2085 files changed, 396577 insertions, 125017 deletions

diff --git a/.clang-format b/.clang-format
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..12a89f95f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.clang-format
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+# This file is an example configuration for clang-format 5.0.
+#
+# Note that this style definition should only be understood as a hint
+# for writing new code. The rules are still work-in-progress and does
+# not yet exactly match the style we have in the existing code.
+
+# Use tabs whenever we need to fill whitespace that spans at least from one tab
+# stop to the next one.
+UseTab: Always
+TabWidth: 8
+IndentWidth: 8
+ContinuationIndentWidth: 8
+ColumnLimit: 80
+
+# C Language specifics
+Language: Cpp
+
+# Align parameters on the open bracket
+# someLongFunction(argument1,
+#                  argument2);
+AlignAfterOpenBracket: Align
+
+# Don't align consecutive assignments
+# int aaaa = 12;
+# int b = 14;
+AlignConsecutiveAssignments: false
+
+# Don't align consecutive declarations
+# int aaaa = 12;
+# double b = 3.14;
+AlignConsecutiveDeclarations: false
+
+# Align escaped newlines as far left as possible
+# #define A   \
+#   int aaaa; \
+#   int b;    \
+#   int cccccccc;
+AlignEscapedNewlines: Left
+
+# Align operands of binary and ternary expressions
+# int aaa = bbbbbbbbbbb +
+#           cccccc;
+AlignOperands: true
+
+# Don't align trailing comments
+# int a; // Comment a
+# int b = 2; // Comment b
+AlignTrailingComments: false
+
+# By default don't allow putting parameters onto the next line
+# myFunction(foo, bar, baz);
+AllowAllParametersOfDeclarationOnNextLine: false
+
+# Don't allow short braced statements to be on a single line
+# if (a)           not       if (a) return;
+#   return;
+AllowShortBlocksOnASingleLine: false
+AllowShortCaseLabelsOnASingleLine: false
+AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: false
+AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: false
+AllowShortLoopsOnASingleLine: false
+
+# By default don't add a line break after the return type of top-level functions
+# int foo();
+AlwaysBreakAfterReturnType: None
+
+# Pack as many parameters or arguments onto the same line as possible
+# int myFunction(int aaaaaaaaaaaa, int bbbbbbbb,
+#                int cccc);
+BinPackArguments: true
+BinPackParameters: true
+
+# Attach braces to surrounding context except break before braces on function
+# definitions.
+# void foo()
+# {
+#    if (true) {
+#    } else {
+#    }
+# };
+BreakBeforeBraces: Linux
+
+# Break after operators
+# int valuve = aaaaaaaaaaaaa +
+#              bbbbbb -
+#              ccccccccccc;
+BreakBeforeBinaryOperators: None
+BreakBeforeTernaryOperators: false
+
+# Don't break string literals
+BreakStringLiterals: false
+
+# Use the same indentation level as for the switch statement.
+# Switch statement body is always indented one level more than case labels.
+IndentCaseLabels: false
+
+# Don't indent a function definition or declaration if it is wrapped after the
+# type
+IndentWrappedFunctionNames: false
+
+# Align pointer to the right
+# int *a;
+PointerAlignment: Right
+
+# Don't insert a space after a cast
+# x = (int32)y;    not    x = (int32) y;
+SpaceAfterCStyleCast: false
+
+# Insert spaces before and after assignment operators
+# int a = 5;    not    int a=5;
+# a += 42;             a+=42;
+SpaceBeforeAssignmentOperators: true
+
+# Put a space before opening parentheses only after control statement keywords.
+# void f() {
+#   if (true) {
+#     f();
+#   }
+# }
+SpaceBeforeParens: ControlStatements
+
+# Don't insert spaces inside empty '()'
+SpaceInEmptyParentheses: false
+
+# The number of spaces before trailing line comments (// - comments).
+# This does not affect trailing block comments (/* - comments).
+SpacesBeforeTrailingComments: 1
+
+# Don't insert spaces in casts
+# x = (int32) y;    not    x = ( int32 ) y;
+SpacesInCStyleCastParentheses: false
+
+# Don't insert spaces inside container literals
+# var arr = [1, 2, 3];    not    var arr = [ 1, 2, 3 ];
+SpacesInContainerLiterals: false
+
+# Don't insert spaces after '(' or before ')'
+# f(arg);    not    f( arg );
+SpacesInParentheses: false
+
+# Don't insert spaces after '[' or before ']'
+# int a[5];    not    int a[ 5 ];
+SpacesInSquareBrackets: false
+
+# Insert a space after '{' and before '}' in struct initializers
+Cpp11BracedListStyle: false
+
+# A list of macros that should be interpreted as foreach loops instead of as
+# function calls.
+ForEachMacros: ['for_each_string_list_item']
+
+# The maximum number of consecutive empty lines to keep.
+MaxEmptyLinesToKeep: 1
+
+# No empty line at the start of a block.
+KeepEmptyLinesAtTheStartOfBlocks: false
+
+# Penalties
+# This decides what order things should be done if a line is too long
+PenaltyBreakAssignment: 10
+PenaltyBreakBeforeFirstCallParameter: 30
+PenaltyBreakComment: 10
+PenaltyBreakFirstLessLess: 0
+PenaltyBreakString: 10
+PenaltyExcessCharacter: 100
+PenaltyReturnTypeOnItsOwnLine: 60
+
+# Don't sort #include's
+SortIncludes: false
diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes
index 5e98806c6c..1bdc91e282 100644
--- a/.gitattributes
+++ b/.gitattributes
@@ -1,3 +1,11 @@
 * whitespace=!indent,trail,space
-*.[ch] whitespace=indent,trail,space
-*.sh whitespace=indent,trail,space
+*.[ch] whitespace=indent,trail,space diff=cpp
+*.sh whitespace=indent,trail,space eol=lf
+*.perl eol=lf diff=perl
+*.pl eof=lf diff=perl
+*.pm eol=lf diff=perl
+*.py eol=lf diff=python
+/Documentation/git-*.txt eol=lf
+/command-list.txt eol=lf
+/GIT-VERSION-GEN eol=lf
+/mergetools/* eol=lf
diff --git a/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md b/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..64e605a02b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+## Contributing to Git
+
+Thanks for taking the time to contribute to Git! Please be advised that the
+Git community does not use github.com for their contributions. Instead, we use
+a mailing list (git@vger.kernel.org) for code submissions, code
+reviews, and bug reports.
+
+Nevertheless, you can use [submitGit](http://submitgit.herokuapp.com/) to
+conveniently send your Pull Requests commits to our mailing list.
+
+Please read ["A note from the maintainer"](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git/plain/MaintNotes?h=todo)
+to learn how the Git project is managed, and how you can work with it.
+In addition, we highly recommend you to read [our submission guidelines](../Documentation/SubmittingPatches).
+
+If you prefer video, then [this talk](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q7i_qQW__q4&feature=youtu.be&t=6m4s)
+might be useful to you as the presenter walks you through the contribution
+process by example.
+
+Your friendly Git community!
diff --git a/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md b/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..adba13e5ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+Thanks for taking the time to contribute to Git! Please be advised that the
+Git community does not use github.com for their contributions. Instead, we use
+a mailing list (git@vger.kernel.org) for code submissions, code reviews, and
+bug reports. Nevertheless, you can use submitGit to conveniently send your Pull
+Requests commits to our mailing list.
+
+Please read the "guidelines for contributing" linked above!
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index a05241916c..ffceea7d59 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 /GIT-LDFLAGS
 /GIT-PREFIX
 /GIT-PERL-DEFINES
+/GIT-PERL-HEADER
 /GIT-PYTHON-VARS
 /GIT-SCRIPT-DEFINES
 /GIT-USER-AGENT
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@
 /git-clone
 /git-column
 /git-commit
+/git-commit-graph
 /git-commit-tree
 /git-config
 /git-count-objects
@@ -111,14 +113,16 @@
 /git-pull
 /git-push
 /git-quiltimport
+/git-range-diff
 /git-read-tree
 /git-rebase
 /git-rebase--am
+/git-rebase--helper
 /git-rebase--interactive
 /git-rebase--merge
+/git-rebase--preserve-merges
 /git-receive-pack
 /git-reflog
-/git-relink
 /git-remote
 /git-remote-http
 /git-remote-https
@@ -140,6 +144,7 @@
 /git-rm
 /git-send-email
 /git-send-pack
+/git-serve
 /git-sh-i18n
 /git-sh-i18n--envsubst
 /git-sh-setup
@@ -155,6 +160,7 @@
 /git-status
 /git-stripspace
 /git-submodule
+/git-submodule--helper
 /git-svn
 /git-symbolic-ref
 /git-tag
@@ -171,43 +177,14 @@
 /git-verify-tag
 /git-web--browse
 /git-whatchanged
+/git-worktree
 /git-write-tree
 /git-core-*/?*
 /gitweb/GITWEB-BUILD-OPTIONS
 /gitweb/gitweb.cgi
 /gitweb/static/gitweb.js
 /gitweb/static/gitweb.min.*
-/test-chmtime
-/test-ctype
-/test-config
-/test-date
-/test-delta
-/test-dump-cache-tree
-/test-dump-split-index
-/test-scrap-cache-tree
-/test-genrandom
-/test-hashmap
-/test-index-version
-/test-line-buffer
-/test-match-trees
-/test-mergesort
-/test-mktemp
-/test-parse-options
-/test-path-utils
-/test-prio-queue
-/test-read-cache
-/test-regex
-/test-revision-walking
-/test-run-command
-/test-sha1
-/test-sha1-array
-/test-sigchain
-/test-string-list
-/test-subprocess
-/test-svn-fe
-/test-urlmatch-normalization
-/test-wildmatch
-/common-cmds.h
+/command-list.h
 *.tar.gz
 *.dsc
 *.deb
@@ -231,7 +208,7 @@
 /config.mak.autogen
 /config.mak.append
 /configure
-/unicode
+/.vscode/
 /tags
 /TAGS
 /cscope*
diff --git a/.gitmodules b/.gitmodules
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cbeebdab7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitmodules
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+[submodule "sha1collisiondetection"]
+	path = sha1collisiondetection
+	url = https://github.com/cr-marcstevens/sha1collisiondetection.git
+	branch = master
diff --git a/.mailmap b/.mailmap
index bb6f52ecd9..f165222a78 100644
--- a/.mailmap
+++ b/.mailmap
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ Alex Riesen <raa.lkml@gmail.com> <raa@limbo.localdomain>
 Alex Riesen <raa.lkml@gmail.com> <raa@steel.home>
 Alex Vandiver <alex@chmrr.net> <alexmv@MIT.EDU>
 Alexander Gavrilov <angavrilov@gmail.com>
+Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com>
 Alexey Shumkin <alex.crezoff@gmail.com> <zapped@mail.ru>
 Alexey Shumkin <alex.crezoff@gmail.com> <Alex.Crezoff@gmail.com>
 Anders Kaseorg <andersk@MIT.EDU> <andersk@ksplice.com>
@@ -24,20 +25,23 @@ Ben Walton <bdwalton@gmail.com> <bwalton@artsci.utoronto.ca>
 Benoit Sigoure <tsunanet@gmail.com> <tsuna@lrde.epita.fr>
 Bernt Hansen <bernt@norang.ca> <bernt@alumni.uwaterloo.ca>
 Brandon Casey <drafnel@gmail.com> <casey@nrlssc.navy.mil>
-brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.ath.cx> Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.ath.cx>
-brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.ath.cx> <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
+brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net> Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.ath.cx>
+brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net> <sandals@crustytoothpaste.ath.cx>
 Bryan Larsen <bryan@larsen.st> <bryan.larsen@gmail.com>
 Bryan Larsen <bryan@larsen.st> <bryanlarsen@yahoo.com>
 Cheng Renquan <crquan@gmail.com>
 Chris Shoemaker <c.shoemaker@cox.net>
 Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org> <chrisw@osdl.org>
 Cord Seele <cowose@gmail.com> <cowose@googlemail.com>
+Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org> <christian.couder@gmail.com>
 Christian Stimming <stimming@tuhh.de> <chs@ckiste.goetheallee>
+Christopher Díaz Riveros <chrisadr@gentoo.org> Christopher Diaz Riveros
 Csaba Henk <csaba@gluster.com> <csaba@lowlife.hu>
 Dan Johnson <computerdruid@gmail.com>
 Dana L. How <danahow@gmail.com> <how@deathvalley.cswitch.com>
 Dana L. How <danahow@gmail.com> Dana How
 Daniel Barkalow <barkalow@iabervon.org>
+Daniel Knittl-Frank <knittl89@googlemail.com> knittl
 Daniel Trstenjak <daniel.trstenjak@gmail.com> <daniel.trstenjak@online.de>
 Daniel Trstenjak <daniel.trstenjak@gmail.com> <trsten@science-computing.de>
 David Brown <git@davidb.org> <davidb@quicinc.com>
@@ -45,13 +49,17 @@ David D. Kilzer <ddkilzer@kilzer.net>
 David KÃ¥gedal <davidk@lysator.liu.se>
 David Reiss <dreiss@facebook.com> <dreiss@dreiss-vmware.(none)>
 David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
+David Turner <novalis@novalis.org> <dturner@twopensource.com>
+David Turner <novalis@novalis.org> <dturner@twosigma.com>
 Deskin Miller <deskinm@umich.edu>
 Dirk Süsserott <newsletter@dirk.my1.cc>
 Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> <ebb9@byu.net>
 Eric Hanchrow <eric.hanchrow@gmail.com> <offby1@blarg.net>
 Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
+Eric Wong <e@80x24.org> <normalperson@yhbt.net>
 Erik Faye-Lund <kusmabite@gmail.com> <kusmabite@googlemail.com>
 Eyvind Bernhardsen <eyvind.bernhardsen@gmail.com> <eyvind-git@orakel.ntnu.no>
+Fangyi Zhou <fangyi.zhou@yuriko.moe> Zhou Fangyi
 Florian Achleitner <florian.achleitner.2.6.31@gmail.com> <florian.achleitner2.6.31@gmail.com>
 Franck Bui-Huu <vagabon.xyz@gmail.com> <fbuihuu@gmail.com>
 Frank Lichtenheld <frank@lichtenheld.de> <djpig@debian.org>
@@ -81,6 +89,8 @@ Jason McMullan <mcmullan@netapp.com>
 Jason Riedy <ejr@eecs.berkeley.edu> <ejr@EECS.Berkeley.EDU>
 Jason Riedy <ejr@eecs.berkeley.edu> <ejr@cs.berkeley.edu>
 Jay Soffian <jaysoffian@gmail.com> <jaysoffian+git@gmail.com>
+Jean-Noël Avila <jn.avila@free.fr> Jean-Noel Avila
+Jean-Noël Avila <jn.avila@free.fr> Jean-Noël AVILA
 Jeff King <peff@peff.net> <peff@github.com>
 Jeff Muizelaar <jmuizelaar@mozilla.com> <jeff@infidigm.net>
 Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk> <axboe@suse.de>
@@ -108,6 +118,7 @@ Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> <junio@pobox.com>
 Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> <junio@twinsun.com>
 Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> <junkio@cox.net>
 Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> <junkio@twinsun.com>
+Kaartic Sivaraam <kaartic.sivaraam@gmail.com> <kaarticsivaraam91196@gmail.com>
 Karl Wiberg <kha@treskal.com> Karl  Hasselström
 Karl Wiberg <kha@treskal.com> <kha@yoghurt.hemma.treskal.com>
 Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de> <karsten.blees@dcon.de>
@@ -143,10 +154,12 @@ Matt Draisey <matt@draisey.ca> <mattdraisey@sympatico.ca>
 Matt Kraai <kraai@ftbfs.org> <matt.kraai@amo.abbott.com>
 Matt McCutchen <matt@mattmccutchen.net> <hashproduct@gmail.com>
 Matthias Kestenholz <matthias@spinlock.ch> <mk@spinlock.ch>
+Matthias Rüster <matthias.ruester@gmail.com> Matthias Ruester
 Matthias Urlichs <matthias@urlichs.de> <smurf@kiste.(none)>
 Matthias Urlichs <matthias@urlichs.de> <smurf@smurf.noris.de>
 Michael Coleman <tutufan@gmail.com>
-Michael J Gruber <git@drmicha.warpmail.net> <michaeljgruber+gmane@fastmail.fm>
+Michael J Gruber <git@grubix.eu> <michaeljgruber+gmane@fastmail.fm>
+Michael J Gruber <git@grubix.eu> <git@drmicha.warpmail.net>
 Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@kernel.org> <mst@redhat.com>
 Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@kernel.org> <mst@mellanox.co.il>
 Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@kernel.org> <mst@dev.mellanox.co.il>
@@ -172,6 +185,7 @@ Paolo Bonzini <bonzini@gnu.org> <paolo.bonzini@lu.unisi.ch>
 Pascal Obry <pascal@obry.net> <pascal.obry@gmail.com>
 Pascal Obry <pascal@obry.net> <pascal.obry@wanadoo.fr>
 Pat Notz <patnotz@gmail.com> <pknotz@sandia.gov>
+Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> <patrick.steinhardt@elego.de>
 Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> <paulus@dorrigo.(none)>
 Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> <paulus@pogo.(none)>
 Peter Baumann <waste.manager@gmx.de> <Peter.B.Baumann@stud.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>
@@ -185,8 +199,11 @@ Philip Jägenstedt <philip@foolip.org> <philip.jagenstedt@gmail.com>
 Philipp A. Hartmann <pah@qo.cx> <ph@sorgh.de>
 Philippe Bruhat <book@cpan.org>
 Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com> <ralf.thielow@googlemail.com>
-Ramsay Allan Jones <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
+Ramsay Jones <ramsay@ramsayjones.plus.com> <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
 René Scharfe <l.s.r@web.de> <rene.scharfe@lsrfire.ath.cx>
+René Scharfe <l.s.r@web.de> Rene Scharfe
+Richard Hansen <rhansen@rhansen.org> <hansenr@google.com>
+Richard Hansen <rhansen@rhansen.org> <rhansen@bbn.com>
 Robert Fitzsimons <robfitz@273k.net>
 Robert Shearman <robertshearman@gmail.com> <rob@codeweavers.com>
 Robert Zeh <robert.a.zeh@gmail.com>
@@ -202,6 +219,8 @@ Sean Estabrooks <seanlkml@sympatico.ca>
 Sebastian Schuberth <sschuberth@gmail.com> <sschuberth@visageimaging.com>
 Seth Falcon <seth@userprimary.net> <sfalcon@fhcrc.org>
 Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>
+Wei Shuyu <wsy@dogben.com> Shuyu Wei
+Sidhant Sharma <tigerkid001@gmail.com> Sidhant Sharma [:tk]
 Simon Hausmann <hausmann@kde.org> <simon@lst.de>
 Simon Hausmann <hausmann@kde.org> <shausman@trolltech.com>
 Stefan Beller <stefanbeller@gmail.com> <stefanbeller@googlemail.com>
@@ -218,6 +237,7 @@ Steven Walter <stevenrwalter@gmail.com> <swalter@lexmark.com>
 Steven Walter <stevenrwalter@gmail.com> <swalter@lpdev.prtdev.lexmark.com>
 Sven Verdoolaege <skimo@kotnet.org> <Sven.Verdoolaege@cs.kuleuven.ac.be>
 Sven Verdoolaege <skimo@kotnet.org> <skimo@liacs.nl>
+SZEDER Gábor <szeder.dev@gmail.com> <szeder@ira.uka.de>
 Tay Ray Chuan <rctay89@gmail.com>
 Ted Percival <ted@midg3t.net> <ted.percival@quest.com>
 Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
@@ -241,7 +261,8 @@ Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de> <ukleinek@informatik.uni-frei
 Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de> <uzeisberger@io.fsforth.de>
 Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de> <zeisberg@informatik.uni-freiburg.de>
 Ville Skyttä <ville.skytta@iki.fi> <scop@xemacs.org>
-Vitaly "_Vi" Shukela <public_vi@tut.by>
+Vitaly "_Vi" Shukela <vi0oss@gmail.com> <public_vi@tut.by>
+Vitaly "_Vi" Shukela <vi0oss@gmail.com> Vitaly _Vi Shukela
 W. Trevor King <wking@tremily.us> <wking@drexel.edu>
 William Pursell <bill.pursell@gmail.com>
 YONETANI Tomokazu <y0n3t4n1@gmail.com> <qhwt+git@les.ath.cx>
diff --git a/.travis.yml b/.travis.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4d4e26c9df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.travis.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+language: c
+
+sudo: false
+
+cache:
+  directories:
+    - $HOME/travis-cache
+
+os:
+  - linux
+  - osx
+
+compiler:
+  - clang
+  - gcc
+
+addons:
+  apt:
+    sources:
+    - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
+    packages:
+    - language-pack-is
+    - git-svn
+    - apache2
+    - gcc-8
+
+matrix:
+  include:
+    - env: jobname=GETTEXT_POISON
+      os: linux
+      compiler:
+      addons:
+      before_install:
+    - env: jobname=Windows
+      os: linux
+      compiler:
+      addons:
+      before_install:
+      script:
+        - >
+          test "$TRAVIS_REPO_SLUG" != "git/git" ||
+          ci/run-windows-build.sh $TRAVIS_BRANCH $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+      after_failure:
+    - env: jobname=Linux32
+      os: linux
+      compiler:
+      addons:
+      services:
+        - docker
+      before_install:
+      script: ci/run-linux32-docker.sh
+    - env: jobname=StaticAnalysis
+      os: linux
+      compiler:
+      addons:
+        apt:
+          packages:
+          - coccinelle
+      before_install:
+      script: ci/run-static-analysis.sh
+      after_failure:
+    - env: jobname=Documentation
+      os: linux
+      compiler:
+      addons:
+        apt:
+          packages:
+          - asciidoc
+          - xmlto
+      before_install:
+      script: ci/test-documentation.sh
+      after_failure:
+
+before_install: ci/install-dependencies.sh
+script: ci/run-build-and-tests.sh
+after_failure: ci/print-test-failures.sh
+
+notifications:
+  email: false
diff --git a/.tsan-suppressions b/.tsan-suppressions
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8c85014a0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.tsan-suppressions
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# Suppressions for ThreadSanitizer (tsan).
+#
+# This file is used by setting the environment variable TSAN_OPTIONS to, e.g.,
+# "suppressions=$(pwd)/.tsan-suppressions". Observe that relative paths such as
+# ".tsan-suppressions" might not work.
+
+# A static variable is written to racily, but we always write the same value, so
+# in practice it (hopefully!) doesn't matter.
+race:^want_color$
+race:^transfer_debug$
diff --git a/Documentation/.gitignore b/Documentation/.gitignore
index 2c8b2d612e..3ef54e0adb 100644
--- a/Documentation/.gitignore
+++ b/Documentation/.gitignore
@@ -11,3 +11,5 @@ doc.dep
 cmds-*.txt
 mergetools-*.txt
 manpage-base-url.xsl
+SubmittingPatches.txt
+tmp-doc-diff/
diff --git a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
index 7636199fe8..48aa4edfbd 100644
--- a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
+++ b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 Like other projects, we also have some guidelines to keep to the
-code.  For Git in general, three rough rules are:
+code.  For Git in general, a few rough rules are:
 
  - Most importantly, we never say "It's in POSIX; we'll happily
    ignore your needs should your system not conform to it."
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ code.  For Git in general, three rough rules are:
 
    "Once it _is_ in the tree, it's not really worth the patch noise to
    go and fix it up."
-   Cf. http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/943020
+   Cf. http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1001.3/01069.html
 
 Make your code readable and sensible, and don't try to be clever.
 
@@ -171,6 +171,11 @@ For C programs:
 
  - We try to keep to at most 80 characters per line.
 
+ - As a Git developer we assume you have a reasonably modern compiler
+   and we recommend you to enable the DEVELOPER makefile knob to
+   ensure your patch is clear of all compiler warnings we care about,
+   by e.g. "echo DEVELOPER=1 >>config.mak".
+
  - We try to support a wide range of C compilers to compile Git with,
    including old ones. That means that you should not use C99
    initializers, even if a lot of compilers grok it.
@@ -201,11 +206,38 @@ For C programs:
 		x = 1;
 	}
 
-   is frowned upon.  A gray area is when the statement extends
-   over a few lines, and/or you have a lengthy comment atop of
-   it.  Also, like in the Linux kernel, if there is a long list
-   of "else if" statements, it can make sense to add braces to
-   single line blocks.
+   is frowned upon. But there are a few exceptions:
+
+	- When the statement extends over a few lines (e.g., a while loop
+	  with an embedded conditional, or a comment). E.g.:
+
+		while (foo) {
+			if (x)
+				one();
+			else
+				two();
+		}
+
+		if (foo) {
+			/*
+			 * This one requires some explanation,
+			 * so we're better off with braces to make
+			 * it obvious that the indentation is correct.
+			 */
+			doit();
+		}
+
+	- When there are multiple arms to a conditional and some of them
+	  require braces, enclose even a single line block in braces for
+	  consistency. E.g.:
+
+		if (foo) {
+			doit();
+		} else {
+			one();
+			two();
+			three();
+		}
 
  - We try to avoid assignments in the condition of an "if" statement.
 
@@ -224,12 +256,12 @@ For C programs:
 
    Note however that a comment that explains a translatable string to
    translators uses a convention of starting with a magic token
-   "TRANSLATORS: " immediately after the opening delimiter, even when
-   it spans multiple lines.  We do not add an asterisk at the beginning
-   of each line, either.  E.g.
+   "TRANSLATORS: ", e.g.
 
-	/* TRANSLATORS: here is a comment that explains the string
-	   to be translated, that follows immediately after it */
+	/*
+	 * TRANSLATORS: here is a comment that explains the string to
+	 * be translated, that follows immediately after it.
+	 */
 	_("Here is a translatable string explained by the above.");
 
  - Double negation is often harder to understand than no negation
@@ -354,6 +386,11 @@ For C programs:
  - Use Git's gettext wrappers to make the user interface
    translatable. See "Marking strings for translation" in po/README.
 
+ - Variables and functions local to a given source file should be marked
+   with "static". Variables that are visible to other source files
+   must be declared with "extern" in header files. However, function
+   declarations should not use "extern", as that is already the default.
+
 For Perl programs:
 
  - Most of the C guidelines above apply.
@@ -521,12 +558,20 @@ Writing Documentation:
  modifying paragraphs or option/command explanations that contain options
  or commands:
 
- Literal examples (e.g. use of command-line options, command names, and
- configuration variables) are typeset in monospace, and if you can use
- `backticks around word phrases`, do so.
+ Literal examples (e.g. use of command-line options, command names,
+ branch names, configuration and environment variables) must be
+ typeset in monospace (i.e. wrapped with backticks):
    `--pretty=oneline`
    `git rev-list`
-   `remote.pushdefault`
+   `remote.pushDefault`
+   `GIT_DIR`
+   `HEAD`
+
+ An environment variable must be prefixed with "$" only when referring to its
+ value and not when referring to the variable itself, in this case there is
+ nothing to add except the backticks:
+   `GIT_DIR` is specified
+   `$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-receive`
 
  Word phrases enclosed in `backtick characters` are rendered literally
  and will not be further expanded. The use of `backticks` to achieve the
diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile
index 3e39e2815b..a42dcfc745 100644
--- a/Documentation/Makefile
+++ b/Documentation/Makefile
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ MAN7_TXT += giteveryday.txt
 MAN7_TXT += gitglossary.txt
 MAN7_TXT += gitnamespaces.txt
 MAN7_TXT += gitrevisions.txt
+MAN7_TXT += gitsubmodules.txt
 MAN7_TXT += gittutorial-2.txt
 MAN7_TXT += gittutorial.txt
 MAN7_TXT += gitworkflows.txt
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ MAN7_TXT += gitworkflows.txt
 MAN_TXT = $(MAN1_TXT) $(MAN5_TXT) $(MAN7_TXT)
 MAN_XML = $(patsubst %.txt,%.xml,$(MAN_TXT))
 MAN_HTML = $(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(MAN_TXT))
+GIT_MAN_REF = master
 
 OBSOLETE_HTML += everyday.html
 OBSOLETE_HTML += git-remote-helpers.html
@@ -66,16 +68,22 @@ SP_ARTICLES += howto/maintain-git
 API_DOCS = $(patsubst %.txt,%,$(filter-out technical/api-index-skel.txt technical/api-index.txt, $(wildcard technical/api-*.txt)))
 SP_ARTICLES += $(API_DOCS)
 
+TECH_DOCS += SubmittingPatches
+TECH_DOCS += technical/hash-function-transition
 TECH_DOCS += technical/http-protocol
 TECH_DOCS += technical/index-format
+TECH_DOCS += technical/long-running-process-protocol
 TECH_DOCS += technical/pack-format
 TECH_DOCS += technical/pack-heuristics
 TECH_DOCS += technical/pack-protocol
+TECH_DOCS += technical/partial-clone
 TECH_DOCS += technical/protocol-capabilities
 TECH_DOCS += technical/protocol-common
+TECH_DOCS += technical/protocol-v2
 TECH_DOCS += technical/racy-git
 TECH_DOCS += technical/send-pack-pipeline
 TECH_DOCS += technical/shallow
+TECH_DOCS += technical/signature-format
 TECH_DOCS += technical/trivial-merge
 SP_ARTICLES += $(TECH_DOCS)
 SP_ARTICLES += technical/api-index
@@ -119,6 +127,7 @@ INSTALL_INFO = install-info
 DOCBOOK2X_TEXI = docbook2x-texi
 DBLATEX = dblatex
 ASCIIDOC_DBLATEX_DIR = /etc/asciidoc/dblatex
+DBLATEX_COMMON = -p $(ASCIIDOC_DBLATEX_DIR)/asciidoc-dblatex.xsl -s $(ASCIIDOC_DBLATEX_DIR)/asciidoc-dblatex.sty
 ifndef PERL_PATH
 	PERL_PATH = /usr/bin/perl
 endif
@@ -146,7 +155,7 @@ else
 	ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-asciidoc-no-roff
 	endif
 endif
-ifdef MAN_BOLD_LITERAL
+ifndef NO_MAN_BOLD_LITERAL
 XMLTO_EXTRA += -m manpage-bold-literal.xsl
 endif
 ifdef DOCBOOK_SUPPRESS_SP
@@ -172,6 +181,17 @@ ifdef GNU_ROFF
 XMLTO_EXTRA += -m manpage-quote-apos.xsl
 endif
 
+ifdef USE_ASCIIDOCTOR
+ASCIIDOC = asciidoctor
+ASCIIDOC_CONF =
+ASCIIDOC_HTML = xhtml5
+ASCIIDOC_DOCBOOK = docbook45
+ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -acompat-mode -atabsize=8
+ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -I. -rasciidoctor-extensions
+ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -alitdd='&\#x2d;&\#x2d;'
+DBLATEX_COMMON =
+endif
+
 SHELL_PATH ?= $(SHELL)
 # Shell quote;
 SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
@@ -204,6 +224,7 @@ ifndef V
 	QUIET_DBLATEX	= @echo '   ' DBLATEX $@;
 	QUIET_XSLTPROC	= @echo '   ' XSLTPROC $@;
 	QUIET_GEN	= @echo '   ' GEN $@;
+	QUIET_LINT	= @echo '   ' LINT $@;
 	QUIET_STDERR	= 2> /dev/null
 	QUIET_SUBDIR0	= +@subdir=
 	QUIET_SUBDIR1	= ;$(NO_SUBDIR) echo '   ' SUBDIR $$subdir; \
@@ -308,6 +329,7 @@ clean:
 	$(RM) *.pdf
 	$(RM) howto-index.txt howto/*.html doc.dep
 	$(RM) technical/*.html technical/api-index.txt
+	$(RM) SubmittingPatches.txt
 	$(RM) $(cmds_txt) $(mergetools_txt) *.made
 	$(RM) manpage-base-url.xsl
 
@@ -335,7 +357,7 @@ manpage-base-url.xsl: manpage-base-url.xsl.in
 
 user-manual.xml: user-manual.txt user-manual.conf
 	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
-	$(TXT_TO_XML) -d article -o $@+ $< && \
+	$(TXT_TO_XML) -d book -o $@+ $< && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
 technical/api-index.txt: technical/api-index-skel.txt \
@@ -346,6 +368,9 @@ technical/%.html: ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-relative-html-prefix=../
 $(patsubst %,%.html,$(API_DOCS) technical/api-index $(TECH_DOCS)): %.html : %.txt asciidoc.conf
 	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(TXT_TO_HTML) $*.txt
 
+SubmittingPatches.txt: SubmittingPatches
+	$(QUIET_GEN) cp $< $@
+
 XSLT = docbook.xsl
 XSLTOPTS = --xinclude --stringparam html.stylesheet docbook-xsl.css
 
@@ -366,13 +391,14 @@ user-manual.texi: user-manual.xml
 
 user-manual.pdf: user-manual.xml
 	$(QUIET_DBLATEX)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
-	$(DBLATEX) -o $@+ -p $(ASCIIDOC_DBLATEX_DIR)/asciidoc-dblatex.xsl -s $(ASCIIDOC_DBLATEX_DIR)/asciidoc-dblatex.sty $< && \
+	$(DBLATEX) -o $@+ $(DBLATEX_COMMON) $< && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
-gitman.texi: $(MAN_XML) cat-texi.perl
+gitman.texi: $(MAN_XML) cat-texi.perl texi.xsl
 	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
-	($(foreach xml,$(MAN_XML),$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --encoding=UTF-8 \
-		--to-stdout $(xml) &&) true) > $@++ && \
+	($(foreach xml,$(sort $(MAN_XML)),xsltproc -o $(xml)+ texi.xsl $(xml) && \
+		$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --encoding=UTF-8 --to-stdout $(xml)+ && \
+		rm $(xml)+ &&) true) > $@++ && \
 	$(PERL_PATH) cat-texi.perl $@ <$@++ >$@+ && \
 	rm $@++ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
@@ -415,16 +441,19 @@ require-manrepo::
 	then echo "git-manpages repository must exist at $(MAN_REPO)"; exit 1; fi
 
 quick-install-man: require-manrepo
-	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(MAN_REPO) $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(MAN_REPO) $(DESTDIR)$(mandir) $(GIT_MAN_REF)
 
 require-htmlrepo::
 	@if test ! -d $(HTML_REPO); \
 	then echo "git-htmldocs repository must exist at $(HTML_REPO)"; exit 1; fi
 
 quick-install-html: require-htmlrepo
-	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(HTML_REPO) $(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(HTML_REPO) $(DESTDIR)$(htmldir) $(GIT_MAN_REF)
 
 print-man1:
 	@for i in $(MAN1_TXT); do echo $$i; done
 
+lint-docs::
+	$(QUIET_LINT)$(PERL_PATH) lint-gitlink.perl
+
 .PHONY: FORCE
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.1.txt
index be68524cff..71a86cb7c6 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.1.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.1.txt
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ Fixes since v1.7.10
  * The 'push to upstream' implementation was broken in some corner
    cases. "git push $there" without refspec, when the current branch
    is set to push to a remote different from $there, used to push to
-   $there using the upstream information to a remote unreleated to
+   $there using the upstream information to a remote unrelated to
    $there.
 
  * Giving "--continue" to a conflicted "rebase -i" session skipped a
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.7.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.7.txt
index e7e79d999b..e743a2a8e4 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.7.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.7.txt
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Fixes since v1.7.11.6
    references" nor "Reload" did not update what is shown as the
    contents of it, when the user overwrote the tag with "git tag -f".
 
- * "git for-each-ref" did not currectly support more than one --sort
+ * "git for-each-ref" did not correctly support more than one --sort
    option.
 
  * "git log .." errored out saying it is both rev range and a path
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.txt
index 7655cccfaa..6eff128c80 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.txt
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ Updates since v1.7.6
    logic used by "git diff" to determine the hunk header.
 
  * Invoking the low-level "git http-fetch" without "-a" option (which
-   git itself never did---normal users should not have to worry about
+   git itself never did--normal users should not have to worry about
    this) is now deprecated.
 
  * The "--decorate" option to "git log" and its family learned to
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.3.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.3.1.txt
index fc3ea185a5..986637b755 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.3.1.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.3.1.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 Git v1.8.3.1 Release Notes
-========================
+==========================
 
 Fixes since v1.8.3
 ------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.1.txt
index 3aa25a2743..96090ef599 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.1.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.1.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 Git v1.8.4.1 Release Notes
-========================
+==========================
 
 Fixes since v1.8.4
 ------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.2.txt
index 9adccb1efb..bf6fb1a023 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.2.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.2.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 Git v1.8.4.2 Release Notes
-========================
+==========================
 
 Fixes since v1.8.4.1
 --------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.3.txt
index 03f3d17751..267a1b34b4 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.3.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.3.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 Git v1.8.4.3 Release Notes
-========================
+==========================
 
 Fixes since v1.8.4.2
 --------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.4.txt
index 7bc4c5dcc0..a7c1ce15c0 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.4.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.4.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 Git v1.8.4.4 Release Notes
-========================
+==========================
 
 Fixes since v1.8.4.3
 --------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.9.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.9.0.txt
index 752d79127a..4e4b88aa5c 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.9.0.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.9.0.txt
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, etc.
  * The naming convention of the packfiles has been updated; it used to
    be based on the enumeration of names of the objects that are
    contained in the pack, but now it also depends on how the packed
-   result is represented---packing the same set of objects using
+   result is represented--packing the same set of objects using
    different settings (or delta order) would produce a pack with
    different name.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4da28ab66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,675 @@
+Git 2.10 Release Notes
+======================
+
+Backward compatibility notes
+----------------------------
+
+Updates since v2.9
+------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * "git pull --rebase --verify-signature" learned to warn the user
+   that "--verify-signature" is a no-op when rebasing.
+
+ * An upstream project can make a recommendation to shallowly clone
+   some submodules in the .gitmodules file it ships.
+
+ * "git worktree add" learned that '-' can be used as a short-hand for
+   "@{-1}", the previous branch.
+
+ * Update the funcname definition to support css files.
+
+ * The completion script (in contrib/) learned to complete "git
+   status" options.
+
+ * Messages that are generated by auto gc during "git push" on the
+   receiving end are now passed back to the sending end in such a way
+   that they are shown with "remote: " prefix to avoid confusing the
+   users.
+
+ * "git add -i/-p" learned to honor diff.compactionHeuristic
+   experimental knob, so that the user can work on the same hunk split
+   as "git diff" output.
+
+ * "upload-pack" allows a custom "git pack-objects" replacement when
+   responding to "fetch/clone" via the uploadpack.packObjectsHook.
+   (merge b738396 jk/upload-pack-hook later to maint).
+
+ * Teach format-patch and mailsplit (hence "am") how a line that
+   happens to begin with "From " in the e-mail message is quoted with
+   ">", so that these lines can be restored to their original shape.
+   (merge d9925d1 ew/mboxrd-format-am later to maint).
+
+ * "git repack" learned the "--keep-unreachable" option, which sends
+   loose unreachable objects to a pack instead of leaving them loose.
+   This helps heuristics based on the number of loose objects
+   (e.g. "gc --auto").
+   (merge e26a8c4 jk/repack-keep-unreachable later to maint).
+
+ * "log --graph --format=" learned that "%>|(N)" specifies the width
+   relative to the terminal's left edge, not relative to the area to
+   draw text that is to the right of the ancestry-graph section.  It
+   also now accepts negative N that means the column limit is relative
+   to the right border.
+
+ * A careless invocation of "git send-email directory/" after editing
+   0001-change.patch with an editor often ends up sending both
+   0001-change.patch and its backup file, 0001-change.patch~, causing
+   embarrassment and a minor confusion.  Detect such an input and
+   offer to skip the backup files when sending the patches out.
+   (merge 531220b jc/send-email-skip-backup later to maint).
+
+ * "git submodule update" that drives many "git clone" could
+   eventually hit flaky servers/network conditions on one of the
+   submodules; the command learned to retry the attempt.
+
+ * The output coloring scheme learned two new attributes, italic and
+   strike, in addition to existing bold, reverse, etc.
+
+ * "git log" learns log.showSignature configuration variable, and a
+   command line option "--no-show-signature" to countermand it.
+   (merge fce04c3 mj/log-show-signature-conf later to maint).
+
+ * More markings of messages for i18n, with updates to various tests
+   to pass GETTEXT_POISON tests.
+
+ * "git archive" learned to handle files that are larger than 8GB and
+   commits far in the future than expressible by the traditional US-TAR
+   format.
+   (merge 560b0e8 jk/big-and-future-archive-tar later to maint).
+
+
+ * A new configuration variable core.sshCommand has been added to
+   specify what value for GIT_SSH_COMMAND to use per repository.
+
+ * "git worktree prune" protected worktrees that are marked as
+   "locked" by creating a file in a known location.  "git worktree"
+   command learned a dedicated command pair to create and remove such
+   a file, so that the users do not have to do this with editor.
+
+ * A handful of "git svn" updates.
+
+ * "git push" learned to accept and pass extra options to the
+   receiving end so that hooks can read and react to them.
+
+ * "git status" learned to suggest "merge --abort" during a conflicted
+   merge, just like it already suggests "rebase --abort" during a
+   conflicted rebase.
+
+ * "git jump" script (in contrib/) has been updated a bit.
+   (merge a91e692 jk/git-jump later to maint).
+
+ * "git push" and "git clone" learned to give better progress meters
+   to the end user who is waiting on the terminal.
+
+ * An entry "git log --decorate" for the tip of the current branch is
+   shown as "HEAD -> name" (where "name" is the name of the branch);
+   the arrow is now painted in the same color as "HEAD", not in the
+   color for commits.
+
+ * "git format-patch" learned format.from configuration variable to
+   specify the default settings for its "--from" option.
+
+ * "git am -3" calls "git merge-recursive" when it needs to fall back
+   to a three-way merge; this call has been turned into an internal
+   subroutine call instead of spawning a separate subprocess.
+
+ * The command line completion scripts (in contrib/) now knows about
+   "git branch --delete/--move [--remote]".
+   (merge 2703c22 vs/completion-branch-fully-spelled-d-m-r later to maint).
+
+ * "git rev-parse --git-path hooks/<hook>" learned to take
+   core.hooksPath configuration variable (introduced during 2.9 cycle)
+   into account.
+   (merge 9445b49 ab/hooks later to maint).
+
+ * "git log --show-signature" and other commands that display the
+   verification status of PGP signature now shows the longer key-id,
+   as 32-bit key-id is so last century.
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
+
+ * "git fast-import" learned the same performance trick to avoid
+   creating too small a packfile as "git fetch" and "git push" have,
+   using *.unpackLimit configuration.
+
+ * When "git daemon" is run without --[init-]timeout specified, a
+   connection from a client that silently goes offline can hang around
+   for a long time, wasting resources.  The socket-level KEEPALIVE has
+   been enabled to allow the OS to notice such failed connections.
+
+ * "git upload-pack" command has been updated to use the parse-options
+   API.
+
+ * The "git apply" standalone program is being libified; the first
+   step to move many state variables into a structure that can be
+   explicitly (re)initialized to make the machinery callable more
+   than once has been merged.
+
+ * HTTP transport gained an option to produce more detailed debugging
+   trace.
+   (merge 73e57aa ep/http-curl-trace later to maint).
+
+ * Instead of taking advantage of the fact that a struct string_list
+   that is allocated with all NULs happens to be the INIT_NODUP kind,
+   the users of string_list structures are taught to initialize them
+   explicitly as such, to document their behaviour better.
+   (merge 2721ce2 jk/string-list-static-init later to maint).
+
+ * HTTPd tests learned to show the server error log to help diagnosing
+   a failing tests.
+   (merge 44f243d nd/test-lib-httpd-show-error-log-in-verbose later to maint).
+
+ * The ownership rule for the piece of memory that hold references to
+   be fetched in "git fetch" was screwy, which has been cleaned up.
+
+ * "git bisect" makes an internal call to "git diff-tree" when
+   bisection finds the culprit, but this call did not initialize the
+   data structure to pass to the diff-tree API correctly.
+
+ * Further preparatory clean-up for "worktree" feature continues.
+   (merge 0409e0b nd/worktree-cleanup-post-head-protection later to maint).
+
+ * Formats of the various data (and how to validate them) where we use
+   GPG signature have been documented.
+
+ * A new run-command API function pipe_command() is introduced to
+   sanely feed data to the standard input while capturing data from
+   the standard output and the standard error of an external process,
+   which is cumbersome to hand-roll correctly without deadlocking.
+
+ * The codepath to sign data in a prepared buffer with GPG has been
+   updated to use this API to read from the status-fd to check for
+   errors (instead of relying on GPG's exit status).
+   (merge efee955 jk/gpg-interface-cleanup later to maint).
+
+ * Allow t/perf framework to use the features from the most recent
+   version of Git even when testing an older installed version.
+
+ * The commands in the "log/diff" family have had an FILE* pointer in the
+   data structure they pass around for a long time, but some codepaths
+   used to always write to the standard output.  As a preparatory step
+   to make "git format-patch" available to the internal callers, these
+   codepaths have been updated to consistently write into that FILE*
+   instead.
+
+ * Conversion from unsigned char sha1[20] to struct object_id
+   continues.
+
+ * Improve the look of the way "git fetch" reports what happened to
+   each ref that was fetched.
+
+ * The .c/.h sources are marked as such in our .gitattributes file so
+   that "git diff -W" and friends would work better.
+
+ * Code clean-up to avoid using a variable string that compilers may
+   feel untrustable as printf-style format given to write_file()
+   helper function.
+
+ * "git p4" used a location outside $GIT_DIR/refs/ to place its
+   temporary branches, which has been moved to refs/git-p4-tmp/.
+
+ * Existing autoconf generated test for the need to link with pthread
+   library did not check all the functions from pthread libraries;
+   recent FreeBSD has some functions in libc but not others, and we
+   mistakenly thought linking with libc is enough when it is not.
+
+ * When "git fsck" reports a broken link (e.g. a tree object contains
+   a blob that does not exist), both containing object and the object
+   that is referred to were reported with their 40-hex object names.
+   The command learned the "--name-objects" option to show the path to
+   the containing object from existing refs (e.g. "HEAD~24^2:file.txt").
+
+ * Allow http daemon tests in Travis CI tests.
+
+ * Makefile assumed that -lrt is always available on platforms that
+   want to use clock_gettime() and CLOCK_MONOTONIC, which is not a
+   case for recent Mac OS X.  The necessary symbols are often found in
+   libc on many modern systems and having -lrt on the command line, as
+   long as the library exists, had no effect, but when the platform
+   removes librt.a that is a different matter--having -lrt will break
+   the linkage.
+
+   This change could be seen as a regression for those who do need to
+   specify -lrt, as they now specifically ask for NEEDS_LIBRT when
+   building. Hopefully they are in the minority these days.
+
+ * Further preparatory work on the refs API before the pluggable
+   backend series can land.
+
+ * Error handling in the codepaths that updates refs has been
+   improved.
+
+ * The API to iterate over all the refs (i.e. for_each_ref(), etc.)
+   has been revamped.
+
+ * The handling of the "text=auto" attribute has been corrected.
+   $ echo "* text=auto eol=crlf" >.gitattributes
+   used to have the same effect as
+   $ echo "* text eol=crlf" >.gitattributes
+   i.e. declaring all files are text (ignoring "auto").  The
+   combination has been fixed to be equivalent to doing
+   $ git config core.autocrlf true
+
+ * Documentation has been updated to show better example usage
+   of the updated "text=auto" attribute.
+
+ * A few tests that specifically target "git rebase -i" have been
+   added.
+
+ * Dumb http transport on the client side has been optimized.
+   (merge ecba195 ew/http-walker later to maint).
+
+ * Users of the parse_options_concat() API function need to allocate
+   extra slots in advance and fill them with OPT_END() when they want
+   to decide the set of supported options dynamically, which makes the
+   code error-prone and hard to read.  This has been corrected by tweaking
+   the API to allocate and return a new copy of "struct option" array.
+
+ * "git fetch" exchanges batched have/ack messages between the sender
+   and the receiver, initially doubling every time and then falling
+   back to enlarge the window size linearly.  The "smart http"
+   transport, being an half-duplex protocol, outgrows the preset limit
+   too quickly and becomes inefficient when interacting with a large
+   repository.  The internal mechanism learned to grow the window size
+   more aggressively when working with the "smart http" transport.
+
+ * Tests for "git svn" have been taught to reuse the lib-httpd test
+   infrastructure when testing the subversion integration that
+   interacts with subversion repositories served over the http://
+   protocol.
+   (merge a8a5d25 ew/git-svn-http-tests later to maint).
+
+ * "git pack-objects" has a few options that tell it not to pack
+   objects found in certain packfiles, which require it to scan .idx
+   files of all available packs.  The codepaths involved in these
+   operations have been optimized for a common case of not having any
+   non-local pack and/or any .kept pack.
+
+ * The t3700 test about "add --chmod=-x" have been made a bit more
+   robust and generally cleaned up.
+   (merge 766cdc4 ib/t3700-add-chmod-x-updates later to maint).
+
+ * The build procedure learned PAGER_ENV knob that lists what default
+   environment variable settings to export for popular pagers.  This
+   mechanism is used to tweak the default settings to MORE on FreeBSD.
+   (merge 995bc22 ew/build-time-pager-tweaks later to maint).
+
+ * The http-backend (the server-side component of smart-http
+   transport) used to trickle the HTTP header one at a time.  Now
+   these write(2)s are batched.
+   (merge b36045c ew/http-backend-batch-headers later to maint).
+
+ * When "git rebase" tries to compare set of changes on the updated
+   upstream and our own branch, it computes patch-id for all of these
+   changes and attempts to find matches. This has been optimized by
+   lazily computing the full patch-id (which is expensive) to be
+   compared only for changes that touch the same set of paths.
+   (merge ba67504 kw/patch-ids-optim later to maint).
+
+ * A handful of tests that were broken under gettext-poison build have
+   been fixed.
+
+ * The recent i18n patch we added during this cycle did a bit too much
+   refactoring of the messages to avoid word-legos; the repetition has
+   been reduced to help translators.
+
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v2.9
+----------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.8 in the maintenance
+track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
+notes for details).
+
+ * The commands in `git log` family take %C(auto) in a custom format
+   string.  This unconditionally turned the color on, ignoring
+   --no-color or with --color=auto when the output is not connected to
+   a tty; this was corrected to make the format truly behave as
+   "auto".
+
+ * "git rev-list --count" whose walk-length is limited with "-n"
+   option did not work well with the counting optimized to look at the
+   bitmap index.
+
+ * "git show -W" (extend hunks to cover the entire function, delimited
+   by lines that match the "funcname" pattern) used to show the entire
+   file when a change added an entire function at the end of the file,
+   which has been fixed.
+
+ * The documentation set has been updated so that literal commands,
+   configuration variables and environment variables are consistently
+   typeset in fixed-width font and bold in manpages.
+
+ * "git svn propset" subcommand that was added in 2.3 days is
+   documented now.
+
+ * The documentation tries to consistently spell "GPG"; when
+   referring to the specific program name, "gpg" is used.
+
+ * "git reflog" stopped upon seeing an entry that denotes a branch
+   creation event (aka "unborn"), which made it appear as if the
+   reflog was truncated.
+
+ * The git-prompt scriptlet (in contrib/) was not friendly with those
+   who uses "set -u", which has been fixed.
+
+ * compat/regex code did not cleanly compile.
+
+ * A codepath that used alloca(3) to place an unbounded amount of data
+   on the stack has been updated to avoid doing so.
+
+ * "git update-index --add --chmod=+x file" may be usable as an escape
+   hatch, but not a friendly thing to force for people who do need to
+   use it regularly.  "git add --chmod=+x file" can be used instead.
+
+ * Build improvements for gnome-keyring (in contrib/)
+
+ * "git status" used to say "working directory" when it meant "working
+   tree".
+
+ * Comments about misbehaving FreeBSD shells have been clarified with
+   the version number (9.x and before are broken, newer ones are OK).
+
+ * "git cherry-pick A" worked on an unborn branch, but "git
+   cherry-pick A..B" didn't.
+
+ * Fix an unintended regression in v2.9 that breaks "clone --depth"
+   that recurses down to submodules by forcing the submodules to also
+   be cloned shallowly, which many server instances that host upstream
+   of the submodules are not prepared for.
+
+ * Fix unnecessarily waste in the idiomatic use of ': ${VAR=default}'
+   to set the default value, without enclosing it in double quotes.
+
+ * Some platform-specific code had non-ANSI strict declarations of C
+   functions that do not take any parameters, which has been
+   corrected.
+
+ * The internal code used to show local timezone offset is not
+   prepared to handle timestamps beyond year 2100, and gave a
+   bogus offset value to the caller.  Use a more benign looking
+   +0000 instead and let "git log" going in such a case, instead
+   of aborting.
+
+ * One among four invocations of readlink(1) in our test suite has
+   been rewritten so that the test can run on systems without the
+   command (others are in valgrind test framework and t9802).
+
+ * t/perf needs /usr/bin/time with GNU extension; the invocation of it
+   is updated to "gtime" on Darwin.
+
+ * A bug, which caused "git p4" while running under verbose mode to
+   report paths that are omitted due to branch prefix incorrectly, has
+   been fixed; the command said "Ignoring file outside of prefix" for
+   paths that are _inside_.
+
+ * The top level documentation "git help git" still pointed at the
+   documentation set hosted at now-defunct google-code repository.
+   Update it to point to https://git.github.io/htmldocs/git.html
+   instead.
+
+ * A helper function that takes the contents of a commit object and
+   finds its subject line did not ignore leading blank lines, as is
+   commonly done by other codepaths.  Make it ignore leading blank
+   lines to match.
+
+ * For a long time, we carried an in-code comment that said our
+   colored output would work only when we use fprintf/fputs on
+   Windows, which no longer is the case for the past few years.
+
+ * "gc.autoPackLimit" when set to 1 should not trigger a repacking
+   when there is only one pack, but the code counted poorly and did
+   so.
+
+ * Add a test to specify the desired behaviour that currently is not
+   available in "git rebase -Xsubtree=...".
+
+ * More mark-up updates to typeset strings that are expected to
+   literally typed by the end user in fixed-width font.
+
+ * "git commit --amend --allow-empty-message -S" for a commit without
+   any message body could have misidentified where the header of the
+   commit object ends.
+
+ * "git rebase -i --autostash" did not restore the auto-stashed change
+   when the operation was aborted.
+
+ * Git does not know what the contents in the index should be for a
+   path added with "git add -N" yet, so "git grep --cached" should not
+   show hits (or show lack of hits, with -L) in such a path, but that
+   logic does not apply to "git grep", i.e. searching in the working
+   tree files.  But we did so by mistake, which has been corrected.
+
+ * "git blame -M" missed a single line that was moved within the file.
+
+ * Fix recently introduced codepaths that are involved in parallel
+   submodule operations, which gave up on reading too early, and
+   could have wasted CPU while attempting to write under a corner
+   case condition.
+
+ * "git grep -i" has been taught to fold case in non-ascii locales
+   correctly.
+
+ * A test that unconditionally used "mktemp" learned that the command
+   is not necessarily available everywhere.
+
+ * There are certain house-keeping tasks that need to be performed at
+   the very beginning of any Git program, and programs that are not
+   built-in commands had to do them exactly the same way as "git"
+   potty does.  It was easy to make mistakes in one-off standalone
+   programs (like test helpers).  A common "main()" function that
+   calls cmd_main() of individual program has been introduced to
+   make it harder to make mistakes.
+   (merge de61ceb jk/common-main later to maint).
+
+ * The test framework learned a new helper test_match_signal to
+   check an exit code from getting killed by an expected signal.
+
+ * General code clean-up around a helper function to write a
+   single-liner to a file.
+   (merge 7eb6e10 jk/write-file later to maint).
+
+ * One part of "git am" had an oddball helper function that called
+   stuff from outside "his" as opposed to calling what we have "ours",
+   which was not gender-neutral and also inconsistent with the rest of
+   the system where outside stuff is usuall called "theirs" in
+   contrast to "ours".
+
+ * "git blame file" allowed the lineage of lines in the uncommitted,
+   unadded contents of "file" to be inspected, but it refused when
+   "file" did not appear in the current commit.  When "file" was
+   created by renaming an existing file (but the change has not been
+   committed), this restriction was unnecessarily tight.
+
+ * "git add -N dir/file && git write-tree" produced an incorrect tree
+   when there are other paths in the same directory that sorts after
+   "file".
+
+ * "git fetch http://user:pass@host/repo..." scrubbed the userinfo
+   part, but "git push" didn't.
+
+ * "git merge" with renormalization did not work well with
+   merge-recursive, due to "safer crlf" conversion kicking in when it
+   shouldn't.
+   (merge 1335d76 jc/renormalize-merge-kill-safer-crlf later to maint).
+
+ * The use of strbuf in "git rm" to build filename to remove was a bit
+   suboptimal, which has been fixed.
+
+ * An age old bug that caused "git diff --ignore-space-at-eol"
+   misbehave has been fixed.
+
+ * "git notes merge" had a code to see if a path exists (and fails if
+   it does) and then open the path for writing (when it doesn't).
+   Replace it with open with O_EXCL.
+
+ * "git pack-objects" and "git index-pack" mostly operate with off_t
+   when talking about the offset of objects in a packfile, but there
+   were a handful of places that used "unsigned long" to hold that
+   value, leading to an unintended truncation.
+
+ * Recent update to "git daemon" tries to enable the socket-level
+   KEEPALIVE, but when it is spawned via inetd, the standard input
+   file descriptor may not necessarily be connected to a socket.
+   Suppress an ENOTSOCK error from setsockopt().
+
+ * Recent FreeBSD stopped making perl available at /usr/bin/perl;
+   switch the default the built-in path to /usr/local/bin/perl on not
+   too ancient FreeBSD releases.
+
+ * "git commit --help" said "--no-verify" is only about skipping the
+   pre-commit hook, and failed to say that it also skipped the
+   commit-msg hook.
+
+ * "git merge" in Git v2.9 was taught to forbid merging an unrelated
+   lines of history by default, but that is exactly the kind of thing
+   the "--rejoin" mode of "git subtree" (in contrib/) wants to do.
+   "git subtree" has been taught to use the "--allow-unrelated-histories"
+   option to override the default.
+
+ * The build procedure for "git persistent-https" helper (in contrib/)
+   has been updated so that it can be built with more recent versions
+   of Go.
+
+ * There is an optimization used in "git diff $treeA $treeB" to borrow
+   an already checked-out copy in the working tree when it is known to
+   be the same as the blob being compared, expecting that open/mmap of
+   such a file is faster than reading it from the object store, which
+   involves inflating and applying delta.  This however kicked in even
+   when the checked-out copy needs to go through the convert-to-git
+   conversion (including the clean filter), which defeats the whole
+   point of the optimization.  The optimization has been disabled when
+   the conversion is necessary.
+
+ * "git -c grep.patternType=extended log --basic-regexp" misbehaved
+   because the internal API to access the grep machinery was not
+   designed well.
+
+ * Windows port was failing some tests in t4130, due to the lack of
+   inum in the returned values by its lstat(2) emulation.
+
+ * The reflog output format is documented better, and a new format
+   --date=unix to report the seconds-since-epoch (without timezone)
+   has been added.
+   (merge 442f6fd jk/reflog-date later to maint).
+
+ * "git difftool <paths>..." started in a subdirectory failed to
+   interpret the paths relative to that directory, which has been
+   fixed.
+
+ * The characters in the label shown for tags/refs for commits in
+   "gitweb" output are now properly escaped for proper HTML output.
+
+ * FreeBSD can lie when asked mtime of a directory, which made the
+   untracked cache code to fall back to a slow-path, which in turn
+   caused tests in t7063 to fail because it wanted to verify the
+   behaviour of the fast-path.
+
+ * Squelch compiler warnings for nedmalloc (in compat/) library.
+
+ * A small memory leak in the command line parsing of "git blame"
+   has been plugged.
+
+ * The API documentation for hashmap was unclear if hashmap_entry
+   can be safely discarded without any other consideration.  State
+   that it is safe to do so.
+
+ * Not-so-recent rewrite of "git am" that started making internal
+   calls into the commit machinery had an unintended regression, in
+   that no matter how many seconds it took to apply many patches, the
+   resulting committer timestamp for the resulting commits were all
+   the same.
+
+ * "git push --force-with-lease" already had enough logic to allow
+   ensuring that such a push results in creation of a ref (i.e. the
+   receiving end did not have another push from sideways that would be
+   discarded by our force-pushing), but didn't expose this possibility
+   to the users.  It does so now.
+   (merge 9eed4f3 jk/push-force-with-lease-creation later to maint).
+
+ * The mechanism to limit the pack window memory size, when packing is
+   done using multiple threads (which is the default), is per-thread,
+   but this was not documented clearly.
+   (merge 954176c ms/document-pack-window-memory-is-per-thread later to maint).
+
+ * "import-tars" fast-import script (in contrib/) used to ignore a
+   hardlink target and replaced it with an empty file, which has been
+   corrected to record the same blob as the other file the hardlink is
+   shared with.
+   (merge 04e0869 js/import-tars-hardlinks later to maint).
+
+ * "git mv dir non-existing-dir/" did not work in some environments
+   the same way as existing mainstream platforms.  The code now moves
+   "dir" to "non-existing-dir", without relying on rename("A", "B/")
+   that strips the trailing slash of '/'.
+   (merge 189d035 js/mv-dir-to-new-directory later to maint).
+
+ * The "t/" hierarchy is prone to get an unusual pathname; "make test"
+   has been taught to make sure they do not contain paths that cannot
+   be checked out on Windows (and the mechanism can be reusable to
+   catch pathnames that are not portable to other platforms as need
+   arises).
+   (merge c2cafd3 js/test-lint-pathname later to maint).
+
+ * When "git merge-recursive" works on history with many criss-cross
+   merges in "verbose" mode, the names the command assigns to the
+   virtual merge bases could have overwritten each other by unintended
+   reuse of the same piece of memory.
+   (merge 5447a76 rs/pull-signed-tag later to maint).
+
+ * "git checkout --detach <branch>" used to give the same advice
+   message as that is issued when "git checkout <tag>" (or anything
+   that is not a branch name) is given, but asking with "--detach" is
+   an explicit enough sign that the user knows what is going on.  The
+   advice message has been squelched in this case.
+   (merge 779b88a sb/checkout-explit-detach-no-advice later to maint).
+
+ * "git difftool" by default ignores the error exit from the backend
+   commands it spawns, because often they signal that they found
+   differences by exiting with a non-zero status code just like "diff"
+   does; the exit status codes 126 and above however are special in
+   that they are used to signal that the command is not executable,
+   does not exist, or killed by a signal.  "git difftool" has been
+   taught to notice these exit status codes.
+   (merge 45a4f5d jk/difftool-command-not-found later to maint).
+
+ * On Windows, help.browser configuration variable used to be ignored,
+   which has been corrected.
+   (merge 6db5967 js/no-html-bypass-on-windows later to maint).
+
+ * The "git -c var[=val] cmd" facility to append a configuration
+   variable definition at the end of the search order was described in
+   git(1) manual page, but not in git-config(1), which was more likely
+   place for people to look for when they ask "can I make a one-shot
+   override, and if so how?"
+   (merge ae1f709 dg/document-git-c-in-git-config-doc later to maint).
+
+ * The tempfile (hence its user lockfile) API lets the caller to open
+   a file descriptor to a temporary file, write into it and then
+   finalize it by first closing the filehandle and then either
+   removing or renaming the temporary file.  When the process spawns a
+   subprocess after obtaining the file descriptor, and if the
+   subprocess has not exited when the attempt to remove or rename is
+   made, the last step fails on Windows, because the subprocess has
+   the file descriptor still open.  Open tempfile with O_CLOEXEC flag
+   to avoid this (on Windows, this is mapped to O_NOINHERIT).
+   (merge 05d1ed6 bw/mingw-avoid-inheriting-fd-to-lockfile later to maint).
+
+ * Correct an age-old calco (is that a typo-like word for calc)
+   in the documentation.
+   (merge 7841c48 ls/packet-line-protocol-doc-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Other minor clean-ups and documentation updates
+   (merge 02a8cfa rs/merge-add-strategies-simplification later to maint).
+   (merge af4941d rs/merge-recursive-string-list-init later to maint).
+   (merge 1eb47f1 rs/use-strbuf-add-unique-abbrev later to maint).
+   (merge ddd0bfa jk/tighten-alloc later to maint).
+   (merge ecf30b2 rs/mailinfo-lib later to maint).
+   (merge 0eb75ce sg/reflog-past-root later to maint).
+   (merge 4369523 hv/doc-commit-reference-style later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..70462f7f7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+Git v2.10.1 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.10
+-----------------
+
+ * Clarify various ways to specify the "revision ranges" in the
+   documentation.
+
+ * "diff-highlight" script (in contrib/) learned to work better with
+   "git log -p --graph" output.
+
+ * The test framework left the number of tests and success/failure
+   count in the t/test-results directory, keyed by the name of the
+   test script plus the process ID.  The latter however turned out not
+   to serve any useful purpose.  The process ID part of the filename
+   has been removed.
+
+ * Having a submodule whose ".git" repository is somehow corrupt
+   caused a few commands that recurse into submodules loop forever.
+
+ * "git symbolic-ref -d HEAD" happily removes the symbolic ref, but
+   the resulting repository becomes an invalid one.  Teach the command
+   to forbid removal of HEAD.
+
+ * A test spawned a short-lived background process, which sometimes
+   prevented the test directory from getting removed at the end of the
+   script on some platforms.
+
+ * Update a few tests that used to use GIT_CURL_VERBOSE to use the
+   newer GIT_TRACE_CURL.
+
+ * Update Japanese translation for "git-gui".
+
+ * "git fetch http::/site/path" did not die correctly and segfaulted
+   instead.
+
+ * "git commit-tree" stopped reading commit.gpgsign configuration
+   variable that was meant for Porcelain "git commit" in Git 2.9; we
+   forgot to update "git gui" to look at the configuration to match
+   this change.
+
+ * "git log --cherry-pick" used to include merge commits as candidates
+   to be matched up with other commits, resulting a lot of wasted time.
+   The patch-id generation logic has been updated to ignore merges to
+   avoid the wastage.
+
+ * The http transport (with curl-multi option, which is the default
+   these days) failed to remove curl-easy handle from a curlm session,
+   which led to unnecessary API failures.
+
+ * "git diff -W" output needs to extend the context backward to
+   include the header line of the current function and also forward to
+   include the body of the entire current function up to the header
+   line of the next one.  This process may have to merge to adjacent
+   hunks, but the code forgot to do so in some cases.
+
+ * Performance tests done via "t/perf" did not use the same set of
+   build configuration if the user relied on autoconf generated
+   configuration.
+
+ * "git format-patch --base=..." feature that was recently added
+   showed the base commit information after "-- " e-mail signature
+   line, which turned out to be inconvenient.  The base information
+   has been moved above the signature line.
+
+ * Even when "git pull --rebase=preserve" (and the underlying "git
+   rebase --preserve") can complete without creating any new commit
+   (i.e. fast-forwards), it still insisted on having a usable ident
+   information (read: user.email is set correctly), which was less
+   than nice.  As the underlying commands used inside "git rebase"
+   would fail with a more meaningful error message and advice text
+   when the bogus ident matters, this extra check was removed.
+
+ * "git gc --aggressive" used to limit the delta-chain length to 250,
+   which is way too deep for gaining additional space savings and is
+   detrimental for runtime performance.  The limit has been reduced to
+   50.
+
+ * Documentation for individual configuration variables to control use
+   of color (like `color.grep`) said that their default value is
+   'false', instead of saying their default is taken from `color.ui`.
+   When we updated the default value for color.ui from 'false' to
+   'auto' quite a while ago, all of them broke.  This has been
+   corrected.
+
+ * A shell script example in check-ref-format documentation has been
+   fixed.
+
+ * "git checkout <word>" does not follow the usual disambiguation
+   rules when the <word> can be both a rev and a path, to allow
+   checking out a branch 'foo' in a project that happens to have a
+   file 'foo' in the working tree without having to disambiguate.
+   This was poorly documented and the check was incorrect when the
+   command was run from a subdirectory.
+
+ * Some codepaths in "git diff" used regexec(3) on a buffer that was
+   mmap(2)ed, which may not have a terminating NUL, leading to a read
+   beyond the end of the mapped region.  This was fixed by introducing
+   a regexec_buf() helper that takes a <ptr,len> pair with REG_STARTEND
+   extension.
+
+ * The procedure to build Git on Mac OS X for Travis CI hardcoded the
+   internal directory structure we assumed HomeBrew uses, which was a
+   no-no.  The procedure has been updated to ask HomeBrew things we
+   need to know to fix this.
+
+ * When "git rebase -i" is given a broken instruction, it told the
+   user to fix it with "--edit-todo", but didn't say what the step
+   after that was (i.e. "--continue").
+
+ * "git add --chmod=+x" added recently lacked documentation, which has
+   been corrected.
+
+ * "git add --chmod=+x <pathspec>" added recently only toggled the
+   executable bit for paths that are either new or modified. This has
+   been corrected to flip the executable bit for all paths that match
+   the given pathspec.
+
+ * "git pack-objects --include-tag" was taught that when we know that
+   we are sending an object C, we want a tag B that directly points at
+   C but also a tag A that points at the tag B.  We used to miss the
+   intermediate tag B in some cases.
+
+ * Documentation around tools to import from CVS was fairly outdated.
+
+ * In the codepath that comes up with the hostname to be used in an
+   e-mail when the user didn't tell us, we looked at ai_canonname
+   field in struct addrinfo without making sure it is not NULL first.
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c4d4397023
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+Git v2.10.2 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.10.1
+-------------------
+
+ * The code that parses the format parameter of for-each-ref command
+   has seen a micro-optimization.
+
+ * The "graph" API used in "git log --graph" miscounted the number of
+   output columns consumed so far when drawing a padding line, which
+   has been fixed; this did not affect any existing code as nobody
+   tried to write anything after the padding on such a line, though.
+
+ * Almost everybody uses DEFAULT_ABBREV to refer to the default
+   setting for the abbreviation, but "git blame" peeked into
+   underlying variable bypassing the macro for no good reason.
+
+ * Doc update to clarify what "log -3 --reverse" does.
+
+ * An author name, that spelled a backslash-quoted double quote in the
+   human readable part "My \"double quoted\" name", was not unquoted
+   correctly while applying a patch from a piece of e-mail.
+
+ * The original command line syntax for "git merge", which was "git
+   merge <msg> HEAD <parent>...", has been deprecated for quite some
+   time, and "git gui" was the last in-tree user of the syntax.  This
+   is finally fixed, so that we can move forward with the deprecation.
+
+ * Codepaths that read from an on-disk loose object were too loose in
+   validating what they are reading is a proper object file and
+   sometimes read past the data they read from the disk, which has
+   been corrected.  H/t to Gustavo Grieco for reporting.
+
+ * "git worktree", even though it used the default_abbrev setting that
+   ought to be affected by core.abbrev configuration variable, ignored
+   the variable setting.  The command has been taught to read the
+   default set of configuration variables to correct this.
+
+ * A low-level function verify_packfile() was meant to show errors
+   that were detected without dying itself, but under some conditions
+   it didn't and died instead, which has been fixed.
+
+ * When "git fetch" tries to find where the history of the repository
+   it runs in has diverged from what the other side has, it has a
+   mechanism to avoid digging too deep into irrelevant side branches.
+   This however did not work well over the "smart-http" transport due
+   to a design bug, which has been fixed.
+
+ * When we started cURL to talk to imap server when a new enough
+   version of cURL library is available, we forgot to explicitly add
+   imap(s):// before the destination.  To some folks, that didn't work
+   and the library tried to make HTTP(s) requests instead.
+
+ * The ./configure script generated from configure.ac was taught how
+   to detect support of SSL by libcurl better.
+
+ * http.emptyauth configuration is a way to allow an empty username to
+   pass when attempting to authenticate using mechanisms like
+   Kerberos.  We took an unspecified (NULL) username and sent ":"
+   (i.e. no username, no password) to CURLOPT_USERPWD, but did not do
+   the same when the username is explicitly set to an empty string.
+
+ * "git clone" of a local repository can be done at the filesystem
+   level, but the codepath did not check errors while copying and
+   adjusting the file that lists alternate object stores.
+
+ * Documentation for "git commit" was updated to clarify that "commit
+   -p <paths>" adds to the current contents of the index to come up
+   with what to commit.
+
+ * A stray symbolic link in $GIT_DIR/refs/ directory could make name
+   resolution loop forever, which has been corrected.
+
+ * The "submodule.<name>.path" stored in .gitmodules is never copied
+   to .git/config and such a key in .git/config has no meaning, but
+   the documentation described it and submodule.<name>.url next to
+   each other as if both belong to .git/config.  This has been fixed.
+
+ * Recent git allows submodule.<name>.branch to use a special token
+   "." instead of the branch name; the documentation has been updated
+   to describe it.
+
+ * In a worktree connected to a repository elsewhere, created via "git
+   worktree", "git checkout" attempts to protect users from confusion
+   by refusing to check out a branch that is already checked out in
+   another worktree.  However, this also prevented checking out a
+   branch, which is designated as the primary branch of a bare
+   reopsitory, in a worktree that is connected to the bare
+   repository.  The check has been corrected to allow it.
+
+ * "git rebase" immediately after "git clone" failed to find the fork
+   point from the upstream.
+
+ * When fetching from a remote that has many tags that are irrelevant
+   to branches we are following, we used to waste way too many cycles
+   when checking if the object pointed at by a tag (that we are not
+   going to fetch!) exists in our repository too carefully.
+
+ * The Travis CI configuration we ship ran the tests with --verbose
+   option but this risks non-TAP output that happens to be "ok" to be
+   misinterpreted as TAP signalling a test that passed.  This resulted
+   in unnecessary failure.  This has been corrected by introducing a
+   new mode to run our tests in the test harness to send the verbose
+   output separately to the log file.
+
+ * Some AsciiDoc formatter mishandles a displayed illustration with
+   tabs in it.  Adjust a few of them in merge-base documentation to
+   work around them.
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ad6a01bf83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+Git v2.10.3 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.10.2
+-------------------
+
+ * Extract a small helper out of the function that reads the authors
+   script file "git am" internally uses.
+   This by itself is not useful until a second caller appears in the
+   future for "rebase -i" helper.
+
+ * The command-line completion script (in contrib/) learned to
+   complete "git cmd ^mas<HT>" to complete the negative end of
+   reference to "git cmd ^master".
+
+ * "git send-email" attempts to pick up valid e-mails from the
+   trailers, but people in real world write non-addresses there, like
+   "Cc: Stable <add@re.ss> # 4.8+", which broke the output depending
+   on the availability and vintage of Mail::Address perl module.
+
+ * The code that we have used for the past 10+ years to cycle
+   4-element ring buffers turns out to be not quite portable in
+   theoretical world.
+
+ * "git daemon" used fixed-length buffers to turn URL to the
+   repository the client asked for into the server side directory
+   path, using snprintf() to avoid overflowing these buffers, but
+   allowed possibly truncated paths to the directory.  This has been
+   tightened to reject such a request that causes overlong path to be
+   required to serve.
+
+ * Recent update to git-sh-setup (a library of shell functions that
+   are used by our in-tree scripted Porcelain commands) included
+   another shell library git-sh-i18n without specifying where it is,
+   relying on the $PATH.  This has been fixed to be more explicit by
+   prefixing $(git --exec-path) output in front.
+
+ * Fix for a racy false-positive test failure.
+
+ * Portability update and workaround for builds on recent Mac OS X.
+
+ * Update to the test framework made in 2.9 timeframe broke running
+   the tests under valgrind, which has been fixed.
+
+ * Improve the rule to convert "unsigned char [20]" into "struct
+   object_id *" in contrib/coccinelle/
+
+ * "git-shell" rejects a request to serve a repository whose name
+   begins with a dash, which makes it no longer possible to get it
+   confused into spawning service programs like "git-upload-pack" with
+   an option like "--help", which in turn would spawn an interactive
+   pager, instead of working with the repository user asked to access
+   (i.e. the one whose name is "--help").
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ee8142ad24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Git v2.10.4 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release forward-ports the fix for "ssh://..." URL from Git v2.7.6
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a498fd6fdc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+Git v2.10.5 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.10.4
+-------------------
+
+ * "git cvsserver" no longer is invoked by "git daemon" by default,
+   as it is old and largely unmaintained.
+
+ * Various Perl scripts did not use safe_pipe_capture() instead of
+   backticks, leaving them susceptible to end-user input.  They have
+   been corrected.
+
+Credits go to joernchen <joernchen@phenoelit.de> for finding the
+unsafe constructs in "git cvsserver", and to Jeff King at GitHub for
+finding and fixing instances of the same issue in other scripts.
+
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b7b7dd361e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,593 @@
+Git 2.11 Release Notes
+======================
+
+Backward compatibility notes.
+
+ * An empty string used as a pathspec element has always meant
+   'everything matches', but it is too easy to write a script that
+   finds a path to remove in $path and run 'git rm "$paht"' by
+   mistake (when the user meant to give "$path"), which ends up
+   removing everything.  This release starts warning about the
+   use of an empty string that is used for 'everything matches' and
+   asks users to use a more explicit '.' for that instead.
+
+   The hope is that existing users will not mind this change, and
+   eventually the warning can be turned into a hard error, upgrading
+   the deprecation into removal of this (mis)feature.
+
+ * The historical argument order "git merge <msg> HEAD <commit>..."
+   has been deprecated for quite some time, and will be removed in the
+   next release (not this one).
+
+ * The default abbreviation length, which has historically been 7, now
+   scales as the repository grows, using the approximate number of
+   objects in the repository and a bit of math around the birthday
+   paradox.  The logic suggests to use 12 hexdigits for the Linux
+   kernel, and 9 to 10 for Git itself.
+
+
+Updates since v2.10
+-------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * Comes with new version of git-gui, now at its 0.21.0 tag.
+
+ * "git format-patch --cover-letter HEAD^" to format a single patch
+   with a separate cover letter now numbers the output as [PATCH 0/1]
+   and [PATCH 1/1] by default.
+
+ * An incoming "git push" that attempts to push too many bytes can now
+   be rejected by setting a new configuration variable at the receiving
+   end.
+
+ * "git nosuchcommand --help" said "No manual entry for gitnosuchcommand",
+   which was not intuitive, given that "git nosuchcommand" said "git:
+   'nosuchcommand' is not a git command".
+
+ * "git clone --recurse-submodules --reference $path $URL" is a way to
+   reduce network transfer cost by borrowing objects in an existing
+   $path repository when cloning the superproject from $URL; it
+   learned to also peek into $path for presence of corresponding
+   repositories of submodules and borrow objects from there when able.
+
+ * The "git diff --submodule={short,log}" mechanism has been enhanced
+   to allow "--submodule=diff" to show the patch between the submodule
+   commits bound to the superproject.
+
+ * Even though "git hash-objects", which is a tool to take an
+   on-filesystem data stream and put it into the Git object store,
+   can perform "outside-world-to-Git" conversions (e.g.
+   end-of-line conversions and application of the clean-filter), and
+   it has had this feature on by default from very early days, its reverse
+   operation "git cat-file", which takes an object from the Git object
+   store and externalizes it for consumption by the outside world,
+   lacked an equivalent mechanism to run the "Git-to-outside-world"
+   conversion.  The command learned the "--filters" option to do so.
+
+ * Output from "git diff" can be made easier to read by intelligently selecting
+   which lines are common and which lines are added/deleted
+   when the lines before and after the changed section
+   are the same.  A command line option (--indent-heuristic) and a
+   configuration variable (diff.indentHeuristic) are added to help with the
+   experiment to find good heuristics.
+
+ * In some projects, it is common to use "[RFC PATCH]" as the subject
+   prefix for a patch meant for discussion rather than application.  A
+   new format-patch option "--rfc" is a short-hand for "--subject-prefix=RFC PATCH"
+   to help the participants of such projects.
+
+ * "git add --chmod={+,-}x <pathspec>" only changed the
+   executable bit for paths that are either new or modified. This has
+   been corrected to change the executable bit for all paths that match
+   the given pathspec.
+
+ * When "git format-patch --stdout" output is placed as an in-body
+   header and it uses RFC2822 header folding, "git am" fails to
+   put the header line back into a single logical line.  The
+   underlying "git mailinfo" was taught to handle this properly.
+
+ * "gitweb" can spawn "highlight" to show blob contents with
+   (programming) language-specific syntax highlighting, but only
+   when the language is known.  "highlight" can however be told
+   to guess the language itself by giving it "--force" option, which
+   has been enabled.
+
+ * "git gui" l10n to Portuguese.
+
+ * When given an abbreviated object name that is not (or more
+   realistically, "no longer") unique, we gave a fatal error
+   "ambiguous argument".  This error is now accompanied by a hint that
+   lists the objects beginning with the given prefix.  During the
+   course of development of this new feature, numerous minor bugs were
+   uncovered and corrected, the most notable one of which is that we
+   gave "short SHA1 xxxx is ambiguous." twice without good reason.
+
+ * "git log rev^..rev" is an often-used revision range specification
+   to show what was done on a side branch merged at rev.  This has
+   gained a short-hand "rev^-1".  In general "rev^-$n" is the same as
+   "^rev^$n rev", i.e. what has happened on other branches while the
+   history leading to nth parent was looking the other way.
+
+ * In recent versions of cURL, GSSAPI credential delegation is
+   disabled by default due to CVE-2011-2192; introduce a http.delegation
+   configuration variable to selectively allow enabling this.
+   (merge 26a7b23429 ps/http-gssapi-cred-delegation later to maint).
+
+ * "git mergetool" learned to honor "-O<orderfile>" to control the
+   order of paths to present to the end user.
+
+ * "git diff/log --ws-error-highlight=<kind>" lacked the corresponding
+   configuration variable (diff.wsErrorHighlight) to set it by default.
+
+ * "git ls-files" learned the "--recurse-submodules" option
+   to get a listing of tracked files across submodules (i.e. this
+   only works with the "--cached" option, not for listing untracked or
+   ignored files).  This would be a useful tool to sit on the upstream
+   side of a pipe that is read with xargs to work on all working tree
+   files from the top-level superproject.
+
+ * A new credential helper that talks via "libsecret" with
+   implementations of XDG Secret Service API has been added to
+   contrib/credential/.
+
+ * The GPG verification status shown by the "%G?" pretty format specifier
+   was not rich enough to differentiate a signature made by an expired
+   key, a signature made by a revoked key, etc.  New output letters
+   have been assigned to express them.
+
+ * In addition to purely abbreviated commit object names, "gitweb"
+   learned to turn "git describe" output (e.g. v2.9.3-599-g2376d31787)
+   into clickable links in its output.
+
+ * "git commit" created an empty commit when invoked with an index
+   consisting solely of intend-to-add paths (added with "git add -N").
+   It now requires the "--allow-empty" option to create such a commit.
+   The same logic prevented "git status" from showing such paths as "new files" in the
+   "Changes not staged for commit" section.
+
+ * The smudge/clean filter API spawns an external process
+   to filter the contents of each path that has a filter defined.  A
+   new type of "process" filter API has been added to allow the first
+   request to run the filter for a path to spawn a single process, and
+   all filtering is served by this single process for multiple
+   paths, reducing the process creation overhead.
+
+ * The user always has to say "stash@{$N}" when naming a single
+   element in the default location of the stash, i.e. reflogs in
+   refs/stash.  The "git stash" command learned to accept "git stash
+   apply 4" as a short-hand for "git stash apply stash@{4}".
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
+
+ * The delta-base-cache mechanism has been a key to the performance in
+   a repository with a tightly packed packfile, but it did not scale
+   well even with a larger value of core.deltaBaseCacheLimit.
+
+ * Enhance "git status --porcelain" output by collecting more data on
+   the state of the index and the working tree files, which may
+   further be used to teach git-prompt (in contrib/) to make fewer
+   calls to git.
+
+ * Extract a small helper out of the function that reads the authors
+   script file "git am" internally uses.
+   (merge a77598e jc/am-read-author-file later to maint).
+
+ * Lift calls to exit(2) and die() higher in the callchain in
+   sequencer.c files so that more helper functions in it can be used
+   by callers that want to handle error conditions themselves.
+
+ * "git am" has been taught to make an internal call to "git apply"'s
+   innards without spawning the latter as a separate process.
+
+ * The ref-store abstraction was introduced to the refs API so that we
+   can plug in different backends to store references.
+
+ * The "unsigned char sha1[20]" to "struct object_id" conversion
+   continues.  Notable changes in this round includes that ce->sha1,
+   i.e. the object name recorded in the cache_entry, turns into an
+   object_id.
+
+ * JGit can show a fake ref "capabilities^{}" to "git fetch" when it
+   does not advertise any refs, but "git fetch" was not prepared to
+   see such an advertisement.  When the other side disconnects without
+   giving any ref advertisement, we used to say "there may not be a
+   repository at that URL", but we may have seen other advertisements
+   like "shallow" and ".have" in which case we definitely know that a
+   repository is there.  The code to detect this case has also been
+   updated.
+
+ * Some codepaths in "git pack-objects" were not ready to use an
+   existing pack bitmap; now they are and as a result they have
+   become faster.
+
+ * The codepath in "git fsck" to detect malformed tree objects has
+   been updated not to die but keep going after detecting them.
+
+ * We call "qsort(array, nelem, sizeof(array[0]), fn)", and most of
+   the time third parameter is redundant.  A new QSORT() macro lets us
+   omit it.
+
+ * "git pack-objects" in a repository with many packfiles used to
+   spend a lot of time looking for/at objects in them; the accesses to
+   the packfiles are now optimized by checking the most-recently-used
+   packfile first.
+   (merge c9af708b1a jk/pack-objects-optim-mru later to maint).
+
+ * Codepaths involved in interacting alternate object stores have
+   been cleaned up.
+
+ * In order for the receiving end of "git push" to inspect the
+   received history and decide to reject the push, the objects sent
+   from the sending end need to be made available to the hook and
+   the mechanism for the connectivity check, and this was done
+   traditionally by storing the objects in the receiving repository
+   and letting "git gc" expire them.  Instead, store the newly
+   received objects in a temporary area, and make them available by
+   reusing the alternate object store mechanism to them only while we
+   decide if we accept the check, and once we decide, either migrate
+   them to the repository or purge them immediately.
+
+ * The require_clean_work_tree() helper was recreated in C when "git
+   pull" was rewritten from shell; the helper is now made available to
+   other callers in preparation for upcoming "rebase -i" work.
+
+ * "git upload-pack" had its code cleaned-up and performance improved
+   by reducing use of timestamp-ordered commit-list, which was
+   replaced with a priority queue.
+
+ * "git diff --no-index" codepath has been updated not to try to peek
+   into a .git/ directory that happens to be under the current
+   directory, when we know we are operating outside any repository.
+
+ * Update of the sequencer codebase to make it reusable to reimplement
+   "rebase -i" continues.
+
+ * Git generally does not explicitly close file descriptors that were
+   open in the parent process when spawning a child process, but most
+   of the time the child does not want to access them. As Windows does
+   not allow removing or renaming a file that has a file descriptor
+   open, a slow-to-exit child can even break the parent process by
+   holding onto them.  Use O_CLOEXEC flag to open files in various
+   codepaths.
+
+ * Update "interpret-trailers" machinery and teach it that people in
+   the real world write all sorts of cruft in the "trailer" that was
+   originally designed to have the neat-o "Mail-Header: like thing"
+   and nothing else.
+
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v2.10
+-----------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.9 in the maintenance
+track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
+notes for details).
+
+ * Clarify various ways to specify the "revision ranges" in the
+   documentation.
+
+ * "diff-highlight" script (in contrib/) learned to work better with
+   "git log -p --graph" output.
+
+ * The test framework left the number of tests and success/failure
+   count in the t/test-results directory, keyed by the name of the
+   test script plus the process ID.  The latter however turned out not
+   to serve any useful purpose.  The process ID part of the filename
+   has been removed.
+
+ * Having a submodule whose ".git" repository is somehow corrupt
+   caused a few commands that recurse into submodules to loop forever.
+
+ * "git symbolic-ref -d HEAD" happily removes the symbolic ref, but
+   the resulting repository becomes an invalid one.  Teach the command
+   to forbid removal of HEAD.
+
+ * A test spawned a short-lived background process, which sometimes
+   prevented the test directory from getting removed at the end of the
+   script on some platforms.
+
+ * Update a few tests that used to use GIT_CURL_VERBOSE to use the
+   newer GIT_TRACE_CURL.
+
+ * "git pack-objects --include-tag" was taught that when we know that
+   we are sending an object C, we want a tag B that directly points at
+   C but also a tag A that points at the tag B.  We used to miss the
+   intermediate tag B in some cases.
+
+ * Update Japanese translation for "git-gui".
+
+ * "git fetch http::/site/path" did not die correctly and segfaulted
+   instead.
+
+ * "git commit-tree" stopped reading commit.gpgsign configuration
+   variable that was meant for Porcelain "git commit" in Git 2.9; we
+   forgot to update "git gui" to look at the configuration to match
+   this change.
+
+ * "git add --chmod={+,-}x" added recently lacked documentation, which has
+   been corrected.
+
+ * "git log --cherry-pick" used to include merge commits as candidates
+   to be matched up with other commits, resulting a lot of wasted time.
+   The patch-id generation logic has been updated to ignore merges and
+   avoid the wastage.
+
+ * The http transport (with curl-multi option, which is the default
+   these days) failed to remove curl-easy handle from a curlm session,
+   which led to unnecessary API failures.
+
+ * There were numerous corner cases in which the configuration files
+   are read and used or not read at all depending on the directory a
+   Git command was run, leading to inconsistent behaviour.  The code
+   to set-up repository access at the beginning of a Git process has
+   been updated to fix them.
+   (merge 4d0efa1 jk/setup-sequence-update later to maint).
+
+ * "git diff -W" output needs to extend the context backward to
+   include the header line of the current function and also forward to
+   include the body of the entire current function up to the header
+   line of the next one.  This process may have to merge two adjacent
+   hunks, but the code forgot to do so in some cases.
+
+ * Performance tests done via "t/perf" did not use the right
+   build configuration if the user relied on autoconf generated
+   configuration.
+
+ * "git format-patch --base=..." feature that was recently added
+   showed the base commit information after the "-- " e-mail signature
+   line, which turned out to be inconvenient.  The base information
+   has been moved above the signature line.
+
+ * More i18n.
+
+ * Even when "git pull --rebase=preserve" (and the underlying "git
+   rebase --preserve") can complete without creating any new commits
+   (i.e. fast-forwards), it still insisted on having usable ident
+   information (read: user.email is set correctly), which was less
+   than nice.  As the underlying commands used inside "git rebase"
+   would fail with a more meaningful error message and advice text
+   when the bogus ident matters, this extra check was removed.
+
+ * "git gc --aggressive" used to limit the delta-chain length to 250,
+   which is way too deep for gaining additional space savings and is
+   detrimental for runtime performance.  The limit has been reduced to
+   50.
+
+ * Documentation for individual configuration variables to control use
+   of color (like `color.grep`) said that their default value is
+   'false', instead of saying their default is taken from `color.ui`.
+   When we updated the default value for color.ui from 'false' to
+   'auto' quite a while ago, all of them broke.  This has been
+   corrected.
+
+ * The pretty-format specifier "%C(auto)" used by the "log" family of
+   commands to enable coloring of the output is taught to also issue a
+   color-reset sequence to the output.
+
+ * A shell script example in check-ref-format documentation has been
+   fixed.
+
+ * "git checkout <word>" does not follow the usual disambiguation
+   rules when the <word> can be both a rev and a path, to allow
+   checking out a branch 'foo' in a project that happens to have a
+   file 'foo' in the working tree without having to disambiguate.
+   This was poorly documented and the check was incorrect when the
+   command was run from a subdirectory.
+
+ * Some codepaths in "git diff" used regexec(3) on a buffer that was
+   mmap(2)ed, which may not have a terminating NUL, leading to a read
+   beyond the end of the mapped region.  This was fixed by introducing
+   a regexec_buf() helper that takes a <ptr,len> pair with REG_STARTEND
+   extension.
+
+ * The procedure to build Git on Mac OS X for Travis CI hardcoded the
+   internal directory structure we assumed HomeBrew uses, which was a
+   no-no.  The procedure has been updated to ask HomeBrew things we
+   need to know to fix this.
+
+ * When "git rebase -i" is given a broken instruction, it told the
+   user to fix it with "--edit-todo", but didn't say what the step
+   after that was (i.e. "--continue").
+
+ * Documentation around tools to import from CVS was fairly outdated.
+
+ * "git clone --recurse-submodules" lost the progress eye-candy in
+   a recent update, which has been corrected.
+
+ * A low-level function verify_packfile() was meant to show errors
+   that were detected without dying itself, but under some conditions
+   it didn't and died instead, which has been fixed.
+
+ * When "git fetch" tries to find where the history of the repository
+   it runs in has diverged from what the other side has, it has a
+   mechanism to avoid digging too deep into irrelevant side branches.
+   This however did not work well over the "smart-http" transport due
+   to a design bug, which has been fixed.
+
+ * In the codepath that comes up with the hostname to be used in an
+   e-mail when the user didn't tell us, we looked at the ai_canonname
+   field in struct addrinfo without making sure it is not NULL first.
+
+ * "git worktree", even though it used the default_abbrev setting that
+   ought to be affected by the core.abbrev configuration variable, ignored
+   the variable setting.  The command has been taught to read the
+   default set of configuration variables to correct this.
+
+ * "git init" tried to record core.worktree in the repository's
+   'config' file when the GIT_WORK_TREE environment variable was set and
+   it was different from where GIT_DIR appears as ".git" at its top,
+   but the logic was faulty when .git is a "gitdir:" file that points
+   at the real place, causing trouble in working trees that are
+   managed by "git worktree".  This has been corrected.
+
+ * Codepaths that read from an on-disk loose object were too loose in
+   validating that they are reading a proper object file and
+   sometimes read past the data they read from the disk, which has
+   been corrected.  H/t to Gustavo Grieco for reporting.
+
+ * The original command line syntax for "git merge", which was "git
+   merge <msg> HEAD <parent>...", has been deprecated for quite some
+   time, and "git gui" was the last in-tree user of the syntax.  This
+   is finally fixed, so that we can move forward with the deprecation.
+
+ * An author name that has a backslash-quoted double quote in the
+   human readable part ("My \"double quoted\" name"), was not unquoted
+   correctly while applying a patch from a piece of e-mail.
+
+ * Doc update to clarify what "log -3 --reverse" does.
+
+ * Almost everybody uses DEFAULT_ABBREV to refer to the default
+   setting for the abbreviation, but "git blame" peeked into
+   underlying variable bypassing the macro for no good reason.
+
+ * The "graph" API used in "git log --graph" miscounted the number of
+   output columns consumed so far when drawing a padding line, which
+   has been fixed; this did not affect any existing code as nobody
+   tried to write anything after the padding on such a line, though.
+
+ * The code that parses the format parameter of the for-each-ref command
+   has seen a micro-optimization.
+
+ * When we started to use cURL to talk to an imap server, we forgot to explicitly add
+   imap(s):// before the destination.  To some folks, that didn't work
+   and the library tried to make HTTP(s) requests instead.
+
+ * The ./configure script generated from configure.ac was taught how
+   to detect support of SSL by libcurl better.
+
+ * The command-line completion script (in contrib/) learned to
+   complete "git cmd ^mas<HT>" to complete the negative end of
+   reference to "git cmd ^master".
+   (merge 49416ad22a cp/completion-negative-refs later to maint).
+
+ * The existing "git fetch --depth=<n>" option was hard to use
+   correctly when making the history of an existing shallow clone
+   deeper.  A new option, "--deepen=<n>", has been added to make this
+   easier to use.  "git clone" also learned "--shallow-since=<date>"
+   and "--shallow-exclude=<tag>" options to make it easier to specify
+   "I am interested only in the recent N months worth of history" and
+   "Give me only the history since that version".
+   (merge cccf74e2da nd/shallow-deepen later to maint).
+
+ * "git blame --reverse OLD path" is now DWIMmed to show how lines
+   in path in an old revision OLD have survived up to the current
+   commit.
+   (merge e1d09701a4 jc/blame-reverse later to maint).
+
+ * The http.emptyauth configuration variable is a way to allow an empty username to
+   pass when attempting to authenticate using mechanisms like
+   Kerberos.  We took an unspecified (NULL) username and sent ":"
+   (i.e. no username, no password) to CURLOPT_USERPWD, but did not do
+   the same when the username is explicitly set to an empty string.
+
+ * "git clone" of a local repository can be done at the filesystem
+   level, but the codepath did not check errors while copying and
+   adjusting the file that lists alternate object stores.
+
+ * Documentation for "git commit" was updated to clarify that "commit
+   -p <paths>" adds to the current contents of the index to come up
+   with what to commit.
+
+ * A stray symbolic link in the $GIT_DIR/refs/ directory could make name
+   resolution loop forever, which has been corrected.
+
+ * The "submodule.<name>.path" stored in .gitmodules is never copied
+   to .git/config and such a key in .git/config has no meaning, but
+   the documentation described it next to submodule.<name>.url
+   as if both belong to .git/config.  This has been fixed.
+
+ * In a worktree created via "git
+   worktree", "git checkout" attempts to protect users from confusion
+   by refusing to check out a branch that is already checked out in
+   another worktree.  However, this also prevented checking out a
+   branch which is designated as the primary branch of a bare
+   repository, in a worktree that is connected to the bare
+   repository.  The check has been corrected to allow it.
+
+ * "git rebase" immediately after "git clone" failed to find the fork
+   point from the upstream.
+
+ * When fetching from a remote that has many tags that are irrelevant
+   to branches we are following, we used to waste way too many cycles
+   checking if the object pointed at by a tag (that we are not
+   going to fetch!) exists in our repository too carefully.
+
+ * Protect our code from over-eager compilers.
+
+ * Recent git allows submodule.<name>.branch to use a special token
+   "." instead of the branch name; the documentation has been updated
+   to describe it.
+
+ * "git send-email" attempts to pick up valid e-mails from the
+   trailers, but people in the real world write non-addresses there, like
+   "Cc: Stable <add@re.ss> # 4.8+", which broke the output depending
+   on the availability and vintage of the Mail::Address perl module.
+   (merge dcfafc5214 mm/send-email-cc-cruft-after-address later to maint).
+
+ * The Travis CI configuration we ship ran the tests with the --verbose
+   option but this risks non-TAP output that happens to be "ok" to be
+   misinterpreted as TAP signalling a test that passed.  This resulted
+   in unnecessary failures.  This has been corrected by introducing a
+   new mode to run our tests in the test harness to send the verbose
+   output separately to the log file.
+
+ * Some AsciiDoc formatters mishandle a displayed illustration with
+   tabs in it.  Adjust a few of them in merge-base documentation to
+   work around them.
+
+ * Fixed a minor regression in "git submodule" that was introduced
+   when more helper functions were reimplemented in C.
+   (merge 77b63ac31e sb/submodule-ignore-trailing-slash later to maint).
+
+ * The code that we have used for the past 10+ years to cycle
+   4-element ring buffers turns out to be not quite portable in
+   theoretical world.
+   (merge bb84735c80 rs/ring-buffer-wraparound later to maint).
+
+ * "git daemon" used fixed-length buffers to turn URLs to the
+   repository the client asked for into the server side directory
+   paths, using snprintf() to avoid overflowing these buffers, but
+   allowed possibly truncated paths to the directory.  This has been
+   tightened to reject such a request that causes an overlong path to be
+   served.
+   (merge 6bdb0083be jk/daemon-path-ok-check-truncation later to maint).
+
+ * Recent update to git-sh-setup (a library of shell functions that
+   are used by our in-tree scripted Porcelain commands) included
+   another shell library git-sh-i18n without specifying where it is,
+   relying on the $PATH.  This has been fixed to be more explicit by
+   prefixing with $(git --exec-path) output.
+   (merge 1073094f30 ak/sh-setup-dot-source-i18n-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Fix for a racy false-positive test failure.
+   (merge fdf4f6c79b as/merge-attr-sleep later to maint).
+
+ * Portability update and workaround for builds on recent Mac OS X.
+   (merge a296bc0132 ls/macos-update later to maint).
+
+ * Using a %(HEAD) placeholder in "for-each-ref --format=" option
+   caused the command to segfault when on an unborn branch.
+   (merge 84679d470d jc/for-each-ref-head-segfault-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase -i" did not work well with the core.commentchar
+   configuration variable for two reasons, both of which have been
+   fixed.
+   (merge 882cd23777 js/rebase-i-commentchar-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups.
+   (merge 5c238e29a8 jk/common-main later to maint).
+   (merge 5a5749e45b ak/pre-receive-hook-template-modefix later to maint).
+   (merge 6d834ac8f1 jk/rebase-config-insn-fmt-docfix later to maint).
+   (merge de9f7fa3b0 rs/commit-pptr-simplify later to maint).
+   (merge 4259d693fc sc/fmt-merge-msg-doc-markup-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 28fab7b23d nd/test-helpers later to maint).
+   (merge c2bb0c1d1e rs/cocci later to maint).
+   (merge 3285b7badb ps/common-info-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 2b090822e8 nd/worktree-lock later to maint).
+   (merge 4bd488ea7c jk/create-branch-remove-unused-param later to maint).
+   (merge 974e0044d6 tk/diffcore-delta-remove-unused later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9cd14c8197
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+Git v2.11.1 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.11
+-----------------
+
+ * The default Travis-CI configuration specifies newer P4 and GitLFS.
+
+ * The character width table has been updated to match Unicode 9.0
+
+ * Update the isatty() emulation for Windows by updating the previous
+   hack that depended on internals of (older) MSVC runtime.
+
+ * "git rev-parse --symbolic" failed with a more recent notation like
+   "HEAD^-1" and "HEAD^!".
+
+ * An empty directory in a working tree that can simply be nuked used
+   to interfere while merging or cherry-picking a change to create a
+   submodule directory there, which has been fixed..
+
+ * The code in "git push" to compute if any commit being pushed in the
+   superproject binds a commit in a submodule that hasn't been pushed
+   out was overly inefficient, making it unusable even for a small
+   project that does not have any submodule but have a reasonable
+   number of refs.
+
+ * "git push --dry-run --recurse-submodule=on-demand" wasn't
+   "--dry-run" in the submodules.
+
+ * The output from "git worktree list" was made in readdir() order,
+   and was unstable.
+
+ * mergetool.<tool>.trustExitCode configuration variable did not apply
+   to built-in tools, but now it does.
+
+ * "git p4" LFS support was broken when LFS stores an empty blob.
+
+ * Fix a corner case in merge-recursive regression that crept in
+   during 2.10 development cycle.
+
+ * Update the error messages from the dumb-http client when it fails
+   to obtain loose objects; we used to give sensible error message
+   only upon 404 but we now forbid unexpected redirects that needs to
+   be reported with something sensible.
+
+ * When diff.renames configuration is on (and with Git 2.9 and later,
+   it is enabled by default, which made it worse), "git stash"
+   misbehaved if a file is removed and another file with a very
+   similar content is added.
+
+ * "git diff --no-index" did not take "--no-abbrev" option.
+
+ * "git difftool --dir-diff" had a minor regression when started from
+   a subdirectory, which has been fixed.
+
+ * "git commit --allow-empty --only" (no pathspec) with dirty index
+   ought to be an acceptable way to create a new commit that does not
+   change any paths, but it was forbidden, perhaps because nobody
+   needed it so far.
+
+ * A pathname that begins with "//" or "\\" on Windows is special but
+   path normalization logic was unaware of it.
+
+ * "git pull --rebase", when there is no new commits on our side since
+   we forked from the upstream, should be able to fast-forward without
+   invoking "git rebase", but it didn't.
+
+ * The way to specify hotkeys to "xxdiff" that is used by "git
+   mergetool" has been modernized to match recent versions of xxdiff.
+
+ * Unlike "git am --abort", "git cherry-pick --abort" moved HEAD back
+   to where cherry-pick started while picking multiple changes, when
+   the cherry-pick stopped to ask for help from the user, and the user
+   did "git reset --hard" to a different commit in order to re-attempt
+   the operation.
+
+ * Code cleanup in shallow boundary computation.
+
+ * A recent update to receive-pack to make it easier to drop garbage
+   objects made it clear that GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES cannot
+   have a pathname with a colon in it (no surprise!), and this in turn
+   made it impossible to push into a repository at such a path.  This
+   has been fixed by introducing a quoting mechanism used when
+   appending such a path to the colon-separated list.
+
+ * The function usage_msg_opt() has been updated to say "fatal:"
+   before the custom message programs give, when they want to die
+   with a message about wrong command line options followed by the
+   standard usage string.
+
+ * "git index-pack --stdin" needs an access to an existing repository,
+   but "git index-pack file.pack" to generate an .idx file that
+   corresponds to a packfile does not.
+
+ * Fix for NDEBUG builds.
+
+ * A lazy "git push" without refspec did not internally use a fully
+   specified refspec to perform 'current', 'simple', or 'upstream'
+   push, causing unnecessary "ambiguous ref" errors.
+
+ * "git p4" misbehaved when swapping a directory and a symbolic link.
+
+ * Even though an fix was attempted in Git 2.9.3 days, but running
+   "git difftool --dir-diff" from a subdirectory never worked. This
+   has been fixed.
+
+ * "git p4" that tracks multile p4 paths imported a single changelist
+   that touches files in these multiple paths as one commit, followed
+   by many empty commits.  This has been fixed.
+
+ * A potential but unlikely buffer overflow in Windows port has been
+   fixed.
+
+ * When the http server gives an incomplete response to a smart-http
+   rpc call, it could lead to client waiting for a full response that
+   will never come.  Teach the client side to notice this condition
+   and abort the transfer.
+
+ * Some platforms no longer understand "latin-1" that is still seen in
+   the wild in e-mail headers; replace them with "iso-8859-1" that is
+   more widely known when conversion fails from/to it.
+
+ * Update the procedure to generate "tags" for developer support.
+
+ * Update the definition of the MacOSX test environment used by
+   TravisCI.
+
+ * A few git-svn updates.
+
+ * Compression setting for producing packfiles were spread across
+   three codepaths, one of which did not honor any configuration.
+   Unify these so that all of them honor core.compression and
+   pack.compression variables the same way.
+
+ * "git fast-import" sometimes mishandled while rebalancing notes
+   tree, which has been fixed.
+
+ * Recent update to the default abbreviation length that auto-scales
+   lacked documentation update, which has been corrected.
+
+ * Leakage of lockfiles in the config subsystem has been fixed.
+
+ * It is natural that "git gc --auto" may not attempt to pack
+   everything into a single pack, and there is no point in warning
+   when the user has configured the system to use the pack bitmap,
+   leading to disabling further "gc".
+
+ * "git archive" did not read the standard configuration files, and
+   failed to notice a file that is marked as binary via the userdiff
+   driver configuration.
+
+ * "git blame --porcelain" misidentified the "previous" <commit, path>
+   pair (aka "source") when contents came from two or more files.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" with a recent update started showing an incorrect
+   count when squashing more than 10 commits.
+
+ * "git <cmd> @{push}" on a detached HEAD used to segfault; it has
+   been corrected to error out with a message.
+
+ * Tighten a test to avoid mistaking an extended ERE regexp engine as
+   a PRE regexp engine.
+
+ * Typing ^C to pager, which usually does not kill it, killed Git and
+   took the pager down as a collateral damage in certain process-tree
+   structure.  This has been fixed.
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7428851168
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Git v2.11.2 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.11.1
+-------------------
+
+ * "git-shell" rejects a request to serve a repository whose name
+   begins with a dash, which makes it no longer possible to get it
+   confused into spawning service programs like "git-upload-pack" with
+   an option like "--help", which in turn would spawn an interactive
+   pager, instead of working with the repository user asked to access
+   (i.e. the one whose name is "--help").
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4e3b78d0e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Git v2.11.3 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release forward-ports the fix for "ssh://..." URL from Git v2.7.6
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ad4da8eb09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+Git v2.11.4 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.11.3
+-------------------
+
+ * "git cvsserver" no longer is invoked by "git daemon" by default,
+   as it is old and largely unmaintained.
+
+ * Various Perl scripts did not use safe_pipe_capture() instead of
+   backticks, leaving them susceptible to end-user input.  They have
+   been corrected.
+
+Credits go to joernchen <joernchen@phenoelit.de> for finding the
+unsafe constructs in "git cvsserver", and to Jeff King at GitHub for
+finding and fixing instances of the same issue in other scripts.
+
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef8b97da9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,500 @@
+Git 2.12 Release Notes
+======================
+
+Backward compatibility notes.
+
+ * Use of an empty string that is used for 'everything matches' is
+   still warned and Git asks users to use a more explicit '.' for that
+   instead.  The hope is that existing users will not mind this
+   change, and eventually the warning can be turned into a hard error,
+   upgrading the deprecation into removal of this (mis)feature.  That
+   is not scheduled to happen in the upcoming release (yet).
+
+ * The historical argument order "git merge <msg> HEAD <commit>..."
+   has been deprecated for quite some time, and will be removed in a
+   future release.
+
+ * An ancient script "git relink" has been removed.
+
+
+Updates since v2.11
+-------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * Various updates to "git p4".
+
+ * "git p4" didn't interact with the internal of .git directory
+   correctly in the modern "git-worktree"-enabled world.
+
+ * "git branch --list" and friends learned "--ignore-case" option to
+   optionally sort branches and tags case insensitively.
+
+ * In addition to %(subject), %(body), "log --pretty=format:..."
+   learned a new placeholder %(trailers).
+
+ * "git rebase" learned "--quit" option, which allows a user to
+   remove the metadata left by an earlier "git rebase" that was
+   manually aborted without using "git rebase --abort".
+
+ * "git clone --reference $there --recurse-submodules $super" has been
+   taught to guess repositories usable as references for submodules of
+   $super that are embedded in $there while making a clone of the
+   superproject borrow objects from $there; extend the mechanism to
+   also allow submodules of these submodules to borrow repositories
+   embedded in these clones of the submodules embedded in the clone of
+   the superproject.
+
+ * Porcelain scripts written in Perl are getting internationalized.
+
+ * "git merge --continue" has been added as a synonym to "git commit"
+   to conclude a merge that has stopped due to conflicts.
+
+ * Finer-grained control of what protocols are allowed for transports
+   during clone/fetch/push have been enabled via a new configuration
+   mechanism.
+
+ * "git shortlog" learned "--committer" option to group commits by
+   committer, instead of author.
+
+ * GitLFS integration with "git p4" has been updated.
+
+ * The isatty() emulation for Windows has been updated to eradicate
+   the previous hack that depended on internals of (older) MSVC
+   runtime.
+
+ * Some platforms no longer understand "latin-1" that is still seen in
+   the wild in e-mail headers; replace them with "iso-8859-1" that is
+   more widely known when conversion fails from/to it.
+
+ * "git grep" has been taught to optionally recurse into submodules.
+
+ * "git rm" used to refuse to remove a submodule when it has its own
+   git repository embedded in its working tree.  It learned to move
+   the repository away to $GIT_DIR/modules/ of the superproject
+   instead, and allow the submodule to be deleted (as long as there
+   will be no loss of local modifications, that is).
+
+ * A recent updates to "git p4" was not usable for older p4 but it
+   could be made to work with minimum changes.  Do so.
+
+ * "git diff" learned diff.interHunkContext configuration variable
+   that gives the default value for its --inter-hunk-context option.
+
+ * The prereleaseSuffix feature of version comparison that is used in
+   "git tag -l" did not correctly when two or more prereleases for the
+   same release were present (e.g. when 2.0, 2.0-beta1, and 2.0-beta2
+   are there and the code needs to compare 2.0-beta1 and 2.0-beta2).
+
+ * "git submodule push" learned "--recurse-submodules=only option to
+   push submodules out without pushing the top-level superproject.
+
+ * "git tag" and "git verify-tag" learned to put GPG verification
+   status in their "--format=<placeholders>" output format.
+
+ * An ancient repository conversion tool left in contrib/ has been
+   removed.
+
+ * "git show-ref HEAD" used with "--verify" because the user is not
+   interested in seeing refs/remotes/origin/HEAD, and used with
+   "--head" because the user does not want HEAD to be filtered out,
+   i.e. "git show-ref --head --verify HEAD", did not work as expected.
+
+ * "git submodule add" used to be confused and refused to add a
+   locally created repository; users can now use "--force" option
+   to add them.
+   (merge 619acfc78c sb/submodule-add-force later to maint).
+
+ * Some people feel the default set of colors used by "git log --graph"
+   rather limiting.  A mechanism to customize the set of colors has
+   been introduced.
+
+ * "git read-tree" and its underlying unpack_trees() machinery learned
+   to report problematic paths prefixed with the --super-prefix option.
+
+ * When a submodule "A", which has another submodule "B" nested within
+   it, is "absorbed" into the top-level superproject, the inner
+   submodule "B" used to be left in a strange state.  The logic to
+   adjust the .git pointers in these submodules has been corrected.
+
+ * The user can specify a custom update method that is run when
+   "submodule update" updates an already checked out submodule.  This
+   was ignored when checking the submodule out for the first time and
+   we instead always just checked out the commit that is bound to the
+   path in the superproject's index.
+
+ * The command line completion (in contrib/) learned that
+   "git diff --submodule=" can take "diff" as a recently added option.
+
+ * The "core.logAllRefUpdates" that used to be boolean has been
+   enhanced to take 'always' as well, to record ref updates to refs
+   other than the ones that are expected to be updated (i.e. branches,
+   remote-tracking branches and notes).
+
+ * Comes with more command line completion (in contrib/) for recently
+   introduced options.
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
+
+ * Commands that operate on a log message and add lines to the trailer
+   blocks, such as "format-patch -s", "cherry-pick (-x|-s)", and
+   "commit -s", have been taught to use the logic of and share the
+   code with "git interpret-trailer".
+
+ * The default Travis-CI configuration specifies newer P4 and GitLFS.
+
+ * The "fast hash" that had disastrous performance issues in some
+   corner cases has been retired from the internal diff.
+
+ * The character width table has been updated to match Unicode 9.0
+
+ * Update the procedure to generate "tags" for developer support.
+
+ * The codeflow of setting NOATIME and CLOEXEC on file descriptors Git
+   opens has been simplified.
+
+ * "git diff" and its family had two experimental heuristics to shift
+   the contents of a hunk to make the patch easier to read.  One of
+   them turns out to be better than the other, so leave only the
+   "--indent-heuristic" option and remove the other one.
+
+ * A new submodule helper "git submodule embedgitdirs" to make it
+   easier to move embedded .git/ directory for submodules in a
+   superproject to .git/modules/ (and point the latter with the former
+   that is turned into a "gitdir:" file) has been added.
+
+ * "git push \\server\share\dir" has recently regressed and then
+   fixed.  A test has retroactively been added for this breakage.
+
+ * Build updates for Cygwin.
+
+ * The implementation of "real_path()" was to go there with chdir(2)
+   and call getcwd(3), but this obviously wouldn't be usable in a
+   threaded environment.  Rewrite it to manually resolve relative
+   paths including symbolic links in path components.
+
+ * Adjust documentation to help AsciiDoctor render better while not
+   breaking the rendering done by AsciiDoc.
+
+ * The sequencer machinery has been further enhanced so that a later
+   set of patches can start using it to reimplement "rebase -i".
+
+ * Update the definition of the MacOSX test environment used by
+   TravisCI.
+
+ * Rewrite a scripted porcelain "git difftool" in C.
+
+ * "make -C t failed" will now run only the tests that failed in the
+   previous run.  This is usable only when prove is not use, and gives
+   a useless error message when run after "make clean", but otherwise
+   is serviceable.
+
+ * "uchar [40]" to "struct object_id" conversion continues.
+
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+Fixes since v2.10
+-----------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.9 in the maintenance
+track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
+notes for details).
+
+ * We often decide if a session is interactive by checking if the
+   standard I/O streams are connected to a TTY, but isatty() that
+   comes with Windows incorrectly returned true if it is used on NUL
+   (i.e. an equivalent to /dev/null).  This has been fixed.
+
+ * "git svn" did not work well with path components that are "0", and
+   some configuration variable it uses were not documented.
+
+ * "git rev-parse --symbolic" failed with a more recent notation like
+   "HEAD^-1" and "HEAD^!".
+
+ * An empty directory in a working tree that can simply be nuked used
+   to interfere while merging or cherry-picking a change to create a
+   submodule directory there, which has been fixed..
+
+ * The code in "git push" to compute if any commit being pushed in the
+   superproject binds a commit in a submodule that hasn't been pushed
+   out was overly inefficient, making it unusable even for a small
+   project that does not have any submodule but have a reasonable
+   number of refs.
+
+ * "git push --dry-run --recurse-submodule=on-demand" wasn't
+   "--dry-run" in the submodules.
+
+ * The output from "git worktree list" was made in readdir() order,
+   and was unstable.
+
+ * mergetool.<tool>.trustExitCode configuration variable did not apply
+   to built-in tools, but now it does.
+
+ * "git p4" LFS support was broken when LFS stores an empty blob.
+
+ * A corner case in merge-recursive regression that crept in
+   during 2.10 development cycle has been fixed.
+
+ * Transport with dumb http can be fooled into following foreign URLs
+   that the end user does not intend to, especially with the server
+   side redirects and http-alternates mechanism, which can lead to
+   security issues.  Tighten the redirection and make it more obvious
+   to the end user when it happens.
+
+ * Update the error messages from the dumb-http client when it fails
+   to obtain loose objects; we used to give sensible error message
+   only upon 404 but we now forbid unexpected redirects that needs to
+   be reported with something sensible.
+
+ * When diff.renames configuration is on (and with Git 2.9 and later,
+   it is enabled by default, which made it worse), "git stash"
+   misbehaved if a file is removed and another file with a very
+   similar content is added.
+
+ * "git diff --no-index" did not take "--no-abbrev" option.
+
+ * "git difftool --dir-diff" had a minor regression when started from
+   a subdirectory, which has been fixed.
+
+ * "git commit --allow-empty --only" (no pathspec) with dirty index
+   ought to be an acceptable way to create a new commit that does not
+   change any paths, but it was forbidden, perhaps because nobody
+   needed it so far.
+
+ * Git 2.11 had a minor regression in "merge --ff-only" that competed
+   with another process that simultaneously attempted to update the
+   index. We used to explain what went wrong with an error message,
+   but the new code silently failed.  The error message has been
+   resurrected.
+
+ * A pathname that begins with "//" or "\\" on Windows is special but
+   path normalization logic was unaware of it.
+
+ * "git pull --rebase", when there is no new commits on our side since
+   we forked from the upstream, should be able to fast-forward without
+   invoking "git rebase", but it didn't.
+
+ * The way to specify hotkeys to "xxdiff" that is used by "git
+   mergetool" has been modernized to match recent versions of xxdiff.
+
+ * Unlike "git am --abort", "git cherry-pick --abort" moved HEAD back
+   to where cherry-pick started while picking multiple changes, when
+   the cherry-pick stopped to ask for help from the user, and the user
+   did "git reset --hard" to a different commit in order to re-attempt
+   the operation.
+
+ * Code cleanup in shallow boundary computation.
+
+ * A recent update to receive-pack to make it easier to drop garbage
+   objects made it clear that GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES cannot
+   have a pathname with a colon in it (no surprise!), and this in turn
+   made it impossible to push into a repository at such a path.  This
+   has been fixed by introducing a quoting mechanism used when
+   appending such a path to the colon-separated list.
+
+ * The function usage_msg_opt() has been updated to say "fatal:"
+   before the custom message programs give, when they want to die
+   with a message about wrong command line options followed by the
+   standard usage string.
+
+ * "git index-pack --stdin" needs an access to an existing repository,
+   but "git index-pack file.pack" to generate an .idx file that
+   corresponds to a packfile does not.
+
+ * Fix for NDEBUG builds.
+
+ * A lazy "git push" without refspec did not internally use a fully
+   specified refspec to perform 'current', 'simple', or 'upstream'
+   push, causing unnecessary "ambiguous ref" errors.
+
+ * "git p4" misbehaved when swapping a directory and a symbolic link.
+
+ * Even though an fix was attempted in Git 2.9.3 days, but running
+   "git difftool --dir-diff" from a subdirectory never worked. This
+   has been fixed.
+
+ * "git p4" that tracks multile p4 paths imported a single changelist
+   that touches files in these multiple paths as one commit, followed
+   by many empty commits.  This has been fixed.
+
+ * A potential but unlikely buffer overflow in Windows port has been
+   fixed.
+
+ * When the http server gives an incomplete response to a smart-http
+   rpc call, it could lead to client waiting for a full response that
+   will never come.  Teach the client side to notice this condition
+   and abort the transfer.
+
+ * Compression setting for producing packfiles were spread across
+   three codepaths, one of which did not honor any configuration.
+   Unify these so that all of them honor core.compression and
+   pack.compression variables the same way.
+
+ * "git fast-import" sometimes mishandled while rebalancing notes
+   tree, which has been fixed.
+
+ * Recent update to the default abbreviation length that auto-scales
+   lacked documentation update, which has been corrected.
+
+ * Leakage of lockfiles in the config subsystem has been fixed.
+
+ * It is natural that "git gc --auto" may not attempt to pack
+   everything into a single pack, and there is no point in warning
+   when the user has configured the system to use the pack bitmap,
+   leading to disabling further "gc".
+
+ * "git archive" did not read the standard configuration files, and
+   failed to notice a file that is marked as binary via the userdiff
+   driver configuration.
+
+ * "git blame --porcelain" misidentified the "previous" <commit, path>
+   pair (aka "source") when contents came from two or more files.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" with a recent update started showing an incorrect
+   count when squashing more than 10 commits.
+
+ * "git <cmd> @{push}" on a detached HEAD used to segfault; it has
+   been corrected to error out with a message.
+
+ * Running "git add a/b" when "a" is a submodule correctly errored
+   out, but without a meaningful error message.
+   (merge 2d81c48fa7 sb/pathspec-errors later to maint).
+
+ * Typing ^C to pager, which usually does not kill it, killed Git and
+   took the pager down as a collateral damage in certain process-tree
+   structure.  This has been fixed.
+
+ * "git mergetool" without any pathspec on the command line that is
+   run from a subdirectory became no-op in Git v2.11 by mistake, which
+   has been fixed.
+
+ * Retire long unused/unmaintained gitview from the contrib/ area.
+   (merge 3120925c25 sb/remove-gitview later to maint).
+
+ * Tighten a test to avoid mistaking an extended ERE regexp engine as
+   a PRE regexp engine.
+
+ * An error message with an ASCII control character like '\r' in it
+   can alter the message to hide its early part, which is problematic
+   when a remote side gives such an error message that the local side
+   will relay with a "remote: " prefix.
+   (merge f290089879 jk/vreport-sanitize later to maint).
+
+ * "git fsck" inspects loose objects more carefully now.
+   (merge cce044df7f jk/loose-object-fsck later to maint).
+
+ * A crashing bug introduced in v2.11 timeframe has been found (it is
+   triggerable only in fast-import) and fixed.
+   (merge abd5a00268 jk/clear-delta-base-cache-fix later to maint).
+
+ * With an anticipatory tweak for remotes defined in ~/.gitconfig
+   (e.g. "remote.origin.prune" set to true, even though there may or
+   may not actually be "origin" remote defined in a particular Git
+   repository), "git remote rename" and other commands misinterpreted
+   and behaved as if such a non-existing remote actually existed.
+   (merge e459b073fb js/remote-rename-with-half-configured-remote later to maint).
+
+ * A few codepaths had to rely on a global variable when sorting
+   elements of an array because sort(3) API does not allow extra data
+   to be passed to the comparison function.  Use qsort_s() when
+   natively available, and a fallback implementation of it when not,
+   to eliminate the need, which is a prerequisite for making the
+   codepath reentrant.
+
+ * "git fsck --connectivity-check" was not working at all.
+   (merge a2b22854bd jk/fsck-connectivity-check-fix later to maint).
+
+ * After starting "git rebase -i", which first opens the user's editor
+   to edit the series of patches to apply, but before saving the
+   contents of that file, "git status" failed to show the current
+   state (i.e. you are in an interactive rebase session, but you have
+   applied no steps yet) correctly.
+   (merge df9ded4984 js/status-pre-rebase-i later to maint).
+
+ * Test tweak for FreeBSD where /usr/bin/unzip is unsuitable to run
+   our tests but /usr/local/bin/unzip is usable.
+   (merge d98b2c5fce js/unzip-in-usr-bin-workaround later to maint).
+
+ * "git p4" did not work well with multiple git-p4.mapUser entries on
+   Windows.
+   (merge c3c2b05776 gv/mingw-p4-mapuser later to maint).
+
+ * "git help" enumerates executable files in $PATH; the implementation
+   of "is this file executable?" on Windows has been optimized.
+   (merge c755015f79 hv/mingw-help-is-executable later to maint).
+
+ * Test tweaks for those who have default ACL in their git source tree
+   that interfere with the umask test.
+   (merge d549d21307 mm/reset-facl-before-umask-test later to maint).
+
+ * Names of the various hook scripts must be spelled exactly, but on
+   Windows, an .exe binary must be named with .exe suffix; notice
+   $GIT_DIR/hooks/<hookname>.exe as a valid <hookname> hook.
+   (merge 235be51fbe js/mingw-hooks-with-exe-suffix later to maint).
+
+ * Asciidoctor, an alternative reimplementation of AsciiDoc, still
+   needs some changes to work with documents meant to be formatted
+   with AsciiDoc.  "make USE_ASCIIDOCTOR=YesPlease" to use it out of
+   the box to document our pages is getting closer to reality.
+
+ * Correct command line completion (in contrib/) on "git svn"
+   (merge 2cbad17642 ew/complete-svn-authorship-options later to maint).
+
+ * Incorrect usage help message for "git worktree prune" has been fixed.
+   (merge 2488dcab22 ps/worktree-prune-help-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Adjust a perf test to new world order where commands that do
+   require a repository are really strict about having a repository.
+   (merge c86000c1a7 rs/p5302-create-repositories-before-tests later to maint).
+
+ * "git log --graph" did not work well with "--name-only", even though
+   other forms of "diff" output were handled correctly.
+   (merge f5022b5fed jk/log-graph-name-only later to maint).
+
+ * The push-options given via the "--push-options" option were not
+   passed through to external remote helpers such as "smart HTTP" that
+   are invoked via the transport helper.
+
+ * The documentation explained what "git stash" does to the working
+   tree (after stashing away the local changes) in terms of "reset
+   --hard", which was exposing an unnecessary implementation detail.
+   (merge 20a7e06172 tg/stash-doc-cleanup later to maint).
+
+ * When "git p4" imports changelist that removes paths, it failed to
+   convert pathnames when the p4 used encoding different from the one
+   used on the Git side.  This has been corrected.
+   (merge a8b05162e8 ls/p4-path-encoding later to maint).
+
+ * A new coccinelle rule that catches a check of !pointer before the
+   pointer is free(3)d, which most likely is a bug.
+   (merge ec6cd14c7a rs/cocci-check-free-only-null later to maint).
+
+ * "ls-files" run with pathspec has been micro-optimized to avoid
+   having to memmove(3) unnecessary bytes.
+   (merge 96f6d3f61a rs/ls-files-partial-optim later to maint).
+
+ * A hotfix for a topic already in 'master'.
+   (merge a4d92d579f js/mingw-isatty later to maint).
+
+ * Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups.
+   (merge f2627d9b19 sb/submodule-config-cleanup later to maint).
+   (merge 384f1a167b sb/unpack-trees-cleanup later to maint).
+   (merge 874444b704 rh/diff-orderfile-doc later to maint).
+   (merge eafd5d9483 cw/doc-sign-off later to maint).
+   (merge 0aaad415bc rs/absolute-pathdup later to maint).
+   (merge 4432dd6b5b rs/receive-pack-cleanup later to maint).
+   (merge 540a398e9c sg/mailmap-self later to maint).
+   (merge 209df269a6 nd/rev-list-all-includes-HEAD-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 941b9c5270 sb/doc-unify-bottom later to maint).
+   (merge 2aaf37b62c jk/doc-remote-helpers-markup-fix later to maint).
+   (merge e91461b332 jk/doc-submodule-markup-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 8ab9740d9f dp/submodule-doc-markup-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 0838cbc22f jk/tempfile-ferror-fclose-confusion later to maint).
+   (merge 115a40add6 dr/doc-check-ref-format-normalize later to maint).
+   (merge 133f0a299d gp/document-dotfiles-in-templates-are-not-copied later to maint).
+   (merge 2b35a9f4c7 bc/blame-doc-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 7e82388024 ps/doc-gc-aggressive-depth-update later to maint).
+   (merge 9993a7c5f1 bc/worktree-doc-fix-detached later to maint).
+   (merge e519eccdf4 rt/align-add-i-help-text later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a74f7db747
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+Git v2.12.1 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.12
+-----------------
+
+ * Reduce authentication round-trip over HTTP when the server supports
+   just a single authentication method.  This also improves the
+   behaviour when Git is misconfigured to enable http.emptyAuth
+   against a server that does not authenticate without a username
+   (i.e. not using Kerberos etc., which makes http.emptyAuth
+   pointless).
+
+ * Windows port wants to use OpenSSL's implementation of SHA-1
+   routines, so let them.
+
+ * Add 32-bit Linux variant to the set of platforms to be tested with
+   Travis CI.
+
+ * When a redirected http transport gets an error during the
+   redirected request, we ignored the error we got from the server,
+   and ended up giving a not-so-useful error message.
+
+ * The patch subcommand of "git add -i" was meant to have paths
+   selection prompt just like other subcommand, unlike "git add -p"
+   directly jumps to hunk selection.  Recently, this was broken and
+   "add -i" lost the paths selection dialog, but it now has been
+   fixed.
+
+ * Git v2.12 was shipped with an embarrassing breakage where various
+   operations that verify paths given from the user stopped dying when
+   seeing an issue, and instead later triggering segfault.
+
+ * The code to parse "git log -L..." command line was buggy when there
+   are many ranges specified with -L; overrun of the allocated buffer
+   has been fixed.
+
+ * The command-line parsing of "git log -L" copied internal data
+   structures using incorrect size on ILP32 systems.
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..441939709c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+Git v2.12.2 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.12.1
+-------------------
+
+ * "git status --porcelain" is supposed to give a stable output, but a
+   few strings were left as translatable by mistake.
+
+ * "Dumb http" transport used to misparse a nonsense http-alternates
+   response, which has been fixed.
+
+ * "git diff --quiet" relies on the size field in diff_filespec to be
+   correctly populated, but diff_populate_filespec() helper function
+   made an incorrect short-cut when asked only to populate the size
+   field for paths that need to go through convert_to_git() (e.g. CRLF
+   conversion).
+
+ * There is no need for Python only to give a few messages to the
+   standard error stream, but we somehow did.
+
+ * A leak in a codepath to read from a packed object in (rare) cases
+   has been plugged.
+
+ * "git upload-pack", which is a counter-part of "git fetch", did not
+   report a request for a ref that was not advertised as invalid.
+   This is generally not a problem (because "git fetch" will stop
+   before making such a request), but is the right thing to do.
+
+ * A "gc.log" file left by a backgrounded "gc --auto" disables further
+   automatic gc; it has been taught to run at least once a day (by
+   default) by ignoring a stale "gc.log" file that is too old.
+
+ * "git remote rm X", when a branch has remote X configured as the
+   value of its branch.*.remote, tried to remove branch.*.remote and
+   branch.*.merge and failed if either is unset.
+
+ * A caller of tempfile API that uses stdio interface to write to
+   files may ignore errors while writing, which is detected when
+   tempfile is closed (with a call to ferror()).  By that time, the
+   original errno that may have told us what went wrong is likely to
+   be long gone and was overwritten by an irrelevant value.
+   close_tempfile() now resets errno to EIO to make errno at least
+   predictable.
+
+ * "git show-branch" expected there were only very short branch names
+   in the repository and used a fixed-length buffer to hold them
+   without checking for overflow.
+
+ * The code that parses header fields in the commit object has been
+   updated for (micro)performance and code hygiene.
+
+ * A test that creates a confusing branch whose name is HEAD has been
+   corrected not to do so.
+
+ * "Cc:" on the trailer part does not have to conform to RFC strictly,
+   unlike in the e-mail header.  "git send-email" has been updated to
+   ignore anything after '>' when picking addresses, to allow non-address
+   cruft like " # stable 4.4" after the address.
+
+ * "git push" had a handful of codepaths that could lead to a deadlock
+   when unexpected error happened, which has been fixed.
+
+ * Code to read submodule.<name>.ignore config did not state the
+   variable name correctly when giving an error message diagnosing
+   misconfiguration.
+
+ * "git ls-remote" and "git archive --remote" are designed to work
+   without being in a directory under Git's control.  However, recent
+   updates revealed that we randomly look into a directory called
+   .git/ without actually doing necessary set-up when working in a
+   repository.  Stop doing so.
+
+ * The code to parse the command line "git grep <patterns>... <rev>
+   [[--] <pathspec>...]" has been cleaned up, and a handful of bugs
+   have been fixed (e.g. we used to check "--" if it is a rev).
+
+ * The code to parse "git -c VAR=VAL cmd" and set configuration
+   variable for the duration of cmd had two small bugs, which have
+   been fixed.
+   This supersedes jc/config-case-cmdline topic that has been discarded.
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ebca846d5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+Git v2.12.3 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.12.2
+-------------------
+
+ * The "parse_config_key()" API function has been cleaned up.
+
+ * An helper function to make it easier to append the result from
+   real_path() to a strbuf has been added.
+
+ * The t/perf performance test suite was not prepared to test not so
+   old versions of Git, but now it covers versions of Git that are not
+   so ancient.
+
+ * Picking two versions of Git and running tests to make sure the
+   older one and the newer one interoperate happily has now become
+   possible.
+
+ * Teach the "debug" helper used in the test framework that allows a
+   command to run under "gdb" to make the session interactive.
+
+ * "git repack --depth=<n>" for a long time busted the specified depth
+   when reusing delta from existing packs.  This has been corrected.
+
+ * user.email that consists of only cruft chars should consistently
+   error out, but didn't.
+
+ * A few tests were run conditionally under (rare) conditions where
+   they cannot be run (like running cvs tests under 'root' account).
+
+ * "git branch @" created refs/heads/@ as a branch, and in general the
+   code that handled @{-1} and @{upstream} was a bit too loose in
+   disambiguating.
+
+ * "git fetch" that requests a commit by object name, when the other
+   side does not allow such an request, failed without much
+   explanation.
+
+ * "git filter-branch --prune-empty" drops a single-parent commit that
+   becomes a no-op, but did not drop a root commit whose tree is empty.
+
+ * Recent versions of Git treats http alternates (used in dumb http
+   transport) just like HTTP redirects and requires the client to
+   enable following it, due to security concerns.  But we forgot to
+   give a warning when we decide not to honor the alternates.
+
+ * NO_PTHREADS build has been broken for some time; now fixed.
+
+ * Fix for potential segv introduced in v2.11.0 and later (also
+   v2.10.2).
+
+ * A few unterminated here documents in tests were fixed, which in
+   turn revealed incorrect expectations the tests make. These tests
+   have been updated.
+
+ * "git-shell" rejects a request to serve a repository whose name
+   begins with a dash, which makes it no longer possible to get it
+   confused into spawning service programs like "git-upload-pack" with
+   an option like "--help", which in turn would spawn an interactive
+   pager, instead of working with the repository user asked to access
+   (i.e. the one whose name is "--help").
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3f56938221
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Git v2.12.4 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release forward-ports the fix for "ssh://..." URL from Git v2.7.6
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8fa73cfce7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+Git v2.12.5 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.12.4
+-------------------
+
+ * "git cvsserver" no longer is invoked by "git daemon" by default,
+   as it is old and largely unmaintained.
+
+ * Various Perl scripts did not use safe_pipe_capture() instead of
+   backticks, leaving them susceptible to end-user input.  They have
+   been corrected.
+
+Credits go to joernchen <joernchen@phenoelit.de> for finding the
+unsafe constructs in "git cvsserver", and to Jeff King at GitHub for
+finding and fixing instances of the same issue in other scripts.
+
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aa99d4b3ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,618 @@
+Git 2.13 Release Notes
+======================
+
+Backward compatibility notes.
+
+ * Use of an empty string as a pathspec element that is used for
+   'everything matches' is still warned and Git asks users to use a
+   more explicit '.' for that instead.  The hope is that existing
+   users will not mind this change, and eventually the warning can be
+   turned into a hard error, upgrading the deprecation into removal of
+   this (mis)feature.  That is not scheduled to happen in the upcoming
+   release (yet).
+
+ * The historical argument order "git merge <msg> HEAD <commit>..."
+   has been deprecated for quite some time, and is now removed.
+
+ * The default location "~/.git-credential-cache/socket" for the
+   socket used to communicate with the credential-cache daemon has
+   been moved to "~/.cache/git/credential/socket".
+
+ * Git now avoids blindly falling back to ".git" when the setup
+   sequence said we are _not_ in Git repository.  A corner case that
+   happens to work right now may be broken by a call to die("BUG").
+   We've tried hard to locate such cases and fixed them, but there
+   might still be cases that need to be addressed--bug reports are
+   greatly appreciated.
+
+
+Updates since v2.12
+-------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * "git describe" and "git name-rev" have been taught to take more
+   than one refname patterns to restrict the set of refs to base their
+   naming output on, and also learned to take negative patterns to
+   name refs not to be used for naming via their "--exclude" option.
+
+ * Deletion of a branch "foo/bar" could remove .git/refs/heads/foo
+   once there no longer is any other branch whose name begins with
+   "foo/", but we didn't do so so far.  Now we do.
+
+ * When "git merge" detects a path that is renamed in one history
+   while the other history deleted (or modified) it, it now reports
+   both paths to help the user understand what is going on in the two
+   histories being merged.
+
+ * The <url> part in "http.<url>.<variable>" configuration variable
+   can now be spelled with '*' that serves as wildcard.
+   E.g. "http.https://*.example.com.proxy" can be used to specify the
+   proxy used for https://a.example.com, https://b.example.com, etc.,
+   i.e. any host in the example.com domain.
+
+ * "git tag" did not leave useful message when adding a new entry to
+   reflog; this was left unnoticed for a long time because refs/tags/*
+   doesn't keep reflog by default.
+
+ * The "negative" pathspec feature was somewhat more cumbersome to use
+   than necessary in that its short-hand used "!" which needed to be
+   escaped from shells, and it required "exclude from what?" specified.
+
+ * The command line options for ssh invocation needs to be tweaked for
+   some implementations of SSH (e.g. PuTTY plink wants "-P <port>"
+   while OpenSSH wants "-p <port>" to specify port to connect to), and
+   the variant was guessed when GIT_SSH environment variable is used
+   to specify it.  The logic to guess now applies to the command
+   specified by the newer GIT_SSH_COMMAND and also core.sshcommand
+   configuration variable, and comes with an escape hatch for users to
+   deal with misdetected cases.
+
+ * The "--git-path", "--git-common-dir", and "--shared-index-path"
+   options of "git rev-parse" did not produce usable output.  They are
+   now updated to show the path to the correct file, relative to where
+   the caller is.
+
+ * "git diff -W" has been taught to handle the case where a new
+   function is added at the end of the file better.
+
+ * "git update-ref -d" and other operations to delete references did
+   not leave any entry in HEAD's reflog when the reference being
+   deleted was the current branch.  This is not a problem in practice
+   because you do not want to delete the branch you are currently on,
+   but caused renaming of the current branch to something else not to
+   be logged in a useful way.
+
+ * "Cc:" on the trailer part does not have to conform to RFC strictly,
+   unlike in the e-mail header.  "git send-email" has been updated to
+   ignore anything after '>' when picking addresses, to allow non-address
+   cruft like " # stable 4.4" after the address.
+
+ * When "git submodule init" decides that the submodule in the working
+   tree is its upstream, it now gives a warning as it is not a very
+   common setup.
+
+ * "git stash push" takes a pathspec so that the local changes can be
+   stashed away only partially.
+
+ * Documentation for "git ls-files" did not refer to core.quotePath.
+
+ * The experimental "split index" feature has gained a few
+   configuration variables to make it easier to use.
+
+ * From a working tree of a repository, a new option of "rev-parse"
+   lets you ask if the repository is used as a submodule of another
+   project, and where the root level of the working tree of that
+   project (i.e. your superproject) is.
+
+ * The pathspec mechanism learned to further limit the paths that
+   match the pattern to those that have specified attributes attached
+   via the gitattributes mechanism.
+
+ * Our source code has used the SHA1_HEADER cpp macro after "#include"
+   in the C code to switch among the SHA-1 implementations. Instead,
+   list the exact header file names and switch among implementations
+   using "#ifdef BLK_SHA1/#include "block-sha1/sha1.h"/.../#endif";
+   this helps some IDE tools.
+
+ * The start-up sequence of "git" needs to figure out some configured
+   settings before it finds and set itself up in the location of the
+   repository and was quite messy due to its "chicken-and-egg" nature.
+   The code has been restructured.
+
+ * The command line prompt (in contrib/) learned a new 'tag' style
+   that can be specified with GIT_PS1_DESCRIBE_STYLE, to describe a
+   detached HEAD with "git describe --tags".
+
+ * The configuration file learned a new "includeIf.<condition>.path"
+   that includes the contents of the given path only when the
+   condition holds.  This allows you to say "include this work-related
+   bit only in the repositories under my ~/work/ directory".
+
+ * Recent update to "rebase -i" started showing a message that is not
+   a warning with "warning:" prefix by mistake.  This has been fixed.
+
+ * Recently we started passing the "--push-options" through the
+   external remote helper interface; now the "smart HTTP" remote
+   helper understands what to do with the passed information.
+
+ * "git describe --dirty" dies when it cannot be determined if the
+   state in the working tree matches that of HEAD (e.g. broken
+   repository or broken submodule).  The command learned a new option
+   "git describe --broken" to give "$name-broken" (where $name is the
+   description of HEAD) in such a case.
+
+ * "git checkout" is taught the "--recurse-submodules" option.
+
+ * Recent enhancement to "git stash push" command to support pathspec
+   to allow only a subset of working tree changes to be stashed away
+   was found to be too chatty and exposed the internal implementation
+   detail (e.g. when it uses reset to match the index to HEAD before
+   doing other things, output from reset seeped out).  These, and
+   other chattyness has been fixed.
+
+ * "git merge <message> HEAD <commit>" syntax that has been deprecated
+   since October 2007 has been removed.
+
+ * The refs completion for large number of refs has been sped up,
+   partly by giving up disambiguating ambiguous refs and partly by
+   eliminating most of the shell processing between 'git for-each-ref'
+   and 'ls-remote' and Bash's completion facility.
+
+ * On many keyboards, typing "@{" involves holding down SHIFT key and
+   one can easily end up with "@{Up..." when typing "@{upstream}".  As
+   the upstream/push keywords do not appear anywhere else in the syntax,
+   we can safely accept them case insensitively without introducing
+   ambiguity or confusion to solve this.
+
+ * "git tag/branch/for-each-ref" family of commands long allowed to
+   filter the refs by "--contains X" (show only the refs that are
+   descendants of X), "--merged X" (show only the refs that are
+   ancestors of X), "--no-merged X" (show only the refs that are not
+   ancestors of X).  One curious omission, "--no-contains X" (show
+   only the refs that are not descendants of X) has been added to
+   them.
+
+ * The default behaviour of "git log" in an interactive session has
+   been changed to enable "--decorate".
+
+ * The output from "git status --short" has been extended to show
+   various kinds of dirtyness in submodules differently; instead of to
+   "M" for modified, 'm' and '?' can be shown to signal changes only
+   to the working tree of the submodule but not the commit that is
+   checked out.
+
+ * Allow the http.postbuffer configuration variable to be set to a
+   size that can be expressed in size_t, which can be larger than
+   ulong on some platforms.
+
+ * "git rebase" learns "--signoff" option.
+
+ * The completion script (in contrib/) learned to complete "git push
+   --delete b<TAB>" to complete branch name to be deleted.
+
+ * "git worktree add --lock" allows to lock a worktree immediately
+   after it's created. This helps prevent a race between "git worktree
+   add; git worktree lock" and "git worktree prune".
+
+ * Completion for "git checkout <branch>" that auto-creates the branch
+   out of a remote tracking branch can now be disabled, as this
+   completion often gets in the way when completing to checkout an
+   existing local branch that happens to share the same prefix with
+   bunch of remote tracking branches.
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
+
+ * The code to list branches in "git branch" has been consolidated
+   with the more generic ref-filter API.
+
+ * Resource usage while enumerating refs from alternate object store
+   has been optimized to help receiving end of "push" that hosts a
+   repository with many "forks".
+
+ * The gitattributes machinery is being taught to work better in a
+   multi-threaded environment.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" starts using the recently updated "sequencer" code.
+
+ * Code and design clean-up for the refs API.
+
+ * The preload-index code has been taught not to bother with the index
+   entries that are paths that are not checked out by "sparse checkout".
+
+ * Some warning() messages from "git clean" were updated to show the
+   errno from failed system calls.
+
+ * The "parse_config_key()" API function has been cleaned up.
+
+ * A test that creates a confusing branch whose name is HEAD has been
+   corrected not to do so.
+
+ * The code that parses header fields in the commit object has been
+   updated for (micro)performance and code hygiene.
+
+ * An helper function to make it easier to append the result from
+   real_path() to a strbuf has been added.
+
+ * Reduce authentication round-trip over HTTP when the server supports
+   just a single authentication method.  This also improves the
+   behaviour when Git is misconfigured to enable http.emptyAuth
+   against a server that does not authenticate without a username
+   (i.e. not using Kerberos etc., which makes http.emptyAuth
+   pointless).
+
+ * Windows port wants to use OpenSSL's implementation of SHA-1
+   routines, so let them.
+
+ * The t/perf performance test suite was not prepared to test not so
+   old versions of Git, but now it covers versions of Git that are not
+   so ancient.
+
+ * Add 32-bit Linux variant to the set of platforms to be tested with
+   Travis CI.
+
+ * "git branch --list" takes the "--abbrev" and "--no-abbrev" options
+   to control the output of the object name in its "-v"(erbose)
+   output, but a recent update started ignoring them; fix it before
+   the breakage reaches to any released version.
+
+ * Picking two versions of Git and running tests to make sure the
+   older one and the newer one interoperate happily has now become
+   possible.
+
+ * "git tag --contains" used to (ab)use the object bits to keep track
+   of the state of object reachability without clearing them after
+   use; this has been cleaned up and made to use the newer commit-slab
+   facility.
+
+ * The "debug" helper used in the test framework learned to run
+   a command under "gdb" interactively.
+
+ * The "detect attempt to create collisions" variant of SHA-1
+   implementation by Marc Stevens (CWI) and Dan Shumow (Microsoft)
+   has been integrated and made the default.
+
+ * The test framework learned to detect unterminated here documents.
+
+ * The name-hash used for detecting paths that are different only in
+   cases (which matter on case insensitive filesystems) has been
+   optimized to take advantage of multi-threading when it makes sense.
+
+ * An earlier version of sha1dc/sha1.c that was merged to 'master'
+   compiled incorrectly on Windows, which has been fixed.
+
+ * "what URL do we want to update this submodule?" and "are we
+   interested in this submodule?" are split into two distinct
+   concepts, and then the way used to express the latter got extended,
+   paving a way to make it easier to manage a project with many
+   submodules and make it possible to later extend use of multiple
+   worktrees for a project with submodules.
+
+ * Some debugging output from "git describe" were marked for l10n,
+   but some weren't.  Mark missing ones for l10n.
+
+ * Define a new task in .travis.yml that triggers a test session on
+   Windows run elsewhere.
+
+ * Conversion from uchar[20] to struct object_id continues.
+
+ * The "submodule" specific field in the ref_store structure is
+   replaced with a more generic "gitdir" that can later be used also
+   when dealing with ref_store that represents the set of refs visible
+   from the other worktrees.
+
+ * The string-list API used a custom reallocation strategy that was
+   very inefficient, instead of using the usual ALLOC_GROW() macro,
+   which has been fixed.
+   (merge 950a234cbd jh/string-list-micro-optim later to maint).
+
+ * In a 2- and 3-way merge of trees, more than one source trees often
+   end up sharing an identical subtree; optimize by not reading the
+   same tree multiple times in such a case.
+   (merge d12a8cf0af jh/unpack-trees-micro-optim later to maint).
+
+ * The index file has a trailing SHA-1 checksum to detect file
+   corruption, and historically we checked it every time the index
+   file is used.  Omit the validation during normal use, and instead
+   verify only in "git fsck".
+
+ * Having a git command on the upstream side of a pipe in a test
+   script will hide the exit status from the command, which may cause
+   us to fail to notice a breakage; rewrite tests in a script to avoid
+   this issue.
+
+ * Travis CI learns to run coccicheck.
+
+ * "git checkout" that handles a lot of paths has been optimized by
+   reducing the number of unnecessary checks of paths in the
+   has_dir_name() function.
+
+ * The internals of the refs API around the cached refs has been
+   streamlined.
+
+ * Output from perf tests have been updated to align their titles.
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v2.12
+-----------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.12 in the maintenance
+track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
+notes for details).
+
+ * "git repack --depth=<n>" for a long time busted the specified depth
+   when reusing delta from existing packs.  This has been corrected.
+
+ * The code to parse the command line "git grep <patterns>... <rev>
+   [[--] <pathspec>...]" has been cleaned up, and a handful of bugs
+   have been fixed (e.g. we used to check "--" if it is a rev).
+
+ * "git ls-remote" and "git archive --remote" are designed to work
+   without being in a directory under Git's control.  However, recent
+   updates revealed that we randomly look into a directory called
+   .git/ without actually doing necessary set-up when working in a
+   repository.  Stop doing so.
+
+ * "git show-branch" expected there were only very short branch names
+   in the repository and used a fixed-length buffer to hold them
+   without checking for overflow.
+
+ * A caller of tempfile API that uses stdio interface to write to
+   files may ignore errors while writing, which is detected when
+   tempfile is closed (with a call to ferror()).  By that time, the
+   original errno that may have told us what went wrong is likely to
+   be long gone and was overwritten by an irrelevant value.
+   close_tempfile() now resets errno to EIO to make errno at least
+   predictable.
+
+ * "git remote rm X", when a branch has remote X configured as the
+   value of its branch.*.remote, tried to remove branch.*.remote and
+   branch.*.merge and failed if either is unset.
+
+ * A "gc.log" file left by a backgrounded "gc --auto" disables further
+   automatic gc; it has been taught to run at least once a day (by
+   default) by ignoring a stale "gc.log" file that is too old.
+
+ * The code to parse "git -c VAR=VAL cmd" and set configuration
+   variable for the duration of cmd had two small bugs, which have
+   been fixed.
+
+ * user.email that consists of only cruft chars should consistently
+   error out, but didn't.
+
+ * "git upload-pack", which is a counter-part of "git fetch", did not
+   report a request for a ref that was not advertised as invalid.
+   This is generally not a problem (because "git fetch" will stop
+   before making such a request), but is the right thing to do.
+
+ * A leak in a codepath to read from a packed object in (rare) cases
+   has been plugged.
+
+ * When a redirected http transport gets an error during the
+   redirected request, we ignored the error we got from the server,
+   and ended up giving a not-so-useful error message.
+
+ * The patch subcommand of "git add -i" was meant to have paths
+   selection prompt just like other subcommand, unlike "git add -p"
+   directly jumps to hunk selection.  Recently, this was broken and
+   "add -i" lost the paths selection dialog, but it now has been
+   fixed.
+
+ * Git v2.12 was shipped with an embarrassing breakage where various
+   operations that verify paths given from the user stopped dying when
+   seeing an issue, and instead later triggering segfault.
+
+ * There is no need for Python only to give a few messages to the
+   standard error stream, but we somehow did.
+
+ * The code to parse "git log -L..." command line was buggy when there
+   are many ranges specified with -L; overrun of the allocated buffer
+   has been fixed.
+
+ * The command-line parsing of "git log -L" copied internal data
+   structures using incorrect size on ILP32 systems.
+
+ * "git diff --quiet" relies on the size field in diff_filespec to be
+   correctly populated, but diff_populate_filespec() helper function
+   made an incorrect short-cut when asked only to populate the size
+   field for paths that need to go through convert_to_git() (e.g. CRLF
+   conversion).
+
+ * A few tests were run conditionally under (rare) conditions where
+   they cannot be run (like running cvs tests under 'root' account).
+
+ * "git branch @" created refs/heads/@ as a branch, and in general the
+   code that handled @{-1} and @{upstream} was a bit too loose in
+   disambiguating.
+
+ * "git fetch" that requests a commit by object name, when the other
+   side does not allow such an request, failed without much
+   explanation.
+
+ * "git filter-branch --prune-empty" drops a single-parent commit that
+   becomes a no-op, but did not drop a root commit whose tree is empty.
+
+ * Recent versions of Git treats http alternates (used in dumb http
+   transport) just like HTTP redirects and requires the client to
+   enable following it, due to security concerns.  But we forgot to
+   give a warning when we decide not to honor the alternates.
+
+ * "git push" had a handful of codepaths that could lead to a deadlock
+   when unexpected error happened, which has been fixed.
+
+ * "Dumb http" transport used to misparse a nonsense http-alternates
+   response, which has been fixed.
+
+ * "git add -p <pathspec>" unnecessarily expanded the pathspec to a
+   list of individual files that matches the pathspec by running "git
+   ls-files <pathspec>", before feeding it to "git diff-index" to see
+   which paths have changes, because historically the pathspec
+   language supported by "diff-index" was weaker.  These days they are
+   equivalent and there is no reason to internally expand it.  This
+   helps both performance and avoids command line argument limit on
+   some platforms.
+   (merge 7288e12cce jk/add-i-use-pathspecs later to maint).
+
+ * "git status --porcelain" is supposed to give a stable output, but a
+   few strings were left as translatable by mistake.
+
+ * "git revert -m 0 $merge_commit" complained that reverting a merge
+   needs to say relative to which parent the reversion needs to
+   happen, as if "-m 0" weren't given.  The correct diagnosis is that
+   "-m 0" does not refer to the first parent ("-m 1" does).  This has
+   been fixed.
+
+ * Code to read submodule.<name>.ignore config did not state the
+   variable name correctly when giving an error message diagnosing
+   misconfiguration.
+
+ * Fix for NO_PTHREADS build.
+
+ * Fix for potential segv introduced in v2.11.0 and later (also
+   v2.10.2) to "git log --pickaxe-regex -S".
+
+ * A few unterminated here documents in tests were fixed, which in
+   turn revealed incorrect expectations the tests make. These tests
+   have been updated.
+
+ * Fix for NO_PTHREADS option.
+   (merge 2225e1ea20 bw/grep-recurse-submodules later to maint).
+
+ * Git now avoids blindly falling back to ".git" when the setup
+   sequence said we are _not_ in Git repository.  A corner case that
+   happens to work right now may be broken by a call to die("BUG").
+   (merge b1ef400eec jk/no-looking-at-dotgit-outside-repo-final later to maint).
+
+ * A few commands that recently learned the "--recurse-submodule"
+   option misbehaved when started from a subdirectory of the
+   superproject.
+   (merge b2dfeb7c00 bw/recurse-submodules-relative-fix later to maint).
+
+ * FreeBSD implementation of getcwd(3) behaved differently when an
+   intermediate directory is unreadable/unsearchable depending on the
+   length of the buffer provided, which our strbuf_getcwd() was not
+   aware of.  strbuf_getcwd() has been taught to cope with it better.
+   (merge a54e938e5b rs/freebsd-getcwd-workaround later to maint).
+
+ * A recent update to "rebase -i" stopped running hooks for the "git
+   commit" command during "reword" action, which has been fixed.
+
+ * Removing an entry from a notes tree and then looking another note
+   entry from the resulting tree using the internal notes API
+   functions did not work as expected.  No in-tree users of the API
+   has such access pattern, but it still is worth fixing.
+
+ * "git receive-pack" could have been forced to die by attempting
+   allocate an unreasonably large amount of memory with a crafted push
+   certificate; this has been fixed.
+   (merge f2214dede9 bc/push-cert-receive-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Update error handling for codepath that deals with corrupt loose
+   objects.
+   (merge 51054177b3 jk/loose-object-info-report-error later to maint).
+
+ * "git diff --submodule=diff" learned to work better in a project
+   with a submodule that in turn has its own submodules.
+   (merge 17b254cda6 sb/show-diff-for-submodule-in-diff-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Update the build dependency so that an update to /usr/bin/perl
+   etc. result in recomputation of perl.mak file.
+   (merge c59c4939c2 ab/regen-perl-mak-with-different-perl later to maint).
+
+ * "git push --recurse-submodules --push-option=<string>" learned to
+   propagate the push option recursively down to pushes in submodules.
+
+ * If a patch e-mail had its first paragraph after an in-body header
+   indented (even after a blank line after the in-body header line),
+   the indented line was mistook as a continuation of the in-body
+   header.  This has been fixed.
+   (merge fd1062e52e lt/mailinfo-in-body-header-continuation later to maint).
+
+ * Clean up fallouts from recent tightening of the set-up sequence,
+   where Git barfs when repository information is accessed without
+   first ensuring that it was started in a repository.
+   (merge bccb22cbb1 jk/no-looking-at-dotgit-outside-repo later to maint).
+
+ * "git p4" used "name-rev HEAD" when it wants to learn what branch is
+   checked out; it should use "symbolic-ref HEAD".
+   (merge eff451101d ld/p4-current-branch-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "http.proxy" set to an empty string is used to disable the usage of
+   proxy.  We broke this early last year.
+   (merge ae51d91105 sr/http-proxy-configuration-fix later to maint).
+
+ * $GIT_DIR may in some cases be normalized with all symlinks resolved
+   while "gitdir" path expansion in the pattern does not receive the
+   same treatment, leading to incorrect mismatch.  This has been fixed.
+
+ * "git submodule" script does not work well with strange pathnames.
+   Protect it from a path with slashes in them, at least.
+
+ * "git fetch-pack" was not prepared to accept ERR packet that the
+   upload-pack can send with a human-readable error message.  It
+   showed the packet contents with ERR prefix, so there was no data
+   loss, but it was redundant to say "ERR" in an error message.
+   (merge 8e2c7bef03 jt/fetch-pack-error-reporting later to maint).
+
+ * "ls-files --recurse-submodules" did not quite work well in a
+   project with nested submodules.
+
+ * gethostname(2) may not NUL terminate the buffer if hostname does
+   not fit; unfortunately there is no easy way to see if our buffer
+   was too small, but at least this will make sure we will not end up
+   using garbage past the end of the buffer.
+   (merge 5781a9a270 dt/xgethostname-nul-termination later to maint).
+
+ * A recent update broke "git add -p ../foo" from a subdirectory.
+
+ * While handy, "git_path()" is a dangerous function to use as a
+   callsite that uses it safely one day can be broken by changes
+   to other code that calls it.  Reduction of its use continues.
+   (merge 16d2676c9e jk/war-on-git-path later to maint).
+
+ * The split-index code configuration code used an unsafe git_path()
+   function without copying its result out.
+
+ * Many stale HTTP(s) links have been updated in our documentation.
+   (merge 613416f0be jk/update-links-in-docs later to maint).
+
+ * "git-shell" rejects a request to serve a repository whose name
+   begins with a dash, which makes it no longer possible to get it
+   confused into spawning service programs like "git-upload-pack" with
+   an option like "--help", which in turn would spawn an interactive
+   pager, instead of working with the repository user asked to access
+   (i.e. the one whose name is "--help").
+
+ * Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups.
+   (merge df2a6e38b7 jk/pager-in-use later to maint).
+   (merge 75ec4a6cb0 ab/branch-list-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 3e5b36c637 sg/skip-prefix-in-prettify-refname later to maint).
+   (merge 2c5e2865cc jk/fast-import-cleanup later to maint).
+   (merge 4473060bc2 ab/test-readme-updates later to maint).
+   (merge 48a96972fd ab/doc-submitting later to maint).
+   (merge f5c2bc2b96 jk/make-coccicheck-detect-errors later to maint).
+   (merge c105f563d1 cc/untracked later to maint).
+   (merge 8668976b53 jc/unused-symbols later to maint).
+   (merge fba275dc93 jc/bs-t-is-not-a-tab-for-sed later to maint).
+   (merge be6ed145de mm/ls-files-s-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 60b091c679 qp/bisect-docfix later to maint).
+   (merge 47242cd103 ah/diff-files-ours-theirs-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 35ad44cbd8 sb/submodule-rm-absorb later to maint).
+   (merge 0301f1fd92 va/i18n-perl-scripts later to maint).
+   (merge 733e064d98 vn/revision-shorthand-for-side-branch-log later to maint).
+   (merge 85999743e7 tb/doc-eol-normalization later to maint).
+   (merge 0747fb49fd jk/loose-object-fsck later to maint).
+   (merge d8f4481c4f jk/quarantine-received-objects later to maint).
+   (merge 7ba1ceef95 xy/format-patch-base later to maint).
+   (merge fa1912c89a rs/misc-cppcheck-fixes later to maint).
+   (merge f17d642d3b ab/push-cas-doc-n-test later to maint).
+   (merge 61e282425a ss/gitmodules-ignore-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 8d3047cd5b ss/submodule-shallow-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 1f9e18b772 jk/prio-queue-avoid-swap-with-self later to maint).
+   (merge 627fde1025 jk/submodule-init-segv-fix later to maint).
+   (merge d395745d81 rg/doc-pull-typofix later to maint).
+   (merge 01e60a9a22 rg/doc-submittingpatches-wordfix later to maint).
+   (merge 501d3cd7b8 sr/hooks-cwd-doc later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ed7cd976d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+Git v2.13.1 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.13
+-----------------
+
+ * The Web interface to gmane news archive is long gone, even though
+   the articles are still accessible via NTTP.  Replace the links with
+   ones to public-inbox.org.  Because their message identification is
+   based on the actual message-id, it is likely that it will be easier
+   to migrate away from it if/when necessary.
+
+ * Update tests to pass under GETTEXT_POISON (a mechanism to ensure
+   that output strings that should not be translated are not
+   translated by mistake), and tell TravisCI to run them.
+
+ * Setting "log.decorate=false" in the configuration file did not take
+   effect in v2.13, which has been corrected.
+
+ * An earlier update to test 7400 needed to be skipped on CYGWIN.
+
+ * Git sometimes gives an advice in a rhetorical question that does
+   not require an answer, which can confuse new users and non native
+   speakers.  Attempt to rephrase them.
+
+ * "git read-tree -m" (no tree-ish) gave a nonsense suggestion "use
+   --empty if you want to clear the index".  With "-m", such a request
+   will still fail anyway, as you'd need to name at least one tree-ish
+   to be merged.
+
+ * The codepath in "git am" that is used when running "git rebase"
+   leaked memory held for the log message of the commits being rebased.
+
+ * "pack-objects" can stream a slice of an existing packfile out when
+   the pack bitmap can tell that the reachable objects are all needed
+   in the output, without inspecting individual objects.  This
+   strategy however would not work well when "--local" and other
+   options are in use, and need to be disabled.
+
+ * Clarify documentation for include.path and includeIf.<condition>.path
+   configuration variables.
+
+ * Tag objects, which are not reachable from any ref, that point at
+   missing objects were mishandled by "git gc" and friends (they
+   should silently be ignored instead)
+
+ * A few http:// links that are redirected to https:// in the
+   documentation have been updated to https:// links.
+
+ * Make sure our tests would pass when the sources are checked out
+   with "platform native" line ending convention by default on
+   Windows.  Some "text" files out tests use and the test scripts
+   themselves that are meant to be run with /bin/sh, ought to be
+   checked out with eol=LF even on Windows.
+
+ * Fix memory leaks pointed out by Coverity (and people).
+
+ * The receive-pack program now makes sure that the push certificate
+   records the same set of push options used for pushing.
+
+ * "git cherry-pick" and other uses of the sequencer machinery
+   mishandled a trailer block whose last line is an incomplete line.
+   This has been fixed so that an additional sign-off etc. are added
+   after completing the existing incomplete line.
+
+ * The shell completion script (in contrib/) learned "git stash" has
+   a new "push" subcommand.
+
+ * Travis CI gained a task to format the documentation with both
+   AsciiDoc and AsciiDoctor.
+
+ * Update the C style recommendation for notes for translators, as
+   recent versions of gettext tools can work with our style of
+   multi-line comments.
+
+ * "git clone --config var=val" is a way to populate the
+   per-repository configuration file of the new repository, but it did
+   not work well when val is an empty string.  This has been fixed.
+
+ * A few codepaths in "checkout" and "am" working on an unborn branch
+   tried to access an uninitialized piece of memory.
+
+ * "git for-each-ref --format=..." with %(HEAD) in the format used to
+   resolve the HEAD symref as many times as it had processed refs,
+   which was wasteful, and "git branch" shared the same problem.
+
+ * "git interpret-trailers", when used as GIT_EDITOR for "git commit
+   -v", looked for and appended to a trailer block at the very end,
+   i.e. at the end of the "diff" output.  The command has been
+   corrected to pay attention to the cut-mark line "commit -v" adds to
+   the buffer---the real trailer block should appear just before it.
+
+ * A test allowed both "git push" and "git receive-pack" on the other
+   end write their traces into the same file.  This is OK on platforms
+   that allows atomically appending to a file opened with O_APPEND,
+   but on other platforms led to a mangled output, causing
+   intermittent test failures.  This has been fixed by disabling
+   traces from "receive-pack" in the test.
+
+ * "foo\bar\baz" in "git fetch foo\bar\baz", even though there is no
+   slashes in it, cannot be a nickname for a remote on Windows, as
+   that is likely to be a pathname on a local filesystem.
+
+ * The "collision detecting" SHA-1 implementation shipped with 2.13
+   was quite broken on some big-endian platforms and/or platforms that
+   do not like unaligned fetches.  Update to the upstream code which
+   has already fixed these issues.
+
+ * "git am -h" triggered a BUG().
+
+ * The interaction of "url.*.insteadOf" and custom URL scheme's
+   whitelisting is now documented better.
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8c2b20071e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+Git v2.13.2 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.13.1
+-------------------
+
+ * The "collision detecting" SHA-1 implementation shipped with 2.13.1
+   was still broken on some platforms.  Update to the upstream code
+   again to take their fix.
+
+ * "git checkout --recurse-submodules" did not quite work with a
+   submodule that itself has submodules.
+
+ * Introduce the BUG() macro to improve die("BUG: ...").
+
+ * The "run-command" API implementation has been made more robust
+   against dead-locking in a threaded environment.
+
+ * A recent update to t5545-push-options.sh started skipping all the
+   tests in the script when a web server testing is disabled or
+   unavailable, not just the ones that require a web server.  Non HTTP
+   tests have been salvaged to always run in this script.
+
+ * "git clean -d" used to clean directories that has ignored files,
+   even though the command should not lose ignored ones without "-x".
+   "git status --ignored"  did not list ignored and untracked files
+   without "-uall".  These have been corrected.
+
+ * The timestamp of the index file is now taken after the file is
+   closed, to help Windows, on which a stale timestamp is reported by
+   fstat() on a file that is opened for writing and data was written
+   but not yet closed.
+
+ * "git pull --rebase --autostash" didn't auto-stash when the local history
+   fast-forwards to the upstream.
+
+ * "git describe --contains" penalized light-weight tags so much that
+   they were almost never considered.  Instead, give them about the
+   same chance to be considered as an annotated tag that is the same
+   age as the underlying commit would.
+
+ * The result from "git diff" that compares two blobs, e.g. "git diff
+   $commit1:$path $commit2:$path", used to be shown with the full
+   object name as given on the command line, but it is more natural to
+   use the $path in the output and use it to look up .gitattributes.
+
+ * A flaky test has been corrected.
+
+ * Help contributors that visit us at GitHub.
+
+ * "git stash push <pathspec>" did not work from a subdirectory at all.
+   Bugfix for a topic in v2.13
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5d76ad5310
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+Git v2.13.3 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.13.2
+-------------------
+
+ * The "collision detecting" SHA-1 implementation shipped with 2.13.2
+   was still broken on some platforms.  Update to the upstream code
+   again to take their fix.
+
+ * The 'diff-highlight' program (in contrib/) has been restructured
+   for easier reuse by an external project 'diff-so-fancy'.
+
+ * "git mergetool" learned to work around a wrapper MacOS X adds
+   around underlying meld.
+
+ * An example in documentation that does not work in multi worktree
+   configuration has been corrected.
+
+ * The pretty-format specifiers like '%h', '%t', etc. had an
+   optimization that no longer works correctly.  In preparation/hope
+   of getting it correctly implemented, first discard the optimization
+   that is broken.
+
+ * The code to pick up and execute command alias definition from the
+   configuration used to switch to the top of the working tree and
+   then come back when the expanded alias was executed, which was
+   unnecessarilyl complex.  Attempt to simplify the logic by using the
+   early-config mechanism that does not chdir around.
+
+ * "git add -p" were updated in 2.12 timeframe to cope with custom
+   core.commentchar but the implementation was buggy and a
+   metacharacter like $ and * did not work.
+
+ * Fix a recent regression to "git rebase -i" and add tests that would
+   have caught it and others.
+
+ * An unaligned 32-bit access in pack-bitmap code ahs been corrected.
+
+ * Tighten error checks for invalid "git apply" input.
+
+ * The split index code did not honor core.sharedrepository setting
+   correctly.
+
+ * The Makefile rule in contrib/subtree for building documentation
+   learned to honour USE_ASCIIDOCTOR just like the main documentation
+   set does.
+
+ * A few tests that tried to verify the contents of push certificates
+   did not use 'git rev-parse' to formulate the line to look for in
+   the certificate correctly.
+
+ * After "git branch --move" of the currently checked out branch, the
+   code to walk the reflog of HEAD via "log -g" and friends
+   incorrectly stopped at the reflog entry that records the renaming
+   of the branch.
+
+ * The rewrite of "git branch --list" using for-each-ref's internals
+   that happened in v2.13 regressed its handling of color.branch.local;
+   this has been fixed.
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9a9f8f9599
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Git v2.13.4 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.13.3
+-------------------
+
+ * Update the character width tables.
+
+ * A recent update broke an alias that contained an uppercase letter,
+   which has been fixed.
+
+ * On Cygwin, similar to Windows, "git push //server/share/repository"
+   ought to mean a repository on a network share that can be accessed
+   locally, but this did not work correctly due to stripping the double
+   slashes at the beginning.
+
+ * The progress meter did not give a useful output when we haven't had
+   0.5 seconds to measure the throughput during the interval.  Instead
+   show the overall throughput rate at the end, which is a much more
+   useful number.
+
+ * We run an early part of "git gc" that deals with refs before
+   daemonising (and not under lock) even when running a background
+   auto-gc, which caused multiple gc processes attempting to run the
+   early part at the same time.  This is now prevented by running the
+   early part also under the GC lock.
+
+Also contains a handful of small code and documentation clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6949fcda78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Git v2.13.5 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release forward-ports the fix for "ssh://..." URL from Git v2.7.6
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..afcae9c808
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+Git v2.13.6 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.13.5
+-------------------
+
+ * "git cvsserver" no longer is invoked by "git daemon" by default,
+   as it is old and largely unmaintained.
+
+ * Various Perl scripts did not use safe_pipe_capture() instead of
+   backticks, leaving them susceptible to end-user input.  They have
+   been corrected.
+
+Credits go to joernchen <joernchen@phenoelit.de> for finding the
+unsafe constructs in "git cvsserver", and to Jeff King at GitHub for
+finding and fixing instances of the same issue in other scripts.
+
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.7.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.7.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..09fc01406c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.7.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+Git v2.13.7 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.13.6
+-------------------
+
+ * Submodule "names" come from the untrusted .gitmodules file, but we
+   blindly append them to $GIT_DIR/modules to create our on-disk repo
+   paths. This means you can do bad things by putting "../" into the
+   name. We now enforce some rules for submodule names which will cause
+   Git to ignore these malicious names (CVE-2018-11235).
+
+   Credit for finding this vulnerability and the proof of concept from
+   which the test script was adapted goes to Etienne Stalmans.
+
+ * It was possible to trick the code that sanity-checks paths on NTFS
+   into reading random piece of memory (CVE-2018-11233).
+
+Credit for fixing for these bugs goes to Jeff King, Johannes
+Schindelin and others.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4246c68ff5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,517 @@
+Git 2.14 Release Notes
+======================
+
+Backward compatibility notes and other notable changes.
+
+ * Use of an empty string as a pathspec element that is used for
+   'everything matches' is still warned and Git asks users to use a
+   more explicit '.' for that instead.  The hope is that existing
+   users will not mind this change, and eventually the warning can be
+   turned into a hard error, upgrading the deprecation into removal of
+   this (mis)feature.  That is not scheduled to happen in the upcoming
+   release (yet).
+
+ * Git now avoids blindly falling back to ".git" when the setup
+   sequence said we are _not_ in Git repository.  A corner case that
+   happens to work right now may be broken by a call to die("BUG").
+   We've tried hard to locate such cases and fixed them, but there
+   might still be cases that need to be addressed--bug reports are
+   greatly appreciated.
+
+ * The experiment to improve the hunk-boundary selection of textual
+   diff output has finished, and the "indent heuristics" has now
+   become the default.
+
+ * Git can now be built with PCRE v2 instead of v1 of the PCRE
+   library. Replace USE_LIBPCRE=YesPlease with USE_LIBPCRE2=YesPlease
+   in existing build scripts to build against the new version.  As the
+   upstream PCRE maintainer has abandoned v1 maintenance for all but
+   the most critical bug fixes, use of v2 is recommended.
+
+
+Updates since v2.13
+-------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * The colors in which "git status --short --branch" showed the names
+   of the current branch and its remote-tracking branch are now
+   configurable.
+
+ * "git clone" learned the "--no-tags" option not to fetch all tags
+   initially, and also set up the tagopt not to follow any tags in
+   subsequent fetches.
+
+ * "git archive --format=zip" learned to use zip64 extension when
+   necessary to go beyond the 4GB limit.
+
+ * "git reset" learned "--recurse-submodules" option.
+
+ * "git diff --submodule=diff" now recurses into nested submodules.
+
+ * "git repack" learned to accept the --threads=<n> option and pass it
+   to pack-objects.
+
+ * "git send-email" learned to run sendemail-validate hook to inspect
+   and reject a message before sending it out.
+
+ * There is no good reason why "git fetch $there $sha1" should fail
+   when the $sha1 names an object at the tip of an advertised ref,
+   even when the other side hasn't enabled allowTipSHA1InWant.
+
+ * The "[includeIf "gitdir:$dir"] path=..." mechanism introduced in
+   2.13.0 would canonicalize the path of the gitdir being matched,
+   and did not match e.g. "gitdir:~/work/*" against a repo in
+   "~/work/main" if "~/work" was a symlink to "/mnt/storage/work".
+   Now we match both the resolved canonical path and what "pwd" would
+   show. The include will happen if either one matches.
+
+ * The "indent" heuristics is now the default in "diff". The
+   diff.indentHeuristic configuration variable can be set to "false"
+   for those who do not want it.
+
+ * Many commands learned to pay attention to submodule.recurse
+   configuration.
+
+ * The convention for a command line is to follow "git cmdname
+   --options" with revisions followed by an optional "--"
+   disambiguator and then finally pathspecs.  When "--" is not there,
+   we make sure early ones are all interpretable as revs (and do not
+   look like paths) and later ones are the other way around.  A
+   pathspec with "magic" (e.g. ":/p/a/t/h" that matches p/a/t/h from
+   the top-level of the working tree, no matter what subdirectory you
+   are working from) are conservatively judged as "not a path", which
+   required disambiguation more often.  The command line parser
+   learned to say "it's a pathspec" a bit more often when the syntax
+   looks like so.
+
+ * Update "perl-compatible regular expression" support to enable JIT
+   and also allow linking with the newer PCRE v2 library.
+
+ * "filter-branch" learned a pseudo filter "--setup" that can be used
+   to define common functions/variables that can be used by other
+   filters.
+
+ * Using "git add d/i/r" when d/i/r is the top of the working tree of
+   a separate repository would create a gitlink in the index, which
+   would appear as a not-quite-initialized submodule to others.  We
+   learned to give warnings when this happens.
+
+ * "git status" learned to optionally give how many stash entries there
+   are in its output.
+
+ * "git status" has long shown essentially the same message as "git
+   commit"; the message it gives while preparing for the root commit,
+   i.e. "Initial commit", was hard to understand for some new users.
+   Now it says "No commits yet" to stress more on the current status
+   (rather than the commit the user is preparing for, which is more in
+   line with the focus of "git commit").
+
+ * "git send-email" now has --batch-size and --relogin-delay options
+    which can be used to overcome limitations on SMTP servers that
+    restrict on how many of e-mails can be sent in a single session.
+
+ * An old message shown in the commit log template was removed, as it
+   has outlived its usefulness.
+
+ * "git pull --rebase --recurse-submodules" learns to rebase the
+   branch in the submodules to an updated base.
+
+ * "git log" learned -P as a synonym for --perl-regexp, "git grep"
+   already had such a synonym.
+
+ * "git log" didn't understand --regexp-ignore-case when combined with
+   --perl-regexp. This has been fixed.
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
+
+ * The default packed-git limit value has been raised on larger
+   platforms to save "git fetch" from a (recoverable) failure while
+   "gc" is running in parallel.
+
+ * Code to update the cache-tree has been tightened so that we won't
+   accidentally write out any 0{40} entry in the tree object.
+
+ * Attempt to allow us notice "fishy" situation where we fail to
+   remove the temporary directory used during the test.
+
+ * Travis CI gained a task to format the documentation with both
+   AsciiDoc and AsciiDoctor.
+
+ * Some platforms have ulong that is smaller than time_t, and our
+   historical use of ulong for timestamp would mean they cannot
+   represent some timestamp that the platform allows.  Invent a
+   separate and dedicated timestamp_t (so that we can distingiuish
+   timestamps and a vanilla ulongs, which along is already a good
+   move), and then declare uintmax_t is the type to be used as the
+   timestamp_t.
+
+ * We can trigger Windows auto-build tester (credits: Dscho &
+   Microsoft) from our existing Travis CI tester now.
+
+ * Conversion from uchar[20] to struct object_id continues.
+
+ * Simplify parse_pathspec() codepath and stop it from looking at the
+   default in-core index.
+
+ * Add perf-test for wildmatch.
+
+ * Code from "conversion using external process" codepath has been
+   extracted to a separate sub-process.[ch] module.
+
+ * When "git checkout", "git merge", etc. manipulates the in-core
+   index, various pieces of information in the index extensions are
+   discarded from the original state, as it is usually not the case
+   that they are kept up-to-date and in-sync with the operation on the
+   main index.  The untracked cache extension is copied across these
+   operations now, which would speed up "git status" (as long as the
+   cache is properly invalidated).
+
+ * The internal implementation of "git grep" has seen some clean-up.
+
+ * Update the C style recommendation for notes for translators, as
+   recent versions of gettext tools can work with our style of
+   multi-line comments.
+
+ * The implementation of "ref" API around the "packed refs" have been
+   cleaned up, in preparation for further changes.
+
+ * The internal logic used in "git blame" has been libified to make it
+   easier to use by cgit.
+
+ * Our code often opens a path to an optional file, to work on its
+   contents when we can successfully open it.  We can ignore a failure
+   to open if such an optional file does not exist, but we do want to
+   report a failure in opening for other reasons (e.g. we got an I/O
+   error, or the file is there, but we lack the permission to open).
+
+   The exact errors we need to ignore are ENOENT (obviously) and
+   ENOTDIR (less obvious).  Instead of repeating comparison of errno
+   with these two constants, introduce a helper function to do so.
+
+ * We often try to open a file for reading whose existence is
+   optional, and silently ignore errors from open/fopen; report such
+   errors if they are not due to missing files.
+
+ * When an existing repository is used for t/perf testing, we first
+   create bit-for-bit copy of it, which may grab a transient state of
+   the repository and freeze it into the repository used for testing,
+   which then may cause Git operations to fail.  Single out "the index
+   being locked" case and forcibly drop the lock from the copy.
+
+ * Three instances of the same helper function have been consolidated
+   to one.
+
+ * "fast-import" uses a default pack chain depth that is consistent
+   with other parts of the system.
+
+ * A new test to show the interaction between the pattern [^a-z]
+   (which matches '/') and a slash in a path has been added.  The
+   pattern should not match the slash with "pathmatch", but should
+   with "wildmatch".
+
+ * The 'diff-highlight' program (in contrib/) has been restructured
+   for easier reuse by an external project 'diff-so-fancy'.
+
+ * A common pattern to free a piece of memory and assign NULL to the
+   pointer that used to point at it has been replaced with a new
+   FREE_AND_NULL() macro.
+
+ * Traditionally, the default die() routine had a code to prevent it
+   from getting called multiple times, which interacted badly when a
+   threaded program used it (one downside is that the real error may
+   be hidden and instead the only error message given to the user may
+   end up being "die recursion detected", which is not very useful).
+
+ * Introduce a "repository" object to eventually make it easier to
+   work in multiple repositories (the primary focus is to work with
+   the superproject and its submodules) in a single process.
+
+ * Optimize "what are the object names already taken in an alternate
+   object database?" query that is used to derive the length of prefix
+   an object name is uniquely abbreviated to.
+
+ * The hashmap API has been updated so that data to customize the
+   behaviour of the comparison function can be specified at the time a
+   hashmap is initialized.
+
+ * The "collision detecting" SHA-1 implementation shipped with 2.13 is
+   now integrated into git.git as a submodule (the first submodule to
+   ship with git.git). Clone git.git with --recurse-submodules to get
+   it. For now a non-submodule copy of the same code is also shipped
+   as part of the tree.
+
+ * A recent update made it easier to use "-fsanitize=" option while
+   compiling but supported only one sanitize option.  Allow more than
+   one to be combined, joined with a comma, like "make SANITIZE=foo,bar".
+
+ * Use "p4 -G" to make "p4 changes" output more Python-friendly
+   to parse.
+
+ * We started using "%" PRItime, imitating "%" PRIuMAX and friends, as
+   a way to format the internal timestamp value, but this does not
+   play well with gettext(1) i18n framework, and causes "make pot"
+   that is run by the l10n coordinator to create a broken po/git.pot
+   file.  This is a possible workaround for that problem.
+
+ * It turns out that Cygwin also needs the fopen() wrapper that
+   returns failure when a directory is opened for reading.
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v2.13
+-----------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.13 in the maintenance
+track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
+notes for details).
+
+ * "git gc" did not interact well with "git worktree"-managed
+   per-worktree refs.
+
+ * "git cherry-pick" and other uses of the sequencer machinery
+   mishandled a trailer block whose last line is an incomplete line.
+   This has been fixed so that an additional sign-off etc. are added
+   after completing the existing incomplete line.
+
+ * The codepath in "git am" that is used when running "git rebase"
+   leaked memory held for the log message of the commits being rebased.
+
+ * "git clone --config var=val" is a way to populate the
+   per-repository configuration file of the new repository, but it did
+   not work well when val is an empty string.  This has been fixed.
+
+ * Setting "log.decorate=false" in the configuration file did not take
+   effect in v2.13, which has been corrected.
+
+ * A few codepaths in "checkout" and "am" working on an unborn branch
+   tried to access an uninitialized piece of memory.
+
+ * The Web interface to gmane news archive is long gone, even though
+   the articles are still accessible via NTTP.  Replace the links with
+   ones to public-inbox.org.  Because their message identification is
+   based on the actual message-id, it is likely that it will be easier
+   to migrate away from it if/when necessary.
+
+ * The receive-pack program now makes sure that the push certificate
+   records the same set of push options used for pushing.
+
+ * Tests have been updated to pass under GETTEXT_POISON (a mechanism
+   to ensure that output strings that should not be translated are
+   not translated by mistake), and TravisCI is told to run them.
+
+ * "git checkout --recurse-submodules" did not quite work with a
+   submodule that itself has submodules.
+
+ * "pack-objects" can stream a slice of an existing packfile out when
+   the pack bitmap can tell that the reachable objects are all needed
+   in the output, without inspecting individual objects.  This
+   strategy however would not work well when "--local" and other
+   options are in use, and need to be disabled.
+
+ * Fix memory leaks pointed out by Coverity (and people).
+
+ * "git read-tree -m" (no tree-ish) gave a nonsense suggestion "use
+   --empty if you want to clear the index".  With "-m", such a request
+   will still fail anyway, as you'd need to name at least one tree-ish
+   to be merged.
+
+ * Make sure our tests would pass when the sources are checked out
+   with "platform native" line ending convention by default on
+   Windows.  Some "text" files out tests use and the test scripts
+   themselves that are meant to be run with /bin/sh, ought to be
+   checked out with eol=LF even on Windows.
+
+ * Introduce the BUG() macro to improve die("BUG: ...").
+
+ * Clarify documentation for include.path and includeIf.<condition>.path
+   configuration variables.
+
+ * Git sometimes gives an advice in a rhetorical question that does
+   not require an answer, which can confuse new users and non native
+   speakers.  Attempt to rephrase them.
+
+ * A few http:// links that are redirected to https:// in the
+   documentation have been updated to https:// links.
+
+ * "git for-each-ref --format=..." with %(HEAD) in the format used to
+   resolve the HEAD symref as many times as it had processed refs,
+   which was wasteful, and "git branch" shared the same problem.
+
+ * Regression fix to topic recently merged to 'master'.
+
+ * The shell completion script (in contrib/) learned "git stash" has
+   a new "push" subcommand.
+
+ * "git interpret-trailers", when used as GIT_EDITOR for "git commit
+   -v", looked for and appended to a trailer block at the very end,
+   i.e. at the end of the "diff" output.  The command has been
+   corrected to pay attention to the cut-mark line "commit -v" adds to
+   the buffer---the real trailer block should appear just before it.
+
+ * A test allowed both "git push" and "git receive-pack" on the other
+   end write their traces into the same file.  This is OK on platforms
+   that allows atomically appending to a file opened with O_APPEND,
+   but on other platforms led to a mangled output, causing
+   intermittent test failures.  This has been fixed by disabling
+   traces from "receive-pack" in the test.
+
+ * Tag objects, which are not reachable from any ref, that point at
+   missing objects were mishandled by "git gc" and friends (they
+   should silently be ignored instead)
+
+ * "git describe --contains" penalized light-weight tags so much that
+   they were almost never considered.  Instead, give them about the
+   same chance to be considered as an annotated tag that is the same
+   age as the underlying commit would.
+
+ * The "run-command" API implementation has been made more robust
+   against dead-locking in a threaded environment.
+
+ * A recent update to t5545-push-options.sh started skipping all the
+   tests in the script when a web server testing is disabled or
+   unavailable, not just the ones that require a web server.  Non HTTP
+   tests have been salvaged to always run in this script.
+
+ * "git send-email" now uses Net::SMTP::SSL, which is obsolete, only
+   when needed.  Recent versions of Net::SMTP can do TLS natively.
+
+ * "foo\bar\baz" in "git fetch foo\bar\baz", even though there is no
+   slashes in it, cannot be a nickname for a remote on Windows, as
+   that is likely to be a pathname on a local filesystem.
+
+ * "git clean -d" used to clean directories that has ignored files,
+   even though the command should not lose ignored ones without "-x".
+   "git status --ignored"  did not list ignored and untracked files
+   without "-uall".  These have been corrected.
+
+ * The result from "git diff" that compares two blobs, e.g. "git diff
+   $commit1:$path $commit2:$path", used to be shown with the full
+   object name as given on the command line, but it is more natural to
+   use the $path in the output and use it to look up .gitattributes.
+
+ * The "collision detecting" SHA-1 implementation shipped with 2.13
+   was quite broken on some big-endian platforms and/or platforms that
+   do not like unaligned fetches.  Update to the upstream code which
+   has already fixed these issues.
+
+ * "git am -h" triggered a BUG().
+
+ * The interaction of "url.*.insteadOf" and custom URL scheme's
+   whitelisting is now documented better.
+
+ * The timestamp of the index file is now taken after the file is
+   closed, to help Windows, on which a stale timestamp is reported by
+   fstat() on a file that is opened for writing and data was written
+   but not yet closed.
+
+ * "git pull --rebase --autostash" didn't auto-stash when the local history
+   fast-forwards to the upstream.
+
+ * A flaky test has been corrected.
+
+ * "git $cmd -h" for builtin commands calls the implementation of the
+   command (i.e. cmd_$cmd() function) without doing any repository
+   set-up, and the commands that expect RUN_SETUP is done by the Git
+   potty needs to be prepared to show the help text without barfing.
+   (merge d691551192 jk/consistent-h later to maint).
+
+ * Help contributors that visit us at GitHub.
+
+ * "git stash push <pathspec>" did not work from a subdirectory at all.
+   Bugfix for a topic in v2.13
+
+ * As there is no portable way to pass timezone information to
+   strftime, some output format from "git log" and friends are
+   impossible to produce.  Teach our own strbuf_addftime to replace %z
+   and %Z with caller-supplied values to help working around this.
+   (merge 6eced3ec5e rs/strbuf-addftime-zZ later to maint).
+
+ * "git mergetool" learned to work around a wrapper MacOS X adds
+   around underlying meld.
+
+ * An example in documentation that does not work in multi worktree
+   configuration has been corrected.
+
+ * The pretty-format specifiers like '%h', '%t', etc. had an
+   optimization that no longer works correctly.  In preparation/hope
+   of getting it correctly implemented, first discard the optimization
+   that is broken.
+
+ * The code to pick up and execute command alias definition from the
+   configuration used to switch to the top of the working tree and
+   then come back when the expanded alias was executed, which was
+   unnecessarilyl complex.  Attempt to simplify the logic by using the
+   early-config mechanism that does not chdir around.
+
+ * Fix configuration codepath to pay proper attention to commondir
+   that is used in multi-worktree situation, and isolate config API
+   into its own header file.
+   (merge dc8441fdb4 bw/config-h later to maint).
+
+ * "git add -p" were updated in 2.12 timeframe to cope with custom
+   core.commentchar but the implementation was buggy and a
+   metacharacter like $ and * did not work.
+
+ * A recent regression in "git rebase -i" has been fixed and tests
+   that would have caught it and others have been added.
+
+ * An unaligned 32-bit access in pack-bitmap code has been corrected.
+
+ * Tighten error checks for invalid "git apply" input.
+
+ * The split index code did not honor core.sharedRepository setting
+   correctly.
+
+ * The Makefile rule in contrib/subtree for building documentation
+   learned to honour USE_ASCIIDOCTOR just like the main documentation
+   set does.
+
+ * Code clean-up to fix possible buffer over-reading.
+
+ * A few tests that tried to verify the contents of push certificates
+   did not use 'git rev-parse' to formulate the line to look for in
+   the certificate correctly.
+
+ * Update the character width tables.
+
+ * After "git branch --move" of the currently checked out branch, the
+   code to walk the reflog of HEAD via "log -g" and friends
+   incorrectly stopped at the reflog entry that records the renaming
+   of the branch.
+
+ * The rewrite of "git branch --list" using for-each-ref's internals
+   that happened in v2.13 regressed its handling of color.branch.local;
+   this has been fixed.
+
+ * The build procedure has been improved to allow building and testing
+   Git with address sanitizer more easily.
+   (merge 425ca6710b jk/build-with-asan later to maint).
+
+ * On Cygwin, similar to Windows, "git push //server/share/repository"
+   ought to mean a repository on a network share that can be accessed
+   locally, but this did not work correctly due to stripping the double
+   slashes at the beginning.
+
+ * The progress meter did not give a useful output when we haven't had
+   0.5 seconds to measure the throughput during the interval.  Instead
+   show the overall throughput rate at the end, which is a much more
+   useful number.
+
+ * Code clean-up, that makes us in sync with Debian by one patch.
+
+ * We run an early part of "git gc" that deals with refs before
+   daemonising (and not under lock) even when running a background
+   auto-gc, which caused multiple gc processes attempting to run the
+   early part at the same time.  This is now prevented by running the
+   early part also under the GC lock.
+
+ * A recent update broke an alias that contained an uppercase letter.
+
+ * Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups.
+   (merge 5053313562 rs/urlmatch-cleanup later to maint).
+   (merge 42c78a216e rs/use-div-round-up later to maint).
+   (merge 5e8d2729ae rs/wt-status-cleanup later to maint).
+   (merge bc9b7e207f as/diff-options-grammofix later to maint).
+   (merge ac05222b31 ah/patch-id-doc later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9403340f7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Git v2.14.1 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release forward-ports the fix for "ssh://..." URL from Git v2.7.6
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bec9186ade
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+Git v2.14.2 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.14.1
+-------------------
+
+ * Because recent Git for Windows do come with a real msgfmt, the
+   build procedure for git-gui has been updated to use it instead of a
+   hand-rolled substitute.
+
+ * "%C(color name)" in the pretty print format always produced ANSI
+   color escape codes, which was an early design mistake.  They now
+   honor the configuration (e.g. "color.ui = never") and also tty-ness
+   of the output medium.
+
+ * The http.{sslkey,sslCert} configuration variables are to be
+   interpreted as a pathname that honors "~[username]/" prefix, but
+   weren't, which has been fixed.
+
+ * Numerous bugs in walking of reflogs via "log -g" and friends have
+   been fixed.
+
+ * "git commit" when seeing an totally empty message said "you did not
+   edit the message", which is clearly wrong.  The message has been
+   corrected.
+
+ * When a directory is not readable, "gitweb" fails to build the
+   project list.  Work this around by skipping such a directory.
+
+ * A recently added test for the "credential-cache" helper revealed
+   that EOF detection done around the time the connection to the cache
+   daemon is torn down were flaky.  This was fixed by reacting to
+   ECONNRESET and behaving as if we got an EOF.
+
+ * Some versions of GnuPG fail to kill gpg-agent it auto-spawned
+   and such a left-over agent can interfere with a test.  Work it
+   around by attempting to kill one before starting a new test.
+
+ * "git log --tag=no-such-tag" showed log starting from HEAD, which
+   has been fixed---it now shows nothing.
+
+ * The "tag.pager" configuration variable was useless for those who
+   actually create tag objects, as it interfered with the use of an
+   editor.  A new mechanism has been introduced for commands to enable
+   pager depending on what operation is being carried out to fix this,
+   and then "git tag -l" is made to run pager by default.
+
+ * "git push --recurse-submodules $there HEAD:$target" was not
+   propagated down to the submodules, but now it is.
+
+ * Commands like "git rebase" accepted the --rerere-autoupdate option
+   from the command line, but did not always use it.  This has been
+   fixed.
+
+ * "git clone --recurse-submodules --quiet" did not pass the quiet
+   option down to submodules.
+
+ * "git am -s" has been taught that some input may end with a trailer
+   block that is not Signed-off-by: and it should refrain from adding
+   an extra blank line before adding a new sign-off in such a case.
+
+ * "git svn" used with "--localtime" option did not compute the tz
+   offset for the timestamp in question and instead always used the
+   current time, which has been corrected.
+
+ * Memory leaks in a few error codepaths have been plugged.
+
+ * bash 4.4 or newer gave a warning on NUL byte in command
+   substitution done in "git stash"; this has been squelched.
+
+ * "git grep -L" and "git grep --quiet -L" reported different exit
+   codes; this has been corrected.
+
+ * When handshake with a subprocess filter notices that the process
+   asked for an unknown capability, Git did not report what program
+   the offending subprocess was running.  This has been corrected.
+
+ * "git apply" that is used as a better "patch -p1" failed to apply a
+   taken from a file with CRLF line endings to a file with CRLF line
+   endings.  The root cause was because it misused convert_to_git()
+   that tried to do "safe-crlf" processing by looking at the index
+   entry at the same path, which is a nonsense---in that mode, "apply"
+   is not working on the data in (or derived from) the index at all.
+   This has been fixed.
+
+ * Killing "git merge --edit" before the editor returns control left
+   the repository in a state with MERGE_MSG but without MERGE_HEAD,
+   which incorrectly tells the subsequent "git commit" that there was
+   a squash merge in progress.  This has been fixed.
+
+ * "git archive" did not work well with pathspecs and the
+   export-ignore attribute.
+
+ * "git cvsserver" no longer is invoked by "git daemon" by default,
+   as it is old and largely unmaintained.
+
+ * Various Perl scripts did not use safe_pipe_capture() instead of
+   backticks, leaving them susceptible to end-user input.  They have
+   been corrected.
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+Credits go to joernchen <joernchen@phenoelit.de> for finding the
+unsafe constructs in "git cvsserver", and to Jeff King at GitHub for
+finding and fixing instances of the same issue in other scripts.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..977c9e857c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+Git v2.14.3 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.14.2
+-------------------
+
+ * A helper function to read a single whole line into strbuf
+   mistakenly triggered OOM error at EOF under certain conditions,
+   which has been fixed.
+
+ * In addition to "cc: <a@dd.re.ss> # cruft", "cc: a@dd.re.ss # cruft"
+   was taught to "git send-email" as a valid way to tell it that it
+   needs to also send a carbon copy to <a@dd.re.ss> in the trailer
+   section.
+
+ * Fix regression to "gitk --bisect" by a recent update.
+
+ * Unlike "git commit-tree < file", "git commit-tree -F file" did not
+   pass the contents of the file verbatim and instead completed an
+   incomplete line at the end, if exists.  The latter has been updated
+   to match the behaviour of the former.
+
+ * "git archive", especially when used with pathspec, stored an empty
+   directory in its output, even though Git itself never does so.
+   This has been fixed.
+
+ * API error-proofing which happens to also squelch warnings from GCC.
+
+ * "git gc" tries to avoid running two instances at the same time by
+   reading and writing pid/host from and to a lock file; it used to
+   use an incorrect fscanf() format when reading, which has been
+   corrected.
+
+ * The test linter has been taught that we do not like "echo -e".
+
+ * Code cmp.std.c nitpick.
+
+ * "git describe --match" learned to take multiple patterns in v2.13
+   series, but the feature ignored the patterns after the first one
+   and did not work at all.  This has been fixed.
+
+ * "git cat-file --textconv" started segfaulting recently, which
+   has been corrected.
+
+ * The built-in pattern to detect the "function header" for HTML did
+   not match <H1>..<H6> elements without any attributes, which has
+   been fixed.
+
+ * "git mailinfo" was loose in decoding quoted printable and produced
+   garbage when the two letters after the equal sign are not
+   hexadecimal.  This has been fixed.
+
+ * The documentation for '-X<option>' for merges was misleadingly
+   written to suggest that "-s theirs" exists, which is not the case.
+
+ * Spell the name of our system as "Git" in the output from
+   request-pull script.
+
+ * Fixes for a handful memory access issues identified by valgrind.
+
+ * Backports a moral equivalent of 2015 fix to the poll emulation from
+   the upstream gnulib to fix occasional breakages on HPE NonStop.
+
+ * In the "--format=..." option of the "git for-each-ref" command (and
+   its friends, i.e. the listing mode of "git branch/tag"), "%(atom:)"
+   (e.g. "%(refname:)", "%(body:)" used to error out.  Instead, treat
+   them as if the colon and an empty string that follows it were not
+   there.
+
+ * Users with "color.ui = always" in their configuration were broken
+   by a recent change that made plumbing commands to pay attention to
+   them as the patch created internally by "git add -p" were colored
+   (heh) and made unusable.  This has been fixed.
+
+ * "git branch -M a b" while on a branch that is completely unrelated
+   to either branch a or branch b misbehaved when multiple worktree
+   was in use.  This has been fixed.
+
+ * "git fast-export" with -M/-C option issued "copy" instruction on a
+   path that is simultaneously modified, which was incorrect.
+
+ * The checkpoint command "git fast-import" did not flush updates to
+   refs and marks unless at least one object was created since the
+   last checkpoint, which has been corrected, as these things can
+   happen without any new object getting created.
+
+ * The scripts to drive TravisCI has been reorganized and then an
+   optimization to avoid spending cycles on a branch whose tip is
+   tagged has been implemented.
+
+ * "git fetch <there> <src>:<dst>" allows an object name on the <src>
+   side when the other side accepts such a request since Git v2.5, but
+   the documentation was left stale.
+
+ * A regression in 2.11 that made the code to read the list of
+   alternate object stores overrun the end of the string has been
+   fixed.
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..97755a89d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Git v2.14.4 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release is to forward-port the fixes made in the v2.13.7 version
+of Git.  See its release notes for details.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.15.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.15.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cdd761bcc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.15.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,508 @@
+Git 2.15 Release Notes
+======================
+
+Backward compatibility notes and other notable changes.
+
+ * Use of an empty string as a pathspec element that is used for
+   'everything matches' is still warned and Git asks users to use a
+   more explicit '.' for that instead.  The hope is that existing
+   users will not mind this change, and eventually the warning can be
+   turned into a hard error, upgrading the deprecation into removal of
+   this (mis)feature.  That is now scheduled to happen in Git v2.16,
+   the next major release after this one.
+
+ * Git now avoids blindly falling back to ".git" when the setup
+   sequence said we are _not_ in Git repository.  A corner case that
+   happens to work right now may be broken by a call to BUG().
+   We've tried hard to locate such cases and fixed them, but there
+   might still be cases that need to be addressed--bug reports are
+   greatly appreciated.
+
+ * "branch --set-upstream" that has been deprecated in Git 1.8 has
+   finally been retired.
+
+
+Updates since v2.14
+-------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * An example that is now obsolete has been removed from a sample hook,
+   and an old example in it that added a sign-off manually has been
+   improved to use the interpret-trailers command.
+
+ * The advice message given when "git rebase" stops for conflicting
+   changes has been improved.
+
+ * The "rerere-train" script (in contrib/) learned the "--overwrite"
+   option to allow overwriting existing recorded resolutions.
+
+ * "git contacts" (in contrib/) now lists the address on the
+   "Reported-by:" trailer to its output, in addition to those on
+   S-o-b: and other trailers, to make it easier to notify (and thank)
+   the original bug reporter.
+
+ * "git rebase", especially when it is run by mistake and ends up
+   trying to replay many changes, spent long time in silence.  The
+   command has been taught to show progress report when it spends
+   long time preparing these many changes to replay (which would give
+   the user a chance to abort with ^C).
+
+ * "git merge" learned a "--signoff" option to add the Signed-off-by:
+   trailer with the committer's name.
+
+ * "git diff" learned to optionally paint new lines that are the same
+   as deleted lines elsewhere differently from genuinely new lines.
+
+ * "git interpret-trailers" learned to take the trailer specifications
+   from the command line that overrides the configured values.
+
+ * "git interpret-trailers" has been taught a "--parse" and a few
+   other options to make it easier for scripts to grab existing
+   trailer lines from a commit log message.
+
+ * The "--format=%(trailers)" option "git log" and its friends take
+   learned to take the 'unfold' and 'only' modifiers to normalize its
+   output, e.g. "git log --format=%(trailers:only,unfold)".
+
+ * "gitweb" shows a link to visit the 'raw' contents of blobs in the
+   history overview page.
+
+ * "[gc] rerereResolved = 5.days" used to be invalid, as the variable
+   is defined to take an integer counting the number of days.  It now
+   is allowed.
+
+ * The code to acquire a lock on a reference (e.g. while accepting a
+   push from a client) used to immediately fail when the reference is
+   already locked---now it waits for a very short while and retries,
+   which can make it succeed if the lock holder was holding it during
+   a read-only operation.
+
+ * "branch --set-upstream" that has been deprecated in Git 1.8 has
+   finally been retired.
+
+ * The codepath to call external process filter for smudge/clean
+   operation learned to show the progress meter.
+
+ * "git rev-parse" learned "--is-shallow-repository", that is to be
+   used in a way similar to existing "--is-bare-repository" and
+   friends.
+
+ * "git describe --match <pattern>" has been taught to play well with
+   the "--all" option.
+
+ * "git branch" learned "-c/-C" to create a new branch by copying an
+   existing one.
+
+ * Some commands (most notably "git status") makes an opportunistic
+   update when performing a read-only operation to help optimize later
+   operations in the same repository.  The new "--no-optional-locks"
+   option can be passed to Git to disable them.
+
+ * "git for-each-ref --format=..." learned a new format element,
+   %(trailers), to show only the commit log trailer part of the log
+   message.
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
+
+ * Conversion from uchar[20] to struct object_id continues.
+
+ * Start using selected c99 constructs in small, stable and
+   essential part of the system to catch people who care about
+   older compilers that do not grok them.
+
+ * The filter-process interface learned to allow a process with long
+   latency give a "delayed" response.
+
+ * Many uses of comparison callback function the hashmap API uses
+   cast the callback function type when registering it to
+   hashmap_init(), which defeats the compile time type checking when
+   the callback interface changes (e.g. gaining more parameters).
+   The callback implementations have been updated to take "void *"
+   pointers and cast them to the type they expect instead.
+
+ * Because recent Git for Windows do come with a real msgfmt, the
+   build procedure for git-gui has been updated to use it instead of a
+   hand-rolled substitute.
+
+ * "git grep --recurse-submodules" has been reworked to give a more
+   consistent output across submodule boundary (and do its thing
+   without having to fork a separate process).
+
+ * A helper function to read a single whole line into strbuf
+   mistakenly triggered OOM error at EOF under certain conditions,
+   which has been fixed.
+
+ * The "ref-store" code reorganization continues.
+
+ * "git commit" used to discard the index and re-read from the filesystem
+   just in case the pre-commit hook has updated it in the middle; this
+   has been optimized out when we know we do not run the pre-commit hook.
+   (merge 680ee550d7 kw/commit-keep-index-when-pre-commit-is-not-run later to maint).
+
+ * Updates to the HTTP layer we made recently unconditionally used
+   features of libCurl without checking the existence of them, causing
+   compilation errors, which has been fixed.  Also migrate the code to
+   check feature macros, not version numbers, to cope better with
+   libCurl that vendor ships with backported features.
+
+ * The API to start showing progress meter after a short delay has
+   been simplified.
+   (merge 8aade107dd jc/simplify-progress later to maint).
+
+ * Code clean-up to avoid mixing values read from the .gitmodules file
+   and values read from the .git/config file.
+
+ * We used to spend more than necessary cycles allocating and freeing
+   piece of memory while writing each index entry out.  This has been
+   optimized.
+
+ * Platforms that ship with a separate sha1 with collision detection
+   library can link to it instead of using the copy we ship as part of
+   our source tree.
+
+ * Code around "notes" have been cleaned up.
+   (merge 3964281524 mh/notes-cleanup later to maint).
+
+ * The long-standing rule that an in-core lockfile instance, once it
+   is used, must not be freed, has been lifted and the lockfile and
+   tempfile APIs have been updated to reduce the chance of programming
+   errors.
+
+ * Our hashmap implementation in hashmap.[ch] is not thread-safe when
+   adding a new item needs to expand the hashtable by rehashing; add
+   an API to disable the automatic rehashing to work it around.
+
+ * Many of our programs consider that it is OK to release dynamic
+   storage that is used throughout the life of the program by simply
+   exiting, but this makes it harder to leak detection tools to avoid
+   reporting false positives.  Plug many existing leaks and introduce
+   a mechanism for developers to mark that the region of memory
+   pointed by a pointer is not lost/leaking to help these tools.
+
+ * As "git commit" to conclude a conflicted "git merge" honors the
+   commit-msg hook, "git merge" that records a merge commit that
+   cleanly auto-merges should, but it didn't.
+
+ * The codepath for "git merge-recursive" has been cleaned up.
+
+ * Many leaks of strbuf have been fixed.
+
+ * "git imap-send" has our own implementation of the protocol and also
+   can use more recent libCurl with the imap protocol support.  Update
+   the latter so that it can use the credential subsystem, and then
+   make it the default option to use, so that we can eventually
+   deprecate and remove the former.
+
+ * "make style" runs git-clang-format to help developers by pointing
+   out coding style issues.
+
+ * A test to demonstrate "git mv" failing to adjust nested submodules
+   has been added.
+   (merge c514167df2 hv/mv-nested-submodules-test later to maint).
+
+ * On Cygwin, "ulimit -s" does not report failure but it does not work
+   at all, which causes an unexpected success of some tests that
+   expect failures under a limited stack situation.  This has been
+   fixed.
+
+ * Many codepaths have been updated to squelch -Wimplicit-fallthrough
+   warnings from Gcc 7 (which is a good code hygiene).
+
+ * Add a helper for DLL loading in anticipation for its need in a
+   future topic RSN.
+
+ * "git status --ignored", when noticing that a directory without any
+   tracked path is ignored, still enumerated all the ignored paths in
+   the directory, which is unnecessary.  The codepath has been
+   optimized to avoid this overhead.
+
+ * The final batch to "git rebase -i" updates to move more code from
+   the shell script to C has been merged.
+
+ * Operations that do not touch (majority of) packed refs have been
+   optimized by making accesses to packed-refs file lazy; we no longer
+   pre-parse everything, and an access to a single ref in the
+   packed-refs does not touch majority of irrelevant refs, either.
+
+ * Add comment to clarify that the style file is meant to be used with
+   clang-5 and the rules are still work in progress.
+
+ * Many variables that points at a region of memory that will live
+   throughout the life of the program have been marked with UNLEAK
+   marker to help the leak checkers concentrate on real leaks..
+
+ * Plans for weaning us off of SHA-1 has been documented.
+
+ * A new "oidmap" API has been introduced and oidset API has been
+   rewritten to use it.
+
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v2.14
+-----------------
+
+ * "%C(color name)" in the pretty print format always produced ANSI
+   color escape codes, which was an early design mistake.  They now
+   honor the configuration (e.g. "color.ui = never") and also tty-ness
+   of the output medium.
+
+ * The http.{sslkey,sslCert} configuration variables are to be
+   interpreted as a pathname that honors "~[username]/" prefix, but
+   weren't, which has been fixed.
+
+ * Numerous bugs in walking of reflogs via "log -g" and friends have
+   been fixed.
+
+ * "git commit" when seeing an totally empty message said "you did not
+   edit the message", which is clearly wrong.  The message has been
+   corrected.
+
+ * When a directory is not readable, "gitweb" fails to build the
+   project list.  Work this around by skipping such a directory.
+
+ * Some versions of GnuPG fails to kill gpg-agent it auto-spawned
+   and such a left-over agent can interfere with a test.  Work it
+   around by attempting to kill one before starting a new test.
+
+ * A recently added test for the "credential-cache" helper revealed
+   that EOF detection done around the time the connection to the cache
+   daemon is torn down were flaky.  This was fixed by reacting to
+   ECONNRESET and behaving as if we got an EOF.
+
+ * "git log --tag=no-such-tag" showed log starting from HEAD, which
+   has been fixed---it now shows nothing.
+
+ * The "tag.pager" configuration variable was useless for those who
+   actually create tag objects, as it interfered with the use of an
+   editor.  A new mechanism has been introduced for commands to enable
+   pager depending on what operation is being carried out to fix this,
+   and then "git tag -l" is made to run pager by default.
+
+ * "git push --recurse-submodules $there HEAD:$target" was not
+   propagated down to the submodules, but now it is.
+
+ * Commands like "git rebase" accepted the --rerere-autoupdate option
+   from the command line, but did not always use it.  This has been
+   fixed.
+
+ * "git clone --recurse-submodules --quiet" did not pass the quiet
+   option down to submodules.
+
+ * Test portability fix for OBSD.
+
+ * Portability fix for OBSD.
+
+ * "git am -s" has been taught that some input may end with a trailer
+   block that is not Signed-off-by: and it should refrain from adding
+   an extra blank line before adding a new sign-off in such a case.
+
+ * "git svn" used with "--localtime" option did not compute the tz
+   offset for the timestamp in question and instead always used the
+   current time, which has been corrected.
+
+ * Memory leak in an error codepath has been plugged.
+
+ * "git stash -u" used the contents of the committed version of the
+   ".gitignore" file to decide which paths are ignored, even when the
+   file has local changes.  The command has been taught to instead use
+   the locally modified contents.
+
+ * bash 4.4 or newer gave a warning on NUL byte in command
+   substitution done in "git stash"; this has been squelched.
+
+ * "git grep -L" and "git grep --quiet -L" reported different exit
+   codes; this has been corrected.
+
+ * When handshake with a subprocess filter notices that the process
+   asked for an unknown capability, Git did not report what program
+   the offending subprocess was running.  This has been corrected.
+
+ * "git apply" that is used as a better "patch -p1" failed to apply a
+   taken from a file with CRLF line endings to a file with CRLF line
+   endings.  The root cause was because it misused convert_to_git()
+   that tried to do "safe-crlf" processing by looking at the index
+   entry at the same path, which is a nonsense---in that mode, "apply"
+   is not working on the data in (or derived from) the index at all.
+   This has been fixed.
+
+ * Killing "git merge --edit" before the editor returns control left
+   the repository in a state with MERGE_MSG but without MERGE_HEAD,
+   which incorrectly tells the subsequent "git commit" that there was
+   a squash merge in progress.  This has been fixed.
+
+ * "git archive" did not work well with pathspecs and the
+   export-ignore attribute.
+
+ * In addition to "cc: <a@dd.re.ss> # cruft", "cc: a@dd.re.ss # cruft"
+   was taught to "git send-email" as a valid way to tell it that it
+   needs to also send a carbon copy to <a@dd.re.ss> in the trailer
+   section.
+
+ * "git branch -M a b" while on a branch that is completely unrelated
+   to either branch a or branch b misbehaved when multiple worktree
+   was in use.  This has been fixed.
+   (merge 31824d180d nd/worktree-kill-parse-ref later to maint).
+
+ * "git gc" and friends when multiple worktrees are used off of a
+   single repository did not consider the index and per-worktree refs
+   of other worktrees as the root for reachability traversal, making
+   objects that are in use only in other worktrees to be subject to
+   garbage collection.
+
+ * A regression to "gitk --bisect" by a recent update has been fixed.
+
+ * "git -c submodule.recurse=yes pull" did not work as if the
+   "--recurse-submodules" option was given from the command line.
+   This has been corrected.
+
+ * Unlike "git commit-tree < file", "git commit-tree -F file" did not
+   pass the contents of the file verbatim and instead completed an
+   incomplete line at the end, if exists.  The latter has been updated
+   to match the behaviour of the former.
+
+ * Many codepaths did not diagnose write failures correctly when disks
+   go full, due to their misuse of write_in_full() helper function,
+   which have been corrected.
+   (merge f48ecd38cb jk/write-in-full-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git help co" now says "co is aliased to ...", not "git co is".
+   (merge b3a8076e0d ks/help-alias-label later to maint).
+
+ * "git archive", especially when used with pathspec, stored an empty
+   directory in its output, even though Git itself never does so.
+   This has been fixed.
+
+ * API error-proofing which happens to also squelch warnings from GCC.
+
+ * The explanation of the cut-line in the commit log editor has been
+   slightly tweaked.
+   (merge 8c4b1a3593 ks/commit-do-not-touch-cut-line later to maint).
+
+ * "git gc" tries to avoid running two instances at the same time by
+   reading and writing pid/host from and to a lock file; it used to
+   use an incorrect fscanf() format when reading, which has been
+   corrected.
+
+ * The scripts to drive TravisCI has been reorganized and then an
+   optimization to avoid spending cycles on a branch whose tip is
+   tagged has been implemented.
+   (merge 8376eb4a8f ls/travis-scriptify later to maint).
+
+ * The test linter has been taught that we do not like "echo -e".
+
+ * Code cmp.std.c nitpick.
+
+ * A regression fix for 2.11 that made the code to read the list of
+   alternate object stores overrun the end of the string.
+   (merge f0f7bebef7 jk/info-alternates-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git describe --match" learned to take multiple patterns in v2.13
+   series, but the feature ignored the patterns after the first one
+   and did not work at all.  This has been fixed.
+
+ * "git filter-branch" cannot reproduce a history with a tag without
+   the tagger field, which only ancient versions of Git allowed to be
+   created.  This has been corrected.
+   (merge b2c1ca6b4b ic/fix-filter-branch-to-handle-tag-without-tagger later to maint).
+
+ * "git cat-file --textconv" started segfaulting recently, which
+   has been corrected.
+
+ * The built-in pattern to detect the "function header" for HTML did
+   not match <H1>..<H6> elements without any attributes, which has
+   been fixed.
+
+ * "git mailinfo" was loose in decoding quoted printable and produced
+   garbage when the two letters after the equal sign are not
+   hexadecimal.  This has been fixed.
+
+ * The machinery to create xdelta used in pack files received the
+   sizes of the data in size_t, but lost the higher bits of them by
+   storing them in "unsigned int" during the computation, which is
+   fixed.
+
+ * The delta format used in the packfile cannot reference data at
+   offset larger than what can be expressed in 4-byte, but the
+   generator for the data failed to make sure the offset does not
+   overflow.  This has been corrected.
+
+ * The documentation for '-X<option>' for merges was misleadingly
+   written to suggest that "-s theirs" exists, which is not the case.
+
+ * "git fast-export" with -M/-C option issued "copy" instruction on a
+   path that is simultaneously modified, which was incorrect.
+   (merge b3e8ca89cf jt/fast-export-copy-modify-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Many codepaths have been updated to squelch -Wsign-compare
+   warnings.
+   (merge 071bcaab64 rj/no-sign-compare later to maint).
+
+ * Memory leaks in various codepaths have been plugged.
+   (merge 4d01a7fa65 ma/leakplugs later to maint).
+
+ * Recent versions of "git rev-parse --parseopt" did not parse the
+   option specification that does not have the optional flags (*=?!)
+   correctly, which has been corrected.
+   (merge a6304fa4c2 bc/rev-parse-parseopt-fix later to maint).
+
+ * The checkpoint command "git fast-import" did not flush updates to
+   refs and marks unless at least one object was created since the
+   last checkpoint, which has been corrected, as these things can
+   happen without any new object getting created.
+   (merge 30e215a65c er/fast-import-dump-refs-on-checkpoint later to maint).
+
+ * Spell the name of our system as "Git" in the output from
+   request-pull script.
+
+ * Fixes for a handful memory access issues identified by valgrind.
+
+ * Backports a moral equivalent of 2015 fix to the poll() emulation
+   from the upstream gnulib to fix occasional breakages on HPE NonStop.
+
+ * Users with "color.ui = always" in their configuration were broken
+   by a recent change that made plumbing commands to pay attention to
+   them as the patch created internally by "git add -p" were colored
+   (heh) and made unusable.  This has been fixed by reverting the
+   offending change.
+
+ * In the "--format=..." option of the "git for-each-ref" command (and
+   its friends, i.e. the listing mode of "git branch/tag"), "%(atom:)"
+   (e.g. "%(refname:)", "%(body:)" used to error out.  Instead, treat
+   them as if the colon and an empty string that follows it were not
+   there.
+
+ * An ancient bug that made Git misbehave with creation/renaming of
+   refs has been fixed.
+
+ * "git fetch <there> <src>:<dst>" allows an object name on the <src>
+   side when the other side accepts such a request since Git v2.5, but
+   the documentation was left stale.
+   (merge 83558a412a jc/fetch-refspec-doc-update later to maint).
+
+ * Update the documentation for "git filter-branch" so that the filter
+   options are listed in the same order as they are applied, as
+   described in an earlier part of the doc.
+   (merge 07c4984508 dg/filter-branch-filter-order-doc later to maint).
+
+ * A possible oom error is now caught as a fatal error, instead of
+   continuing and dereferencing NULL.
+   (merge 55d7d15847 ao/path-use-xmalloc later to maint).
+
+ * Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups.
+   (merge f094b89a4d ma/parse-maybe-bool later to maint).
+   (merge 6cdf8a7929 ma/ts-cleanups later to maint).
+   (merge 7560f547e6 ma/up-to-date later to maint).
+   (merge 0db3dc75f3 rs/apply-epoch later to maint).
+   (merge 276d0e35c0 ma/split-symref-update-fix later to maint).
+   (merge f777623514 ks/branch-tweak-error-message-for-extra-args later to maint).
+   (merge 33f3c683ec ks/verify-filename-non-option-error-message-tweak later to maint).
+   (merge 7cbbf9d6a2 ls/filter-process-delayed later to maint).
+   (merge 488aa65c8f wk/merge-options-gpg-sign-doc later to maint).
+   (merge e61cb19a27 jc/branch-force-doc-readability-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 32fceba3fd np/config-path-doc later to maint).
+   (merge e38c681fb7 sb/rev-parse-show-superproject-root later to maint).
+   (merge 4f851dc883 sg/rev-list-doc-reorder-fix later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.15.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.15.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ec06704e63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.15.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+Git v2.15.1 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.15
+-----------------
+
+ * TravisCI build updates.
+
+ * "auto" as a value for the columnar output configuration ought to
+   judge "is the output consumed by humans?" with the same criteria as
+   "auto" for coloured output configuration, i.e. either the standard
+   output stream is going to tty, or a pager is in use.  We forgot the
+   latter, which has been fixed.
+
+ * The experimental "color moved lines differently in diff output"
+   feature was buggy around "ignore whitespace changes" edges, which
+   has been corrected.
+
+ * Instead of using custom line comparison and hashing functions to
+   implement "moved lines" coloring in the diff output, use the pair
+   of these functions from lower-layer xdiff/ code.
+
+ * Some codepaths did not check for errors when asking what branch the
+   HEAD points at, which have been fixed.
+
+ * "git commit", after making a commit, did not check for errors when
+   asking on what branch it made the commit, which has been corrected.
+
+ * "git status --ignored -u" did not stop at a working tree of a
+   separate project that is embedded in an ignored directory and
+   listed files in that other project, instead of just showing the
+   directory itself as ignored.
+
+ * A broken access to object databases in recent update to "git grep
+   --recurse-submodules" has been fixed.
+
+ * A recent regression in "git rebase -i" that broke execution of git
+   commands from subdirectories via "exec" instruction has been fixed.
+
+ * "git check-ref-format --branch @{-1}" bit a "BUG()" when run
+   outside a repository for obvious reasons; clarify the documentation
+   and make sure we do not even try to expand the at-mark magic in
+   such a case, but still call the validation logic for branch names.
+
+ * Command line completion (in contrib/) update.
+
+ * Description of blame.{showroot,blankboundary,showemail,date}
+   configuration variables have been added to "git config --help".
+
+ * After an error from lstat(), diff_populate_filespec() function
+   sometimes still went ahead and used invalid data in struct stat,
+   which has been fixed.
+
+ * UNC paths are also relevant in Cygwin builds and they are now
+   tested just like Mingw builds.
+
+ * Correct start-up sequence so that a repository could be placed
+   immediately under the root directory again (which was broken at
+   around Git 2.13).
+
+ * The credential helper for libsecret (in contrib/) has been improved
+   to allow possibly prompting the end user to unlock secrets that are
+   currently locked (otherwise the secrets may not be loaded).
+
+ * Updates from GfW project.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" recently started misbehaving when a submodule that
+   is configured with 'submodule.<name>.ignore' is dirty; this has
+   been corrected.
+
+ * Some error messages did not quote filenames shown in it, which have
+   been fixed.
+
+ * Building with NO_LIBPCRE1_JIT did not disable it, which has been fixed.
+
+ * We used to add an empty alternate object database to the system
+   that does not help anything; it has been corrected.
+
+ * Error checking in "git imap-send" for empty response has been
+   improved.
+
+ * An ancient bug in "git apply --ignore-space-change" codepath has
+   been fixed.
+
+ * There was a recent semantic mismerge in the codepath to write out a
+   section of a configuration section, which has been corrected.
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.15.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.15.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b480e56b68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.15.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+Git v2.15.2 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.15.1
+-------------------
+
+ * Recent update to the refs infrastructure implementation started
+   rewriting packed-refs file more often than before; this has been
+   optimized again for most trivial cases.
+
+ * The SubmittingPatches document has been converted to produce an
+   HTML version via AsciiDoc/Asciidoctor.
+
+ * Contrary to the documentation, "git pull -4/-6 other-args" did not
+   ask the underlying "git fetch" to go over IPv4/IPv6, which has been
+   corrected.
+
+ * When "git rebase" prepared an mailbox of changes and fed it to "git
+   am" to replay them, it was confused when a stray "From " happened
+   to be in the log message of one of the replayed changes.  This has
+   been corrected.
+
+ * Command line completion (in contrib/) has been taught about the
+   "--copy" option of "git branch".
+
+ * "git apply --inaccurate-eof" when used with "--ignore-space-change"
+   triggered an internal sanity check, which has been fixed.
+
+ * The sequencer machinery (used by "git cherry-pick A..B", and "git
+   rebase -i", among other things) would have lost a commit if stopped
+   due to an unlockable index file, which has been fixed.
+
+ * The three-way merge performed by "git cherry-pick" was confused
+   when a new submodule was added in the meantime, which has been
+   fixed (or "papered over").
+
+ * "git notes" sent its error message to its standard output stream,
+   which was corrected.
+
+ * A few scripts (both in production and tests) incorrectly redirected
+   their error output.  These have been corrected.
+
+ * Clarify and enhance documentation for "merge-base --fork-point", as
+   it was clear what it computed but not why/what for.
+
+ * This release also contains the fixes made in the v2.13.7 version of
+   Git.  See its release notes for details.
+
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0c81c5915f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,482 @@
+Git 2.16 Release Notes
+======================
+
+Backward compatibility notes and other notable changes.
+
+ * Use of an empty string as a pathspec element that is used for
+   'everything matches' is now an error.
+
+
+Updates since v2.15
+-------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * An empty string as a pathspec element that means "everything"
+   i.e. 'git add ""', is now illegal.  We started this by first
+   deprecating and warning a pathspec that has such an element in
+   2.11 (Nov 2016).
+
+ * A hook script that is set unexecutable is simply ignored.  Git
+   notifies when such a file is ignored, unless the message is
+   squelched via advice.ignoredHook configuration.
+
+ * "git pull" has been taught to accept "--[no-]signoff" option and
+   pass it down to "git merge".
+
+ * The "--push-option=<string>" option to "git push" now defaults to a
+   list of strings configured via push.pushOption variable.
+
+ * "gitweb" checks if a directory is searchable with Perl's "-x"
+   operator, which can be enhanced by using "filetest 'access'"
+   pragma, which now we do.
+
+ * "git stash save" has been deprecated in favour of "git stash push".
+
+ * The set of paths output from "git status --ignored" was tied
+   closely with its "--untracked=<mode>" option, but now it can be
+   controlled more flexibly.  Most notably, a directory that is
+   ignored because it is listed to be ignored in the ignore/exclude
+   mechanism can be handled differently from a directory that ends up
+   to be ignored only because all files in it are ignored.
+
+ * The remote-helper for talking to MediaWiki has been updated to
+   truncate an overlong pagename so that ".mw" suffix can still be
+   added.
+
+ * The remote-helper for talking to MediaWiki has been updated to
+   work with mediawiki namespaces.
+
+ * The "--format=..." option "git for-each-ref" takes learned to show
+   the name of the 'remote' repository and the ref at the remote side
+   that is affected for 'upstream' and 'push' via "%(push:remotename)"
+   and friends.
+
+ * Doc and message updates to teach users "bisect view" is a synonym
+   for "bisect visualize".
+
+ * "git bisect run" that did not specify any command to run used to go
+   ahead and treated all commits to be tested as 'good'.  This has
+   been corrected by making the command error out.
+
+ * The SubmittingPatches document has been converted to produce an
+   HTML version via AsciiDoc/Asciidoctor.
+
+ * We learned to optionally talk to a file system monitor via new
+   fsmonitor extension to speed up "git status" and other operations
+   that need to see which paths have been modified.  Currently we only
+   support "watchman".  See File System Monitor section of
+   git-update-index(1) for more detail.
+
+ * The "diff" family of commands learned to ignore differences in
+   carriage return at the end of line.
+
+ * Places that know about "sendemail.to", like documentation and shell
+   completion (in contrib/) have been taught about "sendemail.tocmd",
+   too.
+
+ * "git add --renormalize ." is a new and safer way to record the fact
+   that you are correcting the end-of-line convention and other
+   "convert_to_git()" glitches in the in-repository data.
+
+ * "git branch" and "git checkout -b" are now forbidden from creating
+   a branch whose name is "HEAD".
+
+ * "git branch --list" learned to show its output through the pager by
+   default when the output is going to a terminal, which is controlled
+   by the pager.branch configuration variable.  This is similar to a
+   recent change to "git tag --list".
+
+ * "git grep -W", "git diff -W" and their friends learned a heuristic
+   to extend a pre-context beyond the line that matches the "function
+   pattern" (aka "diff.*.xfuncname") to include a comment block, if
+   exists, that immediately precedes it.
+
+ * "git config --expiry-date gc.reflogexpire" can read "2.weeks" from
+   the configuration and report it as a timestamp, just like "--int"
+   would read "1k" and report 1024, to help consumption by scripts.
+
+ * The shell completion (in contrib/) learned that "git pull" can take
+   the "--autostash" option.
+
+ * The tagnames "git log --decorate" uses to annotate the commits can
+   now be limited to subset of available refs with the two additional
+   options, --decorate-refs[-exclude]=<pattern>.
+
+ * "git grep" compiled with libpcre2 sometimes triggered a segfault,
+   which is being fixed.
+
+ * "git send-email" tries to see if the sendmail program is available
+   in /usr/lib and /usr/sbin; extend the list of locations to be
+   checked to also include directories on $PATH.
+
+ * "git diff" learned, "--anchored", a variant of the "--patience"
+   algorithm, to which the user can specify which 'unique' line to be
+   used as anchoring points.
+
+ * The way "git worktree add" determines what branch to create from
+   where and checkout in the new worktree has been updated a bit.
+
+ * Ancient part of codebase still shows dots after an abbreviated
+   object name just to show that it is not a full object name, but
+   these ellipses are confusing to people who newly discovered Git
+   who are used to seeing abbreviated object names and find them
+   confusing with the range syntax.
+
+ * With a configuration variable rebase.abbreviateCommands set,
+   "git rebase -i" produces the todo list with a single-letter
+   command names.
+
+ * "git worktree add" learned to run the post-checkout hook, just like
+   "git checkout" does, after the initial checkout.
+
+ * "git svn" has been updated to strip CRs in the commit messages, as
+   recent versions of Subversion rejects them.
+
+ * "git imap-send" did not correctly quote the folder name when
+   making a request to the server, which has been corrected.
+
+ * Error messages from "git rebase" have been somewhat cleaned up.
+
+ * Git has been taught to support an https:// URL used for http.proxy
+   when using recent versions of libcurl.
+
+ * "git merge" learned to pay attention to merge.verifySignatures
+   configuration variable and pretend as if '--verify-signatures'
+   option was given from the command line.
+
+ * "git describe" was taught to dig trees deeper to find a
+   <commit-ish>:<path> that refers to a given blob object.
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
+
+ * An earlier update made it possible to use an on-stack in-core
+   lockfile structure (as opposed to having to deliberately leak an
+   on-heap one).  Many codepaths have been updated to take advantage
+   of this new facility.
+
+ * Calling cmd_foo() as if it is a general purpose helper function is
+   a no-no.  Correct two instances of such to set an example.
+
+ * We try to see if somebody runs our test suite with a shell that
+   does not support "local" like bash/dash does.
+
+ * An early part of piece-by-piece rewrite of "git bisect" in C.
+
+ * GSoC to piece-by-piece rewrite "git submodule" in C.
+
+ * Optimize the code to find shortest unique prefix of object names.
+
+ * Pathspec-limited revision traversal was taught not to keep finding
+   unneeded differences once it knows two trees are different inside
+   given pathspec.
+
+ * Conversion from uchar[20] to struct object_id continues.
+
+ * Code cleanup.
+
+ * A single-word "unsigned flags" in the diff options is being split
+   into a structure with many bitfields.
+
+ * TravisCI build updates.
+
+ * Parts of a test to drive the long-running content filter interface
+   has been split into its own module, hopefully to eventually become
+   reusable.
+
+ * Drop (perhaps overly cautious) sanity check before using the index
+   read from the filesystem at runtime.
+
+ * The build procedure has been taught to avoid some unnecessary
+   instability in the build products.
+
+ * A new mechanism to upgrade the wire protocol in place is proposed
+   and demonstrated that it works with the older versions of Git
+   without harming them.
+
+ * An infrastructure to define what hash function is used in Git is
+   introduced, and an effort to plumb that throughout various
+   codepaths has been started.
+
+ * The code to iterate over loose object files got optimized.
+
+ * An internal function that was left for backward compatibility has
+   been removed, as there is no remaining callers.
+
+ * Historically, the diff machinery for rename detection had a
+   hardcoded limit of 32k paths; this is being lifted to allow users
+   trade cycles with a (possibly) easier to read result.
+
+ * The tracing infrastructure has been optimized for cases where no
+   tracing is requested.
+
+ * In preparation for implementing narrow/partial clone, the object
+   walking machinery has been taught a way to tell it to "filter" some
+   objects from enumeration.
+
+ * A few structures and variables that are implementation details of
+   the decorate API have been renamed and then the API got documented
+   better.
+
+ * Assorted updates for TravisCI integration.
+   (merge 4f26366679 sg/travis-fixes later to maint).
+
+ * Introduce a helper to simplify code to parse a common pattern that
+   expects either "--key" or "--key=<something>".
+
+ * "git version --build-options" learned to report the host CPU and
+   the exact commit object name the binary was built from.
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v2.15
+-----------------
+
+ * "auto" as a value for the columnar output configuration ought to
+   judge "is the output consumed by humans?" with the same criteria as
+   "auto" for coloured output configuration, i.e. either the standard
+   output stream is going to tty, or a pager is in use.  We forgot the
+   latter, which has been fixed.
+
+ * The experimental "color moved lines differently in diff output"
+   feature was buggy around "ignore whitespace changes" edges, which
+   has been corrected.
+
+ * Instead of using custom line comparison and hashing functions to
+   implement "moved lines" coloring in the diff output, use the pair
+   of these functions from lower-layer xdiff/ code.
+
+ * Some codepaths did not check for errors when asking what branch the
+   HEAD points at, which have been fixed.
+
+ * "git commit", after making a commit, did not check for errors when
+   asking on what branch it made the commit, which has been corrected.
+
+ * "git status --ignored -u" did not stop at a working tree of a
+   separate project that is embedded in an ignored directory and
+   listed files in that other project, instead of just showing the
+   directory itself as ignored.
+
+ * A broken access to object databases in recent update to "git grep
+   --recurse-submodules" has been fixed.
+
+ * A recent regression in "git rebase -i" that broke execution of git
+   commands from subdirectories via "exec" instruction has been fixed.
+
+ * A (possibly flakey) test fix.
+
+ * "git check-ref-format --branch @{-1}" bit a "BUG()" when run
+   outside a repository for obvious reasons; clarify the documentation
+   and make sure we do not even try to expand the at-mark magic in
+   such a case, but still call the validation logic for branch names.
+
+ * "git fetch --recurse-submodules" now knows that submodules can be
+   moved around in the superproject in addition to getting updated,
+   and finds the ones that need to be fetched accordingly.
+
+ * Command line completion (in contrib/) update.
+
+ * Description of blame.{showroot,blankboundary,showemail,date}
+   configuration variables have been added to "git config --help".
+
+ * After an error from lstat(), diff_populate_filespec() function
+   sometimes still went ahead and used invalid data in struct stat,
+   which has been fixed.
+
+ * UNC paths are also relevant in Cygwin builds and they are now
+   tested just like Mingw builds.
+
+ * Correct start-up sequence so that a repository could be placed
+   immediately under the root directory again (which was broken at
+   around Git 2.13).
+
+ * The credential helper for libsecret (in contrib/) has been improved
+   to allow possibly prompting the end user to unlock secrets that are
+   currently locked (otherwise the secrets may not be loaded).
+
+ * MinGW updates.
+
+ * Error checking in "git imap-send" for empty response has been
+   improved.
+
+ * Recent update to the refs infrastructure implementation started
+   rewriting packed-refs file more often than before; this has been
+   optimized again for most trivial cases.
+
+ * Some error messages did not quote filenames shown in it, which have
+   been fixed.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" recently started misbehaving when a submodule that
+   is configured with 'submodule.<name>.ignore' is dirty; this has
+   been corrected.
+
+ * Building with NO_LIBPCRE1_JIT did not disable it, which has been fixed.
+
+ * We used to add an empty alternate object database to the system
+   that does not help anything; it has been corrected.
+
+ * Doc update around use of "format-patch --subject-prefix" etc.
+
+ * A fix for an ancient bug in "git apply --ignore-space-change" codepath.
+
+ * Clarify and enhance documentation for "merge-base --fork-point", as
+   it was clear what it computed but not why/what for.
+
+ * A few scripts (both in production and tests) incorrectly redirected
+   their error output.  These have been corrected.
+
+ * "git notes" sent its error message to its standard output stream,
+   which was corrected.
+
+ * The three-way merge performed by "git cherry-pick" was confused
+   when a new submodule was added in the meantime, which has been
+   fixed (or "papered over").
+
+ * The sequencer machinery (used by "git cherry-pick A..B", and "git
+   rebase -i", among other things) would have lost a commit if stopped
+   due to an unlockable index file, which has been fixed.
+
+ * "git apply --inaccurate-eof" when used with "--ignore-space-change"
+   triggered an internal sanity check, which has been fixed.
+
+ * Command line completion (in contrib/) has been taught about the
+   "--copy" option of "git branch".
+
+ * When "git rebase" prepared a mailbox of changes and fed it to "git
+   am" to replay them, it was confused when a stray "From " happened
+   to be in the log message of one of the replayed changes.  This has
+   been corrected.
+
+ * There was a recent semantic mismerge in the codepath to write out a
+   section of a configuration section, which has been corrected.
+
+ * Mentions of "git-rebase" and "git-am" (dashed form) still remained
+   in end-user visible strings emitted by the "git rebase" command;
+   they have been corrected.
+
+ * Contrary to the documentation, "git pull -4/-6 other-args" did not
+   ask the underlying "git fetch" to go over IPv4/IPv6, which has been
+   corrected.
+
+ * "git checkout --recursive" may overwrite and rewind the history of
+   the branch that happens to be checked out in submodule
+   repositories, which might not be desirable.  Detach the HEAD but
+   still allow the recursive checkout to succeed in such a case.
+   (merge 57f22bf997 sb/submodule-recursive-checkout-detach-head later to maint).
+
+ * "git branch --set-upstream" has been deprecated and (sort of)
+   removed, as "--set-upstream-to" is the preferred one these days.
+   The documentation still had "--set-upstream" listed on its
+   synopsis section, which has been corrected.
+   (merge a060f3d3d8 tz/branch-doc-remove-set-upstream later to maint).
+
+ * Internally we use 0{40} as a placeholder object name to signal the
+   codepath that there is no such object (e.g. the fast-forward check
+   while "git fetch" stores a new remote-tracking ref says "we know
+   there is no 'old' thing pointed at by the ref, as we are creating
+   it anew" by passing 0{40} for the 'old' side), and expect that a
+   codepath to locate an in-core object to return NULL as a sign that
+   the object does not exist.  A look-up for an object that does not
+   exist however is quite costly with a repository with large number
+   of packfiles.  This access pattern has been optimized.
+   (merge 87b5e236a1 jk/fewer-pack-rescan later to maint).
+
+ * In addition to "git stash -m message", the command learned to
+   accept "git stash -mmessage" form.
+   (merge 5675473fcb ph/stash-save-m-option-fix later to maint).
+
+ * @{-N} in "git checkout @{-N}" may refer to a detached HEAD state,
+   but the documentation was not clear about it, which has been fixed.
+   (merge 75ce149575 ks/doc-checkout-previous later to maint).
+
+ * A regression in the progress eye-candy was fixed.
+   (merge 9c5951cacf jk/progress-delay-fix later to maint).
+
+ * The code internal to the recursive merge strategy was not fully
+   prepared to see a path that is renamed to try overwriting another
+   path that is only different in case on case insensitive systems.
+   This does not matter in the current code, but will start to matter
+   once the rename detection logic starts taking hints from nearby
+   paths moving to some directory and moves a new path along with them.
+   (merge 4cba2b0108 en/merge-recursive-icase-removal later to maint).
+
+ * An v2.12-era regression in pathspec match logic, which made it look
+   into submodule tree even when it is not desired, has been fixed.
+   (merge eef3df5a93 bw/pathspec-match-submodule-boundary later to maint).
+
+ * Amending commits in git-gui broke the author name that is non-ascii
+   due to incorrect enconding conversion.
+
+ * Recent update to the submodule configuration code broke "diff-tree"
+   by accidentally stopping to read from the index upfront.
+   (merge fd66bcc31f bw/submodule-config-cleanup later to maint).
+
+ * Git shows a message to tell the user that it is waiting for the
+   user to finish editing when spawning an editor, in case the editor
+   opens to a hidden window or somewhere obscure and the user gets
+   lost.
+   (merge abfb04d0c7 ls/editor-waiting-message later to maint).
+
+ * The "safe crlf" check incorrectly triggered for contents that does
+   not use CRLF as line endings, which has been corrected.
+   (merge 649f1f0948 tb/check-crlf-for-safe-crlf later to maint).
+
+ * "git clone --shared" to borrow from a (secondary) worktree did not
+   work, even though "git clone --local" did.  Both are now accepted.
+   (merge b3b05971c1 es/clone-shared-worktree later to maint).
+
+ * The build procedure now allows not just the repositories but also
+   the refs to be used to take pre-formatted manpages and html
+   documents to install.
+   (merge 65289e9dcd rb/quick-install-doc later to maint).
+
+ * Update the shell prompt script (in contrib/) to strip trailing CR
+   from strings read from various "state" files.
+   (merge 041fe8fc83 ra/prompt-eread-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git merge -s recursive" did not correctly abort when the index is
+   dirty, if the merged tree happened to be the same as the current
+   HEAD, which has been fixed.
+
+ * Bytes with high-bit set were encoded incorrectly and made
+   credential helper fail.
+   (merge 4c267f2ae3 jd/fix-strbuf-add-urlencode-bytes later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase -p -X<option>" did not propagate the option properly
+   down to underlying merge strategy backend.
+   (merge dd6fb0053c js/fix-merge-arg-quoting-in-rebase-p later to maint).
+
+ * "git merge -s recursive" did not correctly abort when the index is
+   dirty, if the merged tree happened to be the same as the current
+   HEAD, which has been fixed.
+   (merge f309e8e768 ew/empty-merge-with-dirty-index-maint later to maint).
+
+ * Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups.
+   (merge 1a1fc2d5b5 rd/man-prune-progress later to maint).
+   (merge 0ba014035a rd/man-reflog-add-n later to maint).
+   (merge e54b63359f rd/doc-notes-prune-fix later to maint).
+   (merge ff4c9b413a sp/doc-info-attributes later to maint).
+   (merge 7db2cbf4f1 jc/receive-pack-hook-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 5a0526264b tg/t-readme-updates later to maint).
+   (merge 5e83cca0b8 jk/no-optional-locks later to maint).
+   (merge 826c778f7c js/hashmap-update-sample later to maint).
+   (merge 176b2d328c sg/setup-doc-update later to maint).
+   (merge 1b09073514 rs/am-builtin-leakfix later to maint).
+   (merge addcf6cfde rs/fmt-merge-msg-string-leak-fix later to maint).
+   (merge c3ff8f6c14 rs/strbuf-read-once-reset-length later to maint).
+   (merge 6b0eb884f9 db/doc-workflows-neuter-the-maintainer later to maint).
+   (merge 8c87bdfb21 jk/cvsimport-quoting later to maint).
+   (merge 176cb979fe rs/fmt-merge-msg-leakfix later to maint).
+   (merge 5a03360e73 tb/delimit-pretty-trailers-args-with-comma later to maint).
+   (merge d0e6326026 ot/pretty later to maint).
+   (merge 44103f4197 sb/test-helper-excludes later to maint).
+   (merge 170078693f jt/transport-no-more-rsync later to maint).
+   (merge c07b3adff1 bw/path-doc later to maint).
+   (merge bf9d7df950 tz/lib-git-svn-svnserve-tests later to maint).
+   (merge dec366c9a8 sr/http-sslverify-config-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 3f824e91c8 jk/test-suite-tracing later to maint).
+   (merge 1feb061701 db/doc-config-section-names-with-bs later to maint).
+   (merge 74dea0e13c jh/memihash-opt later to maint).
+   (merge 2e9fdc795c ma/bisect-leakfix later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..66e64361fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Git v2.16.1 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.16
+-----------------
+
+ * "git clone" segfaulted when cloning a project that happens to
+   track two paths that differ only in case on a case insensitive
+   filesystem.
+
+Does not contain any other documentation updates or code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a216466d3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+Git v2.16.2 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.16.1
+-------------------
+
+ * An old regression in "git describe --all $annotated_tag^0" has been
+   fixed.
+
+ * "git svn dcommit" did not take into account the fact that a
+   svn+ssh:// URL with a username@ (typically used for pushing) refers
+   to the same SVN repository without the username@ and failed when
+   svn.pushmergeinfo option is set.
+
+ * "git merge -Xours/-Xtheirs" learned to use our/their version when
+   resolving a conflicting updates to a symbolic link.
+
+ * "git clone $there $here" is allowed even when here directory exists
+   as long as it is an empty directory, but the command incorrectly
+   removed it upon a failure of the operation.
+
+ * "git stash -- <pathspec>" incorrectly blew away untracked files in
+   the directory that matched the pathspec, which has been corrected.
+
+ * "git add -p" was taught to ignore local changes to submodules as
+   they do not interfere with the partial addition of regular changes
+   anyway.
+
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..64a0bcb0d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+Git v2.16.3 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.16.2
+-------------------
+
+ * "git status" after moving a path in the working tree (hence making
+   it appear "removed") and then adding with the -N option (hence
+   making that appear "added") detected it as a rename, but did not
+   report the  old and new pathnames correctly.
+
+ * "git commit --fixup" did not allow "-m<message>" option to be used
+   at the same time; allow it to annotate resulting commit with more
+   text.
+
+ * When resetting the working tree files recursively, the working tree
+   of submodules are now also reset to match.
+
+ * Fix for a commented-out code to adjust it to a rather old API change
+   around object ID.
+
+ * When there are too many changed paths, "git diff" showed a warning
+   message but in the middle of a line.
+
+ * The http tracing code, often used to debug connection issues,
+   learned to redact potentially sensitive information from its output
+   so that it can be more safely sharable.
+
+ * Crash fix for a corner case where an error codepath tried to unlock
+   what it did not acquire lock on.
+
+ * The split-index mode had a few corner case bugs fixed.
+
+ * Assorted fixes to "git daemon".
+
+ * Completion of "git merge -s<strategy>" (in contrib/) did not work
+   well in non-C locale.
+
+ * Workaround for segfault with more recent versions of SVN.
+
+ * Recently introduced leaks in fsck have been plugged.
+
+ * Travis CI integration now builds the executable in 'script' phase
+   to follow the established practice, rather than during
+   'before_script' phase.  This allows the CI categorize the failures
+   better ('failed' is project's fault, 'errored' is build
+   environment's).
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6be538ba30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Git v2.16.4 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release is to forward-port the fixes made in the v2.13.7 version
+of Git.  See its release notes for details.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.17.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.17.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c2cf891f71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.17.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,398 @@
+Git 2.17 Release Notes
+======================
+
+Updates since v2.16
+-------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * "diff" family of commands learned "--find-object=<object-id>" option
+   to limit the findings to changes that involve the named object.
+
+ * "git format-patch" learned to give 72-cols to diffstat, which is
+   consistent with other line length limits the subcommand uses for
+   its output meant for e-mails.
+
+ * The log from "git daemon" can be redirected with a new option; one
+   relevant use case is to send the log to standard error (instead of
+   syslog) when running it from inetd.
+
+ * "git rebase" learned to take "--allow-empty-message" option.
+
+ * "git am" has learned the "--quit" option, in addition to the
+   existing "--abort" option; having the pair mirrors a few other
+   commands like "rebase" and "cherry-pick".
+
+ * "git worktree add" learned to run the post-checkout hook, just like
+   "git clone" runs it upon the initial checkout.
+
+ * "git tag" learned an explicit "--edit" option that allows the
+   message given via "-m" and "-F" to be further edited.
+
+ * "git fetch --prune-tags" may be used as a handy short-hand for
+   getting rid of stale tags that are locally held.
+
+ * The new "--show-current-patch" option gives an end-user facing way
+   to get the diff being applied when "git rebase" (and "git am")
+   stops with a conflict.
+
+ * "git add -p" used to offer "/" (look for a matching hunk) as a
+   choice, even there was only one hunk, which has been corrected.
+   Also the single-key help is now given only for keys that are
+   enabled (e.g. help for '/' won't be shown when there is only one
+   hunk).
+
+ * Since Git 1.7.9, "git merge" defaulted to --no-ff (i.e. even when
+   the side branch being merged is a descendant of the current commit,
+   create a merge commit instead of fast-forwarding) when merging a
+   tag object.  This was appropriate default for integrators who pull
+   signed tags from their downstream contributors, but caused an
+   unnecessary merges when used by downstream contributors who
+   habitually "catch up" their topic branches with tagged releases
+   from the upstream.  Update "git merge" to default to --no-ff only
+   when merging a tag object that does *not* sit at its usual place in
+   refs/tags/ hierarchy, and allow fast-forwarding otherwise, to
+   mitigate the problem.
+
+ * "git status" can spend a lot of cycles to compute the relation
+   between the current branch and its upstream, which can now be
+   disabled with "--no-ahead-behind" option.
+
+ * "git diff" and friends learned funcname patterns for Go language
+   source files.
+
+ * "git send-email" learned "--reply-to=<address>" option.
+
+ * Funcname pattern used for C# now recognizes "async" keyword.
+
+ * In a way similar to how "git tag" learned to honor the pager
+   setting only in the list mode, "git config" learned to ignore the
+   pager setting when it is used for setting values (i.e. when the
+   purpose of the operation is not to "show").
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
+
+ * More perf tests for threaded grep
+
+ * "perf" test output can be sent to codespeed server.
+
+ * The build procedure for perl/ part has been greatly simplified by
+   weaning ourselves off of MakeMaker.
+
+ * Perl 5.8 or greater has been required since Git 1.7.4 released in
+   2010, but we continued to assume some core modules may not exist and
+   used a conditional "eval { require <<module>> }"; we no longer do
+   this.  Some platforms (Fedora/RedHat/CentOS, for example) ship Perl
+   without all core modules by default (e.g. Digest::MD5, File::Temp,
+   File::Spec, Net::Domain, Net::SMTP).  Users on such platforms may
+   need to install these additional modules.
+
+ * As a convenience, we install copies of Perl modules we require which
+   are not part of the core Perl distribution (e.g. Error and
+   Mail::Address).  Users and packagers whose operating system provides
+   these modules can set NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS to avoid installing the
+   bundled modules.
+
+ * In preparation for implementing narrow/partial clone, the machinery
+   for checking object connectivity used by gc and fsck has been
+   taught that a missing object is OK when it is referenced by a
+   packfile specially marked as coming from trusted repository that
+   promises to make them available on-demand and lazily.
+
+ * The machinery to clone & fetch, which in turn involves packing and
+   unpacking objects, has been told how to omit certain objects using
+   the filtering mechanism introduced by another topic.  It now knows
+   to mark the resulting pack as a promisor pack to tolerate missing
+   objects, laying foundation for "narrow" clones.
+
+ * The first step to getting rid of mru API and using the
+   doubly-linked list API directly instead.
+
+ * Retire mru API as it does not give enough abstraction over
+   underlying list API to be worth it.
+
+ * Rewrite two more "git submodule" subcommands in C.
+
+ * The tracing machinery learned to report tweaking of environment
+   variables as well.
+
+ * Update Coccinelle rules to catch and optimize strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s", str)
+
+ * Prevent "clang-format" from breaking line after function return type.
+
+ * The sequencer infrastructure is shared across "git cherry-pick",
+   "git rebase -i", etc., and has always spawned "git commit" when it
+   needs to create a commit.  It has been taught to do so internally,
+   when able, by reusing the codepath "git commit" itself uses, which
+   gives performance boost for a few tens of percents in some sample
+   scenarios.
+
+ * Push the submodule version of collision-detecting SHA-1 hash
+   implementation a bit harder on builders.
+
+ * Avoid mmapping small files while using packed refs (especially ones
+   with zero size, which would cause later munmap() to fail).
+
+ * Conversion from uchar[20] to struct object_id continues.
+
+ * More tests for wildmatch functions.
+
+ * The code to binary search starting from a fan-out table (which is
+   how the packfile is indexed with object names) has been refactored
+   into a reusable helper.
+
+ * We now avoid using identifiers that clash with C++ keywords.  Even
+   though it is not a goal to compile Git with C++ compilers, changes
+   like this help use of code analysis tools that targets C++ on our
+   codebase.
+
+ * The executable is now built in 'script' phase in Travis CI integration,
+   to follow the established practice, rather than during 'before_script'
+   phase.  This allows the CI categorize the failures better ('failed'
+   is project's fault, 'errored' is build environment's).
+   (merge 3c93b82920 sg/travis-build-during-script-phase later to maint).
+
+ * Writing out the index file when the only thing that changed in it
+   is the untracked cache information is often wasteful, and this has
+   been optimized out.
+
+ * Various pieces of Perl code we have have been cleaned up.
+
+ * Internal API clean-up to allow write_locked_index() optionally skip
+   writing the in-core index when it is not modified.
+
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v2.16
+-----------------
+
+ * An old regression in "git describe --all $annotated_tag^0" has been
+   fixed.
+
+ * "git status" after moving a path in the working tree (hence making
+   it appear "removed") and then adding with the -N option (hence
+   making that appear "added") detected it as a rename, but did not
+   report the  old and new pathnames correctly.
+
+ * "git svn dcommit" did not take into account the fact that a
+   svn+ssh:// URL with a username@ (typically used for pushing) refers
+   to the same SVN repository without the username@ and failed when
+   svn.pushmergeinfo option is set.
+
+ * API clean-up around revision traversal.
+
+ * "git merge -Xours/-Xtheirs" learned to use our/their version when
+   resolving a conflicting updates to a symbolic link.
+
+ * "git clone $there $here" is allowed even when here directory exists
+   as long as it is an empty directory, but the command incorrectly
+   removed it upon a failure of the operation.
+
+ * "git commit --fixup" did not allow "-m<message>" option to be used
+   at the same time; allow it to annotate resulting commit with more
+   text.
+
+ * When resetting the working tree files recursively, the working tree
+   of submodules are now also reset to match.
+
+ * "git stash -- <pathspec>" incorrectly blew away untracked files in
+   the directory that matched the pathspec, which has been corrected.
+
+ * Instead of maintaining home-grown email address parsing code, ship
+   a copy of reasonably recent Mail::Address to be used as a fallback
+   in 'git send-email' when the platform lacks it.
+   (merge d60be8acab mm/send-email-fallback-to-local-mail-address later to maint).
+
+ * "git add -p" was taught to ignore local changes to submodules as
+   they do not interfere with the partial addition of regular changes
+   anyway.
+
+ * Avoid showing a warning message in the middle of a line of "git
+   diff" output.
+   (merge 4e056c989f nd/diff-flush-before-warning later to maint).
+
+ * The http tracing code, often used to debug connection issues,
+   learned to redact potentially sensitive information from its output
+   so that it can be more safely sharable.
+   (merge 8ba18e6fa4 jt/http-redact-cookies later to maint).
+
+ * Crash fix for a corner case where an error codepath tried to unlock
+   what it did not acquire lock on.
+   (merge 81fcb698e0 mr/packed-ref-store-fix later to maint).
+
+ * The split-index mode had a few corner case bugs fixed.
+   (merge ae59a4e44f tg/split-index-fixes later to maint).
+
+ * Assorted fixes to "git daemon".
+   (merge ed15e58efe jk/daemon-fixes later to maint).
+
+ * Completion of "git merge -s<strategy>" (in contrib/) did not work
+   well in non-C locale.
+   (merge 7cc763aaa3 nd/list-merge-strategy later to maint).
+
+ * Workaround for segfault with more recent versions of SVN.
+   (merge 7f6f75e97a ew/svn-branch-segfault-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Plug recently introduced leaks in fsck.
+   (merge ba3a08ca0e jt/fsck-code-cleanup later to maint).
+
+ * "git pull --rebase" did not pass verbosity setting down when
+   recursing into a submodule.
+   (merge a56771a668 sb/pull-rebase-submodule later to maint).
+
+ * The way "git reset --hard" reports the commit the updated HEAD
+   points at is made consistent with the way how the commit title is
+   generated by the other parts of the system.  This matters when the
+   title is spread across physically multiple lines.
+   (merge 1cf823fb68 tg/reset-hard-show-head-with-pretty later to maint).
+
+ * Test fixes.
+   (merge 63b1a175ee sg/test-i18ngrep later to maint).
+
+ * Some bugs around "untracked cache" feature have been fixed.  This
+   will notice corrupt data in the untracked cache left by old and
+   buggy code and issue a warning---the index can be fixed by clearing
+   the untracked cache from it.
+   (merge 0cacebf099 nd/fix-untracked-cache-invalidation later to maint).
+   (merge 7bf0be7501 ab/untracked-cache-invalidation-docs later to maint).
+
+ * "git blame HEAD COPYING" in a bare repository failed to run, while
+   "git blame HEAD -- COPYING" run just fine.  This has been corrected.
+
+ * "git add" files in the same directory, but spelling the directory
+   path in different cases on case insensitive filesystem, corrupted
+   the name hash data structure and led to unexpected results.  This
+   has been corrected.
+   (merge c95525e90d bp/name-hash-dirname-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase -p" mangled log messages of a merge commit, which is
+   now fixed.
+   (merge ed5144d7eb js/fix-merge-arg-quoting-in-rebase-p later to maint).
+
+ * Some low level protocol codepath could crash when they get an
+   unexpected flush packet, which is now fixed.
+   (merge bb1356dc64 js/packet-read-line-check-null later to maint).
+
+ * "git check-ignore" with multiple paths got confused when one is a
+   file and the other is a directory, which has been fixed.
+   (merge d60771e930 rs/check-ignore-multi later to maint).
+
+ * "git describe $garbage" stopped giving any errors when the garbage
+   happens to be a string with 40 hexadecimal letters.
+   (merge a8e7a2bf0f sb/describe-blob later to maint).
+
+ * Code to unquote single-quoted string (used in the parser for
+   configuration files, etc.) did not diagnose bogus input correctly
+   and produced bogus results instead.
+   (merge ddbbf8eb25 jk/sq-dequote-on-bogus-input later to maint).
+
+ * Many places in "git apply" knew that "/dev/null" that signals
+   "there is no such file on this side of the diff" can be followed by
+   whitespace and garbage when parsing a patch, except for one, which
+   made an otherwise valid patch (e.g. ones from subversion) rejected.
+   (merge e454ad4bec tk/apply-dev-null-verify-name-fix later to maint).
+
+ * We no longer create any *.spec file, so "make clean" should not
+   remove it.
+   (merge 4321bdcabb tz/do-not-clean-spec-file later to maint).
+
+ * "git push" over http transport did not unquote the push-options
+   correctly.
+   (merge 90dce21eb0 jk/push-options-via-transport-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git send-email" learned to complain when the batch-size option is
+   not defined when the relogin-delay option is, since these two are
+   mutually required.
+   (merge 9caa70697b xz/send-email-batch-size later to maint).
+
+ * Y2k20 fix ;-) for our perl scripts.
+   (merge a40e06ee33 bw/perl-timegm-timelocal-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Threaded "git grep" has been optimized to avoid allocation in code
+   section that is covered under a mutex.
+   (merge 38ef24dccf rv/grep-cleanup later to maint).
+
+ * "git subtree" script (in contrib/) scripted around "git log", whose
+   output got affected by end-user configuration like log.showsignature
+   (merge 8841b5222c sg/subtree-signed-commits later to maint).
+
+ * While finding unique object name abbreviation, the code may
+   accidentally have read beyond the end of the array of object names
+   in a pack.
+   (merge 21abed500c ds/find-unique-abbrev-optim later to maint).
+
+ * Micro optimization in revision traversal code.
+   (merge ebbed3ba04 ds/mark-parents-uninteresting-optim later to maint).
+
+ * "git commit" used to run "gc --auto" near the end, which was lost
+   when the command was reimplemented in C by mistake.
+   (merge 095c741edd ab/gc-auto-in-commit later to maint).
+
+ * Allow running a couple of tests with "sh -x".
+   (merge c20bf94abc sg/cvs-tests-with-x later to maint).
+
+ * The codepath to replace an existing entry in the index had a bug in
+   updating the name hash structure, which has been fixed.
+   (merge 0e267b7a24 bp/refresh-cache-ent-rehash-fix later to maint).
+
+ * The transfer.fsckobjects configuration tells "git fetch" to
+   validate the data and connected-ness of objects in the received
+   pack; the code to perform this check has been taught about the
+   narrow clone's convention that missing objects that are reachable
+   from objects in a pack that came from a promisor remote is OK.
+
+ * There was an unused file-scope static variable left in http.c when
+   building for versions of libCURL that is older than 7.19.4, which
+   has been fixed.
+   (merge b8fd6008ec rj/http-code-cleanup later to maint).
+
+ * Shell script portability fix.
+   (merge 206a6ae013 ml/filter-branch-portability-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups.
+   (merge e2a5a028c7 bw/oidmap-autoinit later to maint).
+   (merge ec3b4b06f8 cl/t9001-cleanup later to maint).
+   (merge e1b3f3dd38 ks/submodule-doc-updates later to maint).
+   (merge fbac558a9b rs/describe-unique-abbrev later to maint).
+   (merge 8462ff43e4 tb/crlf-conv-flags later to maint).
+   (merge 7d68bb0766 rb/hashmap-h-compilation-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 3449847168 cc/sha1-file-name later to maint).
+   (merge ad622a256f ds/use-get-be64 later to maint).
+   (merge f919ffebed sg/cocci-move-array later to maint).
+   (merge 4e801463c7 jc/mailinfo-cleanup-fix later to maint).
+   (merge ef5b3a6c5e nd/shared-index-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 9f5258cbb8 tz/doc-show-defaults-to-head later to maint).
+   (merge b780e4407d jc/worktree-add-short-help later to maint).
+   (merge ae239fc8e5 rs/cocci-strbuf-addf-to-addstr later to maint).
+   (merge 2e22a85e5c nd/ignore-glob-doc-update later to maint).
+   (merge 3738031581 jk/gettext-poison later to maint).
+   (merge 54360a1956 rj/sparse-updates later to maint).
+   (merge 12e31a6b12 sg/doc-test-must-fail-args later to maint).
+   (merge 760f1ad101 bc/doc-interpret-trailers-grammofix later to maint).
+   (merge 4ccf461f56 bp/fsmonitor later to maint).
+   (merge a6119f82b1 jk/test-hashmap-updates later to maint).
+   (merge 5aea9fe6cc rd/typofix later to maint).
+   (merge e4e5da2796 sb/status-doc-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 7976e901c8 gs/test-unset-xdg-cache-home later to maint).
+   (merge d023df1ee6 tg/worktree-create-tracking later to maint).
+   (merge 4cbe92fd41 sm/mv-dry-run-update later to maint).
+   (merge 75e5e9c3f7 sb/color-h-cleanup later to maint).
+   (merge 2708ef4af6 sg/t6300-modernize later to maint).
+   (merge d88e92d4e0 bw/doc-submodule-recurse-config-with-clone later to maint).
+   (merge f74bbc8dd2 jk/cached-commit-buffer later to maint).
+   (merge 1316416903 ms/non-ascii-ticks later to maint).
+   (merge 878056005e rs/strbuf-read-file-or-whine later to maint).
+   (merge 79f0ba1547 jk/strbuf-read-file-close-error later to maint).
+   (merge edfb8ba068 ot/ref-filter-cleanup later to maint).
+   (merge 11395a3b4b jc/test-must-be-empty later to maint).
+   (merge 768b9d6db7 mk/doc-pretty-fill later to maint).
+   (merge 2caa7b8d27 ab/man-sec-list later to maint).
+   (merge 40c17eb184 ks/t3200-typofix later to maint).
+   (merge bd9958c358 dp/merge-strategy-doc-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 9ee0540a40 js/ming-strftime later to maint).
+   (merge 1775e990f7 tz/complete-tag-delete-tagname later to maint).
+   (merge 00a4b03501 rj/warning-uninitialized-fix later to maint).
+   (merge b635ed97a0 jk/attributes-path-doc later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.17.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.17.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e01384fe8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.17.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+Git v2.17.1 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.17
+-----------------
+
+ * This release contains the same fixes made in the v2.13.7 version of
+   Git, covering CVE-2018-11233 and 11235, and forward-ported to
+   v2.14.4, v2.15.2 and v2.16.4 releases.  See release notes to
+   v2.13.7 for details.
+
+ * In addition to the above fixes, this release has support on the
+   server side to reject pushes to repositories that attempt to create
+   such problematic .gitmodules file etc. as tracked contents, to help
+   hosting sites protect their customers by preventing malicious
+   contents from spreading.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.18.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.18.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3ea280cf68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.18.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,583 @@
+Git 2.18 Release Notes
+======================
+
+Updates since v2.17
+-------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * Rename detection logic that is used in "merge" and "cherry-pick" has
+   learned to guess when all of x/a, x/b and x/c have moved to z/a,
+   z/b and z/c, it is likely that x/d added in the meantime would also
+   want to move to z/d by taking the hint that the entire directory
+   'x' moved to 'z'.  A bug causing dirty files involved in a rename
+   to be overwritten during merge has also been fixed as part of this
+   work.  Incidentally, this also avoids updating a file in the
+   working tree after a (non-trivial) merge whose result matches what
+   our side originally had.
+
+ * "git filter-branch" learned to use a different exit code to allow
+   the callers to tell the case where there was no new commits to
+   rewrite from other error cases.
+
+ * When built with more recent cURL, GIT_SSL_VERSION can now specify
+   "tlsv1.3" as its value.
+
+ * "git gui" learned that "~/.ssh/id_ecdsa.pub" and
+   "~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub" are also possible SSH key files.
+   (merge 2e2f0288ef bb/git-gui-ssh-key-files later to maint).
+
+ * "git gui" performs commit upon CTRL/CMD+ENTER but the
+   CTRL/CMD+KP_ENTER (i.e. enter key on the numpad) did not have the
+   same key binding.  It now does.
+   (merge 28a1d94a06 bp/git-gui-bind-kp-enter later to maint).
+
+ * "git gui" has been taught to work with old versions of tk (like
+   8.5.7) that do not support "ttk::style theme use" as a way to query
+   the current theme.
+   (merge 4891961105 cb/git-gui-ttk-style later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase" has learned to honor "--signoff" option when using
+   backends other than "am" (but not "--preserve-merges").
+
+ * "git branch --list" during an interrupted "rebase -i" now lets
+   users distinguish the case where a detached HEAD is being rebased
+   and a normal branch is being rebased.
+
+ * "git mergetools" learned talking to guiffy.
+
+ * The scripts in contrib/emacs/ have outlived their usefulness and
+   have been replaced with a stub that errors out and tells the user
+   there are replacements.
+
+ * The new "working-tree-encoding" attribute can ask Git to convert the
+   contents to the specified encoding when checking out to the working
+   tree (and the other way around when checking in).
+
+ * The "git config" command uses separate options e.g. "--int",
+   "--bool", etc. to specify what type the caller wants the value to
+   be interpreted as.  A new "--type=<typename>" option has been
+   introduced, which would make it cleaner to define new types.
+
+ * "git config --get" learned the "--default" option, to help the
+   calling script.  Building on top of the above changes, the
+   "git config" learns "--type=color" type.  Taken together, you can
+   do things like "git config --get foo.color --default blue" and get
+   the ANSI color sequence for the color given to foo.color variable,
+   or "blue" if the variable does not exist.
+
+ * "git ls-remote" learned an option to allow sorting its output based
+   on the refnames being shown.
+
+ * The command line completion (in contrib/) has been taught that "git
+   stash save" has been deprecated ("git stash push" is the preferred
+   spelling in the new world) and does not offer it as a possible
+   completion candidate when "git stash push" can be.
+
+ * "git gc --prune=nonsense" spent long time repacking and then
+   silently failed when underlying "git prune --expire=nonsense"
+   failed to parse its command line.  This has been corrected.
+
+ * Error messages from "git push" can be painted for more visibility.
+
+ * "git http-fetch" (deprecated) had an optional and experimental
+   "feature" to fetch only commits and/or trees, which nobody used.
+   This has been removed.
+
+ * The functionality of "$GIT_DIR/info/grafts" has been superseded by
+   the "refs/replace/" mechanism for some time now, but the internal
+   code had support for it in many places, which has been cleaned up
+   in order to drop support of the "grafts" mechanism.
+
+ * "git worktree add" learned to check out an existing branch.
+
+ * "git --no-pager cmd" did not have short-and-sweet single letter
+   option. Now it does as "-P".
+   (merge 7213c28818 js/no-pager-shorthand later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase" learned "--rebase-merges" to transplant the whole
+   topology of commit graph elsewhere.
+
+ * "git status" learned to pay attention to UI related diff
+   configuration variables such as diff.renames.
+
+ * The command line completion mechanism (in contrib/) learned to load
+   custom completion file for "git $command" where $command is a
+   custom "git-$command" that the end user has on the $PATH when using
+   newer version of bash-completion.
+
+ * "git send-email" can sometimes offer confirmation dialog "Send this
+   email?" with choices 'Yes', 'No', 'Quit', and 'All'.  A new action
+   'Edit' has been added to this dialog's choice.
+
+ * With merge.renames configuration set to false, the recursive merge
+   strategy can be told not to spend cycles trying to find renamed
+   paths and merge them accordingly.
+
+ * "git status" learned to honor a new status.renames configuration to
+   skip rename detection, which could be useful for those who want to
+   do so without disabling the default rename detection done by the
+   "git diff" command.
+
+ * Command line completion (in contrib/) learned to complete pathnames
+   for various commands better.
+
+ * "git blame" learns to unhighlight uninteresting metadata from the
+   originating commit on lines that are the same as the previous one,
+   and also paint lines in different colors depending on the age of
+   the commit.
+
+ * Transfer protocol v2 learned to support the partial clone.
+
+ * When a short hexadecimal string is used to name an object but there
+   are multiple objects that share the string as the prefix of their
+   names, the code lists these ambiguous candidates in a help message.
+   These object names are now sorted according to their types for
+   easier eyeballing.
+
+ * "git fetch $there $refspec" that talks over protocol v2 can take
+   advantage of server-side ref filtering; the code has been extended
+   so that this mechanism triggers also when fetching with configured
+   refspec.
+
+ * Our HTTP client code used to advertise that we accept gzip encoding
+   from the other side; instead, just let cURL library to advertise
+   and negotiate the best one.
+
+ * "git p4" learned to "unshelve" shelved commit from P4.
+   (merge 123f631761 ld/p4-unshelve later to maint).
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
+
+ * A "git fetch" from a repository with insane number of refs into a
+   repository that is already up-to-date still wasted too many cycles
+   making many lstat(2) calls to see if these objects at the tips
+   exist as loose objects locally.  These lstat(2) calls are optimized
+   away by enumerating all loose objects beforehand.
+   It is unknown if the new strategy negatively affects existing use
+   cases, fetching into a repository with many loose objects from a
+   repository with small number of refs.
+
+ * Git can be built to use either v1 or v2 of the PCRE library, and so
+   far, the build-time configuration USE_LIBPCRE=YesPlease instructed
+   the build procedure to use v1, but now it means v2.  USE_LIBPCRE1
+   and USE_LIBPCRE2 can be used to explicitly choose which version to
+   use, as before.
+
+ * The build procedure learned to optionally use symbolic links
+   (instead of hardlinks and copies) to install "git-foo" for built-in
+   commands, whose binaries are all identical.
+
+ * Conversion from uchar[20] to struct object_id continues.
+
+ * The way "git worktree prune" worked internally has been simplified,
+   by assuming how "git worktree move" moves an existing worktree to a
+   different place.
+
+ * Code clean-up for the "repository" abstraction.
+   (merge 00a3da2a13 nd/remove-ignore-env-field later to maint).
+
+ * Code to find the length to uniquely abbreviate object names based
+   on packfile content, which is a relatively recent addtion, has been
+   optimized to use the same fan-out table.
+
+ * The mechanism to use parse-options API to automate the command line
+   completion continues to get extended and polished.
+
+ * Copies of old scripted Porcelain commands in contrib/examples/ have
+   been removed.
+
+ * Some tests that rely on the exact hardcoded values of object names
+   have been updated in preparation for hash function migration.
+
+ * Perf-test update.
+
+ * Test helper update.
+
+ * The effort continues to refactor the internal global data structure
+   to make it possible to open multiple repositories, work with and
+   then close them,
+
+ * Small test-helper programs have been consolidated into a single
+   binary.
+
+ * API clean-up around ref-filter code.
+
+ * Shell completion (in contrib) that gives list of paths have been
+   optimized somewhat.
+
+ * The index file is updated to record the fsmonitor section after a
+   full scan was made, to avoid wasting the effort that has already
+   spent.
+
+ * Performance measuring framework in t/perf learned to help bisecting
+   performance regressions.
+
+ * Some multi-word source filenames are being renamed to separate
+   words with dashes instead of underscores.
+
+ * An reusable "memory pool" implementation has been extracted from
+   fast-import.c, which in turn has become the first user of the
+   mem-pool API.
+
+ * A build-time option has been added to allow Git to be told to refer
+   to its associated files relative to the main binary, in the same
+   way that has been possible on Windows for quite some time, for
+   Linux, BSDs and Darwin.
+
+ * Precompute and store information necessary for ancestry traversal
+   in a separate file to optimize graph walking.
+
+ * The effort to pass the repository in-core structure throughout the
+   API continues.  This round deals with the code that implements the
+   refs/replace/ mechanism.
+
+ * The build procedure "make DEVELOPER=YesPlease" learned to enable a
+   bit more warning options depending on the compiler used to help
+   developers more.  There also is "make DEVOPTS=tokens" knob
+   available now, for those who want to help fixing warnings we
+   usually ignore, for example.
+
+ * A new version of the transport protocol is being worked on.
+
+ * The code to interface to GPG has been restructured somewhat to make
+   it cleaner to integrate with other types of signature systems later.
+
+ * The code has been taught to use the duplicated information stored
+   in the commit-graph file to learn the tree object name for a commit
+   to avoid opening and parsing the commit object when it makes sense
+   to do so.
+
+ * "git gc" in a large repository takes a lot of time as it considers
+   to repack all objects into one pack by default.  The command has
+   been taught to pretend as if the largest existing packfile is
+   marked with ".keep" so that it is left untouched while objects in
+   other packs and loose ones are repacked.
+
+ * The transport protocol v2 is getting updated further.
+
+ * The codepath around object-info API has been taught to take the
+   repository object (which in turn tells the API which object store
+   the objects are to be located).
+
+ * "git pack-objects" needs to allocate tons of "struct object_entry"
+   while doing its work, and shrinking its size helps the performance
+   quite a bit.
+
+ * The implementation of "git rebase -i --root" has been updated to use
+   the sequencer machinery more.
+
+ * Developer support update, by using BUG() macro instead of die() to
+   mark codepaths that should not happen more clearly.
+
+ * Developer support.  Use newer GCC on one of the builds done at
+   TravisCI.org to get more warnings and errors diagnosed.
+
+ * Conversion from uchar[20] to struct object_id continues.
+
+ * By code restructuring of submodule merge in merge-recursive,
+   informational messages from the codepath are now given using the
+   same mechanism as other output, and honor the merge.verbosity
+   configuration.  The code also learned to give a few new messages
+   when a submodule three-way merge resolves cleanly when one side
+   records a descendant of the commit chosen by the other side.
+
+ * Avoid unchecked snprintf() to make future code auditing easier.
+   (merge ac4896f007 jk/snprintf-truncation later to maint).
+
+ * Many tests hardcode the raw object names, which would change once
+   we migrate away from SHA-1.  While some of them must test against
+   exact object names, most of them do not have to use hardcoded
+   constants in the test.  The latter kind of tests have been updated
+   to test the moral equivalent of the original without hardcoding the
+   actual object names.
+
+ * The list of commands with their various attributes were spread
+   across a few places in the build procedure, but it now is getting a
+   bit more consolidated to allow more automation.
+
+ * Quite a many tests assumed that newly created refs are made as
+   loose refs using the files backend, which have been updated to use
+   proper plumbing like rev-parse and update-ref, to avoid breakage
+   once we start using different ref backends.
+
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v2.17
+-----------------
+
+ * "git shortlog cruft" aborted with a BUG message when run outside a
+   Git repository.  The command has been taught to complain about
+   extra and unwanted arguments on its command line instead in such a
+   case.
+   (merge 4aa0161e83 ma/shortlog-revparse later to maint).
+
+ * "git stash push -u -- <pathspec>" gave an unnecessary and confusing
+   error message when there was no tracked files that match the
+   <pathspec>, which has been fixed.
+   (merge 353278687e tg/stash-untracked-with-pathspec-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git tag --contains no-such-commit" gave a full list of options
+   after giving an error message.
+   (merge 3bb0923f06 ps/contains-id-error-message later to maint).
+
+ * "diff-highlight" filter (in contrib/) learned to understand "git log
+   --graph" output better.
+   (merge 4551fbba14 jk/diff-highlight-graph-fix later to maint).
+
+ * when refs that do not point at committish are given, "git
+   filter-branch" gave a misleading error messages.  This has been
+   corrected.
+   (merge f78ab355e7 yk/filter-branch-non-committish-refs later to maint).
+
+ * "git submodule status" misbehaved on a submodule that has been
+   removed from the working tree.
+   (merge 74b6bda32f rs/status-with-removed-submodule later to maint).
+
+ * When credential helper exits very quickly without reading its
+   input, it used to cause Git to die with SIGPIPE, which has been
+   fixed.
+   (merge a0d51e8d0e eb/cred-helper-ignore-sigpipe later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase --keep-empty" still removed an empty commit if the
+   other side contained an empty commit (due to the "does an
+   equivalent patch exist already?" check), which has been corrected.
+   (merge 3d946165e1 pw/rebase-keep-empty-fixes later to maint).
+
+ * Some codepaths, including the refs API, get and keep relative
+   paths, that go out of sync when the process does chdir(2).  The
+   chdir-notify API is introduced to let these codepaths adjust these
+   cached paths to the new current directory.
+   (merge fb9c2d2703 jk/relative-directory-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "cd sub/dir && git commit ../path" ought to record the changes to
+   the file "sub/path", but this regressed long time ago.
+   (merge 86238e07ef bw/commit-partial-from-subdirectory-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Recent introduction of "--log-destination" option to "git daemon"
+   did not work well when the daemon was run under "--inetd" mode.
+   (merge e67d906d73 lw/daemon-log-destination later to maint).
+
+ * Small fix to the autoconf build procedure.
+   (merge 249482daf0 es/fread-reads-dir-autoconf-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Fix an unexploitable (because the oversized contents are not under
+   attacker's control) buffer overflow.
+   (merge d8579accfa bp/fsmonitor-bufsize-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Recent simplification of build procedure forgot a bit of tweak to
+   the build procedure of contrib/mw-to-git/
+   (merge d8698987f3 ab/simplify-perl-makefile later to maint).
+
+ * Moving a submodule that itself has submodule in it with "git mv"
+   forgot to make necessary adjustment to the nested sub-submodules;
+   now the codepath learned to recurse into the submodules.
+
+ * "git config --unset a.b", when "a.b" is the last variable in an
+   otherwise empty section "a", left an empty section "a" behind, and
+   worse yet, a subsequent "git config a.c value" did not reuse that
+   empty shell and instead created a new one.  These have been
+   (partially) corrected.
+   (merge c71d8bb38a js/empty-config-section-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git worktree remove" learned that "-f" is a shorthand for
+   "--force" option, just like for "git worktree add".
+   (merge d228eea514 sb/worktree-remove-opt-force later to maint).
+
+ * The completion script (in contrib/) learned to clear cached list of
+   command line options upon dot-sourcing it again in a more efficient
+   way.
+   (merge 94408dc71c sg/completion-clear-cached later to maint).
+
+ * "git svn" had a minor thinko/typo which has been fixed.
+   (merge 51db271587 ab/git-svn-get-record-typofix later to maint).
+
+ * During a "rebase -i" session, the code could give older timestamp
+   to commits created by later "pick" than an earlier "reword", which
+   has been corrected.
+   (merge 12f7babd6b js/ident-date-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git submodule status" did not check the symbolic revision name it
+   computed for the submodule HEAD is not the NULL, and threw it at
+   printf routines, which has been corrected.
+   (merge 0b5e2ea7cf nd/submodule-status-fix later to maint).
+
+ * When fed input that already has In-Reply-To: and/or References:
+   headers and told to add the same information, "git send-email"
+   added these headers separately, instead of appending to an existing
+   one, which is a violation of the RFC.  This has been corrected.
+   (merge 256be1d3f0 sa/send-email-dedup-some-headers later to maint).
+
+ * "git fast-export" had a regression in v2.15.0 era where it skipped
+   some merge commits in certain cases, which has been corrected.
+   (merge be011bbe00 ma/fast-export-skip-merge-fix later to maint).
+
+ * The code did not propagate the terminal width to subprocesses via
+   COLUMNS environment variable, which it now does.  This caused
+   trouble to "git column" helper subprocess when "git tag --column=row"
+   tried to list the existing tags on a display with non-default width.
+   (merge b5d5a567fb nd/term-columns later to maint).
+
+ * We learned that our source files with ".pl" and ".py" extensions
+   are Perl and Python files respectively and changes to them are
+   better viewed as such with appropriate diff drivers.
+   (merge 7818b619e2 ab/perl-python-attrs later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase -i" sometimes left intermediate "# This is a
+   combination of N commits" message meant for the human consumption
+   inside an editor in the final result in certain corner cases, which
+   has been fixed.
+   (merge 15ef69314d js/rebase-i-clean-msg-after-fixup-continue later to maint).
+
+ * A test to see if the filesystem normalizes UTF-8 filename has been
+   updated to check what we need to know in a more direct way, i.e. a
+   path created in NFC form can be accessed with NFD form (or vice
+   versa) to cope with APFS as well as HFS.
+   (merge 742ae10e35 tb/test-apfs-utf8-normalization later to maint).
+
+ * "git format-patch --cover --attach" created a broken MIME multipart
+   message for the cover letter, which has been fixed by keeping the
+   cover letter as plain text file.
+   (merge 50cd54ef4e bc/format-patch-cover-no-attach later to maint).
+
+ * The split-index feature had a long-standing and dormant bug in
+   certain use of the in-core merge machinery, which has been fixed.
+   (merge 7db118303a en/unpack-trees-split-index-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Asciidoctor gives a reasonable imitation for AsciiDoc, but does not
+   render illustration in a literal block correctly when indented with
+   HT by default. The problem is fixed by forcing 8-space tabs.
+   (merge 379805051d bc/asciidoctor-tab-width later to maint).
+
+ * Code clean-up to adjust to a more recent lockfile API convention that
+   allows lockfile instances kept on the stack.
+   (merge 0fa5a2ed8d ma/lockfile-cleanup later to maint).
+
+ * the_repository->index is not a allocated piece of memory but
+   repo_clear() indiscriminately attempted to free(3) it, which has
+   been corrected.
+   (merge 74373b5f10 nd/repo-clear-keep-the-index later to maint).
+
+ * Code clean-up to avoid non-standard-conformant pointer arithmetic.
+   (merge c112084af9 rs/no-null-ptr-arith-in-fast-export later to maint).
+
+ * Code clean-up to turn history traversal more robust in a
+   semi-corrupt repository.
+   (merge 8702b30fd7 jk/unavailable-can-be-missing later to maint).
+
+ * "git update-ref A B" is supposed to ensure that ref A does not yet
+   exist when B is a NULL OID, but this check was not done correctly
+   for pseudo-refs outside refs/ hierarchy, e.g. MERGE_HEAD.
+
+ * "git submodule update" and "git submodule add" supported the
+   "--reference" option to borrow objects from a neighbouring local
+   repository like "git clone" does, but lacked the more recent
+   invention "--dissociate".  Also "git submodule add" has been taught
+   to take the "--progress" option.
+   (merge a0ef29341a cf/submodule-progress-dissociate later to maint).
+
+ * Update credential-netrc helper (in contrib/) to allow customizing
+   the GPG used to decrypt the encrypted .netrc file.
+   (merge 786ef50a23 lm/credential-netrc later to maint).
+
+ * "git submodule update" attempts two different kinds of "git fetch"
+   against the upstream repository to grab a commit bound at the
+   submodule's path, but it incorrectly gave up if the first kind
+   (i.e. a normal fetch) failed, making the second "last resort" one
+   (i.e. fetching an exact commit object by object name) ineffective.
+   This has been corrected.
+   (merge e30d833671 sb/submodule-update-try-harder later to maint).
+
+ * Error behaviour of "git grep" when it cannot read the index was
+   inconsistent with other commands that uses the index, which has
+   been corrected to error out early.
+   (merge b2aa84c789 sb/grep-die-on-unreadable-index later to maint).
+
+ * We used to call regfree() after regcomp() failed in some codepaths,
+   which have been corrected.
+   (merge 17154b1576 ma/regex-no-regfree-after-comp-fail later to maint).
+
+ * The import-tars script (in contrib/) has been taught to handle
+   tarballs with overly long paths that use PAX extended headers.
+   (merge 12ecea46e3 pa/import-tars-long-names later to maint).
+
+ * "git rev-parse Y..." etc. misbehaved when given endpoints were
+   not committishes.
+   (merge 0ed556d38f en/rev-parse-invalid-range later to maint).
+
+ * "git pull --recurse-submodules --rebase", when the submodule
+   repository's history did not have anything common between ours and
+   the upstream's, failed to execute.  We need to fetch from them to
+   continue even in such a case.
+   (merge 4d36f88be7 jt/submodule-pull-recurse-rebase later to maint).
+
+ * "git remote update" can take both a single remote nickname and a
+   nickname for remote groups, but only one of them was documented.
+   (merge a97447a42a nd/remote-update-doc later to maint).
+
+ * "index-pack --strict" has been taught to make sure that it runs the
+   final object integrity checks after making the freshly indexed
+   packfile available to itself.
+   (merge 3737746120 jk/index-pack-maint later to maint).
+
+ * Make zlib inflate codepath more robust against versions of zlib
+   that clobber unused portion of outbuf.
+   (merge b611396e97 jl/zlib-restore-nul-termination later to maint).
+
+ * Fix old merge glitch in Documentation during v2.13-rc0 era.
+   (merge 28cb06020b mw/doc-merge-enumfix later to maint).
+
+ * The code to read compressed bitmap was not careful to avoid reading
+   past the end of the file, which has been corrected.
+   (merge 1140bf01ec jk/ewah-bounds-check later to maint).
+
+ * "make NO_ICONV=NoThanks" did not override NEEDS_LIBICONV
+   (i.e. linkage of -lintl, -liconv, etc. that are platform-specific
+   tweaks), which has been corrected.
+   (merge fdb1fbbc7d es/make-no-iconv later to maint).
+
+ * Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups.
+   (merge 248f66ed8e nd/trace-with-env later to maint).
+   (merge 14ced5562c ys/bisect-object-id-missing-conversion-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 5988eb631a ab/doc-hash-brokenness later to maint).
+   (merge a4d4e32a70 pk/test-avoid-pipe-hiding-exit-status later to maint).
+   (merge 05e293c1ac jk/flockfile-stdio later to maint).
+   (merge e9184b0789 jk/t5561-missing-curl later to maint).
+   (merge b1801b85a3 nd/worktree-move later to maint).
+   (merge bbd374dd20 ak/bisect-doc-typofix later to maint).
+   (merge 4855f06fb3 mn/send-email-credential-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 8523b1e355 en/doc-typoes later to maint).
+   (merge 43b44ccfe7 js/t5404-path-fix later to maint).
+   (merge decf711fc1 ps/test-chmtime-get later to maint).
+   (merge 22d11a6e8e es/worktree-docs later to maint).
+   (merge 92a5dbbc22 tg/use-git-contacts later to maint).
+   (merge adc887221f tq/t1510 later to maint).
+   (merge bed21a8ad6 sg/doc-gc-quote-mismatch-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 73364e4f10 tz/doc-git-urls-reference later to maint).
+   (merge cd1e606bad bc/mailmap-self later to maint).
+   (merge f7997e3682 ao/config-api-doc later to maint).
+   (merge ee930754d8 jk/apply-p-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 011b648646 nd/pack-format-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 87a6bb701a sg/t5310-jgit-bitmap-test later to maint).
+   (merge f6b82970aa sg/t5516-fixes later to maint).
+   (merge 4362da078e sg/t7005-spaces-in-filenames-cleanup later to maint).
+   (merge 7d0ee47c11 js/test-unset-prereq later to maint).
+   (merge 5356a3c354 ah/misc-doc-updates later to maint).
+   (merge 92c4a7a129 nd/completion-aliasfiletype-typofix later to maint).
+   (merge 58bd77b66a nd/pack-unreachable-objects-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 4ed79d5203 sg/t6500-no-redirect-of-stdin later to maint).
+   (merge 17b8a2d6cd jk/config-blob-sans-repo later to maint).
+   (merge 590551ca2c rd/tag-doc-lightweight later to maint).
+   (merge 44f560fc16 rd/init-typo later to maint).
+   (merge f156a0934a rd/p4-doc-markup-env later to maint).
+   (merge 2a00502b14 tg/doc-sec-list later to maint).
+   (merge 47cc91310a jk/submodule-fsck-loose-fixup later to maint).
+   (merge efde7b725c rd/comment-typofix-in-sha1-file later to maint).
+   (merge 7eedad15df rd/diff-options-typofix later to maint).
+   (merge 58ebd936cc km/doc-workflows-typofix later to maint).
+   (merge 30aa96cdf8 rd/doc-remote-tracking-with-hyphen later to maint).
+   (merge cf317877e3 ks/branch-set-upstream later to maint).
+   (merge 8de19d6be8 sg/t7406-chain-fix later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.19.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.19.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bcbfbc2041
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.19.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,567 @@
+Git 2.19 Release Notes
+======================
+
+Updates since v2.18
+-------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * "git diff" compares the index and the working tree.  For paths
+   added with intent-to-add bit, the command shows the full contents
+   of them as added, but the paths themselves were not marked as new
+   files.  They are now shown as new by default.
+
+   "git apply" learned the "--intent-to-add" option so that an
+   otherwise working-tree-only application of a patch will add new
+   paths to the index marked with the "intent-to-add" bit.
+
+ * "git grep" learned the "--column" option that gives not just the
+   line number but the column number of the hit.
+
+ * The "-l" option in "git branch -l" is an unfortunate short-hand for
+   "--create-reflog", but many users, both old and new, somehow expect
+   it to be something else, perhaps "--list".  This step warns when "-l"
+   is used as a short-hand for "--create-reflog" and warns about the
+   future repurposing of the it when it is used.
+
+ * The userdiff pattern for .php has been updated.
+
+ * The content-transfer-encoding of the message "git send-email" sends
+   out by default was 8bit, which can cause trouble when there is an
+   overlong line to bust RFC 5322/2822 limit.  A new option 'auto' to
+   automatically switch to quoted-printable when there is such a line
+   in the payload has been introduced and is made the default.
+
+ * "git checkout" and "git worktree add" learned to honor
+   checkout.defaultRemote when auto-vivifying a local branch out of a
+   remote tracking branch in a repository with multiple remotes that
+   have tracking branches that share the same names.
+   (merge 8d7b558bae ab/checkout-default-remote later to maint).
+
+ * "git grep" learned the "--only-matching" option.
+
+ * "git rebase --rebase-merges" mode now handles octopus merges as
+   well.
+
+ * Add a server-side knob to skip commits in exponential/fibbonacci
+   stride in an attempt to cover wider swath of history with a smaller
+   number of iterations, potentially accepting a larger packfile
+   transfer, instead of going back one commit a time during common
+   ancestor discovery during the "git fetch" transaction.
+   (merge 42cc7485a2 jt/fetch-negotiator-skipping later to maint).
+
+ * A new configuration variable core.usereplacerefs has been added,
+   primarily to help server installations that want to ignore the
+   replace mechanism altogether.
+
+ * Teach "git tag -s" etc. a few configuration variables (gpg.format
+   that can be set to "openpgp" or "x509", and gpg.<format>.program
+   that is used to specify what program to use to deal with the format)
+   to allow x.509 certs with CMS via "gpgsm" to be used instead of
+   openpgp via "gnupg".
+
+ * Many more strings are prepared for l10n.
+
+ * "git p4 submit" learns to ask its own pre-submit hook if it should
+   continue with submitting.
+
+ * The test performed at the receiving end of "git push" to prevent
+   bad objects from entering repository can be customized via
+   receive.fsck.* configuration variables; we now have gained a
+   counterpart to do the same on the "git fetch" side, with
+   fetch.fsck.* configuration variables.
+
+ * "git pull --rebase=interactive" learned "i" as a short-hand for
+   "interactive".
+
+ * "git instaweb" has been adjusted to run better with newer Apache on
+   RedHat based distros.
+
+ * "git range-diff" is a reimplementation of "git tbdiff" that lets us
+   compare individual patches in two iterations of a topic.
+
+ * The sideband code learned to optionally paint selected keywords at
+   the beginning of incoming lines on the receiving end.
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
+
+ * The bulk of "git submodule foreach" has been rewritten in C.
+
+ * The in-core "commit" object had an all-purpose "void *util" field,
+   which was tricky to use especially in library-ish part of the
+   code.  All of the existing uses of the field has been migrated to a
+   more dedicated "commit-slab" mechanism and the field is eliminated.
+
+ * A less often used command "git show-index" has been modernized.
+   (merge fb3010c31f jk/show-index later to maint).
+
+ * The conversion to pass "the_repository" and then "a_repository"
+   throughout the object access API continues.
+
+ * Continuing with the idea to programatically enumerate various
+   pieces of data required for command line completion, teach the
+   codebase to report the list of configuration variables
+   subcommands care about to help complete them.
+
+ * Separate "rebase -p" codepath out of "rebase -i" implementation to
+   slim down the latter and make it easier to manage.
+
+ * Make refspec parsing codepath more robust.
+
+ * Some flaky tests have been fixed.
+
+ * Continuing with the idea to programmatically enumerate various
+   pieces of data required for command line completion, the codebase
+   has been taught to enumerate options prefixed with "--no-" to
+   negate them.
+
+ * Build and test procedure for netrc credential helper (in contrib/)
+   has been updated.
+
+ * The conversion to pass "the_repository" and then "a_repository"
+   throughout the object access API continues.
+
+ * Remove unused function definitions and declarations from ewah
+   bitmap subsystem.
+
+ * Code preparation to make "git p4" closer to be usable with Python 3.
+
+ * Tighten the API to make it harder to misuse in-tree .gitmodules
+   file, even though it shares the same syntax with configuration
+   files, to read random configuration items from it.
+
+ * "git fast-import" has been updated to avoid attempting to create
+   delta against a zero-byte-long string, which is pointless.
+
+ * The codebase has been updated to compile cleanly with -pedantic
+   option.
+   (merge 2b647a05d7 bb/pedantic later to maint).
+
+ * The character display width table has been updated to match the
+   latest Unicode standard.
+   (merge 570951eea2 bb/unicode-11-width later to maint).
+
+ * test-lint now looks for broken use of "VAR=VAL shell_func" in test
+   scripts.
+
+ * Conversion from uchar[40] to struct object_id continues.
+
+ * Recent "security fix" to pay attention to contents of ".gitmodules"
+   while accepting "git push" was a bit overly strict than necessary,
+   which has been adjusted.
+
+ * "git fsck" learns to make sure the optional commit-graph file is in
+   a sane state.
+
+ * "git diff --color-moved" feature has further been tweaked.
+
+ * Code restructuring and a small fix to transport protocol v2 during
+   fetching.
+
+ * Parsing of -L[<N>][,[<M>]] parameters "git blame" and "git log"
+   take has been tweaked.
+
+ * lookup_commit_reference() and friends have been updated to find
+   in-core object for a specific in-core repository instance.
+
+ * Various glitches in the heuristics of merge-recursive strategy have
+   been documented in new tests.
+
+ * "git fetch" learned a new option "--negotiation-tip" to limit the
+   set of commits it tells the other end as "have", to reduce wasted
+   bandwidth and cycles, which would be helpful when the receiving
+   repository has a lot of refs that have little to do with the
+   history at the remote it is fetching from.
+
+ * For a large tree, the index needs to hold many cache entries
+   allocated on heap.  These cache entries are now allocated out of a
+   dedicated memory pool to amortize malloc(3) overhead.
+
+ * Tests to cover various conflicting cases have been added for
+   merge-recursive.
+
+ * Tests to cover conflict cases that involve submodules have been
+   added for merge-recursive.
+
+ * Look for broken "&&" chains that are hidden in subshell, many of
+   which have been found and corrected.
+
+ * The singleton commit-graph in-core instance is made per in-core
+   repository instance.
+
+ * "make DEVELOPER=1 DEVOPTS=pedantic" allows developers to compile
+   with -pedantic option, which may catch more problematic program
+   constructs and potential bugs.
+
+ * Preparatory code to later add json output for telemetry data has
+   been added.
+
+ * Update the way we use Coccinelle to find out-of-style code that
+   need to be modernised.
+
+ * It is too easy to misuse system API functions such as strcat();
+   these selected functions are now forbidden in this codebase and
+   will cause a compilation failure.
+
+ * Add a script (in contrib/) to help users of VSCode work better with
+   our codebase.
+
+ * The Travis CI scripts were taught to ship back the test data from
+   failed tests.
+   (merge aea8879a6a sg/travis-retrieve-trash-upon-failure later to maint).
+
+ * The parse-options machinery learned to refrain from enclosing
+   placeholder string inside a "<bra" and "ket>" pair automatically
+   without PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP.  Existing help text for option
+   arguments that are not formatted correctly have been identified and
+   fixed.
+   (merge 5f0df44cd7 rs/parse-opt-lithelp later to maint).
+
+ * Noiseword "extern" has been removed from function decls in the
+   header files.
+
+ * A few atoms like %(objecttype) and %(objectsize) in the format
+   specifier of "for-each-ref --format=<format>" can be filled without
+   getting the full contents of the object, but just with the object
+   header.  These cases have been optimized by calling
+   oid_object_info() API (instead of reading and inspecting the data).
+
+ * The end result of documentation update has been made to be
+   inspected more easily to help developers.
+
+ * The API to iterate over all objects learned to optionally list
+   objects in the order they appear in packfiles, which helps locality
+   of access if the caller accesses these objects while as objects are
+   enumerated.
+
+ * Improve built-in facility to catch broken &&-chain in the tests.
+
+ * The more library-ish parts of the codebase learned to work on the
+   in-core index-state instance that is passed in by their callers,
+   instead of always working on the singleton "the_index" instance.
+
+ * A test prerequisite defined by various test scripts with slightly
+   different semantics has been consolidated into a single copy and
+   made into a lazily defined one.
+   (merge 6ec633059a wc/make-funnynames-shared-lazy-prereq later to maint).
+
+ * After a partial clone, repeated fetches from promisor remote would
+   have accumulated many packfiles marked with .promisor bit without
+   getting them coalesced into fewer packfiles, hurting performance.
+   "git repack" now learned to repack them.
+
+
+Fixes since v2.18
+-----------------
+
+ * "git remote update" can take both a single remote nickname and a
+   nickname for remote groups, and the completion script (in contrib/)
+   has been taught about it.
+   (merge 9cd4382ad5 ls/complete-remote-update-names later to maint).
+
+ * "git fetch --shallow-since=<cutoff>" that specifies the cut-off
+   point that is newer than the existing history used to end up
+   grabbing the entire history.  Such a request now errors out.
+   (merge e34de73c56 nd/reject-empty-shallow-request later to maint).
+
+ * Fix for 2.17-era regression around `core.safecrlf`.
+   (merge 6cb09125be as/safecrlf-quiet-fix later to maint).
+
+ * The recent addition of "partial clone" experimental feature kicked
+   in when it shouldn't, namely, when there is no partial-clone filter
+   defined even if extensions.partialclone is set.
+   (merge cac1137dc4 jh/partial-clone later to maint).
+
+ * "git send-pack --signed" (hence "git push --signed" over the http
+   transport) did not read user ident from the config mechanism to
+   determine whom to sign the push certificate as, which has been
+   corrected.
+   (merge d067d98887 ms/send-pack-honor-config later to maint).
+
+ * "git fetch-pack --all" used to unnecessarily fail upon seeing an
+   annotated tag that points at an object other than a commit.
+   (merge c12c9df527 jk/fetch-all-peeled-fix later to maint).
+
+ * When user edits the patch in "git add -p" and the user's editor is
+   set to strip trailing whitespaces indiscriminately, an empty line
+   that is unchanged in the patch would become completely empty
+   (instead of a line with a sole SP on it).  The code introduced in
+   Git 2.17 timeframe failed to parse such a patch, but now it learned
+   to notice the situation and cope with it.
+   (merge f4d35a6b49 pw/add-p-recount later to maint).
+
+ * The code to try seeing if a fetch is necessary in a submodule
+   during a fetch with --recurse-submodules got confused when the path
+   to the submodule was changed in the range of commits in the
+   superproject, sometimes showing "(null)".  This has been corrected.
+
+ * "git submodule" did not correctly adjust core.worktree setting that
+   indicates whether/where a submodule repository has its associated
+   working tree across various state transitions, which has been
+   corrected.
+   (merge 984cd77ddb sb/submodule-core-worktree later to maint).
+
+ * Bugfix for "rebase -i" corner case regression.
+   (merge a9279c6785 pw/rebase-i-keep-reword-after-conflict later to maint).
+
+ * Recently added "--base" option to "git format-patch" command did
+   not correctly generate prereq patch ids.
+   (merge 15b76c1fb3 xy/format-patch-prereq-patch-id-fix later to maint).
+
+ * POSIX portability fix in Makefile to fix a glitch introduced a few
+   releases ago.
+   (merge 6600054e9b dj/runtime-prefix later to maint).
+
+ * "git filter-branch" when used with the "--state-branch" option
+   still attempted to rewrite the commits whose filtered result is
+   known from the previous attempt (which is recorded on the state
+   branch); the command has been corrected not to waste cycles doing
+   so.
+   (merge 709cfe848a mb/filter-branch-optim later to maint).
+
+ * Clarify that setting core.ignoreCase to deviate from reality would
+   not turn a case-incapable filesystem into a case-capable one.
+   (merge 48294b512a ms/core-icase-doc later to maint).
+
+ * "fsck.skipList" did not prevent a blob object listed there from
+   being inspected for is contents (e.g. we recently started to
+   inspect the contents of ".gitmodules" for certain malicious
+   patterns), which has been corrected.
+   (merge fb16287719 rj/submodule-fsck-skip later to maint).
+
+ * "git checkout --recurse-submodules another-branch" did not report
+   in which submodule it failed to update the working tree, which
+   resulted in an unhelpful error message.
+   (merge ba95d4e4bd sb/submodule-move-head-error-msg later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase" behaved slightly differently depending on which one of
+   the three backends gets used; this has been documented and an
+   effort to make them more uniform has begun.
+   (merge b00bf1c9a8 en/rebase-consistency later to maint).
+
+ * The "--ignore-case" option of "git for-each-ref" (and its friends)
+   did not work correctly, which has been fixed.
+   (merge e674eb2528 jk/for-each-ref-icase later to maint).
+
+ * "git fetch" failed to correctly validate the set of objects it
+   received when making a shallow history deeper, which has been
+   corrected.
+   (merge cf1e7c0770 jt/connectivity-check-after-unshallow later to maint).
+
+ * Partial clone support of "git clone" has been updated to correctly
+   validate the objects it receives from the other side.  The server
+   side has been corrected to send objects that are directly
+   requested, even if they may match the filtering criteria (e.g. when
+   doing a "lazy blob" partial clone).
+   (merge a7e67c11b8 jt/partial-clone-fsck-connectivity later to maint).
+
+ * Handling of an empty range by "git cherry-pick" was inconsistent
+   depending on how the range ended up to be empty, which has been
+   corrected.
+   (merge c5e358d073 jk/empty-pick-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git reset --merge" (hence "git merge ---abort") and "git reset --hard"
+   had trouble working correctly in a sparsely checked out working
+   tree after a conflict, which has been corrected.
+   (merge b33fdfc34c mk/merge-in-sparse-checkout later to maint).
+
+ * Correct a broken use of "VAR=VAL shell_func" in a test.
+   (merge 650161a277 jc/t3404-one-shot-export-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git rev-parse ':/substring'" did not consider the history leading
+   only to HEAD when looking for a commit with the given substring,
+   when the HEAD is detached.  This has been fixed.
+   (merge 6b3351e799 wc/find-commit-with-pattern-on-detached-head later to maint).
+
+ * Build doc update for Windows.
+   (merge ede8d89bb1 nd/command-list later to maint).
+
+ * core.commentchar is now honored when preparing the list of commits
+   to replay in "rebase -i".
+
+ * "git pull --rebase" on a corrupt HEAD caused a segfault.  In
+   general we substitute an empty tree object when running the in-core
+   equivalent of the diff-index command, and the codepath has been
+   corrected to do so as well to fix this issue.
+   (merge 3506dc9445 jk/has-uncommitted-changes-fix later to maint).
+
+ * httpd tests saw occasional breakage due to the way its access log
+   gets inspected by the tests, which has been updated to make them
+   less flaky.
+   (merge e8b3b2e275 sg/httpd-test-unflake later to maint).
+
+ * Tests to cover more D/F conflict cases have been added for
+   merge-recursive.
+
+ * "git gc --auto" opens file descriptors for the packfiles before
+   spawning "git repack/prune", which would upset Windows that does
+   not want a process to work on a file that is open by another
+   process.  The issue has been worked around.
+   (merge 12e73a3ce4 kg/gc-auto-windows-workaround later to maint).
+
+ * The recursive merge strategy did not properly ensure there was no
+   change between HEAD and the index before performing its operation,
+   which has been corrected.
+   (merge 55f39cf755 en/dirty-merge-fixes later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase" started exporting GIT_DIR environment variable and
+   exposing it to hook scripts when part of it got rewritten in C.
+   Instead of matching the old scripted Porcelains' behaviour,
+   compensate by also exporting GIT_WORK_TREE environment as well to
+   lessen the damage.  This can harm existing hooks that want to
+   operate on different repository, but the current behaviour is
+   already broken for them anyway.
+   (merge ab5e67d751 bc/sequencer-export-work-tree-as-well later to maint).
+
+ * "git send-email" when using in a batched mode that limits the
+   number of messages sent in a single SMTP session lost the contents
+   of the variable used to choose between tls/ssl, unable to send the
+   second and later batches, which has been fixed.
+   (merge 636f3d7ac5 jm/send-email-tls-auth-on-batch later to maint).
+
+ * The lazy clone support had a few places where missing but promised
+   objects were not correctly tolerated, which have been fixed.
+
+ * One of the "diff --color-moved" mode "dimmed_zebra" that was named
+   in an unusual way has been deprecated and replaced by
+   "dimmed-zebra".
+   (merge e3f2f5f9cd es/diff-color-moved-fix later to maint).
+
+ * The wire-protocol v2 relies on the client to send "ref prefixes" to
+   limit the bandwidth spent on the initial ref advertisement.  "git
+   clone" when learned to speak v2 forgot to do so, which has been
+   corrected.
+   (merge 402c47d939 bw/clone-ref-prefixes later to maint).
+
+ * "git diff --histogram" had a bad memory usage pattern, which has
+   been rearranged to reduce the peak usage.
+   (merge 79cb2ebb92 sb/histogram-less-memory later to maint).
+
+ * Code clean-up to use size_t/ssize_t when they are the right type.
+   (merge 7726d360b5 jk/size-t later to maint).
+
+ * The wire-protocol v2 relies on the client to send "ref prefixes" to
+   limit the bandwidth spent on the initial ref advertisement.  "git
+   fetch $remote branch:branch" that asks tags that point into the
+   history leading to the "branch" automatically followed sent to
+   narrow prefix and broke the tag following, which has been fixed.
+   (merge 2b554353a5 jt/tag-following-with-proto-v2-fix later to maint).
+
+ * When the sparse checkout feature is in use, "git cherry-pick" and
+   other mergy operations lost the skip_worktree bit when a path that
+   is excluded from checkout requires content level merge, which is
+   resolved as the same as the HEAD version, without materializing the
+   merge result in the working tree, which made the path appear as
+   deleted.  This has been corrected by preserving the skip_worktree
+   bit (and not materializing the file in the working tree).
+   (merge 2b75fb601c en/merge-recursive-skip-fix later to maint).
+
+ * The "author-script" file "git rebase -i" creates got broken when
+   we started to move the command away from shell script, which is
+   getting fixed now.
+   (merge 5522bbac20 es/rebase-i-author-script-fix later to maint).
+
+ * The automatic tree-matching in "git merge -s subtree" was broken 5
+   years ago and nobody has noticed since then, which is now fixed.
+   (merge 2ec4150713 jk/merge-subtree-heuristics later to maint).
+
+ * "git fetch $there refs/heads/s" ought to fetch the tip of the
+   branch 's', but when "refs/heads/refs/heads/s", i.e. a branch whose
+   name is "refs/heads/s" exists at the same time, fetched that one
+   instead by mistake.  This has been corrected to honor the usual
+   disambiguation rules for abbreviated refnames.
+   (merge 60650a48c0 jt/refspec-dwim-precedence-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Futureproofing a helper function that can easily be misused.
+   (merge 65bb21e77e es/want-color-fd-defensive later to maint).
+
+ * The http-backend (used for smart-http transport) used to slurp the
+   whole input until EOF, without paying attention to CONTENT_LENGTH
+   that is supplied in the environment and instead expecting the Web
+   server to close the input stream.  This has been fixed.
+   (merge eebfe40962 mk/http-backend-content-length later to maint).
+
+ * "git merge --abort" etc. did not clean things up properly when
+   there were conflicted entries in the index in certain order that
+   are involved in D/F conflicts.  This has been corrected.
+   (merge ad3762042a en/abort-df-conflict-fixes later to maint).
+
+ * "git diff --indent-heuristic" had a bad corner case performance.
+   (merge 301ef85401 sb/indent-heuristic-optim later to maint).
+
+ * The "--exec" option to "git rebase --rebase-merges" placed the exec
+   commands at wrong places, which has been corrected.
+
+ * "git verify-tag" and "git verify-commit" have been taught to use
+   the exit status of underlying "gpg --verify" to signal bad or
+   untrusted signature they found.
+   (merge 4e5dc9ca17 jc/gpg-status later to maint).
+
+ * "git mergetool" stopped and gave an extra prompt to continue after
+   the last path has been handled, which did not make much sense.
+   (merge d651a54b8a ng/mergetool-lose-final-prompt later to maint).
+
+ * Among the three codepaths we use O_APPEND to open a file for
+   appending, one used for writing GIT_TRACE output requires O_APPEND
+   implementation that behaves sensibly when multiple processes are
+   writing to the same file.  POSIX emulation used in the Windows port
+   has been updated to improve in this area.
+   (merge d641097589 js/mingw-o-append later to maint).
+
+ * "git pull --rebase -v" in a repository with a submodule barfed as
+   an intermediate process did not understand what "-v(erbose)" flag
+   meant, which has been fixed.
+   (merge e84c3cf3dc sb/pull-rebase-submodule later to maint).
+
+ * Recent update to "git config" broke updating variable in a
+   subsection, which has been corrected.
+   (merge bff7df7a87 sb/config-write-fix later to maint).
+
+ * When "git rebase -i" is told to squash two or more commits into
+   one, it labeled the log message for each commit with its number.
+   It correctly called the first one "1st commit", but the next one
+   was "commit #1", which was off-by-one.  This has been corrected.
+   (merge dd2e36ebac pw/rebase-i-squash-number-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase -i", when a 'merge <branch>' insn in its todo list
+   fails, segfaulted, which has been (minimally) corrected.
+   (merge bc9238bb09 pw/rebase-i-merge-segv-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git cherry-pick --quit" failed to remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD even
+   though we won't be in a cherry-pick session after it returns, which
+   has been corrected.
+   (merge 3e7dd99208 nd/cherry-pick-quit-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
+   (merge aee9be2ebe sg/update-ref-stdin-cleanup later to maint).
+   (merge 037714252f jc/clean-after-sanity-tests later to maint).
+   (merge 5b26c3c941 en/merge-recursive-cleanup later to maint).
+   (merge 0dcbc0392e bw/config-refer-to-gitsubmodules-doc later to maint).
+   (merge bb4d000e87 bw/protocol-v2 later to maint).
+   (merge 928f0ab4ba vs/typofixes later to maint).
+   (merge d7f590be84 en/rebase-i-microfixes later to maint).
+   (merge 81d395cc85 js/rebase-recreate-merge later to maint).
+   (merge 51d1863168 tz/exclude-doc-smallfixes later to maint).
+   (merge a9aa3c0927 ds/commit-graph later to maint).
+   (merge 5cf8e06474 js/enhanced-version-info later to maint).
+   (merge 6aaded5509 tb/config-default later to maint).
+   (merge 022d2ac1f3 sb/blame-color later to maint).
+   (merge 5a06a20e0c bp/test-drop-caches-for-windows later to maint).
+   (merge dd61cc1c2e jk/ui-color-always-to-auto later to maint).
+   (merge 1e83b9bfdd sb/trailers-docfix later to maint).
+   (merge ab29f1b329 sg/fast-import-dump-refs-on-checkpoint-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 6a8ad880f0 jn/subtree-test-fixes later to maint).
+   (merge ffbd51cc60 nd/pack-objects-threading-doc later to maint).
+   (merge e9dac7be60 es/mw-to-git-chain-fix later to maint).
+   (merge fe583c6c7a rs/remote-mv-leakfix later to maint).
+   (merge 69885ab015 en/t3031-title-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 8578037bed nd/config-blame-sort later to maint).
+   (merge 8ad169c4ba hn/config-in-code-comment later to maint).
+   (merge b7446fcfdf ar/t4150-am-scissors-test-fix later to maint).
+   (merge a8132410ee js/typofixes later to maint).
+   (merge 388d0ff6e5 en/update-index-doc later to maint).
+   (merge e05aa688dd jc/update-index-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 10c600172c sg/t5310-empty-input-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 5641eb9465 jh/partial-clone-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 2711b1ad5e ab/submodule-relative-url-tests later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.2.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.2.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5bfffa4106
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.2.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Git v2.2.3 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.2.2
+------------------
+
+ * A handful of codepaths that used to use fixed-sized arrays to hold
+   pathnames have been corrected to use strbuf and other mechanisms to
+   allow longer pathnames without fearing overflows.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.10.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.10.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..20c2d2cacc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.10.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Git v2.3.10 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.3.9
+------------------
+
+ * xdiff code we use to generate diffs is not prepared to handle
+   extremely large files.  It uses "int" in many places, which can
+   overflow if we have a very large number of lines or even bytes in
+   our input files, for example.  Cap the input size to somewhere
+   around 1GB for now.
+
+ * Some protocols (like git-remote-ext) can execute arbitrary code
+   found in the URL.  The URLs that submodules use may come from
+   arbitrary sources (e.g., .gitmodules files in a remote
+   repository), and can hurt those who blindly enable recursive
+   fetch.  Restrict the allowed protocols to well known and safe
+   ones.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.2.txt
index f4caf54927..93462e45c2 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.2.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.2.txt
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Fixes since v2.3.1
    "curl-config --vernum", which confused our build system.
 
  * An earlier workaround to squelch unhelpful deprecation warnings
-   from the complier on Mac OSX unnecessarily set minimum required
+   from the compiler on Mac OSX unnecessarily set minimum required
    version of the OS, which the user might want to raise (or lower)
    for other reasons.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..094c7b853b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+Git v2.3.4 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.3.3
+------------------
+
+ * The 'color.status.unmerged' configuration was not described.
+
+ * "git log --decorate" did not reset colors correctly around the
+   branch names.
+
+ * "git -C '' subcmd" refused to work in the current directory, unlike
+   "cd ''" which silently behaves as a no-op.
+
+ * "git imap-send" learned to optionally talk with an IMAP server via
+   libcURL; because there is no other option when Git is built with
+   NO_OPENSSL option, use that codepath by default under such
+   configuration.
+
+ * A workaround for certain build of GPG that triggered false breakage
+   in a test has been added.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" recently started to include the number of
+   commits in the insn sheet to be processed, but on a platform
+   that prepends leading whitespaces to "wc -l" output, the numbers
+   are shown with extra whitespaces that aren't necessary.
+
+ * We did not parse username followed by literal IPv6 address in SSH
+   transport URLs, e.g. ssh://user@[2001:db8::1]:22/repo.git
+   correctly.
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5b309db689
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+Git v2.3.5 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.3.4
+------------------
+
+ * The prompt script (in contrib/) did not show the untracked sign
+   when working in a subdirectory without any untracked files.
+
+ * Even though "git grep --quiet" is run merely to ask for the exit
+   status, we spawned the pager regardless.  Stop doing that.
+
+ * Recommend format-patch and send-email for those who want to submit
+   patches to this project.
+
+ * An failure early in the "git clone" that started creating the
+   working tree and repository could have resulted in some directories
+   and files left without getting cleaned up.
+
+ * "git fetch" that fetches a commit using the allow-tip-sha1-in-want
+   extension could have failed to fetch all the requested refs.
+
+ * The split-index mode introduced at v2.3.0-rc0~41 was broken in the
+   codepath to protect us against a broken reimplementation of Git
+   that writes an invalid index with duplicated index entries, etc.
+
+ * "git prune" used to largely ignore broken refs when deciding which
+   objects are still being used, which could spread an existing small
+   damage and make it a larger one.
+
+ * "git tag -h" used to show the "--column" and "--sort" options
+   that are about listing in a wrong section.
+
+ * The transfer.hiderefs support did not quite work for smart-http
+   transport.
+
+ * The code that reads from the ctags file in the completion script
+   (in contrib/) did not spell ${param/pattern/string} substitution
+   correctly, which happened to work with bash but not with zsh.
+
+ * The explanation on "rebase --preserve-merges", "pull --rebase=preserve",
+   and "push --force-with-lease" in the documentation was unclear.
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..432f770ef3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Git v2.3.6 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.3.5
+------------------
+
+ * "diff-highlight" (in contrib/) used to show byte-by-byte
+   differences, which meant that multi-byte characters can be chopped
+   in the middle.  It learned to pay attention to character boundaries
+   (assuming the UTF-8 payload).
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.7.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.7.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fc95812cb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.7.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+Git v2.3.7 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.3.6
+------------------
+
+ * An earlier update to the parser that disects a URL broke an
+   address, followed by a colon, followed by an empty string (instead
+   of the port number), e.g. ssh://example.com:/path/to/repo.
+
+ * The completion script (in contrib/) contaminated global namespace
+   and clobbered on a shell variable $x.
+
+ * The "git push --signed" protocol extension did not limit what the
+   "nonce" that is a server-chosen string can contain or how long it
+   can be, which was unnecessarily lax.  Limit both the length and the
+   alphabet to a reasonably small space that can still have enough
+   entropy.
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.8.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.8.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0b67268a96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.8.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+Git v2.3.8 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.3.7
+------------------
+
+ * The usual "git diff" when seeing a file turning into a directory
+   showed a patchset to remove the file and create all files in the
+   directory, but "git diff --no-index" simply refused to work.  Also,
+   when asked to compare a file and a directory, imitate POSIX "diff"
+   and compare the file with the file with the same name in the
+   directory, instead of refusing to run.
+
+ * The default $HOME/.gitconfig file created upon "git config --global"
+   that edits it had incorrectly spelled user.name and user.email
+   entries in it.
+
+ * "git commit --date=now" or anything that relies on approxidate lost
+   the daylight-saving-time offset.
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.9.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.9.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1a2ad3235a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.9.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Git v2.3.9 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.3.8
+------------------
+
+ * A handful of codepaths that used to use fixed-sized arrays to hold
+   pathnames have been corrected to use strbuf and other mechanisms to
+   allow longer pathnames without fearing overflows.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.0.txt
index 072309eaa6..cde64be535 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.0.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.0.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,42 @@
 Git 2.4 Release Notes
 =====================
 
+Backward compatibility warning(s)
+---------------------------------
+
+This release has a few changes in the user-visible output from
+Porcelain commands. These are not meant to be parsed by scripts, but
+users still may want to be aware of the changes:
+
+ * The output from "git log --decorate" (and, more generally, the "%d"
+   format specifier used in the "--format=<string>" parameter to the
+   "git log" family of commands) has changed. It used to list "HEAD"
+   just like other branches; e.g.,
+
+     $ git log --decorate -1 master
+     commit bdb0f6788fa5e3cacc4315e9ff318a27b2676ff4 (HEAD, master)
+     ...
+
+   This release changes the output slightly when HEAD refers to a
+   branch whose name is also shown in the output. The above is now
+   shown as:
+
+     $ git log --decorate -1 master
+     commit bdb0f6788fa5e3cacc4315e9ff318a27b2676ff4 (HEAD -> master)
+     ...
+
+ * The phrasing "git branch" uses to describe a detached HEAD has been
+   updated to agree with the phrasing used by "git status":
+
+    - When HEAD is at the same commit as when it was originally
+      detached, they now both show "detached at <commit object name>".
+
+    - When HEAD has moved since it was originally detached, they now
+      both show "detached from <commit object name>".
+
+   Previously, "git branch" always used "from".
+
+
 Updates since v2.3
 ------------------
 
@@ -10,8 +46,14 @@ Ports
    platforms with smaller SSIZE_MAX, leading to read(2)/write(2)
    failures.
 
- * We did not check the curl library version before using
-   CURLOPT_PROXYAUTH feature that may not exist.
+ * We did not check the curl library version before using the
+   CURLOPT_PROXYAUTH feature, which did not exist in older versions of
+   the library.
+
+ * We now detect number of CPUs on older BSD-derived systems.
+
+ * Portability fixes and workarounds for shell scripts have been added
+   to help BSD-derived systems.
 
 
 UI, Workflows & Features
@@ -25,68 +67,105 @@ UI, Workflows & Features
  * "git log --invert-grep --grep=WIP" will show only commits that do
    not have the string "WIP" in their messages.
 
- * "git push" has been taught a "--atomic" option that makes push to
-   update more than one ref an "all-or-none" affair.
+ * "git push" has been taught an "--atomic" option that makes a push
+   that updates more than one ref an "all-or-none" affair.
 
- * Extending the "push to deploy" added in 2.3, the behaviour of "git
-   push" when updating the branch that is checked out can now be
-   tweaked by push-to-checkout hook.
+ * Extending the "push to deploy" feature that was added in 2.3, the
+   behaviour of "git push" when updating the branch that is checked
+   out can now be tweaked by a "push-to-checkout" hook.
 
- * Using environment variable LANGUAGE and friends on the client side,
-   HTTP-based transports now send Accept-Language when making requests.
+ * HTTP-based transports now send Accept-Language when making
+   requests. The languages to accept are inferred from environment
+   variables on the client side (LANGUAGE, etc).
 
  * "git send-email" used to accept a mistaken "y" (or "yes") as an
-   answer to "What encoding do you want to use [UTF-8]? " without
-   questioning.  Now it asks for confirmation when the answer looks
-   too short to be a valid encoding name.
+   answer to "What encoding do you want to use [UTF-8]?" without
+   questioning. Now it asks for confirmation when the answer looks too
+   short to be a valid encoding name.
 
  * When "git apply --whitespace=fix" fixed whitespace errors in the
    common context lines, the command reports that it did so.
 
- * "git status" now allows the "-v" to be given twice to show the
-   differences that are left in the working tree not to be committed.
+ * "git status" now allows the "-v" option to be given twice, in which
+   case it also shows the differences in the working tree that are not
+   staged to be committed.
 
- * "git cherry-pick" used to clean-up the log message even when it is
-   merely replaying an existing commit.  It now replays the message
-   verbatim unless you are editing the message of resulting commits.
+ * "git cherry-pick" used to clean up the log message even when it is
+   merely replaying an existing commit. It now replays the message
+   verbatim unless you are editing the message of the resulting
+   commit.
 
  * "git archive" can now be told to set the 'text' attribute in the
    resulting zip archive.
 
+ * Output from "git log --decorate" now distinguishes between a
+   detached HEAD vs. a HEAD that points at a branch.
+
+   This is a potentially backward-incompatible change; see above for
+   more information.
+
+ * When HEAD was detached when at commit xyz and hasn't been moved
+   since it was detached, "git status" would report "detached at xyz"
+   whereas "git branch" would report "detached from xyz". Now the
+   output of "git branch" agrees with that of "git status".
+
+   This is a potentially backward-incompatible change; see above for
+   more information.
+
+ * "git -C '' subcmd" now works in the current directory (analogously
+   to "cd ''") rather than dying with an error message.
+   (merge 6a536e2 kn/git-cd-to-empty later to maint).
+
+ * The versionsort.prereleaseSuffix configuration variable can be used
+   to specify that, for example, v1.0-pre1 comes before v1.0.
+
+ * A new "push.followTags" configuration turns the "--follow-tags"
+   option on by default for the "git push" command.
+
+ * "git log --graph --no-walk A B..." is a nonsensical combination of
+   options: "--no-walk" requests discrete points in the history, while
+   "--graph" asks to draw connections between these discrete points.
+   Forbid the use of these options together.
+
+ * "git rev-list --bisect --first-parent" does not work (yet) and can
+   even cause SEGV; forbid it. "git log --bisect --first-parent" would
+   not be useful until "git bisect --first-parent" materializes, so
+   also forbid it for now.
+
 
 Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
 
- * Implementation of N_() macro has been updated slightly to help us
+ * Slightly change the implementation of the N_() macro to help us
    detect mistakes.
 
- * Implementation of "reflog expire" has been restructured to fit the
-   reflogs better with the recently updated ref API.
+ * Restructure the implementation of "reflog expire" to fit better
+   with the recently updated reference API.
 
- * The transport-helper did not give transport options such as
+ * The transport-helper did not pass transport options such as
    verbosity, progress, cloning, etc. to import and export based
    helpers, like it did for fetch and push based helpers, robbing them
-   the chance to honor the wish of the end-users better.
-
- * The tests that wanted to see that file becomes unreadable after
-   running "chmod a-r file", and the tests that wanted to make sure it
-   is not run as root, we used "can we write into the / directory?" as
-   a cheap substitute, but on some platforms that is not a good
-   heuristics.  The tests and their prerequisites have been updated to
-   check what they really require.
+   of the chance to honor the wish of the end-users better.
+
+ * The tests that wanted to see that a file becomes unreadable after
+   running "chmod a-r file", and the tests that wanted to make sure
+   that they are not run as root, used "can we write into the /
+   directory?" as a cheap substitute. But on some platforms that is
+   not a good heuristic. The tests and their prerequisites have been
+   updated to check what they really require.
    (merge f400e51 jk/sanity later to maint).
 
  * Various issues around "reflog expire", e.g. using --updateref when
    expiring a reflog for a symbolic reference, have been corrected
    and/or made saner.
 
- * The strbuf API was explained between the API documentation and in
-   the header file.  Move missing bits to strbuf.h so that programmers
-   can check only one place for all necessary information.
+ * The documentation for the strbuf API had been split between the API
+   documentation and the header file. Consolidate the documentation in
+   strbuf.h.
 
  * The error handling functions and conventions are now documented in
-   the API manual.
+   the API manual (in api-error-handling.txt).
 
- * Optimize attribute look-up, mostly useful in "git grep" on a
+ * Optimize gitattribute look-up, mostly useful in "git grep" on a
    project that does not use many attributes, by avoiding it when we
    (should) know that the attributes are not defined in the first
    place.
@@ -98,8 +177,26 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
    (merge 0b868f0 sb/hex-object-name-is-at-most-41-bytes-long later to maint).
    (merge 5d30851 dp/remove-duplicated-header-inclusion later to maint).
 
- * Simplify the ref transaction API around how "the ref should be
-   pointing at this object" is specified.
+ * Simplify the ref transaction API for verifying that "the ref should
+   be pointing at this object".
+
+ * Simplify the code in "git daemon" that parses out and holds
+   hostnames used in request interpolation.
+
+ * Restructure the "git push" codepath to make it easier to add new
+   configuration bits.
+
+ * The run-command interface made it easy to make a pipe for us to
+   read from a process, wait for the process to finish, and then
+   attempt to read its output. But this pattern can lead to deadlock.
+   So introduce a helper to do this correctly (i.e., first read, and
+   then wait the process to finish) and also add code to prevent such
+   abuse in the run-command helper.
+
+ * People often forget to chain the commands in their test together
+   with &&, letting a failure from an earlier command in the test go
+   unnoticed. The new GIT_TEST_CHAIN_LINT mechanism allows you to
+   catch such a mistake more easily.
 
 
 Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
@@ -117,33 +214,34 @@ notes for details).
    (merge a46442f jk/blame-commit-label later to maint).
 
  * "git rerere" (invoked internally from many mergy operations) did
-   not correctly signal errors when told to update the working tree
-   files and failed to do so for whatever reason.
+   not correctly signal errors when it attempted to update the working
+   tree files but failed for whatever reason.
    (merge 89ea903 jn/rerere-fail-on-auto-update-failure later to maint).
 
  * Setting diff.submodule to 'log' made "git format-patch" produce
    broken patches.
    (merge 339de50 dk/format-patch-ignore-diff-submodule later to maint).
 
- * After attempting and failing a password-less authentication
-   (e.g. kerberos), libcURL refuses to fall back to password based
-   Basic authentication without a bit of help/encouragement.
+ * After attempting and failing a password-less authentication (e.g.,
+   Kerberos), libcURL refuses to fall back to password-based Basic
+   authentication without a bit of help/encouragement.
    (merge 4dbe664 bc/http-fallback-to-password-after-krb-fails later to maint).
 
- * The "git push" documentation made the "--repo=<there>" option
+ * The "git push" documentation for the "--repo=<there>" option was
    easily misunderstood.
    (merge 57b92a7 mg/push-repo-option-doc later to maint).
 
- * Code to read branch name from various files in .git/ directory
-   would have misbehaved if the code to write them left an empty file.
+ * Code to read a branch name from various files in the .git/
+   directory would have overrun array limits if asked to read an empty
+   file.
    (merge 66ec904 jk/status-read-branch-name-fix later to maint).
 
- * A misspelled conditional that is always true has been fixed.
+ * Remove a superfluous conditional that is always true.
    (merge 94ee8e2 jk/remote-curl-an-array-in-struct-cannot-be-null later to maint).
 
- * The documentation incorrectly said that C(opy) and R(ename) are the
-   only ones that can be followed by the score number in the output in
-   the --raw format.
+ * The "git diff --raw" documentation incorrectly implied that C(opy)
+   and R(ename) are the only statuses that can be followed by a score
+   number.
    (merge ac1c2d9 jc/diff-format-doc later to maint).
 
  * A broken pack .idx file in the receiving repository prevented the
@@ -160,34 +258,44 @@ notes for details).
    to the "log" command.
    (merge 3cab02d jc/doc-log-rev-list-options later to maint).
 
- * "git apply --whitespace=fix" used to under-allocate the memory when
-   the fix resulted in a longer text than the original patch.
+ * "git apply --whitespace=fix" used to under-allocate memory when the
+   fix resulted in a longer text than the original patch.
    (merge 407a792 jc/apply-ws-fix-expands later to maint).
 
  * The interactive "show a list and let the user choose from it"
-   interface "add -i" used showed and prompted to the user even when
-   the candidate list was empty, against which the only "choice" the
-   user could have made was to choose nothing.
+   interface used by "git add -i" unnecessarily prompted the user even
+   when the candidate list was empty, against which the only "choice"
+   the user could have made was to choose nothing.
    (merge a9c4641 ak/add-i-empty-candidates later to maint).
 
- * The insn sheet "git rebase -i" creates did not fully honor
+ * The todo list created by "git rebase -i" did not fully honor
    core.abbrev settings.
    (merge edb72d5 ks/rebase-i-abbrev later to maint).
 
- * "git fetch" over a remote-helper that cannot respond to "list"
-   command could not fetch from a symbolic reference e.g. HEAD.
+ * "git fetch" over a remote-helper that cannot respond to the "list"
+   command could not fetch from a symbolic reference (e.g., HEAD).
    (merge 33cae54 mh/deref-symref-over-helper-transport later to maint).
 
  * "git push --signed" gave an incorrectly worded error message when
    the other side did not support the capability.
-   (merge 45917f0 jc/push-cert later to maint).
 
- * We didn't format an integer that wouldn't fit in "int" but in
-   "uintmax_t" correctly.
+ * The "git push --signed" protocol extension did not limit what the
+   "nonce" (a server-chosen string) could contain nor how long it
+   could be, which was unnecessarily lax. Limit both the length and
+   the alphabet to a reasonably small space that can still have enough
+   entropy.
+   (merge afcb6ee jc/push-cert later to maint).
+
+ * The completion script (in contrib/) clobbered the shell variable $x
+   in the global shell namespace.
+   (merge 852ff1c ma/bash-completion-leaking-x later to maint).
+
+ * We incorrectly formatted a "uintmax_t" integer that doesn't fit in
+   "int".
    (merge d306f3d jk/decimal-width-for-uintmax later to maint).
 
- * Reading configuration from a blob object, when it ends with a lone
-   CR, use to confuse the configuration parser.
+ * The configuration parser used to be confused when reading
+   configuration from a blob object that ends with a lone CR.
    (merge 1d0655c jk/config-no-ungetc-eof later to maint).
 
  * The pack bitmap support did not build with older versions of GCC.
@@ -203,15 +311,21 @@ notes for details).
    (merge 1f985d6 ch/new-gpg-drops-rfc-1991 later to maint).
 
  * The credential helper for Windows (in contrib/) used to mishandle
-   a user name with an at-sign in it.
+   user names that contain an at-sign.
    (merge 13d261e av/wincred-with-at-in-username-fix later to maint).
 
- * Longstanding configuration variable naming rules has been added to
-   the documentation.
+ * "diff-highlight" (in contrib/) used to show byte-by-byte
+   differences, which could cause multi-byte characters to be chopped
+   in the middle. It learned to pay attention to character boundaries
+   (assuming UTF-8).
+   (merge 8d00662 jk/colors later to maint).
+
+ * Document longstanding configuration variable naming rules in
+   CodingGuidelines.
    (merge 35840a3 jc/conf-var-doc later to maint).
 
  * An earlier workaround to squelch unhelpful deprecation warnings
-   from the complier on Mac OSX unnecessarily set minimum required
+   from the compiler on OS X unnecessarily set a minimum required
    version of the OS, which the user might want to raise (or lower)
    for other reasons.
    (merge 88c03eb es/squelch-openssl-warnings-on-macosx later to maint).
@@ -228,33 +342,36 @@ notes for details).
    "path/to/submodule".
    (merge 8196e72 ps/submodule-sanitize-path-upon-add later to maint).
 
- * "git merge-file" did not work correctly in a subdirectory.
+ * "git merge-file" did not work correctly when invoked in a
+   subdirectory.
    (merge 204a8ff ab/merge-file-prefix later to maint).
 
- * "git blame" died, trying to free an uninitialized piece of memory.
+ * "git blame" could die trying to free an uninitialized piece of
+   memory.
    (merge e600592 es/blame-commit-info-fix later to maint).
 
  * "git fast-import" used to crash when it could not close and
-   conclude the resulting packfile cleanly.
+   finalize the resulting packfile cleanly.
    (merge 5e915f3 jk/fast-import-die-nicely-fix later to maint).
 
- * "update-index --refresh" used to leak when an entry cannot be
-   refreshed for whatever reason.
+ * "update-index --refresh" used to leak memory when an entry could
+   not be refreshed for whatever reason.
    (merge bc1c2ca sb/plug-leak-in-make-cache-entry later to maint).
 
  * The "interpolated-path" option of "git daemon" inserted any string
-   client declared on the "host=" capability request without checking.
-   Sanitize and limit %H and %CH to a saner and a valid DNS name.
+   the client declared on the "host=" capability request without
+   checking. Sanitize and limit %H and %CH to a saner and a valid DNS
+   name.
    (merge b485373 jk/daemon-interpolate later to maint).
 
- * "git daemon" looked up the hostname even when "%CH" and "%IP"
-   interpolations are not requested, which was unnecessary.
+ * "git daemon" unnecessarily looked up the hostname even when "%CH"
+   and "%IP" interpolations were not requested.
    (merge dc8edc8 rs/daemon-interpolate later to maint).
 
- * Even though we officially haven't dropped Perl 5.8 support, the
-   Getopt::Long package that came with it does not support "--no-"
-   prefix to negate a boolean option; manually add support to help
-   people with older Getopt::Long package.
+ * We relied on "--no-" prefix handling in Perl's Getopt::Long
+   package, even though that support didn't exist in Perl 5.8 (which
+   we still support). Manually add support to help people with older
+   Getopt::Long packages.
    (merge f471494 km/send-email-getopt-long-workarounds later to maint).
 
  * "git apply" was not very careful about reading from, removing,
@@ -263,14 +380,14 @@ notes for details).
    replacement for GNU patch).
    (merge e0d201b jc/apply-beyond-symlink later to maint).
 
- * A breakage to git-svn around v2.2 era that triggers premature
-   closing of FileHandle has been corrected.
+ * Correct a breakage in git-svn, introduced around the v2.2 era, that
+   can cause FileHandles to be closed prematurely.
    (merge e426311 ew/svn-maint-fixes later to maint).
 
- * We did not parse username followed by literal IPv6 address in SSH
-   transport URLs, e.g. ssh://user@[2001:db8::1]:22/repo.git
-   correctly.
-   (merge 3f55cca tb/connect-ipv6-parse-fix later to maint).
+ * We did not parse usernames followed by literal IPv6 addresses
+   correctly in SSH transport URLs; e.g.,
+   ssh://user@[2001:db8::1]:22/repo.git.
+   (merge 6b6c5f7 tb/connect-ipv6-parse-fix later to maint).
 
  * The configuration variable 'mailinfo.scissors' was hard to
    discover in the documentation.
@@ -280,34 +397,94 @@ notes for details).
    submodule.*.update configuration was not clearly documented.
    (merge 5c31acf ms/submodule-update-config-doc later to maint).
 
- * "git diff --shortstat --dirstat=changes" showed a dirstat based on
-   lines that was never asked by the end user in addition to the
-   dirstat that the user asked for.
+ * "git diff --shortstat" used together with "--dirstat=changes" or
+   "--dirstat=files" incorrectly output dirstat information twice.
    (merge ab27389 mk/diff-shortstat-dirstat-fix later to maint).
 
- * "git remote add" mentioned "--tags" and "--no-tags" and was not
-   clear that fetch from the remote in the future will use the default
-   behaviour when neither is given to override it.
+ * The manpage for "git remote add" mentioned "--tags" and "--no-tags"
+   but did not explain what happens if neither option is provided.
    (merge aaba0ab mg/doc-remote-tags-or-not later to maint).
 
- * Description given by "grep -h" for its --exclude-standard option
-   was phrased poorly.
+ * The description of "--exclude-standard option" in the output of
+   "git grep -h" was phrased poorly.
    (merge 77fdb8a nd/grep-exclude-standard-help-fix later to maint).
 
- * "git rebase -i" recently started to include the number of
-   commits in the insn sheet to be processed, but on a platform
-   that prepends leading whitespaces to "wc -l" output, the numbers
-   are shown with extra whitespaces that aren't necessary.
+ * "git rebase -i" recently started to include the number of commits
+   in the todo list, but that output included extraneous whitespace on
+   a platform that prepends leading whitespaces to its "wc -l" output.
    (merge 2185d3b es/rebase-i-count-todo later to maint).
 
- * The borrowed code in kwset API did not follow our usual convention
-   to use "unsigned char" to store values that range from 0-255.
+ * The borrowed code in the kwset API did not follow our usual
+   convention to use "unsigned char" to store values that range from
+   0-255.
    (merge 189c860 bw/kwset-use-unsigned later to maint).
 
  * A corrupt input to "git diff -M" used to cause it to segfault.
    (merge 4d6be03 jk/diffcore-rename-duplicate later to maint).
 
- * Code cleanups and documentaiton updates.
+ * Certain builds of GPG triggered false breakages in a test.
+   (merge 3f88c1b mg/verify-commit later to maint).
+
+ * "git imap-send" learned to optionally talk with an IMAP server via
+   libcURL. Because there is no other option when Git is built with
+   the NO_OPENSSL option, use libcURL by default in that case.
+   (merge dcd01ea km/imap-send-libcurl-options later to maint).
+
+ * "git log --decorate" did not reset colors correctly around the
+   branch names.
+   (merge 5ee8758 jc/decorate-leaky-separator-color later to maint).
+
+ * The code that reads from the ctags file in the completion script
+   (in contrib/) did not spell ${param/pattern/string} substitution
+   correctly, which happened to work with bash but not with zsh.
+   (merge db8d750 js/completion-ctags-pattern-substitution-fix later to maint).
+
+ * The transfer.hiderefs support did not quite work for smart-http
+   transport.
+   (merge 8ddf3ca jk/smart-http-hide-refs later to maint).
+
+ * In the "git tag -h" output, move the documentation for the
+   "--column" and "--sort" options to the "Tag listing options"
+   section.
+   (merge dd059c6 jk/tag-h-column-is-a-listing-option later to maint).
+
+ * "git prune" used to largely ignore broken refs when deciding which
+   objects are still being used, which could cause reference
+   corruption to lead to object loss.
+   (merge ea56c4e jk/prune-with-corrupt-refs later to maint).
+
+ * The split-index mode introduced in v2.3.0-rc0~41 was broken in the
+   codepath to protect us against a broken reimplementation of Git
+   that writes an invalid index with duplicated index entries, etc.
+   (merge 03f15a7 tg/fix-check-order-with-split-index later to maint).
+
+ * "git fetch", when fetching a commit using the
+   allow-tip-sha1-in-want extension, could have failed to fetch all of
+   the requested refs.
+   (merge 32d0462 jk/fetch-pack later to maint).
+
+ * An failure early in the "git clone" that started creating the
+   working tree and repository could have resulted in the failure to
+   clean up some directories and files.
+   (merge 16eff6c jk/cleanup-failed-clone later to maint).
+
+ * Recommend format-patch and send-email for those who want to submit
+   patches to this project.
+   (merge b25c469 jc/submitting-patches-mention-send-email later to maint).
+
+ * Do not spawn the pager when "git grep" is run with "--quiet".
+   (merge c2048f0 ws/grep-quiet-no-pager later to maint).
+
+ * The prompt script (in contrib/) did not show the untracked sign
+   when working in a subdirectory without any untracked files.
+   (merge 9bdc517 ct/prompt-untracked-fix later to maint).
+
+ * An earlier update to the URL parser broke an address that contains
+   a colon but an empty string for the port number, like
+   ssh://example.com:/path/to/repo.
+   (merge 6b6c5f7 tb/connect-ipv6-parse-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Code cleanups and documentation updates.
    (merge 2ce63e9 rs/simple-cleanups later to maint).
    (merge 33baa69 rj/no-xopen-source-for-cygwin later to maint).
    (merge 817d03e jc/diff-test-updates later to maint).
@@ -317,3 +494,21 @@ notes for details).
    (merge 53e53c7 sg/completion-remote later to maint).
    (merge 8fa7975 ak/git-done-help-cleanup later to maint).
    (merge 9a6f128 rs/deflate-init-cleanup later to maint).
+   (merge 6f75d45 rs/use-isxdigit later to maint).
+   (merge 376e4b3 jk/test-annoyances later to maint).
+   (merge 7032054 nd/doc-git-index-version later to maint).
+   (merge e869c5e tg/test-index-v4 later to maint).
+   (merge 599d223 jk/simplify-csum-file-sha1fd-check later to maint).
+   (merge 260d585 sg/completion-gitcomp-nl-for-refs later to maint).
+   (merge 777c55a jc/report-path-error-to-dir later to maint).
+   (merge fddfaf8 ph/push-doc-cas later to maint).
+   (merge d50d31e ss/pull-rebase-preserve later to maint).
+   (merge c8c3f1d pt/enter-repo-comment-fix later to maint).
+   (merge d7bfb9e jz/gitweb-conf-doc-fix later to maint).
+   (merge f907282 jk/cherry-pick-docfix later to maint).
+   (merge d3c0811 iu/fix-parse-options-h-comment later to maint).
+   (merge 6c3b2af jg/cguide-we-cannot-count later to maint).
+   (merge 2b8bd44 jk/pack-corruption-post-mortem later to maint).
+   (merge 9585cb8 jn/doc-fast-import-no-16-octopus-limit later to maint).
+   (merge 5dcd1b1 ps/grep-help-all-callback-arg later to maint).
+   (merge f1f4c84 va/fix-git-p4-tests later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a65a6c5829
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+Git v2.4.1 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.4
+----------------
+
+ * The usual "git diff" when seeing a file turning into a directory
+   showed a patchset to remove the file and create all files in the
+   directory, but "git diff --no-index" simply refused to work.  Also,
+   when asked to compare a file and a directory, imitate POSIX "diff"
+   and compare the file with the file with the same name in the
+   directory, instead of refusing to run.
+
+ * The default $HOME/.gitconfig file created upon "git config --global"
+   that edits it had incorrectly spelled user.name and user.email
+   entries in it.
+
+ * "git commit --date=now" or anything that relies on approxidate lost
+   the daylight-saving-time offset.
+
+ * "git cat-file bl $blob" failed to barf even though there is no
+   object type that is "bl".
+
+ * Teach the codepaths that read .gitignore and .gitattributes files
+   that these files encoded in UTF-8 may have UTF-8 BOM marker at the
+   beginning; this makes it in line with what we do for configuration
+   files already.
+
+ * Access to objects in repositories that borrow from another one on a
+   slow NFS server unnecessarily got more expensive due to recent code
+   becoming more cautious in a naive way not to lose objects to pruning.
+
+ * We avoid setting core.worktree when the repository location is the
+   ".git" directory directly at the top level of the working tree, but
+   the code misdetected the case in which the working tree is at the
+   root level of the filesystem (which arguably is a silly thing to
+   do, but still valid).
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.10.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.10.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..702d8d4e22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.10.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Git v2.4.10 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.4.9
+------------------
+
+ * xdiff code we use to generate diffs is not prepared to handle
+   extremely large files.  It uses "int" in many places, which can
+   overflow if we have a very large number of lines or even bytes in
+   our input files, for example.  Cap the input size to somewhere
+   around 1GB for now.
+
+ * Some protocols (like git-remote-ext) can execute arbitrary code
+   found in the URL.  The URLs that submodules use may come from
+   arbitrary sources (e.g., .gitmodules files in a remote
+   repository), and can hurt those who blindly enable recursive
+   fetch.  Restrict the allowed protocols to well known and safe
+   ones.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.11.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.11.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..723360295c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.11.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Git v2.4.11 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.4.10
+-------------------
+
+ * Bugfix patches were backported from the 'master' front to plug heap
+   corruption holes, to catch integer overflow in the computation of
+   pathname lengths, and to get rid of the name_path API.  Both of
+   these would have resulted in writing over an under-allocated buffer
+   when formulating pathnames while tree traversal.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.12.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.12.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7d15f94725
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.12.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Git v2.4.12 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.4.11
+-------------------
+
+ * "git-shell" rejects a request to serve a repository whose name
+   begins with a dash, which makes it no longer possible to get it
+   confused into spawning service programs like "git-upload-pack" with
+   an option like "--help", which in turn would spawn an interactive
+   pager, instead of working with the repository user asked to access
+   (i.e. the one whose name is "--help").
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..250cdc423c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+Git v2.4.2 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.4.1
+------------------
+
+ * "git rev-list --objects $old --not --all" to see if everything that
+   is reachable from $old is already connected to the existing refs
+   was very inefficient.
+
+ * "hash-object --literally" introduced in v2.2 was not prepared to
+   take a really long object type name.
+
+ * "git rebase --quiet" was not quite quiet when there is nothing to
+   do.
+
+ * The completion for "log --decorate=" parameter value was incorrect.
+
+ * "filter-branch" corrupted commit log message that ends with an
+   incomplete line on platforms with some "sed" implementations that
+   munge such a line.  Work it around by avoiding to use "sed".
+
+ * "git daemon" fails to build from the source under NO_IPV6
+   configuration (regression in 2.4).
+
+ * "git stash pop/apply" forgot to make sure that not just the working
+   tree is clean but also the index is clean. The latter is important
+   as a stash application can conflict and the index will be used for
+   conflict resolution.
+
+ * We have prepended $GIT_EXEC_PATH and the path "git" is installed in
+   (typically "/usr/bin") to $PATH when invoking subprograms and hooks
+   for almost eternity, but the original use case the latter tried to
+   support was semi-bogus (i.e. install git to /opt/foo/git and run it
+   without having /opt/foo on $PATH), and more importantly it has
+   become less and less relevant as Git grew more mainstream (i.e. the
+   users would _want_ to have it on their $PATH).  Stop prepending the
+   path in which "git" is installed to users' $PATH, as that would
+   interfere the command search order people depend on (e.g. they may
+   not like versions of programs that are unrelated to Git in /usr/bin
+   and want to override them by having different ones in /usr/local/bin
+   and have the latter directory earlier in their $PATH).
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..914d2c1860
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+Git v2.4.3 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.4.3
+------------------
+
+ * Error messages from "git branch" called remote-tracking branches as
+   "remote branches".
+
+ * "git rerere forget" in a repository without rerere enabled gave a
+   cryptic error message; it should be a silent no-op instead.
+
+ * "git pull --log" and "git pull --no-log" worked as expected, but
+   "git pull --log=20" did not.
+
+ * The pull.ff configuration was supposed to override the merge.ff
+   configuration, but it didn't.
+
+ * The code to read pack-bitmap wanted to allocate a few hundred
+   pointers to a structure, but by mistake allocated and leaked memory
+   enough to hold that many actual structures.  Correct the allocation
+   size and also have it on stack, as it is small enough.
+
+ * Various documentation mark-up fixes to make the output more
+   consistent in general and also make AsciiDoctor (an alternative
+   formatter) happier.
+
+ * "git bundle verify" did not diagnose extra parameters on the
+   command line.
+
+ * Multi-ref transaction support we merged a few releases ago
+   unnecessarily kept many file descriptors open, risking to fail with
+   resource exhaustion.
+
+ * The ref API did not handle cases where 'refs/heads/xyzzy/frotz' is
+   removed at the same time as 'refs/heads/xyzzy' is added (or vice
+   versa) very well.
+
+ * The "log --decorate" enhancement in Git 2.4 that shows the commit
+   at the tip of the current branch e.g. "HEAD -> master", did not
+   work with --decorate=full.
+
+ * There was a commented-out (instead of being marked to expect
+   failure) test that documented a breakage that was fixed since the
+   test was written; turn it into a proper test.
+
+ * core.excludesfile (defaulting to $XDG_HOME/git/ignore) is supposed
+   to be overridden by repository-specific .git/info/exclude file, but
+   the order was swapped from the beginning. This belatedly fixes it.
+
+ * The connection initiation code for "ssh" transport tried to absorb
+   differences between the stock "ssh" and Putty-supplied "plink" and
+   its derivatives, but the logic to tell that we are using "plink"
+   variants were too loose and falsely triggered when "plink" appeared
+   anywhere in the path (e.g. "/home/me/bin/uplink/ssh").
+
+ * "git rebase -i" moved the "current" command from "todo" to "done" a
+   bit too prematurely, losing a step when a "pick" did not even start.
+
+ * "git add -e" did not allow the user to abort the operation by
+   killing the editor.
+
+ * Git 2.4 broke setting verbosity and progress levels on "git clone"
+   with native transports.
+
+ * Some time ago, "git blame" (incorrectly) lost the convert_to_git()
+   call when synthesizing a fake "tip" commit that represents the
+   state in the working tree, which broke folks who record the history
+   with LF line ending to make their project portabile across
+   platforms while terminating lines in their working tree files with
+   CRLF for their platform.
+
+ * Code clean-up for xdg configuration path support.
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f1ccd001be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+Git v2.4.4 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.4.3
+------------------
+
+ * l10n updates for German.
+
+ * An earlier leakfix to bitmap testing code was incomplete.
+
+ * "git clean pathspec..." tried to lstat(2) and complain even for
+   paths outside the given pathspec.
+
+ * Communication between the HTTP server and http_backend process can
+   lead to a dead-lock when relaying a large ref negotiation request.
+   Diagnose the situation better, and mitigate it by reading such a
+   request first into core (to a reasonable limit).
+
+ * The clean/smudge interface did not work well when filtering an
+   empty contents (failed and then passed the empty input through).
+   It can be argued that a filter that produces anything but empty for
+   an empty input is nonsense, but if the user wants to do strange
+   things, then why not?
+
+ * Make "git stash something --help" error out, so that users can
+   safely say "git stash drop --help".
+
+ * Clarify that "log --raw" and "log --format=raw" are unrelated
+   concepts.
+
+ * Catch a programmer mistake to feed a pointer not an array to
+   ARRAY_SIZE() macro, by using a couple of GCC extensions.
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..568297ccb7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Git v2.4.5 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.4.4
+------------------
+
+ * The setup code used to die when core.bare and core.worktree are set
+   inconsistently, even for commands that do not need working tree.
+
+ * There was a dead code that used to handle "git pull --tags" and
+   show special-cased error message, which was made irrelevant when
+   the semantics of the option changed back in Git 1.9 days.
+
+ * "color.diff.plain" was a misnomer; give it 'color.diff.context' as
+   a more logical synonym.
+
+ * The configuration reader/writer uses mmap(2) interface to access
+   the files; when we find a directory, it barfed with "Out of memory?".
+
+ * Recent "git prune" traverses young unreachable objects to safekeep
+   old objects in the reachability chain from them, which sometimes
+   showed unnecessary error messages that are alarming.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" fired post-rewrite hook when it shouldn't (namely,
+   when it was told to stop sequencing with 'exec' insn).
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b53f353939
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Git v2.4.6 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.4.5
+------------------
+
+ * "git fetch --depth=<depth>" and "git clone --depth=<depth>" issued
+   a shallow transfer request even to an upload-pack that does not
+   support the capability.
+
+ * "git fsck" used to ignore missing or invalid objects recorded in reflog.
+
+ * The tcsh completion writes a bash scriptlet but that would have
+   failed for users with noclobber set.
+
+ * Recent Mac OS X updates breaks the logic to detect that the machine
+   is on the AC power in the sample pre-auto-gc script.
+
+ * "git format-patch --ignore-if-upstream A..B" did not like to be fed
+   tags as boundary commits.
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.7.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.7.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b3ac412b82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.7.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+Git v2.4.7 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.4.6
+------------------
+
+ * A minor regression to "git fsck" in v2.2 era was fixed; it
+   complained about a body-less tag object when it lacked a
+   separator empty line after its header to separate it with a
+   non-existent body.
+
+ * We used to ask libCURL to use the most secure authentication method
+   available when talking to an HTTP proxy only when we were told to
+   talk to one via configuration variables.  We now ask libCURL to
+   always use the most secure authentication method, because the user
+   can tell libCURL to use an HTTP proxy via an environment variable
+   without using configuration variables.
+
+ * When you say "!<ENTER>" while running say "git log", you'd confuse
+   yourself in the resulting shell, that may look as if you took
+   control back to the original shell you spawned "git log" from but
+   that isn't what is happening.  To that new shell, we leaked
+   GIT_PAGER_IN_USE environment variable that was meant as a local
+   communication between the original "Git" and subprocesses that was
+   spawned by it after we launched the pager, which caused many
+   "interesting" things to happen, e.g. "git diff | cat" still paints
+   its output in color by default.
+
+   Stop leaking that environment variable to the pager's half of the
+   fork; we only need it on "Git" side when we spawn the pager.
+
+ * Avoid possible ssize_t to int truncation.
+
+ * "git config" failed to update the configuration file when the
+   underlying filesystem is incapable of renaming a file that is still
+   open.
+
+ * A minor bugfix when pack bitmap is used with "rev-list --count".
+
+ * An ancient test framework enhancement to allow color was not
+   entirely correct; this makes it work even when tput needs to read
+   from the ~/.terminfo under the user's real HOME directory.
+
+ * Fix a small bug in our use of umask() return value.
+
+ * "git rebase" did not exit with failure when format-patch it invoked
+   failed for whatever reason.
+
+ * Disable "have we lost a race with competing repack?" check while
+   receiving a huge object transfer that runs index-pack.
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.8.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.8.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ad946b2673
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.8.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+Git v2.4.8 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.4.7
+------------------
+
+ * Abandoning an already applied change in "git rebase -i" with
+   "--continue" left CHERRY_PICK_HEAD and confused later steps.
+
+ * Various fixes around "git am" that applies a patch to a history
+   that is not there yet.
+
+ * "git for-each-ref" reported "missing object" for 0{40} when it
+   encounters a broken ref.  The lack of object whose name is 0{40} is
+   not the problem; the ref being broken is.
+
+ * "git commit --cleanup=scissors" was not careful enough to protect
+   against getting fooled by a line that looked like scissors.
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.9.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.9.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..09af9ddbc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.9.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Git v2.4.9 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.4.9
+------------------
+
+ * A handful of codepaths that used to use fixed-sized arrays to hold
+   pathnames have been corrected to use strbuf and other mechanisms to
+   allow longer pathnames without fearing overflows.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..87044504c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,563 @@
+Git 2.5 Release Notes
+=====================
+
+Updates since v2.4
+------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * The bash completion script (in contrib/) learned a few options that
+   "git revert" takes.
+
+ * Whitespace breakages in deleted and context lines can also be
+   painted in the output of "git diff" and friends with the new
+   --ws-error-highlight option.
+
+ * List of commands shown by "git help" are grouped along the workflow
+   elements to help early learners.
+
+ * "git p4" now detects the filetype (e.g. binary) correctly even when
+   the files are opened exclusively.
+
+ * git p4 attempts to better handle branches in Perforce.
+
+ * "git p4" learned "--changes-block-size <n>" to read the changes in
+   chunks from Perforce, instead of making one call to "p4 changes"
+   that may trigger "too many rows scanned" error from Perforce.
+
+ * More workaround for Perforce's row number limit in "git p4".
+
+ * Unlike "$EDITOR" and "$GIT_EDITOR" that can hold the path to the
+   command and initial options (e.g. "/path/to/emacs -nw"), 'git p4'
+   did not let the shell interpolate the contents of the environment
+   variable that name the editor "$P4EDITOR" (and "$EDITOR", too).
+   This release makes it in line with the rest of Git, as well as with
+   Perforce.
+
+ * A new short-hand <branch>@{push} denotes the remote-tracking branch
+   that tracks the branch at the remote the <branch> would be pushed
+   to.
+
+ * "git show-branch --topics HEAD" (with no other arguments) did not
+   do anything interesting.  Instead, contrast the given revision
+   against all the local branches by default.
+
+ * A replacement for contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir that does not
+   rely on symbolic links and make sharing of objects and refs safer
+   by making the borrowee and borrowers aware of each other.
+
+   Consider this as still an experimental feature; its UI is still
+   likely to change.
+
+ * Tweak the sample "store" backend of the credential helper to honor
+   XDG configuration file locations when specified.
+
+ * A heuristic we use to catch mistyped paths on the command line
+   "git <cmd> <revs> <pathspec>" is to make sure that all the non-rev
+   parameters in the later part of the command line are names of the
+   files in the working tree, but that means "git grep $str -- \*.c"
+   must always be disambiguated with "--", because nobody sane will
+   create a file whose name literally is asterisk-dot-see.  Loosen the
+   heuristic to declare that with a wildcard string the user likely
+   meant to give us a pathspec.
+
+ * "git merge FETCH_HEAD" learned that the previous "git fetch" could
+   be to create an Octopus merge, i.e. recording multiple branches
+   that are not marked as "not-for-merge"; this allows us to lose an
+   old style invocation "git merge <msg> HEAD $commits..." in the
+   implementation of "git pull" script; the old style syntax can now
+   be deprecated (but not removed yet).
+
+ * Filter scripts were run with SIGPIPE disabled on the Git side,
+   expecting that they may not read what Git feeds them to filter.
+   We however treated a filter that does not read its input fully
+   before exiting as an error.  We no longer do and ignore EPIPE
+   when writing to feed the filter scripts.
+
+   This changes semantics, but arguably in a good way.  If a filter
+   can produce its output without fully consuming its input using
+   whatever magic, we now let it do so, instead of diagnosing it
+   as a programming error.
+
+ * Instead of dying immediately upon failing to obtain a lock, the
+   locking (of refs etc) retries after a short while with backoff.
+
+ * Introduce http.<url>.SSLCipherList configuration variable to tweak
+   the list of cipher suite to be used with libcURL when talking with
+   https:// sites.
+
+ * "git subtree" script (in contrib/) used "echo -n" to produce
+   progress messages in a non-portable way.
+
+ * "git subtree" script (in contrib/) does not have --squash option
+   when pushing, but the documentation and help text pretended as if
+   it did.
+
+ * The Git subcommand completion (in contrib/) no longer lists credential
+   helpers among candidates; they are not something the end user would
+   invoke interactively.
+
+ * The index file can be taught with "update-index --untracked-cache"
+   to optionally remember already seen untracked files, in order to
+   speed up "git status" in a working tree with tons of cruft.
+
+ * "git mergetool" learned to drive WinMerge as a backend.
+
+ * "git upload-pack" that serves "git fetch" can be told to serve
+   commits that are not at the tip of any ref, as long as they are
+   reachable from a ref, with uploadpack.allowReachableSHA1InWant
+   configuration variable.
+
+ * "git cat-file --batch(-check)" learned the "--follow-symlinks"
+   option that follows an in-tree symbolic link when asked about an
+   object via extended SHA-1 syntax, e.g. HEAD:RelNotes that points at
+   Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.0.txt.  With the new option, the command
+   behaves as if HEAD:Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.0.txt was given as
+   input instead.
+
+   Consider this as still an experimental and incomplete feature:
+
+    - We may want to do the same for in-index objects, e.g.
+      asking for :RelNotes with this option should give
+      :Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.0.txt, too
+
+    - "git cat-file --follow-symlinks blob HEAD:RelNotes"
+      may also be something we want to allow in the future.
+
+ * "git send-email" learned the alias file format used by the sendmail
+   program (in a simplified form; we obviously do not feed pipes).
+
+ * Traditionally, external low-level 3-way merge drivers are expected
+   to produce their results based solely on the contents of the three
+   variants given in temporary files named by %O, %A and %B on their
+   command line.  Additionally allow them to look at the final path
+   (given by %P).
+
+ * "git blame" learned blame.showEmail configuration variable.
+
+ * "git apply" cannot diagnose a patch corruption when the breakage is
+   to mark the length of the hunk shorter than it really is on the
+   hunk header line "@@ -l,k +m,n @@"; one special case it could is
+   when the hunk becomes no-op (e.g. k == n == 2 for two-line context
+   patch output), and it learned to do so in this special case.
+
+ * Add the "--allow-unknown-type" option to "cat-file" to allow
+   inspecting loose objects of an experimental or a broken type.
+
+ * Many long-running operations show progress eye-candy, even when
+   they are later backgrounded.  Hide the eye-candy when the process
+   is sent to the background instead.
+   (merge a4fb76c lm/squelch-bg-progress later to maint).
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
+
+ * "unsigned char [20]" used throughout the code to represent object
+   names are being converted into a semi-opaque "struct object_id".
+   This effort is expected to interfere with other topics in flight,
+   but hopefully will give us one extra level of abstraction in the
+   end, when completed.
+
+ * for_each_ref() callback functions were taught to name the objects
+   not with "unsigned char sha1[20]" but with "struct object_id".
+
+ * Catch a programmer mistake to feed a pointer not an array to
+   ARRAY_SIZE() macro, by using a couple of GCC extensions.
+
+ * Some error messages in "git config" were emitted without calling
+   the usual error() facility.
+
+ * When "add--interactive" splits a hunk into two overlapping hunks
+   and then let the user choose only one, it sometimes feeds an
+   incorrect patch text to "git apply".  Add tests to demonstrate
+   this.
+
+   I have a slight suspicion that this may be $gmane/87202 coming back
+   and biting us (I seem to have said "let's run with this and see
+   what happens" back then).
+
+ * More line-ending tests.
+
+ * An earlier rewrite to use strbuf_getwholeline() instead of fgets(3)
+   to read packed-refs file revealed that the former is unacceptably
+   inefficient.  It has been optimized by using getdelim(3) when
+   available.
+
+ * The refs API uses ref_lock struct which had its own "int fd", even
+   though the same file descriptor was in the lock struct it contains.
+   Clean-up the code to lose this redundant field.
+
+ * There was a dead code that used to handle "git pull --tags" and
+   show special-cased error message, which was made irrelevant when
+   the semantics of the option changed back in Git 1.9 days.
+   (merge 19d122b pt/pull-tags-error-diag later to maint).
+
+ * Help us to find broken test script that splits the body part of the
+   test by mistaken use of wrong kind of quotes.
+   (merge d93d5d5 jc/test-prereq-validate later to maint).
+
+ * Developer support to automatically detect broken &&-chain in the
+   test scripts is now turned on by default.
+   (merge 92b269f jk/test-chain-lint later to maint).
+
+ * Error reporting mechanism used in "refs" API has been made more
+   consistent.
+
+ * "git pull" has more test coverage now.
+
+ * "git pull" has become more aware of the options meant for
+   underlying "git fetch" and then learned to use parse-options
+   parser.
+
+ * Clarify in the Makefile a guideline to decide use of USE_NSEC.
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v2.4
+----------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.4 in the maintenance
+track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
+notes for details).
+
+ * Git 2.4 broke setting verbosity and progress levels on "git clone"
+   with native transports.
+   (merge 822f0c4 mh/clone-verbosity-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git add -e" did not allow the user to abort the operation by
+   killing the editor.
+   (merge cb64800 jk/add-e-kill-editor later to maint).
+
+ * Memory usage of "git index-pack" has been trimmed by tens of
+   per-cent.
+   (merge f0e7f11 nd/slim-index-pack-memory-usage later to maint).
+
+ * "git rev-list --objects $old --not --all" to see if everything that
+   is reachable from $old is already connected to the existing refs
+   was very inefficient.
+   (merge b6e8a3b jk/still-interesting later to maint).
+
+ * "hash-object --literally" introduced in v2.2 was not prepared to
+   take a really long object type name.
+   (merge 1427a7f jc/hash-object later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase --quiet" was not quite quiet when there is nothing to
+   do.
+   (merge 22946a9 jk/rebase-quiet-noop later to maint).
+
+ * The completion for "log --decorate=" parameter value was incorrect.
+   (merge af16bda sg/complete-decorate-full-not-long later to maint).
+
+ * "filter-branch" corrupted commit log message that ends with an
+   incomplete line on platforms with some "sed" implementations that
+   munge such a line.  Work it around by avoiding to use "sed".
+   (merge df06201 jk/filter-branch-use-of-sed-on-incomplete-line later to maint).
+
+ * "git daemon" fails to build from the source under NO_IPV6
+   configuration (regression in 2.4).
+   (merge d358f77 jc/daemon-no-ipv6-for-2.4.1 later to maint).
+
+ * Some time ago, "git blame" (incorrectly) lost the convert_to_git()
+   call when synthesizing a fake "tip" commit that represents the
+   state in the working tree, which broke folks who record the history
+   with LF line ending to make their project portable across platforms
+   while terminating lines in their working tree files with CRLF for
+   their platform.
+   (merge 4bf256d tb/blame-resurrect-convert-to-git later to maint).
+
+ * We avoid setting core.worktree when the repository location is the
+   ".git" directory directly at the top level of the working tree, but
+   the code misdetected the case in which the working tree is at the
+   root level of the filesystem (which arguably is a silly thing to
+   do, but still valid).
+   (merge 84ccad8 jk/init-core-worktree-at-root later to maint).
+
+ * "git commit --date=now" or anything that relies on approxidate lost
+   the daylight-saving-time offset.
+   (merge f6e6362 jc/epochtime-wo-tz later to maint).
+
+ * Access to objects in repositories that borrow from another one on a
+   slow NFS server unnecessarily got more expensive due to recent code
+   becoming more cautious in a naive way not to lose objects to pruning.
+   (merge ee1c6c3 jk/prune-mtime later to maint).
+
+ * The codepaths that read .gitignore and .gitattributes files have been
+   taught that these files encoded in UTF-8 may have UTF-8 BOM marker at
+   the beginning; this makes it in line with what we do for configuration
+   files already.
+   (merge 27547e5 cn/bom-in-gitignore later to maint).
+
+ * a few helper scripts in the test suite did not report errors
+   correctly.
+   (merge de248e9 ep/fix-test-lib-functions-report later to maint).
+
+ * The default $HOME/.gitconfig file created upon "git config --global"
+   that edits it had incorrectly spelled user.name and user.email
+   entries in it.
+   (merge 7e11052 oh/fix-config-default-user-name-section later to maint).
+
+ * "git cat-file bl $blob" failed to barf even though there is no
+   object type that is "bl".
+   (merge b7994af jk/type-from-string-gently later to maint).
+
+ * The usual "git diff" when seeing a file turning into a directory
+   showed a patchset to remove the file and create all files in the
+   directory, but "git diff --no-index" simply refused to work.  Also,
+   when asked to compare a file and a directory, imitate POSIX "diff"
+   and compare the file with the file with the same name in the
+   directory, instead of refusing to run.
+   (merge 0615173 jc/diff-no-index-d-f later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase -i" moved the "current" command from "todo" to "done" a
+   bit too prematurely, losing a step when a "pick" did not even start.
+   (merge 8cbc57c ph/rebase-i-redo later to maint).
+
+ * The connection initiation code for "ssh" transport tried to absorb
+   differences between the stock "ssh" and Putty-supplied "plink" and
+   its derivatives, but the logic to tell that we are using "plink"
+   variants were too loose and falsely triggered when "plink" appeared
+   anywhere in the path (e.g. "/home/me/bin/uplink/ssh").
+   (merge baaf233 bc/connect-plink later to maint).
+
+ * We have prepended $GIT_EXEC_PATH and the path "git" is installed in
+   (typically "/usr/bin") to $PATH when invoking subprograms and hooks
+   for almost eternity, but the original use case the latter tried to
+   support was semi-bogus (i.e. install git to /opt/foo/git and run it
+   without having /opt/foo on $PATH), and more importantly it has
+   become less and less relevant as Git grew more mainstream (i.e. the
+   users would _want_ to have it on their $PATH).  Stop prepending the
+   path in which "git" is installed to users' $PATH, as that would
+   interfere the command search order people depend on (e.g. they may
+   not like versions of programs that are unrelated to Git in /usr/bin
+   and want to override them by having different ones in /usr/local/bin
+   and have the latter directory earlier in their $PATH).
+   (merge a0b4507 jk/git-no-more-argv0-path-munging later to maint).
+
+ * core.excludesfile (defaulting to $XDG_HOME/git/ignore) is supposed
+   to be overridden by repository-specific .git/info/exclude file, but
+   the order was swapped from the beginning. This belatedly fixes it.
+   (merge 099d2d8 jc/gitignore-precedence later to maint).
+
+ * There was a commented-out (instead of being marked to expect
+   failure) test that documented a breakage that was fixed since the
+   test was written; turn it into a proper test.
+   (merge 66d2e04 sb/t1020-cleanup later to maint).
+
+ * The "log --decorate" enhancement in Git 2.4 that shows the commit
+   at the tip of the current branch e.g. "HEAD -> master", did not
+   work with --decorate=full.
+   (merge 429ad20 mg/log-decorate-HEAD later to maint).
+
+ * The ref API did not handle cases where 'refs/heads/xyzzy/frotz' is
+   removed at the same time as 'refs/heads/xyzzy' is added (or vice
+   versa) very well.
+   (merge c628edf mh/ref-directory-file later to maint).
+
+ * Multi-ref transaction support we merged a few releases ago
+   unnecessarily kept many file descriptors open, risking to fail with
+   resource exhaustion.  This is for 2.4.x track.
+   (merge 185ce3a mh/write-refs-sooner-2.4 later to maint).
+
+ * "git bundle verify" did not diagnose extra parameters on the
+   command line.
+   (merge 7886cfa ps/bundle-verify-arg later to maint).
+
+ * Various documentation mark-up fixes to make the output more
+   consistent in general and also make AsciiDoctor (an alternative
+   formatter) happier.
+   (merge d0258b9 jk/asciidoc-markup-fix later to maint).
+   (merge ad3967a jk/stripspace-asciidoctor-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 975e382 ja/tutorial-asciidoctor-fix later to maint).
+
+ * The code to read pack-bitmap wanted to allocate a few hundred
+   pointers to a structure, but by mistake allocated and leaked memory
+   enough to hold that many actual structures.  Correct the allocation
+   size and also have it on stack, as it is small enough.
+   (merge 599dc76 rs/plug-leak-in-pack-bitmaps later to maint).
+
+ * The pull.ff configuration was supposed to override the merge.ff
+   configuration, but it didn't.
+   (merge db9bb28 pt/pull-ff-vs-merge-ff later to maint).
+
+ * "git pull --log" and "git pull --no-log" worked as expected, but
+   "git pull --log=20" did not.
+   (merge 5061a44 pt/pull-log-n later to maint).
+
+ * "git rerere forget" in a repository without rerere enabled gave a
+   cryptic error message; it should be a silent no-op instead.
+   (merge 0544574 jk/rerere-forget-check-enabled later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase -i" fired post-rewrite hook when it shouldn't (namely,
+   when it was told to stop sequencing with 'exec' insn).
+   (merge 141ff8f mm/rebase-i-post-rewrite-exec later to maint).
+
+ * Clarify that "log --raw" and "log --format=raw" are unrelated
+   concepts.
+   (merge 92de921 mm/log-format-raw-doc later to maint).
+
+ * Make "git stash something --help" error out, so that users can
+   safely say "git stash drop --help".
+   (merge 5ba2831 jk/stash-options later to maint).
+
+ * The clean/smudge interface did not work well when filtering an
+   empty contents (failed and then passed the empty input through).
+   It can be argued that a filter that produces anything but empty for
+   an empty input is nonsense, but if the user wants to do strange
+   things, then why not?
+   (merge f6a1e1e jh/filter-empty-contents later to maint).
+
+ * Communication between the HTTP server and http_backend process can
+   lead to a dead-lock when relaying a large ref negotiation request.
+   Diagnose the situation better, and mitigate it by reading such a
+   request first into core (to a reasonable limit).
+   (merge 636614f jk/http-backend-deadlock later to maint).
+
+ * "git clean pathspec..." tried to lstat(2) and complain even for
+   paths outside the given pathspec.
+   (merge 838d6a9 dt/clean-pathspec-filter-then-lstat later to maint).
+
+ * Recent "git prune" traverses young unreachable objects to safekeep
+   old objects in the reachability chain from them, which sometimes
+   caused error messages that are unnecessarily alarming.
+   (merge ce4e7b2 jk/squelch-missing-link-warning-for-unreachable later to maint).
+
+ * The configuration reader/writer uses mmap(2) interface to access
+   the files; when we find a directory, it barfed with "Out of memory?".
+   (merge 9ca0aaf jk/diagnose-config-mmap-failure later to maint).
+
+ * "color.diff.plain" was a misnomer; give it 'color.diff.context' as
+   a more logical synonym.
+   (merge 8dbf3eb jk/color-diff-plain-is-context later to maint).
+
+ * The setup code used to die when core.bare and core.worktree are set
+   inconsistently, even for commands that do not need working tree.
+   (merge fada767 jk/die-on-bogus-worktree-late later to maint).
+
+ * Recent Mac OS X updates breaks the logic to detect that the machine
+   is on the AC power in the sample pre-auto-gc script.
+   (merge c54c7b3 pa/auto-gc-mac-osx later to maint).
+
+ * "git commit --cleanup=scissors" was not careful enough to protect
+   against getting fooled by a line that looked like scissors.
+   (merge fbfa097 sg/commit-cleanup-scissors later to maint).
+
+ * "Have we lost a race with competing repack?" check was too
+   expensive, especially while receiving a huge object transfer
+   that runs index-pack (e.g. "clone" or "fetch").
+   (merge 0eeb077 jk/index-pack-reduce-recheck later to maint).
+
+ * The tcsh completion writes a bash scriptlet but that would have
+   failed for users with noclobber set.
+   (merge 0b1f688 af/tcsh-completion-noclobber later to maint).
+
+ * "git for-each-ref" reported "missing object" for 0{40} when it
+   encounters a broken ref.  The lack of object whose name is 0{40} is
+   not the problem; the ref being broken is.
+   (merge 501cf47 mh/reporting-broken-refs-from-for-each-ref later to maint).
+
+ * Various fixes around "git am" that applies a patch to a history
+   that is not there yet.
+   (merge 6ea3b67 pt/am-abort-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git fsck" used to ignore missing or invalid objects recorded in reflog.
+   (merge 19bf6c9 mh/fsck-reflog-entries later to maint).
+
+ * "git format-patch --ignore-if-upstream A..B" did not like to be fed
+   tags as boundary commits.
+   (merge 9b7a61d jc/do-not-feed-tags-to-clear-commit-marks later to maint).
+
+ * "git fetch --depth=<depth>" and "git clone --depth=<depth>" issued
+   a shallow transfer request even to an upload-pack that does not
+   support the capability.
+   (merge eb86a50 me/fetch-into-shallow-safety later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase" did not exit with failure when format-patch it invoked
+   failed for whatever reason.
+   (merge 60d708b cb/rebase-am-exit-code later to maint).
+
+ * Fix a small bug in our use of umask() return value.
+   (merge 3096b2e jk/fix-refresh-utime later to maint).
+
+ * An ancient test framework enhancement to allow color was not
+   entirely correct; this makes it work even when tput needs to read
+   from the ~/.terminfo under the user's real HOME directory.
+   (merge d5c1b7c rh/test-color-avoid-terminfo-in-original-home later to maint).
+
+ * A minor bugfix when pack bitmap is used with "rev-list --count".
+   (merge c8a70d3 jk/rev-list-no-bitmap-while-pruning later to maint).
+
+ * "git config" failed to update the configuration file when the
+   underlying filesystem is incapable of renaming a file that is still
+   open.
+   (merge 7a64592 kb/config-unmap-before-renaming later to maint).
+
+ * Avoid possible ssize_t to int truncation.
+   (merge 6c8afe4 mh/strbuf-read-file-returns-ssize-t later to maint).
+
+ * When you say "!<ENTER>" while running say "git log", you'd confuse
+   yourself in the resulting shell, that may look as if you took
+   control back to the original shell you spawned "git log" from but
+   that isn't what is happening.  To that new shell, we leaked
+   GIT_PAGER_IN_USE environment variable that was meant as a local
+   communication between the original "Git" and subprocesses that was
+   spawned by it after we launched the pager, which caused many
+   "interesting" things to happen, e.g. "git diff | cat" still paints
+   its output in color by default.
+
+   Stop leaking that environment variable to the pager's half of the
+   fork; we only need it on "Git" side when we spawn the pager.
+   (merge 124b519 jc/unexport-git-pager-in-use-in-pager later to maint).
+
+ * Abandoning an already applied change in "git rebase -i" with
+   "--continue" left CHERRY_PICK_HEAD and confused later steps.
+   (merge 0e0aff4 js/rebase-i-clean-up-upon-continue-to-skip later to maint).
+
+ * We used to ask libCURL to use the most secure authentication method
+   available when talking to an HTTP proxy only when we were told to
+   talk to one via configuration variables.  We now ask libCURL to
+   always use the most secure authentication method, because the user
+   can tell libCURL to use an HTTP proxy via an environment variable
+   without using configuration variables.
+   (merge 5841520 et/http-proxyauth later to maint).
+
+ * A fix to a minor regression to "git fsck" in v2.2 era that started
+   complaining about a body-less tag object when it lacks a separator
+   empty line after its header to separate it with a non-existent body.
+   (merge 84d18c0 jc/fsck-retire-require-eoh later to maint).
+
+ * Code cleanups and documentation updates.
+   (merge 0269f96 mm/usage-log-l-can-take-regex later to maint).
+   (merge 64f2589 nd/t1509-chroot-test later to maint).
+   (merge d201a1e sb/test-bitmap-free-at-end later to maint).
+   (merge 05bfc7d sb/line-log-plug-pairdiff-leak later to maint).
+   (merge 846e5df pt/xdg-config-path later to maint).
+   (merge 1154aa4 jc/plug-fmt-merge-msg-leak later to maint).
+   (merge 319b678 jk/sha1-file-reduce-useless-warnings later to maint).
+   (merge 9a35c14 fg/document-commit-message-stripping later to maint).
+   (merge bbf431c ps/doc-packfile-vs-pack-file later to maint).
+   (merge 309a9e3 jk/skip-http-tests-under-no-curl later to maint).
+   (merge ccd593c dl/branch-error-message later to maint).
+   (merge 22570b6 rs/janitorial later to maint).
+   (merge 5c2a581 mc/commit-doc-grammofix later to maint).
+   (merge ce41720 ah/usage-strings later to maint).
+   (merge e6a268c sb/glossary-submodule later to maint).
+   (merge ec48a76 sb/submodule-doc-intro later to maint).
+   (merge 14f8b9b jk/clone-dissociate later to maint).
+   (merge 055c7e9 sb/pack-protocol-mention-smart-http later to maint).
+   (merge 7c37a5d jk/make-fix-dependencies later to maint).
+   (merge fc0aa39 sg/merge-summary-config later to maint).
+   (merge 329af6c pt/t0302-needs-sanity later to maint).
+   (merge d614f07 fk/doc-format-patch-vn later to maint).
+   (merge 72dbb36 sg/completion-commit-cleanup later to maint).
+   (merge e654eb2 es/utf8-stupid-compiler-workaround later to maint).
+   (merge 34b935c es/osx-header-pollutes-mask-macro later to maint).
+   (merge ab7fade jc/prompt-document-ps1-state-separator later to maint).
+   (merge 25f600e mm/describe-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 83fe167 mm/branch-doc-updates later to maint).
+   (merge 75d2e5a ls/hint-rev-list-count later to maint).
+   (merge edc8f71 cb/subtree-tests-update later to maint).
+   (merge 5330e6e sb/p5310-and-chain later to maint).
+   (merge c4ac525 tb/checkout-doc later to maint).
+   (merge e479c5f jk/pretty-encoding-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 7e837c6 ss/clone-guess-dir-name-simplify later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b70553308a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+Git v2.5.1 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.5
+----------------
+
+ * Running an aliased command from a subdirectory when the .git thing
+   in the working tree is a gitfile pointing elsewhere did not work.
+
+ * Often a fast-import stream builds a new commit on top of the
+   previous commit it built, and it often unconditionally emits a
+   "from" command to specify the first parent, which can be omitted in
+   such a case.  This caused fast-import to forget the tree of the
+   previous commit and then re-read it from scratch, which was
+   inefficient.  Optimize for this common case.
+
+ * The "rev-parse --parseopt" mode parsed the option specification
+   and the argument hint in a strange way to allow '=' and other
+   special characters in the option name while forbidding them from
+   the argument hint.  This made it impossible to define an option
+   like "--pair <key>=<value>" with "pair=key=value" specification,
+   which instead would have defined a "--pair=key <value>" option.
+
+ * A "rebase" replays changes of the local branch on top of something
+   else, as such they are placed in stage #3 and referred to as
+   "theirs", while the changes in the new base, typically a foreign
+   work, are placed in stage #2 and referred to as "ours".  Clarify
+   the "checkout --ours/--theirs".
+
+ * An experimental "untracked cache" feature used uname(2) in a
+   slightly unportable way.
+
+ * "sparse checkout" misbehaved for a path that is excluded from the
+   checkout when switching between branches that differ at the path.
+
+ * The low-level "git send-pack" did not honor 'user.signingkey'
+   configuration variable when sending a signed-push.
+
+ * An attempt to delete a ref by pushing into a repository whose HEAD
+   symbolic reference points at an unborn branch that cannot be
+   created due to ref D/F conflict (e.g. refs/heads/a/b exists, HEAD
+   points at refs/heads/a) failed.
+
+ * "git subtree" (in contrib/) depended on "git log" output to be
+   stable, which was a no-no.  Apply a workaround to force a
+   particular date format.
+
+ * "git clone $URL" in recent releases of Git contains a regression in
+   the code that invents a new repository name incorrectly based on
+   the $URL.  This has been corrected.
+   (merge db2e220 jk/guess-repo-name-regression-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Running tests with the "-x" option to make them verbose had some
+   unpleasant interactions with other features of the test suite.
+   (merge 9b5fe78 jk/test-with-x later to maint).
+
+ * "git pull" in recent releases of Git has a regression in the code
+   that allows custom path to the --upload-pack=<program>.  This has
+   been corrected.
+
+ * pipe() emulation used in Git for Windows looked at a wrong variable
+   when checking for an error from an _open_osfhandle() call.
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3f749398bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+Git v2.5.2 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.5.1
+------------------
+
+ * "git init empty && git -C empty log" said "bad default revision 'HEAD'",
+   which was found to be a bit confusing to new users.
+
+ * The "interpret-trailers" helper mistook a multi-paragraph title of
+   a commit log message with a colon in it as the end of the trailer
+   block.
+
+ * When re-priming the cache-tree opportunistically while committing
+   the in-core index as-is, we mistakenly invalidated the in-core
+   index too aggressively, causing the experimental split-index code
+   to unnecessarily rewrite the on-disk index file(s).
+
+ * "git archive" did not use zip64 extension when creating an archive
+   with more than 64k entries, which nobody should need, right ;-)?
+
+ * The code in "multiple-worktree" support that attempted to recover
+   from an inconsistent state updated an incorrect file.
+
+ * "git rev-list" does not take "--notes" option, but did not complain
+   when one is given.
+
+ * Because the configuration system does not allow "alias.0foo" and
+   "pager.0foo" as the configuration key, the user cannot use '0foo'
+   as a custom command name anyway, but "git 0foo" tried to look these
+   keys up and emitted useless warnings before saying '0foo is not a
+   git command'.  These warning messages have been squelched.
+
+ * We recently rewrote one of the build scripts in Perl, which made it
+   necessary to have Perl to build Git.  Reduced Perl dependency by
+   rewriting it again using sed.
+
+ * t1509 test that requires a dedicated VM environment had some
+   bitrot, which has been corrected.
+
+ * strbuf_read() used to have one extra iteration (and an unnecessary
+   strbuf_grow() of 8kB), which was eliminated.
+
+ * The codepath to produce error messages had a hard-coded limit to
+   the size of the message, primarily to avoid memory allocation while
+   calling die().
+
+ * When trying to see that an object does not exist, a state errno
+   leaked from our "first try to open a packfile with O_NOATIME and
+   then if it fails retry without it" logic on a system that refuses
+   O_NOATIME.  This confused us and caused us to die, saying that the
+   packfile is unreadable, when we should have just reported that the
+   object does not exist in that packfile to the caller.
+
+ * An off-by-one error made "git remote" to mishandle a remote with a
+   single letter nickname.
+
+ * A handful of codepaths that used to use fixed-sized arrays to hold
+   pathnames have been corrected to use strbuf and other mechanisms to
+   allow longer pathnames without fearing overflows.
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d1436857cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+Git v2.5.3 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.5.2
+------------------
+
+ * The experimental untracked-cache feature were buggy when paths with
+   a few levels of subdirectories are involved.
+
+ * Recent versions of scripted "git am" has a performance regression
+   in "git am --skip" codepath, which no longer exists in the
+   built-in version on the 'master' front.  Fix the regression in
+   the last scripted version that appear in 2.5.x maintenance track
+   and older.
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b8a2f93ee7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Git v2.5.4 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.5.4
+------------------
+
+ * xdiff code we use to generate diffs is not prepared to handle
+   extremely large files.  It uses "int" in many places, which can
+   overflow if we have a very large number of lines or even bytes in
+   our input files, for example.  Cap the input size to somewhere
+   around 1GB for now.
+
+ * Some protocols (like git-remote-ext) can execute arbitrary code
+   found in the URL.  The URLs that submodules use may come from
+   arbitrary sources (e.g., .gitmodules files in a remote
+   repository), and can hurt those who blindly enable recursive
+   fetch.  Restrict the allowed protocols to well known and safe
+   ones.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..37eae9a2d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Git v2.5.5 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.5.4
+------------------
+
+ * Bugfix patches were backported from the 'master' front to plug heap
+   corruption holes, to catch integer overflow in the computation of
+   pathname lengths, and to get rid of the name_path API.  Both of
+   these would have resulted in writing over an under-allocated buffer
+   when formulating pathnames while tree traversal.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9cd025bb1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Git v2.5.6 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.5.5
+------------------
+
+ * "git-shell" rejects a request to serve a repository whose name
+   begins with a dash, which makes it no longer possible to get it
+   confused into spawning service programs like "git-upload-pack" with
+   an option like "--help", which in turn would spawn an interactive
+   pager, instead of working with the repository user asked to access
+   (i.e. the one whose name is "--help").
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7288aaf716
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,370 @@
+Git 2.6 Release Notes
+=====================
+
+Updates since v2.5
+------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * An asterisk as a substring (as opposed to the entirety) of a path
+   component for both side of a refspec, e.g.
+   "refs/heads/o*:refs/remotes/heads/i*", is now allowed.
+
+ * New userdiff pattern definition for fountain screenwriting markup
+   format has been added.
+
+ * "git log" and friends learned a new "--date=format:..." option to
+   format timestamps using system's strftime(3).
+
+ * "git fast-import" learned to respond to the get-mark command via
+   its cat-blob-fd interface.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" learned "drop commit-object-name subject" command
+   as another way to skip replaying of a commit.
+
+ * A new configuration variable can enable "--follow" automatically
+   when "git log" is run with one pathspec argument.
+
+ * "git status" learned to show a more detailed information regarding
+   the "rebase -i" session in progress.
+
+ * "git cat-file" learned "--batch-all-objects" option to enumerate all
+   available objects in the repository more quickly than "rev-list
+   --all --objects" (the output includes unreachable objects, though).
+
+ * "git fsck" learned to ignore errors on a set of known-to-be-bad
+   objects, and also allows the warning levels of various kinds of
+   non-critical breakages to be tweaked.
+
+ * "git rebase -i"'s list of todo is made configurable.
+
+ * "git send-email" now performs alias-expansion on names that are
+   given via --cccmd, etc.
+
+ * An environment variable GIT_REPLACE_REF_BASE tells Git to look into
+   refs hierarchy other than refs/replace/ for the object replacement
+   data.
+
+ * Allow untracked cache (experimental) to be used when sparse
+   checkout (experimental) is also in use.
+
+ * "git pull --rebase" has been taught to pay attention to
+   rebase.autostash configuration.
+
+ * The command-line completion script (in contrib/) has been updated.
+
+ * A negative !ref entry in multi-value transfer.hideRefs
+   configuration can be used to say "don't hide this one".
+
+ * After "git am" without "-3" stops, running "git am -3" pays attention
+   to "-3" only for the patch that caused the original invocation
+   to stop.
+
+ * When linked worktree is used, simultaneous "notes merge" instances
+   for the same ref in refs/notes/* are prevented from stomping on
+   each other.
+
+ * "git send-email" learned a new option --smtp-auth to limit the SMTP
+   AUTH mechanisms to be used to a subset of what the system library
+   supports.
+
+ * A new configuration variable http.sslVersion can be used to specify
+   what specific version of SSL/TLS to use to make a connection.
+
+ * "git notes merge" can be told with "--strategy=<how>" option how to
+   automatically handle conflicts; this can now be configured by
+   setting notes.mergeStrategy configuration variable.
+
+ * "git log --cc" did not show any patch, even though most of the time
+   the user meant "git log --cc -p -m" to see patch output for commits
+   with a single parent, and combined diff for merge commits.  The
+   command is taught to DWIM "--cc" (without "--raw" and other forms
+   of output specification) to "--cc -p -m".
+
+ * "git config --list" output was hard to parse when values consist of
+   multiple lines.  "--name-only" option is added to help this.
+
+ * A handful of usability & cosmetic fixes to gitk and l10n updates.
+
+ * A completely empty e-mail address <> is now allowed in the authors
+   file used by git-svn, to match the way it accepts the output from
+   authors-prog.
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
+
+ * In preparation for allowing different "backends" to store the refs
+   in a way different from the traditional "one ref per file in
+   $GIT_DIR or in a $GIT_DIR/packed-refs file" filesystem storage,
+   direct filesystem access to ref-like things like CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
+   from scripts and programs has been reduced.
+
+ * Computation of untracked status indicator by bash prompt
+   script (in contrib/) has been optimized.
+
+ * Memory use reduction when commit-slab facility is used to annotate
+   sparsely (which is not recommended in the first place).
+
+ * Clean up refs API and make "git clone" less intimate with the
+   implementation detail.
+
+ * "git pull" was reimplemented in C.
+
+ * The packet tracing machinery allows to capture an incoming pack
+   data to a file for debugging.
+
+ * Move machinery to parse human-readable scaled numbers like 1k, 4M,
+   and 2G as an option parameter's value from pack-objects to
+   parse-options API, to make it available to other codepaths.
+
+ * "git verify-tag" and "git verify-commit" have been taught to share
+   more code, and then learned to optionally show the verification
+   message from the underlying GPG implementation.
+
+ * Various enhancements around "git am" reading patches generated by
+   foreign SCM have been made.
+
+ * Ref listing by "git branch -l" and "git tag -l" commands has
+   started to be rebuilt, based on the for-each-ref machinery.
+
+ * The code to perform multi-tree merges has been taught to repopulate
+   the cache-tree upon a successful merge into the index, so that
+   subsequent "diff-index --cached" (hence "status") and "write-tree"
+   (hence "commit") will go faster.
+
+   The same logic in "git checkout" may now be removed, but that is a
+   separate issue.
+
+ * Tests that assume how reflogs are represented on the filesystem too
+   much have been corrected.
+
+ * "git am" has been rewritten in "C".
+
+ * git_path() and mkpath() are handy helper functions but it is easy
+   to misuse, as the callers need to be careful to keep the number of
+   active results below 4.  Their uses have been reduced.
+
+ * The "lockfile" API has been rebuilt on top of a new "tempfile" API.
+
+ * To prepare for allowing a different "ref" backend to be plugged in
+   to the system, update_ref()/delete_ref() have been taught about
+   ref-like things like MERGE_HEAD that are per-worktree (they will
+   always be written to the filesystem inside $GIT_DIR).
+
+ * The gitmodules API that is accessed from the C code learned to
+   cache stuff lazily.
+
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v2.5
+----------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.5 in the maintenance
+track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
+notes for details).
+
+ * "git subtree" (in contrib/) depended on "git log" output to be
+   stable, which was a no-no.  Apply a workaround to force a
+   particular date format.
+   (merge e7aac44 da/subtree-date-confusion later to maint).
+
+ * An attempt to delete a ref by pushing into a repository whose HEAD
+   symbolic reference points at an unborn branch that cannot be
+   created due to ref D/F conflict (e.g. refs/heads/a/b exists, HEAD
+   points at refs/heads/a) failed.
+   (merge b112b14 jx/do-not-crash-receive-pack-wo-head later to maint).
+
+ * The low-level "git send-pack" did not honor 'user.signingkey'
+   configuration variable when sending a signed-push.
+   (merge d830d39 db/send-pack-user-signingkey later to maint).
+
+ * "sparse checkout" misbehaved for a path that is excluded from the
+   checkout when switching between branches that differ at the path.
+   (merge 7d78241 as/sparse-checkout-removal later to maint).
+
+ * An experimental "untracked cache" feature used uname(2) in a
+   slightly unportable way.
+   (merge 100e433 cb/uname-in-untracked later to maint).
+
+ * A "rebase" replays changes of the local branch on top of something
+   else, as such they are placed in stage #3 and referred to as
+   "theirs", while the changes in the new base, typically a foreign
+   work, are placed in stage #2 and referred to as "ours".  Clarify
+   the "checkout --ours/--theirs".
+   (merge f303016 se/doc-checkout-ours-theirs later to maint).
+
+ * The "rev-parse --parseopt" mode parsed the option specification
+   and the argument hint in a strange way to allow '=' and other
+   special characters in the option name while forbidding them from
+   the argument hint.  This made it impossible to define an option
+   like "--pair <key>=<value>" with "pair=key=value" specification,
+   which instead would have defined a "--pair=key <value>" option.
+   (merge 2d893df ib/scripted-parse-opt-better-hint-string later to maint).
+
+ * Often a fast-import stream builds a new commit on top of the
+   previous commit it built, and it often unconditionally emits a
+   "from" command to specify the first parent, which can be omitted in
+   such a case.  This caused fast-import to forget the tree of the
+   previous commit and then re-read it from scratch, which was
+   inefficient.  Optimize for this common case.
+   (merge 0df3245 mh/fast-import-optimize-current-from later to maint).
+
+ * Running an aliased command from a subdirectory when the .git thing
+   in the working tree is a gitfile pointing elsewhere did not work.
+   (merge d95138e nd/export-worktree later to maint).
+
+ * "Is this subdirectory a separate repository that should not be
+   touched?" check "git clean" was inefficient.  This was replaced
+   with a more optimized check.
+   (merge fbf2fec ee/clean-remove-dirs later to maint).
+
+ * The "new-worktree-mode" hack in "checkout" that was added in
+   nd/multiple-work-trees topic has been removed by updating the
+   implementation of new "worktree add".
+   (merge 65f9b75 es/worktree-add-cleanup later to maint).
+
+ * Remove remaining cruft from  "git checkout --to", which
+   transitioned to "git worktree add".
+   (merge 114ff88 es/worktree-add later to maint).
+
+ * An off-by-one error made "git remote" to mishandle a remote with a
+   single letter nickname.
+   (merge bc598c3 mh/get-remote-group-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git clone $URL", when cloning from a site whose sole purpose is to
+   host a single repository (hence, no path after <scheme>://<site>/),
+   tried to use the site name as the new repository name, but did not
+   remove username or password when <site> part was of the form
+   <user>@<pass>:<host>.  The code is taught to redact these.
+   (merge adef956 ps/guess-repo-name-at-root later to maint).
+
+ * Running tests with the "-x" option to make them verbose had some
+   unpleasant interactions with other features of the test suite.
+   (merge 9b5fe78 jk/test-with-x later to maint).
+
+ * t1509 test that requires a dedicated VM environment had some
+   bitrot, which has been corrected.
+   (merge faacc5a ps/t1509-chroot-test-fixup later to maint).
+
+ * "git pull" in recent releases of Git has a regression in the code
+   that allows custom path to the --upload-pack=<program>.  This has
+   been corrected.
+
+   Note that this is irrelevant for 'master' with "git pull" rewritten
+   in C.
+   (merge 13e0e28 mm/pull-upload-pack later to maint).
+
+ * When trying to see that an object does not exist, a state errno
+   leaked from our "first try to open a packfile with O_NOATIME and
+   then if it fails retry without it" logic on a system that refuses
+   O_NOATIME.  This confused us and caused us to die, saying that the
+   packfile is unreadable, when we should have just reported that the
+   object does not exist in that packfile to the caller.
+   (merge dff6f28 cb/open-noatime-clear-errno later to maint).
+
+ * The codepath to produce error messages had a hard-coded limit to
+   the size of the message, primarily to avoid memory allocation while
+   calling die().
+   (merge f4c3edc jk/long-error-messages later to maint).
+
+ * strbuf_read() used to have one extra iteration (and an unnecessary
+   strbuf_grow() of 8kB), which was eliminated.
+   (merge 3ebbd00 jh/strbuf-read-use-read-in-full later to maint).
+
+ * We rewrote one of the build scripts in Perl but this reimplements
+   in Bourne shell.
+   (merge 57cee8a sg/help-group later to maint).
+
+ * The experimental untracked-cache feature were buggy when paths with
+   a few levels of subdirectories are involved.
+   (merge 73f9145 dt/untracked-subdir later to maint).
+
+ * "interpret-trailers" helper mistook a single-liner log message that
+   has a colon as the end of existing trailer.
+
+ * The "interpret-trailers" helper mistook a multi-paragraph title of
+   a commit log message with a colon in it as the end of the trailer
+   block.
+   (merge 5c99995 cc/trailers-corner-case-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git describe" without argument defaulted to describe the HEAD
+   commit, but "git describe --contains" didn't.  Arguably, in a
+   repository used for active development, such defaulting would not
+   be very useful as the tip of branch is typically not tagged, but it
+   is better to be consistent.
+   (merge 2bd0706 sg/describe-contains later to maint).
+
+ * The client side codepaths in "git push" have been cleaned up
+   and the user can request to perform an optional "signed push",
+   i.e. sign only when the other end accepts signed push.
+   (merge 68c757f db/push-sign-if-asked later to maint).
+
+ * Because the configuration system does not allow "alias.0foo" and
+   "pager.0foo" as the configuration key, the user cannot use '0foo'
+   as a custom command name anyway, but "git 0foo" tried to look these
+   keys up and emitted useless warnings before saying '0foo is not a
+   git command'.  These warning messages have been squelched.
+   (merge 9e9de18 jk/fix-alias-pager-config-key-warnings later to maint).
+
+ * "git rev-list" does not take "--notes" option, but did not complain
+   when one is given.
+   (merge 2aea7a5 jk/rev-list-has-no-notes later to maint).
+
+ * When re-priming the cache-tree opportunistically while committing
+   the in-core index as-is, we mistakenly invalidated the in-core
+   index too aggressively, causing the experimental split-index code
+   to unnecessarily rewrite the on-disk index file(s).
+   (merge 475a344 dt/commit-preserve-base-index-upon-opportunistic-cache-tree-update later to maint).
+
+ * "git archive" did not use zip64 extension when creating an archive
+   with more than 64k entries, which nobody should need, right ;-)?
+   (merge 88329ca rs/archive-zip-many later to maint).
+
+ * The code in "multiple-worktree" support that attempted to recover
+   from an inconsistent state updated an incorrect file.
+   (merge 82fde87 nd/fixup-linked-gitdir later to maint).
+
+ * On case insensitive systems, "git p4" did not work well with client
+   specs.
+
+ * "git init empty && git -C empty log" said "bad default revision 'HEAD'",
+   which was found to be a bit confusing to new users.
+   (merge ce11360 jk/log-missing-default-HEAD later to maint).
+
+ * Recent versions of scripted "git am" has a performance regression in
+   "git am --skip" codepath, which no longer exists in the built-in
+   version on the 'master' front.  Fix the regression in the last
+   scripted version that appear in 2.5.x maintenance track and older.
+   (merge b9d6689 js/maint-am-skip-performance-regression later to maint).
+
+ * The branch descriptions that are set with "git branch --edit-description"
+   option were used in many places but they weren't clearly documented.
+   (merge 561d2b7 po/doc-branch-desc later to maint).
+
+ * Code cleanups and documentation updates.
+   (merge 1c601af es/doc-clean-outdated-tools later to maint).
+   (merge 3581304 kn/tag-doc-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 3a59e59 kb/i18n-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 45abdee sb/remove-unused-var-from-builtin-add later to maint).
+   (merge 14691e3 sb/parse-options-codeformat later to maint).
+   (merge 4a6ada3 ad/bisect-cleanup later to maint).
+   (merge da4c5ad ta/docfix-index-format-tech later to maint).
+   (merge ae25fd3 sb/check-return-from-read-ref later to maint).
+   (merge b3325df nd/dwim-wildcards-as-pathspecs later to maint).
+   (merge 7aa9b9b sg/wt-status-header-inclusion later to maint).
+   (merge f04c690 as/docfix-reflog-expire-unreachable later to maint).
+   (merge 1269847 sg/t3020-typofix later to maint).
+   (merge 8b54c23 jc/calloc-pathspec later to maint).
+   (merge a6926b8 po/po-readme later to maint).
+   (merge 54d160e ss/fix-config-fd-leak later to maint).
+   (merge b80fa84 ah/submodule-typofix-in-error later to maint).
+   (merge 99885bc ah/reflog-typofix-in-error later to maint).
+   (merge 9476c2c ah/read-tree-usage-string later to maint).
+   (merge b8c1d27 ah/pack-objects-usage-strings later to maint).
+   (merge 486e1e1 br/svn-doc-include-paths-config later to maint).
+   (merge 1733ed3 ee/clean-test-fixes later to maint).
+   (merge 5fcadc3 gb/apply-comment-typofix later to maint).
+   (merge b894d3e mp/t7060-diff-index-test later to maint).
+   (merge d238710 as/config-doc-markup-fix later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f37ea89cda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Git v2.6.1 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.6
+----------------
+
+ * xdiff code we use to generate diffs is not prepared to handle
+   extremely large files.  It uses "int" in many places, which can
+   overflow if we have a very large number of lines or even bytes in
+   our input files, for example.  Cap the input size to somewhere
+   around 1GB for now.
+
+ * Some protocols (like git-remote-ext) can execute arbitrary code
+   found in the URL.  The URLs that submodules use may come from
+   arbitrary sources (e.g., .gitmodules files in a remote
+   repository), and can hurt those who blindly enable recursive
+   fetch.  Restrict the allowed protocols to well known and safe
+   ones.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5b65e35245
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+Git v2.6.2 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.6.1
+------------------
+
+ * There were some classes of errors that "git fsck" diagnosed to its
+   standard error that did not cause it to exit with non-zero status.
+
+ * A test script for the HTTP service had a timing dependent bug,
+   which was fixed.
+
+ * Performance-measurement tests did not work without an installed Git.
+
+ * On a case insensitive filesystems, setting GIT_WORK_TREE variable
+   using a random cases that does not agree with what the filesystem
+   thinks confused Git that it wasn't inside the working tree.
+
+ * When "git am" was rewritten as a built-in, it stopped paying
+   attention to user.signingkey, which was fixed.
+
+ * After "git checkout --detach", "git status" reported a fairly
+   useless "HEAD detached at HEAD", instead of saying at which exact
+   commit.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" had a minor regression recently, which stopped
+   considering a line that begins with an indented '#' in its insn
+   sheet not a comment, which is now fixed.
+
+ * Description of the "log.follow" configuration variable in "git log"
+   documentation is now also copied to "git config" documentation.
+
+ * Allocation related functions and stdio are unsafe things to call
+   inside a signal handler, and indeed killing the pager can cause
+   glibc to deadlock waiting on allocation mutex as our signal handler
+   tries to free() some data structures in wait_for_pager().  Reduce
+   these unsafe calls.
+
+ * The way how --ref/--notes to specify the notes tree reference are
+   DWIMmed was not clearly documented.
+
+ * Customization to change the behaviour with "make -w" and "make -s"
+   in our Makefile was broken when they were used together.
+
+ * The Makefile always runs the library archiver with hardcoded "crs"
+   options, which was inconvenient for exotic platforms on which
+   people want to use programs with totally different set of command
+   line options.
+
+ * The ssh transport, just like any other transport over the network,
+   did not clear GIT_* environment variables, but it is possible to
+   use SendEnv and AcceptEnv to leak them to the remote invocation of
+   Git, which is not a good idea at all.  Explicitly clear them just
+   like we do for the local transport.
+
+ * "git blame --first-parent v1.0..v2.0" was not rejected but did not
+   limit the blame to commits on the first parent chain.
+
+ * Very small number of options take a parameter that is optional
+   (which is not a great UI element as they can only appear at the end
+   of the command line).  Add notice to documentation of each and
+   every one of them.
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fc6fe1711f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+Git v2.6.3 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.6.2
+------------------
+
+ * The error message from "git blame --contents --reverse" incorrectly
+   talked about "--contents --children".
+
+ * "git merge-file" tried to signal how many conflicts it found, which
+   obviously would not work well when there are too many of them.
+
+ * The name-hash subsystem that is used to cope with case insensitive
+   filesystems keeps track of directories and their on-filesystem
+   cases for all the paths in the index by holding a pointer to a
+   randomly chosen cache entry that is inside the directory (for its
+   ce->ce_name component).  This pointer was not updated even when the
+   cache entry was removed from the index, leading to use after free.
+   This was fixed by recording the path for each directory instead of
+   borrowing cache entries and restructuring the API somewhat.
+
+ * When the "git am" command was reimplemented in C, "git am -3" had a
+   small regression where it is aborted in its error handling codepath
+   when underlying merge-recursive failed in some ways.
+
+ * The synopsis text and the usage string of subcommands that read
+   list of things from the standard input are often shown as if they
+   only take input from a file on a filesystem, which was misleading.
+
+ * A couple of commands still showed "[options]" in their usage string
+   to note where options should come on their command line, but we
+   spell that "[<options>]" in most places these days.
+
+ * The submodule code has been taught to work better with separate
+   work trees created via "git worktree add".
+
+ * When "git gc --auto" is backgrounded, its diagnosis message is
+   lost.  It now is saved to a file in $GIT_DIR and is shown next time
+   the "gc --auto" is run.
+
+ * Work around "git p4" failing when the P4 depot records the contents
+   in UTF-16 without UTF-16 BOM.
+
+ * Recent update to "rebase -i" that tries to sanity check the edited
+   insn sheet before it uses it has become too picky on Windows where
+   CRLF left by the editor is turned into a trailing CR on the line
+   read via the "read" built-in command.
+
+ * "git clone --dissociate" runs a big "git repack" process at the
+   end, and it helps to close file descriptors that are open on the
+   packs and their idx files before doing so on filesystems that
+   cannot remove a file that is still open.
+
+ * Correct "git p4 --detect-labels" so that it does not fail to create
+   a tag that points at a commit that is also being imported.
+
+ * The internal stripspace() function has been moved to where it
+   logically belongs to, i.e. strbuf API, and the command line parser
+   of "git stripspace" has been updated to use the parse_options API.
+
+ * Prepare for Git on-disk repository representation to undergo
+   backward incompatible changes by introducing a new repository
+   format version "1", with an extension mechanism.
+
+ * "git gc" used to barf when a symbolic ref has gone dangling
+   (e.g. the branch that used to be your upstream's default when you
+   cloned from it is now gone, and you did "fetch --prune").
+
+ * The normalize_ceiling_entry() function does not muck with the end
+   of the path it accepts, and the real world callers do rely on that,
+   but a test insisted that the function drops a trailing slash.
+
+ * "git gc" is safe to run anytime only because it has the built-in
+   grace period to protect young objects.  In order to run with no
+   grace period, the user must make sure that the repository is
+   quiescent.
+
+ * A recent "filter-branch --msg-filter" broke skipping of the commit
+   object header, which is fixed.
+
+ * "git --literal-pathspecs add -u/-A" without any command line
+   argument misbehaved ever since Git 2.0.
+
+ * Merging a branch that removes a path and another that changes the
+   mode bits on the same path should have conflicted at the path, but
+   it didn't and silently favoured the removal.
+
+ * "git imap-send" did not compile well with older version of cURL library.
+
+ * The linkage order of libraries was wrong in places around libcurl.
+
+ * It was not possible to use a repository-lookalike created by "git
+   worktree add" as a local source of "git clone".
+
+ * When "git send-email" wanted to talk over Net::SMTP::SSL,
+   Net::Cmd::datasend() did not like to be fed too many bytes at the
+   same time and failed to send messages.  Send the payload one line
+   at a time to work around the problem.
+
+ * We peek objects from submodule's object store by linking it to the
+   list of alternate object databases, but the code to do so forgot to
+   correctly initialize the list.
+
+ * "git status --branch --short" accessed beyond the constant string
+   "HEAD", which has been corrected.
+
+ * "git daemon" uses "run_command()" without "finish_command()", so it
+   needs to release resources itself, which it forgot to do.
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b0256a2dc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+Git v2.6.4 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.6.3
+------------------
+
+ * The "configure" script did not test for -lpthread correctly, which
+   upset some linkers.
+
+ * Add support for talking http/https over socks proxy.
+
+ * Portability fix for Windows, which may rewrite $SHELL variable using
+   non-POSIX paths.
+
+ * We now consistently allow all hooks to ignore their standard input,
+   rather than having git complain of SIGPIPE.
+
+ * Fix shell quoting in contrib script.
+
+ * Test portability fix for a topic in v2.6.1.
+
+ * Allow tilde-expansion in some http config variables.
+
+ * Give a useful special case "diff/show --word-diff-regex=." as an
+   example in the documentation.
+
+ * Fix for a corner case in filter-branch.
+
+ * Make git-p4 work on a detached head.
+
+ * Documentation clarification for "check-ignore" without "--verbose".
+
+ * Just like the working tree is cleaned up when the user cancelled
+   submission in P4Submit.applyCommit(), clean up the mess if "p4
+   submit" fails.
+
+ * Having a leftover .idx file without corresponding .pack file in
+   the repository hurts performance; "git gc" learned to prune them.
+
+ * The code to prepare the working tree side of temporary directory
+   for the "dir-diff" feature forgot that symbolic links need not be
+   copied (or symlinked) to the temporary area, as the code already
+   special cases and overwrites them.  Besides, it was wrong to try
+   computing the object name of the target of symbolic link, which may
+   not even exist or may be a directory.
+
+ * There was no way to defeat a configured rebase.autostash variable
+   from the command line, as "git rebase --no-autostash" was missing.
+
+ * Allow "git interpret-trailers" to run outside of a Git repository.
+
+ * Produce correct "dirty" marker for shell prompts, even when we
+   are on an orphan or an unborn branch.
+
+ * Some corner cases have been fixed in string-matching done in "git
+   status".
+
+ * Apple's common crypto implementation of SHA1_Update() does not take
+   more than 4GB at a time, and we now have a compile-time workaround
+   for it.
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f0924b62e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+Git v2.6.5 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.6.4
+------------------
+
+ * Because "test_when_finished" in our test framework queues the
+   clean-up tasks to be done in a shell variable, it should not be
+   used inside a subshell.  Add a mechanism to allow 'bash' to catch
+   such uses, and fix the ones that were found.
+
+ * Update "git subtree" (in contrib/) so that it can take whitespaces
+   in the pathnames, not only in the in-tree pathname but the name of
+   the directory that the repository is in.
+
+ * Cosmetic improvement to lock-file error messages.
+
+ * mark_tree_uninteresting() has code to handle the case where it gets
+   passed a NULL pointer in its 'tree' parameter, but the function had
+   'object = &tree->object' assignment before checking if tree is
+   NULL.  This gives a compiler an excuse to declare that tree will
+   never be NULL and apply a wrong optimization.  Avoid it.
+
+ * The helper used to iterate over loose object directories to prune
+   stale objects did not closedir() immediately when it is done with a
+   directory--a callback such as the one used for "git prune" may want
+   to do rmdir(), but it would fail on open directory on platforms
+   such as WinXP.
+
+ * "git p4" used to import Perforce CLs that touch only paths outside
+   the client spec as empty commits.  It has been corrected to ignore
+   them instead, with a new configuration git-p4.keepEmptyCommits as a
+   backward compatibility knob.
+
+ * The exit code of git-fsck did not reflect some types of errors
+   found in packed objects, which has been corrected.
+
+ * The completion script (in contrib/) used to list "git column"
+   (which is not an end-user facing command) as one of the choices
+
+ * Improve error reporting when SMTP TLS fails.
+
+ * When getpwuid() on the system returned NULL (e.g. the user is not
+   in the /etc/passwd file or other uid-to-name mappings), the
+   codepath to find who the user is to record it in the reflog barfed
+   and died.  Loosen the check in this codepath, which already accepts
+   questionable ident string (e.g. host part of the e-mail address is
+   obviously bogus), and in general when we operate fmt_ident() function
+   in non-strict mode.
+
+ * "git symbolic-ref" forgot to report a failure with its exit status.
+
+ * History traversal with "git log --source" that starts with an
+   annotated tag failed to report the tag as "source", due to an
+   old regression in the command line parser back in v2.2 days.
+
+Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
+clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..023ad85ec6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Git v2.6.6 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.6.5
+------------------
+
+ * Bugfix patches were backported from the 'master' front to plug heap
+   corruption holes, to catch integer overflow in the computation of
+   pathname lengths, and to get rid of the name_path API.  Both of
+   these would have resulted in writing over an under-allocated buffer
+   when formulating pathnames while tree traversal.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.7.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.7.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1335de49a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.6.7.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Git v2.6.7 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.6.6
+------------------
+
+ * "git-shell" rejects a request to serve a repository whose name
+   begins with a dash, which makes it no longer possible to get it
+   confused into spawning service programs like "git-upload-pack" with
+   an option like "--help", which in turn would spawn an interactive
+   pager, instead of working with the repository user asked to access
+   (i.e. the one whose name is "--help").
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..563dadc57e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,414 @@
+Git 2.7 Release Notes
+=====================
+
+Updates since v2.6
+------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * The appearance of "gitk", particularly on high DPI monitors, have
+   been improved.  "gitk" also comes with an undated translation for
+   Swedish and Japanese.
+
+ * "git remote" learned "get-url" subcommand to show the URL for a
+   given remote name used for fetching and pushing.
+
+ * There was no way to defeat a configured rebase.autostash variable
+   from the command line, as "git rebase --no-autostash" was missing.
+
+ * "git log --date=local" used to only show the normal (default)
+   format in the local timezone.  The command learned to take 'local'
+   as an instruction to use the local timezone with other formats,
+
+ * The refs used during a "git bisect" session is now per-worktree so
+   that independent bisect sessions can be done in different worktrees
+   created with "git worktree add".
+
+ * Users who are too busy to type three extra keystrokes to ask for
+   "git stash show -p" can now set stash.showPatch configuration
+   variable to true to always see the actual patch, not just the list
+   of paths affected with feel for the extent of damage via diffstat.
+
+ * "quiltimport" allows to specify the series file by honoring the
+   $QUILT_SERIES environment and also --series command line option.
+
+ * The use of 'good/bad' in "git bisect" made it confusing to use when
+   hunting for a state change that is not a regression (e.g. bugfix).
+   The command learned 'old/new' and then allows the end user to
+   say e.g. "bisect start --term-old=fast --term-new=slow" to find a
+   performance regression.
+
+ * "git interpret-trailers" can now run outside of a Git repository.
+
+ * "git p4" learned to reencode the pathname it uses to communicate
+   with the p4 depot with a new option.
+
+ * Give progress meter to "git filter-branch".
+
+ * Allow a later "!/abc/def" to override an earlier "/abc" that
+   appears in the same .gitignore file to make it easier to express
+   "everything in /abc directory is ignored, except for ...".
+
+ * Teach "git p4" to send large blobs outside the repository by
+   talking to Git LFS.
+
+ * Prepare for Git on-disk repository representation to undergo
+   backward incompatible changes by introducing a new repository
+   format version "1", with an extension mechanism.
+
+ * "git worktree" learned a "list" subcommand.
+
+ * "git clone --dissociate" learned that it can be used even when
+   "--reference" was not used at the same time.
+
+ * "git blame" learnt to take "--first-parent" and "--reverse" at the
+   same time when it makes sense.
+
+ * "git checkout" did not follow the usual "--[no-]progress"
+   convention and implemented only "--quiet" that is essentially
+   a superset of "--no-progress".  Extend the command to support the
+   usual "--[no-]progress".
+
+ * The semantics of transfer.hideRefs configuration variable have been
+   extended to work better with the ref "namespace" feature that lets
+   you throw unrelated bunches of repositories in a single physical
+   repository and virtually serve them as separate ones.
+
+ * send-email config variables whose values are pathnames now go
+   through the ~username/ expansion.
+
+ * bash completion learnt to TAB-complete recipient addresses given
+   to send-email.
+
+ * The credential-cache daemon can be told to ignore SIGHUP to work
+   around issue when running Git from inside emacs.
+
+ * "git push" learned new configuration for doing "--recurse-submodules"
+   on each push.
+
+ * "format-patch" has learned a new option to zero-out the commit
+   object name on the mbox "From " line.
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
+
+ * The infrastructure to rewrite "git submodule" in C is being built
+   incrementally.  Let's polish these early parts well enough and make
+   them graduate to 'next' and 'master', so that the more involved
+   follow-up can start cooking on a solid ground.
+
+ * Some features from "git tag -l" and "git branch -l" have been made
+   available to "git for-each-ref" so that eventually the unified
+   implementation can be shared across all three.  The version merged
+   to the 'master' branch earlier had a performance regression in "tag
+   --contains", which has since been corrected.
+
+ * Because "test_when_finished" in our test framework queues the
+   clean-up tasks to be done in a shell variable, it should not be
+   used inside a subshell.  Add a mechanism to allow 'bash' to catch
+   such uses, and fix the ones that were found.
+
+ * The debugging infrastructure for pkt-line based communication has
+   been improved to mark the side-band communication specifically.
+
+ * Update "git branch" that list existing branches, using the
+   ref-filter API that is shared with "git tag" and "git
+   for-each-ref".
+
+ * The test for various line-ending conversions has been enhanced.
+
+ * A few test scripts around "git p4" have been improved for
+   portability.
+
+ * Many allocations that is manually counted (correctly) that are
+   followed by strcpy/sprintf have been replaced with a less error
+   prone constructs such as xstrfmt.
+
+ * The internal stripspace() function has been moved to where it
+   logically belongs to, i.e. strbuf API, and the command line parser
+   of "git stripspace" has been updated to use the parse_options API.
+
+ * "git am" used to spawn "git mailinfo" via run_command() API once
+   per each patch, but learned to make a direct call to mailinfo()
+   instead.
+
+ * The implementation of "git mailinfo" was refactored so that a
+   mailinfo() function can be directly called from inside a process.
+
+ * With a "debug" helper, debugging of a single "git" invocation in
+   our test scripts has become a lot easier.
+
+ * The "configure" script did not test for -lpthread correctly, which
+   upset some linkers.
+
+ * Cross completed task off of subtree project's todo list.
+
+ * Test cleanups for the subtree project.
+
+ * Clean up style in an ancient test t9300.
+
+ * Work around some test flakiness with p4d.
+
+ * Fsck did not correctly detect a NUL-truncated header in a tag.
+
+ * Use a safer behavior when we hit errors verifying remote certificates.
+
+ * Speed up filter-branch for cases where we only care about rewriting
+   commits, not tree data.
+
+ * The parse-options API has been updated to make "-h" command line
+   option work more consistently in all commands.
+
+ * "git svn rebase/mkdirs" got optimized by keeping track of empty
+   directories better.
+
+ * Fix some racy client/server tests by treating SIGPIPE the same as a
+   normal non-zero exit.
+
+ * The necessary infrastructure to build topics using the free Travis
+   CI has been added. Developers forking from this topic (and enabling
+   Travis) can do their own builds, and we can turn on auto-builds for
+   git/git (including build-status for pull requests that people
+   open).
+
+ * The write(2) emulation for Windows learned to set errno to EPIPE
+   when necessary.
+
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v2.6
+----------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.6 in the maintenance
+track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
+notes for details).
+
+ * Very small number of options take a parameter that is optional
+   (which is not a great UI element as they can only appear at the end
+   of the command line).  Add notice to documentation of each and
+   every one of them.
+
+ * "git blame --first-parent v1.0..v2.0" was not rejected but did not
+   limit the blame to commits on the first parent chain.
+
+ * "git subtree" (in contrib/) now can take whitespaces in the
+   pathnames, not only in the in-tree pathname but the name of the
+   directory that the repository is in.
+
+ * The ssh transport, just like any other transport over the network,
+   did not clear GIT_* environment variables, but it is possible to
+   use SendEnv and AcceptEnv to leak them to the remote invocation of
+   Git, which is not a good idea at all.  Explicitly clear them just
+   like we do for the local transport.
+
+ * Correct "git p4 --detect-labels" so that it does not fail to create
+   a tag that points at a commit that is also being imported.
+
+ * The Makefile always runs the library archiver with hardcoded "crs"
+   options, which was inconvenient for exotic platforms on which
+   people want to use programs with totally different set of command
+   line options.
+
+ * Customization to change the behaviour with "make -w" and "make -s"
+   in our Makefile was broken when they were used together.
+
+ * Allocation related functions and stdio are unsafe things to call
+   inside a signal handler, and indeed killing the pager can cause
+   glibc to deadlock waiting on allocation mutex as our signal handler
+   tries to free() some data structures in wait_for_pager().  Reduce
+   these unsafe calls.
+
+ * The way how --ref/--notes to specify the notes tree reference are
+   DWIMmed was not clearly documented.
+
+ * "git gc" used to barf when a symbolic ref has gone dangling
+   (e.g. the branch that used to be your upstream's default when you
+   cloned from it is now gone, and you did "fetch --prune").
+
+ * "git clone --dissociate" runs a big "git repack" process at the
+   end, and it helps to close file descriptors that are open on the
+   packs and their idx files before doing so on filesystems that
+   cannot remove a file that is still open.
+
+ * Description of the "log.follow" configuration variable in "git log"
+   documentation is now also copied to "git config" documentation.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" had a minor regression recently, which stopped
+   considering a line that begins with an indented '#' in its insn
+   sheet not a comment. Further, the code was still too picky on
+   Windows where CRLF left by the editor is turned into a trailing CR
+   on the line read via the "read" built-in command of bash.  Both of
+   these issues are now fixed.
+
+ * After "git checkout --detach", "git status" reported a fairly
+   useless "HEAD detached at HEAD", instead of saying at which exact
+   commit.
+
+ * When "git send-email" wanted to talk over Net::SMTP::SSL,
+   Net::Cmd::datasend() did not like to be fed too many bytes at the
+   same time and failed to send messages.  Send the payload one line
+   at a time to work around the problem.
+
+ * When "git am" was rewritten as a built-in, it stopped paying
+   attention to user.signingkey, which was fixed.
+
+ * It was not possible to use a repository-lookalike created by "git
+   worktree add" as a local source of "git clone".
+
+ * On a case insensitive filesystems, setting GIT_WORK_TREE variable
+   using a random cases that does not agree with what the filesystem
+   thinks confused Git that it wasn't inside the working tree.
+
+ * Performance-measurement tests did not work without an installed Git.
+
+ * A test script for the HTTP service had a timing dependent bug,
+   which was fixed.
+
+ * There were some classes of errors that "git fsck" diagnosed to its
+   standard error that did not cause it to exit with non-zero status.
+
+ * Work around "git p4" failing when the P4 depot records the contents
+   in UTF-16 without UTF-16 BOM.
+
+ * When "git gc --auto" is backgrounded, its diagnosis message is
+   lost.  Save it to a file in $GIT_DIR and show it next time the "gc
+   --auto" is run.
+
+ * The submodule code has been taught to work better with separate
+   work trees created via "git worktree add".
+
+ * "git gc" is safe to run anytime only because it has the built-in
+   grace period to protect young objects.  In order to run with no
+   grace period, the user must make sure that the repository is
+   quiescent.
+
+ * A recent "filter-branch --msg-filter" broke skipping of the commit
+   object header, which is fixed.
+
+ * The normalize_ceiling_entry() function does not muck with the end
+   of the path it accepts, and the real world callers do rely on that,
+   but a test insisted that the function drops a trailing slash.
+
+ * A test for interaction between untracked cache and sparse checkout
+   added in Git 2.5 days were flaky.
+
+ * A couple of commands still showed "[options]" in their usage string
+   to note where options should come on their command line, but we
+   spell that "[<options>]" in most places these days.
+
+ * The synopsis text and the usage string of subcommands that read
+   list of things from the standard input are often shown as if they
+   only take input from a file on a filesystem, which was misleading.
+
+ * "git am -3" had a small regression where it is aborted in its error
+   handling codepath when underlying merge-recursive failed in certain
+   ways, as it assumed that the internal call to merge-recursive will
+   never die, which is not the case (yet).
+
+ * The linkage order of libraries was wrong in places around libcurl.
+
+ * The name-hash subsystem that is used to cope with case insensitive
+   filesystems keeps track of directories and their on-filesystem
+   cases for all the paths in the index by holding a pointer to a
+   randomly chosen cache entry that is inside the directory (for its
+   ce->ce_name component).  This pointer was not updated even when the
+   cache entry was removed from the index, leading to use after free.
+   This was fixed by recording the path for each directory instead of
+   borrowing cache entries and restructuring the API somewhat.
+
+ * "git merge-file" tried to signal how many conflicts it found, which
+   obviously would not work well when there are too many of them.
+
+ * The error message from "git blame --contents --reverse" incorrectly
+   talked about "--contents --children".
+
+ * "git imap-send" did not compile well with older version of cURL library.
+
+ * Merging a branch that removes a path and another that changes the
+   mode bits on the same path should have conflicted at the path, but
+   it didn't and silently favoured the removal.
+
+ * "git --literal-pathspecs add -u/-A" without any command line
+   argument misbehaved ever since Git 2.0.
+
+ * "git daemon" uses "run_command()" without "finish_command()", so it
+   needs to release resources itself, which it forgot to do.
+
+ * "git status --branch --short" accessed beyond the constant string
+   "HEAD", which has been corrected.
+
+ * We peek objects from submodule's object store by linking it to the
+   list of alternate object databases, but the code to do so forgot to
+   correctly initialize the list.
+
+ * The code to prepare the working tree side of temporary directory
+   for the "dir-diff" feature forgot that symbolic links need not be
+   copied (or symlinked) to the temporary area, as the code already
+   special cases and overwrites them.  Besides, it was wrong to try
+   computing the object name of the target of symbolic link, which may
+   not even exist or may be a directory.
+
+ * A Range: request can be responded with a full response and when
+   asked properly libcurl knows how to strip the result down to the
+   requested range.  However, we were hand-crafting a range request
+   and it did not kick in.
+
+ * Having a leftover .idx file without corresponding .pack file in
+   the repository hurts performance; "git gc" learned to prune them.
+
+ * Apple's common crypto implementation of SHA1_Update() does not take
+   more than 4GB at a time, and we now have a compile-time workaround
+   for it.
+
+ * Produce correct "dirty" marker for shell prompts, even when we
+   are on an orphan or an unborn branch.
+
+ * A build without NO_IPv6 used to use gethostbyname() when guessing
+   user's hostname, instead of getaddrinfo() that is used in other
+   codepaths in such a build.
+
+ * The exit code of git-fsck did not reflect some types of errors
+   found in packed objects, which has been corrected.
+
+ * The helper used to iterate over loose object directories to prune
+   stale objects did not closedir() immediately when it is done with a
+   directory--a callback such as the one used for "git prune" may want
+   to do rmdir(), but it would fail on open directory on platforms
+   such as WinXP.
+
+ * "git p4" used to import Perforce CLs that touch only paths outside
+   the client spec as empty commits.  It has been corrected to ignore
+   them instead, with a new configuration git-p4.keepEmptyCommits as a
+   backward compatibility knob.
+
+ * The completion script (in contrib/) used to list "git column"
+   (which is not an end-user facing command) as one of the choices
+   (merge 160fcdb sg/completion-no-column later to maint).
+
+ * The error reporting from "git send-email", when SMTP TLS fails, has
+   been improved.
+   (merge 9d60524 jk/send-email-ssl-errors later to maint).
+
+ * When getpwuid() on the system returned NULL (e.g. the user is not
+   in the /etc/passwd file or other uid-to-name mappings), the
+   codepath to find who the user is to record it in the reflog barfed
+   and died.  Loosen the check in this codepath, which already accepts
+   questionable ident string (e.g. host part of the e-mail address is
+   obviously bogus), and in general when we operate fmt_ident() function
+   in non-strict mode.
+   (merge 92bcbb9 jk/ident-loosen-getpwuid later to maint).
+
+ * "git symbolic-ref" forgot to report a failure with its exit status.
+   (merge f91b273 jk/symbolic-ref-maint later to maint).
+
+ * History traversal with "git log --source" that starts with an
+   annotated tag failed to report the tag as "source", due to an
+   old regression in the command line parser back in v2.2 days.
+   (merge 728350b jk/pending-keep-tag-name later to maint).
+
+ * "git p4" when interacting with multiple depots at the same time
+   used to incorrectly drop changes.
+
+ * Code clean-up, minor fixes etc.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6553d69e33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+Git v2.7.1 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.7
+----------------
+
+ * An earlier change in 2.5.x-era broke users' hooks and aliases by
+   exporting GIT_WORK_TREE to point at the root of the working tree,
+   interfering when they tried to use a different working tree without
+   setting GIT_WORK_TREE environment themselves.
+
+ * The "exclude_list" structure has the usual "alloc, nr" pair of
+   fields to be used by ALLOC_GROW(), but clear_exclude_list() forgot
+   to reset 'alloc' to 0 when it cleared 'nr' to discard the managed
+   array.
+
+ * "git send-email" was confused by escaped quotes stored in the alias
+   files saved by "mutt", which has been corrected.
+
+ * A few unportable C construct have been spotted by clang compiler
+   and have been fixed.
+
+ * The documentation has been updated to hint the connection between
+   the '--signoff' option and DCO.
+
+ * "git reflog" incorrectly assumed that all objects that used to be
+   at the tip of a ref must be commits, which caused it to segfault.
+
+ * The ignore mechanism saw a few regressions around untracked file
+   listing and sparse checkout selection areas in 2.7.0; the change
+   that is responsible for the regression has been reverted.
+
+ * Some codepaths used fopen(3) when opening a fixed path in $GIT_DIR
+   (e.g. COMMIT_EDITMSG) that is meant to be left after the command is
+   done.  This however did not work well if the repository is set to
+   be shared with core.sharedRepository and the umask of the previous
+   user is tighter.  They have been made to work better by calling
+   unlink(2) and retrying after fopen(3) fails with EPERM.
+
+ * Asking gitweb for a nonexistent commit left a warning in the server
+   log.
+
+ * "git rebase", unlike all other callers of "gc --auto", did not
+   ignore the exit code from "gc --auto".
+
+ * Many codepaths that run "gc --auto" before exiting kept packfiles
+   mapped and left the file descriptors to them open, which was not
+   friendly to systems that cannot remove files that are open.  They
+   now close the packs before doing so.
+
+ * A recent optimization to filter-branch in v2.7.0 introduced a
+   regression when --prune-empty filter is used, which has been
+   corrected.
+
+ * The description for SANITY prerequisite the test suite uses has
+   been clarified both in the comment and in the implementation.
+
+ * "git tag" started listing a tag "foo" as "tags/foo" when a branch
+   named "foo" exists in the same repository; remove this unnecessary
+   disambiguation, which is a regression introduced in v2.7.0.
+
+ * The way "git svn" uses auth parameter was broken by Subversion
+   1.9.0 and later.
+
+ * The "split" subcommand of "git subtree" (in contrib/) incorrectly
+   skipped merges when it shouldn't, which was corrected.
+
+ * A few options of "git diff" did not work well when the command was
+   run from a subdirectory.
+
+ * dirname() emulation has been added, as Msys2 lacks it.
+
+ * The underlying machinery used by "ls-files -o" and other commands
+   have been taught not to create empty submodule ref cache for a
+   directory that is not a submodule.  This removes a ton of wasted
+   CPU cycles.
+
+ * Drop a few old "todo" items by deciding that the change one of them
+   suggests is not such a good idea, and doing the change the other
+   one suggested to do.
+
+ * Documentation for "git fetch --depth" has been updated for clarity.
+
+ * The command line completion learned a handful of additional options
+   and command specific syntax.
+
+Also includes a handful of documentation and test updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4feef76704
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+Git v2.7.2 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.7.1
+------------------
+
+ * The low-level merge machinery has been taught to use CRLF line
+   termination when inserting conflict markers to merged contents that
+   are themselves CRLF line-terminated.
+
+ * "git worktree" had a broken code that attempted to auto-fix
+   possible inconsistency that results from end-users moving a
+   worktree to different places without telling Git (the original
+   repository needs to maintain backpointers to its worktrees, but
+   "mv" run by end-users who are not familiar with that fact will
+   obviously not adjust them), which actually made things worse
+   when triggered.
+
+ * "git push --force-with-lease" has been taught to report if the push
+   needed to force (or fast-forwarded).
+
+ * The emulated "yes" command used in our test scripts has been
+   tweaked not to spend too much time generating unnecessary output
+   that is not used, to help those who test on Windows where it would
+   not stop until it fills the pipe buffer due to lack of SIGPIPE.
+
+ * The vimdiff backend for "git mergetool" has been tweaked to arrange
+   and number buffers in the order that would match the expectation of
+   majority of people who read left to right, then top down and assign
+   buffers 1 2 3 4 "mentally" to local base remote merge windows based
+   on that order.
+
+ * The documentation for "git clean" has been corrected; it mentioned
+   that .git/modules/* are removed by giving two "-f", which has never
+   been the case.
+
+ * Paths that have been told the index about with "add -N" are not
+   quite yet in the index, but a few commands behaved as if they
+   already are in a harmful way.
+
+Also includes tiny documentation and test updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6adf038915
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+Git v2.7.3 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.7.2
+------------------
+
+ * Traditionally, the tests that try commands that work on the
+   contents in the working tree were named with "worktree" in their
+   filenames, but with the recent addition of "git worktree"
+   subcommand, whose tests are also named similarly, it has become
+   harder to tell them apart.  The traditional tests have been renamed
+   to use "work-tree" instead in an attempt to differentiate them.
+
+ * Many codepaths forget to check return value from git_config_set();
+   the function is made to die() to make sure we do not proceed when
+   setting a configuration variable failed.
+
+ * Handling of errors while writing into our internal asynchronous
+   process has been made more robust, which reduces flakiness in our
+   tests.
+
+ * "git show 'HEAD:Foo[BAR]Baz'" did not interpret the argument as a
+   rev, i.e. the object named by the the pathname with wildcard
+   characters in a tree object.
+
+ * "git rev-parse --git-common-dir" used in the worktree feature
+   misbehaved when run from a subdirectory.
+
+ * The "v(iew)" subcommand of the interactive "git am -i" command was
+   broken in 2.6.0 timeframe when the command was rewritten in C.
+
+ * "git merge-tree" used to mishandle "both sides added" conflict with
+   its own "create a fake ancestor file that has the common parts of
+   what both sides have added and do a 3-way merge" logic; this has
+   been updated to use the usual "3-way merge with an empty blob as
+   the fake common ancestor file" approach used in the rest of the
+   system.
+
+ * The memory ownership rule of fill_textconv() API, which was a bit
+   tricky, has been documented a bit better.
+
+ * The documentation did not clearly state that the 'simple' mode is
+   now the default for "git push" when push.default configuration is
+   not set.
+
+ * Recent versions of GNU grep are pickier when their input contains
+   arbitrary binary data, which some of our tests uses.  Rewrite the
+   tests to sidestep the problem.
+
+ * A helper function "git submodule" uses since v2.7.0 to list the
+   modules that match the pathspec argument given to its subcommands
+   (e.g. "submodule add <repo> <path>") has been fixed.
+
+ * "git config section.var value" to set a value in per-repository
+   configuration file failed when it was run outside any repository,
+   but didn't say the reason correctly.
+
+ * The code to read the pack data using the offsets stored in the pack
+   idx file has been made more carefully check the validity of the
+   data in the idx.
+
+Also includes documentation and test updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..883ae896fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Git v2.7.4 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.7.3
+------------------
+
+ * Bugfix patches were backported from the 'master' front to plug heap
+   corruption holes, to catch integer overflow in the computation of
+   pathname lengths, and to get rid of the name_path API.  Both of
+   these would have resulted in writing over an under-allocated buffer
+   when formulating pathnames while tree traversal.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..83559ce3b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+Git v2.7.5 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.7.4
+------------------
+
+ * "git-shell" rejects a request to serve a repository whose name
+   begins with a dash, which makes it no longer possible to get it
+   confused into spawning service programs like "git-upload-pack" with
+   an option like "--help", which in turn would spawn an interactive
+   pager, instead of working with the repository user asked to access
+   (i.e. the one whose name is "--help").
+
+Also contains a few fixes backported from later development tracks.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4c6d1dcd4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+Git v2.7.6 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.7.5
+------------------
+
+ * A "ssh://..." URL can result in a "ssh" command line with a
+   hostname that begins with a dash "-", which would cause the "ssh"
+   command to instead (mis)treat it as an option.  This is now
+   prevented by forbidding such a hostname (which will not be
+   necessary in the real world).
+
+ * Similarly, when GIT_PROXY_COMMAND is configured, the command is
+   run with host and port that are parsed out from "ssh://..." URL;
+   a poorly written GIT_PROXY_COMMAND could be tricked into treating
+   a string that begins with a dash "-".  This is now prevented by
+   forbidding such a hostname and port number (again, which will not
+   be necessary in the real world).
+
+ * In the same spirit, a repository name that begins with a dash "-"
+   is also forbidden now.
+
+Credits go to Brian Neel at GitLab, Joern Schneeweisz of Recurity
+Labs and Jeff King at GitHub.
+
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..25079710fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,439 @@
+Git 2.8 Release Notes
+=====================
+
+Backward compatibility note
+---------------------------
+
+The rsync:// transport has been removed.
+
+
+Updates since v2.7
+------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * It turns out "git clone" over rsync transport has been broken when
+   the source repository has packed references for a long time, and
+   nobody noticed nor complained about it.
+
+ * "push" learned that its "--delete" option can be shortened to
+   "-d", just like "branch --delete" and "branch -d" are the same
+   thing.
+
+ * "git blame" learned to produce the progress eye-candy when it takes
+   too much time before emitting the first line of the result.
+
+ * "git grep" can now be configured (or told from the command line)
+   how many threads to use when searching in the working tree files.
+
+ * Some "git notes" operations, e.g. "git log --notes=<note>", should
+   be able to read notes from any tree-ish that is shaped like a notes
+   tree, but the notes infrastructure required that the argument must
+   be a ref under refs/notes/.  Loosen it to require a valid ref only
+   when the operation would update the notes (in which case we must
+   have a place to store the updated notes tree, iow, a ref).
+
+ * "git grep" by default does not fall back to its "--no-index"
+   behavior outside a directory under Git's control (otherwise the
+   user may by mistake end up running a huge recursive search); with a
+   new configuration (set in $HOME/.gitconfig--by definition this
+   cannot be set in the config file per project), this safety can be
+   disabled.
+
+ * "git pull --rebase" has been extended to allow invoking
+   "rebase -i".
+
+ * "git p4" learned to cope with the type of a file getting changed.
+
+ * "git format-patch" learned to notice format.outputDirectory
+   configuration variable.  This allows "-o <dir>" option to be
+   omitted on the command line if you always use the same directory in
+   your workflow.
+
+ * "interpret-trailers" has been taught to optionally update a file in
+   place, instead of always writing the result to the standard output.
+
+ * Many commands that read files that are expected to contain text
+   that is generated (or can be edited) by the end user to control
+   their behavior (e.g. "git grep -f <filename>") have been updated
+   to be more tolerant to lines that are terminated with CRLF (they
+   used to treat such a line to contain payload that ends with CR,
+   which is usually not what the users expect).
+
+ * "git notes merge" used to limit the source of the merged notes tree
+   to somewhere under refs/notes/ hierarchy, which was too limiting
+   when inventing a workflow to exchange notes with remote
+   repositories using remote-tracking notes trees (located in e.g.
+   refs/remote-notes/ or somesuch).
+
+ * "git ls-files" learned a new "--eol" option to help diagnose
+   end-of-line problems.
+
+ * "ls-remote" learned an option to show which branch the remote
+   repository advertises as its primary by pointing its HEAD at.
+
+ * New http.proxyAuthMethod configuration variable can be used to
+   specify what authentication method to use, as a way to work around
+   proxies that do not give error response expected by libcurl when
+   CURLAUTH_ANY is used.  Also, the codepath for proxy authentication
+   has been taught to use credential API to store the authentication
+   material in user's keyrings.
+
+ * Update the untracked cache subsystem and change its primary UI from
+   "git update-index" to "git config".
+
+ * There were a few "now I am doing this thing" progress messages in
+   the TCP connection code that can be triggered by setting a verbose
+   option internally in the code, but "git fetch -v" and friends never
+   passed the verbose option down to that codepath.
+
+ * Clean/smudge filters defined in a configuration file of lower
+   precedence can now be overridden to be a pass-through no-op by
+   setting the variable to an empty string.
+
+ * A new "<branch>^{/!-<pattern>}" notation can be used to name a
+   commit that is reachable from <branch> that does not match the
+   given <pattern>.
+
+ * The "user.useConfigOnly" configuration variable can be used to
+   force the user to always set user.email & user.name configuration
+   variables, serving as a reminder for those who work on multiple
+   projects and do not want to put these in their $HOME/.gitconfig.
+
+ * "git fetch" and friends that make network connections can now be
+   told to only use ipv4 (or ipv6).
+
+ * Some authentication methods do not need username or password, but
+   libcurl needs some hint that it needs to perform authentication.
+   Supplying an empty username and password string is a valid way to
+   do so, but you can set the http.[<url>.]emptyAuth configuration
+   variable to achieve the same, if you find it cleaner.
+
+ * You can now set http.[<url>.]pinnedpubkey to specify the pinned
+   public key when building with recent enough versions of libcURL.
+
+ * The configuration system has been taught to phrase where it found a
+   bad configuration variable in a better way in its error messages.
+   "git config" learnt a new "--show-origin" option to indicate where
+   the values come from.
+
+ * The "credential-cache" daemon process used to run in whatever
+   directory it happened to start in, but this made umount(2)ing the
+   filesystem that houses the repository harder; now the process
+   chdir()s to the directory that house its own socket on startup.
+
+ * When "git submodule update" did not result in fetching the commit
+   object in the submodule that is referenced by the superproject, the
+   command learned to retry another fetch, specifically asking for
+   that commit that may not be connected to the refs it usually
+   fetches.
+
+ * "git merge-recursive" learned "--no-renames" option to disable its
+   rename detection logic.
+
+ * Across the transition at around Git version 2.0, the user used to
+   get a pretty loud warning when running "git push" without setting
+   push.default configuration variable.  We no longer warn because the
+   transition was completed a long time ago.
+
+ * README has been renamed to README.md and its contents got tweaked
+   slightly to make it easier on the eyes.
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
+
+ * Add a framework to spawn a group of processes in parallel, and use
+   it to run "git fetch --recurse-submodules" in parallel.
+
+ * A slight update to the Makefile to mark ".PHONY" targets as such
+   correctly.
+
+ * In-core storage of the reverse index for .pack files (which lets
+   you go from a pack offset to an object name) has been streamlined.
+
+ * d95138e6 (setup: set env $GIT_WORK_TREE when work tree is set, like
+   $GIT_DIR, 2015-06-26) attempted to work around a glitch in alias
+   handling by overwriting GIT_WORK_TREE environment variable to
+   affect subprocesses when set_git_work_tree() gets called, which
+   resulted in a rather unpleasant regression to "clone" and "init".
+   Try to address the same issue by always restoring the environment
+   and respawning the real underlying command when handling alias.
+
+ * The low-level code that is used to create symbolic references has
+   been updated to share more code with the code that deals with
+   normal references.
+
+ * strbuf_getline() and friends have been redefined to make it easier
+   to identify which callsite of (new) strbuf_getline_lf() should
+   allow and silently ignore carriage-return at the end of the line to
+   help users on DOSsy systems.
+
+ * "git shortlog" used to accumulate various pieces of information
+   regardless of what was asked to be shown in the final output.  It
+   has been optimized by noticing what need not to be collected
+   (e.g. there is no need to collect the log messages when showing
+   only the number of changes).
+
+ * "git checkout $branch" (and other operations that share the same
+   underlying machinery) has been optimized.
+
+ * Automated tests in Travis CI environment has been optimized by
+   persisting runtime statistics of previous "prove" run, executing
+   tests that take longer before other ones; this reduces the total
+   wallclock time.
+
+ * Test scripts have been updated to remove assumptions that are not
+   portable between Git for POSIX and Git for Windows, or to skip ones
+   with expectations that are not satisfiable on Git for Windows.
+
+ * Some calls to strcpy(3) triggers a false warning from static
+   analyzers that are less intelligent than humans, and reducing the
+   number of these false hits helps us notice real issues.  A few
+   calls to strcpy(3) in a couple of protrams that are already safe
+   has been rewritten to avoid false warnings.
+
+ * The "name_path" API was an attempt to reduce the need to construct
+   the full path out of a series of path components while walking a
+   tree hierarchy, but over time made less efficient because the path
+   needs to be flattened, e.g. to be compared with another path that
+   is already flat.  The API has been removed and its users have been
+   rewritten to simplify the overall code complexity.
+
+ * Help those who debug http(s) part of the system.
+   (merge 0054045 sp/remote-curl-ssl-strerror later to maint).
+
+ * The internal API to interact with "remote.*" configuration
+   variables has been streamlined.
+
+ * The ref-filter's format-parsing code has been refactored, in
+   preparation for "branch --format" and friends.
+
+ * Traditionally, the tests that try commands that work on the
+   contents in the working tree were named with "worktree" in their
+   filenames, but with the recent addition of "git worktree"
+   subcommand, whose tests are also named similarly, it has become
+   harder to tell them apart.  The traditional tests have been renamed
+   to use "work-tree" instead in an attempt to differentiate them.
+   (merge 5549029 mg/work-tree-tests later to maint).
+
+ * Many codepaths forget to check return value from git_config_set();
+   the function is made to die() to make sure we do not proceed when
+   setting a configuration variable failed.
+   (merge 3d18064 ps/config-error later to maint).
+
+ * Handling of errors while writing into our internal asynchronous
+   process has been made more robust, which reduces flakiness in our
+   tests.
+   (merge 43f3afc jk/epipe-in-async later to maint).
+
+ * There is a new DEVELOPER knob that enables many compiler warning
+   options in the Makefile.
+
+ * The way the test scripts configure the Apache web server has been
+   updated to work also for Apache 2.4 running on RedHat derived
+   distros.
+
+ * Out of maintenance gcc on OSX 10.6 fails to compile the code in
+   'master'; work it around by using clang by default on the platform.
+
+ * The "name_path" API was an attempt to reduce the need to construct
+   the full path out of a series of path components while walking a
+   tree hierarchy, but over time made less efficient because the path
+   needs to be flattened, e.g. to be compared with another path that
+   is already flat, in many cases.  The API has been removed and its
+   users have been rewritten to simplify the overall code complexity.
+   This incidentally also closes some heap-corruption holes.
+
+ * Recent versions of GNU grep is pickier than before to decide if a
+   file is "binary" and refuse to give line-oriented hits when we
+   expect it to, unless explicitly told with "-a" option.  As our
+   scripted Porcelains use sane_grep wrapper for line-oriented data,
+   even when the line may contain non-ASCII payload we took from
+   end-user data, use "grep -a" to implement sane_grep wrapper when
+   using an implementation of "grep" that takes the "-a" option.
+
+
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v2.7
+----------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.7 in the maintenance
+track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
+notes for details).
+
+ * An earlier change in 2.5.x-era broke users' hooks and aliases by
+   exporting GIT_WORK_TREE to point at the root of the working tree,
+   interfering when they tried to use a different working tree without
+   setting GIT_WORK_TREE environment themselves.
+
+ * The "exclude_list" structure has the usual "alloc, nr" pair of
+   fields to be used by ALLOC_GROW(), but clear_exclude_list() forgot
+   to reset 'alloc' to 0 when it cleared 'nr' to discard the managed
+   array.
+
+ * Paths that have been told the index about with "add -N" are not
+   quite yet in the index, but a few commands behaved as if they
+   already are in a harmful way.
+
+ * "git send-email" was confused by escaped quotes stored in the alias
+   files saved by "mutt", which has been corrected.
+
+ * A few non-portable C construct have been spotted by clang compiler
+   and have been fixed.
+
+ * The documentation has been updated to hint the connection between
+   the '--signoff' option and DCO.
+
+ * "git reflog" incorrectly assumed that all objects that used to be
+   at the tip of a ref must be commits, which caused it to segfault.
+
+ * The ignore mechanism saw a few regressions around untracked file
+   listing and sparse checkout selection areas in 2.7.0; the change
+   that is responsible for the regression has been reverted.
+
+ * Some codepaths used fopen(3) when opening a fixed path in $GIT_DIR
+   (e.g. COMMIT_EDITMSG) that is meant to be left after the command is
+   done.  This however did not work well if the repository is set to
+   be shared with core.sharedRepository and the umask of the previous
+   user is tighter.  They have been made to work better by calling
+   unlink(2) and retrying after fopen(3) fails with EPERM.
+
+ * Asking gitweb for a nonexistent commit left a warning in the server
+   log.
+
+   Somebody may want to follow this up with an additional test, perhaps?
+   IIRC, we do test that no Perl warnings are given to the server log,
+   so this should have been caught if our test coverage were good.
+
+ * "git rebase", unlike all other callers of "gc --auto", did not
+   ignore the exit code from "gc --auto".
+
+ * Many codepaths that run "gc --auto" before exiting kept packfiles
+   mapped and left the file descriptors to them open, which was not
+   friendly to systems that cannot remove files that are open.  They
+   now close the packs before doing so.
+
+ * A recent optimization to filter-branch in v2.7.0 introduced a
+   regression when --prune-empty filter is used, which has been
+   corrected.
+
+ * The description for SANITY prerequisite the test suite uses has
+   been clarified both in the comment and in the implementation.
+
+ * "git tag" started listing a tag "foo" as "tags/foo" when a branch
+   named "foo" exists in the same repository; remove this unnecessary
+   disambiguation, which is a regression introduced in v2.7.0.
+
+ * The way "git svn" uses auth parameter was broken by Subversion
+   1.9.0 and later.
+
+ * The "split" subcommand of "git subtree" (in contrib/) incorrectly
+   skipped merges when it shouldn't, which was corrected.
+
+ * A few options of "git diff" did not work well when the command was
+   run from a subdirectory.
+
+ * The command line completion learned a handful of additional options
+   and command specific syntax.
+
+ * dirname() emulation has been added, as Msys2 lacks it.
+
+ * The underlying machinery used by "ls-files -o" and other commands
+   has been taught not to create empty submodule ref cache for a
+   directory that is not a submodule.  This removes a ton of wasted
+   CPU cycles.
+
+ * "git worktree" had a broken code that attempted to auto-fix
+   possible inconsistency that results from end-users moving a
+   worktree to different places without telling Git (the original
+   repository needs to maintain back-pointers to its worktrees,
+   but "mv" run by end-users who are not familiar with that fact
+   will obviously not adjust them), which actually made things
+   worse when triggered.
+
+ * The low-level merge machinery has been taught to use CRLF line
+   termination when inserting conflict markers to merged contents that
+   are themselves CRLF line-terminated.
+
+ * "git push --force-with-lease" has been taught to report if the push
+   needed to force (or fast-forwarded).
+
+ * The emulated "yes" command used in our test scripts has been
+   tweaked not to spend too much time generating unnecessary output
+   that is not used, to help those who test on Windows where it would
+   not stop until it fills the pipe buffer due to lack of SIGPIPE.
+
+ * The documentation for "git clean" has been corrected; it mentioned
+   that .git/modules/* are removed by giving two "-f", which has never
+   been the case.
+
+ * The vimdiff backend for "git mergetool" has been tweaked to arrange
+   and number buffers in the order that would match the expectation of
+   majority of people who read left to right, then top down and assign
+   buffers 1 2 3 4 "mentally" to local base remote merge windows based
+   on that order.
+
+ * "git show 'HEAD:Foo[BAR]Baz'" did not interpret the argument as a
+   rev, i.e. the object named by the the pathname with wildcard
+   characters in a tree object.
+   (merge aac4fac nd/dwim-wildcards-as-pathspecs later to maint).
+
+ * "git rev-parse --git-common-dir" used in the worktree feature
+   misbehaved when run from a subdirectory.
+   (merge 17f1365 nd/git-common-dir-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git worktree add -B <branchname>" did not work.
+
+ * The "v(iew)" subcommand of the interactive "git am -i" command was
+   broken in 2.6.0 timeframe when the command was rewritten in C.
+   (merge 708b8cc jc/am-i-v-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git merge-tree" used to mishandle "both sides added" conflict with
+   its own "create a fake ancestor file that has the common parts of
+   what both sides have added and do a 3-way merge" logic; this has
+   been updated to use the usual "3-way merge with an empty blob as
+   the fake common ancestor file" approach used in the rest of the
+   system.
+   (merge 907681e jk/no-diff-emit-common later to maint).
+
+ * The memory ownership rule of fill_textconv() API, which was a bit
+   tricky, has been documented a bit better.
+   (merge a64e6a4 jk/more-comments-on-textconv later to maint).
+
+ * Update various codepaths to avoid manually-counted malloc().
+   (merge 08c95df jk/tighten-alloc later to maint).
+
+ * The documentation did not clearly state that the 'simple' mode is
+   now the default for "git push" when push.default configuration is
+   not set.
+   (merge f6b1fb3 mm/push-simple-doc later to maint).
+
+ * Recent versions of GNU grep are pickier when their input contains
+   arbitrary binary data, which some of our tests uses.  Rewrite the
+   tests to sidestep the problem.
+   (merge 3b1442d jk/grep-binary-workaround-in-test later to maint).
+
+ * A helper function "git submodule" uses since v2.7.0 to list the
+   modules that match the pathspec argument given to its subcommands
+   (e.g. "submodule add <repo> <path>") has been fixed.
+   (merge 2b56bb7 sb/submodule-module-list-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git config section.var value" to set a value in per-repository
+   configuration file failed when it was run outside any repository,
+   but didn't say the reason correctly.
+   (merge 638fa62 js/config-set-in-non-repository later to maint).
+
+ * The code to read the pack data using the offsets stored in the pack
+   idx file has been made more carefully check the validity of the
+   data in the idx.
+   (merge 7465feb jk/pack-idx-corruption-safety later to maint).
+
+ * Other minor clean-ups and documentation updates
+   (merge f459823 ak/extract-argv0-last-dir-sep later to maint).
+   (merge 63ca1c0 ak/git-strip-extension-from-dashed-command later to maint).
+   (merge 4867f11 ps/plug-xdl-merge-leak later to maint).
+   (merge 4938686 dt/initial-ref-xn-commit-doc later to maint).
+   (merge 9537f21 ma/update-hooks-sample-typofix later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef6d80b008
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Git v2.8.1 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.8
+----------------
+
+ * "make rpmbuild" target was broken as its input, git.spec.in, was
+   not updated to match a file it describes that has been renamed
+   recently.  This has been fixed.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..447b1933a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+Git v2.8.2 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.8.1
+------------------
+
+ * The embedded args argv-array in the child process is used to build
+   the command line to run pack-objects instead of using a separate
+   array of strings.
+
+ * Bunch of tests on "git clone" has been renumbered for better
+   organization.
+
+ * The tests that involve running httpd leaked the system-wide
+   configuration in /etc/gitconfig to the tested environment.
+
+ * "index-pack --keep=<msg>" was broken since v2.1.0 timeframe.
+
+ * "git config --get-urlmatch", unlike other variants of the "git
+   config --get" family, did not signal error with its exit status
+   when there was no matching configuration.
+
+ * The "--local-env-vars" and "--resolve-git-dir" options of "git
+   rev-parse" failed to work outside a repository when the command's
+   option parsing was rewritten in 1.8.5 era.
+
+ * Fetching of history by naming a commit object name directly didn't
+   work across remote-curl transport.
+
+ * A small memory leak in an error codepath has been plugged in xdiff
+   code.
+
+ * strbuf_getwholeline() did not NUL-terminate the buffer on certain
+   corner cases in its error codepath.
+
+ * The startup_info data, which records if we are working inside a
+   repository (among other things), are now uniformly available to Git
+   subcommand implementations, and Git avoids attempting to touch
+   references when we are not in a repository.
+
+ * "git mergetool" did not work well with conflicts that both sides
+   deleted.
+
+ * "git send-email" had trouble parsing alias file in mailrc format
+   when lines in it had trailing whitespaces on them.
+
+ * When "git merge --squash" stopped due to conflict, the concluding
+   "git commit" failed to read in the SQUASH_MSG that shows the log
+   messages from all the squashed commits.
+
+ * "git merge FETCH_HEAD" dereferenced NULL pointer when merging
+   nothing into an unborn history (which is arguably unusual usage,
+   which perhaps was the reason why nobody noticed it).
+
+ * Build updates for MSVC.
+
+ * "git diff -M" used to work better when two originally identical
+   files A and B got renamed to X/A and X/B by pairing A to X/A and B
+   to X/B, but this was broken in the 2.0 timeframe.
+
+ * "git send-pack --all <there>" was broken when its command line
+   option parsing was written in the 2.6 timeframe.
+
+ * When running "git blame $path" with unnormalized data in the index
+   for the path, the data in the working tree was blamed, even though
+   "git add" would not have changed what is already in the index, due
+   to "safe crlf" that disables the line-end conversion.  It has been
+   corrected.
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fedd9968e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+Git v2.8.3 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.8.2
+------------------
+
+ * "git send-email" now uses a more readable timestamps when
+   formulating a message ID.
+
+ * The repository set-up sequence has been streamlined (the biggest
+   change is that there is no longer git_config_early()), so that we
+   do not attempt to look into refs/* when we know we do not have a
+   Git repository.
+
+ * When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -d" allowed
+   deletion of a branch that is checked out in another worktree
+
+ * When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -m" renamed a
+   branch that is checked out in another worktree without adjusting
+   the HEAD symbolic ref for the worktree.
+
+ * "git format-patch --help" showed `-s` and `--no-patch` as if these
+   are valid options to the command.  We already hide `--patch` option
+   from the documentation, because format-patch is about showing the
+   diff, and the documentation now hides these options as well.
+
+ * A change back in version 2.7 to "git branch" broke display of a
+   symbolic ref in a non-standard place in the refs/ hierarchy (we
+   expect symbolic refs to appear in refs/remotes/*/HEAD to point at
+   the primary branch the remote has, and as .git/HEAD to point at the
+   branch we locally checked out).
+
+ * A partial rewrite of "git submodule" in the 2.7 timeframe changed
+   the way the gitdir: pointer in the submodules point at the real
+   repository location to use absolute paths by accident.  This has
+   been corrected.
+
+ * "git commit" misbehaved in a few minor ways when an empty message
+   is given via -m '', all of which has been corrected.
+
+ * Support for CRAM-MD5 authentication method in "git imap-send" did
+   not work well.
+
+ * The socks5:// proxy support added back in 2.6.4 days was not aware
+   that socks5h:// proxies behave differently.
+
+ * "git config" had a codepath that tried to pass a NULL to
+   printf("%s"), which nobody seems to have noticed.
+
+ * On Cygwin, object creation uses the "create a temporary and then
+   rename it to the final name" pattern, not "create a temporary,
+   hardlink it to the final name and then unlink the temporary"
+   pattern.
+
+   This is necessary to use Git on Windows shared directories, and is
+   already enabled for the MinGW and plain Windows builds.  It also
+   has been used in Cygwin packaged versions of Git for quite a while.
+   See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/291853
+   and http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/275680.
+
+ * "git replace -e" did not honour "core.editor" configuration.
+
+ * Upcoming OpenSSL 1.1.0 will break compilation b updating a few APIs
+   we use in imap-send, which has been adjusted for the change.
+
+ * "git submodule" reports the paths of submodules the command
+   recurses into, but this was incorrect when the command was not run
+   from the root level of the superproject.
+
+ * The test scripts for "git p4" (but not "git p4" implementation
+   itself) has been updated so that they would work even on a system
+   where the installed version of Python is python 3.
+
+ * The "user.useConfigOnly" configuration variable makes it an error
+   if users do not explicitly set user.name and user.email.  However,
+   its check was not done early enough and allowed another error to
+   trigger, reporting that the default value we guessed from the
+   system setting was unusable.  This was a suboptimal end-user
+   experience as we want the users to set user.name/user.email without
+   relying on the auto-detection at all.
+
+ * "git mv old new" did not adjust the path for a submodule that lives
+   as a subdirectory inside old/ directory correctly.
+
+ * "git push" from a corrupt repository that attempts to push a large
+   number of refs deadlocked; the thread to relay rejection notices
+   for these ref updates blocked on writing them to the main thread,
+   after the main thread at the receiving end notices that the push
+   failed and decides not to read these notices and return a failure.
+
+ * A question by "git send-email" to ask the identity of the sender
+   has been updated.
+
+ * Recent update to Git LFS broke "git p4" by changing the output from
+   its "lfs pointer" subcommand.
+
+ * Some multi-byte encoding can have a backslash byte as a later part
+   of one letter, which would confuse "highlight" filter used in
+   gitweb.
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4e2552836
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+Git v2.8.4 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.8.3
+------------------
+
+ * Documentation for "git merge --verify-signatures" has been updated
+   to clarify that the signature of only the commit at the tip is
+   verified.  Also the phrasing used for signature and key validity is
+   adjusted to align with that used by OpenPGP.
+
+ * On Windows, .git and optionally any files whose name starts with a
+   dot are now marked as hidden, with a core.hideDotFiles knob to
+   customize this behaviour.
+
+ * Portability enhancement for "rebase -i" to help platforms whose
+   shell does not like "for i in <empty>" (which is not POSIX-kosher).
+
+ * "git fsck" learned to catch NUL byte in a commit object as
+   potential error and warn.
+
+ * CI test was taught to build documentation pages.
+
+ * Many 'linkgit:<git documentation page>' references were broken,
+   which are all fixed with this.
+
+ * "git describe --contains" often made a hard-to-justify choice of
+   tag to give name to a given commit, because it tried to come up
+   with a name with smallest number of hops from a tag, causing an old
+   commit whose close descendant that is recently tagged were not
+   described with respect to an old tag but with a newer tag.  It did
+   not help that its computation of "hop" count was further tweaked to
+   penalize being on a side branch of a merge.  The logic has been
+   updated to favor using the tag with the oldest tagger date, which
+   is a lot easier to explain to the end users: "We describe a commit
+   in terms of the (chronologically) oldest tag that contains the
+   commit."
+
+ * Running tests with '-x' option to trace the individual command
+   executions is a useful way to debug test scripts, but some tests
+   that capture the standard error stream and check what the command
+   said can be broken with the trace output mixed in.  When running
+   our tests under "bash", however, we can redirect the trace output
+   to another file descriptor to keep the standard error of programs
+   being tested intact.
+
+ * "http.cookieFile" configuration variable clearly wants a pathname,
+   but we forgot to treat it as such by e.g. applying tilde expansion.
+
+ * When de-initialising all submodules, "git submodule deinit" gave a
+   faulty recommendation to use "git submodule deinit .", which would
+   result in a strange error message in a pathological corner case.
+   This has been corrected to suggest "submodule deinit --all" instead.
+
+ * Many commands normalize command line arguments from NFD to NFC
+   variant of UTF-8 on OSX, but commands in the "diff" family did
+   not, causing "git diff $path" to complain that no such path is
+   known to Git.  They have been taught to do the normalization.
+
+ * A couple of bugs around core.autocrlf have been fixed.
+
+ * "git difftool" learned to handle unmerged paths correctly in
+   dir-diff mode.
+
+ * The "are we talking with TTY, doing an interactive session?"
+   detection has been updated to work better for "Git for Windows".
+
+
+Also contains other minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7bd179fa12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Git v2.8.5 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.8.4
+------------------
+
+ * "git-shell" rejects a request to serve a repository whose name
+   begins with a dash, which makes it no longer possible to get it
+   confused into spawning service programs like "git-upload-pack" with
+   an option like "--help", which in turn would spawn an interactive
+   pager, instead of working with the repository user asked to access
+   (i.e. the one whose name is "--help").
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d8db55d920
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Git v2.8.6 Release Notes
+========================
+
+This release forward-ports the fix for "ssh://..." URL from Git v2.7.6
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b61d36712f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,512 @@
+Git 2.9 Release Notes
+=====================
+
+Backward compatibility notes
+----------------------------
+
+The end-user facing Porcelain level commands in the "git diff" and
+"git log" family by default enable the rename detection; you can still
+use "diff.renames" configuration variable to disable this.
+
+Merging two branches that have no common ancestor with "git merge" is
+by default forbidden now to prevent creating such an unusual merge by
+mistake.
+
+The output formats of "git log" that indents the commit log message by
+4 spaces now expands HT in the log message by default.  You can use
+the "--no-expand-tabs" option to disable this.
+
+"git commit-tree" plumbing command required the user to always sign
+its result when the user sets the commit.gpgsign configuration
+variable, which was an ancient mistake, which this release corrects.
+A script that drives commit-tree, if it relies on this mistake, now
+needs to read commit.gpgsign and pass the -S option as necessary.
+
+
+Updates since v2.8
+------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * Comes with git-multimail 1.3.1 (in contrib/).
+
+ * The end-user facing commands like "git diff" and "git log"
+   now enable the rename detection by default.
+
+ * The credential.helper configuration variable is cumulative and
+   there is no good way to override it from the command line.  As
+   a special case, giving an empty string as its value now serves
+   as the signal to clear the values specified in various files.
+
+ * A new "interactive.diffFilter" configuration can be used to
+   customize the diff shown in "git add -i" sessions.
+
+ * "git p4" now allows P4 author names to be mapped to Git author
+   names.
+
+ * "git rebase -x" can be used without passing "-i" option.
+
+ * "git -c credential.<var>=<value> submodule" can now be used to
+   propagate configuration variables related to credential helper
+   down to the submodules.
+
+ * "git tag" can create an annotated tag without explicitly given an
+   "-a" (or "-s") option (i.e. when a tag message is given).  A new
+   configuration variable, tag.forceSignAnnotated, can be used to tell
+   the command to create signed tag in such a situation.
+
+ * "git merge" used to allow merging two branches that have no common
+   base by default, which led to a brand new history of an existing
+   project created and then get pulled by an unsuspecting maintainer,
+   which allowed an unnecessary parallel history merged into the
+   existing project.  The command has been taught not to allow this by
+   default, with an escape hatch "--allow-unrelated-histories" option
+   to be used in a rare event that merges histories of two projects
+   that started their lives independently.
+
+ * "git pull" has been taught to pass the "--allow-unrelated-histories"
+   option to underlying "git merge".
+
+ * "git apply -v" learned to report paths in the patch that were
+   skipped via --include/--exclude mechanism or being outside the
+   current working directory.
+
+ * Shell completion (in contrib/) updates.
+
+ * The commit object name reported when "rebase -i" stops has been
+   shortened.
+
+ * "git worktree add" can be given "--no-checkout" option to only
+   create an empty worktree without checking out the files.
+
+ * "git mergetools" learned to drive ExamDiff.
+
+ * "git pull --rebase" learned "--[no-]autostash" option, so that
+   the rebase.autostash configuration variable set to true can be
+   overridden from the command line.
+
+ * When "git log" shows the log message indented by 4-spaces, the
+   remainder of a line after a HT does not align in the way the author
+   originally intended.  The command now expands tabs by default to help
+   such a case, and allows the users to override it with a new option,
+   "--no-expand-tabs".
+
+ * "git send-email" now uses a more readable timestamps when
+   formulating a message ID.
+
+ * "git rerere" can encounter two or more files with the same conflict
+   signature that have to be resolved in different ways, but there was
+   no way to record these separate resolutions.
+
+ * "git p4" learned to record P4 jobs in Git commit that imports from
+   the history in Perforce.
+
+ * "git describe --contains" often made a hard-to-justify choice of
+   tag to name a given commit, because it tried to come up
+   with a name with smallest number of hops from a tag, causing an old
+   commit whose close descendant that is recently tagged were not
+   described with respect to an old tag but with a newer tag.  It did
+   not help that its computation of "hop" count was further tweaked to
+   penalize being on a side branch of a merge.  The logic has been
+   updated to favor using the tag with the oldest tagger date, which
+   is a lot easier to explain to the end users: "We describe a commit
+   in terms of the (chronologically) oldest tag that contains the
+   commit."
+
+ * "git clone" learned the "--shallow-submodules" option.
+
+ * HTTP transport clients learned to throw extra HTTP headers at the
+   server, specified via http.extraHeader configuration variable.
+
+ * The "--compaction-heuristic" option to "git diff" family of
+   commands enables a heuristic to make the patch output more readable
+   by using a blank line as a strong hint that the contents before and
+   after it belong to logically separate units.  It is still
+   experimental.
+
+ * A new configuration variable core.hooksPath allows customizing
+   where the hook directory is.
+
+ * An earlier addition of "sanitize_submodule_env" with 14111fc4 (git:
+   submodule honor -c credential.* from command line, 2016-02-29)
+   turned out to be a convoluted no-op; implement what it wanted to do
+   correctly, and stop filtering settings given via "git -c var=val".
+
+ * "git commit --dry-run" reported "No, no, you cannot commit." in one
+   case where "git commit" would have allowed you to commit, and this
+   improves it a little bit ("git commit --dry-run --short" still does
+   not give you the correct answer, for example).  This is a stop-gap
+   measure in that "commit --short --dry-run" still gives an incorrect
+   result.
+
+ * The experimental "multiple worktree" feature gains more safety to
+   forbid operations on a branch that is checked out or being actively
+   worked on elsewhere, by noticing that e.g. it is being rebased.
+
+ * "git format-patch" learned a new "--base" option to record what
+   (public, well-known) commit the original series was built on in
+   its output.
+
+ * "git commit" learned to pay attention to the "commit.verbose"
+   configuration variable and act as if the "--verbose" option
+   was given from the command line.
+
+ * Updated documentation gives hints to GMail users with two-factor
+   auth enabled that they need app-specific-password when using
+   "git send-email".
+
+ * The manpage output of our documentation did not render well in
+   terminal; typeset literals in bold by default to make them stand
+   out more.
+
+ * The mark-up in the top-level README.md file has been updated to
+   typeset CLI command names differently from the body text.
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
+
+ * The embedded args argv-array in the child process is used to build
+   the command line to run pack-objects instead of using a separate
+   array of strings.
+
+ * A test for tags has been restructured so that more parts of it can
+   easily be run on a platform without a working GnuPG.
+
+ * The startup_info data, which records if we are working inside a
+   repository (among other things), are now uniformly available to Git
+   subcommand implementations, and Git avoids attempting to touch
+   references when we are not in a repository.
+
+ * The command line argument parser for "receive-pack" has been
+   rewritten to use parse-options.
+
+ * A major part of "git submodule update" has been ported to C to take
+   advantage of the recently added framework to run download tasks in
+   parallel.  Other updates to "git submodule" that move pieces of
+   logic to C continues.
+
+ * Rename bunch of tests on "git clone" for better organization.
+
+ * The tests that involve running httpd leaked the system-wide
+   configuration in /etc/gitconfig to the tested environment.
+
+ * Build updates for MSVC.
+
+ * The repository set-up sequence has been streamlined (the biggest
+   change is that there is no longer git_config_early()), so that we
+   do not attempt to look into refs/* when we know we do not have a
+   Git repository.
+
+ * Code restructuring around the "refs" API to prepare for pluggable
+   refs backends.
+
+ * Sources to many test helper binaries and the generated helpers
+   have been moved to t/helper/ subdirectory to reduce clutter at the
+   top level of the tree.
+
+ * Unify internal logic between "git tag -v" and "git verify-tag"
+   commands by making one directly call into the other.
+
+ * "merge-recursive" strategy incorrectly checked if a path that is
+   involved in its internal merge exists in the working tree.
+
+ * The test scripts for "git p4" (but not "git p4" implementation
+   itself) has been updated so that they would work even on a system
+   where the installed version of Python is python 3.
+
+ * As nobody maintains our in-tree git.spec.in and distros use their
+   own spec file, we stopped pretending that we support "make rpm".
+
+ * Move from "unsigned char[20]" to "struct object_id" continues.
+
+ * The code for warning_errno/die_errno has been refactored and a new
+   error_errno() reporting helper is introduced.
+   (merge 1da045f nd/error-errno later to maint).
+
+ * Running tests with '-x' option to trace the individual command
+   executions is a useful way to debug test scripts, but some tests
+   that capture the standard error stream and check what the command
+   said can be broken with the trace output mixed in.  When running
+   our tests under "bash", however, we can redirect the trace output
+   to another file descriptor to keep the standard error of programs
+   being tested intact.
+
+ * t0040 had too many unnecessary repetitions in its test data.  Teach
+   test-parse-options program so that a caller can tell what it
+   expects in its output, so that these repetitions can be cleaned up.
+
+ * Add perf test for "rebase -i".
+
+ * Common mistakes when writing gitlink: in our documentation are
+   found by "make check-docs".
+
+ * t9xxx series has been updated primarily for readability, while
+   fixing small bugs in it.  A few scripted Porcelain commands have
+   also been updated to fix possible bugs around their use of
+   "test -z" and "test -n".
+
+ * CI test was taught to run git-svn tests.
+
+ * "git cat-file --batch-all" has been sped up, by taking advantage
+   of the fact that it does not have to read a list of objects, in two
+   ways.
+
+ * test updates to make it more readable and maintainable.
+   (merge e6273f4 es/t1500-modernize later to maint).
+
+ * "make DEVELOPER=1" worked as expected; setting DEVELOPER=1 in
+   config.mak didn't.
+   (merge 51dd3e8 mm/makefile-developer-can-be-in-config-mak later to maint).
+
+ * The way how "submodule--helper list" signals unmatch error to its
+   callers has been updated.
+
+ * A bash-ism "local" has been removed from "git submodule" scripted
+   Porcelain.
+
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v2.8
+----------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.8 in the maintenance
+track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
+notes for details).
+
+ * "git config --get-urlmatch", unlike other variants of the "git
+   config --get" family, did not signal error with its exit status
+   when there was no matching configuration.
+
+ * The "--local-env-vars" and "--resolve-git-dir" options of "git
+   rev-parse" failed to work outside a repository when the command's
+   option parsing was rewritten in 1.8.5 era.
+
+ * "git index-pack --keep[=<msg>] pack-$name.pack" simply did not work.
+
+ * Fetching of history by naming a commit object name directly didn't
+   work across remote-curl transport.
+
+ * A small memory leak in an error codepath has been plugged in xdiff
+   code.
+
+ * strbuf_getwholeline() did not NUL-terminate the buffer on certain
+   corner cases in its error codepath.
+
+ * "git mergetool" did not work well with conflicts that both sides
+   deleted.
+
+ * "git send-email" had trouble parsing alias file in mailrc format
+   when lines in it had trailing whitespaces on them.
+
+ * When "git merge --squash" stopped due to conflict, the concluding
+   "git commit" failed to read in the SQUASH_MSG that shows the log
+   messages from all the squashed commits.
+
+ * "git merge FETCH_HEAD" dereferenced NULL pointer when merging
+   nothing into an unborn history (which is arguably unusual usage,
+   which perhaps was the reason why nobody noticed it).
+
+ * When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -d" allowed
+   deletion of a branch that is checked out in another worktree,
+   which was wrong.
+
+ * When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -m" renamed a
+   branch that is checked out in another worktree without adjusting
+   the HEAD symbolic ref for the worktree.
+
+ * "git diff -M" used to work better when two originally identical
+   files A and B got renamed to X/A and X/B by pairing A to X/A and B
+   to X/B, but this was broken in the 2.0 timeframe.
+
+ * "git send-pack --all <there>" was broken when its command line
+   option parsing was written in the 2.6 timeframe.
+
+ * "git format-patch --help" showed `-s` and `--no-patch` as if these
+   are valid options to the command.  We already hide `--patch` option
+   from the documentation, because format-patch is about showing the
+   diff, and the documentation now hides these options as well.
+
+ * When running "git blame $path" with unnormalized data in the index
+   for the path, the data in the working tree was blamed, even though
+   "git add" would not have changed what is already in the index, due
+   to "safe crlf" that disables the line-end conversion.  It has been
+   corrected.
+
+ * A change back in version 2.7 to "git branch" broke display of a
+   symbolic ref in a non-standard place in the refs/ hierarchy (we
+   expect symbolic refs to appear in refs/remotes/*/HEAD to point at
+   the primary branch the remote has, and as .git/HEAD to point at the
+   branch we locally checked out).
+
+ * A partial rewrite of "git submodule" in the 2.7 timeframe changed
+   the way the gitdir: pointer in the submodules point at the real
+   repository location to use absolute paths by accident.  This has
+   been corrected.
+
+ * "git commit" misbehaved in a few minor ways when an empty message
+   is given via -m '', all of which has been corrected.
+
+ * Support for CRAM-MD5 authentication method in "git imap-send" did
+   not work well.
+
+ * Upcoming OpenSSL 1.1.0 will break compilation by updating a few API
+   elements we use in imap-send, which has been adjusted for the change.
+
+ * The socks5:// proxy support added back in 2.6.4 days was not aware
+   that socks5h:// proxies behave differently from socks5:// proxies.
+
+ * "git config" had a codepath that tried to pass a NULL to
+   printf("%s"), which nobody seems to have noticed.
+
+ * On Cygwin, object creation uses the "create a temporary and then
+   rename it to the final name" pattern, not "create a temporary,
+   hardlink it to the final name and then unlink the temporary"
+   pattern.
+
+   This is necessary to use Git on Windows shared directories, and is
+   already enabled for the MinGW and plain Windows builds.  It also
+   has been used in Cygwin packaged versions of Git for quite a while.
+   See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/291853
+
+ * "merge-octopus" strategy did not ensure that the index is clean
+   when merge begins.
+
+ * When "git merge" notices that the merge can be resolved purely at
+   the tree level (without having to merge blobs) and the resulting
+   tree happens to already exist in the object store, it forgot to
+   update the index, which left an inconsistent state that would
+   break later operations.
+
+ * "git submodule" reports the paths of submodules the command
+   recurses into, but these paths were incorrectly reported when
+   the command was not run from the root level of the superproject.
+
+ * The "user.useConfigOnly" configuration variable makes it an error
+   if users do not explicitly set user.name and user.email.  However,
+   its check was not done early enough and allowed another error to
+   trigger, reporting that the default value we guessed from the
+   system setting was unusable.  This was a suboptimal end-user
+   experience as we want the users to set user.name/user.email without
+   relying on the auto-detection at all.
+
+ * "git mv old new" did not adjust the path for a submodule that lives
+   as a subdirectory inside old/ directory correctly.
+
+ * "git replace -e" did not honour "core.editor" configuration.
+
+ * "git push" from a corrupt repository that attempts to push a large
+   number of refs deadlocked; the thread to relay rejection notices
+   for these ref updates blocked on writing them to the main thread,
+   after the main thread at the receiving end notices that the push
+   failed and decides not to read these notices and return a failure.
+
+ * mmap emulation on Windows has been optimized and work better without
+   consuming paging store when not needed.
+
+ * A question by "git send-email" to ask the identity of the sender
+   has been updated.
+
+ * UI consistency improvements for "git mergetool".
+
+ * "git rebase -m" could be asked to rebase an entire branch starting
+   from the root, but failed by assuming that there always is a parent
+   commit to the first commit on the branch.
+
+ * Fix a broken "p4 lfs" test.
+
+ * Recent update to Git LFS broke "git p4" by changing the output from
+   its "lfs pointer" subcommand.
+
+ * "git fetch" test t5510 was flaky while running a (forced) automagic
+   garbage collection.
+
+ * Documentation updates to help contributors setting up Travis CI
+   test for their patches.
+
+ * Some multi-byte encoding can have a backslash byte as a later part
+   of one letter, which would confuse "highlight" filter used in
+   gitweb.
+
+ * "git commit-tree" plumbing command required the user to always sign
+   its result when the user sets the commit.gpgsign configuration
+   variable, which was an ancient mistake.  Rework "git rebase" that
+   relied on this mistake so that it reads commit.gpgsign and pass (or
+   not pass) the -S option to "git commit-tree" to keep the end-user
+   expectation the same, while teaching "git commit-tree" to ignore
+   the configuration variable.  This will stop requiring the users to
+   sign commit objects used internally as an implementation detail of
+   "git stash".
+
+ * "http.cookieFile" configuration variable clearly wants a pathname,
+   but we forgot to treat it as such by e.g. applying tilde expansion.
+
+ * Consolidate description of tilde-expansion that is done to
+   configuration variables that take pathname to a single place.
+
+ * Correct faulty recommendation to use "git submodule deinit ." when
+   de-initialising all submodules, which would result in a strange
+   error message in a pathological corner case.
+
+ * Many 'linkgit:<git documentation page>' references were broken,
+   which are all fixed with this.
+
+ * "git rerere" can get confused by conflict markers deliberately left
+   by the inner merge step, because they are indistinguishable from
+   the real conflict markers left by the outermost merge which are
+   what the end user and "rerere" need to look at.  This was fixed by
+   making the conflict markers left by the inner merges a bit longer.
+   (merge 0f9fd5c jc/ll-merge-internal later to maint).
+
+ * CI test was taught to build documentation pages.
+
+ * "git fsck" learned to catch NUL byte in a commit object as
+   potential error and warn.
+
+ * Portability enhancement for "rebase -i" to help platforms whose
+   shell does not like "for i in <empty>" (which is not POSIX-kosher).
+
+ * On Windows, .git and optionally any files whose name starts with a
+   dot are now marked as hidden, with a core.hideDotFiles knob to
+   customize this behaviour.
+
+ * Documentation for "git merge --verify-signatures" has been updated
+   to clarify that the signature of only the commit at the tip is
+   verified.  Also the phrasing used for signature and key validity is
+   adjusted to align with that used by OpenPGP.
+
+ * A couple of bugs around core.autocrlf have been fixed.
+
+ * Many commands normalize command line arguments from NFD to NFC
+   variant of UTF-8 on OSX, but commands in the "diff" family did
+   not, causing "git diff $path" to complain that no such path is
+   known to Git.  They have been taught to do the normalization.
+
+ * "git difftool" learned to handle unmerged paths correctly in
+   dir-diff mode.
+
+ * The "are we talking with TTY, doing an interactive session?"
+   detection has been updated to work better for "Git for Windows".
+
+ * We forgot to add "git log --decorate=auto" to documentation when we
+   added the feature back in v2.1.0 timeframe.
+   (merge 462cbb4 rj/log-decorate-auto later to maint).
+
+ * "git fast-import --export-marks" would overwrite the existing marks
+   file even when it makes a dump from its custom die routine.
+   Prevent it from doing so when we have an import-marks file but
+   haven't finished reading it.
+   (merge f4beed6 fc/fast-import-broken-marks-file later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase -i", after it fails to auto-resolve the conflict, had
+   an unnecessary call to "git rerere" from its very early days, which
+   was spotted recently; the call has been removed.
+   (merge 7063693 js/rebase-i-dedup-call-to-rerere later to maint).
+
+ * Other minor clean-ups and documentation updates
+   (merge cd82b7a pa/cherry-pick-doc-typo later to maint).
+   (merge 2bb73ae rs/patch-id-use-skip-prefix later to maint).
+   (merge aa20cbc rs/apply-name-terminate later to maint).
+   (merge fe17fc0 jc/t2300-setup later to maint).
+   (merge e256eec jk/shell-portability later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..338394097e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+Git v2.9.1 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.9
+----------------
+
+ * When "git daemon" is run without --[init-]timeout specified, a
+   connection from a client that silently goes offline can hang around
+   for a long time, wasting resources.  The socket-level KEEPALIVE has
+   been enabled to allow the OS to notice such failed connections.
+
+ * The commands in `git log` family take %C(auto) in a custom format
+   string.  This unconditionally turned the color on, ignoring
+   --no-color or with --color=auto when the output is not connected to
+   a tty; this was corrected to make the format truly behave as
+   "auto".
+
+ * "git rev-list --count" whose walk-length is limited with "-n"
+   option did not work well with the counting optimized to look at the
+   bitmap index.
+
+ * "git show -W" (extend hunks to cover the entire function, delimited
+   by lines that match the "funcname" pattern) used to show the entire
+   file when a change added an entire function at the end of the file,
+   which has been fixed.
+
+ * The documentation set has been updated so that literal commands,
+   configuration variables and environment variables are consistently
+   typeset in fixed-width font and bold in manpages.
+
+ * "git svn propset" subcommand that was added in 2.3 days is
+   documented now.
+
+ * The documentation tries to consistently spell "GPG"; when
+   referring to the specific program name, "gpg" is used.
+
+ * "git reflog" stopped upon seeing an entry that denotes a branch
+   creation event (aka "unborn"), which made it appear as if the
+   reflog was truncated.
+
+ * The git-prompt scriptlet (in contrib/) was not friendly with those
+   who uses "set -u", which has been fixed.
+
+ * A codepath that used alloca(3) to place an unbounded amount of data
+   on the stack has been updated to avoid doing so.
+
+ * "git update-index --add --chmod=+x file" may be usable as an escape
+   hatch, but not a friendly thing to force for people who do need to
+   use it regularly.  "git add --chmod=+x file" can be used instead.
+
+ * Build improvements for gnome-keyring (in contrib/)
+
+ * "git status" used to say "working directory" when it meant "working
+   tree".
+
+ * Comments about misbehaving FreeBSD shells have been clarified with
+   the version number (9.x and before are broken, newer ones are OK).
+
+ * "git cherry-pick A" worked on an unborn branch, but "git
+   cherry-pick A..B" didn't.
+
+ * "git add -i/-p" learned to honor diff.compactionHeuristic
+   experimental knob, so that the user can work on the same hunk split
+   as "git diff" output.
+
+ * "log --graph --format=" learned that "%>|(N)" specifies the width
+   relative to the terminal's left edge, not relative to the area to
+   draw text that is to the right of the ancestry-graph section.  It
+   also now accepts negative N that means the column limit is relative
+   to the right border.
+
+ * The ownership rule for the piece of memory that hold references to
+   be fetched in "git fetch" was screwy, which has been cleaned up.
+
+ * "git bisect" makes an internal call to "git diff-tree" when
+   bisection finds the culprit, but this call did not initialize the
+   data structure to pass to the diff-tree API correctly.
+
+ * Formats of the various data (and how to validate them) where we use
+   GPG signature have been documented.
+
+ * Fix an unintended regression in v2.9 that breaks "clone --depth"
+   that recurses down to submodules by forcing the submodules to also
+   be cloned shallowly, which many server instances that host upstream
+   of the submodules are not prepared for.
+
+ * Fix unnecessarily waste in the idiomatic use of ': ${VAR=default}'
+   to set the default value, without enclosing it in double quotes.
+
+ * Some platform-specific code had non-ANSI strict declarations of C
+   functions that do not take any parameters, which has been
+   corrected.
+
+ * The internal code used to show local timezone offset is not
+   prepared to handle timestamps beyond year 2100, and gave a
+   bogus offset value to the caller.  Use a more benign looking
+   +0000 instead and let "git log" going in such a case, instead
+   of aborting.
+
+ * One among four invocations of readlink(1) in our test suite has
+   been rewritten so that the test can run on systems without the
+   command (others are in valgrind test framework and t9802).
+
+ * t/perf needs /usr/bin/time with GNU extension; the invocation of it
+   is updated to "gtime" on Darwin.
+
+ * A bug, which caused "git p4" while running under verbose mode to
+   report paths that are omitted due to branch prefix incorrectly, has
+   been fixed; the command said "Ignoring file outside of prefix" for
+   paths that are _inside_.
+
+ * The top level documentation "git help git" still pointed at the
+   documentation set hosted at now-defunct google-code repository.
+   Update it to point to https://git.github.io/htmldocs/git.html
+   instead.
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2620003dcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Git v2.9.2 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.9.1
+------------------
+
+ * A fix merged to v2.9.1 had a few tests that are not meant to be
+   run on platforms without 64-bit long, which caused unnecessary
+   test failures on them because we didn't detect the platform and
+   skip them.  These tests are now skipped on platforms that they
+   are not applicable to.
+
+No other change is included in this update.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..695b86f612
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+Git v2.9.3 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.9.2
+------------------
+
+ * A helper function that takes the contents of a commit object and
+   finds its subject line did not ignore leading blank lines, as is
+   commonly done by other codepaths.  Make it ignore leading blank
+   lines to match.
+
+ * Git does not know what the contents in the index should be for a
+   path added with "git add -N" yet, so "git grep --cached" should not
+   show hits (or show lack of hits, with -L) in such a path, but that
+   logic does not apply to "git grep", i.e. searching in the working
+   tree files.  But we did so by mistake, which has been corrected.
+
+ * "git rebase -i --autostash" did not restore the auto-stashed change
+   when the operation was aborted.
+
+ * "git commit --amend --allow-empty-message -S" for a commit without
+   any message body could have misidentified where the header of the
+   commit object ends.
+
+ * More mark-up updates to typeset strings that are expected to
+   literally typed by the end user in fixed-width font.
+
+ * For a long time, we carried an in-code comment that said our
+   colored output would work only when we use fprintf/fputs on
+   Windows, which no longer is the case for the past few years.
+
+ * "gc.autoPackLimit" when set to 1 should not trigger a repacking
+   when there is only one pack, but the code counted poorly and did
+   so.
+
+ * One part of "git am" had an oddball helper function that called
+   stuff from outside "his" as opposed to calling what we have "ours",
+   which was not gender-neutral and also inconsistent with the rest of
+   the system where outside stuff is usuall called "theirs" in
+   contrast to "ours".
+
+ * The test framework learned a new helper test_match_signal to
+   check an exit code from getting killed by an expected signal.
+
+ * "git blame -M" missed a single line that was moved within the file.
+
+ * Fix recently introduced codepaths that are involved in parallel
+   submodule operations, which gave up on reading too early, and
+   could have wasted CPU while attempting to write under a corner
+   case condition.
+
+ * "git grep -i" has been taught to fold case in non-ascii locales
+   correctly.
+
+ * A test that unconditionally used "mktemp" learned that the command
+   is not necessarily available everywhere.
+
+ * "git blame file" allowed the lineage of lines in the uncommitted,
+   unadded contents of "file" to be inspected, but it refused when
+   "file" did not appear in the current commit.  When "file" was
+   created by renaming an existing file (but the change has not been
+   committed), this restriction was unnecessarily tight.
+
+ * "git add -N dir/file && git write-tree" produced an incorrect tree
+   when there are other paths in the same directory that sorts after
+   "file".
+
+ * "git fetch http://user:pass@host/repo..." scrubbed the userinfo
+   part, but "git push" didn't.
+
+ * An age old bug that caused "git diff --ignore-space-at-eol"
+   misbehave has been fixed.
+
+ * "git notes merge" had a code to see if a path exists (and fails if
+   it does) and then open the path for writing (when it doesn't).
+   Replace it with open with O_EXCL.
+
+ * "git pack-objects" and "git index-pack" mostly operate with off_t
+   when talking about the offset of objects in a packfile, but there
+   were a handful of places that used "unsigned long" to hold that
+   value, leading to an unintended truncation.
+
+ * Recent update to "git daemon" tries to enable the socket-level
+   KEEPALIVE, but when it is spawned via inetd, the standard input
+   file descriptor may not necessarily be connected to a socket.
+   Suppress an ENOTSOCK error from setsockopt().
+
+ * Recent FreeBSD stopped making perl available at /usr/bin/perl;
+   switch the default the built-in path to /usr/local/bin/perl on not
+   too ancient FreeBSD releases.
+
+ * "git status" learned to suggest "merge --abort" during a conflicted
+   merge, just like it already suggests "rebase --abort" during a
+   conflicted rebase.
+
+ * The .c/.h sources are marked as such in our .gitattributes file so
+   that "git diff -W" and friends would work better.
+
+ * Existing autoconf generated test for the need to link with pthread
+   library did not check all the functions from pthread libraries;
+   recent FreeBSD has some functions in libc but not others, and we
+   mistakenly thought linking with libc is enough when it is not.
+
+ * Allow http daemon tests in Travis CI tests.
+
+ * Users of the parse_options_concat() API function need to allocate
+   extra slots in advance and fill them with OPT_END() when they want
+   to decide the set of supported options dynamically, which makes the
+   code error-prone and hard to read.  This has been corrected by tweaking
+   the API to allocate and return a new copy of "struct option" array.
+
+ * The use of strbuf in "git rm" to build filename to remove was a bit
+   suboptimal, which has been fixed.
+
+ * "git commit --help" said "--no-verify" is only about skipping the
+   pre-commit hook, and failed to say that it also skipped the
+   commit-msg hook.
+
+ * "git merge" in Git v2.9 was taught to forbid merging an unrelated
+   lines of history by default, but that is exactly the kind of thing
+   the "--rejoin" mode of "git subtree" (in contrib/) wants to do.
+   "git subtree" has been taught to use the "--allow-unrelated-histories"
+   option to override the default.
+
+ * The build procedure for "git persistent-https" helper (in contrib/)
+   has been updated so that it can be built with more recent versions
+   of Go.
+
+ * There is an optimization used in "git diff $treeA $treeB" to borrow
+   an already checked-out copy in the working tree when it is known to
+   be the same as the blob being compared, expecting that open/mmap of
+   such a file is faster than reading it from the object store, which
+   involves inflating and applying delta.  This however kicked in even
+   when the checked-out copy needs to go through the convert-to-git
+   conversion (including the clean filter), which defeats the whole
+   point of the optimization.  The optimization has been disabled when
+   the conversion is necessary.
+
+ * "git -c grep.patternType=extended log --basic-regexp" misbehaved
+   because the internal API to access the grep machinery was not
+   designed well.
+
+ * Windows port was failing some tests in t4130, due to the lack of
+   inum in the returned values by its lstat(2) emulation.
+
+ * The characters in the label shown for tags/refs for commits in
+   "gitweb" output are now properly escaped for proper HTML output.
+
+ * FreeBSD can lie when asked mtime of a directory, which made the
+   untracked cache code to fall back to a slow-path, which in turn
+   caused tests in t7063 to fail because it wanted to verify the
+   behaviour of the fast-path.
+
+ * Squelch compiler warnings for netmalloc (in compat/) library.
+
+ * The API documentation for hashmap was unclear if hashmap_entry
+   can be safely discarded without any other consideration.  State
+   that it is safe to do so.
+
+ * Not-so-recent rewrite of "git am" that started making internal
+   calls into the commit machinery had an unintended regression, in
+   that no matter how many seconds it took to apply many patches, the
+   resulting committer timestamp for the resulting commits were all
+   the same.
+
+ * "git difftool <paths>..." started in a subdirectory failed to
+   interpret the paths relative to that directory, which has been
+   fixed.
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9768293831
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+Git v2.9.4 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.9.3
+------------------
+
+ * There are certain house-keeping tasks that need to be performed at
+   the very beginning of any Git program, and programs that are not
+   built-in commands had to do them exactly the same way as "git"
+   potty does.  It was easy to make mistakes in one-off standalone
+   programs (like test helpers).  A common "main()" function that
+   calls cmd_main() of individual program has been introduced to
+   make it harder to make mistakes.
+
+ * "git merge" with renormalization did not work well with
+   merge-recursive, due to "safer crlf" conversion kicking in when it
+   shouldn't.
+
+ * The reflog output format is documented better, and a new format
+   --date=unix to report the seconds-since-epoch (without timezone)
+   has been added.
+
+ * "git push --force-with-lease" already had enough logic to allow
+   ensuring that such a push results in creation of a ref (i.e. the
+   receiving end did not have another push from sideways that would be
+   discarded by our force-pushing), but didn't expose this possibility
+   to the users.  It does so now.
+
+ * "import-tars" fast-import script (in contrib/) used to ignore a
+   hardlink target and replaced it with an empty file, which has been
+   corrected to record the same blob as the other file the hardlink is
+   shared with.
+
+ * "git mv dir non-existing-dir/" did not work in some environments
+   the same way as existing mainstream platforms.  The code now moves
+   "dir" to "non-existing-dir", without relying on rename("A", "B/")
+   that strips the trailing slash of '/'.
+
+ * The "t/" hierarchy is prone to get an unusual pathname; "make test"
+   has been taught to make sure they do not contain paths that cannot
+   be checked out on Windows (and the mechanism can be reusable to
+   catch pathnames that are not portable to other platforms as need
+   arises).
+
+ * When "git merge-recursive" works on history with many criss-cross
+   merges in "verbose" mode, the names the command assigns to the
+   virtual merge bases could have overwritten each other by unintended
+   reuse of the same piece of memory.
+
+ * "git checkout --detach <branch>" used to give the same advice
+   message as that is issued when "git checkout <tag>" (or anything
+   that is not a branch name) is given, but asking with "--detach" is
+   an explicit enough sign that the user knows what is going on.  The
+   advice message has been squelched in this case.
+
+ * "git difftool" by default ignores the error exit from the backend
+   commands it spawns, because often they signal that they found
+   differences by exiting with a non-zero status code just like "diff"
+   does; the exit status codes 126 and above however are special in
+   that they are used to signal that the command is not executable,
+   does not exist, or killed by a signal.  "git difftool" has been
+   taught to notice these exit status codes.
+
+ * On Windows, help.browser configuration variable used to be ignored,
+   which has been corrected.
+
+ * The "git -c var[=val] cmd" facility to append a configuration
+   variable definition at the end of the search order was described in
+   git(1) manual page, but not in git-config(1), which was more likely
+   place for people to look for when they ask "can I make a one-shot
+   override, and if so how?"
+
+ * The tempfile (hence its user lockfile) API lets the caller to open
+   a file descriptor to a temporary file, write into it and then
+   finalize it by first closing the filehandle and then either
+   removing or renaming the temporary file.  When the process spawns a
+   subprocess after obtaining the file descriptor, and if the
+   subprocess has not exited when the attempt to remove or rename is
+   made, the last step fails on Windows, because the subprocess has
+   the file descriptor still open.  Open tempfile with O_CLOEXEC flag
+   to avoid this (on Windows, this is mapped to O_NOINHERIT).
+
+ * "git-shell" rejects a request to serve a repository whose name
+   begins with a dash, which makes it no longer possible to get it
+   confused into spawning service programs like "git-upload-pack" with
+   an option like "--help", which in turn would spawn an interactive
+   pager, instead of working with the repository user asked to access
+   (i.e. the one whose name is "--help").
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..668313ae55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Git v2.9.5 Release Notes
+========================
+
+This release forward-ports the fix for "ssh://..." URL from Git v2.7.6
diff --git a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
index ef0eeb40cd..b44fd51f27 100644
--- a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
+++ b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
@@ -1,40 +1,47 @@
+Submitting Patches
+==================
+
+== Guidelines
+
 Here are some guidelines for people who want to contribute their code
 to this software.
 
-(0) Decide what to base your work on.
+[[base-branch]]
+=== Decide what to base your work on.
 
 In general, always base your work on the oldest branch that your
 change is relevant to.
 
- - A bugfix should be based on 'maint' in general. If the bug is not
-   present in 'maint', base it on 'master'. For a bug that's not yet
-   in 'master', find the topic that introduces the regression, and
-   base your work on the tip of the topic.
+* A bugfix should be based on `maint` in general. If the bug is not
+  present in `maint`, base it on `master`. For a bug that's not yet
+  in `master`, find the topic that introduces the regression, and
+  base your work on the tip of the topic.
 
- - A new feature should be based on 'master' in general. If the new
-   feature depends on a topic that is in 'pu', but not in 'master',
-   base your work on the tip of that topic.
+* A new feature should be based on `master` in general. If the new
+  feature depends on a topic that is in `pu`, but not in `master`,
+  base your work on the tip of that topic.
 
- - Corrections and enhancements to a topic not yet in 'master' should
-   be based on the tip of that topic. If the topic has not been merged
-   to 'next', it's alright to add a note to squash minor corrections
-   into the series.
+* Corrections and enhancements to a topic not yet in `master` should
+  be based on the tip of that topic. If the topic has not been merged
+  to `next`, it's alright to add a note to squash minor corrections
+  into the series.
 
- - In the exceptional case that a new feature depends on several topics
-   not in 'master', start working on 'next' or 'pu' privately and send
-   out patches for discussion. Before the final merge, you may have to
-   wait until some of the dependent topics graduate to 'master', and
-   rebase your work.
+* In the exceptional case that a new feature depends on several topics
+  not in `master`, start working on `next` or `pu` privately and send
+  out patches for discussion. Before the final merge, you may have to
+  wait until some of the dependent topics graduate to `master`, and
+  rebase your work.
 
- - Some parts of the system have dedicated maintainers with their own
-   repositories (see the section "Subsystems" below).  Changes to
-   these parts should be based on their trees.
+* Some parts of the system have dedicated maintainers with their own
+  repositories (see the section "Subsystems" below).  Changes to
+  these parts should be based on their trees.
 
-To find the tip of a topic branch, run "git log --first-parent
-master..pu" and look for the merge commit. The second parent of this
+To find the tip of a topic branch, run `git log --first-parent
+master..pu` and look for the merge commit. The second parent of this
 commit is the tip of the topic branch.
 
-(1) Make separate commits for logically separate changes.
+[[separate-commits]]
+=== Make separate commits for logically separate changes.
 
 Unless your patch is really trivial, you should not be sending
 out a patch that was generated between your working tree and
@@ -51,90 +58,134 @@ If your description starts to get too long, that's a sign that you
 probably need to split up your commit to finer grained pieces.
 That being said, patches which plainly describe the things that
 help reviewers check the patch, and future maintainers understand
-the code, are the most beautiful patches.  Descriptions that summarise
+the code, are the most beautiful patches.  Descriptions that summarize
 the point in the subject well, and describe the motivation for the
 change, the approach taken by the change, and if relevant how this
 differs substantially from the prior version, are all good things
 to have.
 
 Make sure that you have tests for the bug you are fixing.  See
-t/README for guidance.
+`t/README` for guidance.
 
+[[tests]]
 When adding a new feature, make sure that you have new tests to show
-the feature triggers the new behaviour when it should, and to show the
-feature does not trigger when it shouldn't.  Also make sure that the
-test suite passes after your commit.  Do not forget to update the
-documentation to describe the updated behaviour.
-
-Speaking of the documentation, it is currently a liberal mixture of US
-and UK English norms for spelling and grammar, which is somewhat
-unfortunate.  A huge patch that touches the files all over the place
-only to correct the inconsistency is not welcome, though.  Potential
-clashes with other changes that can result from such a patch are not
-worth it.  We prefer to gradually reconcile the inconsistencies in
-favor of US English, with small and easily digestible patches, as a
-side effect of doing some other real work in the vicinity (e.g.
-rewriting a paragraph for clarity, while turning en_UK spelling to
-en_US).  Obvious typographical fixes are much more welcomed ("teh ->
-"the"), preferably submitted as independent patches separate from
-other documentation changes.
-
+the feature triggers the new behavior when it should, and to show the
+feature does not trigger when it shouldn't.  After any code change, make
+sure that the entire test suite passes.
+
+If you have an account at GitHub (and you can get one for free to work
+on open source projects), you can use their Travis CI integration to
+test your changes on Linux, Mac (and hopefully soon Windows).  See
+GitHub-Travis CI hints section for details.
+
+Do not forget to update the documentation to describe the updated
+behavior and make sure that the resulting documentation set formats
+well. It is currently a liberal mixture of US and UK English norms for
+spelling and grammar, which is somewhat unfortunate.  A huge patch that
+touches the files all over the place only to correct the inconsistency
+is not welcome, though.  Potential clashes with other changes that can
+result from such a patch are not worth it.  We prefer to gradually
+reconcile the inconsistencies in favor of US English, with small and
+easily digestible patches, as a side effect of doing some other real
+work in the vicinity (e.g. rewriting a paragraph for clarity, while
+turning en_UK spelling to en_US).  Obvious typographical fixes are much
+more welcomed ("teh -> "the"), preferably submitted as independent
+patches separate from other documentation changes.
+
+[[whitespace-check]]
 Oh, another thing.  We are picky about whitespaces.  Make sure your
 changes do not trigger errors with the sample pre-commit hook shipped
-in templates/hooks--pre-commit.  To help ensure this does not happen,
-run git diff --check on your changes before you commit.
+in `templates/hooks--pre-commit`.  To help ensure this does not happen,
+run `git diff --check` on your changes before you commit.
 
-
-(2) Describe your changes well.
+[[describe-changes]]
+=== Describe your changes well.
 
 The first line of the commit message should be a short description (50
-characters is the soft limit, see DISCUSSION in git-commit(1)), and
-should skip the full stop.  It is also conventional in most cases to
+characters is the soft limit, see DISCUSSION in linkgit:git-commit[1]),
+and should skip the full stop.  It is also conventional in most cases to
 prefix the first line with "area: " where the area is a filename or
 identifier for the general area of the code being modified, e.g.
 
-  . archive: ustar header checksum is computed unsigned
-  . git-cherry-pick.txt: clarify the use of revision range notation
+* doc: clarify distinction between sign-off and pgp-signing
+* githooks.txt: improve the intro section
 
-If in doubt which identifier to use, run "git log --no-merges" on the
+If in doubt which identifier to use, run `git log --no-merges` on the
 files you are modifying to see the current conventions.
 
+[[summary-section]]
+It's customary to start the remainder of the first line after "area: "
+with a lower-case letter. E.g. "doc: clarify...", not "doc:
+Clarify...", or "githooks.txt: improve...", not "githooks.txt:
+Improve...".
+
+[[meaningful-message]]
 The body should provide a meaningful commit message, which:
 
-  . explains the problem the change tries to solve, iow, what is wrong
-    with the current code without the change.
+. explains the problem the change tries to solve, i.e. what is wrong
+  with the current code without the change.
 
-  . justifies the way the change solves the problem, iow, why the
-    result with the change is better.
+. justifies the way the change solves the problem, i.e. why the
+  result with the change is better.
 
-  . alternate solutions considered but discarded, if any.
+. alternate solutions considered but discarded, if any.
 
+[[imperative-mood]]
 Describe your changes in imperative mood, e.g. "make xyzzy do frotz"
 instead of "[This patch] makes xyzzy do frotz" or "[I] changed xyzzy
 to do frotz", as if you are giving orders to the codebase to change
-its behaviour.  Try to make sure your explanation can be understood
+its behavior.  Try to make sure your explanation can be understood
 without external resources. Instead of giving a URL to a mailing list
 archive, summarize the relevant points of the discussion.
 
+[[commit-reference]]
+If you want to reference a previous commit in the history of a stable
+branch, use the format "abbreviated sha1 (subject, date)",
+with the subject enclosed in a pair of double-quotes, like this:
 
-(3) Generate your patch using Git tools out of your commits.
+....
+	Commit f86a374 ("pack-bitmap.c: fix a memleak", 2015-03-30)
+	noticed that ...
+....
+
+The "Copy commit summary" command of gitk can be used to obtain this
+format, or this invocation of `git show`:
+
+....
+	git show -s --date=short --pretty='format:%h ("%s", %ad)' <commit>
+....
+
+[[git-tools]]
+=== Generate your patch using Git tools out of your commits.
 
 Git based diff tools generate unidiff which is the preferred format.
 
-You do not have to be afraid to use -M option to "git diff" or
-"git format-patch", if your patch involves file renames.  The
+You do not have to be afraid to use `-M` option to `git diff` or
+`git format-patch`, if your patch involves file renames.  The
 receiving end can handle them just fine.
 
+[[review-patch]]
 Please make sure your patch does not add commented out debugging code,
 or include any extra files which do not relate to what your patch
 is trying to achieve. Make sure to review
 your patch after generating it, to ensure accuracy.  Before
-sending out, please make sure it cleanly applies to the "master"
+sending out, please make sure it cleanly applies to the `master`
 branch head.  If you are preparing a work based on "next" branch,
 that is fine, but please mark it as such.
 
+[[send-patches]]
+=== Sending your patches.
+
+:security-ml: footnoteref:[security-ml,The Git Security mailing list: git-security@googlegroups.com]
 
-(4) Sending your patches.
+Before sending any patches, please note that patches that may be
+security relevant should be submitted privately to the Git Security
+mailing list{security-ml}, instead of the public mailing list.
+
+Learn to use format-patch and send-email if possible.  These commands
+are optimized for the workflow of sending patches, avoiding many ways
+your existing e-mail client that is optimized for "multipart/*" mime
+type e-mails to corrupt and render your patches unusable.
 
 People on the Git mailing list need to be able to read and
 comment on the changes you are submitting.  It is important for
@@ -158,14 +209,15 @@ lose tabs that way if you are not careful.
 
 It is a common convention to prefix your subject line with
 [PATCH].  This lets people easily distinguish patches from other
-e-mail discussions.  Use of additional markers after PATCH and
-the closing bracket to mark the nature of the patch is also
-encouraged.  E.g. [PATCH/RFC] is often used when the patch is
-not ready to be applied but it is for discussion, [PATCH v2],
-[PATCH v3] etc. are often seen when you are sending an update to
-what you have previously sent.
-
-"git format-patch" command follows the best current practice to
+e-mail discussions.  Use of markers in addition to PATCH within
+the brackets to describe the nature of the patch is also
+encouraged.  E.g. [RFC PATCH] (where RFC stands for "request for
+comments") is often used to indicate a patch needs further
+discussion before being accepted, [PATCH v2], [PATCH v3] etc.
+are often seen when you are sending an update to what you have
+previously sent.
+
+The `git format-patch` command follows the best current practice to
 format the body of an e-mail message.  At the beginning of the
 patch should come your commit message, ending with the
 Signed-off-by: lines, and a line that consists of three dashes,
@@ -173,6 +225,10 @@ followed by the diffstat information and the patch itself.  If
 you are forwarding a patch from somebody else, optionally, at
 the beginning of the e-mail message just before the commit
 message starts, you can put a "From: " line to name that person.
+To change the default "[PATCH]" in the subject to "[<text>]", use
+`git format-patch --subject-prefix=<text>`.  As a shortcut, you
+can use `--rfc` instead of `--subject-prefix="RFC PATCH"`, or
+`-v <n>` instead of `--subject-prefix="PATCH v<n>"`.
 
 You often want to add additional explanation about the patch,
 other than the commit message itself.  Place such "cover letter"
@@ -182,6 +238,7 @@ an explanation of changes between each iteration can be kept in
 Git-notes and inserted automatically following the three-dash
 line via `git format-patch --notes`.
 
+[[attachment]]
 Do not attach the patch as a MIME attachment, compressed or not.
 Do not let your e-mail client send quoted-printable.  Do not let
 your e-mail client send format=flowed which would destroy
@@ -196,37 +253,43 @@ that it will be postponed.
 Exception:  If your mailer is mangling patches then someone may ask
 you to re-send them using MIME, that is OK.
 
-Do not PGP sign your patch, at least for now.  Most likely, your
-maintainer or other people on the list would not have your PGP
-key and would not bother obtaining it anyway.  Your patch is not
-judged by who you are; a good patch from an unknown origin has a
-far better chance of being accepted than a patch from a known,
-respected origin that is done poorly or does incorrect things.
+[[pgp-signature]]
+Do not PGP sign your patch. Most likely, your maintainer or other people on the
+list would not have your PGP key and would not bother obtaining it anyway.
+Your patch is not judged by who you are; a good patch from an unknown origin
+has a far better chance of being accepted than a patch from a known, respected
+origin that is done poorly or does incorrect things.
 
 If you really really really really want to do a PGP signed
 patch, format it as "multipart/signed", not a text/plain message
-that starts with '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----'.  That is
+that starts with `-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----`.  That is
 not a text/plain, it's something else.
 
+:security-ml-ref: footnoteref:[security-ml]
+
+As mentioned at the beginning of the section, patches that may be
+security relevant should not be submitted to the public mailing list
+mentioned below, but should instead be sent privately to the Git
+Security mailing list{security-ml-ref}.
+
 Send your patch with "To:" set to the mailing list, with "cc:" listing
-people who are involved in the area you are touching (the output from
-"git blame $path" and "git shortlog --no-merges $path" would help to
+people who are involved in the area you are touching (the `git
+contacts` command in `contrib/contacts/` can help to
 identify them), to solicit comments and reviews.
 
+:current-maintainer: footnote:[The current maintainer: gitster@pobox.com]
+:git-ml: footnote:[The mailing list: git@vger.kernel.org]
+
 After the list reached a consensus that it is a good idea to apply the
-patch, re-send it with "To:" set to the maintainer [*1*] and "cc:" the
-list [*2*] for inclusion.
+patch, re-send it with "To:" set to the maintainer{current-maintainer} and "cc:" the
+list{git-ml} for inclusion.
 
-Do not forget to add trailers such as "Acked-by:", "Reviewed-by:" and
-"Tested-by:" lines as necessary to credit people who helped your
+Do not forget to add trailers such as `Acked-by:`, `Reviewed-by:` and
+`Tested-by:` lines as necessary to credit people who helped your
 patch.
 
-    [Addresses]
-     *1* The current maintainer: gitster@pobox.com
-     *2* The mailing list: git@vger.kernel.org
-
-
-(5) Sign your work
+[[sign-off]]
+=== Certify your work by adding your "Signed-off-by: " line
 
 To improve tracking of who did what, we've borrowed the
 "sign-off" procedure from the Linux kernel project on patches
@@ -235,38 +298,42 @@ smaller project it is a good discipline to follow it.
 
 The sign-off is a simple line at the end of the explanation for
 the patch, which certifies that you wrote it or otherwise have
-the right to pass it on as a open-source patch.  The rules are
-pretty simple: if you can certify the below:
-
-        Developer's Certificate of Origin 1.1
-
-        By making a contribution to this project, I certify that:
-
-        (a) The contribution was created in whole or in part by me and I
-            have the right to submit it under the open source license
-            indicated in the file; or
-
-        (b) The contribution is based upon previous work that, to the best
-            of my knowledge, is covered under an appropriate open source
-            license and I have the right under that license to submit that
-            work with modifications, whether created in whole or in part
-            by me, under the same open source license (unless I am
-            permitted to submit under a different license), as indicated
-            in the file; or
-
-        (c) The contribution was provided directly to me by some other
-            person who certified (a), (b) or (c) and I have not modified
-            it.
-
-        (d) I understand and agree that this project and the contribution
-            are public and that a record of the contribution (including all
-            personal information I submit with it, including my sign-off) is
-            maintained indefinitely and may be redistributed consistent with
-            this project or the open source license(s) involved.
+the right to pass it on as an open-source patch.  The rules are
+pretty simple: if you can certify the below D-C-O:
+
+[[dco]]
+.Developer's Certificate of Origin 1.1
+____
+By making a contribution to this project, I certify that:
+
+a. The contribution was created in whole or in part by me and I
+   have the right to submit it under the open source license
+   indicated in the file; or
+
+b. The contribution is based upon previous work that, to the best
+   of my knowledge, is covered under an appropriate open source
+   license and I have the right under that license to submit that
+   work with modifications, whether created in whole or in part
+   by me, under the same open source license (unless I am
+   permitted to submit under a different license), as indicated
+   in the file; or
+
+c. The contribution was provided directly to me by some other
+   person who certified (a), (b) or (c) and I have not modified
+   it.
+
+d. I understand and agree that this project and the contribution
+   are public and that a record of the contribution (including all
+   personal information I submit with it, including my sign-off) is
+   maintained indefinitely and may be redistributed consistent with
+   this project or the open source license(s) involved.
+____
 
 then you just add a line saying
 
-        Signed-off-by: Random J Developer <random@developer.example.org>
+....
+	Signed-off-by: Random J Developer <random@developer.example.org>
+....
 
 This line can be automatically added by Git if you run the git-commit
 command with the -s option.
@@ -277,85 +344,86 @@ D-C-O.  Indeed you are encouraged to do so.  Do not forget to
 place an in-body "From: " line at the beginning to properly attribute
 the change to its true author (see (2) above).
 
+[[real-name]]
 Also notice that a real name is used in the Signed-off-by: line. Please
 don't hide your real name.
 
+[[commit-trailers]]
 If you like, you can put extra tags at the end:
 
-1. "Reported-by:" is used to credit someone who found the bug that
-   the patch attempts to fix.
-2. "Acked-by:" says that the person who is more familiar with the area
-   the patch attempts to modify liked the patch.
-3. "Reviewed-by:", unlike the other tags, can only be offered by the
-   reviewer and means that she is completely satisfied that the patch
-   is ready for application.  It is usually offered only after a
-   detailed review.
-4. "Tested-by:" is used to indicate that the person applied the patch
-   and found it to have the desired effect.
+. `Reported-by:` is used to credit someone who found the bug that
+  the patch attempts to fix.
+. `Acked-by:` says that the person who is more familiar with the area
+  the patch attempts to modify liked the patch.
+. `Reviewed-by:`, unlike the other tags, can only be offered by the
+  reviewer and means that she is completely satisfied that the patch
+  is ready for application.  It is usually offered only after a
+  detailed review.
+. `Tested-by:` is used to indicate that the person applied the patch
+  and found it to have the desired effect.
 
 You can also create your own tag or use one that's in common usage
 such as "Thanks-to:", "Based-on-patch-by:", or "Mentored-by:".
 
-------------------------------------------------
-Subsystems with dedicated maintainers
+== Subsystems with dedicated maintainers
 
 Some parts of the system have dedicated maintainers with their own
 repositories.
 
- - git-gui/ comes from git-gui project, maintained by Pat Thoyts:
+- 'git-gui/' comes from git-gui project, maintained by Pat Thoyts:
 
-        git://repo.or.cz/git-gui.git
+	git://repo.or.cz/git-gui.git
 
- - gitk-git/ comes from Paul Mackerras's gitk project:
+- 'gitk-git/' comes from Paul Mackerras's gitk project:
 
-        git://ozlabs.org/~paulus/gitk
+	git://ozlabs.org/~paulus/gitk
 
- - po/ comes from the localization coordinator, Jiang Xin:
+- 'po/' comes from the localization coordinator, Jiang Xin:
 
 	https://github.com/git-l10n/git-po/
 
 Patches to these parts should be based on their trees.
 
-------------------------------------------------
-An ideal patch flow
+[[patch-flow]]
+== An ideal patch flow
 
 Here is an ideal patch flow for this project the current maintainer
 suggests to the contributors:
 
- (0) You come up with an itch.  You code it up.
+. You come up with an itch.  You code it up.
 
- (1) Send it to the list and cc people who may need to know about
-     the change.
+. Send it to the list and cc people who may need to know about
+  the change.
++
+The people who may need to know are the ones whose code you
+are butchering.  These people happen to be the ones who are
+most likely to be knowledgeable enough to help you, but
+they have no obligation to help you (i.e. you ask for help,
+don't demand).  +git log -p {litdd} _$area_you_are_modifying_+ would
+help you find out who they are.
 
-     The people who may need to know are the ones whose code you
-     are butchering.  These people happen to be the ones who are
-     most likely to be knowledgeable enough to help you, but
-     they have no obligation to help you (i.e. you ask for help,
-     don't demand).  "git log -p -- $area_you_are_modifying" would
-     help you find out who they are.
+. You get comments and suggestions for improvements.  You may
+  even get them in an "on top of your change" patch form.
 
- (2) You get comments and suggestions for improvements.  You may
-     even get them in a "on top of your change" patch form.
+. Polish, refine, and re-send to the list and the people who
+  spend their time to improve your patch.  Go back to step (2).
 
- (3) Polish, refine, and re-send to the list and the people who
-     spend their time to improve your patch.  Go back to step (2).
+. The list forms consensus that the last round of your patch is
+  good.  Send it to the maintainer and cc the list.
 
- (4) The list forms consensus that the last round of your patch is
-     good.  Send it to the maintainer and cc the list.
-
- (5) A topic branch is created with the patch and is merged to 'next',
-     and cooked further and eventually graduates to 'master'.
+. A topic branch is created with the patch and is merged to `next`,
+  and cooked further and eventually graduates to `master`.
 
 In any time between the (2)-(3) cycle, the maintainer may pick it up
-from the list and queue it to 'pu', in order to make it easier for
+from the list and queue it to `pu`, in order to make it easier for
 people play with it without having to pick up and apply the patch to
 their trees themselves.
 
-------------------------------------------------
-Know the status of your patch after submission
+[[patch-status]]
+== Know the status of your patch after submission
 
 * You can use Git itself to find out when your patch is merged in
-  master. 'git pull --rebase' will automatically skip already-applied
+  master. `git pull --rebase` will automatically skip already-applied
   patches, and will let you know. This works only if you rebase on top
   of the branch in which your patch has been merged (i.e. it will not
   tell you if your patch is merged in pu if you rebase on top of
@@ -365,16 +433,56 @@ Know the status of your patch after submission
   entitled "What's cooking in git.git" and "What's in git.git" giving
   the status of various proposed changes.
 
-------------------------------------------------
-MUA specific hints
+[[travis]]
+== GitHub-Travis CI hints
+
+With an account at GitHub (you can get one for free to work on open
+source projects), you can use Travis CI to test your changes on Linux,
+Mac (and hopefully soon Windows).  You can find a successful example
+test build here: https://travis-ci.org/git/git/builds/120473209
+
+Follow these steps for the initial setup:
+
+. Fork https://github.com/git/git to your GitHub account.
+  You can find detailed instructions how to fork here:
+  https://help.github.com/articles/fork-a-repo/
+
+. Open the Travis CI website: https://travis-ci.org
+
+. Press the "Sign in with GitHub" button.
+
+. Grant Travis CI permissions to access your GitHub account.
+  You can find more information about the required permissions here:
+  https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/github-oauth-scopes
+
+. Open your Travis CI profile page: https://travis-ci.org/profile
+
+. Enable Travis CI builds for your Git fork.
+
+After the initial setup, Travis CI will run whenever you push new changes
+to your fork of Git on GitHub.  You can monitor the test state of all your
+branches here: https://travis-ci.org/__<Your GitHub handle>__/git/branches
+
+If a branch did not pass all test cases then it is marked with a red
+cross.  In that case you can click on the failing Travis CI job and
+scroll all the way down in the log.  Find the line "<-- Click here to see
+detailed test output!" and click on the triangle next to the log line
+number to expand the detailed test output.  Here is such a failing
+example: https://travis-ci.org/git/git/jobs/122676187
+
+Fix the problem and push your fix to your Git fork.  This will trigger
+a new Travis CI build to ensure all tests pass.
+
+[[mua]]
+== MUA specific hints
 
 Some of patches I receive or pick up from the list share common
 patterns of breakage.  Please make sure your MUA is set up
 properly not to corrupt whitespaces.
 
-See the DISCUSSION section of git-format-patch(1) for hints on
+See the DISCUSSION section of linkgit:git-format-patch[1] for hints on
 checking your patch by mailing it to yourself and applying with
-git-am(1).
+linkgit:git-am[1].
 
 While you are at it, check the resulting commit log message from
 a trial run of applying the patch.  If what is in the resulting
@@ -386,23 +494,24 @@ should come after the three-dash line that signals the end of the
 commit message.
 
 
-Pine
-----
+=== Pine
 
 (Johannes Schindelin)
 
+....
 I don't know how many people still use pine, but for those poor
 souls it may be good to mention that the quell-flowed-text is
 needed for recent versions.
 
 ... the "no-strip-whitespace-before-send" option, too. AFAIK it
 was introduced in 4.60.
+....
 
 (Linus Torvalds)
 
+....
 And 4.58 needs at least this.
 
----
 diff-tree 8326dd8350be64ac7fc805f6563a1d61ad10d32c (from e886a61f76edf5410573e92e38ce22974f9c40f1)
 Author: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@g5.osdl.org>
 Date:   Mon Aug 15 17:23:51 2005 -0700
@@ -424,10 +533,11 @@ diff --git a/pico/pico.c b/pico/pico.c
 +#endif
 		c |= COMP_EXIT;
 		break;
-
+....
 
 (Daniel Barkalow)
 
+....
 > A patch to SubmittingPatches, MUA specific help section for
 > users of Pine 4.63 would be very much appreciated.
 
@@ -437,23 +547,21 @@ that or Gentoo did it.) So you need to set the
 "no-strip-whitespace-before-send" option, unless the option you have is
 "strip-whitespace-before-send", in which case you should avoid checking
 it.
+....
 
+=== Thunderbird, KMail, GMail
 
-Thunderbird, KMail, GMail
--------------------------
-
-See the MUA-SPECIFIC HINTS section of git-format-patch(1).
+See the MUA-SPECIFIC HINTS section of linkgit:git-format-patch[1].
 
-Gnus
-----
+=== Gnus
 
-'|' in the *Summary* buffer can be used to pipe the current
+"|" in the `*Summary*` buffer can be used to pipe the current
 message to an external program, and this is a handy way to drive
-"git am".  However, if the message is MIME encoded, what is
+`git am`.  However, if the message is MIME encoded, what is
 piped into the program is the representation you see in your
-*Article* buffer after unwrapping MIME.  This is often not what
+`*Article*` buffer after unwrapping MIME.  This is often not what
 you would want for two reasons.  It tends to screw up non ASCII
 characters (most notably in people's names), and also
-whitespaces (fatal in patches).  Running 'C-u g' to display the
-message in raw form before using '|' to run the pipe can work
+whitespaces (fatal in patches).  Running "C-u g" to display the
+message in raw form before using "|" to run the pipe can work
 this problem around.
diff --git a/Documentation/asciidoctor-extensions.rb b/Documentation/asciidoctor-extensions.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ec83b4959e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/asciidoctor-extensions.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+require 'asciidoctor'
+require 'asciidoctor/extensions'
+
+module Git
+  module Documentation
+    class LinkGitProcessor < Asciidoctor::Extensions::InlineMacroProcessor
+      use_dsl
+
+      named :chrome
+
+      def process(parent, target, attrs)
+        if parent.document.basebackend? 'html'
+          prefix = parent.document.attr('git-relative-html-prefix')
+          %(<a href="#{prefix}#{target}.html">#{target}(#{attrs[1]})</a>\n)
+        elsif parent.document.basebackend? 'docbook'
+          "<citerefentry>\n" \
+            "<refentrytitle>#{target}</refentrytitle>" \
+            "<manvolnum>#{attrs[1]}</manvolnum>\n" \
+          "</citerefentry>\n"
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+Asciidoctor::Extensions.register do
+  inline_macro Git::Documentation::LinkGitProcessor, :linkgit
+end
diff --git a/Documentation/blame-options.txt b/Documentation/blame-options.txt
index 0cebc4f692..dc41957afa 100644
--- a/Documentation/blame-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/blame-options.txt
@@ -4,13 +4,13 @@
 
 --root::
 	Do not treat root commits as boundaries.  This can also be
-	controlled via the `blame.showroot` config option.
+	controlled via the `blame.showRoot` config option.
 
 --show-stats::
 	Include additional statistics at the end of blame output.
 
 -L <start>,<end>::
--L :<regex>::
+-L :<funcname>::
 	Annotate only the given line range. May be specified multiple times.
 	Overlapping ranges are allowed.
 +
@@ -28,12 +28,13 @@ include::line-range-format.txt[]
 -S <revs-file>::
 	Use revisions from revs-file instead of calling linkgit:git-rev-list[1].
 
---reverse::
+--reverse <rev>..<rev>::
 	Walk history forward instead of backward. Instead of showing
 	the revision in which a line appeared, this shows the last
 	revision in which a line has existed. This requires a range of
 	revision like START..END where the path to blame exists in
-	START.
+	START.  `git blame --reverse START` is taken as `git blame
+	--reverse START..HEAD` for convenience.
 
 -p::
 --porcelain::
@@ -63,14 +64,20 @@ include::line-range-format.txt[]
 	`-` to make the command read from the standard input).
 
 --date <format>::
-	The value is one of the following alternatives:
-	{relative,local,default,iso,rfc,short}. If --date is not
+	Specifies the format used to output dates. If --date is not
 	provided, the value of the blame.date config variable is
 	used. If the blame.date config variable is also not set, the
-	iso format is used. For more information, See the discussion
+	iso format is used. For supported values, see the discussion
 	of the --date option at linkgit:git-log[1].
 
--M|<num>|::
+--[no-]progress::
+	Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
+	by default when it is attached to a terminal. This flag
+	enables progress reporting even if not attached to a
+	terminal. Can't use `--progress` together with `--porcelain`
+	or `--incremental`.
+
+-M[<num>]::
 	Detect moved or copied lines within a file. When a commit
 	moves or copies a block of lines (e.g. the original file
 	has A and then B, and the commit changes it to B and then
@@ -86,7 +93,7 @@ alphanumeric characters that Git must detect as moving/copying
 within a file for it to associate those lines with the parent
 commit. The default value is 20.
 
--C|<num>|::
+-C[<num>]::
 	In addition to `-M`, detect lines moved or copied from other
 	files that were modified in the same commit.  This is
 	useful when you reorganize your program and move code
diff --git a/Documentation/cat-texi.perl b/Documentation/cat-texi.perl
index 87437f8a95..14d2f83415 100755
--- a/Documentation/cat-texi.perl
+++ b/Documentation/cat-texi.perl
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/perl -w
 
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
 my @menu = ();
 my $output = $ARGV[0];
 
-open TMP, '>', "$output.tmp";
+open my $tmp, '>', "$output.tmp";
 
 while (<STDIN>) {
 	next if (/^\\input texinfo/../\@node Top/);
@@ -11,13 +14,13 @@ while (<STDIN>) {
 	if (s/^\@top (.*)/\@node $1,,,Top/) {
 		push @menu, $1;
 	}
-	s/\(\@pxref{\[(URLS|REMOTES)\]}\)//;
+	s/\(\@pxref\{\[(URLS|REMOTES)\]}\)//;
 	s/\@anchor\{[^{}]*\}//g;
-	print TMP;
+	print $tmp $_;
 }
-close TMP;
+close $tmp;
 
-printf '\input texinfo
+print '\input texinfo
 @setfilename gitman.info
 @documentencoding UTF-8
 @dircategory Development
@@ -28,16 +31,16 @@ printf '\input texinfo
 @top Git Manual Pages
 @documentlanguage en
 @menu
-', $menu[0];
+';
 
 for (@menu) {
 	print "* ${_}::\n";
 }
 print "\@end menu\n";
-open TMP, '<', "$output.tmp";
-while (<TMP>) {
+open $tmp, '<', "$output.tmp";
+while (<$tmp>) {
 	print;
 }
-close TMP;
+close $tmp;
 print "\@bye\n";
 unlink "$output.tmp";
diff --git a/Documentation/cmd-list.perl b/Documentation/cmd-list.perl
index 04f99778d8..5aa73cfe45 100755
--- a/Documentation/cmd-list.perl
+++ b/Documentation/cmd-list.perl
@@ -38,6 +38,10 @@ sub format_one {
 	}
 }
 
+while (<>) {
+	last if /^### command list/;
+}
+
 my %cmds = ();
 for (sort <>) {
 	next if /^#/;
diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt
index f1bc0f2d8c..322d93262f 100644
--- a/Documentation/config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config.txt
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ the fully qualified variable name of the variable itself is the last
 dot-separated segment and the section name is everything before the last
 dot. The variable names are case-insensitive, allow only alphanumeric
 characters and `-`, and must start with an alphabetic character.  Some
-variables may appear multiple times.
+variables may appear multiple times; we say then that the variable is
+multivalued.
 
 Syntax
 ~~~~~~
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ blank lines are ignored.
 
 The file consists of sections and variables.  A section begins with
 the name of the section in square brackets and continues until the next
-section begins.  Section names are not case sensitive.  Only alphanumeric
+section begins.  Section names are case-insensitive.  Only alphanumeric
 characters, `-` and `.` are allowed in section names.  Each variable
 must belong to some section, which means that there must be a section
 header before the first setting of a variable.
@@ -40,11 +41,13 @@ in the section header, like in the example below:
 --------
 
 Subsection names are case sensitive and can contain any characters except
-newline (doublequote `"` and backslash have to be escaped as `\"` and `\\`,
-respectively).  Section headers cannot span multiple
-lines.  Variables may belong directly to a section or to a given subsection.
-You can have `[section]` if you have `[section "subsection"]`, but you
-don't need to.
+newline and the null byte. Doublequote `"` and backslash can be included
+by escaping them as `\"` and `\\`, respectively. Backslashes preceding
+other characters are dropped when reading; for example, `\t` is read as
+`t` and `\0` is read as `0` Section headers cannot span multiple lines.
+Variables may belong directly to a section or to a given subsection. You
+can have `[section]` if you have `[section "subsection"]`, but you don't
+need to.
 
 There is also a deprecated `[section.subsection]` syntax. With this
 syntax, the subsection name is converted to lower-case and is also
@@ -53,51 +56,109 @@ restrictions as section names.
 
 All the other lines (and the remainder of the line after the section
 header) are recognized as setting variables, in the form
-'name = value'.  If there is no equal sign on the line, the entire line
-is taken as 'name' and the variable is recognized as boolean "true".
+'name = value' (or just 'name', which is a short-hand to say that
+the variable is the boolean "true").
 The variable names are case-insensitive, allow only alphanumeric characters
-and `-`, and must start with an alphabetic character.  There can be more
-than one value for a given variable; we say then that the variable is
-multivalued.
-
-Leading and trailing whitespace in a variable value is discarded.
-Internal whitespace within a variable value is retained verbatim.
+and `-`, and must start with an alphabetic character.
 
-The values following the equals sign in variable assign are all either
-a string, an integer, or a boolean.  Boolean values may be given as yes/no,
-1/0, true/false or on/off.  Case is not significant in boolean values, when
-converting value to the canonical form using '--bool' type specifier;
-'git config' will ensure that the output is "true" or "false".
+A line that defines a value can be continued to the next line by
+ending it with a `\`; the backquote and the end-of-line are
+stripped.  Leading whitespaces after 'name =', the remainder of the
+line after the first comment character '#' or ';', and trailing
+whitespaces of the line are discarded unless they are enclosed in
+double quotes.  Internal whitespaces within the value are retained
+verbatim.
 
-String values may be entirely or partially enclosed in double quotes.
-You need to enclose variable values in double quotes if you want to
-preserve leading or trailing whitespace, or if the variable value contains
-comment characters (i.e. it contains '#' or ';').
-Double quote `"` and backslash `\` characters in variable values must
-be escaped: use `\"` for `"` and `\\` for `\`.
+Inside double quotes, double quote `"` and backslash `\` characters
+must be escaped: use `\"` for `"` and `\\` for `\`.
 
 The following escape sequences (beside `\"` and `\\`) are recognized:
 `\n` for newline character (NL), `\t` for horizontal tabulation (HT, TAB)
 and `\b` for backspace (BS).  Other char escape sequences (including octal
 escape sequences) are invalid.
 
-Variable values ending in a `\` are continued on the next line in the
-customary UNIX fashion.
-
-Some variables may require a special value format.
 
 Includes
 ~~~~~~~~
 
-You can include one config file from another by setting the special
-`include.path` variable to the name of the file to be included. The
-included file is expanded immediately, as if its contents had been
-found at the location of the include directive. If the value of the
-`include.path` variable is a relative path, the path is considered to be
-relative to the configuration file in which the include directive was
-found. The value of `include.path` is subject to tilde expansion: `~/`
-is expanded to the value of `$HOME`, and `~user/` to the specified
-user's home directory. See below for examples.
+The `include` and `includeIf` sections allow you to include config
+directives from another source. These sections behave identically to
+each other with the exception that `includeIf` sections may be ignored
+if their condition does not evaluate to true; see "Conditional includes"
+below.
+
+You can include a config file from another by setting the special
+`include.path` (or `includeIf.*.path`) variable to the name of the file
+to be included. The variable takes a pathname as its value, and is
+subject to tilde expansion. These variables can be given multiple times.
+
+The contents of the included file are inserted immediately, as if they
+had been found at the location of the include directive. If the value of the
+variable is a relative path, the path is considered to
+be relative to the configuration file in which the include directive
+was found.  See below for examples.
+
+Conditional includes
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+You can include a config file from another conditionally by setting a
+`includeIf.<condition>.path` variable to the name of the file to be
+included.
+
+The condition starts with a keyword followed by a colon and some data
+whose format and meaning depends on the keyword. Supported keywords
+are:
+
+`gitdir`::
+
+	The data that follows the keyword `gitdir:` is used as a glob
+	pattern. If the location of the .git directory matches the
+	pattern, the include condition is met.
++
+The .git location may be auto-discovered, or come from `$GIT_DIR`
+environment variable. If the repository is auto discovered via a .git
+file (e.g. from submodules, or a linked worktree), the .git location
+would be the final location where the .git directory is, not where the
+.git file is.
++
+The pattern can contain standard globbing wildcards and two additional
+ones, `**/` and `/**`, that can match multiple path components. Please
+refer to linkgit:gitignore[5] for details. For convenience:
+
+ * If the pattern starts with `~/`, `~` will be substituted with the
+   content of the environment variable `HOME`.
+
+ * If the pattern starts with `./`, it is replaced with the directory
+   containing the current config file.
+
+ * If the pattern does not start with either `~/`, `./` or `/`, `**/`
+   will be automatically prepended. For example, the pattern `foo/bar`
+   becomes `**/foo/bar` and would match `/any/path/to/foo/bar`.
+
+ * If the pattern ends with `/`, `**` will be automatically added. For
+   example, the pattern `foo/` becomes `foo/**`. In other words, it
+   matches "foo" and everything inside, recursively.
+
+`gitdir/i`::
+	This is the same as `gitdir` except that matching is done
+	case-insensitively (e.g. on case-insensitive file sytems)
+
+A few more notes on matching via `gitdir` and `gitdir/i`:
+
+ * Symlinks in `$GIT_DIR` are not resolved before matching.
+
+ * Both the symlink & realpath versions of paths will be matched
+   outside of `$GIT_DIR`. E.g. if ~/git is a symlink to
+   /mnt/storage/git, both `gitdir:~/git` and `gitdir:/mnt/storage/git`
+   will match.
++
+This was not the case in the initial release of this feature in
+v2.13.0, which only matched the realpath version. Configuration that
+wants to be compatible with the initial release of this feature needs
+to either specify only the realpath version, or both versions.
+
+ * Note that "../" is not special and will match literally, which is
+   unlikely what you want.
 
 Example
 ~~~~~~~
@@ -123,8 +184,96 @@ Example
 
 	[include]
 		path = /path/to/foo.inc ; include by absolute path
-		path = foo ; expand "foo" relative to the current file
-		path = ~/foo ; expand "foo" in your $HOME directory
+		path = foo.inc ; find "foo.inc" relative to the current file
+		path = ~/foo.inc ; find "foo.inc" in your `$HOME` directory
+
+	; include if $GIT_DIR is /path/to/foo/.git
+	[includeIf "gitdir:/path/to/foo/.git"]
+		path = /path/to/foo.inc
+
+	; include for all repositories inside /path/to/group
+	[includeIf "gitdir:/path/to/group/"]
+		path = /path/to/foo.inc
+
+	; include for all repositories inside $HOME/to/group
+	[includeIf "gitdir:~/to/group/"]
+		path = /path/to/foo.inc
+
+	; relative paths are always relative to the including
+	; file (if the condition is true); their location is not
+	; affected by the condition
+	[includeIf "gitdir:/path/to/group/"]
+		path = foo.inc
+
+Values
+~~~~~~
+
+Values of many variables are treated as a simple string, but there
+are variables that take values of specific types and there are rules
+as to how to spell them.
+
+boolean::
+
+       When a variable is said to take a boolean value, many
+       synonyms are accepted for 'true' and 'false'; these are all
+       case-insensitive.
+
+	true;; Boolean true literals are `yes`, `on`, `true`,
+		and `1`.  Also, a variable defined without `= <value>`
+		is taken as true.
+
+	false;; Boolean false literals are `no`, `off`, `false`,
+		`0` and the empty string.
++
+When converting value to the canonical form using `--bool` type
+specifier, 'git config' will ensure that the output is "true" or
+"false" (spelled in lowercase).
+
+integer::
+       The value for many variables that specify various sizes can
+       be suffixed with `k`, `M`,... to mean "scale the number by
+       1024", "by 1024x1024", etc.
+
+color::
+       The value for a variable that takes a color is a list of
+       colors (at most two, one for foreground and one for background)
+       and attributes (as many as you want), separated by spaces.
++
+The basic colors accepted are `normal`, `black`, `red`, `green`, `yellow`,
+`blue`, `magenta`, `cyan` and `white`.  The first color given is the
+foreground; the second is the background.
++
+Colors may also be given as numbers between 0 and 255; these use ANSI
+256-color mode (but note that not all terminals may support this).  If
+your terminal supports it, you may also specify 24-bit RGB values as
+hex, like `#ff0ab3`.
++
+The accepted attributes are `bold`, `dim`, `ul`, `blink`, `reverse`,
+`italic`, and `strike` (for crossed-out or "strikethrough" letters).
+The position of any attributes with respect to the colors
+(before, after, or in between), doesn't matter. Specific attributes may
+be turned off by prefixing them with `no` or `no-` (e.g., `noreverse`,
+`no-ul`, etc).
++
+An empty color string produces no color effect at all. This can be used
+to avoid coloring specific elements without disabling color entirely.
++
+For git's pre-defined color slots, the attributes are meant to be reset
+at the beginning of each item in the colored output. So setting
+`color.decorate.branch` to `black` will paint that branch name in a
+plain `black`, even if the previous thing on the same output line (e.g.
+opening parenthesis before the list of branch names in `log --decorate`
+output) is set to be painted with `bold` or some other attribute.
+However, custom log formats may do more complicated and layered
+coloring, and the negated forms may be useful there.
+
+pathname::
+	A variable that takes a pathname value can be given a
+	string that begins with "`~/`" or "`~user/`", and the usual
+	tilde expansion happens to such a string: `~/`
+	is expanded to the value of `$HOME`, and `~user/` to the
+	specified user's home directory.
+
 
 Variables
 ~~~~~~~~~
@@ -195,12 +344,31 @@ advice.*::
 		Advice shown when you used linkgit:git-checkout[1] to
 		move to the detach HEAD state, to instruct how to create
 		a local branch after the fact.
+	checkoutAmbiguousRemoteBranchName::
+		Advice shown when the argument to
+		linkgit:git-checkout[1] ambiguously resolves to a
+		remote tracking branch on more than one remote in
+		situations where an unambiguous argument would have
+		otherwise caused a remote-tracking branch to be
+		checked out. See the `checkout.defaultRemote`
+		configuration variable for how to set a given remote
+		to used by default in some situations where this
+		advice would be printed.
 	amWorkDir::
 		Advice that shows the location of the patch file when
 		linkgit:git-am[1] fails to apply it.
 	rmHints::
 		In case of failure in the output of linkgit:git-rm[1],
 		show directions on how to proceed from the current state.
+	addEmbeddedRepo::
+		Advice on what to do when you've accidentally added one
+		git repo inside of another.
+	ignoredHook::
+		Advice shown if a hook is ignored because the hook is not
+		set as executable.
+	waitingForEditor::
+		Print a message to the terminal whenever Git is waiting for
+		editor input from the user.
 --
 
 core.fileMode::
@@ -208,7 +376,7 @@ core.fileMode::
 	is to be honored.
 +
 Some filesystems lose the executable bit when a file that is
-marked as executable is checked out, or checks out an
+marked as executable is checked out, or checks out a
 non-executable file with executable bit on.
 linkgit:git-clone[1] or linkgit:git-init[1] probe the filesystem
 to see if it handles the executable bit correctly
@@ -225,21 +393,30 @@ See linkgit:git-update-index[1].
 +
 The default is true (when core.filemode is not specified in the config file).
 
-core.ignorecase::
-	If true, this option enables various workarounds to enable
+core.hideDotFiles::
+	(Windows-only) If true, mark newly-created directories and files whose
+	name starts with a dot as hidden.  If 'dotGitOnly', only the `.git/`
+	directory is hidden, but no other files starting with a dot.  The
+	default mode is 'dotGitOnly'.
+
+core.ignoreCase::
+	Internal variable which enables various workarounds to enable
 	Git to work better on filesystems that are not case sensitive,
-	like FAT. For example, if a directory listing finds
-	"makefile" when Git expects "Makefile", Git will assume
+	like APFS, HFS+, FAT, NTFS, etc. For example, if a directory listing
+	finds "makefile" when Git expects "Makefile", Git will assume
 	it is really the same file, and continue to remember it as
 	"Makefile".
 +
 The default is false, except linkgit:git-clone[1] or linkgit:git-init[1]
-will probe and set core.ignorecase true if appropriate when the repository
+will probe and set core.ignoreCase true if appropriate when the repository
 is created.
++
+Git relies on the proper configuration of this variable for your operating
+and file system. Modifying this value may result in unexpected behavior.
 
-core.precomposeunicode::
+core.precomposeUnicode::
 	This option is only used by Mac OS implementation of Git.
-	When core.precomposeunicode=true, Git reverts the unicode decomposition
+	When core.precomposeUnicode=true, Git reverts the unicode decomposition
 	of filenames done by Mac OS. This is useful when sharing a repository
 	between Mac OS and Linux or Windows.
 	(Git for Windows 1.7.10 or higher is needed, or Git under cygwin 1.7).
@@ -257,6 +434,13 @@ core.protectNTFS::
 	8.3 "short" names.
 	Defaults to `true` on Windows, and `false` elsewhere.
 
+core.fsmonitor::
+	If set, the value of this variable is used as a command which
+	will identify all files that may have changed since the
+	requested date/time. This information is used to speed up git by
+	avoiding unnecessary processing of files that have not changed.
+	See the "fsmonitor-watchman" section of linkgit:githooks[5].
+
 core.trustctime::
 	If false, the ctime differences between the index and the
 	working tree are ignored; useful when the inode change time
@@ -264,29 +448,55 @@ core.trustctime::
 	crawlers and some backup systems).
 	See linkgit:git-update-index[1]. True by default.
 
-core.checkstat::
-	Determines which stat fields to match between the index
-	and work tree. The user can set this to 'default' or
-	'minimal'. Default (or explicitly 'default'), is to check
-	all fields, including the sub-second part of mtime and ctime.
-
-core.quotepath::
-	The commands that output paths (e.g. 'ls-files',
-	'diff'), when not given the `-z` option, will quote
-	"unusual" characters in the pathname by enclosing the
-	pathname in a double-quote pair and with backslashes the
-	same way strings in C source code are quoted.  If this
-	variable is set to false, the bytes higher than 0x80 are
-	not quoted but output as verbatim.  Note that double
-	quote, backslash and control characters are always
-	quoted without `-z` regardless of the setting of this
-	variable.
+core.splitIndex::
+	If true, the split-index feature of the index will be used.
+	See linkgit:git-update-index[1]. False by default.
+
+core.untrackedCache::
+	Determines what to do about the untracked cache feature of the
+	index. It will be kept, if this variable is unset or set to
+	`keep`. It will automatically be added if set to `true`. And
+	it will automatically be removed, if set to `false`. Before
+	setting it to `true`, you should check that mtime is working
+	properly on your system.
+	See linkgit:git-update-index[1]. `keep` by default.
+
+core.checkStat::
+	When missing or is set to `default`, many fields in the stat
+	structure are checked to detect if a file has been modified
+	since Git looked at it.  When this configuration variable is
+	set to `minimal`, sub-second part of mtime and ctime, the
+	uid and gid of the owner of the file, the inode number (and
+	the device number, if Git was compiled to use it), are
+	excluded from the check among these fields, leaving only the
+	whole-second part of mtime (and ctime, if `core.trustCtime`
+	is set) and the filesize to be checked.
++
+There are implementations of Git that do not leave usable values in
+some fields (e.g. JGit); by excluding these fields from the
+comparison, the `minimal` mode may help interoperability when the
+same repository is used by these other systems at the same time.
+
+core.quotePath::
+	Commands that output paths (e.g. 'ls-files', 'diff'), will
+	quote "unusual" characters in the pathname by enclosing the
+	pathname in double-quotes and escaping those characters with
+	backslashes in the same way C escapes control characters (e.g.
+	`\t` for TAB, `\n` for LF, `\\` for backslash) or bytes with
+	values larger than 0x80 (e.g. octal `\302\265` for "micro" in
+	UTF-8).  If this variable is set to false, bytes higher than
+	0x80 are not considered "unusual" any more. Double-quotes,
+	backslash and control characters are always escaped regardless
+	of the setting of this variable.  A simple space character is
+	not considered "unusual".  Many commands can output pathnames
+	completely verbatim using the `-z` option. The default value
+	is true.
 
 core.eol::
 	Sets the line ending type to use in the working directory for
-	files that have the `text` property set.  Alternatives are
-	'lf', 'crlf' and 'native', which uses the platform's native
-	line ending.  The default value is `native`.  See
+	files that have the `text` property set when core.autocrlf is false.
+	Alternatives are 'lf', 'crlf' and 'native', which uses the platform's
+	native line ending.  The default value is `native`.  See
 	linkgit:gitattributes[5] for more information on end-of-line
 	conversion.
 
@@ -336,15 +546,19 @@ file with mixed line endings would be reported by the `core.safecrlf`
 mechanism.
 
 core.autocrlf::
-	Setting this variable to "true" is almost the same as setting
-	the `text` attribute to "auto" on all files except that text
-	files are not guaranteed to be normalized: files that contain
-	`CRLF` in the repository will not be touched.  Use this
-	setting if you want to have `CRLF` line endings in your
-	working directory even though the repository does not have
-	normalized line endings.  This variable can be set to 'input',
+	Setting this variable to "true" is the same as setting
+	the `text` attribute to "auto" on all files and core.eol to "crlf".
+	Set to true if you want to have `CRLF` line endings in your
+	working directory and the repository has LF line endings.
+	This variable can be set to 'input',
 	in which case no output conversion is performed.
 
+core.checkRoundtripEncoding::
+	A comma and/or whitespace separated list of encodings that Git
+	performs UTF-8 round trip checks on if they are used in an
+	`working-tree-encoding` attribute (see linkgit:gitattributes[5]).
+	The default value is `SHIFT-JIS`.
+
 core.symlinks::
 	If false, symbolic links are checked out as small plain files that
 	contain the link text. linkgit:git-update-index[1] and
@@ -365,7 +579,7 @@ core.gitProxy::
 	may be set multiple times and is matched in the given order;
 	the first match wins.
 +
-Can be overridden by the 'GIT_PROXY_COMMAND' environment variable
+Can be overridden by the `GIT_PROXY_COMMAND` environment variable
 (which always applies universally, without the special "for"
 handling).
 +
@@ -374,6 +588,13 @@ specify that no proxy be used for a given domain pattern.
 This is useful for excluding servers inside a firewall from
 proxy use, while defaulting to a common proxy for external domains.
 
+core.sshCommand::
+	If this variable is set, `git fetch` and `git push` will
+	use the specified command instead of `ssh` when they need to
+	connect to a remote system. The command is in the same form as
+	the `GIT_SSH_COMMAND` environment variable and is overridden
+	when the environment variable is set.
+
 core.ignoreStat::
 	If true, Git will avoid using lstat() calls to detect if files have
 	changed by setting the "assume-unchanged" bit for those tracked files
@@ -409,8 +630,10 @@ false), while all other repositories are assumed to be bare (bare
 
 core.worktree::
 	Set the path to the root of the working tree.
-	This can be overridden by the GIT_WORK_TREE environment
-	variable and the '--work-tree' command-line option.
+	If `GIT_COMMON_DIR` environment variable is set, core.worktree
+	is ignored and not used for determining the root of working tree.
+	This can be overridden by the `GIT_WORK_TREE` environment
+	variable and the `--work-tree` command-line option.
 	The value can be an absolute path or relative to the path to
 	the .git directory, which is either specified by --git-dir
 	or GIT_DIR, or automatically discovered.
@@ -431,13 +654,15 @@ repository's usual working tree).
 
 core.logAllRefUpdates::
 	Enable the reflog. Updates to a ref <ref> is logged to the file
-	"$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>", by appending the new and old
+	"`$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>`", by appending the new and old
 	SHA-1, the date/time and the reason of the update, but
 	only when the file exists.  If this configuration
-	variable is set to true, missing "$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>"
+	variable is set to `true`, missing "`$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>`"
 	file is automatically created for branch heads (i.e. under
-	refs/heads/), remote refs (i.e. under refs/remotes/),
-	note refs (i.e. under refs/notes/), and the symbolic ref HEAD.
+	`refs/heads/`), remote refs (i.e. under `refs/remotes/`),
+	note refs (i.e. under `refs/notes/`), and the symbolic ref `HEAD`.
+	If it is set to `always`, then a missing reflog is automatically
+	created for any ref under `refs/`.
 +
 This information can be used to determine what commit
 was the tip of a branch "2 days ago".
@@ -474,9 +699,9 @@ core.compression::
 	-1 is the zlib default. 0 means no compression,
 	and 1..9 are various speed/size tradeoffs, 9 being slowest.
 	If set, this provides a default to other compression variables,
-	such as 'core.loosecompression' and 'pack.compression'.
+	such as `core.looseCompression` and `pack.compression`.
 
-core.loosecompression::
+core.looseCompression::
 	An integer -1..9, indicating the compression level for objects that
 	are not in a pack file. -1 is the zlib default. 0 means no
 	compression, and 1..9 are various speed/size tradeoffs, 9 being
@@ -505,7 +730,8 @@ core.packedGitLimit::
 	bytes at once to complete an operation it will unmap existing
 	regions to reclaim virtual address space within the process.
 +
-Default is 256 MiB on 32 bit platforms and 8 GiB on 64 bit platforms.
+Default is 256 MiB on 32 bit platforms and 32 TiB (effectively
+unlimited) on 64 bit platforms.
 This should be reasonable for all users/operating systems, except on
 the largest projects.  You probably do not need to adjust this value.
 +
@@ -537,40 +763,56 @@ be delta compressed, but larger binary media files won't be.
 +
 Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported.
 
-core.excludesfile::
-	In addition to '.gitignore' (per-directory) and
-	'.git/info/exclude', Git looks into this file for patterns
-	of files which are not meant to be tracked.  "`~/`" is expanded
-	to the value of `$HOME` and "`~user/`" to the specified user's
-	home directory. Its default value is $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/ignore.
-	If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is either not set or empty, $HOME/.config/git/ignore
+core.excludesFile::
+	Specifies the pathname to the file that contains patterns to
+	describe paths that are not meant to be tracked, in addition
+	to '.gitignore' (per-directory) and '.git/info/exclude'.
+	Defaults to `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/ignore`.
+	If `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` is either not set or empty, `$HOME/.config/git/ignore`
 	is used instead. See linkgit:gitignore[5].
 
-core.askpass::
+core.askPass::
 	Some commands (e.g. svn and http interfaces) that interactively
 	ask for a password can be told to use an external program given
-	via the value of this variable. Can be overridden by the 'GIT_ASKPASS'
+	via the value of this variable. Can be overridden by the `GIT_ASKPASS`
 	environment variable. If not set, fall back to the value of the
-	'SSH_ASKPASS' environment variable or, failing that, a simple password
+	`SSH_ASKPASS` environment variable or, failing that, a simple password
 	prompt. The external program shall be given a suitable prompt as
 	command-line argument and write the password on its STDOUT.
 
-core.attributesfile::
+core.attributesFile::
 	In addition to '.gitattributes' (per-directory) and
 	'.git/info/attributes', Git looks into this file for attributes
 	(see linkgit:gitattributes[5]). Path expansions are made the same
-	way as for `core.excludesfile`. Its default value is
-	$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/attributes. If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is either not
-	set or empty, $HOME/.config/git/attributes is used instead.
+	way as for `core.excludesFile`. Its default value is
+	`$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/attributes`. If `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` is either not
+	set or empty, `$HOME/.config/git/attributes` is used instead.
+
+core.hooksPath::
+	By default Git will look for your hooks in the
+	'$GIT_DIR/hooks' directory. Set this to different path,
+	e.g. '/etc/git/hooks', and Git will try to find your hooks in
+	that directory, e.g. '/etc/git/hooks/pre-receive' instead of
+	in '$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-receive'.
++
+The path can be either absolute or relative. A relative path is
+taken as relative to the directory where the hooks are run (see
+the "DESCRIPTION" section of linkgit:githooks[5]).
++
+This configuration variable is useful in cases where you'd like to
+centrally configure your Git hooks instead of configuring them on a
+per-repository basis, or as a more flexible and centralized
+alternative to having an `init.templateDir` where you've changed
+default hooks.
 
 core.editor::
-	Commands such as `commit` and `tag` that lets you edit
-	messages by launching an editor uses the value of this
+	Commands such as `commit` and `tag` that let you edit
+	messages by launching an editor use the value of this
 	variable when it is set, and the environment variable
 	`GIT_EDITOR` is not set.  See linkgit:git-var[1].
 
-core.commentchar::
-	Commands such as `commit` and `tag` that lets you edit
+core.commentChar::
+	Commands such as `commit` and `tag` that let you edit
 	messages consider a line that begins with this character
 	commented, and removes them after the editor returns
 	(default '#').
@@ -578,6 +820,18 @@ core.commentchar::
 If set to "auto", `git-commit` would select a character that is not
 the beginning character of any line in existing commit messages.
 
+core.filesRefLockTimeout::
+	The length of time, in milliseconds, to retry when trying to
+	lock an individual reference. Value 0 means not to retry at
+	all; -1 means to try indefinitely. Default is 100 (i.e.,
+	retry for 100ms).
+
+core.packedRefsTimeout::
+	The length of time, in milliseconds, to retry when trying to
+	lock the `packed-refs` file. Value 0 means not to retry at
+	all; -1 means to try indefinitely. Default is 1000 (i.e.,
+	retry for 1 second).
+
 sequence.editor::
 	Text editor used by `git rebase -i` for editing the rebase instruction file.
 	The value is meant to be interpreted by the shell when it is used.
@@ -638,7 +892,7 @@ core.whitespace::
   is relevant for `indent-with-non-tab` and when Git fixes `tab-in-indent`
   errors. The default tab width is 8. Allowed values are 1 to 63.
 
-core.fsyncobjectfiles::
+core.fsyncObjectFiles::
 	This boolean will enable 'fsync()' when writing object files.
 +
 This is a total waste of time and effort on a filesystem that orders
@@ -646,7 +900,7 @@ data writes properly, but can be useful for filesystems that do not use
 journalling (traditional UNIX filesystems) or that only journal metadata
 and not file contents (OS X's HFS+, or Linux ext3 with "data=writeback").
 
-core.preloadindex::
+core.preloadIndex::
 	Enable parallel index preload for operations like 'git diff'
 +
 This can speed up operations like 'git diff' and 'git status' especially
@@ -671,22 +925,36 @@ core.notesRef::
 	notes should be printed.
 +
 This setting defaults to "refs/notes/commits", and it can be overridden by
-the 'GIT_NOTES_REF' environment variable.  See linkgit:git-notes[1].
+the `GIT_NOTES_REF` environment variable.  See linkgit:git-notes[1].
+
+gc.commitGraph::
+	If true, then gc will rewrite the commit-graph file when
+	linkgit:git-gc[1] is run. When using linkgit:git-gc[1]
+	'--auto' the commit-graph will be updated if housekeeping is
+	required. Default is false. See linkgit:git-commit-graph[1]
+	for details.
+
+core.useReplaceRefs::
+	If set to `false`, behave as if the `--no-replace-objects`
+	option was given on the command line. See linkgit:git[1] and
+	linkgit:git-replace[1] for more information.
 
 core.sparseCheckout::
 	Enable "sparse checkout" feature. See section "Sparse checkout" in
 	linkgit:git-read-tree[1] for more information.
 
 core.abbrev::
-	Set the length object names are abbreviated to.  If unspecified,
-	many commands abbreviate to 7 hexdigits, which may not be enough
-	for abbreviated object names to stay unique for sufficiently long
-	time.
+	Set the length object names are abbreviated to.  If
+	unspecified or set to "auto", an appropriate value is
+	computed based on the approximate number of packed objects
+	in your repository, which hopefully is enough for
+	abbreviated object names to stay unique for some time.
+	The minimum length is 4.
 
 add.ignoreErrors::
 add.ignore-errors (deprecated)::
 	Tells 'git add' to continue adding files when some files cannot be
-	added due to indexing errors. Equivalent to the '--ignore-errors'
+	added due to indexing errors. Equivalent to the `--ignore-errors`
 	option of linkgit:git-add[1].  `add.ignore-errors` is deprecated,
 	as it does not follow the usual naming convention for configuration
 	variables.
@@ -707,19 +975,27 @@ it will be treated as a shell command.  For example, defining
 "gitk --all --not ORIG_HEAD".  Note that shell commands will be
 executed from the top-level directory of a repository, which may
 not necessarily be the current directory.
-'GIT_PREFIX' is set as returned by running 'git rev-parse --show-prefix'
+`GIT_PREFIX` is set as returned by running 'git rev-parse --show-prefix'
 from the original current directory. See linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
 
 am.keepcr::
 	If true, git-am will call git-mailsplit for patches in mbox format
-	with parameter '--keep-cr'. In this case git-mailsplit will
+	with parameter `--keep-cr`. In this case git-mailsplit will
 	not remove `\r` from lines ending with `\r\n`. Can be overridden
-	by giving '--no-keep-cr' from the command line.
+	by giving `--no-keep-cr` from the command line.
 	See linkgit:git-am[1], linkgit:git-mailsplit[1].
 
-apply.ignorewhitespace::
+am.threeWay::
+	By default, `git am` will fail if the patch does not apply cleanly. When
+	set to true, this setting tells `git am` to fall back on 3-way merge if
+	the patch records the identity of blobs it is supposed to apply to and
+	we have those blobs available locally (equivalent to giving the `--3way`
+	option from the command line). Defaults to `false`.
+	See linkgit:git-am[1].
+
+apply.ignoreWhitespace::
 	When set to 'change', tells 'git apply' to ignore changes in
-	whitespace, in the same way as the '--ignore-space-change'
+	whitespace, in the same way as the `--ignore-space-change`
 	option.
 	When set to one of: no, none, never, false tells 'git apply' to
 	respect all whitespace differences.
@@ -727,9 +1003,31 @@ apply.ignorewhitespace::
 
 apply.whitespace::
 	Tells 'git apply' how to handle whitespaces, in the same way
-	as the '--whitespace' option. See linkgit:git-apply[1].
+	as the `--whitespace` option. See linkgit:git-apply[1].
+
+blame.blankBoundary::
+	Show blank commit object name for boundary commits in
+	linkgit:git-blame[1]. This option defaults to false.
+
+blame.coloring::
+	This determines the coloring scheme to be applied to blame
+	output. It can be 'repeatedLines', 'highlightRecent',
+	or 'none' which is the default.
+
+blame.date::
+	Specifies the format used to output dates in linkgit:git-blame[1].
+	If unset the iso format is used. For supported values,
+	see the discussion of the `--date` option at linkgit:git-log[1].
+
+blame.showEmail::
+	Show the author email instead of author name in linkgit:git-blame[1].
+	This option defaults to false.
 
-branch.autosetupmerge::
+blame.showRoot::
+	Do not treat root commits as boundaries in linkgit:git-blame[1].
+	This option defaults to false.
+
+branch.autoSetupMerge::
 	Tells 'git branch' and 'git checkout' to set up new branches
 	so that linkgit:git-pull[1] will appropriately merge from the
 	starting point branch. Note that even if this option is not set,
@@ -741,7 +1039,7 @@ branch.autosetupmerge::
 	local branch or remote-tracking
 	branch. This option defaults to true.
 
-branch.autosetuprebase::
+branch.autoSetupRebase::
 	When a new branch is created with 'git branch' or 'git checkout'
 	that tracks another branch, this variable tells Git to set
 	up pull to rebase instead of merge (see "branch.<name>.rebase").
@@ -752,27 +1050,33 @@ branch.autosetuprebase::
 	remote-tracking branches.
 	When `always`, rebase will be set to true for all tracking
 	branches.
-	See "branch.autosetupmerge" for details on how to set up a
+	See "branch.autoSetupMerge" for details on how to set up a
 	branch to track another branch.
 	This option defaults to never.
 
+branch.sort::
+	This variable controls the sort ordering of branches when displayed by
+	linkgit:git-branch[1]. Without the "--sort=<value>" option provided, the
+	value of this variable will be used as the default.
+	See linkgit:git-for-each-ref[1] field names for valid values.
+
 branch.<name>.remote::
 	When on branch <name>, it tells 'git fetch' and 'git push'
 	which remote to fetch from/push to.  The remote to push to
-	may be overridden with `remote.pushdefault` (for all branches).
+	may be overridden with `remote.pushDefault` (for all branches).
 	The remote to push to, for the current branch, may be further
-	overridden by `branch.<name>.pushremote`.  If no remote is
+	overridden by `branch.<name>.pushRemote`.  If no remote is
 	configured, or if you are not on any branch, it defaults to
-	`origin` for fetching and `remote.pushdefault` for pushing.
+	`origin` for fetching and `remote.pushDefault` for pushing.
 	Additionally, `.` (a period) is the current local repository
 	(a dot-repository), see `branch.<name>.merge`'s final note below.
 
-branch.<name>.pushremote::
+branch.<name>.pushRemote::
 	When on branch <name>, it overrides `branch.<name>.remote` for
-	pushing.  It also overrides `remote.pushdefault` for pushing
+	pushing.  It also overrides `remote.pushDefault` for pushing
 	from branch <name>.  When you pull from one place (e.g. your
 	upstream) and push to another place (e.g. your own publishing
-	repository), you would want to set `remote.pushdefault` to
+	repository), you would want to set `remote.pushDefault` to
 	specify the remote to push to for all branches, and use this
 	option to override it for a specific branch.
 
@@ -794,7 +1098,7 @@ branch.<name>.merge::
 	branch.<name>.merge to the desired branch, and use the relative path
 	setting `.` (a period) for branch.<name>.remote.
 
-branch.<name>.mergeoptions::
+branch.<name>.mergeOptions::
 	Sets default options for merging into branch <name>. The syntax and
 	supported options are the same as those of linkgit:git-merge[1], but
 	option values containing whitespace characters are currently not
@@ -806,9 +1110,15 @@ branch.<name>.rebase::
 	"git pull" is run. See "pull.rebase" for doing this in a non
 	branch-specific manner.
 +
-	When preserve, also pass `--preserve-merges` along to 'git rebase'
-	so that locally committed merge commits will not be flattened
-	by running 'git pull'.
+When `merges`, pass the `--rebase-merges` option to 'git rebase'
+so that the local merge commits are included in the rebase (see
+linkgit:git-rebase[1] for details).
++
+When preserve, also pass `--preserve-merges` along to 'git rebase'
+so that locally committed merge commits will not be flattened
+by running 'git pull'.
++
+When the value is `interactive`, the rebase is run in interactive mode.
 +
 *NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use
 it unless you understand the implications (see linkgit:git-rebase[1]
@@ -827,18 +1137,67 @@ browser.<tool>.cmd::
 
 browser.<tool>.path::
 	Override the path for the given tool that may be used to
-	browse HTML help (see '-w' option in linkgit:git-help[1]) or a
+	browse HTML help (see `-w` option in linkgit:git-help[1]) or a
 	working repository in gitweb (see linkgit:git-instaweb[1]).
 
+checkout.defaultRemote::
+	When you run 'git checkout <something>' and only have one
+	remote, it may implicitly fall back on checking out and
+	tracking e.g. 'origin/<something>'. This stops working as soon
+	as you have more than one remote with a '<something>'
+	reference. This setting allows for setting the name of a
+	preferred remote that should always win when it comes to
+	disambiguation. The typical use-case is to set this to
+	`origin`.
++
+Currently this is used by linkgit:git-checkout[1] when 'git checkout
+<something>' will checkout the '<something>' branch on another remote,
+and by linkgit:git-worktree[1] when 'git worktree add' refers to a
+remote branch. This setting might be used for other checkout-like
+commands or functionality in the future.
+
 clean.requireForce::
 	A boolean to make git-clean do nothing unless given -f,
 	-i or -n.   Defaults to true.
 
+color.advice::
+	A boolean to enable/disable color in hints (e.g. when a push
+	failed, see `advice.*` for a list).  May be set to `always`,
+	`false` (or `never`) or `auto` (or `true`), in which case colors
+	are used only when the error output goes to a terminal. If
+	unset, then the value of `color.ui` is used (`auto` by default).
+
+color.advice.hint::
+	Use customized color for hints.
+
+color.blame.highlightRecent::
+	This can be used to color the metadata of a blame line depending
+	on age of the line.
++
+This setting should be set to a comma-separated list of color and date settings,
+starting and ending with a color, the dates should be set from oldest to newest.
+The metadata will be colored given the colors if the the line was introduced
+before the given timestamp, overwriting older timestamped colors.
++
+Instead of an absolute timestamp relative timestamps work as well, e.g.
+2.weeks.ago is valid to address anything older than 2 weeks.
++
+It defaults to 'blue,12 month ago,white,1 month ago,red', which colors
+everything older than one year blue, recent changes between one month and
+one year old are kept white, and lines introduced within the last month are
+colored red.
+
+color.blame.repeatedLines::
+	Use the customized color for the part of git-blame output that
+	is repeated meta information per line (such as commit id,
+	author name, date and timezone). Defaults to cyan.
+
 color.branch::
 	A boolean to enable/disable color in the output of
 	linkgit:git-branch[1]. May be set to `always`,
 	`false` (or `never`) or `auto` (or `true`), in which case colors are used
-	only when the output is to a terminal. Defaults to false.
+	only when the output is to a terminal. If unset, then the
+	value of `color.ui` is used (`auto` by default).
 
 color.branch.<slot>::
 	Use customized color for branch coloration. `<slot>` is one of
@@ -846,20 +1205,6 @@ color.branch.<slot>::
 	`remote` (a remote-tracking branch in refs/remotes/),
 	`upstream` (upstream tracking branch), `plain` (other
 	refs).
-+
-The value for these configuration variables is a list of colors (at most
-two) and attributes (at most one), separated by spaces.  The colors
-accepted are `normal`, `black`, `red`, `green`, `yellow`, `blue`,
-`magenta`, `cyan` and `white`; the attributes are `bold`, `dim`, `ul`,
-`blink` and `reverse`.  The first color given is the foreground; the
-second is the background.  The position of the attribute, if any,
-doesn't matter. Attributes may be turned off specifically by prefixing
-them with `no` (e.g., `noreverse`, `noul`, etc).
-+
-Colors (foreground and background) may also be given as numbers between
-0 and 255; these use ANSI 256-color mode (but note that not all
-terminals may support this).  If your terminal supports it, you may also
-specify 24-bit RGB values as hex, like `#ff0ab3`.
 
 color.diff::
 	Whether to use ANSI escape sequences to add color to patches.
@@ -867,7 +1212,8 @@ color.diff::
 	linkgit:git-log[1], and linkgit:git-show[1] will use color
 	for all patches.  If it is set to `true` or `auto`, those
 	commands will only use color when output is to the terminal.
-	Defaults to false.
+	If unset, then the value of `color.ui` is used (`auto` by
+	default).
 +
 This does not affect linkgit:git-format-patch[1] or the
 'git-diff-{asterisk}' plumbing commands.  Can be overridden on the
@@ -876,21 +1222,29 @@ command line with the `--color[=<when>]` option.
 color.diff.<slot>::
 	Use customized color for diff colorization.  `<slot>` specifies
 	which part of the patch to use the specified color, and is one
-	of `plain` (context text), `meta` (metainformation), `frag`
+	of `context` (context text - `plain` is a historical synonym),
+	`meta` (metainformation), `frag`
 	(hunk header), 'func' (function in hunk header), `old` (removed lines),
-	`new` (added lines), `commit` (commit headers), or `whitespace`
-	(highlighting whitespace errors). The values of these variables may be
-	specified as in color.branch.<slot>.
+	`new` (added lines), `commit` (commit headers), `whitespace`
+	(highlighting whitespace errors), `oldMoved` (deleted lines),
+	`newMoved` (added lines), `oldMovedDimmed`, `oldMovedAlternative`,
+	`oldMovedAlternativeDimmed`, `newMovedDimmed`, `newMovedAlternative`
+	`newMovedAlternativeDimmed` (See the '<mode>'
+	setting of '--color-moved' in linkgit:git-diff[1] for details),
+	`contextDimmed`, `oldDimmed`, `newDimmed`, `contextBold`,
+	`oldBold`, and `newBold` (see linkgit:git-range-diff[1] for details).
 
 color.decorate.<slot>::
 	Use customized color for 'git log --decorate' output.  `<slot>` is one
 	of `branch`, `remoteBranch`, `tag`, `stash` or `HEAD` for local
-	branches, remote-tracking branches, tags, stash and HEAD, respectively.
+	branches, remote-tracking branches, tags, stash and HEAD, respectively
+	and `grafted` for grafted commits.
 
 color.grep::
 	When set to `always`, always highlight matches.  When `false` (or
 	`never`), never.  When set to `true` or `auto`, use color only
-	when the output is written to the terminal.  Defaults to `false`.
+	when the output is written to the terminal.  If unset, then the
+	value of `color.ui` is used (`auto` by default).
 
 color.grep.<slot>::
 	Use customized color for grep colorization.  `<slot>` specifies which
@@ -903,8 +1257,10 @@ color.grep.<slot>::
 	filename prefix (when not using `-h`)
 `function`;;
 	function name lines (when using `-p`)
-`linenumber`;;
+`lineNumber`;;
 	line number prefix (when using `-n`)
+`column`;;
+	column number prefix (when using `--column`)
 `match`;;
 	matching text (same as setting `matchContext` and `matchSelected`)
 `matchContext`;;
@@ -917,38 +1273,59 @@ color.grep.<slot>::
 	separators between fields on a line (`:`, `-`, and `=`)
 	and between hunks (`--`)
 --
-+
-The values of these variables may be specified as in color.branch.<slot>.
 
 color.interactive::
 	When set to `always`, always use colors for interactive prompts
 	and displays (such as those used by "git-add --interactive" and
 	"git-clean --interactive"). When false (or `never`), never.
 	When set to `true` or `auto`, use colors only when the output is
-	to the terminal. Defaults to false.
+	to the terminal. If unset, then the value of `color.ui` is
+	used (`auto` by default).
 
 color.interactive.<slot>::
 	Use customized color for 'git add --interactive' and 'git clean
 	--interactive' output. `<slot>` may be `prompt`, `header`, `help`
 	or `error`, for four distinct types of normal output from
-	interactive commands.  The values of these variables may be
-	specified as in color.branch.<slot>.
+	interactive commands.
 
 color.pager::
 	A boolean to enable/disable colored output when the pager is in
 	use (default is true).
 
-color.showbranch::
+color.push::
+	A boolean to enable/disable color in push errors. May be set to
+	`always`, `false` (or `never`) or `auto` (or `true`), in which
+	case colors are used only when the error output goes to a terminal.
+	If unset, then the value of `color.ui` is used (`auto` by default).
+
+color.push.error::
+	Use customized color for push errors.
+
+color.remote::
+	If set, keywords at the start of the line are highlighted. The
+	keywords are "error", "warning", "hint" and "success", and are
+	matched case-insensitively. May be set to `always`, `false` (or
+	`never`) or `auto` (or `true`). If unset, then the value of
+	`color.ui` is used (`auto` by default).
+
+color.remote.<slot>::
+	Use customized color for each remote keyword. `<slot>` may be
+	`hint`, `warning`, `success` or `error` which match the
+	corresponding keyword.
+
+color.showBranch::
 	A boolean to enable/disable color in the output of
 	linkgit:git-show-branch[1]. May be set to `always`,
 	`false` (or `never`) or `auto` (or `true`), in which case colors are used
-	only when the output is to a terminal. Defaults to false.
+	only when the output is to a terminal. If unset, then the
+	value of `color.ui` is used (`auto` by default).
 
 color.status::
 	A boolean to enable/disable color in the output of
 	linkgit:git-status[1]. May be set to `always`,
 	`false` (or `never`) or `auto` (or `true`), in which case colors are used
-	only when the output is to a terminal. Defaults to false.
+	only when the output is to a terminal. If unset, then the
+	value of `color.ui` is used (`auto` by default).
 
 color.status.<slot>::
 	Use customized color for status colorization. `<slot>` is
@@ -958,10 +1335,20 @@ color.status.<slot>::
 	`untracked` (files which are not tracked by Git),
 	`branch` (the current branch),
 	`nobranch` (the color the 'no branch' warning is shown in, defaulting
-	to red), or
+	to red),
+	`localBranch` or `remoteBranch` (the local and remote branch names,
+	respectively, when branch and tracking information is displayed in the
+	status short-format), or
 	`unmerged` (files which have unmerged changes).
-	The values of these variables may be specified as in
-	color.branch.<slot>.
+
+color.transport::
+	A boolean to enable/disable color when pushes are rejected. May be
+	set to `always`, `false` (or `never`) or `auto` (or `true`), in which
+	case colors are used only when the error output goes to a terminal.
+	If unset, then the value of `color.ui` is used (`auto` by default).
+
+color.transport.rejected::
+	Use customized color when a push was rejected.
 
 color.ui::
 	This variable determines the default value for variables such
@@ -1040,7 +1427,7 @@ commit.cleanup::
 	have to remove the help lines that begin with `#` in the commit log
 	template yourself, if you do this).
 
-commit.gpgsign::
+commit.gpgSign::
 
 	A boolean to specify whether all commits should be GPG signed.
 	Use of this option when doing operations such as rebase can
@@ -1054,15 +1441,19 @@ commit.status::
 	message.  Defaults to true.
 
 commit.template::
-	Specify a file to use as the template for new commit messages.
-	"`~/`" is expanded to the value of `$HOME` and "`~user/`" to the
-	specified user's home directory.
+	Specify the pathname of a file to use as the template for
+	new commit messages.
+
+commit.verbose::
+	A boolean or int to specify the level of verbose with `git commit`.
+	See linkgit:git-commit[1].
 
 credential.helper::
 	Specify an external helper to be called when a username or
 	password credential is needed; the helper may consult external
-	storage to avoid prompting the user for the credentials. See
-	linkgit:gitcredentials[7] for details.
+	storage to avoid prompting the user for the credentials. Note
+	that multiple helpers may be defined. See linkgit:gitcredentials[7]
+	for details.
 
 credential.useHttpPath::
 	When acquiring credentials, consider the "path" component of an http
@@ -1081,6 +1472,17 @@ credential.<url>.*::
 	example.com. See linkgit:gitcredentials[7] for details on how URLs are
 	matched.
 
+credentialCache.ignoreSIGHUP::
+	Tell git-credential-cache--daemon to ignore SIGHUP, instead of quitting.
+
+completion.commands::
+	This is only used by git-completion.bash to add or remove
+	commands from the list of completed commands. Normally only
+	porcelain commands and a few select others are completed. You
+	can add more commands, separated by space, in this
+	variable. Prefixing the command with '-' will remove it from
+	the existing list.
+
 include::diff-config.txt[]
 
 difftool.<tool>.path::
@@ -1098,6 +1500,15 @@ difftool.<tool>.cmd::
 difftool.prompt::
 	Prompt before each invocation of the diff tool.
 
+fastimport.unpackLimit::
+	If the number of objects imported by linkgit:git-fast-import[1]
+	is below this limit, then the objects will be unpacked into
+	loose object files.  However if the number of imported objects
+	equals or exceeds this limit then the pack will be stored as a
+	pack.  Storing the pack from a fast-import can make the import
+	operation complete faster, especially on slow filesystems.  If
+	not set, the value of `transfer.unpackLimit` is used instead.
+
 fetch.recurseSubmodules::
 	This option can be either set to a boolean value or to 'on-demand'.
 	Setting it to a boolean changes the behavior of fetch and pull to
@@ -1109,10 +1520,19 @@ fetch.recurseSubmodules::
 
 fetch.fsckObjects::
 	If it is set to true, git-fetch-pack will check all fetched
-	objects. It will abort in the case of a malformed object or a
-	broken link. The result of an abort are only dangling objects.
-	Defaults to false. If not set, the value of `transfer.fsckObjects`
-	is used instead.
+	objects. See `transfer.fsckObjects` for what's
+	checked. Defaults to false. If not set, the value of
+	`transfer.fsckObjects` is used instead.
+
+fetch.fsck.<msg-id>::
+	Acts like `fsck.<msg-id>`, but is used by
+	linkgit:git-fetch-pack[1] instead of linkgit:git-fsck[1]. See
+	the `fsck.<msg-id>` documentation for details.
+
+fetch.fsck.skipList::
+	Acts like `fsck.skipList`, but is used by
+	linkgit:git-fetch-pack[1] instead of linkgit:git-fsck[1]. See
+	the `fsck.skipList` documentation for details.
 
 fetch.unpackLimit::
 	If the number of objects fetched over the Git native
@@ -1127,7 +1547,33 @@ fetch.unpackLimit::
 
 fetch.prune::
 	If true, fetch will automatically behave as if the `--prune`
-	option was given on the command line.  See also `remote.<name>.prune`.
+	option was given on the command line.  See also `remote.<name>.prune`
+	and the PRUNING section of linkgit:git-fetch[1].
+
+fetch.pruneTags::
+	If true, fetch will automatically behave as if the
+	`refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*` refspec was provided when pruning,
+	if not set already. This allows for setting both this option
+	and `fetch.prune` to maintain a 1=1 mapping to upstream
+	refs. See also `remote.<name>.pruneTags` and the PRUNING
+	section of linkgit:git-fetch[1].
+
+fetch.output::
+	Control how ref update status is printed. Valid values are
+	`full` and `compact`. Default value is `full`. See section
+	OUTPUT in linkgit:git-fetch[1] for detail.
+
+fetch.negotiationAlgorithm::
+	Control how information about the commits in the local repository is
+	sent when negotiating the contents of the packfile to be sent by the
+	server. Set to "skipping" to use an algorithm that skips commits in an
+	effort to converge faster, but may result in a larger-than-necessary
+	packfile; The default is "default" which instructs Git to use the default algorithm
+	that never skips commits (unless the server has acknowledged it or one
+	of its descendants).
+	Unknown values will cause 'git fetch' to error out.
++
+See also the `--negotiation-tip` option for linkgit:git-fetch[1].
 
 format.attach::
 	Enable multipart/mixed attachments as the default for
@@ -1136,6 +1582,16 @@ format.attach::
 	value as the boundary.  See the --attach option in
 	linkgit:git-format-patch[1].
 
+format.from::
+	Provides the default value for the `--from` option to format-patch.
+	Accepts a boolean value, or a name and email address.  If false,
+	format-patch defaults to `--no-from`, using commit authors directly in
+	the "From:" field of patch mails.  If true, format-patch defaults to
+	`--from`, using your committer identity in the "From:" field of patch
+	mails and including a "From:" field in the body of the patch mail if
+	different.  If set to a non-boolean value, format-patch uses that
+	value instead of your committer identity.  Defaults to false.
+
 format.numbered::
 	A boolean which can enable or disable sequence numbers in patch
 	subjects.  It defaults to "auto" which enables it only if there
@@ -1153,7 +1609,7 @@ format.cc::
 	by mail.  See the --to and --cc options in
 	linkgit:git-format-patch[1].
 
-format.subjectprefix::
+format.subjectPrefix::
 	The default for format-patch is to output files with the '[PATCH]'
 	subject prefix. Use this variable to change that prefix.
 
@@ -1163,7 +1619,7 @@ format.signature::
 	Set this variable to the empty string ("") to suppress
 	signature generation.
 
-format.signaturefile::
+format.signatureFile::
 	Works just like format.signature except the contents of the
 	file specified by this variable will be used as the signature.
 
@@ -1187,7 +1643,7 @@ format.thread::
 	A true boolean value is the same as `shallow`, and a false
 	value disables threading.
 
-format.signoff::
+format.signOff::
 	A boolean value which lets you enable the `-s/--signoff` option of
 	format-patch by default. *Note:* Adding the Signed-off-by: line to a
 	patch should be a conscious act and means that you certify you have
@@ -1199,6 +1655,14 @@ format.coverLetter::
 	format-patch is invoked, but in addition can be set to "auto", to
 	generate a cover-letter only when there's more than one patch.
 
+format.outputDirectory::
+	Set a custom directory to store the resulting files instead of the
+	current working directory.
+
+format.useAutoBase::
+	A boolean value which lets you enable the `--base=auto` option of
+	format-patch by default.
+
 filter.<driver>.clean::
 	The command which is used to convert the content of a worktree
 	file to a blob upon checkin.  See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for
@@ -1209,10 +1673,65 @@ filter.<driver>.smudge::
 	object to a worktree file upon checkout.  See
 	linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
 
+fsck.<msg-id>::
+	During fsck git may find issues with legacy data which
+	wouldn't be generated by current versions of git, and which
+	wouldn't be sent over the wire if `transfer.fsckObjects` was
+	set. This feature is intended to support working with legacy
+	repositories containing such data.
++
+Setting `fsck.<msg-id>` will be picked up by linkgit:git-fsck[1], but
+to accept pushes of such data set `receive.fsck.<msg-id>` instead, or
+to clone or fetch it set `fetch.fsck.<msg-id>`.
++
+The rest of the documentation discusses `fsck.*` for brevity, but the
+same applies for the corresponding `receive.fsck.*` and
+`fetch.<msg-id>.*`. variables.
++
+Unlike variables like `color.ui` and `core.editor` the
+`receive.fsck.<msg-id>` and `fetch.fsck.<msg-id>` variables will not
+fall back on the `fsck.<msg-id>` configuration if they aren't set. To
+uniformly configure the same fsck settings in different circumstances
+all three of them they must all set to the same values.
++
+When `fsck.<msg-id>` is set, errors can be switched to warnings and
+vice versa by configuring the `fsck.<msg-id>` setting where the
+`<msg-id>` is the fsck message ID and the value is one of `error`,
+`warn` or `ignore`. For convenience, fsck prefixes the error/warning
+with the message ID, e.g. "missingEmail: invalid author/committer line
+- missing email" means that setting `fsck.missingEmail = ignore` will
+hide that issue.
++
+In general, it is better to enumerate existing objects with problems
+with `fsck.skipList`, instead of listing the kind of breakages these
+problematic objects share to be ignored, as doing the latter will
+allow new instances of the same breakages go unnoticed.
++
+Setting an unknown `fsck.<msg-id>` value will cause fsck to die, but
+doing the same for `receive.fsck.<msg-id>` and `fetch.fsck.<msg-id>`
+will only cause git to warn.
+
+fsck.skipList::
+	The path to a sorted list of object names (i.e. one SHA-1 per
+	line) that are known to be broken in a non-fatal way and should
+	be ignored. This feature is useful when an established project
+	should be accepted despite early commits containing errors that
+	can be safely ignored such as invalid committer email addresses.
+	Note: corrupt objects cannot be skipped with this setting.
++
+Like `fsck.<msg-id>` this variable has corresponding
+`receive.fsck.skipList` and `fetch.fsck.skipList` variants.
++
+Unlike variables like `color.ui` and `core.editor` the
+`receive.fsck.skipList` and `fetch.fsck.skipList` variables will not
+fall back on the `fsck.skipList` configuration if they aren't set. To
+uniformly configure the same fsck settings in different circumstances
+all three of them they must all set to the same values.
+
 gc.aggressiveDepth::
 	The depth parameter used in the delta compression
 	algorithm used by 'git gc --aggressive'.  This defaults
-	to 250.
+	to 50.
 
 gc.aggressiveWindow::
 	The window size parameter used in the delta compression
@@ -1226,17 +1745,35 @@ gc.auto::
 	light-weight garbage collection from time to time.  The
 	default value is 6700.  Setting this to 0 disables it.
 
-gc.autopacklimit::
+gc.autoPackLimit::
 	When there are more than this many packs that are not
 	marked with `*.keep` file in the repository, `git gc
 	--auto` consolidates them into one larger pack.  The
 	default	value is 50.  Setting this to 0 disables it.
 
-gc.autodetach::
+gc.autoDetach::
 	Make `git gc --auto` return immediately and run in background
 	if the system supports it. Default is true.
 
-gc.packrefs::
+gc.bigPackThreshold::
+	If non-zero, all packs larger than this limit are kept when
+	`git gc` is run. This is very similar to `--keep-base-pack`
+	except that all packs that meet the threshold are kept, not
+	just the base pack. Defaults to zero. Common unit suffixes of
+	'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported.
++
+Note that if the number of kept packs is more than gc.autoPackLimit,
+this configuration variable is ignored, all packs except the base pack
+will be repacked. After this the number of packs should go below
+gc.autoPackLimit and gc.bigPackThreshold should be respected again.
+
+gc.logExpiry::
+	If the file gc.log exists, then `git gc --auto` won't run
+	unless that file is more than 'gc.logExpiry' old.  Default is
+	"1.day".  See `gc.pruneExpire` for more ways to specify its
+	value.
+
+gc.packRefs::
 	Running `git pack-refs` in a repository renders it
 	unclonable by Git versions prior to 1.5.1.2 over dumb
 	transports such as HTTP.  This variable determines whether
@@ -1244,38 +1781,55 @@ gc.packrefs::
 	to enable it within all non-bare repos or it can be set to a
 	boolean value.  The default is `true`.
 
-gc.pruneexpire::
+gc.pruneExpire::
 	When 'git gc' is run, it will call 'prune --expire 2.weeks.ago'.
 	Override the grace period with this config variable.  The value
-	"now" may be used to disable this  grace period and always prune
-	unreachable objects immediately.
-
-gc.reflogexpire::
-gc.<pattern>.reflogexpire::
+	"now" may be used to disable this grace period and always prune
+	unreachable objects immediately, or "never" may be used to
+	suppress pruning.  This feature helps prevent corruption when
+	'git gc' runs concurrently with another process writing to the
+	repository; see the "NOTES" section of linkgit:git-gc[1].
+
+gc.worktreePruneExpire::
+	When 'git gc' is run, it calls
+	'git worktree prune --expire 3.months.ago'.
+	This config variable can be used to set a different grace
+	period. The value "now" may be used to disable the grace
+	period and prune `$GIT_DIR/worktrees` immediately, or "never"
+	may be used to suppress pruning.
+
+gc.reflogExpire::
+gc.<pattern>.reflogExpire::
 	'git reflog expire' removes reflog entries older than
-	this time; defaults to 90 days.  With "<pattern>" (e.g.
+	this time; defaults to 90 days. The value "now" expires all
+	entries immediately, and "never" suppresses expiration
+	altogether. With "<pattern>" (e.g.
 	"refs/stash") in the middle the setting applies only to
 	the refs that match the <pattern>.
 
-gc.reflogexpireunreachable::
-gc.<ref>.reflogexpireunreachable::
+gc.reflogExpireUnreachable::
+gc.<pattern>.reflogExpireUnreachable::
 	'git reflog expire' removes reflog entries older than
 	this time and are not reachable from the current tip;
-	defaults to 30 days.  With "<pattern>" (e.g. "refs/stash")
+	defaults to 30 days. The value "now" expires all entries
+	immediately, and "never" suppresses expiration altogether.
+	With "<pattern>" (e.g. "refs/stash")
 	in the middle, the setting applies only to the refs that
 	match the <pattern>.
 
-gc.rerereresolved::
+gc.rerereResolved::
 	Records of conflicted merge you resolved earlier are
 	kept for this many days when 'git rerere gc' is run.
+	You can also use more human-readable "1.month.ago", etc.
 	The default is 60 days.  See linkgit:git-rerere[1].
 
-gc.rerereunresolved::
+gc.rerereUnresolved::
 	Records of conflicted merge you have not resolved are
 	kept for this many days when 'git rerere gc' is run.
+	You can also use more human-readable "1.month.ago", etc.
 	The default is 15 days.  See linkgit:git-rerere[1].
 
-gitcvs.commitmsgannotation::
+gitcvs.commitMsgAnnotation::
 	Append this string to each commit message. Set to empty string
 	to disable this feature. Defaults to "via git-CVS emulator".
 
@@ -1283,32 +1837,32 @@ gitcvs.enabled::
 	Whether the CVS server interface is enabled for this repository.
 	See linkgit:git-cvsserver[1].
 
-gitcvs.logfile::
+gitcvs.logFile::
 	Path to a log file where the CVS server interface well... logs
 	various stuff. See linkgit:git-cvsserver[1].
 
 gitcvs.usecrlfattr::
 	If true, the server will look up the end-of-line conversion
-	attributes for files to determine the '-k' modes to use. If
+	attributes for files to determine the `-k` modes to use. If
 	the attributes force Git to treat a file as text,
-	the '-k' mode will be left blank so CVS clients will
+	the `-k` mode will be left blank so CVS clients will
 	treat it as text. If they suppress text conversion, the file
 	will be set with '-kb' mode, which suppresses any newline munging
 	the client might otherwise do. If the attributes do not allow
-	the file type to be determined, then 'gitcvs.allbinary' is
+	the file type to be determined, then `gitcvs.allBinary` is
 	used. See linkgit:gitattributes[5].
 
-gitcvs.allbinary::
-	This is used if 'gitcvs.usecrlfattr' does not resolve
+gitcvs.allBinary::
+	This is used if `gitcvs.usecrlfattr` does not resolve
 	the correct '-kb' mode to use. If true, all
 	unresolved files are sent to the client in
 	mode '-kb'. This causes the client to treat them
 	as binary files, which suppresses any newline munging it
 	otherwise might do. Alternatively, if it is set to "guess",
 	then the contents of the file are examined to decide if
-	it is binary, similar to 'core.autocrlf'.
+	it is binary, similar to `core.autocrlf`.
 
-gitcvs.dbname::
+gitcvs.dbName::
 	Database used by git-cvsserver to cache revision information
 	derived from the Git repository. The exact meaning depends on the
 	used database driver, for SQLite (which is the default driver) this
@@ -1316,7 +1870,7 @@ gitcvs.dbname::
 	linkgit:git-cvsserver[1] for details). May not contain semicolons (`;`).
 	Default: '%Ggitcvs.%m.sqlite'
 
-gitcvs.dbdriver::
+gitcvs.dbDriver::
 	Used Perl DBI driver. You can specify any available driver
 	for this here, but it might not work. git-cvsserver is tested
 	with 'DBD::SQLite', reported to work with 'DBD::Pg', and
@@ -1324,10 +1878,10 @@ gitcvs.dbdriver::
 	May not contain double colons (`:`). Default: 'SQLite'.
 	See linkgit:git-cvsserver[1].
 
-gitcvs.dbuser, gitcvs.dbpass::
-	Database user and password. Only useful if setting 'gitcvs.dbdriver',
+gitcvs.dbUser, gitcvs.dbPass::
+	Database user and password. Only useful if setting `gitcvs.dbDriver`,
 	since SQLite has no concept of database users and/or passwords.
-	'gitcvs.dbuser' supports variable substitution (see
+	'gitcvs.dbUser' supports variable substitution (see
 	linkgit:git-cvsserver[1] for details).
 
 gitcvs.dbTableNamePrefix::
@@ -1337,8 +1891,8 @@ gitcvs.dbTableNamePrefix::
 	linkgit:git-cvsserver[1] for details).  Any non-alphabetic
 	characters will be replaced with underscores.
 
-All gitcvs variables except for 'gitcvs.usecrlfattr' and
-'gitcvs.allbinary' can also be specified as
+All gitcvs variables except for `gitcvs.usecrlfattr` and
+`gitcvs.allBinary` can also be specified as
 'gitcvs.<access_method>.<varname>' (where 'access_method'
 is one of "ext" and "pserver") to make them apply only for the given
 access method.
@@ -1356,45 +1910,66 @@ gitweb.highlight::
 gitweb.patches::
 gitweb.pickaxe::
 gitweb.remote_heads::
-gitweb.showsizes::
+gitweb.showSizes::
 gitweb.snapshot::
 	See linkgit:gitweb.conf[5] for description.
 
 grep.lineNumber::
-	If set to true, enable '-n' option by default.
+	If set to true, enable `-n` option by default.
+
+grep.column::
+	If set to true, enable the `--column` option by default.
 
 grep.patternType::
 	Set the default matching behavior. Using a value of 'basic', 'extended',
-	'fixed', or 'perl' will enable the '--basic-regexp', '--extended-regexp',
-	'--fixed-strings', or '--perl-regexp' option accordingly, while the
+	'fixed', or 'perl' will enable the `--basic-regexp`, `--extended-regexp`,
+	`--fixed-strings`, or `--perl-regexp` option accordingly, while the
 	value 'default' will return to the default matching behavior.
 
 grep.extendedRegexp::
-	If set to true, enable '--extended-regexp' option by default. This
-	option is ignored when the 'grep.patternType' option is set to a value
+	If set to true, enable `--extended-regexp` option by default. This
+	option is ignored when the `grep.patternType` option is set to a value
 	other than 'default'.
 
+grep.threads::
+	Number of grep worker threads to use.
+	See `grep.threads` in linkgit:git-grep[1] for more information.
+
+grep.fallbackToNoIndex::
+	If set to true, fall back to git grep --no-index if git grep
+	is executed outside of a git repository.  Defaults to false.
+
 gpg.program::
-	Use this custom program instead of "gpg" found on $PATH when
+	Use this custom program instead of "`gpg`" found on `$PATH` when
 	making or verifying a PGP signature. The program must support the
 	same command-line interface as GPG, namely, to verify a detached
-	signature, "gpg --verify $file - <$signature" is run, and the
+	signature, "`gpg --verify $file - <$signature`" is run, and the
 	program is expected to signal a good signature by exiting with
 	code 0, and to generate an ASCII-armored detached signature, the
-	standard input of "gpg -bsau $key" is fed with the contents to be
+	standard input of "`gpg -bsau $key`" is fed with the contents to be
 	signed, and the program is expected to send the result to its
 	standard output.
 
-gui.commitmsgwidth::
+gpg.format::
+	Specifies which key format to use when signing with `--gpg-sign`.
+	Default is "openpgp" and another possible value is "x509".
+
+gpg.<format>.program::
+	Use this to customize the program used for the signing format you
+	chose. (see `gpg.program` and `gpg.format`) `gpg.program` can still
+	be used as a legacy synonym for	`gpg.openpgp.program`. The default
+	value for `gpg.x509.program` is "gpgsm".
+
+gui.commitMsgWidth::
 	Defines how wide the commit message window is in the
 	linkgit:git-gui[1]. "75" is the default.
 
-gui.diffcontext::
+gui.diffContext::
 	Specifies how many context lines should be used in calls to diff
 	made by the linkgit:git-gui[1]. The default is "5".
 
-gui.displayuntracked::
-	Determines if linkgit::git-gui[1] shows untracked files
+gui.displayUntracked::
+	Determines if linkgit:git-gui[1] shows untracked files
 	in the file list. The default is "true".
 
 gui.encoding::
@@ -1405,16 +1980,16 @@ gui.encoding::
 	If this option is not set, the tools default to the
 	locale encoding.
 
-gui.matchtrackingbranch::
+gui.matchTrackingBranch::
 	Determines if new branches created with linkgit:git-gui[1] should
 	default to tracking remote branches with matching names or
 	not. Default: "false".
 
-gui.newbranchtemplate::
+gui.newBranchTemplate::
 	Is used as suggested name when creating new branches using the
 	linkgit:git-gui[1].
 
-gui.pruneduringfetch::
+gui.pruneDuringFetch::
 	"true" if linkgit:git-gui[1] should prune remote-tracking branches when
 	performing a fetch. The default value is "false".
 
@@ -1422,17 +1997,17 @@ gui.trustmtime::
 	Determines if linkgit:git-gui[1] should trust the file modification
 	timestamp or not. By default the timestamps are not trusted.
 
-gui.spellingdictionary::
+gui.spellingDictionary::
 	Specifies the dictionary used for spell checking commit messages in
 	the linkgit:git-gui[1]. When set to "none" spell checking is turned
 	off.
 
-gui.fastcopyblame::
+gui.fastCopyBlame::
 	If true, 'git gui blame' uses `-C` instead of `-C -C` for original
 	location detection. It makes blame significantly faster on huge
 	repositories at the expense of less thorough copy detection.
 
-gui.copyblamethreshold::
+gui.copyBlameThreshold::
 	Specifies the threshold to use in 'git gui blame' original location
 	detection, measured in alphanumeric characters. See the
 	linkgit:git-blame[1] manual for more information on copy detection.
@@ -1448,40 +2023,40 @@ guitool.<name>.cmd::
 	of the linkgit:git-gui[1] `Tools` menu is invoked. This option is
 	mandatory for every tool. The command is executed from the root of
 	the working directory, and in the environment it receives the name of
-	the tool as 'GIT_GUITOOL', the name of the currently selected file as
+	the tool as `GIT_GUITOOL`, the name of the currently selected file as
 	'FILENAME', and the name of the current branch as 'CUR_BRANCH' (if
 	the head is detached, 'CUR_BRANCH' is empty).
 
-guitool.<name>.needsfile::
+guitool.<name>.needsFile::
 	Run the tool only if a diff is selected in the GUI. It guarantees
 	that 'FILENAME' is not empty.
 
-guitool.<name>.noconsole::
+guitool.<name>.noConsole::
 	Run the command silently, without creating a window to display its
 	output.
 
-guitool.<name>.norescan::
+guitool.<name>.noRescan::
 	Don't rescan the working directory for changes after the tool
 	finishes execution.
 
 guitool.<name>.confirm::
 	Show a confirmation dialog before actually running the tool.
 
-guitool.<name>.argprompt::
+guitool.<name>.argPrompt::
 	Request a string argument from the user, and pass it to the tool
-	through the 'ARGS' environment variable. Since requesting an
+	through the `ARGS` environment variable. Since requesting an
 	argument implies confirmation, the 'confirm' option has no effect
 	if this is enabled. If the option is set to 'true', 'yes', or '1',
 	the dialog uses a built-in generic prompt; otherwise the exact
 	value of the variable is used.
 
-guitool.<name>.revprompt::
+guitool.<name>.revPrompt::
 	Request a single valid revision from the user, and set the
-	'REVISION' environment variable. In other aspects this option
-	is similar to 'argprompt', and can be used together with it.
+	`REVISION` environment variable. In other aspects this option
+	is similar to 'argPrompt', and can be used together with it.
 
-guitool.<name>.revunmerged::
-	Show only unmerged branches in the 'revprompt' subdialog.
+guitool.<name>.revUnmerged::
+	Show only unmerged branches in the 'revPrompt' subdialog.
 	This is useful for tools similar to merge or rebase, but not
 	for things like checkout or reset.
 
@@ -1491,7 +2066,7 @@ guitool.<name>.title::
 
 guitool.<name>.prompt::
 	Specifies the general prompt string to display at the top of
-	the dialog, before subsections for 'argprompt' and 'revprompt'.
+	the dialog, before subsections for 'argPrompt' and 'revPrompt'.
 	The default value includes the actual command.
 
 help.browser::
@@ -1503,7 +2078,7 @@ help.format::
 	Values 'man', 'info', 'web' and 'html' are supported. 'man' is
 	the default. 'web' and 'html' are the same.
 
-help.autocorrect::
+help.autoCorrect::
 	Automatically correct and execute mistyped commands after
 	waiting for the given number of deciseconds (0.1 sec). If more
 	than one command can be deduced from the entered text, nothing
@@ -1512,7 +2087,7 @@ help.autocorrect::
 	value is 0 - the command will be just shown but not executed.
 	This is the default.
 
-help.htmlpath::
+help.htmlPath::
 	Specify the path where the HTML documentation resides. File system paths
 	and URLs are supported. HTML pages will be prefixed with this path when
 	help is displayed in the 'web' format. This defaults to the documentation
@@ -1520,52 +2095,149 @@ help.htmlpath::
 
 http.proxy::
 	Override the HTTP proxy, normally configured using the 'http_proxy',
-	'https_proxy', and 'all_proxy' environment variables (see
-	`curl(1)`).  This can be overridden on a per-remote basis; see
-	remote.<name>.proxy
+	'https_proxy', and 'all_proxy' environment variables (see `curl(1)`). In
+	addition to the syntax understood by curl, it is possible to specify a
+	proxy string with a user name but no password, in which case git will
+	attempt to acquire one in the same way it does for other credentials. See
+	linkgit:gitcredentials[7] for more information. The syntax thus is
+	'[protocol://][user[:password]@]proxyhost[:port]'. This can be overridden
+	on a per-remote basis; see remote.<name>.proxy
+
+http.proxyAuthMethod::
+	Set the method with which to authenticate against the HTTP proxy. This
+	only takes effect if the configured proxy string contains a user name part
+	(i.e. is of the form 'user@host' or 'user@host:port'). This can be
+	overridden on a per-remote basis; see `remote.<name>.proxyAuthMethod`.
+	Both can be overridden by the `GIT_HTTP_PROXY_AUTHMETHOD` environment
+	variable.  Possible values are:
++
+--
+* `anyauth` - Automatically pick a suitable authentication method. It is
+  assumed that the proxy answers an unauthenticated request with a 407
+  status code and one or more Proxy-authenticate headers with supported
+  authentication methods. This is the default.
+* `basic` - HTTP Basic authentication
+* `digest` - HTTP Digest authentication; this prevents the password from being
+  transmitted to the proxy in clear text
+* `negotiate` - GSS-Negotiate authentication (compare the --negotiate option
+  of `curl(1)`)
+* `ntlm` - NTLM authentication (compare the --ntlm option of `curl(1)`)
+--
+
+http.emptyAuth::
+	Attempt authentication without seeking a username or password.  This
+	can be used to attempt GSS-Negotiate authentication without specifying
+	a username in the URL, as libcurl normally requires a username for
+	authentication.
 
-http.cookiefile::
-	File containing previously stored cookie lines which should be used
+http.delegation::
+	Control GSSAPI credential delegation. The delegation is disabled
+	by default in libcurl since version 7.21.7. Set parameter to tell
+	the server what it is allowed to delegate when it comes to user
+	credentials. Used with GSS/kerberos. Possible values are:
++
+--
+* `none` - Don't allow any delegation.
+* `policy` - Delegates if and only if the OK-AS-DELEGATE flag is set in the
+  Kerberos service ticket, which is a matter of realm policy.
+* `always` - Unconditionally allow the server to delegate.
+--
+
+
+http.extraHeader::
+	Pass an additional HTTP header when communicating with a server.  If
+	more than one such entry exists, all of them are added as extra
+	headers.  To allow overriding the settings inherited from the system
+	config, an empty value will reset the extra headers to the empty list.
+
+http.cookieFile::
+	The pathname of a file containing previously stored cookie lines,
+	which should be used
 	in the Git http session, if they match the server. The file format
 	of the file to read cookies from should be plain HTTP headers or
-	the Netscape/Mozilla cookie file format (see linkgit:curl[1]).
-	NOTE that the file specified with http.cookiefile is only used as
+	the Netscape/Mozilla cookie file format (see `curl(1)`).
+	NOTE that the file specified with http.cookieFile is used only as
 	input unless http.saveCookies is set.
 
-http.savecookies::
+http.saveCookies::
 	If set, store cookies received during requests to the file specified by
-	http.cookiefile. Has no effect if http.cookiefile is unset.
+	http.cookieFile. Has no effect if http.cookieFile is unset.
+
+http.sslVersion::
+	The SSL version to use when negotiating an SSL connection, if you
+	want to force the default.  The available and default version
+	depend on whether libcurl was built against NSS or OpenSSL and the
+	particular configuration of the crypto library in use. Internally
+	this sets the 'CURLOPT_SSL_VERSION' option; see the libcurl
+	documentation for more details on the format of this option and
+	for the ssl version supported. Actually the possible values of
+	this option are:
+
+	- sslv2
+	- sslv3
+	- tlsv1
+	- tlsv1.0
+	- tlsv1.1
+	- tlsv1.2
+	- tlsv1.3
+
++
+Can be overridden by the `GIT_SSL_VERSION` environment variable.
+To force git to use libcurl's default ssl version and ignore any
+explicit http.sslversion option, set `GIT_SSL_VERSION` to the
+empty string.
+
+http.sslCipherList::
+  A list of SSL ciphers to use when negotiating an SSL connection.
+  The available ciphers depend on whether libcurl was built against
+  NSS or OpenSSL and the particular configuration of the crypto
+  library in use.  Internally this sets the 'CURLOPT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST'
+  option; see the libcurl documentation for more details on the format
+  of this list.
++
+Can be overridden by the `GIT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST` environment variable.
+To force git to use libcurl's default cipher list and ignore any
+explicit http.sslCipherList option, set `GIT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST` to the
+empty string.
 
 http.sslVerify::
 	Whether to verify the SSL certificate when fetching or pushing
-	over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the 'GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY' environment
-	variable.
+	over HTTPS. Defaults to true. Can be overridden by the
+	`GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY` environment variable.
 
 http.sslCert::
 	File containing the SSL certificate when fetching or pushing
-	over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the 'GIT_SSL_CERT' environment
+	over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the `GIT_SSL_CERT` environment
 	variable.
 
 http.sslKey::
 	File containing the SSL private key when fetching or pushing
-	over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the 'GIT_SSL_KEY' environment
+	over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the `GIT_SSL_KEY` environment
 	variable.
 
 http.sslCertPasswordProtected::
 	Enable Git's password prompt for the SSL certificate.  Otherwise
 	OpenSSL will prompt the user, possibly many times, if the
 	certificate or private key is encrypted.  Can be overridden by the
-	'GIT_SSL_CERT_PASSWORD_PROTECTED' environment variable.
+	`GIT_SSL_CERT_PASSWORD_PROTECTED` environment variable.
 
 http.sslCAInfo::
 	File containing the certificates to verify the peer with when
 	fetching or pushing over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the
-	'GIT_SSL_CAINFO' environment variable.
+	`GIT_SSL_CAINFO` environment variable.
 
 http.sslCAPath::
 	Path containing files with the CA certificates to verify the peer
 	with when fetching or pushing over HTTPS. Can be overridden
-	by the 'GIT_SSL_CAPATH' environment variable.
+	by the `GIT_SSL_CAPATH` environment variable.
+
+http.pinnedpubkey::
+	Public key of the https service. It may either be the filename of
+	a PEM or DER encoded public key file or a string starting with
+	'sha256//' followed by the base64 encoded sha256 hash of the
+	public key. See also libcurl 'CURLOPT_PINNEDPUBLICKEY'. git will
+	exit with an error if this option is set but not supported by
+	cURL.
 
 http.sslTry::
 	Attempt to use AUTH SSL/TLS and encrypted data transfers
@@ -1577,7 +2249,7 @@ http.sslTry::
 
 http.maxRequests::
 	How many HTTP requests to launch in parallel. Can be overridden
-	by the 'GIT_HTTP_MAX_REQUESTS' environment variable. Default is 5.
+	by the `GIT_HTTP_MAX_REQUESTS` environment variable. Default is 5.
 
 http.minSessions::
 	The number of curl sessions (counted across slots) to be kept across
@@ -1596,23 +2268,33 @@ http.postBuffer::
 http.lowSpeedLimit, http.lowSpeedTime::
 	If the HTTP transfer speed is less than 'http.lowSpeedLimit'
 	for longer than 'http.lowSpeedTime' seconds, the transfer is aborted.
-	Can be overridden by the 'GIT_HTTP_LOW_SPEED_LIMIT' and
-	'GIT_HTTP_LOW_SPEED_TIME' environment variables.
+	Can be overridden by the `GIT_HTTP_LOW_SPEED_LIMIT` and
+	`GIT_HTTP_LOW_SPEED_TIME` environment variables.
 
 http.noEPSV::
 	A boolean which disables using of EPSV ftp command by curl.
 	This can helpful with some "poor" ftp servers which don't
-	support EPSV mode. Can be overridden by the 'GIT_CURL_FTP_NO_EPSV'
+	support EPSV mode. Can be overridden by the `GIT_CURL_FTP_NO_EPSV`
 	environment variable. Default is false (curl will use EPSV).
 
-http.useragent::
+http.userAgent::
 	The HTTP USER_AGENT string presented to an HTTP server.  The default
 	value represents the version of the client Git such as git/1.7.1.
 	This option allows you to override this value to a more common value
 	such as Mozilla/4.0.  This may be necessary, for instance, if
 	connecting through a firewall that restricts HTTP connections to a set
 	of common USER_AGENT strings (but not including those like git/1.7.1).
-	Can be overridden by the 'GIT_HTTP_USER_AGENT' environment variable.
+	Can be overridden by the `GIT_HTTP_USER_AGENT` environment variable.
+
+http.followRedirects::
+	Whether git should follow HTTP redirects. If set to `true`, git
+	will transparently follow any redirect issued by a server it
+	encounters. If set to `false`, git will treat all redirects as
+	errors. If set to `initial`, git will follow redirects only for
+	the initial request to a remote, but not for subsequent
+	follow-up HTTP requests. Since git uses the redirected URL as
+	the base for the follow-up requests, this is generally
+	sufficient. The default is `initial`.
 
 http.<url>.*::
 	Any of the http.* options above can be applied selectively to some URLs.
@@ -1624,7 +2306,10 @@ http.<url>.*::
   must match exactly between the config key and the URL.
 
 . Host/domain name (e.g., `example.com` in `https://example.com/`).
-  This field must match exactly between the config key and the URL.
+  This field must match between the config key and the URL. It is
+  possible to specify a `*` as part of the host name to match all subdomains
+  at this level. `https://*.example.com/` for example would match
+  `https://foo.example.com/`, but not `https://foo.bar.example.com/`.
 
 . Port number (e.g., `8080` in `http://example.com:8080/`).
   This field must match exactly between the config key and the URL.
@@ -1659,6 +2344,42 @@ Environment variable settings always override any matches.  The URLs that are
 matched against are those given directly to Git commands.  This means any URLs
 visited as a result of a redirection do not participate in matching.
 
+ssh.variant::
+	By default, Git determines the command line arguments to use
+	based on the basename of the configured SSH command (configured
+	using the environment variable `GIT_SSH` or `GIT_SSH_COMMAND` or
+	the config setting `core.sshCommand`). If the basename is
+	unrecognized, Git will attempt to detect support of OpenSSH
+	options by first invoking the configured SSH command with the
+	`-G` (print configuration) option and will subsequently use
+	OpenSSH options (if that is successful) or no options besides
+	the host and remote command (if it fails).
++
+The config variable `ssh.variant` can be set to override this detection.
+Valid values are `ssh` (to use OpenSSH options), `plink`, `putty`,
+`tortoiseplink`, `simple` (no options except the host and remote command).
+The default auto-detection can be explicitly requested using the value
+`auto`.  Any other value is treated as `ssh`.  This setting can also be
+overridden via the environment variable `GIT_SSH_VARIANT`.
++
+The current command-line parameters used for each variant are as
+follows:
++
+--
+
+* `ssh` - [-p port] [-4] [-6] [-o option] [username@]host command
+
+* `simple` - [username@]host command
+
+* `plink` or `putty` - [-P port] [-4] [-6] [username@]host command
+
+* `tortoiseplink` - [-P port] [-4] [-6] -batch [username@]host command
+
+--
++
+Except for the `simple` variant, command-line parameters are likely to
+change as git gains new features.
+
 i18n.commitEncoding::
 	Character encoding the commit messages are stored in; Git itself
 	does not care per se, but this information is necessary e.g. when
@@ -1678,7 +2399,7 @@ index.version::
 	Specify the version with which new index files should be
 	initialized.  This does not affect existing repositories.
 
-init.templatedir::
+init.templateDir::
 	Specify the directory from which templates will be copied.
 	(See the "TEMPLATE DIRECTORY" section of linkgit:git-init[1].)
 
@@ -1694,7 +2415,7 @@ instaweb.local::
 	If true the web server started by linkgit:git-instaweb[1] will
 	be bound to the local IP (127.0.0.1).
 
-instaweb.modulepath::
+instaweb.modulePath::
 	The default module path for linkgit:git-instaweb[1] to use
 	instead of /usr/lib/apache2/modules.  Only used if httpd
 	is Apache.
@@ -1703,7 +2424,7 @@ instaweb.port::
 	The port number to bind the gitweb httpd to. See
 	linkgit:git-instaweb[1].
 
-interactive.singlekey::
+interactive.singleKey::
 	In interactive commands, allow the user to provide one-letter
 	input with a single key (i.e., without hitting enter).
 	Currently this is used by the `--patch` mode of
@@ -1712,6 +2433,14 @@ interactive.singlekey::
 	setting is silently ignored if portable keystroke input
 	is not available; requires the Perl module Term::ReadKey.
 
+interactive.diffFilter::
+	When an interactive command (such as `git add --patch`) shows
+	a colorized diff, git will pipe the diff through the shell
+	command defined by this configuration variable. The command may
+	mark up the diff further for human consumption, provided that it
+	retains a one-to-one correspondence with the lines in the
+	original diff. Defaults to disabled (no filtering).
+
 log.abbrevCommit::
 	If true, makes linkgit:git-log[1], linkgit:git-show[1], and
 	linkgit:git-whatchanged[1] assume `--abbrev-commit`. You may
@@ -1720,23 +2449,38 @@ log.abbrevCommit::
 log.date::
 	Set the default date-time mode for the 'log' command.
 	Setting a value for log.date is similar to using 'git log''s
-	`--date` option.  Possible values are `relative`, `local`,
-	`default`, `iso`, `rfc`, and `short`; see linkgit:git-log[1]
-	for details.
+	`--date` option.  See linkgit:git-log[1] for details.
 
 log.decorate::
 	Print out the ref names of any commits that are shown by the log
 	command. If 'short' is specified, the ref name prefixes 'refs/heads/',
 	'refs/tags/' and 'refs/remotes/' will not be printed. If 'full' is
 	specified, the full ref name (including prefix) will be printed.
-	This is the same as the log commands '--decorate' option.
-
-log.showroot::
+	If 'auto' is specified, then if the output is going to a terminal,
+	the ref names are shown as if 'short' were given, otherwise no ref
+	names are shown. This is the same as the `--decorate` option
+	of the `git log`.
+
+log.follow::
+	If `true`, `git log` will act as if the `--follow` option was used when
+	a single <path> is given.  This has the same limitations as `--follow`,
+	i.e. it cannot be used to follow multiple files and does not work well
+	on non-linear history.
+
+log.graphColors::
+	A list of colors, separated by commas, that can be used to draw
+	history lines in `git log --graph`.
+
+log.showRoot::
 	If true, the initial commit will be shown as a big creation event.
 	This is equivalent to a diff against an empty tree.
 	Tools like linkgit:git-log[1] or linkgit:git-whatchanged[1], which
 	normally hide the root commit will now show it. True by default.
 
+log.showSignature::
+	If true, makes linkgit:git-log[1], linkgit:git-show[1], and
+	linkgit:git-whatchanged[1] assume `--show-signature`.
+
 log.mailmap::
 	If true, makes linkgit:git-log[1], linkgit:git-show[1], and
 	linkgit:git-whatchanged[1] assume `--use-mailmap`.
@@ -1833,6 +2577,18 @@ mergetool.writeToTemp::
 mergetool.prompt::
 	Prompt before each invocation of the merge resolution program.
 
+notes.mergeStrategy::
+	Which merge strategy to choose by default when resolving notes
+	conflicts.  Must be one of `manual`, `ours`, `theirs`, `union`, or
+	`cat_sort_uniq`.  Defaults to `manual`.  See "NOTES MERGE STRATEGIES"
+	section of linkgit:git-notes[1] for more information on each strategy.
+
+notes.<name>.mergeStrategy::
+	Which merge strategy to choose when doing a notes merge into
+	refs/notes/<name>.  This overrides the more general
+	"notes.mergeStrategy".  See the "NOTES MERGE STRATEGIES" section in
+	linkgit:git-notes[1] for more information on the available strategies.
+
 notes.displayRef::
 	The (fully qualified) refname from which to show notes when
 	showing commit messages.  The value of this variable can be set
@@ -1861,8 +2617,8 @@ notes.rewriteMode::
 	When copying notes during a rewrite (see the
 	"notes.rewrite.<command>" option), determines what to do if
 	the target commit already has a note.  Must be one of
-	`overwrite`, `concatenate`, or `ignore`.  Defaults to
-	`concatenate`.
+	`overwrite`, `concatenate`, `cat_sort_uniq`, or `ignore`.
+	Defaults to `concatenate`.
 +
 This setting can be overridden with the `GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE`
 environment variable.
@@ -1888,6 +2644,7 @@ pack.window::
 pack.depth::
 	The maximum delta depth used by linkgit:git-pack-objects[1] when no
 	maximum depth is given on the command line. Defaults to 50.
+	Maximum value is 4095.
 
 pack.windowMemory::
 	The maximum size of memory that is consumed by each thread
@@ -1924,7 +2681,8 @@ pack.deltaCacheLimit::
 	The maximum size of a delta, that is cached in
 	linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]. This cache is used to speed up the
 	writing object phase by not having to recompute the final delta
-	result once the best match for all objects is found. Defaults to 1000.
+	result once the best match for all objects is found.
+	Defaults to 1000. Maximum value is 65535.
 
 pack.threads::
 	Specifies the number of threads to spawn when searching for best
@@ -1946,7 +2704,7 @@ pack.indexVersion::
 	larger than 2 GB.
 +
 If you have an old Git that does not understand the version 2 `*.idx` file,
-cloning or fetching over a non native protocol (e.g. "http" and "rsync")
+cloning or fetching over a non native protocol (e.g. "http")
 that will copy both `*.pack` file and corresponding `*.idx` file from the
 other side may give you a repository that cannot be accessed with your
 older version of Git. If the `*.pack` file is smaller than 2 GB, however,
@@ -1957,8 +2715,11 @@ pack.packSizeLimit::
 	The maximum size of a pack.  This setting only affects
 	packing to a file when repacking, i.e. the git:// protocol
 	is unaffected.  It can be overridden by the `--max-pack-size`
-	option of linkgit:git-repack[1]. The minimum size allowed is
-	limited to 1 MiB. The default is unlimited.
+	option of linkgit:git-repack[1].  Reaching this limit results
+	in the creation of multiple packfiles; which in turn prevents
+	bitmaps from being created.
+	The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB.
+	The default is unlimited.
 	Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are
 	supported.
 
@@ -1968,7 +2729,7 @@ pack.useBitmaps::
 	true. You should not generally need to turn this off unless
 	you are debugging pack bitmaps.
 
-pack.writebitmaps (deprecated)::
+pack.writeBitmaps (deprecated)::
 	This is a deprecated synonym for `repack.writeBitmaps`.
 
 pack.writeBitmapHashCache::
@@ -2001,6 +2762,69 @@ pretty.<name>::
 	Note that an alias with the same name as a built-in format
 	will be silently ignored.
 
+protocol.allow::
+	If set, provide a user defined default policy for all protocols which
+	don't explicitly have a policy (`protocol.<name>.allow`).  By default,
+	if unset, known-safe protocols (http, https, git, ssh, file) have a
+	default policy of `always`, known-dangerous protocols (ext) have a
+	default policy of `never`, and all other protocols have a default
+	policy of `user`.  Supported policies:
++
+--
+
+* `always` - protocol is always able to be used.
+
+* `never` - protocol is never able to be used.
+
+* `user` - protocol is only able to be used when `GIT_PROTOCOL_FROM_USER` is
+  either unset or has a value of 1.  This policy should be used when you want a
+  protocol to be directly usable by the user but don't want it used by commands which
+  execute clone/fetch/push commands without user input, e.g. recursive
+  submodule initialization.
+
+--
+
+protocol.<name>.allow::
+	Set a policy to be used by protocol `<name>` with clone/fetch/push
+	commands. See `protocol.allow` above for the available policies.
++
+The protocol names currently used by git are:
++
+--
+  - `file`: any local file-based path (including `file://` URLs,
+    or local paths)
+
+  - `git`: the anonymous git protocol over a direct TCP
+    connection (or proxy, if configured)
+
+  - `ssh`: git over ssh (including `host:path` syntax,
+    `ssh://`, etc).
+
+  - `http`: git over http, both "smart http" and "dumb http".
+    Note that this does _not_ include `https`; if you want to configure
+    both, you must do so individually.
+
+  - any external helpers are named by their protocol (e.g., use
+    `hg` to allow the `git-remote-hg` helper)
+--
+
+protocol.version::
+	Experimental. If set, clients will attempt to communicate with a
+	server using the specified protocol version.  If unset, no
+	attempt will be made by the client to communicate using a
+	particular protocol version, this results in protocol version 0
+	being used.
+	Supported versions:
++
+--
+
+* `0` - the original wire protocol.
+
+* `1` - the original wire protocol with the addition of a version string
+  in the initial response from the server.
+
+--
+
 pull.ff::
 	By default, Git does not create an extra merge commit when merging
 	a commit that is a descendant of the current commit. Instead, the
@@ -2009,7 +2833,7 @@ pull.ff::
 	a case (equivalent to giving the `--no-ff` option from the command
 	line). When set to `only`, only such fast-forward merges are
 	allowed (equivalent to giving the `--ff-only` option from the
-	command line).
+	command line). This setting overrides `merge.ff` when pulling.
 
 pull.rebase::
 	When true, rebase branches on top of the fetched branch, instead
@@ -2017,9 +2841,15 @@ pull.rebase::
 	pull" is run. See "branch.<name>.rebase" for setting this on a
 	per-branch basis.
 +
-	When preserve, also pass `--preserve-merges` along to 'git rebase'
-	so that locally committed merge commits will not be flattened
-	by running 'git pull'.
+When `merges`, pass the `--rebase-merges` option to 'git rebase'
+so that the local merge commits are included in the rebase (see
+linkgit:git-rebase[1] for details).
++
+When preserve, also pass `--preserve-merges` along to 'git rebase'
+so that locally committed merge commits will not be flattened
+by running 'git pull'.
++
+When the value is `interactive`, the rebase is run in interactive mode.
 +
 *NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use
 it unless you understand the implications (see linkgit:git-rebase[1]
@@ -2055,6 +2885,8 @@ push.default::
   pushing to the same repository you would normally pull from
   (i.e. central workflow).
 
+* `tracking` - This is a deprecated synonym for `upstream`.
+
 * `simple` - in centralized workflow, work like `upstream` with an
   added safety to refuse to push if the upstream branch's name is
   different from the local one.
@@ -2087,38 +2919,86 @@ new default).
 
 --
 
-rebase.stat::
-	Whether to show a diffstat of what changed upstream since the last
-	rebase. False by default.
+push.followTags::
+	If set to true enable `--follow-tags` option by default.  You
+	may override this configuration at time of push by specifying
+	`--no-follow-tags`.
+
+push.gpgSign::
+	May be set to a boolean value, or the string 'if-asked'. A true
+	value causes all pushes to be GPG signed, as if `--signed` is
+	passed to linkgit:git-push[1]. The string 'if-asked' causes
+	pushes to be signed if the server supports it, as if
+	`--signed=if-asked` is passed to 'git push'. A false value may
+	override a value from a lower-priority config file. An explicit
+	command-line flag always overrides this config option.
+
+push.pushOption::
+	When no `--push-option=<option>` argument is given from the
+	command line, `git push` behaves as if each <value> of
+	this variable is given as `--push-option=<value>`.
++
+This is a multi-valued variable, and an empty value can be used in a
+higher priority configuration file (e.g. `.git/config` in a
+repository) to clear the values inherited from a lower priority
+configuration files (e.g. `$HOME/.gitconfig`).
++
+--
+
+Example:
 
-rebase.autosquash::
-	If set to true enable '--autosquash' option by default.
+/etc/gitconfig
+  push.pushoption = a
+  push.pushoption = b
 
-rebase.autostash::
-	When set to true, automatically create a temporary stash
-	before the operation begins, and apply it after the operation
-	ends.  This means that you can run rebase on a dirty worktree.
-	However, use with care: the final stash application after a
-	successful rebase might result in non-trivial conflicts.
-	Defaults to false.
+~/.gitconfig
+  push.pushoption = c
+
+repo/.git/config
+  push.pushoption =
+  push.pushoption = b
+
+This will result in only b (a and c are cleared).
+
+--
 
-receive.advertiseatomic::
+push.recurseSubmodules::
+	Make sure all submodule commits used by the revisions to be pushed
+	are available on a remote-tracking branch. If the value is 'check'
+	then Git will verify that all submodule commits that changed in the
+	revisions to be pushed are available on at least one remote of the
+	submodule. If any commits are missing, the push will be aborted and
+	exit with non-zero status. If the value is 'on-demand' then all
+	submodules that changed in the revisions to be pushed will be
+	pushed. If on-demand was not able to push all necessary revisions
+	it will also be aborted and exit with non-zero status. If the value
+	is 'no' then default behavior of ignoring submodules when pushing
+	is retained. You may override this configuration at time of push by
+	specifying '--recurse-submodules=check|on-demand|no'.
+
+include::rebase-config.txt[]
+
+receive.advertiseAtomic::
 	By default, git-receive-pack will advertise the atomic push
-	capability to its clients. If you don't want to this capability
-	to be advertised, set this variable to false.
+	capability to its clients. If you don't want to advertise this
+	capability, set this variable to false.
+
+receive.advertisePushOptions::
+	When set to true, git-receive-pack will advertise the push options
+	capability to its clients. False by default.
 
 receive.autogc::
 	By default, git-receive-pack will run "git-gc --auto" after
 	receiving data from git-push and updating refs.  You can stop
 	it by setting this variable to false.
 
-receive.certnonceseed::
+receive.certNonceSeed::
 	By setting this variable to a string, `git receive-pack`
 	will accept a `git push --signed` and verifies it by using
 	a "nonce" protected by HMAC using this string as a secret
 	key.
 
-receive.certnonceslop::
+receive.certNonceSlop::
 	When a `git push --signed` sent a push certificate with a
 	"nonce" that was issued by a receive-pack serving the same
 	repository within this many seconds, export the "nonce"
@@ -2133,10 +3013,30 @@ receive.certnonceslop::
 
 receive.fsckObjects::
 	If it is set to true, git-receive-pack will check all received
-	objects. It will abort in the case of a malformed object or a
-	broken link. The result of an abort are only dangling objects.
-	Defaults to false. If not set, the value of `transfer.fsckObjects`
-	is used instead.
+	objects. See `transfer.fsckObjects` for what's checked.
+	Defaults to false. If not set, the value of
+	`transfer.fsckObjects` is used instead.
+
+receive.fsck.<msg-id>::
+	Acts like `fsck.<msg-id>`, but is used by
+	linkgit:git-receive-pack[1] instead of
+	linkgit:git-fsck[1]. See the `fsck.<msg-id>` documentation for
+	details.
+
+receive.fsck.skipList::
+	Acts like `fsck.skipList`, but is used by
+	linkgit:git-receive-pack[1] instead of
+	linkgit:git-fsck[1]. See the `fsck.skipList` documentation for
+	details.
+
+receive.keepAlive::
+	After receiving the pack from the client, `receive-pack` may
+	produce no output (if `--quiet` was specified) while processing
+	the pack, causing some networks to drop the TCP connection.
+	With this option set, if `receive-pack` does not transmit
+	any data in this phase for `receive.keepAlive` seconds, it will
+	send a short keepalive packet.  The default is 5 seconds; set
+	to 0 to disable keepalives entirely.
 
 receive.unpackLimit::
 	If the number of objects received in a push is below this
@@ -2148,6 +3048,12 @@ receive.unpackLimit::
 	especially on slow filesystems.  If not set, the value of
 	`transfer.unpackLimit` is used instead.
 
+receive.maxInputSize::
+	If the size of the incoming pack stream is larger than this
+	limit, then git-receive-pack will error out, instead of
+	accepting the pack file. If not set or set to 0, then the size
+	is unlimited.
+
 receive.denyDeletes::
 	If set to true, git-receive-pack will deny a ref update that deletes
 	the ref. Use this to prevent such a ref deletion via a push.
@@ -2182,27 +3088,24 @@ receive.denyNonFastForwards::
 	even if that push is forced. This configuration variable is
 	set when initializing a shared repository.
 
-receive.hiderefs::
-	String(s) `receive-pack` uses to decide which refs to omit
-	from its initial advertisement.  Use more than one
-	definitions to specify multiple prefix strings. A ref that
-	are under the hierarchies listed on the value of this
-	variable is excluded, and is hidden when responding to `git
-	push`, and an attempt to update or delete a hidden ref by
-	`git push` is rejected.
+receive.hideRefs::
+	This variable is the same as `transfer.hideRefs`, but applies
+	only to `receive-pack` (and so affects pushes, but not fetches).
+	An attempt to update or delete a hidden ref by `git push` is
+	rejected.
 
-receive.updateserverinfo::
+receive.updateServerInfo::
 	If set to true, git-receive-pack will run git-update-server-info
 	after receiving data from git-push and updating refs.
 
-receive.shallowupdate::
+receive.shallowUpdate::
 	If set to true, .git/shallow can be updated when new refs
 	require new shallow roots. Otherwise those refs are rejected.
 
-remote.pushdefault::
+remote.pushDefault::
 	The remote to push to by default.  Overrides
 	`branch.<name>.remote` for all branches, and is overridden by
-	`branch.<name>.pushremote` for specific branches.
+	`branch.<name>.pushRemote` for specific branches.
 
 remote.<name>.url::
 	The URL of a remote repository.  See linkgit:git-fetch[1] or
@@ -2216,6 +3119,11 @@ remote.<name>.proxy::
 	the proxy to use for that remote.  Set to the empty string to
 	disable proxying for that remote.
 
+remote.<name>.proxyAuthMethod::
+	For remotes that require curl (http, https and ftp), the method to use for
+	authenticating against the proxy in use (probably set in
+	`remote.<name>.proxy`). See `http.proxyAuthMethod`.
+
 remote.<name>.fetch::
 	The default set of "refspec" for linkgit:git-fetch[1]. See
 	linkgit:git-fetch[1].
@@ -2240,18 +3148,18 @@ remote.<name>.skipFetchAll::
 
 remote.<name>.receivepack::
 	The default program to execute on the remote side when pushing.  See
-	option \--receive-pack of linkgit:git-push[1].
+	option --receive-pack of linkgit:git-push[1].
 
 remote.<name>.uploadpack::
 	The default program to execute on the remote side when fetching.  See
-	option \--upload-pack of linkgit:git-fetch-pack[1].
+	option --upload-pack of linkgit:git-fetch-pack[1].
 
-remote.<name>.tagopt::
-	Setting this value to \--no-tags disables automatic tag following when
-	fetching from remote <name>. Setting it to \--tags will fetch every
+remote.<name>.tagOpt::
+	Setting this value to --no-tags disables automatic tag following when
+	fetching from remote <name>. Setting it to --tags will fetch every
 	tag from remote <name>, even if they are not reachable from remote
 	branch heads. Passing these flags directly to linkgit:git-fetch[1] can
-	override this setting. See options \--tags and \--no-tags of
+	override this setting. See options --tags and --no-tags of
 	linkgit:git-fetch[1].
 
 remote.<name>.vcs::
@@ -2264,11 +3172,20 @@ remote.<name>.prune::
 	remote (as if the `--prune` option was given on the command line).
 	Overrides `fetch.prune` settings, if any.
 
+remote.<name>.pruneTags::
+	When set to true, fetching from this remote by default will also
+	remove any local tags that no longer exist on the remote if pruning
+	is activated in general via `remote.<name>.prune`, `fetch.prune` or
+	`--prune`. Overrides `fetch.pruneTags` settings, if any.
++
+See also `remote.<name>.prune` and the PRUNING section of
+linkgit:git-fetch[1].
+
 remotes.<group>::
 	The list of remotes which are fetched by "git remote update
 	<group>".  See linkgit:git-remote[1].
 
-repack.usedeltabaseoffset::
+repack.useDeltaBaseOffset::
 	By default, linkgit:git-repack[1] creates packs that use
 	delta-base offset. If you need to share your repository with
 	Git older than version 1.4.4, either directly or via a dumb
@@ -2288,10 +3205,11 @@ repack.writeBitmaps::
 	objects to disk (e.g., when `git repack -a` is run).  This
 	index can speed up the "counting objects" phase of subsequent
 	packs created for clones and fetches, at the cost of some disk
-	space and extra time spent on the initial repack.  Defaults to
-	false.
+	space and extra time spent on the initial repack.  This has
+	no effect if multiple packfiles are created.
+	Defaults to false.
 
-rerere.autoupdate::
+rerere.autoUpdate::
 	When set to true, `git-rerere` updates the index with the
 	resulting contents after it cleanly resolves conflicts using
 	previously recorded resolution.  Defaults to false.
@@ -2308,14 +3226,14 @@ sendemail.identity::
 	A configuration identity. When given, causes values in the
 	'sendemail.<identity>' subsection to take precedence over
 	values in the 'sendemail' section. The default identity is
-	the value of 'sendemail.identity'.
+	the value of `sendemail.identity`.
 
-sendemail.smtpencryption::
+sendemail.smtpEncryption::
 	See linkgit:git-send-email[1] for description.  Note that this
 	setting is not subject to the 'identity' mechanism.
 
 sendemail.smtpssl (deprecated)::
-	Deprecated alias for 'sendemail.smtpencryption = ssl'.
+	Deprecated alias for 'sendemail.smtpEncryption = ssl'.
 
 sendemail.smtpsslcertpath::
 	Path to ca-certificates (either a directory or a single file).
@@ -2323,44 +3241,80 @@ sendemail.smtpsslcertpath::
 
 sendemail.<identity>.*::
 	Identity-specific versions of the 'sendemail.*' parameters
-	found below, taking precedence over those when the this
-	identity is selected, through command-line or
-	'sendemail.identity'.
+	found below, taking precedence over those when this
+	identity is selected, through either the command-line or
+	`sendemail.identity`.
 
-sendemail.aliasesfile::
-sendemail.aliasfiletype::
+sendemail.aliasesFile::
+sendemail.aliasFileType::
 sendemail.annotate::
 sendemail.bcc::
 sendemail.cc::
-sendemail.cccmd::
-sendemail.chainreplyto::
+sendemail.ccCmd::
+sendemail.chainReplyTo::
 sendemail.confirm::
-sendemail.envelopesender::
+sendemail.envelopeSender::
 sendemail.from::
-sendemail.multiedit::
+sendemail.multiEdit::
 sendemail.signedoffbycc::
-sendemail.smtppass::
+sendemail.smtpPass::
 sendemail.suppresscc::
-sendemail.suppressfrom::
+sendemail.suppressFrom::
 sendemail.to::
-sendemail.smtpdomain::
-sendemail.smtpserver::
-sendemail.smtpserverport::
-sendemail.smtpserveroption::
-sendemail.smtpuser::
+sendemail.tocmd::
+sendemail.smtpDomain::
+sendemail.smtpServer::
+sendemail.smtpServerPort::
+sendemail.smtpServerOption::
+sendemail.smtpUser::
 sendemail.thread::
-sendemail.transferencoding::
+sendemail.transferEncoding::
 sendemail.validate::
 sendemail.xmailer::
 	See linkgit:git-send-email[1] for description.
 
 sendemail.signedoffcc (deprecated)::
-	Deprecated alias for 'sendemail.signedoffbycc'.
+	Deprecated alias for `sendemail.signedoffbycc`.
+
+sendemail.smtpBatchSize::
+	Number of messages to be sent per connection, after that a relogin
+	will happen.  If the value is 0 or undefined, send all messages in
+	one connection.
+	See also the `--batch-size` option of linkgit:git-send-email[1].
+
+sendemail.smtpReloginDelay::
+	Seconds wait before reconnecting to smtp server.
+	See also the `--relogin-delay` option of linkgit:git-send-email[1].
 
 showbranch.default::
 	The default set of branches for linkgit:git-show-branch[1].
 	See linkgit:git-show-branch[1].
 
+splitIndex.maxPercentChange::
+	When the split index feature is used, this specifies the
+	percent of entries the split index can contain compared to the
+	total number of entries in both the split index and the shared
+	index before a new shared index is written.
+	The value should be between 0 and 100. If the value is 0 then
+	a new shared index is always written, if it is 100 a new
+	shared index is never written.
+	By default the value is 20, so a new shared index is written
+	if the number of entries in the split index would be greater
+	than 20 percent of the total number of entries.
+	See linkgit:git-update-index[1].
+
+splitIndex.sharedIndexExpire::
+	When the split index feature is used, shared index files that
+	were not modified since the time this variable specifies will
+	be removed when a new shared index file is created. The value
+	"now" expires all entries immediately, and "never" suppresses
+	expiration altogether.
+	The default value is "2.weeks.ago".
+	Note that a shared index file is considered modified (for the
+	purpose of expiration) each time a new split-index file is
+	either created based on it or read from it.
+	See linkgit:git-update-index[1].
+
 status.relativePaths::
 	By default, linkgit:git-status[1] shows paths relative to the
 	current directory. Setting this variable to `false` shows paths
@@ -2382,6 +3336,23 @@ status.displayCommentPrefix::
 	behavior of linkgit:git-status[1] in Git 1.8.4 and previous.
 	Defaults to false.
 
+status.renameLimit::
+	The number of files to consider when performing rename detection
+	in linkgit:git-status[1] and linkgit:git-commit[1]. Defaults to
+	the value of diff.renameLimit.
+
+status.renames::
+	Whether and how Git detects renames in linkgit:git-status[1] and
+	linkgit:git-commit[1] .  If set to "false", rename detection is
+	disabled. If set to "true", basic rename detection is enabled.
+	If set to "copies" or "copy", Git will detect copies, as well.
+	Defaults to the value of diff.renames.
+
+status.showStash::
+	If set to true, linkgit:git-status[1] will display the number of
+	entries currently stashed away.
+	Defaults to false.
+
 status.showUntrackedFiles::
 	By default, linkgit:git-status[1] and linkgit:git-commit[1] show
 	files which are not currently tracked by Git. Directories which
@@ -2401,7 +3372,7 @@ If this variable is not specified, it defaults to 'normal'.
 This variable can be overridden with the -u|--untracked-files option
 of linkgit:git-status[1] and linkgit:git-commit[1].
 
-status.submodulesummary::
+status.submoduleSummary::
 	Defaults to false.
 	If this is set to a non zero number or true (identical to -1 or an
 	unlimited number), the submodule summary will be enabled and a
@@ -2417,18 +3388,34 @@ status.submodulesummary::
 	submodule summary' command, which shows a similar output but does
 	not honor these settings.
 
-submodule.<name>.path::
+stash.showPatch::
+	If this is set to true, the `git stash show` command without an
+	option will show the stash entry in patch form.  Defaults to false.
+	See description of 'show' command in linkgit:git-stash[1].
+
+stash.showStat::
+	If this is set to true, the `git stash show` command without an
+	option will show diffstat of the stash entry.  Defaults to true.
+	See description of 'show' command in linkgit:git-stash[1].
+
 submodule.<name>.url::
-	The path within this project and URL for a submodule. These
-	variables are initially populated by 'git submodule init'. See
-	linkgit:git-submodule[1] and linkgit:gitmodules[5] for
-	details.
+	The URL for a submodule. This variable is copied from the .gitmodules
+	file to the git config via 'git submodule init'. The user can change
+	the configured URL before obtaining the submodule via 'git submodule
+	update'. If neither submodule.<name>.active or submodule.active are
+	set, the presence of this variable is used as a fallback to indicate
+	whether the submodule is of interest to git commands.
+	See linkgit:git-submodule[1] and linkgit:gitmodules[5] for details.
 
 submodule.<name>.update::
-	The default update procedure for a submodule. This variable
-	is populated by `git submodule init` from the
-	linkgit:gitmodules[5] file. See description of 'update'
-	command in linkgit:git-submodule[1].
+	The method by which a submodule is updated by 'git submodule update',
+	which is the only affected command, others such as
+	'git checkout --recurse-submodules' are unaffected. It exists for
+	historical reasons, when 'git submodule' was the only command to
+	interact with submodules; settings like `submodule.active`
+	and `pull.rebase` are more specific. It is populated by
+	`git submodule init` from the linkgit:gitmodules[5] file.
+	See description of 'update' command in linkgit:git-submodule[1].
 
 submodule.<name>.branch::
 	The remote branch name for a submodule, used by `git submodule
@@ -2459,6 +3446,46 @@ submodule.<name>.ignore::
 	"--ignore-submodules" option. The 'git submodule' commands are not
 	affected by this setting.
 
+submodule.<name>.active::
+	Boolean value indicating if the submodule is of interest to git
+	commands.  This config option takes precedence over the
+	submodule.active config option. See linkgit:gitsubmodules[7] for
+	details.
+
+submodule.active::
+	A repeated field which contains a pathspec used to match against a
+	submodule's path to determine if the submodule is of interest to git
+	commands. See linkgit:gitsubmodules[7] for details.
+
+submodule.recurse::
+	Specifies if commands recurse into submodules by default. This
+	applies to all commands that have a `--recurse-submodules` option,
+	except `clone`.
+	Defaults to false.
+
+submodule.fetchJobs::
+	Specifies how many submodules are fetched/cloned at the same time.
+	A positive integer allows up to that number of submodules fetched
+	in parallel. A value of 0 will give some reasonable default.
+	If unset, it defaults to 1.
+
+submodule.alternateLocation::
+	Specifies how the submodules obtain alternates when submodules are
+	cloned. Possible values are `no`, `superproject`.
+	By default `no` is assumed, which doesn't add references. When the
+	value is set to `superproject` the submodule to be cloned computes
+	its alternates location relative to the superprojects alternate.
+
+submodule.alternateErrorStrategy::
+	Specifies how to treat errors with the alternates for a submodule
+	as computed via `submodule.alternateLocation`. Possible values are
+	`ignore`, `info`, `die`. Default is `die`.
+
+tag.forceSignAnnotated::
+	A boolean to specify whether annotated tags created should be GPG signed.
+	If `--annotate` is specified on the command line, it takes
+	precedence over this option.
+
 tag.sort::
 	This variable controls the sort ordering of tags when displayed by
 	linkgit:git-tag[1]. Without the "--sort=<value>" option provided, the
@@ -2475,11 +3502,68 @@ transfer.fsckObjects::
 	When `fetch.fsckObjects` or `receive.fsckObjects` are
 	not set, the value of this variable is used instead.
 	Defaults to false.
-
-transfer.hiderefs::
-	This variable can be used to set both `receive.hiderefs`
-	and `uploadpack.hiderefs` at the same time to the same
-	values.  See entries for these other variables.
++
+When set, the fetch or receive will abort in the case of a malformed
+object or a link to a nonexistent object. In addition, various other
+issues are checked for, including legacy issues (see `fsck.<msg-id>`),
+and potential security issues like the existence of a `.GIT` directory
+or a malicious `.gitmodules` file (see the release notes for v2.2.1
+and v2.17.1 for details). Other sanity and security checks may be
+added in future releases.
++
+On the receiving side, failing fsckObjects will make those objects
+unreachable, see "QUARANTINE ENVIRONMENT" in
+linkgit:git-receive-pack[1]. On the fetch side, malformed objects will
+instead be left unreferenced in the repository.
++
+Due to the non-quarantine nature of the `fetch.fsckObjects`
+implementation it can not be relied upon to leave the object store
+clean like `receive.fsckObjects` can.
++
+As objects are unpacked they're written to the object store, so there
+can be cases where malicious objects get introduced even though the
+"fetch" failed, only to have a subsequent "fetch" succeed because only
+new incoming objects are checked, not those that have already been
+written to the object store. That difference in behavior should not be
+relied upon. In the future, such objects may be quarantined for
+"fetch" as well.
++
+For now, the paranoid need to find some way to emulate the quarantine
+environment if they'd like the same protection as "push". E.g. in the
+case of an internal mirror do the mirroring in two steps, one to fetch
+the untrusted objects, and then do a second "push" (which will use the
+quarantine) to another internal repo, and have internal clients
+consume this pushed-to repository, or embargo internal fetches and
+only allow them once a full "fsck" has run (and no new fetches have
+happened in the meantime).
+
+transfer.hideRefs::
+	String(s) `receive-pack` and `upload-pack` use to decide which
+	refs to omit from their initial advertisements.  Use more than
+	one definition to specify multiple prefix strings. A ref that is
+	under the hierarchies listed in the value of this variable is
+	excluded, and is hidden when responding to `git push` or `git
+	fetch`.  See `receive.hideRefs` and `uploadpack.hideRefs` for
+	program-specific versions of this config.
++
+You may also include a `!` in front of the ref name to negate the entry,
+explicitly exposing it, even if an earlier entry marked it as hidden.
+If you have multiple hideRefs values, later entries override earlier ones
+(and entries in more-specific config files override less-specific ones).
++
+If a namespace is in use, the namespace prefix is stripped from each
+reference before it is matched against `transfer.hiderefs` patterns.
+For example, if `refs/heads/master` is specified in `transfer.hideRefs` and
+the current namespace is `foo`, then `refs/namespaces/foo/refs/heads/master`
+is omitted from the advertisements but `refs/heads/master` and
+`refs/namespaces/bar/refs/heads/master` are still advertised as so-called
+"have" lines. In order to match refs before stripping, add a `^` in front of
+the ref name. If you combine `!` and `^`, `!` must be specified first.
++
+Even if you hide refs, a client may still be able to steal the target
+objects via the techniques described in the "SECURITY" section of the
+linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] man page; it's best to keep private data in a
+separate repository.
 
 transfer.unpackLimit::
 	When `fetch.unpackLimit` or `receive.unpackLimit` are
@@ -2489,26 +3573,40 @@ transfer.unpackLimit::
 uploadarchive.allowUnreachable::
 	If true, allow clients to use `git archive --remote` to request
 	any tree, whether reachable from the ref tips or not. See the
-	discussion in the `SECURITY` section of
+	discussion in the "SECURITY" section of
 	linkgit:git-upload-archive[1] for more details. Defaults to
 	`false`.
 
-uploadpack.hiderefs::
-	String(s) `upload-pack` uses to decide which refs to omit
-	from its initial advertisement.  Use more than one
-	definitions to specify multiple prefix strings. A ref that
-	are under the hierarchies listed on the value of this
-	variable is excluded, and is hidden from `git ls-remote`,
-	`git fetch`, etc.  An attempt to fetch a hidden ref by `git
-	fetch` will fail.  See also `uploadpack.allowtipsha1inwant`.
-
-uploadpack.allowtipsha1inwant::
-	When `uploadpack.hiderefs` is in effect, allow `upload-pack`
+uploadpack.hideRefs::
+	This variable is the same as `transfer.hideRefs`, but applies
+	only to `upload-pack` (and so affects only fetches, not pushes).
+	An attempt to fetch a hidden ref by `git fetch` will fail.  See
+	also `uploadpack.allowTipSHA1InWant`.
+
+uploadpack.allowTipSHA1InWant::
+	When `uploadpack.hideRefs` is in effect, allow `upload-pack`
 	to accept a fetch request that asks for an object at the tip
 	of a hidden ref (by default, such a request is rejected).
-	see also `uploadpack.hiderefs`.
+	See also `uploadpack.hideRefs`.  Even if this is false, a client
+	may be able to steal objects via the techniques described in the
+	"SECURITY" section of the linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] man page; it's
+	best to keep private data in a separate repository.
+
+uploadpack.allowReachableSHA1InWant::
+	Allow `upload-pack` to accept a fetch request that asks for an
+	object that is reachable from any ref tip. However, note that
+	calculating object reachability is computationally expensive.
+	Defaults to `false`.  Even if this is false, a client may be able
+	to steal objects via the techniques described in the "SECURITY"
+	section of the linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] man page; it's best to
+	keep private data in a separate repository.
+
+uploadpack.allowAnySHA1InWant::
+	Allow `upload-pack` to accept a fetch request that asks for any
+	object at all.
+	Defaults to `false`.
 
-uploadpack.keepalive::
+uploadpack.keepAlive::
 	When `upload-pack` has started `pack-objects`, there may be a
 	quiet period while `pack-objects` prepares the pack. Normally
 	it would output progress information, but if `--quiet` was used
@@ -2516,9 +3614,35 @@ uploadpack.keepalive::
 	the pack data begins. Some clients and networks may consider
 	the server to be hung and give up. Setting this option instructs
 	`upload-pack` to send an empty keepalive packet every
-	`uploadpack.keepalive` seconds. Setting this option to 0
+	`uploadpack.keepAlive` seconds. Setting this option to 0
 	disables keepalive packets entirely. The default is 5 seconds.
 
+uploadpack.packObjectsHook::
+	If this option is set, when `upload-pack` would run
+	`git pack-objects` to create a packfile for a client, it will
+	run this shell command instead.  The `pack-objects` command and
+	arguments it _would_ have run (including the `git pack-objects`
+	at the beginning) are appended to the shell command. The stdin
+	and stdout of the hook are treated as if `pack-objects` itself
+	was run. I.e., `upload-pack` will feed input intended for
+	`pack-objects` to the hook, and expects a completed packfile on
+	stdout.
+
+uploadpack.allowFilter::
+	If this option is set, `upload-pack` will support partial
+	clone and partial fetch object filtering.
++
+Note that this configuration variable is ignored if it is seen in the
+repository-level config (this is a safety measure against fetching from
+untrusted repositories).
+
+uploadpack.allowRefInWant::
+	If this option is set, `upload-pack` will support the `ref-in-want`
+	feature of the protocol version 2 `fetch` command.  This feature
+	is intended for the benefit of load-balanced servers which may
+	not have the same view of what OIDs their refs point to due to
+	replication delay.
+
 url.<base>.insteadOf::
 	Any URL that starts with this value will be rewritten to
 	start, instead, with <base>. In cases where some site serves a
@@ -2529,6 +3653,13 @@ url.<base>.insteadOf::
 	the best alternative for the particular user, even for a
 	never-before-seen repository on the site.  When more than one
 	insteadOf strings match a given URL, the longest match is used.
++
+Note that any protocol restrictions will be applied to the rewritten
+URL. If the rewrite changes the URL to use a custom protocol or remote
+helper, you may need to adjust the `protocol.*.allow` config to permit
+the request.  In particular, protocols you expect to use for submodules
+must be set to `always` rather than the default of `user`. See the
+description of `protocol.allow` above.
 
 url.<base>.pushInsteadOf::
 	Any URL that starts with this value will not be pushed to;
@@ -2545,22 +3676,76 @@ url.<base>.pushInsteadOf::
 
 user.email::
 	Your email address to be recorded in any newly created commits.
-	Can be overridden by the 'GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL', 'GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL', and
-	'EMAIL' environment variables.  See linkgit:git-commit-tree[1].
+	Can be overridden by the `GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL`, `GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL`, and
+	`EMAIL` environment variables.  See linkgit:git-commit-tree[1].
 
 user.name::
 	Your full name to be recorded in any newly created commits.
-	Can be overridden by the 'GIT_AUTHOR_NAME' and 'GIT_COMMITTER_NAME'
+	Can be overridden by the `GIT_AUTHOR_NAME` and `GIT_COMMITTER_NAME`
 	environment variables.  See linkgit:git-commit-tree[1].
 
-user.signingkey::
+user.useConfigOnly::
+	Instruct Git to avoid trying to guess defaults for `user.email`
+	and `user.name`, and instead retrieve the values only from the
+	configuration. For example, if you have multiple email addresses
+	and would like to use a different one for each repository, then
+	with this configuration option set to `true` in the global config
+	along with a name, Git will prompt you to set up an email before
+	making new commits in a newly cloned repository.
+	Defaults to `false`.
+
+user.signingKey::
 	If linkgit:git-tag[1] or linkgit:git-commit[1] is not selecting the
 	key you want it to automatically when creating a signed tag or
 	commit, you can override the default selection with this variable.
 	This option is passed unchanged to gpg's --local-user parameter,
 	so you may specify a key using any method that gpg supports.
 
+versionsort.prereleaseSuffix (deprecated)::
+	Deprecated alias for `versionsort.suffix`.  Ignored if
+	`versionsort.suffix` is set.
+
+versionsort.suffix::
+	Even when version sort is used in linkgit:git-tag[1], tagnames
+	with the same base version but different suffixes are still sorted
+	lexicographically, resulting e.g. in prerelease tags appearing
+	after the main release (e.g. "1.0-rc1" after "1.0").  This
+	variable can be specified to determine the sorting order of tags
+	with different suffixes.
++
+By specifying a single suffix in this variable, any tagname containing
+that suffix will appear before the corresponding main release.  E.g. if
+the variable is set to "-rc", then all "1.0-rcX" tags will appear before
+"1.0".  If specified multiple times, once per suffix, then the order of
+suffixes in the configuration will determine the sorting order of tagnames
+with those suffixes.  E.g. if "-pre" appears before "-rc" in the
+configuration, then all "1.0-preX" tags will be listed before any
+"1.0-rcX" tags.  The placement of the main release tag relative to tags
+with various suffixes can be determined by specifying the empty suffix
+among those other suffixes.  E.g. if the suffixes "-rc", "", "-ck" and
+"-bfs" appear in the configuration in this order, then all "v4.8-rcX" tags
+are listed first, followed by "v4.8", then "v4.8-ckX" and finally
+"v4.8-bfsX".
++
+If more than one suffixes match the same tagname, then that tagname will
+be sorted according to the suffix which starts at the earliest position in
+the tagname.  If more than one different matching suffixes start at
+that earliest position, then that tagname will be sorted according to the
+longest of those suffixes.
+The sorting order between different suffixes is undefined if they are
+in multiple config files.
+
 web.browser::
 	Specify a web browser that may be used by some commands.
 	Currently only linkgit:git-instaweb[1] and linkgit:git-help[1]
 	may use it.
+
+worktree.guessRemote::
+	With `add`, if no branch argument, and neither of `-b` nor
+	`-B` nor `--detach` are given, the command defaults to
+	creating a new branch from HEAD.  If `worktree.guessRemote` is
+	set to true, `worktree add` tries to find a remote-tracking
+	branch whose name uniquely matches the new branch name.  If
+	such a branch exists, it is checked out and set as "upstream"
+	for the new branch.  If no such match can be found, it falls
+	back to creating a new branch from the current HEAD.
diff --git a/Documentation/date-formats.txt b/Documentation/date-formats.txt
index ccd1fc8122..6926e0a4c8 100644
--- a/Documentation/date-formats.txt
+++ b/Documentation/date-formats.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 DATE FORMATS
 ------------
 
-The GIT_AUTHOR_DATE, GIT_COMMITTER_DATE environment variables
+The `GIT_AUTHOR_DATE`, `GIT_COMMITTER_DATE` environment variables
 ifdef::git-commit[]
 and the `--date` option
 endif::git-commit[]
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Git internal format::
 	It is `<unix timestamp> <time zone offset>`, where `<unix
 	timestamp>` is the number of seconds since the UNIX epoch.
 	`<time zone offset>` is a positive or negative offset from UTC.
-	For example CET (which is 2 hours ahead UTC) is `+0200`.
+	For example CET (which is 1 hour ahead of UTC) is `+0100`.
 
 RFC 2822::
 	The standard email format as described by RFC 2822, for example
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-config.txt b/Documentation/diff-config.txt
index b001779520..85bca83c30 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-config.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-diff.autorefreshindex::
+diff.autoRefreshIndex::
 	When using 'git diff' to compare with work tree
 	files, do not consider stat-only change as changed.
 	Instead, silently run `git update-index --refresh` to
@@ -60,6 +60,12 @@ diff.context::
 	Generate diffs with <n> lines of context instead of the default
 	of 3. This value is overridden by the -U option.
 
+diff.interHunkContext::
+	Show the context between diff hunks, up to the specified number
+	of lines, thereby fusing the hunks that are close to each other.
+	This value serves as the default for the `--inter-hunk-context`
+	command line option.
+
 diff.external::
 	If this config variable is set, diff generation is not
 	performed using the internal diff machinery, but using the
@@ -75,11 +81,11 @@ diff.ignoreSubmodules::
 	commands such as 'git diff-files'. 'git checkout' also honors
 	this setting when reporting uncommitted changes. Setting it to
 	'all' disables the submodule summary normally shown by 'git commit'
-	and 'git status' when 'status.submodulesummary' is set unless it is
+	and 'git status' when `status.submoduleSummary` is set unless it is
 	overridden by using the --ignore-submodules command-line option.
 	The 'git submodule' commands are not affected by this setting.
 
-diff.mnemonicprefix::
+diff.mnemonicPrefix::
 	If set, 'git diff' uses a prefix pair that is different from the
 	standard "a/" and "b/" depending on what is being compared.  When
 	this configuration is in effect, reverse diff output also swaps
@@ -98,19 +104,25 @@ diff.mnemonicprefix::
 diff.noprefix::
 	If set, 'git diff' does not show any source or destination prefix.
 
-diff.orderfile::
-	File indicating how to order files within a diff, using
-	one shell glob pattern per line.
-	Can be overridden by the '-O' option to linkgit:git-diff[1].
+diff.orderFile::
+	File indicating how to order files within a diff.
+	See the '-O' option to linkgit:git-diff[1] for details.
+	If `diff.orderFile` is a relative pathname, it is treated as
+	relative to the top of the working tree.
 
 diff.renameLimit::
 	The number of files to consider when performing the copy/rename
-	detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option '-l'.
+	detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option `-l`. This setting
+	has no effect if rename detection is turned off.
 
 diff.renames::
-	Tells Git to detect renames.  If set to any boolean value, it
-	will enable basic rename detection.  If set to "copies" or
-	"copy", it will detect copies, as well.
+	Whether and how Git detects renames.  If set to "false",
+	rename detection is disabled. If set to "true", basic rename
+	detection is enabled.  If set to "copies" or "copy", Git will
+	detect copies, as well.  Defaults to true.  Note that this
+	affects only 'git diff' Porcelain like linkgit:git-diff[1] and
+	linkgit:git-log[1], and not lower level commands such as
+	linkgit:git-diff-files[1].
 
 diff.suppressBlankEmpty::
 	A boolean to inhibit the standard behavior of printing a space
@@ -118,10 +130,11 @@ diff.suppressBlankEmpty::
 
 diff.submodule::
 	Specify the format in which differences in submodules are
-	shown.  The "log" format lists the commits in the range like
-	linkgit:git-submodule[1] `summary` does.  The "short" format
-	format just shows the names of the commits at the beginning
-	and end of the range.  Defaults to short.
+	shown.  The "short" format just shows the names of the commits
+	at the beginning and end of the range. The "log" format lists
+	the commits in the range like linkgit:git-submodule[1] `summary`
+	does. The "diff" format shows an inline diff of the changed
+	contents of the submodule. Defaults to "short".
 
 diff.wordRegex::
 	A POSIX Extended Regular Expression used to determine what is a "word"
@@ -148,7 +161,7 @@ diff.<driver>.textconv::
 	conversion is used to generate a human-readable diff.  See
 	linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
 
-diff.<driver>.wordregex::
+diff.<driver>.wordRegex::
 	The regular expression that the diff driver should use to
 	split words in a line.  See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for
 	details.
@@ -166,6 +179,10 @@ diff.tool::
 
 include::mergetools-diff.txt[]
 
+diff.indentHeuristic::
+	Set this option to `true` to enable experimental heuristics
+	that shift diff hunk boundaries to make patches easier to read.
+
 diff.algorithm::
 	Choose a diff algorithm.  The variants are as follows:
 +
@@ -182,3 +199,24 @@ diff.algorithm::
 	low-occurrence common elements".
 --
 +
+
+diff.wsErrorHighlight::
+	Highlight whitespace errors in the `context`, `old` or `new`
+	lines of the diff.  Multiple values are separated by comma,
+	`none` resets previous values, `default` reset the list to
+	`new` and `all` is a shorthand for `old,new,context`.  The
+	whitespace errors are colored with `color.diff.whitespace`.
+	The command line option `--ws-error-highlight=<kind>`
+	overrides this setting.
+
+diff.colorMoved::
+	If set to either a valid `<mode>` or a true value, moved lines
+	in a diff are colored differently, for details of valid modes
+	see '--color-moved' in linkgit:git-diff[1]. If simply set to
+	true the default color mode will be used. When set to false,
+	moved lines are not colored.
+
+diff.colorMovedWS::
+	When moved lines are colored using e.g. the `diff.colorMoved` setting,
+	this option controls the `<mode>` how spaces are treated
+	for details of valid modes see '--color-moved-ws' in linkgit:git-diff[1].
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-format.txt b/Documentation/diff-format.txt
index 85b08909ce..706916c94c 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-format.txt
@@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ That is, from the left to the right:
 . sha1 for "dst"; 0\{40\} if creation, unmerged or "look at work tree".
 . a space.
 . status, followed by optional "score" number.
-. a tab or a NUL when '-z' option is used.
+. a tab or a NUL when `-z` option is used.
 . path for "src"
-. a tab or a NUL when '-z' option is used; only exists for C or R.
+. a tab or a NUL when `-z` option is used; only exists for C or R.
 . path for "dst"; only exists for C or R.
-. an LF or a NUL when '-z' option is used, to terminate the record.
+. an LF or a NUL when `-z` option is used, to terminate the record.
 
 Possible status letters are:
 
@@ -78,15 +78,16 @@ Example:
 :100644 100644 5be4a4...... 000000...... M file.c
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-When `-z` option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
-in pathnames are represented as `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`,
-respectively.
+Without the `-z` option, pathnames with "unusual" characters are
+quoted as explained for the configuration variable `core.quotePath`
+(see linkgit:git-config[1]).  Using `-z` the filename is output
+verbatim and the line is terminated by a NUL byte.
 
 diff format for merges
 ----------------------
 
 "git-diff-tree", "git-diff-files" and "git-diff --raw"
-can take '-c' or '--cc' option
+can take `-c` or `--cc` option
 to generate diff output also for merge commits.  The output differs
 from the format described above in the following way:
 
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt b/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt
index 843a20bac2..231105cff4 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@ Generating patches with -p
 --------------------------
 
 When "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree", or "git-diff-files" are run
-with a '-p' option, "git diff" without the '--raw' option, or
+with a `-p` option, "git diff" without the `--raw` option, or
 "git log" with the "-p" option, they
 do not produce the output described above; instead they produce a
 patch file.  You can customize the creation of such patches via the
-GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and the GIT_DIFF_OPTS environment variables.
+`GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` and the `GIT_DIFF_OPTS` environment variables.
 
 What the -p option produces is slightly different from the traditional
 diff format:
@@ -53,10 +53,9 @@ The index line includes the SHA-1 checksum before and after the change.
 The <mode> is included if the file mode does not change; otherwise,
 separate lines indicate the old and the new mode.
 
-3.  TAB, LF, double quote and backslash characters in pathnames
-    are represented as `\t`, `\n`, `\"` and `\\`, respectively.
-    If there is need for such substitution then the whole
-    pathname is put in double quotes.
+3.  Pathnames with "unusual" characters are quoted as explained for
+    the configuration variable `core.quotePath` (see
+    linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 4.  All the `file1` files in the output refer to files before the
     commit, and all the `file2` files refer to files after the commit.
@@ -77,7 +76,7 @@ combined diff format
 Any diff-generating command can take the `-c` or `--cc` option to
 produce a 'combined diff' when showing a merge. This is the default
 format when showing merges with linkgit:git-diff[1] or
-linkgit:git-show[1]. Note also that you can give the `-m' option to any
+linkgit:git-show[1]. Note also that you can give the `-m` option to any
 of these commands to force generation of diffs with individual parents
 of a merge.
 
@@ -114,11 +113,11 @@ index fabadb8,cc95eb0..4866510
 ------------
 
 1.   It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
-     this (when '-c' option is used):
+     this (when `-c` option is used):
 
        diff --combined file
 +
-or like this (when '--cc' option is used):
+or like this (when `--cc` option is used):
 
        diff --cc file
 
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
index 6cb083aae5..0378cd574e 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
@@ -23,13 +23,15 @@ ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 -u::
 --patch::
 	Generate patch (see section on generating patches).
-	{git-diff? This is the default.}
-endif::git-format-patch[]
+ifdef::git-diff[]
+	This is the default.
+endif::git-diff[]
 
 -s::
 --no-patch::
 	Suppress diff output. Useful for commands like `git show` that
 	show the patch by default, or to cancel the effect of `--patch`.
+endif::git-format-patch[]
 
 -U<n>::
 --unified=<n>::
@@ -41,8 +43,19 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
 
 ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 --raw::
-	Generate the raw format.
-	{git-diff-core? This is the default.}
+ifndef::git-log[]
+	Generate the diff in raw format.
+ifdef::git-diff-core[]
+	This is the default.
+endif::git-diff-core[]
+endif::git-log[]
+ifdef::git-log[]
+	For each commit, show a summary of changes using the raw diff
+	format. See the "RAW OUTPUT FORMAT" section of
+	linkgit:git-diff[1]. This is different from showing the log
+	itself in raw format, which you can achieve with
+	`--format=raw`.
+endif::git-log[]
 endif::git-format-patch[]
 
 ifndef::git-format-patch[]
@@ -50,6 +63,13 @@ ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 	Synonym for `-p --raw`.
 endif::git-format-patch[]
 
+--indent-heuristic::
+	Enable the heuristic that shifts diff hunk boundaries to make patches
+	easier to read. This is the default.
+
+--no-indent-heuristic::
+	Disable the indent heuristic.
+
 --minimal::
 	Spend extra time to make sure the smallest possible
 	diff is produced.
@@ -60,6 +80,16 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
 --histogram::
 	Generate a diff using the "histogram diff" algorithm.
 
+--anchored=<text>::
+	Generate a diff using the "anchored diff" algorithm.
++
+This option may be specified more than once.
++
+If a line exists in both the source and destination, exists only once,
+and starts with this text, this algorithm attempts to prevent it from
+appearing as a deletion or addition in the output. It uses the "patience
+diff" algorithm internally.
+
 --diff-algorithm={patience|minimal|histogram|myers}::
 	Choose a diff algorithm. The variants are as follows:
 +
@@ -76,7 +106,7 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
 	low-occurrence common elements".
 --
 +
-For instance, if you configured diff.algorithm variable to a
+For instance, if you configured the `diff.algorithm` variable to a
 non-default value and want to use the default one, then you
 have to use `--diff-algorithm=default` option.
 
@@ -98,6 +128,14 @@ have to use `--diff-algorithm=default` option.
 These parameters can also be set individually with `--stat-width=<width>`,
 `--stat-name-width=<name-width>` and `--stat-count=<count>`.
 
+--compact-summary::
+	Output a condensed summary of extended header information such
+	as file creations or deletions ("new" or "gone", optionally "+l"
+	if it's a symlink) and mode changes ("+x" or "-x" for adding
+	or removing executable bit respectively) in diffstat. The
+	information is put between the filename part and the graph
+	part. Implies `--stat`.
+
 --numstat::
 	Similar to `--stat`, but shows number of added and
 	deleted lines in decimal notation and pathname without
@@ -177,10 +215,9 @@ ifndef::git-log[]
 	given, do not munge pathnames and use NULs as output field terminators.
 endif::git-log[]
 +
-Without this option, each pathname output will have TAB, LF, double quotes,
-and backslash characters replaced with `\t`, `\n`, `\"`, and `\\`,
-respectively, and the pathname will be enclosed in double quotes if
-any of those replacements occurred.
+Without this option, pathnames with "unusual" characters are quoted as
+explained for the configuration variable `core.quotePath` (see
+linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 --name-only::
 	Show only names of changed files.
@@ -190,13 +227,16 @@ any of those replacements occurred.
 	of the `--diff-filter` option on what the status letters mean.
 
 --submodule[=<format>]::
-	Specify how differences in submodules are shown.  When `--submodule`
-	or `--submodule=log` is given, the 'log' format is used.  This format lists
-	the commits in the range like linkgit:git-submodule[1] `summary` does.
-	Omitting the `--submodule` option or specifying `--submodule=short`,
-	uses the 'short' format. This format just shows the names of the commits
-	at the beginning and end of the range.  Can be tweaked via the
-	`diff.submodule` configuration variable.
+	Specify how differences in submodules are shown.  When specifying
+	`--submodule=short` the 'short' format is used.  This format just
+	shows the names of the commits at the beginning and end of the range.
+	When `--submodule` or `--submodule=log` is specified, the 'log'
+	format is used.  This format lists the commits in the range like
+	linkgit:git-submodule[1] `summary` does.  When `--submodule=diff`
+	is specified, the 'diff' format is used.  This format shows an
+	inline diff of the changes in the submodule contents between the
+	commit range.  Defaults to `diff.submodule` or the 'short' format
+	if the config option is unset.
 
 --color[=<when>]::
 	Show colored diff.
@@ -214,6 +254,70 @@ ifdef::git-diff[]
 endif::git-diff[]
 	It is the same as `--color=never`.
 
+--color-moved[=<mode>]::
+	Moved lines of code are colored differently.
+ifdef::git-diff[]
+	It can be changed by the `diff.colorMoved` configuration setting.
+endif::git-diff[]
+	The <mode> defaults to 'no' if the option is not given
+	and to 'zebra' if the option with no mode is given.
+	The mode must be one of:
++
+--
+no::
+	Moved lines are not highlighted.
+default::
+	Is a synonym for `zebra`. This may change to a more sensible mode
+	in the future.
+plain::
+	Any line that is added in one location and was removed
+	in another location will be colored with 'color.diff.newMoved'.
+	Similarly 'color.diff.oldMoved' will be used for removed lines
+	that are added somewhere else in the diff. This mode picks up any
+	moved line, but it is not very useful in a review to determine
+	if a block of code was moved without permutation.
+blocks::
+	Blocks of moved text of at least 20 alphanumeric characters
+	are detected greedily. The detected blocks are
+	painted using either the 'color.diff.{old,new}Moved' color.
+	Adjacent blocks cannot be told apart.
+zebra::
+	Blocks of moved text are detected as in 'blocks' mode. The blocks
+	are painted using either the 'color.diff.{old,new}Moved' color or
+	'color.diff.{old,new}MovedAlternative'. The change between
+	the two colors indicates that a new block was detected.
+dimmed-zebra::
+	Similar to 'zebra', but additional dimming of uninteresting parts
+	of moved code is performed. The bordering lines of two adjacent
+	blocks are considered interesting, the rest is uninteresting.
+	`dimmed_zebra` is a deprecated synonym.
+--
+
+--color-moved-ws=<modes>::
+	This configures how white spaces are ignored when performing the
+	move detection for `--color-moved`.
+ifdef::git-diff[]
+	It can be set by the `diff.colorMovedWS` configuration setting.
+endif::git-diff[]
+	These modes can be given as a comma separated list:
++
+--
+ignore-space-at-eol::
+	Ignore changes in whitespace at EOL.
+ignore-space-change::
+	Ignore changes in amount of whitespace.  This ignores whitespace
+	at line end, and considers all other sequences of one or
+	more whitespace characters to be equivalent.
+ignore-all-space::
+	Ignore whitespace when comparing lines. This ignores differences
+	even if one line has whitespace where the other line has none.
+allow-indentation-change::
+	Initially ignore any white spaces in the move detection, then
+	group the moved code blocks only into a block if the change in
+	whitespace is the same per line. This is incompatible with the
+	other modes.
+--
+
 --word-diff[=<mode>]::
 	Show a word diff, using the <mode> to delimit changed words.
 	By default, words are delimited by whitespace; see
@@ -254,8 +358,11 @@ expression to make sure that it matches all non-whitespace characters.
 A match that contains a newline is silently truncated(!) at the
 newline.
 +
+For example, `--word-diff-regex=.` will treat each character as a word
+and, correspondingly, show differences character by character.
++
 The regex can also be set via a diff driver or configuration option, see
-linkgit:gitattributes[1] or linkgit:git-config[1].  Giving it explicitly
+linkgit:gitattributes[5] or linkgit:git-config[1].  Giving it explicitly
 overrides any diff driver or configuration setting.  Diff drivers
 override configuration settings.
 
@@ -270,14 +377,25 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
 
 ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 --check::
-	Warn if changes introduce whitespace errors.  What are
-	considered whitespace errors is controlled by `core.whitespace`
+	Warn if changes introduce conflict markers or whitespace errors.
+	What are considered whitespace errors is controlled by `core.whitespace`
 	configuration.  By default, trailing whitespaces (including
-	lines that solely consist of whitespaces) and a space character
+	lines that consist solely of whitespaces) and a space character
 	that is immediately followed by a tab character inside the
 	initial indent of the line are considered whitespace errors.
 	Exits with non-zero status if problems are found. Not compatible
 	with --exit-code.
+
+--ws-error-highlight=<kind>::
+	Highlight whitespace errors in the `context`, `old` or `new`
+	lines of the diff.  Multiple values are separated by comma,
+	`none` resets previous values, `default` reset the list to
+	`new` and `all` is a shorthand for `old,new,context`.  When
+	this option is not given, and the configuration variable
+	`diff.wsErrorHighlight` is not set, only whitespace errors in
+	`new` lines are highlighted. The whitespace errors are colored
+	with `color.diff.whitespace`.
+
 endif::git-format-patch[]
 
 --full-index::
@@ -360,7 +478,7 @@ endif::git-log[]
 	the diff between the preimage and `/dev/null`. The resulting patch
 	is not meant to be applied with `patch` or `git apply`; this is
 	solely for people who want to just concentrate on reviewing the
-	text after the change. In addition, the output obviously lack
+	text after the change. In addition, the output obviously lacks
 	enough information to apply such a patch in reverse, even manually,
 	hence the name of the option.
 +
@@ -386,6 +504,15 @@ ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 	paths are selected if there is any file that matches
 	other criteria in the comparison; if there is no file
 	that matches other criteria, nothing is selected.
++
+Also, these upper-case letters can be downcased to exclude.  E.g.
+`--diff-filter=ad` excludes added and deleted paths.
++
+Note that not all diffs can feature all types. For instance, diffs
+from the index to the working tree can never have Added entries
+(because the set of paths included in the diff is limited by what is in
+the index).  Similarly, copied and renamed entries cannot appear if
+detection for those types is disabled.
 
 -S<string>::
 	Look for differences that change the number of occurrences of
@@ -419,6 +546,15 @@ occurrences of that string did not change).
 See the 'pickaxe' entry in linkgit:gitdiffcore[7] for more
 information.
 
+--find-object=<object-id>::
+	Look for differences that change the number of occurrences of
+	the specified object. Similar to `-S`, just the argument is different
+	in that it doesn't search for a specific string but for a specific
+	object id.
++
+The object can be a blob or a submodule commit. It implies the `-t` option in
+`git-log` to also find trees.
+
 --pickaxe-all::
 	When `-S` or `-G` finds a change, show all the changes in that
 	changeset, not just the files that contain the change
@@ -427,14 +563,45 @@ information.
 --pickaxe-regex::
 	Treat the <string> given to `-S` as an extended POSIX regular
 	expression to match.
+
 endif::git-format-patch[]
 
 -O<orderfile>::
-	Output the patch in the order specified in the
-	<orderfile>, which has one shell glob pattern per line.
-	This overrides the `diff.orderfile` configuration variable
-	(see linkgit:git-config[1]).  To cancel `diff.orderfile`,
+	Control the order in which files appear in the output.
+	This overrides the `diff.orderFile` configuration variable
+	(see linkgit:git-config[1]).  To cancel `diff.orderFile`,
 	use `-O/dev/null`.
++
+The output order is determined by the order of glob patterns in
+<orderfile>.
+All files with pathnames that match the first pattern are output
+first, all files with pathnames that match the second pattern (but not
+the first) are output next, and so on.
+All files with pathnames that do not match any pattern are output
+last, as if there was an implicit match-all pattern at the end of the
+file.
+If multiple pathnames have the same rank (they match the same pattern
+but no earlier patterns), their output order relative to each other is
+the normal order.
++
+<orderfile> is parsed as follows:
++
+--
+ - Blank lines are ignored, so they can be used as separators for
+   readability.
+
+ - Lines starting with a hash ("`#`") are ignored, so they can be used
+   for comments.  Add a backslash ("`\`") to the beginning of the
+   pattern if it starts with a hash.
+
+ - Each other line contains a single pattern.
+--
++
+Patterns have the same syntax and semantics as patterns used for
+fnmatch(3) without the FNM_PATHNAME flag, except a pathname also
+matches a pattern if removing any number of the final pathname
+components matches the pattern.  For example, the pattern "`foo*bar`"
+matches "`fooasdfbar`" and "`foo/bar/baz/asdf`" but not "`foobarx`".
 
 ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 -R::
@@ -454,6 +621,9 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
 --text::
 	Treat all files as text.
 
+--ignore-cr-at-eol::
+	Ignore carriage-return at the end of line when doing a comparison.
+
 --ignore-space-at-eol::
 	Ignore changes in whitespace at EOL.
 
@@ -475,6 +645,8 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
 --inter-hunk-context=<lines>::
 	Show the context between diff hunks, up to the specified number
 	of lines, thereby fusing hunks that are close to each other.
+	Defaults to `diff.interHunkContext` or 0 if the config option
+	is unset.
 
 -W::
 --function-context::
@@ -533,5 +705,16 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
 --no-prefix::
 	Do not show any source or destination prefix.
 
+--line-prefix=<prefix>::
+	Prepend an additional prefix to every line of output.
+
+--ita-invisible-in-index::
+	By default entries added by "git add -N" appear as an existing
+	empty file in "git diff" and a new file in "git diff --cached".
+	This option makes the entry appear as a new file in "git diff"
+	and non-existent in "git diff --cached". This option could be
+	reverted with `--ita-visible-in-index`. Both options are
+	experimental and could be removed in future.
+
 For more detailed explanation on these common options, see also
 linkgit:gitdiffcore[7].
diff --git a/Documentation/doc-diff b/Documentation/doc-diff
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f483fe427c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/doc-diff
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+doc-diff [options] <from> <to> [-- <diff-options>]
+--
+j=n	parallel argument to pass to make
+f	force rebuild; do not rely on cached results
+"
+SUBDIRECTORY_OK=1
+. "$(git --exec-path)/git-sh-setup"
+
+parallel=
+force=
+while test $# -gt 0
+do
+	case "$1" in
+	-j)
+		parallel=$2; shift ;;
+	-f)
+		force=t ;;
+	--)
+		shift; break ;;
+	*)
+		usage ;;
+	esac
+	shift
+done
+
+if test -z "$parallel"
+then
+	parallel=$(getconf _NPROCESSORS_ONLN 2>/dev/null)
+	if test $? != 0 || test -z "$parallel"
+	then
+		parallel=1
+	fi
+fi
+
+test $# -gt 1 || usage
+from=$1; shift
+to=$1; shift
+
+from_oid=$(git rev-parse --verify "$from") || exit 1
+to_oid=$(git rev-parse --verify "$to") || exit 1
+
+cd_to_toplevel
+tmp=Documentation/tmp-doc-diff
+
+if test -n "$force"
+then
+	rm -rf "$tmp"
+fi
+
+# We'll do both builds in a single worktree, which lets "make" reuse
+# results that don't differ between the two trees.
+if ! test -d "$tmp/worktree"
+then
+	git worktree add --detach "$tmp/worktree" "$from" &&
+	dots=$(echo "$tmp/worktree" | sed 's#[^/]*#..#g') &&
+	ln -s "$dots/config.mak" "$tmp/worktree/config.mak"
+fi
+
+# generate_render_makefile <srcdir> <dstdir>
+generate_render_makefile () {
+	find "$1" -type f |
+	while read src
+	do
+		dst=$2/${src#$1/}
+		printf 'all:: %s\n' "$dst"
+		printf '%s: %s\n' "$dst" "$src"
+		printf '\t@echo >&2 "  RENDER $(notdir $@)" && \\\n'
+		printf '\tmkdir -p $(dir $@) && \\\n'
+		printf '\tMANWIDTH=80 man -l $< >$@+ && \\\n'
+		printf '\tmv $@+ $@\n'
+	done
+}
+
+# render_tree <dirname> <committish>
+render_tree () {
+	# Skip install-man entirely if we already have an installed directory.
+	# We can't rely on make here, since "install-man" unconditionally
+	# copies the files (spending effort, but also updating timestamps that
+	# we then can't rely on during the render step). We use "mv" to make
+	# sure we don't get confused by a previous run that failed partway
+	# through.
+	if ! test -d "$tmp/installed/$1"
+	then
+		git -C "$tmp/worktree" checkout "$2" &&
+		make -j$parallel -C "$tmp/worktree" \
+			GIT_VERSION=omitted \
+			SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH=0 \
+			DESTDIR="$PWD/$tmp/installed/$1+" \
+			install-man &&
+		mv "$tmp/installed/$1+" "$tmp/installed/$1"
+	fi &&
+
+	# As with "installed" above, we skip the render if it's already been
+	# done.  So using make here is primarily just about running in
+	# parallel.
+	if ! test -d "$tmp/rendered/$1"
+	then
+		generate_render_makefile "$tmp/installed/$1" "$tmp/rendered/$1+" |
+		make -j$parallel -f - &&
+		mv "$tmp/rendered/$1+" "$tmp/rendered/$1"
+	fi
+}
+
+render_tree $from_oid "$from" &&
+render_tree $to_oid "$to" &&
+git -C $tmp/rendered diff --no-index "$@" $from_oid $to_oid
diff --git a/Documentation/everyday.txto b/Documentation/everyday.txto
index c5047d8f9b..ae555bd47e 100644
--- a/Documentation/everyday.txto
+++ b/Documentation/everyday.txto
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So
 ===================================
 
-This document has been moved to linkgit:giteveryday[1].
+This document has been moved to linkgit:giteveryday[7].
 
 Please let the owners of the referring site know so that they can update the
 link you clicked to get here.
diff --git a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
index b09a783ee3..8bc36af4b1 100644
--- a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
@@ -8,10 +8,25 @@
 	option old data in `.git/FETCH_HEAD` will be overwritten.
 
 --depth=<depth>::
-	Deepen or shorten the history of a 'shallow' repository created by
-	`git clone` with `--depth=<depth>` option (see linkgit:git-clone[1])
-	to the specified number of commits from the tip of each remote
-	branch history. Tags for the deepened commits are not fetched.
+	Limit fetching to the specified number of commits from the tip of
+	each remote branch history. If fetching to a 'shallow' repository
+	created by `git clone` with `--depth=<depth>` option (see
+	linkgit:git-clone[1]), deepen or shorten the history to the specified
+	number of commits. Tags for the deepened commits are not fetched.
+
+--deepen=<depth>::
+	Similar to --depth, except it specifies the number of commits
+	from the current shallow boundary instead of from the tip of
+	each remote branch history.
+
+--shallow-since=<date>::
+	Deepen or shorten the history of a shallow repository to
+	include all reachable commits after <date>.
+
+--shallow-exclude=<revision>::
+	Deepen or shorten the history of a shallow repository to
+	exclude commits reachable from a specified remote branch or tag.
+	This option can be specified multiple times.
 
 --unshallow::
 	If the source repository is complete, convert a shallow
@@ -27,6 +42,25 @@ the current repository has the same history as the source repository.
 	.git/shallow. This option updates .git/shallow and accept such
 	refs.
 
+--negotiation-tip=<commit|glob>::
+	By default, Git will report, to the server, commits reachable
+	from all local refs to find common commits in an attempt to
+	reduce the size of the to-be-received packfile. If specified,
+	Git will only report commits reachable from the given tips.
+	This is useful to speed up fetches when the user knows which
+	local ref is likely to have commits in common with the
+	upstream ref being fetched.
++
+This option may be specified more than once; if so, Git will report
+commits reachable from any of the given commits.
++
+The argument to this option may be a glob on ref names, a ref, or the (possibly
+abbreviated) SHA-1 of a commit. Specifying a glob is equivalent to specifying
+this option multiple times, one for each matching ref name.
++
+See also the `fetch.negotiationAlgorithm` configuration variable
+documented in linkgit:git-config[1].
+
 ifndef::git-pull[]
 --dry-run::
 	Show what would be done, without making any changes.
@@ -51,14 +85,29 @@ ifndef::git-pull[]
 
 -p::
 --prune::
-	After fetching, remove any remote-tracking references that no
+	Before fetching, remove any remote-tracking references that no
 	longer exist on the remote.  Tags are not subject to pruning
 	if they are fetched only because of the default tag
 	auto-following or due to a --tags option.  However, if tags
 	are fetched due to an explicit refspec (either on the command
 	line or in the remote configuration, for example if the remote
 	was cloned with the --mirror option), then they are also
-	subject to pruning.
+	subject to pruning. Supplying `--prune-tags` is a shorthand for
+	providing the tag refspec.
++
+See the PRUNING section below for more details.
+
+-P::
+--prune-tags::
+	Before fetching, remove any local tags that no longer exist on
+	the remote if `--prune` is enabled. This option should be used
+	more carefully, unlike `--prune` it will remove any local
+	references (local tags) that have been created. This option is
+	a shorthand for providing the explicit tag refspec along with
+	`--prune`, see the discussion about that in its documentation.
++
+See the PRUNING section below for more details.
+
 endif::git-pull[]
 
 ifndef::git-pull[]
@@ -68,7 +117,7 @@ endif::git-pull[]
 	By default, tags that point at objects that are downloaded
 	from the remote repository are fetched and stored locally.
 	This option disables this automatic tag following. The default
-	behavior for a remote may be specified with the remote.<name>.tagopt
+	behavior for a remote may be specified with the remote.<name>.tagOpt
 	setting. See linkgit:git-config[1].
 
 ifndef::git-pull[]
@@ -87,7 +136,7 @@ ifndef::git-pull[]
 	to whatever else would otherwise be fetched.  Using this
 	option alone does not subject tags to pruning, even if --prune
 	is used (though tags may be pruned anyway if they are also the
-	destination of an explicit refspec; see '--prune').
+	destination of an explicit refspec; see `--prune`).
 
 --recurse-submodules[=yes|on-demand|no]::
 	This option controls if and under what conditions new commits of
@@ -100,9 +149,16 @@ ifndef::git-pull[]
 	reference to a commit that isn't already in the local submodule
 	clone.
 
+-j::
+--jobs=<n>::
+	Number of parallel children to be used for fetching submodules.
+	Each will fetch from different submodules, such that fetching many
+	submodules will be faster. By default submodules will be fetched
+	one at a time.
+
 --no-recurse-submodules::
 	Disable recursive fetching of submodules (this has the same effect as
-	using the '--recurse-submodules=no' option).
+	using the `--recurse-submodules=no` option).
 
 --submodule-prefix=<path>::
 	Prepend <path> to paths printed in informative messages
@@ -129,7 +185,7 @@ endif::git-pull[]
 
 --upload-pack <upload-pack>::
 	When given, and the repository to fetch from is handled
-	by 'git fetch-pack', '--exec=<upload-pack>' is passed to
+	by 'git fetch-pack', `--exec=<upload-pack>` is passed to
 	the command to specify non-default path for the command
 	run on the other end.
 
@@ -150,3 +206,19 @@ endif::git-pull[]
 	by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q
 	is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the
 	standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.
+
+-o <option>::
+--server-option=<option>::
+	Transmit the given string to the server when communicating using
+	protocol version 2.  The given string must not contain a NUL or LF
+	character.
+	When multiple `--server-option=<option>` are given, they are all
+	sent to the other side in the order listed on the command line.
+
+-4::
+--ipv4::
+	Use IPv4 addresses only, ignoring IPv6 addresses.
+
+-6::
+--ipv6::
+	Use IPv6 addresses only, ignoring IPv4 addresses.
diff --git a/Documentation/fmt-merge-msg-config.txt b/Documentation/fmt-merge-msg-config.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c73cfa90b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/fmt-merge-msg-config.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+merge.branchdesc::
+	In addition to branch names, populate the log message with
+	the branch description text associated with them.  Defaults
+	to false.
+
+merge.log::
+	In addition to branch names, populate the log message with at
+	most the specified number of one-line descriptions from the
+	actual commits that are being merged.  Defaults to false, and
+	true is a synonym for 20.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-add.txt b/Documentation/git-add.txt
index 1c74907dd4..45652fe4a6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-add.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-add.txt
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 [verse]
 'git add' [--verbose | -v] [--dry-run | -n] [--force | -f] [--interactive | -i] [--patch | -p]
 	  [--edit | -e] [--[no-]all | --[no-]ignore-removal | [--update | -u]]
-	  [--intent-to-add | -N] [--refresh] [--ignore-errors] [--ignore-missing]
-	  [--] [<pathspec>...]
+	  [--intent-to-add | -N] [--refresh] [--ignore-errors] [--ignore-missing] [--renormalize]
+	  [--chmod=(+|-)x] [--] [<pathspec>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ remove paths that do not exist in the working tree anymore.
 
 The "index" holds a snapshot of the content of the working tree, and it
 is this snapshot that is taken as the contents of the next commit.  Thus
-after making any changes to the working directory, and before running
+after making any changes to the working tree, and before running
 the commit command, you must use the `add` command to add any new or
 modified files to the index.
 
@@ -61,6 +61,9 @@ OPTIONS
 	the working tree.  Note that older versions of Git used
 	to ignore removed files; use `--no-all` option if you want
 	to add modified or new files but ignore removed	ones.
++
+For more details about the <pathspec> syntax, see the 'pathspec' entry
+in linkgit:gitglossary[7].
 
 -n::
 --dry-run::
@@ -93,7 +96,8 @@ This effectively runs `add --interactive`, but bypasses the
 initial command menu and directly jumps to the `patch` subcommand.
 See ``Interactive mode'' for details.
 
--e, \--edit::
+-e::
+--edit::
 	Open the diff vs. the index in an editor and let the user
 	edit it.  After the editor was closed, adjust the hunk headers
 	and apply the patch to the index.
@@ -164,16 +168,35 @@ for "git add --no-all <pathspec>...", i.e. ignored removed files.
 	be ignored, no matter if they are already present in the work
 	tree or not.
 
+--no-warn-embedded-repo::
+	By default, `git add` will warn when adding an embedded
+	repository to the index without using `git submodule add` to
+	create an entry in `.gitmodules`. This option will suppress the
+	warning (e.g., if you are manually performing operations on
+	submodules).
+
+--renormalize::
+	Apply the "clean" process freshly to all tracked files to
+	forcibly add them again to the index.  This is useful after
+	changing `core.autocrlf` configuration or the `text` attribute
+	in order to correct files added with wrong CRLF/LF line endings.
+	This option implies `-u`.
+
+--chmod=(+|-)x::
+	Override the executable bit of the added files.  The executable
+	bit is only changed in the index, the files on disk are left
+	unchanged.
+
 \--::
 	This option can be used to separate command-line options from
 	the list of files, (useful when filenames might be mistaken
 	for command-line options).
 
 
-Configuration
+CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 
-The optional configuration variable `core.excludesfile` indicates a path to a
+The optional configuration variable `core.excludesFile` indicates a path to a
 file containing patterns of file names to exclude from git-add, similar to
 $GIT_DIR/info/exclude.  Patterns in the exclude file are used in addition to
 those in info/exclude.  See linkgit:gitignore[5].
@@ -203,7 +226,7 @@ Because this example lets the shell expand the asterisk (i.e. you are
 listing the files explicitly), it does not consider
 `subdir/git-foo.sh`.
 
-Interactive mode
+INTERACTIVE MODE
 ----------------
 When the command enters the interactive mode, it shows the
 output of the 'status' subcommand, and then goes into its
@@ -317,7 +340,7 @@ After deciding the fate for all hunks, if there is any hunk
 that was chosen, the index is updated with the selected hunks.
 +
 You can omit having to type return here, by setting the configuration
-variable `interactive.singlekey` to `true`.
+variable `interactive.singleKey` to `true`.
 
 diff::
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-am.txt b/Documentation/git-am.txt
index 0d8ba48f79..6f6c34b0f4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-am.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-am.txt
@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git am' [--signoff] [--keep] [--[no-]keep-cr] [--[no-]utf8]
-	 [--3way] [--interactive] [--committer-date-is-author-date]
+	 [--[no-]3way] [--interactive] [--committer-date-is-author-date]
 	 [--ignore-date] [--ignore-space-change | --ignore-whitespace]
 	 [--whitespace=<option>] [-C<n>] [-p<n>] [--directory=<dir>]
 	 [--exclude=<path>] [--include=<path>] [--reject] [-q | --quiet]
 	 [--[no-]scissors] [-S[<keyid>]] [--patch-format=<format>]
 	 [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]
-'git am' (--continue | --skip | --abort)
+'git am' (--continue | --skip | --abort | --quit | --show-current-patch)
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ OPTIONS
 --signoff::
 	Add a `Signed-off-by:` line to the commit message, using
 	the committer identity of yourself.
+	See the signoff option in linkgit:git-commit[1] for more information.
 
 -k::
 --keep::
@@ -90,10 +91,13 @@ default.   You can use `--no-utf8` to override this.
 
 -3::
 --3way::
+--no-3way::
 	When the patch does not apply cleanly, fall back on
 	3-way merge if the patch records the identity of blobs
 	it is supposed to apply to and we have those blobs
-	available locally.
+	available locally. `--no-3way` can be used to override
+	am.threeWay configuration variable. For more information,
+	see am.threeWay in linkgit:git-config[1].
 
 --ignore-space-change::
 --ignore-whitespace::
@@ -112,7 +116,8 @@ default.   You can use `--no-utf8` to override this.
 	By default the command will try to detect the patch format
 	automatically. This option allows the user to bypass the automatic
 	detection and specify the patch format that the patch(es) should be
-	interpreted as. Valid formats are mbox, stgit, stgit-series and hg.
+	interpreted as. Valid formats are mbox, mboxrd,
+	stgit, stgit-series and hg.
 
 -i::
 --interactive::
@@ -138,7 +143,9 @@ default.   You can use `--no-utf8` to override this.
 
 -S[<keyid>]::
 --gpg-sign[=<keyid>]::
-	GPG-sign commits.
+	GPG-sign commits. The `keyid` argument is optional and
+	defaults to the committer identity; if specified, it must be
+	stuck to the option without a space.
 
 --continue::
 -r::
@@ -160,6 +167,14 @@ default.   You can use `--no-utf8` to override this.
 --abort::
 	Restore the original branch and abort the patching operation.
 
+--quit::
+	Abort the patching operation but keep HEAD and the index
+	untouched.
+
+--show-current-patch::
+	Show the patch being applied when "git am" is stopped because
+	of conflicts.
+
 DISCUSSION
 ----------
 
@@ -192,12 +207,12 @@ When initially invoking `git am`, you give it the names of the mailboxes
 to process.  Upon seeing the first patch that does not apply, it
 aborts in the middle.  You can recover from this in one of two ways:
 
-. skip the current patch by re-running the command with the '--skip'
+. skip the current patch by re-running the command with the `--skip`
   option.
 
 . hand resolve the conflict in the working directory, and update
   the index file to bring it into a state that the patch should
-  have produced.  Then run the command with the '--continue' option.
+  have produced.  Then run the command with the `--continue` option.
 
 The command refuses to process new mailboxes until the current
 operation is finished, so if you decide to start over from scratch,
diff --git a/Documentation/git-annotate.txt b/Documentation/git-annotate.txt
index 05fd482b74..e44a831339 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-annotate.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-annotate.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-annotate - Annotate file lines with commit information
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git annotate' [options] file [revision]
+'git annotate' [<options>] <file> [<revision>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-apply.txt b/Documentation/git-apply.txt
index 9489664cfa..b9aa39000f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-apply.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-apply.txt
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ git-apply - Apply a patch to files and/or to the index
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git apply' [--stat] [--numstat] [--summary] [--check] [--index] [--3way]
+'git apply' [--stat] [--numstat] [--summary] [--check] [--index | --intent-to-add] [--3way]
 	  [--apply] [--no-add] [--build-fake-ancestor=<file>] [-R | --reverse]
 	  [--allow-binary-replacement | --binary] [--reject] [-z]
 	  [-p<n>] [-C<n>] [--inaccurate-eof] [--recount] [--cached]
-	  [--ignore-space-change | --ignore-whitespace ]
+	  [--ignore-space-change | --ignore-whitespace]
 	  [--whitespace=(nowarn|warn|fix|error|error-all)]
 	  [--exclude=<path>] [--include=<path>] [--directory=<root>]
 	  [--verbose] [--unsafe-paths] [<patch>...]
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Reads the supplied diff output (i.e. "a patch") and applies it to files.
+When running from a subdirectory in a repository, patched paths
+outside the directory are ignored.
 With the `--index` option the patch is also applied to the index, and
 with the `--cached` option the patch is only applied to the index.
 Without these options, the command applies the patch only to files,
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	disables it is in effect), make sure the patch is
 	applicable to what the current index file records.  If
 	the file to be patched in the working tree is not
-	up-to-date, it is flagged as an error.  This flag also
+	up to date, it is flagged as an error.  This flag also
 	causes the index file to be updated.
 
 --cached::
@@ -72,6 +74,14 @@ OPTIONS
 	cached data, apply the patch, and store the result in the index
 	without using the working tree. This implies `--index`.
 
+--intent-to-add::
+	When applying the patch only to the working tree, mark new
+	files to be added to the index later (see `--intent-to-add`
+	option in linkgit:git-add[1]). This option is ignored unless
+	running in a Git repository and `--index` is not specified.
+	Note that `--index` could be implied by other options such
+	as `--cached` or `--3way`.
+
 -3::
 --3way::
 	When the patch does not apply cleanly, fall back on 3-way merge if
@@ -106,14 +116,15 @@ the information is read from the current index instead.
 	When `--numstat` has been given, do not munge pathnames,
 	but use a NUL-terminated machine-readable format.
 +
-Without this option, each pathname output will have TAB, LF, double quotes,
-and backslash characters replaced with `\t`, `\n`, `\"`, and `\\`,
-respectively, and the pathname will be enclosed in double quotes if
-any of those replacements occurred.
+Without this option, pathnames with "unusual" characters are quoted as
+explained for the configuration variable `core.quotePath` (see
+linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 -p<n>::
-	Remove <n> leading slashes from traditional diff paths. The
-	default is 1.
+	Remove <n> leading path components (separated by slashes) from
+	traditional diff paths. E.g., with `-p2`, a patch against
+	`a/dir/file` will be applied directly to `file`. The default is
+	1.
 
 -C<n>::
 	Ensure at least <n> lines of surrounding context match before
@@ -239,10 +250,10 @@ When `git apply` is used as a "better GNU patch", the user can pass
 the `--unsafe-paths` option to override this safety check.  This option
 has no effect when `--index` or `--cached` is in use.
 
-Configuration
+CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 
-apply.ignorewhitespace::
+apply.ignoreWhitespace::
 	Set to 'change' if you want changes in whitespace to be ignored by default.
 	Set to one of: no, none, never, false if you want changes in
 	whitespace to be significant.
@@ -250,7 +261,7 @@ apply.whitespace::
 	When no `--whitespace` flag is given from the command
 	line, this configuration item is used as the default.
 
-Submodules
+SUBMODULES
 ----------
 If the patch contains any changes to submodules then 'git apply'
 treats these changes as follows.
@@ -258,7 +269,7 @@ treats these changes as follows.
 If `--index` is specified (explicitly or implicitly), then the submodule
 commits must match the index exactly for the patch to apply.  If any
 of the submodules are checked-out, then these check-outs are completely
-ignored, i.e., they are not required to be up-to-date or clean and they
+ignored, i.e., they are not required to be up to date or clean and they
 are not updated.
 
 If `--index` is not specified, then the submodule commits in the patch
diff --git a/Documentation/git-archimport.txt b/Documentation/git-archimport.txt
index 163b9f6f41..ea70653369 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-archimport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-archimport.txt
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	pruned.
 
 -a::
-	Attempt to auto-register archives at http://mirrors.sourcecontrol.net
+	Attempt to auto-register archives at `http://mirrors.sourcecontrol.net`
 	This is particularly useful with the -D option.
 
 -t <tmpdir>::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt b/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt
index 0f0c6ff082..0f9ef2f25e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ skip" to do the same thing. (In fact the special exit code 125 makes
 
 Or if you want more control, you can inspect the current state using
 for example "git bisect visualize". It will launch gitk (or "git log"
-if the DISPLAY environment variable is not set) to help you find a
+if the `DISPLAY` environment variable is not set) to help you find a
 better bisection point.
 
 Either way, if you have a string of untestable commits, it might
@@ -1103,7 +1103,7 @@ _____________
 Combining test suites, git bisect and other systems together
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-We have seen that test suites an git bisect are very powerful when
+We have seen that test suites and git bisect are very powerful when
 used together. It can be even more powerful if you can combine them
 with other systems.
 
@@ -1321,7 +1321,7 @@ So git bisect is unconditional goodness - and feel free to quote that
 _____________
 
 Acknowledgments
-----------------
+---------------
 
 Many thanks to Junio Hamano for his help in reviewing this paper, for
 reviewing the patches I sent to the Git mailing list, for discussing
@@ -1347,12 +1347,12 @@ author to given a talk and for publishing this paper.
 References
 ----------
 
-- [[[1]]] http://www.nist.gov/public_affairs/releases/n02-10.htm['Software Errors Cost U.S. Economy $59.5 Billion Annually'. Nist News Release.]
-- [[[2]]] http://java.sun.com/docs/codeconv/html/CodeConventions.doc.html#16712['Code Conventions for the Java Programming Language'. Sun Microsystems.]
-- [[[3]]] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_maintenance['Software maintenance'. Wikipedia.]
-- [[[4]]] http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/45195/[Junio C Hamano. 'Automated bisect success story'. Gmane.]
-- [[[5]]] http://lwn.net/Articles/317154/[Christian Couder. 'Fully automated bisecting with "git bisect run"'. LWN.net.]
-- [[[6]]] http://lwn.net/Articles/277872/[Jonathan Corbet. 'Bisection divides users and developers'. LWN.net.]
-- [[[7]]] http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.scsi/36652/[Ingo Molnar. 'Re: BUG 2.6.23-rc3 can't see sd partitions on Alpha'. Gmane.]
-- [[[8]]] http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-bisect.html[Junio C Hamano and the git-list. 'git-bisect(1) Manual Page'. Linux Kernel Archives.]
-- [[[9]]] http://github.com/Ealdwulf/bbchop[Ealdwulf. 'bbchop'. GitHub.]
+- [[[1]]] https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/documents/director/planning/report02-3.pdf['The Economic Impacts of Inadequate Infratructure for Software Testing'.  Nist Planning Report 02-3], see Executive Summary and Chapter 8.
+- [[[2]]] http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/codeconvtoc-136057.html['Code Conventions for the Java Programming Language'. Sun Microsystems.]
+- [[[3]]] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_maintenance['Software maintenance'. Wikipedia.]
+- [[[4]]] https://public-inbox.org/git/7vps5xsbwp.fsf_-_@assigned-by-dhcp.cox.net/[Junio C Hamano. 'Automated bisect success story'.]
+- [[[5]]] https://lwn.net/Articles/317154/[Christian Couder. 'Fully automated bisecting with "git bisect run"'. LWN.net.]
+- [[[6]]] https://lwn.net/Articles/277872/[Jonathan Corbet. 'Bisection divides users and developers'. LWN.net.]
+- [[[7]]] http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=119702753411680&w=2[Ingo Molnar. 'Re: BUG 2.6.23-rc3 can't see sd partitions on Alpha'. Linux-kernel mailing list.]
+- [[[8]]] https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-bisect.html[Junio C Hamano and the git-list. 'git-bisect(1) Manual Page'. Linux Kernel Archives.]
+- [[[9]]] https://github.com/Ealdwulf/bbchop[Ealdwulf. 'bbchop'. GitHub.]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
index 4cb52a7302..4b45d837a7 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-bisect(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-bisect - Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug
+git-bisect - Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
@@ -16,74 +16,89 @@ DESCRIPTION
 The command takes various subcommands, and different options depending
 on the subcommand:
 
- git bisect help
- git bisect start [--no-checkout] [<bad> [<good>...]] [--] [<paths>...]
- git bisect bad [<rev>]
- git bisect good [<rev>...]
+ git bisect start [--term-{old,good}=<term> --term-{new,bad}=<term>]
+		  [--no-checkout] [<bad> [<good>...]] [--] [<paths>...]
+ git bisect (bad|new|<term-new>) [<rev>]
+ git bisect (good|old|<term-old>) [<rev>...]
+ git bisect terms [--term-good | --term-bad]
  git bisect skip [(<rev>|<range>)...]
  git bisect reset [<commit>]
- git bisect visualize
+ git bisect (visualize|view)
  git bisect replay <logfile>
  git bisect log
  git bisect run <cmd>...
+ git bisect help
 
-This command uses 'git rev-list --bisect' to help drive the
-binary search process to find which change introduced a bug, given an
-old "good" commit object name and a later "bad" commit object name.
-
-Getting help
-~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-Use "git bisect" to get a short usage description, and "git bisect
-help" or "git bisect -h" to get a long usage description.
+This command uses a binary search algorithm to find which commit in
+your project's history introduced a bug. You use it by first telling
+it a "bad" commit that is known to contain the bug, and a "good"
+commit that is known to be before the bug was introduced. Then `git
+bisect` picks a commit between those two endpoints and asks you
+whether the selected commit is "good" or "bad". It continues narrowing
+down the range until it finds the exact commit that introduced the
+change.
+
+In fact, `git bisect` can be used to find the commit that changed
+*any* property of your project; e.g., the commit that fixed a bug, or
+the commit that caused a benchmark's performance to improve. To
+support this more general usage, the terms "old" and "new" can be used
+in place of "good" and "bad", or you can choose your own terms. See
+section "Alternate terms" below for more information.
 
 Basic bisect commands: start, bad, good
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-Using the Linux kernel tree as an example, basic use of the bisect
-command is as follows:
+As an example, suppose you are trying to find the commit that broke a
+feature that was known to work in version `v2.6.13-rc2` of your
+project. You start a bisect session as follows:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git bisect start
 $ git bisect bad                 # Current version is bad
-$ git bisect good v2.6.13-rc2    # v2.6.13-rc2 was the last version
-                                 # tested that was good
+$ git bisect good v2.6.13-rc2    # v2.6.13-rc2 is known to be good
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Once you have specified at least one bad and one good commit, `git
+bisect` selects a commit in the middle of that range of history,
+checks it out, and outputs something similar to the following:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+Bisecting: 675 revisions left to test after this (roughly 10 steps)
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-When you have specified at least one bad and one good version, the
-command bisects the revision tree and outputs something similar to
-the following:
+You should now compile the checked-out version and test it. If that
+version works correctly, type
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-Bisecting: 675 revisions left to test after this
+$ git bisect good
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-The state in the middle of the set of revisions is then checked out.
-You would now compile that kernel and boot it. If the booted kernel
-works correctly, you would then issue the following command:
+If that version is broken, type
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git bisect good			# this one is good
+$ git bisect bad
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-The output of this command would be something similar to the following:
+Then `git bisect` will respond with something like
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this
+Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this (roughly 9 steps)
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-You keep repeating this process, compiling the tree, testing it, and
-depending on whether it is good or bad issuing the command "git bisect good"
-or "git bisect bad" to ask for the next bisection.
+Keep repeating the process: compile the tree, test it, and depending
+on whether it is good or bad run `git bisect good` or `git bisect bad`
+to ask for the next commit that needs testing.
+
+Eventually there will be no more revisions left to inspect, and the
+command will print out a description of the first bad commit. The
+reference `refs/bisect/bad` will be left pointing at that commit.
 
-Eventually there will be no more revisions left to bisect, and you
-will have been left with the first bad kernel revision in "refs/bisect/bad".
 
 Bisect reset
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 After a bisect session, to clean up the bisection state and return to
-the original HEAD (i.e., to quit bisecting), issue the following command:
+the original HEAD, issue the following command:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git bisect reset
@@ -100,28 +115,101 @@ instead:
 $ git bisect reset <commit>
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-For example, `git bisect reset HEAD` will leave you on the current
-bisection commit and avoid switching commits at all, while `git bisect
-reset bisect/bad` will check out the first bad revision.
+For example, `git bisect reset bisect/bad` will check out the first
+bad revision, while `git bisect reset HEAD` will leave you on the
+current bisection commit and avoid switching commits at all.
+
+
+Alternate terms
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Sometimes you are not looking for the commit that introduced a
+breakage, but rather for a commit that caused a change between some
+other "old" state and "new" state. For example, you might be looking
+for the commit that introduced a particular fix. Or you might be
+looking for the first commit in which the source-code filenames were
+finally all converted to your company's naming standard. Or whatever.
+
+In such cases it can be very confusing to use the terms "good" and
+"bad" to refer to "the state before the change" and "the state after
+the change". So instead, you can use the terms "old" and "new",
+respectively, in place of "good" and "bad". (But note that you cannot
+mix "good" and "bad" with "old" and "new" in a single session.)
+
+In this more general usage, you provide `git bisect` with a "new"
+commit that has some property and an "old" commit that doesn't have that
+property. Each time `git bisect` checks out a commit, you test if that
+commit has the property. If it does, mark the commit as "new";
+otherwise, mark it as "old". When the bisection is done, `git bisect`
+will report which commit introduced the property.
+
+To use "old" and "new" instead of "good" and bad, you must run `git
+bisect start` without commits as argument and then run the following
+commands to add the commits:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+git bisect old [<rev>]
+------------------------------------------------
+
+to indicate that a commit was before the sought change, or
+
+------------------------------------------------
+git bisect new [<rev>...]
+------------------------------------------------
+
+to indicate that it was after.
+
+To get a reminder of the currently used terms, use
+
+------------------------------------------------
+git bisect terms
+------------------------------------------------
+
+You can get just the old (respectively new) term with `git bisect terms
+--term-old` or `git bisect terms --term-good`.
+
+If you would like to use your own terms instead of "bad"/"good" or
+"new"/"old", you can choose any names you like (except existing bisect
+subcommands like `reset`, `start`, ...) by starting the
+bisection using
+
+------------------------------------------------
+git bisect start --term-old <term-old> --term-new <term-new>
+------------------------------------------------
+
+For example, if you are looking for a commit that introduced a
+performance regression, you might use
+
+------------------------------------------------
+git bisect start --term-old fast --term-new slow
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Or if you are looking for the commit that fixed a bug, you might use
+
+------------------------------------------------
+git bisect start --term-new fixed --term-old broken
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Then, use `git bisect <term-old>` and `git bisect <term-new>` instead
+of `git bisect good` and `git bisect bad` to mark commits.
 
-Bisect visualize
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Bisect visualize/view
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 To see the currently remaining suspects in 'gitk', issue the following
-command during the bisection process:
+command during the bisection process (the subcommand `view` can be used
+as an alternative to `visualize`):
 
 ------------
 $ git bisect visualize
 ------------
 
-`view` may also be used as a synonym for `visualize`.
-
-If the 'DISPLAY' environment variable is not set, 'git log' is used
+If the `DISPLAY` environment variable is not set, 'git log' is used
 instead.  You can also give command-line options such as `-p` and
 `--stat`.
 
 ------------
-$ git bisect view --stat
+$ git bisect visualize --stat
 ------------
 
 Bisect log and bisect replay
@@ -147,17 +235,17 @@ $ git bisect replay that-file
 Avoiding testing a commit
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-If, in the middle of a bisect session, you know that the next suggested
-revision is not a good one to test (e.g. the change the commit
-introduces is known not to work in your environment and you know it
-does not have anything to do with the bug you are chasing), you may
-want to find a nearby commit and try that instead.
+If, in the middle of a bisect session, you know that the suggested
+revision is not a good one to test (e.g. it fails to build and you
+know that the failure does not have anything to do with the bug you
+are chasing), you can manually select a nearby commit and test that
+one instead.
 
 For example:
 
 ------------
 $ git bisect good/bad			# previous round was good or bad.
-Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this
+Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this (roughly 9 steps)
 $ git bisect visualize			# oops, that is uninteresting.
 $ git reset --hard HEAD~3		# try 3 revisions before what
 					# was suggested
@@ -167,20 +255,21 @@ Then compile and test the chosen revision, and afterwards mark
 the revision as good or bad in the usual manner.
 
 Bisect skip
-~~~~~~~~~~~~
+~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-Instead of choosing by yourself a nearby commit, you can ask Git
-to do it for you by issuing the command:
+Instead of choosing a nearby commit by yourself, you can ask Git to do
+it for you by issuing the command:
 
 ------------
 $ git bisect skip                 # Current version cannot be tested
 ------------
 
-But Git may eventually be unable to tell the first bad commit among
-a bad commit and one or more skipped commits.
+However, if you skip a commit adjacent to the one you are looking for,
+Git will be unable to tell exactly which of those commits was the
+first bad one.
 
-You can even skip a range of commits, instead of just one commit,
-using the "'<commit1>'..'<commit2>'" notation. For example:
+You can also skip a range of commits, instead of just one commit,
+using range notation. For example:
 
 ------------
 $ git bisect skip v2.5..v2.6
@@ -196,8 +285,8 @@ would issue the command:
 $ git bisect skip v2.5 v2.5..v2.6
 ------------
 
-This tells the bisect process that the commits between `v2.5` included
-and `v2.6` included should be skipped.
+This tells the bisect process that the commits between `v2.5` and
+`v2.6` (inclusive) should be skipped.
 
 
 Cutting down bisection by giving more parameters to bisect start
@@ -231,23 +320,23 @@ or bad, you can bisect by issuing the command:
 $ git bisect run my_script arguments
 ------------
 
-Note that the script (`my_script` in the above example) should
-exit with code 0 if the current source code is good, and exit with a
-code between 1 and 127 (inclusive), except 125, if the current
-source code is bad.
+Note that the script (`my_script` in the above example) should exit
+with code 0 if the current source code is good/old, and exit with a
+code between 1 and 127 (inclusive), except 125, if the current source
+code is bad/new.
 
 Any other exit code will abort the bisect process. It should be noted
-that a program that terminates via "exit(-1)" leaves $? = 255, (see the
-exit(3) manual page), as the value is chopped with "& 0377".
+that a program that terminates via `exit(-1)` leaves $? = 255, (see the
+exit(3) manual page), as the value is chopped with `& 0377`.
 
 The special exit code 125 should be used when the current source code
 cannot be tested. If the script exits with this code, the current
 revision will be skipped (see `git bisect skip` above). 125 was chosen
 as the highest sensible value to use for this purpose, because 126 and 127
 are used by POSIX shells to signal specific error status (127 is for
-command not found, 126 is for command found but not executable---these
+command not found, 126 is for command found but not executable--these
 details do not matter, as they are normal errors in the script, as far as
-"bisect run" is concerned).
+`bisect run` is concerned).
 
 You may often find that during a bisect session you want to have
 temporary modifications (e.g. s/#define DEBUG 0/#define DEBUG 1/ in a
@@ -260,7 +349,7 @@ next revision to test, the script can apply the patch
 before compiling, run the real test, and afterwards decide if the
 revision (possibly with the needed patch) passed the test and then
 rewind the tree to the pristine state.  Finally the script should exit
-with the status of the real test to let the "git bisect run" command loop
+with the status of the real test to let the `git bisect run` command loop
 determine the eventual outcome of the bisect session.
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -268,7 +357,7 @@ OPTIONS
 --no-checkout::
 +
 Do not checkout the new working tree at each iteration of the bisection
-process. Instead just update a special reference named 'BISECT_HEAD' to make
+process. Instead just update a special reference named `BISECT_HEAD` to make
 it point to the commit that should be tested.
 +
 This option may be useful when the test you would perform in each step
@@ -307,12 +396,12 @@ $ git bisect run ~/test.sh
 $ git bisect reset                   # quit the bisect session
 ------------
 +
-Here we use a "test.sh" custom script. In this script, if "make"
+Here we use a `test.sh` custom script. In this script, if `make`
 fails, we skip the current commit.
-"check_test_case.sh" should "exit 0" if the test case passes,
-and "exit 1" otherwise.
+`check_test_case.sh` should `exit 0` if the test case passes,
+and `exit 1` otherwise.
 +
-It is safer if both "test.sh" and "check_test_case.sh" are
+It is safer if both `test.sh` and `check_test_case.sh` are
 outside the repository to prevent interactions between the bisect,
 make and test processes and the scripts.
 
@@ -379,6 +468,26 @@ In this case, when 'git bisect run' finishes, bisect/bad will refer to a commit
 has at least one parent whose reachable graph is fully traversable in the sense
 required by 'git pack objects'.
 
+* Look for a fix instead of a regression in the code
++
+------------
+$ git bisect start
+$ git bisect new HEAD    # current commit is marked as new
+$ git bisect old HEAD~10 # the tenth commit from now is marked as old
+------------
++
+or:
+------------
+$ git bisect start --term-old broken --term-new fixed
+$ git bisect fixed
+$ git bisect broken HEAD~10
+------------
+
+Getting help
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Use `git bisect` to get a short usage description, and `git bisect
+help` or `git bisect -h` to get a long usage description.
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-blame.txt b/Documentation/git-blame.txt
index 9f23a861ce..16323eb80e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-blame.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-blame.txt
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 [verse]
 'git blame' [-c] [-b] [-l] [--root] [-t] [-f] [-n] [-s] [-e] [-p] [-w] [--incremental]
 	    [-L <range>] [-S <revs-file>] [-M] [-C] [-C] [-C] [--since=<date>]
-	    [--abbrev=<n>] [<rev> | --contents <file> | --reverse <rev>] [--] <file>
+	    [--progress] [--abbrev=<n>] [<rev> | --contents <file> | --reverse <rev>..<rev>]
+	    [--] <file>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -76,6 +77,8 @@ include::blame-options.txt[]
 -e::
 --show-email::
 	Show the author email instead of author name (Default: off).
+	This can also be controlled via the `blame.showEmail` config
+	option.
 
 -w::
 	Ignore whitespace when comparing the parent's version and
diff --git a/Documentation/git-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
index 311b33674e..9767b2b483 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
@@ -10,12 +10,15 @@ SYNOPSIS
 [verse]
 'git branch' [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [-r | -a]
 	[--list] [-v [--abbrev=<length> | --no-abbrev]]
-	[--column[=<options>] | --no-column]
-	[(--merged | --no-merged | --contains) [<commit>]] [<pattern>...]
-'git branch' [--set-upstream | --track | --no-track] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]
+	[--column[=<options>] | --no-column] [--sort=<key>]
+	[(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]
+	[--contains [<commit]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]
+	[--points-at <object>] [--format=<format>] [<pattern>...]
+'git branch' [--track | --no-track] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]
 'git branch' (--set-upstream-to=<upstream> | -u <upstream>) [<branchname>]
 'git branch' --unset-upstream [<branchname>]
 'git branch' (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>
+'git branch' (-c | -C) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>
 'git branch' (-d | -D) [-r] <branchname>...
 'git branch' --edit-description [<branchname>]
 
@@ -34,14 +37,15 @@ as branch creation.
 
 With `--contains`, shows only the branches that contain the named commit
 (in other words, the branches whose tip commits are descendants of the
-named commit).  With `--merged`, only branches merged into the named
-commit (i.e. the branches whose tip commits are reachable from the named
-commit) will be listed.  With `--no-merged` only branches not merged into
-the named commit will be listed.  If the <commit> argument is missing it
-defaults to 'HEAD' (i.e. the tip of the current branch).
+named commit), `--no-contains` inverts it. With `--merged`, only branches
+merged into the named commit (i.e. the branches whose tip commits are
+reachable from the named commit) will be listed.  With `--no-merged` only
+branches not merged into the named commit will be listed.  If the <commit>
+argument is missing it defaults to `HEAD` (i.e. the tip of the current
+branch).
 
 The command's second form creates a new branch head named <branchname>
-which points to the current 'HEAD', or <start-point> if given.
+which points to the current `HEAD`, or <start-point> if given.
 
 Note that this will create the new branch, but it will not switch the
 working tree to it; use "git checkout <newbranch>" to switch to the
@@ -51,7 +55,7 @@ When a local branch is started off a remote-tracking branch, Git sets up the
 branch (specifically the `branch.<name>.remote` and `branch.<name>.merge`
 configuration entries) so that 'git pull' will appropriately merge from
 the remote-tracking branch. This behavior may be changed via the global
-`branch.autosetupmerge` configuration flag. That setting can be
+`branch.autoSetupMerge` configuration flag. That setting can be
 overridden by using the `--track` and `--no-track` options, and
 changed later using `git branch --set-upstream-to`.
 
@@ -61,6 +65,10 @@ If <oldbranch> had a corresponding reflog, it is renamed to match
 renaming. If <newbranch> exists, -M must be used to force the rename
 to happen.
 
+The `-c` and `-C` options have the exact same semantics as `-m` and
+`-M`, except instead of the branch being renamed it along with its
+config and reflog will be copied to a new name.
+
 With a `-d` or `-D` option, `<branchname>` will be deleted.  You may
 specify more than one branch for deletion.  If the branch currently
 has a reflog then the reflog will also be deleted.
@@ -78,30 +86,45 @@ OPTIONS
 --delete::
 	Delete a branch. The branch must be fully merged in its
 	upstream branch, or in `HEAD` if no upstream was set with
-	`--track` or `--set-upstream`.
+	`--track` or `--set-upstream-to`.
 
 -D::
-	Delete a branch irrespective of its merged status.
+	Shortcut for `--delete --force`.
 
--l::
 --create-reflog::
 	Create the branch's reflog.  This activates recording of
 	all changes made to the branch ref, enabling use of date
 	based sha1 expressions such as "<branchname>@\{yesterday}".
 	Note that in non-bare repositories, reflogs are usually
-	enabled by default by the `core.logallrefupdates` config option.
+	enabled by default by the `core.logAllRefUpdates` config option.
+	The negated form `--no-create-reflog` only overrides an earlier
+	`--create-reflog`, but currently does not negate the setting of
+	`core.logAllRefUpdates`.
++
+The `-l` option is a deprecated synonym for `--create-reflog`.
 
 -f::
 --force::
-	Reset <branchname> to <startpoint> if <branchname> exists
-	already. Without `-f` 'git branch' refuses to change an existing branch.
+	Reset <branchname> to <startpoint>, even if <branchname> exists
+	already. Without `-f`, 'git branch' refuses to change an existing branch.
+	In combination with `-d` (or `--delete`), allow deleting the
+	branch irrespective of its merged status. In combination with
+	`-m` (or `--move`), allow renaming the branch even if the new
+	branch name already exists, the same applies for `-c` (or `--copy`).
 
 -m::
 --move::
 	Move/rename a branch and the corresponding reflog.
 
 -M::
-	Move/rename a branch even if the new branch name already exists.
+	Shortcut for `--move --force`.
+
+-c::
+--copy::
+	Copy a branch and the corresponding reflog.
+
+-C::
+	Shortcut for `--copy --force`.
 
 --color[=<when>]::
 	Color branches to highlight current, local, and
@@ -113,6 +136,10 @@ OPTIONS
 	default to color output.
 	Same as `--color=never`.
 
+-i::
+--ignore-case::
+	Sorting and filtering branches are case insensitive.
+
 --column[=<options>]::
 --no-column::
 	Display branch listing in columns. See configuration variable
@@ -130,8 +157,13 @@ This option is only applicable in non-verbose mode.
 	List both remote-tracking branches and local branches.
 
 --list::
-	Activate the list mode. `git branch <pattern>` would try to create a branch,
-	use `git branch --list <pattern>` to list matching branches.
+	List branches.  With optional `<pattern>...`, e.g. `git
+	branch --list 'maint-*'`, list only the branches that match
+	the pattern(s).
++
+This should not be confused with `git branch -l <branchname>`,
+which creates a branch named `<branchname>` with a reflog.
+See `--create-reflog` above for details.
 
 -v::
 -vv::
@@ -166,20 +198,18 @@ This option is only applicable in non-verbose mode.
 	upstream when the new branch is checked out.
 +
 This behavior is the default when the start point is a remote-tracking branch.
-Set the branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable to `false` if you
-want `git checkout` and `git branch` to always behave as if '--no-track'
+Set the branch.autoSetupMerge configuration variable to `false` if you
+want `git checkout` and `git branch` to always behave as if `--no-track`
 were given. Set it to `always` if you want this behavior when the
 start-point is either a local or remote-tracking branch.
 
 --no-track::
 	Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the
-	branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable is true.
+	branch.autoSetupMerge configuration variable is true.
 
 --set-upstream::
-	If specified branch does not exist yet or if `--force` has been
-	given, acts exactly like `--track`. Otherwise sets up configuration
-	like `--track` would when creating the branch, except that where
-	branch points to is not changed.
+	As this option had confusing syntax, it is no longer supported.
+	Please use `--track` or `--set-upstream-to` instead.
 
 -u <upstream>::
 --set-upstream-to=<upstream>::
@@ -193,19 +223,27 @@ start-point is either a local or remote-tracking branch.
 
 --edit-description::
 	Open an editor and edit the text to explain what the branch is
-	for, to be used by various other commands (e.g. `request-pull`).
+	for, to be used by various other commands (e.g. `format-patch`,
+	`request-pull`, and `merge` (if enabled)). Multi-line explanations
+	may be used.
 
 --contains [<commit>]::
 	Only list branches which contain the specified commit (HEAD
 	if not specified). Implies `--list`.
 
+--no-contains [<commit>]::
+	Only list branches which don't contain the specified commit
+	(HEAD if not specified). Implies `--list`.
+
 --merged [<commit>]::
 	Only list branches whose tips are reachable from the
-	specified commit (HEAD if not specified). Implies `--list`.
+	specified commit (HEAD if not specified). Implies `--list`,
+	incompatible with `--no-merged`.
 
 --no-merged [<commit>]::
 	Only list branches whose tips are not reachable from the
-	specified commit (HEAD if not specified). Implies `--list`.
+	specified commit (HEAD if not specified). Implies `--list`,
+	incompatible with `--merged`.
 
 <branchname>::
 	The name of the branch to create or delete.
@@ -225,8 +263,33 @@ start-point is either a local or remote-tracking branch.
 	The new name for an existing branch. The same restrictions as for
 	<branchname> apply.
 
-
-Examples
+--sort=<key>::
+	Sort based on the key given. Prefix `-` to sort in descending
+	order of the value. You may use the --sort=<key> option
+	multiple times, in which case the last key becomes the primary
+	key. The keys supported are the same as those in `git
+	for-each-ref`. Sort order defaults to the value configured for the
+	`branch.sort` variable if exists, or to sorting based on the
+	full refname (including `refs/...` prefix). This lists
+	detached HEAD (if present) first, then local branches and
+	finally remote-tracking branches. See linkgit:git-config[1].
+
+
+--points-at <object>::
+	Only list branches of the given object.
+
+--format <format>::
+	A string that interpolates `%(fieldname)` from a branch ref being shown
+	and the object it points at.  The format is the same as
+	that of linkgit:git-for-each-ref[1].
+
+CONFIGURATION
+-------------
+`pager.branch` is only respected when listing branches, i.e., when
+`--list` is used or implied. The default is to use a pager.
+See linkgit:git-config[1].
+
+EXAMPLES
 --------
 
 Start development from a known tag::
@@ -257,20 +320,23 @@ See linkgit:git-fetch[1].
 is currently checked out) does not have all commits from the test branch.
 
 
-Notes
+NOTES
 -----
 
 If you are creating a branch that you want to checkout immediately, it is
 easier to use the git checkout command with its `-b` option to create
 a branch and check it out with a single command.
 
-The options `--contains`, `--merged` and `--no-merged` serve three related
-but different purposes:
+The options `--contains`, `--no-contains`, `--merged` and `--no-merged`
+serve four related but different purposes:
 
 - `--contains <commit>` is used to find all branches which will need
   special attention if <commit> were to be rebased or amended, since those
   branches contain the specified <commit>.
 
+- `--no-contains <commit>` is the inverse of that, i.e. branches that don't
+  contain the specified <commit>.
+
 - `--merged` is used to find all branches which can be safely deleted,
   since those branches are fully contained by HEAD.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
index 0417562eb7..7d6c9dcd17 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ DESCRIPTION
 Some workflows require that one or more branches of development on one
 machine be replicated on another machine, but the two machines cannot
 be directly connected, and therefore the interactive Git protocols (git,
-ssh, rsync, http) cannot be used.  This command provides support for
+ssh, http) cannot be used.  This command provides support for
 'git fetch' and 'git pull' to operate by packaging objects and references
 in an archive at the originating machine, then importing those into
 another repository using 'git fetch' and 'git pull'
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ It is okay to err on the side of caution, causing the bundle file
 to contain objects already in the destination, as these are ignored
 when unpacking at the destination.
 
-EXAMPLE
--------
+EXAMPLES
+--------
 
 Assume you want to transfer the history from a repository R1 on machine A
 to another repository R2 on machine B.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
index f6a16f4300..74013335a1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
@@ -9,18 +9,22 @@ git-cat-file - Provide content or type and size information for repository objec
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git cat-file' (-t | -s | -e | -p | <type> | --textconv ) <object>
-'git cat-file' (--batch | --batch-check) < <list-of-objects>
+'git cat-file' (-t [--allow-unknown-type]| -s [--allow-unknown-type]| -e | -p | <type> | --textconv | --filters ) [--path=<path>] <object>
+'git cat-file' (--batch | --batch-check) [ --textconv | --filters ] [--follow-symlinks]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 In its first form, the command provides the content or the type of an object in
-the repository. The type is required unless '-t' or '-p' is used to find the
-object type, or '-s' is used to find the object size, or '--textconv' is used
-(which implies type "blob").
+the repository. The type is required unless `-t` or `-p` is used to find the
+object type, or `-s` is used to find the object size, or `--textconv` or
+`--filters` is used (which imply type "blob").
 
 In the second form, a list of objects (separated by linefeeds) is provided on
-stdin, and the SHA-1, type, and size of each object is printed on stdout.
+stdin, and the SHA-1, type, and size of each object is printed on stdout. The
+output format can be overridden using the optional `<format>` argument. If
+either `--textconv` or `--filters` was specified, the input is expected to
+list the object names followed by the path name, separated by a single white
+space, so that the appropriate drivers can be determined.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -38,8 +42,9 @@ OPTIONS
 	<object>.
 
 -e::
-	Suppress all output; instead exit with zero status if <object>
-	exists and is a valid object.
+	Exit with zero status if <object> exists and is a valid
+	object. If <object> is of an invalid format exit with non-zero and
+	emits an error on stderr.
 
 -p::
 	Pretty-print the contents of <object> based on its type.
@@ -54,30 +59,129 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --textconv::
 	Show the content as transformed by a textconv filter. In this case,
-	<object> has be of the form <tree-ish>:<path>, or :<path> in order
-	to apply the filter to the content recorded in the index at <path>.
+	<object> has to be of the form <tree-ish>:<path>, or :<path> in
+	order to apply the filter to the content recorded in the index at
+	<path>.
+
+--filters::
+	Show the content as converted by the filters configured in
+	the current working tree for the given <path> (i.e. smudge filters,
+	end-of-line conversion, etc). In this case, <object> has to be of
+	the form <tree-ish>:<path>, or :<path>.
+
+--path=<path>::
+	For use with --textconv or --filters, to allow specifying an object
+	name and a path separately, e.g. when it is difficult to figure out
+	the revision from which the blob came.
 
 --batch::
 --batch=<format>::
 	Print object information and contents for each object provided
-	on stdin.  May not be combined with any other options or arguments.
-	See the section `BATCH OUTPUT` below for details.
+	on stdin.  May not be combined with any other options or arguments
+	except `--textconv` or `--filters`, in which case the input lines
+	also need to specify the path, separated by white space.  See the
+	section `BATCH OUTPUT` below for details.
 
 --batch-check::
 --batch-check=<format>::
 	Print object information for each object provided on stdin.  May
-	not be combined with any other options or arguments.  See the
+	not be combined with any other options or arguments except
+	`--textconv` or `--filters`, in which case the input lines also
+	need to specify the path, separated by white space.  See the
 	section `BATCH OUTPUT` below for details.
 
+--batch-all-objects::
+	Instead of reading a list of objects on stdin, perform the
+	requested batch operation on all objects in the repository and
+	any alternate object stores (not just reachable objects).
+	Requires `--batch` or `--batch-check` be specified. Note that
+	the objects are visited in order sorted by their hashes.
+
+--buffer::
+	Normally batch output is flushed after each object is output, so
+	that a process can interactively read and write from
+	`cat-file`. With this option, the output uses normal stdio
+	buffering; this is much more efficient when invoking
+	`--batch-check` on a large number of objects.
+
+--unordered::
+	When `--batch-all-objects` is in use, visit objects in an
+	order which may be more efficient for accessing the object
+	contents than hash order. The exact details of the order are
+	unspecified, but if you do not require a specific order, this
+	should generally result in faster output, especially with
+	`--batch`.  Note that `cat-file` will still show each object
+	only once, even if it is stored multiple times in the
+	repository.
+
+--allow-unknown-type::
+	Allow -s or -t to query broken/corrupt objects of unknown type.
+
+--follow-symlinks::
+	With --batch or --batch-check, follow symlinks inside the
+	repository when requesting objects with extended SHA-1
+	expressions of the form tree-ish:path-in-tree.  Instead of
+	providing output about the link itself, provide output about
+	the linked-to object.  If a symlink points outside the
+	tree-ish (e.g. a link to /foo or a root-level link to ../foo),
+	the portion of the link which is outside the tree will be
+	printed.
++
+This option does not (currently) work correctly when an object in the
+index is specified (e.g. `:link` instead of `HEAD:link`) rather than
+one in the tree.
++
+This option cannot (currently) be used unless `--batch` or
+`--batch-check` is used.
++
+For example, consider a git repository containing:
++
+--
+	f: a file containing "hello\n"
+	link: a symlink to f
+	dir/link: a symlink to ../f
+	plink: a symlink to ../f
+	alink: a symlink to /etc/passwd
+--
++
+For a regular file `f`, `echo HEAD:f | git cat-file --batch` would print
++
+--
+	ce013625030ba8dba906f756967f9e9ca394464a blob 6
+--
++
+And `echo HEAD:link | git cat-file --batch --follow-symlinks` would
+print the same thing, as would `HEAD:dir/link`, as they both point at
+`HEAD:f`.
++
+Without `--follow-symlinks`, these would print data about the symlink
+itself.  In the case of `HEAD:link`, you would see
++
+--
+	4d1ae35ba2c8ec712fa2a379db44ad639ca277bd blob 1
+--
++
+Both `plink` and `alink` point outside the tree, so they would
+respectively print:
++
+--
+	symlink 4
+	../f
+
+	symlink 11
+	/etc/passwd
+--
+
+
 OUTPUT
 ------
-If '-t' is specified, one of the <type>.
+If `-t` is specified, one of the <type>.
 
-If '-s' is specified, the size of the <object> in bytes.
+If `-s` is specified, the size of the <object> in bytes.
 
-If '-e' is specified, no output.
+If `-e` is specified, no output, unless the <object> is malformed.
 
-If '-p' is specified, the contents of <object> are pretty-printed.
+If `-p` is specified, the contents of <object> are pretty-printed.
 
 If <type> is specified, the raw (though uncompressed) contents of the <object>
 will be returned.
@@ -99,7 +203,7 @@ newline. The available atoms are:
 	The 40-hex object name of the object.
 
 `objecttype`::
-	The type of of the object (the same as `cat-file -t` reports).
+	The type of the object (the same as `cat-file -t` reports).
 
 `objectsize`::
 	The size, in bytes, of the object (the same as `cat-file -s`
@@ -148,6 +252,47 @@ the repository, then `cat-file` will ignore any custom format and print:
 <object> SP missing LF
 ------------
 
+If --follow-symlinks is used, and a symlink in the repository points
+outside the repository, then `cat-file` will ignore any custom format
+and print:
+
+------------
+symlink SP <size> LF
+<symlink> LF
+------------
+
+The symlink will either be absolute (beginning with a /), or relative
+to the tree root.  For instance, if dir/link points to ../../foo, then
+<symlink> will be ../foo.  <size> is the size of the symlink in bytes.
+
+If --follow-symlinks is used, the following error messages will be
+displayed:
+
+------------
+<object> SP missing LF
+------------
+is printed when the initial symlink requested does not exist.
+
+------------
+dangling SP <size> LF
+<object> LF
+------------
+is printed when the initial symlink exists, but something that
+it (transitive-of) points to does not.
+
+------------
+loop SP <size> LF
+<object> LF
+------------
+is printed for symlink loops (or any symlinks that
+require more than 40 link resolutions to resolve).
+
+------------
+notdir SP <size> LF
+<object> LF
+------------
+is printed when, during symlink resolution, a file is used as a
+directory name.
 
 CAVEATS
 -------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt b/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt
index 00e2aa2df2..3c0578217b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ git-check-attr - Display gitattributes information
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git check-attr' [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname...
-'git check-attr' --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>
+'git check-attr' [-a | --all | <attr>...] [--] <pathname>...
+'git check-attr' --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -28,7 +28,8 @@ OPTIONS
 	Consider `.gitattributes` in the index only, ignoring the working tree.
 
 --stdin::
-	Read file names from stdin instead of from the command-line.
+	Read pathnames from the standard input, one per line,
+	instead of from the command-line.
 
 -z::
 	The output format is modified to be machine-parseable.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt b/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt
index 788a011580..8b42cb3fb2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt
@@ -9,17 +9,16 @@ git-check-ignore - Debug gitignore / exclude files
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git check-ignore' [options] pathname...
-'git check-ignore' [options] --stdin < <list-of-paths>
+'git check-ignore' [<options>] <pathname>...
+'git check-ignore' [<options>] --stdin
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
 For each pathname given via the command-line or from a file via
-`--stdin`, show the pattern from .gitignore (or other input files to
-the exclude mechanism) that decides if the pathname is excluded or
-included.  Later patterns within a file take precedence over earlier
-ones.
+`--stdin`, check whether the file is excluded by .gitignore (or other
+input files to the exclude mechanism) and output the path if it is
+excluded.
 
 By default, tracked files are not shown at all since they are not
 subject to exclude rules; but see `--no-index'.
@@ -32,10 +31,12 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -v, --verbose::
 	Also output details about the matching pattern (if any)
-	for each given pathname.
+	for each given pathname. For precedence rules within and
+	between exclude sources, see linkgit:gitignore[5].
 
 --stdin::
-	Read file names from stdin instead of from the command-line.
+	Read pathnames from the standard input, one per line,
+	instead of from the command-line.
 
 -z::
 	The output format is modified to be machine-parseable (see
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ matching pattern, <source> is the pattern's source file, and <linenum>
 is the line number of the pattern within that source.  If the pattern
 contained a `!` prefix or `/` suffix, it will be preserved in the
 output.  <source> will be an absolute path when referring to the file
-configured by `core.excludesfile`, or relative to the repository root
+configured by `core.excludesFile`, or relative to the repository root
 when referring to `.git/info/exclude` or a per-directory exclude file.
 
 If `-z` is specified, the pathnames in the output are delimited by the
@@ -111,7 +112,7 @@ EXIT STATUS
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:gitignore[5]
-linkgit:gitconfig[5]
+linkgit:git-config[1]
 linkgit:git-ls-files[1]
 
 GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-mailmap.txt b/Documentation/git-check-mailmap.txt
index 39028ee1a3..aa2055dbeb 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-check-mailmap.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-check-mailmap.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-check-mailmap - Show canonical names and email addresses of contacts
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git check-mailmap' [options] <contact>...
+'git check-mailmap' [<options>] <contact>...
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt b/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
index fc02959ba4..d9de992585 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ Git imposes the following rules on how references are named:
 
 These rules make it easy for shell script based tools to parse
 reference names, pathname expansion by the shell when a reference name is used
-unquoted (by mistake), and also avoids ambiguities in certain
+unquoted (by mistake), and also avoid ambiguities in certain
 reference name expressions (see linkgit:gitrevisions[7]):
 
 . A double-dot `..` is often used as in `ref1..ref2`, and in some
@@ -77,11 +77,23 @@ reference name expressions (see linkgit:gitrevisions[7]):
 
 . at-open-brace `@{` is used as a notation to access a reflog entry.
 
-With the `--branch` option, it expands the ``previous branch syntax''
-`@{-n}`.  For example, `@{-1}` is a way to refer the last branch you
-were on.  This option should be used by porcelains to accept this
-syntax anywhere a branch name is expected, so they can act as if you
-typed the branch name.
+With the `--branch` option, the command takes a name and checks if
+it can be used as a valid branch name (e.g. when creating a new
+branch). But be cautious when using the
+previous checkout syntax that may refer to a detached HEAD state.
+The rule `git check-ref-format --branch $name` implements
+may be stricter than what `git check-ref-format refs/heads/$name`
+says (e.g. a dash may appear at the beginning of a ref component,
+but it is explicitly forbidden at the beginning of a branch name).
+When run with `--branch` option in a repository, the input is first
+expanded for the ``previous checkout syntax''
+`@{-n}`.  For example, `@{-1}` is a way to refer the last thing that
+was checked out using "git checkout" operation. This option should be
+used by porcelains to accept this syntax anywhere a branch name is
+expected, so they can act as if you typed the branch name. As an
+exception note that, the ``previous checkout operation'' might result
+in a commit object name when the N-th last thing checked out was not
+a branch.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -94,22 +106,22 @@ OPTIONS
 	Interpret <refname> as a reference name pattern for a refspec
 	(as used with remote repositories).  If this option is
 	enabled, <refname> is allowed to contain a single `*`
-	in place of a one full pathname component (e.g.,
-	`foo/*/bar` but not `foo/bar*`).
+	in the refspec (e.g., `foo/bar*/baz` or `foo/bar*baz/`
+	but not `foo/bar*/baz*`).
 
 --normalize::
 	Normalize 'refname' by removing any leading slash (`/`)
 	characters and collapsing runs of adjacent slashes between
-	name components into a single slash.  Iff the normalized
+	name components into a single slash.  If the normalized
 	refname is valid then print it to standard output and exit
-	with a status of 0.  (`--print` is a deprecated way to spell
-	`--normalize`.)
+	with a status of 0, otherwise exit with a non-zero status.
+	(`--print` is a deprecated way to spell `--normalize`.)
 
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 
-* Print the name of the previous branch:
+* Print the name of the previous thing checked out:
 +
 ------------
 $ git check-ref-format --branch @{-1}
@@ -118,8 +130,8 @@ $ git check-ref-format --branch @{-1}
 * Determine the reference name to use for a new branch:
 +
 ------------
-$ ref=$(git check-ref-format --normalize "refs/heads/$newbranch") ||
-die "we do not like '$newbranch' as a branch name."
+$ ref=$(git check-ref-format --normalize "refs/heads/$newbranch")||
+{ echo "we do not like '$newbranch' as a branch name." >&2 ; exit 1 ; }
 ------------
 
 GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
index 33ad2adf5c..9db02928c4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-checkout(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-checkout - Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree
+git-checkout - Switch branches or restore working tree files
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 'git checkout' [-q] [-f] [-m] [--detach] <commit>
 'git checkout' [-q] [-f] [-m] [[-b|-B|--orphan] <new_branch>] [<start_point>]
 'git checkout' [-f|--ours|--theirs|-m|--conflict=<style>] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>...
-'git checkout' [-p|--patch] [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]
+'git checkout' [<tree-ish>] [--] <pathspec>...
+'git checkout' (-p|--patch) [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -37,8 +38,17 @@ equivalent to
 $ git checkout -b <branch> --track <remote>/<branch>
 ------------
 +
+If the branch exists in multiple remotes and one of them is named by
+the `checkout.defaultRemote` configuration variable, we'll use that
+one for the purposes of disambiguation, even if the `<branch>` isn't
+unique across all remotes. Set it to
+e.g. `checkout.defaultRemote=origin` to always checkout remote
+branches from there if `<branch>` is ambiguous but exists on the
+'origin' remote. See also `checkout.defaultRemote` in
+linkgit:git-config[1].
++
 You could omit <branch>, in which case the command degenerates to
-"check out the current branch", which is a glorified no-op with a
+"check out the current branch", which is a glorified no-op with
 rather expensive side-effects to show only the tracking information,
 if exists, for the current branch.
 
@@ -78,16 +88,13 @@ be used to detach HEAD at the tip of the branch (`git checkout
 +
 Omitting <branch> detaches HEAD at the tip of the current branch.
 
-'git checkout' [-p|--patch] [<tree-ish>] [--] <pathspec>...::
+'git checkout' [<tree-ish>] [--] <pathspec>...::
 
-	When <paths> or `--patch` are given, 'git checkout' does *not*
-	switch branches.  It updates the named paths in the working tree
-	from the index file or from a named <tree-ish> (most often a
-	commit).  In this case, the `-b` and `--track` options are
-	meaningless and giving either of them results in an error.  The
-	<tree-ish> argument can be used to specify a specific tree-ish
-	(i.e.  commit, tag or tree) to update the index for the given
-	paths before updating the working tree.
+	Overwrite paths in the working tree by replacing with the
+	contents in the index or in the <tree-ish> (most often a
+	commit).  When a <tree-ish> is given, the paths that
+	match the <pathspec> are updated both in the index and in
+	the working tree.
 +
 The index may contain unmerged entries because of a previous failed merge.
 By default, if you try to check out such an entry from the index, the
@@ -97,12 +104,26 @@ specific side of the merge can be checked out of the index by
 using `--ours` or `--theirs`.  With `-m`, changes made to the working tree
 file can be discarded to re-create the original conflicted merge result.
 
+'git checkout' (-p|--patch) [<tree-ish>] [--] [<pathspec>...]::
+	This is similar to the "check out paths to the working tree
+	from either the index or from a tree-ish" mode described
+	above, but lets you use the interactive interface to show
+	the "diff" output and choose which hunks to use in the
+	result.  See below for the description of `--patch` option.
+
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -q::
 --quiet::
 	Quiet, suppress feedback messages.
 
+--[no-]progress::
+	Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
+	by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless `--quiet`
+	is specified. This flag enables progress reporting even if not
+	attached to a terminal, regardless of `--quiet`.
+
 -f::
 --force::
 	When switching branches, proceed even if the index or the
@@ -116,6 +137,21 @@ entries; instead, unmerged entries are ignored.
 --theirs::
 	When checking out paths from the index, check out stage #2
 	('ours') or #3 ('theirs') for unmerged paths.
++
+Note that during `git rebase` and `git pull --rebase`, 'ours' and
+'theirs' may appear swapped; `--ours` gives the version from the
+branch the changes are rebased onto, while `--theirs` gives the
+version from the branch that holds your work that is being rebased.
++
+This is because `rebase` is used in a workflow that treats the
+history at the remote as the shared canonical one, and treats the
+work done on the branch you are rebasing as the third-party work to
+be integrated, and you are temporarily assuming the role of the
+keeper of the canonical history during the rebase.  As the keeper of
+the canonical history, you need to view the history from the remote
+as `ours` (i.e. "our shared canonical history"), while what you did
+on your side branch as `theirs` (i.e. "one contributor's work on top
+of it").
 
 -b <new_branch>::
 	Create a new branch named <new_branch> and start it at
@@ -132,7 +168,7 @@ entries; instead, unmerged entries are ignored.
 	When creating a new branch, set up "upstream" configuration. See
 	"--track" in linkgit:git-branch[1] for details.
 +
-If no '-b' option is given, the name of the new branch will be
+If no `-b` option is given, the name of the new branch will be
 derived from the remote-tracking branch, by looking at the local part of
 the refspec configured for the corresponding remote, and then stripping
 the initial part up to the "*".
@@ -140,11 +176,11 @@ This would tell us to use "hack" as the local branch when branching
 off of "origin/hack" (or "remotes/origin/hack", or even
 "refs/remotes/origin/hack").  If the given name has no slash, or the above
 guessing results in an empty name, the guessing is aborted.  You can
-explicitly give a name with '-b' in such a case.
+explicitly give a name with `-b` in such a case.
 
 --no-track::
 	Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the
-	branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable is true.
+	branch.autoSetupMerge configuration variable is true.
 
 -l::
 	Create the new branch's reflog; see linkgit:git-branch[1] for
@@ -210,7 +246,7 @@ the conflicted merge in the specified paths.
 --conflict=<style>::
 	The same as --merge option above, but changes the way the
 	conflicting hunks are presented, overriding the
-	merge.conflictstyle configuration variable.  Possible values are
+	merge.conflictStyle configuration variable.  Possible values are
 	"merge" (default) and "diff3" (in addition to what is shown by
 	"merge" style, shows the original contents).
 
@@ -225,6 +261,21 @@ This means that you can use `git checkout -p` to selectively discard
 edits from your current working tree. See the ``Interactive Mode''
 section of linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `--patch` mode.
 
+--ignore-other-worktrees::
+	`git checkout` refuses when the wanted ref is already checked
+	out by another worktree. This option makes it check the ref
+	out anyway. In other words, the ref can be held by more than one
+	worktree.
+
+--[no-]recurse-submodules::
+	Using --recurse-submodules will update the content of all initialized
+	submodules according to the commit recorded in the superproject. If
+	local modifications in a submodule would be overwritten the checkout
+	will fail unless `-f` is used. If nothing (or --no-recurse-submodules)
+	is used, the work trees of submodules will not be updated.
+	Just like linkgit:git-submodule[1], this will detach the
+	submodules HEAD.
+
 <branch>::
 	Branch to checkout; if it refers to a branch (i.e., a name that,
 	when prepended with "refs/heads/", is a valid ref), then that
@@ -232,11 +283,11 @@ section of linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `--patch` mode.
 	commit, your HEAD becomes "detached" and you are no longer on
 	any branch (see below for details).
 +
-As a special case, the `"@{-N}"` syntax for the N-th last branch/commit
-checks out branches (instead of detaching).  You may also specify
-`-` which is synonymous with `"@{-1}"`.
+You can use the `"@{-N}"` syntax to refer to the N-th last
+branch/commit checked out using "git checkout" operation. You may
+also specify `-` which is synonymous to `"@{-1}`.
 +
-As a further special case, you may use `"A...B"` as a shortcut for the
+As a special case, you may use `"A...B"` as a shortcut for the
 merge base of `A` and `B` if there is exactly one merge base. You can
 leave out at most one of `A` and `B`, in which case it defaults to `HEAD`.
 
@@ -388,6 +439,18 @@ $ git reflog -2 HEAD # or
 $ git log -g -2 HEAD
 ------------
 
+ARGUMENT DISAMBIGUATION
+-----------------------
+
+When there is only one argument given and it is not `--` (e.g. "git
+checkout abc"), and when the argument is both a valid `<tree-ish>`
+(e.g. a branch "abc" exists) and a valid `<pathspec>` (e.g. a file
+or a directory whose name is "abc" exists), Git would usually ask
+you to disambiguate.  Because checking out a branch is so common an
+operation, however, "git checkout abc" takes "abc" as a `<tree-ish>`
+in such a situation.  Use `git checkout -- <pathspec>` if you want
+to checkout these paths out of the index.
+
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt b/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt
index 1c03c792b0..d35d771fc8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git cherry-pick' [--edit] [-n] [-m parent-number] [-s] [-x] [--ff]
-		  [-S[<key-id>]] <commit>...
+		  [-S[<keyid>]] <commit>...
 'git cherry-pick' --continue
 'git cherry-pick' --quit
 'git cherry-pick' --abort
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	For a more complete list of ways to spell commits, see
 	linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
 	Sets of commits can be passed but no traversal is done by
-	default, as if the '--no-walk' option was specified, see
+	default, as if the `--no-walk` option was specified, see
 	linkgit:git-rev-list[1]. Note that specifying a range will
 	feed all <commit>... arguments to a single revision walk
 	(see a later example that uses 'maint master..next').
@@ -100,10 +100,13 @@ effect to your index in a row.
 -s::
 --signoff::
 	Add Signed-off-by line at the end of the commit message.
+	See the signoff option in linkgit:git-commit[1] for more information.
 
--S[<key-id>]::
---gpg-sign[=<key-id>]::
-	GPG-sign commits.
+-S[<keyid>]::
+--gpg-sign[=<keyid>]::
+	GPG-sign commits. The `keyid` argument is optional and
+	defaults to the committer identity; if specified, it must be
+	stuck to the option without a space.
 
 --ff::
 	If the current HEAD is the same as the parent of the
@@ -125,13 +128,14 @@ effect to your index in a row.
 
 --allow-empty-message::
 	By default, cherry-picking a commit with an empty message will fail.
-	This option overrides that behaviour, allowing commits with empty
+	This option overrides that behavior, allowing commits with empty
 	messages to be cherry picked.
 
 --keep-redundant-commits::
 	If a commit being cherry picked duplicates a commit already in the
 	current history, it will become empty.  By default these
-	redundant commits are ignored.  This option overrides that behavior and
+	redundant commits cause `cherry-pick` to stop so the user can
+	examine the commit. This option overrides that behavior and
 	creates an empty commit object.  Implies `--allow-empty`.
 
 --strategy=<strategy>::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-clean.txt b/Documentation/git-clean.txt
index 641681f61a..03056dad0d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-clean.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-clean.txt
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ DESCRIPTION
 Cleans the working tree by recursively removing files that are not
 under version control, starting from the current directory.
 
-Normally, only files unknown to Git are removed, but if the '-x'
+Normally, only files unknown to Git are removed, but if the `-x`
 option is specified, ignored files are also removed. This can, for
 example, be useful to remove all build products.
 
@@ -37,9 +37,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	to false, 'git clean' will refuse to delete files or directories
 	unless given -f, -n or -i. Git will refuse to delete directories
 	with .git sub directory or file unless a second -f
-	is given. This affects also git submodules where the storage area
-	of the removed submodule under .git/modules/ is not removed until
-	-f is given twice.
+	is given.
 
 -i::
 --interactive::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-clone.txt b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
index f1f2a3f7ea..a55536f0bf 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-clone.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	  [-l] [-s] [--no-hardlinks] [-q] [-n] [--bare] [--mirror]
 	  [-o <name>] [-b <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>]
 	  [--dissociate] [--separate-git-dir <git dir>]
-	  [--depth <depth>] [--[no-]single-branch]
-	  [--recursive | --recurse-submodules] [--] <repository>
-	  [<directory>]
+	  [--depth <depth>] [--[no-]single-branch] [--no-tags]
+	  [--recurse-submodules[=<pathspec>]] [--[no-]shallow-submodules]
+	  [--jobs <n>] [--] <repository> [<directory>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -90,13 +90,16 @@ If you want to break the dependency of a repository cloned with `-s` on
 its source repository, you can simply run `git repack -a` to copy all
 objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
 
---reference <repository>::
+--reference[-if-able] <repository>::
 	If the reference repository is on the local machine,
 	automatically setup `.git/objects/info/alternates` to
 	obtain objects from the reference repository.  Using
 	an already existing repository as an alternate will
 	require fewer objects to be copied from the repository
 	being cloned, reducing network and local storage costs.
+	When using the `--reference-if-able`, a non existing
+	directory is skipped with a warning instead of aborting
+	the clone.
 +
 *NOTE*: see the NOTE for the `--shared` option, and also the
 `--dissociate` option.
@@ -104,14 +107,18 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
 --dissociate::
 	Borrow the objects from reference repositories specified
 	with the `--reference` options only to reduce network
-	transfer and stop borrowing from them after a clone is made
-	by making necessary local copies of borrowed objects.
+	transfer, and stop borrowing from them after a clone is made
+	by making necessary local copies of borrowed objects.  This
+	option can also be used when cloning locally from a
+	repository that already borrows objects from another
+	repository--the new repository will borrow objects from the
+	same repository, and this option can be used to stop the
+	borrowing.
 
 --quiet::
 -q::
 	Operate quietly.  Progress is not reported to the standard
-	error stream. This flag is also passed to the `rsync'
-	command when given.
+	error stream.
 
 --verbose::
 -v::
@@ -185,29 +192,59 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
 
 --depth <depth>::
 	Create a 'shallow' clone with a history truncated to the
-	specified number of revisions.
+	specified number of commits. Implies `--single-branch` unless
+	`--no-single-branch` is given to fetch the histories near the
+	tips of all branches. If you want to clone submodules shallowly,
+	also pass `--shallow-submodules`.
+
+--shallow-since=<date>::
+	Create a shallow clone with a history after the specified time.
+
+--shallow-exclude=<revision>::
+	Create a shallow clone with a history, excluding commits
+	reachable from a specified remote branch or tag.  This option
+	can be specified multiple times.
 
 --[no-]single-branch::
 	Clone only the history leading to the tip of a single branch,
 	either specified by the `--branch` option or the primary
-	branch remote's `HEAD` points at. When creating a shallow
-	clone with the `--depth` option, this is the default, unless
-	`--no-single-branch` is given to fetch the histories near the
-	tips of all branches.
+	branch remote's `HEAD` points at.
 	Further fetches into the resulting repository will only update the
 	remote-tracking branch for the branch this option was used for the
 	initial cloning.  If the HEAD at the remote did not point at any
 	branch when `--single-branch` clone was made, no remote-tracking
 	branch is created.
 
---recursive::
---recurse-submodules::
-	After the clone is created, initialize all submodules within,
-	using their default settings. This is equivalent to running
-	`git submodule update --init --recursive` immediately after
-	the clone is finished. This option is ignored if the cloned
-	repository does not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of
-	`--no-checkout`/`-n`, `--bare`, or `--mirror` is given)
+--no-tags::
+	Don't clone any tags, and set
+	`remote.<remote>.tagOpt=--no-tags` in the config, ensuring
+	that future `git pull` and `git fetch` operations won't follow
+	any tags. Subsequent explicit tag fetches will still work,
+	(see linkgit:git-fetch[1]).
++
+Can be used in conjunction with `--single-branch` to clone and
+maintain a branch with no references other than a single cloned
+branch. This is useful e.g. to maintain minimal clones of the default
+branch of some repository for search indexing.
+
+--recurse-submodules[=<pathspec]::
+	After the clone is created, initialize and clone submodules
+	within based on the provided pathspec.  If no pathspec is
+	provided, all submodules are initialized and cloned.
+	This option can be given multiple times for pathspecs consisting
+	of multiple entries.  The resulting clone has `submodule.active` set to
+	the provided pathspec, or "." (meaning all submodules) if no
+	pathspec is provided.
++
+Submodules are initialized and cloned using their default settings. This is
+equivalent to running
+`git submodule update --init --recursive <pathspec>` immediately after
+the clone is finished. This option is ignored if the cloned repository does
+not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of `--no-checkout`/`-n`, `--bare`,
+or `--mirror` is given)
+
+--[no-]shallow-submodules::
+	All submodules which are cloned will be shallow with a depth of 1.
 
 --separate-git-dir=<git dir>::
 	Instead of placing the cloned repository where it is supposed
@@ -216,10 +253,14 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
 	The result is Git repository can be separated from working
 	tree.
 
+-j <n>::
+--jobs <n>::
+	The number of submodules fetched at the same time.
+	Defaults to the `submodule.fetchJobs` option.
 
 <repository>::
 	The (possibly remote) repository to clone from.  See the
-	<<URLS,URLS>> section below for more information on specifying
+	<<URLS,GIT URLS>> section below for more information on specifying
 	repositories.
 
 <directory>::
@@ -232,7 +273,7 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
 :git-clone: 1
 include::urls.txt[]
 
-Examples
+EXAMPLES
 --------
 
 * Clone from upstream:
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit-graph.txt b/Documentation/git-commit-graph.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dececb79d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit-graph.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+git-commit-graph(1)
+===================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-commit-graph - Write and verify Git commit graph files
+
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git commit-graph read' [--object-dir <dir>]
+'git commit-graph verify' [--object-dir <dir>]
+'git commit-graph write' <options> [--object-dir <dir>]
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+Manage the serialized commit graph file.
+
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+--object-dir::
+	Use given directory for the location of packfiles and commit graph
+	file. This parameter exists to specify the location of an alternate
+	that only has the objects directory, not a full .git directory. The
+	commit graph file is expected to be at <dir>/info/commit-graph and
+	the packfiles are expected to be in <dir>/pack.
+
+
+COMMANDS
+--------
+'write'::
+
+Write a commit graph file based on the commits found in packfiles.
++
+With the `--stdin-packs` option, generate the new commit graph by
+walking objects only in the specified pack-indexes. (Cannot be combined
+with `--stdin-commits` or `--reachable`.)
++
+With the `--stdin-commits` option, generate the new commit graph by
+walking commits starting at the commits specified in stdin as a list
+of OIDs in hex, one OID per line. (Cannot be combined with
+`--stdin-packs` or `--reachable`.)
++
+With the `--reachable` option, generate the new commit graph by walking
+commits starting at all refs. (Cannot be combined with `--stdin-commits`
+or `--stdin-packs`.)
++
+With the `--append` option, include all commits that are present in the
+existing commit-graph file.
+
+'read'::
+
+Read a graph file given by the commit-graph file and output basic
+details about the graph file. Used for debugging purposes.
+
+'verify'::
+
+Read the commit-graph file and verify its contents against the object
+database. Used to check for corrupted data.
+
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+* Write a commit graph file for the packed commits in your local .git folder.
++
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git commit-graph write
+------------------------------------------------
+
+* Write a graph file, extending the current graph file using commits
+* in <pack-index>.
++
+------------------------------------------------
+$ echo <pack-index> | git commit-graph write --stdin-packs
+------------------------------------------------
+
+* Write a graph file containing all reachable commits.
++
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git show-ref -s | git commit-graph write --stdin-commits
+------------------------------------------------
+
+* Write a graph file containing all commits in the current
+* commit-graph file along with those reachable from HEAD.
++
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git rev-parse HEAD | git commit-graph write --stdin-commits --append
+------------------------------------------------
+
+* Read basic information from the commit-graph file.
++
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git commit-graph read
+------------------------------------------------
+
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
index a469eab066..002dae625e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-commit-tree - Create a new commit object
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git commit-tree' <tree> [(-p <parent>)...] < changelog
+'git commit-tree' <tree> [(-p <parent>)...]
 'git commit-tree' [(-p <parent>)...] [-S[<keyid>]] [(-m <message>)...]
 		  [(-F <file>)...] <tree>
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	An existing tree object
 
 -p <parent>::
-	Each '-p' indicates the id of a parent commit object.
+	Each `-p` indicates the id of a parent commit object.
 
 -m <message>::
 	A paragraph in the commit log message. This can be given more than
@@ -56,11 +56,13 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -S[<keyid>]::
 --gpg-sign[=<keyid>]::
-	GPG-sign commit.
+	GPG-sign commits. The `keyid` argument is optional and
+	defaults to the committer identity; if specified, it must be
+	stuck to the option without a space.
 
 --no-gpg-sign::
-	Countermand `commit.gpgsign` configuration variable that is
-	set to force each and every commit to be signed.
+	Do not GPG-sign commit, to countermand a `--gpg-sign` option
+	given earlier on the command line.
 
 
 Commit Information
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit.txt b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
index f14d2ececd..f970a43422 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	   [-F <file> | -m <msg>] [--reset-author] [--allow-empty]
 	   [--allow-empty-message] [--no-verify] [-e] [--author=<author>]
 	   [--date=<date>] [--cleanup=<mode>] [--[no-]status]
-	   [-i | -o] [-S[<key-id>]] [--] [<file>...]
+	   [-i | -o] [-S[<keyid>]] [--] [<file>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -29,7 +29,8 @@ The content to be added can be specified in several ways:
 2. by using 'git rm' to remove files from the working tree
    and the index, again before using the 'commit' command;
 
-3. by listing files as arguments to the 'commit' command, in which
+3. by listing files as arguments to the 'commit' command
+   (without --interactive or --patch switch), in which
    case the commit will ignore changes staged in the index, and instead
    record the current content of the listed files (which must already
    be known to Git);
@@ -41,7 +42,8 @@ The content to be added can be specified in several ways:
    actual commit;
 
 5. by using the --interactive or --patch switches with the 'commit' command
-   to decide one by one which files or hunks should be part of the commit,
+   to decide one by one which files or hunks should be part of the commit
+   in addition to contents in the index,
    before finalizing the operation. See the ``Interactive Mode'' section of
    linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate these modes.
 
@@ -75,7 +77,7 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -c <commit>::
 --reedit-message=<commit>::
-	Like '-C', but with '-c' the editor is invoked, so that
+	Like '-C', but with `-c` the editor is invoked, so that
 	the user can further edit the commit message.
 
 --fixup=<commit>::
@@ -93,8 +95,8 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --reset-author::
 	When used with -C/-c/--amend options, or when committing after a
-	a conflicting cherry-pick, declare that the authorship of the
-	resulting commit now belongs of the committer. This also renews
+	conflicting cherry-pick, declare that the authorship of the
+	resulting commit now belongs to the committer. This also renews
 	the author timestamp.
 
 --short::
@@ -110,14 +112,17 @@ OPTIONS
 	`--dry-run`.
 
 --long::
-	When doing a dry-run, give the output in a the long-format.
+	When doing a dry-run, give the output in the long-format.
 	Implies `--dry-run`.
 
 -z::
 --null::
-	When showing `short` or `porcelain` status output, terminate
-	entries in the status output with NUL, instead of LF. If no
-	format is given, implies the `--porcelain` output format.
+	When showing `short` or `porcelain` status output, print the
+	filename verbatim and terminate the entries with NUL, instead of LF.
+	If no format is given, implies the `--porcelain` output format.
+	Without the `-z` option, filenames with "unusual" characters are
+	quoted as explained for the configuration variable `core.quotePath`
+	(see linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 -F <file>::
 --file=<file>::
@@ -139,6 +144,8 @@ OPTIONS
 	Use the given <msg> as the commit message.
 	If multiple `-m` options are given, their values are
 	concatenated as separate paragraphs.
++
+The `-m` option is mutually exclusive with `-c`, `-C`, and `-F`.
 
 -t <file>::
 --template=<file>::
@@ -154,7 +161,11 @@ OPTIONS
 -s::
 --signoff::
 	Add Signed-off-by line by the committer at the end of the commit
-	log message.
+	log message.  The meaning of a signoff depends on the project,
+	but it typically certifies that committer has
+	the rights to submit this work under the same license and
+	agrees to a Developer Certificate of Origin
+	(see http://developercertificate.org/ for more information).
 
 -n::
 --no-verify::
@@ -180,24 +191,25 @@ OPTIONS
 +
 --
 strip::
-	Strip leading and trailing empty lines, trailing whitespace, and
-	#commentary and collapse consecutive empty lines.
+	Strip leading and trailing empty lines, trailing whitespace,
+	commentary and collapse consecutive empty lines.
 whitespace::
 	Same as `strip` except #commentary is not removed.
 verbatim::
 	Do not change the message at all.
 scissors::
-	Same as `whitespace`, except that everything from (and
-	including) the line
-	"`# ------------------------ >8 ------------------------`"
-	is truncated if the message is to be edited. "`#`" can be
-	customized with core.commentChar.
+	Same as `whitespace` except that everything from (and including)
+	the line found below is truncated, if the message is to be edited.
+	"`#`" can be customized with core.commentChar.
+
+		# ------------------------ >8 ------------------------
+
 default::
 	Same as `strip` if the message is to be edited.
 	Otherwise `whitespace`.
 --
 +
-The default can be changed by the 'commit.cleanup' configuration
+The default can be changed by the `commit.cleanup` configuration
 variable (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 -e::
@@ -256,10 +268,11 @@ FROM UPSTREAM REBASE" section in linkgit:git-rebase[1].)
 	staged for other paths. This is the default mode of operation of
 	'git commit' if any paths are given on the command line,
 	in which case this option can be omitted.
-	If this option is specified together with '--amend', then
+	If this option is specified together with `--amend`, then
 	no paths need to be specified, which can be used to amend
 	the last commit without committing changes that have
-	already been staged.
+	already been staged. If used together with `--allow-empty`
+	paths are also not required, and an empty commit will be created.
 
 -u[<mode>]::
 --untracked-files[=<mode>]::
@@ -282,8 +295,12 @@ configuration variable documented in linkgit:git-config[1].
 --verbose::
 	Show unified diff between the HEAD commit and what
 	would be committed at the bottom of the commit message
-	template.  Note that this diff output doesn't have its
-	lines prefixed with '#'.
+	template to help the user describe the commit by reminding
+	what changes the commit has.
+	Note that this diff output doesn't have its
+	lines prefixed with '#'. This diff will not be a part
+	of the commit message. See the `commit.verbose` configuration
+	variable in linkgit:git-config[1].
 +
 If specified twice, show in addition the unified diff between
 what would be committed and the worktree files, i.e. the unstaged
@@ -311,10 +328,12 @@ changes to tracked files.
 
 -S[<keyid>]::
 --gpg-sign[=<keyid>]::
-	GPG-sign commit.
+	GPG-sign commits. The `keyid` argument is optional and
+	defaults to the committer identity; if specified, it must be
+	stuck to the option without a space.
 
 --no-gpg-sign::
-	Countermand `commit.gpgsign` configuration variable that is
+	Countermand `commit.gpgSign` configuration variable that is
 	set to force each and every commit to be signed.
 
 \--::
@@ -440,14 +459,14 @@ include::i18n.txt[]
 ENVIRONMENT AND CONFIGURATION VARIABLES
 ---------------------------------------
 The editor used to edit the commit log message will be chosen from the
-GIT_EDITOR environment variable, the core.editor configuration variable, the
-VISUAL environment variable, or the EDITOR environment variable (in that
+`GIT_EDITOR` environment variable, the core.editor configuration variable, the
+`VISUAL` environment variable, or the `EDITOR` environment variable (in that
 order).  See linkgit:git-var[1] for details.
 
 HOOKS
 -----
 This command can run `commit-msg`, `prepare-commit-msg`, `pre-commit`,
-and `post-commit` hooks.  See linkgit:githooks[5] for more
+`post-commit` and `post-rewrite` hooks.  See linkgit:githooks[5] for more
 information.
 
 FILES
diff --git a/Documentation/git-config.txt b/Documentation/git-config.txt
index 9dfa1a5ce2..8e240435be 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-config.txt
@@ -9,18 +9,18 @@ git-config - Get and set repository or global options
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] name [value [value_regex]]
-'git config' [<file-option>] [type] --add name value
-'git config' [<file-option>] [type] --replace-all name value [value_regex]
-'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] --get name [value_regex]
-'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] --get-all name [value_regex]
-'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] --get-regexp name_regex [value_regex]
-'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] --get-urlmatch name URL
+'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [--show-origin] [-z|--null] name [value [value_regex]]
+'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] --add name value
+'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] --replace-all name value [value_regex]
+'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [--show-origin] [-z|--null] --get name [value_regex]
+'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [--show-origin] [-z|--null] --get-all name [value_regex]
+'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [--show-origin] [-z|--null] [--name-only] --get-regexp name_regex [value_regex]
+'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [-z|--null] --get-urlmatch name URL
 'git config' [<file-option>] --unset name [value_regex]
 'git config' [<file-option>] --unset-all name [value_regex]
 'git config' [<file-option>] --rename-section old_name new_name
 'git config' [<file-option>] --remove-section name
-'git config' [<file-option>] [-z|--null] -l | --list
+'git config' [<file-option>] [--show-origin] [-z|--null] [--name-only] -l | --list
 'git config' [<file-option>] --get-color name [default]
 'git config' [<file-option>] --get-colorbool name [stdout-is-tty]
 'git config' [<file-option>] -e | --edit
@@ -31,40 +31,38 @@ You can query/set/replace/unset options with this command. The name is
 actually the section and the key separated by a dot, and the value will be
 escaped.
 
-Multiple lines can be added to an option by using the '--add' option.
+Multiple lines can be added to an option by using the `--add` option.
 If you want to update or unset an option which can occur on multiple
 lines, a POSIX regexp `value_regex` needs to be given.  Only the
 existing values that match the regexp are updated or unset.  If
 you want to handle the lines that do *not* match the regex, just
 prepend a single exclamation mark in front (see also <<EXAMPLES>>).
 
-The type specifier can be either '--int' or '--bool', to make
-'git config' ensure that the variable(s) are of the given type and
-convert the value to the canonical form (simple decimal number for int,
-a "true" or "false" string for bool), or '--path', which does some
-path expansion (see '--path' below).  If no type specifier is passed, no
-checks or transformations are performed on the value.
+The `--type=<type>` option instructs 'git config' to ensure that incoming and
+outgoing values are canonicalize-able under the given <type>.  If no
+`--type=<type>` is given, no canonicalization will be performed. Callers may
+unset an existing `--type` specifier with `--no-type`.
 
 When reading, the values are read from the system, global and
 repository local configuration files by default, and options
-'--system', '--global', '--local' and '--file <filename>' can be
+`--system`, `--global`, `--local` and `--file <filename>` can be
 used to tell the command to read from only that location (see <<FILES>>).
 
 When writing, the new value is written to the repository local
-configuration file by default, and options '--system', '--global',
-'--file <filename>' can be used to tell the command to write to
-that location (you can say '--local' but that is the default).
+configuration file by default, and options `--system`, `--global`,
+`--file <filename>` can be used to tell the command to write to
+that location (you can say `--local` but that is the default).
 
 This command will fail with non-zero status upon error.  Some exit
 codes are:
 
-. The config file is invalid (ret=3),
-. can not write to the config file (ret=4),
-. no section or name was provided (ret=2),
-. the section or key is invalid (ret=1),
-. you try to unset an option which does not exist (ret=5),
-. you try to unset/set an option for which multiple lines match (ret=5), or
-. you try to use an invalid regexp (ret=6).
+- The section or key is invalid (ret=1),
+- no section or name was provided (ret=2),
+- the config file is invalid (ret=3),
+- the config file cannot be written (ret=4),
+- you try to unset an option which does not exist (ret=5),
+- you try to unset/set an option for which multiple lines match (ret=5), or
+- you try to use an invalid regexp (ret=6).
 
 On success, the command returns the exit code 0.
 
@@ -86,8 +84,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	found and the last value if multiple key values were found.
 
 --get-all::
-	Like get, but does not fail if the number of values for the key
-	is not exactly one.
+	Like get, but returns all values for a multi-valued key.
 
 --get-regexp::
 	Like --get-all, but interprets the name as a regular expression and
@@ -102,7 +99,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	given URL is returned (if no such key exists, the value for
 	section.key is used as a fallback).  When given just the
 	section as name, do so for all the keys in the section and
-	list them.
+	list them.  Returns error code 1 if no value is found.
 
 --global::
 	For writing options: write to global `~/.gitconfig` file
@@ -139,7 +136,7 @@ See also <<FILES>>.
 	Use the given config file instead of the one specified by GIT_CONFIG.
 
 --blob blob::
-	Similar to '--file' but use the given blob instead of a file. E.g.
+	Similar to `--file` but use the given blob instead of a file. E.g.
 	you can use 'master:.gitmodules' to read values from the file
 	'.gitmodules' in the master branch. See "SPECIFYING REVISIONS"
 	section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7] for a more complete list of
@@ -159,27 +156,45 @@ See also <<FILES>>.
 
 -l::
 --list::
-	List all variables set in config file.
+	List all variables set in config file, along with their values.
 
---bool::
-	'git config' will ensure that the output is "true" or "false"
+--type <type>::
+  'git config' will ensure that any input or output is valid under the given
+  type constraint(s), and will canonicalize outgoing values in `<type>`'s
+  canonical form.
++
+Valid `<type>`'s include:
++
+- 'bool': canonicalize values as either "true" or "false".
+- 'int': canonicalize values as simple decimal numbers. An optional suffix of
+  'k', 'm', or 'g' will cause the value to be multiplied by 1024, 1048576, or
+  1073741824 upon input.
+- 'bool-or-int': canonicalize according to either 'bool' or 'int', as described
+  above.
+- 'path': canonicalize by adding a leading `~` to the value of `$HOME` and
+  `~user` to the home directory for the specified user. This specifier has no
+  effect when setting the value (but you can use `git config section.variable
+  ~/` from the command line to let your shell do the expansion.)
+- 'expiry-date': canonicalize by converting from a fixed or relative date-string
+  to a timestamp. This specifier has no effect when setting the value.
+- 'color': When getting a value, canonicalize by converting to an ANSI color
+  escape sequence. When setting a value, a sanity-check is performed to ensure
+  that the given value is canonicalize-able as an ANSI color, but it is written
+  as-is.
++
 
+--bool::
 --int::
-	'git config' will ensure that the output is a simple
-	decimal number.  An optional value suffix of 'k', 'm', or 'g'
-	in the config file will cause the value to be multiplied
-	by 1024, 1048576, or 1073741824 prior to output.
-
 --bool-or-int::
-	'git config' will ensure that the output matches the format of
-	either --bool or --int, as described above.
-
 --path::
-	'git-config' will expand leading '{tilde}' to the value of
-	'$HOME', and '{tilde}user' to the home directory for the
-	specified user.  This option has no effect when setting the
-	value (but you can use 'git config bla {tilde}/' from the
-	command line to let your shell do the expansion).
+--expiry-date::
+  Historical options for selecting a type specifier. Prefer instead `--type`,
+  (see: above).
+
+--no-type::
+  Un-sets the previously set type specifier (if one was previously set). This
+  option requests that 'git config' not canonicalize the retrieved variable.
+  `--no-type` has no effect without `--type=<type>` or `--<type>`.
 
 -z::
 --null::
@@ -190,6 +205,16 @@ See also <<FILES>>.
 	output without getting confused e.g. by values that
 	contain line breaks.
 
+--name-only::
+	Output only the names of config variables for `--list` or
+	`--get-regexp`.
+
+--show-origin::
+	Augment the output of all queried config options with the
+	origin type (file, standard input, blob, command line) and
+	the actual origin (config file path, ref, or blob id if
+	applicable).
+
 --get-colorbool name [stdout-is-tty]::
 
 	Find the color setting for `name` (e.g. `color.diff`) and output
@@ -207,21 +232,35 @@ See also <<FILES>>.
 	output it as the ANSI color escape sequence to the standard
 	output.  The optional `default` parameter is used instead, if
 	there is no color configured for `name`.
++
+`--type=color [--default=<default>]` is preferred over `--get-color`.
 
 -e::
 --edit::
 	Opens an editor to modify the specified config file; either
-	'--system', '--global', or repository (default).
+	`--system`, `--global`, or repository (default).
 
 --[no-]includes::
 	Respect `include.*` directives in config files when looking up
-	values. Defaults to on.
+	values. Defaults to `off` when a specific file is given (e.g.,
+	using `--file`, `--global`, etc) and `on` when searching all
+	config files.
+
+--default <value>::
+  When using `--get`, and the requested variable is not found, behave as if
+  <value> were the value assigned to the that variable.
+
+CONFIGURATION
+-------------
+`pager.config` is only respected when listing configuration, i.e., when
+using `--list` or any of the `--get-*` which may return multiple results.
+The default is to use a pager.
 
 [[FILES]]
 FILES
 -----
 
-If not set explicitly with '--file', there are four files where
+If not set explicitly with `--file`, there are four files where
 'git config' will search for configuration options:
 
 $(prefix)/etc/gitconfig::
@@ -252,13 +291,16 @@ The files are read in the order given above, with last value found taking
 precedence over values read earlier.  When multiple values are taken then all
 values of a key from all files will be used.
 
+You may override individual configuration parameters when running any git
+command by using the `-c` option. See linkgit:git[1] for details.
+
 All writing options will per default write to the repository specific
-configuration file. Note that this also affects options like '--replace-all'
-and '--unset'. *'git config' will only ever change one file at a time*.
+configuration file. Note that this also affects options like `--replace-all`
+and `--unset`. *'git config' will only ever change one file at a time*.
 
 You can override these rules either by command-line options or by environment
-variables. The '--global' and the '--system' options will limit the file used
-to the global or system-wide file respectively. The GIT_CONFIG environment
+variables. The `--global` and the `--system` options will limit the file used
+to the global or system-wide file respectively. The `GIT_CONFIG` environment
 variable has a similar effect, but you can specify any filename you want.
 
 
@@ -405,12 +447,33 @@ true
 % git config --bool --get-urlmatch http.sslverify https://weak.example.com
 false
 % git config --get-urlmatch http https://weak.example.com
-http.cookiefile /tmp/cookie.txt
+http.cookieFile /tmp/cookie.txt
 http.sslverify false
 ------------
 
 include::config.txt[]
 
+BUGS
+----
+When using the deprecated `[section.subsection]` syntax, changing a value
+will result in adding a multi-line key instead of a change, if the subsection
+is given with at least one uppercase character. For example when the config
+looks like
+
+--------
+  [section.subsection]
+    key = value1
+--------
+
+and running `git config section.Subsection.key value2` will result in
+
+--------
+  [section.subsection]
+    key = value1
+    key = value2
+--------
+
+
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt
index 2ff35683e5..cb9b4d2e46 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt
@@ -38,6 +38,11 @@ objects nor valid packs
 +
 size-garbage: disk space consumed by garbage files, in KiB (unless -H is
 specified)
++
+alternate: absolute path of alternate object databases; may appear
+multiple times, one line per path. Note that if the path contains
+non-printable characters, it may be surrounded by double-quotes and
+contain C-style backslashed escape sequences.
 
 -H::
 --human-readable::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-credential-cache.txt b/Documentation/git-credential-cache.txt
index 89b730632d..0216c18ef8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-credential-cache.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-credential-cache.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-credential-cache - Helper to temporarily store passwords in memory
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 -----------------------------
-git config credential.helper 'cache [options]'
+git config credential.helper 'cache [<options>]'
 -----------------------------
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -33,10 +33,13 @@ OPTIONS
 --socket <path>::
 
 	Use `<path>` to contact a running cache daemon (or start a new
-	cache daemon if one is not started). Defaults to
-	`~/.git-credential-cache/socket`. If your home directory is on a
-	network-mounted filesystem, you may need to change this to a
-	local filesystem.
+	cache daemon if one is not started).
+	Defaults to `$XDG_CACHE_HOME/git/credential/socket` unless
+	`~/.git-credential-cache/` exists in which case
+	`~/.git-credential-cache/socket` is used instead.
+	If your home directory is on a network-mounted filesystem, you
+	may need to change this to a local filesystem. You must specify
+	an absolute path.
 
 CONTROLLING THE DAEMON
 ----------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-credential-store.txt b/Documentation/git-credential-store.txt
index bc97071e76..693dd9d9d7 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-credential-store.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-credential-store.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-credential-store - Helper to store credentials on disk
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 -------------------
-git config credential.helper 'store [options]'
+git config credential.helper 'store [<options>]'
 -------------------
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -31,10 +31,41 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --file=<path>::
 
-	Use `<path>` to store credentials. The file will have its
+	Use `<path>` to lookup and store credentials. The file will have its
 	filesystem permissions set to prevent other users on the system
 	from reading it, but will not be encrypted or otherwise
-	protected. Defaults to `~/.git-credentials`.
+	protected. If not specified, credentials will be searched for from
+	`~/.git-credentials` and `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/credentials`, and
+	credentials will be written to `~/.git-credentials` if it exists, or
+	`$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/credentials` if it exists and the former does
+	not. See also <<FILES>>.
+
+[[FILES]]
+FILES
+-----
+
+If not set explicitly with `--file`, there are two files where
+git-credential-store will search for credentials in order of precedence:
+
+~/.git-credentials::
+	User-specific credentials file.
+
+$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/credentials::
+	Second user-specific credentials file. If '$XDG_CONFIG_HOME' is not set
+	or empty, `$HOME/.config/git/credentials` will be used. Any credentials
+	stored in this file will not be used if `~/.git-credentials` has a
+	matching credential as well. It is a good idea not to create this file
+	if you sometimes use older versions of Git that do not support it.
+
+For credential lookups, the files are read in the order given above, with the
+first matching credential found taking precedence over credentials found in
+files further down the list.
+
+Credential storage will by default write to the first existing file in the
+list. If none of these files exist, `~/.git-credentials` will be created and
+written to.
+
+When erasing credentials, matching credentials will be erased from all files.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
index 00a0679a28..de1ebed67d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ DESCRIPTION
 deprecated; it does not work with cvsps version 3 and later.  If you are
 performing a one-shot import of a CVS repository consider using
 http://cvs2svn.tigris.org/cvs2git.html[cvs2git] or
-https://github.com/BartMassey/parsecvs[parsecvs].
+http://www.catb.org/esr/cvs-fast-export/[cvs-fast-export].
 
 Imports a CVS repository into Git. It will either create a new
 repository, or incrementally import into an existing one.
@@ -74,10 +74,10 @@ OPTIONS
 	akin to the way 'git clone' uses 'origin' by default.
 
 -o <branch-for-HEAD>::
-	When no remote is specified (via -r) the 'HEAD' branch
+	When no remote is specified (via -r) the `HEAD` branch
 	from CVS is imported to the 'origin' branch within the Git
-	repository, as 'HEAD' already has a special meaning for Git.
-	When a remote is specified the 'HEAD' branch is named
+	repository, as `HEAD` already has a special meaning for Git.
+	When a remote is specified the `HEAD` branch is named
 	remotes/<remote>/master mirroring 'git clone' behaviour.
 	Use this option if you want to import into a different
 	branch.
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ the old cvs2git tool.
 
 -p <options-for-cvsps>::
 	Additional options for cvsps.
-	The options '-u' and '-A' are implicit and should not be used here.
+	The options `-u` and '-A' are implicit and should not be used here.
 +
 If you need to pass multiple options, separate them with a comma.
 
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ If you need to pass multiple options, separate them with a comma.
 
 -M <regex>::
 	Attempt to detect merges based on the commit message with a custom
-	regex. It can be used with '-m' to enable the default regexes
+	regex. It can be used with `-m` to enable the default regexes
 	as well. You must escape forward slashes.
 +
 The regex must capture the source branch name in $1.
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ messages, bug-tracking systems, email archives, and the like.
 
 OUTPUT
 ------
-If '-v' is specified, the script reports what it is doing.
+If `-v` is specified, the script reports what it is doing.
 
 Otherwise, success is indicated the Unix way, i.e. by simply exiting with
 a zero exit status.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
index 4961f1abda..f98b7c6ed7 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ cvspserver stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/bin/git-cvsserver git-cvsserver pserver
 Usage:
 
 [verse]
-'git-cvsserver' [options] [pserver|server] [<directory> ...]
+'git-cvsserver' [<options>] [pserver|server] [<directory> ...]
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ Print usage information and exit
 You can specify a list of allowed directories. If no directories
 are given, all are allowed. This is an additional restriction, gitcvs
 access still needs to be enabled by the `gitcvs.enabled` config option
-unless '--export-all' was given, too.
+unless `--export-all` was given, too.
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ with CVS_SERVER (and shouldn't) as 'git-shell' understands `cvs` to mean
    [gitcvs]
         enabled=1
         # optional for debugging
-        logfile=/path/to/logfile
+	logFile=/path/to/logfile
 
 ------
 Note: you need to ensure each user that is going to invoke 'git-cvsserver' has
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ allowing access over SSH.
 ------
 
 [[dbbackend]]
-Database Backend
+DATABASE BACKEND
 ----------------
 
 'git-cvsserver' uses one database per Git head (i.e. CVS module) to
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ access method and requested operation.
 That means that even if you offer only read access (e.g. by using
 the pserver method), 'git-cvsserver' should have write access to
 the database to work reliably (otherwise you need to make sure
-that the database is up-to-date any time 'git-cvsserver' is executed).
+that the database is up to date any time 'git-cvsserver' is executed).
 
 By default it uses SQLite databases in the Git directory, named
 `gitcvs.<module_name>.sqlite`. Note that the SQLite backend creates
@@ -254,14 +254,14 @@ Configuring database backend
 its documentation if changing these variables, especially
 about `DBI->connect()`.
 
-gitcvs.dbname::
+gitcvs.dbName::
 	Database name. The exact meaning depends on the
 	selected database driver, for SQLite this is a filename.
 	Supports variable substitution (see below). May
 	not contain semicolons (`;`).
 	Default: '%Ggitcvs.%m.sqlite'
 
-gitcvs.dbdriver::
+gitcvs.dbDriver::
 	Used DBI driver. You can specify any available driver
 	for this here, but it might not work. cvsserver is tested
 	with 'DBD::SQLite', reported to work with
@@ -271,12 +271,12 @@ gitcvs.dbdriver::
 	Default: 'SQLite'
 
 gitcvs.dbuser::
-	Database user. Only useful if setting `dbdriver`, since
+	Database user. Only useful if setting `dbDriver`, since
 	SQLite has no concept of database users. Supports variable
 	substitution (see below).
 
-gitcvs.dbpass::
-	Database password.  Only useful if setting `dbdriver`, since
+gitcvs.dbPass::
+	Database password.  Only useful if setting `dbDriver`, since
 	SQLite has no concept of database passwords.
 
 gitcvs.dbTableNamePrefix::
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ All variables can also be set per access method, see <<configaccessmethod,above>
 
 Variable substitution
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-In `dbdriver` and `dbuser` you can use the following variables:
+In `dbDriver` and `dbUser` you can use the following variables:
 
 %G::
 	Git directory name
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ git-cvsserver, as described above.
 When these environment variables are set, the corresponding
 command-line arguments may not be used.
 
-Eclipse CVS Client Notes
+ECLIPSE CVS CLIENT NOTES
 ------------------------
 
 To get a checkout with the Eclipse CVS client:
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ To get a checkout with the Eclipse CVS client:
 3. Browse the 'modules' available. It will give you a list of the heads in
    the repository. You will not be able to browse the tree from there. Only
    the heads.
-4. Pick 'HEAD' when it asks what branch/tag to check out. Untick the
+4. Pick `HEAD` when it asks what branch/tag to check out. Untick the
    "launch commit wizard" to avoid committing the .project file.
 
 Protocol notes: If you are using anonymous access via pserver, just select that.
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ offer. In that case CVS_SERVER is ignored, and you will have to replace
 the cvs utility on the server with 'git-cvsserver' or manipulate your `.bashrc`
 so that calling 'cvs' effectively calls 'git-cvsserver'.
 
-Clients known to work
+CLIENTS KNOWN TO WORK
 ---------------------
 
 - CVS 1.12.9 on Debian
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ Clients known to work
 - Eclipse 3.0, 3.1.2 on MacOSX (see Eclipse CVS Client Notes)
 - TortoiseCVS
 
-Operations supported
+OPERATIONS SUPPORTED
 --------------------
 
 All the operations required for normal use are supported, including
@@ -402,29 +402,29 @@ Exports and tagging (tags and branches) are not supported at this stage.
 CRLF Line Ending Conversions
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-By default the server leaves the '-k' mode blank for all files,
+By default the server leaves the `-k` mode blank for all files,
 which causes the CVS client to treat them as a text files, subject
 to end-of-line conversion on some platforms.
 
 You can make the server use the end-of-line conversion attributes to
-set the '-k' modes for files by setting the `gitcvs.usecrlfattr`
+set the `-k` modes for files by setting the `gitcvs.usecrlfattr`
 config variable.  See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for more information
 about end-of-line conversion.
 
 Alternatively, if `gitcvs.usecrlfattr` config is not enabled
 or the attributes do not allow automatic detection for a filename, then
-the server uses the `gitcvs.allbinary` config for the default setting.
-If `gitcvs.allbinary` is set, then file not otherwise
-specified will default to '-kb' mode. Otherwise the '-k' mode
-is left blank. But if `gitcvs.allbinary` is set to "guess", then
-the correct '-k' mode will be guessed based on the contents of
+the server uses the `gitcvs.allBinary` config for the default setting.
+If `gitcvs.allBinary` is set, then file not otherwise
+specified will default to '-kb' mode. Otherwise the `-k` mode
+is left blank. But if `gitcvs.allBinary` is set to "guess", then
+the correct `-k` mode will be guessed based on the contents of
 the file.
 
 For best consistency with 'cvs', it is probably best to override the
 defaults by setting `gitcvs.usecrlfattr` to true,
-and `gitcvs.allbinary` to "guess".
+and `gitcvs.allBinary` to "guess".
 
-Dependencies
+DEPENDENCIES
 ------------
 'git-cvsserver' depends on DBD::SQLite.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-daemon.txt b/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
index a69b3616ec..56d54a4898 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	     [--inetd |
 	      [--listen=<host_or_ipaddr>] [--port=<n>]
 	      [--user=<user> [--group=<group>]]]
+	     [--log-destination=(stderr|syslog|none)]
 	     [<directory>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ that service if it is enabled.
 
 It verifies that the directory has the magic file "git-daemon-export-ok", and
 it will refuse to export any Git directory that hasn't explicitly been marked
-for export this way (unless the '--export-all' parameter is specified). If you
+for export this way (unless the `--export-all` parameter is specified). If you
 pass some directory paths as 'git daemon' arguments, you can further restrict
 the offers to a whitelist comprising of those.
 
@@ -80,7 +81,8 @@ OPTIONS
 	do not have the 'git-daemon-export-ok' file.
 
 --inetd::
-	Have the server run as an inetd service. Implies --syslog.
+	Have the server run as an inetd service. Implies --syslog (may be
+	overridden with `--log-destination=`).
 	Incompatible with --detach, --port, --listen, --user and --group
 	options.
 
@@ -90,10 +92,10 @@ OPTIONS
 	is not supported, then --listen=hostname is also not supported and
 	--listen must be given an IPv4 address.
 	Can be given more than once.
-	Incompatible with '--inetd' option.
+	Incompatible with `--inetd` option.
 
 --port=<n>::
-	Listen on an alternative port.  Incompatible with '--inetd' option.
+	Listen on an alternative port.  Incompatible with `--inetd` option.
 
 --init-timeout=<n>::
 	Timeout (in seconds) between the moment the connection is established
@@ -110,8 +112,28 @@ OPTIONS
 	zero for no limit.
 
 --syslog::
-	Log to syslog instead of stderr. Note that this option does not imply
-	--verbose, thus by default only error conditions will be logged.
+	Short for `--log-destination=syslog`.
+
+--log-destination=<destination>::
+	Send log messages to the specified destination.
+	Note that this option does not imply --verbose,
+	thus by default only error conditions will be logged.
+	The <destination> must be one of:
++
+--
+stderr::
+	Write to standard error.
+	Note that if `--detach` is specified,
+	the process disconnects from the real standard error,
+	making this destination effectively equivalent to `none`.
+syslog::
+	Write to syslog, using the `git-daemon` identifier.
+none::
+	Disable all logging.
+--
++
+The default destination is `syslog` if `--inetd` or `--detach` is specified,
+otherwise `stderr`.
 
 --user-path::
 --user-path=<path>::
@@ -188,7 +210,7 @@ Git configuration files in that directory are readable by `<user>`.
 	arguments. The external command can decide to decline the
 	service by exiting with a non-zero status (or to allow it by
 	exiting with a zero status).  It can also look at the $REMOTE_ADDR
-	and $REMOTE_PORT environment variables to learn about the
+	and `$REMOTE_PORT` environment variables to learn about the
 	requestor when making this decision.
 +
 The external command can optionally write a single line to its
@@ -296,7 +318,7 @@ they correspond to these IP addresses.
 selectively enable/disable services per repository::
 	To enable 'git archive --remote' and disable 'git fetch' against
 	a repository, have the following in the configuration file in the
-	repository (that is the file 'config' next to 'HEAD', 'refs' and
+	repository (that is the file 'config' next to `HEAD`, 'refs' and
 	'objects').
 +
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-describe.txt b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
index d20ca402a1..e027fb8c4b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-describe.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@ git-describe(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-describe - Show the most recent tag that is reachable from a commit
-
+git-describe - Give an object a human readable name based on an available ref
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git describe' [--all] [--tags] [--contains] [--abbrev=<n>] <commit-ish>...
+'git describe' [--all] [--tags] [--contains] [--abbrev=<n>] [<commit-ish>...]
 'git describe' [--all] [--tags] [--contains] [--abbrev=<n>] --dirty[=<mark>]
+'git describe' <blob>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -24,15 +24,26 @@ By default (without --all or --tags) `git describe` only shows
 annotated tags.  For more information about creating annotated tags
 see the -a and -s options to linkgit:git-tag[1].
 
+If the given object refers to a blob, it will be described
+as `<commit-ish>:<path>`, such that the blob can be found
+at `<path>` in the `<commit-ish>`, which itself describes the
+first commit in which this blob occurs in a reverse revision walk
+from HEAD.
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 <commit-ish>...::
-	Commit-ish object names to describe.
+	Commit-ish object names to describe.  Defaults to HEAD if omitted.
 
 --dirty[=<mark>]::
-	Describe the working tree.
-	It means describe HEAD and appends <mark> (`-dirty` by
-	default) if the working tree is dirty.
+--broken[=<mark>]::
+	Describe the state of the working tree.  When the working
+	tree matches HEAD, the output is the same as "git describe
+	HEAD".  If the working tree has local modification "-dirty"
+	is appended to it.  If a repository is corrupt and Git
+	cannot determine if there is local modification, Git will
+	error out, unless `--broken' is given, which appends
+	the suffix "-broken" instead.
 
 --all::
 	Instead of using only the annotated tags, use any ref
@@ -82,8 +93,25 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --match <pattern>::
 	Only consider tags matching the given `glob(7)` pattern,
-	excluding the "refs/tags/" prefix.  This can be used to avoid
-	leaking private tags from the repository.
+	excluding the "refs/tags/" prefix. If used with `--all`, it also
+	considers local branches and remote-tracking references matching the
+	pattern, excluding respectively "refs/heads/" and "refs/remotes/"
+	prefix; references of other types are never considered. If given
+	multiple times, a list of patterns will be accumulated, and tags
+	matching any of the patterns will be considered.  Use `--no-match` to
+	clear and reset the list of patterns.
+
+--exclude <pattern>::
+	Do not consider tags matching the given `glob(7)` pattern, excluding
+	the "refs/tags/" prefix. If used with `--all`, it also does not consider
+	local branches and remote-tracking references matching the pattern,
+	excluding respectively "refs/heads/" and "refs/remotes/" prefix;
+	references of other types are never considered. If given multiple times,
+	a list of patterns will be accumulated and tags matching any of the
+	patterns will be excluded. When combined with --match a tag will be
+	considered when it matches at least one --match pattern and does not
+	match any of the --exclude patterns. Use `--no-exclude` to clear and
+	reset the list of patterns.
 
 --always::
 	Show uniquely abbreviated commit object as fallback.
@@ -154,7 +182,7 @@ is found, its name will be output and searching will stop.
 If an exact match was not found, 'git describe' will walk back
 through the commit history to locate an ancestor commit which
 has been tagged.  The ancestor's tag will be output along with an
-abbreviation of the input commit-ish's SHA-1. If '--first-parent' was
+abbreviation of the input commit-ish's SHA-1. If `--first-parent` was
 specified then the walk will only consider the first parent of each
 commit.
 
@@ -164,6 +192,14 @@ selected and output.  Here fewest commits different is defined as
 the number of commits which would be shown by `git log tag..input`
 will be the smallest number of commits possible.
 
+BUGS
+----
+
+Tree objects as well as tag objects not pointing at commits, cannot be described.
+When describing blobs, the lightweight tags pointing at blobs are ignored,
+but the blob is still described as <committ-ish>:<path> despite the lightweight
+tag being favorable.
+
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt b/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt
index a86cf62e68..f4bd8155c0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt
@@ -37,16 +37,16 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
 
 include::diff-format.txt[]
 
-Operating Modes
+OPERATING MODES
 ---------------
 You can choose whether you want to trust the index file entirely
-(using the '--cached' flag) or ask the diff logic to show any files
+(using the `--cached` flag) or ask the diff logic to show any files
 that don't match the stat state as being "tentatively changed".  Both
 of these operations are very useful indeed.
 
-Cached Mode
+CACHED MODE
 -----------
-If '--cached' is specified, it allows you to ask:
+If `--cached` is specified, it allows you to ask:
 
 	show me the differences between HEAD and the current index
 	contents (the ones I'd write using 'git write-tree')
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ So doing a `git diff-index --cached` is basically very useful when you are
 asking yourself "what have I already marked for being committed, and
 what's the difference to a previous tree".
 
-Non-cached Mode
+NON-CACHED MODE
 ---------------
 The "non-cached" mode takes a different approach, and is potentially
 the more useful of the two in that what it does can't be emulated with
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ a 'git write-tree' + 'git diff-tree'. Thus that's the default mode.
 The non-cached version asks the question:
 
   show me the differences between HEAD and the currently checked out
-  tree - index contents _and_ files that aren't up-to-date
+  tree - index contents _and_ files that aren't up to date
 
 which is obviously a very useful question too, since that tells you what
 you *could* commit. Again, the output matches the 'git diff-tree -r'
@@ -100,8 +100,8 @@ have not actually done a 'git update-index' on it yet - there is no
   torvalds@ppc970:~/v2.6/linux> git diff-index --abbrev HEAD
   :100644 100664 7476bb... 000000...      kernel/sched.c
 
-i.e., it shows that the tree has changed, and that `kernel/sched.c` has is
-not up-to-date and may contain new stuff. The all-zero sha1 means that to
+i.e., it shows that the tree has changed, and that `kernel/sched.c` is
+not up to date and may contain new stuff. The all-zero sha1 means that to
 get the real diff, you need to look at the object in the working directory
 directly rather than do an object-to-object diff.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt
index 1439486e40..2319b2b192 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt
@@ -43,11 +43,11 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
 	show tree entry itself as well as subtrees.  Implies -r.
 
 --root::
-	When '--root' is specified the initial commit will be shown as a big
+	When `--root` is specified the initial commit will be shown as a big
 	creation event. This is equivalent to a diff against the NULL tree.
 
 --stdin::
-	When '--stdin' is specified, the command does not take
+	When `--stdin` is specified, the command does not take
 	<tree-ish> arguments from the command line.  Instead, it
 	reads lines containing either two <tree>, one <commit>, or a
 	list of <commit> from its standard input.  (Use a single space
@@ -70,13 +70,13 @@ commits (but not trees).
 	By default, 'git diff-tree --stdin' does not show
 	differences for merge commits.  With this flag, it shows
 	differences to that commit from all of its parents. See
-	also '-c'.
+	also `-c`.
 
 -s::
 	By default, 'git diff-tree --stdin' shows differences,
-	either in machine-readable form (without '-p') or in patch
-	form (with '-p').  This output can be suppressed.  It is
-	only useful with '-v' flag.
+	either in machine-readable form (without `-p`) or in patch
+	form (with `-p`).  This output can be suppressed.  It is
+	only useful with `-v` flag.
 
 -v::
 	This flag causes 'git diff-tree --stdin' to also show
@@ -91,17 +91,17 @@ include::pretty-options.txt[]
 -c::
 	This flag changes the way a merge commit is displayed
 	(which means it is useful only when the command is given
-	one <tree-ish>, or '--stdin').  It shows the differences
+	one <tree-ish>, or `--stdin`).  It shows the differences
 	from each of the parents to the merge result simultaneously
 	instead of showing pairwise diff between a parent and the
-	result one at a time (which is what the '-m' option does).
+	result one at a time (which is what the `-m` option does).
 	Furthermore, it lists only files which were modified
 	from all parents.
 
 --cc::
 	This flag changes the way a merge commit patch is displayed,
-	in a similar way to the '-c' option. It implies the '-c'
-	and '-p' options and further compresses the patch output
+	in a similar way to the `-c` option. It implies the `-c`
+	and `-p` options and further compresses the patch output
 	by omitting uninteresting hunks whose the contents in the parents
 	have only two variants and the merge result picks one of them
 	without modification.  When all hunks are uninteresting, the commit
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ include::pretty-options.txt[]
 include::pretty-formats.txt[]
 
 
-Limiting Output
+LIMITING OUTPUT
 ---------------
 If you're only interested in differences in a subset of files, for
 example some architecture-specific files, you might do:
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff.txt b/Documentation/git-diff.txt
index bbab35fcaf..b180f1fa5b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff.txt
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ git-diff - Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git diff' [options] [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
-'git diff' [options] --cached [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
-'git diff' [options] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]
-'git diff' [options] <blob> <blob>
-'git diff' [options] [--no-index] [--] <path> <path>
+'git diff' [<options>] [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
+'git diff' [<options>] --cached [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
+'git diff' [<options>] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]
+'git diff' [<options>] <blob> <blob>
+'git diff' [<options>] --no-index [--] <path> <path>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ Show changes between the working tree and the index or a tree, changes
 between the index and a tree, changes between two trees, changes between
 two blob objects, or changes between two files on disk.
 
-'git diff' [--options] [--] [<path>...]::
+'git diff' [<options>] [--] [<path>...]::
 
 	This form is to view the changes you made relative to
 	the index (staging area for the next commit).  In other
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ two blob objects, or changes between two files on disk.
 	further add to the index but you still haven't.  You can
 	stage these changes by using linkgit:git-add[1].
 
-'git diff' --no-index [--options] [--] [<path>...]::
+'git diff' [<options>] --no-index [--] <path> <path>::
 
 	This form is to compare the given two paths on the
 	filesystem.  You can omit the `--no-index` option when
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ two blob objects, or changes between two files on disk.
 	or when running the command outside a working tree
 	controlled by Git.
 
-'git diff' [--options] --cached [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]::
+'git diff' [<options>] --cached [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]::
 
 	This form is to view the changes you staged for the next
 	commit relative to the named <commit>.  Typically you
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ two blob objects, or changes between two files on disk.
 	<commit> is not given, it shows all staged changes.
 	--staged is a synonym of --cached.
 
-'git diff' [--options] <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
+'git diff' [<options>] <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
 
 	This form is to view the changes you have in your
 	working tree relative to the named <commit>.  You can
@@ -56,18 +56,18 @@ two blob objects, or changes between two files on disk.
 	branch name to compare with the tip of a different
 	branch.
 
-'git diff' [--options] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
+'git diff' [<options>] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
 
 	This is to view the changes between two arbitrary
 	<commit>.
 
-'git diff' [--options] <commit>..<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
+'git diff' [<options>] <commit>..<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
 
 	This is synonymous to the previous form.  If <commit> on
 	one side is omitted, it will have the same effect as
 	using HEAD instead.
 
-'git diff' [--options] <commit>\...<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
+'git diff' [<options>] <commit>\...<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
 
 	This form is to view the changes on the branch containing
 	and up to the second <commit>, starting at a common ancestor
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ and the range notations ("<commit>..<commit>" and
 "<commit>\...<commit>") do not mean a range as defined in the
 "SPECIFYING RANGES" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
 
-'git diff' [options] <blob> <blob>::
+'git diff' [<options>] <blob> <blob>::
 
 	This form is to view the differences between the raw
 	contents of two blob objects.
@@ -97,6 +97,20 @@ OPTIONS
 :git-diff: 1
 include::diff-options.txt[]
 
+-1 --base::
+-2 --ours::
+-3 --theirs::
+	Compare the working tree with the "base" version (stage #1),
+	"our branch" (stage #2) or "their branch" (stage #3).  The
+	index contains these stages only for unmerged entries i.e.
+	while resolving conflicts.  See linkgit:git-read-tree[1]
+	section "3-Way Merge" for detailed information.
+
+-0::
+	Omit diff output for unmerged entries and just show
+	"Unmerged".  Can be used only when comparing the working tree
+	with the index.
+
 <path>...::
 	The <paths> parameters, when given, are used to limit
 	the diff to the named paths (you can give directory
diff --git a/Documentation/git-difftool.txt b/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
index 333cf6ff91..96c26e6aa8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
@@ -86,10 +86,11 @@ instead.  `--no-symlinks` is the default on Windows.
 	Additionally, `$BASE` is set in the environment.
 
 -g::
---gui::
+--[no-]gui::
 	When 'git-difftool' is invoked with the `-g` or `--gui` option
 	the default diff tool will be read from the configured
-	`diff.guitool` variable instead of `diff.tool`.
+	`diff.guitool` variable instead of `diff.tool`. The `--no-gui`
+	option can be used to override this setting.
 
 --[no-]trust-exit-code::
 	'git-difftool' invokes a diff tool individually on each file.
@@ -98,7 +99,7 @@ instead.  `--no-symlinks` is the default on Windows.
 	invoked diff tool returns a non-zero exit code.
 +
 'git-difftool' will forward the exit code of the invoked tool when
-'--trust-exit-code' is used.
+`--trust-exit-code` is used.
 
 See linkgit:git-diff[1] for the full list of supported options.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt b/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt
index 929e496af8..ce954be532 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-fast-export - Git data exporter
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git fast-export [options]' | 'git fast-import'
+'git fast-export [<options>]' | 'git fast-import'
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -67,17 +67,17 @@ produced incorrect results if you gave these options.
 	have been completed, or to save the marks table across
 	incremental runs.  As <file> is only opened and truncated
 	at completion, the same path can also be safely given to
-	\--import-marks.
+	--import-marks.
 	The file will not be written if no new object has been
 	marked/exported.
 
 --import-marks=<file>::
 	Before processing any input, load the marks specified in
 	<file>.  The input file must exist, must be readable, and
-	must use the same format as produced by \--export-marks.
+	must use the same format as produced by --export-marks.
 +
 Any commits that have already been marked will not be exported again.
-If the backend uses a similar \--import-marks file, this allows for
+If the backend uses a similar --import-marks file, this allows for
 incremental bidirectional exporting of the repository by keeping the
 marks the same across runs.
 
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ smaller output, and it is usually easy to quickly confirm that there is
 no private data in the stream.
 
 
-Limitations
+LIMITATIONS
 -----------
 
 Since 'git fast-import' cannot tag trees, you will not be
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
index f71fb0134b..e81117d27f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-fast-import - Backend for fast Git data importers
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-frontend | 'git fast-import' [options]
+frontend | 'git fast-import' [<options>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -42,19 +42,19 @@ OPTIONS
 --quiet::
 	Disable all non-fatal output, making fast-import silent when it
 	is successful.  This option disables the output shown by
-	\--stats.
+	--stats.
 
 --stats::
 	Display some basic statistics about the objects fast-import has
 	created, the packfiles they were stored into, and the
 	memory used by fast-import during this run.  Showing this output
-	is currently the default, but can be disabled with \--quiet.
+	is currently the default, but can be disabled with --quiet.
 
 Options for Frontends
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 --cat-blob-fd=<fd>::
-	Write responses to `cat-blob` and `ls` queries to the
+	Write responses to `get-mark`, `cat-blob`, and `ls` queries to the
 	file descriptor <fd> instead of `stdout`.  Allows `progress`
 	output intended for the end-user to be separated from other
 	output.
@@ -81,12 +81,12 @@ Locations of Marks Files
 	have been completed, or to save the marks table across
 	incremental runs.  As <file> is only opened and truncated
 	at checkpoint (or completion) the same path can also be
-	safely given to \--import-marks.
+	safely given to --import-marks.
 
 --import-marks=<file>::
 	Before processing any input, load the marks specified in
 	<file>.  The input file must exist, must be readable, and
-	must use the same format as produced by \--export-marks.
+	must use the same format as produced by --export-marks.
 	Multiple options may be supplied to import more than one
 	set of marks.  If a mark is defined to different values,
 	the last file wins.
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ Performance and Compression Tuning
 
 --depth=<n>::
 	Maximum delta depth, for blob and tree deltification.
-	Default is 10.
+	Default is 50.
 
 --export-pack-edges=<file>::
 	After creating a packfile, print a line of data to
@@ -136,8 +136,10 @@ Performance and Compression Tuning
 	Maximum size of each output packfile.
 	The default is unlimited.
 
+fastimport.unpackLimit::
+	See linkgit:git-config[1]
 
-Performance
+PERFORMANCE
 -----------
 The design of fast-import allows it to import large projects in a minimum
 amount of memory usage and processing time.  Assuming the frontend
@@ -153,7 +155,7 @@ faster if the source data is stored on a different drive than the
 destination Git repository (due to less IO contention).
 
 
-Development Cost
+DEVELOPMENT COST
 ----------------
 A typical frontend for fast-import tends to weigh in at approximately 200
 lines of Perl/Python/Ruby code.  Most developers have been able to
@@ -163,7 +165,7 @@ an ideal situation, given that most conversion tools are throw-away
 (use once, and never look back).
 
 
-Parallel Operation
+PARALLEL OPERATION
 ------------------
 Like 'git push' or 'git fetch', imports handled by fast-import are safe to
 run alongside parallel `git repack -a -d` or `git gc` invocations,
@@ -179,12 +181,12 @@ fast-forward update, fast-import will skip updating that ref and instead
 prints a warning message.  fast-import will always attempt to update all
 branch refs, and does not stop on the first failure.
 
-Branch updates can be forced with \--force, but it's recommended that
-this only be used on an otherwise quiet repository.  Using \--force
+Branch updates can be forced with --force, but it's recommended that
+this only be used on an otherwise quiet repository.  Using --force
 is not necessary for an initial import into an empty repository.
 
 
-Technical Discussion
+TECHNICAL DISCUSSION
 --------------------
 fast-import tracks a set of branches in memory.  Any branch can be created
 or modified at any point during the import process by sending a
@@ -202,7 +204,7 @@ directory also allows fast-import to run very quickly, as it does not
 need to perform any costly file update operations when switching
 between branches.
 
-Input Format
+INPUT FORMAT
 ------------
 With the exception of raw file data (which Git does not interpret)
 the fast-import input format is text (ASCII) based.  This text based
@@ -231,11 +233,11 @@ Date Formats
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
 The following date formats are supported.  A frontend should select
 the format it will use for this import by passing the format name
-in the \--date-format=<fmt> command-line option.
+in the --date-format=<fmt> command-line option.
 
 `raw`::
 	This is the Git native format and is `<time> SP <offutc>`.
-	It is also fast-import's default format, if \--date-format was
+	It is also fast-import's default format, if --date-format was
 	not specified.
 +
 The time of the event is specified by `<time>` as the number of
@@ -350,6 +352,11 @@ and control the current import process.  More detailed discussion
 	unless the `done` feature was requested using the
 	`--done` command-line option or `feature done` command.
 
+`get-mark`::
+	Causes fast-import to print the SHA-1 corresponding to a mark
+	to the file descriptor set with `--cat-blob-fd`, or `stdout` if
+	unspecified.
+
 `cat-blob`::
 	Causes fast-import to print a blob in 'cat-file --batch'
 	format to the file descriptor set with `--cat-blob-fd` or
@@ -437,7 +444,7 @@ the email address from the other fields in the line.  Note that
 of bytes, except `LT`, `GT` and `LF`.  `<name>` is typically UTF-8 encoded.
 
 The time of the change is specified by `<when>` using the date format
-that was selected by the \--date-format=<fmt> command-line option.
+that was selected by the --date-format=<fmt> command-line option.
 See ``Date Formats'' above for the set of supported formats, and
 their syntax.
 
@@ -507,10 +514,6 @@ omitted when creating a new branch, the first `merge` commit will be
 the first ancestor of the current commit, and the branch will start
 out with no files.  An unlimited number of `merge` commands per
 commit are permitted by fast-import, thereby establishing an n-way merge.
-However Git's other tools never create commits with more than 15
-additional ancestors (forming a 16-way merge).  For this reason
-it is suggested that frontends do not use more than 15 `merge`
-commands per commit; 16, if starting a new, empty branch.
 
 Here `<commit-ish>` is any of the commit specification expressions
 also accepted by `from` (see above).
@@ -604,7 +607,7 @@ be removed from the branch.
 See `filemodify` above for a detailed description of `<path>`.
 
 `filecopy`
-^^^^^^^^^^^^
+^^^^^^^^^^
 Recursively copies an existing file or subdirectory to a different
 location within the branch.  The existing file or directory must
 exist.  If the destination exists it will be completely replaced
@@ -892,7 +895,7 @@ save out all current branch refs, tags and marks.
 ....
 
 Note that fast-import automatically switches packfiles when the current
-packfile reaches \--max-pack-size, or 4 GiB, whichever limit is
+packfile reaches --max-pack-size, or 4 GiB, whichever limit is
 smaller.  During an automatic packfile switch fast-import does not update
 the branch refs, tags or marks.
 
@@ -934,6 +937,25 @@ Placing a `progress` command immediately after a `checkpoint` will
 inform the reader when the `checkpoint` has been completed and it
 can safely access the refs that fast-import updated.
 
+`get-mark`
+~~~~~~~~~~
+Causes fast-import to print the SHA-1 corresponding to a mark to
+stdout or to the file descriptor previously arranged with the
+`--cat-blob-fd` argument. The command otherwise has no impact on the
+current import; its purpose is to retrieve SHA-1s that later commits
+might want to refer to in their commit messages.
+
+....
+	'get-mark' SP ':' <idnum> LF
+....
+
+This command can be used anywhere in the stream that comments are
+accepted.  In particular, the `get-mark` command can be used in the
+middle of a commit but not in the middle of a `data` command.
+
+See ``Responses To Commands'' below for details about how to read
+this output safely.
+
 `cat-blob`
 ~~~~~~~~~~
 Causes fast-import to print a blob to a file descriptor previously
@@ -1004,7 +1026,8 @@ Output uses the same format as `git ls-tree <tree> -- <path>`:
 ====
 
 The <dataref> represents the blob, tree, or commit object at <path>
-and can be used in later 'cat-blob', 'filemodify', or 'ls' commands.
+and can be used in later 'get-mark', 'cat-blob', 'filemodify', or
+'ls' commands.
 
 If there is no file or subtree at that path, 'git fast-import' will
 instead report
@@ -1033,7 +1056,7 @@ relative-marks::
 no-relative-marks::
 force::
 	Act as though the corresponding command-line option with
-	a leading '--' was passed on the command line
+	a leading `--` was passed on the command line
 	(see OPTIONS, above).
 
 import-marks::
@@ -1046,9 +1069,11 @@ import-marks-if-exists::
 	"feature import-marks-if-exists" like a corresponding
 	command-line option silently skips a nonexistent file.
 
+get-mark::
 cat-blob::
 ls::
-	Require that the backend support the 'cat-blob' or 'ls' command.
+	Require that the backend support the 'get-mark', 'cat-blob',
+	or 'ls' command respectively.
 	Versions of fast-import not supporting the specified command
 	will exit with a message indicating so.
 	This lets the import error out early with a clear message,
@@ -1082,7 +1107,7 @@ options the user may specify to git fast-import itself.
 
 The `<option>` part of the command may contain any of the options
 listed in the OPTIONS section that do not change import semantics,
-without the leading '--' and is treated in the same way.
+without the leading `--` and is treated in the same way.
 
 Option commands must be the first commands on the input (not counting
 feature commands), to give an option command after any non-option
@@ -1106,7 +1131,7 @@ If the `--done` command-line option or `feature done` command is
 in use, the `done` command is mandatory and marks the end of the
 stream.
 
-Responses To Commands
+RESPONSES TO COMMANDS
 ---------------------
 New objects written by fast-import are not available immediately.
 Most fast-import commands have no visible effect until the next
@@ -1128,14 +1153,14 @@ bidirectional pipes:
 	git fast-import >fast-import-output
 ====
 
-A frontend set up this way can use `progress`, `ls`, and `cat-blob`
-commands to read information from the import in progress.
+A frontend set up this way can use `progress`, `get-mark`, `ls`, and
+`cat-blob` commands to read information from the import in progress.
 
 To avoid deadlock, such frontends must completely consume any
-pending output from `progress`, `ls`, and `cat-blob` before
+pending output from `progress`, `ls`, `get-mark`, and `cat-blob` before
 performing writes to fast-import that might block.
 
-Crash Reports
+CRASH REPORTS
 -------------
 If fast-import is supplied invalid input it will terminate with a
 non-zero exit status and create a crash report in the top level of
@@ -1222,7 +1247,7 @@ An example crash:
 	END OF CRASH REPORT
 ====
 
-Tips and Tricks
+TIPS AND TRICKS
 ---------------
 The following tips and tricks have been collected from various
 users of fast-import, and are offered here as suggestions.
@@ -1230,7 +1255,7 @@ users of fast-import, and are offered here as suggestions.
 Use One Mark Per Commit
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 When doing a repository conversion, use a unique mark per commit
-(`mark :<n>`) and supply the \--export-marks option on the command
+(`mark :<n>`) and supply the --export-marks option on the command
 line.  fast-import will dump a file which lists every mark and the Git
 object SHA-1 that corresponds to it.  If the frontend can tie
 the marks back to the source repository, it is easy to verify the
@@ -1295,7 +1320,7 @@ even for considerably large projects (100,000+ commits).
 
 However repacking the repository is necessary to improve data
 locality and access performance.  It can also take hours on extremely
-large projects (especially if -f and a large \--window parameter is
+large projects (especially if -f and a large --window parameter is
 used).  Since repacking is safe to run alongside readers and writers,
 run the repack in the background and let it finish when it finishes.
 There is no reason to wait to explore your new Git project!
@@ -1309,7 +1334,7 @@ Repacking Historical Data
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 If you are repacking very old imported data (e.g. older than the
 last year), consider expending some extra CPU time and supplying
-\--window=50 (or higher) when you run 'git repack'.
+--window=50 (or higher) when you run 'git repack'.
 This will take longer, but will also produce a smaller packfile.
 You only need to expend the effort once, and everyone using your
 project will benefit from the smaller repository.
@@ -1324,7 +1349,7 @@ Your users will feel better knowing how much of the data stream
 has been processed.
 
 
-Packfile Optimization
+PACKFILE OPTIMIZATION
 ---------------------
 When packing a blob fast-import always attempts to deltify against the last
 blob written.  Unless specifically arranged for by the frontend,
@@ -1355,7 +1380,7 @@ to force recomputation of all deltas can significantly reduce the
 final packfile size (30-50% smaller can be quite typical).
 
 
-Memory Utilization
+MEMORY UTILIZATION
 ------------------
 There are a number of factors which affect how much memory fast-import
 requires to perform an import.  Like critical sections of core
@@ -1411,7 +1436,7 @@ branch, their in-memory storage size can grow to a considerable size
 fast-import automatically moves active branches to inactive status based on
 a simple least-recently-used algorithm.  The LRU chain is updated on
 each `commit` command.  The maximum number of active branches can be
-increased or decreased on the command line with \--active-branches=.
+increased or decreased on the command line with --active-branches=.
 
 per active tree
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -1433,7 +1458,7 @@ and lazy loading of subtrees, allows fast-import to efficiently import
 projects with 2,000+ branches and 45,114+ files in a very limited
 memory footprint (less than 2.7 MiB per active branch).
 
-Signals
+SIGNALS
 -------
 Sending *SIGUSR1* to the 'git fast-import' process ends the current
 packfile early, simulating a `checkpoint` command.  The impatient
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
index 93b5067946..c975884793 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
@@ -41,13 +41,13 @@ OPTIONS
 	option, then the refs from stdin are processed after those
 	on the command line.
 +
-If '--stateless-rpc' is specified together with this option then
+If `--stateless-rpc` is specified together with this option then
 the list of refs must be in packet format (pkt-line). Each ref must
 be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet.
 
 -q::
 --quiet::
-	Pass '-q' flag to 'git unpack-objects'; this makes the
+	Pass `-q` flag to 'git unpack-objects'; this makes the
 	cloning process less verbose.
 
 -k::
@@ -80,13 +80,27 @@ be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet.
 	the things up in .bash_profile).
 
 --exec=<git-upload-pack>::
-	Same as \--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>.
+	Same as --upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>.
 
 --depth=<n>::
 	Limit fetching to ancestor-chains not longer than n.
 	'git-upload-pack' treats the special depth 2147483647 as
 	infinite even if there is an ancestor-chain that long.
 
+--shallow-since=<date>::
+	Deepen or shorten the history of a shallow repository to
+	include all reachable commits after <date>.
+
+--shallow-exclude=<revision>::
+	Deepen or shorten the history of a shallow repository to
+	exclude commits reachable from a specified remote branch or tag.
+	This option can be specified multiple times.
+
+--deepen-relative::
+	Argument --depth specifies the number of commits from the
+	current shallow boundary instead of from the tip of each
+	remote branch history.
+
 --no-progress::
 	Do not show the progress.
 
@@ -104,6 +118,10 @@ be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet.
 	The remote heads to update from. This is relative to
 	$GIT_DIR (e.g. "HEAD", "refs/heads/master").  When
 	unspecified, update from all heads the remote side has.
++
+If the remote has enabled the options `uploadpack.allowTipSHA1InWant`,
+`uploadpack.allowReachableSHA1InWant`, or `uploadpack.allowAnySHA1InWant`,
+they may alternatively be 40-hex sha1s present on the remote.
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
index 8deb61469d..e319935597 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ By default, any tag that points into the histories being fetched is
 also fetched; the effect is to fetch tags that
 point at branches that you are interested in.  This default behavior
 can be changed by using the --tags or --no-tags options or by
-configuring remote.<name>.tagopt.  By using a refspec that fetches tags
+configuring remote.<name>.tagOpt.  By using a refspec that fetches tags
 explicitly, you can fetch tags that do not point into branches you
 are interested in as well.
 
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ This configuration is used in two ways:
 * When `git fetch` is run without specifying what branches
   and/or tags to fetch on the command line, e.g. `git fetch origin`
   or `git fetch`, `remote.<repository>.fetch` values are used as
-  the refspecs---they specify which refs to fetch and which local refs
+  the refspecs--they specify which refs to fetch and which local refs
   to update.  The example above will fetch
   all branches that exist in the `origin` (i.e. any ref that matches
   the left-hand side of the value, `refs/heads/*`) and update the
@@ -99,6 +99,144 @@ The latter use of the `remote.<repository>.fetch` values can be
 overridden by giving the `--refmap=<refspec>` parameter(s) on the
 command line.
 
+PRUNING
+-------
+
+Git has a default disposition of keeping data unless it's explicitly
+thrown away; this extends to holding onto local references to branches
+on remotes that have themselves deleted those branches.
+
+If left to accumulate, these stale references might make performance
+worse on big and busy repos that have a lot of branch churn, and
+e.g. make the output of commands like `git branch -a --contains
+<commit>` needlessly verbose, as well as impacting anything else
+that'll work with the complete set of known references.
+
+These remote-tracking references can be deleted as a one-off with
+either of:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+# While fetching
+$ git fetch --prune <name>
+
+# Only prune, don't fetch
+$ git remote prune <name>
+------------------------------------------------
+
+To prune references as part of your normal workflow without needing to
+remember to run that, set `fetch.prune` globally, or
+`remote.<name>.prune` per-remote in the config. See
+linkgit:git-config[1].
+
+Here's where things get tricky and more specific. The pruning feature
+doesn't actually care about branches, instead it'll prune local <->
+remote-references as a function of the refspec of the remote (see
+`<refspec>` and <<CRTB,CONFIGURED REMOTE-TRACKING BRANCHES>> above).
+
+Therefore if the refspec for the remote includes
+e.g. `refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*`, or you manually run e.g. `git fetch
+--prune <name> "refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*"` it won't be stale remote
+tracking branches that are deleted, but any local tag that doesn't
+exist on the remote.
+
+This might not be what you expect, i.e. you want to prune remote
+`<name>`, but also explicitly fetch tags from it, so when you fetch
+from it you delete all your local tags, most of which may not have
+come from the `<name>` remote in the first place.
+
+So be careful when using this with a refspec like
+`refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*`, or any other refspec which might map
+references from multiple remotes to the same local namespace.
+
+Since keeping up-to-date with both branches and tags on the remote is
+a common use-case the `--prune-tags` option can be supplied along with
+`--prune` to prune local tags that don't exist on the remote, and
+force-update those tags that differ. Tag pruning can also be enabled
+with `fetch.pruneTags` or `remote.<name>.pruneTags` in the config. See
+linkgit:git-config[1].
+
+The `--prune-tags` option is equivalent to having
+`refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*` declared in the refspecs of the remote. This
+can lead to some seemingly strange interactions:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+# These both fetch tags
+$ git fetch --no-tags origin 'refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*'
+$ git fetch --no-tags --prune-tags origin
+------------------------------------------------
+
+The reason it doesn't error out when provided without `--prune` or its
+config versions is for flexibility of the configured versions, and to
+maintain a 1=1 mapping between what the command line flags do, and
+what the configuration versions do.
+
+It's reasonable to e.g. configure `fetch.pruneTags=true` in
+`~/.gitconfig` to have tags pruned whenever `git fetch --prune` is
+run, without making every invocation of `git fetch` without `--prune`
+an error.
+
+Pruning tags with `--prune-tags` also works when fetching a URL
+instead of a named remote. These will all prune tags not found on
+origin:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git fetch origin --prune --prune-tags
+$ git fetch origin --prune 'refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*'
+$ git fetch <url of origin> --prune --prune-tags
+$ git fetch <url of origin> --prune 'refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*'
+------------------------------------------------
+
+OUTPUT
+------
+
+The output of "git fetch" depends on the transport method used; this
+section describes the output when fetching over the Git protocol
+(either locally or via ssh) and Smart HTTP protocol.
+
+The status of the fetch is output in tabular form, with each line
+representing the status of a single ref. Each line is of the form:
+
+-------------------------------
+ <flag> <summary> <from> -> <to> [<reason>]
+-------------------------------
+
+The status of up-to-date refs is shown only if the --verbose option is
+used.
+
+In compact output mode, specified with configuration variable
+fetch.output, if either entire `<from>` or `<to>` is found in the
+other string, it will be substituted with `*` in the other string. For
+example, `master -> origin/master` becomes `master -> origin/*`.
+
+flag::
+	A single character indicating the status of the ref:
+(space);; for a successfully fetched fast-forward;
+`+`;; for a successful forced update;
+`-`;; for a successfully pruned ref;
+`t`;; for a successful tag update;
+`*`;; for a successfully fetched new ref;
+`!`;; for a ref that was rejected or failed to update; and
+`=`;; for a ref that was up to date and did not need fetching.
+
+summary::
+	For a successfully fetched ref, the summary shows the old and new
+	values of the ref in a form suitable for using as an argument to
+	`git log` (this is `<old>..<new>` in most cases, and
+	`<old>...<new>` for forced non-fast-forward updates).
+
+from::
+	The name of the remote ref being fetched from, minus its
+	`refs/<type>/` prefix. In the case of deletion, the name of
+	the remote ref is "(none)".
+
+to::
+	The name of the local ref being updated, minus its
+	`refs/<type>/` prefix.
+
+reason::
+	A human-readable explanation. In the case of successfully fetched
+	refs, no explanation is needed. For a failed ref, the reason for
+	failure is described.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
@@ -141,6 +279,8 @@ The first command fetches the `maint` branch from the repository at
 objects will eventually be removed by git's built-in housekeeping (see
 linkgit:git-gc[1]).
 
+include::transfer-data-leaks.txt[]
+
 BUGS
 ----
 Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked
diff --git a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
index 73fd9e8230..e6f08ab189 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ git-filter-branch - Rewrite branches
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git filter-branch' [--env-filter <command>] [--tree-filter <command>]
+'git filter-branch' [--setup <command>] [--subdirectory-filter <directory>]
+	[--env-filter <command>] [--tree-filter <command>]
 	[--index-filter <command>] [--parent-filter <command>]
 	[--msg-filter <command>] [--commit-filter <command>]
-	[--tag-name-filter <command>] [--subdirectory-filter <directory>]
-	[--prune-empty]
+	[--tag-name-filter <command>] [--prune-empty]
 	[--original <namespace>] [-d <directory>] [-f | --force]
-	[--] [<rev-list options>...]
+	[--state-branch <branch>] [--] [<rev-list options>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ if different from the rewritten ones, will be stored in the namespace
 
 Note that since this operation is very I/O expensive, it might
 be a good idea to redirect the temporary directory off-disk with the
-'-d' option, e.g. on tmpfs.  Reportedly the speedup is very noticeable.
+`-d` option, e.g. on tmpfs.  Reportedly the speedup is very noticeable.
 
 
 Filters
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ Filters
 The filters are applied in the order as listed below.  The <command>
 argument is always evaluated in the shell context using the 'eval' command
 (with the notable exception of the commit filter, for technical reasons).
-Prior to that, the $GIT_COMMIT environment variable will be set to contain
+Prior to that, the `$GIT_COMMIT` environment variable will be set to contain
 the id of the commit being rewritten.  Also, GIT_AUTHOR_NAME,
 GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL, GIT_AUTHOR_DATE, GIT_COMMITTER_NAME, GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL,
 and GIT_COMMITTER_DATE are taken from the current commit and exported to
@@ -82,12 +82,23 @@ multiple commits.
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
+--setup <command>::
+	This is not a real filter executed for each commit but a one
+	time setup just before the loop. Therefore no commit-specific
+	variables are defined yet.  Functions or variables defined here
+	can be used or modified in the following filter steps except
+	the commit filter, for technical reasons.
+
+--subdirectory-filter <directory>::
+	Only look at the history which touches the given subdirectory.
+	The result will contain that directory (and only that) as its
+	project root. Implies <<Remap_to_ancestor>>.
+
 --env-filter <command>::
 	This filter may be used if you only need to modify the environment
 	in which the commit will be performed.  Specifically, you might
 	want to rewrite the author/committer name/email/time environment
-	variables (see linkgit:git-commit-tree[1] for details).  Do not forget
-	to re-export the variables.
+	variables (see linkgit:git-commit-tree[1] for details).
 
 --tree-filter <command>::
 	This is the filter for rewriting the tree and its contents.
@@ -161,20 +172,13 @@ be removed, buyer beware. There is also no support for changing the
 author or timestamp (or the tag message for that matter). Tags which point
 to other tags will be rewritten to point to the underlying commit.
 
---subdirectory-filter <directory>::
-	Only look at the history which touches the given subdirectory.
-	The result will contain that directory (and only that) as its
-	project root. Implies <<Remap_to_ancestor>>.
-
 --prune-empty::
-	Some kind of filters will generate empty commits, that left the tree
-	untouched.  This switch allow git-filter-branch to ignore such
-	commits.  Though, this switch only applies for commits that have one
-	and only one parent, it will hence keep merges points. Also, this
-	option is not compatible with the use of '--commit-filter'. Though you
-	just need to use the function 'git_commit_non_empty_tree "$@"' instead
-	of the `git commit-tree "$@"` idiom in your commit filter to make that
-	happen.
+	Some filters will generate empty commits that leave the tree untouched.
+	This option instructs git-filter-branch to remove such commits if they
+	have exactly one or zero non-pruned parents; merge commits will
+	therefore remain intact.  This option cannot be used together with
+	`--commit-filter`, though the same effect can be achieved by using the
+	provided `git_commit_non_empty_tree` function in a commit filter.
 
 --original <namespace>::
 	Use this option to set the namespace where the original commits
@@ -194,10 +198,16 @@ to other tags will be rewritten to point to the underlying commit.
 	directory or when there are already refs starting with
 	'refs/original/', unless forced.
 
+--state-branch <branch>::
+	This option will cause the mapping from old to new objects to
+	be loaded from named branch upon startup and saved as a new
+	commit to that branch upon exit, enabling incremental of large
+	trees. If '<branch>' does not exist it will be created.
+
 <rev-list options>...::
 	Arguments for 'git rev-list'.  All positive refs included by
 	these options are rewritten.  You may also specify options
-	such as '--all', but you must use '--' to separate them from
+	such as `--all`, but you must use `--` to separate them from
 	the 'git filter-branch' options. Implies <<Remap_to_ancestor>>.
 
 
@@ -205,14 +215,22 @@ to other tags will be rewritten to point to the underlying commit.
 Remap to ancestor
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-By using linkgit:rev-list[1] arguments, e.g., path limiters, you can limit the
+By using linkgit:git-rev-list[1] arguments, e.g., path limiters, you can limit the
 set of revisions which get rewritten. However, positive refs on the command
 line are distinguished: we don't let them be excluded by such limiters. For
 this purpose, they are instead rewritten to point at the nearest ancestor that
 was not excluded.
 
 
-Examples
+EXIT STATUS
+-----------
+
+On success, the exit status is `0`.  If the filter can't find any commits to
+rewrite, the exit status is `2`.  On any other error, the exit status may be
+any other non-zero value.
+
+
+EXAMPLES
 --------
 
 Suppose you want to remove a file (containing confidential information
@@ -270,7 +288,7 @@ git filter-branch --parent-filter \
 or even simpler:
 
 -----------------------------------------------
-echo "$commit-id $graft-id" >> .git/info/grafts
+git replace --graft $commit-id $graft-id
 git filter-branch $graft-id..HEAD
 -----------------------------------------------
 
@@ -342,12 +360,10 @@ git filter-branch --env-filter '
 	if test "$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" = "root@localhost"
 	then
 		GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=john@example.com
-		export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
 	fi
 	if test "$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL" = "root@localhost"
 	then
 		GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=john@example.com
-		export GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL
 	fi
 ' -- --all
 --------------------------------------------------------
@@ -390,7 +406,7 @@ git filter-branch --index-filter \
 
 
 
-Checklist for Shrinking a Repository
+CHECKLIST FOR SHRINKING A REPOSITORY
 ------------------------------------
 
 git-filter-branch can be used to get rid of a subset of files,
@@ -429,7 +445,7 @@ warned.
   (or if your git-gc is not new enough to support arguments to
   `--prune`, use `git repack -ad; git prune` instead).
 
-Notes
+NOTES
 -----
 
 git-filter-branch allows you to make complex shell-scripted rewrites
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt b/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
index bb1232a52c..423b6e033b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-fmt-merge-msg - Produce a merge commit message
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git fmt-merge-msg' [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] <$GIT_DIR/FETCH_HEAD
+'git fmt-merge-msg' [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log]
 'git fmt-merge-msg' [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] -F <file>
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -51,22 +51,24 @@ OPTIONS
 
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
-
-merge.branchdesc::
-	In addition to branch names, populate the log message with
-	the branch description text associated with them.  Defaults
-	to false.
-
-merge.log::
-	In addition to branch names, populate the log message with at
-	most the specified number of one-line descriptions from the
-	actual commits that are being merged.  Defaults to false, and
-	true is a synonym for 20.
+include::fmt-merge-msg-config.txt[]
 
 merge.summary::
 	Synonym to `merge.log`; this is deprecated and will be removed in
 	the future.
 
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+---------
+$ git fetch origin master
+$ git fmt-merge-msg --log <$GIT_DIR/FETCH_HEAD
+---------
+
+Print a log message describing a merge of the "master" branch from
+the "origin" remote.
+
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-merge[1]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
index 42408752d0..901faef1bf 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ SYNOPSIS
 [verse]
 'git for-each-ref' [--count=<count>] [--shell|--perl|--python|--tcl]
 		   [(--sort=<key>)...] [--format=<format>] [<pattern>...]
+		   [--points-at=<object>]
+		   (--merged[=<object>] | --no-merged[=<object>])
+		   [--contains[=<object>]] [--no-contains[=<object>]]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -23,35 +26,41 @@ host language allowing their direct evaluation in that language.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
-<count>::
+<pattern>...::
+	If one or more patterns are given, only refs are shown that
+	match against at least one pattern, either using fnmatch(3) or
+	literally, in the latter case matching completely or from the
+	beginning up to a slash.
+
+--count=<count>::
 	By default the command shows all refs that match
 	`<pattern>`.  This option makes it stop after showing
 	that many refs.
 
-<key>::
+--sort=<key>::
 	A field name to sort on.  Prefix `-` to sort in
 	descending order of the value.  When unspecified,
 	`refname` is used.  You may use the --sort=<key> option
 	multiple times, in which case the last key becomes the primary
 	key.
 
-<format>::
-	A string that interpolates `%(fieldname)` from the
-	object pointed at by a ref being shown.  If `fieldname`
+--format=<format>::
+	A string that interpolates `%(fieldname)` from a ref being shown
+	and the object it points at.  If `fieldname`
 	is prefixed with an asterisk (`*`) and the ref points
-	at a tag object, the value for the field in the object
-	tag refers is used.  When unspecified, defaults to
+	at a tag object, use the value for the field in the object
+	which the tag object refers to (instead of the field in the tag object).
+	When unspecified, `<format>` defaults to
 	`%(objectname) SPC %(objecttype) TAB %(refname)`.
 	It also interpolates `%%` to `%`, and `%xx` where `xx`
 	are hex digits interpolates to character with hex code
 	`xx`; for example `%00` interpolates to `\0` (NUL),
 	`%09` to `\t` (TAB) and `%0a` to `\n` (LF).
 
-<pattern>...::
-	If one or more patterns are given, only refs are shown that
-	match against at least one pattern, either using fnmatch(3) or
-	literally, in the latter case matching completely or from the
-	beginning up to a slash.
+--color[=<when>]::
+	Respect any colors specified in the `--format` option. The
+	`<when>` field must be one of `always`, `never`, or `auto` (if
+	`<when>` is absent, behave as if `always` was given).
 
 --shell::
 --perl::
@@ -62,6 +71,29 @@ OPTIONS
 	the specified host language.  This is meant to produce
 	a scriptlet that can directly be `eval`ed.
 
+--points-at=<object>::
+	Only list refs which points at the given object.
+
+--merged[=<object>]::
+	Only list refs whose tips are reachable from the
+	specified commit (HEAD if not specified),
+	incompatible with `--no-merged`.
+
+--no-merged[=<object>]::
+	Only list refs whose tips are not reachable from the
+	specified commit (HEAD if not specified),
+	incompatible with `--merged`.
+
+--contains[=<object>]::
+	Only list refs which contain the specified commit (HEAD if not
+	specified).
+
+--no-contains[=<object>]::
+	Only list refs which don't contain the specified commit (HEAD
+	if not specified).
+
+--ignore-case::
+	Sorting and filtering refs are case insensitive.
 
 FIELD NAMES
 -----------
@@ -76,7 +108,20 @@ refname::
 	The name of the ref (the part after $GIT_DIR/).
 	For a non-ambiguous short name of the ref append `:short`.
 	The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
-	abbreviation mode.
+	abbreviation mode. If `lstrip=<N>` (`rstrip=<N>`) is appended, strips `<N>`
+	slash-separated path components from the front (back) of the refname
+	(e.g. `%(refname:lstrip=2)` turns `refs/tags/foo` into `foo` and
+	`%(refname:rstrip=2)` turns `refs/tags/foo` into `refs`).
+	If `<N>` is a negative number, strip as many path components as
+	necessary from the specified end to leave `-<N>` path components
+	(e.g. `%(refname:lstrip=-2)` turns
+	`refs/tags/foo` into `tags/foo` and `%(refname:rstrip=-1)`
+	turns `refs/tags/foo` into `refs`). When the ref does not have
+	enough components, the result becomes an empty string if
+	stripping with positive <N>, or it becomes the full refname if
+	stripping with negative <N>.  Neither is an error.
++
+`strip` can be used as a synonym to `lstrip`.
 
 objecttype::
 	The type of the object (`blob`, `tree`, `commit`, `tag`).
@@ -87,28 +132,92 @@ objectsize::
 objectname::
 	The object name (aka SHA-1).
 	For a non-ambiguous abbreviation of the object name append `:short`.
+	For an abbreviation of the object name with desired length append
+	`:short=<length>`, where the minimum length is MINIMUM_ABBREV. The
+	length may be exceeded to ensure unique object names.
 
 upstream::
 	The name of a local ref which can be considered ``upstream''
-	from the displayed ref. Respects `:short` in the same way as
-	`refname` above.  Additionally respects `:track` to show
-	"[ahead N, behind M]" and `:trackshort` to show the terse
-	version: ">" (ahead), "<" (behind), "<>" (ahead and behind),
-	or "=" (in sync).  Has no effect if the ref does not have
-	tracking information associated with it.
+	from the displayed ref. Respects `:short`, `:lstrip` and
+	`:rstrip` in the same way as `refname` above.  Additionally
+	respects `:track` to show "[ahead N, behind M]" and
+	`:trackshort` to show the terse version: ">" (ahead), "<"
+	(behind), "<>" (ahead and behind), or "=" (in sync). `:track`
+	also prints "[gone]" whenever unknown upstream ref is
+	encountered. Append `:track,nobracket` to show tracking
+	information without brackets (i.e "ahead N, behind M").
++
+For any remote-tracking branch `%(upstream)`, `%(upstream:remotename)`
+and `%(upstream:remoteref)` refer to the name of the remote and the
+name of the tracked remote ref, respectively. In other words, the
+remote-tracking branch can be updated explicitly and individually by
+using the refspec `%(upstream:remoteref):%(upstream)` to fetch from
+`%(upstream:remotename)`.
++
+Has no effect if the ref does not have tracking information associated
+with it.  All the options apart from `nobracket` are mutually exclusive,
+but if used together the last option is selected.
+
+push::
+	The name of a local ref which represents the `@{push}`
+	location for the displayed ref. Respects `:short`, `:lstrip`,
+	`:rstrip`, `:track`, `:trackshort`, `:remotename`, and `:remoteref`
+	options as `upstream` does. Produces an empty string if no `@{push}`
+	ref is configured.
 
 HEAD::
 	'*' if HEAD matches current ref (the checked out branch), ' '
 	otherwise.
 
 color::
-	Change output color.  Followed by `:<colorname>`, where names
-	are described in `color.branch.*`.
+	Change output color. Followed by `:<colorname>`, where color
+	names are described under Values in the "CONFIGURATION FILE"
+	section of linkgit:git-config[1].  For example,
+	`%(color:bold red)`.
+
+align::
+	Left-, middle-, or right-align the content between
+	%(align:...) and %(end). The "align:" is followed by
+	`width=<width>` and `position=<position>` in any order
+	separated by a comma, where the `<position>` is either left,
+	right or middle, default being left and `<width>` is the total
+	length of the content with alignment. For brevity, the
+	"width=" and/or "position=" prefixes may be omitted, and bare
+	<width> and <position> used instead.  For instance,
+	`%(align:<width>,<position>)`. If the contents length is more
+	than the width then no alignment is performed. If used with
+	`--quote` everything in between %(align:...) and %(end) is
+	quoted, but if nested then only the topmost level performs
+	quoting.
+
+if::
+	Used as %(if)...%(then)...%(end) or
+	%(if)...%(then)...%(else)...%(end).  If there is an atom with
+	value or string literal after the %(if) then everything after
+	the %(then) is printed, else if the %(else) atom is used, then
+	everything after %(else) is printed. We ignore space when
+	evaluating the string before %(then), this is useful when we
+	use the %(HEAD) atom which prints either "*" or " " and we
+	want to apply the 'if' condition only on the 'HEAD' ref.
+	Append ":equals=<string>" or ":notequals=<string>" to compare
+	the value between the %(if:...) and %(then) atoms with the
+	given string.
+
+symref::
+	The ref which the given symbolic ref refers to. If not a
+	symbolic ref, nothing is printed. Respects the `:short`,
+	`:lstrip` and `:rstrip` options in the same way as `refname`
+	above.
 
 In addition to the above, for commit and tag objects, the header
 field names (`tree`, `parent`, `object`, `type`, and `tag`) can
 be used to specify the value in the header field.
 
+For commit and tag objects, the special `creatordate` and `creator`
+fields will correspond to the appropriate date or name-email-date tuple
+from the `committer` or `tagger` fields depending on the object type.
+These are intended for working on a mix of annotated and lightweight tags.
+
 Fields that have name-email-date tuple as its value (`author`,
 `committer`, and `tagger`) can be suffixed with `name`, `email`,
 and `date` to extract the named component.
@@ -116,21 +225,38 @@ and `date` to extract the named component.
 The complete message in a commit and tag object is `contents`.
 Its first line is `contents:subject`, where subject is the concatenation
 of all lines of the commit message up to the first blank line.  The next
-line is 'contents:body', where body is all of the lines after the first
-blank line.  Finally, the optional GPG signature is `contents:signature`.
-
-For sorting purposes, fields with numeric values sort in numeric
-order (`objectsize`, `authordate`, `committerdate`, `taggerdate`).
+line is `contents:body`, where body is all of the lines after the first
+blank line.  The optional GPG signature is `contents:signature`.  The
+first `N` lines of the message is obtained using `contents:lines=N`.
+Additionally, the trailers as interpreted by linkgit:git-interpret-trailers[1]
+are obtained as `trailers` (or by using the historical alias
+`contents:trailers`).  Non-trailer lines from the trailer block can be omitted
+with `trailers:only`. Whitespace-continuations can be removed from trailers so
+that each trailer appears on a line by itself with its full content with
+`trailers:unfold`. Both can be used together as `trailers:unfold,only`.
+
+For sorting purposes, fields with numeric values sort in numeric order
+(`objectsize`, `authordate`, `committerdate`, `creatordate`, `taggerdate`).
 All other fields are used to sort in their byte-value order.
 
+There is also an option to sort by versions, this can be done by using
+the fieldname `version:refname` or its alias `v:refname`.
+
 In any case, a field name that refers to a field inapplicable to
 the object referred by the ref does not cause an error.  It
 returns an empty string instead.
 
 As a special case for the date-type fields, you may specify a format for
-the date by adding one of `:default`, `:relative`, `:short`, `:local`,
-`:iso8601`, `:rfc2822` or `:raw` to the end of the fieldname; e.g.
-`%(taggerdate:relative)`.
+the date by adding `:` followed by date format name (see the
+values the `--date` option to linkgit:git-rev-list[1] takes).
+
+Some atoms like %(align) and %(if) always require a matching %(end).
+We call them "opening atoms" and sometimes denote them as %($open).
+
+When a scripting language specific quoting is in effect, everything
+between a top-level opening atom and its matching %(end) is evaluated
+according to the semantics of the opening atom and only its result
+from the top-level is quoted.
 
 
 EXAMPLES
@@ -219,6 +345,22 @@ eval=`git for-each-ref --shell --format="$fmt" \
 eval "$eval"
 ------------
 
+
+An example to show the usage of %(if)...%(then)...%(else)...%(end).
+This prefixes the current branch with a star.
+
+------------
+git for-each-ref --format="%(if)%(HEAD)%(then)* %(else)  %(end)%(refname:short)" refs/heads/
+------------
+
+
+An example to show the usage of %(if)...%(then)...%(end).
+This prints the authorname, if present.
+
+------------
+git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)%(if)%(authorname)%(then) Authored by: %(authorname)%(end)"
+------------
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-show-ref[1]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
index c0fd470da4..b41e1329a7 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
@@ -19,9 +19,11 @@ SYNOPSIS
 		   [--start-number <n>] [--numbered-files]
 		   [--in-reply-to=Message-Id] [--suffix=.<sfx>]
 		   [--ignore-if-in-upstream]
-		   [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix] [(--reroll-count|-v) <n>]
+		   [--rfc] [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix]
+		   [(--reroll-count|-v) <n>]
 		   [--to=<email>] [--cc=<email>]
 		   [--[no-]cover-letter] [--quiet] [--notes[=<ref>]]
+		   [--progress]
 		   [<common diff options>]
 		   [ <since> | <revision range> ]
 
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ There are two ways to specify which commits to operate on.
 
 The first rule takes precedence in the case of a single <commit>.  To
 apply the second rule, i.e., format everything since the beginning of
-history up until <commit>, use the '\--root' option: `git format-patch
+history up until <commit>, use the `--root` option: `git format-patch
 --root <commit>`.  If you want to format only <commit> itself, you
 can do this with `git format-patch -1 <commit>`.
 
@@ -57,7 +59,11 @@ The names of the output files are printed to standard
 output, unless the `--stdout` option is specified.
 
 If `-o` is specified, output files are created in <dir>.  Otherwise
-they are created in the current working directory.
+they are created in the current working directory. The default path
+can be set with the `format.outputDirectory` configuration option.
+The `-o` option takes precedence over `format.outputDirectory`.
+To store patches in the current working directory even when
+`format.outputDirectory` points elsewhere, use `-o .`.
 
 By default, the subject of a single patch is "[PATCH] " followed by
 the concatenation of lines from the commit message up to the first blank
@@ -109,6 +115,7 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
 --signoff::
 	Add `Signed-off-by:` line to the commit message, using
 	the committer identity of yourself.
+	See the signoff option in linkgit:git-commit[1] for more information.
 
 --stdout::
 	Print all commits to the standard output in mbox format,
@@ -141,9 +148,9 @@ series, where the head is chosen from the cover letter, the
 `--in-reply-to`, and the first patch mail, in this order.  'deep'
 threading makes every mail a reply to the previous one.
 +
-The default is `--no-thread`, unless the 'format.thread' configuration
+The default is `--no-thread`, unless the `format.thread` configuration
 is set.  If `--thread` is specified without a style, it defaults to the
-style specified by 'format.thread' if any, or else `shallow`.
+style specified by `format.thread` if any, or else `shallow`.
 +
 Beware that the default for 'git send-email' is to thread emails
 itself.  If you want `git format-patch` to take care of threading, you
@@ -167,10 +174,15 @@ will want to ensure that threading is disabled for `git send-email`.
 	allows for useful naming of a patch series, and can be
 	combined with the `--numbered` option.
 
+--rfc::
+	Alias for `--subject-prefix="RFC PATCH"`. RFC means "Request For
+	Comments"; use this when sending an experimental patch for
+	discussion rather than application.
+
 -v <n>::
 --reroll-count=<n>::
 	Mark the series as the <n>-th iteration of the topic. The
-	output filenames have `v<n>` pretended to them, and the
+	output filenames have `v<n>` prepended to them, and the
 	subject prefix ("PATCH" by default, but configurable via the
 	`--subject-prefix` option) has ` v<n>` appended to it.  E.g.
 	`--reroll-count=4` may produce `v4-0001-add-makefile.patch`
@@ -213,7 +225,7 @@ feeding the result to `git send-email`.
 
 --[no-]cover-letter::
 	In addition to the patches, generate a cover letter file
-	containing the shortlog and the overall diffstat.  You can
+	containing the branch description, shortlog and the overall diffstat.  You can
 	fill in a description in the file before sending it out.
 
 --notes[=<ref>]::
@@ -228,7 +240,7 @@ keeping them as Git notes allows them to be maintained between versions
 of the patch series (but see the discussion of the `notes.rewrite`
 configuration options in linkgit:git-notes[1] to use this workflow).
 
---[no]-signature=<signature>::
+--[no-]signature=<signature>::
 	Add a signature to each message produced. Per RFC 3676 the signature
 	is separated from the body by a line with '-- ' on it. If the
 	signature option is omitted the signature defaults to the Git version
@@ -256,6 +268,15 @@ you can use `--suffix=-patch` to get `0001-description-of-my-change-patch`.
 	using this option cannot be applied properly, but they are
 	still useful for code review.
 
+--zero-commit::
+  Output an all-zero hash in each patch's From header instead
+  of the hash of the commit.
+
+--base=<commit>::
+	Record the base tree information to identify the state the
+	patch series applies to.  See the BASE TREE INFORMATION section
+	below for details.
+
 --root::
 	Treat the revision argument as a <revision range>, even if it
 	is just a single commit (that would normally be treated as a
@@ -263,6 +284,9 @@ you can use `--suffix=-patch` to get `0001-description-of-my-change-patch`.
 	range are always formatted as creation patches, independently
 	of this flag.
 
+--progress::
+	Show progress reports on stderr as patches are generated.
+
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 You can specify extra mail header lines to be added to each message,
@@ -273,13 +297,13 @@ attachments, and sign off patches with configuration variables.
 ------------
 [format]
 	headers = "Organization: git-foo\n"
-	subjectprefix = CHANGE
+	subjectPrefix = CHANGE
 	suffix = .txt
 	numbered = auto
 	to = <email>
 	cc = <email>
 	attach [ = mime-boundary-string ]
-	signoff = true
+	signOff = true
 	coverletter = auto
 ------------
 
@@ -511,6 +535,61 @@ This should help you to submit patches inline using KMail.
 5. Back in the compose window: add whatever other text you wish to the
    message, complete the addressing and subject fields, and press send.
 
+BASE TREE INFORMATION
+---------------------
+
+The base tree information block is used for maintainers or third party
+testers to know the exact state the patch series applies to. It consists
+of the 'base commit', which is a well-known commit that is part of the
+stable part of the project history everybody else works off of, and zero
+or more 'prerequisite patches', which are well-known patches in flight
+that is not yet part of the 'base commit' that need to be applied on top
+of 'base commit' in topological order before the patches can be applied.
+
+The 'base commit' is shown as "base-commit: " followed by the 40-hex of
+the commit object name.  A 'prerequisite patch' is shown as
+"prerequisite-patch-id: " followed by the 40-hex 'patch id', which can
+be obtained by passing the patch through the `git patch-id --stable`
+command.
+
+Imagine that on top of the public commit P, you applied well-known
+patches X, Y and Z from somebody else, and then built your three-patch
+series A, B, C, the history would be like:
+
+................................................
+---P---X---Y---Z---A---B---C
+................................................
+
+With `git format-patch --base=P -3 C` (or variants thereof, e.g. with
+`--cover-letter` or using `Z..C` instead of `-3 C` to specify the
+range), the base tree information block is shown at the end of the
+first message the command outputs (either the first patch, or the
+cover letter), like this:
+
+------------
+base-commit: P
+prerequisite-patch-id: X
+prerequisite-patch-id: Y
+prerequisite-patch-id: Z
+------------
+
+For non-linear topology, such as
+
+................................................
+---P---X---A---M---C
+    \         /
+     Y---Z---B
+................................................
+
+You can also use `git format-patch --base=P -3 C` to generate patches
+for A, B and C, and the identifiers for P, X, Y, Z are appended at the
+end of the first message.
+
+If set `--base=auto` in cmdline, it will track base commit automatically,
+the base commit will be the merge base of tip commit of the remote-tracking
+branch and revision-range specified in cmdline.
+For a local branch, you need to track a remote branch by `git branch
+--set-upstream-to` before using this option.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
index 25c431d3c5..ab9a93fb9b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 [verse]
 'git fsck' [--tags] [--root] [--unreachable] [--cache] [--no-reflogs]
 	 [--[no-]full] [--strict] [--verbose] [--lost-found]
-	 [--[no-]dangling] [--[no-]progress] [<object>*]
+	 [--[no-]dangling] [--[no-]progress] [--connectivity-only]
+	 [--[no-]name-objects] [<object>*]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -60,6 +61,11 @@ index file, all SHA-1 references in `refs` namespace, and all reflogs
 	object pools.  This is now default; you can turn it off
 	with --no-full.
 
+--connectivity-only::
+	Check only the connectivity of tags, commits and tree objects. By
+	avoiding to unpack blobs, this speeds up the operation, at the
+	expense of missing corrupt objects or other problematic issues.
+
 --strict::
 	Enable more strict checking, namely to catch a file mode
 	recorded with g+w bit set, which was created by older
@@ -77,6 +83,12 @@ index file, all SHA-1 references in `refs` namespace, and all reflogs
 	a blob, the contents are written into the file, rather than
 	its object name.
 
+--name-objects::
+	When displaying names of reachable objects, in addition to the
+	SHA-1 also display a name that describes *how* they are reachable,
+	compatible with linkgit:git-rev-parse[1], e.g.
+	`HEAD@{1234567890}~25^2:src/`.
+
 --[no-]progress::
 	Progress status is reported on the standard error stream by
 	default when it is attached to a terminal, unless
@@ -90,7 +102,7 @@ DISCUSSION
 git-fsck tests SHA-1 and general object sanity, and it does full tracking
 of the resulting reachability and everything else. It prints out any
 corruption it finds (missing or bad objects), and if you use the
-'--unreachable' flag it will also print out objects that exist but that
+`--unreachable` flag it will also print out objects that exist but that
 aren't reachable from any of the specified head nodes (or the default
 set, as mentioned above).
 
@@ -98,6 +110,9 @@ Any corrupt objects you will have to find in backups or other archives
 (i.e., you can just remove them and do an 'rsync' with some other site in
 the hopes that somebody else has the object you have corrupted).
 
+If core.commitGraph is true, the commit-graph file will also be inspected
+using 'git commit-graph verify'. See linkgit:git-commit-graph[1].
+
 Extracted Diagnostics
 ---------------------
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-gc.txt b/Documentation/git-gc.txt
index 273c4663c8..f5bc98ccb3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-gc.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-gc.txt
@@ -9,14 +9,15 @@ git-gc - Cleanup unnecessary files and optimize the local repository
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git gc' [--aggressive] [--auto] [--quiet] [--prune=<date> | --no-prune] [--force]
+'git gc' [--aggressive] [--auto] [--quiet] [--prune=<date> | --no-prune] [--force] [--keep-largest-pack]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Runs a number of housekeeping tasks within the current repository,
 such as compressing file revisions (to reduce disk space and increase
-performance) and removing unreachable objects which may have been
-created from prior invocations of 'git add'.
+performance), removing unreachable objects which may have been
+created from prior invocations of 'git add', packing refs, pruning
+reflog, rerere metadata or stale working trees.
 
 Users are encouraged to run this task on a regular basis within
 each repository to maintain good disk space utilization and good
@@ -45,26 +46,39 @@ OPTIONS
 	With this option, 'git gc' checks whether any housekeeping is
 	required; if not, it exits without performing any work.
 	Some git commands run `git gc --auto` after performing
-	operations that could create many loose objects.
+	operations that could create many loose objects. Housekeeping
+	is required if there are too many loose objects or too many
+	packs in the repository.
 +
-Housekeeping is required if there are too many loose objects or
-too many packs in the repository. If the number of loose objects
-exceeds the value of the `gc.auto` configuration variable, then
-all loose objects are combined into a single pack using
-`git repack -d -l`.  Setting the value of `gc.auto` to 0
-disables automatic packing of loose objects.
+If the number of loose objects exceeds the value of the `gc.auto`
+configuration variable, then all loose objects are combined into a
+single pack using `git repack -d -l`.  Setting the value of `gc.auto`
+to 0 disables automatic packing of loose objects.
 +
-If the number of packs exceeds the value of `gc.autopacklimit`,
-then existing packs (except those marked with a `.keep` file)
+If the number of packs exceeds the value of `gc.autoPackLimit`,
+then existing packs (except those marked with a `.keep` file
+or over `gc.bigPackThreshold` limit)
 are consolidated into a single pack by using the `-A` option of
-'git repack'. Setting `gc.autopacklimit` to 0 disables
-automatic consolidation of packs.
+'git repack'.
+If the amount of memory is estimated not enough for `git repack` to
+run smoothly and `gc.bigPackThreshold` is not set, the largest
+pack will also be excluded (this is the equivalent of running `git gc`
+with `--keep-base-pack`).
+Setting `gc.autoPackLimit` to 0 disables automatic consolidation of
+packs.
++
+If houskeeping is required due to many loose objects or packs, all
+other housekeeping tasks (e.g. rerere, working trees, reflog...) will
+be performed as well.
+
 
 --prune=<date>::
 	Prune loose objects older than date (default is 2 weeks ago,
 	overridable by the config variable `gc.pruneExpire`).
-	--prune=all prunes loose objects regardless of their age.
-	--prune is on by default.
+	--prune=all prunes loose objects regardless of their age and
+	increases the risk of corruption if another process is writing to
+	the repository concurrently; see "NOTES" below. --prune is on by
+	default.
 
 --no-prune::
 	Do not prune any loose objects.
@@ -76,16 +90,21 @@ automatic consolidation of packs.
 	Force `git gc` to run even if there may be another `git gc`
 	instance running on this repository.
 
-Configuration
+--keep-largest-pack::
+	All packs except the largest pack and those marked with a
+	`.keep` files are consolidated into a single pack. When this
+	option is used, `gc.bigPackThreshold` is ignored.
+
+CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 
-The optional configuration variable 'gc.reflogExpire' can be
+The optional configuration variable `gc.reflogExpire` can be
 set to indicate how long historical entries within each branch's
 reflog should remain available in this repository.  The setting is
 expressed as a length of time, for example '90 days' or '3 months'.
 It defaults to '90 days'.
 
-The optional configuration variable 'gc.reflogExpireUnreachable'
+The optional configuration variable `gc.reflogExpireUnreachable`
 can be set to indicate how long historical reflog entries which
 are not part of the current branch should remain available in
 this repository.  These types of entries are generally created as
@@ -101,51 +120,78 @@ branches:
 ------------
 [gc "refs/remotes/*"]
 	reflogExpire = never
-	reflogexpireUnreachable = 3 days
+	reflogExpireUnreachable = 3 days
 ------------
 
-The optional configuration variable 'gc.rerereresolved' indicates
+The optional configuration variable `gc.rerereResolved` indicates
 how long records of conflicted merge you resolved earlier are
 kept.  This defaults to 60 days.
 
-The optional configuration variable 'gc.rerereunresolved' indicates
+The optional configuration variable `gc.rerereUnresolved` indicates
 how long records of conflicted merge you have not resolved are
 kept.  This defaults to 15 days.
 
-The optional configuration variable 'gc.packrefs' determines if
+The optional configuration variable `gc.packRefs` determines if
 'git gc' runs 'git pack-refs'. This can be set to "notbare" to enable
 it within all non-bare repos or it can be set to a boolean value.
 This defaults to true.
 
-The optional configuration variable 'gc.aggressiveWindow' controls how
+The optional configuration variable `gc.commitGraph` determines if
+'git gc' should run 'git commit-graph write'. This can be set to a
+boolean value. This defaults to false.
+
+The optional configuration variable `gc.aggressiveWindow` controls how
 much time is spent optimizing the delta compression of the objects in
 the repository when the --aggressive option is specified.  The larger
 the value, the more time is spent optimizing the delta compression.  See
-the documentation for the --window' option in linkgit:git-repack[1] for
+the documentation for the --window option in linkgit:git-repack[1] for
 more details.  This defaults to 250.
 
-Similarly, the optional configuration variable 'gc.aggressiveDepth'
-controls --depth option in linkgit:git-repack[1]. This defaults to 250.
+Similarly, the optional configuration variable `gc.aggressiveDepth`
+controls --depth option in linkgit:git-repack[1]. This defaults to 50.
 
-The optional configuration variable 'gc.pruneExpire' controls how old
+The optional configuration variable `gc.pruneExpire` controls how old
 the unreferenced loose objects have to be before they are pruned.  The
 default is "2 weeks ago".
 
+Optional configuration variable `gc.worktreePruneExpire` controls how
+old a stale working tree should be before `git worktree prune` deletes
+it. Default is "3 months ago".
+
 
-Notes
+NOTES
 -----
 
-'git gc' tries very hard to be safe about the garbage it collects. In
+'git gc' tries very hard not to delete objects that are referenced
+anywhere in your repository. In
 particular, it will keep not only objects referenced by your current set
 of branches and tags, but also objects referenced by the index,
 remote-tracking branches, refs saved by 'git filter-branch' in
 refs/original/, or reflogs (which may reference commits in branches
 that were later amended or rewound).
-
-If you are expecting some objects to be collected and they aren't, check
+If you are expecting some objects to be deleted and they aren't, check
 all of those locations and decide whether it makes sense in your case to
 remove those references.
 
+On the other hand, when 'git gc' runs concurrently with another process,
+there is a risk of it deleting an object that the other process is using
+but hasn't created a reference to. This may just cause the other process
+to fail or may corrupt the repository if the other process later adds a
+reference to the deleted object. Git has two features that significantly
+mitigate this problem:
+
+. Any object with modification time newer than the `--prune` date is kept,
+  along with everything reachable from it.
+
+. Most operations that add an object to the database update the
+  modification time of the object if it is already present so that #1
+  applies.
+
+However, these features fall short of a complete solution, so users who
+run commands concurrently have to live with some risk of corruption (which
+seems to be low in practice) unless they turn off automatic garbage
+collection with 'git config gc.auto 0'.
+
 HOOKS
 -----
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-get-tar-commit-id.txt b/Documentation/git-get-tar-commit-id.txt
index 1e2a20dd26..ac44d85b0b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-get-tar-commit-id.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-get-tar-commit-id.txt
@@ -9,17 +9,19 @@ git-get-tar-commit-id - Extract commit ID from an archive created using git-arch
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git get-tar-commit-id' < <tarfile>
+'git get-tar-commit-id'
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Acts as a filter, extracting the commit ID stored in archives created by
-'git archive'.  It reads only the first 1024 bytes of input, thus its
-runtime is not influenced by the size of <tarfile> very much.
+
+Read a tar archive created by 'git archive' from the standard input
+and extract the commit ID stored in it.  It reads only the first
+1024 bytes of input, thus its runtime is not influenced by the size
+of the tar archive very much.
 
 If no commit ID is found, 'git get-tar-commit-id' quietly exists with a
-return code of 1.  This can happen if <tarfile> had not been created
+return code of 1.  This can happen if the archive had not been created
 using 'git archive' or if the first parameter of 'git archive' had been
 a tree ID instead of a commit ID or tag.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-grep.txt b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
index 31811f16bd..a3049af1a3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-grep.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
@@ -13,18 +13,20 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	   [-v | --invert-match] [-h|-H] [--full-name]
 	   [-E | --extended-regexp] [-G | --basic-regexp]
 	   [-P | --perl-regexp]
-	   [-F | --fixed-strings] [-n | --line-number]
+	   [-F | --fixed-strings] [-n | --line-number] [--column]
 	   [-l | --files-with-matches] [-L | --files-without-match]
 	   [(-O | --open-files-in-pager) [<pager>]]
 	   [-z | --null]
-	   [-c | --count] [--all-match] [-q | --quiet]
+	   [ -o | --only-matching ] [-c | --count] [--all-match] [-q | --quiet]
 	   [--max-depth <depth>]
 	   [--color[=<when>] | --no-color]
 	   [--break] [--heading] [-p | --show-function]
 	   [-A <post-context>] [-B <pre-context>] [-C <context>]
 	   [-W | --function-context]
+	   [--threads <num>]
 	   [-f <file>] [-e] <pattern>
 	   [--and|--or|--not|(|)|-e <pattern>...]
+	   [--recurse-submodules] [--parent-basename <basename>]
 	   [ [--[no-]exclude-standard] [--cached | --no-index | --untracked] | <tree>...]
 	   [--] [<pathspec>...]
 
@@ -40,21 +42,32 @@ CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 
 grep.lineNumber::
-	If set to true, enable '-n' option by default.
+	If set to true, enable `-n` option by default.
+
+grep.column::
+	If set to true, enable the `--column` option by default.
 
 grep.patternType::
 	Set the default matching behavior. Using a value of 'basic', 'extended',
-	'fixed', or 'perl' will enable the '--basic-regexp', '--extended-regexp',
-	'--fixed-strings', or '--perl-regexp' option accordingly, while the
+	'fixed', or 'perl' will enable the `--basic-regexp`, `--extended-regexp`,
+	`--fixed-strings`, or `--perl-regexp` option accordingly, while the
 	value 'default' will return to the default matching behavior.
 
 grep.extendedRegexp::
-	If set to true, enable '--extended-regexp' option by default. This
-	option is ignored when the 'grep.patternType' option is set to a value
+	If set to true, enable `--extended-regexp` option by default. This
+	option is ignored when the `grep.patternType` option is set to a value
 	other than 'default'.
 
+grep.threads::
+	Number of grep worker threads to use.  If unset (or set to 0),
+	8 threads are used by default (for now).
+
 grep.fullName::
-	If set to true, enable '--full-name' option by default.
+	If set to true, enable `--full-name` option by default.
+
+grep.fallbackToNoIndex::
+	If set to true, fall back to git grep --no-index if git grep
+	is executed outside of a git repository.  Defaults to false.
 
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -79,6 +92,12 @@ OPTIONS
 	mechanism.  Only useful when searching files in the current directory
 	with `--no-index`.
 
+--recurse-submodules::
+	Recursively search in each submodule that has been initialized and
+	checked out in the repository.  When used in combination with the
+	<tree> option the prefix of all submodule output will be the name of
+	the parent project's <tree> object.
+
 -a::
 --text::
 	Process binary files as if they were text.
@@ -138,8 +157,11 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -P::
 --perl-regexp::
-	Use Perl-compatible regexp for patterns. Requires libpcre to be
-	compiled in.
+	Use Perl-compatible regular expressions for patterns.
++
+Support for these types of regular expressions is an optional
+compile-time dependency. If Git wasn't compiled with support for them
+providing this option will cause it to die.
 
 -F::
 --fixed-strings::
@@ -150,6 +172,10 @@ OPTIONS
 --line-number::
 	Prefix the line number to matching lines.
 
+--column::
+	Prefix the 1-indexed byte-offset of the first match from the start of the
+	matching line.
+
 -l::
 --files-with-matches::
 --name-only::
@@ -160,18 +186,26 @@ OPTIONS
 	For better compatibility with 'git diff', `--name-only` is a
 	synonym for `--files-with-matches`.
 
--O [<pager>]::
---open-files-in-pager [<pager>]::
+-O[<pager>]::
+--open-files-in-pager[=<pager>]::
 	Open the matching files in the pager (not the output of 'grep').
 	If the pager happens to be "less" or "vi", and the user
 	specified only one pattern, the first file is positioned at
-	the first match automatically.
+	the first match automatically. The `pager` argument is
+	optional; if specified, it must be stuck to the option
+	without a space. If `pager` is unspecified, the default pager
+	will be used (see `core.pager` in linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 -z::
 --null::
 	Output \0 instead of the character that normally follows a
 	file name.
 
+-o::
+--only-matching::
+	Print only the matched (non-empty) parts of a matching line, with each such
+	part on a separate output line.
+
 -c::
 --count::
 	Instead of showing every matched line, show the number of
@@ -224,6 +258,10 @@ OPTIONS
 	effectively showing the whole function in which the match was
 	found.
 
+--threads <num>::
+	Number of grep worker threads to use.
+	See `grep.threads` in 'CONFIGURATION' for more information.
+
 -f <file>::
 	Read patterns from <file>, one per line.
 
@@ -263,8 +301,11 @@ OPTIONS
 <pathspec>...::
 	If given, limit the search to paths matching at least one pattern.
 	Both leading paths match and glob(7) patterns are supported.
++
+For more details about the <pathspec> syntax, see the 'pathspec' entry
+in linkgit:gitglossary[7].
 
-Examples
+EXAMPLES
 --------
 
 `git grep 'time_t' -- '*.[ch]'`::
@@ -279,6 +320,9 @@ Examples
 	Looks for a line that has `NODE` or `Unexpected` in
 	files that have lines that match both.
 
+`git grep solution -- :^Documentation`::
+	Looks for `solution`, excluding files in `Documentation`.
+
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-gui.txt b/Documentation/git-gui.txt
index 8144527ae0..5f93f8003d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-gui.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-gui.txt
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ blame::
 
 browser::
 	Start a tree browser showing all files in the specified
-	commit (or 'HEAD' by default).  Files selected through the
+	commit.  Files selected through the
 	browser are opened in the blame viewer.
 
 citool::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-hash-object.txt b/Documentation/git-hash-object.txt
index 02c1f12685..814e74406a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-hash-object.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-hash-object.txt
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ git-hash-object - Compute object ID and optionally creates a blob from a file
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git hash-object' [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] <file>...
-'git hash-object' [-t <type>] [-w] --stdin-paths [--no-filters] < <list-of-paths>
+'git hash-object' [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin [--literally]] [--] <file>...
+'git hash-object' [-t <type>] [-w] --stdin-paths [--no-filters]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -35,7 +35,8 @@ OPTIONS
 	Read the object from standard input instead of from a file.
 
 --stdin-paths::
-	Read file names from stdin instead of from the command-line.
+	Read file names from the standard input, one per line, instead
+	of from the command-line.
 
 --path::
 	Hash object as it were located at the given path. The location of
@@ -51,7 +52,13 @@ OPTIONS
 	Hash the contents as is, ignoring any input filter that would
 	have been chosen by the attributes mechanism, including the end-of-line
 	conversion. If the file is read from standard input then this
-	is always implied, unless the --path option is given.
+	is always implied, unless the `--path` option is given.
+
+--literally::
+	Allow `--stdin` to hash any garbage into a loose object which might not
+	otherwise pass standard object parsing or git-fsck checks. Useful for
+	stress-testing Git itself or reproducing characteristics of corrupt or
+	bogus objects encountered in the wild.
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/git-help.txt b/Documentation/git-help.txt
index 3956525218..83d25d825a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-help.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-help.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-help - Display help information about Git
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git help' [-a|--all] [-g|--guide]
+'git help' [-a|--all [--verbose]] [-g|--guide]
 	   [-i|--info|-m|--man|-w|--web] [COMMAND|GUIDE]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -18,10 +18,10 @@ With no options and no COMMAND or GUIDE given, the synopsis of the 'git'
 command and a list of the most commonly used Git commands are printed
 on the standard output.
 
-If the option '--all' or '-a' is given, all available commands are
+If the option `--all` or `-a` is given, all available commands are
 printed on the standard output.
 
-If the option '--guide' or '-g' is given, a list of the useful
+If the option `--guide` or `-g` is given, a list of the useful
 Git guides is also printed on the standard output.
 
 If a command, or a guide, is given, a manual page for that command or
@@ -42,6 +42,13 @@ OPTIONS
 --all::
 	Prints all the available commands on the standard output. This
 	option overrides any given command or guide name.
+	When used with `--verbose` print description for all recognized
+	commands.
+
+-c::
+--config::
+	List all available configuration variables. This is a short
+	summary of the list in linkgit:git-config[1].
 
 -g::
 --guides::
@@ -57,10 +64,10 @@ OPTIONS
 --man::
 	Display manual page for the command in the 'man' format. This
 	option may be used to override a value set in the
-	'help.format' configuration variable.
+	`help.format` configuration variable.
 +
 By default the 'man' program will be used to display the manual page,
-but the 'man.viewer' configuration variable may be used to choose
+but the `man.viewer` configuration variable may be used to choose
 other display programs (see below).
 
 -w::
@@ -69,7 +76,7 @@ other display programs (see below).
 	format. A web browser will be used for that purpose.
 +
 The web browser can be specified using the configuration variable
-'help.browser', or 'web.browser' if the former is not set. If none of
+`help.browser`, or `web.browser` if the former is not set. If none of
 these config variables is set, the 'git web{litdd}browse' helper script
 (called by 'git help') will pick a suitable default. See
 linkgit:git-web{litdd}browse[1] for more information about this.
@@ -80,7 +87,7 @@ CONFIGURATION VARIABLES
 help.format
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-If no command-line option is passed, the 'help.format' configuration
+If no command-line option is passed, the `help.format` configuration
 variable will be checked. The following values are supported for this
 variable; they make 'git help' behave as their corresponding command-
 line option:
@@ -92,7 +99,7 @@ line option:
 help.browser, web.browser and browser.<tool>.path
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-The 'help.browser', 'web.browser' and 'browser.<tool>.path' will also
+The `help.browser`, `web.browser` and `browser.<tool>.path` will also
 be checked if the 'web' format is chosen (either by command-line
 option or configuration variable). See '-w|--web' in the OPTIONS
 section above and linkgit:git-web{litdd}browse[1].
@@ -100,7 +107,7 @@ section above and linkgit:git-web{litdd}browse[1].
 man.viewer
 ~~~~~~~~~~
 
-The 'man.viewer' configuration variable will be checked if the 'man'
+The `man.viewer` configuration variable will be checked if the 'man'
 format is chosen. The following values are currently supported:
 
 * "man": use the 'man' program as usual,
@@ -110,9 +117,9 @@ format is chosen. The following values are currently supported:
 tab (see 'Note about konqueror' below).
 
 Values for other tools can be used if there is a corresponding
-'man.<tool>.cmd' configuration entry (see below).
+`man.<tool>.cmd` configuration entry (see below).
 
-Multiple values may be given to the 'man.viewer' configuration
+Multiple values may be given to the `man.viewer` configuration
 variable. Their corresponding programs will be tried in the order
 listed in the configuration file.
 
@@ -128,14 +135,14 @@ will try to use konqueror first. But this may fail (for example, if
 DISPLAY is not set) and in that case emacs' woman mode will be tried.
 
 If everything fails, or if no viewer is configured, the viewer specified
-in the GIT_MAN_VIEWER environment variable will be tried.  If that
+in the `GIT_MAN_VIEWER` environment variable will be tried.  If that
 fails too, the 'man' program will be tried anyway.
 
 man.<tool>.path
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 You can explicitly provide a full path to your preferred man viewer by
-setting the configuration variable 'man.<tool>.path'. For example, you
+setting the configuration variable `man.<tool>.path`. For example, you
 can configure the absolute path to konqueror by setting
 'man.konqueror.path'. Otherwise, 'git help' assumes the tool is
 available in PATH.
@@ -143,9 +150,9 @@ available in PATH.
 man.<tool>.cmd
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-When the man viewer, specified by the 'man.viewer' configuration
+When the man viewer, specified by the `man.viewer` configuration
 variables, is not among the supported ones, then the corresponding
-'man.<tool>.cmd' configuration variable will be looked up. If this
+`man.<tool>.cmd` configuration variable will be looked up. If this
 variable exists then the specified tool will be treated as a custom
 command and a shell eval will be used to run the command with the man
 page passed as arguments.
@@ -153,7 +160,7 @@ page passed as arguments.
 Note about konqueror
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-When 'konqueror' is specified in the 'man.viewer' configuration
+When 'konqueror' is specified in the `man.viewer` configuration
 variable, we launch 'kfmclient' to try to open the man page on an
 already opened konqueror in a new tab if possible.
 
@@ -176,7 +183,7 @@ Note about git config --global
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 Note that all these configuration variables should probably be set
-using the '--global' flag, for example like this:
+using the `--global` flag, for example like this:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git config --global help.format web
diff --git a/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt b/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt
index d422ba4b59..bb0db195ce 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ pushing using the smart HTTP protocol.
 It verifies that the directory has the magic file
 "git-daemon-export-ok", and it will refuse to export any Git directory
 that hasn't explicitly been marked for export this way (unless the
-GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL environmental variable is set).
+`GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL` environmental variable is set).
 
 By default, only the `upload-pack` service is enabled, which serves
 'git fetch-pack' and 'git ls-remote' clients, which are invoked from
@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ automatically by the web server.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
-All of the following examples map 'http://$hostname/git/foo/bar.git'
-to '/var/www/git/foo/bar.git'.
+All of the following examples map `http://$hostname/git/foo/bar.git`
+to `/var/www/git/foo/bar.git`.
 
 Apache 2.x::
 	Ensure mod_cgi, mod_alias, and mod_env are enabled, set
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ $HTTP["url"] =~ "^/git/private" {
 
 ENVIRONMENT
 -----------
-'git http-backend' relies upon the CGI environment variables set
+'git http-backend' relies upon the `CGI` environment variables set
 by the invoking web server, including:
 
 * PATH_INFO (if GIT_PROJECT_ROOT is set, otherwise PATH_TRANSLATED)
@@ -251,16 +251,25 @@ by the invoking web server, including:
 * QUERY_STRING
 * REQUEST_METHOD
 
-The GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL environmental variable may be passed to
+The `GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL` environmental variable may be passed to
 'git-http-backend' to bypass the check for the "git-daemon-export-ok"
 file in each repository before allowing export of that repository.
 
+The `GIT_HTTP_MAX_REQUEST_BUFFER` environment variable (or the
+`http.maxRequestBuffer` config variable) may be set to change the
+largest ref negotiation request that git will handle during a fetch; any
+fetch requiring a larger buffer will not succeed.  This value should not
+normally need to be changed, but may be helpful if you are fetching from
+a repository with an extremely large number of refs.  The value can be
+specified with a unit (e.g., `100M` for 100 megabytes). The default is
+10 megabytes.
+
 The backend process sets GIT_COMMITTER_NAME to '$REMOTE_USER' and
 GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL to '$\{REMOTE_USER}@http.$\{REMOTE_ADDR\}',
 ensuring that any reflogs created by 'git-receive-pack' contain some
 identifying information of the remote user who performed the push.
 
-All CGI environment variables are available to each of the hooks
+All `CGI` environment variables are available to each of the hooks
 invoked by the 'git-receive-pack'.
 
 GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/git-http-fetch.txt b/Documentation/git-http-fetch.txt
index 21a33d2c41..666b042679 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-http-fetch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-http-fetch.txt
@@ -15,8 +15,9 @@ DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Downloads a remote Git repository via HTTP.
 
-*NOTE*: use of this command without -a is deprecated.  The -a
-behaviour will become the default in a future release.
+This command always gets all objects. Historically, there were three options
+`-a`, `-c` and `-t` for choosing which objects to download. They are now
+silently ignored.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -24,12 +25,8 @@ commit-id::
         Either the hash or the filename under [URL]/refs/ to
         pull.
 
--c::
-	Get the commit objects.
--t::
-	Get trees associated with the commit objects.
--a::
-	Get all the objects.
+-a, -c, -t::
+	These options are ignored for historical reasons.
 -v::
 	Report what is downloaded.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-http-push.txt b/Documentation/git-http-push.txt
index 2e67362bd4..ea03a4eeb0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-http-push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-http-push.txt
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	The remote refs to update.
 
 
-Specifying the Refs
+SPECIFYING THE REFS
 -------------------
 
 A '<ref>' specification can be either a single pattern, or a pair
@@ -81,13 +81,13 @@ destination side.
      exist in the set of remote refs; the ref matched <src>
      locally is used as the name of the destination.
 
-Without '--force', the <src> ref is stored at the remote only if
+Without `--force`, the <src> ref is stored at the remote only if
 <dst> does not exist, or <dst> is a proper subset (i.e. an
 ancestor) of <src>.  This check, known as "fast-forward check",
 is performed in order to avoid accidentally overwriting the
 remote ref and lose other peoples' commits from there.
 
-With '--force', the fast-forward check is disabled for all refs.
+With `--force`, the fast-forward check is disabled for all refs.
 
 Optionally, a <ref> parameter can be prefixed with a plus '+' sign
 to disable the fast-forward check only on that ref.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt b/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt
index 77aacf1309..7b157441eb 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt
@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --no-curl::
 	Talk to the IMAP server using git's own IMAP routines instead of
-	using libcurl.
+	using libcurl.  Ignored if Git was built with the NO_OPENSSL option
+	set.
 
 
 CONFIGURATION
@@ -67,8 +68,8 @@ imap.tunnel::
 	to the server. Required when imap.host is not set.
 
 imap.host::
-	A URL identifying the server. Use a `imap://` prefix for non-secure
-	connections and a `imaps://` prefix for secure connections.
+	A URL identifying the server. Use an `imap://` prefix for non-secure
+	connections and an `imaps://` prefix for secure connections.
 	Ignored when imap.tunnel is set, but required otherwise.
 
 imap.user::
@@ -135,8 +136,8 @@ Using direct mode with SSL:
 .........................
 
 
-EXAMPLE
--------
+EXAMPLES
+--------
 To submit patches using GMail's IMAP interface, first, edit your ~/.gitconfig
 to specify your account settings:
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt
index 7a4e055520..d5b7560bfe 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt
@@ -77,6 +77,9 @@ OPTIONS
 --check-self-contained-and-connected::
 	Die if the pack contains broken links. For internal use only.
 
+--fsck-objects::
+	Die if the pack contains broken objects. For internal use only.
+
 --threads=<n>::
 	Specifies the number of threads to spawn when resolving
 	deltas. This requires that index-pack be compiled with
@@ -87,9 +90,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	Specifying 0 will cause Git to auto-detect the number of CPU's
 	and use maximum 3 threads.
 
+--max-input-size=<size>::
+	Die, if the pack is larger than <size>.
 
-Note
-----
+NOTES
+-----
 
 Once the index has been created, the list of object names is sorted
 and the SHA-1 hash of that list is printed to stdout. If --stdin was
diff --git a/Documentation/git-init.txt b/Documentation/git-init.txt
index 369f889bb4..3c5a67fb96 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-init.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-init.txt
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Only print error and warning messages; all other output will be suppressed.
 
 --bare::
 
-Create a bare repository. If GIT_DIR environment is not set, it is set to the
+Create a bare repository. If `GIT_DIR` environment is not set, it is set to the
 current working directory.
 
 --template=<template_directory>::
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@ does not exist, it will be created.
 TEMPLATE DIRECTORY
 ------------------
 
-The template directory contains files and directories that will be copied to
-the `$GIT_DIR` after it is created.
+Files and directories in the template directory whose name do not start with a
+dot will be copied to the `$GIT_DIR` after it is created.
 
 The template directory will be one of the following (in order):
 
@@ -125,12 +125,17 @@ The template directory will be one of the following (in order):
 
  - the contents of the `$GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR` environment variable;
 
- - the `init.templatedir` configuration variable; or
+ - the `init.templateDir` configuration variable; or
 
  - the default template directory: `/usr/share/git-core/templates`.
 
 The default template directory includes some directory structure, suggested
-"exclude patterns" (see linkgit:gitignore[5]), and sample hook files (see linkgit:githooks[5]).
+"exclude patterns" (see linkgit:gitignore[5]), and sample hook files.
+
+The sample hooks are all disabled by default, To enable one of the
+sample hooks rename it by removing its `.sample` suffix.
+
+See linkgit:githooks[5] for more general info on hook execution.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt b/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt
index f3eef510f2..e8ecdbf927 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt
@@ -76,12 +76,12 @@ You may specify configuration in your .git/config
 	httpd = apache2 -f
 	port = 4321
 	browser = konqueror
-	modulepath = /usr/lib/apache2/modules
+	modulePath = /usr/lib/apache2/modules
 
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-If the configuration variable 'instaweb.browser' is not set,
-'web.browser' will be used instead if it is defined. See
+If the configuration variable `instaweb.browser` is not set,
+`web.browser` will be used instead if it is defined. See
 linkgit:git-web{litdd}browse[1] for more information about this.
 
 SEE ALSO
diff --git a/Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt b/Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt
index d6d9231b50..b8fafb1e8b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt
@@ -3,24 +3,27 @@ git-interpret-trailers(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-interpret-trailers - help add structured information into commit messages
+git-interpret-trailers - add or parse structured information in commit messages
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git interpret-trailers' [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [<file>...]
+'git interpret-trailers' [<options>] [(--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [<file>...]
+'git interpret-trailers' [<options>] [--parse] [<file>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Help adding 'trailers' lines, that look similar to RFC 822 e-mail
+Help parsing or adding 'trailers' lines, that look similar to RFC 822 e-mail
 headers, at the end of the otherwise free-form part of a commit
 message.
 
 This command reads some patches or commit messages from either the
-<file> arguments or the standard input if no <file> is specified. Then
-this command applies the arguments passed using the `--trailer`
-option, if any, to the commit message part of each input file. The
-result is emitted on the standard output.
+<file> arguments or the standard input if no <file> is specified. If
+`--parse` is specified, the output consists of the parsed trailers.
+
+Otherwise, this command applies the arguments passed using the
+`--trailer` option, if any, to the commit message part of each input
+file. The result is emitted on the standard output.
 
 Some configuration variables control the way the `--trailer` arguments
 are applied to each commit message and the way any existing trailer in
@@ -48,32 +51,80 @@ with only spaces at the end of the commit message part, one blank line
 will be added before the new trailer.
 
 Existing trailers are extracted from the input message by looking for
-a group of one or more lines that contain a colon (by default), where
-the group is preceded by one or more empty (or whitespace-only) lines.
+a group of one or more lines that (i) is all trailers, or (ii) contains at
+least one Git-generated or user-configured trailer and consists of at
+least 25% trailers.
+The group must be preceded by one or more empty (or whitespace-only) lines.
 The group must either be at the end of the message or be the last
 non-whitespace lines before a line that starts with '---'. Such three
 minus signs start the patch part of the message.
 
-When reading trailers, there can be whitespaces before and after the
+When reading trailers, there can be whitespaces after the
 token, the separator and the value. There can also be whitespaces
-inside the token and the value.
+inside the token and the value. The value may be split over multiple lines with
+each subsequent line starting with whitespace, like the "folding" in RFC 822.
 
 Note that 'trailers' do not follow and are not intended to follow many
-rules for RFC 822 headers. For example they do not follow the line
-folding rules, the encoding rules and probably many other rules.
+rules for RFC 822 headers. For example they do not follow
+the encoding rules and probably many other rules.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
+--in-place::
+	Edit the files in place.
+
 --trim-empty::
 	If the <value> part of any trailer contains only whitespace,
 	the whole trailer will be removed from the resulting message.
-	This apply to existing trailers as well as new trailers.
+	This applies to existing trailers as well as new trailers.
 
 --trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>]::
 	Specify a (<token>, <value>) pair that should be applied as a
 	trailer to the input messages. See the description of this
 	command.
 
+--where <placement>::
+--no-where::
+	Specify where all new trailers will be added.  A setting
+	provided with '--where' overrides all configuration variables
+	and applies to all '--trailer' options until the next occurrence of
+	'--where' or '--no-where'. Possible values are `after`, `before`,
+	`end` or `start`.
+
+--if-exists <action>::
+--no-if-exists::
+	Specify what action will be performed when there is already at
+	least one trailer with the same <token> in the message.  A setting
+	provided with '--if-exists' overrides all configuration variables
+	and applies to all '--trailer' options until the next occurrence of
+	'--if-exists' or '--no-if-exists'. Possible actions are `addIfDifferent`,
+	`addIfDifferentNeighbor`, `add`, `replace` and `doNothing`.
+
+--if-missing <action>::
+--no-if-missing::
+	Specify what action will be performed when there is no other
+	trailer with the same <token> in the message.  A setting
+	provided with '--if-missing' overrides all configuration variables
+	and applies to all '--trailer' options until the next occurrence of
+	'--if-missing' or '--no-if-missing'. Possible actions are `doNothing`
+	or `add`.
+
+--only-trailers::
+	Output only the trailers, not any other parts of the input.
+
+--only-input::
+	Output only trailers that exist in the input; do not add any
+	from the command-line or by following configured `trailer.*`
+	rules.
+
+--unfold::
+	Remove any whitespace-continuation in trailers, so that each
+	trailer appears on a line by itself with its full content.
+
+--parse::
+	A convenience alias for `--only-trailers --only-input
+	--unfold`.
+
 CONFIGURATION VARIABLES
 -----------------------
 
@@ -117,7 +168,7 @@ trailer.ifexists::
 	same <token> in the message.
 +
 The valid values for this option are: `addIfDifferentNeighbor` (this
-is the default), `addIfDifferent`, `add`, `overwrite` or `doNothing`.
+is the default), `addIfDifferent`, `add`, `replace` or `doNothing`.
 +
 With `addIfDifferentNeighbor`, a new trailer will be added only if no
 trailer with the same (<token>, <value>) pair is above or below the line
@@ -164,8 +215,8 @@ trailer.<token>.where::
 	configuration variable and it overrides what is specified by
 	that option for trailers with the specified <token>.
 
-trailer.<token>.ifexist::
-	This option takes the same values as the 'trailer.ifexist'
+trailer.<token>.ifexists::
+	This option takes the same values as the 'trailer.ifexists'
 	configuration variable and it overrides what is specified by
 	that option for trailers with the specified <token>.
 
@@ -216,6 +267,25 @@ Signed-off-by: Alice <alice@example.com>
 Signed-off-by: Bob <bob@example.com>
 ------------
 
+* Use the `--in-place` option to edit a message file in place:
++
+------------
+$ cat msg.txt
+subject
+
+message
+
+Signed-off-by: Bob <bob@example.com>
+$ git interpret-trailers --trailer 'Acked-by: Alice <alice@example.com>' --in-place msg.txt
+$ cat msg.txt
+subject
+
+message
+
+Signed-off-by: Bob <bob@example.com>
+Acked-by: Alice <alice@example.com>
+------------
+
 * Extract the last commit as a patch, and add a 'Cc' and a
   'Reviewed-by' trailer to it:
 +
diff --git a/Documentation/git-log.txt b/Documentation/git-log.txt
index 1f7bc67d6c..90761f1694 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-log.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-log.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-log - Show commit logs
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git log' [<options>] [<revision range>] [[\--] <path>...]
+'git log' [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] <path>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -29,12 +29,21 @@ OPTIONS
 	(works only for a single file).
 
 --no-decorate::
---decorate[=short|full|no]::
+--decorate[=short|full|auto|no]::
 	Print out the ref names of any commits that are shown. If 'short' is
 	specified, the ref name prefixes 'refs/heads/', 'refs/tags/' and
 	'refs/remotes/' will not be printed. If 'full' is specified, the
-	full ref name (including prefix) will be printed. The default option
-	is 'short'.
+	full ref name (including prefix) will be printed. If 'auto' is
+	specified, then if the output is going to a terminal, the ref names
+	are shown as if 'short' were given, otherwise no ref names are
+	shown. The default option is 'short'.
+
+--decorate-refs=<pattern>::
+--decorate-refs-exclude=<pattern>::
+	If no `--decorate-refs` is given, pretend as if all refs were
+	included.  For each candidate, do not use it for decoration if it
+	matches any patterns given to `--decorate-refs-exclude` or if it
+	doesn't match any of the patterns given to `--decorate-refs`.
 
 --source::
 	Print out the ref name given on the command line by which each
@@ -62,9 +71,9 @@ produced by `--stat`, etc.
 	output by allowing them to allocate space in advance.
 
 -L <start>,<end>:<file>::
--L :<regex>:<file>::
+-L :<funcname>:<file>::
 	Trace the evolution of the line range given by "<start>,<end>"
-	(or the funcname regex <regex>) within the <file>.  You may
+	(or the function name regex <funcname>) within the <file>.  You may
 	not give any pathspec limiters.  This is currently limited to
 	a walk starting from a single revision, i.e., you may only
 	give zero or one positive revision arguments.
@@ -81,13 +90,13 @@ include::line-range-format.txt[]
 	ways to spell <revision range>, see the 'Specifying Ranges'
 	section of linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
 
-[\--] <path>...::
+[--] <path>...::
 	Show only commits that are enough to explain how the files
 	that match the specified paths came to be.  See 'History
 	Simplification' below for details and other simplification
 	modes.
 +
-Paths may need to be prefixed with ``\-- '' to separate them from
+Paths may need to be prefixed with `--` to separate them from
 options or the revision range, when confusion arises.
 
 include::rev-list-options.txt[]
@@ -116,7 +125,7 @@ EXAMPLES
 `git log --since="2 weeks ago" -- gitk`::
 
 	Show the changes during the last two weeks to the file 'gitk'.
-	The ``--'' is necessary to avoid confusion with the *branch* named
+	The `--` is necessary to avoid confusion with the *branch* named
 	'gitk'
 
 `git log --name-status release..test`::
@@ -184,18 +193,28 @@ log.date::
 	`--date` option.)  Defaults to "default", which means to write
 	dates like `Sat May 8 19:35:34 2010 -0500`.
 
-log.showroot::
+log.follow::
+	If `true`, `git log` will act as if the `--follow` option was used when
+	a single <path> is given.  This has the same limitations as `--follow`,
+	i.e. it cannot be used to follow multiple files and does not work well
+	on non-linear history.
+
+log.showRoot::
 	If `false`, `git log` and related commands will not treat the
 	initial commit as a big creation event.  Any root commits in
 	`git log -p` output would be shown without a diff attached.
 	The default is `true`.
 
+log.showSignature::
+	If `true`, `git log` and related commands will act as if the
+	`--show-signature` option was passed to them.
+
 mailmap.*::
 	See linkgit:git-shortlog[1].
 
 notes.displayRef::
 	Which refs, in addition to the default set by `core.notesRef`
-	or 'GIT_NOTES_REF', to read notes from when showing commit
+	or `GIT_NOTES_REF`, to read notes from when showing commit
 	messages with the `log` family of commands.  See
 	linkgit:git-notes[1].
 +
@@ -204,7 +223,7 @@ multiple times.  A warning will be issued for refs that do not exist,
 but a glob that does not match any refs is silently ignored.
 +
 This setting can be disabled by the `--no-notes` option,
-overridden by the 'GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF' environment variable,
+overridden by the `GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF` environment variable,
 and overridden by the `--notes=<ref>` option.
 
 GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
index e26f01fb1d..5298f1bc30 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
@@ -9,15 +9,17 @@ git-ls-files - Show information about files in the index and the working tree
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git ls-files' [-z] [-t] [-v]
+'git ls-files' [-z] [-t] [-v] [-f]
 		(--[cached|deleted|others|ignored|stage|unmerged|killed|modified])*
 		(-[c|d|o|i|s|u|k|m])*
+		[--eol]
 		[-x <pattern>|--exclude=<pattern>]
 		[-X <file>|--exclude-from=<file>]
 		[--exclude-per-directory=<file>]
 		[--exclude-standard]
 		[--error-unmatch] [--with-tree=<tree-ish>]
-		[--full-name] [--abbrev] [--] [<file>...]
+		[--full-name] [--recurse-submodules]
+		[--abbrev] [--] [<file>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -51,11 +53,12 @@ OPTIONS
 	Show only ignored files in the output. When showing files in the
 	index, print only those matched by an exclude pattern. When
 	showing "other" files, show only those matched by an exclude
-	pattern.
+	pattern. Standard ignore rules are not automatically activated,
+	therefore at least one of the `--exclude*` options is required.
 
 -s::
 --stage::
-	Show staged contents' object name, mode bits and stage number in the output.
+	Show staged contents' mode bits, object name and stage number in the output.
 
 --directory::
 	If a whole directory is classified as "other", show just its
@@ -75,7 +78,8 @@ OPTIONS
 	succeed.
 
 -z::
-	\0 line termination on output.
+	\0 line termination on output and do not quote filenames.
+	See OUTPUT below for more information.
 
 -x <pattern>::
 --exclude=<pattern>::
@@ -130,12 +134,21 @@ a space) at the start of each line:
 	that are marked as 'assume unchanged' (see
 	linkgit:git-update-index[1]).
 
+-f::
+	Similar to `-t`, but use lowercase letters for files
+	that are marked as 'fsmonitor valid' (see
+	linkgit:git-update-index[1]).
+
 --full-name::
 	When run from a subdirectory, the command usually
 	outputs paths relative to the current directory.  This
 	option forces paths to be output relative to the project
 	top directory.
 
+--recurse-submodules::
+	Recursively calls ls-files on each submodule in the repository.
+	Currently there is only support for the --cached mode.
+
 --abbrev[=<n>]::
 	Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object
 	lines, show only a partial prefix.
@@ -147,6 +160,23 @@ a space) at the start of each line:
 	possible for manual inspection; the exact format may change at
 	any time.
 
+--eol::
+	Show <eolinfo> and <eolattr> of files.
+	<eolinfo> is the file content identification used by Git when
+	the "text" attribute is "auto" (or not set and core.autocrlf is not false).
+	<eolinfo> is either "-text", "none", "lf", "crlf", "mixed" or "".
++
+"" means the file is not a regular file, it is not in the index or
+not accessible in the working tree.
++
+<eolattr> is the attribute that is used when checking out or committing,
+it is either "", "-text", "text", "text=auto", "text eol=lf", "text eol=crlf".
+Since Git 2.10 "text=auto eol=lf" and "text=auto eol=crlf" are supported.
++
+Both the <eolinfo> in the index ("i/<eolinfo>")
+and in the working tree ("w/<eolinfo>") are shown for regular files,
+followed by the  ("attr/<eolattr>").
+
 \--::
 	Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
 
@@ -154,13 +184,16 @@ a space) at the start of each line:
 	Files to show. If no files are given all files which match the other
 	specified criteria are shown.
 
-Output
+OUTPUT
 ------
-'git ls-files' just outputs the filenames unless '--stage' is specified in
+'git ls-files' just outputs the filenames unless `--stage` is specified in
 which case it outputs:
 
         [<tag> ]<mode> <object> <stage> <file>
 
+'git ls-files --eol' will show
+	i/<eolinfo><SPACES>w/<eolinfo><SPACES>attr/<eolattr><SPACE*><TAB><file>
+
 'git ls-files --unmerged' and 'git ls-files --stage' can be used to examine
 detailed information on unmerged paths.
 
@@ -170,12 +203,13 @@ the index records up to three such pairs; one from tree O in stage
 the user (or the porcelain) to see what should eventually be recorded at the
 path. (see linkgit:git-read-tree[1] for more information on state)
 
-When `-z` option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
-in pathnames are represented as `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`,
-respectively.
+Without the `-z` option, pathnames with "unusual" characters are
+quoted as explained for the configuration variable `core.quotePath`
+(see linkgit:git-config[1]).  Using `-z` the filename is output
+verbatim and the line is terminated by a NUL byte.
 
 
-Exclude Patterns
+EXCLUDE PATTERNS
 ----------------
 
 'git ls-files' can use a list of "exclude patterns" when
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt
index 2e22915eb8..b9fd3770a6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt
@@ -9,8 +9,9 @@ git-ls-remote - List references in a remote repository
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git ls-remote' [--heads] [--tags]  [-u <exec> | --upload-pack <exec>]
-	      [--exit-code] <repository> [<refs>...]
+'git ls-remote' [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]
+	      [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url] [--sort=<key>]
+	      [--symref] [<repository> [<refs>...]]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -29,7 +30,13 @@ OPTIONS
 	both, references stored in refs/heads and refs/tags are
 	displayed.
 
--u <exec>::
+--refs::
+	Do not show peeled tags or pseudorefs like HEAD	in the output.
+
+-q::
+--quiet::
+	Do not print remote URL to stderr.
+
 --upload-pack=<exec>::
 	Specify the full path of 'git-upload-pack' on the remote
 	host. This allows listing references from repositories accessed via
@@ -47,6 +54,30 @@ OPTIONS
 	"url.<base>.insteadOf" config setting (See linkgit:git-config[1]) and
 	exit without talking to the remote.
 
+--symref::
+	In addition to the object pointed by it, show the underlying
+	ref pointed by it when showing a symbolic ref.  Currently,
+	upload-pack only shows the symref HEAD, so it will be the only
+	one shown by ls-remote.
+
+--sort=<key>::
+	Sort based on the key given. Prefix `-` to sort in descending order
+	of the value. Supports "version:refname" or "v:refname" (tag names
+	are treated as versions). The "version:refname" sort order can also
+	be affected by the "versionsort.suffix" configuration variable.
+	See linkgit:git-for-each-ref[1] for more sort options, but be aware
+	keys like `committerdate` that require access to the objects
+	themselves will not work for refs whose objects have not yet been
+	fetched from the remote, and will give a `missing object` error.
+
+-o <option>::
+--server-option=<option>::
+	Transmit the given string to the server when communicating using
+	protocol version 2.  The given string must not contain a NUL or LF
+	character.
+	When multiple `--server-option=<option>` are given, they are all
+	sent to the other side in the order listed on the command line.
+
 <repository>::
 	The "remote" repository to query.  This parameter can be
 	either a URL or the name of a remote (see the GIT URLS and
@@ -77,6 +108,10 @@ EXAMPLES
 	c5db5456ae3b0873fc659c19fafdde22313cc441	refs/tags/v0.99.2
 	7ceca275d047c90c0c7d5afb13ab97efdf51bd6e	refs/tags/v0.99.3
 
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-check-ref-format[1].
+
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt
index 16e87fd6dd..9dee7bef35 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt
@@ -20,16 +20,16 @@ in the current working directory.  Note that:
 
  - the behaviour is slightly different from that of "/bin/ls" in that the
    '<path>' denotes just a list of patterns to match, e.g. so specifying
-   directory name (without '-r') will behave differently, and order of the
+   directory name (without `-r`) will behave differently, and order of the
    arguments does not matter.
 
  - the behaviour is similar to that of "/bin/ls" in that the '<path>' is
    taken as relative to the current working directory.  E.g. when you are
    in a directory 'sub' that has a directory 'dir', you can run 'git
    ls-tree -r HEAD dir' to list the contents of the tree (that is
-   'sub/dir' in 'HEAD').  You don't want to give a tree that is not at the
+   'sub/dir' in `HEAD`).  You don't want to give a tree that is not at the
    root level (e.g. `git ls-tree -r HEAD:sub dir`) in this case, as that
-   would result in asking for 'sub/sub/dir' in the 'HEAD' commit.
+   would result in asking for 'sub/sub/dir' in the `HEAD` commit.
    However, the current working directory can be ignored by passing
    --full-tree option.
 
@@ -46,14 +46,15 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -t::
 	Show tree entries even when going to recurse them. Has no effect
-	if '-r' was not passed. '-d' implies '-t'.
+	if `-r` was not passed. `-d` implies `-t`.
 
 -l::
 --long::
 	Show object size of blob (file) entries.
 
 -z::
-	\0 line termination on output.
+	\0 line termination on output and do not quote filenames.
+	See OUTPUT FORMAT below for more information.
 
 --name-only::
 --name-status::
@@ -82,8 +83,6 @@ Output Format
 -------------
         <mode> SP <type> SP <object> TAB <file>
 
-Unless the `-z` option is used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
-in pathnames are represented as `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`, respectively.
 This output format is compatible with what `--index-info --stdin` of
 'git update-index' expects.
 
@@ -95,6 +94,11 @@ Object size identified by <object> is given in bytes, and right-justified
 with minimum width of 7 characters.  Object size is given only for blobs
 (file) entries; for other entries `-` character is used in place of size.
 
+Without the `-z` option, pathnames with "unusual" characters are
+quoted as explained for the configuration variable `core.quotePath`
+(see linkgit:git-config[1]).  Using `-z` the filename is output
+verbatim and the line is terminated by a NUL byte.
+
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt b/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
index 0947084140..3bbc731f67 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ with comments and suggestions on the message you are responding to, and to
 conclude it with a patch submission, separating the discussion and the
 beginning of the proposed commit log message with a scissors line.
 +
-This can enabled by default with the configuration option mailinfo.scissors.
+This can be enabled by default with the configuration option mailinfo.scissors.
 
 --no-scissors::
 	Ignore scissors lines. Useful for overriding mailinfo.scissors settings.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mailsplit.txt b/Documentation/git-mailsplit.txt
index 4d1b871d96..e3b2a88c4b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mailsplit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mailsplit.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ git-mailsplit - Simple UNIX mbox splitter program
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git mailsplit' [-b] [-f<nn>] [-d<prec>] [--keep-cr] -o<directory> [--] [(<mbox>|<Maildir>)...]
+'git mailsplit' [-b] [-f<nn>] [-d<prec>] [--keep-cr] [--mboxrd]
+		-o<directory> [--] [(<mbox>|<Maildir>)...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -47,6 +48,10 @@ OPTIONS
 --keep-cr::
 	Do not remove `\r` from lines ending with `\r\n`.
 
+--mboxrd::
+	Input is of the "mboxrd" format and "^>+From " line escaping is
+	reversed.
+
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt
index 808426faac..502e00ec35 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt
@@ -80,8 +80,8 @@ which is reachable from both 'A' and 'B' through the parent relationship.
 
 For example, with this topology:
 
-		 o---o---o---B
-		/
+	         o---o---o---B
+	        /
 	---o---1---o---o---o---A
 
 the merge base between 'A' and 'B' is '1'.
@@ -116,11 +116,11 @@ the best common ancestor of all commits.
 When the history involves criss-cross merges, there can be more than one
 'best' common ancestor for two commits.  For example, with this topology:
 
-       ---1---o---A
-	   \ /
-	    X
-	   / \
-       ---2---o---o---B
+	---1---o---A
+	    \ /
+	     X
+	    / \
+	---2---o---o---B
 
 both '1' and '2' are merge-bases of A and B.  Neither one is better than
 the other (both are 'best' merge bases).  When the `--all` option is not given,
@@ -154,23 +154,71 @@ topic origin/master`, the history of remote-tracking branch
 `origin/master` may have been rewound and rebuilt, leading to a
 history of this shape:
 
-			 o---B1
-			/
-	---o---o---B2--o---o---o---B (origin/master)
-		\
-		 B3
-		  \
-		   Derived (topic)
+			 o---B2
+	                /
+	---o---o---B1--o---o---o---B (origin/master)
+	        \
+		 B0
+	          \
+		   D0---D1---D (topic)
 
-where `origin/master` used to point at commits B3, B2, B1 and now it
+where `origin/master` used to point at commits B0, B1, B2 and now it
 points at B, and your `topic` branch was started on top of it back
-when `origin/master` was at B3. This mode uses the reflog of
-`origin/master` to find B3 as the fork point, so that the `topic`
-can be rebased on top of the updated `origin/master` by:
+when `origin/master` was at B0, and you built three commits, D0, D1,
+and D, on top of it.  Imagine that you now want to rebase the work
+you did on the topic on top of the updated origin/master.
+
+In such a case, `git merge-base origin/master topic` would return the
+parent of B0 in the above picture, but B0^..D is *not* the range of
+commits you would want to replay on top of B (it includes B0, which
+is not what you wrote; it is a commit the other side discarded when
+it moved its tip from B0 to B1).
+
+`git merge-base --fork-point origin/master topic` is designed to
+help in such a case.  It takes not only B but also B0, B1, and B2
+(i.e. old tips of the remote-tracking branches your repository's
+reflog knows about) into account to see on which commit your topic
+branch was built and finds B0, allowing you to replay only the
+commits on your topic, excluding the commits the other side later
+discarded.
+
+Hence
 
     $ fork_point=$(git merge-base --fork-point origin/master topic)
+
+will find B0, and
+
     $ git rebase --onto origin/master $fork_point topic
 
+will replay D0, D1 and D on top of B to create a new history of this
+shape:
+
+			 o---B2
+			/
+	---o---o---B1--o---o---o---B (origin/master)
+		\                   \
+		 B0                  D0'--D1'--D' (topic - updated)
+		  \
+		   D0---D1---D (topic - old)
+
+A caveat is that older reflog entries in your repository may be
+expired by `git gc`.  If B0 no longer appears in the reflog of the
+remote-tracking branch `origin/master`, the `--fork-point` mode
+obviously cannot find it and fails, avoiding to give a random and
+useless result (such as the parent of B0, like the same command
+without the `--fork-point` option gives).
+
+Also, the remote-tracking branch you use the `--fork-point` mode
+with must be the one your topic forked from its tip.  If you forked
+from an older commit than the tip, this mode would not find the fork
+point (imagine in the above sample history B0 did not exist,
+origin/master started at B1, moved to B2 and then B, and you forked
+your topic at origin/master^ when origin/master was B1; the shape of
+the history would be the same as above, without B0, and the parent
+of B1 is what `git merge-base origin/master topic` correctly finds,
+but the `--fork-point` mode will not, because it is not one of the
+commits that used to be at the tip of origin/master).
+
 
 See also
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
index d2fc12ec77..f856032613 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ lines from `<other-file>`, or lines from both respectively.  The length of the
 conflict markers can be given with the `--marker-size` option.
 
 The exit value of this program is negative on error, and the number of
-conflicts otherwise. If the merge was clean, the exit value is 0.
+conflicts otherwise (truncated to 127 if there are more than that many
+conflicts). If the merge was clean, the exit value is 0.
 
 'git merge-file' is designed to be a minimal clone of RCS 'merge'; that is, it
 implements all of RCS 'merge''s functionality which is needed by
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge.txt b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
index cf2c374b71..eb36837f86 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
@@ -10,10 +10,11 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git merge' [-n] [--stat] [--no-commit] [--squash] [--[no-]edit]
-	[-s <strategy>] [-X <strategy-option>] [-S[<key-id>]]
-	[--[no-]rerere-autoupdate] [-m <msg>] [<commit>...]
-'git merge' <msg> HEAD <commit>...
+	[-s <strategy>] [-X <strategy-option>] [-S[<keyid>]]
+	[--[no-]allow-unrelated-histories]
+	[--[no-]rerere-autoupdate] [-m <msg>] [-F <file>] [<commit>...]
 'git merge' --abort
+'git merge' --continue
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -44,11 +45,7 @@ a log message from the user describing the changes.
     D---E---F---G---H master
 ------------
 
-The second syntax (<msg> `HEAD` <commit>...) is supported for
-historical reasons.  Do not use it from the command line or in
-new scripts.  It is the same as `git merge -m <msg> <commit>...`.
-
-The third syntax ("`git merge --abort`") can only be run after the
+The second syntax ("`git merge --abort`") can only be run after the
 merge has resulted in conflicts. 'git merge --abort' will abort the
 merge process and try to reconstruct the pre-merge state. However,
 if there were uncommitted changes when the merge started (and
@@ -60,15 +57,13 @@ reconstruct the original (pre-merge) changes. Therefore:
 discouraged: while possible, it may leave you in a state that is hard to
 back out of in the case of a conflict.
 
+The third syntax ("`git merge --continue`") can only be run after the
+merge has resulted in conflicts.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 include::merge-options.txt[]
 
--S[<keyid>]::
---gpg-sign[=<keyid>]::
-	GPG-sign the resulting merge commit.
-
 -m <msg>::
 	Set the commit message to be used for the merge commit (in
 	case one is created).
@@ -78,7 +73,15 @@ will be appended to the specified message.
 +
 The 'git fmt-merge-msg' command can be
 used to give a good default for automated 'git merge'
-invocations.
+invocations. The automated message can include the branch description.
+
+-F <file>::
+--file=<file>::
+	Read the commit message to be used for the merge commit (in
+	case one is created).
++
+If `--log` is specified, a shortlog of the commits being merged
+will be appended to the specified message.
 
 --[no-]rerere-autoupdate::
 	Allow the rerere mechanism to update the index with the
@@ -96,6 +99,11 @@ commit or stash your changes before running 'git merge'.
 'git merge --abort' is equivalent to 'git reset --merge' when
 `MERGE_HEAD` is present.
 
+--continue::
+	After a 'git merge' stops due to conflicts you can conclude the
+	merge by running 'git merge --continue' (see "HOW TO RESOLVE
+	CONFLICTS" section below).
+
 <commit>...::
 	Commits, usually other branch heads, to merge into our branch.
 	Specifying more than one commit will create a merge with
@@ -104,6 +112,10 @@ commit or stash your changes before running 'git merge'.
 If no commit is given from the command line, merge the remote-tracking
 branches that the current branch is configured to use as its upstream.
 See also the configuration section of this manual page.
++
+When `FETCH_HEAD` (and no other commit) is specified, the branches
+recorded in the `.git/FETCH_HEAD` file by the previous invocation
+of `git fetch` for merging are merged to the current branch.
 
 
 PRE-MERGE CHECKS
@@ -118,12 +130,12 @@ merge' may need to update.
 
 To avoid recording unrelated changes in the merge commit,
 'git pull' and 'git merge' will also abort if there are any changes
-registered in the index relative to the `HEAD` commit.  (One
-exception is when the changed index entries are in the state that
-would result from the merge already.)
+registered in the index relative to the `HEAD` commit.  (Special
+narrow exceptions to this rule may exist depending on which merge
+strategy is in use, but generally, the index must match HEAD.)
 
 If all named commits are already ancestors of `HEAD`, 'git merge'
-will exit early with the message "Already up-to-date."
+will exit early with the message "Already up to date."
 
 FAST-FORWARD MERGE
 ------------------
@@ -232,7 +244,7 @@ Barbie's remark on your side.  The only thing you can tell is that your
 side wants to say it is hard and you'd prefer to go shopping, while the
 other side wants to claim it is easy.
 
-An alternative style can be used by setting the "merge.conflictstyle"
+An alternative style can be used by setting the "merge.conflictStyle"
 configuration variable to "diff3".  In "diff3" style, the above conflict
 may look like this:
 
@@ -270,7 +282,10 @@ After seeing a conflict, you can do two things:
 
  * Resolve the conflicts.  Git will mark the conflicts in
    the working tree.  Edit the files into shape and
-   'git add' them to the index.  Use 'git commit' to seal the deal.
+   'git add' them to the index.  Use 'git commit' or
+   'git merge --continue' to seal the deal. The latter command
+   checks whether there is a (interrupted) merge in progress
+   before calling 'git commit'.
 
 You can work through the conflict with a number of tools:
 
@@ -329,7 +344,7 @@ CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 include::merge-config.txt[]
 
-branch.<name>.mergeoptions::
+branch.<name>.mergeOptions::
 	Sets default options for merging into branch <name>. The syntax and
 	supported options are the same as those of 'git merge', but option
 	values containing whitespace characters are currently not supported.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt b/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
index e846c2ed7f..3622d66488 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
@@ -79,6 +79,13 @@ success of the resolution after the custom tool has exited.
 	Prompt before each invocation of the merge resolution program
 	to give the user a chance to skip the path.
 
+-O<orderfile>::
+	Process files in the order specified in the
+	<orderfile>, which has one shell glob pattern per line.
+	This overrides the `diff.orderFile` configuration variable
+	(see linkgit:git-config[1]).  To cancel `diff.orderFile`,
+	use `-O/dev/null`.
+
 TEMPORARY FILES
 ---------------
 `git mergetool` creates `*.orig` backup files while resolving merges.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mktag.txt b/Documentation/git-mktag.txt
index 3ca158b05e..fa6a756123 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mktag.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mktag.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-mktag - Creates a tag object
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git mktag' < signature_file
+'git mktag'
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ The output is the new tag's <object> identifier.
 
 Tag Format
 ----------
-A tag signature file has a very simple fixed format: four lines of
+A tag signature file, to be fed to this command's standard input,
+has a very simple fixed format: four lines of
 
   object <sha1>
   type <typename>
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mktree.txt b/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
index 5c6ebdfad9..27fe2b32e1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Reads standard input in non-recursive `ls-tree` output format, and creates
-a tree object.  The order of the tree entries is normalised by mktree so
+a tree object.  The order of the tree entries is normalized by mktree so
 pre-sorting the input is not required.  The object name of the tree object
 built is written to the standard output.
 
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ OPTIONS
 --batch::
 	Allow building of more than one tree object before exiting.  Each
 	tree is separated by as single blank line. The final new-line is
-	optional.  Note - if the '-z' option is used, lines are terminated
+	optional.  Note - if the `-z` option is used, lines are terminated
 	with NUL.
 
 GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mv.txt b/Documentation/git-mv.txt
index e4531325cd..79449bf98f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mv.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mv.txt
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ OPTIONS
 --force::
 	Force renaming or moving of a file even if the target exists
 -k::
-        Skip move or rename actions which would lead to an error
+	Skip move or rename actions which would lead to an error
 	condition. An error happens when a source is neither existing nor
 	controlled by Git, or when it would overwrite an existing
-        file unless '-f' is given.
+	file unless `-f` is given.
 -n::
 --dry-run::
 	Do nothing; only show what would happen
diff --git a/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt b/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt
index ca28fb8e2a..5cb0eb0855 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt
@@ -26,7 +26,18 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --refs=<pattern>::
 	Only use refs whose names match a given shell pattern.  The pattern
-	can be one of branch name, tag name or fully qualified ref name.
+	can be one of branch name, tag name or fully qualified ref name. If
+	given multiple times, use refs whose names match any of the given shell
+	patterns. Use `--no-refs` to clear any previous ref patterns given.
+
+--exclude=<pattern>::
+	Do not use any ref whose name matches a given shell pattern. The
+	pattern can be one of branch name, tag name or fully qualified ref
+	name. If given multiple times, a ref will be excluded when it matches
+	any of the given patterns. When used together with --refs, a ref will
+	be used as a match only when it matches at least one --refs pattern and
+	does not match any --exclude patterns. Use `--no-exclude` to clear the
+	list of exclude patterns.
 
 --all::
 	List all commits reachable from all refs
@@ -50,8 +61,8 @@ OPTIONS
 --always::
 	Show uniquely abbreviated commit object as fallback.
 
-EXAMPLE
--------
+EXAMPLES
+--------
 
 Given a commit, find out where it is relative to the local refs. Say somebody
 wrote you about that fantastic commit 33db5f4d9027a10e477ccf054b2c1ab94f74c85a.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-notes.txt b/Documentation/git-notes.txt
index 851518d531..df2b64dbb6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-notes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-notes.txt
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 'git notes' merge --commit [-v | -q]
 'git notes' merge --abort [-v | -q]
 'git notes' remove [--ignore-missing] [--stdin] [<object>...]
-'git notes' prune [-n | -v]
+'git notes' prune [-n] [-v]
 'git notes' get-ref
 
 
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ merge::
 	any) into the current notes ref (called "local").
 +
 If conflicts arise and a strategy for automatically resolving
-conflicting notes (see the -s/--strategy option) is not given,
+conflicting notes (see the "NOTES MERGE STRATEGIES" section) is not given,
 the "manual" resolver is used. This resolver checks out the
 conflicting notes in a special worktree (`.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE`),
 and instructs the user to manually resolve the conflicts there.
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -c <object>::
 --reedit-message=<object>::
-	Like '-C', but with '-c' the editor is invoked, so that
+	Like '-C', but with `-c` the editor is invoked, so that
 	the user can further edit the note message.
 
 --allow-empty::
@@ -161,15 +161,17 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --ref <ref>::
 	Manipulate the notes tree in <ref>.  This overrides
-	'GIT_NOTES_REF' and the "core.notesRef" configuration.  The ref
-	is taken to be in `refs/notes/` if it is not qualified.
+	`GIT_NOTES_REF` and the "core.notesRef" configuration.  The ref
+	specifies the full refname when it begins with `refs/notes/`; when it
+	begins with `notes/`, `refs/` and otherwise `refs/notes/` is prefixed
+	to form a full name of the ref.
 
 --ignore-missing::
 	Do not consider it an error to request removing notes from an
 	object that does not have notes attached to it.
 
 --stdin::
-	Also read the object names to remove notes from from the standard
+	Also read the object names to remove notes from the standard
 	input (there is no reason you cannot combine this with object
 	names from the command line).
 
@@ -183,6 +185,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	When merging notes, resolve notes conflicts using the given
 	strategy. The following strategies are recognized: "manual"
 	(default), "ours", "theirs", "union" and "cat_sort_uniq".
+	This option overrides the "notes.mergeStrategy" configuration setting.
 	See the "NOTES MERGE STRATEGIES" section below for more
 	information on each notes merge strategy.
 
@@ -196,7 +199,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	.git/NOTES_MERGE_REF symref is updated to the resulting commit.
 
 --abort::
-	Abort/reset a in-progress 'git notes merge', i.e. a notes merge
+	Abort/reset an in-progress 'git notes merge', i.e. a notes merge
 	with conflicts. This simply removes all files related to the
 	notes merge.
 
@@ -247,6 +250,9 @@ When done, the user can either finalize the merge with
 'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with
 'git notes merge --abort'.
 
+Users may select an automated merge strategy from among the following using
+either -s/--strategy option or configuring notes.mergeStrategy accordingly:
+
 "ours" automatically resolves conflicting notes in favor of the local
 version (i.e. the current notes ref).
 
@@ -310,13 +316,27 @@ core.notesRef::
 	This setting can be overridden through the environment and
 	command line.
 
+notes.mergeStrategy::
+	Which merge strategy to choose by default when resolving notes
+	conflicts.  Must be one of `manual`, `ours`, `theirs`, `union`, or
+	`cat_sort_uniq`.  Defaults to `manual`.  See "NOTES MERGE STRATEGIES"
+	section above for more information on each strategy.
++
+This setting can be overridden by passing the `--strategy` option.
+
+notes.<name>.mergeStrategy::
+	Which merge strategy to choose when doing a notes merge into
+	refs/notes/<name>.  This overrides the more general
+	"notes.mergeStrategy".  See the "NOTES MERGE STRATEGIES" section above
+	for more information on each available strategy.
+
 notes.displayRef::
 	Which ref (or refs, if a glob or specified more than once), in
 	addition to the default set by `core.notesRef` or
-	'GIT_NOTES_REF', to read notes from when showing commit
+	`GIT_NOTES_REF`, to read notes from when showing commit
 	messages with the 'git log' family of commands.
 	This setting can be overridden on the command line or by the
-	'GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF' environment variable.
+	`GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF` environment variable.
 	See linkgit:git-log[1].
 
 notes.rewrite.<command>::
@@ -325,13 +345,14 @@ notes.rewrite.<command>::
 	notes from the original to the rewritten commit.  Defaults to
 	`true`.  See also "`notes.rewriteRef`" below.
 +
-This setting can be overridden by the 'GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF'
+This setting can be overridden by the `GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF`
 environment variable.
 
 notes.rewriteMode::
 	When copying notes during a rewrite, what to do if the target
 	commit already has a note.  Must be one of `overwrite`,
-	`concatenate`, and `ignore`.  Defaults to `concatenate`.
+	`concatenate`, `cat_sort_uniq`, or `ignore`.  Defaults to
+	`concatenate`.
 +
 This setting can be overridden with the `GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE`
 environment variable.
@@ -345,33 +366,33 @@ notes.rewriteRef::
 Does not have a default value; you must configure this variable to
 enable note rewriting.
 +
-Can be overridden with the 'GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF' environment variable.
+Can be overridden with the `GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF` environment variable.
 
 
 ENVIRONMENT
 -----------
 
-'GIT_NOTES_REF'::
+`GIT_NOTES_REF`::
 	Which ref to manipulate notes from, instead of `refs/notes/commits`.
 	This overrides the `core.notesRef` setting.
 
-'GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF'::
+`GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF`::
 	Colon-delimited list of refs or globs indicating which refs,
 	in addition to the default from `core.notesRef` or
-	'GIT_NOTES_REF', to read notes from when showing commit
+	`GIT_NOTES_REF`, to read notes from when showing commit
 	messages.
 	This overrides the `notes.displayRef` setting.
 +
 A warning will be issued for refs that do not exist, but a glob that
 does not match any refs is silently ignored.
 
-'GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE'::
+`GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE`::
 	When copying notes during a rewrite, what to do if the target
 	commit already has a note.
-	Must be one of `overwrite`, `concatenate`, and `ignore`.
+	Must be one of `overwrite`, `concatenate`, `cat_sort_uniq`, or `ignore`.
 	This overrides the `core.rewriteMode` setting.
 
-'GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF'::
+`GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF`::
 	When rewriting commits, which notes to copy from the original
 	to the rewritten commit.  Must be a colon-delimited list of
 	refs or globs.
@@ -381,4 +402,4 @@ on the `notes.rewrite.<command>` and `notes.rewriteRef` settings.
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the linkgit:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-p4.txt b/Documentation/git-p4.txt
index a1664b9f68..41780a5aa9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-p4.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-p4.txt
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ Submit Git changes back to p4 using 'git p4 submit'.  The command
 the updated p4 remote branch.
 
 
-EXAMPLE
--------
+EXAMPLES
+--------
 * Clone a repository:
 +
 ------------
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ $ git p4 sync //path/in/your/perforce/depot
 ------------
 This imports the specified depot into
 'refs/remotes/p4/master' in an existing Git repository.  The
-'--branch' option can be used to specify a different branch to
+`--branch` option can be used to specify a different branch to
 be used for the p4 content.
 
 If a Git repository includes branches 'refs/remotes/origin/p4', these
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ from a Git remote, this can be useful in a multi-developer environment.
 
 If there are multiple branches, doing 'git p4 sync' will automatically
 use the "BRANCH DETECTION" algorithm to try to partition new changes
-into the right branch.  This can be overridden with the '--branch'
+into the right branch.  This can be overridden with the `--branch`
 option to specify just a single branch to update.
 
 
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ Submit
 ~~~~~~
 Submitting changes from a Git repository back to the p4 repository
 requires a separate p4 client workspace.  This should be specified
-using the 'P4CLIENT' environment variable or the Git configuration
+using the `P4CLIENT` environment variable or the Git configuration
 variable 'git-p4.client'.  The p4 client must exist, but the client root
 will be created and populated if it does not already exist.
 
@@ -149,14 +149,51 @@ To specify a branch other than the current one, use:
 $ git p4 submit topicbranch
 ------------
 
+To specify a single commit or a range of commits, use:
+------------
+$ git p4 submit --commit <sha1>
+$ git p4 submit --commit <sha1..sha1>
+------------
+
 The upstream reference is generally 'refs/remotes/p4/master', but can
-be overridden using the '--origin=' command-line option.
+be overridden using the `--origin=` command-line option.
 
 The p4 changes will be created as the user invoking 'git p4 submit'. The
-'--preserve-user' option will cause ownership to be modified
+`--preserve-user` option will cause ownership to be modified
 according to the author of the Git commit.  This option requires admin
 privileges in p4, which can be granted using 'p4 protect'.
 
+To shelve changes instead of submitting, use `--shelve` and `--update-shelve`:
+
+----
+$ git p4 submit --shelve
+$ git p4 submit --update-shelve 1234 --update-shelve 2345
+----
+
+
+Unshelve
+~~~~~~~~
+Unshelving will take a shelved P4 changelist, and produce the equivalent git commit
+in the branch refs/remotes/p4/unshelved/<changelist>.
+
+The git commit is created relative to the current origin revision (HEAD by default).
+If the shelved changelist's parent revisions differ, git-p4 will refuse to unshelve;
+you need to be unshelving onto an equivalent tree.
+
+The origin revision can be changed with the "--origin" option.
+
+If the target branch in refs/remotes/p4/unshelved already exists, the old one will
+be renamed.
+
+----
+$ git p4 sync
+$ git p4 unshelve 12345
+$ git show refs/remotes/p4/unshelved/12345
+<submit more changes via p4 to the same files>
+$ git p4 unshelve 12345
+<refuses to unshelve until git is in sync with p4 again>
+
+----
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -166,7 +203,7 @@ General options
 All commands except clone accept these options.
 
 --git-dir <dir>::
-	Set the 'GIT_DIR' environment variable.  See linkgit:git[1].
+	Set the `GIT_DIR` environment variable.  See linkgit:git[1].
 
 -v::
 --verbose::
@@ -221,20 +258,31 @@ Git repository:
 	where they will be treated as remote-tracking branches by
 	linkgit:git-branch[1] and other commands.  This option instead
 	puts p4 branches in 'refs/heads/p4/'.  Note that future
-	sync operations must specify '--import-local' as well so that
+	sync operations must specify `--import-local` as well so that
 	they can find the p4 branches in refs/heads.
 
 --max-changes <n>::
-	Limit the number of imported changes to 'n'.  Useful to
-	limit the amount of history when using the '@all' p4 revision
-	specifier.
+	Import at most 'n' changes, rather than the entire range of
+	changes included in the given revision specifier. A typical
+	usage would be use '@all' as the revision specifier, but then
+	to use '--max-changes 1000' to import only the last 1000
+	revisions rather than the entire revision history.
+
+--changes-block-size <n>::
+	The internal block size to use when converting a revision
+	specifier such as '@all' into a list of specific change
+	numbers. Instead of using a single call to 'p4 changes' to
+	find the full list of changes for the conversion, there are a
+	sequence of calls to 'p4 changes -m', each of which requests
+	one block of changes of the given size. The default block size
+	is 500, which should usually be suitable.
 
 --keep-path::
 	The mapping of file names from the p4 depot path to Git, by
 	default, involves removing the entire depot path.  With this
 	option, the full p4 depot path is retained in Git.  For example,
 	path '//depot/main/foo/bar.c', when imported from
-	'//depot/main/', becomes 'foo/bar.c'.  With '--keep-path', the
+	'//depot/main/', becomes 'foo/bar.c'.  With `--keep-path`, the
 	Git path is instead 'depot/main/foo/bar.c'.
 
 --use-client-spec::
@@ -264,7 +312,7 @@ These options can be used to modify 'git p4 submit' behavior.
 --origin <commit>::
 	Upstream location from which commits are identified to submit to
 	p4.  By default, this is the most recent p4 commit reachable
-	from 'HEAD'.
+	from `HEAD`.
 
 -M::
 	Detect renames.  See linkgit:git-diff[1].  Renames will be
@@ -292,6 +340,15 @@ These options can be used to modify 'git p4 submit' behavior.
 	submit manually or revert.  This option always stops after the
 	first (oldest) commit.  Git tags are not exported to p4.
 
+--shelve::
+	Instead of submitting create a series of shelved changelists.
+	After creating each shelve, the relevant files are reverted/deleted.
+	If you have multiple commits pending multiple shelves will be created.
+
+--update-shelve CHANGELIST::
+	Update an existing shelved changelist with this commit. Implies
+	--shelve. Repeat for multiple shelved changelists.
+
 --conflict=(ask|skip|quit)::
 	Conflicts can occur when applying a commit to p4.  When this
 	happens, the default behavior ("ask") is to prompt whether to
@@ -304,6 +361,27 @@ These options can be used to modify 'git p4 submit' behavior.
 	p4/master.  See the "Sync options" section above for more
 	information.
 
+--commit <sha1>|<sha1..sha1>::
+    Submit only the specified commit or range of commits, instead of the full
+    list of changes that are in the current Git branch.
+
+--disable-rebase::
+    Disable the automatic rebase after all commits have been successfully
+    submitted. Can also be set with git-p4.disableRebase.
+
+--disable-p4sync::
+    Disable the automatic sync of p4/master from Perforce after commits have
+    been submitted. Implies --disable-rebase. Can also be set with
+    git-p4.disableP4Sync. Sync with origin/master still goes ahead if possible.
+
+Hook for submit
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+The `p4-pre-submit` hook is executed if it exists and is executable.
+The hook takes no parameters and nothing from standard input. Exiting with
+non-zero status from this script prevents `git-p4 submit` from launching.
+
+One usage scenario is to run unit tests in the hook.
+
 Rebase options
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 These options can be used to modify 'git p4 rebase' behavior.
@@ -311,6 +389,13 @@ These options can be used to modify 'git p4 rebase' behavior.
 --import-labels::
 	Import p4 labels.
 
+Unshelve options
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+--origin::
+    Sets the git refspec against which the shelved P4 changelist is compared.
+    Defaults to p4/master.
+
 DEPOT PATH SYNTAX
 -----------------
 The p4 depot path argument to 'git p4 sync' and 'git p4 clone' can
@@ -330,7 +415,7 @@ p4 revision specifier on the end:
     Import all changes from both named depot paths into a single
     repository.  Only files below these directories are included.
     There is not a subdirectory in Git for each "proj1" and "proj2".
-    You must use the '--destination' option when specifying more
+    You must use the `--destination` option when specifying more
     than one depot path.  The revision specifier must be specified
     identically on each depot path.  If there are files in the
     depot paths with the same name, the path with the most recently
@@ -344,7 +429,7 @@ CLIENT SPEC
 The p4 client specification is maintained with the 'p4 client' command
 and contains among other fields, a View that specifies how the depot
 is mapped into the client repository.  The 'clone' and 'sync' commands
-can consult the client spec when given the '--use-client-spec' option or
+can consult the client spec when given the `--use-client-spec` option or
 when the useClientSpec variable is true.  After 'git p4 clone', the
 useClientSpec variable is automatically set in the repository
 configuration file.  This allows future 'git p4 submit' commands to
@@ -366,7 +451,7 @@ dedicating a client spec just for 'git p4'.
 The name of the client can be given to 'git p4' in multiple ways.  The
 variable 'git-p4.client' takes precedence if it exists.  Otherwise,
 normal p4 mechanisms of determining the client are used:  environment
-variable P4CLIENT, a file referenced by P4CONFIG, or the local host name.
+variable `P4CLIENT`, a file referenced by `P4CONFIG`, or the local host name.
 
 
 BRANCH DETECTION
@@ -379,7 +464,7 @@ different areas in the tree, and indicate related content.  'git p4'
 can use these mappings to determine branch relationships.
 
 If you have a repository where all the branches of interest exist as
-subdirectories of a single depot path, you can use '--detect-branches'
+subdirectories of a single depot path, you can use `--detect-branches`
 when cloning or syncing to have 'git p4' automatically find
 subdirectories in p4, and to generate these as branches in Git.
 
@@ -435,27 +520,33 @@ General variables
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 git-p4.user::
 	User specified as an option to all p4 commands, with '-u <user>'.
-	The environment variable 'P4USER' can be used instead.
+	The environment variable `P4USER` can be used instead.
 
 git-p4.password::
 	Password specified as an option to all p4 commands, with
 	'-P <password>'.
-	The environment variable 'P4PASS' can be used instead.
+	The environment variable `P4PASS` can be used instead.
 
 git-p4.port::
 	Port specified as an option to all p4 commands, with
 	'-p <port>'.
-	The environment variable 'P4PORT' can be used instead.
+	The environment variable `P4PORT` can be used instead.
 
 git-p4.host::
 	Host specified as an option to all p4 commands, with
 	'-h <host>'.
-	The environment variable 'P4HOST' can be used instead.
+	The environment variable `P4HOST` can be used instead.
 
 git-p4.client::
 	Client specified as an option to all p4 commands, with
 	'-c <client>', including the client spec.
 
+git-p4.retries::
+	Specifies the number of times to retry a p4 command (notably,
+	'p4 sync') if the network times out. The default value is 3.
+	Set the value to 0 to disable retries or if your p4 version
+	does not support retries (pre 2012.2).
+
 Clone and sync variables
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 git-p4.syncFromOrigin::
@@ -496,9 +587,61 @@ git-p4.labelImportRegexp::
 git-p4.useClientSpec::
 	Specify that the p4 client spec should be used to identify p4
 	depot paths of interest.  This is equivalent to specifying the
-	option '--use-client-spec'.  See the "CLIENT SPEC" section above.
+	option `--use-client-spec`.  See the "CLIENT SPEC" section above.
 	This variable is a boolean, not the name of a p4 client.
 
+git-p4.pathEncoding::
+	Perforce keeps the encoding of a path as given by the originating OS.
+	Git expects paths encoded as UTF-8. Use this config to tell git-p4
+	what encoding Perforce had used for the paths. This encoding is used
+	to transcode the paths to UTF-8. As an example, Perforce on Windows
+	often uses "cp1252" to encode path names.
+
+git-p4.largeFileSystem::
+	Specify the system that is used for large (binary) files. Please note
+	that large file systems do not support the 'git p4 submit' command.
+	Only Git LFS is implemented right now (see https://git-lfs.github.com/
+	for more information). Download and install the Git LFS command line
+	extension to use this option and configure it like this:
++
+-------------
+git config       git-p4.largeFileSystem GitLFS
+-------------
+
+git-p4.largeFileExtensions::
+	All files matching a file extension in the list will be processed
+	by the large file system. Do not prefix the extensions with '.'.
+
+git-p4.largeFileThreshold::
+	All files with an uncompressed size exceeding the threshold will be
+	processed by the large file system. By default the threshold is
+	defined in bytes. Add the suffix k, m, or g to change the unit.
+
+git-p4.largeFileCompressedThreshold::
+	All files with a compressed size exceeding the threshold will be
+	processed by the large file system. This option might slow down
+	your clone/sync process. By default the threshold is defined in
+	bytes. Add the suffix k, m, or g to change the unit.
+
+git-p4.largeFilePush::
+	Boolean variable which defines if large files are automatically
+	pushed to a server.
+
+git-p4.keepEmptyCommits::
+	A changelist that contains only excluded files will be imported
+	as an empty commit if this boolean option is set to true.
+
+git-p4.mapUser::
+	Map a P4 user to a name and email address in Git. Use a string
+	with the following format to create a mapping:
++
+-------------
+git config --add git-p4.mapUser "p4user = First Last <mail@address.com>"
+-------------
++
+A mapping will override any user information from P4. Mappings for
+multiple P4 user can be defined.
+
 Submit variables
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 git-p4.detectRenames::
@@ -560,6 +703,12 @@ git-p4.conflict::
 	Specify submit behavior when a conflict with p4 is found, as per
 	--conflict.  The default behavior is 'ask'.
 
+git-p4.disableRebase::
+    Do not rebase the tree against p4/master following a submit.
+
+git-p4.disableP4Sync::
+    Do not sync p4/master with Perforce following a submit. Implies git-p4.disableRebase.
+
 IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
 ----------------------
 * Changesets from p4 are imported using Git fast-import.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
index c2f76fb1ea..d95b472d16 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
@@ -12,14 +12,16 @@ SYNOPSIS
 'git pack-objects' [-q | --progress | --all-progress] [--all-progress-implied]
 	[--no-reuse-delta] [--delta-base-offset] [--non-empty]
 	[--local] [--incremental] [--window=<n>] [--depth=<n>]
-	[--revs [--unpacked | --all]] [--stdout | base-name]
+	[--revs [--unpacked | --all]] [--keep-pack=<pack-name>]
+	[--stdout [--filter=<filter-spec>] | base-name]
 	[--shallow] [--keep-true-parents] < object-list
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Reads list of objects from the standard input, and writes a packed
-archive with specified base-name, or to the standard output.
+Reads list of objects from the standard input, and writes either one or
+more packed archives with the specified base-name to disk, or a packed
+archive to the standard output.
 
 A packed archive is an efficient way to transfer a set of objects
 between two repositories as well as an access efficient archival
@@ -47,9 +49,9 @@ transport by their peers.
 OPTIONS
 -------
 base-name::
-	Write into a pair of files (.pack and .idx), using
+	Write into pairs of files (.pack and .idx), using
 	<base-name> to determine the name of the created file.
-	When this option is used, the two files are written in
+	When this option is used, the two files in a pair are written in
 	<base-name>-<SHA-1>.{pack,idx} files.  <SHA-1> is a hash
 	based on the pack content and is written to the standard
 	output of the command.
@@ -94,7 +96,9 @@ base-name::
 	it too deep affects the performance on the unpacker
 	side, because delta data needs to be applied that many
 	times to get to the necessary object.
-	The default value for --window is 10 and --depth is 50.
++
+The default value for --window is 10 and --depth is 50. The maximum
+depth is 4095.
 
 --window-memory=<n>::
 	This option provides an additional limit on top of `--window`;
@@ -104,13 +108,18 @@ base-name::
 	out of memory with a large window, but still be able to take
 	advantage of the large window for the smaller objects.  The
 	size can be suffixed with "k", "m", or "g".
-	`--window-memory=0` makes memory usage unlimited, which is the
-	default.
+	`--window-memory=0` makes memory usage unlimited.  The default
+	is taken from the `pack.windowMemory` configuration variable.
 
 --max-pack-size=<n>::
-	Maximum size of each output pack file. The size can be suffixed with
+	In unusual scenarios, you may not be able to create files
+	larger than a certain size on your filesystem, and this option
+	can be used to tell the command to split the output packfile
+	into multiple independent packfiles, each not larger than the
+	given size. The size can be suffixed with
 	"k", "m", or "g". The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB.
-	If specified,  multiple packfiles may be created.
+	This option
+	prevents the creation of a bitmap index.
 	The default is unlimited, unless the config variable
 	`pack.packSizeLimit` is set.
 
@@ -119,6 +128,13 @@ base-name::
 	has a .keep file to be ignored, even if it would have
 	otherwise been packed.
 
+--keep-pack=<pack-name>::
+	This flag causes an object already in the given pack to be
+	ignored, even if it would have otherwise been
+	packed. `<pack-name>` is the the pack file name without
+	leading directory (e.g. `pack-123.pack`). The option could be
+	specified multiple times to keep multiple packs.
+
 --incremental::
 	This flag causes an object already in a pack to be ignored
 	even if it would have otherwise been packed.
@@ -192,7 +208,7 @@ self-contained. Use `git index-pack --fix-thin`
 
 --shallow::
 	Optimize a pack that will be provided to a client with a shallow
-	repository.  This option, combined with \--thin, can result in a
+	repository.  This option, combined with --thin, can result in a
 	smaller pack at the cost of speed.
 
 --delta-base-offset::
@@ -230,6 +246,49 @@ So does `git bundle` (see linkgit:git-bundle[1]) when it creates a bundle.
 	With this option, parents that are hidden by grafts are packed
 	nevertheless.
 
+--filter=<filter-spec>::
+	Requires `--stdout`.  Omits certain objects (usually blobs) from
+	the resulting packfile.  See linkgit:git-rev-list[1] for valid
+	`<filter-spec>` forms.
+
+--no-filter::
+	Turns off any previous `--filter=` argument.
+
+--missing=<missing-action>::
+	A debug option to help with future "partial clone" development.
+	This option specifies how missing objects are handled.
++
+The form '--missing=error' requests that pack-objects stop with an error if
+a missing object is encountered.  This is the default action.
++
+The form '--missing=allow-any' will allow object traversal to continue
+if a missing object is encountered.  Missing objects will silently be
+omitted from the results.
++
+The form '--missing=allow-promisor' is like 'allow-any', but will only
+allow object traversal to continue for EXPECTED promisor missing objects.
+Unexpected missing object will raise an error.
+
+--exclude-promisor-objects::
+	Omit objects that are known to be in the promisor remote.  (This
+	option has the purpose of operating only on locally created objects,
+	so that when we repack, we still maintain a distinction between
+	locally created objects [without .promisor] and objects from the
+	promisor remote [with .promisor].)  This is used with partial clone.
+
+--keep-unreachable::
+	Objects unreachable from the refs in packs named with
+	--unpacked= option are added to the resulting pack, in
+	addition to the reachable objects that are not in packs marked
+	with *.keep files. This implies `--revs`.
+
+--pack-loose-unreachable::
+	Pack unreachable loose objects (and their loose counterparts
+	removed). This implies `--revs`.
+
+--unpack-unreachable::
+	Keep unreachable objects in loose form. This implies `--revs`.
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-rev-list[1]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt b/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt
index 31efc587ee..442caff8a9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt
@@ -8,10 +8,12 @@ git-patch-id - Compute unique ID for a patch
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git patch-id' [--stable | --unstable] < <patch>
+'git patch-id' [--stable | --unstable]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
+Read a patch from the standard input and compute the patch ID for it.
+
 A "patch ID" is nothing but a sum of SHA-1 of the file diffs associated with a
 patch, with whitespace and line numbers ignored.  As such, it's "reasonably
 stable", but at the same time also reasonably unique, i.e., two patches that
@@ -54,9 +56,6 @@ OPTIONS
 
 	This is the default.
 
-<patch>::
-	The diff to create the ID of.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-prune.txt b/Documentation/git-prune.txt
index 7a493c80f7..03552dd86f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-prune.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-prune.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-prune - Prune all unreachable objects from the object database
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git prune' [-n] [-v] [--expire <expire>] [--] [<head>...]
+'git prune' [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -42,19 +42,22 @@ OPTIONS
 --verbose::
 	Report all removed objects.
 
-\--::
-	Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
+--progress::
+	Show progress.
 
 --expire <time>::
 	Only expire loose objects older than <time>.
 
+\--::
+	Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
+
 <head>...::
 	In addition to objects
 	reachable from any of our references, keep objects
 	reachable from listed <head>s.
 
-EXAMPLE
--------
+EXAMPLES
+--------
 
 To prune objects not used by your repository or another that
 borrows from your repository via its
@@ -64,7 +67,7 @@ borrows from your repository via its
 $ git prune $(cd ../another && git rev-parse --all)
 ------------
 
-Notes
+NOTES
 -----
 
 In most cases, users will not need to call 'git prune' directly, but
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pull.txt b/Documentation/git-pull.txt
index 200eb22260..118d9d86f7 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pull.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pull.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-pull - Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git pull' [options] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]
+'git pull' [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -67,16 +67,13 @@ with uncommitted changes is discouraged: while possible, it leaves you
 in a state that may be hard to back out of in the case of a conflict.
 
 If any of the remote changes overlap with local uncommitted changes,
-the merge will be automatically cancelled and the work tree untouched.
+the merge will be automatically canceled and the work tree untouched.
 It is generally best to get any local changes in working order before
 pulling or stash them away with linkgit:git-stash[1].
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
-Options meant for 'git pull' itself and the underlying 'git merge'
-must be given before the options meant for 'git fetch'.
-
 -q::
 --quiet::
 	This is passed to both underlying git-fetch to squelch reporting of
@@ -89,12 +86,12 @@ must be given before the options meant for 'git fetch'.
 
 --[no-]recurse-submodules[=yes|on-demand|no]::
 	This option controls if new commits of all populated submodules should
-	be fetched too (see linkgit:git-config[1] and linkgit:gitmodules[5]).
-	That might be necessary to get the data needed for merging submodule
-	commits, a feature Git learned in 1.7.3. Notice that the result of a
-	merge will not be checked out in the submodule, "git submodule update"
-	has to be called afterwards to bring the work tree up to date with the
-	merge result.
+	be fetched and updated, too (see linkgit:git-config[1] and
+	linkgit:gitmodules[5]).
++
+If the checkout is done via rebase, local submodule commits are rebased as well.
++
+If the update is done via merge, the submodule conflicts are resolved and checked out.
 
 Options related to merging
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -104,20 +101,25 @@ Options related to merging
 include::merge-options.txt[]
 
 -r::
---rebase[=false|true|preserve]::
+--rebase[=false|true|merges|preserve|interactive]::
 	When true, rebase the current branch on top of the upstream
 	branch after fetching. If there is a remote-tracking branch
 	corresponding to the upstream branch and the upstream branch
 	was rebased since last fetched, the rebase uses that information
 	to avoid rebasing non-local changes.
 +
-When preserve, also rebase the current branch on top of the upstream
-branch, but pass `--preserve-merges` along to `git rebase` so that
-locally created merge commits will not be flattened.
+When set to `merges`, rebase using `git rebase --rebase-merges` so that
+the local merge commits are included in the rebase (see
+linkgit:git-rebase[1] for details).
++
+When set to preserve, rebase with the `--preserve-merges` option passed
+to `git rebase` so that locally created merge commits will not be flattened.
 +
 When false, merge the current branch into the upstream branch.
 +
-See `pull.rebase`, `branch.<name>.rebase` and `branch.autosetuprebase` in
+When `interactive`, enable the interactive mode of rebase.
++
+See `pull.rebase`, `branch.<name>.rebase` and `branch.autoSetupRebase` in
 linkgit:git-config[1] if you want to make `git pull` always use
 `--rebase` instead of merging.
 +
@@ -130,6 +132,15 @@ unless you have read linkgit:git-rebase[1] carefully.
 --no-rebase::
 	Override earlier --rebase.
 
+--autostash::
+--no-autostash::
+	Before starting rebase, stash local modifications away (see
+	linkgit:git-stash[1]) if needed, and apply the stash entry when
+	done. `--no-autostash` is useful to override the `rebase.autoStash`
+	configuration variable (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
++
+This option is only valid when "--rebase" is used.
+
 Options related to fetching
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -152,15 +163,15 @@ present while on branch `<name>`, that value is used instead of
 
 In order to determine what URL to use to fetch from, the value
 of the configuration `remote.<origin>.url` is consulted
-and if there is not any such variable, the value on `URL: ` line
-in `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<origin>` file is used.
+and if there is not any such variable, the value on the `URL:` line
+in `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<origin>` is used.
 
 In order to determine what remote branches to fetch (and
 optionally store in the remote-tracking branches) when the command is
 run without any refspec parameters on the command line, values
 of the configuration variable `remote.<origin>.fetch` are
 consulted, and if there aren't any, `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<origin>`
-file is consulted and its `Pull: ` lines are used.
+is consulted and its `Pull:` lines are used.
 In addition to the refspec formats described in the OPTIONS
 section, you can have a globbing refspec that looks like this:
 
@@ -203,7 +214,8 @@ EXAMPLES
   current branch:
 +
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git pull, git pull origin
+$ git pull
+$ git pull origin
 ------------------------------------------------
 +
 Normally the branch merged in is the HEAD of the remote repository,
@@ -230,6 +242,8 @@ If you tried a pull which resulted in complex conflicts and
 would want to start over, you can recover with 'git reset'.
 
 
+include::transfer-data-leaks.txt[]
+
 BUGS
 ----
 Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked
diff --git a/Documentation/git-push.txt b/Documentation/git-push.txt
index e1a46a7958..55277a9781 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-push.txt
@@ -10,8 +10,9 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git push' [--all | --mirror | --tags] [--follow-tags] [--atomic] [-n | --dry-run] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>]
-	   [--repo=<repository>] [-f | --force] [--prune] [-v | --verbose]
-	   [-u | --set-upstream] [--signed]
+	   [--repo=<repository>] [-f | --force] [-d | --delete] [--prune] [-v | --verbose]
+	   [-u | --set-upstream] [-o <string> | --push-option=<string>]
+	   [--[no-]signed|--signed=(true|false|if-asked)]
 	   [--force-with-lease[=<refname>[:<expect>]]]
 	   [--no-verify] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]
 
@@ -36,6 +37,13 @@ the default `<refspec>` by consulting `remote.*.push` configuration,
 and if it is not found, honors `push.default` configuration to decide
 what to push (See linkgit:git-config[1] for the meaning of `push.default`).
 
+When neither the command-line nor the configuration specify what to
+push, the default behavior is used, which corresponds to the `simple`
+value for `push.default`: the current branch is pushed to the
+corresponding upstream branch, but as a safety measure, the push is
+aborted if the upstream branch does not have the same name as the
+local one.
+
 
 OPTIONS[[OPTIONS]]
 ------------------
@@ -61,7 +69,7 @@ be named.
 If `git push [<repository>]` without any `<refspec>` argument is set to
 update some ref at the destination with `<src>` with
 `remote.<repository>.push` configuration variable, `:<dst>` part can
-be omitted---such a push will update a ref that `<src>` normally updates
+be omitted--such a push will update a ref that `<src>` normally updates
 without any `<refspec>` on the command line.  Otherwise, missing
 `:<dst>` means to update the same ref as the `<src>`.
 +
@@ -115,6 +123,7 @@ already exists on the remote side.
 	will be tab-separated and sent to stdout instead of stderr.  The full
 	symbolic names of the refs will be given.
 
+-d::
 --delete::
 	All listed refs are deleted from the remote repository. This is
 	the same as prefixing all refs with a colon.
@@ -128,19 +137,38 @@ already exists on the remote side.
 	Push all the refs that would be pushed without this option,
 	and also push annotated tags in `refs/tags` that are missing
 	from the remote but are pointing at commit-ish that are
-	reachable from the refs being pushed.
+	reachable from the refs being pushed.  This can also be specified
+	with configuration variable `push.followTags`.  For more
+	information, see `push.followTags` in linkgit:git-config[1].
 
---signed::
+--[no-]signed::
+--signed=(true|false|if-asked)::
 	GPG-sign the push request to update refs on the receiving
 	side, to allow it to be checked by the hooks and/or be
-	logged.  See linkgit:git-receive-pack[1] for the details
-	on the receiving end.
+	logged.  If `false` or `--no-signed`, no signing will be
+	attempted.  If `true` or `--signed`, the push will fail if the
+	server does not support signed pushes.  If set to `if-asked`,
+	sign if and only if the server supports signed pushes.  The push
+	will also fail if the actual call to `gpg --sign` fails.  See
+	linkgit:git-receive-pack[1] for the details on the receiving end.
 
 --[no-]atomic::
 	Use an atomic transaction on the remote side if available.
 	Either all refs are updated, or on error, no refs are updated.
 	If the server does not support atomic pushes the push will fail.
 
+-o <option>::
+--push-option=<option>::
+	Transmit the given string to the server, which passes them to
+	the pre-receive as well as the post-receive hook. The given string
+	must not contain a NUL or LF character.
+	When multiple `--push-option=<option>` are given, they are
+	all sent to the other side in the order listed on the
+	command line.
+	When no `--push-option=<option>` is given from the command
+	line, the values of configuration variable `push.pushOption`
+	are used instead.
+
 --receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>::
 --exec=<git-receive-pack>::
 	Path to the 'git-receive-pack' program on the remote
@@ -154,9 +182,8 @@ already exists on the remote side.
 	Usually, "git push" refuses to update a remote ref that is
 	not an ancestor of the local ref used to overwrite it.
 +
-This option bypasses the check, but instead requires that the
-current value of the ref to be the expected value.  "git push"
-fails otherwise.
+This option overrides this restriction if the current value of the
+remote ref is the expected value.  "git push" fails otherwise.
 +
 Imagine that you have to rebase what you have already published.
 You will have to bypass the "must fast-forward" rule in order to
@@ -168,15 +195,14 @@ commit, and blindly pushing with `--force` will lose her work.
 This option allows you to say that you expect the history you are
 updating is what you rebased and want to replace. If the remote ref
 still points at the commit you specified, you can be sure that no
-other people did anything to the ref (it is like taking a "lease" on
-the ref without explicitly locking it, and you update the ref while
-making sure that your earlier "lease" is still valid).
+other people did anything to the ref. It is like taking a "lease" on
+the ref without explicitly locking it, and the remote ref is updated
+only if the "lease" is still valid.
 +
 `--force-with-lease` alone, without specifying the details, will protect
 all remote refs that are going to be updated by requiring their
 current value to be the same as the remote-tracking branch we have
-for them, unless specified with a `--force-with-lease=<refname>:<expect>`
-option that explicitly states what the expected value is.
+for them.
 +
 `--force-with-lease=<refname>`, without specifying the expected value, will
 protect the named ref (alone), if it is going to be updated, by
@@ -185,10 +211,11 @@ branch we have for it.
 +
 `--force-with-lease=<refname>:<expect>` will protect the named ref (alone),
 if it is going to be updated, by requiring its current value to be
-the same as the specified value <expect> (which is allowed to be
+the same as the specified value `<expect>` (which is allowed to be
 different from the remote-tracking branch we have for the refname,
 or we do not even have to have such a remote-tracking branch when
-this form is used).
+this form is used).  If `<expect>` is the empty string, then the named ref
+must not already exist.
 +
 Note that all forms other than `--force-with-lease=<refname>:<expect>`
 that specifies the expected current value of the ref explicitly are
@@ -197,6 +224,47 @@ with this feature.
 +
 "--no-force-with-lease" will cancel all the previous --force-with-lease on the
 command line.
++
+A general note on safety: supplying this option without an expected
+value, i.e. as `--force-with-lease` or `--force-with-lease=<refname>`
+interacts very badly with anything that implicitly runs `git fetch` on
+the remote to be pushed to in the background, e.g. `git fetch origin`
+on your repository in a cronjob.
++
+The protection it offers over `--force` is ensuring that subsequent
+changes your work wasn't based on aren't clobbered, but this is
+trivially defeated if some background process is updating refs in the
+background. We don't have anything except the remote tracking info to
+go by as a heuristic for refs you're expected to have seen & are
+willing to clobber.
++
+If your editor or some other system is running `git fetch` in the
+background for you a way to mitigate this is to simply set up another
+remote:
++
+	git remote add origin-push $(git config remote.origin.url)
+	git fetch origin-push
++
+Now when the background process runs `git fetch origin` the references
+on `origin-push` won't be updated, and thus commands like:
++
+	git push --force-with-lease origin-push
++
+Will fail unless you manually run `git fetch origin-push`. This method
+is of course entirely defeated by something that runs `git fetch
+--all`, in that case you'd need to either disable it or do something
+more tedious like:
++
+	git fetch              # update 'master' from remote
+	git tag base master    # mark our base point
+	git rebase -i master   # rewrite some commits
+	git push --force-with-lease=master:base master:master
++
+I.e. create a `base` tag for versions of the upstream code that you've
+seen and are willing to overwrite, then rewrite history, and finally
+force push changes to `master` if the remote version is still at
+`base`, regardless of what your local `remotes/origin/master` has been
+updated to in the background.
 
 -f::
 --force::
@@ -227,13 +295,13 @@ origin +master` to force a push to the `master` branch). See the
 	For every branch that is up to date or successfully pushed, add
 	upstream (tracking) reference, used by argument-less
 	linkgit:git-pull[1] and other commands. For more information,
-	see 'branch.<name>.merge' in linkgit:git-config[1].
+	see `branch.<name>.merge` in linkgit:git-config[1].
 
 --[no-]thin::
 	These options are passed to linkgit:git-send-pack[1]. A thin transfer
 	significantly reduces the amount of sent data when the sender and
 	receiver share many of the same objects in common. The default is
-	\--thin.
+	`--thin`.
 
 -q::
 --quiet::
@@ -251,22 +319,34 @@ origin +master` to force a push to the `master` branch). See the
 	is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the
 	standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.
 
---recurse-submodules=check|on-demand::
-	Make sure all submodule commits used by the revisions to be
-	pushed are available on a remote-tracking branch. If 'check' is
-	used Git will verify that all submodule commits that changed in
-	the revisions to be pushed are available on at least one remote
-	of the submodule. If any commits are missing the push will be
-	aborted and exit with non-zero status. If 'on-demand' is used
-	all submodules that changed in the revisions to be pushed will
-	be pushed. If on-demand was not able to push all necessary
-	revisions it will also be aborted and exit with non-zero status.
+--no-recurse-submodules::
+--recurse-submodules=check|on-demand|only|no::
+	May be used to make sure all submodule commits used by the
+	revisions to be pushed are available on a remote-tracking branch.
+	If 'check' is used Git will verify that all submodule commits that
+	changed in the revisions to be pushed are available on at least one
+	remote of the submodule. If any commits are missing the push will
+	be aborted and exit with non-zero status. If 'on-demand' is used
+	all submodules that changed in the revisions to be pushed will be
+	pushed. If on-demand was not able to push all necessary revisions it will
+	also be aborted and exit with non-zero status. If 'only' is used all
+	submodules will be recursively pushed while the superproject is left
+	unpushed. A value of 'no' or using `--no-recurse-submodules` can be used
+	to override the push.recurseSubmodules configuration variable when no
+	submodule recursion is required.
 
 --[no-]verify::
 	Toggle the pre-push hook (see linkgit:githooks[5]).  The
-	default is \--verify, giving the hook a chance to prevent the
-	push.  With \--no-verify, the hook is bypassed completely.
+	default is --verify, giving the hook a chance to prevent the
+	push.  With --no-verify, the hook is bypassed completely.
+
+-4::
+--ipv4::
+	Use IPv4 addresses only, ignoring IPv6 addresses.
 
+-6::
+--ipv6::
+	Use IPv6 addresses only, ignoring IPv4 addresses.
 
 include::urls-remotes.txt[]
 
@@ -344,7 +424,7 @@ reason::
 	refs, no explanation is needed. For a failed ref, the reason for
 	failure is described.
 
-Note about fast-forwards
+NOTE ABOUT FAST-FORWARDS
 ------------------------
 
 When an update changes a branch (or more in general, a ref) that used to
@@ -431,7 +511,7 @@ overwrite it. In other words, "git push --force" is a method reserved for
 a case where you do mean to lose history.
 
 
-Examples
+EXAMPLES
 --------
 
 `git push`::
@@ -528,6 +608,8 @@ Commits A and B would no longer belong to a branch with a symbolic name,
 and so would be unreachable.  As such, these commits would be removed by
 a `git gc` command on the origin repository.
 
+include::transfer-data-leaks.txt[]
+
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt b/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
index d64388cb8e..8cf952b4de 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git quiltimport' [--dry-run | -n] [--author <author>] [--patches <dir>]
+		[--series <file>]
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -42,11 +43,17 @@ OPTIONS
 	information can be found in the patch description.
 
 --patches <dir>::
-	The directory to find the quilt patches and the
-	quilt series file.
+	The directory to find the quilt patches.
 +
 The default for the patch directory is patches
-or the value of the $QUILT_PATCHES environment
+or the value of the `$QUILT_PATCHES` environment
+variable.
+
+--series <file>::
+	The quilt series file.
++
+The default for the series file is <patches>/series
+or the value of the `$QUILT_SERIES` environment
 variable.
 
 GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/git-range-diff.txt b/Documentation/git-range-diff.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f693930fdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-range-diff.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+git-range-diff(1)
+=================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-range-diff - Compare two commit ranges (e.g. two versions of a branch)
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git range-diff' [--color=[<when>]] [--no-color] [<diff-options>]
+	[--no-dual-color] [--creation-factor=<factor>]
+	( <range1> <range2> | <rev1>...<rev2> | <base> <rev1> <rev2> )
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+This command shows the differences between two versions of a patch
+series, or more generally, two commit ranges (ignoring merge commits).
+
+To that end, it first finds pairs of commits from both commit ranges
+that correspond with each other. Two commits are said to correspond when
+the diff between their patches (i.e. the author information, the commit
+message and the commit diff) is reasonably small compared to the
+patches' size. See ``Algorithm`` below for details.
+
+Finally, the list of matching commits is shown in the order of the
+second commit range, with unmatched commits being inserted just after
+all of their ancestors have been shown.
+
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+--no-dual-color::
+	When the commit diffs differ, `git range-diff` recreates the
+	original diffs' coloring, and adds outer -/+ diff markers with
+	the *background* being red/green to make it easier to see e.g.
+	when there was a change in what exact lines were added.
++
+Additionally, the commit diff lines that are only present in the first commit
+range are shown "dimmed" (this can be overridden using the `color.diff.<slot>`
+config setting where `<slot>` is one of `contextDimmed`, `oldDimmed` and
+`newDimmed`), and the commit diff lines that are only present in the second
+commit range are shown in bold (which can be overridden using the config
+settings `color.diff.<slot>` with `<slot>` being one of `contextBold`,
+`oldBold` or `newBold`).
++
+This is known to `range-diff` as "dual coloring". Use `--no-dual-color`
+to revert to color all lines according to the outer diff markers
+(and completely ignore the inner diff when it comes to color).
+
+--creation-factor=<percent>::
+	Set the creation/deletion cost fudge factor to `<percent>`.
+	Defaults to 60. Try a larger value if `git range-diff` erroneously
+	considers a large change a total rewrite (deletion of one commit
+	and addition of another), and a smaller one in the reverse case.
+	See the ``Algorithm`` section below for an explanation why this is
+	needed.
+
+<range1> <range2>::
+	Compare the commits specified by the two ranges, where
+	`<range1>` is considered an older version of `<range2>`.
+
+<rev1>...<rev2>::
+	Equivalent to passing `<rev2>..<rev1>` and `<rev1>..<rev2>`.
+
+<base> <rev1> <rev2>::
+	Equivalent to passing `<base>..<rev1>` and `<base>..<rev2>`.
+	Note that `<base>` does not need to be the exact branch point
+	of the branches. Example: after rebasing a branch `my-topic`,
+	`git range-diff my-topic@{u} my-topic@{1} my-topic` would
+	show the differences introduced by the rebase.
+
+`git range-diff` also accepts the regular diff options (see
+linkgit:git-diff[1]), most notably the `--color=[<when>]` and
+`--no-color` options. These options are used when generating the "diff
+between patches", i.e. to compare the author, commit message and diff of
+corresponding old/new commits. There is currently no means to tweak the
+diff options passed to `git log` when generating those patches.
+
+
+CONFIGURATION
+-------------
+This command uses the `diff.color.*` and `pager.range-diff` settings
+(the latter is on by default).
+See linkgit:git-config[1].
+
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+When a rebase required merge conflicts to be resolved, compare the changes
+introduced by the rebase directly afterwards using:
+
+------------
+$ git range-diff @{u} @{1} @
+------------
+
+
+A typical output of `git range-diff` would look like this:
+
+------------
+-:  ------- > 1:  0ddba11 Prepare for the inevitable!
+1:  c0debee = 2:  cab005e Add a helpful message at the start
+2:  f00dbal ! 3:  decafe1 Describe a bug
+    @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
+     Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+
+    -TODO: Describe a bug
+    +Describe a bug
+    @@ -324,5 +324,6
+      This is expected.
+
+    -+What is unexpected is that it will also crash.
+    ++Unexpectedly, it also crashes. This is a bug, and the jury is
+    ++still out there how to fix it best. See ticket #314 for details.
+
+      Contact
+3:  bedead < -:  ------- TO-UNDO
+------------
+
+In this example, there are 3 old and 3 new commits, where the developer
+removed the 3rd, added a new one before the first two, and modified the
+commit message of the 2nd commit as well its diff.
+
+When the output goes to a terminal, it is color-coded by default, just
+like regular `git diff`'s output. In addition, the first line (adding a
+commit) is green, the last line (deleting a commit) is red, the second
+line (with a perfect match) is yellow like the commit header of `git
+show`'s output, and the third line colors the old commit red, the new
+one green and the rest like `git show`'s commit header.
+
+A naive color-coded diff of diffs is actually a bit hard to read,
+though, as it colors the entire lines red or green. The line that added
+"What is unexpected" in the old commit, for example, is completely red,
+even if the intent of the old commit was to add something.
+
+To help with that, `range` uses the `--dual-color` mode by default. In
+this mode, the diff of diffs will retain the original diff colors, and
+prefix the lines with -/+ markers that have their *background* red or
+green, to make it more obvious that they describe how the diff itself
+changed.
+
+
+Algorithm
+---------
+
+The general idea is this: we generate a cost matrix between the commits
+in both commit ranges, then solve the least-cost assignment.
+
+The cost matrix is populated thusly: for each pair of commits, both
+diffs are generated and the "diff of diffs" is generated, with 3 context
+lines, then the number of lines in that diff is used as cost.
+
+To avoid false positives (e.g. when a patch has been removed, and an
+unrelated patch has been added between two iterations of the same patch
+series), the cost matrix is extended to allow for that, by adding
+fixed-cost entries for wholesale deletes/adds.
+
+Example: Let commits `1--2` be the first iteration of a patch series and
+`A--C` the second iteration. Let's assume that `A` is a cherry-pick of
+`2,` and `C` is a cherry-pick of `1` but with a small modification (say,
+a fixed typo). Visualize the commits as a bipartite graph:
+
+------------
+    1            A
+
+    2            B
+
+		 C
+------------
+
+We are looking for a "best" explanation of the new series in terms of
+the old one. We can represent an "explanation" as an edge in the graph:
+
+
+------------
+    1            A
+	       /
+    2 --------'  B
+
+		 C
+------------
+
+This explanation comes for "free" because there was no change. Similarly
+`C` could be explained using `1`, but that comes at some cost c>0
+because of the modification:
+
+------------
+    1 ----.      A
+	  |    /
+    2 ----+---'  B
+	  |
+	  `----- C
+	  c>0
+------------
+
+In mathematical terms, what we are looking for is some sort of a minimum
+cost bipartite matching; `1` is matched to `C` at some cost, etc. The
+underlying graph is in fact a complete bipartite graph; the cost we
+associate with every edge is the size of the diff between the two
+commits' patches. To explain also new commits, we introduce dummy nodes
+on both sides:
+
+------------
+    1 ----.      A
+	  |    /
+    2 ----+---'  B
+	  |
+    o     `----- C
+	  c>0
+    o            o
+
+    o            o
+------------
+
+The cost of an edge `o--C` is the size of `C`'s diff, modified by a
+fudge factor that should be smaller than 100%. The cost of an edge
+`o--o` is free. The fudge factor is necessary because even if `1` and
+`C` have nothing in common, they may still share a few empty lines and
+such, possibly making the assignment `1--C`, `o--o` slightly cheaper
+than `1--o`, `o--C` even if `1` and `C` have nothing in common. With the
+fudge factor we require a much larger common part to consider patches as
+corresponding.
+
+The overall time needed to compute this algorithm is the time needed to
+compute n+m commit diffs and then n*m diffs of patches, plus the time
+needed to compute the least-cost assigment between n and m diffs. Git
+uses an implementation of the Jonker-Volgenant algorithm to solve the
+assignment problem, which has cubic runtime complexity. The matching
+found in this case will look like this:
+
+------------
+    1 ----.      A
+	  |    /
+    2 ----+---'  B
+       .--+-----'
+    o -'  `----- C
+	  c>0
+    o ---------- o
+
+    o ---------- o
+------------
+
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-log[1]
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt
index fa1d557e5b..5c70bc2878 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt
@@ -81,12 +81,11 @@ OPTIONS
 * when both sides add a path identically.  The resolution
   is to add that path.
 
---prefix=<prefix>/::
+--prefix=<prefix>::
 	Keep the current index contents, and read the contents
 	of the named tree-ish under the directory at `<prefix>`.
 	The command will refuse to overwrite entries that already
-	existed in the original index file. Note that the `<prefix>/`
-	value must end with a slash.
+	existed in the original index file.
 
 --exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>::
 	When running the command with `-u` and `-m` options, the
@@ -115,6 +114,12 @@ OPTIONS
 	directories the index file and index output file are
 	located in.
 
+--[no-]recurse-submodules::
+	Using --recurse-submodules will update the content of all initialized
+	submodules according to the commit recorded in the superproject by
+	calling read-tree recursively, also setting the submodules HEAD to be
+	detached at that commit.
+
 --no-sparse-checkout::
 	Disable sparse checkout support even if `core.sparseCheckout`
 	is true.
@@ -127,11 +132,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	The id of the tree object(s) to be read/merged.
 
 
-Merging
+MERGING
 -------
 If `-m` is specified, 'git read-tree' can perform 3 kinds of
 merge, a single tree merge if only 1 tree is given, a
-fast-forward merge with 2 trees, or a 3-way merge if 3 trees are
+fast-forward merge with 2 trees, or a 3-way merge if 3 or more trees are
 provided.
 
 
@@ -173,6 +178,7 @@ Here are the "carry forward" rules, where "I" denotes the index,
 "clean" means that index and work tree coincide, and "exists"/"nothing"
 refer to the presence of a path in the specified commit:
 
+....
 	I                   H        M        Result
        -------------------------------------------------------
      0  nothing             nothing  nothing  (does not happen)
@@ -211,6 +217,7 @@ refer to the presence of a path in the specified commit:
      19 no    no    yes     exists   exists   keep index
      20 yes   yes   no      exists   exists   use M
      21 no    yes   no      exists   exists   fail
+....
 
 In all "keep index" cases, the index entry stays as in the
 original index file.  If the entry is not up to date,
@@ -375,7 +382,7 @@ middle of doing, and when your working tree is ready (i.e. you
 have finished your work-in-progress), attempt the merge again.
 
 
-Sparse checkout
+SPARSE CHECKOUT
 ---------------
 
 "Sparse checkout" allows populating the working directory sparsely.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
index 924827dc2e..1fbc6ebcde 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
@@ -3,16 +3,16 @@ git-rebase(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-rebase - Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head
+git-rebase - Reapply commits on top of another base tip
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [options] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>]
+'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [<options>] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>]
 	[<upstream> [<branch>]]
-'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [options] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>]
+'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [<options>] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>]
 	--root [<branch>]
-'git rebase' --continue | --skip | --abort | --edit-todo
+'git rebase' --continue | --skip | --abort | --quit | --edit-todo | --show-current-patch
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ remain the checked-out branch.
 If the upstream branch already contains a change you have made (e.g.,
 because you mailed a patch which was applied upstream), then that commit
 will be skipped. For example, running `git rebase master` on the
-following history (in which A' and A introduce the same set of changes,
+following history (in which `A'` and `A` introduce the same set of changes,
 but have different committer information):
 
 ------------
@@ -203,15 +203,7 @@ Alternatively, you can undo the 'git rebase' with
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 
-rebase.stat::
-	Whether to show a diffstat of what changed upstream since the last
-	rebase. False by default.
-
-rebase.autosquash::
-	If set to true enable '--autosquash' option by default.
-
-rebase.autostash::
-	If set to true enable '--autostash' option by default.
+include::rebase-config.txt[]
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -243,9 +235,23 @@ leave out at most one of A and B, in which case it defaults to HEAD.
 	will be reset to where it was when the rebase operation was
 	started.
 
+--quit::
+	Abort the rebase operation but HEAD is not reset back to the
+	original branch. The index and working tree are also left
+	unchanged as a result.
+
 --keep-empty::
 	Keep the commits that do not change anything from its
 	parents in the result.
++
+See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
+
+--allow-empty-message::
+	By default, rebasing commits with an empty message will fail.
+	This option overrides that behavior, allowing commits with empty
+	messages to be rebased.
++
+See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 
 --skip::
 	Restart the rebasing process by skipping the current patch.
@@ -253,6 +259,11 @@ leave out at most one of A and B, in which case it defaults to HEAD.
 --edit-todo::
 	Edit the todo list during an interactive rebase.
 
+--show-current-patch::
+	Show the current patch in an interactive rebase or when rebase
+	is stopped because of conflicts. This is the equivalent of
+	`git show REBASE_HEAD`.
+
 -m::
 --merge::
 	Use merging strategies to rebase.  When the recursive (default) merge
@@ -264,6 +275,8 @@ branch on top of the <upstream> branch.  Because of this, when a merge
 conflict happens, the side reported as 'ours' is the so-far rebased
 series, starting with <upstream>, and 'theirs' is the working branch.  In
 other words, the sides are swapped.
++
+See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 
 -s <strategy>::
 --strategy=<strategy>::
@@ -273,8 +286,10 @@ other words, the sides are swapped.
 +
 Because 'git rebase' replays each commit from the working branch
 on top of the <upstream> branch using the given strategy, using
-the 'ours' strategy simply discards all patches from the <branch>,
+the 'ours' strategy simply empties all patches from the <branch>,
 which makes little sense.
++
+See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 
 -X <strategy-option>::
 --strategy-option=<strategy-option>::
@@ -282,10 +297,14 @@ which makes little sense.
 	This implies `--merge` and, if no strategy has been
 	specified, `-s recursive`.  Note the reversal of 'ours' and
 	'theirs' as noted above for the `-m` option.
++
+See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 
 -S[<keyid>]::
 --gpg-sign[=<keyid>]::
-	GPG-sign commits.
+	GPG-sign commits. The `keyid` argument is optional and
+	defaults to the committer identity; if specified, it must be
+	stuck to the option without a space.
 
 -q::
 --quiet::
@@ -315,17 +334,21 @@ which makes little sense.
 	and after each change.  When fewer lines of surrounding
 	context exist they all must match.  By default no context is
 	ever ignored.
++
+See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 
--f::
+--no-ff::
 --force-rebase::
-	Force a rebase even if the current branch is up-to-date and
-	the command without `--force` would return without doing anything.
+-f::
+	Individually replay all rebased commits instead of fast-forwarding
+	over the unchanged ones.  This ensures that the entire history of
+	the rebased branch is composed of new commits.
 +
-You may find this (or --no-ff with an interactive rebase) helpful after
-reverting a topic branch merge, as this option recreates the topic branch with
-fresh commits so it can be remerged successfully without needing to "revert
-the reversion" (see the
-link:howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html[revert-a-faulty-merge How-To] for details).
+You may find this helpful after reverting a topic branch merge, as this option
+recreates the topic branch with fresh commits so it can be remerged
+successfully without needing to "revert the reversion" (see the
+link:howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html[revert-a-faulty-merge How-To] for
+details).
 
 --fork-point::
 --no-fork-point::
@@ -346,27 +369,73 @@ default is `--no-fork-point`, otherwise the default is `--fork-point`.
 --whitespace=<option>::
 	These flag are passed to the 'git apply' program
 	(see linkgit:git-apply[1]) that applies the patch.
-	Incompatible with the --interactive option.
++
+See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 
 --committer-date-is-author-date::
 --ignore-date::
 	These flags are passed to 'git am' to easily change the dates
 	of the rebased commits (see linkgit:git-am[1]).
-	Incompatible with the --interactive option.
++
+See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
+
+--signoff::
+	Add a Signed-off-by: trailer to all the rebased commits. Note
+	that if `--interactive` is given then only commits marked to be
+	picked, edited or reworded will have the trailer added.
++
+See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 
 -i::
 --interactive::
 	Make a list of the commits which are about to be rebased.  Let the
 	user edit that list before rebasing.  This mode can also be used to
 	split commits (see SPLITTING COMMITS below).
++
+The commit list format can be changed by setting the configuration option
+rebase.instructionFormat.  A customized instruction format will automatically
+have the long commit hash prepended to the format.
++
+See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
+
+-r::
+--rebase-merges[=(rebase-cousins|no-rebase-cousins)]::
+	By default, a rebase will simply drop merge commits from the todo
+	list, and put the rebased commits into a single, linear branch.
+	With `--rebase-merges`, the rebase will instead try to preserve
+	the branching structure within the commits that are to be rebased,
+	by recreating the merge commits. Any resolved merge conflicts or
+	manual amendments in these merge commits will have to be
+	resolved/re-applied manually.
++
+By default, or when `no-rebase-cousins` was specified, commits which do not
+have `<upstream>` as direct ancestor will keep their original branch point,
+i.e. commits that would be excluded by gitlink:git-log[1]'s
+`--ancestry-path` option will keep their original ancestry by default. If
+the `rebase-cousins` mode is turned on, such commits are instead rebased
+onto `<upstream>` (or `<onto>`, if specified).
++
+The `--rebase-merges` mode is similar in spirit to `--preserve-merges`, but
+in contrast to that option works well in interactive rebases: commits can be
+reordered, inserted and dropped at will.
++
+It is currently only possible to recreate the merge commits using the
+`recursive` merge strategy; Different merge strategies can be used only via
+explicit `exec git merge -s <strategy> [...]` commands.
++
+See also REBASING MERGES and INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 
 -p::
 --preserve-merges::
-	Instead of ignoring merges, try to recreate them.
+	Recreate merge commits instead of flattening the history by replaying
+	commits a merge commit introduces. Merge conflict resolutions or manual
+	amendments to merge commits are not preserved.
 +
 This uses the `--interactive` machinery internally, but combining it
 with the `--interactive` option explicitly is generally not a good
 idea unless you know what you are doing (see BUGS below).
++
+See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 
 -x <cmd>::
 --exec <cmd>::
@@ -374,9 +443,6 @@ idea unless you know what you are doing (see BUGS below).
 	final history. <cmd> will be interpreted as one or more shell
 	commands.
 +
-This option can only be used with the `--interactive` option
-(see INTERACTIVE MODE below).
-+
 You may execute several commands by either using one instance of `--exec`
 with several commands:
 +
@@ -389,6 +455,11 @@ or by giving more than one `--exec`:
 If `--autosquash` is used, "exec" lines will not be appended for
 the intermediate commits, and will only appear at the end of each
 squash/fixup series.
++
+This uses the `--interactive` machinery internally, but it can be run
+without an explicit `--interactive`.
++
+See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 
 --root::
 	Rebase all commits reachable from <branch>, instead of
@@ -399,42 +470,103 @@ squash/fixup series.
 	When used together with both --onto and --preserve-merges,
 	'all' root commits will be rewritten to have <newbase> as parent
 	instead.
++
+See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 
 --autosquash::
 --no-autosquash::
 	When the commit log message begins with "squash! ..." (or
-	"fixup! ..."), and there is a commit whose title begins with
-	the same ..., automatically modify the todo list of rebase -i
-	so that the commit marked for squashing comes right after the
-	commit to be modified, and change the action of the moved
-	commit from `pick` to `squash` (or `fixup`).  Ignores subsequent
-	"fixup! " or "squash! " after the first, in case you referred to an
-	earlier fixup/squash with `git commit --fixup/--squash`.
-+
-This option is only valid when the '--interactive' option is used.
-+
-If the '--autosquash' option is enabled by default using the
-configuration variable `rebase.autosquash`, this option can be
+	"fixup! ..."), and there is already a commit in the todo list that
+	matches the same `...`, automatically modify the todo list of rebase
+	-i so that the commit marked for squashing comes right after the
+	commit to be modified, and change the action of the moved commit
+	from `pick` to `squash` (or `fixup`).  A commit matches the `...` if
+	the commit subject matches, or if the `...` refers to the commit's
+	hash. As a fall-back, partial matches of the commit subject work,
+	too.  The recommended way to create fixup/squash commits is by using
+	the `--fixup`/`--squash` options of linkgit:git-commit[1].
++
+If the `--autosquash` option is enabled by default using the
+configuration variable `rebase.autoSquash`, this option can be
 used to override and disable this setting.
++
+See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 
---[no-]autostash::
-	Automatically create a temporary stash before the operation
+--autostash::
+--no-autostash::
+	Automatically create a temporary stash entry before the operation
 	begins, and apply it after the operation ends.  This means
 	that you can run rebase on a dirty worktree.  However, use
 	with care: the final stash application after a successful
 	rebase might result in non-trivial conflicts.
 
---no-ff::
-	With --interactive, cherry-pick all rebased commits instead of
-	fast-forwarding over the unchanged ones.  This ensures that the
-	entire history of the rebased branch is composed of new commits.
-+
-Without --interactive, this is a synonym for --force-rebase.
-+
-You may find this helpful after reverting a topic branch merge, as this option
-recreates the topic branch with fresh commits so it can be remerged
-successfully without needing to "revert the reversion" (see the
-link:howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html[revert-a-faulty-merge How-To] for details).
+INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS
+--------------------
+
+git-rebase has many flags that are incompatible with each other,
+predominantly due to the fact that it has three different underlying
+implementations:
+
+ * one based on linkgit:git-am[1] (the default)
+ * one based on git-merge-recursive (merge backend)
+ * one based on linkgit:git-cherry-pick[1] (interactive backend)
+
+Flags only understood by the am backend:
+
+ * --committer-date-is-author-date
+ * --ignore-date
+ * --whitespace
+ * --ignore-whitespace
+ * -C
+
+Flags understood by both merge and interactive backends:
+
+ * --merge
+ * --strategy
+ * --strategy-option
+ * --allow-empty-message
+
+Flags only understood by the interactive backend:
+
+ * --[no-]autosquash
+ * --rebase-merges
+ * --preserve-merges
+ * --interactive
+ * --exec
+ * --keep-empty
+ * --autosquash
+ * --edit-todo
+ * --root when used in combination with --onto
+
+Other incompatible flag pairs:
+
+ * --preserve-merges and --interactive
+ * --preserve-merges and --signoff
+ * --preserve-merges and --rebase-merges
+ * --rebase-merges and --strategy
+ * --rebase-merges and --strategy-option
+
+BEHAVIORAL DIFFERENCES
+-----------------------
+
+ * empty commits:
+
+    am-based rebase will drop any "empty" commits, whether the
+    commit started empty (had no changes relative to its parent to
+    start with) or ended empty (all changes were already applied
+    upstream in other commits).
+
+    merge-based rebase does the same.
+
+    interactive-based rebase will by default drop commits that
+    started empty and halt if it hits a commit that ended up empty.
+    The `--keep-empty` option exists for interactive rebases to allow
+    it to keep commits that started empty.
+
+  * directory rename detection:
+
+    merge-based and interactive-based rebases work fine with
+    directory rename detection.  am-based rebases sometimes do not.
 
 include::merge-strategies.txt[]
 
@@ -512,6 +644,9 @@ rebasing.
 If you just want to edit the commit message for a commit, replace the
 command "pick" with the command "reword".
 
+To drop a commit, replace the command "pick" with "drop", or just
+delete the matching line.
+
 If you want to fold two or more commits into one, replace the command
 "pick" for the second and subsequent commits with "squash" or "fixup".
 If the commits had different authors, the folded commit will be
@@ -644,7 +779,7 @@ on this 'subsystem'.  You might end up with a history like the
 following:
 
 ------------
-    o---o---o---o---o---o---o---o---o  master
+    o---o---o---o---o---o---o---o  master
 	 \
 	  o---o---o---o---o  subsystem
 			   \
@@ -749,12 +884,147 @@ The ripple effect of a "hard case" recovery is especially bad:
 'everyone' downstream from 'topic' will now have to perform a "hard
 case" recovery too!
 
+REBASING MERGES
+---------------
+
+The interactive rebase command was originally designed to handle
+individual patch series. As such, it makes sense to exclude merge
+commits from the todo list, as the developer may have merged the
+then-current `master` while working on the branch, only to rebase
+all the commits onto `master` eventually (skipping the merge
+commits).
+
+However, there are legitimate reasons why a developer may want to
+recreate merge commits: to keep the branch structure (or "commit
+topology") when working on multiple, inter-related branches.
+
+In the following example, the developer works on a topic branch that
+refactors the way buttons are defined, and on another topic branch
+that uses that refactoring to implement a "Report a bug" button. The
+output of `git log --graph --format=%s -5` may look like this:
+
+------------
+*   Merge branch 'report-a-bug'
+|\
+| * Add the feedback button
+* | Merge branch 'refactor-button'
+|\ \
+| |/
+| * Use the Button class for all buttons
+| * Extract a generic Button class from the DownloadButton one
+------------
+
+The developer might want to rebase those commits to a newer `master`
+while keeping the branch topology, for example when the first topic
+branch is expected to be integrated into `master` much earlier than the
+second one, say, to resolve merge conflicts with changes to the
+DownloadButton class that made it into `master`.
+
+This rebase can be performed using the `--rebase-merges` option.
+It will generate a todo list looking like this:
+
+------------
+label onto
+
+# Branch: refactor-button
+reset onto
+pick 123456 Extract a generic Button class from the DownloadButton one
+pick 654321 Use the Button class for all buttons
+label refactor-button
+
+# Branch: report-a-bug
+reset refactor-button # Use the Button class for all buttons
+pick abcdef Add the feedback button
+label report-a-bug
+
+reset onto
+merge -C a1b2c3 refactor-button # Merge 'refactor-button'
+merge -C 6f5e4d report-a-bug # Merge 'report-a-bug'
+------------
+
+In contrast to a regular interactive rebase, there are `label`, `reset`
+and `merge` commands in addition to `pick` ones.
+
+The `label` command associates a label with the current HEAD when that
+command is executed. These labels are created as worktree-local refs
+(`refs/rewritten/<label>`) that will be deleted when the rebase
+finishes. That way, rebase operations in multiple worktrees linked to
+the same repository do not interfere with one another. If the `label`
+command fails, it is rescheduled immediately, with a helpful message how
+to proceed.
+
+The `reset` command resets the HEAD, index and worktree to the specified
+revision. It is isimilar to an `exec git reset --hard <label>`, but
+refuses to overwrite untracked files. If the `reset` command fails, it is
+rescheduled immediately, with a helpful message how to edit the todo list
+(this typically happens when a `reset` command was inserted into the todo
+list manually and contains a typo).
+
+The `merge` command will merge the specified revision(s) into whatever
+is HEAD at that time. With `-C <original-commit>`, the commit message of
+the specified merge commit will be used. When the `-C` is changed to
+a lower-case `-c`, the message will be opened in an editor after a
+successful merge so that the user can edit the message.
+
+If a `merge` command fails for any reason other than merge conflicts (i.e.
+when the merge operation did not even start), it is rescheduled immediately.
+
+At this time, the `merge` command will *always* use the `recursive`
+merge strategy for regular merges, and `octopus` for octopus merges,
+strategy, with no way to choose a different one. To work around
+this, an `exec` command can be used to call `git merge` explicitly,
+using the fact that the labels are worktree-local refs (the ref
+`refs/rewritten/onto` would correspond to the label `onto`, for example).
+
+Note: the first command (`label onto`) labels the revision onto which
+the commits are rebased; The name `onto` is just a convention, as a nod
+to the `--onto` option.
+
+It is also possible to introduce completely new merge commits from scratch
+by adding a command of the form `merge <merge-head>`. This form will
+generate a tentative commit message and always open an editor to let the
+user edit it. This can be useful e.g. when a topic branch turns out to
+address more than a single concern and wants to be split into two or
+even more topic branches. Consider this todo list:
+
+------------
+pick 192837 Switch from GNU Makefiles to CMake
+pick 5a6c7e Document the switch to CMake
+pick 918273 Fix detection of OpenSSL in CMake
+pick afbecd http: add support for TLS v1.3
+pick fdbaec Fix detection of cURL in CMake on Windows
+------------
+
+The one commit in this list that is not related to CMake may very well
+have been motivated by working on fixing all those bugs introduced by
+switching to CMake, but it addresses a different concern. To split this
+branch into two topic branches, the todo list could be edited like this:
+
+------------
+label onto
+
+pick afbecd http: add support for TLS v1.3
+label tlsv1.3
+
+reset onto
+pick 192837 Switch from GNU Makefiles to CMake
+pick 918273 Fix detection of OpenSSL in CMake
+pick fdbaec Fix detection of cURL in CMake on Windows
+pick 5a6c7e Document the switch to CMake
+label cmake
+
+reset onto
+merge tlsv1.3
+merge cmake
+------------
+
 BUGS
 ----
 The todo list presented by `--preserve-merges --interactive` does not
 represent the topology of the revision graph.  Editing commits and
 rewording their commit messages should work fine, but attempts to
-reorder commits tend to produce counterintuitive results.
+reorder commits tend to produce counterintuitive results. Use
+`--rebase-merges` in such scenarios instead.
 
 For example, an attempt to rearrange
 ------------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt
index 9016960e27..dedf97efbb 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt
@@ -33,12 +33,15 @@ post-update hooks found in the Documentation/howto directory.
 option, which tells it if updates to a ref should be denied if they
 are not fast-forwards.
 
+A number of other receive.* config options are available to tweak
+its behavior, see linkgit:git-config[1].
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 <directory>::
 	The repository to sync into.
 
-pre-receive Hook
+PRE-RECEIVE HOOK
 ----------------
 Before any ref is updated, if $GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-receive file exists
 and is executable, it will be invoked once with no parameters.  The
@@ -100,7 +103,7 @@ the following environment variables:
 	starting time is different by this many seconds from the
 	current session.  Only meaningful when
 	`GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE_STATUS` says `SLOP`.
-	Also read about `receive.certnonceslop` variable in
+	Also read about `receive.certNonceSlop` variable in
 	linkgit:git-config[1].
 
 This hook is called before any refname is updated and before any
@@ -111,7 +114,9 @@ will be performed, and the update, post-receive and post-update
 hooks will not be invoked either.  This can be useful to quickly
 bail out if the update is not to be supported.
 
-update Hook
+See the notes on the quarantine environment below.
+
+UPDATE HOOK
 -----------
 Before each ref is updated, if $GIT_DIR/hooks/update file exists
 and is executable, it is invoked once per ref, with three parameters:
@@ -133,7 +138,7 @@ ensure the ref will actually be updated, it is only a prerequisite.
 As such it is not a good idea to send notices (e.g. email) from
 this hook.  Consider using the post-receive hook instead.
 
-post-receive Hook
+POST-RECEIVE HOOK
 -----------------
 After all refs were updated (or attempted to be updated), if any
 ref update was successful, and if $GIT_DIR/hooks/post-receive
@@ -193,7 +198,7 @@ after it was updated by 'git-receive-pack', but before the hook was able
 to evaluate it.  It is recommended that hooks rely on sha1-new
 rather than the current value of refname.
 
-post-update Hook
+POST-UPDATE HOOK
 ----------------
 After all other processing, if at least one ref was updated, and
 if $GIT_DIR/hooks/post-update file exists and is executable, then
@@ -211,6 +216,33 @@ if the repository is packed and is served via a dumb transport.
 	exec git update-server-info
 
 
+QUARANTINE ENVIRONMENT
+----------------------
+
+When `receive-pack` takes in objects, they are placed into a temporary
+"quarantine" directory within the `$GIT_DIR/objects` directory and
+migrated into the main object store only after the `pre-receive` hook
+has completed. If the push fails before then, the temporary directory is
+removed entirely.
+
+This has a few user-visible effects and caveats:
+
+  1. Pushes which fail due to problems with the incoming pack, missing
+     objects, or due to the `pre-receive` hook will not leave any
+     on-disk data. This is usually helpful to prevent repeated failed
+     pushes from filling up your disk, but can make debugging more
+     challenging.
+
+  2. Any objects created by the `pre-receive` hook will be created in
+     the quarantine directory (and migrated only if it succeeds).
+
+  3. The `pre-receive` hook MUST NOT update any refs to point to
+     quarantined objects. Other programs accessing the repository will
+     not be able to see the objects (and if the pre-receive hook fails,
+     those refs would become corrupted). For safety, any ref updates
+     from within `pre-receive` are automatically rejected.
+
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-send-pack[1], linkgit:gitnamespaces[7]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-reflog.txt b/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
index 5e7908e4f7..472a6808cd 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
@@ -20,9 +20,10 @@ depending on the subcommand:
 'git reflog' ['show'] [log-options] [<ref>]
 'git reflog expire' [--expire=<time>] [--expire-unreachable=<time>]
 	[--rewrite] [--updateref] [--stale-fix]
-	[--dry-run] [--verbose] [--all | <refs>...]
+	[--dry-run | -n] [--verbose] [--all | <refs>...]
 'git reflog delete' [--rewrite] [--updateref]
-	[--dry-run] [--verbose] ref@\{specifier\}...
+	[--dry-run | -n] [--verbose] ref@\{specifier\}...
+'git reflog exists' <ref>
 
 Reference logs, or "reflogs", record when the tips of branches and
 other references were updated in the local repository. Reflogs are
@@ -52,6 +53,9 @@ argument must be an _exact_ entry (e.g. "`git reflog delete
 master@{2}`"). This subcommand is also typically not used directly by
 end users.
 
+The "exists" subcommand checks whether a ref has a reflog.  It exits
+with zero status if the reflog exists, and non-zero status if it does
+not.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-relink.txt b/Documentation/git-relink.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b33c99510..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/git-relink.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-git-relink(1)
-=============
-
-NAME
-----
-git-relink - Hardlink common objects in local repositories
-
-SYNOPSIS
---------
-[verse]
-'git relink' [--safe] <dir>... <master_dir>
-
-DESCRIPTION
------------
-This will scan 1 or more object repositories and look for objects in common
-with a master repository. Objects not already hardlinked to the master
-repository will be replaced with a hardlink to the master repository.
-
-OPTIONS
--------
---safe::
-	Stops if two objects with the same hash exist but have different sizes.
-	Default is to warn and continue.
-
-<dir>::
-	Directories containing a .git/objects/ subdirectory.
-
-GIT
----
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote-ext.txt b/Documentation/git-remote-ext.txt
index b25d0b5996..3fc5d94336 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-remote-ext.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote-ext.txt
@@ -55,14 +55,14 @@ some tunnel.
 	the vhost field in the git:// service request (to rest of the argument).
 	Default is not to send vhost in such request (if sent).
 
-ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES:
-----------------------
+ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
+---------------------
 
 GIT_TRANSLOOP_DEBUG::
 	If set, prints debugging information about various reads/writes.
 
-ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES PASSED TO COMMAND:
-----------------------------------------
+ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES PASSED TO COMMAND
+---------------------------------------
 
 GIT_EXT_SERVICE::
 	Set to long name (git-upload-pack, etc...) of service helper needs
@@ -73,8 +73,8 @@ GIT_EXT_SERVICE_NOPREFIX::
 	to invoke.
 
 
-EXAMPLES:
----------
+EXAMPLES
+--------
 This remote helper is transparently used by Git when
 you use commands such as "git fetch <URL>", "git clone <URL>",
 , "git push <URL>" or "git remote add <nick> <URL>", where <URL>
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote-fd.txt b/Documentation/git-remote-fd.txt
index e700bafa47..80afca866c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-remote-fd.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote-fd.txt
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ fetch, push or archive.
 
 If only <infd> is given, it is assumed to be a bidirectional socket connected
 to remote Git server (git-upload-pack, git-receive-pack or
-git-upload-achive). If both <infd> and <outfd> are given, they are assumed
+git-upload-archive). If both <infd> and <outfd> are given, they are assumed
 to be pipes connected to a remote Git server (<infd> being the inbound pipe
 and <outfd> being the outbound pipe.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-remote.txt
index 4c6d6de7b7..0cad37fb81 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 git-remote(1)
-============
+=============
 
 NAME
 ----
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 'git remote remove' <name>
 'git remote set-head' <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)
 'git remote set-branches' [--add] <name> <branch>...
+'git remote get-url' [--push] [--all] <name>
 'git remote set-url' [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]
 'git remote set-url --add' [--push] <name> <newurl>
 'git remote set-url --delete' [--push] <name> <url>
@@ -131,17 +132,26 @@ The named branches will be interpreted as if specified with the
 With `--add`, instead of replacing the list of currently tracked
 branches, adds to that list.
 
+'get-url'::
+
+Retrieves the URLs for a remote. Configurations for `insteadOf` and
+`pushInsteadOf` are expanded here. By default, only the first URL is listed.
++
+With `--push`, push URLs are queried rather than fetch URLs.
++
+With `--all`, all URLs for the remote will be listed.
+
 'set-url'::
 
 Changes URLs for the remote. Sets first URL for remote <name> that matches
 regex <oldurl> (first URL if no <oldurl> is given) to <newurl>. If
 <oldurl> doesn't match any URL, an error occurs and nothing is changed.
 +
-With '--push', push URLs are manipulated instead of fetch URLs.
+With `--push`, push URLs are manipulated instead of fetch URLs.
 +
-With '--add', instead of changing existing URLs, new URL is added.
+With `--add`, instead of changing existing URLs, new URL is added.
 +
-With '--delete', instead of changing existing URLs, all URLs matching
+With `--delete`, instead of changing existing URLs, all URLs matching
 regex <url> are deleted for remote <name>.  Trying to delete all
 non-push URLs is an error.
 +
@@ -162,24 +172,28 @@ With `-n` option, the remote heads are not queried first with
 
 'prune'::
 
-Deletes all stale remote-tracking branches under <name>.
-These stale branches have already been removed from the remote repository
-referenced by <name>, but are still locally available in
-"remotes/<name>".
+Deletes stale references associated with <name>. By default, stale
+remote-tracking branches under <name> are deleted, but depending on
+global configuration and the configuration of the remote we might even
+prune local tags that haven't been pushed there. Equivalent to `git
+fetch --prune <name>`, except that no new references will be fetched.
++
+See the PRUNING section of linkgit:git-fetch[1] for what it'll prune
+depending on various configuration.
 +
 With `--dry-run` option, report what branches will be pruned, but do not
 actually prune them.
 
 'update'::
 
-Fetch updates for a named set of remotes in the repository as defined by
-remotes.<group>.  If a named group is not specified on the command line,
+Fetch updates for remotes or remote groups in the repository as defined by
+remotes.<group>.  If neither group nor remote is specified on the command line,
 the configuration parameter remotes.default will be used; if
 remotes.default is not defined, all remotes which do not have the
 configuration parameter remote.<name>.skipDefaultUpdate set to true will
 be updated.  (See linkgit:git-config[1]).
 +
-With `--prune` option, prune all the remotes that are updated.
+With `--prune` option, run pruning against all the remotes that are updated.
 
 
 DISCUSSION
@@ -189,7 +203,7 @@ The remote configuration is achieved using the `remote.origin.url` and
 `remote.origin.fetch` configuration variables.  (See
 linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
-Examples
+EXAMPLES
 --------
 
 * Add a new remote, fetch, and check out a branch from it
diff --git a/Documentation/git-repack.txt b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
index 4786a780b5..d056250968 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-repack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-repack - Pack unpacked objects in a repository
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git repack' [-a] [-A] [-d] [-f] [-F] [-l] [-n] [-q] [-b] [--window=<n>] [--depth=<n>]
+'git repack' [-a] [-A] [-d] [-f] [-F] [-l] [-n] [-q] [-b] [--window=<n>] [--depth=<n>] [--threads=<n>] [--keep-pack=<pack-name>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -33,16 +33,21 @@ OPTIONS
 	pack everything referenced into a single pack.
 	Especially useful when packing a repository that is used
 	for private development. Use
-	with '-d'.  This will clean up the objects that `git prune`
+	with `-d`.  This will clean up the objects that `git prune`
 	leaves behind, but `git fsck --full --dangling` shows as
 	dangling.
 +
 Note that users fetching over dumb protocols will have to fetch the
 whole new pack in order to get any contained object, no matter how many
 other objects in that pack they already have locally.
++
+Promisor packfiles are repacked separately: if there are packfiles that
+have an associated ".promisor" file, these packfiles will be repacked
+into another separate pack, and an empty ".promisor" file corresponding
+to the new separate pack will be written.
 
 -A::
-	Same as `-a`, unless '-d' is used.  Then any unreachable
+	Same as `-a`, unless `-d` is used.  Then any unreachable
 	objects in a previous pack become loose, unpacked objects,
 	instead of being left in the old pack.  Unreachable objects
 	are never intentionally added to a pack, even when repacking.
@@ -90,7 +95,12 @@ other objects in that pack they already have locally.
 	space. `--depth` limits the maximum delta depth; making it too deep
 	affects the performance on the unpacker side, because delta data needs
 	to be applied that many times to get to the necessary object.
-	The default value for --window is 10 and --depth is 50.
++
+The default value for --window is 10 and --depth is 50. The maximum
+depth is 4095.
+
+--threads=<n>::
+	This option is passed through to `git pack-objects`.
 
 --window-memory=<n>::
 	This option provides an additional limit on top of `--window`;
@@ -100,13 +110,16 @@ other objects in that pack they already have locally.
 	out of memory with a large window, but still be able to take
 	advantage of the large window for the smaller objects.  The
 	size can be suffixed with "k", "m", or "g".
-	`--window-memory=0` makes memory usage unlimited, which is the
-	default.
+	`--window-memory=0` makes memory usage unlimited.  The default
+	is taken from the `pack.windowMemory` configuration variable.
+	Note that the actual memory usage will be the limit multiplied
+	by the number of threads used by linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
 
 --max-pack-size=<n>::
 	Maximum size of each output pack file. The size can be suffixed with
 	"k", "m", or "g". The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB.
-	If specified,  multiple packfiles may be created.
+	If specified, multiple packfiles may be created, which also
+	prevents the creation of a bitmap index.
 	The default is unlimited, unless the config variable
 	`pack.packSizeLimit` is set.
 
@@ -115,7 +128,8 @@ other objects in that pack they already have locally.
 	Write a reachability bitmap index as part of the repack. This
 	only makes sense when used with `-a` or `-A`, as the bitmaps
 	must be able to refer to all reachable objects. This option
-	overrides the setting of `pack.writebitmaps`.
+	overrides the setting of `repack.writeBitmaps`.  This option
+	has no effect if multiple packfiles are created.
 
 --pack-kept-objects::
 	Include objects in `.keep` files when repacking.  Note that we
@@ -123,9 +137,29 @@ other objects in that pack they already have locally.
 	This means that we may duplicate objects, but this makes the
 	option safe to use when there are concurrent pushes or fetches.
 	This option is generally only useful if you are writing bitmaps
-	with `-b` or `pack.writebitmaps`, as it ensures that the
+	with `-b` or `repack.writeBitmaps`, as it ensures that the
 	bitmapped packfile has the necessary objects.
 
+--keep-pack=<pack-name>::
+	Exclude the given pack from repacking. This is the equivalent
+	of having `.keep` file on the pack. `<pack-name>` is the the
+	pack file name without leading directory (e.g. `pack-123.pack`).
+	The option could be specified multiple times to keep multiple
+	packs.
+
+--unpack-unreachable=<when>::
+	When loosening unreachable objects, do not bother loosening any
+	objects older than `<when>`. This can be used to optimize out
+	the write of any objects that would be immediately pruned by
+	a follow-up `git prune`.
+
+-k::
+--keep-unreachable::
+	When used with `-ad`, any unreachable objects from existing
+	packs will be appended to the end of the packfile instead of
+	being removed. In addition, any unreachable loose objects will
+	be packed (and their loose counterparts removed).
+
 Configuration
 -------------
 
@@ -133,7 +167,7 @@ By default, the command passes `--delta-base-offset` option to
 'git pack-objects'; this typically results in slightly smaller packs,
 but the generated packs are incompatible with versions of Git older than
 version 1.4.4. If you need to share your repository with such ancient Git
-versions, either directly or via the dumb http or rsync protocol, then you
+versions, either directly or via the dumb http protocol, then you
 need to set the configuration variable `repack.UseDeltaBaseOffset` to
 "false" and repack. Access from old Git versions over the native protocol
 is unaffected by this option as the conversion is performed on the fly
diff --git a/Documentation/git-replace.txt b/Documentation/git-replace.txt
index 8fff598fd6..246dc9943c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-replace.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-replace.txt
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 'git replace' [-f] <object> <replacement>
 'git replace' [-f] --edit <object>
 'git replace' [-f] --graft <commit> [<parent>...]
+'git replace' [-f] --convert-graft-file
 'git replace' -d <object>...
 'git replace' [--format=<format>] [-l [<pattern>]]
 
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ $ git cat-file commit foo
 
 shows information about commit 'bar'.
 
-The 'GIT_NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS' environment variable can be set to
+The `GIT_NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS` environment variable can be set to
 achieve the same effect as the `--no-replace-objects` option.
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -87,9 +88,13 @@ OPTIONS
 	content as <commit> except that its parents will be
 	[<parent>...] instead of <commit>'s parents. A replacement ref
 	is then created to replace <commit> with the newly created
-	commit. See contrib/convert-grafts-to-replace-refs.sh for an
-	example script based on this option that can convert grafts to
-	replace refs.
+	commit. Use `--convert-graft-file` to convert a
+	`$GIT_DIR/info/grafts` file and use replace refs instead.
+
+--convert-graft-file::
+	Creates graft commits for all entries in `$GIT_DIR/info/grafts`
+	and deletes that file upon success. The purpose is to help users
+	with transitioning off of the now-deprecated graft file.
 
 -l <pattern>::
 --list <pattern>::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-request-pull.txt b/Documentation/git-request-pull.txt
index 283577b0b6..4d4392d0f8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-request-pull.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-request-pull.txt
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
 Generate a request asking your upstream project to pull changes into
-their tree.  The request, printed to the standard output, summarizes
+their tree.  The request, printed to the standard output,
+begins with the branch description, summarizes
 the changes and indicates from where they can be pulled.
 
 The upstream project is expected to have the commit named by
@@ -45,8 +46,8 @@ ref that is different from the ref you have locally, you can use the
 its remote name.
 
 
-EXAMPLE
--------
+EXAMPLES
+--------
 
 Imagine that you built your work on your `master` branch on top of
 the `v1.0` release, and want it to be integrated to the project.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rerere.txt b/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
index a62227f84e..031f31fa47 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ Prune records of conflicted merges that
 occurred a long time ago.  By default, unresolved conflicts older
 than 15 days and resolved conflicts older than 60
 days are pruned.  These defaults are controlled via the
-`gc.rerereunresolved` and `gc.rerereresolved` configuration
+`gc.rerereUnresolved` and `gc.rerereResolved` configuration
 variables respectively.
 
 
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ development on the topic branch:
 ------------
 
 you could run `git rebase master topic`, to bring yourself
-up-to-date before your topic is ready to be sent upstream.
+up to date before your topic is ready to be sent upstream.
 This would result in falling back to a three-way merge, and it
 would conflict the same way as the test merge you resolved earlier.
 'git rerere' will be run by 'git rebase' to help you resolve this
diff --git a/Documentation/git-reset.txt b/Documentation/git-reset.txt
index 25432d9257..1d697d9962 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-reset.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-reset.txt
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ $ git pull git://info.example.com/ nitfol  <4>
 in these files are in good order.  You do not want to see them
 when you run "git diff", because you plan to work on other files
 and changes with these files are distracting.
-<2> Somebody asks you to pull, and the changes sounds worthy of merging.
+<2> Somebody asks you to pull, and the changes sound worthy of merging.
 <3> However, you already dirtied the index (i.e. your index does
 not match the HEAD commit).  But you know the pull you are going
 to make does not affect frotz.c or filfre.c, so you revert the
@@ -292,6 +292,54 @@ $ git reset --keep start                    <3>
 <3> But you can use "reset --keep" to remove the unwanted commit after
     you switched to "branch2".
 
+Split a commit apart into a sequence of commits::
++
+Suppose that you have created lots of logically separate changes and committed
+them together. Then, later you decide that it might be better to have each
+logical chunk associated with its own commit. You can use git reset to rewind
+history without changing the contents of your local files, and then successively
+use `git add -p` to interactively select which hunks to include into each commit,
+using `git commit -c` to pre-populate the commit message.
++
+------------
+$ git reset -N HEAD^                        <1>
+$ git add -p                                <2>
+$ git diff --cached                         <3>
+$ git commit -c HEAD@{1}                    <4>
+...                                         <5>
+$ git add ...                               <6>
+$ git diff --cached                         <7>
+$ git commit ...                            <8>
+------------
++
+<1> First, reset the history back one commit so that we remove the original
+    commit, but leave the working tree with all the changes. The -N ensures
+    that any new files added with HEAD are still marked so that git add -p
+    will find them.
+<2> Next, we interactively select diff hunks to add using the git add -p
+    facility. This will ask you about each diff hunk in sequence and you can
+    use simple commands such as "yes, include this", "No don't include this"
+    or even the very powerful "edit" facility.
+<3> Once satisfied with the hunks you want to include, you should verify what
+    has been prepared for the first commit by using git diff --cached. This
+    shows all the changes that have been moved into the index and are about
+    to be committed.
+<4> Next, commit the changes stored in the index. The -c option specifies to
+    pre-populate the commit message from the original message that you started
+    with in the first commit. This is helpful to avoid retyping it. The HEAD@{1}
+    is a special notation for the commit that HEAD used to be at prior to the
+    original reset commit (1 change ago). See linkgit:git-reflog[1] for more
+    details. You may also use any other valid commit reference.
+<5> You can repeat steps 2-4 multiple times to break the original code into
+    any number of commits.
+<6> Now you've split out many of the changes into their own commits, and might
+    no longer use the patch mode of git add, in order to select all remaining
+    uncommitted changes.
+<7> Once again, check to verify that you've included what you want to. You may
+    also wish to verify that git diff doesn't show any remaining changes to be
+    committed later.
+<8> And finally create the final commit.
+
 
 DISCUSSION
 ----------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
index 5b119220bf..88609ff435 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
@@ -9,54 +9,57 @@ git-rev-list - Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git rev-list' [ \--max-count=<number> ]
-	     [ \--skip=<number> ]
-	     [ \--max-age=<timestamp> ]
-	     [ \--min-age=<timestamp> ]
-	     [ \--sparse ]
-	     [ \--merges ]
-	     [ \--no-merges ]
-	     [ \--min-parents=<number> ]
-	     [ \--no-min-parents ]
-	     [ \--max-parents=<number> ]
-	     [ \--no-max-parents ]
-	     [ \--first-parent ]
-	     [ \--remove-empty ]
-	     [ \--full-history ]
-	     [ \--not ]
-	     [ \--all ]
-	     [ \--branches[=<pattern>] ]
-	     [ \--tags[=<pattern>] ]
-	     [ \--remotes[=<pattern>] ]
-	     [ \--glob=<glob-pattern> ]
-	     [ \--ignore-missing ]
-	     [ \--stdin ]
-	     [ \--quiet ]
-	     [ \--topo-order ]
-	     [ \--parents ]
-	     [ \--timestamp ]
-	     [ \--left-right ]
-	     [ \--left-only ]
-	     [ \--right-only ]
-	     [ \--cherry-mark ]
-	     [ \--cherry-pick ]
-	     [ \--encoding=<encoding> ]
-	     [ \--(author|committer|grep)=<pattern> ]
-	     [ \--regexp-ignore-case | -i ]
-	     [ \--extended-regexp | -E ]
-	     [ \--fixed-strings | -F ]
-	     [ \--date=(local|relative|default|iso|iso-strict|rfc|short) ]
-	     [ [ \--objects | \--objects-edge | \--objects-edge-aggressive ]
-	       [ \--unpacked ] ]
-	     [ \--pretty | \--header ]
-	     [ \--bisect ]
-	     [ \--bisect-vars ]
-	     [ \--bisect-all ]
-	     [ \--merge ]
-	     [ \--reverse ]
-	     [ \--walk-reflogs ]
-	     [ \--no-walk ] [ \--do-walk ]
-	     [ \--use-bitmap-index ]
+'git rev-list' [ --max-count=<number> ]
+	     [ --skip=<number> ]
+	     [ --max-age=<timestamp> ]
+	     [ --min-age=<timestamp> ]
+	     [ --sparse ]
+	     [ --merges ]
+	     [ --no-merges ]
+	     [ --min-parents=<number> ]
+	     [ --no-min-parents ]
+	     [ --max-parents=<number> ]
+	     [ --no-max-parents ]
+	     [ --first-parent ]
+	     [ --remove-empty ]
+	     [ --full-history ]
+	     [ --not ]
+	     [ --all ]
+	     [ --branches[=<pattern>] ]
+	     [ --tags[=<pattern>] ]
+	     [ --remotes[=<pattern>] ]
+	     [ --glob=<glob-pattern> ]
+	     [ --ignore-missing ]
+	     [ --stdin ]
+	     [ --quiet ]
+	     [ --topo-order ]
+	     [ --parents ]
+	     [ --timestamp ]
+	     [ --left-right ]
+	     [ --left-only ]
+	     [ --right-only ]
+	     [ --cherry-mark ]
+	     [ --cherry-pick ]
+	     [ --encoding=<encoding> ]
+	     [ --(author|committer|grep)=<pattern> ]
+	     [ --regexp-ignore-case | -i ]
+	     [ --extended-regexp | -E ]
+	     [ --fixed-strings | -F ]
+	     [ --date=<format>]
+	     [ [ --objects | --objects-edge | --objects-edge-aggressive ]
+	       [ --unpacked ]
+	       [ --filter=<filter-spec> [ --filter-print-omitted ] ] ]
+	     [ --missing=<missing-action> ]
+	     [ --pretty | --header ]
+	     [ --bisect ]
+	     [ --bisect-vars ]
+	     [ --bisect-all ]
+	     [ --merge ]
+	     [ --reverse ]
+	     [ --walk-reflogs ]
+	     [ --no-walk ] [ --do-walk ]
+	     [ --count ]
+	     [ --use-bitmap-index ]
 	     <commit>... [ \-- <paths>... ]
 
 DESCRIPTION
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
index d6de42f74e..e72d332b83 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-rev-parse - Pick out and massage parameters
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git rev-parse' [ --option ] <args>...
+'git rev-parse' [<options>] <args>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -91,7 +91,8 @@ repository.  For example:
 ----
 prefix=$(git rev-parse --show-prefix)
 cd "$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)"
-eval "set -- $(git rev-parse --sq --prefix "$prefix" "$@")"
+# rev-parse provides the -- needed for 'set'
+eval "set $(git rev-parse --sq --prefix "$prefix" -- "$@")"
 ----
 
 --verify::
@@ -102,7 +103,7 @@ eval "set -- $(git rev-parse --sq --prefix "$prefix" "$@")"
 +
 If you want to make sure that the output actually names an object in
 your object database and/or can be used as a specific type of object
-you require, you can add "\^{type}" peeling operator to the parameter.
+you require, you can add the `^{type}` peeling operator to the parameter.
 For example, `git rev-parse "$VAR^{commit}"` will make sure `$VAR`
 names an existing object that is a commit-ish (i.e. a commit, or an
 annotated tag that points at a commit).  To make sure that `$VAR`
@@ -125,6 +126,12 @@ can be used.
 	'git diff-{asterisk}'). In contrast to the `--sq-quote` option,
 	the command input is still interpreted as usual.
 
+--short[=length]::
+	Same as `--verify` but shortens the object name to a unique
+	prefix with at least `length` characters. The minimum length
+	is 4, the default is the effective value of the `core.abbrev`
+	configuration variable (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
+
 --not::
 	When showing object names, prefix them with '{caret}' and
 	strip '{caret}' prefix from the object names that already have
@@ -135,19 +142,13 @@ can be used.
 	The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
 	abbreviation mode.
 
---short::
---short=number::
-	Instead of outputting the full SHA-1 values of object names try to
-	abbreviate them to a shorter unique name. When no length is specified
-	7 is used. The minimum length is 4.
-
 --symbolic::
 	Usually the object names are output in SHA-1 form (with
 	possible '{caret}' prefix); this option makes them output in a
 	form as close to the original input as possible.
 
 --symbolic-full-name::
-	This is similar to \--symbolic, but it omits input that
+	This is similar to --symbolic, but it omits input that
 	are not refs (i.e. branch or tag names; or more
 	explicitly disambiguating "heads/master" form, when you
 	want to name the "master" branch when there is an
@@ -216,6 +217,13 @@ If `$GIT_DIR` is not defined and the current directory
 is not detected to lie in a Git repository or work tree
 print a message to stderr and exit with nonzero status.
 
+--absolute-git-dir::
+	Like `--git-dir`, but its output is always the canonicalized
+	absolute path.
+
+--git-common-dir::
+	Show `$GIT_COMMON_DIR` if defined, else `$GIT_DIR`.
+
 --is-inside-git-dir::
 	When the current working directory is below the repository
 	directory print "true", otherwise "false".
@@ -227,12 +235,22 @@ print a message to stderr and exit with nonzero status.
 --is-bare-repository::
 	When the repository is bare print "true", otherwise "false".
 
+--is-shallow-repository::
+	When the repository is shallow print "true", otherwise "false".
+
 --resolve-git-dir <path>::
 	Check if <path> is a valid repository or a gitfile that
 	points at a valid repository, and print the location of the
 	repository.  If <path> is a gitfile then the resolved path
 	to the real repository is printed.
 
+--git-path <path>::
+	Resolve "$GIT_DIR/<path>" and takes other path relocation
+	variables such as $GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY,
+	$GIT_INDEX_FILE... into account. For example, if
+	$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY is set to /foo/bar then "git rev-parse
+	--git-path objects/abc" returns /foo/bar/abc.
+
 --show-cdup::
 	When the command is invoked from a subdirectory, show the
 	path of the top-level directory relative to the current
@@ -246,6 +264,12 @@ print a message to stderr and exit with nonzero status.
 --show-toplevel::
 	Show the absolute path of the top-level directory.
 
+--show-superproject-working-tree::
+	Show the absolute path of the root of the superproject's
+	working tree (if exists) that uses the current repository as
+	its submodule.  Outputs nothing if the current repository is
+	not used as a submodule by any project.
+
 --shared-index-path::
 	Show the path to the shared index file in split index mode, or
 	empty if not in split-index mode.
@@ -301,8 +325,8 @@ Each line of options has this format:
 `<opt-spec>`::
 	its format is the short option character, then the long option name
 	separated by a comma. Both parts are not required, though at least one
-	is necessary. `h,help`, `dry-run` and `f` are all three correct
-	`<opt-spec>`.
+	is necessary. May not contain any of the `<flags>` characters.
+	`h,help`, `dry-run` and `f` are examples of correct `<opt-spec>`.
 
 `<flags>`::
 	`<flags>` are of `*`, `=`, `?` or `!`.
@@ -336,7 +360,7 @@ Example
 
 ------------
 OPTS_SPEC="\
-some-command [options] <args>...
+some-command [<options>] <args>...
 
 some-command does foo and bar!
 --
@@ -361,7 +385,7 @@ When `"$@"` is `-h` or `--help` in the above example, the following
 usage text would be shown:
 
 ------------
-usage: some-command [options] <args>...
+usage: some-command [<options>] <args>...
 
     some-command does foo and bar!
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-revert.txt b/Documentation/git-revert.txt
index cceb5f2f7f..837707a8fd 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-revert.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-revert.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-revert - Revert some existing commits
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git revert' [--[no-]edit] [-n] [-m parent-number] [-s] [-S[<key-id>]] <commit>...
+'git revert' [--[no-]edit] [-n] [-m parent-number] [-s] [-S[<keyid>]] <commit>...
 'git revert' --continue
 'git revert' --quit
 'git revert' --abort
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ from the HEAD commit).
 Note: 'git revert' is used to record some new commits to reverse the
 effect of some earlier commits (often only a faulty one).  If you want to
 throw away all uncommitted changes in your working directory, you
-should see linkgit:git-reset[1], particularly the '--hard' option.  If
+should see linkgit:git-reset[1], particularly the `--hard` option.  If
 you want to extract specific files as they were in another commit, you
 should see linkgit:git-checkout[1], specifically the `git checkout
 <commit> -- <filename>` syntax.  Take care with these alternatives as
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	For a more complete list of ways to spell commit names, see
 	linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
 	Sets of commits can also be given but no traversal is done by
-	default, see linkgit:git-rev-list[1] and its '--no-walk'
+	default, see linkgit:git-rev-list[1] and its `--no-walk`
 	option.
 
 -e::
@@ -80,13 +80,16 @@ more details.
 This is useful when reverting more than one commits'
 effect to your index in a row.
 
--S[<key-id>]::
---gpg-sign[=<key-id>]::
-	GPG-sign commits.
+-S[<keyid>]::
+--gpg-sign[=<keyid>]::
+	GPG-sign commits. The `keyid` argument is optional and
+	defaults to the committer identity; if specified, it must be
+	stuck to the option without a space.
 
 -s::
 --signoff::
 	Add Signed-off-by line at the end of the commit message.
+	See the signoff option in linkgit:git-commit[1] for more information.
 
 --strategy=<strategy>::
 	Use the given merge strategy.  Should only be used once.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rm.txt b/Documentation/git-rm.txt
index f1efc116eb..b5c46223c4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rm.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rm.txt
@@ -140,20 +140,21 @@ Only submodules using a gitfile (which means they were cloned
 with a Git version 1.7.8 or newer) will be removed from the work
 tree, as their repository lives inside the .git directory of the
 superproject. If a submodule (or one of those nested inside it)
-still uses a .git directory, `git rm` will fail - no matter if forced
-or not - to protect the submodule's history. If it exists the
-submodule.<name> section in the linkgit:gitmodules[5] file will also
-be removed and that file will be staged (unless --cached or -n are used).
+still uses a .git directory, `git rm` will move the submodules
+git directory into the superprojects git directory to protect
+the submodule's history. If it exists the submodule.<name> section
+in the linkgit:gitmodules[5] file will also be removed and that file
+will be staged (unless --cached or -n are used).
 
-A submodule is considered up-to-date when the HEAD is the same as
+A submodule is considered up to date when the HEAD is the same as
 recorded in the index, no tracked files are modified and no untracked
 files that aren't ignored are present in the submodules work tree.
 Ignored files are deemed expendable and won't stop a submodule's work
 tree from being removed.
 
 If you only want to remove the local checkout of a submodule from your
-work tree without committing the removal,
-use linkgit:git-submodule[1] `deinit` instead.
+work tree without committing the removal, use linkgit:git-submodule[1] `deinit`
+instead. Also see linkgit:gitsubmodules[7] for details on submodule removal.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
index f248a8665e..465a4ecbed 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@ git-send-email - Send a collection of patches as emails
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git send-email' [options] <file|directory|rev-list options>...
+'git send-email' [<options>] <file|directory|rev-list options>...
+'git send-email' --dump-aliases
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -46,26 +47,26 @@ Composing
 
 --annotate::
 	Review and edit each patch you're about to send. Default is the value
-	of 'sendemail.annotate'. See the CONFIGURATION section for
-	'sendemail.multiedit'.
+	of `sendemail.annotate`. See the CONFIGURATION section for
+	`sendemail.multiEdit`.
 
---bcc=<address>::
+--bcc=<address>,...::
 	Specify a "Bcc:" value for each email. Default is the value of
-	'sendemail.bcc'.
+	`sendemail.bcc`.
 +
-The --bcc option must be repeated for each user you want on the bcc list.
+This option may be specified multiple times.
 
---cc=<address>::
+--cc=<address>,...::
 	Specify a starting "Cc:" value for each email.
-	Default is the value of 'sendemail.cc'.
+	Default is the value of `sendemail.cc`.
 +
-The --cc option must be repeated for each user you want on the cc list.
+This option may be specified multiple times.
 
 --compose::
 	Invoke a text editor (see GIT_EDITOR in linkgit:git-var[1])
 	to edit an introductory message for the patch series.
 +
-When '--compose' is used, git send-email will use the From, Subject, and
+When `--compose` is used, git send-email will use the From, Subject, and
 In-Reply-To headers specified in the message. If the body of the message
 (what you type after the headers and a blank line) only contains blank
 (or Git: prefixed) lines, the summary won't be sent, but From, Subject,
@@ -73,22 +74,27 @@ and In-Reply-To headers will be used unless they are removed.
 +
 Missing From or In-Reply-To headers will be prompted for.
 +
-See the CONFIGURATION section for 'sendemail.multiedit'.
+See the CONFIGURATION section for `sendemail.multiEdit`.
 
 --from=<address>::
 	Specify the sender of the emails.  If not specified on the command line,
-	the value of the 'sendemail.from' configuration option is used.  If
-	neither the command-line option nor 'sendemail.from' are set, then the
+	the value of the `sendemail.from` configuration option is used.  If
+	neither the command-line option nor `sendemail.from` are set, then the
 	user will be prompted for the value.  The default for the prompt will be
 	the value of GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT, or GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT if that is not
 	set, as returned by "git var -l".
 
+--reply-to=<address>::
+	Specify the address where replies from recipients should go to.
+	Use this if replies to messages should go to another address than what
+	is specified with the --from parameter.
+
 --in-reply-to=<identifier>::
 	Make the first mail (or all the mails with `--no-thread`) appear as a
 	reply to the given Message-Id, which avoids breaking threads to
 	provide a new patch series.
 	The second and subsequent emails will be sent as replies according to
-	the `--[no]-chain-reply-to` setting.
+	the `--[no-]chain-reply-to` setting.
 +
 So for example when `--thread` and `--no-chain-reply-to` are specified, the
 second and subsequent patches will be replies to the first one like in the
@@ -110,13 +116,13 @@ is not set, this will be prompted for.
 	Only necessary if --compose is also set.  If --compose
 	is not set, this will be prompted for.
 
---to=<address>::
+--to=<address>,...::
 	Specify the primary recipient of the emails generated. Generally, this
 	will be the upstream maintainer of the project involved. Default is the
-	value of the 'sendemail.to' configuration value; if that is unspecified,
+	value of the `sendemail.to` configuration value; if that is unspecified,
 	and --to-cmd is not specified, this will be prompted for.
 +
-The --to option must be repeated for each user you want on the to list.
+This option may be specified multiple times.
 
 --8bit-encoding=<encoding>::
 	When encountering a non-ASCII message or subject that does not
@@ -131,15 +137,17 @@ Note that no attempts whatsoever are made to validate the encoding.
 	Specify encoding of compose message. Default is the value of the
 	'sendemail.composeencoding'; if that is unspecified, UTF-8 is assumed.
 
---transfer-encoding=(7bit|8bit|quoted-printable|base64)::
+--transfer-encoding=(7bit|8bit|quoted-printable|base64|auto)::
 	Specify the transfer encoding to be used to send the message over SMTP.
 	7bit will fail upon encountering a non-ASCII message.  quoted-printable
 	can be useful when the repository contains files that contain carriage
 	returns, but makes the raw patch email file (as saved from a MUA) much
 	harder to inspect manually.  base64 is even more fool proof, but also
-	even more opaque.  Default is the value of the 'sendemail.transferEncoding'
-	configuration value; if that is unspecified, git will use 8bit and not
-	add a Content-Transfer-Encoding header.
+	even more opaque.  auto will use 8bit when possible, and quoted-printable
+	otherwise.
++
+Default is the value of the `sendemail.transferEncoding` configuration
+value; if that is unspecified, default to `auto`.
 
 --xmailer::
 --no-xmailer::
@@ -156,31 +164,44 @@ Sending
 	subscribed to a list. In order to use the 'From' address, set the
 	value to "auto". If you use the sendmail binary, you must have
 	suitable privileges for the -f parameter.  Default is the value of the
-	'sendemail.envelopesender' configuration variable; if that is
+	`sendemail.envelopeSender` configuration variable; if that is
 	unspecified, choosing the envelope sender is left to your MTA.
 
 --smtp-encryption=<encryption>::
 	Specify the encryption to use, either 'ssl' or 'tls'.  Any other
 	value reverts to plain SMTP.  Default is the value of
-	'sendemail.smtpencryption'.
+	`sendemail.smtpEncryption`.
 
 --smtp-domain=<FQDN>::
 	Specifies the Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) used in the
 	HELO/EHLO command to the SMTP server.  Some servers require the
 	FQDN to match your IP address.  If not set, git send-email attempts
 	to determine your FQDN automatically.  Default is the value of
-	'sendemail.smtpdomain'.
+	`sendemail.smtpDomain`.
+
+--smtp-auth=<mechanisms>::
+	Whitespace-separated list of allowed SMTP-AUTH mechanisms. This setting
+	forces using only the listed mechanisms. Example:
++
+------
+$ git send-email --smtp-auth="PLAIN LOGIN GSSAPI" ...
+------
++
+If at least one of the specified mechanisms matches the ones advertised by the
+SMTP server and if it is supported by the utilized SASL library, the mechanism
+is used for authentication. If neither 'sendemail.smtpAuth' nor `--smtp-auth`
+is specified, all mechanisms supported by the SASL library can be used.
 
 --smtp-pass[=<password>]::
 	Password for SMTP-AUTH. The argument is optional: If no
 	argument is specified, then the empty string is used as
-	the password. Default is the value of 'sendemail.smtppass',
-	however '--smtp-pass' always overrides this value.
+	the password. Default is the value of `sendemail.smtpPass`,
+	however `--smtp-pass` always overrides this value.
 +
 Furthermore, passwords need not be specified in configuration files
 or on the command line. If a username has been specified (with
-'--smtp-user' or a 'sendemail.smtpuser'), but no password has been
-specified (with '--smtp-pass' or 'sendemail.smtppass'), then
+`--smtp-user` or a `sendemail.smtpUser`), but no password has been
+specified (with `--smtp-pass` or `sendemail.smtpPass`), then
 a password is obtained using 'git-credential'.
 
 --smtp-server=<host>::
@@ -188,10 +209,10 @@ a password is obtained using 'git-credential'.
 	`smtp.example.com` or a raw IP address).  Alternatively it can
 	specify a full pathname of a sendmail-like program instead;
 	the program must support the `-i` option.  Default value can
-	be specified by the 'sendemail.smtpserver' configuration
-	option; the built-in default is `/usr/sbin/sendmail` or
-	`/usr/lib/sendmail` if such program is available, or
-	`localhost` otherwise.
+	be specified by the `sendemail.smtpServer` configuration
+	option; the built-in default is to search for `sendmail` in
+	`/usr/sbin`, `/usr/lib` and $PATH if such program is
+	available, falling back to `localhost` otherwise.
 
 --smtp-server-port=<port>::
 	Specifies a port different from the default port (SMTP
@@ -199,11 +220,11 @@ a password is obtained using 'git-credential'.
 	submission port 587, or the common SSL smtp port 465);
 	symbolic port names (e.g. "submission" instead of 587)
 	are also accepted. The port can also be set with the
-	'sendemail.smtpserverport' configuration variable.
+	`sendemail.smtpServerPort` configuration variable.
 
 --smtp-server-option=<option>::
 	If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server option to use.
-	Default value can be specified by the 'sendemail.smtpserveroption'
+	Default value can be specified by the `sendemail.smtpServerOption`
 	configuration option.
 +
 The --smtp-server-option option must be repeated for each option you want
@@ -220,13 +241,13 @@ must be used for each option.
 	certificates concatenated together: see verify(1) -CAfile and
 	-CApath for more information on these). Set it to an empty string
 	to disable certificate verification. Defaults to the value of the
-	'sendemail.smtpsslcertpath' configuration variable, if set, or the
+	`sendemail.smtpsslcertpath` configuration variable, if set, or the
 	backing SSL library's compiled-in default otherwise (which should
 	be the best choice on most platforms).
 
 --smtp-user=<user>::
-	Username for SMTP-AUTH. Default is the value of 'sendemail.smtpuser';
-	if a username is not specified (with '--smtp-user' or 'sendemail.smtpuser'),
+	Username for SMTP-AUTH. Default is the value of `sendemail.smtpUser`;
+	if a username is not specified (with `--smtp-user` or `sendemail.smtpUser`),
 	then authentication is not attempted.
 
 --smtp-debug=0|1::
@@ -234,6 +255,21 @@ must be used for each option.
 	commands and replies will be printed. Useful to debug TLS
 	connection and authentication problems.
 
+--batch-size=<num>::
+	Some email servers (e.g. smtp.163.com) limit the number emails to be
+	sent per session (connection) and this will lead to a failure when
+	sending many messages.  With this option, send-email will disconnect after
+	sending $<num> messages and wait for a few seconds (see --relogin-delay)
+	and reconnect, to work around such a limit.  You may want to
+	use some form of credential helper to avoid having to retype
+	your password every time this happens.  Defaults to the
+	`sendemail.smtpBatchSize` configuration variable.
+
+--relogin-delay=<int>::
+	Waiting $<int> seconds before reconnecting to SMTP server. Used together
+	with --batch-size option.  Defaults to the `sendemail.smtpReloginDelay`
+	configuration variable.
+
 Automating
 ~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -247,25 +283,25 @@ Automating
 	Specify a command to execute once per patch file which
 	should generate patch file specific "Cc:" entries.
 	Output of this command must be single email address per line.
-	Default is the value of 'sendemail.cccmd' configuration value.
+	Default is the value of `sendemail.ccCmd` configuration value.
 
 --[no-]chain-reply-to::
 	If this is set, each email will be sent as a reply to the previous
 	email sent.  If disabled with "--no-chain-reply-to", all emails after
 	the first will be sent as replies to the first email sent.  When using
 	this, it is recommended that the first file given be an overview of the
-	entire patch series. Disabled by default, but the 'sendemail.chainreplyto'
+	entire patch series. Disabled by default, but the `sendemail.chainReplyTo`
 	configuration variable can be used to enable it.
 
 --identity=<identity>::
 	A configuration identity. When given, causes values in the
 	'sendemail.<identity>' subsection to take precedence over
 	values in the 'sendemail' section. The default identity is
-	the value of 'sendemail.identity'.
+	the value of `sendemail.identity`.
 
 --[no-]signed-off-by-cc::
 	If this is set, add emails found in Signed-off-by: or Cc: lines to the
-	cc list. Default is the value of 'sendemail.signedoffbycc' configuration
+	cc list. Default is the value of `sendemail.signedoffbycc` configuration
 	value; if that is unspecified, default to --signed-off-by-cc.
 
 --[no-]cc-cover::
@@ -298,13 +334,13 @@ Automating
 - 'all' will suppress all auto cc values.
 --
 +
-Default is the value of 'sendemail.suppresscc' configuration value; if
+Default is the value of `sendemail.suppresscc` configuration value; if
 that is unspecified, default to 'self' if --suppress-from is
 specified, as well as 'body' if --no-signed-off-cc is specified.
 
 --[no-]suppress-from::
 	If this is set, do not add the From: address to the cc: list.
-	Default is the value of 'sendemail.suppressfrom' configuration
+	Default is the value of `sendemail.suppressFrom` configuration
 	value; if that is unspecified, default to --no-suppress-from.
 
 --[no-]thread::
@@ -316,7 +352,7 @@ specified, as well as 'body' if --no-signed-off-cc is specified.
 +
 If disabled with "--no-thread", those headers will not be added
 (unless specified with --in-reply-to).  Default is the value of the
-'sendemail.thread' configuration value; if that is unspecified,
+`sendemail.thread` configuration value; if that is unspecified,
 default to --thread.
 +
 It is up to the user to ensure that no In-Reply-To header already
@@ -341,7 +377,7 @@ Administering
 - 'auto' is equivalent to 'cc' + 'compose'
 --
 +
-Default is the value of 'sendemail.confirm' configuration value; if that
+Default is the value of `sendemail.confirm` configuration value; if that
 is unspecified, default to 'auto' unless any of the suppress options
 have been specified, in which case default to 'compose'.
 
@@ -350,8 +386,8 @@ have been specified, in which case default to 'compose'.
 
 --[no-]format-patch::
 	When an argument may be understood either as a reference or as a file name,
-	choose to understand it as a format-patch argument ('--format-patch')
-	or as a file name ('--no-format-patch'). By default, when such a conflict
+	choose to understand it as a format-patch argument (`--format-patch`)
+	or as a file name (`--no-format-patch`). By default, when such a conflict
 	occurs, git send-email will fail.
 
 --quiet::
@@ -363,51 +399,86 @@ have been specified, in which case default to 'compose'.
 	Currently, validation means the following:
 +
 --
-		*	Warn of patches that contain lines longer than 998 characters; this
-			is due to SMTP limits as described by http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2821.txt.
+		*	Invoke the sendemail-validate hook if present (see linkgit:githooks[5]).
+		*	Warn of patches that contain lines longer than
+			998 characters unless a suitable transfer encoding
+			('auto', 'base64', or 'quoted-printable') is used;
+			this is due to SMTP limits as described by
+			http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5322.txt.
 --
 +
-Default is the value of 'sendemail.validate'; if this is not set,
-default to '--validate'.
+Default is the value of `sendemail.validate`; if this is not set,
+default to `--validate`.
 
 --force::
 	Send emails even if safety checks would prevent it.
 
 
+Information
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+--dump-aliases::
+	Instead of the normal operation, dump the shorthand alias names from
+	the configured alias file(s), one per line in alphabetical order. Note,
+	this only includes the alias name and not its expanded email addresses.
+	See 'sendemail.aliasesfile' for more information about aliases.
+
+
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 
-sendemail.aliasesfile::
+sendemail.aliasesFile::
 	To avoid typing long email addresses, point this to one or more
-	email aliases files.  You must also supply 'sendemail.aliasfiletype'.
+	email aliases files.  You must also supply `sendemail.aliasFileType`.
 
-sendemail.aliasfiletype::
-	Format of the file(s) specified in sendemail.aliasesfile. Must be
-	one of 'mutt', 'mailrc', 'pine', 'elm', or 'gnus'.
+sendemail.aliasFileType::
+	Format of the file(s) specified in sendemail.aliasesFile. Must be
+	one of 'mutt', 'mailrc', 'pine', 'elm', or 'gnus', or 'sendmail'.
++
+What an alias file in each format looks like can be found in
+the documentation of the email program of the same name. The
+differences and limitations from the standard formats are
+described below:
++
+--
+sendmail;;
+*	Quoted aliases and quoted addresses are not supported: lines that
+	contain a `"` symbol are ignored.
+*	Redirection to a file (`/path/name`) or pipe (`|command`) is not
+	supported.
+*	File inclusion (`:include: /path/name`) is not supported.
+*	Warnings are printed on the standard error output for any
+	explicitly unsupported constructs, and any other lines that are not
+	recognized by the parser.
+--
 
-sendemail.multiedit::
+sendemail.multiEdit::
 	If true (default), a single editor instance will be spawned to edit
-	files you have to edit (patches when '--annotate' is used, and the
-	summary when '--compose' is used). If false, files will be edited one
+	files you have to edit (patches when `--annotate` is used, and the
+	summary when `--compose` is used). If false, files will be edited one
 	after the other, spawning a new editor each time.
 
 sendemail.confirm::
 	Sets the default for whether to confirm before sending. Must be
-	one of 'always', 'never', 'cc', 'compose', or 'auto'. See '--confirm'
+	one of 'always', 'never', 'cc', 'compose', or 'auto'. See `--confirm`
 	in the previous section for the meaning of these values.
 
-EXAMPLE
--------
+EXAMPLES
+--------
 Use gmail as the smtp server
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 To use 'git send-email' to send your patches through the GMail SMTP server,
 edit ~/.gitconfig to specify your account settings:
 
 	[sendemail]
-		smtpencryption = tls
-		smtpserver = smtp.gmail.com
-		smtpuser = yourname@gmail.com
-		smtpserverport = 587
+		smtpEncryption = tls
+		smtpServer = smtp.gmail.com
+		smtpUser = yourname@gmail.com
+		smtpServerPort = 587
+
+If you have multifactor authentication setup on your gmail account, you will
+need to generate an app-specific password for use with 'git send-email'. Visit
+https://security.google.com/settings/security/apppasswords to create it.
 
 Once your commits are ready to be sent to the mailing list, run the
 following commands:
@@ -416,6 +487,11 @@ following commands:
 	$ edit outgoing/0000-*
 	$ git send-email outgoing/*
 
+The first time you run it, you will be prompted for your credentials.  Enter the
+app-specific or your regular password as appropriate.  If you have credential
+helper configured (see linkgit:git-credential[1]), the password will be saved in
+the credential store so you won't have to type it the next time.
+
 Note: the following perl modules are required
       Net::SMTP::SSL, MIME::Base64 and Authen::SASL
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
index 45c7725dc3..44fd146b91 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,10 @@ git-send-pack - Push objects over Git protocol to another repository
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git send-pack' [--all] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<host>:]<directory> [<ref>...]
+'git send-pack' [--all] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>]
+		[--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic]
+		[--[no-]signed|--signed=(true|false|if-asked)]
+		[<host>:]<directory> [<ref>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -29,7 +32,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	a directory on the default $PATH.
 
 --exec=<git-receive-pack>::
-	Same as \--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>.
+	Same as --receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>.
 
 --all::
 	Instead of explicitly specifying which refs to update,
@@ -41,7 +44,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	option, then the refs from stdin are processed after those
 	on the command line.
 +
-If '--stateless-rpc' is specified together with this option then
+If `--stateless-rpc` is specified together with this option then
 the list of refs must be in packet format (pkt-line). Each ref must
 be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet.
 
@@ -67,6 +70,23 @@ be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet.
 	fails to update then the entire push will fail without changing any
 	refs.
 
+--[no-]signed::
+--signed=(true|false|if-asked)::
+	GPG-sign the push request to update refs on the receiving
+	side, to allow it to be checked by the hooks and/or be
+	logged.  If `false` or `--no-signed`, no signing will be
+	attempted.  If `true` or `--signed`, the push will fail if the
+	server does not support signed pushes.  If set to `if-asked`,
+	sign if and only if the server supports signed pushes.  The push
+	will also fail if the actual call to `gpg --sign` fails.  See
+	linkgit:git-receive-pack[1] for the details on the receiving end.
+
+--push-option=<string>::
+	Pass the specified string as a push option for consumption by
+	hooks on the server side.  If the server doesn't support push
+	options, error out.  See linkgit:git-push[1] and
+	linkgit:githooks[5] for details.
+
 <host>::
 	A remote host to house the repository.  When this
 	part is specified, 'git-receive-pack' is invoked via
@@ -79,17 +99,17 @@ be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet.
 	The remote refs to update.
 
 
-Specifying the Refs
+SPECIFYING THE REFS
 -------------------
 
 There are three ways to specify which refs to update on the
 remote end.
 
-With '--all' flag, all refs that exist locally are transferred to
+With `--all` flag, all refs that exist locally are transferred to
 the remote side.  You cannot specify any '<ref>' if you use
 this flag.
 
-Without '--all' and without any '<ref>', the heads that exist
+Without `--all` and without any '<ref>', the heads that exist
 both on the local side and on the remote side are updated.
 
 When one or more '<ref>' are specified explicitly (whether on the
@@ -120,13 +140,13 @@ name. See linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
      exist in the set of remote refs; the ref matched <src>
      locally is used as the name of the destination.
 
-Without '--force', the <src> ref is stored at the remote only if
+Without `--force`, the <src> ref is stored at the remote only if
 <dst> does not exist, or <dst> is a proper subset (i.e. an
 ancestor) of <src>.  This check, known as "fast-forward check",
 is performed in order to avoid accidentally overwriting the
 remote ref and lose other peoples' commits from there.
 
-With '--force', the fast-forward check is disabled for all refs.
+With `--force`, the fast-forward check is disabled for all refs.
 
 Optionally, a <ref> parameter can be prefixed with a plus '+' sign
 to disable the fast-forward check only on that ref.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt b/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
index 4f67c4cde6..8632612c31 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ usage::
 	die with the usage message.
 
 set_reflog_action::
-	Set GIT_REFLOG_ACTION environment to a given string (typically
+	Set `GIT_REFLOG_ACTION` environment to a given string (typically
 	the name of the program) unless it is already set.  Whenever
 	the script runs a `git` command that updates refs, a reflog
 	entry is created using the value of this string to leave the
diff --git a/Documentation/git-shell.txt b/Documentation/git-shell.txt
index e4bdd2235c..11361f33e9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-shell.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-shell.txt
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ named `git-shell-commands` in the user's home directory.
 COMMANDS
 --------
 
-'git shell' accepts the following commands after the '-c' option:
+'git shell' accepts the following commands after the `-c` option:
 
 'git receive-pack <argument>'::
 'git upload-pack <argument>'::
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ directory.
 INTERACTIVE USE
 ---------------
 
-By default, the commands above can be executed only with the '-c'
+By default, the commands above can be executed only with the `-c`
 option; the shell is not interactive.
 
 If a `~/git-shell-commands` directory is present, 'git shell'
@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@ permissions.
 If a `no-interactive-login` command exists, then it is run and the
 interactive shell is aborted.
 
-EXAMPLE
--------
+EXAMPLES
+--------
 
 To disable interactive logins, displaying a greeting instead:
 
@@ -79,6 +79,22 @@ EOF
 $ chmod +x $HOME/git-shell-commands/no-interactive-login
 ----------------
 
+To enable git-cvsserver access (which should generally have the
+`no-interactive-login` example above as a prerequisite, as creating
+the git-shell-commands directory allows interactive logins):
+
+----------------
+$ cat >$HOME/git-shell-commands/cvs <<\EOF
+if ! test $# = 1 && test "$1" = "server"
+then
+	echo >&2 "git-cvsserver only handles \"server\""
+	exit 1
+fi
+exec git cvsserver server
+EOF
+$ chmod +x $HOME/git-shell-commands/cvs
+----------------
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 ssh(1),
diff --git a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
index 31af7f2736..bc80905a8a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ git-shortlog - Summarize 'git log' output
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
+'git shortlog' [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] <path>...]
 git log --pretty=short | 'git shortlog' [<options>]
-'git shortlog' [<options>] [<revision range>] [[\--] <path>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -47,6 +47,10 @@ OPTIONS
 
 	Each pretty-printed commit will be rewrapped before it is shown.
 
+-c::
+--committer::
+	Collect and show committer identities instead of authors.
+
 -w[<width>[,<indent1>[,<indent2>]]]::
 	Linewrap the output by wrapping each line at `width`.  The first
 	line of each entry is indented by `indent1` spaces, and the second
@@ -65,11 +69,11 @@ them.
 	ways to spell <revision range>, see the "Specifying Ranges"
 	section of linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
 
-[\--] <path>...::
+[--] <path>...::
 	Consider only commits that are enough to explain how the files
 	that match the specified paths came to be.
 +
-Paths may need to be prefixed with "\-- " to separate them from
+Paths may need to be prefixed with `--` to separate them from
 options or the revision range, when confusion arises.
 
 MAPPING AUTHORS
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
index b91d4e545b..262db049d7 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ OPTIONS
         are shown before their parents).
 
 --date-order::
-	This option is similar to '--topo-order' in the sense that no
+	This option is similar to `--topo-order` in the sense that no
 	parent comes before all of its children, but otherwise commits
 	are ordered according to their commit date.
 
@@ -173,8 +173,8 @@ The "fixes" branch adds one commit "Introduce "reset type" flag to
 The current branch is "master".
 
 
-EXAMPLE
--------
+EXAMPLES
+--------
 
 If you keep your primary branches immediately under
 `refs/heads`, and topic branches in subdirectories of
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-index.txt b/Documentation/git-show-index.txt
index fbdc8adae5..424e4ba84c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-index.txt
@@ -9,17 +9,32 @@ git-show-index - Show packed archive index
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git show-index' < idx-file
+'git show-index'
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Reads given idx file for packed Git archive created with
-'git pack-objects' command, and dumps its contents.
+Read the `.idx` file for a Git packfile (created with
+linkgit:git-pack-objects[1] or linkgit:git-index-pack[1]) from the
+standard input, and dump its contents. The output consists of one object
+per line, with each line containing two or three space-separated
+columns:
 
-The information it outputs is subset of what you can get from
-'git verify-pack -v'; this command only shows the packfile
-offset and SHA-1 of each object.
+  - the first column is the offset in bytes of the object within the
+    corresponding packfile
+
+  - the second column is the object id of the object
+
+  - if the index version is 2 or higher, the third column contains the
+    CRC32 of the object data
+
+The objects are output in the order in which they are found in the index
+file, which should be (in a correctly constructed file) sorted by object
+id.
+
+Note that you can get more information on a packfile by calling
+linkgit:git-verify-pack[1]. However, as this command considers only the
+index file itself, it's both faster and more flexible.
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
index 2a6f89b235..d28e6154c6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 'git show-ref' [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference]
 	     [-s|--hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags]
 	     [--heads] [--] [<pattern>...]
-'git show-ref' --exclude-existing[=<pattern>] < ref-list
+'git show-ref' --exclude-existing[=<pattern>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -23,8 +23,9 @@ particular ref exists.
 
 By default, shows the tags, heads, and remote refs.
 
-The --exclude-existing form is a filter that does the inverse, it shows the
-refs from stdin that don't exist in the local repository.
+The --exclude-existing form is a filter that does the inverse. It reads
+refs from stdin, one ref per line, and shows those that don't exist in
+the local repository.
 
 Use of this utility is encouraged in favor of directly accessing files under
 the `.git` directory.
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ OPTIONS
 
 	Enable stricter reference checking by requiring an exact ref path.
 	Aside from returning an error code of 1, it will also print an error
-	message if '--quiet' was not specified.
+	message if `--quiet` was not specified.
 
 --abbrev[=<n>]::
 
@@ -69,7 +70,7 @@ OPTIONS
 -q::
 --quiet::
 
-	Do not print any results to stdout. When combined with '--verify' this
+	Do not print any results to stdout. When combined with `--verify` this
 	can be used to silently check if a reference exists.
 
 --exclude-existing[=<pattern>]::
@@ -119,8 +120,8 @@ $ git show-ref --heads --hash
 ...
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-EXAMPLE
--------
+EXAMPLES
+--------
 
 To show all references called "master", whether tags or heads or anything
 else, and regardless of how deep in the reference naming hierarchy they are,
@@ -133,7 +134,7 @@ use:
 This will show "refs/heads/master" but also "refs/remote/other-repo/master",
 if such references exists.
 
-When using the '--verify' flag, the command requires an exact path:
+When using the `--verify` flag, the command requires an exact path:
 
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 	git show-ref --verify refs/heads/master
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show.txt b/Documentation/git-show.txt
index 4e617e6979..fcf528c1b3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-show - Show various types of objects
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git show' [options] <object>...
+'git show' [<options>] [<object>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ presents the merge commit in a special format as produced by
 For tags, it shows the tag message and the referenced objects.
 
 For trees, it shows the names (equivalent to 'git ls-tree'
-with \--name-only).
+with --name-only).
 
 For plain blobs, it shows the plain contents.
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ This manual page describes only the most frequently used options.
 OPTIONS
 -------
 <object>...::
-	The names of objects to show.
+	The names of objects to show (defaults to 'HEAD').
 	For a more complete list of ways to spell object names, see
 	"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ EXAMPLES
 	Concatenates the contents of said Makefiles in the head
 	of the branch `master`.
 
-Discussion
+DISCUSSION
 ----------
 
 include::i18n.txt[]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-stash.txt b/Documentation/git-stash.txt
index 375213fe46..7ef8c47911 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-stash.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-stash.txt
@@ -13,8 +13,9 @@ SYNOPSIS
 'git stash' drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
 'git stash' ( pop | apply ) [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
 'git stash' branch <branchname> [<stash>]
-'git stash' [save [-p|--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet]
-	     [-u|--include-untracked] [-a|--all] [<message>]]
+'git stash' [push [-p|--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet]
+	     [-u|--include-untracked] [-a|--all] [-m|--message <message>]
+	     [--] [<pathspec>...]]
 'git stash' clear
 'git stash' create [<message>]
 'git stash' store [-m|--message <message>] [-q|--quiet] <commit>
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ and reverts the working directory to match the `HEAD` commit.
 The modifications stashed away by this command can be listed with
 `git stash list`, inspected with `git stash show`, and restored
 (potentially on top of a different commit) with `git stash apply`.
-Calling `git stash` without any arguments is equivalent to `git stash save`.
+Calling `git stash` without any arguments is equivalent to `git stash push`.
 A stash is by default listed as "WIP on 'branchname' ...", but
 you can give a more descriptive message on the command line when
 you create one.
@@ -39,19 +40,30 @@ The latest stash you created is stored in `refs/stash`; older
 stashes are found in the reflog of this reference and can be named using
 the usual reflog syntax (e.g. `stash@{0}` is the most recently
 created stash, `stash@{1}` is the one before it, `stash@{2.hours.ago}`
-is also possible).
+is also possible). Stashes may also be referenced by specifying just the
+stash index (e.g. the integer `n` is equivalent to `stash@{n}`).
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
-save [-p|--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-u|--include-untracked] [-a|--all] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]::
+push [-p|--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-u|--include-untracked] [-a|--all] [-q|--quiet] [-m|--message <message>] [--] [<pathspec>...]::
 
-	Save your local modifications to a new 'stash', and run `git reset
-	--hard` to revert them.  The <message> part is optional and gives
-	the description along with the stashed state.  For quickly making
-	a snapshot, you can omit _both_ "save" and <message>, but giving
-	only <message> does not trigger this action to prevent a misspelled
-	subcommand from making an unwanted stash.
+	Save your local modifications to a new 'stash entry' and roll them
+	back to HEAD (in the working tree and in the index).
+	The <message> part is optional and gives
+	the description along with the stashed state.
++
+For quickly making a snapshot, you can omit "push".  In this mode,
+non-option arguments are not allowed to prevent a misspelled
+subcommand from making an unwanted stash entry.  The two exceptions to this
+are `stash -p` which acts as alias for `stash push -p` and pathspecs,
+which are allowed after a double hyphen `--` for disambiguation.
++
+When pathspec is given to 'git stash push', the new stash entry records the
+modified states only for the files that match the pathspec.  The index
+entries and working tree files are then rolled back to the state in
+HEAD only for these files, too, leaving files that do not match the
+pathspec intact.
 +
 If the `--keep-index` option is used, all changes already added to the
 index are left intact.
@@ -72,12 +84,18 @@ linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `--patch` mode.
 The `--patch` option implies `--keep-index`.  You can use
 `--no-keep-index` to override this.
 
+save [-p|--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-u|--include-untracked] [-a|--all] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]::
+
+	This option is deprecated in favour of 'git stash push'.  It
+	differs from "stash push" in that it cannot take pathspecs,
+	and any non-option arguments form the message.
+
 list [<options>]::
 
-	List the stashes that you currently have.  Each 'stash' is listed
-	with its name (e.g. `stash@{0}` is the latest stash, `stash@{1}` is
+	List the stash entries that you currently have.  Each 'stash entry' is
+	listed with its name (e.g. `stash@{0}` is the latest entry, `stash@{1}` is
 	the one before, etc.), the name of the branch that was current when the
-	stash was made, and a short description of the commit the stash was
+	entry was made, and a short description of the commit the entry was
 	based on.
 +
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -90,17 +108,20 @@ command to control what is shown and how. See linkgit:git-log[1].
 
 show [<stash>]::
 
-	Show the changes recorded in the stash as a diff between the
-	stashed state and its original parent. When no `<stash>` is given,
-	shows the latest one. By default, the command shows the diffstat, but
-	it will accept any format known to 'git diff' (e.g., `git stash show
-	-p stash@{1}` to view the second most recent stash in patch form).
+	Show the changes recorded in the stash entry as a diff between the
+	stashed contents and the commit back when the stash entry was first
+	created. When no `<stash>` is given, it shows the latest one.
+	By default, the command shows the diffstat, but it will accept any
+	format known to 'git diff' (e.g., `git stash show -p stash@{1}`
+	to view the second most recent entry in patch form).
+	You can use stash.showStat and/or stash.showPatch config variables
+	to change the default behavior.
 
 pop [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
 
 	Remove a single stashed state from the stash list and apply it
 	on top of the current working tree state, i.e., do the inverse
-	operation of `git stash save`. The working directory must
+	operation of `git stash push`. The working directory must
 	match the index.
 +
 Applying the state can fail with conflicts; in this case, it is not
@@ -119,7 +140,7 @@ apply [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
 
 	Like `pop`, but do not remove the state from the stash list. Unlike `pop`,
 	`<stash>` may be any commit that looks like a commit created by
-	`stash save` or `stash create`.
+	`stash push` or `stash create`.
 
 branch <branchname> [<stash>]::
 
@@ -130,45 +151,46 @@ branch <branchname> [<stash>]::
 	`stash@{<revision>}`, it then drops the `<stash>`. When no `<stash>`
 	is given, applies the latest one.
 +
-This is useful if the branch on which you ran `git stash save` has
+This is useful if the branch on which you ran `git stash push` has
 changed enough that `git stash apply` fails due to conflicts. Since
-the stash is applied on top of the commit that was HEAD at the time
-`git stash` was run, it restores the originally stashed state with
-no conflicts.
+the stash entry is applied on top of the commit that was HEAD at the
+time `git stash` was run, it restores the originally stashed state
+with no conflicts.
 
 clear::
-	Remove all the stashed states. Note that those states will then
+	Remove all the stash entries. Note that those entries will then
 	be subject to pruning, and may be impossible to recover (see
 	'Examples' below for a possible strategy).
 
 drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
 
-	Remove a single stashed state from the stash list. When no `<stash>`
-	is given, it removes the latest one. i.e. `stash@{0}`, otherwise
-	`<stash>` must be a valid stash log reference of the form
-	`stash@{<revision>}`.
+	Remove a single stash entry from the list of stash entries.
+	When no `<stash>` is given, it removes the latest one.
+	i.e. `stash@{0}`, otherwise `<stash>` must be a valid stash
+	log reference of the form `stash@{<revision>}`.
 
 create::
 
-	Create a stash (which is a regular commit object) and return its
-	object name, without storing it anywhere in the ref namespace.
+	Create a stash entry (which is a regular commit object) and
+	return its object name, without storing it anywhere in the ref
+	namespace.
 	This is intended to be useful for scripts.  It is probably not
-	the command you want to use; see "save" above.
+	the command you want to use; see "push" above.
 
 store::
 
 	Store a given stash created via 'git stash create' (which is a
 	dangling merge commit) in the stash ref, updating the stash
 	reflog.  This is intended to be useful for scripts.  It is
-	probably not the command you want to use; see "save" above.
+	probably not the command you want to use; see "push" above.
 
 DISCUSSION
 ----------
 
-A stash is represented as a commit whose tree records the state of the
-working directory, and its first parent is the commit at `HEAD` when
-the stash was created.  The tree of the second parent records the
-state of the index when the stash is made, and it is made a child of
+A stash entry is represented as a commit whose tree records the state
+of the working directory, and its first parent is the commit at `HEAD`
+when the entry was created.  The tree of the second parent records the
+state of the index when the entry is made, and it is made a child of
 the `HEAD` commit.  The ancestry graph looks like this:
 
             .----W
@@ -236,14 +258,14 @@ $ git stash pop
 
 Testing partial commits::
 
-You can use `git stash save --keep-index` when you want to make two or
+You can use `git stash push --keep-index` when you want to make two or
 more commits out of the changes in the work tree, and you want to test
 each change before committing:
 +
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 # ... hack hack hack ...
 $ git add --patch foo            # add just first part to the index
-$ git stash save --keep-index    # save all other changes to the stash
+$ git stash push --keep-index    # save all other changes to the stash
 $ edit/build/test first part
 $ git commit -m 'First part'     # commit fully tested change
 $ git stash pop                  # prepare to work on all other changes
@@ -252,12 +274,12 @@ $ edit/build/test remaining parts
 $ git commit foo -m 'Remaining parts'
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Recovering stashes that were cleared/dropped erroneously::
+Recovering stash entries that were cleared/dropped erroneously::
 
-If you mistakenly drop or clear stashes, they cannot be recovered
+If you mistakenly drop or clear stash entries, they cannot be recovered
 through the normal safety mechanisms.  However, you can try the
-following incantation to get a list of stashes that are still in your
-repository, but not reachable any more:
+following incantation to get a list of stash entries that are still in
+your repository, but not reachable any more:
 +
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 git fsck --unreachable |
diff --git a/Documentation/git-status.txt b/Documentation/git-status.txt
index 4d8d530d35..d9f422d560 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-status.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-status.txt
@@ -32,21 +32,36 @@ OPTIONS
 --branch::
 	Show the branch and tracking info even in short-format.
 
---porcelain::
+--show-stash::
+	Show the number of entries currently stashed away.
+
+--porcelain[=<version>]::
 	Give the output in an easy-to-parse format for scripts.
 	This is similar to the short output, but will remain stable
 	across Git versions and regardless of user configuration. See
 	below for details.
++
+The version parameter is used to specify the format version.
+This is optional and defaults to the original version 'v1' format.
 
 --long::
 	Give the output in the long-format. This is the default.
 
+-v::
+--verbose::
+	In addition to the names of files that have been changed, also
+	show the textual changes that are staged to be committed
+	(i.e., like the output of `git diff --cached`). If `-v` is specified
+	twice, then also show the changes in the working tree that
+	have not yet been staged (i.e., like the output of `git diff`).
+
 -u[<mode>]::
 --untracked-files[=<mode>]::
 	Show untracked files.
 +
-The mode parameter is optional (defaults to 'all'), and is used to
-specify the handling of untracked files.
+The mode parameter is used to specify the handling of untracked files.
+It is optional: it defaults to 'all', and if specified, it must be
+stuck to the option (e.g. `-uno`, but not `-u no`).
 +
 The possible options are:
 +
@@ -58,7 +73,10 @@ When `-u` option is not used, untracked files and directories are
 shown (i.e. the same as specifying `normal`), to help you avoid
 forgetting to add newly created files.  Because it takes extra work
 to find untracked files in the filesystem, this mode may take some
-time in a large working tree.  You can use `no` to have `git status`
+time in a large working tree.
+Consider enabling untracked cache and split index if supported (see
+`git update-index --untracked-cache` and `git update-index
+--split-index`), Otherwise you can use `no` to have `git status`
 return more quickly without showing untracked files.
 +
 The default can be changed using the status.showUntrackedFiles
@@ -77,14 +95,33 @@ configuration variable documented in linkgit:git-config[1].
 	only changes to the commits stored in the superproject are shown (this was
 	the behavior before 1.7.0). Using "all" hides all changes to submodules
 	(and suppresses the output of submodule summaries when the config option
-	`status.submodulesummary` is set).
+	`status.submoduleSummary` is set).
 
---ignored::
+--ignored[=<mode>]::
 	Show ignored files as well.
++
+The mode parameter is used to specify the handling of ignored files.
+It is optional: it defaults to 'traditional'.
++
+The possible options are:
++
+	- 'traditional' - Shows ignored files and directories, unless
+			  --untracked-files=all is specified, in which case
+			  individual files in ignored directories are
+			  displayed.
+	- 'no'	        - Show no ignored files.
+	- 'matching'    - Shows ignored files and directories matching an
+			  ignore pattern.
++
+When 'matching' mode is specified, paths that explicitly match an
+ignored pattern are shown. If a directory matches an ignore pattern,
+then it is shown, but not paths contained in the ignored directory. If
+a directory does not match an ignore pattern, but all contents are
+ignored, then the directory is not shown, but all contents are shown.
 
 -z::
 	Terminate entries with NUL, instead of LF.  This implies
-	the `--porcelain` output format if no other format is given.
+	the `--porcelain=v1` output format if no other format is given.
 
 --column[=<options>]::
 --no-column::
@@ -93,6 +130,23 @@ configuration variable documented in linkgit:git-config[1].
 	without options are equivalent to 'always' and 'never'
 	respectively.
 
+--ahead-behind::
+--no-ahead-behind::
+	Display or do not display detailed ahead/behind counts for the
+	branch relative to its upstream branch.  Defaults to true.
+
+--renames::
+--no-renames::
+	Turn on/off rename detection regardless of user configuration.
+	See also linkgit:git-diff[1] `--no-renames`.
+
+--find-renames[=<n>]::
+	Turn on rename detection, optionally setting the similarity
+	threshold.
+	See also linkgit:git-diff[1] `--find-renames`.
+
+<pathspec>...::
+	See the 'pathspec' entry in linkgit:gitglossary[7].
 
 OUTPUT
 ------
@@ -110,14 +164,15 @@ the status.relativePaths config option below.
 Short Format
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-In the short-format, the status of each path is shown as
+In the short-format, the status of each path is shown as one of these
+forms
 
-	XY PATH1 -> PATH2
+	XY PATH
+	XY ORIG_PATH -> PATH
 
-where `PATH1` is the path in the `HEAD`, and the " `-> PATH2`" part is
-shown only when `PATH1` corresponds to a different path in the
-index/worktree (i.e. the file is renamed). The `XY` is a two-letter
-status code.
+where `ORIG_PATH` is where the renamed/copied contents came
+from. `ORIG_PATH` is only shown when the entry is renamed or
+copied. The `XY` is a two-letter status code.
 
 The fields (including the `->`) are separated from each other by a
 single space. If a filename contains whitespace or other nonprintable
@@ -144,15 +199,17 @@ in which case `XY` are `!!`.
 
     X          Y     Meaning
     -------------------------------------------------
-              [MD]   not updated
+	     [AMD]   not updated
     M        [ MD]   updated in index
     A        [ MD]   added to index
-    D         [ M]   deleted from index
+    D                deleted from index
     R        [ MD]   renamed in index
     C        [ MD]   copied in index
     [MARC]           index and work tree matches
     [ MARC]     M    work tree changed since index
     [ MARC]     D    deleted in work tree
+    [ D]        R    renamed in work tree
+    [ D]        C    copied in work tree
     -------------------------------------------------
     D           D    unmerged, both deleted
     A           U    unmerged, added by us
@@ -166,14 +223,25 @@ in which case `XY` are `!!`.
     !           !    ignored
     -------------------------------------------------
 
+Submodules have more state and instead report
+		M    the submodule has a different HEAD than
+		     recorded in the index
+		m    the submodule has modified content
+		?    the submodule has untracked files
+since modified content or untracked files in a submodule cannot be added
+via `git add` in the superproject to prepare a commit.
+
+'m' and '?' are applied recursively. For example if a nested submodule
+in a submodule contains an untracked file, this is reported as '?' as well.
+
 If -b is used the short-format status is preceded by a line
 
-## branchname tracking info
+    ## branchname tracking info
 
-Porcelain Format
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Porcelain Format Version 1
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-The porcelain format is similar to the short format, but is guaranteed
+Version 1 porcelain format is similar to the short format, but is guaranteed
 not to change in a backwards-incompatible way between Git versions or
 based on user configuration. This makes it ideal for parsing by scripts.
 The description of the short format above also describes the porcelain
@@ -195,6 +263,125 @@ field from the first filename).  Third, filenames containing special
 characters are not specially formatted; no quoting or
 backslash-escaping is performed.
 
+Any submodule changes are reported as modified `M` instead of `m` or single `?`.
+
+Porcelain Format Version 2
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Version 2 format adds more detailed information about the state of
+the worktree and changed items.  Version 2 also defines an extensible
+set of easy to parse optional headers.
+
+Header lines start with "#" and are added in response to specific
+command line arguments.  Parsers should ignore headers they
+don't recognize.
+
+### Branch Headers
+
+If `--branch` is given, a series of header lines are printed with
+information about the current branch.
+
+    Line                                     Notes
+    ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # branch.oid <commit> | (initial)        Current commit.
+    # branch.head <branch> | (detached)      Current branch.
+    # branch.upstream <upstream_branch>      If upstream is set.
+    # branch.ab +<ahead> -<behind>           If upstream is set and
+					     the commit is present.
+    ------------------------------------------------------------
+
+### Changed Tracked Entries
+
+Following the headers, a series of lines are printed for tracked
+entries.  One of three different line formats may be used to describe
+an entry depending on the type of change.  Tracked entries are printed
+in an undefined order; parsers should allow for a mixture of the 3
+line types in any order.
+
+Ordinary changed entries have the following format:
+
+    1 <XY> <sub> <mH> <mI> <mW> <hH> <hI> <path>
+
+Renamed or copied entries have the following format:
+
+    2 <XY> <sub> <mH> <mI> <mW> <hH> <hI> <X><score> <path><sep><origPath>
+
+    Field       Meaning
+    --------------------------------------------------------
+    <XY>        A 2 character field containing the staged and
+		unstaged XY values described in the short format,
+		with unchanged indicated by a "." rather than
+		a space.
+    <sub>       A 4 character field describing the submodule state.
+		"N..." when the entry is not a submodule.
+		"S<c><m><u>" when the entry is a submodule.
+		<c> is "C" if the commit changed; otherwise ".".
+		<m> is "M" if it has tracked changes; otherwise ".".
+		<u> is "U" if there are untracked changes; otherwise ".".
+    <mH>        The octal file mode in HEAD.
+    <mI>        The octal file mode in the index.
+    <mW>        The octal file mode in the worktree.
+    <hH>        The object name in HEAD.
+    <hI>        The object name in the index.
+    <X><score>  The rename or copy score (denoting the percentage
+		of similarity between the source and target of the
+		move or copy). For example "R100" or "C75".
+    <path>      The pathname.  In a renamed/copied entry, this
+		is the target path.
+    <sep>       When the `-z` option is used, the 2 pathnames are separated
+		with a NUL (ASCII 0x00) byte; otherwise, a tab (ASCII 0x09)
+		byte separates them.
+    <origPath>  The pathname in the commit at HEAD or in the index.
+		This is only present in a renamed/copied entry, and
+		tells where the renamed/copied contents came from.
+    --------------------------------------------------------
+
+Unmerged entries have the following format; the first character is
+a "u" to distinguish from ordinary changed entries.
+
+    u <xy> <sub> <m1> <m2> <m3> <mW> <h1> <h2> <h3> <path>
+
+    Field       Meaning
+    --------------------------------------------------------
+    <XY>        A 2 character field describing the conflict type
+		as described in the short format.
+    <sub>       A 4 character field describing the submodule state
+		as described above.
+    <m1>        The octal file mode in stage 1.
+    <m2>        The octal file mode in stage 2.
+    <m3>        The octal file mode in stage 3.
+    <mW>        The octal file mode in the worktree.
+    <h1>        The object name in stage 1.
+    <h2>        The object name in stage 2.
+    <h3>        The object name in stage 3.
+    <path>      The pathname.
+    --------------------------------------------------------
+
+### Other Items
+
+Following the tracked entries (and if requested), a series of
+lines will be printed for untracked and then ignored items
+found in the worktree.
+
+Untracked items have the following format:
+
+    ? <path>
+
+Ignored items have the following format:
+
+    ! <path>
+
+### Pathname Format Notes and -z
+
+When the `-z` option is given, pathnames are printed as is and
+without any quoting and lines are terminated with a NUL (ASCII 0x00)
+byte.
+
+Without the `-z` option, pathnames with "unusual" characters are
+quoted as explained for the configuration variable `core.quotePath`
+(see linkgit:git-config[1]).
+
+
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 
@@ -207,7 +394,7 @@ If the config variable `status.relativePaths` is set to false, then all
 paths shown are relative to the repository root, not to the current
 directory.
 
-If `status.submodulesummary` is set to a non zero number or true (identical
+If `status.submoduleSummary` is set to a non zero number or true (identical
 to -1 or an unlimited number), the submodule summary will be enabled for
 the long format and a summary of commits for modified submodules will be
 shown (see --summary-limit option of linkgit:git-submodule[1]). Please note
@@ -218,6 +405,19 @@ ignored submodules you can either use the --ignore-submodules=dirty command
 line option or the 'git submodule summary' command, which shows a similar
 output but does not honor these settings.
 
+BACKGROUND REFRESH
+------------------
+
+By default, `git status` will automatically refresh the index, updating
+the cached stat information from the working tree and writing out the
+result. Writing out the updated index is an optimization that isn't
+strictly necessary (`status` computes the values for itself, but writing
+them out is just to save subsequent programs from repeating our
+computation). When `status` is run in the background, the lock held
+during the write may conflict with other simultaneous processes, causing
+them to fail. Scripts running `status` in the background should consider
+using `git --no-optional-locks status` (see linkgit:git[1] for details).
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:gitignore[5]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt b/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt
index 6c6e989074..2438f76da0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt
@@ -9,14 +9,15 @@ git-stripspace - Remove unnecessary whitespace
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git stripspace' [-s | --strip-comments] < input
-'git stripspace' [-c | --comment-lines] < input
+'git stripspace' [-s | --strip-comments]
+'git stripspace' [-c | --comment-lines]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-Clean the input in the manner used by Git for text such as commit
-messages, notes, tags and branch descriptions.
+Read text, such as commit messages, notes, tags and branch
+descriptions, from the standard input and clean it in the manner
+used by Git.
 
 With no arguments, this will:
 
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ EXAMPLES
 
 Given the following noisy input with '$' indicating the end of a line:
 
---------
+---------
 |A brief introduction   $
 |   $
 |$
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ Given the following noisy input with '$' indicating the end of a line:
 
 Use 'git stripspace' with no arguments to obtain:
 
---------
+---------
 |A brief introduction$
 |$
 |A new paragraph$
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ Use 'git stripspace' with no arguments to obtain:
 
 Use 'git stripspace --strip-comments' to obtain:
 
---------
+---------
 |A brief introduction$
 |$
 |A new paragraph$
diff --git a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
index 2c25916f8f..ba3c4df550 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
@@ -9,111 +9,69 @@ git-submodule - Initialize, update or inspect submodules
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git submodule' [--quiet] add [-b <branch>] [-f|--force] [--name <name>]
-	      [--reference <repository>] [--depth <depth>] [--] <repository> [<path>]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] add [<options>] [--] <repository> [<path>]
 'git submodule' [--quiet] status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
 'git submodule' [--quiet] init [--] [<path>...]
-'git submodule' [--quiet] deinit [-f|--force] [--] <path>...
-'git submodule' [--quiet] update [--init] [--remote] [-N|--no-fetch]
-	      [-f|--force] [--rebase|--merge] [--reference <repository>]
-	      [--depth <depth>] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
-'git submodule' [--quiet] summary [--cached|--files] [(-n|--summary-limit) <n>]
-	      [commit] [--] [<path>...]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] deinit [-f|--force] (--all|[--] <path>...)
+'git submodule' [--quiet] update [<options>] [--] [<path>...]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] summary [<options>] [--] [<path>...]
 'git submodule' [--quiet] foreach [--recursive] <command>
 'git submodule' [--quiet] sync [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] absorbgitdirs [--] [<path>...]
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Submodules allow foreign repositories to be embedded within
-a dedicated subdirectory of the source tree, always pointed
-at a particular commit.
-
-They are not to be confused with remotes, which are meant mainly
-for branches of the same project; submodules are meant for
-different projects you would like to make part of your source tree,
-while the history of the two projects still stays completely
-independent and you cannot modify the contents of the submodule
-from within the main project.
-If you want to merge the project histories and want to treat the
-aggregated whole as a single project from then on, you may want to
-add a remote for the other project and use the 'subtree' merge strategy,
-instead of treating the other project as a submodule. Directories
-that come from both projects can be cloned and checked out as a whole
-if you choose to go that route.
-
-Submodules are composed from a so-called `gitlink` tree entry
-in the main repository that refers to a particular commit object
-within the inner repository that is completely separate.
-A record in the `.gitmodules` (see linkgit:gitmodules[5]) file at the
-root of the source tree assigns a logical name to the submodule and
-describes the default URL the submodule shall be cloned from.
-The logical name can be used for overriding this URL within your
-local repository configuration (see 'submodule init').
-
-This command will manage the tree entries and contents of the
-gitmodules file for you, as well as inspect the status of your
-submodules and update them.
-When adding a new submodule to the tree, the 'add' subcommand
-is to be used.  However, when pulling a tree containing submodules,
-these will not be checked out by default;
-the 'init' and 'update' subcommands will maintain submodules
-checked out and at appropriate revision in your working tree.
-You can briefly inspect the up-to-date status of your submodules
-using the 'status' subcommand and get a detailed overview of the
-difference between the index and checkouts using the 'summary'
-subcommand.
+Inspects, updates and manages submodules.
 
+For more information about submodules, see linkgit:gitsubmodules[7].
 
 COMMANDS
 --------
-add::
+add [-b <branch>] [-f|--force] [--name <name>] [--reference <repository>] [--depth <depth>] [--] <repository> [<path>]::
 	Add the given repository as a submodule at the given path
 	to the changeset to be committed next to the current
 	project: the current project is termed the "superproject".
 +
-This requires at least one argument: <repository>. The optional
-argument <path> is the relative location for the cloned submodule
-to exist in the superproject. If <path> is not given, the
-"humanish" part of the source repository is used ("repo" for
-"/path/to/repo.git" and "foo" for "host.xz:foo/.git").
-The <path> is also used as the submodule's logical name in its
-configuration entries unless `--name` is used to specify a logical name.
-+
 <repository> is the URL of the new submodule's origin repository.
 This may be either an absolute URL, or (if it begins with ./
-or ../), the location relative to the superproject's origin
+or ../), the location relative to the superproject's default remote
 repository (Please note that to specify a repository 'foo.git'
 which is located right next to a superproject 'bar.git', you'll
 have to use '../foo.git' instead of './foo.git' - as one might expect
 when following the rules for relative URLs - because the evaluation
 of relative URLs in Git is identical to that of relative directories).
-If the superproject doesn't have an origin configured
++
+The default remote is the remote of the remote-tracking branch
+of the current branch. If no such remote-tracking branch exists or
+the HEAD is detached, "origin" is assumed to be the default remote.
+If the superproject doesn't have a default remote configured
 the superproject is its own authoritative upstream and the current
 working directory is used instead.
 +
-<path> is the relative location for the cloned submodule to
-exist in the superproject. If <path> does not exist, then the
-submodule is created by cloning from the named URL. If <path> does
-exist and is already a valid Git repository, then this is added
-to the changeset without cloning. This second form is provided
-to ease creating a new submodule from scratch, and presumes
-the user will later push the submodule to the given URL.
+The optional argument <path> is the relative location for the cloned
+submodule to exist in the superproject. If <path> is not given, the
+canonical part of the source repository is used ("repo" for
+"/path/to/repo.git" and "foo" for "host.xz:foo/.git"). If <path>
+exists and is already a valid Git repository, then it is staged
+for commit without cloning. The <path> is also used as the submodule's
+logical name in its configuration entries unless `--name` is used
+to specify a logical name.
 +
-In either case, the given URL is recorded into .gitmodules for
-use by subsequent users cloning the superproject. If the URL is
-given relative to the superproject's repository, the presumption
-is the superproject and submodule repositories will be kept
-together in the same relative location, and only the
-superproject's URL needs to be provided: git-submodule will correctly
-locate the submodule using the relative URL in .gitmodules.
-
-status::
+The given URL is recorded into `.gitmodules` for use by subsequent users
+cloning the superproject. If the URL is given relative to the
+superproject's repository, the presumption is the superproject and
+submodule repositories will be kept together in the same relative
+location, and only the superproject's URL needs to be provided.
+git-submodule will correctly locate the submodule using the relative
+URL in `.gitmodules`.
+
+status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]::
 	Show the status of the submodules. This will print the SHA-1 of the
 	currently checked out commit for each submodule, along with the
 	submodule path and the output of 'git describe' for the
-	SHA-1. Each SHA-1 will be prefixed with `-` if the submodule is not
-	initialized, `+` if the currently checked out submodule commit
+	SHA-1. Each SHA-1 will possibly be prefixed with `-` if the submodule is
+	not initialized, `+` if the currently checked out submodule commit
 	does not match the SHA-1 found in the index of the containing
 	repository and `U` if the submodule has merge conflicts.
 +
@@ -125,81 +83,92 @@ submodules with respect to the commit recorded in the index or the HEAD,
 linkgit:git-status[1] and linkgit:git-diff[1] will provide that information
 too (and can also report changes to a submodule's work tree).
 
-init::
+init [--] [<path>...]::
 	Initialize the submodules recorded in the index (which were
-	added and committed elsewhere) by copying submodule
-	names and urls from .gitmodules to .git/config.
-	Optional <path> arguments limit which submodules will be initialized.
-	It will also copy the value of `submodule.$name.update` into
-	.git/config.
-	The key used in .git/config is `submodule.$name.url`.
-	This command does not alter existing information in .git/config.
-	You can then customize the submodule clone URLs in .git/config
-	for your local setup and proceed to `git submodule update`;
-	you can also just use `git submodule update --init` without
-	the explicit 'init' step if you do not intend to customize
-	any submodule locations.
-
-deinit::
+	added and committed elsewhere) by setting `submodule.$name.url`
+	in .git/config. It uses the same setting from `.gitmodules` as
+	a template. If the URL is relative, it will be resolved using
+	the default remote. If there is no default remote, the current
+	repository will be assumed to be upstream.
++
+Optional <path> arguments limit which submodules will be initialized.
+If no path is specified and submodule.active has been configured, submodules
+configured to be active will be initialized, otherwise all submodules are
+initialized.
++
+When present, it will also copy the value of `submodule.$name.update`.
+This command does not alter existing information in .git/config.
+You can then customize the submodule clone URLs in .git/config
+for your local setup and proceed to `git submodule update`;
+you can also just use `git submodule update --init` without
+the explicit 'init' step if you do not intend to customize
+any submodule locations.
++
+See the add subcommand for the definition of default remote.
+
+deinit [-f|--force] (--all|[--] <path>...)::
 	Unregister the given submodules, i.e. remove the whole
 	`submodule.$name` section from .git/config together with their work
 	tree. Further calls to `git submodule update`, `git submodule foreach`
 	and `git submodule sync` will skip any unregistered submodules until
 	they are initialized again, so use this command if you don't want to
-	have a local checkout of the submodule in your work tree anymore. If
-	you really want to remove a submodule from the repository and commit
-	that use linkgit:git-rm[1] instead.
+	have a local checkout of the submodule in your working tree anymore.
++
+When the command is run without pathspec, it errors out,
+instead of deinit-ing everything, to prevent mistakes.
 +
-If `--force` is specified, the submodule's work tree will be removed even if
-it contains local modifications.
+If `--force` is specified, the submodule's working tree will
+be removed even if it contains local modifications.
++
+If you really want to remove a submodule from the repository and commit
+that use linkgit:git-rm[1] instead. See linkgit:gitsubmodules[7] for removal
+options.
 
-update::
+update [--init] [--remote] [-N|--no-fetch] [--[no-]recommend-shallow] [-f|--force] [--checkout|--rebase|--merge] [--reference <repository>] [--depth <depth>] [--recursive] [--jobs <n>] [--] [<path>...]::
 +
 --
 Update the registered submodules to match what the superproject
 expects by cloning missing submodules and updating the working tree of
 the submodules. The "updating" can be done in several ways depending
 on command line options and the value of `submodule.<name>.update`
-configuration variable. Supported update procedures are:
+configuration variable. The command line option takes precedence over
+the configuration variable. If neither is given, a 'checkout' is performed.
+The 'update' procedures supported both from the command line as well as
+through the `submodule.<name>.update` configuration are:
 
 	checkout;; the commit recorded in the superproject will be
-	    checked out in the submodule on a detached HEAD. This is
-	    done when `--checkout` option is given, or no option is
-	    given, and `submodule.<name>.update` is unset, or if it is
-	    set to 'checkout'.
+	    checked out in the submodule on a detached HEAD.
 +
 If `--force` is specified, the submodule will be checked out (using
-`git checkout --force` if appropriate), even if the commit specified
+`git checkout --force`), even if the commit specified
 in the index of the containing repository already matches the commit
 checked out in the submodule.
 
 	rebase;; the current branch of the submodule will be rebased
-	    onto the commit recorded in the superproject. This is done
-	    when `--rebase` option is given, or no option is given, and
-	    `submodule.<name>.update` is set to 'rebase'.
+	    onto the commit recorded in the superproject.
 
 	merge;; the commit recorded in the superproject will be merged
-	    into the current branch in the submodule. This is done
-	    when `--merge` option is given, or no option is given, and
-	    `submodule.<name>.update` is set to 'merge'.
+	    into the current branch in the submodule.
+
+The following 'update' procedures are only available via the
+`submodule.<name>.update` configuration variable:
 
 	custom command;; arbitrary shell command that takes a single
 	    argument (the sha1 of the commit recorded in the
-	    superproject) is executed. This is done when no option is
-	    given, and `submodule.<name>.update` has the form of
-	    '!command'.
+	    superproject) is executed. When `submodule.<name>.update`
+	    is set to '!command', the remainder after the exclamation mark
+	    is the custom command.
 
-When no option is given and `submodule.<name>.update` is set to 'none',
-the submodule is not updated.
+	none;; the submodule is not updated.
 
 If the submodule is not yet initialized, and you just want to use the
-setting as stored in .gitmodules, you can automatically initialize the
+setting as stored in `.gitmodules`, you can automatically initialize the
 submodule with the `--init` option.
 
 If `--recursive` is specified, this command will recurse into the
 registered submodules, and update any nested submodules within.
 --
-summary::
+summary [--cached|--files] [(-n|--summary-limit) <n>] [commit] [--] [<path>...]::
 	Show commit summary between the given commit (defaults to HEAD) and
 	working tree/index. For a submodule in question, a series of commits
 	in the submodule between the given super project commit and the
@@ -212,14 +181,19 @@ summary::
 Using the `--submodule=log` option with linkgit:git-diff[1] will provide that
 information too.
 
-foreach::
+foreach [--recursive] <command>::
 	Evaluates an arbitrary shell command in each checked out submodule.
-	The command has access to the variables $name, $path, $sha1 and
-	$toplevel:
-	$name is the name of the relevant submodule section in .gitmodules,
-	$path is the name of the submodule directory relative to the
-	superproject, $sha1 is the commit as recorded in the superproject,
-	and $toplevel is the absolute path to the top-level of the superproject.
+	The command has access to the variables $name, $sm_path, $displaypath,
+	$sha1 and $toplevel:
+	$name is the name of the relevant submodule section in `.gitmodules`,
+	$sm_path is the path of the submodule as recorded in the immediate
+	superproject, $displaypath contains the relative path from the
+	current working directory to the submodules root directory,
+	$sha1 is the commit as recorded in the immediate
+	superproject, and $toplevel is the absolute path to the top-level
+	of the immediate superproject.
+	Note that to avoid conflicts with '$PATH' on Windows, the '$path'
+	variable is now a deprecated synonym of '$sm_path' variable.
 	Any submodules defined in the superproject but not checked out are
 	ignored by this command. Unless given `--quiet`, foreach prints the name
 	of each submodule before evaluating the command.
@@ -229,20 +203,40 @@ foreach::
 	the processing to terminate. This can be overridden by adding '|| :'
 	to the end of the command.
 +
-As an example, +git submodule foreach \'echo $path {backtick}git
-rev-parse HEAD{backtick}'+ will show the path and currently checked out
-commit for each submodule.
+As an example, the command below will show the path and currently
+checked out commit for each submodule:
++
+--------------
+git submodule foreach 'echo $path `git rev-parse HEAD`'
+--------------
 
-sync::
+sync [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]::
 	Synchronizes submodules' remote URL configuration setting
-	to the value specified in .gitmodules. It will only affect those
+	to the value specified in `.gitmodules`. It will only affect those
 	submodules which already have a URL entry in .git/config (that is the
 	case when they are initialized or freshly added). This is useful when
 	submodule URLs change upstream and you need to update your local
 	repositories accordingly.
 +
-"git submodule sync" synchronizes all submodules while
-"git submodule sync \-- A" synchronizes submodule "A" only.
+`git submodule sync` synchronizes all submodules while
+`git submodule sync -- A` synchronizes submodule "A" only.
++
+If `--recursive` is specified, this command will recurse into the
+registered submodules, and sync any nested submodules within.
+
+absorbgitdirs::
+	If a git directory of a submodule is inside the submodule,
+	move the git directory of the submodule into its superprojects
+	`$GIT_DIR/modules` path and then connect the git directory and
+	its working directory by setting the `core.worktree` and adding
+	a .git file pointing to the git directory embedded in the
+	superprojects git directory.
++
+A repository that was cloned independently and later added as a submodule or
+old setups have the submodules git directory inside the submodule instead of
+embedded into the superprojects git directory.
++
+This command is recursive by default.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -250,18 +244,31 @@ OPTIONS
 --quiet::
 	Only print error messages.
 
+--progress::
+	This option is only valid for add and update commands.
+	Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
+	by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q
+	is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the
+	standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.
+
+--all::
+	This option is only valid for the deinit command. Unregister all
+	submodules in the working tree.
+
 -b::
 --branch::
 	Branch of repository to add as submodule.
 	The name of the branch is recorded as `submodule.<name>.branch` in
-	`.gitmodules` for `update --remote`.
+	`.gitmodules` for `update --remote`.  A special value of `.` is used to
+	indicate that the name of the branch in the submodule should be the
+	same name as the current branch in the current repository.
 
 -f::
 --force::
 	This option is only valid for add, deinit and update commands.
 	When running add, allow adding an otherwise ignored submodule path.
-	When running deinit the submodule work trees will be removed even if
-	they contain local changes.
+	When running deinit the submodule working trees will be removed even
+	if they contain local changes.
 	When running update (only effective with the checkout procedure),
 	throw away local changes in submodules when switching to a
 	different commit; and always run a checkout operation in the
@@ -367,10 +374,18 @@ the submodule itself.
 	this option will be passed to the linkgit:git-clone[1] command.
 +
 *NOTE*: Do *not* use this option unless you have read the note
-for linkgit:git-clone[1]'s `--reference` and `--shared` options carefully.
+for linkgit:git-clone[1]'s `--reference`, `--shared`, and `--dissociate`
+options carefully.
+
+--dissociate::
+	This option is only valid for add and update commands.  These
+	commands sometimes need to clone a remote repository. In this case,
+	this option will be passed to the linkgit:git-clone[1] command.
++
+*NOTE*: see the NOTE for the `--reference` option.
 
 --recursive::
-	This option is only valid for foreach, update and status commands.
+	This option is only valid for foreach, update, status and sync commands.
 	Traverse submodules recursively. The operation is performed not
 	only in the submodules of the current repo, but also
 	in any nested submodules inside those submodules (and so on).
@@ -380,6 +395,17 @@ for linkgit:git-clone[1]'s `--reference` and `--shared` options carefully.
 	clone with a history truncated to the specified number of revisions.
 	See linkgit:git-clone[1]
 
+--[no-]recommend-shallow::
+	This option is only valid for the update command.
+	The initial clone of a submodule will use the recommended
+	`submodule.<name>.shallow` as provided by the `.gitmodules` file
+	by default. To ignore the suggestions use `--no-recommend-shallow`.
+
+-j <n>::
+--jobs <n>::
+	This option is only valid for the update command.
+	Clone new submodules in parallel with as many jobs.
+	Defaults to the `submodule.fetchJobs` option.
 
 <path>...::
 	Paths to submodule(s). When specified this will restrict the command
@@ -388,12 +414,16 @@ for linkgit:git-clone[1]'s `--reference` and `--shared` options carefully.
 
 FILES
 -----
-When initializing submodules, a .gitmodules file in the top-level directory
+When initializing submodules, a `.gitmodules` file in the top-level directory
 of the containing repository is used to find the url of each submodule.
 This file should be formatted in the same way as `$GIT_DIR/config`. The key
 to each submodule url is "submodule.$name.url".  See linkgit:gitmodules[5]
 for details.
 
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:gitsubmodules[7], linkgit:gitmodules[5].
+
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-svn.txt b/Documentation/git-svn.txt
index 39e9a181cc..b99029520d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-svn.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-svn.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-svn - Bidirectional operation between a Subversion repository and Git
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git svn' <command> [options] [arguments]
+'git svn' <command> [<options>] [<arguments>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ COMMANDS
 --username=<user>;;
 	For transports that SVN handles authentication for (http,
 	https, and plain svn), specify the username.  For other
-	transports (e.g. svn+ssh://), you must include the username in
-	the URL, e.g. svn+ssh://foo@svn.bar.com/project
+	transports (e.g. `svn+ssh://`), you must include the username in
+	the URL, e.g. `svn+ssh://foo@svn.bar.com/project`
 --prefix=<prefix>;;
 	This allows one to specify a prefix which is prepended
 	to the names of remotes if trunk/branches/tags are
@@ -95,14 +95,18 @@ If you still want the old default, you can get it by passing
 `--prefix ""` on the command line (`--prefix=""` may not work if
 your Perl's Getopt::Long is < v2.37).
 
+--ignore-refs=<regex>;;
+	When passed to 'init' or 'clone' this regular expression will
+	be preserved as a config key.  See 'fetch' for a description
+	of `--ignore-refs`.
 --ignore-paths=<regex>;;
 	When passed to 'init' or 'clone' this regular expression will
 	be preserved as a config key.  See 'fetch' for a description
-	of '--ignore-paths'.
+	of `--ignore-paths`.
 --include-paths=<regex>;;
 	When passed to 'init' or 'clone' this regular expression will
 	be preserved as a config key.  See 'fetch' for a description
-	of '--include-paths'.
+	of `--include-paths`.
 --no-minimize-url;;
 	When tracking multiple directories (using --stdlayout,
 	--branches, or --tags options), git svn will attempt to connect
@@ -110,7 +114,7 @@ your Perl's Getopt::Long is < v2.37).
 	repository.  This default allows better tracking of history if
 	entire projects are moved within a repository, but may cause
 	issues on repositories where read access restrictions are in
-	place.  Passing '--no-minimize-url' will allow git svn to
+	place.  Passing `--no-minimize-url` will allow git svn to
 	accept URLs as-is without attempting to connect to a higher
 	level directory.  This option is off by default when only
 	one URL/branch is tracked (it would do little good).
@@ -138,10 +142,22 @@ the same local time zone.
 --parent;;
 	Fetch only from the SVN parent of the current HEAD.
 
+--ignore-refs=<regex>;;
+	Ignore refs for branches or tags matching the Perl regular
+	expression. A "negative look-ahead assertion" like
+	`^refs/remotes/origin/(?!tags/wanted-tag|wanted-branch).*$`
+	can be used to allow only certain refs.
++
+[verse]
+config key: svn-remote.<name>.ignore-refs
++
+If the ignore-refs configuration key is set, and the command-line
+option is also given, both regular expressions will be used.
+
 --ignore-paths=<regex>;;
 	This allows one to specify a Perl regular expression that will
 	cause skipping of all matching paths from checkout from SVN.
-	The '--ignore-paths' option should match for every 'fetch'
+	The `--ignore-paths` option should match for every 'fetch'
 	(including automatic fetches due to 'clone', 'dcommit',
 	'rebase', etc) on a given repository.
 +
@@ -170,10 +186,13 @@ Skip "branches" and "tags" of first level directories;;
 --include-paths=<regex>;;
 	This allows one to specify a Perl regular expression that will
 	cause the inclusion of only matching paths from checkout from SVN.
-	The '--include-paths' option should match for every 'fetch'
+	The `--include-paths` option should match for every 'fetch'
 	(including automatic fetches due to 'clone', 'dcommit',
-	'rebase', etc) on a given repository. '--ignore-paths' takes
-	precedence over '--include-paths'.
+	'rebase', etc) on a given repository. `--ignore-paths` takes
+	precedence over `--include-paths`.
++
+[verse]
+config key: svn-remote.<name>.include-paths
 
 --log-window-size=<n>;;
 	Fetch <n> log entries per request when scanning Subversion history.
@@ -188,7 +207,7 @@ Skip "branches" and "tags" of first level directories;;
 	or if a second argument is passed; it will create a directory
 	and work within that.  It accepts all arguments that the
 	'init' and 'fetch' commands accept; with the exception of
-	'--fetch-all' and '--parent'.  After a repository is cloned,
+	`--fetch-all` and `--parent`.  After a repository is cloned,
 	the 'fetch' command will be able to update revisions without
 	affecting the working tree; and the 'rebase' command will be
 	able to update the working tree with the latest changes.
@@ -213,7 +232,7 @@ it preserves linear history with 'git rebase' instead of
 'git merge' for ease of dcommitting with 'git svn'.
 +
 This accepts all options that 'git svn fetch' and 'git rebase'
-accept.  However, '--fetch-all' only fetches from the current
+accept.  However, `--fetch-all` only fetches from the current
 [svn-remote], and not all [svn-remote] definitions.
 +
 Like 'git rebase'; this requires that the working tree be clean
@@ -279,9 +298,9 @@ first have already been pushed into SVN.
 	Ask the user to confirm that a patch set should actually be sent to SVN.
 	For each patch, one may answer "yes" (accept this patch), "no" (discard this
 	patch), "all" (accept all patches), or "quit".
-	+
-	'git svn dcommit' returns immediately if answer is "no" or "quit", without
-	committing anything to SVN.
++
+'git svn dcommit' returns immediately if answer is "no" or "quit", without
+committing anything to SVN.
 
 'branch'::
 	Create a branch in the SVN repository.
@@ -405,7 +424,7 @@ Any other arguments are passed directly to 'git log'
 'set-tree'::
 	You should consider using 'dcommit' instead of this command.
 	Commit specified commit or tree objects to SVN.  This relies on
-	your imported fetch data being up-to-date.  This makes
+	your imported fetch data being up to date.  This makes
 	absolutely no attempts to do patching when committing to SVN, it
 	simply overwrites files with those specified in the tree or
 	commit.  All merging is assumed to have taken place
@@ -433,13 +452,28 @@ Any other arguments are passed directly to 'git log'
 
 'commit-diff'::
 	Commits the diff of two tree-ish arguments from the
-	command-line.  This command does not rely on being inside an `git svn
+	command-line.  This command does not rely on being inside a `git svn
 	init`-ed repository.  This command takes three arguments, (a) the
 	original tree to diff against, (b) the new tree result, (c) the
 	URL of the target Subversion repository.  The final argument
 	(URL) may be omitted if you are working from a 'git svn'-aware
 	repository (that has been `init`-ed with 'git svn').
 	The -r<revision> option is required for this.
++
+The commit message is supplied either directly with the `-m` or `-F`
+option, or indirectly from the tag or commit when the second tree-ish
+denotes such an object, or it is requested by invoking an editor (see
+`--edit` option below).
+
+-m <msg>;;
+--message=<msg>;;
+	Use the given `msg` as the commit message. This option
+	disables the `--edit` option.
+
+-F <filename>;;
+--file=<filename>;;
+	Take the commit message from the given file. This option
+	disables the `--edit` option.
 
 'info'::
 	Shows information about a file or directory similar to what
@@ -456,6 +490,20 @@ Any other arguments are passed directly to 'git log'
 	Gets the Subversion property given as the first argument, for a
 	file.  A specific revision can be specified with -r/--revision.
 
+'propset'::
+	Sets the Subversion property given as the first argument, to the
+	value given as the second argument for the file given as the
+	third argument.
++
+Example:
++
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+git svn propset svn:keywords "FreeBSD=%H" devel/py-tipper/Makefile
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
++
+This will set the property 'svn:keywords' to 'FreeBSD=%H' for the file
+'devel/py-tipper/Makefile'.
+
 'show-externals'::
 	Shows the Subversion externals.  Use -r/--revision to specify a
 	specific revision.
@@ -587,7 +635,8 @@ config key: svn.findcopiesharder
 
 -A<filename>::
 --authors-file=<filename>::
-	Syntax is compatible with the file used by 'git cvsimport':
+	Syntax is compatible with the file used by 'git cvsimport' but
+	an empty email address can be supplied with '<>':
 +
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 	loginname = Joe User <user@example.com>
@@ -606,8 +655,17 @@ config key: svn.authorsfile
 	If this option is specified, for each SVN committer name that
 	does not exist in the authors file, the given file is executed
 	with the committer name as the first argument.  The program is
-	expected to return a single line of the form "Name <email>",
-	which will be treated as if included in the authors file.
+	expected to return a single line of the form "Name <email>" or
+	"Name <>", which will be treated as if included in the authors
+	file.
++
+Due to historical reasons a relative 'filename' is first searched
+relative to the current directory for 'init' and 'clone' and relative
+to the root of the working tree for 'fetch'. If 'filename' is
+not found, it is searched like any other command in '$PATH'.
++
+[verse]
+config key: svn.authorsProg
 
 -q::
 --quiet::
@@ -644,13 +702,19 @@ creating the branch or tag.
 	When retrieving svn commits into Git (as part of 'fetch', 'rebase', or
 	'dcommit' operations), look for the first `From:` or `Signed-off-by:` line
 	in the log message and use that as the author string.
++
+[verse]
+config key: svn.useLogAuthor
+
 --add-author-from::
-	When committing to svn from Git (as part of 'commit-diff', 'set-tree' or 'dcommit'
+	When committing to svn from Git (as part of 'set-tree' or 'dcommit'
 	operations), if the existing log message doesn't already have a
 	`From:` or `Signed-off-by:` line, append a `From:` line based on the
 	Git commit's author string.  If you use this, then `--use-log-author`
 	will retrieve a valid author string for all commits.
-
++
+[verse]
+config key: svn.addAuthorFrom
 
 ADVANCED OPTIONS
 ----------------
@@ -745,7 +809,7 @@ svn-remote.<name>.rewriteUUID::
 
 svn-remote.<name>.pushurl::
 
-	Similar to Git's 'remote.<name>.pushurl', this key is designed
+	Similar to Git's `remote.<name>.pushurl`, this key is designed
 	to be used in cases where 'url' points to an SVN repository
 	via a read-only transport, to provide an alternate read/write
 	transport. It is assumed that both keys point to the same
@@ -902,7 +966,7 @@ parent of the branch. However, it is possible that there is no suitable
 Git commit to serve as parent.  This will happen, among other reasons,
 if the SVN branch is a copy of a revision that was not fetched by 'git
 svn' (e.g. because it is an old revision that was skipped with
-'--revision'), or if in SVN a directory was copied that is not tracked
+`--revision`), or if in SVN a directory was copied that is not tracked
 by 'git svn' (such as a branch that is not tracked at all, or a
 subdirectory of a tracked branch). In these cases, 'git svn' will still
 create a Git branch, but instead of using an existing Git commit as the
@@ -979,12 +1043,12 @@ directories in the working copy.  While this is the easiest way to get a
 copy of a complete repository, for projects with many branches it will
 lead to a working copy many times larger than just the trunk. Thus for
 projects using the standard directory structure (trunk/branches/tags),
-it is recommended to clone with option '--stdlayout'. If the project
+it is recommended to clone with option `--stdlayout`. If the project
 uses a non-standard structure, and/or if branches and tags are not
 required, it is easiest to only clone one directory (typically trunk),
 without giving any repository layout options.  If the full history with
-branches and tags is required, the options '--trunk' / '--branches' /
-'--tags' must be used.
+branches and tags is required, the options `--trunk` / `--branches` /
+`--tags` must be used.
 
 When using multiple --branches or --tags, 'git svn' does not automatically
 handle name collisions (for example, if two branches from different paths have
@@ -1031,6 +1095,8 @@ listed below are allowed:
 	url = http://server.org/svn
 	fetch = trunk/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/trunk
 	branches = branches/*/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/branches/*
+	branches = branches/release_*:refs/remotes/project-a/branches/release_*
+	branches = branches/re*se:refs/remotes/project-a/branches/*
 	tags = tags/*/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/tags/*
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -1041,6 +1107,16 @@ independent path component (surrounded by '/' or EOL).   This
 type of configuration is not automatically created by 'init' and
 should be manually entered with a text-editor or using 'git config'.
 
+Also note that only one asterisk is allowed per word. For example:
+
+	branches = branches/re*se:refs/remotes/project-a/branches/*
+
+will match branches 'release', 'rese', 're123se', however
+
+	branches = branches/re*s*e:refs/remotes/project-a/branches/*
+
+will produce an error.
+
 It is also possible to fetch a subset of branches or tags by using a
 comma-separated list of names within braces. For example:
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
index e953ba4439..92f9c12b87 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-tag.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
@@ -9,13 +9,14 @@ git-tag - Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git tag' [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>]
+'git tag' [-a | -s | -u <keyid>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>] [-e]
 	<tagname> [<commit> | <object>]
 'git tag' -d <tagname>...
-'git tag' [-n[<num>]] -l [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>]
-	[--column[=<options>] | --no-column] [<pattern>...]
-	[<pattern>...]
-'git tag' -v <tagname>...
+'git tag' [-n[<num>]] -l [--contains <commit>] [--no-contains <commit>]
+	[--points-at <object>] [--column[=<options>] | --no-column]
+	[--create-reflog] [--sort=<key>] [--format=<format>]
+	[--[no-]merged [<commit>]] [<pattern>...]
+'git tag' -v [--format=<format>] <tagname>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -25,19 +26,19 @@ to delete, list or verify tags.
 
 Unless `-f` is given, the named tag must not yet exist.
 
-If one of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <key-id>` is passed, the command
+If one of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <keyid>` is passed, the command
 creates a 'tag' object, and requires a tag message.  Unless
 `-m <msg>` or `-F <file>` is given, an editor is started for the user to type
 in the tag message.
 
-If `-m <msg>` or `-F <file>` is given and `-a`, `-s`, and `-u <key-id>`
+If `-m <msg>` or `-F <file>` is given and `-a`, `-s`, and `-u <keyid>`
 are absent, `-a` is implied.
 
-Otherwise just a tag reference for the SHA-1 object name of the commit object is
-created (i.e. a lightweight tag).
+Otherwise, a tag reference that points directly at the given object
+(i.e., a lightweight tag) is created.
 
 A GnuPG signed tag object will be created when `-s` or `-u
-<key-id>` is used.  When `-u <key-id>` is not used, the
+<keyid>` is used.  When `-u <keyid>` is not used, the
 committer identity for the current user is used to find the
 GnuPG key for signing. 	The configuration variable `gpg.program`
 is used to specify custom GnuPG binary.
@@ -64,8 +65,8 @@ OPTIONS
 --sign::
 	Make a GPG-signed tag, using the default e-mail address's key.
 
--u <key-id>::
---local-user=<key-id>::
+-u <keyid>::
+--local-user=<keyid>::
 	Make a GPG-signed tag, using the given key.
 
 -f::
@@ -78,30 +79,50 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -v::
 --verify::
-	Verify the gpg signature of the given tag names.
+	Verify the GPG signature of the given tag names.
 
 -n<num>::
 	<num> specifies how many lines from the annotation, if any,
-	are printed when using -l.
-	The default is not to print any annotation lines.
-	If no number is given to `-n`, only the first line is printed.
-	If the tag is not annotated, the commit message is displayed instead.
-
--l <pattern>::
---list <pattern>::
-	List tags with names that match the given pattern (or all if no
-	pattern is given).  Running "git tag" without arguments also
-	lists all tags. The pattern is a shell wildcard (i.e., matched
-	using fnmatch(3)).  Multiple patterns may be given; if any of
-	them matches, the tag is shown.
-
---sort=<type>::
-	Sort in a specific order. Supported type is "refname"
-	(lexicographic order), "version:refname" or "v:refname" (tag
-	names are treated as versions). Prepend "-" to reverse sort
-	order. When this option is not given, the sort order defaults to the
-	value configured for the 'tag.sort' variable if it exists, or
-	lexicographic order otherwise. See linkgit:git-config[1].
+	are printed when using -l. Implies `--list`.
++
+The default is not to print any annotation lines.
+If no number is given to `-n`, only the first line is printed.
+If the tag is not annotated, the commit message is displayed instead.
+
+-l::
+--list::
+	List tags. With optional `<pattern>...`, e.g. `git tag --list
+	'v-*'`, list only the tags that match the pattern(s).
++
+Running "git tag" without arguments also lists all tags. The pattern
+is a shell wildcard (i.e., matched using fnmatch(3)). Multiple
+patterns may be given; if any of them matches, the tag is shown.
++
+This option is implicitly supplied if any other list-like option such
+as `--contains` is provided. See the documentation for each of those
+options for details.
+
+--sort=<key>::
+	Sort based on the key given.  Prefix `-` to sort in
+	descending order of the value. You may use the --sort=<key> option
+	multiple times, in which case the last key becomes the primary
+	key. Also supports "version:refname" or "v:refname" (tag
+	names are treated as versions). The "version:refname" sort
+	order can also be affected by the "versionsort.suffix"
+	configuration variable.
+	The keys supported are the same as those in `git for-each-ref`.
+	Sort order defaults to the value configured for the `tag.sort`
+	variable if it exists, or lexicographic order otherwise. See
+	linkgit:git-config[1].
+
+--color[=<when>]::
+	Respect any colors specified in the `--format` option. The
+	`<when>` field must be one of `always`, `never`, or `auto` (if
+	`<when>` is absent, behave as if `always` was given).
+
+-i::
+--ignore-case::
+	Sorting and filtering tags are case insensitive.
 
 --column[=<options>]::
 --no-column::
@@ -113,26 +134,45 @@ This option is only applicable when listing tags without annotation lines.
 
 --contains [<commit>]::
 	Only list tags which contain the specified commit (HEAD if not
-	specified).
+	specified). Implies `--list`.
+
+--no-contains [<commit>]::
+	Only list tags which don't contain the specified commit (HEAD if
+	not specified). Implies `--list`.
+
+--merged [<commit>]::
+	Only list tags whose commits are reachable from the specified
+	commit (`HEAD` if not specified), incompatible with `--no-merged`.
+
+--no-merged [<commit>]::
+	Only list tags whose commits are not reachable from the specified
+	commit (`HEAD` if not specified), incompatible with `--merged`.
 
 --points-at <object>::
-	Only list tags of the given object.
+	Only list tags of the given object (HEAD if not
+	specified). Implies `--list`.
 
 -m <msg>::
 --message=<msg>::
 	Use the given tag message (instead of prompting).
 	If multiple `-m` options are given, their values are
 	concatenated as separate paragraphs.
-	Implies `-a` if none of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <key-id>`
+	Implies `-a` if none of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <keyid>`
 	is given.
 
 -F <file>::
 --file=<file>::
 	Take the tag message from the given file.  Use '-' to
 	read the message from the standard input.
-	Implies `-a` if none of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <key-id>`
+	Implies `-a` if none of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <keyid>`
 	is given.
 
+-e::
+--edit::
+	The message taken from file with `-F` and command line with
+	`-m` are usually used as the tag message unmodified.
+	This option lets you further edit the message taken from these sources.
+
 --cleanup=<mode>::
 	This option sets how the tag message is cleaned up.
 	The  '<mode>' can be one of 'verbatim', 'whitespace' and 'strip'.  The
@@ -140,6 +180,13 @@ This option is only applicable when listing tags without annotation lines.
 	all, 'whitespace' removes just leading/trailing whitespace lines and
 	'strip' removes both whitespace and commentary.
 
+--create-reflog::
+	Create a reflog for the tag. To globally enable reflogs for tags, see
+	`core.logAllRefUpdates` in linkgit:git-config[1].
+	The negated form `--no-create-reflog` only overrides an earlier
+	`--create-reflog`, but currently does not negate the setting of
+	`core.logAllRefUpdates`.
+
 <tagname>::
 	The name of the tag to create, delete, or describe.
 	The new tag name must pass all checks defined by
@@ -151,19 +198,27 @@ This option is only applicable when listing tags without annotation lines.
 	The object that the new tag will refer to, usually a commit.
 	Defaults to HEAD.
 
+<format>::
+	A string that interpolates `%(fieldname)` from a tag ref being shown
+	and the object it points at.  The format is the same as
+	that of linkgit:git-for-each-ref[1].  When unspecified,
+	defaults to `%(refname:strip=2)`.
 
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 By default, 'git tag' in sign-with-default mode (-s) will use your
-committer identity (of the form "Your Name <\your@email.address>") to
+committer identity (of the form `Your Name <your@email.address>`) to
 find a key.  If you want to use a different default key, you can specify
 it in the repository configuration as follows:
 
 -------------------------------------
 [user]
-    signingkey = <gpg-key-id>
+    signingKey = <gpg-keyid>
 -------------------------------------
 
+`pager.tag` is only respected when listing tags, i.e., when `-l` is
+used or implied. The default is to use a pager.
+See linkgit:git-config[1].
 
 DISCUSSION
 ----------
@@ -235,9 +290,8 @@ On Automatic following
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 If you are following somebody else's tree, you are most likely
-using remote-tracking branches (`refs/heads/origin` in traditional
-layout, or `refs/remotes/origin/master` in the separate-remote
-layout).  You usually want the tags from the other end.
+using remote-tracking branches (eg. `refs/remotes/origin/master`).
+You usually want the tags from the other end.
 
 On the other hand, if you are fetching because you would want a
 one-shot merge from somebody else, you typically do not want to
diff --git a/Documentation/git-tools.txt b/Documentation/git-tools.txt
index 78a0d955ec..d0fec4cddd 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-tools.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-tools.txt
@@ -1,118 +1,10 @@
-A short Git tools survey
-========================
+Git Tools
+=========
 
+When Git was young, people looking for third-party Git-related tools came
+to the Git project itself to find them, thus a list of such tools was
+maintained here. These days, however, search engines fill that role much
+more efficiently, so this manually-maintained list has been retired.
 
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Apart from Git contrib/ area there are some others third-party tools
-you may want to look.
-
-This document presents a brief summary of each tool and the corresponding
-link.
-
-
-Alternative/Augmentative Porcelains
------------------------------------
-
-   - *Cogito* (http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/cogito/)
-
-   Cogito is a version control system layered on top of the Git tree history
-   storage system. It aims at seamless user interface and ease of use,
-   providing generally smoother user experience than the "raw" Core Git
-   itself and indeed many other version control systems.
-
-   Cogito is no longer maintained as most of its functionality
-   is now in core Git.
-
-
-   - *pg* (http://www.spearce.org/category/projects/scm/pg/)
-
-   pg is a shell script wrapper around Git to help the user manage a set of
-   patches to files. pg is somewhat like quilt or StGit, but it does have a
-   slightly different feature set.
-
-
-   - *StGit* (http://www.procode.org/stgit/)
-
-   Stacked Git provides a quilt-like patch management functionality in the
-   Git environment. You can easily manage your patches in the scope of Git
-   until they get merged upstream.
-
-
-History Viewers
----------------
-
-   - *gitk* (shipped with git-core)
-
-   gitk is a simple Tk GUI for browsing history of Git repositories easily.
-
-
-   - *gitview*  (contrib/)
-
-   gitview is a GTK based repository browser for Git
-
-
-   - *gitweb* (shipped with git-core)
-
-   Gitweb provides full-fledged web interface for Git repositories.
-
-
-   - *qgit* (http://digilander.libero.it/mcostalba/)
-
-   QGit is a git/StGit GUI viewer built on Qt/C++. QGit could be used
-   to browse history and directory tree, view annotated files, commit
-   changes cherry picking single files or applying patches.
-   Currently it is the fastest and most feature rich among the Git
-   viewers and commit tools.
-
-   - *tig* (http://jonas.nitro.dk/tig/)
-
-   tig by Jonas Fonseca is a simple Git repository browser
-   written using ncurses. Basically, it just acts as a front-end
-   for git-log and git-show/git-diff. Additionally, you can also
-   use it as a pager for Git commands.
-
-
-Foreign SCM interface
----------------------
-
-   - *git-svn* (shipped with git-core)
-
-   git-svn is a simple conduit for changesets between a single Subversion
-   branch and Git.
-
-
-   - *quilt2git / git2quilt* (http://home-tj.org/wiki/index.php/Misc)
-
-   These utilities convert patch series in a quilt repository and commit
-   series in Git back and forth.
-
-
-   - *hg-to-git* (contrib/)
-
-   hg-to-git converts a Mercurial repository into a Git one, and
-   preserves the full branch history in the process. hg-to-git can
-   also be used in an incremental way to keep the Git repository
-   in sync with the master Mercurial repository.
-
-
-Others
-------
-
-   - *(h)gct* (http://www.cyd.liu.se/users/~freku045/gct/)
-
-   Commit Tool or (h)gct is a GUI enabled commit tool for Git and
-   Mercurial (hg). It allows the user to view diffs, select which files
-   to committed (or ignored / reverted) write commit messages and
-   perform the commit itself.
-
-   - *git.el* (contrib/)
-
-   This is an Emacs interface for Git. The user interface is modelled on
-   pcl-cvs. It has been developed on Emacs 21 and will probably need some
-   tweaking to work on XEmacs.
-
-
-http://git.or.cz/gitwiki/InterfacesFrontendsAndTools has more
-comprehensive list.
+See also the `contrib/` area, and the Git wiki:
+https://git.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/InterfacesFrontendsAndTools
diff --git a/Documentation/git-unpack-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-unpack-objects.txt
index 12cb108b85..b3de50d710 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-unpack-objects.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-unpack-objects.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-unpack-objects - Unpack objects from a packed archive
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git unpack-objects' [-n] [-q] [-r] [--strict] < <pack-file>
+'git unpack-objects' [-n] [-q] [-r] [--strict]
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ the objects contained within and writing them into the repository in
 "loose" (one object per file) format.
 
 Objects that already exist in the repository will *not* be unpacked
-from the pack-file.  Therefore, nothing will be unpacked if you use
-this command on a pack-file that exists within the target repository.
+from the packfile.  Therefore, nothing will be unpacked if you use
+this command on a packfile that exists within the target repository.
 
 See linkgit:git-repack[1] for options to generate
 new packs and replace existing ones.
@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@ OPTIONS
 --strict::
 	Don't write objects with broken content or links.
 
+--max-input-size=<size>::
+	Die, if the pack is larger than <size>.
+
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
index aff01798cd..1c4d146a41 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
@@ -16,7 +16,11 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	     [--chmod=(+|-)x]
 	     [--[no-]assume-unchanged]
 	     [--[no-]skip-worktree]
+	     [--[no-]fsmonitor-valid]
 	     [--ignore-submodules]
+	     [--[no-]split-index]
+	     [--[no-|test-|force-]untracked-cache]
+	     [--[no-]fsmonitor]
 	     [--really-refresh] [--unresolve] [--again | -g]
 	     [--info-only] [--index-info]
 	     [-z] [--stdin] [--index-version <n>]
@@ -100,7 +104,7 @@ thus, in case the assumed-untracked file is changed upstream,
 you will need to handle the situation manually.
 
 --really-refresh::
-	Like '--refresh', but checks stat information unconditionally,
+	Like `--refresh`, but checks stat information unconditionally,
 	without regard to the "assume unchanged" setting.
 
 --[no-]skip-worktree::
@@ -109,6 +113,12 @@ you will need to handle the situation manually.
 	set and unset the "skip-worktree" bit for the paths. See
 	section "Skip-worktree bit" below for more information.
 
+--[no-]fsmonitor-valid::
+	When one of these flags is specified, the object name recorded
+	for the paths are not updated. Instead, these options
+	set and unset the "fsmonitor valid" bit for the paths. See
+	section "File System Monitor" below for more information.
+
 -g::
 --again::
 	Runs 'git update-index' itself on the paths whose index
@@ -151,7 +161,7 @@ you will need to handle the situation manually.
 +
 Version 4 performs a simple pathname compression that reduces index
 size by 30%-50% on large repositories, which results in faster load
-time. Version 4 is relatively young (first released in in 1.8.0 in
+time. Version 4 is relatively young (first released in 1.8.0 in
 October 2012). Other Git implementations such as JGit and libgit2
 may not support it yet.
 
@@ -161,14 +171,52 @@ may not support it yet.
 
 --split-index::
 --no-split-index::
-	Enable or disable split index mode. If enabled, the index is
-	split into two files, $GIT_DIR/index and $GIT_DIR/sharedindex.<SHA-1>.
-	Changes are accumulated in $GIT_DIR/index while the shared
-	index file contains all index entries stays unchanged. If
-	split-index mode is already enabled and `--split-index` is
-	given again, all changes in $GIT_DIR/index are pushed back to
-	the shared index file. This mode is designed for very large
-	indexes that take a significant amount of time to read or write.
+	Enable or disable split index mode. If split-index mode is
+	already enabled and `--split-index` is given again, all
+	changes in $GIT_DIR/index are pushed back to the shared index
+	file.
++
+These options take effect whatever the value of the `core.splitIndex`
+configuration variable (see linkgit:git-config[1]). But a warning is
+emitted when the change goes against the configured value, as the
+configured value will take effect next time the index is read and this
+will remove the intended effect of the option.
+
+--untracked-cache::
+--no-untracked-cache::
+	Enable or disable untracked cache feature. Please use
+	`--test-untracked-cache` before enabling it.
++
+These options take effect whatever the value of the `core.untrackedCache`
+configuration variable (see linkgit:git-config[1]). But a warning is
+emitted when the change goes against the configured value, as the
+configured value will take effect next time the index is read and this
+will remove the intended effect of the option.
+
+--test-untracked-cache::
+	Only perform tests on the working directory to make sure
+	untracked cache can be used. You have to manually enable
+	untracked cache using `--untracked-cache` or
+	`--force-untracked-cache` or the `core.untrackedCache`
+	configuration variable afterwards if you really want to use
+	it. If a test fails the exit code is 1 and a message
+	explains what is not working as needed, otherwise the exit
+	code is 0 and OK is printed.
+
+--force-untracked-cache::
+	Same as `--untracked-cache`. Provided for backwards
+	compatibility with older versions of Git where
+	`--untracked-cache` used to imply `--test-untracked-cache` but
+	this option would enable the extension unconditionally.
+
+--fsmonitor::
+--no-fsmonitor::
+	Enable or disable files system monitor feature. These options
+	take effect whatever the value of the `core.fsmonitor`
+	configuration variable (see linkgit:git-config[1]). But a warning
+	is emitted when the change goes against the configured value, as
+	the configured value will take effect next time the index is
+	read and this will remove the intended effect of the option.
 
 \--::
 	Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
@@ -180,10 +228,10 @@ may not support it yet.
 	cleaner names.
 	The same applies to directories ending '/' and paths with '//'
 
-Using --refresh
+USING --REFRESH
 ---------------
-'--refresh' does not calculate a new sha1 file or bring the index
-up-to-date for mode/content changes. But what it *does* do is to
+`--refresh` does not calculate a new sha1 file or bring the index
+up to date for mode/content changes. But what it *does* do is to
 "re-match" the stat information of a file with the index, so that you
 can refresh the index for a file that hasn't been changed but where
 the stat entry is out of date.
@@ -191,52 +239,49 @@ the stat entry is out of date.
 For example, you'd want to do this after doing a 'git read-tree', to link
 up the stat index details with the proper files.
 
-Using --cacheinfo or --info-only
+USING --CACHEINFO OR --INFO-ONLY
 --------------------------------
-'--cacheinfo' is used to register a file that is not in the
+`--cacheinfo` is used to register a file that is not in the
 current working directory.  This is useful for minimum-checkout
 merging.
 
-To pretend you have a file with mode and sha1 at path, say:
+To pretend you have a file at path with mode and sha1, say:
 
 ----------------
-$ git update-index --cacheinfo <mode>,<sha1>,<path>
+$ git update-index --add --cacheinfo <mode>,<sha1>,<path>
 ----------------
 
-'--info-only' is used to register files without placing them in the object
+`--info-only` is used to register files without placing them in the object
 database.  This is useful for status-only repositories.
 
-Both '--cacheinfo' and '--info-only' behave similarly: the index is updated
-but the object database isn't.  '--cacheinfo' is useful when the object is
-in the database but the file isn't available locally.  '--info-only' is
+Both `--cacheinfo` and `--info-only` behave similarly: the index is updated
+but the object database isn't.  `--cacheinfo` is useful when the object is
+in the database but the file isn't available locally.  `--info-only` is
 useful when the file is available, but you do not wish to update the
 object database.
 
 
-Using --index-info
+USING --INDEX-INFO
 ------------------
 
 `--index-info` is a more powerful mechanism that lets you feed
 multiple entry definitions from the standard input, and designed
 specifically for scripts.  It can take inputs of three formats:
 
-    . mode         SP sha1          TAB path
-+
-The first format is what "git-apply --index-info"
-reports, and used to reconstruct a partial tree
-that is used for phony merge base tree when falling
-back on 3-way merge.
-
     . mode SP type SP sha1          TAB path
 +
-The second format is to stuff 'git ls-tree' output
-into the index file.
+This format is to stuff `git ls-tree` output into the index.
 
     . mode         SP sha1 SP stage TAB path
 +
 This format is to put higher order stages into the
 index file and matches 'git ls-files --stage' output.
 
+    . mode         SP sha1          TAB path
++
+This format is no longer produced by any Git command, but is
+and will continue to be supported by `update-index --index-info`.
+
 To place a higher stage entry to the index, the path should
 first be removed by feeding a mode=0 entry for the path, and
 then feeding necessary input lines in the third format.
@@ -269,7 +314,7 @@ $ git ls-files -s
 ------------
 
 
-Using ``assume unchanged'' bit
+USING ``ASSUME UNCHANGED'' BIT
 ------------------------------
 
 Many operations in Git depend on your filesystem to have an
@@ -302,7 +347,7 @@ the index (use `git update-index --really-refresh` if you want
 to mark them as "assume unchanged").
 
 
-Examples
+EXAMPLES
 --------
 To update and refresh only the files already checked out:
 
@@ -339,7 +384,7 @@ M foo.c
 <9> now it checks with lstat(2) and finds it has been changed.
 
 
-Skip-worktree bit
+SKIP-WORKTREE BIT
 -----------------
 
 Skip-worktree bit can be defined in one (long) sentence: When reading
@@ -359,8 +404,118 @@ Although this bit looks similar to assume-unchanged bit, its goal is
 different from assume-unchanged bit's. Skip-worktree also takes
 precedence over assume-unchanged bit when both are set.
 
+SPLIT INDEX
+-----------
+
+This mode is designed for repositories with very large indexes, and
+aims at reducing the time it takes to repeatedly write these indexes.
+
+In this mode, the index is split into two files, $GIT_DIR/index and
+$GIT_DIR/sharedindex.<SHA-1>. Changes are accumulated in
+$GIT_DIR/index, the split index, while the shared index file contains
+all index entries and stays unchanged.
+
+All changes in the split index are pushed back to the shared index
+file when the number of entries in the split index reaches a level
+specified by the splitIndex.maxPercentChange config variable (see
+linkgit:git-config[1]).
+
+Each time a new shared index file is created, the old shared index
+files are deleted if their modification time is older than what is
+specified by the splitIndex.sharedIndexExpire config variable (see
+linkgit:git-config[1]).
+
+To avoid deleting a shared index file that is still used, its
+modification time is updated to the current time everytime a new split
+index based on the shared index file is either created or read from.
+
+UNTRACKED CACHE
+---------------
+
+This cache is meant to speed up commands that involve determining
+untracked files such as `git status`.
+
+This feature works by recording the mtime of the working tree
+directories and then omitting reading directories and stat calls
+against files in those directories whose mtime hasn't changed. For
+this to work the underlying operating system and file system must
+change the `st_mtime` field of directories if files in the directory
+are added, modified or deleted.
+
+You can test whether the filesystem supports that with the
+`--test-untracked-cache` option. The `--untracked-cache` option used
+to implicitly perform that test in older versions of Git, but that's
+no longer the case.
+
+If you want to enable (or disable) this feature, it is easier to use
+the `core.untrackedCache` configuration variable (see
+linkgit:git-config[1]) than using the `--untracked-cache` option to
+`git update-index` in each repository, especially if you want to do so
+across all repositories you use, because you can set the configuration
+variable to `true` (or `false`) in your `$HOME/.gitconfig` just once
+and have it affect all repositories you touch.
+
+When the `core.untrackedCache` configuration variable is changed, the
+untracked cache is added to or removed from the index the next time a
+command reads the index; while when `--[no-|force-]untracked-cache`
+are used, the untracked cache is immediately added to or removed from
+the index.
+
+Before 2.17, the untracked cache had a bug where replacing a directory
+with a symlink to another directory could cause it to incorrectly show
+files tracked by git as untracked. See the "status: add a failing test
+showing a core.untrackedCache bug" commit to git.git. A workaround for
+that is (and this might work for other undiscovered bugs in the
+future):
+
+----------------
+$ git -c core.untrackedCache=false status
+----------------
 
-Configuration
+This bug has also been shown to affect non-symlink cases of replacing
+a directory with a file when it comes to the internal structures of
+the untracked cache, but no case has been reported where this resulted in
+wrong "git status" output.
+
+There are also cases where existing indexes written by git versions
+before 2.17 will reference directories that don't exist anymore,
+potentially causing many "could not open directory" warnings to be
+printed on "git status". These are new warnings for existing issues
+that were previously silently discarded.
+
+As with the bug described above the solution is to one-off do a "git
+status" run with `core.untrackedCache=false` to flush out the leftover
+bad data.
+
+FILE SYSTEM MONITOR
+-------------------
+
+This feature is intended to speed up git operations for repos that have
+large working directories.
+
+It enables git to work together with a file system monitor (see the
+"fsmonitor-watchman" section of linkgit:githooks[5]) that can
+inform it as to what files have been modified. This enables git to avoid
+having to lstat() every file to find modified files.
+
+When used in conjunction with the untracked cache, it can further improve
+performance by avoiding the cost of scanning the entire working directory
+looking for new files.
+
+If you want to enable (or disable) this feature, it is easier to use
+the `core.fsmonitor` configuration variable (see
+linkgit:git-config[1]) than using the `--fsmonitor` option to
+`git update-index` in each repository, especially if you want to do so
+across all repositories you use, because you can set the configuration
+variable in your `$HOME/.gitconfig` just once and have it affect all
+repositories you touch.
+
+When the `core.fsmonitor` configuration variable is changed, the
+file system monitor is added to or removed from the index the next time
+a command reads the index. When `--[no-]fsmonitor` are used, the file
+system monitor is immediately added to or removed from the index.
+
+CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 
 The command honors `core.filemode` configuration variable.  If
@@ -384,6 +539,9 @@ It can be useful when the inode change time is regularly modified by
 something outside Git (file system crawlers and backup systems use
 ctime for marking files processed) (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
+The untracked cache extension can be enabled by the
+`core.untrackedCache` configuration variable (see
+linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-update-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-update-ref.txt
index c8f5ae5cb3..bc8fdfd469 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-update-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-update-ref.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-update-ref - Update the object name stored in a ref safely
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git update-ref' [-m <reason>] (-d <ref> [<oldvalue>] | [--no-deref] <ref> <newvalue> [<oldvalue>] | --stdin [-z])
+'git update-ref' [-m <reason>] (-d <ref> [<oldvalue>] | [--no-deref] [--create-reflog] <ref> <newvalue> [<oldvalue>] | --stdin [-z])
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -67,6 +67,9 @@ performs all modifications together.  Specify commands of the form:
 	verify SP <ref> [SP <oldvalue>] LF
 	option SP <opt> LF
 
+With `--create-reflog`, update-ref will create a reflog for each ref
+even if one would not ordinarily be created.
+
 Quote fields containing whitespace as if they were strings in C source
 code; i.e., surrounded by double-quotes and with backslash escapes.
 Use 40 "0" characters or the empty string to specify a zero value.  To
@@ -117,7 +120,7 @@ modifications are performed.  Note that while each individual
 <ref> is updated or deleted atomically, a concurrent reader may
 still see a subset of the modifications.
 
-Logging Updates
+LOGGING UPDATES
 ---------------
 If config parameter "core.logAllRefUpdates" is true and the ref is one under
 "refs/heads/", "refs/remotes/", "refs/notes/", or the symbolic ref HEAD; or
diff --git a/Documentation/git-upload-archive.txt b/Documentation/git-upload-archive.txt
index cbef61ba88..fba0f1c1b2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-upload-archive.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-upload-archive.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 git-upload-archive(1)
-====================
+=====================
 
 NAME
 ----
diff --git a/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt
index 0abc806ea9..822ad593af 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ git-upload-pack - Send objects packed back to git-fetch-pack
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-upload-pack' [--strict] [--timeout=<n>] <directory>
-
+'git-upload-pack' [--[no-]strict] [--timeout=<n>] [--stateless-rpc]
+		  [--advertise-refs] <directory>
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Invoked by 'git fetch-pack', learns what
@@ -25,12 +25,22 @@ repository.  For push operations, see 'git send-pack'.
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
---strict::
+--[no-]strict::
 	Do not try <directory>/.git/ if <directory> is no Git directory.
 
 --timeout=<n>::
 	Interrupt transfer after <n> seconds of inactivity.
 
+--stateless-rpc::
+	Perform only a single read-write cycle with stdin and stdout.
+	This fits with the HTTP POST request processing model where
+	a program may read the request, write a response, and must exit.
+
+--advertise-refs::
+	Only the initial ref advertisement is output, and the program exits
+	immediately. This fits with the HTTP GET request model, where
+	no request content is received but a response must be produced.
+
 <directory>::
 	The repository to sync from.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-var.txt b/Documentation/git-var.txt
index 44ff9541df..6072f936ab 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-var.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-var.txt
@@ -23,14 +23,14 @@ OPTIONS
 	as well. (However, the configuration variables listing functionality
 	is deprecated in favor of `git config -l`.)
 
-EXAMPLE
+EXAMPLES
 --------
 	$ git var GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT
 	Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@lnxi.com> 1121223278 -0600
 
 
 VARIABLES
-----------
+---------
 GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT::
     The author of a piece of code.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-verify-commit.txt b/Documentation/git-verify-commit.txt
index 9413e2802a..92097f6673 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-verify-commit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-verify-commit.txt
@@ -12,10 +12,14 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Validates the gpg signature created by 'git commit -S'.
+Validates the GPG signature created by 'git commit -S'.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
+--raw::
+	Print the raw gpg status output to standard error instead of the normal
+	human-readable output.
+
 -v::
 --verbose::
 	Print the contents of the commit object before validating it.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt
index 526ba7be9c..61ca6d04c2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ OUTPUT FORMAT
 -------------
 When specifying the -v option the format used is:
 
-	SHA-1 type size size-in-pack-file offset-in-packfile
+	SHA-1 type size size-in-packfile offset-in-packfile
 
 for objects that are not deltified in the pack, and
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-verify-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-verify-tag.txt
index f88ba96f02..0b8075dad9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-verify-tag.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-verify-tag.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-verify-tag - Check the GPG signature of tags
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git verify-tag' <tag>...
+'git verify-tag' [--format=<format>] <tag>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ Validates the gpg signature created by 'git tag'.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
+--raw::
+	Print the raw gpg status output to standard error instead of the normal
+	human-readable output.
+
 -v::
 --verbose::
 	Print the contents of the tag object before validating it.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt b/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt
index 16ede5b4c3..fd952a5ff9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-web--browse - Git helper script to launch a web browser
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git web{litdd}browse' [OPTIONS] URL/FILE ...
+'git web{litdd}browse' [<options>] <url|file>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -62,14 +62,14 @@ CONF.VAR (from -c option) and web.browser
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 The web browser can be specified using a configuration variable passed
-with the -c (or --config) command-line option, or the 'web.browser'
+with the -c (or --config) command-line option, or the `web.browser`
 configuration variable if the former is not used.
 
 browser.<tool>.path
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 You can explicitly provide a full path to your preferred browser by
-setting the configuration variable 'browser.<tool>.path'. For example,
+setting the configuration variable `browser.<tool>.path`. For example,
 you can configure the absolute path to firefox by setting
 'browser.firefox.path'. Otherwise, 'git web{litdd}browse' assumes the tool
 is available in PATH.
@@ -79,12 +79,12 @@ browser.<tool>.cmd
 
 When the browser, specified by options or configuration variables, is
 not among the supported ones, then the corresponding
-'browser.<tool>.cmd' configuration variable will be looked up. If this
+`browser.<tool>.cmd` configuration variable will be looked up. If this
 variable exists then 'git web{litdd}browse' will treat the specified tool
 as a custom command and will use a shell eval to run the command with
 the URLs passed as arguments.
 
-Note about konqueror
+NOTE ABOUT KONQUEROR
 --------------------
 
 When 'konqueror' is specified by a command-line option or a
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ Note about git-config --global
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 Note that these configuration variables should probably be set using
-the '--global' flag, for example like this:
+the `--global` flag, for example like this:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git config --global web.browser firefox
diff --git a/Documentation/git-worktree.txt b/Documentation/git-worktree.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..29a5b7e252
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-worktree.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,311 @@
+git-worktree(1)
+===============
+
+NAME
+----
+git-worktree - Manage multiple working trees
+
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git worktree add' [-f] [--detach] [--checkout] [--lock] [-b <new-branch>] <path> [<commit-ish>]
+'git worktree list' [--porcelain]
+'git worktree lock' [--reason <string>] <worktree>
+'git worktree move' <worktree> <new-path>
+'git worktree prune' [-n] [-v] [--expire <expire>]
+'git worktree remove' [-f] <worktree>
+'git worktree unlock' <worktree>
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+Manage multiple working trees attached to the same repository.
+
+A git repository can support multiple working trees, allowing you to check
+out more than one branch at a time.  With `git worktree add` a new working
+tree is associated with the repository.  This new working tree is called a
+"linked working tree" as opposed to the "main working tree" prepared by "git
+init" or "git clone".  A repository has one main working tree (if it's not a
+bare repository) and zero or more linked working trees. When you are done
+with a linked working tree, remove it with `git worktree remove`.
+
+If a working tree is deleted without using `git worktree remove`, then
+its associated administrative files, which reside in the repository
+(see "DETAILS" below), will eventually be removed automatically (see
+`gc.worktreePruneExpire` in linkgit:git-config[1]), or you can run
+`git worktree prune` in the main or any linked working tree to
+clean up any stale administrative files.
+
+If a linked working tree is stored on a portable device or network share
+which is not always mounted, you can prevent its administrative files from
+being pruned by issuing the `git worktree lock` command, optionally
+specifying `--reason` to explain why the working tree is locked.
+
+COMMANDS
+--------
+add <path> [<commit-ish>]::
+
+Create `<path>` and checkout `<commit-ish>` into it. The new working directory
+is linked to the current repository, sharing everything except working
+directory specific files such as HEAD, index, etc. `-` may also be
+specified as `<commit-ish>`; it is synonymous with `@{-1}`.
++
+If <commit-ish> is a branch name (call it `<branch>`) and is not found,
+and neither `-b` nor `-B` nor `--detach` are used, but there does
+exist a tracking branch in exactly one remote (call it `<remote>`)
+with a matching name, treat as equivalent to:
++
+------------
+$ git worktree add --track -b <branch> <path> <remote>/<branch>
+------------
++
+If the branch exists in multiple remotes and one of them is named by
+the `checkout.defaultRemote` configuration variable, we'll use that
+one for the purposes of disambiguation, even if the `<branch>` isn't
+unique across all remotes. Set it to
+e.g. `checkout.defaultRemote=origin` to always checkout remote
+branches from there if `<branch>` is ambiguous but exists on the
+'origin' remote. See also `checkout.defaultRemote` in
+linkgit:git-config[1].
++
+If `<commit-ish>` is omitted and neither `-b` nor `-B` nor `--detach` used,
+then, as a convenience, the new worktree is associated with a branch
+(call it `<branch>`) named after `$(basename <path>)`.  If `<branch>`
+doesn't exist, a new branch based on HEAD is automatically created as
+if `-b <branch>` was given.  If `<branch>` does exist, it will be
+checked out in the new worktree, if it's not checked out anywhere
+else, otherwise the command will refuse to create the worktree (unless
+`--force` is used).
+
+list::
+
+List details of each worktree.  The main worktree is listed first, followed by
+each of the linked worktrees.  The output details include if the worktree is
+bare, the revision currently checked out, and the branch currently checked out
+(or 'detached HEAD' if none).
+
+lock::
+
+If a working tree is on a portable device or network share which
+is not always mounted, lock it to prevent its administrative
+files from being pruned automatically. This also prevents it from
+being moved or deleted. Optionally, specify a reason for the lock
+with `--reason`.
+
+move::
+
+Move a working tree to a new location. Note that the main working tree
+or linked working trees containing submodules cannot be moved.
+
+prune::
+
+Prune working tree information in $GIT_DIR/worktrees.
+
+remove::
+
+Remove a working tree. Only clean working trees (no untracked files
+and no modification in tracked files) can be removed. Unclean working
+trees or ones with submodules can be removed with `--force`. The main
+working tree cannot be removed.
+
+unlock::
+
+Unlock a working tree, allowing it to be pruned, moved or deleted.
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+
+-f::
+--force::
+	By default, `add` refuses to create a new working tree when
+	`<commit-ish>` is a branch name and is already checked out by
+	another working tree and `remove` refuses to remove an unclean
+	working tree. This option overrides these safeguards.
+
+-b <new-branch>::
+-B <new-branch>::
+	With `add`, create a new branch named `<new-branch>` starting at
+	`<commit-ish>`, and check out `<new-branch>` into the new working tree.
+	If `<commit-ish>` is omitted, it defaults to HEAD.
+	By default, `-b` refuses to create a new branch if it already
+	exists. `-B` overrides this safeguard, resetting `<new-branch>` to
+	`<commit-ish>`.
+
+--detach::
+	With `add`, detach HEAD in the new working tree. See "DETACHED HEAD"
+	in linkgit:git-checkout[1].
+
+--[no-]checkout::
+	By default, `add` checks out `<commit-ish>`, however, `--no-checkout` can
+	be used to suppress checkout in order to make customizations,
+	such as configuring sparse-checkout. See "Sparse checkout"
+	in linkgit:git-read-tree[1].
+
+--[no-]guess-remote::
+	With `worktree add <path>`, without `<commit-ish>`, instead
+	of creating a new branch from HEAD, if there exists a tracking
+	branch in exactly one remote matching the basename of `<path>`,
+	base the new branch on the remote-tracking branch, and mark
+	the remote-tracking branch as "upstream" from the new branch.
++
+This can also be set up as the default behaviour by using the
+`worktree.guessRemote` config option.
+
+--[no-]track::
+	When creating a new branch, if `<commit-ish>` is a branch,
+	mark it as "upstream" from the new branch.  This is the
+	default if `<commit-ish>` is a remote-tracking branch.  See
+	"--track" in linkgit:git-branch[1] for details.
+
+--lock::
+	Keep the working tree locked after creation. This is the
+	equivalent of `git worktree lock` after `git worktree add`,
+	but without race condition.
+
+-n::
+--dry-run::
+	With `prune`, do not remove anything; just report what it would
+	remove.
+
+--porcelain::
+	With `list`, output in an easy-to-parse format for scripts.
+	This format will remain stable across Git versions and regardless of user
+	configuration.  See below for details.
+
+-q::
+--quiet::
+	With 'add', suppress feedback messages.
+
+-v::
+--verbose::
+	With `prune`, report all removals.
+
+--expire <time>::
+	With `prune`, only expire unused working trees older than <time>.
+
+--reason <string>::
+	With `lock`, an explanation why the working tree is locked.
+
+<worktree>::
+	Working trees can be identified by path, either relative or
+	absolute.
++
+If the last path components in the working tree's path is unique among
+working trees, it can be used to identify worktrees. For example if
+you only have two working trees, at "/abc/def/ghi" and "/abc/def/ggg",
+then "ghi" or "def/ghi" is enough to point to the former working tree.
+
+DETAILS
+-------
+Each linked working tree has a private sub-directory in the repository's
+$GIT_DIR/worktrees directory.  The private sub-directory's name is usually
+the base name of the linked working tree's path, possibly appended with a
+number to make it unique.  For example, when `$GIT_DIR=/path/main/.git` the
+command `git worktree add /path/other/test-next next` creates the linked
+working tree in `/path/other/test-next` and also creates a
+`$GIT_DIR/worktrees/test-next` directory (or `$GIT_DIR/worktrees/test-next1`
+if `test-next` is already taken).
+
+Within a linked working tree, $GIT_DIR is set to point to this private
+directory (e.g. `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next` in the example) and
+$GIT_COMMON_DIR is set to point back to the main working tree's $GIT_DIR
+(e.g. `/path/main/.git`). These settings are made in a `.git` file located at
+the top directory of the linked working tree.
+
+Path resolution via `git rev-parse --git-path` uses either
+$GIT_DIR or $GIT_COMMON_DIR depending on the path. For example, in the
+linked working tree `git rev-parse --git-path HEAD` returns
+`/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next/HEAD` (not
+`/path/other/test-next/.git/HEAD` or `/path/main/.git/HEAD`) while `git
+rev-parse --git-path refs/heads/master` uses
+$GIT_COMMON_DIR and returns `/path/main/.git/refs/heads/master`,
+since refs are shared across all working trees.
+
+See linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5] for more information. The rule of
+thumb is do not make any assumption about whether a path belongs to
+$GIT_DIR or $GIT_COMMON_DIR when you need to directly access something
+inside $GIT_DIR. Use `git rev-parse --git-path` to get the final path.
+
+If you manually move a linked working tree, you need to update the 'gitdir' file
+in the entry's directory. For example, if a linked working tree is moved
+to `/newpath/test-next` and its `.git` file points to
+`/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next`, then update
+`/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next/gitdir` to reference `/newpath/test-next`
+instead.
+
+To prevent a $GIT_DIR/worktrees entry from being pruned (which
+can be useful in some situations, such as when the
+entry's working tree is stored on a portable device), use the
+`git worktree lock` command, which adds a file named
+'locked' to the entry's directory. The file contains the reason in
+plain text. For example, if a linked working tree's `.git` file points
+to `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next` then a file named
+`/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next/locked` will prevent the
+`test-next` entry from being pruned.  See
+linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5] for details.
+
+LIST OUTPUT FORMAT
+------------------
+The worktree list command has two output formats.  The default format shows the
+details on a single line with columns.  For example:
+
+------------
+$ git worktree list
+/path/to/bare-source            (bare)
+/path/to/linked-worktree        abcd1234 [master]
+/path/to/other-linked-worktree  1234abc  (detached HEAD)
+------------
+
+Porcelain Format
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+The porcelain format has a line per attribute.  Attributes are listed with a
+label and value separated by a single space.  Boolean attributes (like 'bare'
+and 'detached') are listed as a label only, and are only present if and only
+if the value is true.  An empty line indicates the end of a worktree.  For
+example:
+
+------------
+$ git worktree list --porcelain
+worktree /path/to/bare-source
+bare
+
+worktree /path/to/linked-worktree
+HEAD abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234
+branch refs/heads/master
+
+worktree /path/to/other-linked-worktree
+HEAD 1234abc1234abc1234abc1234abc1234abc1234a
+detached
+
+------------
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+You are in the middle of a refactoring session and your boss comes in and
+demands that you fix something immediately. You might typically use
+linkgit:git-stash[1] to store your changes away temporarily, however, your
+working tree is in such a state of disarray (with new, moved, and removed
+files, and other bits and pieces strewn around) that you don't want to risk
+disturbing any of it. Instead, you create a temporary linked working tree to
+make the emergency fix, remove it when done, and then resume your earlier
+refactoring session.
+
+------------
+$ git worktree add -b emergency-fix ../temp master
+$ pushd ../temp
+# ... hack hack hack ...
+$ git commit -a -m 'emergency fix for boss'
+$ popd
+$ git worktree remove ../temp
+------------
+
+BUGS
+----
+Multiple checkout in general is still experimental, and the support
+for submodules is incomplete. It is NOT recommended to make multiple
+checkouts of a superproject.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt
index af306209e9..dba7f0c18e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git.txt
@@ -11,8 +11,9 @@ SYNOPSIS
 [verse]
 'git' [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]
     [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]
-    [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
+    [-p|--paginate|-P|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
     [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]
+    [--super-prefix=<path>]
     <command> [<args>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -31,413 +32,9 @@ page to learn what commands Git offers.  You can learn more about
 individual Git commands with "git help command".  linkgit:gitcli[7]
 manual page gives you an overview of the command-line command syntax.
 
-Formatted and hyperlinked version of the latest Git documentation
-can be viewed at `http://git-htmldocs.googlecode.com/git/git.html`.
-
-ifdef::stalenotes[]
-[NOTE]
-============
-
-You are reading the documentation for the latest (possibly
-unreleased) version of Git, that is available from the 'master'
-branch of the `git.git` repository.
-Documentation for older releases are available here:
-
-* link:v2.3.3/git.html[documentation for release 2.3.3]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/2.3.3.txt[2.3.3],
-  link:RelNotes/2.3.2.txt[2.3.2],
-  link:RelNotes/2.3.1.txt[2.3.1],
-  link:RelNotes/2.3.0.txt[2.3].
-
-* link:v2.2.2/git.html[documentation for release 2.2.2]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/2.2.2.txt[2.2.2],
-  link:RelNotes/2.2.1.txt[2.2.1],
-  link:RelNotes/2.2.0.txt[2.2].
-
-* link:v2.1.4/git.html[documentation for release 2.1.4]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/2.1.4.txt[2.1.4],
-  link:RelNotes/2.1.3.txt[2.1.3],
-  link:RelNotes/2.1.2.txt[2.1.2],
-  link:RelNotes/2.1.1.txt[2.1.1],
-  link:RelNotes/2.1.0.txt[2.1].
-
-* link:v2.0.5/git.html[documentation for release 2.0.5]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/2.0.5.txt[2.0.5],
-  link:RelNotes/2.0.4.txt[2.0.4],
-  link:RelNotes/2.0.3.txt[2.0.3],
-  link:RelNotes/2.0.2.txt[2.0.2],
-  link:RelNotes/2.0.1.txt[2.0.1],
-  link:RelNotes/2.0.0.txt[2.0.0].
-
-* link:v1.9.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.9.5]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.9.5.txt[1.9.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.9.4.txt[1.9.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.9.3.txt[1.9.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.9.2.txt[1.9.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.9.1.txt[1.9.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.9.0.txt[1.9.0].
-
-* link:v1.8.5.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.5.6]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.5.6.txt[1.8.5.6],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.5.5.txt[1.8.5.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.5.4.txt[1.8.5.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.5.3.txt[1.8.5.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.5.2.txt[1.8.5.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.5.1.txt[1.8.5.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.5.txt[1.8.5].
-
-* link:v1.8.4.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.4.5]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.4.5.txt[1.8.4.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.4.4.txt[1.8.4.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.4.3.txt[1.8.4.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.4.2.txt[1.8.4.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.4.1.txt[1.8.4.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.4.txt[1.8.4].
-
-* link:v1.8.3.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.3.4]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.3.4.txt[1.8.3.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.3.3.txt[1.8.3.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.3.2.txt[1.8.3.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.3.1.txt[1.8.3.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.3.txt[1.8.3].
-
-* link:v1.8.2.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.2.3]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.2.3.txt[1.8.2.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.2.2.txt[1.8.2.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.2.1.txt[1.8.2.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.2.txt[1.8.2].
-
-* link:v1.8.1.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.1.6]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.1.6.txt[1.8.1.6],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.1.5.txt[1.8.1.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.1.4.txt[1.8.1.4],
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-  link:RelNotes/1.8.1.1.txt[1.8.1.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.1.txt[1.8.1].
-
-* link:v1.8.0.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.0.3]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.0.3.txt[1.8.0.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.0.2.txt[1.8.0.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.0.1.txt[1.8.0.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.8.0.txt[1.8.0].
-
-* link:v1.7.12.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.12.4]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.12.4.txt[1.7.12.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.12.3.txt[1.7.12.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.12.2.txt[1.7.12.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.12.1.txt[1.7.12.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.12.txt[1.7.12].
-
-* link:v1.7.11.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.11.7]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.11.7.txt[1.7.11.7],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.11.6.txt[1.7.11.6],
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-  link:RelNotes/1.7.11.txt[1.7.11].
-
-* link:v1.7.10.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.10.5]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.10.5.txt[1.7.10.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.10.4.txt[1.7.10.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.10.3.txt[1.7.10.3],
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-  link:RelNotes/1.7.10.txt[1.7.10].
-
-* link:v1.7.9.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.9.7]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.9.7.txt[1.7.9.7],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.9.6.txt[1.7.9.6],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.9.5.txt[1.7.9.5],
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-  link:RelNotes/1.7.9.txt[1.7.9].
-
-* link:v1.7.8.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.8.6]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.8.6.txt[1.7.8.6],
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-  link:RelNotes/1.7.8.txt[1.7.8].
-
-* link:v1.7.7.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.7.7]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.7.7.txt[1.7.7.7],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.7.6.txt[1.7.7.6],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.7.5.txt[1.7.7.5],
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-  link:RelNotes/1.7.7.txt[1.7.7].
-
-* link:v1.7.6.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.6.6]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.6.6.txt[1.7.6.6],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.6.5.txt[1.7.6.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.6.4.txt[1.7.6.4],
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-
-* link:v1.7.5.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.5.4]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.5.4.txt[1.7.5.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.5.3.txt[1.7.5.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.5.2.txt[1.7.5.2],
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-  link:RelNotes/1.7.5.txt[1.7.5].
-
-* link:v1.7.4.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.4.5]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.4.5.txt[1.7.4.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.4.4.txt[1.7.4.4],
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-  link:RelNotes/1.7.4.txt[1.7.4].
-
-* link:v1.7.3.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.3.5]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.3.5.txt[1.7.3.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.3.4.txt[1.7.3.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.3.3.txt[1.7.3.3],
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-  link:RelNotes/1.7.3.txt[1.7.3].
-
-* link:v1.7.2.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.2.5]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.2.5.txt[1.7.2.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.2.4.txt[1.7.2.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.2.3.txt[1.7.2.3],
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-  link:RelNotes/1.7.2.1.txt[1.7.2.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.2.txt[1.7.2].
-
-* link:v1.7.1.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.1.4]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.1.4.txt[1.7.1.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.1.3.txt[1.7.1.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.1.2.txt[1.7.1.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.1.1.txt[1.7.1.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.1.txt[1.7.1].
-
-* link:v1.7.0.9/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.0.9]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.0.9.txt[1.7.0.9],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.0.8.txt[1.7.0.8],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.0.7.txt[1.7.0.7],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.0.6.txt[1.7.0.6],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.0.5.txt[1.7.0.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.0.4.txt[1.7.0.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.0.3.txt[1.7.0.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.0.2.txt[1.7.0.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.0.1.txt[1.7.0.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.7.0.txt[1.7.0].
-
-* link:v1.6.6.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.6.3]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.6.3.txt[1.6.6.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.6.2.txt[1.6.6.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.6.1.txt[1.6.6.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.6.txt[1.6.6].
-
-* link:v1.6.5.9/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.5.9]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.5.9.txt[1.6.5.9],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.5.8.txt[1.6.5.8],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.5.7.txt[1.6.5.7],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.5.6.txt[1.6.5.6],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.5.5.txt[1.6.5.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.5.4.txt[1.6.5.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.5.3.txt[1.6.5.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.5.2.txt[1.6.5.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.5.1.txt[1.6.5.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.5.txt[1.6.5].
-
-* link:v1.6.4.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.4.5]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.4.5.txt[1.6.4.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.4.4.txt[1.6.4.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.4.3.txt[1.6.4.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.4.2.txt[1.6.4.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.4.1.txt[1.6.4.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.4.txt[1.6.4].
-
-* link:v1.6.3.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.3.4]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.3.4.txt[1.6.3.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.3.3.txt[1.6.3.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.3.2.txt[1.6.3.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.3.1.txt[1.6.3.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.3.txt[1.6.3].
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.2.5.txt[1.6.2.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.2.4.txt[1.6.2.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.2.3.txt[1.6.2.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.2.2.txt[1.6.2.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.2.1.txt[1.6.2.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.2.txt[1.6.2].
-
-* link:v1.6.1.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.1.3]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.1.3.txt[1.6.1.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.1.2.txt[1.6.1.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.1.1.txt[1.6.1.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.1.txt[1.6.1].
-
-* link:v1.6.0.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.0.6]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.0.6.txt[1.6.0.6],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.0.5.txt[1.6.0.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.0.4.txt[1.6.0.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.0.3.txt[1.6.0.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.0.2.txt[1.6.0.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.0.1.txt[1.6.0.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.6.0.txt[1.6.0].
-
-* link:v1.5.6.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.6.6]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.6.6.txt[1.5.6.6],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.6.5.txt[1.5.6.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.6.4.txt[1.5.6.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.6.3.txt[1.5.6.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.6.2.txt[1.5.6.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.6.1.txt[1.5.6.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.6.txt[1.5.6].
-
-* link:v1.5.5.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.5.6]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.5.6.txt[1.5.5.6],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.5.5.txt[1.5.5.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.5.4.txt[1.5.5.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.5.3.txt[1.5.5.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.5.2.txt[1.5.5.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.5.1.txt[1.5.5.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.5.txt[1.5.5].
-
-* link:v1.5.4.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.4.7]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.4.7.txt[1.5.4.7],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.4.6.txt[1.5.4.6],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.4.5.txt[1.5.4.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.4.4.txt[1.5.4.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.4.3.txt[1.5.4.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.4.2.txt[1.5.4.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.4.1.txt[1.5.4.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.4.txt[1.5.4].
-
-* link:v1.5.3.8/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.3.8]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.3.8.txt[1.5.3.8],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.3.7.txt[1.5.3.7],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.3.6.txt[1.5.3.6],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.3.5.txt[1.5.3.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.3.4.txt[1.5.3.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.3.3.txt[1.5.3.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.3.2.txt[1.5.3.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.3.1.txt[1.5.3.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.3.txt[1.5.3].
-
-* link:v1.5.2.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.2.5]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.2.5.txt[1.5.2.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.2.4.txt[1.5.2.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.2.3.txt[1.5.2.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.2.2.txt[1.5.2.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.2.1.txt[1.5.2.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.2.txt[1.5.2].
-
-* link:v1.5.1.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.1.6]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.1.6.txt[1.5.1.6],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.1.5.txt[1.5.1.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.1.4.txt[1.5.1.4],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.1.3.txt[1.5.1.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.1.2.txt[1.5.1.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.1.1.txt[1.5.1.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.1.txt[1.5.1].
-
-* link:v1.5.0.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.0.7]
-
-* release notes for
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.0.7.txt[1.5.0.7],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.0.6.txt[1.5.0.6],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.0.5.txt[1.5.0.5],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.0.3.txt[1.5.0.3],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.0.2.txt[1.5.0.2],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.0.1.txt[1.5.0.1],
-  link:RelNotes/1.5.0.txt[1.5.0].
-
-* documentation for release link:v1.4.4.4/git.html[1.4.4.4],
-  link:v1.3.3/git.html[1.3.3],
-  link:v1.2.6/git.html[1.2.6],
-  link:v1.0.13/git.html[1.0.13].
-
-============
-
-endif::stalenotes[]
+A formatted and hyperlinked copy of the latest Git documentation
+can be viewed at `https://git.github.io/htmldocs/git.html`.
+
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -446,7 +43,7 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --help::
 	Prints the synopsis and a list of the most commonly used
-	commands. If the option '--all' or '-a' is given then all
+	commands. If the option `--all` or `-a` is given then all
 	available commands are printed. If a Git command is named this
 	option will bring up the manual page for that command.
 +
@@ -478,7 +75,8 @@ example the following invocations are equivalent:
 Note that omitting the `=` in `git -c foo.bar ...` is allowed and sets
 `foo.bar` to the boolean true value (just like `[foo]bar` would in a
 config file). Including the equals but with an empty value (like `git -c
-foo.bar= ...`) sets `foo.bar` to the empty string.
+foo.bar= ...`) sets `foo.bar` to the empty string which `git config
+--bool` will convert to `false`.
 
 --exec-path[=<path>]::
 	Path to wherever your core Git programs are installed.
@@ -505,12 +103,13 @@ foo.bar= ...`) sets `foo.bar` to the empty string.
 	configuration options (see the "Configuration Mechanism" section
 	below).
 
+-P::
 --no-pager::
 	Do not pipe Git output into a pager.
 
 --git-dir=<path>::
 	Set the path to the repository. This can also be controlled by
-	setting the GIT_DIR environment variable. It can be an absolute
+	setting the `GIT_DIR` environment variable. It can be an absolute
 	path or relative path to current working directory.
 
 --work-tree=<path>::
@@ -526,6 +125,11 @@ foo.bar= ...`) sets `foo.bar` to the empty string.
 	details.  Equivalent to setting the `GIT_NAMESPACE` environment
 	variable.
 
+--super-prefix=<path>::
+	Currently for internal use only.  Set a prefix which gives a path from
+	above a repository down to its root.  One use is to give submodules
+	context about the superproject that invoked it.
+
 --bare::
 	Treat the repository as a bare repository.  If GIT_DIR
 	environment is not set, it is set to the current working
@@ -556,6 +160,20 @@ foo.bar= ...`) sets `foo.bar` to the empty string.
 	Add "icase" magic to all pathspec. This is equivalent to setting
 	the `GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS` environment variable to `1`.
 
+--no-optional-locks::
+	Do not perform optional operations that require locks. This is
+	equivalent to setting the `GIT_OPTIONAL_LOCKS` to `0`.
+
+--list-cmds=group[,group...]::
+	List commands by group. This is an internal/experimental
+	option and may change or be removed in the future. Supported
+	groups are: builtins, parseopt (builtin commands that use
+	parse-options), main (all commands in libexec directory),
+	others (all other commands in `$PATH` that have git- prefix),
+	list-<category> (see categories in command-list.txt),
+	nohelpers (exclude helper commands), alias and config
+	(retrieve command list from config variable completion.commands)
+
 GIT COMMANDS
 ------------
 
@@ -758,47 +376,54 @@ The Git Repository
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 These environment variables apply to 'all' core Git commands. Nb: it
 is worth noting that they may be used/overridden by SCMS sitting above
-Git so take care if using Cogito etc.
+Git so take care if using a foreign front-end.
 
-'GIT_INDEX_FILE'::
+`GIT_INDEX_FILE`::
 	This environment allows the specification of an alternate
 	index file. If not specified, the default of `$GIT_DIR/index`
 	is used.
 
-'GIT_INDEX_VERSION'::
+`GIT_INDEX_VERSION`::
 	This environment variable allows the specification of an index
 	version for new repositories.  It won't affect existing index
-	files.  By default index file version [23] is used.
+	files.  By default index file version 2 or 3 is used. See
+	linkgit:git-update-index[1] for more information.
 
-'GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY'::
+`GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY`::
 	If the object storage directory is specified via this
 	environment variable then the sha1 directories are created
 	underneath - otherwise the default `$GIT_DIR/objects`
 	directory is used.
 
-'GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES'::
+`GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES`::
 	Due to the immutable nature of Git objects, old objects can be
 	archived into shared, read-only directories. This variable
 	specifies a ":" separated (on Windows ";" separated) list
 	of Git object directories which can be used to search for Git
 	objects. New objects will not be written to these directories.
-
-'GIT_DIR'::
-	If the 'GIT_DIR' environment variable is set then it
++
+	Entries that begin with `"` (double-quote) will be interpreted
+	as C-style quoted paths, removing leading and trailing
+	double-quotes and respecting backslash escapes. E.g., the value
+	`"path-with-\"-and-:-in-it":vanilla-path` has two paths:
+	`path-with-"-and-:-in-it` and `vanilla-path`.
+
+`GIT_DIR`::
+	If the `GIT_DIR` environment variable is set then it
 	specifies a path to use instead of the default `.git`
 	for the base of the repository.
-	The '--git-dir' command-line option also sets this value.
+	The `--git-dir` command-line option also sets this value.
 
-'GIT_WORK_TREE'::
+`GIT_WORK_TREE`::
 	Set the path to the root of the working tree.
-	This can also be controlled by the '--work-tree' command-line
+	This can also be controlled by the `--work-tree` command-line
 	option and the core.worktree configuration variable.
 
-'GIT_NAMESPACE'::
+`GIT_NAMESPACE`::
 	Set the Git namespace; see linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] for details.
-	The '--namespace' command-line option also sets this value.
+	The `--namespace` command-line option also sets this value.
 
-'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES'::
+`GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES`::
 	This should be a colon-separated list of absolute paths.  If
 	set, it is a list of directories that Git should not chdir up
 	into while looking for a repository directory (useful for
@@ -811,42 +436,51 @@ Git so take care if using Cogito etc.
 	can add an empty entry to the list to tell Git that the
 	subsequent entries are not symlinks and needn't be resolved;
 	e.g.,
-	'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES=/maybe/symlink::/very/slow/non/symlink'.
+	`GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES=/maybe/symlink::/very/slow/non/symlink`.
 
-'GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM'::
+`GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM`::
 	When run in a directory that does not have ".git" repository
 	directory, Git tries to find such a directory in the parent
 	directories to find the top of the working tree, but by default it
 	does not cross filesystem boundaries.  This environment variable
 	can be set to true to tell Git not to stop at filesystem
-	boundaries.  Like 'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES', this will not affect
-	an explicit repository directory set via 'GIT_DIR' or on the
+	boundaries.  Like `GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES`, this will not affect
+	an explicit repository directory set via `GIT_DIR` or on the
 	command line.
 
+`GIT_COMMON_DIR`::
+	If this variable is set to a path, non-worktree files that are
+	normally in $GIT_DIR will be taken from this path
+	instead. Worktree-specific files such as HEAD or index are
+	taken from $GIT_DIR. See linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5] and
+	linkgit:git-worktree[1] for
+	details. This variable has lower precedence than other path
+	variables such as GIT_INDEX_FILE, GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY...
+
 Git Commits
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
-'GIT_AUTHOR_NAME'::
-'GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL'::
-'GIT_AUTHOR_DATE'::
-'GIT_COMMITTER_NAME'::
-'GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL'::
-'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE'::
+`GIT_AUTHOR_NAME`::
+`GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL`::
+`GIT_AUTHOR_DATE`::
+`GIT_COMMITTER_NAME`::
+`GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL`::
+`GIT_COMMITTER_DATE`::
 'EMAIL'::
 	see linkgit:git-commit-tree[1]
 
 Git Diffs
 ~~~~~~~~~
-'GIT_DIFF_OPTS'::
+`GIT_DIFF_OPTS`::
 	Only valid setting is "--unified=??" or "-u??" to set the
 	number of context lines shown when a unified diff is created.
 	This takes precedence over any "-U" or "--unified" option
 	value passed on the Git diff command line.
 
-'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF'::
-	When the environment variable 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is set, the
+`GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF`::
+	When the environment variable `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` is set, the
 	program named by it is called, instead of the diff invocation
 	described above.  For a path that is added, removed, or modified,
-        'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is called with 7 parameters:
+	`GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` is called with 7 parameters:
 
 	path old-file old-hex old-mode new-file new-hex new-mode
 +
@@ -860,50 +494,49 @@ where:
 The file parameters can point at the user's working file
 (e.g. `new-file` in "git-diff-files"), `/dev/null` (e.g. `old-file`
 when a new file is added), or a temporary file (e.g. `old-file` in the
-index).  'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' should not worry about unlinking the
-temporary file --- it is removed when 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' exits.
+index).  `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` should not worry about unlinking the
+temporary file --- it is removed when `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` exits.
 +
-For a path that is unmerged, 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is called with 1
+For a path that is unmerged, `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` is called with 1
 parameter, <path>.
 +
-For each path 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is called, two environment variables,
-'GIT_DIFF_PATH_COUNTER' and 'GIT_DIFF_PATH_TOTAL' are set.
+For each path `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` is called, two environment variables,
+`GIT_DIFF_PATH_COUNTER` and `GIT_DIFF_PATH_TOTAL` are set.
 
-'GIT_DIFF_PATH_COUNTER'::
+`GIT_DIFF_PATH_COUNTER`::
 	A 1-based counter incremented by one for every path.
 
-'GIT_DIFF_PATH_TOTAL'::
+`GIT_DIFF_PATH_TOTAL`::
 	The total number of paths.
 
 other
 ~~~~~
-'GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY'::
+`GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY`::
 	A number controlling the amount of output shown by
 	the recursive merge strategy.  Overrides merge.verbosity.
 	See linkgit:git-merge[1]
 
-'GIT_PAGER'::
+`GIT_PAGER`::
 	This environment variable overrides `$PAGER`. If it is set
 	to an empty string or to the value "cat", Git will not launch
 	a pager.  See also the `core.pager` option in
 	linkgit:git-config[1].
 
-'GIT_EDITOR'::
+`GIT_EDITOR`::
 	This environment variable overrides `$EDITOR` and `$VISUAL`.
 	It is used by several Git commands when, on interactive mode,
 	an editor is to be launched. See also linkgit:git-var[1]
 	and the `core.editor` option in linkgit:git-config[1].
 
-'GIT_SSH'::
-'GIT_SSH_COMMAND'::
+`GIT_SSH`::
+`GIT_SSH_COMMAND`::
 	If either of these environment variables is set then 'git fetch'
 	and 'git push' will use the specified command instead of 'ssh'
 	when they need to connect to a remote system.
-	The command will be given exactly two or four arguments: the
-	'username@host' (or just 'host') from the URL and the shell
-	command to execute on that remote system, optionally preceded by
-	'-p' (literally) and the 'port' from the URL when it specifies
-	something other than the default SSH port.
+	The command-line parameters passed to the configured command are
+	determined by the ssh variant.  See `ssh.variant` option in
+	linkgit:git-config[1] for details.
+
 +
 `$GIT_SSH_COMMAND` takes precedence over `$GIT_SSH`, and is interpreted
 by the shell, which allows additional arguments to be included.
@@ -915,18 +548,24 @@ Usually it is easier to configure any desired options through your
 personal `.ssh/config` file.  Please consult your ssh documentation
 for further details.
 
-'GIT_ASKPASS'::
+`GIT_SSH_VARIANT`::
+	If this environment variable is set, it overrides Git's autodetection
+	whether `GIT_SSH`/`GIT_SSH_COMMAND`/`core.sshCommand` refer to OpenSSH,
+	plink or tortoiseplink. This variable overrides the config setting
+	`ssh.variant` that serves the same purpose.
+
+`GIT_ASKPASS`::
 	If this environment variable is set, then Git commands which need to
 	acquire passwords or passphrases (e.g. for HTTP or IMAP authentication)
 	will call this program with a suitable prompt as command-line argument
-	and read the password from its STDOUT. See also the 'core.askpass'
+	and read the password from its STDOUT. See also the `core.askPass`
 	option in linkgit:git-config[1].
 
-'GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT'::
+`GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT`::
 	If this environment variable is set to `0`, git will not prompt
 	on the terminal (e.g., when asking for HTTP authentication).
 
-'GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM'::
+`GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM`::
 	Whether to skip reading settings from the system-wide
 	`$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig` file.  This environment variable can
 	be used along with `$HOME` and `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` to create a
@@ -934,7 +573,7 @@ for further details.
 	temporarily to avoid using a buggy `/etc/gitconfig` file while
 	waiting for someone with sufficient permissions to fix it.
 
-'GIT_FLUSH'::
+`GIT_FLUSH`::
 	If this environment variable is set to "1", then commands such
 	as 'git blame' (in incremental mode), 'git rev-list', 'git log',
 	'git check-attr' and 'git check-ignore' will
@@ -945,7 +584,7 @@ for further details.
 	not set, Git will choose buffered or record-oriented flushing
 	based on whether stdout appears to be redirected to a file or not.
 
-'GIT_TRACE'::
+`GIT_TRACE`::
 	Enables general trace messages, e.g. alias expansion, built-in
 	command execution and external command execution.
 +
@@ -966,36 +605,69 @@ into it.
 Unsetting the variable, or setting it to empty, "0" or
 "false" (case insensitive) disables trace messages.
 
-'GIT_TRACE_PACK_ACCESS'::
+`GIT_TRACE_FSMONITOR`::
+	Enables trace messages for the filesystem monitor extension.
+	See `GIT_TRACE` for available trace output options.
+
+`GIT_TRACE_PACK_ACCESS`::
 	Enables trace messages for all accesses to any packs. For each
 	access, the pack file name and an offset in the pack is
 	recorded. This may be helpful for troubleshooting some
 	pack-related performance problems.
-	See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
+	See `GIT_TRACE` for available trace output options.
 
-'GIT_TRACE_PACKET'::
+`GIT_TRACE_PACKET`::
 	Enables trace messages for all packets coming in or out of a
 	given program. This can help with debugging object negotiation
 	or other protocol issues. Tracing is turned off at a packet
-	starting with "PACK".
-	See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
+	starting with "PACK" (but see `GIT_TRACE_PACKFILE` below).
+	See `GIT_TRACE` for available trace output options.
+
+`GIT_TRACE_PACKFILE`::
+	Enables tracing of packfiles sent or received by a
+	given program. Unlike other trace output, this trace is
+	verbatim: no headers, and no quoting of binary data. You almost
+	certainly want to direct into a file (e.g.,
+	`GIT_TRACE_PACKFILE=/tmp/my.pack`) rather than displaying it on
+	the terminal or mixing it with other trace output.
++
+Note that this is currently only implemented for the client side
+of clones and fetches.
 
-'GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE'::
+`GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE`::
 	Enables performance related trace messages, e.g. total execution
 	time of each Git command.
-	See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
+	See `GIT_TRACE` for available trace output options.
 
-'GIT_TRACE_SETUP'::
+`GIT_TRACE_SETUP`::
 	Enables trace messages printing the .git, working tree and current
 	working directory after Git has completed its setup phase.
-	See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
+	See `GIT_TRACE` for available trace output options.
 
-'GIT_TRACE_SHALLOW'::
+`GIT_TRACE_SHALLOW`::
 	Enables trace messages that can help debugging fetching /
 	cloning of shallow repositories.
-	See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
+	See `GIT_TRACE` for available trace output options.
+
+`GIT_TRACE_CURL`::
+	Enables a curl full trace dump of all incoming and outgoing data,
+	including descriptive information, of the git transport protocol.
+	This is similar to doing curl `--trace-ascii` on the command line.
+	This option overrides setting the `GIT_CURL_VERBOSE` environment
+	variable.
+	See `GIT_TRACE` for available trace output options.
 
-GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS::
+`GIT_TRACE_CURL_NO_DATA`::
+	When a curl trace is enabled (see `GIT_TRACE_CURL` above), do not dump
+	data (that is, only dump info lines and headers).
+
+`GIT_REDACT_COOKIES`::
+	This can be set to a comma-separated list of strings. When a curl trace
+	is enabled (see `GIT_TRACE_CURL` above), whenever a "Cookies:" header
+	sent by the client is dumped, values of cookies whose key is in that
+	list (case-sensitive) are redacted.
+
+`GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS`::
 	Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
 	pathspecs literally, rather than as glob patterns. For example,
 	running `GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS=1 git log -- '*.c'` will search
@@ -1004,19 +676,19 @@ GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS::
 	literal paths to Git (e.g., paths previously given to you by
 	`git ls-tree`, `--raw` diff output, etc).
 
-GIT_GLOB_PATHSPECS::
+`GIT_GLOB_PATHSPECS`::
 	Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
 	pathspecs as glob patterns (aka "glob" magic).
 
-GIT_NOGLOB_PATHSPECS::
+`GIT_NOGLOB_PATHSPECS`::
 	Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
 	pathspecs as literal (aka "literal" magic).
 
-GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS::
+`GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS`::
 	Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
 	pathspecs as case-insensitive.
 
-'GIT_REFLOG_ACTION'::
+`GIT_REFLOG_ACTION`::
 	When a ref is updated, reflog entries are created to keep
 	track of the reason why the ref was updated (which is
 	typically the name of the high-level command that updated
@@ -1026,6 +698,73 @@ GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS::
 	variable when it is invoked as the top level command by the
 	end user, to be recorded in the body of the reflog.
 
+`GIT_REF_PARANOIA`::
+	If set to `1`, include broken or badly named refs when iterating
+	over lists of refs. In a normal, non-corrupted repository, this
+	does nothing. However, enabling it may help git to detect and
+	abort some operations in the presence of broken refs. Git sets
+	this variable automatically when performing destructive
+	operations like linkgit:git-prune[1]. You should not need to set
+	it yourself unless you want to be paranoid about making sure
+	an operation has touched every ref (e.g., because you are
+	cloning a repository to make a backup).
+
+`GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL`::
+	If set to a colon-separated list of protocols, behave as if
+	`protocol.allow` is set to `never`, and each of the listed
+	protocols has `protocol.<name>.allow` set to `always`
+	(overriding any existing configuration). In other words, any
+	protocol not mentioned will be disallowed (i.e., this is a
+	whitelist, not a blacklist). See the description of
+	`protocol.allow` in linkgit:git-config[1] for more details.
+
+`GIT_PROTOCOL_FROM_USER`::
+	Set to 0 to prevent protocols used by fetch/push/clone which are
+	configured to the `user` state.  This is useful to restrict recursive
+	submodule initialization from an untrusted repository or for programs
+	which feed potentially-untrusted URLS to git commands.  See
+	linkgit:git-config[1] for more details.
+
+`GIT_PROTOCOL`::
+	For internal use only.  Used in handshaking the wire protocol.
+	Contains a colon ':' separated list of keys with optional values
+	'key[=value]'.  Presence of unknown keys and values must be
+	ignored.
+
+`GIT_OPTIONAL_LOCKS`::
+	If set to `0`, Git will complete any requested operation without
+	performing any optional sub-operations that require taking a lock.
+	For example, this will prevent `git status` from refreshing the
+	index as a side effect. This is useful for processes running in
+	the background which do not want to cause lock contention with
+	other operations on the repository.  Defaults to `1`.
+
+`GIT_REDIRECT_STDIN`::
+`GIT_REDIRECT_STDOUT`::
+`GIT_REDIRECT_STDERR`::
+	Windows-only: allow redirecting the standard input/output/error
+	handles to paths specified by the environment variables. This is
+	particularly useful in multi-threaded applications where the
+	canonical way to pass standard handles via `CreateProcess()` is
+	not an option because it would require the handles to be marked
+	inheritable (and consequently *every* spawned process would
+	inherit them, possibly blocking regular Git operations). The
+	primary intended use case is to use named pipes for communication
+	(e.g. `\\.\pipe\my-git-stdin-123`).
++
+Two special values are supported: `off` will simply close the
+corresponding standard handle, and if `GIT_REDIRECT_STDERR` is
+`2>&1`, standard error will be redirected to the same handle as
+standard output.
+
+`GIT_PRINT_SHA1_ELLIPSIS` (deprecated)::
+	If set to `yes`, print an ellipsis following an
+	(abbreviated) SHA-1 value.  This affects indications of
+	detached HEADs (linkgit:git-checkout[1]) and the raw
+	diff output (linkgit:git-diff[1]).  Printing an
+	ellipsis in the cases mentioned is no longer considered
+	adequate and support for it is likely to be removed in the
+	foreseeable future (along with the variable).
 
 Discussion[[Discussion]]
 ------------------------
@@ -1121,6 +860,9 @@ Report bugs to the Git mailing list <git@vger.kernel.org> where the
 development and maintenance is primarily done.  You do not have to be
 subscribed to the list to send a message there.
 
+Issues which are security relevant should be disclosed privately to
+the Git Security mailing list <git-security@googlegroups.com>.
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:gittutorial[7], linkgit:gittutorial-2[7],
diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
index c892ffa5ce..92010b062e 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ gitattributes(5)
 
 NAME
 ----
-gitattributes - defining attributes per path
+gitattributes - Defining attributes per path
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -21,9 +21,11 @@ Each line in `gitattributes` file is of form:
 	pattern	attr1 attr2 ...
 
 That is, a pattern followed by an attributes list,
-separated by whitespaces.  When the pattern matches the
-path in question, the attributes listed on the line are given to
-the path.
+separated by whitespaces. Leading and trailing whitespaces are
+ignored. Lines that begin with '#' are ignored. Patterns
+that begin with a double quote are quoted in C style.
+When the pattern matches the path in question, the attributes
+listed on the line are given to the path.
 
 Each attribute can be in one of these states for a given path:
 
@@ -54,9 +56,16 @@ Unspecified::
 
 When more than one pattern matches the path, a later line
 overrides an earlier line.  This overriding is done per
-attribute.  The rules how the pattern matches paths are the
-same as in `.gitignore` files; see linkgit:gitignore[5].
-Unlike `.gitignore`, negative patterns are forbidden.
+attribute.
+
+The rules by which the pattern matches paths are the same as in
+`.gitignore` files (see linkgit:gitignore[5]), with a few exceptions:
+
+  - negative patterns are forbidden
+
+  - patterns that match a directory do not recursively match paths
+    inside that directory (so using the trailing-slash `path/` syntax is
+    pointless in an attributes file; use `path/**` instead)
 
 When deciding what attributes are assigned to a path, Git
 consults `$GIT_DIR/info/attributes` file (which has the highest
@@ -80,13 +89,13 @@ Attributes which should be version-controlled and distributed to other
 repositories (i.e., attributes of interest to all users) should go into
 `.gitattributes` files. Attributes that should affect all repositories
 for a single user should be placed in a file specified by the
-`core.attributesfile` configuration option (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
+`core.attributesFile` configuration option (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
 Its default value is $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/attributes. If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME
 is either not set or empty, $HOME/.config/git/attributes is used instead.
 Attributes for all users on a system should be placed in the
 `$(prefix)/etc/gitattributes` file.
 
-Sometimes you would need to override an setting of an attribute
+Sometimes you would need to override a setting of an attribute
 for a path to `Unspecified` state.  This can be done by listing
 the name of the attribute prefixed with an exclamation point `!`.
 
@@ -115,6 +124,7 @@ text file is normalized, its line endings are converted to LF in the
 repository.  To control what line ending style is used in the working
 directory, use the `eol` attribute for a single file and the
 `core.eol` configuration variable for all text files.
+Note that `core.autocrlf` overrides `core.eol`
 
 Set::
 
@@ -130,8 +140,9 @@ Unset::
 Set to string value "auto"::
 
 	When `text` is set to "auto", the path is marked for automatic
-	end-of-line normalization.  If Git decides that the content is
-	text, its line endings are normalized to LF on checkin.
+	end-of-line conversion.  If Git decides that the content is
+	text, its line endings are converted to LF on checkin.
+	When the file has been committed with CRLF, no conversion is done.
 
 Unspecified::
 
@@ -146,8 +157,11 @@ unspecified.
 ^^^^^
 
 This attribute sets a specific line-ending style to be used in the
-working directory.  It enables end-of-line normalization without any
-content checks, effectively setting the `text` attribute.
+working directory.  It enables end-of-line conversion without any
+content checks, effectively setting the `text` attribute.  Note that
+setting this attribute on paths which are in the index with CRLF line
+endings may make the paths to be considered dirty.  Adding the path to
+the index again will normalize the line endings in the index.
 
 Set to string value "crlf"::
 
@@ -180,65 +194,53 @@ While Git normally leaves file contents alone, it can be configured to
 normalize line endings to LF in the repository and, optionally, to
 convert them to CRLF when files are checked out.
 
-Here is an example that will make Git normalize .txt, .vcproj and .sh
-files, ensure that .vcproj files have CRLF and .sh files have LF in
-the working directory, and prevent .jpg files from being normalized
-regardless of their content.
-
-------------------------
-*.txt		text
-*.vcproj	eol=crlf
-*.sh		eol=lf
-*.jpg		-text
-------------------------
-
-Other source code management systems normalize all text files in their
-repositories, and there are two ways to enable similar automatic
-normalization in Git.
-
 If you simply want to have CRLF line endings in your working directory
 regardless of the repository you are working with, you can set the
-config variable "core.autocrlf" without changing any attributes.
+config variable "core.autocrlf" without using any attributes.
 
 ------------------------
 [core]
 	autocrlf = true
 ------------------------
 
-This does not force normalization of all text files, but does ensure
+This does not force normalization of text files, but does ensure
 that text files that you introduce to the repository have their line
 endings normalized to LF when they are added, and that files that are
 already normalized in the repository stay normalized.
 
-If you want to interoperate with a source code management system that
-enforces end-of-line normalization, or you simply want all text files
-in your repository to be normalized, you should instead set the `text`
-attribute to "auto" for _all_ files.
+If you want to ensure that text files that any contributor introduces to
+the repository have their line endings normalized, you can set the
+`text` attribute to "auto" for _all_ files.
 
 ------------------------
 *	text=auto
 ------------------------
 
-This ensures that all files that Git considers to be text will have
-normalized (LF) line endings in the repository.  The `core.eol`
-configuration variable controls which line endings Git will use for
-normalized files in your working directory; the default is to use the
-native line ending for your platform, or CRLF if `core.autocrlf` is
-set.
+The attributes allow a fine-grained control, how the line endings
+are converted.
+Here is an example that will make Git normalize .txt, .vcproj and .sh
+files, ensure that .vcproj files have CRLF and .sh files have LF in
+the working directory, and prevent .jpg files from being normalized
+regardless of their content.
+
+------------------------
+*               text=auto
+*.txt		text
+*.vcproj	text eol=crlf
+*.sh		text eol=lf
+*.jpg		-text
+------------------------
+
+NOTE: When `text=auto` conversion is enabled in a cross-platform
+project using push and pull to a central repository the text files
+containing CRLFs should be normalized.
 
-NOTE: When `text=auto` normalization is enabled in an existing
-repository, any text files containing CRLFs should be normalized.  If
-they are not they will be normalized the next time someone tries to
-change them, causing unfortunate misattribution.  From a clean working
-directory:
+From a clean working directory:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ echo "* text=auto" >>.gitattributes
-$ rm .git/index     # Remove the index to force Git to
-$ git reset         # re-scan the working directory
+$ echo "* text=auto" >.gitattributes
+$ git add --renormalize .
 $ git status        # Show files that will be normalized
-$ git add -u
-$ git add .gitattributes
 $ git commit -m "Introduce end-of-line normalization"
 -------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -277,6 +279,94 @@ few exceptions.  Even though...
   catch potential problems early, safety triggers.
 
 
+`working-tree-encoding`
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Git recognizes files encoded in ASCII or one of its supersets (e.g.
+UTF-8, ISO-8859-1, ...) as text files. Files encoded in certain other
+encodings (e.g. UTF-16) are interpreted as binary and consequently
+built-in Git text processing tools (e.g. 'git diff') as well as most Git
+web front ends do not visualize the contents of these files by default.
+
+In these cases you can tell Git the encoding of a file in the working
+directory with the `working-tree-encoding` attribute. If a file with this
+attribute is added to Git, then Git reencodes the content from the
+specified encoding to UTF-8. Finally, Git stores the UTF-8 encoded
+content in its internal data structure (called "the index"). On checkout
+the content is reencoded back to the specified encoding.
+
+Please note that using the `working-tree-encoding` attribute may have a
+number of pitfalls:
+
+- Alternative Git implementations (e.g. JGit or libgit2) and older Git
+  versions (as of March 2018) do not support the `working-tree-encoding`
+  attribute. If you decide to use the `working-tree-encoding` attribute
+  in your repository, then it is strongly recommended to ensure that all
+  clients working with the repository support it.
+
+  For example, Microsoft Visual Studio resources files (`*.rc`) or
+  PowerShell script files (`*.ps1`) are sometimes encoded in UTF-16.
+  If you declare `*.ps1` as files as UTF-16 and you add `foo.ps1` with
+  a `working-tree-encoding` enabled Git client, then `foo.ps1` will be
+  stored as UTF-8 internally. A client without `working-tree-encoding`
+  support will checkout `foo.ps1` as UTF-8 encoded file. This will
+  typically cause trouble for the users of this file.
+
+  If a Git client, that does not support the `working-tree-encoding`
+  attribute, adds a new file `bar.ps1`, then `bar.ps1` will be
+  stored "as-is" internally (in this example probably as UTF-16).
+  A client with `working-tree-encoding` support will interpret the
+  internal contents as UTF-8 and try to convert it to UTF-16 on checkout.
+  That operation will fail and cause an error.
+
+- Reencoding content to non-UTF encodings can cause errors as the
+  conversion might not be UTF-8 round trip safe. If you suspect your
+  encoding to not be round trip safe, then add it to
+  `core.checkRoundtripEncoding` to make Git check the round trip
+  encoding (see linkgit:git-config[1]). SHIFT-JIS (Japanese character
+  set) is known to have round trip issues with UTF-8 and is checked by
+  default.
+
+- Reencoding content requires resources that might slow down certain
+  Git operations (e.g 'git checkout' or 'git add').
+
+Use the `working-tree-encoding` attribute only if you cannot store a file
+in UTF-8 encoding and if you want Git to be able to process the content
+as text.
+
+As an example, use the following attributes if your '*.ps1' files are
+UTF-16 encoded with byte order mark (BOM) and you want Git to perform
+automatic line ending conversion based on your platform.
+
+------------------------
+*.ps1		text working-tree-encoding=UTF-16
+------------------------
+
+Use the following attributes if your '*.ps1' files are UTF-16 little
+endian encoded without BOM and you want Git to use Windows line endings
+in the working directory. Please note, it is highly recommended to
+explicitly define the line endings with `eol` if the `working-tree-encoding`
+attribute is used to avoid ambiguity.
+
+------------------------
+*.ps1		text working-tree-encoding=UTF-16LE eol=CRLF
+------------------------
+
+You can get a list of all available encodings on your platform with the
+following command:
+
+------------------------
+iconv --list
+------------------------
+
+If you do not know the encoding of a file, then you can use the `file`
+command to guess the encoding:
+
+------------------------
+file foo.ps1
+------------------------
+
+
 `ident`
 ^^^^^^^
 
@@ -300,7 +390,15 @@ checkout, when the `smudge` command is specified, the command is
 fed the blob object from its standard input, and its standard
 output is used to update the worktree file.  Similarly, the
 `clean` command is used to convert the contents of worktree file
-upon checkin.
+upon checkin. By default these commands process only a single
+blob and terminate. If a long running `process` filter is used
+in place of `clean` and/or `smudge` filters, then Git can process
+all blobs with a single filter command invocation for the entire
+life of a single Git command, for example `git add --all`. If a
+long running `process` filter is configured then it always takes
+precedence over a configured single blob filter. See section
+below for the description of the protocol used to communicate with
+a `process` filter.
 
 One use of the content filtering is to massage the content into a shape
 that is more convenient for the platform, filesystem, and the user to use.
@@ -324,6 +422,9 @@ You can declare that a filter turns a content that by itself is unusable
 into a usable content by setting the filter.<driver>.required configuration
 variable to `true`.
 
+Note: Whenever the clean filter is changed, the repo should be renormalized:
+$ git add --renormalize .
+
 For example, in .gitattributes, you would assign the `filter`
 attribute for paths.
 
@@ -374,6 +475,183 @@ substitution.  For example:
 	smudge = git-p4-filter --smudge %f
 ------------------------
 
+Note that "%f" is the name of the path that is being worked on. Depending
+on the version that is being filtered, the corresponding file on disk may
+not exist, or may have different contents. So, smudge and clean commands
+should not try to access the file on disk, but only act as filters on the
+content provided to them on standard input.
+
+Long Running Filter Process
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+If the filter command (a string value) is defined via
+`filter.<driver>.process` then Git can process all blobs with a
+single filter invocation for the entire life of a single Git
+command. This is achieved by using the long-running process protocol
+(described in technical/long-running-process-protocol.txt).
+
+When Git encounters the first file that needs to be cleaned or smudged,
+it starts the filter and performs the handshake. In the handshake, the
+welcome message sent by Git is "git-filter-client", only version 2 is
+suppported, and the supported capabilities are "clean", "smudge", and
+"delay".
+
+Afterwards Git sends a list of "key=value" pairs terminated with
+a flush packet. The list will contain at least the filter command
+(based on the supported capabilities) and the pathname of the file
+to filter relative to the repository root. Right after the flush packet
+Git sends the content split in zero or more pkt-line packets and a
+flush packet to terminate content. Please note, that the filter
+must not send any response before it received the content and the
+final flush packet. Also note that the "value" of a "key=value" pair
+can contain the "=" character whereas the key would never contain
+that character.
+------------------------
+packet:          git> command=smudge
+packet:          git> pathname=path/testfile.dat
+packet:          git> 0000
+packet:          git> CONTENT
+packet:          git> 0000
+------------------------
+
+The filter is expected to respond with a list of "key=value" pairs
+terminated with a flush packet. If the filter does not experience
+problems then the list must contain a "success" status. Right after
+these packets the filter is expected to send the content in zero
+or more pkt-line packets and a flush packet at the end. Finally, a
+second list of "key=value" pairs terminated with a flush packet
+is expected. The filter can change the status in the second list
+or keep the status as is with an empty list. Please note that the
+empty list must be terminated with a flush packet regardless.
+
+------------------------
+packet:          git< status=success
+packet:          git< 0000
+packet:          git< SMUDGED_CONTENT
+packet:          git< 0000
+packet:          git< 0000  # empty list, keep "status=success" unchanged!
+------------------------
+
+If the result content is empty then the filter is expected to respond
+with a "success" status and a flush packet to signal the empty content.
+------------------------
+packet:          git< status=success
+packet:          git< 0000
+packet:          git< 0000  # empty content!
+packet:          git< 0000  # empty list, keep "status=success" unchanged!
+------------------------
+
+In case the filter cannot or does not want to process the content,
+it is expected to respond with an "error" status.
+------------------------
+packet:          git< status=error
+packet:          git< 0000
+------------------------
+
+If the filter experiences an error during processing, then it can
+send the status "error" after the content was (partially or
+completely) sent.
+------------------------
+packet:          git< status=success
+packet:          git< 0000
+packet:          git< HALF_WRITTEN_ERRONEOUS_CONTENT
+packet:          git< 0000
+packet:          git< status=error
+packet:          git< 0000
+------------------------
+
+In case the filter cannot or does not want to process the content
+as well as any future content for the lifetime of the Git process,
+then it is expected to respond with an "abort" status at any point
+in the protocol.
+------------------------
+packet:          git< status=abort
+packet:          git< 0000
+------------------------
+
+Git neither stops nor restarts the filter process in case the
+"error"/"abort" status is set. However, Git sets its exit code
+according to the `filter.<driver>.required` flag, mimicking the
+behavior of the `filter.<driver>.clean` / `filter.<driver>.smudge`
+mechanism.
+
+If the filter dies during the communication or does not adhere to
+the protocol then Git will stop the filter process and restart it
+with the next file that needs to be processed. Depending on the
+`filter.<driver>.required` flag Git will interpret that as error.
+
+Delay
+^^^^^
+
+If the filter supports the "delay" capability, then Git can send the
+flag "can-delay" after the filter command and pathname. This flag
+denotes that the filter can delay filtering the current blob (e.g. to
+compensate network latencies) by responding with no content but with
+the status "delayed" and a flush packet.
+------------------------
+packet:          git> command=smudge
+packet:          git> pathname=path/testfile.dat
+packet:          git> can-delay=1
+packet:          git> 0000
+packet:          git> CONTENT
+packet:          git> 0000
+packet:          git< status=delayed
+packet:          git< 0000
+------------------------
+
+If the filter supports the "delay" capability then it must support the
+"list_available_blobs" command. If Git sends this command, then the
+filter is expected to return a list of pathnames representing blobs
+that have been delayed earlier and are now available.
+The list must be terminated with a flush packet followed
+by a "success" status that is also terminated with a flush packet. If
+no blobs for the delayed paths are available, yet, then the filter is
+expected to block the response until at least one blob becomes
+available. The filter can tell Git that it has no more delayed blobs
+by sending an empty list. As soon as the filter responds with an empty
+list, Git stops asking. All blobs that Git has not received at this
+point are considered missing and will result in an error.
+
+------------------------
+packet:          git> command=list_available_blobs
+packet:          git> 0000
+packet:          git< pathname=path/testfile.dat
+packet:          git< pathname=path/otherfile.dat
+packet:          git< 0000
+packet:          git< status=success
+packet:          git< 0000
+------------------------
+
+After Git received the pathnames, it will request the corresponding
+blobs again. These requests contain a pathname and an empty content
+section. The filter is expected to respond with the smudged content
+in the usual way as explained above.
+------------------------
+packet:          git> command=smudge
+packet:          git> pathname=path/testfile.dat
+packet:          git> 0000
+packet:          git> 0000  # empty content!
+packet:          git< status=success
+packet:          git< 0000
+packet:          git< SMUDGED_CONTENT
+packet:          git< 0000
+packet:          git< 0000  # empty list, keep "status=success" unchanged!
+------------------------
+
+Example
+^^^^^^^
+
+A long running filter demo implementation can be found in
+`contrib/long-running-filter/example.pl` located in the Git
+core repository. If you develop your own long running filter
+process then the `GIT_TRACE_PACKET` environment variables can be
+very helpful for debugging (see linkgit:git[1]).
+
+Please note that you cannot use an existing `filter.<driver>.clean`
+or `filter.<driver>.smudge` command with `filter.<driver>.process`
+because the former two use a different inter process communication
+protocol than the latter one.
+
 
 Interaction between checkin/checkout attributes
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@@ -525,8 +803,14 @@ patterns are available:
 
 - `csharp` suitable for source code in the C# language.
 
+- `css` suitable for cascading style sheets.
+
 - `fortran` suitable for source code in the Fortran language.
 
+- `fountain` suitable for Fountain documents.
+
+- `golang` suitable for source code in the Go language.
+
 - `html` suitable for HTML/XHTML documents.
 
 - `java` suitable for source code in the Java language.
@@ -774,7 +1058,7 @@ To define a custom merge driver `filfre`, add a section to your
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 [merge "filfre"]
 	name = feel-free merge driver
-	driver = filfre %O %A %B
+	driver = filfre %O %A %B %L %P
 	recursive = binary
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -800,6 +1084,9 @@ merge between common ancestors, when there are more than one.
 When left unspecified, the driver itself is used for both
 internal merge and the final merge.
 
+The merge driver can learn the pathname in which the merged result
+will be stored via placeholder `%P`.
+
 
 `conflict-marker-size`
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@@ -942,8 +1229,8 @@ to:
 ------------
 
 
-EXAMPLE
--------
+EXAMPLES
+--------
 
 If you have these three `gitattributes` file:
 
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcli.txt b/Documentation/gitcli.txt
index dfe7d83727..592e06d839 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcli.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcli.txt
@@ -110,8 +110,8 @@ couple of magic command-line options:
 +
 ---------------------------------------------
 $ git describe -h
-usage: git describe [options] <commit-ish>*
-   or: git describe [options] --dirty
+usage: git describe [<options>] <commit-ish>*
+   or: git describe [<options>] --dirty
 
     --contains            find the tag that comes after the commit
     --debug               debug search strategy on stderr
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ different things.
  * The `--index` option is used to ask a command that
    usually works on files in the working tree to *also*
    affect the index.  For example, `git stash apply` usually
-   merges changes recorded in a stash to the working tree,
+   merges changes recorded in a stash entry to the working tree,
    but with the `--index` option, it also merges changes to
    the index as well.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
index 8475c07932..e29a9effcc 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ you want to understand Git's internals.
 The core Git is often called "plumbing", with the prettier user
 interfaces on top of it called "porcelain". You may not want to use the
 plumbing directly very often, but it can be good to know what the
-plumbing does for when the porcelain isn't flushing.
+plumbing does when the porcelain isn't flushing.
 
 Back when this document was originally written, many porcelain
 commands were shell scripts. For simplicity, it still uses them as
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ index 557db03..263414f 100644
 @@ -1 +1,2 @@
  Hello World
 +It's a new day for git
-----
+------------
 
 i.e. the diff of the change we caused by adding another line to `hello`.
 
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ So after you do a `cp -a` to create a new copy, you'll want to do
 $ git update-index --refresh
 ----------------
 +
-in the new repository to make sure that the index file is up-to-date.
+in the new repository to make sure that the index file is up to date.
 
 Note that the second point is true even across machines. You can
 duplicate a remote Git repository with *any* regular copy mechanism, be it
@@ -701,7 +701,7 @@ $ git checkout-index -u -a
 ----------------
 
 where the `-u` flag means that you want the checkout to keep the index
-up-to-date (so that you don't have to refresh it afterward), and the
+up to date (so that you don't have to refresh it afterward), and the
 `-a` flag means "check out all files" (if you have a stale copy or an
 older version of a checked out tree you may also need to add the `-f`
 flag first, to tell 'git checkout-index' to *force* overwriting of any old
@@ -710,7 +710,7 @@ files).
 Again, this can all be simplified with
 
 ----------------
-$ git clone rsync://rsync.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git/ my-git
+$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git/ my-git
 $ cd my-git
 $ git checkout
 ----------------
@@ -949,7 +949,7 @@ for details.
 [NOTE]
 If there were more commits on the 'master' branch after the merge, the
 merge commit itself would not be shown by 'git show-branch' by
-default.  You would need to provide '--sparse' option to make the
+default.  You would need to provide `--sparse` option to make the
 merge commit visible in this case.
 
 Now, let's pretend you are the one who did all the work in
@@ -1011,20 +1011,6 @@ $ git fetch <remote-repository>
 One of the following transports can be used to name the
 repository to download from:
 
-Rsync::
-	`rsync://remote.machine/path/to/repo.git/`
-+
-Rsync transport is usable for both uploading and downloading,
-but is completely unaware of what git does, and can produce
-unexpected results when you download from the public repository
-while the repository owner is uploading into it via `rsync`
-transport.  Most notably, it could update the files under
-`refs/` which holds the object name of the topmost commits
-before uploading the files in `objects/` -- the downloader would
-obtain head commit object name while that object itself is still
-not available in the repository.  For this reason, it is
-considered deprecated.
-
 SSH::
 	`remote.machine:/path/to/repo.git/` or
 +
@@ -1297,7 +1283,7 @@ run a single command, 'git-receive-pack'.
 
 First, you need to create an empty repository on the remote
 machine that will house your public repository. This empty
-repository will be populated and be kept up-to-date by pushing
+repository will be populated and be kept up to date by pushing
 into it later. Obviously, this repository creation needs to be
 done only once.
 
@@ -1382,7 +1368,7 @@ $ git repack
 will do it for you. If you followed the tutorial examples, you
 would have accumulated about 17 objects in `.git/objects/??/`
 directories by now. 'git repack' tells you how many objects it
-packed, and stores the packed file in `.git/objects/pack`
+packed, and stores the packed file in the `.git/objects/pack`
 directory.
 
 [NOTE]
@@ -1430,7 +1416,7 @@ while, depending on how active your project is.
 
 When a repository is synchronized via `git push` and `git pull`
 objects packed in the source repository are usually stored
-unpacked in the destination, unless rsync transport is used.
+unpacked in the destination.
 While this allows you to use different packing strategies on
 both ends, it also means you may need to repack both
 repositories every once in a while.
@@ -1443,7 +1429,7 @@ Although Git is a truly distributed system, it is often
 convenient to organize your project with an informal hierarchy
 of developers. Linux kernel development is run this way. There
 is a nice illustration (page 17, "Merges to Mainline") in
-http://www.xenotime.net/linux/mentor/linux-mentoring-2006.pdf[Randy Dunlap's presentation].
+https://web.archive.org/web/20120915203609/http://www.xenotime.net/linux/mentor/linux-mentoring-2006.pdf[Randy Dunlap's presentation].
 
 It should be stressed that this hierarchy is purely *informal*.
 There is nothing fundamental in Git that enforces the "chain of
@@ -1464,7 +1450,7 @@ transport protocols (HTTP), you need to keep this repository
 would contain a call to 'git update-server-info'
 but you need to manually enable the hook with
 `mv post-update.sample post-update`.  This makes sure
-'git update-server-info' keeps the necessary files up-to-date.
+'git update-server-info' keeps the necessary files up to date.
 
 3. Push into the public repository from your primary
    repository.
@@ -1492,7 +1478,7 @@ You can repack this private repository whenever you feel like.
 A recommended work cycle for a "subsystem maintainer" who works
 on that project and has an own "public repository" goes like this:
 
-1. Prepare your work repository, by 'git clone' the public
+1. Prepare your work repository, by running 'git clone' on the public
    repository of the "project lead". The URL used for the
    initial cloning is stored in the remote.origin.url
    configuration variable.
@@ -1557,9 +1543,9 @@ like this:
 Working with Others, Shared Repository Style
 --------------------------------------------
 
-If you are coming from CVS background, the style of cooperation
+If you are coming from a CVS background, the style of cooperation
 suggested in the previous section may be new to you. You do not
-have to worry. Git supports "shared public repository" style of
+have to worry. Git supports the "shared public repository" style of
 cooperation you are probably more familiar with as well.
 
 See linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7] for the details.
@@ -1649,7 +1635,7 @@ $ git show-branch
 ++* [master~2] Pretty-print messages.
 ------------
 
-Note that you should not do Octopus because you can.  An octopus
+Note that you should not do Octopus just because you can.  An octopus
 is a valid thing to do and often makes it easier to view the
 commit history if you are merging more than two independent
 changes at the same time.  However, if you have merge conflicts
@@ -1672,4 +1658,4 @@ link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcredentials.txt b/Documentation/gitcredentials.txt
index 47576be5db..f970196bc1 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcredentials.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcredentials.txt
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ strategies to ask the user for usernames and passwords:
    to the program on the command line, and the user's input is read
    from its standard output.
 
-2. Otherwise, if the `core.askpass` configuration variable is set, its
+2. Otherwise, if the `core.askPass` configuration variable is set, its
    value is used as above.
 
 3. Otherwise, if the `SSH_ASKPASS` environment variable is set, its
@@ -101,11 +101,6 @@ $ git help credential-foo
 $ git config --global credential.helper foo
 -------------------------------------------
 
-If there are multiple instances of the `credential.helper` configuration
-variable, each helper will be tried in turn, and may provide a username,
-password, or nothing. Once Git has acquired both a username and a
-password, no more helpers will be tried.
-
 
 CREDENTIAL CONTEXTS
 -------------------
@@ -157,6 +152,16 @@ helper::
 	shell (so, for example, setting this to `foo --option=bar` will execute
 	`git credential-foo --option=bar` via the shell. See the manual of
 	specific helpers for examples of their use.
++
+If there are multiple instances of the `credential.helper` configuration
+variable, each helper will be tried in turn, and may provide a username,
+password, or nothing. Once Git has acquired both a username and a
+password, no more helpers will be tried.
++
+If `credential.helper` is configured to the empty string, this resets
+the helper list to empty (so you may override a helper set by a
+lower-priority config file by configuring the empty-string helper,
+followed by whatever set of helpers you would like).
 
 username::
 
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt b/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
index b06e852a85..1cd1283d0f 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
@@ -116,8 +116,12 @@ they create are writable and searchable by other group members.
 Importing a CVS archive
 -----------------------
 
+NOTE: These instructions use the `git-cvsimport` script which ships with
+git, but other importers may provide better results. See the note in
+linkgit:git-cvsimport[1] for other options.
+
 First, install version 2.1 or higher of cvsps from
-http://www.cobite.com/cvsps/[http://www.cobite.com/cvsps/] and make
+https://github.com/andreyvit/cvsps[https://github.com/andreyvit/cvsps] and make
 sure it is in your path.  Then cd to a checked out CVS working directory
 of the project you are interested in and run linkgit:git-cvsimport[1]:
 
@@ -199,4 +203,4 @@ link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt b/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt
index c8b3e51c84..c0a60f3158 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ The 'git diff-{asterisk}' family works by first comparing two sets of
 files:
 
  - 'git diff-index' compares contents of a "tree" object and the
-   working directory (when '\--cached' flag is not used) or a
-   "tree" object and the index file (when '\--cached' flag is
+   working directory (when `--cached` flag is not used) or a
+   "tree" object and the index file (when `--cached` flag is
    used);
 
  - 'git diff-files' compares contents of the index file and the
@@ -84,8 +84,8 @@ format sections of the manual for 'git diff-{asterisk}' commands) or
 diff-patch format.
 
 
-diffcore-break: For Splitting Up "Complete Rewrites"
-----------------------------------------------------
+diffcore-break: For Splitting Up Complete Rewrites
+--------------------------------------------------
 
 The second transformation in the chain is diffcore-break, and is
 controlled by the -B option to the 'git diff-{asterisk}' commands.  This is
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ the original is used), and can be customized by giving a number
 after "-B" option (e.g. "-B75" to tell it to use 75%).
 
 
-diffcore-rename: For Detection Renames and Copies
+diffcore-rename: For Detecting Renames and Copies
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 This transformation is used to detect renames and copies, and is
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ merges these filepairs and creates:
 
 When the "-C" option is used, the original contents of modified files,
 and deleted files (and also unmodified files, if the
-"\--find-copies-harder" option is used) are considered as candidates
+"--find-copies-harder" option is used) are considered as candidates
 of the source files in rename/copy operation.  If the input were like
 these filepairs, that talk about a modified file fileY and a newly
 created file file0:
@@ -177,8 +177,8 @@ the expense of making it slower.  Without `--find-copies-harder`,
 copied happened to have been modified in the same changeset.
 
 
-diffcore-merge-broken: For Putting "Complete Rewrites" Back Together
---------------------------------------------------------------------
+diffcore-merge-broken: For Putting Complete Rewrites Back Together
+------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 This transformation is used to merge filepairs broken by
 diffcore-break, and not transformed into rename/copy by
@@ -288,4 +288,4 @@ link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/giteveryday.txt b/Documentation/giteveryday.txt
index 7be6e64846..9f2528fc8c 100644
--- a/Documentation/giteveryday.txt
+++ b/Documentation/giteveryday.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 giteveryday(7)
-===============
+==============
 
 NAME
 ----
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ commands in addition to the ones needed by participants.
 
 This section can also be used by those who respond to `git
 request-pull` or pull-request on GitHub (www.github.com) to
-integrate the work of others into their history. An sub-area
+integrate the work of others into their history. A sub-area
 lieutenant for a repository will act both as a participant and
 as an integrator.
 
@@ -307,9 +307,16 @@ master or exposed as a part of a stable branch.
 <9> backport a critical fix.
 <10> create a signed tag.
 <11> make sure master was not accidentally rewound beyond that
-already pushed out.  `ko` shorthand points at the Git maintainer's
+already pushed out.
+<12> In the output from `git show-branch`, `master` should have
+everything `ko/master` has, and `next` should have
+everything `ko/next` has, etc.
+<13> push out the bleeding edge, together with new tags that point
+into the pushed history.
+
+In this example, the `ko` shorthand points at the Git maintainer's
 repository at kernel.org, and looks like this:
-+
+
 ------------
 (in .git/config)
 [remote "ko"]
@@ -320,12 +327,6 @@ repository at kernel.org, and looks like this:
 	push = +refs/heads/pu
 	push = refs/heads/maint
 ------------
-+
-<12> In the output from `git show-branch`, `master` should have
-everything `ko/master` has, and `next` should have
-everything `ko/next` has, etc.
-<13> push out the bleeding edge, together with new tags that point
-into the pushed history.
 
 
 Repository Administration[[ADMINISTRATION]]
diff --git a/Documentation/gitglossary.txt b/Documentation/gitglossary.txt
index 212e254adc..571f640f5c 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitglossary.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitglossary.txt
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/githooks.txt b/Documentation/githooks.txt
index 7ba0ac965d..959044347e 100644
--- a/Documentation/githooks.txt
+++ b/Documentation/githooks.txt
@@ -7,24 +7,37 @@ githooks - Hooks used by Git
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-$GIT_DIR/hooks/*
+$GIT_DIR/hooks/* (or \`git config core.hooksPath`/*)
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-Hooks are little scripts you can place in `$GIT_DIR/hooks`
-directory to trigger action at certain points.  When
-'git init' is run, a handful of example hooks are copied into the
-`hooks` directory of the new repository, but by default they are
-all disabled.  To enable a hook, rename it by removing its `.sample`
-suffix.
+Hooks are programs you can place in a hooks directory to trigger
+actions at certain points in git's execution. Hooks that don't have
+the executable bit set are ignored.
 
-NOTE: It is also a requirement for a given hook to be executable.
-However - in a freshly initialized repository - the `.sample` files are
-executable by default.
+By default the hooks directory is `$GIT_DIR/hooks`, but that can be
+changed via the `core.hooksPath` configuration variable (see
+linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
-This document describes the currently defined hooks.
+Before Git invokes a hook, it changes its working directory to either
+$GIT_DIR in a bare repository or the root of the working tree in a non-bare
+repository. An exception are hooks triggered during a push ('pre-receive',
+'update', 'post-receive', 'post-update', 'push-to-checkout') which are always
+executed in $GIT_DIR.
+
+Hooks can get their arguments via the environment, command-line
+arguments, and stdin. See the documentation for each hook below for
+details.
+
+`git init` may copy hooks to the new repository, depending on its
+configuration. See the "TEMPLATE DIRECTORY" section in
+linkgit:git-init[1] for details. When the rest of this document refers
+to "default hooks" it's talking about the default template shipped
+with Git.
+
+The currently supported hooks are described below.
 
 HOOKS
 -----
@@ -32,15 +45,15 @@ HOOKS
 applypatch-msg
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-This hook is invoked by 'git am' script.  It takes a single
+This hook is invoked by linkgit:git-am[1].  It takes a single
 parameter, the name of the file that holds the proposed commit
-log message.  Exiting with non-zero status causes
-'git am' to abort before applying the patch.
+log message.  Exiting with a non-zero status causes `git am` to abort
+before applying the patch.
 
 The hook is allowed to edit the message file in place, and can
 be used to normalize the message into some project standard
-format (if the project has one). It can also be used to refuse
-the commit after inspecting the message file.
+format. It can also be used to refuse the commit after inspecting
+the message file.
 
 The default 'applypatch-msg' hook, when enabled, runs the
 'commit-msg' hook, if the latter is enabled.
@@ -48,7 +61,7 @@ The default 'applypatch-msg' hook, when enabled, runs the
 pre-applypatch
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-This hook is invoked by 'git am'.  It takes no parameter, and is
+This hook is invoked by linkgit:git-am[1].  It takes no parameter, and is
 invoked after the patch is applied, but before a commit is made.
 
 If it exits with non-zero status, then the working tree will not be
@@ -63,33 +76,33 @@ The default 'pre-applypatch' hook, when enabled, runs the
 post-applypatch
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-This hook is invoked by 'git am'.  It takes no parameter,
+This hook is invoked by linkgit:git-am[1].  It takes no parameter,
 and is invoked after the patch is applied and a commit is made.
 
 This hook is meant primarily for notification, and cannot affect
-the outcome of 'git am'.
+the outcome of `git am`.
 
 pre-commit
 ~~~~~~~~~~
 
-This hook is invoked by 'git commit', and can be bypassed
-with `--no-verify` option.  It takes no parameter, and is
+This hook is invoked by linkgit:git-commit[1], and can be bypassed
+with the `--no-verify` option.  It takes no parameters, and is
 invoked before obtaining the proposed commit log message and
-making a commit.  Exiting with non-zero status from this script
-causes the 'git commit' to abort.
+making a commit.  Exiting with a non-zero status from this script
+causes the `git commit` command to abort before creating a commit.
 
 The default 'pre-commit' hook, when enabled, catches introduction
 of lines with trailing whitespaces and aborts the commit when
 such a line is found.
 
-All the 'git commit' hooks are invoked with the environment
+All the `git commit` hooks are invoked with the environment
 variable `GIT_EDITOR=:` if the command will not bring up an editor
 to modify the commit message.
 
 prepare-commit-msg
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-This hook is invoked by 'git commit' right after preparing the
+This hook is invoked by linkgit:git-commit[1] right after preparing the
 default log message, and before the editor is started.
 
 It takes one to three parameters.  The first is the name of the file
@@ -101,29 +114,28 @@ commit is a merge or a `.git/MERGE_MSG` file exists); `squash`
 (if a `.git/SQUASH_MSG` file exists); or `commit`, followed by
 a commit SHA-1 (if a `-c`, `-C` or `--amend` option was given).
 
-If the exit status is non-zero, 'git commit' will abort.
+If the exit status is non-zero, `git commit` will abort.
 
 The purpose of the hook is to edit the message file in place, and
 it is not suppressed by the `--no-verify` option.  A non-zero exit
 means a failure of the hook and aborts the commit.  It should not
 be used as replacement for pre-commit hook.
 
-The sample `prepare-commit-msg` hook that comes with Git comments
-out the `Conflicts:` part of a merge's commit message.
+The sample `prepare-commit-msg` hook that comes with Git removes the
+help message found in the commented portion of the commit template.
 
 commit-msg
 ~~~~~~~~~~
 
-This hook is invoked by 'git commit', and can be bypassed
-with `--no-verify` option.  It takes a single parameter, the
-name of the file that holds the proposed commit log message.
-Exiting with non-zero status causes the 'git commit' to
-abort.
+This hook is invoked by linkgit:git-commit[1] and linkgit:git-merge[1], and can be
+bypassed with the `--no-verify` option.  It takes a single parameter,
+the name of the file that holds the proposed commit log message.
+Exiting with a non-zero status causes the command to abort.
 
-The hook is allowed to edit the message file in place, and can
-be used to normalize the message into some project standard
-format (if the project has one). It can also be used to refuse
-the commit after inspecting the message file.
+The hook is allowed to edit the message file in place, and can be used
+to normalize the message into some project standard format. It
+can also be used to refuse the commit after inspecting the message
+file.
 
 The default 'commit-msg' hook, when enabled, detects duplicate
 "Signed-off-by" lines, and aborts the commit if one is found.
@@ -131,16 +143,16 @@ The default 'commit-msg' hook, when enabled, detects duplicate
 post-commit
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-This hook is invoked by 'git commit'.  It takes no
-parameter, and is invoked after a commit is made.
+This hook is invoked by linkgit:git-commit[1]. It takes no parameters, and is
+invoked after a commit is made.
 
 This hook is meant primarily for notification, and cannot affect
-the outcome of 'git commit'.
+the outcome of `git commit`.
 
 pre-rebase
 ~~~~~~~~~~
 
-This hook is called by 'git rebase' and can be used to prevent a
+This hook is called by linkgit:git-rebase[1] and can be used to prevent a
 branch from getting rebased.  The hook may be called with one or
 two parameters.  The first parameter is the upstream from which
 the series was forked.  The second parameter is the branch being
@@ -149,16 +161,17 @@ rebased, and is not set when rebasing the current branch.
 post-checkout
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-This hook is invoked when a 'git checkout' is run after having updated the
+This hook is invoked when a linkgit:git-checkout[1] is run after having updated the
 worktree.  The hook is given three parameters: the ref of the previous HEAD,
 the ref of the new HEAD (which may or may not have changed), and a flag
 indicating whether the checkout was a branch checkout (changing branches,
 flag=1) or a file checkout (retrieving a file from the index, flag=0).
-This hook cannot affect the outcome of 'git checkout'.
+This hook cannot affect the outcome of `git checkout`.
 
-It is also run after 'git clone', unless the --no-checkout (-n) option is
+It is also run after linkgit:git-clone[1], unless the `--no-checkout` (`-n`) option is
 used. The first parameter given to the hook is the null-ref, the second the
-ref of the new HEAD and the flag is always 1.
+ref of the new HEAD and the flag is always 1. Likewise for `git worktree add`
+unless `--no-checkout` is used.
 
 This hook can be used to perform repository validity checks, auto-display
 differences from the previous HEAD if different, or set working dir metadata
@@ -167,10 +180,10 @@ properties.
 post-merge
 ~~~~~~~~~~
 
-This hook is invoked by 'git merge', which happens when a 'git pull'
+This hook is invoked by linkgit:git-merge[1], which happens when a `git pull`
 is done on a local repository.  The hook takes a single parameter, a status
 flag specifying whether or not the merge being done was a squash merge.
-This hook cannot affect the outcome of 'git merge' and is not executed,
+This hook cannot affect the outcome of `git merge` and is not executed,
 if the merge failed due to conflicts.
 
 This hook can be used in conjunction with a corresponding pre-commit hook to
@@ -181,10 +194,10 @@ for an example of how to do this.
 pre-push
 ~~~~~~~~
 
-This hook is called by 'git push' and can be used to prevent a push from taking
-place.  The hook is called with two parameters which provide the name and
-location of the destination remote, if a named remote is not being used both
-values will be the same.
+This hook is called by linkgit:git-push[1] and can be used to prevent
+a push from taking place.  The hook is called with two parameters
+which provide the name and location of the destination remote, if a
+named remote is not being used both values will be the same.
 
 Information about what is to be pushed is provided on the hook's standard
 input with lines of the form:
@@ -203,7 +216,7 @@ SHA-1>` will be 40 `0`.  If the local commit was specified by something other
 than a name which could be expanded (such as `HEAD~`, or a SHA-1) it will be
 supplied as it was originally given.
 
-If this hook exits with a non-zero status, 'git push' will abort without
+If this hook exits with a non-zero status, `git push` will abort without
 pushing anything.  Information about why the push is rejected may be sent
 to the user by writing to standard error.
 
@@ -211,8 +224,8 @@ to the user by writing to standard error.
 pre-receive
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-This hook is invoked by 'git-receive-pack' on the remote repository,
-which happens when a 'git push' is done on a local repository.
+This hook is invoked by linkgit:git-receive-pack[1] when it reacts to
+`git push` and updates reference(s) in its repository.
 Just before starting to update refs on the remote repository, the
 pre-receive hook is invoked.  Its exit status determines the success
 or failure of the update.
@@ -233,15 +246,27 @@ updated. If the hook exits with zero, updating of individual refs can
 still be prevented by the <<update,'update'>> hook.
 
 Both standard output and standard error output are forwarded to
-'git send-pack' on the other end, so you can simply `echo` messages
+`git send-pack` on the other end, so you can simply `echo` messages
 for the user.
 
+The number of push options given on the command line of
+`git push --push-option=...` can be read from the environment
+variable `GIT_PUSH_OPTION_COUNT`, and the options themselves are
+found in `GIT_PUSH_OPTION_0`, `GIT_PUSH_OPTION_1`,...
+If it is negotiated to not use the push options phase, the
+environment variables will not be set. If the client selects
+to use push options, but doesn't transmit any, the count variable
+will be set to zero, `GIT_PUSH_OPTION_COUNT=0`.
+
+See the section on "Quarantine Environment" in
+linkgit:git-receive-pack[1] for some caveats.
+
 [[update]]
 update
 ~~~~~~
 
-This hook is invoked by 'git-receive-pack' on the remote repository,
-which happens when a 'git push' is done on a local repository.
+This hook is invoked by linkgit:git-receive-pack[1] when it reacts to
+`git push` and updates reference(s) in its repository.
 Just before updating the ref on the remote repository, the update hook
 is invoked.  Its exit status determines the success or failure of
 the ref update.
@@ -254,7 +279,7 @@ three parameters:
  - and the new object name to be stored in the ref.
 
 A zero exit from the update hook allows the ref to be updated.
-Exiting with a non-zero status prevents 'git-receive-pack'
+Exiting with a non-zero status prevents `git receive-pack`
 from updating that ref.
 
 This hook can be used to prevent 'forced' update on certain refs by
@@ -267,12 +292,14 @@ does not know the entire set of branches, so it would end up
 firing one e-mail per ref when used naively, though.  The
 <<post-receive,'post-receive'>> hook is more suited to that.
 
-Another use suggested on the mailing list is to use this hook to
-implement access control which is finer grained than the one
-based on filesystem group.
+In an environment that restricts the users' access only to git
+commands over the wire, this hook can be used to implement access
+control without relying on filesystem ownership and group
+membership. See linkgit:git-shell[1] for how you might use the login
+shell to restrict the user's access to only git commands.
 
 Both standard output and standard error output are forwarded to
-'git send-pack' on the other end, so you can simply `echo` messages
+`git send-pack` on the other end, so you can simply `echo` messages
 for the user.
 
 The default 'update' hook, when enabled--and with
@@ -283,8 +310,8 @@ unannotated tags to be pushed.
 post-receive
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-This hook is invoked by 'git-receive-pack' on the remote repository,
-which happens when a 'git push' is done on a local repository.
+This hook is invoked by linkgit:git-receive-pack[1] when it reacts to
+`git push` and updates reference(s) in its repository.
 It executes on the remote repository once after all the refs have
 been updated.
 
@@ -293,7 +320,7 @@ arguments, but gets the same information as the
 <<pre-receive,'pre-receive'>>
 hook does on its standard input.
 
-This hook does not affect the outcome of 'git-receive-pack', as it
+This hook does not affect the outcome of `git receive-pack`, as it
 is called after the real work is done.
 
 This supersedes the <<post-update,'post-update'>> hook in that it gets
@@ -301,7 +328,7 @@ both old and new values of all the refs in addition to their
 names.
 
 Both standard output and standard error output are forwarded to
-'git send-pack' on the other end, so you can simply `echo` messages
+`git send-pack` on the other end, so you can simply `echo` messages
 for the user.
 
 The default 'post-receive' hook is empty, but there is
@@ -309,12 +336,21 @@ a sample script `post-receive-email` provided in the `contrib/hooks`
 directory in Git distribution, which implements sending commit
 emails.
 
+The number of push options given on the command line of
+`git push --push-option=...` can be read from the environment
+variable `GIT_PUSH_OPTION_COUNT`, and the options themselves are
+found in `GIT_PUSH_OPTION_0`, `GIT_PUSH_OPTION_1`,...
+If it is negotiated to not use the push options phase, the
+environment variables will not be set. If the client selects
+to use push options, but doesn't transmit any, the count variable
+will be set to zero, `GIT_PUSH_OPTION_COUNT=0`.
+
 [[post-update]]
 post-update
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-This hook is invoked by 'git-receive-pack' on the remote repository,
-which happens when a 'git push' is done on a local repository.
+This hook is invoked by linkgit:git-receive-pack[1] when it reacts to
+`git push` and updates reference(s) in its repository.
 It executes on the remote repository once after all the refs have
 been updated.
 
@@ -322,7 +358,7 @@ It takes a variable number of parameters, each of which is the
 name of ref that was actually updated.
 
 This hook is meant primarily for notification, and cannot affect
-the outcome of 'git-receive-pack'.
+the outcome of `git receive-pack`.
 
 The 'post-update' hook can tell what are the heads that were pushed,
 but it does not know what their original and updated values are,
@@ -332,20 +368,20 @@ updated values of the refs. You might consider it instead if you need
 them.
 
 When enabled, the default 'post-update' hook runs
-'git update-server-info' to keep the information used by dumb
-transports (e.g., HTTP) up-to-date.  If you are publishing
+`git update-server-info` to keep the information used by dumb
+transports (e.g., HTTP) up to date.  If you are publishing
 a Git repository that is accessible via HTTP, you should
 probably enable this hook.
 
 Both standard output and standard error output are forwarded to
-'git send-pack' on the other end, so you can simply `echo` messages
+`git send-pack` on the other end, so you can simply `echo` messages
 for the user.
 
 push-to-checkout
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-This hook is invoked by 'git-receive-pack' on the remote repository,
-which happens when a 'git push' is done on a local repository, when
+This hook is invoked by linkgit:git-receive-pack[1] when it reacts to
+`git push` and updates reference(s) in its repository, and when
 the push tries to update the branch that is currently checked out
 and the `receive.denyCurrentBranch` configuration variable is set to
 `updateInstead`.  Such a push by default is refused if the working
@@ -364,8 +400,8 @@ when the tip of the current branch is updated to the new commit, and
 exit with a zero status.
 
 For example, the hook can simply run `git read-tree -u -m HEAD "$1"`
-in order to emulate 'git fetch' that is run in the reverse direction
-with `git push`, as the two-tree form of `read-tree -u -m` is
+in order to emulate `git fetch` that is run in the reverse direction
+with `git push`, as the two-tree form of `git read-tree -u -m` is
 essentially the same as `git checkout` that switches branches while
 keeping the local changes in the working tree that do not interfere
 with the difference between the branches.
@@ -374,15 +410,16 @@ with the difference between the branches.
 pre-auto-gc
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-This hook is invoked by 'git gc --auto'. It takes no parameter, and
-exiting with non-zero status from this script causes the 'git gc --auto'
-to abort.
+This hook is invoked by `git gc --auto` (see linkgit:git-gc[1]). It
+takes no parameter, and exiting with non-zero status from this script
+causes the `git gc --auto` to abort.
 
 post-rewrite
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-This hook is invoked by commands that rewrite commits (`git commit
---amend`, 'git-rebase'; currently 'git-filter-branch' does 'not' call
+This hook is invoked by commands that rewrite commits
+(linkgit:git-commit[1] when called with `--amend` and
+linkgit:git-rebase[1]; currently `git filter-branch` does 'not' call
 it!).  Its first argument denotes the command it was invoked by:
 currently one of `amend` or `rebase`.  Further command-dependent
 arguments may be passed in the future.
@@ -397,7 +434,7 @@ preceding SP is also omitted.  Currently, no commands pass any
 'extra-info'.
 
 The hook always runs after the automatic note copying (see
-"notes.rewrite.<command>" in linkgit:git-config.txt[1]) has happened, and
+"notes.rewrite.<command>" in linkgit:git-config[1]) has happened, and
 thus has access to these notes.
 
 The following command-specific comments apply:
@@ -411,6 +448,49 @@ rebase::
 The commits are guaranteed to be listed in the order that they were
 processed by rebase.
 
+sendemail-validate
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This hook is invoked by linkgit:git-send-email[1].  It takes a single parameter,
+the name of the file that holds the e-mail to be sent.  Exiting with a
+non-zero status causes `git send-email` to abort before sending any
+e-mails.
+
+fsmonitor-watchman
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This hook is invoked when the configuration option `core.fsmonitor` is
+set to `.git/hooks/fsmonitor-watchman`.  It takes two arguments, a version
+(currently 1) and the time in elapsed nanoseconds since midnight,
+January 1, 1970.
+
+The hook should output to stdout the list of all files in the working
+directory that may have changed since the requested time.  The logic
+should be inclusive so that it does not miss any potential changes.
+The paths should be relative to the root of the working directory
+and be separated by a single NUL.
+
+It is OK to include files which have not actually changed.  All changes
+including newly-created and deleted files should be included. When
+files are renamed, both the old and the new name should be included.
+
+Git will limit what files it checks for changes as well as which
+directories are checked for untracked files based on the path names
+given.
+
+An optimized way to tell git "all files have changed" is to return
+the filename `/`.
+
+The exit status determines whether git will use the data from the
+hook to limit its search.  On error, it will fall back to verifying
+all files and folders.
+
+p4-pre-submit
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This hook is invoked by `git-p4 submit`. It takes no parameters and nothing
+from standard input. Exiting with non-zero status from this script prevent
+`git-p4 submit` from launching. Run `git-p4 submit --help` for details.
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/gitignore.txt b/Documentation/gitignore.txt
index 4fd04423e9..d107daaffd 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitignore.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitignore.txt
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ gitignore - Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-$HOME/.config/git/ignore, $GIT_DIR/info/exclude, .gitignore
+$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/ignore, $GIT_DIR/info/exclude, .gitignore
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ precedence, the last matching pattern decides the outcome):
  * Patterns read from `$GIT_DIR/info/exclude`.
 
  * Patterns read from the file specified by the configuration
-   variable 'core.excludesfile'.
+   variable `core.excludesFile`.
 
 Which file to place a pattern in depends on how the pattern is meant to
 be used.
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ be used.
  * Patterns which a user wants Git to
    ignore in all situations (e.g., backup or temporary files generated by
    the user's editor of choice) generally go into a file specified by
-   `core.excludesfile` in the user's `~/.gitconfig`. Its default value is
+   `core.excludesFile` in the user's `~/.gitconfig`. Its default value is
    $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/ignore. If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is either not set or
    empty, $HOME/.config/git/ignore is used instead.
 
@@ -102,12 +102,11 @@ PATTERN FORMAT
    (relative to the toplevel of the work tree if not from a
    `.gitignore` file).
 
- - Otherwise, Git treats the pattern as a shell glob suitable
-   for consumption by fnmatch(3) with the FNM_PATHNAME flag:
-   wildcards in the pattern will not match a / in the pathname.
-   For example, "Documentation/{asterisk}.html" matches
-   "Documentation/git.html" but not "Documentation/ppc/ppc.html"
-   or "tools/perf/Documentation/perf.html".
+ - Otherwise, Git treats the pattern as a shell glob: "`*`" matches
+   anything except "`/`", "`?`" matches any one character except "`/`"
+   and "`[]`" matches one character in a selected range. See
+   fnmatch(3) and the FNM_PATHNAME flag for a more detailed
+   description.
 
  - A leading slash matches the beginning of the pathname.
    For example, "/{asterisk}.c" matches "cat-file.c" but not
diff --git a/Documentation/gitk.txt b/Documentation/gitk.txt
index 7ae50aa26a..244cd01493 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitk.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitk.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ gitk - The Git repository browser
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'gitk' [<options>] [<revision range>] [\--] [<path>...]
+'gitk' [<options>] [<revision range>] [--] [<path>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ linkgit:git-rev-list[1] for a complete list.
 
 --left-right::
 
-	Mark which side of a symmetric diff a commit is reachable
+	Mark which side of a symmetric difference a commit is reachable
 	from.  Commits from the left side are prefixed with a `<`
 	symbol and those from the right with a `>` symbol.
 
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ linkgit:git-rev-list[1] for a complete list.
 
 --simplify-merges::
 
-	Additional option to '--full-history' to remove some needless
+	Additional option to `--full-history` to remove some needless
 	merges from the resulting history, as there are no selected
 	commits contributing to this merge.  (See "History
 	simplification" in linkgit:git-log[1] for a more detailed
@@ -99,10 +99,10 @@ linkgit:git-rev-list[1] for a complete list.
 	detailed explanation.)
 
 -L<start>,<end>:<file>::
--L:<regex>:<file>::
+-L:<funcname>:<file>::
 
 	Trace the evolution of the line range given by "<start>,<end>"
-	(or the funcname regex <regex>) within the <file>.  You may
+	(or the function name regex <funcname>) within the <file>.  You may
 	not give any pathspec limiters.  This is currently limited to
 	a walk starting from a single revision, i.e., you may only
 	give zero or one positive revision arguments.
@@ -178,19 +178,21 @@ used by default. If '$XDG_CONFIG_HOME' is not set it defaults to
 History
 -------
 Gitk was the first graphical repository browser. It's written in
-tcl/tk and started off in a separate repository but was later merged
-into the main Git repository.
+tcl/tk.
 
+'gitk' is actually maintained as an independent project, but stable
+versions are distributed as part of the Git suite for the convenience
+of end users.
+
+gitk-git/ comes from Paul Mackerras's gitk project:
+
+	git://ozlabs.org/~paulus/gitk
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 'qgit(1)'::
 	A repository browser written in C++ using Qt.
 
-'gitview(1)'::
-	A repository browser written in Python using Gtk. It's based on
-	'bzrk(1)' and distributed in the contrib area of the Git repository.
-
 'tig(1)'::
 	A minimal repository browser and Git tool output highlighter written
 	in C using Ncurses.
diff --git a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
index ac70eca321..4d63def206 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ gitmodules(5)
 
 NAME
 ----
-gitmodules - defining submodule properties
+gitmodules - Defining submodule properties
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ of linkgit:git-config[1].
 
 The file contains one subsection per submodule, and the subsection value
 is the name of the submodule. The name is set to the path where the
-submodule has been added unless it was customized with the '--name'
+submodule has been added unless it was customized with the `--name`
 option of 'git submodule add'. Each submodule section also contains the
 following required keys:
 
@@ -50,8 +50,11 @@ submodule.<name>.update::
 
 submodule.<name>.branch::
 	A remote branch name for tracking updates in the upstream submodule.
-	If the option is not specified, it defaults to 'master'.  See the
-	`--remote` documentation in linkgit:git-submodule[1] for details.
+	If the option is not specified, it defaults to 'master'.  A special
+	value of `.` is used to indicate that the name of the branch in the
+	submodule should be the same name as the current branch in the
+	current repository.  See the `--remote` documentation in
+	linkgit:git-submodule[1] for details.
 
 submodule.<name>.fetchRecurseSubmodules::
 	This option can be used to control recursive fetching of this
@@ -63,22 +66,36 @@ submodule.<name>.fetchRecurseSubmodules::
 
 submodule.<name>.ignore::
 	Defines under what circumstances "git status" and the diff family show
-	a submodule as modified. When set to "all", it will never be considered
-	modified (but will nonetheless show up in the output of status and
-	commit when it has been staged), "dirty" will ignore all changes
-	to the submodules work tree and
-	takes only differences between the HEAD of the submodule and the commit
-	recorded in the superproject into account. "untracked" will additionally
-	let submodules with modified tracked files in their work tree show up.
-	Using "none" (the default when this option is not set) also shows
-	submodules that have untracked files in their work tree as changed.
-	If this option is also present in the submodules entry in .git/config of
-	the superproject, the setting there will override the one found in
+	a submodule as modified. The following values are supported:
+
+	all;; The submodule will never be considered modified (but will
+	    nonetheless show up in the output of status and commit when it has
+	    been staged).
+
+	dirty;; All changes to the submodule's work tree will be ignored, only
+	    committed differences between the HEAD of the submodule and its
+	    recorded state in the superproject are taken into account.
+
+	untracked;; Only untracked files in submodules will be ignored.
+	    Committed differences and modifications to tracked files will show
+	    up.
+
+	none;; No modifiations to submodules are ignored, all of committed
+	    differences, and modifications to tracked and untracked files are
+	    shown. This is the default option.
+
+	If this option is also present in the submodules entry in .git/config
+	of the superproject, the setting there will override the one found in
 	.gitmodules.
 	Both settings can be overridden on the command line by using the
 	"--ignore-submodule" option. The 'git submodule' commands are not
 	affected by this setting.
 
+submodule.<name>.shallow::
+	When set to true, a clone of this submodule will be performed as a
+	shallow clone (with a history depth of 1) unless the user explicitly
+	asks for a non-shallow clone.
+
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt b/Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt
index 7685e3651a..b614969ad2 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt
@@ -61,22 +61,4 @@ For a simple local test, you can use linkgit:git-remote-ext[1]:
 git clone ext::'git --namespace=foo %s /tmp/prefixed.git'
 ----------
 
-SECURITY
---------
-
-Anyone with access to any namespace within a repository can potentially
-access objects from any other namespace stored in the same repository.
-You can't directly say "give me object ABCD" if you don't have a ref to
-it, but you can do some other sneaky things like:
-
-. Claiming to push ABCD, at which point the server will optimize out the
-  need for you to actually send it. Now you have a ref to ABCD and can
-  fetch it (claiming not to have it, of course).
-
-. Requesting other refs, claiming that you have ABCD, at which point the
-  server may generate deltas against ABCD.
-
-None of this causes a problem if you only host public repositories, or
-if everyone who may read one namespace may also read everything in every
-other namespace (for instance, if everyone in an organization has read
-permission to every repository).
+include::transfer-data-leaks.txt[]
diff --git a/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt b/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt
index 8edf72cf53..9d1459aac6 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ arguments. The first argument specifies a remote repository as in Git;
 it is either the name of a configured remote or a URL. The second
 argument specifies a URL; it is usually of the form
 '<transport>://<address>', but any arbitrary string is possible.
-The 'GIT_DIR' environment variable is set up for the remote helper
+The `GIT_DIR` environment variable is set up for the remote helper
 and can be used to determine where to store additional data or from
 which directory to invoke auxiliary Git commands.
 
@@ -61,10 +61,10 @@ argument. If such a URL is encountered directly on the command line,
 the first argument is '<address>', and if it is encountered in a
 configured remote, the first argument is the name of that remote.
 
-Additionally, when a configured remote has 'remote.<name>.vcs' set to
+Additionally, when a configured remote has `remote.<name>.vcs` set to
 '<transport>', Git explicitly invokes 'git remote-<transport>' with
 '<name>' as the first argument. If set, the second argument is
-'remote.<name>.url'; otherwise, the second argument is omitted.
+`remote.<name>.url`; otherwise, the second argument is omitted.
 
 INPUT FORMAT
 ------------
@@ -102,6 +102,14 @@ Capabilities for Pushing
 +
 Supported commands: 'connect'.
 
+'stateless-connect'::
+	Experimental; for internal use only.
+	Can attempt to connect to a remote server for communication
+	using git's wire-protocol version 2.  See the documentation
+	for the stateless-connect command for more information.
++
+Supported commands: 'stateless-connect'.
+
 'push'::
 	Can discover remote refs and push local commits and the
 	history leading up to them to new or existing remote refs.
@@ -136,6 +144,14 @@ Capabilities for Fetching
 +
 Supported commands: 'connect'.
 
+'stateless-connect'::
+	Experimental; for internal use only.
+	Can attempt to connect to a remote server for communication
+	using git's wire-protocol version 2.  See the documentation
+	for the stateless-connect command for more information.
++
+Supported commands: 'stateless-connect'.
+
 'fetch'::
 	Can discover remote refs and transfer objects reachable from
 	them to the local object store.
@@ -210,17 +226,17 @@ the remote repository.
 'export-marks' <file>::
 	This modifies the 'export' capability, instructing Git to dump the
 	internal marks table to <file> when complete. For details,
-	read up on '--export-marks=<file>' in linkgit:git-fast-export[1].
+	read up on `--export-marks=<file>` in linkgit:git-fast-export[1].
 
 'import-marks' <file>::
 	This modifies the 'export' capability, instructing Git to load the
 	marks specified in <file> before processing any input. For details,
-	read up on '--import-marks=<file>' in linkgit:git-fast-export[1].
+	read up on `--import-marks=<file>` in linkgit:git-fast-export[1].
 
 'signed-tags'::
 	This modifies the 'export' capability, instructing Git to pass
-	'--signed-tags=verbatim' to linkgit:git-fast-export[1].  In the
-	absence of this capability, Git will use '--signed-tags=warn-strip'.
+	`--signed-tags=verbatim` to linkgit:git-fast-export[1].  In the
+	absence of this capability, Git will use `--signed-tags=warn-strip`.
 
 
 
@@ -298,7 +314,7 @@ Supported if the helper has the "fetch" capability.
 	is followed by a blank line). For example, the following would
 	be two batches of 'push', the first asking the remote-helper
 	to push the local ref 'master' to the remote ref 'master' and
-	the local 'HEAD' to the remote 'branch', and the second
+	the local `HEAD` to the remote 'branch', and the second
 	asking to push ref 'foo' to ref 'bar' (forced update requested
 	by the '+').
 +
@@ -375,6 +391,22 @@ Supported if the helper has the "export" capability.
 +
 Supported if the helper has the "connect" capability.
 
+'stateless-connect' <service>::
+	Experimental; for internal use only.
+	Connects to the given remote service for communication using
+	git's wire-protocol version 2.  Valid replies to this command
+	are empty line (connection established), 'fallback' (no smart
+	transport support, fall back to dumb transports) and just
+	exiting with error message printed (can't connect, don't bother
+	trying to fall back).  After line feed terminating the positive
+	(empty) response, the output of the service starts.  Messages
+	(both request and response) must consist of zero or more
+	PKT-LINEs, terminating in a flush packet. The client must not
+	expect the server to store any state in between request-response
+	pairs.  After the connection ends, the remote helper exits.
++
+Supported if the helper has the "stateless-connect" capability.
+
 If a fatal error occurs, the program writes the error message to
 stderr and exits. The caller should expect that a suitable error
 message has been printed if the child closes the connection without
@@ -408,14 +440,25 @@ set by Git if the remote helper has the 'option' capability.
 	of <n> correspond to the number of -v flags passed on the
 	command line.
 
-'option progress' \{'true'|'false'\}::
+'option progress' {'true'|'false'}::
 	Enables (or disables) progress messages displayed by the
 	transport helper during a command.
 
 'option depth' <depth>::
 	Deepens the history of a shallow repository.
 
-'option followtags' \{'true'|'false'\}::
+'option deepen-since <timestamp>::
+	Deepens the history of a shallow repository based on time.
+
+'option deepen-not <ref>::
+	Deepens the history of a shallow repository excluding ref.
+	Multiple options add up.
+
+'option deepen-relative {'true'|'false'}::
+	Deepens the history of a shallow repository relative to
+	current boundary. Only valid when used with "option depth".
+
+'option followtags' {'true'|'false'}::
 	If enabled the helper should automatically fetch annotated
 	tag objects if the object the tag points at was transferred
 	during the fetch command.  If the tag is not fetched by
@@ -423,7 +466,7 @@ set by Git if the remote helper has the 'option' capability.
 	ask for the tag specifically.  Some helpers may be able to
 	use this option to avoid a second network connection.
 
-'option dry-run' \{'true'|'false'\}:
+'option dry-run' {'true'|'false'}:
 	If true, pretend the operation completed successfully,
 	but don't actually change any repository data.	For most
 	helpers this only applies to the 'push', if supported.
@@ -434,20 +477,34 @@ set by Git if the remote helper has the 'option' capability.
 	must not rely on this option being set before
 	connect request occurs.
 
-'option check-connectivity' \{'true'|'false'\}::
+'option check-connectivity' {'true'|'false'}::
 	Request the helper to check connectivity of a clone.
 
-'option force' \{'true'|'false'\}::
+'option force' {'true'|'false'}::
 	Request the helper to perform a force update.  Defaults to
 	'false'.
 
-'option cloning \{'true'|'false'\}::
+'option cloning' {'true'|'false'}::
 	Notify the helper this is a clone request (i.e. the current
 	repository is guaranteed empty).
 
-'option update-shallow \{'true'|'false'\}::
+'option update-shallow' {'true'|'false'}::
 	Allow to extend .git/shallow if the new refs require it.
 
+'option pushcert' {'true'|'false'}::
+	GPG sign pushes.
+
+'option push-option <string>::
+	Transmit <string> as a push option. As the push option
+	must not contain LF or NUL characters, the string is not encoded.
+
+'option from-promisor' {'true'|'false'}::
+	Indicate that these objects are being fetched from a promisor.
+
+'option no-dependents' {'true'|'false'}::
+	Indicate that only the objects wanted need to be fetched, not
+	their dependents.
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-remote[1]
diff --git a/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt b/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt
index 79653f3134..e85148f05e 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt
@@ -46,6 +46,9 @@ of incomplete object store is not suitable to be published for
 use with dumb transports but otherwise is OK as long as
 `objects/info/alternates` points at the object stores it
 borrows from.
++
+This directory is ignored if $GIT_COMMON_DIR is set and
+"$GIT_COMMON_DIR/objects" will be used instead.
 
 objects/[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]::
 	A newly created object is stored in its own file.
@@ -68,7 +71,7 @@ objects/info/packs::
 	This file is to help dumb transports discover what packs
 	are available in this object store.  Whenever a pack is
 	added or removed, `git update-server-info` should be run
-	to keep this file up-to-date if the repository is
+	to keep this file up to date if the repository is
 	published for dumb transports.  'git repack' does this
 	by default.
 
@@ -92,7 +95,8 @@ refs::
 	References are stored in subdirectories of this
 	directory.  The 'git prune' command knows to preserve
 	objects reachable from refs found in this directory and
-	its subdirectories.
+	its subdirectories. This directory is ignored if $GIT_COMMON_DIR
+	is set and "$GIT_COMMON_DIR/refs" will be used instead.
 
 refs/heads/`name`::
 	records tip-of-the-tree commit objects of branch `name`
@@ -114,7 +118,8 @@ refs/replace/`<obj-sha1>`::
 packed-refs::
 	records the same information as refs/heads/, refs/tags/,
 	and friends record in a more efficient way.  See
-	linkgit:git-pack-refs[1].
+	linkgit:git-pack-refs[1]. This file is ignored if $GIT_COMMON_DIR
+	is set and "$GIT_COMMON_DIR/packed-refs" will be used instead.
 
 HEAD::
 	A symref (see glossary) to the `refs/heads/` namespace
@@ -133,6 +138,11 @@ being a symref to point at the current branch.  Such a state
 is often called 'detached HEAD.'  See linkgit:git-checkout[1]
 for details.
 
+config::
+	Repository specific configuration file. This file is ignored
+	if $GIT_COMMON_DIR is set and "$GIT_COMMON_DIR/config" will be
+	used instead.
+
 branches::
 	A slightly deprecated way to store shorthands to be used
 	to specify a URL to 'git fetch', 'git pull' and 'git push'.
@@ -140,7 +150,10 @@ branches::
 	'name' can be given to these commands in place of
 	'repository' argument.  See the REMOTES section in
 	linkgit:git-fetch[1] for details.  This mechanism is legacy
-	and not likely to be found in modern repositories.
+	and not likely to be found in modern repositories. This
+	directory is ignored if $GIT_COMMON_DIR is set and
+	"$GIT_COMMON_DIR/branches" will be used instead.
+
 
 hooks::
 	Hooks are customization scripts used by various Git
@@ -149,7 +162,9 @@ hooks::
 	default.  To enable, the `.sample` suffix has to be
 	removed from the filename by renaming.
 	Read linkgit:githooks[5] for more details about
-	each hook.
+	each hook. This directory is ignored if $GIT_COMMON_DIR is set
+	and "$GIT_COMMON_DIR/hooks" will be used instead.
+
 
 index::
 	The current index file for the repository.  It is
@@ -161,7 +176,8 @@ sharedindex.<SHA-1>::
 
 info::
 	Additional information about the repository is recorded
-	in this directory.
+	in this directory. This directory is ignored if $GIT_COMMON_DIR
+	is set and "$GIT_COMMON_DIR/info" will be used instead.
 
 info/refs::
 	This file helps dumb transports discover what refs are
@@ -192,6 +208,10 @@ info/exclude::
 	'git clean' look at it but the core Git commands do not look
 	at it.  See also: linkgit:gitignore[5].
 
+info/attributes::
+	Defines which attributes to assign to a path, similar to per-directory
+	`.gitattributes` files.   See also: linkgit:gitattributes[5].
+
 info/sparse-checkout::
 	This file stores sparse checkout patterns.
 	See also: linkgit:git-read-tree[1].
@@ -201,12 +221,15 @@ remotes::
 	when interacting with remote repositories via 'git fetch',
 	'git pull' and 'git push' commands.  See the REMOTES section
 	in linkgit:git-fetch[1] for details.  This mechanism is legacy
-	and not likely to be found in modern repositories.
+	and not likely to be found in modern repositories. This
+	directory is ignored if $GIT_COMMON_DIR is set and
+	"$GIT_COMMON_DIR/remotes" will be used instead.
 
 logs::
-	Records of changes made to refs are stored in this
-	directory.  See linkgit:git-update-ref[1]
-	for more information.
+	Records of changes made to refs are stored in this directory.
+	See linkgit:git-update-ref[1] for more information. This
+	directory is ignored if $GIT_COMMON_DIR is set and
+	"$GIT_COMMON_DIR/logs" will be used instead.
 
 logs/refs/heads/`name`::
 	Records all changes made to the branch tip named `name`.
@@ -217,11 +240,41 @@ logs/refs/tags/`name`::
 shallow::
 	This is similar to `info/grafts` but is internally used
 	and maintained by shallow clone mechanism.  See `--depth`
-	option to linkgit:git-clone[1] and linkgit:git-fetch[1].
+	option to linkgit:git-clone[1] and linkgit:git-fetch[1]. This
+	file is ignored if $GIT_COMMON_DIR is set and
+	"$GIT_COMMON_DIR/shallow" will be used instead.
+
+commondir::
+	If this file exists, $GIT_COMMON_DIR (see linkgit:git[1]) will
+	be set to the path specified in this file if it is not
+	explicitly set. If the specified path is relative, it is
+	relative to $GIT_DIR. The repository with commondir is
+	incomplete without the repository pointed by "commondir".
 
 modules::
 	Contains the git-repositories of the submodules.
 
+worktrees::
+	Contains administrative data for linked
+	working trees. Each subdirectory contains the working tree-related
+	part of a linked working tree. This directory is ignored if
+	$GIT_COMMON_DIR is set, in which case
+	"$GIT_COMMON_DIR/worktrees" will be used instead.
+
+worktrees/<id>/gitdir::
+	A text file containing the absolute path back to the .git file
+	that points to here. This is used to check if the linked
+	repository has been manually removed and there is no need to
+	keep this directory any more. The mtime of this file should be
+	updated every time the linked repository is accessed.
+
+worktrees/<id>/locked::
+	If this file exists, the linked working tree may be on a
+	portable device and not available. The presence of this file
+	prevents `worktrees/<id>` from being pruned either automatically
+	or manually by `git worktree prune`. The file may contain a string
+	explaining why the repository is locked.
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-init[1],
@@ -235,4 +288,4 @@ link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gitrevisions.txt b/Documentation/gitrevisions.txt
index c0ed6d1925..1f6cceaefb 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitrevisions.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitrevisions.txt
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 gitrevisions(7)
-================
+===============
 
 NAME
 ----
-gitrevisions - specifying revisions and ranges for Git
+gitrevisions - Specifying revisions and ranges for Git
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ DESCRIPTION
 
 Many Git commands take revision parameters as arguments. Depending on
 the command, they denote a specific commit or, for commands which
-walk the revision graph (such as linkgit:git-log[1]), all commits which can
-be reached from that commit. In the latter case one can also specify a
-range of revisions explicitly.
+walk the revision graph (such as linkgit:git-log[1]), all commits which are
+reachable from that commit. For commands that walk the revision graph one can
+also specify a range of revisions explicitly.
 
 In addition, some Git commands (such as linkgit:git-show[1]) also take
 revision parameters which denote other objects than commits, e.g. blobs
diff --git a/Documentation/gitsubmodules.txt b/Documentation/gitsubmodules.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..504c5f1a88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/gitsubmodules.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+gitsubmodules(7)
+================
+
+NAME
+----
+gitsubmodules - mounting one repository inside another
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+ .gitmodules, $GIT_DIR/config
+------------------
+git submodule
+git <command> --recurse-submodules
+------------------
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+A submodule is a repository embedded inside another repository.
+The submodule has its own history; the repository it is embedded
+in is called a superproject.
+
+On the filesystem, a submodule usually (but not always - see FORMS below)
+consists of (i) a Git directory located under the `$GIT_DIR/modules/`
+directory of its superproject, (ii) a working directory inside the
+superproject's working directory, and a `.git` file at the root of
+the submodule's working directory pointing to (i).
+
+Assuming the submodule has a Git directory at `$GIT_DIR/modules/foo/`
+and a working directory at `path/to/bar/`, the superproject tracks the
+submodule via a `gitlink` entry in the tree at `path/to/bar` and an entry
+in its `.gitmodules` file (see linkgit:gitmodules[5]) of the form
+`submodule.foo.path = path/to/bar`.
+
+The `gitlink` entry contains the object name of the commit that the
+superproject expects the submodule's working directory to be at.
+
+The section `submodule.foo.*` in the `.gitmodules` file gives additional
+hints to Git's porcelain layer. For example, the `submodule.foo.url`
+setting specifies where to obtain the submodule.
+
+Submodules can be used for at least two different use cases:
+
+1. Using another project while maintaining independent history.
+  Submodules allow you to contain the working tree of another project
+  within your own working tree while keeping the history of both
+  projects separate. Also, since submodules are fixed to an arbitrary
+  version, the other project can be independently developed without
+  affecting the superproject, allowing the superproject project to
+  fix itself to new versions only when desired.
+
+2. Splitting a (logically single) project into multiple
+   repositories and tying them back together. This can be used to
+   overcome current limitations of Git's implementation to have
+   finer grained access:
+
+    * Size of the Git repository:
+      In its current form Git scales up poorly for large repositories containing
+      content that is not compressed by delta computation between trees.
+      For example, you can use submodules to hold large binary assets
+      and these repositories can be shallowly cloned such that you do not
+      have a large history locally.
+    * Transfer size:
+      In its current form Git requires the whole working tree present. It
+      does not allow partial trees to be transferred in fetch or clone.
+      If the project you work on consists of multiple repositories tied
+      together as submodules in a superproject, you can avoid fetching the
+      working trees of the repositories you are not interested in.
+    * Access control:
+      By restricting user access to submodules, this can be used to implement
+      read/write policies for different users.
+
+The configuration of submodules
+-------------------------------
+
+Submodule operations can be configured using the following mechanisms
+(from highest to lowest precedence):
+
+ * The command line for those commands that support taking submodules
+   as part of their pathspecs. Most commands have a boolean flag
+   `--recurse-submodules` which specify whether to recurse into submodules.
+   Examples are `grep` and `checkout`.
+   Some commands take enums, such as `fetch` and `push`, where you can
+   specify how submodules are affected.
+
+ * The configuration inside the submodule. This includes `$GIT_DIR/config`
+   in the submodule, but also settings in the tree such as a `.gitattributes`
+   or `.gitignore` files that specify behavior of commands inside the
+   submodule.
++
+For example an effect from the submodule's `.gitignore` file
+would be observed when you run `git status --ignore-submodules=none` in
+the superproject. This collects information from the submodule's working
+directory by running `status` in the submodule while paying attention
+to the `.gitignore` file of the submodule.
++
+The submodule's `$GIT_DIR/config` file would come into play when running
+`git push --recurse-submodules=check` in the superproject, as this would
+check if the submodule has any changes not published to any remote. The
+remotes are configured in the submodule as usual in the `$GIT_DIR/config`
+file.
+
+ * The configuration file `$GIT_DIR/config` in the superproject.
+   Git only recurses into active submodules (see "ACTIVE SUBMODULES"
+   section below).
++
+If the submodule is not yet initialized, then the configuration
+inside the submodule does not exist yet, so where to
+obtain the submodule from is configured here for example.
+
+ * The `.gitmodules` file inside the superproject. A project usually
+   uses this file to suggest defaults for the upstream collection
+   of repositories for the mapping that is required between a
+   submodule's name and its path.
++
+This file mainly serves as the mapping between the name and path of submodules
+in the superproject, such that the submodule's Git directory can be
+located.
++
+If the submodule has never been initialized, this is the only place
+where submodule configuration is found. It serves as the last fallback
+to specify where to obtain the submodule from.
+
+FORMS
+-----
+
+Submodules can take the following forms:
+
+ * The basic form described in DESCRIPTION with a Git directory,
+a working directory, a `gitlink`, and a `.gitmodules` entry.
+
+ * "Old-form" submodule: A working directory with an embedded
+`.git` directory, and the tracking `gitlink` and `.gitmodules` entry in
+the superproject. This is typically found in repositories generated
+using older versions of Git.
++
+It is possible to construct these old form repositories manually.
++
+When deinitialized or deleted (see below), the submodule's Git
+directory is automatically moved to `$GIT_DIR/modules/<name>/`
+of the superproject.
+
+ * Deinitialized submodule: A `gitlink`, and a `.gitmodules` entry,
+but no submodule working directory. The submodule's Git directory
+may be there as after deinitializing the Git directory is kept around.
+The directory which is supposed to be the working directory is empty instead.
++
+A submodule can be deinitialized by running `git submodule deinit`.
+Besides emptying the working directory, this command only modifies
+the superproject's `$GIT_DIR/config` file, so the superproject's history
+is not affected. This can be undone using `git submodule init`.
+
+ * Deleted submodule: A submodule can be deleted by running
+`git rm <submodule path> && git commit`. This can be undone
+using `git revert`.
++
+The deletion removes the superproject's tracking data, which are
+both the `gitlink` entry and the section in the `.gitmodules` file.
+The submodule's working directory is removed from the file
+system, but the Git directory is kept around as it to make it
+possible to checkout past commits without requiring fetching
+from another repository.
++
+To completely remove a submodule, manually delete
+`$GIT_DIR/modules/<name>/`.
+
+ACTIVE SUBMODULES
+-----------------
+
+A submodule is considered active,
+
+  (a) if `submodule.<name>.active` is set to `true`
+     or
+  (b) if the submodule's path matches the pathspec in `submodule.active`
+     or
+  (c) if `submodule.<name>.url` is set.
+
+and these are evaluated in this order.
+
+For example:
+
+  [submodule "foo"]
+    active = false
+    url = https://example.org/foo
+  [submodule "bar"]
+    active = true
+    url = https://example.org/bar
+  [submodule "baz"]
+    url = https://example.org/baz
+
+In the above config only the submodule 'bar' and 'baz' are active,
+'bar' due to (a) and 'baz' due to (c). 'foo' is inactive because
+(a) takes precedence over (c)
+
+Note that (c) is a historical artefact and will be ignored if the
+(a) and (b) specify that the submodule is not active. In other words,
+if we have a `submodule.<name>.active` set to `false` or if the
+submodule's path is excluded in the pathspec in `submodule.active`, the
+url doesn't matter whether it is present or not. This is illustrated in
+the example that follows.
+
+  [submodule "foo"]
+    active = true
+    url = https://example.org/foo
+  [submodule "bar"]
+    url = https://example.org/bar
+  [submodule "baz"]
+    url = https://example.org/baz
+  [submodule "bob"]
+    ignore = true
+  [submodule]
+    active = b*
+    active = :(exclude) baz
+
+In here all submodules except 'baz' (foo, bar, bob) are active.
+'foo' due to its own active flag and all the others due to the
+submodule active pathspec, which specifies that any submodule
+starting with 'b' except 'baz' are also active, regardless of the
+presence of the .url field.
+
+Workflow for a third party library
+----------------------------------
+
+  # add a submodule
+  git submodule add <url> <path>
+
+  # occasionally update the submodule to a new version:
+  git -C <path> checkout <new version>
+  git add <path>
+  git commit -m "update submodule to new version"
+
+  # See the list of submodules in a superproject
+  git submodule status
+
+  # See FORMS on removing submodules
+
+
+Workflow for an artificially split repo
+--------------------------------------
+
+  # Enable recursion for relevant commands, such that
+  # regular commands recurse into submodules by default
+  git config --global submodule.recurse true
+
+  # Unlike the other commands below clone still needs
+  # its own recurse flag:
+  git clone --recurse <URL> <directory>
+  cd <directory>
+
+  # Get to know the code:
+  git grep foo
+  git ls-files
+
+  # Get new code
+  git fetch
+  git pull --rebase
+
+  # change worktree
+  git checkout
+  git reset
+
+Implementation details
+----------------------
+
+When cloning or pulling a repository containing submodules the submodules
+will not be checked out by default; You can instruct 'clone' to recurse
+into submodules. The 'init' and 'update' subcommands of 'git submodule'
+will maintain submodules checked out and at an appropriate revision in
+your working tree. Alternatively you can set 'submodule.recurse' to have
+'checkout' recursing into submodules.
+
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-submodule[1], linkgit:gitmodules[5].
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt b/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
index 30d2119565..e0976f6017 100644
--- a/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
@@ -433,4 +433,4 @@ link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gittutorial.txt b/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
index b00c67df46..242de31cb6 100644
--- a/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ summary of the situation with 'git status':
 $ git status
 On branch master
 Changes to be committed:
-Your branch is up-to-date with 'origin/master'.
+Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 
 	modified:   file1
@@ -451,7 +451,7 @@ perform clones and pulls using the ssh protocol:
 bob$ git clone alice.org:/home/alice/project myrepo
 -------------------------------------
 
-Alternatively, Git has a native protocol, or can use rsync or http;
+Alternatively, Git has a native protocol, or can use http;
 see linkgit:git-pull[1] for details.
 
 Git can also be used in a CVS-like mode, with a central repository
@@ -674,4 +674,4 @@ link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt b/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt
index ebe7a6c24c..9c8982ec98 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt
@@ -246,13 +246,20 @@ $highlight_bin::
 	Note that 'highlight' feature must be set for gitweb to actually
 	use syntax highlighting.
 +
-*NOTE*: if you want to add support for new file type (supported by
-"highlight" but not used by gitweb), you need to modify `%highlight_ext`
-or `%highlight_basename`, depending on whether you detect type of file
-based on extension (for example "sh") or on its basename (for example
-"Makefile").  The keys of these hashes are extension and basename,
-respectively, and value for given key is name of syntax to be passed via
-`--syntax <syntax>` to highlighter.
+*NOTE*: for a file to be highlighted, its syntax type must be detected
+and that syntax must be supported by "highlight".  The default syntax
+detection is minimal, and there are many supported syntax types with no
+detection by default.  There are three options for adding syntax
+detection.  The first and second priority are `%highlight_basename` and
+`%highlight_ext`, which detect based on basename (the full filename, for
+example "Makefile") and extension (for example "sh").  The keys of these
+hashes are the basename and extension, respectively, and the value for a
+given key is the name of the syntax to be passed via `--syntax <syntax>`
+to "highlight".  The last priority is the "highlight" configuration of
+`Shebang` regular expressions to detect the language based on the first
+line in the file, (for example, matching the line "#!/bin/bash").  See
+the highlight documentation and the default config at
+/etc/highlight/filetypes.conf for more details.
 +
 For example if repositories you are hosting use "phtml" extension for
 PHP files, and you want to have correct syntax-highlighting for those
@@ -361,8 +368,8 @@ $logo_url::
 $logo_label::
 	URI and label (title) for the Git logo link (or your site logo,
 	if you chose to use different logo image). By default, these both
-	refer to Git homepage, http://git-scm.com[]; in the past, they pointed
-	to Git documentation at http://www.kernel.org[].
+	refer to Git homepage, https://git-scm.com[]; in the past, they pointed
+	to Git documentation at https://www.kernel.org[].
 
 
 Changing gitweb's look
@@ -376,7 +383,7 @@ $site_name::
 	Name of your site or organization, to appear in page titles.  Set it
 	to something descriptive for clearer bookmarks etc.  If this variable
 	is not set or is, then gitweb uses the value of the `SERVER_NAME`
-	CGI environment variable, setting site name to "$SERVER_NAME Git",
+	`CGI` environment variable, setting site name to "$SERVER_NAME Git",
 	or "Untitled Git" if this variable is not set (e.g. if running gitweb
 	as standalone script).
 +
@@ -482,12 +489,12 @@ project config.  Per-repository configuration takes precedence over value
 composed from `@git_base_url_list` elements and project name.
 +
 You can setup one single value (single entry/item in this list) at build
-time by setting the `GITWEB_BASE_URL` built-time configuration variable.
+time by setting the `GITWEB_BASE_URL` build-time configuration variable.
 By default it is set to (), i.e. an empty list.  This means that gitweb
 would not try to create project URL (to fetch) from project name.
 
 $projects_list_group_categories::
-	Whether to enables the grouping of projects by category on the project
+	Whether to enable the grouping of projects by category on the project
 	list page. The category of a project is determined by the
 	`$GIT_DIR/category` file or the `gitweb.category` variable in each
 	repository's configuration.  Disabled by default (set to 0).
@@ -706,7 +713,7 @@ show-sizes::
 	I/O.  Enabled by default.
 +
 This feature can be configured on a per-repository basis via
-repository's `gitweb.showsizes` configuration variable (boolean).
+repository's `gitweb.showSizes` configuration variable (boolean).
 
 patches::
 	Enable and configure "patches" view, which displays list of commits in email
diff --git a/Documentation/gitweb.txt b/Documentation/gitweb.txt
index cd9c8951b2..88450589af 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitweb.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitweb.txt
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ separator (rules for Perl's "`split(" ", $line)`").
 
 * Fields use modified URI encoding, defined in RFC 3986, section 2.1
 (Percent-Encoding), or rather "Query string encoding" (see
-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Query_string#URL_encoding[]), the difference
+https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Query_string#URL_encoding[]), the difference
 being that SP (" ") can be encoded as "{plus}" (and therefore "{plus}" has to be
 also percent-encoded).
 +
@@ -206,8 +206,8 @@ $export_auth_hook = sub {
 Per-repository gitweb configuration
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 You can configure individual repositories shown in gitweb by creating file
-in the 'GIT_DIR' of Git repository, or by setting some repo configuration
-variable (in 'GIT_DIR/config', see linkgit:git-config[1]).
+in the `GIT_DIR` of Git repository, or by setting some repo configuration
+variable (in `GIT_DIR/config`, see linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 You can use the following files in repository:
 
diff --git a/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt b/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
index f16c414ea7..ca11c7bdaf 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ beginning. It is always easier to squash a few commits together than
 to split one big commit into several.  Don't be afraid of making too
 small or imperfect steps along the way. You can always go back later
 and edit the commits with `git rebase --interactive` before you
-publish them.  You can use `git stash save --keep-index` to run the
+publish them.  You can use `git stash push --keep-index` to run the
 test suite independent of other uncommitted changes; see the EXAMPLES
 section of linkgit:git-stash[1].
 
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ the unstable branch into the stable one.  Hence the following:
 .Merge upwards
 [caption="Rule: "]
 =====================================
-Always commit your fixes to the oldest supported branch that require
+Always commit your fixes to the oldest supported branch that requires
 them.  Then (periodically) merge the integration branches upwards into each
 other.
 =====================================
@@ -407,8 +407,8 @@ follows.
 `git pull <url> <branch>`
 =====================================
 
-Occasionally, the maintainer may get merge conflicts when he tries to
-pull changes from downstream.  In this case, he can ask downstream to
+Occasionally, the maintainer may get merge conflicts when they try to
+pull changes from downstream.  In this case, they can ask downstream to
 do the merge and resolve the conflicts themselves (perhaps they will
 know better how to resolve them).  It is one of the rare cases where
 downstream 'should' merge from upstream.
@@ -477,4 +477,4 @@ linkgit:git-am[1]
 
 GIT
 ---
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
index bf383c2e8c..0d2aa48c63 100644
--- a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
+++ b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ current branch integrates with) obviously do not work, as there is no
 	A fast-forward is a special type of <<def_merge,merge>> where you have a
 	<<def_revision,revision>> and you are "merging" another
 	<<def_branch,branch>>'s changes that happen to be a descendant of what
-	you have. In such these cases, you do not make a new <<def_merge,merge>>
+	you have. In such a case, you do not make a new <<def_merge,merge>>
 	<<def_commit,commit>> but instead just update to his
 	revision. This will happen frequently on a
 	<<def_remote_tracking_branch,remote-tracking branch>> of a remote
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ The optional colon that terminates the "magic signature" can be
 omitted if the pattern begins with a character that does not belong to
 "magic signature" symbol set and is not a colon.
 +
-In the long form, the leading colon `:` is followed by a open
+In the long form, the leading colon `:` is followed by an open
 parenthesis `(`, a comma-separated list of zero or more "magic words",
 and a close parentheses `)`, and the remainder is the pattern to match
 against the path.
@@ -384,10 +384,33 @@ full pathname may have special meaning:
 +
 Glob magic is incompatible with literal magic.
 
+attr;;
+After `attr:` comes a space separated list of "attribute
+requirements", all of which must be met in order for the
+path to be considered a match; this is in addition to the
+usual non-magic pathspec pattern matching.
+See linkgit:gitattributes[5].
++
+Each of the attribute requirements for the path takes one of
+these forms:
+
+- "`ATTR`" requires that the attribute `ATTR` be set.
+
+- "`-ATTR`" requires that the attribute `ATTR` be unset.
+
+- "`ATTR=VALUE`" requires that the attribute `ATTR` be
+  set to the string `VALUE`.
+
+- "`!ATTR`" requires that the attribute `ATTR` be
+  unspecified.
++
+
 exclude;;
 	After a path matches any non-exclude pathspec, it will be run
-	through all exclude pathspec (magic signature: `!`). If it
-	matches, the path is ignored.
+	through all exclude pathspecs (magic signature: `!` or its
+	synonym `^`). If it matches, the path is ignored.  When there
+	is no non-exclude pathspec, the exclusion is applied to the
+	result set as if invoked without any pathspec.
 --
 
 [[def_parent]]parent::
@@ -411,6 +434,28 @@ exclude;;
 	core Git. Porcelains expose more of a <<def_SCM,SCM>>
 	interface than the <<def_plumbing,plumbing>>.
 
+[[def_per_worktree_ref]]per-worktree ref::
+	Refs that are per-<<def_working_tree,worktree>>, rather than
+	global.  This is presently only <<def_HEAD,HEAD>> and any refs
+	that start with `refs/bisect/`, but might later include other
+	unusual refs.
+
+[[def_pseudoref]]pseudoref::
+	Pseudorefs are a class of files under `$GIT_DIR` which behave
+	like refs for the purposes of rev-parse, but which are treated
+	specially by git.  Pseudorefs both have names that are all-caps,
+	and always start with a line consisting of a
+	<<def_SHA1,SHA-1>> followed by whitespace.  So, HEAD is not a
+	pseudoref, because it is sometimes a symbolic ref.  They might
+	optionally contain some additional data.  `MERGE_HEAD` and
+	`CHERRY_PICK_HEAD` are examples.  Unlike
+	<<def_per_worktree_ref,per-worktree refs>>, these files cannot
+	be symbolic refs, and never have reflogs.  They also cannot be
+	updated through the normal ref update machinery.  Instead,
+	they are updated by directly writing to the files.  However,
+	they can be read as if they were refs, so `git rev-parse
+	MERGE_HEAD` will work.
+
 [[def_pull]]pull::
 	Pulling a <<def_branch,branch>> means to <<def_fetch,fetch>> it and
 	<<def_merge,merge>> it.  See also linkgit:git-pull[1].
@@ -418,7 +463,7 @@ exclude;;
 [[def_push]]push::
 	Pushing a <<def_branch,branch>> means to get the branch's
 	<<def_head_ref,head ref>> from a remote <<def_repository,repository>>,
-	find out if it is a direct ancestor to the branch's local
+	find out if it is an ancestor to the branch's local
 	head ref, and in that case, putting all
 	objects, which are <<def_reachable,reachable>> from the local
 	head ref, and which are missing from the remote
@@ -469,6 +514,11 @@ The most notable example is `HEAD`.
 	<<def_push,push>> to describe the mapping between remote
 	<<def_ref,ref>> and local ref.
 
+[[def_remote]]remote repository::
+	A <<def_repository,repository>> which is used to track the same
+	project but resides somewhere else. To communicate with remotes,
+	see <<def_fetch,fetch>> or <<def_push,push>>.
+
 [[def_remote_tracking_branch]]remote-tracking branch::
 	A <<def_ref,ref>> that is used to follow changes from another
 	<<def_repository,repository>>. It typically looks like
@@ -504,6 +554,11 @@ The most notable example is `HEAD`.
 	"Secure Hash Algorithm 1"; a cryptographic hash function.
 	In the context of Git used as a synonym for <<def_object_name,object name>>.
 
+[[def_shallow_clone]]shallow clone::
+	Mostly a synonym to <<def_shallow_repository,shallow repository>>
+	but the phrase makes it more explicit that it was created by
+	running `git clone --depth=...` command.
+
 [[def_shallow_repository]]shallow repository::
 	A shallow <<def_repository,repository>> has an incomplete
 	history some of whose <<def_commit,commits>> have <<def_parent,parents>> cauterized away (in other
@@ -515,6 +570,21 @@ The most notable example is `HEAD`.
 	is created by giving the `--depth` option to linkgit:git-clone[1], and
 	its history can be later deepened with linkgit:git-fetch[1].
 
+[[def_stash]]stash entry::
+	An <<def_object,object>> used to temporarily store the contents of a
+	<<def_dirty,dirty>> working directory and the index for future reuse.
+
+[[def_submodule]]submodule::
+	A <<def_repository,repository>> that holds the history of a
+	separate project inside another repository (the latter of
+	which is called <<def_superproject, superproject>>).
+
+[[def_superproject]]superproject::
+	A <<def_repository,repository>> that references repositories
+	of other projects in its working tree as <<def_submodule,submodules>>.
+	The superproject knows about the names of (but does not hold
+	copies of) commit objects of the contained submodules.
+
 [[def_symref]]symref::
 	Symbolic reference: instead of containing the <<def_SHA1,SHA-1>>
 	id itself, it is of the format 'ref: refs/some/thing' and when
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/new-command.txt b/Documentation/howto/new-command.txt
index d7de5a3e9e..15a4c8031f 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/new-command.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/new-command.txt
@@ -94,8 +94,10 @@ your language, document it in the INSTALL file.
 6. There is a file command-list.txt in the distribution main directory
 that categorizes commands by type, so they can be listed in appropriate
 subsections in the documentation's summary command list.  Add an entry
-for yours.  To understand the categories, look at git-commands.txt
-in the main directory.
+for yours.  To understand the categories, look at command-list.txt
+in the main directory.  If the new command is part of the typical Git
+workflow and you believe it common enough to be mentioned in 'git help',
+map this command to a common group in the column [common].
 
 7. Give the maintainer one paragraph to include in the RelNotes file
 to describe the new feature; a good place to do so is in the cover
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.txt b/Documentation/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.txt
index 25378f68d3..db219f5c07 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.txt
@@ -4,13 +4,13 @@ From: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 Date: Fri, 26 Aug 2005 18:19:10 -0700
 Abstract: In this how-to article, JC talks about how he
  uses the post-update hook to automate Git documentation page
- shown at http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/.
+ shown at https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/.
 Content-type: text/asciidoc
 
 How to rebuild from update hook
 ===============================
 
-The pages under http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/
+The pages under https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/
 are built from Documentation/ directory of the git.git project
 and needed to be kept up-to-date.  The www.kernel.org/ servers
 are mirrored and I was told that the origin of the mirror is on
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/recover-corrupted-object-harder.txt b/Documentation/howto/recover-corrupted-object-harder.txt
index 23e685d8ca..8994e2559e 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/recover-corrupted-object-harder.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/recover-corrupted-object-harder.txt
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ valid pack like:
     # now add our object data
     cat object >>tmp.pack
     # and then append the pack trailer
-    /path/to/git.git/test-sha1 -b <tmp.pack >trailer
+    /path/to/git.git/t/helper/test-tool sha1 -b <tmp.pack >trailer
     cat trailer >>tmp.pack
 ------------
 
@@ -240,3 +240,240 @@ But more importantly, git's hashing and checksumming noticed a problem
 that easily could have gone undetected in another system. The result
 still compiled, but would have caused an interesting bug (that would
 have been blamed on some random commit).
+
+
+The adventure continues...
+--------------------------
+
+I ended up doing this again! Same entity, new hardware. The assumption
+at this point is that the old disk corrupted the packfile, and then the
+corruption was migrated to the new hardware (because it was done by
+rsync or similar, and no fsck was done at the time of migration).
+
+This time, the affected blob was over 20 megabytes, which was far too
+large to do a brute-force on. I followed the instructions above to
+create the `zlib` file. I then used the `inflate` program below to pull
+the corrupted data from that. Examining that output gave me a hint about
+where in the file the corruption was. But now I was working with the
+file itself, not the zlib contents. So knowing the sha1 of the object
+and the approximate area of the corruption, I used the `sha1-munge`
+program below to brute-force the correct byte.
+
+Here's the inflate program (it's essentially `gunzip` but without the
+`.gz` header processing):
+
+--------------------------
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <zlib.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	/*
+	 * oversized so we can read the whole buffer in;
+	 * this could actually be switched to streaming
+	 * to avoid any memory limitations
+	 */
+	static unsigned char buf[25 * 1024 * 1024];
+	static unsigned char out[25 * 1024 * 1024];
+	int len;
+	z_stream z;
+	int ret;
+
+	len = read(0, buf, sizeof(buf));
+	memset(&z, 0, sizeof(z));
+	inflateInit(&z);
+
+	z.next_in = buf;
+	z.avail_in = len;
+	z.next_out = out;
+	z.avail_out = sizeof(out);
+
+	ret = inflate(&z, 0);
+	if (ret != Z_OK && ret != Z_STREAM_END)
+		fprintf(stderr, "initial inflate failed (%d)\n", ret);
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "outputting %lu bytes", z.total_out);
+	fwrite(out, 1, z.total_out, stdout);
+	return 0;
+}
+--------------------------
+
+And here is the `sha1-munge` program:
+
+--------------------------
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <openssl/sha.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+/* eye candy */
+static int counter = 0;
+static void progress(int sig)
+{
+	fprintf(stderr, "\r%d", counter);
+	alarm(1);
+}
+
+static const signed char hexval_table[256] = {
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 00-07 */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 08-0f */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 10-17 */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 18-1f */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 20-27 */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 28-2f */
+	  0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,		/* 30-37 */
+	  8,  9, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 38-3f */
+	 -1, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, -1,		/* 40-47 */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 48-4f */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 50-57 */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 58-5f */
+	 -1, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, -1,		/* 60-67 */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 68-67 */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 70-77 */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 78-7f */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 80-87 */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 88-8f */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 90-97 */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* 98-9f */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* a0-a7 */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* a8-af */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* b0-b7 */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* b8-bf */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* c0-c7 */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* c8-cf */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* d0-d7 */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* d8-df */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* e0-e7 */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* e8-ef */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* f0-f7 */
+	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* f8-ff */
+};
+
+static inline unsigned int hexval(unsigned char c)
+{
+return hexval_table[c];
+}
+
+static int get_sha1_hex(const char *hex, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
+		unsigned int val;
+		/*
+		 * hex[1]=='\0' is caught when val is checked below,
+		 * but if hex[0] is NUL we have to avoid reading
+		 * past the end of the string:
+		 */
+		if (!hex[0])
+			return -1;
+		val = (hexval(hex[0]) << 4) | hexval(hex[1]);
+		if (val & ~0xff)
+			return -1;
+		*sha1++ = val;
+		hex += 2;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	/* oversized so we can read the whole buffer in */
+	static unsigned char buf[25 * 1024 * 1024];
+	char header[32];
+	int header_len;
+	unsigned char have[20], want[20];
+	int start, len;
+	SHA_CTX orig;
+	unsigned i, j;
+
+	if (!argv[1] || get_sha1_hex(argv[1], want)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "usage: sha1-munge <sha1> [start] <file.in\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (argv[2])
+		start = atoi(argv[2]);
+	else
+		start = 0;
+
+	len = read(0, buf, sizeof(buf));
+	header_len = sprintf(header, "blob %d", len) + 1;
+	fprintf(stderr, "using header: %s\n", header);
+
+	/*
+	 * We keep a running sha1 so that if you are munging
+	 * near the end of the file, we do not have to re-sha1
+	 * the unchanged earlier bytes
+	 */
+	SHA1_Init(&orig);
+	SHA1_Update(&orig, header, header_len);
+	if (start)
+		SHA1_Update(&orig, buf, start);
+
+	signal(SIGALRM, progress);
+	alarm(1);
+
+	for (i = start; i < len; i++) {
+		unsigned char c;
+		SHA_CTX x;
+
+#if 0
+		/*
+		 * deletion -- this would not actually work in practice,
+		 * I think, because we've already committed to a
+		 * particular size in the header. Ditto for addition
+		 * below. In those cases, you'd have to do the whole
+		 * sha1 from scratch, or possibly keep three running
+		 * "orig" sha1 computations going.
+		 */
+		memcpy(&x, &orig, sizeof(x));
+		SHA1_Update(&x, buf + i + 1, len - i - 1);
+		SHA1_Final(have, &x);
+		if (!memcmp(have, want, 20))
+			printf("i=%d, deletion\n", i);
+#endif
+
+		/*
+		 * replacement -- note that this tries each of the 256
+		 * possible bytes. If you suspect a single-bit flip,
+		 * it would be much shorter to just try the 8
+		 * bit-flipped variants.
+		 */
+		c = buf[i];
+		for (j = 0; j <= 0xff; j++) {
+			buf[i] = j;
+
+			memcpy(&x, &orig, sizeof(x));
+			SHA1_Update(&x, buf + i, len - i);
+			SHA1_Final(have, &x);
+			if (!memcmp(have, want, 20))
+				printf("i=%d, j=%02x\n", i, j);
+		}
+		buf[i] = c;
+
+#if 0
+		/* addition */
+		for (j = 0; j <= 0xff; j++) {
+			unsigned char extra = j;
+			memcpy(&x, &orig, sizeof(x));
+			SHA1_Update(&x, &extra, 1);
+			SHA1_Update(&x, buf + i, len - i);
+			SHA1_Final(have, &x);
+			if (!memcmp(have, want, 20))
+				printf("i=%d, addition=%02x", i, j);
+		}
+#endif
+
+		SHA1_Update(&orig, buf + i, 1);
+		counter++;
+	}
+
+	alarm(0);
+	fprintf(stderr, "\r%d\n", counter);
+	return 0;
+}
+--------------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt b/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt
index 462255ed5d..19f59cc888 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ The history immediately after the "revert of the merge" would look like
 this:
 
  ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W
-	       /
+               /
        ---A---B
 
 where A and B are on the side development that was not so good, M is the
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ After the developers of the side branch fix their mistakes, the history
 may look like this:
 
  ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x
-	       /
+               /
        ---A---B-------------------C---D
 
 where C and D are to fix what was broken in A and B, and you may already
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ In such a situation, you would want to first revert the previous revert,
 which would make the history look like this:
 
  ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---Y
-	       /
+               /
        ---A---B-------------------C---D
 
 where Y is the revert of W.  Such a "revert of the revert" can be done
@@ -93,14 +93,14 @@ This history would (ignoring possible conflicts between what W and W..Y
 changed) be equivalent to not having W or Y at all in the history:
 
  ---o---o---o---M---x---x-------x----
-	       /
+               /
        ---A---B-------------------C---D
 
 and merging the side branch again will not have conflict arising from an
 earlier revert and revert of the revert.
 
  ---o---o---o---M---x---x-------x-------*
-	       /                       /
+               /                       /
        ---A---B-------------------C---D
 
 Of course the changes made in C and D still can conflict with what was
@@ -111,13 +111,13 @@ faulty A and B, and redone the changes on top of the updated mainline
 after the revert, the history would have looked like this:
 
  ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---x
-	       /                 \
+               /                 \
        ---A---B                   A'--B'--C'
 
 If you reverted the revert in such a case as in the previous example:
 
  ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---x---Y---*
-	       /                 \         /
+               /                 \         /
        ---A---B                   A'--B'--C'
 
 where Y is the revert of W, A' and B' are rerolled A and B, and there may
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ lot of overlapping changes that result in conflicts.  So do not do "revert
 of revert" blindly without thinking..
 
  ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---x
-	       /                 \
+               /                 \
        ---A---B                   A'--B'--C'
 
 In the history with rebased side branch, W (and M) are behind the merge
diff --git a/Documentation/i18n.txt b/Documentation/i18n.txt
index e9a1d5d25a..7e36e5b55b 100644
--- a/Documentation/i18n.txt
+++ b/Documentation/i18n.txt
@@ -1,18 +1,31 @@
-At the core level, Git is character encoding agnostic.
-
- - The pathnames recorded in the index and in the tree objects
-   are treated as uninterpreted sequences of non-NUL bytes.
-   What readdir(2) returns are what are recorded and compared
-   with the data Git keeps track of, which in turn are expected
-   to be what lstat(2) and creat(2) accepts.  There is no such
-   thing as pathname encoding translation.
+Git is to some extent character encoding agnostic.
 
  - The contents of the blob objects are uninterpreted sequences
    of bytes.  There is no encoding translation at the core
    level.
 
- - The commit log messages are uninterpreted sequences of non-NUL
-   bytes.
+ - Path names are encoded in UTF-8 normalization form C. This
+   applies to tree objects, the index file, ref names, as well as
+   path names in command line arguments, environment variables
+   and config files (`.git/config` (see linkgit:git-config[1]),
+   linkgit:gitignore[5], linkgit:gitattributes[5] and
+   linkgit:gitmodules[5]).
++
+Note that Git at the core level treats path names simply as
+sequences of non-NUL bytes, there are no path name encoding
+conversions (except on Mac and Windows). Therefore, using
+non-ASCII path names will mostly work even on platforms and file
+systems that use legacy extended ASCII encodings. However,
+repositories created on such systems will not work properly on
+UTF-8-based systems (e.g. Linux, Mac, Windows) and vice versa.
+Additionally, many Git-based tools simply assume path names to
+be UTF-8 and will fail to display other encodings correctly.
+
+ - Commit log messages are typically encoded in UTF-8, but other
+   extended ASCII encodings are also supported. This includes
+   ISO-8859-x, CP125x and many others, but _not_ UTF-16/32,
+   EBCDIC and CJK multi-byte encodings (GBK, Shift-JIS, Big5,
+   EUC-x, CP9xx etc.).
 
 Although we encourage that the commit log messages are encoded
 in UTF-8, both the core and Git Porcelain are designed not to
@@ -29,11 +42,11 @@ mind.
 +
 ------------
 [i18n]
-	commitencoding = ISO-8859-1
+	commitEncoding = ISO-8859-1
 ------------
 +
 Commit objects created with the above setting record the value
-of `i18n.commitencoding` in its `encoding` header.  This is to
+of `i18n.commitEncoding` in its `encoding` header.  This is to
 help other people who look at them later.  Lack of this header
 implies that the commit log message is encoded in UTF-8.
 
@@ -41,15 +54,15 @@ implies that the commit log message is encoded in UTF-8.
   `encoding` header of a commit object, and try to re-code the
   log message into UTF-8 unless otherwise specified.  You can
   specify the desired output encoding with
-  `i18n.logoutputencoding` in `.git/config` file, like this:
+  `i18n.logOutputEncoding` in `.git/config` file, like this:
 +
 ------------
 [i18n]
-	logoutputencoding = ISO-8859-1
+	logOutputEncoding = ISO-8859-1
 ------------
 +
 If you do not have this configuration variable, the value of
-`i18n.commitencoding` is used instead.
+`i18n.commitEncoding` is used instead.
 
 Note that we deliberately chose not to re-code the commit log
 message when a commit is made to force UTF-8 at the commit
diff --git a/Documentation/install-doc-quick.sh b/Documentation/install-doc-quick.sh
index 327f69bcf5..17231d8e59 100755
--- a/Documentation/install-doc-quick.sh
+++ b/Documentation/install-doc-quick.sh
@@ -3,11 +3,12 @@
 
 repository=${1?repository}
 destdir=${2?destination}
+GIT_MAN_REF=${3?master}
 
-head=master GIT_DIR=
+GIT_DIR=
 for d in "$repository/.git" "$repository"
 do
-	if GIT_DIR="$d" git rev-parse refs/heads/master >/dev/null 2>&1
+	if GIT_DIR="$d" git rev-parse "$GIT_MAN_REF" >/dev/null 2>&1
 	then
 		GIT_DIR="$d"
 		export GIT_DIR
@@ -27,12 +28,12 @@ export GIT_INDEX_FILE GIT_WORK_TREE
 rm -f "$GIT_INDEX_FILE"
 trap 'rm -f "$GIT_INDEX_FILE"' 0
 
-git read-tree $head
+git read-tree "$GIT_MAN_REF"
 git checkout-index -a -f --prefix="$destdir"/
 
 if test -n "$GZ"
 then
-	git ls-tree -r --name-only $head |
+	git ls-tree -r --name-only "$GIT_MAN_REF" |
 	xargs printf "$destdir/%s\n" |
 	xargs gzip -f
 fi
diff --git a/Documentation/line-range-format.txt b/Documentation/line-range-format.txt
index d7f26039ca..829676ff98 100644
--- a/Documentation/line-range-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/line-range-format.txt
@@ -22,8 +22,9 @@ This is only valid for <end> and will specify a number
 of lines before or after the line given by <start>.
 
 +
-If ``:<regex>'' is given in place of <start> and <end>, it denotes the range
-from the first funcname line that matches <regex>, up to the next
-funcname line. ``:<regex>'' searches from the end of the previous `-L` range,
-if any, otherwise from the start of file.
-``^:<regex>'' searches from the start of file.
+If ``:<funcname>'' is given in place of <start> and <end>, it is a
+regular expression that denotes the range from the first funcname line
+that matches <funcname>, up to the next funcname line. ``:<funcname>''
+searches from the end of the previous `-L` range, if any, otherwise
+from the start of file. ``^:<funcname>'' searches from the start of
+file.
diff --git a/Documentation/lint-gitlink.perl b/Documentation/lint-gitlink.perl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..476cc30b83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/lint-gitlink.perl
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use File::Find;
+use Getopt::Long;
+
+my $basedir = ".";
+GetOptions("basedir=s" => \$basedir)
+	or die("Cannot parse command line arguments\n");
+
+my $found_errors = 0;
+
+sub report {
+	my ($where, $what, $error) = @_;
+	print "$where: $error: $what\n";
+	$found_errors = 1;
+}
+
+sub grab_section {
+	my ($page) = @_;
+	open my $fh, "<", "$basedir/$page.txt";
+	my $firstline = <$fh>;
+	chomp $firstline;
+	close $fh;
+	my ($section) = ($firstline =~ /.*\((\d)\)$/);
+	return $section;
+}
+
+sub lint {
+	my ($file) = @_;
+	open my $fh, "<", $file
+		or return;
+	while (<$fh>) {
+		my $where = "$file:$.";
+		while (s/linkgit:((.*?)\[(\d)\])//) {
+			my ($target, $page, $section) = ($1, $2, $3);
+
+			# De-AsciiDoc
+			$page =~ s/{litdd}/--/g;
+
+			if ($page !~ /^git/) {
+				report($where, $target, "nongit link");
+				next;
+			}
+			if (! -f "$basedir/$page.txt") {
+				report($where, $target, "no such source");
+				next;
+			}
+			$real_section = grab_section($page);
+			if ($real_section != $section) {
+				report($where, $target,
+					"wrong section (should be $real_section)");
+				next;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	close $fh;
+}
+
+sub lint_it {
+	lint($File::Find::name) if -f && /\.txt$/;
+}
+
+if (!@ARGV) {
+	find({ wanted => \&lint_it, no_chdir => 1 }, $basedir);
+} else {
+	for (@ARGV) {
+		lint($_);
+	}
+}
+
+exit $found_errors;
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-config.txt b/Documentation/merge-config.txt
index d78d6d854e..662c2713ca 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-config.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-merge.conflictstyle::
+merge.conflictStyle::
 	Specify the style in which conflicted hunks are written out to
 	working tree files upon merge.  The default is "merge", which
 	shows a `<<<<<<<` conflict marker, changes made by one side,
@@ -26,16 +26,22 @@ merge.ff::
 	allowed (equivalent to giving the `--ff-only` option from the
 	command line).
 
-merge.log::
-	In addition to branch names, populate the log message with at
-	most the specified number of one-line descriptions from the
-	actual commits that are being merged.  Defaults to false, and
-	true is a synonym for 20.
+merge.verifySignatures::
+	If true, this is equivalent to the --verify-signatures command
+	line option. See linkgit:git-merge[1] for details.
+
+include::fmt-merge-msg-config.txt[]
 
 merge.renameLimit::
 	The number of files to consider when performing rename detection
 	during a merge; if not specified, defaults to the value of
-	diff.renameLimit.
+	diff.renameLimit. This setting has no effect if rename detection
+	is turned off.
+
+merge.renames::
+	Whether and how Git detects renames.  If set to "false",
+	rename detection is disabled. If set to "true", basic rename
+	detection is enabled.  Defaults to the value of diff.renames.
 
 merge.renormalize::
 	Tell Git that canonical representation of files in the
@@ -65,7 +71,7 @@ merge.verbosity::
 	message if conflicts were detected. Level 1 outputs only
 	conflicts, 2 outputs conflicts and file changes.  Level 5 and
 	above outputs debugging information.  The default is level 2.
-	Can be overridden by the 'GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY' environment variable.
+	Can be overridden by the `GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY` environment variable.
 
 merge.<driver>.name::
 	Defines a human-readable name for a custom low-level
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-options.txt b/Documentation/merge-options.txt
index f08e9b80c5..63a3fc0954 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-options.txt
@@ -35,13 +35,20 @@ set to `no` at the beginning of them.
 --no-ff::
 	Create a merge commit even when the merge resolves as a
 	fast-forward.  This is the default behaviour when merging an
-	annotated (and possibly signed) tag.
+	annotated (and possibly signed) tag that is not stored in
+	its natural place in 'refs/tags/' hierarchy.
 
 --ff-only::
 	Refuse to merge and exit with a non-zero status unless the
-	current `HEAD` is already up-to-date or the merge can be
+	current `HEAD` is already up to date or the merge can be
 	resolved as a fast-forward.
 
+-S[<keyid>]::
+--gpg-sign[=<keyid>]::
+	GPG-sign the resulting merge commit. The `keyid` argument is
+	optional and defaults to the committer identity; if specified,
+	it must be stuck to the option without a space.
+
 --log[=<n>]::
 --no-log::
 	In addition to branch names, populate the log message with
@@ -51,6 +58,16 @@ set to `no` at the beginning of them.
 With --no-log do not list one-line descriptions from the
 actual commits being merged.
 
+--signoff::
+--no-signoff::
+	Add Signed-off-by line by the committer at the end of the commit
+	log message.  The meaning of a signoff depends on the project,
+	but it typically certifies that committer has
+	the rights to submit this work under the same license and
+	agrees to a Developer Certificate of Origin
+	(see http://developercertificate.org/ for more information).
++
+With --no-signoff do not add a Signed-off-by line.
 
 --stat::
 -n::
@@ -89,8 +106,11 @@ option can be used to override --squash.
 
 --verify-signatures::
 --no-verify-signatures::
-	Verify that the commits being merged have good and trusted GPG signatures
-	and abort the merge in case they do not.
+	Verify that the tip commit of the side branch being merged is
+	signed with a valid key, i.e. a key that has a valid uid: in the
+	default trust model, this means the signing key has been signed by
+	a trusted key.  If the tip commit of the side branch is not signed
+	with a valid key, the merge is aborted.
 
 --summary::
 --no-summary::
@@ -114,3 +134,11 @@ ifndef::git-pull[]
 	reporting.
 
 endif::git-pull[]
+
+--allow-unrelated-histories::
+	By default, `git merge` command refuses to merge histories
+	that do not share a common ancestor.  This option can be
+	used to override this safety when merging histories of two
+	projects that started their lives independently. As that is
+	a very rare occasion, no configuration variable to enable
+	this by default exists and will not be added.
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt b/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt
index 7bbd19b300..aa66cbe41e 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt
@@ -23,8 +23,9 @@ recursive::
 	causing mismerges by tests done on actual merge commits
 	taken from Linux 2.6 kernel development history.
 	Additionally this can detect and handle merges involving
-	renames.  This is the default merge strategy when
-	pulling or merging one branch.
+	renames, but currently cannot make use of detected
+	copies.  This is the default merge strategy when pulling
+	or merging one branch.
 +
 The 'recursive' strategy can take the following options:
 
@@ -39,7 +40,8 @@ even look at what the other tree contains at all.  It discards everything
 the other tree did, declaring 'our' history contains all that happened in it.
 
 theirs;;
-	This is the opposite of 'ours'.
+	This is the opposite of 'ours'; note that, unlike 'ours', there is
+	no 'theirs' merge strategy to confuse this merge option with.
 
 patience;;
 	With this option, 'merge-recursive' spends a little extra time
@@ -57,11 +59,12 @@ diff-algorithm=[patience|minimal|histogram|myers];;
 ignore-space-change;;
 ignore-all-space;;
 ignore-space-at-eol;;
+ignore-cr-at-eol;;
 	Treats lines with the indicated type of whitespace change as
 	unchanged for the sake of a three-way merge.  Whitespace
 	changes mixed with other changes to a line are not ignored.
-	See also linkgit:git-diff[1] `-b`, `-w`, and
-	`--ignore-space-at-eol`.
+	See also linkgit:git-diff[1] `-b`, `-w`,
+	`--ignore-space-at-eol`, and `--ignore-cr-at-eol`.
 +
 * If 'their' version only introduces whitespace changes to a line,
   'our' version is used;
@@ -81,9 +84,19 @@ no-renormalize;;
 	Disables the `renormalize` option.  This overrides the
 	`merge.renormalize` configuration variable.
 
+no-renames;;
+	Turn off rename detection. This overrides the `merge.renames`
+	configuration variable.
+	See also linkgit:git-diff[1] `--no-renames`.
+
+find-renames[=<n>];;
+	Turn on rename detection, optionally setting the similarity
+	threshold.  This is the default. This overrides the
+	'merge.renames' configuration variable.
+	See also linkgit:git-diff[1] `--find-renames`.
+
 rename-threshold=<n>;;
-	Controls the similarity threshold used for rename detection.
-	See also linkgit:git-diff[1] `-M`.
+	Deprecated synonym for `find-renames=<n>`.
 
 subtree[=<path>];;
 	This option is a more advanced form of 'subtree' strategy, where
diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
index dcf7429a47..6109ef09aa 100644
--- a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
@@ -79,7 +79,10 @@ stored in the commit object.  Notably, the SHA-1s are
 displayed in full, regardless of whether --abbrev or
 --no-abbrev are used, and 'parents' information show the
 true parent commits, without taking grafts or history
-simplification into account.
+simplification into account. Note that this format affects the way
+commits are displayed, but not the way the diff is shown e.g. with
+`git log --raw`. To get full object names in a raw diff format,
+use `--no-abbrev`.
 
 * 'format:<string>'
 +
@@ -136,14 +139,28 @@ The placeholders are:
 - '%f': sanitized subject line, suitable for a filename
 - '%b': body
 - '%B': raw body (unwrapped subject and body)
+ifndef::git-rev-list[]
 - '%N': commit notes
+endif::git-rev-list[]
 - '%GG': raw verification message from GPG for a signed commit
-- '%G?': show "G" for a Good signature, "B" for a Bad signature, "U" for a good,
-  untrusted signature and "N" for no signature
+- '%G?': show "G" for a good (valid) signature,
+  "B" for a bad signature,
+  "U" for a good signature with unknown validity,
+  "X" for a good signature that has expired,
+  "Y" for a good signature made by an expired key,
+  "R" for a good signature made by a revoked key,
+  "E" if the signature cannot be checked (e.g. missing key)
+  and "N" for no signature
 - '%GS': show the name of the signer for a signed commit
 - '%GK': show the key used to sign a signed commit
-- '%gD': reflog selector, e.g., `refs/stash@{1}`
-- '%gd': shortened reflog selector, e.g., `stash@{1}`
+- '%gD': reflog selector, e.g., `refs/stash@{1}` or
+  `refs/stash@{2 minutes ago`}; the format follows the rules described
+  for the `-g` option. The portion before the `@` is the refname as
+  given on the command line (so `git log -g refs/heads/master` would
+  yield `refs/heads/master@{0}`).
+- '%gd': shortened reflog selector; same as `%gD`, but the refname
+  portion is shortened for human readability (so `refs/heads/master`
+  becomes just `master`).
 - '%gn': reflog identity name
 - '%gN': reflog identity name (respecting .mailmap, see
   linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
@@ -155,13 +172,19 @@ The placeholders are:
 - '%Cgreen': switch color to green
 - '%Cblue': switch color to blue
 - '%Creset': reset color
-- '%C(...)': color specification, as described in color.branch.* config option;
-  adding `auto,` at the beginning will emit color only when colors are
-  enabled for log output (by `color.diff`, `color.ui`, or `--color`, and
-  respecting the `auto` settings of the former if we are going to a
-  terminal). `auto` alone (i.e. `%C(auto)`) will turn on auto coloring
-  on the next placeholders until the color is switched again.
-- '%m': left, right or boundary mark
+- '%C(...)': color specification, as described under Values in the
+  "CONFIGURATION FILE" section of linkgit:git-config[1].
+  By default, colors are shown only when enabled for log output (by
+  `color.diff`, `color.ui`, or `--color`, and respecting the `auto`
+  settings of the former if we are going to a terminal). `%C(auto,...)`
+  is accepted as a historical synonym for the default (e.g.,
+  `%C(auto,red)`). Specifying `%C(always,...) will show the colors
+  even when color is not otherwise enabled (though consider
+  just using `--color=always` to enable color for the whole output,
+  including this format and anything else git might color).  `auto`
+  alone (i.e. `%C(auto)`) will turn on auto coloring on the next
+  placeholders until the color is switched again.
+- '%m': left (`<`), right (`>`) or boundary (`-`) mark
 - '%n': newline
 - '%%': a raw '%'
 - '%x00': print a byte from a hex code
@@ -179,8 +202,15 @@ The placeholders are:
 - '%>>(<N>)', '%>>|(<N>)': similar to '%>(<N>)', '%>|(<N>)'
   respectively, except that if the next placeholder takes more spaces
   than given and there are spaces on its left, use those spaces
-- '%><(<N>)', '%><|(<N>)': similar to '% <(<N>)', '%<|(<N>)'
+- '%><(<N>)', '%><|(<N>)': similar to '%<(<N>)', '%<|(<N>)'
   respectively, but padding both sides (i.e. the text is centered)
+- %(trailers[:options]): display the trailers of the body as interpreted
+  by linkgit:git-interpret-trailers[1]. The `trailers` string may be
+  followed by a colon and zero or more comma-separated options. If the
+  `only` option is given, omit non-trailer lines from the trailer block.
+  If the `unfold` option is given, behave as if interpret-trailer's
+  `--unfold` option was given.  E.g., `%(trailers:only,unfold)` to do
+  both.
 
 NOTE: Some placeholders may depend on other options given to the
 revision traversal engine. For example, the `%g*` reflog options will
@@ -193,8 +223,8 @@ If you add a `+` (plus sign) after '%' of a placeholder, a line-feed
 is inserted immediately before the expansion if and only if the
 placeholder expands to a non-empty string.
 
-If you add a `-` (minus sign) after '%' of a placeholder, line-feeds that
-immediately precede the expansion are deleted if and only if the
+If you add a `-` (minus sign) after '%' of a placeholder, all consecutive
+line-feeds immediately preceding the expansion are deleted if and only if the
 placeholder expands to an empty string.
 
 If you add a ` ` (space) after '%' of a placeholder, a space
diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-options.txt b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt
index 74aa01a0ec..e44fc8f738 100644
--- a/Documentation/pretty-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ people using 80-column terminals.
 --no-abbrev-commit::
 	Show the full 40-byte hexadecimal commit object name. This negates
 	`--abbrev-commit` and those options which imply it such as
-	"--oneline". It also overrides the 'log.abbrevCommit' variable.
+	"--oneline". It also overrides the `log.abbrevCommit` variable.
 
 --oneline::
 	This is a shorthand for "--pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit"
@@ -37,9 +37,27 @@ people using 80-column terminals.
 	in their encoding header; this option can be used to tell the
 	command to re-code the commit log message in the encoding
 	preferred by the user.  For non plumbing commands this
-	defaults to UTF-8.
+	defaults to UTF-8. Note that if an object claims to be encoded
+	in `X` and we are outputting in `X`, we will output the object
+	verbatim; this means that invalid sequences in the original
+	commit may be copied to the output.
 
---notes[=<ref>]::
+--expand-tabs=<n>::
+--expand-tabs::
+--no-expand-tabs::
+	Perform a tab expansion (replace each tab with enough spaces
+	to fill to the next display column that is multiple of '<n>')
+	in the log message before showing it in the output.
+	`--expand-tabs` is a short-hand for `--expand-tabs=8`, and
+	`--no-expand-tabs` is a short-hand for `--expand-tabs=0`,
+	which disables tab expansion.
++
+By default, tabs are expanded in pretty formats that indent the log
+message by 4 spaces (i.e.  'medium', which is the default, 'full',
+and 'fuller').
+
+ifndef::git-rev-list[]
+--notes[=<treeish>]::
 	Show the notes (see linkgit:git-notes[1]) that annotate the
 	commit, when showing the commit log message.  This is the default
 	for `git log`, `git show` and `git whatchanged` commands when
@@ -47,12 +65,13 @@ people using 80-column terminals.
 	on the command line.
 +
 By default, the notes shown are from the notes refs listed in the
-'core.notesRef' and 'notes.displayRef' variables (or corresponding
+`core.notesRef` and `notes.displayRef` variables (or corresponding
 environment overrides). See linkgit:git-config[1] for more details.
 +
-With an optional '<ref>' argument, show this notes ref instead of the
-default notes ref(s). The ref is taken to be in `refs/notes/` if it
-is not qualified.
+With an optional '<treeish>' argument, use the treeish to find the notes
+to display.  The treeish can specify the full refname when it begins
+with `refs/notes/`; when it begins with `notes/`, `refs/` and otherwise
+`refs/notes/` is prefixed to form a full name of the ref.
 +
 Multiple --notes options can be combined to control which notes are
 being displayed. Examples: "--notes=foo" will show only notes from
@@ -66,10 +85,11 @@ being displayed. Examples: "--notes=foo" will show only notes from
 	"--notes --notes=foo --no-notes --notes=bar" will only show notes
 	from "refs/notes/bar".
 
---show-notes[=<ref>]::
+--show-notes[=<treeish>]::
 --[no-]standard-notes::
 	These options are deprecated. Use the above --notes/--no-notes
 	options instead.
+endif::git-rev-list[]
 
 --show-signature::
 	Check the validity of a signed commit object by passing the signature
diff --git a/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt b/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt
index 1ebbf1d738..f1fb08dc68 100644
--- a/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt
@@ -23,15 +23,17 @@ ifdef::git-pull[]
 endif::git-pull[]
 +
 The format of a <refspec> parameter is an optional plus
-`+`, followed by the source ref <src>, followed
+`+`, followed by the source <src>, followed
 by a colon `:`, followed by the destination ref <dst>.
-The colon can be omitted when <dst> is empty.
+The colon can be omitted when <dst> is empty.  <src> is
+typically a ref, but it can also be a fully spelled hex object
+name.
 +
 `tag <tag>` means the same as `refs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag>`;
 it requests fetching everything up to the given tag.
 +
 The remote ref that matches <src>
-is fetched, and if <dst> is not empty string, the local
+is fetched, and if <dst> is not an empty string, the local
 ref that matches it is fast-forwarded using <src>.
 If the optional plus `+` is used, the local ref
 is updated even if it does not result in a fast-forward
diff --git a/Documentation/rebase-config.txt b/Documentation/rebase-config.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..42e1ba7575
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/rebase-config.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+rebase.stat::
+	Whether to show a diffstat of what changed upstream since the last
+	rebase. False by default.
+
+rebase.autoSquash::
+	If set to true enable `--autosquash` option by default.
+
+rebase.autoStash::
+	When set to true, automatically create a temporary stash entry
+	before the operation begins, and apply it after the operation
+	ends.  This means that you can run rebase on a dirty worktree.
+	However, use with care: the final stash application after a
+	successful rebase might result in non-trivial conflicts.
+	This option can be overridden by the `--no-autostash` and
+	`--autostash` options of linkgit:git-rebase[1].
+	Defaults to false.
+
+rebase.missingCommitsCheck::
+	If set to "warn", git rebase -i will print a warning if some
+	commits are removed (e.g. a line was deleted), however the
+	rebase will still proceed. If set to "error", it will print
+	the previous warning and stop the rebase, 'git rebase
+	--edit-todo' can then be used to correct the error. If set to
+	"ignore", no checking is done.
+	To drop a commit without warning or error, use the `drop`
+	command in the todo list.
+	Defaults to "ignore".
+
+rebase.instructionFormat::
+	A format string, as specified in linkgit:git-log[1], to be used for the
+	todo list during an interactive rebase.  The format will
+	automatically have the long commit hash prepended to the format.
+
+rebase.abbreviateCommands::
+	If set to true, `git rebase` will use abbreviated command names in the
+	todo list resulting in something like this:
++
+-------------------------------------------
+	p deadbee The oneline of the commit
+	p fa1afe1 The oneline of the next commit
+	...
+-------------------------------------------
++
+instead of:
++
+-------------------------------------------
+	pick deadbee The oneline of the commit
+	pick fa1afe1 The oneline of the next commit
+	...
+-------------------------------------------
++
+Defaults to false.
diff --git a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
index 4ed8587c84..7b273635de 100644
--- a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
@@ -58,9 +58,11 @@ endif::git-rev-list[]
 	more than one `--grep=<pattern>`, commits whose message
 	matches any of the given patterns are chosen (but see
 	`--all-match`).
+ifndef::git-rev-list[]
 +
-When `--show-notes` is in effect, the message from the notes as
-if it is part of the log message.
+When `--show-notes` is in effect, the message from the notes is
+matched as if it were part of the log message.
+endif::git-rev-list[]
 
 --all-match::
 	Limit the commits output to ones that match all given `--grep`,
@@ -89,9 +91,14 @@ if it is part of the log message.
 	Consider the limiting patterns to be fixed strings (don't interpret
 	pattern as a regular expression).
 
+-P::
 --perl-regexp::
-	Consider the limiting patterns to be Perl-compatible regular expressions.
-	Requires libpcre to be compiled in.
+	Consider the limiting patterns to be Perl-compatible regular
+	expressions.
++
+Support for these types of regular expressions is an optional
+compile-time dependency. If Git wasn't compiled with support for them
+providing this option will cause it to die.
 
 --remove-empty::
 	Stop when a given path disappears from the tree.
@@ -123,15 +130,16 @@ parents) and `--max-parents=-1` (negative numbers denote no upper limit).
 	because merges into a topic branch tend to be only about
 	adjusting to updated upstream from time to time, and
 	this option allows you to ignore the individual commits
-	brought in to your history by such a merge.
+	brought in to your history by such a merge. Cannot be
+	combined with --bisect.
 
 --not::
 	Reverses the meaning of the '{caret}' prefix (or lack thereof)
 	for all following revision specifiers, up to the next `--not`.
 
 --all::
-	Pretend as if all the refs in `refs/` are listed on the
-	command line as '<commit>'.
+	Pretend as if all the refs in `refs/`, along with `HEAD`, are
+	listed on the command line as '<commit>'.
 
 --branches[=<pattern>]::
 	Pretend as if all the refs in `refs/heads` are listed
@@ -176,6 +184,14 @@ explicitly.
 	Pretend as if all objects mentioned by reflogs are listed on the
 	command line as `<commit>`.
 
+--single-worktree::
+	By default, all working trees will be examined by the
+	following options when there are more than one (see
+	linkgit:git-worktree[1]): `--all`, `--reflog` and
+	`--indexed-objects`.
+	This option forces them to examine the current working tree
+	only.
+
 --ignore-missing::
 	Upon seeing an invalid object name in the input, pretend as if
 	the bad input was not given.
@@ -185,12 +201,12 @@ ifndef::git-rev-list[]
 	Pretend as if the bad bisection ref `refs/bisect/bad`
 	was listed and as if it was followed by `--not` and the good
 	bisection refs `refs/bisect/good-*` on the command
-	line.
+	line. Cannot be combined with --first-parent.
 endif::git-rev-list[]
 
 --stdin::
 	In addition to the '<commit>' listed on the command
-	line, read them from the standard input. If a '--' separator is
+	line, read them from the standard input. If a `--` separator is
 	seen, stop reading commits and start reading paths to limit the
 	result.
 
@@ -222,7 +238,7 @@ excluded from the output.
 
 --left-only::
 --right-only::
-	List only commits on the respective side of a symmetric range,
+	List only commits on the respective side of a symmetric difference,
 	i.e. only those which would be marked `<` resp. `>` by
 	`--left-right`.
 +
@@ -249,10 +265,25 @@ list.
 +
 With `--pretty` format other than `oneline` (for obvious reasons),
 this causes the output to have two extra lines of information
-taken from the reflog.  By default, 'commit@\{Nth}' notation is
-used in the output.  When the starting commit is specified as
-'commit@\{now}', output also uses 'commit@\{timestamp}' notation
-instead.  Under `--pretty=oneline`, the commit message is
+taken from the reflog.  The reflog designator in the output may be shown
+as `ref@{Nth}` (where `Nth` is the reverse-chronological index in the
+reflog) or as `ref@{timestamp}` (with the timestamp for that entry),
+depending on a few rules:
++
+--
+1. If the starting point is specified as `ref@{Nth}`, show the index
+format.
++
+2. If the starting point was specified as `ref@{now}`, show the
+timestamp format.
++
+3. If neither was used, but `--date` was given on the command line, show
+the timestamp in the format requested by `--date`.
++
+4. Otherwise, show the index format.
+--
++
+Under `--pretty=oneline`, the commit message is
 prefixed with this information on the same line.
 This option cannot be combined with `--reverse`.
 See also linkgit:git-reflog[1].
@@ -271,6 +302,10 @@ ifdef::git-rev-list[]
 	Try to speed up the traversal using the pack bitmap index (if
 	one is available). Note that when traversing with `--objects`,
 	trees and blobs will not have their associated path printed.
+
+--progress=<header>::
+	Show progress reports on stderr as objects are considered. The
+	`<header>` text will be printed with each progress update.
 endif::git-rev-list[]
 
 --
@@ -566,7 +601,7 @@ outputs 'midpoint', the output of the two commands
 would be of roughly the same length.  Finding the change which
 introduces a regression is thus reduced to a binary search: repeatedly
 generate and test new 'midpoint's until the commit chain is of length
-one.
+one. Cannot be combined with --first-parent.
 
 --bisect-vars::
 	This calculates the same as `--bisect`, except that refs in
@@ -635,8 +670,9 @@ avoid showing the commits from two parallel development track mixed
 together.
 
 --reverse::
-	Output the commits in reverse order.
-	Cannot be combined with `--walk-reflogs`.
+	Output the commits chosen to be shown (see Commit Limiting
+	section above) in reverse order. Cannot be combined with
+	`--walk-reflogs`.
 
 Object Traversal
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -650,6 +686,11 @@ ifdef::git-rev-list[]
 	all object IDs which I need to download if I have the commit
 	object _bar_ but not _foo_''.
 
+--in-commit-order::
+	Print tree and blob ids in order of the commits. The tree
+	and blob ids are printed after they are first referenced
+	by a commit.
+
 --objects-edge::
 	Similar to `--objects`, but also print the IDs of excluded
 	commits prefixed with a ``-'' character.  This is used by
@@ -670,8 +711,60 @@ ifdef::git-rev-list[]
 --unpacked::
 	Only useful with `--objects`; print the object IDs that are not
 	in packs.
+
+--filter=<filter-spec>::
+	Only useful with one of the `--objects*`; omits objects (usually
+	blobs) from the list of printed objects.  The '<filter-spec>'
+	may be one of the following:
++
+The form '--filter=blob:none' omits all blobs.
++
+The form '--filter=blob:limit=<n>[kmg]' omits blobs larger than n bytes
+or units.  n may be zero.  The suffixes k, m, and g can be used to name
+units in KiB, MiB, or GiB.  For example, 'blob:limit=1k' is the same
+as 'blob:limit=1024'.
++
+The form '--filter=sparse:oid=<blob-ish>' uses a sparse-checkout
+specification contained in the blob (or blob-expression) '<blob-ish>'
+to omit blobs that would not be not required for a sparse checkout on
+the requested refs.
++
+The form '--filter=sparse:path=<path>' similarly uses a sparse-checkout
+specification contained in <path>.
+
+--no-filter::
+	Turn off any previous `--filter=` argument.
+
+--filter-print-omitted::
+	Only useful with `--filter=`; prints a list of the objects omitted
+	by the filter.	Object IDs are prefixed with a ``~'' character.
+
+--missing=<missing-action>::
+	A debug option to help with future "partial clone" development.
+	This option specifies how missing objects are handled.
++
+The form '--missing=error' requests that rev-list stop with an error if
+a missing object is encountered.  This is the default action.
++
+The form '--missing=allow-any' will allow object traversal to continue
+if a missing object is encountered.  Missing objects will silently be
+omitted from the results.
++
+The form '--missing=allow-promisor' is like 'allow-any', but will only
+allow object traversal to continue for EXPECTED promisor missing objects.
+Unexpected missing objects will raise an error.
++
+The form '--missing=print' is like 'allow-any', but will also print a
+list of the missing objects.  Object IDs are prefixed with a ``?'' character.
 endif::git-rev-list[]
 
+--exclude-promisor-objects::
+	(For internal use only.)  Prefilter object traversal at
+	promisor boundary.  This is used with partial clone.  This is
+	stronger than `--missing=allow-promisor` because it limits the
+	traversal, rather than just silencing errors about missing
+	objects.
+
 --no-walk[=(sorted|unsorted)]::
 	Only show the given commits, but do not traverse their ancestors.
 	This has no effect if a range is specified. If the argument
@@ -679,6 +772,7 @@ endif::git-rev-list[]
 	given on the command line. Otherwise (if `sorted` or no argument
 	was given), the commits are shown in reverse chronological order
 	by commit time.
+	Cannot be combined with `--graph`.
 
 --do-walk::
 	Overrides a previous `--no-walk`.
@@ -697,15 +791,19 @@ include::pretty-options.txt[]
 --relative-date::
 	Synonym for `--date=relative`.
 
---date=(relative|local|default|iso|iso-strict|rfc|short|raw)::
+--date=<format>::
 	Only takes effect for dates shown in human-readable format, such
 	as when using `--pretty`. `log.date` config variable sets a default
-	value for the log command's `--date` option.
+	value for the log command's `--date` option. By default, dates
+	are shown in the original time zone (either committer's or
+	author's). If `-local` is appended to the format (e.g.,
+	`iso-local`), the user's local time zone is used instead.
 +
 `--date=relative` shows dates relative to the current time,
-e.g. ``2 hours ago''.
+e.g. ``2 hours ago''. The `-local` option has no effect for
+`--date=relative`.
 +
-`--date=local` shows timestamps in user's local time zone.
+`--date=local` is an alias for `--date=default-local`.
 +
 `--date=iso` (or `--date=iso8601`) shows timestamps in a ISO 8601-like format.
 The differences to the strict ISO 8601 format are:
@@ -723,10 +821,32 @@ format, often found in email messages.
 +
 `--date=short` shows only the date, but not the time, in `YYYY-MM-DD` format.
 +
-`--date=raw` shows the date in the internal raw Git format `%s %z` format.
+`--date=raw` shows the date as seconds since the epoch (1970-01-01
+00:00:00 UTC), followed by a space, and then the timezone as an offset
+from UTC (a `+` or `-` with four digits; the first two are hours, and
+the second two are minutes). I.e., as if the timestamp were formatted
+with `strftime("%s %z")`).
+Note that the `-local` option does not affect the seconds-since-epoch
+value (which is always measured in UTC), but does switch the accompanying
+timezone value.
++
+`--date=unix` shows the date as a Unix epoch timestamp (seconds since
+1970).  As with `--raw`, this is always in UTC and therefore `-local`
+has no effect.
 +
-`--date=default` shows timestamps in the original time zone
-(either committer's or author's).
+`--date=format:...` feeds the format `...` to your system `strftime`,
+except for %z and %Z, which are handled internally.
+Use `--date=format:%c` to show the date in your system locale's
+preferred format.  See the `strftime` manual for a complete list of
+format placeholders. When using `-local`, the correct syntax is
+`--date=format-local:...`.
++
+`--date=default` is the default format, and is similar to
+`--date=rfc2822`, with a few exceptions:
+
+	- there is no comma after the day-of-week
+
+	- the time zone is omitted when the local time zone is used
 
 ifdef::git-rev-list[]
 --header::
@@ -736,11 +856,11 @@ endif::git-rev-list[]
 
 --parents::
 	Print also the parents of the commit (in the form "commit parent...").
-	Also enables parent rewriting, see 'History Simplification' below.
+	Also enables parent rewriting, see 'History Simplification' above.
 
 --children::
 	Print also the children of the commit (in the form "commit child...").
-	Also enables parent rewriting, see 'History Simplification' below.
+	Also enables parent rewriting, see 'History Simplification' above.
 
 ifdef::git-rev-list[]
 --timestamp::
@@ -748,7 +868,7 @@ ifdef::git-rev-list[]
 endif::git-rev-list[]
 
 --left-right::
-	Mark which side of a symmetric diff a commit is reachable from.
+	Mark which side of a symmetric difference a commit is reachable from.
 	Commits from the left side are prefixed with `<` and those from
 	the right with `>`.  If combined with `--boundary`, those
 	commits are prefixed with `-`.
@@ -781,8 +901,9 @@ you would get an output like this:
 	on the left hand side of the output.  This may cause extra lines
 	to be printed in between commits, in order for the graph history
 	to be drawn properly.
+	Cannot be combined with `--no-walk`.
 +
-This enables parent rewriting, see 'History Simplification' below.
+This enables parent rewriting, see 'History Simplification' above.
 +
 This implies the `--topo-order` option by default, but the
 `--date-order` option may also be specified.
diff --git a/Documentation/revisions.txt b/Documentation/revisions.txt
index 07961185fe..72daa20e76 100644
--- a/Documentation/revisions.txt
+++ b/Documentation/revisions.txt
@@ -7,6 +7,10 @@ syntax.  Here are various ways to spell object names.  The
 ones listed near the end of this list name trees and
 blobs contained in a commit.
 
+NOTE: This document shows the "raw" syntax as seen by git. The shell
+and other UIs might require additional quoting to protect special
+characters and to avoid word splitting.
+
 '<sha1>', e.g. 'dae86e1950b1277e545cee180551750029cfe735', 'dae86e'::
   The full SHA-1 object name (40-byte hexadecimal string), or
   a leading substring that is unique within the repository.
@@ -28,8 +32,8 @@ blobs contained in a commit.
   first match in the following rules:
 
   . If '$GIT_DIR/<refname>' exists, that is what you mean (this is usually
-    useful only for 'HEAD', 'FETCH_HEAD', 'ORIG_HEAD', 'MERGE_HEAD'
-    and 'CHERRY_PICK_HEAD');
+    useful only for `HEAD`, `FETCH_HEAD`, `ORIG_HEAD`, `MERGE_HEAD`
+    and `CHERRY_PICK_HEAD`);
 
   . otherwise, 'refs/<refname>' if it exists;
 
@@ -41,16 +45,16 @@ blobs contained in a commit.
 
   . otherwise, 'refs/remotes/<refname>/HEAD' if it exists.
 +
-'HEAD' names the commit on which you based the changes in the working tree.
-'FETCH_HEAD' records the branch which you fetched from a remote repository
+`HEAD` names the commit on which you based the changes in the working tree.
+`FETCH_HEAD` records the branch which you fetched from a remote repository
 with your last `git fetch` invocation.
-'ORIG_HEAD' is created by commands that move your 'HEAD' in a drastic
-way, to record the position of the 'HEAD' before their operation, so that
+`ORIG_HEAD` is created by commands that move your `HEAD` in a drastic
+way, to record the position of the `HEAD` before their operation, so that
 you can easily change the tip of the branch back to the state before you ran
 them.
-'MERGE_HEAD' records the commit(s) which you are merging into your branch
+`MERGE_HEAD` records the commit(s) which you are merging into your branch
 when you run `git merge`.
-'CHERRY_PICK_HEAD' records the commit which you are cherry-picking
+`CHERRY_PICK_HEAD` records the commit which you are cherry-picking
 when you run `git cherry-pick`.
 +
 Note that any of the 'refs/*' cases above may come either from
@@ -59,21 +63,21 @@ While the ref name encoding is unspecified, UTF-8 is preferred as
 some output processing may assume ref names in UTF-8.
 
 '@'::
-  '@' alone is a shortcut for 'HEAD'.
+  '@' alone is a shortcut for `HEAD`.
 
-'<refname>@\{<date>\}', e.g. 'master@\{yesterday\}', 'HEAD@\{5 minutes ago\}'::
+'<refname>@{<date>}', e.g. 'master@\{yesterday\}', 'HEAD@{5 minutes ago}'::
   A ref followed by the suffix '@' with a date specification
   enclosed in a brace
-  pair (e.g. '\{yesterday\}', '\{1 month 2 weeks 3 days 1 hour 1
-  second ago\}' or '\{1979-02-26 18:30:00\}') specifies the value
+  pair (e.g. '\{yesterday\}', '{1 month 2 weeks 3 days 1 hour 1
+  second ago}' or '{1979-02-26 18:30:00}') specifies the value
   of the ref at a prior point in time.  This suffix may only be
   used immediately following a ref name and the ref must have an
   existing log ('$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>'). Note that this looks up the state
   of your *local* ref at a given time; e.g., what was in your local
   'master' branch last week. If you want to look at commits made during
-  certain times, see '--since' and '--until'.
+  certain times, see `--since` and `--until`.
 
-'<refname>@\{<n>\}', e.g. 'master@\{1\}'::
+'<refname>@{<n>}', e.g. 'master@\{1\}'::
   A ref followed by the suffix '@' with an ordinal specification
   enclosed in a brace pair (e.g. '\{1\}', '\{15\}') specifies
   the n-th prior value of that ref.  For example 'master@\{1\}'
@@ -82,13 +86,13 @@ some output processing may assume ref names in UTF-8.
   immediately following a ref name and the ref must have an existing
   log ('$GIT_DIR/logs/<refname>').
 
-'@\{<n>\}', e.g. '@\{1\}'::
+'@{<n>}', e.g. '@\{1\}'::
   You can use the '@' construct with an empty ref part to get at a
   reflog entry of the current branch. For example, if you are on
   branch 'blabla' then '@\{1\}' means the same as 'blabla@\{1\}'.
 
-'@\{-<n>\}', e.g. '@\{-1\}'::
-  The construct '@\{-<n>\}' means the <n>th branch/commit checked out
+'@{-<n>}', e.g. '@{-1}'::
+  The construct '@{-<n>}' means the <n>th branch/commit checked out
   before the current one.
 
 '<branchname>@\{upstream\}', e.g. 'master@\{upstream\}', '@\{u\}'::
@@ -96,7 +100,36 @@ some output processing may assume ref names in UTF-8.
   refers to the branch that the branch specified by branchname is set to build on
   top of (configured with `branch.<name>.remote` and
   `branch.<name>.merge`).  A missing branchname defaults to the
-  current one.
+  current one. These suffixes are also accepted when spelled in uppercase, and
+  they mean the same thing no matter the case.
+
+'<branchname>@\{push\}', e.g. 'master@\{push\}', '@\{push\}'::
+  The suffix '@\{push}' reports the branch "where we would push to" if
+  `git push` were run while `branchname` was checked out (or the current
+  `HEAD` if no branchname is specified). Since our push destination is
+  in a remote repository, of course, we report the local tracking branch
+  that corresponds to that branch (i.e., something in 'refs/remotes/').
++
+Here's an example to make it more clear:
++
+------------------------------
+$ git config push.default current
+$ git config remote.pushdefault myfork
+$ git checkout -b mybranch origin/master
+
+$ git rev-parse --symbolic-full-name @{upstream}
+refs/remotes/origin/master
+
+$ git rev-parse --symbolic-full-name @{push}
+refs/remotes/myfork/mybranch
+------------------------------
++
+Note in the example that we set up a triangular workflow, where we pull
+from one location and push to another. In a non-triangular workflow,
+'@\{push}' is the same as '@\{upstream}', and there is no need for it.
++
+This suffix is also accepted when spelled in uppercase, and means the same
+thing no matter the case.
 
 '<rev>{caret}', e.g. 'HEAD{caret}, v1.5.1{caret}0'::
   A suffix '{caret}' to a revision parameter means the first parent of
@@ -114,7 +147,7 @@ some output processing may assume ref names in UTF-8.
   '<rev>{caret}1{caret}1{caret}1'.  See below for an illustration of
   the usage of this form.
 
-'<rev>{caret}\{<type>\}', e.g. 'v0.99.8{caret}\{commit\}'::
+'<rev>{caret}{<type>}', e.g. 'v0.99.8{caret}\{commit\}'::
   A suffix '{caret}' followed by an object type name enclosed in
   brace pair means dereference the object at '<rev>' recursively until
   an object of type '<type>' is found or the object cannot be
@@ -134,13 +167,13 @@ it does not have to be dereferenced even once to get to an object.
 'rev{caret}\{tag\}' can be used to ensure that 'rev' identifies an
 existing tag object.
 
-'<rev>{caret}\{\}', e.g. 'v0.99.8{caret}\{\}'::
+'<rev>{caret}{}', e.g. 'v0.99.8{caret}{}'::
   A suffix '{caret}' followed by an empty brace pair
   means the object could be a tag,
   and dereference the tag recursively until a non-tag object is
   found.
 
-'<rev>{caret}\{/<text>\}', e.g. 'HEAD^{/fix nasty bug}'::
+'<rev>{caret}{/<text>}', e.g. 'HEAD^{/fix nasty bug}'::
   A suffix '{caret}' to a revision parameter, followed by a brace
   pair that contains a text led by a slash,
   is the same as the ':/fix nasty bug' syntax below except that
@@ -151,11 +184,15 @@ existing tag object.
   A colon, followed by a slash, followed by a text, names
   a commit whose commit message matches the specified regular expression.
   This name returns the youngest matching commit which is
-  reachable from any ref.  If the commit message starts with a
-  '!' you have to repeat that;  the special sequence ':/!',
-  followed by something else than '!', is reserved for now.
-  The regular expression can match any part of the commit message. To
-  match messages starting with a string, one can use e.g. ':/^foo'.
+  reachable from any ref, including HEAD.
+  The regular expression can match any part of the
+  commit message. To match messages starting with a string, one can use
+  e.g. ':/^foo'. The special sequence ':/!' is reserved for modifiers to what
+  is matched. ':/!-foo' performs a negative match, while ':/!!foo' matches a
+  literal '!' character, followed by 'foo'. Any other sequence beginning with
+  ':/!' is reserved for now.
+  Depending on the given text, the shell's word splitting rules might
+  require additional quoting.
 
 '<rev>:<path>', e.g. 'HEAD:README', ':README', 'master:./README'::
   A suffix ':' followed by a path names the blob or tree
@@ -211,58 +248,91 @@ SPECIFYING RANGES
 -----------------
 
 History traversing commands such as `git log` operate on a set
-of commits, not just a single commit.  To these commands,
-specifying a single revision with the notation described in the
-previous section means the set of commits reachable from that
-commit, following the commit ancestry chain.
-
-To exclude commits reachable from a commit, a prefix '{caret}'
-notation is used.  E.g. '{caret}r1 r2' means commits reachable
-from 'r2' but exclude the ones reachable from 'r1'.
-
-This set operation appears so often that there is a shorthand
-for it.  When you have two commits 'r1' and 'r2' (named according
-to the syntax explained in SPECIFYING REVISIONS above), you can ask
-for commits that are reachable from r2 excluding those that are reachable
-from r1 by '{caret}r1 r2' and it can be written as 'r1..r2'.
-
-A similar notation 'r1\...r2' is called symmetric difference
-of 'r1' and 'r2' and is defined as
-'r1 r2 --not $(git merge-base --all r1 r2)'.
-It is the set of commits that are reachable from either one of
-'r1' or 'r2' but not from both.
-
-In these two shorthands, you can omit one end and let it default to HEAD.
+of commits, not just a single commit.
+
+For these commands,
+specifying a single revision, using the notation described in the
+previous section, means the set of commits `reachable` from the given
+commit.
+
+A commit's reachable set is the commit itself and the commits in
+its ancestry chain.
+
+
+Commit Exclusions
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+'{caret}<rev>' (caret) Notation::
+ To exclude commits reachable from a commit, a prefix '{caret}'
+ notation is used.  E.g. '{caret}r1 r2' means commits reachable
+ from 'r2' but exclude the ones reachable from 'r1' (i.e. 'r1' and
+ its ancestors).
+
+Dotted Range Notations
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The '..' (two-dot) Range Notation::
+ The '{caret}r1 r2' set operation appears so often that there is a shorthand
+ for it.  When you have two commits 'r1' and 'r2' (named according
+ to the syntax explained in SPECIFYING REVISIONS above), you can ask
+ for commits that are reachable from r2 excluding those that are reachable
+ from r1 by '{caret}r1 r2' and it can be written as 'r1..r2'.
+
+The '...' (three-dot) Symmetric Difference Notation::
+ A similar notation 'r1\...r2' is called symmetric difference
+ of 'r1' and 'r2' and is defined as
+ 'r1 r2 --not $(git merge-base --all r1 r2)'.
+ It is the set of commits that are reachable from either one of
+ 'r1' (left side) or 'r2' (right side) but not from both.
+
+In these two shorthand notations, you can omit one end and let it default to HEAD.
 For example, 'origin..' is a shorthand for 'origin..HEAD' and asks "What
 did I do since I forked from the origin branch?"  Similarly, '..origin'
 is a shorthand for 'HEAD..origin' and asks "What did the origin do since
 I forked from them?"  Note that '..' would mean 'HEAD..HEAD' which is an
 empty range that is both reachable and unreachable from HEAD.
 
-Two other shorthands for naming a set that is formed by a commit
-and its parent commits exist.  The 'r1{caret}@' notation means all
-parents of 'r1'.  'r1{caret}!' includes commit 'r1' but excludes
-all of its parents.
+Other <rev>{caret} Parent Shorthand Notations
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Three other shorthands exist, particularly useful for merge commits,
+for naming a set that is formed by a commit and its parent commits.
+
+The 'r1{caret}@' notation means all parents of 'r1'.
+
+The 'r1{caret}!' notation includes commit 'r1' but excludes all of its parents.
+By itself, this notation denotes the single commit 'r1'.
+
+The '<rev>{caret}-<n>' notation includes '<rev>' but excludes the <n>th
+parent (i.e. a shorthand for '<rev>{caret}<n>..<rev>'), with '<n>' = 1 if
+not given. This is typically useful for merge commits where you
+can just pass '<commit>{caret}-' to get all the commits in the branch
+that was merged in merge commit '<commit>' (including '<commit>'
+itself).
+
+While '<rev>{caret}<n>' was about specifying a single commit parent, these
+three notations also consider its parents. For example you can say
+'HEAD{caret}2{caret}@', however you cannot say 'HEAD{caret}@{caret}2'.
 
-To summarize:
+Revision Range Summary
+----------------------
 
 '<rev>'::
-	Include commits that are reachable from (i.e. ancestors of)
-	<rev>.
+	Include commits that are reachable from <rev> (i.e. <rev> and its
+	ancestors).
 
 '{caret}<rev>'::
-	Exclude commits that are reachable from (i.e. ancestors of)
-	<rev>.
+	Exclude commits that are reachable from <rev> (i.e. <rev> and its
+	ancestors).
 
 '<rev1>..<rev2>'::
 	Include commits that are reachable from <rev2> but exclude
 	those that are reachable from <rev1>.  When either <rev1> or
-	<rev2> is omitted, it defaults to 'HEAD'.
+	<rev2> is omitted, it defaults to `HEAD`.
 
 '<rev1>\...<rev2>'::
 	Include commits that are reachable from either <rev1> or
 	<rev2> but exclude those that are reachable from both.  When
-	either <rev1> or <rev2> is omitted, it defaults to 'HEAD'.
+	either <rev1> or <rev2> is omitted, it defaults to `HEAD`.
 
 '<rev>{caret}@', e.g. 'HEAD{caret}@'::
   A suffix '{caret}' followed by an at sign is the same as listing
@@ -274,16 +344,35 @@ To summarize:
   as giving commit '<rev>' and then all its parents prefixed with
   '{caret}' to exclude them (and their ancestors).
 
-Here are a handful of examples:
-
-   D                G H D
-   D F              G H I J D F
-   ^G D             H D
-   ^D B             E I J F B
-   B..C             C
-   B...C            G H D E B C
-   ^D B C           E I J F B C
-   C                I J F C
-   C^@              I J F
-   C^!              C
-   F^! D            G H D F
+'<rev>{caret}-<n>', e.g. 'HEAD{caret}-, HEAD{caret}-2'::
+	Equivalent to '<rev>{caret}<n>..<rev>', with '<n>' = 1 if not
+	given.
+
+Here are a handful of examples using the Loeliger illustration above,
+with each step in the notation's expansion and selection carefully
+spelt out:
+
+....
+   Args   Expanded arguments    Selected commits
+   D                            G H D
+   D F                          G H I J D F
+   ^G D                         H D
+   ^D B                         E I J F B
+   ^D B C                       E I J F B C
+   C                            I J F C
+   B..C   = ^B C                C
+   B...C  = B ^F C              G H D E B C
+   B^-    = B^..B
+	  = ^B^1 B              E I J F B
+   C^@    = C^1
+	  = F                   I J F
+   B^@    = B^1 B^2 B^3
+	  = D E F               D G H E F I J
+   C^!    = C ^C^@
+	  = C ^C^1
+	  = C ^F                C
+   B^!    = B ^B^@
+	  = B ^B^1 ^B^2 ^B^3
+	  = B ^D ^E ^F          B
+   F^! D  = F ^I ^J D           G H D F
+....
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-argv-array.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-argv-array.txt
index 1a797812fb..870c8edbfb 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-argv-array.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-argv-array.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ always NULL-terminated at the element pointed to by `argv[argc]`. This
 makes the result suitable for passing to functions expecting to receive
 argv from main(), or the link:api-run-command.html[run-command API].
 
-The link:api-string-list.html[string-list API] is similar, but cannot be
+The string-list API (documented in string-list.h) is similar, but cannot be
 used for these purposes; instead of storing a straight string pointer,
 it contains an item structure with a `util` field that is not compatible
 with the traditional argv interface.
@@ -46,6 +46,9 @@ Functions
 	Format a string and push it onto the end of the array. This is a
 	convenience wrapper combining `strbuf_addf` and `argv_array_push`.
 
+`argv_array_pushv`::
+	Push a null-terminated array of strings onto the end of the array.
+
 `argv_array_pop`::
 	Remove the final element from the array. If there are no
 	elements in the array, do nothing.
@@ -53,3 +56,10 @@ Functions
 `argv_array_clear`::
 	Free all memory associated with the array and return it to the
 	initial, empty state.
+
+`argv_array_detach`::
+	Disconnect the `argv` member from the `argv_array` struct and
+	return it. The caller is responsible for freeing the memory used
+	by the array, and by the strings it references. After detaching,
+	the `argv_array` is in a reinitialized state and can be pushed
+	into again.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-builtin.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-builtin.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 22a39b9299..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-builtin.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-builtin API
-===========
-
-Adding a new built-in
----------------------
-
-There are 4 things to do to add a built-in command implementation to
-Git:
-
-. Define the implementation of the built-in command `foo` with
-  signature:
-
-	int cmd_foo(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
-
-. Add the external declaration for the function to `builtin.h`.
-
-. Add the command to the `commands[]` table defined in `git.c`.
-  The entry should look like:
-
-	{ "foo", cmd_foo, <options> },
-+
-where options is the bitwise-or of:
-
-`RUN_SETUP`::
-	If there is not a Git directory to work on, abort.  If there
-	is a work tree, chdir to the top of it if the command was
-	invoked in a subdirectory.  If there is no work tree, no
-	chdir() is done.
-
-`RUN_SETUP_GENTLY`::
-	If there is a Git directory, chdir as per RUN_SETUP, otherwise,
-	don't chdir anywhere.
-
-`USE_PAGER`::
-
-	If the standard output is connected to a tty, spawn a pager and
-	feed our output to it.
-
-`NEED_WORK_TREE`::
-
-	Make sure there is a work tree, i.e. the command cannot act
-	on bare repositories.
-	This only makes sense when `RUN_SETUP` is also set.
-
-. Add `builtin/foo.o` to `BUILTIN_OBJS` in `Makefile`.
-
-Additionally, if `foo` is a new command, there are 3 more things to do:
-
-. Add tests to `t/` directory.
-
-. Write documentation in `Documentation/git-foo.txt`.
-
-. Add an entry for `git-foo` to `command-list.txt`.
-
-. Add an entry for `/git-foo` to `.gitignore`.
-
-
-How a built-in is called
-------------------------
-
-The implementation `cmd_foo()` takes three parameters, `argc`, `argv,
-and `prefix`.  The first two are similar to what `main()` of a
-standalone command would be called with.
-
-When `RUN_SETUP` is specified in the `commands[]` table, and when you
-were started from a subdirectory of the work tree, `cmd_foo()` is called
-after chdir(2) to the top of the work tree, and `prefix` gets the path
-to the subdirectory the command started from.  This allows you to
-convert a user-supplied pathname (typically relative to that directory)
-to a pathname relative to the top of the work tree.
-
-The return value from `cmd_foo()` becomes the exit status of the
-command.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt
index 0d8b99b368..fa39ac9d71 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt
@@ -47,28 +47,23 @@ will first feed the user-wide one to the callback, and then the
 repo-specific one; by overwriting, the higher-priority repo-specific
 value is left at the end).
 
-The `git_config_with_options` function lets the caller examine config
+The `config_with_options` function lets the caller examine config
 while adjusting some of the default behavior of `git_config`. It should
 almost never be used by "regular" Git code that is looking up
 configuration variables. It is intended for advanced callers like
 `git-config`, which are intentionally tweaking the normal config-lookup
 process. It takes two extra parameters:
 
-`filename`::
-If this parameter is non-NULL, it specifies the name of a file to
-parse for configuration, rather than looking in the usual files. Regular
-`git_config` defaults to `NULL`.
+`config_source`::
+If this parameter is non-NULL, it specifies the source to parse for
+configuration, rather than looking in the usual files. See `struct
+git_config_source` in `config.h` for details. Regular `git_config` defaults
+to `NULL`.
 
-`respect_includes`::
-Specify whether include directives should be followed in parsed files.
-Regular `git_config` defaults to `1`.
-
-There is a special version of `git_config` called `git_config_early`.
-This version takes an additional parameter to specify the repository
-config, instead of having it looked up via `git_path`. This is useful
-early in a Git program before the repository has been found. Unless
-you're working with early setup code, you probably don't want to use
-this.
+`opts`::
+Specify options to adjust the behavior of parsing config files. See `struct
+config_options` in `config.h` for details. As an example: regular `git_config`
+sets `opts.respect_includes` to `1` by default.
 
 Reading Specific Files
 ----------------------
@@ -193,7 +188,7 @@ parsing is successful, the return value is the result.
 Same as `git_config_bool`, except that integers are returned as-is, and
 an `is_bool` flag is unset.
 
-`git_config_maybe_bool`::
+`git_parse_maybe_bool`::
 Same as `git_config_bool`, except that it returns -1 on error rather
 than dying.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt
index e44426dd04..75368f26ca 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ appended to its command line, which is one of:
 The details of the credential will be provided on the helper's stdin
 stream. The exact format is the same as the input/output format of the
 `git credential` plumbing command (see the section `INPUT/OUTPUT
-FORMAT` in linkgit:git-credential[7] for a detailed specification).
+FORMAT` in linkgit:git-credential[1] for a detailed specification).
 
 For a `get` operation, the helper should produce a list of attributes
 on stdout in the same format. A helper is free to produce a subset, or
@@ -268,4 +268,4 @@ See also
 
 linkgit:gitcredentials[7]
 
-linkgit:git-config[5] (See configuration variables `credential.*`)
+linkgit:git-config[1] (See configuration variables `credential.*`)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-decorate.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-decorate.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 1d52a6ce14..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-decorate.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-decorate API
-============
-
-Talk about <decorate.h>
-
-(Linus)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt
index 7f8e78d916..5abb8e8b1f 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt
@@ -22,16 +22,41 @@ The notable options are:
 
 `flags`::
 
-	A bit-field of options (the `*IGNORED*` flags are mutually exclusive):
+	A bit-field of options:
 
 `DIR_SHOW_IGNORED`:::
 
-	Return just ignored files in `entries[]`, not untracked files.
+	Return just ignored files in `entries[]`, not untracked
+	files. This flag is mutually exclusive with
+	`DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO`.
 
 `DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO`:::
 
-	Similar to `DIR_SHOW_IGNORED`, but return ignored files in `ignored[]`
-	in addition to untracked files in `entries[]`.
+	Similar to `DIR_SHOW_IGNORED`, but return ignored files in
+	`ignored[]` in addition to untracked files in
+	`entries[]`. This flag is mutually exclusive with
+	`DIR_SHOW_IGNORED`.
+
+`DIR_KEEP_UNTRACKED_CONTENTS`:::
+
+	Only has meaning if `DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO` is also set; if this is set, the
+	untracked contents of untracked directories are also returned in
+	`entries[]`.
+
+`DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO_MODE_MATCHING`:::
+
+	Only has meaning if `DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO` is also set; if
+	this is set, returns ignored files and directories that match
+	an exclude pattern. If a directory matches an exclude pattern,
+	then the directory is returned and the contained paths are
+	not. A directory that does not match an exclude pattern will
+	not be returned even if all of its contents are ignored. In
+	this case, the contents are returned as individual entries.
++
+If this is set, files and directories that explicitly match an ignore
+pattern are reported. Implicitly ignored directories (directories that
+do not match an ignore pattern, but whose contents are all ignored)
+are not reported, instead all of the contents are reported.
 
 `DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED`:::
 
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-error-handling.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-error-handling.txt
index fc68db126e..ceeedd485c 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-error-handling.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-error-handling.txt
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ to `die` or `error` as-is.  For example:
 	if (ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err))
 		die("%s", err.buf);
 
-The 'err' parameter will be untouched if no error occured, so multiple
+The 'err' parameter will be untouched if no error occurred, so multiple
 function calls can be chained:
 
 	t = ref_transaction_begin(&err);
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-gitattributes.txt
index 2602668677..45f0df600f 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-gitattributes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-gitattributes.txt
@@ -16,10 +16,15 @@ Data Structure
 	of no interest to the calling programs.  The name of the
 	attribute can be retrieved by calling `git_attr_name()`.
 
-`struct git_attr_check`::
+`struct attr_check_item`::
 
-	This structure represents a set of attributes to check in a call
-	to `git_check_attr()` function, and receives the results.
+	This structure represents one attribute and its value.
+
+`struct attr_check`::
+
+	This structure represents a collection of `attr_check_item`.
+	It is passed to `git_check_attr()` function, specifying the
+	attributes to check, and receives their values.
 
 
 Attribute Values
@@ -27,7 +32,7 @@ Attribute Values
 
 An attribute for a path can be in one of four states: Set, Unset,
 Unspecified or set to a string, and `.value` member of `struct
-git_attr_check` records it.  There are three macros to check these:
+attr_check_item` records it.  There are three macros to check these:
 
 `ATTR_TRUE()`::
 
@@ -48,49 +53,51 @@ value of the attribute for the path.
 Querying Specific Attributes
 ----------------------------
 
-* Prepare an array of `struct git_attr_check` to define the list of
-  attributes you would want to check.  To populate this array, you would
-  need to define necessary attributes by calling `git_attr()` function.
+* Prepare `struct attr_check` using attr_check_initl()
+  function, enumerating the names of attributes whose values you are
+  interested in, terminated with a NULL pointer.  Alternatively, an
+  empty `struct attr_check` can be prepared by calling
+  `attr_check_alloc()` function and then attributes you want to
+  ask about can be added to it with `attr_check_append()`
+  function.
 
 * Call `git_check_attr()` to check the attributes for the path.
 
-* Inspect `git_attr_check` structure to see how each of the attribute in
-  the array is defined for the path.
+* Inspect `attr_check` structure to see how each of the
+  attribute in the array is defined for the path.
 
 
 Example
 -------
 
-To see how attributes "crlf" and "indent" are set for different paths.
+To see how attributes "crlf" and "ident" are set for different paths.
 
-. Prepare an array of `struct git_attr_check` with two elements (because
-  we are checking two attributes).  Initialize their `attr` member with
-  pointers to `struct git_attr` obtained by calling `git_attr()`:
+. Prepare a `struct attr_check` with two elements (because
+  we are checking two attributes):
 
 ------------
-static struct git_attr_check check[2];
+static struct attr_check *check;
 static void setup_check(void)
 {
-	if (check[0].attr)
+	if (check)
 		return; /* already done */
-	check[0].attr = git_attr("crlf");
-	check[1].attr = git_attr("ident");
+	check = attr_check_initl("crlf", "ident", NULL);
 }
 ------------
 
-. Call `git_check_attr()` with the prepared array of `struct git_attr_check`:
+. Call `git_check_attr()` with the prepared `struct attr_check`:
 
 ------------
 	const char *path;
 
 	setup_check();
-	git_check_attr(path, ARRAY_SIZE(check), check);
+	git_check_attr(path, check);
 ------------
 
-. Act on `.value` member of the result, left in `check[]`:
+. Act on `.value` member of the result, left in `check->items[]`:
 
 ------------
-	const char *value = check[0].value;
+	const char *value = check->items[0].value;
 
 	if (ATTR_TRUE(value)) {
 		The attribute is Set, by listing only the name of the
@@ -109,20 +116,39 @@ static void setup_check(void)
 	}
 ------------
 
+To see how attributes in argv[] are set for different paths, only
+the first step in the above would be different.
+
+------------
+static struct attr_check *check;
+static void setup_check(const char **argv)
+{
+	check = attr_check_alloc();
+	while (*argv) {
+		struct git_attr *attr = git_attr(*argv);
+		attr_check_append(check, attr);
+		argv++;
+	}
+}
+------------
+
 
 Querying All Attributes
 -----------------------
 
 To get the values of all attributes associated with a file:
 
-* Call `git_all_attrs()`, which returns an array of `git_attr_check`
-  structures.
+* Prepare an empty `attr_check` structure by calling
+  `attr_check_alloc()`.
+
+* Call `git_all_attrs()`, which populates the `attr_check`
+  with the attributes attached to the path.
 
-* Iterate over the `git_attr_check` array to examine the attribute
-  names and values.  The name of the attribute described by a
-  `git_attr_check` object can be retrieved via
-  `git_attr_name(check[i].attr)`.  (Please note that no items will be
-  returned for unset attributes, so `ATTR_UNSET()` will return false
-  for all returned `git_array_check` objects.)
+* Iterate over the `attr_check.items[]` array to examine
+  the attribute names and values.  The name of the attribute
+  described by an `attr_check.items[]` object can be retrieved via
+  `git_attr_name(check->items[i].attr)`.  (Please note that no items
+  will be returned for unset attributes, so `ATTR_UNSET()` will return
+  false for all returned `attr_check.items[]` objects.)
 
-* Free the `git_array_check` array.
+* Free the `attr_check` struct by calling `attr_check_free()`.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-hashmap.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-hashmap.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index ad7a5bddd2..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-hashmap.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,280 +0,0 @@
-hashmap API
-===========
-
-The hashmap API is a generic implementation of hash-based key-value mappings.
-
-Data Structures
----------------
-
-`struct hashmap`::
-
-	The hash table structure. Members can be used as follows, but should
-	not be modified directly:
-+
-The `size` member keeps track of the total number of entries (0 means the
-hashmap is empty).
-+
-`tablesize` is the allocated size of the hash table. A non-0 value indicates
-that the hashmap is initialized. It may also be useful for statistical purposes
-(i.e. `size / tablesize` is the current load factor).
-+
-`cmpfn` stores the comparison function specified in `hashmap_init()`. In
-advanced scenarios, it may be useful to change this, e.g. to switch between
-case-sensitive and case-insensitive lookup.
-
-`struct hashmap_entry`::
-
-	An opaque structure representing an entry in the hash table, which must
-	be used as first member of user data structures. Ideally it should be
-	followed by an int-sized member to prevent unused memory on 64-bit
-	systems due to alignment.
-+
-The `hash` member is the entry's hash code and the `next` member points to the
-next entry in case of collisions (i.e. if multiple entries map to the same
-bucket).
-
-`struct hashmap_iter`::
-
-	An iterator structure, to be used with hashmap_iter_* functions.
-
-Types
------
-
-`int (*hashmap_cmp_fn)(const void *entry, const void *entry_or_key, const void *keydata)`::
-
-	User-supplied function to test two hashmap entries for equality. Shall
-	return 0 if the entries are equal.
-+
-This function is always called with non-NULL `entry` / `entry_or_key`
-parameters that have the same hash code. When looking up an entry, the `key`
-and `keydata` parameters to hashmap_get and hashmap_remove are always passed
-as second and third argument, respectively. Otherwise, `keydata` is NULL.
-
-Functions
----------
-
-`unsigned int strhash(const char *buf)`::
-`unsigned int strihash(const char *buf)`::
-`unsigned int memhash(const void *buf, size_t len)`::
-`unsigned int memihash(const void *buf, size_t len)`::
-
-	Ready-to-use hash functions for strings, using the FNV-1 algorithm (see
-	http://www.isthe.com/chongo/tech/comp/fnv).
-+
-`strhash` and `strihash` take 0-terminated strings, while `memhash` and
-`memihash` operate on arbitrary-length memory.
-+
-`strihash` and `memihash` are case insensitive versions.
-
-`unsigned int sha1hash(const unsigned char *sha1)`::
-
-	Converts a cryptographic hash (e.g. SHA-1) into an int-sized hash code
-	for use in hash tables. Cryptographic hashes are supposed to have
-	uniform distribution, so in contrast to `memhash()`, this just copies
-	the first `sizeof(int)` bytes without shuffling any bits. Note that
-	the results will be different on big-endian and little-endian
-	platforms, so they should not be stored or transferred over the net.
-
-`void hashmap_init(struct hashmap *map, hashmap_cmp_fn equals_function, size_t initial_size)`::
-
-	Initializes a hashmap structure.
-+
-`map` is the hashmap to initialize.
-+
-The `equals_function` can be specified to compare two entries for equality.
-If NULL, entries are considered equal if their hash codes are equal.
-+
-If the total number of entries is known in advance, the `initial_size`
-parameter may be used to preallocate a sufficiently large table and thus
-prevent expensive resizing. If 0, the table is dynamically resized.
-
-`void hashmap_free(struct hashmap *map, int free_entries)`::
-
-	Frees a hashmap structure and allocated memory.
-+
-`map` is the hashmap to free.
-+
-If `free_entries` is true, each hashmap_entry in the map is freed as well
-(using stdlib's free()).
-
-`void hashmap_entry_init(void *entry, unsigned int hash)`::
-
-	Initializes a hashmap_entry structure.
-+
-`entry` points to the entry to initialize.
-+
-`hash` is the hash code of the entry.
-
-`void *hashmap_get(const struct hashmap *map, const void *key, const void *keydata)`::
-
-	Returns the hashmap entry for the specified key, or NULL if not found.
-+
-`map` is the hashmap structure.
-+
-`key` is a hashmap_entry structure (or user data structure that starts with
-hashmap_entry) that has at least been initialized with the proper hash code
-(via `hashmap_entry_init`).
-+
-If an entry with matching hash code is found, `key` and `keydata` are passed
-to `hashmap_cmp_fn` to decide whether the entry matches the key.
-
-`void *hashmap_get_from_hash(const struct hashmap *map, unsigned int hash, const void *keydata)`::
-
-	Returns the hashmap entry for the specified hash code and key data,
-	or NULL if not found.
-+
-`map` is the hashmap structure.
-+
-`hash` is the hash code of the entry to look up.
-+
-If an entry with matching hash code is found, `keydata` is passed to
-`hashmap_cmp_fn` to decide whether the entry matches the key. The
-`entry_or_key` parameter points to a bogus hashmap_entry structure that
-should not be used in the comparison.
-
-`void *hashmap_get_next(const struct hashmap *map, const void *entry)`::
-
-	Returns the next equal hashmap entry, or NULL if not found. This can be
-	used to iterate over duplicate entries (see `hashmap_add`).
-+
-`map` is the hashmap structure.
-+
-`entry` is the hashmap_entry to start the search from, obtained via a previous
-call to `hashmap_get` or `hashmap_get_next`.
-
-`void hashmap_add(struct hashmap *map, void *entry)`::
-
-	Adds a hashmap entry. This allows to add duplicate entries (i.e.
-	separate values with the same key according to hashmap_cmp_fn).
-+
-`map` is the hashmap structure.
-+
-`entry` is the entry to add.
-
-`void *hashmap_put(struct hashmap *map, void *entry)`::
-
-	Adds or replaces a hashmap entry. If the hashmap contains duplicate
-	entries equal to the specified entry, only one of them will be replaced.
-+
-`map` is the hashmap structure.
-+
-`entry` is the entry to add or replace.
-+
-Returns the replaced entry, or NULL if not found (i.e. the entry was added).
-
-`void *hashmap_remove(struct hashmap *map, const void *key, const void *keydata)`::
-
-	Removes a hashmap entry matching the specified key. If the hashmap
-	contains duplicate entries equal to the specified key, only one of
-	them will be removed.
-+
-`map` is the hashmap structure.
-+
-`key` is a hashmap_entry structure (or user data structure that starts with
-hashmap_entry) that has at least been initialized with the proper hash code
-(via `hashmap_entry_init`).
-+
-If an entry with matching hash code is found, `key` and `keydata` are
-passed to `hashmap_cmp_fn` to decide whether the entry matches the key.
-+
-Returns the removed entry, or NULL if not found.
-
-`void hashmap_iter_init(struct hashmap *map, struct hashmap_iter *iter)`::
-`void *hashmap_iter_next(struct hashmap_iter *iter)`::
-`void *hashmap_iter_first(struct hashmap *map, struct hashmap_iter *iter)`::
-
-	Used to iterate over all entries of a hashmap.
-+
-`hashmap_iter_init` initializes a `hashmap_iter` structure.
-+
-`hashmap_iter_next` returns the next hashmap_entry, or NULL if there are no
-more entries.
-+
-`hashmap_iter_first` is a combination of both (i.e. initializes the iterator
-and returns the first entry, if any).
-
-`const char *strintern(const char *string)`::
-`const void *memintern(const void *data, size_t len)`::
-
-	Returns the unique, interned version of the specified string or data,
-	similar to the `String.intern` API in Java and .NET, respectively.
-	Interned strings remain valid for the entire lifetime of the process.
-+
-Can be used as `[x]strdup()` or `xmemdupz` replacement, except that interned
-strings / data must not be modified or freed.
-+
-Interned strings are best used for short strings with high probability of
-duplicates.
-+
-Uses a hashmap to store the pool of interned strings.
-
-Usage example
--------------
-
-Here's a simple usage example that maps long keys to double values.
-------------
-struct hashmap map;
-
-struct long2double {
-	struct hashmap_entry ent; /* must be the first member! */
-	long key;
-	double value;
-};
-
-static int long2double_cmp(const struct long2double *e1, const struct long2double *e2, const void *unused)
-{
-	return !(e1->key == e2->key);
-}
-
-void long2double_init(void)
-{
-	hashmap_init(&map, (hashmap_cmp_fn) long2double_cmp, 0);
-}
-
-void long2double_free(void)
-{
-	hashmap_free(&map, 1);
-}
-
-static struct long2double *find_entry(long key)
-{
-	struct long2double k;
-	hashmap_entry_init(&k, memhash(&key, sizeof(long)));
-	k.key = key;
-	return hashmap_get(&map, &k, NULL);
-}
-
-double get_value(long key)
-{
-	struct long2double *e = find_entry(key);
-	return e ? e->value : 0;
-}
-
-void set_value(long key, double value)
-{
-	struct long2double *e = find_entry(key);
-	if (!e) {
-		e = malloc(sizeof(struct long2double));
-		hashmap_entry_init(e, memhash(&key, sizeof(long)));
-		e->key = key;
-		hashmap_add(&map, e);
-	}
-	e->value = value;
-}
-------------
-
-Using variable-sized keys
--------------------------
-
-The `hashmap_entry_get` and `hashmap_entry_remove` functions expect an ordinary
-`hashmap_entry` structure as key to find the correct entry. If the key data is
-variable-sized (e.g. a FLEX_ARRAY string) or quite large, it is undesirable
-to create a full-fledged entry structure on the heap and copy all the key data
-into the structure.
-
-In this case, the `keydata` parameter can be used to pass
-variable-sized key data directly to the comparison function, and the `key`
-parameter can be a stripped-down, fixed size entry structure allocated on the
-stack.
-
-See test-hashmap.c for an example using arbitrary-length strings as keys.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-in-core-index.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-in-core-index.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index adbdbf5d75..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-in-core-index.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-in-core index API
-=================
-
-Talk about <read-cache.c> and <cache-tree.c>, things like:
-
-* cache -> the_index macros
-* read_index()
-* write_index()
-* ie_match_stat() and ie_modified(); how they are different and when to
-  use which.
-* index_name_pos()
-* remove_index_entry_at()
-* remove_file_from_index()
-* add_file_to_index()
-* add_index_entry()
-* refresh_index()
-* discard_index()
-* cache_tree_invalidate_path()
-* cache_tree_update()
-
-(JC, Linus)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-lockfile.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-lockfile.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 93b5f23e4c..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-lockfile.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,220 +0,0 @@
-lockfile API
-============
-
-The lockfile API serves two purposes:
-
-* Mutual exclusion and atomic file updates. When we want to change a
-  file, we create a lockfile `<filename>.lock`, write the new file
-  contents into it, and then rename the lockfile to its final
-  destination `<filename>`. We create the `<filename>.lock` file with
-  `O_CREAT|O_EXCL` so that we can notice and fail if somebody else has
-  already locked the file, then atomically rename the lockfile to its
-  final destination to commit the changes and unlock the file.
-
-* Automatic cruft removal. If the program exits after we lock a file
-  but before the changes have been committed, we want to make sure
-  that we remove the lockfile. This is done by remembering the
-  lockfiles we have created in a linked list and setting up an
-  `atexit(3)` handler and a signal handler that clean up the
-  lockfiles. This mechanism ensures that outstanding lockfiles are
-  cleaned up if the program exits (including when `die()` is called)
-  or if the program dies on a signal.
-
-Please note that lockfiles only block other writers. Readers do not
-block, but they are guaranteed to see either the old contents of the
-file or the new contents of the file (assuming that the filesystem
-implements `rename(2)` atomically).
-
-
-Calling sequence
-----------------
-
-The caller:
-
-* Allocates a `struct lock_file` either as a static variable or on the
-  heap, initialized to zeros. Once you use the structure to call the
-  `hold_lock_file_*` family of functions, it belongs to the lockfile
-  subsystem and its storage must remain valid throughout the life of
-  the program (i.e. you cannot use an on-stack variable to hold this
-  structure).
-
-* Attempts to create a lockfile by passing that variable and the path
-  of the final destination (e.g. `$GIT_DIR/index`) to
-  `hold_lock_file_for_update` or `hold_lock_file_for_append`.
-
-* Writes new content for the destination file by either:
-
-  * writing to the file descriptor returned by the `hold_lock_file_*`
-    functions (also available via `lock->fd`).
-
-  * calling `fdopen_lock_file` to get a `FILE` pointer for the open
-    file and writing to the file using stdio.
-
-When finished writing, the caller can:
-
-* Close the file descriptor and rename the lockfile to its final
-  destination by calling `commit_lock_file` or `commit_lock_file_to`.
-
-* Close the file descriptor and remove the lockfile by calling
-  `rollback_lock_file`.
-
-* Close the file descriptor without removing or renaming the lockfile
-  by calling `close_lock_file`, and later call `commit_lock_file`,
-  `commit_lock_file_to`, `rollback_lock_file`, or `reopen_lock_file`.
-
-Even after the lockfile is committed or rolled back, the `lock_file`
-object must not be freed or altered by the caller. However, it may be
-reused; just pass it to another call of `hold_lock_file_for_update` or
-`hold_lock_file_for_append`.
-
-If the program exits before you have called one of `commit_lock_file`,
-`commit_lock_file_to`, `rollback_lock_file`, or `close_lock_file`, an
-`atexit(3)` handler will close and remove the lockfile, rolling back
-any uncommitted changes.
-
-If you need to close the file descriptor you obtained from a
-`hold_lock_file_*` function yourself, do so by calling
-`close_lock_file`. You should never call `close(2)` or `fclose(3)`
-yourself! Otherwise the `struct lock_file` structure would still think
-that the file descriptor needs to be closed, and a commit or rollback
-would result in duplicate calls to `close(2)`. Worse yet, if you close
-and then later open another file descriptor for a completely different
-purpose, then a commit or rollback might close that unrelated file
-descriptor.
-
-
-Error handling
---------------
-
-The `hold_lock_file_*` functions return a file descriptor on success
-or -1 on failure (unless `LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR` is used; see below). On
-errors, `errno` describes the reason for failure. Errors can be
-reported by passing `errno` to one of the following helper functions:
-
-unable_to_lock_message::
-
-	Append an appropriate error message to a `strbuf`.
-
-unable_to_lock_error::
-
-	Emit an appropriate error message using `error()`.
-
-unable_to_lock_die::
-
-	Emit an appropriate error message and `die()`.
-
-Similarly, `commit_lock_file`, `commit_lock_file_to`, and
-`close_lock_file` return 0 on success. On failure they set `errno`
-appropriately, do their best to roll back the lockfile, and return -1.
-
-
-Flags
------
-
-The following flags can be passed to `hold_lock_file_for_update` or
-`hold_lock_file_for_append`:
-
-LOCK_NO_DEREF::
-
-	Usually symbolic links in the destination path are resolved
-	and the lockfile is created by adding ".lock" to the resolved
-	path. If `LOCK_NO_DEREF` is set, then the lockfile is created
-	by adding ".lock" to the path argument itself. This option is
-	used, for example, when locking a symbolic reference, which
-	for backwards-compatibility reasons can be a symbolic link
-	containing the name of the referred-to-reference.
-
-LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR::
-
-	If a lock is already taken for the file, `die()` with an error
-	message. If this option is not specified, trying to lock a
-	file that is already locked returns -1 to the caller.
-
-
-The functions
--------------
-
-hold_lock_file_for_update::
-
-	Take a pointer to `struct lock_file`, the path of the file to
-	be locked (e.g. `$GIT_DIR/index`) and a flags argument (see
-	above). Attempt to create a lockfile for the destination and
-	return the file descriptor for writing to the file.
-
-hold_lock_file_for_append::
-
-	Like `hold_lock_file_for_update`, but before returning copy
-	the existing contents of the file (if any) to the lockfile and
-	position its write pointer at the end of the file.
-
-fdopen_lock_file::
-
-	Associate a stdio stream with the lockfile. Return NULL
-	(*without* rolling back the lockfile) on error. The stream is
-	closed automatically when `close_lock_file` is called or when
-	the file is committed or rolled back.
-
-get_locked_file_path::
-
-	Return the path of the file that is locked by the specified
-	lock_file object. The caller must free the memory.
-
-commit_lock_file::
-
-	Take a pointer to the `struct lock_file` initialized with an
-	earlier call to `hold_lock_file_for_update` or
-	`hold_lock_file_for_append`, close the file descriptor, and
-	rename the lockfile to its final destination. Return 0 upon
-	success. On failure, roll back the lock file and return -1,
-	with `errno` set to the value from the failing call to
-	`close(2)` or `rename(2)`. It is a bug to call
-	`commit_lock_file` for a `lock_file` object that is not
-	currently locked.
-
-commit_lock_file_to::
-
-	Like `commit_lock_file()`, except that it takes an explicit
-	`path` argument to which the lockfile should be renamed. The
-	`path` must be on the same filesystem as the lock file.
-
-rollback_lock_file::
-
-	Take a pointer to the `struct lock_file` initialized with an
-	earlier call to `hold_lock_file_for_update` or
-	`hold_lock_file_for_append`, close the file descriptor and
-	remove the lockfile. It is a NOOP to call
-	`rollback_lock_file()` for a `lock_file` object that has
-	already been committed or rolled back.
-
-close_lock_file::
-
-	Take a pointer to the `struct lock_file` initialized with an
-	earlier call to `hold_lock_file_for_update` or
-	`hold_lock_file_for_append`. Close the file descriptor (and
-	the file pointer if it has been opened using
-	`fdopen_lock_file`). Return 0 upon success. On failure to
-	`close(2)`, return a negative value and roll back the lock
-	file. Usually `commit_lock_file`, `commit_lock_file_to`, or
-	`rollback_lock_file` should eventually be called if
-	`close_lock_file` succeeds.
-
-reopen_lock_file::
-
-	Re-open a lockfile that has been closed (using
-	`close_lock_file`) but not yet committed or rolled back. This
-	can be used to implement a sequence of operations like the
-	following:
-
-	* Lock file.
-
-	* Write new contents to lockfile, then `close_lock_file` to
-	  cause the contents to be written to disk.
-
-	* Pass the name of the lockfile to another program to allow it
-	  (and nobody else) to inspect the contents you wrote, while
-	  still holding the lock yourself.
-
-	* `reopen_lock_file` to reopen the lockfile. Make further
-	  updates to the contents.
-
-	* `commit_lock_file` to make the final version permanent.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-object-access.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-object-access.txt
index 03bb0e950d..5b29622d00 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-object-access.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-object-access.txt
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 object access API
 =================
 
-Talk about <sha1_file.c> and <object.h> family, things like
+Talk about <sha1-file.c> and <object.h> family, things like
 
 * read_sha1_file()
 * read_object_with_reference()
 * has_sha1_file()
 * write_sha1_file()
-* pretend_sha1_file()
+* pretend_object_file()
 * lookup_{object,commit,tag,blob,tree}
 * parse_{object,commit,tag,blob,tree}
 * Use of object flags
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-oid-array.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-oid-array.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9febfb1d52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-oid-array.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+oid-array API
+==============
+
+The oid-array API provides storage and manipulation of sets of object
+identifiers. The emphasis is on storage and processing efficiency,
+making them suitable for large lists. Note that the ordering of items is
+not preserved over some operations.
+
+Data Structures
+---------------
+
+`struct oid_array`::
+
+	A single array of object IDs. This should be initialized by
+	assignment from `OID_ARRAY_INIT`.  The `oid` member contains
+	the actual data. The `nr` member contains the number of items in
+	the set.  The `alloc` and `sorted` members are used internally,
+	and should not be needed by API callers.
+
+Functions
+---------
+
+`oid_array_append`::
+	Add an item to the set. The object ID will be placed at the end of
+	the array (but note that some operations below may lose this
+	ordering).
+
+`oid_array_lookup`::
+	Perform a binary search of the array for a specific object ID.
+	If found, returns the offset (in number of elements) of the
+	object ID. If not found, returns a negative integer. If the array
+	is not sorted, this function has the side effect of sorting it.
+
+`oid_array_clear`::
+	Free all memory associated with the array and return it to the
+	initial, empty state.
+
+`oid_array_for_each`::
+	Iterate over each element of the list, executing the callback
+	function for each one. Does not sort the list, so any custom
+	hash order is retained. If the callback returns a non-zero
+	value, the iteration ends immediately and the callback's
+	return is propagated; otherwise, 0 is returned.
+
+`oid_array_for_each_unique`::
+	Iterate over each unique element of the list in sorted order,
+	but otherwise behave like `oid_array_for_each`. If the array
+	is not sorted, this function has the side effect of sorting
+	it.
+
+Examples
+--------
+
+-----------------------------------------
+int print_callback(const struct object_id *oid,
+		    void *data)
+{
+	printf("%s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
+	return 0; /* always continue */
+}
+
+void some_func(void)
+{
+	struct sha1_array hashes = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct object_id oid;
+
+	/* Read objects into our set */
+	while (read_object_from_stdin(oid.hash))
+		oid_array_append(&hashes, &oid);
+
+	/* Check if some objects are in our set */
+	while (read_object_from_stdin(oid.hash)) {
+		if (oid_array_lookup(&hashes, &oid) >= 0)
+			printf("it's in there!\n");
+
+	/*
+	 * Print the unique set of objects. We could also have
+	 * avoided adding duplicate objects in the first place,
+	 * but we would end up re-sorting the array repeatedly.
+	 * Instead, this will sort once and then skip duplicates
+	 * in linear time.
+	 */
+	oid_array_for_each_unique(&hashes, print_callback, NULL);
+}
+-----------------------------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
index 1f2db31312..829b558110 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
@@ -144,8 +144,12 @@ There are some macros to easily define options:
 
 `OPT_COUNTUP(short, long, &int_var, description)`::
 	Introduce a count-up option.
-	`int_var` is incremented on each use of `--option`, and
-	reset to zero with `--no-option`.
+	Each use of `--option` increments `int_var`, starting from zero
+	(even if initially negative), and `--no-option` resets it to
+	zero. To determine if `--option` or `--no-option` was encountered at
+	all, initialize `int_var` to a negative value, and if it is still
+	negative after parse_options(), then neither `--option` nor
+	`--no-option` was seen.
 
 `OPT_BIT(short, long, &int_var, description, mask)`::
 	Introduce a boolean option.
@@ -164,17 +168,28 @@ There are some macros to easily define options:
 	Introduce an option with string argument.
 	The string argument is put into `str_var`.
 
+`OPT_STRING_LIST(short, long, &struct string_list, arg_str, description)`::
+	Introduce an option with string argument.
+	The string argument is stored as an element in `string_list`.
+	Use of `--no-option` will clear the list of preceding values.
+
 `OPT_INTEGER(short, long, &int_var, description)`::
 	Introduce an option with integer argument.
 	The integer is put into `int_var`.
 
-`OPT_DATE(short, long, &int_var, description)`::
+`OPT_MAGNITUDE(short, long, &unsigned_long_var, description)`::
+	Introduce an option with a size argument. The argument must be a
+	non-negative integer and may include a suffix of 'k', 'm' or 'g' to
+	scale the provided value by 1024, 1024^2 or 1024^3 respectively.
+	The scaled value is put into `unsigned_long_var`.
+
+`OPT_DATE(short, long, &timestamp_t_var, description)`::
 	Introduce an option with date argument, see `approxidate()`.
-	The timestamp is put into `int_var`.
+	The timestamp is put into `timestamp_t_var`.
 
-`OPT_EXPIRY_DATE(short, long, &int_var, description)`::
+`OPT_EXPIRY_DATE(short, long, &timestamp_t_var, description)`::
 	Introduce an option with expiry date argument, see `parse_expiry_date()`.
-	The timestamp is put into `int_var`.
+	The timestamp is put into `timestamp_t_var`.
 
 `OPT_CALLBACK(short, long, &var, arg_str, description, func_ptr)`::
 	Introduce an option with argument.
@@ -212,6 +227,26 @@ There are some macros to easily define options:
 	Use it to hide deprecated options that are still to be recognized
 	and ignored silently.
 
+`OPT_PASSTHRU(short, long, &char_var, arg_str, description, flags)`::
+	Introduce an option that will be reconstructed into a char* string,
+	which must be initialized to NULL. This is useful when you need to
+	pass the command-line option to another command. Any previous value
+	will be overwritten, so this should only be used for options where
+	the last one specified on the command line wins.
+
+`OPT_PASSTHRU_ARGV(short, long, &argv_array_var, arg_str, description, flags)`::
+	Introduce an option where all instances of it on the command-line will
+	be reconstructed into an argv_array. This is useful when you need to
+	pass the command-line option, which can be specified multiple times,
+	to another command.
+
+`OPT_CMDMODE(short, long, &int_var, description, enum_val)`::
+	Define an "operation mode" option, only one of which in the same
+	group of "operating mode" options that share the same `int_var`
+	can be given by the user. `enum_val` is set to `int_var` when the
+	option is used, but an error is reported if other "operating mode"
+	option has already set its value to the same `int_var`.
+
 
 The last element of the array must be `OPT_END()`.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-ref-iteration.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-ref-iteration.txt
index 02adfd45d3..46c3d5c355 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-ref-iteration.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-ref-iteration.txt
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Iteration of refs is done by using an iterate function which will call a
 callback function for every ref. The callback function has this
 signature:
 
-	int handle_one_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+	int handle_one_ref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
 			   int flags, void *cb_data);
 
 There are different kinds of iterate functions which all take a
@@ -32,11 +32,8 @@ Iteration functions
 
 * `for_each_glob_ref_in()` the previous and `for_each_ref_in()` combined.
 
-* `head_ref_submodule()`, `for_each_ref_submodule()`,
-  `for_each_ref_in_submodule()`, `for_each_tag_ref_submodule()`,
-  `for_each_branch_ref_submodule()`, `for_each_remote_ref_submodule()`
-  do the same as the functions described above but for a specified
-  submodule.
+* Use `refs_` API for accessing submodules. The submodule ref store could
+  be obtained with `get_submodule_ref_store()`.
 
 * `for_each_rawref()` can be used to learn about broken ref and symref.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt
index 5d245aa9d1..f10941b2e8 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt
@@ -51,6 +51,10 @@ struct remote
 
 	The proxy to use for curl (http, https, ftp, etc.) URLs.
 
+`http_proxy_authmethod`::
+
+	The method used for authenticating against `http_proxy`.
+
 struct remotes can be found by name with remote_get(), and iterated
 through with for_each_remote(). remote_get(NULL) will return the
 default remote, given the current branch and configuration.
@@ -97,10 +101,6 @@ It contains:
 
 	The name of the remote listed in the configuration.
 
-`remote`::
-
-	The struct remote for that remote.
-
 `merge_name`::
 
 	An array of the "merge" lines in the configuration.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt
index a9fdb45b93..8bf3e37f53 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt
@@ -46,6 +46,13 @@ Functions
 	The argument dir corresponds the member .dir. The argument env
 	corresponds to the member .env.
 
+`child_process_clear`::
+
+	Release the memory associated with the struct child_process.
+	Most users of the run-command API don't need to call this
+	function explicitly because `start_command` invokes it on
+	failure and `finish_command` calls it automatically already.
+
 The functions above do the following:
 
 . If a system call failed, errno is set and -1 is returned. A diagnostic
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-setup.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-setup.txt
index 540e455689..eb1fa9853e 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-setup.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-setup.txt
@@ -27,8 +27,6 @@ parse_pathspec(). This function takes several arguments:
 
 - prefix and args come from cmd_* functions
 
-get_pathspec() is obsolete and should never be used in new code.
-
 parse_pathspec() helps catch unsupported features and reject them
 politely. At a lower level, different pathspec-related functions may
 not support the same set of features. Such pathspec-sensitive
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 3e75497a37..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-sha1-array API
-==============
-
-The sha1-array API provides storage and manipulation of sets of SHA-1
-identifiers. The emphasis is on storage and processing efficiency,
-making them suitable for large lists. Note that the ordering of items is
-not preserved over some operations.
-
-Data Structures
----------------
-
-`struct sha1_array`::
-
-	A single array of SHA-1 hashes. This should be initialized by
-	assignment from `SHA1_ARRAY_INIT`.  The `sha1` member contains
-	the actual data. The `nr` member contains the number of items in
-	the set.  The `alloc` and `sorted` members are used internally,
-	and should not be needed by API callers.
-
-Functions
----------
-
-`sha1_array_append`::
-	Add an item to the set. The sha1 will be placed at the end of
-	the array (but note that some operations below may lose this
-	ordering).
-
-`sha1_array_lookup`::
-	Perform a binary search of the array for a specific sha1.
-	If found, returns the offset (in number of elements) of the
-	sha1. If not found, returns a negative integer. If the array is
-	not sorted, this function has the side effect of sorting it.
-
-`sha1_array_clear`::
-	Free all memory associated with the array and return it to the
-	initial, empty state.
-
-`sha1_array_for_each_unique`::
-	Efficiently iterate over each unique element of the list,
-	executing the callback function for each one. If the array is
-	not sorted, this function has the side effect of sorting it.
-
-Examples
---------
-
------------------------------------------
-void print_callback(const unsigned char sha1[20],
-		    void *data)
-{
-	printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-}
-
-void some_func(void)
-{
-	struct sha1_array hashes = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-
-	/* Read objects into our set */
-	while (read_object_from_stdin(sha1))
-		sha1_array_append(&hashes, sha1);
-
-	/* Check if some objects are in our set */
-	while (read_object_from_stdin(sha1)) {
-		if (sha1_array_lookup(&hashes, sha1) >= 0)
-			printf("it's in there!\n");
-
-	/*
-	 * Print the unique set of objects. We could also have
-	 * avoided adding duplicate objects in the first place,
-	 * but we would end up re-sorting the array repeatedly.
-	 * Instead, this will sort once and then skip duplicates
-	 * in linear time.
-	 */
-	sha1_array_for_each_unique(&hashes, print_callback, NULL);
-}
------------------------------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-string-list.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-string-list.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index c08402b12e..0000000000
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-string-list.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,209 +0,0 @@
-string-list API
-===============
-
-The string_list API offers a data structure and functions to handle
-sorted and unsorted string lists.  A "sorted" list is one whose
-entries are sorted by string value in `strcmp()` order.
-
-The 'string_list' struct used to be called 'path_list', but was renamed
-because it is not specific to paths.
-
-The caller:
-
-. Allocates and clears a `struct string_list` variable.
-
-. Initializes the members. You might want to set the flag `strdup_strings`
-  if the strings should be strdup()ed. For example, this is necessary
-  when you add something like git_path("..."), since that function returns
-  a static buffer that will change with the next call to git_path().
-+
-If you need something advanced, you can manually malloc() the `items`
-member (you need this if you add things later) and you should set the
-`nr` and `alloc` members in that case, too.
-
-. Adds new items to the list, using `string_list_append`,
-  `string_list_append_nodup`, `string_list_insert`,
-  `string_list_split`, and/or `string_list_split_in_place`.
-
-. Can check if a string is in the list using `string_list_has_string` or
-  `unsorted_string_list_has_string` and get it from the list using
-  `string_list_lookup` for sorted lists.
-
-. Can sort an unsorted list using `string_list_sort`.
-
-. Can remove duplicate items from a sorted list using
-  `string_list_remove_duplicates`.
-
-. Can remove individual items of an unsorted list using
-  `unsorted_string_list_delete_item`.
-
-. Can remove items not matching a criterion from a sorted or unsorted
-  list using `filter_string_list`, or remove empty strings using
-  `string_list_remove_empty_items`.
-
-. Finally it should free the list using `string_list_clear`.
-
-Example:
-
-----
-struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
-int i;
-
-string_list_append(&list, "foo");
-string_list_append(&list, "bar");
-for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
-	printf("%s\n", list.items[i].string)
-----
-
-NOTE: It is more efficient to build an unsorted list and sort it
-afterwards, instead of building a sorted list (`O(n log n)` instead of
-`O(n^2)`).
-+
-However, if you use the list to check if a certain string was added
-already, you should not do that (using unsorted_string_list_has_string()),
-because the complexity would be quadratic again (but with a worse factor).
-
-Functions
----------
-
-* General ones (works with sorted and unsorted lists as well)
-
-`string_list_init`::
-
-	Initialize the members of the string_list, set `strdup_strings`
-	member according to the value of the second parameter.
-
-`filter_string_list`::
-
-	Apply a function to each item in a list, retaining only the
-	items for which the function returns true.  If free_util is
-	true, call free() on the util members of any items that have
-	to be deleted.  Preserve the order of the items that are
-	retained.
-
-`string_list_remove_empty_items`::
-
-	Remove any empty strings from the list.  If free_util is true,
-	call free() on the util members of any items that have to be
-	deleted.  Preserve the order of the items that are retained.
-
-`print_string_list`::
-
-	Dump a string_list to stdout, useful mainly for debugging purposes. It
-	can take an optional header argument and it writes out the
-	string-pointer pairs of the string_list, each one in its own line.
-
-`string_list_clear`::
-
-	Free a string_list. The `string` pointer of the items will be freed in
-	case the `strdup_strings` member of the string_list is set. The second
-	parameter controls if the `util` pointer of the items should be freed
-	or not.
-
-* Functions for sorted lists only
-
-`string_list_has_string`::
-
-	Determine if the string_list has a given string or not.
-
-`string_list_insert`::
-
-	Insert a new element to the string_list. The returned pointer can be
-	handy if you want to write something to the `util` pointer of the
-	string_list_item containing the just added string. If the given
-	string already exists the insertion will be skipped and the
-	pointer to the existing item returned.
-+
-Since this function uses xrealloc() (which die()s if it fails) if the
-list needs to grow, it is safe not to check the pointer. I.e. you may
-write `string_list_insert(...)->util = ...;`.
-
-`string_list_lookup`::
-
-	Look up a given string in the string_list, returning the containing
-	string_list_item. If the string is not found, NULL is returned.
-
-`string_list_remove_duplicates`::
-
-	Remove all but the first of consecutive entries that have the
-	same string value.  If free_util is true, call free() on the
-	util members of any items that have to be deleted.
-
-* Functions for unsorted lists only
-
-`string_list_append`::
-
-	Append a new string to the end of the string_list.  If
-	`strdup_string` is set, then the string argument is copied;
-	otherwise the new `string_list_entry` refers to the input
-	string.
-
-`string_list_append_nodup`::
-
-	Append a new string to the end of the string_list.  The new
-	`string_list_entry` always refers to the input string, even if
-	`strdup_string` is set.  This function can be used to hand
-	ownership of a malloc()ed string to a `string_list` that has
-	`strdup_string` set.
-
-`string_list_sort`::
-
-	Sort the list's entries by string value in `strcmp()` order.
-
-`unsorted_string_list_has_string`::
-
-	It's like `string_list_has_string()` but for unsorted lists.
-
-`unsorted_string_list_lookup`::
-
-	It's like `string_list_lookup()` but for unsorted lists.
-+
-The above two functions need to look through all items, as opposed to their
-counterpart for sorted lists, which performs a binary search.
-
-`unsorted_string_list_delete_item`::
-
-	Remove an item from a string_list. The `string` pointer of the items
-	will be freed in case the `strdup_strings` member of the string_list
-	is set. The third parameter controls if the `util` pointer of the
-	items should be freed or not.
-
-`string_list_split`::
-`string_list_split_in_place`::
-
-	Split a string into substrings on a delimiter character and
-	append the substrings to a `string_list`.  If `maxsplit` is
-	non-negative, then split at most `maxsplit` times.  Return the
-	number of substrings appended to the list.
-+
-`string_list_split` requires a `string_list` that has `strdup_strings`
-set to true; it leaves the input string untouched and makes copies of
-the substrings in newly-allocated memory.
-`string_list_split_in_place` requires a `string_list` that has
-`strdup_strings` set to false; it splits the input string in place,
-overwriting the delimiter characters with NULs and creating new
-string_list_items that point into the original string (the original
-string must therefore not be modified or freed while the `string_list`
-is in use).
-
-
-Data structures
----------------
-
-* `struct string_list_item`
-
-Represents an item of the list. The `string` member is a pointer to the
-string, and you may use the `util` member for any purpose, if you want.
-
-* `struct string_list`
-
-Represents the list itself.
-
-. The array of items are available via the `items` member.
-. The `nr` member contains the number of items stored in the list.
-. The `alloc` member is used to avoid reallocating at every insertion.
-  You should not tamper with it.
-. Setting the `strdup_strings` member to 1 will strdup() the strings
-  before adding them, see above.
-. The `compare_strings_fn` member is used to specify a custom compare
-  function, otherwise `strcmp()` is used as the default function.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-submodule-config.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-submodule-config.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fb06089393
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-submodule-config.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+submodule config cache API
+==========================
+
+The submodule config cache API allows to read submodule
+configurations/information from specified revisions. Internally
+information is lazily read into a cache that is used to avoid
+unnecessary parsing of the same .gitmodules files. Lookups can be done by
+submodule path or name.
+
+Usage
+-----
+
+To initialize the cache with configurations from the worktree the caller
+typically first calls `gitmodules_config()` to read values from the
+worktree .gitmodules and then to overlay the local git config values
+`parse_submodule_config_option()` from the config parsing
+infrastructure.
+
+The caller can look up information about submodules by using the
+`submodule_from_path()` or `submodule_from_name()` functions. They return
+a `struct submodule` which contains the values. The API automatically
+initializes and allocates the needed infrastructure on-demand. If the
+caller does only want to lookup values from revisions the initialization
+can be skipped.
+
+If the internal cache might grow too big or when the caller is done with
+the API, all internally cached values can be freed with submodule_free().
+
+Data Structures
+---------------
+
+`struct submodule`::
+
+	This structure is used to return the information about one
+	submodule for a certain revision. It is returned by the lookup
+	functions.
+
+Functions
+---------
+
+`void submodule_free(struct repository *r)`::
+
+	Use these to free the internally cached values.
+
+`int parse_submodule_config_option(const char *var, const char *value)`::
+
+	Can be passed to the config parsing infrastructure to parse
+	local (worktree) submodule configurations.
+
+`const struct submodule *submodule_from_path(const unsigned char *treeish_name, const char *path)`::
+
+	Given a tree-ish in the superproject and a path, return the
+	submodule that is bound at the path in the named tree.
+
+`const struct submodule *submodule_from_name(const unsigned char *treeish_name, const char *name)`::
+
+	The same as above but lookup by name.
+
+Whenever a submodule configuration is parsed in `parse_submodule_config_option`
+via e.g. `gitmodules_config()`, it will overwrite the null_sha1 entry.
+So in the normal case, when HEAD:.gitmodules is parsed first and then overlayed
+with the repository configuration, the null_sha1 entry contains the local
+configuration of a submodule (e.g. consolidated values from local git
+configuration and the .gitmodules file in the worktree).
+
+For an example usage see test-submodule-config.c.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-trace.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-trace.txt
index 097a651d96..fadb5979c4 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-trace.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-trace.txt
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ static struct trace_key trace_foo = TRACE_KEY_INIT(FOO);
 
 static void trace_print_foo(const char *message)
 {
-	trace_print_key(&trace_foo, message);
+	trace_printf_key(&trace_foo, "%s", message);
 }
 ------------
 +
@@ -95,3 +95,46 @@ for (;;) {
 }
 trace_performance(t, "frotz");
 ------------
+
+Bugs & Caveats
+--------------
+
+GIT_TRACE_* environment variables can be used to tell Git to show
+trace output to its standard error stream. Git can often spawn a pager
+internally to run its subcommand and send its standard output and
+standard error to it.
+
+Because GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE trace is generated only at the very end
+of the program with atexit(), which happens after the pager exits, it
+would not work well if you send its log to the standard error output
+and let Git spawn the pager at the same time.
+
+As a work around, you can for example use '--no-pager', or set
+GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE to another file descriptor which is redirected
+to stderr, or set GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE to a file specified by its
+absolute path.
+
+For example instead of the following command which by default may not
+print any performance information:
+
+------------
+GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE=2 git log -1
+------------
+
+you may want to use:
+
+------------
+GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE=2 git --no-pager log -1
+------------
+
+or:
+
+------------
+GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE=3 3>&2 git log -1
+------------
+
+or:
+
+------------
+GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE=/path/to/log/file git log -1
+------------
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-tree-walking.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-tree-walking.txt
index 14af37c3f1..bde18622a8 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-tree-walking.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-tree-walking.txt
@@ -55,9 +55,9 @@ Initializing
 
 `fill_tree_descriptor`::
 
-	Initialize a `tree_desc` and decode its first entry given the sha1 of
-	a tree. Returns the `buffer` member if the sha1 is a valid tree
-	identifier and NULL otherwise.
+	Initialize a `tree_desc` and decode its first entry given the
+	object ID of a tree. Returns the `buffer` member if the latter
+	is a valid tree identifier and NULL otherwise.
 
 `setup_traverse_info`::
 
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cc0474ba3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+Git commit graph format
+=======================
+
+The Git commit graph stores a list of commit OIDs and some associated
+metadata, including:
+
+- The generation number of the commit. Commits with no parents have
+  generation number 1; commits with parents have generation number
+  one more than the maximum generation number of its parents. We
+  reserve zero as special, and can be used to mark a generation
+  number invalid or as "not computed".
+
+- The root tree OID.
+
+- The commit date.
+
+- The parents of the commit, stored using positional references within
+  the graph file.
+
+These positional references are stored as unsigned 32-bit integers
+corresponding to the array position within the list of commit OIDs. Due
+to some special constants we use to track parents, we can store at most
+(1 << 30) + (1 << 29) + (1 << 28) - 1 (around 1.8 billion) commits.
+
+== Commit graph files have the following format:
+
+In order to allow extensions that add extra data to the graph, we organize
+the body into "chunks" and provide a binary lookup table at the beginning
+of the body. The header includes certain values, such as number of chunks
+and hash type.
+
+All 4-byte numbers are in network order.
+
+HEADER:
+
+  4-byte signature:
+      The signature is: {'C', 'G', 'P', 'H'}
+
+  1-byte version number:
+      Currently, the only valid version is 1.
+
+  1-byte Hash Version (1 = SHA-1)
+      We infer the hash length (H) from this value.
+
+  1-byte number (C) of "chunks"
+
+  1-byte (reserved for later use)
+     Current clients should ignore this value.
+
+CHUNK LOOKUP:
+
+  (C + 1) * 12 bytes listing the table of contents for the chunks:
+      First 4 bytes describe the chunk id. Value 0 is a terminating label.
+      Other 8 bytes provide the byte-offset in current file for chunk to
+      start. (Chunks are ordered contiguously in the file, so you can infer
+      the length using the next chunk position if necessary.) Each chunk
+      ID appears at most once.
+
+  The remaining data in the body is described one chunk at a time, and
+  these chunks may be given in any order. Chunks are required unless
+  otherwise specified.
+
+CHUNK DATA:
+
+  OID Fanout (ID: {'O', 'I', 'D', 'F'}) (256 * 4 bytes)
+      The ith entry, F[i], stores the number of OIDs with first
+      byte at most i. Thus F[255] stores the total
+      number of commits (N).
+
+  OID Lookup (ID: {'O', 'I', 'D', 'L'}) (N * H bytes)
+      The OIDs for all commits in the graph, sorted in ascending order.
+
+  Commit Data (ID: {'C', 'D', 'A', 'T' }) (N * (H + 16) bytes)
+    * The first H bytes are for the OID of the root tree.
+    * The next 8 bytes are for the positions of the first two parents
+      of the ith commit. Stores value 0x7000000 if no parent in that
+      position. If there are more than two parents, the second value
+      has its most-significant bit on and the other bits store an array
+      position into the Large Edge List chunk.
+    * The next 8 bytes store the generation number of the commit and
+      the commit time in seconds since EPOCH. The generation number
+      uses the higher 30 bits of the first 4 bytes, while the commit
+      time uses the 32 bits of the second 4 bytes, along with the lowest
+      2 bits of the lowest byte, storing the 33rd and 34th bit of the
+      commit time.
+
+  Large Edge List (ID: {'E', 'D', 'G', 'E'}) [Optional]
+      This list of 4-byte values store the second through nth parents for
+      all octopus merges. The second parent value in the commit data stores
+      an array position within this list along with the most-significant bit
+      on. Starting at that array position, iterate through this list of commit
+      positions for the parents until reaching a value with the most-significant
+      bit on. The other bits correspond to the position of the last parent.
+
+TRAILER:
+
+	H-byte HASH-checksum of all of the above.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/commit-graph.txt b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c664acbd76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+Git Commit Graph Design Notes
+=============================
+
+Git walks the commit graph for many reasons, including:
+
+1. Listing and filtering commit history.
+2. Computing merge bases.
+
+These operations can become slow as the commit count grows. The merge
+base calculation shows up in many user-facing commands, such as 'merge-base'
+or 'status' and can take minutes to compute depending on history shape.
+
+There are two main costs here:
+
+1. Decompressing and parsing commits.
+2. Walking the entire graph to satisfy topological order constraints.
+
+The commit graph file is a supplemental data structure that accelerates
+commit graph walks. If a user downgrades or disables the 'core.commitGraph'
+config setting, then the existing ODB is sufficient. The file is stored
+as "commit-graph" either in the .git/objects/info directory or in the info
+directory of an alternate.
+
+The commit graph file stores the commit graph structure along with some
+extra metadata to speed up graph walks. By listing commit OIDs in lexi-
+cographic order, we can identify an integer position for each commit and
+refer to the parents of a commit using those integer positions. We use
+binary search to find initial commits and then use the integer positions
+for fast lookups during the walk.
+
+A consumer may load the following info for a commit from the graph:
+
+1. The commit OID.
+2. The list of parents, along with their integer position.
+3. The commit date.
+4. The root tree OID.
+5. The generation number (see definition below).
+
+Values 1-4 satisfy the requirements of parse_commit_gently().
+
+Define the "generation number" of a commit recursively as follows:
+
+ * A commit with no parents (a root commit) has generation number one.
+
+ * A commit with at least one parent has generation number one more than
+   the largest generation number among its parents.
+
+Equivalently, the generation number of a commit A is one more than the
+length of a longest path from A to a root commit. The recursive definition
+is easier to use for computation and observing the following property:
+
+    If A and B are commits with generation numbers N and M, respectively,
+    and N <= M, then A cannot reach B. That is, we know without searching
+    that B is not an ancestor of A because it is further from a root commit
+    than A.
+
+    Conversely, when checking if A is an ancestor of B, then we only need
+    to walk commits until all commits on the walk boundary have generation
+    number at most N. If we walk commits using a priority queue seeded by
+    generation numbers, then we always expand the boundary commit with highest
+    generation number and can easily detect the stopping condition.
+
+This property can be used to significantly reduce the time it takes to
+walk commits and determine topological relationships. Without generation
+numbers, the general heuristic is the following:
+
+    If A and B are commits with commit time X and Y, respectively, and
+    X < Y, then A _probably_ cannot reach B.
+
+This heuristic is currently used whenever the computation is allowed to
+violate topological relationships due to clock skew (such as "git log"
+with default order), but is not used when the topological order is
+required (such as merge base calculations, "git log --graph").
+
+In practice, we expect some commits to be created recently and not stored
+in the commit graph. We can treat these commits as having "infinite"
+generation number and walk until reaching commits with known generation
+number.
+
+We use the macro GENERATION_NUMBER_INFINITY = 0xFFFFFFFF to mark commits not
+in the commit-graph file. If a commit-graph file was written by a version
+of Git that did not compute generation numbers, then those commits will
+have generation number represented by the macro GENERATION_NUMBER_ZERO = 0.
+
+Since the commit-graph file is closed under reachability, we can guarantee
+the following weaker condition on all commits:
+
+    If A and B are commits with generation numbers N amd M, respectively,
+    and N < M, then A cannot reach B.
+
+Note how the strict inequality differs from the inequality when we have
+fully-computed generation numbers. Using strict inequality may result in
+walking a few extra commits, but the simplicity in dealing with commits
+with generation number *_INFINITY or *_ZERO is valuable.
+
+We use the macro GENERATION_NUMBER_MAX = 0x3FFFFFFF to for commits whose
+generation numbers are computed to be at least this value. We limit at
+this value since it is the largest value that can be stored in the
+commit-graph file using the 30 bits available to generation numbers. This
+presents another case where a commit can have generation number equal to
+that of a parent.
+
+Design Details
+--------------
+
+- The commit graph file is stored in a file named 'commit-graph' in the
+  .git/objects/info directory. This could be stored in the info directory
+  of an alternate.
+
+- The core.commitGraph config setting must be on to consume graph files.
+
+- The file format includes parameters for the object ID hash function,
+  so a future change of hash algorithm does not require a change in format.
+
+Future Work
+-----------
+
+- The commit graph feature currently does not honor commit grafts. This can
+  be remedied by duplicating or refactoring the current graft logic.
+
+- After computing and storing generation numbers, we must make graph
+  walks aware of generation numbers to gain the performance benefits they
+  enable. This will mostly be accomplished by swapping a commit-date-ordered
+  priority queue with one ordered by generation number. The following
+  operations are important candidates:
+
+    - 'log --topo-order'
+    - 'tag --merged'
+
+- A server could provide a commit graph file as part of the network protocol
+  to avoid extra calculations by clients. This feature is only of benefit if
+  the user is willing to trust the file, because verifying the file is correct
+  is as hard as computing it from scratch.
+
+Related Links
+-------------
+[0] https://bugs.chromium.org/p/git/issues/detail?id=8
+    Chromium work item for: Serialized Commit Graph
+
+[1] https://public-inbox.org/git/20110713070517.GC18566@sigill.intra.peff.net/
+    An abandoned patch that introduced generation numbers.
+
+[2] https://public-inbox.org/git/20170908033403.q7e6dj7benasrjes@sigill.intra.peff.net/
+    Discussion about generation numbers on commits and how they interact
+    with fsck.
+
+[3] https://public-inbox.org/git/20170908034739.4op3w4f2ma5s65ku@sigill.intra.peff.net/
+    More discussion about generation numbers and not storing them inside
+    commit objects. A valuable quote:
+
+    "I think we should be moving more in the direction of keeping
+     repo-local caches for optimizations. Reachability bitmaps have been
+     a big performance win. I think we should be doing the same with our
+     properties of commits. Not just generation numbers, but making it
+     cheap to access the graph structure without zlib-inflating whole
+     commit objects (i.e., packv4 or something like the "metapacks" I
+     proposed a few years ago)."
+
+[4] https://public-inbox.org/git/20180108154822.54829-1-git@jeffhostetler.com/T/#u
+    A patch to remove the ahead-behind calculation from 'status'.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/directory-rename-detection.txt b/Documentation/technical/directory-rename-detection.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1c0086e287
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/directory-rename-detection.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+Directory rename detection
+==========================
+
+Rename detection logic in diffcore-rename that checks for renames of
+individual files is aggregated and analyzed in merge-recursive for cases
+where combinations of renames indicate that a full directory has been
+renamed.
+
+Scope of abilities
+------------------
+
+It is perhaps easiest to start with an example:
+
+  * When all of x/a, x/b and x/c have moved to z/a, z/b and z/c, it is
+    likely that x/d added in the meantime would also want to move to z/d by
+    taking the hint that the entire directory 'x' moved to 'z'.
+
+More interesting possibilities exist, though, such as:
+
+  * one side of history renames x -> z, and the other renames some file to
+    x/e, causing the need for the merge to do a transitive rename.
+
+  * one side of history renames x -> z, but also renames all files within
+    x.  For example, x/a -> z/alpha, x/b -> z/bravo, etc.
+
+  * both 'x' and 'y' being merged into a single directory 'z', with a
+    directory rename being detected for both x->z and y->z.
+
+  * not all files in a directory being renamed to the same location;
+    i.e. perhaps most the files in 'x' are now found under 'z', but a few
+    are found under 'w'.
+
+  * a directory being renamed, which also contained a subdirectory that was
+    renamed to some entirely different location.  (And perhaps the inner
+    directory itself contained inner directories that were renamed to yet
+    other locations).
+
+  * combinations of the above; see t/t6043-merge-rename-directories.sh for
+    various interesting cases.
+
+Limitations -- applicability of directory renames
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+In order to prevent edge and corner cases resulting in either conflicts
+that cannot be represented in the index or which might be too complex for
+users to try to understand and resolve, a couple basic rules limit when
+directory rename detection applies:
+
+  1) If a given directory still exists on both sides of a merge, we do
+     not consider it to have been renamed.
+
+  2) If a subset of to-be-renamed files have a file or directory in the
+     way (or would be in the way of each other), "turn off" the directory
+     rename for those specific sub-paths and report the conflict to the
+     user.
+
+  3) If the other side of history did a directory rename to a path that
+     your side of history renamed away, then ignore that particular
+     rename from the other side of history for any implicit directory
+     renames (but warn the user).
+
+Limitations -- detailed rules and testcases
+-------------------------------------------
+
+t/t6043-merge-rename-directories.sh contains extensive tests and commentary
+which generate and explore the rules listed above.  It also lists a few
+additional rules:
+
+  a) If renames split a directory into two or more others, the directory
+     with the most renames, "wins".
+
+  b) Avoid directory-rename-detection for a path, if that path is the
+     source of a rename on either side of a merge.
+
+  c) Only apply implicit directory renames to directories if the other side
+     of history is the one doing the renaming.
+
+Limitations -- support in different commands
+--------------------------------------------
+
+Directory rename detection is supported by 'merge' and 'cherry-pick'.
+Other git commands which users might be surprised to see limited or no
+directory rename detection support in:
+
+  * diff
+
+    Folks have requested in the past that `git diff` detect directory
+    renames and somehow simplify its output.  It is not clear whether this
+    would be desirable or how the output should be simplified, so this was
+    simply not implemented.  Further, to implement this, directory rename
+    detection logic would need to move from merge-recursive to
+    diffcore-rename.
+
+  * am
+
+    git-am tries to avoid a full three way merge, instead calling
+    git-apply.  That prevents us from detecting renames at all, which may
+    defeat the directory rename detection.  There is a fallback, though; if
+    the initial git-apply fails and the user has specified the -3 option,
+    git-am will fall back to a three way merge.  However, git-am lacks the
+    necessary information to do a "real" three way merge.  Instead, it has
+    to use build_fake_ancestor() to get a merge base that is missing files
+    whose rename may have been important to detect for directory rename
+    detection to function.
+
+  * rebase
+
+    Since am-based rebases work by first generating a bunch of patches
+    (which no longer record what the original commits were and thus don't
+    have the necessary info from which we can find a real merge-base), and
+    then calling git-am, this implies that am-based rebases will not always
+    successfully detect directory renames either (see the 'am' section
+    above).  merged-based rebases (rebase -m) and cherry-pick-based rebases
+    (rebase -i) are not affected by this shortcoming, and fully support
+    directory rename detection.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/hash-function-transition.txt b/Documentation/technical/hash-function-transition.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc2ace2a6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/hash-function-transition.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,827 @@
+Git hash function transition
+============================
+
+Objective
+---------
+Migrate Git from SHA-1 to a stronger hash function.
+
+Background
+----------
+At its core, the Git version control system is a content addressable
+filesystem. It uses the SHA-1 hash function to name content. For
+example, files, directories, and revisions are referred to by hash
+values unlike in other traditional version control systems where files
+or versions are referred to via sequential numbers. The use of a hash
+function to address its content delivers a few advantages:
+
+* Integrity checking is easy. Bit flips, for example, are easily
+  detected, as the hash of corrupted content does not match its name.
+* Lookup of objects is fast.
+
+Using a cryptographically secure hash function brings additional
+advantages:
+
+* Object names can be signed and third parties can trust the hash to
+  address the signed object and all objects it references.
+* Communication using Git protocol and out of band communication
+  methods have a short reliable string that can be used to reliably
+  address stored content.
+
+Over time some flaws in SHA-1 have been discovered by security
+researchers. On 23 February 2017 the SHAttered attack
+(https://shattered.io) demonstrated a practical SHA-1 hash collision.
+
+Git v2.13.0 and later subsequently moved to a hardened SHA-1
+implementation by default, which isn't vulnerable to the SHAttered
+attack.
+
+Thus Git has in effect already migrated to a new hash that isn't SHA-1
+and doesn't share its vulnerabilities, its new hash function just
+happens to produce exactly the same output for all known inputs,
+except two PDFs published by the SHAttered researchers, and the new
+implementation (written by those researchers) claims to detect future
+cryptanalytic collision attacks.
+
+Regardless, it's considered prudent to move past any variant of SHA-1
+to a new hash. There's no guarantee that future attacks on SHA-1 won't
+be published in the future, and those attacks may not have viable
+mitigations.
+
+If SHA-1 and its variants were to be truly broken, Git's hash function
+could not be considered cryptographically secure any more. This would
+impact the communication of hash values because we could not trust
+that a given hash value represented the known good version of content
+that the speaker intended.
+
+SHA-1 still possesses the other properties such as fast object lookup
+and safe error checking, but other hash functions are equally suitable
+that are believed to be cryptographically secure.
+
+Goals
+-----
+1. The transition to SHA-256 can be done one local repository at a time.
+   a. Requiring no action by any other party.
+   b. A SHA-256 repository can communicate with SHA-1 Git servers
+      (push/fetch).
+   c. Users can use SHA-1 and SHA-256 identifiers for objects
+      interchangeably (see "Object names on the command line", below).
+   d. New signed objects make use of a stronger hash function than
+      SHA-1 for their security guarantees.
+2. Allow a complete transition away from SHA-1.
+   a. Local metadata for SHA-1 compatibility can be removed from a
+      repository if compatibility with SHA-1 is no longer needed.
+3. Maintainability throughout the process.
+   a. The object format is kept simple and consistent.
+   b. Creation of a generalized repository conversion tool.
+
+Non-Goals
+---------
+1. Add SHA-256 support to Git protocol. This is valuable and the
+   logical next step but it is out of scope for this initial design.
+2. Transparently improving the security of existing SHA-1 signed
+   objects.
+3. Intermixing objects using multiple hash functions in a single
+   repository.
+4. Taking the opportunity to fix other bugs in Git's formats and
+   protocols.
+5. Shallow clones and fetches into a SHA-256 repository. (This will
+   change when we add SHA-256 support to Git protocol.)
+6. Skip fetching some submodules of a project into a SHA-256
+   repository. (This also depends on SHA-256 support in Git
+   protocol.)
+
+Overview
+--------
+We introduce a new repository format extension. Repositories with this
+extension enabled use SHA-256 instead of SHA-1 to name their objects.
+This affects both object names and object content --- both the names
+of objects and all references to other objects within an object are
+switched to the new hash function.
+
+SHA-256 repositories cannot be read by older versions of Git.
+
+Alongside the packfile, a SHA-256 repository stores a bidirectional
+mapping between SHA-256 and SHA-1 object names. The mapping is generated
+locally and can be verified using "git fsck". Object lookups use this
+mapping to allow naming objects using either their SHA-1 and SHA-256 names
+interchangeably.
+
+"git cat-file" and "git hash-object" gain options to display an object
+in its sha1 form and write an object given its sha1 form. This
+requires all objects referenced by that object to be present in the
+object database so that they can be named using the appropriate name
+(using the bidirectional hash mapping).
+
+Fetches from a SHA-1 based server convert the fetched objects into
+SHA-256 form and record the mapping in the bidirectional mapping table
+(see below for details). Pushes to a SHA-1 based server convert the
+objects being pushed into sha1 form so the server does not have to be
+aware of the hash function the client is using.
+
+Detailed Design
+---------------
+Repository format extension
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+A SHA-256 repository uses repository format version `1` (see
+Documentation/technical/repository-version.txt) with extensions
+`objectFormat` and `compatObjectFormat`:
+
+	[core]
+		repositoryFormatVersion = 1
+	[extensions]
+		objectFormat = sha256
+		compatObjectFormat = sha1
+
+The combination of setting `core.repositoryFormatVersion=1` and
+populating `extensions.*` ensures that all versions of Git later than
+`v0.99.9l` will die instead of trying to operate on the SHA-256
+repository, instead producing an error message.
+
+	# Between v0.99.9l and v2.7.0
+	$ git status
+	fatal: Expected git repo version <= 0, found 1
+	# After v2.7.0
+	$ git status
+	fatal: unknown repository extensions found:
+		objectformat
+		compatobjectformat
+
+See the "Transition plan" section below for more details on these
+repository extensions.
+
+Object names
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Objects can be named by their 40 hexadecimal digit sha1-name or 64
+hexadecimal digit sha256-name, plus names derived from those (see
+gitrevisions(7)).
+
+The sha1-name of an object is the SHA-1 of the concatenation of its
+type, length, a nul byte, and the object's sha1-content. This is the
+traditional <sha1> used in Git to name objects.
+
+The sha256-name of an object is the SHA-256 of the concatenation of its
+type, length, a nul byte, and the object's sha256-content.
+
+Object format
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+The content as a byte sequence of a tag, commit, or tree object named
+by sha1 and sha256 differ because an object named by sha256-name refers to
+other objects by their sha256-names and an object named by sha1-name
+refers to other objects by their sha1-names.
+
+The sha256-content of an object is the same as its sha1-content, except
+that objects referenced by the object are named using their sha256-names
+instead of sha1-names. Because a blob object does not refer to any
+other object, its sha1-content and sha256-content are the same.
+
+The format allows round-trip conversion between sha256-content and
+sha1-content.
+
+Object storage
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Loose objects use zlib compression and packed objects use the packed
+format described in Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt, just like
+today. The content that is compressed and stored uses sha256-content
+instead of sha1-content.
+
+Pack index
+~~~~~~~~~~
+Pack index (.idx) files use a new v3 format that supports multiple
+hash functions. They have the following format (all integers are in
+network byte order):
+
+- A header appears at the beginning and consists of the following:
+  - The 4-byte pack index signature: '\377t0c'
+  - 4-byte version number: 3
+  - 4-byte length of the header section, including the signature and
+    version number
+  - 4-byte number of objects contained in the pack
+  - 4-byte number of object formats in this pack index: 2
+  - For each object format:
+    - 4-byte format identifier (e.g., 'sha1' for SHA-1)
+    - 4-byte length in bytes of shortened object names. This is the
+      shortest possible length needed to make names in the shortened
+      object name table unambiguous.
+    - 4-byte integer, recording where tables relating to this format
+      are stored in this index file, as an offset from the beginning.
+  - 4-byte offset to the trailer from the beginning of this file.
+  - Zero or more additional key/value pairs (4-byte key, 4-byte
+    value). Only one key is supported: 'PSRC'. See the "Loose objects
+    and unreachable objects" section for supported values and how this
+    is used.  All other keys are reserved. Readers must ignore
+    unrecognized keys.
+- Zero or more NUL bytes. This can optionally be used to improve the
+  alignment of the full object name table below.
+- Tables for the first object format:
+  - A sorted table of shortened object names.  These are prefixes of
+    the names of all objects in this pack file, packed together
+    without offset values to reduce the cache footprint of the binary
+    search for a specific object name.
+
+  - A table of full object names in pack order. This allows resolving
+    a reference to "the nth object in the pack file" (from a
+    reachability bitmap or from the next table of another object
+    format) to its object name.
+
+  - A table of 4-byte values mapping object name order to pack order.
+    For an object in the table of sorted shortened object names, the
+    value at the corresponding index in this table is the index in the
+    previous table for that same object.
+
+    This can be used to look up the object in reachability bitmaps or
+    to look up its name in another object format.
+
+  - A table of 4-byte CRC32 values of the packed object data, in the
+    order that the objects appear in the pack file. This is to allow
+    compressed data to be copied directly from pack to pack during
+    repacking without undetected data corruption.
+
+  - A table of 4-byte offset values. For an object in the table of
+    sorted shortened object names, the value at the corresponding
+    index in this table indicates where that object can be found in
+    the pack file. These are usually 31-bit pack file offsets, but
+    large offsets are encoded as an index into the next table with the
+    most significant bit set.
+
+  - A table of 8-byte offset entries (empty for pack files less than
+    2 GiB). Pack files are organized with heavily used objects toward
+    the front, so most object references should not need to refer to
+    this table.
+- Zero or more NUL bytes.
+- Tables for the second object format, with the same layout as above,
+  up to and not including the table of CRC32 values.
+- Zero or more NUL bytes.
+- The trailer consists of the following:
+  - A copy of the 20-byte SHA-256 checksum at the end of the
+    corresponding packfile.
+
+  - 20-byte SHA-256 checksum of all of the above.
+
+Loose object index
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+A new file $GIT_OBJECT_DIR/loose-object-idx contains information about
+all loose objects. Its format is
+
+  # loose-object-idx
+  (sha256-name SP sha1-name LF)*
+
+where the object names are in hexadecimal format. The file is not
+sorted.
+
+The loose object index is protected against concurrent writes by a
+lock file $GIT_OBJECT_DIR/loose-object-idx.lock. To add a new loose
+object:
+
+1. Write the loose object to a temporary file, like today.
+2. Open loose-object-idx.lock with O_CREAT | O_EXCL to acquire the lock.
+3. Rename the loose object into place.
+4. Open loose-object-idx with O_APPEND and write the new object
+5. Unlink loose-object-idx.lock to release the lock.
+
+To remove entries (e.g. in "git pack-refs" or "git-prune"):
+
+1. Open loose-object-idx.lock with O_CREAT | O_EXCL to acquire the
+   lock.
+2. Write the new content to loose-object-idx.lock.
+3. Unlink any loose objects being removed.
+4. Rename to replace loose-object-idx, releasing the lock.
+
+Translation table
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+The index files support a bidirectional mapping between sha1-names
+and sha256-names. The lookup proceeds similarly to ordinary object
+lookups. For example, to convert a sha1-name to a sha256-name:
+
+ 1. Look for the object in idx files. If a match is present in the
+    idx's sorted list of truncated sha1-names, then:
+    a. Read the corresponding entry in the sha1-name order to pack
+       name order mapping.
+    b. Read the corresponding entry in the full sha1-name table to
+       verify we found the right object. If it is, then
+    c. Read the corresponding entry in the full sha256-name table.
+       That is the object's sha256-name.
+ 2. Check for a loose object. Read lines from loose-object-idx until
+    we find a match.
+
+Step (1) takes the same amount of time as an ordinary object lookup:
+O(number of packs * log(objects per pack)). Step (2) takes O(number of
+loose objects) time. To maintain good performance it will be necessary
+to keep the number of loose objects low. See the "Loose objects and
+unreachable objects" section below for more details.
+
+Since all operations that make new objects (e.g., "git commit") add
+the new objects to the corresponding index, this mapping is possible
+for all objects in the object store.
+
+Reading an object's sha1-content
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+The sha1-content of an object can be read by converting all sha256-names
+its sha256-content references to sha1-names using the translation table.
+
+Fetch
+~~~~~
+Fetching from a SHA-1 based server requires translating between SHA-1
+and SHA-256 based representations on the fly.
+
+SHA-1s named in the ref advertisement that are present on the client
+can be translated to SHA-256 and looked up as local objects using the
+translation table.
+
+Negotiation proceeds as today. Any "have"s generated locally are
+converted to SHA-1 before being sent to the server, and SHA-1s
+mentioned by the server are converted to SHA-256 when looking them up
+locally.
+
+After negotiation, the server sends a packfile containing the
+requested objects. We convert the packfile to SHA-256 format using
+the following steps:
+
+1. index-pack: inflate each object in the packfile and compute its
+   SHA-1. Objects can contain deltas in OBJ_REF_DELTA format against
+   objects the client has locally. These objects can be looked up
+   using the translation table and their sha1-content read as
+   described above to resolve the deltas.
+2. topological sort: starting at the "want"s from the negotiation
+   phase, walk through objects in the pack and emit a list of them,
+   excluding blobs, in reverse topologically sorted order, with each
+   object coming later in the list than all objects it references.
+   (This list only contains objects reachable from the "wants". If the
+   pack from the server contained additional extraneous objects, then
+   they will be discarded.)
+3. convert to sha256: open a new (sha256) packfile. Read the topologically
+   sorted list just generated. For each object, inflate its
+   sha1-content, convert to sha256-content, and write it to the sha256
+   pack. Record the new sha1<->sha256 mapping entry for use in the idx.
+4. sort: reorder entries in the new pack to match the order of objects
+   in the pack the server generated and include blobs. Write a sha256 idx
+   file
+5. clean up: remove the SHA-1 based pack file, index, and
+   topologically sorted list obtained from the server in steps 1
+   and 2.
+
+Step 3 requires every object referenced by the new object to be in the
+translation table. This is why the topological sort step is necessary.
+
+As an optimization, step 1 could write a file describing what non-blob
+objects each object it has inflated from the packfile references. This
+makes the topological sort in step 2 possible without inflating the
+objects in the packfile for a second time. The objects need to be
+inflated again in step 3, for a total of two inflations.
+
+Step 4 is probably necessary for good read-time performance. "git
+pack-objects" on the server optimizes the pack file for good data
+locality (see Documentation/technical/pack-heuristics.txt).
+
+Details of this process are likely to change. It will take some
+experimenting to get this to perform well.
+
+Push
+~~~~
+Push is simpler than fetch because the objects referenced by the
+pushed objects are already in the translation table. The sha1-content
+of each object being pushed can be read as described in the "Reading
+an object's sha1-content" section to generate the pack written by git
+send-pack.
+
+Signed Commits
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+We add a new field "gpgsig-sha256" to the commit object format to allow
+signing commits without relying on SHA-1. It is similar to the
+existing "gpgsig" field. Its signed payload is the sha256-content of the
+commit object with any "gpgsig" and "gpgsig-sha256" fields removed.
+
+This means commits can be signed
+1. using SHA-1 only, as in existing signed commit objects
+2. using both SHA-1 and SHA-256, by using both gpgsig-sha256 and gpgsig
+   fields.
+3. using only SHA-256, by only using the gpgsig-sha256 field.
+
+Old versions of "git verify-commit" can verify the gpgsig signature in
+cases (1) and (2) without modifications and view case (3) as an
+ordinary unsigned commit.
+
+Signed Tags
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+We add a new field "gpgsig-sha256" to the tag object format to allow
+signing tags without relying on SHA-1. Its signed payload is the
+sha256-content of the tag with its gpgsig-sha256 field and "-----BEGIN PGP
+SIGNATURE-----" delimited in-body signature removed.
+
+This means tags can be signed
+1. using SHA-1 only, as in existing signed tag objects
+2. using both SHA-1 and SHA-256, by using gpgsig-sha256 and an in-body
+   signature.
+3. using only SHA-256, by only using the gpgsig-sha256 field.
+
+Mergetag embedding
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+The mergetag field in the sha1-content of a commit contains the
+sha1-content of a tag that was merged by that commit.
+
+The mergetag field in the sha256-content of the same commit contains the
+sha256-content of the same tag.
+
+Submodules
+~~~~~~~~~~
+To convert recorded submodule pointers, you need to have the converted
+submodule repository in place. The translation table of the submodule
+can be used to look up the new hash.
+
+Loose objects and unreachable objects
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Fast lookups in the loose-object-idx require that the number of loose
+objects not grow too high.
+
+"git gc --auto" currently waits for there to be 6700 loose objects
+present before consolidating them into a packfile. We will need to
+measure to find a more appropriate threshold for it to use.
+
+"git gc --auto" currently waits for there to be 50 packs present
+before combining packfiles. Packing loose objects more aggressively
+may cause the number of pack files to grow too quickly. This can be
+mitigated by using a strategy similar to Martin Fick's exponential
+rolling garbage collection script:
+https://gerrit-review.googlesource.com/c/gerrit/+/35215
+
+"git gc" currently expels any unreachable objects it encounters in
+pack files to loose objects in an attempt to prevent a race when
+pruning them (in case another process is simultaneously writing a new
+object that refers to the about-to-be-deleted object). This leads to
+an explosion in the number of loose objects present and disk space
+usage due to the objects in delta form being replaced with independent
+loose objects.  Worse, the race is still present for loose objects.
+
+Instead, "git gc" will need to move unreachable objects to a new
+packfile marked as UNREACHABLE_GARBAGE (using the PSRC field; see
+below). To avoid the race when writing new objects referring to an
+about-to-be-deleted object, code paths that write new objects will
+need to copy any objects from UNREACHABLE_GARBAGE packs that they
+refer to to new, non-UNREACHABLE_GARBAGE packs (or loose objects).
+UNREACHABLE_GARBAGE are then safe to delete if their creation time (as
+indicated by the file's mtime) is long enough ago.
+
+To avoid a proliferation of UNREACHABLE_GARBAGE packs, they can be
+combined under certain circumstances. If "gc.garbageTtl" is set to
+greater than one day, then packs created within a single calendar day,
+UTC, can be coalesced together. The resulting packfile would have an
+mtime before midnight on that day, so this makes the effective maximum
+ttl the garbageTtl + 1 day. If "gc.garbageTtl" is less than one day,
+then we divide the calendar day into intervals one-third of that ttl
+in duration. Packs created within the same interval can be coalesced
+together. The resulting packfile would have an mtime before the end of
+the interval, so this makes the effective maximum ttl equal to the
+garbageTtl * 4/3.
+
+This rule comes from Thirumala Reddy Mutchukota's JGit change
+https://git.eclipse.org/r/90465.
+
+The UNREACHABLE_GARBAGE setting goes in the PSRC field of the pack
+index. More generally, that field indicates where a pack came from:
+
+ - 1 (PACK_SOURCE_RECEIVE) for a pack received over the network
+ - 2 (PACK_SOURCE_AUTO) for a pack created by a lightweight
+   "gc --auto" operation
+ - 3 (PACK_SOURCE_GC) for a pack created by a full gc
+ - 4 (PACK_SOURCE_UNREACHABLE_GARBAGE) for potential garbage
+   discovered by gc
+ - 5 (PACK_SOURCE_INSERT) for locally created objects that were
+   written directly to a pack file, e.g. from "git add ."
+
+This information can be useful for debugging and for "gc --auto" to
+make appropriate choices about which packs to coalesce.
+
+Caveats
+-------
+Invalid objects
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+The conversion from sha1-content to sha256-content retains any
+brokenness in the original object (e.g., tree entry modes encoded with
+leading 0, tree objects whose paths are not sorted correctly, and
+commit objects without an author or committer). This is a deliberate
+feature of the design to allow the conversion to round-trip.
+
+More profoundly broken objects (e.g., a commit with a truncated "tree"
+header line) cannot be converted but were not usable by current Git
+anyway.
+
+Shallow clone and submodules
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Because it requires all referenced objects to be available in the
+locally generated translation table, this design does not support
+shallow clone or unfetched submodules. Protocol improvements might
+allow lifting this restriction.
+
+Alternates
+~~~~~~~~~~
+For the same reason, a sha256 repository cannot borrow objects from a
+sha1 repository using objects/info/alternates or
+$GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_REPOSITORIES.
+
+git notes
+~~~~~~~~~
+The "git notes" tool annotates objects using their sha1-name as key.
+This design does not describe a way to migrate notes trees to use
+sha256-names. That migration is expected to happen separately (for
+example using a file at the root of the notes tree to describe which
+hash it uses).
+
+Server-side cost
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Until Git protocol gains SHA-256 support, using SHA-256 based storage
+on public-facing Git servers is strongly discouraged. Once Git
+protocol gains SHA-256 support, SHA-256 based servers are likely not
+to support SHA-1 compatibility, to avoid what may be a very expensive
+hash reencode during clone and to encourage peers to modernize.
+
+The design described here allows fetches by SHA-1 clients of a
+personal SHA-256 repository because it's not much more difficult than
+allowing pushes from that repository. This support needs to be guarded
+by a configuration option --- servers like git.kernel.org that serve a
+large number of clients would not be expected to bear that cost.
+
+Meaning of signatures
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+The signed payload for signed commits and tags does not explicitly
+name the hash used to identify objects. If some day Git adopts a new
+hash function with the same length as the current SHA-1 (40
+hexadecimal digit) or SHA-256 (64 hexadecimal digit) objects then the
+intent behind the PGP signed payload in an object signature is
+unclear:
+
+	object e7e07d5a4fcc2a203d9873968ad3e6bd4d7419d7
+	type commit
+	tag v2.12.0
+	tagger Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> 1487962205 -0800
+
+	Git 2.12
+
+Does this mean Git v2.12.0 is the commit with sha1-name
+e7e07d5a4fcc2a203d9873968ad3e6bd4d7419d7 or the commit with
+new-40-digit-hash-name e7e07d5a4fcc2a203d9873968ad3e6bd4d7419d7?
+
+Fortunately SHA-256 and SHA-1 have different lengths. If Git starts
+using another hash with the same length to name objects, then it will
+need to change the format of signed payloads using that hash to
+address this issue.
+
+Object names on the command line
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+To support the transition (see Transition plan below), this design
+supports four different modes of operation:
+
+ 1. ("dark launch") Treat object names input by the user as SHA-1 and
+    convert any object names written to output to SHA-1, but store
+    objects using SHA-256.  This allows users to test the code with no
+    visible behavior change except for performance.  This allows
+    allows running even tests that assume the SHA-1 hash function, to
+    sanity-check the behavior of the new mode.
+
+ 2. ("early transition") Allow both SHA-1 and SHA-256 object names in
+    input. Any object names written to output use SHA-1. This allows
+    users to continue to make use of SHA-1 to communicate with peers
+    (e.g. by email) that have not migrated yet and prepares for mode 3.
+
+ 3. ("late transition") Allow both SHA-1 and SHA-256 object names in
+    input. Any object names written to output use SHA-256. In this
+    mode, users are using a more secure object naming method by
+    default.  The disruption is minimal as long as most of their peers
+    are in mode 2 or mode 3.
+
+ 4. ("post-transition") Treat object names input by the user as
+    SHA-256 and write output using SHA-256. This is safer than mode 3
+    because there is less risk that input is incorrectly interpreted
+    using the wrong hash function.
+
+The mode is specified in configuration.
+
+The user can also explicitly specify which format to use for a
+particular revision specifier and for output, overriding the mode. For
+example:
+
+git --output-format=sha1 log abac87a^{sha1}..f787cac^{sha256}
+
+Choice of Hash
+--------------
+In early 2005, around the time that Git was written,  Xiaoyun Wang,
+Yiqun Lisa Yin, and Hongbo Yu announced an attack finding SHA-1
+collisions in 2^69 operations. In August they published details.
+Luckily, no practical demonstrations of a collision in full SHA-1 were
+published until 10 years later, in 2017.
+
+Git v2.13.0 and later subsequently moved to a hardened SHA-1
+implementation by default that mitigates the SHAttered attack, but
+SHA-1 is still believed to be weak.
+
+The hash to replace this hardened SHA-1 should be stronger than SHA-1
+was: we would like it to be trustworthy and useful in practice for at
+least 10 years.
+
+Some other relevant properties:
+
+1. A 256-bit hash (long enough to match common security practice; not
+   excessively long to hurt performance and disk usage).
+
+2. High quality implementations should be widely available (e.g., in
+   OpenSSL and Apple CommonCrypto).
+
+3. The hash function's properties should match Git's needs (e.g. Git
+   requires collision and 2nd preimage resistance and does not require
+   length extension resistance).
+
+4. As a tiebreaker, the hash should be fast to compute (fortunately
+   many contenders are faster than SHA-1).
+
+We choose SHA-256.
+
+Transition plan
+---------------
+Some initial steps can be implemented independently of one another:
+- adding a hash function API (vtable)
+- teaching fsck to tolerate the gpgsig-sha256 field
+- excluding gpgsig-* from the fields copied by "git commit --amend"
+- annotating tests that depend on SHA-1 values with a SHA1 test
+  prerequisite
+- using "struct object_id", GIT_MAX_RAWSZ, and GIT_MAX_HEXSZ
+  consistently instead of "unsigned char *" and the hardcoded
+  constants 20 and 40.
+- introducing index v3
+- adding support for the PSRC field and safer object pruning
+
+
+The first user-visible change is the introduction of the objectFormat
+extension (without compatObjectFormat). This requires:
+- implementing the loose-object-idx
+- teaching fsck about this mode of operation
+- using the hash function API (vtable) when computing object names
+- signing objects and verifying signatures
+- rejecting attempts to fetch from or push to an incompatible
+  repository
+
+Next comes introduction of compatObjectFormat:
+- translating object names between object formats
+- translating object content between object formats
+- generating and verifying signatures in the compat format
+- adding appropriate index entries when adding a new object to the
+  object store
+- --output-format option
+- ^{sha1} and ^{sha256} revision notation
+- configuration to specify default input and output format (see
+  "Object names on the command line" above)
+
+The next step is supporting fetches and pushes to SHA-1 repositories:
+- allow pushes to a repository using the compat format
+- generate a topologically sorted list of the SHA-1 names of fetched
+  objects
+- convert the fetched packfile to sha256 format and generate an idx
+  file
+- re-sort to match the order of objects in the fetched packfile
+
+The infrastructure supporting fetch also allows converting an existing
+repository. In converted repositories and new clones, end users can
+gain support for the new hash function without any visible change in
+behavior (see "dark launch" in the "Object names on the command line"
+section). In particular this allows users to verify SHA-256 signatures
+on objects in the repository, and it should ensure the transition code
+is stable in production in preparation for using it more widely.
+
+Over time projects would encourage their users to adopt the "early
+transition" and then "late transition" modes to take advantage of the
+new, more futureproof SHA-256 object names.
+
+When objectFormat and compatObjectFormat are both set, commands
+generating signatures would generate both SHA-1 and SHA-256 signatures
+by default to support both new and old users.
+
+In projects using SHA-256 heavily, users could be encouraged to adopt
+the "post-transition" mode to avoid accidentally making implicit use
+of SHA-1 object names.
+
+Once a critical mass of users have upgraded to a version of Git that
+can verify SHA-256 signatures and have converted their existing
+repositories to support verifying them, we can add support for a
+setting to generate only SHA-256 signatures. This is expected to be at
+least a year later.
+
+That is also a good moment to advertise the ability to convert
+repositories to use SHA-256 only, stripping out all SHA-1 related
+metadata. This improves performance by eliminating translation
+overhead and security by avoiding the possibility of accidentally
+relying on the safety of SHA-1.
+
+Updating Git's protocols to allow a server to specify which hash
+functions it supports is also an important part of this transition. It
+is not discussed in detail in this document but this transition plan
+assumes it happens. :)
+
+Alternatives considered
+-----------------------
+Upgrading everyone working on a particular project on a flag day
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Projects like the Linux kernel are large and complex enough that
+flipping the switch for all projects based on the repository at once
+is infeasible.
+
+Not only would all developers and server operators supporting
+developers have to switch on the same flag day, but supporting tooling
+(continuous integration, code review, bug trackers, etc) would have to
+be adapted as well. This also makes it difficult to get early feedback
+from some project participants testing before it is time for mass
+adoption.
+
+Using hash functions in parallel
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+(e.g. https://public-inbox.org/git/22708.8913.864049.452252@chiark.greenend.org.uk/ )
+Objects newly created would be addressed by the new hash, but inside
+such an object (e.g. commit) it is still possible to address objects
+using the old hash function.
+* You cannot trust its history (needed for bisectability) in the
+  future without further work
+* Maintenance burden as the number of supported hash functions grows
+  (they will never go away, so they accumulate). In this proposal, by
+  comparison, converted objects lose all references to SHA-1.
+
+Signed objects with multiple hashes
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Instead of introducing the gpgsig-sha256 field in commit and tag objects
+for sha256-content based signatures, an earlier version of this design
+added "hash sha256 <sha256-name>" fields to strengthen the existing
+sha1-content based signatures.
+
+In other words, a single signature was used to attest to the object
+content using both hash functions. This had some advantages:
+* Using one signature instead of two speeds up the signing process.
+* Having one signed payload with both hashes allows the signer to
+  attest to the sha1-name and sha256-name referring to the same object.
+* All users consume the same signature. Broken signatures are likely
+  to be detected quickly using current versions of git.
+
+However, it also came with disadvantages:
+* Verifying a signed object requires access to the sha1-names of all
+  objects it references, even after the transition is complete and
+  translation table is no longer needed for anything else. To support
+  this, the design added fields such as "hash sha1 tree <sha1-name>"
+  and "hash sha1 parent <sha1-name>" to the sha256-content of a signed
+  commit, complicating the conversion process.
+* Allowing signed objects without a sha1 (for after the transition is
+  complete) complicated the design further, requiring a "nohash sha1"
+  field to suppress including "hash sha1" fields in the sha256-content
+  and signed payload.
+
+Lazily populated translation table
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Some of the work of building the translation table could be deferred to
+push time, but that would significantly complicate and slow down pushes.
+Calculating the sha1-name at object creation time at the same time it is
+being streamed to disk and having its sha256-name calculated should be
+an acceptable cost.
+
+Document History
+----------------
+
+2017-03-03
+bmwill@google.com, jonathantanmy@google.com, jrnieder@gmail.com,
+sbeller@google.com
+
+Initial version sent to
+http://public-inbox.org/git/20170304011251.GA26789@aiede.mtv.corp.google.com
+
+2017-03-03 jrnieder@gmail.com
+Incorporated suggestions from jonathantanmy and sbeller:
+* describe purpose of signed objects with each hash type
+* redefine signed object verification using object content under the
+  first hash function
+
+2017-03-06 jrnieder@gmail.com
+* Use SHA3-256 instead of SHA2 (thanks, Linus and brian m. carlson).[1][2]
+* Make sha3-based signatures a separate field, avoiding the need for
+  "hash" and "nohash" fields (thanks to peff[3]).
+* Add a sorting phase to fetch (thanks to Junio for noticing the need
+  for this).
+* Omit blobs from the topological sort during fetch (thanks to peff).
+* Discuss alternates, git notes, and git servers in the caveats
+  section (thanks to Junio Hamano, brian m. carlson[4], and Shawn
+  Pearce).
+* Clarify language throughout (thanks to various commenters,
+  especially Junio).
+
+2017-09-27 jrnieder@gmail.com, sbeller@google.com
+* use placeholder NewHash instead of SHA3-256
+* describe criteria for picking a hash function.
+* include a transition plan (thanks especially to Brandon Williams
+  for fleshing these ideas out)
+* define the translation table (thanks, Shawn Pearce[5], Jonathan
+  Tan, and Masaya Suzuki)
+* avoid loose object overhead by packing more aggressively in
+  "git gc --auto"
+
+Later history:
+
+ See the history of this file in git.git for the history of subsequent
+ edits. This document history is no longer being maintained as it
+ would now be superfluous to the commit log
+
+[1] http://public-inbox.org/git/CA+55aFzJtejiCjV0e43+9oR3QuJK2PiFiLQemytoLpyJWe6P9w@mail.gmail.com/
+[2] http://public-inbox.org/git/CA+55aFz+gkAsDZ24zmePQuEs1XPS9BP_s8O7Q4wQ7LV7X5-oDA@mail.gmail.com/
+[3] http://public-inbox.org/git/20170306084353.nrns455dvkdsfgo5@sigill.intra.peff.net/
+[4] http://public-inbox.org/git/20170304224936.rqqtkdvfjgyezsht@genre.crustytoothpaste.net
+[5] https://public-inbox.org/git/CAJo=hJtoX9=AyLHHpUJS7fueV9ciZ_MNpnEPHUz8Whui6g9F0A@mail.gmail.com/
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/http-protocol.txt b/Documentation/technical/http-protocol.txt
index 229f845dfa..9c5b6f0fac 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/http-protocol.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/http-protocol.txt
@@ -214,10 +214,16 @@ smart server reply:
    S: Cache-Control: no-cache
    S:
    S: 001e# service=git-upload-pack\n
+   S: 0000
    S: 004895dcfa3633004da0049d3d0fa03f80589cbcaf31 refs/heads/maint\0multi_ack\n
    S: 0042d049f6c27a2244e12041955e262a404c7faba355 refs/heads/master\n
    S: 003c2cb58b79488a98d2721cea644875a8dd0026b115 refs/tags/v1.0\n
    S: 003fa3c2e2402b99163d1d59756e5f207ae21cccba4c refs/tags/v1.0^{}\n
+   S: 0000
+
+The client may send Extra Parameters (see
+Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt) as a colon-separated string
+in the Git-Protocol HTTP header.
 
 Dumb Server Response
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@@ -269,7 +275,12 @@ the C locale ordering.  The stream SHOULD include the default ref
 named `HEAD` as the first ref.  The stream MUST include capability
 declarations behind a NUL on the first ref.
 
+The returned response contains "version 1" if "version=1" was sent as an
+Extra Parameter.
+
   smart_reply     =  PKT-LINE("# service=$servicename" LF)
+		     "0000"
+		     *1("version 1")
 		     ref_list
 		     "0000"
   ref_list        =  empty_list / non_empty_list
@@ -319,18 +330,19 @@ Servers SHOULD support all capabilities defined here.
 Clients MUST send at least one "want" command in the request body.
 Clients MUST NOT reference an id in a "want" command which did not
 appear in the response obtained through ref discovery unless the
-server advertises capability `allow-tip-sha1-in-want`.
+server advertises capability `allow-tip-sha1-in-want` or
+`allow-reachable-sha1-in-want`.
 
   compute_request   =  want_list
 		       have_list
 		       request_end
   request_end       =  "0000" / "done"
 
-  want_list         =  PKT-LINE(want NUL cap_list LF)
+  want_list         =  PKT-LINE(want SP cap_list LF)
 		       *(want_pkt)
   want_pkt          =  PKT-LINE(want LF)
   want              =  "want" SP id
-  cap_list          =  *(SP capability) SP
+  cap_list          =  capability *(SP capability)
 
   have_list         =  *PKT-LINE("have" SP id LF)
 
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt
index 35112e4966..db3572626b 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ Git index format
 
   The entries are written out in the top-down, depth-first order.  The
   first entry represents the root level of the repository, followed by the
-  first subtree---let's call this A---of the root level (with its name
+  first subtree--let's call this A--of the root level (with its name
   relative to the root level), followed by the first subtree of A (with
   its name relative to A), ...
 
@@ -233,3 +233,84 @@ Git index format
   The remaining index entries after replaced ones will be added to the
   final index. These added entries are also sorted by entry name then
   stage.
+
+== Untracked cache
+
+  Untracked cache saves the untracked file list and necessary data to
+  verify the cache. The signature for this extension is { 'U', 'N',
+  'T', 'R' }.
+
+  The extension starts with
+
+  - A sequence of NUL-terminated strings, preceded by the size of the
+    sequence in variable width encoding. Each string describes the
+    environment where the cache can be used.
+
+  - Stat data of $GIT_DIR/info/exclude. See "Index entry" section from
+    ctime field until "file size".
+
+  - Stat data of core.excludesfile
+
+  - 32-bit dir_flags (see struct dir_struct)
+
+  - 160-bit SHA-1 of $GIT_DIR/info/exclude. Null SHA-1 means the file
+    does not exist.
+
+  - 160-bit SHA-1 of core.excludesfile. Null SHA-1 means the file does
+    not exist.
+
+  - NUL-terminated string of per-dir exclude file name. This usually
+    is ".gitignore".
+
+  - The number of following directory blocks, variable width
+    encoding. If this number is zero, the extension ends here with a
+    following NUL.
+
+  - A number of directory blocks in depth-first-search order, each
+    consists of
+
+    - The number of untracked entries, variable width encoding.
+
+    - The number of sub-directory blocks, variable width encoding.
+
+    - The directory name terminated by NUL.
+
+    - A number of untracked file/dir names terminated by NUL.
+
+The remaining data of each directory block is grouped by type:
+
+  - An ewah bitmap, the n-th bit marks whether the n-th directory has
+    valid untracked cache entries.
+
+  - An ewah bitmap, the n-th bit records "check-only" bit of
+    read_directory_recursive() for the n-th directory.
+
+  - An ewah bitmap, the n-th bit indicates whether SHA-1 and stat data
+    is valid for the n-th directory and exists in the next data.
+
+  - An array of stat data. The n-th data corresponds with the n-th
+    "one" bit in the previous ewah bitmap.
+
+  - An array of SHA-1. The n-th SHA-1 corresponds with the n-th "one" bit
+    in the previous ewah bitmap.
+
+  - One NUL.
+
+== File System Monitor cache
+
+  The file system monitor cache tracks files for which the core.fsmonitor
+  hook has told us about changes.  The signature for this extension is
+  { 'F', 'S', 'M', 'N' }.
+
+  The extension starts with
+
+  - 32-bit version number: the current supported version is 1.
+
+  - 64-bit time: the extension data reflects all changes through the given
+	time which is stored as the nanoseconds elapsed since midnight,
+	January 1, 1970.
+
+  - 32-bit bitmap size: the size of the CE_FSMONITOR_VALID bitmap.
+
+  - An ewah bitmap, the n-th bit indicates whether the n-th index entry
+    is not CE_FSMONITOR_VALID.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/long-running-process-protocol.txt b/Documentation/technical/long-running-process-protocol.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aa0aa9af1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/long-running-process-protocol.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+Long-running process protocol
+=============================
+
+This protocol is used when Git needs to communicate with an external
+process throughout the entire life of a single Git command. All
+communication is in pkt-line format (see technical/protocol-common.txt)
+over standard input and standard output.
+
+Handshake
+---------
+
+Git starts by sending a welcome message (for example,
+"git-filter-client"), a list of supported protocol version numbers, and
+a flush packet. Git expects to read the welcome message with "server"
+instead of "client" (for example, "git-filter-server"), exactly one
+protocol version number from the previously sent list, and a flush
+packet. All further communication will be based on the selected version.
+The remaining protocol description below documents "version=2". Please
+note that "version=42" in the example below does not exist and is only
+there to illustrate how the protocol would look like with more than one
+version.
+
+After the version negotiation Git sends a list of all capabilities that
+it supports and a flush packet. Git expects to read a list of desired
+capabilities, which must be a subset of the supported capabilities list,
+and a flush packet as response:
+------------------------
+packet:          git> git-filter-client
+packet:          git> version=2
+packet:          git> version=42
+packet:          git> 0000
+packet:          git< git-filter-server
+packet:          git< version=2
+packet:          git< 0000
+packet:          git> capability=clean
+packet:          git> capability=smudge
+packet:          git> capability=not-yet-invented
+packet:          git> 0000
+packet:          git< capability=clean
+packet:          git< capability=smudge
+packet:          git< 0000
+------------------------
+
+Shutdown
+--------
+
+Git will close
+the command pipe on exit. The filter is expected to detect EOF
+and exit gracefully on its own. Git will wait until the filter
+process has stopped.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt
index 8e5bf60be3..70a99fd142 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt
@@ -36,6 +36,98 @@ Git pack format
 
   - The trailer records 20-byte SHA-1 checksum of all of the above.
 
+=== Object types
+
+Valid object types are:
+
+- OBJ_COMMIT (1)
+- OBJ_TREE (2)
+- OBJ_BLOB (3)
+- OBJ_TAG (4)
+- OBJ_OFS_DELTA (6)
+- OBJ_REF_DELTA (7)
+
+Type 5 is reserved for future expansion. Type 0 is invalid.
+
+=== Deltified representation
+
+Conceptually there are only four object types: commit, tree, tag and
+blob. However to save space, an object could be stored as a "delta" of
+another "base" object. These representations are assigned new types
+ofs-delta and ref-delta, which is only valid in a pack file.
+
+Both ofs-delta and ref-delta store the "delta" to be applied to
+another object (called 'base object') to reconstruct the object. The
+difference between them is, ref-delta directly encodes 20-byte base
+object name. If the base object is in the same pack, ofs-delta encodes
+the offset of the base object in the pack instead.
+
+The base object could also be deltified if it's in the same pack.
+Ref-delta can also refer to an object outside the pack (i.e. the
+so-called "thin pack"). When stored on disk however, the pack should
+be self contained to avoid cyclic dependency.
+
+The delta data is a sequence of instructions to reconstruct an object
+from the base object. If the base object is deltified, it must be
+converted to canonical form first. Each instruction appends more and
+more data to the target object until it's complete. There are two
+supported instructions so far: one for copy a byte range from the
+source object and one for inserting new data embedded in the
+instruction itself.
+
+Each instruction has variable length. Instruction type is determined
+by the seventh bit of the first octet. The following diagrams follow
+the convention in RFC 1951 (Deflate compressed data format).
+
+==== Instruction to copy from base object
+
+  +----------+---------+---------+---------+---------+-------+-------+-------+
+  | 1xxxxxxx | offset1 | offset2 | offset3 | offset4 | size1 | size2 | size3 |
+  +----------+---------+---------+---------+---------+-------+-------+-------+
+
+This is the instruction format to copy a byte range from the source
+object. It encodes the offset to copy from and the number of bytes to
+copy. Offset and size are in little-endian order.
+
+All offset and size bytes are optional. This is to reduce the
+instruction size when encoding small offsets or sizes. The first seven
+bits in the first octet determines which of the next seven octets is
+present. If bit zero is set, offset1 is present. If bit one is set
+offset2 is present and so on.
+
+Note that a more compact instruction does not change offset and size
+encoding. For example, if only offset2 is omitted like below, offset3
+still contains bits 16-23. It does not become offset2 and contains
+bits 8-15 even if it's right next to offset1.
+
+  +----------+---------+---------+
+  | 10000101 | offset1 | offset3 |
+  +----------+---------+---------+
+
+In its most compact form, this instruction only takes up one byte
+(0x80) with both offset and size omitted, which will have default
+values zero. There is another exception: size zero is automatically
+converted to 0x10000.
+
+==== Instruction to add new data
+
+  +----------+============+
+  | 0xxxxxxx |    data    |
+  +----------+============+
+
+This is the instruction to construct target object without the base
+object. The following data is appended to the target object. The first
+seven bits of the first octet determines the size of data in
+bytes. The size must be non-zero.
+
+==== Reserved instruction
+
+  +----------+============
+  | 00000000 |
+  +----------+============
+
+This is the instruction reserved for future expansion.
+
 == Original (version 1) pack-*.idx files have the following format:
 
   - The header consists of 256 4-byte network byte order
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
index 462e20645f..6ac774d5f6 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 Packfile transfer protocols
 ===========================
 
-Git supports transferring data in packfiles over the ssh://, git:// and
+Git supports transferring data in packfiles over the ssh://, git://, http:// and
 file:// transports.  There exist two sets of protocols, one for pushing
 data from a client to a server and another for fetching data from a
-server to a client.  All three transports (ssh, git, file) use the same
-protocol to transfer data.
+server to a client.  The three transports (ssh, git, file) use the same
+protocol to transfer data. http is documented in http-protocol.txt.
 
 The processes invoked in the canonical Git implementation are 'upload-pack'
 on the server side and 'fetch-pack' on the client side for fetching data;
@@ -14,6 +14,14 @@ data.  The protocol functions to have a server tell a client what is
 currently on the server, then for the two to negotiate the smallest amount
 of data to send in order to fully update one or the other.
 
+pkt-line Format
+---------------
+
+The descriptions below build on the pkt-line format described in
+protocol-common.txt. When the grammar indicate `PKT-LINE(...)`, unless
+otherwise noted the usual pkt-line LF rules apply: the sender SHOULD
+include a LF, but the receiver MUST NOT complain if it is not present.
+
 Transports
 ----------
 There are three transports over which the packfile protocol is
@@ -31,6 +39,20 @@ communicates with that invoked process over the SSH connection.
 The file:// transport runs the 'upload-pack' or 'receive-pack'
 process locally and communicates with it over a pipe.
 
+Extra Parameters
+----------------
+
+The protocol provides a mechanism in which clients can send additional
+information in its first message to the server. These are called "Extra
+Parameters", and are supported by the Git, SSH, and HTTP protocols.
+
+Each Extra Parameter takes the form of `<key>=<value>` or `<key>`.
+
+Servers that receive any such Extra Parameters MUST ignore all
+unrecognized keys. Currently, the only Extra Parameter recognized is
+"version" with a value of '1' or '2'.  See protocol-v2.txt for more
+information on protocol version 2.
+
 Git Transport
 -------------
 
@@ -38,18 +60,25 @@ The Git transport starts off by sending the command and repository
 on the wire using the pkt-line format, followed by a NUL byte and a
 hostname parameter, terminated by a NUL byte.
 
-   0032git-upload-pack /project.git\0host=myserver.com\0
+   0033git-upload-pack /project.git\0host=myserver.com\0
+
+The transport may send Extra Parameters by adding an additional NUL
+byte, and then adding one or more NUL-terminated strings:
+
+   003egit-upload-pack /project.git\0host=myserver.com\0\0version=1\0
 
 --
-   git-proto-request = request-command SP pathname NUL [ host-parameter NUL ]
+   git-proto-request = request-command SP pathname NUL
+		       [ host-parameter NUL ] [ NUL extra-parameters ]
    request-command   = "git-upload-pack" / "git-receive-pack" /
 		       "git-upload-archive"   ; case sensitive
    pathname          = *( %x01-ff ) ; exclude NUL
    host-parameter    = "host=" hostname [ ":" port ]
+   extra-parameters  = 1*extra-parameter
+   extra-parameter   = 1*( %x01-ff ) NUL
 --
 
-Only host-parameter is allowed in the git-proto-request. Clients
-MUST NOT attempt to send additional parameters. It is used for the
+host-parameter is used for the
 git-daemon name based virtual hosting.  See --interpolated-path
 option to git daemon, with the %H/%CH format characters.
 
@@ -109,6 +138,12 @@ we execute it without the leading '/'.
 		     v
    ssh user@example.com "git-upload-pack '~alice/project.git'"
 
+Depending on the value of the `protocol.version` configuration variable,
+Git may attempt to send Extra Parameters as a colon-separated string in
+the GIT_PROTOCOL environment variable. This is done only if
+the `ssh.variant` configuration variable indicates that the ssh command
+supports passing environment variables as an argument.
+
 A few things to remember here:
 
 - The "command name" is spelled with dash (e.g. git-upload-pack), but
@@ -129,11 +164,13 @@ Reference Discovery
 -------------------
 
 When the client initially connects the server will immediately respond
-with a listing of each reference it has (all branches and tags) along
+with a version number (if "version=1" is sent as an Extra Parameter),
+and a listing of each reference it has (all branches and tags) along
 with the object name that each reference currently points to.
 
-   $ echo -e -n "0039git-upload-pack /schacon/gitbook.git\0host=example.com\0" |
+   $ echo -e -n "0044git-upload-pack /schacon/gitbook.git\0host=example.com\0\0version=1\0" |
       nc -v example.com 9418
+   000aversion 1
    00887217a7c7e582c46cec22a130adf4b9d7d950fba0 HEAD\0multi_ack thin-pack
 		side-band side-band-64k ofs-delta shallow no-progress include-tag
    00441d3fcd5ced445d1abc402225c0b8a1299641f497 refs/heads/integration
@@ -143,9 +180,6 @@ with the object name that each reference currently points to.
    003fe92df48743b7bc7d26bcaabfddde0a1e20cae47c refs/tags/v1.0^{}
    0000
 
-Server SHOULD terminate each non-flush line using LF ("\n") terminator;
-client MUST NOT complain if there is no terminator.
-
 The returned response is a pkt-line stream describing each ref and
 its current value.  The stream MUST be sorted by name according to
 the C locale ordering.
@@ -160,20 +194,21 @@ immediately after the ref itself, if presented. A conforming server
 MUST peel the ref if it's an annotated tag.
 
 ----
-  advertised-refs  =  (no-refs / list-of-refs)
+  advertised-refs  =  *1("version 1")
+		      (no-refs / list-of-refs)
 		      *shallow
 		      flush-pkt
 
   no-refs          =  PKT-LINE(zero-id SP "capabilities^{}"
-		      NUL capability-list LF)
+		      NUL capability-list)
 
   list-of-refs     =  first-ref *other-ref
   first-ref        =  PKT-LINE(obj-id SP refname
-		      NUL capability-list LF)
+		      NUL capability-list)
 
   other-ref        =  PKT-LINE(other-tip / other-peeled)
-  other-tip        =  obj-id SP refname LF
-  other-peeled     =  obj-id SP refname "^{}" LF
+  other-tip        =  obj-id SP refname
+  other-peeled     =  obj-id SP refname "^{}"
 
   shallow          =  PKT-LINE("shallow" SP obj-id)
 
@@ -194,7 +229,7 @@ After reference and capabilities discovery, the client can decide to
 terminate the connection by sending a flush-pkt, telling the server it can
 now gracefully terminate, and disconnect, when it does not need any pack
 data. This can happen with the ls-remote command, and also can happen when
-the client already is up-to-date.
+the client already is up to date.
 
 Otherwise, it enters the negotiation phase, where the client and
 server determine what the minimal packfile necessary for transport is,
@@ -207,6 +242,7 @@ out of what the server said it could do with the first 'want' line.
   upload-request    =  want-list
 		       *shallow-line
 		       *1depth-request
+		       [filter-request]
 		       flush-pkt
 
   want-list         =  first-want
@@ -214,12 +250,16 @@ out of what the server said it could do with the first 'want' line.
 
   shallow-line      =  PKT-LINE("shallow" SP obj-id)
 
-  depth-request     =  PKT-LINE("deepen" SP depth)
+  depth-request     =  PKT-LINE("deepen" SP depth) /
+		       PKT-LINE("deepen-since" SP timestamp) /
+		       PKT-LINE("deepen-not" SP ref)
 
-  first-want        =  PKT-LINE("want" SP obj-id SP capability-list LF)
-  additional-want   =  PKT-LINE("want" SP obj-id LF)
+  first-want        =  PKT-LINE("want" SP obj-id SP capability-list)
+  additional-want   =  PKT-LINE("want" SP obj-id)
 
   depth             =  1*DIGIT
+
+  filter-request    =  PKT-LINE("filter" SP filter-spec)
 ----
 
 Clients MUST send all the obj-ids it wants from the reference
@@ -242,6 +282,13 @@ complete those commits. Commits whose parents are not received as a
 result are defined as shallow and marked as such in the server. This
 information is sent back to the client in the next step.
 
+The client can optionally request that pack-objects omit various
+objects from the packfile using one of several filtering techniques.
+These are intended for use with partial clone and partial fetch
+operations. An object that does not meet a filter-spec value is
+omitted unless explicitly requested in a 'want' line. See `rev-list`
+for possible filter-spec values.
+
 Once all the 'want's and 'shallow's (and optional 'deepen') are
 transferred, clients MUST send a flush-pkt, to tell the server side
 that it is done sending the list.
@@ -284,7 +331,7 @@ so that there is always a block of 32 "in-flight on the wire" at a time.
 		       compute-end
 
   have-list         =  *have-line
-  have-line         =  PKT-LINE("have" SP obj-id LF)
+  have-line         =  PKT-LINE("have" SP obj-id)
   compute-end       =  flush-pkt / PKT-LINE("done")
 ----
 
@@ -302,7 +349,7 @@ In multi_ack mode:
     ready to make a packfile, it will blindly ACK all 'have' obj-ids
     back to the client.
 
-  * the server will then send a 'NACK' and then wait for another response
+  * the server will then send a 'NAK' and then wait for another response
     from the client - either a 'done' or another list of 'have' lines.
 
 In multi_ack_detailed mode:
@@ -344,14 +391,19 @@ ACK after 'done' if there is at least one common base and multi_ack or
 multi_ack_detailed is enabled. The server always sends NAK after 'done'
 if there is no common base found.
 
+Instead of 'ACK' or 'NAK', the server may send an error message (for
+example, if it does not recognize an object in a 'want' line received
+from the client).
+
 Then the server will start sending its packfile data.
 
 ----
-  server-response = *ack_multi ack / nak
-  ack_multi       = PKT-LINE("ACK" SP obj-id ack_status LF)
+  server-response = *ack_multi ack / nak / error-line
+  ack_multi       = PKT-LINE("ACK" SP obj-id ack_status)
   ack_status      = "continue" / "common" / "ready"
-  ack             = PKT-LINE("ACK SP obj-id LF)
-  nak             = PKT-LINE("NAK" LF)
+  ack             = PKT-LINE("ACK" SP obj-id)
+  nak             = PKT-LINE("NAK")
+  error-line     =  PKT-LINE("ERR" SP explanation-text)
 ----
 
 A simple clone may look like this (with no 'have' lines):
@@ -449,7 +501,8 @@ The reference discovery phase is done nearly the same way as it is in the
 fetching protocol. Each reference obj-id and name on the server is sent
 in packet-line format to the client, followed by a flush-pkt.  The only
 real difference is that the capability listing is different - the only
-possible values are 'report-status', 'delete-refs' and 'ofs-delta'.
+possible values are 'report-status', 'delete-refs', 'ofs-delta' and
+'push-options'.
 
 Reference Update Request and Packfile Transfer
 ----------------------------------------------
@@ -460,17 +513,15 @@ that it wants to update, it sends a line listing the obj-id currently on
 the server, the obj-id the client would like to update it to and the name
 of the reference.
 
-This list is followed by a flush-pkt and then the packfile that should
-contain all the objects that the server will need to complete the new
-references.
+This list is followed by a flush-pkt.
 
 ----
-  update-request    =  *shallow ( command-list | push-cert ) [pack-file]
+  update-requests   =  *shallow ( command-list | push-cert )
 
-  shallow           =  PKT-LINE("shallow" SP obj-id LF)
+  shallow           =  PKT-LINE("shallow" SP obj-id)
 
-  command-list      =  PKT-LINE(command NUL capability-list LF)
-		       *PKT-LINE(command LF)
+  command-list      =  PKT-LINE(command NUL capability-list)
+		       *PKT-LINE(command)
 		       flush-pkt
 
   command           =  create / delete / update
@@ -486,12 +537,35 @@ references.
 		      PKT-LINE("pusher" SP ident LF)
 		      PKT-LINE("pushee" SP url LF)
 		      PKT-LINE("nonce" SP nonce LF)
+		      *PKT-LINE("push-option" SP push-option LF)
 		      PKT-LINE(LF)
 		      *PKT-LINE(command LF)
 		      *PKT-LINE(gpg-signature-lines LF)
 		      PKT-LINE("push-cert-end" LF)
 
-  pack-file         = "PACK" 28*(OCTET)
+  push-option       =  1*( VCHAR | SP )
+----
+
+If the server has advertised the 'push-options' capability and the client has
+specified 'push-options' as part of the capability list above, the client then
+sends its push options followed by a flush-pkt.
+
+----
+  push-options      =  *PKT-LINE(push-option) flush-pkt
+----
+
+For backwards compatibility with older Git servers, if the client sends a push
+cert and push options, it MUST send its push options both embedded within the
+push cert and after the push cert. (Note that the push options within the cert
+are prefixed, but the push options after the cert are not.) Both these lists
+MUST be the same, modulo the prefix.
+
+After that the packfile that
+should contain all the objects that the server will need to complete the new
+references will be sent.
+
+----
+  packfile          =  "PACK" 28*(OCTET)
 ----
 
 If the receiving end does not support delete-refs, the sending end MUST
@@ -502,11 +576,11 @@ MUST NOT send a push-cert command.  When a push-cert command is
 sent, command-list MUST NOT be sent; the commands recorded in the
 push certificate is used instead.
 
-The pack-file MUST NOT be sent if the only command used is 'delete'.
+The packfile MUST NOT be sent if the only command used is 'delete'.
 
-A pack-file MUST be sent if either create or update command is used,
+A packfile MUST be sent if either create or update command is used,
 even if the server already has all the necessary objects.  In this
-case the client MUST send an empty pack-file.   The only time this
+case the client MUST send an empty packfile.   The only time this
 is likely to happen is if the client is creating
 a new branch or a tag that points to an existing obj-id.
 
@@ -521,7 +595,8 @@ Push Certificate
 
 A push certificate begins with a set of header lines.  After the
 header and an empty line, the protocol commands follow, one per
-line.
+line. Note that the trailing LF in push-cert PKT-LINEs is _not_
+optional; it must be present.
 
 Currently, the following header fields are defined:
 
@@ -560,12 +635,12 @@ update was successful, or 'ng [refname] [error]' if the update was not.
 		      1*(command-status)
 		      flush-pkt
 
-  unpack-status     = PKT-LINE("unpack" SP unpack-result LF)
+  unpack-status     = PKT-LINE("unpack" SP unpack-result)
   unpack-result     = "ok" / error-msg
 
   command-status    = command-ok / command-fail
-  command-ok        = PKT-LINE("ok" SP refname LF)
-  command-fail      = PKT-LINE("ng" SP refname SP error-msg LF)
+  command-ok        = PKT-LINE("ok" SP refname)
+  command-fail      = PKT-LINE("ng" SP refname SP error-msg)
 
   error-msg         = 1*(OCTECT) ; where not "ok"
 ----
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt b/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1ef66bd788
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+Partial Clone Design Notes
+==========================
+
+The "Partial Clone" feature is a performance optimization for Git that
+allows Git to function without having a complete copy of the repository.
+The goal of this work is to allow Git better handle extremely large
+repositories.
+
+During clone and fetch operations, Git downloads the complete contents
+and history of the repository.  This includes all commits, trees, and
+blobs for the complete life of the repository.  For extremely large
+repositories, clones can take hours (or days) and consume 100+GiB of disk
+space.
+
+Often in these repositories there are many blobs and trees that the user
+does not need such as:
+
+  1. files outside of the user's work area in the tree.  For example, in
+     a repository with 500K directories and 3.5M files in every commit,
+     we can avoid downloading many objects if the user only needs a
+     narrow "cone" of the source tree.
+
+  2. large binary assets.  For example, in a repository where large build
+     artifacts are checked into the tree, we can avoid downloading all
+     previous versions of these non-mergeable binary assets and only
+     download versions that are actually referenced.
+
+Partial clone allows us to avoid downloading such unneeded objects *in
+advance* during clone and fetch operations and thereby reduce download
+times and disk usage.  Missing objects can later be "demand fetched"
+if/when needed.
+
+Use of partial clone requires that the user be online and the origin
+remote be available for on-demand fetching of missing objects.  This may
+or may not be problematic for the user.  For example, if the user can
+stay within the pre-selected subset of the source tree, they may not
+encounter any missing objects.  Alternatively, the user could try to
+pre-fetch various objects if they know that they are going offline.
+
+
+Non-Goals
+---------
+
+Partial clone is a mechanism to limit the number of blobs and trees downloaded
+*within* a given range of commits -- and is therefore independent of and not
+intended to conflict with existing DAG-level mechanisms to limit the set of
+requested commits (i.e. shallow clone, single branch, or fetch '<refspec>').
+
+
+Design Overview
+---------------
+
+Partial clone logically consists of the following parts:
+
+- A mechanism for the client to describe unneeded or unwanted objects to
+  the server.
+
+- A mechanism for the server to omit such unwanted objects from packfiles
+  sent to the client.
+
+- A mechanism for the client to gracefully handle missing objects (that
+  were previously omitted by the server).
+
+- A mechanism for the client to backfill missing objects as needed.
+
+
+Design Details
+--------------
+
+- A new pack-protocol capability "filter" is added to the fetch-pack and
+  upload-pack negotiation.
++
+This uses the existing capability discovery mechanism.
+See "filter" in Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt.
+
+- Clients pass a "filter-spec" to clone and fetch which is passed to the
+  server to request filtering during packfile construction.
++
+There are various filters available to accommodate different situations.
+See "--filter=<filter-spec>" in Documentation/rev-list-options.txt.
+
+- On the server pack-objects applies the requested filter-spec as it
+  creates "filtered" packfiles for the client.
++
+These filtered packfiles are *incomplete* in the traditional sense because
+they may contain objects that reference objects not contained in the
+packfile and that the client doesn't already have.  For example, the
+filtered packfile may contain trees or tags that reference missing blobs
+or commits that reference missing trees.
+
+- On the client these incomplete packfiles are marked as "promisor packfiles"
+  and treated differently by various commands.
+
+- On the client a repository extension is added to the local config to
+  prevent older versions of git from failing mid-operation because of
+  missing objects that they cannot handle.
+  See "extensions.partialClone" in Documentation/technical/repository-version.txt"
+
+
+Handling Missing Objects
+------------------------
+
+- An object may be missing due to a partial clone or fetch, or missing due
+  to repository corruption.  To differentiate these cases, the local
+  repository specially indicates such filtered packfiles obtained from the
+  promisor remote as "promisor packfiles".
++
+These promisor packfiles consist of a "<name>.promisor" file with
+arbitrary contents (like the "<name>.keep" files), in addition to
+their "<name>.pack" and "<name>.idx" files.
+
+- The local repository considers a "promisor object" to be an object that
+  it knows (to the best of its ability) that the promisor remote has promised
+  that it has, either because the local repository has that object in one of
+  its promisor packfiles, or because another promisor object refers to it.
++
+When Git encounters a missing object, Git can see if it a promisor object
+and handle it appropriately.  If not, Git can report a corruption.
++
+This means that there is no need for the client to explicitly maintain an
+expensive-to-modify list of missing objects.[a]
+
+- Since almost all Git code currently expects any referenced object to be
+  present locally and because we do not want to force every command to do
+  a dry-run first, a fallback mechanism is added to allow Git to attempt
+  to dynamically fetch missing objects from the promisor remote.
++
+When the normal object lookup fails to find an object, Git invokes
+fetch-object to try to get the object from the server and then retry
+the object lookup.  This allows objects to be "faulted in" without
+complicated prediction algorithms.
++
+For efficiency reasons, no check as to whether the missing object is
+actually a promisor object is performed.
++
+Dynamic object fetching tends to be slow as objects are fetched one at
+a time.
+
+- `checkout` (and any other command using `unpack-trees`) has been taught
+  to bulk pre-fetch all required missing blobs in a single batch.
+
+- `rev-list` has been taught to print missing objects.
++
+This can be used by other commands to bulk prefetch objects.
+For example, a "git log -p A..B" may internally want to first do
+something like "git rev-list --objects --quiet --missing=print A..B"
+and prefetch those objects in bulk.
+
+- `fsck` has been updated to be fully aware of promisor objects.
+
+- `repack` in GC has been updated to not touch promisor packfiles at all,
+  and to only repack other objects.
+
+- The global variable "fetch_if_missing" is used to control whether an
+  object lookup will attempt to dynamically fetch a missing object or
+  report an error.
++
+We are not happy with this global variable and would like to remove it,
+but that requires significant refactoring of the object code to pass an
+additional flag.  We hope that concurrent efforts to add an ODB API can
+encompass this.
+
+
+Fetching Missing Objects
+------------------------
+
+- Fetching of objects is done using the existing transport mechanism using
+  transport_fetch_refs(), setting a new transport option
+  TRANS_OPT_NO_DEPENDENTS to indicate that only the objects themselves are
+  desired, not any object that they refer to.
++
+Because some transports invoke fetch_pack() in the same process, fetch_pack()
+has been updated to not use any object flags when the corresponding argument
+(no_dependents) is set.
+
+- The local repository sends a request with the hashes of all requested
+  objects as "want" lines, and does not perform any packfile negotiation.
+  It then receives a packfile.
+
+- Because we are reusing the existing fetch-pack mechanism, fetching
+  currently fetches all objects referred to by the requested objects, even
+  though they are not necessary.
+
+
+Current Limitations
+-------------------
+
+- The remote used for a partial clone (or the first partial fetch
+  following a regular clone) is marked as the "promisor remote".
++
+We are currently limited to a single promisor remote and only that
+remote may be used for subsequent partial fetches.
++
+We accept this limitation because we believe initial users of this
+feature will be using it on repositories with a strong single central
+server.
+
+- Dynamic object fetching will only ask the promisor remote for missing
+  objects.  We assume that the promisor remote has a complete view of the
+  repository and can satisfy all such requests.
+
+- Repack essentially treats promisor and non-promisor packfiles as 2
+  distinct partitions and does not mix them.  Repack currently only works
+  on non-promisor packfiles and loose objects.
+
+- Dynamic object fetching invokes fetch-pack once *for each item*
+  because most algorithms stumble upon a missing object and need to have
+  it resolved before continuing their work.  This may incur significant
+  overhead -- and multiple authentication requests -- if many objects are
+  needed.
+
+- Dynamic object fetching currently uses the existing pack protocol V0
+  which means that each object is requested via fetch-pack.  The server
+  will send a full set of info/refs when the connection is established.
+  If there are large number of refs, this may incur significant overhead.
+
+
+Future Work
+-----------
+
+- Allow more than one promisor remote and define a strategy for fetching
+  missing objects from specific promisor remotes or of iterating over the
+  set of promisor remotes until a missing object is found.
++
+A user might want to have multiple geographically-close cache servers
+for fetching missing blobs while continuing to do filtered `git-fetch`
+commands from the central server, for example.
++
+Or the user might want to work in a triangular work flow with multiple
+promisor remotes that each have an incomplete view of the repository.
+
+- Allow repack to work on promisor packfiles (while keeping them distinct
+  from non-promisor packfiles).
+
+- Allow non-pathname-based filters to make use of packfile bitmaps (when
+  present).  This was just an omission during the initial implementation.
+
+- Investigate use of a long-running process to dynamically fetch a series
+  of objects, such as proposed in [5,6] to reduce process startup and
+  overhead costs.
++
+It would be nice if pack protocol V2 could allow that long-running
+process to make a series of requests over a single long-running
+connection.
+
+- Investigate pack protocol V2 to avoid the info/refs broadcast on
+  each connection with the server to dynamically fetch missing objects.
+
+- Investigate the need to handle loose promisor objects.
++
+Objects in promisor packfiles are allowed to reference missing objects
+that can be dynamically fetched from the server.  An assumption was
+made that loose objects are only created locally and therefore should
+not reference a missing object.  We may need to revisit that assumption
+if, for example, we dynamically fetch a missing tree and store it as a
+loose object rather than a single object packfile.
++
+This does not necessarily mean we need to mark loose objects as promisor;
+it may be sufficient to relax the object lookup or is-promisor functions.
+
+
+Non-Tasks
+---------
+
+- Every time the subject of "demand loading blobs" comes up it seems
+  that someone suggests that the server be allowed to "guess" and send
+  additional objects that may be related to the requested objects.
++
+No work has gone into actually doing that; we're just documenting that
+it is a common suggestion.  We're not sure how it would work and have
+no plans to work on it.
++
+It is valid for the server to send more objects than requested (even
+for a dynamic object fetch), but we are not building on that.
+
+
+Footnotes
+---------
+
+[a] expensive-to-modify list of missing objects:  Earlier in the design of
+    partial clone we discussed the need for a single list of missing objects.
+    This would essentially be a sorted linear list of OIDs that the were
+    omitted by the server during a clone or subsequent fetches.
+
+This file would need to be loaded into memory on every object lookup.
+It would need to be read, updated, and re-written (like the .git/index)
+on every explicit "git fetch" command *and* on any dynamic object fetch.
+
+The cost to read, update, and write this file could add significant
+overhead to every command if there are many missing objects.  For example,
+if there are 100M missing blobs, this file would be at least 2GiB on disk.
+
+With the "promisor" concept, we *infer* a missing object based upon the
+type of packfile that references it.
+
+
+Related Links
+-------------
+[0] https://crbug.com/git/2
+    Bug#2: Partial Clone
+
+[1] https://public-inbox.org/git/20170113155253.1644-1-benpeart@microsoft.com/ +
+    Subject: [RFC] Add support for downloading blobs on demand +
+    Date: Fri, 13 Jan 2017 10:52:53 -0500
+
+[2] https://public-inbox.org/git/cover.1506714999.git.jonathantanmy@google.com/ +
+    Subject: [PATCH 00/18] Partial clone (from clone to lazy fetch in 18 patches) +
+    Date: Fri, 29 Sep 2017 13:11:36 -0700
+
+[3] https://public-inbox.org/git/20170426221346.25337-1-jonathantanmy@google.com/ +
+    Subject: Proposal for missing blob support in Git repos +
+    Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2017 15:13:46 -0700
+
+[4] https://public-inbox.org/git/1488999039-37631-1-git-send-email-git@jeffhostetler.com/ +
+    Subject: [PATCH 00/10] RFC Partial Clone and Fetch +
+    Date: Wed,  8 Mar 2017 18:50:29 +0000
+
+[5] https://public-inbox.org/git/20170505152802.6724-1-benpeart@microsoft.com/ +
+    Subject: [PATCH v7 00/10] refactor the filter process code into a reusable module +
+    Date: Fri,  5 May 2017 11:27:52 -0400
+
+[6] https://public-inbox.org/git/20170714132651.170708-1-benpeart@microsoft.com/ +
+    Subject: [RFC/PATCH v2 0/1] Add support for downloading blobs on demand +
+    Date: Fri, 14 Jul 2017 09:26:50 -0400
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt b/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt
index 4f8a7bfb4c..332d209b58 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt
@@ -179,6 +179,31 @@ This capability adds "deepen", "shallow" and "unshallow" commands to
 the  fetch-pack/upload-pack protocol so clients can request shallow
 clones.
 
+deepen-since
+------------
+
+This capability adds "deepen-since" command to fetch-pack/upload-pack
+protocol so the client can request shallow clones that are cut at a
+specific time, instead of depth. Internally it's equivalent of doing
+"rev-list --max-age=<timestamp>" on the server side. "deepen-since"
+cannot be used with "deepen".
+
+deepen-not
+----------
+
+This capability adds "deepen-not" command to fetch-pack/upload-pack
+protocol so the client can request shallow clones that are cut at a
+specific revision, instead of depth. Internally it's equivalent of
+doing "rev-list --not <rev>" on the server side. "deepen-not"
+cannot be used with "deepen", but can be used with "deepen-since".
+
+deepen-relative
+---------------
+
+If this capability is requested by the client, the semantics of
+"deepen" command is changed. The "depth" argument is the depth from
+the current shallow boundary, instead of the depth from remote refs.
+
 no-progress
 -----------
 
@@ -253,6 +278,15 @@ atomic pushes. If the pushing client requests this capability, the server
 will update the refs in one atomic transaction. Either all refs are
 updated or none.
 
+push-options
+------------
+
+If the server sends the 'push-options' capability it is able to accept
+push options after the update commands have been sent, but before the
+packfile is streamed. If the pushing client requests this capability,
+the server will pass the options to the pre- and post- receive hooks
+that process this push request.
+
 allow-tip-sha1-in-want
 ----------------------
 
@@ -260,6 +294,13 @@ If the upload-pack server advertises this capability, fetch-pack may
 send "want" lines with SHA-1s that exist at the server but are not
 advertised by upload-pack.
 
+allow-reachable-sha1-in-want
+----------------------------
+
+If the upload-pack server advertises this capability, fetch-pack may
+send "want" lines with SHA-1s that exist at the server but are not
+advertised by upload-pack.
+
 push-cert=<nonce>
 -----------------
 
@@ -268,3 +309,11 @@ to accept a signed push certificate, and asks the <nonce> to be
 included in the push certificate.  A send-pack client MUST NOT
 send a push-cert packet unless the receive-pack server advertises
 this capability.
+
+filter
+------
+
+If the upload-pack server advertises the 'filter' capability,
+fetch-pack may send "filter" commands to request a partial clone
+or partial fetch and request that the server omit various objects
+from the packfile.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/protocol-common.txt b/Documentation/technical/protocol-common.txt
index 889985f707..ecedb34bba 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/protocol-common.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/protocol-common.txt
@@ -62,11 +62,14 @@ A pkt-line MAY contain binary data, so implementors MUST ensure
 pkt-line parsing/formatting routines are 8-bit clean.
 
 A non-binary line SHOULD BE terminated by an LF, which if present
-MUST be included in the total length.
-
-The maximum length of a pkt-line's data component is 65520 bytes.
-Implementations MUST NOT send pkt-line whose length exceeds 65524
-(65520 bytes of payload + 4 bytes of length data).
+MUST be included in the total length. Receivers MUST treat pkt-lines
+with non-binary data the same whether or not they contain the trailing
+LF (stripping the LF if present, and not complaining when it is
+missing).
+
+The maximum length of a pkt-line's data component is 65516 bytes.
+Implementations MUST NOT send pkt-line whose length exceeds 65520
+(65516 bytes of payload + 4 bytes of length data).
 
 Implementations SHOULD NOT send an empty pkt-line ("0004").
 
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt b/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..09e4e0273f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,439 @@
+ Git Wire Protocol, Version 2
+==============================
+
+This document presents a specification for a version 2 of Git's wire
+protocol.  Protocol v2 will improve upon v1 in the following ways:
+
+  * Instead of multiple service names, multiple commands will be
+    supported by a single service
+  * Easily extendable as capabilities are moved into their own section
+    of the protocol, no longer being hidden behind a NUL byte and
+    limited by the size of a pkt-line
+  * Separate out other information hidden behind NUL bytes (e.g. agent
+    string as a capability and symrefs can be requested using 'ls-refs')
+  * Reference advertisement will be omitted unless explicitly requested
+  * ls-refs command to explicitly request some refs
+  * Designed with http and stateless-rpc in mind.  With clear flush
+    semantics the http remote helper can simply act as a proxy
+
+In protocol v2 communication is command oriented.  When first contacting a
+server a list of capabilities will advertised.  Some of these capabilities
+will be commands which a client can request be executed.  Once a command
+has completed, a client can reuse the connection and request that other
+commands be executed.
+
+ Packet-Line Framing
+---------------------
+
+All communication is done using packet-line framing, just as in v1.  See
+`Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt` and
+`Documentation/technical/protocol-common.txt` for more information.
+
+In protocol v2 these special packets will have the following semantics:
+
+  * '0000' Flush Packet (flush-pkt) - indicates the end of a message
+  * '0001' Delimiter Packet (delim-pkt) - separates sections of a message
+
+ Initial Client Request
+------------------------
+
+In general a client can request to speak protocol v2 by sending
+`version=2` through the respective side-channel for the transport being
+used which inevitably sets `GIT_PROTOCOL`.  More information can be
+found in `pack-protocol.txt` and `http-protocol.txt`.  In all cases the
+response from the server is the capability advertisement.
+
+ Git Transport
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When using the git:// transport, you can request to use protocol v2 by
+sending "version=2" as an extra parameter:
+
+   003egit-upload-pack /project.git\0host=myserver.com\0\0version=2\0
+
+ SSH and File Transport
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When using either the ssh:// or file:// transport, the GIT_PROTOCOL
+environment variable must be set explicitly to include "version=2".
+
+ HTTP Transport
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When using the http:// or https:// transport a client makes a "smart"
+info/refs request as described in `http-protocol.txt` and requests that
+v2 be used by supplying "version=2" in the `Git-Protocol` header.
+
+   C: GET $GIT_URL/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.0
+   C: Git-Protocol: version=2
+
+A v2 server would reply:
+
+   S: 200 OK
+   S: <Some headers>
+   S: ...
+   S:
+   S: 000eversion 2\n
+   S: <capability-advertisement>
+
+Subsequent requests are then made directly to the service
+`$GIT_URL/git-upload-pack`. (This works the same for git-receive-pack).
+
+ Capability Advertisement
+--------------------------
+
+A server which decides to communicate (based on a request from a client)
+using protocol version 2, notifies the client by sending a version string
+in its initial response followed by an advertisement of its capabilities.
+Each capability is a key with an optional value.  Clients must ignore all
+unknown keys.  Semantics of unknown values are left to the definition of
+each key.  Some capabilities will describe commands which can be requested
+to be executed by the client.
+
+    capability-advertisement = protocol-version
+			       capability-list
+			       flush-pkt
+
+    protocol-version = PKT-LINE("version 2" LF)
+    capability-list = *capability
+    capability = PKT-LINE(key[=value] LF)
+
+    key = 1*(ALPHA | DIGIT | "-_")
+    value = 1*(ALPHA | DIGIT | " -_.,?\/{}[]()<>!@#$%^&*+=:;")
+
+ Command Request
+-----------------
+
+After receiving the capability advertisement, a client can then issue a
+request to select the command it wants with any particular capabilities
+or arguments.  There is then an optional section where the client can
+provide any command specific parameters or queries.  Only a single
+command can be requested at a time.
+
+    request = empty-request | command-request
+    empty-request = flush-pkt
+    command-request = command
+		      capability-list
+		      [command-args]
+		      flush-pkt
+    command = PKT-LINE("command=" key LF)
+    command-args = delim-pkt
+		   *command-specific-arg
+
+    command-specific-args are packet line framed arguments defined by
+    each individual command.
+
+The server will then check to ensure that the client's request is
+comprised of a valid command as well as valid capabilities which were
+advertised.  If the request is valid the server will then execute the
+command.  A server MUST wait till it has received the client's entire
+request before issuing a response.  The format of the response is
+determined by the command being executed, but in all cases a flush-pkt
+indicates the end of the response.
+
+When a command has finished, and the client has received the entire
+response from the server, a client can either request that another
+command be executed or can terminate the connection.  A client may
+optionally send an empty request consisting of just a flush-pkt to
+indicate that no more requests will be made.
+
+ Capabilities
+--------------
+
+There are two different types of capabilities: normal capabilities,
+which can be used to to convey information or alter the behavior of a
+request, and commands, which are the core actions that a client wants to
+perform (fetch, push, etc).
+
+Protocol version 2 is stateless by default.  This means that all commands
+must only last a single round and be stateless from the perspective of the
+server side, unless the client has requested a capability indicating that
+state should be maintained by the server.  Clients MUST NOT require state
+management on the server side in order to function correctly.  This
+permits simple round-robin load-balancing on the server side, without
+needing to worry about state management.
+
+ agent
+~~~~~~~
+
+The server can advertise the `agent` capability with a value `X` (in the
+form `agent=X`) to notify the client that the server is running version
+`X`.  The client may optionally send its own agent string by including
+the `agent` capability with a value `Y` (in the form `agent=Y`) in its
+request to the server (but it MUST NOT do so if the server did not
+advertise the agent capability). The `X` and `Y` strings may contain any
+printable ASCII characters except space (i.e., the byte range 32 < x <
+127), and are typically of the form "package/version" (e.g.,
+"git/1.8.3.1"). The agent strings are purely informative for statistics
+and debugging purposes, and MUST NOT be used to programmatically assume
+the presence or absence of particular features.
+
+ ls-refs
+~~~~~~~~~
+
+`ls-refs` is the command used to request a reference advertisement in v2.
+Unlike the current reference advertisement, ls-refs takes in arguments
+which can be used to limit the refs sent from the server.
+
+Additional features not supported in the base command will be advertised
+as the value of the command in the capability advertisement in the form
+of a space separated list of features: "<command>=<feature 1> <feature 2>"
+
+ls-refs takes in the following arguments:
+
+    symrefs
+	In addition to the object pointed by it, show the underlying ref
+	pointed by it when showing a symbolic ref.
+    peel
+	Show peeled tags.
+    ref-prefix <prefix>
+	When specified, only references having a prefix matching one of
+	the provided prefixes are displayed.
+
+The output of ls-refs is as follows:
+
+    output = *ref
+	     flush-pkt
+    ref = PKT-LINE(obj-id SP refname *(SP ref-attribute) LF)
+    ref-attribute = (symref | peeled)
+    symref = "symref-target:" symref-target
+    peeled = "peeled:" obj-id
+
+ fetch
+~~~~~~~
+
+`fetch` is the command used to fetch a packfile in v2.  It can be looked
+at as a modified version of the v1 fetch where the ref-advertisement is
+stripped out (since the `ls-refs` command fills that role) and the
+message format is tweaked to eliminate redundancies and permit easy
+addition of future extensions.
+
+Additional features not supported in the base command will be advertised
+as the value of the command in the capability advertisement in the form
+of a space separated list of features: "<command>=<feature 1> <feature 2>"
+
+A `fetch` request can take the following arguments:
+
+    want <oid>
+	Indicates to the server an object which the client wants to
+	retrieve.  Wants can be anything and are not limited to
+	advertised objects.
+
+    have <oid>
+	Indicates to the server an object which the client has locally.
+	This allows the server to make a packfile which only contains
+	the objects that the client needs. Multiple 'have' lines can be
+	supplied.
+
+    done
+	Indicates to the server that negotiation should terminate (or
+	not even begin if performing a clone) and that the server should
+	use the information supplied in the request to construct the
+	packfile.
+
+    thin-pack
+	Request that a thin pack be sent, which is a pack with deltas
+	which reference base objects not contained within the pack (but
+	are known to exist at the receiving end). This can reduce the
+	network traffic significantly, but it requires the receiving end
+	to know how to "thicken" these packs by adding the missing bases
+	to the pack.
+
+    no-progress
+	Request that progress information that would normally be sent on
+	side-band channel 2, during the packfile transfer, should not be
+	sent.  However, the side-band channel 3 is still used for error
+	responses.
+
+    include-tag
+	Request that annotated tags should be sent if the objects they
+	point to are being sent.
+
+    ofs-delta
+	Indicate that the client understands PACKv2 with delta referring
+	to its base by position in pack rather than by an oid.  That is,
+	they can read OBJ_OFS_DELTA (ake type 6) in a packfile.
+
+If the 'shallow' feature is advertised the following arguments can be
+included in the clients request as well as the potential addition of the
+'shallow-info' section in the server's response as explained below.
+
+    shallow <oid>
+	A client must notify the server of all commits for which it only
+	has shallow copies (meaning that it doesn't have the parents of
+	a commit) by supplying a 'shallow <oid>' line for each such
+	object so that the server is aware of the limitations of the
+	client's history.  This is so that the server is aware that the
+	client may not have all objects reachable from such commits.
+
+    deepen <depth>
+	Requests that the fetch/clone should be shallow having a commit
+	depth of <depth> relative to the remote side.
+
+    deepen-relative
+	Requests that the semantics of the "deepen" command be changed
+	to indicate that the depth requested is relative to the client's
+	current shallow boundary, instead of relative to the requested
+	commits.
+
+    deepen-since <timestamp>
+	Requests that the shallow clone/fetch should be cut at a
+	specific time, instead of depth.  Internally it's equivalent to
+	doing "git rev-list --max-age=<timestamp>". Cannot be used with
+	"deepen".
+
+    deepen-not <rev>
+	Requests that the shallow clone/fetch should be cut at a
+	specific revision specified by '<rev>', instead of a depth.
+	Internally it's equivalent of doing "git rev-list --not <rev>".
+	Cannot be used with "deepen", but can be used with
+	"deepen-since".
+
+If the 'filter' feature is advertised, the following argument can be
+included in the client's request:
+
+    filter <filter-spec>
+	Request that various objects from the packfile be omitted
+	using one of several filtering techniques. These are intended
+	for use with partial clone and partial fetch operations. See
+	`rev-list` for possible "filter-spec" values.
+
+If the 'ref-in-want' feature is advertised, the following argument can
+be included in the client's request as well as the potential addition of
+the 'wanted-refs' section in the server's response as explained below.
+
+    want-ref <ref>
+	Indicates to the server that the client wants to retrieve a
+	particular ref, where <ref> is the full name of a ref on the
+	server.
+
+The response of `fetch` is broken into a number of sections separated by
+delimiter packets (0001), with each section beginning with its section
+header.
+
+    output = *section
+    section = (acknowledgments | shallow-info | wanted-refs | packfile)
+	      (flush-pkt | delim-pkt)
+
+    acknowledgments = PKT-LINE("acknowledgments" LF)
+		      (nak | *ack)
+		      (ready)
+    ready = PKT-LINE("ready" LF)
+    nak = PKT-LINE("NAK" LF)
+    ack = PKT-LINE("ACK" SP obj-id LF)
+
+    shallow-info = PKT-LINE("shallow-info" LF)
+		   *PKT-LINE((shallow | unshallow) LF)
+    shallow = "shallow" SP obj-id
+    unshallow = "unshallow" SP obj-id
+
+    wanted-refs = PKT-LINE("wanted-refs" LF)
+		  *PKT-LINE(wanted-ref LF)
+    wanted-ref = obj-id SP refname
+
+    packfile = PKT-LINE("packfile" LF)
+	       *PKT-LINE(%x01-03 *%x00-ff)
+
+    acknowledgments section
+	* If the client determines that it is finished with negotiations
+	  by sending a "done" line, the acknowledgments sections MUST be
+	  omitted from the server's response.
+
+	* Always begins with the section header "acknowledgments"
+
+	* The server will respond with "NAK" if none of the object ids sent
+	  as have lines were common.
+
+	* The server will respond with "ACK obj-id" for all of the
+	  object ids sent as have lines which are common.
+
+	* A response cannot have both "ACK" lines as well as a "NAK"
+	  line.
+
+	* The server will respond with a "ready" line indicating that
+	  the server has found an acceptable common base and is ready to
+	  make and send a packfile (which will be found in the packfile
+	  section of the same response)
+
+	* If the server has found a suitable cut point and has decided
+	  to send a "ready" line, then the server can decide to (as an
+	  optimization) omit any "ACK" lines it would have sent during
+	  its response.  This is because the server will have already
+	  determined the objects it plans to send to the client and no
+	  further negotiation is needed.
+
+    shallow-info section
+	* If the client has requested a shallow fetch/clone, a shallow
+	  client requests a fetch or the server is shallow then the
+	  server's response may include a shallow-info section.  The
+	  shallow-info section will be included if (due to one of the
+	  above conditions) the server needs to inform the client of any
+	  shallow boundaries or adjustments to the clients already
+	  existing shallow boundaries.
+
+	* Always begins with the section header "shallow-info"
+
+	* If a positive depth is requested, the server will compute the
+	  set of commits which are no deeper than the desired depth.
+
+	* The server sends a "shallow obj-id" line for each commit whose
+	  parents will not be sent in the following packfile.
+
+	* The server sends an "unshallow obj-id" line for each commit
+	  which the client has indicated is shallow, but is no longer
+	  shallow as a result of the fetch (due to its parents being
+	  sent in the following packfile).
+
+	* The server MUST NOT send any "unshallow" lines for anything
+	  which the client has not indicated was shallow as a part of
+	  its request.
+
+	* This section is only included if a packfile section is also
+	  included in the response.
+
+    wanted-refs section
+	* This section is only included if the client has requested a
+	  ref using a 'want-ref' line and if a packfile section is also
+	  included in the response.
+
+	* Always begins with the section header "wanted-refs".
+
+	* The server will send a ref listing ("<oid> <refname>") for
+	  each reference requested using 'want-ref' lines.
+
+	* The server MUST NOT send any refs which were not requested
+	  using 'want-ref' lines.
+
+    packfile section
+	* This section is only included if the client has sent 'want'
+	  lines in its request and either requested that no more
+	  negotiation be done by sending 'done' or if the server has
+	  decided it has found a sufficient cut point to produce a
+	  packfile.
+
+	* Always begins with the section header "packfile"
+
+	* The transmission of the packfile begins immediately after the
+	  section header
+
+	* The data transfer of the packfile is always multiplexed, using
+	  the same semantics of the 'side-band-64k' capability from
+	  protocol version 1.  This means that each packet, during the
+	  packfile data stream, is made up of a leading 4-byte pkt-line
+	  length (typical of the pkt-line format), followed by a 1-byte
+	  stream code, followed by the actual data.
+
+	  The stream code can be one of:
+		1 - pack data
+		2 - progress messages
+		3 - fatal error message just before stream aborts
+
+ server-option
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+If advertised, indicates that any number of server specific options can be
+included in a request.  This is done by sending each option as a
+"server-option=<option>" capability line in the capability-list section of
+a request.
+
+The provided options must not contain a NUL or LF character.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/racy-git.txt b/Documentation/technical/racy-git.txt
index 242a044db9..4a8be4d144 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/racy-git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/racy-git.txt
@@ -41,13 +41,17 @@ With a `USE_STDEV` compile-time option, `st_dev` is also
 compared, but this is not enabled by default because this member
 is not stable on network filesystems.  With `USE_NSEC`
 compile-time option, `st_mtim.tv_nsec` and `st_ctim.tv_nsec`
-members are also compared, but this is not enabled by default
+members are also compared. On Linux, this is not enabled by default
 because in-core timestamps can have finer granularity than
 on-disk timestamps, resulting in meaningless changes when an
 inode is evicted from the inode cache.  See commit 8ce13b0
 of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tglx/history.git
 ([PATCH] Sync in core time granularity with filesystems,
-2005-01-04).
+2005-01-04). This patch is included in kernel 2.6.11 and newer, but
+only fixes the issue for file systems with exactly 1 ns or 1 s
+resolution. Other file systems are still broken in current Linux
+kernels (e.g. CEPH, CIFS, NTFS, UDF), see
+https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/6/9/714
 
 Racy Git
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/repository-version.txt b/Documentation/technical/repository-version.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e03eaccebc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/repository-version.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+Git Repository Format Versions
+==============================
+
+Every git repository is marked with a numeric version in the
+`core.repositoryformatversion` key of its `config` file. This version
+specifies the rules for operating on the on-disk repository data. An
+implementation of git which does not understand a particular version
+advertised by an on-disk repository MUST NOT operate on that repository;
+doing so risks not only producing wrong results, but actually losing
+data.
+
+Because of this rule, version bumps should be kept to an absolute
+minimum. Instead, we generally prefer these strategies:
+
+  - bumping format version numbers of individual data files (e.g.,
+    index, packfiles, etc). This restricts the incompatibilities only to
+    those files.
+
+  - introducing new data that gracefully degrades when used by older
+    clients (e.g., pack bitmap files are ignored by older clients, which
+    simply do not take advantage of the optimization they provide).
+
+A whole-repository format version bump should only be part of a change
+that cannot be independently versioned. For instance, if one were to
+change the reachability rules for objects, or the rules for locking
+refs, that would require a bump of the repository format version.
+
+Note that this applies only to accessing the repository's disk contents
+directly. An older client which understands only format `0` may still
+connect via `git://` to a repository using format `1`, as long as the
+server process understands format `1`.
+
+The preferred strategy for rolling out a version bump (whether whole
+repository or for a single file) is to teach git to read the new format,
+and allow writing the new format with a config switch or command line
+option (for experimentation or for those who do not care about backwards
+compatibility with older gits). Then after a long period to allow the
+reading capability to become common, we may switch to writing the new
+format by default.
+
+The currently defined format versions are:
+
+Version `0`
+-----------
+
+This is the format defined by the initial version of git, including but
+not limited to the format of the repository directory, the repository
+configuration file, and the object and ref storage. Specifying the
+complete behavior of git is beyond the scope of this document.
+
+Version `1`
+-----------
+
+This format is identical to version `0`, with the following exceptions:
+
+  1. When reading the `core.repositoryformatversion` variable, a git
+     implementation which supports version 1 MUST also read any
+     configuration keys found in the `extensions` section of the
+     configuration file.
+
+  2. If a version-1 repository specifies any `extensions.*` keys that
+     the running git has not implemented, the operation MUST NOT
+     proceed. Similarly, if the value of any known key is not understood
+     by the implementation, the operation MUST NOT proceed.
+
+Note that if no extensions are specified in the config file, then
+`core.repositoryformatversion` SHOULD be set to `0` (setting it to `1`
+provides no benefit, and makes the repository incompatible with older
+implementations of git).
+
+This document will serve as the master list for extensions. Any
+implementation wishing to define a new extension should make a note of
+it here, in order to claim the name.
+
+The defined extensions are:
+
+`noop`
+~~~~~~
+
+This extension does not change git's behavior at all. It is useful only
+for testing format-1 compatibility.
+
+`preciousObjects`
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When the config key `extensions.preciousObjects` is set to `true`,
+objects in the repository MUST NOT be deleted (e.g., by `git-prune` or
+`git repack -d`).
+
+`partialclone`
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When the config key `extensions.partialclone` is set, it indicates
+that the repo was created with a partial clone (or later performed
+a partial fetch) and that the remote may have omitted sending
+certain unwanted objects.  Such a remote is called a "promisor remote"
+and it promises that all such omitted objects can be fetched from it
+in the future.
+
+The value of this key is the name of the promisor remote.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/shallow.txt b/Documentation/technical/shallow.txt
index 5183b15422..01dedfe9ff 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/shallow.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/shallow.txt
@@ -8,20 +8,22 @@ repo, and therefore grafts are introduced pretending that
 these commits have no parents.
 *********************************************************
 
-The basic idea is to write the SHA-1s of shallow commits into
-$GIT_DIR/shallow, and handle its contents like the contents
-of $GIT_DIR/info/grafts (with the difference that shallow
-cannot contain parent information).
-
-This information is stored in a new file instead of grafts, or
-even the config, since the user should not touch that file
-at all (even throughout development of the shallow clone, it
-was never manually edited!).
+$GIT_DIR/shallow lists commit object names and tells Git to
+pretend as if they are root commits (e.g. "git log" traversal
+stops after showing them; "git fsck" does not complain saying
+the commits listed on their "parent" lines do not exist).
 
 Each line contains exactly one SHA-1. When read, a commit_graft
 will be constructed, which has nr_parent < 0 to make it easier
 to discern from user provided grafts.
 
+Note that the shallow feature could not be changed easily to
+use replace refs: a commit containing a `mergetag` is not allowed
+to be replaced, not even by a root commit. Such a commit can be
+made shallow, though. Also, having a `shallow` file explicitly
+listing all the commits made shallow makes it a *lot* easier to
+do shallow-specific things such as to deepen the history.
+
 Since fsck-objects relies on the library to read the objects,
 it honours shallow commits automatically.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/signature-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/signature-format.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2c9406a56a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/signature-format.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+Git signature format
+====================
+
+== Overview
+
+Git uses cryptographic signatures in various places, currently objects (tags,
+commits, mergetags) and transactions (pushes). In every case, the command which
+is about to create an object or transaction determines a payload from that,
+calls gpg to obtain a detached signature for the payload (`gpg -bsa`) and
+embeds the signature into the object or transaction.
+
+Signatures always begin with `-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----`
+and end with `-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----`, unless gpg is told to
+produce RFC1991 signatures which use `MESSAGE` instead of `SIGNATURE`.
+
+The signed payload and the way the signature is embedded depends
+on the type of the object resp. transaction.
+
+== Tag signatures
+
+- created by: `git tag -s`
+- payload: annotated tag object
+- embedding: append the signature to the unsigned tag object
+- example: tag `signedtag` with subject `signed tag`
+
+----
+object 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
+type commit
+tag signedtag
+tagger C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981006 +0000
+
+signed tag
+
+signed tag message body
+-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
+Version: GnuPG v1
+
+iQEcBAABAgAGBQJXYRhOAAoJEGEJLoW3InGJklkIAIcnhL7RwEb/+QeX9enkXhxn
+rxfdqrvWd1K80sl2TOt8Bg/NYwrUBw/RWJ+sg/hhHp4WtvE1HDGHlkEz3y11Lkuh
+8tSxS3qKTxXUGozyPGuE90sJfExhZlW4knIQ1wt/yWqM+33E9pN4hzPqLwyrdods
+q8FWEqPPUbSJXoMbRPw04S5jrLtZSsUWbRYjmJCHzlhSfFWW4eFd37uquIaLUBS0
+rkC3Jrx7420jkIpgFcTI2s60uhSQLzgcCwdA2ukSYIRnjg/zDkj8+3h/GaROJ72x
+lZyI6HWixKJkWw8lE9aAOD9TmTW9sFJwcVAzmAuFX2kUreDUKMZduGcoRYGpD7E=
+=jpXa
+-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
+----
+
+- verify with: `git verify-tag [-v]` or `git tag -v`
+
+----
+gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 10:56:46 2016 CEST using RSA key ID B7227189
+gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
+gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
+gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
+Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
+object 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
+type commit
+tag signedtag
+tagger C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981006 +0000
+
+signed tag
+
+signed tag message body
+----
+
+== Commit signatures
+
+- created by: `git commit -S`
+- payload: commit object
+- embedding: header entry `gpgsig`
+  (content is preceded by a space)
+- example: commit with subject `signed commit`
+
+----
+tree eebfed94e75e7760540d1485c740902590a00332
+parent 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
+author A U Thor <author@example.com> 1465981137 +0000
+committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981137 +0000
+gpgsig -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
+ Version: GnuPG v1
+
+ iQEcBAABAgAGBQJXYRjRAAoJEGEJLoW3InGJ3IwIAIY4SA6GxY3BjL60YyvsJPh/
+ HRCJwH+w7wt3Yc/9/bW2F+gF72kdHOOs2jfv+OZhq0q4OAN6fvVSczISY/82LpS7
+ DVdMQj2/YcHDT4xrDNBnXnviDO9G7am/9OE77kEbXrp7QPxvhjkicHNwy2rEflAA
+ zn075rtEERDHr8nRYiDh8eVrefSO7D+bdQ7gv+7GsYMsd2auJWi1dHOSfTr9HIF4
+ HJhWXT9d2f8W+diRYXGh4X0wYiGg6na/soXc+vdtDYBzIxanRqjg8jCAeo1eOTk1
+ EdTwhcTZlI0x5pvJ3H0+4hA2jtldVtmPM4OTB0cTrEWBad7XV6YgiyuII73Ve3I=
+ =jKHM
+ -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
+
+signed commit
+
+signed commit message body
+----
+
+- verify with: `git verify-commit [-v]` (or `git show --show-signature`)
+
+----
+gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 10:58:57 2016 CEST using RSA key ID B7227189
+gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
+gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
+gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
+Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
+tree eebfed94e75e7760540d1485c740902590a00332
+parent 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
+author A U Thor <author@example.com> 1465981137 +0000
+committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981137 +0000
+
+signed commit
+
+signed commit message body
+----
+
+== Mergetag signatures
+
+- created by: `git merge` on signed tag
+- payload/embedding: the whole signed tag object is embedded into
+  the (merge) commit object as header entry `mergetag`
+- example: merge of the signed tag `signedtag` as above
+
+----
+tree c7b1cff039a93f3600a1d18b82d26688668c7dea
+parent c33429be94b5f2d3ee9b0adad223f877f174b05d
+parent 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
+author A U Thor <author@example.com> 1465982009 +0000
+committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465982009 +0000
+mergetag object 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
+ type commit
+ tag signedtag
+ tagger C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981006 +0000
+
+ signed tag
+
+ signed tag message body
+ -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
+ Version: GnuPG v1
+
+ iQEcBAABAgAGBQJXYRhOAAoJEGEJLoW3InGJklkIAIcnhL7RwEb/+QeX9enkXhxn
+ rxfdqrvWd1K80sl2TOt8Bg/NYwrUBw/RWJ+sg/hhHp4WtvE1HDGHlkEz3y11Lkuh
+ 8tSxS3qKTxXUGozyPGuE90sJfExhZlW4knIQ1wt/yWqM+33E9pN4hzPqLwyrdods
+ q8FWEqPPUbSJXoMbRPw04S5jrLtZSsUWbRYjmJCHzlhSfFWW4eFd37uquIaLUBS0
+ rkC3Jrx7420jkIpgFcTI2s60uhSQLzgcCwdA2ukSYIRnjg/zDkj8+3h/GaROJ72x
+ lZyI6HWixKJkWw8lE9aAOD9TmTW9sFJwcVAzmAuFX2kUreDUKMZduGcoRYGpD7E=
+ =jpXa
+ -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
+
+Merge tag 'signedtag' into downstream
+
+signed tag
+
+signed tag message body
+
+# gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 08:56:46 2016 UTC using RSA key ID B7227189
+# gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
+# gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
+# gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
+# Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
+----
+
+- verify with: verification is embedded in merge commit message by default,
+  alternatively with `git show --show-signature`:
+
+----
+commit 9863f0c76ff78712b6800e199a46aa56afbcbd49
+merged tag 'signedtag'
+gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 10:56:46 2016 CEST using RSA key ID B7227189
+gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
+gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
+gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
+Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
+Merge: c33429b 04b8717
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Wed Jun 15 09:13:29 2016 +0000
+
+    Merge tag 'signedtag' into downstream
+
+    signed tag
+
+    signed tag message body
+
+    # gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 08:56:46 2016 UTC using RSA key ID B7227189
+    # gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
+    # gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
+    # gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
+    # Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
+----
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/trivial-merge.txt b/Documentation/technical/trivial-merge.txt
index c79d4a7c47..1f1c33d0da 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/trivial-merge.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/trivial-merge.txt
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ or the result.
 If multiple cases apply, the one used is listed first.
 
 A result which changes the index is an error if the index is not empty
-and not up-to-date.
+and not up to date.
 
 Entries marked '+' have stat information. Spaces marked '*' don't
 affect the result.
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ empty, no entry is left for that stage). Otherwise, the given entry is
 left in stage 0, and there are no other entries.
 
 A result of "no merge" is an error if the index is not empty and not
-up-to-date.
+up to date.
 
 *empty* means that the tree must not have a directory-file conflict
  with the entry.
diff --git a/Documentation/texi.xsl b/Documentation/texi.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0f8ff07eca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/texi.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<!-- texi.xsl:
+     convert refsection elements into refsect elements that docbook2texi can
+     understand -->
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+		version="1.0">
+
+<xsl:output method="xml"
+	    encoding="UTF-8"
+	    doctype-public="-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
+	    doctype-system="http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" />
+
+<xsl:template match="//refsection">
+	<xsl:variable name="element">refsect<xsl:value-of select="count(ancestor-or-self::refsection)" /></xsl:variable>
+	<xsl:element name="{$element}">
+		<xsl:apply-templates select="@*|node()" />
+	</xsl:element>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Copy all other nodes through. -->
+<xsl:template match="node()|@*">
+	<xsl:copy>
+		<xsl:apply-templates select="@*|node()" />
+	</xsl:copy>
+</xsl:template>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/Documentation/transfer-data-leaks.txt b/Documentation/transfer-data-leaks.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..914bacc39e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/transfer-data-leaks.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+SECURITY
+--------
+The fetch and push protocols are not designed to prevent one side from
+stealing data from the other repository that was not intended to be
+shared. If you have private data that you need to protect from a malicious
+peer, your best option is to store it in another repository. This applies
+to both clients and servers. In particular, namespaces on a server are not
+effective for read access control; you should only grant read access to a
+namespace to clients that you would trust with read access to the entire
+repository.
+
+The known attack vectors are as follows:
+
+. The victim sends "have" lines advertising the IDs of objects it has that
+  are not explicitly intended to be shared but can be used to optimize the
+  transfer if the peer also has them. The attacker chooses an object ID X
+  to steal and sends a ref to X, but isn't required to send the content of
+  X because the victim already has it. Now the victim believes that the
+  attacker has X, and it sends the content of X back to the attacker
+  later. (This attack is most straightforward for a client to perform on a
+  server, by creating a ref to X in the namespace the client has access
+  to and then fetching it. The most likely way for a server to perform it
+  on a client is to "merge" X into a public branch and hope that the user
+  does additional work on this branch and pushes it back to the server
+  without noticing the merge.)
+
+. As in #1, the attacker chooses an object ID X to steal. The victim sends
+  an object Y that the attacker already has, and the attacker falsely
+  claims to have X and not Y, so the victim sends Y as a delta against X.
+  The delta reveals regions of X that are similar to Y to the attacker.
diff --git a/Documentation/urls-remotes.txt b/Documentation/urls-remotes.txt
index 282758e768..bd184cd653 100644
--- a/Documentation/urls-remotes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/urls-remotes.txt
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ The `<pushurl>` is used for pushes only. It is optional and defaults
 to `<url>`.
 
 Named file in `$GIT_DIR/remotes`
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 You can choose to provide the name of a
 file in `$GIT_DIR/remotes`.  The URL
diff --git a/Documentation/urls.txt b/Documentation/urls.txt
index 9ccb24677e..b05da95788 100644
--- a/Documentation/urls.txt
+++ b/Documentation/urls.txt
@@ -7,9 +7,8 @@ Depending on the transport protocol, some of this information may be
 absent.
 
 Git supports ssh, git, http, and https protocols (in addition, ftp,
-and ftps can be used for fetching and rsync can be used for fetching
-and pushing, but these are inefficient and deprecated; do not use
-them).
+and ftps can be used for fetching, but this is inefficient and
+deprecated; do not use it).
 
 The native transport (i.e. git:// URL) does no authentication and
 should be used with caution on unsecured networks.
@@ -20,7 +19,6 @@ The following syntaxes may be used with them:
 - git://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
 - http{startsb}s{endsb}://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
 - ftp{startsb}s{endsb}://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
-- rsync://host.xz/path/to/repo.git/
 
 An alternative scp-like syntax may also be used with the ssh protocol:
 
diff --git a/Documentation/user-manual.txt b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
index 7330d880f3..eff7890274 100644
--- a/Documentation/user-manual.txt
+++ b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:
 
   git checkout -b new_branch_name
 
-HEAD is now at 427abfa... Linux v2.6.17
+HEAD is now at 427abfa Linux v2.6.17
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 The HEAD then refers to the SHA-1 of the commit instead of to a branch,
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ Bisecting: 3537 revisions left to test after this
 
 If you run `git branch` at this point, you'll see that Git has
 temporarily moved you in "(no branch)". HEAD is now detached from any
-branch and points directly to a commit (with commit id 65934...) that
+branch and points directly to a commit (with commit id 65934) that
 is reachable from "master" but not from v2.6.18. Compile and test it,
 and see whether it crashes. Assume it does crash. Then:
 
@@ -549,14 +549,14 @@ says "bisect".  Choose a safe-looking commit nearby, note its commit
 id, and check it out with:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git reset --hard fb47ddb2db...
+$ git reset --hard fb47ddb2db
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 then test, run `bisect good` or `bisect bad` as appropriate, and
 continue.
 
 Instead of `git bisect visualize` and then `git reset --hard
-fb47ddb2db...`, you might just want to tell Git that you want to skip
+fb47ddb2db`, you might just want to tell Git that you want to skip
 the current commit:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -1200,7 +1200,7 @@ for other users who clone your repository.
 If you wish the exclude patterns to affect only certain repositories
 (instead of every repository for a given project), you may instead put
 them in a file in your repository named `.git/info/exclude`, or in any
-file specified by the `core.excludesfile` configuration variable.
+file specified by the `core.excludesFile` configuration variable.
 Some Git commands can also take exclude patterns directly on the
 command line.  See linkgit:gitignore[5] for the details.
 
@@ -1431,11 +1431,11 @@ differently.  Normally, a merge results in a merge commit, with two
 parents, one pointing at each of the two lines of development that
 were merged.
 
-However, if the current branch is a descendant of the other--so every
-commit present in the one is already contained in the other--then Git
-just performs a "fast-forward"; the head of the current branch is moved
-forward to point at the head of the merged-in branch, without any new
-commits being created.
+However, if the current branch is an ancestor of the other--so every commit
+present in the current branch is already contained in the other branch--then Git
+just performs a "fast-forward"; the head of the current branch is moved forward
+to point at the head of the merged-in branch, without any new commits being
+created.
 
 [[fixing-mistakes]]
 Fixing mistakes
@@ -1491,7 +1491,7 @@ resolving a merge>>.
 
 [[fixing-a-mistake-by-rewriting-history]]
 Fixing a mistake by rewriting history
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 If the problematic commit is the most recent commit, and you have not
 yet made that commit public, then you may just
@@ -1556,7 +1556,7 @@ so on a different branch and then coming back), unstash the
 work-in-progress changes.
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git stash save "work in progress for foo feature"
+$ git stash push -m "work in progress for foo feature"
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 This command will save your changes away to the `stash`, and
@@ -2044,10 +2044,12 @@ If a push would not result in a <<fast-forwards,fast-forward>> of the
 remote branch, then it will fail with an error like:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-error: remote 'refs/heads/master' is not an ancestor of
- local  'refs/heads/master'.
- Maybe you are not up-to-date and need to pull first?
-error: failed to push to 'ssh://yourserver.com/~you/proj.git'
+ ! [rejected]        master -> master (non-fast-forward)
+error: failed to push some refs to '...'
+hint: Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind
+hint: its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.
+hint: 'git pull ...') before pushing again.
+hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 This can happen, for example, if you:
@@ -2125,8 +2127,37 @@ Allowing web browsing of a repository
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 The gitweb cgi script provides users an easy way to browse your
-project's files and history without having to install Git; see the file
-gitweb/INSTALL in the Git source tree for instructions on setting it up.
+project's revisions, file contents and logs without having to install
+Git. Features like RSS/Atom feeds and blame/annotation details may
+optionally be enabled.
+
+The linkgit:git-instaweb[1] command provides a simple way to start
+browsing the repository using gitweb. The default server when using
+instaweb is lighttpd.
+
+See the file gitweb/INSTALL in the Git source tree and
+linkgit:gitweb[1] for instructions on details setting up a permanent
+installation with a CGI or Perl capable server.
+
+[[how-to-get-a-git-repository-with-minimal-history]]
+How to get a Git repository with minimal history
+------------------------------------------------
+
+A <<def_shallow_clone,shallow clone>>, with its truncated
+history, is useful when one is interested only in recent history
+of a project and getting full history from the upstream is
+expensive.
+
+A <<def_shallow_clone,shallow clone>> is created by specifying
+the linkgit:git-clone[1] `--depth` switch. The depth can later be
+changed with the linkgit:git-fetch[1] `--depth` switch, or full
+history restored with `--unshallow`.
+
+Merging inside a <<def_shallow_clone,shallow clone>> will work as long
+as a merge base is in the recent history.
+Otherwise, it will be like merging unrelated histories and may
+have to result in huge conflicts.  This limitation may make such
+a repository unsuitable to be used in merge based workflows.
 
 [[sharing-development-examples]]
 Examples
@@ -2164,7 +2195,7 @@ $ cd work
 Linus's tree will be stored in the remote-tracking branch named origin/master,
 and can be updated using linkgit:git-fetch[1]; you can track other
 public trees using linkgit:git-remote[1] to set up a "remote" and
-linkgit:git-fetch[1] to keep them up-to-date; see
+linkgit:git-fetch[1] to keep them up to date; see
 <<repositories-and-branches>>.
 
 Now create the branches in which you are going to work; these start out
@@ -3385,7 +3416,7 @@ commit abc
 Author:
 Date:
 ...
-:100644 100644 4b9458b... newsha... M somedirectory/myfile
+:100644 100644 4b9458b newsha M somedirectory/myfile
 
 
 commit xyz
@@ -3393,7 +3424,7 @@ Author:
 Date:
 
 ...
-:100644 100644 oldsha... 4b9458b... M somedirectory/myfile
+:100644 100644 oldsha 4b9458b M somedirectory/myfile
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 This tells you that the immediately following version of the file was
@@ -3418,13 +3449,13 @@ and your repository is good again!
 $ git log --raw --all
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-and just looked for the sha of the missing object (4b9458b..) in that
+and just looked for the sha of the missing object (4b9458b) in that
 whole thing. It's up to you--Git does *have* a lot of information, it is
 just missing one particular blob version.
 
 [[the-index]]
 The index
------------
+---------
 
 The index is a binary file (generally kept in `.git/index`) containing a
 sorted list of path names, each with permissions and the SHA-1 of a blob
@@ -4083,9 +4114,9 @@ program, e.g.  `diff3`, `merge`, or Git's own merge-file, on
 the blob objects from these three stages yourself, like this:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git cat-file blob 263414f... >hello.c~1
-$ git cat-file blob 06fa6a2... >hello.c~2
-$ git cat-file blob cc44c73... >hello.c~3
+$ git cat-file blob 263414f >hello.c~1
+$ git cat-file blob 06fa6a2 >hello.c~2
+$ git cat-file blob cc44c73 >hello.c~3
 $ git merge-file hello.c~2 hello.c~1 hello.c~3
 ------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -4343,7 +4374,7 @@ $ git log --no-merges t/
 ------------------------
 
 In the pager (`less`), just search for "bundle", go a few lines back,
-and see that it is in commit 18449ab0...  Now just copy this object name,
+and see that it is in commit 18449ab0.  Now just copy this object name,
 and paste it into the command line
 
 -------------------
@@ -4366,6 +4397,10 @@ itself!
 Git Glossary
 ============
 
+[[git-explained]]
+Git explained
+-------------
+
 include::glossary-content.txt[]
 
 [[git-quick-start]]
@@ -4607,6 +4642,10 @@ $ git gc
 Appendix B: Notes and todo list for this manual
 ===============================================
 
+[[todo-list]]
+Todo list
+---------
+
 This is a work in progress.
 
 The basic requirements:
@@ -4636,23 +4675,15 @@ Scan email archives for other stuff left out
 Scan man pages to see if any assume more background than this manual
 provides.
 
-Simplify beginning by suggesting disconnected head instead of
-temporary branch creation?
-
 Add more good examples.  Entire sections of just cookbook examples
 might be a good idea; maybe make an "advanced examples" section a
 standard end-of-chapter section?
 
 Include cross-references to the glossary, where appropriate.
 
-Document shallow clones?  See draft 1.5.0 release notes for some
-documentation.
-
 Add a section on working with other version control systems, including
 CVS, Subversion, and just imports of series of release tarballs.
 
-More details on gitweb?
-
 Write a chapter on using plumbing and writing scripts.
 
 Alternates, clone -reference, etc.
diff --git a/GIT-VERSION-GEN b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
index 734fa9b434..81f43978f2 100755
--- a/GIT-VERSION-GEN
+++ b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 GVF=GIT-VERSION-FILE
-DEF_VER=v2.3.3.GIT
+DEF_VER=v2.19.0-rc0
 
 LF='
 '
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ if test -f version
 then
 	VN=$(cat version) || VN="$DEF_VER"
 elif test -d ${GIT_DIR:-.git} -o -f .git &&
-	VN=$(git describe --match "v[0-9]*" --abbrev=7 HEAD 2>/dev/null) &&
+	VN=$(git describe --match "v[0-9]*" HEAD 2>/dev/null) &&
 	case "$VN" in
 	*$LF*) (exit 1) ;;
 	v[0-9]*)
@@ -38,5 +38,3 @@ test "$VN" = "$VC" || {
 	echo >&2 "GIT_VERSION = $VN"
 	echo "GIT_VERSION = $VN" >$GVF
 }
-
-
diff --git a/INSTALL b/INSTALL
index ffb071e9f0..c39006e8e7 100644
--- a/INSTALL
+++ b/INSTALL
@@ -84,9 +84,29 @@ Issues of note:
 
 	GIT_EXEC_PATH=`pwd`
 	PATH=`pwd`:$PATH
-	GITPERLLIB=`pwd`/perl/blib/lib
+	GITPERLLIB=`pwd`/perl/build/lib
 	export GIT_EXEC_PATH PATH GITPERLLIB
 
+ - By default (unless NO_PERL is provided) Git will ship various perl
+   scripts. However, for simplicity it doesn't use the
+   ExtUtils::MakeMaker toolchain to decide where to place the perl
+   libraries. Depending on the system this can result in the perl
+   libraries not being where you'd like them if they're expected to be
+   used by things other than Git itself.
+
+   Manually supplying a perllibdir prefix should fix this, if this is
+   a problem you care about, e.g.:
+
+       prefix=/usr perllibdir=/usr/$(/usr/bin/perl -MConfig -wle 'print substr $Config{installsitelib}, 1 + length $Config{siteprefixexp}')
+
+   Will result in e.g. perllibdir=/usr/share/perl/5.26.1 on Debian,
+   perllibdir=/usr/share/perl5 (which we'd use by default) on CentOS.
+
+ - Unless NO_PERL is provided Git will ship various perl libraries it
+   needs. Distributors of Git will usually want to set
+   NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS if NO_PERL is not provided to use their own
+   copies of the CPAN modules Git needs.
+
  - Git is reasonably self-sufficient, but does depend on a few external
    programs and libraries.  Git can be used without most of them by adding
    the approriate "NO_<LIBRARY>=YesPlease" to the make command line or
@@ -106,7 +126,8 @@ Issues of note:
 	  Redhat/Fedora are reported to ship Perl binary package with some
 	  core modules stripped away (see http://lwn.net/Articles/477234/),
 	  so you might need to install additional packages other than Perl
-	  itself, e.g. Time::HiRes.
+	  itself, e.g. Digest::MD5, File::Spec, File::Temp, Net::Domain,
+	  Net::SMTP, and Time::HiRes.
 
 	- git-imap-send needs the OpenSSL library to talk IMAP over SSL if
 	  you are using libcurl older than 7.34.0.  Otherwise you can use
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 44f1dd10ff..5a969f5830 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -19,16 +19,33 @@ all::
 # have been written to the final string if enough space had been available.
 #
 # Define FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES if you are on a system which succeeds
-# when attempting to read from an fopen'ed directory.
+# when attempting to read from an fopen'ed directory (or even to fopen
+# it at all).
 #
 # Define NO_OPENSSL environment variable if you do not have OpenSSL.
-# This also implies BLK_SHA1.
 #
-# Define USE_LIBPCRE if you have and want to use libpcre. git-grep will be
-# able to use Perl-compatible regular expressions.
-#
-# Define LIBPCREDIR=/foo/bar if your libpcre header and library files are in
-# /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
+# Define USE_LIBPCRE if you have and want to use libpcre. Various
+# commands such as log and grep offer runtime options to use
+# Perl-compatible regular expressions instead of standard or extended
+# POSIX regular expressions.
+#
+# USE_LIBPCRE is a synonym for USE_LIBPCRE2, define USE_LIBPCRE1
+# instead if you'd like to use the legacy version 1 of the PCRE
+# library. Support for version 1 will likely be removed in some future
+# release of Git, as upstream has all but abandoned it.
+#
+# When using USE_LIBPCRE1, define NO_LIBPCRE1_JIT if the PCRE v1
+# library is compiled without --enable-jit. We will auto-detect
+# whether the version of the PCRE v1 library in use has JIT support at
+# all, but we unfortunately can't auto-detect whether JIT support
+# hasn't been compiled in in an otherwise JIT-supporting version. If
+# you have link-time errors about a missing `pcre_jit_exec` define
+# this, or recompile PCRE v1 with --enable-jit.
+#
+# Define LIBPCREDIR=/foo/bar if your PCRE header and library files are
+# in /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories. Which version of
+# PCRE this points to determined by the USE_LIBPCRE1 and USE_LIBPCRE2
+# variables.
 #
 # Define HAVE_ALLOCA_H if you have working alloca(3) defined in that header.
 #
@@ -39,6 +56,9 @@ all::
 # Define CURLDIR=/foo/bar if your curl header and library files are in
 # /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
 #
+# Define CURL_CONFIG to curl's configuration program that prints information
+# about the library (e.g., its version number).  The default is 'curl-config'.
+#
 # Define NO_EXPAT if you do not have expat installed.  git-http-push is
 # not built, and you cannot push using http:// and https:// transports (dumb).
 #
@@ -74,8 +94,6 @@ all::
 # Define HAVE_PATHS_H if you have paths.h and want to use the default PATH
 # it specifies.
 #
-# Define NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT if you don't have d_ino in your struct dirent.
-#
 # Define NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT if your platform defines DT_UNKNOWN but lacks
 # d_type in struct dirent (Cygwin 1.5, fixed in Cygwin 1.7).
 #
@@ -101,8 +119,6 @@ all::
 #
 # Define MKDIR_WO_TRAILING_SLASH if your mkdir() can't deal with trailing slash.
 #
-# Define NO_MKSTEMPS if you don't have mkstemps in the C library.
-#
 # Define NO_GECOS_IN_PWENT if you don't have pw_gecos in struct passwd
 # in the C library.
 #
@@ -141,6 +157,28 @@ all::
 # Define PPC_SHA1 environment variable when running make to make use of
 # a bundled SHA1 routine optimized for PowerPC.
 #
+# Define DC_SHA1 to unconditionally enable the collision-detecting sha1
+# algorithm. This is slower, but may detect attempted collision attacks.
+# Takes priority over other *_SHA1 knobs.
+#
+# Define DC_SHA1_EXTERNAL in addition to DC_SHA1 if you want to build / link
+# git with the external SHA1 collision-detect library.
+# Without this option, i.e. the default behavior is to build git with its
+# own built-in code (or submodule).
+#
+# Define DC_SHA1_SUBMODULE in addition to DC_SHA1 to use the
+# sha1collisiondetection shipped as a submodule instead of the
+# non-submodule copy in sha1dc/. This is an experimental option used
+# by the git project to migrate to using sha1collisiondetection as a
+# submodule.
+#
+# Define OPENSSL_SHA1 environment variable when running make to link
+# with the SHA1 routine from openssl library.
+#
+# Define SHA1_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE to limit the amount of data that will be hashed
+# in one call to the platform's SHA1_Update(). e.g. APPLE_COMMON_CRYPTO
+# wants 'SHA1_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE=1024L*1024L*1024L' defined.
+#
 # Define NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL if you need -lcrypto when using -lssl (Darwin).
 #
 # Define NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO if you need -lssl when using -lcrypto (Darwin).
@@ -166,6 +204,9 @@ all::
 #
 # Define NO_MMAP if you want to avoid mmap.
 #
+# Define MMAP_PREVENTS_DELETE if a file that is currently mmapped cannot be
+# deleted or cannot be replaced using rename().
+#
 # Define NO_SYS_POLL_H if you don't have sys/poll.h.
 #
 # Define NO_POLL if you do not have or don't want to use poll().
@@ -217,10 +258,11 @@ all::
 # as the compiler can crash (http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49299)
 #
 # Define USE_NSEC below if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes
-# and ctimes. Note that you need recent glibc (at least 2.2.4) for this, and
-# it will BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely
-# randomly break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second
-# times (my ext3 doesn't).
+# and ctimes. Note that you need recent glibc (at least 2.2.4) for this. On
+# Linux, kernel 2.6.11 or newer is required for reliable sub-second file times
+# on file systems with exactly 1 ns or 1 s resolution. If you intend to use Git
+# on other file systems (e.g. CEPH, CIFS, NTFS, UDF), don't enable USE_NSEC. See
+# Documentation/technical/racy-git.txt for details.
 #
 # Define USE_ST_TIMESPEC if your "struct stat" uses "st_ctimespec" instead of
 # "st_ctim"
@@ -244,13 +286,22 @@ all::
 # apostrophes to be ASCII so that cut&pasting examples to the shell
 # will work.
 #
-# Define PERL_PATH to the path of your Perl binary (usually /usr/bin/perl).
+# Define USE_ASCIIDOCTOR to use Asciidoctor instead of AsciiDoc to build the
+# documentation.
+#
+# Define ASCIIDOCTOR_EXTENSIONS_LAB to point to the location of the Asciidoctor
+# Extensions Lab if you have it available.
 #
-# Define NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER if you cannot use Makefiles generated by perl's
-# MakeMaker (e.g. using ActiveState under Cygwin).
+# Define PERL_PATH to the path of your Perl binary (usually /usr/bin/perl).
 #
 # Define NO_PERL if you do not want Perl scripts or libraries at all.
 #
+# Define NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS if you do not want to install bundled
+# copies of CPAN modules that serve as a fallback in case the modules
+# are not available on the system. This option is intended for
+# distributions that want to use their packaged versions of Perl
+# modules, instead of the fallbacks shipped with Git.
+#
 # Define PYTHON_PATH to the path of your Python binary (often /usr/bin/python
 # but /usr/bin/python2.7 on some platforms).
 #
@@ -258,6 +309,9 @@ all::
 #
 # Define NO_TCLTK if you do not want Tcl/Tk GUI.
 #
+# Define SANE_TEXT_GREP to "-a" if you use recent versions of GNU grep
+# and egrep that are pickier when their input contains non-ASCII data.
+#
 # The TCL_PATH variable governs the location of the Tcl interpreter
 # used to optimize git-gui for your system.  Only used if NO_TCLTK
 # is not set.  Defaults to the bare 'tclsh'.
@@ -270,6 +324,9 @@ all::
 # is a simplified version of the merge sort used in glibc. This is
 # recommended if Git triggers O(n^2) behavior in your platform's qsort().
 #
+# Define HAVE_ISO_QSORT_S if your platform provides a qsort_s() that's
+# compatible with the one described in C11 Annex K.
+#
 # Define UNRELIABLE_FSTAT if your system's fstat does not return the same
 # information on a not yet closed file that lstat would return for the same
 # file after it was closed.
@@ -278,6 +335,13 @@ all::
 # when hardlinking a file to another name and unlinking the original file right
 # away (some NTFS drivers seem to zero the contents in that scenario).
 #
+# Define INSTALL_SYMLINKS if you prefer to have everything that can be
+# symlinked between bin/ and libexec/ to use relative symlinks between
+# the two. This option overrides NO_CROSS_DIRECTORY_HARDLINKS and
+# NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS which will also use symlinking by indirection
+# within the same directory in some cases, INSTALL_SYMLINKS will
+# always symlink to the final target directly.
+#
 # Define NO_CROSS_DIRECTORY_HARDLINKS if you plan to distribute the installed
 # programs as a tar, where bin/ and libexec/ might be on different file systems.
 #
@@ -287,7 +351,13 @@ all::
 # Define USE_NED_ALLOCATOR if you want to replace the platforms default
 # memory allocators with the nedmalloc allocator written by Niall Douglas.
 #
-# Define NO_REGEX if you have no or inferior regex support in your C library.
+# Define OVERRIDE_STRDUP to override the libc version of strdup(3).
+# This is necessary when using a custom allocator in order to avoid
+# crashes due to allocation and free working on different 'heaps'.
+# It's defined automatically if USE_NED_ALLOCATOR is set.
+#
+# Define NO_REGEX if your C library lacks regex support with REG_STARTEND
+# feature.
 #
 # Define HAVE_DEV_TTY if your system can open /dev/tty to interact with the
 # user.
@@ -323,11 +393,6 @@ all::
 #
 # Define NATIVE_CRLF if your platform uses CRLF for line endings.
 #
-# Define XDL_FAST_HASH to use an alternative line-hashing method in
-# the diff algorithm.  It gives a nice speedup if your processor has
-# fast unaligned word loads.  Does NOT work on big-endian systems!
-# Enabled by default on x86_64.
-#
 # Define GIT_USER_AGENT if you want to change how git identifies itself during
 # network interactions.  The default is "git/$(GIT_VERSION)".
 #
@@ -342,12 +407,12 @@ all::
 # Define GMTIME_UNRELIABLE_ERRORS if your gmtime() function does not
 # return NULL when it receives a bogus time_t.
 #
-# Define HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME if your platform has clock_gettime in librt.
+# Define HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME if your platform has clock_gettime.
 #
-# Define HAVE_CLOCK_MONOTONIC if your platform has CLOCK_MONOTONIC in librt.
+# Define HAVE_CLOCK_MONOTONIC if your platform has CLOCK_MONOTONIC.
 #
-# Define NO_HMAC_CTX_CLEANUP if your OpenSSL is version 0.9.6b or earlier to
-# cleanup the HMAC context with the older HMAC_cleanup function.
+# Define NEEDS_LIBRT if your platform requires linking with librt (glibc version
+# before 2.17) for clock_gettime and CLOCK_MONOTONIC.
 #
 # Define USE_PARENS_AROUND_GETTEXT_N to "yes" if your compiler happily
 # compiles the following initialization:
@@ -357,6 +422,73 @@ all::
 # and define it to "no" if you need to remove the parentheses () around the
 # constant.  The default is "auto", which means to use parentheses if your
 # compiler is detected to support it.
+#
+# Define HAVE_BSD_SYSCTL if your platform has a BSD-compatible sysctl function.
+#
+# Define HAVE_GETDELIM if your system has the getdelim() function.
+#
+# Define PAGER_ENV to a SP separated VAR=VAL pairs to define
+# default environment variables to be passed when a pager is spawned, e.g.
+#
+#    PAGER_ENV = LESS=FRX LV=-c
+#
+# to say "export LESS=FRX (and LV=-c) if the environment variable
+# LESS (and LV) is not set, respectively".
+#
+# Define TEST_SHELL_PATH if you want to use a shell besides SHELL_PATH for
+# running the test scripts (e.g., bash has better support for "set -x"
+# tracing).
+#
+# When cross-compiling, define HOST_CPU as the canonical name of the CPU on
+# which the built Git will run (for instance "x86_64").
+#
+# Define RUNTIME_PREFIX to configure Git to resolve its ancillary tooling and
+# support files relative to the location of the runtime binary, rather than
+# hard-coding them into the binary. Git installations built with RUNTIME_PREFIX
+# can be moved to arbitrary filesystem locations. RUNTIME_PREFIX also causes
+# Perl scripts to use a modified entry point header allowing them to resolve
+# support files at runtime.
+#
+# When using RUNTIME_PREFIX, define HAVE_BSD_KERN_PROC_SYSCTL if your platform
+# supports the KERN_PROC BSD sysctl function.
+#
+# When using RUNTIME_PREFIX, define PROCFS_EXECUTABLE_PATH if your platform
+# mounts a "procfs" filesystem capable of resolving the path of the current
+# executable. If defined, this must be the canonical path for the "procfs"
+# current executable path.
+#
+# When using RUNTIME_PREFIX, define HAVE_NS_GET_EXECUTABLE_PATH if your platform
+# supports calling _NSGetExecutablePath to retrieve the path of the running
+# executable.
+#
+# When using RUNTIME_PREFIX, define HAVE_WPGMPTR if your platform offers
+# the global variable _wpgmptr containing the absolute path of the current
+# executable (this is the case on Windows).
+#
+# Define DEVELOPER to enable more compiler warnings. Compiler version
+# and family are auto detected, but could be overridden by defining
+# COMPILER_FEATURES (see config.mak.dev)
+#
+# When DEVELOPER is set, DEVOPTS can be used to control compiler
+# options.  This variable contains keywords separated by
+# whitespace. The following keywords are are recognized:
+#
+#    no-error:
+#
+#        suppresses the -Werror that implicitly comes with
+#        DEVELOPER=1. Useful for getting the full set of errors
+#        without immediately dying, or for logging them.
+#
+#    extra-all:
+#
+#        The DEVELOPER mode enables -Wextra with a few exceptions. By
+#        setting this flag the exceptions are removed, and all of
+#        -Wextra is used.
+#
+#    pedantic:
+#
+#        Enable -pedantic compilation. This also disables
+#        USE_PARENS_AROUND_GETTEXT_N to produce only relevant warnings.
 
 GIT-VERSION-FILE: FORCE
 	@$(SHELL_PATH) ./GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -370,6 +502,9 @@ ALL_CFLAGS = $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS)
 ALL_LDFLAGS = $(LDFLAGS)
 STRIP ?= strip
 
+# Create as necessary, replace existing, make ranlib unneeded.
+ARFLAGS = rcs
+
 # Among the variables below, these:
 #   gitexecdir
 #   template_dir
@@ -382,17 +517,19 @@ STRIP ?= strip
 #   mandir
 #   infodir
 #   htmldir
+#   localedir
+#   perllibdir
 # This can help installing the suite in a relocatable way.
 
 prefix = $(HOME)
-bindir_relative = bin
-bindir = $(prefix)/$(bindir_relative)
+bindir = $(prefix)/bin
 mandir = $(prefix)/share/man
 infodir = $(prefix)/share/info
 gitexecdir = libexec/git-core
 mergetoolsdir = $(gitexecdir)/mergetools
 sharedir = $(prefix)/share
 gitwebdir = $(sharedir)/gitweb
+perllibdir = $(sharedir)/perl5
 localedir = $(sharedir)/locale
 template_dir = share/git-core/templates
 htmldir = $(prefix)/share/doc/git-doc
@@ -402,11 +539,15 @@ lib = lib
 # DESTDIR =
 pathsep = :
 
+bindir_relative = $(patsubst $(prefix)/%,%,$(bindir))
 mandir_relative = $(patsubst $(prefix)/%,%,$(mandir))
 infodir_relative = $(patsubst $(prefix)/%,%,$(infodir))
+gitexecdir_relative = $(patsubst $(prefix)/%,%,$(gitexecdir))
+localedir_relative = $(patsubst $(prefix)/%,%,$(localedir))
 htmldir_relative = $(patsubst $(prefix)/%,%,$(htmldir))
+perllibdir_relative = $(patsubst $(prefix)/%,%,$(perllibdir))
 
-export prefix bindir sharedir sysconfdir gitwebdir localedir
+export prefix bindir sharedir sysconfdir gitwebdir perllibdir localedir
 
 CC = cc
 AR = ar
@@ -415,18 +556,20 @@ DIFF = diff
 TAR = tar
 FIND = find
 INSTALL = install
-RPMBUILD = rpmbuild
 TCL_PATH = tclsh
 TCLTK_PATH = wish
 XGETTEXT = xgettext
 MSGFMT = msgfmt
+CURL_CONFIG = curl-config
 PTHREAD_LIBS = -lpthread
 PTHREAD_CFLAGS =
 GCOV = gcov
+SPATCH = spatch
 
 export TCL_PATH TCLTK_PATH
 
 SPARSE_FLAGS =
+SPATCH_FLAGS = --all-includes --patch .
 
 
 
@@ -454,6 +597,7 @@ SCRIPT_PERL =
 SCRIPT_PYTHON =
 SCRIPT_SH =
 SCRIPT_LIB =
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS =
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X =
 
 # Having this variable in your environment would break pipelines because
@@ -462,7 +606,6 @@ TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X =
 # interactive shell sessions without exporting it.
 unexport CDPATH
 
-SCRIPT_SH += git-am.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-bisect.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-difftool--helper.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-filter-branch.sh
@@ -470,7 +613,6 @@ SCRIPT_SH += git-merge-octopus.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-merge-one-file.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-merge-resolve.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-mergetool.sh
-SCRIPT_SH += git-pull.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-quiltimport.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-rebase.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-remote-testgit.sh
@@ -483,17 +625,16 @@ SCRIPT_LIB += git-mergetool--lib
 SCRIPT_LIB += git-parse-remote
 SCRIPT_LIB += git-rebase--am
 SCRIPT_LIB += git-rebase--interactive
+SCRIPT_LIB += git-rebase--preserve-merges
 SCRIPT_LIB += git-rebase--merge
 SCRIPT_LIB += git-sh-setup
 SCRIPT_LIB += git-sh-i18n
 
 SCRIPT_PERL += git-add--interactive.perl
-SCRIPT_PERL += git-difftool.perl
 SCRIPT_PERL += git-archimport.perl
 SCRIPT_PERL += git-cvsexportcommit.perl
 SCRIPT_PERL += git-cvsimport.perl
 SCRIPT_PERL += git-cvsserver.perl
-SCRIPT_PERL += git-relink.perl
 SCRIPT_PERL += git-send-email.perl
 SCRIPT_PERL += git-svn.perl
 
@@ -554,8 +695,6 @@ PROGRAM_OBJS += http-backend.o
 PROGRAM_OBJS += imap-send.o
 PROGRAM_OBJS += sh-i18n--envsubst.o
 PROGRAM_OBJS += shell.o
-PROGRAM_OBJS += show-index.o
-PROGRAM_OBJS += upload-pack.o
 PROGRAM_OBJS += remote-testsvn.o
 
 # Binary suffix, set to .exe for Windows builds
@@ -563,38 +702,54 @@ X =
 
 PROGRAMS += $(patsubst %.o,git-%$X,$(PROGRAM_OBJS))
 
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-chmtime
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-ctype
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-config
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-date
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-delta
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-dump-cache-tree
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-dump-split-index
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-genrandom
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-hashmap
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-index-version
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-chmtime.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-config.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-ctype.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-date.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-delta.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-drop-caches.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-dump-cache-tree.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-dump-split-index.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-example-decorate.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-genrandom.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-hashmap.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-index-version.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-json-writer.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-lazy-init-name-hash.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-match-trees.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-mergesort.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-mktemp.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-online-cpus.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-path-utils.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-prio-queue.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-read-cache.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-ref-store.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-regex.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-repository.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-revision-walking.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-run-command.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-scrap-cache-tree.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-sha1-array.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-sha1.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-sigchain.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-strcmp-offset.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-string-list.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-submodule-config.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-subprocess.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-urlmatch-normalization.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-wildmatch.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-write-cache.o
+
+TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-dump-fsmonitor
+TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-dump-untracked-cache
+TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-fake-ssh
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-line-buffer
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-match-trees
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-mergesort
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-mktemp
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-parse-options
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-path-utils
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-prio-queue
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-read-cache
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-regex
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-revision-walking
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-run-command
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-scrap-cache-tree
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-sha1
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-sha1-array
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-sigchain
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-string-list
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-subprocess
+TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-pkt-line
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-svn-fe
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-urlmatch-normalization
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-wildmatch
+TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-tool
 
-TEST_PROGRAMS = $(patsubst %,%$X,$(TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X))
+TEST_PROGRAMS = $(patsubst %,t/helper/%$X,$(TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X))
 
 # List built-in command $C whose implementation cmd_$C() is not in
 # builtin/$C.o but is linked in as part of some other command.
@@ -641,11 +796,13 @@ endif
 export PERL_PATH
 export PYTHON_PATH
 
+TEST_SHELL_PATH = $(SHELL_PATH)
+
 LIB_FILE = libgit.a
 XDIFF_LIB = xdiff/lib.a
 VCSSVN_LIB = vcs-svn/lib.a
 
-GENERATED_H += common-cmds.h
+GENERATED_H += command-list.h
 
 LIB_H = $(shell $(FIND) . \
 	-name .git -prune -o \
@@ -657,6 +814,7 @@ LIB_OBJS += abspath.o
 LIB_OBJS += advice.o
 LIB_OBJS += alias.o
 LIB_OBJS += alloc.o
+LIB_OBJS += apply.o
 LIB_OBJS += archive.o
 LIB_OBJS += archive-tar.o
 LIB_OBJS += archive-zip.o
@@ -664,15 +822,19 @@ LIB_OBJS += argv-array.o
 LIB_OBJS += attr.o
 LIB_OBJS += base85.o
 LIB_OBJS += bisect.o
+LIB_OBJS += blame.o
 LIB_OBJS += blob.o
 LIB_OBJS += branch.o
 LIB_OBJS += bulk-checkin.o
 LIB_OBJS += bundle.o
 LIB_OBJS += cache-tree.o
+LIB_OBJS += chdir-notify.o
+LIB_OBJS += checkout.o
 LIB_OBJS += color.o
 LIB_OBJS += column.o
 LIB_OBJS += combine-diff.o
 LIB_OBJS += commit.o
+LIB_OBJS += commit-graph.o
 LIB_OBJS += compat/obstack.o
 LIB_OBJS += compat/terminal.o
 LIB_OBJS += config.o
@@ -695,6 +857,7 @@ LIB_OBJS += diff-lib.o
 LIB_OBJS += diff-no-index.o
 LIB_OBJS += diff.o
 LIB_OBJS += dir.o
+LIB_OBJS += dir-iterator.o
 LIB_OBJS += editor.o
 LIB_OBJS += entry.o
 LIB_OBJS += environment.o
@@ -702,37 +865,52 @@ LIB_OBJS += ewah/bitmap.o
 LIB_OBJS += ewah/ewah_bitmap.o
 LIB_OBJS += ewah/ewah_io.o
 LIB_OBJS += ewah/ewah_rlw.o
-LIB_OBJS += exec_cmd.o
+LIB_OBJS += exec-cmd.o
+LIB_OBJS += fetch-negotiator.o
+LIB_OBJS += fetch-object.o
 LIB_OBJS += fetch-pack.o
 LIB_OBJS += fsck.o
+LIB_OBJS += fsmonitor.o
 LIB_OBJS += gettext.o
 LIB_OBJS += gpg-interface.o
 LIB_OBJS += graph.o
 LIB_OBJS += grep.o
 LIB_OBJS += hashmap.o
+LIB_OBJS += linear-assignment.o
 LIB_OBJS += help.o
 LIB_OBJS += hex.o
 LIB_OBJS += ident.o
+LIB_OBJS += json-writer.o
 LIB_OBJS += kwset.o
 LIB_OBJS += levenshtein.o
 LIB_OBJS += line-log.o
 LIB_OBJS += line-range.o
 LIB_OBJS += list-objects.o
+LIB_OBJS += list-objects-filter.o
+LIB_OBJS += list-objects-filter-options.o
 LIB_OBJS += ll-merge.o
 LIB_OBJS += lockfile.o
 LIB_OBJS += log-tree.o
+LIB_OBJS += ls-refs.o
+LIB_OBJS += mailinfo.o
 LIB_OBJS += mailmap.o
 LIB_OBJS += match-trees.o
+LIB_OBJS += mem-pool.o
 LIB_OBJS += merge.o
 LIB_OBJS += merge-blobs.o
 LIB_OBJS += merge-recursive.o
 LIB_OBJS += mergesort.o
 LIB_OBJS += name-hash.o
+LIB_OBJS += negotiator/default.o
+LIB_OBJS += negotiator/skipping.o
 LIB_OBJS += notes.o
 LIB_OBJS += notes-cache.o
 LIB_OBJS += notes-merge.o
 LIB_OBJS += notes-utils.o
 LIB_OBJS += object.o
+LIB_OBJS += oidmap.o
+LIB_OBJS += oidset.o
+LIB_OBJS += packfile.o
 LIB_OBJS += pack-bitmap.o
 LIB_OBJS += pack-bitmap-write.o
 LIB_OBJS += pack-check.o
@@ -752,25 +930,35 @@ LIB_OBJS += pretty.o
 LIB_OBJS += prio-queue.o
 LIB_OBJS += progress.o
 LIB_OBJS += prompt.o
+LIB_OBJS += protocol.o
 LIB_OBJS += quote.o
+LIB_OBJS += range-diff.o
 LIB_OBJS += reachable.o
 LIB_OBJS += read-cache.o
 LIB_OBJS += reflog-walk.o
 LIB_OBJS += refs.o
+LIB_OBJS += refs/files-backend.o
+LIB_OBJS += refs/iterator.o
+LIB_OBJS += refs/packed-backend.o
+LIB_OBJS += refs/ref-cache.o
+LIB_OBJS += refspec.o
+LIB_OBJS += ref-filter.o
 LIB_OBJS += remote.o
-LIB_OBJS += replace_object.o
+LIB_OBJS += replace-object.o
+LIB_OBJS += repository.o
 LIB_OBJS += rerere.o
 LIB_OBJS += resolve-undo.o
 LIB_OBJS += revision.o
 LIB_OBJS += run-command.o
 LIB_OBJS += send-pack.o
 LIB_OBJS += sequencer.o
+LIB_OBJS += serve.o
 LIB_OBJS += server-info.o
 LIB_OBJS += setup.o
 LIB_OBJS += sha1-array.o
 LIB_OBJS += sha1-lookup.o
-LIB_OBJS += sha1_file.o
-LIB_OBJS += sha1_name.o
+LIB_OBJS += sha1-file.o
+LIB_OBJS += sha1-name.o
 LIB_OBJS += shallow.o
 LIB_OBJS += sideband.o
 LIB_OBJS += sigchain.o
@@ -779,8 +967,12 @@ LIB_OBJS += strbuf.o
 LIB_OBJS += streaming.o
 LIB_OBJS += string-list.o
 LIB_OBJS += submodule.o
+LIB_OBJS += submodule-config.o
+LIB_OBJS += sub-process.o
 LIB_OBJS += symlinks.o
 LIB_OBJS += tag.o
+LIB_OBJS += tempfile.o
+LIB_OBJS += tmp-objdir.o
 LIB_OBJS += trace.o
 LIB_OBJS += trailer.o
 LIB_OBJS += transport.o
@@ -789,6 +981,7 @@ LIB_OBJS += tree-diff.o
 LIB_OBJS += tree.o
 LIB_OBJS += tree-walk.o
 LIB_OBJS += unpack-trees.o
+LIB_OBJS += upload-pack.o
 LIB_OBJS += url.o
 LIB_OBJS += urlmatch.o
 LIB_OBJS += usage.o
@@ -799,14 +992,16 @@ LIB_OBJS += version.o
 LIB_OBJS += versioncmp.o
 LIB_OBJS += walker.o
 LIB_OBJS += wildmatch.o
+LIB_OBJS += worktree.o
 LIB_OBJS += wrapper.o
-LIB_OBJS += write_or_die.o
+LIB_OBJS += write-or-die.o
 LIB_OBJS += ws.o
 LIB_OBJS += wt-status.o
 LIB_OBJS += xdiff-interface.o
 LIB_OBJS += zlib.o
 
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/add.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/am.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/annotate.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/apply.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/archive.o
@@ -826,6 +1021,7 @@ BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/clone.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/column.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/commit-tree.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/commit.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/commit-graph.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/config.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/count-objects.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/credential.o
@@ -834,6 +1030,7 @@ BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/diff-files.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/diff-index.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/diff-tree.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/diff.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/difftool.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/fast-export.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/fetch-pack.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/fetch.o
@@ -872,8 +1069,11 @@ BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/pack-refs.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/patch-id.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/prune-packed.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/prune.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/pull.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/push.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/range-diff.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/read-tree.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/rebase--helper.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/receive-pack.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/reflog.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/remote.o
@@ -888,10 +1088,13 @@ BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/rev-parse.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/revert.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/rm.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/send-pack.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/serve.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/shortlog.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/show-branch.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/show-index.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/show-ref.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/stripspace.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/submodule--helper.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/symbolic-ref.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/tag.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/unpack-file.o
@@ -900,21 +1103,47 @@ BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/update-index.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/update-ref.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/update-server-info.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/upload-archive.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/upload-pack.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/var.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/verify-commit.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/verify-pack.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/verify-tag.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/worktree.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/write-tree.o
 
-GITLIBS = $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB)
+GITLIBS = common-main.o $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB)
 EXTLIBS =
 
 GIT_USER_AGENT = git/$(GIT_VERSION)
 
+ifeq ($(wildcard sha1collisiondetection/lib/sha1.h),sha1collisiondetection/lib/sha1.h)
+DC_SHA1_SUBMODULE = auto
+endif
+
 include config.mak.uname
 -include config.mak.autogen
 -include config.mak
 
+ifdef DEVELOPER
+include config.mak.dev
+endif
+
+comma := ,
+empty :=
+space := $(empty) $(empty)
+
+ifdef SANITIZE
+SANITIZERS := $(foreach flag,$(subst $(comma),$(space),$(SANITIZE)),$(flag))
+BASIC_CFLAGS += -fsanitize=$(SANITIZE) -fno-sanitize-recover=$(SANITIZE)
+BASIC_CFLAGS += -fno-omit-frame-pointer
+ifneq ($(filter undefined,$(SANITIZERS)),)
+BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_UNALIGNED_LOADS
+endif
+ifneq ($(filter leak,$(SANITIZERS)),)
+BASIC_CFLAGS += -DSUPPRESS_ANNOTATED_LEAKS
+endif
+endif
+
 ifndef sysconfdir
 ifeq ($(prefix),/usr)
 sysconfdir = /etc
@@ -956,6 +1185,12 @@ else
 BROKEN_PATH_FIX = '/^\# @@BROKEN_PATH_FIX@@$$/d'
 endif
 
+ifeq (,$(HOST_CPU))
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DGIT_HOST_CPU="\"$(firstword $(subst -, ,$(uname_M)))\""
+else
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DGIT_HOST_CPU="\"$(HOST_CPU)\""
+endif
+
 ifneq (,$(INLINE))
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -Dinline=$(INLINE)
 endif
@@ -986,6 +1221,7 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),Darwin)
 		endif
 	endif
 	ifndef NO_APPLE_COMMON_CRYPTO
+		NO_OPENSSL = YesPlease
 		APPLE_COMMON_CRYPTO = YesPlease
 		COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DAPPLE_COMMON_CRYPTO
 	endif
@@ -1008,13 +1244,29 @@ ifdef NO_LIBGEN_H
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/basename.o
 endif
 
-ifdef USE_LIBPCRE
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DUSE_LIBPCRE
-	ifdef LIBPCREDIR
-		BASIC_CFLAGS += -I$(LIBPCREDIR)/include
-		EXTLIBS += -L$(LIBPCREDIR)/$(lib) $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)$(LIBPCREDIR)/$(lib)
+USE_LIBPCRE2 ?= $(USE_LIBPCRE)
+
+ifneq (,$(USE_LIBPCRE2))
+	ifdef USE_LIBPCRE1
+$(error Only set USE_LIBPCRE2 (or its alias USE_LIBPCRE) or USE_LIBPCRE1, not both!)
 	endif
+
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DUSE_LIBPCRE2
+	EXTLIBS += -lpcre2-8
+endif
+
+ifdef USE_LIBPCRE1
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DUSE_LIBPCRE1
 	EXTLIBS += -lpcre
+
+ifdef NO_LIBPCRE1_JIT
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_LIBPCRE1_JIT
+endif
+endif
+
+ifdef LIBPCREDIR
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I$(LIBPCREDIR)/include
+	EXTLIBS += -L$(LIBPCREDIR)/$(lib) $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)$(LIBPCREDIR)/$(lib)
 endif
 
 ifdef HAVE_ALLOCA_H
@@ -1022,7 +1274,7 @@ ifdef HAVE_ALLOCA_H
 endif
 
 IMAP_SEND_BUILDDEPS =
-IMAP_SEND_LDFLAGS = $(OPENSSL_LINK) $(OPENSSL_LIBSSL) $(LIB_4_CRYPTO)
+IMAP_SEND_LDFLAGS =
 
 ifdef NO_CURL
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_CURL
@@ -1052,13 +1304,13 @@ else
 	REMOTE_CURL_NAMES = $(REMOTE_CURL_PRIMARY) $(REMOTE_CURL_ALIASES)
 	PROGRAM_OBJS += http-fetch.o
 	PROGRAMS += $(REMOTE_CURL_NAMES)
-	curl_check := $(shell (echo 070908; curl-config --vernum | sed -e '/^70[BC]/s/^/0/') 2>/dev/null | sort -r | sed -ne 2p)
+	curl_check := $(shell (echo 070908; $(CURL_CONFIG) --vernum | sed -e '/^70[BC]/s/^/0/') 2>/dev/null | sort -r | sed -ne 2p)
 	ifeq "$(curl_check)" "070908"
 		ifndef NO_EXPAT
 			PROGRAM_OBJS += http-push.o
 		endif
 	endif
-	curl_check := $(shell (echo 072200; curl-config --vernum | sed -e '/^70[BC]/s/^/0/') 2>/dev/null | sort -r | sed -ne 2p)
+	curl_check := $(shell (echo 072200; $(CURL_CONFIG) --vernum | sed -e '/^70[BC]/s/^/0/') 2>/dev/null | sort -r | sed -ne 2p)
 	ifeq "$(curl_check)" "072200"
 		USE_CURL_FOR_IMAP_SEND = YesPlease
 	endif
@@ -1079,6 +1331,7 @@ else
 		endif
 	endif
 endif
+IMAP_SEND_LDFLAGS += $(OPENSSL_LINK) $(OPENSSL_LIBSSL) $(LIB_4_CRYPTO)
 
 ifdef ZLIB_PATH
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I$(ZLIB_PATH)/include
@@ -1097,12 +1350,8 @@ ifndef NO_OPENSSL
 	ifdef NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL
 		OPENSSL_LIBSSL += -lcrypto
 	endif
-	ifdef NO_HMAC_CTX_CLEANUP
-		BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_HMAC_CTX_CLEANUP
-	endif
 else
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_OPENSSL
-	BLK_SHA1 = 1
 	OPENSSL_LIBSSL =
 endif
 ifdef NO_OPENSSL
@@ -1117,17 +1366,19 @@ ifdef APPLE_COMMON_CRYPTO
 	LIB_4_CRYPTO += -framework Security -framework CoreFoundation
 endif
 endif
-ifdef NEEDS_LIBICONV
-	ifdef ICONVDIR
-		BASIC_CFLAGS += -I$(ICONVDIR)/include
-		ICONV_LINK = -L$(ICONVDIR)/$(lib) $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)$(ICONVDIR)/$(lib)
-	else
-		ICONV_LINK =
-	endif
-	ifdef NEEDS_LIBINTL_BEFORE_LIBICONV
-		ICONV_LINK += -lintl
+ifndef NO_ICONV
+	ifdef NEEDS_LIBICONV
+		ifdef ICONVDIR
+			BASIC_CFLAGS += -I$(ICONVDIR)/include
+			ICONV_LINK = -L$(ICONVDIR)/$(lib) $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)$(ICONVDIR)/$(lib)
+		else
+			ICONV_LINK =
+		endif
+		ifdef NEEDS_LIBINTL_BEFORE_LIBICONV
+			ICONV_LINK += -lintl
+		endif
+		EXTLIBS += $(ICONV_LINK) -liconv
 	endif
-	EXTLIBS += $(ICONV_LINK) -liconv
 endif
 ifdef NEEDS_LIBGEN
 	EXTLIBS += -lgen
@@ -1149,9 +1400,6 @@ endif
 ifdef NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT
 endif
-ifdef NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT
-endif
 ifdef NO_GECOS_IN_PWENT
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_GECOS_IN_PWENT
 endif
@@ -1220,9 +1468,6 @@ ifdef MKDIR_WO_TRAILING_SLASH
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DMKDIR_WO_TRAILING_SLASH
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mkdir.o
 endif
-ifdef NO_MKSTEMPS
-	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_MKSTEMPS
-endif
 ifdef NO_UNSETENV
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_UNSETENV
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/unsetenv.o
@@ -1251,6 +1496,9 @@ else
 		COMPAT_OBJS += compat/win32mmap.o
 	endif
 endif
+ifdef MMAP_PREVENTS_DELETE
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DMMAP_PREVENTS_DELETE
+endif
 ifdef OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DOBJECT_CREATION_MODE=1
 endif
@@ -1321,26 +1569,61 @@ ifdef NO_POSIX_GOODIES
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_POSIX_GOODIES
 endif
 
+ifdef APPLE_COMMON_CRYPTO
+	# Apple CommonCrypto requires chunking
+	SHA1_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE = 1024L*1024L*1024L
+endif
+
+ifdef OPENSSL_SHA1
+	EXTLIBS += $(LIB_4_CRYPTO)
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DSHA1_OPENSSL
+else
 ifdef BLK_SHA1
-	SHA1_HEADER = "block-sha1/sha1.h"
 	LIB_OBJS += block-sha1/sha1.o
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DSHA1_BLK
 else
 ifdef PPC_SHA1
-	SHA1_HEADER = "ppc/sha1.h"
 	LIB_OBJS += ppc/sha1.o ppc/sha1ppc.o
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DSHA1_PPC
 else
 ifdef APPLE_COMMON_CRYPTO
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DCOMMON_DIGEST_FOR_OPENSSL
-	SHA1_HEADER = <CommonCrypto/CommonDigest.h>
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DSHA1_APPLE
 else
-	SHA1_HEADER = <openssl/sha.h>
-	EXTLIBS += $(LIB_4_CRYPTO)
+	DC_SHA1 := YesPlease
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DSHA1_DC
+	LIB_OBJS += sha1dc_git.o
+ifdef DC_SHA1_EXTERNAL
+	ifdef DC_SHA1_SUBMODULE
+		ifneq ($(DC_SHA1_SUBMODULE),auto)
+$(error Only set DC_SHA1_EXTERNAL or DC_SHA1_SUBMODULE, not both)
+		endif
+	endif
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DDC_SHA1_EXTERNAL
+	EXTLIBS += -lsha1detectcoll
+else
+ifdef DC_SHA1_SUBMODULE
+	LIB_OBJS += sha1collisiondetection/lib/sha1.o
+	LIB_OBJS += sha1collisiondetection/lib/ubc_check.o
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DDC_SHA1_SUBMODULE
+else
+	LIB_OBJS += sha1dc/sha1.o
+	LIB_OBJS += sha1dc/ubc_check.o
+endif
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += \
+		-DSHA1DC_NO_STANDARD_INCLUDES \
+		-DSHA1DC_INIT_SAFE_HASH_DEFAULT=0 \
+		-DSHA1DC_CUSTOM_INCLUDE_SHA1_C="\"cache.h\"" \
+		-DSHA1DC_CUSTOM_INCLUDE_UBC_CHECK_C="\"git-compat-util.h\""
+endif
+endif
 endif
 endif
 endif
 
-ifdef NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER
-	export NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER
+ifdef SHA1_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE
+	LIB_OBJS += compat/sha1-chunked.o
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DSHA1_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE="$(SHA1_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE)"
 endif
 ifdef NO_HSTRERROR
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_HSTRERROR
@@ -1357,6 +1640,11 @@ ifdef INTERNAL_QSORT
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DINTERNAL_QSORT
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/qsort.o
 endif
+ifdef HAVE_ISO_QSORT_S
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_ISO_QSORT_S
+else
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/qsort_s.o
+endif
 ifdef RUNTIME_PREFIX
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DRUNTIME_PREFIX
 endif
@@ -1401,8 +1689,14 @@ ifdef NATIVE_CRLF
 endif
 
 ifdef USE_NED_ALLOCATOR
-       COMPAT_CFLAGS += -Icompat/nedmalloc
-       COMPAT_OBJS += compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.o
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -Icompat/nedmalloc
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.o
+	OVERRIDE_STRDUP = YesPlease
+endif
+
+ifdef OVERRIDE_STRDUP
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DOVERRIDE_STRDUP
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/strdup.o
 endif
 
 ifdef GIT_TEST_CMP_USE_COPIED_CONTEXT
@@ -1413,10 +1707,6 @@ ifndef NO_MSGFMT_EXTENDED_OPTIONS
 	MSGFMT += --check --statistics
 endif
 
-ifneq (,$(XDL_FAST_HASH))
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DXDL_FAST_HASH
-endif
-
 ifdef GMTIME_UNRELIABLE_ERRORS
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/gmtime.o
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DGMTIME_UNRELIABLE_ERRORS
@@ -1424,13 +1714,41 @@ endif
 
 ifdef HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME
-	EXTLIBS += -lrt
 endif
 
 ifdef HAVE_CLOCK_MONOTONIC
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_CLOCK_MONOTONIC
 endif
 
+ifdef NEEDS_LIBRT
+	EXTLIBS += -lrt
+endif
+
+ifdef HAVE_BSD_SYSCTL
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_BSD_SYSCTL
+endif
+
+ifdef HAVE_BSD_KERN_PROC_SYSCTL
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_BSD_KERN_PROC_SYSCTL
+endif
+
+ifdef HAVE_GETDELIM
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_GETDELIM
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(PROCFS_EXECUTABLE_PATH),)
+	procfs_executable_path_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PROCFS_EXECUTABLE_PATH))
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += '-DPROCFS_EXECUTABLE_PATH="$(procfs_executable_path_SQ)"'
+endif
+
+ifdef HAVE_NS_GET_EXECUTABLE_PATH
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_NS_GET_EXECUTABLE_PATH
+endif
+
+ifdef HAVE_WPGMPTR
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_WPGMPTR
+endif
+
 ifeq ($(TCLTK_PATH),)
 NO_TCLTK = NoThanks
 endif
@@ -1443,16 +1761,20 @@ ifeq ($(PYTHON_PATH),)
 NO_PYTHON = NoThanks
 endif
 
+ifndef PAGER_ENV
+PAGER_ENV = LESS=FRX LV=-c
+endif
+
 QUIET_SUBDIR0  = +$(MAKE) -C # space to separate -C and subdir
 QUIET_SUBDIR1  =
 
-ifneq ($(findstring $(MAKEFLAGS),w),w)
+ifneq ($(findstring w,$(MAKEFLAGS)),w)
 PRINT_DIR = --no-print-directory
 else # "make -w"
 NO_SUBDIR = :
 endif
 
-ifneq ($(findstring $(MAKEFLAGS),s),s)
+ifneq ($(findstring s,$(MAKEFLAGS)),s)
 ifndef V
 	QUIET_CC       = @echo '   ' CC $@;
 	QUIET_AR       = @echo '   ' AR $@;
@@ -1500,33 +1822,70 @@ endif
 
 # Shell quote (do not use $(call) to accommodate ancient setups);
 
-SHA1_HEADER_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHA1_HEADER))
 ETC_GITCONFIG_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(ETC_GITCONFIG))
 ETC_GITATTRIBUTES_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(ETC_GITATTRIBUTES))
 
 DESTDIR_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DESTDIR))
 bindir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(bindir))
 bindir_relative_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(bindir_relative))
+mandir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(mandir))
 mandir_relative_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(mandir_relative))
 infodir_relative_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(infodir_relative))
+perllibdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(perllibdir))
 localedir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(localedir))
+localedir_relative_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(localedir_relative))
 gitexecdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(gitexecdir))
+gitexecdir_relative_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(gitexecdir_relative))
 template_dir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(template_dir))
 htmldir_relative_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(htmldir_relative))
 prefix_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(prefix))
+perllibdir_relative_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(perllibdir_relative))
 gitwebdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(gitwebdir))
 
 SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
+TEST_SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(TEST_SHELL_PATH))
 PERL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PERL_PATH))
 PYTHON_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PYTHON_PATH))
 TCLTK_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(TCLTK_PATH))
 DIFF_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DIFF))
 PERLLIB_EXTRA_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PERLLIB_EXTRA))
 
-LIBS = $(GITLIBS) $(EXTLIBS)
+# RUNTIME_PREFIX's resolution logic requires resource paths to be expressed
+# relative to each other and share an installation path.
+#
+# This is a dependency in:
+# - Git's binary RUNTIME_PREFIX logic in (see "exec_cmd.c").
+# - The runtime prefix Perl header (see
+#   "perl/header_templates/runtime_prefix.template.pl").
+ifdef RUNTIME_PREFIX
+
+ifneq ($(filter /%,$(firstword $(gitexecdir_relative))),)
+$(error RUNTIME_PREFIX requires a relative gitexecdir, not: $(gitexecdir))
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(filter /%,$(firstword $(localedir_relative))),)
+$(error RUNTIME_PREFIX requires a relative localedir, not: $(localedir))
+endif
+
+ifndef NO_PERL
+ifneq ($(filter /%,$(firstword $(perllibdir_relative))),)
+$(error RUNTIME_PREFIX requires a relative perllibdir, not: $(perllibdir))
+endif
+endif
+
+endif
 
-BASIC_CFLAGS += -DSHA1_HEADER='$(SHA1_HEADER_SQ)' \
-	$(COMPAT_CFLAGS)
+# We must filter out any object files from $(GITLIBS),
+# as it is typically used like:
+#
+#   foo: foo.o $(GITLIBS)
+#	$(CC) $(filter %.o,$^) $(LIBS)
+#
+# where we use it as a dependency. Since we also pull object files
+# from the dependency list, that would make each entry appear twice.
+LIBS = $(filter-out %.o, $(GITLIBS)) $(EXTLIBS)
+
+BASIC_CFLAGS += $(COMPAT_CFLAGS)
 LIB_OBJS += $(COMPAT_OBJS)
 
 # Quote for C
@@ -1564,6 +1923,11 @@ ifdef DEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT
 BASIC_CFLAGS += -DDEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT='"$(DEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT)"'
 endif
 
+PAGER_ENV_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PAGER_ENV))
+PAGER_ENV_CQ = "$(subst ",\",$(subst \,\\,$(PAGER_ENV)))"
+PAGER_ENV_CQ_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PAGER_ENV_CQ))
+BASIC_CFLAGS += -DPAGER_ENV='$(PAGER_ENV_CQ_SQ)'
+
 ALL_CFLAGS += $(BASIC_CFLAGS)
 ALL_LDFLAGS += $(BASIC_LDFLAGS)
 
@@ -1606,9 +1970,6 @@ ifndef NO_TCLTK
 	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)git-gui $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) gitexecdir='$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)' all
 	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)gitk-git $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) all
 endif
-ifndef NO_PERL
-	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)perl $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) PERL_PATH='$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' prefix='$(prefix_SQ)' localedir='$(localedir_SQ)' all
-endif
 	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)templates $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) SHELL_PATH='$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' PERL_PATH='$(PERL_PATH_SQ)'
 
 please_set_SHELL_PATH_to_a_more_modern_shell:
@@ -1659,12 +2020,12 @@ git.sp git.s git.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
 	'-DGIT_INFO_PATH="$(infodir_relative_SQ)"'
 
 git$X: git.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(BUILTIN_OBJS) $(GITLIBS)
-	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) git.o \
-		$(BUILTIN_OBJS) $(LIBS)
+	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) \
+		$(filter %.o,$^) $(LIBS)
 
-help.sp help.s help.o: common-cmds.h
+help.sp help.s help.o: command-list.h
 
-builtin/help.sp builtin/help.s builtin/help.o: common-cmds.h GIT-PREFIX
+builtin/help.sp builtin/help.s builtin/help.o: command-list.h GIT-PREFIX
 builtin/help.sp builtin/help.s builtin/help.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
 	'-DGIT_HTML_PATH="$(htmldir_relative_SQ)"' \
 	'-DGIT_MAN_PATH="$(mandir_relative_SQ)"' \
@@ -1673,7 +2034,10 @@ builtin/help.sp builtin/help.s builtin/help.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
 version.sp version.s version.o: GIT-VERSION-FILE GIT-USER-AGENT
 version.sp version.s version.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
 	'-DGIT_VERSION="$(GIT_VERSION)"' \
-	'-DGIT_USER_AGENT=$(GIT_USER_AGENT_CQ_SQ)'
+	'-DGIT_USER_AGENT=$(GIT_USER_AGENT_CQ_SQ)' \
+	'-DGIT_BUILT_FROM_COMMIT="$(shell \
+		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$(CURDIR)/.." \
+		git rev-parse -q --verify HEAD 2>/dev/null)"'
 
 $(BUILT_INS): git$X
 	$(QUIET_BUILT_IN)$(RM) $@ && \
@@ -1681,14 +2045,15 @@ $(BUILT_INS): git$X
 	ln -s $< $@ 2>/dev/null || \
 	cp $< $@
 
-common-cmds.h: ./generate-cmdlist.sh command-list.txt
+command-list.h: generate-cmdlist.sh command-list.txt
 
-common-cmds.h: $(wildcard Documentation/git-*.txt)
-	$(QUIET_GEN)./generate-cmdlist.sh > $@+ && mv $@+ $@
+command-list.h: $(wildcard Documentation/git*.txt) Documentation/*config.txt
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(SHELL_PATH) ./generate-cmdlist.sh command-list.txt >$@+ && mv $@+ $@
 
 SCRIPT_DEFINES = $(SHELL_PATH_SQ):$(DIFF_SQ):$(GIT_VERSION):\
 	$(localedir_SQ):$(NO_CURL):$(USE_GETTEXT_SCHEME):$(SANE_TOOL_PATH_SQ):\
-	$(gitwebdir_SQ):$(PERL_PATH_SQ)
+	$(gitwebdir_SQ):$(PERL_PATH_SQ):$(SANE_TEXT_GREP):$(PAGER_ENV):\
+	$(perllibdir_SQ)
 define cmd_munge_script
 $(RM) $@ $@+ && \
 sed -e '1s|#!.*/sh|#!$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)|' \
@@ -1700,6 +2065,8 @@ sed -e '1s|#!.*/sh|#!$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)|' \
     -e $(BROKEN_PATH_FIX) \
     -e 's|@@GITWEBDIR@@|$(gitwebdir_SQ)|g' \
     -e 's|@@PERL@@|$(PERL_PATH_SQ)|g' \
+    -e 's|@@SANE_TEXT_GREP@@|$(SANE_TEXT_GREP)|g' \
+    -e 's|@@PAGER_ENV@@|$(PAGER_ENV_SQ)|g' \
     $@.sh >$@+
 endef
 
@@ -1722,43 +2089,51 @@ $(SCRIPT_LIB) : % : %.sh GIT-SCRIPT-DEFINES
 
 git.res: git.rc GIT-VERSION-FILE
 	$(QUIET_RC)$(RC) \
-	  $(join -DMAJOR= -DMINOR=, $(wordlist 1,2,$(subst -, ,$(subst ., ,$(GIT_VERSION))))) \
-	  -DGIT_VERSION="\\\"$(GIT_VERSION)\\\"" $< -o $@
+	  $(join -DMAJOR= -DMINOR= -DMICRO= -DPATCHLEVEL=, $(wordlist 1, 4, \
+	    $(shell echo $(GIT_VERSION) 0 0 0 0 | tr '.a-zA-Z-' ' '))) \
+	  -DGIT_VERSION="\\\"$(GIT_VERSION)\\\"" -i $< -o $@
 
 # This makes sure we depend on the NO_PERL setting itself.
 $(SCRIPT_PERL_GEN): GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
 
+# Used for substitution in Perl modules. Disabled when using RUNTIME_PREFIX
+# since the locale directory is injected.
+perl_localedir_SQ = $(localedir_SQ)
+
 ifndef NO_PERL
-$(SCRIPT_PERL_GEN): perl/perl.mak
+PERL_HEADER_TEMPLATE = perl/header_templates/fixed_prefix.template.pl
+PERL_DEFINES = $(PERL_PATH_SQ):$(PERLLIB_EXTRA_SQ):$(perllibdir_SQ)
+
+PERL_DEFINES := $(PERL_PATH_SQ) $(PERLLIB_EXTRA_SQ) $(perllibdir_SQ)
+PERL_DEFINES += $(RUNTIME_PREFIX)
+
+# Support Perl runtime prefix. In this mode, a different header is installed
+# into Perl scripts.
+ifdef RUNTIME_PREFIX
 
-perl/perl.mak: perl/PM.stamp
+PERL_HEADER_TEMPLATE = perl/header_templates/runtime_prefix.template.pl
 
-perl/PM.stamp: FORCE
-	$(QUIET_GEN)$(FIND) perl -type f -name '*.pm' | sort >$@+ && \
-	{ cmp $@+ $@ >/dev/null 2>/dev/null || mv $@+ $@; } && \
-	$(RM) $@+
+# Don't export a fixed $(localedir) path; it will be resolved by the Perl header
+# at runtime.
+perl_localedir_SQ =
 
-perl/perl.mak: GIT-CFLAGS GIT-PREFIX perl/Makefile perl/Makefile.PL
-	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)perl $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) PERL_PATH='$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' prefix='$(prefix_SQ)' $(@F)
+endif
+
+PERL_DEFINES += $(gitexecdir) $(perllibdir) $(localedir)
 
-PERL_DEFINES = $(PERL_PATH_SQ):$(PERLLIB_EXTRA_SQ)
-$(SCRIPT_PERL_GEN): % : %.perl perl/perl.mak GIT-PERL-DEFINES GIT-VERSION-FILE
+$(SCRIPT_PERL_GEN): % : %.perl GIT-PERL-DEFINES GIT-PERL-HEADER GIT-VERSION-FILE
 	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $@+ && \
-	INSTLIBDIR=`MAKEFLAGS= $(MAKE) -C perl -s --no-print-directory instlibdir` && \
-	INSTLIBDIR_EXTRA='$(PERLLIB_EXTRA_SQ)' && \
-	INSTLIBDIR="$$INSTLIBDIR$${INSTLIBDIR_EXTRA:+:$$INSTLIBDIR_EXTRA}" && \
 	sed -e '1{' \
 	    -e '	s|#!.*perl|#!$(PERL_PATH_SQ)|' \
-	    -e '	h' \
-	    -e '	s=.*=use lib (split(/$(pathsep)/, $$ENV{GITPERLLIB} || "'"$$INSTLIBDIR"'"));=' \
-	    -e '	H' \
-	    -e '	x' \
+	    -e '	r GIT-PERL-HEADER' \
+	    -e '	G' \
 	    -e '}' \
 	    -e 's/@@GIT_VERSION@@/$(GIT_VERSION)/g' \
 	    $< >$@+ && \
 	chmod +x $@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
+PERL_DEFINES := $(subst $(space),:,$(PERL_DEFINES))
 GIT-PERL-DEFINES: FORCE
 	@FLAGS='$(PERL_DEFINES)'; \
 	    if test x"$$FLAGS" != x"`cat $@ 2>/dev/null`" ; then \
@@ -1766,12 +2141,28 @@ GIT-PERL-DEFINES: FORCE
 		echo "$$FLAGS" >$@; \
 	    fi
 
+GIT-PERL-HEADER: $(PERL_HEADER_TEMPLATE) GIT-PERL-DEFINES Makefile
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ && \
+	INSTLIBDIR='$(perllibdir_SQ)' && \
+	INSTLIBDIR_EXTRA='$(PERLLIB_EXTRA_SQ)' && \
+	INSTLIBDIR="$$INSTLIBDIR$${INSTLIBDIR_EXTRA:+:$$INSTLIBDIR_EXTRA}" && \
+	sed -e 's=@@PATHSEP@@=$(pathsep)=g' \
+	    -e "s=@@INSTLIBDIR@@=$$INSTLIBDIR=g" \
+	    -e 's=@@PERLLIBDIR_REL@@=$(perllibdir_relative_SQ)=g' \
+	    -e 's=@@GITEXECDIR_REL@@=$(gitexecdir_relative_SQ)=g' \
+	    -e 's=@@LOCALEDIR_REL@@=$(localedir_relative_SQ)=g' \
+	    $< >$@+ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
+
+.PHONY: perllibdir
+perllibdir:
+	@echo '$(perllibdir_SQ)'
 
 .PHONY: gitweb
 gitweb:
 	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)gitweb $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) all
 
-git-instaweb: git-instaweb.sh gitweb GIT-SCRIPT-DEFINES
+git-instaweb: git-instaweb.sh GIT-SCRIPT-DEFINES
 	$(QUIET_GEN)$(cmd_munge_script) && \
 	chmod +x $@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
@@ -1843,15 +2234,15 @@ XDIFF_OBJS += xdiff/xhistogram.o
 
 VCSSVN_OBJS += vcs-svn/line_buffer.o
 VCSSVN_OBJS += vcs-svn/sliding_window.o
-VCSSVN_OBJS += vcs-svn/repo_tree.o
 VCSSVN_OBJS += vcs-svn/fast_export.o
 VCSSVN_OBJS += vcs-svn/svndiff.o
 VCSSVN_OBJS += vcs-svn/svndump.o
 
-TEST_OBJS := $(patsubst test-%$X,test-%.o,$(TEST_PROGRAMS))
+TEST_OBJS := $(patsubst %$X,%.o,$(TEST_PROGRAMS)) $(patsubst %,t/helper/%,$(TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS))
 OBJECTS := $(LIB_OBJS) $(BUILTIN_OBJS) $(PROGRAM_OBJS) $(TEST_OBJS) \
 	$(XDIFF_OBJS) \
 	$(VCSSVN_OBJS) \
+	common-main.o \
 	git.o
 ifndef NO_CURL
 	OBJECTS += http.o http-walker.o remote-curl.o
@@ -1900,18 +2291,19 @@ else
 # Dependencies on header files, for platforms that do not support
 # the gcc -MMD option.
 #
-# Dependencies on automatically generated headers such as common-cmds.h
+# Dependencies on automatically generated headers such as command-list.h
 # should _not_ be included here, since they are necessary even when
 # building an object for the first time.
 
 $(OBJECTS): $(LIB_H)
 endif
 
-exec_cmd.sp exec_cmd.s exec_cmd.o: GIT-PREFIX
-exec_cmd.sp exec_cmd.s exec_cmd.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
+exec-cmd.sp exec-cmd.s exec-cmd.o: GIT-PREFIX
+exec-cmd.sp exec-cmd.s exec-cmd.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
 	'-DGIT_EXEC_PATH="$(gitexecdir_SQ)"' \
+	'-DGIT_LOCALE_PATH="$(localedir_relative_SQ)"' \
 	'-DBINDIR="$(bindir_relative_SQ)"' \
-	'-DPREFIX="$(prefix_SQ)"'
+	'-DFALLBACK_RUNTIME_PREFIX="$(prefix_SQ)"'
 
 builtin/init-db.sp builtin/init-db.s builtin/init-db.o: GIT-PREFIX
 builtin/init-db.sp builtin/init-db.s builtin/init-db.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
@@ -1927,11 +2319,13 @@ attr.sp attr.s attr.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
 
 gettext.sp gettext.s gettext.o: GIT-PREFIX
 gettext.sp gettext.s gettext.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
-	-DGIT_LOCALE_PATH='"$(localedir_SQ)"'
+	-DGIT_LOCALE_PATH='"$(localedir_relative_SQ)"'
 
 http-push.sp http.sp http-walker.sp remote-curl.sp imap-send.sp: SPARSE_FLAGS += \
 	-DCURL_DISABLE_TYPECHECK
 
+pack-revindex.sp: SPARSE_FLAGS += -Wno-memcpy-max-count
+
 ifdef NO_EXPAT
 http-walker.sp http-walker.s http-walker.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = -DNO_EXPAT
 endif
@@ -1943,7 +2337,7 @@ endif
 
 ifdef USE_NED_ALLOCATOR
 compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.sp compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
-	-DNDEBUG -DOVERRIDE_STRDUP -DREPLACE_SYSTEM_ALLOCATOR
+	-DNDEBUG -DREPLACE_SYSTEM_ALLOCATOR
 compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.sp: SPARSE_FLAGS += -Wno-non-pointer-null
 endif
 
@@ -1952,14 +2346,14 @@ git-%$X: %.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(GITLIBS)
 
 git-imap-send$X: imap-send.o $(IMAP_SEND_BUILDDEPS) GIT-LDFLAGS $(GITLIBS)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) \
-		$(LIBS) $(IMAP_SEND_LDFLAGS)
+		$(IMAP_SEND_LDFLAGS) $(LIBS)
 
 git-http-fetch$X: http.o http-walker.o http-fetch.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(GITLIBS)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) \
-		$(LIBS) $(CURL_LIBCURL)
+		$(CURL_LIBCURL) $(LIBS)
 git-http-push$X: http.o http-push.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(GITLIBS)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) \
-		$(LIBS) $(CURL_LIBCURL) $(EXPAT_LIBEXPAT)
+		$(CURL_LIBCURL) $(EXPAT_LIBEXPAT) $(LIBS)
 
 git-remote-testsvn$X: remote-testsvn.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(GITLIBS) $(VCSSVN_LIB)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) $(LIBS) \
@@ -1973,25 +2367,28 @@ $(REMOTE_CURL_ALIASES): $(REMOTE_CURL_PRIMARY)
 
 $(REMOTE_CURL_PRIMARY): remote-curl.o http.o http-walker.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(GITLIBS)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) \
-		$(LIBS) $(CURL_LIBCURL) $(EXPAT_LIBEXPAT)
+		$(CURL_LIBCURL) $(EXPAT_LIBEXPAT) $(LIBS)
 
 $(LIB_FILE): $(LIB_OBJS)
-	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) rcs $@ $^
+	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
 
 $(XDIFF_LIB): $(XDIFF_OBJS)
-	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) rcs $@ $^
+	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
 
 $(VCSSVN_LIB): $(VCSSVN_OBJS)
-	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) rcs $@ $^
+	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
 
 export DEFAULT_EDITOR DEFAULT_PAGER
 
-doc:
+.PHONY: doc man man-perl html info pdf
+doc: man-perl
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation all
 
-man:
+man: man-perl
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation man
 
+man-perl: perl/build/man/man3/Git.3pm
+
 html:
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation html
 
@@ -2010,9 +2407,14 @@ XGETTEXT_FLAGS_C = $(XGETTEXT_FLAGS) --language=C \
 	--keyword=_ --keyword=N_ --keyword="Q_:1,2"
 XGETTEXT_FLAGS_SH = $(XGETTEXT_FLAGS) --language=Shell \
 	--keyword=gettextln --keyword=eval_gettextln
-XGETTEXT_FLAGS_PERL = $(XGETTEXT_FLAGS) --keyword=__ --language=Perl
+XGETTEXT_FLAGS_PERL = $(XGETTEXT_FLAGS) --language=Perl \
+	--keyword=__ --keyword=N__ --keyword="__n:1,2"
 LOCALIZED_C = $(C_OBJ:o=c) $(LIB_H) $(GENERATED_H)
 LOCALIZED_SH = $(SCRIPT_SH)
+LOCALIZED_SH += git-parse-remote.sh
+LOCALIZED_SH += git-rebase--interactive.sh
+LOCALIZED_SH += git-rebase--preserve-merges.sh
+LOCALIZED_SH += git-sh-setup.sh
 LOCALIZED_PERL = $(SCRIPT_PERL)
 
 ifdef XGETTEXT_INCLUDE_TESTS
@@ -2021,14 +2423,36 @@ LOCALIZED_SH += t/t0200/test.sh
 LOCALIZED_PERL += t/t0200/test.perl
 endif
 
+## Note that this is meant to be run only by the localization coordinator
+## under a very controlled condition, i.e. (1) it is to be run in a
+## Git repository (not a tarball extract), (2) any local modifications
+## will be lost.
+## Gettext tools cannot work with our own custom PRItime type, so
+## we replace PRItime with PRIuMAX.  We need to update this to
+## PRIdMAX if we switch to a signed type later.
+
 po/git.pot: $(GENERATED_H) FORCE
+	# All modifications will be reverted at the end, so we do not
+	# want to have any local change.
+	git diff --quiet HEAD && git diff --quiet --cached
+
+	@for s in $(LOCALIZED_C) $(LOCALIZED_SH) $(LOCALIZED_PERL); \
+	do \
+		sed -e 's|PRItime|PRIuMAX|g' <"$$s" >"$$s+" && \
+		cat "$$s+" >"$$s" && rm "$$s+"; \
+	done
+
 	$(QUIET_XGETTEXT)$(XGETTEXT) -o$@+ $(XGETTEXT_FLAGS_C) $(LOCALIZED_C)
 	$(QUIET_XGETTEXT)$(XGETTEXT) -o$@+ --join-existing $(XGETTEXT_FLAGS_SH) \
 		$(LOCALIZED_SH)
 	$(QUIET_XGETTEXT)$(XGETTEXT) -o$@+ --join-existing $(XGETTEXT_FLAGS_PERL) \
 		$(LOCALIZED_PERL)
+
+	# Reverting the munged source, leaving only the updated $@
+	git reset --hard
 	mv $@+ $@
 
+.PHONY: pot
 pot: po/git.pot
 
 POFILES := $(wildcard po/*.po)
@@ -2041,9 +2465,45 @@ endif
 po/build/locale/%/LC_MESSAGES/git.mo: po/%.po
 	$(QUIET_MSGFMT)mkdir -p $(dir $@) && $(MSGFMT) -o $@ $<
 
-FIND_SOURCE_FILES = ( git ls-files '*.[hcS]' 2>/dev/null || \
-			$(FIND) . \( -name .git -type d -prune \) \
-				-o \( -name '*.[hcS]' -type f -print \) )
+LIB_PERL := $(wildcard perl/Git.pm perl/Git/*.pm perl/Git/*/*.pm perl/Git/*/*/*.pm)
+LIB_PERL_GEN := $(patsubst perl/%.pm,perl/build/lib/%.pm,$(LIB_PERL))
+LIB_CPAN := $(wildcard perl/FromCPAN/*.pm perl/FromCPAN/*/*.pm)
+LIB_CPAN_GEN := $(patsubst perl/%.pm,perl/build/lib/%.pm,$(LIB_CPAN))
+
+ifndef NO_PERL
+all:: $(LIB_PERL_GEN)
+ifndef NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS
+all:: $(LIB_CPAN_GEN)
+endif
+NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS))
+endif
+
+perl/build/lib/%.pm: perl/%.pm
+	$(QUIET_GEN)mkdir -p $(dir $@) && \
+	sed -e 's|@@LOCALEDIR@@|$(perl_localedir_SQ)|g' \
+	    -e 's|@@NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS@@|$(NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS_SQ)|g' \
+	< $< > $@
+
+perl/build/man/man3/Git.3pm: perl/Git.pm
+	$(QUIET_GEN)mkdir -p $(dir $@) && \
+	pod2man $< $@
+
+FIND_SOURCE_FILES = ( \
+	git ls-files \
+		'*.[hcS]' \
+		'*.sh' \
+		':!*[tp][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]*' \
+		':!contrib' \
+		2>/dev/null || \
+	$(FIND) . \
+		\( -name .git -type d -prune \) \
+		-o \( -name '[tp][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]*' -prune \) \
+		-o \( -name contrib -type d -prune \) \
+		-o \( -name build -type d -prune \) \
+		-o \( -name 'trash*' -type d -prune \) \
+		-o \( -name '*.[hcS]' -type f -print \) \
+		-o \( -name '*.sh' -type f -print \) \
+	)
 
 $(ETAGS_TARGET): FORCE
 	$(RM) $(ETAGS_TARGET)
@@ -2090,45 +2550,59 @@ GIT-LDFLAGS: FORCE
 # that runs GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS, and then again to protect it
 # and the first level quoting from the shell that runs "echo".
 GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS: FORCE
-	@echo SHELL_PATH=\''$(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH_SQ))'\' >$@
-	@echo PERL_PATH=\''$(subst ','\'',$(PERL_PATH_SQ))'\' >>$@
-	@echo DIFF=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(DIFF)))'\' >>$@
-	@echo PYTHON_PATH=\''$(subst ','\'',$(PYTHON_PATH_SQ))'\' >>$@
-	@echo TAR=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(TAR)))'\' >>$@
-	@echo NO_CURL=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_CURL)))'\' >>$@
-	@echo USE_LIBPCRE=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(USE_LIBPCRE)))'\' >>$@
-	@echo NO_PERL=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_PERL)))'\' >>$@
-	@echo NO_PYTHON=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_PYTHON)))'\' >>$@
-	@echo NO_UNIX_SOCKETS=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_UNIX_SOCKETS)))'\' >>$@
+	@echo SHELL_PATH=\''$(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH_SQ))'\' >$@+
+	@echo TEST_SHELL_PATH=\''$(subst ','\'',$(TEST_SHELL_PATH_SQ))'\' >>$@+
+	@echo PERL_PATH=\''$(subst ','\'',$(PERL_PATH_SQ))'\' >>$@+
+	@echo DIFF=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(DIFF)))'\' >>$@+
+	@echo PYTHON_PATH=\''$(subst ','\'',$(PYTHON_PATH_SQ))'\' >>$@+
+	@echo TAR=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(TAR)))'\' >>$@+
+	@echo NO_CURL=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_CURL)))'\' >>$@+
+	@echo NO_EXPAT=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_EXPAT)))'\' >>$@+
+	@echo USE_LIBPCRE1=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(USE_LIBPCRE1)))'\' >>$@+
+	@echo USE_LIBPCRE2=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(USE_LIBPCRE2)))'\' >>$@+
+	@echo NO_LIBPCRE1_JIT=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_LIBPCRE1_JIT)))'\' >>$@+
+	@echo NO_PERL=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_PERL)))'\' >>$@+
+	@echo NO_PTHREADS=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_PTHREADS)))'\' >>$@+
+	@echo NO_PYTHON=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_PYTHON)))'\' >>$@+
+	@echo NO_UNIX_SOCKETS=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_UNIX_SOCKETS)))'\' >>$@+
+	@echo PAGER_ENV=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(PAGER_ENV)))'\' >>$@+
+	@echo DC_SHA1=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(DC_SHA1)))'\' >>$@+
 ifdef TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY
-	@echo TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY)))'\' >>$@
+	@echo TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY)))'\' >>$@+
 endif
 ifdef GIT_TEST_OPTS
-	@echo GIT_TEST_OPTS=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_TEST_OPTS)))'\' >>$@
+	@echo GIT_TEST_OPTS=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_TEST_OPTS)))'\' >>$@+
 endif
 ifdef GIT_TEST_CMP
-	@echo GIT_TEST_CMP=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_TEST_CMP)))'\' >>$@
+	@echo GIT_TEST_CMP=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_TEST_CMP)))'\' >>$@+
 endif
 ifdef GIT_TEST_CMP_USE_COPIED_CONTEXT
-	@echo GIT_TEST_CMP_USE_COPIED_CONTEXT=YesPlease >>$@
+	@echo GIT_TEST_CMP_USE_COPIED_CONTEXT=YesPlease >>$@+
 endif
-	@echo NO_GETTEXT=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_GETTEXT)))'\' >>$@
-	@echo GETTEXT_POISON=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GETTEXT_POISON)))'\' >>$@
+	@echo NO_GETTEXT=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_GETTEXT)))'\' >>$@+
+	@echo GETTEXT_POISON=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GETTEXT_POISON)))'\' >>$@+
 ifdef GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT
-	@echo GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT)))'\' >>$@
+	@echo GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT)))'\' >>$@+
 endif
 ifdef GIT_PERF_REPO
-	@echo GIT_PERF_REPO=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_PERF_REPO)))'\' >>$@
+	@echo GIT_PERF_REPO=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_PERF_REPO)))'\' >>$@+
 endif
 ifdef GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO
-	@echo GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO)))'\' >>$@
+	@echo GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO)))'\' >>$@+
 endif
 ifdef GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS
-	@echo GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS)))'\' >>$@
+	@echo GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS)))'\' >>$@+
+endif
+ifdef GIT_PERF_MAKE_COMMAND
+	@echo GIT_PERF_MAKE_COMMAND=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_PERF_MAKE_COMMAND)))'\' >>$@+
+endif
+ifdef GIT_INTEROP_MAKE_OPTS
+	@echo GIT_INTEROP_MAKE_OPTS=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_INTEROP_MAKE_OPTS)))'\' >>$@+
 endif
 ifdef TEST_GIT_INDEX_VERSION
-	@echo TEST_GIT_INDEX_VERSION=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(TEST_GIT_INDEX_VERSION)))'\' >>$@
+	@echo TEST_GIT_INDEX_VERSION=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(TEST_GIT_INDEX_VERSION)))'\' >>$@+
 endif
+	@if cmp $@+ $@ >/dev/null 2>&1; then $(RM) $@+; else mv $@+ $@; fi
 
 ### Detect Python interpreter path changes
 ifndef NO_PYTHON
@@ -2151,7 +2625,7 @@ bin-wrappers/%: wrap-for-bin.sh
 	@mkdir -p bin-wrappers
 	$(QUIET_GEN)sed -e '1s|#!.*/sh|#!$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)|' \
 	     -e 's|@@BUILD_DIR@@|$(shell pwd)|' \
-	     -e 's|@@PROG@@|$(@F)|' < $< > $@ && \
+	     -e 's|@@PROG@@|$(patsubst test-%,t/helper/test-%,$(@F))|' < $< > $@ && \
 	chmod +x $@
 
 # GNU make supports exporting all variables by "export" without parameters.
@@ -2171,25 +2645,19 @@ perf: all
 
 .PHONY: test perf
 
-test-ctype$X: ctype.o
-
-test-date$X: date.o ctype.o
+t/helper/test-line-buffer$X: $(VCSSVN_LIB)
 
-test-delta$X: diff-delta.o patch-delta.o
-
-test-line-buffer$X: vcs-svn/lib.a
-
-test-parse-options$X: parse-options.o parse-options-cb.o
-
-test-svn-fe$X: vcs-svn/lib.a
+t/helper/test-svn-fe$X: $(VCSSVN_LIB)
 
 .PRECIOUS: $(TEST_OBJS)
 
-test-%$X: test-%.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(GITLIBS)
+t/helper/test-tool$X: $(patsubst %,t/helper/%,$(TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS))
+
+t/helper/test-%$X: t/helper/test-%.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(GITLIBS)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) $(filter %.a,$^) $(LIBS)
 
-check-sha1:: test-sha1$X
-	./test-sha1.sh
+check-sha1:: t/helper/test-tool$X
+	t/helper/test-sha1.sh
 
 SP_OBJ = $(patsubst %.o,%.sp,$(C_OBJ))
 
@@ -2200,16 +2668,48 @@ $(SP_OBJ): %.sp: %.c GIT-CFLAGS FORCE
 .PHONY: sparse $(SP_OBJ)
 sparse: $(SP_OBJ)
 
-check: common-cmds.h
+.PHONY: style
+style:
+	git clang-format --style file --diff --extensions c,h
+
+check: command-list.h
 	@if sparse; \
 	then \
-		echo 2>&1 "Use 'make sparse' instead"; \
+		echo >&2 "Use 'make sparse' instead"; \
 		$(MAKE) --no-print-directory sparse; \
 	else \
-		echo 2>&1 "Did you mean 'make test'?"; \
+		echo >&2 "Did you mean 'make test'?"; \
 		exit 1; \
 	fi
 
+C_SOURCES = $(patsubst %.o,%.c,$(C_OBJ))
+ifdef DC_SHA1_SUBMODULE
+COCCI_SOURCES = $(filter-out sha1collisiondetection/%,$(C_SOURCES))
+else
+COCCI_SOURCES = $(filter-out sha1dc/%,$(C_SOURCES))
+endif
+
+%.cocci.patch: %.cocci $(COCCI_SOURCES)
+	@echo '    ' SPATCH $<; \
+	ret=0; \
+	for f in $(COCCI_SOURCES); do \
+		$(SPATCH) --sp-file $< $$f $(SPATCH_FLAGS) || \
+			{ ret=$$?; break; }; \
+	done >$@+ 2>$@.log; \
+	if test $$ret != 0; \
+	then \
+		cat $@.log; \
+		exit 1; \
+	fi; \
+	mv $@+ $@; \
+	if test -s $@; \
+	then \
+		echo '    ' SPATCH result: $@; \
+	fi
+coccicheck: $(addsuffix .patch,$(wildcard contrib/coccinelle/*.cocci))
+
+.PHONY: coccicheck
+
 ### Installation rules
 
 ifneq ($(filter /%,$(firstword $(template_dir))),)
@@ -2236,6 +2736,7 @@ mergetools_instdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(mergetools_instdir))
 
 install_bindir_programs := $(patsubst %,%$X,$(BINDIR_PROGRAMS_NEED_X)) $(BINDIR_PROGRAMS_NO_X)
 
+.PHONY: profile-install profile-fast-install
 profile-install: profile
 	$(MAKE) install
 
@@ -2257,7 +2758,9 @@ ifndef NO_GETTEXT
 	(cd '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(localedir_SQ)' && umask 022 && $(TAR) xof -)
 endif
 ifndef NO_PERL
-	$(MAKE) -C perl prefix='$(prefix_SQ)' DESTDIR='$(DESTDIR_SQ)' install
+	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(perllibdir_SQ)'
+	(cd perl/build/lib && $(TAR) cf - .) | \
+	(cd '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(perllibdir_SQ)' && umask 022 && $(TAR) xof -)
 	$(MAKE) -C gitweb install
 endif
 ifndef NO_TCLTK
@@ -2270,47 +2773,63 @@ endif
 
 	bindir=$$(cd '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(bindir_SQ)' && pwd) && \
 	execdir=$$(cd '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)' && pwd) && \
+	destdir_from_execdir_SQ=$$(echo '$(gitexecdir_relative_SQ)' | sed -e 's|[^/][^/]*|..|g') && \
 	{ test "$$bindir/" = "$$execdir/" || \
 	  for p in git$X $(filter $(install_bindir_programs),$(ALL_PROGRAMS)); do \
 		$(RM) "$$execdir/$$p" && \
-		test -z "$(NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS)$(NO_CROSS_DIRECTORY_HARDLINKS)" && \
-		ln "$$bindir/$$p" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
-		cp "$$bindir/$$p" "$$execdir/$$p" || exit; \
+		test -n "$(INSTALL_SYMLINKS)" && \
+		ln -s "$$destdir_from_execdir_SQ/$(bindir_relative_SQ)/$$p" "$$execdir/$$p" || \
+		{ test -z "$(NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS)$(NO_CROSS_DIRECTORY_HARDLINKS)" && \
+		  ln "$$bindir/$$p" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
+		  cp "$$bindir/$$p" "$$execdir/$$p" || exit; } \
 	  done; \
 	} && \
 	for p in $(filter $(install_bindir_programs),$(BUILT_INS)); do \
 		$(RM) "$$bindir/$$p" && \
-		test -z "$(NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS)" && \
-		ln "$$bindir/git$X" "$$bindir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
-		ln -s "git$X" "$$bindir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
-		cp "$$bindir/git$X" "$$bindir/$$p" || exit; \
+		test -n "$(INSTALL_SYMLINKS)" && \
+		ln -s "git$X" "$$bindir/$$p" || \
+		{ test -z "$(NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS)" && \
+		  ln "$$bindir/git$X" "$$bindir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
+		  ln -s "git$X" "$$bindir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
+		  cp "$$bindir/git$X" "$$bindir/$$p" || exit; } \
 	done && \
 	for p in $(BUILT_INS); do \
 		$(RM) "$$execdir/$$p" && \
-		test -z "$(NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS)" && \
-		ln "$$execdir/git$X" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
-		ln -s "git$X" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
-		cp "$$execdir/git$X" "$$execdir/$$p" || exit; \
+		test -n "$(INSTALL_SYMLINKS)" && \
+		ln -s "$$destdir_from_execdir_SQ/$(bindir_relative_SQ)/git$X" "$$execdir/$$p" || \
+		{ test -z "$(NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS)" && \
+		  ln "$$execdir/git$X" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
+		  ln -s "git$X" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
+		  cp "$$execdir/git$X" "$$execdir/$$p" || exit; } \
 	done && \
 	remote_curl_aliases="$(REMOTE_CURL_ALIASES)" && \
 	for p in $$remote_curl_aliases; do \
 		$(RM) "$$execdir/$$p" && \
-		test -z "$(NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS)" && \
-		ln "$$execdir/git-remote-http$X" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
-		ln -s "git-remote-http$X" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
-		cp "$$execdir/git-remote-http$X" "$$execdir/$$p" || exit; \
+		test -n "$(INSTALL_SYMLINKS)" && \
+		ln -s "git-remote-http$X" "$$execdir/$$p" || \
+		{ test -z "$(NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS)" && \
+		  ln "$$execdir/git-remote-http$X" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
+		  ln -s "git-remote-http$X" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
+		  cp "$$execdir/git-remote-http$X" "$$execdir/$$p" || exit; } \
 	done && \
 	./check_bindir "z$$bindir" "z$$execdir" "$$bindir/git-add$X"
 
+.PHONY: install-gitweb install-doc install-man install-man-perl install-html install-info install-pdf
+.PHONY: quick-install-doc quick-install-man quick-install-html
 install-gitweb:
 	$(MAKE) -C gitweb install
 
-install-doc:
+install-doc: install-man-perl
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation install
 
-install-man:
+install-man: install-man-perl
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation install-man
 
+install-man-perl: man-perl
+	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(mandir_SQ)/man3'
+	(cd perl/build/man/man3 && $(TAR) cf - .) | \
+	(cd '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(mandir_SQ)/man3' && umask 022 && $(TAR) xof -)
+
 install-html:
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation install-html
 
@@ -2333,34 +2852,44 @@ quick-install-html:
 
 ### Maintainer's dist rules
 
-git.spec: git.spec.in GIT-VERSION-FILE
-	sed -e 's/@@VERSION@@/$(GIT_VERSION)/g' < $< > $@+
-	mv $@+ $@
-
 GIT_TARNAME = git-$(GIT_VERSION)
-dist: git.spec git-archive$(X) configure
+dist: git-archive$(X) configure
 	./git-archive --format=tar \
 		--prefix=$(GIT_TARNAME)/ HEAD^{tree} > $(GIT_TARNAME).tar
 	@mkdir -p $(GIT_TARNAME)
-	@cp git.spec configure $(GIT_TARNAME)
+	@cp configure $(GIT_TARNAME)
 	@echo $(GIT_VERSION) > $(GIT_TARNAME)/version
 	@$(MAKE) -C git-gui TARDIR=../$(GIT_TARNAME)/git-gui dist-version
 	$(TAR) rf $(GIT_TARNAME).tar \
-		$(GIT_TARNAME)/git.spec \
 		$(GIT_TARNAME)/configure \
 		$(GIT_TARNAME)/version \
 		$(GIT_TARNAME)/git-gui/version
+ifdef DC_SHA1_SUBMODULE
+	@mkdir -p $(GIT_TARNAME)/sha1collisiondetection/lib
+	@cp sha1collisiondetection/LICENSE.txt \
+		$(GIT_TARNAME)/sha1collisiondetection/
+	@cp sha1collisiondetection/LICENSE.txt \
+		$(GIT_TARNAME)/sha1collisiondetection/
+	@cp sha1collisiondetection/lib/sha1.[ch] \
+		$(GIT_TARNAME)/sha1collisiondetection/lib/
+	@cp sha1collisiondetection/lib/ubc_check.[ch] \
+		$(GIT_TARNAME)/sha1collisiondetection/lib/
+	$(TAR) rf $(GIT_TARNAME).tar \
+		$(GIT_TARNAME)/sha1collisiondetection/LICENSE.txt \
+		$(GIT_TARNAME)/sha1collisiondetection/lib/sha1.[ch] \
+		$(GIT_TARNAME)/sha1collisiondetection/lib/ubc_check.[ch]
+endif
 	@$(RM) -r $(GIT_TARNAME)
 	gzip -f -9 $(GIT_TARNAME).tar
 
-rpm: dist
-	$(RPMBUILD) \
-		--define "_source_filedigest_algorithm md5" \
-		--define "_binary_filedigest_algorithm md5" \
-		-ta $(GIT_TARNAME).tar.gz
+rpm::
+	@echo >&2 "Use distro packaged sources to run rpmbuild"
+	@false
+.PHONY: rpm
 
 htmldocs = git-htmldocs-$(GIT_VERSION)
 manpages = git-manpages-$(GIT_VERSION)
+.PHONY: dist-doc distclean
 dist-doc:
 	$(RM) -r .doc-tmp-dir
 	mkdir .doc-tmp-dir
@@ -2391,22 +2920,25 @@ profile-clean:
 	$(RM) $(addsuffix *.gcda,$(addprefix $(PROFILE_DIR)/, $(object_dirs)))
 	$(RM) $(addsuffix *.gcno,$(addprefix $(PROFILE_DIR)/, $(object_dirs)))
 
-clean: profile-clean coverage-clean
-	$(RM) *.o *.res block-sha1/*.o ppc/*.o compat/*.o compat/*/*.o
-	$(RM) xdiff/*.o vcs-svn/*.o ewah/*.o builtin/*.o
+cocciclean:
+	$(RM) contrib/coccinelle/*.cocci.patch*
+
+clean: profile-clean coverage-clean cocciclean
+	$(RM) *.res
+	$(RM) $(OBJECTS)
 	$(RM) $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB) $(VCSSVN_LIB)
 	$(RM) $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(SCRIPT_LIB) $(BUILT_INS) git$X
 	$(RM) $(TEST_PROGRAMS) $(NO_INSTALL)
 	$(RM) -r bin-wrappers $(dep_dirs)
 	$(RM) -r po/build/
-	$(RM) *.spec *.pyc *.pyo */*.pyc */*.pyo common-cmds.h $(ETAGS_TARGET) tags cscope*
+	$(RM) *.pyc *.pyo */*.pyc */*.pyo command-list.h $(ETAGS_TARGET) tags cscope*
 	$(RM) -r $(GIT_TARNAME) .doc-tmp-dir
 	$(RM) $(GIT_TARNAME).tar.gz git-core_$(GIT_VERSION)-*.tar.gz
 	$(RM) $(htmldocs).tar.gz $(manpages).tar.gz
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation/ clean
 ifndef NO_PERL
 	$(MAKE) -C gitweb clean
-	$(MAKE) -C perl clean
+	$(RM) -r perl/build/
 endif
 	$(MAKE) -C templates/ clean
 	$(MAKE) -C t/ clean
@@ -2416,9 +2948,9 @@ ifndef NO_TCLTK
 endif
 	$(RM) GIT-VERSION-FILE GIT-CFLAGS GIT-LDFLAGS GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
 	$(RM) GIT-USER-AGENT GIT-PREFIX
-	$(RM) GIT-SCRIPT-DEFINES GIT-PERL-DEFINES GIT-PYTHON-VARS
+	$(RM) GIT-SCRIPT-DEFINES GIT-PERL-DEFINES GIT-PERL-HEADER GIT-PYTHON-VARS
 
-.PHONY: all install profile-clean clean strip
+.PHONY: all install profile-clean cocciclean clean strip
 .PHONY: shell_compatibility_test please_set_SHELL_PATH_to_a_more_modern_shell
 .PHONY: FORCE cscope
 
@@ -2429,7 +2961,10 @@ ALL_COMMANDS += git
 ALL_COMMANDS += gitk
 ALL_COMMANDS += gitweb
 ALL_COMMANDS += git-gui git-citool
+
+.PHONY: check-docs
 check-docs::
+	$(MAKE) -C Documentation lint-docs
 	@(for v in $(ALL_COMMANDS); \
 	do \
 		case "$$v" in \
@@ -2441,7 +2976,7 @@ check-docs::
 		esac ; \
 		test -f "Documentation/$$v.txt" || \
 		echo "no doc: $$v"; \
-		sed -e '/^#/d' command-list.txt | \
+		sed -e '1,/^### command list/d' -e '/^#/d' command-list.txt | \
 		grep -q "^$$v[ 	]" || \
 		case "$$v" in \
 		git) ;; \
@@ -2449,7 +2984,8 @@ check-docs::
 		esac ; \
 	done; \
 	( \
-		sed -e '/^#/d' \
+		sed -e '1,/^### command list/d' \
+		    -e '/^#/d' \
 		    -e 's/[ 	].*//' \
 		    -e 's/^/listed /' command-list.txt; \
 		$(MAKE) -C Documentation print-man1 | \
@@ -2472,6 +3008,7 @@ check-builtins::
 ### Test suite coverage testing
 #
 .PHONY: coverage coverage-clean coverage-compile coverage-test coverage-report
+.PHONY: coverage-untested-functions cover_db cover_db_html
 .PHONY: coverage-clean-results
 
 coverage:
diff --git a/README b/README.md
index 1083735d1c..f920a42fad 100644
--- a/README
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,19 +1,5 @@
-////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-	Git - the stupid content tracker
-
-////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-"git" can mean anything, depending on your mood.
-
- - random three-letter combination that is pronounceable, and not
-   actually used by any common UNIX command.  The fact that it is a
-   mispronunciation of "get" may or may not be relevant.
- - stupid. contemptible and despicable. simple. Take your pick from the
-   dictionary of slang.
- - "global information tracker": you're in a good mood, and it actually
-   works for you. Angels sing, and a light suddenly fills the room.
- - "goddamn idiotic truckload of sh*t": when it breaks
+Git - fast, scalable, distributed revision control system
+=========================================================
 
 Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an
 unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations
@@ -24,33 +10,55 @@ License version 2 (some parts of it are under different licenses,
 compatible with the GPLv2). It was originally written by Linus
 Torvalds with help of a group of hackers around the net.
 
-Please read the file INSTALL for installation instructions.
+Please read the file [INSTALL][] for installation instructions.
+
+Many Git online resources are accessible from <https://git-scm.com/>
+including full documentation and Git related tools.
 
-See Documentation/gittutorial.txt to get started, then see
-Documentation/giteveryday.txt for a useful minimum set of commands, and
-Documentation/git-commandname.txt for documentation of each command.
+See [Documentation/gittutorial.txt][] to get started, then see
+[Documentation/giteveryday.txt][] for a useful minimum set of commands, and
+Documentation/git-<commandname>.txt for documentation of each command.
 If git has been correctly installed, then the tutorial can also be
-read with "man gittutorial" or "git help tutorial", and the
-documentation of each command with "man git-commandname" or "git help
-commandname".
+read with `man gittutorial` or `git help tutorial`, and the
+documentation of each command with `man git-<commandname>` or `git help
+<commandname>`.
 
-CVS users may also want to read Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
-("man gitcvs-migration" or "git help cvs-migration" if git is
+CVS users may also want to read [Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt][]
+(`man gitcvs-migration` or `git help cvs-migration` if git is
 installed).
 
-Many Git online resources are accessible from http://git-scm.com/
-including full documentation and Git related tools.
-
 The user discussion and development of Git take place on the Git
 mailing list -- everyone is welcome to post bug reports, feature
 requests, comments and patches to git@vger.kernel.org (read
-Documentation/SubmittingPatches for instructions on patch submission).
+[Documentation/SubmittingPatches][] for instructions on patch submission).
 To subscribe to the list, send an email with just "subscribe git" in
 the body to majordomo@vger.kernel.org. The mailing list archives are
-available at http://news.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/,
-http://marc.info/?l=git and other archival sites.
+available at <https://public-inbox.org/git/>,
+<http://marc.info/?l=git> and other archival sites.
+
+Issues which are security relevant should be disclosed privately to
+the Git Security mailing list <git-security@googlegroups.com>.
 
 The maintainer frequently sends the "What's cooking" reports that
 list the current status of various development topics to the mailing
 list.  The discussion following them give a good reference for
 project status, development direction and remaining tasks.
+
+The name "git" was given by Linus Torvalds when he wrote the very
+first version. He described the tool as "the stupid content tracker"
+and the name as (depending on your mood):
+
+ - random three-letter combination that is pronounceable, and not
+   actually used by any common UNIX command.  The fact that it is a
+   mispronunciation of "get" may or may not be relevant.
+ - stupid. contemptible and despicable. simple. Take your pick from the
+   dictionary of slang.
+ - "global information tracker": you're in a good mood, and it actually
+   works for you. Angels sing, and a light suddenly fills the room.
+ - "goddamn idiotic truckload of sh*t": when it breaks
+
+[INSTALL]: INSTALL
+[Documentation/gittutorial.txt]: Documentation/gittutorial.txt
+[Documentation/giteveryday.txt]: Documentation/giteveryday.txt
+[Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt]: Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
+[Documentation/SubmittingPatches]: Documentation/SubmittingPatches
diff --git a/RelNotes b/RelNotes
index 1addbec925..5d139ba7f1 120000
--- a/RelNotes
+++ b/RelNotes
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.0.txt
\ No newline at end of file
+Documentation/RelNotes/2.19.0.txt
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/abspath.c b/abspath.c
index 5edb4e7816..9857985329 100644
--- a/abspath.c
+++ b/abspath.c
@@ -11,46 +11,83 @@ int is_directory(const char *path)
 	return (!stat(path, &st) && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode));
 }
 
+/* removes the last path component from 'path' except if 'path' is root */
+static void strip_last_component(struct strbuf *path)
+{
+	size_t offset = offset_1st_component(path->buf);
+	size_t len = path->len;
+
+	/* Find start of the last component */
+	while (offset < len && !is_dir_sep(path->buf[len - 1]))
+		len--;
+	/* Skip sequences of multiple path-separators */
+	while (offset < len && is_dir_sep(path->buf[len - 1]))
+		len--;
+
+	strbuf_setlen(path, len);
+}
+
+/* get (and remove) the next component in 'remaining' and place it in 'next' */
+static void get_next_component(struct strbuf *next, struct strbuf *remaining)
+{
+	char *start = NULL;
+	char *end = NULL;
+
+	strbuf_reset(next);
+
+	/* look for the next component */
+	/* Skip sequences of multiple path-separators */
+	for (start = remaining->buf; is_dir_sep(*start); start++)
+		; /* nothing */
+	/* Find end of the path component */
+	for (end = start; *end && !is_dir_sep(*end); end++)
+		; /* nothing */
+
+	strbuf_add(next, start, end - start);
+	/* remove the component from 'remaining' */
+	strbuf_remove(remaining, 0, end - remaining->buf);
+}
+
+/* copies root part from remaining to resolved, canonicalizing it on the way */
+static void get_root_part(struct strbuf *resolved, struct strbuf *remaining)
+{
+	int offset = offset_1st_component(remaining->buf);
+
+	strbuf_reset(resolved);
+	strbuf_add(resolved, remaining->buf, offset);
+#ifdef GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE
+	convert_slashes(resolved->buf);
+#endif
+	strbuf_remove(remaining, 0, offset);
+}
+
 /* We allow "recursive" symbolic links. Only within reason, though. */
-#define MAXDEPTH 5
+#ifndef MAXSYMLINKS
+#define MAXSYMLINKS 32
+#endif
 
 /*
  * Return the real path (i.e., absolute path, with symlinks resolved
  * and extra slashes removed) equivalent to the specified path.  (If
  * you want an absolute path but don't mind links, use
- * absolute_path().)  The return value is a pointer to a static
- * buffer.
+ * absolute_path().)  Places the resolved realpath in the provided strbuf.
  *
- * The input and all intermediate paths must be shorter than MAX_PATH.
  * The directory part of path (i.e., everything up to the last
  * dir_sep) must denote a valid, existing directory, but the last
  * component need not exist.  If die_on_error is set, then die with an
  * informative error message if there is a problem.  Otherwise, return
  * NULL on errors (without generating any output).
- *
- * If path is our buffer, then return path, as it's already what the
- * user wants.
  */
-static const char *real_path_internal(const char *path, int die_on_error)
+char *strbuf_realpath(struct strbuf *resolved, const char *path,
+		      int die_on_error)
 {
-	static struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf remaining = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf next = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf symlink = STRBUF_INIT;
 	char *retval = NULL;
-
-	/*
-	 * If we have to temporarily chdir(), store the original CWD
-	 * here so that we can chdir() back to it at the end of the
-	 * function:
-	 */
-	struct strbuf cwd = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	int depth = MAXDEPTH;
-	char *last_elem = NULL;
+	int num_symlinks = 0;
 	struct stat st;
 
-	/* We've already done it */
-	if (path == sb.buf)
-		return path;
-
 	if (!*path) {
 		if (die_on_error)
 			die("The empty string is not a valid path");
@@ -58,86 +95,140 @@ static const char *real_path_internal(const char *path, int die_on_error)
 			goto error_out;
 	}
 
-	strbuf_reset(&sb);
-	strbuf_addstr(&sb, path);
-
-	while (depth--) {
-		if (!is_directory(sb.buf)) {
-			char *last_slash = find_last_dir_sep(sb.buf);
-			if (last_slash) {
-				last_elem = xstrdup(last_slash + 1);
-				strbuf_setlen(&sb, last_slash - sb.buf + 1);
-			} else {
-				last_elem = xmemdupz(sb.buf, sb.len);
-				strbuf_reset(&sb);
-			}
+	strbuf_addstr(&remaining, path);
+	get_root_part(resolved, &remaining);
+
+	if (!resolved->len) {
+		/* relative path; can use CWD as the initial resolved path */
+		if (strbuf_getcwd(resolved)) {
+			if (die_on_error)
+				die_errno("unable to get current working directory");
+			else
+				goto error_out;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Iterate over the remaining path components */
+	while (remaining.len > 0) {
+		get_next_component(&next, &remaining);
+
+		if (next.len == 0) {
+			continue; /* empty component */
+		} else if (next.len == 1 && !strcmp(next.buf, ".")) {
+			continue; /* '.' component */
+		} else if (next.len == 2 && !strcmp(next.buf, "..")) {
+			/* '..' component; strip the last path component */
+			strip_last_component(resolved);
+			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (sb.len) {
-			if (!cwd.len && strbuf_getcwd(&cwd)) {
+		/* append the next component and resolve resultant path */
+		if (!is_dir_sep(resolved->buf[resolved->len - 1]))
+			strbuf_addch(resolved, '/');
+		strbuf_addbuf(resolved, &next);
+
+		if (lstat(resolved->buf, &st)) {
+			/* error out unless this was the last component */
+			if (errno != ENOENT || remaining.len) {
 				if (die_on_error)
-					die_errno("Could not get current working directory");
+					die_errno("Invalid path '%s'",
+						  resolved->buf);
 				else
 					goto error_out;
 			}
+		} else if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
+			ssize_t len;
+			strbuf_reset(&symlink);
+
+			if (num_symlinks++ > MAXSYMLINKS) {
+				errno = ELOOP;
 
-			if (chdir(sb.buf)) {
 				if (die_on_error)
-					die_errno("Could not switch to '%s'",
-						  sb.buf);
+					die("More than %d nested symlinks "
+					    "on path '%s'", MAXSYMLINKS, path);
 				else
 					goto error_out;
 			}
-		}
-		if (strbuf_getcwd(&sb)) {
-			if (die_on_error)
-				die_errno("Could not get current working directory");
-			else
-				goto error_out;
-		}
 
-		if (last_elem) {
-			if (sb.len && !is_dir_sep(sb.buf[sb.len - 1]))
-				strbuf_addch(&sb, '/');
-			strbuf_addstr(&sb, last_elem);
-			free(last_elem);
-			last_elem = NULL;
-		}
-
-		if (!lstat(sb.buf, &st) && S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
-			struct strbuf next_sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-			ssize_t len = strbuf_readlink(&next_sb, sb.buf, 0);
+			len = strbuf_readlink(&symlink, resolved->buf,
+					      st.st_size);
 			if (len < 0) {
 				if (die_on_error)
 					die_errno("Invalid symlink '%s'",
-						  sb.buf);
+						  resolved->buf);
 				else
 					goto error_out;
 			}
-			strbuf_swap(&sb, &next_sb);
-			strbuf_release(&next_sb);
-		} else
-			break;
+
+			if (is_absolute_path(symlink.buf)) {
+				/* absolute symlink; set resolved to root */
+				get_root_part(resolved, &symlink);
+			} else {
+				/*
+				 * relative symlink
+				 * strip off the last component since it will
+				 * be replaced with the contents of the symlink
+				 */
+				strip_last_component(resolved);
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * if there are still remaining components to resolve
+			 * then append them to symlink
+			 */
+			if (remaining.len) {
+				strbuf_addch(&symlink, '/');
+				strbuf_addbuf(&symlink, &remaining);
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * use the symlink as the remaining components that
+			 * need to be resolved
+			 */
+			strbuf_swap(&symlink, &remaining);
+		}
 	}
 
-	retval = sb.buf;
+	retval = resolved->buf;
+
 error_out:
-	free(last_elem);
-	if (cwd.len && chdir(cwd.buf))
-		die_errno("Could not change back to '%s'", cwd.buf);
-	strbuf_release(&cwd);
+	strbuf_release(&remaining);
+	strbuf_release(&next);
+	strbuf_release(&symlink);
+
+	if (!retval)
+		strbuf_reset(resolved);
 
 	return retval;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Resolve `path` into an absolute, cleaned-up path. The return value
+ * comes from a shared buffer.
+ */
 const char *real_path(const char *path)
 {
-	return real_path_internal(path, 1);
+	static struct strbuf realpath = STRBUF_INIT;
+	return strbuf_realpath(&realpath, path, 1);
 }
 
 const char *real_path_if_valid(const char *path)
 {
-	return real_path_internal(path, 0);
+	static struct strbuf realpath = STRBUF_INIT;
+	return strbuf_realpath(&realpath, path, 0);
+}
+
+char *real_pathdup(const char *path, int die_on_error)
+{
+	struct strbuf realpath = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *retval = NULL;
+
+	if (strbuf_realpath(&realpath, path, die_on_error))
+		retval = strbuf_detach(&realpath, NULL);
+
+	strbuf_release(&realpath);
+
+	return retval;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -152,32 +243,28 @@ const char *absolute_path(const char *path)
 	return sb.buf;
 }
 
-/*
- * Unlike prefix_path, this should be used if the named file does
- * not have to interact with index entry; i.e. name of a random file
- * on the filesystem.
- */
-const char *prefix_filename(const char *pfx, int pfx_len, const char *arg)
+char *absolute_pathdup(const char *path)
 {
-	static struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
-#ifndef GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE
-	if (!pfx_len || is_absolute_path(arg))
-		return arg;
-	strbuf_reset(&path);
-	strbuf_add(&path, pfx, pfx_len);
-	strbuf_addstr(&path, arg);
-#else
-	char *p;
-	/* don't add prefix to absolute paths, but still replace '\' by '/' */
-	strbuf_reset(&path);
-	if (is_absolute_path(arg))
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_add_absolute_path(&sb, path);
+	return strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+}
+
+char *prefix_filename(const char *pfx, const char *arg)
+{
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t pfx_len = pfx ? strlen(pfx) : 0;
+
+	if (!pfx_len)
+		; /* nothing to prefix */
+	else if (is_absolute_path(arg))
 		pfx_len = 0;
-	else if (pfx_len)
+	else
 		strbuf_add(&path, pfx, pfx_len);
+
 	strbuf_addstr(&path, arg);
-	for (p = path.buf + pfx_len; *p; p++)
-		if (*p == '\\')
-			*p = '/';
+#ifdef GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE
+	convert_slashes(path.buf + pfx_len);
 #endif
-	return path.buf;
+	return strbuf_detach(&path, NULL);
 }
diff --git a/advice.c b/advice.c
index 575bec20b3..3561cd64e9 100644
--- a/advice.c
+++ b/advice.c
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "color.h"
+#include "help.h"
 
 int advice_push_update_rejected = 1;
 int advice_push_non_ff_current = 1;
@@ -14,30 +17,69 @@ int advice_implicit_identity = 1;
 int advice_detached_head = 1;
 int advice_set_upstream_failure = 1;
 int advice_object_name_warning = 1;
+int advice_amworkdir = 1;
 int advice_rm_hints = 1;
+int advice_add_embedded_repo = 1;
+int advice_ignored_hook = 1;
+int advice_waiting_for_editor = 1;
+int advice_graft_file_deprecated = 1;
+int advice_checkout_ambiguous_remote_branch_name = 1;
+
+static int advice_use_color = -1;
+static char advice_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
+	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
+	GIT_COLOR_YELLOW,	/* HINT */
+};
+
+enum color_advice {
+	ADVICE_COLOR_RESET = 0,
+	ADVICE_COLOR_HINT = 1,
+};
+
+static int parse_advise_color_slot(const char *slot)
+{
+	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "reset"))
+		return ADVICE_COLOR_RESET;
+	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "hint"))
+		return ADVICE_COLOR_HINT;
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static const char *advise_get_color(enum color_advice ix)
+{
+	if (want_color_stderr(advice_use_color))
+		return advice_colors[ix];
+	return "";
+}
 
 static struct {
 	const char *name;
 	int *preference;
 } advice_config[] = {
-	{ "pushupdaterejected", &advice_push_update_rejected },
-	{ "pushnonffcurrent", &advice_push_non_ff_current },
-	{ "pushnonffmatching", &advice_push_non_ff_matching },
-	{ "pushalreadyexists", &advice_push_already_exists },
-	{ "pushfetchfirst", &advice_push_fetch_first },
-	{ "pushneedsforce", &advice_push_needs_force },
-	{ "statushints", &advice_status_hints },
-	{ "statusuoption", &advice_status_u_option },
-	{ "commitbeforemerge", &advice_commit_before_merge },
-	{ "resolveconflict", &advice_resolve_conflict },
-	{ "implicitidentity", &advice_implicit_identity },
-	{ "detachedhead", &advice_detached_head },
-	{ "setupstreamfailure", &advice_set_upstream_failure },
-	{ "objectnamewarning", &advice_object_name_warning },
-	{ "rmhints", &advice_rm_hints },
+	{ "pushUpdateRejected", &advice_push_update_rejected },
+	{ "pushNonFFCurrent", &advice_push_non_ff_current },
+	{ "pushNonFFMatching", &advice_push_non_ff_matching },
+	{ "pushAlreadyExists", &advice_push_already_exists },
+	{ "pushFetchFirst", &advice_push_fetch_first },
+	{ "pushNeedsForce", &advice_push_needs_force },
+	{ "statusHints", &advice_status_hints },
+	{ "statusUoption", &advice_status_u_option },
+	{ "commitBeforeMerge", &advice_commit_before_merge },
+	{ "resolveConflict", &advice_resolve_conflict },
+	{ "implicitIdentity", &advice_implicit_identity },
+	{ "detachedHead", &advice_detached_head },
+	{ "setupStreamFailure", &advice_set_upstream_failure },
+	{ "objectNameWarning", &advice_object_name_warning },
+	{ "amWorkDir", &advice_amworkdir },
+	{ "rmHints", &advice_rm_hints },
+	{ "addEmbeddedRepo", &advice_add_embedded_repo },
+	{ "ignoredHook", &advice_ignored_hook },
+	{ "waitingForEditor", &advice_waiting_for_editor },
+	{ "graftFileDeprecated", &advice_graft_file_deprecated },
+	{ "checkoutAmbiguousRemoteBranchName", &advice_checkout_ambiguous_remote_branch_name },
 
 	/* make this an alias for backward compatibility */
-	{ "pushnonfastforward", &advice_push_update_rejected }
+	{ "pushNonFastForward", &advice_push_update_rejected }
 };
 
 void advise(const char *advice, ...)
@@ -52,7 +94,10 @@ void advise(const char *advice, ...)
 
 	for (cp = buf.buf; *cp; cp = np) {
 		np = strchrnul(cp, '\n');
-		fprintf(stderr,	_("hint: %.*s\n"), (int)(np - cp), cp);
+		fprintf(stderr,	_("%shint: %.*s%s\n"),
+			advise_get_color(ADVICE_COLOR_HINT),
+			(int)(np - cp), cp,
+			advise_get_color(ADVICE_COLOR_RESET));
 		if (*np)
 			np++;
 	}
@@ -61,14 +106,28 @@ void advise(const char *advice, ...)
 
 int git_default_advice_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 {
-	const char *k;
+	const char *k, *slot_name;
 	int i;
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "color.advice")) {
+		advice_use_color = git_config_colorbool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (skip_prefix(var, "color.advice.", &slot_name)) {
+		int slot = parse_advise_color_slot(slot_name);
+		if (slot < 0)
+			return 0;
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		return color_parse(value, advice_colors[slot]);
+	}
+
 	if (!skip_prefix(var, "advice.", &k))
 		return 0;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(advice_config); i++) {
-		if (strcmp(k, advice_config[i].name))
+		if (strcasecmp(k, advice_config[i].name))
 			continue;
 		*advice_config[i].preference = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
@@ -77,9 +136,30 @@ int git_default_advice_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+void list_config_advices(struct string_list *list, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(advice_config); i++)
+		list_config_item(list, prefix, advice_config[i].name);
+}
+
 int error_resolve_conflict(const char *me)
 {
-	error("%s is not possible because you have unmerged files.", me);
+	if (!strcmp(me, "cherry-pick"))
+		error(_("Cherry-picking is not possible because you have unmerged files."));
+	else if (!strcmp(me, "commit"))
+		error(_("Committing is not possible because you have unmerged files."));
+	else if (!strcmp(me, "merge"))
+		error(_("Merging is not possible because you have unmerged files."));
+	else if (!strcmp(me, "pull"))
+		error(_("Pulling is not possible because you have unmerged files."));
+	else if (!strcmp(me, "revert"))
+		error(_("Reverting is not possible because you have unmerged files."));
+	else
+		error(_("It is not possible to %s because you have unmerged files."),
+			me);
+
 	if (advice_resolve_conflict)
 		/*
 		 * Message used both when 'git commit' fails and when
@@ -93,19 +173,27 @@ int error_resolve_conflict(const char *me)
 void NORETURN die_resolve_conflict(const char *me)
 {
 	error_resolve_conflict(me);
-	die("Exiting because of an unresolved conflict.");
+	die(_("Exiting because of an unresolved conflict."));
+}
+
+void NORETURN die_conclude_merge(void)
+{
+	error(_("You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."));
+	if (advice_resolve_conflict)
+		advise(_("Please, commit your changes before merging."));
+	die(_("Exiting because of unfinished merge."));
 }
 
 void detach_advice(const char *new_name)
 {
-	const char fmt[] =
-	"Note: checking out '%s'.\n\n"
+	const char *fmt =
+	_("Note: checking out '%s'.\n\n"
 	"You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental\n"
 	"changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this\n"
 	"state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.\n\n"
 	"If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may\n"
 	"do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n\n"
-	"  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>\n\n";
+	"  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>\n\n");
 
 	fprintf(stderr, fmt, new_name);
 }
diff --git a/advice.h b/advice.h
index 5ecc6c154e..ab24df0fd0 100644
--- a/advice.h
+++ b/advice.h
@@ -17,13 +17,20 @@ extern int advice_implicit_identity;
 extern int advice_detached_head;
 extern int advice_set_upstream_failure;
 extern int advice_object_name_warning;
+extern int advice_amworkdir;
 extern int advice_rm_hints;
+extern int advice_add_embedded_repo;
+extern int advice_ignored_hook;
+extern int advice_waiting_for_editor;
+extern int advice_graft_file_deprecated;
+extern int advice_checkout_ambiguous_remote_branch_name;
 
 int git_default_advice_config(const char *var, const char *value);
 __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
 void advise(const char *advice, ...);
 int error_resolve_conflict(const char *me);
 extern void NORETURN die_resolve_conflict(const char *me);
+void NORETURN die_conclude_merge(void);
 void detach_advice(const char *new_name);
 
 #endif /* ADVICE_H */
diff --git a/alias.c b/alias.c
index 6aa164a362..a7e4e57130 100644
--- a/alias.c
+++ b/alias.c
@@ -1,13 +1,47 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "alias.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+struct config_alias_data {
+	const char *alias;
+	char *v;
+	struct string_list *list;
+};
+
+static int config_alias_cb(const char *key, const char *value, void *d)
+{
+	struct config_alias_data *data = d;
+	const char *p;
+
+	if (!skip_prefix(key, "alias.", &p))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (data->alias) {
+		if (!strcasecmp(p, data->alias))
+			return git_config_string((const char **)&data->v,
+						 key, value);
+	} else if (data->list) {
+		string_list_append(data->list, p);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
 
 char *alias_lookup(const char *alias)
 {
-	char *v = NULL;
-	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
-	strbuf_addf(&key, "alias.%s", alias);
-	git_config_get_string(key.buf, &v);
-	strbuf_release(&key);
-	return v;
+	struct config_alias_data data = { alias, NULL };
+
+	read_early_config(config_alias_cb, &data);
+
+	return data.v;
+}
+
+void list_aliases(struct string_list *list)
+{
+	struct config_alias_data data = { NULL, NULL, list };
+
+	read_early_config(config_alias_cb, &data);
 }
 
 #define SPLIT_CMDLINE_BAD_ENDING 1
@@ -22,7 +56,7 @@ int split_cmdline(char *cmdline, const char ***argv)
 	int src, dst, count = 0, size = 16;
 	char quoted = 0;
 
-	*argv = xmalloc(sizeof(**argv) * size);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(*argv, size);
 
 	/* split alias_string */
 	(*argv)[count++] = cmdline;
@@ -46,8 +80,7 @@ int split_cmdline(char *cmdline, const char ***argv)
 				src++;
 				c = cmdline[src];
 				if (!c) {
-					free(*argv);
-					*argv = NULL;
+					FREE_AND_NULL(*argv);
 					return -SPLIT_CMDLINE_BAD_ENDING;
 				}
 			}
@@ -59,8 +92,7 @@ int split_cmdline(char *cmdline, const char ***argv)
 	cmdline[dst] = 0;
 
 	if (quoted) {
-		free(*argv);
-		*argv = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(*argv);
 		return -SPLIT_CMDLINE_UNCLOSED_QUOTE;
 	}
 
diff --git a/alias.h b/alias.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79933f2457
--- /dev/null
+++ b/alias.h
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#ifndef __ALIAS_H__
+#define __ALIAS_H__
+
+struct string_list;
+
+char *alias_lookup(const char *alias);
+int split_cmdline(char *cmdline, const char ***argv);
+/* Takes a negative value returned by split_cmdline */
+const char *split_cmdline_strerror(int cmdline_errno);
+void list_aliases(struct string_list *list);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/alloc.c b/alloc.c
index 12afadfacd..e7aa81b7aa 100644
--- a/alloc.c
+++ b/alloc.c
@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2006 Linus Torvalds
  *
  * The standard malloc/free wastes too much space for objects, partly because
- * it maintains all the allocation infrastructure (which isn't needed, since
- * we never free an object descriptor anyway), but even more because it ends
+ * it maintains all the allocation infrastructure, but even more because it ends
  * up with maximal alignment because it doesn't know what the object alignment
  * for the new allocation is.
  */
@@ -15,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
+#include "alloc.h"
 
 #define BLOCKING 1024
 
@@ -30,8 +30,27 @@ struct alloc_state {
 	int count; /* total number of nodes allocated */
 	int nr;    /* number of nodes left in current allocation */
 	void *p;   /* first free node in current allocation */
+
+	/* bookkeeping of allocations */
+	void **slabs;
+	int slab_nr, slab_alloc;
 };
 
+struct alloc_state *allocate_alloc_state(void)
+{
+	return xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct alloc_state));
+}
+
+void clear_alloc_state(struct alloc_state *s)
+{
+	while (s->slab_nr > 0) {
+		s->slab_nr--;
+		free(s->slabs[s->slab_nr]);
+	}
+
+	FREE_AND_NULL(s->slabs);
+}
+
 static inline void *alloc_node(struct alloc_state *s, size_t node_size)
 {
 	void *ret;
@@ -39,60 +58,59 @@ static inline void *alloc_node(struct alloc_state *s, size_t node_size)
 	if (!s->nr) {
 		s->nr = BLOCKING;
 		s->p = xmalloc(BLOCKING * node_size);
+
+		ALLOC_GROW(s->slabs, s->slab_nr + 1, s->slab_alloc);
+		s->slabs[s->slab_nr++] = s->p;
 	}
 	s->nr--;
 	s->count++;
 	ret = s->p;
 	s->p = (char *)s->p + node_size;
 	memset(ret, 0, node_size);
+
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static struct alloc_state blob_state;
-void *alloc_blob_node(void)
+void *alloc_blob_node(struct repository *r)
 {
-	struct blob *b = alloc_node(&blob_state, sizeof(struct blob));
+	struct blob *b = alloc_node(r->parsed_objects->blob_state, sizeof(struct blob));
 	b->object.type = OBJ_BLOB;
 	return b;
 }
 
-static struct alloc_state tree_state;
-void *alloc_tree_node(void)
+void *alloc_tree_node(struct repository *r)
 {
-	struct tree *t = alloc_node(&tree_state, sizeof(struct tree));
+	struct tree *t = alloc_node(r->parsed_objects->tree_state, sizeof(struct tree));
 	t->object.type = OBJ_TREE;
 	return t;
 }
 
-static struct alloc_state tag_state;
-void *alloc_tag_node(void)
+void *alloc_tag_node(struct repository *r)
 {
-	struct tag *t = alloc_node(&tag_state, sizeof(struct tag));
+	struct tag *t = alloc_node(r->parsed_objects->tag_state, sizeof(struct tag));
 	t->object.type = OBJ_TAG;
 	return t;
 }
 
-static struct alloc_state object_state;
-void *alloc_object_node(void)
+void *alloc_object_node(struct repository *r)
 {
-	struct object *obj = alloc_node(&object_state, sizeof(union any_object));
+	struct object *obj = alloc_node(r->parsed_objects->object_state, sizeof(union any_object));
 	obj->type = OBJ_NONE;
 	return obj;
 }
 
-static struct alloc_state commit_state;
-
-unsigned int alloc_commit_index(void)
+unsigned int alloc_commit_index(struct repository *r)
 {
-	static unsigned int count;
-	return count++;
+	return r->parsed_objects->commit_count++;
 }
 
-void *alloc_commit_node(void)
+void *alloc_commit_node(struct repository *r)
 {
-	struct commit *c = alloc_node(&commit_state, sizeof(struct commit));
+	struct commit *c = alloc_node(r->parsed_objects->commit_state, sizeof(struct commit));
 	c->object.type = OBJ_COMMIT;
-	c->index = alloc_commit_index();
+	c->index = alloc_commit_index(r);
+	c->graph_pos = COMMIT_NOT_FROM_GRAPH;
+	c->generation = GENERATION_NUMBER_INFINITY;
 	return c;
 }
 
@@ -103,9 +121,10 @@ static void report(const char *name, unsigned int count, size_t size)
 }
 
 #define REPORT(name, type)	\
-    report(#name, name##_state.count, name##_state.count * sizeof(type) >> 10)
+    report(#name, r->parsed_objects->name##_state->count, \
+		  r->parsed_objects->name##_state->count * sizeof(type) >> 10)
 
-void alloc_report(void)
+void alloc_report(struct repository *r)
 {
 	REPORT(blob, struct blob);
 	REPORT(tree, struct tree);
diff --git a/alloc.h b/alloc.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ba356ed847
--- /dev/null
+++ b/alloc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#ifndef ALLOC_H
+#define ALLOC_H
+
+struct alloc_state;
+struct tree;
+struct commit;
+struct tag;
+struct repository;
+
+void *alloc_blob_node(struct repository *r);
+void *alloc_tree_node(struct repository *r);
+void *alloc_commit_node(struct repository *r);
+void *alloc_tag_node(struct repository *r);
+void *alloc_object_node(struct repository *r);
+void alloc_report(struct repository *r);
+unsigned int alloc_commit_index(struct repository *r);
+
+struct alloc_state *allocate_alloc_state(void);
+void clear_alloc_state(struct alloc_state *s);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/apply.c b/apply.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e485fbc6bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apply.c
@@ -0,0 +1,5005 @@
+/*
+ * apply.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
+ *
+ * This applies patches on top of some (arbitrary) version of the SCM.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "blob.h"
+#include "delta.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "xdiff-interface.h"
+#include "ll-merge.h"
+#include "lockfile.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "rerere.h"
+#include "apply.h"
+
+static void git_apply_config(void)
+{
+	git_config_get_string_const("apply.whitespace", &apply_default_whitespace);
+	git_config_get_string_const("apply.ignorewhitespace", &apply_default_ignorewhitespace);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+}
+
+static int parse_whitespace_option(struct apply_state *state, const char *option)
+{
+	if (!option) {
+		state->ws_error_action = warn_on_ws_error;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(option, "warn")) {
+		state->ws_error_action = warn_on_ws_error;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(option, "nowarn")) {
+		state->ws_error_action = nowarn_ws_error;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(option, "error")) {
+		state->ws_error_action = die_on_ws_error;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(option, "error-all")) {
+		state->ws_error_action = die_on_ws_error;
+		state->squelch_whitespace_errors = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(option, "strip") || !strcmp(option, "fix")) {
+		state->ws_error_action = correct_ws_error;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return error(_("unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"), option);
+}
+
+static int parse_ignorewhitespace_option(struct apply_state *state,
+						 const char *option)
+{
+	if (!option || !strcmp(option, "no") ||
+	    !strcmp(option, "false") || !strcmp(option, "never") ||
+	    !strcmp(option, "none")) {
+		state->ws_ignore_action = ignore_ws_none;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(option, "change")) {
+		state->ws_ignore_action = ignore_ws_change;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return error(_("unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"), option);
+}
+
+int init_apply_state(struct apply_state *state,
+		     struct repository *repo,
+		     const char *prefix)
+{
+	memset(state, 0, sizeof(*state));
+	state->prefix = prefix;
+	state->repo = repo;
+	state->apply = 1;
+	state->line_termination = '\n';
+	state->p_value = 1;
+	state->p_context = UINT_MAX;
+	state->squelch_whitespace_errors = 5;
+	state->ws_error_action = warn_on_ws_error;
+	state->ws_ignore_action = ignore_ws_none;
+	state->linenr = 1;
+	string_list_init(&state->fn_table, 0);
+	string_list_init(&state->limit_by_name, 0);
+	string_list_init(&state->symlink_changes, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&state->root, 0);
+
+	git_apply_config();
+	if (apply_default_whitespace && parse_whitespace_option(state, apply_default_whitespace))
+		return -1;
+	if (apply_default_ignorewhitespace && parse_ignorewhitespace_option(state, apply_default_ignorewhitespace))
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void clear_apply_state(struct apply_state *state)
+{
+	string_list_clear(&state->limit_by_name, 0);
+	string_list_clear(&state->symlink_changes, 0);
+	strbuf_release(&state->root);
+
+	/* &state->fn_table is cleared at the end of apply_patch() */
+}
+
+static void mute_routine(const char *msg, va_list params)
+{
+	/* do nothing */
+}
+
+int check_apply_state(struct apply_state *state, int force_apply)
+{
+	int is_not_gitdir = !startup_info->have_repository;
+
+	if (state->apply_with_reject && state->threeway)
+		return error(_("--reject and --3way cannot be used together."));
+	if (state->cached && state->threeway)
+		return error(_("--cached and --3way cannot be used together."));
+	if (state->threeway) {
+		if (is_not_gitdir)
+			return error(_("--3way outside a repository"));
+		state->check_index = 1;
+	}
+	if (state->apply_with_reject) {
+		state->apply = 1;
+		if (state->apply_verbosity == verbosity_normal)
+			state->apply_verbosity = verbosity_verbose;
+	}
+	if (!force_apply && (state->diffstat || state->numstat || state->summary || state->check || state->fake_ancestor))
+		state->apply = 0;
+	if (state->check_index && is_not_gitdir)
+		return error(_("--index outside a repository"));
+	if (state->cached) {
+		if (is_not_gitdir)
+			return error(_("--cached outside a repository"));
+		state->check_index = 1;
+	}
+	if (state->ita_only && (state->check_index || is_not_gitdir))
+		state->ita_only = 0;
+	if (state->check_index)
+		state->unsafe_paths = 0;
+
+	if (state->apply_verbosity <= verbosity_silent) {
+		state->saved_error_routine = get_error_routine();
+		state->saved_warn_routine = get_warn_routine();
+		set_error_routine(mute_routine);
+		set_warn_routine(mute_routine);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void set_default_whitespace_mode(struct apply_state *state)
+{
+	if (!state->whitespace_option && !apply_default_whitespace)
+		state->ws_error_action = (state->apply ? warn_on_ws_error : nowarn_ws_error);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This represents one "hunk" from a patch, starting with
+ * "@@ -oldpos,oldlines +newpos,newlines @@" marker.  The
+ * patch text is pointed at by patch, and its byte length
+ * is stored in size.  leading and trailing are the number
+ * of context lines.
+ */
+struct fragment {
+	unsigned long leading, trailing;
+	unsigned long oldpos, oldlines;
+	unsigned long newpos, newlines;
+	/*
+	 * 'patch' is usually borrowed from buf in apply_patch(),
+	 * but some codepaths store an allocated buffer.
+	 */
+	const char *patch;
+	unsigned free_patch:1,
+		rejected:1;
+	int size;
+	int linenr;
+	struct fragment *next;
+};
+
+/*
+ * When dealing with a binary patch, we reuse "leading" field
+ * to store the type of the binary hunk, either deflated "delta"
+ * or deflated "literal".
+ */
+#define binary_patch_method leading
+#define BINARY_DELTA_DEFLATED	1
+#define BINARY_LITERAL_DEFLATED 2
+
+/*
+ * This represents a "patch" to a file, both metainfo changes
+ * such as creation/deletion, filemode and content changes represented
+ * as a series of fragments.
+ */
+struct patch {
+	char *new_name, *old_name, *def_name;
+	unsigned int old_mode, new_mode;
+	int is_new, is_delete;	/* -1 = unknown, 0 = false, 1 = true */
+	int rejected;
+	unsigned ws_rule;
+	int lines_added, lines_deleted;
+	int score;
+	int extension_linenr; /* first line specifying delete/new/rename/copy */
+	unsigned int is_toplevel_relative:1;
+	unsigned int inaccurate_eof:1;
+	unsigned int is_binary:1;
+	unsigned int is_copy:1;
+	unsigned int is_rename:1;
+	unsigned int recount:1;
+	unsigned int conflicted_threeway:1;
+	unsigned int direct_to_threeway:1;
+	unsigned int crlf_in_old:1;
+	struct fragment *fragments;
+	char *result;
+	size_t resultsize;
+	char old_sha1_prefix[41];
+	char new_sha1_prefix[41];
+	struct patch *next;
+
+	/* three-way fallback result */
+	struct object_id threeway_stage[3];
+};
+
+static void free_fragment_list(struct fragment *list)
+{
+	while (list) {
+		struct fragment *next = list->next;
+		if (list->free_patch)
+			free((char *)list->patch);
+		free(list);
+		list = next;
+	}
+}
+
+static void free_patch(struct patch *patch)
+{
+	free_fragment_list(patch->fragments);
+	free(patch->def_name);
+	free(patch->old_name);
+	free(patch->new_name);
+	free(patch->result);
+	free(patch);
+}
+
+static void free_patch_list(struct patch *list)
+{
+	while (list) {
+		struct patch *next = list->next;
+		free_patch(list);
+		list = next;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * A line in a file, len-bytes long (includes the terminating LF,
+ * except for an incomplete line at the end if the file ends with
+ * one), and its contents hashes to 'hash'.
+ */
+struct line {
+	size_t len;
+	unsigned hash : 24;
+	unsigned flag : 8;
+#define LINE_COMMON     1
+#define LINE_PATCHED	2
+};
+
+/*
+ * This represents a "file", which is an array of "lines".
+ */
+struct image {
+	char *buf;
+	size_t len;
+	size_t nr;
+	size_t alloc;
+	struct line *line_allocated;
+	struct line *line;
+};
+
+static uint32_t hash_line(const char *cp, size_t len)
+{
+	size_t i;
+	uint32_t h;
+	for (i = 0, h = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		if (!isspace(cp[i])) {
+			h = h * 3 + (cp[i] & 0xff);
+		}
+	}
+	return h;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compare lines s1 of length n1 and s2 of length n2, ignoring
+ * whitespace difference. Returns 1 if they match, 0 otherwise
+ */
+static int fuzzy_matchlines(const char *s1, size_t n1,
+			    const char *s2, size_t n2)
+{
+	const char *end1 = s1 + n1;
+	const char *end2 = s2 + n2;
+
+	/* ignore line endings */
+	while (s1 < end1 && (end1[-1] == '\r' || end1[-1] == '\n'))
+		end1--;
+	while (s2 < end2 && (end2[-1] == '\r' || end2[-1] == '\n'))
+		end2--;
+
+	while (s1 < end1 && s2 < end2) {
+		if (isspace(*s1)) {
+			/*
+			 * Skip whitespace. We check on both buffers
+			 * because we don't want "a b" to match "ab".
+			 */
+			if (!isspace(*s2))
+				return 0;
+			while (s1 < end1 && isspace(*s1))
+				s1++;
+			while (s2 < end2 && isspace(*s2))
+				s2++;
+		} else if (*s1++ != *s2++)
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* If we reached the end on one side only, lines don't match. */
+	return s1 == end1 && s2 == end2;
+}
+
+static void add_line_info(struct image *img, const char *bol, size_t len, unsigned flag)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(img->line_allocated, img->nr + 1, img->alloc);
+	img->line_allocated[img->nr].len = len;
+	img->line_allocated[img->nr].hash = hash_line(bol, len);
+	img->line_allocated[img->nr].flag = flag;
+	img->nr++;
+}
+
+/*
+ * "buf" has the file contents to be patched (read from various sources).
+ * attach it to "image" and add line-based index to it.
+ * "image" now owns the "buf".
+ */
+static void prepare_image(struct image *image, char *buf, size_t len,
+			  int prepare_linetable)
+{
+	const char *cp, *ep;
+
+	memset(image, 0, sizeof(*image));
+	image->buf = buf;
+	image->len = len;
+
+	if (!prepare_linetable)
+		return;
+
+	ep = image->buf + image->len;
+	cp = image->buf;
+	while (cp < ep) {
+		const char *next;
+		for (next = cp; next < ep && *next != '\n'; next++)
+			;
+		if (next < ep)
+			next++;
+		add_line_info(image, cp, next - cp, 0);
+		cp = next;
+	}
+	image->line = image->line_allocated;
+}
+
+static void clear_image(struct image *image)
+{
+	free(image->buf);
+	free(image->line_allocated);
+	memset(image, 0, sizeof(*image));
+}
+
+/* fmt must contain _one_ %s and no other substitution */
+static void say_patch_name(FILE *output, const char *fmt, struct patch *patch)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (patch->old_name && patch->new_name &&
+	    strcmp(patch->old_name, patch->new_name)) {
+		quote_c_style(patch->old_name, &sb, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, " => ");
+		quote_c_style(patch->new_name, &sb, NULL, 0);
+	} else {
+		const char *n = patch->new_name;
+		if (!n)
+			n = patch->old_name;
+		quote_c_style(n, &sb, NULL, 0);
+	}
+	fprintf(output, fmt, sb.buf);
+	fputc('\n', output);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+#define SLOP (16)
+
+static int read_patch_file(struct strbuf *sb, int fd)
+{
+	if (strbuf_read(sb, fd, 0) < 0)
+		return error_errno("git apply: failed to read");
+
+	/*
+	 * Make sure that we have some slop in the buffer
+	 * so that we can do speculative "memcmp" etc, and
+	 * see to it that it is NUL-filled.
+	 */
+	strbuf_grow(sb, SLOP);
+	memset(sb->buf + sb->len, 0, SLOP);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned long linelen(const char *buffer, unsigned long size)
+{
+	unsigned long len = 0;
+	while (size--) {
+		len++;
+		if (*buffer++ == '\n')
+			break;
+	}
+	return len;
+}
+
+static int is_dev_null(const char *str)
+{
+	return skip_prefix(str, "/dev/null", &str) && isspace(*str);
+}
+
+#define TERM_SPACE	1
+#define TERM_TAB	2
+
+static int name_terminate(int c, int terminate)
+{
+	if (c == ' ' && !(terminate & TERM_SPACE))
+		return 0;
+	if (c == '\t' && !(terminate & TERM_TAB))
+		return 0;
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/* remove double slashes to make --index work with such filenames */
+static char *squash_slash(char *name)
+{
+	int i = 0, j = 0;
+
+	if (!name)
+		return NULL;
+
+	while (name[i]) {
+		if ((name[j++] = name[i++]) == '/')
+			while (name[i] == '/')
+				i++;
+	}
+	name[j] = '\0';
+	return name;
+}
+
+static char *find_name_gnu(struct apply_state *state,
+			   const char *line,
+			   const char *def,
+			   int p_value)
+{
+	struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *cp;
+
+	/*
+	 * Proposed "new-style" GNU patch/diff format; see
+	 * http://marc.info/?l=git&m=112927316408690&w=2
+	 */
+	if (unquote_c_style(&name, line, NULL)) {
+		strbuf_release(&name);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	for (cp = name.buf; p_value; p_value--) {
+		cp = strchr(cp, '/');
+		if (!cp) {
+			strbuf_release(&name);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		cp++;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_remove(&name, 0, cp - name.buf);
+	if (state->root.len)
+		strbuf_insert(&name, 0, state->root.buf, state->root.len);
+	return squash_slash(strbuf_detach(&name, NULL));
+}
+
+static size_t sane_tz_len(const char *line, size_t len)
+{
+	const char *tz, *p;
+
+	if (len < strlen(" +0500") || line[len-strlen(" +0500")] != ' ')
+		return 0;
+	tz = line + len - strlen(" +0500");
+
+	if (tz[1] != '+' && tz[1] != '-')
+		return 0;
+
+	for (p = tz + 2; p != line + len; p++)
+		if (!isdigit(*p))
+			return 0;
+
+	return line + len - tz;
+}
+
+static size_t tz_with_colon_len(const char *line, size_t len)
+{
+	const char *tz, *p;
+
+	if (len < strlen(" +08:00") || line[len - strlen(":00")] != ':')
+		return 0;
+	tz = line + len - strlen(" +08:00");
+
+	if (tz[0] != ' ' || (tz[1] != '+' && tz[1] != '-'))
+		return 0;
+	p = tz + 2;
+	if (!isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++) || *p++ != ':' ||
+	    !isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++))
+		return 0;
+
+	return line + len - tz;
+}
+
+static size_t date_len(const char *line, size_t len)
+{
+	const char *date, *p;
+
+	if (len < strlen("72-02-05") || line[len-strlen("-05")] != '-')
+		return 0;
+	p = date = line + len - strlen("72-02-05");
+
+	if (!isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++) || *p++ != '-' ||
+	    !isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++) || *p++ != '-' ||
+	    !isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++))	/* Not a date. */
+		return 0;
+
+	if (date - line >= strlen("19") &&
+	    isdigit(date[-1]) && isdigit(date[-2]))	/* 4-digit year */
+		date -= strlen("19");
+
+	return line + len - date;
+}
+
+static size_t short_time_len(const char *line, size_t len)
+{
+	const char *time, *p;
+
+	if (len < strlen(" 07:01:32") || line[len-strlen(":32")] != ':')
+		return 0;
+	p = time = line + len - strlen(" 07:01:32");
+
+	/* Permit 1-digit hours? */
+	if (*p++ != ' ' ||
+	    !isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++) || *p++ != ':' ||
+	    !isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++) || *p++ != ':' ||
+	    !isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++))	/* Not a time. */
+		return 0;
+
+	return line + len - time;
+}
+
+static size_t fractional_time_len(const char *line, size_t len)
+{
+	const char *p;
+	size_t n;
+
+	/* Expected format: 19:41:17.620000023 */
+	if (!len || !isdigit(line[len - 1]))
+		return 0;
+	p = line + len - 1;
+
+	/* Fractional seconds. */
+	while (p > line && isdigit(*p))
+		p--;
+	if (*p != '.')
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Hours, minutes, and whole seconds. */
+	n = short_time_len(line, p - line);
+	if (!n)
+		return 0;
+
+	return line + len - p + n;
+}
+
+static size_t trailing_spaces_len(const char *line, size_t len)
+{
+	const char *p;
+
+	/* Expected format: ' ' x (1 or more)  */
+	if (!len || line[len - 1] != ' ')
+		return 0;
+
+	p = line + len;
+	while (p != line) {
+		p--;
+		if (*p != ' ')
+			return line + len - (p + 1);
+	}
+
+	/* All spaces! */
+	return len;
+}
+
+static size_t diff_timestamp_len(const char *line, size_t len)
+{
+	const char *end = line + len;
+	size_t n;
+
+	/*
+	 * Posix: 2010-07-05 19:41:17
+	 * GNU: 2010-07-05 19:41:17.620000023 -0500
+	 */
+
+	if (!isdigit(end[-1]))
+		return 0;
+
+	n = sane_tz_len(line, end - line);
+	if (!n)
+		n = tz_with_colon_len(line, end - line);
+	end -= n;
+
+	n = short_time_len(line, end - line);
+	if (!n)
+		n = fractional_time_len(line, end - line);
+	end -= n;
+
+	n = date_len(line, end - line);
+	if (!n)	/* No date.  Too bad. */
+		return 0;
+	end -= n;
+
+	if (end == line)	/* No space before date. */
+		return 0;
+	if (end[-1] == '\t') {	/* Success! */
+		end--;
+		return line + len - end;
+	}
+	if (end[-1] != ' ')	/* No space before date. */
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Whitespace damage. */
+	end -= trailing_spaces_len(line, end - line);
+	return line + len - end;
+}
+
+static char *find_name_common(struct apply_state *state,
+			      const char *line,
+			      const char *def,
+			      int p_value,
+			      const char *end,
+			      int terminate)
+{
+	int len;
+	const char *start = NULL;
+
+	if (p_value == 0)
+		start = line;
+	while (line != end) {
+		char c = *line;
+
+		if (!end && isspace(c)) {
+			if (c == '\n')
+				break;
+			if (name_terminate(c, terminate))
+				break;
+		}
+		line++;
+		if (c == '/' && !--p_value)
+			start = line;
+	}
+	if (!start)
+		return squash_slash(xstrdup_or_null(def));
+	len = line - start;
+	if (!len)
+		return squash_slash(xstrdup_or_null(def));
+
+	/*
+	 * Generally we prefer the shorter name, especially
+	 * if the other one is just a variation of that with
+	 * something else tacked on to the end (ie "file.orig"
+	 * or "file~").
+	 */
+	if (def) {
+		int deflen = strlen(def);
+		if (deflen < len && !strncmp(start, def, deflen))
+			return squash_slash(xstrdup(def));
+	}
+
+	if (state->root.len) {
+		char *ret = xstrfmt("%s%.*s", state->root.buf, len, start);
+		return squash_slash(ret);
+	}
+
+	return squash_slash(xmemdupz(start, len));
+}
+
+static char *find_name(struct apply_state *state,
+		       const char *line,
+		       char *def,
+		       int p_value,
+		       int terminate)
+{
+	if (*line == '"') {
+		char *name = find_name_gnu(state, line, def, p_value);
+		if (name)
+			return name;
+	}
+
+	return find_name_common(state, line, def, p_value, NULL, terminate);
+}
+
+static char *find_name_traditional(struct apply_state *state,
+				   const char *line,
+				   char *def,
+				   int p_value)
+{
+	size_t len;
+	size_t date_len;
+
+	if (*line == '"') {
+		char *name = find_name_gnu(state, line, def, p_value);
+		if (name)
+			return name;
+	}
+
+	len = strchrnul(line, '\n') - line;
+	date_len = diff_timestamp_len(line, len);
+	if (!date_len)
+		return find_name_common(state, line, def, p_value, NULL, TERM_TAB);
+	len -= date_len;
+
+	return find_name_common(state, line, def, p_value, line + len, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Given the string after "--- " or "+++ ", guess the appropriate
+ * p_value for the given patch.
+ */
+static int guess_p_value(struct apply_state *state, const char *nameline)
+{
+	char *name, *cp;
+	int val = -1;
+
+	if (is_dev_null(nameline))
+		return -1;
+	name = find_name_traditional(state, nameline, NULL, 0);
+	if (!name)
+		return -1;
+	cp = strchr(name, '/');
+	if (!cp)
+		val = 0;
+	else if (state->prefix) {
+		/*
+		 * Does it begin with "a/$our-prefix" and such?  Then this is
+		 * very likely to apply to our directory.
+		 */
+		if (starts_with(name, state->prefix))
+			val = count_slashes(state->prefix);
+		else {
+			cp++;
+			if (starts_with(cp, state->prefix))
+				val = count_slashes(state->prefix) + 1;
+		}
+	}
+	free(name);
+	return val;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Does the ---/+++ line have the POSIX timestamp after the last HT?
+ * GNU diff puts epoch there to signal a creation/deletion event.  Is
+ * this such a timestamp?
+ */
+static int has_epoch_timestamp(const char *nameline)
+{
+	/*
+	 * We are only interested in epoch timestamp; any non-zero
+	 * fraction cannot be one, hence "(\.0+)?" in the regexp below.
+	 * For the same reason, the date must be either 1969-12-31 or
+	 * 1970-01-01, and the seconds part must be "00".
+	 */
+	const char stamp_regexp[] =
+		"^[0-2][0-9]:([0-5][0-9]):00(\\.0+)?"
+		" "
+		"([-+][0-2][0-9]:?[0-5][0-9])\n";
+	const char *timestamp = NULL, *cp, *colon;
+	static regex_t *stamp;
+	regmatch_t m[10];
+	int zoneoffset, epoch_hour, hour, minute;
+	int status;
+
+	for (cp = nameline; *cp != '\n'; cp++) {
+		if (*cp == '\t')
+			timestamp = cp + 1;
+	}
+	if (!timestamp)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss must be from either 1969-12-31
+	 * (west of GMT) or 1970-01-01 (east of GMT)
+	 */
+	if (skip_prefix(timestamp, "1969-12-31 ", &timestamp))
+		epoch_hour = 24;
+	else if (skip_prefix(timestamp, "1970-01-01 ", &timestamp))
+		epoch_hour = 0;
+	else
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!stamp) {
+		stamp = xmalloc(sizeof(*stamp));
+		if (regcomp(stamp, stamp_regexp, REG_EXTENDED)) {
+			warning(_("Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"),
+				stamp_regexp);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	status = regexec(stamp, timestamp, ARRAY_SIZE(m), m, 0);
+	if (status) {
+		if (status != REG_NOMATCH)
+			warning(_("regexec returned %d for input: %s"),
+				status, timestamp);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	hour = strtol(timestamp, NULL, 10);
+	minute = strtol(timestamp + m[1].rm_so, NULL, 10);
+
+	zoneoffset = strtol(timestamp + m[3].rm_so + 1, (char **) &colon, 10);
+	if (*colon == ':')
+		zoneoffset = zoneoffset * 60 + strtol(colon + 1, NULL, 10);
+	else
+		zoneoffset = (zoneoffset / 100) * 60 + (zoneoffset % 100);
+	if (timestamp[m[3].rm_so] == '-')
+		zoneoffset = -zoneoffset;
+
+	return hour * 60 + minute - zoneoffset == epoch_hour * 60;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get the name etc info from the ---/+++ lines of a traditional patch header
+ *
+ * FIXME! The end-of-filename heuristics are kind of screwy. For existing
+ * files, we can happily check the index for a match, but for creating a
+ * new file we should try to match whatever "patch" does. I have no idea.
+ */
+static int parse_traditional_patch(struct apply_state *state,
+				   const char *first,
+				   const char *second,
+				   struct patch *patch)
+{
+	char *name;
+
+	first += 4;	/* skip "--- " */
+	second += 4;	/* skip "+++ " */
+	if (!state->p_value_known) {
+		int p, q;
+		p = guess_p_value(state, first);
+		q = guess_p_value(state, second);
+		if (p < 0) p = q;
+		if (0 <= p && p == q) {
+			state->p_value = p;
+			state->p_value_known = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	if (is_dev_null(first)) {
+		patch->is_new = 1;
+		patch->is_delete = 0;
+		name = find_name_traditional(state, second, NULL, state->p_value);
+		patch->new_name = name;
+	} else if (is_dev_null(second)) {
+		patch->is_new = 0;
+		patch->is_delete = 1;
+		name = find_name_traditional(state, first, NULL, state->p_value);
+		patch->old_name = name;
+	} else {
+		char *first_name;
+		first_name = find_name_traditional(state, first, NULL, state->p_value);
+		name = find_name_traditional(state, second, first_name, state->p_value);
+		free(first_name);
+		if (has_epoch_timestamp(first)) {
+			patch->is_new = 1;
+			patch->is_delete = 0;
+			patch->new_name = name;
+		} else if (has_epoch_timestamp(second)) {
+			patch->is_new = 0;
+			patch->is_delete = 1;
+			patch->old_name = name;
+		} else {
+			patch->old_name = name;
+			patch->new_name = xstrdup_or_null(name);
+		}
+	}
+	if (!name)
+		return error(_("unable to find filename in patch at line %d"), state->linenr);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int gitdiff_hdrend(struct apply_state *state,
+			  const char *line,
+			  struct patch *patch)
+{
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We're anal about diff header consistency, to make
+ * sure that we don't end up having strange ambiguous
+ * patches floating around.
+ *
+ * As a result, gitdiff_{old|new}name() will check
+ * their names against any previous information, just
+ * to make sure..
+ */
+#define DIFF_OLD_NAME 0
+#define DIFF_NEW_NAME 1
+
+static int gitdiff_verify_name(struct apply_state *state,
+			       const char *line,
+			       int isnull,
+			       char **name,
+			       int side)
+{
+	if (!*name && !isnull) {
+		*name = find_name(state, line, NULL, state->p_value, TERM_TAB);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (*name) {
+		char *another;
+		if (isnull)
+			return error(_("git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"),
+				     *name, state->linenr);
+		another = find_name(state, line, NULL, state->p_value, TERM_TAB);
+		if (!another || strcmp(another, *name)) {
+			free(another);
+			return error((side == DIFF_NEW_NAME) ?
+			    _("git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d") :
+			    _("git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"), state->linenr);
+		}
+		free(another);
+	} else {
+		if (!is_dev_null(line))
+			return error(_("git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"), state->linenr);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int gitdiff_oldname(struct apply_state *state,
+			   const char *line,
+			   struct patch *patch)
+{
+	return gitdiff_verify_name(state, line,
+				   patch->is_new, &patch->old_name,
+				   DIFF_OLD_NAME);
+}
+
+static int gitdiff_newname(struct apply_state *state,
+			   const char *line,
+			   struct patch *patch)
+{
+	return gitdiff_verify_name(state, line,
+				   patch->is_delete, &patch->new_name,
+				   DIFF_NEW_NAME);
+}
+
+static int parse_mode_line(const char *line, int linenr, unsigned int *mode)
+{
+	char *end;
+	*mode = strtoul(line, &end, 8);
+	if (end == line || !isspace(*end))
+		return error(_("invalid mode on line %d: %s"), linenr, line);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int gitdiff_oldmode(struct apply_state *state,
+			   const char *line,
+			   struct patch *patch)
+{
+	return parse_mode_line(line, state->linenr, &patch->old_mode);
+}
+
+static int gitdiff_newmode(struct apply_state *state,
+			   const char *line,
+			   struct patch *patch)
+{
+	return parse_mode_line(line, state->linenr, &patch->new_mode);
+}
+
+static int gitdiff_delete(struct apply_state *state,
+			  const char *line,
+			  struct patch *patch)
+{
+	patch->is_delete = 1;
+	free(patch->old_name);
+	patch->old_name = xstrdup_or_null(patch->def_name);
+	return gitdiff_oldmode(state, line, patch);
+}
+
+static int gitdiff_newfile(struct apply_state *state,
+			   const char *line,
+			   struct patch *patch)
+{
+	patch->is_new = 1;
+	free(patch->new_name);
+	patch->new_name = xstrdup_or_null(patch->def_name);
+	return gitdiff_newmode(state, line, patch);
+}
+
+static int gitdiff_copysrc(struct apply_state *state,
+			   const char *line,
+			   struct patch *patch)
+{
+	patch->is_copy = 1;
+	free(patch->old_name);
+	patch->old_name = find_name(state, line, NULL, state->p_value ? state->p_value - 1 : 0, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int gitdiff_copydst(struct apply_state *state,
+			   const char *line,
+			   struct patch *patch)
+{
+	patch->is_copy = 1;
+	free(patch->new_name);
+	patch->new_name = find_name(state, line, NULL, state->p_value ? state->p_value - 1 : 0, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int gitdiff_renamesrc(struct apply_state *state,
+			     const char *line,
+			     struct patch *patch)
+{
+	patch->is_rename = 1;
+	free(patch->old_name);
+	patch->old_name = find_name(state, line, NULL, state->p_value ? state->p_value - 1 : 0, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int gitdiff_renamedst(struct apply_state *state,
+			     const char *line,
+			     struct patch *patch)
+{
+	patch->is_rename = 1;
+	free(patch->new_name);
+	patch->new_name = find_name(state, line, NULL, state->p_value ? state->p_value - 1 : 0, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int gitdiff_similarity(struct apply_state *state,
+			      const char *line,
+			      struct patch *patch)
+{
+	unsigned long val = strtoul(line, NULL, 10);
+	if (val <= 100)
+		patch->score = val;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int gitdiff_dissimilarity(struct apply_state *state,
+				 const char *line,
+				 struct patch *patch)
+{
+	unsigned long val = strtoul(line, NULL, 10);
+	if (val <= 100)
+		patch->score = val;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int gitdiff_index(struct apply_state *state,
+			 const char *line,
+			 struct patch *patch)
+{
+	/*
+	 * index line is N hexadecimal, "..", N hexadecimal,
+	 * and optional space with octal mode.
+	 */
+	const char *ptr, *eol;
+	int len;
+
+	ptr = strchr(line, '.');
+	if (!ptr || ptr[1] != '.' || 40 < ptr - line)
+		return 0;
+	len = ptr - line;
+	memcpy(patch->old_sha1_prefix, line, len);
+	patch->old_sha1_prefix[len] = 0;
+
+	line = ptr + 2;
+	ptr = strchr(line, ' ');
+	eol = strchrnul(line, '\n');
+
+	if (!ptr || eol < ptr)
+		ptr = eol;
+	len = ptr - line;
+
+	if (40 < len)
+		return 0;
+	memcpy(patch->new_sha1_prefix, line, len);
+	patch->new_sha1_prefix[len] = 0;
+	if (*ptr == ' ')
+		return gitdiff_oldmode(state, ptr + 1, patch);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is normal for a diff that doesn't change anything: we'll fall through
+ * into the next diff. Tell the parser to break out.
+ */
+static int gitdiff_unrecognized(struct apply_state *state,
+				const char *line,
+				struct patch *patch)
+{
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Skip p_value leading components from "line"; as we do not accept
+ * absolute paths, return NULL in that case.
+ */
+static const char *skip_tree_prefix(struct apply_state *state,
+				    const char *line,
+				    int llen)
+{
+	int nslash;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!state->p_value)
+		return (llen && line[0] == '/') ? NULL : line;
+
+	nslash = state->p_value;
+	for (i = 0; i < llen; i++) {
+		int ch = line[i];
+		if (ch == '/' && --nslash <= 0)
+			return (i == 0) ? NULL : &line[i + 1];
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is to extract the same name that appears on "diff --git"
+ * line.  We do not find and return anything if it is a rename
+ * patch, and it is OK because we will find the name elsewhere.
+ * We need to reliably find name only when it is mode-change only,
+ * creation or deletion of an empty file.  In any of these cases,
+ * both sides are the same name under a/ and b/ respectively.
+ */
+static char *git_header_name(struct apply_state *state,
+			     const char *line,
+			     int llen)
+{
+	const char *name;
+	const char *second = NULL;
+	size_t len, line_len;
+
+	line += strlen("diff --git ");
+	llen -= strlen("diff --git ");
+
+	if (*line == '"') {
+		const char *cp;
+		struct strbuf first = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf sp = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (unquote_c_style(&first, line, &second))
+			goto free_and_fail1;
+
+		/* strip the a/b prefix including trailing slash */
+		cp = skip_tree_prefix(state, first.buf, first.len);
+		if (!cp)
+			goto free_and_fail1;
+		strbuf_remove(&first, 0, cp - first.buf);
+
+		/*
+		 * second points at one past closing dq of name.
+		 * find the second name.
+		 */
+		while ((second < line + llen) && isspace(*second))
+			second++;
+
+		if (line + llen <= second)
+			goto free_and_fail1;
+		if (*second == '"') {
+			if (unquote_c_style(&sp, second, NULL))
+				goto free_and_fail1;
+			cp = skip_tree_prefix(state, sp.buf, sp.len);
+			if (!cp)
+				goto free_and_fail1;
+			/* They must match, otherwise ignore */
+			if (strcmp(cp, first.buf))
+				goto free_and_fail1;
+			strbuf_release(&sp);
+			return strbuf_detach(&first, NULL);
+		}
+
+		/* unquoted second */
+		cp = skip_tree_prefix(state, second, line + llen - second);
+		if (!cp)
+			goto free_and_fail1;
+		if (line + llen - cp != first.len ||
+		    memcmp(first.buf, cp, first.len))
+			goto free_and_fail1;
+		return strbuf_detach(&first, NULL);
+
+	free_and_fail1:
+		strbuf_release(&first);
+		strbuf_release(&sp);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* unquoted first name */
+	name = skip_tree_prefix(state, line, llen);
+	if (!name)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * since the first name is unquoted, a dq if exists must be
+	 * the beginning of the second name.
+	 */
+	for (second = name; second < line + llen; second++) {
+		if (*second == '"') {
+			struct strbuf sp = STRBUF_INIT;
+			const char *np;
+
+			if (unquote_c_style(&sp, second, NULL))
+				goto free_and_fail2;
+
+			np = skip_tree_prefix(state, sp.buf, sp.len);
+			if (!np)
+				goto free_and_fail2;
+
+			len = sp.buf + sp.len - np;
+			if (len < second - name &&
+			    !strncmp(np, name, len) &&
+			    isspace(name[len])) {
+				/* Good */
+				strbuf_remove(&sp, 0, np - sp.buf);
+				return strbuf_detach(&sp, NULL);
+			}
+
+		free_and_fail2:
+			strbuf_release(&sp);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Accept a name only if it shows up twice, exactly the same
+	 * form.
+	 */
+	second = strchr(name, '\n');
+	if (!second)
+		return NULL;
+	line_len = second - name;
+	for (len = 0 ; ; len++) {
+		switch (name[len]) {
+		default:
+			continue;
+		case '\n':
+			return NULL;
+		case '\t': case ' ':
+			/*
+			 * Is this the separator between the preimage
+			 * and the postimage pathname?  Again, we are
+			 * only interested in the case where there is
+			 * no rename, as this is only to set def_name
+			 * and a rename patch has the names elsewhere
+			 * in an unambiguous form.
+			 */
+			if (!name[len + 1])
+				return NULL; /* no postimage name */
+			second = skip_tree_prefix(state, name + len + 1,
+						  line_len - (len + 1));
+			if (!second)
+				return NULL;
+			/*
+			 * Does len bytes starting at "name" and "second"
+			 * (that are separated by one HT or SP we just
+			 * found) exactly match?
+			 */
+			if (second[len] == '\n' && !strncmp(name, second, len))
+				return xmemdupz(name, len);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static int check_header_line(struct apply_state *state, struct patch *patch)
+{
+	int extensions = (patch->is_delete == 1) + (patch->is_new == 1) +
+			 (patch->is_rename == 1) + (patch->is_copy == 1);
+	if (extensions > 1)
+		return error(_("inconsistent header lines %d and %d"),
+			     patch->extension_linenr, state->linenr);
+	if (extensions && !patch->extension_linenr)
+		patch->extension_linenr = state->linenr;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Verify that we recognize the lines following a git header */
+static int parse_git_header(struct apply_state *state,
+			    const char *line,
+			    int len,
+			    unsigned int size,
+			    struct patch *patch)
+{
+	unsigned long offset;
+
+	/* A git diff has explicit new/delete information, so we don't guess */
+	patch->is_new = 0;
+	patch->is_delete = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Some things may not have the old name in the
+	 * rest of the headers anywhere (pure mode changes,
+	 * or removing or adding empty files), so we get
+	 * the default name from the header.
+	 */
+	patch->def_name = git_header_name(state, line, len);
+	if (patch->def_name && state->root.len) {
+		char *s = xstrfmt("%s%s", state->root.buf, patch->def_name);
+		free(patch->def_name);
+		patch->def_name = s;
+	}
+
+	line += len;
+	size -= len;
+	state->linenr++;
+	for (offset = len ; size > 0 ; offset += len, size -= len, line += len, state->linenr++) {
+		static const struct opentry {
+			const char *str;
+			int (*fn)(struct apply_state *, const char *, struct patch *);
+		} optable[] = {
+			{ "@@ -", gitdiff_hdrend },
+			{ "--- ", gitdiff_oldname },
+			{ "+++ ", gitdiff_newname },
+			{ "old mode ", gitdiff_oldmode },
+			{ "new mode ", gitdiff_newmode },
+			{ "deleted file mode ", gitdiff_delete },
+			{ "new file mode ", gitdiff_newfile },
+			{ "copy from ", gitdiff_copysrc },
+			{ "copy to ", gitdiff_copydst },
+			{ "rename old ", gitdiff_renamesrc },
+			{ "rename new ", gitdiff_renamedst },
+			{ "rename from ", gitdiff_renamesrc },
+			{ "rename to ", gitdiff_renamedst },
+			{ "similarity index ", gitdiff_similarity },
+			{ "dissimilarity index ", gitdiff_dissimilarity },
+			{ "index ", gitdiff_index },
+			{ "", gitdiff_unrecognized },
+		};
+		int i;
+
+		len = linelen(line, size);
+		if (!len || line[len-1] != '\n')
+			break;
+		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(optable); i++) {
+			const struct opentry *p = optable + i;
+			int oplen = strlen(p->str);
+			int res;
+			if (len < oplen || memcmp(p->str, line, oplen))
+				continue;
+			res = p->fn(state, line + oplen, patch);
+			if (res < 0)
+				return -1;
+			if (check_header_line(state, patch))
+				return -1;
+			if (res > 0)
+				return offset;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return offset;
+}
+
+static int parse_num(const char *line, unsigned long *p)
+{
+	char *ptr;
+
+	if (!isdigit(*line))
+		return 0;
+	*p = strtoul(line, &ptr, 10);
+	return ptr - line;
+}
+
+static int parse_range(const char *line, int len, int offset, const char *expect,
+		       unsigned long *p1, unsigned long *p2)
+{
+	int digits, ex;
+
+	if (offset < 0 || offset >= len)
+		return -1;
+	line += offset;
+	len -= offset;
+
+	digits = parse_num(line, p1);
+	if (!digits)
+		return -1;
+
+	offset += digits;
+	line += digits;
+	len -= digits;
+
+	*p2 = 1;
+	if (*line == ',') {
+		digits = parse_num(line+1, p2);
+		if (!digits)
+			return -1;
+
+		offset += digits+1;
+		line += digits+1;
+		len -= digits+1;
+	}
+
+	ex = strlen(expect);
+	if (ex > len)
+		return -1;
+	if (memcmp(line, expect, ex))
+		return -1;
+
+	return offset + ex;
+}
+
+static void recount_diff(const char *line, int size, struct fragment *fragment)
+{
+	int oldlines = 0, newlines = 0, ret = 0;
+
+	if (size < 1) {
+		warning("recount: ignore empty hunk");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	for (;;) {
+		int len = linelen(line, size);
+		size -= len;
+		line += len;
+
+		if (size < 1)
+			break;
+
+		switch (*line) {
+		case ' ': case '\n':
+			newlines++;
+			/* fall through */
+		case '-':
+			oldlines++;
+			continue;
+		case '+':
+			newlines++;
+			continue;
+		case '\\':
+			continue;
+		case '@':
+			ret = size < 3 || !starts_with(line, "@@ ");
+			break;
+		case 'd':
+			ret = size < 5 || !starts_with(line, "diff ");
+			break;
+		default:
+			ret = -1;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (ret) {
+			warning(_("recount: unexpected line: %.*s"),
+				(int)linelen(line, size), line);
+			return;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	fragment->oldlines = oldlines;
+	fragment->newlines = newlines;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse a unified diff fragment header of the
+ * form "@@ -a,b +c,d @@"
+ */
+static int parse_fragment_header(const char *line, int len, struct fragment *fragment)
+{
+	int offset;
+
+	if (!len || line[len-1] != '\n')
+		return -1;
+
+	/* Figure out the number of lines in a fragment */
+	offset = parse_range(line, len, 4, " +", &fragment->oldpos, &fragment->oldlines);
+	offset = parse_range(line, len, offset, " @@", &fragment->newpos, &fragment->newlines);
+
+	return offset;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find file diff header
+ *
+ * Returns:
+ *  -1 if no header was found
+ *  -128 in case of error
+ *   the size of the header in bytes (called "offset") otherwise
+ */
+static int find_header(struct apply_state *state,
+		       const char *line,
+		       unsigned long size,
+		       int *hdrsize,
+		       struct patch *patch)
+{
+	unsigned long offset, len;
+
+	patch->is_toplevel_relative = 0;
+	patch->is_rename = patch->is_copy = 0;
+	patch->is_new = patch->is_delete = -1;
+	patch->old_mode = patch->new_mode = 0;
+	patch->old_name = patch->new_name = NULL;
+	for (offset = 0; size > 0; offset += len, size -= len, line += len, state->linenr++) {
+		unsigned long nextlen;
+
+		len = linelen(line, size);
+		if (!len)
+			break;
+
+		/* Testing this early allows us to take a few shortcuts.. */
+		if (len < 6)
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * Make sure we don't find any unconnected patch fragments.
+		 * That's a sign that we didn't find a header, and that a
+		 * patch has become corrupted/broken up.
+		 */
+		if (!memcmp("@@ -", line, 4)) {
+			struct fragment dummy;
+			if (parse_fragment_header(line, len, &dummy) < 0)
+				continue;
+			error(_("patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"),
+				     state->linenr, (int)len-1, line);
+			return -128;
+		}
+
+		if (size < len + 6)
+			break;
+
+		/*
+		 * Git patch? It might not have a real patch, just a rename
+		 * or mode change, so we handle that specially
+		 */
+		if (!memcmp("diff --git ", line, 11)) {
+			int git_hdr_len = parse_git_header(state, line, len, size, patch);
+			if (git_hdr_len < 0)
+				return -128;
+			if (git_hdr_len <= len)
+				continue;
+			if (!patch->old_name && !patch->new_name) {
+				if (!patch->def_name) {
+					error(Q_("git diff header lacks filename information when removing "
+							"%d leading pathname component (line %d)",
+							"git diff header lacks filename information when removing "
+							"%d leading pathname components (line %d)",
+							state->p_value),
+						     state->p_value, state->linenr);
+					return -128;
+				}
+				patch->old_name = xstrdup(patch->def_name);
+				patch->new_name = xstrdup(patch->def_name);
+			}
+			if ((!patch->new_name && !patch->is_delete) ||
+			    (!patch->old_name && !patch->is_new)) {
+				error(_("git diff header lacks filename information "
+					     "(line %d)"), state->linenr);
+				return -128;
+			}
+			patch->is_toplevel_relative = 1;
+			*hdrsize = git_hdr_len;
+			return offset;
+		}
+
+		/* --- followed by +++ ? */
+		if (memcmp("--- ", line,  4) || memcmp("+++ ", line + len, 4))
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * We only accept unified patches, so we want it to
+		 * at least have "@@ -a,b +c,d @@\n", which is 14 chars
+		 * minimum ("@@ -0,0 +1 @@\n" is the shortest).
+		 */
+		nextlen = linelen(line + len, size - len);
+		if (size < nextlen + 14 || memcmp("@@ -", line + len + nextlen, 4))
+			continue;
+
+		/* Ok, we'll consider it a patch */
+		if (parse_traditional_patch(state, line, line+len, patch))
+			return -128;
+		*hdrsize = len + nextlen;
+		state->linenr += 2;
+		return offset;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static void record_ws_error(struct apply_state *state,
+			    unsigned result,
+			    const char *line,
+			    int len,
+			    int linenr)
+{
+	char *err;
+
+	if (!result)
+		return;
+
+	state->whitespace_error++;
+	if (state->squelch_whitespace_errors &&
+	    state->squelch_whitespace_errors < state->whitespace_error)
+		return;
+
+	err = whitespace_error_string(result);
+	if (state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_silent)
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: %s.\n%.*s\n",
+			state->patch_input_file, linenr, err, len, line);
+	free(err);
+}
+
+static void check_whitespace(struct apply_state *state,
+			     const char *line,
+			     int len,
+			     unsigned ws_rule)
+{
+	unsigned result = ws_check(line + 1, len - 1, ws_rule);
+
+	record_ws_error(state, result, line + 1, len - 2, state->linenr);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check if the patch has context lines with CRLF or
+ * the patch wants to remove lines with CRLF.
+ */
+static void check_old_for_crlf(struct patch *patch, const char *line, int len)
+{
+	if (len >= 2 && line[len-1] == '\n' && line[len-2] == '\r') {
+		patch->ws_rule |= WS_CR_AT_EOL;
+		patch->crlf_in_old = 1;
+	}
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Parse a unified diff. Note that this really needs to parse each
+ * fragment separately, since the only way to know the difference
+ * between a "---" that is part of a patch, and a "---" that starts
+ * the next patch is to look at the line counts..
+ */
+static int parse_fragment(struct apply_state *state,
+			  const char *line,
+			  unsigned long size,
+			  struct patch *patch,
+			  struct fragment *fragment)
+{
+	int added, deleted;
+	int len = linelen(line, size), offset;
+	unsigned long oldlines, newlines;
+	unsigned long leading, trailing;
+
+	offset = parse_fragment_header(line, len, fragment);
+	if (offset < 0)
+		return -1;
+	if (offset > 0 && patch->recount)
+		recount_diff(line + offset, size - offset, fragment);
+	oldlines = fragment->oldlines;
+	newlines = fragment->newlines;
+	leading = 0;
+	trailing = 0;
+
+	/* Parse the thing.. */
+	line += len;
+	size -= len;
+	state->linenr++;
+	added = deleted = 0;
+	for (offset = len;
+	     0 < size;
+	     offset += len, size -= len, line += len, state->linenr++) {
+		if (!oldlines && !newlines)
+			break;
+		len = linelen(line, size);
+		if (!len || line[len-1] != '\n')
+			return -1;
+		switch (*line) {
+		default:
+			return -1;
+		case '\n': /* newer GNU diff, an empty context line */
+		case ' ':
+			oldlines--;
+			newlines--;
+			if (!deleted && !added)
+				leading++;
+			trailing++;
+			check_old_for_crlf(patch, line, len);
+			if (!state->apply_in_reverse &&
+			    state->ws_error_action == correct_ws_error)
+				check_whitespace(state, line, len, patch->ws_rule);
+			break;
+		case '-':
+			if (!state->apply_in_reverse)
+				check_old_for_crlf(patch, line, len);
+			if (state->apply_in_reverse &&
+			    state->ws_error_action != nowarn_ws_error)
+				check_whitespace(state, line, len, patch->ws_rule);
+			deleted++;
+			oldlines--;
+			trailing = 0;
+			break;
+		case '+':
+			if (state->apply_in_reverse)
+				check_old_for_crlf(patch, line, len);
+			if (!state->apply_in_reverse &&
+			    state->ws_error_action != nowarn_ws_error)
+				check_whitespace(state, line, len, patch->ws_rule);
+			added++;
+			newlines--;
+			trailing = 0;
+			break;
+
+		/*
+		 * We allow "\ No newline at end of file". Depending
+		 * on locale settings when the patch was produced we
+		 * don't know what this line looks like. The only
+		 * thing we do know is that it begins with "\ ".
+		 * Checking for 12 is just for sanity check -- any
+		 * l10n of "\ No newline..." is at least that long.
+		 */
+		case '\\':
+			if (len < 12 || memcmp(line, "\\ ", 2))
+				return -1;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	if (oldlines || newlines)
+		return -1;
+	if (!deleted && !added)
+		return -1;
+
+	fragment->leading = leading;
+	fragment->trailing = trailing;
+
+	/*
+	 * If a fragment ends with an incomplete line, we failed to include
+	 * it in the above loop because we hit oldlines == newlines == 0
+	 * before seeing it.
+	 */
+	if (12 < size && !memcmp(line, "\\ ", 2))
+		offset += linelen(line, size);
+
+	patch->lines_added += added;
+	patch->lines_deleted += deleted;
+
+	if (0 < patch->is_new && oldlines)
+		return error(_("new file depends on old contents"));
+	if (0 < patch->is_delete && newlines)
+		return error(_("deleted file still has contents"));
+	return offset;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We have seen "diff --git a/... b/..." header (or a traditional patch
+ * header).  Read hunks that belong to this patch into fragments and hang
+ * them to the given patch structure.
+ *
+ * The (fragment->patch, fragment->size) pair points into the memory given
+ * by the caller, not a copy, when we return.
+ *
+ * Returns:
+ *   -1 in case of error,
+ *   the number of bytes in the patch otherwise.
+ */
+static int parse_single_patch(struct apply_state *state,
+			      const char *line,
+			      unsigned long size,
+			      struct patch *patch)
+{
+	unsigned long offset = 0;
+	unsigned long oldlines = 0, newlines = 0, context = 0;
+	struct fragment **fragp = &patch->fragments;
+
+	while (size > 4 && !memcmp(line, "@@ -", 4)) {
+		struct fragment *fragment;
+		int len;
+
+		fragment = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*fragment));
+		fragment->linenr = state->linenr;
+		len = parse_fragment(state, line, size, patch, fragment);
+		if (len <= 0) {
+			free(fragment);
+			return error(_("corrupt patch at line %d"), state->linenr);
+		}
+		fragment->patch = line;
+		fragment->size = len;
+		oldlines += fragment->oldlines;
+		newlines += fragment->newlines;
+		context += fragment->leading + fragment->trailing;
+
+		*fragp = fragment;
+		fragp = &fragment->next;
+
+		offset += len;
+		line += len;
+		size -= len;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If something was removed (i.e. we have old-lines) it cannot
+	 * be creation, and if something was added it cannot be
+	 * deletion.  However, the reverse is not true; --unified=0
+	 * patches that only add are not necessarily creation even
+	 * though they do not have any old lines, and ones that only
+	 * delete are not necessarily deletion.
+	 *
+	 * Unfortunately, a real creation/deletion patch do _not_ have
+	 * any context line by definition, so we cannot safely tell it
+	 * apart with --unified=0 insanity.  At least if the patch has
+	 * more than one hunk it is not creation or deletion.
+	 */
+	if (patch->is_new < 0 &&
+	    (oldlines || (patch->fragments && patch->fragments->next)))
+		patch->is_new = 0;
+	if (patch->is_delete < 0 &&
+	    (newlines || (patch->fragments && patch->fragments->next)))
+		patch->is_delete = 0;
+
+	if (0 < patch->is_new && oldlines)
+		return error(_("new file %s depends on old contents"), patch->new_name);
+	if (0 < patch->is_delete && newlines)
+		return error(_("deleted file %s still has contents"), patch->old_name);
+	if (!patch->is_delete && !newlines && context && state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_silent)
+		fprintf_ln(stderr,
+			   _("** warning: "
+			     "file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"),
+			   patch->new_name);
+
+	return offset;
+}
+
+static inline int metadata_changes(struct patch *patch)
+{
+	return	patch->is_rename > 0 ||
+		patch->is_copy > 0 ||
+		patch->is_new > 0 ||
+		patch->is_delete ||
+		(patch->old_mode && patch->new_mode &&
+		 patch->old_mode != patch->new_mode);
+}
+
+static char *inflate_it(const void *data, unsigned long size,
+			unsigned long inflated_size)
+{
+	git_zstream stream;
+	void *out;
+	int st;
+
+	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
+
+	stream.next_in = (unsigned char *)data;
+	stream.avail_in = size;
+	stream.next_out = out = xmalloc(inflated_size);
+	stream.avail_out = inflated_size;
+	git_inflate_init(&stream);
+	st = git_inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
+	if ((st != Z_STREAM_END) || stream.total_out != inflated_size) {
+		free(out);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	return out;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read a binary hunk and return a new fragment; fragment->patch
+ * points at an allocated memory that the caller must free, so
+ * it is marked as "->free_patch = 1".
+ */
+static struct fragment *parse_binary_hunk(struct apply_state *state,
+					  char **buf_p,
+					  unsigned long *sz_p,
+					  int *status_p,
+					  int *used_p)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Expect a line that begins with binary patch method ("literal"
+	 * or "delta"), followed by the length of data before deflating.
+	 * a sequence of 'length-byte' followed by base-85 encoded data
+	 * should follow, terminated by a newline.
+	 *
+	 * Each 5-byte sequence of base-85 encodes up to 4 bytes,
+	 * and we would limit the patch line to 66 characters,
+	 * so one line can fit up to 13 groups that would decode
+	 * to 52 bytes max.  The length byte 'A'-'Z' corresponds
+	 * to 1-26 bytes, and 'a'-'z' corresponds to 27-52 bytes.
+	 */
+	int llen, used;
+	unsigned long size = *sz_p;
+	char *buffer = *buf_p;
+	int patch_method;
+	unsigned long origlen;
+	char *data = NULL;
+	int hunk_size = 0;
+	struct fragment *frag;
+
+	llen = linelen(buffer, size);
+	used = llen;
+
+	*status_p = 0;
+
+	if (starts_with(buffer, "delta ")) {
+		patch_method = BINARY_DELTA_DEFLATED;
+		origlen = strtoul(buffer + 6, NULL, 10);
+	}
+	else if (starts_with(buffer, "literal ")) {
+		patch_method = BINARY_LITERAL_DEFLATED;
+		origlen = strtoul(buffer + 8, NULL, 10);
+	}
+	else
+		return NULL;
+
+	state->linenr++;
+	buffer += llen;
+	while (1) {
+		int byte_length, max_byte_length, newsize;
+		llen = linelen(buffer, size);
+		used += llen;
+		state->linenr++;
+		if (llen == 1) {
+			/* consume the blank line */
+			buffer++;
+			size--;
+			break;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Minimum line is "A00000\n" which is 7-byte long,
+		 * and the line length must be multiple of 5 plus 2.
+		 */
+		if ((llen < 7) || (llen-2) % 5)
+			goto corrupt;
+		max_byte_length = (llen - 2) / 5 * 4;
+		byte_length = *buffer;
+		if ('A' <= byte_length && byte_length <= 'Z')
+			byte_length = byte_length - 'A' + 1;
+		else if ('a' <= byte_length && byte_length <= 'z')
+			byte_length = byte_length - 'a' + 27;
+		else
+			goto corrupt;
+		/* if the input length was not multiple of 4, we would
+		 * have filler at the end but the filler should never
+		 * exceed 3 bytes
+		 */
+		if (max_byte_length < byte_length ||
+		    byte_length <= max_byte_length - 4)
+			goto corrupt;
+		newsize = hunk_size + byte_length;
+		data = xrealloc(data, newsize);
+		if (decode_85(data + hunk_size, buffer + 1, byte_length))
+			goto corrupt;
+		hunk_size = newsize;
+		buffer += llen;
+		size -= llen;
+	}
+
+	frag = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*frag));
+	frag->patch = inflate_it(data, hunk_size, origlen);
+	frag->free_patch = 1;
+	if (!frag->patch)
+		goto corrupt;
+	free(data);
+	frag->size = origlen;
+	*buf_p = buffer;
+	*sz_p = size;
+	*used_p = used;
+	frag->binary_patch_method = patch_method;
+	return frag;
+
+ corrupt:
+	free(data);
+	*status_p = -1;
+	error(_("corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"),
+	      state->linenr-1, llen-1, buffer);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns:
+ *   -1 in case of error,
+ *   the length of the parsed binary patch otherwise
+ */
+static int parse_binary(struct apply_state *state,
+			char *buffer,
+			unsigned long size,
+			struct patch *patch)
+{
+	/*
+	 * We have read "GIT binary patch\n"; what follows is a line
+	 * that says the patch method (currently, either "literal" or
+	 * "delta") and the length of data before deflating; a
+	 * sequence of 'length-byte' followed by base-85 encoded data
+	 * follows.
+	 *
+	 * When a binary patch is reversible, there is another binary
+	 * hunk in the same format, starting with patch method (either
+	 * "literal" or "delta") with the length of data, and a sequence
+	 * of length-byte + base-85 encoded data, terminated with another
+	 * empty line.  This data, when applied to the postimage, produces
+	 * the preimage.
+	 */
+	struct fragment *forward;
+	struct fragment *reverse;
+	int status;
+	int used, used_1;
+
+	forward = parse_binary_hunk(state, &buffer, &size, &status, &used);
+	if (!forward && !status)
+		/* there has to be one hunk (forward hunk) */
+		return error(_("unrecognized binary patch at line %d"), state->linenr-1);
+	if (status)
+		/* otherwise we already gave an error message */
+		return status;
+
+	reverse = parse_binary_hunk(state, &buffer, &size, &status, &used_1);
+	if (reverse)
+		used += used_1;
+	else if (status) {
+		/*
+		 * Not having reverse hunk is not an error, but having
+		 * a corrupt reverse hunk is.
+		 */
+		free((void*) forward->patch);
+		free(forward);
+		return status;
+	}
+	forward->next = reverse;
+	patch->fragments = forward;
+	patch->is_binary = 1;
+	return used;
+}
+
+static void prefix_one(struct apply_state *state, char **name)
+{
+	char *old_name = *name;
+	if (!old_name)
+		return;
+	*name = prefix_filename(state->prefix, *name);
+	free(old_name);
+}
+
+static void prefix_patch(struct apply_state *state, struct patch *p)
+{
+	if (!state->prefix || p->is_toplevel_relative)
+		return;
+	prefix_one(state, &p->new_name);
+	prefix_one(state, &p->old_name);
+}
+
+/*
+ * include/exclude
+ */
+
+static void add_name_limit(struct apply_state *state,
+			   const char *name,
+			   int exclude)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *it;
+
+	it = string_list_append(&state->limit_by_name, name);
+	it->util = exclude ? NULL : (void *) 1;
+}
+
+static int use_patch(struct apply_state *state, struct patch *p)
+{
+	const char *pathname = p->new_name ? p->new_name : p->old_name;
+	int i;
+
+	/* Paths outside are not touched regardless of "--include" */
+	if (state->prefix && *state->prefix) {
+		const char *rest;
+		if (!skip_prefix(pathname, state->prefix, &rest) || !*rest)
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* See if it matches any of exclude/include rule */
+	for (i = 0; i < state->limit_by_name.nr; i++) {
+		struct string_list_item *it = &state->limit_by_name.items[i];
+		if (!wildmatch(it->string, pathname, 0))
+			return (it->util != NULL);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we had any include, a path that does not match any rule is
+	 * not used.  Otherwise, we saw bunch of exclude rules (or none)
+	 * and such a path is used.
+	 */
+	return !state->has_include;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read the patch text in "buffer" that extends for "size" bytes; stop
+ * reading after seeing a single patch (i.e. changes to a single file).
+ * Create fragments (i.e. patch hunks) and hang them to the given patch.
+ *
+ * Returns:
+ *   -1 if no header was found or parse_binary() failed,
+ *   -128 on another error,
+ *   the number of bytes consumed otherwise,
+ *     so that the caller can call us again for the next patch.
+ */
+static int parse_chunk(struct apply_state *state, char *buffer, unsigned long size, struct patch *patch)
+{
+	int hdrsize, patchsize;
+	int offset = find_header(state, buffer, size, &hdrsize, patch);
+
+	if (offset < 0)
+		return offset;
+
+	prefix_patch(state, patch);
+
+	if (!use_patch(state, patch))
+		patch->ws_rule = 0;
+	else
+		patch->ws_rule = whitespace_rule(patch->new_name
+						 ? patch->new_name
+						 : patch->old_name);
+
+	patchsize = parse_single_patch(state,
+				       buffer + offset + hdrsize,
+				       size - offset - hdrsize,
+				       patch);
+
+	if (patchsize < 0)
+		return -128;
+
+	if (!patchsize) {
+		static const char git_binary[] = "GIT binary patch\n";
+		int hd = hdrsize + offset;
+		unsigned long llen = linelen(buffer + hd, size - hd);
+
+		if (llen == sizeof(git_binary) - 1 &&
+		    !memcmp(git_binary, buffer + hd, llen)) {
+			int used;
+			state->linenr++;
+			used = parse_binary(state, buffer + hd + llen,
+					    size - hd - llen, patch);
+			if (used < 0)
+				return -1;
+			if (used)
+				patchsize = used + llen;
+			else
+				patchsize = 0;
+		}
+		else if (!memcmp(" differ\n", buffer + hd + llen - 8, 8)) {
+			static const char *binhdr[] = {
+				"Binary files ",
+				"Files ",
+				NULL,
+			};
+			int i;
+			for (i = 0; binhdr[i]; i++) {
+				int len = strlen(binhdr[i]);
+				if (len < size - hd &&
+				    !memcmp(binhdr[i], buffer + hd, len)) {
+					state->linenr++;
+					patch->is_binary = 1;
+					patchsize = llen;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		/* Empty patch cannot be applied if it is a text patch
+		 * without metadata change.  A binary patch appears
+		 * empty to us here.
+		 */
+		if ((state->apply || state->check) &&
+		    (!patch->is_binary && !metadata_changes(patch))) {
+			error(_("patch with only garbage at line %d"), state->linenr);
+			return -128;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return offset + hdrsize + patchsize;
+}
+
+static void reverse_patches(struct patch *p)
+{
+	for (; p; p = p->next) {
+		struct fragment *frag = p->fragments;
+
+		SWAP(p->new_name, p->old_name);
+		SWAP(p->new_mode, p->old_mode);
+		SWAP(p->is_new, p->is_delete);
+		SWAP(p->lines_added, p->lines_deleted);
+		SWAP(p->old_sha1_prefix, p->new_sha1_prefix);
+
+		for (; frag; frag = frag->next) {
+			SWAP(frag->newpos, frag->oldpos);
+			SWAP(frag->newlines, frag->oldlines);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static const char pluses[] =
+"++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++";
+static const char minuses[]=
+"----------------------------------------------------------------------";
+
+static void show_stats(struct apply_state *state, struct patch *patch)
+{
+	struct strbuf qname = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *cp = patch->new_name ? patch->new_name : patch->old_name;
+	int max, add, del;
+
+	quote_c_style(cp, &qname, NULL, 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * "scale" the filename
+	 */
+	max = state->max_len;
+	if (max > 50)
+		max = 50;
+
+	if (qname.len > max) {
+		cp = strchr(qname.buf + qname.len + 3 - max, '/');
+		if (!cp)
+			cp = qname.buf + qname.len + 3 - max;
+		strbuf_splice(&qname, 0, cp - qname.buf, "...", 3);
+	}
+
+	if (patch->is_binary) {
+		printf(" %-*s |  Bin\n", max, qname.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&qname);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	printf(" %-*s |", max, qname.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&qname);
+
+	/*
+	 * scale the add/delete
+	 */
+	max = max + state->max_change > 70 ? 70 - max : state->max_change;
+	add = patch->lines_added;
+	del = patch->lines_deleted;
+
+	if (state->max_change > 0) {
+		int total = ((add + del) * max + state->max_change / 2) / state->max_change;
+		add = (add * max + state->max_change / 2) / state->max_change;
+		del = total - add;
+	}
+	printf("%5d %.*s%.*s\n", patch->lines_added + patch->lines_deleted,
+		add, pluses, del, minuses);
+}
+
+static int read_old_data(struct stat *st, struct patch *patch,
+			 const char *path, struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	int conv_flags = patch->crlf_in_old ?
+		CONV_EOL_KEEP_CRLF : CONV_EOL_RENORMALIZE;
+	switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
+	case S_IFLNK:
+		if (strbuf_readlink(buf, path, st->st_size) < 0)
+			return error(_("unable to read symlink %s"), path);
+		return 0;
+	case S_IFREG:
+		if (strbuf_read_file(buf, path, st->st_size) != st->st_size)
+			return error(_("unable to open or read %s"), path);
+		/*
+		 * "git apply" without "--index/--cached" should never look
+		 * at the index; the target file may not have been added to
+		 * the index yet, and we may not even be in any Git repository.
+		 * Pass NULL to convert_to_git() to stress this; the function
+		 * should never look at the index when explicit crlf option
+		 * is given.
+		 */
+		convert_to_git(NULL, path, buf->buf, buf->len, buf, conv_flags);
+		return 0;
+	default:
+		return -1;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Update the preimage, and the common lines in postimage,
+ * from buffer buf of length len. If postlen is 0 the postimage
+ * is updated in place, otherwise it's updated on a new buffer
+ * of length postlen
+ */
+
+static void update_pre_post_images(struct image *preimage,
+				   struct image *postimage,
+				   char *buf,
+				   size_t len, size_t postlen)
+{
+	int i, ctx, reduced;
+	char *new_buf, *old_buf, *fixed;
+	struct image fixed_preimage;
+
+	/*
+	 * Update the preimage with whitespace fixes.  Note that we
+	 * are not losing preimage->buf -- apply_one_fragment() will
+	 * free "oldlines".
+	 */
+	prepare_image(&fixed_preimage, buf, len, 1);
+	assert(postlen
+	       ? fixed_preimage.nr == preimage->nr
+	       : fixed_preimage.nr <= preimage->nr);
+	for (i = 0; i < fixed_preimage.nr; i++)
+		fixed_preimage.line[i].flag = preimage->line[i].flag;
+	free(preimage->line_allocated);
+	*preimage = fixed_preimage;
+
+	/*
+	 * Adjust the common context lines in postimage. This can be
+	 * done in-place when we are shrinking it with whitespace
+	 * fixing, but needs a new buffer when ignoring whitespace or
+	 * expanding leading tabs to spaces.
+	 *
+	 * We trust the caller to tell us if the update can be done
+	 * in place (postlen==0) or not.
+	 */
+	old_buf = postimage->buf;
+	if (postlen)
+		new_buf = postimage->buf = xmalloc(postlen);
+	else
+		new_buf = old_buf;
+	fixed = preimage->buf;
+
+	for (i = reduced = ctx = 0; i < postimage->nr; i++) {
+		size_t l_len = postimage->line[i].len;
+		if (!(postimage->line[i].flag & LINE_COMMON)) {
+			/* an added line -- no counterparts in preimage */
+			memmove(new_buf, old_buf, l_len);
+			old_buf += l_len;
+			new_buf += l_len;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* a common context -- skip it in the original postimage */
+		old_buf += l_len;
+
+		/* and find the corresponding one in the fixed preimage */
+		while (ctx < preimage->nr &&
+		       !(preimage->line[ctx].flag & LINE_COMMON)) {
+			fixed += preimage->line[ctx].len;
+			ctx++;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * preimage is expected to run out, if the caller
+		 * fixed addition of trailing blank lines.
+		 */
+		if (preimage->nr <= ctx) {
+			reduced++;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* and copy it in, while fixing the line length */
+		l_len = preimage->line[ctx].len;
+		memcpy(new_buf, fixed, l_len);
+		new_buf += l_len;
+		fixed += l_len;
+		postimage->line[i].len = l_len;
+		ctx++;
+	}
+
+	if (postlen
+	    ? postlen < new_buf - postimage->buf
+	    : postimage->len < new_buf - postimage->buf)
+		BUG("caller miscounted postlen: asked %d, orig = %d, used = %d",
+		    (int)postlen, (int) postimage->len, (int)(new_buf - postimage->buf));
+
+	/* Fix the length of the whole thing */
+	postimage->len = new_buf - postimage->buf;
+	postimage->nr -= reduced;
+}
+
+static int line_by_line_fuzzy_match(struct image *img,
+				    struct image *preimage,
+				    struct image *postimage,
+				    unsigned long current,
+				    int current_lno,
+				    int preimage_limit)
+{
+	int i;
+	size_t imgoff = 0;
+	size_t preoff = 0;
+	size_t postlen = postimage->len;
+	size_t extra_chars;
+	char *buf;
+	char *preimage_eof;
+	char *preimage_end;
+	struct strbuf fixed;
+	char *fixed_buf;
+	size_t fixed_len;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < preimage_limit; i++) {
+		size_t prelen = preimage->line[i].len;
+		size_t imglen = img->line[current_lno+i].len;
+
+		if (!fuzzy_matchlines(img->buf + current + imgoff, imglen,
+				      preimage->buf + preoff, prelen))
+			return 0;
+		if (preimage->line[i].flag & LINE_COMMON)
+			postlen += imglen - prelen;
+		imgoff += imglen;
+		preoff += prelen;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Ok, the preimage matches with whitespace fuzz.
+	 *
+	 * imgoff now holds the true length of the target that
+	 * matches the preimage before the end of the file.
+	 *
+	 * Count the number of characters in the preimage that fall
+	 * beyond the end of the file and make sure that all of them
+	 * are whitespace characters. (This can only happen if
+	 * we are removing blank lines at the end of the file.)
+	 */
+	buf = preimage_eof = preimage->buf + preoff;
+	for ( ; i < preimage->nr; i++)
+		preoff += preimage->line[i].len;
+	preimage_end = preimage->buf + preoff;
+	for ( ; buf < preimage_end; buf++)
+		if (!isspace(*buf))
+			return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Update the preimage and the common postimage context
+	 * lines to use the same whitespace as the target.
+	 * If whitespace is missing in the target (i.e.
+	 * if the preimage extends beyond the end of the file),
+	 * use the whitespace from the preimage.
+	 */
+	extra_chars = preimage_end - preimage_eof;
+	strbuf_init(&fixed, imgoff + extra_chars);
+	strbuf_add(&fixed, img->buf + current, imgoff);
+	strbuf_add(&fixed, preimage_eof, extra_chars);
+	fixed_buf = strbuf_detach(&fixed, &fixed_len);
+	update_pre_post_images(preimage, postimage,
+			       fixed_buf, fixed_len, postlen);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int match_fragment(struct apply_state *state,
+			  struct image *img,
+			  struct image *preimage,
+			  struct image *postimage,
+			  unsigned long current,
+			  int current_lno,
+			  unsigned ws_rule,
+			  int match_beginning, int match_end)
+{
+	int i;
+	char *fixed_buf, *buf, *orig, *target;
+	struct strbuf fixed;
+	size_t fixed_len, postlen;
+	int preimage_limit;
+
+	if (preimage->nr + current_lno <= img->nr) {
+		/*
+		 * The hunk falls within the boundaries of img.
+		 */
+		preimage_limit = preimage->nr;
+		if (match_end && (preimage->nr + current_lno != img->nr))
+			return 0;
+	} else if (state->ws_error_action == correct_ws_error &&
+		   (ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF)) {
+		/*
+		 * This hunk extends beyond the end of img, and we are
+		 * removing blank lines at the end of the file.  This
+		 * many lines from the beginning of the preimage must
+		 * match with img, and the remainder of the preimage
+		 * must be blank.
+		 */
+		preimage_limit = img->nr - current_lno;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * The hunk extends beyond the end of the img and
+		 * we are not removing blanks at the end, so we
+		 * should reject the hunk at this position.
+		 */
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (match_beginning && current_lno)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Quick hash check */
+	for (i = 0; i < preimage_limit; i++)
+		if ((img->line[current_lno + i].flag & LINE_PATCHED) ||
+		    (preimage->line[i].hash != img->line[current_lno + i].hash))
+			return 0;
+
+	if (preimage_limit == preimage->nr) {
+		/*
+		 * Do we have an exact match?  If we were told to match
+		 * at the end, size must be exactly at current+fragsize,
+		 * otherwise current+fragsize must be still within the preimage,
+		 * and either case, the old piece should match the preimage
+		 * exactly.
+		 */
+		if ((match_end
+		     ? (current + preimage->len == img->len)
+		     : (current + preimage->len <= img->len)) &&
+		    !memcmp(img->buf + current, preimage->buf, preimage->len))
+			return 1;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * The preimage extends beyond the end of img, so
+		 * there cannot be an exact match.
+		 *
+		 * There must be one non-blank context line that match
+		 * a line before the end of img.
+		 */
+		char *buf_end;
+
+		buf = preimage->buf;
+		buf_end = buf;
+		for (i = 0; i < preimage_limit; i++)
+			buf_end += preimage->line[i].len;
+
+		for ( ; buf < buf_end; buf++)
+			if (!isspace(*buf))
+				break;
+		if (buf == buf_end)
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * No exact match. If we are ignoring whitespace, run a line-by-line
+	 * fuzzy matching. We collect all the line length information because
+	 * we need it to adjust whitespace if we match.
+	 */
+	if (state->ws_ignore_action == ignore_ws_change)
+		return line_by_line_fuzzy_match(img, preimage, postimage,
+						current, current_lno, preimage_limit);
+
+	if (state->ws_error_action != correct_ws_error)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * The hunk does not apply byte-by-byte, but the hash says
+	 * it might with whitespace fuzz. We weren't asked to
+	 * ignore whitespace, we were asked to correct whitespace
+	 * errors, so let's try matching after whitespace correction.
+	 *
+	 * While checking the preimage against the target, whitespace
+	 * errors in both fixed, we count how large the corresponding
+	 * postimage needs to be.  The postimage prepared by
+	 * apply_one_fragment() has whitespace errors fixed on added
+	 * lines already, but the common lines were propagated as-is,
+	 * which may become longer when their whitespace errors are
+	 * fixed.
+	 */
+
+	/* First count added lines in postimage */
+	postlen = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < postimage->nr; i++) {
+		if (!(postimage->line[i].flag & LINE_COMMON))
+			postlen += postimage->line[i].len;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * The preimage may extend beyond the end of the file,
+	 * but in this loop we will only handle the part of the
+	 * preimage that falls within the file.
+	 */
+	strbuf_init(&fixed, preimage->len + 1);
+	orig = preimage->buf;
+	target = img->buf + current;
+	for (i = 0; i < preimage_limit; i++) {
+		size_t oldlen = preimage->line[i].len;
+		size_t tgtlen = img->line[current_lno + i].len;
+		size_t fixstart = fixed.len;
+		struct strbuf tgtfix;
+		int match;
+
+		/* Try fixing the line in the preimage */
+		ws_fix_copy(&fixed, orig, oldlen, ws_rule, NULL);
+
+		/* Try fixing the line in the target */
+		strbuf_init(&tgtfix, tgtlen);
+		ws_fix_copy(&tgtfix, target, tgtlen, ws_rule, NULL);
+
+		/*
+		 * If they match, either the preimage was based on
+		 * a version before our tree fixed whitespace breakage,
+		 * or we are lacking a whitespace-fix patch the tree
+		 * the preimage was based on already had (i.e. target
+		 * has whitespace breakage, the preimage doesn't).
+		 * In either case, we are fixing the whitespace breakages
+		 * so we might as well take the fix together with their
+		 * real change.
+		 */
+		match = (tgtfix.len == fixed.len - fixstart &&
+			 !memcmp(tgtfix.buf, fixed.buf + fixstart,
+					     fixed.len - fixstart));
+
+		/* Add the length if this is common with the postimage */
+		if (preimage->line[i].flag & LINE_COMMON)
+			postlen += tgtfix.len;
+
+		strbuf_release(&tgtfix);
+		if (!match)
+			goto unmatch_exit;
+
+		orig += oldlen;
+		target += tgtlen;
+	}
+
+
+	/*
+	 * Now handle the lines in the preimage that falls beyond the
+	 * end of the file (if any). They will only match if they are
+	 * empty or only contain whitespace (if WS_BLANK_AT_EOL is
+	 * false).
+	 */
+	for ( ; i < preimage->nr; i++) {
+		size_t fixstart = fixed.len; /* start of the fixed preimage */
+		size_t oldlen = preimage->line[i].len;
+		int j;
+
+		/* Try fixing the line in the preimage */
+		ws_fix_copy(&fixed, orig, oldlen, ws_rule, NULL);
+
+		for (j = fixstart; j < fixed.len; j++)
+			if (!isspace(fixed.buf[j]))
+				goto unmatch_exit;
+
+		orig += oldlen;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Yes, the preimage is based on an older version that still
+	 * has whitespace breakages unfixed, and fixing them makes the
+	 * hunk match.  Update the context lines in the postimage.
+	 */
+	fixed_buf = strbuf_detach(&fixed, &fixed_len);
+	if (postlen < postimage->len)
+		postlen = 0;
+	update_pre_post_images(preimage, postimage,
+			       fixed_buf, fixed_len, postlen);
+	return 1;
+
+ unmatch_exit:
+	strbuf_release(&fixed);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int find_pos(struct apply_state *state,
+		    struct image *img,
+		    struct image *preimage,
+		    struct image *postimage,
+		    int line,
+		    unsigned ws_rule,
+		    int match_beginning, int match_end)
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned long backwards, forwards, current;
+	int backwards_lno, forwards_lno, current_lno;
+
+	/*
+	 * If match_beginning or match_end is specified, there is no
+	 * point starting from a wrong line that will never match and
+	 * wander around and wait for a match at the specified end.
+	 */
+	if (match_beginning)
+		line = 0;
+	else if (match_end)
+		line = img->nr - preimage->nr;
+
+	/*
+	 * Because the comparison is unsigned, the following test
+	 * will also take care of a negative line number that can
+	 * result when match_end and preimage is larger than the target.
+	 */
+	if ((size_t) line > img->nr)
+		line = img->nr;
+
+	current = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < line; i++)
+		current += img->line[i].len;
+
+	/*
+	 * There's probably some smart way to do this, but I'll leave
+	 * that to the smart and beautiful people. I'm simple and stupid.
+	 */
+	backwards = current;
+	backwards_lno = line;
+	forwards = current;
+	forwards_lno = line;
+	current_lno = line;
+
+	for (i = 0; ; i++) {
+		if (match_fragment(state, img, preimage, postimage,
+				   current, current_lno, ws_rule,
+				   match_beginning, match_end))
+			return current_lno;
+
+	again:
+		if (backwards_lno == 0 && forwards_lno == img->nr)
+			break;
+
+		if (i & 1) {
+			if (backwards_lno == 0) {
+				i++;
+				goto again;
+			}
+			backwards_lno--;
+			backwards -= img->line[backwards_lno].len;
+			current = backwards;
+			current_lno = backwards_lno;
+		} else {
+			if (forwards_lno == img->nr) {
+				i++;
+				goto again;
+			}
+			forwards += img->line[forwards_lno].len;
+			forwards_lno++;
+			current = forwards;
+			current_lno = forwards_lno;
+		}
+
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static void remove_first_line(struct image *img)
+{
+	img->buf += img->line[0].len;
+	img->len -= img->line[0].len;
+	img->line++;
+	img->nr--;
+}
+
+static void remove_last_line(struct image *img)
+{
+	img->len -= img->line[--img->nr].len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The change from "preimage" and "postimage" has been found to
+ * apply at applied_pos (counts in line numbers) in "img".
+ * Update "img" to remove "preimage" and replace it with "postimage".
+ */
+static void update_image(struct apply_state *state,
+			 struct image *img,
+			 int applied_pos,
+			 struct image *preimage,
+			 struct image *postimage)
+{
+	/*
+	 * remove the copy of preimage at offset in img
+	 * and replace it with postimage
+	 */
+	int i, nr;
+	size_t remove_count, insert_count, applied_at = 0;
+	char *result;
+	int preimage_limit;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we are removing blank lines at the end of img,
+	 * the preimage may extend beyond the end.
+	 * If that is the case, we must be careful only to
+	 * remove the part of the preimage that falls within
+	 * the boundaries of img. Initialize preimage_limit
+	 * to the number of lines in the preimage that falls
+	 * within the boundaries.
+	 */
+	preimage_limit = preimage->nr;
+	if (preimage_limit > img->nr - applied_pos)
+		preimage_limit = img->nr - applied_pos;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < applied_pos; i++)
+		applied_at += img->line[i].len;
+
+	remove_count = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < preimage_limit; i++)
+		remove_count += img->line[applied_pos + i].len;
+	insert_count = postimage->len;
+
+	/* Adjust the contents */
+	result = xmalloc(st_add3(st_sub(img->len, remove_count), insert_count, 1));
+	memcpy(result, img->buf, applied_at);
+	memcpy(result + applied_at, postimage->buf, postimage->len);
+	memcpy(result + applied_at + postimage->len,
+	       img->buf + (applied_at + remove_count),
+	       img->len - (applied_at + remove_count));
+	free(img->buf);
+	img->buf = result;
+	img->len += insert_count - remove_count;
+	result[img->len] = '\0';
+
+	/* Adjust the line table */
+	nr = img->nr + postimage->nr - preimage_limit;
+	if (preimage_limit < postimage->nr) {
+		/*
+		 * NOTE: this knows that we never call remove_first_line()
+		 * on anything other than pre/post image.
+		 */
+		REALLOC_ARRAY(img->line, nr);
+		img->line_allocated = img->line;
+	}
+	if (preimage_limit != postimage->nr)
+		MOVE_ARRAY(img->line + applied_pos + postimage->nr,
+			   img->line + applied_pos + preimage_limit,
+			   img->nr - (applied_pos + preimage_limit));
+	COPY_ARRAY(img->line + applied_pos, postimage->line, postimage->nr);
+	if (!state->allow_overlap)
+		for (i = 0; i < postimage->nr; i++)
+			img->line[applied_pos + i].flag |= LINE_PATCHED;
+	img->nr = nr;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Use the patch-hunk text in "frag" to prepare two images (preimage and
+ * postimage) for the hunk.  Find lines that match "preimage" in "img" and
+ * replace the part of "img" with "postimage" text.
+ */
+static int apply_one_fragment(struct apply_state *state,
+			      struct image *img, struct fragment *frag,
+			      int inaccurate_eof, unsigned ws_rule,
+			      int nth_fragment)
+{
+	int match_beginning, match_end;
+	const char *patch = frag->patch;
+	int size = frag->size;
+	char *old, *oldlines;
+	struct strbuf newlines;
+	int new_blank_lines_at_end = 0;
+	int found_new_blank_lines_at_end = 0;
+	int hunk_linenr = frag->linenr;
+	unsigned long leading, trailing;
+	int pos, applied_pos;
+	struct image preimage;
+	struct image postimage;
+
+	memset(&preimage, 0, sizeof(preimage));
+	memset(&postimage, 0, sizeof(postimage));
+	oldlines = xmalloc(size);
+	strbuf_init(&newlines, size);
+
+	old = oldlines;
+	while (size > 0) {
+		char first;
+		int len = linelen(patch, size);
+		int plen;
+		int added_blank_line = 0;
+		int is_blank_context = 0;
+		size_t start;
+
+		if (!len)
+			break;
+
+		/*
+		 * "plen" is how much of the line we should use for
+		 * the actual patch data. Normally we just remove the
+		 * first character on the line, but if the line is
+		 * followed by "\ No newline", then we also remove the
+		 * last one (which is the newline, of course).
+		 */
+		plen = len - 1;
+		if (len < size && patch[len] == '\\')
+			plen--;
+		first = *patch;
+		if (state->apply_in_reverse) {
+			if (first == '-')
+				first = '+';
+			else if (first == '+')
+				first = '-';
+		}
+
+		switch (first) {
+		case '\n':
+			/* Newer GNU diff, empty context line */
+			if (plen < 0)
+				/* ... followed by '\No newline'; nothing */
+				break;
+			*old++ = '\n';
+			strbuf_addch(&newlines, '\n');
+			add_line_info(&preimage, "\n", 1, LINE_COMMON);
+			add_line_info(&postimage, "\n", 1, LINE_COMMON);
+			is_blank_context = 1;
+			break;
+		case ' ':
+			if (plen && (ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF) &&
+			    ws_blank_line(patch + 1, plen, ws_rule))
+				is_blank_context = 1;
+			/* fallthrough */
+		case '-':
+			memcpy(old, patch + 1, plen);
+			add_line_info(&preimage, old, plen,
+				      (first == ' ' ? LINE_COMMON : 0));
+			old += plen;
+			if (first == '-')
+				break;
+			/* fallthrough */
+		case '+':
+			/* --no-add does not add new lines */
+			if (first == '+' && state->no_add)
+				break;
+
+			start = newlines.len;
+			if (first != '+' ||
+			    !state->whitespace_error ||
+			    state->ws_error_action != correct_ws_error) {
+				strbuf_add(&newlines, patch + 1, plen);
+			}
+			else {
+				ws_fix_copy(&newlines, patch + 1, plen, ws_rule, &state->applied_after_fixing_ws);
+			}
+			add_line_info(&postimage, newlines.buf + start, newlines.len - start,
+				      (first == '+' ? 0 : LINE_COMMON));
+			if (first == '+' &&
+			    (ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF) &&
+			    ws_blank_line(patch + 1, plen, ws_rule))
+				added_blank_line = 1;
+			break;
+		case '@': case '\\':
+			/* Ignore it, we already handled it */
+			break;
+		default:
+			if (state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_normal)
+				error(_("invalid start of line: '%c'"), first);
+			applied_pos = -1;
+			goto out;
+		}
+		if (added_blank_line) {
+			if (!new_blank_lines_at_end)
+				found_new_blank_lines_at_end = hunk_linenr;
+			new_blank_lines_at_end++;
+		}
+		else if (is_blank_context)
+			;
+		else
+			new_blank_lines_at_end = 0;
+		patch += len;
+		size -= len;
+		hunk_linenr++;
+	}
+	if (inaccurate_eof &&
+	    old > oldlines && old[-1] == '\n' &&
+	    newlines.len > 0 && newlines.buf[newlines.len - 1] == '\n') {
+		old--;
+		strbuf_setlen(&newlines, newlines.len - 1);
+		preimage.line_allocated[preimage.nr - 1].len--;
+		postimage.line_allocated[postimage.nr - 1].len--;
+	}
+
+	leading = frag->leading;
+	trailing = frag->trailing;
+
+	/*
+	 * A hunk to change lines at the beginning would begin with
+	 * @@ -1,L +N,M @@
+	 * but we need to be careful.  -U0 that inserts before the second
+	 * line also has this pattern.
+	 *
+	 * And a hunk to add to an empty file would begin with
+	 * @@ -0,0 +N,M @@
+	 *
+	 * In other words, a hunk that is (frag->oldpos <= 1) with or
+	 * without leading context must match at the beginning.
+	 */
+	match_beginning = (!frag->oldpos ||
+			   (frag->oldpos == 1 && !state->unidiff_zero));
+
+	/*
+	 * A hunk without trailing lines must match at the end.
+	 * However, we simply cannot tell if a hunk must match end
+	 * from the lack of trailing lines if the patch was generated
+	 * with unidiff without any context.
+	 */
+	match_end = !state->unidiff_zero && !trailing;
+
+	pos = frag->newpos ? (frag->newpos - 1) : 0;
+	preimage.buf = oldlines;
+	preimage.len = old - oldlines;
+	postimage.buf = newlines.buf;
+	postimage.len = newlines.len;
+	preimage.line = preimage.line_allocated;
+	postimage.line = postimage.line_allocated;
+
+	for (;;) {
+
+		applied_pos = find_pos(state, img, &preimage, &postimage, pos,
+				       ws_rule, match_beginning, match_end);
+
+		if (applied_pos >= 0)
+			break;
+
+		/* Am I at my context limits? */
+		if ((leading <= state->p_context) && (trailing <= state->p_context))
+			break;
+		if (match_beginning || match_end) {
+			match_beginning = match_end = 0;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Reduce the number of context lines; reduce both
+		 * leading and trailing if they are equal otherwise
+		 * just reduce the larger context.
+		 */
+		if (leading >= trailing) {
+			remove_first_line(&preimage);
+			remove_first_line(&postimage);
+			pos--;
+			leading--;
+		}
+		if (trailing > leading) {
+			remove_last_line(&preimage);
+			remove_last_line(&postimage);
+			trailing--;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (applied_pos >= 0) {
+		if (new_blank_lines_at_end &&
+		    preimage.nr + applied_pos >= img->nr &&
+		    (ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF) &&
+		    state->ws_error_action != nowarn_ws_error) {
+			record_ws_error(state, WS_BLANK_AT_EOF, "+", 1,
+					found_new_blank_lines_at_end);
+			if (state->ws_error_action == correct_ws_error) {
+				while (new_blank_lines_at_end--)
+					remove_last_line(&postimage);
+			}
+			/*
+			 * We would want to prevent write_out_results()
+			 * from taking place in apply_patch() that follows
+			 * the callchain led us here, which is:
+			 * apply_patch->check_patch_list->check_patch->
+			 * apply_data->apply_fragments->apply_one_fragment
+			 */
+			if (state->ws_error_action == die_on_ws_error)
+				state->apply = 0;
+		}
+
+		if (state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_normal && applied_pos != pos) {
+			int offset = applied_pos - pos;
+			if (state->apply_in_reverse)
+				offset = 0 - offset;
+			fprintf_ln(stderr,
+				   Q_("Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line).",
+				      "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines).",
+				      offset),
+				   nth_fragment, applied_pos + 1, offset);
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Warn if it was necessary to reduce the number
+		 * of context lines.
+		 */
+		if ((leading != frag->leading ||
+		     trailing != frag->trailing) && state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_silent)
+			fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Context reduced to (%ld/%ld)"
+					     " to apply fragment at %d"),
+				   leading, trailing, applied_pos+1);
+		update_image(state, img, applied_pos, &preimage, &postimage);
+	} else {
+		if (state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_normal)
+			error(_("while searching for:\n%.*s"),
+			      (int)(old - oldlines), oldlines);
+	}
+
+out:
+	free(oldlines);
+	strbuf_release(&newlines);
+	free(preimage.line_allocated);
+	free(postimage.line_allocated);
+
+	return (applied_pos < 0);
+}
+
+static int apply_binary_fragment(struct apply_state *state,
+				 struct image *img,
+				 struct patch *patch)
+{
+	struct fragment *fragment = patch->fragments;
+	unsigned long len;
+	void *dst;
+
+	if (!fragment)
+		return error(_("missing binary patch data for '%s'"),
+			     patch->new_name ?
+			     patch->new_name :
+			     patch->old_name);
+
+	/* Binary patch is irreversible without the optional second hunk */
+	if (state->apply_in_reverse) {
+		if (!fragment->next)
+			return error(_("cannot reverse-apply a binary patch "
+				       "without the reverse hunk to '%s'"),
+				     patch->new_name
+				     ? patch->new_name : patch->old_name);
+		fragment = fragment->next;
+	}
+	switch (fragment->binary_patch_method) {
+	case BINARY_DELTA_DEFLATED:
+		dst = patch_delta(img->buf, img->len, fragment->patch,
+				  fragment->size, &len);
+		if (!dst)
+			return -1;
+		clear_image(img);
+		img->buf = dst;
+		img->len = len;
+		return 0;
+	case BINARY_LITERAL_DEFLATED:
+		clear_image(img);
+		img->len = fragment->size;
+		img->buf = xmemdupz(fragment->patch, img->len);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Replace "img" with the result of applying the binary patch.
+ * The binary patch data itself in patch->fragment is still kept
+ * but the preimage prepared by the caller in "img" is freed here
+ * or in the helper function apply_binary_fragment() this calls.
+ */
+static int apply_binary(struct apply_state *state,
+			struct image *img,
+			struct patch *patch)
+{
+	const char *name = patch->old_name ? patch->old_name : patch->new_name;
+	struct object_id oid;
+
+	/*
+	 * For safety, we require patch index line to contain
+	 * full 40-byte textual SHA1 for old and new, at least for now.
+	 */
+	if (strlen(patch->old_sha1_prefix) != 40 ||
+	    strlen(patch->new_sha1_prefix) != 40 ||
+	    get_oid_hex(patch->old_sha1_prefix, &oid) ||
+	    get_oid_hex(patch->new_sha1_prefix, &oid))
+		return error(_("cannot apply binary patch to '%s' "
+			       "without full index line"), name);
+
+	if (patch->old_name) {
+		/*
+		 * See if the old one matches what the patch
+		 * applies to.
+		 */
+		hash_object_file(img->buf, img->len, blob_type, &oid);
+		if (strcmp(oid_to_hex(&oid), patch->old_sha1_prefix))
+			return error(_("the patch applies to '%s' (%s), "
+				       "which does not match the "
+				       "current contents."),
+				     name, oid_to_hex(&oid));
+	}
+	else {
+		/* Otherwise, the old one must be empty. */
+		if (img->len)
+			return error(_("the patch applies to an empty "
+				       "'%s' but it is not empty"), name);
+	}
+
+	get_oid_hex(patch->new_sha1_prefix, &oid);
+	if (is_null_oid(&oid)) {
+		clear_image(img);
+		return 0; /* deletion patch */
+	}
+
+	if (has_sha1_file(oid.hash)) {
+		/* We already have the postimage */
+		enum object_type type;
+		unsigned long size;
+		char *result;
+
+		result = read_object_file(&oid, &type, &size);
+		if (!result)
+			return error(_("the necessary postimage %s for "
+				       "'%s' cannot be read"),
+				     patch->new_sha1_prefix, name);
+		clear_image(img);
+		img->buf = result;
+		img->len = size;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * We have verified buf matches the preimage;
+		 * apply the patch data to it, which is stored
+		 * in the patch->fragments->{patch,size}.
+		 */
+		if (apply_binary_fragment(state, img, patch))
+			return error(_("binary patch does not apply to '%s'"),
+				     name);
+
+		/* verify that the result matches */
+		hash_object_file(img->buf, img->len, blob_type, &oid);
+		if (strcmp(oid_to_hex(&oid), patch->new_sha1_prefix))
+			return error(_("binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"),
+				name, patch->new_sha1_prefix, oid_to_hex(&oid));
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int apply_fragments(struct apply_state *state, struct image *img, struct patch *patch)
+{
+	struct fragment *frag = patch->fragments;
+	const char *name = patch->old_name ? patch->old_name : patch->new_name;
+	unsigned ws_rule = patch->ws_rule;
+	unsigned inaccurate_eof = patch->inaccurate_eof;
+	int nth = 0;
+
+	if (patch->is_binary)
+		return apply_binary(state, img, patch);
+
+	while (frag) {
+		nth++;
+		if (apply_one_fragment(state, img, frag, inaccurate_eof, ws_rule, nth)) {
+			error(_("patch failed: %s:%ld"), name, frag->oldpos);
+			if (!state->apply_with_reject)
+				return -1;
+			frag->rejected = 1;
+		}
+		frag = frag->next;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_blob_object(struct strbuf *buf, const struct object_id *oid, unsigned mode)
+{
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
+		strbuf_grow(buf, 100);
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "Subproject commit %s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
+	} else {
+		enum object_type type;
+		unsigned long sz;
+		char *result;
+
+		result = read_object_file(oid, &type, &sz);
+		if (!result)
+			return -1;
+		/* XXX read_sha1_file NUL-terminates */
+		strbuf_attach(buf, result, sz, sz + 1);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_file_or_gitlink(const struct cache_entry *ce, struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	if (!ce)
+		return 0;
+	return read_blob_object(buf, &ce->oid, ce->ce_mode);
+}
+
+static struct patch *in_fn_table(struct apply_state *state, const char *name)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+
+	if (name == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	item = string_list_lookup(&state->fn_table, name);
+	if (item != NULL)
+		return (struct patch *)item->util;
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * item->util in the filename table records the status of the path.
+ * Usually it points at a patch (whose result records the contents
+ * of it after applying it), but it could be PATH_WAS_DELETED for a
+ * path that a previously applied patch has already removed, or
+ * PATH_TO_BE_DELETED for a path that a later patch would remove.
+ *
+ * The latter is needed to deal with a case where two paths A and B
+ * are swapped by first renaming A to B and then renaming B to A;
+ * moving A to B should not be prevented due to presence of B as we
+ * will remove it in a later patch.
+ */
+#define PATH_TO_BE_DELETED ((struct patch *) -2)
+#define PATH_WAS_DELETED ((struct patch *) -1)
+
+static int to_be_deleted(struct patch *patch)
+{
+	return patch == PATH_TO_BE_DELETED;
+}
+
+static int was_deleted(struct patch *patch)
+{
+	return patch == PATH_WAS_DELETED;
+}
+
+static void add_to_fn_table(struct apply_state *state, struct patch *patch)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+
+	/*
+	 * Always add new_name unless patch is a deletion
+	 * This should cover the cases for normal diffs,
+	 * file creations and copies
+	 */
+	if (patch->new_name != NULL) {
+		item = string_list_insert(&state->fn_table, patch->new_name);
+		item->util = patch;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * store a failure on rename/deletion cases because
+	 * later chunks shouldn't patch old names
+	 */
+	if ((patch->new_name == NULL) || (patch->is_rename)) {
+		item = string_list_insert(&state->fn_table, patch->old_name);
+		item->util = PATH_WAS_DELETED;
+	}
+}
+
+static void prepare_fn_table(struct apply_state *state, struct patch *patch)
+{
+	/*
+	 * store information about incoming file deletion
+	 */
+	while (patch) {
+		if ((patch->new_name == NULL) || (patch->is_rename)) {
+			struct string_list_item *item;
+			item = string_list_insert(&state->fn_table, patch->old_name);
+			item->util = PATH_TO_BE_DELETED;
+		}
+		patch = patch->next;
+	}
+}
+
+static int checkout_target(struct index_state *istate,
+			   struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
+{
+	struct checkout costate = CHECKOUT_INIT;
+
+	costate.refresh_cache = 1;
+	costate.istate = istate;
+	if (checkout_entry(ce, &costate, NULL) || lstat(ce->name, st))
+		return error(_("cannot checkout %s"), ce->name);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct patch *previous_patch(struct apply_state *state,
+				    struct patch *patch,
+				    int *gone)
+{
+	struct patch *previous;
+
+	*gone = 0;
+	if (patch->is_copy || patch->is_rename)
+		return NULL; /* "git" patches do not depend on the order */
+
+	previous = in_fn_table(state, patch->old_name);
+	if (!previous)
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (to_be_deleted(previous))
+		return NULL; /* the deletion hasn't happened yet */
+
+	if (was_deleted(previous))
+		*gone = 1;
+
+	return previous;
+}
+
+static int verify_index_match(struct apply_state *state,
+			      const struct cache_entry *ce,
+			      struct stat *st)
+{
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
+		if (!S_ISDIR(st->st_mode))
+			return -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return ie_match_stat(state->repo->index, ce, st,
+			     CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID | CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE);
+}
+
+#define SUBMODULE_PATCH_WITHOUT_INDEX 1
+
+static int load_patch_target(struct apply_state *state,
+			     struct strbuf *buf,
+			     const struct cache_entry *ce,
+			     struct stat *st,
+			     struct patch *patch,
+			     const char *name,
+			     unsigned expected_mode)
+{
+	if (state->cached || state->check_index) {
+		if (read_file_or_gitlink(ce, buf))
+			return error(_("failed to read %s"), name);
+	} else if (name) {
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(expected_mode)) {
+			if (ce)
+				return read_file_or_gitlink(ce, buf);
+			else
+				return SUBMODULE_PATCH_WITHOUT_INDEX;
+		} else if (has_symlink_leading_path(name, strlen(name))) {
+			return error(_("reading from '%s' beyond a symbolic link"), name);
+		} else {
+			if (read_old_data(st, patch, name, buf))
+				return error(_("failed to read %s"), name);
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We are about to apply "patch"; populate the "image" with the
+ * current version we have, from the working tree or from the index,
+ * depending on the situation e.g. --cached/--index.  If we are
+ * applying a non-git patch that incrementally updates the tree,
+ * we read from the result of a previous diff.
+ */
+static int load_preimage(struct apply_state *state,
+			 struct image *image,
+			 struct patch *patch, struct stat *st,
+			 const struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t len;
+	char *img;
+	struct patch *previous;
+	int status;
+
+	previous = previous_patch(state, patch, &status);
+	if (status)
+		return error(_("path %s has been renamed/deleted"),
+			     patch->old_name);
+	if (previous) {
+		/* We have a patched copy in memory; use that. */
+		strbuf_add(&buf, previous->result, previous->resultsize);
+	} else {
+		status = load_patch_target(state, &buf, ce, st, patch,
+					   patch->old_name, patch->old_mode);
+		if (status < 0)
+			return status;
+		else if (status == SUBMODULE_PATCH_WITHOUT_INDEX) {
+			/*
+			 * There is no way to apply subproject
+			 * patch without looking at the index.
+			 * NEEDSWORK: shouldn't this be flagged
+			 * as an error???
+			 */
+			free_fragment_list(patch->fragments);
+			patch->fragments = NULL;
+		} else if (status) {
+			return error(_("failed to read %s"), patch->old_name);
+		}
+	}
+
+	img = strbuf_detach(&buf, &len);
+	prepare_image(image, img, len, !patch->is_binary);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int three_way_merge(struct image *image,
+			   char *path,
+			   const struct object_id *base,
+			   const struct object_id *ours,
+			   const struct object_id *theirs)
+{
+	mmfile_t base_file, our_file, their_file;
+	mmbuffer_t result = { NULL };
+	int status;
+
+	read_mmblob(&base_file, base);
+	read_mmblob(&our_file, ours);
+	read_mmblob(&their_file, theirs);
+	status = ll_merge(&result, path,
+			  &base_file, "base",
+			  &our_file, "ours",
+			  &their_file, "theirs", NULL);
+	free(base_file.ptr);
+	free(our_file.ptr);
+	free(their_file.ptr);
+	if (status < 0 || !result.ptr) {
+		free(result.ptr);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	clear_image(image);
+	image->buf = result.ptr;
+	image->len = result.size;
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+/*
+ * When directly falling back to add/add three-way merge, we read from
+ * the current contents of the new_name.  In no cases other than that
+ * this function will be called.
+ */
+static int load_current(struct apply_state *state,
+			struct image *image,
+			struct patch *patch)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int status, pos;
+	size_t len;
+	char *img;
+	struct stat st;
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+	char *name = patch->new_name;
+	unsigned mode = patch->new_mode;
+
+	if (!patch->is_new)
+		BUG("patch to %s is not a creation", patch->old_name);
+
+	pos = index_name_pos(state->repo->index, name, strlen(name));
+	if (pos < 0)
+		return error(_("%s: does not exist in index"), name);
+	ce = state->repo->index->cache[pos];
+	if (lstat(name, &st)) {
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
+			return error_errno("%s", name);
+		if (checkout_target(state->repo->index, ce, &st))
+			return -1;
+	}
+	if (verify_index_match(state, ce, &st))
+		return error(_("%s: does not match index"), name);
+
+	status = load_patch_target(state, &buf, ce, &st, patch, name, mode);
+	if (status < 0)
+		return status;
+	else if (status)
+		return -1;
+	img = strbuf_detach(&buf, &len);
+	prepare_image(image, img, len, !patch->is_binary);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int try_threeway(struct apply_state *state,
+			struct image *image,
+			struct patch *patch,
+			struct stat *st,
+			const struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	struct object_id pre_oid, post_oid, our_oid;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t len;
+	int status;
+	char *img;
+	struct image tmp_image;
+
+	/* No point falling back to 3-way merge in these cases */
+	if (patch->is_delete ||
+	    S_ISGITLINK(patch->old_mode) || S_ISGITLINK(patch->new_mode))
+		return -1;
+
+	/* Preimage the patch was prepared for */
+	if (patch->is_new)
+		write_object_file("", 0, blob_type, &pre_oid);
+	else if (get_oid(patch->old_sha1_prefix, &pre_oid) ||
+		 read_blob_object(&buf, &pre_oid, patch->old_mode))
+		return error(_("repository lacks the necessary blob to fall back on 3-way merge."));
+
+	if (state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_silent)
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Falling back to three-way merge...\n"));
+
+	img = strbuf_detach(&buf, &len);
+	prepare_image(&tmp_image, img, len, 1);
+	/* Apply the patch to get the post image */
+	if (apply_fragments(state, &tmp_image, patch) < 0) {
+		clear_image(&tmp_image);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	/* post_oid is theirs */
+	write_object_file(tmp_image.buf, tmp_image.len, blob_type, &post_oid);
+	clear_image(&tmp_image);
+
+	/* our_oid is ours */
+	if (patch->is_new) {
+		if (load_current(state, &tmp_image, patch))
+			return error(_("cannot read the current contents of '%s'"),
+				     patch->new_name);
+	} else {
+		if (load_preimage(state, &tmp_image, patch, st, ce))
+			return error(_("cannot read the current contents of '%s'"),
+				     patch->old_name);
+	}
+	write_object_file(tmp_image.buf, tmp_image.len, blob_type, &our_oid);
+	clear_image(&tmp_image);
+
+	/* in-core three-way merge between post and our using pre as base */
+	status = three_way_merge(image, patch->new_name,
+				 &pre_oid, &our_oid, &post_oid);
+	if (status < 0) {
+		if (state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_silent)
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				_("Failed to fall back on three-way merge...\n"));
+		return status;
+	}
+
+	if (status) {
+		patch->conflicted_threeway = 1;
+		if (patch->is_new)
+			oidclr(&patch->threeway_stage[0]);
+		else
+			oidcpy(&patch->threeway_stage[0], &pre_oid);
+		oidcpy(&patch->threeway_stage[1], &our_oid);
+		oidcpy(&patch->threeway_stage[2], &post_oid);
+		if (state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_silent)
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				_("Applied patch to '%s' with conflicts.\n"),
+				patch->new_name);
+	} else {
+		if (state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_silent)
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				_("Applied patch to '%s' cleanly.\n"),
+				patch->new_name);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int apply_data(struct apply_state *state, struct patch *patch,
+		      struct stat *st, const struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	struct image image;
+
+	if (load_preimage(state, &image, patch, st, ce) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (patch->direct_to_threeway ||
+	    apply_fragments(state, &image, patch) < 0) {
+		/* Note: with --reject, apply_fragments() returns 0 */
+		if (!state->threeway || try_threeway(state, &image, patch, st, ce) < 0)
+			return -1;
+	}
+	patch->result = image.buf;
+	patch->resultsize = image.len;
+	add_to_fn_table(state, patch);
+	free(image.line_allocated);
+
+	if (0 < patch->is_delete && patch->resultsize)
+		return error(_("removal patch leaves file contents"));
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If "patch" that we are looking at modifies or deletes what we have,
+ * we would want it not to lose any local modification we have, either
+ * in the working tree or in the index.
+ *
+ * This also decides if a non-git patch is a creation patch or a
+ * modification to an existing empty file.  We do not check the state
+ * of the current tree for a creation patch in this function; the caller
+ * check_patch() separately makes sure (and errors out otherwise) that
+ * the path the patch creates does not exist in the current tree.
+ */
+static int check_preimage(struct apply_state *state,
+			  struct patch *patch,
+			  struct cache_entry **ce,
+			  struct stat *st)
+{
+	const char *old_name = patch->old_name;
+	struct patch *previous = NULL;
+	int stat_ret = 0, status;
+	unsigned st_mode = 0;
+
+	if (!old_name)
+		return 0;
+
+	assert(patch->is_new <= 0);
+	previous = previous_patch(state, patch, &status);
+
+	if (status)
+		return error(_("path %s has been renamed/deleted"), old_name);
+	if (previous) {
+		st_mode = previous->new_mode;
+	} else if (!state->cached) {
+		stat_ret = lstat(old_name, st);
+		if (stat_ret && errno != ENOENT)
+			return error_errno("%s", old_name);
+	}
+
+	if (state->check_index && !previous) {
+		int pos = index_name_pos(state->repo->index, old_name,
+					 strlen(old_name));
+		if (pos < 0) {
+			if (patch->is_new < 0)
+				goto is_new;
+			return error(_("%s: does not exist in index"), old_name);
+		}
+		*ce = state->repo->index->cache[pos];
+		if (stat_ret < 0) {
+			if (checkout_target(state->repo->index, *ce, st))
+				return -1;
+		}
+		if (!state->cached && verify_index_match(state, *ce, st))
+			return error(_("%s: does not match index"), old_name);
+		if (state->cached)
+			st_mode = (*ce)->ce_mode;
+	} else if (stat_ret < 0) {
+		if (patch->is_new < 0)
+			goto is_new;
+		return error_errno("%s", old_name);
+	}
+
+	if (!state->cached && !previous)
+		st_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(*ce, st->st_mode);
+
+	if (patch->is_new < 0)
+		patch->is_new = 0;
+	if (!patch->old_mode)
+		patch->old_mode = st_mode;
+	if ((st_mode ^ patch->old_mode) & S_IFMT)
+		return error(_("%s: wrong type"), old_name);
+	if (st_mode != patch->old_mode)
+		warning(_("%s has type %o, expected %o"),
+			old_name, st_mode, patch->old_mode);
+	if (!patch->new_mode && !patch->is_delete)
+		patch->new_mode = st_mode;
+	return 0;
+
+ is_new:
+	patch->is_new = 1;
+	patch->is_delete = 0;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(patch->old_name);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+#define EXISTS_IN_INDEX 1
+#define EXISTS_IN_WORKTREE 2
+
+static int check_to_create(struct apply_state *state,
+			   const char *new_name,
+			   int ok_if_exists)
+{
+	struct stat nst;
+
+	if (state->check_index &&
+	    index_name_pos(state->repo->index, new_name, strlen(new_name)) >= 0 &&
+	    !ok_if_exists)
+		return EXISTS_IN_INDEX;
+	if (state->cached)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!lstat(new_name, &nst)) {
+		if (S_ISDIR(nst.st_mode) || ok_if_exists)
+			return 0;
+		/*
+		 * A leading component of new_name might be a symlink
+		 * that is going to be removed with this patch, but
+		 * still pointing at somewhere that has the path.
+		 * In such a case, path "new_name" does not exist as
+		 * far as git is concerned.
+		 */
+		if (has_symlink_leading_path(new_name, strlen(new_name)))
+			return 0;
+
+		return EXISTS_IN_WORKTREE;
+	} else if (!is_missing_file_error(errno)) {
+		return error_errno("%s", new_name);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static uintptr_t register_symlink_changes(struct apply_state *state,
+					  const char *path,
+					  uintptr_t what)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *ent;
+
+	ent = string_list_lookup(&state->symlink_changes, path);
+	if (!ent) {
+		ent = string_list_insert(&state->symlink_changes, path);
+		ent->util = (void *)0;
+	}
+	ent->util = (void *)(what | ((uintptr_t)ent->util));
+	return (uintptr_t)ent->util;
+}
+
+static uintptr_t check_symlink_changes(struct apply_state *state, const char *path)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *ent;
+
+	ent = string_list_lookup(&state->symlink_changes, path);
+	if (!ent)
+		return 0;
+	return (uintptr_t)ent->util;
+}
+
+static void prepare_symlink_changes(struct apply_state *state, struct patch *patch)
+{
+	for ( ; patch; patch = patch->next) {
+		if ((patch->old_name && S_ISLNK(patch->old_mode)) &&
+		    (patch->is_rename || patch->is_delete))
+			/* the symlink at patch->old_name is removed */
+			register_symlink_changes(state, patch->old_name, APPLY_SYMLINK_GOES_AWAY);
+
+		if (patch->new_name && S_ISLNK(patch->new_mode))
+			/* the symlink at patch->new_name is created or remains */
+			register_symlink_changes(state, patch->new_name, APPLY_SYMLINK_IN_RESULT);
+	}
+}
+
+static int path_is_beyond_symlink_1(struct apply_state *state, struct strbuf *name)
+{
+	do {
+		unsigned int change;
+
+		while (--name->len && name->buf[name->len] != '/')
+			; /* scan backwards */
+		if (!name->len)
+			break;
+		name->buf[name->len] = '\0';
+		change = check_symlink_changes(state, name->buf);
+		if (change & APPLY_SYMLINK_IN_RESULT)
+			return 1;
+		if (change & APPLY_SYMLINK_GOES_AWAY)
+			/*
+			 * This cannot be "return 0", because we may
+			 * see a new one created at a higher level.
+			 */
+			continue;
+
+		/* otherwise, check the preimage */
+		if (state->check_index) {
+			struct cache_entry *ce;
+
+			ce = index_file_exists(state->repo->index, name->buf,
+					       name->len, ignore_case);
+			if (ce && S_ISLNK(ce->ce_mode))
+				return 1;
+		} else {
+			struct stat st;
+			if (!lstat(name->buf, &st) && S_ISLNK(st.st_mode))
+				return 1;
+		}
+	} while (1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int path_is_beyond_symlink(struct apply_state *state, const char *name_)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	assert(*name_ != '\0');
+	strbuf_addstr(&name, name_);
+	ret = path_is_beyond_symlink_1(state, &name);
+	strbuf_release(&name);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int check_unsafe_path(struct patch *patch)
+{
+	const char *old_name = NULL;
+	const char *new_name = NULL;
+	if (patch->is_delete)
+		old_name = patch->old_name;
+	else if (!patch->is_new && !patch->is_copy)
+		old_name = patch->old_name;
+	if (!patch->is_delete)
+		new_name = patch->new_name;
+
+	if (old_name && !verify_path(old_name, patch->old_mode))
+		return error(_("invalid path '%s'"), old_name);
+	if (new_name && !verify_path(new_name, patch->new_mode))
+		return error(_("invalid path '%s'"), new_name);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check and apply the patch in-core; leave the result in patch->result
+ * for the caller to write it out to the final destination.
+ */
+static int check_patch(struct apply_state *state, struct patch *patch)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	const char *old_name = patch->old_name;
+	const char *new_name = patch->new_name;
+	const char *name = old_name ? old_name : new_name;
+	struct cache_entry *ce = NULL;
+	struct patch *tpatch;
+	int ok_if_exists;
+	int status;
+
+	patch->rejected = 1; /* we will drop this after we succeed */
+
+	status = check_preimage(state, patch, &ce, &st);
+	if (status)
+		return status;
+	old_name = patch->old_name;
+
+	/*
+	 * A type-change diff is always split into a patch to delete
+	 * old, immediately followed by a patch to create new (see
+	 * diff.c::run_diff()); in such a case it is Ok that the entry
+	 * to be deleted by the previous patch is still in the working
+	 * tree and in the index.
+	 *
+	 * A patch to swap-rename between A and B would first rename A
+	 * to B and then rename B to A.  While applying the first one,
+	 * the presence of B should not stop A from getting renamed to
+	 * B; ask to_be_deleted() about the later rename.  Removal of
+	 * B and rename from A to B is handled the same way by asking
+	 * was_deleted().
+	 */
+	if ((tpatch = in_fn_table(state, new_name)) &&
+	    (was_deleted(tpatch) || to_be_deleted(tpatch)))
+		ok_if_exists = 1;
+	else
+		ok_if_exists = 0;
+
+	if (new_name &&
+	    ((0 < patch->is_new) || patch->is_rename || patch->is_copy)) {
+		int err = check_to_create(state, new_name, ok_if_exists);
+
+		if (err && state->threeway) {
+			patch->direct_to_threeway = 1;
+		} else switch (err) {
+		case 0:
+			break; /* happy */
+		case EXISTS_IN_INDEX:
+			return error(_("%s: already exists in index"), new_name);
+			break;
+		case EXISTS_IN_WORKTREE:
+			return error(_("%s: already exists in working directory"),
+				     new_name);
+		default:
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		if (!patch->new_mode) {
+			if (0 < patch->is_new)
+				patch->new_mode = S_IFREG | 0644;
+			else
+				patch->new_mode = patch->old_mode;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (new_name && old_name) {
+		int same = !strcmp(old_name, new_name);
+		if (!patch->new_mode)
+			patch->new_mode = patch->old_mode;
+		if ((patch->old_mode ^ patch->new_mode) & S_IFMT) {
+			if (same)
+				return error(_("new mode (%o) of %s does not "
+					       "match old mode (%o)"),
+					patch->new_mode, new_name,
+					patch->old_mode);
+			else
+				return error(_("new mode (%o) of %s does not "
+					       "match old mode (%o) of %s"),
+					patch->new_mode, new_name,
+					patch->old_mode, old_name);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!state->unsafe_paths && check_unsafe_path(patch))
+		return -128;
+
+	/*
+	 * An attempt to read from or delete a path that is beyond a
+	 * symbolic link will be prevented by load_patch_target() that
+	 * is called at the beginning of apply_data() so we do not
+	 * have to worry about a patch marked with "is_delete" bit
+	 * here.  We however need to make sure that the patch result
+	 * is not deposited to a path that is beyond a symbolic link
+	 * here.
+	 */
+	if (!patch->is_delete && path_is_beyond_symlink(state, patch->new_name))
+		return error(_("affected file '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"),
+			     patch->new_name);
+
+	if (apply_data(state, patch, &st, ce) < 0)
+		return error(_("%s: patch does not apply"), name);
+	patch->rejected = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int check_patch_list(struct apply_state *state, struct patch *patch)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+
+	prepare_symlink_changes(state, patch);
+	prepare_fn_table(state, patch);
+	while (patch) {
+		int res;
+		if (state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_normal)
+			say_patch_name(stderr,
+				       _("Checking patch %s..."), patch);
+		res = check_patch(state, patch);
+		if (res == -128)
+			return -128;
+		err |= res;
+		patch = patch->next;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int read_apply_cache(struct apply_state *state)
+{
+	if (state->index_file)
+		return read_index_from(state->repo->index, state->index_file,
+				       get_git_dir());
+	else
+		return read_index(state->repo->index);
+}
+
+/* This function tries to read the object name from the current index */
+static int get_current_oid(struct apply_state *state, const char *path,
+			   struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	int pos;
+
+	if (read_apply_cache(state) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	pos = index_name_pos(state->repo->index, path, strlen(path));
+	if (pos < 0)
+		return -1;
+	oidcpy(oid, &state->repo->index->cache[pos]->oid);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int preimage_oid_in_gitlink_patch(struct patch *p, struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	/*
+	 * A usable gitlink patch has only one fragment (hunk) that looks like:
+	 * @@ -1 +1 @@
+	 * -Subproject commit <old sha1>
+	 * +Subproject commit <new sha1>
+	 * or
+	 * @@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	 * -Subproject commit <old sha1>
+	 * for a removal patch.
+	 */
+	struct fragment *hunk = p->fragments;
+	static const char heading[] = "-Subproject commit ";
+	char *preimage;
+
+	if (/* does the patch have only one hunk? */
+	    hunk && !hunk->next &&
+	    /* is its preimage one line? */
+	    hunk->oldpos == 1 && hunk->oldlines == 1 &&
+	    /* does preimage begin with the heading? */
+	    (preimage = memchr(hunk->patch, '\n', hunk->size)) != NULL &&
+	    starts_with(++preimage, heading) &&
+	    /* does it record full SHA-1? */
+	    !get_oid_hex(preimage + sizeof(heading) - 1, oid) &&
+	    preimage[sizeof(heading) + GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ - 1] == '\n' &&
+	    /* does the abbreviated name on the index line agree with it? */
+	    starts_with(preimage + sizeof(heading) - 1, p->old_sha1_prefix))
+		return 0; /* it all looks fine */
+
+	/* we may have full object name on the index line */
+	return get_oid_hex(p->old_sha1_prefix, oid);
+}
+
+/* Build an index that contains just the files needed for a 3way merge */
+static int build_fake_ancestor(struct apply_state *state, struct patch *list)
+{
+	struct patch *patch;
+	struct index_state result = { NULL };
+	struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
+	int res;
+
+	/* Once we start supporting the reverse patch, it may be
+	 * worth showing the new sha1 prefix, but until then...
+	 */
+	for (patch = list; patch; patch = patch->next) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		struct cache_entry *ce;
+		const char *name;
+
+		name = patch->old_name ? patch->old_name : patch->new_name;
+		if (0 < patch->is_new)
+			continue;
+
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(patch->old_mode)) {
+			if (!preimage_oid_in_gitlink_patch(patch, &oid))
+				; /* ok, the textual part looks sane */
+			else
+				return error(_("sha1 information is lacking or "
+					       "useless for submodule %s"), name);
+		} else if (!get_oid_blob(patch->old_sha1_prefix, &oid)) {
+			; /* ok */
+		} else if (!patch->lines_added && !patch->lines_deleted) {
+			/* mode-only change: update the current */
+			if (get_current_oid(state, patch->old_name, &oid))
+				return error(_("mode change for %s, which is not "
+					       "in current HEAD"), name);
+		} else
+			return error(_("sha1 information is lacking or useless "
+				       "(%s)."), name);
+
+		ce = make_cache_entry(&result, patch->old_mode, &oid, name, 0, 0);
+		if (!ce)
+			return error(_("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"),
+				     name);
+		if (add_index_entry(&result, ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD)) {
+			discard_cache_entry(ce);
+			return error(_("could not add %s to temporary index"),
+				     name);
+		}
+	}
+
+	hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, state->fake_ancestor, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	res = write_locked_index(&result, &lock, COMMIT_LOCK);
+	discard_index(&result);
+
+	if (res)
+		return error(_("could not write temporary index to %s"),
+			     state->fake_ancestor);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void stat_patch_list(struct apply_state *state, struct patch *patch)
+{
+	int files, adds, dels;
+
+	for (files = adds = dels = 0 ; patch ; patch = patch->next) {
+		files++;
+		adds += patch->lines_added;
+		dels += patch->lines_deleted;
+		show_stats(state, patch);
+	}
+
+	print_stat_summary(stdout, files, adds, dels);
+}
+
+static void numstat_patch_list(struct apply_state *state,
+			       struct patch *patch)
+{
+	for ( ; patch; patch = patch->next) {
+		const char *name;
+		name = patch->new_name ? patch->new_name : patch->old_name;
+		if (patch->is_binary)
+			printf("-\t-\t");
+		else
+			printf("%d\t%d\t", patch->lines_added, patch->lines_deleted);
+		write_name_quoted(name, stdout, state->line_termination);
+	}
+}
+
+static void show_file_mode_name(const char *newdelete, unsigned int mode, const char *name)
+{
+	if (mode)
+		printf(" %s mode %06o %s\n", newdelete, mode, name);
+	else
+		printf(" %s %s\n", newdelete, name);
+}
+
+static void show_mode_change(struct patch *p, int show_name)
+{
+	if (p->old_mode && p->new_mode && p->old_mode != p->new_mode) {
+		if (show_name)
+			printf(" mode change %06o => %06o %s\n",
+			       p->old_mode, p->new_mode, p->new_name);
+		else
+			printf(" mode change %06o => %06o\n",
+			       p->old_mode, p->new_mode);
+	}
+}
+
+static void show_rename_copy(struct patch *p)
+{
+	const char *renamecopy = p->is_rename ? "rename" : "copy";
+	const char *old_name, *new_name;
+
+	/* Find common prefix */
+	old_name = p->old_name;
+	new_name = p->new_name;
+	while (1) {
+		const char *slash_old, *slash_new;
+		slash_old = strchr(old_name, '/');
+		slash_new = strchr(new_name, '/');
+		if (!slash_old ||
+		    !slash_new ||
+		    slash_old - old_name != slash_new - new_name ||
+		    memcmp(old_name, new_name, slash_new - new_name))
+			break;
+		old_name = slash_old + 1;
+		new_name = slash_new + 1;
+	}
+	/* p->old_name thru old_name is the common prefix, and old_name and new_name
+	 * through the end of names are renames
+	 */
+	if (old_name != p->old_name)
+		printf(" %s %.*s{%s => %s} (%d%%)\n", renamecopy,
+		       (int)(old_name - p->old_name), p->old_name,
+		       old_name, new_name, p->score);
+	else
+		printf(" %s %s => %s (%d%%)\n", renamecopy,
+		       p->old_name, p->new_name, p->score);
+	show_mode_change(p, 0);
+}
+
+static void summary_patch_list(struct patch *patch)
+{
+	struct patch *p;
+
+	for (p = patch; p; p = p->next) {
+		if (p->is_new)
+			show_file_mode_name("create", p->new_mode, p->new_name);
+		else if (p->is_delete)
+			show_file_mode_name("delete", p->old_mode, p->old_name);
+		else {
+			if (p->is_rename || p->is_copy)
+				show_rename_copy(p);
+			else {
+				if (p->score) {
+					printf(" rewrite %s (%d%%)\n",
+					       p->new_name, p->score);
+					show_mode_change(p, 0);
+				}
+				else
+					show_mode_change(p, 1);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void patch_stats(struct apply_state *state, struct patch *patch)
+{
+	int lines = patch->lines_added + patch->lines_deleted;
+
+	if (lines > state->max_change)
+		state->max_change = lines;
+	if (patch->old_name) {
+		int len = quote_c_style(patch->old_name, NULL, NULL, 0);
+		if (!len)
+			len = strlen(patch->old_name);
+		if (len > state->max_len)
+			state->max_len = len;
+	}
+	if (patch->new_name) {
+		int len = quote_c_style(patch->new_name, NULL, NULL, 0);
+		if (!len)
+			len = strlen(patch->new_name);
+		if (len > state->max_len)
+			state->max_len = len;
+	}
+}
+
+static int remove_file(struct apply_state *state, struct patch *patch, int rmdir_empty)
+{
+	if (state->update_index && !state->ita_only) {
+		if (remove_file_from_index(state->repo->index, patch->old_name) < 0)
+			return error(_("unable to remove %s from index"), patch->old_name);
+	}
+	if (!state->cached) {
+		if (!remove_or_warn(patch->old_mode, patch->old_name) && rmdir_empty) {
+			remove_path(patch->old_name);
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int add_index_file(struct apply_state *state,
+			  const char *path,
+			  unsigned mode,
+			  void *buf,
+			  unsigned long size)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+	int namelen = strlen(path);
+
+	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(state->repo->index, namelen);
+	memcpy(ce->name, path, namelen);
+	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
+	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(0);
+	ce->ce_namelen = namelen;
+	if (state->ita_only) {
+		ce->ce_flags |= CE_INTENT_TO_ADD;
+		set_object_name_for_intent_to_add_entry(ce);
+	} else if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
+		const char *s;
+
+		if (!skip_prefix(buf, "Subproject commit ", &s) ||
+		    get_oid_hex(s, &ce->oid)) {
+			discard_cache_entry(ce);
+			return error(_("corrupt patch for submodule %s"), path);
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (!state->cached) {
+			if (lstat(path, &st) < 0) {
+				discard_cache_entry(ce);
+				return error_errno(_("unable to stat newly "
+						     "created file '%s'"),
+						   path);
+			}
+			fill_stat_cache_info(ce, &st);
+		}
+		if (write_object_file(buf, size, blob_type, &ce->oid) < 0) {
+			discard_cache_entry(ce);
+			return error(_("unable to create backing store "
+				       "for newly created file %s"), path);
+		}
+	}
+	if (add_index_entry(state->repo->index, ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD) < 0) {
+		discard_cache_entry(ce);
+		return error(_("unable to add cache entry for %s"), path);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns:
+ *  -1 if an unrecoverable error happened
+ *   0 if everything went well
+ *   1 if a recoverable error happened
+ */
+static int try_create_file(struct apply_state *state, const char *path,
+			   unsigned int mode, const char *buf,
+			   unsigned long size)
+{
+	int fd, res;
+	struct strbuf nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
+		struct stat st;
+		if (!lstat(path, &st) && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
+			return 0;
+		return !!mkdir(path, 0777);
+	}
+
+	if (has_symlinks && S_ISLNK(mode))
+		/* Although buf:size is counted string, it also is NUL
+		 * terminated.
+		 */
+		return !!symlink(buf, path);
+
+	fd = open(path, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_WRONLY, (mode & 0100) ? 0777 : 0666);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return 1;
+
+	if (convert_to_working_tree(state->repo->index, path, buf, size, &nbuf)) {
+		size = nbuf.len;
+		buf  = nbuf.buf;
+	}
+
+	res = write_in_full(fd, buf, size) < 0;
+	if (res)
+		error_errno(_("failed to write to '%s'"), path);
+	strbuf_release(&nbuf);
+
+	if (close(fd) < 0 && !res)
+		return error_errno(_("closing file '%s'"), path);
+
+	return res ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We optimistically assume that the directories exist,
+ * which is true 99% of the time anyway. If they don't,
+ * we create them and try again.
+ *
+ * Returns:
+ *   -1 on error
+ *   0 otherwise
+ */
+static int create_one_file(struct apply_state *state,
+			   char *path,
+			   unsigned mode,
+			   const char *buf,
+			   unsigned long size)
+{
+	int res;
+
+	if (state->cached)
+		return 0;
+
+	res = try_create_file(state, path, mode, buf, size);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return -1;
+	if (!res)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (errno == ENOENT) {
+		if (safe_create_leading_directories(path))
+			return 0;
+		res = try_create_file(state, path, mode, buf, size);
+		if (res < 0)
+			return -1;
+		if (!res)
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (errno == EEXIST || errno == EACCES) {
+		/* We may be trying to create a file where a directory
+		 * used to be.
+		 */
+		struct stat st;
+		if (!lstat(path, &st) && (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) || !rmdir(path)))
+			errno = EEXIST;
+	}
+
+	if (errno == EEXIST) {
+		unsigned int nr = getpid();
+
+		for (;;) {
+			char newpath[PATH_MAX];
+			mksnpath(newpath, sizeof(newpath), "%s~%u", path, nr);
+			res = try_create_file(state, newpath, mode, buf, size);
+			if (res < 0)
+				return -1;
+			if (!res) {
+				if (!rename(newpath, path))
+					return 0;
+				unlink_or_warn(newpath);
+				break;
+			}
+			if (errno != EEXIST)
+				break;
+			++nr;
+		}
+	}
+	return error_errno(_("unable to write file '%s' mode %o"),
+			   path, mode);
+}
+
+static int add_conflicted_stages_file(struct apply_state *state,
+				       struct patch *patch)
+{
+	int stage, namelen;
+	unsigned mode;
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+
+	if (!state->update_index)
+		return 0;
+	namelen = strlen(patch->new_name);
+	mode = patch->new_mode ? patch->new_mode : (S_IFREG | 0644);
+
+	remove_file_from_index(state->repo->index, patch->new_name);
+	for (stage = 1; stage < 4; stage++) {
+		if (is_null_oid(&patch->threeway_stage[stage - 1]))
+			continue;
+		ce = make_empty_cache_entry(state->repo->index, namelen);
+		memcpy(ce->name, patch->new_name, namelen);
+		ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
+		ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
+		ce->ce_namelen = namelen;
+		oidcpy(&ce->oid, &patch->threeway_stage[stage - 1]);
+		if (add_index_entry(state->repo->index, ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD) < 0) {
+			discard_cache_entry(ce);
+			return error(_("unable to add cache entry for %s"),
+				     patch->new_name);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int create_file(struct apply_state *state, struct patch *patch)
+{
+	char *path = patch->new_name;
+	unsigned mode = patch->new_mode;
+	unsigned long size = patch->resultsize;
+	char *buf = patch->result;
+
+	if (!mode)
+		mode = S_IFREG | 0644;
+	if (create_one_file(state, path, mode, buf, size))
+		return -1;
+
+	if (patch->conflicted_threeway)
+		return add_conflicted_stages_file(state, patch);
+	else if (state->update_index)
+		return add_index_file(state, path, mode, buf, size);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* phase zero is to remove, phase one is to create */
+static int write_out_one_result(struct apply_state *state,
+				struct patch *patch,
+				int phase)
+{
+	if (patch->is_delete > 0) {
+		if (phase == 0)
+			return remove_file(state, patch, 1);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (patch->is_new > 0 || patch->is_copy) {
+		if (phase == 1)
+			return create_file(state, patch);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Rename or modification boils down to the same
+	 * thing: remove the old, write the new
+	 */
+	if (phase == 0)
+		return remove_file(state, patch, patch->is_rename);
+	if (phase == 1)
+		return create_file(state, patch);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_out_one_reject(struct apply_state *state, struct patch *patch)
+{
+	FILE *rej;
+	char namebuf[PATH_MAX];
+	struct fragment *frag;
+	int cnt = 0;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	for (cnt = 0, frag = patch->fragments; frag; frag = frag->next) {
+		if (!frag->rejected)
+			continue;
+		cnt++;
+	}
+
+	if (!cnt) {
+		if (state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_normal)
+			say_patch_name(stderr,
+				       _("Applied patch %s cleanly."), patch);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* This should not happen, because a removal patch that leaves
+	 * contents are marked "rejected" at the patch level.
+	 */
+	if (!patch->new_name)
+		die(_("internal error"));
+
+	/* Say this even without --verbose */
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, Q_("Applying patch %%s with %d reject...",
+			    "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects...",
+			    cnt),
+		    cnt);
+	if (state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_silent)
+		say_patch_name(stderr, sb.buf, patch);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+	cnt = strlen(patch->new_name);
+	if (ARRAY_SIZE(namebuf) <= cnt + 5) {
+		cnt = ARRAY_SIZE(namebuf) - 5;
+		warning(_("truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"),
+			cnt - 1, patch->new_name);
+	}
+	memcpy(namebuf, patch->new_name, cnt);
+	memcpy(namebuf + cnt, ".rej", 5);
+
+	rej = fopen(namebuf, "w");
+	if (!rej)
+		return error_errno(_("cannot open %s"), namebuf);
+
+	/* Normal git tools never deal with .rej, so do not pretend
+	 * this is a git patch by saying --git or giving extended
+	 * headers.  While at it, maybe please "kompare" that wants
+	 * the trailing TAB and some garbage at the end of line ;-).
+	 */
+	fprintf(rej, "diff a/%s b/%s\t(rejected hunks)\n",
+		patch->new_name, patch->new_name);
+	for (cnt = 1, frag = patch->fragments;
+	     frag;
+	     cnt++, frag = frag->next) {
+		if (!frag->rejected) {
+			if (state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_silent)
+				fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Hunk #%d applied cleanly."), cnt);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_silent)
+			fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Rejected hunk #%d."), cnt);
+		fprintf(rej, "%.*s", frag->size, frag->patch);
+		if (frag->patch[frag->size-1] != '\n')
+			fputc('\n', rej);
+	}
+	fclose(rej);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns:
+ *  -1 if an error happened
+ *   0 if the patch applied cleanly
+ *   1 if the patch did not apply cleanly
+ */
+static int write_out_results(struct apply_state *state, struct patch *list)
+{
+	int phase;
+	int errs = 0;
+	struct patch *l;
+	struct string_list cpath = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+
+	for (phase = 0; phase < 2; phase++) {
+		l = list;
+		while (l) {
+			if (l->rejected)
+				errs = 1;
+			else {
+				if (write_out_one_result(state, l, phase)) {
+					string_list_clear(&cpath, 0);
+					return -1;
+				}
+				if (phase == 1) {
+					if (write_out_one_reject(state, l))
+						errs = 1;
+					if (l->conflicted_threeway) {
+						string_list_append(&cpath, l->new_name);
+						errs = 1;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			l = l->next;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (cpath.nr) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+
+		string_list_sort(&cpath);
+		if (state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_silent) {
+			for_each_string_list_item(item, &cpath)
+				fprintf(stderr, "U %s\n", item->string);
+		}
+		string_list_clear(&cpath, 0);
+
+		rerere(0);
+	}
+
+	return errs;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Try to apply a patch.
+ *
+ * Returns:
+ *  -128 if a bad error happened (like patch unreadable)
+ *  -1 if patch did not apply and user cannot deal with it
+ *   0 if the patch applied
+ *   1 if the patch did not apply but user might fix it
+ */
+static int apply_patch(struct apply_state *state,
+		       int fd,
+		       const char *filename,
+		       int options)
+{
+	size_t offset;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT; /* owns the patch text */
+	struct patch *list = NULL, **listp = &list;
+	int skipped_patch = 0;
+	int res = 0;
+
+	state->patch_input_file = filename;
+	if (read_patch_file(&buf, fd) < 0)
+		return -128;
+	offset = 0;
+	while (offset < buf.len) {
+		struct patch *patch;
+		int nr;
+
+		patch = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*patch));
+		patch->inaccurate_eof = !!(options & APPLY_OPT_INACCURATE_EOF);
+		patch->recount =  !!(options & APPLY_OPT_RECOUNT);
+		nr = parse_chunk(state, buf.buf + offset, buf.len - offset, patch);
+		if (nr < 0) {
+			free_patch(patch);
+			if (nr == -128) {
+				res = -128;
+				goto end;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		if (state->apply_in_reverse)
+			reverse_patches(patch);
+		if (use_patch(state, patch)) {
+			patch_stats(state, patch);
+			*listp = patch;
+			listp = &patch->next;
+		}
+		else {
+			if (state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_normal)
+				say_patch_name(stderr, _("Skipped patch '%s'."), patch);
+			free_patch(patch);
+			skipped_patch++;
+		}
+		offset += nr;
+	}
+
+	if (!list && !skipped_patch) {
+		error(_("unrecognized input"));
+		res = -128;
+		goto end;
+	}
+
+	if (state->whitespace_error && (state->ws_error_action == die_on_ws_error))
+		state->apply = 0;
+
+	state->update_index = (state->check_index || state->ita_only) && state->apply;
+	if (state->update_index && !is_lock_file_locked(&state->lock_file)) {
+		if (state->index_file)
+			hold_lock_file_for_update(&state->lock_file,
+						  state->index_file,
+						  LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+		else
+			hold_locked_index(&state->lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	}
+
+	if (state->check_index && read_apply_cache(state) < 0) {
+		error(_("unable to read index file"));
+		res = -128;
+		goto end;
+	}
+
+	if (state->check || state->apply) {
+		int r = check_patch_list(state, list);
+		if (r == -128) {
+			res = -128;
+			goto end;
+		}
+		if (r < 0 && !state->apply_with_reject) {
+			res = -1;
+			goto end;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (state->apply) {
+		int write_res = write_out_results(state, list);
+		if (write_res < 0) {
+			res = -128;
+			goto end;
+		}
+		if (write_res > 0) {
+			/* with --3way, we still need to write the index out */
+			res = state->apply_with_reject ? -1 : 1;
+			goto end;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (state->fake_ancestor &&
+	    build_fake_ancestor(state, list)) {
+		res = -128;
+		goto end;
+	}
+
+	if (state->diffstat && state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_silent)
+		stat_patch_list(state, list);
+
+	if (state->numstat && state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_silent)
+		numstat_patch_list(state, list);
+
+	if (state->summary && state->apply_verbosity > verbosity_silent)
+		summary_patch_list(list);
+
+end:
+	free_patch_list(list);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	string_list_clear(&state->fn_table, 0);
+	return res;
+}
+
+static int apply_option_parse_exclude(const struct option *opt,
+				      const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct apply_state *state = opt->value;
+	add_name_limit(state, arg, 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int apply_option_parse_include(const struct option *opt,
+				      const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct apply_state *state = opt->value;
+	add_name_limit(state, arg, 0);
+	state->has_include = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int apply_option_parse_p(const struct option *opt,
+				const char *arg,
+				int unset)
+{
+	struct apply_state *state = opt->value;
+	state->p_value = atoi(arg);
+	state->p_value_known = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int apply_option_parse_space_change(const struct option *opt,
+					   const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct apply_state *state = opt->value;
+	if (unset)
+		state->ws_ignore_action = ignore_ws_none;
+	else
+		state->ws_ignore_action = ignore_ws_change;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int apply_option_parse_whitespace(const struct option *opt,
+					 const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct apply_state *state = opt->value;
+	state->whitespace_option = arg;
+	if (parse_whitespace_option(state, arg))
+		exit(1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int apply_option_parse_directory(const struct option *opt,
+					const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct apply_state *state = opt->value;
+	strbuf_reset(&state->root);
+	strbuf_addstr(&state->root, arg);
+	strbuf_complete(&state->root, '/');
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int apply_all_patches(struct apply_state *state,
+		      int argc,
+		      const char **argv,
+		      int options)
+{
+	int i;
+	int res;
+	int errs = 0;
+	int read_stdin = 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+		const char *arg = argv[i];
+		char *to_free = NULL;
+		int fd;
+
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "-")) {
+			res = apply_patch(state, 0, "<stdin>", options);
+			if (res < 0)
+				goto end;
+			errs |= res;
+			read_stdin = 0;
+			continue;
+		} else
+			arg = to_free = prefix_filename(state->prefix, arg);
+
+		fd = open(arg, O_RDONLY);
+		if (fd < 0) {
+			error(_("can't open patch '%s': %s"), arg, strerror(errno));
+			res = -128;
+			free(to_free);
+			goto end;
+		}
+		read_stdin = 0;
+		set_default_whitespace_mode(state);
+		res = apply_patch(state, fd, arg, options);
+		close(fd);
+		free(to_free);
+		if (res < 0)
+			goto end;
+		errs |= res;
+	}
+	set_default_whitespace_mode(state);
+	if (read_stdin) {
+		res = apply_patch(state, 0, "<stdin>", options);
+		if (res < 0)
+			goto end;
+		errs |= res;
+	}
+
+	if (state->whitespace_error) {
+		if (state->squelch_whitespace_errors &&
+		    state->squelch_whitespace_errors < state->whitespace_error) {
+			int squelched =
+				state->whitespace_error - state->squelch_whitespace_errors;
+			warning(Q_("squelched %d whitespace error",
+				   "squelched %d whitespace errors",
+				   squelched),
+				squelched);
+		}
+		if (state->ws_error_action == die_on_ws_error) {
+			error(Q_("%d line adds whitespace errors.",
+				 "%d lines add whitespace errors.",
+				 state->whitespace_error),
+			      state->whitespace_error);
+			res = -128;
+			goto end;
+		}
+		if (state->applied_after_fixing_ws && state->apply)
+			warning(Q_("%d line applied after"
+				   " fixing whitespace errors.",
+				   "%d lines applied after"
+				   " fixing whitespace errors.",
+				   state->applied_after_fixing_ws),
+				state->applied_after_fixing_ws);
+		else if (state->whitespace_error)
+			warning(Q_("%d line adds whitespace errors.",
+				   "%d lines add whitespace errors.",
+				   state->whitespace_error),
+				state->whitespace_error);
+	}
+
+	if (state->update_index) {
+		res = write_locked_index(state->repo->index, &state->lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK);
+		if (res) {
+			error(_("Unable to write new index file"));
+			res = -128;
+			goto end;
+		}
+	}
+
+	res = !!errs;
+
+end:
+	rollback_lock_file(&state->lock_file);
+
+	if (state->apply_verbosity <= verbosity_silent) {
+		set_error_routine(state->saved_error_routine);
+		set_warn_routine(state->saved_warn_routine);
+	}
+
+	if (res > -1)
+		return res;
+	return (res == -1 ? 1 : 128);
+}
+
+int apply_parse_options(int argc, const char **argv,
+			struct apply_state *state,
+			int *force_apply, int *options,
+			const char * const *apply_usage)
+{
+	struct option builtin_apply_options[] = {
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude", state, N_("path"),
+			N_("don't apply changes matching the given path"),
+			0, apply_option_parse_exclude },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "include", state, N_("path"),
+			N_("apply changes matching the given path"),
+			0, apply_option_parse_include },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'p', NULL, state, N_("num"),
+			N_("remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"),
+			0, apply_option_parse_p },
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "no-add", &state->no_add,
+			N_("ignore additions made by the patch")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "stat", &state->diffstat,
+			N_("instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input")),
+		OPT_NOOP_NOARG(0, "allow-binary-replacement"),
+		OPT_NOOP_NOARG(0, "binary"),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "numstat", &state->numstat,
+			N_("show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "summary", &state->summary,
+			N_("instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "check", &state->check,
+			N_("instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "index", &state->check_index,
+			N_("make sure the patch is applicable to the current index")),
+		OPT_BOOL('N', "intent-to-add", &state->ita_only,
+			N_("mark new files with `git add --intent-to-add`")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "cached", &state->cached,
+			N_("apply a patch without touching the working tree")),
+		OPT_BOOL_F(0, "unsafe-paths", &state->unsafe_paths,
+			   N_("accept a patch that touches outside the working area"),
+			   PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "apply", force_apply,
+			N_("also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)")),
+		OPT_BOOL('3', "3way", &state->threeway,
+			 N_( "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply")),
+		OPT_FILENAME(0, "build-fake-ancestor", &state->fake_ancestor,
+			N_("build a temporary index based on embedded index information")),
+		/* Think twice before adding "--nul" synonym to this */
+		OPT_SET_INT('z', NULL, &state->line_termination,
+			N_("paths are separated with NUL character"), '\0'),
+		OPT_INTEGER('C', NULL, &state->p_context,
+				N_("ensure at least <n> lines of context match")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "whitespace", state, N_("action"),
+			N_("detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"),
+			0, apply_option_parse_whitespace },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "ignore-space-change", state, NULL,
+			N_("ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"),
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, apply_option_parse_space_change },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "ignore-whitespace", state, NULL,
+			N_("ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"),
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, apply_option_parse_space_change },
+		OPT_BOOL('R', "reverse", &state->apply_in_reverse,
+			N_("apply the patch in reverse")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "unidiff-zero", &state->unidiff_zero,
+			N_("don't expect at least one line of context")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "reject", &state->apply_with_reject,
+			N_("leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "allow-overlap", &state->allow_overlap,
+			N_("allow overlapping hunks")),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&state->apply_verbosity, N_("be verbose")),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "inaccurate-eof", options,
+			N_("tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"),
+			APPLY_OPT_INACCURATE_EOF),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "recount", options,
+			N_("do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"),
+			APPLY_OPT_RECOUNT),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "directory", state, N_("root"),
+			N_("prepend <root> to all filenames"),
+			0, apply_option_parse_directory },
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	return parse_options(argc, argv, state->prefix, builtin_apply_options, apply_usage, 0);
+}
diff --git a/apply.h b/apply.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5948348133
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apply.h
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+#ifndef APPLY_H
+#define APPLY_H
+
+#include "lockfile.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+struct repository;
+
+enum apply_ws_error_action {
+	nowarn_ws_error,
+	warn_on_ws_error,
+	die_on_ws_error,
+	correct_ws_error
+};
+
+enum apply_ws_ignore {
+	ignore_ws_none,
+	ignore_ws_change
+};
+
+enum apply_verbosity {
+	verbosity_silent = -1,
+	verbosity_normal = 0,
+	verbosity_verbose = 1
+};
+
+/*
+ * We need to keep track of how symlinks in the preimage are
+ * manipulated by the patches.  A patch to add a/b/c where a/b
+ * is a symlink should not be allowed to affect the directory
+ * the symlink points at, but if the same patch removes a/b,
+ * it is perfectly fine, as the patch removes a/b to make room
+ * to create a directory a/b so that a/b/c can be created.
+ *
+ * See also "struct string_list symlink_changes" in "struct
+ * apply_state".
+ */
+#define APPLY_SYMLINK_GOES_AWAY 01
+#define APPLY_SYMLINK_IN_RESULT 02
+
+struct apply_state {
+	const char *prefix;
+
+	/* Lock file */
+	struct lock_file lock_file;
+
+	/* These control what gets looked at and modified */
+	int apply; /* this is not a dry-run */
+	int cached; /* apply to the index only */
+	int check; /* preimage must match working tree, don't actually apply */
+	int check_index; /* preimage must match the indexed version */
+	int update_index; /* check_index && apply */
+	int ita_only;	  /* add intent-to-add entries to the index */
+
+	/* These control cosmetic aspect of the output */
+	int diffstat; /* just show a diffstat, and don't actually apply */
+	int numstat; /* just show a numeric diffstat, and don't actually apply */
+	int summary; /* just report creation, deletion, etc, and don't actually apply */
+
+	/* These boolean parameters control how the apply is done */
+	int allow_overlap;
+	int apply_in_reverse;
+	int apply_with_reject;
+	int no_add;
+	int threeway;
+	int unidiff_zero;
+	int unsafe_paths;
+
+	/* Other non boolean parameters */
+	struct repository *repo;
+	const char *index_file;
+	enum apply_verbosity apply_verbosity;
+	const char *fake_ancestor;
+	const char *patch_input_file;
+	int line_termination;
+	struct strbuf root;
+	int p_value;
+	int p_value_known;
+	unsigned int p_context;
+
+	/* Exclude and include path parameters */
+	struct string_list limit_by_name;
+	int has_include;
+
+	/* Various "current state" */
+	int linenr; /* current line number */
+	struct string_list symlink_changes; /* we have to track symlinks */
+
+	/*
+	 * For "diff-stat" like behaviour, we keep track of the biggest change
+	 * we've seen, and the longest filename. That allows us to do simple
+	 * scaling.
+	 */
+	int max_change;
+	int max_len;
+
+	/*
+	 * Records filenames that have been touched, in order to handle
+	 * the case where more than one patches touch the same file.
+	 */
+	struct string_list fn_table;
+
+	/*
+	 * This is to save reporting routines before using
+	 * set_error_routine() or set_warn_routine() to install muting
+	 * routines when in verbosity_silent mode.
+	 */
+	void (*saved_error_routine)(const char *err, va_list params);
+	void (*saved_warn_routine)(const char *warn, va_list params);
+
+	/* These control whitespace errors */
+	enum apply_ws_error_action ws_error_action;
+	enum apply_ws_ignore ws_ignore_action;
+	const char *whitespace_option;
+	int whitespace_error;
+	int squelch_whitespace_errors;
+	int applied_after_fixing_ws;
+};
+
+int apply_parse_options(int argc, const char **argv,
+			struct apply_state *state,
+			int *force_apply, int *options,
+			const char * const *apply_usage);
+int init_apply_state(struct apply_state *state,
+		     struct repository *repo,
+		     const char *prefix);
+void clear_apply_state(struct apply_state *state);
+int check_apply_state(struct apply_state *state, int force_apply);
+
+/*
+ * Some aspects of the apply behavior are controlled by the following
+ * bits in the "options" parameter passed to apply_all_patches().
+ */
+#define APPLY_OPT_INACCURATE_EOF	(1<<0) /* accept inaccurate eof */
+#define APPLY_OPT_RECOUNT		(1<<1) /* accept inaccurate line count */
+
+int apply_all_patches(struct apply_state *state,
+		      int argc, const char **argv,
+		      int options);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/archive-tar.c b/archive-tar.c
index 0d1e6bd754..7a535cba24 100644
--- a/archive-tar.c
+++ b/archive-tar.c
@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2006 Rene Scharfe
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "tar.h"
 #include "archive.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "streaming.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 
@@ -18,6 +20,24 @@ static int tar_umask = 002;
 static int write_tar_filter_archive(const struct archiver *ar,
 				    struct archiver_args *args);
 
+/*
+ * This is the max value that a ustar size header can specify, as it is fixed
+ * at 11 octal digits. POSIX specifies that we switch to extended headers at
+ * this size.
+ *
+ * Likewise for the mtime (which happens to use a buffer of the same size).
+ */
+#if ULONG_MAX == 0xFFFFFFFF
+#define USTAR_MAX_SIZE ULONG_MAX
+#else
+#define USTAR_MAX_SIZE 077777777777UL
+#endif
+#if TIME_MAX == 0xFFFFFFFF
+#define USTAR_MAX_MTIME TIME_MAX
+#else
+#define USTAR_MAX_MTIME 077777777777ULL
+#endif
+
 /* writes out the whole block, but only if it is full */
 static void write_if_needed(void)
 {
@@ -92,7 +112,7 @@ static void write_trailer(void)
  * queues up writes, so that all our write(2) calls write exactly one
  * full block; pads writes to RECORDSIZE
  */
-static int stream_blocked(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static int stream_blocked(const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct git_istream *st;
 	enum object_type type;
@@ -100,9 +120,9 @@ static int stream_blocked(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	char buf[BLOCKSIZE];
 	ssize_t readlen;
 
-	st = open_istream(sha1, &type, &sz, NULL);
+	st = open_istream(oid, &type, &sz, NULL);
 	if (!st)
-		return error("cannot stream blob %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		return error(_("cannot stream blob %s"), oid_to_hex(oid));
 	for (;;) {
 		readlen = read_istream(st, buf, sizeof(buf));
 		if (readlen <= 0)
@@ -137,6 +157,20 @@ static void strbuf_append_ext_header(struct strbuf *sb, const char *keyword,
 	strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 }
 
+/*
+ * Like strbuf_append_ext_header, but for numeric values.
+ */
+static void strbuf_append_ext_header_uint(struct strbuf *sb,
+					  const char *keyword,
+					  uintmax_t value)
+{
+	char buf[40]; /* big enough for 2^128 in decimal, plus NUL */
+	int len;
+
+	len = xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%"PRIuMAX, value);
+	strbuf_append_ext_header(sb, keyword, buf, len);
+}
+
 static unsigned int ustar_header_chksum(const struct ustar_header *header)
 {
 	const unsigned char *p = (const unsigned char *)header;
@@ -167,48 +201,47 @@ static void prepare_header(struct archiver_args *args,
 			   struct ustar_header *header,
 			   unsigned int mode, unsigned long size)
 {
-	sprintf(header->mode, "%07o", mode & 07777);
-	sprintf(header->size, "%011lo", S_ISREG(mode) ? size : 0);
-	sprintf(header->mtime, "%011lo", (unsigned long) args->time);
+	xsnprintf(header->mode, sizeof(header->mode), "%07o", mode & 07777);
+	xsnprintf(header->size, sizeof(header->size), "%011lo", S_ISREG(mode) ? size : 0);
+	xsnprintf(header->mtime, sizeof(header->mtime), "%011lo", (unsigned long) args->time);
 
-	sprintf(header->uid, "%07o", 0);
-	sprintf(header->gid, "%07o", 0);
+	xsnprintf(header->uid, sizeof(header->uid), "%07o", 0);
+	xsnprintf(header->gid, sizeof(header->gid), "%07o", 0);
 	strlcpy(header->uname, "root", sizeof(header->uname));
 	strlcpy(header->gname, "root", sizeof(header->gname));
-	sprintf(header->devmajor, "%07o", 0);
-	sprintf(header->devminor, "%07o", 0);
+	xsnprintf(header->devmajor, sizeof(header->devmajor), "%07o", 0);
+	xsnprintf(header->devminor, sizeof(header->devminor), "%07o", 0);
 
 	memcpy(header->magic, "ustar", 6);
 	memcpy(header->version, "00", 2);
 
-	sprintf(header->chksum, "%07o", ustar_header_chksum(header));
+	xsnprintf(header->chksum, sizeof(header->chksum), "%07o", ustar_header_chksum(header));
 }
 
-static int write_extended_header(struct archiver_args *args,
-				 const unsigned char *sha1,
-				 const void *buffer, unsigned long size)
+static void write_extended_header(struct archiver_args *args,
+				  const struct object_id *oid,
+				  const void *buffer, unsigned long size)
 {
 	struct ustar_header header;
 	unsigned int mode;
 	memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
 	*header.typeflag = TYPEFLAG_EXT_HEADER;
 	mode = 0100666;
-	sprintf(header.name, "%s.paxheader", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	xsnprintf(header.name, sizeof(header.name), "%s.paxheader", oid_to_hex(oid));
 	prepare_header(args, &header, mode, size);
 	write_blocked(&header, sizeof(header));
 	write_blocked(buffer, size);
-	return 0;
 }
 
 static int write_tar_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
-			   const unsigned char *sha1,
+			   const struct object_id *oid,
 			   const char *path, size_t pathlen,
 			   unsigned int mode)
 {
 	struct ustar_header header;
 	struct strbuf ext_header = STRBUF_INIT;
 	unsigned int old_mode = mode;
-	unsigned long size;
+	unsigned long size, size_in_header;
 	void *buffer;
 	int err = 0;
 
@@ -224,8 +257,8 @@ static int write_tar_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 		*header.typeflag = TYPEFLAG_REG;
 		mode = (mode | ((mode & 0100) ? 0777 : 0666)) & ~tar_umask;
 	} else {
-		return error("unsupported file mode: 0%o (SHA1: %s)",
-			     mode, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		return error(_("unsupported file mode: 0%o (SHA1: %s)"),
+			     mode, oid_to_hex(oid));
 	}
 	if (pathlen > sizeof(header.name)) {
 		size_t plen = get_path_prefix(path, pathlen,
@@ -233,10 +266,10 @@ static int write_tar_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 		size_t rest = pathlen - plen - 1;
 		if (plen > 0 && rest <= sizeof(header.name)) {
 			memcpy(header.prefix, path, plen);
-				memcpy(header.name, path + plen + 1, rest);
+			memcpy(header.name, path + plen + 1, rest);
 		} else {
-			sprintf(header.name, "%s.data",
-				sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			xsnprintf(header.name, sizeof(header.name), "%s.data",
+				  oid_to_hex(oid));
 			strbuf_append_ext_header(&ext_header, "path",
 						 path, pathlen);
 		}
@@ -244,14 +277,14 @@ static int write_tar_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 		memcpy(header.name, path, pathlen);
 
 	if (S_ISREG(mode) && !args->convert &&
-	    sha1_object_info(sha1, &size) == OBJ_BLOB &&
+	    oid_object_info(args->repo, oid, &size) == OBJ_BLOB &&
 	    size > big_file_threshold)
 		buffer = NULL;
 	else if (S_ISLNK(mode) || S_ISREG(mode)) {
 		enum object_type type;
-		buffer = sha1_file_to_archive(args, path, sha1, old_mode, &type, &size);
+		buffer = object_file_to_archive(args, path, oid, old_mode, &type, &size);
 		if (!buffer)
-			return error("cannot read %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			return error(_("cannot read %s"), oid_to_hex(oid));
 	} else {
 		buffer = NULL;
 		size = 0;
@@ -259,23 +292,25 @@ static int write_tar_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 
 	if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
 		if (size > sizeof(header.linkname)) {
-			sprintf(header.linkname, "see %s.paxheader",
-			        sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			xsnprintf(header.linkname, sizeof(header.linkname),
+				  "see %s.paxheader", oid_to_hex(oid));
 			strbuf_append_ext_header(&ext_header, "linkpath",
 			                         buffer, size);
 		} else
 			memcpy(header.linkname, buffer, size);
 	}
 
-	prepare_header(args, &header, mode, size);
+	size_in_header = size;
+	if (S_ISREG(mode) && size > USTAR_MAX_SIZE) {
+		size_in_header = 0;
+		strbuf_append_ext_header_uint(&ext_header, "size", size);
+	}
+
+	prepare_header(args, &header, mode, size_in_header);
 
 	if (ext_header.len > 0) {
-		err = write_extended_header(args, sha1, ext_header.buf,
-					    ext_header.len);
-		if (err) {
-			free(buffer);
-			return err;
-		}
+		write_extended_header(args, oid, ext_header.buf,
+				      ext_header.len);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&ext_header);
 	write_blocked(&header, sizeof(header));
@@ -283,30 +318,39 @@ static int write_tar_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 		if (buffer)
 			write_blocked(buffer, size);
 		else
-			err = stream_blocked(sha1);
+			err = stream_blocked(oid);
 	}
 	free(buffer);
 	return err;
 }
 
-static int write_global_extended_header(struct archiver_args *args)
+static void write_global_extended_header(struct archiver_args *args)
 {
 	const unsigned char *sha1 = args->commit_sha1;
 	struct strbuf ext_header = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct ustar_header header;
 	unsigned int mode;
-	int err = 0;
 
-	strbuf_append_ext_header(&ext_header, "comment", sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
+	if (sha1)
+		strbuf_append_ext_header(&ext_header, "comment",
+					 sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
+	if (args->time > USTAR_MAX_MTIME) {
+		strbuf_append_ext_header_uint(&ext_header, "mtime",
+					      args->time);
+		args->time = USTAR_MAX_MTIME;
+	}
+
+	if (!ext_header.len)
+		return;
+
 	memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
 	*header.typeflag = TYPEFLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
 	mode = 0100666;
-	strcpy(header.name, "pax_global_header");
+	xsnprintf(header.name, sizeof(header.name), "pax_global_header");
 	prepare_header(args, &header, mode, ext_header.len);
 	write_blocked(&header, sizeof(header));
 	write_blocked(ext_header.buf, ext_header.len);
 	strbuf_release(&ext_header);
-	return err;
 }
 
 static struct archiver **tar_filters;
@@ -382,10 +426,8 @@ static int write_tar_archive(const struct archiver *ar,
 {
 	int err = 0;
 
-	if (args->commit_sha1)
-		err = write_global_extended_header(args);
-	if (!err)
-		err = write_archive_entries(args, write_tar_entry);
+	write_global_extended_header(args);
+	err = write_archive_entries(args, write_tar_entry);
 	if (!err)
 		write_trailer();
 	return err;
@@ -400,7 +442,7 @@ static int write_tar_filter_archive(const struct archiver *ar,
 	int r;
 
 	if (!ar->data)
-		die("BUG: tar-filter archiver called with no filter defined");
+		BUG("tar-filter archiver called with no filter defined");
 
 	strbuf_addstr(&cmd, ar->data);
 	if (args->compression_level >= 0)
@@ -413,17 +455,17 @@ static int write_tar_filter_archive(const struct archiver *ar,
 	filter.in = -1;
 
 	if (start_command(&filter) < 0)
-		die_errno("unable to start '%s' filter", argv[0]);
+		die_errno(_("unable to start '%s' filter"), argv[0]);
 	close(1);
 	if (dup2(filter.in, 1) < 0)
-		die_errno("unable to redirect descriptor");
+		die_errno(_("unable to redirect descriptor"));
 	close(filter.in);
 
 	r = write_tar_archive(ar, args);
 
 	close(1);
 	if (finish_command(&filter) != 0)
-		die("'%s' filter reported error", argv[0]);
+		die(_("'%s' filter reported error"), argv[0]);
 
 	strbuf_release(&cmd);
 	return r;
diff --git a/archive-zip.c b/archive-zip.c
index ffb3535e93..5a62351ab1 100644
--- a/archive-zip.c
+++ b/archive-zip.c
@@ -2,23 +2,25 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2006 Rene Scharfe
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "archive.h"
 #include "streaming.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "userdiff.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 
 static int zip_date;
 static int zip_time;
 
-static unsigned char *zip_dir;
-static unsigned int zip_dir_size;
+/* We only care about the "buf" part here. */
+static struct strbuf zip_dir;
 
-static unsigned int zip_offset;
-static unsigned int zip_dir_offset;
-static unsigned int zip_dir_entries;
+static uintmax_t zip_offset;
+static uint64_t zip_dir_entries;
+
+static unsigned int max_creator_version;
 
-#define ZIP_DIRECTORY_MIN_SIZE	(1024 * 1024)
 #define ZIP_STREAM	(1 <<  3)
 #define ZIP_UTF8	(1 << 11)
 
@@ -45,24 +47,11 @@ struct zip_data_desc {
 	unsigned char _end[1];
 };
 
-struct zip_dir_header {
+struct zip64_data_desc {
 	unsigned char magic[4];
-	unsigned char creator_version[2];
-	unsigned char version[2];
-	unsigned char flags[2];
-	unsigned char compression_method[2];
-	unsigned char mtime[2];
-	unsigned char mdate[2];
 	unsigned char crc32[4];
-	unsigned char compressed_size[4];
-	unsigned char size[4];
-	unsigned char filename_length[2];
-	unsigned char extra_length[2];
-	unsigned char comment_length[2];
-	unsigned char disk[2];
-	unsigned char attr1[2];
-	unsigned char attr2[4];
-	unsigned char offset[4];
+	unsigned char compressed_size[8];
+	unsigned char size[8];
 	unsigned char _end[1];
 };
 
@@ -86,6 +75,36 @@ struct zip_extra_mtime {
 	unsigned char _end[1];
 };
 
+struct zip64_extra {
+	unsigned char magic[2];
+	unsigned char extra_size[2];
+	unsigned char size[8];
+	unsigned char compressed_size[8];
+	unsigned char _end[1];
+};
+
+struct zip64_dir_trailer {
+	unsigned char magic[4];
+	unsigned char record_size[8];
+	unsigned char creator_version[2];
+	unsigned char version[2];
+	unsigned char disk[4];
+	unsigned char directory_start_disk[4];
+	unsigned char entries_on_this_disk[8];
+	unsigned char entries[8];
+	unsigned char size[8];
+	unsigned char offset[8];
+	unsigned char _end[1];
+};
+
+struct zip64_dir_trailer_locator {
+	unsigned char magic[4];
+	unsigned char disk[4];
+	unsigned char offset[8];
+	unsigned char number_of_disks[4];
+	unsigned char _end[1];
+};
+
 /*
  * On ARM, padding is added at the end of the struct, so a simple
  * sizeof(struct ...) reports two bytes more than the payload size
@@ -93,11 +112,21 @@ struct zip_extra_mtime {
  */
 #define ZIP_LOCAL_HEADER_SIZE	offsetof(struct zip_local_header, _end)
 #define ZIP_DATA_DESC_SIZE	offsetof(struct zip_data_desc, _end)
+#define ZIP64_DATA_DESC_SIZE	offsetof(struct zip64_data_desc, _end)
 #define ZIP_DIR_HEADER_SIZE	offsetof(struct zip_dir_header, _end)
 #define ZIP_DIR_TRAILER_SIZE	offsetof(struct zip_dir_trailer, _end)
 #define ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE	offsetof(struct zip_extra_mtime, _end)
 #define ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_PAYLOAD_SIZE \
 	(ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE - offsetof(struct zip_extra_mtime, flags))
+#define ZIP64_EXTRA_SIZE	offsetof(struct zip64_extra, _end)
+#define ZIP64_EXTRA_PAYLOAD_SIZE \
+	(ZIP64_EXTRA_SIZE - offsetof(struct zip64_extra, size))
+#define ZIP64_DIR_TRAILER_SIZE	offsetof(struct zip64_dir_trailer, _end)
+#define ZIP64_DIR_TRAILER_RECORD_SIZE \
+	(ZIP64_DIR_TRAILER_SIZE - \
+	 offsetof(struct zip64_dir_trailer, creator_version))
+#define ZIP64_DIR_TRAILER_LOCATOR_SIZE \
+	offsetof(struct zip64_dir_trailer_locator, _end)
 
 static void copy_le16(unsigned char *dest, unsigned int n)
 {
@@ -113,6 +142,51 @@ static void copy_le32(unsigned char *dest, unsigned int n)
 	dest[3] = 0xff & (n >> 030);
 }
 
+static void copy_le64(unsigned char *dest, uint64_t n)
+{
+	dest[0] = 0xff & n;
+	dest[1] = 0xff & (n >> 010);
+	dest[2] = 0xff & (n >> 020);
+	dest[3] = 0xff & (n >> 030);
+	dest[4] = 0xff & (n >> 040);
+	dest[5] = 0xff & (n >> 050);
+	dest[6] = 0xff & (n >> 060);
+	dest[7] = 0xff & (n >> 070);
+}
+
+static uint64_t clamp_max(uint64_t n, uint64_t max, int *clamped)
+{
+	if (n <= max)
+		return n;
+	*clamped = 1;
+	return max;
+}
+
+static void copy_le16_clamp(unsigned char *dest, uint64_t n, int *clamped)
+{
+	copy_le16(dest, clamp_max(n, 0xffff, clamped));
+}
+
+static void copy_le32_clamp(unsigned char *dest, uint64_t n, int *clamped)
+{
+	copy_le32(dest, clamp_max(n, 0xffffffff, clamped));
+}
+
+static int strbuf_add_le(struct strbuf *sb, size_t size, uintmax_t n)
+{
+	while (size-- > 0) {
+		strbuf_addch(sb, n & 0xff);
+		n >>= 8;
+	}
+	return -!!n;
+}
+
+static uint32_t clamp32(uintmax_t n)
+{
+	const uintmax_t max = 0xffffffff;
+	return (n < max) ? n : max;
+}
+
 static void *zlib_deflate_raw(void *data, unsigned long size,
 			      int compression_level,
 			      unsigned long *compressed_size)
@@ -150,23 +224,23 @@ static void write_zip_data_desc(unsigned long size,
 				unsigned long compressed_size,
 				unsigned long crc)
 {
-	struct zip_data_desc trailer;
-
-	copy_le32(trailer.magic, 0x08074b50);
-	copy_le32(trailer.crc32, crc);
-	copy_le32(trailer.compressed_size, compressed_size);
-	copy_le32(trailer.size, size);
-	write_or_die(1, &trailer, ZIP_DATA_DESC_SIZE);
-}
-
-static void set_zip_dir_data_desc(struct zip_dir_header *header,
-				  unsigned long size,
-				  unsigned long compressed_size,
-				  unsigned long crc)
-{
-	copy_le32(header->crc32, crc);
-	copy_le32(header->compressed_size, compressed_size);
-	copy_le32(header->size, size);
+	if (size >= 0xffffffff || compressed_size >= 0xffffffff) {
+		struct zip64_data_desc trailer;
+		copy_le32(trailer.magic, 0x08074b50);
+		copy_le32(trailer.crc32, crc);
+		copy_le64(trailer.compressed_size, compressed_size);
+		copy_le64(trailer.size, size);
+		write_or_die(1, &trailer, ZIP64_DATA_DESC_SIZE);
+		zip_offset += ZIP64_DATA_DESC_SIZE;
+	} else {
+		struct zip_data_desc trailer;
+		copy_le32(trailer.magic, 0x08074b50);
+		copy_le32(trailer.crc32, crc);
+		copy_le32(trailer.compressed_size, compressed_size);
+		copy_le32(trailer.size, size);
+		write_or_die(1, &trailer, ZIP_DATA_DESC_SIZE);
+		zip_offset += ZIP_DATA_DESC_SIZE;
+	}
 }
 
 static void set_zip_header_data_desc(struct zip_local_header *header,
@@ -203,17 +277,19 @@ static int entry_is_binary(const char *path, const void *buffer, size_t size)
 #define STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE (1024 * 16)
 
 static int write_zip_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
-			   const unsigned char *sha1,
+			   const struct object_id *oid,
 			   const char *path, size_t pathlen,
 			   unsigned int mode)
 {
 	struct zip_local_header header;
-	struct zip_dir_header dirent;
+	uintmax_t offset = zip_offset;
 	struct zip_extra_mtime extra;
+	struct zip64_extra extra64;
+	size_t header_extra_size = ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE;
+	int need_zip64_extra = 0;
 	unsigned long attr2;
 	unsigned long compressed_size;
 	unsigned long crc;
-	unsigned long direntsize;
 	int method;
 	unsigned char *out;
 	void *deflated = NULL;
@@ -223,6 +299,10 @@ static int write_zip_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 	unsigned long size;
 	int is_binary = -1;
 	const char *path_without_prefix = path + args->baselen;
+	unsigned int creator_version = 0;
+	unsigned int version_needed = 10;
+	size_t zip_dir_extra_size = ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE;
+	size_t zip64_dir_extra_payload_size = 0;
 
 	crc = crc32(0, NULL, 0);
 
@@ -230,12 +310,12 @@ static int write_zip_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 		if (is_utf8(path))
 			flags |= ZIP_UTF8;
 		else
-			warning("Path is not valid UTF-8: %s", path);
+			warning(_("path is not valid UTF-8: %s"), path);
 	}
 
 	if (pathlen > 0xffff) {
-		return error("path too long (%d chars, SHA1: %s): %s",
-				(int)pathlen, sha1_to_hex(sha1), path);
+		return error(_("path too long (%d chars, SHA1: %s): %s"),
+				(int)pathlen, oid_to_hex(oid), path);
 	}
 
 	if (S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
@@ -246,28 +326,31 @@ static int write_zip_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 		compressed_size = 0;
 		buffer = NULL;
 	} else if (S_ISREG(mode) || S_ISLNK(mode)) {
-		enum object_type type = sha1_object_info(sha1, &size);
+		enum object_type type = oid_object_info(args->repo, oid,
+							&size);
 
 		method = 0;
 		attr2 = S_ISLNK(mode) ? ((mode | 0777) << 16) :
 			(mode & 0111) ? ((mode) << 16) : 0;
+		if (S_ISLNK(mode) || (mode & 0111))
+			creator_version = 0x0317;
 		if (S_ISREG(mode) && args->compression_level != 0 && size > 0)
 			method = 8;
 
 		if (S_ISREG(mode) && type == OBJ_BLOB && !args->convert &&
 		    size > big_file_threshold) {
-			stream = open_istream(sha1, &type, &size, NULL);
+			stream = open_istream(oid, &type, &size, NULL);
 			if (!stream)
-				return error("cannot stream blob %s",
-					     sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+				return error(_("cannot stream blob %s"),
+					     oid_to_hex(oid));
 			flags |= ZIP_STREAM;
 			out = buffer = NULL;
 		} else {
-			buffer = sha1_file_to_archive(args, path, sha1, mode,
-						      &type, &size);
+			buffer = object_file_to_archive(args, path, oid, mode,
+							&type, &size);
 			if (!buffer)
-				return error("cannot read %s",
-					     sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+				return error(_("cannot read %s"),
+					     oid_to_hex(oid));
 			crc = crc32(crc, buffer, size);
 			is_binary = entry_is_binary(path_without_prefix,
 						    buffer, size);
@@ -275,10 +358,13 @@ static int write_zip_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 		}
 		compressed_size = (method == 0) ? size : 0;
 	} else {
-		return error("unsupported file mode: 0%o (SHA1: %s)", mode,
-				sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		return error(_("unsupported file mode: 0%o (SHA1: %s)"), mode,
+				oid_to_hex(oid));
 	}
 
+	if (creator_version > max_creator_version)
+		max_creator_version = creator_version;
+
 	if (buffer && method == 8) {
 		out = deflated = zlib_deflate_raw(buffer, size,
 						  args->compression_level,
@@ -295,44 +381,43 @@ static int write_zip_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 	extra.flags[0] = 1;	/* just mtime */
 	copy_le32(extra.mtime, args->time);
 
-	/* make sure we have enough free space in the dictionary */
-	direntsize = ZIP_DIR_HEADER_SIZE + pathlen + ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE;
-	while (zip_dir_size < zip_dir_offset + direntsize) {
-		zip_dir_size += ZIP_DIRECTORY_MIN_SIZE;
-		zip_dir = xrealloc(zip_dir, zip_dir_size);
-	}
+	if (size > 0xffffffff || compressed_size > 0xffffffff)
+		need_zip64_extra = 1;
+	if (stream && size > 0x7fffffff)
+		need_zip64_extra = 1;
 
-	copy_le32(dirent.magic, 0x02014b50);
-	copy_le16(dirent.creator_version,
-		S_ISLNK(mode) || (S_ISREG(mode) && (mode & 0111)) ? 0x0317 : 0);
-	copy_le16(dirent.version, 10);
-	copy_le16(dirent.flags, flags);
-	copy_le16(dirent.compression_method, method);
-	copy_le16(dirent.mtime, zip_time);
-	copy_le16(dirent.mdate, zip_date);
-	set_zip_dir_data_desc(&dirent, size, compressed_size, crc);
-	copy_le16(dirent.filename_length, pathlen);
-	copy_le16(dirent.extra_length, ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE);
-	copy_le16(dirent.comment_length, 0);
-	copy_le16(dirent.disk, 0);
-	copy_le32(dirent.attr2, attr2);
-	copy_le32(dirent.offset, zip_offset);
+	if (need_zip64_extra)
+		version_needed = 45;
 
 	copy_le32(header.magic, 0x04034b50);
-	copy_le16(header.version, 10);
+	copy_le16(header.version, version_needed);
 	copy_le16(header.flags, flags);
 	copy_le16(header.compression_method, method);
 	copy_le16(header.mtime, zip_time);
 	copy_le16(header.mdate, zip_date);
-	set_zip_header_data_desc(&header, size, compressed_size, crc);
+	if (need_zip64_extra) {
+		set_zip_header_data_desc(&header, 0xffffffff, 0xffffffff, crc);
+		header_extra_size += ZIP64_EXTRA_SIZE;
+	} else {
+		set_zip_header_data_desc(&header, size, compressed_size, crc);
+	}
 	copy_le16(header.filename_length, pathlen);
-	copy_le16(header.extra_length, ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE);
+	copy_le16(header.extra_length, header_extra_size);
 	write_or_die(1, &header, ZIP_LOCAL_HEADER_SIZE);
 	zip_offset += ZIP_LOCAL_HEADER_SIZE;
 	write_or_die(1, path, pathlen);
 	zip_offset += pathlen;
 	write_or_die(1, &extra, ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE);
 	zip_offset += ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE;
+	if (need_zip64_extra) {
+		copy_le16(extra64.magic, 0x0001);
+		copy_le16(extra64.extra_size, ZIP64_EXTRA_PAYLOAD_SIZE);
+		copy_le64(extra64.size, size);
+		copy_le64(extra64.compressed_size, compressed_size);
+		write_or_die(1, &extra64, ZIP64_EXTRA_SIZE);
+		zip_offset += ZIP64_EXTRA_SIZE;
+	}
+
 	if (stream && method == 0) {
 		unsigned char buf[STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE];
 		ssize_t readlen;
@@ -355,9 +440,6 @@ static int write_zip_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 		zip_offset += compressed_size;
 
 		write_zip_data_desc(size, compressed_size, crc);
-		zip_offset += ZIP_DATA_DESC_SIZE;
-
-		set_zip_dir_data_desc(&dirent, size, compressed_size, crc);
 	} else if (stream && method == 8) {
 		unsigned char buf[STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE];
 		ssize_t readlen;
@@ -385,7 +467,7 @@ static int write_zip_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 			zstream.avail_in = readlen;
 			result = git_deflate(&zstream, 0);
 			if (result != Z_OK)
-				die("deflate error (%d)", result);
+				die(_("deflate error (%d)"), result);
 			out_len = zstream.next_out - compressed;
 
 			if (out_len > 0) {
@@ -413,9 +495,6 @@ static int write_zip_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 		zip_offset += compressed_size;
 
 		write_zip_data_desc(size, compressed_size, crc);
-		zip_offset += ZIP_DATA_DESC_SIZE;
-
-		set_zip_dir_data_desc(&dirent, size, compressed_size, crc);
 	} else if (compressed_size > 0) {
 		write_or_die(1, out, compressed_size);
 		zip_offset += compressed_size;
@@ -424,62 +503,137 @@ static int write_zip_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 	free(deflated);
 	free(buffer);
 
-	copy_le16(dirent.attr1, !is_binary);
+	if (compressed_size > 0xffffffff || size > 0xffffffff ||
+	    offset > 0xffffffff) {
+		if (compressed_size >= 0xffffffff)
+			zip64_dir_extra_payload_size += 8;
+		if (size >= 0xffffffff)
+			zip64_dir_extra_payload_size += 8;
+		if (offset >= 0xffffffff)
+			zip64_dir_extra_payload_size += 8;
+		zip_dir_extra_size += 2 + 2 + zip64_dir_extra_payload_size;
+	}
 
-	memcpy(zip_dir + zip_dir_offset, &dirent, ZIP_DIR_HEADER_SIZE);
-	zip_dir_offset += ZIP_DIR_HEADER_SIZE;
-	memcpy(zip_dir + zip_dir_offset, path, pathlen);
-	zip_dir_offset += pathlen;
-	memcpy(zip_dir + zip_dir_offset, &extra, ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE);
-	zip_dir_offset += ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE;
+	strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 4, 0x02014b50);	/* magic */
+	strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 2, creator_version);
+	strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 2, version_needed);
+	strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 2, flags);
+	strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 2, method);
+	strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 2, zip_time);
+	strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 2, zip_date);
+	strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 4, crc);
+	strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 4, clamp32(compressed_size));
+	strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 4, clamp32(size));
+	strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 2, pathlen);
+	strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 2, zip_dir_extra_size);
+	strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 2, 0);		/* comment length */
+	strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 2, 0);		/* disk */
+	strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 2, !is_binary);
+	strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 4, attr2);
+	strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 4, clamp32(offset));
+	strbuf_add(&zip_dir, path, pathlen);
+	strbuf_add(&zip_dir, &extra, ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE);
+	if (zip64_dir_extra_payload_size) {
+		strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 2, 0x0001);	/* magic */
+		strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 2, zip64_dir_extra_payload_size);
+		if (size >= 0xffffffff)
+			strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 8, size);
+		if (compressed_size >= 0xffffffff)
+			strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 8, compressed_size);
+		if (offset >= 0xffffffff)
+			strbuf_add_le(&zip_dir, 8, offset);
+	}
 	zip_dir_entries++;
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void write_zip64_trailer(void)
+{
+	struct zip64_dir_trailer trailer64;
+	struct zip64_dir_trailer_locator locator64;
+
+	copy_le32(trailer64.magic, 0x06064b50);
+	copy_le64(trailer64.record_size, ZIP64_DIR_TRAILER_RECORD_SIZE);
+	copy_le16(trailer64.creator_version, max_creator_version);
+	copy_le16(trailer64.version, 45);
+	copy_le32(trailer64.disk, 0);
+	copy_le32(trailer64.directory_start_disk, 0);
+	copy_le64(trailer64.entries_on_this_disk, zip_dir_entries);
+	copy_le64(trailer64.entries, zip_dir_entries);
+	copy_le64(trailer64.size, zip_dir.len);
+	copy_le64(trailer64.offset, zip_offset);
+
+	copy_le32(locator64.magic, 0x07064b50);
+	copy_le32(locator64.disk, 0);
+	copy_le64(locator64.offset, zip_offset + zip_dir.len);
+	copy_le32(locator64.number_of_disks, 1);
+
+	write_or_die(1, &trailer64, ZIP64_DIR_TRAILER_SIZE);
+	write_or_die(1, &locator64, ZIP64_DIR_TRAILER_LOCATOR_SIZE);
+}
+
 static void write_zip_trailer(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct zip_dir_trailer trailer;
+	int clamped = 0;
 
 	copy_le32(trailer.magic, 0x06054b50);
 	copy_le16(trailer.disk, 0);
 	copy_le16(trailer.directory_start_disk, 0);
-	copy_le16(trailer.entries_on_this_disk, zip_dir_entries);
-	copy_le16(trailer.entries, zip_dir_entries);
-	copy_le32(trailer.size, zip_dir_offset);
-	copy_le32(trailer.offset, zip_offset);
-	copy_le16(trailer.comment_length, sha1 ? 40 : 0);
-
-	write_or_die(1, zip_dir, zip_dir_offset);
+	copy_le16_clamp(trailer.entries_on_this_disk, zip_dir_entries,
+			&clamped);
+	copy_le16_clamp(trailer.entries, zip_dir_entries, &clamped);
+	copy_le32(trailer.size, zip_dir.len);
+	copy_le32_clamp(trailer.offset, zip_offset, &clamped);
+	copy_le16(trailer.comment_length, sha1 ? GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ : 0);
+
+	write_or_die(1, zip_dir.buf, zip_dir.len);
+	if (clamped)
+		write_zip64_trailer();
 	write_or_die(1, &trailer, ZIP_DIR_TRAILER_SIZE);
 	if (sha1)
-		write_or_die(1, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
+		write_or_die(1, sha1_to_hex(sha1), GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ);
 }
 
-static void dos_time(time_t *time, int *dos_date, int *dos_time)
+static void dos_time(timestamp_t *timestamp, int *dos_date, int *dos_time)
 {
-	struct tm *t = localtime(time);
+	time_t time;
+	struct tm *t;
+
+	if (date_overflows(*timestamp))
+		die(_("timestamp too large for this system: %"PRItime),
+		    *timestamp);
+	time = (time_t)*timestamp;
+	t = localtime(&time);
+	*timestamp = time;
 
 	*dos_date = t->tm_mday + (t->tm_mon + 1) * 32 +
 	            (t->tm_year + 1900 - 1980) * 512;
 	*dos_time = t->tm_sec / 2 + t->tm_min * 32 + t->tm_hour * 2048;
 }
 
+static int archive_zip_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
+{
+	return userdiff_config(var, value);
+}
+
 static int write_zip_archive(const struct archiver *ar,
 			     struct archiver_args *args)
 {
 	int err;
 
+	git_config(archive_zip_config, NULL);
+
 	dos_time(&args->time, &zip_date, &zip_time);
 
-	zip_dir = xmalloc(ZIP_DIRECTORY_MIN_SIZE);
-	zip_dir_size = ZIP_DIRECTORY_MIN_SIZE;
+	strbuf_init(&zip_dir, 0);
 
 	err = write_archive_entries(args, write_zip_entry);
 	if (!err)
 		write_zip_trailer(args->commit_sha1);
 
-	free(zip_dir);
+	strbuf_release(&zip_dir);
 
 	return err;
 }
diff --git a/archive.c b/archive.c
index 96057ed830..0a07b140fe 100644
--- a/archive.c
+++ b/archive.c
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "attr.h"
@@ -33,7 +36,7 @@ static void format_subst(const struct commit *commit,
 	char *to_free = NULL;
 	struct strbuf fmt = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
-	ctx.date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
+	ctx.date_mode.type = DATE_NORMAL;
 	ctx.abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
 
 	if (src == buf->buf)
@@ -61,22 +64,22 @@ static void format_subst(const struct commit *commit,
 	free(to_free);
 }
 
-void *sha1_file_to_archive(const struct archiver_args *args,
-			   const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1,
-			   unsigned int mode, enum object_type *type,
-			   unsigned long *sizep)
+void *object_file_to_archive(const struct archiver_args *args,
+			     const char *path, const struct object_id *oid,
+			     unsigned int mode, enum object_type *type,
+			     unsigned long *sizep)
 {
 	void *buffer;
 	const struct commit *commit = args->convert ? args->commit : NULL;
 
 	path += args->baselen;
-	buffer = read_sha1_file(sha1, type, sizep);
+	buffer = read_object_file(oid, type, sizep);
 	if (buffer && S_ISREG(mode)) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		size_t size = 0;
 
 		strbuf_attach(&buf, buffer, *sizep, *sizep + 1);
-		convert_to_working_tree(path, buf.buf, buf.len, &buf);
+		convert_to_working_tree(args->repo->index, path, buf.buf, buf.len, &buf);
 		if (commit)
 			format_subst(commit, buf.buf, buf.len, &buf);
 		buffer = strbuf_detach(&buf, &size);
@@ -86,22 +89,9 @@ void *sha1_file_to_archive(const struct archiver_args *args,
 	return buffer;
 }
 
-static void setup_archive_check(struct git_attr_check *check)
-{
-	static struct git_attr *attr_export_ignore;
-	static struct git_attr *attr_export_subst;
-
-	if (!attr_export_ignore) {
-		attr_export_ignore = git_attr("export-ignore");
-		attr_export_subst = git_attr("export-subst");
-	}
-	check[0].attr = attr_export_ignore;
-	check[1].attr = attr_export_subst;
-}
-
 struct directory {
 	struct directory *up;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	int baselen, len;
 	unsigned mode;
 	int stage;
@@ -114,7 +104,26 @@ struct archiver_context {
 	struct directory *bottom;
 };
 
-static int write_archive_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base,
+static const struct attr_check *get_archive_attrs(struct index_state *istate,
+						  const char *path)
+{
+	static struct attr_check *check;
+	if (!check)
+		check = attr_check_initl("export-ignore", "export-subst", NULL);
+	return git_check_attr(istate, path, check) ? NULL : check;
+}
+
+static int check_attr_export_ignore(const struct attr_check *check)
+{
+	return check && ATTR_TRUE(check->items[0].value);
+}
+
+static int check_attr_export_subst(const struct attr_check *check)
+{
+	return check && ATTR_TRUE(check->items[1].value);
+}
+
+static int write_archive_entry(const struct object_id *oid, const char *base,
 		int baselen, const char *filename, unsigned mode, int stage,
 		void *context)
 {
@@ -122,9 +131,8 @@ static int write_archive_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base,
 	struct archiver_context *c = context;
 	struct archiver_args *args = c->args;
 	write_archive_entry_fn_t write_entry = c->write_entry;
-	struct git_attr_check check[2];
-	const char *path_without_prefix;
 	int err;
+	const char *path_without_prefix;
 
 	args->convert = 0;
 	strbuf_reset(&path);
@@ -136,17 +144,18 @@ static int write_archive_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base,
 		strbuf_addch(&path, '/');
 	path_without_prefix = path.buf + args->baselen;
 
-	setup_archive_check(check);
-	if (!git_check_attr(path_without_prefix, ARRAY_SIZE(check), check)) {
-		if (ATTR_TRUE(check[0].value))
+	if (!S_ISDIR(mode)) {
+		const struct attr_check *check;
+		check = get_archive_attrs(args->repo->index, path_without_prefix);
+		if (check_attr_export_ignore(check))
 			return 0;
-		args->convert = ATTR_TRUE(check[1].value);
+		args->convert = check_attr_export_subst(check);
 	}
 
 	if (S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
 		if (args->verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr, "%.*s\n", (int)path.len, path.buf);
-		err = write_entry(args, sha1, path.buf, path.len, mode);
+		err = write_entry(args, oid, path.buf, path.len, mode);
 		if (err)
 			return err;
 		return (S_ISDIR(mode) ? READ_TREE_RECURSIVE : 0);
@@ -154,15 +163,7 @@ static int write_archive_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base,
 
 	if (args->verbose)
 		fprintf(stderr, "%.*s\n", (int)path.len, path.buf);
-	return write_entry(args, sha1, path.buf, path.len, mode);
-}
-
-static int write_archive_entry_buf(const unsigned char *sha1, struct strbuf *base,
-		const char *filename, unsigned mode, int stage,
-		void *context)
-{
-	return write_archive_entry(sha1, base->buf, base->len,
-				     filename, mode, stage, context);
+	return write_entry(args, oid, path.buf, path.len, mode);
 }
 
 static void queue_directory(const unsigned char *sha1,
@@ -170,14 +171,15 @@ static void queue_directory(const unsigned char *sha1,
 		unsigned mode, int stage, struct archiver_context *c)
 {
 	struct directory *d;
-	d = xmallocz(sizeof(*d) + base->len + 1 + strlen(filename));
+	size_t len = st_add4(base->len, 1, strlen(filename), 1);
+	d = xmalloc(st_add(sizeof(*d), len));
 	d->up	   = c->bottom;
 	d->baselen = base->len;
 	d->mode	   = mode;
 	d->stage   = stage;
 	c->bottom  = d;
-	d->len = sprintf(d->path, "%.*s%s/", (int)base->len, base->buf, filename);
-	hashcpy(d->sha1, sha1);
+	d->len = xsnprintf(d->path, len, "%.*s%s/", (int)base->len, base->buf, filename);
+	hashcpy(d->oid.hash, sha1);
 }
 
 static int write_directory(struct archiver_context *c)
@@ -191,14 +193,14 @@ static int write_directory(struct archiver_context *c)
 	d->path[d->len - 1] = '\0'; /* no trailing slash */
 	ret =
 		write_directory(c) ||
-		write_archive_entry(d->sha1, d->path, d->baselen,
+		write_archive_entry(&d->oid, d->path, d->baselen,
 				    d->path + d->baselen, d->mode,
 				    d->stage, c) != READ_TREE_RECURSIVE;
 	free(d);
 	return ret ? -1 : 0;
 }
 
-static int queue_or_write_archive_entry(const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int queue_or_write_archive_entry(const struct object_id *oid,
 		struct strbuf *base, const char *filename,
 		unsigned mode, int stage, void *context)
 {
@@ -213,14 +215,25 @@ static int queue_or_write_archive_entry(const unsigned char *sha1,
 	}
 
 	if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
-		queue_directory(sha1, base, filename,
+		size_t baselen = base->len;
+		const struct attr_check *check;
+
+		/* Borrow base, but restore its original value when done. */
+		strbuf_addstr(base, filename);
+		strbuf_addch(base, '/');
+		check = get_archive_attrs(c->args->repo->index, base->buf);
+		strbuf_setlen(base, baselen);
+
+		if (check_attr_export_ignore(check))
+			return 0;
+		queue_directory(oid->hash, base, filename,
 				mode, stage, c);
 		return READ_TREE_RECURSIVE;
 	}
 
 	if (write_directory(c))
 		return -1;
-	return write_archive_entry(sha1, base->buf, base->len, filename, mode,
+	return write_archive_entry(oid, base->buf, base->len, filename, mode,
 				   stage, context);
 }
 
@@ -239,7 +252,7 @@ int write_archive_entries(struct archiver_args *args,
 			len--;
 		if (args->verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr, "%.*s\n", (int)len, args->base);
-		err = write_entry(args, args->tree->object.sha1, args->base,
+		err = write_entry(args, &args->tree->object.oid, args->base,
 				  len, 040777);
 		if (err)
 			return err;
@@ -256,19 +269,17 @@ int write_archive_entries(struct archiver_args *args,
 		memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 		opts.index_only = 1;
 		opts.head_idx = -1;
-		opts.src_index = &the_index;
-		opts.dst_index = &the_index;
+		opts.src_index = args->repo->index;
+		opts.dst_index = args->repo->index;
 		opts.fn = oneway_merge;
 		init_tree_desc(&t, args->tree->buffer, args->tree->size);
 		if (unpack_trees(1, &t, &opts))
 			return -1;
-		git_attr_set_direction(GIT_ATTR_INDEX, &the_index);
+		git_attr_set_direction(GIT_ATTR_INDEX);
 	}
 
 	err = read_tree_recursive(args->tree, "", 0, 0, &args->pathspec,
-				  args->pathspec.has_wildcard ?
-				  queue_or_write_archive_entry :
-				  write_archive_entry_buf,
+				  queue_or_write_archive_entry,
 				  &context);
 	if (err == READ_TREE_RECURSIVE)
 		err = 0;
@@ -294,33 +305,43 @@ static const struct archiver *lookup_archiver(const char *name)
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static int reject_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, struct strbuf *base,
+struct path_exists_context {
+	struct pathspec pathspec;
+	struct archiver_args *args;
+};
+
+static int reject_entry(const struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *base,
 			const char *filename, unsigned mode,
 			int stage, void *context)
 {
 	int ret = -1;
+	struct path_exists_context *ctx = context;
+
 	if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
 		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 		strbuf_addbuf(&sb, base);
 		strbuf_addstr(&sb, filename);
-		if (!match_pathspec(context, sb.buf, sb.len, 0, NULL, 1))
+		if (!match_pathspec(ctx->args->repo->index,
+				    &ctx->pathspec,
+				    sb.buf, sb.len, 0, NULL, 1))
 			ret = READ_TREE_RECURSIVE;
 		strbuf_release(&sb);
 	}
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static int path_exists(struct tree *tree, const char *path)
+static int path_exists(struct archiver_args *args, const char *path)
 {
 	const char *paths[] = { path, NULL };
-	struct pathspec pathspec;
+	struct path_exists_context ctx;
 	int ret;
 
-	parse_pathspec(&pathspec, 0, 0, "", paths);
-	pathspec.recursive = 1;
-	ret = read_tree_recursive(tree, "", 0, 0, &pathspec,
-				  reject_entry, &pathspec);
-	free_pathspec(&pathspec);
+	ctx.args = args;
+	parse_pathspec(&ctx.pathspec, 0, 0, "", paths);
+	ctx.pathspec.recursive = 1;
+	ret = read_tree_recursive(args->tree, "", 0, 0, &ctx.pathspec,
+				  reject_entry, &ctx);
+	clear_pathspec(&ctx.pathspec);
 	return ret != 0;
 }
 
@@ -338,7 +359,7 @@ static void parse_pathspec_arg(const char **pathspec,
 	ar_args->pathspec.recursive = 1;
 	if (pathspec) {
 		while (*pathspec) {
-			if (**pathspec && !path_exists(ar_args->tree, *pathspec))
+			if (**pathspec && !path_exists(ar_args, *pathspec))
 				die(_("pathspec '%s' did not match any files"), *pathspec);
 			pathspec++;
 		}
@@ -354,7 +375,7 @@ static void parse_treeish_arg(const char **argv,
 	time_t archive_time;
 	struct tree *tree;
 	const struct commit *commit;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 
 	/* Remotes are only allowed to fetch actual refs */
 	if (remote && !remote_allow_unreachable) {
@@ -362,38 +383,38 @@ static void parse_treeish_arg(const char **argv,
 		const char *colon = strchrnul(name, ':');
 		int refnamelen = colon - name;
 
-		if (!dwim_ref(name, refnamelen, sha1, &ref))
+		if (!dwim_ref(name, refnamelen, &oid, &ref))
 			die("no such ref: %.*s", refnamelen, name);
 		free(ref);
 	}
 
-	if (get_sha1(name, sha1))
+	if (get_oid(name, &oid))
 		die("Not a valid object name");
 
-	commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, &oid, 1);
 	if (commit) {
-		commit_sha1 = commit->object.sha1;
+		commit_sha1 = commit->object.oid.hash;
 		archive_time = commit->date;
 	} else {
 		commit_sha1 = NULL;
 		archive_time = time(NULL);
 	}
 
-	tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
+	tree = parse_tree_indirect(&oid);
 	if (tree == NULL)
 		die("not a tree object");
 
 	if (prefix) {
-		unsigned char tree_sha1[20];
+		struct object_id tree_oid;
 		unsigned int mode;
 		int err;
 
-		err = get_tree_entry(tree->object.sha1, prefix,
-				     tree_sha1, &mode);
+		err = get_tree_entry(&tree->object.oid, prefix, &tree_oid,
+				     &mode);
 		if (err || !S_ISDIR(mode))
 			die("current working directory is untracked");
 
-		tree = parse_tree_indirect(tree_sha1);
+		tree = parse_tree_indirect(&tree_oid);
 	}
 	ar_args->tree = tree;
 	ar_args->commit_sha1 = commit_sha1;
@@ -402,11 +423,9 @@ static void parse_treeish_arg(const char **argv,
 }
 
 #define OPT__COMPR(s, v, h, p) \
-	{ OPTION_SET_INT, (s), NULL, (v), NULL, (h), \
-	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, (p) }
+	OPT_SET_INT_F(s, NULL, v, h, p, PARSE_OPT_NONEG)
 #define OPT__COMPR_HIDDEN(s, v, p) \
-	{ OPTION_SET_INT, (s), NULL, (v), NULL, "", \
-	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN, NULL, (p) }
+	OPT_SET_INT_F(s, NULL, v, "", p, PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN)
 
 static int parse_archive_args(int argc, const char **argv,
 		const struct archiver **ar, struct archiver_args *args,
@@ -456,11 +475,11 @@ static int parse_archive_args(int argc, const char **argv,
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, opts, archive_usage, 0);
 
 	if (remote)
-		die("Unexpected option --remote");
+		die(_("Unexpected option --remote"));
 	if (exec)
-		die("Option --exec can only be used together with --remote");
+		die(_("Option --exec can only be used together with --remote"));
 	if (output)
-		die("Unexpected option --output");
+		die(_("Unexpected option --output"));
 
 	if (!base)
 		base = "";
@@ -482,14 +501,14 @@ static int parse_archive_args(int argc, const char **argv,
 		usage_with_options(archive_usage, opts);
 	*ar = lookup_archiver(format);
 	if (!*ar || (is_remote && !((*ar)->flags & ARCHIVER_REMOTE)))
-		die("Unknown archive format '%s'", format);
+		die(_("Unknown archive format '%s'"), format);
 
 	args->compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
 	if (compression_level != -1) {
 		if ((*ar)->flags & ARCHIVER_WANT_COMPRESSION_LEVELS)
 			args->compression_level = compression_level;
 		else {
-			die("Argument not supported for format '%s': -%d",
+			die(_("Argument not supported for format '%s': -%d"),
 					format, compression_level);
 		}
 	}
@@ -502,23 +521,21 @@ static int parse_archive_args(int argc, const char **argv,
 }
 
 int write_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
-		  int setup_prefix, const char *name_hint, int remote)
+		  struct repository *repo,
+		  const char *name_hint, int remote)
 {
-	int nongit = 0;
 	const struct archiver *ar = NULL;
 	struct archiver_args args;
 
-	if (setup_prefix && prefix == NULL)
-		prefix = setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
-
 	git_config_get_bool("uploadarchive.allowunreachable", &remote_allow_unreachable);
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	init_tar_archiver();
 	init_zip_archiver();
 
+	args.repo = repo;
 	argc = parse_archive_args(argc, argv, &ar, &args, name_hint, remote);
-	if (nongit) {
+	if (!startup_info->have_repository) {
 		/*
 		 * We know this will die() with an error, so we could just
 		 * die ourselves; but its error message will be more specific
diff --git a/archive.h b/archive.h
index 4a791e1fed..d4f97a00f5 100644
--- a/archive.h
+++ b/archive.h
@@ -1,15 +1,19 @@
 #ifndef ARCHIVE_H
 #define ARCHIVE_H
 
+#include "cache.h"
 #include "pathspec.h"
 
+struct repository;
+
 struct archiver_args {
+	struct repository *repo;
 	const char *base;
 	size_t baselen;
 	struct tree *tree;
 	const unsigned char *commit_sha1;
 	const struct commit *commit;
-	time_t time;
+	timestamp_t time;
 	struct pathspec pathspec;
 	unsigned int verbose : 1;
 	unsigned int worktree_attributes : 1;
@@ -17,6 +21,16 @@ struct archiver_args {
 	int compression_level;
 };
 
+/* main api */
+
+extern int write_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
+			 struct repository *repo,
+			 const char *name_hint, int remote);
+
+const char *archive_format_from_filename(const char *filename);
+
+/* archive backend stuff */
+
 #define ARCHIVER_WANT_COMPRESSION_LEVELS 1
 #define ARCHIVER_REMOTE 2
 struct archiver {
@@ -31,17 +45,14 @@ extern void init_tar_archiver(void);
 extern void init_zip_archiver(void);
 
 typedef int (*write_archive_entry_fn_t)(struct archiver_args *args,
-					const unsigned char *sha1,
+					const struct object_id *oid,
 					const char *path, size_t pathlen,
 					unsigned int mode);
 
 extern int write_archive_entries(struct archiver_args *args, write_archive_entry_fn_t write_entry);
-extern int write_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int setup_prefix, const char *name_hint, int remote);
-
-const char *archive_format_from_filename(const char *filename);
-extern void *sha1_file_to_archive(const struct archiver_args *args,
-				  const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1,
-				  unsigned int mode, enum object_type *type,
-				  unsigned long *sizep);
+extern void *object_file_to_archive(const struct archiver_args *args,
+				    const char *path, const struct object_id *oid,
+				    unsigned int mode, enum object_type *type,
+				    unsigned long *sizep);
 
 #endif	/* ARCHIVE_H */
diff --git a/argv-array.c b/argv-array.c
index 256741d226..f352ea9357 100644
--- a/argv-array.c
+++ b/argv-array.c
@@ -21,12 +21,13 @@ static void argv_array_push_nodup(struct argv_array *array, const char *value)
 	array->argv[array->argc] = NULL;
 }
 
-void argv_array_push(struct argv_array *array, const char *value)
+const char *argv_array_push(struct argv_array *array, const char *value)
 {
 	argv_array_push_nodup(array, xstrdup(value));
+	return array->argv[array->argc - 1];
 }
 
-void argv_array_pushf(struct argv_array *array, const char *fmt, ...)
+const char *argv_array_pushf(struct argv_array *array, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	va_list ap;
 	struct strbuf v = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@ void argv_array_pushf(struct argv_array *array, const char *fmt, ...)
 	va_end(ap);
 
 	argv_array_push_nodup(array, strbuf_detach(&v, NULL));
+	return array->argv[array->argc - 1];
 }
 
 void argv_array_pushl(struct argv_array *array, ...)
@@ -49,6 +51,12 @@ void argv_array_pushl(struct argv_array *array, ...)
 	va_end(ap);
 }
 
+void argv_array_pushv(struct argv_array *array, const char **argv)
+{
+	for (; *argv; argv++)
+		argv_array_push(array, *argv);
+}
+
 void argv_array_pop(struct argv_array *array)
 {
 	if (!array->argc)
@@ -58,6 +66,26 @@ void argv_array_pop(struct argv_array *array)
 	array->argc--;
 }
 
+void argv_array_split(struct argv_array *array, const char *to_split)
+{
+	while (isspace(*to_split))
+		to_split++;
+	for (;;) {
+		const char *p = to_split;
+
+		if (!*p)
+			break;
+
+		while (*p && !isspace(*p))
+			p++;
+		argv_array_push_nodup(array, xstrndup(to_split, p - to_split));
+
+		while (isspace(*p))
+			p++;
+		to_split = p;
+	}
+}
+
 void argv_array_clear(struct argv_array *array)
 {
 	if (array->argv != empty_argv) {
@@ -68,3 +96,14 @@ void argv_array_clear(struct argv_array *array)
 	}
 	argv_array_init(array);
 }
+
+const char **argv_array_detach(struct argv_array *array)
+{
+	if (array->argv == empty_argv)
+		return xcalloc(1, sizeof(const char *));
+	else {
+		const char **ret = array->argv;
+		argv_array_init(array);
+		return ret;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/argv-array.h b/argv-array.h
index c65e6e825a..a39ba43f57 100644
--- a/argv-array.h
+++ b/argv-array.h
@@ -12,12 +12,16 @@ struct argv_array {
 #define ARGV_ARRAY_INIT { empty_argv, 0, 0 }
 
 void argv_array_init(struct argv_array *);
-void argv_array_push(struct argv_array *, const char *);
+const char *argv_array_push(struct argv_array *, const char *);
 __attribute__((format (printf,2,3)))
-void argv_array_pushf(struct argv_array *, const char *fmt, ...);
+const char *argv_array_pushf(struct argv_array *, const char *fmt, ...);
 LAST_ARG_MUST_BE_NULL
 void argv_array_pushl(struct argv_array *, ...);
+void argv_array_pushv(struct argv_array *, const char **);
 void argv_array_pop(struct argv_array *);
+/* Splits by whitespace; does not handle quoted arguments! */
+void argv_array_split(struct argv_array *, const char *);
 void argv_array_clear(struct argv_array *);
+const char **argv_array_detach(struct argv_array *);
 
 #endif /* ARGV_ARRAY_H */
diff --git a/attr.c b/attr.c
index 1f9eebd2dd..98e4953f6e 100644
--- a/attr.c
+++ b/attr.c
@@ -9,9 +9,13 @@
 
 #define NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "attr.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "thread-utils.h"
 
 const char git_attr__true[] = "(builtin)true";
 const char git_attr__false[] = "\0(builtin)false";
@@ -21,101 +25,240 @@ static const char git_attr__unknown[] = "(builtin)unknown";
 #define ATTR__UNSET NULL
 #define ATTR__UNKNOWN git_attr__unknown
 
-/* This is a randomly chosen prime. */
-#define HASHSIZE 257
-
 #ifndef DEBUG_ATTR
 #define DEBUG_ATTR 0
 #endif
 
 struct git_attr {
-	struct git_attr *next;
-	unsigned h;
-	int attr_nr;
-	int maybe_macro;
-	int maybe_real;
-	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
+	int attr_nr; /* unique attribute number */
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* attribute name */
 };
-static int attr_nr;
-static int cannot_trust_maybe_real;
-
-static struct git_attr_check *check_all_attr;
-static struct git_attr *(git_attr_hash[HASHSIZE]);
 
-char *git_attr_name(struct git_attr *attr)
+const char *git_attr_name(const struct git_attr *attr)
 {
 	return attr->name;
 }
 
-static unsigned hash_name(const char *name, int namelen)
+struct attr_hashmap {
+	struct hashmap map;
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	pthread_mutex_t mutex;
+#endif
+};
+
+static inline void hashmap_lock(struct attr_hashmap *map)
 {
-	unsigned val = 0, c;
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	pthread_mutex_lock(&map->mutex);
+#endif
+}
 
-	while (namelen--) {
-		c = *name++;
-		val = ((val << 7) | (val >> 22)) ^ c;
+static inline void hashmap_unlock(struct attr_hashmap *map)
+{
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	pthread_mutex_unlock(&map->mutex);
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * The global dictionary of all interned attributes.  This
+ * is a singleton object which is shared between threads.
+ * Access to this dictionary must be surrounded with a mutex.
+ */
+static struct attr_hashmap g_attr_hashmap;
+
+/* The container for objects stored in "struct attr_hashmap" */
+struct attr_hash_entry {
+	struct hashmap_entry ent; /* must be the first member! */
+	const char *key; /* the key; memory should be owned by value */
+	size_t keylen; /* length of the key */
+	void *value; /* the stored value */
+};
+
+/* attr_hashmap comparison function */
+static int attr_hash_entry_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+			       const void *entry,
+			       const void *entry_or_key,
+			       const void *unused_keydata)
+{
+	const struct attr_hash_entry *a = entry;
+	const struct attr_hash_entry *b = entry_or_key;
+	return (a->keylen != b->keylen) || strncmp(a->key, b->key, a->keylen);
+}
+
+/* Initialize an 'attr_hashmap' object */
+static void attr_hashmap_init(struct attr_hashmap *map)
+{
+	hashmap_init(&map->map, attr_hash_entry_cmp, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Retrieve the 'value' stored in a hashmap given the provided 'key'.
+ * If there is no matching entry, return NULL.
+ */
+static void *attr_hashmap_get(struct attr_hashmap *map,
+			      const char *key, size_t keylen)
+{
+	struct attr_hash_entry k;
+	struct attr_hash_entry *e;
+
+	if (!map->map.tablesize)
+		attr_hashmap_init(map);
+
+	hashmap_entry_init(&k, memhash(key, keylen));
+	k.key = key;
+	k.keylen = keylen;
+	e = hashmap_get(&map->map, &k, NULL);
+
+	return e ? e->value : NULL;
+}
+
+/* Add 'value' to a hashmap based on the provided 'key'. */
+static void attr_hashmap_add(struct attr_hashmap *map,
+			     const char *key, size_t keylen,
+			     void *value)
+{
+	struct attr_hash_entry *e;
+
+	if (!map->map.tablesize)
+		attr_hashmap_init(map);
+
+	e = xmalloc(sizeof(struct attr_hash_entry));
+	hashmap_entry_init(e, memhash(key, keylen));
+	e->key = key;
+	e->keylen = keylen;
+	e->value = value;
+
+	hashmap_add(&map->map, e);
+}
+
+struct all_attrs_item {
+	const struct git_attr *attr;
+	const char *value;
+	/*
+	 * If 'macro' is non-NULL, indicates that 'attr' is a macro based on
+	 * the current attribute stack and contains a pointer to the match_attr
+	 * definition of the macro
+	 */
+	const struct match_attr *macro;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Reallocate and reinitialize the array of all attributes (which is used in
+ * the attribute collection process) in 'check' based on the global dictionary
+ * of attributes.
+ */
+static void all_attrs_init(struct attr_hashmap *map, struct attr_check *check)
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned int size;
+
+	hashmap_lock(map);
+
+	size = hashmap_get_size(&map->map);
+	if (size < check->all_attrs_nr)
+		BUG("interned attributes shouldn't be deleted");
+
+	/*
+	 * If the number of attributes in the global dictionary has increased
+	 * (or this attr_check instance doesn't have an initialized all_attrs
+	 * field), reallocate the provided attr_check instance's all_attrs
+	 * field and fill each entry with its corresponding git_attr.
+	 */
+	if (size != check->all_attrs_nr) {
+		struct attr_hash_entry *e;
+		struct hashmap_iter iter;
+		hashmap_iter_init(&map->map, &iter);
+
+		REALLOC_ARRAY(check->all_attrs, size);
+		check->all_attrs_nr = size;
+
+		while ((e = hashmap_iter_next(&iter))) {
+			const struct git_attr *a = e->value;
+			check->all_attrs[a->attr_nr].attr = a;
+		}
+	}
+
+	hashmap_unlock(map);
+
+	/*
+	 * Re-initialize every entry in check->all_attrs.
+	 * This re-initialization can live outside of the locked region since
+	 * the attribute dictionary is no longer being accessed.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < check->all_attrs_nr; i++) {
+		check->all_attrs[i].value = ATTR__UNKNOWN;
+		check->all_attrs[i].macro = NULL;
 	}
-	return val;
 }
 
-static int invalid_attr_name(const char *name, int namelen)
+static int attr_name_valid(const char *name, size_t namelen)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Attribute name cannot begin with '-' and must consist of
 	 * characters from [-A-Za-z0-9_.].
 	 */
 	if (namelen <= 0 || *name == '-')
-		return -1;
+		return 0;
 	while (namelen--) {
 		char ch = *name++;
 		if (! (ch == '-' || ch == '.' || ch == '_' ||
 		       ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9') ||
 		       ('a' <= ch && ch <= 'z') ||
 		       ('A' <= ch && ch <= 'Z')) )
-			return -1;
+			return 0;
 	}
-	return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void report_invalid_attr(const char *name, size_t len,
+				const char *src, int lineno)
+{
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addf(&err, _("%.*s is not a valid attribute name"),
+		    (int) len, name);
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s:%d\n", err.buf, src, lineno);
+	strbuf_release(&err);
 }
 
-static struct git_attr *git_attr_internal(const char *name, int len)
+/*
+ * Given a 'name', lookup and return the corresponding attribute in the global
+ * dictionary.  If no entry is found, create a new attribute and store it in
+ * the dictionary.
+ */
+static const struct git_attr *git_attr_internal(const char *name, int namelen)
 {
-	unsigned hval = hash_name(name, len);
-	unsigned pos = hval % HASHSIZE;
 	struct git_attr *a;
 
-	for (a = git_attr_hash[pos]; a; a = a->next) {
-		if (a->h == hval &&
-		    !memcmp(a->name, name, len) && !a->name[len])
-			return a;
+	if (!attr_name_valid(name, namelen))
+		return NULL;
+
+	hashmap_lock(&g_attr_hashmap);
+
+	a = attr_hashmap_get(&g_attr_hashmap, name, namelen);
+
+	if (!a) {
+		FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(a, name, name, namelen);
+		a->attr_nr = hashmap_get_size(&g_attr_hashmap.map);
+
+		attr_hashmap_add(&g_attr_hashmap, a->name, namelen, a);
+		assert(a->attr_nr ==
+		       (hashmap_get_size(&g_attr_hashmap.map) - 1));
 	}
 
-	if (invalid_attr_name(name, len))
-		return NULL;
+	hashmap_unlock(&g_attr_hashmap);
 
-	a = xmalloc(sizeof(*a) + len + 1);
-	memcpy(a->name, name, len);
-	a->name[len] = 0;
-	a->h = hval;
-	a->next = git_attr_hash[pos];
-	a->attr_nr = attr_nr++;
-	a->maybe_macro = 0;
-	a->maybe_real = 0;
-	git_attr_hash[pos] = a;
-
-	REALLOC_ARRAY(check_all_attr, attr_nr);
-	check_all_attr[a->attr_nr].attr = a;
-	check_all_attr[a->attr_nr].value = ATTR__UNKNOWN;
 	return a;
 }
 
-struct git_attr *git_attr(const char *name)
+const struct git_attr *git_attr(const char *name)
 {
 	return git_attr_internal(name, strlen(name));
 }
 
 /* What does a matched pattern decide? */
 struct attr_state {
-	struct git_attr *attr;
+	const struct git_attr *attr;
 	const char *setto;
 };
 
@@ -123,7 +266,7 @@ struct pattern {
 	const char *pattern;
 	int patternlen;
 	int nowildcardlen;
-	int flags;		/* EXC_FLAG_* */
+	unsigned flags;		/* EXC_FLAG_* */
 };
 
 /*
@@ -132,9 +275,8 @@ struct pattern {
  * If is_macro is true, then u.attr is a pointer to the git_attr being
  * defined.
  *
- * If is_macro is false, then u.pattern points at the filename pattern
- * to which the rule applies.  (The memory pointed to is part of the
- * memory block allocated for the match_attr instance.)
+ * If is_macro is false, then u.pat is the filename pattern to which the
+ * rule applies.
  *
  * In either case, num_attr is the number of attributes affected by
  * this rule, and state is an array listing them.  The attributes are
@@ -143,7 +285,7 @@ struct pattern {
 struct match_attr {
 	union {
 		struct pattern pat;
-		struct git_attr *attr;
+		const struct git_attr *attr;
 	} u;
 	char is_macro;
 	unsigned num_attr;
@@ -178,13 +320,17 @@ static const char *parse_attr(const char *src, int lineno, const char *cp,
 			cp++;
 			len--;
 		}
-		if (invalid_attr_name(cp, len)) {
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"%.*s is not a valid attribute name: %s:%d\n",
-				len, cp, src, lineno);
+		if (!attr_name_valid(cp, len)) {
+			report_invalid_attr(cp, len, src, lineno);
 			return NULL;
 		}
 	} else {
+		/*
+		 * As this function is always called twice, once with
+		 * e == NULL in the first pass and then e != NULL in
+		 * the second pass, no need for attr_name_valid()
+		 * check here.
+		 */
 		if (*cp == '-' || *cp == '!') {
 			e->setto = (*cp == '-') ? ATTR__FALSE : ATTR__UNSET;
 			cp++;
@@ -208,41 +354,47 @@ static struct match_attr *parse_attr_line(const char *line, const char *src,
 	const char *cp, *name, *states;
 	struct match_attr *res = NULL;
 	int is_macro;
+	struct strbuf pattern = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	cp = line + strspn(line, blank);
 	if (!*cp || *cp == '#')
 		return NULL;
 	name = cp;
-	namelen = strcspn(name, blank);
+
+	if (*cp == '"' && !unquote_c_style(&pattern, name, &states)) {
+		name = pattern.buf;
+		namelen = pattern.len;
+	} else {
+		namelen = strcspn(name, blank);
+		states = name + namelen;
+	}
+
 	if (strlen(ATTRIBUTE_MACRO_PREFIX) < namelen &&
 	    starts_with(name, ATTRIBUTE_MACRO_PREFIX)) {
 		if (!macro_ok) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "%s not allowed: %s:%d\n",
 				name, src, lineno);
-			return NULL;
+			goto fail_return;
 		}
 		is_macro = 1;
 		name += strlen(ATTRIBUTE_MACRO_PREFIX);
 		name += strspn(name, blank);
 		namelen = strcspn(name, blank);
-		if (invalid_attr_name(name, namelen)) {
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"%.*s is not a valid attribute name: %s:%d\n",
-				namelen, name, src, lineno);
-			return NULL;
+		if (!attr_name_valid(name, namelen)) {
+			report_invalid_attr(name, namelen, src, lineno);
+			goto fail_return;
 		}
 	}
 	else
 		is_macro = 0;
 
-	states = name + namelen;
 	states += strspn(states, blank);
 
 	/* First pass to count the attr_states */
 	for (cp = states, num_attr = 0; *cp; num_attr++) {
 		cp = parse_attr(src, lineno, cp, NULL);
 		if (!cp)
-			return NULL;
+			goto fail_return;
 	}
 
 	res = xcalloc(1,
@@ -251,7 +403,6 @@ static struct match_attr *parse_attr_line(const char *line, const char *src,
 		      (is_macro ? 0 : namelen + 1));
 	if (is_macro) {
 		res->u.attr = git_attr_internal(name, namelen);
-		res->u.attr->maybe_macro = 1;
 	} else {
 		char *p = (char *)&(res->state[num_attr]);
 		memcpy(p, name, namelen);
@@ -263,7 +414,7 @@ static struct match_attr *parse_attr_line(const char *line, const char *src,
 		if (res->u.pat.flags & EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE) {
 			warning(_("Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
 				  "Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."));
-			return NULL;
+			goto fail_return;
 		}
 	}
 	res->is_macro = is_macro;
@@ -272,13 +423,15 @@ static struct match_attr *parse_attr_line(const char *line, const char *src,
 	/* Second pass to fill the attr_states */
 	for (cp = states, i = 0; *cp; i++) {
 		cp = parse_attr(src, lineno, cp, &(res->state[i]));
-		if (!is_macro)
-			res->state[i].attr->maybe_real = 1;
-		if (res->state[i].attr->maybe_macro)
-			cannot_trust_maybe_real = 1;
 	}
 
+	strbuf_release(&pattern);
 	return res;
+
+fail_return:
+	strbuf_release(&pattern);
+	free(res);
+	return NULL;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -296,19 +449,19 @@ static struct match_attr *parse_attr_line(const char *line, const char *src,
  * directory (again, reading the file from top to bottom) down to the
  * current directory, and then scan the list backwards to find the first match.
  * This is exactly the same as what is_excluded() does in dir.c to deal with
- * .gitignore
+ * .gitignore file and info/excludes file as a fallback.
  */
 
-static struct attr_stack {
+struct attr_stack {
 	struct attr_stack *prev;
 	char *origin;
 	size_t originlen;
 	unsigned num_matches;
 	unsigned alloc;
 	struct match_attr **attrs;
-} *attr_stack;
+};
 
-static void free_attr_elem(struct attr_stack *e)
+static void attr_stack_free(struct attr_stack *e)
 {
 	int i;
 	free(e->origin);
@@ -331,6 +484,188 @@ static void free_attr_elem(struct attr_stack *e)
 	free(e);
 }
 
+static void drop_attr_stack(struct attr_stack **stack)
+{
+	while (*stack) {
+		struct attr_stack *elem = *stack;
+		*stack = elem->prev;
+		attr_stack_free(elem);
+	}
+}
+
+/* List of all attr_check structs; access should be surrounded by mutex */
+static struct check_vector {
+	size_t nr;
+	size_t alloc;
+	struct attr_check **checks;
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	pthread_mutex_t mutex;
+#endif
+} check_vector;
+
+static inline void vector_lock(void)
+{
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	pthread_mutex_lock(&check_vector.mutex);
+#endif
+}
+
+static inline void vector_unlock(void)
+{
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	pthread_mutex_unlock(&check_vector.mutex);
+#endif
+}
+
+static void check_vector_add(struct attr_check *c)
+{
+	vector_lock();
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(check_vector.checks,
+		   check_vector.nr + 1,
+		   check_vector.alloc);
+	check_vector.checks[check_vector.nr++] = c;
+
+	vector_unlock();
+}
+
+static void check_vector_remove(struct attr_check *check)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	vector_lock();
+
+	/* Find entry */
+	for (i = 0; i < check_vector.nr; i++)
+		if (check_vector.checks[i] == check)
+			break;
+
+	if (i >= check_vector.nr)
+		BUG("no entry found");
+
+	/* shift entries over */
+	for (; i < check_vector.nr - 1; i++)
+		check_vector.checks[i] = check_vector.checks[i + 1];
+
+	check_vector.nr--;
+
+	vector_unlock();
+}
+
+/* Iterate through all attr_check instances and drop their stacks */
+static void drop_all_attr_stacks(void)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	vector_lock();
+
+	for (i = 0; i < check_vector.nr; i++) {
+		drop_attr_stack(&check_vector.checks[i]->stack);
+	}
+
+	vector_unlock();
+}
+
+struct attr_check *attr_check_alloc(void)
+{
+	struct attr_check *c = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct attr_check));
+
+	/* save pointer to the check struct */
+	check_vector_add(c);
+
+	return c;
+}
+
+struct attr_check *attr_check_initl(const char *one, ...)
+{
+	struct attr_check *check;
+	int cnt;
+	va_list params;
+	const char *param;
+
+	va_start(params, one);
+	for (cnt = 1; (param = va_arg(params, const char *)) != NULL; cnt++)
+		;
+	va_end(params);
+
+	check = attr_check_alloc();
+	check->nr = cnt;
+	check->alloc = cnt;
+	check->items = xcalloc(cnt, sizeof(struct attr_check_item));
+
+	check->items[0].attr = git_attr(one);
+	va_start(params, one);
+	for (cnt = 1; cnt < check->nr; cnt++) {
+		const struct git_attr *attr;
+		param = va_arg(params, const char *);
+		if (!param)
+			BUG("counted %d != ended at %d",
+			    check->nr, cnt);
+		attr = git_attr(param);
+		if (!attr)
+			BUG("%s: not a valid attribute name", param);
+		check->items[cnt].attr = attr;
+	}
+	va_end(params);
+	return check;
+}
+
+struct attr_check *attr_check_dup(const struct attr_check *check)
+{
+	struct attr_check *ret;
+
+	if (!check)
+		return NULL;
+
+	ret = attr_check_alloc();
+
+	ret->nr = check->nr;
+	ret->alloc = check->alloc;
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(ret->items, ret->nr);
+	COPY_ARRAY(ret->items, check->items, ret->nr);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+struct attr_check_item *attr_check_append(struct attr_check *check,
+					  const struct git_attr *attr)
+{
+	struct attr_check_item *item;
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(check->items, check->nr + 1, check->alloc);
+	item = &check->items[check->nr++];
+	item->attr = attr;
+	return item;
+}
+
+void attr_check_reset(struct attr_check *check)
+{
+	check->nr = 0;
+}
+
+void attr_check_clear(struct attr_check *check)
+{
+	FREE_AND_NULL(check->items);
+	check->alloc = 0;
+	check->nr = 0;
+
+	FREE_AND_NULL(check->all_attrs);
+	check->all_attrs_nr = 0;
+
+	drop_attr_stack(&check->stack);
+}
+
+void attr_check_free(struct attr_check *check)
+{
+	if (check) {
+		/* Remove check from the check vector */
+		check_vector_remove(check);
+
+		attr_check_clear(check);
+		free(check);
+	}
+}
+
 static const char *builtin_attr[] = {
 	"[attr]binary -diff -merge -text",
 	NULL,
@@ -363,35 +698,60 @@ static struct attr_stack *read_attr_from_array(const char **list)
 	return res;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Callers into the attribute system assume there is a single, system-wide
+ * global state where attributes are read from and when the state is flipped by
+ * calling git_attr_set_direction(), the stack frames that have been
+ * constructed need to be discarded so so that subsequent calls into the
+ * attribute system will lazily read from the right place.  Since changing
+ * direction causes a global paradigm shift, it should not ever be called while
+ * another thread could potentially be calling into the attribute system.
+ */
 static enum git_attr_direction direction;
-static struct index_state *use_index;
+
+void git_attr_set_direction(enum git_attr_direction new_direction)
+{
+	if (is_bare_repository() && new_direction != GIT_ATTR_INDEX)
+		BUG("non-INDEX attr direction in a bare repo");
+
+	if (new_direction != direction)
+		drop_all_attr_stacks();
+
+	direction = new_direction;
+}
 
 static struct attr_stack *read_attr_from_file(const char *path, int macro_ok)
 {
-	FILE *fp = fopen(path, "r");
+	FILE *fp = fopen_or_warn(path, "r");
 	struct attr_stack *res;
 	char buf[2048];
 	int lineno = 0;
 
-	if (!fp) {
-		if (errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR)
-			warn_on_inaccessible(path);
+	if (!fp)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 	res = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*res));
-	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp))
-		handle_attr_line(res, buf, path, ++lineno, macro_ok);
+	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp)) {
+		char *bufp = buf;
+		if (!lineno)
+			skip_utf8_bom(&bufp, strlen(bufp));
+		handle_attr_line(res, bufp, path, ++lineno, macro_ok);
+	}
 	fclose(fp);
 	return res;
 }
 
-static struct attr_stack *read_attr_from_index(const char *path, int macro_ok)
+static struct attr_stack *read_attr_from_index(const struct index_state *istate,
+					       const char *path,
+					       int macro_ok)
 {
 	struct attr_stack *res;
 	char *buf, *sp;
 	int lineno = 0;
 
-	buf = read_blob_data_from_index(use_index ? use_index : &the_index, path, NULL);
+	if (!istate)
+		return NULL;
+
+	buf = read_blob_data_from_index(istate, path, NULL);
 	if (!buf)
 		return NULL;
 
@@ -399,8 +759,8 @@ static struct attr_stack *read_attr_from_index(const char *path, int macro_ok)
 	for (sp = buf; *sp; ) {
 		char *ep;
 		int more;
-		for (ep = sp; *ep && *ep != '\n'; ep++)
-			;
+
+		ep = strchrnul(sp, '\n');
 		more = (*ep == '\n');
 		*ep = '\0';
 		handle_attr_line(res, sp, path, ++lineno, macro_ok);
@@ -410,27 +770,31 @@ static struct attr_stack *read_attr_from_index(const char *path, int macro_ok)
 	return res;
 }
 
-static struct attr_stack *read_attr(const char *path, int macro_ok)
+static struct attr_stack *read_attr(const struct index_state *istate,
+				    const char *path, int macro_ok)
 {
-	struct attr_stack *res;
-
-	if (direction == GIT_ATTR_CHECKOUT) {
-		res = read_attr_from_index(path, macro_ok);
-		if (!res)
+	struct attr_stack *res = NULL;
+
+	if (direction == GIT_ATTR_INDEX) {
+		res = read_attr_from_index(istate, path, macro_ok);
+	} else if (!is_bare_repository()) {
+		if (direction == GIT_ATTR_CHECKOUT) {
+			res = read_attr_from_index(istate, path, macro_ok);
+			if (!res)
+				res = read_attr_from_file(path, macro_ok);
+		} else if (direction == GIT_ATTR_CHECKIN) {
 			res = read_attr_from_file(path, macro_ok);
+			if (!res)
+				/*
+				 * There is no checked out .gitattributes file
+				 * there, but we might have it in the index.
+				 * We allow operation in a sparsely checked out
+				 * work tree, so read from it.
+				 */
+				res = read_attr_from_index(istate, path, macro_ok);
+		}
 	}
-	else if (direction == GIT_ATTR_CHECKIN) {
-		res = read_attr_from_file(path, macro_ok);
-		if (!res)
-			/*
-			 * There is no checked out .gitattributes file there, but
-			 * we might have it in the index.  We allow operation in a
-			 * sparsely checked out work tree, so read from it.
-			 */
-			res = read_attr_from_index(path, macro_ok);
-	}
-	else
-		res = read_attr_from_index(path, macro_ok);
+
 	if (!res)
 		res = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*res));
 	return res;
@@ -461,16 +825,7 @@ static void debug_set(const char *what, const char *match, struct git_attr *attr
 #define debug_push(a) do { ; } while (0)
 #define debug_pop(a) do { ; } while (0)
 #define debug_set(a,b,c,d) do { ; } while (0)
-#endif
-
-static void drop_attr_stack(void)
-{
-	while (attr_stack) {
-		struct attr_stack *elem = attr_stack;
-		attr_stack = elem->prev;
-		free_attr_elem(elem);
-	}
-}
+#endif /* DEBUG_ATTR */
 
 static const char *git_etc_gitattributes(void)
 {
@@ -480,68 +835,77 @@ static const char *git_etc_gitattributes(void)
 	return system_wide;
 }
 
+static const char *get_home_gitattributes(void)
+{
+	if (!git_attributes_file)
+		git_attributes_file = xdg_config_home("attributes");
+
+	return git_attributes_file;
+}
+
 static int git_attr_system(void)
 {
 	return !git_env_bool("GIT_ATTR_NOSYSTEM", 0);
 }
 
-static void bootstrap_attr_stack(void)
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_info_attributes, INFOATTRIBUTES_FILE)
+
+static void push_stack(struct attr_stack **attr_stack_p,
+		       struct attr_stack *elem, char *origin, size_t originlen)
+{
+	if (elem) {
+		elem->origin = origin;
+		if (origin)
+			elem->originlen = originlen;
+		elem->prev = *attr_stack_p;
+		*attr_stack_p = elem;
+	}
+}
+
+static void bootstrap_attr_stack(const struct index_state *istate,
+				 struct attr_stack **stack)
 {
-	struct attr_stack *elem;
-	char *xdg_attributes_file;
+	struct attr_stack *e;
 
-	if (attr_stack)
+	if (*stack)
 		return;
 
-	elem = read_attr_from_array(builtin_attr);
-	elem->origin = NULL;
-	elem->prev = attr_stack;
-	attr_stack = elem;
+	/* builtin frame */
+	e = read_attr_from_array(builtin_attr);
+	push_stack(stack, e, NULL, 0);
 
+	/* system-wide frame */
 	if (git_attr_system()) {
-		elem = read_attr_from_file(git_etc_gitattributes(), 1);
-		if (elem) {
-			elem->origin = NULL;
-			elem->prev = attr_stack;
-			attr_stack = elem;
-		}
+		e = read_attr_from_file(git_etc_gitattributes(), 1);
+		push_stack(stack, e, NULL, 0);
 	}
 
-	if (!git_attributes_file) {
-		home_config_paths(NULL, &xdg_attributes_file, "attributes");
-		git_attributes_file = xdg_attributes_file;
-	}
-	if (git_attributes_file) {
-		elem = read_attr_from_file(git_attributes_file, 1);
-		if (elem) {
-			elem->origin = NULL;
-			elem->prev = attr_stack;
-			attr_stack = elem;
-		}
+	/* home directory */
+	if (get_home_gitattributes()) {
+		e = read_attr_from_file(get_home_gitattributes(), 1);
+		push_stack(stack, e, NULL, 0);
 	}
 
-	if (!is_bare_repository() || direction == GIT_ATTR_INDEX) {
-		elem = read_attr(GITATTRIBUTES_FILE, 1);
-		elem->origin = xstrdup("");
-		elem->originlen = 0;
-		elem->prev = attr_stack;
-		attr_stack = elem;
-		debug_push(elem);
-	}
+	/* root directory */
+	e = read_attr(istate, GITATTRIBUTES_FILE, 1);
+	push_stack(stack, e, xstrdup(""), 0);
 
-	elem = read_attr_from_file(git_path(INFOATTRIBUTES_FILE), 1);
-	if (!elem)
-		elem = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*elem));
-	elem->origin = NULL;
-	elem->prev = attr_stack;
-	attr_stack = elem;
+	/* info frame */
+	if (startup_info->have_repository)
+		e = read_attr_from_file(git_path_info_attributes(), 1);
+	else
+		e = NULL;
+	if (!e)
+		e = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct attr_stack));
+	push_stack(stack, e, NULL, 0);
 }
 
-static void prepare_attr_stack(const char *path, int dirlen)
+static void prepare_attr_stack(const struct index_state *istate,
+			       const char *path, int dirlen,
+			       struct attr_stack **stack)
 {
-	struct attr_stack *elem, *info;
-	int len;
-	const char *cp;
+	struct attr_stack *info;
+	struct strbuf pathbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	/*
 	 * At the bottom of the attribute stack is the built-in
@@ -558,13 +922,13 @@ static void prepare_attr_stack(const char *path, int dirlen)
 	 * .gitattributes in deeper directories to shallower ones,
 	 * and finally use the built-in set as the default.
 	 */
-	bootstrap_attr_stack();
+	bootstrap_attr_stack(istate, stack);
 
 	/*
 	 * Pop the "info" one that is always at the top of the stack.
 	 */
-	info = attr_stack;
-	attr_stack = info->prev;
+	info = *stack;
+	*stack = info->prev;
 
 	/*
 	 * Pop the ones from directories that are not the prefix of
@@ -572,59 +936,63 @@ static void prepare_attr_stack(const char *path, int dirlen)
 	 * the root one (whose origin is an empty string "") or the builtin
 	 * one (whose origin is NULL) without popping it.
 	 */
-	while (attr_stack->origin) {
-		int namelen = strlen(attr_stack->origin);
+	while ((*stack)->origin) {
+		int namelen = (*stack)->originlen;
+		struct attr_stack *elem;
 
-		elem = attr_stack;
+		elem = *stack;
 		if (namelen <= dirlen &&
 		    !strncmp(elem->origin, path, namelen) &&
 		    (!namelen || path[namelen] == '/'))
 			break;
 
 		debug_pop(elem);
-		attr_stack = elem->prev;
-		free_attr_elem(elem);
+		*stack = elem->prev;
+		attr_stack_free(elem);
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Read from parent directories and push them down
+	 * bootstrap_attr_stack() should have added, and the
+	 * above loop should have stopped before popping, the
+	 * root element whose attr_stack->origin is set to an
+	 * empty string.
 	 */
-	if (!is_bare_repository() || direction == GIT_ATTR_INDEX) {
-		/*
-		 * bootstrap_attr_stack() should have added, and the
-		 * above loop should have stopped before popping, the
-		 * root element whose attr_stack->origin is set to an
-		 * empty string.
-		 */
-		struct strbuf pathbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-		assert(attr_stack->origin);
-		while (1) {
-			len = strlen(attr_stack->origin);
-			if (dirlen <= len)
-				break;
-			cp = memchr(path + len + 1, '/', dirlen - len - 1);
-			if (!cp)
-				cp = path + dirlen;
-			strbuf_add(&pathbuf, path, cp - path);
+	assert((*stack)->origin);
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&pathbuf, (*stack)->origin);
+	/* Build up to the directory 'path' is in */
+	while (pathbuf.len < dirlen) {
+		size_t len = pathbuf.len;
+		struct attr_stack *next;
+		char *origin;
+
+		/* Skip path-separator */
+		if (len < dirlen && is_dir_sep(path[len]))
+			len++;
+		/* Find the end of the next component */
+		while (len < dirlen && !is_dir_sep(path[len]))
+			len++;
+
+		if (pathbuf.len > 0)
 			strbuf_addch(&pathbuf, '/');
-			strbuf_addstr(&pathbuf, GITATTRIBUTES_FILE);
-			elem = read_attr(pathbuf.buf, 0);
-			strbuf_setlen(&pathbuf, cp - path);
-			elem->origin = strbuf_detach(&pathbuf, &elem->originlen);
-			elem->prev = attr_stack;
-			attr_stack = elem;
-			debug_push(elem);
-		}
+		strbuf_add(&pathbuf, path + pathbuf.len, (len - pathbuf.len));
+		strbuf_addf(&pathbuf, "/%s", GITATTRIBUTES_FILE);
 
-		strbuf_release(&pathbuf);
+		next = read_attr(istate, pathbuf.buf, 0);
+
+		/* reset the pathbuf to not include "/.gitattributes" */
+		strbuf_setlen(&pathbuf, len);
+
+		origin = xstrdup(pathbuf.buf);
+		push_stack(stack, next, origin, len);
 	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Finally push the "info" one at the top of the stack.
 	 */
-	info->prev = attr_stack;
-	attr_stack = info;
+	push_stack(stack, info, NULL, 0);
+
+	strbuf_release(&pathbuf);
 }
 
 static int path_matches(const char *pathname, int pathlen,
@@ -650,16 +1018,16 @@ static int path_matches(const char *pathname, int pathlen,
 			      pattern, prefix, pat->patternlen, pat->flags);
 }
 
-static int macroexpand_one(int attr_nr, int rem);
+static int macroexpand_one(struct all_attrs_item *all_attrs, int nr, int rem);
 
-static int fill_one(const char *what, struct match_attr *a, int rem)
+static int fill_one(const char *what, struct all_attrs_item *all_attrs,
+		    const struct match_attr *a, int rem)
 {
-	struct git_attr_check *check = check_all_attr;
 	int i;
 
-	for (i = a->num_attr - 1; 0 < rem && 0 <= i; i--) {
-		struct git_attr *attr = a->state[i].attr;
-		const char **n = &(check[attr->attr_nr].value);
+	for (i = a->num_attr - 1; rem > 0 && i >= 0; i--) {
+		const struct git_attr *attr = a->state[i].attr;
+		const char **n = &(all_attrs[attr->attr_nr].value);
 		const char *v = a->state[i].setto;
 
 		if (*n == ATTR__UNKNOWN) {
@@ -668,64 +1036,74 @@ static int fill_one(const char *what, struct match_attr *a, int rem)
 				  attr, v);
 			*n = v;
 			rem--;
-			rem = macroexpand_one(attr->attr_nr, rem);
+			rem = macroexpand_one(all_attrs, attr->attr_nr, rem);
 		}
 	}
 	return rem;
 }
 
 static int fill(const char *path, int pathlen, int basename_offset,
-		struct attr_stack *stk, int rem)
+		const struct attr_stack *stack,
+		struct all_attrs_item *all_attrs, int rem)
 {
-	int i;
-	const char *base = stk->origin ? stk->origin : "";
+	for (; rem > 0 && stack; stack = stack->prev) {
+		int i;
+		const char *base = stack->origin ? stack->origin : "";
 
-	for (i = stk->num_matches - 1; 0 < rem && 0 <= i; i--) {
-		struct match_attr *a = stk->attrs[i];
-		if (a->is_macro)
-			continue;
-		if (path_matches(path, pathlen, basename_offset,
-				 &a->u.pat, base, stk->originlen))
-			rem = fill_one("fill", a, rem);
+		for (i = stack->num_matches - 1; 0 < rem && 0 <= i; i--) {
+			const struct match_attr *a = stack->attrs[i];
+			if (a->is_macro)
+				continue;
+			if (path_matches(path, pathlen, basename_offset,
+					 &a->u.pat, base, stack->originlen))
+				rem = fill_one("fill", all_attrs, a, rem);
+		}
 	}
+
 	return rem;
 }
 
-static int macroexpand_one(int nr, int rem)
+static int macroexpand_one(struct all_attrs_item *all_attrs, int nr, int rem)
 {
-	struct attr_stack *stk;
-	struct match_attr *a = NULL;
-	int i;
+	const struct all_attrs_item *item = &all_attrs[nr];
 
-	if (check_all_attr[nr].value != ATTR__TRUE ||
-	    !check_all_attr[nr].attr->maybe_macro)
+	if (item->macro && item->value == ATTR__TRUE)
+		return fill_one("expand", all_attrs, item->macro, rem);
+	else
 		return rem;
+}
 
-	for (stk = attr_stack; !a && stk; stk = stk->prev)
-		for (i = stk->num_matches - 1; !a && 0 <= i; i--) {
-			struct match_attr *ma = stk->attrs[i];
-			if (!ma->is_macro)
-				continue;
-			if (ma->u.attr->attr_nr == nr)
-				a = ma;
+/*
+ * Marks the attributes which are macros based on the attribute stack.
+ * This prevents having to search through the attribute stack each time
+ * a macro needs to be expanded during the fill stage.
+ */
+static void determine_macros(struct all_attrs_item *all_attrs,
+			     const struct attr_stack *stack)
+{
+	for (; stack; stack = stack->prev) {
+		int i;
+		for (i = stack->num_matches - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+			const struct match_attr *ma = stack->attrs[i];
+			if (ma->is_macro) {
+				int n = ma->u.attr->attr_nr;
+				if (!all_attrs[n].macro) {
+					all_attrs[n].macro = ma;
+				}
+			}
 		}
-
-	if (a)
-		rem = fill_one("expand", a, rem);
-
-	return rem;
+	}
 }
 
 /*
- * Collect attributes for path into the array pointed to by
- * check_all_attr. If num is non-zero, only attributes in check[] are
- * collected. Otherwise all attributes are collected.
+ * Collect attributes for path into the array pointed to by check->all_attrs.
+ * If check->check_nr is non-zero, only attributes in check[] are collected.
+ * Otherwise all attributes are collected.
  */
-static void collect_some_attrs(const char *path, int num,
-			       struct git_attr_check *check)
-
+static void collect_some_attrs(const struct index_state *istate,
+			       const char *path,
+			       struct attr_check *check)
 {
-	struct attr_stack *stk;
 	int i, pathlen, rem, dirlen;
 	const char *cp, *last_slash = NULL;
 	int basename_offset;
@@ -743,81 +1121,70 @@ static void collect_some_attrs(const char *path, int num,
 		dirlen = 0;
 	}
 
-	prepare_attr_stack(path, dirlen);
-	for (i = 0; i < attr_nr; i++)
-		check_all_attr[i].value = ATTR__UNKNOWN;
-	if (num && !cannot_trust_maybe_real) {
+	prepare_attr_stack(istate, path, dirlen, &check->stack);
+	all_attrs_init(&g_attr_hashmap, check);
+	determine_macros(check->all_attrs, check->stack);
+
+	if (check->nr) {
 		rem = 0;
-		for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
-			if (!check[i].attr->maybe_real) {
-				struct git_attr_check *c;
-				c = check_all_attr + check[i].attr->attr_nr;
-				c->value = ATTR__UNSET;
+		for (i = 0; i < check->nr; i++) {
+			int n = check->items[i].attr->attr_nr;
+			struct all_attrs_item *item = &check->all_attrs[n];
+			if (item->macro) {
+				item->value = ATTR__UNSET;
 				rem++;
 			}
 		}
-		if (rem == num)
+		if (rem == check->nr)
 			return;
 	}
 
-	rem = attr_nr;
-	for (stk = attr_stack; 0 < rem && stk; stk = stk->prev)
-		rem = fill(path, pathlen, basename_offset, stk, rem);
+	rem = check->all_attrs_nr;
+	fill(path, pathlen, basename_offset, check->stack, check->all_attrs, rem);
 }
 
-int git_check_attr(const char *path, int num, struct git_attr_check *check)
+int git_check_attr(const struct index_state *istate,
+		   const char *path,
+		   struct attr_check *check)
 {
 	int i;
 
-	collect_some_attrs(path, num, check);
+	collect_some_attrs(istate, path, check);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
-		const char *value = check_all_attr[check[i].attr->attr_nr].value;
+	for (i = 0; i < check->nr; i++) {
+		size_t n = check->items[i].attr->attr_nr;
+		const char *value = check->all_attrs[n].value;
 		if (value == ATTR__UNKNOWN)
 			value = ATTR__UNSET;
-		check[i].value = value;
+		check->items[i].value = value;
 	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int git_all_attrs(const char *path, int *num, struct git_attr_check **check)
+void git_all_attrs(const struct index_state *istate,
+		   const char *path, struct attr_check *check)
 {
-	int i, count, j;
+	int i;
 
-	collect_some_attrs(path, 0, NULL);
+	attr_check_reset(check);
+	collect_some_attrs(istate, path, check);
 
-	/* Count the number of attributes that are set. */
-	count = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < attr_nr; i++) {
-		const char *value = check_all_attr[i].value;
-		if (value != ATTR__UNSET && value != ATTR__UNKNOWN)
-			++count;
-	}
-	*num = count;
-	*check = xmalloc(sizeof(**check) * count);
-	j = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < attr_nr; i++) {
-		const char *value = check_all_attr[i].value;
-		if (value != ATTR__UNSET && value != ATTR__UNKNOWN) {
-			(*check)[j].attr = check_all_attr[i].attr;
-			(*check)[j].value = value;
-			++j;
-		}
+	for (i = 0; i < check->all_attrs_nr; i++) {
+		const char *name = check->all_attrs[i].attr->name;
+		const char *value = check->all_attrs[i].value;
+		struct attr_check_item *item;
+		if (value == ATTR__UNSET || value == ATTR__UNKNOWN)
+			continue;
+		item = attr_check_append(check, git_attr(name));
+		item->value = value;
 	}
-
-	return 0;
 }
 
-void git_attr_set_direction(enum git_attr_direction new, struct index_state *istate)
+void attr_start(void)
 {
-	enum git_attr_direction old = direction;
-
-	if (is_bare_repository() && new != GIT_ATTR_INDEX)
-		die("BUG: non-INDEX attr direction in a bare repo");
-
-	direction = new;
-	if (new != old)
-		drop_attr_stack();
-	use_index = istate;
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	pthread_mutex_init(&g_attr_hashmap.mutex, NULL);
+	pthread_mutex_init(&check_vector.mutex, NULL);
+#endif
 }
diff --git a/attr.h b/attr.h
index 8b08d33af8..2be86db36e 100644
--- a/attr.h
+++ b/attr.h
@@ -1,14 +1,21 @@
 #ifndef ATTR_H
 #define ATTR_H
 
+struct index_state;
+
 /* An attribute is a pointer to this opaque structure */
 struct git_attr;
 
+/* opaque structures used internally for attribute collection */
+struct all_attrs_item;
+struct attr_stack;
+struct index_state;
+
 /*
  * Given a string, return the gitattribute object that
  * corresponds to it.
  */
-struct git_attr *git_attr(const char *);
+const struct git_attr *git_attr(const char *);
 
 /* Internal use */
 extern const char git_attr__true[];
@@ -20,38 +27,59 @@ extern const char git_attr__false[];
 #define ATTR_UNSET(v) ((v) == NULL)
 
 /*
- * Send one or more git_attr_check to git_check_attr(), and
+ * Send one or more git_attr_check to git_check_attrs(), and
  * each 'value' member tells what its value is.
  * Unset one is returned as NULL.
  */
-struct git_attr_check {
-	struct git_attr *attr;
+struct attr_check_item {
+	const struct git_attr *attr;
 	const char *value;
 };
 
+struct attr_check {
+	int nr;
+	int alloc;
+	struct attr_check_item *items;
+	int all_attrs_nr;
+	struct all_attrs_item *all_attrs;
+	struct attr_stack *stack;
+};
+
+struct attr_check *attr_check_alloc(void);
+struct attr_check *attr_check_initl(const char *, ...);
+struct attr_check *attr_check_dup(const struct attr_check *check);
+
+struct attr_check_item *attr_check_append(struct attr_check *check,
+					  const struct git_attr *attr);
+
+void attr_check_reset(struct attr_check *check);
+void attr_check_clear(struct attr_check *check);
+void attr_check_free(struct attr_check *check);
+
 /*
  * Return the name of the attribute represented by the argument.  The
  * return value is a pointer to a null-delimited string that is part
  * of the internal data structure; it should not be modified or freed.
  */
-char *git_attr_name(struct git_attr *);
+const char *git_attr_name(const struct git_attr *);
 
-int git_check_attr(const char *path, int, struct git_attr_check *);
+int git_check_attr(const struct index_state *istate,
+		   const char *path, struct attr_check *check);
 
 /*
- * Retrieve all attributes that apply to the specified path.  *num
- * will be set to the number of attributes on the path; **check will
- * be set to point at a newly-allocated array of git_attr_check
- * objects describing the attributes and their values.  *check must be
- * free()ed by the caller.
+ * Retrieve all attributes that apply to the specified path.
+ * check holds the attributes and their values.
  */
-int git_all_attrs(const char *path, int *num, struct git_attr_check **check);
+void git_all_attrs(const struct index_state *istate,
+		   const char *path, struct attr_check *check);
 
 enum git_attr_direction {
 	GIT_ATTR_CHECKIN,
 	GIT_ATTR_CHECKOUT,
 	GIT_ATTR_INDEX
 };
-void git_attr_set_direction(enum git_attr_direction, struct index_state *);
+void git_attr_set_direction(enum git_attr_direction new_direction);
+
+void attr_start(void);
 
 #endif /* ATTR_H */
diff --git a/banned.h b/banned.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..28f5937035
--- /dev/null
+++ b/banned.h
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#ifndef BANNED_H
+#define BANNED_H
+
+/*
+ * This header lists functions that have been banned from our code base,
+ * because they're too easy to misuse (and even if used correctly,
+ * complicate audits). Including this header turns them into compile-time
+ * errors.
+ */
+
+#define BANNED(func) sorry_##func##_is_a_banned_function
+
+#undef strcpy
+#define strcpy(x,y) BANNED(strcpy)
+#undef strcat
+#define strcat(x,y) BANNED(strcat)
+#undef strncpy
+#define strncpy(x,y,n) BANNED(strncpy)
+
+#undef sprintf
+#undef vsprintf
+#ifdef HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define sprintf(...) BANNED(sprintf)
+#define vsprintf(...) BANNED(vsprintf)
+#else
+#define sprintf(buf,fmt,arg) BANNED(sprintf)
+#define vsprintf(buf,fmt,arg) BANNED(sprintf)
+#endif
+
+#endif /* BANNED_H */
diff --git a/bisect.c b/bisect.c
index 8c6d843699..e1275ba79e 100644
--- a/bisect.c
+++ b/bisect.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
@@ -11,15 +12,18 @@
 #include "bisect.h"
 #include "sha1-array.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
+#include "commit-slab.h"
 
-static struct sha1_array good_revs;
-static struct sha1_array skipped_revs;
+static struct oid_array good_revs;
+static struct oid_array skipped_revs;
 
-static unsigned char *current_bad_sha1;
+static struct object_id *current_bad_oid;
 
 static const char *argv_checkout[] = {"checkout", "-q", NULL, "--", NULL};
 static const char *argv_show_branch[] = {"show-branch", NULL, NULL};
-static const char *argv_update_ref[] = {"update-ref", "--no-deref", "BISECT_HEAD", NULL, NULL};
+
+static const char *term_bad;
+static const char *term_good;
 
 /* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
 #define COUNTED		(1u<<16)
@@ -67,16 +71,19 @@ static void clear_distance(struct commit_list *list)
 	}
 }
 
+define_commit_slab(commit_weight, int *);
+static struct commit_weight commit_weight;
+
 #define DEBUG_BISECT 0
 
 static inline int weight(struct commit_list *elem)
 {
-	return *((int*)(elem->item->util));
+	return **commit_weight_at(&commit_weight, elem->item);
 }
 
 static inline void weight_set(struct commit_list *elem, int weight)
 {
-	*((int*)(elem->item->util)) = weight;
+	**commit_weight_at(&commit_weight, elem->item) = weight;
 }
 
 static int count_interesting_parents(struct commit *commit)
@@ -129,7 +136,8 @@ static void show_list(const char *debug, int counted, int nr,
 		unsigned flags = commit->object.flags;
 		enum object_type type;
 		unsigned long size;
-		char *buf = read_sha1_file(commit->object.sha1, &type, &size);
+		char *buf = read_object_file(&commit->object.oid, &type,
+					     &size);
 		const char *subject_start;
 		int subject_len;
 
@@ -141,10 +149,10 @@ static void show_list(const char *debug, int counted, int nr,
 			fprintf(stderr, "%3d", weight(p));
 		else
 			fprintf(stderr, "---");
-		fprintf(stderr, " %.*s", 8, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		fprintf(stderr, " %.*s", 8, oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 		for (pp = commit->parents; pp; pp = pp->next)
 			fprintf(stderr, " %.*s", 8,
-				sha1_to_hex(pp->item->object.sha1));
+				oid_to_hex(&pp->item->object.oid));
 
 		subject_len = find_commit_subject(buf, &subject_start);
 		if (subject_len)
@@ -191,13 +199,14 @@ static int compare_commit_dist(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 	b = (struct commit_dist *)b_;
 	if (a->distance != b->distance)
 		return b->distance - a->distance; /* desc sort */
-	return hashcmp(a->commit->object.sha1, b->commit->object.sha1);
+	return oidcmp(&a->commit->object.oid, &b->commit->object.oid);
 }
 
 static struct commit_list *best_bisection_sorted(struct commit_list *list, int nr)
 {
 	struct commit_list *p;
 	struct commit_dist *array = xcalloc(nr, sizeof(*array));
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int cnt, i;
 
 	for (p = list, cnt = 0; p; p = p->next) {
@@ -213,19 +222,23 @@ static struct commit_list *best_bisection_sorted(struct commit_list *list, int n
 		array[cnt].distance = distance;
 		cnt++;
 	}
-	qsort(array, cnt, sizeof(*array), compare_commit_dist);
+	QSORT(array, cnt, compare_commit_dist);
 	for (p = list, i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
-		char buf[100]; /* enough for dist=%d */
 		struct object *obj = &(array[i].commit->object);
 
-		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "dist=%d", array[i].distance);
-		add_name_decoration(DECORATION_NONE, buf, obj);
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "dist=%d", array[i].distance);
+		add_name_decoration(DECORATION_NONE, buf.buf, obj);
 
 		p->item = array[i].commit;
-		p = p->next;
+		if (i < cnt - 1)
+			p = p->next;
 	}
-	if (p)
+	if (p) {
+		free_commit_list(p->next);
 		p->next = NULL;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	free(array);
 	return list;
 }
@@ -256,7 +269,7 @@ static struct commit_list *do_find_bisection(struct commit_list *list,
 		struct commit *commit = p->item;
 		unsigned flags = commit->object.flags;
 
-		p->item->util = &weights[n++];
+		*commit_weight_at(&commit_weight, p->item) = &weights[n++];
 		switch (count_interesting_parents(commit)) {
 		case 0:
 			if (!(flags & TREESAME)) {
@@ -355,28 +368,30 @@ static struct commit_list *do_find_bisection(struct commit_list *list,
 		return best_bisection_sorted(list, nr);
 }
 
-struct commit_list *find_bisection(struct commit_list *list,
-					  int *reaches, int *all,
-					  int find_all)
+void find_bisection(struct commit_list **commit_list, int *reaches,
+		    int *all, int find_all)
 {
 	int nr, on_list;
-	struct commit_list *p, *best, *next, *last;
+	struct commit_list *list, *p, *best, *next, *last;
 	int *weights;
 
-	show_list("bisection 2 entry", 0, 0, list);
+	show_list("bisection 2 entry", 0, 0, *commit_list);
+	init_commit_weight(&commit_weight);
 
 	/*
 	 * Count the number of total and tree-changing items on the
 	 * list, while reversing the list.
 	 */
-	for (nr = on_list = 0, last = NULL, p = list;
+	for (nr = on_list = 0, last = NULL, p = *commit_list;
 	     p;
 	     p = next) {
 		unsigned flags = p->item->object.flags;
 
 		next = p->next;
-		if (flags & UNINTERESTING)
+		if (flags & UNINTERESTING) {
+			free(p);
 			continue;
+		}
 		p->next = last;
 		last = p;
 		if (!(flags & TREESAME))
@@ -392,26 +407,37 @@ struct commit_list *find_bisection(struct commit_list *list,
 	/* Do the real work of finding bisection commit. */
 	best = do_find_bisection(list, nr, weights, find_all);
 	if (best) {
-		if (!find_all)
+		if (!find_all) {
+			list->item = best->item;
+			free_commit_list(list->next);
+			best = list;
 			best->next = NULL;
+		}
 		*reaches = weight(best);
 	}
 	free(weights);
-	return best;
+	*commit_list = best;
+	clear_commit_weight(&commit_weight);
 }
 
-static int register_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int register_ref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
 			int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
-	if (!strcmp(refname, "bad")) {
-		current_bad_sha1 = xmalloc(20);
-		hashcpy(current_bad_sha1, sha1);
-	} else if (starts_with(refname, "good-")) {
-		sha1_array_append(&good_revs, sha1);
+	struct strbuf good_prefix = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addstr(&good_prefix, term_good);
+	strbuf_addstr(&good_prefix, "-");
+
+	if (!strcmp(refname, term_bad)) {
+		current_bad_oid = xmalloc(sizeof(*current_bad_oid));
+		oidcpy(current_bad_oid, oid);
+	} else if (starts_with(refname, good_prefix.buf)) {
+		oid_array_append(&good_revs, oid);
 	} else if (starts_with(refname, "skip-")) {
-		sha1_array_append(&skipped_revs, sha1);
+		oid_array_append(&skipped_revs, oid);
 	}
 
+	strbuf_release(&good_prefix);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -420,19 +446,25 @@ static int read_bisect_refs(void)
 	return for_each_ref_in("refs/bisect/", register_ref, NULL);
 }
 
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_bisect_names, "BISECT_NAMES")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_bisect_expected_rev, "BISECT_EXPECTED_REV")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_bisect_ancestors_ok, "BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_bisect_run, "BISECT_RUN")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_bisect_start, "BISECT_START")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_bisect_log, "BISECT_LOG")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_bisect_terms, "BISECT_TERMS")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_head_name, "head-name")
+
 static void read_bisect_paths(struct argv_array *array)
 {
 	struct strbuf str = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *filename = git_path("BISECT_NAMES");
-	FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "r");
-
-	if (!fp)
-		die_errno("Could not open file '%s'", filename);
+	const char *filename = git_path_bisect_names();
+	FILE *fp = xfopen(filename, "r");
 
-	while (strbuf_getline(&str, fp, '\n') != EOF) {
+	while (strbuf_getline_lf(&str, fp) != EOF) {
 		strbuf_trim(&str);
 		if (sq_dequote_to_argv_array(str.buf, array))
-			die("Badly quoted content in file '%s': %s",
+			die(_("Badly quoted content in file '%s': %s"),
 			    filename, str.buf);
 	}
 
@@ -440,13 +472,13 @@ static void read_bisect_paths(struct argv_array *array)
 	fclose(fp);
 }
 
-static char *join_sha1_array_hex(struct sha1_array *array, char delim)
+static char *join_sha1_array_hex(struct oid_array *array, char delim)
 {
 	struct strbuf joined_hexs = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < array->nr; i++) {
-		strbuf_addstr(&joined_hexs, sha1_to_hex(array->sha1[i]));
+		strbuf_addstr(&joined_hexs, oid_to_hex(array->oid + i));
 		if (i + 1 < array->nr)
 			strbuf_addch(&joined_hexs, delim);
 	}
@@ -488,8 +520,7 @@ struct commit_list *filter_skipped(struct commit_list *list,
 	while (list) {
 		struct commit_list *next = list->next;
 		list->next = NULL;
-		if (0 <= sha1_array_lookup(&skipped_revs,
-					   list->item->object.sha1)) {
+		if (0 <= oid_array_lookup(&skipped_revs, &list->item->object.oid)) {
 			if (skipped_first && !*skipped_first)
 				*skipped_first = 1;
 			/* Move current to tried list */
@@ -533,7 +564,7 @@ static unsigned get_prn(unsigned count) {
 
 /*
  * Custom integer square root from
- * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_square_root
+ * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_square_root
  */
 static int sqrti(int val)
 {
@@ -564,7 +595,7 @@ static struct commit_list *skip_away(struct commit_list *list, int count)
 
 	for (i = 0; cur; cur = cur->next, i++) {
 		if (i == index) {
-			if (hashcmp(cur->item->object.sha1, current_bad_sha1))
+			if (oidcmp(&cur->item->object.oid, current_bad_oid))
 				return cur;
 			if (previous)
 				return previous;
@@ -607,10 +638,10 @@ static void bisect_rev_setup(struct rev_info *revs, const char *prefix,
 
 	/* rev_argv.argv[0] will be ignored by setup_revisions */
 	argv_array_push(&rev_argv, "bisect_rev_setup");
-	argv_array_pushf(&rev_argv, bad_format, sha1_to_hex(current_bad_sha1));
+	argv_array_pushf(&rev_argv, bad_format, oid_to_hex(current_bad_oid));
 	for (i = 0; i < good_revs.nr; i++)
 		argv_array_pushf(&rev_argv, good_format,
-				 sha1_to_hex(good_revs.sha1[i]));
+				 oid_to_hex(good_revs.oid + i));
 	argv_array_push(&rev_argv, "--");
 	if (read_paths)
 		read_bisect_paths(&rev_argv);
@@ -628,23 +659,26 @@ static void bisect_common(struct rev_info *revs)
 }
 
 static void exit_if_skipped_commits(struct commit_list *tried,
-				    const unsigned char *bad)
+				    const struct object_id *bad)
 {
 	if (!tried)
 		return;
 
 	printf("There are only 'skip'ped commits left to test.\n"
-	       "The first bad commit could be any of:\n");
-	print_commit_list(tried, "%s\n", "%s\n");
+	       "The first %s commit could be any of:\n", term_bad);
+
+	for ( ; tried; tried = tried->next)
+		printf("%s\n", oid_to_hex(&tried->item->object.oid));
+
 	if (bad)
-		printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(bad));
-	printf("We cannot bisect more!\n");
+		printf("%s\n", oid_to_hex(bad));
+	printf(_("We cannot bisect more!\n"));
 	exit(2);
 }
 
-static int is_expected_rev(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static int is_expected_rev(const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	const char *filename = git_path("BISECT_EXPECTED_REV");
+	const char *filename = git_path_bisect_expected_rev();
 	struct stat st;
 	struct strbuf str = STRBUF_INIT;
 	FILE *fp;
@@ -653,12 +687,12 @@ static int is_expected_rev(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	if (stat(filename, &st) || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
 		return 0;
 
-	fp = fopen(filename, "r");
+	fp = fopen_or_warn(filename, "r");
 	if (!fp)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (strbuf_getline(&str, fp, '\n') != EOF)
-		res = !strcmp(str.buf, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	if (strbuf_getline_lf(&str, fp) != EOF)
+		res = !strcmp(str.buf, oid_to_hex(oid));
 
 	strbuf_release(&str);
 	fclose(fp);
@@ -666,34 +700,17 @@ static int is_expected_rev(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	return res;
 }
 
-static void mark_expected_rev(char *bisect_rev_hex)
+static int bisect_checkout(const struct object_id *bisect_rev, int no_checkout)
 {
-	int len = strlen(bisect_rev_hex);
-	const char *filename = git_path("BISECT_EXPECTED_REV");
-	int fd = open(filename, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY, 0600);
+	char bisect_rev_hex[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
 
-	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno("could not create file '%s'", filename);
-
-	bisect_rev_hex[len] = '\n';
-	write_or_die(fd, bisect_rev_hex, len + 1);
-	bisect_rev_hex[len] = '\0';
-
-	if (close(fd) < 0)
-		die("closing file %s: %s", filename, strerror(errno));
-}
-
-static int bisect_checkout(char *bisect_rev_hex, int no_checkout)
-{
-
-	mark_expected_rev(bisect_rev_hex);
+	memcpy(bisect_rev_hex, oid_to_hex(bisect_rev), GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1);
+	update_ref(NULL, "BISECT_EXPECTED_REV", bisect_rev, NULL, 0, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
 
 	argv_checkout[2] = bisect_rev_hex;
 	if (no_checkout) {
-		argv_update_ref[3] = bisect_rev_hex;
-		if (run_command_v_opt(argv_update_ref, RUN_GIT_CMD))
-			die("update-ref --no-deref HEAD failed on %s",
-			    bisect_rev_hex);
+		update_ref(NULL, "BISECT_HEAD", bisect_rev, NULL, 0,
+			   UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
 	} else {
 		int res;
 		res = run_command_v_opt(argv_checkout, RUN_GIT_CMD);
@@ -705,23 +722,23 @@ static int bisect_checkout(char *bisect_rev_hex, int no_checkout)
 	return run_command_v_opt(argv_show_branch, RUN_GIT_CMD);
 }
 
-static struct commit *get_commit_reference(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static struct commit *get_commit_reference(const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	struct commit *r = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	struct commit *r = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, oid);
 	if (!r)
-		die("Not a valid commit name %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		die(_("Not a valid commit name %s"), oid_to_hex(oid));
 	return r;
 }
 
 static struct commit **get_bad_and_good_commits(int *rev_nr)
 {
-	int len = 1 + good_revs.nr;
-	struct commit **rev = xmalloc(len * sizeof(*rev));
+	struct commit **rev;
 	int i, n = 0;
 
-	rev[n++] = get_commit_reference(current_bad_sha1);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(rev, 1 + good_revs.nr);
+	rev[n++] = get_commit_reference(current_bad_oid);
 	for (i = 0; i < good_revs.nr; i++)
-		rev[n++] = get_commit_reference(good_revs.sha1[i]);
+		rev[n++] = get_commit_reference(good_revs.oid + i);
 	*rev_nr = n;
 
 	return rev;
@@ -729,97 +746,94 @@ static struct commit **get_bad_and_good_commits(int *rev_nr)
 
 static void handle_bad_merge_base(void)
 {
-	if (is_expected_rev(current_bad_sha1)) {
-		char *bad_hex = sha1_to_hex(current_bad_sha1);
+	if (is_expected_rev(current_bad_oid)) {
+		char *bad_hex = oid_to_hex(current_bad_oid);
 		char *good_hex = join_sha1_array_hex(&good_revs, ' ');
-
-		fprintf(stderr, "The merge base %s is bad.\n"
-			"This means the bug has been fixed "
-			"between %s and [%s].\n",
-			bad_hex, bad_hex, good_hex);
-
+		if (!strcmp(term_bad, "bad") && !strcmp(term_good, "good")) {
+			fprintf(stderr, _("The merge base %s is bad.\n"
+				"This means the bug has been fixed "
+				"between %s and [%s].\n"),
+				bad_hex, bad_hex, good_hex);
+		} else if (!strcmp(term_bad, "new") && !strcmp(term_good, "old")) {
+			fprintf(stderr, _("The merge base %s is new.\n"
+				"The property has changed "
+				"between %s and [%s].\n"),
+				bad_hex, bad_hex, good_hex);
+		} else {
+			fprintf(stderr, _("The merge base %s is %s.\n"
+				"This means the first '%s' commit is "
+				"between %s and [%s].\n"),
+				bad_hex, term_bad, term_good, bad_hex, good_hex);
+		}
 		exit(3);
 	}
 
-	fprintf(stderr, "Some good revs are not ancestor of the bad rev.\n"
+	fprintf(stderr, _("Some %s revs are not ancestors of the %s rev.\n"
 		"git bisect cannot work properly in this case.\n"
-		"Maybe you mistake good and bad revs?\n");
+		"Maybe you mistook %s and %s revs?\n"),
+		term_good, term_bad, term_good, term_bad);
 	exit(1);
 }
 
-static void handle_skipped_merge_base(const unsigned char *mb)
+static void handle_skipped_merge_base(const struct object_id *mb)
 {
-	char *mb_hex = sha1_to_hex(mb);
-	char *bad_hex = sha1_to_hex(current_bad_sha1);
+	char *mb_hex = oid_to_hex(mb);
+	char *bad_hex = oid_to_hex(current_bad_oid);
 	char *good_hex = join_sha1_array_hex(&good_revs, ' ');
 
-	warning("the merge base between %s and [%s] "
+	warning(_("the merge base between %s and [%s] "
 		"must be skipped.\n"
-		"So we cannot be sure the first bad commit is "
+		"So we cannot be sure the first %s commit is "
 		"between %s and %s.\n"
-		"We continue anyway.",
-		bad_hex, good_hex, mb_hex, bad_hex);
+		"We continue anyway."),
+		bad_hex, good_hex, term_bad, mb_hex, bad_hex);
 	free(good_hex);
 }
 
 /*
- * "check_merge_bases" checks that merge bases are not "bad".
+ * "check_merge_bases" checks that merge bases are not "bad" (or "new").
  *
- * - If one is "bad", it means the user assumed something wrong
+ * - If one is "bad" (or "new"), it means the user assumed something wrong
  * and we must exit with a non 0 error code.
- * - If one is "good", that's good, we have nothing to do.
+ * - If one is "good" (or "old"), that's good, we have nothing to do.
  * - If one is "skipped", we can't know but we should warn.
  * - If we don't know, we should check it out and ask the user to test.
  */
-static void check_merge_bases(int no_checkout)
+static void check_merge_bases(int rev_nr, struct commit **rev, int no_checkout)
 {
 	struct commit_list *result;
-	int rev_nr;
-	struct commit **rev = get_bad_and_good_commits(&rev_nr);
 
 	result = get_merge_bases_many(rev[0], rev_nr - 1, rev + 1);
 
 	for (; result; result = result->next) {
-		const unsigned char *mb = result->item->object.sha1;
-		if (!hashcmp(mb, current_bad_sha1)) {
+		const struct object_id *mb = &result->item->object.oid;
+		if (!oidcmp(mb, current_bad_oid)) {
 			handle_bad_merge_base();
-		} else if (0 <= sha1_array_lookup(&good_revs, mb)) {
+		} else if (0 <= oid_array_lookup(&good_revs, mb)) {
 			continue;
-		} else if (0 <= sha1_array_lookup(&skipped_revs, mb)) {
+		} else if (0 <= oid_array_lookup(&skipped_revs, mb)) {
 			handle_skipped_merge_base(mb);
 		} else {
-			printf("Bisecting: a merge base must be tested\n");
-			exit(bisect_checkout(sha1_to_hex(mb), no_checkout));
+			printf(_("Bisecting: a merge base must be tested\n"));
+			exit(bisect_checkout(mb, no_checkout));
 		}
 	}
 
-	free(rev);
 	free_commit_list(result);
 }
 
-static int check_ancestors(const char *prefix)
+static int check_ancestors(int rev_nr, struct commit **rev, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct rev_info revs;
-	struct object_array pending_copy;
 	int res;
 
 	bisect_rev_setup(&revs, prefix, "^%s", "%s", 0);
 
-	/* Save pending objects, so they can be cleaned up later. */
-	pending_copy = revs.pending;
-	revs.leak_pending = 1;
-
-	/*
-	 * bisect_common calls prepare_revision_walk right away, which
-	 * (together with .leak_pending = 1) makes us the sole owner of
-	 * the list of pending objects.
-	 */
 	bisect_common(&revs);
 	res = (revs.commits != NULL);
 
 	/* Clean up objects used, as they will be reused. */
-	clear_commit_marks_for_object_array(&pending_copy, ALL_REV_FLAGS);
-	free(pending_copy.objects);
+	clear_commit_marks_many(rev_nr, rev, ALL_REV_FLAGS);
 
 	return res;
 }
@@ -836,10 +850,11 @@ static void check_good_are_ancestors_of_bad(const char *prefix, int no_checkout)
 {
 	char *filename = git_pathdup("BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK");
 	struct stat st;
-	int fd;
+	int fd, rev_nr;
+	struct commit **rev;
 
-	if (!current_bad_sha1)
-		die("a bad revision is needed");
+	if (!current_bad_oid)
+		die(_("a %s revision is needed"), term_bad);
 
 	/* Check if file BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK exists. */
 	if (!stat(filename, &st) && S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
@@ -850,14 +865,16 @@ static void check_good_are_ancestors_of_bad(const char *prefix, int no_checkout)
 		goto done;
 
 	/* Check if all good revs are ancestor of the bad rev. */
-	if (check_ancestors(prefix))
-		check_merge_bases(no_checkout);
+	rev = get_bad_and_good_commits(&rev_nr);
+	if (check_ancestors(rev_nr, rev, prefix))
+		check_merge_bases(rev_nr, rev, no_checkout);
+	free(rev);
 
 	/* Create file BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK. */
 	fd = open(filename, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY, 0600);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		warning("could not create file '%s': %s",
-			filename, strerror(errno));
+		warning_errno(_("could not create file '%s'"),
+			      filename);
 	else
 		close(fd);
  done:
@@ -886,10 +903,40 @@ static void show_diff_tree(const char *prefix, struct commit *commit)
 	if (!opt.diffopt.output_format)
 		opt.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_RAW;
 
+	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &opt, NULL);
 	log_tree_commit(&opt, commit);
 }
 
 /*
+ * The terms used for this bisect session are stored in BISECT_TERMS.
+ * We read them and store them to adapt the messages accordingly.
+ * Default is bad/good.
+ */
+void read_bisect_terms(const char **read_bad, const char **read_good)
+{
+	struct strbuf str = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *filename = git_path_bisect_terms();
+	FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "r");
+
+	if (!fp) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT) {
+			*read_bad = "bad";
+			*read_good = "good";
+			return;
+		} else {
+			die_errno(_("could not read file '%s'"), filename);
+		}
+	} else {
+		strbuf_getline_lf(&str, fp);
+		*read_bad = strbuf_detach(&str, NULL);
+		strbuf_getline_lf(&str, fp);
+		*read_good = strbuf_detach(&str, NULL);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&str);
+	fclose(fp);
+}
+
+/*
  * We use the convention that exiting with an exit code 10 means that
  * the bisection process finished successfully.
  * In this case the calling shell script should exit 0.
@@ -902,11 +949,12 @@ int bisect_next_all(const char *prefix, int no_checkout)
 	struct rev_info revs;
 	struct commit_list *tried;
 	int reaches = 0, all = 0, nr, steps;
-	const unsigned char *bisect_rev;
-	char bisect_rev_hex[41];
+	struct object_id *bisect_rev;
+	char *steps_msg;
 
+	read_bisect_terms(&term_bad, &term_good);
 	if (read_bisect_refs())
-		die("reading bisect refs failed");
+		die(_("reading bisect refs failed"));
 
 	check_good_are_ancestors_of_bad(prefix, no_checkout);
 
@@ -915,8 +963,7 @@ int bisect_next_all(const char *prefix, int no_checkout)
 
 	bisect_common(&revs);
 
-	revs.commits = find_bisection(revs.commits, &reaches, &all,
-				       !!skipped_revs.nr);
+	find_bisection(&revs.commits, &reaches, &all, !!skipped_revs.nr);
 	revs.commits = managed_skipped(revs.commits, &tried);
 
 	if (!revs.commits) {
@@ -926,23 +973,25 @@ int bisect_next_all(const char *prefix, int no_checkout)
 		 */
 		exit_if_skipped_commits(tried, NULL);
 
-		printf("%s was both good and bad\n",
-		       sha1_to_hex(current_bad_sha1));
+		printf(_("%s was both %s and %s\n"),
+		       oid_to_hex(current_bad_oid),
+		       term_good,
+		       term_bad);
 		exit(1);
 	}
 
 	if (!all) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "No testable commit found.\n"
-			"Maybe you started with bad path parameters?\n");
+		fprintf(stderr, _("No testable commit found.\n"
+			"Maybe you started with bad path parameters?\n"));
 		exit(4);
 	}
 
-	bisect_rev = revs.commits->item->object.sha1;
-	memcpy(bisect_rev_hex, sha1_to_hex(bisect_rev), 41);
+	bisect_rev = &revs.commits->item->object.oid;
 
-	if (!hashcmp(bisect_rev, current_bad_sha1)) {
-		exit_if_skipped_commits(tried, current_bad_sha1);
-		printf("%s is the first bad commit\n", bisect_rev_hex);
+	if (!oidcmp(bisect_rev, current_bad_oid)) {
+		exit_if_skipped_commits(tried, current_bad_oid);
+		printf("%s is the first %s commit\n", oid_to_hex(bisect_rev),
+			term_bad);
 		show_diff_tree(prefix, revs.commits->item);
 		/* This means the bisection process succeeded. */
 		exit(10);
@@ -950,11 +999,19 @@ int bisect_next_all(const char *prefix, int no_checkout)
 
 	nr = all - reaches - 1;
 	steps = estimate_bisect_steps(all);
-	printf("Bisecting: %d revision%s left to test after this "
-	       "(roughly %d step%s)\n", nr, (nr == 1 ? "" : "s"),
-	       steps, (steps == 1 ? "" : "s"));
 
-	return bisect_checkout(bisect_rev_hex, no_checkout);
+	steps_msg = xstrfmt(Q_("(roughly %d step)", "(roughly %d steps)",
+		  steps), steps);
+	/*
+	 * TRANSLATORS: the last %s will be replaced with "(roughly %d
+	 * steps)" translation.
+	 */
+	printf(Q_("Bisecting: %d revision left to test after this %s\n",
+		  "Bisecting: %d revisions left to test after this %s\n",
+		  nr), nr, steps_msg);
+	free(steps_msg);
+
+	return bisect_checkout(bisect_rev, no_checkout);
 }
 
 static inline int log2i(int n)
@@ -995,3 +1052,40 @@ int estimate_bisect_steps(int all)
 
 	return (e < 3 * x) ? n : n - 1;
 }
+
+static int mark_for_removal(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+			    int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct string_list *refs = cb_data;
+	char *ref = xstrfmt("refs/bisect%s", refname);
+	string_list_append(refs, ref);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int bisect_clean_state(void)
+{
+	int result = 0;
+
+	/* There may be some refs packed during bisection */
+	struct string_list refs_for_removal = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	for_each_ref_in("refs/bisect", mark_for_removal, (void *) &refs_for_removal);
+	string_list_append(&refs_for_removal, xstrdup("BISECT_HEAD"));
+	result = delete_refs("bisect: remove", &refs_for_removal, REF_NO_DEREF);
+	refs_for_removal.strdup_strings = 1;
+	string_list_clear(&refs_for_removal, 0);
+	unlink_or_warn(git_path_bisect_expected_rev());
+	unlink_or_warn(git_path_bisect_ancestors_ok());
+	unlink_or_warn(git_path_bisect_log());
+	unlink_or_warn(git_path_bisect_names());
+	unlink_or_warn(git_path_bisect_run());
+	unlink_or_warn(git_path_bisect_terms());
+	/* Cleanup head-name if it got left by an old version of git-bisect */
+	unlink_or_warn(git_path_head_name());
+	/*
+	 * Cleanup BISECT_START last to support the --no-checkout option
+	 * introduced in the commit 4796e823a.
+	 */
+	unlink_or_warn(git_path_bisect_start());
+
+	return result;
+}
diff --git a/bisect.h b/bisect.h
index 2a6c831f3e..34df209351 100644
--- a/bisect.h
+++ b/bisect.h
@@ -1,9 +1,17 @@
 #ifndef BISECT_H
 #define BISECT_H
 
-extern struct commit_list *find_bisection(struct commit_list *list,
-					  int *reaches, int *all,
-					  int find_all);
+struct commit_list;
+
+/*
+ * Find bisection. If something is found, `reaches` will be the number of
+ * commits that the best commit reaches. `all` will be the count of
+ * non-SAMETREE commits. If nothing is found, `list` will be NULL.
+ * Otherwise, it will be either all non-SAMETREE commits or the single
+ * best commit, as chosen by `find_all`.
+ */
+extern void find_bisection(struct commit_list **list, int *reaches, int *all,
+			   int find_all);
 
 extern struct commit_list *filter_skipped(struct commit_list *list,
 					  struct commit_list **tried,
@@ -26,4 +34,8 @@ extern int bisect_next_all(const char *prefix, int no_checkout);
 
 extern int estimate_bisect_steps(int all);
 
+extern void read_bisect_terms(const char **bad, const char **good);
+
+extern int bisect_clean_state(void);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/blame.c b/blame.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aca06f4b12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blame.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1895 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "cache-tree.h"
+#include "mergesort.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "diffcore.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "blame.h"
+#include "alloc.h"
+#include "commit-slab.h"
+
+define_commit_slab(blame_suspects, struct blame_origin *);
+static struct blame_suspects blame_suspects;
+
+struct blame_origin *get_blame_suspects(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct blame_origin **result;
+
+	result = blame_suspects_peek(&blame_suspects, commit);
+
+	return result ? *result : NULL;
+}
+
+static void set_blame_suspects(struct commit *commit, struct blame_origin *origin)
+{
+	*blame_suspects_at(&blame_suspects, commit) = origin;
+}
+
+void blame_origin_decref(struct blame_origin *o)
+{
+	if (o && --o->refcnt <= 0) {
+		struct blame_origin *p, *l = NULL;
+		if (o->previous)
+			blame_origin_decref(o->previous);
+		free(o->file.ptr);
+		/* Should be present exactly once in commit chain */
+		for (p = get_blame_suspects(o->commit); p; l = p, p = p->next) {
+			if (p == o) {
+				if (l)
+					l->next = p->next;
+				else
+					set_blame_suspects(o->commit, p->next);
+				free(o);
+				return;
+			}
+		}
+		die("internal error in blame_origin_decref");
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Given a commit and a path in it, create a new origin structure.
+ * The callers that add blame to the scoreboard should use
+ * get_origin() to obtain shared, refcounted copy instead of calling
+ * this function directly.
+ */
+static struct blame_origin *make_origin(struct commit *commit, const char *path)
+{
+	struct blame_origin *o;
+	FLEX_ALLOC_STR(o, path, path);
+	o->commit = commit;
+	o->refcnt = 1;
+	o->next = get_blame_suspects(commit);
+	set_blame_suspects(commit, o);
+	return o;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Locate an existing origin or create a new one.
+ * This moves the origin to front position in the commit util list.
+ */
+static struct blame_origin *get_origin(struct commit *commit, const char *path)
+{
+	struct blame_origin *o, *l;
+
+	for (o = get_blame_suspects(commit), l = NULL; o; l = o, o = o->next) {
+		if (!strcmp(o->path, path)) {
+			/* bump to front */
+			if (l) {
+				l->next = o->next;
+				o->next = get_blame_suspects(commit);
+				set_blame_suspects(commit, o);
+			}
+			return blame_origin_incref(o);
+		}
+	}
+	return make_origin(commit, path);
+}
+
+
+
+static void verify_working_tree_path(struct repository *repo,
+				     struct commit *work_tree, const char *path)
+{
+	struct commit_list *parents;
+	int pos;
+
+	for (parents = work_tree->parents; parents; parents = parents->next) {
+		const struct object_id *commit_oid = &parents->item->object.oid;
+		struct object_id blob_oid;
+		unsigned mode;
+
+		if (!get_tree_entry(commit_oid, path, &blob_oid, &mode) &&
+		    oid_object_info(repo, &blob_oid, NULL) == OBJ_BLOB)
+			return;
+	}
+
+	pos = index_name_pos(repo->index, path, strlen(path));
+	if (pos >= 0)
+		; /* path is in the index */
+	else if (-1 - pos < repo->index->cache_nr &&
+		 !strcmp(repo->index->cache[-1 - pos]->name, path))
+		; /* path is in the index, unmerged */
+	else
+		die("no such path '%s' in HEAD", path);
+}
+
+static struct commit_list **append_parent(struct commit_list **tail, const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	struct commit *parent;
+
+	parent = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, oid);
+	if (!parent)
+		die("no such commit %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
+	return &commit_list_insert(parent, tail)->next;
+}
+
+static void append_merge_parents(struct commit_list **tail)
+{
+	int merge_head;
+	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	merge_head = open(git_path_merge_head(the_repository), O_RDONLY);
+	if (merge_head < 0) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT)
+			return;
+		die("cannot open '%s' for reading",
+		    git_path_merge_head(the_repository));
+	}
+
+	while (!strbuf_getwholeline_fd(&line, merge_head, '\n')) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		if (line.len < GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ || get_oid_hex(line.buf, &oid))
+			die("unknown line in '%s': %s",
+			    git_path_merge_head(the_repository), line.buf);
+		tail = append_parent(tail, &oid);
+	}
+	close(merge_head);
+	strbuf_release(&line);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This isn't as simple as passing sb->buf and sb->len, because we
+ * want to transfer ownership of the buffer to the commit (so we
+ * must use detach).
+ */
+static void set_commit_buffer_from_strbuf(struct commit *c, struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	size_t len;
+	void *buf = strbuf_detach(sb, &len);
+	set_commit_buffer(the_repository, c, buf, len);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Prepare a dummy commit that represents the work tree (or staged) item.
+ * Note that annotating work tree item never works in the reverse.
+ */
+static struct commit *fake_working_tree_commit(struct repository *repo,
+					       struct diff_options *opt,
+					       const char *path,
+					       const char *contents_from)
+{
+	struct commit *commit;
+	struct blame_origin *origin;
+	struct commit_list **parent_tail, *parent;
+	struct object_id head_oid;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *ident;
+	time_t now;
+	int len;
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+	unsigned mode;
+	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	read_index(repo->index);
+	time(&now);
+	commit = alloc_commit_node(the_repository);
+	commit->object.parsed = 1;
+	commit->date = now;
+	parent_tail = &commit->parents;
+
+	if (!resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING, &head_oid, NULL))
+		die("no such ref: HEAD");
+
+	parent_tail = append_parent(parent_tail, &head_oid);
+	append_merge_parents(parent_tail);
+	verify_working_tree_path(repo, commit, path);
+
+	origin = make_origin(commit, path);
+
+	ident = fmt_ident("Not Committed Yet", "not.committed.yet", NULL, 0);
+	strbuf_addstr(&msg, "tree 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000\n");
+	for (parent = commit->parents; parent; parent = parent->next)
+		strbuf_addf(&msg, "parent %s\n",
+			    oid_to_hex(&parent->item->object.oid));
+	strbuf_addf(&msg,
+		    "author %s\n"
+		    "committer %s\n\n"
+		    "Version of %s from %s\n",
+		    ident, ident, path,
+		    (!contents_from ? path :
+		     (!strcmp(contents_from, "-") ? "standard input" : contents_from)));
+	set_commit_buffer_from_strbuf(commit, &msg);
+
+	if (!contents_from || strcmp("-", contents_from)) {
+		struct stat st;
+		const char *read_from;
+		char *buf_ptr;
+		unsigned long buf_len;
+
+		if (contents_from) {
+			if (stat(contents_from, &st) < 0)
+				die_errno("Cannot stat '%s'", contents_from);
+			read_from = contents_from;
+		}
+		else {
+			if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
+				die_errno("Cannot lstat '%s'", path);
+			read_from = path;
+		}
+		mode = canon_mode(st.st_mode);
+
+		switch (st.st_mode & S_IFMT) {
+		case S_IFREG:
+			if (opt->flags.allow_textconv &&
+			    textconv_object(read_from, mode, &null_oid, 0, &buf_ptr, &buf_len))
+				strbuf_attach(&buf, buf_ptr, buf_len, buf_len + 1);
+			else if (strbuf_read_file(&buf, read_from, st.st_size) != st.st_size)
+				die_errno("cannot open or read '%s'", read_from);
+			break;
+		case S_IFLNK:
+			if (strbuf_readlink(&buf, read_from, st.st_size) < 0)
+				die_errno("cannot readlink '%s'", read_from);
+			break;
+		default:
+			die("unsupported file type %s", read_from);
+		}
+	}
+	else {
+		/* Reading from stdin */
+		mode = 0;
+		if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 0) < 0)
+			die_errno("failed to read from stdin");
+	}
+	convert_to_git(repo->index, path, buf.buf, buf.len, &buf, 0);
+	origin->file.ptr = buf.buf;
+	origin->file.size = buf.len;
+	pretend_object_file(buf.buf, buf.len, OBJ_BLOB, &origin->blob_oid);
+
+	/*
+	 * Read the current index, replace the path entry with
+	 * origin->blob_sha1 without mucking with its mode or type
+	 * bits; we are not going to write this index out -- we just
+	 * want to run "diff-index --cached".
+	 */
+	discard_index(repo->index);
+	read_index(repo->index);
+
+	len = strlen(path);
+	if (!mode) {
+		int pos = index_name_pos(repo->index, path, len);
+		if (0 <= pos)
+			mode = repo->index->cache[pos]->ce_mode;
+		else
+			/* Let's not bother reading from HEAD tree */
+			mode = S_IFREG | 0644;
+	}
+	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(repo->index, len);
+	oidcpy(&ce->oid, &origin->blob_oid);
+	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);
+	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(0);
+	ce->ce_namelen = len;
+	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
+	add_index_entry(repo->index, ce,
+			ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD | ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
+
+	cache_tree_invalidate_path(repo->index, path);
+
+	return commit;
+}
+
+
+
+static int diff_hunks(mmfile_t *file_a, mmfile_t *file_b,
+		      xdl_emit_hunk_consume_func_t hunk_func, void *cb_data, int xdl_opts)
+{
+	xpparam_t xpp = {0};
+	xdemitconf_t xecfg = {0};
+	xdemitcb_t ecb = {NULL};
+
+	xpp.flags = xdl_opts;
+	xecfg.hunk_func = hunk_func;
+	ecb.priv = cb_data;
+	return xdi_diff(file_a, file_b, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Given an origin, prepare mmfile_t structure to be used by the
+ * diff machinery
+ */
+static void fill_origin_blob(struct diff_options *opt,
+			     struct blame_origin *o, mmfile_t *file, int *num_read_blob)
+{
+	if (!o->file.ptr) {
+		enum object_type type;
+		unsigned long file_size;
+
+		(*num_read_blob)++;
+		if (opt->flags.allow_textconv &&
+		    textconv_object(o->path, o->mode, &o->blob_oid, 1, &file->ptr, &file_size))
+			;
+		else
+			file->ptr = read_object_file(&o->blob_oid, &type,
+						     &file_size);
+		file->size = file_size;
+
+		if (!file->ptr)
+			die("Cannot read blob %s for path %s",
+			    oid_to_hex(&o->blob_oid),
+			    o->path);
+		o->file = *file;
+	}
+	else
+		*file = o->file;
+}
+
+static void drop_origin_blob(struct blame_origin *o)
+{
+	FREE_AND_NULL(o->file.ptr);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Any merge of blames happens on lists of blames that arrived via
+ * different parents in a single suspect.  In this case, we want to
+ * sort according to the suspect line numbers as opposed to the final
+ * image line numbers.  The function body is somewhat longish because
+ * it avoids unnecessary writes.
+ */
+
+static struct blame_entry *blame_merge(struct blame_entry *list1,
+				       struct blame_entry *list2)
+{
+	struct blame_entry *p1 = list1, *p2 = list2,
+		**tail = &list1;
+
+	if (!p1)
+		return p2;
+	if (!p2)
+		return p1;
+
+	if (p1->s_lno <= p2->s_lno) {
+		do {
+			tail = &p1->next;
+			if ((p1 = *tail) == NULL) {
+				*tail = p2;
+				return list1;
+			}
+		} while (p1->s_lno <= p2->s_lno);
+	}
+	for (;;) {
+		*tail = p2;
+		do {
+			tail = &p2->next;
+			if ((p2 = *tail) == NULL)  {
+				*tail = p1;
+				return list1;
+			}
+		} while (p1->s_lno > p2->s_lno);
+		*tail = p1;
+		do {
+			tail = &p1->next;
+			if ((p1 = *tail) == NULL) {
+				*tail = p2;
+				return list1;
+			}
+		} while (p1->s_lno <= p2->s_lno);
+	}
+}
+
+static void *get_next_blame(const void *p)
+{
+	return ((struct blame_entry *)p)->next;
+}
+
+static void set_next_blame(void *p1, void *p2)
+{
+	((struct blame_entry *)p1)->next = p2;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Final image line numbers are all different, so we don't need a
+ * three-way comparison here.
+ */
+
+static int compare_blame_final(const void *p1, const void *p2)
+{
+	return ((struct blame_entry *)p1)->lno > ((struct blame_entry *)p2)->lno
+		? 1 : -1;
+}
+
+static int compare_blame_suspect(const void *p1, const void *p2)
+{
+	const struct blame_entry *s1 = p1, *s2 = p2;
+	/*
+	 * to allow for collating suspects, we sort according to the
+	 * respective pointer value as the primary sorting criterion.
+	 * The actual relation is pretty unimportant as long as it
+	 * establishes a total order.  Comparing as integers gives us
+	 * that.
+	 */
+	if (s1->suspect != s2->suspect)
+		return (intptr_t)s1->suspect > (intptr_t)s2->suspect ? 1 : -1;
+	if (s1->s_lno == s2->s_lno)
+		return 0;
+	return s1->s_lno > s2->s_lno ? 1 : -1;
+}
+
+void blame_sort_final(struct blame_scoreboard *sb)
+{
+	sb->ent = llist_mergesort(sb->ent, get_next_blame, set_next_blame,
+				  compare_blame_final);
+}
+
+static int compare_commits_by_reverse_commit_date(const void *a,
+						  const void *b,
+						  void *c)
+{
+	return -compare_commits_by_commit_date(a, b, c);
+}
+
+/*
+ * For debugging -- origin is refcounted, and this asserts that
+ * we do not underflow.
+ */
+static void sanity_check_refcnt(struct blame_scoreboard *sb)
+{
+	int baa = 0;
+	struct blame_entry *ent;
+
+	for (ent = sb->ent; ent; ent = ent->next) {
+		/* Nobody should have zero or negative refcnt */
+		if (ent->suspect->refcnt <= 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s in %s has negative refcnt %d\n",
+				ent->suspect->path,
+				oid_to_hex(&ent->suspect->commit->object.oid),
+				ent->suspect->refcnt);
+			baa = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	if (baa)
+		sb->on_sanity_fail(sb, baa);
+}
+
+/*
+ * If two blame entries that are next to each other came from
+ * contiguous lines in the same origin (i.e. <commit, path> pair),
+ * merge them together.
+ */
+void blame_coalesce(struct blame_scoreboard *sb)
+{
+	struct blame_entry *ent, *next;
+
+	for (ent = sb->ent; ent && (next = ent->next); ent = next) {
+		if (ent->suspect == next->suspect &&
+		    ent->s_lno + ent->num_lines == next->s_lno) {
+			ent->num_lines += next->num_lines;
+			ent->next = next->next;
+			blame_origin_decref(next->suspect);
+			free(next);
+			ent->score = 0;
+			next = ent; /* again */
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (sb->debug) /* sanity */
+		sanity_check_refcnt(sb);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Merge the given sorted list of blames into a preexisting origin.
+ * If there were no previous blames to that commit, it is entered into
+ * the commit priority queue of the score board.
+ */
+
+static void queue_blames(struct blame_scoreboard *sb, struct blame_origin *porigin,
+			 struct blame_entry *sorted)
+{
+	if (porigin->suspects)
+		porigin->suspects = blame_merge(porigin->suspects, sorted);
+	else {
+		struct blame_origin *o;
+		for (o = get_blame_suspects(porigin->commit); o; o = o->next) {
+			if (o->suspects) {
+				porigin->suspects = sorted;
+				return;
+			}
+		}
+		porigin->suspects = sorted;
+		prio_queue_put(&sb->commits, porigin->commit);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Fill the blob_sha1 field of an origin if it hasn't, so that later
+ * call to fill_origin_blob() can use it to locate the data.  blob_sha1
+ * for an origin is also used to pass the blame for the entire file to
+ * the parent to detect the case where a child's blob is identical to
+ * that of its parent's.
+ *
+ * This also fills origin->mode for corresponding tree path.
+ */
+static int fill_blob_sha1_and_mode(struct repository *repo,
+				   struct blame_origin *origin)
+{
+	if (!is_null_oid(&origin->blob_oid))
+		return 0;
+	if (get_tree_entry(&origin->commit->object.oid, origin->path, &origin->blob_oid, &origin->mode))
+		goto error_out;
+	if (oid_object_info(repo, &origin->blob_oid, NULL) != OBJ_BLOB)
+		goto error_out;
+	return 0;
+ error_out:
+	oidclr(&origin->blob_oid);
+	origin->mode = S_IFINVALID;
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We have an origin -- check if the same path exists in the
+ * parent and return an origin structure to represent it.
+ */
+static struct blame_origin *find_origin(struct commit *parent,
+				  struct blame_origin *origin)
+{
+	struct blame_origin *porigin;
+	struct diff_options diff_opts;
+	const char *paths[2];
+
+	/* First check any existing origins */
+	for (porigin = get_blame_suspects(parent); porigin; porigin = porigin->next)
+		if (!strcmp(porigin->path, origin->path)) {
+			/*
+			 * The same path between origin and its parent
+			 * without renaming -- the most common case.
+			 */
+			return blame_origin_incref (porigin);
+		}
+
+	/* See if the origin->path is different between parent
+	 * and origin first.  Most of the time they are the
+	 * same and diff-tree is fairly efficient about this.
+	 */
+	diff_setup(&diff_opts);
+	diff_opts.flags.recursive = 1;
+	diff_opts.detect_rename = 0;
+	diff_opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
+	paths[0] = origin->path;
+	paths[1] = NULL;
+
+	parse_pathspec(&diff_opts.pathspec,
+		       PATHSPEC_ALL_MAGIC & ~PATHSPEC_LITERAL,
+		       PATHSPEC_LITERAL_PATH, "", paths);
+	diff_setup_done(&diff_opts);
+
+	if (is_null_oid(&origin->commit->object.oid))
+		do_diff_cache(get_commit_tree_oid(parent), &diff_opts);
+	else
+		diff_tree_oid(get_commit_tree_oid(parent),
+			      get_commit_tree_oid(origin->commit),
+			      "", &diff_opts);
+	diffcore_std(&diff_opts);
+
+	if (!diff_queued_diff.nr) {
+		/* The path is the same as parent */
+		porigin = get_origin(parent, origin->path);
+		oidcpy(&porigin->blob_oid, &origin->blob_oid);
+		porigin->mode = origin->mode;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Since origin->path is a pathspec, if the parent
+		 * commit had it as a directory, we will see a whole
+		 * bunch of deletion of files in the directory that we
+		 * do not care about.
+		 */
+		int i;
+		struct diff_filepair *p = NULL;
+		for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++) {
+			const char *name;
+			p = diff_queued_diff.queue[i];
+			name = p->one->path ? p->one->path : p->two->path;
+			if (!strcmp(name, origin->path))
+				break;
+		}
+		if (!p)
+			die("internal error in blame::find_origin");
+		switch (p->status) {
+		default:
+			die("internal error in blame::find_origin (%c)",
+			    p->status);
+		case 'M':
+			porigin = get_origin(parent, origin->path);
+			oidcpy(&porigin->blob_oid, &p->one->oid);
+			porigin->mode = p->one->mode;
+			break;
+		case 'A':
+		case 'T':
+			/* Did not exist in parent, or type changed */
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	diff_flush(&diff_opts);
+	clear_pathspec(&diff_opts.pathspec);
+	return porigin;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We have an origin -- find the path that corresponds to it in its
+ * parent and return an origin structure to represent it.
+ */
+static struct blame_origin *find_rename(struct commit *parent,
+				  struct blame_origin *origin)
+{
+	struct blame_origin *porigin = NULL;
+	struct diff_options diff_opts;
+	int i;
+
+	diff_setup(&diff_opts);
+	diff_opts.flags.recursive = 1;
+	diff_opts.detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
+	diff_opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
+	diff_opts.single_follow = origin->path;
+	diff_setup_done(&diff_opts);
+
+	if (is_null_oid(&origin->commit->object.oid))
+		do_diff_cache(get_commit_tree_oid(parent), &diff_opts);
+	else
+		diff_tree_oid(get_commit_tree_oid(parent),
+			      get_commit_tree_oid(origin->commit),
+			      "", &diff_opts);
+	diffcore_std(&diff_opts);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++) {
+		struct diff_filepair *p = diff_queued_diff.queue[i];
+		if ((p->status == 'R' || p->status == 'C') &&
+		    !strcmp(p->two->path, origin->path)) {
+			porigin = get_origin(parent, p->one->path);
+			oidcpy(&porigin->blob_oid, &p->one->oid);
+			porigin->mode = p->one->mode;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	diff_flush(&diff_opts);
+	clear_pathspec(&diff_opts.pathspec);
+	return porigin;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Append a new blame entry to a given output queue.
+ */
+static void add_blame_entry(struct blame_entry ***queue,
+			    const struct blame_entry *src)
+{
+	struct blame_entry *e = xmalloc(sizeof(*e));
+	memcpy(e, src, sizeof(*e));
+	blame_origin_incref(e->suspect);
+
+	e->next = **queue;
+	**queue = e;
+	*queue = &e->next;
+}
+
+/*
+ * src typically is on-stack; we want to copy the information in it to
+ * a malloced blame_entry that gets added to the given queue.  The
+ * origin of dst loses a refcnt.
+ */
+static void dup_entry(struct blame_entry ***queue,
+		      struct blame_entry *dst, struct blame_entry *src)
+{
+	blame_origin_incref(src->suspect);
+	blame_origin_decref(dst->suspect);
+	memcpy(dst, src, sizeof(*src));
+	dst->next = **queue;
+	**queue = dst;
+	*queue = &dst->next;
+}
+
+const char *blame_nth_line(struct blame_scoreboard *sb, long lno)
+{
+	return sb->final_buf + sb->lineno[lno];
+}
+
+/*
+ * It is known that lines between tlno to same came from parent, and e
+ * has an overlap with that range.  it also is known that parent's
+ * line plno corresponds to e's line tlno.
+ *
+ *                <---- e ----->
+ *                   <------>
+ *                   <------------>
+ *             <------------>
+ *             <------------------>
+ *
+ * Split e into potentially three parts; before this chunk, the chunk
+ * to be blamed for the parent, and after that portion.
+ */
+static void split_overlap(struct blame_entry *split,
+			  struct blame_entry *e,
+			  int tlno, int plno, int same,
+			  struct blame_origin *parent)
+{
+	int chunk_end_lno;
+	memset(split, 0, sizeof(struct blame_entry [3]));
+
+	if (e->s_lno < tlno) {
+		/* there is a pre-chunk part not blamed on parent */
+		split[0].suspect = blame_origin_incref(e->suspect);
+		split[0].lno = e->lno;
+		split[0].s_lno = e->s_lno;
+		split[0].num_lines = tlno - e->s_lno;
+		split[1].lno = e->lno + tlno - e->s_lno;
+		split[1].s_lno = plno;
+	}
+	else {
+		split[1].lno = e->lno;
+		split[1].s_lno = plno + (e->s_lno - tlno);
+	}
+
+	if (same < e->s_lno + e->num_lines) {
+		/* there is a post-chunk part not blamed on parent */
+		split[2].suspect = blame_origin_incref(e->suspect);
+		split[2].lno = e->lno + (same - e->s_lno);
+		split[2].s_lno = e->s_lno + (same - e->s_lno);
+		split[2].num_lines = e->s_lno + e->num_lines - same;
+		chunk_end_lno = split[2].lno;
+	}
+	else
+		chunk_end_lno = e->lno + e->num_lines;
+	split[1].num_lines = chunk_end_lno - split[1].lno;
+
+	/*
+	 * if it turns out there is nothing to blame the parent for,
+	 * forget about the splitting.  !split[1].suspect signals this.
+	 */
+	if (split[1].num_lines < 1)
+		return;
+	split[1].suspect = blame_origin_incref(parent);
+}
+
+/*
+ * split_overlap() divided an existing blame e into up to three parts
+ * in split.  Any assigned blame is moved to queue to
+ * reflect the split.
+ */
+static void split_blame(struct blame_entry ***blamed,
+			struct blame_entry ***unblamed,
+			struct blame_entry *split,
+			struct blame_entry *e)
+{
+	if (split[0].suspect && split[2].suspect) {
+		/* The first part (reuse storage for the existing entry e) */
+		dup_entry(unblamed, e, &split[0]);
+
+		/* The last part -- me */
+		add_blame_entry(unblamed, &split[2]);
+
+		/* ... and the middle part -- parent */
+		add_blame_entry(blamed, &split[1]);
+	}
+	else if (!split[0].suspect && !split[2].suspect)
+		/*
+		 * The parent covers the entire area; reuse storage for
+		 * e and replace it with the parent.
+		 */
+		dup_entry(blamed, e, &split[1]);
+	else if (split[0].suspect) {
+		/* me and then parent */
+		dup_entry(unblamed, e, &split[0]);
+		add_blame_entry(blamed, &split[1]);
+	}
+	else {
+		/* parent and then me */
+		dup_entry(blamed, e, &split[1]);
+		add_blame_entry(unblamed, &split[2]);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * After splitting the blame, the origins used by the
+ * on-stack blame_entry should lose one refcnt each.
+ */
+static void decref_split(struct blame_entry *split)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
+		blame_origin_decref(split[i].suspect);
+}
+
+/*
+ * reverse_blame reverses the list given in head, appending tail.
+ * That allows us to build lists in reverse order, then reverse them
+ * afterwards.  This can be faster than building the list in proper
+ * order right away.  The reason is that building in proper order
+ * requires writing a link in the _previous_ element, while building
+ * in reverse order just requires placing the list head into the
+ * _current_ element.
+ */
+
+static struct blame_entry *reverse_blame(struct blame_entry *head,
+					 struct blame_entry *tail)
+{
+	while (head) {
+		struct blame_entry *next = head->next;
+		head->next = tail;
+		tail = head;
+		head = next;
+	}
+	return tail;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Process one hunk from the patch between the current suspect for
+ * blame_entry e and its parent.  This first blames any unfinished
+ * entries before the chunk (which is where target and parent start
+ * differing) on the parent, and then splits blame entries at the
+ * start and at the end of the difference region.  Since use of -M and
+ * -C options may lead to overlapping/duplicate source line number
+ * ranges, all we can rely on from sorting/merging is the order of the
+ * first suspect line number.
+ */
+static void blame_chunk(struct blame_entry ***dstq, struct blame_entry ***srcq,
+			int tlno, int offset, int same,
+			struct blame_origin *parent)
+{
+	struct blame_entry *e = **srcq;
+	struct blame_entry *samep = NULL, *diffp = NULL;
+
+	while (e && e->s_lno < tlno) {
+		struct blame_entry *next = e->next;
+		/*
+		 * current record starts before differing portion.  If
+		 * it reaches into it, we need to split it up and
+		 * examine the second part separately.
+		 */
+		if (e->s_lno + e->num_lines > tlno) {
+			/* Move second half to a new record */
+			int len = tlno - e->s_lno;
+			struct blame_entry *n = xcalloc(1, sizeof (struct blame_entry));
+			n->suspect = e->suspect;
+			n->lno = e->lno + len;
+			n->s_lno = e->s_lno + len;
+			n->num_lines = e->num_lines - len;
+			e->num_lines = len;
+			e->score = 0;
+			/* Push new record to diffp */
+			n->next = diffp;
+			diffp = n;
+		} else
+			blame_origin_decref(e->suspect);
+		/* Pass blame for everything before the differing
+		 * chunk to the parent */
+		e->suspect = blame_origin_incref(parent);
+		e->s_lno += offset;
+		e->next = samep;
+		samep = e;
+		e = next;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * As we don't know how much of a common stretch after this
+	 * diff will occur, the currently blamed parts are all that we
+	 * can assign to the parent for now.
+	 */
+
+	if (samep) {
+		**dstq = reverse_blame(samep, **dstq);
+		*dstq = &samep->next;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Prepend the split off portions: everything after e starts
+	 * after the blameable portion.
+	 */
+	e = reverse_blame(diffp, e);
+
+	/*
+	 * Now retain records on the target while parts are different
+	 * from the parent.
+	 */
+	samep = NULL;
+	diffp = NULL;
+	while (e && e->s_lno < same) {
+		struct blame_entry *next = e->next;
+
+		/*
+		 * If current record extends into sameness, need to split.
+		 */
+		if (e->s_lno + e->num_lines > same) {
+			/*
+			 * Move second half to a new record to be
+			 * processed by later chunks
+			 */
+			int len = same - e->s_lno;
+			struct blame_entry *n = xcalloc(1, sizeof (struct blame_entry));
+			n->suspect = blame_origin_incref(e->suspect);
+			n->lno = e->lno + len;
+			n->s_lno = e->s_lno + len;
+			n->num_lines = e->num_lines - len;
+			e->num_lines = len;
+			e->score = 0;
+			/* Push new record to samep */
+			n->next = samep;
+			samep = n;
+		}
+		e->next = diffp;
+		diffp = e;
+		e = next;
+	}
+	**srcq = reverse_blame(diffp, reverse_blame(samep, e));
+	/* Move across elements that are in the unblamable portion */
+	if (diffp)
+		*srcq = &diffp->next;
+}
+
+struct blame_chunk_cb_data {
+	struct blame_origin *parent;
+	long offset;
+	struct blame_entry **dstq;
+	struct blame_entry **srcq;
+};
+
+/* diff chunks are from parent to target */
+static int blame_chunk_cb(long start_a, long count_a,
+			  long start_b, long count_b, void *data)
+{
+	struct blame_chunk_cb_data *d = data;
+	if (start_a - start_b != d->offset)
+		die("internal error in blame::blame_chunk_cb");
+	blame_chunk(&d->dstq, &d->srcq, start_b, start_a - start_b,
+		    start_b + count_b, d->parent);
+	d->offset = start_a + count_a - (start_b + count_b);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We are looking at the origin 'target' and aiming to pass blame
+ * for the lines it is suspected to its parent.  Run diff to find
+ * which lines came from parent and pass blame for them.
+ */
+static void pass_blame_to_parent(struct blame_scoreboard *sb,
+				 struct blame_origin *target,
+				 struct blame_origin *parent)
+{
+	mmfile_t file_p, file_o;
+	struct blame_chunk_cb_data d;
+	struct blame_entry *newdest = NULL;
+
+	if (!target->suspects)
+		return; /* nothing remains for this target */
+
+	d.parent = parent;
+	d.offset = 0;
+	d.dstq = &newdest; d.srcq = &target->suspects;
+
+	fill_origin_blob(&sb->revs->diffopt, parent, &file_p, &sb->num_read_blob);
+	fill_origin_blob(&sb->revs->diffopt, target, &file_o, &sb->num_read_blob);
+	sb->num_get_patch++;
+
+	if (diff_hunks(&file_p, &file_o, blame_chunk_cb, &d, sb->xdl_opts))
+		die("unable to generate diff (%s -> %s)",
+		    oid_to_hex(&parent->commit->object.oid),
+		    oid_to_hex(&target->commit->object.oid));
+	/* The rest are the same as the parent */
+	blame_chunk(&d.dstq, &d.srcq, INT_MAX, d.offset, INT_MAX, parent);
+	*d.dstq = NULL;
+	queue_blames(sb, parent, newdest);
+
+	return;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The lines in blame_entry after splitting blames many times can become
+ * very small and trivial, and at some point it becomes pointless to
+ * blame the parents.  E.g. "\t\t}\n\t}\n\n" appears everywhere in any
+ * ordinary C program, and it is not worth to say it was copied from
+ * totally unrelated file in the parent.
+ *
+ * Compute how trivial the lines in the blame_entry are.
+ */
+unsigned blame_entry_score(struct blame_scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *e)
+{
+	unsigned score;
+	const char *cp, *ep;
+
+	if (e->score)
+		return e->score;
+
+	score = 1;
+	cp = blame_nth_line(sb, e->lno);
+	ep = blame_nth_line(sb, e->lno + e->num_lines);
+	while (cp < ep) {
+		unsigned ch = *((unsigned char *)cp);
+		if (isalnum(ch))
+			score++;
+		cp++;
+	}
+	e->score = score;
+	return score;
+}
+
+/*
+ * best_so_far[] and potential[] are both a split of an existing blame_entry
+ * that passes blame to the parent.  Maintain best_so_far the best split so
+ * far, by comparing potential and best_so_far and copying potential into
+ * bst_so_far as needed.
+ */
+static void copy_split_if_better(struct blame_scoreboard *sb,
+				 struct blame_entry *best_so_far,
+				 struct blame_entry *potential)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!potential[1].suspect)
+		return;
+	if (best_so_far[1].suspect) {
+		if (blame_entry_score(sb, &potential[1]) <
+		    blame_entry_score(sb, &best_so_far[1]))
+			return;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
+		blame_origin_incref(potential[i].suspect);
+	decref_split(best_so_far);
+	memcpy(best_so_far, potential, sizeof(struct blame_entry[3]));
+}
+
+/*
+ * We are looking at a part of the final image represented by
+ * ent (tlno and same are offset by ent->s_lno).
+ * tlno is where we are looking at in the final image.
+ * up to (but not including) same match preimage.
+ * plno is where we are looking at in the preimage.
+ *
+ * <-------------- final image ---------------------->
+ *       <------ent------>
+ *         ^tlno ^same
+ *    <---------preimage----->
+ *         ^plno
+ *
+ * All line numbers are 0-based.
+ */
+static void handle_split(struct blame_scoreboard *sb,
+			 struct blame_entry *ent,
+			 int tlno, int plno, int same,
+			 struct blame_origin *parent,
+			 struct blame_entry *split)
+{
+	if (ent->num_lines <= tlno)
+		return;
+	if (tlno < same) {
+		struct blame_entry potential[3];
+		tlno += ent->s_lno;
+		same += ent->s_lno;
+		split_overlap(potential, ent, tlno, plno, same, parent);
+		copy_split_if_better(sb, split, potential);
+		decref_split(potential);
+	}
+}
+
+struct handle_split_cb_data {
+	struct blame_scoreboard *sb;
+	struct blame_entry *ent;
+	struct blame_origin *parent;
+	struct blame_entry *split;
+	long plno;
+	long tlno;
+};
+
+static int handle_split_cb(long start_a, long count_a,
+			   long start_b, long count_b, void *data)
+{
+	struct handle_split_cb_data *d = data;
+	handle_split(d->sb, d->ent, d->tlno, d->plno, start_b, d->parent,
+		     d->split);
+	d->plno = start_a + count_a;
+	d->tlno = start_b + count_b;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find the lines from parent that are the same as ent so that
+ * we can pass blames to it.  file_p has the blob contents for
+ * the parent.
+ */
+static void find_copy_in_blob(struct blame_scoreboard *sb,
+			      struct blame_entry *ent,
+			      struct blame_origin *parent,
+			      struct blame_entry *split,
+			      mmfile_t *file_p)
+{
+	const char *cp;
+	mmfile_t file_o;
+	struct handle_split_cb_data d;
+
+	memset(&d, 0, sizeof(d));
+	d.sb = sb; d.ent = ent; d.parent = parent; d.split = split;
+	/*
+	 * Prepare mmfile that contains only the lines in ent.
+	 */
+	cp = blame_nth_line(sb, ent->lno);
+	file_o.ptr = (char *) cp;
+	file_o.size = blame_nth_line(sb, ent->lno + ent->num_lines) - cp;
+
+	/*
+	 * file_o is a part of final image we are annotating.
+	 * file_p partially may match that image.
+	 */
+	memset(split, 0, sizeof(struct blame_entry [3]));
+	if (diff_hunks(file_p, &file_o, handle_split_cb, &d, sb->xdl_opts))
+		die("unable to generate diff (%s)",
+		    oid_to_hex(&parent->commit->object.oid));
+	/* remainder, if any, all match the preimage */
+	handle_split(sb, ent, d.tlno, d.plno, ent->num_lines, parent, split);
+}
+
+/* Move all blame entries from list *source that have a score smaller
+ * than score_min to the front of list *small.
+ * Returns a pointer to the link pointing to the old head of the small list.
+ */
+
+static struct blame_entry **filter_small(struct blame_scoreboard *sb,
+					 struct blame_entry **small,
+					 struct blame_entry **source,
+					 unsigned score_min)
+{
+	struct blame_entry *p = *source;
+	struct blame_entry *oldsmall = *small;
+	while (p) {
+		if (blame_entry_score(sb, p) <= score_min) {
+			*small = p;
+			small = &p->next;
+			p = *small;
+		} else {
+			*source = p;
+			source = &p->next;
+			p = *source;
+		}
+	}
+	*small = oldsmall;
+	*source = NULL;
+	return small;
+}
+
+/*
+ * See if lines currently target is suspected for can be attributed to
+ * parent.
+ */
+static void find_move_in_parent(struct blame_scoreboard *sb,
+				struct blame_entry ***blamed,
+				struct blame_entry **toosmall,
+				struct blame_origin *target,
+				struct blame_origin *parent)
+{
+	struct blame_entry *e, split[3];
+	struct blame_entry *unblamed = target->suspects;
+	struct blame_entry *leftover = NULL;
+	mmfile_t file_p;
+
+	if (!unblamed)
+		return; /* nothing remains for this target */
+
+	fill_origin_blob(&sb->revs->diffopt, parent, &file_p, &sb->num_read_blob);
+	if (!file_p.ptr)
+		return;
+
+	/* At each iteration, unblamed has a NULL-terminated list of
+	 * entries that have not yet been tested for blame.  leftover
+	 * contains the reversed list of entries that have been tested
+	 * without being assignable to the parent.
+	 */
+	do {
+		struct blame_entry **unblamedtail = &unblamed;
+		struct blame_entry *next;
+		for (e = unblamed; e; e = next) {
+			next = e->next;
+			find_copy_in_blob(sb, e, parent, split, &file_p);
+			if (split[1].suspect &&
+			    sb->move_score < blame_entry_score(sb, &split[1])) {
+				split_blame(blamed, &unblamedtail, split, e);
+			} else {
+				e->next = leftover;
+				leftover = e;
+			}
+			decref_split(split);
+		}
+		*unblamedtail = NULL;
+		toosmall = filter_small(sb, toosmall, &unblamed, sb->move_score);
+	} while (unblamed);
+	target->suspects = reverse_blame(leftover, NULL);
+}
+
+struct blame_list {
+	struct blame_entry *ent;
+	struct blame_entry split[3];
+};
+
+/*
+ * Count the number of entries the target is suspected for,
+ * and prepare a list of entry and the best split.
+ */
+static struct blame_list *setup_blame_list(struct blame_entry *unblamed,
+					   int *num_ents_p)
+{
+	struct blame_entry *e;
+	int num_ents, i;
+	struct blame_list *blame_list = NULL;
+
+	for (e = unblamed, num_ents = 0; e; e = e->next)
+		num_ents++;
+	if (num_ents) {
+		blame_list = xcalloc(num_ents, sizeof(struct blame_list));
+		for (e = unblamed, i = 0; e; e = e->next)
+			blame_list[i++].ent = e;
+	}
+	*num_ents_p = num_ents;
+	return blame_list;
+}
+
+/*
+ * For lines target is suspected for, see if we can find code movement
+ * across file boundary from the parent commit.  porigin is the path
+ * in the parent we already tried.
+ */
+static void find_copy_in_parent(struct blame_scoreboard *sb,
+				struct blame_entry ***blamed,
+				struct blame_entry **toosmall,
+				struct blame_origin *target,
+				struct commit *parent,
+				struct blame_origin *porigin,
+				int opt)
+{
+	struct diff_options diff_opts;
+	int i, j;
+	struct blame_list *blame_list;
+	int num_ents;
+	struct blame_entry *unblamed = target->suspects;
+	struct blame_entry *leftover = NULL;
+
+	if (!unblamed)
+		return; /* nothing remains for this target */
+
+	diff_setup(&diff_opts);
+	diff_opts.flags.recursive = 1;
+	diff_opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
+
+	diff_setup_done(&diff_opts);
+
+	/* Try "find copies harder" on new path if requested;
+	 * we do not want to use diffcore_rename() actually to
+	 * match things up; find_copies_harder is set only to
+	 * force diff_tree_oid() to feed all filepairs to diff_queue,
+	 * and this code needs to be after diff_setup_done(), which
+	 * usually makes find-copies-harder imply copy detection.
+	 */
+	if ((opt & PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDEST)
+	    || ((opt & PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDER)
+		&& (!porigin || strcmp(target->path, porigin->path))))
+		diff_opts.flags.find_copies_harder = 1;
+
+	if (is_null_oid(&target->commit->object.oid))
+		do_diff_cache(get_commit_tree_oid(parent), &diff_opts);
+	else
+		diff_tree_oid(get_commit_tree_oid(parent),
+			      get_commit_tree_oid(target->commit),
+			      "", &diff_opts);
+
+	if (!diff_opts.flags.find_copies_harder)
+		diffcore_std(&diff_opts);
+
+	do {
+		struct blame_entry **unblamedtail = &unblamed;
+		blame_list = setup_blame_list(unblamed, &num_ents);
+
+		for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++) {
+			struct diff_filepair *p = diff_queued_diff.queue[i];
+			struct blame_origin *norigin;
+			mmfile_t file_p;
+			struct blame_entry potential[3];
+
+			if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->one))
+				continue; /* does not exist in parent */
+			if (S_ISGITLINK(p->one->mode))
+				continue; /* ignore git links */
+			if (porigin && !strcmp(p->one->path, porigin->path))
+				/* find_move already dealt with this path */
+				continue;
+
+			norigin = get_origin(parent, p->one->path);
+			oidcpy(&norigin->blob_oid, &p->one->oid);
+			norigin->mode = p->one->mode;
+			fill_origin_blob(&sb->revs->diffopt, norigin, &file_p, &sb->num_read_blob);
+			if (!file_p.ptr)
+				continue;
+
+			for (j = 0; j < num_ents; j++) {
+				find_copy_in_blob(sb, blame_list[j].ent,
+						  norigin, potential, &file_p);
+				copy_split_if_better(sb, blame_list[j].split,
+						     potential);
+				decref_split(potential);
+			}
+			blame_origin_decref(norigin);
+		}
+
+		for (j = 0; j < num_ents; j++) {
+			struct blame_entry *split = blame_list[j].split;
+			if (split[1].suspect &&
+			    sb->copy_score < blame_entry_score(sb, &split[1])) {
+				split_blame(blamed, &unblamedtail, split,
+					    blame_list[j].ent);
+			} else {
+				blame_list[j].ent->next = leftover;
+				leftover = blame_list[j].ent;
+			}
+			decref_split(split);
+		}
+		free(blame_list);
+		*unblamedtail = NULL;
+		toosmall = filter_small(sb, toosmall, &unblamed, sb->copy_score);
+	} while (unblamed);
+	target->suspects = reverse_blame(leftover, NULL);
+	diff_flush(&diff_opts);
+	clear_pathspec(&diff_opts.pathspec);
+}
+
+/*
+ * The blobs of origin and porigin exactly match, so everything
+ * origin is suspected for can be blamed on the parent.
+ */
+static void pass_whole_blame(struct blame_scoreboard *sb,
+			     struct blame_origin *origin, struct blame_origin *porigin)
+{
+	struct blame_entry *e, *suspects;
+
+	if (!porigin->file.ptr && origin->file.ptr) {
+		/* Steal its file */
+		porigin->file = origin->file;
+		origin->file.ptr = NULL;
+	}
+	suspects = origin->suspects;
+	origin->suspects = NULL;
+	for (e = suspects; e; e = e->next) {
+		blame_origin_incref(porigin);
+		blame_origin_decref(e->suspect);
+		e->suspect = porigin;
+	}
+	queue_blames(sb, porigin, suspects);
+}
+
+/*
+ * We pass blame from the current commit to its parents.  We keep saying
+ * "parent" (and "porigin"), but what we mean is to find scapegoat to
+ * exonerate ourselves.
+ */
+static struct commit_list *first_scapegoat(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit,
+					int reverse)
+{
+	if (!reverse) {
+		if (revs->first_parent_only &&
+		    commit->parents &&
+		    commit->parents->next) {
+			free_commit_list(commit->parents->next);
+			commit->parents->next = NULL;
+		}
+		return commit->parents;
+	}
+	return lookup_decoration(&revs->children, &commit->object);
+}
+
+static int num_scapegoats(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit, int reverse)
+{
+	struct commit_list *l = first_scapegoat(revs, commit, reverse);
+	return commit_list_count(l);
+}
+
+/* Distribute collected unsorted blames to the respected sorted lists
+ * in the various origins.
+ */
+static void distribute_blame(struct blame_scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *blamed)
+{
+	blamed = llist_mergesort(blamed, get_next_blame, set_next_blame,
+				 compare_blame_suspect);
+	while (blamed)
+	{
+		struct blame_origin *porigin = blamed->suspect;
+		struct blame_entry *suspects = NULL;
+		do {
+			struct blame_entry *next = blamed->next;
+			blamed->next = suspects;
+			suspects = blamed;
+			blamed = next;
+		} while (blamed && blamed->suspect == porigin);
+		suspects = reverse_blame(suspects, NULL);
+		queue_blames(sb, porigin, suspects);
+	}
+}
+
+#define MAXSG 16
+
+static void pass_blame(struct blame_scoreboard *sb, struct blame_origin *origin, int opt)
+{
+	struct rev_info *revs = sb->revs;
+	int i, pass, num_sg;
+	struct commit *commit = origin->commit;
+	struct commit_list *sg;
+	struct blame_origin *sg_buf[MAXSG];
+	struct blame_origin *porigin, **sg_origin = sg_buf;
+	struct blame_entry *toosmall = NULL;
+	struct blame_entry *blames, **blametail = &blames;
+
+	num_sg = num_scapegoats(revs, commit, sb->reverse);
+	if (!num_sg)
+		goto finish;
+	else if (num_sg < ARRAY_SIZE(sg_buf))
+		memset(sg_buf, 0, sizeof(sg_buf));
+	else
+		sg_origin = xcalloc(num_sg, sizeof(*sg_origin));
+
+	/*
+	 * The first pass looks for unrenamed path to optimize for
+	 * common cases, then we look for renames in the second pass.
+	 */
+	for (pass = 0; pass < 2 - sb->no_whole_file_rename; pass++) {
+		struct blame_origin *(*find)(struct commit *, struct blame_origin *);
+		find = pass ? find_rename : find_origin;
+
+		for (i = 0, sg = first_scapegoat(revs, commit, sb->reverse);
+		     i < num_sg && sg;
+		     sg = sg->next, i++) {
+			struct commit *p = sg->item;
+			int j, same;
+
+			if (sg_origin[i])
+				continue;
+			if (parse_commit(p))
+				continue;
+			porigin = find(p, origin);
+			if (!porigin)
+				continue;
+			if (!oidcmp(&porigin->blob_oid, &origin->blob_oid)) {
+				pass_whole_blame(sb, origin, porigin);
+				blame_origin_decref(porigin);
+				goto finish;
+			}
+			for (j = same = 0; j < i; j++)
+				if (sg_origin[j] &&
+				    !oidcmp(&sg_origin[j]->blob_oid, &porigin->blob_oid)) {
+					same = 1;
+					break;
+				}
+			if (!same)
+				sg_origin[i] = porigin;
+			else
+				blame_origin_decref(porigin);
+		}
+	}
+
+	sb->num_commits++;
+	for (i = 0, sg = first_scapegoat(revs, commit, sb->reverse);
+	     i < num_sg && sg;
+	     sg = sg->next, i++) {
+		struct blame_origin *porigin = sg_origin[i];
+		if (!porigin)
+			continue;
+		if (!origin->previous) {
+			blame_origin_incref(porigin);
+			origin->previous = porigin;
+		}
+		pass_blame_to_parent(sb, origin, porigin);
+		if (!origin->suspects)
+			goto finish;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Optionally find moves in parents' files.
+	 */
+	if (opt & PICKAXE_BLAME_MOVE) {
+		filter_small(sb, &toosmall, &origin->suspects, sb->move_score);
+		if (origin->suspects) {
+			for (i = 0, sg = first_scapegoat(revs, commit, sb->reverse);
+			     i < num_sg && sg;
+			     sg = sg->next, i++) {
+				struct blame_origin *porigin = sg_origin[i];
+				if (!porigin)
+					continue;
+				find_move_in_parent(sb, &blametail, &toosmall, origin, porigin);
+				if (!origin->suspects)
+					break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Optionally find copies from parents' files.
+	 */
+	if (opt & PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY) {
+		if (sb->copy_score > sb->move_score)
+			filter_small(sb, &toosmall, &origin->suspects, sb->copy_score);
+		else if (sb->copy_score < sb->move_score) {
+			origin->suspects = blame_merge(origin->suspects, toosmall);
+			toosmall = NULL;
+			filter_small(sb, &toosmall, &origin->suspects, sb->copy_score);
+		}
+		if (!origin->suspects)
+			goto finish;
+
+		for (i = 0, sg = first_scapegoat(revs, commit, sb->reverse);
+		     i < num_sg && sg;
+		     sg = sg->next, i++) {
+			struct blame_origin *porigin = sg_origin[i];
+			find_copy_in_parent(sb, &blametail, &toosmall,
+					    origin, sg->item, porigin, opt);
+			if (!origin->suspects)
+				goto finish;
+		}
+	}
+
+finish:
+	*blametail = NULL;
+	distribute_blame(sb, blames);
+	/*
+	 * prepend toosmall to origin->suspects
+	 *
+	 * There is no point in sorting: this ends up on a big
+	 * unsorted list in the caller anyway.
+	 */
+	if (toosmall) {
+		struct blame_entry **tail = &toosmall;
+		while (*tail)
+			tail = &(*tail)->next;
+		*tail = origin->suspects;
+		origin->suspects = toosmall;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < num_sg; i++) {
+		if (sg_origin[i]) {
+			drop_origin_blob(sg_origin[i]);
+			blame_origin_decref(sg_origin[i]);
+		}
+	}
+	drop_origin_blob(origin);
+	if (sg_buf != sg_origin)
+		free(sg_origin);
+}
+
+/*
+ * The main loop -- while we have blobs with lines whose true origin
+ * is still unknown, pick one blob, and allow its lines to pass blames
+ * to its parents. */
+void assign_blame(struct blame_scoreboard *sb, int opt)
+{
+	struct rev_info *revs = sb->revs;
+	struct commit *commit = prio_queue_get(&sb->commits);
+
+	while (commit) {
+		struct blame_entry *ent;
+		struct blame_origin *suspect = get_blame_suspects(commit);
+
+		/* find one suspect to break down */
+		while (suspect && !suspect->suspects)
+			suspect = suspect->next;
+
+		if (!suspect) {
+			commit = prio_queue_get(&sb->commits);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		assert(commit == suspect->commit);
+
+		/*
+		 * We will use this suspect later in the loop,
+		 * so hold onto it in the meantime.
+		 */
+		blame_origin_incref(suspect);
+		parse_commit(commit);
+		if (sb->reverse ||
+		    (!(commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING) &&
+		     !(revs->max_age != -1 && commit->date < revs->max_age)))
+			pass_blame(sb, suspect, opt);
+		else {
+			commit->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+			if (commit->object.parsed)
+				mark_parents_uninteresting(commit);
+		}
+		/* treat root commit as boundary */
+		if (!commit->parents && !sb->show_root)
+			commit->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+
+		/* Take responsibility for the remaining entries */
+		ent = suspect->suspects;
+		if (ent) {
+			suspect->guilty = 1;
+			for (;;) {
+				struct blame_entry *next = ent->next;
+				if (sb->found_guilty_entry)
+					sb->found_guilty_entry(ent, sb->found_guilty_entry_data);
+				if (next) {
+					ent = next;
+					continue;
+				}
+				ent->next = sb->ent;
+				sb->ent = suspect->suspects;
+				suspect->suspects = NULL;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		blame_origin_decref(suspect);
+
+		if (sb->debug) /* sanity */
+			sanity_check_refcnt(sb);
+	}
+}
+
+static const char *get_next_line(const char *start, const char *end)
+{
+	const char *nl = memchr(start, '\n', end - start);
+	return nl ? nl + 1 : end;
+}
+
+/*
+ * To allow quick access to the contents of nth line in the
+ * final image, prepare an index in the scoreboard.
+ */
+static int prepare_lines(struct blame_scoreboard *sb)
+{
+	const char *buf = sb->final_buf;
+	unsigned long len = sb->final_buf_size;
+	const char *end = buf + len;
+	const char *p;
+	int *lineno;
+	int num = 0;
+
+	for (p = buf; p < end; p = get_next_line(p, end))
+		num++;
+
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(sb->lineno, num + 1);
+	lineno = sb->lineno;
+
+	for (p = buf; p < end; p = get_next_line(p, end))
+		*lineno++ = p - buf;
+
+	*lineno = len;
+
+	sb->num_lines = num;
+	return sb->num_lines;
+}
+
+static struct commit *find_single_final(struct rev_info *revs,
+					const char **name_p)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct commit *found = NULL;
+	const char *name = NULL;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < revs->pending.nr; i++) {
+		struct object *obj = revs->pending.objects[i].item;
+		if (obj->flags & UNINTERESTING)
+			continue;
+		obj = deref_tag(the_repository, obj, NULL, 0);
+		if (obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+			die("Non commit %s?", revs->pending.objects[i].name);
+		if (found)
+			die("More than one commit to dig from %s and %s?",
+			    revs->pending.objects[i].name, name);
+		found = (struct commit *)obj;
+		name = revs->pending.objects[i].name;
+	}
+	if (name_p)
+		*name_p = xstrdup_or_null(name);
+	return found;
+}
+
+static struct commit *dwim_reverse_initial(struct rev_info *revs,
+					   const char **name_p)
+{
+	/*
+	 * DWIM "git blame --reverse ONE -- PATH" as
+	 * "git blame --reverse ONE..HEAD -- PATH" but only do so
+	 * when it makes sense.
+	 */
+	struct object *obj;
+	struct commit *head_commit;
+	struct object_id head_oid;
+
+	if (revs->pending.nr != 1)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* Is that sole rev a committish? */
+	obj = revs->pending.objects[0].item;
+	obj = deref_tag(the_repository, obj, NULL, 0);
+	if (obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* Do we have HEAD? */
+	if (!resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING, &head_oid, NULL))
+		return NULL;
+	head_commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository,
+						     &head_oid, 1);
+	if (!head_commit)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* Turn "ONE" into "ONE..HEAD" then */
+	obj->flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+	add_pending_object(revs, &head_commit->object, "HEAD");
+
+	if (name_p)
+		*name_p = revs->pending.objects[0].name;
+	return (struct commit *)obj;
+}
+
+static struct commit *find_single_initial(struct rev_info *revs,
+					  const char **name_p)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct commit *found = NULL;
+	const char *name = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * There must be one and only one negative commit, and it must be
+	 * the boundary.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < revs->pending.nr; i++) {
+		struct object *obj = revs->pending.objects[i].item;
+		if (!(obj->flags & UNINTERESTING))
+			continue;
+		obj = deref_tag(the_repository, obj, NULL, 0);
+		if (obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+			die("Non commit %s?", revs->pending.objects[i].name);
+		if (found)
+			die("More than one commit to dig up from, %s and %s?",
+			    revs->pending.objects[i].name, name);
+		found = (struct commit *) obj;
+		name = revs->pending.objects[i].name;
+	}
+
+	if (!name)
+		found = dwim_reverse_initial(revs, &name);
+	if (!name)
+		die("No commit to dig up from?");
+
+	if (name_p)
+		*name_p = xstrdup(name);
+	return found;
+}
+
+void init_scoreboard(struct blame_scoreboard *sb)
+{
+	memset(sb, 0, sizeof(struct blame_scoreboard));
+	sb->move_score = BLAME_DEFAULT_MOVE_SCORE;
+	sb->copy_score = BLAME_DEFAULT_COPY_SCORE;
+}
+
+void setup_scoreboard(struct blame_scoreboard *sb,
+		      const char *path,
+		      struct blame_origin **orig)
+{
+	const char *final_commit_name = NULL;
+	struct blame_origin *o;
+	struct commit *final_commit = NULL;
+	enum object_type type;
+
+	init_blame_suspects(&blame_suspects);
+
+	if (sb->reverse && sb->contents_from)
+		die(_("--contents and --reverse do not blend well."));
+
+	if (!sb->repo)
+		BUG("repo is NULL");
+
+	if (!sb->reverse) {
+		sb->final = find_single_final(sb->revs, &final_commit_name);
+		sb->commits.compare = compare_commits_by_commit_date;
+	} else {
+		sb->final = find_single_initial(sb->revs, &final_commit_name);
+		sb->commits.compare = compare_commits_by_reverse_commit_date;
+	}
+
+	if (sb->final && sb->contents_from)
+		die(_("cannot use --contents with final commit object name"));
+
+	if (sb->reverse && sb->revs->first_parent_only)
+		sb->revs->children.name = NULL;
+
+	if (!sb->final) {
+		/*
+		 * "--not A B -- path" without anything positive;
+		 * do not default to HEAD, but use the working tree
+		 * or "--contents".
+		 */
+		setup_work_tree();
+		sb->final = fake_working_tree_commit(sb->repo,
+						     &sb->revs->diffopt,
+						     path, sb->contents_from);
+		add_pending_object(sb->revs, &(sb->final->object), ":");
+	}
+
+	if (sb->reverse && sb->revs->first_parent_only) {
+		final_commit = find_single_final(sb->revs, NULL);
+		if (!final_commit)
+			die(_("--reverse and --first-parent together require specified latest commit"));
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we have bottom, this will mark the ancestors of the
+	 * bottom commits we would reach while traversing as
+	 * uninteresting.
+	 */
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(sb->revs))
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
+
+	if (sb->reverse && sb->revs->first_parent_only) {
+		struct commit *c = final_commit;
+
+		sb->revs->children.name = "children";
+		while (c->parents &&
+		       oidcmp(&c->object.oid, &sb->final->object.oid)) {
+			struct commit_list *l = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*l));
+
+			l->item = c;
+			if (add_decoration(&sb->revs->children,
+					   &c->parents->item->object, l))
+				BUG("not unique item in first-parent chain");
+			c = c->parents->item;
+		}
+
+		if (oidcmp(&c->object.oid, &sb->final->object.oid))
+			die(_("--reverse --first-parent together require range along first-parent chain"));
+	}
+
+	if (is_null_oid(&sb->final->object.oid)) {
+		o = get_blame_suspects(sb->final);
+		sb->final_buf = xmemdupz(o->file.ptr, o->file.size);
+		sb->final_buf_size = o->file.size;
+	}
+	else {
+		o = get_origin(sb->final, path);
+		if (fill_blob_sha1_and_mode(sb->repo, o))
+			die(_("no such path %s in %s"), path, final_commit_name);
+
+		if (sb->revs->diffopt.flags.allow_textconv &&
+		    textconv_object(path, o->mode, &o->blob_oid, 1, (char **) &sb->final_buf,
+				    &sb->final_buf_size))
+			;
+		else
+			sb->final_buf = read_object_file(&o->blob_oid, &type,
+							 &sb->final_buf_size);
+
+		if (!sb->final_buf)
+			die(_("cannot read blob %s for path %s"),
+			    oid_to_hex(&o->blob_oid),
+			    path);
+	}
+	sb->num_read_blob++;
+	prepare_lines(sb);
+
+	if (orig)
+		*orig = o;
+
+	free((char *)final_commit_name);
+}
+
+
+
+struct blame_entry *blame_entry_prepend(struct blame_entry *head,
+					long start, long end,
+					struct blame_origin *o)
+{
+	struct blame_entry *new_head = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct blame_entry));
+	new_head->lno = start;
+	new_head->num_lines = end - start;
+	new_head->suspect = o;
+	new_head->s_lno = start;
+	new_head->next = head;
+	blame_origin_incref(o);
+	return new_head;
+}
diff --git a/blame.h b/blame.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..be3a895043
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blame.h
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+#ifndef BLAME_H
+#define BLAME_H
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "xdiff-interface.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "prio-queue.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+
+#define PICKAXE_BLAME_MOVE		01
+#define PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY		02
+#define PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDER	04
+#define PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDEST	010
+
+#define BLAME_DEFAULT_MOVE_SCORE	20
+#define BLAME_DEFAULT_COPY_SCORE	40
+
+/*
+ * One blob in a commit that is being suspected
+ */
+struct blame_origin {
+	int refcnt;
+	/* Record preceding blame record for this blob */
+	struct blame_origin *previous;
+	/* origins are put in a list linked via `next' hanging off the
+	 * corresponding commit's util field in order to make finding
+	 * them fast.  The presence in this chain does not count
+	 * towards the origin's reference count.  It is tempting to
+	 * let it count as long as the commit is pending examination,
+	 * but even under circumstances where the commit will be
+	 * present multiple times in the priority queue of unexamined
+	 * commits, processing the first instance will not leave any
+	 * work requiring the origin data for the second instance.  An
+	 * interspersed commit changing that would have to be
+	 * preexisting with a different ancestry and with the same
+	 * commit date in order to wedge itself between two instances
+	 * of the same commit in the priority queue _and_ produce
+	 * blame entries relevant for it.  While we don't want to let
+	 * us get tripped up by this case, it certainly does not seem
+	 * worth optimizing for.
+	 */
+	struct blame_origin *next;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	/* `suspects' contains blame entries that may be attributed to
+	 * this origin's commit or to parent commits.  When a commit
+	 * is being processed, all suspects will be moved, either by
+	 * assigning them to an origin in a different commit, or by
+	 * shipping them to the scoreboard's ent list because they
+	 * cannot be attributed to a different commit.
+	 */
+	struct blame_entry *suspects;
+	mmfile_t file;
+	struct object_id blob_oid;
+	unsigned mode;
+	/* guilty gets set when shipping any suspects to the final
+	 * blame list instead of other commits
+	 */
+	char guilty;
+	char path[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+
+/*
+ * Each group of lines is described by a blame_entry; it can be split
+ * as we pass blame to the parents.  They are arranged in linked lists
+ * kept as `suspects' of some unprocessed origin, or entered (when the
+ * blame origin has been finalized) into the scoreboard structure.
+ * While the scoreboard structure is only sorted at the end of
+ * processing (according to final image line number), the lists
+ * attached to an origin are sorted by the target line number.
+ */
+struct blame_entry {
+	struct blame_entry *next;
+
+	/* the first line of this group in the final image;
+	 * internally all line numbers are 0 based.
+	 */
+	int lno;
+
+	/* how many lines this group has */
+	int num_lines;
+
+	/* the commit that introduced this group into the final image */
+	struct blame_origin *suspect;
+
+	/* the line number of the first line of this group in the
+	 * suspect's file; internally all line numbers are 0 based.
+	 */
+	int s_lno;
+
+	/* how significant this entry is -- cached to avoid
+	 * scanning the lines over and over.
+	 */
+	unsigned score;
+};
+
+/*
+ * The current state of the blame assignment.
+ */
+struct blame_scoreboard {
+	/* the final commit (i.e. where we started digging from) */
+	struct commit *final;
+	/* Priority queue for commits with unassigned blame records */
+	struct prio_queue commits;
+	struct repository *repo;
+	struct rev_info *revs;
+	const char *path;
+
+	/*
+	 * The contents in the final image.
+	 * Used by many functions to obtain contents of the nth line,
+	 * indexed with scoreboard.lineno[blame_entry.lno].
+	 */
+	const char *final_buf;
+	unsigned long final_buf_size;
+
+	/* linked list of blames */
+	struct blame_entry *ent;
+
+	/* look-up a line in the final buffer */
+	int num_lines;
+	int *lineno;
+
+	/* stats */
+	int num_read_blob;
+	int num_get_patch;
+	int num_commits;
+
+	/*
+	 * blame for a blame_entry with score lower than these thresholds
+	 * is not passed to the parent using move/copy logic.
+	 */
+	unsigned move_score;
+	unsigned copy_score;
+
+	/* use this file's contents as the final image */
+	const char *contents_from;
+
+	/* flags */
+	int reverse;
+	int show_root;
+	int xdl_opts;
+	int no_whole_file_rename;
+	int debug;
+
+	/* callbacks */
+	void(*on_sanity_fail)(struct blame_scoreboard *, int);
+	void(*found_guilty_entry)(struct blame_entry *, void *);
+
+	void *found_guilty_entry_data;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Origin is refcounted and usually we keep the blob contents to be
+ * reused.
+ */
+static inline struct blame_origin *blame_origin_incref(struct blame_origin *o)
+{
+	if (o)
+		o->refcnt++;
+	return o;
+}
+void blame_origin_decref(struct blame_origin *o);
+
+void blame_coalesce(struct blame_scoreboard *sb);
+void blame_sort_final(struct blame_scoreboard *sb);
+unsigned blame_entry_score(struct blame_scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *e);
+void assign_blame(struct blame_scoreboard *sb, int opt);
+const char *blame_nth_line(struct blame_scoreboard *sb, long lno);
+
+void init_scoreboard(struct blame_scoreboard *sb);
+void setup_scoreboard(struct blame_scoreboard *sb,
+		      const char *path,
+		      struct blame_origin **orig);
+
+struct blame_entry *blame_entry_prepend(struct blame_entry *head,
+					long start, long end,
+					struct blame_origin *o);
+
+extern struct blame_origin *get_blame_suspects(struct commit *commit);
+
+#endif /* BLAME_H */
diff --git a/blob.c b/blob.c
index 1fcb8e44b0..342bdbb1bb 100644
--- a/blob.c
+++ b/blob.c
@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "blob.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "alloc.h"
 
 const char *blob_type = "blob";
 
-struct blob *lookup_blob(const unsigned char *sha1)
+struct blob *lookup_blob(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
+	struct object *obj = lookup_object(r, oid->hash);
 	if (!obj)
-		return create_object(sha1, alloc_blob_node());
-	return object_as_type(obj, OBJ_BLOB, 0);
+		return create_object(r, oid->hash,
+				     alloc_blob_node(r));
+	return object_as_type(r, obj, OBJ_BLOB, 0);
 }
 
 int parse_blob_buffer(struct blob *item, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
diff --git a/blob.h b/blob.h
index 59b394eea3..1664872055 100644
--- a/blob.h
+++ b/blob.h
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ struct blob {
 	struct object object;
 };
 
-struct blob *lookup_blob(const unsigned char *sha1);
+struct blob *lookup_blob(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid);
 
 int parse_blob_buffer(struct blob *item, void *buffer, unsigned long size);
 
diff --git a/block-sha1/sha1.h b/block-sha1/sha1.h
index b864df623e..4df6747752 100644
--- a/block-sha1/sha1.h
+++ b/block-sha1/sha1.h
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ void blk_SHA1_Init(blk_SHA_CTX *ctx);
 void blk_SHA1_Update(blk_SHA_CTX *ctx, const void *dataIn, unsigned long len);
 void blk_SHA1_Final(unsigned char hashout[20], blk_SHA_CTX *ctx);
 
-#define git_SHA_CTX	blk_SHA_CTX
-#define git_SHA1_Init	blk_SHA1_Init
-#define git_SHA1_Update	blk_SHA1_Update
-#define git_SHA1_Final	blk_SHA1_Final
+#define platform_SHA_CTX	blk_SHA_CTX
+#define platform_SHA1_Init	blk_SHA1_Init
+#define platform_SHA1_Update	blk_SHA1_Update
+#define platform_SHA1_Final	blk_SHA1_Final
diff --git a/branch.c b/branch.c
index b0024353f4..776f55fc66 100644
--- a/branch.c
+++ b/branch.c
@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "branch.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "refspec.h"
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "commit.h"
+#include "worktree.h"
 
 struct tracking {
-	struct refspec spec;
+	struct refspec_item spec;
 	char *src;
 	const char *remote;
 	int matches;
@@ -22,10 +25,7 @@ static int find_tracked_branch(struct remote *remote, void *priv)
 			tracking->remote = remote->name;
 		} else {
 			free(tracking->spec.src);
-			if (tracking->src) {
-				free(tracking->src);
-				tracking->src = NULL;
-			}
+			FREE_AND_NULL(tracking->src);
 		}
 		tracking->spec.src = NULL;
 	}
@@ -48,7 +48,13 @@ static int should_setup_rebase(const char *origin)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void install_branch_config(int flag, const char *local, const char *origin, const char *remote)
+static const char tracking_advice[] =
+N_("\n"
+"After fixing the error cause you may try to fix up\n"
+"the remote tracking information by invoking\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\".");
+
+int install_branch_config(int flag, const char *local, const char *origin, const char *remote)
 {
 	const char *shortname = NULL;
 	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -59,20 +65,23 @@ void install_branch_config(int flag, const char *local, const char *origin, cons
 	    && !origin) {
 		warning(_("Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."),
 			local);
-		return;
+		return 0;
 	}
 
 	strbuf_addf(&key, "branch.%s.remote", local);
-	git_config_set(key.buf, origin ? origin : ".");
+	if (git_config_set_gently(key.buf, origin ? origin : ".") < 0)
+		goto out_err;
 
 	strbuf_reset(&key);
 	strbuf_addf(&key, "branch.%s.merge", local);
-	git_config_set(key.buf, remote);
+	if (git_config_set_gently(key.buf, remote) < 0)
+		goto out_err;
 
 	if (rebasing) {
 		strbuf_reset(&key);
 		strbuf_addf(&key, "branch.%s.rebase", local);
-		git_config_set(key.buf, "true");
+		if (git_config_set_gently(key.buf, "true") < 0)
+			goto out_err;
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&key);
 
@@ -80,27 +89,40 @@ void install_branch_config(int flag, const char *local, const char *origin, cons
 		if (shortname) {
 			if (origin)
 				printf_ln(rebasing ?
-					  _("Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing.") :
-					  _("Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s."),
+					  _("Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s' by rebasing.") :
+					  _("Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s'."),
 					  local, shortname, origin);
 			else
 				printf_ln(rebasing ?
-					  _("Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing.") :
-					  _("Branch %s set up to track local branch %s."),
+					  _("Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s' by rebasing.") :
+					  _("Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s'."),
 					  local, shortname);
 		} else {
 			if (origin)
 				printf_ln(rebasing ?
-					  _("Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing.") :
-					  _("Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s."),
+					  _("Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s' by rebasing.") :
+					  _("Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s'."),
 					  local, remote);
 			else
 				printf_ln(rebasing ?
-					  _("Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing.") :
-					  _("Branch %s set up to track local ref %s."),
+					  _("Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s' by rebasing.") :
+					  _("Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s'."),
 					  local, remote);
 		}
 	}
+
+	return 0;
+
+out_err:
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	error(_("Unable to write upstream branch configuration"));
+
+	advise(_(tracking_advice),
+	       origin ? origin : "",
+	       origin ? "/" : "",
+	       shortname ? shortname : remote);
+
+	return -1;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -108,8 +130,8 @@ void install_branch_config(int flag, const char *local, const char *origin, cons
  * to infer the settings for branch.<new_ref>.{remote,merge} from the
  * config.
  */
-static int setup_tracking(const char *new_ref, const char *orig_ref,
-			  enum branch_track track, int quiet)
+static void setup_tracking(const char *new_ref, const char *orig_ref,
+			   enum branch_track track, int quiet)
 {
 	struct tracking tracking;
 	int config_flags = quiet ? 0 : BRANCH_CONFIG_VERBOSE;
@@ -117,7 +139,7 @@ static int setup_tracking(const char *new_ref, const char *orig_ref,
 	memset(&tracking, 0, sizeof(tracking));
 	tracking.spec.dst = (char *)orig_ref;
 	if (for_each_remote(find_tracked_branch, &tracking))
-		return 1;
+		return;
 
 	if (!tracking.matches)
 		switch (track) {
@@ -126,18 +148,18 @@ static int setup_tracking(const char *new_ref, const char *orig_ref,
 		case BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE:
 			break;
 		default:
-			return 1;
+			return;
 		}
 
 	if (tracking.matches > 1)
-		return error(_("Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"),
-				orig_ref);
+		die(_("Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"),
+		    orig_ref);
 
-	install_branch_config(config_flags, new_ref, tracking.remote,
-			      tracking.src ? tracking.src : orig_ref);
+	if (install_branch_config(config_flags, new_ref, tracking.remote,
+			      tracking.src ? tracking.src : orig_ref) < 0)
+		exit(-1);
 
 	free(tracking.src);
-	return 0;
 }
 
 int read_branch_desc(struct strbuf *buf, const char *branch_name)
@@ -155,33 +177,48 @@ int read_branch_desc(struct strbuf *buf, const char *branch_name)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int validate_new_branchname(const char *name, struct strbuf *ref,
-			    int force, int attr_only)
+/*
+ * Check if 'name' can be a valid name for a branch; die otherwise.
+ * Return 1 if the named branch already exists; return 0 otherwise.
+ * Fill ref with the full refname for the branch.
+ */
+int validate_branchname(const char *name, struct strbuf *ref)
 {
 	if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(ref, name))
 		die(_("'%s' is not a valid branch name."), name);
 
-	if (!ref_exists(ref->buf))
+	return ref_exists(ref->buf);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check if a branch 'name' can be created as a new branch; die otherwise.
+ * 'force' can be used when it is OK for the named branch already exists.
+ * Return 1 if the named branch already exists; return 0 otherwise.
+ * Fill ref with the full refname for the branch.
+ */
+int validate_new_branchname(const char *name, struct strbuf *ref, int force)
+{
+	const char *head;
+
+	if (!validate_branchname(name, ref))
 		return 0;
-	else if (!force && !attr_only)
-		die(_("A branch named '%s' already exists."), ref->buf + strlen("refs/heads/"));
 
-	if (!attr_only) {
-		const char *head;
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+	if (!force)
+		die(_("A branch named '%s' already exists."),
+		    ref->buf + strlen("refs/heads/"));
+
+	head = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", 0, NULL, NULL);
+	if (!is_bare_repository() && head && !strcmp(head, ref->buf))
+		die(_("Cannot force update the current branch."));
 
-		head = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", 0, sha1, NULL);
-		if (!is_bare_repository() && head && !strcmp(head, ref->buf))
-			die(_("Cannot force update the current branch."));
-	}
 	return 1;
 }
 
 static int check_tracking_branch(struct remote *remote, void *cb_data)
 {
 	char *tracking_branch = cb_data;
-	struct refspec query;
-	memset(&query, 0, sizeof(struct refspec));
+	struct refspec_item query;
+	memset(&query, 0, sizeof(struct refspec_item));
 	query.dst = tracking_branch;
 	return !remote_find_tracking(remote, &query);
 }
@@ -205,14 +242,13 @@ N_("\n"
 "will track its remote counterpart, you may want to use\n"
 "\"git push -u\" to set the upstream config as you push.");
 
-void create_branch(const char *head,
-		   const char *name, const char *start_name,
-		   int force, int reflog, int clobber_head,
+void create_branch(const char *name, const char *start_name,
+		   int force, int clobber_head_ok, int reflog,
 		   int quiet, enum branch_track track)
 {
 	struct commit *commit;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char *real_ref, msg[PATH_MAX + 20];
+	struct object_id oid;
+	char *real_ref;
 	struct strbuf ref = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int forcing = 0;
 	int dont_change_ref = 0;
@@ -221,9 +257,9 @@ void create_branch(const char *head,
 	if (track == BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT || track == BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE)
 		explicit_tracking = 1;
 
-	if (validate_new_branchname(name, &ref, force,
-				    track == BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE ||
-				    clobber_head)) {
+	if ((track == BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE || clobber_head_ok)
+	    ? validate_branchname(name, &ref)
+	    : validate_new_branchname(name, &ref, force)) {
 		if (!force)
 			dont_change_ref = 1;
 		else
@@ -231,7 +267,7 @@ void create_branch(const char *head,
 	}
 
 	real_ref = NULL;
-	if (get_sha1(start_name, sha1)) {
+	if (get_oid(start_name, &oid)) {
 		if (explicit_tracking) {
 			if (advice_set_upstream_failure) {
 				error(_(upstream_missing), start_name);
@@ -243,7 +279,7 @@ void create_branch(const char *head,
 		die(_("Not a valid object name: '%s'."), start_name);
 	}
 
-	switch (dwim_ref(start_name, strlen(start_name), sha1, &real_ref)) {
+	switch (dwim_ref(start_name, strlen(start_name), &oid, &real_ref)) {
 	case 0:
 		/* Not branching from any existing branch */
 		if (explicit_tracking)
@@ -264,33 +300,33 @@ void create_branch(const char *head,
 		break;
 	}
 
-	if ((commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1)) == NULL)
+	if ((commit = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &oid)) == NULL)
 		die(_("Not a valid branch point: '%s'."), start_name);
-	hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
-
-	if (forcing)
-		snprintf(msg, sizeof msg, "branch: Reset to %s",
-			 start_name);
-	else if (!dont_change_ref)
-		snprintf(msg, sizeof msg, "branch: Created from %s",
-			 start_name);
+	oidcpy(&oid, &commit->object.oid);
 
 	if (reflog)
-		log_all_ref_updates = 1;
+		log_all_ref_updates = LOG_REFS_NORMAL;
 
 	if (!dont_change_ref) {
 		struct ref_transaction *transaction;
 		struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+		char *msg;
+
+		if (forcing)
+			msg = xstrfmt("branch: Reset to %s", start_name);
+		else
+			msg = xstrfmt("branch: Created from %s", start_name);
 
 		transaction = ref_transaction_begin(&err);
 		if (!transaction ||
 		    ref_transaction_update(transaction, ref.buf,
-					   sha1, forcing ? NULL : null_sha1,
+					   &oid, forcing ? NULL : &null_oid,
 					   0, msg, &err) ||
 		    ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err))
 			die("%s", err.buf);
 		ref_transaction_free(transaction);
 		strbuf_release(&err);
+		free(msg);
 	}
 
 	if (real_ref && track)
@@ -302,11 +338,50 @@ void create_branch(const char *head,
 
 void remove_branch_state(void)
 {
-	unlink(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
-	unlink(git_path("REVERT_HEAD"));
-	unlink(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
-	unlink(git_path("MERGE_RR"));
-	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
-	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
-	unlink(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"));
+	unlink(git_path_cherry_pick_head(the_repository));
+	unlink(git_path_revert_head(the_repository));
+	unlink(git_path_merge_head(the_repository));
+	unlink(git_path_merge_rr(the_repository));
+	unlink(git_path_merge_msg(the_repository));
+	unlink(git_path_merge_mode(the_repository));
+	unlink(git_path_squash_msg(the_repository));
+}
+
+void die_if_checked_out(const char *branch, int ignore_current_worktree)
+{
+	const struct worktree *wt;
+
+	wt = find_shared_symref("HEAD", branch);
+	if (!wt || (ignore_current_worktree && wt->is_current))
+		return;
+	skip_prefix(branch, "refs/heads/", &branch);
+	die(_("'%s' is already checked out at '%s'"),
+	    branch, wt->path);
+}
+
+int replace_each_worktree_head_symref(const char *oldref, const char *newref,
+				      const char *logmsg)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct worktree **worktrees = get_worktrees(0);
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; worktrees[i]; i++) {
+		struct ref_store *refs;
+
+		if (worktrees[i]->is_detached)
+			continue;
+		if (!worktrees[i]->head_ref)
+			continue;
+		if (strcmp(oldref, worktrees[i]->head_ref))
+			continue;
+
+		refs = get_worktree_ref_store(worktrees[i]);
+		if (refs_create_symref(refs, "HEAD", newref, logmsg))
+			ret = error(_("HEAD of working tree %s is not updated"),
+				    worktrees[i]->path);
+	}
+
+	free_worktrees(worktrees);
+	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/branch.h b/branch.h
index 64173abf4d..5cace4581f 100644
--- a/branch.h
+++ b/branch.h
@@ -1,38 +1,60 @@
 #ifndef BRANCH_H
 #define BRANCH_H
 
-/* Functions for acting on the information about branches. */
+struct strbuf;
 
-/*
- * Creates a new branch, where head is the branch currently checked
- * out, name is the new branch name, start_name is the name of the
- * existing branch that the new branch should start from, force
- * enables overwriting an existing (non-head) branch, reflog creates a
- * reflog for the branch, and track causes the new branch to be
- * configured to merge the remote branch that start_name is a tracking
- * branch for (if any).
- */
-void create_branch(const char *head, const char *name, const char *start_name,
-		   int force, int reflog,
-		   int clobber_head, int quiet, enum branch_track track);
+enum branch_track {
+	BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED = -1,
+	BRANCH_TRACK_NEVER = 0,
+	BRANCH_TRACK_REMOTE,
+	BRANCH_TRACK_ALWAYS,
+	BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT,
+	BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE
+};
+
+extern enum branch_track git_branch_track;
+
+/* Functions for acting on the information about branches. */
 
 /*
- * Validates that the requested branch may be created, returning the
- * interpreted ref in ref, force indicates whether (non-head) branches
- * may be overwritten. A non-zero return value indicates that the force
- * parameter was non-zero and the branch already exists.
+ * Creates a new branch, where:
  *
- * Contrary to all of the above, when attr_only is 1, the caller is
- * not interested in verifying if it is Ok to update the named
- * branch to point at a potentially different commit. It is merely
- * asking if it is OK to change some attribute for the named branch
- * (e.g. tracking upstream).
+ *   - name is the new branch name
  *
- * NEEDSWORK: This needs to be split into two separate functions in the
- * longer run for sanity.
+ *   - start_name is the name of the existing branch that the new branch should
+ *     start from
+ *
+ *   - force enables overwriting an existing (non-head) branch
+ *
+ *   - clobber_head_ok allows the currently checked out (hence existing)
+ *     branch to be overwritten; without 'force', it has no effect.
+ *
+ *   - reflog creates a reflog for the branch
+ *
+ *   - quiet suppresses tracking information
+ *
+ *   - track causes the new branch to be configured to merge the remote branch
+ *     that start_name is a tracking branch for (if any).
  *
  */
-int validate_new_branchname(const char *name, struct strbuf *ref, int force, int attr_only);
+void create_branch(const char *name, const char *start_name,
+		   int force, int clobber_head_ok,
+		   int reflog, int quiet, enum branch_track track);
+
+/*
+ * Check if 'name' can be a valid name for a branch; die otherwise.
+ * Return 1 if the named branch already exists; return 0 otherwise.
+ * Fill ref with the full refname for the branch.
+ */
+extern int validate_branchname(const char *name, struct strbuf *ref);
+
+/*
+ * Check if a branch 'name' can be created as a new branch; die otherwise.
+ * 'force' can be used when it is OK for the named branch already exists.
+ * Return 1 if the named branch already exists; return 0 otherwise.
+ * Fill ref with the full refname for the branch.
+ */
+extern int validate_new_branchname(const char *name, struct strbuf *ref, int force);
 
 /*
  * Remove information about the state of working on the current
@@ -43,13 +65,29 @@ void remove_branch_state(void);
 /*
  * Configure local branch "local" as downstream to branch "remote"
  * from remote "origin".  Used by git branch --set-upstream.
+ * Returns 0 on success.
  */
 #define BRANCH_CONFIG_VERBOSE 01
-extern void install_branch_config(int flag, const char *local, const char *origin, const char *remote);
+extern int install_branch_config(int flag, const char *local, const char *origin, const char *remote);
 
 /*
  * Read branch description
  */
 extern int read_branch_desc(struct strbuf *, const char *branch_name);
 
+/*
+ * Check if a branch is checked out in the main worktree or any linked
+ * worktree and die (with a message describing its checkout location) if
+ * it is.
+ */
+extern void die_if_checked_out(const char *branch, int ignore_current_worktree);
+
+/*
+ * Update all per-worktree HEADs pointing at the old ref to point the new ref.
+ * This will be used when renaming a branch. Returns 0 if successful, non-zero
+ * otherwise.
+ */
+extern int replace_each_worktree_head_symref(const char *oldref, const char *newref,
+					     const char *logmsg);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/builtin.h b/builtin.h
index b87df70f96..99206df4bd 100644
--- a/builtin.h
+++ b/builtin.h
@@ -6,6 +6,94 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 
+/*
+ * builtin API
+ * ===========
+ *
+ * Adding a new built-in
+ * ---------------------
+ *
+ * There are 4 things to do to add a built-in command implementation to
+ * Git:
+ *
+ * . Define the implementation of the built-in command `foo` with
+ *   signature:
+ *
+ *	int cmd_foo(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+ *
+ * . Add the external declaration for the function to `builtin.h`.
+ *
+ * . Add the command to the `commands[]` table defined in `git.c`.
+ *   The entry should look like:
+ *
+ *	{ "foo", cmd_foo, <options> },
+ *
+ * where options is the bitwise-or of:
+ *
+ * `RUN_SETUP`:
+ *	If there is not a Git directory to work on, abort.  If there
+ *	is a work tree, chdir to the top of it if the command was
+ *	invoked in a subdirectory.  If there is no work tree, no
+ *	chdir() is done.
+ *
+ * `RUN_SETUP_GENTLY`:
+ *	If there is a Git directory, chdir as per RUN_SETUP, otherwise,
+ *	don't chdir anywhere.
+ *
+ * `USE_PAGER`:
+ *
+ *	If the standard output is connected to a tty, spawn a pager and
+ *	feed our output to it.
+ *
+ * `NEED_WORK_TREE`:
+ *
+ *	Make sure there is a work tree, i.e. the command cannot act
+ *	on bare repositories.
+ *	This only makes sense when `RUN_SETUP` is also set.
+ *
+ * `SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX`:
+ *
+ *	The built-in supports `--super-prefix`.
+ *
+ * `DELAY_PAGER_CONFIG`:
+ *
+ *	If RUN_SETUP or RUN_SETUP_GENTLY is set, git.c normally handles
+ *	the `pager.<cmd>`-configuration. If this flag is used, git.c
+ *	will skip that step, instead allowing the built-in to make a
+ *	more informed decision, e.g., by ignoring `pager.<cmd>` for
+ *	certain subcommands.
+ *
+ * . Add `builtin/foo.o` to `BUILTIN_OBJS` in `Makefile`.
+ *
+ * Additionally, if `foo` is a new command, there are 4 more things to do:
+ *
+ * . Add tests to `t/` directory.
+ *
+ * . Write documentation in `Documentation/git-foo.txt`.
+ *
+ * . Add an entry for `git-foo` to `command-list.txt`.
+ *
+ * . Add an entry for `/git-foo` to `.gitignore`.
+ *
+ *
+ * How a built-in is called
+ * ------------------------
+ *
+ * The implementation `cmd_foo()` takes three parameters, `argc`, `argv,
+ * and `prefix`.  The first two are similar to what `main()` of a
+ * standalone command would be called with.
+ *
+ * When `RUN_SETUP` is specified in the `commands[]` table, and when you
+ * were started from a subdirectory of the work tree, `cmd_foo()` is called
+ * after chdir(2) to the top of the work tree, and `prefix` gets the path
+ * to the subdirectory the command started from.  This allows you to
+ * convert a user-supplied pathname (typically relative to that directory)
+ * to a pathname relative to the top of the work tree.
+ *
+ * The return value from `cmd_foo()` becomes the exit status of the
+ * command.
+ */
+
 #define DEFAULT_MERGE_LOG_LEN 20
 
 extern const char git_usage_string[];
@@ -25,11 +113,22 @@ struct fmt_merge_msg_opts {
 extern int fmt_merge_msg(struct strbuf *in, struct strbuf *out,
 			 struct fmt_merge_msg_opts *);
 
-extern int textconv_object(const char *path, unsigned mode, const unsigned char *sha1, int sha1_valid, char **buf, unsigned long *buf_size);
+/**
+ * If a built-in has DELAY_PAGER_CONFIG set, the built-in should call this early
+ * when it wishes to respect the `pager.foo`-config. The `cmd` is the name of
+ * the built-in, e.g., "foo". If a paging-choice has already been setup, this
+ * does nothing. The default in `def` should be 0 for "pager off", 1 for "pager
+ * on" or -1 for "punt".
+ *
+ * You should most likely use a default of 0 or 1. "Punt" (-1) could be useful
+ * to be able to fall back to some historical compatibility name.
+ */
+extern void setup_auto_pager(const char *cmd, int def);
 
 extern int is_builtin(const char *s);
 
 extern int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_am(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_annotate(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_apply(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -50,6 +149,7 @@ extern int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_column(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_commit_graph(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_commit_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_count_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -59,6 +159,7 @@ extern int cmd_diff_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_diff_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_diff_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_difftool(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_fast_export(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -98,8 +199,11 @@ extern int cmd_pack_redundant(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_patch_id(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_prune(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_prune_packed(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_pull(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_push(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_range_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_read_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_rebase__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_receive_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_reflog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_remote(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -113,11 +217,14 @@ extern int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_revert(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_serve(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_shortlog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_show(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_show_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_show_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_status(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_stripspace(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_submodule__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_symbolic_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_tar_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -128,11 +235,13 @@ extern int cmd_update_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_update_server_info(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_upload_archive_writer(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_upload_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_var(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_verify_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_verify_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_version(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_whatchanged(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_worktree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_write_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_verify_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_show_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
diff --git a/builtin/add.c b/builtin/add.c
index 3390933d68..9916498a29 100644
--- a/builtin/add.c
+++ b/builtin/add.c
@@ -4,11 +4,12 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2006 Linus Torvalds
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "pathspec.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "bulk-checkin.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_add_usage[] = {
 	N_("git add [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."),
@@ -24,12 +26,28 @@ static const char * const builtin_add_usage[] = {
 };
 static int patch_interactive, add_interactive, edit_interactive;
 static int take_worktree_changes;
+static int add_renormalize;
 
 struct update_callback_data {
 	int flags;
 	int add_errors;
 };
 
+static void chmod_pathspec(struct pathspec *pathspec, char flip)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+
+		if (pathspec && !ce_path_match(&the_index, ce, pathspec, NULL))
+			continue;
+
+		if (chmod_cache_entry(ce, flip) < 0)
+			fprintf(stderr, "cannot chmod %cx '%s'\n", flip, ce->name);
+	}
+}
+
 static int fix_unmerged_status(struct diff_filepair *p,
 			       struct update_callback_data *data)
 {
@@ -65,7 +83,7 @@ static void update_callback(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 			die(_("unexpected diff status %c"), p->status);
 		case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
 		case DIFF_STATUS_TYPE_CHANGED:
-			if (add_file_to_index(&the_index, path, data->flags)) {
+			if (add_file_to_index(&the_index, path,	data->flags)) {
 				if (!(data->flags & ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_ERRORS))
 					die(_("updating files failed"));
 				data->add_errors++;
@@ -99,11 +117,32 @@ int add_files_to_cache(const char *prefix,
 	rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback = update_callback;
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = &data;
+	rev.diffopt.flags.override_submodule_config = 1;
 	rev.max_count = 0; /* do not compare unmerged paths with stage #2 */
 	run_diff_files(&rev, DIFF_RACY_IS_MODIFIED);
+	clear_pathspec(&rev.prune_data);
 	return !!data.add_errors;
 }
 
+static int renormalize_tracked_files(const struct pathspec *pathspec, int flags)
+{
+	int i, retval = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+
+		if (ce_stage(ce))
+			continue; /* do not touch unmerged paths */
+		if (!S_ISREG(ce->ce_mode) && !S_ISLNK(ce->ce_mode))
+			continue; /* do not touch non blobs */
+		if (pathspec && !ce_path_match(&the_index, ce, pathspec, NULL))
+			continue;
+		retval |= add_file_to_cache(ce->name, flags | HASH_RENORMALIZE);
+	}
+
+	return retval;
+}
+
 static char *prune_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, struct pathspec *pathspec, int prefix)
 {
 	char *seen;
@@ -116,11 +155,11 @@ static char *prune_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, struct pathspec *pathspec,
 	i = dir->nr;
 	while (--i >= 0) {
 		struct dir_entry *entry = *src++;
-		if (dir_path_match(entry, pathspec, prefix, seen))
+		if (dir_path_match(&the_index, entry, pathspec, prefix, seen))
 			*dst++ = entry;
 	}
 	dir->nr = dst - dir->entries;
-	add_pathspec_matches_against_index(pathspec, seen);
+	add_pathspec_matches_against_index(pathspec, &the_index, seen);
 	return seen;
 }
 
@@ -199,7 +238,7 @@ static int edit_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
 	rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 	rev.diffopt.use_color = 0;
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, IGNORE_DIRTY_SUBMODULES);
+	rev.diffopt.flags.ignore_dirty_submodules = 1;
 	out = open(file, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0666);
 	if (out < 0)
 		die(_("Could not open '%s' for writing."), file);
@@ -208,7 +247,8 @@ static int edit_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (run_diff_files(&rev, 0))
 		die(_("Could not write patch"));
 
-	launch_editor(file, NULL, NULL);
+	if (launch_editor(file, NULL, NULL))
+		die(_("editing patch failed"));
 
 	if (stat(file, &st))
 		die_errno(_("Could not stat '%s'"), file);
@@ -225,18 +265,19 @@ static int edit_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static struct lock_file lock_file;
-
 static const char ignore_error[] =
 N_("The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n");
 
 static int verbose, show_only, ignored_too, refresh_only;
 static int ignore_add_errors, intent_to_add, ignore_missing;
+static int warn_on_embedded_repo = 1;
 
 #define ADDREMOVE_DEFAULT 1
 static int addremove = ADDREMOVE_DEFAULT;
 static int addremove_explicit = -1; /* unspecified */
 
+static char *chmod_arg;
+
 static int ignore_removal_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
 	/* if we are told to ignore, we are not adding removals */
@@ -251,8 +292,9 @@ static struct option builtin_add_options[] = {
 	OPT_BOOL('i', "interactive", &add_interactive, N_("interactive picking")),
 	OPT_BOOL('p', "patch", &patch_interactive, N_("select hunks interactively")),
 	OPT_BOOL('e', "edit", &edit_interactive, N_("edit current diff and apply")),
-	OPT__FORCE(&ignored_too, N_("allow adding otherwise ignored files")),
+	OPT__FORCE(&ignored_too, N_("allow adding otherwise ignored files"), 0),
 	OPT_BOOL('u', "update", &take_worktree_changes, N_("update tracked files")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "renormalize", &add_renormalize, N_("renormalize EOL of tracked files (implies -u)")),
 	OPT_BOOL('N', "intent-to-add", &intent_to_add, N_("record only the fact that the path will be added later")),
 	OPT_BOOL('A', "all", &addremove_explicit, N_("add changes from all tracked and untracked files")),
 	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "ignore-removal", &addremove_explicit,
@@ -262,6 +304,10 @@ static struct option builtin_add_options[] = {
 	OPT_BOOL( 0 , "refresh", &refresh_only, N_("don't add, only refresh the index")),
 	OPT_BOOL( 0 , "ignore-errors", &ignore_add_errors, N_("just skip files which cannot be added because of errors")),
 	OPT_BOOL( 0 , "ignore-missing", &ignore_missing, N_("check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run")),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "chmod", &chmod_arg, "(+|-)x",
+		   N_("override the executable bit of the listed files")),
+	OPT_HIDDEN_BOOL(0, "warn-embedded-repo", &warn_on_embedded_repo,
+			N_("warn when adding an embedded repository")),
 	OPT_END(),
 };
 
@@ -275,6 +321,45 @@ static int add_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
+static const char embedded_advice[] = N_(
+"You've added another git repository inside your current repository.\n"
+"Clones of the outer repository will not contain the contents of\n"
+"the embedded repository and will not know how to obtain it.\n"
+"If you meant to add a submodule, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"	git submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If you added this path by mistake, you can remove it from the\n"
+"index with:\n"
+"\n"
+"	git rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"See \"git help submodule\" for more information."
+);
+
+static void check_embedded_repo(const char *path)
+{
+	struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!warn_on_embedded_repo)
+		return;
+	if (!ends_with(path, "/"))
+		return;
+
+	/* Drop trailing slash for aesthetics */
+	strbuf_addstr(&name, path);
+	strbuf_strip_suffix(&name, "/");
+
+	warning(_("adding embedded git repository: %s"), name.buf);
+	if (advice_add_embedded_repo) {
+		advise(embedded_advice, name.buf, name.buf);
+		/* there may be multiple entries; advise only once */
+		advice_add_embedded_repo = 0;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&name);
+}
+
 static int add_files(struct dir_struct *dir, int flags)
 {
 	int i, exit_status = 0;
@@ -287,12 +372,14 @@ static int add_files(struct dir_struct *dir, int flags)
 		exit_status = 1;
 	}
 
-	for (i = 0; i < dir->nr; i++)
-		if (add_file_to_cache(dir->entries[i]->name, flags)) {
+	for (i = 0; i < dir->nr; i++) {
+		check_embedded_repo(dir->entries[i]->name);
+		if (add_file_to_index(&the_index, dir->entries[i]->name, flags)) {
 			if (!ignore_add_errors)
 				die(_("adding files failed"));
 			exit_status = 1;
 		}
+	}
 	return exit_status;
 }
 
@@ -305,6 +392,7 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int add_new_files;
 	int require_pathspec;
 	char *seen = NULL;
+	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
 
 	git_config(add_config, NULL);
 
@@ -335,16 +423,14 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!show_only && ignore_missing)
 		die(_("Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"));
 
-	if ((0 < addremove_explicit || take_worktree_changes) && !argc) {
-		static const char *whole[2] = { ":/", NULL };
-		argc = 1;
-		argv = whole;
-	}
+	if (chmod_arg && ((chmod_arg[0] != '-' && chmod_arg[0] != '+') ||
+			  chmod_arg[1] != 'x' || chmod_arg[2]))
+		die(_("--chmod param '%s' must be either -x or +x"), chmod_arg);
 
-	add_new_files = !take_worktree_changes && !refresh_only;
-	require_pathspec = !take_worktree_changes;
+	add_new_files = !take_worktree_changes && !refresh_only && !add_renormalize;
+	require_pathspec = !(take_worktree_changes || (0 < addremove_explicit));
 
-	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
+	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 
 	flags = ((verbose ? ADD_CACHE_VERBOSE : 0) |
 		 (show_only ? ADD_CACHE_PRETEND : 0) |
@@ -362,19 +448,21 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		die(_("index file corrupt"));
 
+	die_in_unpopulated_submodule(&the_index, prefix);
+
 	/*
 	 * Check the "pathspec '%s' did not match any files" block
 	 * below before enabling new magic.
 	 */
 	parse_pathspec(&pathspec, 0,
 		       PATHSPEC_PREFER_FULL |
-		       PATHSPEC_SYMLINK_LEADING_PATH |
-		       PATHSPEC_STRIP_SUBMODULE_SLASH_EXPENSIVE,
+		       PATHSPEC_SYMLINK_LEADING_PATH,
 		       prefix, argv);
 
+	die_path_inside_submodule(&the_index, &pathspec);
+
 	if (add_new_files) {
 		int baselen;
-		struct pathspec empty_pathspec;
 
 		/* Set up the default git porcelain excludes */
 		memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
@@ -383,9 +471,8 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
 		}
 
-		memset(&empty_pathspec, 0, sizeof(empty_pathspec));
 		/* This picks up the paths that are not tracked */
-		baselen = fill_directory(&dir, &pathspec);
+		baselen = fill_directory(&dir, &the_index, &pathspec);
 		if (pathspec.nr)
 			seen = prune_directory(&dir, &pathspec, baselen);
 	}
@@ -399,7 +486,7 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		int i;
 
 		if (!seen)
-			seen = find_pathspecs_matching_against_index(&pathspec);
+			seen = find_pathspecs_matching_against_index(&pathspec, &the_index);
 
 		/*
 		 * file_exists() assumes exact match
@@ -421,8 +508,9 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			     !file_exists(path))) {
 				if (ignore_missing) {
 					int dtype = DT_UNKNOWN;
-					if (is_excluded(&dir, path, &dtype))
-						dir_add_ignored(&dir, path, pathspec.items[i].len);
+					if (is_excluded(&dir, &the_index, path, &dtype))
+						dir_add_ignored(&dir, &the_index,
+								path, pathspec.items[i].len);
 				} else
 					die(_("pathspec '%s' did not match any files"),
 					    pathspec.items[i].original);
@@ -433,18 +521,24 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	plug_bulk_checkin();
 
-	exit_status |= add_files_to_cache(prefix, &pathspec, flags);
+	if (add_renormalize)
+		exit_status |= renormalize_tracked_files(&pathspec, flags);
+	else
+		exit_status |= add_files_to_cache(prefix, &pathspec, flags);
 
 	if (add_new_files)
 		exit_status |= add_files(&dir, flags);
 
+	if (chmod_arg && pathspec.nr)
+		chmod_pathspec(&pathspec, chmod_arg[0]);
 	unplug_bulk_checkin();
 
 finish:
-	if (active_cache_changed) {
-		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
-			die(_("Unable to write new index file"));
-	}
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file,
+			       COMMIT_LOCK | SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED))
+		die(_("Unable to write new index file"));
 
+	UNLEAK(pathspec);
+	UNLEAK(dir);
 	return exit_status;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/am.c b/builtin/am.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9f7ecf6ecb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin/am.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2416 @@
+/*
+ * Builtin "git am"
+ *
+ * Based on git-am.sh by Junio C Hamano.
+ */
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "tempfile.h"
+#include "lockfile.h"
+#include "cache-tree.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "diffcore.h"
+#include "unpack-trees.h"
+#include "branch.h"
+#include "sequencer.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "merge-recursive.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "log-tree.h"
+#include "notes-utils.h"
+#include "rerere.h"
+#include "prompt.h"
+#include "mailinfo.h"
+#include "apply.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+
+/**
+ * Returns 1 if the file is empty or does not exist, 0 otherwise.
+ */
+static int is_empty_file(const char *filename)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+
+	if (stat(filename, &st) < 0) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT)
+			return 1;
+		die_errno(_("could not stat %s"), filename);
+	}
+
+	return !st.st_size;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns the length of the first line of msg.
+ */
+static int linelen(const char *msg)
+{
+	return strchrnul(msg, '\n') - msg;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns true if `str` consists of only whitespace, false otherwise.
+ */
+static int str_isspace(const char *str)
+{
+	for (; *str; str++)
+		if (!isspace(*str))
+			return 0;
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+enum patch_format {
+	PATCH_FORMAT_UNKNOWN = 0,
+	PATCH_FORMAT_MBOX,
+	PATCH_FORMAT_STGIT,
+	PATCH_FORMAT_STGIT_SERIES,
+	PATCH_FORMAT_HG,
+	PATCH_FORMAT_MBOXRD
+};
+
+enum keep_type {
+	KEEP_FALSE = 0,
+	KEEP_TRUE,      /* pass -k flag to git-mailinfo */
+	KEEP_NON_PATCH  /* pass -b flag to git-mailinfo */
+};
+
+enum scissors_type {
+	SCISSORS_UNSET = -1,
+	SCISSORS_FALSE = 0,  /* pass --no-scissors to git-mailinfo */
+	SCISSORS_TRUE        /* pass --scissors to git-mailinfo */
+};
+
+enum signoff_type {
+	SIGNOFF_FALSE = 0,
+	SIGNOFF_TRUE = 1,
+	SIGNOFF_EXPLICIT /* --signoff was set on the command-line */
+};
+
+struct am_state {
+	/* state directory path */
+	char *dir;
+
+	/* current and last patch numbers, 1-indexed */
+	int cur;
+	int last;
+
+	/* commit metadata and message */
+	char *author_name;
+	char *author_email;
+	char *author_date;
+	char *msg;
+	size_t msg_len;
+
+	/* when --rebasing, records the original commit the patch came from */
+	struct object_id orig_commit;
+
+	/* number of digits in patch filename */
+	int prec;
+
+	/* various operating modes and command line options */
+	int interactive;
+	int threeway;
+	int quiet;
+	int signoff; /* enum signoff_type */
+	int utf8;
+	int keep; /* enum keep_type */
+	int message_id;
+	int scissors; /* enum scissors_type */
+	struct argv_array git_apply_opts;
+	const char *resolvemsg;
+	int committer_date_is_author_date;
+	int ignore_date;
+	int allow_rerere_autoupdate;
+	const char *sign_commit;
+	int rebasing;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Initializes am_state with the default values.
+ */
+static void am_state_init(struct am_state *state)
+{
+	int gpgsign;
+
+	memset(state, 0, sizeof(*state));
+
+	state->dir = git_pathdup("rebase-apply");
+
+	state->prec = 4;
+
+	git_config_get_bool("am.threeway", &state->threeway);
+
+	state->utf8 = 1;
+
+	git_config_get_bool("am.messageid", &state->message_id);
+
+	state->scissors = SCISSORS_UNSET;
+
+	argv_array_init(&state->git_apply_opts);
+
+	if (!git_config_get_bool("commit.gpgsign", &gpgsign))
+		state->sign_commit = gpgsign ? "" : NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Releases memory allocated by an am_state.
+ */
+static void am_state_release(struct am_state *state)
+{
+	free(state->dir);
+	free(state->author_name);
+	free(state->author_email);
+	free(state->author_date);
+	free(state->msg);
+	argv_array_clear(&state->git_apply_opts);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns path relative to the am_state directory.
+ */
+static inline const char *am_path(const struct am_state *state, const char *path)
+{
+	return mkpath("%s/%s", state->dir, path);
+}
+
+/**
+ * For convenience to call write_file()
+ */
+static void write_state_text(const struct am_state *state,
+			     const char *name, const char *string)
+{
+	write_file(am_path(state, name), "%s", string);
+}
+
+static void write_state_count(const struct am_state *state,
+			      const char *name, int value)
+{
+	write_file(am_path(state, name), "%d", value);
+}
+
+static void write_state_bool(const struct am_state *state,
+			     const char *name, int value)
+{
+	write_state_text(state, name, value ? "t" : "f");
+}
+
+/**
+ * If state->quiet is false, calls fprintf(fp, fmt, ...), and appends a newline
+ * at the end.
+ */
+static void say(const struct am_state *state, FILE *fp, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	if (!state->quiet) {
+		vfprintf(fp, fmt, ap);
+		putc('\n', fp);
+	}
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns 1 if there is an am session in progress, 0 otherwise.
+ */
+static int am_in_progress(const struct am_state *state)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+
+	if (lstat(state->dir, &st) < 0 || !S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
+		return 0;
+	if (lstat(am_path(state, "last"), &st) || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+		return 0;
+	if (lstat(am_path(state, "next"), &st) || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+		return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reads the contents of `file` in the `state` directory into `sb`. Returns the
+ * number of bytes read on success, -1 if the file does not exist. If `trim` is
+ * set, trailing whitespace will be removed.
+ */
+static int read_state_file(struct strbuf *sb, const struct am_state *state,
+			const char *file, int trim)
+{
+	strbuf_reset(sb);
+
+	if (strbuf_read_file(sb, am_path(state, file), 0) >= 0) {
+		if (trim)
+			strbuf_trim(sb);
+
+		return sb->len;
+	}
+
+	if (errno == ENOENT)
+		return -1;
+
+	die_errno(_("could not read '%s'"), am_path(state, file));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Take a series of KEY='VALUE' lines where VALUE part is
+ * sq-quoted, and append <KEY, VALUE> at the end of the string list
+ */
+static int parse_key_value_squoted(char *buf, struct string_list *list)
+{
+	while (*buf) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+		char *np;
+		char *cp = strchr(buf, '=');
+		if (!cp)
+			return -1;
+		np = strchrnul(cp, '\n');
+		*cp++ = '\0';
+		item = string_list_append(list, buf);
+
+		buf = np + (*np == '\n');
+		*np = '\0';
+		cp = sq_dequote(cp);
+		if (!cp)
+			return -1;
+		item->util = xstrdup(cp);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reads and parses the state directory's "author-script" file, and sets
+ * state->author_name, state->author_email and state->author_date accordingly.
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 if the file could not be parsed.
+ *
+ * The author script is of the format:
+ *
+ *	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME='$author_name'
+ *	GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL='$author_email'
+ *	GIT_AUTHOR_DATE='$author_date'
+ *
+ * where $author_name, $author_email and $author_date are quoted. We are strict
+ * with our parsing, as the file was meant to be eval'd in the old git-am.sh
+ * script, and thus if the file differs from what this function expects, it is
+ * better to bail out than to do something that the user does not expect.
+ */
+static int read_author_script(struct am_state *state)
+{
+	const char *filename = am_path(state, "author-script");
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct string_list kv = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	int retval = -1; /* assume failure */
+	int fd;
+
+	assert(!state->author_name);
+	assert(!state->author_email);
+	assert(!state->author_date);
+
+	fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT)
+			return 0;
+		die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading"), filename);
+	}
+	strbuf_read(&buf, fd, 0);
+	close(fd);
+	if (parse_key_value_squoted(buf.buf, &kv))
+		goto finish;
+
+	if (kv.nr != 3 ||
+	    strcmp(kv.items[0].string, "GIT_AUTHOR_NAME") ||
+	    strcmp(kv.items[1].string, "GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL") ||
+	    strcmp(kv.items[2].string, "GIT_AUTHOR_DATE"))
+		goto finish;
+	state->author_name = kv.items[0].util;
+	state->author_email = kv.items[1].util;
+	state->author_date = kv.items[2].util;
+	retval = 0;
+finish:
+	string_list_clear(&kv, !!retval);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return retval;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Saves state->author_name, state->author_email and state->author_date in the
+ * state directory's "author-script" file.
+ */
+static void write_author_script(const struct am_state *state)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&sb, "GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=");
+	sq_quote_buf(&sb, state->author_name);
+	strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&sb, "GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=");
+	sq_quote_buf(&sb, state->author_email);
+	strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&sb, "GIT_AUTHOR_DATE=");
+	sq_quote_buf(&sb, state->author_date);
+	strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
+
+	write_state_text(state, "author-script", sb.buf);
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reads the commit message from the state directory's "final-commit" file,
+ * setting state->msg to its contents and state->msg_len to the length of its
+ * contents in bytes.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 if the file does not exist.
+ */
+static int read_commit_msg(struct am_state *state)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	assert(!state->msg);
+
+	if (read_state_file(&sb, state, "final-commit", 0) < 0) {
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	state->msg = strbuf_detach(&sb, &state->msg_len);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Saves state->msg in the state directory's "final-commit" file.
+ */
+static void write_commit_msg(const struct am_state *state)
+{
+	const char *filename = am_path(state, "final-commit");
+	write_file_buf(filename, state->msg, state->msg_len);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Loads state from disk.
+ */
+static void am_load(struct am_state *state)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (read_state_file(&sb, state, "next", 1) < 0)
+		BUG("state file 'next' does not exist");
+	state->cur = strtol(sb.buf, NULL, 10);
+
+	if (read_state_file(&sb, state, "last", 1) < 0)
+		BUG("state file 'last' does not exist");
+	state->last = strtol(sb.buf, NULL, 10);
+
+	if (read_author_script(state) < 0)
+		die(_("could not parse author script"));
+
+	read_commit_msg(state);
+
+	if (read_state_file(&sb, state, "original-commit", 1) < 0)
+		oidclr(&state->orig_commit);
+	else if (get_oid_hex(sb.buf, &state->orig_commit) < 0)
+		die(_("could not parse %s"), am_path(state, "original-commit"));
+
+	read_state_file(&sb, state, "threeway", 1);
+	state->threeway = !strcmp(sb.buf, "t");
+
+	read_state_file(&sb, state, "quiet", 1);
+	state->quiet = !strcmp(sb.buf, "t");
+
+	read_state_file(&sb, state, "sign", 1);
+	state->signoff = !strcmp(sb.buf, "t");
+
+	read_state_file(&sb, state, "utf8", 1);
+	state->utf8 = !strcmp(sb.buf, "t");
+
+	if (file_exists(am_path(state, "rerere-autoupdate"))) {
+		read_state_file(&sb, state, "rerere-autoupdate", 1);
+		state->allow_rerere_autoupdate = strcmp(sb.buf, "t") ?
+			RERERE_NOAUTOUPDATE : RERERE_AUTOUPDATE;
+	} else {
+		state->allow_rerere_autoupdate = 0;
+	}
+
+	read_state_file(&sb, state, "keep", 1);
+	if (!strcmp(sb.buf, "t"))
+		state->keep = KEEP_TRUE;
+	else if (!strcmp(sb.buf, "b"))
+		state->keep = KEEP_NON_PATCH;
+	else
+		state->keep = KEEP_FALSE;
+
+	read_state_file(&sb, state, "messageid", 1);
+	state->message_id = !strcmp(sb.buf, "t");
+
+	read_state_file(&sb, state, "scissors", 1);
+	if (!strcmp(sb.buf, "t"))
+		state->scissors = SCISSORS_TRUE;
+	else if (!strcmp(sb.buf, "f"))
+		state->scissors = SCISSORS_FALSE;
+	else
+		state->scissors = SCISSORS_UNSET;
+
+	read_state_file(&sb, state, "apply-opt", 1);
+	argv_array_clear(&state->git_apply_opts);
+	if (sq_dequote_to_argv_array(sb.buf, &state->git_apply_opts) < 0)
+		die(_("could not parse %s"), am_path(state, "apply-opt"));
+
+	state->rebasing = !!file_exists(am_path(state, "rebasing"));
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Removes the am_state directory, forcefully terminating the current am
+ * session.
+ */
+static void am_destroy(const struct am_state *state)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&sb, state->dir);
+	remove_dir_recursively(&sb, 0);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Runs applypatch-msg hook. Returns its exit code.
+ */
+static int run_applypatch_msg_hook(struct am_state *state)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	assert(state->msg);
+	ret = run_hook_le(NULL, "applypatch-msg", am_path(state, "final-commit"), NULL);
+
+	if (!ret) {
+		FREE_AND_NULL(state->msg);
+		if (read_commit_msg(state) < 0)
+			die(_("'%s' was deleted by the applypatch-msg hook"),
+				am_path(state, "final-commit"));
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Runs post-rewrite hook. Returns it exit code.
+ */
+static int run_post_rewrite_hook(const struct am_state *state)
+{
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	const char *hook = find_hook("post-rewrite");
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!hook)
+		return 0;
+
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, hook);
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, "rebase");
+
+	cp.in = xopen(am_path(state, "rewritten"), O_RDONLY);
+	cp.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+
+	ret = run_command(&cp);
+
+	close(cp.in);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reads the state directory's "rewritten" file, and copies notes from the old
+ * commits listed in the file to their rewritten commits.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int copy_notes_for_rebase(const struct am_state *state)
+{
+	struct notes_rewrite_cfg *c;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *invalid_line = _("Malformed input line: '%s'.");
+	const char *msg = "Notes added by 'git rebase'";
+	FILE *fp;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	assert(state->rebasing);
+
+	c = init_copy_notes_for_rewrite("rebase");
+	if (!c)
+		return 0;
+
+	fp = xfopen(am_path(state, "rewritten"), "r");
+
+	while (!strbuf_getline_lf(&sb, fp)) {
+		struct object_id from_obj, to_obj;
+
+		if (sb.len != GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ * 2 + 1) {
+			ret = error(invalid_line, sb.buf);
+			goto finish;
+		}
+
+		if (get_oid_hex(sb.buf, &from_obj)) {
+			ret = error(invalid_line, sb.buf);
+			goto finish;
+		}
+
+		if (sb.buf[GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ] != ' ') {
+			ret = error(invalid_line, sb.buf);
+			goto finish;
+		}
+
+		if (get_oid_hex(sb.buf + GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1, &to_obj)) {
+			ret = error(invalid_line, sb.buf);
+			goto finish;
+		}
+
+		if (copy_note_for_rewrite(c, &from_obj, &to_obj))
+			ret = error(_("Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"),
+					oid_to_hex(&from_obj), oid_to_hex(&to_obj));
+	}
+
+finish:
+	finish_copy_notes_for_rewrite(c, msg);
+	fclose(fp);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determines if the file looks like a piece of RFC2822 mail by grabbing all
+ * non-indented lines and checking if they look like they begin with valid
+ * header field names.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if the file looks like a piece of mail, 0 otherwise.
+ */
+static int is_mail(FILE *fp)
+{
+	const char *header_regex = "^[!-9;-~]+:";
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	regex_t regex;
+	int ret = 1;
+
+	if (fseek(fp, 0L, SEEK_SET))
+		die_errno(_("fseek failed"));
+
+	if (regcomp(&regex, header_regex, REG_NOSUB | REG_EXTENDED))
+		die("invalid pattern: %s", header_regex);
+
+	while (!strbuf_getline(&sb, fp)) {
+		if (!sb.len)
+			break; /* End of header */
+
+		/* Ignore indented folded lines */
+		if (*sb.buf == '\t' || *sb.buf == ' ')
+			continue;
+
+		/* It's a header if it matches header_regex */
+		if (regexec(&regex, sb.buf, 0, NULL, 0)) {
+			ret = 0;
+			goto done;
+		}
+	}
+
+done:
+	regfree(&regex);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Attempts to detect the patch_format of the patches contained in `paths`,
+ * returning the PATCH_FORMAT_* enum value. Returns PATCH_FORMAT_UNKNOWN if
+ * detection fails.
+ */
+static int detect_patch_format(const char **paths)
+{
+	enum patch_format ret = PATCH_FORMAT_UNKNOWN;
+	struct strbuf l1 = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf l2 = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf l3 = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *fp;
+
+	/*
+	 * We default to mbox format if input is from stdin and for directories
+	 */
+	if (!*paths || !strcmp(*paths, "-") || is_directory(*paths))
+		return PATCH_FORMAT_MBOX;
+
+	/*
+	 * Otherwise, check the first few lines of the first patch, starting
+	 * from the first non-blank line, to try to detect its format.
+	 */
+
+	fp = xfopen(*paths, "r");
+
+	while (!strbuf_getline(&l1, fp)) {
+		if (l1.len)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	if (starts_with(l1.buf, "From ") || starts_with(l1.buf, "From: ")) {
+		ret = PATCH_FORMAT_MBOX;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if (starts_with(l1.buf, "# This series applies on GIT commit")) {
+		ret = PATCH_FORMAT_STGIT_SERIES;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(l1.buf, "# HG changeset patch")) {
+		ret = PATCH_FORMAT_HG;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_getline(&l2, fp);
+	strbuf_getline(&l3, fp);
+
+	/*
+	 * If the second line is empty and the third is a From, Author or Date
+	 * entry, this is likely an StGit patch.
+	 */
+	if (l1.len && !l2.len &&
+		(starts_with(l3.buf, "From:") ||
+		 starts_with(l3.buf, "Author:") ||
+		 starts_with(l3.buf, "Date:"))) {
+		ret = PATCH_FORMAT_STGIT;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if (l1.len && is_mail(fp)) {
+		ret = PATCH_FORMAT_MBOX;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	fclose(fp);
+	strbuf_release(&l1);
+	strbuf_release(&l2);
+	strbuf_release(&l3);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Splits out individual email patches from `paths`, where each path is either
+ * a mbox file or a Maildir. Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int split_mail_mbox(struct am_state *state, const char **paths,
+				int keep_cr, int mboxrd)
+{
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	struct strbuf last = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret;
+
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, "mailsplit");
+	argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "-d%d", state->prec);
+	argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "-o%s", state->dir);
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, "-b");
+	if (keep_cr)
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, "--keep-cr");
+	if (mboxrd)
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, "--mboxrd");
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, "--");
+	argv_array_pushv(&cp.args, paths);
+
+	ret = capture_command(&cp, &last, 8);
+	if (ret)
+		goto exit;
+
+	state->cur = 1;
+	state->last = strtol(last.buf, NULL, 10);
+
+exit:
+	strbuf_release(&last);
+	return ret ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Callback signature for split_mail_conv(). The foreign patch should be
+ * read from `in`, and the converted patch (in RFC2822 mail format) should be
+ * written to `out`. Return 0 on success, or -1 on failure.
+ */
+typedef int (*mail_conv_fn)(FILE *out, FILE *in, int keep_cr);
+
+/**
+ * Calls `fn` for each file in `paths` to convert the foreign patch to the
+ * RFC2822 mail format suitable for parsing with git-mailinfo.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int split_mail_conv(mail_conv_fn fn, struct am_state *state,
+			const char **paths, int keep_cr)
+{
+	static const char *stdin_only[] = {"-", NULL};
+	int i;
+
+	if (!*paths)
+		paths = stdin_only;
+
+	for (i = 0; *paths; paths++, i++) {
+		FILE *in, *out;
+		const char *mail;
+		int ret;
+
+		if (!strcmp(*paths, "-"))
+			in = stdin;
+		else
+			in = fopen(*paths, "r");
+
+		if (!in)
+			return error_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading"),
+					   *paths);
+
+		mail = mkpath("%s/%0*d", state->dir, state->prec, i + 1);
+
+		out = fopen(mail, "w");
+		if (!out) {
+			if (in != stdin)
+				fclose(in);
+			return error_errno(_("could not open '%s' for writing"),
+					   mail);
+		}
+
+		ret = fn(out, in, keep_cr);
+
+		fclose(out);
+		if (in != stdin)
+			fclose(in);
+
+		if (ret)
+			return error(_("could not parse patch '%s'"), *paths);
+	}
+
+	state->cur = 1;
+	state->last = i;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * A split_mail_conv() callback that converts an StGit patch to an RFC2822
+ * message suitable for parsing with git-mailinfo.
+ */
+static int stgit_patch_to_mail(FILE *out, FILE *in, int keep_cr)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int subject_printed = 0;
+
+	while (!strbuf_getline_lf(&sb, in)) {
+		const char *str;
+
+		if (str_isspace(sb.buf))
+			continue;
+		else if (skip_prefix(sb.buf, "Author:", &str))
+			fprintf(out, "From:%s\n", str);
+		else if (starts_with(sb.buf, "From") || starts_with(sb.buf, "Date"))
+			fprintf(out, "%s\n", sb.buf);
+		else if (!subject_printed) {
+			fprintf(out, "Subject: %s\n", sb.buf);
+			subject_printed = 1;
+		} else {
+			fprintf(out, "\n%s\n", sb.buf);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	while (strbuf_fread(&sb, 8192, in) > 0) {
+		fwrite(sb.buf, 1, sb.len, out);
+		strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * This function only supports a single StGit series file in `paths`.
+ *
+ * Given an StGit series file, converts the StGit patches in the series into
+ * RFC2822 messages suitable for parsing with git-mailinfo, and queues them in
+ * the state directory.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int split_mail_stgit_series(struct am_state *state, const char **paths,
+					int keep_cr)
+{
+	const char *series_dir;
+	char *series_dir_buf;
+	FILE *fp;
+	struct argv_array patches = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!paths[0] || paths[1])
+		return error(_("Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"));
+
+	series_dir_buf = xstrdup(*paths);
+	series_dir = dirname(series_dir_buf);
+
+	fp = fopen(*paths, "r");
+	if (!fp)
+		return error_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading"), *paths);
+
+	while (!strbuf_getline_lf(&sb, fp)) {
+		if (*sb.buf == '#')
+			continue; /* skip comment lines */
+
+		argv_array_push(&patches, mkpath("%s/%s", series_dir, sb.buf));
+	}
+
+	fclose(fp);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	free(series_dir_buf);
+
+	ret = split_mail_conv(stgit_patch_to_mail, state, patches.argv, keep_cr);
+
+	argv_array_clear(&patches);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * A split_patches_conv() callback that converts a mercurial patch to a RFC2822
+ * message suitable for parsing with git-mailinfo.
+ */
+static int hg_patch_to_mail(FILE *out, FILE *in, int keep_cr)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int rc = 0;
+
+	while (!strbuf_getline_lf(&sb, in)) {
+		const char *str;
+
+		if (skip_prefix(sb.buf, "# User ", &str))
+			fprintf(out, "From: %s\n", str);
+		else if (skip_prefix(sb.buf, "# Date ", &str)) {
+			timestamp_t timestamp;
+			long tz, tz2;
+			char *end;
+
+			errno = 0;
+			timestamp = parse_timestamp(str, &end, 10);
+			if (errno) {
+				rc = error(_("invalid timestamp"));
+				goto exit;
+			}
+
+			if (!skip_prefix(end, " ", &str)) {
+				rc = error(_("invalid Date line"));
+				goto exit;
+			}
+
+			errno = 0;
+			tz = strtol(str, &end, 10);
+			if (errno) {
+				rc = error(_("invalid timezone offset"));
+				goto exit;
+			}
+
+			if (*end) {
+				rc = error(_("invalid Date line"));
+				goto exit;
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * mercurial's timezone is in seconds west of UTC,
+			 * however git's timezone is in hours + minutes east of
+			 * UTC. Convert it.
+			 */
+			tz2 = labs(tz) / 3600 * 100 + labs(tz) % 3600 / 60;
+			if (tz > 0)
+				tz2 = -tz2;
+
+			fprintf(out, "Date: %s\n", show_date(timestamp, tz2, DATE_MODE(RFC2822)));
+		} else if (starts_with(sb.buf, "# ")) {
+			continue;
+		} else {
+			fprintf(out, "\n%s\n", sb.buf);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	while (strbuf_fread(&sb, 8192, in) > 0) {
+		fwrite(sb.buf, 1, sb.len, out);
+		strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	}
+exit:
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Splits a list of files/directories into individual email patches. Each path
+ * in `paths` must be a file/directory that is formatted according to
+ * `patch_format`.
+ *
+ * Once split out, the individual email patches will be stored in the state
+ * directory, with each patch's filename being its index, padded to state->prec
+ * digits.
+ *
+ * state->cur will be set to the index of the first mail, and state->last will
+ * be set to the index of the last mail.
+ *
+ * Set keep_cr to 0 to convert all lines ending with \r\n to end with \n, 1
+ * to disable this behavior, -1 to use the default configured setting.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int split_mail(struct am_state *state, enum patch_format patch_format,
+			const char **paths, int keep_cr)
+{
+	if (keep_cr < 0) {
+		keep_cr = 0;
+		git_config_get_bool("am.keepcr", &keep_cr);
+	}
+
+	switch (patch_format) {
+	case PATCH_FORMAT_MBOX:
+		return split_mail_mbox(state, paths, keep_cr, 0);
+	case PATCH_FORMAT_STGIT:
+		return split_mail_conv(stgit_patch_to_mail, state, paths, keep_cr);
+	case PATCH_FORMAT_STGIT_SERIES:
+		return split_mail_stgit_series(state, paths, keep_cr);
+	case PATCH_FORMAT_HG:
+		return split_mail_conv(hg_patch_to_mail, state, paths, keep_cr);
+	case PATCH_FORMAT_MBOXRD:
+		return split_mail_mbox(state, paths, keep_cr, 1);
+	default:
+		BUG("invalid patch_format");
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Setup a new am session for applying patches
+ */
+static void am_setup(struct am_state *state, enum patch_format patch_format,
+			const char **paths, int keep_cr)
+{
+	struct object_id curr_head;
+	const char *str;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!patch_format)
+		patch_format = detect_patch_format(paths);
+
+	if (!patch_format) {
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Patch format detection failed."));
+		exit(128);
+	}
+
+	if (mkdir(state->dir, 0777) < 0 && errno != EEXIST)
+		die_errno(_("failed to create directory '%s'"), state->dir);
+	delete_ref(NULL, "REBASE_HEAD", NULL, REF_NO_DEREF);
+
+	if (split_mail(state, patch_format, paths, keep_cr) < 0) {
+		am_destroy(state);
+		die(_("Failed to split patches."));
+	}
+
+	if (state->rebasing)
+		state->threeway = 1;
+
+	write_state_bool(state, "threeway", state->threeway);
+	write_state_bool(state, "quiet", state->quiet);
+	write_state_bool(state, "sign", state->signoff);
+	write_state_bool(state, "utf8", state->utf8);
+
+	if (state->allow_rerere_autoupdate)
+		write_state_bool(state, "rerere-autoupdate",
+			 state->allow_rerere_autoupdate == RERERE_AUTOUPDATE);
+
+	switch (state->keep) {
+	case KEEP_FALSE:
+		str = "f";
+		break;
+	case KEEP_TRUE:
+		str = "t";
+		break;
+	case KEEP_NON_PATCH:
+		str = "b";
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG("invalid value for state->keep");
+	}
+
+	write_state_text(state, "keep", str);
+	write_state_bool(state, "messageid", state->message_id);
+
+	switch (state->scissors) {
+	case SCISSORS_UNSET:
+		str = "";
+		break;
+	case SCISSORS_FALSE:
+		str = "f";
+		break;
+	case SCISSORS_TRUE:
+		str = "t";
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG("invalid value for state->scissors");
+	}
+	write_state_text(state, "scissors", str);
+
+	sq_quote_argv(&sb, state->git_apply_opts.argv);
+	write_state_text(state, "apply-opt", sb.buf);
+
+	if (state->rebasing)
+		write_state_text(state, "rebasing", "");
+	else
+		write_state_text(state, "applying", "");
+
+	if (!get_oid("HEAD", &curr_head)) {
+		write_state_text(state, "abort-safety", oid_to_hex(&curr_head));
+		if (!state->rebasing)
+			update_ref("am", "ORIG_HEAD", &curr_head, NULL, 0,
+				   UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
+	} else {
+		write_state_text(state, "abort-safety", "");
+		if (!state->rebasing)
+			delete_ref(NULL, "ORIG_HEAD", NULL, 0);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * NOTE: Since the "next" and "last" files determine if an am_state
+	 * session is in progress, they should be written last.
+	 */
+
+	write_state_count(state, "next", state->cur);
+	write_state_count(state, "last", state->last);
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Increments the patch pointer, and cleans am_state for the application of the
+ * next patch.
+ */
+static void am_next(struct am_state *state)
+{
+	struct object_id head;
+
+	FREE_AND_NULL(state->author_name);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(state->author_email);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(state->author_date);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(state->msg);
+	state->msg_len = 0;
+
+	unlink(am_path(state, "author-script"));
+	unlink(am_path(state, "final-commit"));
+
+	oidclr(&state->orig_commit);
+	unlink(am_path(state, "original-commit"));
+	delete_ref(NULL, "REBASE_HEAD", NULL, REF_NO_DEREF);
+
+	if (!get_oid("HEAD", &head))
+		write_state_text(state, "abort-safety", oid_to_hex(&head));
+	else
+		write_state_text(state, "abort-safety", "");
+
+	state->cur++;
+	write_state_count(state, "next", state->cur);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns the filename of the current patch email.
+ */
+static const char *msgnum(const struct am_state *state)
+{
+	static struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%0*d", state->prec, state->cur);
+
+	return sb.buf;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Refresh and write index.
+ */
+static void refresh_and_write_cache(void)
+{
+	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
+
+	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
+		die(_("unable to write index file"));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Dies with a user-friendly message on how to proceed after resolving the
+ * problem. This message can be overridden with state->resolvemsg.
+ */
+static void NORETURN die_user_resolve(const struct am_state *state)
+{
+	if (state->resolvemsg) {
+		printf_ln("%s", state->resolvemsg);
+	} else {
+		const char *cmdline = state->interactive ? "git am -i" : "git am";
+
+		printf_ln(_("When you have resolved this problem, run \"%s --continue\"."), cmdline);
+		printf_ln(_("If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"%s --skip\" instead."), cmdline);
+		printf_ln(_("To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"%s --abort\"."), cmdline);
+	}
+
+	exit(128);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Appends signoff to the "msg" field of the am_state.
+ */
+static void am_append_signoff(struct am_state *state)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_attach(&sb, state->msg, state->msg_len, state->msg_len);
+	append_signoff(&sb, 0, 0);
+	state->msg = strbuf_detach(&sb, &state->msg_len);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parses `mail` using git-mailinfo, extracting its patch and authorship info.
+ * state->msg will be set to the patch message. state->author_name,
+ * state->author_email and state->author_date will be set to the patch author's
+ * name, email and date respectively. The patch body will be written to the
+ * state directory's "patch" file.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if the patch should be skipped, 0 otherwise.
+ */
+static int parse_mail(struct am_state *state, const char *mail)
+{
+	FILE *fp;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf author_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf author_date = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf author_email = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct mailinfo mi;
+
+	setup_mailinfo(&mi);
+
+	if (state->utf8)
+		mi.metainfo_charset = get_commit_output_encoding();
+	else
+		mi.metainfo_charset = NULL;
+
+	switch (state->keep) {
+	case KEEP_FALSE:
+		break;
+	case KEEP_TRUE:
+		mi.keep_subject = 1;
+		break;
+	case KEEP_NON_PATCH:
+		mi.keep_non_patch_brackets_in_subject = 1;
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG("invalid value for state->keep");
+	}
+
+	if (state->message_id)
+		mi.add_message_id = 1;
+
+	switch (state->scissors) {
+	case SCISSORS_UNSET:
+		break;
+	case SCISSORS_FALSE:
+		mi.use_scissors = 0;
+		break;
+	case SCISSORS_TRUE:
+		mi.use_scissors = 1;
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG("invalid value for state->scissors");
+	}
+
+	mi.input = xfopen(mail, "r");
+	mi.output = xfopen(am_path(state, "info"), "w");
+	if (mailinfo(&mi, am_path(state, "msg"), am_path(state, "patch")))
+		die("could not parse patch");
+
+	fclose(mi.input);
+	fclose(mi.output);
+
+	/* Extract message and author information */
+	fp = xfopen(am_path(state, "info"), "r");
+	while (!strbuf_getline_lf(&sb, fp)) {
+		const char *x;
+
+		if (skip_prefix(sb.buf, "Subject: ", &x)) {
+			if (msg.len)
+				strbuf_addch(&msg, '\n');
+			strbuf_addstr(&msg, x);
+		} else if (skip_prefix(sb.buf, "Author: ", &x))
+			strbuf_addstr(&author_name, x);
+		else if (skip_prefix(sb.buf, "Email: ", &x))
+			strbuf_addstr(&author_email, x);
+		else if (skip_prefix(sb.buf, "Date: ", &x))
+			strbuf_addstr(&author_date, x);
+	}
+	fclose(fp);
+
+	/* Skip pine's internal folder data */
+	if (!strcmp(author_name.buf, "Mail System Internal Data")) {
+		ret = 1;
+		goto finish;
+	}
+
+	if (is_empty_file(am_path(state, "patch"))) {
+		printf_ln(_("Patch is empty."));
+		die_user_resolve(state);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&msg, "\n\n");
+	strbuf_addbuf(&msg, &mi.log_message);
+	strbuf_stripspace(&msg, 0);
+
+	assert(!state->author_name);
+	state->author_name = strbuf_detach(&author_name, NULL);
+
+	assert(!state->author_email);
+	state->author_email = strbuf_detach(&author_email, NULL);
+
+	assert(!state->author_date);
+	state->author_date = strbuf_detach(&author_date, NULL);
+
+	assert(!state->msg);
+	state->msg = strbuf_detach(&msg, &state->msg_len);
+
+finish:
+	strbuf_release(&msg);
+	strbuf_release(&author_date);
+	strbuf_release(&author_email);
+	strbuf_release(&author_name);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	clear_mailinfo(&mi);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sets commit_id to the commit hash where the mail was generated from.
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int get_mail_commit_oid(struct object_id *commit_id, const char *mail)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *fp = xfopen(mail, "r");
+	const char *x;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (strbuf_getline_lf(&sb, fp) ||
+	    !skip_prefix(sb.buf, "From ", &x) ||
+	    get_oid_hex(x, commit_id) < 0)
+		ret = -1;
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	fclose(fp);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sets state->msg, state->author_name, state->author_email, state->author_date
+ * to the commit's respective info.
+ */
+static void get_commit_info(struct am_state *state, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	const char *buffer, *ident_line, *msg;
+	size_t ident_len;
+	struct ident_split id;
+
+	buffer = logmsg_reencode(commit, NULL, get_commit_output_encoding());
+
+	ident_line = find_commit_header(buffer, "author", &ident_len);
+
+	if (split_ident_line(&id, ident_line, ident_len) < 0)
+		die(_("invalid ident line: %.*s"), (int)ident_len, ident_line);
+
+	assert(!state->author_name);
+	if (id.name_begin)
+		state->author_name =
+			xmemdupz(id.name_begin, id.name_end - id.name_begin);
+	else
+		state->author_name = xstrdup("");
+
+	assert(!state->author_email);
+	if (id.mail_begin)
+		state->author_email =
+			xmemdupz(id.mail_begin, id.mail_end - id.mail_begin);
+	else
+		state->author_email = xstrdup("");
+
+	assert(!state->author_date);
+	state->author_date = xstrdup(show_ident_date(&id, DATE_MODE(NORMAL)));
+
+	assert(!state->msg);
+	msg = strstr(buffer, "\n\n");
+	if (!msg)
+		die(_("unable to parse commit %s"), oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
+	state->msg = xstrdup(msg + 2);
+	state->msg_len = strlen(state->msg);
+	unuse_commit_buffer(commit, buffer);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Writes `commit` as a patch to the state directory's "patch" file.
+ */
+static void write_commit_patch(const struct am_state *state, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct rev_info rev_info;
+	FILE *fp;
+
+	fp = xfopen(am_path(state, "patch"), "w");
+	init_revisions(&rev_info, NULL);
+	rev_info.diff = 1;
+	rev_info.abbrev = 0;
+	rev_info.disable_stdin = 1;
+	rev_info.show_root_diff = 1;
+	rev_info.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
+	rev_info.no_commit_id = 1;
+	rev_info.diffopt.flags.binary = 1;
+	rev_info.diffopt.flags.full_index = 1;
+	rev_info.diffopt.use_color = 0;
+	rev_info.diffopt.file = fp;
+	rev_info.diffopt.close_file = 1;
+	add_pending_object(&rev_info, &commit->object, "");
+	diff_setup_done(&rev_info.diffopt);
+	log_tree_commit(&rev_info, commit);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Writes the diff of the index against HEAD as a patch to the state
+ * directory's "patch" file.
+ */
+static void write_index_patch(const struct am_state *state)
+{
+	struct tree *tree;
+	struct object_id head;
+	struct rev_info rev_info;
+	FILE *fp;
+
+	if (!get_oid_tree("HEAD", &head))
+		tree = lookup_tree(the_repository, &head);
+	else
+		tree = lookup_tree(the_repository,
+				   the_repository->hash_algo->empty_tree);
+
+	fp = xfopen(am_path(state, "patch"), "w");
+	init_revisions(&rev_info, NULL);
+	rev_info.diff = 1;
+	rev_info.disable_stdin = 1;
+	rev_info.no_commit_id = 1;
+	rev_info.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
+	rev_info.diffopt.use_color = 0;
+	rev_info.diffopt.file = fp;
+	rev_info.diffopt.close_file = 1;
+	add_pending_object(&rev_info, &tree->object, "");
+	diff_setup_done(&rev_info.diffopt);
+	run_diff_index(&rev_info, 1);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Like parse_mail(), but parses the mail by looking up its commit ID
+ * directly. This is used in --rebasing mode to bypass git-mailinfo's munging
+ * of patches.
+ *
+ * state->orig_commit will be set to the original commit ID.
+ *
+ * Will always return 0 as the patch should never be skipped.
+ */
+static int parse_mail_rebase(struct am_state *state, const char *mail)
+{
+	struct commit *commit;
+	struct object_id commit_oid;
+
+	if (get_mail_commit_oid(&commit_oid, mail) < 0)
+		die(_("could not parse %s"), mail);
+
+	commit = lookup_commit_or_die(&commit_oid, mail);
+
+	get_commit_info(state, commit);
+
+	write_commit_patch(state, commit);
+
+	oidcpy(&state->orig_commit, &commit_oid);
+	write_state_text(state, "original-commit", oid_to_hex(&commit_oid));
+	update_ref("am", "REBASE_HEAD", &commit_oid,
+		   NULL, REF_NO_DEREF, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Applies current patch with git-apply. Returns 0 on success, -1 otherwise. If
+ * `index_file` is not NULL, the patch will be applied to that index.
+ */
+static int run_apply(const struct am_state *state, const char *index_file)
+{
+	struct argv_array apply_paths = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct argv_array apply_opts = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct apply_state apply_state;
+	int res, opts_left;
+	int force_apply = 0;
+	int options = 0;
+
+	if (init_apply_state(&apply_state, the_repository, NULL))
+		BUG("init_apply_state() failed");
+
+	argv_array_push(&apply_opts, "apply");
+	argv_array_pushv(&apply_opts, state->git_apply_opts.argv);
+
+	opts_left = apply_parse_options(apply_opts.argc, apply_opts.argv,
+					&apply_state, &force_apply, &options,
+					NULL);
+
+	if (opts_left != 0)
+		die("unknown option passed through to git apply");
+
+	if (index_file) {
+		apply_state.index_file = index_file;
+		apply_state.cached = 1;
+	} else
+		apply_state.check_index = 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we are allowed to fall back on 3-way merge, don't give false
+	 * errors during the initial attempt.
+	 */
+	if (state->threeway && !index_file)
+		apply_state.apply_verbosity = verbosity_silent;
+
+	if (check_apply_state(&apply_state, force_apply))
+		BUG("check_apply_state() failed");
+
+	argv_array_push(&apply_paths, am_path(state, "patch"));
+
+	res = apply_all_patches(&apply_state, apply_paths.argc, apply_paths.argv, options);
+
+	argv_array_clear(&apply_paths);
+	argv_array_clear(&apply_opts);
+	clear_apply_state(&apply_state);
+
+	if (res)
+		return res;
+
+	if (index_file) {
+		/* Reload index as apply_all_patches() will have modified it. */
+		discard_cache();
+		read_cache_from(index_file);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Builds an index that contains just the blobs needed for a 3way merge.
+ */
+static int build_fake_ancestor(const struct am_state *state, const char *index_file)
+{
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, "apply");
+	argv_array_pushv(&cp.args, state->git_apply_opts.argv);
+	argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "--build-fake-ancestor=%s", index_file);
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, am_path(state, "patch"));
+
+	if (run_command(&cp))
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Attempt a threeway merge, using index_path as the temporary index.
+ */
+static int fall_back_threeway(const struct am_state *state, const char *index_path)
+{
+	struct object_id orig_tree, their_tree, our_tree;
+	const struct object_id *bases[1] = { &orig_tree };
+	struct merge_options o;
+	struct commit *result;
+	char *their_tree_name;
+
+	if (get_oid("HEAD", &our_tree) < 0)
+		oidcpy(&our_tree, the_hash_algo->empty_tree);
+
+	if (build_fake_ancestor(state, index_path))
+		return error("could not build fake ancestor");
+
+	discard_cache();
+	read_cache_from(index_path);
+
+	if (write_index_as_tree(&orig_tree, &the_index, index_path, 0, NULL))
+		return error(_("Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."));
+
+	say(state, stdout, _("Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."));
+
+	if (!state->quiet) {
+		/*
+		 * List paths that needed 3-way fallback, so that the user can
+		 * review them with extra care to spot mismerges.
+		 */
+		struct rev_info rev_info;
+		const char *diff_filter_str = "--diff-filter=AM";
+
+		init_revisions(&rev_info, NULL);
+		rev_info.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS;
+		diff_opt_parse(&rev_info.diffopt, &diff_filter_str, 1, rev_info.prefix);
+		add_pending_oid(&rev_info, "HEAD", &our_tree, 0);
+		diff_setup_done(&rev_info.diffopt);
+		run_diff_index(&rev_info, 1);
+	}
+
+	if (run_apply(state, index_path))
+		return error(_("Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+				"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."));
+
+	if (write_index_as_tree(&their_tree, &the_index, index_path, 0, NULL))
+		return error("could not write tree");
+
+	say(state, stdout, _("Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."));
+
+	discard_cache();
+	read_cache();
+
+	/*
+	 * This is not so wrong. Depending on which base we picked, orig_tree
+	 * may be wildly different from ours, but their_tree has the same set of
+	 * wildly different changes in parts the patch did not touch, so
+	 * recursive ends up canceling them, saying that we reverted all those
+	 * changes.
+	 */
+
+	init_merge_options(&o);
+
+	o.branch1 = "HEAD";
+	their_tree_name = xstrfmt("%.*s", linelen(state->msg), state->msg);
+	o.branch2 = their_tree_name;
+
+	if (state->quiet)
+		o.verbosity = 0;
+
+	if (merge_recursive_generic(&o, &our_tree, &their_tree, 1, bases, &result)) {
+		rerere(state->allow_rerere_autoupdate);
+		free(their_tree_name);
+		return error(_("Failed to merge in the changes."));
+	}
+
+	free(their_tree_name);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Commits the current index with state->msg as the commit message and
+ * state->author_name, state->author_email and state->author_date as the author
+ * information.
+ */
+static void do_commit(const struct am_state *state)
+{
+	struct object_id tree, parent, commit;
+	const struct object_id *old_oid;
+	struct commit_list *parents = NULL;
+	const char *reflog_msg, *author;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (run_hook_le(NULL, "pre-applypatch", NULL))
+		exit(1);
+
+	if (write_cache_as_tree(&tree, 0, NULL))
+		die(_("git write-tree failed to write a tree"));
+
+	if (!get_oid_commit("HEAD", &parent)) {
+		old_oid = &parent;
+		commit_list_insert(lookup_commit(the_repository, &parent),
+				   &parents);
+	} else {
+		old_oid = NULL;
+		say(state, stderr, _("applying to an empty history"));
+	}
+
+	author = fmt_ident(state->author_name, state->author_email,
+			state->ignore_date ? NULL : state->author_date,
+			IDENT_STRICT);
+
+	if (state->committer_date_is_author_date)
+		setenv("GIT_COMMITTER_DATE",
+			state->ignore_date ? "" : state->author_date, 1);
+
+	if (commit_tree(state->msg, state->msg_len, &tree, parents, &commit,
+			author, state->sign_commit))
+		die(_("failed to write commit object"));
+
+	reflog_msg = getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION");
+	if (!reflog_msg)
+		reflog_msg = "am";
+
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s: %.*s", reflog_msg, linelen(state->msg),
+			state->msg);
+
+	update_ref(sb.buf, "HEAD", &commit, old_oid, 0,
+		   UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
+
+	if (state->rebasing) {
+		FILE *fp = xfopen(am_path(state, "rewritten"), "a");
+
+		assert(!is_null_oid(&state->orig_commit));
+		fprintf(fp, "%s ", oid_to_hex(&state->orig_commit));
+		fprintf(fp, "%s\n", oid_to_hex(&commit));
+		fclose(fp);
+	}
+
+	run_hook_le(NULL, "post-applypatch", NULL);
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validates the am_state for resuming -- the "msg" and authorship fields must
+ * be filled up.
+ */
+static void validate_resume_state(const struct am_state *state)
+{
+	if (!state->msg)
+		die(_("cannot resume: %s does not exist."),
+			am_path(state, "final-commit"));
+
+	if (!state->author_name || !state->author_email || !state->author_date)
+		die(_("cannot resume: %s does not exist."),
+			am_path(state, "author-script"));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Interactively prompt the user on whether the current patch should be
+ * applied.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 if the user chooses to apply the patch, 1 if the user chooses to
+ * skip it.
+ */
+static int do_interactive(struct am_state *state)
+{
+	assert(state->msg);
+
+	if (!isatty(0))
+		die(_("cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."));
+
+	for (;;) {
+		const char *reply;
+
+		puts(_("Commit Body is:"));
+		puts("--------------------------");
+		printf("%s", state->msg);
+		puts("--------------------------");
+
+		/*
+		 * TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+		 * in your translation. The program will only accept English
+		 * input at this point.
+		 */
+		reply = git_prompt(_("Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all: "), PROMPT_ECHO);
+
+		if (!reply) {
+			continue;
+		} else if (*reply == 'y' || *reply == 'Y') {
+			return 0;
+		} else if (*reply == 'a' || *reply == 'A') {
+			state->interactive = 0;
+			return 0;
+		} else if (*reply == 'n' || *reply == 'N') {
+			return 1;
+		} else if (*reply == 'e' || *reply == 'E') {
+			struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+			if (!launch_editor(am_path(state, "final-commit"), &msg, NULL)) {
+				free(state->msg);
+				state->msg = strbuf_detach(&msg, &state->msg_len);
+			}
+			strbuf_release(&msg);
+		} else if (*reply == 'v' || *reply == 'V') {
+			const char *pager = git_pager(1);
+			struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+			if (!pager)
+				pager = "cat";
+			prepare_pager_args(&cp, pager);
+			argv_array_push(&cp.args, am_path(state, "patch"));
+			run_command(&cp);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Applies all queued mail.
+ *
+ * If `resume` is true, we are "resuming". The "msg" and authorship fields, as
+ * well as the state directory's "patch" file is used as-is for applying the
+ * patch and committing it.
+ */
+static void am_run(struct am_state *state, int resume)
+{
+	const char *argv_gc_auto[] = {"gc", "--auto", NULL};
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	unlink(am_path(state, "dirtyindex"));
+
+	refresh_and_write_cache();
+
+	if (index_has_changes(&the_index, NULL, &sb)) {
+		write_state_bool(state, "dirtyindex", 1);
+		die(_("Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: %s)"), sb.buf);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+	while (state->cur <= state->last) {
+		const char *mail = am_path(state, msgnum(state));
+		int apply_status;
+
+		reset_ident_date();
+
+		if (!file_exists(mail))
+			goto next;
+
+		if (resume) {
+			validate_resume_state(state);
+		} else {
+			int skip;
+
+			if (state->rebasing)
+				skip = parse_mail_rebase(state, mail);
+			else
+				skip = parse_mail(state, mail);
+
+			if (skip)
+				goto next; /* mail should be skipped */
+
+			if (state->signoff)
+				am_append_signoff(state);
+
+			write_author_script(state);
+			write_commit_msg(state);
+		}
+
+		if (state->interactive && do_interactive(state))
+			goto next;
+
+		if (run_applypatch_msg_hook(state))
+			exit(1);
+
+		say(state, stdout, _("Applying: %.*s"), linelen(state->msg), state->msg);
+
+		apply_status = run_apply(state, NULL);
+
+		if (apply_status && state->threeway) {
+			struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+			strbuf_addstr(&sb, am_path(state, "patch-merge-index"));
+			apply_status = fall_back_threeway(state, sb.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+			/*
+			 * Applying the patch to an earlier tree and merging
+			 * the result may have produced the same tree as ours.
+			 */
+			if (!apply_status &&
+			    !index_has_changes(&the_index, NULL, NULL)) {
+				say(state, stdout, _("No changes -- Patch already applied."));
+				goto next;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (apply_status) {
+			printf_ln(_("Patch failed at %s %.*s"), msgnum(state),
+				linelen(state->msg), state->msg);
+
+			if (advice_amworkdir)
+				advise(_("Use 'git am --show-current-patch' to see the failed patch"));
+
+			die_user_resolve(state);
+		}
+
+		do_commit(state);
+
+next:
+		am_next(state);
+
+		if (resume)
+			am_load(state);
+		resume = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!is_empty_file(am_path(state, "rewritten"))) {
+		assert(state->rebasing);
+		copy_notes_for_rebase(state);
+		run_post_rewrite_hook(state);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * In rebasing mode, it's up to the caller to take care of
+	 * housekeeping.
+	 */
+	if (!state->rebasing) {
+		am_destroy(state);
+		close_all_packs(the_repository->objects);
+		run_command_v_opt(argv_gc_auto, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resume the current am session after patch application failure. The user did
+ * all the hard work, and we do not have to do any patch application. Just
+ * trust and commit what the user has in the index and working tree.
+ */
+static void am_resolve(struct am_state *state)
+{
+	validate_resume_state(state);
+
+	say(state, stdout, _("Applying: %.*s"), linelen(state->msg), state->msg);
+
+	if (!index_has_changes(&the_index, NULL, NULL)) {
+		printf_ln(_("No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+			"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+			"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."));
+		die_user_resolve(state);
+	}
+
+	if (unmerged_cache()) {
+		printf_ln(_("You still have unmerged paths in your index.\n"
+			"You should 'git add' each file with resolved conflicts to mark them as such.\n"
+			"You might run `git rm` on a file to accept \"deleted by them\" for it."));
+		die_user_resolve(state);
+	}
+
+	if (state->interactive) {
+		write_index_patch(state);
+		if (do_interactive(state))
+			goto next;
+	}
+
+	rerere(0);
+
+	do_commit(state);
+
+next:
+	am_next(state);
+	am_load(state);
+	am_run(state, 0);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Performs a checkout fast-forward from `head` to `remote`. If `reset` is
+ * true, any unmerged entries will be discarded. Returns 0 on success, -1 on
+ * failure.
+ */
+static int fast_forward_to(struct tree *head, struct tree *remote, int reset)
+{
+	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
+	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
+	struct tree_desc t[2];
+
+	if (parse_tree(head) || parse_tree(remote))
+		return -1;
+
+	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+
+	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
+
+	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+	opts.head_idx = 1;
+	opts.src_index = &the_index;
+	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
+	opts.update = 1;
+	opts.merge = 1;
+	opts.reset = reset;
+	opts.fn = twoway_merge;
+	init_tree_desc(&t[0], head->buffer, head->size);
+	init_tree_desc(&t[1], remote->buffer, remote->size);
+
+	if (unpack_trees(2, t, &opts)) {
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock_file);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
+		die(_("unable to write new index file"));
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Merges a tree into the index. The index's stat info will take precedence
+ * over the merged tree's. Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int merge_tree(struct tree *tree)
+{
+	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
+	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
+	struct tree_desc t[1];
+
+	if (parse_tree(tree))
+		return -1;
+
+	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+
+	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+	opts.head_idx = 1;
+	opts.src_index = &the_index;
+	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
+	opts.merge = 1;
+	opts.fn = oneway_merge;
+	init_tree_desc(&t[0], tree->buffer, tree->size);
+
+	if (unpack_trees(1, t, &opts)) {
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock_file);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
+		die(_("unable to write new index file"));
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Clean the index without touching entries that are not modified between
+ * `head` and `remote`.
+ */
+static int clean_index(const struct object_id *head, const struct object_id *remote)
+{
+	struct tree *head_tree, *remote_tree, *index_tree;
+	struct object_id index;
+
+	head_tree = parse_tree_indirect(head);
+	if (!head_tree)
+		return error(_("Could not parse object '%s'."), oid_to_hex(head));
+
+	remote_tree = parse_tree_indirect(remote);
+	if (!remote_tree)
+		return error(_("Could not parse object '%s'."), oid_to_hex(remote));
+
+	read_cache_unmerged();
+
+	if (fast_forward_to(head_tree, head_tree, 1))
+		return -1;
+
+	if (write_cache_as_tree(&index, 0, NULL))
+		return -1;
+
+	index_tree = parse_tree_indirect(&index);
+	if (!index_tree)
+		return error(_("Could not parse object '%s'."), oid_to_hex(&index));
+
+	if (fast_forward_to(index_tree, remote_tree, 0))
+		return -1;
+
+	if (merge_tree(remote_tree))
+		return -1;
+
+	remove_branch_state();
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resets rerere's merge resolution metadata.
+ */
+static void am_rerere_clear(void)
+{
+	struct string_list merge_rr = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	rerere_clear(&merge_rr);
+	string_list_clear(&merge_rr, 1);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resume the current am session by skipping the current patch.
+ */
+static void am_skip(struct am_state *state)
+{
+	struct object_id head;
+
+	am_rerere_clear();
+
+	if (get_oid("HEAD", &head))
+		oidcpy(&head, the_hash_algo->empty_tree);
+
+	if (clean_index(&head, &head))
+		die(_("failed to clean index"));
+
+	am_next(state);
+	am_load(state);
+	am_run(state, 0);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns true if it is safe to reset HEAD to the ORIG_HEAD, false otherwise.
+ *
+ * It is not safe to reset HEAD when:
+ * 1. git-am previously failed because the index was dirty.
+ * 2. HEAD has moved since git-am previously failed.
+ */
+static int safe_to_abort(const struct am_state *state)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct object_id abort_safety, head;
+
+	if (file_exists(am_path(state, "dirtyindex")))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (read_state_file(&sb, state, "abort-safety", 1) > 0) {
+		if (get_oid_hex(sb.buf, &abort_safety))
+			die(_("could not parse %s"), am_path(state, "abort-safety"));
+	} else
+		oidclr(&abort_safety);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+	if (get_oid("HEAD", &head))
+		oidclr(&head);
+
+	if (!oidcmp(&head, &abort_safety))
+		return 1;
+
+	warning(_("You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+		"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"));
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Aborts the current am session if it is safe to do so.
+ */
+static void am_abort(struct am_state *state)
+{
+	struct object_id curr_head, orig_head;
+	int has_curr_head, has_orig_head;
+	char *curr_branch;
+
+	if (!safe_to_abort(state)) {
+		am_destroy(state);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	am_rerere_clear();
+
+	curr_branch = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, &curr_head, NULL);
+	has_curr_head = curr_branch && !is_null_oid(&curr_head);
+	if (!has_curr_head)
+		oidcpy(&curr_head, the_hash_algo->empty_tree);
+
+	has_orig_head = !get_oid("ORIG_HEAD", &orig_head);
+	if (!has_orig_head)
+		oidcpy(&orig_head, the_hash_algo->empty_tree);
+
+	clean_index(&curr_head, &orig_head);
+
+	if (has_orig_head)
+		update_ref("am --abort", "HEAD", &orig_head,
+			   has_curr_head ? &curr_head : NULL, 0,
+			   UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
+	else if (curr_branch)
+		delete_ref(NULL, curr_branch, NULL, REF_NO_DEREF);
+
+	free(curr_branch);
+	am_destroy(state);
+}
+
+static int show_patch(struct am_state *state)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *patch_path;
+	int len;
+
+	if (!is_null_oid(&state->orig_commit)) {
+		const char *av[4] = { "show", NULL, "--", NULL };
+		char *new_oid_str;
+		int ret;
+
+		av[1] = new_oid_str = xstrdup(oid_to_hex(&state->orig_commit));
+		ret = run_command_v_opt(av, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+		free(new_oid_str);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	patch_path = am_path(state, msgnum(state));
+	len = strbuf_read_file(&sb, patch_path, 0);
+	if (len < 0)
+		die_errno(_("failed to read '%s'"), patch_path);
+
+	setup_pager();
+	write_in_full(1, sb.buf, sb.len);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * parse_options() callback that validates and sets opt->value to the
+ * PATCH_FORMAT_* enum value corresponding to `arg`.
+ */
+static int parse_opt_patchformat(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	int *opt_value = opt->value;
+
+	if (!strcmp(arg, "mbox"))
+		*opt_value = PATCH_FORMAT_MBOX;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "stgit"))
+		*opt_value = PATCH_FORMAT_STGIT;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "stgit-series"))
+		*opt_value = PATCH_FORMAT_STGIT_SERIES;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "hg"))
+		*opt_value = PATCH_FORMAT_HG;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "mboxrd"))
+		*opt_value = PATCH_FORMAT_MBOXRD;
+	else
+		return error(_("Invalid value for --patch-format: %s"), arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+enum resume_mode {
+	RESUME_FALSE = 0,
+	RESUME_APPLY,
+	RESUME_RESOLVED,
+	RESUME_SKIP,
+	RESUME_ABORT,
+	RESUME_QUIT,
+	RESUME_SHOW_PATCH
+};
+
+static int git_am_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
+{
+	int status;
+
+	status = git_gpg_config(k, v, NULL);
+	if (status)
+		return status;
+
+	return git_default_config(k, v, NULL);
+}
+
+int cmd_am(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct am_state state;
+	int binary = -1;
+	int keep_cr = -1;
+	int patch_format = PATCH_FORMAT_UNKNOWN;
+	enum resume_mode resume = RESUME_FALSE;
+	int in_progress;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	const char * const usage[] = {
+		N_("git am [<options>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"),
+		N_("git am [<options>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"),
+		NULL
+	};
+
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOL('i', "interactive", &state.interactive,
+			N_("run interactively")),
+		OPT_HIDDEN_BOOL('b', "binary", &binary,
+			N_("historical option -- no-op")),
+		OPT_BOOL('3', "3way", &state.threeway,
+			N_("allow fall back on 3way merging if needed")),
+		OPT__QUIET(&state.quiet, N_("be quiet")),
+		OPT_SET_INT('s', "signoff", &state.signoff,
+			N_("add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message"),
+			SIGNOFF_EXPLICIT),
+		OPT_BOOL('u', "utf8", &state.utf8,
+			N_("recode into utf8 (default)")),
+		OPT_SET_INT('k', "keep", &state.keep,
+			N_("pass -k flag to git-mailinfo"), KEEP_TRUE),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "keep-non-patch", &state.keep,
+			N_("pass -b flag to git-mailinfo"), KEEP_NON_PATCH),
+		OPT_BOOL('m', "message-id", &state.message_id,
+			N_("pass -m flag to git-mailinfo")),
+		OPT_SET_INT_F(0, "keep-cr", &keep_cr,
+			N_("pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit for mbox format"),
+			1, PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
+		OPT_SET_INT_F(0, "no-keep-cr", &keep_cr,
+			N_("do not pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit independent of am.keepcr"),
+			0, PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
+		OPT_BOOL('c', "scissors", &state.scissors,
+			N_("strip everything before a scissors line")),
+		OPT_PASSTHRU_ARGV(0, "whitespace", &state.git_apply_opts, N_("action"),
+			N_("pass it through git-apply"),
+			0),
+		OPT_PASSTHRU_ARGV(0, "ignore-space-change", &state.git_apply_opts, NULL,
+			N_("pass it through git-apply"),
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+		OPT_PASSTHRU_ARGV(0, "ignore-whitespace", &state.git_apply_opts, NULL,
+			N_("pass it through git-apply"),
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+		OPT_PASSTHRU_ARGV(0, "directory", &state.git_apply_opts, N_("root"),
+			N_("pass it through git-apply"),
+			0),
+		OPT_PASSTHRU_ARGV(0, "exclude", &state.git_apply_opts, N_("path"),
+			N_("pass it through git-apply"),
+			0),
+		OPT_PASSTHRU_ARGV(0, "include", &state.git_apply_opts, N_("path"),
+			N_("pass it through git-apply"),
+			0),
+		OPT_PASSTHRU_ARGV('C', NULL, &state.git_apply_opts, N_("n"),
+			N_("pass it through git-apply"),
+			0),
+		OPT_PASSTHRU_ARGV('p', NULL, &state.git_apply_opts, N_("num"),
+			N_("pass it through git-apply"),
+			0),
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "patch-format", &patch_format, N_("format"),
+			N_("format the patch(es) are in"),
+			parse_opt_patchformat),
+		OPT_PASSTHRU_ARGV(0, "reject", &state.git_apply_opts, NULL,
+			N_("pass it through git-apply"),
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "resolvemsg", &state.resolvemsg, NULL,
+			N_("override error message when patch failure occurs")),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "continue", &resume,
+			N_("continue applying patches after resolving a conflict"),
+			RESUME_RESOLVED),
+		OPT_CMDMODE('r', "resolved", &resume,
+			N_("synonyms for --continue"),
+			RESUME_RESOLVED),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "skip", &resume,
+			N_("skip the current patch"),
+			RESUME_SKIP),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "abort", &resume,
+			N_("restore the original branch and abort the patching operation."),
+			RESUME_ABORT),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "quit", &resume,
+			N_("abort the patching operation but keep HEAD where it is."),
+			RESUME_QUIT),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "show-current-patch", &resume,
+			N_("show the patch being applied."),
+			RESUME_SHOW_PATCH),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "committer-date-is-author-date",
+			&state.committer_date_is_author_date,
+			N_("lie about committer date")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "ignore-date", &state.ignore_date,
+			N_("use current timestamp for author date")),
+		OPT_RERERE_AUTOUPDATE(&state.allow_rerere_autoupdate),
+		{ OPTION_STRING, 'S', "gpg-sign", &state.sign_commit, N_("key-id"),
+		  N_("GPG-sign commits"),
+		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t) "" },
+		OPT_HIDDEN_BOOL(0, "rebasing", &state.rebasing,
+			N_("(internal use for git-rebase)")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage_with_options(usage, options);
+
+	git_config(git_am_config, NULL);
+
+	am_state_init(&state);
+
+	in_progress = am_in_progress(&state);
+	if (in_progress)
+		am_load(&state);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, usage, 0);
+
+	if (binary >= 0)
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+				"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."));
+
+	/* Ensure a valid committer ident can be constructed */
+	git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT);
+
+	if (read_index_preload(&the_index, NULL) < 0)
+		die(_("failed to read the index"));
+
+	if (in_progress) {
+		/*
+		 * Catch user error to feed us patches when there is a session
+		 * in progress:
+		 *
+		 * 1. mbox path(s) are provided on the command-line.
+		 * 2. stdin is not a tty: the user is trying to feed us a patch
+		 *    from standard input. This is somewhat unreliable -- stdin
+		 *    could be /dev/null for example and the caller did not
+		 *    intend to feed us a patch but wanted to continue
+		 *    unattended.
+		 */
+		if (argc || (resume == RESUME_FALSE && !isatty(0)))
+			die(_("previous rebase directory %s still exists but mbox given."),
+				state.dir);
+
+		if (resume == RESUME_FALSE)
+			resume = RESUME_APPLY;
+
+		if (state.signoff == SIGNOFF_EXPLICIT)
+			am_append_signoff(&state);
+	} else {
+		struct argv_array paths = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+		int i;
+
+		/*
+		 * Handle stray state directory in the independent-run case. In
+		 * the --rebasing case, it is up to the caller to take care of
+		 * stray directories.
+		 */
+		if (file_exists(state.dir) && !state.rebasing) {
+			if (resume == RESUME_ABORT || resume == RESUME_QUIT) {
+				am_destroy(&state);
+				am_state_release(&state);
+				return 0;
+			}
+
+			die(_("Stray %s directory found.\n"
+				"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."),
+				state.dir);
+		}
+
+		if (resume)
+			die(_("Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."));
+
+		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+			if (is_absolute_path(argv[i]) || !prefix)
+				argv_array_push(&paths, argv[i]);
+			else
+				argv_array_push(&paths, mkpath("%s/%s", prefix, argv[i]));
+		}
+
+		am_setup(&state, patch_format, paths.argv, keep_cr);
+
+		argv_array_clear(&paths);
+	}
+
+	switch (resume) {
+	case RESUME_FALSE:
+		am_run(&state, 0);
+		break;
+	case RESUME_APPLY:
+		am_run(&state, 1);
+		break;
+	case RESUME_RESOLVED:
+		am_resolve(&state);
+		break;
+	case RESUME_SKIP:
+		am_skip(&state);
+		break;
+	case RESUME_ABORT:
+		am_abort(&state);
+		break;
+	case RESUME_QUIT:
+		am_rerere_clear();
+		am_destroy(&state);
+		break;
+	case RESUME_SHOW_PATCH:
+		ret = show_patch(&state);
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG("invalid resume value");
+	}
+
+	am_state_release(&state);
+
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/builtin/apply.c b/builtin/apply.c
index 65b97eee69..3f099b9605 100644
--- a/builtin/apply.c
+++ b/builtin/apply.c
@@ -1,4677 +1,34 @@
-/*
- * apply.c
- *
- * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
- *
- * This applies patches on top of some (arbitrary) version of the SCM.
- *
- */
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "lockfile.h"
-#include "cache-tree.h"
-#include "quote.h"
-#include "blob.h"
-#include "delta.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
-#include "string-list.h"
-#include "dir.h"
-#include "diff.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
-#include "xdiff-interface.h"
-#include "ll-merge.h"
-#include "rerere.h"
-
-/*
- *  --check turns on checking that the working tree matches the
- *    files that are being modified, but doesn't apply the patch
- *  --stat does just a diffstat, and doesn't actually apply
- *  --numstat does numeric diffstat, and doesn't actually apply
- *  --index-info shows the old and new index info for paths if available.
- *  --index updates the cache as well.
- *  --cached updates only the cache without ever touching the working tree.
- */
-static const char *prefix;
-static int prefix_length = -1;
-static int newfd = -1;
+#include "lockfile.h"
+#include "apply.h"
 
-static int unidiff_zero;
-static int p_value = 1;
-static int p_value_known;
-static int check_index;
-static int update_index;
-static int cached;
-static int diffstat;
-static int numstat;
-static int summary;
-static int check;
-static int apply = 1;
-static int apply_in_reverse;
-static int apply_with_reject;
-static int apply_verbosely;
-static int allow_overlap;
-static int no_add;
-static int threeway;
-static int unsafe_paths;
-static const char *fake_ancestor;
-static int line_termination = '\n';
-static unsigned int p_context = UINT_MAX;
 static const char * const apply_usage[] = {
 	N_("git apply [<options>] [<patch>...]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
-static enum ws_error_action {
-	nowarn_ws_error,
-	warn_on_ws_error,
-	die_on_ws_error,
-	correct_ws_error
-} ws_error_action = warn_on_ws_error;
-static int whitespace_error;
-static int squelch_whitespace_errors = 5;
-static int applied_after_fixing_ws;
-
-static enum ws_ignore {
-	ignore_ws_none,
-	ignore_ws_change
-} ws_ignore_action = ignore_ws_none;
-
-
-static const char *patch_input_file;
-static const char *root;
-static int root_len;
-static int read_stdin = 1;
-static int options;
-
-static void parse_whitespace_option(const char *option)
-{
-	if (!option) {
-		ws_error_action = warn_on_ws_error;
-		return;
-	}
-	if (!strcmp(option, "warn")) {
-		ws_error_action = warn_on_ws_error;
-		return;
-	}
-	if (!strcmp(option, "nowarn")) {
-		ws_error_action = nowarn_ws_error;
-		return;
-	}
-	if (!strcmp(option, "error")) {
-		ws_error_action = die_on_ws_error;
-		return;
-	}
-	if (!strcmp(option, "error-all")) {
-		ws_error_action = die_on_ws_error;
-		squelch_whitespace_errors = 0;
-		return;
-	}
-	if (!strcmp(option, "strip") || !strcmp(option, "fix")) {
-		ws_error_action = correct_ws_error;
-		return;
-	}
-	die(_("unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"), option);
-}
-
-static void parse_ignorewhitespace_option(const char *option)
-{
-	if (!option || !strcmp(option, "no") ||
-	    !strcmp(option, "false") || !strcmp(option, "never") ||
-	    !strcmp(option, "none")) {
-		ws_ignore_action = ignore_ws_none;
-		return;
-	}
-	if (!strcmp(option, "change")) {
-		ws_ignore_action = ignore_ws_change;
-		return;
-	}
-	die(_("unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"), option);
-}
-
-static void set_default_whitespace_mode(const char *whitespace_option)
-{
-	if (!whitespace_option && !apply_default_whitespace)
-		ws_error_action = (apply ? warn_on_ws_error : nowarn_ws_error);
-}
-
-/*
- * For "diff-stat" like behaviour, we keep track of the biggest change
- * we've seen, and the longest filename. That allows us to do simple
- * scaling.
- */
-static int max_change, max_len;
-
-/*
- * Various "current state", notably line numbers and what
- * file (and how) we're patching right now.. The "is_xxxx"
- * things are flags, where -1 means "don't know yet".
- */
-static int linenr = 1;
-
-/*
- * This represents one "hunk" from a patch, starting with
- * "@@ -oldpos,oldlines +newpos,newlines @@" marker.  The
- * patch text is pointed at by patch, and its byte length
- * is stored in size.  leading and trailing are the number
- * of context lines.
- */
-struct fragment {
-	unsigned long leading, trailing;
-	unsigned long oldpos, oldlines;
-	unsigned long newpos, newlines;
-	/*
-	 * 'patch' is usually borrowed from buf in apply_patch(),
-	 * but some codepaths store an allocated buffer.
-	 */
-	const char *patch;
-	unsigned free_patch:1,
-		rejected:1;
-	int size;
-	int linenr;
-	struct fragment *next;
-};
-
-/*
- * When dealing with a binary patch, we reuse "leading" field
- * to store the type of the binary hunk, either deflated "delta"
- * or deflated "literal".
- */
-#define binary_patch_method leading
-#define BINARY_DELTA_DEFLATED	1
-#define BINARY_LITERAL_DEFLATED 2
-
-/*
- * This represents a "patch" to a file, both metainfo changes
- * such as creation/deletion, filemode and content changes represented
- * as a series of fragments.
- */
-struct patch {
-	char *new_name, *old_name, *def_name;
-	unsigned int old_mode, new_mode;
-	int is_new, is_delete;	/* -1 = unknown, 0 = false, 1 = true */
-	int rejected;
-	unsigned ws_rule;
-	int lines_added, lines_deleted;
-	int score;
-	unsigned int is_toplevel_relative:1;
-	unsigned int inaccurate_eof:1;
-	unsigned int is_binary:1;
-	unsigned int is_copy:1;
-	unsigned int is_rename:1;
-	unsigned int recount:1;
-	unsigned int conflicted_threeway:1;
-	unsigned int direct_to_threeway:1;
-	struct fragment *fragments;
-	char *result;
-	size_t resultsize;
-	char old_sha1_prefix[41];
-	char new_sha1_prefix[41];
-	struct patch *next;
-
-	/* three-way fallback result */
-	unsigned char threeway_stage[3][20];
-};
-
-static void free_fragment_list(struct fragment *list)
-{
-	while (list) {
-		struct fragment *next = list->next;
-		if (list->free_patch)
-			free((char *)list->patch);
-		free(list);
-		list = next;
-	}
-}
-
-static void free_patch(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	free_fragment_list(patch->fragments);
-	free(patch->def_name);
-	free(patch->old_name);
-	free(patch->new_name);
-	free(patch->result);
-	free(patch);
-}
-
-static void free_patch_list(struct patch *list)
-{
-	while (list) {
-		struct patch *next = list->next;
-		free_patch(list);
-		list = next;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * A line in a file, len-bytes long (includes the terminating LF,
- * except for an incomplete line at the end if the file ends with
- * one), and its contents hashes to 'hash'.
- */
-struct line {
-	size_t len;
-	unsigned hash : 24;
-	unsigned flag : 8;
-#define LINE_COMMON     1
-#define LINE_PATCHED	2
-};
-
-/*
- * This represents a "file", which is an array of "lines".
- */
-struct image {
-	char *buf;
-	size_t len;
-	size_t nr;
-	size_t alloc;
-	struct line *line_allocated;
-	struct line *line;
-};
-
-/*
- * Records filenames that have been touched, in order to handle
- * the case where more than one patches touch the same file.
- */
-
-static struct string_list fn_table;
-
-static uint32_t hash_line(const char *cp, size_t len)
-{
-	size_t i;
-	uint32_t h;
-	for (i = 0, h = 0; i < len; i++) {
-		if (!isspace(cp[i])) {
-			h = h * 3 + (cp[i] & 0xff);
-		}
-	}
-	return h;
-}
-
-/*
- * Compare lines s1 of length n1 and s2 of length n2, ignoring
- * whitespace difference. Returns 1 if they match, 0 otherwise
- */
-static int fuzzy_matchlines(const char *s1, size_t n1,
-			    const char *s2, size_t n2)
-{
-	const char *last1 = s1 + n1 - 1;
-	const char *last2 = s2 + n2 - 1;
-	int result = 0;
-
-	/* ignore line endings */
-	while ((*last1 == '\r') || (*last1 == '\n'))
-		last1--;
-	while ((*last2 == '\r') || (*last2 == '\n'))
-		last2--;
-
-	/* skip leading whitespaces, if both begin with whitespace */
-	if (s1 <= last1 && s2 <= last2 && isspace(*s1) && isspace(*s2)) {
-		while (isspace(*s1) && (s1 <= last1))
-			s1++;
-		while (isspace(*s2) && (s2 <= last2))
-			s2++;
-	}
-	/* early return if both lines are empty */
-	if ((s1 > last1) && (s2 > last2))
-		return 1;
-	while (!result) {
-		result = *s1++ - *s2++;
-		/*
-		 * Skip whitespace inside. We check for whitespace on
-		 * both buffers because we don't want "a b" to match
-		 * "ab"
-		 */
-		if (isspace(*s1) && isspace(*s2)) {
-			while (isspace(*s1) && s1 <= last1)
-				s1++;
-			while (isspace(*s2) && s2 <= last2)
-				s2++;
-		}
-		/*
-		 * If we reached the end on one side only,
-		 * lines don't match
-		 */
-		if (
-		    ((s2 > last2) && (s1 <= last1)) ||
-		    ((s1 > last1) && (s2 <= last2)))
-			return 0;
-		if ((s1 > last1) && (s2 > last2))
-			break;
-	}
-
-	return !result;
-}
-
-static void add_line_info(struct image *img, const char *bol, size_t len, unsigned flag)
-{
-	ALLOC_GROW(img->line_allocated, img->nr + 1, img->alloc);
-	img->line_allocated[img->nr].len = len;
-	img->line_allocated[img->nr].hash = hash_line(bol, len);
-	img->line_allocated[img->nr].flag = flag;
-	img->nr++;
-}
-
-/*
- * "buf" has the file contents to be patched (read from various sources).
- * attach it to "image" and add line-based index to it.
- * "image" now owns the "buf".
- */
-static void prepare_image(struct image *image, char *buf, size_t len,
-			  int prepare_linetable)
-{
-	const char *cp, *ep;
-
-	memset(image, 0, sizeof(*image));
-	image->buf = buf;
-	image->len = len;
-
-	if (!prepare_linetable)
-		return;
-
-	ep = image->buf + image->len;
-	cp = image->buf;
-	while (cp < ep) {
-		const char *next;
-		for (next = cp; next < ep && *next != '\n'; next++)
-			;
-		if (next < ep)
-			next++;
-		add_line_info(image, cp, next - cp, 0);
-		cp = next;
-	}
-	image->line = image->line_allocated;
-}
-
-static void clear_image(struct image *image)
-{
-	free(image->buf);
-	free(image->line_allocated);
-	memset(image, 0, sizeof(*image));
-}
-
-/* fmt must contain _one_ %s and no other substitution */
-static void say_patch_name(FILE *output, const char *fmt, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	if (patch->old_name && patch->new_name &&
-	    strcmp(patch->old_name, patch->new_name)) {
-		quote_c_style(patch->old_name, &sb, NULL, 0);
-		strbuf_addstr(&sb, " => ");
-		quote_c_style(patch->new_name, &sb, NULL, 0);
-	} else {
-		const char *n = patch->new_name;
-		if (!n)
-			n = patch->old_name;
-		quote_c_style(n, &sb, NULL, 0);
-	}
-	fprintf(output, fmt, sb.buf);
-	fputc('\n', output);
-	strbuf_release(&sb);
-}
-
-#define SLOP (16)
-
-static void read_patch_file(struct strbuf *sb, int fd)
-{
-	if (strbuf_read(sb, fd, 0) < 0)
-		die_errno("git apply: failed to read");
-
-	/*
-	 * Make sure that we have some slop in the buffer
-	 * so that we can do speculative "memcmp" etc, and
-	 * see to it that it is NUL-filled.
-	 */
-	strbuf_grow(sb, SLOP);
-	memset(sb->buf + sb->len, 0, SLOP);
-}
-
-static unsigned long linelen(const char *buffer, unsigned long size)
-{
-	unsigned long len = 0;
-	while (size--) {
-		len++;
-		if (*buffer++ == '\n')
-			break;
-	}
-	return len;
-}
-
-static int is_dev_null(const char *str)
-{
-	return skip_prefix(str, "/dev/null", &str) && isspace(*str);
-}
-
-#define TERM_SPACE	1
-#define TERM_TAB	2
-
-static int name_terminate(const char *name, int namelen, int c, int terminate)
-{
-	if (c == ' ' && !(terminate & TERM_SPACE))
-		return 0;
-	if (c == '\t' && !(terminate & TERM_TAB))
-		return 0;
-
-	return 1;
-}
-
-/* remove double slashes to make --index work with such filenames */
-static char *squash_slash(char *name)
-{
-	int i = 0, j = 0;
-
-	if (!name)
-		return NULL;
-
-	while (name[i]) {
-		if ((name[j++] = name[i++]) == '/')
-			while (name[i] == '/')
-				i++;
-	}
-	name[j] = '\0';
-	return name;
-}
-
-static char *find_name_gnu(const char *line, const char *def, int p_value)
-{
-	struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
-	char *cp;
-
-	/*
-	 * Proposed "new-style" GNU patch/diff format; see
-	 * http://marc.info/?l=git&m=112927316408690&w=2
-	 */
-	if (unquote_c_style(&name, line, NULL)) {
-		strbuf_release(&name);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	for (cp = name.buf; p_value; p_value--) {
-		cp = strchr(cp, '/');
-		if (!cp) {
-			strbuf_release(&name);
-			return NULL;
-		}
-		cp++;
-	}
-
-	strbuf_remove(&name, 0, cp - name.buf);
-	if (root)
-		strbuf_insert(&name, 0, root, root_len);
-	return squash_slash(strbuf_detach(&name, NULL));
-}
-
-static size_t sane_tz_len(const char *line, size_t len)
-{
-	const char *tz, *p;
-
-	if (len < strlen(" +0500") || line[len-strlen(" +0500")] != ' ')
-		return 0;
-	tz = line + len - strlen(" +0500");
-
-	if (tz[1] != '+' && tz[1] != '-')
-		return 0;
-
-	for (p = tz + 2; p != line + len; p++)
-		if (!isdigit(*p))
-			return 0;
-
-	return line + len - tz;
-}
-
-static size_t tz_with_colon_len(const char *line, size_t len)
-{
-	const char *tz, *p;
-
-	if (len < strlen(" +08:00") || line[len - strlen(":00")] != ':')
-		return 0;
-	tz = line + len - strlen(" +08:00");
-
-	if (tz[0] != ' ' || (tz[1] != '+' && tz[1] != '-'))
-		return 0;
-	p = tz + 2;
-	if (!isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++) || *p++ != ':' ||
-	    !isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++))
-		return 0;
-
-	return line + len - tz;
-}
-
-static size_t date_len(const char *line, size_t len)
-{
-	const char *date, *p;
-
-	if (len < strlen("72-02-05") || line[len-strlen("-05")] != '-')
-		return 0;
-	p = date = line + len - strlen("72-02-05");
-
-	if (!isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++) || *p++ != '-' ||
-	    !isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++) || *p++ != '-' ||
-	    !isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++))	/* Not a date. */
-		return 0;
-
-	if (date - line >= strlen("19") &&
-	    isdigit(date[-1]) && isdigit(date[-2]))	/* 4-digit year */
-		date -= strlen("19");
-
-	return line + len - date;
-}
-
-static size_t short_time_len(const char *line, size_t len)
-{
-	const char *time, *p;
-
-	if (len < strlen(" 07:01:32") || line[len-strlen(":32")] != ':')
-		return 0;
-	p = time = line + len - strlen(" 07:01:32");
-
-	/* Permit 1-digit hours? */
-	if (*p++ != ' ' ||
-	    !isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++) || *p++ != ':' ||
-	    !isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++) || *p++ != ':' ||
-	    !isdigit(*p++) || !isdigit(*p++))	/* Not a time. */
-		return 0;
-
-	return line + len - time;
-}
-
-static size_t fractional_time_len(const char *line, size_t len)
-{
-	const char *p;
-	size_t n;
-
-	/* Expected format: 19:41:17.620000023 */
-	if (!len || !isdigit(line[len - 1]))
-		return 0;
-	p = line + len - 1;
-
-	/* Fractional seconds. */
-	while (p > line && isdigit(*p))
-		p--;
-	if (*p != '.')
-		return 0;
-
-	/* Hours, minutes, and whole seconds. */
-	n = short_time_len(line, p - line);
-	if (!n)
-		return 0;
-
-	return line + len - p + n;
-}
-
-static size_t trailing_spaces_len(const char *line, size_t len)
-{
-	const char *p;
-
-	/* Expected format: ' ' x (1 or more)  */
-	if (!len || line[len - 1] != ' ')
-		return 0;
-
-	p = line + len;
-	while (p != line) {
-		p--;
-		if (*p != ' ')
-			return line + len - (p + 1);
-	}
-
-	/* All spaces! */
-	return len;
-}
-
-static size_t diff_timestamp_len(const char *line, size_t len)
-{
-	const char *end = line + len;
-	size_t n;
-
-	/*
-	 * Posix: 2010-07-05 19:41:17
-	 * GNU: 2010-07-05 19:41:17.620000023 -0500
-	 */
-
-	if (!isdigit(end[-1]))
-		return 0;
-
-	n = sane_tz_len(line, end - line);
-	if (!n)
-		n = tz_with_colon_len(line, end - line);
-	end -= n;
-
-	n = short_time_len(line, end - line);
-	if (!n)
-		n = fractional_time_len(line, end - line);
-	end -= n;
-
-	n = date_len(line, end - line);
-	if (!n)	/* No date.  Too bad. */
-		return 0;
-	end -= n;
-
-	if (end == line)	/* No space before date. */
-		return 0;
-	if (end[-1] == '\t') {	/* Success! */
-		end--;
-		return line + len - end;
-	}
-	if (end[-1] != ' ')	/* No space before date. */
-		return 0;
-
-	/* Whitespace damage. */
-	end -= trailing_spaces_len(line, end - line);
-	return line + len - end;
-}
-
-static char *find_name_common(const char *line, const char *def,
-			      int p_value, const char *end, int terminate)
-{
-	int len;
-	const char *start = NULL;
-
-	if (p_value == 0)
-		start = line;
-	while (line != end) {
-		char c = *line;
-
-		if (!end && isspace(c)) {
-			if (c == '\n')
-				break;
-			if (name_terminate(start, line-start, c, terminate))
-				break;
-		}
-		line++;
-		if (c == '/' && !--p_value)
-			start = line;
-	}
-	if (!start)
-		return squash_slash(xstrdup_or_null(def));
-	len = line - start;
-	if (!len)
-		return squash_slash(xstrdup_or_null(def));
-
-	/*
-	 * Generally we prefer the shorter name, especially
-	 * if the other one is just a variation of that with
-	 * something else tacked on to the end (ie "file.orig"
-	 * or "file~").
-	 */
-	if (def) {
-		int deflen = strlen(def);
-		if (deflen < len && !strncmp(start, def, deflen))
-			return squash_slash(xstrdup(def));
-	}
-
-	if (root) {
-		char *ret = xmalloc(root_len + len + 1);
-		strcpy(ret, root);
-		memcpy(ret + root_len, start, len);
-		ret[root_len + len] = '\0';
-		return squash_slash(ret);
-	}
-
-	return squash_slash(xmemdupz(start, len));
-}
-
-static char *find_name(const char *line, char *def, int p_value, int terminate)
-{
-	if (*line == '"') {
-		char *name = find_name_gnu(line, def, p_value);
-		if (name)
-			return name;
-	}
-
-	return find_name_common(line, def, p_value, NULL, terminate);
-}
-
-static char *find_name_traditional(const char *line, char *def, int p_value)
-{
-	size_t len;
-	size_t date_len;
-
-	if (*line == '"') {
-		char *name = find_name_gnu(line, def, p_value);
-		if (name)
-			return name;
-	}
-
-	len = strchrnul(line, '\n') - line;
-	date_len = diff_timestamp_len(line, len);
-	if (!date_len)
-		return find_name_common(line, def, p_value, NULL, TERM_TAB);
-	len -= date_len;
-
-	return find_name_common(line, def, p_value, line + len, 0);
-}
-
-static int count_slashes(const char *cp)
-{
-	int cnt = 0;
-	char ch;
-
-	while ((ch = *cp++))
-		if (ch == '/')
-			cnt++;
-	return cnt;
-}
-
-/*
- * Given the string after "--- " or "+++ ", guess the appropriate
- * p_value for the given patch.
- */
-static int guess_p_value(const char *nameline)
-{
-	char *name, *cp;
-	int val = -1;
-
-	if (is_dev_null(nameline))
-		return -1;
-	name = find_name_traditional(nameline, NULL, 0);
-	if (!name)
-		return -1;
-	cp = strchr(name, '/');
-	if (!cp)
-		val = 0;
-	else if (prefix) {
-		/*
-		 * Does it begin with "a/$our-prefix" and such?  Then this is
-		 * very likely to apply to our directory.
-		 */
-		if (!strncmp(name, prefix, prefix_length))
-			val = count_slashes(prefix);
-		else {
-			cp++;
-			if (!strncmp(cp, prefix, prefix_length))
-				val = count_slashes(prefix) + 1;
-		}
-	}
-	free(name);
-	return val;
-}
-
-/*
- * Does the ---/+++ line has the POSIX timestamp after the last HT?
- * GNU diff puts epoch there to signal a creation/deletion event.  Is
- * this such a timestamp?
- */
-static int has_epoch_timestamp(const char *nameline)
-{
-	/*
-	 * We are only interested in epoch timestamp; any non-zero
-	 * fraction cannot be one, hence "(\.0+)?" in the regexp below.
-	 * For the same reason, the date must be either 1969-12-31 or
-	 * 1970-01-01, and the seconds part must be "00".
-	 */
-	const char stamp_regexp[] =
-		"^(1969-12-31|1970-01-01)"
-		" "
-		"[0-2][0-9]:[0-5][0-9]:00(\\.0+)?"
-		" "
-		"([-+][0-2][0-9]:?[0-5][0-9])\n";
-	const char *timestamp = NULL, *cp, *colon;
-	static regex_t *stamp;
-	regmatch_t m[10];
-	int zoneoffset;
-	int hourminute;
-	int status;
-
-	for (cp = nameline; *cp != '\n'; cp++) {
-		if (*cp == '\t')
-			timestamp = cp + 1;
-	}
-	if (!timestamp)
-		return 0;
-	if (!stamp) {
-		stamp = xmalloc(sizeof(*stamp));
-		if (regcomp(stamp, stamp_regexp, REG_EXTENDED)) {
-			warning(_("Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"),
-				stamp_regexp);
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-
-	status = regexec(stamp, timestamp, ARRAY_SIZE(m), m, 0);
-	if (status) {
-		if (status != REG_NOMATCH)
-			warning(_("regexec returned %d for input: %s"),
-				status, timestamp);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	zoneoffset = strtol(timestamp + m[3].rm_so + 1, (char **) &colon, 10);
-	if (*colon == ':')
-		zoneoffset = zoneoffset * 60 + strtol(colon + 1, NULL, 10);
-	else
-		zoneoffset = (zoneoffset / 100) * 60 + (zoneoffset % 100);
-	if (timestamp[m[3].rm_so] == '-')
-		zoneoffset = -zoneoffset;
-
-	/*
-	 * YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss must be from either 1969-12-31
-	 * (west of GMT) or 1970-01-01 (east of GMT)
-	 */
-	if ((zoneoffset < 0 && memcmp(timestamp, "1969-12-31", 10)) ||
-	    (0 <= zoneoffset && memcmp(timestamp, "1970-01-01", 10)))
-		return 0;
-
-	hourminute = (strtol(timestamp + 11, NULL, 10) * 60 +
-		      strtol(timestamp + 14, NULL, 10) -
-		      zoneoffset);
-
-	return ((zoneoffset < 0 && hourminute == 1440) ||
-		(0 <= zoneoffset && !hourminute));
-}
-
-/*
- * Get the name etc info from the ---/+++ lines of a traditional patch header
- *
- * FIXME! The end-of-filename heuristics are kind of screwy. For existing
- * files, we can happily check the index for a match, but for creating a
- * new file we should try to match whatever "patch" does. I have no idea.
- */
-static void parse_traditional_patch(const char *first, const char *second, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	char *name;
-
-	first += 4;	/* skip "--- " */
-	second += 4;	/* skip "+++ " */
-	if (!p_value_known) {
-		int p, q;
-		p = guess_p_value(first);
-		q = guess_p_value(second);
-		if (p < 0) p = q;
-		if (0 <= p && p == q) {
-			p_value = p;
-			p_value_known = 1;
-		}
-	}
-	if (is_dev_null(first)) {
-		patch->is_new = 1;
-		patch->is_delete = 0;
-		name = find_name_traditional(second, NULL, p_value);
-		patch->new_name = name;
-	} else if (is_dev_null(second)) {
-		patch->is_new = 0;
-		patch->is_delete = 1;
-		name = find_name_traditional(first, NULL, p_value);
-		patch->old_name = name;
-	} else {
-		char *first_name;
-		first_name = find_name_traditional(first, NULL, p_value);
-		name = find_name_traditional(second, first_name, p_value);
-		free(first_name);
-		if (has_epoch_timestamp(first)) {
-			patch->is_new = 1;
-			patch->is_delete = 0;
-			patch->new_name = name;
-		} else if (has_epoch_timestamp(second)) {
-			patch->is_new = 0;
-			patch->is_delete = 1;
-			patch->old_name = name;
-		} else {
-			patch->old_name = name;
-			patch->new_name = xstrdup_or_null(name);
-		}
-	}
-	if (!name)
-		die(_("unable to find filename in patch at line %d"), linenr);
-}
-
-static int gitdiff_hdrend(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	return -1;
-}
-
-/*
- * We're anal about diff header consistency, to make
- * sure that we don't end up having strange ambiguous
- * patches floating around.
- *
- * As a result, gitdiff_{old|new}name() will check
- * their names against any previous information, just
- * to make sure..
- */
-#define DIFF_OLD_NAME 0
-#define DIFF_NEW_NAME 1
-
-static char *gitdiff_verify_name(const char *line, int isnull, char *orig_name, int side)
-{
-	if (!orig_name && !isnull)
-		return find_name(line, NULL, p_value, TERM_TAB);
-
-	if (orig_name) {
-		int len;
-		const char *name;
-		char *another;
-		name = orig_name;
-		len = strlen(name);
-		if (isnull)
-			die(_("git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"), name, linenr);
-		another = find_name(line, NULL, p_value, TERM_TAB);
-		if (!another || memcmp(another, name, len + 1))
-			die((side == DIFF_NEW_NAME) ?
-			    _("git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d") :
-			    _("git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"), linenr);
-		free(another);
-		return orig_name;
-	}
-	else {
-		/* expect "/dev/null" */
-		if (memcmp("/dev/null", line, 9) || line[9] != '\n')
-			die(_("git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"), linenr);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-}
-
-static int gitdiff_oldname(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	char *orig = patch->old_name;
-	patch->old_name = gitdiff_verify_name(line, patch->is_new, patch->old_name,
-					      DIFF_OLD_NAME);
-	if (orig != patch->old_name)
-		free(orig);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int gitdiff_newname(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	char *orig = patch->new_name;
-	patch->new_name = gitdiff_verify_name(line, patch->is_delete, patch->new_name,
-					      DIFF_NEW_NAME);
-	if (orig != patch->new_name)
-		free(orig);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int gitdiff_oldmode(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	patch->old_mode = strtoul(line, NULL, 8);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int gitdiff_newmode(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	patch->new_mode = strtoul(line, NULL, 8);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int gitdiff_delete(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	patch->is_delete = 1;
-	free(patch->old_name);
-	patch->old_name = xstrdup_or_null(patch->def_name);
-	return gitdiff_oldmode(line, patch);
-}
-
-static int gitdiff_newfile(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	patch->is_new = 1;
-	free(patch->new_name);
-	patch->new_name = xstrdup_or_null(patch->def_name);
-	return gitdiff_newmode(line, patch);
-}
-
-static int gitdiff_copysrc(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	patch->is_copy = 1;
-	free(patch->old_name);
-	patch->old_name = find_name(line, NULL, p_value ? p_value - 1 : 0, 0);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int gitdiff_copydst(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	patch->is_copy = 1;
-	free(patch->new_name);
-	patch->new_name = find_name(line, NULL, p_value ? p_value - 1 : 0, 0);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int gitdiff_renamesrc(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	patch->is_rename = 1;
-	free(patch->old_name);
-	patch->old_name = find_name(line, NULL, p_value ? p_value - 1 : 0, 0);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int gitdiff_renamedst(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	patch->is_rename = 1;
-	free(patch->new_name);
-	patch->new_name = find_name(line, NULL, p_value ? p_value - 1 : 0, 0);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int gitdiff_similarity(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	unsigned long val = strtoul(line, NULL, 10);
-	if (val <= 100)
-		patch->score = val;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int gitdiff_dissimilarity(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	unsigned long val = strtoul(line, NULL, 10);
-	if (val <= 100)
-		patch->score = val;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int gitdiff_index(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	/*
-	 * index line is N hexadecimal, "..", N hexadecimal,
-	 * and optional space with octal mode.
-	 */
-	const char *ptr, *eol;
-	int len;
-
-	ptr = strchr(line, '.');
-	if (!ptr || ptr[1] != '.' || 40 < ptr - line)
-		return 0;
-	len = ptr - line;
-	memcpy(patch->old_sha1_prefix, line, len);
-	patch->old_sha1_prefix[len] = 0;
-
-	line = ptr + 2;
-	ptr = strchr(line, ' ');
-	eol = strchrnul(line, '\n');
-
-	if (!ptr || eol < ptr)
-		ptr = eol;
-	len = ptr - line;
-
-	if (40 < len)
-		return 0;
-	memcpy(patch->new_sha1_prefix, line, len);
-	patch->new_sha1_prefix[len] = 0;
-	if (*ptr == ' ')
-		patch->old_mode = strtoul(ptr+1, NULL, 8);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * This is normal for a diff that doesn't change anything: we'll fall through
- * into the next diff. Tell the parser to break out.
- */
-static int gitdiff_unrecognized(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	return -1;
-}
-
-/*
- * Skip p_value leading components from "line"; as we do not accept
- * absolute paths, return NULL in that case.
- */
-static const char *skip_tree_prefix(const char *line, int llen)
-{
-	int nslash;
-	int i;
-
-	if (!p_value)
-		return (llen && line[0] == '/') ? NULL : line;
-
-	nslash = p_value;
-	for (i = 0; i < llen; i++) {
-		int ch = line[i];
-		if (ch == '/' && --nslash <= 0)
-			return (i == 0) ? NULL : &line[i + 1];
-	}
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-/*
- * This is to extract the same name that appears on "diff --git"
- * line.  We do not find and return anything if it is a rename
- * patch, and it is OK because we will find the name elsewhere.
- * We need to reliably find name only when it is mode-change only,
- * creation or deletion of an empty file.  In any of these cases,
- * both sides are the same name under a/ and b/ respectively.
- */
-static char *git_header_name(const char *line, int llen)
-{
-	const char *name;
-	const char *second = NULL;
-	size_t len, line_len;
-
-	line += strlen("diff --git ");
-	llen -= strlen("diff --git ");
-
-	if (*line == '"') {
-		const char *cp;
-		struct strbuf first = STRBUF_INIT;
-		struct strbuf sp = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-		if (unquote_c_style(&first, line, &second))
-			goto free_and_fail1;
-
-		/* strip the a/b prefix including trailing slash */
-		cp = skip_tree_prefix(first.buf, first.len);
-		if (!cp)
-			goto free_and_fail1;
-		strbuf_remove(&first, 0, cp - first.buf);
-
-		/*
-		 * second points at one past closing dq of name.
-		 * find the second name.
-		 */
-		while ((second < line + llen) && isspace(*second))
-			second++;
-
-		if (line + llen <= second)
-			goto free_and_fail1;
-		if (*second == '"') {
-			if (unquote_c_style(&sp, second, NULL))
-				goto free_and_fail1;
-			cp = skip_tree_prefix(sp.buf, sp.len);
-			if (!cp)
-				goto free_and_fail1;
-			/* They must match, otherwise ignore */
-			if (strcmp(cp, first.buf))
-				goto free_and_fail1;
-			strbuf_release(&sp);
-			return strbuf_detach(&first, NULL);
-		}
-
-		/* unquoted second */
-		cp = skip_tree_prefix(second, line + llen - second);
-		if (!cp)
-			goto free_and_fail1;
-		if (line + llen - cp != first.len ||
-		    memcmp(first.buf, cp, first.len))
-			goto free_and_fail1;
-		return strbuf_detach(&first, NULL);
-
-	free_and_fail1:
-		strbuf_release(&first);
-		strbuf_release(&sp);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	/* unquoted first name */
-	name = skip_tree_prefix(line, llen);
-	if (!name)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/*
-	 * since the first name is unquoted, a dq if exists must be
-	 * the beginning of the second name.
-	 */
-	for (second = name; second < line + llen; second++) {
-		if (*second == '"') {
-			struct strbuf sp = STRBUF_INIT;
-			const char *np;
-
-			if (unquote_c_style(&sp, second, NULL))
-				goto free_and_fail2;
-
-			np = skip_tree_prefix(sp.buf, sp.len);
-			if (!np)
-				goto free_and_fail2;
-
-			len = sp.buf + sp.len - np;
-			if (len < second - name &&
-			    !strncmp(np, name, len) &&
-			    isspace(name[len])) {
-				/* Good */
-				strbuf_remove(&sp, 0, np - sp.buf);
-				return strbuf_detach(&sp, NULL);
-			}
-
-		free_and_fail2:
-			strbuf_release(&sp);
-			return NULL;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Accept a name only if it shows up twice, exactly the same
-	 * form.
-	 */
-	second = strchr(name, '\n');
-	if (!second)
-		return NULL;
-	line_len = second - name;
-	for (len = 0 ; ; len++) {
-		switch (name[len]) {
-		default:
-			continue;
-		case '\n':
-			return NULL;
-		case '\t': case ' ':
-			/*
-			 * Is this the separator between the preimage
-			 * and the postimage pathname?  Again, we are
-			 * only interested in the case where there is
-			 * no rename, as this is only to set def_name
-			 * and a rename patch has the names elsewhere
-			 * in an unambiguous form.
-			 */
-			if (!name[len + 1])
-				return NULL; /* no postimage name */
-			second = skip_tree_prefix(name + len + 1,
-						  line_len - (len + 1));
-			if (!second)
-				return NULL;
-			/*
-			 * Does len bytes starting at "name" and "second"
-			 * (that are separated by one HT or SP we just
-			 * found) exactly match?
-			 */
-			if (second[len] == '\n' && !strncmp(name, second, len))
-				return xmemdupz(name, len);
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/* Verify that we recognize the lines following a git header */
-static int parse_git_header(const char *line, int len, unsigned int size, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	unsigned long offset;
-
-	/* A git diff has explicit new/delete information, so we don't guess */
-	patch->is_new = 0;
-	patch->is_delete = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Some things may not have the old name in the
-	 * rest of the headers anywhere (pure mode changes,
-	 * or removing or adding empty files), so we get
-	 * the default name from the header.
-	 */
-	patch->def_name = git_header_name(line, len);
-	if (patch->def_name && root) {
-		char *s = xstrfmt("%s%s", root, patch->def_name);
-		free(patch->def_name);
-		patch->def_name = s;
-	}
-
-	line += len;
-	size -= len;
-	linenr++;
-	for (offset = len ; size > 0 ; offset += len, size -= len, line += len, linenr++) {
-		static const struct opentry {
-			const char *str;
-			int (*fn)(const char *, struct patch *);
-		} optable[] = {
-			{ "@@ -", gitdiff_hdrend },
-			{ "--- ", gitdiff_oldname },
-			{ "+++ ", gitdiff_newname },
-			{ "old mode ", gitdiff_oldmode },
-			{ "new mode ", gitdiff_newmode },
-			{ "deleted file mode ", gitdiff_delete },
-			{ "new file mode ", gitdiff_newfile },
-			{ "copy from ", gitdiff_copysrc },
-			{ "copy to ", gitdiff_copydst },
-			{ "rename old ", gitdiff_renamesrc },
-			{ "rename new ", gitdiff_renamedst },
-			{ "rename from ", gitdiff_renamesrc },
-			{ "rename to ", gitdiff_renamedst },
-			{ "similarity index ", gitdiff_similarity },
-			{ "dissimilarity index ", gitdiff_dissimilarity },
-			{ "index ", gitdiff_index },
-			{ "", gitdiff_unrecognized },
-		};
-		int i;
-
-		len = linelen(line, size);
-		if (!len || line[len-1] != '\n')
-			break;
-		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(optable); i++) {
-			const struct opentry *p = optable + i;
-			int oplen = strlen(p->str);
-			if (len < oplen || memcmp(p->str, line, oplen))
-				continue;
-			if (p->fn(line + oplen, patch) < 0)
-				return offset;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return offset;
-}
-
-static int parse_num(const char *line, unsigned long *p)
-{
-	char *ptr;
-
-	if (!isdigit(*line))
-		return 0;
-	*p = strtoul(line, &ptr, 10);
-	return ptr - line;
-}
-
-static int parse_range(const char *line, int len, int offset, const char *expect,
-		       unsigned long *p1, unsigned long *p2)
-{
-	int digits, ex;
-
-	if (offset < 0 || offset >= len)
-		return -1;
-	line += offset;
-	len -= offset;
-
-	digits = parse_num(line, p1);
-	if (!digits)
-		return -1;
-
-	offset += digits;
-	line += digits;
-	len -= digits;
-
-	*p2 = 1;
-	if (*line == ',') {
-		digits = parse_num(line+1, p2);
-		if (!digits)
-			return -1;
-
-		offset += digits+1;
-		line += digits+1;
-		len -= digits+1;
-	}
-
-	ex = strlen(expect);
-	if (ex > len)
-		return -1;
-	if (memcmp(line, expect, ex))
-		return -1;
-
-	return offset + ex;
-}
-
-static void recount_diff(const char *line, int size, struct fragment *fragment)
-{
-	int oldlines = 0, newlines = 0, ret = 0;
-
-	if (size < 1) {
-		warning("recount: ignore empty hunk");
-		return;
-	}
-
-	for (;;) {
-		int len = linelen(line, size);
-		size -= len;
-		line += len;
-
-		if (size < 1)
-			break;
-
-		switch (*line) {
-		case ' ': case '\n':
-			newlines++;
-			/* fall through */
-		case '-':
-			oldlines++;
-			continue;
-		case '+':
-			newlines++;
-			continue;
-		case '\\':
-			continue;
-		case '@':
-			ret = size < 3 || !starts_with(line, "@@ ");
-			break;
-		case 'd':
-			ret = size < 5 || !starts_with(line, "diff ");
-			break;
-		default:
-			ret = -1;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (ret) {
-			warning(_("recount: unexpected line: %.*s"),
-				(int)linelen(line, size), line);
-			return;
-		}
-		break;
-	}
-	fragment->oldlines = oldlines;
-	fragment->newlines = newlines;
-}
-
-/*
- * Parse a unified diff fragment header of the
- * form "@@ -a,b +c,d @@"
- */
-static int parse_fragment_header(const char *line, int len, struct fragment *fragment)
-{
-	int offset;
-
-	if (!len || line[len-1] != '\n')
-		return -1;
-
-	/* Figure out the number of lines in a fragment */
-	offset = parse_range(line, len, 4, " +", &fragment->oldpos, &fragment->oldlines);
-	offset = parse_range(line, len, offset, " @@", &fragment->newpos, &fragment->newlines);
-
-	return offset;
-}
-
-static int find_header(const char *line, unsigned long size, int *hdrsize, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	unsigned long offset, len;
-
-	patch->is_toplevel_relative = 0;
-	patch->is_rename = patch->is_copy = 0;
-	patch->is_new = patch->is_delete = -1;
-	patch->old_mode = patch->new_mode = 0;
-	patch->old_name = patch->new_name = NULL;
-	for (offset = 0; size > 0; offset += len, size -= len, line += len, linenr++) {
-		unsigned long nextlen;
-
-		len = linelen(line, size);
-		if (!len)
-			break;
-
-		/* Testing this early allows us to take a few shortcuts.. */
-		if (len < 6)
-			continue;
-
-		/*
-		 * Make sure we don't find any unconnected patch fragments.
-		 * That's a sign that we didn't find a header, and that a
-		 * patch has become corrupted/broken up.
-		 */
-		if (!memcmp("@@ -", line, 4)) {
-			struct fragment dummy;
-			if (parse_fragment_header(line, len, &dummy) < 0)
-				continue;
-			die(_("patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"),
-			    linenr, (int)len-1, line);
-		}
-
-		if (size < len + 6)
-			break;
-
-		/*
-		 * Git patch? It might not have a real patch, just a rename
-		 * or mode change, so we handle that specially
-		 */
-		if (!memcmp("diff --git ", line, 11)) {
-			int git_hdr_len = parse_git_header(line, len, size, patch);
-			if (git_hdr_len <= len)
-				continue;
-			if (!patch->old_name && !patch->new_name) {
-				if (!patch->def_name)
-					die(Q_("git diff header lacks filename information when removing "
-					       "%d leading pathname component (line %d)",
-					       "git diff header lacks filename information when removing "
-					       "%d leading pathname components (line %d)",
-					       p_value),
-					    p_value, linenr);
-				patch->old_name = xstrdup(patch->def_name);
-				patch->new_name = xstrdup(patch->def_name);
-			}
-			if (!patch->is_delete && !patch->new_name)
-				die("git diff header lacks filename information "
-				    "(line %d)", linenr);
-			patch->is_toplevel_relative = 1;
-			*hdrsize = git_hdr_len;
-			return offset;
-		}
-
-		/* --- followed by +++ ? */
-		if (memcmp("--- ", line,  4) || memcmp("+++ ", line + len, 4))
-			continue;
-
-		/*
-		 * We only accept unified patches, so we want it to
-		 * at least have "@@ -a,b +c,d @@\n", which is 14 chars
-		 * minimum ("@@ -0,0 +1 @@\n" is the shortest).
-		 */
-		nextlen = linelen(line + len, size - len);
-		if (size < nextlen + 14 || memcmp("@@ -", line + len + nextlen, 4))
-			continue;
-
-		/* Ok, we'll consider it a patch */
-		parse_traditional_patch(line, line+len, patch);
-		*hdrsize = len + nextlen;
-		linenr += 2;
-		return offset;
-	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
-static void record_ws_error(unsigned result, const char *line, int len, int linenr)
-{
-	char *err;
-
-	if (!result)
-		return;
-
-	whitespace_error++;
-	if (squelch_whitespace_errors &&
-	    squelch_whitespace_errors < whitespace_error)
-		return;
-
-	err = whitespace_error_string(result);
-	fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: %s.\n%.*s\n",
-		patch_input_file, linenr, err, len, line);
-	free(err);
-}
-
-static void check_whitespace(const char *line, int len, unsigned ws_rule)
-{
-	unsigned result = ws_check(line + 1, len - 1, ws_rule);
-
-	record_ws_error(result, line + 1, len - 2, linenr);
-}
-
-/*
- * Parse a unified diff. Note that this really needs to parse each
- * fragment separately, since the only way to know the difference
- * between a "---" that is part of a patch, and a "---" that starts
- * the next patch is to look at the line counts..
- */
-static int parse_fragment(const char *line, unsigned long size,
-			  struct patch *patch, struct fragment *fragment)
-{
-	int added, deleted;
-	int len = linelen(line, size), offset;
-	unsigned long oldlines, newlines;
-	unsigned long leading, trailing;
-
-	offset = parse_fragment_header(line, len, fragment);
-	if (offset < 0)
-		return -1;
-	if (offset > 0 && patch->recount)
-		recount_diff(line + offset, size - offset, fragment);
-	oldlines = fragment->oldlines;
-	newlines = fragment->newlines;
-	leading = 0;
-	trailing = 0;
-
-	/* Parse the thing.. */
-	line += len;
-	size -= len;
-	linenr++;
-	added = deleted = 0;
-	for (offset = len;
-	     0 < size;
-	     offset += len, size -= len, line += len, linenr++) {
-		if (!oldlines && !newlines)
-			break;
-		len = linelen(line, size);
-		if (!len || line[len-1] != '\n')
-			return -1;
-		switch (*line) {
-		default:
-			return -1;
-		case '\n': /* newer GNU diff, an empty context line */
-		case ' ':
-			oldlines--;
-			newlines--;
-			if (!deleted && !added)
-				leading++;
-			trailing++;
-			if (!apply_in_reverse &&
-			    ws_error_action == correct_ws_error)
-				check_whitespace(line, len, patch->ws_rule);
-			break;
-		case '-':
-			if (apply_in_reverse &&
-			    ws_error_action != nowarn_ws_error)
-				check_whitespace(line, len, patch->ws_rule);
-			deleted++;
-			oldlines--;
-			trailing = 0;
-			break;
-		case '+':
-			if (!apply_in_reverse &&
-			    ws_error_action != nowarn_ws_error)
-				check_whitespace(line, len, patch->ws_rule);
-			added++;
-			newlines--;
-			trailing = 0;
-			break;
-
-		/*
-		 * We allow "\ No newline at end of file". Depending
-                 * on locale settings when the patch was produced we
-                 * don't know what this line looks like. The only
-                 * thing we do know is that it begins with "\ ".
-		 * Checking for 12 is just for sanity check -- any
-		 * l10n of "\ No newline..." is at least that long.
-		 */
-		case '\\':
-			if (len < 12 || memcmp(line, "\\ ", 2))
-				return -1;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	if (oldlines || newlines)
-		return -1;
-	fragment->leading = leading;
-	fragment->trailing = trailing;
-
-	/*
-	 * If a fragment ends with an incomplete line, we failed to include
-	 * it in the above loop because we hit oldlines == newlines == 0
-	 * before seeing it.
-	 */
-	if (12 < size && !memcmp(line, "\\ ", 2))
-		offset += linelen(line, size);
-
-	patch->lines_added += added;
-	patch->lines_deleted += deleted;
-
-	if (0 < patch->is_new && oldlines)
-		return error(_("new file depends on old contents"));
-	if (0 < patch->is_delete && newlines)
-		return error(_("deleted file still has contents"));
-	return offset;
-}
-
-/*
- * We have seen "diff --git a/... b/..." header (or a traditional patch
- * header).  Read hunks that belong to this patch into fragments and hang
- * them to the given patch structure.
- *
- * The (fragment->patch, fragment->size) pair points into the memory given
- * by the caller, not a copy, when we return.
- */
-static int parse_single_patch(const char *line, unsigned long size, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	unsigned long offset = 0;
-	unsigned long oldlines = 0, newlines = 0, context = 0;
-	struct fragment **fragp = &patch->fragments;
-
-	while (size > 4 && !memcmp(line, "@@ -", 4)) {
-		struct fragment *fragment;
-		int len;
-
-		fragment = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*fragment));
-		fragment->linenr = linenr;
-		len = parse_fragment(line, size, patch, fragment);
-		if (len <= 0)
-			die(_("corrupt patch at line %d"), linenr);
-		fragment->patch = line;
-		fragment->size = len;
-		oldlines += fragment->oldlines;
-		newlines += fragment->newlines;
-		context += fragment->leading + fragment->trailing;
-
-		*fragp = fragment;
-		fragp = &fragment->next;
-
-		offset += len;
-		line += len;
-		size -= len;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * If something was removed (i.e. we have old-lines) it cannot
-	 * be creation, and if something was added it cannot be
-	 * deletion.  However, the reverse is not true; --unified=0
-	 * patches that only add are not necessarily creation even
-	 * though they do not have any old lines, and ones that only
-	 * delete are not necessarily deletion.
-	 *
-	 * Unfortunately, a real creation/deletion patch do _not_ have
-	 * any context line by definition, so we cannot safely tell it
-	 * apart with --unified=0 insanity.  At least if the patch has
-	 * more than one hunk it is not creation or deletion.
-	 */
-	if (patch->is_new < 0 &&
-	    (oldlines || (patch->fragments && patch->fragments->next)))
-		patch->is_new = 0;
-	if (patch->is_delete < 0 &&
-	    (newlines || (patch->fragments && patch->fragments->next)))
-		patch->is_delete = 0;
-
-	if (0 < patch->is_new && oldlines)
-		die(_("new file %s depends on old contents"), patch->new_name);
-	if (0 < patch->is_delete && newlines)
-		die(_("deleted file %s still has contents"), patch->old_name);
-	if (!patch->is_delete && !newlines && context)
-		fprintf_ln(stderr,
-			   _("** warning: "
-			     "file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"),
-			   patch->new_name);
-
-	return offset;
-}
-
-static inline int metadata_changes(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	return	patch->is_rename > 0 ||
-		patch->is_copy > 0 ||
-		patch->is_new > 0 ||
-		patch->is_delete ||
-		(patch->old_mode && patch->new_mode &&
-		 patch->old_mode != patch->new_mode);
-}
-
-static char *inflate_it(const void *data, unsigned long size,
-			unsigned long inflated_size)
-{
-	git_zstream stream;
-	void *out;
-	int st;
-
-	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
-
-	stream.next_in = (unsigned char *)data;
-	stream.avail_in = size;
-	stream.next_out = out = xmalloc(inflated_size);
-	stream.avail_out = inflated_size;
-	git_inflate_init(&stream);
-	st = git_inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
-	git_inflate_end(&stream);
-	if ((st != Z_STREAM_END) || stream.total_out != inflated_size) {
-		free(out);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	return out;
-}
-
-/*
- * Read a binary hunk and return a new fragment; fragment->patch
- * points at an allocated memory that the caller must free, so
- * it is marked as "->free_patch = 1".
- */
-static struct fragment *parse_binary_hunk(char **buf_p,
-					  unsigned long *sz_p,
-					  int *status_p,
-					  int *used_p)
-{
-	/*
-	 * Expect a line that begins with binary patch method ("literal"
-	 * or "delta"), followed by the length of data before deflating.
-	 * a sequence of 'length-byte' followed by base-85 encoded data
-	 * should follow, terminated by a newline.
-	 *
-	 * Each 5-byte sequence of base-85 encodes up to 4 bytes,
-	 * and we would limit the patch line to 66 characters,
-	 * so one line can fit up to 13 groups that would decode
-	 * to 52 bytes max.  The length byte 'A'-'Z' corresponds
-	 * to 1-26 bytes, and 'a'-'z' corresponds to 27-52 bytes.
-	 */
-	int llen, used;
-	unsigned long size = *sz_p;
-	char *buffer = *buf_p;
-	int patch_method;
-	unsigned long origlen;
-	char *data = NULL;
-	int hunk_size = 0;
-	struct fragment *frag;
-
-	llen = linelen(buffer, size);
-	used = llen;
-
-	*status_p = 0;
-
-	if (starts_with(buffer, "delta ")) {
-		patch_method = BINARY_DELTA_DEFLATED;
-		origlen = strtoul(buffer + 6, NULL, 10);
-	}
-	else if (starts_with(buffer, "literal ")) {
-		patch_method = BINARY_LITERAL_DEFLATED;
-		origlen = strtoul(buffer + 8, NULL, 10);
-	}
-	else
-		return NULL;
-
-	linenr++;
-	buffer += llen;
-	while (1) {
-		int byte_length, max_byte_length, newsize;
-		llen = linelen(buffer, size);
-		used += llen;
-		linenr++;
-		if (llen == 1) {
-			/* consume the blank line */
-			buffer++;
-			size--;
-			break;
-		}
-		/*
-		 * Minimum line is "A00000\n" which is 7-byte long,
-		 * and the line length must be multiple of 5 plus 2.
-		 */
-		if ((llen < 7) || (llen-2) % 5)
-			goto corrupt;
-		max_byte_length = (llen - 2) / 5 * 4;
-		byte_length = *buffer;
-		if ('A' <= byte_length && byte_length <= 'Z')
-			byte_length = byte_length - 'A' + 1;
-		else if ('a' <= byte_length && byte_length <= 'z')
-			byte_length = byte_length - 'a' + 27;
-		else
-			goto corrupt;
-		/* if the input length was not multiple of 4, we would
-		 * have filler at the end but the filler should never
-		 * exceed 3 bytes
-		 */
-		if (max_byte_length < byte_length ||
-		    byte_length <= max_byte_length - 4)
-			goto corrupt;
-		newsize = hunk_size + byte_length;
-		data = xrealloc(data, newsize);
-		if (decode_85(data + hunk_size, buffer + 1, byte_length))
-			goto corrupt;
-		hunk_size = newsize;
-		buffer += llen;
-		size -= llen;
-	}
-
-	frag = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*frag));
-	frag->patch = inflate_it(data, hunk_size, origlen);
-	frag->free_patch = 1;
-	if (!frag->patch)
-		goto corrupt;
-	free(data);
-	frag->size = origlen;
-	*buf_p = buffer;
-	*sz_p = size;
-	*used_p = used;
-	frag->binary_patch_method = patch_method;
-	return frag;
-
- corrupt:
-	free(data);
-	*status_p = -1;
-	error(_("corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"),
-	      linenr-1, llen-1, buffer);
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-static int parse_binary(char *buffer, unsigned long size, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	/*
-	 * We have read "GIT binary patch\n"; what follows is a line
-	 * that says the patch method (currently, either "literal" or
-	 * "delta") and the length of data before deflating; a
-	 * sequence of 'length-byte' followed by base-85 encoded data
-	 * follows.
-	 *
-	 * When a binary patch is reversible, there is another binary
-	 * hunk in the same format, starting with patch method (either
-	 * "literal" or "delta") with the length of data, and a sequence
-	 * of length-byte + base-85 encoded data, terminated with another
-	 * empty line.  This data, when applied to the postimage, produces
-	 * the preimage.
-	 */
-	struct fragment *forward;
-	struct fragment *reverse;
-	int status;
-	int used, used_1;
-
-	forward = parse_binary_hunk(&buffer, &size, &status, &used);
-	if (!forward && !status)
-		/* there has to be one hunk (forward hunk) */
-		return error(_("unrecognized binary patch at line %d"), linenr-1);
-	if (status)
-		/* otherwise we already gave an error message */
-		return status;
-
-	reverse = parse_binary_hunk(&buffer, &size, &status, &used_1);
-	if (reverse)
-		used += used_1;
-	else if (status) {
-		/*
-		 * Not having reverse hunk is not an error, but having
-		 * a corrupt reverse hunk is.
-		 */
-		free((void*) forward->patch);
-		free(forward);
-		return status;
-	}
-	forward->next = reverse;
-	patch->fragments = forward;
-	patch->is_binary = 1;
-	return used;
-}
-
-static void prefix_one(char **name)
-{
-	char *old_name = *name;
-	if (!old_name)
-		return;
-	*name = xstrdup(prefix_filename(prefix, prefix_length, *name));
-	free(old_name);
-}
-
-static void prefix_patch(struct patch *p)
-{
-	if (!prefix || p->is_toplevel_relative)
-		return;
-	prefix_one(&p->new_name);
-	prefix_one(&p->old_name);
-}
-
-/*
- * include/exclude
- */
-
-static struct string_list limit_by_name;
-static int has_include;
-static void add_name_limit(const char *name, int exclude)
-{
-	struct string_list_item *it;
-
-	it = string_list_append(&limit_by_name, name);
-	it->util = exclude ? NULL : (void *) 1;
-}
-
-static int use_patch(struct patch *p)
-{
-	const char *pathname = p->new_name ? p->new_name : p->old_name;
-	int i;
-
-	/* Paths outside are not touched regardless of "--include" */
-	if (0 < prefix_length) {
-		int pathlen = strlen(pathname);
-		if (pathlen <= prefix_length ||
-		    memcmp(prefix, pathname, prefix_length))
-			return 0;
-	}
-
-	/* See if it matches any of exclude/include rule */
-	for (i = 0; i < limit_by_name.nr; i++) {
-		struct string_list_item *it = &limit_by_name.items[i];
-		if (!wildmatch(it->string, pathname, 0, NULL))
-			return (it->util != NULL);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * If we had any include, a path that does not match any rule is
-	 * not used.  Otherwise, we saw bunch of exclude rules (or none)
-	 * and such a path is used.
-	 */
-	return !has_include;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Read the patch text in "buffer" that extends for "size" bytes; stop
- * reading after seeing a single patch (i.e. changes to a single file).
- * Create fragments (i.e. patch hunks) and hang them to the given patch.
- * Return the number of bytes consumed, so that the caller can call us
- * again for the next patch.
- */
-static int parse_chunk(char *buffer, unsigned long size, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	int hdrsize, patchsize;
-	int offset = find_header(buffer, size, &hdrsize, patch);
-
-	if (offset < 0)
-		return offset;
-
-	prefix_patch(patch);
-
-	if (!use_patch(patch))
-		patch->ws_rule = 0;
-	else
-		patch->ws_rule = whitespace_rule(patch->new_name
-						 ? patch->new_name
-						 : patch->old_name);
-
-	patchsize = parse_single_patch(buffer + offset + hdrsize,
-				       size - offset - hdrsize, patch);
-
-	if (!patchsize) {
-		static const char git_binary[] = "GIT binary patch\n";
-		int hd = hdrsize + offset;
-		unsigned long llen = linelen(buffer + hd, size - hd);
-
-		if (llen == sizeof(git_binary) - 1 &&
-		    !memcmp(git_binary, buffer + hd, llen)) {
-			int used;
-			linenr++;
-			used = parse_binary(buffer + hd + llen,
-					    size - hd - llen, patch);
-			if (used)
-				patchsize = used + llen;
-			else
-				patchsize = 0;
-		}
-		else if (!memcmp(" differ\n", buffer + hd + llen - 8, 8)) {
-			static const char *binhdr[] = {
-				"Binary files ",
-				"Files ",
-				NULL,
-			};
-			int i;
-			for (i = 0; binhdr[i]; i++) {
-				int len = strlen(binhdr[i]);
-				if (len < size - hd &&
-				    !memcmp(binhdr[i], buffer + hd, len)) {
-					linenr++;
-					patch->is_binary = 1;
-					patchsize = llen;
-					break;
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		/* Empty patch cannot be applied if it is a text patch
-		 * without metadata change.  A binary patch appears
-		 * empty to us here.
-		 */
-		if ((apply || check) &&
-		    (!patch->is_binary && !metadata_changes(patch)))
-			die(_("patch with only garbage at line %d"), linenr);
-	}
-
-	return offset + hdrsize + patchsize;
-}
-
-#define swap(a,b) myswap((a),(b),sizeof(a))
-
-#define myswap(a, b, size) do {		\
-	unsigned char mytmp[size];	\
-	memcpy(mytmp, &a, size);		\
-	memcpy(&a, &b, size);		\
-	memcpy(&b, mytmp, size);		\
-} while (0)
-
-static void reverse_patches(struct patch *p)
-{
-	for (; p; p = p->next) {
-		struct fragment *frag = p->fragments;
-
-		swap(p->new_name, p->old_name);
-		swap(p->new_mode, p->old_mode);
-		swap(p->is_new, p->is_delete);
-		swap(p->lines_added, p->lines_deleted);
-		swap(p->old_sha1_prefix, p->new_sha1_prefix);
-
-		for (; frag; frag = frag->next) {
-			swap(frag->newpos, frag->oldpos);
-			swap(frag->newlines, frag->oldlines);
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-static const char pluses[] =
-"++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++";
-static const char minuses[]=
-"----------------------------------------------------------------------";
-
-static void show_stats(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	struct strbuf qname = STRBUF_INIT;
-	char *cp = patch->new_name ? patch->new_name : patch->old_name;
-	int max, add, del;
-
-	quote_c_style(cp, &qname, NULL, 0);
-
-	/*
-	 * "scale" the filename
-	 */
-	max = max_len;
-	if (max > 50)
-		max = 50;
-
-	if (qname.len > max) {
-		cp = strchr(qname.buf + qname.len + 3 - max, '/');
-		if (!cp)
-			cp = qname.buf + qname.len + 3 - max;
-		strbuf_splice(&qname, 0, cp - qname.buf, "...", 3);
-	}
-
-	if (patch->is_binary) {
-		printf(" %-*s |  Bin\n", max, qname.buf);
-		strbuf_release(&qname);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	printf(" %-*s |", max, qname.buf);
-	strbuf_release(&qname);
-
-	/*
-	 * scale the add/delete
-	 */
-	max = max + max_change > 70 ? 70 - max : max_change;
-	add = patch->lines_added;
-	del = patch->lines_deleted;
-
-	if (max_change > 0) {
-		int total = ((add + del) * max + max_change / 2) / max_change;
-		add = (add * max + max_change / 2) / max_change;
-		del = total - add;
-	}
-	printf("%5d %.*s%.*s\n", patch->lines_added + patch->lines_deleted,
-		add, pluses, del, minuses);
-}
-
-static int read_old_data(struct stat *st, const char *path, struct strbuf *buf)
-{
-	switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
-	case S_IFLNK:
-		if (strbuf_readlink(buf, path, st->st_size) < 0)
-			return error(_("unable to read symlink %s"), path);
-		return 0;
-	case S_IFREG:
-		if (strbuf_read_file(buf, path, st->st_size) != st->st_size)
-			return error(_("unable to open or read %s"), path);
-		convert_to_git(path, buf->buf, buf->len, buf, 0);
-		return 0;
-	default:
-		return -1;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Update the preimage, and the common lines in postimage,
- * from buffer buf of length len. If postlen is 0 the postimage
- * is updated in place, otherwise it's updated on a new buffer
- * of length postlen
- */
-
-static void update_pre_post_images(struct image *preimage,
-				   struct image *postimage,
-				   char *buf,
-				   size_t len, size_t postlen)
-{
-	int i, ctx, reduced;
-	char *new, *old, *fixed;
-	struct image fixed_preimage;
-
-	/*
-	 * Update the preimage with whitespace fixes.  Note that we
-	 * are not losing preimage->buf -- apply_one_fragment() will
-	 * free "oldlines".
-	 */
-	prepare_image(&fixed_preimage, buf, len, 1);
-	assert(postlen
-	       ? fixed_preimage.nr == preimage->nr
-	       : fixed_preimage.nr <= preimage->nr);
-	for (i = 0; i < fixed_preimage.nr; i++)
-		fixed_preimage.line[i].flag = preimage->line[i].flag;
-	free(preimage->line_allocated);
-	*preimage = fixed_preimage;
-
-	/*
-	 * Adjust the common context lines in postimage. This can be
-	 * done in-place when we are shrinking it with whitespace
-	 * fixing, but needs a new buffer when ignoring whitespace or
-	 * expanding leading tabs to spaces.
-	 *
-	 * We trust the caller to tell us if the update can be done
-	 * in place (postlen==0) or not.
-	 */
-	old = postimage->buf;
-	if (postlen)
-		new = postimage->buf = xmalloc(postlen);
-	else
-		new = old;
-	fixed = preimage->buf;
-
-	for (i = reduced = ctx = 0; i < postimage->nr; i++) {
-		size_t len = postimage->line[i].len;
-		if (!(postimage->line[i].flag & LINE_COMMON)) {
-			/* an added line -- no counterparts in preimage */
-			memmove(new, old, len);
-			old += len;
-			new += len;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/* a common context -- skip it in the original postimage */
-		old += len;
-
-		/* and find the corresponding one in the fixed preimage */
-		while (ctx < preimage->nr &&
-		       !(preimage->line[ctx].flag & LINE_COMMON)) {
-			fixed += preimage->line[ctx].len;
-			ctx++;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * preimage is expected to run out, if the caller
-		 * fixed addition of trailing blank lines.
-		 */
-		if (preimage->nr <= ctx) {
-			reduced++;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/* and copy it in, while fixing the line length */
-		len = preimage->line[ctx].len;
-		memcpy(new, fixed, len);
-		new += len;
-		fixed += len;
-		postimage->line[i].len = len;
-		ctx++;
-	}
-
-	if (postlen
-	    ? postlen < new - postimage->buf
-	    : postimage->len < new - postimage->buf)
-		die("BUG: caller miscounted postlen: asked %d, orig = %d, used = %d",
-		    (int)postlen, (int) postimage->len, (int)(new - postimage->buf));
-
-	/* Fix the length of the whole thing */
-	postimage->len = new - postimage->buf;
-	postimage->nr -= reduced;
-}
-
-static int match_fragment(struct image *img,
-			  struct image *preimage,
-			  struct image *postimage,
-			  unsigned long try,
-			  int try_lno,
-			  unsigned ws_rule,
-			  int match_beginning, int match_end)
-{
-	int i;
-	char *fixed_buf, *buf, *orig, *target;
-	struct strbuf fixed;
-	size_t fixed_len, postlen;
-	int preimage_limit;
-
-	if (preimage->nr + try_lno <= img->nr) {
-		/*
-		 * The hunk falls within the boundaries of img.
-		 */
-		preimage_limit = preimage->nr;
-		if (match_end && (preimage->nr + try_lno != img->nr))
-			return 0;
-	} else if (ws_error_action == correct_ws_error &&
-		   (ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF)) {
-		/*
-		 * This hunk extends beyond the end of img, and we are
-		 * removing blank lines at the end of the file.  This
-		 * many lines from the beginning of the preimage must
-		 * match with img, and the remainder of the preimage
-		 * must be blank.
-		 */
-		preimage_limit = img->nr - try_lno;
-	} else {
-		/*
-		 * The hunk extends beyond the end of the img and
-		 * we are not removing blanks at the end, so we
-		 * should reject the hunk at this position.
-		 */
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (match_beginning && try_lno)
-		return 0;
-
-	/* Quick hash check */
-	for (i = 0; i < preimage_limit; i++)
-		if ((img->line[try_lno + i].flag & LINE_PATCHED) ||
-		    (preimage->line[i].hash != img->line[try_lno + i].hash))
-			return 0;
-
-	if (preimage_limit == preimage->nr) {
-		/*
-		 * Do we have an exact match?  If we were told to match
-		 * at the end, size must be exactly at try+fragsize,
-		 * otherwise try+fragsize must be still within the preimage,
-		 * and either case, the old piece should match the preimage
-		 * exactly.
-		 */
-		if ((match_end
-		     ? (try + preimage->len == img->len)
-		     : (try + preimage->len <= img->len)) &&
-		    !memcmp(img->buf + try, preimage->buf, preimage->len))
-			return 1;
-	} else {
-		/*
-		 * The preimage extends beyond the end of img, so
-		 * there cannot be an exact match.
-		 *
-		 * There must be one non-blank context line that match
-		 * a line before the end of img.
-		 */
-		char *buf_end;
-
-		buf = preimage->buf;
-		buf_end = buf;
-		for (i = 0; i < preimage_limit; i++)
-			buf_end += preimage->line[i].len;
-
-		for ( ; buf < buf_end; buf++)
-			if (!isspace(*buf))
-				break;
-		if (buf == buf_end)
-			return 0;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * No exact match. If we are ignoring whitespace, run a line-by-line
-	 * fuzzy matching. We collect all the line length information because
-	 * we need it to adjust whitespace if we match.
-	 */
-	if (ws_ignore_action == ignore_ws_change) {
-		size_t imgoff = 0;
-		size_t preoff = 0;
-		size_t postlen = postimage->len;
-		size_t extra_chars;
-		char *preimage_eof;
-		char *preimage_end;
-		for (i = 0; i < preimage_limit; i++) {
-			size_t prelen = preimage->line[i].len;
-			size_t imglen = img->line[try_lno+i].len;
-
-			if (!fuzzy_matchlines(img->buf + try + imgoff, imglen,
-					      preimage->buf + preoff, prelen))
-				return 0;
-			if (preimage->line[i].flag & LINE_COMMON)
-				postlen += imglen - prelen;
-			imgoff += imglen;
-			preoff += prelen;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Ok, the preimage matches with whitespace fuzz.
-		 *
-		 * imgoff now holds the true length of the target that
-		 * matches the preimage before the end of the file.
-		 *
-		 * Count the number of characters in the preimage that fall
-		 * beyond the end of the file and make sure that all of them
-		 * are whitespace characters. (This can only happen if
-		 * we are removing blank lines at the end of the file.)
-		 */
-		buf = preimage_eof = preimage->buf + preoff;
-		for ( ; i < preimage->nr; i++)
-			preoff += preimage->line[i].len;
-		preimage_end = preimage->buf + preoff;
-		for ( ; buf < preimage_end; buf++)
-			if (!isspace(*buf))
-				return 0;
-
-		/*
-		 * Update the preimage and the common postimage context
-		 * lines to use the same whitespace as the target.
-		 * If whitespace is missing in the target (i.e.
-		 * if the preimage extends beyond the end of the file),
-		 * use the whitespace from the preimage.
-		 */
-		extra_chars = preimage_end - preimage_eof;
-		strbuf_init(&fixed, imgoff + extra_chars);
-		strbuf_add(&fixed, img->buf + try, imgoff);
-		strbuf_add(&fixed, preimage_eof, extra_chars);
-		fixed_buf = strbuf_detach(&fixed, &fixed_len);
-		update_pre_post_images(preimage, postimage,
-				fixed_buf, fixed_len, postlen);
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	if (ws_error_action != correct_ws_error)
-		return 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * The hunk does not apply byte-by-byte, but the hash says
-	 * it might with whitespace fuzz. We weren't asked to
-	 * ignore whitespace, we were asked to correct whitespace
-	 * errors, so let's try matching after whitespace correction.
-	 *
-	 * While checking the preimage against the target, whitespace
-	 * errors in both fixed, we count how large the corresponding
-	 * postimage needs to be.  The postimage prepared by
-	 * apply_one_fragment() has whitespace errors fixed on added
-	 * lines already, but the common lines were propagated as-is,
-	 * which may become longer when their whitespace errors are
-	 * fixed.
-	 */
-
-	/* First count added lines in postimage */
-	postlen = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < postimage->nr; i++) {
-		if (!(postimage->line[i].flag & LINE_COMMON))
-			postlen += postimage->line[i].len;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * The preimage may extend beyond the end of the file,
-	 * but in this loop we will only handle the part of the
-	 * preimage that falls within the file.
-	 */
-	strbuf_init(&fixed, preimage->len + 1);
-	orig = preimage->buf;
-	target = img->buf + try;
-	for (i = 0; i < preimage_limit; i++) {
-		size_t oldlen = preimage->line[i].len;
-		size_t tgtlen = img->line[try_lno + i].len;
-		size_t fixstart = fixed.len;
-		struct strbuf tgtfix;
-		int match;
-
-		/* Try fixing the line in the preimage */
-		ws_fix_copy(&fixed, orig, oldlen, ws_rule, NULL);
-
-		/* Try fixing the line in the target */
-		strbuf_init(&tgtfix, tgtlen);
-		ws_fix_copy(&tgtfix, target, tgtlen, ws_rule, NULL);
-
-		/*
-		 * If they match, either the preimage was based on
-		 * a version before our tree fixed whitespace breakage,
-		 * or we are lacking a whitespace-fix patch the tree
-		 * the preimage was based on already had (i.e. target
-		 * has whitespace breakage, the preimage doesn't).
-		 * In either case, we are fixing the whitespace breakages
-		 * so we might as well take the fix together with their
-		 * real change.
-		 */
-		match = (tgtfix.len == fixed.len - fixstart &&
-			 !memcmp(tgtfix.buf, fixed.buf + fixstart,
-					     fixed.len - fixstart));
-
-		/* Add the length if this is common with the postimage */
-		if (preimage->line[i].flag & LINE_COMMON)
-			postlen += tgtfix.len;
-
-		strbuf_release(&tgtfix);
-		if (!match)
-			goto unmatch_exit;
-
-		orig += oldlen;
-		target += tgtlen;
-	}
-
-
-	/*
-	 * Now handle the lines in the preimage that falls beyond the
-	 * end of the file (if any). They will only match if they are
-	 * empty or only contain whitespace (if WS_BLANK_AT_EOL is
-	 * false).
-	 */
-	for ( ; i < preimage->nr; i++) {
-		size_t fixstart = fixed.len; /* start of the fixed preimage */
-		size_t oldlen = preimage->line[i].len;
-		int j;
-
-		/* Try fixing the line in the preimage */
-		ws_fix_copy(&fixed, orig, oldlen, ws_rule, NULL);
-
-		for (j = fixstart; j < fixed.len; j++)
-			if (!isspace(fixed.buf[j]))
-				goto unmatch_exit;
-
-		orig += oldlen;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Yes, the preimage is based on an older version that still
-	 * has whitespace breakages unfixed, and fixing them makes the
-	 * hunk match.  Update the context lines in the postimage.
-	 */
-	fixed_buf = strbuf_detach(&fixed, &fixed_len);
-	if (postlen < postimage->len)
-		postlen = 0;
-	update_pre_post_images(preimage, postimage,
-			       fixed_buf, fixed_len, postlen);
-	return 1;
-
- unmatch_exit:
-	strbuf_release(&fixed);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int find_pos(struct image *img,
-		    struct image *preimage,
-		    struct image *postimage,
-		    int line,
-		    unsigned ws_rule,
-		    int match_beginning, int match_end)
-{
-	int i;
-	unsigned long backwards, forwards, try;
-	int backwards_lno, forwards_lno, try_lno;
-
-	/*
-	 * If match_beginning or match_end is specified, there is no
-	 * point starting from a wrong line that will never match and
-	 * wander around and wait for a match at the specified end.
-	 */
-	if (match_beginning)
-		line = 0;
-	else if (match_end)
-		line = img->nr - preimage->nr;
-
-	/*
-	 * Because the comparison is unsigned, the following test
-	 * will also take care of a negative line number that can
-	 * result when match_end and preimage is larger than the target.
-	 */
-	if ((size_t) line > img->nr)
-		line = img->nr;
-
-	try = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < line; i++)
-		try += img->line[i].len;
-
-	/*
-	 * There's probably some smart way to do this, but I'll leave
-	 * that to the smart and beautiful people. I'm simple and stupid.
-	 */
-	backwards = try;
-	backwards_lno = line;
-	forwards = try;
-	forwards_lno = line;
-	try_lno = line;
-
-	for (i = 0; ; i++) {
-		if (match_fragment(img, preimage, postimage,
-				   try, try_lno, ws_rule,
-				   match_beginning, match_end))
-			return try_lno;
-
-	again:
-		if (backwards_lno == 0 && forwards_lno == img->nr)
-			break;
-
-		if (i & 1) {
-			if (backwards_lno == 0) {
-				i++;
-				goto again;
-			}
-			backwards_lno--;
-			backwards -= img->line[backwards_lno].len;
-			try = backwards;
-			try_lno = backwards_lno;
-		} else {
-			if (forwards_lno == img->nr) {
-				i++;
-				goto again;
-			}
-			forwards += img->line[forwards_lno].len;
-			forwards_lno++;
-			try = forwards;
-			try_lno = forwards_lno;
-		}
-
-	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
-static void remove_first_line(struct image *img)
-{
-	img->buf += img->line[0].len;
-	img->len -= img->line[0].len;
-	img->line++;
-	img->nr--;
-}
-
-static void remove_last_line(struct image *img)
-{
-	img->len -= img->line[--img->nr].len;
-}
-
-/*
- * The change from "preimage" and "postimage" has been found to
- * apply at applied_pos (counts in line numbers) in "img".
- * Update "img" to remove "preimage" and replace it with "postimage".
- */
-static void update_image(struct image *img,
-			 int applied_pos,
-			 struct image *preimage,
-			 struct image *postimage)
-{
-	/*
-	 * remove the copy of preimage at offset in img
-	 * and replace it with postimage
-	 */
-	int i, nr;
-	size_t remove_count, insert_count, applied_at = 0;
-	char *result;
-	int preimage_limit;
-
-	/*
-	 * If we are removing blank lines at the end of img,
-	 * the preimage may extend beyond the end.
-	 * If that is the case, we must be careful only to
-	 * remove the part of the preimage that falls within
-	 * the boundaries of img. Initialize preimage_limit
-	 * to the number of lines in the preimage that falls
-	 * within the boundaries.
-	 */
-	preimage_limit = preimage->nr;
-	if (preimage_limit > img->nr - applied_pos)
-		preimage_limit = img->nr - applied_pos;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < applied_pos; i++)
-		applied_at += img->line[i].len;
-
-	remove_count = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < preimage_limit; i++)
-		remove_count += img->line[applied_pos + i].len;
-	insert_count = postimage->len;
-
-	/* Adjust the contents */
-	result = xmalloc(img->len + insert_count - remove_count + 1);
-	memcpy(result, img->buf, applied_at);
-	memcpy(result + applied_at, postimage->buf, postimage->len);
-	memcpy(result + applied_at + postimage->len,
-	       img->buf + (applied_at + remove_count),
-	       img->len - (applied_at + remove_count));
-	free(img->buf);
-	img->buf = result;
-	img->len += insert_count - remove_count;
-	result[img->len] = '\0';
-
-	/* Adjust the line table */
-	nr = img->nr + postimage->nr - preimage_limit;
-	if (preimage_limit < postimage->nr) {
-		/*
-		 * NOTE: this knows that we never call remove_first_line()
-		 * on anything other than pre/post image.
-		 */
-		REALLOC_ARRAY(img->line, nr);
-		img->line_allocated = img->line;
-	}
-	if (preimage_limit != postimage->nr)
-		memmove(img->line + applied_pos + postimage->nr,
-			img->line + applied_pos + preimage_limit,
-			(img->nr - (applied_pos + preimage_limit)) *
-			sizeof(*img->line));
-	memcpy(img->line + applied_pos,
-	       postimage->line,
-	       postimage->nr * sizeof(*img->line));
-	if (!allow_overlap)
-		for (i = 0; i < postimage->nr; i++)
-			img->line[applied_pos + i].flag |= LINE_PATCHED;
-	img->nr = nr;
-}
-
-/*
- * Use the patch-hunk text in "frag" to prepare two images (preimage and
- * postimage) for the hunk.  Find lines that match "preimage" in "img" and
- * replace the part of "img" with "postimage" text.
- */
-static int apply_one_fragment(struct image *img, struct fragment *frag,
-			      int inaccurate_eof, unsigned ws_rule,
-			      int nth_fragment)
-{
-	int match_beginning, match_end;
-	const char *patch = frag->patch;
-	int size = frag->size;
-	char *old, *oldlines;
-	struct strbuf newlines;
-	int new_blank_lines_at_end = 0;
-	int found_new_blank_lines_at_end = 0;
-	int hunk_linenr = frag->linenr;
-	unsigned long leading, trailing;
-	int pos, applied_pos;
-	struct image preimage;
-	struct image postimage;
-
-	memset(&preimage, 0, sizeof(preimage));
-	memset(&postimage, 0, sizeof(postimage));
-	oldlines = xmalloc(size);
-	strbuf_init(&newlines, size);
-
-	old = oldlines;
-	while (size > 0) {
-		char first;
-		int len = linelen(patch, size);
-		int plen;
-		int added_blank_line = 0;
-		int is_blank_context = 0;
-		size_t start;
-
-		if (!len)
-			break;
-
-		/*
-		 * "plen" is how much of the line we should use for
-		 * the actual patch data. Normally we just remove the
-		 * first character on the line, but if the line is
-		 * followed by "\ No newline", then we also remove the
-		 * last one (which is the newline, of course).
-		 */
-		plen = len - 1;
-		if (len < size && patch[len] == '\\')
-			plen--;
-		first = *patch;
-		if (apply_in_reverse) {
-			if (first == '-')
-				first = '+';
-			else if (first == '+')
-				first = '-';
-		}
-
-		switch (first) {
-		case '\n':
-			/* Newer GNU diff, empty context line */
-			if (plen < 0)
-				/* ... followed by '\No newline'; nothing */
-				break;
-			*old++ = '\n';
-			strbuf_addch(&newlines, '\n');
-			add_line_info(&preimage, "\n", 1, LINE_COMMON);
-			add_line_info(&postimage, "\n", 1, LINE_COMMON);
-			is_blank_context = 1;
-			break;
-		case ' ':
-			if (plen && (ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF) &&
-			    ws_blank_line(patch + 1, plen, ws_rule))
-				is_blank_context = 1;
-		case '-':
-			memcpy(old, patch + 1, plen);
-			add_line_info(&preimage, old, plen,
-				      (first == ' ' ? LINE_COMMON : 0));
-			old += plen;
-			if (first == '-')
-				break;
-		/* Fall-through for ' ' */
-		case '+':
-			/* --no-add does not add new lines */
-			if (first == '+' && no_add)
-				break;
-
-			start = newlines.len;
-			if (first != '+' ||
-			    !whitespace_error ||
-			    ws_error_action != correct_ws_error) {
-				strbuf_add(&newlines, patch + 1, plen);
-			}
-			else {
-				ws_fix_copy(&newlines, patch + 1, plen, ws_rule, &applied_after_fixing_ws);
-			}
-			add_line_info(&postimage, newlines.buf + start, newlines.len - start,
-				      (first == '+' ? 0 : LINE_COMMON));
-			if (first == '+' &&
-			    (ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF) &&
-			    ws_blank_line(patch + 1, plen, ws_rule))
-				added_blank_line = 1;
-			break;
-		case '@': case '\\':
-			/* Ignore it, we already handled it */
-			break;
-		default:
-			if (apply_verbosely)
-				error(_("invalid start of line: '%c'"), first);
-			return -1;
-		}
-		if (added_blank_line) {
-			if (!new_blank_lines_at_end)
-				found_new_blank_lines_at_end = hunk_linenr;
-			new_blank_lines_at_end++;
-		}
-		else if (is_blank_context)
-			;
-		else
-			new_blank_lines_at_end = 0;
-		patch += len;
-		size -= len;
-		hunk_linenr++;
-	}
-	if (inaccurate_eof &&
-	    old > oldlines && old[-1] == '\n' &&
-	    newlines.len > 0 && newlines.buf[newlines.len - 1] == '\n') {
-		old--;
-		strbuf_setlen(&newlines, newlines.len - 1);
-	}
-
-	leading = frag->leading;
-	trailing = frag->trailing;
-
-	/*
-	 * A hunk to change lines at the beginning would begin with
-	 * @@ -1,L +N,M @@
-	 * but we need to be careful.  -U0 that inserts before the second
-	 * line also has this pattern.
-	 *
-	 * And a hunk to add to an empty file would begin with
-	 * @@ -0,0 +N,M @@
-	 *
-	 * In other words, a hunk that is (frag->oldpos <= 1) with or
-	 * without leading context must match at the beginning.
-	 */
-	match_beginning = (!frag->oldpos ||
-			   (frag->oldpos == 1 && !unidiff_zero));
-
-	/*
-	 * A hunk without trailing lines must match at the end.
-	 * However, we simply cannot tell if a hunk must match end
-	 * from the lack of trailing lines if the patch was generated
-	 * with unidiff without any context.
-	 */
-	match_end = !unidiff_zero && !trailing;
-
-	pos = frag->newpos ? (frag->newpos - 1) : 0;
-	preimage.buf = oldlines;
-	preimage.len = old - oldlines;
-	postimage.buf = newlines.buf;
-	postimage.len = newlines.len;
-	preimage.line = preimage.line_allocated;
-	postimage.line = postimage.line_allocated;
-
-	for (;;) {
-
-		applied_pos = find_pos(img, &preimage, &postimage, pos,
-				       ws_rule, match_beginning, match_end);
-
-		if (applied_pos >= 0)
-			break;
-
-		/* Am I at my context limits? */
-		if ((leading <= p_context) && (trailing <= p_context))
-			break;
-		if (match_beginning || match_end) {
-			match_beginning = match_end = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Reduce the number of context lines; reduce both
-		 * leading and trailing if they are equal otherwise
-		 * just reduce the larger context.
-		 */
-		if (leading >= trailing) {
-			remove_first_line(&preimage);
-			remove_first_line(&postimage);
-			pos--;
-			leading--;
-		}
-		if (trailing > leading) {
-			remove_last_line(&preimage);
-			remove_last_line(&postimage);
-			trailing--;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (applied_pos >= 0) {
-		if (new_blank_lines_at_end &&
-		    preimage.nr + applied_pos >= img->nr &&
-		    (ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF) &&
-		    ws_error_action != nowarn_ws_error) {
-			record_ws_error(WS_BLANK_AT_EOF, "+", 1,
-					found_new_blank_lines_at_end);
-			if (ws_error_action == correct_ws_error) {
-				while (new_blank_lines_at_end--)
-					remove_last_line(&postimage);
-			}
-			/*
-			 * We would want to prevent write_out_results()
-			 * from taking place in apply_patch() that follows
-			 * the callchain led us here, which is:
-			 * apply_patch->check_patch_list->check_patch->
-			 * apply_data->apply_fragments->apply_one_fragment
-			 */
-			if (ws_error_action == die_on_ws_error)
-				apply = 0;
-		}
-
-		if (apply_verbosely && applied_pos != pos) {
-			int offset = applied_pos - pos;
-			if (apply_in_reverse)
-				offset = 0 - offset;
-			fprintf_ln(stderr,
-				   Q_("Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line).",
-				      "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines).",
-				      offset),
-				   nth_fragment, applied_pos + 1, offset);
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Warn if it was necessary to reduce the number
-		 * of context lines.
-		 */
-		if ((leading != frag->leading) ||
-		    (trailing != frag->trailing))
-			fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Context reduced to (%ld/%ld)"
-					     " to apply fragment at %d"),
-				   leading, trailing, applied_pos+1);
-		update_image(img, applied_pos, &preimage, &postimage);
-	} else {
-		if (apply_verbosely)
-			error(_("while searching for:\n%.*s"),
-			      (int)(old - oldlines), oldlines);
-	}
-
-	free(oldlines);
-	strbuf_release(&newlines);
-	free(preimage.line_allocated);
-	free(postimage.line_allocated);
-
-	return (applied_pos < 0);
-}
-
-static int apply_binary_fragment(struct image *img, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	struct fragment *fragment = patch->fragments;
-	unsigned long len;
-	void *dst;
-
-	if (!fragment)
-		return error(_("missing binary patch data for '%s'"),
-			     patch->new_name ?
-			     patch->new_name :
-			     patch->old_name);
-
-	/* Binary patch is irreversible without the optional second hunk */
-	if (apply_in_reverse) {
-		if (!fragment->next)
-			return error("cannot reverse-apply a binary patch "
-				     "without the reverse hunk to '%s'",
-				     patch->new_name
-				     ? patch->new_name : patch->old_name);
-		fragment = fragment->next;
-	}
-	switch (fragment->binary_patch_method) {
-	case BINARY_DELTA_DEFLATED:
-		dst = patch_delta(img->buf, img->len, fragment->patch,
-				  fragment->size, &len);
-		if (!dst)
-			return -1;
-		clear_image(img);
-		img->buf = dst;
-		img->len = len;
-		return 0;
-	case BINARY_LITERAL_DEFLATED:
-		clear_image(img);
-		img->len = fragment->size;
-		img->buf = xmemdupz(fragment->patch, img->len);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
-/*
- * Replace "img" with the result of applying the binary patch.
- * The binary patch data itself in patch->fragment is still kept
- * but the preimage prepared by the caller in "img" is freed here
- * or in the helper function apply_binary_fragment() this calls.
- */
-static int apply_binary(struct image *img, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	const char *name = patch->old_name ? patch->old_name : patch->new_name;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-
-	/*
-	 * For safety, we require patch index line to contain
-	 * full 40-byte textual SHA1 for old and new, at least for now.
-	 */
-	if (strlen(patch->old_sha1_prefix) != 40 ||
-	    strlen(patch->new_sha1_prefix) != 40 ||
-	    get_sha1_hex(patch->old_sha1_prefix, sha1) ||
-	    get_sha1_hex(patch->new_sha1_prefix, sha1))
-		return error("cannot apply binary patch to '%s' "
-			     "without full index line", name);
-
-	if (patch->old_name) {
-		/*
-		 * See if the old one matches what the patch
-		 * applies to.
-		 */
-		hash_sha1_file(img->buf, img->len, blob_type, sha1);
-		if (strcmp(sha1_to_hex(sha1), patch->old_sha1_prefix))
-			return error("the patch applies to '%s' (%s), "
-				     "which does not match the "
-				     "current contents.",
-				     name, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	}
-	else {
-		/* Otherwise, the old one must be empty. */
-		if (img->len)
-			return error("the patch applies to an empty "
-				     "'%s' but it is not empty", name);
-	}
-
-	get_sha1_hex(patch->new_sha1_prefix, sha1);
-	if (is_null_sha1(sha1)) {
-		clear_image(img);
-		return 0; /* deletion patch */
-	}
-
-	if (has_sha1_file(sha1)) {
-		/* We already have the postimage */
-		enum object_type type;
-		unsigned long size;
-		char *result;
-
-		result = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
-		if (!result)
-			return error("the necessary postimage %s for "
-				     "'%s' cannot be read",
-				     patch->new_sha1_prefix, name);
-		clear_image(img);
-		img->buf = result;
-		img->len = size;
-	} else {
-		/*
-		 * We have verified buf matches the preimage;
-		 * apply the patch data to it, which is stored
-		 * in the patch->fragments->{patch,size}.
-		 */
-		if (apply_binary_fragment(img, patch))
-			return error(_("binary patch does not apply to '%s'"),
-				     name);
-
-		/* verify that the result matches */
-		hash_sha1_file(img->buf, img->len, blob_type, sha1);
-		if (strcmp(sha1_to_hex(sha1), patch->new_sha1_prefix))
-			return error(_("binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"),
-				name, patch->new_sha1_prefix, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int apply_fragments(struct image *img, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	struct fragment *frag = patch->fragments;
-	const char *name = patch->old_name ? patch->old_name : patch->new_name;
-	unsigned ws_rule = patch->ws_rule;
-	unsigned inaccurate_eof = patch->inaccurate_eof;
-	int nth = 0;
-
-	if (patch->is_binary)
-		return apply_binary(img, patch);
-
-	while (frag) {
-		nth++;
-		if (apply_one_fragment(img, frag, inaccurate_eof, ws_rule, nth)) {
-			error(_("patch failed: %s:%ld"), name, frag->oldpos);
-			if (!apply_with_reject)
-				return -1;
-			frag->rejected = 1;
-		}
-		frag = frag->next;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int read_blob_object(struct strbuf *buf, const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned mode)
-{
-	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
-		strbuf_grow(buf, 100);
-		strbuf_addf(buf, "Subproject commit %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	} else {
-		enum object_type type;
-		unsigned long sz;
-		char *result;
-
-		result = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &sz);
-		if (!result)
-			return -1;
-		/* XXX read_sha1_file NUL-terminates */
-		strbuf_attach(buf, result, sz, sz + 1);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int read_file_or_gitlink(const struct cache_entry *ce, struct strbuf *buf)
-{
-	if (!ce)
-		return 0;
-	return read_blob_object(buf, ce->sha1, ce->ce_mode);
-}
-
-static struct patch *in_fn_table(const char *name)
-{
-	struct string_list_item *item;
-
-	if (name == NULL)
-		return NULL;
-
-	item = string_list_lookup(&fn_table, name);
-	if (item != NULL)
-		return (struct patch *)item->util;
-
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-/*
- * item->util in the filename table records the status of the path.
- * Usually it points at a patch (whose result records the contents
- * of it after applying it), but it could be PATH_WAS_DELETED for a
- * path that a previously applied patch has already removed, or
- * PATH_TO_BE_DELETED for a path that a later patch would remove.
- *
- * The latter is needed to deal with a case where two paths A and B
- * are swapped by first renaming A to B and then renaming B to A;
- * moving A to B should not be prevented due to presence of B as we
- * will remove it in a later patch.
- */
-#define PATH_TO_BE_DELETED ((struct patch *) -2)
-#define PATH_WAS_DELETED ((struct patch *) -1)
-
-static int to_be_deleted(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	return patch == PATH_TO_BE_DELETED;
-}
-
-static int was_deleted(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	return patch == PATH_WAS_DELETED;
-}
-
-static void add_to_fn_table(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	struct string_list_item *item;
-
-	/*
-	 * Always add new_name unless patch is a deletion
-	 * This should cover the cases for normal diffs,
-	 * file creations and copies
-	 */
-	if (patch->new_name != NULL) {
-		item = string_list_insert(&fn_table, patch->new_name);
-		item->util = patch;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * store a failure on rename/deletion cases because
-	 * later chunks shouldn't patch old names
-	 */
-	if ((patch->new_name == NULL) || (patch->is_rename)) {
-		item = string_list_insert(&fn_table, patch->old_name);
-		item->util = PATH_WAS_DELETED;
-	}
-}
-
-static void prepare_fn_table(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	/*
-	 * store information about incoming file deletion
-	 */
-	while (patch) {
-		if ((patch->new_name == NULL) || (patch->is_rename)) {
-			struct string_list_item *item;
-			item = string_list_insert(&fn_table, patch->old_name);
-			item->util = PATH_TO_BE_DELETED;
-		}
-		patch = patch->next;
-	}
-}
-
-static int checkout_target(struct index_state *istate,
-			   struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
-{
-	struct checkout costate;
-
-	memset(&costate, 0, sizeof(costate));
-	costate.base_dir = "";
-	costate.refresh_cache = 1;
-	costate.istate = istate;
-	if (checkout_entry(ce, &costate, NULL) || lstat(ce->name, st))
-		return error(_("cannot checkout %s"), ce->name);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static struct patch *previous_patch(struct patch *patch, int *gone)
-{
-	struct patch *previous;
-
-	*gone = 0;
-	if (patch->is_copy || patch->is_rename)
-		return NULL; /* "git" patches do not depend on the order */
-
-	previous = in_fn_table(patch->old_name);
-	if (!previous)
-		return NULL;
-
-	if (to_be_deleted(previous))
-		return NULL; /* the deletion hasn't happened yet */
-
-	if (was_deleted(previous))
-		*gone = 1;
-
-	return previous;
-}
-
-static int verify_index_match(const struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
-{
-	if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
-		if (!S_ISDIR(st->st_mode))
-			return -1;
-		return 0;
-	}
-	return ce_match_stat(ce, st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID|CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE);
-}
-
-#define SUBMODULE_PATCH_WITHOUT_INDEX 1
-
-static int load_patch_target(struct strbuf *buf,
-			     const struct cache_entry *ce,
-			     struct stat *st,
-			     const char *name,
-			     unsigned expected_mode)
-{
-	if (cached || check_index) {
-		if (read_file_or_gitlink(ce, buf))
-			return error(_("read of %s failed"), name);
-	} else if (name) {
-		if (S_ISGITLINK(expected_mode)) {
-			if (ce)
-				return read_file_or_gitlink(ce, buf);
-			else
-				return SUBMODULE_PATCH_WITHOUT_INDEX;
-		} else if (has_symlink_leading_path(name, strlen(name))) {
-			return error(_("reading from '%s' beyond a symbolic link"), name);
-		} else {
-			if (read_old_data(st, name, buf))
-				return error(_("read of %s failed"), name);
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * We are about to apply "patch"; populate the "image" with the
- * current version we have, from the working tree or from the index,
- * depending on the situation e.g. --cached/--index.  If we are
- * applying a non-git patch that incrementally updates the tree,
- * we read from the result of a previous diff.
- */
-static int load_preimage(struct image *image,
-			 struct patch *patch, struct stat *st,
-			 const struct cache_entry *ce)
-{
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	size_t len;
-	char *img;
-	struct patch *previous;
-	int status;
-
-	previous = previous_patch(patch, &status);
-	if (status)
-		return error(_("path %s has been renamed/deleted"),
-			     patch->old_name);
-	if (previous) {
-		/* We have a patched copy in memory; use that. */
-		strbuf_add(&buf, previous->result, previous->resultsize);
-	} else {
-		status = load_patch_target(&buf, ce, st,
-					   patch->old_name, patch->old_mode);
-		if (status < 0)
-			return status;
-		else if (status == SUBMODULE_PATCH_WITHOUT_INDEX) {
-			/*
-			 * There is no way to apply subproject
-			 * patch without looking at the index.
-			 * NEEDSWORK: shouldn't this be flagged
-			 * as an error???
-			 */
-			free_fragment_list(patch->fragments);
-			patch->fragments = NULL;
-		} else if (status) {
-			return error(_("read of %s failed"), patch->old_name);
-		}
-	}
-
-	img = strbuf_detach(&buf, &len);
-	prepare_image(image, img, len, !patch->is_binary);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int three_way_merge(struct image *image,
-			   char *path,
-			   const unsigned char *base,
-			   const unsigned char *ours,
-			   const unsigned char *theirs)
-{
-	mmfile_t base_file, our_file, their_file;
-	mmbuffer_t result = { NULL };
-	int status;
-
-	read_mmblob(&base_file, base);
-	read_mmblob(&our_file, ours);
-	read_mmblob(&their_file, theirs);
-	status = ll_merge(&result, path,
-			  &base_file, "base",
-			  &our_file, "ours",
-			  &their_file, "theirs", NULL);
-	free(base_file.ptr);
-	free(our_file.ptr);
-	free(their_file.ptr);
-	if (status < 0 || !result.ptr) {
-		free(result.ptr);
-		return -1;
-	}
-	clear_image(image);
-	image->buf = result.ptr;
-	image->len = result.size;
-
-	return status;
-}
-
-/*
- * When directly falling back to add/add three-way merge, we read from
- * the current contents of the new_name.  In no cases other than that
- * this function will be called.
- */
-static int load_current(struct image *image, struct patch *patch)
-{
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int status, pos;
-	size_t len;
-	char *img;
-	struct stat st;
-	struct cache_entry *ce;
-	char *name = patch->new_name;
-	unsigned mode = patch->new_mode;
-
-	if (!patch->is_new)
-		die("BUG: patch to %s is not a creation", patch->old_name);
-
-	pos = cache_name_pos(name, strlen(name));
-	if (pos < 0)
-		return error(_("%s: does not exist in index"), name);
-	ce = active_cache[pos];
-	if (lstat(name, &st)) {
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			return error(_("%s: %s"), name, strerror(errno));
-		if (checkout_target(&the_index, ce, &st))
-			return -1;
-	}
-	if (verify_index_match(ce, &st))
-		return error(_("%s: does not match index"), name);
-
-	status = load_patch_target(&buf, ce, &st, name, mode);
-	if (status < 0)
-		return status;
-	else if (status)
-		return -1;
-	img = strbuf_detach(&buf, &len);
-	prepare_image(image, img, len, !patch->is_binary);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int try_threeway(struct image *image, struct patch *patch,
-			struct stat *st, const struct cache_entry *ce)
-{
-	unsigned char pre_sha1[20], post_sha1[20], our_sha1[20];
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	size_t len;
-	int status;
-	char *img;
-	struct image tmp_image;
-
-	/* No point falling back to 3-way merge in these cases */
-	if (patch->is_delete ||
-	    S_ISGITLINK(patch->old_mode) || S_ISGITLINK(patch->new_mode))
-		return -1;
-
-	/* Preimage the patch was prepared for */
-	if (patch->is_new)
-		write_sha1_file("", 0, blob_type, pre_sha1);
-	else if (get_sha1(patch->old_sha1_prefix, pre_sha1) ||
-		 read_blob_object(&buf, pre_sha1, patch->old_mode))
-		return error("repository lacks the necessary blob to fall back on 3-way merge.");
-
-	fprintf(stderr, "Falling back to three-way merge...\n");
-
-	img = strbuf_detach(&buf, &len);
-	prepare_image(&tmp_image, img, len, 1);
-	/* Apply the patch to get the post image */
-	if (apply_fragments(&tmp_image, patch) < 0) {
-		clear_image(&tmp_image);
-		return -1;
-	}
-	/* post_sha1[] is theirs */
-	write_sha1_file(tmp_image.buf, tmp_image.len, blob_type, post_sha1);
-	clear_image(&tmp_image);
-
-	/* our_sha1[] is ours */
-	if (patch->is_new) {
-		if (load_current(&tmp_image, patch))
-			return error("cannot read the current contents of '%s'",
-				     patch->new_name);
-	} else {
-		if (load_preimage(&tmp_image, patch, st, ce))
-			return error("cannot read the current contents of '%s'",
-				     patch->old_name);
-	}
-	write_sha1_file(tmp_image.buf, tmp_image.len, blob_type, our_sha1);
-	clear_image(&tmp_image);
-
-	/* in-core three-way merge between post and our using pre as base */
-	status = three_way_merge(image, patch->new_name,
-				 pre_sha1, our_sha1, post_sha1);
-	if (status < 0) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to fall back on three-way merge...\n");
-		return status;
-	}
-
-	if (status) {
-		patch->conflicted_threeway = 1;
-		if (patch->is_new)
-			hashclr(patch->threeway_stage[0]);
-		else
-			hashcpy(patch->threeway_stage[0], pre_sha1);
-		hashcpy(patch->threeway_stage[1], our_sha1);
-		hashcpy(patch->threeway_stage[2], post_sha1);
-		fprintf(stderr, "Applied patch to '%s' with conflicts.\n", patch->new_name);
-	} else {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Applied patch to '%s' cleanly.\n", patch->new_name);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int apply_data(struct patch *patch, struct stat *st, const struct cache_entry *ce)
-{
-	struct image image;
-
-	if (load_preimage(&image, patch, st, ce) < 0)
-		return -1;
-
-	if (patch->direct_to_threeway ||
-	    apply_fragments(&image, patch) < 0) {
-		/* Note: with --reject, apply_fragments() returns 0 */
-		if (!threeway || try_threeway(&image, patch, st, ce) < 0)
-			return -1;
-	}
-	patch->result = image.buf;
-	patch->resultsize = image.len;
-	add_to_fn_table(patch);
-	free(image.line_allocated);
-
-	if (0 < patch->is_delete && patch->resultsize)
-		return error(_("removal patch leaves file contents"));
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * If "patch" that we are looking at modifies or deletes what we have,
- * we would want it not to lose any local modification we have, either
- * in the working tree or in the index.
- *
- * This also decides if a non-git patch is a creation patch or a
- * modification to an existing empty file.  We do not check the state
- * of the current tree for a creation patch in this function; the caller
- * check_patch() separately makes sure (and errors out otherwise) that
- * the path the patch creates does not exist in the current tree.
- */
-static int check_preimage(struct patch *patch, struct cache_entry **ce, struct stat *st)
-{
-	const char *old_name = patch->old_name;
-	struct patch *previous = NULL;
-	int stat_ret = 0, status;
-	unsigned st_mode = 0;
-
-	if (!old_name)
-		return 0;
-
-	assert(patch->is_new <= 0);
-	previous = previous_patch(patch, &status);
-
-	if (status)
-		return error(_("path %s has been renamed/deleted"), old_name);
-	if (previous) {
-		st_mode = previous->new_mode;
-	} else if (!cached) {
-		stat_ret = lstat(old_name, st);
-		if (stat_ret && errno != ENOENT)
-			return error(_("%s: %s"), old_name, strerror(errno));
-	}
-
-	if (check_index && !previous) {
-		int pos = cache_name_pos(old_name, strlen(old_name));
-		if (pos < 0) {
-			if (patch->is_new < 0)
-				goto is_new;
-			return error(_("%s: does not exist in index"), old_name);
-		}
-		*ce = active_cache[pos];
-		if (stat_ret < 0) {
-			if (checkout_target(&the_index, *ce, st))
-				return -1;
-		}
-		if (!cached && verify_index_match(*ce, st))
-			return error(_("%s: does not match index"), old_name);
-		if (cached)
-			st_mode = (*ce)->ce_mode;
-	} else if (stat_ret < 0) {
-		if (patch->is_new < 0)
-			goto is_new;
-		return error(_("%s: %s"), old_name, strerror(errno));
-	}
-
-	if (!cached && !previous)
-		st_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(*ce, st->st_mode);
-
-	if (patch->is_new < 0)
-		patch->is_new = 0;
-	if (!patch->old_mode)
-		patch->old_mode = st_mode;
-	if ((st_mode ^ patch->old_mode) & S_IFMT)
-		return error(_("%s: wrong type"), old_name);
-	if (st_mode != patch->old_mode)
-		warning(_("%s has type %o, expected %o"),
-			old_name, st_mode, patch->old_mode);
-	if (!patch->new_mode && !patch->is_delete)
-		patch->new_mode = st_mode;
-	return 0;
-
- is_new:
-	patch->is_new = 1;
-	patch->is_delete = 0;
-	free(patch->old_name);
-	patch->old_name = NULL;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-#define EXISTS_IN_INDEX 1
-#define EXISTS_IN_WORKTREE 2
-
-static int check_to_create(const char *new_name, int ok_if_exists)
-{
-	struct stat nst;
-
-	if (check_index &&
-	    cache_name_pos(new_name, strlen(new_name)) >= 0 &&
-	    !ok_if_exists)
-		return EXISTS_IN_INDEX;
-	if (cached)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (!lstat(new_name, &nst)) {
-		if (S_ISDIR(nst.st_mode) || ok_if_exists)
-			return 0;
-		/*
-		 * A leading component of new_name might be a symlink
-		 * that is going to be removed with this patch, but
-		 * still pointing at somewhere that has the path.
-		 * In such a case, path "new_name" does not exist as
-		 * far as git is concerned.
-		 */
-		if (has_symlink_leading_path(new_name, strlen(new_name)))
-			return 0;
-
-		return EXISTS_IN_WORKTREE;
-	} else if ((errno != ENOENT) && (errno != ENOTDIR)) {
-		return error("%s: %s", new_name, strerror(errno));
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * We need to keep track of how symlinks in the preimage are
- * manipulated by the patches.  A patch to add a/b/c where a/b
- * is a symlink should not be allowed to affect the directory
- * the symlink points at, but if the same patch removes a/b,
- * it is perfectly fine, as the patch removes a/b to make room
- * to create a directory a/b so that a/b/c can be created.
- */
-static struct string_list symlink_changes;
-#define SYMLINK_GOES_AWAY 01
-#define SYMLINK_IN_RESULT 02
-
-static uintptr_t register_symlink_changes(const char *path, uintptr_t what)
-{
-	struct string_list_item *ent;
-
-	ent = string_list_lookup(&symlink_changes, path);
-	if (!ent) {
-		ent = string_list_insert(&symlink_changes, path);
-		ent->util = (void *)0;
-	}
-	ent->util = (void *)(what | ((uintptr_t)ent->util));
-	return (uintptr_t)ent->util;
-}
-
-static uintptr_t check_symlink_changes(const char *path)
-{
-	struct string_list_item *ent;
-
-	ent = string_list_lookup(&symlink_changes, path);
-	if (!ent)
-		return 0;
-	return (uintptr_t)ent->util;
-}
-
-static void prepare_symlink_changes(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	for ( ; patch; patch = patch->next) {
-		if ((patch->old_name && S_ISLNK(patch->old_mode)) &&
-		    (patch->is_rename || patch->is_delete))
-			/* the symlink at patch->old_name is removed */
-			register_symlink_changes(patch->old_name, SYMLINK_GOES_AWAY);
-
-		if (patch->new_name && S_ISLNK(patch->new_mode))
-			/* the symlink at patch->new_name is created or remains */
-			register_symlink_changes(patch->new_name, SYMLINK_IN_RESULT);
-	}
-}
-
-static int path_is_beyond_symlink_1(struct strbuf *name)
-{
-	do {
-		unsigned int change;
-
-		while (--name->len && name->buf[name->len] != '/')
-			; /* scan backwards */
-		if (!name->len)
-			break;
-		name->buf[name->len] = '\0';
-		change = check_symlink_changes(name->buf);
-		if (change & SYMLINK_IN_RESULT)
-			return 1;
-		if (change & SYMLINK_GOES_AWAY)
-			/*
-			 * This cannot be "return 0", because we may
-			 * see a new one created at a higher level.
-			 */
-			continue;
-
-		/* otherwise, check the preimage */
-		if (check_index) {
-			struct cache_entry *ce;
-
-			ce = cache_file_exists(name->buf, name->len, ignore_case);
-			if (ce && S_ISLNK(ce->ce_mode))
-				return 1;
-		} else {
-			struct stat st;
-			if (!lstat(name->buf, &st) && S_ISLNK(st.st_mode))
-				return 1;
-		}
-	} while (1);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int path_is_beyond_symlink(const char *name_)
-{
-	int ret;
-	struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	assert(*name_ != '\0');
-	strbuf_addstr(&name, name_);
-	ret = path_is_beyond_symlink_1(&name);
-	strbuf_release(&name);
-
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static void die_on_unsafe_path(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	const char *old_name = NULL;
-	const char *new_name = NULL;
-	if (patch->is_delete)
-		old_name = patch->old_name;
-	else if (!patch->is_new && !patch->is_copy)
-		old_name = patch->old_name;
-	if (!patch->is_delete)
-		new_name = patch->new_name;
-
-	if (old_name && !verify_path(old_name))
-		die(_("invalid path '%s'"), old_name);
-	if (new_name && !verify_path(new_name))
-		die(_("invalid path '%s'"), new_name);
-}
-
-/*
- * Check and apply the patch in-core; leave the result in patch->result
- * for the caller to write it out to the final destination.
- */
-static int check_patch(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	struct stat st;
-	const char *old_name = patch->old_name;
-	const char *new_name = patch->new_name;
-	const char *name = old_name ? old_name : new_name;
-	struct cache_entry *ce = NULL;
-	struct patch *tpatch;
-	int ok_if_exists;
-	int status;
-
-	patch->rejected = 1; /* we will drop this after we succeed */
-
-	status = check_preimage(patch, &ce, &st);
-	if (status)
-		return status;
-	old_name = patch->old_name;
-
-	/*
-	 * A type-change diff is always split into a patch to delete
-	 * old, immediately followed by a patch to create new (see
-	 * diff.c::run_diff()); in such a case it is Ok that the entry
-	 * to be deleted by the previous patch is still in the working
-	 * tree and in the index.
-	 *
-	 * A patch to swap-rename between A and B would first rename A
-	 * to B and then rename B to A.  While applying the first one,
-	 * the presence of B should not stop A from getting renamed to
-	 * B; ask to_be_deleted() about the later rename.  Removal of
-	 * B and rename from A to B is handled the same way by asking
-	 * was_deleted().
-	 */
-	if ((tpatch = in_fn_table(new_name)) &&
-	    (was_deleted(tpatch) || to_be_deleted(tpatch)))
-		ok_if_exists = 1;
-	else
-		ok_if_exists = 0;
-
-	if (new_name &&
-	    ((0 < patch->is_new) || patch->is_rename || patch->is_copy)) {
-		int err = check_to_create(new_name, ok_if_exists);
-
-		if (err && threeway) {
-			patch->direct_to_threeway = 1;
-		} else switch (err) {
-		case 0:
-			break; /* happy */
-		case EXISTS_IN_INDEX:
-			return error(_("%s: already exists in index"), new_name);
-			break;
-		case EXISTS_IN_WORKTREE:
-			return error(_("%s: already exists in working directory"),
-				     new_name);
-		default:
-			return err;
-		}
-
-		if (!patch->new_mode) {
-			if (0 < patch->is_new)
-				patch->new_mode = S_IFREG | 0644;
-			else
-				patch->new_mode = patch->old_mode;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (new_name && old_name) {
-		int same = !strcmp(old_name, new_name);
-		if (!patch->new_mode)
-			patch->new_mode = patch->old_mode;
-		if ((patch->old_mode ^ patch->new_mode) & S_IFMT) {
-			if (same)
-				return error(_("new mode (%o) of %s does not "
-					       "match old mode (%o)"),
-					patch->new_mode, new_name,
-					patch->old_mode);
-			else
-				return error(_("new mode (%o) of %s does not "
-					       "match old mode (%o) of %s"),
-					patch->new_mode, new_name,
-					patch->old_mode, old_name);
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (!unsafe_paths)
-		die_on_unsafe_path(patch);
-
-	/*
-	 * An attempt to read from or delete a path that is beyond a
-	 * symbolic link will be prevented by load_patch_target() that
-	 * is called at the beginning of apply_data() so we do not
-	 * have to worry about a patch marked with "is_delete" bit
-	 * here.  We however need to make sure that the patch result
-	 * is not deposited to a path that is beyond a symbolic link
-	 * here.
-	 */
-	if (!patch->is_delete && path_is_beyond_symlink(patch->new_name))
-		return error(_("affected file '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"),
-			     patch->new_name);
-
-	if (apply_data(patch, &st, ce) < 0)
-		return error(_("%s: patch does not apply"), name);
-	patch->rejected = 0;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int check_patch_list(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	int err = 0;
-
-	prepare_symlink_changes(patch);
-	prepare_fn_table(patch);
-	while (patch) {
-		if (apply_verbosely)
-			say_patch_name(stderr,
-				       _("Checking patch %s..."), patch);
-		err |= check_patch(patch);
-		patch = patch->next;
-	}
-	return err;
-}
-
-/* This function tries to read the sha1 from the current index */
-static int get_current_sha1(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	int pos;
-
-	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		return -1;
-	pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
-	if (pos < 0)
-		return -1;
-	hashcpy(sha1, active_cache[pos]->sha1);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int preimage_sha1_in_gitlink_patch(struct patch *p, unsigned char sha1[20])
-{
-	/*
-	 * A usable gitlink patch has only one fragment (hunk) that looks like:
-	 * @@ -1 +1 @@
-	 * -Subproject commit <old sha1>
-	 * +Subproject commit <new sha1>
-	 * or
-	 * @@ -1 +0,0 @@
-	 * -Subproject commit <old sha1>
-	 * for a removal patch.
-	 */
-	struct fragment *hunk = p->fragments;
-	static const char heading[] = "-Subproject commit ";
-	char *preimage;
-
-	if (/* does the patch have only one hunk? */
-	    hunk && !hunk->next &&
-	    /* is its preimage one line? */
-	    hunk->oldpos == 1 && hunk->oldlines == 1 &&
-	    /* does preimage begin with the heading? */
-	    (preimage = memchr(hunk->patch, '\n', hunk->size)) != NULL &&
-	    starts_with(++preimage, heading) &&
-	    /* does it record full SHA-1? */
-	    !get_sha1_hex(preimage + sizeof(heading) - 1, sha1) &&
-	    preimage[sizeof(heading) + 40 - 1] == '\n' &&
-	    /* does the abbreviated name on the index line agree with it? */
-	    starts_with(preimage + sizeof(heading) - 1, p->old_sha1_prefix))
-		return 0; /* it all looks fine */
-
-	/* we may have full object name on the index line */
-	return get_sha1_hex(p->old_sha1_prefix, sha1);
-}
-
-/* Build an index that contains the just the files needed for a 3way merge */
-static void build_fake_ancestor(struct patch *list, const char *filename)
-{
-	struct patch *patch;
-	struct index_state result = { NULL };
-	static struct lock_file lock;
-
-	/* Once we start supporting the reverse patch, it may be
-	 * worth showing the new sha1 prefix, but until then...
-	 */
-	for (patch = list; patch; patch = patch->next) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		struct cache_entry *ce;
-		const char *name;
-
-		name = patch->old_name ? patch->old_name : patch->new_name;
-		if (0 < patch->is_new)
-			continue;
-
-		if (S_ISGITLINK(patch->old_mode)) {
-			if (!preimage_sha1_in_gitlink_patch(patch, sha1))
-				; /* ok, the textual part looks sane */
-			else
-				die("sha1 information is lacking or useless for submodule %s",
-				    name);
-		} else if (!get_sha1_blob(patch->old_sha1_prefix, sha1)) {
-			; /* ok */
-		} else if (!patch->lines_added && !patch->lines_deleted) {
-			/* mode-only change: update the current */
-			if (get_current_sha1(patch->old_name, sha1))
-				die("mode change for %s, which is not "
-				    "in current HEAD", name);
-		} else
-			die("sha1 information is lacking or useless "
-			    "(%s).", name);
-
-		ce = make_cache_entry(patch->old_mode, sha1, name, 0, 0);
-		if (!ce)
-			die(_("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"), name);
-		if (add_index_entry(&result, ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD))
-			die ("Could not add %s to temporary index", name);
-	}
-
-	hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, filename, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
-	if (write_locked_index(&result, &lock, COMMIT_LOCK))
-		die ("Could not write temporary index to %s", filename);
-
-	discard_index(&result);
-}
-
-static void stat_patch_list(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	int files, adds, dels;
-
-	for (files = adds = dels = 0 ; patch ; patch = patch->next) {
-		files++;
-		adds += patch->lines_added;
-		dels += patch->lines_deleted;
-		show_stats(patch);
-	}
-
-	print_stat_summary(stdout, files, adds, dels);
-}
-
-static void numstat_patch_list(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	for ( ; patch; patch = patch->next) {
-		const char *name;
-		name = patch->new_name ? patch->new_name : patch->old_name;
-		if (patch->is_binary)
-			printf("-\t-\t");
-		else
-			printf("%d\t%d\t", patch->lines_added, patch->lines_deleted);
-		write_name_quoted(name, stdout, line_termination);
-	}
-}
-
-static void show_file_mode_name(const char *newdelete, unsigned int mode, const char *name)
-{
-	if (mode)
-		printf(" %s mode %06o %s\n", newdelete, mode, name);
-	else
-		printf(" %s %s\n", newdelete, name);
-}
-
-static void show_mode_change(struct patch *p, int show_name)
-{
-	if (p->old_mode && p->new_mode && p->old_mode != p->new_mode) {
-		if (show_name)
-			printf(" mode change %06o => %06o %s\n",
-			       p->old_mode, p->new_mode, p->new_name);
-		else
-			printf(" mode change %06o => %06o\n",
-			       p->old_mode, p->new_mode);
-	}
-}
-
-static void show_rename_copy(struct patch *p)
-{
-	const char *renamecopy = p->is_rename ? "rename" : "copy";
-	const char *old, *new;
-
-	/* Find common prefix */
-	old = p->old_name;
-	new = p->new_name;
-	while (1) {
-		const char *slash_old, *slash_new;
-		slash_old = strchr(old, '/');
-		slash_new = strchr(new, '/');
-		if (!slash_old ||
-		    !slash_new ||
-		    slash_old - old != slash_new - new ||
-		    memcmp(old, new, slash_new - new))
-			break;
-		old = slash_old + 1;
-		new = slash_new + 1;
-	}
-	/* p->old_name thru old is the common prefix, and old and new
-	 * through the end of names are renames
-	 */
-	if (old != p->old_name)
-		printf(" %s %.*s{%s => %s} (%d%%)\n", renamecopy,
-		       (int)(old - p->old_name), p->old_name,
-		       old, new, p->score);
-	else
-		printf(" %s %s => %s (%d%%)\n", renamecopy,
-		       p->old_name, p->new_name, p->score);
-	show_mode_change(p, 0);
-}
-
-static void summary_patch_list(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	struct patch *p;
-
-	for (p = patch; p; p = p->next) {
-		if (p->is_new)
-			show_file_mode_name("create", p->new_mode, p->new_name);
-		else if (p->is_delete)
-			show_file_mode_name("delete", p->old_mode, p->old_name);
-		else {
-			if (p->is_rename || p->is_copy)
-				show_rename_copy(p);
-			else {
-				if (p->score) {
-					printf(" rewrite %s (%d%%)\n",
-					       p->new_name, p->score);
-					show_mode_change(p, 0);
-				}
-				else
-					show_mode_change(p, 1);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-static void patch_stats(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	int lines = patch->lines_added + patch->lines_deleted;
-
-	if (lines > max_change)
-		max_change = lines;
-	if (patch->old_name) {
-		int len = quote_c_style(patch->old_name, NULL, NULL, 0);
-		if (!len)
-			len = strlen(patch->old_name);
-		if (len > max_len)
-			max_len = len;
-	}
-	if (patch->new_name) {
-		int len = quote_c_style(patch->new_name, NULL, NULL, 0);
-		if (!len)
-			len = strlen(patch->new_name);
-		if (len > max_len)
-			max_len = len;
-	}
-}
-
-static void remove_file(struct patch *patch, int rmdir_empty)
-{
-	if (update_index) {
-		if (remove_file_from_cache(patch->old_name) < 0)
-			die(_("unable to remove %s from index"), patch->old_name);
-	}
-	if (!cached) {
-		if (!remove_or_warn(patch->old_mode, patch->old_name) && rmdir_empty) {
-			remove_path(patch->old_name);
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-static void add_index_file(const char *path, unsigned mode, void *buf, unsigned long size)
+int cmd_apply(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	struct stat st;
-	struct cache_entry *ce;
-	int namelen = strlen(path);
-	unsigned ce_size = cache_entry_size(namelen);
-
-	if (!update_index)
-		return;
-
-	ce = xcalloc(1, ce_size);
-	memcpy(ce->name, path, namelen);
-	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
-	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(0);
-	ce->ce_namelen = namelen;
-	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
-		const char *s;
-
-		if (!skip_prefix(buf, "Subproject commit ", &s) ||
-		    get_sha1_hex(s, ce->sha1))
-			die(_("corrupt patch for submodule %s"), path);
-	} else {
-		if (!cached) {
-			if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
-				die_errno(_("unable to stat newly created file '%s'"),
-					  path);
-			fill_stat_cache_info(ce, &st);
-		}
-		if (write_sha1_file(buf, size, blob_type, ce->sha1) < 0)
-			die(_("unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"), path);
-	}
-	if (add_cache_entry(ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD) < 0)
-		die(_("unable to add cache entry for %s"), path);
-}
-
-static int try_create_file(const char *path, unsigned int mode, const char *buf, unsigned long size)
-{
-	int fd;
-	struct strbuf nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
-		struct stat st;
-		if (!lstat(path, &st) && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
-			return 0;
-		return mkdir(path, 0777);
-	}
-
-	if (has_symlinks && S_ISLNK(mode))
-		/* Although buf:size is counted string, it also is NUL
-		 * terminated.
-		 */
-		return symlink(buf, path);
-
-	fd = open(path, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_WRONLY, (mode & 0100) ? 0777 : 0666);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		return -1;
-
-	if (convert_to_working_tree(path, buf, size, &nbuf)) {
-		size = nbuf.len;
-		buf  = nbuf.buf;
-	}
-	write_or_die(fd, buf, size);
-	strbuf_release(&nbuf);
-
-	if (close(fd) < 0)
-		die_errno(_("closing file '%s'"), path);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * We optimistically assume that the directories exist,
- * which is true 99% of the time anyway. If they don't,
- * we create them and try again.
- */
-static void create_one_file(char *path, unsigned mode, const char *buf, unsigned long size)
-{
-	if (cached)
-		return;
-	if (!try_create_file(path, mode, buf, size))
-		return;
-
-	if (errno == ENOENT) {
-		if (safe_create_leading_directories(path))
-			return;
-		if (!try_create_file(path, mode, buf, size))
-			return;
-	}
-
-	if (errno == EEXIST || errno == EACCES) {
-		/* We may be trying to create a file where a directory
-		 * used to be.
-		 */
-		struct stat st;
-		if (!lstat(path, &st) && (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) || !rmdir(path)))
-			errno = EEXIST;
-	}
-
-	if (errno == EEXIST) {
-		unsigned int nr = getpid();
-
-		for (;;) {
-			char newpath[PATH_MAX];
-			mksnpath(newpath, sizeof(newpath), "%s~%u", path, nr);
-			if (!try_create_file(newpath, mode, buf, size)) {
-				if (!rename(newpath, path))
-					return;
-				unlink_or_warn(newpath);
-				break;
-			}
-			if (errno != EEXIST)
-				break;
-			++nr;
-		}
-	}
-	die_errno(_("unable to write file '%s' mode %o"), path, mode);
-}
-
-static void add_conflicted_stages_file(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	int stage, namelen;
-	unsigned ce_size, mode;
-	struct cache_entry *ce;
-
-	if (!update_index)
-		return;
-	namelen = strlen(patch->new_name);
-	ce_size = cache_entry_size(namelen);
-	mode = patch->new_mode ? patch->new_mode : (S_IFREG | 0644);
-
-	remove_file_from_cache(patch->new_name);
-	for (stage = 1; stage < 4; stage++) {
-		if (is_null_sha1(patch->threeway_stage[stage - 1]))
-			continue;
-		ce = xcalloc(1, ce_size);
-		memcpy(ce->name, patch->new_name, namelen);
-		ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
-		ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
-		ce->ce_namelen = namelen;
-		hashcpy(ce->sha1, patch->threeway_stage[stage - 1]);
-		if (add_cache_entry(ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD) < 0)
-			die(_("unable to add cache entry for %s"), patch->new_name);
-	}
-}
-
-static void create_file(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	char *path = patch->new_name;
-	unsigned mode = patch->new_mode;
-	unsigned long size = patch->resultsize;
-	char *buf = patch->result;
-
-	if (!mode)
-		mode = S_IFREG | 0644;
-	create_one_file(path, mode, buf, size);
-
-	if (patch->conflicted_threeway)
-		add_conflicted_stages_file(patch);
-	else
-		add_index_file(path, mode, buf, size);
-}
-
-/* phase zero is to remove, phase one is to create */
-static void write_out_one_result(struct patch *patch, int phase)
-{
-	if (patch->is_delete > 0) {
-		if (phase == 0)
-			remove_file(patch, 1);
-		return;
-	}
-	if (patch->is_new > 0 || patch->is_copy) {
-		if (phase == 1)
-			create_file(patch);
-		return;
-	}
-	/*
-	 * Rename or modification boils down to the same
-	 * thing: remove the old, write the new
-	 */
-	if (phase == 0)
-		remove_file(patch, patch->is_rename);
-	if (phase == 1)
-		create_file(patch);
-}
-
-static int write_out_one_reject(struct patch *patch)
-{
-	FILE *rej;
-	char namebuf[PATH_MAX];
-	struct fragment *frag;
-	int cnt = 0;
-	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	for (cnt = 0, frag = patch->fragments; frag; frag = frag->next) {
-		if (!frag->rejected)
-			continue;
-		cnt++;
-	}
-
-	if (!cnt) {
-		if (apply_verbosely)
-			say_patch_name(stderr,
-				       _("Applied patch %s cleanly."), patch);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	/* This should not happen, because a removal patch that leaves
-	 * contents are marked "rejected" at the patch level.
-	 */
-	if (!patch->new_name)
-		die(_("internal error"));
-
-	/* Say this even without --verbose */
-	strbuf_addf(&sb, Q_("Applying patch %%s with %d reject...",
-			    "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects...",
-			    cnt),
-		    cnt);
-	say_patch_name(stderr, sb.buf, patch);
-	strbuf_release(&sb);
-
-	cnt = strlen(patch->new_name);
-	if (ARRAY_SIZE(namebuf) <= cnt + 5) {
-		cnt = ARRAY_SIZE(namebuf) - 5;
-		warning(_("truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"),
-			cnt - 1, patch->new_name);
-	}
-	memcpy(namebuf, patch->new_name, cnt);
-	memcpy(namebuf + cnt, ".rej", 5);
-
-	rej = fopen(namebuf, "w");
-	if (!rej)
-		return error(_("cannot open %s: %s"), namebuf, strerror(errno));
-
-	/* Normal git tools never deal with .rej, so do not pretend
-	 * this is a git patch by saying --git or giving extended
-	 * headers.  While at it, maybe please "kompare" that wants
-	 * the trailing TAB and some garbage at the end of line ;-).
-	 */
-	fprintf(rej, "diff a/%s b/%s\t(rejected hunks)\n",
-		patch->new_name, patch->new_name);
-	for (cnt = 1, frag = patch->fragments;
-	     frag;
-	     cnt++, frag = frag->next) {
-		if (!frag->rejected) {
-			fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Hunk #%d applied cleanly."), cnt);
-			continue;
-		}
-		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Rejected hunk #%d."), cnt);
-		fprintf(rej, "%.*s", frag->size, frag->patch);
-		if (frag->patch[frag->size-1] != '\n')
-			fputc('\n', rej);
-	}
-	fclose(rej);
-	return -1;
-}
-
-static int write_out_results(struct patch *list)
-{
-	int phase;
-	int errs = 0;
-	struct patch *l;
-	struct string_list cpath = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
-
-	for (phase = 0; phase < 2; phase++) {
-		l = list;
-		while (l) {
-			if (l->rejected)
-				errs = 1;
-			else {
-				write_out_one_result(l, phase);
-				if (phase == 1) {
-					if (write_out_one_reject(l))
-						errs = 1;
-					if (l->conflicted_threeway) {
-						string_list_append(&cpath, l->new_name);
-						errs = 1;
-					}
-				}
-			}
-			l = l->next;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (cpath.nr) {
-		struct string_list_item *item;
-
-		string_list_sort(&cpath);
-		for_each_string_list_item(item, &cpath)
-			fprintf(stderr, "U %s\n", item->string);
-		string_list_clear(&cpath, 0);
-
-		rerere(0);
-	}
-
-	return errs;
-}
-
-static struct lock_file lock_file;
-
-#define INACCURATE_EOF	(1<<0)
-#define RECOUNT		(1<<1)
-
-static int apply_patch(int fd, const char *filename, int options)
-{
-	size_t offset;
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT; /* owns the patch text */
-	struct patch *list = NULL, **listp = &list;
-	int skipped_patch = 0;
-
-	patch_input_file = filename;
-	read_patch_file(&buf, fd);
-	offset = 0;
-	while (offset < buf.len) {
-		struct patch *patch;
-		int nr;
-
-		patch = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*patch));
-		patch->inaccurate_eof = !!(options & INACCURATE_EOF);
-		patch->recount =  !!(options & RECOUNT);
-		nr = parse_chunk(buf.buf + offset, buf.len - offset, patch);
-		if (nr < 0)
-			break;
-		if (apply_in_reverse)
-			reverse_patches(patch);
-		if (use_patch(patch)) {
-			patch_stats(patch);
-			*listp = patch;
-			listp = &patch->next;
-		}
-		else {
-			free_patch(patch);
-			skipped_patch++;
-		}
-		offset += nr;
-	}
-
-	if (!list && !skipped_patch)
-		die(_("unrecognized input"));
-
-	if (whitespace_error && (ws_error_action == die_on_ws_error))
-		apply = 0;
-
-	update_index = check_index && apply;
-	if (update_index && newfd < 0)
-		newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
-
-	if (check_index) {
-		if (read_cache() < 0)
-			die(_("unable to read index file"));
-	}
-
-	if ((check || apply) &&
-	    check_patch_list(list) < 0 &&
-	    !apply_with_reject)
-		exit(1);
-
-	if (apply && write_out_results(list)) {
-		if (apply_with_reject)
-			exit(1);
-		/* with --3way, we still need to write the index out */
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	if (fake_ancestor)
-		build_fake_ancestor(list, fake_ancestor);
-
-	if (diffstat)
-		stat_patch_list(list);
-
-	if (numstat)
-		numstat_patch_list(list);
-
-	if (summary)
-		summary_patch_list(list);
-
-	free_patch_list(list);
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	string_list_clear(&fn_table, 0);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void git_apply_config(void)
-{
-	git_config_get_string_const("apply.whitespace", &apply_default_whitespace);
-	git_config_get_string_const("apply.ignorewhitespace", &apply_default_ignorewhitespace);
-	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
-}
-
-static int option_parse_exclude(const struct option *opt,
-				const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	add_name_limit(arg, 1);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int option_parse_include(const struct option *opt,
-				const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	add_name_limit(arg, 0);
-	has_include = 1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int option_parse_p(const struct option *opt,
-			  const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	p_value = atoi(arg);
-	p_value_known = 1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int option_parse_z(const struct option *opt,
-			  const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	if (unset)
-		line_termination = '\n';
-	else
-		line_termination = 0;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int option_parse_space_change(const struct option *opt,
-			  const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	if (unset)
-		ws_ignore_action = ignore_ws_none;
-	else
-		ws_ignore_action = ignore_ws_change;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int option_parse_whitespace(const struct option *opt,
-				   const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	const char **whitespace_option = opt->value;
-
-	*whitespace_option = arg;
-	parse_whitespace_option(arg);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int option_parse_directory(const struct option *opt,
-				  const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	root_len = strlen(arg);
-	if (root_len && arg[root_len - 1] != '/') {
-		char *new_root;
-		root = new_root = xmalloc(root_len + 2);
-		strcpy(new_root, arg);
-		strcpy(new_root + root_len++, "/");
-	} else
-		root = arg;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int cmd_apply(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix_)
-{
-	int i;
-	int errs = 0;
-	int is_not_gitdir = !startup_info->have_repository;
 	int force_apply = 0;
+	int options = 0;
+	int ret;
+	struct apply_state state;
 
-	const char *whitespace_option = NULL;
-
-	struct option builtin_apply_options[] = {
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude", NULL, N_("path"),
-			N_("don't apply changes matching the given path"),
-			0, option_parse_exclude },
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "include", NULL, N_("path"),
-			N_("apply changes matching the given path"),
-			0, option_parse_include },
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'p', NULL, NULL, N_("num"),
-			N_("remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"),
-			0, option_parse_p },
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "no-add", &no_add,
-			N_("ignore additions made by the patch")),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "stat", &diffstat,
-			N_("instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input")),
-		OPT_NOOP_NOARG(0, "allow-binary-replacement"),
-		OPT_NOOP_NOARG(0, "binary"),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "numstat", &numstat,
-			N_("show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation")),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "summary", &summary,
-			N_("instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input")),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "check", &check,
-			N_("instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable")),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "index", &check_index,
-			N_("make sure the patch is applicable to the current index")),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "cached", &cached,
-			N_("apply a patch without touching the working tree")),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "unsafe-paths", &unsafe_paths,
-			N_("accept a patch that touches outside the working area")),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "apply", &force_apply,
-			N_("also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)")),
-		OPT_BOOL('3', "3way", &threeway,
-			 N_( "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply")),
-		OPT_FILENAME(0, "build-fake-ancestor", &fake_ancestor,
-			N_("build a temporary index based on embedded index information")),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'z', NULL, NULL, NULL,
-			N_("paths are separated with NUL character"),
-			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_z },
-		OPT_INTEGER('C', NULL, &p_context,
-				N_("ensure at least <n> lines of context match")),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "whitespace", &whitespace_option, N_("action"),
-			N_("detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"),
-			0, option_parse_whitespace },
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "ignore-space-change", NULL, NULL,
-			N_("ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"),
-			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_space_change },
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "ignore-whitespace", NULL, NULL,
-			N_("ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"),
-			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_space_change },
-		OPT_BOOL('R', "reverse", &apply_in_reverse,
-			N_("apply the patch in reverse")),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "unidiff-zero", &unidiff_zero,
-			N_("don't expect at least one line of context")),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "reject", &apply_with_reject,
-			N_("leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files")),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "allow-overlap", &allow_overlap,
-			N_("allow overlapping hunks")),
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&apply_verbosely, N_("be verbose")),
-		OPT_BIT(0, "inaccurate-eof", &options,
-			N_("tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"),
-			INACCURATE_EOF),
-		OPT_BIT(0, "recount", &options,
-			N_("do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"),
-			RECOUNT),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "directory", NULL, N_("root"),
-			N_("prepend <root> to all filenames"),
-			0, option_parse_directory },
-		OPT_END()
-	};
-
-	prefix = prefix_;
-	prefix_length = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
-	git_apply_config();
-	if (apply_default_whitespace)
-		parse_whitespace_option(apply_default_whitespace);
-	if (apply_default_ignorewhitespace)
-		parse_ignorewhitespace_option(apply_default_ignorewhitespace);
-
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_apply_options,
-			apply_usage, 0);
-
-	if (apply_with_reject && threeway)
-		die("--reject and --3way cannot be used together.");
-	if (cached && threeway)
-		die("--cached and --3way cannot be used together.");
-	if (threeway) {
-		if (is_not_gitdir)
-			die(_("--3way outside a repository"));
-		check_index = 1;
-	}
-	if (apply_with_reject)
-		apply = apply_verbosely = 1;
-	if (!force_apply && (diffstat || numstat || summary || check || fake_ancestor))
-		apply = 0;
-	if (check_index && is_not_gitdir)
-		die(_("--index outside a repository"));
-	if (cached) {
-		if (is_not_gitdir)
-			die(_("--cached outside a repository"));
-		check_index = 1;
-	}
-	if (check_index)
-		unsafe_paths = 0;
+	if (init_apply_state(&state, the_repository, prefix))
+		exit(128);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		int fd;
+	argc = apply_parse_options(argc, argv,
+				   &state, &force_apply, &options,
+				   apply_usage);
 
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-")) {
-			errs |= apply_patch(0, "<stdin>", options);
-			read_stdin = 0;
-			continue;
-		} else if (0 < prefix_length)
-			arg = prefix_filename(prefix, prefix_length, arg);
+	if (check_apply_state(&state, force_apply))
+		exit(128);
 
-		fd = open(arg, O_RDONLY);
-		if (fd < 0)
-			die_errno(_("can't open patch '%s'"), arg);
-		read_stdin = 0;
-		set_default_whitespace_mode(whitespace_option);
-		errs |= apply_patch(fd, arg, options);
-		close(fd);
-	}
-	set_default_whitespace_mode(whitespace_option);
-	if (read_stdin)
-		errs |= apply_patch(0, "<stdin>", options);
-	if (whitespace_error) {
-		if (squelch_whitespace_errors &&
-		    squelch_whitespace_errors < whitespace_error) {
-			int squelched =
-				whitespace_error - squelch_whitespace_errors;
-			warning(Q_("squelched %d whitespace error",
-				   "squelched %d whitespace errors",
-				   squelched),
-				squelched);
-		}
-		if (ws_error_action == die_on_ws_error)
-			die(Q_("%d line adds whitespace errors.",
-			       "%d lines add whitespace errors.",
-			       whitespace_error),
-			    whitespace_error);
-		if (applied_after_fixing_ws && apply)
-			warning("%d line%s applied after"
-				" fixing whitespace errors.",
-				applied_after_fixing_ws,
-				applied_after_fixing_ws == 1 ? "" : "s");
-		else if (whitespace_error)
-			warning(Q_("%d line adds whitespace errors.",
-				   "%d lines add whitespace errors.",
-				   whitespace_error),
-				whitespace_error);
-	}
+	ret = apply_all_patches(&state, argc, argv, options);
 
-	if (update_index) {
-		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
-			die(_("Unable to write new index file"));
-	}
+	clear_apply_state(&state);
 
-	return !!errs;
+	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/archive.c b/builtin/archive.c
index a1e3b940c2..e74f675390 100644
--- a/builtin/archive.c
+++ b/builtin/archive.c
@@ -47,15 +47,15 @@ static int run_remote_archiver(int argc, const char **argv,
 	if (name_hint) {
 		const char *format = archive_format_from_filename(name_hint);
 		if (format)
-			packet_write(fd[1], "argument --format=%s\n", format);
+			packet_write_fmt(fd[1], "argument --format=%s\n", format);
 	}
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
-		packet_write(fd[1], "argument %s\n", argv[i]);
+		packet_write_fmt(fd[1], "argument %s\n", argv[i]);
 	packet_flush(fd[1]);
 
 	buf = packet_read_line(fd[0], NULL);
 	if (!buf)
-		die(_("git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"));
+		die(_("git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"));
 	if (strcmp(buf, "ACK")) {
 		if (starts_with(buf, "NACK "))
 			die(_("git archive: NACK %s"), buf + 5);
@@ -85,8 +85,8 @@ int cmd_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	const char *output = NULL;
 	const char *remote = NULL;
 	struct option local_opts[] = {
-		OPT_STRING('o', "output", &output, N_("file"),
-			N_("write the archive to this file")),
+		OPT_FILENAME('o', "output", &output,
+			     N_("write the archive to this file")),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "remote", &remote, N_("repo"),
 			N_("retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>")),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "exec", &exec, N_("command"),
@@ -105,5 +105,5 @@ int cmd_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	setvbuf(stderr, NULL, _IOLBF, BUFSIZ);
 
-	return write_archive(argc, argv, prefix, 1, output, 0);
+	return write_archive(argc, argv, prefix, the_repository, output, 0);
 }
diff --git a/builtin/bisect--helper.c b/builtin/bisect--helper.c
index 3324229025..4b5fadcbe1 100644
--- a/builtin/bisect--helper.c
+++ b/builtin/bisect--helper.c
@@ -2,19 +2,128 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "bisect.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_bisect_terms, "BISECT_TERMS")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_bisect_expected_rev, "BISECT_EXPECTED_REV")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_bisect_ancestors_ok, "BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK")
 
 static const char * const git_bisect_helper_usage[] = {
 	N_("git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"),
+	N_("git bisect--helper --write-terms <bad_term> <good_term>"),
+	N_("git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"),
 	NULL
 };
 
+/*
+ * Check whether the string `term` belongs to the set of strings
+ * included in the variable arguments.
+ */
+LAST_ARG_MUST_BE_NULL
+static int one_of(const char *term, ...)
+{
+	int res = 0;
+	va_list matches;
+	const char *match;
+
+	va_start(matches, term);
+	while (!res && (match = va_arg(matches, const char *)))
+		res = !strcmp(term, match);
+	va_end(matches);
+
+	return res;
+}
+
+static int check_term_format(const char *term, const char *orig_term)
+{
+	int res;
+	char *new_term = xstrfmt("refs/bisect/%s", term);
+
+	res = check_refname_format(new_term, 0);
+	free(new_term);
+
+	if (res)
+		return error(_("'%s' is not a valid term"), term);
+
+	if (one_of(term, "help", "start", "skip", "next", "reset",
+			"visualize", "view", "replay", "log", "run", "terms", NULL))
+		return error(_("can't use the builtin command '%s' as a term"), term);
+
+	/*
+	 * In theory, nothing prevents swapping completely good and bad,
+	 * but this situation could be confusing and hasn't been tested
+	 * enough. Forbid it for now.
+	 */
+
+	if ((strcmp(orig_term, "bad") && one_of(term, "bad", "new", NULL)) ||
+		 (strcmp(orig_term, "good") && one_of(term, "good", "old", NULL)))
+		return error(_("can't change the meaning of the term '%s'"), term);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_terms(const char *bad, const char *good)
+{
+	FILE *fp = NULL;
+	int res;
+
+	if (!strcmp(bad, good))
+		return error(_("please use two different terms"));
+
+	if (check_term_format(bad, "bad") || check_term_format(good, "good"))
+		return -1;
+
+	fp = fopen(git_path_bisect_terms(), "w");
+	if (!fp)
+		return error_errno(_("could not open the file BISECT_TERMS"));
+
+	res = fprintf(fp, "%s\n%s\n", bad, good);
+	res |= fclose(fp);
+	return (res < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+static int is_expected_rev(const char *expected_hex)
+{
+	struct strbuf actual_hex = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int res = 0;
+	if (strbuf_read_file(&actual_hex, git_path_bisect_expected_rev(), 0) >= 40) {
+		strbuf_trim(&actual_hex);
+		res = !strcmp(actual_hex.buf, expected_hex);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&actual_hex);
+	return res;
+}
+
+static void check_expected_revs(const char **revs, int rev_nr)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < rev_nr; i++) {
+		if (!is_expected_rev(revs[i])) {
+			unlink_or_warn(git_path_bisect_ancestors_ok());
+			unlink_or_warn(git_path_bisect_expected_rev());
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 int cmd_bisect__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int next_all = 0;
+	enum {
+		NEXT_ALL = 1,
+		WRITE_TERMS,
+		BISECT_CLEAN_STATE,
+		CHECK_EXPECTED_REVS
+	} cmdmode = 0;
 	int no_checkout = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "next-all", &next_all,
-			 N_("perform 'git bisect next'")),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "next-all", &cmdmode,
+			 N_("perform 'git bisect next'"), NEXT_ALL),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "write-terms", &cmdmode,
+			 N_("write the terms to .git/BISECT_TERMS"), WRITE_TERMS),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "bisect-clean-state", &cmdmode,
+			 N_("cleanup the bisection state"), BISECT_CLEAN_STATE),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "check-expected-revs", &cmdmode,
+			 N_("check for expected revs"), CHECK_EXPECTED_REVS),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "no-checkout", &no_checkout,
 			 N_("update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit")),
 		OPT_END()
@@ -23,9 +132,25 @@ int cmd_bisect__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options,
 			     git_bisect_helper_usage, 0);
 
-	if (!next_all)
+	if (!cmdmode)
 		usage_with_options(git_bisect_helper_usage, options);
 
-	/* next-all */
-	return bisect_next_all(prefix, no_checkout);
+	switch (cmdmode) {
+	case NEXT_ALL:
+		return bisect_next_all(prefix, no_checkout);
+	case WRITE_TERMS:
+		if (argc != 2)
+			return error(_("--write-terms requires two arguments"));
+		return write_terms(argv[0], argv[1]);
+	case BISECT_CLEAN_STATE:
+		if (argc != 0)
+			return error(_("--bisect-clean-state requires no arguments"));
+		return bisect_clean_state();
+	case CHECK_EXPECTED_REVS:
+		check_expected_revs(argv, argc);
+		return 0;
+	default:
+		return error("BUG: unknown subcommand '%d'", cmdmode);
+	}
+	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/blame.c b/builtin/blame.c
index 06484c2e0e..c2da673ac8 100644
--- a/builtin/blame.c
+++ b/builtin/blame.c
@@ -6,28 +6,29 @@
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "color.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
-#include "blob.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "commit.h"
-#include "tag.h"
-#include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "diff.h"
-#include "diffcore.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "quote.h"
-#include "xdiff-interface.h"
-#include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "mailmap.h"
-#include "mergesort.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "prio-queue.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
 #include "userdiff.h"
 #include "line-range.h"
 #include "line-log.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "progress.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "blame.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
 
-static char blame_usage[] = N_("git blame [<options>] [<rev-opts>] [<rev>] [--] file");
+static char blame_usage[] = N_("git blame [<options>] [<rev-opts>] [<rev>] [--] <file>");
 
 static const char *blame_opt_usage[] = {
 	blame_usage,
@@ -48,1501 +49,34 @@ static int incremental;
 static int xdl_opts;
 static int abbrev = -1;
 static int no_whole_file_rename;
+static int show_progress;
+static char repeated_meta_color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
+static int coloring_mode;
 
-static enum date_mode blame_date_mode = DATE_ISO8601;
+static struct date_mode blame_date_mode = { DATE_ISO8601 };
 static size_t blame_date_width;
 
-static struct string_list mailmap;
+static struct string_list mailmap = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 
 #ifndef DEBUG
 #define DEBUG 0
 #endif
 
-/* stats */
-static int num_read_blob;
-static int num_get_patch;
-static int num_commits;
-
-#define PICKAXE_BLAME_MOVE		01
-#define PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY		02
-#define PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDER	04
-#define PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDEST	010
-
-/*
- * blame for a blame_entry with score lower than these thresholds
- * is not passed to the parent using move/copy logic.
- */
 static unsigned blame_move_score;
 static unsigned blame_copy_score;
-#define BLAME_DEFAULT_MOVE_SCORE	20
-#define BLAME_DEFAULT_COPY_SCORE	40
 
 /* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
 #define METAINFO_SHOWN		(1u<<12)
 #define MORE_THAN_ONE_PATH	(1u<<13)
 
-/*
- * One blob in a commit that is being suspected
- */
-struct origin {
-	int refcnt;
-	/* Record preceding blame record for this blob */
-	struct origin *previous;
-	/* origins are put in a list linked via `next' hanging off the
-	 * corresponding commit's util field in order to make finding
-	 * them fast.  The presence in this chain does not count
-	 * towards the origin's reference count.  It is tempting to
-	 * let it count as long as the commit is pending examination,
-	 * but even under circumstances where the commit will be
-	 * present multiple times in the priority queue of unexamined
-	 * commits, processing the first instance will not leave any
-	 * work requiring the origin data for the second instance.  An
-	 * interspersed commit changing that would have to be
-	 * preexisting with a different ancestry and with the same
-	 * commit date in order to wedge itself between two instances
-	 * of the same commit in the priority queue _and_ produce
-	 * blame entries relevant for it.  While we don't want to let
-	 * us get tripped up by this case, it certainly does not seem
-	 * worth optimizing for.
-	 */
-	struct origin *next;
-	struct commit *commit;
-	/* `suspects' contains blame entries that may be attributed to
-	 * this origin's commit or to parent commits.  When a commit
-	 * is being processed, all suspects will be moved, either by
-	 * assigning them to an origin in a different commit, or by
-	 * shipping them to the scoreboard's ent list because they
-	 * cannot be attributed to a different commit.
-	 */
-	struct blame_entry *suspects;
-	mmfile_t file;
-	unsigned char blob_sha1[20];
-	unsigned mode;
-	/* guilty gets set when shipping any suspects to the final
-	 * blame list instead of other commits
-	 */
-	char guilty;
-	char path[FLEX_ARRAY];
-};
-
-static int diff_hunks(mmfile_t *file_a, mmfile_t *file_b, long ctxlen,
-		      xdl_emit_hunk_consume_func_t hunk_func, void *cb_data)
-{
-	xpparam_t xpp = {0};
-	xdemitconf_t xecfg = {0};
-	xdemitcb_t ecb = {NULL};
-
-	xpp.flags = xdl_opts;
-	xecfg.ctxlen = ctxlen;
-	xecfg.hunk_func = hunk_func;
-	ecb.priv = cb_data;
-	return xdi_diff(file_a, file_b, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
-}
-
-/*
- * Prepare diff_filespec and convert it using diff textconv API
- * if the textconv driver exists.
- * Return 1 if the conversion succeeds, 0 otherwise.
- */
-int textconv_object(const char *path,
-		    unsigned mode,
-		    const unsigned char *sha1,
-		    int sha1_valid,
-		    char **buf,
-		    unsigned long *buf_size)
-{
-	struct diff_filespec *df;
-	struct userdiff_driver *textconv;
-
-	df = alloc_filespec(path);
-	fill_filespec(df, sha1, sha1_valid, mode);
-	textconv = get_textconv(df);
-	if (!textconv) {
-		free_filespec(df);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	*buf_size = fill_textconv(textconv, df, buf);
-	free_filespec(df);
-	return 1;
-}
-
-/*
- * Given an origin, prepare mmfile_t structure to be used by the
- * diff machinery
- */
-static void fill_origin_blob(struct diff_options *opt,
-			     struct origin *o, mmfile_t *file)
-{
-	if (!o->file.ptr) {
-		enum object_type type;
-		unsigned long file_size;
-
-		num_read_blob++;
-		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV) &&
-		    textconv_object(o->path, o->mode, o->blob_sha1, 1, &file->ptr, &file_size))
-			;
-		else
-			file->ptr = read_sha1_file(o->blob_sha1, &type, &file_size);
-		file->size = file_size;
-
-		if (!file->ptr)
-			die("Cannot read blob %s for path %s",
-			    sha1_to_hex(o->blob_sha1),
-			    o->path);
-		o->file = *file;
-	}
-	else
-		*file = o->file;
-}
-
-/*
- * Origin is refcounted and usually we keep the blob contents to be
- * reused.
- */
-static inline struct origin *origin_incref(struct origin *o)
-{
-	if (o)
-		o->refcnt++;
-	return o;
-}
-
-static void origin_decref(struct origin *o)
-{
-	if (o && --o->refcnt <= 0) {
-		struct origin *p, *l = NULL;
-		if (o->previous)
-			origin_decref(o->previous);
-		free(o->file.ptr);
-		/* Should be present exactly once in commit chain */
-		for (p = o->commit->util; p; l = p, p = p->next) {
-			if (p == o) {
-				if (l)
-					l->next = p->next;
-				else
-					o->commit->util = p->next;
-				free(o);
-				return;
-			}
-		}
-		die("internal error in blame::origin_decref");
-	}
-}
-
-static void drop_origin_blob(struct origin *o)
-{
-	if (o->file.ptr) {
-		free(o->file.ptr);
-		o->file.ptr = NULL;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Each group of lines is described by a blame_entry; it can be split
- * as we pass blame to the parents.  They are arranged in linked lists
- * kept as `suspects' of some unprocessed origin, or entered (when the
- * blame origin has been finalized) into the scoreboard structure.
- * While the scoreboard structure is only sorted at the end of
- * processing (according to final image line number), the lists
- * attached to an origin are sorted by the target line number.
- */
-struct blame_entry {
-	struct blame_entry *next;
-
-	/* the first line of this group in the final image;
-	 * internally all line numbers are 0 based.
-	 */
-	int lno;
-
-	/* how many lines this group has */
-	int num_lines;
-
-	/* the commit that introduced this group into the final image */
-	struct origin *suspect;
-
-	/* the line number of the first line of this group in the
-	 * suspect's file; internally all line numbers are 0 based.
-	 */
-	int s_lno;
-
-	/* how significant this entry is -- cached to avoid
-	 * scanning the lines over and over.
-	 */
-	unsigned score;
-};
-
-/*
- * Any merge of blames happens on lists of blames that arrived via
- * different parents in a single suspect.  In this case, we want to
- * sort according to the suspect line numbers as opposed to the final
- * image line numbers.  The function body is somewhat longish because
- * it avoids unnecessary writes.
- */
-
-static struct blame_entry *blame_merge(struct blame_entry *list1,
-				       struct blame_entry *list2)
-{
-	struct blame_entry *p1 = list1, *p2 = list2,
-		**tail = &list1;
-
-	if (!p1)
-		return p2;
-	if (!p2)
-		return p1;
-
-	if (p1->s_lno <= p2->s_lno) {
-		do {
-			tail = &p1->next;
-			if ((p1 = *tail) == NULL) {
-				*tail = p2;
-				return list1;
-			}
-		} while (p1->s_lno <= p2->s_lno);
-	}
-	for (;;) {
-		*tail = p2;
-		do {
-			tail = &p2->next;
-			if ((p2 = *tail) == NULL)  {
-				*tail = p1;
-				return list1;
-			}
-		} while (p1->s_lno > p2->s_lno);
-		*tail = p1;
-		do {
-			tail = &p1->next;
-			if ((p1 = *tail) == NULL) {
-				*tail = p2;
-				return list1;
-			}
-		} while (p1->s_lno <= p2->s_lno);
-	}
-}
-
-static void *get_next_blame(const void *p)
-{
-	return ((struct blame_entry *)p)->next;
-}
-
-static void set_next_blame(void *p1, void *p2)
-{
-	((struct blame_entry *)p1)->next = p2;
-}
-
-/*
- * Final image line numbers are all different, so we don't need a
- * three-way comparison here.
- */
-
-static int compare_blame_final(const void *p1, const void *p2)
-{
-	return ((struct blame_entry *)p1)->lno > ((struct blame_entry *)p2)->lno
-		? 1 : -1;
-}
-
-static int compare_blame_suspect(const void *p1, const void *p2)
-{
-	const struct blame_entry *s1 = p1, *s2 = p2;
-	/*
-	 * to allow for collating suspects, we sort according to the
-	 * respective pointer value as the primary sorting criterion.
-	 * The actual relation is pretty unimportant as long as it
-	 * establishes a total order.  Comparing as integers gives us
-	 * that.
-	 */
-	if (s1->suspect != s2->suspect)
-		return (intptr_t)s1->suspect > (intptr_t)s2->suspect ? 1 : -1;
-	if (s1->s_lno == s2->s_lno)
-		return 0;
-	return s1->s_lno > s2->s_lno ? 1 : -1;
-}
-
-static struct blame_entry *blame_sort(struct blame_entry *head,
-				      int (*compare_fn)(const void *, const void *))
-{
-	return llist_mergesort (head, get_next_blame, set_next_blame, compare_fn);
-}
-
-static int compare_commits_by_reverse_commit_date(const void *a,
-						  const void *b,
-						  void *c)
-{
-	return -compare_commits_by_commit_date(a, b, c);
-}
-
-/*
- * The current state of the blame assignment.
- */
-struct scoreboard {
-	/* the final commit (i.e. where we started digging from) */
-	struct commit *final;
-	/* Priority queue for commits with unassigned blame records */
-	struct prio_queue commits;
-	struct rev_info *revs;
-	const char *path;
-
-	/*
-	 * The contents in the final image.
-	 * Used by many functions to obtain contents of the nth line,
-	 * indexed with scoreboard.lineno[blame_entry.lno].
-	 */
-	const char *final_buf;
-	unsigned long final_buf_size;
-
-	/* linked list of blames */
-	struct blame_entry *ent;
-
-	/* look-up a line in the final buffer */
-	int num_lines;
-	int *lineno;
+struct progress_info {
+	struct progress *progress;
+	int blamed_lines;
 };
 
-static void sanity_check_refcnt(struct scoreboard *);
-
-/*
- * If two blame entries that are next to each other came from
- * contiguous lines in the same origin (i.e. <commit, path> pair),
- * merge them together.
- */
-static void coalesce(struct scoreboard *sb)
-{
-	struct blame_entry *ent, *next;
-
-	for (ent = sb->ent; ent && (next = ent->next); ent = next) {
-		if (ent->suspect == next->suspect &&
-		    ent->s_lno + ent->num_lines == next->s_lno) {
-			ent->num_lines += next->num_lines;
-			ent->next = next->next;
-			origin_decref(next->suspect);
-			free(next);
-			ent->score = 0;
-			next = ent; /* again */
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (DEBUG) /* sanity */
-		sanity_check_refcnt(sb);
-}
-
-/*
- * Merge the given sorted list of blames into a preexisting origin.
- * If there were no previous blames to that commit, it is entered into
- * the commit priority queue of the score board.
- */
-
-static void queue_blames(struct scoreboard *sb, struct origin *porigin,
-			 struct blame_entry *sorted)
-{
-	if (porigin->suspects)
-		porigin->suspects = blame_merge(porigin->suspects, sorted);
-	else {
-		struct origin *o;
-		for (o = porigin->commit->util; o; o = o->next) {
-			if (o->suspects) {
-				porigin->suspects = sorted;
-				return;
-			}
-		}
-		porigin->suspects = sorted;
-		prio_queue_put(&sb->commits, porigin->commit);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Given a commit and a path in it, create a new origin structure.
- * The callers that add blame to the scoreboard should use
- * get_origin() to obtain shared, refcounted copy instead of calling
- * this function directly.
- */
-static struct origin *make_origin(struct commit *commit, const char *path)
-{
-	struct origin *o;
-	o = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*o) + strlen(path) + 1);
-	o->commit = commit;
-	o->refcnt = 1;
-	o->next = commit->util;
-	commit->util = o;
-	strcpy(o->path, path);
-	return o;
-}
-
-/*
- * Locate an existing origin or create a new one.
- * This moves the origin to front position in the commit util list.
- */
-static struct origin *get_origin(struct scoreboard *sb,
-				 struct commit *commit,
-				 const char *path)
-{
-	struct origin *o, *l;
-
-	for (o = commit->util, l = NULL; o; l = o, o = o->next) {
-		if (!strcmp(o->path, path)) {
-			/* bump to front */
-			if (l) {
-				l->next = o->next;
-				o->next = commit->util;
-				commit->util = o;
-			}
-			return origin_incref(o);
-		}
-	}
-	return make_origin(commit, path);
-}
-
-/*
- * Fill the blob_sha1 field of an origin if it hasn't, so that later
- * call to fill_origin_blob() can use it to locate the data.  blob_sha1
- * for an origin is also used to pass the blame for the entire file to
- * the parent to detect the case where a child's blob is identical to
- * that of its parent's.
- *
- * This also fills origin->mode for corresponding tree path.
- */
-static int fill_blob_sha1_and_mode(struct origin *origin)
-{
-	if (!is_null_sha1(origin->blob_sha1))
-		return 0;
-	if (get_tree_entry(origin->commit->object.sha1,
-			   origin->path,
-			   origin->blob_sha1, &origin->mode))
-		goto error_out;
-	if (sha1_object_info(origin->blob_sha1, NULL) != OBJ_BLOB)
-		goto error_out;
-	return 0;
- error_out:
-	hashclr(origin->blob_sha1);
-	origin->mode = S_IFINVALID;
-	return -1;
-}
-
-/*
- * We have an origin -- check if the same path exists in the
- * parent and return an origin structure to represent it.
- */
-static struct origin *find_origin(struct scoreboard *sb,
-				  struct commit *parent,
-				  struct origin *origin)
-{
-	struct origin *porigin;
-	struct diff_options diff_opts;
-	const char *paths[2];
-
-	/* First check any existing origins */
-	for (porigin = parent->util; porigin; porigin = porigin->next)
-		if (!strcmp(porigin->path, origin->path)) {
-			/*
-			 * The same path between origin and its parent
-			 * without renaming -- the most common case.
-			 */
-			return origin_incref (porigin);
-		}
-
-	/* See if the origin->path is different between parent
-	 * and origin first.  Most of the time they are the
-	 * same and diff-tree is fairly efficient about this.
-	 */
-	diff_setup(&diff_opts);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&diff_opts, RECURSIVE);
-	diff_opts.detect_rename = 0;
-	diff_opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
-	paths[0] = origin->path;
-	paths[1] = NULL;
-
-	parse_pathspec(&diff_opts.pathspec,
-		       PATHSPEC_ALL_MAGIC & ~PATHSPEC_LITERAL,
-		       PATHSPEC_LITERAL_PATH, "", paths);
-	diff_setup_done(&diff_opts);
-
-	if (is_null_sha1(origin->commit->object.sha1))
-		do_diff_cache(parent->tree->object.sha1, &diff_opts);
-	else
-		diff_tree_sha1(parent->tree->object.sha1,
-			       origin->commit->tree->object.sha1,
-			       "", &diff_opts);
-	diffcore_std(&diff_opts);
-
-	if (!diff_queued_diff.nr) {
-		/* The path is the same as parent */
-		porigin = get_origin(sb, parent, origin->path);
-		hashcpy(porigin->blob_sha1, origin->blob_sha1);
-		porigin->mode = origin->mode;
-	} else {
-		/*
-		 * Since origin->path is a pathspec, if the parent
-		 * commit had it as a directory, we will see a whole
-		 * bunch of deletion of files in the directory that we
-		 * do not care about.
-		 */
-		int i;
-		struct diff_filepair *p = NULL;
-		for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++) {
-			const char *name;
-			p = diff_queued_diff.queue[i];
-			name = p->one->path ? p->one->path : p->two->path;
-			if (!strcmp(name, origin->path))
-				break;
-		}
-		if (!p)
-			die("internal error in blame::find_origin");
-		switch (p->status) {
-		default:
-			die("internal error in blame::find_origin (%c)",
-			    p->status);
-		case 'M':
-			porigin = get_origin(sb, parent, origin->path);
-			hashcpy(porigin->blob_sha1, p->one->sha1);
-			porigin->mode = p->one->mode;
-			break;
-		case 'A':
-		case 'T':
-			/* Did not exist in parent, or type changed */
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	diff_flush(&diff_opts);
-	free_pathspec(&diff_opts.pathspec);
-	return porigin;
-}
-
-/*
- * We have an origin -- find the path that corresponds to it in its
- * parent and return an origin structure to represent it.
- */
-static struct origin *find_rename(struct scoreboard *sb,
-				  struct commit *parent,
-				  struct origin *origin)
-{
-	struct origin *porigin = NULL;
-	struct diff_options diff_opts;
-	int i;
-
-	diff_setup(&diff_opts);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&diff_opts, RECURSIVE);
-	diff_opts.detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
-	diff_opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
-	diff_opts.single_follow = origin->path;
-	diff_setup_done(&diff_opts);
-
-	if (is_null_sha1(origin->commit->object.sha1))
-		do_diff_cache(parent->tree->object.sha1, &diff_opts);
-	else
-		diff_tree_sha1(parent->tree->object.sha1,
-			       origin->commit->tree->object.sha1,
-			       "", &diff_opts);
-	diffcore_std(&diff_opts);
-
-	for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++) {
-		struct diff_filepair *p = diff_queued_diff.queue[i];
-		if ((p->status == 'R' || p->status == 'C') &&
-		    !strcmp(p->two->path, origin->path)) {
-			porigin = get_origin(sb, parent, p->one->path);
-			hashcpy(porigin->blob_sha1, p->one->sha1);
-			porigin->mode = p->one->mode;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	diff_flush(&diff_opts);
-	free_pathspec(&diff_opts.pathspec);
-	return porigin;
-}
-
-/*
- * Append a new blame entry to a given output queue.
- */
-static void add_blame_entry(struct blame_entry ***queue, struct blame_entry *e)
-{
-	origin_incref(e->suspect);
-
-	e->next = **queue;
-	**queue = e;
-	*queue = &e->next;
-}
-
-/*
- * src typically is on-stack; we want to copy the information in it to
- * a malloced blame_entry that gets added to the given queue.  The
- * origin of dst loses a refcnt.
- */
-static void dup_entry(struct blame_entry ***queue,
-		      struct blame_entry *dst, struct blame_entry *src)
-{
-	origin_incref(src->suspect);
-	origin_decref(dst->suspect);
-	memcpy(dst, src, sizeof(*src));
-	dst->next = **queue;
-	**queue = dst;
-	*queue = &dst->next;
-}
-
-static const char *nth_line(struct scoreboard *sb, long lno)
-{
-	return sb->final_buf + sb->lineno[lno];
-}
-
 static const char *nth_line_cb(void *data, long lno)
 {
-	return nth_line((struct scoreboard *)data, lno);
-}
-
-/*
- * It is known that lines between tlno to same came from parent, and e
- * has an overlap with that range.  it also is known that parent's
- * line plno corresponds to e's line tlno.
- *
- *                <---- e ----->
- *                   <------>
- *                   <------------>
- *             <------------>
- *             <------------------>
- *
- * Split e into potentially three parts; before this chunk, the chunk
- * to be blamed for the parent, and after that portion.
- */
-static void split_overlap(struct blame_entry *split,
-			  struct blame_entry *e,
-			  int tlno, int plno, int same,
-			  struct origin *parent)
-{
-	int chunk_end_lno;
-	memset(split, 0, sizeof(struct blame_entry [3]));
-
-	if (e->s_lno < tlno) {
-		/* there is a pre-chunk part not blamed on parent */
-		split[0].suspect = origin_incref(e->suspect);
-		split[0].lno = e->lno;
-		split[0].s_lno = e->s_lno;
-		split[0].num_lines = tlno - e->s_lno;
-		split[1].lno = e->lno + tlno - e->s_lno;
-		split[1].s_lno = plno;
-	}
-	else {
-		split[1].lno = e->lno;
-		split[1].s_lno = plno + (e->s_lno - tlno);
-	}
-
-	if (same < e->s_lno + e->num_lines) {
-		/* there is a post-chunk part not blamed on parent */
-		split[2].suspect = origin_incref(e->suspect);
-		split[2].lno = e->lno + (same - e->s_lno);
-		split[2].s_lno = e->s_lno + (same - e->s_lno);
-		split[2].num_lines = e->s_lno + e->num_lines - same;
-		chunk_end_lno = split[2].lno;
-	}
-	else
-		chunk_end_lno = e->lno + e->num_lines;
-	split[1].num_lines = chunk_end_lno - split[1].lno;
-
-	/*
-	 * if it turns out there is nothing to blame the parent for,
-	 * forget about the splitting.  !split[1].suspect signals this.
-	 */
-	if (split[1].num_lines < 1)
-		return;
-	split[1].suspect = origin_incref(parent);
-}
-
-/*
- * split_overlap() divided an existing blame e into up to three parts
- * in split.  Any assigned blame is moved to queue to
- * reflect the split.
- */
-static void split_blame(struct blame_entry ***blamed,
-			struct blame_entry ***unblamed,
-			struct blame_entry *split,
-			struct blame_entry *e)
-{
-	struct blame_entry *new_entry;
-
-	if (split[0].suspect && split[2].suspect) {
-		/* The first part (reuse storage for the existing entry e) */
-		dup_entry(unblamed, e, &split[0]);
-
-		/* The last part -- me */
-		new_entry = xmalloc(sizeof(*new_entry));
-		memcpy(new_entry, &(split[2]), sizeof(struct blame_entry));
-		add_blame_entry(unblamed, new_entry);
-
-		/* ... and the middle part -- parent */
-		new_entry = xmalloc(sizeof(*new_entry));
-		memcpy(new_entry, &(split[1]), sizeof(struct blame_entry));
-		add_blame_entry(blamed, new_entry);
-	}
-	else if (!split[0].suspect && !split[2].suspect)
-		/*
-		 * The parent covers the entire area; reuse storage for
-		 * e and replace it with the parent.
-		 */
-		dup_entry(blamed, e, &split[1]);
-	else if (split[0].suspect) {
-		/* me and then parent */
-		dup_entry(unblamed, e, &split[0]);
-
-		new_entry = xmalloc(sizeof(*new_entry));
-		memcpy(new_entry, &(split[1]), sizeof(struct blame_entry));
-		add_blame_entry(blamed, new_entry);
-	}
-	else {
-		/* parent and then me */
-		dup_entry(blamed, e, &split[1]);
-
-		new_entry = xmalloc(sizeof(*new_entry));
-		memcpy(new_entry, &(split[2]), sizeof(struct blame_entry));
-		add_blame_entry(unblamed, new_entry);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * After splitting the blame, the origins used by the
- * on-stack blame_entry should lose one refcnt each.
- */
-static void decref_split(struct blame_entry *split)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
-		origin_decref(split[i].suspect);
-}
-
-/*
- * reverse_blame reverses the list given in head, appending tail.
- * That allows us to build lists in reverse order, then reverse them
- * afterwards.  This can be faster than building the list in proper
- * order right away.  The reason is that building in proper order
- * requires writing a link in the _previous_ element, while building
- * in reverse order just requires placing the list head into the
- * _current_ element.
- */
-
-static struct blame_entry *reverse_blame(struct blame_entry *head,
-					 struct blame_entry *tail)
-{
-	while (head) {
-		struct blame_entry *next = head->next;
-		head->next = tail;
-		tail = head;
-		head = next;
-	}
-	return tail;
-}
-
-/*
- * Process one hunk from the patch between the current suspect for
- * blame_entry e and its parent.  This first blames any unfinished
- * entries before the chunk (which is where target and parent start
- * differing) on the parent, and then splits blame entries at the
- * start and at the end of the difference region.  Since use of -M and
- * -C options may lead to overlapping/duplicate source line number
- * ranges, all we can rely on from sorting/merging is the order of the
- * first suspect line number.
- */
-static void blame_chunk(struct blame_entry ***dstq, struct blame_entry ***srcq,
-			int tlno, int offset, int same,
-			struct origin *parent)
-{
-	struct blame_entry *e = **srcq;
-	struct blame_entry *samep = NULL, *diffp = NULL;
-
-	while (e && e->s_lno < tlno) {
-		struct blame_entry *next = e->next;
-		/*
-		 * current record starts before differing portion.  If
-		 * it reaches into it, we need to split it up and
-		 * examine the second part separately.
-		 */
-		if (e->s_lno + e->num_lines > tlno) {
-			/* Move second half to a new record */
-			int len = tlno - e->s_lno;
-			struct blame_entry *n = xcalloc(1, sizeof (struct blame_entry));
-			n->suspect = e->suspect;
-			n->lno = e->lno + len;
-			n->s_lno = e->s_lno + len;
-			n->num_lines = e->num_lines - len;
-			e->num_lines = len;
-			e->score = 0;
-			/* Push new record to diffp */
-			n->next = diffp;
-			diffp = n;
-		} else
-			origin_decref(e->suspect);
-		/* Pass blame for everything before the differing
-		 * chunk to the parent */
-		e->suspect = origin_incref(parent);
-		e->s_lno += offset;
-		e->next = samep;
-		samep = e;
-		e = next;
-	}
-	/*
-	 * As we don't know how much of a common stretch after this
-	 * diff will occur, the currently blamed parts are all that we
-	 * can assign to the parent for now.
-	 */
-
-	if (samep) {
-		**dstq = reverse_blame(samep, **dstq);
-		*dstq = &samep->next;
-	}
-	/*
-	 * Prepend the split off portions: everything after e starts
-	 * after the blameable portion.
-	 */
-	e = reverse_blame(diffp, e);
-
-	/*
-	 * Now retain records on the target while parts are different
-	 * from the parent.
-	 */
-	samep = NULL;
-	diffp = NULL;
-	while (e && e->s_lno < same) {
-		struct blame_entry *next = e->next;
-
-		/*
-		 * If current record extends into sameness, need to split.
-		 */
-		if (e->s_lno + e->num_lines > same) {
-			/*
-			 * Move second half to a new record to be
-			 * processed by later chunks
-			 */
-			int len = same - e->s_lno;
-			struct blame_entry *n = xcalloc(1, sizeof (struct blame_entry));
-			n->suspect = origin_incref(e->suspect);
-			n->lno = e->lno + len;
-			n->s_lno = e->s_lno + len;
-			n->num_lines = e->num_lines - len;
-			e->num_lines = len;
-			e->score = 0;
-			/* Push new record to samep */
-			n->next = samep;
-			samep = n;
-		}
-		e->next = diffp;
-		diffp = e;
-		e = next;
-	}
-	**srcq = reverse_blame(diffp, reverse_blame(samep, e));
-	/* Move across elements that are in the unblamable portion */
-	if (diffp)
-		*srcq = &diffp->next;
-}
-
-struct blame_chunk_cb_data {
-	struct origin *parent;
-	long offset;
-	struct blame_entry **dstq;
-	struct blame_entry **srcq;
-};
-
-/* diff chunks are from parent to target */
-static int blame_chunk_cb(long start_a, long count_a,
-			  long start_b, long count_b, void *data)
-{
-	struct blame_chunk_cb_data *d = data;
-	if (start_a - start_b != d->offset)
-		die("internal error in blame::blame_chunk_cb");
-	blame_chunk(&d->dstq, &d->srcq, start_b, start_a - start_b,
-		    start_b + count_b, d->parent);
-	d->offset = start_a + count_a - (start_b + count_b);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * We are looking at the origin 'target' and aiming to pass blame
- * for the lines it is suspected to its parent.  Run diff to find
- * which lines came from parent and pass blame for them.
- */
-static void pass_blame_to_parent(struct scoreboard *sb,
-				 struct origin *target,
-				 struct origin *parent)
-{
-	mmfile_t file_p, file_o;
-	struct blame_chunk_cb_data d;
-	struct blame_entry *newdest = NULL;
-
-	if (!target->suspects)
-		return; /* nothing remains for this target */
-
-	d.parent = parent;
-	d.offset = 0;
-	d.dstq = &newdest; d.srcq = &target->suspects;
-
-	fill_origin_blob(&sb->revs->diffopt, parent, &file_p);
-	fill_origin_blob(&sb->revs->diffopt, target, &file_o);
-	num_get_patch++;
-
-	diff_hunks(&file_p, &file_o, 0, blame_chunk_cb, &d);
-	/* The rest are the same as the parent */
-	blame_chunk(&d.dstq, &d.srcq, INT_MAX, d.offset, INT_MAX, parent);
-	*d.dstq = NULL;
-	queue_blames(sb, parent, newdest);
-
-	return;
-}
-
-/*
- * The lines in blame_entry after splitting blames many times can become
- * very small and trivial, and at some point it becomes pointless to
- * blame the parents.  E.g. "\t\t}\n\t}\n\n" appears everywhere in any
- * ordinary C program, and it is not worth to say it was copied from
- * totally unrelated file in the parent.
- *
- * Compute how trivial the lines in the blame_entry are.
- */
-static unsigned ent_score(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *e)
-{
-	unsigned score;
-	const char *cp, *ep;
-
-	if (e->score)
-		return e->score;
-
-	score = 1;
-	cp = nth_line(sb, e->lno);
-	ep = nth_line(sb, e->lno + e->num_lines);
-	while (cp < ep) {
-		unsigned ch = *((unsigned char *)cp);
-		if (isalnum(ch))
-			score++;
-		cp++;
-	}
-	e->score = score;
-	return score;
-}
-
-/*
- * best_so_far[] and this[] are both a split of an existing blame_entry
- * that passes blame to the parent.  Maintain best_so_far the best split
- * so far, by comparing this and best_so_far and copying this into
- * bst_so_far as needed.
- */
-static void copy_split_if_better(struct scoreboard *sb,
-				 struct blame_entry *best_so_far,
-				 struct blame_entry *this)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	if (!this[1].suspect)
-		return;
-	if (best_so_far[1].suspect) {
-		if (ent_score(sb, &this[1]) < ent_score(sb, &best_so_far[1]))
-			return;
-	}
-
-	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
-		origin_incref(this[i].suspect);
-	decref_split(best_so_far);
-	memcpy(best_so_far, this, sizeof(struct blame_entry [3]));
-}
-
-/*
- * We are looking at a part of the final image represented by
- * ent (tlno and same are offset by ent->s_lno).
- * tlno is where we are looking at in the final image.
- * up to (but not including) same match preimage.
- * plno is where we are looking at in the preimage.
- *
- * <-------------- final image ---------------------->
- *       <------ent------>
- *         ^tlno ^same
- *    <---------preimage----->
- *         ^plno
- *
- * All line numbers are 0-based.
- */
-static void handle_split(struct scoreboard *sb,
-			 struct blame_entry *ent,
-			 int tlno, int plno, int same,
-			 struct origin *parent,
-			 struct blame_entry *split)
-{
-	if (ent->num_lines <= tlno)
-		return;
-	if (tlno < same) {
-		struct blame_entry this[3];
-		tlno += ent->s_lno;
-		same += ent->s_lno;
-		split_overlap(this, ent, tlno, plno, same, parent);
-		copy_split_if_better(sb, split, this);
-		decref_split(this);
-	}
-}
-
-struct handle_split_cb_data {
-	struct scoreboard *sb;
-	struct blame_entry *ent;
-	struct origin *parent;
-	struct blame_entry *split;
-	long plno;
-	long tlno;
-};
-
-static int handle_split_cb(long start_a, long count_a,
-			   long start_b, long count_b, void *data)
-{
-	struct handle_split_cb_data *d = data;
-	handle_split(d->sb, d->ent, d->tlno, d->plno, start_b, d->parent,
-		     d->split);
-	d->plno = start_a + count_a;
-	d->tlno = start_b + count_b;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Find the lines from parent that are the same as ent so that
- * we can pass blames to it.  file_p has the blob contents for
- * the parent.
- */
-static void find_copy_in_blob(struct scoreboard *sb,
-			      struct blame_entry *ent,
-			      struct origin *parent,
-			      struct blame_entry *split,
-			      mmfile_t *file_p)
-{
-	const char *cp;
-	mmfile_t file_o;
-	struct handle_split_cb_data d;
-
-	memset(&d, 0, sizeof(d));
-	d.sb = sb; d.ent = ent; d.parent = parent; d.split = split;
-	/*
-	 * Prepare mmfile that contains only the lines in ent.
-	 */
-	cp = nth_line(sb, ent->lno);
-	file_o.ptr = (char *) cp;
-	file_o.size = nth_line(sb, ent->lno + ent->num_lines) - cp;
-
-	/*
-	 * file_o is a part of final image we are annotating.
-	 * file_p partially may match that image.
-	 */
-	memset(split, 0, sizeof(struct blame_entry [3]));
-	diff_hunks(file_p, &file_o, 1, handle_split_cb, &d);
-	/* remainder, if any, all match the preimage */
-	handle_split(sb, ent, d.tlno, d.plno, ent->num_lines, parent, split);
-}
-
-/* Move all blame entries from list *source that have a score smaller
- * than score_min to the front of list *small.
- * Returns a pointer to the link pointing to the old head of the small list.
- */
-
-static struct blame_entry **filter_small(struct scoreboard *sb,
-					 struct blame_entry **small,
-					 struct blame_entry **source,
-					 unsigned score_min)
-{
-	struct blame_entry *p = *source;
-	struct blame_entry *oldsmall = *small;
-	while (p) {
-		if (ent_score(sb, p) <= score_min) {
-			*small = p;
-			small = &p->next;
-			p = *small;
-		} else {
-			*source = p;
-			source = &p->next;
-			p = *source;
-		}
-	}
-	*small = oldsmall;
-	*source = NULL;
-	return small;
-}
-
-/*
- * See if lines currently target is suspected for can be attributed to
- * parent.
- */
-static void find_move_in_parent(struct scoreboard *sb,
-				struct blame_entry ***blamed,
-				struct blame_entry **toosmall,
-				struct origin *target,
-				struct origin *parent)
-{
-	struct blame_entry *e, split[3];
-	struct blame_entry *unblamed = target->suspects;
-	struct blame_entry *leftover = NULL;
-	mmfile_t file_p;
-
-	if (!unblamed)
-		return; /* nothing remains for this target */
-
-	fill_origin_blob(&sb->revs->diffopt, parent, &file_p);
-	if (!file_p.ptr)
-		return;
-
-	/* At each iteration, unblamed has a NULL-terminated list of
-	 * entries that have not yet been tested for blame.  leftover
-	 * contains the reversed list of entries that have been tested
-	 * without being assignable to the parent.
-	 */
-	do {
-		struct blame_entry **unblamedtail = &unblamed;
-		struct blame_entry *next;
-		for (e = unblamed; e; e = next) {
-			next = e->next;
-			find_copy_in_blob(sb, e, parent, split, &file_p);
-			if (split[1].suspect &&
-			    blame_move_score < ent_score(sb, &split[1])) {
-				split_blame(blamed, &unblamedtail, split, e);
-			} else {
-				e->next = leftover;
-				leftover = e;
-			}
-			decref_split(split);
-		}
-		*unblamedtail = NULL;
-		toosmall = filter_small(sb, toosmall, &unblamed, blame_move_score);
-	} while (unblamed);
-	target->suspects = reverse_blame(leftover, NULL);
-}
-
-struct blame_list {
-	struct blame_entry *ent;
-	struct blame_entry split[3];
-};
-
-/*
- * Count the number of entries the target is suspected for,
- * and prepare a list of entry and the best split.
- */
-static struct blame_list *setup_blame_list(struct blame_entry *unblamed,
-					   int *num_ents_p)
-{
-	struct blame_entry *e;
-	int num_ents, i;
-	struct blame_list *blame_list = NULL;
-
-	for (e = unblamed, num_ents = 0; e; e = e->next)
-		num_ents++;
-	if (num_ents) {
-		blame_list = xcalloc(num_ents, sizeof(struct blame_list));
-		for (e = unblamed, i = 0; e; e = e->next)
-			blame_list[i++].ent = e;
-	}
-	*num_ents_p = num_ents;
-	return blame_list;
-}
-
-/*
- * For lines target is suspected for, see if we can find code movement
- * across file boundary from the parent commit.  porigin is the path
- * in the parent we already tried.
- */
-static void find_copy_in_parent(struct scoreboard *sb,
-				struct blame_entry ***blamed,
-				struct blame_entry **toosmall,
-				struct origin *target,
-				struct commit *parent,
-				struct origin *porigin,
-				int opt)
-{
-	struct diff_options diff_opts;
-	int i, j;
-	struct blame_list *blame_list;
-	int num_ents;
-	struct blame_entry *unblamed = target->suspects;
-	struct blame_entry *leftover = NULL;
-
-	if (!unblamed)
-		return; /* nothing remains for this target */
-
-	diff_setup(&diff_opts);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&diff_opts, RECURSIVE);
-	diff_opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
-
-	diff_setup_done(&diff_opts);
-
-	/* Try "find copies harder" on new path if requested;
-	 * we do not want to use diffcore_rename() actually to
-	 * match things up; find_copies_harder is set only to
-	 * force diff_tree_sha1() to feed all filepairs to diff_queue,
-	 * and this code needs to be after diff_setup_done(), which
-	 * usually makes find-copies-harder imply copy detection.
-	 */
-	if ((opt & PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDEST)
-	    || ((opt & PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDER)
-		&& (!porigin || strcmp(target->path, porigin->path))))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(&diff_opts, FIND_COPIES_HARDER);
-
-	if (is_null_sha1(target->commit->object.sha1))
-		do_diff_cache(parent->tree->object.sha1, &diff_opts);
-	else
-		diff_tree_sha1(parent->tree->object.sha1,
-			       target->commit->tree->object.sha1,
-			       "", &diff_opts);
-
-	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&diff_opts, FIND_COPIES_HARDER))
-		diffcore_std(&diff_opts);
-
-	do {
-		struct blame_entry **unblamedtail = &unblamed;
-		blame_list = setup_blame_list(unblamed, &num_ents);
-
-		for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++) {
-			struct diff_filepair *p = diff_queued_diff.queue[i];
-			struct origin *norigin;
-			mmfile_t file_p;
-			struct blame_entry this[3];
-
-			if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->one))
-				continue; /* does not exist in parent */
-			if (S_ISGITLINK(p->one->mode))
-				continue; /* ignore git links */
-			if (porigin && !strcmp(p->one->path, porigin->path))
-				/* find_move already dealt with this path */
-				continue;
-
-			norigin = get_origin(sb, parent, p->one->path);
-			hashcpy(norigin->blob_sha1, p->one->sha1);
-			norigin->mode = p->one->mode;
-			fill_origin_blob(&sb->revs->diffopt, norigin, &file_p);
-			if (!file_p.ptr)
-				continue;
-
-			for (j = 0; j < num_ents; j++) {
-				find_copy_in_blob(sb, blame_list[j].ent,
-						  norigin, this, &file_p);
-				copy_split_if_better(sb, blame_list[j].split,
-						     this);
-				decref_split(this);
-			}
-			origin_decref(norigin);
-		}
-
-		for (j = 0; j < num_ents; j++) {
-			struct blame_entry *split = blame_list[j].split;
-			if (split[1].suspect &&
-			    blame_copy_score < ent_score(sb, &split[1])) {
-				split_blame(blamed, &unblamedtail, split,
-					    blame_list[j].ent);
-			} else {
-				blame_list[j].ent->next = leftover;
-				leftover = blame_list[j].ent;
-			}
-			decref_split(split);
-		}
-		free(blame_list);
-		*unblamedtail = NULL;
-		toosmall = filter_small(sb, toosmall, &unblamed, blame_copy_score);
-	} while (unblamed);
-	target->suspects = reverse_blame(leftover, NULL);
-	diff_flush(&diff_opts);
-	free_pathspec(&diff_opts.pathspec);
-}
-
-/*
- * The blobs of origin and porigin exactly match, so everything
- * origin is suspected for can be blamed on the parent.
- */
-static void pass_whole_blame(struct scoreboard *sb,
-			     struct origin *origin, struct origin *porigin)
-{
-	struct blame_entry *e, *suspects;
-
-	if (!porigin->file.ptr && origin->file.ptr) {
-		/* Steal its file */
-		porigin->file = origin->file;
-		origin->file.ptr = NULL;
-	}
-	suspects = origin->suspects;
-	origin->suspects = NULL;
-	for (e = suspects; e; e = e->next) {
-		origin_incref(porigin);
-		origin_decref(e->suspect);
-		e->suspect = porigin;
-	}
-	queue_blames(sb, porigin, suspects);
-}
-
-/*
- * We pass blame from the current commit to its parents.  We keep saying
- * "parent" (and "porigin"), but what we mean is to find scapegoat to
- * exonerate ourselves.
- */
-static struct commit_list *first_scapegoat(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
-{
-	if (!reverse)
-		return commit->parents;
-	return lookup_decoration(&revs->children, &commit->object);
-}
-
-static int num_scapegoats(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
-{
-	struct commit_list *l = first_scapegoat(revs, commit);
-	return commit_list_count(l);
-}
-
-/* Distribute collected unsorted blames to the respected sorted lists
- * in the various origins.
- */
-static void distribute_blame(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *blamed)
-{
-	blamed = blame_sort(blamed, compare_blame_suspect);
-	while (blamed)
-	{
-		struct origin *porigin = blamed->suspect;
-		struct blame_entry *suspects = NULL;
-		do {
-			struct blame_entry *next = blamed->next;
-			blamed->next = suspects;
-			suspects = blamed;
-			blamed = next;
-		} while (blamed && blamed->suspect == porigin);
-		suspects = reverse_blame(suspects, NULL);
-		queue_blames(sb, porigin, suspects);
-	}
-}
-
-#define MAXSG 16
-
-static void pass_blame(struct scoreboard *sb, struct origin *origin, int opt)
-{
-	struct rev_info *revs = sb->revs;
-	int i, pass, num_sg;
-	struct commit *commit = origin->commit;
-	struct commit_list *sg;
-	struct origin *sg_buf[MAXSG];
-	struct origin *porigin, **sg_origin = sg_buf;
-	struct blame_entry *toosmall = NULL;
-	struct blame_entry *blames, **blametail = &blames;
-
-	num_sg = num_scapegoats(revs, commit);
-	if (!num_sg)
-		goto finish;
-	else if (num_sg < ARRAY_SIZE(sg_buf))
-		memset(sg_buf, 0, sizeof(sg_buf));
-	else
-		sg_origin = xcalloc(num_sg, sizeof(*sg_origin));
-
-	/*
-	 * The first pass looks for unrenamed path to optimize for
-	 * common cases, then we look for renames in the second pass.
-	 */
-	for (pass = 0; pass < 2 - no_whole_file_rename; pass++) {
-		struct origin *(*find)(struct scoreboard *,
-				       struct commit *, struct origin *);
-		find = pass ? find_rename : find_origin;
-
-		for (i = 0, sg = first_scapegoat(revs, commit);
-		     i < num_sg && sg;
-		     sg = sg->next, i++) {
-			struct commit *p = sg->item;
-			int j, same;
-
-			if (sg_origin[i])
-				continue;
-			if (parse_commit(p))
-				continue;
-			porigin = find(sb, p, origin);
-			if (!porigin)
-				continue;
-			if (!hashcmp(porigin->blob_sha1, origin->blob_sha1)) {
-				pass_whole_blame(sb, origin, porigin);
-				origin_decref(porigin);
-				goto finish;
-			}
-			for (j = same = 0; j < i; j++)
-				if (sg_origin[j] &&
-				    !hashcmp(sg_origin[j]->blob_sha1,
-					     porigin->blob_sha1)) {
-					same = 1;
-					break;
-				}
-			if (!same)
-				sg_origin[i] = porigin;
-			else
-				origin_decref(porigin);
-		}
-	}
-
-	num_commits++;
-	for (i = 0, sg = first_scapegoat(revs, commit);
-	     i < num_sg && sg;
-	     sg = sg->next, i++) {
-		struct origin *porigin = sg_origin[i];
-		if (!porigin)
-			continue;
-		if (!origin->previous) {
-			origin_incref(porigin);
-			origin->previous = porigin;
-		}
-		pass_blame_to_parent(sb, origin, porigin);
-		if (!origin->suspects)
-			goto finish;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Optionally find moves in parents' files.
-	 */
-	if (opt & PICKAXE_BLAME_MOVE) {
-		filter_small(sb, &toosmall, &origin->suspects, blame_move_score);
-		if (origin->suspects) {
-			for (i = 0, sg = first_scapegoat(revs, commit);
-			     i < num_sg && sg;
-			     sg = sg->next, i++) {
-				struct origin *porigin = sg_origin[i];
-				if (!porigin)
-					continue;
-				find_move_in_parent(sb, &blametail, &toosmall, origin, porigin);
-				if (!origin->suspects)
-					break;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Optionally find copies from parents' files.
-	 */
-	if (opt & PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY) {
-		if (blame_copy_score > blame_move_score)
-			filter_small(sb, &toosmall, &origin->suspects, blame_copy_score);
-		else if (blame_copy_score < blame_move_score) {
-			origin->suspects = blame_merge(origin->suspects, toosmall);
-			toosmall = NULL;
-			filter_small(sb, &toosmall, &origin->suspects, blame_copy_score);
-		}
-		if (!origin->suspects)
-			goto finish;
-
-		for (i = 0, sg = first_scapegoat(revs, commit);
-		     i < num_sg && sg;
-		     sg = sg->next, i++) {
-			struct origin *porigin = sg_origin[i];
-			find_copy_in_parent(sb, &blametail, &toosmall,
-					    origin, sg->item, porigin, opt);
-			if (!origin->suspects)
-				goto finish;
-		}
-	}
-
-finish:
-	*blametail = NULL;
-	distribute_blame(sb, blames);
-	/*
-	 * prepend toosmall to origin->suspects
-	 *
-	 * There is no point in sorting: this ends up on a big
-	 * unsorted list in the caller anyway.
-	 */
-	if (toosmall) {
-		struct blame_entry **tail = &toosmall;
-		while (*tail)
-			tail = &(*tail)->next;
-		*tail = origin->suspects;
-		origin->suspects = toosmall;
-	}
-	for (i = 0; i < num_sg; i++) {
-		if (sg_origin[i]) {
-			drop_origin_blob(sg_origin[i]);
-			origin_decref(sg_origin[i]);
-		}
-	}
-	drop_origin_blob(origin);
-	if (sg_buf != sg_origin)
-		free(sg_origin);
+	return blame_nth_line((struct blame_scoreboard *)data, lno);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1551,13 +85,13 @@ finish:
 struct commit_info {
 	struct strbuf author;
 	struct strbuf author_mail;
-	unsigned long author_time;
+	timestamp_t author_time;
 	struct strbuf author_tz;
 
 	/* filled only when asked for details */
 	struct strbuf committer;
 	struct strbuf committer_mail;
-	unsigned long committer_time;
+	timestamp_t committer_time;
 	struct strbuf committer_tz;
 
 	struct strbuf summary;
@@ -1568,7 +102,7 @@ struct commit_info {
  */
 static void get_ac_line(const char *inbuf, const char *what,
 	struct strbuf *name, struct strbuf *mail,
-	unsigned long *time, struct strbuf *tz)
+	timestamp_t *time, struct strbuf *tz)
 {
 	struct ident_split ident;
 	size_t len, maillen, namelen;
@@ -1675,19 +209,29 @@ static void get_commit_info(struct commit *commit,
 	if (len)
 		strbuf_add(&ret->summary, subject, len);
 	else
-		strbuf_addf(&ret->summary, "(%s)", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		strbuf_addf(&ret->summary, "(%s)", oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 
 	unuse_commit_buffer(commit, message);
 }
 
 /*
+ * Write out any suspect information which depends on the path. This must be
+ * handled separately from emit_one_suspect_detail(), because a given commit
+ * may have changes in multiple paths. So this needs to appear each time
+ * we mention a new group.
+ *
  * To allow LF and other nonportable characters in pathnames,
  * they are c-style quoted as needed.
  */
-static void write_filename_info(const char *path)
+static void write_filename_info(struct blame_origin *suspect)
 {
+	if (suspect->previous) {
+		struct blame_origin *prev = suspect->previous;
+		printf("previous %s ", oid_to_hex(&prev->commit->object.oid));
+		write_name_quoted(prev->path, stdout, '\n');
+	}
 	printf("filename ");
-	write_name_quoted(path, stdout, '\n');
+	write_name_quoted(suspect->path, stdout, '\n');
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1696,7 +240,7 @@ static void write_filename_info(const char *path)
  * the first time each commit appears in the output (unless the
  * user has specifically asked for us to repeat).
  */
-static int emit_one_suspect_detail(struct origin *suspect, int repeat)
+static int emit_one_suspect_detail(struct blame_origin *suspect, int repeat)
 {
 	struct commit_info ci;
 
@@ -1707,20 +251,15 @@ static int emit_one_suspect_detail(struct origin *suspect, int repeat)
 	get_commit_info(suspect->commit, &ci, 1);
 	printf("author %s\n", ci.author.buf);
 	printf("author-mail %s\n", ci.author_mail.buf);
-	printf("author-time %lu\n", ci.author_time);
+	printf("author-time %"PRItime"\n", ci.author_time);
 	printf("author-tz %s\n", ci.author_tz.buf);
 	printf("committer %s\n", ci.committer.buf);
 	printf("committer-mail %s\n", ci.committer_mail.buf);
-	printf("committer-time %lu\n", ci.committer_time);
+	printf("committer-time %"PRItime"\n", ci.committer_time);
 	printf("committer-tz %s\n", ci.committer_tz.buf);
 	printf("summary %s\n", ci.summary.buf);
 	if (suspect->commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
 		printf("boundary\n");
-	if (suspect->previous) {
-		struct origin *prev = suspect->previous;
-		printf("previous %s ", sha1_to_hex(prev->commit->object.sha1));
-		write_name_quoted(prev->path, stdout, '\n');
-	}
 
 	commit_info_destroy(&ci);
 
@@ -1731,102 +270,39 @@ static int emit_one_suspect_detail(struct origin *suspect, int repeat)
  * The blame_entry is found to be guilty for the range.
  * Show it in incremental output.
  */
-static void found_guilty_entry(struct blame_entry *ent)
+static void found_guilty_entry(struct blame_entry *ent, void *data)
 {
+	struct progress_info *pi = (struct progress_info *)data;
+
 	if (incremental) {
-		struct origin *suspect = ent->suspect;
+		struct blame_origin *suspect = ent->suspect;
 
 		printf("%s %d %d %d\n",
-		       sha1_to_hex(suspect->commit->object.sha1),
+		       oid_to_hex(&suspect->commit->object.oid),
 		       ent->s_lno + 1, ent->lno + 1, ent->num_lines);
 		emit_one_suspect_detail(suspect, 0);
-		write_filename_info(suspect->path);
+		write_filename_info(suspect);
 		maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "stdout");
 	}
+	pi->blamed_lines += ent->num_lines;
+	display_progress(pi->progress, pi->blamed_lines);
 }
 
-/*
- * The main loop -- while we have blobs with lines whose true origin
- * is still unknown, pick one blob, and allow its lines to pass blames
- * to its parents. */
-static void assign_blame(struct scoreboard *sb, int opt)
-{
-	struct rev_info *revs = sb->revs;
-	struct commit *commit = prio_queue_get(&sb->commits);
-
-	while (commit) {
-		struct blame_entry *ent;
-		struct origin *suspect = commit->util;
-
-		/* find one suspect to break down */
-		while (suspect && !suspect->suspects)
-			suspect = suspect->next;
-
-		if (!suspect) {
-			commit = prio_queue_get(&sb->commits);
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		assert(commit == suspect->commit);
-
-		/*
-		 * We will use this suspect later in the loop,
-		 * so hold onto it in the meantime.
-		 */
-		origin_incref(suspect);
-		parse_commit(commit);
-		if (reverse ||
-		    (!(commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING) &&
-		     !(revs->max_age != -1 && commit->date < revs->max_age)))
-			pass_blame(sb, suspect, opt);
-		else {
-			commit->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
-			if (commit->object.parsed)
-				mark_parents_uninteresting(commit);
-		}
-		/* treat root commit as boundary */
-		if (!commit->parents && !show_root)
-			commit->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
-
-		/* Take responsibility for the remaining entries */
-		ent = suspect->suspects;
-		if (ent) {
-			suspect->guilty = 1;
-			for (;;) {
-				struct blame_entry *next = ent->next;
-				found_guilty_entry(ent);
-				if (next) {
-					ent = next;
-					continue;
-				}
-				ent->next = sb->ent;
-				sb->ent = suspect->suspects;
-				suspect->suspects = NULL;
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-		origin_decref(suspect);
-
-		if (DEBUG) /* sanity */
-			sanity_check_refcnt(sb);
-	}
-}
-
-static const char *format_time(unsigned long time, const char *tz_str,
+static const char *format_time(timestamp_t time, const char *tz_str,
 			       int show_raw_time)
 {
 	static struct strbuf time_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	strbuf_reset(&time_buf);
 	if (show_raw_time) {
-		strbuf_addf(&time_buf, "%lu %s", time, tz_str);
+		strbuf_addf(&time_buf, "%"PRItime" %s", time, tz_str);
 	}
 	else {
 		const char *time_str;
 		size_t time_width;
 		int tz;
 		tz = atoi(tz_str);
-		time_str = show_date(time, tz, blame_date_mode);
+		time_str = show_date(time, tz, &blame_date_mode);
 		strbuf_addstr(&time_buf, time_str);
 		/*
 		 * Add space paddings to time_buf to display a fixed width
@@ -1846,28 +322,30 @@ static const char *format_time(unsigned long time, const char *tz_str,
 #define OUTPUT_PORCELAIN	010
 #define OUTPUT_SHOW_NAME	020
 #define OUTPUT_SHOW_NUMBER	040
-#define OUTPUT_SHOW_SCORE      0100
-#define OUTPUT_NO_AUTHOR       0200
+#define OUTPUT_SHOW_SCORE	0100
+#define OUTPUT_NO_AUTHOR	0200
 #define OUTPUT_SHOW_EMAIL	0400
-#define OUTPUT_LINE_PORCELAIN 01000
+#define OUTPUT_LINE_PORCELAIN	01000
+#define OUTPUT_COLOR_LINE	02000
+#define OUTPUT_SHOW_AGE_WITH_COLOR	04000
 
-static void emit_porcelain_details(struct origin *suspect, int repeat)
+static void emit_porcelain_details(struct blame_origin *suspect, int repeat)
 {
 	if (emit_one_suspect_detail(suspect, repeat) ||
 	    (suspect->commit->object.flags & MORE_THAN_ONE_PATH))
-		write_filename_info(suspect->path);
+		write_filename_info(suspect);
 }
 
-static void emit_porcelain(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent,
+static void emit_porcelain(struct blame_scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent,
 			   int opt)
 {
 	int repeat = opt & OUTPUT_LINE_PORCELAIN;
 	int cnt;
 	const char *cp;
-	struct origin *suspect = ent->suspect;
-	char hex[41];
+	struct blame_origin *suspect = ent->suspect;
+	char hex[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
 
-	strcpy(hex, sha1_to_hex(suspect->commit->object.sha1));
+	oid_to_hex_r(hex, &suspect->commit->object.oid);
 	printf("%s %d %d %d\n",
 	       hex,
 	       ent->s_lno + 1,
@@ -1875,7 +353,7 @@ static void emit_porcelain(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent,
 	       ent->num_lines);
 	emit_porcelain_details(suspect, repeat);
 
-	cp = nth_line(sb, ent->lno);
+	cp = blame_nth_line(sb, ent->lno);
 	for (cnt = 0; cnt < ent->num_lines; cnt++) {
 		char ch;
 		if (cnt) {
@@ -1897,22 +375,100 @@ static void emit_porcelain(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent,
 		putchar('\n');
 }
 
-static void emit_other(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent, int opt)
+static struct color_field {
+	timestamp_t hop;
+	char col[COLOR_MAXLEN];
+} *colorfield;
+static int colorfield_nr, colorfield_alloc;
+
+static void parse_color_fields(const char *s)
+{
+	struct string_list l = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	enum { EXPECT_DATE, EXPECT_COLOR } next = EXPECT_COLOR;
+
+	colorfield_nr = 0;
+
+	/* Ideally this would be stripped and split at the same time? */
+	string_list_split(&l, s, ',', -1);
+	ALLOC_GROW(colorfield, colorfield_nr + 1, colorfield_alloc);
+
+	for_each_string_list_item(item, &l) {
+		switch (next) {
+		case EXPECT_DATE:
+			colorfield[colorfield_nr].hop = approxidate(item->string);
+			next = EXPECT_COLOR;
+			colorfield_nr++;
+			ALLOC_GROW(colorfield, colorfield_nr + 1, colorfield_alloc);
+			break;
+		case EXPECT_COLOR:
+			if (color_parse(item->string, colorfield[colorfield_nr].col))
+				die(_("expecting a color: %s"), item->string);
+			next = EXPECT_DATE;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (next == EXPECT_COLOR)
+		die(_("must end with a color"));
+
+	colorfield[colorfield_nr].hop = TIME_MAX;
+	string_list_clear(&l, 0);
+}
+
+static void setup_default_color_by_age(void)
+{
+	parse_color_fields("blue,12 month ago,white,1 month ago,red");
+}
+
+static void determine_line_heat(struct blame_entry *ent, const char **dest_color)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	struct commit_info ci;
+	get_commit_info(ent->suspect->commit, &ci, 1);
+
+	while (i < colorfield_nr && ci.author_time > colorfield[i].hop)
+		i++;
+
+	*dest_color = colorfield[i].col;
+}
+
+static void emit_other(struct blame_scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent, int opt)
 {
 	int cnt;
 	const char *cp;
-	struct origin *suspect = ent->suspect;
+	struct blame_origin *suspect = ent->suspect;
 	struct commit_info ci;
-	char hex[41];
+	char hex[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
 	int show_raw_time = !!(opt & OUTPUT_RAW_TIMESTAMP);
+	const char *default_color = NULL, *color = NULL, *reset = NULL;
 
 	get_commit_info(suspect->commit, &ci, 1);
-	strcpy(hex, sha1_to_hex(suspect->commit->object.sha1));
+	oid_to_hex_r(hex, &suspect->commit->object.oid);
+
+	cp = blame_nth_line(sb, ent->lno);
+
+	if (opt & OUTPUT_SHOW_AGE_WITH_COLOR) {
+		determine_line_heat(ent, &default_color);
+		color = default_color;
+		reset = GIT_COLOR_RESET;
+	}
 
-	cp = nth_line(sb, ent->lno);
 	for (cnt = 0; cnt < ent->num_lines; cnt++) {
 		char ch;
-		int length = (opt & OUTPUT_LONG_OBJECT_NAME) ? 40 : abbrev;
+		int length = (opt & OUTPUT_LONG_OBJECT_NAME) ? GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ : abbrev;
+
+		if (opt & OUTPUT_COLOR_LINE) {
+			if (cnt > 0) {
+				color = repeated_meta_color;
+				reset = GIT_COLOR_RESET;
+			} else  {
+				color = default_color ? default_color : NULL;
+				reset = default_color ? GIT_COLOR_RESET : NULL;
+			}
+		}
+		if (color)
+			fputs(color, stdout);
 
 		if (suspect->commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING) {
 			if (blank_boundary)
@@ -1963,6 +519,8 @@ static void emit_other(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent, int opt)
 			printf(" %*d) ",
 			       max_digits, ent->lno + 1 + cnt);
 		}
+		if (reset)
+			fputs(reset, stdout);
 		do {
 			ch = *cp++;
 			putchar(ch);
@@ -1976,18 +534,18 @@ static void emit_other(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent, int opt)
 	commit_info_destroy(&ci);
 }
 
-static void output(struct scoreboard *sb, int option)
+static void output(struct blame_scoreboard *sb, int option)
 {
 	struct blame_entry *ent;
 
 	if (option & OUTPUT_PORCELAIN) {
 		for (ent = sb->ent; ent; ent = ent->next) {
 			int count = 0;
-			struct origin *suspect;
+			struct blame_origin *suspect;
 			struct commit *commit = ent->suspect->commit;
 			if (commit->object.flags & MORE_THAN_ONE_PATH)
 				continue;
-			for (suspect = commit->util; suspect; suspect = suspect->next) {
+			for (suspect = get_blame_suspects(commit); suspect; suspect = suspect->next) {
 				if (suspect->guilty && count++) {
 					commit->object.flags |= MORE_THAN_ONE_PATH;
 					break;
@@ -2005,39 +563,6 @@ static void output(struct scoreboard *sb, int option)
 	}
 }
 
-static const char *get_next_line(const char *start, const char *end)
-{
-	const char *nl = memchr(start, '\n', end - start);
-	return nl ? nl + 1 : end;
-}
-
-/*
- * To allow quick access to the contents of nth line in the
- * final image, prepare an index in the scoreboard.
- */
-static int prepare_lines(struct scoreboard *sb)
-{
-	const char *buf = sb->final_buf;
-	unsigned long len = sb->final_buf_size;
-	const char *end = buf + len;
-	const char *p;
-	int *lineno;
-	int num = 0;
-
-	for (p = buf; p < end; p = get_next_line(p, end))
-		num++;
-
-	sb->lineno = lineno = xmalloc(sizeof(*sb->lineno) * (num + 1));
-
-	for (p = buf; p < end; p = get_next_line(p, end))
-		*lineno++ = p - buf;
-
-	*lineno = len;
-
-	sb->num_lines = num;
-	return sb->num_lines;
-}
-
 /*
  * Add phony grafts for use with -S; this is primarily to
  * support git's cvsserver that wants to give a linear history
@@ -2045,24 +570,24 @@ static int prepare_lines(struct scoreboard *sb)
  */
 static int read_ancestry(const char *graft_file)
 {
-	FILE *fp = fopen(graft_file, "r");
+	FILE *fp = fopen_or_warn(graft_file, "r");
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	if (!fp)
 		return -1;
 	while (!strbuf_getwholeline(&buf, fp, '\n')) {
 		/* The format is just "Commit Parent1 Parent2 ...\n" */
-		struct commit_graft *graft = read_graft_line(buf.buf, buf.len);
+		struct commit_graft *graft = read_graft_line(&buf);
 		if (graft)
-			register_commit_graft(graft, 0);
+			register_commit_graft(the_repository, graft, 0);
 	}
 	fclose(fp);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int update_auto_abbrev(int auto_abbrev, struct origin *suspect)
+static int update_auto_abbrev(int auto_abbrev, struct blame_origin *suspect)
 {
-	const char *uniq = find_unique_abbrev(suspect->commit->object.sha1,
+	const char *uniq = find_unique_abbrev(&suspect->commit->object.oid,
 					      auto_abbrev);
 	int len = strlen(uniq);
 	if (auto_abbrev < len)
@@ -2074,17 +599,17 @@ static int update_auto_abbrev(int auto_abbrev, struct origin *suspect)
  * How many columns do we need to show line numbers, authors,
  * and filenames?
  */
-static void find_alignment(struct scoreboard *sb, int *option)
+static void find_alignment(struct blame_scoreboard *sb, int *option)
 {
 	int longest_src_lines = 0;
 	int longest_dst_lines = 0;
 	unsigned largest_score = 0;
 	struct blame_entry *e;
 	int compute_auto_abbrev = (abbrev < 0);
-	int auto_abbrev = default_abbrev;
+	int auto_abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
 
 	for (e = sb->ent; e; e = e->next) {
-		struct origin *suspect = e->suspect;
+		struct blame_origin *suspect = e->suspect;
 		int num;
 
 		if (compute_auto_abbrev)
@@ -2112,8 +637,8 @@ static void find_alignment(struct scoreboard *sb, int *option)
 		num = e->lno + e->num_lines;
 		if (longest_dst_lines < num)
 			longest_dst_lines = num;
-		if (largest_score < ent_score(sb, e))
-			largest_score = ent_score(sb, e);
+		if (largest_score < blame_entry_score(sb, e))
+			largest_score = blame_entry_score(sb, e);
 	}
 	max_orig_digits = decimal_width(longest_src_lines);
 	max_digits = decimal_width(longest_dst_lines);
@@ -2124,41 +649,12 @@ static void find_alignment(struct scoreboard *sb, int *option)
 		abbrev = auto_abbrev + 1;
 }
 
-/*
- * For debugging -- origin is refcounted, and this asserts that
- * we do not underflow.
- */
-static void sanity_check_refcnt(struct scoreboard *sb)
-{
-	int baa = 0;
-	struct blame_entry *ent;
-
-	for (ent = sb->ent; ent; ent = ent->next) {
-		/* Nobody should have zero or negative refcnt */
-		if (ent->suspect->refcnt <= 0) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "%s in %s has negative refcnt %d\n",
-				ent->suspect->path,
-				sha1_to_hex(ent->suspect->commit->object.sha1),
-				ent->suspect->refcnt);
-			baa = 1;
-		}
-	}
-	if (baa) {
-		int opt = 0160;
-		find_alignment(sb, &opt);
-		output(sb, opt);
-		die("Baa %d!", baa);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Used for the command line parsing; check if the path exists
- * in the working tree.
- */
-static int has_string_in_work_tree(const char *path)
+static void sanity_check_on_fail(struct blame_scoreboard *sb, int baa)
 {
-	struct stat st;
-	return !lstat(path, &st);
+	int opt = OUTPUT_SHOW_SCORE | OUTPUT_SHOW_NUMBER | OUTPUT_SHOW_NAME;
+	find_alignment(sb, &opt);
+	output(sb, opt);
+	die("Baa %d!", baa);
 }
 
 static unsigned parse_score(const char *arg)
@@ -2185,266 +681,51 @@ static int git_blame_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		blank_boundary = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "blame.showemail")) {
+		int *output_option = cb;
+		if (git_config_bool(var, value))
+			*output_option |= OUTPUT_SHOW_EMAIL;
+		else
+			*output_option &= ~OUTPUT_SHOW_EMAIL;
+		return 0;
+	}
 	if (!strcmp(var, "blame.date")) {
 		if (!value)
 			return config_error_nonbool(var);
-		blame_date_mode = parse_date_format(value);
+		parse_date_format(value, &blame_date_mode);
 		return 0;
 	}
-
-	if (userdiff_config(var, value) < 0)
-		return -1;
-
-	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
-}
-
-static void verify_working_tree_path(struct commit *work_tree, const char *path)
-{
-	struct commit_list *parents;
-
-	for (parents = work_tree->parents; parents; parents = parents->next) {
-		const unsigned char *commit_sha1 = parents->item->object.sha1;
-		unsigned char blob_sha1[20];
-		unsigned mode;
-
-		if (!get_tree_entry(commit_sha1, path, blob_sha1, &mode) &&
-		    sha1_object_info(blob_sha1, NULL) == OBJ_BLOB)
-			return;
-	}
-	die("no such path '%s' in HEAD", path);
-}
-
-static struct commit_list **append_parent(struct commit_list **tail, const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct commit *parent;
-
-	parent = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
-	if (!parent)
-		die("no such commit %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	return &commit_list_insert(parent, tail)->next;
-}
-
-static void append_merge_parents(struct commit_list **tail)
-{
-	int merge_head;
-	const char *merge_head_file = git_path("MERGE_HEAD");
-	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	merge_head = open(merge_head_file, O_RDONLY);
-	if (merge_head < 0) {
-		if (errno == ENOENT)
-			return;
-		die("cannot open '%s' for reading", merge_head_file);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "color.blame.repeatedlines")) {
+		if (color_parse_mem(value, strlen(value), repeated_meta_color))
+			warning(_("invalid color '%s' in color.blame.repeatedLines"),
+				value);
+		return 0;
 	}
-
-	while (!strbuf_getwholeline_fd(&line, merge_head, '\n')) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		if (line.len < 40 || get_sha1_hex(line.buf, sha1))
-			die("unknown line in '%s': %s", merge_head_file, line.buf);
-		tail = append_parent(tail, sha1);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "color.blame.highlightrecent")) {
+		parse_color_fields(value);
+		return 0;
 	}
-	close(merge_head);
-	strbuf_release(&line);
-}
 
-/*
- * This isn't as simple as passing sb->buf and sb->len, because we
- * want to transfer ownership of the buffer to the commit (so we
- * must use detach).
- */
-static void set_commit_buffer_from_strbuf(struct commit *c, struct strbuf *sb)
-{
-	size_t len;
-	void *buf = strbuf_detach(sb, &len);
-	set_commit_buffer(c, buf, len);
-}
-
-/*
- * Prepare a dummy commit that represents the work tree (or staged) item.
- * Note that annotating work tree item never works in the reverse.
- */
-static struct commit *fake_working_tree_commit(struct diff_options *opt,
-					       const char *path,
-					       const char *contents_from)
-{
-	struct commit *commit;
-	struct origin *origin;
-	struct commit_list **parent_tail, *parent;
-	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *ident;
-	time_t now;
-	int size, len;
-	struct cache_entry *ce;
-	unsigned mode;
-	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	time(&now);
-	commit = alloc_commit_node();
-	commit->object.parsed = 1;
-	commit->date = now;
-	parent_tail = &commit->parents;
-
-	if (!resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING, head_sha1, NULL))
-		die("no such ref: HEAD");
-
-	parent_tail = append_parent(parent_tail, head_sha1);
-	append_merge_parents(parent_tail);
-	verify_working_tree_path(commit, path);
-
-	origin = make_origin(commit, path);
-
-	ident = fmt_ident("Not Committed Yet", "not.committed.yet", NULL, 0);
-	strbuf_addstr(&msg, "tree 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000\n");
-	for (parent = commit->parents; parent; parent = parent->next)
-		strbuf_addf(&msg, "parent %s\n",
-			    sha1_to_hex(parent->item->object.sha1));
-	strbuf_addf(&msg,
-		    "author %s\n"
-		    "committer %s\n\n"
-		    "Version of %s from %s\n",
-		    ident, ident, path,
-		    (!contents_from ? path :
-		     (!strcmp(contents_from, "-") ? "standard input" : contents_from)));
-	set_commit_buffer_from_strbuf(commit, &msg);
-
-	if (!contents_from || strcmp("-", contents_from)) {
-		struct stat st;
-		const char *read_from;
-		char *buf_ptr;
-		unsigned long buf_len;
-
-		if (contents_from) {
-			if (stat(contents_from, &st) < 0)
-				die_errno("Cannot stat '%s'", contents_from);
-			read_from = contents_from;
-		}
-		else {
-			if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
-				die_errno("Cannot lstat '%s'", path);
-			read_from = path;
-		}
-		mode = canon_mode(st.st_mode);
-
-		switch (st.st_mode & S_IFMT) {
-		case S_IFREG:
-			if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV) &&
-			    textconv_object(read_from, mode, null_sha1, 0, &buf_ptr, &buf_len))
-				strbuf_attach(&buf, buf_ptr, buf_len, buf_len + 1);
-			else if (strbuf_read_file(&buf, read_from, st.st_size) != st.st_size)
-				die_errno("cannot open or read '%s'", read_from);
-			break;
-		case S_IFLNK:
-			if (strbuf_readlink(&buf, read_from, st.st_size) < 0)
-				die_errno("cannot readlink '%s'", read_from);
-			break;
-		default:
-			die("unsupported file type %s", read_from);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "blame.coloring")) {
+		if (!strcmp(value, "repeatedLines")) {
+			coloring_mode |= OUTPUT_COLOR_LINE;
+		} else if (!strcmp(value, "highlightRecent")) {
+			coloring_mode |= OUTPUT_SHOW_AGE_WITH_COLOR;
+		} else if (!strcmp(value, "none")) {
+			coloring_mode &= ~(OUTPUT_COLOR_LINE |
+					    OUTPUT_SHOW_AGE_WITH_COLOR);
+		} else {
+			warning(_("invalid value for blame.coloring"));
+			return 0;
 		}
 	}
-	else {
-		/* Reading from stdin */
-		mode = 0;
-		if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 0) < 0)
-			die_errno("failed to read from stdin");
-	}
-	origin->file.ptr = buf.buf;
-	origin->file.size = buf.len;
-	pretend_sha1_file(buf.buf, buf.len, OBJ_BLOB, origin->blob_sha1);
-
-	/*
-	 * Read the current index, replace the path entry with
-	 * origin->blob_sha1 without mucking with its mode or type
-	 * bits; we are not going to write this index out -- we just
-	 * want to run "diff-index --cached".
-	 */
-	discard_cache();
-	read_cache();
-
-	len = strlen(path);
-	if (!mode) {
-		int pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
-		if (0 <= pos)
-			mode = active_cache[pos]->ce_mode;
-		else
-			/* Let's not bother reading from HEAD tree */
-			mode = S_IFREG | 0644;
-	}
-	size = cache_entry_size(len);
-	ce = xcalloc(1, size);
-	hashcpy(ce->sha1, origin->blob_sha1);
-	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);
-	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(0);
-	ce->ce_namelen = len;
-	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
-	add_cache_entry(ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
-
-	/*
-	 * We are not going to write this out, so this does not matter
-	 * right now, but someday we might optimize diff-index --cached
-	 * with cache-tree information.
-	 */
-	cache_tree_invalidate_path(&the_index, path);
-
-	return commit;
-}
 
-static char *prepare_final(struct scoreboard *sb)
-{
-	int i;
-	const char *final_commit_name = NULL;
-	struct rev_info *revs = sb->revs;
-
-	/*
-	 * There must be one and only one positive commit in the
-	 * revs->pending array.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < revs->pending.nr; i++) {
-		struct object *obj = revs->pending.objects[i].item;
-		if (obj->flags & UNINTERESTING)
-			continue;
-		while (obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
-			obj = deref_tag(obj, NULL, 0);
-		if (obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
-			die("Non commit %s?", revs->pending.objects[i].name);
-		if (sb->final)
-			die("More than one commit to dig from %s and %s?",
-			    revs->pending.objects[i].name,
-			    final_commit_name);
-		sb->final = (struct commit *) obj;
-		final_commit_name = revs->pending.objects[i].name;
-	}
-	return xstrdup_or_null(final_commit_name);
-}
-
-static char *prepare_initial(struct scoreboard *sb)
-{
-	int i;
-	const char *final_commit_name = NULL;
-	struct rev_info *revs = sb->revs;
+	if (git_diff_heuristic_config(var, value, cb) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	if (userdiff_config(var, value) < 0)
+		return -1;
 
-	/*
-	 * There must be one and only one negative commit, and it must be
-	 * the boundary.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < revs->pending.nr; i++) {
-		struct object *obj = revs->pending.objects[i].item;
-		if (!(obj->flags & UNINTERESTING))
-			continue;
-		while (obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
-			obj = deref_tag(obj, NULL, 0);
-		if (obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
-			die("Non commit %s?", revs->pending.objects[i].name);
-		if (sb->final)
-			die("More than one commit to dig down to %s and %s?",
-			    revs->pending.objects[i].name,
-			    final_commit_name);
-		sb->final = (struct commit *) obj;
-		final_commit_name = revs->pending.objects[i].name;
-	}
-	if (!final_commit_name)
-		die("No commit to dig down to?");
-	return xstrdup(final_commit_name);
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
 static int blame_copy_callback(const struct option *option, const char *arg, int unset)
@@ -2480,27 +761,36 @@ static int blame_move_callback(const struct option *option, const char *arg, int
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int is_a_rev(const char *name)
+{
+	struct object_id oid;
+
+	if (get_oid(name, &oid))
+		return 0;
+	return OBJ_NONE < oid_object_info(the_repository, &oid, NULL);
+}
+
 int cmd_blame(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct rev_info revs;
 	const char *path;
-	struct scoreboard sb;
-	struct origin *o;
+	struct blame_scoreboard sb;
+	struct blame_origin *o;
 	struct blame_entry *ent = NULL;
 	long dashdash_pos, lno;
-	char *final_commit_name = NULL;
-	enum object_type type;
-
-	static struct string_list range_list;
-	static int output_option = 0, opt = 0;
-	static int show_stats = 0;
-	static const char *revs_file = NULL;
-	static const char *contents_from = NULL;
-	static const struct option options[] = {
+	struct progress_info pi = { NULL, 0 };
+
+	struct string_list range_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	int output_option = 0, opt = 0;
+	int show_stats = 0;
+	const char *revs_file = NULL;
+	const char *contents_from = NULL;
+	const struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "incremental", &incremental, N_("Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally")),
 		OPT_BOOL('b', NULL, &blank_boundary, N_("Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "root", &show_root, N_("Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "show-stats", &show_stats, N_("Show work cost statistics")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &show_progress, N_("Force progress reporting")),
 		OPT_BIT(0, "score-debug", &output_option, N_("Show output score for blame entries"), OUTPUT_SHOW_SCORE),
 		OPT_BIT('f', "show-name", &output_option, N_("Show original filename (Default: auto)"), OUTPUT_SHOW_NAME),
 		OPT_BIT('n', "show-number", &output_option, N_("Show original linenumber (Default: off)"), OUTPUT_SHOW_NUMBER),
@@ -2512,6 +802,16 @@ int cmd_blame(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_BIT('s', NULL, &output_option, N_("Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"), OUTPUT_NO_AUTHOR),
 		OPT_BIT('e', "show-email", &output_option, N_("Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"), OUTPUT_SHOW_EMAIL),
 		OPT_BIT('w', NULL, &xdl_opts, N_("Ignore whitespace differences"), XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "color-lines", &output_option, N_("color redundant metadata from previous line differently"), OUTPUT_COLOR_LINE),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "color-by-age", &output_option, N_("color lines by age"), OUTPUT_SHOW_AGE_WITH_COLOR),
+
+		/*
+		 * The following two options are parsed by parse_revision_opt()
+		 * and are only included here to get included in the "-h"
+		 * output:
+		 */
+		{ OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "indent-heuristic", NULL, NULL, N_("Use an experimental heuristic to improve diffs"), PARSE_OPT_NOARG, parse_opt_unknown_cb },
+
 		OPT_BIT(0, "minimal", &xdl_opts, N_("Spend extra cycles to find better match"), XDF_NEED_MINIMAL),
 		OPT_STRING('S', NULL, &revs_file, N_("file"), N_("Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list")),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "contents", &contents_from, N_("file"), N_("Use <file>'s contents as the final image")),
@@ -2528,20 +828,23 @@ int cmd_blame(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	unsigned int range_i;
 	long anchor;
 
-	git_config(git_blame_config, NULL);
+	setup_default_color_by_age();
+	git_config(git_blame_config, &output_option);
 	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
 	revs.date_mode = blame_date_mode;
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs.diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs.diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES);
+	revs.diffopt.flags.allow_textconv = 1;
+	revs.diffopt.flags.follow_renames = 1;
 
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
 	dashdash_pos = 0;
+	show_progress = -1;
 
 	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, prefix, options,
 			    PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH | PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
 	for (;;) {
 		switch (parse_options_step(&ctx, options, blame_opt_usage)) {
 		case PARSE_OPT_HELP:
+		case PARSE_OPT_ERROR:
 			exit(129);
 		case PARSE_OPT_DONE:
 			if (ctx.argv[0])
@@ -2556,26 +859,36 @@ int cmd_blame(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		parse_revision_opt(&revs, &ctx, options, blame_opt_usage);
 	}
 parse_done:
-	no_whole_file_rename = !DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs.diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES);
-	DIFF_OPT_CLR(&revs.diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES);
+	no_whole_file_rename = !revs.diffopt.flags.follow_renames;
+	xdl_opts |= revs.diffopt.xdl_opts & XDF_INDENT_HEURISTIC;
+	revs.diffopt.flags.follow_renames = 0;
 	argc = parse_options_end(&ctx);
 
-	if (0 < abbrev)
+	if (incremental || (output_option & OUTPUT_PORCELAIN)) {
+		if (show_progress > 0)
+			die(_("--progress can't be used with --incremental or porcelain formats"));
+		show_progress = 0;
+	} else if (show_progress < 0)
+		show_progress = isatty(2);
+
+	if (0 < abbrev && abbrev < GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ)
 		/* one more abbrev length is needed for the boundary commit */
 		abbrev++;
+	else if (!abbrev)
+		abbrev = GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ;
 
 	if (revs_file && read_ancestry(revs_file))
 		die_errno("reading graft file '%s' failed", revs_file);
 
 	if (cmd_is_annotate) {
 		output_option |= OUTPUT_ANNOTATE_COMPAT;
-		blame_date_mode = DATE_ISO8601;
+		blame_date_mode.type = DATE_ISO8601;
 	} else {
 		blame_date_mode = revs.date_mode;
 	}
 
 	/* The maximum width used to show the dates */
-	switch (blame_date_mode) {
+	switch (blame_date_mode.type) {
 	case DATE_RFC2822:
 		blame_date_width = sizeof("Thu, 19 Oct 2006 16:00:04 -0700");
 		break;
@@ -2588,34 +901,37 @@ parse_done:
 	case DATE_RAW:
 		blame_date_width = sizeof("1161298804 -0700");
 		break;
+	case DATE_UNIX:
+		blame_date_width = sizeof("1161298804");
+		break;
 	case DATE_SHORT:
 		blame_date_width = sizeof("2006-10-19");
 		break;
 	case DATE_RELATIVE:
-		/* TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the maximum
-		   display width for a relative timestamp in "git blame"
-		   output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11 months ago", which
-		   takes 22 places, is the longest among various forms of
-		   relative timestamps, but your language may need more or
-		   fewer display columns. */
+		/*
+		 * TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the
+		 * maximum display width for a relative timestamp in
+		 * "git blame" output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11
+		 * months ago", which takes 22 places, is the longest
+		 * among various forms of relative timestamps, but
+		 * your language may need more or fewer display
+		 * columns.
+		 */
 		blame_date_width = utf8_strwidth(_("4 years, 11 months ago")) + 1; /* add the null */
 		break;
-	case DATE_LOCAL:
 	case DATE_NORMAL:
 		blame_date_width = sizeof("Thu Oct 19 16:00:04 2006 -0700");
 		break;
+	case DATE_STRFTIME:
+		blame_date_width = strlen(show_date(0, 0, &blame_date_mode)) + 1; /* add the null */
+		break;
 	}
 	blame_date_width -= 1; /* strip the null */
 
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs.diffopt, FIND_COPIES_HARDER))
+	if (revs.diffopt.flags.find_copies_harder)
 		opt |= (PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY | PICKAXE_BLAME_MOVE |
 			PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY_HARDER);
 
-	if (!blame_move_score)
-		blame_move_score = BLAME_DEFAULT_MOVE_SCORE;
-	if (!blame_copy_score)
-		blame_copy_score = BLAME_DEFAULT_COPY_SCORE;
-
 	/*
 	 * We have collected options unknown to us in argv[1..unk]
 	 * which are to be passed to revision machinery if we are
@@ -2654,84 +970,30 @@ parse_done:
 	} else {
 		if (argc < 2)
 			usage_with_options(blame_opt_usage, options);
-		path = add_prefix(prefix, argv[argc - 1]);
-		if (argc == 3 && !has_string_in_work_tree(path)) { /* (2b) */
+		if (argc == 3 && is_a_rev(argv[argc - 1])) { /* (2b) */
 			path = add_prefix(prefix, argv[1]);
 			argv[1] = argv[2];
+		} else {	/* (2a) */
+			if (argc == 2 && is_a_rev(argv[1]) && !get_git_work_tree())
+				die("missing <path> to blame");
+			path = add_prefix(prefix, argv[argc - 1]);
 		}
 		argv[argc - 1] = "--";
-
-		setup_work_tree();
-		if (!has_string_in_work_tree(path))
-			die_errno("cannot stat path '%s'", path);
 	}
 
 	revs.disable_stdin = 1;
 	setup_revisions(argc, argv, &revs, NULL);
-	memset(&sb, 0, sizeof(sb));
 
+	init_scoreboard(&sb);
 	sb.revs = &revs;
-	if (!reverse) {
-		final_commit_name = prepare_final(&sb);
-		sb.commits.compare = compare_commits_by_commit_date;
-	}
-	else if (contents_from)
-		die("--contents and --children do not blend well.");
-	else {
-		final_commit_name = prepare_initial(&sb);
-		sb.commits.compare = compare_commits_by_reverse_commit_date;
-	}
-
-	if (!sb.final) {
-		/*
-		 * "--not A B -- path" without anything positive;
-		 * do not default to HEAD, but use the working tree
-		 * or "--contents".
-		 */
-		setup_work_tree();
-		sb.final = fake_working_tree_commit(&sb.revs->diffopt,
-						    path, contents_from);
-		add_pending_object(&revs, &(sb.final->object), ":");
-	}
-	else if (contents_from)
-		die("Cannot use --contents with final commit object name");
-
-	/*
-	 * If we have bottom, this will mark the ancestors of the
-	 * bottom commits we would reach while traversing as
-	 * uninteresting.
-	 */
-	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
-		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
-
-	if (is_null_sha1(sb.final->object.sha1)) {
-		o = sb.final->util;
-		sb.final_buf = xmemdupz(o->file.ptr, o->file.size);
-		sb.final_buf_size = o->file.size;
-	}
-	else {
-		o = get_origin(&sb, sb.final, path);
-		if (fill_blob_sha1_and_mode(o))
-			die("no such path %s in %s", path, final_commit_name);
-
-		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(&sb.revs->diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV) &&
-		    textconv_object(path, o->mode, o->blob_sha1, 1, (char **) &sb.final_buf,
-				    &sb.final_buf_size))
-			;
-		else
-			sb.final_buf = read_sha1_file(o->blob_sha1, &type,
-						      &sb.final_buf_size);
-
-		if (!sb.final_buf)
-			die("Cannot read blob %s for path %s",
-			    sha1_to_hex(o->blob_sha1),
-			    path);
-	}
-	num_read_blob++;
-	lno = prepare_lines(&sb);
+	sb.contents_from = contents_from;
+	sb.reverse = reverse;
+	sb.repo = the_repository;
+	setup_scoreboard(&sb, path, &o);
+	lno = sb.num_lines;
 
 	if (lno && !range_list.nr)
-		string_list_append(&range_list, xstrdup("1"));
+		string_list_append(&range_list, "1");
 
 	anchor = 1;
 	range_set_init(&ranges, range_list.nr);
@@ -2741,11 +1003,13 @@ parse_done:
 				    nth_line_cb, &sb, lno, anchor,
 				    &bottom, &top, sb.path))
 			usage(blame_usage);
-		if (lno < top || ((lno || bottom) && lno < bottom))
-			die("file %s has only %lu lines", path, lno);
+		if ((!lno && (top || bottom)) || lno < bottom)
+			die(Q_("file %s has only %lu line",
+			       "file %s has only %lu lines",
+			       lno), path, lno);
 		if (bottom < 1)
 			bottom = 1;
-		if (top < 1)
+		if (top < 1 || lno < top)
 			top = lno;
 		bottom--;
 		range_set_append_unsafe(&ranges, bottom, top);
@@ -2755,22 +1019,13 @@ parse_done:
 
 	for (range_i = ranges.nr; range_i > 0; --range_i) {
 		const struct range *r = &ranges.ranges[range_i - 1];
-		long bottom = r->start;
-		long top = r->end;
-		struct blame_entry *next = ent;
-		ent = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ent));
-		ent->lno = bottom;
-		ent->num_lines = top - bottom;
-		ent->suspect = o;
-		ent->s_lno = bottom;
-		ent->next = next;
-		origin_incref(o);
+		ent = blame_entry_prepend(ent, r->start, r->end, o);
 	}
 
 	o->suspects = ent;
 	prio_queue_put(&sb.commits, o->commit);
 
-	origin_decref(o);
+	blame_origin_decref(o);
 
 	range_set_release(&ranges);
 	string_list_clear(&range_list, 0);
@@ -2778,24 +1033,51 @@ parse_done:
 	sb.ent = NULL;
 	sb.path = path;
 
+	if (blame_move_score)
+		sb.move_score = blame_move_score;
+	if (blame_copy_score)
+		sb.copy_score = blame_copy_score;
+
+	sb.debug = DEBUG;
+	sb.on_sanity_fail = &sanity_check_on_fail;
+
+	sb.show_root = show_root;
+	sb.xdl_opts = xdl_opts;
+	sb.no_whole_file_rename = no_whole_file_rename;
+
 	read_mailmap(&mailmap, NULL);
 
-	if (!incremental)
-		setup_pager();
+	sb.found_guilty_entry = &found_guilty_entry;
+	sb.found_guilty_entry_data = &pi;
+	if (show_progress)
+		pi.progress = start_delayed_progress(_("Blaming lines"), sb.num_lines);
 
 	assign_blame(&sb, opt);
 
-	free(final_commit_name);
+	stop_progress(&pi.progress);
 
-	if (incremental)
+	if (!incremental)
+		setup_pager();
+	else
 		return 0;
 
-	sb.ent = blame_sort(sb.ent, compare_blame_final);
+	blame_sort_final(&sb);
 
-	coalesce(&sb);
+	blame_coalesce(&sb);
 
-	if (!(output_option & OUTPUT_PORCELAIN))
+	if (!(output_option & (OUTPUT_COLOR_LINE | OUTPUT_SHOW_AGE_WITH_COLOR)))
+		output_option |= coloring_mode;
+
+	if (!(output_option & OUTPUT_PORCELAIN)) {
 		find_alignment(&sb, &output_option);
+		if (!*repeated_meta_color &&
+		    (output_option & OUTPUT_COLOR_LINE))
+			xsnprintf(repeated_meta_color,
+				  sizeof(repeated_meta_color),
+				  "%s", GIT_COLOR_CYAN);
+	}
+	if (output_option & OUTPUT_ANNOTATE_COMPAT)
+		output_option &= ~(OUTPUT_COLOR_LINE | OUTPUT_SHOW_AGE_WITH_COLOR);
 
 	output(&sb, output_option);
 	free((void *)sb.final_buf);
@@ -2806,9 +1088,9 @@ parse_done:
 	}
 
 	if (show_stats) {
-		printf("num read blob: %d\n", num_read_blob);
-		printf("num get patch: %d\n", num_get_patch);
-		printf("num commits: %d\n", num_commits);
+		printf("num read blob: %d\n", sb.num_read_blob);
+		printf("num get patch: %d\n", sb.num_get_patch);
+		printf("num commits: %d\n", sb.num_commits);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/branch.c b/builtin/branch.c
index 6a25957e9f..bbd006aab4 100644
--- a/builtin/branch.c
+++ b/builtin/branch.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "color.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "commit.h"
@@ -19,29 +20,33 @@
 #include "column.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
 #include "wt-status.h"
+#include "ref-filter.h"
+#include "worktree.h"
+#include "help.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_branch_usage[] = {
 	N_("git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"),
 	N_("git branch [<options>] [-l] [-f] <branch-name> [<start-point>]"),
 	N_("git branch [<options>] [-r] (-d | -D) <branch-name>..."),
 	N_("git branch [<options>] (-m | -M) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"),
+	N_("git branch [<options>] (-c | -C) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"),
+	N_("git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"),
+	N_("git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--format]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
-#define REF_LOCAL_BRANCH    0x01
-#define REF_REMOTE_BRANCH   0x02
-
 static const char *head;
-static unsigned char head_sha1[20];
+static struct object_id head_oid;
+static int used_deprecated_reflog_option;
 
 static int branch_use_color = -1;
 static char branch_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
 	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
-	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,	/* PLAIN */
-	GIT_COLOR_RED,		/* REMOTE */
-	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,	/* LOCAL */
-	GIT_COLOR_GREEN,	/* CURRENT */
-	GIT_COLOR_BLUE,		/* UPSTREAM */
+	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,       /* PLAIN */
+	GIT_COLOR_RED,          /* REMOTE */
+	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,       /* LOCAL */
+	GIT_COLOR_GREEN,        /* CURRENT */
+	GIT_COLOR_BLUE,         /* UPSTREAM */
 };
 enum color_branch {
 	BRANCH_COLOR_RESET = 0,
@@ -52,36 +57,31 @@ enum color_branch {
 	BRANCH_COLOR_UPSTREAM = 5
 };
 
-static enum merge_filter {
-	NO_FILTER = 0,
-	SHOW_NOT_MERGED,
-	SHOW_MERGED
-} merge_filter;
-static unsigned char merge_filter_ref[20];
+static const char *color_branch_slots[] = {
+	[BRANCH_COLOR_RESET]	= "reset",
+	[BRANCH_COLOR_PLAIN]	= "plain",
+	[BRANCH_COLOR_REMOTE]	= "remote",
+	[BRANCH_COLOR_LOCAL]	= "local",
+	[BRANCH_COLOR_CURRENT]	= "current",
+	[BRANCH_COLOR_UPSTREAM] = "upstream",
+};
 
 static struct string_list output = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 static unsigned int colopts;
 
-static int parse_branch_color_slot(const char *slot)
-{
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "plain"))
-		return BRANCH_COLOR_PLAIN;
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "reset"))
-		return BRANCH_COLOR_RESET;
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "remote"))
-		return BRANCH_COLOR_REMOTE;
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "local"))
-		return BRANCH_COLOR_LOCAL;
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "current"))
-		return BRANCH_COLOR_CURRENT;
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "upstream"))
-		return BRANCH_COLOR_UPSTREAM;
-	return -1;
-}
+define_list_config_array(color_branch_slots);
 
 static int git_branch_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	const char *slot_name;
+	struct ref_sorting **sorting_tail = (struct ref_sorting **)cb;
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "branch.sort")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		parse_ref_sorting(sorting_tail, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
 
 	if (starts_with(var, "column."))
 		return git_column_config(var, value, "branch", &colopts);
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ static int git_branch_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (skip_prefix(var, "color.branch.", &slot_name)) {
-		int slot = parse_branch_color_slot(slot_name);
+		int slot = LOOKUP_CONFIG(color_branch_slots, slot_name);
 		if (slot < 0)
 			return 0;
 		if (!value)
@@ -121,18 +121,17 @@ static int branch_merged(int kind, const char *name,
 	void *reference_name_to_free = NULL;
 	int merged;
 
-	if (kind == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH) {
+	if (kind == FILTER_REFS_BRANCHES) {
 		struct branch *branch = branch_get(name);
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		const char *upstream = branch_get_upstream(branch, NULL);
+		struct object_id oid;
 
-		if (branch &&
-		    branch->merge &&
-		    branch->merge[0] &&
-		    branch->merge[0]->dst &&
+		if (upstream &&
 		    (reference_name = reference_name_to_free =
-		     resolve_refdup(branch->merge[0]->dst, RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-				    sha1, NULL)) != NULL)
-			reference_rev = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+		     resolve_refdup(upstream, RESOLVE_REF_READING,
+				    &oid, NULL)) != NULL)
+			reference_rev = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository,
+								&oid);
 	}
 	if (!reference_rev)
 		reference_rev = head_rev;
@@ -162,10 +161,10 @@ static int branch_merged(int kind, const char *name,
 }
 
 static int check_branch_commit(const char *branchname, const char *refname,
-			       unsigned char *sha1, struct commit *head_rev,
+			       const struct object_id *oid, struct commit *head_rev,
 			       int kinds, int force)
 {
-	struct commit *rev = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	struct commit *rev = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, oid);
 	if (!rev) {
 		error(_("Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"), refname);
 		return -1;
@@ -192,516 +191,295 @@ static int delete_branches(int argc, const char **argv, int force, int kinds,
 			   int quiet)
 {
 	struct commit *head_rev = NULL;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	char *name = NULL;
 	const char *fmt;
 	int i;
 	int ret = 0;
 	int remote_branch = 0;
 	struct strbuf bname = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned allowed_interpret;
 
 	switch (kinds) {
-	case REF_REMOTE_BRANCH:
+	case FILTER_REFS_REMOTES:
 		fmt = "refs/remotes/%s";
 		/* For subsequent UI messages */
 		remote_branch = 1;
+		allowed_interpret = INTERPRET_BRANCH_REMOTE;
 
 		force = 1;
 		break;
-	case REF_LOCAL_BRANCH:
+	case FILTER_REFS_BRANCHES:
 		fmt = "refs/heads/%s";
+		allowed_interpret = INTERPRET_BRANCH_LOCAL;
 		break;
 	default:
 		die(_("cannot use -a with -d"));
 	}
 
 	if (!force) {
-		head_rev = lookup_commit_reference(head_sha1);
+		head_rev = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &head_oid);
 		if (!head_rev)
 			die(_("Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"));
 	}
-	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++, strbuf_release(&bname)) {
-		const char *target;
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++, strbuf_reset(&bname)) {
+		char *target = NULL;
 		int flags = 0;
 
-		strbuf_branchname(&bname, argv[i]);
-		if (kinds == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH && !strcmp(head, bname.buf)) {
-			error(_("Cannot delete the branch '%s' "
-			      "which you are currently on."), bname.buf);
-			ret = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-
+		strbuf_branchname(&bname, argv[i], allowed_interpret);
 		free(name);
-
 		name = mkpathdup(fmt, bname.buf);
-		target = resolve_ref_unsafe(name,
-					    RESOLVE_REF_READING
-					    | RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE
-					    | RESOLVE_REF_ALLOW_BAD_NAME,
-					    sha1, &flags);
+
+		if (kinds == FILTER_REFS_BRANCHES) {
+			const struct worktree *wt =
+				find_shared_symref("HEAD", name);
+			if (wt) {
+				error(_("Cannot delete branch '%s' "
+					"checked out at '%s'"),
+				      bname.buf, wt->path);
+				ret = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		target = resolve_refdup(name,
+					RESOLVE_REF_READING
+					| RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE
+					| RESOLVE_REF_ALLOW_BAD_NAME,
+					&oid, &flags);
 		if (!target) {
 			error(remote_branch
-			      ? _("remote branch '%s' not found.")
+			      ? _("remote-tracking branch '%s' not found.")
 			      : _("branch '%s' not found."), bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		if (!(flags & (REF_ISSYMREF|REF_ISBROKEN)) &&
-		    check_branch_commit(bname.buf, name, sha1, head_rev, kinds,
+		    check_branch_commit(bname.buf, name, &oid, head_rev, kinds,
 					force)) {
 			ret = 1;
-			continue;
+			goto next;
 		}
 
-		if (delete_ref(name, sha1, REF_NODEREF)) {
+		if (delete_ref(NULL, name, is_null_oid(&oid) ? NULL : &oid,
+			       REF_NO_DEREF)) {
 			error(remote_branch
-			      ? _("Error deleting remote branch '%s'")
+			      ? _("Error deleting remote-tracking branch '%s'")
 			      : _("Error deleting branch '%s'"),
 			      bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
-			continue;
+			goto next;
 		}
 		if (!quiet) {
 			printf(remote_branch
-			       ? _("Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n")
+			       ? _("Deleted remote-tracking branch %s (was %s).\n")
 			       : _("Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"),
 			       bname.buf,
 			       (flags & REF_ISBROKEN) ? "broken"
 			       : (flags & REF_ISSYMREF) ? target
-			       : find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+			       : find_unique_abbrev(&oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 		}
 		delete_branch_config(bname.buf);
+
+	next:
+		free(target);
 	}
 
 	free(name);
+	strbuf_release(&bname);
 
-	return(ret);
+	return ret;
 }
 
-struct ref_item {
-	char *name;
-	char *dest;
-	unsigned int kind, width;
-	struct commit *commit;
-	int ignore;
-};
-
-struct ref_list {
-	struct rev_info revs;
-	int index, alloc, maxwidth, verbose, abbrev;
-	struct ref_item *list;
-	struct commit_list *with_commit;
-	int kinds;
-};
-
-static char *resolve_symref(const char *src, const char *prefix)
-{
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int flag;
-	const char *dst;
-
-	dst = resolve_ref_unsafe(src, 0, sha1, &flag);
-	if (!(dst && (flag & REF_ISSYMREF)))
-		return NULL;
-	if (prefix)
-		skip_prefix(dst, prefix, &dst);
-	return xstrdup(dst);
-}
-
-struct append_ref_cb {
-	struct ref_list *ref_list;
-	const char **pattern;
-	int ret;
-};
-
-static int match_patterns(const char **pattern, const char *refname)
+static int calc_maxwidth(struct ref_array *refs, int remote_bonus)
 {
-	if (!*pattern)
-		return 1; /* no pattern always matches */
-	while (*pattern) {
-		if (!wildmatch(*pattern, refname, 0, NULL))
-			return 1;
-		pattern++;
+	int i, max = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < refs->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_array_item *it = refs->items[i];
+		const char *desc = it->refname;
+		int w;
+
+		skip_prefix(it->refname, "refs/heads/", &desc);
+		skip_prefix(it->refname, "refs/remotes/", &desc);
+		if (it->kind == FILTER_REFS_DETACHED_HEAD) {
+			char *head_desc = get_head_description();
+			w = utf8_strwidth(head_desc);
+			free(head_desc);
+		} else
+			w = utf8_strwidth(desc);
+
+		if (it->kind == FILTER_REFS_REMOTES)
+			w += remote_bonus;
+		if (w > max)
+			max = w;
 	}
-	return 0;
+	return max;
 }
 
-static int append_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
+static const char *quote_literal_for_format(const char *s)
 {
-	struct append_ref_cb *cb = (struct append_ref_cb *)(cb_data);
-	struct ref_list *ref_list = cb->ref_list;
-	struct ref_item *newitem;
-	struct commit *commit;
-	int kind, i;
-	const char *prefix, *orig_refname = refname;
-
-	static struct {
-		int kind;
-		const char *prefix;
-	} ref_kind[] = {
-		{ REF_LOCAL_BRANCH, "refs/heads/" },
-		{ REF_REMOTE_BRANCH, "refs/remotes/" },
-	};
-
-	/* Detect kind */
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(ref_kind); i++) {
-		prefix = ref_kind[i].prefix;
-		if (skip_prefix(refname, prefix, &refname)) {
-			kind = ref_kind[i].kind;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	if (ARRAY_SIZE(ref_kind) <= i)
-		return 0;
+	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	/* Don't add types the caller doesn't want */
-	if ((kind & ref_list->kinds) == 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (!match_patterns(cb->pattern, refname))
-		return 0;
-
-	commit = NULL;
-	if (ref_list->verbose || ref_list->with_commit || merge_filter != NO_FILTER) {
-		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
-		if (!commit) {
-			cb->ret = error(_("branch '%s' does not point at a commit"), refname);
-			return 0;
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	while (*s) {
+		const char *ep = strchrnul(s, '%');
+		if (s < ep)
+			strbuf_add(&buf, s, ep - s);
+		if (*ep == '%') {
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "%%");
+			s = ep + 1;
+		} else {
+			s = ep;
 		}
-
-		/* Filter with with_commit if specified */
-		if (!is_descendant_of(commit, ref_list->with_commit))
-			return 0;
-
-		if (merge_filter != NO_FILTER)
-			add_pending_object(&ref_list->revs,
-					   (struct object *)commit, refname);
 	}
-
-	ALLOC_GROW(ref_list->list, ref_list->index + 1, ref_list->alloc);
-
-	/* Record the new item */
-	newitem = &(ref_list->list[ref_list->index++]);
-	newitem->name = xstrdup(refname);
-	newitem->kind = kind;
-	newitem->commit = commit;
-	newitem->width = utf8_strwidth(refname);
-	newitem->dest = resolve_symref(orig_refname, prefix);
-	newitem->ignore = 0;
-	/* adjust for "remotes/" */
-	if (newitem->kind == REF_REMOTE_BRANCH &&
-	    ref_list->kinds != REF_REMOTE_BRANCH)
-		newitem->width += 8;
-	if (newitem->width > ref_list->maxwidth)
-		ref_list->maxwidth = newitem->width;
-
-	return 0;
+	return buf.buf;
 }
 
-static void free_ref_list(struct ref_list *ref_list)
+static char *build_format(struct ref_filter *filter, int maxwidth, const char *remote_prefix)
 {
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < ref_list->index; i++) {
-		free(ref_list->list[i].name);
-		free(ref_list->list[i].dest);
-	}
-	free(ref_list->list);
-}
-
-static int ref_cmp(const void *r1, const void *r2)
-{
-	struct ref_item *c1 = (struct ref_item *)(r1);
-	struct ref_item *c2 = (struct ref_item *)(r2);
-
-	if (c1->kind != c2->kind)
-		return c1->kind - c2->kind;
-	return strcmp(c1->name, c2->name);
-}
-
-static void fill_tracking_info(struct strbuf *stat, const char *branch_name,
-		int show_upstream_ref)
-{
-	int ours, theirs;
-	char *ref = NULL;
-	struct branch *branch = branch_get(branch_name);
-	struct strbuf fancy = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int upstream_is_gone = 0;
-	int added_decoration = 1;
-
-	switch (stat_tracking_info(branch, &ours, &theirs)) {
-	case 0:
-		/* no base */
-		return;
-	case -1:
-		/* with "gone" base */
-		upstream_is_gone = 1;
-		break;
-	default:
-		/* with base */
-		break;
-	}
-
-	if (show_upstream_ref) {
-		ref = shorten_unambiguous_ref(branch->merge[0]->dst, 0);
-		if (want_color(branch_use_color))
-			strbuf_addf(&fancy, "%s%s%s",
-					branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_UPSTREAM),
-					ref, branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_RESET));
+	struct strbuf fmt = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf local = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf remote = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&local, "%%(if)%%(HEAD)%%(then)* %s%%(else)  %s%%(end)",
+		    branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_CURRENT),
+		    branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_LOCAL));
+	strbuf_addf(&remote, "  %s",
+		    branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_REMOTE));
+
+	if (filter->verbose) {
+		struct strbuf obname = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (filter->abbrev < 0)
+			strbuf_addf(&obname, "%%(objectname:short)");
+		else if (!filter->abbrev)
+			strbuf_addf(&obname, "%%(objectname)");
 		else
-			strbuf_addstr(&fancy, ref);
-	}
+			strbuf_addf(&obname, "%%(objectname:short=%d)", filter->abbrev);
 
-	if (upstream_is_gone) {
-		if (show_upstream_ref)
-			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[%s: gone]"), fancy.buf);
-		else
-			added_decoration = 0;
-	} else if (!ours && !theirs) {
-		if (show_upstream_ref)
-			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[%s]"), fancy.buf);
-		else
-			added_decoration = 0;
-	} else if (!ours) {
-		if (show_upstream_ref)
-			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[%s: behind %d]"), fancy.buf, theirs);
-		else
-			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[behind %d]"), theirs);
+		strbuf_addf(&local, "%%(align:%d,left)%%(refname:lstrip=2)%%(end)", maxwidth);
+		strbuf_addstr(&local, branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_RESET));
+		strbuf_addf(&local, " %s ", obname.buf);
 
-	} else if (!theirs) {
-		if (show_upstream_ref)
-			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[%s: ahead %d]"), fancy.buf, ours);
+		if (filter->verbose > 1)
+			strbuf_addf(&local, "%%(if)%%(upstream)%%(then)[%s%%(upstream:short)%s%%(if)%%(upstream:track)"
+				    "%%(then): %%(upstream:track,nobracket)%%(end)] %%(end)%%(contents:subject)",
+				    branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_UPSTREAM), branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_RESET));
 		else
-			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[ahead %d]"), ours);
+			strbuf_addf(&local, "%%(if)%%(upstream:track)%%(then)%%(upstream:track) %%(end)%%(contents:subject)");
+
+		strbuf_addf(&remote, "%%(align:%d,left)%s%%(refname:lstrip=2)%%(end)%s"
+			    "%%(if)%%(symref)%%(then) -> %%(symref:short)"
+			    "%%(else) %s %%(contents:subject)%%(end)",
+			    maxwidth, quote_literal_for_format(remote_prefix),
+			    branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_RESET), obname.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&obname);
 	} else {
-		if (show_upstream_ref)
-			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"),
-				    fancy.buf, ours, theirs);
-		else
-			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[ahead %d, behind %d]"),
-				    ours, theirs);
-	}
-	strbuf_release(&fancy);
-	if (added_decoration)
-		strbuf_addch(stat, ' ');
-	free(ref);
-}
-
-static void add_verbose_info(struct strbuf *out, struct ref_item *item,
-			     int verbose, int abbrev)
-{
-	struct strbuf subject = STRBUF_INIT, stat = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *sub = _(" **** invalid ref ****");
-	struct commit *commit = item->commit;
-
-	if (!parse_commit(commit)) {
-		pp_commit_easy(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit, &subject);
-		sub = subject.buf;
+		strbuf_addf(&local, "%%(refname:lstrip=2)%s%%(if)%%(symref)%%(then) -> %%(symref:short)%%(end)",
+			    branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_RESET));
+		strbuf_addf(&remote, "%s%%(refname:lstrip=2)%s%%(if)%%(symref)%%(then) -> %%(symref:short)%%(end)",
+			    quote_literal_for_format(remote_prefix),
+			    branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_RESET));
 	}
 
-	if (item->kind == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH)
-		fill_tracking_info(&stat, item->name, verbose > 1);
+	strbuf_addf(&fmt, "%%(if:notequals=refs/remotes)%%(refname:rstrip=-2)%%(then)%s%%(else)%s%%(end)", local.buf, remote.buf);
 
-	strbuf_addf(out, " %s %s%s",
-		find_unique_abbrev(item->commit->object.sha1, abbrev),
-		stat.buf, sub);
-	strbuf_release(&stat);
-	strbuf_release(&subject);
+	strbuf_release(&local);
+	strbuf_release(&remote);
+	return strbuf_detach(&fmt, NULL);
 }
 
-static void print_ref_item(struct ref_item *item, int maxwidth, int verbose,
-			   int abbrev, int current, char *prefix)
+static void print_ref_list(struct ref_filter *filter, struct ref_sorting *sorting, struct ref_format *format)
 {
-	char c;
-	int color;
-	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT, name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i;
+	struct ref_array array;
+	int maxwidth = 0;
+	const char *remote_prefix = "";
+	char *to_free = NULL;
 
-	if (item->ignore)
-		return;
+	/*
+	 * If we are listing more than just remote branches,
+	 * then remote branches will have a "remotes/" prefix.
+	 * We need to account for this in the width.
+	 */
+	if (filter->kind != FILTER_REFS_REMOTES)
+		remote_prefix = "remotes/";
 
-	switch (item->kind) {
-	case REF_LOCAL_BRANCH:
-		color = BRANCH_COLOR_LOCAL;
-		break;
-	case REF_REMOTE_BRANCH:
-		color = BRANCH_COLOR_REMOTE;
-		break;
-	default:
-		color = BRANCH_COLOR_PLAIN;
-		break;
-	}
+	memset(&array, 0, sizeof(array));
 
-	c = ' ';
-	if (current) {
-		c = '*';
-		color = BRANCH_COLOR_CURRENT;
-	}
+	filter_refs(&array, filter, filter->kind | FILTER_REFS_INCLUDE_BROKEN);
 
-	strbuf_addf(&name, "%s%s", prefix, item->name);
-	if (verbose) {
-		int utf8_compensation = strlen(name.buf) - utf8_strwidth(name.buf);
-		strbuf_addf(&out, "%c %s%-*s%s", c, branch_get_color(color),
-			    maxwidth + utf8_compensation, name.buf,
-			    branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_RESET));
-	} else
-		strbuf_addf(&out, "%c %s%s%s", c, branch_get_color(color),
-			    name.buf, branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_RESET));
-
-	if (item->dest)
-		strbuf_addf(&out, " -> %s", item->dest);
-	else if (verbose)
-		/* " f7c0c00 [ahead 58, behind 197] vcs-svn: drop obj_pool.h" */
-		add_verbose_info(&out, item, verbose, abbrev);
-	if (column_active(colopts)) {
-		assert(!verbose && "--column and --verbose are incompatible");
-		string_list_append(&output, out.buf);
-	} else {
-		printf("%s\n", out.buf);
-	}
-	strbuf_release(&name);
-	strbuf_release(&out);
-}
+	if (filter->verbose)
+		maxwidth = calc_maxwidth(&array, strlen(remote_prefix));
 
-static int calc_maxwidth(struct ref_list *refs)
-{
-	int i, w = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < refs->index; i++) {
-		if (refs->list[i].ignore)
-			continue;
-		if (refs->list[i].width > w)
-			w = refs->list[i].width;
-	}
-	return w;
-}
+	if (!format->format)
+		format->format = to_free = build_format(filter, maxwidth, remote_prefix);
+	format->use_color = branch_use_color;
 
-static char *get_head_description(void)
-{
-	struct strbuf desc = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct wt_status_state state;
-	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
-	wt_status_get_state(&state, 1);
-	if (state.rebase_in_progress ||
-	    state.rebase_interactive_in_progress)
-		strbuf_addf(&desc, _("(no branch, rebasing %s)"),
-			    state.branch);
-	else if (state.bisect_in_progress)
-		strbuf_addf(&desc, _("(no branch, bisect started on %s)"),
-			    state.branch);
-	else if (state.detached_from)
-		strbuf_addf(&desc, _("(detached from %s)"),
-			    state.detached_from);
-	else
-		strbuf_addstr(&desc, _("(no branch)"));
-	free(state.branch);
-	free(state.onto);
-	free(state.detached_from);
-	return strbuf_detach(&desc, NULL);
-}
+	if (verify_ref_format(format))
+		die(_("unable to parse format string"));
 
-static void show_detached(struct ref_list *ref_list)
-{
-	struct commit *head_commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(head_sha1, 1);
-
-	if (head_commit && is_descendant_of(head_commit, ref_list->with_commit)) {
-		struct ref_item item;
-		item.name = get_head_description();
-		item.width = utf8_strwidth(item.name);
-		item.kind = REF_LOCAL_BRANCH;
-		item.dest = NULL;
-		item.commit = head_commit;
-		item.ignore = 0;
-		if (item.width > ref_list->maxwidth)
-			ref_list->maxwidth = item.width;
-		print_ref_item(&item, ref_list->maxwidth, ref_list->verbose, ref_list->abbrev, 1, "");
-		free(item.name);
+	ref_array_sort(sorting, &array);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < array.nr; i++) {
+		struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+		if (format_ref_array_item(array.items[i], format, &out, &err))
+			die("%s", err.buf);
+		if (column_active(colopts)) {
+			assert(!filter->verbose && "--column and --verbose are incompatible");
+			 /* format to a string_list to let print_columns() do its job */
+			string_list_append(&output, out.buf);
+		} else {
+			fwrite(out.buf, 1, out.len, stdout);
+			putchar('\n');
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&err);
+		strbuf_release(&out);
 	}
+
+	ref_array_clear(&array);
+	free(to_free);
 }
 
-static int print_ref_list(int kinds, int detached, int verbose, int abbrev, struct commit_list *with_commit, const char **pattern)
+static void reject_rebase_or_bisect_branch(const char *target)
 {
+	struct worktree **worktrees = get_worktrees(0);
 	int i;
-	struct append_ref_cb cb;
-	struct ref_list ref_list;
-
-	memset(&ref_list, 0, sizeof(ref_list));
-	ref_list.kinds = kinds;
-	ref_list.verbose = verbose;
-	ref_list.abbrev = abbrev;
-	ref_list.with_commit = with_commit;
-	if (merge_filter != NO_FILTER)
-		init_revisions(&ref_list.revs, NULL);
-	cb.ref_list = &ref_list;
-	cb.pattern = pattern;
-	cb.ret = 0;
-	for_each_rawref(append_ref, &cb);
-	if (merge_filter != NO_FILTER) {
-		struct commit *filter;
-		filter = lookup_commit_reference_gently(merge_filter_ref, 0);
-		if (!filter)
-			die(_("object '%s' does not point to a commit"),
-			    sha1_to_hex(merge_filter_ref));
-
-		filter->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
-		add_pending_object(&ref_list.revs,
-				   (struct object *) filter, "");
-		ref_list.revs.limited = 1;
-
-		if (prepare_revision_walk(&ref_list.revs))
-			die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
-
-		for (i = 0; i < ref_list.index; i++) {
-			struct ref_item *item = &ref_list.list[i];
-			struct commit *commit = item->commit;
-			int is_merged = !!(commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING);
-			item->ignore = is_merged != (merge_filter == SHOW_MERGED);
-		}
 
-		for (i = 0; i < ref_list.index; i++) {
-			struct ref_item *item = &ref_list.list[i];
-			clear_commit_marks(item->commit, ALL_REV_FLAGS);
-		}
-		clear_commit_marks(filter, ALL_REV_FLAGS);
+	for (i = 0; worktrees[i]; i++) {
+		struct worktree *wt = worktrees[i];
 
-		if (verbose)
-			ref_list.maxwidth = calc_maxwidth(&ref_list);
-	}
-
-	qsort(ref_list.list, ref_list.index, sizeof(struct ref_item), ref_cmp);
-
-	detached = (detached && (kinds & REF_LOCAL_BRANCH));
-	if (detached && match_patterns(pattern, "HEAD"))
-		show_detached(&ref_list);
-
-	for (i = 0; i < ref_list.index; i++) {
-		int current = !detached &&
-			(ref_list.list[i].kind == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH) &&
-			!strcmp(ref_list.list[i].name, head);
-		char *prefix = (kinds != REF_REMOTE_BRANCH &&
-				ref_list.list[i].kind == REF_REMOTE_BRANCH)
-				? "remotes/" : "";
-		print_ref_item(&ref_list.list[i], ref_list.maxwidth, verbose,
-			       abbrev, current, prefix);
-	}
+		if (!wt->is_detached)
+			continue;
 
-	free_ref_list(&ref_list);
+		if (is_worktree_being_rebased(wt, target))
+			die(_("Branch %s is being rebased at %s"),
+			    target, wt->path);
 
-	if (cb.ret)
-		error(_("some refs could not be read"));
+		if (is_worktree_being_bisected(wt, target))
+			die(_("Branch %s is being bisected at %s"),
+			    target, wt->path);
+	}
 
-	return cb.ret;
+	free_worktrees(worktrees);
 }
 
-static void rename_branch(const char *oldname, const char *newname, int force)
+static void copy_or_rename_branch(const char *oldname, const char *newname, int copy, int force)
 {
 	struct strbuf oldref = STRBUF_INIT, newref = STRBUF_INIT, logmsg = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf oldsection = STRBUF_INIT, newsection = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *interpreted_oldname = NULL;
+	const char *interpreted_newname = NULL;
 	int recovery = 0;
-	int clobber_head_ok;
 
-	if (!oldname)
-		die(_("cannot rename the current branch while not on any."));
+	if (!oldname) {
+		if (copy)
+			die(_("cannot copy the current branch while not on any."));
+		else
+			die(_("cannot rename the current branch while not on any."));
+	}
 
 	if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&oldref, oldname)) {
 		/*
@@ -718,54 +496,61 @@ static void rename_branch(const char *oldname, const char *newname, int force)
 	 * A command like "git branch -M currentbranch currentbranch" cannot
 	 * cause the worktree to become inconsistent with HEAD, so allow it.
 	 */
-	clobber_head_ok = !strcmp(oldname, newname);
+	if (!strcmp(oldname, newname))
+		validate_branchname(newname, &newref);
+	else
+		validate_new_branchname(newname, &newref, force);
 
-	validate_new_branchname(newname, &newref, force, clobber_head_ok);
+	reject_rebase_or_bisect_branch(oldref.buf);
+
+	if (!skip_prefix(oldref.buf, "refs/heads/", &interpreted_oldname) ||
+	    !skip_prefix(newref.buf, "refs/heads/", &interpreted_newname)) {
+		BUG("expected prefix missing for refs");
+	}
 
-	strbuf_addf(&logmsg, "Branch: renamed %s to %s",
-		 oldref.buf, newref.buf);
+	if (copy)
+		strbuf_addf(&logmsg, "Branch: copied %s to %s",
+			    oldref.buf, newref.buf);
+	else
+		strbuf_addf(&logmsg, "Branch: renamed %s to %s",
+			    oldref.buf, newref.buf);
 
-	if (rename_ref(oldref.buf, newref.buf, logmsg.buf))
+	if (!copy && rename_ref(oldref.buf, newref.buf, logmsg.buf))
 		die(_("Branch rename failed"));
-	strbuf_release(&logmsg);
+	if (copy && copy_existing_ref(oldref.buf, newref.buf, logmsg.buf))
+		die(_("Branch copy failed"));
 
-	if (recovery)
-		warning(_("Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"), oldref.buf + 11);
+	if (recovery) {
+		if (copy)
+			warning(_("Created a copy of a misnamed branch '%s'"),
+				interpreted_oldname);
+		else
+			warning(_("Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"),
+				interpreted_oldname);
+	}
 
-	/* no need to pass logmsg here as HEAD didn't really move */
-	if (!strcmp(oldname, head) && create_symref("HEAD", newref.buf, NULL))
+	if (!copy &&
+	    replace_each_worktree_head_symref(oldref.buf, newref.buf, logmsg.buf))
 		die(_("Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"), newname);
 
-	strbuf_addf(&oldsection, "branch.%s", oldref.buf + 11);
+	strbuf_release(&logmsg);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&oldsection, "branch.%s", interpreted_oldname);
 	strbuf_release(&oldref);
-	strbuf_addf(&newsection, "branch.%s", newref.buf + 11);
+	strbuf_addf(&newsection, "branch.%s", interpreted_newname);
 	strbuf_release(&newref);
-	if (git_config_rename_section(oldsection.buf, newsection.buf) < 0)
+	if (!copy && git_config_rename_section(oldsection.buf, newsection.buf) < 0)
 		die(_("Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"));
+	if (copy && strcmp(oldname, newname) && git_config_copy_section(oldsection.buf, newsection.buf) < 0)
+		die(_("Branch is copied, but update of config-file failed"));
 	strbuf_release(&oldsection);
 	strbuf_release(&newsection);
 }
 
-static int opt_parse_merge_filter(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	merge_filter = ((opt->long_name[0] == 'n')
-			? SHOW_NOT_MERGED
-			: SHOW_MERGED);
-	if (unset)
-		merge_filter = SHOW_NOT_MERGED; /* b/c for --no-merged */
-	if (!arg)
-		arg = "HEAD";
-	if (get_sha1(arg, merge_filter_ref))
-		die(_("malformed object name %s"), arg);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static const char edit_description[] = "BRANCH_DESCRIPTION";
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(edit_description, "EDIT_DESCRIPTION")
 
 static int edit_branch_description(const char *branch_name)
 {
-	FILE *fp;
-	int status;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
 
@@ -773,132 +558,141 @@ static int edit_branch_description(const char *branch_name)
 	if (!buf.len || buf.buf[buf.len-1] != '\n')
 		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
 	strbuf_commented_addf(&buf,
-		    "Please edit the description for the branch\n"
-		    "  %s\n"
-		    "Lines starting with '%c' will be stripped.\n",
+		    _("Please edit the description for the branch\n"
+		      "  %s\n"
+		      "Lines starting with '%c' will be stripped.\n"),
 		    branch_name, comment_line_char);
-	fp = fopen(git_path(edit_description), "w");
-	if ((fwrite(buf.buf, 1, buf.len, fp) < buf.len) || fclose(fp)) {
-		strbuf_release(&buf);
-		return error(_("could not write branch description template: %s"),
-			     strerror(errno));
-	}
+	write_file_buf(edit_description(), buf.buf, buf.len);
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
-	if (launch_editor(git_path(edit_description), &buf, NULL)) {
+	if (launch_editor(edit_description(), &buf, NULL)) {
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 		return -1;
 	}
-	stripspace(&buf, 1);
+	strbuf_stripspace(&buf, 1);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&name, "branch.%s.description", branch_name);
-	status = git_config_set(name.buf, buf.len ? buf.buf : NULL);
+	git_config_set(name.buf, buf.len ? buf.buf : NULL);
 	strbuf_release(&name);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 
-	return status;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int deprecated_reflog_option_cb(const struct option *opt,
+				       const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	used_deprecated_reflog_option = 1;
+	*(int *)opt->value = !unset;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int delete = 0, rename = 0, force = 0, list = 0;
-	int verbose = 0, abbrev = -1, detached = 0;
+	int delete = 0, rename = 0, copy = 0, force = 0, list = 0;
 	int reflog = 0, edit_description = 0;
 	int quiet = 0, unset_upstream = 0;
 	const char *new_upstream = NULL;
 	enum branch_track track;
-	int kinds = REF_LOCAL_BRANCH;
-	struct commit_list *with_commit = NULL;
+	struct ref_filter filter;
+	int icase = 0;
+	static struct ref_sorting *sorting = NULL, **sorting_tail = &sorting;
+	struct ref_format format = REF_FORMAT_INIT;
 
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_GROUP(N_("Generic options")),
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose,
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&filter.verbose,
 			N_("show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch")),
 		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("suppress informational messages")),
 		OPT_SET_INT('t', "track",  &track, N_("set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"),
 			BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT),
-		OPT_SET_INT( 0, "set-upstream",  &track, N_("change upstream info"),
-			BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE),
-		OPT_STRING('u', "set-upstream-to", &new_upstream, "upstream", "change the upstream info"),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "unset-upstream", &unset_upstream, "Unset the upstream info"),
+		OPT_SET_INT_F(0, "set-upstream", &track, N_("do not use"),
+			BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE, PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN),
+		OPT_STRING('u', "set-upstream-to", &new_upstream, N_("upstream"), N_("change the upstream info")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "unset-upstream", &unset_upstream, N_("Unset the upstream info")),
 		OPT__COLOR(&branch_use_color, N_("use colored output")),
-		OPT_SET_INT('r', "remotes",     &kinds, N_("act on remote-tracking branches"),
-			REF_REMOTE_BRANCH),
-		{
-			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "contains", &with_commit, N_("commit"),
-			N_("print only branches that contain the commit"),
-			PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT,
-			parse_opt_with_commit, (intptr_t)"HEAD",
-		},
-		{
-			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "with", &with_commit, N_("commit"),
-			N_("print only branches that contain the commit"),
-			PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT,
-			parse_opt_with_commit, (intptr_t) "HEAD",
-		},
-		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
+		OPT_SET_INT('r', "remotes",     &filter.kind, N_("act on remote-tracking branches"),
+			FILTER_REFS_REMOTES),
+		OPT_CONTAINS(&filter.with_commit, N_("print only branches that contain the commit")),
+		OPT_NO_CONTAINS(&filter.no_commit, N_("print only branches that don't contain the commit")),
+		OPT_WITH(&filter.with_commit, N_("print only branches that contain the commit")),
+		OPT_WITHOUT(&filter.no_commit, N_("print only branches that don't contain the commit")),
+		OPT__ABBREV(&filter.abbrev),
 
 		OPT_GROUP(N_("Specific git-branch actions:")),
-		OPT_SET_INT('a', "all", &kinds, N_("list both remote-tracking and local branches"),
-			REF_REMOTE_BRANCH | REF_LOCAL_BRANCH),
+		OPT_SET_INT('a', "all", &filter.kind, N_("list both remote-tracking and local branches"),
+			FILTER_REFS_REMOTES | FILTER_REFS_BRANCHES),
 		OPT_BIT('d', "delete", &delete, N_("delete fully merged branch"), 1),
 		OPT_BIT('D', NULL, &delete, N_("delete branch (even if not merged)"), 2),
 		OPT_BIT('m', "move", &rename, N_("move/rename a branch and its reflog"), 1),
 		OPT_BIT('M', NULL, &rename, N_("move/rename a branch, even if target exists"), 2),
+		OPT_BIT('c', "copy", &copy, N_("copy a branch and its reflog"), 1),
+		OPT_BIT('C', NULL, &copy, N_("copy a branch, even if target exists"), 2),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "list", &list, N_("list branch names")),
-		OPT_BOOL('l', "create-reflog", &reflog, N_("create the branch's reflog")),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "edit-description", &edit_description,
-			 N_("edit the description for the branch")),
-		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("force creation, move/rename, deletion")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "create-reflog", &reflog, N_("create the branch's reflog")),
 		{
-			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "no-merged", &merge_filter_ref,
-			N_("commit"), N_("print only not merged branches"),
-			PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
-			opt_parse_merge_filter, (intptr_t) "HEAD",
+			OPTION_CALLBACK, 'l', NULL, &reflog, NULL,
+			N_("deprecated synonym for --create-reflog"),
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN,
+			deprecated_reflog_option_cb
 		},
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "edit-description", &edit_description,
+			 N_("edit the description for the branch")),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("force creation, move/rename, deletion"), PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
+		OPT_MERGED(&filter, N_("print only branches that are merged")),
+		OPT_NO_MERGED(&filter, N_("print only branches that are not merged")),
+		OPT_COLUMN(0, "column", &colopts, N_("list branches in columns")),
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0 , "sort", sorting_tail, N_("key"),
+			     N_("field name to sort on"), &parse_opt_ref_sorting),
 		{
-			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "merged", &merge_filter_ref,
-			N_("commit"), N_("print only merged branches"),
-			PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
-			opt_parse_merge_filter, (intptr_t) "HEAD",
+			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "points-at", &filter.points_at, N_("object"),
+			N_("print only branches of the object"), 0, parse_opt_object_name
 		},
-		OPT_COLUMN(0, "column", &colopts, N_("list branches in columns")),
+		OPT_BOOL('i', "ignore-case", &icase, N_("sorting and filtering are case insensitive")),
+		OPT_STRING(  0 , "format", &format.format, N_("format"), N_("format to use for the output")),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
+	setup_ref_filter_porcelain_msg();
+
+	memset(&filter, 0, sizeof(filter));
+	filter.kind = FILTER_REFS_BRANCHES;
+	filter.abbrev = -1;
+
 	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 		usage_with_options(builtin_branch_usage, options);
 
-	git_config(git_branch_config, NULL);
+	git_config(git_branch_config, sorting_tail);
 
 	track = git_branch_track;
 
-	head = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, head_sha1, NULL);
+	head = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, &head_oid, NULL);
 	if (!head)
 		die(_("Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."));
 	if (!strcmp(head, "HEAD"))
-		detached = 1;
+		filter.detached = 1;
 	else if (!skip_prefix(head, "refs/heads/", &head))
 		die(_("HEAD not found below refs/heads!"));
-	hashcpy(merge_filter_ref, head_sha1);
-
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, builtin_branch_usage,
 			     0);
 
-	if (!delete && !rename && !edit_description && !new_upstream && !unset_upstream && argc == 0)
+	if (!delete && !rename && !copy && !edit_description && !new_upstream && !unset_upstream && argc == 0)
 		list = 1;
 
-	if (with_commit || merge_filter != NO_FILTER)
+	if (filter.with_commit || filter.merge != REF_FILTER_MERGED_NONE || filter.points_at.nr ||
+	    filter.no_commit)
 		list = 1;
 
-	if (!!delete + !!rename + !!new_upstream +
+	if (!!delete + !!rename + !!copy + !!new_upstream +
 	    list + unset_upstream > 1)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_branch_usage, options);
 
-	if (abbrev == -1)
-		abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+	if (filter.abbrev == -1)
+		filter.abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+	filter.ignore_case = icase;
+
 	finalize_colopts(&colopts, -1);
-	if (verbose) {
+	if (filter.verbose) {
 		if (explicitly_enable_column(colopts))
 			die(_("--column and --verbose are incompatible"));
 		colopts = 0;
@@ -907,25 +701,47 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (force) {
 		delete *= 2;
 		rename *= 2;
+		copy *= 2;
+	}
+
+	if (list)
+		setup_auto_pager("branch", 1);
+
+	if (used_deprecated_reflog_option && !list) {
+		warning("the '-l' alias for '--create-reflog' is deprecated;");
+		warning("it will be removed in a future version of Git");
 	}
 
 	if (delete) {
 		if (!argc)
 			die(_("branch name required"));
-		return delete_branches(argc, argv, delete > 1, kinds, quiet);
+		return delete_branches(argc, argv, delete > 1, filter.kind, quiet);
 	} else if (list) {
-		int ret = print_ref_list(kinds, detached, verbose, abbrev,
-					 with_commit, argv);
+		/*  git branch --local also shows HEAD when it is detached */
+		if ((filter.kind & FILTER_REFS_BRANCHES) && filter.detached)
+			filter.kind |= FILTER_REFS_DETACHED_HEAD;
+		filter.name_patterns = argv;
+		/*
+		 * If no sorting parameter is given then we default to sorting
+		 * by 'refname'. This would give us an alphabetically sorted
+		 * array with the 'HEAD' ref at the beginning followed by
+		 * local branches 'refs/heads/...' and finally remote-tracking
+		 * branches 'refs/remotes/...'.
+		 */
+		if (!sorting)
+			sorting = ref_default_sorting();
+		sorting->ignore_case = icase;
+		print_ref_list(&filter, sorting, &format);
 		print_columns(&output, colopts, NULL);
 		string_list_clear(&output, 0);
-		return ret;
+		return 0;
 	}
 	else if (edit_description) {
 		const char *branch_name;
 		struct strbuf branch_ref = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 		if (!argc) {
-			if (detached)
+			if (filter.detached)
 				die(_("Cannot give description to detached HEAD"));
 			branch_name = head;
 		} else if (argc == 1)
@@ -948,20 +764,29 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 		if (edit_branch_description(branch_name))
 			return 1;
+	} else if (copy) {
+		if (!argc)
+			die(_("branch name required"));
+		else if (argc == 1)
+			copy_or_rename_branch(head, argv[0], 1, copy > 1);
+		else if (argc == 2)
+			copy_or_rename_branch(argv[0], argv[1], 1, copy > 1);
+		else
+			die(_("too many branches for a copy operation"));
 	} else if (rename) {
 		if (!argc)
 			die(_("branch name required"));
 		else if (argc == 1)
-			rename_branch(head, argv[0], rename > 1);
+			copy_or_rename_branch(head, argv[0], 0, rename > 1);
 		else if (argc == 2)
-			rename_branch(argv[0], argv[1], rename > 1);
+			copy_or_rename_branch(argv[0], argv[1], 0, rename > 1);
 		else
-			die(_("too many branches for a rename operation"));
+			die(_("too many arguments for a rename operation"));
 	} else if (new_upstream) {
 		struct branch *branch = branch_get(argv[0]);
 
 		if (argc > 1)
-			die(_("too many branches to set new upstream"));
+			die(_("too many arguments to set new upstream"));
 
 		if (!branch) {
 			if (!argc || !strcmp(argv[0], "HEAD"))
@@ -978,13 +803,13 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		 * create_branch takes care of setting up the tracking
 		 * info and making sure new_upstream is correct
 		 */
-		create_branch(head, branch->name, new_upstream, 0, 0, 0, quiet, BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE);
+		create_branch(branch->name, new_upstream, 0, 0, 0, quiet, BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE);
 	} else if (unset_upstream) {
 		struct branch *branch = branch_get(argv[0]);
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 		if (argc > 1)
-			die(_("too many branches to unset upstream"));
+			die(_("too many arguments to unset upstream"));
 
 		if (!branch) {
 			if (!argc || !strcmp(argv[0], "HEAD"))
@@ -1004,40 +829,18 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	} else if (argc > 0 && argc <= 2) {
 		struct branch *branch = branch_get(argv[0]);
-		int branch_existed = 0, remote_tracking = 0;
-		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-		if (!strcmp(argv[0], "HEAD"))
-			die(_("it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"));
 
 		if (!branch)
 			die(_("no such branch '%s'"), argv[0]);
 
-		if (kinds != REF_LOCAL_BRANCH)
+		if (filter.kind != FILTER_REFS_BRANCHES)
 			die(_("-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"));
 
 		if (track == BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE)
-			fprintf(stderr, _("The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --track or --set-upstream-to\n"));
-
-		strbuf_addf(&buf, "refs/remotes/%s", branch->name);
-		remote_tracking = ref_exists(buf.buf);
-		strbuf_release(&buf);
-
-		branch_existed = ref_exists(branch->refname);
-		create_branch(head, argv[0], (argc == 2) ? argv[1] : head,
-			      force, reflog, 0, quiet, track);
+			die(_("the '--set-upstream' option is no longer supported. Please use '--track' or '--set-upstream-to' instead."));
 
-		/*
-		 * We only show the instructions if the user gave us
-		 * one branch which doesn't exist locally, but is the
-		 * name of a remote-tracking branch.
-		 */
-		if (argc == 1 && track == BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE &&
-		    !branch_existed && remote_tracking) {
-			fprintf(stderr, _("\nIf you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n\n"), head, branch->name);
-			fprintf(stderr, _("    git branch -d %s\n"), branch->name);
-			fprintf(stderr, _("    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"), branch->name);
-		}
+		create_branch(argv[0], (argc == 2) ? argv[1] : head,
+			      force, 0, reflog, quiet, track);
 
 	} else
 		usage_with_options(builtin_branch_usage, options);
diff --git a/builtin/bundle.c b/builtin/bundle.c
index 92a8a6026a..d0de59b94f 100644
--- a/builtin/bundle.c
+++ b/builtin/bundle.c
@@ -20,21 +20,15 @@ int cmd_bundle(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct bundle_header header;
 	const char *cmd, *bundle_file;
 	int bundle_fd = -1;
-	char buffer[PATH_MAX];
 
 	if (argc < 3)
 		usage(builtin_bundle_usage);
 
 	cmd = argv[1];
-	bundle_file = argv[2];
+	bundle_file = prefix_filename(prefix, argv[2]);
 	argc -= 2;
 	argv += 2;
 
-	if (prefix && bundle_file[0] != '/') {
-		snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%s/%s", prefix, bundle_file);
-		bundle_file = buffer;
-	}
-
 	memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
 	if (strcmp(cmd, "create") && (bundle_fd =
 				read_bundle_header(bundle_file, &header)) < 0)
@@ -42,6 +36,10 @@ int cmd_bundle(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (!strcmp(cmd, "verify")) {
 		close(bundle_fd);
+		if (argc != 1) {
+			usage(builtin_bundle_usage);
+			return 1;
+		}
 		if (verify_bundle(&header, 1))
 			return 1;
 		fprintf(stderr, _("%s is okay\n"), bundle_file);
@@ -52,6 +50,10 @@ int cmd_bundle(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		return !!list_bundle_refs(&header, argc, argv);
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(cmd, "create")) {
+		if (argc < 2) {
+			usage(builtin_bundle_usage);
+			return 1;
+		}
 		if (!startup_info->have_repository)
 			die(_("Need a repository to create a bundle."));
 		return !!create_bundle(&header, bundle_file, argc, argv);
diff --git a/builtin/cat-file.c b/builtin/cat-file.c
index df99df4db1..64ec1745ab 100644
--- a/builtin/cat-file.c
+++ b/builtin/cat-file.c
@@ -4,53 +4,121 @@
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "diff.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "userdiff.h"
 #include "streaming.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
+#include "sha1-array.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
-static int cat_one_file(int opt, const char *exp_type, const char *obj_name)
+struct batch_options {
+	int enabled;
+	int follow_symlinks;
+	int print_contents;
+	int buffer_output;
+	int all_objects;
+	int unordered;
+	int cmdmode; /* may be 'w' or 'c' for --filters or --textconv */
+	const char *format;
+};
+
+static const char *force_path;
+
+static int filter_object(const char *path, unsigned mode,
+			 const struct object_id *oid,
+			 char **buf, unsigned long *size)
+{
+	enum object_type type;
+
+	*buf = read_object_file(oid, &type, size);
+	if (!*buf)
+		return error(_("cannot read object %s '%s'"),
+			     oid_to_hex(oid), path);
+	if ((type == OBJ_BLOB) && S_ISREG(mode)) {
+		struct strbuf strbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		if (convert_to_working_tree(&the_index, path, *buf, *size, &strbuf)) {
+			free(*buf);
+			*size = strbuf.len;
+			*buf = strbuf_detach(&strbuf, NULL);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int cat_one_file(int opt, const char *exp_type, const char *obj_name,
+			int unknown_type)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	enum object_type type;
 	char *buf;
 	unsigned long size;
 	struct object_context obj_context;
+	struct object_info oi = OBJECT_INFO_INIT;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned flags = OBJECT_INFO_LOOKUP_REPLACE;
+	const char *path = force_path;
 
-	if (get_sha1_with_context(obj_name, 0, sha1, &obj_context))
+	if (unknown_type)
+		flags |= OBJECT_INFO_ALLOW_UNKNOWN_TYPE;
+
+	if (get_oid_with_context(obj_name, GET_OID_RECORD_PATH,
+				 &oid, &obj_context))
 		die("Not a valid object name %s", obj_name);
 
+	if (!path)
+		path = obj_context.path;
+	if (obj_context.mode == S_IFINVALID)
+		obj_context.mode = 0100644;
+
 	buf = NULL;
 	switch (opt) {
 	case 't':
-		type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
-		if (type > 0) {
-			printf("%s\n", typename(type));
+		oi.type_name = &sb;
+		if (oid_object_info_extended(the_repository, &oid, &oi, flags) < 0)
+			die("git cat-file: could not get object info");
+		if (sb.len) {
+			printf("%s\n", sb.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&sb);
 			return 0;
 		}
 		break;
 
 	case 's':
-		type = sha1_object_info(sha1, &size);
-		if (type > 0) {
-			printf("%lu\n", size);
-			return 0;
-		}
-		break;
+		oi.sizep = &size;
+		if (oid_object_info_extended(the_repository, &oid, &oi, flags) < 0)
+			die("git cat-file: could not get object info");
+		printf("%lu\n", size);
+		return 0;
 
 	case 'e':
-		return !has_sha1_file(sha1);
+		return !has_object_file(&oid);
+
+	case 'w':
+		if (!path)
+			die("git cat-file --filters %s: <object> must be "
+			    "<sha1:path>", obj_name);
+
+		if (filter_object(path, obj_context.mode,
+				  &oid, &buf, &size))
+			return -1;
+		break;
 
 	case 'c':
-		if (!obj_context.path[0])
+		if (!path)
 			die("git cat-file --textconv %s: <object> must be <sha1:path>",
 			    obj_name);
 
-		if (textconv_object(obj_context.path, obj_context.mode, sha1, 1, &buf, &size))
+		if (textconv_object(path, obj_context.mode, &oid, 1, &buf, &size))
 			break;
+		/* else fallthrough */
 
 	case 'p':
-		type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+		type = oid_object_info(the_repository, &oid, NULL);
 		if (type < 0)
 			die("Not a valid object name %s", obj_name);
 
@@ -63,8 +131,8 @@ static int cat_one_file(int opt, const char *exp_type, const char *obj_name)
 		}
 
 		if (type == OBJ_BLOB)
-			return stream_blob_to_fd(1, sha1, NULL, 0);
-		buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+			return stream_blob_to_fd(1, &oid, NULL, 0);
+		buf = read_object_file(&oid, &type, &size);
 		if (!buf)
 			die("Cannot read object %s", obj_name);
 
@@ -73,19 +141,20 @@ static int cat_one_file(int opt, const char *exp_type, const char *obj_name)
 
 	case 0:
 		if (type_from_string(exp_type) == OBJ_BLOB) {
-			unsigned char blob_sha1[20];
-			if (sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL) == OBJ_TAG) {
-				char *buffer = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+			struct object_id blob_oid;
+			if (oid_object_info(the_repository, &oid, NULL) == OBJ_TAG) {
+				char *buffer = read_object_file(&oid, &type,
+								&size);
 				const char *target;
 				if (!skip_prefix(buffer, "object ", &target) ||
-				    get_sha1_hex(target, blob_sha1))
-					die("%s not a valid tag", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+				    get_oid_hex(target, &blob_oid))
+					die("%s not a valid tag", oid_to_hex(&oid));
 				free(buffer);
 			} else
-				hashcpy(blob_sha1, sha1);
+				oidcpy(&blob_oid, &oid);
 
-			if (sha1_object_info(blob_sha1, NULL) == OBJ_BLOB)
-				return stream_blob_to_fd(1, blob_sha1, NULL, 0);
+			if (oid_object_info(the_repository, &blob_oid, NULL) == OBJ_BLOB)
+				return stream_blob_to_fd(1, &blob_oid, NULL, 0);
 			/*
 			 * we attempted to dereference a tag to a blob
 			 * and failed; there may be new dereference
@@ -93,7 +162,7 @@ static int cat_one_file(int opt, const char *exp_type, const char *obj_name)
 			 * fall-back to the usual case.
 			 */
 		}
-		buf = read_object_with_reference(sha1, exp_type, &size, NULL);
+		buf = read_object_with_reference(&oid, exp_type, &size, NULL);
 		break;
 
 	default:
@@ -104,16 +173,18 @@ static int cat_one_file(int opt, const char *exp_type, const char *obj_name)
 		die("git cat-file %s: bad file", obj_name);
 
 	write_or_die(1, buf, size);
+	free(buf);
+	free(obj_context.path);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 struct expand_data {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	enum object_type type;
 	unsigned long size;
-	unsigned long disk_size;
+	off_t disk_size;
 	const char *rest;
-	unsigned char delta_base_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id delta_base_oid;
 
 	/*
 	 * If mark_query is true, we do not expand anything, but rather
@@ -134,6 +205,13 @@ struct expand_data {
 	 * elements above, so you can retrieve the response from there.
 	 */
 	struct object_info info;
+
+	/*
+	 * This flag will be true if the requested batch format and options
+	 * don't require us to call sha1_object_info, which can then be
+	 * optimized out.
+	 */
+	unsigned skip_object_info : 1;
 };
 
 static int is_atom(const char *atom, const char *s, int slen)
@@ -149,12 +227,12 @@ static void expand_atom(struct strbuf *sb, const char *atom, int len,
 
 	if (is_atom("objectname", atom, len)) {
 		if (!data->mark_query)
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, sha1_to_hex(data->sha1));
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, oid_to_hex(&data->oid));
 	} else if (is_atom("objecttype", atom, len)) {
 		if (data->mark_query)
 			data->info.typep = &data->type;
 		else
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, typename(data->type));
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, type_name(data->type));
 	} else if (is_atom("objectsize", atom, len)) {
 		if (data->mark_query)
 			data->info.sizep = &data->size;
@@ -164,7 +242,7 @@ static void expand_atom(struct strbuf *sb, const char *atom, int len,
 		if (data->mark_query)
 			data->info.disk_sizep = &data->disk_size;
 		else
-			strbuf_addf(sb, "%lu", data->disk_size);
+			strbuf_addf(sb, "%"PRIuMAX, (uintmax_t)data->disk_size);
 	} else if (is_atom("rest", atom, len)) {
 		if (data->mark_query)
 			data->split_on_whitespace = 1;
@@ -172,9 +250,10 @@ static void expand_atom(struct strbuf *sb, const char *atom, int len,
 			strbuf_addstr(sb, data->rest);
 	} else if (is_atom("deltabase", atom, len)) {
 		if (data->mark_query)
-			data->info.delta_base_sha1 = data->delta_base_sha1;
+			data->info.delta_base_sha1 = data->delta_base_oid.hash;
 		else
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, sha1_to_hex(data->delta_base_sha1));
+			strbuf_addstr(sb,
+				      oid_to_hex(&data->delta_base_oid));
 	} else
 		die("unknown format element: %.*s", len, atom);
 }
@@ -194,75 +273,204 @@ static size_t expand_format(struct strbuf *sb, const char *start, void *data)
 	return end - start + 1;
 }
 
-static void print_object_or_die(int fd, struct expand_data *data)
+static void batch_write(struct batch_options *opt, const void *data, int len)
 {
-	const unsigned char *sha1 = data->sha1;
+	if (opt->buffer_output) {
+		if (fwrite(data, 1, len, stdout) != len)
+			die_errno("unable to write to stdout");
+	} else
+		write_or_die(1, data, len);
+}
+
+static void print_object_or_die(struct batch_options *opt, struct expand_data *data)
+{
+	const struct object_id *oid = &data->oid;
 
 	assert(data->info.typep);
 
 	if (data->type == OBJ_BLOB) {
-		if (stream_blob_to_fd(fd, sha1, NULL, 0) < 0)
-			die("unable to stream %s to stdout", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		if (opt->buffer_output)
+			fflush(stdout);
+		if (opt->cmdmode) {
+			char *contents;
+			unsigned long size;
+
+			if (!data->rest)
+				die("missing path for '%s'", oid_to_hex(oid));
+
+			if (opt->cmdmode == 'w') {
+				if (filter_object(data->rest, 0100644, oid,
+						  &contents, &size))
+					die("could not convert '%s' %s",
+					    oid_to_hex(oid), data->rest);
+			} else if (opt->cmdmode == 'c') {
+				enum object_type type;
+				if (!textconv_object(data->rest, 0100644, oid,
+						     1, &contents, &size))
+					contents = read_object_file(oid,
+								    &type,
+								    &size);
+				if (!contents)
+					die("could not convert '%s' %s",
+					    oid_to_hex(oid), data->rest);
+			} else
+				BUG("invalid cmdmode: %c", opt->cmdmode);
+			batch_write(opt, contents, size);
+			free(contents);
+		} else if (stream_blob_to_fd(1, oid, NULL, 0) < 0)
+			die("unable to stream %s to stdout", oid_to_hex(oid));
 	}
 	else {
 		enum object_type type;
 		unsigned long size;
 		void *contents;
 
-		contents = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+		contents = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
 		if (!contents)
-			die("object %s disappeared", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die("object %s disappeared", oid_to_hex(oid));
 		if (type != data->type)
-			die("object %s changed type!?", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die("object %s changed type!?", oid_to_hex(oid));
 		if (data->info.sizep && size != data->size)
-			die("object %s changed size!?", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die("object %s changed size!?", oid_to_hex(oid));
 
-		write_or_die(fd, contents, size);
+		batch_write(opt, contents, size);
 		free(contents);
 	}
 }
 
-struct batch_options {
-	int enabled;
-	int print_contents;
-	const char *format;
-};
-
-static int batch_one_object(const char *obj_name, struct batch_options *opt,
-			    struct expand_data *data)
+static void batch_object_write(const char *obj_name,
+			       struct strbuf *scratch,
+			       struct batch_options *opt,
+			       struct expand_data *data)
 {
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	if (!data->skip_object_info &&
+	    oid_object_info_extended(the_repository, &data->oid, &data->info,
+				     OBJECT_INFO_LOOKUP_REPLACE) < 0) {
+		printf("%s missing\n",
+		       obj_name ? obj_name : oid_to_hex(&data->oid));
+		fflush(stdout);
+		return;
+	}
 
-	if (!obj_name)
-	   return 1;
+	strbuf_reset(scratch);
+	strbuf_expand(scratch, opt->format, expand_format, data);
+	strbuf_addch(scratch, '\n');
+	batch_write(opt, scratch->buf, scratch->len);
 
-	if (get_sha1(obj_name, data->sha1)) {
-		printf("%s missing\n", obj_name);
+	if (opt->print_contents) {
+		print_object_or_die(opt, data);
+		batch_write(opt, "\n", 1);
+	}
+}
+
+static void batch_one_object(const char *obj_name,
+			     struct strbuf *scratch,
+			     struct batch_options *opt,
+			     struct expand_data *data)
+{
+	struct object_context ctx;
+	int flags = opt->follow_symlinks ? GET_OID_FOLLOW_SYMLINKS : 0;
+	enum follow_symlinks_result result;
+
+	result = get_oid_with_context(obj_name, flags, &data->oid, &ctx);
+	if (result != FOUND) {
+		switch (result) {
+		case MISSING_OBJECT:
+			printf("%s missing\n", obj_name);
+			break;
+		case DANGLING_SYMLINK:
+			printf("dangling %"PRIuMAX"\n%s\n",
+			       (uintmax_t)strlen(obj_name), obj_name);
+			break;
+		case SYMLINK_LOOP:
+			printf("loop %"PRIuMAX"\n%s\n",
+			       (uintmax_t)strlen(obj_name), obj_name);
+			break;
+		case NOT_DIR:
+			printf("notdir %"PRIuMAX"\n%s\n",
+			       (uintmax_t)strlen(obj_name), obj_name);
+			break;
+		default:
+			BUG("unknown get_sha1_with_context result %d\n",
+			       result);
+			break;
+		}
 		fflush(stdout);
-		return 0;
+		return;
 	}
 
-	if (sha1_object_info_extended(data->sha1, &data->info, LOOKUP_REPLACE_OBJECT) < 0) {
-		printf("%s missing\n", obj_name);
+	if (ctx.mode == 0) {
+		printf("symlink %"PRIuMAX"\n%s\n",
+		       (uintmax_t)ctx.symlink_path.len,
+		       ctx.symlink_path.buf);
 		fflush(stdout);
-		return 0;
+		return;
 	}
 
-	strbuf_expand(&buf, opt->format, expand_format, data);
-	strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
-	write_or_die(1, buf.buf, buf.len);
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	batch_object_write(obj_name, scratch, opt, data);
+}
 
-	if (opt->print_contents) {
-		print_object_or_die(1, data);
-		write_or_die(1, "\n", 1);
-	}
+struct object_cb_data {
+	struct batch_options *opt;
+	struct expand_data *expand;
+	struct oidset *seen;
+	struct strbuf *scratch;
+};
+
+static int batch_object_cb(const struct object_id *oid, void *vdata)
+{
+	struct object_cb_data *data = vdata;
+	oidcpy(&data->expand->oid, oid);
+	batch_object_write(NULL, data->scratch, data->opt, data->expand);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int collect_loose_object(const struct object_id *oid,
+				const char *path,
+				void *data)
+{
+	oid_array_append(data, oid);
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int collect_packed_object(const struct object_id *oid,
+				 struct packed_git *pack,
+				 uint32_t pos,
+				 void *data)
+{
+	oid_array_append(data, oid);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int batch_unordered_object(const struct object_id *oid, void *vdata)
+{
+	struct object_cb_data *data = vdata;
+
+	if (oidset_insert(data->seen, oid))
+		return 0;
+
+	return batch_object_cb(oid, data);
+}
+
+static int batch_unordered_loose(const struct object_id *oid,
+				 const char *path,
+				 void *data)
+{
+	return batch_unordered_object(oid, data);
+}
+
+static int batch_unordered_packed(const struct object_id *oid,
+				  struct packed_git *pack,
+				  uint32_t pos,
+				  void *data)
+{
+	return batch_unordered_object(oid, data);
+}
+
 static int batch_objects(struct batch_options *opt)
 {
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf input = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf output = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct expand_data data;
 	int save_warning;
 	int retval = 0;
@@ -277,8 +485,17 @@ static int batch_objects(struct batch_options *opt)
 	 */
 	memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
 	data.mark_query = 1;
-	strbuf_expand(&buf, opt->format, expand_format, &data);
+	strbuf_expand(&output, opt->format, expand_format, &data);
 	data.mark_query = 0;
+	strbuf_release(&output);
+	if (opt->cmdmode)
+		data.split_on_whitespace = 1;
+
+	if (opt->all_objects) {
+		struct object_info empty = OBJECT_INFO_INIT;
+		if (!memcmp(&data.info, &empty, sizeof(empty)))
+			data.skip_object_info = 1;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * If we are printing out the object, then always fill in the type,
@@ -287,6 +504,41 @@ static int batch_objects(struct batch_options *opt)
 	if (opt->print_contents)
 		data.info.typep = &data.type;
 
+	if (opt->all_objects) {
+		struct object_cb_data cb;
+
+		if (repository_format_partial_clone)
+			warning("This repository has extensions.partialClone set. Some objects may not be loaded.");
+
+		cb.opt = opt;
+		cb.expand = &data;
+		cb.scratch = &output;
+
+		if (opt->unordered) {
+			struct oidset seen = OIDSET_INIT;
+
+			cb.seen = &seen;
+
+			for_each_loose_object(batch_unordered_loose, &cb, 0);
+			for_each_packed_object(batch_unordered_packed, &cb,
+					       FOR_EACH_OBJECT_PACK_ORDER);
+
+			oidset_clear(&seen);
+		} else {
+			struct oid_array sa = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
+
+			for_each_loose_object(collect_loose_object, &sa, 0);
+			for_each_packed_object(collect_packed_object, &sa, 0);
+
+			oid_array_for_each_unique(&sa, batch_object_cb, &cb);
+
+			oid_array_clear(&sa);
+		}
+
+		strbuf_release(&output);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * We are going to call get_sha1 on a potentially very large number of
 	 * objects. In most large cases, these will be actual object sha1s. The
@@ -297,14 +549,14 @@ static int batch_objects(struct batch_options *opt)
 	save_warning = warn_on_object_refname_ambiguity;
 	warn_on_object_refname_ambiguity = 0;
 
-	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
+	while (strbuf_getline(&input, stdin) != EOF) {
 		if (data.split_on_whitespace) {
 			/*
 			 * Split at first whitespace, tying off the beginning
 			 * of the string and saving the remainder (or NULL) in
 			 * data.rest.
 			 */
-			char *p = strpbrk(buf.buf, " \t");
+			char *p = strpbrk(input.buf, " \t");
 			if (p) {
 				while (*p && strchr(" \t", *p))
 					*p++ = '\0';
@@ -312,19 +564,18 @@ static int batch_objects(struct batch_options *opt)
 			data.rest = p;
 		}
 
-		retval = batch_one_object(buf.buf, opt, &data);
-		if (retval)
-			break;
+		batch_one_object(input.buf, &output, opt, &data);
 	}
 
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&input);
+	strbuf_release(&output);
 	warn_on_object_refname_ambiguity = save_warning;
 	return retval;
 }
 
 static const char * const cat_file_usage[] = {
-	N_("git cat-file (-t | -s | -e | -p | <type> | --textconv) <object>"),
-	N_("git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) < <list-of-objects>"),
+	N_("git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -p | <type> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<path>] <object>"),
+	N_("git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --filters]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -342,9 +593,8 @@ static int batch_option_callback(const struct option *opt,
 {
 	struct batch_options *bo = opt->value;
 
-	if (unset) {
-		memset(bo, 0, sizeof(*bo));
-		return 0;
+	if (bo->enabled) {
+		return 1;
 	}
 
 	bo->enabled = 1;
@@ -359,34 +609,48 @@ int cmd_cat_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int opt = 0;
 	const char *exp_type = NULL, *obj_name = NULL;
 	struct batch_options batch = {0};
+	int unknown_type = 0;
 
 	const struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_GROUP(N_("<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag")),
-		OPT_SET_INT('t', NULL, &opt, N_("show object type"), 't'),
-		OPT_SET_INT('s', NULL, &opt, N_("show object size"), 's'),
-		OPT_SET_INT('e', NULL, &opt,
+		OPT_CMDMODE('t', NULL, &opt, N_("show object type"), 't'),
+		OPT_CMDMODE('s', NULL, &opt, N_("show object size"), 's'),
+		OPT_CMDMODE('e', NULL, &opt,
 			    N_("exit with zero when there's no error"), 'e'),
-		OPT_SET_INT('p', NULL, &opt, N_("pretty-print object's content"), 'p'),
-		OPT_SET_INT(0, "textconv", &opt,
+		OPT_CMDMODE('p', NULL, &opt, N_("pretty-print object's content"), 'p'),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "textconv", &opt,
 			    N_("for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"), 'c'),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "filters", &opt,
+			    N_("for blob objects, run filters on object's content"), 'w'),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "path", &force_path, N_("blob"),
+			   N_("use a specific path for --textconv/--filters")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "allow-unknown-type", &unknown_type,
+			  N_("allow -s and -t to work with broken/corrupt objects")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "buffer", &batch.buffer_output, N_("buffer --batch output")),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "batch", &batch, "format",
 			N_("show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"),
 			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, batch_option_callback },
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "batch-check", &batch, "format",
 			N_("show info about objects fed from the standard input"),
 			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, batch_option_callback },
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "follow-symlinks", &batch.follow_symlinks,
+			 N_("follow in-tree symlinks (used with --batch or --batch-check)")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "batch-all-objects", &batch.all_objects,
+			 N_("show all objects with --batch or --batch-check")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "unordered", &batch.unordered,
+			 N_("do not order --batch-all-objects output")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
 	git_config(git_cat_file_config, NULL);
 
-	if (argc != 3 && argc != 2)
-		usage_with_options(cat_file_usage, options);
-
+	batch.buffer_output = -1;
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, cat_file_usage, 0);
 
 	if (opt) {
-		if (argc == 1)
+		if (batch.enabled && (opt == 'c' || opt == 'w'))
+			batch.cmdmode = opt;
+		else if (argc == 1)
 			obj_name = argv[0];
 		else
 			usage_with_options(cat_file_usage, options);
@@ -398,12 +662,35 @@ int cmd_cat_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		} else
 			usage_with_options(cat_file_usage, options);
 	}
-	if (batch.enabled && (opt || argc)) {
+	if (batch.enabled) {
+		if (batch.cmdmode != opt || argc)
+			usage_with_options(cat_file_usage, options);
+		if (batch.cmdmode && batch.all_objects)
+			die("--batch-all-objects cannot be combined with "
+			    "--textconv nor with --filters");
+	}
+
+	if ((batch.follow_symlinks || batch.all_objects) && !batch.enabled) {
 		usage_with_options(cat_file_usage, options);
 	}
 
+	if (force_path && opt != 'c' && opt != 'w') {
+		error("--path=<path> needs --textconv or --filters");
+		usage_with_options(cat_file_usage, options);
+	}
+
+	if (force_path && batch.enabled) {
+		error("--path=<path> incompatible with --batch");
+		usage_with_options(cat_file_usage, options);
+	}
+
+	if (batch.buffer_output < 0)
+		batch.buffer_output = batch.all_objects;
+
 	if (batch.enabled)
 		return batch_objects(&batch);
 
-	return cat_one_file(opt, exp_type, obj_name);
+	if (unknown_type && opt != 't' && opt != 's')
+		die("git cat-file --allow-unknown-type: use with -s or -t");
+	return cat_one_file(opt, exp_type, obj_name, unknown_type);
 }
diff --git a/builtin/check-attr.c b/builtin/check-attr.c
index 21d2bedcc9..c05573ff9c 100644
--- a/builtin/check-attr.c
+++ b/builtin/check-attr.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "attr.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
@@ -9,7 +10,7 @@ static int cached_attrs;
 static int stdin_paths;
 static const char * const check_attr_usage[] = {
 N_("git check-attr [-a | --all | <attr>...] [--] <pathname>..."),
-N_("git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...] < <list-of-paths>"),
+N_("git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...]"),
 NULL
 };
 
@@ -24,12 +25,13 @@ static const struct option check_attr_options[] = {
 	OPT_END()
 };
 
-static void output_attr(int cnt, struct git_attr_check *check,
-	const char *file)
+static void output_attr(struct attr_check *check, const char *file)
 {
 	int j;
+	int cnt = check->nr;
+
 	for (j = 0; j < cnt; j++) {
-		const char *value = check[j].value;
+		const char *value = check->items[j].value;
 
 		if (ATTR_TRUE(value))
 			value = "set";
@@ -42,53 +44,56 @@ static void output_attr(int cnt, struct git_attr_check *check,
 			printf("%s%c" /* path */
 			       "%s%c" /* attrname */
 			       "%s%c" /* attrvalue */,
-			       file, 0, git_attr_name(check[j].attr), 0, value, 0);
+			       file, 0,
+			       git_attr_name(check->items[j].attr), 0, value, 0);
 		} else {
 			quote_c_style(file, NULL, stdout, 0);
-			printf(": %s: %s\n", git_attr_name(check[j].attr), value);
+			printf(": %s: %s\n",
+			       git_attr_name(check->items[j].attr), value);
 		}
-
 	}
 }
 
-static void check_attr(const char *prefix, int cnt,
-	struct git_attr_check *check, const char *file)
+static void check_attr(const char *prefix,
+		       struct attr_check *check,
+		       int collect_all,
+		       const char *file)
 {
 	char *full_path =
 		prefix_path(prefix, prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0, file);
-	if (check != NULL) {
-		if (git_check_attr(full_path, cnt, check))
-			die("git_check_attr died");
-		output_attr(cnt, check, file);
+
+	if (collect_all) {
+		git_all_attrs(&the_index, full_path, check);
 	} else {
-		if (git_all_attrs(full_path, &cnt, &check))
-			die("git_all_attrs died");
-		output_attr(cnt, check, file);
-		free(check);
+		if (git_check_attr(&the_index, full_path, check))
+			die("git_check_attr died");
 	}
+	output_attr(check, file);
+
 	free(full_path);
 }
 
-static void check_attr_stdin_paths(const char *prefix, int cnt,
-	struct git_attr_check *check)
+static void check_attr_stdin_paths(const char *prefix,
+				   struct attr_check *check,
+				   int collect_all)
 {
-	struct strbuf buf, nbuf;
-	int line_termination = nul_term_line ? 0 : '\n';
-
-	strbuf_init(&buf, 0);
-	strbuf_init(&nbuf, 0);
-	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, line_termination) != EOF) {
-		if (line_termination && buf.buf[0] == '"') {
-			strbuf_reset(&nbuf);
-			if (unquote_c_style(&nbuf, buf.buf, NULL))
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf unquoted = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_getline_fn getline_fn;
+
+	getline_fn = nul_term_line ? strbuf_getline_nul : strbuf_getline_lf;
+	while (getline_fn(&buf, stdin) != EOF) {
+		if (!nul_term_line && buf.buf[0] == '"') {
+			strbuf_reset(&unquoted);
+			if (unquote_c_style(&unquoted, buf.buf, NULL))
 				die("line is badly quoted");
-			strbuf_swap(&buf, &nbuf);
+			strbuf_swap(&buf, &unquoted);
 		}
-		check_attr(prefix, cnt, check, buf.buf);
+		check_attr(prefix, check, collect_all, buf.buf);
 		maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "attribute to stdout");
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	strbuf_release(&nbuf);
+	strbuf_release(&unquoted);
 }
 
 static NORETURN void error_with_usage(const char *msg)
@@ -99,7 +104,7 @@ static NORETURN void error_with_usage(const char *msg)
 
 int cmd_check_attr(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	struct git_attr_check *check;
+	struct attr_check *check;
 	int cnt, i, doubledash, filei;
 
 	if (!is_bare_repository())
@@ -115,7 +120,7 @@ int cmd_check_attr(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (cached_attrs)
-		git_attr_set_direction(GIT_ATTR_INDEX, NULL);
+		git_attr_set_direction(GIT_ATTR_INDEX);
 
 	doubledash = -1;
 	for (i = 0; doubledash < 0 && i < argc; i++) {
@@ -159,28 +164,26 @@ int cmd_check_attr(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			error_with_usage("No file specified");
 	}
 
-	if (all_attrs) {
-		check = NULL;
-	} else {
-		check = xcalloc(cnt, sizeof(*check));
+	check = attr_check_alloc();
+	if (!all_attrs) {
 		for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
-			const char *name;
-			struct git_attr *a;
-			name = argv[i];
-			a = git_attr(name);
+			const struct git_attr *a = git_attr(argv[i]);
+
 			if (!a)
 				return error("%s: not a valid attribute name",
-					name);
-			check[i].attr = a;
+					     argv[i]);
+			attr_check_append(check, a);
 		}
 	}
 
 	if (stdin_paths)
-		check_attr_stdin_paths(prefix, cnt, check);
+		check_attr_stdin_paths(prefix, check, all_attrs);
 	else {
 		for (i = filei; i < argc; i++)
-			check_attr(prefix, cnt, check, argv[i]);
+			check_attr(prefix, check, all_attrs, argv[i]);
 		maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "attribute to stdout");
 	}
+
+	attr_check_free(check);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/check-ignore.c b/builtin/check-ignore.c
index dc8d97c56c..ec9a959e08 100644
--- a/builtin/check-ignore.c
+++ b/builtin/check-ignore.c
@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "pathspec.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
 
 static int quiet, verbose, stdin_paths, show_non_matching, no_index;
 static const char * const check_ignore_usage[] = {
 "git check-ignore [<options>] <pathname>...",
-"git check-ignore [<options>] --stdin < <list-of-paths>",
+"git check-ignore [<options>] --stdin",
 NULL
 };
 
@@ -70,7 +72,7 @@ static int check_ignore(struct dir_struct *dir,
 {
 	const char *full_path;
 	char *seen;
-	int num_ignored = 0, dtype = DT_UNKNOWN, i;
+	int num_ignored = 0, i;
 	struct exclude *exclude;
 	struct pathspec pathspec;
 
@@ -87,21 +89,24 @@ static int check_ignore(struct dir_struct *dir,
 	parse_pathspec(&pathspec,
 		       PATHSPEC_ALL_MAGIC & ~PATHSPEC_FROMTOP,
 		       PATHSPEC_SYMLINK_LEADING_PATH |
-		       PATHSPEC_STRIP_SUBMODULE_SLASH_EXPENSIVE |
 		       PATHSPEC_KEEP_ORDER,
 		       prefix, argv);
 
+	die_path_inside_submodule(&the_index, &pathspec);
+
 	/*
 	 * look for pathspecs matching entries in the index, since these
 	 * should not be ignored, in order to be consistent with
 	 * 'git status', 'git add' etc.
 	 */
-	seen = find_pathspecs_matching_against_index(&pathspec);
+	seen = find_pathspecs_matching_against_index(&pathspec, &the_index);
 	for (i = 0; i < pathspec.nr; i++) {
 		full_path = pathspec.items[i].match;
 		exclude = NULL;
 		if (!seen[i]) {
-			exclude = last_exclude_matching(dir, full_path, &dtype);
+			int dtype = DT_UNKNOWN;
+			exclude = last_exclude_matching(dir, &the_index,
+							full_path, &dtype);
 		}
 		if (!quiet && (exclude || show_non_matching))
 			output_exclude(pathspec.items[i].original, exclude);
@@ -115,19 +120,19 @@ static int check_ignore(struct dir_struct *dir,
 
 static int check_ignore_stdin_paths(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *prefix)
 {
-	struct strbuf buf, nbuf;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf unquoted = STRBUF_INIT;
 	char *pathspec[2] = { NULL, NULL };
-	int line_termination = nul_term_line ? 0 : '\n';
+	strbuf_getline_fn getline_fn;
 	int num_ignored = 0;
 
-	strbuf_init(&buf, 0);
-	strbuf_init(&nbuf, 0);
-	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, line_termination) != EOF) {
-		if (line_termination && buf.buf[0] == '"') {
-			strbuf_reset(&nbuf);
-			if (unquote_c_style(&nbuf, buf.buf, NULL))
+	getline_fn = nul_term_line ? strbuf_getline_nul : strbuf_getline_lf;
+	while (getline_fn(&buf, stdin) != EOF) {
+		if (!nul_term_line && buf.buf[0] == '"') {
+			strbuf_reset(&unquoted);
+			if (unquote_c_style(&unquoted, buf.buf, NULL))
 				die("line is badly quoted");
-			strbuf_swap(&buf, &nbuf);
+			strbuf_swap(&buf, &unquoted);
 		}
 		pathspec[0] = buf.buf;
 		num_ignored += check_ignore(dir, prefix,
@@ -135,7 +140,7 @@ static int check_ignore_stdin_paths(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *prefix)
 		maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "check-ignore to stdout");
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	strbuf_release(&nbuf);
+	strbuf_release(&unquoted);
 	return num_ignored;
 }
 
diff --git a/builtin/check-mailmap.c b/builtin/check-mailmap.c
index eaaea546d3..cdce144f3b 100644
--- a/builtin/check-mailmap.c
+++ b/builtin/check-mailmap.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "mailmap.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ int cmd_check_mailmap(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (use_stdin) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-		while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
+		while (strbuf_getline_lf(&buf, stdin) != EOF) {
 			check_mailmap(&mailmap, buf.buf);
 			maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "stdout");
 		}
diff --git a/builtin/check-ref-format.c b/builtin/check-ref-format.c
index fd915d5984..bc67d3f0a8 100644
--- a/builtin/check-ref-format.c
+++ b/builtin/check-ref-format.c
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ static const char builtin_check_ref_format_usage[] =
  */
 static char *collapse_slashes(const char *refname)
 {
-	char *ret = xmalloc(strlen(refname) + 1);
+	char *ret = xmallocz(strlen(refname));
 	char ch;
 	char prev = '/';
 	char *cp = ret;
@@ -39,12 +39,15 @@ static char *collapse_slashes(const char *refname)
 static int check_ref_format_branch(const char *arg)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *name;
 	int nongit;
 
 	setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
-	if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&sb, arg))
+	if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&sb, arg) ||
+	    !skip_prefix(sb.buf, "refs/heads/", &name))
 		die("'%s' is not a valid branch name", arg);
-	printf("%s\n", sb.buf + 11);
+	printf("%s\n", name);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/builtin/checkout-index.c b/builtin/checkout-index.c
index 9ca2da1583..88b86c8d9f 100644
--- a/builtin/checkout-index.c
+++ b/builtin/checkout-index.c
@@ -5,18 +5,19 @@
  *
  */
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 #define CHECKOUT_ALL 4
-static int line_termination = '\n';
+static int nul_term_line;
 static int checkout_stage; /* default to checkout stage0 */
 static int to_tempfile;
 static char topath[4][TEMPORARY_FILENAME_LENGTH + 1];
 
-static struct checkout state;
+static struct checkout state = CHECKOUT_INIT;
 
 static void write_tempfile_record(const char *name, const char *prefix)
 {
@@ -35,7 +36,8 @@ static void write_tempfile_record(const char *name, const char *prefix)
 		fputs(topath[checkout_stage], stdout);
 
 	putchar('\t');
-	write_name_quoted_relative(name, prefix, stdout, line_termination);
+	write_name_quoted_relative(name, prefix, stdout,
+				   nul_term_line ? '\0' : '\n');
 
 	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 		topath[i][0] = 0;
@@ -127,38 +129,6 @@ static const char * const builtin_checkout_index_usage[] = {
 	NULL
 };
 
-static struct lock_file lock_file;
-
-static int option_parse_u(const struct option *opt,
-			      const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	int *newfd = opt->value;
-
-	state.refresh_cache = 1;
-	state.istate = &the_index;
-	if (*newfd < 0)
-		*newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int option_parse_z(const struct option *opt,
-			  const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	if (unset)
-		line_termination = '\n';
-	else
-		line_termination = 0;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int option_parse_prefix(const struct option *opt,
-			       const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	state.base_dir = arg;
-	state.base_dir_len = strlen(arg);
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static int option_parse_stage(const struct option *opt,
 			      const char *arg, int unset)
 {
@@ -170,7 +140,7 @@ static int option_parse_stage(const struct option *opt,
 		if ('1' <= ch && ch <= '3')
 			checkout_stage = arg[0] - '0';
 		else
-			die("stage should be between 1 and 3 or all");
+			die(_("stage should be between 1 and 3 or all"));
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -178,35 +148,33 @@ static int option_parse_stage(const struct option *opt,
 int cmd_checkout_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i;
-	int newfd = -1;
+	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
 	int all = 0;
 	int read_from_stdin = 0;
 	int prefix_length;
 	int force = 0, quiet = 0, not_new = 0;
+	int index_opt = 0;
 	struct option builtin_checkout_index_options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOL('a', "all", &all,
 			N_("check out all files in the index")),
-		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("force overwrite of existing files")),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("force overwrite of existing files"), 0),
 		OPT__QUIET(&quiet,
 			N_("no warning for existing files and files not in index")),
 		OPT_BOOL('n', "no-create", &not_new,
 			N_("don't checkout new files")),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'u', "index", &newfd, NULL,
-			N_("update stat information in the index file"),
-			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_u },
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'z', NULL, NULL, NULL,
-			N_("paths are separated with NUL character"),
-			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_z },
+		OPT_BOOL('u', "index", &index_opt,
+			 N_("update stat information in the index file")),
+		OPT_BOOL('z', NULL, &nul_term_line,
+			N_("paths are separated with NUL character")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "stdin", &read_from_stdin,
 			N_("read list of paths from the standard input")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "temp", &to_tempfile,
 			N_("write the content to temporary files")),
-		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "prefix", NULL, N_("string"),
-			N_("when creating files, prepend <string>"),
-			option_parse_prefix),
-		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "stage", NULL, NULL,
+		OPT_STRING(0, "prefix", &state.base_dir, N_("string"),
+			N_("when creating files, prepend <string>")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "stage", NULL, "(1|2|3|all)",
 			N_("copy out the files from named stage"),
-			option_parse_stage),
+			PARSE_OPT_NONEG, option_parse_stage },
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -214,7 +182,6 @@ int cmd_checkout_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_checkout_index_usage,
 				   builtin_checkout_index_options);
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
-	state.base_dir = "";
 	prefix_length = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
 
 	if (read_cache() < 0) {
@@ -223,25 +190,28 @@ int cmd_checkout_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_checkout_index_options,
 			builtin_checkout_index_usage, 0);
+	state.istate = &the_index;
 	state.force = force;
 	state.quiet = quiet;
 	state.not_new = not_new;
 
-	if (state.base_dir_len || to_tempfile) {
-		/* when --prefix is specified we do not
-		 * want to update cache.
-		 */
-		if (state.refresh_cache) {
-			rollback_lock_file(&lock_file);
-			newfd = -1;
-		}
-		state.refresh_cache = 0;
+	if (!state.base_dir)
+		state.base_dir = "";
+	state.base_dir_len = strlen(state.base_dir);
+
+	/*
+	 * when --prefix is specified we do not want to update cache.
+	 */
+	if (index_opt && !state.base_dir_len && !to_tempfile) {
+		state.refresh_cache = 1;
+		state.istate = &the_index;
+		hold_locked_index(&lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 	}
 
 	/* Check out named files first */
 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		const char *p;
+		char *p;
 
 		if (all)
 			die("git checkout-index: don't mix '--all' and explicit filenames");
@@ -249,37 +219,38 @@ int cmd_checkout_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			die("git checkout-index: don't mix '--stdin' and explicit filenames");
 		p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, arg);
 		checkout_file(p, prefix);
-		if (p < arg || p > arg + strlen(arg))
-			free((char *)p);
+		free(p);
 	}
 
 	if (read_from_stdin) {
-		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf unquoted = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_getline_fn getline_fn;
 
 		if (all)
 			die("git checkout-index: don't mix '--all' and '--stdin'");
 
-		while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, line_termination) != EOF) {
-			const char *p;
-			if (line_termination && buf.buf[0] == '"') {
-				strbuf_reset(&nbuf);
-				if (unquote_c_style(&nbuf, buf.buf, NULL))
+		getline_fn = nul_term_line ? strbuf_getline_nul : strbuf_getline_lf;
+		while (getline_fn(&buf, stdin) != EOF) {
+			char *p;
+			if (!nul_term_line && buf.buf[0] == '"') {
+				strbuf_reset(&unquoted);
+				if (unquote_c_style(&unquoted, buf.buf, NULL))
 					die("line is badly quoted");
-				strbuf_swap(&buf, &nbuf);
+				strbuf_swap(&buf, &unquoted);
 			}
 			p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, buf.buf);
 			checkout_file(p, prefix);
-			if (p < buf.buf || p > buf.buf + buf.len)
-				free((char *)p);
+			free(p);
 		}
-		strbuf_release(&nbuf);
+		strbuf_release(&unquoted);
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	}
 
 	if (all)
 		checkout_all(prefix, prefix_length);
 
-	if (0 <= newfd &&
+	if (is_lock_file_locked(&lock_file) &&
 	    write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
 		die("Unable to write new index file");
 	return 0;
diff --git a/builtin/checkout.c b/builtin/checkout.c
index 3e141fc149..29ef50013d 100644
--- a/builtin/checkout.c
+++ b/builtin/checkout.c
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "checkout.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
@@ -18,8 +21,9 @@
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 #include "ll-merge.h"
 #include "resolve-undo.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
-#include "argv-array.h"
+#include "advice.h"
 
 static const char * const checkout_usage[] = {
 	N_("git checkout [<options>] <branch>"),
@@ -36,6 +40,8 @@ struct checkout_opts {
 	int writeout_stage;
 	int overwrite_ignore;
 	int ignore_skipworktree;
+	int ignore_other_worktrees;
+	int show_progress;
 
 	const char *new_branch;
 	const char *new_branch_force;
@@ -50,19 +56,19 @@ struct checkout_opts {
 	struct tree *source_tree;
 };
 
-static int post_checkout_hook(struct commit *old, struct commit *new,
+static int post_checkout_hook(struct commit *old_commit, struct commit *new_commit,
 			      int changed)
 {
 	return run_hook_le(NULL, "post-checkout",
-			   sha1_to_hex(old ? old->object.sha1 : null_sha1),
-			   sha1_to_hex(new ? new->object.sha1 : null_sha1),
+			   oid_to_hex(old_commit ? &old_commit->object.oid : &null_oid),
+			   oid_to_hex(new_commit ? &new_commit->object.oid : &null_oid),
 			   changed ? "1" : "0", NULL);
-	/* "new" can be NULL when checking out from the index before
+	/* "new_commit" can be NULL when checking out from the index before
 	   a commit exists. */
 
 }
 
-static int update_some(const unsigned char *sha1, struct strbuf *base,
+static int update_some(const struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *base,
 		const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage, void *context)
 {
 	int len;
@@ -73,8 +79,8 @@ static int update_some(const unsigned char *sha1, struct strbuf *base,
 		return READ_TREE_RECURSIVE;
 
 	len = base->len + strlen(pathname);
-	ce = xcalloc(1, cache_entry_size(len));
-	hashcpy(ce->sha1, sha1);
+	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(&the_index, len);
+	oidcpy(&ce->oid, oid);
 	memcpy(ce->name, base->buf, base->len);
 	memcpy(ce->name + base->len, pathname, len - base->len);
 	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(0) | CE_UPDATE;
@@ -90,9 +96,9 @@ static int update_some(const unsigned char *sha1, struct strbuf *base,
 	if (pos >= 0) {
 		struct cache_entry *old = active_cache[pos];
 		if (ce->ce_mode == old->ce_mode &&
-		    !hashcmp(ce->sha1, old->sha1)) {
+		    !oidcmp(&ce->oid, &old->oid)) {
 			old->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE;
-			free(ce);
+			discard_cache_entry(ce);
 			return 0;
 		}
 	}
@@ -152,8 +158,8 @@ static int check_stages(unsigned stages, const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int checkout_stage(int stage, struct cache_entry *ce, int pos,
-			  struct checkout *state)
+static int checkout_stage(int stage, const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos,
+			  const struct checkout *state)
 {
 	while (pos < active_nr &&
 	       !strcmp(active_cache[pos]->name, ce->name)) {
@@ -167,15 +173,15 @@ static int checkout_stage(int stage, struct cache_entry *ce, int pos,
 		return error(_("path '%s' does not have their version"), ce->name);
 }
 
-static int checkout_merged(int pos, struct checkout *state)
+static int checkout_merged(int pos, const struct checkout *state)
 {
 	struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
 	const char *path = ce->name;
 	mmfile_t ancestor, ours, theirs;
 	int status;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	mmbuffer_t result_buf;
-	unsigned char threeway[3][20];
+	struct object_id threeway[3];
 	unsigned mode = 0;
 
 	memset(threeway, 0, sizeof(threeway));
@@ -184,18 +190,18 @@ static int checkout_merged(int pos, struct checkout *state)
 		stage = ce_stage(ce);
 		if (!stage || strcmp(path, ce->name))
 			break;
-		hashcpy(threeway[stage - 1], ce->sha1);
+		oidcpy(&threeway[stage - 1], &ce->oid);
 		if (stage == 2)
 			mode = create_ce_mode(ce->ce_mode);
 		pos++;
 		ce = active_cache[pos];
 	}
-	if (is_null_sha1(threeway[1]) || is_null_sha1(threeway[2]))
+	if (is_null_oid(&threeway[1]) || is_null_oid(&threeway[2]))
 		return error(_("path '%s' does not have necessary versions"), path);
 
-	read_mmblob(&ancestor, threeway[0]);
-	read_mmblob(&ours, threeway[1]);
-	read_mmblob(&theirs, threeway[2]);
+	read_mmblob(&ancestor, &threeway[0]);
+	read_mmblob(&ours, &threeway[1]);
+	read_mmblob(&theirs, &threeway[2]);
 
 	/*
 	 * NEEDSWORK: re-create conflicts from merges with
@@ -214,22 +220,23 @@ static int checkout_merged(int pos, struct checkout *state)
 	/*
 	 * NEEDSWORK:
 	 * There is absolutely no reason to write this as a blob object
-	 * and create a phony cache entry just to leak.  This hack is
-	 * primarily to get to the write_entry() machinery that massages
-	 * the contents to work-tree format and writes out which only
-	 * allows it for a cache entry.  The code in write_entry() needs
-	 * to be refactored to allow us to feed a <buffer, size, mode>
-	 * instead of a cache entry.  Such a refactoring would help
-	 * merge_recursive as well (it also writes the merge result to the
-	 * object database even when it may contain conflicts).
+	 * and create a phony cache entry.  This hack is primarily to get
+	 * to the write_entry() machinery that massages the contents to
+	 * work-tree format and writes out which only allows it for a
+	 * cache entry.  The code in write_entry() needs to be refactored
+	 * to allow us to feed a <buffer, size, mode> instead of a cache
+	 * entry.  Such a refactoring would help merge_recursive as well
+	 * (it also writes the merge result to the object database even
+	 * when it may contain conflicts).
 	 */
-	if (write_sha1_file(result_buf.ptr, result_buf.size,
-			    blob_type, sha1))
+	if (write_object_file(result_buf.ptr, result_buf.size, blob_type, &oid))
 		die(_("Unable to add merge result for '%s'"), path);
-	ce = make_cache_entry(mode, sha1, path, 2, 0);
+	free(result_buf.ptr);
+	ce = make_transient_cache_entry(mode, &oid, path, 2);
 	if (!ce)
 		die(_("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"), path);
 	status = checkout_entry(ce, state, NULL);
+	discard_cache_entry(ce);
 	return status;
 }
 
@@ -237,13 +244,12 @@ static int checkout_paths(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
 			  const char *revision)
 {
 	int pos;
-	struct checkout state;
+	struct checkout state = CHECKOUT_INIT;
 	static char *ps_matched;
-	unsigned char rev[20];
-	int flag;
+	struct object_id rev;
 	struct commit *head;
 	int errs = 0;
-	struct lock_file *lock_file;
+	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
 
 	if (opts->track != BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED)
 		die(_("'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"), "--track");
@@ -271,16 +277,14 @@ static int checkout_paths(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
 		return run_add_interactive(revision, "--patch=checkout",
 					   &opts->pathspec);
 
-	lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
-
-	hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
+	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 	if (read_cache_preload(&opts->pathspec) < 0)
-		return error(_("corrupt index file"));
+		return error(_("index file corrupt"));
 
 	if (opts->source_tree)
 		read_tree_some(opts->source_tree, &opts->pathspec);
 
-	ps_matched = xcalloc(1, opts->pathspec.nr);
+	ps_matched = xcalloc(opts->pathspec.nr, 1);
 
 	/*
 	 * Make sure all pathspecs participated in locating the paths
@@ -314,7 +318,7 @@ static int checkout_paths(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
 		 * match_pathspec() for _all_ entries when
 		 * opts->source_tree != NULL.
 		 */
-		if (ce_path_match(ce, &opts->pathspec, ps_matched))
+		if (ce_path_match(&the_index, ce, &opts->pathspec, ps_matched))
 			ce->ce_flags |= CE_MATCHED;
 	}
 
@@ -351,10 +355,11 @@ static int checkout_paths(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
 		return 1;
 
 	/* Now we are committed to check them out */
-	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
 	state.force = 1;
 	state.refresh_cache = 1;
 	state.istate = &the_index;
+
+	enable_delayed_checkout(&state);
 	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
 		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_MATCHED) {
@@ -369,12 +374,13 @@ static int checkout_paths(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
 			pos = skip_same_name(ce, pos) - 1;
 		}
 	}
+	errs |= finish_delayed_checkout(&state);
 
-	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
 		die(_("unable to write new index file"));
 
-	read_ref_full("HEAD", 0, rev, &flag);
-	head = lookup_commit_reference_gently(rev, 1);
+	read_ref_full("HEAD", 0, &rev, NULL);
+	head = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, &rev, 1);
 
 	errs |= post_checkout_hook(head, head, 0);
 	return errs;
@@ -396,10 +402,16 @@ static void show_local_changes(struct object *head,
 static void describe_detached_head(const char *msg, struct commit *commit)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
 	if (!parse_commit(commit))
 		pp_commit_easy(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit, &sb);
-	fprintf(stderr, "%s %s... %s\n", msg,
-		find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV), sb.buf);
+	if (print_sha1_ellipsis()) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s %s... %s\n", msg,
+			find_unique_abbrev(&commit->object.oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV), sb.buf);
+	} else {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s %s %s\n", msg,
+			find_unique_abbrev(&commit->object.oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV), sb.buf);
+	}
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
@@ -416,7 +428,7 @@ static int reset_tree(struct tree *tree, const struct checkout_opts *o,
 	opts.reset = 1;
 	opts.merge = 1;
 	opts.fn = oneway_merge;
-	opts.verbose_update = !o->quiet && isatty(2);
+	opts.verbose_update = o->show_progress;
 	opts.src_index = &the_index;
 	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
 	parse_tree(tree);
@@ -430,6 +442,7 @@ static int reset_tree(struct tree *tree, const struct checkout_opts *o,
 		 * update paths in the work tree, and we cannot revert
 		 * them.
 		 */
+		/* fallthrough */
 	case 0:
 		return 0;
 	default:
@@ -441,13 +454,18 @@ struct branch_info {
 	const char *name; /* The short name used */
 	const char *path; /* The full name of a real branch */
 	struct commit *commit; /* The named commit */
+	/*
+	 * if not null the branch is detached because it's already
+	 * checked out in this checkout
+	 */
+	char *checkout;
 };
 
 static void setup_branch_path(struct branch_info *branch)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	strbuf_branchname(&buf, branch->name);
+	strbuf_branchname(&buf, branch->name, INTERPRET_BRANCH_LOCAL);
 	if (strcmp(buf.buf, branch->name))
 		branch->name = xstrdup(buf.buf);
 	strbuf_splice(&buf, 0, 0, "refs/heads/", 11);
@@ -455,20 +473,21 @@ static void setup_branch_path(struct branch_info *branch)
 }
 
 static int merge_working_tree(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
-			      struct branch_info *old,
-			      struct branch_info *new,
+			      struct branch_info *old_branch_info,
+			      struct branch_info *new_branch_info,
 			      int *writeout_error)
 {
 	int ret;
-	struct lock_file *lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
 
-	hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
+	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 	if (read_cache_preload(NULL) < 0)
-		return error(_("corrupt index file"));
+		return error(_("index file corrupt"));
 
 	resolve_undo_clear();
 	if (opts->force) {
-		ret = reset_tree(new->commit->tree, opts, 1, writeout_error);
+		ret = reset_tree(get_commit_tree(new_branch_info->commit),
+				 opts, 1, writeout_error);
 		if (ret)
 			return ret;
 	} else {
@@ -494,22 +513,23 @@ static int merge_working_tree(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
 		topts.initial_checkout = is_cache_unborn();
 		topts.update = 1;
 		topts.merge = 1;
-		topts.gently = opts->merge && old->commit;
-		topts.verbose_update = !opts->quiet && isatty(2);
+		topts.gently = opts->merge && old_branch_info->commit;
+		topts.verbose_update = opts->show_progress;
 		topts.fn = twoway_merge;
 		if (opts->overwrite_ignore) {
 			topts.dir = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*topts.dir));
 			topts.dir->flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
 			setup_standard_excludes(topts.dir);
 		}
-		tree = parse_tree_indirect(old->commit ?
-					   old->commit->object.sha1 :
-					   EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
+		tree = parse_tree_indirect(old_branch_info->commit ?
+					   &old_branch_info->commit->object.oid :
+					   the_hash_algo->empty_tree);
 		init_tree_desc(&trees[0], tree->buffer, tree->size);
-		tree = parse_tree_indirect(new->commit->object.sha1);
+		tree = parse_tree_indirect(&new_branch_info->commit->object.oid);
 		init_tree_desc(&trees[1], tree->buffer, tree->size);
 
 		ret = unpack_trees(2, trees, &topts);
+		clear_unpack_trees_porcelain(&topts);
 		if (ret == -1) {
 			/*
 			 * Unpack couldn't do a trivial merge; either
@@ -523,10 +543,10 @@ static int merge_working_tree(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
 				return 1;
 
 			/*
-			 * Without old->commit, the below is the same as
+			 * Without old_branch_info->commit, the below is the same as
 			 * the two-tree unpack we already tried and failed.
 			 */
-			if (!old->commit)
+			if (!old_branch_info->commit)
 				return 1;
 
 			/* Do more real merge */
@@ -554,17 +574,25 @@ static int merge_working_tree(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
 			o.verbosity = 0;
 			work = write_tree_from_memory(&o);
 
-			ret = reset_tree(new->commit->tree, opts, 1,
+			ret = reset_tree(get_commit_tree(new_branch_info->commit),
+					 opts, 1,
 					 writeout_error);
 			if (ret)
 				return ret;
-			o.ancestor = old->name;
-			o.branch1 = new->name;
+			o.ancestor = old_branch_info->name;
+			o.branch1 = new_branch_info->name;
 			o.branch2 = "local";
-			merge_trees(&o, new->commit->tree, work,
-				old->commit->tree, &result);
-			ret = reset_tree(new->commit->tree, opts, 0,
+			ret = merge_trees(&o,
+					  get_commit_tree(new_branch_info->commit),
+					  work,
+					  get_commit_tree(old_branch_info->commit),
+					  &result);
+			if (ret < 0)
+				exit(128);
+			ret = reset_tree(get_commit_tree(new_branch_info->commit),
+					 opts, 0,
 					 writeout_error);
+			strbuf_release(&o.obuf);
 			if (ret)
 				return ret;
 		}
@@ -576,127 +604,132 @@ static int merge_working_tree(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
 	if (!cache_tree_fully_valid(active_cache_tree))
 		cache_tree_update(&the_index, WRITE_TREE_SILENT | WRITE_TREE_REPAIR);
 
-	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
 		die(_("unable to write new index file"));
 
 	if (!opts->force && !opts->quiet)
-		show_local_changes(&new->commit->object, &opts->diff_options);
+		show_local_changes(&new_branch_info->commit->object, &opts->diff_options);
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void report_tracking(struct branch_info *new)
+static void report_tracking(struct branch_info *new_branch_info)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct branch *branch = branch_get(new->name);
+	struct branch *branch = branch_get(new_branch_info->name);
 
-	if (!format_tracking_info(branch, &sb))
+	if (!format_tracking_info(branch, &sb, AHEAD_BEHIND_FULL))
 		return;
 	fputs(sb.buf, stdout);
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
 static void update_refs_for_switch(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
-				   struct branch_info *old,
-				   struct branch_info *new)
+				   struct branch_info *old_branch_info,
+				   struct branch_info *new_branch_info)
 {
 	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *old_desc, *reflog_msg;
 	if (opts->new_branch) {
 		if (opts->new_orphan_branch) {
-			if (opts->new_branch_log && !log_all_ref_updates) {
-				int temp;
-				char log_file[PATH_MAX];
-				char *ref_name = mkpath("refs/heads/%s", opts->new_orphan_branch);
-
-				temp = log_all_ref_updates;
-				log_all_ref_updates = 1;
-				if (log_ref_setup(ref_name, log_file, sizeof(log_file))) {
-					fprintf(stderr, _("Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"),
-					    opts->new_orphan_branch);
-					log_all_ref_updates = temp;
+			char *refname;
+
+			refname = mkpathdup("refs/heads/%s", opts->new_orphan_branch);
+			if (opts->new_branch_log &&
+			    !should_autocreate_reflog(refname)) {
+				int ret;
+				struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+				ret = safe_create_reflog(refname, 1, &err);
+				if (ret) {
+					fprintf(stderr, _("Can not do reflog for '%s': %s\n"),
+						opts->new_orphan_branch, err.buf);
+					strbuf_release(&err);
+					free(refname);
 					return;
 				}
-				log_all_ref_updates = temp;
+				strbuf_release(&err);
 			}
+			free(refname);
 		}
 		else
-			create_branch(old->name, opts->new_branch, new->name,
+			create_branch(opts->new_branch, new_branch_info->name,
 				      opts->new_branch_force ? 1 : 0,
-				      opts->new_branch_log,
 				      opts->new_branch_force ? 1 : 0,
+				      opts->new_branch_log,
 				      opts->quiet,
 				      opts->track);
-		new->name = opts->new_branch;
-		setup_branch_path(new);
+		new_branch_info->name = opts->new_branch;
+		setup_branch_path(new_branch_info);
 	}
 
-	old_desc = old->name;
-	if (!old_desc && old->commit)
-		old_desc = sha1_to_hex(old->commit->object.sha1);
+	old_desc = old_branch_info->name;
+	if (!old_desc && old_branch_info->commit)
+		old_desc = oid_to_hex(&old_branch_info->commit->object.oid);
 
 	reflog_msg = getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION");
 	if (!reflog_msg)
 		strbuf_addf(&msg, "checkout: moving from %s to %s",
-			old_desc ? old_desc : "(invalid)", new->name);
+			old_desc ? old_desc : "(invalid)", new_branch_info->name);
 	else
 		strbuf_insert(&msg, 0, reflog_msg, strlen(reflog_msg));
 
-	if (!strcmp(new->name, "HEAD") && !new->path && !opts->force_detach) {
+	if (!strcmp(new_branch_info->name, "HEAD") && !new_branch_info->path && !opts->force_detach) {
 		/* Nothing to do. */
-	} else if (opts->force_detach || !new->path) {	/* No longer on any branch. */
-		update_ref(msg.buf, "HEAD", new->commit->object.sha1, NULL,
-			   REF_NODEREF, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
+	} else if (opts->force_detach || !new_branch_info->path) {	/* No longer on any branch. */
+		update_ref(msg.buf, "HEAD", &new_branch_info->commit->object.oid, NULL,
+			   REF_NO_DEREF, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
 		if (!opts->quiet) {
-			if (old->path && advice_detached_head)
-				detach_advice(new->name);
-			describe_detached_head(_("HEAD is now at"), new->commit);
+			if (old_branch_info->path &&
+			    advice_detached_head && !opts->force_detach)
+				detach_advice(new_branch_info->name);
+			describe_detached_head(_("HEAD is now at"), new_branch_info->commit);
 		}
-	} else if (new->path) {	/* Switch branches. */
-		create_symref("HEAD", new->path, msg.buf);
+	} else if (new_branch_info->path) {	/* Switch branches. */
+		if (create_symref("HEAD", new_branch_info->path, msg.buf) < 0)
+			die(_("unable to update HEAD"));
 		if (!opts->quiet) {
-			if (old->path && !strcmp(new->path, old->path)) {
+			if (old_branch_info->path && !strcmp(new_branch_info->path, old_branch_info->path)) {
 				if (opts->new_branch_force)
 					fprintf(stderr, _("Reset branch '%s'\n"),
-						new->name);
+						new_branch_info->name);
 				else
 					fprintf(stderr, _("Already on '%s'\n"),
-						new->name);
+						new_branch_info->name);
 			} else if (opts->new_branch) {
 				if (opts->branch_exists)
-					fprintf(stderr, _("Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"), new->name);
+					fprintf(stderr, _("Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"), new_branch_info->name);
 				else
-					fprintf(stderr, _("Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"), new->name);
+					fprintf(stderr, _("Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"), new_branch_info->name);
 			} else {
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Switched to branch '%s'\n"),
-					new->name);
+					new_branch_info->name);
 			}
 		}
-		if (old->path && old->name) {
-			if (!ref_exists(old->path) && reflog_exists(old->path))
-				delete_reflog(old->path);
+		if (old_branch_info->path && old_branch_info->name) {
+			if (!ref_exists(old_branch_info->path) && reflog_exists(old_branch_info->path))
+				delete_reflog(old_branch_info->path);
 		}
 	}
 	remove_branch_state();
 	strbuf_release(&msg);
 	if (!opts->quiet &&
-	    (new->path || (!opts->force_detach && !strcmp(new->name, "HEAD"))))
-		report_tracking(new);
+	    (new_branch_info->path || (!opts->force_detach && !strcmp(new_branch_info->name, "HEAD"))))
+		report_tracking(new_branch_info);
 }
 
 static int add_pending_uninteresting_ref(const char *refname,
-					 const unsigned char *sha1,
+					 const struct object_id *oid,
 					 int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
-	add_pending_sha1(cb_data, refname, sha1, UNINTERESTING);
+	add_pending_oid(cb_data, refname, oid, UNINTERESTING);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static void describe_one_orphan(struct strbuf *sb, struct commit *commit)
 {
 	strbuf_addstr(sb, "  ");
-	strbuf_addstr(sb,
-		find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+	strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(sb, &commit->object.oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
 	strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
 	if (!parse_commit(commit))
 		pp_commit_easy(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit, sb);
@@ -743,11 +776,18 @@ static void suggest_reattach(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *revs)
 
 	if (advice_detached_head)
 		fprintf(stderr,
-			_(
+			Q_(
+			/* The singular version */
+			"If you want to keep it by creating a new branch, "
+			"this may be a good time\nto do so with:\n\n"
+			" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n\n",
+			/* The plural version */
 			"If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, "
 			"this may be a good time\nto do so with:\n\n"
-			" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n\n"),
-			find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+			" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n\n",
+			/* Give ngettext() the count */
+			lost),
+			find_unique_abbrev(&commit->object.oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -755,72 +795,69 @@ static void suggest_reattach(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *revs)
  * HEAD.  If it is not reachable from any ref, this is the last chance
  * for the user to do so without resorting to reflog.
  */
-static void orphaned_commit_warning(struct commit *old, struct commit *new)
+static void orphaned_commit_warning(struct commit *old_commit, struct commit *new_commit)
 {
 	struct rev_info revs;
-	struct object *object = &old->object;
-	struct object_array refs;
+	struct object *object = &old_commit->object;
 
 	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
 	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &revs, NULL);
 
 	object->flags &= ~UNINTERESTING;
-	add_pending_object(&revs, object, sha1_to_hex(object->sha1));
+	add_pending_object(&revs, object, oid_to_hex(&object->oid));
 
 	for_each_ref(add_pending_uninteresting_ref, &revs);
-	add_pending_sha1(&revs, "HEAD", new->object.sha1, UNINTERESTING);
-
-	refs = revs.pending;
-	revs.leak_pending = 1;
+	add_pending_oid(&revs, "HEAD", &new_commit->object.oid, UNINTERESTING);
 
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
 		die(_("internal error in revision walk"));
-	if (!(old->object.flags & UNINTERESTING))
-		suggest_reattach(old, &revs);
+	if (!(old_commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING))
+		suggest_reattach(old_commit, &revs);
 	else
-		describe_detached_head(_("Previous HEAD position was"), old);
+		describe_detached_head(_("Previous HEAD position was"), old_commit);
 
-	clear_commit_marks_for_object_array(&refs, ALL_REV_FLAGS);
-	free(refs.objects);
+	/* Clean up objects used, as they will be reused. */
+	clear_commit_marks_all(ALL_REV_FLAGS);
 }
 
 static int switch_branches(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
-			   struct branch_info *new)
+			   struct branch_info *new_branch_info)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
-	struct branch_info old;
+	struct branch_info old_branch_info;
 	void *path_to_free;
-	unsigned char rev[20];
+	struct object_id rev;
 	int flag, writeout_error = 0;
-	memset(&old, 0, sizeof(old));
-	old.path = path_to_free = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, rev, &flag);
-	old.commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(rev, 1);
+	memset(&old_branch_info, 0, sizeof(old_branch_info));
+	old_branch_info.path = path_to_free = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, &rev, &flag);
+	if (old_branch_info.path)
+		old_branch_info.commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, &rev, 1);
 	if (!(flag & REF_ISSYMREF))
-		old.path = NULL;
+		old_branch_info.path = NULL;
 
-	if (old.path)
-		skip_prefix(old.path, "refs/heads/", &old.name);
+	if (old_branch_info.path)
+		skip_prefix(old_branch_info.path, "refs/heads/", &old_branch_info.name);
 
-	if (!new->name) {
-		new->name = "HEAD";
-		new->commit = old.commit;
-		if (!new->commit)
+	if (!new_branch_info->name) {
+		new_branch_info->name = "HEAD";
+		new_branch_info->commit = old_branch_info.commit;
+		if (!new_branch_info->commit)
 			die(_("You are on a branch yet to be born"));
-		parse_commit_or_die(new->commit);
+		parse_commit_or_die(new_branch_info->commit);
 	}
 
-	ret = merge_working_tree(opts, &old, new, &writeout_error);
+	ret = merge_working_tree(opts, &old_branch_info, new_branch_info, &writeout_error);
 	if (ret) {
 		free(path_to_free);
 		return ret;
 	}
 
-	if (!opts->quiet && !old.path && old.commit && new->commit != old.commit)
-		orphaned_commit_warning(old.commit, new->commit);
+	if (!opts->quiet && !old_branch_info.path && old_branch_info.commit && new_branch_info->commit != old_branch_info.commit)
+		orphaned_commit_warning(old_branch_info.commit, new_branch_info->commit);
 
-	update_refs_for_switch(opts, &old, new);
+	update_refs_for_switch(opts, &old_branch_info, new_branch_info);
 
-	ret = post_checkout_hook(old.commit, new->commit, 1);
+	ret = post_checkout_hook(old_branch_info.commit, new_branch_info->commit, 1);
 	free(path_to_free);
 	return ret || writeout_error;
 }
@@ -834,61 +871,22 @@ static int git_checkout_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	}
 
 	if (starts_with(var, "submodule."))
-		return parse_submodule_config_option(var, value);
+		return git_default_submodule_config(var, value, NULL);
 
 	return git_xmerge_config(var, value, NULL);
 }
 
-struct tracking_name_data {
-	/* const */ char *src_ref;
-	char *dst_ref;
-	unsigned char *dst_sha1;
-	int unique;
-};
-
-static int check_tracking_name(struct remote *remote, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct tracking_name_data *cb = cb_data;
-	struct refspec query;
-	memset(&query, 0, sizeof(struct refspec));
-	query.src = cb->src_ref;
-	if (remote_find_tracking(remote, &query) ||
-	    get_sha1(query.dst, cb->dst_sha1)) {
-		free(query.dst);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	if (cb->dst_ref) {
-		free(query.dst);
-		cb->unique = 0;
-		return 0;
-	}
-	cb->dst_ref = query.dst;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static const char *unique_tracking_name(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct tracking_name_data cb_data = { NULL, NULL, NULL, 1 };
-	char src_ref[PATH_MAX];
-	snprintf(src_ref, PATH_MAX, "refs/heads/%s", name);
-	cb_data.src_ref = src_ref;
-	cb_data.dst_sha1 = sha1;
-	for_each_remote(check_tracking_name, &cb_data);
-	if (cb_data.unique)
-		return cb_data.dst_ref;
-	free(cb_data.dst_ref);
-	return NULL;
-}
-
 static int parse_branchname_arg(int argc, const char **argv,
 				int dwim_new_local_branch_ok,
-				struct branch_info *new,
-				struct tree **source_tree,
-				unsigned char rev[20],
-				const char **new_branch)
+				struct branch_info *new_branch_info,
+				struct checkout_opts *opts,
+				struct object_id *rev,
+				int *dwim_remotes_matched)
 {
+	struct tree **source_tree = &opts->source_tree;
+	const char **new_branch = &opts->new_branch;
 	int argcount = 0;
-	unsigned char branch_rev[20];
+	struct object_id branch_rev;
 	const char *arg;
 	int dash_dash_pos;
 	int has_dash_dash = 0;
@@ -915,8 +913,10 @@ static int parse_branchname_arg(int argc, const char **argv,
 	 *   (b) If <something> is _not_ a commit, either "--" is present
 	 *       or <something> is not a path, no -t or -b was given, and
 	 *       and there is a tracking branch whose name is <something>
-	 *       in one and only one remote, then this is a short-hand to
-	 *       fork local <something> from that remote-tracking branch.
+	 *       in one and only one remote (or if the branch exists on the
+	 *       remote named in checkout.defaultRemote), then this is a
+	 *       short-hand to fork local <something> from that
+	 *       remote-tracking branch.
 	 *
 	 *   (c) Otherwise, if "--" is present, treat it like case (1).
 	 *
@@ -954,7 +954,7 @@ static int parse_branchname_arg(int argc, const char **argv,
 	if (!strcmp(arg, "-"))
 		arg = "@{-1}";
 
-	if (get_sha1_mb(arg, rev)) {
+	if (get_oid_mb(arg, rev)) {
 		/*
 		 * Either case (3) or (4), with <something> not being
 		 * a commit, or an attempt to use case (1) with an
@@ -965,7 +965,8 @@ static int parse_branchname_arg(int argc, const char **argv,
 		 */
 		int recover_with_dwim = dwim_new_local_branch_ok;
 
-		if (check_filename(NULL, arg) && !has_dash_dash)
+		if (!has_dash_dash &&
+		    (check_filename(opts->prefix, arg) || !no_wildcard(arg)))
 			recover_with_dwim = 0;
 		/*
 		 * Accept "git checkout foo" and "git checkout foo --"
@@ -976,7 +977,8 @@ static int parse_branchname_arg(int argc, const char **argv,
 			recover_with_dwim = 0;
 
 		if (recover_with_dwim) {
-			const char *remote = unique_tracking_name(arg, rev);
+			const char *remote = unique_tracking_name(arg, rev,
+								  dwim_remotes_matched);
 			if (remote) {
 				*new_branch = arg;
 				arg = remote;
@@ -998,27 +1000,27 @@ static int parse_branchname_arg(int argc, const char **argv,
 	argv++;
 	argc--;
 
-	new->name = arg;
-	setup_branch_path(new);
+	new_branch_info->name = arg;
+	setup_branch_path(new_branch_info);
 
-	if (!check_refname_format(new->path, 0) &&
-	    !read_ref(new->path, branch_rev))
-		hashcpy(rev, branch_rev);
+	if (!check_refname_format(new_branch_info->path, 0) &&
+	    !read_ref(new_branch_info->path, &branch_rev))
+		oidcpy(rev, &branch_rev);
 	else
-		new->path = NULL; /* not an existing branch */
+		new_branch_info->path = NULL; /* not an existing branch */
 
-	new->commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(rev, 1);
-	if (!new->commit) {
+	new_branch_info->commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, rev, 1);
+	if (!new_branch_info->commit) {
 		/* not a commit */
 		*source_tree = parse_tree_indirect(rev);
 	} else {
-		parse_commit_or_die(new->commit);
-		*source_tree = new->commit->tree;
+		parse_commit_or_die(new_branch_info->commit);
+		*source_tree = get_commit_tree(new_branch_info->commit);
 	}
 
 	if (!*source_tree)                   /* case (1): want a tree */
 		die(_("reference is not a tree: %s"), arg);
-	if (!has_dash_dash) {/* case (3).(d) -> (1) */
+	if (!has_dash_dash) {	/* case (3).(d) -> (1) */
 		/*
 		 * Do not complain the most common case
 		 *	git checkout branch
@@ -1026,7 +1028,7 @@ static int parse_branchname_arg(int argc, const char **argv,
 		 * it would be extremely annoying.
 		 */
 		if (argc)
-			verify_non_filename(NULL, arg);
+			verify_non_filename(opts->prefix, arg);
 	} else {
 		argcount++;
 		argv++;
@@ -1053,7 +1055,7 @@ static int switch_unborn_to_new_branch(const struct checkout_opts *opts)
 }
 
 static int checkout_branch(struct checkout_opts *opts,
-			   struct branch_info *new)
+			   struct branch_info *new_branch_info)
 {
 	if (opts->pathspec.nr)
 		die(_("paths cannot be used with switching branches"));
@@ -1082,27 +1084,38 @@ static int checkout_branch(struct checkout_opts *opts,
 	} else if (opts->track == BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED)
 		opts->track = git_branch_track;
 
-	if (new->name && !new->commit)
+	if (new_branch_info->name && !new_branch_info->commit)
 		die(_("Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"),
-		    new->name);
+		    new_branch_info->name);
+
+	if (new_branch_info->path && !opts->force_detach && !opts->new_branch &&
+	    !opts->ignore_other_worktrees) {
+		int flag;
+		char *head_ref = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, NULL, &flag);
+		if (head_ref &&
+		    (!(flag & REF_ISSYMREF) || strcmp(head_ref, new_branch_info->path)))
+			die_if_checked_out(new_branch_info->path, 1);
+		free(head_ref);
+	}
 
-	if (!new->commit && opts->new_branch) {
-		unsigned char rev[20];
+	if (!new_branch_info->commit && opts->new_branch) {
+		struct object_id rev;
 		int flag;
 
-		if (!read_ref_full("HEAD", 0, rev, &flag) &&
-		    (flag & REF_ISSYMREF) && is_null_sha1(rev))
+		if (!read_ref_full("HEAD", 0, &rev, &flag) &&
+		    (flag & REF_ISSYMREF) && is_null_oid(&rev))
 			return switch_unborn_to_new_branch(opts);
 	}
-	return switch_branches(opts, new);
+	return switch_branches(opts, new_branch_info);
 }
 
 int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct checkout_opts opts;
-	struct branch_info new;
+	struct branch_info new_branch_info;
 	char *conflict_style = NULL;
 	int dwim_new_local_branch = 1;
+	int dwim_remotes_matched = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT__QUIET(&opts.quiet, N_("suppress progress reporting")),
 		OPT_STRING('b', NULL, &opts.new_branch, N_("branch"),
@@ -1110,17 +1123,22 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_STRING('B', NULL, &opts.new_branch_force, N_("branch"),
 			   N_("create/reset and checkout a branch")),
 		OPT_BOOL('l', NULL, &opts.new_branch_log, N_("create reflog for new branch")),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "detach", &opts.force_detach, N_("detach the HEAD at named commit")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "detach", &opts.force_detach, N_("detach HEAD at named commit")),
 		OPT_SET_INT('t', "track",  &opts.track, N_("set upstream info for new branch"),
 			BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "orphan", &opts.new_orphan_branch, N_("new-branch"), N_("new unparented branch")),
-		OPT_SET_INT('2', "ours", &opts.writeout_stage, N_("checkout our version for unmerged files"),
-			    2),
-		OPT_SET_INT('3', "theirs", &opts.writeout_stage, N_("checkout their version for unmerged files"),
-			    3),
-		OPT__FORCE(&opts.force, N_("force checkout (throw away local modifications)")),
+		OPT_SET_INT_F('2', "ours", &opts.writeout_stage,
+			      N_("checkout our version for unmerged files"),
+			      2, PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
+		OPT_SET_INT_F('3', "theirs", &opts.writeout_stage,
+			      N_("checkout their version for unmerged files"),
+			      3, PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
+		OPT__FORCE(&opts.force, N_("force checkout (throw away local modifications)"),
+			   PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
 		OPT_BOOL('m', "merge", &opts.merge, N_("perform a 3-way merge with the new branch")),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "overwrite-ignore", &opts.overwrite_ignore, N_("update ignored files (default)")),
+		OPT_BOOL_F(0, "overwrite-ignore", &opts.overwrite_ignore,
+			   N_("update ignored files (default)"),
+			   PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "conflict", &conflict_style, N_("style"),
 			   N_("conflict style (merge or diff3)")),
 		OPT_BOOL('p', "patch", &opts.patch_mode, N_("select hunks interactively")),
@@ -1128,15 +1146,21 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			 N_("do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only")),
 		OPT_HIDDEN_BOOL(0, "guess", &dwim_new_local_branch,
 				N_("second guess 'git checkout <no-such-branch>'")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "ignore-other-worktrees", &opts.ignore_other_worktrees,
+			 N_("do not check if another worktree is holding the given ref")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "recurse-submodules", NULL,
+			    "checkout", "control recursive updating of submodules",
+			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, option_parse_recurse_submodules_worktree_updater },
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &opts.show_progress, N_("force progress reporting")),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
 	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
-	memset(&new, 0, sizeof(new));
+	memset(&new_branch_info, 0, sizeof(new_branch_info));
 	opts.overwrite_ignore = 1;
 	opts.prefix = prefix;
+	opts.show_progress = -1;
 
-	gitmodules_config();
 	git_config(git_checkout_config, &opts);
 
 	opts.track = BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED;
@@ -1144,6 +1168,13 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, checkout_usage,
 			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
 
+	if (opts.show_progress < 0) {
+		if (opts.quiet)
+			opts.show_progress = 0;
+		else
+			opts.show_progress = isatty(2);
+	}
+
 	if (conflict_style) {
 		opts.merge = 1; /* implied */
 		git_xmerge_config("merge.conflictstyle", conflict_style, NULL);
@@ -1167,12 +1198,12 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (opts.track != BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED && !opts.new_branch) {
 		const char *argv0 = argv[0];
 		if (!argc || !strcmp(argv0, "--"))
-			die (_("--track needs a branch name"));
+			die(_("--track needs a branch name"));
 		skip_prefix(argv0, "refs/", &argv0);
 		skip_prefix(argv0, "remotes/", &argv0);
 		argv0 = strchr(argv0, '/');
 		if (!argv0 || !argv0[1])
-			die (_("Missing branch name; try -b"));
+			die(_("missing branch name; try -b"));
 		opts.new_branch = argv0 + 1;
 	}
 
@@ -1190,15 +1221,15 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * remote branches, erroring out for invalid or ambiguous cases.
 	 */
 	if (argc) {
-		unsigned char rev[20];
+		struct object_id rev;
 		int dwim_ok =
 			!opts.patch_mode &&
 			dwim_new_local_branch &&
 			opts.track == BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED &&
 			!opts.new_branch;
 		int n = parse_branchname_arg(argc, argv, dwim_ok,
-					     &new, &opts.source_tree,
-					     rev, &opts.new_branch);
+					     &new_branch_info, &opts, &rev,
+					     &dwim_remotes_matched);
 		argv += n;
 		argc -= n;
 	}
@@ -1216,9 +1247,8 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		 * new_branch && argc > 1 will be caught later.
 		 */
 		if (opts.new_branch && argc == 1)
-			die(_("Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
-			      "Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"),
-			    opts.new_branch, argv[0]);
+			die(_("'%s' is not a commit and a branch '%s' cannot be created from it"),
+				argv[0], opts.new_branch);
 
 		if (opts.force_detach)
 			die(_("git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"),
@@ -1232,16 +1262,35 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (opts.new_branch) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-		opts.branch_exists =
-			validate_new_branchname(opts.new_branch, &buf,
-						!!opts.new_branch_force,
-						!!opts.new_branch_force);
-
+		if (opts.new_branch_force)
+			opts.branch_exists = validate_branchname(opts.new_branch, &buf);
+		else
+			opts.branch_exists =
+				validate_new_branchname(opts.new_branch, &buf, 0);
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	}
 
-	if (opts.patch_mode || opts.pathspec.nr)
-		return checkout_paths(&opts, new.name);
-	else
-		return checkout_branch(&opts, &new);
+	UNLEAK(opts);
+	if (opts.patch_mode || opts.pathspec.nr) {
+		int ret = checkout_paths(&opts, new_branch_info.name);
+		if (ret && dwim_remotes_matched > 1 &&
+		    advice_checkout_ambiguous_remote_branch_name)
+			advise(_("'%s' matched more than one remote tracking branch.\n"
+				 "We found %d remotes with a reference that matched. So we fell back\n"
+				 "on trying to resolve the argument as a path, but failed there too!\n"
+				 "\n"
+				 "If you meant to check out a remote tracking branch on, e.g. 'origin',\n"
+				 "you can do so by fully qualifying the name with the --track option:\n"
+				 "\n"
+				 "    git checkout --track origin/<name>\n"
+				 "\n"
+				 "If you'd like to always have checkouts of an ambiguous <name> prefer\n"
+				 "one remote, e.g. the 'origin' remote, consider setting\n"
+				 "checkout.defaultRemote=origin in your config."),
+			       argv[0],
+			       dwim_remotes_matched);
+		return ret;
+	} else {
+		return checkout_branch(&opts, &new_branch_info);
+	}
 }
diff --git a/builtin/clean.c b/builtin/clean.c
index 98c103fa8b..8d9a7dc206 100644
--- a/builtin/clean.c
+++ b/builtin/clean.c
@@ -8,14 +8,15 @@
 
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
-#include "refs.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "column.h"
 #include "color.h"
 #include "pathspec.h"
+#include "help.h"
 
 static int force = -1; /* unset */
 static int interactive;
@@ -33,15 +34,6 @@ static const char *msg_skip_git_dir = N_("Skipping repository %s\n");
 static const char *msg_would_skip_git_dir = N_("Would skip repository %s\n");
 static const char *msg_warn_remove_failed = N_("failed to remove %s");
 
-static int clean_use_color = -1;
-static char clean_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
-	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
-	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,	/* PLAIN */
-	GIT_COLOR_BOLD_BLUE,	/* PROMPT */
-	GIT_COLOR_BOLD,		/* HEADER */
-	GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED,	/* HELP */
-	GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED,	/* ERROR */
-};
 enum color_clean {
 	CLEAN_COLOR_RESET = 0,
 	CLEAN_COLOR_PLAIN = 1,
@@ -51,6 +43,25 @@ enum color_clean {
 	CLEAN_COLOR_ERROR = 5
 };
 
+static const char *color_interactive_slots[] = {
+	[CLEAN_COLOR_ERROR]  = "error",
+	[CLEAN_COLOR_HEADER] = "header",
+	[CLEAN_COLOR_HELP]   = "help",
+	[CLEAN_COLOR_PLAIN]  = "plain",
+	[CLEAN_COLOR_PROMPT] = "prompt",
+	[CLEAN_COLOR_RESET]  = "reset",
+};
+
+static int clean_use_color = -1;
+static char clean_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
+	[CLEAN_COLOR_ERROR] = GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED,
+	[CLEAN_COLOR_HEADER] = GIT_COLOR_BOLD,
+	[CLEAN_COLOR_HELP] = GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED,
+	[CLEAN_COLOR_PLAIN] = GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+	[CLEAN_COLOR_PROMPT] = GIT_COLOR_BOLD_BLUE,
+	[CLEAN_COLOR_RESET] = GIT_COLOR_RESET,
+};
+
 #define MENU_OPTS_SINGLETON		01
 #define MENU_OPTS_IMMEDIATE		02
 #define MENU_OPTS_LIST_ONLY		04
@@ -81,22 +92,7 @@ struct menu_stuff {
 	void *stuff;
 };
 
-static int parse_clean_color_slot(const char *var)
-{
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "reset"))
-		return CLEAN_COLOR_RESET;
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "plain"))
-		return CLEAN_COLOR_PLAIN;
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "prompt"))
-		return CLEAN_COLOR_PROMPT;
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "header"))
-		return CLEAN_COLOR_HEADER;
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "help"))
-		return CLEAN_COLOR_HELP;
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "error"))
-		return CLEAN_COLOR_ERROR;
-	return -1;
-}
+define_list_config_array(color_interactive_slots);
 
 static int git_clean_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
@@ -112,7 +108,7 @@ static int git_clean_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (skip_prefix(var, "color.interactive.", &slot_name)) {
-		int slot = parse_clean_color_slot(slot_name);
+		int slot = LOOKUP_CONFIG(color_interactive_slots, slot_name);
 		if (slot < 0)
 			return 0;
 		if (!value)
@@ -155,13 +151,11 @@ static int remove_dirs(struct strbuf *path, const char *prefix, int force_flag,
 	struct strbuf quoted = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct dirent *e;
 	int res = 0, ret = 0, gone = 1, original_len = path->len, len;
-	unsigned char submodule_head[20];
 	struct string_list dels = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 
 	*dir_gone = 1;
 
-	if ((force_flag & REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_NESTED_GIT) &&
-			!resolve_gitlink_ref(path->buf, "HEAD", submodule_head)) {
+	if ((force_flag & REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_NESTED_GIT) && is_nonbare_repository_dir(path)) {
 		if (!quiet) {
 			quote_path_relative(path->buf, prefix, &quoted);
 			printf(dry_run ?  _(msg_would_skip_git_dir) : _(msg_skip_git_dir),
@@ -169,7 +163,7 @@ static int remove_dirs(struct strbuf *path, const char *prefix, int force_flag,
 		}
 
 		*dir_gone = 0;
-		return 0;
+		goto out;
 	}
 
 	dir = opendir(path->buf);
@@ -177,15 +171,17 @@ static int remove_dirs(struct strbuf *path, const char *prefix, int force_flag,
 		/* an empty dir could be removed even if it is unreadble */
 		res = dry_run ? 0 : rmdir(path->buf);
 		if (res) {
+			int saved_errno = errno;
 			quote_path_relative(path->buf, prefix, &quoted);
-			warning(_(msg_warn_remove_failed), quoted.buf);
+			errno = saved_errno;
+			warning_errno(_(msg_warn_remove_failed), quoted.buf);
 			*dir_gone = 0;
 		}
-		return res;
+		ret = res;
+		goto out;
 	}
 
-	if (path->buf[original_len - 1] != '/')
-		strbuf_addch(path, '/');
+	strbuf_complete(path, '/');
 
 	len = path->len;
 	while ((e = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
@@ -212,8 +208,10 @@ static int remove_dirs(struct strbuf *path, const char *prefix, int force_flag,
 				quote_path_relative(path->buf, prefix, &quoted);
 				string_list_append(&dels, quoted.buf);
 			} else {
+				int saved_errno = errno;
 				quote_path_relative(path->buf, prefix, &quoted);
-				warning(_(msg_warn_remove_failed), quoted.buf);
+				errno = saved_errno;
+				warning_errno(_(msg_warn_remove_failed), quoted.buf);
 				*dir_gone = 0;
 				ret = 1;
 			}
@@ -234,8 +232,10 @@ static int remove_dirs(struct strbuf *path, const char *prefix, int force_flag,
 		if (!res)
 			*dir_gone = 1;
 		else {
+			int saved_errno = errno;
 			quote_path_relative(path->buf, prefix, &quoted);
-			warning(_(msg_warn_remove_failed), quoted.buf);
+			errno = saved_errno;
+			warning_errno(_(msg_warn_remove_failed), quoted.buf);
 			*dir_gone = 0;
 			ret = 1;
 		}
@@ -246,6 +246,8 @@ static int remove_dirs(struct strbuf *path, const char *prefix, int force_flag,
 		for (i = 0; i < dels.nr; i++)
 			printf(dry_run ?  _(msg_would_remove) : _(msg_remove), dels.items[i].string);
 	}
+out:
+	strbuf_release(&quoted);
 	string_list_clear(&dels, 0);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -291,11 +293,11 @@ static void pretty_print_menus(struct string_list *menu_list)
 static void prompt_help_cmd(int singleton)
 {
 	clean_print_color(CLEAN_COLOR_HELP);
-	printf_ln(singleton ?
+	printf(singleton ?
 		  _("Prompt help:\n"
 		    "1          - select a numbered item\n"
 		    "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
-		    "           - (empty) select nothing") :
+		    "           - (empty) select nothing\n") :
 		  _("Prompt help:\n"
 		    "1          - select a single item\n"
 		    "3-5        - select a range of items\n"
@@ -303,7 +305,7 @@ static void prompt_help_cmd(int singleton)
 		    "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
 		    "-...       - unselect specified items\n"
 		    "*          - choose all items\n"
-		    "           - (empty) finish selecting"));
+		    "           - (empty) finish selecting\n"));
 	clean_print_color(CLEAN_COLOR_RESET);
 }
 
@@ -314,7 +316,6 @@ static void print_highlight_menu_stuff(struct menu_stuff *stuff, int **chosen)
 {
 	struct string_list menu_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	struct strbuf menu = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct menu_item *menu_item;
 	struct string_list_item *string_list_item;
 	int i;
@@ -363,7 +364,6 @@ static void print_highlight_menu_stuff(struct menu_stuff *stuff, int **chosen)
 	pretty_print_menus(&menu_list);
 
 	strbuf_release(&menu);
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	string_list_clear(&menu_list, 0);
 }
 
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ static int parse_choice(struct menu_stuff *menu_stuff,
 		if (top <= 0 || bottom <= 0 || top > menu_stuff->nr || bottom > top ||
 		    (is_single && bottom != top)) {
 			clean_print_color(CLEAN_COLOR_ERROR);
-			printf_ln(_("Huh (%s)?"), (*ptr)->buf);
+			printf(_("Huh (%s)?\n"), (*ptr)->buf);
 			clean_print_color(CLEAN_COLOR_RESET);
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -549,7 +549,7 @@ static int *list_and_choose(struct menu_opts *opts, struct menu_stuff *stuff)
 	int eof = 0;
 	int i;
 
-	chosen = xmalloc(sizeof(int) * stuff->nr);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(chosen, stuff->nr);
 	/* set chosen as uninitialized */
 	for (i = 0; i < stuff->nr; i++)
 		chosen[i] = -1;
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ static int *list_and_choose(struct menu_opts *opts, struct menu_stuff *stuff)
 			       clean_get_color(CLEAN_COLOR_RESET));
 		}
 
-		if (strbuf_getline(&choice, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
+		if (strbuf_getline_lf(&choice, stdin) != EOF) {
 			strbuf_trim(&choice);
 		} else {
 			eof = 1;
@@ -621,7 +621,7 @@ static int *list_and_choose(struct menu_opts *opts, struct menu_stuff *stuff)
 				nr += chosen[i];
 		}
 
-		result = xcalloc(nr + 1, sizeof(int));
+		result = xcalloc(st_add(nr, 1), sizeof(int));
 		for (i = 0; i < stuff->nr && j < nr; i++) {
 			if (chosen[i])
 				result[j++] = i;
@@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ static int filter_by_patterns_cmd(void)
 		clean_print_color(CLEAN_COLOR_PROMPT);
 		printf(_("Input ignore patterns>> "));
 		clean_print_color(CLEAN_COLOR_RESET);
-		if (strbuf_getline(&confirm, stdin, '\n') != EOF)
+		if (strbuf_getline_lf(&confirm, stdin) != EOF)
 			strbuf_trim(&confirm);
 		else
 			putchar('\n');
@@ -683,7 +683,7 @@ static int filter_by_patterns_cmd(void)
 		for_each_string_list_item(item, &del_list) {
 			int dtype = DT_UNKNOWN;
 
-			if (is_excluded(&dir, item->string, &dtype)) {
+			if (is_excluded(&dir, &the_index, item->string, &dtype)) {
 				*item->string = '\0';
 				changed++;
 			}
@@ -756,7 +756,7 @@ static int ask_each_cmd(void)
 			qname = quote_path_relative(item->string, NULL, &buf);
 			/* TRANSLATORS: Make sure to keep [y/N] as is */
 			printf(_("Remove %s [y/N]? "), qname);
-			if (strbuf_getline(&confirm, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
+			if (strbuf_getline_lf(&confirm, stdin) != EOF) {
 				strbuf_trim(&confirm);
 			} else {
 				putchar('\n');
@@ -780,7 +780,7 @@ static int ask_each_cmd(void)
 static int quit_cmd(void)
 {
 	string_list_clear(&del_list, 0);
-	printf_ln(_("Bye."));
+	printf(_("Bye.\n"));
 	return MENU_RETURN_NO_LOOP;
 }
 
@@ -837,8 +837,7 @@ static void interactive_main_loop(void)
 			int ret;
 			ret = menus[*chosen].fn();
 			if (ret != MENU_RETURN_NO_LOOP) {
-				free(chosen);
-				chosen = NULL;
+				FREE_AND_NULL(chosen);
 				if (!del_list.nr) {
 					clean_print_color(CLEAN_COLOR_ERROR);
 					printf_ln(_("No more files to clean, exiting."));
@@ -851,12 +850,43 @@ static void interactive_main_loop(void)
 			quit_cmd();
 		}
 
-		free(chosen);
-		chosen = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(chosen);
 		break;
 	}
 }
 
+static void correct_untracked_entries(struct dir_struct *dir)
+{
+	int src, dst, ign;
+
+	for (src = dst = ign = 0; src < dir->nr; src++) {
+		/* skip paths in ignored[] that cannot be inside entries[src] */
+		while (ign < dir->ignored_nr &&
+		       0 <= cmp_dir_entry(&dir->entries[src], &dir->ignored[ign]))
+			ign++;
+
+		if (ign < dir->ignored_nr &&
+		    check_dir_entry_contains(dir->entries[src], dir->ignored[ign])) {
+			/* entries[src] contains an ignored path, so we drop it */
+			free(dir->entries[src]);
+		} else {
+			struct dir_entry *ent = dir->entries[src++];
+
+			/* entries[src] does not contain an ignored path, so we keep it */
+			dir->entries[dst++] = ent;
+
+			/* then discard paths in entries[] contained inside entries[src] */
+			while (src < dir->nr &&
+			       check_dir_entry_contains(ent, dir->entries[src]))
+				free(dir->entries[src++]);
+
+			/* compensate for the outer loop's loop control */
+			src--;
+		}
+	}
+	dir->nr = dst;
+}
+
 int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i, res;
@@ -874,7 +904,7 @@ int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("do not print names of files removed")),
 		OPT__DRY_RUN(&dry_run, N_("dry run")),
-		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("force")),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("force"), PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
 		OPT_BOOL('i', "interactive", &interactive, N_("interactive cleaning")),
 		OPT_BOOL('d', NULL, &remove_directories,
 				N_("remove whole directories")),
@@ -916,6 +946,9 @@ int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES;
 
+	if (remove_directories)
+		dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO | DIR_KEEP_UNTRACKED_CONTENTS;
+
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		die(_("index file corrupt"));
 
@@ -930,7 +963,8 @@ int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		       PATHSPEC_PREFER_CWD,
 		       prefix, argv);
 
-	fill_directory(&dir, &pathspec);
+	fill_directory(&dir, &the_index, &pathspec);
+	correct_untracked_entries(&dir);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++) {
 		struct dir_entry *ent = dir.entries[i];
@@ -941,15 +975,15 @@ int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (!cache_name_is_other(ent->name, ent->len))
 			continue;
 
-		if (lstat(ent->name, &st))
-			die_errno("Cannot lstat '%s'", ent->name);
-
 		if (pathspec.nr)
-			matches = dir_path_match(ent, &pathspec, 0, NULL);
+			matches = dir_path_match(&the_index, ent, &pathspec, 0, NULL);
 
 		if (pathspec.nr && !matches)
 			continue;
 
+		if (lstat(ent->name, &st))
+			die_errno("Cannot lstat '%s'", ent->name);
+
 		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) && !remove_directories &&
 		    matches != MATCHED_EXACTLY)
 			continue;
@@ -958,6 +992,12 @@ int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		string_list_append(&del_list, rel);
 	}
 
+	for (i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++)
+		free(dir.entries[i]);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < dir.ignored_nr; i++)
+		free(dir.ignored[i]);
+
 	if (interactive && del_list.nr > 0)
 		interactive_main_loop();
 
@@ -987,8 +1027,10 @@ int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		} else {
 			res = dry_run ? 0 : unlink(abs_path.buf);
 			if (res) {
+				int saved_errno = errno;
 				qname = quote_path_relative(item->string, NULL, &buf);
-				warning(_(msg_warn_remove_failed), qname);
+				errno = saved_errno;
+				warning_errno(_(msg_warn_remove_failed), qname);
 				errors++;
 			} else if (!quiet) {
 				qname = quote_path_relative(item->string, NULL, &buf);
diff --git a/builtin/clone.c b/builtin/clone.c
index 957246723e..fd2c3ef090 100644
--- a/builtin/clone.c
+++ b/builtin/clone.c
@@ -9,10 +9,13 @@
  */
 
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "fetch-pack.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "refspec.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "unpack-trees.h"
@@ -24,6 +27,9 @@
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "connected.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 /*
  * Overall FIXMEs:
@@ -39,24 +45,38 @@ static const char * const builtin_clone_usage[] = {
 };
 
 static int option_no_checkout, option_bare, option_mirror, option_single_branch = -1;
-static int option_local = -1, option_no_hardlinks, option_shared, option_recursive;
-static char *option_template, *option_depth;
+static int option_local = -1, option_no_hardlinks, option_shared;
+static int option_no_tags;
+static int option_shallow_submodules;
+static int deepen;
+static char *option_template, *option_depth, *option_since;
 static char *option_origin = NULL;
 static char *option_branch = NULL;
+static struct string_list option_not = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 static const char *real_git_dir;
 static char *option_upload_pack = "git-upload-pack";
 static int option_verbosity;
 static int option_progress = -1;
-static struct string_list option_config;
-static struct string_list option_reference;
+static enum transport_family family;
+static struct string_list option_config = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+static struct string_list option_required_reference = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+static struct string_list option_optional_reference = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 static int option_dissociate;
+static int max_jobs = -1;
+static struct string_list option_recurse_submodules = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+static struct list_objects_filter_options filter_options;
 
-static int opt_parse_reference(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+static int recurse_submodules_cb(const struct option *opt,
+				 const char *arg, int unset)
 {
-	struct string_list *option_reference = opt->value;
-	if (!arg)
-		return -1;
-	string_list_append(option_reference, arg);
+	if (unset)
+		string_list_clear((struct string_list *)opt->value, 0);
+	else if (arg)
+		string_list_append((struct string_list *)opt->value, arg);
+	else
+		string_list_append((struct string_list *)opt->value,
+				   (const char *)opt->defval);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -77,14 +97,23 @@ static struct option builtin_clone_options[] = {
 		    N_("don't use local hardlinks, always copy")),
 	OPT_BOOL('s', "shared", &option_shared,
 		    N_("setup as shared repository")),
-	OPT_BOOL(0, "recursive", &option_recursive,
-		    N_("initialize submodules in the clone")),
-	OPT_BOOL(0, "recurse-submodules", &option_recursive,
-		    N_("initialize submodules in the clone")),
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "recursive", &option_recurse_submodules,
+	  N_("pathspec"), N_("initialize submodules in the clone"),
+	  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN, recurse_submodules_cb,
+	  (intptr_t)"." },
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "recurse-submodules", &option_recurse_submodules,
+	  N_("pathspec"), N_("initialize submodules in the clone"),
+	  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, recurse_submodules_cb, (intptr_t)"." },
+	OPT_INTEGER('j', "jobs", &max_jobs,
+		    N_("number of submodules cloned in parallel")),
 	OPT_STRING(0, "template", &option_template, N_("template-directory"),
 		   N_("directory from which templates will be used")),
-	OPT_CALLBACK(0 , "reference", &option_reference, N_("repo"),
-		     N_("reference repository"), &opt_parse_reference),
+	OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "reference", &option_required_reference, N_("repo"),
+			N_("reference repository")),
+	OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "reference-if-able", &option_optional_reference,
+			N_("repo"), N_("reference repository")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "dissociate", &option_dissociate,
+		 N_("use --reference only while cloning")),
 	OPT_STRING('o', "origin", &option_origin, N_("name"),
 		   N_("use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream")),
 	OPT_STRING('b', "branch", &option_branch, N_("branch"),
@@ -93,109 +122,167 @@ static struct option builtin_clone_options[] = {
 		   N_("path to git-upload-pack on the remote")),
 	OPT_STRING(0, "depth", &option_depth, N_("depth"),
 		    N_("create a shallow clone of that depth")),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "shallow-since", &option_since, N_("time"),
+		    N_("create a shallow clone since a specific time")),
+	OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "shallow-exclude", &option_not, N_("revision"),
+			N_("deepen history of shallow clone, excluding rev")),
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "single-branch", &option_single_branch,
 		    N_("clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch")),
-	OPT_BOOL(0, "dissociate", &option_dissociate,
-		 N_("use --reference only while cloning")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "no-tags", &option_no_tags,
+		 N_("don't clone any tags, and make later fetches not to follow them")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "shallow-submodules", &option_shallow_submodules,
+		    N_("any cloned submodules will be shallow")),
 	OPT_STRING(0, "separate-git-dir", &real_git_dir, N_("gitdir"),
 		   N_("separate git dir from working tree")),
 	OPT_STRING_LIST('c', "config", &option_config, N_("key=value"),
 			N_("set config inside the new repository")),
+	OPT_SET_INT('4', "ipv4", &family, N_("use IPv4 addresses only"),
+			TRANSPORT_FAMILY_IPV4),
+	OPT_SET_INT('6', "ipv6", &family, N_("use IPv6 addresses only"),
+			TRANSPORT_FAMILY_IPV6),
+	OPT_PARSE_LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER(&filter_options),
 	OPT_END()
 };
 
-static const char *argv_submodule[] = {
-	"submodule", "update", "--init", "--recursive", NULL
-};
-
-static char *get_repo_path(const char *repo, int *is_bundle)
+static const char *get_repo_path_1(struct strbuf *path, int *is_bundle)
 {
 	static char *suffix[] = { "/.git", "", ".git/.git", ".git" };
 	static char *bundle_suffix[] = { ".bundle", "" };
+	size_t baselen = path->len;
 	struct stat st;
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(suffix); i++) {
-		const char *path;
-		path = mkpath("%s%s", repo, suffix[i]);
-		if (stat(path, &st))
+		strbuf_setlen(path, baselen);
+		strbuf_addstr(path, suffix[i]);
+		if (stat(path->buf, &st))
 			continue;
-		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) && is_git_directory(path)) {
+		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) && is_git_directory(path->buf)) {
 			*is_bundle = 0;
-			return xstrdup(absolute_path(path));
+			return path->buf;
 		} else if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) && st.st_size > 8) {
 			/* Is it a "gitfile"? */
 			char signature[8];
-			int len, fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+			const char *dst;
+			int len, fd = open(path->buf, O_RDONLY);
 			if (fd < 0)
 				continue;
 			len = read_in_full(fd, signature, 8);
 			close(fd);
 			if (len != 8 || strncmp(signature, "gitdir: ", 8))
 				continue;
-			path = read_gitfile(path);
-			if (path) {
+			dst = read_gitfile(path->buf);
+			if (dst) {
 				*is_bundle = 0;
-				return xstrdup(absolute_path(path));
+				return dst;
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bundle_suffix); i++) {
-		const char *path;
-		path = mkpath("%s%s", repo, bundle_suffix[i]);
-		if (!stat(path, &st) && S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
+		strbuf_setlen(path, baselen);
+		strbuf_addstr(path, bundle_suffix[i]);
+		if (!stat(path->buf, &st) && S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
 			*is_bundle = 1;
-			return xstrdup(absolute_path(path));
+			return path->buf;
 		}
 	}
 
 	return NULL;
 }
 
+static char *get_repo_path(const char *repo, int *is_bundle)
+{
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *raw;
+	char *canon;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, repo);
+	raw = get_repo_path_1(&path, is_bundle);
+	canon = raw ? absolute_pathdup(raw) : NULL;
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+	return canon;
+}
+
 static char *guess_dir_name(const char *repo, int is_bundle, int is_bare)
 {
-	const char *end = repo + strlen(repo), *start;
+	const char *end = repo + strlen(repo), *start, *ptr;
+	size_t len;
 	char *dir;
 
 	/*
+	 * Skip scheme.
+	 */
+	start = strstr(repo, "://");
+	if (start == NULL)
+		start = repo;
+	else
+		start += 3;
+
+	/*
+	 * Skip authentication data. The stripping does happen
+	 * greedily, such that we strip up to the last '@' inside
+	 * the host part.
+	 */
+	for (ptr = start; ptr < end && !is_dir_sep(*ptr); ptr++) {
+		if (*ptr == '@')
+			start = ptr + 1;
+	}
+
+	/*
 	 * Strip trailing spaces, slashes and /.git
 	 */
-	while (repo < end && (is_dir_sep(end[-1]) || isspace(end[-1])))
+	while (start < end && (is_dir_sep(end[-1]) || isspace(end[-1])))
 		end--;
-	if (end - repo > 5 && is_dir_sep(end[-5]) &&
+	if (end - start > 5 && is_dir_sep(end[-5]) &&
 	    !strncmp(end - 4, ".git", 4)) {
 		end -= 5;
-		while (repo < end && is_dir_sep(end[-1]))
+		while (start < end && is_dir_sep(end[-1]))
 			end--;
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Find last component, but be prepared that repo could have
-	 * the form  "remote.example.com:foo.git", i.e. no slash
-	 * in the directory part.
+	 * Strip trailing port number if we've got only a
+	 * hostname (that is, there is no dir separator but a
+	 * colon). This check is required such that we do not
+	 * strip URI's like '/foo/bar:2222.git', which should
+	 * result in a dir '2222' being guessed due to backwards
+	 * compatibility.
+	 */
+	if (memchr(start, '/', end - start) == NULL
+	    && memchr(start, ':', end - start) != NULL) {
+		ptr = end;
+		while (start < ptr && isdigit(ptr[-1]) && ptr[-1] != ':')
+			ptr--;
+		if (start < ptr && ptr[-1] == ':')
+			end = ptr - 1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Find last component. To remain backwards compatible we
+	 * also regard colons as path separators, such that
+	 * cloning a repository 'foo:bar.git' would result in a
+	 * directory 'bar' being guessed.
 	 */
-	start = end;
-	while (repo < start && !is_dir_sep(start[-1]) && start[-1] != ':')
-		start--;
+	ptr = end;
+	while (start < ptr && !is_dir_sep(ptr[-1]) && ptr[-1] != ':')
+		ptr--;
+	start = ptr;
 
 	/*
 	 * Strip .{bundle,git}.
 	 */
-	if (is_bundle) {
-		if (end - start > 7 && !strncmp(end - 7, ".bundle", 7))
-			end -= 7;
-	} else {
-		if (end - start > 4 && !strncmp(end - 4, ".git", 4))
-			end -= 4;
-	}
+	len = end - start;
+	strip_suffix_mem(start, &len, is_bundle ? ".bundle" : ".git");
 
-	if (is_bare) {
-		struct strbuf result = STRBUF_INIT;
-		strbuf_addf(&result, "%.*s.git", (int)(end - start), start);
-		dir = strbuf_detach(&result, NULL);
-	} else
-		dir = xstrndup(start, end - start);
+	if (!len || (len == 1 && *start == '/'))
+		die(_("No directory name could be guessed.\n"
+		      "Please specify a directory on the command line"));
+
+	if (is_bare)
+		dir = xstrfmt("%.*s.git", (int)len, start);
+	else
+		dir = xstrndup(start, len);
 	/*
 	 * Replace sequences of 'control' characters and whitespace
 	 * with one ascii space, remove leading and trailing spaces.
@@ -233,45 +320,37 @@ static void strip_trailing_slashes(char *dir)
 
 static int add_one_reference(struct string_list_item *item, void *cb_data)
 {
-	char *ref_git;
-	const char *repo;
-	struct strbuf alternate = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	/* Beware: read_gitfile(), real_path() and mkpath() return static buffer */
-	ref_git = xstrdup(real_path(item->string));
-
-	repo = read_gitfile(ref_git);
-	if (!repo)
-		repo = read_gitfile(mkpath("%s/.git", ref_git));
-	if (repo) {
-		free(ref_git);
-		ref_git = xstrdup(repo);
-	}
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int *required = cb_data;
+	char *ref_git = compute_alternate_path(item->string, &err);
 
-	if (!repo && is_directory(mkpath("%s/.git/objects", ref_git))) {
-		char *ref_git_git = mkpathdup("%s/.git", ref_git);
-		free(ref_git);
-		ref_git = ref_git_git;
-	} else if (!is_directory(mkpath("%s/objects", ref_git)))
-		die(_("reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."),
-		    item->string);
-
-	if (!access(mkpath("%s/shallow", ref_git), F_OK))
-		die(_("reference repository '%s' is shallow"), item->string);
-
-	if (!access(mkpath("%s/info/grafts", ref_git), F_OK))
-		die(_("reference repository '%s' is grafted"), item->string);
+	if (!ref_git) {
+		if (*required)
+			die("%s", err.buf);
+		else
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				_("info: Could not add alternate for '%s': %s\n"),
+				item->string, err.buf);
+	} else {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/objects", ref_git);
+		add_to_alternates_file(sb.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+	}
 
-	strbuf_addf(&alternate, "%s/objects", ref_git);
-	add_to_alternates_file(alternate.buf);
-	strbuf_release(&alternate);
+	strbuf_release(&err);
 	free(ref_git);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static void setup_reference(void)
 {
-	for_each_string_list(&option_reference, add_one_reference, NULL);
+	int required = 1;
+	for_each_string_list(&option_required_reference,
+			     add_one_reference, &required);
+	required = 0;
+	for_each_string_list(&option_optional_reference,
+			     add_one_reference, &required);
 }
 
 static void copy_alternates(struct strbuf *src, struct strbuf *dst,
@@ -289,20 +368,24 @@ static void copy_alternates(struct strbuf *src, struct strbuf *dst,
 	 * to turn entries with paths relative to the original
 	 * absolute, so that they can be used in the new repository.
 	 */
-	FILE *in = fopen(src->buf, "r");
+	FILE *in = xfopen(src->buf, "r");
 	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	while (strbuf_getline(&line, in, '\n') != EOF) {
-		char *abs_path, abs_buf[PATH_MAX];
+	while (strbuf_getline(&line, in) != EOF) {
+		char *abs_path;
 		if (!line.len || line.buf[0] == '#')
 			continue;
 		if (is_absolute_path(line.buf)) {
 			add_to_alternates_file(line.buf);
 			continue;
 		}
-		abs_path = mkpath("%s/objects/%s", src_repo, line.buf);
-		normalize_path_copy(abs_buf, abs_path);
-		add_to_alternates_file(abs_buf);
+		abs_path = mkpathdup("%s/objects/%s", src_repo, line.buf);
+		if (!normalize_path_copy(abs_path, abs_path))
+			add_to_alternates_file(abs_path);
+		else
+			warning("skipping invalid relative alternate: %s/%s",
+				src_repo, line.buf);
+		free(abs_path);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&line);
 	fclose(in);
@@ -375,14 +458,17 @@ static void clone_local(const char *src_repo, const char *dest_repo)
 {
 	if (option_shared) {
 		struct strbuf alt = STRBUF_INIT;
-		strbuf_addf(&alt, "%s/objects", src_repo);
+		get_common_dir(&alt, src_repo);
+		strbuf_addstr(&alt, "/objects");
 		add_to_alternates_file(alt.buf);
 		strbuf_release(&alt);
 	} else {
 		struct strbuf src = STRBUF_INIT;
 		struct strbuf dest = STRBUF_INIT;
-		strbuf_addf(&src, "%s/objects", src_repo);
-		strbuf_addf(&dest, "%s/objects", dest_repo);
+		get_common_dir(&src, src_repo);
+		get_common_dir(&dest, dest_repo);
+		strbuf_addstr(&src, "/objects");
+		strbuf_addstr(&dest, "/objects");
 		copy_or_link_directory(&src, &dest, src_repo, src.len);
 		strbuf_release(&src);
 		strbuf_release(&dest);
@@ -393,7 +479,9 @@ static void clone_local(const char *src_repo, const char *dest_repo)
 }
 
 static const char *junk_work_tree;
+static int junk_work_tree_flags;
 static const char *junk_git_dir;
+static int junk_git_dir_flags;
 static enum {
 	JUNK_LEAVE_NONE,
 	JUNK_LEAVE_REPO,
@@ -422,14 +510,14 @@ static void remove_junk(void)
 
 	if (junk_git_dir) {
 		strbuf_addstr(&sb, junk_git_dir);
-		remove_dir_recursively(&sb, 0);
+		remove_dir_recursively(&sb, junk_git_dir_flags);
 		strbuf_reset(&sb);
 	}
 	if (junk_work_tree) {
 		strbuf_addstr(&sb, junk_work_tree);
-		remove_dir_recursively(&sb, 0);
-		strbuf_reset(&sb);
+		remove_dir_recursively(&sb, junk_work_tree_flags);
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
 static void remove_junk_on_signal(int signo)
@@ -460,7 +548,7 @@ static struct ref *find_remote_branch(const struct ref *refs, const char *branch
 }
 
 static struct ref *wanted_peer_refs(const struct ref *refs,
-		struct refspec *refspec)
+		struct refspec_item *refspec)
 {
 	struct ref *head = copy_ref(find_ref_by_name(refs, "HEAD"));
 	struct ref *local_refs = head;
@@ -489,7 +577,7 @@ static struct ref *wanted_peer_refs(const struct ref *refs,
 	} else
 		get_fetch_map(refs, refspec, &tail, 0);
 
-	if (!option_mirror && !option_single_branch)
+	if (!option_mirror && !option_single_branch && !option_no_tags)
 		get_fetch_map(refs, tag_refspec, &tail, 0);
 
 	return local_refs;
@@ -499,16 +587,26 @@ static void write_remote_refs(const struct ref *local_refs)
 {
 	const struct ref *r;
 
-	lock_packed_refs(LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	struct ref_transaction *t;
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	t = ref_transaction_begin(&err);
+	if (!t)
+		die("%s", err.buf);
 
 	for (r = local_refs; r; r = r->next) {
 		if (!r->peer_ref)
 			continue;
-		add_packed_ref(r->peer_ref->name, r->old_sha1);
+		if (ref_transaction_create(t, r->peer_ref->name, &r->old_oid,
+					   0, NULL, &err))
+			die("%s", err.buf);
 	}
 
-	if (commit_packed_refs())
-		die_errno("unable to overwrite old ref-pack file");
+	if (initial_ref_transaction_commit(t, &err))
+		die("%s", err.buf);
+
+	strbuf_release(&err);
+	ref_transaction_free(t);
 }
 
 static void write_followtags(const struct ref *refs, const char *msg)
@@ -519,14 +617,14 @@ static void write_followtags(const struct ref *refs, const char *msg)
 			continue;
 		if (ends_with(ref->name, "^{}"))
 			continue;
-		if (!has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1))
+		if (!has_object_file(&ref->old_oid))
 			continue;
-		update_ref(msg, ref->name, ref->old_sha1,
-			   NULL, 0, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
+		update_ref(msg, ref->name, &ref->old_oid, NULL, 0,
+			   UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
 	}
 }
 
-static int iterate_ref_map(void *cb_data, unsigned char sha1[20])
+static int iterate_ref_map(void *cb_data, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct ref **rm = cb_data;
 	struct ref *ref = *rm;
@@ -541,7 +639,7 @@ static int iterate_ref_map(void *cb_data, unsigned char sha1[20])
 	if (!ref)
 		return -1;
 
-	hashcpy(sha1, ref->old_sha1);
+	oidcpy(oid, &ref->old_oid);
 	*rm = ref->next;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -557,18 +655,18 @@ static void update_remote_refs(const struct ref *refs,
 	const struct ref *rm = mapped_refs;
 
 	if (check_connectivity) {
-		if (transport->progress)
-			fprintf(stderr, _("Checking connectivity... "));
-		if (check_everything_connected_with_transport(iterate_ref_map,
-							      0, &rm, transport))
+		struct check_connected_options opt = CHECK_CONNECTED_INIT;
+
+		opt.transport = transport;
+		opt.progress = transport->progress;
+
+		if (check_connected(iterate_ref_map, &rm, &opt))
 			die(_("remote did not send all necessary objects"));
-		if (transport->progress)
-			fprintf(stderr, _("done.\n"));
 	}
 
 	if (refs) {
 		write_remote_refs(mapped_refs);
-		if (option_single_branch)
+		if (option_single_branch && !option_no_tags)
 			write_followtags(refs, msg);
 	}
 
@@ -576,9 +674,11 @@ static void update_remote_refs(const struct ref *refs,
 		struct strbuf head_ref = STRBUF_INIT;
 		strbuf_addstr(&head_ref, branch_top);
 		strbuf_addstr(&head_ref, "HEAD");
-		create_symref(head_ref.buf,
-			      remote_head_points_at->peer_ref->name,
-			      msg);
+		if (create_symref(head_ref.buf,
+				  remote_head_points_at->peer_ref->name,
+				  msg) < 0)
+			die(_("unable to update %s"), head_ref.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&head_ref);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -588,33 +688,35 @@ static void update_head(const struct ref *our, const struct ref *remote,
 	const char *head;
 	if (our && skip_prefix(our->name, "refs/heads/", &head)) {
 		/* Local default branch link */
-		create_symref("HEAD", our->name, NULL);
+		if (create_symref("HEAD", our->name, NULL) < 0)
+			die(_("unable to update HEAD"));
 		if (!option_bare) {
-			update_ref(msg, "HEAD", our->old_sha1, NULL, 0,
+			update_ref(msg, "HEAD", &our->old_oid, NULL, 0,
 				   UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
 			install_branch_config(0, head, option_origin, our->name);
 		}
 	} else if (our) {
-		struct commit *c = lookup_commit_reference(our->old_sha1);
+		struct commit *c = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository,
+							   &our->old_oid);
 		/* --branch specifies a non-branch (i.e. tags), detach HEAD */
-		update_ref(msg, "HEAD", c->object.sha1,
-			   NULL, REF_NODEREF, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
+		update_ref(msg, "HEAD", &c->object.oid, NULL, REF_NO_DEREF,
+			   UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
 	} else if (remote) {
 		/*
 		 * We know remote HEAD points to a non-branch, or
 		 * HEAD points to a branch but we don't know which one.
 		 * Detach HEAD in all these cases.
 		 */
-		update_ref(msg, "HEAD", remote->old_sha1,
-			   NULL, REF_NODEREF, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
+		update_ref(msg, "HEAD", &remote->old_oid, NULL, REF_NO_DEREF,
+			   UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
 	}
 }
 
-static int checkout(void)
+static int checkout(int submodule_progress)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	char *head;
-	struct lock_file *lock_file;
+	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
 	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
 	struct tree *tree;
 	struct tree_desc t;
@@ -623,7 +725,7 @@ static int checkout(void)
 	if (option_no_checkout)
 		return 0;
 
-	head = resolve_refdup("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING, sha1, NULL);
+	head = resolve_refdup("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING, &oid, NULL);
 	if (!head) {
 		warning(_("remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, "
 			  "unable to checkout.\n"));
@@ -631,7 +733,7 @@ static int checkout(void)
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(head, "HEAD")) {
 		if (advice_detached_head)
-			detach_advice(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			detach_advice(oid_to_hex(&oid));
 	} else {
 		if (!starts_with(head, "refs/heads/"))
 			die(_("HEAD not found below refs/heads!"));
@@ -641,8 +743,7 @@ static int checkout(void)
 	/* We need to be in the new work tree for the checkout */
 	setup_work_tree();
 
-	lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
-	hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
+	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 
 	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof opts);
 	opts.update = 1;
@@ -652,27 +753,46 @@ static int checkout(void)
 	opts.src_index = &the_index;
 	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
 
-	tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
+	tree = parse_tree_indirect(&oid);
 	parse_tree(tree);
 	init_tree_desc(&t, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 	if (unpack_trees(1, &t, &opts) < 0)
 		die(_("unable to checkout working tree"));
 
-	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
 		die(_("unable to write new index file"));
 
 	err |= run_hook_le(NULL, "post-checkout", sha1_to_hex(null_sha1),
-			   sha1_to_hex(sha1), "1", NULL);
+			   oid_to_hex(&oid), "1", NULL);
+
+	if (!err && (option_recurse_submodules.nr > 0)) {
+		struct argv_array args = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+		argv_array_pushl(&args, "submodule", "update", "--init", "--recursive", NULL);
 
-	if (!err && option_recursive)
-		err = run_command_v_opt(argv_submodule, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+		if (option_shallow_submodules == 1)
+			argv_array_push(&args, "--depth=1");
+
+		if (max_jobs != -1)
+			argv_array_pushf(&args, "--jobs=%d", max_jobs);
+
+		if (submodule_progress)
+			argv_array_push(&args, "--progress");
+
+		if (option_verbosity < 0)
+			argv_array_push(&args, "--quiet");
+
+		err = run_command_v_opt(args.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+		argv_array_clear(&args);
+	}
 
 	return err;
 }
 
 static int write_one_config(const char *key, const char *value, void *data)
 {
-	return git_config_set_multivar(key, value ? value : "true", "^$", 0);
+	return git_config_set_multivar_gently(key,
+					      value ? value : "true",
+					      CONFIG_REGEX_NONE, 0);
 }
 
 static void write_config(struct string_list *config)
@@ -682,7 +802,7 @@ static void write_config(struct string_list *config)
 	for (i = 0; i < config->nr; i++) {
 		if (git_config_parse_parameter(config->items[i].string,
 					       write_one_config, NULL) < 0)
-			die("unable to write parameters to config file");
+			die(_("unable to write parameters to config file"));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -706,7 +826,7 @@ static void write_refspec_config(const char *src_ref_prefix,
 			} else if (remote_head_points_at) {
 				const char *head = remote_head_points_at->name;
 				if (!skip_prefix(head, "refs/heads/", &head))
-					die("BUG: remote HEAD points at non-head?");
+					BUG("remote HEAD points at non-head?");
 
 				strbuf_addf(&value, "+%s:%s%s", remote_head_points_at->name,
 						branch_top->buf, head);
@@ -741,17 +861,26 @@ static void write_refspec_config(const char *src_ref_prefix,
 static void dissociate_from_references(void)
 {
 	static const char* argv[] = { "repack", "-a", "-d", NULL };
+	char *alternates = git_pathdup("objects/info/alternates");
 
-	if (run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD|RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN))
-		die(_("cannot repack to clean up"));
-	if (unlink(git_path("objects/info/alternates")) && errno != ENOENT)
-		die_errno(_("cannot unlink temporary alternates file"));
+	if (!access(alternates, F_OK)) {
+		if (run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD|RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN))
+			die(_("cannot repack to clean up"));
+		if (unlink(alternates) && errno != ENOENT)
+			die_errno(_("cannot unlink temporary alternates file"));
+	}
+	free(alternates);
+}
+
+static int dir_exists(const char *path)
+{
+	struct stat sb;
+	return !stat(path, &sb);
 }
 
 int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int is_bundle = 0, is_local;
-	struct stat buf;
 	const char *repo_name, *repo, *work_tree, *git_dir;
 	char *path, *dir;
 	int dest_exists;
@@ -766,9 +895,12 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	const char *src_ref_prefix = "refs/heads/";
 	struct remote *remote;
 	int err = 0, complete_refs_before_fetch = 1;
+	int submodule_progress;
 
-	struct refspec *refspec;
-	const char *fetch_pattern;
+	struct refspec rs = REFSPEC_INIT_FETCH;
+	struct argv_array ref_prefixes = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+
+	fetch_if_missing = 0;
 
 	packet_trace_identity("clone");
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_clone_options,
@@ -782,8 +914,10 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		usage_msg_opt(_("You must specify a repository to clone."),
 			builtin_clone_usage, builtin_clone_options);
 
+	if (option_depth || option_since || option_not.nr)
+		deepen = 1;
 	if (option_single_branch == -1)
-		option_single_branch = option_depth ? 1 : 0;
+		option_single_branch = deepen ? 1 : 0;
 
 	if (option_mirror)
 		option_bare = 1;
@@ -804,7 +938,7 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	path = get_repo_path(repo_name, &is_bundle);
 	if (path)
-		repo = xstrdup(absolute_path(repo_name));
+		repo = absolute_pathdup(repo_name);
 	else if (!strchr(repo_name, ':'))
 		die(_("repository '%s' does not exist"), repo_name);
 	else
@@ -820,7 +954,7 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		dir = guess_dir_name(repo_name, is_bundle, option_bare);
 	strip_trailing_slashes(dir);
 
-	dest_exists = !stat(dir, &buf);
+	dest_exists = dir_exists(dir);
 	if (dest_exists && !is_empty_dir(dir))
 		die(_("destination path '%s' already exists and is not "
 			"an empty directory."), dir);
@@ -831,7 +965,7 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		work_tree = NULL;
 	else {
 		work_tree = getenv("GIT_WORK_TREE");
-		if (work_tree && !stat(work_tree, &buf))
+		if (work_tree && dir_exists(work_tree))
 			die(_("working tree '%s' already exists."), work_tree);
 	}
 
@@ -842,28 +976,33 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		git_dir = mkpathdup("%s/.git", dir);
 	}
 
+	atexit(remove_junk);
+	sigchain_push_common(remove_junk_on_signal);
+
 	if (!option_bare) {
-		junk_work_tree = work_tree;
 		if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(work_tree) < 0)
 			die_errno(_("could not create leading directories of '%s'"),
 				  work_tree);
-		if (!dest_exists && mkdir(work_tree, 0777))
-			die_errno(_("could not create work tree dir '%s'."),
+		if (dest_exists)
+			junk_work_tree_flags |= REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_TOPLEVEL;
+		else if (mkdir(work_tree, 0777))
+			die_errno(_("could not create work tree dir '%s'"),
 				  work_tree);
+		junk_work_tree = work_tree;
 		set_git_work_tree(work_tree);
 	}
-	junk_git_dir = git_dir;
-	atexit(remove_junk);
-	sigchain_push_common(remove_junk_on_signal);
 
-	if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(git_dir) < 0)
-		die(_("could not create leading directories of '%s'"), git_dir);
-
-	set_git_dir_init(git_dir, real_git_dir, 0);
 	if (real_git_dir) {
-		git_dir = real_git_dir;
+		if (dir_exists(real_git_dir))
+			junk_git_dir_flags |= REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_TOPLEVEL;
 		junk_git_dir = real_git_dir;
+	} else {
+		if (dest_exists)
+			junk_git_dir_flags |= REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_TOPLEVEL;
+		junk_git_dir = git_dir;
 	}
+	if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(git_dir) < 0)
+		die(_("could not create leading directories of '%s'"), git_dir);
 
 	if (0 <= option_verbosity) {
 		if (option_bare)
@@ -871,7 +1010,48 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		else
 			fprintf(stderr, _("Cloning into '%s'...\n"), dir);
 	}
-	init_db(option_template, INIT_DB_QUIET);
+
+	if (option_recurse_submodules.nr > 0) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		/* remove duplicates */
+		string_list_sort(&option_recurse_submodules);
+		string_list_remove_duplicates(&option_recurse_submodules, 0);
+
+		/*
+		 * NEEDSWORK: In a multi-working-tree world, this needs to be
+		 * set in the per-worktree config.
+		 */
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, &option_recurse_submodules) {
+			strbuf_addf(&sb, "submodule.active=%s",
+				    item->string);
+			string_list_append(&option_config,
+					   strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL));
+		}
+
+		if (option_required_reference.nr &&
+		    option_optional_reference.nr)
+			die(_("clone --recursive is not compatible with "
+			      "both --reference and --reference-if-able"));
+		else if (option_required_reference.nr) {
+			string_list_append(&option_config,
+				"submodule.alternateLocation=superproject");
+			string_list_append(&option_config,
+				"submodule.alternateErrorStrategy=die");
+		} else if (option_optional_reference.nr) {
+			string_list_append(&option_config,
+				"submodule.alternateLocation=superproject");
+			string_list_append(&option_config,
+				"submodule.alternateErrorStrategy=info");
+		}
+	}
+
+	init_db(git_dir, real_git_dir, option_template, INIT_DB_QUIET);
+
+	if (real_git_dir)
+		git_dir = real_git_dir;
+
 	write_config(&option_config);
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
@@ -891,25 +1071,35 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	git_config_set(key.buf, repo);
 	strbuf_reset(&key);
 
-	if (option_reference.nr)
-		setup_reference();
-	else if (option_dissociate) {
-		warning(_("--dissociate given, but there is no --reference"));
-		option_dissociate = 0;
+	if (option_no_tags) {
+		strbuf_addf(&key, "remote.%s.tagOpt", option_origin);
+		git_config_set(key.buf, "--no-tags");
+		strbuf_reset(&key);
 	}
 
-	fetch_pattern = value.buf;
-	refspec = parse_fetch_refspec(1, &fetch_pattern);
+	if (option_required_reference.nr || option_optional_reference.nr)
+		setup_reference();
+
+	refspec_append(&rs, value.buf);
 
 	strbuf_reset(&value);
 
 	remote = remote_get(option_origin);
 	transport = transport_get(remote, remote->url[0]);
+	transport_set_verbosity(transport, option_verbosity, option_progress);
+	transport->family = family;
+
 	path = get_repo_path(remote->url[0], &is_bundle);
 	is_local = option_local != 0 && path && !is_bundle;
 	if (is_local) {
 		if (option_depth)
 			warning(_("--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."));
+		if (option_since)
+			warning(_("--shallow-since is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."));
+		if (option_not.nr)
+			warning(_("--shallow-exclude is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."));
+		if (filter_options.choice)
+			warning(_("--filter is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."));
 		if (!access(mkpath("%s/shallow", path), F_OK)) {
 			if (option_local > 0)
 				warning(_("source repository is shallow, ignoring --local"));
@@ -920,30 +1110,45 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		warning(_("--local is ignored"));
 	transport->cloning = 1;
 
-	if (!transport->get_refs_list || (!is_local && !transport->fetch))
-		die(_("Don't know how to clone %s"), transport->url);
-
 	transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_KEEP, "yes");
 
 	if (option_depth)
 		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_DEPTH,
 				     option_depth);
+	if (option_since)
+		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_DEEPEN_SINCE,
+				     option_since);
+	if (option_not.nr)
+		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_DEEPEN_NOT,
+				     (const char *)&option_not);
 	if (option_single_branch)
 		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_FOLLOWTAGS, "1");
 
-	transport_set_verbosity(transport, option_verbosity, option_progress);
-
 	if (option_upload_pack)
 		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_UPLOADPACK,
 				     option_upload_pack);
 
-	if (transport->smart_options && !option_depth)
+	if (filter_options.choice) {
+		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER,
+				     filter_options.filter_spec);
+		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_FROM_PROMISOR, "1");
+	}
+
+	if (transport->smart_options && !deepen && !filter_options.choice)
 		transport->smart_options->check_self_contained_and_connected = 1;
 
-	refs = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
+
+	argv_array_push(&ref_prefixes, "HEAD");
+	refspec_ref_prefixes(&rs, &ref_prefixes);
+	if (option_branch)
+		expand_ref_prefix(&ref_prefixes, option_branch);
+	if (!option_no_tags)
+		argv_array_push(&ref_prefixes, "refs/tags/");
+
+	refs = transport_get_remote_refs(transport, &ref_prefixes);
 
 	if (refs) {
-		mapped_refs = wanted_peer_refs(refs, refspec);
+		mapped_refs = wanted_peer_refs(refs, &rs.items[0]);
 		/*
 		 * transport_get_remote_refs() may return refs with null sha-1
 		 * in mapped_refs (see struct transport->get_refs_list
@@ -955,7 +1160,7 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		 * remote HEAD check.
 		 */
 		for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
-			if (is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1)) {
+			if (is_null_oid(&ref->old_oid)) {
 				complete_refs_before_fetch = 0;
 				break;
 			}
@@ -997,24 +1202,39 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	write_refspec_config(src_ref_prefix, our_head_points_at,
 			remote_head_points_at, &branch_top);
 
+	if (filter_options.choice)
+		partial_clone_register("origin", &filter_options);
+
 	if (is_local)
 		clone_local(path, git_dir);
 	else if (refs && complete_refs_before_fetch)
 		transport_fetch_refs(transport, mapped_refs);
 
 	update_remote_refs(refs, mapped_refs, remote_head_points_at,
-			   branch_top.buf, reflog_msg.buf, transport, !is_local);
+			   branch_top.buf, reflog_msg.buf, transport,
+			   !is_local);
 
 	update_head(our_head_points_at, remote_head, reflog_msg.buf);
 
+	/*
+	 * We want to show progress for recursive submodule clones iff
+	 * we did so for the main clone. But only the transport knows
+	 * the final decision for this flag, so we need to rescue the value
+	 * before we free the transport.
+	 */
+	submodule_progress = transport->progress;
+
 	transport_unlock_pack(transport);
 	transport_disconnect(transport);
 
-	if (option_dissociate)
+	if (option_dissociate) {
+		close_all_packs(the_repository->objects);
 		dissociate_from_references();
+	}
 
 	junk_mode = JUNK_LEAVE_REPO;
-	err = checkout();
+	fetch_if_missing = 1;
+	err = checkout(submodule_progress);
 
 	strbuf_release(&reflog_msg);
 	strbuf_release(&branch_top);
@@ -1022,6 +1242,7 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	strbuf_release(&value);
 	junk_mode = JUNK_LEAVE_ALL;
 
-	free(refspec);
+	refspec_clear(&rs);
+	argv_array_clear(&ref_prefixes);
 	return err;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/column.c b/builtin/column.c
index 449413c8a8..5228ccf37a 100644
--- a/builtin/column.c
+++ b/builtin/column.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
@@ -41,7 +42,6 @@ int cmd_column(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		git_config(column_config, NULL);
 
 	memset(&copts, 0, sizeof(copts));
-	copts.width = term_columns();
 	copts.padding = 1;
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, "", options, builtin_column_usage, 0);
 	if (argc)
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ int cmd_column(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			die(_("--command must be the first argument"));
 	}
 	finalize_colopts(&colopts, -1);
-	while (!strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin, '\n'))
+	while (!strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin))
 		string_list_append(&list, sb.buf);
 
 	print_columns(&list, colopts, &copts);
diff --git a/builtin/commit-graph.c b/builtin/commit-graph.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0bf0c48657
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin/commit-graph.c
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "lockfile.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "commit-graph.h"
+
+static char const * const builtin_commit_graph_usage[] = {
+	N_("git commit-graph [--object-dir <objdir>]"),
+	N_("git commit-graph read [--object-dir <objdir>]"),
+	N_("git commit-graph verify [--object-dir <objdir>]"),
+	N_("git commit-graph write [--object-dir <objdir>] [--append] [--reachable|--stdin-packs|--stdin-commits]"),
+	NULL
+};
+
+static const char * const builtin_commit_graph_verify_usage[] = {
+	N_("git commit-graph verify [--object-dir <objdir>]"),
+	NULL
+};
+
+static const char * const builtin_commit_graph_read_usage[] = {
+	N_("git commit-graph read [--object-dir <objdir>]"),
+	NULL
+};
+
+static const char * const builtin_commit_graph_write_usage[] = {
+	N_("git commit-graph write [--object-dir <objdir>] [--append] [--reachable|--stdin-packs|--stdin-commits]"),
+	NULL
+};
+
+static struct opts_commit_graph {
+	const char *obj_dir;
+	int reachable;
+	int stdin_packs;
+	int stdin_commits;
+	int append;
+} opts;
+
+
+static int graph_verify(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct commit_graph *graph = NULL;
+	char *graph_name;
+
+	static struct option builtin_commit_graph_verify_options[] = {
+		OPT_STRING(0, "object-dir", &opts.obj_dir,
+			   N_("dir"),
+			   N_("The object directory to store the graph")),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL,
+			     builtin_commit_graph_verify_options,
+			     builtin_commit_graph_verify_usage, 0);
+
+	if (!opts.obj_dir)
+		opts.obj_dir = get_object_directory();
+
+	graph_name = get_commit_graph_filename(opts.obj_dir);
+	graph = load_commit_graph_one(graph_name);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(graph_name);
+
+	if (!graph)
+		return 0;
+
+	return verify_commit_graph(the_repository, graph);
+}
+
+static int graph_read(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct commit_graph *graph = NULL;
+	char *graph_name;
+
+	static struct option builtin_commit_graph_read_options[] = {
+		OPT_STRING(0, "object-dir", &opts.obj_dir,
+			N_("dir"),
+			N_("The object directory to store the graph")),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL,
+			     builtin_commit_graph_read_options,
+			     builtin_commit_graph_read_usage, 0);
+
+	if (!opts.obj_dir)
+		opts.obj_dir = get_object_directory();
+
+	graph_name = get_commit_graph_filename(opts.obj_dir);
+	graph = load_commit_graph_one(graph_name);
+
+	if (!graph) {
+		UNLEAK(graph_name);
+		die("graph file %s does not exist", graph_name);
+	}
+
+	FREE_AND_NULL(graph_name);
+
+	printf("header: %08x %d %d %d %d\n",
+		ntohl(*(uint32_t*)graph->data),
+		*(unsigned char*)(graph->data + 4),
+		*(unsigned char*)(graph->data + 5),
+		*(unsigned char*)(graph->data + 6),
+		*(unsigned char*)(graph->data + 7));
+	printf("num_commits: %u\n", graph->num_commits);
+	printf("chunks:");
+
+	if (graph->chunk_oid_fanout)
+		printf(" oid_fanout");
+	if (graph->chunk_oid_lookup)
+		printf(" oid_lookup");
+	if (graph->chunk_commit_data)
+		printf(" commit_metadata");
+	if (graph->chunk_large_edges)
+		printf(" large_edges");
+	printf("\n");
+
+	free_commit_graph(graph);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int graph_write(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct string_list *pack_indexes = NULL;
+	struct string_list *commit_hex = NULL;
+	struct string_list lines;
+
+	static struct option builtin_commit_graph_write_options[] = {
+		OPT_STRING(0, "object-dir", &opts.obj_dir,
+			N_("dir"),
+			N_("The object directory to store the graph")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "reachable", &opts.reachable,
+			N_("start walk at all refs")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "stdin-packs", &opts.stdin_packs,
+			N_("scan pack-indexes listed by stdin for commits")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "stdin-commits", &opts.stdin_commits,
+			N_("start walk at commits listed by stdin")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "append", &opts.append,
+			N_("include all commits already in the commit-graph file")),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL,
+			     builtin_commit_graph_write_options,
+			     builtin_commit_graph_write_usage, 0);
+
+	if (opts.reachable + opts.stdin_packs + opts.stdin_commits > 1)
+		die(_("use at most one of --reachable, --stdin-commits, or --stdin-packs"));
+	if (!opts.obj_dir)
+		opts.obj_dir = get_object_directory();
+
+	if (opts.reachable) {
+		write_commit_graph_reachable(opts.obj_dir, opts.append);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	string_list_init(&lines, 0);
+	if (opts.stdin_packs || opts.stdin_commits) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin) != EOF)
+			string_list_append(&lines, strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL));
+
+		if (opts.stdin_packs)
+			pack_indexes = &lines;
+		if (opts.stdin_commits)
+			commit_hex = &lines;
+	}
+
+	write_commit_graph(opts.obj_dir,
+			   pack_indexes,
+			   commit_hex,
+			   opts.append);
+
+	string_list_clear(&lines, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int cmd_commit_graph(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	static struct option builtin_commit_graph_options[] = {
+		OPT_STRING(0, "object-dir", &opts.obj_dir,
+			N_("dir"),
+			N_("The object directory to store the graph")),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage_with_options(builtin_commit_graph_usage,
+				   builtin_commit_graph_options);
+
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix,
+			     builtin_commit_graph_options,
+			     builtin_commit_graph_usage,
+			     PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
+
+	if (argc > 0) {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[0], "read"))
+			return graph_read(argc, argv);
+		if (!strcmp(argv[0], "verify"))
+			return graph_verify(argc, argv);
+		if (!strcmp(argv[0], "write"))
+			return graph_write(argc, argv);
+	}
+
+	usage_with_options(builtin_commit_graph_usage,
+			   builtin_commit_graph_options);
+}
diff --git a/builtin/commit-tree.c b/builtin/commit-tree.c
index 25aa2cdef3..9ec36a82b6 100644
--- a/builtin/commit-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/commit-tree.c
@@ -4,23 +4,26 @@
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
 
-static const char commit_tree_usage[] = "git commit-tree [(-p <sha1>)...] [-S[<keyid>]] [-m <message>] [-F <file>] <sha1> <changelog";
+static const char commit_tree_usage[] = "git commit-tree [(-p <sha1>)...] [-S[<keyid>]] [-m <message>] [-F <file>] <sha1>";
 
 static const char *sign_commit;
 
 static void new_parent(struct commit *parent, struct commit_list **parents_p)
 {
-	unsigned char *sha1 = parent->object.sha1;
+	struct object_id *oid = &parent->object.oid;
 	struct commit_list *parents;
 	for (parents = *parents_p; parents; parents = parents->next) {
 		if (parents->item == parent) {
-			error("duplicate parent %s ignored", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			error("duplicate parent %s ignored", oid_to_hex(oid));
 			return;
 		}
 		parents_p = &parents->next;
@@ -33,10 +36,6 @@ static int commit_tree_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	int status = git_gpg_config(var, value, NULL);
 	if (status)
 		return status;
-	if (!strcmp(var, "commit.gpgsign")) {
-		sign_commit = git_config_bool(var, value) ? "" : NULL;
-		return 0;
-	}
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
@@ -44,8 +43,8 @@ int cmd_commit_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i, got_tree = 0;
 	struct commit_list *parents = NULL;
-	unsigned char tree_sha1[20];
-	unsigned char commit_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id tree_oid;
+	struct object_id commit_oid;
 	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	git_config(commit_tree_config, NULL);
@@ -56,13 +55,14 @@ int cmd_commit_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "-p")) {
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
+			struct object_id oid;
 			if (argc <= ++i)
 				usage(commit_tree_usage);
-			if (get_sha1_commit(argv[i], sha1))
+			if (get_oid_commit(argv[i], &oid))
 				die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[i]);
-			assert_sha1_type(sha1, OBJ_COMMIT);
-			new_parent(lookup_commit(sha1), &parents);
+			assert_oid_type(&oid, OBJ_COMMIT);
+			new_parent(lookup_commit(the_repository, &oid),
+						 &parents);
 			continue;
 		}
 
@@ -105,11 +105,10 @@ int cmd_commit_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			if (fd && close(fd))
 				die_errno("git commit-tree: failed to close '%s'",
 					  argv[i]);
-			strbuf_complete_line(&buffer);
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (get_sha1_tree(arg, tree_sha1))
+		if (get_oid_tree(arg, &tree_oid))
 			die("Not a valid object name %s", arg);
 		if (got_tree)
 			die("Cannot give more than one trees");
@@ -121,13 +120,13 @@ int cmd_commit_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			die_errno("git commit-tree: failed to read");
 	}
 
-	if (commit_tree(buffer.buf, buffer.len, tree_sha1, parents,
-			commit_sha1, NULL, sign_commit)) {
+	if (commit_tree(buffer.buf, buffer.len, &tree_oid, parents, &commit_oid,
+			NULL, sign_commit)) {
 		strbuf_release(&buffer);
 		return 1;
 	}
 
-	printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit_sha1));
+	printf("%s\n", oid_to_hex(&commit_oid));
 	strbuf_release(&buffer);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/commit.c b/builtin/commit.c
index 961e467242..0d9828e29e 100644
--- a/builtin/commit.c
+++ b/builtin/commit.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "color.h"
@@ -30,8 +31,8 @@
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
 #include "column.h"
 #include "sequencer.h"
-#include "notes-utils.h"
 #include "mailmap.h"
+#include "help.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_commit_usage[] = {
 	N_("git commit [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."),
@@ -43,31 +44,6 @@ static const char * const builtin_status_usage[] = {
 	NULL
 };
 
-static const char implicit_ident_advice_noconfig[] =
-N_("Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
-"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
-"your configuration file:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global --edit\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n");
-
-static const char implicit_ident_advice_config[] =
-N_("Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n");
-
 static const char empty_amend_advice[] =
 N_("You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
 "it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
@@ -91,8 +67,19 @@ N_("If you wish to skip this commit, use:\n"
 "Then \"git cherry-pick --continue\" will resume cherry-picking\n"
 "the remaining commits.\n");
 
+static const char *color_status_slots[] = {
+	[WT_STATUS_HEADER]	  = "header",
+	[WT_STATUS_UPDATED]	  = "updated",
+	[WT_STATUS_CHANGED]	  = "changed",
+	[WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED]	  = "untracked",
+	[WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH]	  = "noBranch",
+	[WT_STATUS_UNMERGED]	  = "unmerged",
+	[WT_STATUS_LOCAL_BRANCH]  = "localBranch",
+	[WT_STATUS_REMOTE_BRANCH] = "remoteBranch",
+	[WT_STATUS_ONBRANCH]	  = "branch",
+};
+
 static const char *use_message_buffer;
-static const char commit_editmsg[] = "COMMIT_EDITMSG";
 static struct lock_file index_lock; /* real index */
 static struct lock_file false_lock; /* used only for partial commits */
 static enum {
@@ -113,8 +100,9 @@ static char *fixup_message, *squash_message;
 static int all, also, interactive, patch_interactive, only, amend, signoff;
 static int edit_flag = -1; /* unspecified */
 static int quiet, verbose, no_verify, allow_empty, dry_run, renew_authorship;
+static int config_commit_verbose = -1; /* unspecified */
 static int no_post_rewrite, allow_empty_message;
-static char *untracked_files_arg, *force_date, *ignore_submodule_arg;
+static char *untracked_files_arg, *force_date, *ignore_submodule_arg, *ignored_arg;
 static char *sign_commit;
 
 /*
@@ -124,29 +112,33 @@ static char *sign_commit;
  * if editor is used, and only the whitespaces if the message
  * is specified explicitly.
  */
-static enum {
-	CLEANUP_SPACE,
-	CLEANUP_NONE,
-	CLEANUP_SCISSORS,
-	CLEANUP_ALL
-} cleanup_mode;
+static enum commit_msg_cleanup_mode cleanup_mode;
 static const char *cleanup_arg;
 
 static enum commit_whence whence;
 static int sequencer_in_use;
 static int use_editor = 1, include_status = 1;
-static int show_ignored_in_status, have_option_m;
-static const char *only_include_assumed;
+static int have_option_m;
 static struct strbuf message = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-static enum status_format {
-	STATUS_FORMAT_NONE = 0,
-	STATUS_FORMAT_LONG,
-	STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT,
-	STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN,
+static enum wt_status_format status_format = STATUS_FORMAT_UNSPECIFIED;
 
-	STATUS_FORMAT_UNSPECIFIED
-} status_format = STATUS_FORMAT_UNSPECIFIED;
+static int opt_parse_porcelain(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	enum wt_status_format *value = (enum wt_status_format *)opt->value;
+	if (unset)
+		*value = STATUS_FORMAT_NONE;
+	else if (!arg)
+		*value = STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "v1") || !strcmp(arg, "1"))
+		*value = STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "v2") || !strcmp(arg, "2"))
+		*value = STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN_V2;
+	else
+		die("unsupported porcelain version '%s'", arg);
+
+	return 0;
+}
 
 static int opt_parse_m(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
@@ -164,13 +156,23 @@ static int opt_parse_m(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int opt_parse_rename_score(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	const char **value = opt->value;
+	if (arg != NULL && *arg == '=')
+		arg = arg + 1;
+
+	*value = arg;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void determine_whence(struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	if (file_exists(git_path("MERGE_HEAD")))
+	if (file_exists(git_path_merge_head(the_repository)))
 		whence = FROM_MERGE;
-	else if (file_exists(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"))) {
+	else if (file_exists(git_path_cherry_pick_head(the_repository))) {
 		whence = FROM_CHERRY_PICK;
-		if (file_exists(git_path("sequencer")))
+		if (file_exists(git_path_seq_dir()))
 			sequencer_in_use = 1;
 	}
 	else
@@ -182,7 +184,7 @@ static void determine_whence(struct wt_status *s)
 static void status_init_config(struct wt_status *s, config_fn_t fn)
 {
 	wt_status_prepare(s);
-	gitmodules_config();
+	init_diff_ui_defaults();
 	git_config(fn, s);
 	determine_whence(s);
 	s->hints = advice_status_hints; /* must come after git_config() */
@@ -229,7 +231,7 @@ static int commit_index_files(void)
 static int list_paths(struct string_list *list, const char *with_tree,
 		      const char *prefix, const struct pathspec *pattern)
 {
-	int i;
+	int i, ret;
 	char *m;
 
 	if (!pattern->nr)
@@ -239,7 +241,7 @@ static int list_paths(struct string_list *list, const char *with_tree,
 
 	if (with_tree) {
 		char *max_prefix = common_prefix(pattern);
-		overlay_tree_on_cache(with_tree, max_prefix ? max_prefix : prefix);
+		overlay_tree_on_index(&the_index, with_tree, max_prefix);
 		free(max_prefix);
 	}
 
@@ -249,14 +251,16 @@ static int list_paths(struct string_list *list, const char *with_tree,
 
 		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE)
 			continue;
-		if (!ce_path_match(ce, pattern, m))
+		if (!ce_path_match(&the_index, ce, pattern, m))
 			continue;
 		item = string_list_insert(list, ce->name);
 		if (ce_skip_worktree(ce))
 			item->util = item; /* better a valid pointer than a fake one */
 	}
 
-	return report_path_error(m, pattern, prefix);
+	ret = report_path_error(m, pattern, prefix);
+	free(m);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static void add_remove_files(struct string_list *list)
@@ -297,7 +301,7 @@ static void create_base_index(const struct commit *current_head)
 	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
 
 	opts.fn = oneway_merge;
-	tree = parse_tree_indirect(current_head->object.sha1);
+	tree = parse_tree_indirect(&current_head->object.oid);
 	if (!tree)
 		die(_("failed to unpack HEAD tree object"));
 	parse_tree(tree);
@@ -319,9 +323,10 @@ static void refresh_cache_or_die(int refresh_flags)
 static const char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
 				 const struct commit *current_head, int is_status)
 {
-	struct string_list partial;
+	struct string_list partial = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	struct pathspec pathspec;
 	int refresh_flags = REFRESH_QUIET;
+	const char *ret;
 
 	if (is_status)
 		refresh_flags |= REFRESH_UNMERGED;
@@ -334,15 +339,15 @@ static const char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix
 
 	if (interactive) {
 		char *old_index_env = NULL;
-		hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
+		hold_locked_index(&index_lock, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 
 		refresh_cache_or_die(refresh_flags);
 
-		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &index_lock, CLOSE_LOCK))
+		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &index_lock, 0))
 			die(_("unable to create temporary index"));
 
 		old_index_env = getenv(INDEX_ENVIRONMENT);
-		setenv(INDEX_ENVIRONMENT, index_lock.filename.buf, 1);
+		setenv(INDEX_ENVIRONMENT, get_lock_file_path(&index_lock), 1);
 
 		if (interactive_add(argc, argv, prefix, patch_interactive) != 0)
 			die(_("interactive add failed"));
@@ -353,17 +358,18 @@ static const char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix
 			unsetenv(INDEX_ENVIRONMENT);
 
 		discard_cache();
-		read_cache_from(index_lock.filename.buf);
+		read_cache_from(get_lock_file_path(&index_lock));
 		if (update_main_cache_tree(WRITE_TREE_SILENT) == 0) {
 			if (reopen_lock_file(&index_lock) < 0)
 				die(_("unable to write index file"));
-			if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &index_lock, CLOSE_LOCK))
+			if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &index_lock, 0))
 				die(_("unable to update temporary index"));
 		} else
 			warning(_("Failed to update main cache tree"));
 
 		commit_style = COMMIT_NORMAL;
-		return index_lock.filename.buf;
+		ret = get_lock_file_path(&index_lock);
+		goto out;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -379,14 +385,15 @@ static const char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix
 	 * (B) on failure, rollback the real index.
 	 */
 	if (all || (also && pathspec.nr)) {
-		hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
+		hold_locked_index(&index_lock, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 		add_files_to_cache(also ? prefix : NULL, &pathspec, 0);
 		refresh_cache_or_die(refresh_flags);
 		update_main_cache_tree(WRITE_TREE_SILENT);
-		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &index_lock, CLOSE_LOCK))
+		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &index_lock, 0))
 			die(_("unable to write new_index file"));
 		commit_style = COMMIT_NORMAL;
-		return index_lock.filename.buf;
+		ret = get_lock_file_path(&index_lock);
+		goto out;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -399,22 +406,17 @@ static const char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix
 	 * We still need to refresh the index here.
 	 */
 	if (!only && !pathspec.nr) {
-		hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
+		hold_locked_index(&index_lock, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 		refresh_cache_or_die(refresh_flags);
 		if (active_cache_changed
-		    || !cache_tree_fully_valid(active_cache_tree)) {
+		    || !cache_tree_fully_valid(active_cache_tree))
 			update_main_cache_tree(WRITE_TREE_SILENT);
-			active_cache_changed = 1;
-		}
-		if (active_cache_changed) {
-			if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &index_lock,
-					       COMMIT_LOCK))
-				die(_("unable to write new_index file"));
-		} else {
-			rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
-		}
+		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &index_lock,
+				       COMMIT_LOCK | SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED))
+			die(_("unable to write new_index file"));
 		commit_style = COMMIT_AS_IS;
-		return get_index_file();
+		ret = get_index_file();
+		goto out;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -445,7 +447,6 @@ static const char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix
 			die(_("cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."));
 	}
 
-	string_list_init(&partial, 1);
 	if (list_paths(&partial, !current_head ? NULL : "HEAD", prefix, &pathspec))
 		exit(1);
 
@@ -453,11 +454,11 @@ static const char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		die(_("cannot read the index"));
 
-	hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
+	hold_locked_index(&index_lock, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 	add_remove_files(&partial);
 	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
 	update_main_cache_tree(WRITE_TREE_SILENT);
-	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &index_lock, CLOSE_LOCK))
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &index_lock, 0))
 		die(_("unable to write new_index file"));
 
 	hold_lock_file_for_update(&false_lock,
@@ -469,19 +470,22 @@ static const char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix
 	add_remove_files(&partial);
 	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
 
-	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &false_lock, CLOSE_LOCK))
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &false_lock, 0))
 		die(_("unable to write temporary index file"));
 
 	discard_cache();
-	read_cache_from(false_lock.filename.buf);
-
-	return false_lock.filename.buf;
+	ret = get_lock_file_path(&false_lock);
+	read_cache_from(ret);
+out:
+	string_list_clear(&partial, 0);
+	clear_pathspec(&pathspec);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static int run_status(FILE *fp, const char *index_file, const char *prefix, int nowarn,
 		      struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 
 	if (s->relative_paths)
 		s->prefix = prefix;
@@ -494,25 +498,14 @@ static int run_status(FILE *fp, const char *index_file, const char *prefix, int
 	s->index_file = index_file;
 	s->fp = fp;
 	s->nowarn = nowarn;
-	s->is_initial = get_sha1(s->reference, sha1) ? 1 : 0;
+	s->is_initial = get_oid(s->reference, &oid) ? 1 : 0;
+	if (!s->is_initial)
+		hashcpy(s->sha1_commit, oid.hash);
+	s->status_format = status_format;
+	s->ignore_submodule_arg = ignore_submodule_arg;
 
 	wt_status_collect(s);
-
-	switch (status_format) {
-	case STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT:
-		wt_shortstatus_print(s);
-		break;
-	case STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN:
-		wt_porcelain_print(s);
-		break;
-	case STATUS_FORMAT_UNSPECIFIED:
-		die("BUG: finalize_deferred_config() should have been called");
-		break;
-	case STATUS_FORMAT_NONE:
-	case STATUS_FORMAT_LONG:
-		wt_status_print(s);
-		break;
-	}
+	wt_status_print(s);
 
 	return s->commitable;
 }
@@ -525,7 +518,7 @@ static int is_a_merge(const struct commit *current_head)
 static void assert_split_ident(struct ident_split *id, const struct strbuf *buf)
 {
 	if (split_ident_line(id, buf->buf, buf->len) || !id->date_begin)
-		die("BUG: unable to parse our own ident: %s", buf->buf);
+		BUG("unable to parse our own ident: %s", buf->buf);
 }
 
 static void export_one(const char *var, const char *s, const char *e, int hack)
@@ -664,7 +657,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *hook_arg1 = NULL;
 	const char *hook_arg2 = NULL;
-	int clean_message_contents = (cleanup_mode != CLEANUP_NONE);
+	int clean_message_contents = (cleanup_mode != COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_NONE);
 	int old_display_comment_prefix;
 
 	/* This checks and barfs if author is badly specified */
@@ -692,7 +685,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (message.len) {
+	if (have_option_m && !fixup_message) {
 		strbuf_addbuf(&sb, &message);
 		hook_arg1 = "message";
 	} else if (logfile && !strcmp(logfile, "-")) {
@@ -710,7 +703,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 		char *buffer;
 		buffer = strstr(use_message_buffer, "\n\n");
 		if (buffer)
-			strbuf_addstr(&sb, buffer + 2);
+			strbuf_addstr(&sb, skip_blank_lines(buffer + 2));
 		hook_arg1 = "commit";
 		hook_arg2 = use_message;
 	} else if (fixup_message) {
@@ -722,13 +715,24 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 		ctx.output_encoding = get_commit_output_encoding();
 		format_commit_message(commit, "fixup! %s\n\n",
 				      &sb, &ctx);
+		if (have_option_m)
+			strbuf_addbuf(&sb, &message);
 		hook_arg1 = "message";
-	} else if (!stat(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), &statbuf)) {
-		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("MERGE_MSG"), 0) < 0)
+	} else if (!stat(git_path_merge_msg(the_repository), &statbuf)) {
+		/*
+		 * prepend SQUASH_MSG here if it exists and a
+		 * "merge --squash" was originally performed
+		 */
+		if (!stat(git_path_squash_msg(the_repository), &statbuf)) {
+			if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path_squash_msg(the_repository), 0) < 0)
+				die_errno(_("could not read SQUASH_MSG"));
+			hook_arg1 = "squash";
+		} else
+			hook_arg1 = "merge";
+		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path_merge_msg(the_repository), 0) < 0)
 			die_errno(_("could not read MERGE_MSG"));
-		hook_arg1 = "merge";
-	} else if (!stat(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"), &statbuf)) {
-		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("SQUASH_MSG"), 0) < 0)
+	} else if (!stat(git_path_squash_msg(the_repository), &statbuf)) {
+		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path_squash_msg(the_repository), 0) < 0)
 			die_errno(_("could not read SQUASH_MSG"));
 		hook_arg1 = "squash";
 	} else if (template_file) {
@@ -759,9 +763,9 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 		hook_arg2 = "";
 	}
 
-	s->fp = fopen(git_path(commit_editmsg), "w");
+	s->fp = fopen_for_writing(git_path_commit_editmsg());
 	if (s->fp == NULL)
-		die_errno(_("could not open '%s'"), git_path(commit_editmsg));
+		die_errno(_("could not open '%s'"), git_path_commit_editmsg());
 
 	/* Ignore status.displayCommentPrefix: we do need comments in COMMIT_EDITMSG. */
 	old_display_comment_prefix = s->display_comment_prefix;
@@ -774,10 +778,10 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 	s->hints = 0;
 
 	if (clean_message_contents)
-		stripspace(&sb, 0);
+		strbuf_stripspace(&sb, 0);
 
 	if (signoff)
-		append_signoff(&sb, ignore_non_trailer(&sb), 0);
+		append_signoff(&sb, ignore_non_trailer(sb.buf, sb.len), 0);
 
 	if (fwrite(sb.buf, 1, sb.len, s->fp) < sb.len)
 		die_errno(_("could not write commit template"));
@@ -794,7 +798,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 		struct ident_split ci, ai;
 
 		if (whence != FROM_COMMIT) {
-			if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_SCISSORS)
+			if (cleanup_mode == COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_SCISSORS)
 				wt_status_add_cut_line(s->fp);
 			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
 			    whence == FROM_MERGE
@@ -808,29 +812,27 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 					"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
 					"	%s\n"
 					"and try again.\n"),
-				git_path(whence == FROM_MERGE
-					 ? "MERGE_HEAD"
-					 : "CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
+				whence == FROM_MERGE ?
+					git_path_merge_head(the_repository) :
+					git_path_cherry_pick_head(the_repository));
 		}
 
 		fprintf(s->fp, "\n");
-		if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL)
+		if (cleanup_mode == COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_ALL)
 			status_printf(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
 				_("Please enter the commit message for your changes."
 				  " Lines starting\nwith '%c' will be ignored, and an empty"
 				  " message aborts the commit.\n"), comment_line_char);
-		else if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_SCISSORS && whence == FROM_COMMIT)
+		else if (cleanup_mode == COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_SCISSORS &&
+			 whence == FROM_COMMIT)
 			wt_status_add_cut_line(s->fp);
-		else /* CLEANUP_SPACE, that is. */
+		else /* COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_SPACE, that is. */
 			status_printf(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
 				_("Please enter the commit message for your changes."
 				  " Lines starting\n"
 				  "with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them"
 				  " yourself if you want to.\n"
 				  "An empty message aborts the commit.\n"), comment_line_char);
-		if (only_include_assumed)
-			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
-					"%s", only_include_assumed);
 
 		/*
 		 * These should never fail because they come from our own
@@ -854,7 +856,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 				_("%s"
 				"Date:      %s"),
 				ident_shown++ ? "" : "\n",
-				show_ident_date(&ai, DATE_NORMAL));
+				show_ident_date(&ai, DATE_MODE(NORMAL)));
 
 		if (!committer_ident_sufficiently_given())
 			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
@@ -864,15 +866,14 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 				(int)(ci.name_end - ci.name_begin), ci.name_begin,
 				(int)(ci.mail_end - ci.mail_begin), ci.mail_begin);
 
-		if (ident_shown)
-			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, "%s", "");
+		status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, "%s", ""); /* Add new line for clarity */
 
 		saved_color_setting = s->use_color;
 		s->use_color = 0;
 		commitable = run_status(s->fp, index_file, prefix, 1, s);
 		s->use_color = saved_color_setting;
 	} else {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		const char *parent = "HEAD";
 
 		if (!active_nr && read_cache() < 0)
@@ -881,9 +882,14 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 		if (amend)
 			parent = "HEAD^1";
 
-		if (get_sha1(parent, sha1))
-			commitable = !!active_nr;
-		else {
+		if (get_oid(parent, &oid)) {
+			int i, ita_nr = 0;
+
+			for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++)
+				if (ce_intent_to_add(active_cache[i]))
+					ita_nr++;
+			commitable = active_nr - ita_nr > 0;
+		} else {
 			/*
 			 * Unless the user did explicitly request a submodule
 			 * ignore mode by passing a command line option we do
@@ -893,11 +899,12 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 			 * submodules which were manually staged, which would
 			 * be really confusing.
 			 */
-			int diff_flags = DIFF_OPT_OVERRIDE_SUBMODULE_CONFIG;
+			struct diff_flags flags = DIFF_FLAGS_INIT;
+			flags.override_submodule_config = 1;
 			if (ignore_submodule_arg &&
 			    !strcmp(ignore_submodule_arg, "all"))
-				diff_flags |= DIFF_OPT_IGNORE_SUBMODULES;
-			commitable = index_differs_from(parent, diff_flags);
+				flags.ignore_submodules = 1;
+			commitable = index_differs_from(parent, &flags, 1);
 		}
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&committer_ident);
@@ -925,101 +932,45 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Re-read the index as pre-commit hook could have updated it,
-	 * and write it out as a tree.  We must do this before we invoke
-	 * the editor and after we invoke run_status above.
-	 */
-	discard_cache();
+	if (!no_verify && find_hook("pre-commit")) {
+		/*
+		 * Re-read the index as pre-commit hook could have updated it,
+		 * and write it out as a tree.  We must do this before we invoke
+		 * the editor and after we invoke run_status above.
+		 */
+		discard_cache();
+	}
 	read_cache_from(index_file);
+
 	if (update_main_cache_tree(0)) {
 		error(_("Error building trees"));
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	if (run_commit_hook(use_editor, index_file, "prepare-commit-msg",
-			    git_path(commit_editmsg), hook_arg1, hook_arg2, NULL))
+			    git_path_commit_editmsg(), hook_arg1, hook_arg2, NULL))
 		return 0;
 
 	if (use_editor) {
-		char index[PATH_MAX];
-		const char *env[2] = { NULL };
-		env[0] =  index;
-		snprintf(index, sizeof(index), "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s", index_file);
-		if (launch_editor(git_path(commit_editmsg), NULL, env)) {
+		struct argv_array env = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+
+		argv_array_pushf(&env, "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s", index_file);
+		if (launch_editor(git_path_commit_editmsg(), NULL, env.argv)) {
 			fprintf(stderr,
 			_("Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"));
 			exit(1);
 		}
+		argv_array_clear(&env);
 	}
 
 	if (!no_verify &&
-	    run_commit_hook(use_editor, index_file, "commit-msg", git_path(commit_editmsg), NULL)) {
+	    run_commit_hook(use_editor, index_file, "commit-msg", git_path_commit_editmsg(), NULL)) {
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int rest_is_empty(struct strbuf *sb, int start)
-{
-	int i, eol;
-	const char *nl;
-
-	/* Check if the rest is just whitespace and Signed-of-by's. */
-	for (i = start; i < sb->len; i++) {
-		nl = memchr(sb->buf + i, '\n', sb->len - i);
-		if (nl)
-			eol = nl - sb->buf;
-		else
-			eol = sb->len;
-
-		if (strlen(sign_off_header) <= eol - i &&
-		    starts_with(sb->buf + i, sign_off_header)) {
-			i = eol;
-			continue;
-		}
-		while (i < eol)
-			if (!isspace(sb->buf[i++]))
-				return 0;
-	}
-
-	return 1;
-}
-
-/*
- * Find out if the message in the strbuf contains only whitespace and
- * Signed-off-by lines.
- */
-static int message_is_empty(struct strbuf *sb)
-{
-	if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_NONE && sb->len)
-		return 0;
-	return rest_is_empty(sb, 0);
-}
-
-/*
- * See if the user edited the message in the editor or left what
- * was in the template intact
- */
-static int template_untouched(struct strbuf *sb)
-{
-	struct strbuf tmpl = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *start;
-
-	if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_NONE && sb->len)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (!template_file || strbuf_read_file(&tmpl, template_file, 0) <= 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	stripspace(&tmpl, cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL);
-	if (!skip_prefix(sb->buf, tmpl.buf, &start))
-		start = sb->buf;
-	strbuf_release(&tmpl);
-	return rest_is_empty(sb, start - sb->buf);
-}
-
 static const char *find_author_by_nickname(const char *name)
 {
 	struct rev_info revs;
@@ -1044,7 +995,7 @@ static const char *find_author_by_nickname(const char *name)
 	commit = get_revision(&revs);
 	if (commit) {
 		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
-		ctx.date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
+		ctx.date_mode.type = DATE_NORMAL;
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 		format_commit_message(commit, "%aN <%aE>", &buf, &ctx);
 		clear_mailmap(&mailmap);
@@ -1053,6 +1004,19 @@ static const char *find_author_by_nickname(const char *name)
 	die(_("--author '%s' is not 'Name <email>' and matches no existing author"), name);
 }
 
+static void handle_ignored_arg(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	if (!ignored_arg)
+		; /* default already initialized */
+	else if (!strcmp(ignored_arg, "traditional"))
+		s->show_ignored_mode = SHOW_TRADITIONAL_IGNORED;
+	else if (!strcmp(ignored_arg, "no"))
+		s->show_ignored_mode = SHOW_NO_IGNORED;
+	else if (!strcmp(ignored_arg, "matching"))
+		s->show_ignored_mode = SHOW_MATCHING_IGNORED;
+	else
+		die(_("Invalid ignored mode '%s'"), ignored_arg);
+}
 
 static void handle_untracked_files_arg(struct wt_status *s)
 {
@@ -1085,7 +1049,7 @@ static const char *read_commit_message(const char *name)
  * is not in effect here.
  */
 static struct status_deferred_config {
-	enum status_format status_format;
+	enum wt_status_format status_format;
 	int show_branch;
 } status_deferred_config = {
 	STATUS_FORMAT_UNSPECIFIED,
@@ -1095,6 +1059,7 @@ static struct status_deferred_config {
 static void finalize_deferred_config(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	int use_deferred_config = (status_format != STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN &&
+				   status_format != STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN_V2 &&
 				   !s->null_termination);
 
 	if (s->null_termination) {
@@ -1114,6 +1079,9 @@ static void finalize_deferred_config(struct wt_status *s)
 		s->show_branch = status_deferred_config.show_branch;
 	if (s->show_branch < 0)
 		s->show_branch = 0;
+
+	if (s->ahead_behind_flags == AHEAD_BEHIND_UNSPECIFIED)
+		s->ahead_behind_flags = AHEAD_BEHIND_FULL;
 }
 
 static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
@@ -1160,9 +1128,9 @@ static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
 		f++;
 	if (f > 1)
 		die(_("Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."));
-	if (message.len && f > 0)
-		die((_("Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup.")));
-	if (f || message.len)
+	if (have_option_m && (edit_message || use_message || logfile))
+		die((_("Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F.")));
+	if (f || have_option_m)
 		template_file = NULL;
 	if (edit_message)
 		use_message = edit_message;
@@ -1187,22 +1155,20 @@ static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
 
 	if (also + only + all + interactive > 1)
 		die(_("Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."));
-	if (argc == 0 && (also || (only && !amend)))
+	if (argc == 0 && (also || (only && !amend && !allow_empty)))
 		die(_("No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."));
-	if (argc == 0 && only && amend)
-		only_include_assumed = _("Clever... amending the last one with dirty index.");
-	if (argc > 0 && !also && !only)
-		only_include_assumed = _("Explicit paths specified without -i or -o; assuming --only paths...");
 	if (!cleanup_arg || !strcmp(cleanup_arg, "default"))
-		cleanup_mode = use_editor ? CLEANUP_ALL : CLEANUP_SPACE;
+		cleanup_mode = use_editor ? COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_ALL :
+					    COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_SPACE;
 	else if (!strcmp(cleanup_arg, "verbatim"))
-		cleanup_mode = CLEANUP_NONE;
+		cleanup_mode = COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_NONE;
 	else if (!strcmp(cleanup_arg, "whitespace"))
-		cleanup_mode = CLEANUP_SPACE;
+		cleanup_mode = COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_SPACE;
 	else if (!strcmp(cleanup_arg, "strip"))
-		cleanup_mode = CLEANUP_ALL;
+		cleanup_mode = COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_ALL;
 	else if (!strcmp(cleanup_arg, "scissors"))
-		cleanup_mode = use_editor ? CLEANUP_SCISSORS : CLEANUP_SPACE;
+		cleanup_mode = use_editor ? COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_SCISSORS :
+					    COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_SPACE;
 	else
 		die(_("Invalid cleanup mode %s"), cleanup_arg);
 
@@ -1230,23 +1196,14 @@ static int dry_run_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
 	return commitable ? 0 : 1;
 }
 
+define_list_config_array_extra(color_status_slots, {"added"});
+
 static int parse_status_slot(const char *slot)
 {
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "header"))
-		return WT_STATUS_HEADER;
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "branch"))
-		return WT_STATUS_ONBRANCH;
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "updated") || !strcasecmp(slot, "added"))
+	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "added"))
 		return WT_STATUS_UPDATED;
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "changed"))
-		return WT_STATUS_CHANGED;
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "untracked"))
-		return WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED;
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "nobranch"))
-		return WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH;
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "unmerged"))
-		return WT_STATUS_UNMERGED;
-	return -1;
+
+	return LOOKUP_CONFIG(color_status_slots, slot);
 }
 
 static int git_status_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
@@ -1274,6 +1231,10 @@ static int git_status_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 		status_deferred_config.show_branch = git_config_bool(k, v);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "status.showstash")) {
+		s->show_stash = git_config_bool(k, v);
+		return 0;
+	}
 	if (!strcmp(k, "status.color") || !strcmp(k, "color.status")) {
 		s->use_color = git_config_colorbool(k, v);
 		return 0;
@@ -1308,23 +1269,47 @@ static int git_status_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 			return error(_("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"), v);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "diff.renamelimit")) {
+		if (s->rename_limit == -1)
+			s->rename_limit = git_config_int(k, v);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "status.renamelimit")) {
+		s->rename_limit = git_config_int(k, v);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "diff.renames")) {
+		if (s->detect_rename == -1)
+			s->detect_rename = git_config_rename(k, v);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "status.renames")) {
+		s->detect_rename = git_config_rename(k, v);
+		return 0;
+	}
 	return git_diff_ui_config(k, v, NULL);
 }
 
 int cmd_status(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
+	static int no_renames = -1;
+	static const char *rename_score_arg = (const char *)-1;
 	static struct wt_status s;
 	int fd;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	static struct option builtin_status_options[] = {
 		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("be verbose")),
 		OPT_SET_INT('s', "short", &status_format,
 			    N_("show status concisely"), STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT),
 		OPT_BOOL('b', "branch", &s.show_branch,
 			 N_("show branch information")),
-		OPT_SET_INT(0, "porcelain", &status_format,
-			    N_("machine-readable output"),
-			    STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "show-stash", &s.show_stash,
+			 N_("show stash information")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "ahead-behind", &s.ahead_behind_flags,
+			 N_("compute full ahead/behind values")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "porcelain", &status_format,
+		  N_("version"), N_("machine-readable output"),
+		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, opt_parse_porcelain },
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "long", &status_format,
 			    N_("show status in long format (default)"),
 			    STATUS_FORMAT_LONG),
@@ -1334,12 +1319,18 @@ int cmd_status(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		  N_("mode"),
 		  N_("show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)"all" },
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "ignored", &show_ignored_in_status,
-			 N_("show ignored files")),
+		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "ignored", &ignored_arg,
+		  N_("mode"),
+		  N_("show ignored files, optional modes: traditional, matching, no. (Default: traditional)"),
+		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)"traditional" },
 		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "ignore-submodules", &ignore_submodule_arg, N_("when"),
 		  N_("ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. (Default: all)"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)"all" },
 		OPT_COLUMN(0, "column", &s.colopts, N_("list untracked files in columns")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "no-renames", &no_renames, N_("do not detect renames")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'M', "find-renames", &rename_score_arg,
+		  N_("n"), N_("detect renames, optionally set similarity index"),
+		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, opt_parse_rename_score },
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
@@ -1354,8 +1345,12 @@ int cmd_status(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	finalize_deferred_config(&s);
 
 	handle_untracked_files_arg(&s);
-	if (show_ignored_in_status)
-		s.show_ignored_files = 1;
+	handle_ignored_arg(&s);
+
+	if (s.show_ignored_mode == SHOW_MATCHING_IGNORED &&
+	    s.show_untracked_files == SHOW_NO_UNTRACKED_FILES)
+		die(_("Unsupported combination of ignored and untracked-files arguments"));
+
 	parse_pathspec(&s.pathspec, 0,
 		       PATHSPEC_PREFER_FULL,
 		       prefix, argv);
@@ -1363,128 +1358,37 @@ int cmd_status(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	read_cache_preload(&s.pathspec);
 	refresh_index(&the_index, REFRESH_QUIET|REFRESH_UNMERGED, &s.pathspec, NULL, NULL);
 
-	fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 0);
-	if (0 <= fd)
-		update_index_if_able(&the_index, &index_lock);
-
-	s.is_initial = get_sha1(s.reference, sha1) ? 1 : 0;
-	s.ignore_submodule_arg = ignore_submodule_arg;
-	wt_status_collect(&s);
-
-	if (s.relative_paths)
-		s.prefix = prefix;
-
-	switch (status_format) {
-	case STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT:
-		wt_shortstatus_print(&s);
-		break;
-	case STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN:
-		wt_porcelain_print(&s);
-		break;
-	case STATUS_FORMAT_UNSPECIFIED:
-		die("BUG: finalize_deferred_config() should have been called");
-		break;
-	case STATUS_FORMAT_NONE:
-	case STATUS_FORMAT_LONG:
-		s.verbose = verbose;
-		s.ignore_submodule_arg = ignore_submodule_arg;
-		wt_status_print(&s);
-		break;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static const char *implicit_ident_advice(void)
-{
-	char *user_config = NULL;
-	char *xdg_config = NULL;
-	int config_exists;
-
-	home_config_paths(&user_config, &xdg_config, "config");
-	config_exists = file_exists(user_config) || file_exists(xdg_config);
-	free(user_config);
-	free(xdg_config);
-
-	if (config_exists)
-		return _(implicit_ident_advice_config);
+	if (use_optional_locks())
+		fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 0);
 	else
-		return _(implicit_ident_advice_noconfig);
+		fd = -1;
 
-}
+	s.is_initial = get_oid(s.reference, &oid) ? 1 : 0;
+	if (!s.is_initial)
+		hashcpy(s.sha1_commit, oid.hash);
 
-static void print_summary(const char *prefix, const unsigned char *sha1,
-			  int initial_commit)
-{
-	struct rev_info rev;
-	struct commit *commit;
-	struct strbuf format = STRBUF_INIT;
-	unsigned char junk_sha1[20];
-	const char *head;
-	struct pretty_print_context pctx = {0};
-	struct strbuf author_ident = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf committer_ident = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	commit = lookup_commit(sha1);
-	if (!commit)
-		die(_("couldn't look up newly created commit"));
-	if (parse_commit(commit))
-		die(_("could not parse newly created commit"));
-
-	strbuf_addstr(&format, "format:%h] %s");
-
-	format_commit_message(commit, "%an <%ae>", &author_ident, &pctx);
-	format_commit_message(commit, "%cn <%ce>", &committer_ident, &pctx);
-	if (strbuf_cmp(&author_ident, &committer_ident)) {
-		strbuf_addstr(&format, "\n Author: ");
-		strbuf_addbuf_percentquote(&format, &author_ident);
-	}
-	if (author_date_is_interesting()) {
-		struct strbuf date = STRBUF_INIT;
-		format_commit_message(commit, "%ad", &date, &pctx);
-		strbuf_addstr(&format, "\n Date: ");
-		strbuf_addbuf_percentquote(&format, &date);
-		strbuf_release(&date);
-	}
-	if (!committer_ident_sufficiently_given()) {
-		strbuf_addstr(&format, "\n Committer: ");
-		strbuf_addbuf_percentquote(&format, &committer_ident);
-		if (advice_implicit_identity) {
-			strbuf_addch(&format, '\n');
-			strbuf_addstr(&format, implicit_ident_advice());
-		}
+	s.ignore_submodule_arg = ignore_submodule_arg;
+	s.status_format = status_format;
+	s.verbose = verbose;
+	if (no_renames != -1)
+		s.detect_rename = !no_renames;
+	if ((intptr_t)rename_score_arg != -1) {
+		if (s.detect_rename < DIFF_DETECT_RENAME)
+			s.detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
+		if (rename_score_arg)
+			s.rename_score = parse_rename_score(&rename_score_arg);
 	}
-	strbuf_release(&author_ident);
-	strbuf_release(&committer_ident);
-
-	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
-	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
-
-	rev.diff = 1;
-	rev.diffopt.output_format =
-		DIFF_FORMAT_SHORTSTAT | DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY;
 
-	rev.verbose_header = 1;
-	rev.show_root_diff = 1;
-	get_commit_format(format.buf, &rev);
-	rev.always_show_header = 0;
-	rev.diffopt.detect_rename = 1;
-	rev.diffopt.break_opt = 0;
-	diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt);
+	wt_status_collect(&s);
 
-	head = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", 0, junk_sha1, NULL);
-	if (!strcmp(head, "HEAD"))
-		head = _("detached HEAD");
-	else
-		skip_prefix(head, "refs/heads/", &head);
-	printf("[%s%s ", head, initial_commit ? _(" (root-commit)") : "");
+	if (0 <= fd)
+		update_index_if_able(&the_index, &index_lock);
 
-	if (!log_tree_commit(&rev, commit)) {
-		rev.always_show_header = 1;
-		rev.use_terminator = 1;
-		log_tree_commit(&rev, commit);
-	}
+	if (s.relative_paths)
+		s.prefix = prefix;
 
-	strbuf_release(&format);
+	wt_status_print(&s);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int git_commit_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
@@ -1504,6 +1408,11 @@ static int git_commit_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 		sign_commit = git_config_bool(k, v) ? "" : NULL;
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "commit.verbose")) {
+		int is_bool;
+		config_commit_verbose = git_config_bool_or_int(k, v, &is_bool);
+		return 0;
+	}
 
 	status = git_gpg_config(k, v, NULL);
 	if (status)
@@ -1511,62 +1420,31 @@ static int git_commit_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 	return git_status_config(k, v, s);
 }
 
-static int run_rewrite_hook(const unsigned char *oldsha1,
-			    const unsigned char *newsha1)
-{
-	/* oldsha1 SP newsha1 LF NUL */
-	static char buf[2*40 + 3];
-	struct child_process proc = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-	const char *argv[3];
-	int code;
-	size_t n;
-
-	argv[0] = find_hook("post-rewrite");
-	if (!argv[0])
-		return 0;
-
-	argv[1] = "amend";
-	argv[2] = NULL;
-
-	proc.argv = argv;
-	proc.in = -1;
-	proc.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
-
-	code = start_command(&proc);
-	if (code)
-		return code;
-	n = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s %s\n",
-		     sha1_to_hex(oldsha1), sha1_to_hex(newsha1));
-	write_in_full(proc.in, buf, n);
-	close(proc.in);
-	return finish_command(&proc);
-}
-
 int run_commit_hook(int editor_is_used, const char *index_file, const char *name, ...)
 {
-	const char *hook_env[3] =  { NULL };
-	char index[PATH_MAX];
+	struct argv_array hook_env = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 	va_list args;
 	int ret;
 
-	snprintf(index, sizeof(index), "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s", index_file);
-	hook_env[0] = index;
+	argv_array_pushf(&hook_env, "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s", index_file);
 
 	/*
 	 * Let the hook know that no editor will be launched.
 	 */
 	if (!editor_is_used)
-		hook_env[1] = "GIT_EDITOR=:";
+		argv_array_push(&hook_env, "GIT_EDITOR=:");
 
 	va_start(args, name);
-	ret = run_hook_ve(hook_env, name, args);
+	ret = run_hook_ve(hook_env.argv,name, args);
 	va_end(args);
+	argv_array_clear(&hook_env);
 
 	return ret;
 }
 
 int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
+	const char *argv_gc_auto[] = {"gc", "--auto", NULL};
 	static struct wt_status s;
 	static struct option builtin_commit_options[] = {
 		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("suppress summary after successful commit")),
@@ -1597,11 +1475,13 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "interactive", &interactive, N_("interactively add files")),
 		OPT_BOOL('p', "patch", &patch_interactive, N_("interactively add changes")),
 		OPT_BOOL('o', "only", &only, N_("commit only specified files")),
-		OPT_BOOL('n', "no-verify", &no_verify, N_("bypass pre-commit hook")),
+		OPT_BOOL('n', "no-verify", &no_verify, N_("bypass pre-commit and commit-msg hooks")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "dry-run", &dry_run, N_("show what would be committed")),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "short", &status_format, N_("show status concisely"),
 			    STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "branch", &s.show_branch, N_("show branch information")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "ahead-behind", &s.ahead_behind_flags,
+			 N_("compute full ahead/behind values")),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "porcelain", &status_format,
 			    N_("machine-readable output"), STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "long", &status_format,
@@ -1625,32 +1505,35 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf author_ident = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *index_file, *reflog_msg;
-	char *nl;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	struct commit_list *parents = NULL, **pptr = &parents;
+	struct object_id oid;
+	struct commit_list *parents = NULL;
 	struct stat statbuf;
 	struct commit *current_head = NULL;
 	struct commit_extra_header *extra = NULL;
-	struct ref_transaction *transaction;
 	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 		usage_with_options(builtin_commit_usage, builtin_commit_options);
 
 	status_init_config(&s, git_commit_config);
+	s.commit_template = 1;
 	status_format = STATUS_FORMAT_NONE; /* Ignore status.short */
 	s.colopts = 0;
 
-	if (get_sha1("HEAD", sha1))
+	if (get_oid("HEAD", &oid))
 		current_head = NULL;
 	else {
-		current_head = lookup_commit_or_die(sha1, "HEAD");
+		current_head = lookup_commit_or_die(&oid, "HEAD");
 		if (parse_commit(current_head))
 			die(_("could not parse HEAD commit"));
 	}
+	verbose = -1; /* unspecified */
 	argc = parse_and_validate_options(argc, argv, builtin_commit_options,
 					  builtin_commit_usage,
 					  prefix, current_head, &s);
+	if (verbose == -1)
+		verbose = (config_commit_verbose < 0) ? 0 : config_commit_verbose;
+
 	if (dry_run)
 		return dry_run_commit(argc, argv, prefix, current_head, &s);
 	index_file = prepare_index(argc, argv, prefix, current_head, 0);
@@ -1669,72 +1552,67 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (!reflog_msg)
 			reflog_msg = "commit (initial)";
 	} else if (amend) {
-		struct commit_list *c;
-
 		if (!reflog_msg)
 			reflog_msg = "commit (amend)";
-		for (c = current_head->parents; c; c = c->next)
-			pptr = &commit_list_insert(c->item, pptr)->next;
+		parents = copy_commit_list(current_head->parents);
 	} else if (whence == FROM_MERGE) {
 		struct strbuf m = STRBUF_INIT;
 		FILE *fp;
 		int allow_fast_forward = 1;
+		struct commit_list **pptr = &parents;
 
 		if (!reflog_msg)
 			reflog_msg = "commit (merge)";
-		pptr = &commit_list_insert(current_head, pptr)->next;
-		fp = fopen(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), "r");
-		if (fp == NULL)
-			die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading"),
-				  git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
-		while (strbuf_getline(&m, fp, '\n') != EOF) {
+		pptr = commit_list_append(current_head, pptr);
+		fp = xfopen(git_path_merge_head(the_repository), "r");
+		while (strbuf_getline_lf(&m, fp) != EOF) {
 			struct commit *parent;
 
 			parent = get_merge_parent(m.buf);
 			if (!parent)
 				die(_("Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"), m.buf);
-			pptr = &commit_list_insert(parent, pptr)->next;
+			pptr = commit_list_append(parent, pptr);
 		}
 		fclose(fp);
 		strbuf_release(&m);
-		if (!stat(git_path("MERGE_MODE"), &statbuf)) {
-			if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("MERGE_MODE"), 0) < 0)
+		if (!stat(git_path_merge_mode(the_repository), &statbuf)) {
+			if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path_merge_mode(the_repository), 0) < 0)
 				die_errno(_("could not read MERGE_MODE"));
 			if (!strcmp(sb.buf, "no-ff"))
 				allow_fast_forward = 0;
 		}
 		if (allow_fast_forward)
-			parents = reduce_heads(parents);
+			reduce_heads_replace(&parents);
 	} else {
 		if (!reflog_msg)
 			reflog_msg = (whence == FROM_CHERRY_PICK)
 					? "commit (cherry-pick)"
 					: "commit";
-		pptr = &commit_list_insert(current_head, pptr)->next;
+		commit_list_insert(current_head, &parents);
 	}
 
 	/* Finally, get the commit message */
 	strbuf_reset(&sb);
-	if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path(commit_editmsg), 0) < 0) {
+	if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path_commit_editmsg(), 0) < 0) {
 		int saved_errno = errno;
 		rollback_index_files();
 		die(_("could not read commit message: %s"), strerror(saved_errno));
 	}
 
 	if (verbose || /* Truncate the message just before the diff, if any. */
-	    cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_SCISSORS)
-		wt_status_truncate_message_at_cut_line(&sb);
+	    cleanup_mode == COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_SCISSORS)
+		strbuf_setlen(&sb, wt_status_locate_end(sb.buf, sb.len));
+	if (cleanup_mode != COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_NONE)
+		strbuf_stripspace(&sb, cleanup_mode == COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_ALL);
 
-	if (cleanup_mode != CLEANUP_NONE)
-		stripspace(&sb, cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL);
-	if (template_untouched(&sb) && !allow_empty_message) {
+	if (message_is_empty(&sb, cleanup_mode) && !allow_empty_message) {
 		rollback_index_files();
-		fprintf(stderr, _("Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"));
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"));
 		exit(1);
 	}
-	if (message_is_empty(&sb) && !allow_empty_message) {
+	if (template_untouched(&sb, template_file, cleanup_mode) && !allow_empty_message) {
 		rollback_index_files();
-		fprintf(stderr, _("Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"));
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"));
 		exit(1);
 	}
 
@@ -1746,61 +1624,50 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		append_merge_tag_headers(parents, &tail);
 	}
 
-	if (commit_tree_extended(sb.buf, sb.len, active_cache_tree->sha1,
-			 parents, sha1, author_ident.buf, sign_commit, extra)) {
+	if (commit_tree_extended(sb.buf, sb.len, &active_cache_tree->oid,
+				 parents, &oid, author_ident.buf, sign_commit,
+				 extra)) {
 		rollback_index_files();
 		die(_("failed to write commit object"));
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&author_ident);
 	free_commit_extra_headers(extra);
 
-	nl = strchr(sb.buf, '\n');
-	if (nl)
-		strbuf_setlen(&sb, nl + 1 - sb.buf);
-	else
-		strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
-	strbuf_insert(&sb, 0, reflog_msg, strlen(reflog_msg));
-	strbuf_insert(&sb, strlen(reflog_msg), ": ", 2);
-
-	transaction = ref_transaction_begin(&err);
-	if (!transaction ||
-	    ref_transaction_update(transaction, "HEAD", sha1,
-				   current_head
-				   ? current_head->object.sha1 : null_sha1,
-				   0, sb.buf, &err) ||
-	    ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err)) {
+	if (update_head_with_reflog(current_head, &oid, reflog_msg, &sb,
+				    &err)) {
 		rollback_index_files();
 		die("%s", err.buf);
 	}
-	ref_transaction_free(transaction);
 
-	unlink(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
-	unlink(git_path("REVERT_HEAD"));
-	unlink(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
-	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
-	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
-	unlink(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"));
+	unlink(git_path_cherry_pick_head(the_repository));
+	unlink(git_path_revert_head(the_repository));
+	unlink(git_path_merge_head(the_repository));
+	unlink(git_path_merge_msg(the_repository));
+	unlink(git_path_merge_mode(the_repository));
+	unlink(git_path_squash_msg(the_repository));
 
 	if (commit_index_files())
-		die (_("Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
-		     "new_index file. Check that disk is not full and quota is\n"
-		     "not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."));
+		die(_("repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+		      "new_index file. Check that disk is not full and quota is\n"
+		      "not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."));
 
 	rerere(0);
+	run_command_v_opt(argv_gc_auto, RUN_GIT_CMD);
 	run_commit_hook(use_editor, get_index_file(), "post-commit", NULL);
 	if (amend && !no_post_rewrite) {
-		struct notes_rewrite_cfg *cfg;
-		cfg = init_copy_notes_for_rewrite("amend");
-		if (cfg) {
-			/* we are amending, so current_head is not NULL */
-			copy_note_for_rewrite(cfg, current_head->object.sha1, sha1);
-			finish_copy_notes_for_rewrite(cfg, "Notes added by 'git commit --amend'");
-		}
-		run_rewrite_hook(current_head->object.sha1, sha1);
+		commit_post_rewrite(current_head, &oid);
+	}
+	if (!quiet) {
+		unsigned int flags = 0;
+
+		if (!current_head)
+			flags |= SUMMARY_INITIAL_COMMIT;
+		if (author_date_is_interesting())
+			flags |= SUMMARY_SHOW_AUTHOR_DATE;
+		print_commit_summary(prefix, &oid, flags);
 	}
-	if (!quiet)
-		print_summary(prefix, sha1, !current_head);
 
-	strbuf_release(&err);
+	UNLEAK(err);
+	UNLEAK(sb);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/config.c b/builtin/config.c
index d32c5327e5..97b58c4aea 100644
--- a/builtin/config.c
+++ b/builtin/config.c
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "color.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "urlmatch.h"
+#include "quote.h"
 
 static const char *const builtin_config_usage[] = {
 	N_("git config [<options>]"),
@@ -13,6 +15,7 @@ static char *key;
 static regex_t *key_regexp;
 static regex_t *regexp;
 static int show_keys;
+static int omit_values;
 static int use_key_regexp;
 static int do_all;
 static int do_not_match;
@@ -22,10 +25,12 @@ static char term = '\n';
 
 static int use_global_config, use_system_config, use_local_config;
 static struct git_config_source given_config_source;
-static int actions, types;
-static const char *get_color_slot, *get_colorbool_slot;
+static int actions, type;
+static char *default_value;
 static int end_null;
-static int respect_includes = -1;
+static int respect_includes_opt = -1;
+static struct config_options config_options;
+static int show_origin;
 
 #define ACTION_GET (1<<0)
 #define ACTION_GET_ALL (1<<1)
@@ -44,10 +49,74 @@ static int respect_includes = -1;
 #define ACTION_GET_COLORBOOL (1<<14)
 #define ACTION_GET_URLMATCH (1<<15)
 
-#define TYPE_BOOL (1<<0)
-#define TYPE_INT (1<<1)
-#define TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT (1<<2)
-#define TYPE_PATH (1<<3)
+/*
+ * The actions "ACTION_LIST | ACTION_GET_*" which may produce more than
+ * one line of output and which should therefore be paged.
+ */
+#define PAGING_ACTIONS (ACTION_LIST | ACTION_GET_ALL | \
+			ACTION_GET_REGEXP | ACTION_GET_URLMATCH)
+
+#define TYPE_BOOL		1
+#define TYPE_INT		2
+#define TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT	3
+#define TYPE_PATH		4
+#define TYPE_EXPIRY_DATE	5
+#define TYPE_COLOR		6
+
+#define OPT_CALLBACK_VALUE(s, l, v, h, i) \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), NULL, (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG | \
+	PARSE_OPT_NONEG, option_parse_type, (i) }
+
+static NORETURN void usage_builtin_config(void);
+
+static int option_parse_type(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+			     int unset)
+{
+	int new_type, *to_type;
+
+	if (unset) {
+		*((int *) opt->value) = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * To support '--<type>' style flags, begin with new_type equal to
+	 * opt->defval.
+	 */
+	new_type = opt->defval;
+	if (!new_type) {
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "bool"))
+			new_type = TYPE_BOOL;
+		else if (!strcmp(arg, "int"))
+			new_type = TYPE_INT;
+		else if (!strcmp(arg, "bool-or-int"))
+			new_type = TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT;
+		else if (!strcmp(arg, "path"))
+			new_type = TYPE_PATH;
+		else if (!strcmp(arg, "expiry-date"))
+			new_type = TYPE_EXPIRY_DATE;
+		else if (!strcmp(arg, "color"))
+			new_type = TYPE_COLOR;
+		else
+			die(_("unrecognized --type argument, %s"), arg);
+	}
+
+	to_type = opt->value;
+	if (*to_type && *to_type != new_type) {
+		/*
+		 * Complain when there is a new type not equal to the old type.
+		 * This allows for combinations like '--int --type=int' and
+		 * '--type=int --type=int', but disallows ones like '--type=bool
+		 * --int' and '--type=bool
+		 * --type=int'.
+		 */
+		error(_("only one type at a time"));
+		usage_builtin_config();
+	}
+	*to_type = new_type;
+
+	return 0;
+}
 
 static struct option builtin_config_options[] = {
 	OPT_GROUP(N_("Config file location")),
@@ -72,26 +141,60 @@ static struct option builtin_config_options[] = {
 	OPT_BIT(0, "get-color", &actions, N_("find the color configured: slot [default]"), ACTION_GET_COLOR),
 	OPT_BIT(0, "get-colorbool", &actions, N_("find the color setting: slot [stdout-is-tty]"), ACTION_GET_COLORBOOL),
 	OPT_GROUP(N_("Type")),
-	OPT_BIT(0, "bool", &types, N_("value is \"true\" or \"false\""), TYPE_BOOL),
-	OPT_BIT(0, "int", &types, N_("value is decimal number"), TYPE_INT),
-	OPT_BIT(0, "bool-or-int", &types, N_("value is --bool or --int"), TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT),
-	OPT_BIT(0, "path", &types, N_("value is a path (file or directory name)"), TYPE_PATH),
+	OPT_CALLBACK('t', "type", &type, "", N_("value is given this type"), option_parse_type),
+	OPT_CALLBACK_VALUE(0, "bool", &type, N_("value is \"true\" or \"false\""), TYPE_BOOL),
+	OPT_CALLBACK_VALUE(0, "int", &type, N_("value is decimal number"), TYPE_INT),
+	OPT_CALLBACK_VALUE(0, "bool-or-int", &type, N_("value is --bool or --int"), TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT),
+	OPT_CALLBACK_VALUE(0, "path", &type, N_("value is a path (file or directory name)"), TYPE_PATH),
+	OPT_CALLBACK_VALUE(0, "expiry-date", &type, N_("value is an expiry date"), TYPE_EXPIRY_DATE),
 	OPT_GROUP(N_("Other")),
 	OPT_BOOL('z', "null", &end_null, N_("terminate values with NUL byte")),
-	OPT_BOOL(0, "includes", &respect_includes, N_("respect include directives on lookup")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "name-only", &omit_values, N_("show variable names only")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "includes", &respect_includes_opt, N_("respect include directives on lookup")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "show-origin", &show_origin, N_("show origin of config (file, standard input, blob, command line)")),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "default", &default_value, N_("value"), N_("with --get, use default value when missing entry")),
 	OPT_END(),
 };
 
+static NORETURN void usage_builtin_config(void)
+{
+	usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
+}
+
 static void check_argc(int argc, int min, int max) {
 	if (argc >= min && argc <= max)
 		return;
-	error("wrong number of arguments");
-	usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
+	if (min == max)
+		error(_("wrong number of arguments, should be %d"), min);
+	else
+		error(_("wrong number of arguments, should be from %d to %d"),
+		      min, max);
+	usage_builtin_config();
+}
+
+static void show_config_origin(struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	const char term = end_null ? '\0' : '\t';
+
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, current_config_origin_type());
+	strbuf_addch(buf, ':');
+	if (end_null)
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, current_config_name());
+	else
+		quote_c_style(current_config_name(), buf, NULL, 0);
+	strbuf_addch(buf, term);
 }
 
 static int show_all_config(const char *key_, const char *value_, void *cb)
 {
-	if (value_)
+	if (show_origin) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		show_config_origin(&buf);
+		/* Use fwrite as "buf" can contain \0's if "end_null" is set. */
+		fwrite(buf.buf, 1, buf.len, stdout);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+	}
+	if (!omit_values && value_)
 		printf("%s%c%s%c", key_, delim, value_, term);
 	else
 		printf("%s%c", key_, term);
@@ -106,48 +209,52 @@ struct strbuf_list {
 
 static int format_config(struct strbuf *buf, const char *key_, const char *value_)
 {
-	int must_free_vptr = 0;
-	int must_print_delim = 0;
-	char value[256];
-	const char *vptr = value;
-
-	strbuf_init(buf, 0);
-
-	if (show_keys) {
+	if (show_origin)
+		show_config_origin(buf);
+	if (show_keys)
 		strbuf_addstr(buf, key_);
-		must_print_delim = 1;
-	}
-	if (types == TYPE_INT)
-		sprintf(value, "%"PRId64,
-			git_config_int64(key_, value_ ? value_ : ""));
-	else if (types == TYPE_BOOL)
-		vptr = git_config_bool(key_, value_) ? "true" : "false";
-	else if (types == TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT) {
-		int is_bool, v;
-		v = git_config_bool_or_int(key_, value_, &is_bool);
-		if (is_bool)
-			vptr = v ? "true" : "false";
-		else
-			sprintf(value, "%d", v);
-	} else if (types == TYPE_PATH) {
-		if (git_config_pathname(&vptr, key_, value_) < 0)
-			return -1;
-		must_free_vptr = 1;
-	} else if (value_) {
-		vptr = value_;
-	} else {
-		/* Just show the key name */
-		vptr = "";
-		must_print_delim = 0;
+	if (!omit_values) {
+		if (show_keys)
+			strbuf_addch(buf, key_delim);
+
+		if (type == TYPE_INT)
+			strbuf_addf(buf, "%"PRId64,
+				    git_config_int64(key_, value_ ? value_ : ""));
+		else if (type == TYPE_BOOL)
+			strbuf_addstr(buf, git_config_bool(key_, value_) ?
+				      "true" : "false");
+		else if (type == TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT) {
+			int is_bool, v;
+			v = git_config_bool_or_int(key_, value_, &is_bool);
+			if (is_bool)
+				strbuf_addstr(buf, v ? "true" : "false");
+			else
+				strbuf_addf(buf, "%d", v);
+		} else if (type == TYPE_PATH) {
+			const char *v;
+			if (git_config_pathname(&v, key_, value_) < 0)
+				return -1;
+			strbuf_addstr(buf, v);
+			free((char *)v);
+		} else if (type == TYPE_EXPIRY_DATE) {
+			timestamp_t t;
+			if (git_config_expiry_date(&t, key_, value_) < 0)
+				return -1;
+			strbuf_addf(buf, "%"PRItime, t);
+		} else if (type == TYPE_COLOR) {
+			char v[COLOR_MAXLEN];
+			if (git_config_color(v, key_, value_) < 0)
+				return -1;
+			strbuf_addstr(buf, v);
+		} else if (value_) {
+			strbuf_addstr(buf, value_);
+		} else {
+			/* Just show the key name; back out delimiter */
+			if (show_keys)
+				strbuf_setlen(buf, buf->len - 1);
+		}
 	}
-
-	if (must_print_delim)
-		strbuf_addch(buf, key_delim);
-	strbuf_addstr(buf, vptr);
 	strbuf_addch(buf, term);
-
-	if (must_free_vptr)
-		free((char *)vptr);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -164,6 +271,7 @@ static int collect_config(const char *key_, const char *value_, void *cb)
 		return 0;
 
 	ALLOC_GROW(values->items, values->nr + 1, values->alloc);
+	strbuf_init(&values->items[values->nr], 0);
 
 	return format_config(&values->items[values->nr++], key_, value_);
 }
@@ -193,9 +301,8 @@ static int get_value(const char *key_, const char *regex_)
 
 		key_regexp = (regex_t*)xmalloc(sizeof(regex_t));
 		if (regcomp(key_regexp, key, REG_EXTENDED)) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Invalid key pattern: %s\n", key_);
-			free(key_regexp);
-			key_regexp = NULL;
+			error(_("invalid key pattern: %s"), key_);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(key_regexp);
 			ret = CONFIG_INVALID_PATTERN;
 			goto free_strings;
 		}
@@ -214,16 +321,25 @@ static int get_value(const char *key_, const char *regex_)
 
 		regexp = (regex_t*)xmalloc(sizeof(regex_t));
 		if (regcomp(regexp, regex_, REG_EXTENDED)) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Invalid pattern: %s\n", regex_);
-			free(regexp);
-			regexp = NULL;
+			error(_("invalid pattern: %s"), regex_);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(regexp);
 			ret = CONFIG_INVALID_PATTERN;
 			goto free_strings;
 		}
 	}
 
-	git_config_with_options(collect_config, &values,
-				&given_config_source, respect_includes);
+	config_with_options(collect_config, &values,
+			    &given_config_source, &config_options);
+
+	if (!values.nr && default_value) {
+		struct strbuf *item;
+		ALLOC_GROW(values.items, values.nr + 1, values.alloc);
+		item = &values.items[values.nr++];
+		strbuf_init(item, 0);
+		if (format_config(item, key_, default_value) < 0)
+			die(_("failed to format default config value: %s"),
+				default_value);
+	}
 
 	ret = !values.nr;
 
@@ -251,39 +367,46 @@ free_strings:
 
 static char *normalize_value(const char *key, const char *value)
 {
-	char *normalized;
-
 	if (!value)
 		return NULL;
 
-	if (types == 0 || types == TYPE_PATH)
+	if (type == 0 || type == TYPE_PATH || type == TYPE_EXPIRY_DATE)
 		/*
 		 * We don't do normalization for TYPE_PATH here: If
 		 * the path is like ~/foobar/, we prefer to store
 		 * "~/foobar/" in the config file, and to expand the ~
 		 * when retrieving the value.
+		 * Also don't do normalization for expiry dates.
 		 */
-		normalized = xstrdup(value);
-	else {
-		normalized = xmalloc(64);
-		if (types == TYPE_INT) {
-			int64_t v = git_config_int64(key, value);
-			sprintf(normalized, "%"PRId64, v);
-		}
-		else if (types == TYPE_BOOL)
-			sprintf(normalized, "%s",
-				git_config_bool(key, value) ? "true" : "false");
-		else if (types == TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT) {
-			int is_bool, v;
-			v = git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &is_bool);
-			if (!is_bool)
-				sprintf(normalized, "%d", v);
-			else
-				sprintf(normalized, "%s", v ? "true" : "false");
-		}
+		return xstrdup(value);
+	if (type == TYPE_INT)
+		return xstrfmt("%"PRId64, git_config_int64(key, value));
+	if (type == TYPE_BOOL)
+		return xstrdup(git_config_bool(key, value) ?  "true" : "false");
+	if (type == TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT) {
+		int is_bool, v;
+		v = git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &is_bool);
+		if (!is_bool)
+			return xstrfmt("%d", v);
+		else
+			return xstrdup(v ? "true" : "false");
 	}
+	if (type == TYPE_COLOR) {
+		char v[COLOR_MAXLEN];
+		if (git_config_color(v, key, value))
+			die(_("cannot parse color '%s'"), value);
 
-	return normalized;
+		/*
+		 * The contents of `v` now contain an ANSI escape
+		 * sequence, not suitable for including within a
+		 * configuration file. Treat the above as a
+		 * "sanity-check", and return the given value, which we
+		 * know is representable as valid color code.
+		 */
+		return xstrdup(value);
+	}
+
+	BUG("cannot normalize type %d", type);
 }
 
 static int get_color_found;
@@ -308,8 +431,8 @@ static void get_color(const char *var, const char *def_color)
 	get_color_slot = var;
 	get_color_found = 0;
 	parsed_color[0] = '\0';
-	git_config_with_options(git_get_color_config, NULL,
-				&given_config_source, respect_includes);
+	config_with_options(git_get_color_config, NULL,
+			    &given_config_source, &config_options);
 
 	if (!get_color_found && def_color) {
 		if (color_parse(def_color, parsed_color) < 0)
@@ -340,8 +463,8 @@ static int get_colorbool(const char *var, int print)
 	get_colorbool_found = -1;
 	get_diff_color_found = -1;
 	get_color_ui_found = -1;
-	git_config_with_options(git_get_colorbool_config, NULL,
-				&given_config_source, respect_includes);
+	config_with_options(git_get_colorbool_config, NULL,
+			    &given_config_source, &config_options);
 
 	if (get_colorbool_found < 0) {
 		if (!strcmp(get_colorbool_slot, "color.diff"))
@@ -365,11 +488,14 @@ static int get_colorbool(const char *var, int print)
 
 static void check_write(void)
 {
+	if (!given_config_source.file && !startup_info->have_repository)
+		die(_("not in a git directory"));
+
 	if (given_config_source.use_stdin)
-		die("writing to stdin is not supported");
+		die(_("writing to stdin is not supported"));
 
 	if (given_config_source.blob)
-		die("writing config blobs is not supported");
+		die(_("writing config blobs is not supported"));
 }
 
 struct urlmatch_current_candidate_value {
@@ -402,6 +528,7 @@ static int urlmatch_collect_fn(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 
 static int get_urlmatch(const char *var, const char *url)
 {
+	int ret;
 	char *section_tail;
 	struct string_list_item *item;
 	struct urlmatch_config config = { STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP };
@@ -425,19 +552,18 @@ static int get_urlmatch(const char *var, const char *url)
 		show_keys = 1;
 	}
 
-	git_config_with_options(urlmatch_config_entry, &config,
-				&given_config_source, respect_includes);
+	config_with_options(urlmatch_config_entry, &config,
+			    &given_config_source, &config_options);
+
+	ret = !values.nr;
 
 	for_each_string_list_item(item, &values) {
 		struct urlmatch_current_candidate_value *matched = item->util;
-		struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-		strbuf_addstr(&key, item->string);
-		format_config(&buf, key.buf,
+		format_config(&buf, item->string,
 			      matched->value_is_null ? NULL : matched->value.buf);
 		fwrite(buf.buf, 1, buf.len, stdout);
-		strbuf_release(&key);
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 
 		strbuf_release(&matched->value);
@@ -447,7 +573,7 @@ static int get_urlmatch(const char *var, const char *url)
 	free(config.url.url);
 
 	free((void *)config.section);
-	return 0;
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static char *default_user_config(void)
@@ -455,9 +581,9 @@ static char *default_user_config(void)
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	strbuf_addf(&buf,
 		    _("# This is Git's per-user configuration file.\n"
-		      "[core]\n"
+		      "[user]\n"
 		      "# Please adapt and uncomment the following lines:\n"
-		      "#	user = %s\n"
+		      "#	name = %s\n"
 		      "#	email = %s\n"),
 		    ident_default_name(),
 		    ident_default_email());
@@ -477,10 +603,16 @@ int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (use_global_config + use_system_config + use_local_config +
 	    !!given_config_source.file + !!given_config_source.blob > 1) {
-		error("only one config file at a time.");
-		usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
+		error(_("only one config file at a time"));
+		usage_builtin_config();
 	}
 
+	if (use_local_config && nongit)
+		die(_("--local can only be used inside a git repository"));
+
+	if (given_config_source.blob && nongit)
+		die(_("--blob can only be used inside a git repository"));
+
 	if (given_config_source.file &&
 			!strcmp(given_config_source.file, "-")) {
 		given_config_source.file = NULL;
@@ -488,10 +620,8 @@ int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (use_global_config) {
-		char *user_config = NULL;
-		char *xdg_config = NULL;
-
-		home_config_paths(&user_config, &xdg_config, "config");
+		char *user_config = expand_user_path("~/.gitconfig", 0);
+		char *xdg_config = xdg_config_home("config");
 
 		if (!user_config)
 			/*
@@ -500,13 +630,16 @@ int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			 * location; error out even if XDG_CONFIG_HOME
 			 * is set and points at a sane location.
 			 */
-			die("$HOME not set");
+			die(_("$HOME not set"));
 
 		if (access_or_warn(user_config, R_OK, 0) &&
-		    xdg_config && !access_or_warn(xdg_config, R_OK, 0))
+		    xdg_config && !access_or_warn(xdg_config, R_OK, 0)) {
 			given_config_source.file = xdg_config;
-		else
+			free(user_config);
+		} else {
 			given_config_source.file = user_config;
+			free(xdg_config);
+		}
 	}
 	else if (use_system_config)
 		given_config_source.file = git_etc_gitconfig();
@@ -515,13 +648,17 @@ int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	else if (given_config_source.file) {
 		if (!is_absolute_path(given_config_source.file) && prefix)
 			given_config_source.file =
-				xstrdup(prefix_filename(prefix,
-							strlen(prefix),
-							given_config_source.file));
+				prefix_filename(prefix, given_config_source.file);
 	}
 
-	if (respect_includes == -1)
-		respect_includes = !given_config_source.file;
+	if (respect_includes_opt == -1)
+		config_options.respect_includes = !given_config_source.file;
+	else
+		config_options.respect_includes = respect_includes_opt;
+	if (!nongit) {
+		config_options.commondir = get_git_common_dir();
+		config_options.git_dir = get_git_dir();
+	}
 
 	if (end_null) {
 		term = '\0';
@@ -529,19 +666,14 @@ int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		key_delim = '\n';
 	}
 
-	if (HAS_MULTI_BITS(types)) {
-		error("only one type at a time.");
-		usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
-	}
-
-	if ((actions & (ACTION_GET_COLOR|ACTION_GET_COLORBOOL)) && types) {
-		error("--get-color and variable type are incoherent");
-		usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
+	if ((actions & (ACTION_GET_COLOR|ACTION_GET_COLORBOOL)) && type) {
+		error(_("--get-color and variable type are incoherent"));
+		usage_builtin_config();
 	}
 
 	if (HAS_MULTI_BITS(actions)) {
-		error("only one action at a time.");
-		usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
+		error(_("only one action at a time"));
+		usage_builtin_config();
 	}
 	if (actions == 0)
 		switch (argc) {
@@ -549,19 +681,39 @@ int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		case 2: actions = ACTION_SET; break;
 		case 3: actions = ACTION_SET_ALL; break;
 		default:
-			usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
+			usage_builtin_config();
 		}
+	if (omit_values &&
+	    !(actions == ACTION_LIST || actions == ACTION_GET_REGEXP)) {
+		error(_("--name-only is only applicable to --list or --get-regexp"));
+		usage_builtin_config();
+	}
+
+	if (show_origin && !(actions &
+		(ACTION_GET|ACTION_GET_ALL|ACTION_GET_REGEXP|ACTION_LIST))) {
+		error(_("--show-origin is only applicable to --get, --get-all, "
+			"--get-regexp, and --list"));
+		usage_builtin_config();
+	}
+
+	if (default_value && !(actions & ACTION_GET)) {
+		error(_("--default is only applicable to --get"));
+		usage_builtin_config();
+	}
+
+	if (actions & PAGING_ACTIONS)
+		setup_auto_pager("config", 1);
 
 	if (actions == ACTION_LIST) {
 		check_argc(argc, 0, 0);
-		if (git_config_with_options(show_all_config, NULL,
-					    &given_config_source,
-					    respect_includes) < 0) {
+		if (config_with_options(show_all_config, NULL,
+					&given_config_source,
+					&config_options) < 0) {
 			if (given_config_source.file)
-				die_errno("unable to read config file '%s'",
+				die_errno(_("unable to read config file '%s'"),
 					  given_config_source.file);
 			else
-				die("error processing config file(s)");
+				die(_("error processing config file(s)"));
 		}
 	}
 	else if (actions == ACTION_EDIT) {
@@ -569,17 +721,18 @@ int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 		check_argc(argc, 0, 0);
 		if (!given_config_source.file && nongit)
-			die("not in a git directory");
+			die(_("not in a git directory"));
 		if (given_config_source.use_stdin)
-			die("editing stdin is not supported");
+			die(_("editing stdin is not supported"));
 		if (given_config_source.blob)
-			die("editing blobs is not supported");
+			die(_("editing blobs is not supported"));
 		git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
-		config_file = xstrdup(given_config_source.file ?
-				      given_config_source.file : git_path("config"));
+		config_file = given_config_source.file ?
+				xstrdup(given_config_source.file) :
+				git_pathdup("config");
 		if (use_global_config) {
 			int fd = open(config_file, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_WRONLY, 0666);
-			if (fd) {
+			if (fd >= 0) {
 				char *content = default_user_config();
 				write_str_in_full(fd, content);
 				free(content);
@@ -596,33 +749,37 @@ int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		check_write();
 		check_argc(argc, 2, 2);
 		value = normalize_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
-		ret = git_config_set_in_file(given_config_source.file, argv[0], value);
+		UNLEAK(value);
+		ret = git_config_set_in_file_gently(given_config_source.file, argv[0], value);
 		if (ret == CONFIG_NOTHING_SET)
-			error("cannot overwrite multiple values with a single value\n"
-			"       Use a regexp, --add or --replace-all to change %s.", argv[0]);
+			error(_("cannot overwrite multiple values with a single value\n"
+			"       Use a regexp, --add or --replace-all to change %s."), argv[0]);
 		return ret;
 	}
 	else if (actions == ACTION_SET_ALL) {
 		check_write();
 		check_argc(argc, 2, 3);
 		value = normalize_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
-		return git_config_set_multivar_in_file(given_config_source.file,
-						       argv[0], value, argv[2], 0);
+		UNLEAK(value);
+		return git_config_set_multivar_in_file_gently(given_config_source.file,
+							      argv[0], value, argv[2], 0);
 	}
 	else if (actions == ACTION_ADD) {
 		check_write();
 		check_argc(argc, 2, 2);
 		value = normalize_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
-		return git_config_set_multivar_in_file(given_config_source.file,
-						       argv[0], value,
-						       CONFIG_REGEX_NONE, 0);
+		UNLEAK(value);
+		return git_config_set_multivar_in_file_gently(given_config_source.file,
+							      argv[0], value,
+							      CONFIG_REGEX_NONE, 0);
 	}
 	else if (actions == ACTION_REPLACE_ALL) {
 		check_write();
 		check_argc(argc, 2, 3);
 		value = normalize_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
-		return git_config_set_multivar_in_file(given_config_source.file,
-						       argv[0], value, argv[2], 1);
+		UNLEAK(value);
+		return git_config_set_multivar_in_file_gently(given_config_source.file,
+							      argv[0], value, argv[2], 1);
 	}
 	else if (actions == ACTION_GET) {
 		check_argc(argc, 1, 2);
@@ -648,17 +805,17 @@ int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		check_write();
 		check_argc(argc, 1, 2);
 		if (argc == 2)
-			return git_config_set_multivar_in_file(given_config_source.file,
-							       argv[0], NULL, argv[1], 0);
+			return git_config_set_multivar_in_file_gently(given_config_source.file,
+								      argv[0], NULL, argv[1], 0);
 		else
-			return git_config_set_in_file(given_config_source.file,
-						      argv[0], NULL);
+			return git_config_set_in_file_gently(given_config_source.file,
+							     argv[0], NULL);
 	}
 	else if (actions == ACTION_UNSET_ALL) {
 		check_write();
 		check_argc(argc, 1, 2);
-		return git_config_set_multivar_in_file(given_config_source.file,
-						       argv[0], NULL, argv[1], 1);
+		return git_config_set_multivar_in_file_gently(given_config_source.file,
+							      argv[0], NULL, argv[1], 1);
 	}
 	else if (actions == ACTION_RENAME_SECTION) {
 		int ret;
@@ -669,7 +826,7 @@ int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (ret < 0)
 			return ret;
 		if (ret == 0)
-			die("No such section!");
+			die(_("no such section: %s"), argv[0]);
 	}
 	else if (actions == ACTION_REMOVE_SECTION) {
 		int ret;
@@ -680,7 +837,7 @@ int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (ret < 0)
 			return ret;
 		if (ret == 0)
-			die("No such section!");
+			die(_("no such section: %s"), argv[0]);
 	}
 	else if (actions == ACTION_GET_COLOR) {
 		check_argc(argc, 1, 2);
diff --git a/builtin/count-objects.c b/builtin/count-objects.c
index e47ef0b1af..d51e2ce1ec 100644
--- a/builtin/count-objects.c
+++ b/builtin/count-objects.c
@@ -5,9 +5,14 @@
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 static unsigned long garbage;
 static off_t size_garbage;
@@ -15,9 +20,31 @@ static int verbose;
 static unsigned long loose, packed, packed_loose;
 static off_t loose_size;
 
-static void real_report_garbage(const char *desc, const char *path)
+static const char *bits_to_msg(unsigned seen_bits)
+{
+	switch (seen_bits) {
+	case 0:
+		return "no corresponding .idx or .pack";
+	case PACKDIR_FILE_GARBAGE:
+		return "garbage found";
+	case PACKDIR_FILE_PACK:
+		return "no corresponding .idx";
+	case PACKDIR_FILE_IDX:
+		return "no corresponding .pack";
+	case PACKDIR_FILE_PACK|PACKDIR_FILE_IDX:
+	default:
+		return NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+static void real_report_garbage(unsigned seen_bits, const char *path)
 {
 	struct stat st;
+	const char *desc = bits_to_msg(seen_bits);
+
+	if (!desc)
+		return;
+
 	if (!stat(path, &st))
 		size_garbage += st.st_size;
 	warning("%s: %s", desc, path);
@@ -27,10 +54,10 @@ static void real_report_garbage(const char *desc, const char *path)
 static void loose_garbage(const char *path)
 {
 	if (verbose)
-		report_garbage("garbage found", path);
+		report_garbage(PACKDIR_FILE_GARBAGE, path);
 }
 
-static int count_loose(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, void *data)
+static int count_loose(const struct object_id *oid, const char *path, void *data)
 {
 	struct stat st;
 
@@ -39,7 +66,7 @@ static int count_loose(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, void *data)
 	else {
 		loose_size += on_disk_bytes(st);
 		loose++;
-		if (verbose && has_sha1_pack(sha1))
+		if (verbose && has_object_pack(oid))
 			packed_loose++;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -51,6 +78,14 @@ static int count_cruft(const char *basename, const char *path, void *data)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int print_alternate(struct alternate_object_database *alt, void *data)
+{
+	printf("alternate: ");
+	quote_c_style(alt->path, NULL, stdout, 0);
+	putchar('\n');
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static char const * const count_objects_usage[] = {
 	N_("git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"),
 	NULL
@@ -66,12 +101,16 @@ int cmd_count_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, opts, count_objects_usage, 0);
 	/* we do not take arguments other than flags for now */
 	if (argc)
 		usage_with_options(count_objects_usage, opts);
-	if (verbose)
+	if (verbose) {
 		report_garbage = real_report_garbage;
+		report_linked_checkout_garbage();
+	}
 
 	for_each_loose_file_in_objdir(get_object_directory(),
 				      count_loose, count_cruft, NULL, NULL);
@@ -83,9 +122,8 @@ int cmd_count_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		struct strbuf loose_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		struct strbuf pack_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		struct strbuf garbage_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-		if (!packed_git)
-			prepare_packed_git();
-		for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+
+		for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p; p = p->next) {
 			if (!p->pack_local)
 				continue;
 			if (open_pack_index(p))
@@ -116,6 +154,7 @@ int cmd_count_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		printf("prune-packable: %lu\n", packed_loose);
 		printf("garbage: %lu\n", garbage);
 		printf("size-garbage: %s\n", garbage_buf.buf);
+		foreach_alt_odb(print_alternate, NULL);
 		strbuf_release(&loose_buf);
 		strbuf_release(&pack_buf);
 		strbuf_release(&garbage_buf);
diff --git a/builtin/credential.c b/builtin/credential.c
index 0412fa00f0..879acfbcda 100644
--- a/builtin/credential.c
+++ b/builtin/credential.c
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ int cmd_credential(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	const char *op;
 	struct credential c = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
 
-	op = argv[1];
-	if (!op)
+	if (argc != 2 || !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 		usage(usage_msg);
+	op = argv[1];
 
 	if (credential_read(&c, stdin) < 0)
 		die("unable to read credential from stdin");
diff --git a/builtin/describe.c b/builtin/describe.c
index e00a75b121..41606c8a90 100644
--- a/builtin/describe.c
+++ b/builtin/describe.c
@@ -1,18 +1,27 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
+#include "blob.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "revision.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "hashmap.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "list-objects.h"
+#include "commit-slab.h"
 
-#define SEEN		(1u << 0)
 #define MAX_TAGS	(FLAG_BITS - 1)
 
+define_commit_slab(commit_names, struct commit_name *);
+
 static const char * const describe_usage[] = {
 	N_("git describe [<options>] [<commit-ish>...]"),
 	N_("git describe [<options>] --dirty"),
@@ -28,9 +37,11 @@ static int abbrev = -1; /* unspecified */
 static int max_candidates = 10;
 static struct hashmap names;
 static int have_util;
-static const char *pattern;
+static struct string_list patterns = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+static struct string_list exclude_patterns = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 static int always;
-static const char *dirty;
+static const char *suffix, *dirty, *broken;
+static struct commit_names commit_names;
 
 /* diff-index command arguments to check if working tree is dirty. */
 static const char *diff_index_args[] = {
@@ -39,32 +50,37 @@ static const char *diff_index_args[] = {
 
 struct commit_name {
 	struct hashmap_entry entry;
-	unsigned char peeled[20];
+	struct object_id peeled;
 	struct tag *tag;
 	unsigned prio:2; /* annotated tag = 2, tag = 1, head = 0 */
 	unsigned name_checked:1;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	char *path;
 };
 
 static const char *prio_names[] = {
-	"head", "lightweight", "annotated",
+	N_("head"), N_("lightweight"), N_("annotated"),
 };
 
-static int commit_name_cmp(const struct commit_name *cn1,
-		const struct commit_name *cn2, const void *peeled)
+static int commit_name_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+			   const void *entry,
+			   const void *entry_or_key,
+			   const void *peeled)
 {
-	return hashcmp(cn1->peeled, peeled ? peeled : cn2->peeled);
+	const struct commit_name *cn1 = entry;
+	const struct commit_name *cn2 = entry_or_key;
+
+	return oidcmp(&cn1->peeled, peeled ? peeled : &cn2->peeled);
 }
 
-static inline struct commit_name *find_commit_name(const unsigned char *peeled)
+static inline struct commit_name *find_commit_name(const struct object_id *peeled)
 {
-	return hashmap_get_from_hash(&names, sha1hash(peeled), peeled);
+	return hashmap_get_from_hash(&names, sha1hash(peeled->hash), peeled->hash);
 }
 
 static int replace_name(struct commit_name *e,
 			       int prio,
-			       const unsigned char *sha1,
+			       const struct object_id *oid,
 			       struct tag **tag)
 {
 	if (!e || e->prio < prio)
@@ -77,13 +93,13 @@ static int replace_name(struct commit_name *e,
 		struct tag *t;
 
 		if (!e->tag) {
-			t = lookup_tag(e->sha1);
+			t = lookup_tag(the_repository, &e->oid);
 			if (!t || parse_tag(t))
 				return 1;
 			e->tag = t;
 		}
 
-		t = lookup_tag(sha1);
+		t = lookup_tag(the_repository, oid);
 		if (!t || parse_tag(t))
 			return 0;
 		*tag = t;
@@ -96,48 +112,87 @@ static int replace_name(struct commit_name *e,
 }
 
 static void add_to_known_names(const char *path,
-			       const unsigned char *peeled,
+			       const struct object_id *peeled,
 			       int prio,
-			       const unsigned char *sha1)
+			       const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct commit_name *e = find_commit_name(peeled);
 	struct tag *tag = NULL;
-	if (replace_name(e, prio, sha1, &tag)) {
+	if (replace_name(e, prio, oid, &tag)) {
 		if (!e) {
 			e = xmalloc(sizeof(struct commit_name));
-			hashcpy(e->peeled, peeled);
-			hashmap_entry_init(e, sha1hash(peeled));
+			oidcpy(&e->peeled, peeled);
+			hashmap_entry_init(e, sha1hash(peeled->hash));
 			hashmap_add(&names, e);
 			e->path = NULL;
 		}
 		e->tag = tag;
 		e->prio = prio;
 		e->name_checked = 0;
-		hashcpy(e->sha1, sha1);
+		oidcpy(&e->oid, oid);
 		free(e->path);
 		e->path = xstrdup(path);
 	}
 }
 
-static int get_name(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int get_name(const char *path, const struct object_id *oid, int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
-	int is_tag = starts_with(path, "refs/tags/");
-	unsigned char peeled[20];
+	int is_tag = 0;
+	struct object_id peeled;
 	int is_annotated, prio;
-
-	/* Reject anything outside refs/tags/ unless --all */
-	if (!all && !is_tag)
+	const char *path_to_match = NULL;
+
+	if (skip_prefix(path, "refs/tags/", &path_to_match)) {
+		is_tag = 1;
+	} else if (all) {
+		if ((exclude_patterns.nr || patterns.nr) &&
+		    !skip_prefix(path, "refs/heads/", &path_to_match) &&
+		    !skip_prefix(path, "refs/remotes/", &path_to_match)) {
+			/* Only accept reference of known type if there are match/exclude patterns */
+			return 0;
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* Reject anything outside refs/tags/ unless --all */
 		return 0;
+	}
 
-	/* Accept only tags that match the pattern, if given */
-	if (pattern && (!is_tag || wildmatch(pattern, path + 10, 0, NULL)))
-		return 0;
+	/*
+	 * If we're given exclude patterns, first exclude any tag which match
+	 * any of the exclude pattern.
+	 */
+	if (exclude_patterns.nr) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, &exclude_patterns) {
+			if (!wildmatch(item->string, path_to_match, 0))
+				return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we're given patterns, accept only tags which match at least one
+	 * pattern.
+	 */
+	if (patterns.nr) {
+		int found = 0;
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, &patterns) {
+			if (!wildmatch(item->string, path_to_match, 0)) {
+				found = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (!found)
+			return 0;
+	}
 
 	/* Is it annotated? */
-	if (!peel_ref(path, peeled)) {
-		is_annotated = !!hashcmp(sha1, peeled);
+	if (!peel_ref(path, &peeled)) {
+		is_annotated = !!oidcmp(oid, &peeled);
 	} else {
-		hashcpy(peeled, sha1);
+		oidcpy(&peeled, oid);
 		is_annotated = 0;
 	}
 
@@ -154,7 +209,7 @@ static int get_name(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void
 	else
 		prio = 0;
 
-	add_to_known_names(all ? path + 5 : path + 10, peeled, prio, sha1);
+	add_to_known_names(all ? path + 5 : path + 10, &peeled, prio, oid);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -209,10 +264,10 @@ static unsigned long finish_depth_computation(
 	return seen_commits;
 }
 
-static void display_name(struct commit_name *n)
+static void append_name(struct commit_name *n, struct strbuf *dst)
 {
 	if (n->prio == 2 && !n->tag) {
-		n->tag = lookup_tag(n->sha1);
+		n->tag = lookup_tag(the_repository, &n->oid);
 		if (!n->tag || parse_tag(n->tag))
 			die(_("annotated tag %s not available"), n->path);
 	}
@@ -224,20 +279,22 @@ static void display_name(struct commit_name *n)
 		n->name_checked = 1;
 	}
 
-	if (n->tag)
-		printf("%s", n->tag->tag);
-	else
-		printf("%s", n->path);
+	if (n->tag) {
+		if (all)
+			strbuf_addstr(dst, "tags/");
+		strbuf_addstr(dst, n->tag->tag);
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addstr(dst, n->path);
+	}
 }
 
-static void show_suffix(int depth, const unsigned char *sha1)
+static void append_suffix(int depth, const struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *dst)
 {
-	printf("-%d-g%s", depth, find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev));
+	strbuf_addf(dst, "-%d-g%s", depth, find_unique_abbrev(oid, abbrev));
 }
 
-static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
+static void describe_commit(struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *dst)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	struct commit *cmit, *gave_up_on = NULL;
 	struct commit_list *list;
 	struct commit_name *n;
@@ -246,39 +303,38 @@ static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
 	unsigned long seen_commits = 0;
 	unsigned int unannotated_cnt = 0;
 
-	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
-		die(_("Not a valid object name %s"), arg);
-	cmit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
-	if (!cmit)
-		die(_("%s is not a valid '%s' object"), arg, commit_type);
+	cmit = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, oid);
 
-	n = find_commit_name(cmit->object.sha1);
+	n = find_commit_name(&cmit->object.oid);
 	if (n && (tags || all || n->prio == 2)) {
 		/*
 		 * Exact match to an existing ref.
 		 */
-		display_name(n);
+		append_name(n, dst);
 		if (longformat)
-			show_suffix(0, n->tag ? n->tag->tagged->sha1 : sha1);
-		if (dirty)
-			printf("%s", dirty);
-		printf("\n");
+			append_suffix(0, n->tag ? &n->tag->tagged->oid : oid, dst);
+		if (suffix)
+			strbuf_addstr(dst, suffix);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	if (!max_candidates)
-		die(_("no tag exactly matches '%s'"), sha1_to_hex(cmit->object.sha1));
+		die(_("no tag exactly matches '%s'"), oid_to_hex(&cmit->object.oid));
 	if (debug)
-		fprintf(stderr, _("searching to describe %s\n"), arg);
+		fprintf(stderr, _("No exact match on refs or tags, searching to describe\n"));
 
 	if (!have_util) {
 		struct hashmap_iter iter;
 		struct commit *c;
-		struct commit_name *n = hashmap_iter_first(&names, &iter);
+		struct commit_name *n;
+
+		init_commit_names(&commit_names);
+		n = hashmap_iter_first(&names, &iter);
 		for (; n; n = hashmap_iter_next(&iter)) {
-			c = lookup_commit_reference_gently(n->peeled, 1);
+			c = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository,
+							   &n->peeled, 1);
 			if (c)
-				c->util = n;
+				*commit_names_at(&commit_names, c) = n;
 		}
 		have_util = 1;
 	}
@@ -289,8 +345,11 @@ static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
 	while (list) {
 		struct commit *c = pop_commit(&list);
 		struct commit_list *parents = c->parents;
+		struct commit_name **slot;
+
 		seen_commits++;
-		n = c->util;
+		slot = commit_names_peek(&commit_names, c);
+		n = slot ? *slot : NULL;
 		if (n) {
 			if (!tags && !all && n->prio < 2) {
 				unannotated_cnt++;
@@ -317,7 +376,7 @@ static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
 		if (annotated_cnt && !list) {
 			if (debug)
 				fprintf(stderr, _("finished search at %s\n"),
-					sha1_to_hex(c->object.sha1));
+					oid_to_hex(&c->object.oid));
 			break;
 		}
 		while (parents) {
@@ -334,25 +393,24 @@ static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
 	}
 
 	if (!match_cnt) {
-		const unsigned char *sha1 = cmit->object.sha1;
+		struct object_id *cmit_oid = &cmit->object.oid;
 		if (always) {
-			printf("%s", find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev));
-			if (dirty)
-				printf("%s", dirty);
-			printf("\n");
+			strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(dst, cmit_oid, abbrev);
+			if (suffix)
+				strbuf_addstr(dst, suffix);
 			return;
 		}
 		if (unannotated_cnt)
 			die(_("No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 			    "However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."),
-			    sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			    oid_to_hex(cmit_oid));
 		else
 			die(_("No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 			    "Try --always, or create some tags."),
-			    sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			    oid_to_hex(cmit_oid));
 	}
 
-	qsort(all_matches, match_cnt, sizeof(all_matches[0]), compare_pt);
+	QSORT(all_matches, match_cnt, compare_pt);
 
 	if (gave_up_on) {
 		commit_list_insert_by_date(gave_up_on, &list);
@@ -362,10 +420,19 @@ static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
 	free_commit_list(list);
 
 	if (debug) {
+		static int label_width = -1;
+		if (label_width < 0) {
+			int i, w;
+			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(prio_names); i++) {
+				w = strlen(_(prio_names[i]));
+				if (label_width < w)
+					label_width = w;
+			}
+		}
 		for (cur_match = 0; cur_match < match_cnt; cur_match++) {
 			struct possible_tag *t = &all_matches[cur_match];
-			fprintf(stderr, " %-11s %8d %s\n",
-				prio_names[t->name->prio],
+			fprintf(stderr, " %-*s %8d %s\n",
+				label_width, _(prio_names[t->name->prio]),
 				t->depth, t->name->path);
 		}
 		fprintf(stderr, _("traversed %lu commits\n"), seen_commits);
@@ -374,19 +441,90 @@ static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
 				_("more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
 				"gave up search at %s\n"),
 				max_candidates, max_candidates,
-				sha1_to_hex(gave_up_on->object.sha1));
+				oid_to_hex(&gave_up_on->object.oid));
 		}
 	}
 
-	display_name(all_matches[0].name);
+	append_name(all_matches[0].name, dst);
 	if (abbrev)
-		show_suffix(all_matches[0].depth, cmit->object.sha1);
-	if (dirty)
-		printf("%s", dirty);
-	printf("\n");
+		append_suffix(all_matches[0].depth, &cmit->object.oid, dst);
+	if (suffix)
+		strbuf_addstr(dst, suffix);
+}
+
+struct process_commit_data {
+	struct object_id current_commit;
+	struct object_id looking_for;
+	struct strbuf *dst;
+	struct rev_info *revs;
+};
+
+static void process_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
+{
+	struct process_commit_data *pcd = data;
+	pcd->current_commit = commit->object.oid;
+}
+
+static void process_object(struct object *obj, const char *path, void *data)
+{
+	struct process_commit_data *pcd = data;
+
+	if (!oidcmp(&pcd->looking_for, &obj->oid) && !pcd->dst->len) {
+		reset_revision_walk();
+		describe_commit(&pcd->current_commit, pcd->dst);
+		strbuf_addf(pcd->dst, ":%s", path);
+		free_commit_list(pcd->revs->commits);
+		pcd->revs->commits = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+static void describe_blob(struct object_id oid, struct strbuf *dst)
+{
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	struct argv_array args = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct process_commit_data pcd = { null_oid, oid, dst, &revs};
+
+	argv_array_pushl(&args, "internal: The first arg is not parsed",
+		"--objects", "--in-commit-order", "--reverse", "HEAD",
+		NULL);
+
+	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
+	if (setup_revisions(args.argc, args.argv, &revs, NULL) > 1)
+		BUG("setup_revisions could not handle all args?");
+
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
+
+	traverse_commit_list(&revs, process_commit, process_object, &pcd);
+	reset_revision_walk();
+}
+
+static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
+{
+	struct object_id oid;
+	struct commit *cmit;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (debug)
+		fprintf(stderr, _("describe %s\n"), arg);
+
+	if (get_oid(arg, &oid))
+		die(_("Not a valid object name %s"), arg);
+	cmit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, &oid, 1);
+
+	if (cmit)
+		describe_commit(&oid, &sb);
+	else if (oid_object_info(the_repository, &oid, NULL) == OBJ_BLOB)
+		describe_blob(oid, &sb);
+	else
+		die(_("%s is neither a commit nor blob"), arg);
+
+	puts(sb.buf);
 
 	if (!last_one)
 		clear_commit_marks(cmit, -1);
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
 int cmd_describe(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
@@ -404,13 +542,18 @@ int cmd_describe(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			    N_("only output exact matches"), 0),
 		OPT_INTEGER(0, "candidates", &max_candidates,
 			    N_("consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)")),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "match",       &pattern, N_("pattern"),
+		OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "match", &patterns, N_("pattern"),
 			   N_("only consider tags matching <pattern>")),
+		OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "exclude", &exclude_patterns, N_("pattern"),
+			   N_("do not consider tags matching <pattern>")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "always",        &always,
 			N_("show abbreviated commit object as fallback")),
 		{OPTION_STRING, 0, "dirty",  &dirty, N_("mark"),
 			N_("append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"),
 			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t) "-dirty"},
+		{OPTION_STRING, 0, "broken",  &broken, N_("mark"),
+			N_("append <mark> on broken working tree (default: \"-broken\")"),
+			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t) "-broken"},
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
@@ -430,6 +573,7 @@ int cmd_describe(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		die(_("--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"));
 
 	if (contains) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
 		struct argv_array args;
 
 		argv_array_init(&args);
@@ -440,25 +584,50 @@ int cmd_describe(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			argv_array_push(&args, "--always");
 		if (!all) {
 			argv_array_push(&args, "--tags");
-			if (pattern)
-				argv_array_pushf(&args, "--refs=refs/tags/%s", pattern);
-		}
-		while (*argv) {
-			argv_array_push(&args, *argv);
-			argv++;
+			for_each_string_list_item(item, &patterns)
+				argv_array_pushf(&args, "--refs=refs/tags/%s", item->string);
+			for_each_string_list_item(item, &exclude_patterns)
+				argv_array_pushf(&args, "--exclude=refs/tags/%s", item->string);
 		}
+		if (argc)
+			argv_array_pushv(&args, argv);
+		else
+			argv_array_push(&args, "HEAD");
 		return cmd_name_rev(args.argc, args.argv, prefix);
 	}
 
-	hashmap_init(&names, (hashmap_cmp_fn) commit_name_cmp, 0);
+	hashmap_init(&names, commit_name_cmp, NULL, 0);
 	for_each_rawref(get_name, NULL);
-	if (!names.size && !always)
+	if (!hashmap_get_size(&names) && !always)
 		die(_("No names found, cannot describe anything."));
 
 	if (argc == 0) {
-		if (dirty) {
-			static struct lock_file index_lock;
-			int fd;
+		if (broken) {
+			struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+			argv_array_pushv(&cp.args, diff_index_args);
+			cp.git_cmd = 1;
+			cp.no_stdin = 1;
+			cp.no_stdout = 1;
+
+			if (!dirty)
+				dirty = "-dirty";
+
+			switch (run_command(&cp)) {
+			case 0:
+				suffix = NULL;
+				break;
+			case 1:
+				suffix = dirty;
+				break;
+			default:
+				/* diff-index aborted abnormally */
+				suffix = broken;
+			}
+		} else if (dirty) {
+			struct lock_file index_lock = LOCK_INIT;
+			struct rev_info revs;
+			struct argv_array args = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+			int fd, result;
 
 			read_cache_preload(NULL);
 			refresh_index(&the_index, REFRESH_QUIET|REFRESH_UNMERGED,
@@ -467,13 +636,22 @@ int cmd_describe(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			if (0 <= fd)
 				update_index_if_able(&the_index, &index_lock);
 
-			if (!cmd_diff_index(ARRAY_SIZE(diff_index_args) - 1,
-					    diff_index_args, prefix))
-				dirty = NULL;
+			init_revisions(&revs, prefix);
+			argv_array_pushv(&args, diff_index_args);
+			if (setup_revisions(args.argc, args.argv, &revs, NULL) != 1)
+				BUG("malformed internal diff-index command line");
+			result = run_diff_index(&revs, 0);
+
+			if (!diff_result_code(&revs.diffopt, result))
+				suffix = NULL;
+			else
+				suffix = dirty;
 		}
 		describe("HEAD", 1);
 	} else if (dirty) {
 		die(_("--dirty is incompatible with commit-ishes"));
+	} else if (broken) {
+		die(_("--broken is incompatible with commit-ishes"));
 	} else {
 		while (argc-- > 0)
 			describe(*argv++, argc == 0);
diff --git a/builtin/diff-files.c b/builtin/diff-files.c
index 8ed2eb8813..e88493ffe5 100644
--- a/builtin/diff-files.c
+++ b/builtin/diff-files.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "revision.h"
@@ -20,10 +21,13 @@ int cmd_diff_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int result;
 	unsigned options = 0;
 
-	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
-	gitmodules_config();
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage(diff_files_usage);
+
 	git_config(git_diff_basic_config, NULL); /* no "diff" UI options */
+	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 	rev.abbrev = 0;
+	precompose_argv(argc, argv);
 
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
 	while (1 < argc && argv[1][0] == '-') {
diff --git a/builtin/diff-index.c b/builtin/diff-index.c
index d979824f93..522f4fdffd 100644
--- a/builtin/diff-index.c
+++ b/builtin/diff-index.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "revision.h"
@@ -17,10 +18,13 @@ int cmd_diff_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int i;
 	int result;
 
-	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
-	gitmodules_config();
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage(diff_cache_usage);
+
 	git_config(git_diff_basic_config, NULL); /* no "diff" UI options */
+	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 	rev.abbrev = 0;
+	precompose_argv(argc, argv);
 
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
@@ -52,5 +56,6 @@ int cmd_diff_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		return -1;
 	}
 	result = run_diff_index(&rev, cached);
+	UNLEAK(rev);
 	return diff_result_code(&rev.diffopt, result);
 }
diff --git a/builtin/diff-tree.c b/builtin/diff-tree.c
index 12b683d021..d07bf2e4c4 100644
--- a/builtin/diff-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/diff-tree.c
@@ -1,58 +1,58 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "log-tree.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 
 static struct rev_info log_tree_opt;
 
-static int diff_tree_commit_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static int diff_tree_commit_oid(const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, oid);
 	if (!commit)
 		return -1;
 	return log_tree_commit(&log_tree_opt, commit);
 }
 
 /* Diff one or more commits. */
-static int stdin_diff_commit(struct commit *commit, char *line, int len)
+static int stdin_diff_commit(struct commit *commit, const char *p)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	if (isspace(line[40]) && !get_sha1_hex(line+41, sha1)) {
-		/* Graft the fake parents locally to the commit */
-		int pos = 41;
-		struct commit_list **pptr;
-
-		/* Free the real parent list */
-		free_commit_list(commit->parents);
-		commit->parents = NULL;
-		pptr = &(commit->parents);
-		while (line[pos] && !get_sha1_hex(line + pos, sha1)) {
-			struct commit *parent = lookup_commit(sha1);
-			if (parent) {
-				pptr = &commit_list_insert(parent, pptr)->next;
-			}
-			pos += 41;
+	struct object_id oid;
+	struct commit_list **pptr = NULL;
+
+	/* Graft the fake parents locally to the commit */
+	while (isspace(*p++) && !parse_oid_hex(p, &oid, &p)) {
+		struct commit *parent = lookup_commit(the_repository, &oid);
+		if (!pptr) {
+			/* Free the real parent list */
+			free_commit_list(commit->parents);
+			commit->parents = NULL;
+			pptr = &(commit->parents);
+		}
+		if (parent) {
+			pptr = &commit_list_insert(parent, pptr)->next;
 		}
 	}
 	return log_tree_commit(&log_tree_opt, commit);
 }
 
 /* Diff two trees. */
-static int stdin_diff_trees(struct tree *tree1, char *line, int len)
+static int stdin_diff_trees(struct tree *tree1, const char *p)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct tree *tree2;
-	if (len != 82 || !isspace(line[40]) || get_sha1_hex(line + 41, sha1))
+	if (!isspace(*p++) || parse_oid_hex(p, &oid, &p) || *p)
 		return error("Need exactly two trees, separated by a space");
-	tree2 = lookup_tree(sha1);
+	tree2 = lookup_tree(the_repository, &oid);
 	if (!tree2 || parse_tree(tree2))
 		return -1;
-	printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(tree1->object.sha1),
-			  sha1_to_hex(tree2->object.sha1));
-	diff_tree_sha1(tree1->object.sha1, tree2->object.sha1,
-		       "", &log_tree_opt.diffopt);
+	printf("%s %s\n", oid_to_hex(&tree1->object.oid),
+			  oid_to_hex(&tree2->object.oid));
+	diff_tree_oid(&tree1->object.oid, &tree2->object.oid,
+		      "", &log_tree_opt.diffopt);
 	log_tree_diff_flush(&log_tree_opt);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -60,23 +60,24 @@ static int stdin_diff_trees(struct tree *tree1, char *line, int len)
 static int diff_tree_stdin(char *line)
 {
 	int len = strlen(line);
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct object *obj;
+	const char *p;
 
 	if (!len || line[len-1] != '\n')
 		return -1;
 	line[len-1] = 0;
-	if (get_sha1_hex(line, sha1))
+	if (parse_oid_hex(line, &oid, &p))
 		return -1;
-	obj = parse_object(sha1);
+	obj = parse_object(the_repository, &oid);
 	if (!obj)
 		return -1;
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
-		return stdin_diff_commit((struct commit *)obj, line, len);
+		return stdin_diff_commit((struct commit *)obj, p);
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE)
-		return stdin_diff_trees((struct tree *)obj, line, len);
+		return stdin_diff_trees((struct tree *)obj, p);
 	error("Object %s is a %s, not a commit or tree",
-	      sha1_to_hex(sha1), typename(obj->type));
+	      oid_to_hex(&oid), type_name(obj->type));
 	return -1;
 }
 
@@ -99,21 +100,26 @@ static void diff_tree_tweak_rev(struct rev_info *rev, struct setup_revision_opt
 
 int cmd_diff_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int nr_sha1;
 	char line[1000];
 	struct object *tree1, *tree2;
 	static struct rev_info *opt = &log_tree_opt;
 	struct setup_revision_opt s_r_opt;
 	int read_stdin = 0;
 
-	init_revisions(opt, prefix);
-	gitmodules_config();
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage(diff_tree_usage);
+
 	git_config(git_diff_basic_config, NULL); /* no "diff" UI options */
+	init_revisions(opt, prefix);
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		die(_("index file corrupt"));
 	opt->abbrev = 0;
 	opt->diff = 1;
 	opt->disable_stdin = 1;
 	memset(&s_r_opt, 0, sizeof(s_r_opt));
 	s_r_opt.tweak = diff_tree_tweak_rev;
+
+	precompose_argv(argc, argv);
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, opt, &s_r_opt);
 
 	while (--argc > 0) {
@@ -127,31 +133,28 @@ int cmd_diff_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * NOTE! We expect "a ^b" to be equal to "a..b", so we
-	 * reverse the order of the objects if the second one
-	 * is marked UNINTERESTING.
+	 * NOTE!  We expect "a..b" to expand to "^a b" but it is
+	 * perfectly valid for revision range parser to yield "b ^a",
+	 * which means the same thing. If we get the latter, i.e. the
+	 * second one is marked UNINTERESTING, we recover the original
+	 * order the user gave, i.e. "a..b", by swapping the trees.
 	 */
-	nr_sha1 = opt->pending.nr;
-	switch (nr_sha1) {
+	switch (opt->pending.nr) {
 	case 0:
 		if (!read_stdin)
 			usage(diff_tree_usage);
 		break;
 	case 1:
 		tree1 = opt->pending.objects[0].item;
-		diff_tree_commit_sha1(tree1->sha1);
+		diff_tree_commit_oid(&tree1->oid);
 		break;
 	case 2:
 		tree1 = opt->pending.objects[0].item;
 		tree2 = opt->pending.objects[1].item;
 		if (tree2->flags & UNINTERESTING) {
-			struct object *tmp = tree2;
-			tree2 = tree1;
-			tree1 = tmp;
+			SWAP(tree2, tree1);
 		}
-		diff_tree_sha1(tree1->sha1,
-			       tree2->sha1,
-			       "", &opt->diffopt);
+		diff_tree_oid(&tree1->oid, &tree2->oid, "", &opt->diffopt);
 		log_tree_diff_flush(opt);
 		break;
 	}
@@ -160,13 +163,15 @@ int cmd_diff_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		int saved_nrl = 0;
 		int saved_dcctc = 0;
 
-		if (opt->diffopt.detect_rename)
-			opt->diffopt.setup |= (DIFF_SETUP_USE_SIZE_CACHE |
-					       DIFF_SETUP_USE_CACHE);
+		if (opt->diffopt.detect_rename) {
+			if (!the_index.cache)
+				read_index(&the_index);
+			opt->diffopt.setup |= DIFF_SETUP_USE_SIZE_CACHE;
+		}
 		while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin)) {
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
+			struct object_id oid;
 
-			if (get_sha1_hex(line, sha1)) {
+			if (get_oid_hex(line, &oid)) {
 				fputs(line, stdout);
 				fflush(stdout);
 			}
diff --git a/builtin/diff.c b/builtin/diff.c
index 4326fa56bf..361a3c3ed3 100644
--- a/builtin/diff.c
+++ b/builtin/diff.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2006 Junio C Hamano
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "color.h"
 #include "commit.h"
@@ -20,55 +21,51 @@
 #define DIFF_NO_INDEX_EXPLICIT 1
 #define DIFF_NO_INDEX_IMPLICIT 2
 
-struct blobinfo {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	const char *name;
-	unsigned mode;
-};
-
 static const char builtin_diff_usage[] =
 "git diff [<options>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<path>...]";
 
+static const char *blob_path(struct object_array_entry *entry)
+{
+	return entry->path ? entry->path : entry->name;
+}
+
 static void stuff_change(struct diff_options *opt,
 			 unsigned old_mode, unsigned new_mode,
-			 const unsigned char *old_sha1,
-			 const unsigned char *new_sha1,
-			 int old_sha1_valid,
-			 int new_sha1_valid,
-			 const char *old_name,
-			 const char *new_name)
+			 const struct object_id *old_oid,
+			 const struct object_id *new_oid,
+			 int old_oid_valid,
+			 int new_oid_valid,
+			 const char *old_path,
+			 const char *new_path)
 {
 	struct diff_filespec *one, *two;
 
-	if (!is_null_sha1(old_sha1) && !is_null_sha1(new_sha1) &&
-	    !hashcmp(old_sha1, new_sha1) && (old_mode == new_mode))
+	if (!is_null_oid(old_oid) && !is_null_oid(new_oid) &&
+	    !oidcmp(old_oid, new_oid) && (old_mode == new_mode))
 		return;
 
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, REVERSE_DIFF)) {
-		unsigned tmp;
-		const unsigned char *tmp_u;
-		const char *tmp_c;
-		tmp = old_mode; old_mode = new_mode; new_mode = tmp;
-		tmp_u = old_sha1; old_sha1 = new_sha1; new_sha1 = tmp_u;
-		tmp_c = old_name; old_name = new_name; new_name = tmp_c;
+	if (opt->flags.reverse_diff) {
+		SWAP(old_mode, new_mode);
+		SWAP(old_oid, new_oid);
+		SWAP(old_path, new_path);
 	}
 
 	if (opt->prefix &&
-	    (strncmp(old_name, opt->prefix, opt->prefix_length) ||
-	     strncmp(new_name, opt->prefix, opt->prefix_length)))
+	    (strncmp(old_path, opt->prefix, opt->prefix_length) ||
+	     strncmp(new_path, opt->prefix, opt->prefix_length)))
 		return;
 
-	one = alloc_filespec(old_name);
-	two = alloc_filespec(new_name);
-	fill_filespec(one, old_sha1, old_sha1_valid, old_mode);
-	fill_filespec(two, new_sha1, new_sha1_valid, new_mode);
+	one = alloc_filespec(old_path);
+	two = alloc_filespec(new_path);
+	fill_filespec(one, old_oid, old_oid_valid, old_mode);
+	fill_filespec(two, new_oid, new_oid_valid, new_mode);
 
 	diff_queue(&diff_queued_diff, one, two);
 }
 
 static int builtin_diff_b_f(struct rev_info *revs,
 			    int argc, const char **argv,
-			    struct blobinfo *blob)
+			    struct object_array_entry **blob)
 {
 	/* Blob vs file in the working tree*/
 	struct stat st;
@@ -87,14 +84,15 @@ static int builtin_diff_b_f(struct rev_info *revs,
 
 	diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(&revs->diffopt, "o/", "w/");
 
-	if (blob[0].mode == S_IFINVALID)
-		blob[0].mode = canon_mode(st.st_mode);
+	if (blob[0]->mode == S_IFINVALID)
+		blob[0]->mode = canon_mode(st.st_mode);
 
 	stuff_change(&revs->diffopt,
-		     blob[0].mode, canon_mode(st.st_mode),
-		     blob[0].sha1, null_sha1,
+		     blob[0]->mode, canon_mode(st.st_mode),
+		     &blob[0]->item->oid, &null_oid,
 		     1, 0,
-		     path, path);
+		     blob[0]->path ? blob[0]->path : path,
+		     path);
 	diffcore_std(&revs->diffopt);
 	diff_flush(&revs->diffopt);
 	return 0;
@@ -102,24 +100,24 @@ static int builtin_diff_b_f(struct rev_info *revs,
 
 static int builtin_diff_blobs(struct rev_info *revs,
 			      int argc, const char **argv,
-			      struct blobinfo *blob)
+			      struct object_array_entry **blob)
 {
 	unsigned mode = canon_mode(S_IFREG | 0644);
 
 	if (argc > 1)
 		usage(builtin_diff_usage);
 
-	if (blob[0].mode == S_IFINVALID)
-		blob[0].mode = mode;
+	if (blob[0]->mode == S_IFINVALID)
+		blob[0]->mode = mode;
 
-	if (blob[1].mode == S_IFINVALID)
-		blob[1].mode = mode;
+	if (blob[1]->mode == S_IFINVALID)
+		blob[1]->mode = mode;
 
 	stuff_change(&revs->diffopt,
-		     blob[0].mode, blob[1].mode,
-		     blob[0].sha1, blob[1].sha1,
+		     blob[0]->mode, blob[1]->mode,
+		     &blob[0]->item->oid, &blob[1]->item->oid,
 		     1, 1,
-		     blob[0].name, blob[1].name);
+		     blob_path(blob[0]), blob_path(blob[1]));
 	diffcore_std(&revs->diffopt);
 	diff_flush(&revs->diffopt);
 	return 0;
@@ -163,7 +161,7 @@ static int builtin_diff_tree(struct rev_info *revs,
 			     struct object_array_entry *ent0,
 			     struct object_array_entry *ent1)
 {
-	const unsigned char *(sha1[2]);
+	const struct object_id *(oid[2]);
 	int swap = 0;
 
 	if (argc > 1)
@@ -175,9 +173,9 @@ static int builtin_diff_tree(struct rev_info *revs,
 	 */
 	if (ent1->item->flags & UNINTERESTING)
 		swap = 1;
-	sha1[swap] = ent0->item->sha1;
-	sha1[1 - swap] = ent1->item->sha1;
-	diff_tree_sha1(sha1[0], sha1[1], "", &revs->diffopt);
+	oid[swap] = &ent0->item->oid;
+	oid[1 - swap] = &ent1->item->oid;
+	diff_tree_oid(oid[0], oid[1], "", &revs->diffopt);
 	log_tree_diff_flush(revs);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -187,7 +185,7 @@ static int builtin_diff_combined(struct rev_info *revs,
 				 struct object_array_entry *ent,
 				 int ents)
 {
-	struct sha1_array parents = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct oid_array parents = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
 	int i;
 
 	if (argc > 1)
@@ -196,26 +194,25 @@ static int builtin_diff_combined(struct rev_info *revs,
 	if (!revs->dense_combined_merges && !revs->combine_merges)
 		revs->dense_combined_merges = revs->combine_merges = 1;
 	for (i = 1; i < ents; i++)
-		sha1_array_append(&parents, ent[i].item->sha1);
-	diff_tree_combined(ent[0].item->sha1, &parents,
+		oid_array_append(&parents, &ent[i].item->oid);
+	diff_tree_combined(&ent[0].item->oid, &parents,
 			   revs->dense_combined_merges, revs);
-	sha1_array_clear(&parents);
+	oid_array_clear(&parents);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static void refresh_index_quietly(void)
 {
-	struct lock_file *lock_file;
+	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
 	int fd;
 
-	lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
-	fd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 0);
+	fd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 0);
 	if (fd < 0)
 		return;
 	discard_cache();
 	read_cache();
 	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET|REFRESH_UNMERGED);
-	update_index_if_able(&the_index, lock_file);
+	update_index_if_able(&the_index, &lock_file);
 }
 
 static int builtin_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **argv)
@@ -262,7 +259,7 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	struct object_array ent = OBJECT_ARRAY_INIT;
 	int blobs = 0, paths = 0;
-	struct blobinfo blob[2];
+	struct object_array_entry *blob[2];
 	int nongit = 0, no_index = 0;
 	int result = 0;
 
@@ -301,24 +298,25 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			break;
 	}
 
-	if (!no_index)
-		prefix = setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
+	prefix = setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
 
-	/*
-	 * Treat git diff with at least one path outside of the
-	 * repo the same as if the command would have been executed
-	 * outside of a git repository.  In this case it behaves
-	 * the same way as "git diff --no-index <a> <b>", which acts
-	 * as a colourful "diff" replacement.
-	 */
-	if (nongit || ((argc == i + 2) &&
-		       (!path_inside_repo(prefix, argv[i]) ||
-			!path_inside_repo(prefix, argv[i + 1]))))
-		no_index = DIFF_NO_INDEX_IMPLICIT;
+	if (!no_index) {
+		/*
+		 * Treat git diff with at least one path outside of the
+		 * repo the same as if the command would have been executed
+		 * outside of a git repository.  In this case it behaves
+		 * the same way as "git diff --no-index <a> <b>", which acts
+		 * as a colourful "diff" replacement.
+		 */
+		if (nongit || ((argc == i + 2) &&
+			       (!path_inside_repo(prefix, argv[i]) ||
+				!path_inside_repo(prefix, argv[i + 1]))))
+			no_index = DIFF_NO_INDEX_IMPLICIT;
+	}
 
-	if (!no_index)
-		gitmodules_config();
+	init_diff_ui_defaults();
 	git_config(git_diff_ui_config, NULL);
+	precompose_argv(argc, argv);
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 
@@ -341,7 +339,7 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 	if (no_index)
 		/* If this is a no-index diff, just run it and exit there. */
-		diff_no_index(&rev, argc, argv, prefix);
+		diff_no_index(&rev, argc, argv);
 
 	/* Otherwise, we are doing the usual "git" diff */
 	rev.diffopt.skip_stat_unmatch = !!diff_auto_refresh_index;
@@ -351,8 +349,15 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	rev.diffopt.stat_graph_width = -1;
 
 	/* Default to let external and textconv be used */
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, ALLOW_EXTERNAL);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
+	rev.diffopt.flags.allow_external = 1;
+	rev.diffopt.flags.allow_textconv = 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Default to intent-to-add entries invisible in the
+	 * index. This makes them show up as new files in diff-files
+	 * and not at all in diff-cached.
+	 */
+	rev.diffopt.ita_invisible_in_index = 1;
 
 	if (nongit)
 		die(_("Not a git repository"));
@@ -362,7 +367,7 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt);
 	}
 
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, RECURSIVE);
+	rev.diffopt.flags.recursive = 1;
 
 	setup_diff_pager(&rev.diffopt);
 
@@ -381,7 +386,8 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				add_head_to_pending(&rev);
 				if (!rev.pending.nr) {
 					struct tree *tree;
-					tree = lookup_tree(EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
+					tree = lookup_tree(the_repository,
+							   the_repository->hash_algo->empty_tree);
 					add_pending_object(&rev, &tree->object, "HEAD");
 				}
 				break;
@@ -395,12 +401,12 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		const char *name = entry->name;
 		int flags = (obj->flags & UNINTERESTING);
 		if (!obj->parsed)
-			obj = parse_object(obj->sha1);
-		obj = deref_tag(obj, NULL, 0);
+			obj = parse_object(the_repository, &obj->oid);
+		obj = deref_tag(the_repository, obj, NULL, 0);
 		if (!obj)
 			die(_("invalid object '%s' given."), name);
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
-			obj = &((struct commit *)obj)->tree->object;
+			obj = &get_commit_tree(((struct commit *)obj))->object;
 
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
 			obj->flags |= flags;
@@ -408,9 +414,7 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		} else if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB) {
 			if (2 <= blobs)
 				die(_("more than two blobs given: '%s'"), name);
-			hashcpy(blob[blobs].sha1, obj->sha1);
-			blob[blobs].name = name;
-			blob[blobs].mode = entry->mode;
+			blob[blobs] = entry;
 			blobs++;
 
 		} else {
@@ -467,5 +471,8 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	result = diff_result_code(&rev.diffopt, result);
 	if (1 < rev.diffopt.skip_stat_unmatch)
 		refresh_index_quietly();
+	UNLEAK(rev);
+	UNLEAK(ent);
+	UNLEAK(blob);
 	return result;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/difftool.c b/builtin/difftool.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cdd585ca76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin/difftool.c
@@ -0,0 +1,761 @@
+/*
+ * "git difftool" builtin command
+ *
+ * This is a wrapper around the GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF-compatible
+ * git-difftool--helper script.
+ *
+ * This script exports GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and GIT_PAGER for use by git.
+ * The GIT_DIFF* variables are exported for use by git-difftool--helper.
+ *
+ * Any arguments that are unknown to this script are forwarded to 'git diff'.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 Johannes Schindelin
+ */
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "lockfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+
+static char *diff_gui_tool;
+static int trust_exit_code;
+
+static const char *const builtin_difftool_usage[] = {
+	N_("git difftool [<options>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<path>...]"),
+	NULL
+};
+
+static int difftool_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.guitool")) {
+		diff_gui_tool = xstrdup(value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "difftool.trustexitcode")) {
+		trust_exit_code = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+}
+
+static int print_tool_help(void)
+{
+	const char *argv[] = { "mergetool", "--tool-help=diff", NULL };
+	return run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+}
+
+static int parse_index_info(char *p, int *mode1, int *mode2,
+			    struct object_id *oid1, struct object_id *oid2,
+			    char *status)
+{
+	if (*p != ':')
+		return error("expected ':', got '%c'", *p);
+	*mode1 = (int)strtol(p + 1, &p, 8);
+	if (*p != ' ')
+		return error("expected ' ', got '%c'", *p);
+	*mode2 = (int)strtol(p + 1, &p, 8);
+	if (*p != ' ')
+		return error("expected ' ', got '%c'", *p);
+	if (get_oid_hex(++p, oid1))
+		return error("expected object ID, got '%s'", p + 1);
+	p += GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ;
+	if (*p != ' ')
+		return error("expected ' ', got '%c'", *p);
+	if (get_oid_hex(++p, oid2))
+		return error("expected object ID, got '%s'", p + 1);
+	p += GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ;
+	if (*p != ' ')
+		return error("expected ' ', got '%c'", *p);
+	*status = *++p;
+	if (!*status)
+		return error("missing status");
+	if (p[1] && !isdigit(p[1]))
+		return error("unexpected trailer: '%s'", p + 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Remove any trailing slash from $workdir
+ * before starting to avoid double slashes in symlink targets.
+ */
+static void add_path(struct strbuf *buf, size_t base_len, const char *path)
+{
+	strbuf_setlen(buf, base_len);
+	if (buf->len && buf->buf[buf->len - 1] != '/')
+		strbuf_addch(buf, '/');
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, path);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Determine whether we can simply reuse the file in the worktree.
+ */
+static int use_wt_file(const char *workdir, const char *name,
+		       struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct stat st;
+	int use = 0;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, workdir);
+	add_path(&buf, buf.len, name);
+
+	if (!lstat(buf.buf, &st) && !S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
+		struct object_id wt_oid;
+		int fd = open(buf.buf, O_RDONLY);
+
+		if (fd >= 0 &&
+		    !index_fd(&wt_oid, fd, &st, OBJ_BLOB, name, 0)) {
+			if (is_null_oid(oid)) {
+				oidcpy(oid, &wt_oid);
+				use = 1;
+			} else if (!oidcmp(oid, &wt_oid))
+				use = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	return use;
+}
+
+struct working_tree_entry {
+	struct hashmap_entry entry;
+	char path[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+
+static int working_tree_entry_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+				  const void *entry,
+				  const void *entry_or_key,
+				  const void *unused_keydata)
+{
+	const struct working_tree_entry *a = entry;
+	const struct working_tree_entry *b = entry_or_key;
+	return strcmp(a->path, b->path);
+}
+
+/*
+ * The `left` and `right` entries hold paths for the symlinks hashmap,
+ * and a SHA-1 surrounded by brief text for submodules.
+ */
+struct pair_entry {
+	struct hashmap_entry entry;
+	char left[PATH_MAX], right[PATH_MAX];
+	const char path[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+
+static int pair_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+		    const void *entry,
+		    const void *entry_or_key,
+		    const void *unused_keydata)
+{
+	const struct pair_entry *a = entry;
+	const struct pair_entry *b = entry_or_key;
+
+	return strcmp(a->path, b->path);
+}
+
+static void add_left_or_right(struct hashmap *map, const char *path,
+			      const char *content, int is_right)
+{
+	struct pair_entry *e, *existing;
+
+	FLEX_ALLOC_STR(e, path, path);
+	hashmap_entry_init(e, strhash(path));
+	existing = hashmap_get(map, e, NULL);
+	if (existing) {
+		free(e);
+		e = existing;
+	} else {
+		e->left[0] = e->right[0] = '\0';
+		hashmap_add(map, e);
+	}
+	strlcpy(is_right ? e->right : e->left, content, PATH_MAX);
+}
+
+struct path_entry {
+	struct hashmap_entry entry;
+	char path[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+
+static int path_entry_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+			  const void *entry,
+			  const void *entry_or_key,
+			  const void *key)
+{
+	const struct path_entry *a = entry;
+	const struct path_entry *b = entry_or_key;
+
+	return strcmp(a->path, key ? key : b->path);
+}
+
+static void changed_files(struct hashmap *result, const char *index_path,
+			  const char *workdir)
+{
+	struct child_process update_index = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	struct child_process diff_files = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	struct strbuf index_env = STRBUF_INIT, buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *git_dir = absolute_path(get_git_dir()), *env[] = {
+		NULL, NULL
+	};
+	FILE *fp;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&index_env, "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s", index_path);
+	env[0] = index_env.buf;
+
+	argv_array_pushl(&update_index.args,
+			 "--git-dir", git_dir, "--work-tree", workdir,
+			 "update-index", "--really-refresh", "-q",
+			 "--unmerged", NULL);
+	update_index.no_stdin = 1;
+	update_index.no_stdout = 1;
+	update_index.no_stderr = 1;
+	update_index.git_cmd = 1;
+	update_index.use_shell = 0;
+	update_index.clean_on_exit = 1;
+	update_index.dir = workdir;
+	update_index.env = env;
+	/* Ignore any errors of update-index */
+	run_command(&update_index);
+
+	argv_array_pushl(&diff_files.args,
+			 "--git-dir", git_dir, "--work-tree", workdir,
+			 "diff-files", "--name-only", "-z", NULL);
+	diff_files.no_stdin = 1;
+	diff_files.git_cmd = 1;
+	diff_files.use_shell = 0;
+	diff_files.clean_on_exit = 1;
+	diff_files.out = -1;
+	diff_files.dir = workdir;
+	diff_files.env = env;
+	if (start_command(&diff_files))
+		die("could not obtain raw diff");
+	fp = xfdopen(diff_files.out, "r");
+	while (!strbuf_getline_nul(&buf, fp)) {
+		struct path_entry *entry;
+		FLEX_ALLOC_STR(entry, path, buf.buf);
+		hashmap_entry_init(entry, strhash(buf.buf));
+		hashmap_add(result, entry);
+	}
+	fclose(fp);
+	if (finish_command(&diff_files))
+		die("diff-files did not exit properly");
+	strbuf_release(&index_env);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static NORETURN void exit_cleanup(const char *tmpdir, int exit_code)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, tmpdir);
+	remove_dir_recursively(&buf, 0);
+	if (exit_code)
+		warning(_("failed: %d"), exit_code);
+	exit(exit_code);
+}
+
+static int ensure_leading_directories(char *path)
+{
+	switch (safe_create_leading_directories(path)) {
+		case SCLD_OK:
+		case SCLD_EXISTS:
+			return 0;
+		default:
+			return error(_("could not create leading directories "
+				       "of '%s'"), path);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Unconditional writing of a plain regular file is what
+ * "git difftool --dir-diff" wants to do for symlinks.  We are preparing two
+ * temporary directories to be fed to a Git-unaware tool that knows how to
+ * show a diff of two directories (e.g. "diff -r A B").
+ *
+ * Because the tool is Git-unaware, if a symbolic link appears in either of
+ * these temporary directories, it will try to dereference and show the
+ * difference of the target of the symbolic link, which is not what we want,
+ * as the goal of the dir-diff mode is to produce an output that is logically
+ * equivalent to what "git diff" produces.
+ *
+ * Most importantly, we want to get textual comparison of the result of the
+ * readlink(2).  get_symlink() provides that---it returns the contents of
+ * the symlink that gets written to a regular file to force the external tool
+ * to compare the readlink(2) result as text, even on a filesystem that is
+ * capable of doing a symbolic link.
+ */
+static char *get_symlink(const struct object_id *oid, const char *path)
+{
+	char *data;
+	if (is_null_oid(oid)) {
+		/* The symlink is unknown to Git so read from the filesystem */
+		struct strbuf link = STRBUF_INIT;
+		if (has_symlinks) {
+			if (strbuf_readlink(&link, path, strlen(path)))
+				die(_("could not read symlink %s"), path);
+		} else if (strbuf_read_file(&link, path, 128))
+			die(_("could not read symlink file %s"), path);
+
+		data = strbuf_detach(&link, NULL);
+	} else {
+		enum object_type type;
+		unsigned long size;
+		data = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
+		if (!data)
+			die(_("could not read object %s for symlink %s"),
+				oid_to_hex(oid), path);
+	}
+
+	return data;
+}
+
+static int checkout_path(unsigned mode, struct object_id *oid,
+			 const char *path, const struct checkout *state)
+{
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+	int ret;
+
+	ce = make_transient_cache_entry(mode, oid, path, 0);
+	ret = checkout_entry(ce, state, NULL);
+
+	discard_cache_entry(ce);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int run_dir_diff(const char *extcmd, int symlinks, const char *prefix,
+			int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	char tmpdir[PATH_MAX];
+	struct strbuf info = STRBUF_INIT, lpath = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf rpath = STRBUF_INIT, buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf ldir = STRBUF_INIT, rdir = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf wtdir = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *lbase_dir, *rbase_dir;
+	size_t ldir_len, rdir_len, wtdir_len;
+	const char *workdir, *tmp;
+	int ret = 0, i;
+	FILE *fp;
+	struct hashmap working_tree_dups, submodules, symlinks2;
+	struct hashmap_iter iter;
+	struct pair_entry *entry;
+	struct index_state wtindex;
+	struct checkout lstate, rstate;
+	int rc, flags = RUN_GIT_CMD, err = 0;
+	struct child_process child = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	const char *helper_argv[] = { "difftool--helper", NULL, NULL, NULL };
+	struct hashmap wt_modified, tmp_modified;
+	int indices_loaded = 0;
+
+	workdir = get_git_work_tree();
+
+	/* Setup temp directories */
+	tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
+	xsnprintf(tmpdir, sizeof(tmpdir), "%s/git-difftool.XXXXXX", tmp ? tmp : "/tmp");
+	if (!mkdtemp(tmpdir))
+		return error("could not create '%s'", tmpdir);
+	strbuf_addf(&ldir, "%s/left/", tmpdir);
+	strbuf_addf(&rdir, "%s/right/", tmpdir);
+	strbuf_addstr(&wtdir, workdir);
+	if (!wtdir.len || !is_dir_sep(wtdir.buf[wtdir.len - 1]))
+		strbuf_addch(&wtdir, '/');
+	mkdir(ldir.buf, 0700);
+	mkdir(rdir.buf, 0700);
+
+	memset(&wtindex, 0, sizeof(wtindex));
+
+	memset(&lstate, 0, sizeof(lstate));
+	lstate.base_dir = lbase_dir = xstrdup(ldir.buf);
+	lstate.base_dir_len = ldir.len;
+	lstate.force = 1;
+	memset(&rstate, 0, sizeof(rstate));
+	rstate.base_dir = rbase_dir = xstrdup(rdir.buf);
+	rstate.base_dir_len = rdir.len;
+	rstate.force = 1;
+
+	ldir_len = ldir.len;
+	rdir_len = rdir.len;
+	wtdir_len = wtdir.len;
+
+	hashmap_init(&working_tree_dups, working_tree_entry_cmp, NULL, 0);
+	hashmap_init(&submodules, pair_cmp, NULL, 0);
+	hashmap_init(&symlinks2, pair_cmp, NULL, 0);
+
+	child.no_stdin = 1;
+	child.git_cmd = 1;
+	child.use_shell = 0;
+	child.clean_on_exit = 1;
+	child.dir = prefix;
+	child.out = -1;
+	argv_array_pushl(&child.args, "diff", "--raw", "--no-abbrev", "-z",
+			 NULL);
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
+		argv_array_push(&child.args, argv[i]);
+	if (start_command(&child))
+		die("could not obtain raw diff");
+	fp = xfdopen(child.out, "r");
+
+	/* Build index info for left and right sides of the diff */
+	i = 0;
+	while (!strbuf_getline_nul(&info, fp)) {
+		int lmode, rmode;
+		struct object_id loid, roid;
+		char status;
+		const char *src_path, *dst_path;
+
+		if (starts_with(info.buf, "::"))
+			die(N_("combined diff formats('-c' and '--cc') are "
+			       "not supported in\n"
+			       "directory diff mode('-d' and '--dir-diff')."));
+
+		if (parse_index_info(info.buf, &lmode, &rmode, &loid, &roid,
+				     &status))
+			break;
+		if (strbuf_getline_nul(&lpath, fp))
+			break;
+		src_path = lpath.buf;
+
+		i++;
+		if (status != 'C' && status != 'R') {
+			dst_path = src_path;
+		} else {
+			if (strbuf_getline_nul(&rpath, fp))
+				break;
+			dst_path = rpath.buf;
+		}
+
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(lmode) || S_ISGITLINK(rmode)) {
+			strbuf_reset(&buf);
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "Subproject commit %s",
+				    oid_to_hex(&loid));
+			add_left_or_right(&submodules, src_path, buf.buf, 0);
+			strbuf_reset(&buf);
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "Subproject commit %s",
+				    oid_to_hex(&roid));
+			if (!oidcmp(&loid, &roid))
+				strbuf_addstr(&buf, "-dirty");
+			add_left_or_right(&submodules, dst_path, buf.buf, 1);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (S_ISLNK(lmode)) {
+			char *content = get_symlink(&loid, src_path);
+			add_left_or_right(&symlinks2, src_path, content, 0);
+			free(content);
+		}
+
+		if (S_ISLNK(rmode)) {
+			char *content = get_symlink(&roid, dst_path);
+			add_left_or_right(&symlinks2, dst_path, content, 1);
+			free(content);
+		}
+
+		if (lmode && status != 'C') {
+			if (checkout_path(lmode, &loid, src_path, &lstate)) {
+				ret = error("could not write '%s'", src_path);
+				goto finish;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (rmode && !S_ISLNK(rmode)) {
+			struct working_tree_entry *entry;
+
+			/* Avoid duplicate working_tree entries */
+			FLEX_ALLOC_STR(entry, path, dst_path);
+			hashmap_entry_init(entry, strhash(dst_path));
+			if (hashmap_get(&working_tree_dups, entry, NULL)) {
+				free(entry);
+				continue;
+			}
+			hashmap_add(&working_tree_dups, entry);
+
+			if (!use_wt_file(workdir, dst_path, &roid)) {
+				if (checkout_path(rmode, &roid, dst_path,
+						  &rstate)) {
+					ret = error("could not write '%s'",
+						    dst_path);
+					goto finish;
+				}
+			} else if (!is_null_oid(&roid)) {
+				/*
+				 * Changes in the working tree need special
+				 * treatment since they are not part of the
+				 * index.
+				 */
+				struct cache_entry *ce2 =
+					make_cache_entry(&wtindex, rmode, &roid,
+							 dst_path, 0, 0);
+
+				add_index_entry(&wtindex, ce2,
+						ADD_CACHE_JUST_APPEND);
+
+				add_path(&rdir, rdir_len, dst_path);
+				if (ensure_leading_directories(rdir.buf)) {
+					ret = error("could not create "
+						    "directory for '%s'",
+						    dst_path);
+					goto finish;
+				}
+				add_path(&wtdir, wtdir_len, dst_path);
+				if (symlinks) {
+					if (symlink(wtdir.buf, rdir.buf)) {
+						ret = error_errno("could not symlink '%s' to '%s'", wtdir.buf, rdir.buf);
+						goto finish;
+					}
+				} else {
+					struct stat st;
+					if (stat(wtdir.buf, &st))
+						st.st_mode = 0644;
+					if (copy_file(rdir.buf, wtdir.buf,
+						      st.st_mode)) {
+						ret = error("could not copy '%s' to '%s'", wtdir.buf, rdir.buf);
+						goto finish;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	fclose(fp);
+	fp = NULL;
+	if (finish_command(&child)) {
+		ret = error("error occurred running diff --raw");
+		goto finish;
+	}
+
+	if (!i)
+		goto finish;
+
+	/*
+	 * Changes to submodules require special treatment.This loop writes a
+	 * temporary file to both the left and right directories to show the
+	 * change in the recorded SHA1 for the submodule.
+	 */
+	hashmap_iter_init(&submodules, &iter);
+	while ((entry = hashmap_iter_next(&iter))) {
+		if (*entry->left) {
+			add_path(&ldir, ldir_len, entry->path);
+			ensure_leading_directories(ldir.buf);
+			write_file(ldir.buf, "%s", entry->left);
+		}
+		if (*entry->right) {
+			add_path(&rdir, rdir_len, entry->path);
+			ensure_leading_directories(rdir.buf);
+			write_file(rdir.buf, "%s", entry->right);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Symbolic links require special treatment.The standard "git diff"
+	 * shows only the link itself, not the contents of the link target.
+	 * This loop replicates that behavior.
+	 */
+	hashmap_iter_init(&symlinks2, &iter);
+	while ((entry = hashmap_iter_next(&iter))) {
+		if (*entry->left) {
+			add_path(&ldir, ldir_len, entry->path);
+			ensure_leading_directories(ldir.buf);
+			write_file(ldir.buf, "%s", entry->left);
+		}
+		if (*entry->right) {
+			add_path(&rdir, rdir_len, entry->path);
+			ensure_leading_directories(rdir.buf);
+			write_file(rdir.buf, "%s", entry->right);
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	strbuf_setlen(&ldir, ldir_len);
+	helper_argv[1] = ldir.buf;
+	strbuf_setlen(&rdir, rdir_len);
+	helper_argv[2] = rdir.buf;
+
+	if (extcmd) {
+		helper_argv[0] = extcmd;
+		flags = 0;
+	} else
+		setenv("GIT_DIFFTOOL_DIRDIFF", "true", 1);
+	rc = run_command_v_opt(helper_argv, flags);
+
+	/*
+	 * If the diff includes working copy files and those
+	 * files were modified during the diff, then the changes
+	 * should be copied back to the working tree.
+	 * Do not copy back files when symlinks are used and the
+	 * external tool did not replace the original link with a file.
+	 *
+	 * These hashes are loaded lazily since they aren't needed
+	 * in the common case of --symlinks and the difftool updating
+	 * files through the symlink.
+	 */
+	hashmap_init(&wt_modified, path_entry_cmp, NULL, wtindex.cache_nr);
+	hashmap_init(&tmp_modified, path_entry_cmp, NULL, wtindex.cache_nr);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < wtindex.cache_nr; i++) {
+		struct hashmap_entry dummy;
+		const char *name = wtindex.cache[i]->name;
+		struct stat st;
+
+		add_path(&rdir, rdir_len, name);
+		if (lstat(rdir.buf, &st))
+			continue;
+
+		if ((symlinks && S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+			continue;
+
+		if (!indices_loaded) {
+			struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
+			strbuf_reset(&buf);
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s/wtindex", tmpdir);
+			if (hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, buf.buf, 0) < 0 ||
+			    write_locked_index(&wtindex, &lock, COMMIT_LOCK)) {
+				ret = error("could not write %s", buf.buf);
+				goto finish;
+			}
+			changed_files(&wt_modified, buf.buf, workdir);
+			strbuf_setlen(&rdir, rdir_len);
+			changed_files(&tmp_modified, buf.buf, rdir.buf);
+			add_path(&rdir, rdir_len, name);
+			indices_loaded = 1;
+		}
+
+		hashmap_entry_init(&dummy, strhash(name));
+		if (hashmap_get(&tmp_modified, &dummy, name)) {
+			add_path(&wtdir, wtdir_len, name);
+			if (hashmap_get(&wt_modified, &dummy, name)) {
+				warning(_("both files modified: '%s' and '%s'."),
+					wtdir.buf, rdir.buf);
+				warning(_("working tree file has been left."));
+				warning("%s", "");
+				err = 1;
+			} else if (unlink(wtdir.buf) ||
+				   copy_file(wtdir.buf, rdir.buf, st.st_mode))
+				warning_errno(_("could not copy '%s' to '%s'"),
+					      rdir.buf, wtdir.buf);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (err) {
+		warning(_("temporary files exist in '%s'."), tmpdir);
+		warning(_("you may want to cleanup or recover these."));
+		exit(1);
+	} else
+		exit_cleanup(tmpdir, rc);
+
+finish:
+	if (fp)
+		fclose(fp);
+
+	free(lbase_dir);
+	free(rbase_dir);
+	strbuf_release(&ldir);
+	strbuf_release(&rdir);
+	strbuf_release(&wtdir);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int run_file_diff(int prompt, const char *prefix,
+			 int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct argv_array args = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	const char *env[] = {
+		"GIT_PAGER=", "GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF=git-difftool--helper", NULL,
+		NULL
+	};
+	int ret = 0, i;
+
+	if (prompt > 0)
+		env[2] = "GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT=true";
+	else if (!prompt)
+		env[2] = "GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT=true";
+
+
+	argv_array_push(&args, "diff");
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
+		argv_array_push(&args, argv[i]);
+	ret = run_command_v_opt_cd_env(args.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD, prefix, env);
+	exit(ret);
+}
+
+int cmd_difftool(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int use_gui_tool = 0, dir_diff = 0, prompt = -1, symlinks = 0,
+	    tool_help = 0;
+	static char *difftool_cmd = NULL, *extcmd = NULL;
+	struct option builtin_difftool_options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOL('g', "gui", &use_gui_tool,
+			 N_("use `diff.guitool` instead of `diff.tool`")),
+		OPT_BOOL('d', "dir-diff", &dir_diff,
+			 N_("perform a full-directory diff")),
+		OPT_SET_INT_F('y', "no-prompt", &prompt,
+			N_("do not prompt before launching a diff tool"),
+			0, PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
+		OPT_SET_INT_F(0, "prompt", &prompt, NULL,
+			1, PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "symlinks", &symlinks,
+			 N_("use symlinks in dir-diff mode")),
+		OPT_STRING('t', "tool", &difftool_cmd, N_("tool"),
+			   N_("use the specified diff tool")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "tool-help", &tool_help,
+			 N_("print a list of diff tools that may be used with "
+			    "`--tool`")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "trust-exit-code", &trust_exit_code,
+			 N_("make 'git-difftool' exit when an invoked diff "
+			    "tool returns a non - zero exit code")),
+		OPT_STRING('x', "extcmd", &extcmd, N_("command"),
+			   N_("specify a custom command for viewing diffs")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	git_config(difftool_config, NULL);
+	symlinks = has_symlinks;
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_difftool_options,
+			     builtin_difftool_usage, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN |
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
+
+	if (tool_help)
+		return print_tool_help();
+
+	/* NEEDSWORK: once we no longer spawn anything, remove this */
+	setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, absolute_path(get_git_dir()), 1);
+	setenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, absolute_path(get_git_work_tree()), 1);
+
+	if (use_gui_tool && diff_gui_tool && *diff_gui_tool)
+		setenv("GIT_DIFF_TOOL", diff_gui_tool, 1);
+	else if (difftool_cmd) {
+		if (*difftool_cmd)
+			setenv("GIT_DIFF_TOOL", difftool_cmd, 1);
+		else
+			die(_("no <tool> given for --tool=<tool>"));
+	}
+
+	if (extcmd) {
+		if (*extcmd)
+			setenv("GIT_DIFFTOOL_EXTCMD", extcmd, 1);
+		else
+			die(_("no <cmd> given for --extcmd=<cmd>"));
+	}
+
+	setenv("GIT_DIFFTOOL_TRUST_EXIT_CODE",
+	       trust_exit_code ? "true" : "false", 1);
+
+	/*
+	 * In directory diff mode, 'git-difftool--helper' is called once
+	 * to compare the a / b directories. In file diff mode, 'git diff'
+	 * will invoke a separate instance of 'git-difftool--helper' for
+	 * each file that changed.
+	 */
+	if (dir_diff)
+		return run_dir_diff(extcmd, symlinks, prefix, argc, argv);
+	return run_file_diff(prompt, prefix, argc, argv);
+}
diff --git a/builtin/fast-export.c b/builtin/fast-export.c
index b8182c241d..9bd8a14b57 100644
--- a/builtin/fast-export.c
+++ b/builtin/fast-export.c
@@ -5,6 +5,10 @@
  */
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "refspec.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "tag.h"
@@ -19,6 +23,7 @@
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "blob.h"
+#include "commit-slab.h"
 
 static const char *fast_export_usage[] = {
 	N_("git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"),
@@ -33,9 +38,9 @@ static int use_done_feature;
 static int no_data;
 static int full_tree;
 static struct string_list extra_refs = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
-static struct refspec *refspecs;
-static int refspecs_nr;
+static struct refspec refspecs = REFSPEC_INIT_FETCH;
 static int anonymize;
+static struct revision_sources revision_sources;
 
 static int parse_opt_signed_tag_mode(const struct option *opt,
 				     const char *arg, int unset)
@@ -91,8 +96,9 @@ struct anonymized_entry {
 	size_t anon_len;
 };
 
-static int anonymized_entry_cmp(const void *va, const void *vb,
-				const void *data)
+static int anonymized_entry_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+				const void *va, const void *vb,
+				const void *unused_keydata)
 {
 	const struct anonymized_entry *a = va, *b = vb;
 	return a->orig_len != b->orig_len ||
@@ -111,7 +117,7 @@ static const void *anonymize_mem(struct hashmap *map,
 	struct anonymized_entry key, *ret;
 
 	if (!map->cmpfn)
-		hashmap_init(map, anonymized_entry_cmp, 0);
+		hashmap_init(map, anonymized_entry_cmp, NULL, 0);
 
 	hashmap_entry_init(&key, memhash(orig, *len));
 	key.orig = orig;
@@ -153,15 +159,14 @@ static void anonymize_path(struct strbuf *out, const char *path,
 	}
 }
 
-/* Since intptr_t is C99, we do not use it here */
-static inline uint32_t *mark_to_ptr(uint32_t mark)
+static inline void *mark_to_ptr(uint32_t mark)
 {
-	return ((uint32_t *)NULL) + mark;
+	return (void *)(uintptr_t)mark;
 }
 
 static inline uint32_t ptr_to_mark(void * mark)
 {
-	return (uint32_t *)mark - (uint32_t *)NULL;
+	return (uint32_t)(uintptr_t)mark;
 }
 
 static inline void mark_object(struct object *object, uint32_t mark)
@@ -211,7 +216,7 @@ static char *anonymize_blob(unsigned long *size)
 	return strbuf_detach(&out, NULL);
 }
 
-static void export_blob(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static void export_blob(const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
@@ -222,34 +227,35 @@ static void export_blob(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	if (no_data)
 		return;
 
-	if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
+	if (is_null_oid(oid))
 		return;
 
-	object = lookup_object(sha1);
+	object = lookup_object(the_repository, oid->hash);
 	if (object && object->flags & SHOWN)
 		return;
 
 	if (anonymize) {
 		buf = anonymize_blob(&size);
-		object = (struct object *)lookup_blob(sha1);
+		object = (struct object *)lookup_blob(the_repository, oid);
 		eaten = 0;
 	} else {
-		buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+		buf = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
 		if (!buf)
-			die ("Could not read blob %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		if (check_sha1_signature(sha1, buf, size, typename(type)) < 0)
-			die("sha1 mismatch in blob %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		object = parse_object_buffer(sha1, type, size, buf, &eaten);
+			die("could not read blob %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
+		if (check_object_signature(oid, buf, size, type_name(type)) < 0)
+			die("sha1 mismatch in blob %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
+		object = parse_object_buffer(the_repository, oid, type,
+					     size, buf, &eaten);
 	}
 
 	if (!object)
-		die("Could not read blob %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		die("Could not read blob %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
 
 	mark_next_object(object);
 
 	printf("blob\nmark :%"PRIu32"\ndata %lu\n", last_idnum, size);
 	if (size && fwrite(buf, size, 1, stdout) != 1)
-		die_errno ("Could not write blob '%s'", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		die_errno("could not write blob '%s'", oid_to_hex(oid));
 	printf("\n");
 
 	show_progress();
@@ -322,31 +328,32 @@ static void print_path(const char *path)
 	}
 }
 
-static void *generate_fake_sha1(const void *old, size_t *len)
+static void *generate_fake_oid(const void *old, size_t *len)
 {
 	static uint32_t counter = 1; /* avoid null sha1 */
-	unsigned char *out = xcalloc(20, 1);
-	put_be32(out + 16, counter++);
+	unsigned char *out = xcalloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ, 1);
+	put_be32(out + GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ - 4, counter++);
 	return out;
 }
 
-static const unsigned char *anonymize_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static const unsigned char *anonymize_sha1(const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	static struct hashmap sha1s;
-	size_t len = 20;
-	return anonymize_mem(&sha1s, generate_fake_sha1, sha1, &len);
+	size_t len = GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ;
+	return anonymize_mem(&sha1s, generate_fake_oid, oid, &len);
 }
 
 static void show_filemodify(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 			    struct diff_options *options, void *data)
 {
 	int i;
+	struct string_list *changed = data;
 
 	/*
 	 * Handle files below a directory first, in case they are all deleted
 	 * and the directory changes to a file or symlink.
 	 */
-	qsort(q->queue, q->nr, sizeof(q->queue[0]), depth_first);
+	QSORT(q->queue, q->nr, depth_first);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
 		struct diff_filespec *ospec = q->queue[i]->one;
@@ -356,20 +363,31 @@ static void show_filemodify(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 		case DIFF_STATUS_DELETED:
 			printf("D ");
 			print_path(spec->path);
+			string_list_insert(changed, spec->path);
 			putchar('\n');
 			break;
 
 		case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
 		case DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED:
-			printf("%c ", q->queue[i]->status);
-			print_path(ospec->path);
-			putchar(' ');
-			print_path(spec->path);
-			putchar('\n');
-
-			if (!hashcmp(ospec->sha1, spec->sha1) &&
-			    ospec->mode == spec->mode)
-				break;
+			/*
+			 * If a change in the file corresponding to ospec->path
+			 * has been observed, we cannot trust its contents
+			 * because the diff is calculated based on the prior
+			 * contents, not the current contents.  So, declare a
+			 * copy or rename only if there was no change observed.
+			 */
+			if (!string_list_has_string(changed, ospec->path)) {
+				printf("%c ", q->queue[i]->status);
+				print_path(ospec->path);
+				putchar(' ');
+				print_path(spec->path);
+				string_list_insert(changed, spec->path);
+				putchar('\n');
+
+				if (!oidcmp(&ospec->oid, &spec->oid) &&
+				    ospec->mode == spec->mode)
+					break;
+			}
 			/* fallthrough */
 
 		case DIFF_STATUS_TYPE_CHANGED:
@@ -382,14 +400,16 @@ static void show_filemodify(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 			if (no_data || S_ISGITLINK(spec->mode))
 				printf("M %06o %s ", spec->mode,
 				       sha1_to_hex(anonymize ?
-						   anonymize_sha1(spec->sha1) :
-						   spec->sha1));
+						   anonymize_sha1(&spec->oid) :
+						   spec->oid.hash));
 			else {
-				struct object *object = lookup_object(spec->sha1);
+				struct object *object = lookup_object(the_repository,
+								      spec->oid.hash);
 				printf("M %06o :%d ", spec->mode,
 				       get_object_mark(object));
 			}
 			print_path(spec->path);
+			string_list_insert(changed, spec->path);
 			putchar('\n');
 			break;
 
@@ -501,7 +521,7 @@ static void anonymize_ident_line(const char **beg, const char **end)
 	/* skip "committer", "author", "tagger", etc */
 	end_of_header = strchr(*beg, ' ');
 	if (!end_of_header)
-		die("BUG: malformed line fed to anonymize_ident_line: %.*s",
+		BUG("malformed line fed to anonymize_ident_line: %.*s",
 		    (int)(*end - *beg), *beg);
 	end_of_header++;
 	strbuf_add(out, *beg, end_of_header - *beg);
@@ -525,7 +545,8 @@ static void anonymize_ident_line(const char **beg, const char **end)
 	*end = out->buf + out->len;
 }
 
-static void handle_commit(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *rev)
+static void handle_commit(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *rev,
+			  struct string_list *paths_of_changed_objects)
 {
 	int saved_output_format = rev->diffopt.output_format;
 	const char *commit_buffer;
@@ -542,14 +563,14 @@ static void handle_commit(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *rev)
 	commit_buffer = get_commit_buffer(commit, NULL);
 	author = strstr(commit_buffer, "\nauthor ");
 	if (!author)
-		die ("Could not find author in commit %s",
-		     sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		die("could not find author in commit %s",
+		    oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 	author++;
 	author_end = strchrnul(author, '\n');
 	committer = strstr(author_end, "\ncommitter ");
 	if (!committer)
-		die ("Could not find committer in commit %s",
-		     sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		die("could not find committer in commit %s",
+		    oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 	committer++;
 	committer_end = strchrnul(committer, '\n');
 	message = strstr(committer_end, "\n\n");
@@ -561,19 +582,19 @@ static void handle_commit(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *rev)
 	    get_object_mark(&commit->parents->item->object) != 0 &&
 	    !full_tree) {
 		parse_commit_or_die(commit->parents->item);
-		diff_tree_sha1(commit->parents->item->tree->object.sha1,
-			       commit->tree->object.sha1, "", &rev->diffopt);
+		diff_tree_oid(get_commit_tree_oid(commit->parents->item),
+			      get_commit_tree_oid(commit), "", &rev->diffopt);
 	}
 	else
-		diff_root_tree_sha1(commit->tree->object.sha1,
-				    "", &rev->diffopt);
+		diff_root_tree_oid(get_commit_tree_oid(commit),
+				   "", &rev->diffopt);
 
 	/* Export the referenced blobs, and remember the marks. */
 	for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++)
 		if (!S_ISGITLINK(diff_queued_diff.queue[i]->two->mode))
-			export_blob(diff_queued_diff.queue[i]->two->sha1);
+			export_blob(&diff_queued_diff.queue[i]->two->oid);
 
-	refname = commit->util;
+	refname = *revision_sources_at(&revision_sources, commit);
 	if (anonymize) {
 		refname = anonymize_refname(refname);
 		anonymize_ident_line(&committer, &committer_end);
@@ -612,6 +633,7 @@ static void handle_commit(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *rev)
 	if (full_tree)
 		printf("deleteall\n");
 	log_tree_diff_flush(rev);
+	string_list_clear(paths_of_changed_objects, 0);
 	rev->diffopt.output_format = saved_output_format;
 
 	printf("\n");
@@ -627,15 +649,18 @@ static void *anonymize_tag(const void *old, size_t *len)
 	return strbuf_detach(&out, len);
 }
 
-static void handle_tail(struct object_array *commits, struct rev_info *revs)
+static void handle_tail(struct object_array *commits, struct rev_info *revs,
+			struct string_list *paths_of_changed_objects)
 {
 	struct commit *commit;
 	while (commits->nr) {
-		commit = (struct commit *)commits->objects[commits->nr - 1].item;
-		if (has_unshown_parent(commit))
+		commit = (struct commit *)object_array_pop(commits);
+		if (has_unshown_parent(commit)) {
+			/* Queue again, to be handled later */
+			add_object_array(&commit->object, NULL, commits);
 			return;
-		handle_commit(commit, revs);
-		commits->nr--;
+		}
+		handle_commit(commit, revs, paths_of_changed_objects);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -660,13 +685,13 @@ static void handle_tag(const char *name, struct tag *tag)
 	}
 	if (tagged->type == OBJ_TREE) {
 		warning("Omitting tag %s,\nsince tags of trees (or tags of tags of trees, etc.) are not supported.",
-			sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
+			oid_to_hex(&tag->object.oid));
 		return;
 	}
 
-	buf = read_sha1_file(tag->object.sha1, &type, &size);
+	buf = read_object_file(&tag->object.oid, &type, &size);
 	if (!buf)
-		die ("Could not read tag %s", sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
+		die("could not read tag %s", oid_to_hex(&tag->object.oid));
 	message = memmem(buf, size, "\n\n", 2);
 	if (message) {
 		message += 2;
@@ -703,18 +728,18 @@ static void handle_tag(const char *name, struct tag *tag)
 		if (signature)
 			switch(signed_tag_mode) {
 			case ABORT:
-				die ("Encountered signed tag %s; use "
-				     "--signed-tags=<mode> to handle it.",
-				     sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
+				die("encountered signed tag %s; use "
+				    "--signed-tags=<mode> to handle it",
+				    oid_to_hex(&tag->object.oid));
 			case WARN:
-				warning ("Exporting signed tag %s",
-					 sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
+				warning("exporting signed tag %s",
+					oid_to_hex(&tag->object.oid));
 				/* fallthru */
 			case VERBATIM:
 				break;
 			case WARN_STRIP:
-				warning ("Stripping signature from tag %s",
-					 sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
+				warning("stripping signature from tag %s",
+					oid_to_hex(&tag->object.oid));
 				/* fallthru */
 			case STRIP:
 				message_size = signature + 1 - message;
@@ -728,17 +753,18 @@ static void handle_tag(const char *name, struct tag *tag)
 	if (!tagged_mark) {
 		switch(tag_of_filtered_mode) {
 		case ABORT:
-			die ("Tag %s tags unexported object; use "
-			     "--tag-of-filtered-object=<mode> to handle it.",
-			     sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
+			die("tag %s tags unexported object; use "
+			    "--tag-of-filtered-object=<mode> to handle it",
+			    oid_to_hex(&tag->object.oid));
 		case DROP:
 			/* Ignore this tag altogether */
+			free(buf);
 			return;
 		case REWRITE:
 			if (tagged->type != OBJ_COMMIT) {
-				die ("Tag %s tags unexported %s!",
-				     sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1),
-				     typename(tagged->type));
+				die("tag %s tags unexported %s!",
+				    oid_to_hex(&tag->object.oid),
+				    type_name(tagged->type));
 			}
 			p = (struct commit *)tagged;
 			for (;;) {
@@ -749,8 +775,8 @@ static void handle_tag(const char *name, struct tag *tag)
 				if (!(p->object.flags & TREESAME))
 					break;
 				if (!p->parents)
-					die ("Can't find replacement commit for tag %s\n",
-					     sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
+					die("can't find replacement commit for tag %s",
+					     oid_to_hex(&tag->object.oid));
 				p = p->parents->item;
 			}
 			tagged_mark = get_object_mark(&p->object);
@@ -764,6 +790,7 @@ static void handle_tag(const char *name, struct tag *tag)
 	       (int)(tagger_end - tagger), tagger,
 	       tagger == tagger_end ? "" : "\n",
 	       (int)message_size, (int)message_size, message ? message : "");
+	free(buf);
 }
 
 static struct commit *get_commit(struct rev_cmdline_entry *e, char *full_name)
@@ -776,7 +803,7 @@ static struct commit *get_commit(struct rev_cmdline_entry *e, char *full_name)
 
 		/* handle nested tags */
 		while (tag && tag->object.type == OBJ_TAG) {
-			parse_object(tag->object.sha1);
+			parse_object(the_repository, &tag->object.oid);
 			string_list_append(&extra_refs, full_name)->util = tag;
 			tag = (struct tag *)tag->tagged;
 		}
@@ -796,19 +823,19 @@ static void get_tags_and_duplicates(struct rev_cmdline_info *info)
 
 	for (i = 0; i < info->nr; i++) {
 		struct rev_cmdline_entry *e = info->rev + i;
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		struct commit *commit;
 		char *full_name;
 
 		if (e->flags & UNINTERESTING)
 			continue;
 
-		if (dwim_ref(e->name, strlen(e->name), sha1, &full_name) != 1)
+		if (dwim_ref(e->name, strlen(e->name), &oid, &full_name) != 1)
 			continue;
 
-		if (refspecs) {
+		if (refspecs.nr) {
 			char *private;
-			private = apply_refspecs(refspecs, refspecs_nr, full_name);
+			private = apply_refspecs(&refspecs, full_name);
 			if (private) {
 				free(full_name);
 				full_name = private;
@@ -819,7 +846,7 @@ static void get_tags_and_duplicates(struct rev_cmdline_info *info)
 		if (!commit) {
 			warning("%s: Unexpected object of type %s, skipping.",
 				e->name,
-				typename(e->item->type));
+				type_name(e->item->type));
 			continue;
 		}
 
@@ -827,11 +854,11 @@ static void get_tags_and_duplicates(struct rev_cmdline_info *info)
 		case OBJ_COMMIT:
 			break;
 		case OBJ_BLOB:
-			export_blob(commit->object.sha1);
+			export_blob(&commit->object.oid);
 			continue;
 		default: /* OBJ_TAG (nested tags) is already handled */
 			warning("Tag points to object of unexpected type %s, skipping.",
-				typename(commit->object.type));
+				type_name(commit->object.type));
 			continue;
 		}
 
@@ -839,10 +866,11 @@ static void get_tags_and_duplicates(struct rev_cmdline_info *info)
 		 * This ref will not be updated through a commit, lets make
 		 * sure it gets properly updated eventually.
 		 */
-		if (commit->util || commit->object.flags & SHOWN)
+		if (*revision_sources_at(&revision_sources, commit) ||
+		    commit->object.flags & SHOWN)
 			string_list_append(&extra_refs, full_name)->util = commit;
-		if (!commit->util)
-			commit->util = full_name;
+		if (!*revision_sources_at(&revision_sources, commit))
+			*revision_sources_at(&revision_sources, commit) = full_name;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -875,11 +903,11 @@ static void export_marks(char *file)
 {
 	unsigned int i;
 	uint32_t mark;
-	struct object_decoration *deco = idnums.hash;
+	struct decoration_entry *deco = idnums.entries;
 	FILE *f;
 	int e = 0;
 
-	f = fopen(file, "w");
+	f = fopen_for_writing(file);
 	if (!f)
 		die_errno("Unable to open marks file %s for writing.", file);
 
@@ -887,7 +915,7 @@ static void export_marks(char *file)
 		if (deco->base && deco->base->type == 1) {
 			mark = ptr_to_mark(deco->decoration);
 			if (fprintf(f, ":%"PRIu32" %s\n", mark,
-				sha1_to_hex(deco->base->sha1)) < 0) {
+				oid_to_hex(&deco->base->oid)) < 0) {
 			    e = 1;
 			    break;
 			}
@@ -904,14 +932,12 @@ static void export_marks(char *file)
 static void import_marks(char *input_file)
 {
 	char line[512];
-	FILE *f = fopen(input_file, "r");
-	if (!f)
-		die_errno("cannot read '%s'", input_file);
+	FILE *f = xfopen(input_file, "r");
 
 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
 		uint32_t mark;
 		char *line_end, *mark_end;
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		struct object *object;
 		struct commit *commit;
 		enum object_type type;
@@ -923,28 +949,28 @@ static void import_marks(char *input_file)
 
 		mark = strtoumax(line + 1, &mark_end, 10);
 		if (!mark || mark_end == line + 1
-			|| *mark_end != ' ' || get_sha1_hex(mark_end + 1, sha1))
+			|| *mark_end != ' ' || get_oid_hex(mark_end + 1, &oid))
 			die("corrupt mark line: %s", line);
 
 		if (last_idnum < mark)
 			last_idnum = mark;
 
-		type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+		type = oid_object_info(the_repository, &oid, NULL);
 		if (type < 0)
-			die("object not found: %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die("object not found: %s", oid_to_hex(&oid));
 
 		if (type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 			/* only commits */
 			continue;
 
-		commit = lookup_commit(sha1);
+		commit = lookup_commit(the_repository, &oid);
 		if (!commit)
-			die("not a commit? can't happen: %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die("not a commit? can't happen: %s", oid_to_hex(&oid));
 
 		object = &commit->object;
 
 		if (object->flags & SHOWN)
-			error("Object %s already has a mark", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			error("Object %s already has a mark", oid_to_hex(&oid));
 
 		mark_object(object, mark);
 
@@ -956,8 +982,8 @@ static void import_marks(char *input_file)
 static void handle_deletes(void)
 {
 	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < refspecs_nr; i++) {
-		struct refspec *refspec = &refspecs[i];
+	for (i = 0; i < refspecs.nr; i++) {
+		struct refspec_item *refspec = &refspecs.items[i];
 		if (*refspec->src)
 			continue;
 
@@ -974,6 +1000,7 @@ int cmd_fast_export(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	char *export_filename = NULL, *import_filename = NULL;
 	uint32_t lastimportid;
 	struct string_list refspecs_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	struct string_list paths_of_changed_objects = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_INTEGER(0, "progress", &progress,
 			    N_("show progress after <n> objects")),
@@ -1007,8 +1034,9 @@ int cmd_fast_export(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	init_revisions(&revs, prefix);
+	init_revision_sources(&revision_sources);
 	revs.topo_order = 1;
-	revs.show_source = 1;
+	revs.sources = &revision_sources;
 	revs.rewrite_parents = 1;
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, fast_export_usage,
 			PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0 | PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN);
@@ -1017,18 +1045,12 @@ int cmd_fast_export(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		usage_with_options (fast_export_usage, options);
 
 	if (refspecs_list.nr) {
-		const char **refspecs_str;
 		int i;
 
-		refspecs_str = xmalloc(sizeof(*refspecs_str) * refspecs_list.nr);
 		for (i = 0; i < refspecs_list.nr; i++)
-			refspecs_str[i] = refspecs_list.items[i].string;
-
-		refspecs_nr = refspecs_list.nr;
-		refspecs = parse_fetch_refspec(refspecs_nr, refspecs_str);
+			refspec_append(&refspecs, refspecs_list.items[i].string);
 
 		string_list_clear(&refspecs_list, 1);
-		free(refspecs_str);
 	}
 
 	if (use_done_feature)
@@ -1046,14 +1068,15 @@ int cmd_fast_export(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
 		die("revision walk setup failed");
 	revs.diffopt.format_callback = show_filemodify;
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs.diffopt, RECURSIVE);
+	revs.diffopt.format_callback_data = &paths_of_changed_objects;
+	revs.diffopt.flags.recursive = 1;
 	while ((commit = get_revision(&revs))) {
 		if (has_unshown_parent(commit)) {
 			add_object_array(&commit->object, NULL, &commits);
 		}
 		else {
-			handle_commit(commit, &revs);
-			handle_tail(&commits, &revs);
+			handle_commit(commit, &revs, &paths_of_changed_objects);
+			handle_tail(&commits, &revs, &paths_of_changed_objects);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1066,7 +1089,7 @@ int cmd_fast_export(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (use_done_feature)
 		printf("done\n");
 
-	free_refspec(refspecs_nr, refspecs);
+	refspec_clear(&refspecs);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/fetch-pack.c b/builtin/fetch-pack.c
index 4a6b340ab6..1a1bc63566 100644
--- a/builtin/fetch-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/fetch-pack.c
@@ -4,37 +4,41 @@
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "connect.h"
 #include "sha1-array.h"
+#include "protocol.h"
 
 static const char fetch_pack_usage[] =
 "git fetch-pack [--all] [--stdin] [--quiet | -q] [--keep | -k] [--thin] "
 "[--include-tag] [--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>] [--depth=<n>] "
 "[--no-progress] [--diag-url] [-v] [<host>:]<directory> [<refs>...]";
 
-static void add_sought_entry_mem(struct ref ***sought, int *nr, int *alloc,
-				 const char *name, int namelen)
+static void add_sought_entry(struct ref ***sought, int *nr, int *alloc,
+			     const char *name)
 {
-	struct ref *ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + namelen + 1);
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct ref *ref;
+	struct object_id oid;
 
-	if (namelen > 41 && name[40] == ' ' && !get_sha1_hex(name, sha1)) {
-		hashcpy(ref->old_sha1, sha1);
-		name += 41;
-		namelen -= 41;
+	if (!get_oid_hex(name, &oid)) {
+		if (name[GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ] == ' ') {
+			/* <sha1> <ref>, find refname */
+			name += GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1;
+		} else if (name[GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ] == '\0') {
+			; /* <sha1>, leave sha1 as name */
+		} else {
+			/* <ref>, clear cruft from oid */
+			oidclr(&oid);
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* <ref>, clear cruft from get_oid_hex */
+		oidclr(&oid);
 	}
 
-	memcpy(ref->name, name, namelen);
-	ref->name[namelen] = '\0';
+	ref = alloc_ref(name);
+	oidcpy(&ref->old_oid, &oid);
 	(*nr)++;
 	ALLOC_GROW(*sought, *nr, *alloc);
 	(*sought)[*nr - 1] = ref;
 }
 
-static void add_sought_entry(struct ref ***sought, int *nr, int *alloc,
-			     const char *string)
-{
-	add_sought_entry_mem(sought, nr, alloc, string, strlen(string));
-}
-
 int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i, ret;
@@ -47,7 +51,11 @@ int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	char **pack_lockfile_ptr = NULL;
 	struct child_process *conn;
 	struct fetch_pack_args args;
-	struct sha1_array shallow = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct oid_array shallow = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct string_list deepen_not = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct packet_reader reader;
+
+	fetch_if_missing = 0;
 
 	packet_trace_identity("fetch-pack");
 
@@ -57,12 +65,12 @@ int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	for (i = 1; i < argc && *argv[i] == '-'; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
 
-		if (starts_with(arg, "--upload-pack=")) {
-			args.uploadpack = arg + 14;
+		if (skip_prefix(arg, "--upload-pack=", &arg)) {
+			args.uploadpack = arg;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (starts_with(arg, "--exec=")) {
-			args.uploadpack = arg + 7;
+		if (skip_prefix(arg, "--exec=", &arg)) {
+			args.uploadpack = arg;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!strcmp("--quiet", arg) || !strcmp("-q", arg)) {
@@ -98,8 +106,20 @@ int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			args.verbose = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (starts_with(arg, "--depth=")) {
-			args.depth = strtol(arg + 8, NULL, 0);
+		if (skip_prefix(arg, "--depth=", &arg)) {
+			args.depth = strtol(arg, NULL, 0);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (skip_prefix(arg, "--shallow-since=", &arg)) {
+			args.deepen_since = xstrdup(arg);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (skip_prefix(arg, "--shallow-exclude=", &arg)) {
+			string_list_append(&deepen_not, arg);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--deepen-relative")) {
+			args.deepen_relative = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!strcmp("--no-progress", arg)) {
@@ -127,8 +147,26 @@ int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			args.update_shallow = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (!strcmp("--from-promisor", arg)) {
+			args.from_promisor = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp("--no-dependents", arg)) {
+			args.no_dependents = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (skip_prefix(arg, ("--" CL_ARG__FILTER "="), &arg)) {
+			parse_list_objects_filter(&args.filter_options, arg);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp(arg, ("--no-" CL_ARG__FILTER))) {
+			list_objects_filter_set_no_filter(&args.filter_options);
+			continue;
+		}
 		usage(fetch_pack_usage);
 	}
+	if (deepen_not.nr)
+		args.deepen_not = &deepen_not;
 
 	if (i < argc)
 		dest = argv[i++];
@@ -156,7 +194,7 @@ int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		else {
 			/* read from stdin one ref per line, until EOF */
 			struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
-			while (strbuf_getline(&line, stdin, '\n') != EOF)
+			while (strbuf_getline_lf(&line, stdin) != EOF)
 				add_sought_entry(&sought, &nr_sought, &alloc_sought, line.buf);
 			strbuf_release(&line);
 		}
@@ -175,10 +213,24 @@ int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (!conn)
 			return args.diag_url ? 0 : 1;
 	}
-	get_remote_heads(fd[0], NULL, 0, &ref, 0, NULL, &shallow);
+
+	packet_reader_init(&reader, fd[0], NULL, 0,
+			   PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE |
+			   PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF);
+
+	switch (discover_version(&reader)) {
+	case protocol_v2:
+		die("support for protocol v2 not implemented yet");
+	case protocol_v1:
+	case protocol_v0:
+		get_remote_heads(&reader, &ref, 0, NULL, &shallow);
+		break;
+	case protocol_unknown_version:
+		BUG("unknown protocol version");
+	}
 
 	ref = fetch_pack(&args, fd, conn, ref, dest, sought, nr_sought,
-			 &shallow, pack_lockfile_ptr);
+			 &shallow, pack_lockfile_ptr, protocol_v0);
 	if (pack_lockfile) {
 		printf("lock %s\n", pack_lockfile);
 		fflush(stdout);
@@ -201,16 +253,11 @@ int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * remote no-such-ref' would silently succeed without issuing
 	 * an error.
 	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_sought; i++) {
-		if (!sought[i] || sought[i]->matched)
-			continue;
-		error("no such remote ref %s", sought[i]->name);
-		ret = 1;
-	}
+	ret |= report_unmatched_refs(sought, nr_sought);
 
 	while (ref) {
 		printf("%s %s\n",
-		       sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), ref->name);
+		       oid_to_hex(&ref->old_oid), ref->name);
 		ref = ref->next;
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin/fetch.c b/builtin/fetch.c
index f9512652cf..61bec5d213 100644
--- a/builtin/fetch.c
+++ b/builtin/fetch.c
@@ -2,7 +2,11 @@
  * "git fetch"
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "refspec.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
@@ -11,9 +15,13 @@
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
 #include "connected.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_fetch_usage[] = {
 	N_("git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"),
@@ -33,33 +41,30 @@ static int fetch_prune_config = -1; /* unspecified */
 static int prune = -1; /* unspecified */
 #define PRUNE_BY_DEFAULT 0 /* do we prune by default? */
 
-static int all, append, dry_run, force, keep, multiple, update_head_ok, verbosity;
-static int progress = -1, recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT;
-static int tags = TAGS_DEFAULT, unshallow, update_shallow;
+static int fetch_prune_tags_config = -1; /* unspecified */
+static int prune_tags = -1; /* unspecified */
+#define PRUNE_TAGS_BY_DEFAULT 0 /* do we prune tags by default? */
+
+static int all, append, dry_run, force, keep, multiple, update_head_ok, verbosity, deepen_relative;
+static int progress = -1;
+static int tags = TAGS_DEFAULT, unshallow, update_shallow, deepen;
+static int max_children = 1;
+static enum transport_family family;
 static const char *depth;
+static const char *deepen_since;
 static const char *upload_pack;
+static struct string_list deepen_not = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 static struct strbuf default_rla = STRBUF_INIT;
 static struct transport *gtransport;
 static struct transport *gsecondary;
 static const char *submodule_prefix = "";
-static const char *recurse_submodules_default;
+static int recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT;
+static int recurse_submodules_default = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND;
 static int shown_url = 0;
-static int refmap_alloc, refmap_nr;
-static const char **refmap_array;
-
-static int option_parse_recurse_submodules(const struct option *opt,
-				   const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	if (unset) {
-		recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
-	} else {
-		if (arg)
-			recurse_submodules = parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(opt->long_name, arg);
-		else
-			recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
+static struct refspec refmap = REFSPEC_INIT_FETCH;
+static struct list_objects_filter_options filter_options;
+static struct string_list server_options = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+static struct string_list negotiation_tip = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 
 static int git_fetch_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 {
@@ -67,19 +72,37 @@ static int git_fetch_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 		fetch_prune_config = git_config_bool(k, v);
 		return 0;
 	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(k, "fetch.prunetags")) {
+		fetch_prune_tags_config = git_config_bool(k, v);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(k, "submodule.recurse")) {
+		int r = git_config_bool(k, v) ?
+			RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON : RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
+		recurse_submodules = r;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(k, "submodule.fetchjobs")) {
+		max_children = parse_submodule_fetchjobs(k, v);
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(k, "fetch.recursesubmodules")) {
+		recurse_submodules = parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(k, v);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	return git_default_config(k, v, cb);
 }
 
 static int parse_refmap_arg(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
-	ALLOC_GROW(refmap_array, refmap_nr + 1, refmap_alloc);
-
 	/*
 	 * "git fetch --refmap='' origin foo"
 	 * can be used to tell the command not to store anywhere
 	 */
-	if (*arg)
-		refmap_array[refmap_nr++] = arg;
+	refspec_append(&refmap, arg);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -91,18 +114,22 @@ static struct option builtin_fetch_options[] = {
 		 N_("append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting")),
 	OPT_STRING(0, "upload-pack", &upload_pack, N_("path"),
 		   N_("path to upload pack on remote end")),
-	OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("force overwrite of local branch")),
+	OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("force overwrite of local branch"), 0),
 	OPT_BOOL('m', "multiple", &multiple,
 		 N_("fetch from multiple remotes")),
 	OPT_SET_INT('t', "tags", &tags,
 		    N_("fetch all tags and associated objects"), TAGS_SET),
 	OPT_SET_INT('n', NULL, &tags,
 		    N_("do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"), TAGS_UNSET),
+	OPT_INTEGER('j', "jobs", &max_children,
+		    N_("number of submodules fetched in parallel")),
 	OPT_BOOL('p', "prune", &prune,
 		 N_("prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote")),
-	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "recurse-submodules", NULL, N_("on-demand"),
+	OPT_BOOL('P', "prune-tags", &prune_tags,
+		 N_("prune local tags no longer on remote and clobber changed tags")),
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "recurse-submodules", &recurse_submodules, N_("on-demand"),
 		    N_("control recursive fetching of submodules"),
-		    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, option_parse_recurse_submodules },
+		    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, option_fetch_parse_recurse_submodules },
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "dry-run", &dry_run,
 		 N_("dry run")),
 	OPT_BOOL('k', "keep", &keep, N_("keep downloaded pack")),
@@ -111,18 +138,34 @@ static struct option builtin_fetch_options[] = {
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &progress, N_("force progress reporting")),
 	OPT_STRING(0, "depth", &depth, N_("depth"),
 		   N_("deepen history of shallow clone")),
-	{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "unshallow", &unshallow, NULL,
-		   N_("convert to a complete repository"),
-		   PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL, 1 },
+	OPT_STRING(0, "shallow-since", &deepen_since, N_("time"),
+		   N_("deepen history of shallow repository based on time")),
+	OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "shallow-exclude", &deepen_not, N_("revision"),
+			N_("deepen history of shallow clone, excluding rev")),
+	OPT_INTEGER(0, "deepen", &deepen_relative,
+		    N_("deepen history of shallow clone")),
+	OPT_SET_INT_F(0, "unshallow", &unshallow,
+		      N_("convert to a complete repository"),
+		      1, PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
 	{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "submodule-prefix", &submodule_prefix, N_("dir"),
 		   N_("prepend this to submodule path output"), PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
-	{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "recurse-submodules-default",
-		   &recurse_submodules_default, NULL,
-		   N_("default mode for recursion"), PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "recurse-submodules-default",
+		   &recurse_submodules_default, N_("on-demand"),
+		   N_("default for recursive fetching of submodules "
+		      "(lower priority than config files)"),
+		   PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN, option_fetch_parse_recurse_submodules },
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "update-shallow", &update_shallow,
 		 N_("accept refs that update .git/shallow")),
 	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "refmap", NULL, N_("refmap"),
 	  N_("specify fetch refmap"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG, parse_refmap_arg },
+	OPT_STRING_LIST('o', "server-option", &server_options, N_("server-specific"), N_("option to transmit")),
+	OPT_SET_INT('4', "ipv4", &family, N_("use IPv4 addresses only"),
+			TRANSPORT_FAMILY_IPV4),
+	OPT_SET_INT('6', "ipv6", &family, N_("use IPv6 addresses only"),
+			TRANSPORT_FAMILY_IPV6),
+	OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "negotiation-tip", &negotiation_tip, N_("revision"),
+			N_("report that we have only objects reachable from this object")),
+	OPT_PARSE_LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER(&filter_options),
 	OPT_END()
 };
 
@@ -150,7 +193,7 @@ static void add_merge_config(struct ref **head,
 
 	for (i = 0; i < branch->merge_nr; i++) {
 		struct ref *rm, **old_tail = *tail;
-		struct refspec refspec;
+		struct refspec_item refspec;
 
 		for (rm = *head; rm; rm = rm->next) {
 			if (branch_merge_matches(branch, i, rm->name)) {
@@ -179,13 +222,15 @@ static void add_merge_config(struct ref **head,
 	}
 }
 
-static int add_existing(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int add_existing(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
 			int flag, void *cbdata)
 {
 	struct string_list *list = (struct string_list *)cbdata;
 	struct string_list_item *item = string_list_insert(list, refname);
-	item->util = xmalloc(20);
-	hashcpy(item->util, sha1);
+	struct object_id *old_oid = xmalloc(sizeof(*old_oid));
+
+	oidcpy(old_oid, oid);
+	item->util = old_oid;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -193,16 +238,16 @@ static int will_fetch(struct ref **head, const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct ref *rm = *head;
 	while (rm) {
-		if (!hashcmp(rm->old_sha1, sha1))
+		if (!hashcmp(rm->old_oid.hash, sha1))
 			return 1;
 		rm = rm->next;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void find_non_local_tags(struct transport *transport,
-			struct ref **head,
-			struct ref ***tail)
+static void find_non_local_tags(const struct ref *refs,
+				struct ref **head,
+				struct ref ***tail)
 {
 	struct string_list existing_refs = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	struct string_list remote_refs = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
@@ -210,7 +255,7 @@ static void find_non_local_tags(struct transport *transport,
 	struct string_list_item *item = NULL;
 
 	for_each_ref(add_existing, &existing_refs);
-	for (ref = transport_get_remote_refs(transport); ref; ref = ref->next) {
+	for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		if (!starts_with(ref->name, "refs/tags/"))
 			continue;
 
@@ -221,9 +266,12 @@ static void find_non_local_tags(struct transport *transport,
 		 * as one to ignore by setting util to NULL.
 		 */
 		if (ends_with(ref->name, "^{}")) {
-			if (item && !has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1) &&
-			    !will_fetch(head, ref->old_sha1) &&
-			    !has_sha1_file(item->util) &&
+			if (item &&
+			    !has_object_file_with_flags(&ref->old_oid,
+							OBJECT_INFO_QUICK) &&
+			    !will_fetch(head, ref->old_oid.hash) &&
+			    !has_sha1_file_with_flags(item->util,
+						      OBJECT_INFO_QUICK) &&
 			    !will_fetch(head, item->util))
 				item->util = NULL;
 			item = NULL;
@@ -236,7 +284,8 @@ static void find_non_local_tags(struct transport *transport,
 		 * to check if it is a lightweight tag that we want to
 		 * fetch.
 		 */
-		if (item && !has_sha1_file(item->util) &&
+		if (item &&
+		    !has_sha1_file_with_flags(item->util, OBJECT_INFO_QUICK) &&
 		    !will_fetch(head, item->util))
 			item->util = NULL;
 
@@ -248,7 +297,7 @@ static void find_non_local_tags(struct transport *transport,
 			continue;
 
 		item = string_list_insert(&remote_refs, ref->name);
-		item->util = (void *)ref->old_sha1;
+		item->util = (void *)&ref->old_oid;
 	}
 	string_list_clear(&existing_refs, 1);
 
@@ -256,7 +305,8 @@ static void find_non_local_tags(struct transport *transport,
 	 * We may have a final lightweight tag that needs to be
 	 * checked to see if it needs fetching.
 	 */
-	if (item && !has_sha1_file(item->util) &&
+	if (item &&
+	    !has_sha1_file_with_flags(item->util, OBJECT_INFO_QUICK) &&
 	    !will_fetch(head, item->util))
 		item->util = NULL;
 
@@ -270,7 +320,7 @@ static void find_non_local_tags(struct transport *transport,
 		{
 			struct ref *rm = alloc_ref(item->string);
 			rm->peer_ref = alloc_ref(item->string);
-			hashcpy(rm->old_sha1, item->util);
+			oidcpy(&rm->old_oid, item->util);
 			**tail = rm;
 			*tail = &rm->next;
 		}
@@ -279,8 +329,9 @@ static void find_non_local_tags(struct transport *transport,
 	string_list_clear(&remote_refs, 0);
 }
 
-static struct ref *get_ref_map(struct transport *transport,
-			       struct refspec *refspecs, int refspec_count,
+static struct ref *get_ref_map(struct remote *remote,
+			       const struct ref *remote_refs,
+			       struct refspec *rs,
 			       int tags, int *autotags)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -291,15 +342,14 @@ static struct ref *get_ref_map(struct transport *transport,
 	/* opportunistically-updated references: */
 	struct ref *orefs = NULL, **oref_tail = &orefs;
 
-	const struct ref *remote_refs = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
+	struct string_list existing_refs = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 
-	if (refspec_count) {
+	if (rs->nr) {
 		struct refspec *fetch_refspec;
-		int fetch_refspec_nr;
 
-		for (i = 0; i < refspec_count; i++) {
-			get_fetch_map(remote_refs, &refspecs[i], &tail, 0);
-			if (refspecs[i].dst && refspecs[i].dst[0])
+		for (i = 0; i < rs->nr; i++) {
+			get_fetch_map(remote_refs, &rs->items[i], &tail, 0);
+			if (rs->items[i].dst && rs->items[i].dst[0])
 				*autotags = 1;
 		}
 		/* Merge everything on the command line (but not --tags) */
@@ -326,37 +376,30 @@ static struct ref *get_ref_map(struct transport *transport,
 		 * by ref_remove_duplicates() in favor of one of these
 		 * opportunistic entries with FETCH_HEAD_IGNORE.
 		 */
-		if (refmap_array) {
-			fetch_refspec = parse_fetch_refspec(refmap_nr, refmap_array);
-			fetch_refspec_nr = refmap_nr;
-		} else {
-			fetch_refspec = transport->remote->fetch;
-			fetch_refspec_nr = transport->remote->fetch_refspec_nr;
-		}
-
-		for (i = 0; i < fetch_refspec_nr; i++)
-			get_fetch_map(ref_map, &fetch_refspec[i], &oref_tail, 1);
+		if (refmap.nr)
+			fetch_refspec = &refmap;
+		else
+			fetch_refspec = &remote->fetch;
 
-		if (tags == TAGS_SET)
-			get_fetch_map(remote_refs, tag_refspec, &tail, 0);
-	} else if (refmap_array) {
+		for (i = 0; i < fetch_refspec->nr; i++)
+			get_fetch_map(ref_map, &fetch_refspec->items[i], &oref_tail, 1);
+	} else if (refmap.nr) {
 		die("--refmap option is only meaningful with command-line refspec(s).");
 	} else {
 		/* Use the defaults */
-		struct remote *remote = transport->remote;
 		struct branch *branch = branch_get(NULL);
 		int has_merge = branch_has_merge_config(branch);
 		if (remote &&
-		    (remote->fetch_refspec_nr ||
+		    (remote->fetch.nr ||
 		     /* Note: has_merge implies non-NULL branch->remote_name */
 		     (has_merge && !strcmp(branch->remote_name, remote->name)))) {
-			for (i = 0; i < remote->fetch_refspec_nr; i++) {
-				get_fetch_map(remote_refs, &remote->fetch[i], &tail, 0);
-				if (remote->fetch[i].dst &&
-				    remote->fetch[i].dst[0])
+			for (i = 0; i < remote->fetch.nr; i++) {
+				get_fetch_map(remote_refs, &remote->fetch.items[i], &tail, 0);
+				if (remote->fetch.items[i].dst &&
+				    remote->fetch.items[i].dst[0])
 					*autotags = 1;
 				if (!i && !has_merge && ref_map &&
-				    !remote->fetch[0].pattern)
+				    !remote->fetch.items[0].pattern)
 					ref_map->fetch_head_status = FETCH_HEAD_MERGE;
 			}
 			/*
@@ -382,7 +425,7 @@ static struct ref *get_ref_map(struct transport *transport,
 		/* also fetch all tags */
 		get_fetch_map(remote_refs, tag_refspec, &tail, 0);
 	else if (tags == TAGS_DEFAULT && *autotags)
-		find_non_local_tags(transport, &ref_map, &tail);
+		find_non_local_tags(remote_refs, &ref_map, &tail);
 
 	/* Now append any refs to be updated opportunistically: */
 	*tail = orefs;
@@ -391,7 +434,23 @@ static struct ref *get_ref_map(struct transport *transport,
 		tail = &rm->next;
 	}
 
-	return ref_remove_duplicates(ref_map);
+	ref_map = ref_remove_duplicates(ref_map);
+
+	for_each_ref(add_existing, &existing_refs);
+	for (rm = ref_map; rm; rm = rm->next) {
+		if (rm->peer_ref) {
+			struct string_list_item *peer_item =
+				string_list_lookup(&existing_refs,
+						   rm->peer_ref->name);
+			if (peer_item) {
+				struct object_id *old_oid = peer_item->util;
+				oidcpy(&rm->peer_ref->old_oid, old_oid);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	string_list_clear(&existing_refs, 1);
+
+	return ref_map;
 }
 
 #define STORE_REF_ERROR_OTHER 1
@@ -401,7 +460,7 @@ static int s_update_ref(const char *action,
 			struct ref *ref,
 			int check_old)
 {
-	char msg[1024];
+	char *msg;
 	char *rla = getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION");
 	struct ref_transaction *transaction;
 	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -411,13 +470,13 @@ static int s_update_ref(const char *action,
 		return 0;
 	if (!rla)
 		rla = default_rla.buf;
-	snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "%s: %s", rla, action);
+	msg = xstrfmt("%s: %s", rla, action);
 
 	transaction = ref_transaction_begin(&err);
 	if (!transaction ||
 	    ref_transaction_update(transaction, ref->name,
-				   ref->new_sha1,
-				   check_old ? ref->old_sha1 : NULL,
+				   &ref->new_oid,
+				   check_old ? &ref->old_oid : NULL,
 				   0, msg, &err))
 		goto fail;
 
@@ -429,68 +488,197 @@ static int s_update_ref(const char *action,
 
 	ref_transaction_free(transaction);
 	strbuf_release(&err);
+	free(msg);
 	return 0;
 fail:
 	ref_transaction_free(transaction);
 	error("%s", err.buf);
 	strbuf_release(&err);
+	free(msg);
 	return df_conflict ? STORE_REF_ERROR_DF_CONFLICT
 			   : STORE_REF_ERROR_OTHER;
 }
 
-#define REFCOL_WIDTH  10
+static int refcol_width = 10;
+static int compact_format;
+
+static void adjust_refcol_width(const struct ref *ref)
+{
+	int max, rlen, llen, len;
+
+	/* uptodate lines are only shown on high verbosity level */
+	if (!verbosity && !oidcmp(&ref->peer_ref->old_oid, &ref->old_oid))
+		return;
+
+	max    = term_columns();
+	rlen   = utf8_strwidth(prettify_refname(ref->name));
+
+	llen   = utf8_strwidth(prettify_refname(ref->peer_ref->name));
+
+	/*
+	 * rough estimation to see if the output line is too long and
+	 * should not be counted (we can't do precise calculation
+	 * anyway because we don't know if the error explanation part
+	 * will be printed in update_local_ref)
+	 */
+	if (compact_format) {
+		llen = 0;
+		max = max * 2 / 3;
+	}
+	len = 21 /* flag and summary */ + rlen + 4 /* -> */ + llen;
+	if (len >= max)
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * Not precise calculation for compact mode because '*' can
+	 * appear on the left hand side of '->' and shrink the column
+	 * back.
+	 */
+	if (refcol_width < rlen)
+		refcol_width = rlen;
+}
+
+static void prepare_format_display(struct ref *ref_map)
+{
+	struct ref *rm;
+	const char *format = "full";
+
+	git_config_get_string_const("fetch.output", &format);
+	if (!strcasecmp(format, "full"))
+		compact_format = 0;
+	else if (!strcasecmp(format, "compact"))
+		compact_format = 1;
+	else
+		die(_("configuration fetch.output contains invalid value %s"),
+		    format);
+
+	for (rm = ref_map; rm; rm = rm->next) {
+		if (rm->status == REF_STATUS_REJECT_SHALLOW ||
+		    !rm->peer_ref ||
+		    !strcmp(rm->name, "HEAD"))
+			continue;
+
+		adjust_refcol_width(rm);
+	}
+}
+
+static void print_remote_to_local(struct strbuf *display,
+				  const char *remote, const char *local)
+{
+	strbuf_addf(display, "%-*s -> %s", refcol_width, remote, local);
+}
+
+static int find_and_replace(struct strbuf *haystack,
+			    const char *needle,
+			    const char *placeholder)
+{
+	const char *p = strstr(haystack->buf, needle);
+	int plen, nlen;
+
+	if (!p)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (p > haystack->buf && p[-1] != '/')
+		return 0;
+
+	plen = strlen(p);
+	nlen = strlen(needle);
+	if (plen > nlen && p[nlen] != '/')
+		return 0;
+
+	strbuf_splice(haystack, p - haystack->buf, nlen,
+		      placeholder, strlen(placeholder));
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void print_compact(struct strbuf *display,
+			  const char *remote, const char *local)
+{
+	struct strbuf r = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf l = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!strcmp(remote, local)) {
+		strbuf_addf(display, "%-*s -> *", refcol_width, remote);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&r, remote);
+	strbuf_addstr(&l, local);
+
+	if (!find_and_replace(&r, local, "*"))
+		find_and_replace(&l, remote, "*");
+	print_remote_to_local(display, r.buf, l.buf);
+
+	strbuf_release(&r);
+	strbuf_release(&l);
+}
+
+static void format_display(struct strbuf *display, char code,
+			   const char *summary, const char *error,
+			   const char *remote, const char *local,
+			   int summary_width)
+{
+	int width = (summary_width + strlen(summary) - gettext_width(summary));
+
+	strbuf_addf(display, "%c %-*s ", code, width, summary);
+	if (!compact_format)
+		print_remote_to_local(display, remote, local);
+	else
+		print_compact(display, remote, local);
+	if (error)
+		strbuf_addf(display, "  (%s)", error);
+}
 
 static int update_local_ref(struct ref *ref,
 			    const char *remote,
 			    const struct ref *remote_ref,
-			    struct strbuf *display)
+			    struct strbuf *display,
+			    int summary_width)
 {
 	struct commit *current = NULL, *updated;
 	enum object_type type;
 	struct branch *current_branch = branch_get(NULL);
 	const char *pretty_ref = prettify_refname(ref->name);
 
-	type = sha1_object_info(ref->new_sha1, NULL);
+	type = oid_object_info(the_repository, &ref->new_oid, NULL);
 	if (type < 0)
-		die(_("object %s not found"), sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1));
+		die(_("object %s not found"), oid_to_hex(&ref->new_oid));
 
-	if (!hashcmp(ref->old_sha1, ref->new_sha1)) {
+	if (!oidcmp(&ref->old_oid, &ref->new_oid)) {
 		if (verbosity > 0)
-			strbuf_addf(display, "= %-*s %-*s -> %s",
-				    TRANSPORT_SUMMARY(_("[up to date]")),
-				    REFCOL_WIDTH, remote, pretty_ref);
+			format_display(display, '=', _("[up to date]"), NULL,
+				       remote, pretty_ref, summary_width);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	if (current_branch &&
 	    !strcmp(ref->name, current_branch->name) &&
 	    !(update_head_ok || is_bare_repository()) &&
-	    !is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1)) {
+	    !is_null_oid(&ref->old_oid)) {
 		/*
 		 * If this is the head, and it's not okay to update
 		 * the head, and the old value of the head isn't empty...
 		 */
-		strbuf_addf(display,
-			    _("! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"),
-			    TRANSPORT_SUMMARY(_("[rejected]")),
-			    REFCOL_WIDTH, remote, pretty_ref);
+		format_display(display, '!', _("[rejected]"),
+			       _("can't fetch in current branch"),
+			       remote, pretty_ref, summary_width);
 		return 1;
 	}
 
-	if (!is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1) &&
+	if (!is_null_oid(&ref->old_oid) &&
 	    starts_with(ref->name, "refs/tags/")) {
 		int r;
 		r = s_update_ref("updating tag", ref, 0);
-		strbuf_addf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s",
-			    r ? '!' : '-',
-			    TRANSPORT_SUMMARY(_("[tag update]")),
-			    REFCOL_WIDTH, remote, pretty_ref,
-			    r ? _("  (unable to update local ref)") : "");
+		format_display(display, r ? '!' : 't', _("[tag update]"),
+			       r ? _("unable to update local ref") : NULL,
+			       remote, pretty_ref, summary_width);
 		return r;
 	}
 
-	current = lookup_commit_reference_gently(ref->old_sha1, 1);
-	updated = lookup_commit_reference_gently(ref->new_sha1, 1);
+	current = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository,
+						 &ref->old_oid, 1);
+	updated = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository,
+						 &ref->new_oid, 1);
 	if (!current || !updated) {
 		const char *msg;
 		const char *what;
@@ -514,58 +702,52 @@ static int update_local_ref(struct ref *ref,
 
 		if ((recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) &&
 		    (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON))
-			check_for_new_submodule_commits(ref->new_sha1);
+			check_for_new_submodule_commits(&ref->new_oid);
 		r = s_update_ref(msg, ref, 0);
-		strbuf_addf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s",
-			    r ? '!' : '*',
-			    TRANSPORT_SUMMARY(what),
-			    REFCOL_WIDTH, remote, pretty_ref,
-			    r ? _("  (unable to update local ref)") : "");
+		format_display(display, r ? '!' : '*', what,
+			       r ? _("unable to update local ref") : NULL,
+			       remote, pretty_ref, summary_width);
 		return r;
 	}
 
 	if (in_merge_bases(current, updated)) {
-		char quickref[83];
+		struct strbuf quickref = STRBUF_INIT;
 		int r;
-		strcpy(quickref, find_unique_abbrev(current->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-		strcat(quickref, "..");
-		strcat(quickref, find_unique_abbrev(ref->new_sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, &current->object.oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+		strbuf_addstr(&quickref, "..");
+		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, &ref->new_oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
 		if ((recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) &&
 		    (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON))
-			check_for_new_submodule_commits(ref->new_sha1);
+			check_for_new_submodule_commits(&ref->new_oid);
 		r = s_update_ref("fast-forward", ref, 1);
-		strbuf_addf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s",
-			    r ? '!' : ' ',
-			    TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, quickref,
-			    REFCOL_WIDTH, remote, pretty_ref,
-			    r ? _("  (unable to update local ref)") : "");
+		format_display(display, r ? '!' : ' ', quickref.buf,
+			       r ? _("unable to update local ref") : NULL,
+			       remote, pretty_ref, summary_width);
+		strbuf_release(&quickref);
 		return r;
 	} else if (force || ref->force) {
-		char quickref[84];
+		struct strbuf quickref = STRBUF_INIT;
 		int r;
-		strcpy(quickref, find_unique_abbrev(current->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-		strcat(quickref, "...");
-		strcat(quickref, find_unique_abbrev(ref->new_sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, &current->object.oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+		strbuf_addstr(&quickref, "...");
+		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, &ref->new_oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
 		if ((recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) &&
 		    (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON))
-			check_for_new_submodule_commits(ref->new_sha1);
+			check_for_new_submodule_commits(&ref->new_oid);
 		r = s_update_ref("forced-update", ref, 1);
-		strbuf_addf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s  (%s)",
-			    r ? '!' : '+',
-			    TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, quickref,
-			    REFCOL_WIDTH, remote, pretty_ref,
-			    r ? _("unable to update local ref") : _("forced update"));
+		format_display(display, r ? '!' : '+', quickref.buf,
+			       r ? _("unable to update local ref") : _("forced update"),
+			       remote, pretty_ref, summary_width);
+		strbuf_release(&quickref);
 		return r;
 	} else {
-		strbuf_addf(display, "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  %s",
-			    TRANSPORT_SUMMARY(_("[rejected]")),
-			    REFCOL_WIDTH, remote, pretty_ref,
-			    _("(non-fast-forward)"));
+		format_display(display, '!', _("[rejected]"), _("non-fast-forward"),
+			       remote, pretty_ref, summary_width);
 		return 1;
 	}
 }
 
-static int iterate_ref_map(void *cb_data, unsigned char sha1[20])
+static int iterate_ref_map(void *cb_data, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct ref **rm = cb_data;
 	struct ref *ref = *rm;
@@ -575,12 +757,12 @@ static int iterate_ref_map(void *cb_data, unsigned char sha1[20])
 	if (!ref)
 		return -1; /* end of the list */
 	*rm = ref->next;
-	hashcpy(sha1, ref->old_sha1);
+	oidcpy(oid, &ref->old_oid);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int store_updated_refs(const char *raw_url, const char *remote_name,
-		struct ref *ref_map)
+			      int connectivity_checked, struct ref *ref_map)
 {
 	FILE *fp;
 	struct commit *commit;
@@ -588,24 +770,30 @@ static int store_updated_refs(const char *raw_url, const char *remote_name,
 	struct strbuf note = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *what, *kind;
 	struct ref *rm;
-	char *url, *filename = dry_run ? "/dev/null" : git_path("FETCH_HEAD");
+	char *url;
+	const char *filename = dry_run ? "/dev/null" : git_path_fetch_head(the_repository);
 	int want_status;
+	int summary_width = transport_summary_width(ref_map);
 
 	fp = fopen(filename, "a");
 	if (!fp)
-		return error(_("cannot open %s: %s\n"), filename, strerror(errno));
+		return error_errno(_("cannot open %s"), filename);
 
 	if (raw_url)
 		url = transport_anonymize_url(raw_url);
 	else
 		url = xstrdup("foreign");
 
-	rm = ref_map;
-	if (check_everything_connected(iterate_ref_map, 0, &rm)) {
-		rc = error(_("%s did not send all necessary objects\n"), url);
-		goto abort;
+	if (!connectivity_checked) {
+		rm = ref_map;
+		if (check_connected(iterate_ref_map, &rm, NULL)) {
+			rc = error(_("%s did not send all necessary objects\n"), url);
+			goto abort;
+		}
 	}
 
+	prepare_format_display(ref_map);
+
 	/*
 	 * We do a pass for each fetch_head_status type in their enum order, so
 	 * merged entries are written before not-for-merge. That lets readers
@@ -625,7 +813,9 @@ static int store_updated_refs(const char *raw_url, const char *remote_name,
 				continue;
 			}
 
-			commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(rm->old_sha1, 1);
+			commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository,
+								&rm->old_oid,
+								1);
 			if (!commit)
 				rm->fetch_head_status = FETCH_HEAD_NOT_FOR_MERGE;
 
@@ -633,10 +823,9 @@ static int store_updated_refs(const char *raw_url, const char *remote_name,
 				continue;
 
 			if (rm->peer_ref) {
-				ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + strlen(rm->peer_ref->name) + 1);
-				strcpy(ref->name, rm->peer_ref->name);
-				hashcpy(ref->old_sha1, rm->peer_ref->old_sha1);
-				hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, rm->old_sha1);
+				ref = alloc_ref(rm->peer_ref->name);
+				oidcpy(&ref->old_oid, &rm->peer_ref->old_oid);
+				oidcpy(&ref->new_oid, &rm->old_oid);
 				ref->force = rm->peer_ref->force;
 			}
 
@@ -681,7 +870,7 @@ static int store_updated_refs(const char *raw_url, const char *remote_name,
 				/* fall-through */
 			case FETCH_HEAD_MERGE:
 				fprintf(fp, "%s\t%s\t%s",
-					sha1_to_hex(rm->old_sha1),
+					oid_to_hex(&rm->old_oid),
 					merge_status_marker,
 					note.buf);
 				for (i = 0; i < url_len; ++i)
@@ -698,14 +887,14 @@ static int store_updated_refs(const char *raw_url, const char *remote_name,
 
 			strbuf_reset(&note);
 			if (ref) {
-				rc |= update_local_ref(ref, what, rm, &note);
+				rc |= update_local_ref(ref, what, rm, &note,
+						       summary_width);
 				free(ref);
 			} else
-				strbuf_addf(&note, "* %-*s %-*s -> FETCH_HEAD",
-					    TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH,
-					    *kind ? kind : "branch",
-					    REFCOL_WIDTH,
-					    *what ? what : "HEAD");
+				format_display(&note, '*',
+					       *kind ? kind : "branch", NULL,
+					       *what ? what : "HEAD",
+					       "FETCH_HEAD", summary_width);
 			if (note.len) {
 				if (verbosity >= 0 && !shown_url) {
 					fprintf(stderr, _("From %.*s\n"),
@@ -738,6 +927,7 @@ static int store_updated_refs(const char *raw_url, const char *remote_name,
 static int quickfetch(struct ref *ref_map)
 {
 	struct ref *rm = ref_map;
+	struct check_connected_options opt = CHECK_CONNECTED_INIT;
 
 	/*
 	 * If we are deepening a shallow clone we already have these
@@ -746,9 +936,10 @@ static int quickfetch(struct ref *ref_map)
 	 * really need to perform.  Claiming failure now will ensure
 	 * we perform the network exchange to deepen our history.
 	 */
-	if (depth)
+	if (deepen)
 		return -1;
-	return check_everything_connected(iterate_ref_map, 1, &rm);
+	opt.quiet = 1;
+	return check_connected(iterate_ref_map, &rm, &opt);
 }
 
 static int fetch_refs(struct transport *transport, struct ref *ref_map)
@@ -757,19 +948,35 @@ static int fetch_refs(struct transport *transport, struct ref *ref_map)
 	if (ret)
 		ret = transport_fetch_refs(transport, ref_map);
 	if (!ret)
-		ret |= store_updated_refs(transport->url,
-				transport->remote->name,
-				ref_map);
+		/*
+		 * Keep the new pack's ".keep" file around to allow the caller
+		 * time to update refs to reference the new objects.
+		 */
+		return 0;
 	transport_unlock_pack(transport);
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static int prune_refs(struct refspec *refs, int ref_count, struct ref *ref_map,
-		const char *raw_url)
+/* Update local refs based on the ref values fetched from a remote */
+static int consume_refs(struct transport *transport, struct ref *ref_map)
+{
+	int connectivity_checked = transport->smart_options
+		? transport->smart_options->connectivity_checked : 0;
+	int ret = store_updated_refs(transport->url,
+				     transport->remote->name,
+				     connectivity_checked,
+				     ref_map);
+	transport_unlock_pack(transport);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int prune_refs(struct refspec *rs, struct ref *ref_map,
+		      const char *raw_url)
 {
 	int url_len, i, result = 0;
-	struct ref *ref, *stale_refs = get_stale_heads(refs, ref_count, ref_map);
+	struct ref *ref, *stale_refs = get_stale_heads(rs, ref_map);
 	char *url;
+	int summary_width = transport_summary_width(stale_refs);
 	const char *dangling_msg = dry_run
 		? _("   (%s will become dangling)")
 		: _("   (%s has become dangling)");
@@ -787,20 +994,32 @@ static int prune_refs(struct refspec *refs, int ref_count, struct ref *ref_map,
 	if (4 < i && !strncmp(".git", url + i - 3, 4))
 		url_len = i - 3;
 
-	for (ref = stale_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
-		if (!dry_run)
-			result |= delete_ref(ref->name, NULL, 0);
-		if (verbosity >= 0 && !shown_url) {
-			fprintf(stderr, _("From %.*s\n"), url_len, url);
-			shown_url = 1;
-		}
-		if (verbosity >= 0) {
-			fprintf(stderr, " x %-*s %-*s -> %s\n",
-				TRANSPORT_SUMMARY(_("[deleted]")),
-				REFCOL_WIDTH, _("(none)"), prettify_refname(ref->name));
+	if (!dry_run) {
+		struct string_list refnames = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+
+		for (ref = stale_refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
+			string_list_append(&refnames, ref->name);
+
+		result = delete_refs("fetch: prune", &refnames, 0);
+		string_list_clear(&refnames, 0);
+	}
+
+	if (verbosity >= 0) {
+		for (ref = stale_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+			struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+			if (!shown_url) {
+				fprintf(stderr, _("From %.*s\n"), url_len, url);
+				shown_url = 1;
+			}
+			format_display(&sb, '-', _("[deleted]"), NULL,
+				       _("(none)"), prettify_refname(ref->name),
+				       summary_width);
+			fprintf(stderr, " %s\n",sb.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&sb);
 			warn_dangling_symref(stderr, dangling_msg, ref->name);
 		}
 	}
+
 	free(url);
 	free_refs(stale_refs);
 	return result;
@@ -822,11 +1041,11 @@ static void check_not_current_branch(struct ref *ref_map)
 
 static int truncate_fetch_head(void)
 {
-	char *filename = git_path("FETCH_HEAD");
-	FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "w");
+	const char *filename = git_path_fetch_head(the_repository);
+	FILE *fp = fopen_for_writing(filename);
 
 	if (!fp)
-		return error(_("cannot open %s: %s\n"), filename, strerror(errno));
+		return error_errno(_("cannot open %s"), filename);
 	fclose(fp);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -842,32 +1061,98 @@ static void set_option(struct transport *transport, const char *name, const char
 			name, transport->url);
 }
 
-static struct transport *prepare_transport(struct remote *remote)
+
+static int add_oid(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid, int flags,
+		   void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct oid_array *oids = cb_data;
+
+	oid_array_append(oids, oid);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void add_negotiation_tips(struct git_transport_options *smart_options)
+{
+	struct oid_array *oids = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*oids));
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < negotiation_tip.nr; i++) {
+		const char *s = negotiation_tip.items[i].string;
+		int old_nr;
+		if (!has_glob_specials(s)) {
+			struct object_id oid;
+			if (get_oid(s, &oid))
+				die("%s is not a valid object", s);
+			oid_array_append(oids, &oid);
+			continue;
+		}
+		old_nr = oids->nr;
+		for_each_glob_ref(add_oid, s, oids);
+		if (old_nr == oids->nr)
+			warning("Ignoring --negotiation-tip=%s because it does not match any refs",
+				s);
+	}
+	smart_options->negotiation_tips = oids;
+}
+
+static struct transport *prepare_transport(struct remote *remote, int deepen)
 {
 	struct transport *transport;
 	transport = transport_get(remote, NULL);
 	transport_set_verbosity(transport, verbosity, progress);
+	transport->family = family;
 	if (upload_pack)
 		set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_UPLOADPACK, upload_pack);
 	if (keep)
 		set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_KEEP, "yes");
 	if (depth)
 		set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_DEPTH, depth);
+	if (deepen && deepen_since)
+		set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_DEEPEN_SINCE, deepen_since);
+	if (deepen && deepen_not.nr)
+		set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_DEEPEN_NOT,
+			   (const char *)&deepen_not);
+	if (deepen_relative)
+		set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_DEEPEN_RELATIVE, "yes");
 	if (update_shallow)
 		set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_UPDATE_SHALLOW, "yes");
+	if (filter_options.choice) {
+		set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER,
+			   filter_options.filter_spec);
+		set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_FROM_PROMISOR, "1");
+	}
+	if (negotiation_tip.nr) {
+		if (transport->smart_options)
+			add_negotiation_tips(transport->smart_options);
+		else
+			warning("Ignoring --negotiation-tip because the protocol does not support it.");
+	}
 	return transport;
 }
 
 static void backfill_tags(struct transport *transport, struct ref *ref_map)
 {
-	if (transport->cannot_reuse) {
-		gsecondary = prepare_transport(transport->remote);
+	int cannot_reuse;
+
+	/*
+	 * Once we have set TRANS_OPT_DEEPEN_SINCE, we can't unset it
+	 * when remote helper is used (setting it to an empty string
+	 * is not unsetting). We could extend the remote helper
+	 * protocol for that, but for now, just force a new connection
+	 * without deepen-since. Similar story for deepen-not.
+	 */
+	cannot_reuse = transport->cannot_reuse ||
+		deepen_since || deepen_not.nr;
+	if (cannot_reuse) {
+		gsecondary = prepare_transport(transport->remote, 0);
 		transport = gsecondary;
 	}
 
 	transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_FOLLOWTAGS, NULL);
 	transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_DEPTH, "0");
-	fetch_refs(transport, ref_map);
+	transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_DEEPEN_RELATIVE, NULL);
+	if (!fetch_refs(transport, ref_map))
+		consume_refs(transport, ref_map);
 
 	if (gsecondary) {
 		transport_disconnect(gsecondary);
@@ -876,15 +1161,13 @@ static void backfill_tags(struct transport *transport, struct ref *ref_map)
 }
 
 static int do_fetch(struct transport *transport,
-		    struct refspec *refs, int ref_count)
+		    struct refspec *rs)
 {
-	struct string_list existing_refs = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	struct ref *ref_map;
-	struct ref *rm;
 	int autotags = (transport->remote->fetch_tags == 1);
 	int retcode = 0;
-
-	for_each_ref(add_existing, &existing_refs);
+	const struct ref *remote_refs;
+	struct argv_array ref_prefixes = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 
 	if (tags == TAGS_DEFAULT) {
 		if (transport->remote->fetch_tags == 2)
@@ -893,9 +1176,6 @@ static int do_fetch(struct transport *transport,
 			tags = TAGS_UNSET;
 	}
 
-	if (!transport->get_refs_list || !transport->fetch)
-		die(_("Don't know how to fetch from %s"), transport->url);
-
 	/* if not appending, truncate FETCH_HEAD */
 	if (!append && !dry_run) {
 		retcode = truncate_fetch_head();
@@ -903,21 +1183,24 @@ static int do_fetch(struct transport *transport,
 			goto cleanup;
 	}
 
-	ref_map = get_ref_map(transport, refs, ref_count, tags, &autotags);
-	if (!update_head_ok)
-		check_not_current_branch(ref_map);
+	if (rs->nr)
+		refspec_ref_prefixes(rs, &ref_prefixes);
+	else if (transport->remote && transport->remote->fetch.nr)
+		refspec_ref_prefixes(&transport->remote->fetch, &ref_prefixes);
 
-	for (rm = ref_map; rm; rm = rm->next) {
-		if (rm->peer_ref) {
-			struct string_list_item *peer_item =
-				string_list_lookup(&existing_refs,
-						   rm->peer_ref->name);
-			if (peer_item)
-				hashcpy(rm->peer_ref->old_sha1,
-					peer_item->util);
-		}
+	if (ref_prefixes.argc &&
+	    (tags == TAGS_SET || (tags == TAGS_DEFAULT))) {
+		argv_array_push(&ref_prefixes, "refs/tags/");
 	}
 
+	remote_refs = transport_get_remote_refs(transport, &ref_prefixes);
+	argv_array_clear(&ref_prefixes);
+
+	ref_map = get_ref_map(transport->remote, remote_refs, rs,
+			      tags, &autotags);
+	if (!update_head_ok)
+		check_not_current_branch(ref_map);
+
 	if (tags == TAGS_DEFAULT && autotags)
 		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_FOLLOWTAGS, "1");
 	if (prune) {
@@ -926,16 +1209,15 @@ static int do_fetch(struct transport *transport,
 		 * explicitly (via command line or configuration); we
 		 * don't care whether --tags was specified.
 		 */
-		if (ref_count) {
-			prune_refs(refs, ref_count, ref_map, transport->url);
+		if (rs->nr) {
+			prune_refs(rs, ref_map, transport->url);
 		} else {
-			prune_refs(transport->remote->fetch,
-				   transport->remote->fetch_refspec_nr,
+			prune_refs(&transport->remote->fetch,
 				   ref_map,
 				   transport->url);
 		}
 	}
-	if (fetch_refs(transport, ref_map)) {
+	if (fetch_refs(transport, ref_map) || consume_refs(transport, ref_map)) {
 		free_refs(ref_map);
 		retcode = 1;
 		goto cleanup;
@@ -947,14 +1229,13 @@ static int do_fetch(struct transport *transport,
 	if (tags == TAGS_DEFAULT && autotags) {
 		struct ref **tail = &ref_map;
 		ref_map = NULL;
-		find_non_local_tags(transport, &ref_map, &tail);
+		find_non_local_tags(remote_refs, &ref_map, &tail);
 		if (ref_map)
 			backfill_tags(transport, ref_map);
 		free_refs(ref_map);
 	}
 
  cleanup:
-	string_list_clear(&existing_refs, 1);
 	return retcode;
 }
 
@@ -975,17 +1256,15 @@ static int get_remote_group(const char *key, const char *value, void *priv)
 {
 	struct remote_group_data *g = priv;
 
-	if (starts_with(key, "remotes.") &&
-			!strcmp(key + 8, g->name)) {
+	if (skip_prefix(key, "remotes.", &key) && !strcmp(key, g->name)) {
 		/* split list by white space */
-		int space = strcspn(value, " \t\n");
 		while (*value) {
-			if (space > 1) {
-				string_list_append(g->list,
-						   xstrndup(value, space));
-			}
-			value += space + (value[space] != '\0');
-			space = strcspn(value, " \t\n");
+			size_t wordlen = strcspn(value, " \t\n");
+
+			if (wordlen >= 1)
+				string_list_append_nodup(g->list,
+						   xstrndup(value, wordlen));
+			value += wordlen + (value[wordlen] != '\0');
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1000,10 +1279,9 @@ static int add_remote_or_group(const char *name, struct string_list *list)
 
 	git_config(get_remote_group, &g);
 	if (list->nr == prev_nr) {
-		struct remote *remote;
-		if (!remote_is_configured(name))
+		struct remote *remote = remote_get(name);
+		if (!remote_is_configured(remote, 0))
 			return 0;
-		remote = remote_get(name);
 		string_list_append(list, remote->name);
 	}
 	return 1;
@@ -1015,6 +1293,8 @@ static void add_options_to_argv(struct argv_array *argv)
 		argv_array_push(argv, "--dry-run");
 	if (prune != -1)
 		argv_array_push(argv, prune ? "--prune" : "--no-prune");
+	if (prune_tags != -1)
+		argv_array_push(argv, prune_tags ? "--prune-tags" : "--no-prune-tags");
 	if (update_head_ok)
 		argv_array_push(argv, "--update-head-ok");
 	if (force)
@@ -1068,52 +1348,120 @@ static int fetch_multiple(struct string_list *list)
 	return result;
 }
 
-static int fetch_one(struct remote *remote, int argc, const char **argv)
+/*
+ * Fetching from the promisor remote should use the given filter-spec
+ * or inherit the default filter-spec from the config.
+ */
+static inline void fetch_one_setup_partial(struct remote *remote)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Explicit --no-filter argument overrides everything, regardless
+	 * of any prior partial clones and fetches.
+	 */
+	if (filter_options.no_filter)
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * If no prior partial clone/fetch and the current fetch DID NOT
+	 * request a partial-fetch, do a normal fetch.
+	 */
+	if (!repository_format_partial_clone && !filter_options.choice)
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * If this is the FIRST partial-fetch request, we enable partial
+	 * on this repo and remember the given filter-spec as the default
+	 * for subsequent fetches to this remote.
+	 */
+	if (!repository_format_partial_clone && filter_options.choice) {
+		partial_clone_register(remote->name, &filter_options);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We are currently limited to only ONE promisor remote and only
+	 * allow partial-fetches from the promisor remote.
+	 */
+	if (strcmp(remote->name, repository_format_partial_clone)) {
+		if (filter_options.choice)
+			die(_("--filter can only be used with the remote configured in core.partialClone"));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Do a partial-fetch from the promisor remote using either the
+	 * explicitly given filter-spec or inherit the filter-spec from
+	 * the config.
+	 */
+	if (!filter_options.choice)
+		partial_clone_get_default_filter_spec(&filter_options);
+	return;
+}
+
+static int fetch_one(struct remote *remote, int argc, const char **argv, int prune_tags_ok)
 {
-	static const char **refs = NULL;
-	struct refspec *refspec;
-	int ref_nr = 0;
+	struct refspec rs = REFSPEC_INIT_FETCH;
+	int i;
 	int exit_code;
+	int maybe_prune_tags;
+	int remote_via_config = remote_is_configured(remote, 0);
 
 	if (!remote)
 		die(_("No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
 		    "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."));
 
-	gtransport = prepare_transport(remote);
+	gtransport = prepare_transport(remote, 1);
 
 	if (prune < 0) {
 		/* no command line request */
-		if (0 <= gtransport->remote->prune)
-			prune = gtransport->remote->prune;
+		if (0 <= remote->prune)
+			prune = remote->prune;
 		else if (0 <= fetch_prune_config)
 			prune = fetch_prune_config;
 		else
 			prune = PRUNE_BY_DEFAULT;
 	}
 
-	if (argc > 0) {
-		int j = 0;
-		int i;
-		refs = xcalloc(argc + 1, sizeof(const char *));
-		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
-			if (!strcmp(argv[i], "tag")) {
-				i++;
-				if (i >= argc)
-					die(_("You need to specify a tag name."));
-				refs[j++] = xstrfmt("refs/tags/%s:refs/tags/%s",
-						    argv[i], argv[i]);
-			} else
-				refs[j++] = argv[i];
+	if (prune_tags < 0) {
+		/* no command line request */
+		if (0 <= remote->prune_tags)
+			prune_tags = remote->prune_tags;
+		else if (0 <= fetch_prune_tags_config)
+			prune_tags = fetch_prune_tags_config;
+		else
+			prune_tags = PRUNE_TAGS_BY_DEFAULT;
+	}
+
+	maybe_prune_tags = prune_tags_ok && prune_tags;
+	if (maybe_prune_tags && remote_via_config)
+		refspec_append(&remote->fetch, TAG_REFSPEC);
+
+	if (maybe_prune_tags && (argc || !remote_via_config))
+		refspec_append(&rs, TAG_REFSPEC);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "tag")) {
+			char *tag;
+			i++;
+			if (i >= argc)
+				die(_("You need to specify a tag name."));
+
+			tag = xstrfmt("refs/tags/%s:refs/tags/%s",
+				      argv[i], argv[i]);
+			refspec_append(&rs, tag);
+			free(tag);
+		} else {
+			refspec_append(&rs, argv[i]);
 		}
-		refs[j] = NULL;
-		ref_nr = j;
 	}
 
+	if (server_options.nr)
+		gtransport->server_options = &server_options;
+
 	sigchain_push_common(unlock_pack_on_signal);
 	atexit(unlock_pack);
-	refspec = parse_fetch_refspec(ref_nr, refs);
-	exit_code = do_fetch(gtransport, refspec, ref_nr);
-	free_refspec(ref_nr, refspec);
+	exit_code = do_fetch(gtransport, &rs);
+	refspec_clear(&rs);
 	transport_disconnect(gtransport);
 	gtransport = NULL;
 	return exit_code;
@@ -1122,47 +1470,51 @@ static int fetch_one(struct remote *remote, int argc, const char **argv)
 int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i;
-	struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
-	struct remote *remote;
+	struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct remote *remote = NULL;
 	int result = 0;
+	int prune_tags_ok = 1;
 	struct argv_array argv_gc_auto = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 
 	packet_trace_identity("fetch");
 
+	fetch_if_missing = 0;
+
 	/* Record the command line for the reflog */
 	strbuf_addstr(&default_rla, "fetch");
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
 		strbuf_addf(&default_rla, " %s", argv[i]);
 
+	fetch_config_from_gitmodules(&max_children, &recurse_submodules);
 	git_config(git_fetch_config, NULL);
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix,
 			     builtin_fetch_options, builtin_fetch_usage, 0);
 
+	if (deepen_relative) {
+		if (deepen_relative < 0)
+			die(_("Negative depth in --deepen is not supported"));
+		if (depth)
+			die(_("--deepen and --depth are mutually exclusive"));
+		depth = xstrfmt("%d", deepen_relative);
+	}
 	if (unshallow) {
 		if (depth)
 			die(_("--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"));
-		else if (!is_repository_shallow())
+		else if (!is_repository_shallow(the_repository))
 			die(_("--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"));
-		else {
-			static char inf_depth[12];
-			sprintf(inf_depth, "%d", INFINITE_DEPTH);
-			depth = inf_depth;
-		}
+		else
+			depth = xstrfmt("%d", INFINITE_DEPTH);
 	}
 
 	/* no need to be strict, transport_set_option() will validate it again */
 	if (depth && atoi(depth) < 1)
 		die(_("depth %s is not a positive number"), depth);
+	if (depth || deepen_since || deepen_not.nr)
+		deepen = 1;
 
-	if (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) {
-		if (recurse_submodules_default) {
-			int arg = parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg("--recurse-submodules-default", recurse_submodules_default);
-			set_config_fetch_recurse_submodules(arg);
-		}
-		gitmodules_config();
-		git_config(submodule_config, NULL);
-	}
+	if (filter_options.choice && !repository_format_partial_clone)
+		die("--filter can only be used when extensions.partialClone is set");
 
 	if (all) {
 		if (argc == 1)
@@ -1170,17 +1522,14 @@ int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		else if (argc > 1)
 			die(_("fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"));
 		(void) for_each_remote(get_one_remote_for_fetch, &list);
-		result = fetch_multiple(&list);
 	} else if (argc == 0) {
 		/* No arguments -- use default remote */
 		remote = remote_get(NULL);
-		result = fetch_one(remote, argc, argv);
 	} else if (multiple) {
 		/* All arguments are assumed to be remotes or groups */
 		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
 			if (!add_remote_or_group(argv[i], &list))
 				die(_("No such remote or remote group: %s"), argv[i]);
-		result = fetch_multiple(&list);
 	} else {
 		/* Single remote or group */
 		(void) add_remote_or_group(argv[0], &list);
@@ -1188,29 +1537,44 @@ int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			/* More than one remote */
 			if (argc > 1)
 				die(_("Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"));
-			result = fetch_multiple(&list);
 		} else {
 			/* Zero or one remotes */
 			remote = remote_get(argv[0]);
-			result = fetch_one(remote, argc-1, argv+1);
+			prune_tags_ok = (argc == 1);
+			argc--;
+			argv++;
 		}
 	}
 
+	if (remote) {
+		if (filter_options.choice || repository_format_partial_clone)
+			fetch_one_setup_partial(remote);
+		result = fetch_one(remote, argc, argv, prune_tags_ok);
+	} else {
+		if (filter_options.choice)
+			die(_("--filter can only be used with the remote configured in core.partialClone"));
+		/* TODO should this also die if we have a previous partial-clone? */
+		result = fetch_multiple(&list);
+	}
+
 	if (!result && (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF)) {
 		struct argv_array options = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 
 		add_options_to_argv(&options);
-		result = fetch_populated_submodules(&options,
+		result = fetch_populated_submodules(the_repository,
+						    &options,
 						    submodule_prefix,
 						    recurse_submodules,
-						    verbosity < 0);
+						    recurse_submodules_default,
+						    verbosity < 0,
+						    max_children);
 		argv_array_clear(&options);
 	}
 
-	/* All names were strdup()ed or strndup()ed */
-	list.strdup_strings = 1;
 	string_list_clear(&list, 0);
 
+	close_all_packs(the_repository->objects);
+
 	argv_array_pushl(&argv_gc_auto, "gc", "--auto", NULL);
 	if (verbosity < 0)
 		argv_array_push(&argv_gc_auto, "--quiet");
diff --git a/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c b/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c
index 1d962dc569..f35ff1612b 100644
--- a/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c
+++ b/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
@@ -8,6 +11,7 @@
 #include "branch.h"
 #include "fmt-merge-msg.h"
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 
 static const char * const fmt_merge_msg_usage[] = {
 	N_("git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <file>]"),
@@ -40,7 +44,7 @@ struct src_data {
 };
 
 struct origin_data {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	unsigned is_local_branch:1;
 };
 
@@ -58,8 +62,8 @@ static struct string_list origins = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 struct merge_parents {
 	int alloc, nr;
 	struct merge_parent {
-		unsigned char given[20];
-		unsigned char commit[20];
+		struct object_id given;
+		struct object_id commit;
 		unsigned char used;
 	} *item;
 };
@@ -69,14 +73,14 @@ struct merge_parents {
  * hundreds of heads at a time anyway.
  */
 static struct merge_parent *find_merge_parent(struct merge_parents *table,
-					      unsigned char *given,
-					      unsigned char *commit)
+					      struct object_id *given,
+					      struct object_id *commit)
 {
 	int i;
 	for (i = 0; i < table->nr; i++) {
-		if (given && hashcmp(table->item[i].given, given))
+		if (given && oidcmp(&table->item[i].given, given))
 			continue;
-		if (commit && hashcmp(table->item[i].commit, commit))
+		if (commit && oidcmp(&table->item[i].commit, commit))
 			continue;
 		return &table->item[i];
 	}
@@ -84,14 +88,14 @@ static struct merge_parent *find_merge_parent(struct merge_parents *table,
 }
 
 static void add_merge_parent(struct merge_parents *table,
-			     unsigned char *given,
-			     unsigned char *commit)
+			     struct object_id *given,
+			     struct object_id *commit)
 {
 	if (table->nr && find_merge_parent(table, given, commit))
 		return;
 	ALLOC_GROW(table->item, table->nr + 1, table->alloc);
-	hashcpy(table->item[table->nr].given, given);
-	hashcpy(table->item[table->nr].commit, commit);
+	oidcpy(&table->item[table->nr].given, given);
+	oidcpy(&table->item[table->nr].commit, commit);
 	table->item[table->nr].used = 0;
 	table->nr++;
 }
@@ -105,30 +109,31 @@ static int handle_line(char *line, struct merge_parents *merge_parents)
 	struct src_data *src_data;
 	struct string_list_item *item;
 	int pulling_head = 0;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
+	const unsigned hexsz = the_hash_algo->hexsz;
 
-	if (len < 43 || line[40] != '\t')
+	if (len < hexsz + 3 || line[hexsz] != '\t')
 		return 1;
 
-	if (starts_with(line + 41, "not-for-merge"))
+	if (starts_with(line + hexsz + 1, "not-for-merge"))
 		return 0;
 
-	if (line[41] != '\t')
+	if (line[hexsz + 1] != '\t')
 		return 2;
 
-	i = get_sha1_hex(line, sha1);
+	i = get_oid_hex(line, &oid);
 	if (i)
 		return 3;
 
-	if (!find_merge_parent(merge_parents, sha1, NULL))
+	if (!find_merge_parent(merge_parents, &oid, NULL))
 		return 0; /* subsumed by other parents */
 
 	origin_data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct origin_data));
-	hashcpy(origin_data->sha1, sha1);
+	oidcpy(&origin_data->oid, &oid);
 
 	if (line[len - 1] == '\n')
 		line[len - 1] = 0;
-	line += 42;
+	line += hexsz + 2;
 
 	/*
 	 * At this point, line points at the beginning of comment e.g.
@@ -223,16 +228,14 @@ static void add_branch_desc(struct strbuf *out, const char *name)
 
 #define util_as_integral(elem) ((intptr_t)((elem)->util))
 
-static void record_person(int which, struct string_list *people,
-			  struct commit *commit)
+static void record_person_from_buf(int which, struct string_list *people,
+				   const char *buffer)
 {
-	const char *buffer;
 	char *name_buf, *name, *name_end;
 	struct string_list_item *elem;
 	const char *field;
 
 	field = (which == 'a') ? "\nauthor " : "\ncommitter ";
-	buffer = get_commit_buffer(commit, NULL);
 	name = strstr(buffer, field);
 	if (!name)
 		return;
@@ -245,7 +248,6 @@ static void record_person(int which, struct string_list *people,
 	if (name_end < name)
 		return;
 	name_buf = xmemdupz(name, name_end - name + 1);
-	unuse_commit_buffer(commit, buffer);
 
 	elem = string_list_lookup(people, name_buf);
 	if (!elem) {
@@ -256,6 +258,15 @@ static void record_person(int which, struct string_list *people,
 	free(name_buf);
 }
 
+
+static void record_person(int which, struct string_list *people,
+			  struct commit *commit)
+{
+	const char *buffer = get_commit_buffer(commit, NULL);
+	record_person_from_buf(which, people, buffer);
+	unuse_commit_buffer(commit, buffer);
+}
+
 static int cmp_string_list_util_as_integral(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 {
 	const struct string_list_item *a = a_, *b = b_;
@@ -265,7 +276,7 @@ static int cmp_string_list_util_as_integral(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 static void add_people_count(struct strbuf *out, struct string_list *people)
 {
 	if (people->nr == 1)
-		strbuf_addf(out, "%s", people->items[0].string);
+		strbuf_addstr(out, people->items[0].string);
 	else if (people->nr == 2)
 		strbuf_addf(out, "%s (%d) and %s (%d)",
 			    people->items[0].string,
@@ -307,14 +318,10 @@ static void add_people_info(struct strbuf *out,
 			    struct string_list *authors,
 			    struct string_list *committers)
 {
-	if (authors->nr)
-		qsort(authors->items,
-		      authors->nr, sizeof(authors->items[0]),
-		      cmp_string_list_util_as_integral);
-	if (committers->nr)
-		qsort(committers->items,
-		      committers->nr, sizeof(committers->items[0]),
-		      cmp_string_list_util_as_integral);
+	QSORT(authors->items, authors->nr,
+	      cmp_string_list_util_as_integral);
+	QSORT(committers->items, committers->nr,
+	      cmp_string_list_util_as_integral);
 
 	credit_people(out, authors, 'a');
 	credit_people(out, committers, 'c');
@@ -335,10 +342,12 @@ static void shortlog(const char *name,
 	struct string_list committers = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	int flags = UNINTERESTING | TREESAME | SEEN | SHOWN | ADDED;
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const unsigned char *sha1 = origin_data->sha1;
+	const struct object_id *oid = &origin_data->oid;
 	int limit = opts->shortlog_len;
 
-	branch = deref_tag(parse_object(sha1), sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
+	branch = deref_tag(the_repository, parse_object(the_repository, oid),
+			   oid_to_hex(oid),
+			   the_hash_algo->hexsz);
 	if (!branch || branch->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 		return;
 
@@ -371,9 +380,10 @@ static void shortlog(const char *name,
 
 		if (!sb.len)
 			string_list_append(&subjects,
-					   sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+					   oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 		else
-			string_list_append(&subjects, strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL));
+			string_list_append_nodup(&subjects,
+						 strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL));
 	}
 
 	if (opts->credit_people)
@@ -388,7 +398,7 @@ static void shortlog(const char *name,
 
 	for (i = 0; i < subjects.nr; i++)
 		if (i >= limit)
-			strbuf_addf(out, "  ...\n");
+			strbuf_addstr(out, "  ...\n");
 		else
 			strbuf_addf(out, "  %s\n", subjects.items[i].string);
 
@@ -404,7 +414,8 @@ static void shortlog(const char *name,
 }
 
 static void fmt_merge_msg_title(struct strbuf *out,
-	const char *current_branch) {
+				const char *current_branch)
+{
 	int i = 0;
 	char *sep = "";
 
@@ -479,10 +490,10 @@ static void fmt_merge_msg_sigs(struct strbuf *out)
 	struct strbuf tagbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < origins.nr; i++) {
-		unsigned char *sha1 = origins.items[i].util;
+		struct object_id *oid = origins.items[i].util;
 		enum object_type type;
 		unsigned long size, len;
-		char *buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+		char *buf = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
 		struct strbuf sig = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 		if (!buf || type != OBJ_TAG)
@@ -528,9 +539,9 @@ static void fmt_merge_msg_sigs(struct strbuf *out)
 }
 
 static void find_merge_parents(struct merge_parents *result,
-			       struct strbuf *in, unsigned char *head)
+			       struct strbuf *in, struct object_id *head)
 {
-	struct commit_list *parents, *next;
+	struct commit_list *parents;
 	struct commit *head_commit;
 	int pos = 0, i, j;
 
@@ -539,43 +550,40 @@ static void find_merge_parents(struct merge_parents *result,
 		int len;
 		char *p = in->buf + pos;
 		char *newline = strchr(p, '\n');
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		const char *q;
+		struct object_id oid;
 		struct commit *parent;
 		struct object *obj;
 
 		len = newline ? newline - p : strlen(p);
 		pos += len + !!newline;
 
-		if (len < 43 ||
-		    get_sha1_hex(p, sha1) ||
-		    p[40] != '\t' ||
-		    p[41] != '\t')
+		if (parse_oid_hex(p, &oid, &q) ||
+		    q[0] != '\t' ||
+		    q[1] != '\t')
 			continue; /* skip not-for-merge */
 		/*
 		 * Do not use get_merge_parent() here; we do not have
 		 * "name" here and we do not want to contaminate its
 		 * util field yet.
 		 */
-		obj = parse_object(sha1);
+		obj = parse_object(the_repository, &oid);
 		parent = (struct commit *)peel_to_type(NULL, 0, obj, OBJ_COMMIT);
 		if (!parent)
 			continue;
 		commit_list_insert(parent, &parents);
-		add_merge_parent(result, obj->sha1, parent->object.sha1);
+		add_merge_parent(result, &obj->oid, &parent->object.oid);
 	}
-	head_commit = lookup_commit(head);
+	head_commit = lookup_commit(the_repository, head);
 	if (head_commit)
 		commit_list_insert(head_commit, &parents);
-	parents = reduce_heads(parents);
+	reduce_heads_replace(&parents);
 
 	while (parents) {
+		struct commit *cmit = pop_commit(&parents);
 		for (i = 0; i < result->nr; i++)
-			if (!hashcmp(result->item[i].commit,
-				     parents->item->object.sha1))
+			if (!oidcmp(&result->item[i].commit, &cmit->object.oid))
 				result->item[i].used = 1;
-		next = parents->next;
-		free(parents);
-		parents = next;
 	}
 
 	for (i = j = 0; i < result->nr; i++) {
@@ -592,7 +600,7 @@ int fmt_merge_msg(struct strbuf *in, struct strbuf *out,
 		  struct fmt_merge_msg_opts *opts)
 {
 	int i = 0, pos = 0;
-	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id head_oid;
 	const char *current_branch;
 	void *current_branch_to_free;
 	struct merge_parents merge_parents;
@@ -601,13 +609,13 @@ int fmt_merge_msg(struct strbuf *in, struct strbuf *out,
 
 	/* get current branch */
 	current_branch = current_branch_to_free =
-		resolve_refdup("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING, head_sha1, NULL);
+		resolve_refdup("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING, &head_oid, NULL);
 	if (!current_branch)
 		die("No current branch");
 	if (starts_with(current_branch, "refs/heads/"))
 		current_branch += 11;
 
-	find_merge_parents(&merge_parents, in, head_sha1);
+	find_merge_parents(&merge_parents, in, &head_oid);
 
 	/* get a line */
 	while (pos < in->len) {
@@ -620,7 +628,7 @@ int fmt_merge_msg(struct strbuf *in, struct strbuf *out,
 		i++;
 		p[len] = 0;
 		if (handle_line(p, &merge_parents))
-			die ("Error in line %d: %.*s", i, len, p);
+			die("error in line %d: %.*s", i, len, p);
 	}
 
 	if (opts->add_title && srcs.nr)
@@ -633,7 +641,7 @@ int fmt_merge_msg(struct strbuf *in, struct strbuf *out,
 		struct commit *head;
 		struct rev_info rev;
 
-		head = lookup_commit_or_die(head_sha1, "HEAD");
+		head = lookup_commit_or_die(&head_oid, "HEAD");
 		init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
 		rev.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_ONELINE;
 		rev.ignore_merges = 1;
diff --git a/builtin/for-each-ref.c b/builtin/for-each-ref.c
index 83f9cf9163..e931be9ce4 100644
--- a/builtin/for-each-ref.c
+++ b/builtin/for-each-ref.c
@@ -1,1125 +1,88 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "object.h"
-#include "tag.h"
-#include "commit.h"
-#include "tree.h"
-#include "blob.h"
-#include "quote.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
-#include "remote.h"
-#include "color.h"
-
-/* Quoting styles */
-#define QUOTE_NONE 0
-#define QUOTE_SHELL 1
-#define QUOTE_PERL 2
-#define QUOTE_PYTHON 4
-#define QUOTE_TCL 8
-
-typedef enum { FIELD_STR, FIELD_ULONG, FIELD_TIME } cmp_type;
-
-struct atom_value {
-	const char *s;
-	unsigned long ul; /* used for sorting when not FIELD_STR */
-};
-
-struct ref_sort {
-	struct ref_sort *next;
-	int atom; /* index into used_atom array */
-	unsigned reverse : 1;
-};
-
-struct refinfo {
-	char *refname;
-	unsigned char objectname[20];
-	int flag;
-	const char *symref;
-	struct atom_value *value;
-};
-
-static struct {
-	const char *name;
-	cmp_type cmp_type;
-} valid_atom[] = {
-	{ "refname" },
-	{ "objecttype" },
-	{ "objectsize", FIELD_ULONG },
-	{ "objectname" },
-	{ "tree" },
-	{ "parent" },
-	{ "numparent", FIELD_ULONG },
-	{ "object" },
-	{ "type" },
-	{ "tag" },
-	{ "author" },
-	{ "authorname" },
-	{ "authoremail" },
-	{ "authordate", FIELD_TIME },
-	{ "committer" },
-	{ "committername" },
-	{ "committeremail" },
-	{ "committerdate", FIELD_TIME },
-	{ "tagger" },
-	{ "taggername" },
-	{ "taggeremail" },
-	{ "taggerdate", FIELD_TIME },
-	{ "creator" },
-	{ "creatordate", FIELD_TIME },
-	{ "subject" },
-	{ "body" },
-	{ "contents" },
-	{ "contents:subject" },
-	{ "contents:body" },
-	{ "contents:signature" },
-	{ "upstream" },
-	{ "symref" },
-	{ "flag" },
-	{ "HEAD" },
-	{ "color" },
-};
-
-/*
- * An atom is a valid field atom listed above, possibly prefixed with
- * a "*" to denote deref_tag().
- *
- * We parse given format string and sort specifiers, and make a list
- * of properties that we need to extract out of objects.  refinfo
- * structure will hold an array of values extracted that can be
- * indexed with the "atom number", which is an index into this
- * array.
- */
-static const char **used_atom;
-static cmp_type *used_atom_type;
-static int used_atom_cnt, need_tagged, need_symref;
-static int need_color_reset_at_eol;
-
-/*
- * Used to parse format string and sort specifiers
- */
-static int parse_atom(const char *atom, const char *ep)
-{
-	const char *sp;
-	int i, at;
-
-	sp = atom;
-	if (*sp == '*' && sp < ep)
-		sp++; /* deref */
-	if (ep <= sp)
-		die("malformed field name: %.*s", (int)(ep-atom), atom);
-
-	/* Do we have the atom already used elsewhere? */
-	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
-		int len = strlen(used_atom[i]);
-		if (len == ep - atom && !memcmp(used_atom[i], atom, len))
-			return i;
-	}
-
-	/* Is the atom a valid one? */
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(valid_atom); i++) {
-		int len = strlen(valid_atom[i].name);
-		/*
-		 * If the atom name has a colon, strip it and everything after
-		 * it off - it specifies the format for this entry, and
-		 * shouldn't be used for checking against the valid_atom
-		 * table.
-		 */
-		const char *formatp = strchr(sp, ':');
-		if (!formatp || ep < formatp)
-			formatp = ep;
-		if (len == formatp - sp && !memcmp(valid_atom[i].name, sp, len))
-			break;
-	}
-
-	if (ARRAY_SIZE(valid_atom) <= i)
-		die("unknown field name: %.*s", (int)(ep-atom), atom);
-
-	/* Add it in, including the deref prefix */
-	at = used_atom_cnt;
-	used_atom_cnt++;
-	REALLOC_ARRAY(used_atom, used_atom_cnt);
-	REALLOC_ARRAY(used_atom_type, used_atom_cnt);
-	used_atom[at] = xmemdupz(atom, ep - atom);
-	used_atom_type[at] = valid_atom[i].cmp_type;
-	if (*atom == '*')
-		need_tagged = 1;
-	if (!strcmp(used_atom[at], "symref"))
-		need_symref = 1;
-	return at;
-}
-
-/*
- * In a format string, find the next occurrence of %(atom).
- */
-static const char *find_next(const char *cp)
-{
-	while (*cp) {
-		if (*cp == '%') {
-			/*
-			 * %( is the start of an atom;
-			 * %% is a quoted per-cent.
-			 */
-			if (cp[1] == '(')
-				return cp;
-			else if (cp[1] == '%')
-				cp++; /* skip over two % */
-			/* otherwise this is a singleton, literal % */
-		}
-		cp++;
-	}
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-/*
- * Make sure the format string is well formed, and parse out
- * the used atoms.
- */
-static int verify_format(const char *format)
-{
-	const char *cp, *sp;
-
-	need_color_reset_at_eol = 0;
-	for (cp = format; *cp && (sp = find_next(cp)); ) {
-		const char *color, *ep = strchr(sp, ')');
-		int at;
-
-		if (!ep)
-			return error("malformed format string %s", sp);
-		/* sp points at "%(" and ep points at the closing ")" */
-		at = parse_atom(sp + 2, ep);
-		cp = ep + 1;
-
-		if (skip_prefix(used_atom[at], "color:", &color))
-			need_color_reset_at_eol = !!strcmp(color, "reset");
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Given an object name, read the object data and size, and return a
- * "struct object".  If the object data we are returning is also borrowed
- * by the "struct object" representation, set *eaten as well---it is a
- * signal from parse_object_buffer to us not to free the buffer.
- */
-static void *get_obj(const unsigned char *sha1, struct object **obj, unsigned long *sz, int *eaten)
-{
-	enum object_type type;
-	void *buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, sz);
-
-	if (buf)
-		*obj = parse_object_buffer(sha1, type, *sz, buf, eaten);
-	else
-		*obj = NULL;
-	return buf;
-}
-
-static int grab_objectname(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1,
-			    struct atom_value *v)
-{
-	if (!strcmp(name, "objectname")) {
-		char *s = xmalloc(41);
-		strcpy(s, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		v->s = s;
-		return 1;
-	}
-	if (!strcmp(name, "objectname:short")) {
-		v->s = xstrdup(find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-		return 1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* See grab_values */
-static void grab_common_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
-		const char *name = used_atom[i];
-		struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
-		if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
-			continue;
-		if (deref)
-			name++;
-		if (!strcmp(name, "objecttype"))
-			v->s = typename(obj->type);
-		else if (!strcmp(name, "objectsize")) {
-			char *s = xmalloc(40);
-			sprintf(s, "%lu", sz);
-			v->ul = sz;
-			v->s = s;
-		}
-		else if (deref)
-			grab_objectname(name, obj->sha1, v);
-	}
-}
-
-/* See grab_values */
-static void grab_tag_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
-{
-	int i;
-	struct tag *tag = (struct tag *) obj;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
-		const char *name = used_atom[i];
-		struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
-		if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
-			continue;
-		if (deref)
-			name++;
-		if (!strcmp(name, "tag"))
-			v->s = tag->tag;
-		else if (!strcmp(name, "type") && tag->tagged)
-			v->s = typename(tag->tagged->type);
-		else if (!strcmp(name, "object") && tag->tagged) {
-			char *s = xmalloc(41);
-			strcpy(s, sha1_to_hex(tag->tagged->sha1));
-			v->s = s;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/* See grab_values */
-static void grab_commit_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
-{
-	int i;
-	struct commit *commit = (struct commit *) obj;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
-		const char *name = used_atom[i];
-		struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
-		if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
-			continue;
-		if (deref)
-			name++;
-		if (!strcmp(name, "tree")) {
-			char *s = xmalloc(41);
-			strcpy(s, sha1_to_hex(commit->tree->object.sha1));
-			v->s = s;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(name, "numparent")) {
-			char *s = xmalloc(40);
-			v->ul = commit_list_count(commit->parents);
-			sprintf(s, "%lu", v->ul);
-			v->s = s;
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(name, "parent")) {
-			int num = commit_list_count(commit->parents);
-			int i;
-			struct commit_list *parents;
-			char *s = xmalloc(41 * num + 1);
-			v->s = s;
-			for (i = 0, parents = commit->parents;
-			     parents;
-			     parents = parents->next, i = i + 41) {
-				struct commit *parent = parents->item;
-				strcpy(s+i, sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
-				if (parents->next)
-					s[i+40] = ' ';
-			}
-			if (!i)
-				*s = '\0';
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-static const char *find_wholine(const char *who, int wholen, const char *buf, unsigned long sz)
-{
-	const char *eol;
-	while (*buf) {
-		if (!strncmp(buf, who, wholen) &&
-		    buf[wholen] == ' ')
-			return buf + wholen + 1;
-		eol = strchr(buf, '\n');
-		if (!eol)
-			return "";
-		eol++;
-		if (*eol == '\n')
-			return ""; /* end of header */
-		buf = eol;
-	}
-	return "";
-}
-
-static const char *copy_line(const char *buf)
-{
-	const char *eol = strchrnul(buf, '\n');
-	return xmemdupz(buf, eol - buf);
-}
-
-static const char *copy_name(const char *buf)
-{
-	const char *cp;
-	for (cp = buf; *cp && *cp != '\n'; cp++) {
-		if (!strncmp(cp, " <", 2))
-			return xmemdupz(buf, cp - buf);
-	}
-	return "";
-}
-
-static const char *copy_email(const char *buf)
-{
-	const char *email = strchr(buf, '<');
-	const char *eoemail;
-	if (!email)
-		return "";
-	eoemail = strchr(email, '>');
-	if (!eoemail)
-		return "";
-	return xmemdupz(email, eoemail + 1 - email);
-}
-
-static char *copy_subject(const char *buf, unsigned long len)
-{
-	char *r = xmemdupz(buf, len);
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
-		if (r[i] == '\n')
-			r[i] = ' ';
-
-	return r;
-}
-
-static void grab_date(const char *buf, struct atom_value *v, const char *atomname)
-{
-	const char *eoemail = strstr(buf, "> ");
-	char *zone;
-	unsigned long timestamp;
-	long tz;
-	enum date_mode date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
-	const char *formatp;
-
-	/*
-	 * We got here because atomname ends in "date" or "date<something>";
-	 * it's not possible that <something> is not ":<format>" because
-	 * parse_atom() wouldn't have allowed it, so we can assume that no
-	 * ":" means no format is specified, and use the default.
-	 */
-	formatp = strchr(atomname, ':');
-	if (formatp != NULL) {
-		formatp++;
-		date_mode = parse_date_format(formatp);
-	}
-
-	if (!eoemail)
-		goto bad;
-	timestamp = strtoul(eoemail + 2, &zone, 10);
-	if (timestamp == ULONG_MAX)
-		goto bad;
-	tz = strtol(zone, NULL, 10);
-	if ((tz == LONG_MIN || tz == LONG_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)
-		goto bad;
-	v->s = xstrdup(show_date(timestamp, tz, date_mode));
-	v->ul = timestamp;
-	return;
- bad:
-	v->s = "";
-	v->ul = 0;
-}
-
-/* See grab_values */
-static void grab_person(const char *who, struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
-{
-	int i;
-	int wholen = strlen(who);
-	const char *wholine = NULL;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
-		const char *name = used_atom[i];
-		struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
-		if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
-			continue;
-		if (deref)
-			name++;
-		if (strncmp(who, name, wholen))
-			continue;
-		if (name[wholen] != 0 &&
-		    strcmp(name + wholen, "name") &&
-		    strcmp(name + wholen, "email") &&
-		    !starts_with(name + wholen, "date"))
-			continue;
-		if (!wholine)
-			wholine = find_wholine(who, wholen, buf, sz);
-		if (!wholine)
-			return; /* no point looking for it */
-		if (name[wholen] == 0)
-			v->s = copy_line(wholine);
-		else if (!strcmp(name + wholen, "name"))
-			v->s = copy_name(wholine);
-		else if (!strcmp(name + wholen, "email"))
-			v->s = copy_email(wholine);
-		else if (starts_with(name + wholen, "date"))
-			grab_date(wholine, v, name);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * For a tag or a commit object, if "creator" or "creatordate" is
-	 * requested, do something special.
-	 */
-	if (strcmp(who, "tagger") && strcmp(who, "committer"))
-		return; /* "author" for commit object is not wanted */
-	if (!wholine)
-		wholine = find_wholine(who, wholen, buf, sz);
-	if (!wholine)
-		return;
-	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
-		const char *name = used_atom[i];
-		struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
-		if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
-			continue;
-		if (deref)
-			name++;
-
-		if (starts_with(name, "creatordate"))
-			grab_date(wholine, v, name);
-		else if (!strcmp(name, "creator"))
-			v->s = copy_line(wholine);
-	}
-}
-
-static void find_subpos(const char *buf, unsigned long sz,
-			const char **sub, unsigned long *sublen,
-			const char **body, unsigned long *bodylen,
-			unsigned long *nonsiglen,
-			const char **sig, unsigned long *siglen)
-{
-	const char *eol;
-	/* skip past header until we hit empty line */
-	while (*buf && *buf != '\n') {
-		eol = strchrnul(buf, '\n');
-		if (*eol)
-			eol++;
-		buf = eol;
-	}
-	/* skip any empty lines */
-	while (*buf == '\n')
-		buf++;
-
-	/* parse signature first; we might not even have a subject line */
-	*sig = buf + parse_signature(buf, strlen(buf));
-	*siglen = strlen(*sig);
-
-	/* subject is first non-empty line */
-	*sub = buf;
-	/* subject goes to first empty line */
-	while (buf < *sig && *buf && *buf != '\n') {
-		eol = strchrnul(buf, '\n');
-		if (*eol)
-			eol++;
-		buf = eol;
-	}
-	*sublen = buf - *sub;
-	/* drop trailing newline, if present */
-	if (*sublen && (*sub)[*sublen - 1] == '\n')
-		*sublen -= 1;
-
-	/* skip any empty lines */
-	while (*buf == '\n')
-		buf++;
-	*body = buf;
-	*bodylen = strlen(buf);
-	*nonsiglen = *sig - buf;
-}
-
-/* See grab_values */
-static void grab_sub_body_contents(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
-{
-	int i;
-	const char *subpos = NULL, *bodypos = NULL, *sigpos = NULL;
-	unsigned long sublen = 0, bodylen = 0, nonsiglen = 0, siglen = 0;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
-		const char *name = used_atom[i];
-		struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
-		if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
-			continue;
-		if (deref)
-			name++;
-		if (strcmp(name, "subject") &&
-		    strcmp(name, "body") &&
-		    strcmp(name, "contents") &&
-		    strcmp(name, "contents:subject") &&
-		    strcmp(name, "contents:body") &&
-		    strcmp(name, "contents:signature"))
-			continue;
-		if (!subpos)
-			find_subpos(buf, sz,
-				    &subpos, &sublen,
-				    &bodypos, &bodylen, &nonsiglen,
-				    &sigpos, &siglen);
-
-		if (!strcmp(name, "subject"))
-			v->s = copy_subject(subpos, sublen);
-		else if (!strcmp(name, "contents:subject"))
-			v->s = copy_subject(subpos, sublen);
-		else if (!strcmp(name, "body"))
-			v->s = xmemdupz(bodypos, bodylen);
-		else if (!strcmp(name, "contents:body"))
-			v->s = xmemdupz(bodypos, nonsiglen);
-		else if (!strcmp(name, "contents:signature"))
-			v->s = xmemdupz(sigpos, siglen);
-		else if (!strcmp(name, "contents"))
-			v->s = xstrdup(subpos);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * We want to have empty print-string for field requests
- * that do not apply (e.g. "authordate" for a tag object)
- */
-static void fill_missing_values(struct atom_value *val)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
-		struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
-		if (v->s == NULL)
-			v->s = "";
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * val is a list of atom_value to hold returned values.  Extract
- * the values for atoms in used_atom array out of (obj, buf, sz).
- * when deref is false, (obj, buf, sz) is the object that is
- * pointed at by the ref itself; otherwise it is the object the
- * ref (which is a tag) refers to.
- */
-static void grab_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
-{
-	grab_common_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
-	switch (obj->type) {
-	case OBJ_TAG:
-		grab_tag_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
-		grab_sub_body_contents(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
-		grab_person("tagger", val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
-		break;
-	case OBJ_COMMIT:
-		grab_commit_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
-		grab_sub_body_contents(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
-		grab_person("author", val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
-		grab_person("committer", val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
-		break;
-	case OBJ_TREE:
-		/* grab_tree_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz); */
-		break;
-	case OBJ_BLOB:
-		/* grab_blob_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz); */
-		break;
-	default:
-		die("Eh?  Object of type %d?", obj->type);
-	}
-}
-
-static inline char *copy_advance(char *dst, const char *src)
-{
-	while (*src)
-		*dst++ = *src++;
-	return dst;
-}
-
-/*
- * Parse the object referred by ref, and grab needed value.
- */
-static void populate_value(struct refinfo *ref)
-{
-	void *buf;
-	struct object *obj;
-	int eaten, i;
-	unsigned long size;
-	const unsigned char *tagged;
-
-	ref->value = xcalloc(used_atom_cnt, sizeof(struct atom_value));
-
-	if (need_symref && (ref->flag & REF_ISSYMREF) && !ref->symref) {
-		unsigned char unused1[20];
-		ref->symref = resolve_refdup(ref->refname, RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-					     unused1, NULL);
-		if (!ref->symref)
-			ref->symref = "";
-	}
-
-	/* Fill in specials first */
-	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
-		const char *name = used_atom[i];
-		struct atom_value *v = &ref->value[i];
-		int deref = 0;
-		const char *refname;
-		const char *formatp;
-		struct branch *branch = NULL;
-
-		if (*name == '*') {
-			deref = 1;
-			name++;
-		}
-
-		if (starts_with(name, "refname"))
-			refname = ref->refname;
-		else if (starts_with(name, "symref"))
-			refname = ref->symref ? ref->symref : "";
-		else if (starts_with(name, "upstream")) {
-			/* only local branches may have an upstream */
-			if (!starts_with(ref->refname, "refs/heads/"))
-				continue;
-			branch = branch_get(ref->refname + 11);
-
-			if (!branch || !branch->merge || !branch->merge[0] ||
-			    !branch->merge[0]->dst)
-				continue;
-			refname = branch->merge[0]->dst;
-		} else if (starts_with(name, "color:")) {
-			char color[COLOR_MAXLEN] = "";
-
-			if (color_parse(name + 6, color) < 0)
-				die(_("unable to parse format"));
-			v->s = xstrdup(color);
-			continue;
-		} else if (!strcmp(name, "flag")) {
-			char buf[256], *cp = buf;
-			if (ref->flag & REF_ISSYMREF)
-				cp = copy_advance(cp, ",symref");
-			if (ref->flag & REF_ISPACKED)
-				cp = copy_advance(cp, ",packed");
-			if (cp == buf)
-				v->s = "";
-			else {
-				*cp = '\0';
-				v->s = xstrdup(buf + 1);
-			}
-			continue;
-		} else if (!deref && grab_objectname(name, ref->objectname, v)) {
-			continue;
-		} else if (!strcmp(name, "HEAD")) {
-			const char *head;
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
-
-			head = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-						  sha1, NULL);
-			if (!strcmp(ref->refname, head))
-				v->s = "*";
-			else
-				v->s = " ";
-			continue;
-		} else
-			continue;
-
-		formatp = strchr(name, ':');
-		if (formatp) {
-			int num_ours, num_theirs;
-
-			formatp++;
-			if (!strcmp(formatp, "short"))
-				refname = shorten_unambiguous_ref(refname,
-						      warn_ambiguous_refs);
-			else if (!strcmp(formatp, "track") &&
-				 starts_with(name, "upstream")) {
-				char buf[40];
-
-				if (stat_tracking_info(branch, &num_ours,
-						       &num_theirs) != 1)
-					continue;
-
-				if (!num_ours && !num_theirs)
-					v->s = "";
-				else if (!num_ours) {
-					sprintf(buf, "[behind %d]", num_theirs);
-					v->s = xstrdup(buf);
-				} else if (!num_theirs) {
-					sprintf(buf, "[ahead %d]", num_ours);
-					v->s = xstrdup(buf);
-				} else {
-					sprintf(buf, "[ahead %d, behind %d]",
-						num_ours, num_theirs);
-					v->s = xstrdup(buf);
-				}
-				continue;
-			} else if (!strcmp(formatp, "trackshort") &&
-				   starts_with(name, "upstream")) {
-				assert(branch);
-
-				if (stat_tracking_info(branch, &num_ours,
-							&num_theirs) != 1)
-					continue;
-
-				if (!num_ours && !num_theirs)
-					v->s = "=";
-				else if (!num_ours)
-					v->s = "<";
-				else if (!num_theirs)
-					v->s = ">";
-				else
-					v->s = "<>";
-				continue;
-			} else
-				die("unknown %.*s format %s",
-				    (int)(formatp - name), name, formatp);
-		}
-
-		if (!deref)
-			v->s = refname;
-		else {
-			int len = strlen(refname);
-			char *s = xmalloc(len + 4);
-			sprintf(s, "%s^{}", refname);
-			v->s = s;
-		}
-	}
-
-	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
-		struct atom_value *v = &ref->value[i];
-		if (v->s == NULL)
-			goto need_obj;
-	}
-	return;
-
- need_obj:
-	buf = get_obj(ref->objectname, &obj, &size, &eaten);
-	if (!buf)
-		die("missing object %s for %s",
-		    sha1_to_hex(ref->objectname), ref->refname);
-	if (!obj)
-		die("parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s",
-		    sha1_to_hex(ref->objectname), ref->refname);
-
-	grab_values(ref->value, 0, obj, buf, size);
-	if (!eaten)
-		free(buf);
-
-	/*
-	 * If there is no atom that wants to know about tagged
-	 * object, we are done.
-	 */
-	if (!need_tagged || (obj->type != OBJ_TAG))
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * If it is a tag object, see if we use a value that derefs
-	 * the object, and if we do grab the object it refers to.
-	 */
-	tagged = ((struct tag *)obj)->tagged->sha1;
-
-	/*
-	 * NEEDSWORK: This derefs tag only once, which
-	 * is good to deal with chains of trust, but
-	 * is not consistent with what deref_tag() does
-	 * which peels the onion to the core.
-	 */
-	buf = get_obj(tagged, &obj, &size, &eaten);
-	if (!buf)
-		die("missing object %s for %s",
-		    sha1_to_hex(tagged), ref->refname);
-	if (!obj)
-		die("parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s",
-		    sha1_to_hex(tagged), ref->refname);
-	grab_values(ref->value, 1, obj, buf, size);
-	if (!eaten)
-		free(buf);
-}
-
-/*
- * Given a ref, return the value for the atom.  This lazily gets value
- * out of the object by calling populate value.
- */
-static void get_value(struct refinfo *ref, int atom, struct atom_value **v)
-{
-	if (!ref->value) {
-		populate_value(ref);
-		fill_missing_values(ref->value);
-	}
-	*v = &ref->value[atom];
-}
-
-struct grab_ref_cbdata {
-	struct refinfo **grab_array;
-	const char **grab_pattern;
-	int grab_cnt;
-};
-
-/*
- * A call-back given to for_each_ref().  Filter refs and keep them for
- * later object processing.
- */
-static int grab_single_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct grab_ref_cbdata *cb = cb_data;
-	struct refinfo *ref;
-	int cnt;
-
-	if (flag & REF_BAD_NAME) {
-		  warning("ignoring ref with broken name %s", refname);
-		  return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (*cb->grab_pattern) {
-		const char **pattern;
-		int namelen = strlen(refname);
-		for (pattern = cb->grab_pattern; *pattern; pattern++) {
-			const char *p = *pattern;
-			int plen = strlen(p);
-
-			if ((plen <= namelen) &&
-			    !strncmp(refname, p, plen) &&
-			    (refname[plen] == '\0' ||
-			     refname[plen] == '/' ||
-			     p[plen-1] == '/'))
-				break;
-			if (!wildmatch(p, refname, WM_PATHNAME, NULL))
-				break;
-		}
-		if (!*pattern)
-			return 0;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * We do not open the object yet; sort may only need refname
-	 * to do its job and the resulting list may yet to be pruned
-	 * by maxcount logic.
-	 */
-	ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref));
-	ref->refname = xstrdup(refname);
-	hashcpy(ref->objectname, sha1);
-	ref->flag = flag;
-
-	cnt = cb->grab_cnt;
-	REALLOC_ARRAY(cb->grab_array, cnt + 1);
-	cb->grab_array[cnt++] = ref;
-	cb->grab_cnt = cnt;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int cmp_ref_sort(struct ref_sort *s, struct refinfo *a, struct refinfo *b)
-{
-	struct atom_value *va, *vb;
-	int cmp;
-	cmp_type cmp_type = used_atom_type[s->atom];
-
-	get_value(a, s->atom, &va);
-	get_value(b, s->atom, &vb);
-	switch (cmp_type) {
-	case FIELD_STR:
-		cmp = strcmp(va->s, vb->s);
-		break;
-	default:
-		if (va->ul < vb->ul)
-			cmp = -1;
-		else if (va->ul == vb->ul)
-			cmp = 0;
-		else
-			cmp = 1;
-		break;
-	}
-	return (s->reverse) ? -cmp : cmp;
-}
-
-static struct ref_sort *ref_sort;
-static int compare_refs(const void *a_, const void *b_)
-{
-	struct refinfo *a = *((struct refinfo **)a_);
-	struct refinfo *b = *((struct refinfo **)b_);
-	struct ref_sort *s;
-
-	for (s = ref_sort; s; s = s->next) {
-		int cmp = cmp_ref_sort(s, a, b);
-		if (cmp)
-			return cmp;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void sort_refs(struct ref_sort *sort, struct refinfo **refs, int num_refs)
-{
-	ref_sort = sort;
-	qsort(refs, num_refs, sizeof(struct refinfo *), compare_refs);
-}
-
-static void print_value(struct atom_value *v, int quote_style)
-{
-	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	switch (quote_style) {
-	case QUOTE_NONE:
-		fputs(v->s, stdout);
-		break;
-	case QUOTE_SHELL:
-		sq_quote_buf(&sb, v->s);
-		break;
-	case QUOTE_PERL:
-		perl_quote_buf(&sb, v->s);
-		break;
-	case QUOTE_PYTHON:
-		python_quote_buf(&sb, v->s);
-		break;
-	case QUOTE_TCL:
-		tcl_quote_buf(&sb, v->s);
-		break;
-	}
-	if (quote_style != QUOTE_NONE) {
-		fputs(sb.buf, stdout);
-		strbuf_release(&sb);
-	}
-}
-
-static int hex1(char ch)
-{
-	if ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9')
-		return ch - '0';
-	else if ('a' <= ch && ch <= 'f')
-		return ch - 'a' + 10;
-	else if ('A' <= ch && ch <= 'F')
-		return ch - 'A' + 10;
-	return -1;
-}
-static int hex2(const char *cp)
-{
-	if (cp[0] && cp[1])
-		return (hex1(cp[0]) << 4) | hex1(cp[1]);
-	else
-		return -1;
-}
-
-static void emit(const char *cp, const char *ep)
-{
-	while (*cp && (!ep || cp < ep)) {
-		if (*cp == '%') {
-			if (cp[1] == '%')
-				cp++;
-			else {
-				int ch = hex2(cp + 1);
-				if (0 <= ch) {
-					putchar(ch);
-					cp += 3;
-					continue;
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		putchar(*cp);
-		cp++;
-	}
-}
-
-static void show_ref(struct refinfo *info, const char *format, int quote_style)
-{
-	const char *cp, *sp, *ep;
-
-	for (cp = format; *cp && (sp = find_next(cp)); cp = ep + 1) {
-		struct atom_value *atomv;
-
-		ep = strchr(sp, ')');
-		if (cp < sp)
-			emit(cp, sp);
-		get_value(info, parse_atom(sp + 2, ep), &atomv);
-		print_value(atomv, quote_style);
-	}
-	if (*cp) {
-		sp = cp + strlen(cp);
-		emit(cp, sp);
-	}
-	if (need_color_reset_at_eol) {
-		struct atom_value resetv;
-		char color[COLOR_MAXLEN] = "";
-
-		if (color_parse("reset", color) < 0)
-			die("BUG: couldn't parse 'reset' as a color");
-		resetv.s = color;
-		print_value(&resetv, quote_style);
-	}
-	putchar('\n');
-}
-
-static struct ref_sort *default_sort(void)
-{
-	static const char cstr_name[] = "refname";
-
-	struct ref_sort *sort = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*sort));
-
-	sort->next = NULL;
-	sort->atom = parse_atom(cstr_name, cstr_name + strlen(cstr_name));
-	return sort;
-}
-
-static int opt_parse_sort(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	struct ref_sort **sort_tail = opt->value;
-	struct ref_sort *s;
-	int len;
-
-	if (!arg) /* should --no-sort void the list ? */
-		return -1;
-
-	s = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*s));
-	s->next = *sort_tail;
-	*sort_tail = s;
-
-	if (*arg == '-') {
-		s->reverse = 1;
-		arg++;
-	}
-	len = strlen(arg);
-	s->atom = parse_atom(arg, arg+len);
-	return 0;
-}
+#include "ref-filter.h"
 
 static char const * const for_each_ref_usage[] = {
 	N_("git for-each-ref [<options>] [<pattern>]"),
+	N_("git for-each-ref [--points-at <object>]"),
+	N_("git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]"),
+	N_("git for-each-ref [--contains [<commit>]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 int cmd_for_each_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i, num_refs;
-	const char *format = "%(objectname) %(objecttype)\t%(refname)";
-	struct ref_sort *sort = NULL, **sort_tail = &sort;
-	int maxcount = 0, quote_style = 0;
-	struct refinfo **refs;
-	struct grab_ref_cbdata cbdata;
+	int i;
+	struct ref_sorting *sorting = NULL, **sorting_tail = &sorting;
+	int maxcount = 0, icase = 0;
+	struct ref_array array;
+	struct ref_filter filter;
+	struct ref_format format = REF_FORMAT_INIT;
 
 	struct option opts[] = {
-		OPT_BIT('s', "shell", &quote_style,
+		OPT_BIT('s', "shell", &format.quote_style,
 			N_("quote placeholders suitably for shells"), QUOTE_SHELL),
-		OPT_BIT('p', "perl",  &quote_style,
+		OPT_BIT('p', "perl",  &format.quote_style,
 			N_("quote placeholders suitably for perl"), QUOTE_PERL),
-		OPT_BIT(0 , "python", &quote_style,
+		OPT_BIT(0 , "python", &format.quote_style,
 			N_("quote placeholders suitably for python"), QUOTE_PYTHON),
-		OPT_BIT(0 , "tcl",  &quote_style,
+		OPT_BIT(0 , "tcl",  &format.quote_style,
 			N_("quote placeholders suitably for Tcl"), QUOTE_TCL),
 
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
 		OPT_INTEGER( 0 , "count", &maxcount, N_("show only <n> matched refs")),
-		OPT_STRING(  0 , "format", &format, N_("format"), N_("format to use for the output")),
-		OPT_CALLBACK(0 , "sort", sort_tail, N_("key"),
-			    N_("field name to sort on"), &opt_parse_sort),
+		OPT_STRING(  0 , "format", &format.format, N_("format"), N_("format to use for the output")),
+		OPT__COLOR(&format.use_color, N_("respect format colors")),
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0 , "sort", sorting_tail, N_("key"),
+			    N_("field name to sort on"), &parse_opt_ref_sorting),
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "points-at", &filter.points_at,
+			     N_("object"), N_("print only refs which points at the given object"),
+			     parse_opt_object_name),
+		OPT_MERGED(&filter, N_("print only refs that are merged")),
+		OPT_NO_MERGED(&filter, N_("print only refs that are not merged")),
+		OPT_CONTAINS(&filter.with_commit, N_("print only refs which contain the commit")),
+		OPT_NO_CONTAINS(&filter.no_commit, N_("print only refs which don't contain the commit")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "ignore-case", &icase, N_("sorting and filtering are case insensitive")),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
+	memset(&array, 0, sizeof(array));
+	memset(&filter, 0, sizeof(filter));
+
+	format.format = "%(objectname) %(objecttype)\t%(refname)";
+
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
 	parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, opts, for_each_ref_usage, 0);
 	if (maxcount < 0) {
 		error("invalid --count argument: `%d'", maxcount);
 		usage_with_options(for_each_ref_usage, opts);
 	}
-	if (HAS_MULTI_BITS(quote_style)) {
+	if (HAS_MULTI_BITS(format.quote_style)) {
 		error("more than one quoting style?");
 		usage_with_options(for_each_ref_usage, opts);
 	}
-	if (verify_format(format))
+	if (verify_ref_format(&format))
 		usage_with_options(for_each_ref_usage, opts);
 
-	if (!sort)
-		sort = default_sort();
-
-	/* for warn_ambiguous_refs */
-	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
-
-	memset(&cbdata, 0, sizeof(cbdata));
-	cbdata.grab_pattern = argv;
-	for_each_rawref(grab_single_ref, &cbdata);
-	refs = cbdata.grab_array;
-	num_refs = cbdata.grab_cnt;
+	if (!sorting)
+		sorting = ref_default_sorting();
+	sorting->ignore_case = icase;
+	filter.ignore_case = icase;
 
-	sort_refs(sort, refs, num_refs);
+	filter.name_patterns = argv;
+	filter.match_as_path = 1;
+	filter_refs(&array, &filter, FILTER_REFS_ALL | FILTER_REFS_INCLUDE_BROKEN);
+	ref_array_sort(sorting, &array);
 
-	if (!maxcount || num_refs < maxcount)
-		maxcount = num_refs;
+	if (!maxcount || array.nr < maxcount)
+		maxcount = array.nr;
 	for (i = 0; i < maxcount; i++)
-		show_ref(refs[i], format, quote_style);
+		show_ref_array_item(array.items[i], &format);
+	ref_array_clear(&array);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/fsck.c b/builtin/fsck.c
index 0c757862e8..250f5af118 100644
--- a/builtin/fsck.c
+++ b/builtin/fsck.c
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "blob.h"
@@ -13,70 +15,120 @@
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "progress.h"
 #include "streaming.h"
+#include "decorate.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
 
 #define REACHABLE 0x0001
 #define SEEN      0x0002
 #define HAS_OBJ   0x0004
+/* This flag is set if something points to this object. */
+#define USED      0x0008
 
 static int show_root;
 static int show_tags;
 static int show_unreachable;
 static int include_reflogs = 1;
 static int check_full = 1;
+static int connectivity_only;
 static int check_strict;
 static int keep_cache_objects;
-static unsigned char head_sha1[20];
+static struct fsck_options fsck_walk_options = FSCK_OPTIONS_DEFAULT;
+static struct fsck_options fsck_obj_options = FSCK_OPTIONS_DEFAULT;
+static struct object_id head_oid;
 static const char *head_points_at;
 static int errors_found;
 static int write_lost_and_found;
 static int verbose;
 static int show_progress = -1;
 static int show_dangling = 1;
+static int name_objects;
 #define ERROR_OBJECT 01
 #define ERROR_REACHABLE 02
 #define ERROR_PACK 04
+#define ERROR_REFS 010
+#define ERROR_COMMIT_GRAPH 020
 
-#ifdef NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT
-#define SORT_DIRENT 0
-#define DIRENT_SORT_HINT(de) 0
-#else
-#define SORT_DIRENT 1
-#define DIRENT_SORT_HINT(de) ((de)->d_ino)
-#endif
+static const char *describe_object(struct object *obj)
+{
+	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *name = name_objects ?
+		lookup_decoration(fsck_walk_options.object_names, obj) : NULL;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
+	if (name)
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, " (%s)", name);
+
+	return buf.buf;
+}
+
+static const char *printable_type(struct object *obj)
+{
+	const char *ret;
+
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_NONE) {
+		enum object_type type = oid_object_info(the_repository,
+							&obj->oid, NULL);
+		if (type > 0)
+			object_as_type(the_repository, obj, type, 0);
+	}
+
+	ret = type_name(obj->type);
+	if (!ret)
+		ret = "unknown";
+
+	return ret;
+}
 
-static void objreport(struct object *obj, const char *severity,
-                      const char *err, va_list params)
+static int fsck_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-	fprintf(stderr, "%s in %s %s: ",
-	        severity, typename(obj->type), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
-	vfprintf(stderr, err, params);
-	fputs("\n", stderr);
+	if (strcmp(var, "fsck.skiplist") == 0) {
+		const char *path;
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (git_config_pathname(&path, var, value))
+			return 1;
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, "skiplist=%s", path);
+		free((char *)path);
+		fsck_set_msg_types(&fsck_obj_options, sb.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (skip_prefix(var, "fsck.", &var)) {
+		fsck_set_msg_type(&fsck_obj_options, var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
-__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)))
-static int objerror(struct object *obj, const char *err, ...)
+static void objreport(struct object *obj, const char *msg_type,
+			const char *err)
+{
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s in %s %s: %s\n",
+		msg_type, printable_type(obj), describe_object(obj), err);
+}
+
+static int objerror(struct object *obj, const char *err)
 {
-	va_list params;
-	va_start(params, err);
 	errors_found |= ERROR_OBJECT;
-	objreport(obj, "error", err, params);
-	va_end(params);
+	objreport(obj, "error", err);
 	return -1;
 }
 
-__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
-static int fsck_error_func(struct object *obj, int type, const char *err, ...)
+static int fsck_error_func(struct fsck_options *o,
+	struct object *obj, int type, const char *message)
 {
-	va_list params;
-	va_start(params, err);
-	objreport(obj, (type == FSCK_WARN) ? "warning" : "error", err, params);
-	va_end(params);
+	objreport(obj, (type == FSCK_WARN) ? "warning" : "error", message);
 	return (type == FSCK_WARN) ? 0 : 1;
 }
 
 static struct object_array pending;
 
-static int mark_object(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
+static int mark_object(struct object *obj, int type, void *data, struct fsck_options *options)
 {
 	struct object *parent = data;
 
@@ -88,9 +140,9 @@ static int mark_object(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
 	if (!obj) {
 		/* ... these references to parent->fld are safe here */
 		printf("broken link from %7s %s\n",
-			   typename(parent->type), sha1_to_hex(parent->sha1));
+			   printable_type(parent), describe_object(parent));
 		printf("broken link from %7s %s\n",
-			   (type == OBJ_ANY ? "unknown" : typename(type)), "unknown");
+			   (type == OBJ_ANY ? "unknown" : type_name(type)), "unknown");
 		errors_found |= ERROR_REACHABLE;
 		return 1;
 	}
@@ -102,12 +154,21 @@ static int mark_object(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
 	if (obj->flags & REACHABLE)
 		return 0;
 	obj->flags |= REACHABLE;
+
+	if (is_promisor_object(&obj->oid))
+		/*
+		 * Further recursion does not need to be performed on this
+		 * object since it is a promisor object (so it does not need to
+		 * be added to "pending").
+		 */
+		return 0;
+
 	if (!(obj->flags & HAS_OBJ)) {
-		if (parent && !has_sha1_file(obj->sha1)) {
+		if (parent && !has_object_file(&obj->oid)) {
 			printf("broken link from %7s %s\n",
-				 typename(parent->type), sha1_to_hex(parent->sha1));
+				 printable_type(parent), describe_object(parent));
 			printf("              to %7s %s\n",
-				 typename(obj->type), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+				 printable_type(obj), describe_object(obj));
 			errors_found |= ERROR_REACHABLE;
 		}
 		return 1;
@@ -119,22 +180,17 @@ static int mark_object(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
 
 static void mark_object_reachable(struct object *obj)
 {
-	mark_object(obj, OBJ_ANY, NULL);
+	mark_object(obj, OBJ_ANY, NULL, NULL);
 }
 
 static int traverse_one_object(struct object *obj)
 {
-	int result;
-	struct tree *tree = NULL;
+	int result = fsck_walk(obj, obj, &fsck_walk_options);
 
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
-		tree = (struct tree *)obj;
-		if (parse_tree(tree) < 0)
-			return 1; /* error already displayed */
-	}
-	result = fsck_walk(obj, mark_object, obj);
-	if (tree)
+		struct tree *tree = (struct tree *)obj;
 		free_tree_buffer(tree);
+	}
 	return result;
 }
 
@@ -144,25 +200,20 @@ static int traverse_reachable(void)
 	unsigned int nr = 0;
 	int result = 0;
 	if (show_progress)
-		progress = start_progress_delay(_("Checking connectivity"), 0, 0, 2);
+		progress = start_delayed_progress(_("Checking connectivity"), 0);
 	while (pending.nr) {
-		struct object_array_entry *entry;
-		struct object *obj;
-
-		entry = pending.objects + --pending.nr;
-		obj = entry->item;
-		result |= traverse_one_object(obj);
+		result |= traverse_one_object(object_array_pop(&pending));
 		display_progress(progress, ++nr);
 	}
 	stop_progress(&progress);
 	return !!result;
 }
 
-static int mark_used(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
+static int mark_used(struct object *obj, int type, void *data, struct fsck_options *options)
 {
 	if (!obj)
 		return 1;
-	obj->used = 1;
+	obj->flags |= USED;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -177,9 +228,12 @@ static void check_reachable_object(struct object *obj)
 	 * do a full fsck
 	 */
 	if (!(obj->flags & HAS_OBJ)) {
-		if (has_sha1_pack(obj->sha1))
+		if (is_promisor_object(&obj->oid))
+			return;
+		if (has_object_pack(&obj->oid))
 			return; /* it is in pack - forget about it */
-		printf("missing %s %s\n", typename(obj->type), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+		printf("missing %s %s\n", printable_type(obj),
+			describe_object(obj));
 		errors_found |= ERROR_REACHABLE;
 		return;
 	}
@@ -196,7 +250,7 @@ static void check_unreachable_object(struct object *obj)
 	 * to complain about it being unreachable (since it does
 	 * not exist).
 	 */
-	if (!obj->parsed)
+	if (!(obj->flags & HAS_OBJ))
 		return;
 
 	/*
@@ -204,12 +258,13 @@ static void check_unreachable_object(struct object *obj)
 	 * since this is something that is prunable.
 	 */
 	if (show_unreachable) {
-		printf("unreachable %s %s\n", typename(obj->type), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+		printf("unreachable %s %s\n", printable_type(obj),
+			describe_object(obj));
 		return;
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * "!used" means that nothing at all points to it, including
+	 * "!USED" means that nothing at all points to it, including
 	 * other unreachable objects. In other words, it's the "tip"
 	 * of some set of unreachable objects, usually a commit that
 	 * got dropped.
@@ -220,30 +275,31 @@ static void check_unreachable_object(struct object *obj)
 	 * deleted a branch by mistake, this is a prime candidate to
 	 * start looking at, for example.
 	 */
-	if (!obj->used) {
+	if (!(obj->flags & USED)) {
 		if (show_dangling)
-			printf("dangling %s %s\n", typename(obj->type),
-			       sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+			printf("dangling %s %s\n", printable_type(obj),
+			       describe_object(obj));
 		if (write_lost_and_found) {
-			char *filename = git_path("lost-found/%s/%s",
+			char *filename = git_pathdup("lost-found/%s/%s",
 				obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT ? "commit" : "other",
-				sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+				describe_object(obj));
 			FILE *f;
 
-			if (safe_create_leading_directories(filename)) {
+			if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(filename)) {
 				error("Could not create lost-found");
+				free(filename);
 				return;
 			}
-			if (!(f = fopen(filename, "w")))
-				die_errno("Could not open '%s'", filename);
+			f = xfopen(filename, "w");
 			if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB) {
-				if (stream_blob_to_fd(fileno(f), obj->sha1, NULL, 1))
+				if (stream_blob_to_fd(fileno(f), &obj->oid, NULL, 1))
 					die_errno("Could not write '%s'", filename);
 			} else
-				fprintf(f, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+				fprintf(f, "%s\n", describe_object(obj));
 			if (fclose(f))
 				die_errno("Could not finish '%s'",
 					  filename);
+			free(filename);
 		}
 		return;
 	}
@@ -258,7 +314,7 @@ static void check_unreachable_object(struct object *obj)
 static void check_object(struct object *obj)
 {
 	if (verbose)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Checking %s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+		fprintf(stderr, "Checking %s\n", describe_object(obj));
 
 	if (obj->flags & REACHABLE)
 		check_reachable_object(obj);
@@ -286,217 +342,143 @@ static void check_connectivity(void)
 	}
 }
 
-static int fsck_obj(struct object *obj)
+static int fsck_obj(struct object *obj, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
 {
+	int err;
+
 	if (obj->flags & SEEN)
 		return 0;
 	obj->flags |= SEEN;
 
 	if (verbose)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Checking %s %s\n",
-			typename(obj->type), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+			printable_type(obj), describe_object(obj));
 
-	if (fsck_walk(obj, mark_used, NULL))
+	if (fsck_walk(obj, NULL, &fsck_obj_options))
 		objerror(obj, "broken links");
-	if (fsck_object(obj, NULL, 0, check_strict, fsck_error_func))
-		return -1;
-
-	if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
-		struct tree *item = (struct tree *) obj;
-
-		free_tree_buffer(item);
-	}
+	err = fsck_object(obj, buffer, size, &fsck_obj_options);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
 
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
 		struct commit *commit = (struct commit *) obj;
 
-		free_commit_buffer(commit);
-
 		if (!commit->parents && show_root)
-			printf("root %s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+			printf("root %s\n", describe_object(&commit->object));
 	}
 
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
 		struct tag *tag = (struct tag *) obj;
 
 		if (show_tags && tag->tagged) {
-			printf("tagged %s %s", typename(tag->tagged->type), sha1_to_hex(tag->tagged->sha1));
-			printf(" (%s) in %s\n", tag->tag, sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
+			printf("tagged %s %s", printable_type(tag->tagged),
+				describe_object(tag->tagged));
+			printf(" (%s) in %s\n", tag->tag,
+				describe_object(&tag->object));
 		}
 	}
 
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int fsck_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct object *obj = parse_object(sha1);
-	if (!obj) {
-		errors_found |= ERROR_OBJECT;
-		return error("%s: object corrupt or missing",
-			     sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	}
-	obj->flags |= HAS_OBJ;
-	return fsck_obj(obj);
+out:
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE)
+		free_tree_buffer((struct tree *)obj);
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+		free_commit_buffer((struct commit *)obj);
+	return err;
 }
 
-static int fsck_obj_buffer(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type type,
+static int fsck_obj_buffer(const struct object_id *oid, enum object_type type,
 			   unsigned long size, void *buffer, int *eaten)
 {
+	/*
+	 * Note, buffer may be NULL if type is OBJ_BLOB. See
+	 * verify_packfile(), data_valid variable for details.
+	 */
 	struct object *obj;
-	obj = parse_object_buffer(sha1, type, size, buffer, eaten);
+	obj = parse_object_buffer(the_repository, oid, type, size, buffer,
+				  eaten);
 	if (!obj) {
 		errors_found |= ERROR_OBJECT;
-		return error("%s: object corrupt or missing", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		return error("%s: object corrupt or missing", oid_to_hex(oid));
 	}
-	obj->flags = HAS_OBJ;
-	return fsck_obj(obj);
-}
-
-/*
- * This is the sorting chunk size: make it reasonably
- * big so that we can sort well..
- */
-#define MAX_SHA1_ENTRIES (1024)
-
-struct sha1_entry {
-	unsigned long ino;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-};
-
-static struct {
-	unsigned long nr;
-	struct sha1_entry *entry[MAX_SHA1_ENTRIES];
-} sha1_list;
-
-static int ino_compare(const void *_a, const void *_b)
-{
-	const struct sha1_entry *a = _a, *b = _b;
-	unsigned long ino1 = a->ino, ino2 = b->ino;
-	return ino1 < ino2 ? -1 : ino1 > ino2 ? 1 : 0;
-}
-
-static void fsck_sha1_list(void)
-{
-	int i, nr = sha1_list.nr;
-
-	if (SORT_DIRENT)
-		qsort(sha1_list.entry, nr,
-		      sizeof(struct sha1_entry *), ino_compare);
-	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
-		struct sha1_entry *entry = sha1_list.entry[i];
-		unsigned char *sha1 = entry->sha1;
-
-		sha1_list.entry[i] = NULL;
-		if (fsck_sha1(sha1))
-			errors_found |= ERROR_OBJECT;
-		free(entry);
-	}
-	sha1_list.nr = 0;
-}
-
-static void add_sha1_list(unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long ino)
-{
-	struct sha1_entry *entry = xmalloc(sizeof(*entry));
-	int nr;
-
-	entry->ino = ino;
-	hashcpy(entry->sha1, sha1);
-	nr = sha1_list.nr;
-	if (nr == MAX_SHA1_ENTRIES) {
-		fsck_sha1_list();
-		nr = 0;
-	}
-	sha1_list.entry[nr] = entry;
-	sha1_list.nr = ++nr;
+	obj->flags &= ~(REACHABLE | SEEN);
+	obj->flags |= HAS_OBJ;
+	return fsck_obj(obj, buffer, size);
 }
 
-static inline int is_loose_object_file(struct dirent *de,
-				       char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	if (strlen(de->d_name) != 38)
-		return 0;
-	memcpy(name + 2, de->d_name, 39);
-	return !get_sha1_hex(name, sha1);
-}
+static int default_refs;
 
-static void fsck_dir(int i, char *path)
+static void fsck_handle_reflog_oid(const char *refname, struct object_id *oid,
+	timestamp_t timestamp)
 {
-	DIR *dir = opendir(path);
-	struct dirent *de;
-	char name[100];
-
-	if (!dir)
-		return;
-
-	if (verbose)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Checking directory %s\n", path);
-
-	sprintf(name, "%02x", i);
-	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object *obj;
 
-		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name))
-			continue;
-		if (is_loose_object_file(de, name, sha1)) {
-			add_sha1_list(sha1, DIRENT_SORT_HINT(de));
-			continue;
+	if (!is_null_oid(oid)) {
+		obj = lookup_object(the_repository, oid->hash);
+		if (obj && (obj->flags & HAS_OBJ)) {
+			if (timestamp && name_objects)
+				add_decoration(fsck_walk_options.object_names,
+					obj,
+					xstrfmt("%s@{%"PRItime"}", refname, timestamp));
+			obj->flags |= USED;
+			mark_object_reachable(obj);
+		} else if (!is_promisor_object(oid)) {
+			error("%s: invalid reflog entry %s", refname, oid_to_hex(oid));
+			errors_found |= ERROR_REACHABLE;
 		}
-		if (starts_with(de->d_name, "tmp_obj_"))
-			continue;
-		fprintf(stderr, "bad sha1 file: %s/%s\n", path, de->d_name);
 	}
-	closedir(dir);
 }
 
-static int default_refs;
-
-static int fsck_handle_reflog_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
-		const char *email, unsigned long timestamp, int tz,
+static int fsck_handle_reflog_ent(struct object_id *ooid, struct object_id *noid,
+		const char *email, timestamp_t timestamp, int tz,
 		const char *message, void *cb_data)
 {
-	struct object *obj;
+	const char *refname = cb_data;
 
 	if (verbose)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Checking reflog %s->%s\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(osha1), sha1_to_hex(nsha1));
+			oid_to_hex(ooid), oid_to_hex(noid));
 
-	if (!is_null_sha1(osha1)) {
-		obj = lookup_object(osha1);
-		if (obj) {
-			obj->used = 1;
-			mark_object_reachable(obj);
-		}
-	}
-	obj = lookup_object(nsha1);
-	if (obj) {
-		obj->used = 1;
-		mark_object_reachable(obj);
-	}
+	fsck_handle_reflog_oid(refname, ooid, 0);
+	fsck_handle_reflog_oid(refname, noid, timestamp);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int fsck_handle_reflog(const char *logname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int fsck_handle_reflog(const char *logname, const struct object_id *oid,
+			      int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
-	for_each_reflog_ent(logname, fsck_handle_reflog_ent, NULL);
+	for_each_reflog_ent(logname, fsck_handle_reflog_ent, (void *)logname);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int fsck_handle_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int fsck_handle_ref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+			   int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct object *obj;
 
-	obj = parse_object(sha1);
+	obj = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
 	if (!obj) {
-		error("%s: invalid sha1 pointer %s", refname, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		if (is_promisor_object(oid)) {
+			/*
+			 * Increment default_refs anyway, because this is a
+			 * valid ref.
+			 */
+			 default_refs++;
+			 return 0;
+		}
+		error("%s: invalid sha1 pointer %s", refname, oid_to_hex(oid));
 		errors_found |= ERROR_REACHABLE;
 		/* We'll continue with the rest despite the error.. */
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if (obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT && is_branch(refname))
+	if (obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT && is_branch(refname)) {
 		error("%s: not a commit", refname);
+		errors_found |= ERROR_REFS;
+	}
 	default_refs++;
-	obj->used = 1;
+	obj->flags |= USED;
+	if (name_objects)
+		add_decoration(fsck_walk_options.object_names,
+			obj, xstrdup(refname));
 	mark_object_reachable(obj);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -504,8 +486,8 @@ static int fsck_handle_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int f
 
 static void get_default_heads(void)
 {
-	if (head_points_at && !is_null_sha1(head_sha1))
-		fsck_handle_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, NULL);
+	if (head_points_at && !is_null_oid(&head_oid))
+		fsck_handle_ref("HEAD", &head_oid, 0, NULL);
 	for_each_rawref(fsck_handle_ref, NULL);
 	if (include_reflogs)
 		for_each_reflog(fsck_handle_reflog, NULL);
@@ -528,9 +510,61 @@ static void get_default_heads(void)
 	}
 }
 
+static int fsck_loose(const struct object_id *oid, const char *path, void *data)
+{
+	struct object *obj;
+	enum object_type type;
+	unsigned long size;
+	void *contents;
+	int eaten;
+
+	if (read_loose_object(path, oid, &type, &size, &contents) < 0) {
+		errors_found |= ERROR_OBJECT;
+		error("%s: object corrupt or missing: %s",
+		      oid_to_hex(oid), path);
+		return 0; /* keep checking other objects */
+	}
+
+	if (!contents && type != OBJ_BLOB)
+		BUG("read_loose_object streamed a non-blob");
+
+	obj = parse_object_buffer(the_repository, oid, type, size,
+				  contents, &eaten);
+
+	if (!obj) {
+		errors_found |= ERROR_OBJECT;
+		error("%s: object could not be parsed: %s",
+		      oid_to_hex(oid), path);
+		if (!eaten)
+			free(contents);
+		return 0; /* keep checking other objects */
+	}
+
+	obj->flags &= ~(REACHABLE | SEEN);
+	obj->flags |= HAS_OBJ;
+	if (fsck_obj(obj, contents, size))
+		errors_found |= ERROR_OBJECT;
+
+	if (!eaten)
+		free(contents);
+	return 0; /* keep checking other objects, even if we saw an error */
+}
+
+static int fsck_cruft(const char *basename, const char *path, void *data)
+{
+	if (!starts_with(basename, "tmp_obj_"))
+		fprintf(stderr, "bad sha1 file: %s\n", path);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int fsck_subdir(unsigned int nr, const char *path, void *progress)
+{
+	display_progress(progress, nr + 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void fsck_object_dir(const char *path)
 {
-	int i;
 	struct progress *progress = NULL;
 
 	if (verbose)
@@ -538,36 +572,38 @@ static void fsck_object_dir(const char *path)
 
 	if (show_progress)
 		progress = start_progress(_("Checking object directories"), 256);
-	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
-		static char dir[4096];
-		sprintf(dir, "%s/%02x", path, i);
-		fsck_dir(i, dir);
-		display_progress(progress, i+1);
-	}
+
+	for_each_loose_file_in_objdir(path, fsck_loose, fsck_cruft, fsck_subdir,
+				      progress);
+	display_progress(progress, 256);
 	stop_progress(&progress);
-	fsck_sha1_list();
 }
 
 static int fsck_head_link(void)
 {
-	int flag;
 	int null_is_error = 0;
 
 	if (verbose)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Checking HEAD link\n");
 
-	head_points_at = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", 0, head_sha1, &flag);
-	if (!head_points_at)
+	head_points_at = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", 0, &head_oid, NULL);
+	if (!head_points_at) {
+		errors_found |= ERROR_REFS;
 		return error("Invalid HEAD");
+	}
 	if (!strcmp(head_points_at, "HEAD"))
 		/* detached HEAD */
 		null_is_error = 1;
-	else if (!starts_with(head_points_at, "refs/heads/"))
+	else if (!starts_with(head_points_at, "refs/heads/")) {
+		errors_found |= ERROR_REFS;
 		return error("HEAD points to something strange (%s)",
 			     head_points_at);
-	if (is_null_sha1(head_sha1)) {
-		if (null_is_error)
+	}
+	if (is_null_oid(&head_oid)) {
+		if (null_is_error) {
+			errors_found |= ERROR_REFS;
 			return error("HEAD: detached HEAD points at nothing");
+		}
 		fprintf(stderr, "notice: HEAD points to an unborn branch (%s)\n",
 			head_points_at + 11);
 	}
@@ -583,13 +619,17 @@ static int fsck_cache_tree(struct cache_tree *it)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Checking cache tree\n");
 
 	if (0 <= it->entry_count) {
-		struct object *obj = parse_object(it->sha1);
+		struct object *obj = parse_object(the_repository, &it->oid);
 		if (!obj) {
 			error("%s: invalid sha1 pointer in cache-tree",
-			      sha1_to_hex(it->sha1));
+			      oid_to_hex(&it->oid));
+			errors_found |= ERROR_REFS;
 			return 1;
 		}
-		obj->used = 1;
+		obj->flags |= USED;
+		if (name_objects)
+			add_decoration(fsck_walk_options.object_names,
+				obj, xstrdup(":"));
 		mark_object_reachable(obj);
 		if (obj->type != OBJ_TREE)
 			err |= objerror(obj, "non-tree in cache-tree");
@@ -599,6 +639,29 @@ static int fsck_cache_tree(struct cache_tree *it)
 	return err;
 }
 
+static void mark_object_for_connectivity(const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	struct object *obj = lookup_unknown_object(oid->hash);
+	obj->flags |= HAS_OBJ;
+}
+
+static int mark_loose_for_connectivity(const struct object_id *oid,
+				       const char *path,
+				       void *data)
+{
+	mark_object_for_connectivity(oid);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int mark_packed_for_connectivity(const struct object_id *oid,
+					struct packed_git *pack,
+					uint32_t pos,
+					void *data)
+{
+	mark_object_for_connectivity(oid);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static char const * const fsck_usage[] = {
 	N_("git fsck [<options>] [<object>...]"),
 	NULL
@@ -613,23 +676,34 @@ static struct option fsck_opts[] = {
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "cache", &keep_cache_objects, N_("make index objects head nodes")),
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "reflogs", &include_reflogs, N_("make reflogs head nodes (default)")),
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "full", &check_full, N_("also consider packs and alternate objects")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "connectivity-only", &connectivity_only, N_("check only connectivity")),
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "strict", &check_strict, N_("enable more strict checking")),
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "lost-found", &write_lost_and_found,
 				N_("write dangling objects in .git/lost-found")),
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &show_progress, N_("show progress")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "name-objects", &name_objects, N_("show verbose names for reachable objects")),
 	OPT_END(),
 };
 
 int cmd_fsck(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i, heads;
+	int i;
 	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
 
+	/* fsck knows how to handle missing promisor objects */
+	fetch_if_missing = 0;
+
 	errors_found = 0;
-	check_replace_refs = 0;
+	read_replace_refs = 0;
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, fsck_opts, fsck_usage, 0);
 
+	fsck_walk_options.walk = mark_object;
+	fsck_obj_options.walk = mark_used;
+	fsck_obj_options.error_func = fsck_error_func;
+	if (check_strict)
+		fsck_obj_options.strict = 1;
+
 	if (show_progress == -1)
 		show_progress = isatty(2);
 	if (verbose)
@@ -640,61 +714,80 @@ int cmd_fsck(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		include_reflogs = 0;
 	}
 
-	fsck_head_link();
-	fsck_object_dir(get_object_directory());
-
-	prepare_alt_odb();
-	for (alt = alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
-		char namebuf[PATH_MAX];
-		int namelen = alt->name - alt->base;
-		memcpy(namebuf, alt->base, namelen);
-		namebuf[namelen - 1] = 0;
-		fsck_object_dir(namebuf);
-	}
-
-	if (check_full) {
-		struct packed_git *p;
-		uint32_t total = 0, count = 0;
-		struct progress *progress = NULL;
+	if (name_objects)
+		fsck_walk_options.object_names =
+			xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct decoration));
 
-		prepare_packed_git();
+	git_config(fsck_config, NULL);
 
-		if (show_progress) {
-			for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-				if (open_pack_index(p))
-					continue;
-				total += p->num_objects;
+	fsck_head_link();
+	if (connectivity_only) {
+		for_each_loose_object(mark_loose_for_connectivity, NULL, 0);
+		for_each_packed_object(mark_packed_for_connectivity, NULL, 0);
+	} else {
+		struct alternate_object_database *alt_odb_list;
+
+		fsck_object_dir(get_object_directory());
+
+		prepare_alt_odb(the_repository);
+		alt_odb_list = the_repository->objects->alt_odb_list;
+		for (alt = alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next)
+			fsck_object_dir(alt->path);
+
+		if (check_full) {
+			struct packed_git *p;
+			uint32_t total = 0, count = 0;
+			struct progress *progress = NULL;
+
+			if (show_progress) {
+				for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p;
+				     p = p->next) {
+					if (open_pack_index(p))
+						continue;
+					total += p->num_objects;
+				}
+
+				progress = start_progress(_("Checking objects"), total);
 			}
-
-			progress = start_progress(_("Checking objects"), total);
-		}
-		for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-			/* verify gives error messages itself */
-			if (verify_pack(p, fsck_obj_buffer,
-					progress, count))
-				errors_found |= ERROR_PACK;
-			count += p->num_objects;
+			for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p;
+			     p = p->next) {
+				/* verify gives error messages itself */
+				if (verify_pack(p, fsck_obj_buffer,
+						progress, count))
+					errors_found |= ERROR_PACK;
+				count += p->num_objects;
+			}
+			stop_progress(&progress);
 		}
-		stop_progress(&progress);
+
+		if (fsck_finish(&fsck_obj_options))
+			errors_found |= ERROR_OBJECT;
 	}
 
-	heads = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		if (!get_sha1(arg, sha1)) {
-			struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
+		struct object_id oid;
+		if (!get_oid(arg, &oid)) {
+			struct object *obj = lookup_object(the_repository,
+							   oid.hash);
 
-			/* Error is printed by lookup_object(). */
-			if (!obj)
+			if (!obj || !(obj->flags & HAS_OBJ)) {
+				if (is_promisor_object(&oid))
+					continue;
+				error("%s: object missing", oid_to_hex(&oid));
+				errors_found |= ERROR_OBJECT;
 				continue;
+			}
 
-			obj->used = 1;
+			obj->flags |= USED;
+			if (name_objects)
+				add_decoration(fsck_walk_options.object_names,
+					obj, xstrdup(arg));
 			mark_object_reachable(obj);
-			heads++;
 			continue;
 		}
 		error("invalid parameter: expected sha1, got '%s'", arg);
+		errors_found |= ERROR_OBJECT;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -702,12 +795,14 @@ int cmd_fsck(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * default ones from .git/refs. We also consider the index file
 	 * in this case (ie this implies --cache).
 	 */
-	if (!heads) {
+	if (!argc) {
 		get_default_heads();
 		keep_cache_objects = 1;
 	}
 
 	if (keep_cache_objects) {
+		verify_index_checksum = 1;
+		verify_ce_order = 1;
 		read_cache();
 		for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
 			unsigned int mode;
@@ -717,11 +812,16 @@ int cmd_fsck(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			mode = active_cache[i]->ce_mode;
 			if (S_ISGITLINK(mode))
 				continue;
-			blob = lookup_blob(active_cache[i]->sha1);
+			blob = lookup_blob(the_repository,
+					   &active_cache[i]->oid);
 			if (!blob)
 				continue;
 			obj = &blob->object;
-			obj->used = 1;
+			obj->flags |= USED;
+			if (name_objects)
+				add_decoration(fsck_walk_options.object_names,
+					obj,
+					xstrfmt(":%s", active_cache[i]->name));
 			mark_object_reachable(obj);
 		}
 		if (active_cache_tree)
@@ -729,5 +829,24 @@ int cmd_fsck(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	check_connectivity();
+
+	if (!git_config_get_bool("core.commitgraph", &i) && i) {
+		struct child_process commit_graph_verify = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+		const char *verify_argv[] = { "commit-graph", "verify", NULL, NULL, NULL };
+
+		commit_graph_verify.argv = verify_argv;
+		commit_graph_verify.git_cmd = 1;
+		if (run_command(&commit_graph_verify))
+			errors_found |= ERROR_COMMIT_GRAPH;
+
+		prepare_alt_odb(the_repository);
+		for (alt =  the_repository->objects->alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
+			verify_argv[2] = "--object-dir";
+			verify_argv[3] = alt->path;
+			if (run_command(&commit_graph_verify))
+				errors_found |= ERROR_COMMIT_GRAPH;
+		}
+	}
+
 	return errors_found;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/gc.c b/builtin/gc.c
index 5c634afc00..57069442b0 100644
--- a/builtin/gc.c
+++ b/builtin/gc.c
@@ -11,12 +11,22 @@
  */
 
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "tempfile.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
 #include "commit.h"
+#include "commit-graph.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "pack.h"
+#include "pack-objects.h"
+#include "blob.h"
+#include "tree.h"
 
 #define FAILED_RUN "failed to run %s"
 
@@ -27,30 +37,81 @@ static const char * const builtin_gc_usage[] = {
 
 static int pack_refs = 1;
 static int prune_reflogs = 1;
-static int aggressive_depth = 250;
+static int aggressive_depth = 50;
 static int aggressive_window = 250;
 static int gc_auto_threshold = 6700;
 static int gc_auto_pack_limit = 50;
+static int gc_write_commit_graph;
 static int detach_auto = 1;
+static timestamp_t gc_log_expire_time;
+static const char *gc_log_expire = "1.day.ago";
 static const char *prune_expire = "2.weeks.ago";
+static const char *prune_worktrees_expire = "3.months.ago";
+static unsigned long big_pack_threshold;
+static unsigned long max_delta_cache_size = DEFAULT_DELTA_CACHE_SIZE;
 
 static struct argv_array pack_refs_cmd = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 static struct argv_array reflog = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 static struct argv_array repack = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 static struct argv_array prune = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+static struct argv_array prune_worktrees = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 static struct argv_array rerere = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 
-static char *pidfile;
+static struct tempfile *pidfile;
+static struct lock_file log_lock;
 
-static void remove_pidfile(void)
+static struct string_list pack_garbage = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+
+static void clean_pack_garbage(void)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < pack_garbage.nr; i++)
+		unlink_or_warn(pack_garbage.items[i].string);
+	string_list_clear(&pack_garbage, 0);
+}
+
+static void report_pack_garbage(unsigned seen_bits, const char *path)
+{
+	if (seen_bits == PACKDIR_FILE_IDX)
+		string_list_append(&pack_garbage, path);
+}
+
+static void process_log_file(void)
 {
-	if (pidfile)
-		unlink(pidfile);
+	struct stat st;
+	if (fstat(get_lock_file_fd(&log_lock), &st)) {
+		/*
+		 * Perhaps there was an i/o error or another
+		 * unlikely situation.  Try to make a note of
+		 * this in gc.log along with any existing
+		 * messages.
+		 */
+		int saved_errno = errno;
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Failed to fstat %s: %s"),
+			get_tempfile_path(log_lock.tempfile),
+			strerror(saved_errno));
+		fflush(stderr);
+		commit_lock_file(&log_lock);
+		errno = saved_errno;
+	} else if (st.st_size) {
+		/* There was some error recorded in the lock file */
+		commit_lock_file(&log_lock);
+	} else {
+		/* No error, clean up any old gc.log */
+		unlink(git_path("gc.log"));
+		rollback_lock_file(&log_lock);
+	}
 }
 
-static void remove_pidfile_on_signal(int signo)
+static void process_log_file_at_exit(void)
 {
-	remove_pidfile();
+	fflush(stderr);
+	process_log_file();
+}
+
+static void process_log_file_on_signal(int signo)
+{
+	process_log_file();
 	sigchain_pop(signo);
 	raise(signo);
 }
@@ -70,17 +131,15 @@ static void gc_config(void)
 	git_config_get_int("gc.aggressivedepth", &aggressive_depth);
 	git_config_get_int("gc.auto", &gc_auto_threshold);
 	git_config_get_int("gc.autopacklimit", &gc_auto_pack_limit);
+	git_config_get_bool("gc.writecommitgraph", &gc_write_commit_graph);
 	git_config_get_bool("gc.autodetach", &detach_auto);
+	git_config_get_expiry("gc.pruneexpire", &prune_expire);
+	git_config_get_expiry("gc.worktreepruneexpire", &prune_worktrees_expire);
+	git_config_get_expiry("gc.logexpiry", &gc_log_expire);
+
+	git_config_get_ulong("gc.bigpackthreshold", &big_pack_threshold);
+	git_config_get_ulong("pack.deltacachesize", &max_delta_cache_size);
 
-	if (!git_config_get_string_const("gc.pruneexpire", &prune_expire)) {
-		if (strcmp(prune_expire, "now")) {
-			unsigned long now = approxidate("now");
-			if (approxidate(prune_expire) >= now) {
-				git_die_config("gc.pruneexpire", _("Invalid gc.pruneexpire: '%s'"),
-						prune_expire);
-			}
-		}
-	}
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 }
 
@@ -92,8 +151,6 @@ static int too_many_loose_objects(void)
 	 * distributed, we can check only one and get a reasonable
 	 * estimate.
 	 */
-	char path[PATH_MAX];
-	const char *objdir = get_object_directory();
 	DIR *dir;
 	struct dirent *ent;
 	int auto_threshold;
@@ -103,15 +160,11 @@ static int too_many_loose_objects(void)
 	if (gc_auto_threshold <= 0)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (sizeof(path) <= snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/17", objdir)) {
-		warning(_("insanely long object directory %.*s"), 50, objdir);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	dir = opendir(path);
+	dir = opendir(git_path("objects/17"));
 	if (!dir)
 		return 0;
 
-	auto_threshold = (gc_auto_threshold + 255) / 256;
+	auto_threshold = DIV_ROUND_UP(gc_auto_threshold, 256);
 	while ((ent = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
 		if (strspn(ent->d_name, "0123456789abcdef") != 38 ||
 		    ent->d_name[38] != '\0')
@@ -125,6 +178,28 @@ static int too_many_loose_objects(void)
 	return needed;
 }
 
+static struct packed_git *find_base_packs(struct string_list *packs,
+					  unsigned long limit)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p, *base = NULL;
+
+	for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p; p = p->next) {
+		if (!p->pack_local)
+			continue;
+		if (limit) {
+			if (p->pack_size >= limit)
+				string_list_append(packs, p->pack_name);
+		} else if (!base || base->pack_size < p->pack_size) {
+			base = p;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (base)
+		string_list_append(packs, base->pack_name);
+
+	return base;
+}
+
 static int too_many_packs(void)
 {
 	struct packed_git *p;
@@ -133,8 +208,7 @@ static int too_many_packs(void)
 	if (gc_auto_pack_limit <= 0)
 		return 0;
 
-	prepare_packed_git();
-	for (cnt = 0, p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+	for (cnt = 0, p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p; p = p->next) {
 		if (!p->pack_local)
 			continue;
 		if (p->pack_keep)
@@ -145,10 +219,89 @@ static int too_many_packs(void)
 		 */
 		cnt++;
 	}
-	return gc_auto_pack_limit <= cnt;
+	return gc_auto_pack_limit < cnt;
+}
+
+static uint64_t total_ram(void)
+{
+#if defined(HAVE_SYSINFO)
+	struct sysinfo si;
+
+	if (!sysinfo(&si))
+		return si.totalram;
+#elif defined(HAVE_BSD_SYSCTL) && (defined(HW_MEMSIZE) || defined(HW_PHYSMEM))
+	int64_t physical_memory;
+	int mib[2];
+	size_t length;
+
+	mib[0] = CTL_HW;
+# if defined(HW_MEMSIZE)
+	mib[1] = HW_MEMSIZE;
+# else
+	mib[1] = HW_PHYSMEM;
+# endif
+	length = sizeof(int64_t);
+	if (!sysctl(mib, 2, &physical_memory, &length, NULL, 0))
+		return physical_memory;
+#elif defined(GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE)
+	MEMORYSTATUSEX memInfo;
+
+	memInfo.dwLength = sizeof(MEMORYSTATUSEX);
+	if (GlobalMemoryStatusEx(&memInfo))
+		return memInfo.ullTotalPhys;
+#endif
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static void add_repack_all_option(void)
+static uint64_t estimate_repack_memory(struct packed_git *pack)
+{
+	unsigned long nr_objects = approximate_object_count();
+	size_t os_cache, heap;
+
+	if (!pack || !nr_objects)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * First we have to scan through at least one pack.
+	 * Assume enough room in OS file cache to keep the entire pack
+	 * or we may accidentally evict data of other processes from
+	 * the cache.
+	 */
+	os_cache = pack->pack_size + pack->index_size;
+	/* then pack-objects needs lots more for book keeping */
+	heap = sizeof(struct object_entry) * nr_objects;
+	/*
+	 * internal rev-list --all --objects takes up some memory too,
+	 * let's say half of it is for blobs
+	 */
+	heap += sizeof(struct blob) * nr_objects / 2;
+	/*
+	 * and the other half is for trees (commits and tags are
+	 * usually insignificant)
+	 */
+	heap += sizeof(struct tree) * nr_objects / 2;
+	/* and then obj_hash[], underestimated in fact */
+	heap += sizeof(struct object *) * nr_objects;
+	/* revindex is used also */
+	heap += sizeof(struct revindex_entry) * nr_objects;
+	/*
+	 * read_sha1_file() (either at delta calculation phase, or
+	 * writing phase) also fills up the delta base cache
+	 */
+	heap += delta_base_cache_limit;
+	/* and of course pack-objects has its own delta cache */
+	heap += max_delta_cache_size;
+
+	return os_cache + heap;
+}
+
+static int keep_one_pack(struct string_list_item *item, void *data)
+{
+	argv_array_pushf(&repack, "--keep-pack=%s", basename(item->string));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void add_repack_all_option(struct string_list *keep_pack)
 {
 	if (prune_expire && !strcmp(prune_expire, "now"))
 		argv_array_push(&repack, "-a");
@@ -157,6 +310,14 @@ static void add_repack_all_option(void)
 		if (prune_expire)
 			argv_array_pushf(&repack, "--unpack-unreachable=%s", prune_expire);
 	}
+
+	if (keep_pack)
+		for_each_string_list(keep_pack, keep_one_pack, NULL);
+}
+
+static void add_repack_incremental_option(void)
+{
+       argv_array_push(&repack, "--no-write-bitmap-index");
 }
 
 static int need_to_gc(void)
@@ -174,9 +335,37 @@ static int need_to_gc(void)
 	 * we run "repack -A -d -l".  Otherwise we tell the caller
 	 * there is no need.
 	 */
-	if (too_many_packs())
-		add_repack_all_option();
-	else if (!too_many_loose_objects())
+	if (too_many_packs()) {
+		struct string_list keep_pack = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+
+		if (big_pack_threshold) {
+			find_base_packs(&keep_pack, big_pack_threshold);
+			if (keep_pack.nr >= gc_auto_pack_limit) {
+				big_pack_threshold = 0;
+				string_list_clear(&keep_pack, 0);
+				find_base_packs(&keep_pack, 0);
+			}
+		} else {
+			struct packed_git *p = find_base_packs(&keep_pack, 0);
+			uint64_t mem_have, mem_want;
+
+			mem_have = total_ram();
+			mem_want = estimate_repack_memory(p);
+
+			/*
+			 * Only allow 1/2 of memory for pack-objects, leave
+			 * the rest for the OS and other processes in the
+			 * system.
+			 */
+			if (!mem_have || mem_want < mem_have / 2)
+				string_list_clear(&keep_pack, 0);
+		}
+
+		add_repack_all_option(&keep_pack);
+		string_list_clear(&keep_pack, 0);
+	} else if (too_many_loose_objects())
+		add_repack_incremental_option();
+	else
 		return 0;
 
 	if (run_hook_le(NULL, "pre-auto-gc", NULL))
@@ -187,27 +376,33 @@ static int need_to_gc(void)
 /* return NULL on success, else hostname running the gc */
 static const char *lock_repo_for_gc(int force, pid_t* ret_pid)
 {
-	static struct lock_file lock;
-	char my_host[128];
+	struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
+	char my_host[HOST_NAME_MAX + 1];
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct stat st;
 	uintmax_t pid;
 	FILE *fp;
 	int fd;
+	char *pidfile_path;
 
-	if (pidfile)
+	if (is_tempfile_active(pidfile))
 		/* already locked */
 		return NULL;
 
-	if (gethostname(my_host, sizeof(my_host)))
-		strcpy(my_host, "unknown");
+	if (xgethostname(my_host, sizeof(my_host)))
+		xsnprintf(my_host, sizeof(my_host), "unknown");
 
-	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, git_path("gc.pid"),
+	pidfile_path = git_pathdup("gc.pid");
+	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, pidfile_path,
 				       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 	if (!force) {
-		static char locking_host[128];
+		static char locking_host[HOST_NAME_MAX + 1];
+		static char *scan_fmt;
 		int should_exit;
-		fp = fopen(git_path("gc.pid"), "r");
+
+		if (!scan_fmt)
+			scan_fmt = xstrfmt("%s %%%ds", "%"SCNuMAX, HOST_NAME_MAX);
+		fp = fopen(pidfile_path, "r");
 		memset(locking_host, 0, sizeof(locking_host));
 		should_exit =
 			fp != NULL &&
@@ -222,7 +417,7 @@ static const char *lock_repo_for_gc(int force, pid_t* ret_pid)
 			 * running.
 			 */
 			time(NULL) - st.st_mtime <= 12 * 3600 &&
-			fscanf(fp, "%"PRIuMAX" %127c", &pid, locking_host) == 2 &&
+			fscanf(fp, scan_fmt, &pid, locking_host) == 2 &&
 			/* be gentle to concurrent "gc" on remote hosts */
 			(strcmp(locking_host, my_host) || !kill(pid, 0) || errno == EPERM);
 		if (fp != NULL)
@@ -231,6 +426,7 @@ static const char *lock_repo_for_gc(int force, pid_t* ret_pid)
 			if (fd >= 0)
 				rollback_lock_file(&lock);
 			*ret_pid = pid;
+			free(pidfile_path);
 			return locking_host;
 		}
 	}
@@ -240,12 +436,42 @@ static const char *lock_repo_for_gc(int force, pid_t* ret_pid)
 	write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len);
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 	commit_lock_file(&lock);
+	pidfile = register_tempfile(pidfile_path);
+	free(pidfile_path);
+	return NULL;
+}
 
-	pidfile = git_pathdup("gc.pid");
-	sigchain_push_common(remove_pidfile_on_signal);
-	atexit(remove_pidfile);
+static int report_last_gc_error(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct stat st;
+	char *gc_log_path = git_pathdup("gc.log");
 
-	return NULL;
+	if (stat(gc_log_path, &st)) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT)
+			goto done;
+
+		ret = error_errno(_("Can't stat %s"), gc_log_path);
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if (st.st_mtime < gc_log_expire_time)
+		goto done;
+
+	ret = strbuf_read_file(&sb, gc_log_path, 0);
+	if (ret > 0)
+		ret = error(_("The last gc run reported the following. "
+			       "Please correct the root cause\n"
+			       "and remove %s.\n"
+			       "Automatic cleanup will not be performed "
+			       "until the file is removed.\n\n"
+			       "%s"),
+			    gc_log_path, sb.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+done:
+	free(gc_log_path);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static int gc_before_repack(void)
@@ -269,6 +495,9 @@ int cmd_gc(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int force = 0;
 	const char *name;
 	pid_t pid;
+	int daemonized = 0;
+	int keep_base_pack = -1;
+	timestamp_t dummy;
 
 	struct option builtin_gc_options[] = {
 		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("suppress progress reporting")),
@@ -276,8 +505,13 @@ int cmd_gc(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			N_("prune unreferenced objects"),
 			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)prune_expire },
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "aggressive", &aggressive, N_("be more thorough (increased runtime)")),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "auto", &auto_gc, N_("enable auto-gc mode")),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "force", &force, N_("force running gc even if there may be another gc running")),
+		OPT_BOOL_F(0, "auto", &auto_gc, N_("enable auto-gc mode"),
+			   PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
+		OPT_BOOL_F(0, "force", &force,
+			   N_("force running gc even if there may be another gc running"),
+			   PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "keep-largest-pack", &keep_base_pack,
+			 N_("repack all other packs except the largest pack")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -287,10 +521,14 @@ int cmd_gc(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	argv_array_pushl(&pack_refs_cmd, "pack-refs", "--all", "--prune", NULL);
 	argv_array_pushl(&reflog, "reflog", "expire", "--all", NULL);
 	argv_array_pushl(&repack, "repack", "-d", "-l", NULL);
-	argv_array_pushl(&prune, "prune", "--expire", NULL );
+	argv_array_pushl(&prune, "prune", "--expire", NULL);
+	argv_array_pushl(&prune_worktrees, "worktree", "prune", "--expire", NULL);
 	argv_array_pushl(&rerere, "rerere", "gc", NULL);
 
+	/* default expiry time, overwritten in gc_config */
 	gc_config();
+	if (parse_expiry_date(gc_log_expire, &gc_log_expire_time))
+		die(_("failed to parse gc.logexpiry value %s"), gc_log_expire);
 
 	if (pack_refs < 0)
 		pack_refs = !is_bare_repository();
@@ -300,6 +538,9 @@ int cmd_gc(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (argc > 0)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_gc_usage, builtin_gc_options);
 
+	if (prune_expire && parse_expiry_date(prune_expire, &dummy))
+		die(_("failed to parse prune expiry value %s"), prune_expire);
+
 	if (aggressive) {
 		argv_array_push(&repack, "-f");
 		if (aggressive_depth > 0)
@@ -324,16 +565,34 @@ int cmd_gc(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			fprintf(stderr, _("See \"git help gc\" for manual housekeeping.\n"));
 		}
 		if (detach_auto) {
+			if (report_last_gc_error())
+				return -1;
+
+			if (lock_repo_for_gc(force, &pid))
+				return 0;
 			if (gc_before_repack())
 				return -1;
+			delete_tempfile(&pidfile);
+
 			/*
 			 * failure to daemonize is ok, we'll continue
 			 * in foreground
 			 */
-			daemonize();
+			daemonized = !daemonize();
+		}
+	} else {
+		struct string_list keep_pack = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+
+		if (keep_base_pack != -1) {
+			if (keep_base_pack)
+				find_base_packs(&keep_pack, 0);
+		} else if (big_pack_threshold) {
+			find_base_packs(&keep_pack, big_pack_threshold);
 		}
-	} else
-		add_repack_all_option();
+
+		add_repack_all_option(&keep_pack);
+		string_list_clear(&keep_pack, 0);
+	}
 
 	name = lock_repo_for_gc(force, &pid);
 	if (name) {
@@ -343,26 +602,58 @@ int cmd_gc(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		    name, (uintmax_t)pid);
 	}
 
+	if (daemonized) {
+		hold_lock_file_for_update(&log_lock,
+					  git_path("gc.log"),
+					  LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+		dup2(get_lock_file_fd(&log_lock), 2);
+		sigchain_push_common(process_log_file_on_signal);
+		atexit(process_log_file_at_exit);
+	}
+
 	if (gc_before_repack())
 		return -1;
 
-	if (run_command_v_opt(repack.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD))
-		return error(FAILED_RUN, repack.argv[0]);
+	if (!repository_format_precious_objects) {
+		close_all_packs(the_repository->objects);
+		if (run_command_v_opt(repack.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+			return error(FAILED_RUN, repack.argv[0]);
+
+		if (prune_expire) {
+			argv_array_push(&prune, prune_expire);
+			if (quiet)
+				argv_array_push(&prune, "--no-progress");
+			if (repository_format_partial_clone)
+				argv_array_push(&prune,
+						"--exclude-promisor-objects");
+			if (run_command_v_opt(prune.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+				return error(FAILED_RUN, prune.argv[0]);
+		}
+	}
 
-	if (prune_expire) {
-		argv_array_push(&prune, prune_expire);
-		if (quiet)
-			argv_array_push(&prune, "--no-progress");
-		if (run_command_v_opt(prune.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD))
-			return error(FAILED_RUN, prune.argv[0]);
+	if (prune_worktrees_expire) {
+		argv_array_push(&prune_worktrees, prune_worktrees_expire);
+		if (run_command_v_opt(prune_worktrees.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+			return error(FAILED_RUN, prune_worktrees.argv[0]);
 	}
 
 	if (run_command_v_opt(rerere.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD))
 		return error(FAILED_RUN, rerere.argv[0]);
 
+	report_garbage = report_pack_garbage;
+	reprepare_packed_git(the_repository);
+	if (pack_garbage.nr > 0)
+		clean_pack_garbage();
+
+	if (gc_write_commit_graph)
+		write_commit_graph_reachable(get_object_directory(), 0);
+
 	if (auto_gc && too_many_loose_objects())
 		warning(_("There are too many unreachable loose objects; "
 			"run 'git prune' to remove them."));
 
+	if (!daemonized)
+		unlink(git_path("gc.log"));
+
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/get-tar-commit-id.c b/builtin/get-tar-commit-id.c
index 6f4147ad02..2706fcfaf2 100644
--- a/builtin/get-tar-commit-id.c
+++ b/builtin/get-tar-commit-id.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 #include "quote.h"
 
 static const char builtin_get_tar_commit_id_usage[] =
-"git get-tar-commit-id < <tarfile>";
+"git get-tar-commit-id";
 
 /* ustar header + extended global header content */
 #define RECORDSIZE	(512)
@@ -26,15 +26,16 @@ int cmd_get_tar_commit_id(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		usage(builtin_get_tar_commit_id_usage);
 
 	n = read_in_full(0, buffer, HEADERSIZE);
-	if (n < HEADERSIZE)
-		die("git get-tar-commit-id: read error");
+	if (n < 0)
+		die_errno("git get-tar-commit-id: read error");
+	if (n != HEADERSIZE)
+		die_errno("git get-tar-commit-id: EOF before reading tar header");
 	if (header->typeflag[0] != 'g')
 		return 1;
 	if (!skip_prefix(content, "52 comment=", &comment))
 		return 1;
 
-	n = write_in_full(1, comment, 41);
-	if (n < 41)
+	if (write_in_full(1, comment, 41) < 0)
 		die_errno("git get-tar-commit-id: write error");
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/builtin/grep.c b/builtin/grep.c
index 335f25d0ad..601f801158 100644
--- a/builtin/grep.c
+++ b/builtin/grep.c
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2006 Junio C Hamano
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "commit.h"
@@ -18,17 +20,22 @@
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "pathspec.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 static char const * const grep_usage[] = {
 	N_("git grep [<options>] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
-static int use_threads = 1;
+static int recurse_submodules;
+
+#define GREP_NUM_THREADS_DEFAULT 8
+static int num_threads;
 
 #ifndef NO_PTHREADS
-#define THREADS 8
-static pthread_t threads[THREADS];
+static pthread_t *threads;
 
 /* We use one producer thread and THREADS consumer
  * threads. The producer adds struct work_items to 'todo' and the
@@ -63,14 +70,14 @@ static pthread_mutex_t grep_mutex;
 
 static inline void grep_lock(void)
 {
-	if (use_threads)
-		pthread_mutex_lock(&grep_mutex);
+	assert(num_threads);
+	pthread_mutex_lock(&grep_mutex);
 }
 
 static inline void grep_unlock(void)
 {
-	if (use_threads)
-		pthread_mutex_unlock(&grep_mutex);
+	assert(num_threads);
+	pthread_mutex_unlock(&grep_mutex);
 }
 
 /* Signalled when a new work_item is added to todo. */
@@ -86,8 +93,7 @@ static pthread_cond_t cond_result;
 
 static int skip_first_line;
 
-static void add_work(struct grep_opt *opt, enum grep_source_type type,
-		     const char *name, const char *path, const void *id)
+static void add_work(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct grep_source *gs)
 {
 	grep_lock();
 
@@ -95,7 +101,7 @@ static void add_work(struct grep_opt *opt, enum grep_source_type type,
 		pthread_cond_wait(&cond_write, &grep_mutex);
 	}
 
-	grep_source_init(&todo[todo_end].source, type, name, path, id);
+	todo[todo_end].source = *gs;
 	if (opt->binary != GREP_BINARY_TEXT)
 		grep_source_load_driver(&todo[todo_end].source);
 	todo[todo_end].done = 0;
@@ -206,11 +212,13 @@ static void start_threads(struct grep_opt *opt)
 		strbuf_init(&todo[i].out, 0);
 	}
 
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(threads); i++) {
+	threads = xcalloc(num_threads, sizeof(*threads));
+	for (i = 0; i < num_threads; i++) {
 		int err;
 		struct grep_opt *o = grep_opt_dup(opt);
 		o->output = strbuf_out;
-		o->debug = 0;
+		if (i)
+			o->debug = 0;
 		compile_grep_patterns(o);
 		err = pthread_create(&threads[i], NULL, run, o);
 
@@ -238,12 +246,14 @@ static int wait_all(void)
 	pthread_cond_broadcast(&cond_add);
 	grep_unlock();
 
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(threads); i++) {
+	for (i = 0; i < num_threads; i++) {
 		void *h;
 		pthread_join(threads[i], &h);
 		hit |= (int) (intptr_t) h;
 	}
 
+	free(threads);
+
 	pthread_mutex_destroy(&grep_mutex);
 	pthread_mutex_destroy(&grep_read_mutex);
 	pthread_mutex_destroy(&grep_attr_mutex);
@@ -267,24 +277,47 @@ static int grep_cmd_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	int st = grep_config(var, value, cb);
 	if (git_color_default_config(var, value, cb) < 0)
 		st = -1;
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "grep.threads")) {
+		num_threads = git_config_int(var, value);
+		if (num_threads < 0)
+			die(_("invalid number of threads specified (%d) for %s"),
+			    num_threads, var);
+#ifdef NO_PTHREADS
+		else if (num_threads && num_threads != 1) {
+			/*
+			 * TRANSLATORS: %s is the configuration
+			 * variable for tweaking threads, currently
+			 * grep.threads
+			 */
+			warning(_("no threads support, ignoring %s"), var);
+			num_threads = 0;
+		}
+#endif
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "submodule.recurse"))
+		recurse_submodules = git_config_bool(var, value);
+
 	return st;
 }
 
-static void *lock_and_read_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *size)
+static void *lock_and_read_oid_file(const struct object_id *oid, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *size)
 {
 	void *data;
 
 	grep_read_lock();
-	data = read_sha1_file(sha1, type, size);
+	data = read_object_file(oid, type, size);
 	grep_read_unlock();
 	return data;
 }
 
-static int grep_sha1(struct grep_opt *opt, const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int grep_oid(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct object_id *oid,
 		     const char *filename, int tree_name_len,
 		     const char *path)
 {
 	struct strbuf pathbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct grep_source gs;
 
 	if (opt->relative && opt->prefix_length) {
 		quote_path_relative(filename + tree_name_len, opt->prefix, &pathbuf);
@@ -293,19 +326,22 @@ static int grep_sha1(struct grep_opt *opt, const unsigned char *sha1,
 		strbuf_addstr(&pathbuf, filename);
 	}
 
+	grep_source_init(&gs, GREP_SOURCE_OID, pathbuf.buf, path, oid);
+	strbuf_release(&pathbuf);
+
 #ifndef NO_PTHREADS
-	if (use_threads) {
-		add_work(opt, GREP_SOURCE_SHA1, pathbuf.buf, path, sha1);
-		strbuf_release(&pathbuf);
+	if (num_threads) {
+		/*
+		 * add_work() copies gs and thus assumes ownership of
+		 * its fields, so do not call grep_source_clear()
+		 */
+		add_work(opt, &gs);
 		return 0;
 	} else
 #endif
 	{
-		struct grep_source gs;
 		int hit;
 
-		grep_source_init(&gs, GREP_SOURCE_SHA1, pathbuf.buf, path, sha1);
-		strbuf_release(&pathbuf);
 		hit = grep_source(opt, &gs);
 
 		grep_source_clear(&gs);
@@ -316,25 +352,29 @@ static int grep_sha1(struct grep_opt *opt, const unsigned char *sha1,
 static int grep_file(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *filename)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct grep_source gs;
 
 	if (opt->relative && opt->prefix_length)
 		quote_path_relative(filename, opt->prefix, &buf);
 	else
 		strbuf_addstr(&buf, filename);
 
+	grep_source_init(&gs, GREP_SOURCE_FILE, buf.buf, filename, filename);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
 #ifndef NO_PTHREADS
-	if (use_threads) {
-		add_work(opt, GREP_SOURCE_FILE, buf.buf, filename, filename);
-		strbuf_release(&buf);
+	if (num_threads) {
+		/*
+		 * add_work() copies gs and thus assumes ownership of
+		 * its fields, so do not call grep_source_clear()
+		 */
+		add_work(opt, &gs);
 		return 0;
 	} else
 #endif
 	{
-		struct grep_source gs;
 		int hit;
 
-		grep_source_init(&gs, GREP_SOURCE_FILE, buf.buf, filename, filename);
-		strbuf_release(&buf);
 		hit = grep_source(opt, &gs);
 
 		grep_source_clear(&gs);
@@ -354,70 +394,172 @@ static void append_path(struct grep_opt *opt, const void *data, size_t len)
 static void run_pager(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct string_list *path_list = opt->output_priv;
-	const char **argv = xmalloc(sizeof(const char *) * (path_list->nr + 1));
+	struct child_process child = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 	int i, status;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < path_list->nr; i++)
-		argv[i] = path_list->items[i].string;
-	argv[path_list->nr] = NULL;
+		argv_array_push(&child.args, path_list->items[i].string);
+	child.dir = prefix;
+	child.use_shell = 1;
 
-	status = run_command_v_opt_cd_env(argv, RUN_USING_SHELL, prefix, NULL);
+	status = run_command(&child);
 	if (status)
 		exit(status);
-	free(argv);
 }
 
-static int grep_cache(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct pathspec *pathspec, int cached)
+static int grep_cache(struct grep_opt *opt, struct repository *repo,
+		      const struct pathspec *pathspec, int cached);
+static int grep_tree(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct pathspec *pathspec,
+		     struct tree_desc *tree, struct strbuf *base, int tn_len,
+		     int check_attr, struct repository *repo);
+
+static int grep_submodule(struct grep_opt *opt, struct repository *superproject,
+			  const struct pathspec *pathspec,
+			  const struct object_id *oid,
+			  const char *filename, const char *path)
+{
+	struct repository submodule;
+	int hit;
+
+	if (!is_submodule_active(superproject, path))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (repo_submodule_init(&submodule, superproject, path))
+		return 0;
+
+	repo_read_gitmodules(&submodule);
+
+	/*
+	 * NEEDSWORK: This adds the submodule's object directory to the list of
+	 * alternates for the single in-memory object store.  This has some bad
+	 * consequences for memory (processed objects will never be freed) and
+	 * performance (this increases the number of pack files git has to pay
+	 * attention to, to the sum of the number of pack files in all the
+	 * repositories processed so far).  This can be removed once the object
+	 * store is no longer global and instead is a member of the repository
+	 * object.
+	 */
+	grep_read_lock();
+	add_to_alternates_memory(submodule.objects->objectdir);
+	grep_read_unlock();
+
+	if (oid) {
+		struct object *object;
+		struct tree_desc tree;
+		void *data;
+		unsigned long size;
+		struct strbuf base = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		object = parse_object_or_die(oid, oid_to_hex(oid));
+
+		grep_read_lock();
+		data = read_object_with_reference(&object->oid, tree_type,
+						  &size, NULL);
+		grep_read_unlock();
+
+		if (!data)
+			die(_("unable to read tree (%s)"), oid_to_hex(&object->oid));
+
+		strbuf_addstr(&base, filename);
+		strbuf_addch(&base, '/');
+
+		init_tree_desc(&tree, data, size);
+		hit = grep_tree(opt, pathspec, &tree, &base, base.len,
+				object->type == OBJ_COMMIT, &submodule);
+		strbuf_release(&base);
+		free(data);
+	} else {
+		hit = grep_cache(opt, &submodule, pathspec, 1);
+	}
+
+	repo_clear(&submodule);
+	return hit;
+}
+
+static int grep_cache(struct grep_opt *opt, struct repository *repo,
+		      const struct pathspec *pathspec, int cached)
 {
 	int hit = 0;
 	int nr;
-	read_cache();
+	struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int name_base_len = 0;
+	if (repo->submodule_prefix) {
+		name_base_len = strlen(repo->submodule_prefix);
+		strbuf_addstr(&name, repo->submodule_prefix);
+	}
 
-	for (nr = 0; nr < active_nr; nr++) {
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[nr];
-		if (!S_ISREG(ce->ce_mode))
-			continue;
-		if (!ce_path_match(ce, pathspec, NULL))
+	if (repo_read_index(repo) < 0)
+		die(_("index file corrupt"));
+
+	for (nr = 0; nr < repo->index->cache_nr; nr++) {
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = repo->index->cache[nr];
+		strbuf_setlen(&name, name_base_len);
+		strbuf_addstr(&name, ce->name);
+
+		if (S_ISREG(ce->ce_mode) &&
+		    match_pathspec(repo->index, pathspec, name.buf, name.len, 0, NULL,
+				   S_ISDIR(ce->ce_mode) ||
+				   S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))) {
+			/*
+			 * If CE_VALID is on, we assume worktree file and its
+			 * cache entry are identical, even if worktree file has
+			 * been modified, so use cache version instead
+			 */
+			if (cached || (ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID) ||
+			    ce_skip_worktree(ce)) {
+				if (ce_stage(ce) || ce_intent_to_add(ce))
+					continue;
+				hit |= grep_oid(opt, &ce->oid, name.buf,
+						 0, name.buf);
+			} else {
+				hit |= grep_file(opt, name.buf);
+			}
+		} else if (recurse_submodules && S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) &&
+			   submodule_path_match(repo->index, pathspec, name.buf, NULL)) {
+			hit |= grep_submodule(opt, repo, pathspec, NULL, ce->name, ce->name);
+		} else {
 			continue;
-		/*
-		 * If CE_VALID is on, we assume worktree file and its cache entry
-		 * are identical, even if worktree file has been modified, so use
-		 * cache version instead
-		 */
-		if (cached || (ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID) || ce_skip_worktree(ce)) {
-			if (ce_stage(ce))
-				continue;
-			hit |= grep_sha1(opt, ce->sha1, ce->name, 0, ce->name);
 		}
-		else
-			hit |= grep_file(opt, ce->name);
+
 		if (ce_stage(ce)) {
 			do {
 				nr++;
-			} while (nr < active_nr &&
-				 !strcmp(ce->name, active_cache[nr]->name));
+			} while (nr < repo->index->cache_nr &&
+				 !strcmp(ce->name, repo->index->cache[nr]->name));
 			nr--; /* compensate for loop control */
 		}
 		if (hit && opt->status_only)
 			break;
 	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&name);
 	return hit;
 }
 
 static int grep_tree(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 		     struct tree_desc *tree, struct strbuf *base, int tn_len,
-		     int check_attr)
+		     int check_attr, struct repository *repo)
 {
 	int hit = 0;
 	enum interesting match = entry_not_interesting;
 	struct name_entry entry;
 	int old_baselen = base->len;
+	struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int name_base_len = 0;
+	if (repo->submodule_prefix) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&name, repo->submodule_prefix);
+		name_base_len = name.len;
+	}
 
 	while (tree_entry(tree, &entry)) {
 		int te_len = tree_entry_len(&entry);
 
 		if (match != all_entries_interesting) {
-			match = tree_entry_interesting(&entry, base, tn_len, pathspec);
+			strbuf_addstr(&name, base->buf + tn_len);
+			match = tree_entry_interesting(&entry, &name,
+						       0, pathspec);
+			strbuf_setlen(&name, name_base_len);
+
 			if (match == all_entries_not_interesting)
 				break;
 			if (match == entry_not_interesting)
@@ -427,31 +569,36 @@ static int grep_tree(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 		strbuf_add(base, entry.path, te_len);
 
 		if (S_ISREG(entry.mode)) {
-			hit |= grep_sha1(opt, entry.sha1, base->buf, tn_len,
+			hit |= grep_oid(opt, entry.oid, base->buf, tn_len,
 					 check_attr ? base->buf + tn_len : NULL);
-		}
-		else if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode)) {
+		} else if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode)) {
 			enum object_type type;
 			struct tree_desc sub;
 			void *data;
 			unsigned long size;
 
-			data = lock_and_read_sha1_file(entry.sha1, &type, &size);
+			data = lock_and_read_oid_file(entry.oid, &type, &size);
 			if (!data)
 				die(_("unable to read tree (%s)"),
-				    sha1_to_hex(entry.sha1));
+				    oid_to_hex(entry.oid));
 
 			strbuf_addch(base, '/');
 			init_tree_desc(&sub, data, size);
 			hit |= grep_tree(opt, pathspec, &sub, base, tn_len,
-					 check_attr);
+					 check_attr, repo);
 			free(data);
+		} else if (recurse_submodules && S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode)) {
+			hit |= grep_submodule(opt, repo, pathspec, entry.oid,
+					      base->buf, base->buf + tn_len);
 		}
+
 		strbuf_setlen(base, old_baselen);
 
 		if (hit && opt->status_only)
 			break;
 	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&name);
 	return hit;
 }
 
@@ -459,7 +606,7 @@ static int grep_object(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 		       struct object *obj, const char *name, const char *path)
 {
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB)
-		return grep_sha1(opt, obj->sha1, name, 0, path);
+		return grep_oid(opt, &obj->oid, name, 0, path);
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT || obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
 		struct tree_desc tree;
 		void *data;
@@ -468,12 +615,12 @@ static int grep_object(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 		int hit, len;
 
 		grep_read_lock();
-		data = read_object_with_reference(obj->sha1, tree_type,
+		data = read_object_with_reference(&obj->oid, tree_type,
 						  &size, NULL);
 		grep_read_unlock();
 
 		if (!data)
-			die(_("unable to read tree (%s)"), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+			die(_("unable to read tree (%s)"), oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
 
 		len = name ? strlen(name) : 0;
 		strbuf_init(&base, PATH_MAX + len + 1);
@@ -483,12 +630,12 @@ static int grep_object(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 		}
 		init_tree_desc(&tree, data, size);
 		hit = grep_tree(opt, pathspec, &tree, &base, base.len,
-				obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT);
+				obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT, the_repository);
 		strbuf_release(&base);
 		free(data);
 		return hit;
 	}
-	die(_("unable to grep from object of type %s"), typename(obj->type));
+	die(_("unable to grep from object of type %s"), type_name(obj->type));
 }
 
 static int grep_objects(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct pathspec *pathspec,
@@ -500,8 +647,16 @@ static int grep_objects(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 
 	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
 		struct object *real_obj;
-		real_obj = deref_tag(list->objects[i].item, NULL, 0);
-		if (grep_object(opt, pathspec, real_obj, list->objects[i].name, list->objects[i].path)) {
+		real_obj = deref_tag(the_repository, list->objects[i].item,
+				     NULL, 0);
+
+		/* load the gitmodules file for this rev */
+		if (recurse_submodules) {
+			submodule_free(the_repository);
+			gitmodules_config_oid(&real_obj->oid);
+		}
+		if (grep_object(opt, pathspec, real_obj, list->objects[i].name,
+				list->objects[i].path)) {
 			hit = 1;
 			if (opt->status_only)
 				break;
@@ -511,18 +666,20 @@ static int grep_objects(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 }
 
 static int grep_directory(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct pathspec *pathspec,
-			  int exc_std)
+			  int exc_std, int use_index)
 {
 	struct dir_struct dir;
 	int i, hit = 0;
 
 	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
+	if (!use_index)
+		dir.flags |= DIR_NO_GITLINKS;
 	if (exc_std)
 		setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
 
-	fill_directory(&dir, pathspec);
+	fill_directory(&dir, &the_index, pathspec);
 	for (i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++) {
-		if (!dir_path_match(dir.entries[i], pathspec, 0, NULL))
+		if (!dir_path_match(&the_index, dir.entries[i], pathspec, 0, NULL))
 			continue;
 		hit |= grep_file(opt, dir.entries[i]->name);
 		if (hit && opt->status_only)
@@ -562,7 +719,7 @@ static int file_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 	patterns = from_stdin ? stdin : fopen(arg, "r");
 	if (!patterns)
 		die_errno(_("cannot open '%s'"), arg);
-	while (strbuf_getline(&sb, patterns, '\n') == 0) {
+	while (strbuf_getline(&sb, patterns) == 0) {
 		/* ignore empty line like grep does */
 		if (sb.len == 0)
 			continue;
@@ -612,11 +769,6 @@ static int pattern_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int help_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	return -1;
-}
-
 int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int hit = 0;
@@ -632,6 +784,7 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int dummy;
 	int use_index = 1;
 	int pattern_type_arg = GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED;
+	int allow_revs;
 
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "cached", &cached,
@@ -642,6 +795,8 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			N_("search in both tracked and untracked files")),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "exclude-standard", &opt_exclude,
 			    N_("ignore files specified via '.gitignore'"), 1),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "recurse-submodules", &recurse_submodules,
+			 N_("recursively search in each submodule")),
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
 		OPT_BOOL('v', "invert-match", &opt.invert,
 			N_("show non-matching lines")),
@@ -674,6 +829,7 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			    GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_PCRE),
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
 		OPT_BOOL('n', "line-number", &opt.linenum, N_("show line numbers")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "column", &opt.columnnum, N_("show column number of first match")),
 		OPT_NEGBIT('h', NULL, &opt.pathname, N_("don't show filenames"), 1),
 		OPT_BIT('H', NULL, &opt.pathname, N_("show filenames"), 1),
 		OPT_NEGBIT(0, "full-name", &opt.relative,
@@ -685,8 +841,11 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_BOOL('L', "files-without-match",
 			&opt.unmatch_name_only,
 			N_("show only the names of files without match")),
-		OPT_BOOL('z', "null", &opt.null_following_name,
-			N_("print NUL after filenames")),
+		OPT_BOOL_F('z', "null", &opt.null_following_name,
+			   N_("print NUL after filenames"),
+			   PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
+		OPT_BOOL('o', "only-matching", &opt.only_matching,
+			N_("show only matching parts of a line")),
 		OPT_BOOL('c', "count", &opt.count,
 			N_("show the number of matches instead of matching lines")),
 		OPT__COLOR(&opt.color, N_("highlight matches")),
@@ -702,6 +861,8 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			N_("show <n> context lines before matches")),
 		OPT_INTEGER('A', "after-context", &opt.post_context,
 			N_("show <n> context lines after matches")),
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "threads", &num_threads,
+			N_("use <n> worker threads")),
 		OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK(&opt, N_("shortcut for -C NUM"),
 			context_callback),
 		OPT_BOOL('p', "show-function", &opt.funcname,
@@ -729,27 +890,20 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			   N_("indicate hit with exit status without output")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "all-match", &opt.all_match,
 			N_("show only matches from files that match all patterns")),
-		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "debug", &opt.debug, NULL,
-		  N_("show parse tree for grep expression"),
-		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN, NULL, 1 },
+		OPT_SET_INT_F(0, "debug", &opt.debug,
+			      N_("show parse tree for grep expression"),
+			      1, PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN),
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
 		{ OPTION_STRING, 'O', "open-files-in-pager", &show_in_pager,
 			N_("pager"), N_("show matching files in the pager"),
-			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)default_pager },
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "ext-grep", &external_grep_allowed__ignored,
-			 N_("allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)")),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "help-all", &options, NULL, N_("show usage"),
-		  PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOARG, help_callback },
+			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE,
+			NULL, (intptr_t)default_pager },
+		OPT_BOOL_F(0, "ext-grep", &external_grep_allowed__ignored,
+			   N_("allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"),
+			   PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
-	/*
-	 * 'git grep -h', unlike 'git grep -h <pattern>', is a request
-	 * to show usage information and exit.
-	 */
-	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
-		usage_with_options(grep_usage, options);
-
 	init_grep_defaults();
 	git_config(grep_cmd_config, NULL);
 	grep_init(&opt, prefix);
@@ -766,13 +920,18 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 */
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, grep_usage,
 			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH |
-			     PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION |
-			     PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP);
+			     PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
 	grep_commit_pattern_type(pattern_type_arg, &opt);
 
-	if (use_index && !startup_info->have_repository)
-		/* die the same way as if we did it at the beginning */
-		setup_git_directory();
+	if (use_index && !startup_info->have_repository) {
+		int fallback = 0;
+		git_config_get_bool("grep.fallbacktonoindex", &fallback);
+		if (fallback)
+			use_index = 0;
+		else
+			/* die the same way as if we did it at the beginning */
+			setup_git_directory();
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * skip a -- separator; we know it cannot be
@@ -801,58 +960,71 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		opt.output_priv = &path_list;
 		opt.output = append_path;
 		string_list_append(&path_list, show_in_pager);
-		use_threads = 0;
 	}
 
 	if (!opt.pattern_list)
-		die(_("no pattern given."));
-	if (!opt.fixed && opt.ignore_case)
-		opt.regflags |= REG_ICASE;
+		die(_("no pattern given"));
 
-	compile_grep_patterns(&opt);
+	/* --only-matching has no effect with --invert. */
+	if (opt.invert)
+		opt.only_matching = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * We have to find "--" in a separate pass, because its presence
+	 * influences how we will parse arguments that come before it.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--")) {
+			seen_dashdash = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
 
-	/* Check revs and then paths */
+	/*
+	 * Resolve any rev arguments. If we have a dashdash, then everything up
+	 * to it must resolve as a rev. If not, then we stop at the first
+	 * non-rev and assume everything else is a path.
+	 */
+	allow_revs = use_index && !untracked;
 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		struct object_context oc;
-		/* Is it a rev? */
-		if (!get_sha1_with_context(arg, 0, sha1, &oc)) {
-			struct object *object = parse_object_or_die(sha1, arg);
-			if (!seen_dashdash)
-				verify_non_filename(prefix, arg);
-			add_object_array_with_path(object, arg, &list, oc.mode, oc.path);
-			continue;
-		}
+		struct object *object;
+
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
 			i++;
-			seen_dashdash = 1;
+			break;
 		}
-		break;
-	}
 
-#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
-	if (list.nr || cached || online_cpus() == 1)
-		use_threads = 0;
-#else
-	use_threads = 0;
-#endif
+		if (!allow_revs) {
+			if (seen_dashdash)
+				die(_("--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs"));
+			break;
+		}
 
-#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
-	if (use_threads) {
-		if (!(opt.name_only || opt.unmatch_name_only || opt.count)
-		    && (opt.pre_context || opt.post_context ||
-			opt.file_break || opt.funcbody))
-			skip_first_line = 1;
-		start_threads(&opt);
+		if (get_oid_with_context(arg, GET_OID_RECORD_PATH,
+					 &oid, &oc)) {
+			if (seen_dashdash)
+				die(_("unable to resolve revision: %s"), arg);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		object = parse_object_or_die(&oid, arg);
+		if (!seen_dashdash)
+			verify_non_filename(prefix, arg);
+		add_object_array_with_path(object, arg, &list, oc.mode, oc.path);
+		free(oc.path);
 	}
-#endif
 
-	/* The rest are paths */
+	/*
+	 * Anything left over is presumed to be a path. But in the non-dashdash
+	 * "do what I mean" case, we verify and complain when that isn't true.
+	 */
 	if (!seen_dashdash) {
 		int j;
 		for (j = i; j < argc; j++)
-			verify_filename(prefix, argv[j], j == i);
+			verify_filename(prefix, argv[j], j == i && allow_revs);
 	}
 
 	parse_pathspec(&pathspec, 0,
@@ -861,6 +1033,41 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		       prefix, argv + i);
 	pathspec.max_depth = opt.max_depth;
 	pathspec.recursive = 1;
+	pathspec.recurse_submodules = !!recurse_submodules;
+
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	if (list.nr || cached || show_in_pager)
+		num_threads = 0;
+	else if (num_threads == 0)
+		num_threads = GREP_NUM_THREADS_DEFAULT;
+	else if (num_threads < 0)
+		die(_("invalid number of threads specified (%d)"), num_threads);
+	if (num_threads == 1)
+		num_threads = 0;
+#else
+	if (num_threads)
+		warning(_("no threads support, ignoring --threads"));
+	num_threads = 0;
+#endif
+
+	if (!num_threads)
+		/*
+		 * The compiled patterns on the main path are only
+		 * used when not using threading. Otherwise
+		 * start_threads() below calls compile_grep_patterns()
+		 * for each thread.
+		 */
+		compile_grep_patterns(&opt);
+
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	if (num_threads) {
+		if (!(opt.name_only || opt.unmatch_name_only || opt.count)
+		    && (opt.pre_context || opt.post_context ||
+			opt.file_break || opt.funcbody))
+			skip_first_line = 1;
+		start_threads(&opt);
+	}
+#endif
 
 	if (show_in_pager && (cached || list.nr))
 		die(_("--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"));
@@ -885,34 +1092,37 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (!show_in_pager)
+	if (recurse_submodules && (!use_index || untracked))
+		die(_("option not supported with --recurse-submodules"));
+
+	if (!show_in_pager && !opt.status_only)
 		setup_pager();
 
 	if (!use_index && (untracked || cached))
-		die(_("--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."));
+		die(_("--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index"));
 
 	if (!use_index || untracked) {
 		int use_exclude = (opt_exclude < 0) ? use_index : !!opt_exclude;
-		if (list.nr)
-			die(_("--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."));
-		hit = grep_directory(&opt, &pathspec, use_exclude);
+		hit = grep_directory(&opt, &pathspec, use_exclude, use_index);
 	} else if (0 <= opt_exclude) {
-		die(_("--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."));
+		die(_("--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents"));
 	} else if (!list.nr) {
 		if (!cached)
 			setup_work_tree();
 
-		hit = grep_cache(&opt, &pathspec, cached);
+		hit = grep_cache(&opt, the_repository, &pathspec, cached);
 	} else {
 		if (cached)
-			die(_("both --cached and trees are given."));
+			die(_("both --cached and trees are given"));
+
 		hit = grep_objects(&opt, &pathspec, &list);
 	}
 
-	if (use_threads)
+	if (num_threads)
 		hit |= wait_all();
 	if (hit && show_in_pager)
 		run_pager(&opt, prefix);
+	clear_pathspec(&pathspec);
 	free_grep_patterns(&opt);
 	return !hit;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/hash-object.c b/builtin/hash-object.c
index 207b90c7b1..9ada4f4dfd 100644
--- a/builtin/hash-object.c
+++ b/builtin/hash-object.c
@@ -5,27 +5,28 @@
  * Copyright (C) Junio C Hamano, 2005
  */
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 
 /*
  * This is to create corrupt objects for debugging and as such it
  * needs to bypass the data conversion performed by, and the type
  * limitation imposed by, index_fd() and its callees.
  */
-static int hash_literally(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, const char *type, unsigned flags)
+static int hash_literally(struct object_id *oid, int fd, const char *type, unsigned flags)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int ret;
 
 	if (strbuf_read(&buf, fd, 4096) < 0)
 		ret = -1;
-	else if (flags & HASH_WRITE_OBJECT)
-		ret = write_sha1_file(buf.buf, buf.len, type, sha1);
 	else
-		ret = hash_sha1_file(buf.buf, buf.len, type, sha1);
+		ret = hash_object_file_literally(buf.buf, buf.len, type, oid,
+						 flags);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -34,16 +35,16 @@ static void hash_fd(int fd, const char *type, const char *path, unsigned flags,
 		    int literally)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 
 	if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0 ||
 	    (literally
-	     ? hash_literally(sha1, fd, type, flags)
-	     : index_fd(sha1, fd, &st, type_from_string(type), path, flags)))
+	     ? hash_literally(&oid, fd, type, flags)
+	     : index_fd(&oid, fd, &st, type_from_string(type), path, flags)))
 		die((flags & HASH_WRITE_OBJECT)
 		    ? "Unable to add %s to database"
 		    : "Unable to hash %s", path);
-	printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	printf("%s\n", oid_to_hex(&oid));
 	maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "hash to stdout");
 }
 
@@ -60,27 +61,28 @@ static void hash_object(const char *path, const char *type, const char *vpath,
 static void hash_stdin_paths(const char *type, int no_filters, unsigned flags,
 			     int literally)
 {
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf unquoted = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
+	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin) != EOF) {
 		if (buf.buf[0] == '"') {
-			strbuf_reset(&nbuf);
-			if (unquote_c_style(&nbuf, buf.buf, NULL))
+			strbuf_reset(&unquoted);
+			if (unquote_c_style(&unquoted, buf.buf, NULL))
 				die("line is badly quoted");
-			strbuf_swap(&buf, &nbuf);
+			strbuf_swap(&buf, &unquoted);
 		}
 		hash_object(buf.buf, type, no_filters ? NULL : buf.buf, flags,
 			    literally);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	strbuf_release(&nbuf);
+	strbuf_release(&unquoted);
 }
 
 int cmd_hash_object(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	static const char * const hash_object_usage[] = {
 		N_("git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file> | --no-filters] [--stdin] [--] <file>..."),
-		N_("git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>"),
+		N_("git hash-object  --stdin-paths"),
 		NULL
 	};
 	const char *type = blob_type;
@@ -88,6 +90,7 @@ int cmd_hash_object(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int stdin_paths = 0;
 	int no_filters = 0;
 	int literally = 0;
+	int nongit = 0;
 	unsigned flags = HASH_FORMAT_CHECK;
 	const char *vpath = NULL;
 	const struct option hash_object_options[] = {
@@ -102,18 +105,18 @@ int cmd_hash_object(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 	int i;
-	int prefix_length = -1;
 	const char *errstr = NULL;
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, hash_object_options,
 			     hash_object_usage, 0);
 
-	if (flags & HASH_WRITE_OBJECT) {
+	if (flags & HASH_WRITE_OBJECT)
 		prefix = setup_git_directory();
-		prefix_length = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
-		if (vpath && prefix)
-			vpath = prefix_filename(prefix, prefix_length, vpath);
-	}
+	else
+		prefix = setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
+
+	if (vpath && prefix)
+		vpath = xstrdup(prefix_filename(prefix, vpath));
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
@@ -142,11 +145,13 @@ int cmd_hash_object(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	for (i = 0 ; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
+		char *to_free = NULL;
 
-		if (0 <= prefix_length)
-			arg = prefix_filename(prefix, prefix_length, arg);
+		if (prefix)
+			arg = to_free = prefix_filename(prefix, arg);
 		hash_object(arg, type, no_filters ? NULL : vpath ? vpath : arg,
 			    flags, literally);
+		free(to_free);
 	}
 
 	if (stdin_paths)
diff --git a/builtin/help.c b/builtin/help.c
index 6133fe496b..8d4f6dd301 100644
--- a/builtin/help.c
+++ b/builtin/help.c
@@ -2,12 +2,14 @@
  * Builtin help command
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "column.h"
 #include "help.h"
+#include "alias.h"
 
 #ifndef DEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT
 #define DEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT "man"
@@ -35,16 +37,23 @@ static const char *html_path;
 
 static int show_all = 0;
 static int show_guides = 0;
+static int show_config;
+static int verbose;
 static unsigned int colopts;
 static enum help_format help_format = HELP_FORMAT_NONE;
+static int exclude_guides;
 static struct option builtin_help_options[] = {
 	OPT_BOOL('a', "all", &show_all, N_("print all available commands")),
+	OPT_HIDDEN_BOOL(0, "exclude-guides", &exclude_guides, N_("exclude guides")),
 	OPT_BOOL('g', "guides", &show_guides, N_("print list of useful guides")),
+	OPT_BOOL('c', "config", &show_config, N_("print all configuration variable names")),
+	OPT_SET_INT_F(0, "config-for-completion", &show_config, "", 2, PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN),
 	OPT_SET_INT('m', "man", &help_format, N_("show man page"), HELP_FORMAT_MAN),
 	OPT_SET_INT('w', "web", &help_format, N_("show manual in web browser"),
 			HELP_FORMAT_WEB),
 	OPT_SET_INT('i', "info", &help_format, N_("show info page"),
 			HELP_FORMAT_INFO),
+	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("print command description")),
 	OPT_END(),
 };
 
@@ -127,7 +136,8 @@ static void exec_woman_emacs(const char *path, const char *page)
 			path = "emacsclient";
 		strbuf_addf(&man_page, "(woman \"%s\")", page);
 		execlp(path, "emacsclient", "-e", man_page.buf, (char *)NULL);
-		warning(_("failed to exec '%s': %s"), path, strerror(errno));
+		warning_errno(_("failed to exec '%s'"), path);
+		strbuf_release(&man_page);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -140,22 +150,16 @@ static void exec_man_konqueror(const char *path, const char *page)
 
 		/* It's simpler to launch konqueror using kfmclient. */
 		if (path) {
-			const char *file = strrchr(path, '/');
-			if (file && !strcmp(file + 1, "konqueror")) {
-				char *new = xstrdup(path);
-				char *dest = strrchr(new, '/');
-
-				/* strlen("konqueror") == strlen("kfmclient") */
-				strcpy(dest + 1, "kfmclient");
-				path = new;
-			}
-			if (file)
-				filename = file;
+			size_t len;
+			if (strip_suffix(path, "/konqueror", &len))
+				path = xstrfmt("%.*s/kfmclient", (int)len, path);
+			filename = basename((char *)path);
 		} else
 			path = "kfmclient";
 		strbuf_addf(&man_page, "man:%s(1)", page);
 		execlp(path, filename, "newTab", man_page.buf, (char *)NULL);
-		warning(_("failed to exec '%s': %s"), path, strerror(errno));
+		warning_errno(_("failed to exec '%s'"), path);
+		strbuf_release(&man_page);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -164,26 +168,25 @@ static void exec_man_man(const char *path, const char *page)
 	if (!path)
 		path = "man";
 	execlp(path, "man", page, (char *)NULL);
-	warning(_("failed to exec '%s': %s"), path, strerror(errno));
+	warning_errno(_("failed to exec '%s'"), path);
 }
 
 static void exec_man_cmd(const char *cmd, const char *page)
 {
 	struct strbuf shell_cmd = STRBUF_INIT;
 	strbuf_addf(&shell_cmd, "%s %s", cmd, page);
-	execl("/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", shell_cmd.buf, (char *)NULL);
-	warning(_("failed to exec '%s': %s"), cmd, strerror(errno));
+	execl(SHELL_PATH, SHELL_PATH, "-c", shell_cmd.buf, (char *)NULL);
+	warning(_("failed to exec '%s'"), cmd);
+	strbuf_release(&shell_cmd);
 }
 
 static void add_man_viewer(const char *name)
 {
 	struct man_viewer_list **p = &man_viewer_list;
-	size_t len = strlen(name);
 
 	while (*p)
 		p = &((*p)->next);
-	*p = xcalloc(1, (sizeof(**p) + len + 1));
-	strncpy((*p)->name, name, len);
+	FLEX_ALLOC_STR(*p, name, name);
 }
 
 static int supported_man_viewer(const char *name, size_t len)
@@ -197,12 +200,11 @@ static void do_add_man_viewer_info(const char *name,
 				   size_t len,
 				   const char *value)
 {
-	struct man_viewer_info_list *new = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*new) + len + 1);
-
-	strncpy(new->name, name, len);
-	new->info = xstrdup(value);
-	new->next = man_viewer_info_list;
-	man_viewer_info_list = new;
+	struct man_viewer_info_list *new_man_viewer;
+	FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(new_man_viewer, name, name, len);
+	new_man_viewer->info = xstrdup(value);
+	new_man_viewer->next = man_viewer_info_list;
+	man_viewer_info_list = new_man_viewer;
 }
 
 static int add_man_viewer_path(const char *name,
@@ -295,16 +297,6 @@ static int is_git_command(const char *s)
 		is_in_cmdlist(&other_cmds, s);
 }
 
-static const char *prepend(const char *prefix, const char *cmd)
-{
-	size_t pre_len = strlen(prefix);
-	size_t cmd_len = strlen(cmd);
-	char *p = xmalloc(pre_len + cmd_len + 1);
-	memcpy(p, prefix, pre_len);
-	strcpy(p + pre_len, cmd);
-	return p;
-}
-
 static const char *cmd_to_page(const char *git_cmd)
 {
 	if (!git_cmd)
@@ -312,9 +304,9 @@ static const char *cmd_to_page(const char *git_cmd)
 	else if (starts_with(git_cmd, "git"))
 		return git_cmd;
 	else if (is_git_command(git_cmd))
-		return prepend("git-", git_cmd);
+		return xstrfmt("git-%s", git_cmd);
 	else
-		return prepend("git", git_cmd);
+		return xstrfmt("git%s", git_cmd);
 }
 
 static void setup_man_path(void)
@@ -399,17 +391,10 @@ static void get_html_page_path(struct strbuf *page_path, const char *page)
 	free(to_free);
 }
 
-/*
- * If open_html is not defined in a platform-specific way (see for
- * example compat/mingw.h), we use the script web--browse to display
- * HTML.
- */
-#ifndef open_html
 static void open_html(const char *path)
 {
 	execl_git_cmd("web--browse", "-c", "help.browser", path, (char *)NULL);
 }
-#endif
 
 static void show_html_page(const char *git_cmd)
 {
@@ -421,42 +406,29 @@ static void show_html_page(const char *git_cmd)
 	open_html(page_path.buf);
 }
 
-static struct {
-	const char *name;
-	const char *help;
-} common_guides[] = {
-	{ "attributes", N_("Defining attributes per path") },
-	{ "everyday", N_("Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So") },
-	{ "glossary", N_("A Git glossary") },
-	{ "ignore", N_("Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore") },
-	{ "modules", N_("Defining submodule properties") },
-	{ "revisions", N_("Specifying revisions and ranges for Git") },
-	{ "tutorial", N_("A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)") },
-	{ "workflows", N_("An overview of recommended workflows with Git") },
-};
-
-static void list_common_guides_help(void)
+static const char *check_git_cmd(const char* cmd)
 {
-	int i, longest = 0;
+	char *alias;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(common_guides); i++) {
-		if (longest < strlen(common_guides[i].name))
-			longest = strlen(common_guides[i].name);
-	}
+	if (is_git_command(cmd))
+		return cmd;
 
-	puts(_("The common Git guides are:\n"));
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(common_guides); i++) {
-		printf("   %s   ", common_guides[i].name);
-		mput_char(' ', longest - strlen(common_guides[i].name));
-		puts(_(common_guides[i].help));
+	alias = alias_lookup(cmd);
+	if (alias) {
+		printf_ln(_("'%s' is aliased to '%s'"), cmd, alias);
+		free(alias);
+		exit(0);
 	}
-	putchar('\n');
+
+	if (exclude_guides)
+		return help_unknown_cmd(cmd);
+
+	return cmd;
 }
 
 int cmd_help(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int nongit;
-	const char *alias;
 	enum help_format parsed_help_format;
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_help_options,
@@ -465,11 +437,29 @@ int cmd_help(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (show_all) {
 		git_config(git_help_config, NULL);
+		if (verbose) {
+			setup_pager();
+			list_all_cmds_help();
+			return 0;
+		}
 		printf(_("usage: %s%s"), _(git_usage_string), "\n\n");
 		load_command_list("git-", &main_cmds, &other_cmds);
 		list_commands(colopts, &main_cmds, &other_cmds);
 	}
 
+	if (show_config) {
+		int for_human = show_config == 1;
+
+		if (!for_human) {
+			list_config_help(for_human);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		setup_pager();
+		list_config_help(for_human);
+		printf("\n%s\n", _("'git help config' for more information"));
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (show_guides)
 		list_common_guides_help();
 
@@ -496,11 +486,7 @@ int cmd_help(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (help_format == HELP_FORMAT_NONE)
 		help_format = parse_help_format(DEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT);
 
-	alias = alias_lookup(argv[0]);
-	if (alias && !is_git_command(argv[0])) {
-		printf_ln(_("`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"), argv[0], alias);
-		return 0;
-	}
+	argv[0] = check_git_cmd(argv[0]);
 
 	switch (help_format) {
 	case HELP_FORMAT_NONE:
diff --git a/builtin/index-pack.c b/builtin/index-pack.c
index cf654df09b..9582ead950 100644
--- a/builtin/index-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/index-pack.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "delta.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "csum-file.h"
@@ -8,9 +9,11 @@
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "progress.h"
 #include "fsck.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "streaming.h"
 #include "thread-utils.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 static const char index_pack_usage[] =
 "git index-pack [-v] [-o <index-file>] [--keep | --keep=<msg>] [--verify] [--strict] (<pack-file> | --stdin [--fix-thin] [<pack-file>])";
@@ -18,16 +21,14 @@ static const char index_pack_usage[] =
 struct object_entry {
 	struct pack_idx_entry idx;
 	unsigned long size;
-	unsigned int hdr_size;
-	enum object_type type;
-	enum object_type real_type;
-	unsigned delta_depth;
-	int base_object_no;
+	unsigned char hdr_size;
+	signed char type;
+	signed char real_type;
 };
 
-union delta_base {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	off_t offset;
+struct object_stat {
+	unsigned delta_depth;
+	int base_object_no;
 };
 
 struct base_data {
@@ -49,32 +50,38 @@ struct thread_local {
 	int pack_fd;
 };
 
-/*
- * Even if sizeof(union delta_base) == 24 on 64-bit archs, we really want
- * to memcmp() only the first 20 bytes.
- */
-#define UNION_BASE_SZ	20
-
+/* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
 #define FLAG_LINK (1u<<20)
 #define FLAG_CHECKED (1u<<21)
 
-struct delta_entry {
-	union delta_base base;
+struct ofs_delta_entry {
+	off_t offset;
+	int obj_no;
+};
+
+struct ref_delta_entry {
+	struct object_id oid;
 	int obj_no;
 };
 
 static struct object_entry *objects;
-static struct delta_entry *deltas;
+static struct object_stat *obj_stat;
+static struct ofs_delta_entry *ofs_deltas;
+static struct ref_delta_entry *ref_deltas;
 static struct thread_local nothread_data;
 static int nr_objects;
-static int nr_deltas;
+static int nr_ofs_deltas;
+static int nr_ref_deltas;
+static int ref_deltas_alloc;
 static int nr_resolved_deltas;
 static int nr_threads;
 
 static int from_stdin;
 static int strict;
 static int do_fsck_object;
+static struct fsck_options fsck_options = FSCK_OPTIONS_STRICT;
 static int verbose;
+static int show_resolving_progress;
 static int show_stat;
 static int check_self_contained_and_connected;
 
@@ -84,8 +91,9 @@ static struct progress *progress;
 static unsigned char input_buffer[4096];
 static unsigned int input_offset, input_len;
 static off_t consumed_bytes;
+static off_t max_input_size;
 static unsigned deepest_delta;
-static git_SHA_CTX input_ctx;
+static git_hash_ctx input_ctx;
 static uint32_t input_crc32;
 static int input_fd, output_fd;
 static const char *curr_pack;
@@ -191,13 +199,13 @@ static void cleanup_thread(void)
 #endif
 
 
-static int mark_link(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
+static int mark_link(struct object *obj, int type, void *data, struct fsck_options *options)
 {
 	if (!obj)
 		return -1;
 
 	if (type != OBJ_ANY && obj->type != type)
-		die(_("object type mismatch at %s"), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+		die(_("object type mismatch at %s"), oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
 
 	obj->flags |= FLAG_LINK;
 	return 0;
@@ -215,14 +223,14 @@ static unsigned check_object(struct object *obj)
 
 	if (!(obj->flags & FLAG_CHECKED)) {
 		unsigned long size;
-		int type = sha1_object_info(obj->sha1, &size);
+		int type = oid_object_info(the_repository, &obj->oid, &size);
 		if (type <= 0)
 			die(_("did not receive expected object %s"),
-			      sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+			      oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
 		if (type != obj->type)
 			die(_("object %s: expected type %s, found %s"),
-			    sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1),
-			    typename(obj->type), typename(type));
+			    oid_to_hex(&obj->oid),
+			    type_name(obj->type), type_name(type));
 		obj->flags |= FLAG_CHECKED;
 		return 1;
 	}
@@ -247,7 +255,7 @@ static void flush(void)
 	if (input_offset) {
 		if (output_fd >= 0)
 			write_or_die(output_fd, input_buffer, input_offset);
-		git_SHA1_Update(&input_ctx, input_buffer, input_offset);
+		the_hash_algo->update_fn(&input_ctx, input_buffer, input_offset);
 		memmove(input_buffer, input_buffer + input_offset, input_len);
 		input_offset = 0;
 	}
@@ -294,6 +302,8 @@ static void use(int bytes)
 	if (signed_add_overflows(consumed_bytes, bytes))
 		die(_("pack too large for current definition of off_t"));
 	consumed_bytes += bytes;
+	if (max_input_size && consumed_bytes > max_input_size)
+		die(_("pack exceeds maximum allowed size"));
 }
 
 static const char *open_pack_file(const char *pack_name)
@@ -301,14 +311,15 @@ static const char *open_pack_file(const char *pack_name)
 	if (from_stdin) {
 		input_fd = 0;
 		if (!pack_name) {
-			static char tmp_file[PATH_MAX];
-			output_fd = odb_mkstemp(tmp_file, sizeof(tmp_file),
+			struct strbuf tmp_file = STRBUF_INIT;
+			output_fd = odb_mkstemp(&tmp_file,
 						"pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX");
-			pack_name = xstrdup(tmp_file);
-		} else
+			pack_name = strbuf_detach(&tmp_file, NULL);
+		} else {
 			output_fd = open(pack_name, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_RDWR, 0600);
-		if (output_fd < 0)
-			die_errno(_("unable to create '%s'"), pack_name);
+			if (output_fd < 0)
+				die_errno(_("unable to create '%s'"), pack_name);
+		}
 		nothread_data.pack_fd = output_fd;
 	} else {
 		input_fd = open(pack_name, O_RDONLY);
@@ -317,7 +328,7 @@ static const char *open_pack_file(const char *pack_name)
 		output_fd = -1;
 		nothread_data.pack_fd = input_fd;
 	}
-	git_SHA1_Init(&input_ctx);
+	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&input_ctx);
 	return pack_name;
 }
 
@@ -336,10 +347,10 @@ static void parse_pack_header(void)
 	use(sizeof(struct pack_header));
 }
 
-static NORETURN void bad_object(unsigned long offset, const char *format,
+static NORETURN void bad_object(off_t offset, const char *format,
 		       ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
 
-static NORETURN void bad_object(unsigned long offset, const char *format, ...)
+static NORETURN void bad_object(off_t offset, const char *format, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
 	char buf[1024];
@@ -347,7 +358,8 @@ static NORETURN void bad_object(unsigned long offset, const char *format, ...)
 	va_start(params, format);
 	vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), format, params);
 	va_end(params);
-	die(_("pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"), offset, buf);
+	die(_("pack has bad object at offset %"PRIuMAX": %s"),
+	    (uintmax_t)offset, buf);
 }
 
 static inline struct thread_local *get_thread_data(void)
@@ -380,8 +392,7 @@ static struct base_data *alloc_base_data(void)
 static void free_base_data(struct base_data *c)
 {
 	if (c->data) {
-		free(c->data);
-		c->data = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(c->data);
 		get_thread_data()->base_cache_used -= c->size;
 	}
 }
@@ -427,23 +438,23 @@ static int is_delta_type(enum object_type type)
 	return (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA || type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA);
 }
 
-static void *unpack_entry_data(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size,
-			       enum object_type type, unsigned char *sha1)
+static void *unpack_entry_data(off_t offset, unsigned long size,
+			       enum object_type type, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	static char fixed_buf[8192];
 	int status;
 	git_zstream stream;
 	void *buf;
-	git_SHA_CTX c;
+	git_hash_ctx c;
 	char hdr[32];
 	int hdrlen;
 
 	if (!is_delta_type(type)) {
-		hdrlen = sprintf(hdr, "%s %lu", typename(type), size) + 1;
-		git_SHA1_Init(&c);
-		git_SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, hdrlen);
+		hdrlen = xsnprintf(hdr, sizeof(hdr), "%s %lu", type_name(type), size) + 1;
+		the_hash_algo->init_fn(&c);
+		the_hash_algo->update_fn(&c, hdr, hdrlen);
 	} else
-		sha1 = NULL;
+		oid = NULL;
 	if (type == OBJ_BLOB && size > big_file_threshold)
 		buf = fixed_buf;
 	else
@@ -460,8 +471,8 @@ static void *unpack_entry_data(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size,
 		stream.avail_in = input_len;
 		status = git_inflate(&stream, 0);
 		use(input_len - stream.avail_in);
-		if (sha1)
-			git_SHA1_Update(&c, last_out, stream.next_out - last_out);
+		if (oid)
+			the_hash_algo->update_fn(&c, last_out, stream.next_out - last_out);
 		if (buf == fixed_buf) {
 			stream.next_out = buf;
 			stream.avail_out = sizeof(fixed_buf);
@@ -470,14 +481,15 @@ static void *unpack_entry_data(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size,
 	if (stream.total_out != size || status != Z_STREAM_END)
 		bad_object(offset, _("inflate returned %d"), status);
 	git_inflate_end(&stream);
-	if (sha1)
-		git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &c);
+	if (oid)
+		the_hash_algo->final_fn(oid->hash, &c);
 	return buf == fixed_buf ? NULL : buf;
 }
 
 static void *unpack_raw_entry(struct object_entry *obj,
-			      union delta_base *delta_base,
-			      unsigned char *sha1)
+			      off_t *ofs_offset,
+			      struct object_id *ref_oid,
+			      struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	unsigned char *p;
 	unsigned long size, c;
@@ -505,11 +517,10 @@ static void *unpack_raw_entry(struct object_entry *obj,
 
 	switch (obj->type) {
 	case OBJ_REF_DELTA:
-		hashcpy(delta_base->sha1, fill(20));
-		use(20);
+		hashcpy(ref_oid->hash, fill(the_hash_algo->rawsz));
+		use(the_hash_algo->rawsz);
 		break;
 	case OBJ_OFS_DELTA:
-		memset(delta_base, 0, sizeof(*delta_base));
 		p = fill(1);
 		c = *p;
 		use(1);
@@ -523,8 +534,8 @@ static void *unpack_raw_entry(struct object_entry *obj,
 			use(1);
 			base_offset = (base_offset << 7) + (c & 127);
 		}
-		delta_base->offset = obj->idx.offset - base_offset;
-		if (delta_base->offset <= 0 || delta_base->offset >= obj->idx.offset)
+		*ofs_offset = obj->idx.offset - base_offset;
+		if (*ofs_offset <= 0 || *ofs_offset >= obj->idx.offset)
 			bad_object(obj->idx.offset, _("delta base offset is out of bound"));
 		break;
 	case OBJ_COMMIT:
@@ -537,7 +548,7 @@ static void *unpack_raw_entry(struct object_entry *obj,
 	}
 	obj->hdr_size = consumed_bytes - obj->idx.offset;
 
-	data = unpack_entry_data(obj->idx.offset, obj->size, obj->type, sha1);
+	data = unpack_entry_data(obj->idx.offset, obj->size, obj->type, oid);
 	obj->idx.crc32 = input_crc32;
 	return data;
 }
@@ -547,13 +558,13 @@ static void *unpack_data(struct object_entry *obj,
 			 void *cb_data)
 {
 	off_t from = obj[0].idx.offset + obj[0].hdr_size;
-	unsigned long len = obj[1].idx.offset - from;
+	off_t len = obj[1].idx.offset - from;
 	unsigned char *data, *inbuf;
 	git_zstream stream;
 	int status;
 
 	data = xmallocz(consume ? 64*1024 : obj->size);
-	inbuf = xmalloc((len < 64*1024) ? len : 64*1024);
+	inbuf = xmalloc((len < 64*1024) ? (int)len : 64*1024);
 
 	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
 	git_inflate_init(&stream);
@@ -561,15 +572,15 @@ static void *unpack_data(struct object_entry *obj,
 	stream.avail_out = consume ? 64*1024 : obj->size;
 
 	do {
-		ssize_t n = (len < 64*1024) ? len : 64*1024;
+		ssize_t n = (len < 64*1024) ? (ssize_t)len : 64*1024;
 		n = xpread(get_thread_data()->pack_fd, inbuf, n, from);
 		if (n < 0)
 			die_errno(_("cannot pread pack file"));
 		if (!n)
-			die(Q_("premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing",
-			       "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing",
-			       len),
-			    len);
+			die(Q_("premature end of pack file, %"PRIuMAX" byte missing",
+			       "premature end of pack file, %"PRIuMAX" bytes missing",
+			       (unsigned int)len),
+			    (uintmax_t)len);
 		from += n;
 		len -= n;
 		stream.next_in = inbuf;
@@ -597,8 +608,7 @@ static void *unpack_data(struct object_entry *obj,
 	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	free(inbuf);
 	if (consume) {
-		free(data);
-		data = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(data);
 	}
 	return data;
 }
@@ -608,55 +618,110 @@ static void *get_data_from_pack(struct object_entry *obj)
 	return unpack_data(obj, NULL, NULL);
 }
 
-static int compare_delta_bases(const union delta_base *base1,
-			       const union delta_base *base2,
-			       enum object_type type1,
-			       enum object_type type2)
+static int compare_ofs_delta_bases(off_t offset1, off_t offset2,
+				   enum object_type type1,
+				   enum object_type type2)
 {
 	int cmp = type1 - type2;
 	if (cmp)
 		return cmp;
-	return memcmp(base1, base2, UNION_BASE_SZ);
+	return offset1 < offset2 ? -1 :
+	       offset1 > offset2 ?  1 :
+	       0;
 }
 
-static int find_delta(const union delta_base *base, enum object_type type)
+static int find_ofs_delta(const off_t offset, enum object_type type)
 {
-	int first = 0, last = nr_deltas;
-
-        while (first < last) {
-                int next = (first + last) / 2;
-                struct delta_entry *delta = &deltas[next];
-                int cmp;
-
-		cmp = compare_delta_bases(base, &delta->base,
-					  type, objects[delta->obj_no].type);
-                if (!cmp)
-                        return next;
-                if (cmp < 0) {
-                        last = next;
-                        continue;
-                }
-                first = next+1;
-        }
-        return -first-1;
+	int first = 0, last = nr_ofs_deltas;
+
+	while (first < last) {
+		int next = first + (last - first) / 2;
+		struct ofs_delta_entry *delta = &ofs_deltas[next];
+		int cmp;
+
+		cmp = compare_ofs_delta_bases(offset, delta->offset,
+					      type, objects[delta->obj_no].type);
+		if (!cmp)
+			return next;
+		if (cmp < 0) {
+			last = next;
+			continue;
+		}
+		first = next+1;
+	}
+	return -first-1;
 }
 
-static void find_delta_children(const union delta_base *base,
-				int *first_index, int *last_index,
-				enum object_type type)
+static void find_ofs_delta_children(off_t offset,
+				    int *first_index, int *last_index,
+				    enum object_type type)
 {
-	int first = find_delta(base, type);
+	int first = find_ofs_delta(offset, type);
 	int last = first;
-	int end = nr_deltas - 1;
+	int end = nr_ofs_deltas - 1;
 
 	if (first < 0) {
 		*first_index = 0;
 		*last_index = -1;
 		return;
 	}
-	while (first > 0 && !memcmp(&deltas[first - 1].base, base, UNION_BASE_SZ))
+	while (first > 0 && ofs_deltas[first - 1].offset == offset)
 		--first;
-	while (last < end && !memcmp(&deltas[last + 1].base, base, UNION_BASE_SZ))
+	while (last < end && ofs_deltas[last + 1].offset == offset)
+		++last;
+	*first_index = first;
+	*last_index = last;
+}
+
+static int compare_ref_delta_bases(const struct object_id *oid1,
+				   const struct object_id *oid2,
+				   enum object_type type1,
+				   enum object_type type2)
+{
+	int cmp = type1 - type2;
+	if (cmp)
+		return cmp;
+	return oidcmp(oid1, oid2);
+}
+
+static int find_ref_delta(const struct object_id *oid, enum object_type type)
+{
+	int first = 0, last = nr_ref_deltas;
+
+	while (first < last) {
+		int next = first + (last - first) / 2;
+		struct ref_delta_entry *delta = &ref_deltas[next];
+		int cmp;
+
+		cmp = compare_ref_delta_bases(oid, &delta->oid,
+					      type, objects[delta->obj_no].type);
+		if (!cmp)
+			return next;
+		if (cmp < 0) {
+			last = next;
+			continue;
+		}
+		first = next+1;
+	}
+	return -first-1;
+}
+
+static void find_ref_delta_children(const struct object_id *oid,
+				    int *first_index, int *last_index,
+				    enum object_type type)
+{
+	int first = find_ref_delta(oid, type);
+	int last = first;
+	int end = nr_ref_deltas - 1;
+
+	if (first < 0) {
+		*first_index = 0;
+		*last_index = -1;
+		return;
+	}
+	while (first > 0 && !oidcmp(&ref_deltas[first - 1].oid, oid))
+		--first;
+	while (last < end && !oidcmp(&ref_deltas[last + 1].oid, oid))
 		++last;
 	*first_index = first;
 	*last_index = last;
@@ -684,13 +749,13 @@ static int compare_objects(const unsigned char *buf, unsigned long size,
 		ssize_t len = read_istream(data->st, data->buf, size);
 		if (len == 0)
 			die(_("SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"),
-			    sha1_to_hex(data->entry->idx.sha1));
+			    oid_to_hex(&data->entry->idx.oid));
 		if (len < 0)
 			die(_("unable to read %s"),
-			    sha1_to_hex(data->entry->idx.sha1));
+			    oid_to_hex(&data->entry->idx.oid));
 		if (memcmp(buf, data->buf, len))
 			die(_("SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"),
-			    sha1_to_hex(data->entry->idx.sha1));
+			    oid_to_hex(&data->entry->idx.oid));
 		size -= len;
 		buf += len;
 	}
@@ -708,12 +773,12 @@ static int check_collison(struct object_entry *entry)
 
 	memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
 	data.entry = entry;
-	data.st = open_istream(entry->idx.sha1, &type, &size, NULL);
+	data.st = open_istream(&entry->idx.oid, &type, &size, NULL);
 	if (!data.st)
 		return -1;
 	if (size != entry->size || type != entry->type)
 		die(_("SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"),
-		    sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+		    oid_to_hex(&entry->idx.oid));
 	unpack_data(entry, compare_objects, &data);
 	close_istream(data.st);
 	free(data.buf);
@@ -722,16 +787,19 @@ static int check_collison(struct object_entry *entry)
 
 static void sha1_object(const void *data, struct object_entry *obj_entry,
 			unsigned long size, enum object_type type,
-			const unsigned char *sha1)
+			const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	void *new_data = NULL;
-	int collision_test_needed;
+	int collision_test_needed = 0;
 
 	assert(data || obj_entry);
 
-	read_lock();
-	collision_test_needed = has_sha1_file(sha1);
-	read_unlock();
+	if (startup_info->have_repository) {
+		read_lock();
+		collision_test_needed =
+			has_sha1_file_with_flags(oid->hash, OBJECT_INFO_QUICK);
+		read_unlock();
+	}
 
 	if (collision_test_needed && !data) {
 		read_lock();
@@ -744,29 +812,34 @@ static void sha1_object(const void *data, struct object_entry *obj_entry,
 		enum object_type has_type;
 		unsigned long has_size;
 		read_lock();
-		has_type = sha1_object_info(sha1, &has_size);
+		has_type = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, &has_size);
+		if (has_type < 0)
+			die(_("cannot read existing object info %s"), oid_to_hex(oid));
 		if (has_type != type || has_size != size)
-			die(_("SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		has_data = read_sha1_file(sha1, &has_type, &has_size);
+			die(_("SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"), oid_to_hex(oid));
+		has_data = read_object_file(oid, &has_type, &has_size);
 		read_unlock();
 		if (!data)
 			data = new_data = get_data_from_pack(obj_entry);
 		if (!has_data)
-			die(_("cannot read existing object %s"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die(_("cannot read existing object %s"), oid_to_hex(oid));
 		if (size != has_size || type != has_type ||
 		    memcmp(data, has_data, size) != 0)
-			die(_("SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die(_("SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"), oid_to_hex(oid));
 		free(has_data);
 	}
 
-	if (strict) {
+	if (strict || do_fsck_object) {
 		read_lock();
 		if (type == OBJ_BLOB) {
-			struct blob *blob = lookup_blob(sha1);
+			struct blob *blob = lookup_blob(the_repository, oid);
 			if (blob)
 				blob->object.flags |= FLAG_CHECKED;
 			else
-				die(_("invalid blob object %s"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+				die(_("invalid blob object %s"), oid_to_hex(oid));
+			if (do_fsck_object &&
+			    fsck_object(&blob->object, (void *)data, size, &fsck_options))
+				die(_("fsck error in packed object"));
 		} else {
 			struct object *obj;
 			int eaten;
@@ -778,15 +851,16 @@ static void sha1_object(const void *data, struct object_entry *obj_entry,
 			 * we do not need to free the memory here, as the
 			 * buf is deleted by the caller.
 			 */
-			obj = parse_object_buffer(sha1, type, size, buf, &eaten);
+			obj = parse_object_buffer(the_repository, oid, type,
+						  size, buf,
+						  &eaten);
 			if (!obj)
-				die(_("invalid %s"), typename(type));
+				die(_("invalid %s"), type_name(type));
 			if (do_fsck_object &&
-			    fsck_object(obj, buf, size, 1,
-				    fsck_error_function))
-				die(_("Error in object"));
-			if (fsck_walk(obj, mark_link, NULL))
-				die(_("Not all child objects of %s are reachable"), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+			    fsck_object(obj, buf, size, &fsck_options))
+				die(_("fsck error in packed object"));
+			if (strict && fsck_walk(obj, NULL, &fsck_options))
+				die(_("Not all child objects of %s are reachable"), oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
 
 			if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
 				struct tree *item = (struct tree *) obj;
@@ -796,7 +870,7 @@ static void sha1_object(const void *data, struct object_entry *obj_entry,
 			if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
 				struct commit *commit = (struct commit *) obj;
 				if (detach_commit_buffer(commit, NULL) != data)
-					die("BUG: parse_object_buffer transmogrified our buffer");
+					BUG("parse_object_buffer transmogrified our buffer");
 			}
 			obj->flags |= FLAG_CHECKED;
 		}
@@ -873,13 +947,15 @@ static void resolve_delta(struct object_entry *delta_obj,
 	void *base_data, *delta_data;
 
 	if (show_stat) {
-		delta_obj->delta_depth = base->obj->delta_depth + 1;
+		int i = delta_obj - objects;
+		int j = base->obj - objects;
+		obj_stat[i].delta_depth = obj_stat[j].delta_depth + 1;
 		deepest_delta_lock();
-		if (deepest_delta < delta_obj->delta_depth)
-			deepest_delta = delta_obj->delta_depth;
+		if (deepest_delta < obj_stat[i].delta_depth)
+			deepest_delta = obj_stat[i].delta_depth;
 		deepest_delta_unlock();
+		obj_stat[i].base_object_no = j;
 	}
-	delta_obj->base_object_no = base->obj - objects;
 	delta_data = get_data_from_pack(delta_obj);
 	base_data = get_base_data(base);
 	result->obj = delta_obj;
@@ -888,10 +964,10 @@ static void resolve_delta(struct object_entry *delta_obj,
 	free(delta_data);
 	if (!result->data)
 		bad_object(delta_obj->idx.offset, _("failed to apply delta"));
-	hash_sha1_file(result->data, result->size,
-		       typename(delta_obj->real_type), delta_obj->idx.sha1);
+	hash_object_file(result->data, result->size,
+			 type_name(delta_obj->real_type), &delta_obj->idx.oid);
 	sha1_object(result->data, NULL, result->size, delta_obj->real_type,
-		    delta_obj->idx.sha1);
+		    &delta_obj->idx.oid);
 	counter_lock();
 	nr_resolved_deltas++;
 	counter_unlock();
@@ -902,7 +978,7 @@ static void resolve_delta(struct object_entry *delta_obj,
  * "want"; if so, swap in "set" and return true. Otherwise, leave it untouched
  * and return false.
  */
-static int compare_and_swap_type(enum object_type *type,
+static int compare_and_swap_type(signed char *type,
 				 enum object_type want,
 				 enum object_type set)
 {
@@ -921,16 +997,13 @@ static struct base_data *find_unresolved_deltas_1(struct base_data *base,
 						  struct base_data *prev_base)
 {
 	if (base->ref_last == -1 && base->ofs_last == -1) {
-		union delta_base base_spec;
+		find_ref_delta_children(&base->obj->idx.oid,
+					&base->ref_first, &base->ref_last,
+					OBJ_REF_DELTA);
 
-		hashcpy(base_spec.sha1, base->obj->idx.sha1);
-		find_delta_children(&base_spec,
-				    &base->ref_first, &base->ref_last, OBJ_REF_DELTA);
-
-		memset(&base_spec, 0, sizeof(base_spec));
-		base_spec.offset = base->obj->idx.offset;
-		find_delta_children(&base_spec,
-				    &base->ofs_first, &base->ofs_last, OBJ_OFS_DELTA);
+		find_ofs_delta_children(base->obj->idx.offset,
+					&base->ofs_first, &base->ofs_last,
+					OBJ_OFS_DELTA);
 
 		if (base->ref_last == -1 && base->ofs_last == -1) {
 			free(base->data);
@@ -941,12 +1014,12 @@ static struct base_data *find_unresolved_deltas_1(struct base_data *base,
 	}
 
 	if (base->ref_first <= base->ref_last) {
-		struct object_entry *child = objects + deltas[base->ref_first].obj_no;
+		struct object_entry *child = objects + ref_deltas[base->ref_first].obj_no;
 		struct base_data *result = alloc_base_data();
 
 		if (!compare_and_swap_type(&child->real_type, OBJ_REF_DELTA,
 					   base->obj->real_type))
-			die("BUG: child->real_type != OBJ_REF_DELTA");
+			BUG("child->real_type != OBJ_REF_DELTA");
 
 		resolve_delta(child, base, result);
 		if (base->ref_first == base->ref_last && base->ofs_last == -1)
@@ -957,7 +1030,7 @@ static struct base_data *find_unresolved_deltas_1(struct base_data *base,
 	}
 
 	if (base->ofs_first <= base->ofs_last) {
-		struct object_entry *child = objects + deltas[base->ofs_first].obj_no;
+		struct object_entry *child = objects + ofs_deltas[base->ofs_first].obj_no;
 		struct base_data *result = alloc_base_data();
 
 		assert(child->real_type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA);
@@ -993,15 +1066,22 @@ static void find_unresolved_deltas(struct base_data *base)
 	}
 }
 
-static int compare_delta_entry(const void *a, const void *b)
+static int compare_ofs_delta_entry(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	const struct ofs_delta_entry *delta_a = a;
+	const struct ofs_delta_entry *delta_b = b;
+
+	return delta_a->offset < delta_b->offset ? -1 :
+	       delta_a->offset > delta_b->offset ?  1 :
+	       0;
+}
+
+static int compare_ref_delta_entry(const void *a, const void *b)
 {
-	const struct delta_entry *delta_a = a;
-	const struct delta_entry *delta_b = b;
+	const struct ref_delta_entry *delta_a = a;
+	const struct ref_delta_entry *delta_b = b;
 
-	/* group by type (ref vs ofs) and then by value (sha-1 or offset) */
-	return compare_delta_bases(&delta_a->base, &delta_b->base,
-				   objects[delta_a->obj_no].type,
-				   objects[delta_b->obj_no].type);
+	return oidcmp(&delta_a->oid, &delta_b->oid);
 }
 
 static void resolve_base(struct object_entry *obj)
@@ -1044,10 +1124,11 @@ static void *threaded_second_pass(void *data)
  * - calculate SHA1 of all non-delta objects;
  * - remember base (SHA1 or offset) for all deltas.
  */
-static void parse_pack_objects(unsigned char *sha1)
+static void parse_pack_objects(unsigned char *hash)
 {
 	int i, nr_delays = 0;
-	struct delta_entry *delta = deltas;
+	struct ofs_delta_entry *ofs_delta = ofs_deltas;
+	struct object_id ref_delta_oid;
 	struct stat st;
 
 	if (verbose)
@@ -1056,18 +1137,26 @@ static void parse_pack_objects(unsigned char *sha1)
 				nr_objects);
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 		struct object_entry *obj = &objects[i];
-		void *data = unpack_raw_entry(obj, &delta->base, obj->idx.sha1);
+		void *data = unpack_raw_entry(obj, &ofs_delta->offset,
+					      &ref_delta_oid,
+					      &obj->idx.oid);
 		obj->real_type = obj->type;
-		if (is_delta_type(obj->type)) {
-			nr_deltas++;
-			delta->obj_no = i;
-			delta++;
+		if (obj->type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
+			nr_ofs_deltas++;
+			ofs_delta->obj_no = i;
+			ofs_delta++;
+		} else if (obj->type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+			ALLOC_GROW(ref_deltas, nr_ref_deltas + 1, ref_deltas_alloc);
+			oidcpy(&ref_deltas[nr_ref_deltas].oid, &ref_delta_oid);
+			ref_deltas[nr_ref_deltas].obj_no = i;
+			nr_ref_deltas++;
 		} else if (!data) {
 			/* large blobs, check later */
 			obj->real_type = OBJ_BAD;
 			nr_delays++;
 		} else
-			sha1_object(data, NULL, obj->size, obj->type, obj->idx.sha1);
+			sha1_object(data, NULL, obj->size, obj->type,
+				    &obj->idx.oid);
 		free(data);
 		display_progress(progress, i+1);
 	}
@@ -1076,10 +1165,10 @@ static void parse_pack_objects(unsigned char *sha1)
 
 	/* Check pack integrity */
 	flush();
-	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &input_ctx);
-	if (hashcmp(fill(20), sha1))
+	the_hash_algo->final_fn(hash, &input_ctx);
+	if (hashcmp(fill(the_hash_algo->rawsz), hash))
 		die(_("pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"));
-	use(20);
+	use(the_hash_algo->rawsz);
 
 	/* If input_fd is a file, we should have reached its end now. */
 	if (fstat(input_fd, &st))
@@ -1093,7 +1182,8 @@ static void parse_pack_objects(unsigned char *sha1)
 		if (obj->real_type != OBJ_BAD)
 			continue;
 		obj->real_type = obj->type;
-		sha1_object(NULL, obj, obj->size, obj->type, obj->idx.sha1);
+		sha1_object(NULL, obj, obj->size, obj->type,
+			    &obj->idx.oid);
 		nr_delays--;
 	}
 	if (nr_delays)
@@ -1112,15 +1202,16 @@ static void resolve_deltas(void)
 {
 	int i;
 
-	if (!nr_deltas)
+	if (!nr_ofs_deltas && !nr_ref_deltas)
 		return;
 
 	/* Sort deltas by base SHA1/offset for fast searching */
-	qsort(deltas, nr_deltas, sizeof(struct delta_entry),
-	      compare_delta_entry);
+	QSORT(ofs_deltas, nr_ofs_deltas, compare_ofs_delta_entry);
+	QSORT(ref_deltas, nr_ref_deltas, compare_ref_delta_entry);
 
-	if (verbose)
-		progress = start_progress(_("Resolving deltas"), nr_deltas);
+	if (verbose || show_resolving_progress)
+		progress = start_progress(_("Resolving deltas"),
+					  nr_ref_deltas + nr_ofs_deltas);
 
 #ifndef NO_PTHREADS
 	nr_dispatched = 0;
@@ -1153,52 +1244,54 @@ static void resolve_deltas(void)
 /*
  * Third pass:
  * - append objects to convert thin pack to full pack if required
- * - write the final 20-byte SHA-1
+ * - write the final pack hash
  */
-static void fix_unresolved_deltas(struct sha1file *f, int nr_unresolved);
-static void conclude_pack(int fix_thin_pack, const char *curr_pack, unsigned char *pack_sha1)
+static void fix_unresolved_deltas(struct hashfile *f);
+static void conclude_pack(int fix_thin_pack, const char *curr_pack, unsigned char *pack_hash)
 {
-	if (nr_deltas == nr_resolved_deltas) {
+	if (nr_ref_deltas + nr_ofs_deltas == nr_resolved_deltas) {
 		stop_progress(&progress);
-		/* Flush remaining pack final 20-byte SHA1. */
+		/* Flush remaining pack final hash. */
 		flush();
 		return;
 	}
 
 	if (fix_thin_pack) {
-		struct sha1file *f;
-		unsigned char read_sha1[20], tail_sha1[20];
+		struct hashfile *f;
+		unsigned char read_hash[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ], tail_hash[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
 		struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
-		int nr_unresolved = nr_deltas - nr_resolved_deltas;
+		int nr_unresolved = nr_ofs_deltas + nr_ref_deltas - nr_resolved_deltas;
 		int nr_objects_initial = nr_objects;
 		if (nr_unresolved <= 0)
 			die(_("confusion beyond insanity"));
 		REALLOC_ARRAY(objects, nr_objects + nr_unresolved + 1);
 		memset(objects + nr_objects + 1, 0,
 		       nr_unresolved * sizeof(*objects));
-		f = sha1fd(output_fd, curr_pack);
-		fix_unresolved_deltas(f, nr_unresolved);
-		strbuf_addf(&msg, _("completed with %d local objects"),
+		f = hashfd(output_fd, curr_pack);
+		fix_unresolved_deltas(f);
+		strbuf_addf(&msg, Q_("completed with %d local object",
+				     "completed with %d local objects",
+				     nr_objects - nr_objects_initial),
 			    nr_objects - nr_objects_initial);
 		stop_progress_msg(&progress, msg.buf);
 		strbuf_release(&msg);
-		sha1close(f, tail_sha1, 0);
-		hashcpy(read_sha1, pack_sha1);
-		fixup_pack_header_footer(output_fd, pack_sha1,
+		finalize_hashfile(f, tail_hash, 0);
+		hashcpy(read_hash, pack_hash);
+		fixup_pack_header_footer(output_fd, pack_hash,
 					 curr_pack, nr_objects,
-					 read_sha1, consumed_bytes-20);
-		if (hashcmp(read_sha1, tail_sha1) != 0)
+					 read_hash, consumed_bytes-the_hash_algo->rawsz);
+		if (hashcmp(read_hash, tail_hash) != 0)
 			die(_("Unexpected tail checksum for %s "
 			      "(disk corruption?)"), curr_pack);
 	}
-	if (nr_deltas != nr_resolved_deltas)
+	if (nr_ofs_deltas + nr_ref_deltas != nr_resolved_deltas)
 		die(Q_("pack has %d unresolved delta",
 		       "pack has %d unresolved deltas",
-		       nr_deltas - nr_resolved_deltas),
-		    nr_deltas - nr_resolved_deltas);
+		       nr_ofs_deltas + nr_ref_deltas - nr_resolved_deltas),
+		    nr_ofs_deltas + nr_ref_deltas - nr_resolved_deltas);
 }
 
-static int write_compressed(struct sha1file *f, void *in, unsigned int size)
+static int write_compressed(struct hashfile *f, void *in, unsigned int size)
 {
 	git_zstream stream;
 	int status;
@@ -1212,7 +1305,7 @@ static int write_compressed(struct sha1file *f, void *in, unsigned int size)
 		stream.next_out = outbuf;
 		stream.avail_out = sizeof(outbuf);
 		status = git_deflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
-		sha1write(f, outbuf, sizeof(outbuf) - stream.avail_out);
+		hashwrite(f, outbuf, sizeof(outbuf) - stream.avail_out);
 	} while (status == Z_OK);
 
 	if (status != Z_STREAM_END)
@@ -1222,7 +1315,7 @@ static int write_compressed(struct sha1file *f, void *in, unsigned int size)
 	return size;
 }
 
-static struct object_entry *append_obj_to_pack(struct sha1file *f,
+static struct object_entry *append_obj_to_pack(struct hashfile *f,
 			       const unsigned char *sha1, void *buf,
 			       unsigned long size, enum object_type type)
 {
@@ -1239,7 +1332,7 @@ static struct object_entry *append_obj_to_pack(struct sha1file *f,
 	}
 	header[n++] = c;
 	crc32_begin(f);
-	sha1write(f, header, n);
+	hashwrite(f, header, n);
 	obj[0].size = size;
 	obj[0].hdr_size = n;
 	obj[0].type = type;
@@ -1247,22 +1340,22 @@ static struct object_entry *append_obj_to_pack(struct sha1file *f,
 	obj[1].idx.offset = obj[0].idx.offset + n;
 	obj[1].idx.offset += write_compressed(f, buf, size);
 	obj[0].idx.crc32 = crc32_end(f);
-	sha1flush(f);
-	hashcpy(obj->idx.sha1, sha1);
+	hashflush(f);
+	hashcpy(obj->idx.oid.hash, sha1);
 	return obj;
 }
 
 static int delta_pos_compare(const void *_a, const void *_b)
 {
-	struct delta_entry *a = *(struct delta_entry **)_a;
-	struct delta_entry *b = *(struct delta_entry **)_b;
+	struct ref_delta_entry *a = *(struct ref_delta_entry **)_a;
+	struct ref_delta_entry *b = *(struct ref_delta_entry **)_b;
 	return a->obj_no - b->obj_no;
 }
 
-static void fix_unresolved_deltas(struct sha1file *f, int nr_unresolved)
+static void fix_unresolved_deltas(struct hashfile *f)
 {
-	struct delta_entry **sorted_by_pos;
-	int i, n = 0;
+	struct ref_delta_entry **sorted_by_pos;
+	int i;
 
 	/*
 	 * Since many unresolved deltas may well be themselves base objects
@@ -1274,29 +1367,27 @@ static void fix_unresolved_deltas(struct sha1file *f, int nr_unresolved)
 	 * before deltas depending on them, a good heuristic is to start
 	 * resolving deltas in the same order as their position in the pack.
 	 */
-	sorted_by_pos = xmalloc(nr_unresolved * sizeof(*sorted_by_pos));
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_deltas; i++) {
-		if (objects[deltas[i].obj_no].real_type != OBJ_REF_DELTA)
-			continue;
-		sorted_by_pos[n++] = &deltas[i];
-	}
-	qsort(sorted_by_pos, n, sizeof(*sorted_by_pos), delta_pos_compare);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(sorted_by_pos, nr_ref_deltas);
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_ref_deltas; i++)
+		sorted_by_pos[i] = &ref_deltas[i];
+	QSORT(sorted_by_pos, nr_ref_deltas, delta_pos_compare);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-		struct delta_entry *d = sorted_by_pos[i];
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_ref_deltas; i++) {
+		struct ref_delta_entry *d = sorted_by_pos[i];
 		enum object_type type;
 		struct base_data *base_obj = alloc_base_data();
 
 		if (objects[d->obj_no].real_type != OBJ_REF_DELTA)
 			continue;
-		base_obj->data = read_sha1_file(d->base.sha1, &type, &base_obj->size);
+		base_obj->data = read_object_file(&d->oid, &type,
+						  &base_obj->size);
 		if (!base_obj->data)
 			continue;
 
-		if (check_sha1_signature(d->base.sha1, base_obj->data,
-				base_obj->size, typename(type)))
-			die(_("local object %s is corrupt"), sha1_to_hex(d->base.sha1));
-		base_obj->obj = append_obj_to_pack(f, d->base.sha1,
+		if (check_object_signature(&d->oid, base_obj->data,
+				base_obj->size, type_name(type)))
+			die(_("local object %s is corrupt"), oid_to_hex(&d->oid));
+		base_obj->obj = append_obj_to_pack(f, d->oid.hash,
 					base_obj->data, base_obj->size, type);
 		find_unresolved_deltas(base_obj);
 		display_progress(progress, nr_resolved_deltas);
@@ -1304,13 +1395,60 @@ static void fix_unresolved_deltas(struct sha1file *f, int nr_unresolved)
 	free(sorted_by_pos);
 }
 
+static const char *derive_filename(const char *pack_name, const char *suffix,
+				   struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	size_t len;
+	if (!strip_suffix(pack_name, ".pack", &len))
+		die(_("packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"),
+		    pack_name);
+	strbuf_add(buf, pack_name, len);
+	strbuf_addch(buf, '.');
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, suffix);
+	return buf->buf;
+}
+
+static void write_special_file(const char *suffix, const char *msg,
+			       const char *pack_name, const unsigned char *hash,
+			       const char **report)
+{
+	struct strbuf name_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *filename;
+	int fd;
+	int msg_len = strlen(msg);
+
+	if (pack_name)
+		filename = derive_filename(pack_name, suffix, &name_buf);
+	else
+		filename = odb_pack_name(&name_buf, hash, suffix);
+
+	fd = odb_pack_keep(filename);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		if (errno != EEXIST)
+			die_errno(_("cannot write %s file '%s'"),
+				  suffix, filename);
+	} else {
+		if (msg_len > 0) {
+			write_or_die(fd, msg, msg_len);
+			write_or_die(fd, "\n", 1);
+		}
+		if (close(fd) != 0)
+			die_errno(_("cannot close written %s file '%s'"),
+				  suffix, filename);
+		if (report)
+			*report = suffix;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&name_buf);
+}
+
 static void final(const char *final_pack_name, const char *curr_pack_name,
 		  const char *final_index_name, const char *curr_index_name,
-		  const char *keep_name, const char *keep_msg,
-		  unsigned char *sha1)
+		  const char *keep_msg, const char *promisor_msg,
+		  unsigned char *hash)
 {
 	const char *report = "pack";
-	char name[PATH_MAX];
+	struct strbuf pack_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf index_name = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int err;
 
 	if (!from_stdin) {
@@ -1322,59 +1460,44 @@ static void final(const char *final_pack_name, const char *curr_pack_name,
 			die_errno(_("error while closing pack file"));
 	}
 
-	if (keep_msg) {
-		int keep_fd, keep_msg_len = strlen(keep_msg);
-
-		if (!keep_name)
-			keep_fd = odb_pack_keep(name, sizeof(name), sha1);
-		else
-			keep_fd = open(keep_name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
-
-		if (keep_fd < 0) {
-			if (errno != EEXIST)
-				die_errno(_("cannot write keep file '%s'"),
-					  keep_name ? keep_name : name);
-		} else {
-			if (keep_msg_len > 0) {
-				write_or_die(keep_fd, keep_msg, keep_msg_len);
-				write_or_die(keep_fd, "\n", 1);
-			}
-			if (close(keep_fd) != 0)
-				die_errno(_("cannot close written keep file '%s'"),
-					  keep_name ? keep_name : name);
-			report = "keep";
-		}
-	}
+	if (keep_msg)
+		write_special_file("keep", keep_msg, final_pack_name, hash,
+				   &report);
+	if (promisor_msg)
+		write_special_file("promisor", promisor_msg, final_pack_name,
+				   hash, NULL);
 
 	if (final_pack_name != curr_pack_name) {
-		if (!final_pack_name) {
-			snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/pack/pack-%s.pack",
-				 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-			final_pack_name = name;
-		}
-		if (move_temp_to_file(curr_pack_name, final_pack_name))
+		if (!final_pack_name)
+			final_pack_name = odb_pack_name(&pack_name, hash, "pack");
+		if (finalize_object_file(curr_pack_name, final_pack_name))
 			die(_("cannot store pack file"));
 	} else if (from_stdin)
 		chmod(final_pack_name, 0444);
 
 	if (final_index_name != curr_index_name) {
-		if (!final_index_name) {
-			snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/pack/pack-%s.idx",
-				 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-			final_index_name = name;
-		}
-		if (move_temp_to_file(curr_index_name, final_index_name))
+		if (!final_index_name)
+			final_index_name = odb_pack_name(&index_name, hash, "idx");
+		if (finalize_object_file(curr_index_name, final_index_name))
 			die(_("cannot store index file"));
 	} else
 		chmod(final_index_name, 0444);
 
+	if (do_fsck_object) {
+		struct packed_git *p;
+		p = add_packed_git(final_index_name, strlen(final_index_name), 0);
+		if (p)
+			install_packed_git(the_repository, p);
+	}
+
 	if (!from_stdin) {
-		printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(hash));
 	} else {
-		char buf[48];
-		int len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s\t%s\n",
-				   report, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		write_or_die(1, buf, len);
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\t%s\n", report, sha1_to_hex(hash));
+		write_or_die(1, buf.buf, buf.len);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
 
 		/*
 		 * Let's just mimic git-unpack-objects here and write
@@ -1388,6 +1511,9 @@ static void final(const char *final_pack_name, const char *curr_pack_name,
 			input_offset += err;
 		}
 	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&index_name);
+	strbuf_release(&pack_name);
 }
 
 static int git_index_pack_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
@@ -1428,12 +1554,13 @@ static void read_v2_anomalous_offsets(struct packed_git *p,
 {
 	const uint32_t *idx1, *idx2;
 	uint32_t i;
+	const uint32_t hashwords = the_hash_algo->rawsz / sizeof(uint32_t);
 
 	/* The address of the 4-byte offset table */
 	idx1 = (((const uint32_t *)p->index_data)
 		+ 2 /* 8-byte header */
 		+ 256 /* fan out */
-		+ 5 * p->num_objects /* 20-byte SHA-1 table */
+		+ hashwords * p->num_objects /* object ID table */
 		+ p->num_objects /* CRC32 table */
 		);
 
@@ -1445,6 +1572,7 @@ static void read_v2_anomalous_offsets(struct packed_git *p,
 		if (!(off & 0x80000000))
 			continue;
 		off = off & 0x7fffffff;
+		check_pack_index_ptr(p, &idx2[off * 2]);
 		if (idx2[off * 2])
 			continue;
 		/*
@@ -1456,8 +1584,7 @@ static void read_v2_anomalous_offsets(struct packed_git *p,
 		opts->anomaly[opts->anomaly_nr++] = ntohl(idx2[off * 2 + 1]);
 	}
 
-	if (1 < opts->anomaly_nr)
-		qsort(opts->anomaly, opts->anomaly_nr, sizeof(uint32_t), cmp_uint32);
+	QSORT(opts->anomaly, opts->anomaly_nr, cmp_uint32);
 }
 
 static void read_idx_option(struct pack_idx_option *opts, const char *pack_name)
@@ -1478,7 +1605,7 @@ static void read_idx_option(struct pack_idx_option *opts, const char *pack_name)
 	/*
 	 * Get rid of the idx file as we do not need it anymore.
 	 * NEEDSWORK: extract this bit from free_pack_by_name() in
-	 * sha1_file.c, perhaps?  It shouldn't matter very much as we
+	 * sha1-file.c, perhaps?  It shouldn't matter very much as we
 	 * know we haven't installed this pack (hence we never have
 	 * read anything from it).
 	 */
@@ -1488,7 +1615,7 @@ static void read_idx_option(struct pack_idx_option *opts, const char *pack_name)
 
 static void show_pack_info(int stat_only)
 {
-	int i, baseobjects = nr_objects - nr_deltas;
+	int i, baseobjects = nr_objects - nr_ref_deltas - nr_ofs_deltas;
 	unsigned long *chain_histogram = NULL;
 
 	if (deepest_delta)
@@ -1498,17 +1625,18 @@ static void show_pack_info(int stat_only)
 		struct object_entry *obj = &objects[i];
 
 		if (is_delta_type(obj->type))
-			chain_histogram[obj->delta_depth - 1]++;
+			chain_histogram[obj_stat[i].delta_depth - 1]++;
 		if (stat_only)
 			continue;
 		printf("%s %-6s %lu %lu %"PRIuMAX,
-		       sha1_to_hex(obj->idx.sha1),
-		       typename(obj->real_type), obj->size,
+		       oid_to_hex(&obj->idx.oid),
+		       type_name(obj->real_type), obj->size,
 		       (unsigned long)(obj[1].idx.offset - obj->idx.offset),
 		       (uintmax_t)obj->idx.offset);
 		if (is_delta_type(obj->type)) {
-			struct object_entry *bobj = &objects[obj->base_object_no];
-			printf(" %u %s", obj->delta_depth, sha1_to_hex(bobj->idx.sha1));
+			struct object_entry *bobj = &objects[obj_stat[i].base_object_no];
+			printf(" %u %s", obj_stat[i].delta_depth,
+			       oid_to_hex(&bobj->idx.oid));
 		}
 		putchar('\n');
 	}
@@ -1534,18 +1662,26 @@ int cmd_index_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int i, fix_thin_pack = 0, verify = 0, stat_only = 0;
 	const char *curr_index;
 	const char *index_name = NULL, *pack_name = NULL;
-	const char *keep_name = NULL, *keep_msg = NULL;
-	struct strbuf index_name_buf = STRBUF_INIT,
-		      keep_name_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *keep_msg = NULL;
+	const char *promisor_msg = NULL;
+	struct strbuf index_name_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct pack_idx_entry **idx_objects;
 	struct pack_idx_option opts;
-	unsigned char pack_sha1[20];
+	unsigned char pack_hash[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
 	unsigned foreign_nr = 1;	/* zero is a "good" value, assume bad */
+	int report_end_of_input = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * index-pack never needs to fetch missing objects, since it only
+	 * accesses the repo to do hash collision checks
+	 */
+	fetch_if_missing = 0;
 
 	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 		usage(index_pack_usage);
 
-	check_replace_refs = 0;
+	read_replace_refs = 0;
+	fsck_options.walk = mark_link;
 
 	reset_pack_idx_option(&opts);
 	git_config(git_index_pack_config, &opts);
@@ -1560,12 +1696,15 @@ int cmd_index_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				from_stdin = 1;
 			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--fix-thin")) {
 				fix_thin_pack = 1;
-			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--strict")) {
+			} else if (skip_to_optional_arg(arg, "--strict", &arg)) {
 				strict = 1;
 				do_fsck_object = 1;
+				fsck_set_msg_types(&fsck_options, arg);
 			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--check-self-contained-and-connected")) {
 				strict = 1;
 				check_self_contained_and_connected = 1;
+			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--fsck-objects")) {
+				do_fsck_object = 1;
 			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--verify")) {
 				verify = 1;
 			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--verify-stat")) {
@@ -1575,10 +1714,10 @@ int cmd_index_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				verify = 1;
 				show_stat = 1;
 				stat_only = 1;
-			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--keep")) {
-				keep_msg = "";
-			} else if (starts_with(arg, "--keep=")) {
-				keep_msg = arg + 7;
+			} else if (skip_to_optional_arg(arg, "--keep", &keep_msg)) {
+				; /* nothing to do */
+			} else if (skip_to_optional_arg(arg, "--promisor", &promisor_msg)) {
+				; /* already parsed */
 			} else if (starts_with(arg, "--threads=")) {
 				char *end;
 				nr_threads = strtoul(arg+10, &end, 0);
@@ -1605,6 +1744,10 @@ int cmd_index_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				input_len = sizeof(*hdr);
 			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-v")) {
 				verbose = 1;
+			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--show-resolving-progress")) {
+				show_resolving_progress = 1;
+			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--report-end-of-input")) {
+				report_end_of_input = 1;
 			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-o")) {
 				if (index_name || (i+1) >= argc)
 					usage(index_pack_usage);
@@ -1618,6 +1761,8 @@ int cmd_index_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 					opts.off32_limit = strtoul(c+1, &c, 0);
 				if (*c || opts.off32_limit & 0x80000000)
 					die(_("bad %s"), arg);
+			} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--max-input-size=", &arg)) {
+				max_input_size = strtoumax(arg, NULL, 10);
 			} else
 				usage(index_pack_usage);
 			continue;
@@ -1632,24 +1777,11 @@ int cmd_index_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		usage(index_pack_usage);
 	if (fix_thin_pack && !from_stdin)
 		die(_("--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"));
-	if (!index_name && pack_name) {
-		size_t len;
-		if (!strip_suffix(pack_name, ".pack", &len))
-			die(_("packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"),
-			    pack_name);
-		strbuf_add(&index_name_buf, pack_name, len);
-		strbuf_addstr(&index_name_buf, ".idx");
-		index_name = index_name_buf.buf;
-	}
-	if (keep_msg && !keep_name && pack_name) {
-		size_t len;
-		if (!strip_suffix(pack_name, ".pack", &len))
-			die(_("packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"),
-			    pack_name);
-		strbuf_add(&keep_name_buf, pack_name, len);
-		strbuf_addstr(&keep_name_buf, ".idx");
-		keep_name = keep_name_buf.buf;
-	}
+	if (from_stdin && !startup_info->have_repository)
+		die(_("--stdin requires a git repository"));
+	if (!index_name && pack_name)
+		index_name = derive_filename(pack_name, "idx", &index_name_buf);
+
 	if (verify) {
 		if (!index_name)
 			die(_("--verify with no packfile name given"));
@@ -1670,34 +1802,42 @@ int cmd_index_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	curr_pack = open_pack_file(pack_name);
 	parse_pack_header();
-	objects = xcalloc(nr_objects + 1, sizeof(struct object_entry));
-	deltas = xcalloc(nr_objects, sizeof(struct delta_entry));
-	parse_pack_objects(pack_sha1);
+	objects = xcalloc(st_add(nr_objects, 1), sizeof(struct object_entry));
+	if (show_stat)
+		obj_stat = xcalloc(st_add(nr_objects, 1), sizeof(struct object_stat));
+	ofs_deltas = xcalloc(nr_objects, sizeof(struct ofs_delta_entry));
+	parse_pack_objects(pack_hash);
+	if (report_end_of_input)
+		write_in_full(2, "\0", 1);
 	resolve_deltas();
-	conclude_pack(fix_thin_pack, curr_pack, pack_sha1);
-	free(deltas);
+	conclude_pack(fix_thin_pack, curr_pack, pack_hash);
+	free(ofs_deltas);
+	free(ref_deltas);
 	if (strict)
 		foreign_nr = check_objects();
 
 	if (show_stat)
 		show_pack_info(stat_only);
 
-	idx_objects = xmalloc((nr_objects) * sizeof(struct pack_idx_entry *));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(idx_objects, nr_objects);
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++)
 		idx_objects[i] = &objects[i].idx;
-	curr_index = write_idx_file(index_name, idx_objects, nr_objects, &opts, pack_sha1);
+	curr_index = write_idx_file(index_name, idx_objects, nr_objects, &opts, pack_hash);
 	free(idx_objects);
 
 	if (!verify)
 		final(pack_name, curr_pack,
 		      index_name, curr_index,
-		      keep_name, keep_msg,
-		      pack_sha1);
+		      keep_msg, promisor_msg,
+		      pack_hash);
 	else
 		close(input_fd);
+
+	if (do_fsck_object && fsck_finish(&fsck_options))
+		die(_("fsck error in pack objects"));
+
 	free(objects);
 	strbuf_release(&index_name_buf);
-	strbuf_release(&keep_name_buf);
 	if (pack_name == NULL)
 		free((void *) curr_pack);
 	if (index_name == NULL)
diff --git a/builtin/init-db.c b/builtin/init-db.c
index 6723d39c3b..12ddda7e7b 100644
--- a/builtin/init-db.c
+++ b/builtin/init-db.c
@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "refs.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 #ifndef DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR
@@ -21,24 +23,12 @@
 static int init_is_bare_repository = 0;
 static int init_shared_repository = -1;
 static const char *init_db_template_dir;
-static const char *git_link;
 
-static void safe_create_dir(const char *dir, int share)
-{
-	if (mkdir(dir, 0777) < 0) {
-		if (errno != EEXIST) {
-			perror(dir);
-			exit(1);
-		}
-	}
-	else if (share && adjust_shared_perm(dir))
-		die(_("Could not make %s writable by group"), dir);
-}
-
-static void copy_templates_1(char *path, int baselen,
-			     char *template, int template_baselen,
+static void copy_templates_1(struct strbuf *path, struct strbuf *template_path,
 			     DIR *dir)
 {
+	size_t path_baselen = path->len;
+	size_t template_baselen = template_path->len;
 	struct dirent *de;
 
 	/* Note: if ".git/hooks" file exists in the repository being
@@ -48,77 +38,67 @@ static void copy_templates_1(char *path, int baselen,
 	 * with the way the namespace under .git/ is organized, should
 	 * be really carefully chosen.
 	 */
-	safe_create_dir(path, 1);
+	safe_create_dir(path->buf, 1);
 	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
 		struct stat st_git, st_template;
-		int namelen;
 		int exists = 0;
 
+		strbuf_setlen(path, path_baselen);
+		strbuf_setlen(template_path, template_baselen);
+
 		if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
 			continue;
-		namelen = strlen(de->d_name);
-		if ((PATH_MAX <= baselen + namelen) ||
-		    (PATH_MAX <= template_baselen + namelen))
-			die(_("insanely long template name %s"), de->d_name);
-		memcpy(path + baselen, de->d_name, namelen+1);
-		memcpy(template + template_baselen, de->d_name, namelen+1);
-		if (lstat(path, &st_git)) {
+		strbuf_addstr(path, de->d_name);
+		strbuf_addstr(template_path, de->d_name);
+		if (lstat(path->buf, &st_git)) {
 			if (errno != ENOENT)
-				die_errno(_("cannot stat '%s'"), path);
+				die_errno(_("cannot stat '%s'"), path->buf);
 		}
 		else
 			exists = 1;
 
-		if (lstat(template, &st_template))
-			die_errno(_("cannot stat template '%s'"), template);
+		if (lstat(template_path->buf, &st_template))
+			die_errno(_("cannot stat template '%s'"), template_path->buf);
 
 		if (S_ISDIR(st_template.st_mode)) {
-			DIR *subdir = opendir(template);
-			int baselen_sub = baselen + namelen;
-			int template_baselen_sub = template_baselen + namelen;
+			DIR *subdir = opendir(template_path->buf);
 			if (!subdir)
-				die_errno(_("cannot opendir '%s'"), template);
-			path[baselen_sub++] =
-				template[template_baselen_sub++] = '/';
-			path[baselen_sub] =
-				template[template_baselen_sub] = 0;
-			copy_templates_1(path, baselen_sub,
-					 template, template_baselen_sub,
-					 subdir);
+				die_errno(_("cannot opendir '%s'"), template_path->buf);
+			strbuf_addch(path, '/');
+			strbuf_addch(template_path, '/');
+			copy_templates_1(path, template_path, subdir);
 			closedir(subdir);
 		}
 		else if (exists)
 			continue;
 		else if (S_ISLNK(st_template.st_mode)) {
-			char lnk[256];
-			int len;
-			len = readlink(template, lnk, sizeof(lnk));
-			if (len < 0)
-				die_errno(_("cannot readlink '%s'"), template);
-			if (sizeof(lnk) <= len)
-				die(_("insanely long symlink %s"), template);
-			lnk[len] = 0;
-			if (symlink(lnk, path))
-				die_errno(_("cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"), lnk, path);
+			struct strbuf lnk = STRBUF_INIT;
+			if (strbuf_readlink(&lnk, template_path->buf,
+					    st_template.st_size) < 0)
+				die_errno(_("cannot readlink '%s'"), template_path->buf);
+			if (symlink(lnk.buf, path->buf))
+				die_errno(_("cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"),
+					  lnk.buf, path->buf);
+			strbuf_release(&lnk);
 		}
 		else if (S_ISREG(st_template.st_mode)) {
-			if (copy_file(path, template, st_template.st_mode))
-				die_errno(_("cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"), template,
-					  path);
+			if (copy_file(path->buf, template_path->buf, st_template.st_mode))
+				die_errno(_("cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"),
+					  template_path->buf, path->buf);
 		}
 		else
-			error(_("ignoring template %s"), template);
+			error(_("ignoring template %s"), template_path->buf);
 	}
 }
 
 static void copy_templates(const char *template_dir)
 {
-	char path[PATH_MAX];
-	char template_path[PATH_MAX];
-	int template_len;
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf template_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t template_len;
+	struct repository_format template_format;
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 	DIR *dir;
-	const char *git_dir = get_git_dir();
-	int len = strlen(git_dir);
 	char *to_free = NULL;
 
 	if (!template_dir)
@@ -131,47 +111,43 @@ static void copy_templates(const char *template_dir)
 		free(to_free);
 		return;
 	}
-	template_len = strlen(template_dir);
-	if (PATH_MAX <= (template_len+strlen("/config")))
-		die(_("insanely long template path %s"), template_dir);
-	strcpy(template_path, template_dir);
-	if (template_path[template_len-1] != '/') {
-		template_path[template_len++] = '/';
-		template_path[template_len] = 0;
-	}
-	dir = opendir(template_path);
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&template_path, template_dir);
+	strbuf_complete(&template_path, '/');
+	template_len = template_path.len;
+
+	dir = opendir(template_path.buf);
 	if (!dir) {
-		warning(_("templates not found %s"), template_dir);
+		warning(_("templates not found in %s"), template_dir);
 		goto free_return;
 	}
 
 	/* Make sure that template is from the correct vintage */
-	strcpy(template_path + template_len, "config");
-	repository_format_version = 0;
-	git_config_from_file(check_repository_format_version,
-			     template_path, NULL);
-	template_path[template_len] = 0;
-
-	if (repository_format_version &&
-	    repository_format_version != GIT_REPO_VERSION) {
-		warning(_("not copying templates of "
-			"a wrong format version %d from '%s'"),
-			repository_format_version,
-			template_dir);
+	strbuf_addstr(&template_path, "config");
+	read_repository_format(&template_format, template_path.buf);
+	strbuf_setlen(&template_path, template_len);
+
+	/*
+	 * No mention of version at all is OK, but anything else should be
+	 * verified.
+	 */
+	if (template_format.version >= 0 &&
+	    verify_repository_format(&template_format, &err) < 0) {
+		warning(_("not copying templates from '%s': %s"),
+			  template_dir, err.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&err);
 		goto close_free_return;
 	}
 
-	memcpy(path, git_dir, len);
-	if (len && path[len - 1] != '/')
-		path[len++] = '/';
-	path[len] = 0;
-	copy_templates_1(path, len,
-			 template_path, template_len,
-			 dir);
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, get_git_common_dir());
+	strbuf_complete(&path, '/');
+	copy_templates_1(&path, &template_path, dir);
 close_free_return:
 	closedir(dir);
 free_return:
 	free(to_free);
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+	strbuf_release(&template_path);
 }
 
 static int git_init_db_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
@@ -182,63 +158,80 @@ static int git_init_db_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int create_default_files(const char *template_path)
+/*
+ * If the git_dir is not directly inside the working tree, then git will not
+ * find it by default, and we need to set the worktree explicitly.
+ */
+static int needs_work_tree_config(const char *git_dir, const char *work_tree)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(work_tree, "/") && !strcmp(git_dir, "/.git"))
+		return 0;
+	if (skip_prefix(git_dir, work_tree, &git_dir) &&
+	    !strcmp(git_dir, "/.git"))
+		return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int create_default_files(const char *template_path,
+				const char *original_git_dir)
 {
-	const char *git_dir = get_git_dir();
-	unsigned len = strlen(git_dir);
-	static char path[PATH_MAX];
 	struct stat st1;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *path;
 	char repo_version_string[10];
 	char junk[2];
 	int reinit;
 	int filemode;
-
-	if (len > sizeof(path)-50)
-		die(_("insane git directory %s"), git_dir);
-	memcpy(path, git_dir, len);
-
-	if (len && path[len-1] != '/')
-		path[len++] = '/';
-
-	/*
-	 * Create .git/refs/{heads,tags}
-	 */
-	safe_create_dir(git_path("refs"), 1);
-	safe_create_dir(git_path("refs/heads"), 1);
-	safe_create_dir(git_path("refs/tags"), 1);
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	/* Just look for `init.templatedir` */
 	git_config(git_init_db_config, NULL);
 
-	/* First copy the templates -- we might have the default
+	/*
+	 * First copy the templates -- we might have the default
 	 * config file there, in which case we would want to read
 	 * from it after installing.
+	 *
+	 * Before reading that config, we also need to clear out any cached
+	 * values (since we've just potentially changed what's available on
+	 * disk).
 	 */
 	copy_templates(template_path);
-
+	git_config_clear();
+	reset_shared_repository();
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
-	is_bare_repository_cfg = init_is_bare_repository;
 
-	/* reading existing config may have overwrote it */
+	/*
+	 * We must make sure command-line options continue to override any
+	 * values we might have just re-read from the config.
+	 */
+	is_bare_repository_cfg = init_is_bare_repository;
 	if (init_shared_repository != -1)
-		shared_repository = init_shared_repository;
+		set_shared_repository(init_shared_repository);
 
 	/*
 	 * We would have created the above under user's umask -- under
 	 * shared-repository settings, we would need to fix them up.
 	 */
-	if (shared_repository) {
+	if (get_shared_repository()) {
 		adjust_shared_perm(get_git_dir());
-		adjust_shared_perm(git_path("refs"));
-		adjust_shared_perm(git_path("refs/heads"));
-		adjust_shared_perm(git_path("refs/tags"));
 	}
 
 	/*
+	 * We need to create a "refs" dir in any case so that older
+	 * versions of git can tell that this is a repository.
+	 */
+	safe_create_dir(git_path("refs"), 1);
+	adjust_shared_perm(git_path("refs"));
+
+	if (refs_init_db(&err))
+		die("failed to set up refs db: %s", err.buf);
+
+	/*
 	 * Create the default symlink from ".git/HEAD" to the "master"
 	 * branch, if it does not exist yet.
 	 */
-	strcpy(path + len, "HEAD");
+	path = git_path_buf(&buf, "HEAD");
 	reinit = (!access(path, R_OK)
 		  || readlink(path, junk, sizeof(junk)-1) != -1);
 	if (!reinit) {
@@ -247,13 +240,12 @@ static int create_default_files(const char *template_path)
 	}
 
 	/* This forces creation of new config file */
-	sprintf(repo_version_string, "%d", GIT_REPO_VERSION);
+	xsnprintf(repo_version_string, sizeof(repo_version_string),
+		  "%d", GIT_REPO_VERSION);
 	git_config_set("core.repositoryformatversion", repo_version_string);
 
-	path[len] = 0;
-	strcpy(path + len, "config");
-
 	/* Check filemode trustability */
+	path = git_path_buf(&buf, "config");
 	filemode = TEST_FILEMODE;
 	if (TEST_FILEMODE && !lstat(path, &st1)) {
 		struct stat st2;
@@ -272,18 +264,15 @@ static int create_default_files(const char *template_path)
 		const char *work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
 		git_config_set("core.bare", "false");
 		/* allow template config file to override the default */
-		if (log_all_ref_updates == -1)
-		    git_config_set("core.logallrefupdates", "true");
-		if (!starts_with(git_dir, work_tree) ||
-		    strcmp(git_dir + strlen(work_tree), "/.git")) {
+		if (log_all_ref_updates == LOG_REFS_UNSET)
+			git_config_set("core.logallrefupdates", "true");
+		if (needs_work_tree_config(original_git_dir, work_tree))
 			git_config_set("core.worktree", work_tree);
-		}
 	}
 
 	if (!reinit) {
 		/* Check if symlink is supported in the work tree */
-		path[len] = 0;
-		strcpy(path + len, "tXXXXXX");
+		path = git_path_buf(&buf, "tXXXXXX");
 		if (!close(xmkstemp(path)) &&
 		    !unlink(path) &&
 		    !symlink("testing", path) &&
@@ -294,63 +283,40 @@ static int create_default_files(const char *template_path)
 			git_config_set("core.symlinks", "false");
 
 		/* Check if the filesystem is case-insensitive */
-		path[len] = 0;
-		strcpy(path + len, "CoNfIg");
+		path = git_path_buf(&buf, "CoNfIg");
 		if (!access(path, F_OK))
 			git_config_set("core.ignorecase", "true");
-		probe_utf8_pathname_composition(path, len);
+		probe_utf8_pathname_composition();
 	}
 
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return reinit;
 }
 
 static void create_object_directory(void)
 {
-	const char *object_directory = get_object_directory();
-	int len = strlen(object_directory);
-	char *path = xmalloc(len + 40);
-
-	memcpy(path, object_directory, len);
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t baselen;
 
-	safe_create_dir(object_directory, 1);
-	strcpy(path+len, "/pack");
-	safe_create_dir(path, 1);
-	strcpy(path+len, "/info");
-	safe_create_dir(path, 1);
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, get_object_directory());
+	baselen = path.len;
 
-	free(path);
-}
-
-int set_git_dir_init(const char *git_dir, const char *real_git_dir,
-		     int exist_ok)
-{
-	if (real_git_dir) {
-		struct stat st;
+	safe_create_dir(path.buf, 1);
 
-		if (!exist_ok && !stat(git_dir, &st))
-			die(_("%s already exists"), git_dir);
+	strbuf_setlen(&path, baselen);
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, "/pack");
+	safe_create_dir(path.buf, 1);
 
-		if (!exist_ok && !stat(real_git_dir, &st))
-			die(_("%s already exists"), real_git_dir);
+	strbuf_setlen(&path, baselen);
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, "/info");
+	safe_create_dir(path.buf, 1);
 
-		/*
-		 * make sure symlinks are resolved because we'll be
-		 * moving the target repo later on in separate_git_dir()
-		 */
-		git_link = xstrdup(real_path(git_dir));
-		set_git_dir(real_path(real_git_dir));
-	}
-	else {
-		set_git_dir(real_path(git_dir));
-		git_link = NULL;
-	}
-	return 0;
+	strbuf_release(&path);
 }
 
-static void separate_git_dir(const char *git_dir)
+static void separate_git_dir(const char *git_dir, const char *git_link)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	FILE *fp;
 
 	if (!stat(git_link, &st)) {
 		const char *src;
@@ -366,20 +332,34 @@ static void separate_git_dir(const char *git_dir)
 			die_errno(_("unable to move %s to %s"), src, git_dir);
 	}
 
-	fp = fopen(git_link, "w");
-	if (!fp)
-		die(_("Could not create git link %s"), git_link);
-	fprintf(fp, "gitdir: %s\n", git_dir);
-	fclose(fp);
+	write_file(git_link, "gitdir: %s", git_dir);
 }
 
-int init_db(const char *template_dir, unsigned int flags)
+int init_db(const char *git_dir, const char *real_git_dir,
+	    const char *template_dir, unsigned int flags)
 {
 	int reinit;
-	const char *git_dir = get_git_dir();
+	int exist_ok = flags & INIT_DB_EXIST_OK;
+	char *original_git_dir = real_pathdup(git_dir, 1);
+
+	if (real_git_dir) {
+		struct stat st;
+
+		if (!exist_ok && !stat(git_dir, &st))
+			die(_("%s already exists"), git_dir);
 
-	if (git_link)
-		separate_git_dir(git_dir);
+		if (!exist_ok && !stat(real_git_dir, &st))
+			die(_("%s already exists"), real_git_dir);
+
+		set_git_dir(real_path(real_git_dir));
+		git_dir = get_git_dir();
+		separate_git_dir(git_dir, original_git_dir);
+	}
+	else {
+		set_git_dir(real_path(git_dir));
+		git_dir = get_git_dir();
+	}
+	startup_info->have_repository = 1;
 
 	safe_create_dir(git_dir, 0);
 
@@ -392,11 +372,11 @@ int init_db(const char *template_dir, unsigned int flags)
 	 */
 	check_repository_format();
 
-	reinit = create_default_files(template_dir);
+	reinit = create_default_files(template_dir, original_git_dir);
 
 	create_object_directory();
 
-	if (shared_repository) {
+	if (get_shared_repository()) {
 		char buf[10];
 		/* We do not spell "group" and such, so that
 		 * the configuration can be read by older version
@@ -404,15 +384,15 @@ int init_db(const char *template_dir, unsigned int flags)
 		 * and compatibility values for PERM_GROUP and
 		 * PERM_EVERYBODY.
 		 */
-		if (shared_repository < 0)
+		if (get_shared_repository() < 0)
 			/* force to the mode value */
-			sprintf(buf, "0%o", -shared_repository);
-		else if (shared_repository == PERM_GROUP)
-			sprintf(buf, "%d", OLD_PERM_GROUP);
-		else if (shared_repository == PERM_EVERYBODY)
-			sprintf(buf, "%d", OLD_PERM_EVERYBODY);
+			xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "0%o", -get_shared_repository());
+		else if (get_shared_repository() == PERM_GROUP)
+			xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", OLD_PERM_GROUP);
+		else if (get_shared_repository() == PERM_EVERYBODY)
+			xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", OLD_PERM_EVERYBODY);
 		else
-			die("oops");
+			BUG("invalid value for shared_repository");
 		git_config_set("core.sharedrepository", buf);
 		git_config_set("receive.denyNonFastforwards", "true");
 	}
@@ -420,15 +400,19 @@ int init_db(const char *template_dir, unsigned int flags)
 	if (!(flags & INIT_DB_QUIET)) {
 		int len = strlen(git_dir);
 
-		/* TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
-		   existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
-		   "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name. */
-		printf(_("%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"),
-		       reinit ? _("Reinitialized existing") : _("Initialized empty"),
-		       shared_repository ? _(" shared") : "",
-		       git_dir, len && git_dir[len-1] != '/' ? "/" : "");
+		if (reinit)
+			printf(get_shared_repository()
+			       ? _("Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n")
+			       : _("Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"),
+			       git_dir, len && git_dir[len-1] != '/' ? "/" : "");
+		else
+			printf(get_shared_repository()
+			       ? _("Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n")
+			       : _("Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"),
+			       git_dir, len && git_dir[len-1] != '/' ? "/" : "");
 	}
 
+	free(original_git_dir);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -507,7 +491,7 @@ int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, init_db_options, init_db_usage, 0);
 
 	if (real_git_dir && !is_absolute_path(real_git_dir))
-		real_git_dir = xstrdup(real_path(real_git_dir));
+		real_git_dir = real_pathdup(real_git_dir, 1);
 
 	if (argc == 1) {
 		int mkdir_tried = 0;
@@ -520,8 +504,8 @@ int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				 * and we know shared_repository should always be 0;
 				 * but just in case we play safe.
 				 */
-				saved = shared_repository;
-				shared_repository = 0;
+				saved = get_shared_repository();
+				set_shared_repository(0);
 				switch (safe_create_leading_directories_const(argv[0])) {
 				case SCLD_OK:
 				case SCLD_PERMS:
@@ -533,7 +517,7 @@ int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 					die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv[0]);
 					break;
 				}
-				shared_repository = saved;
+				set_shared_repository(saved);
 				if (mkdir(argv[0], 0777) < 0)
 					die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv[0]);
 				mkdir_tried = 1;
@@ -551,7 +535,7 @@ int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (init_shared_repository != -1)
-		shared_repository = init_shared_repository;
+		set_shared_repository(init_shared_repository);
 
 	/*
 	 * GIT_WORK_TREE makes sense only in conjunction with GIT_DIR
@@ -578,7 +562,7 @@ int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		const char *git_dir_parent = strrchr(git_dir, '/');
 		if (git_dir_parent) {
 			char *rel = xstrndup(git_dir, git_dir_parent - git_dir);
-			git_work_tree_cfg = xstrdup(real_path(rel));
+			git_work_tree_cfg = real_pathdup(rel, 1);
 			free(rel);
 		}
 		if (!git_work_tree_cfg)
@@ -596,7 +580,8 @@ int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			set_git_work_tree(work_tree);
 	}
 
-	set_git_dir_init(git_dir, real_git_dir, 1);
+	UNLEAK(real_git_dir);
 
-	return init_db(template_dir, flags);
+	flags |= INIT_DB_EXIST_OK;
+	return init_db(git_dir, real_git_dir, template_dir, flags);
 }
diff --git a/builtin/interpret-trailers.c b/builtin/interpret-trailers.c
index 46838d24a9..b742539d4d 100644
--- a/builtin/interpret-trailers.c
+++ b/builtin/interpret-trailers.c
@@ -12,33 +12,123 @@
 #include "trailer.h"
 
 static const char * const git_interpret_trailers_usage[] = {
-	N_("git interpret-trailers [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [<file>...]"),
+	N_("git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [<file>...]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
+static enum trailer_where where;
+static enum trailer_if_exists if_exists;
+static enum trailer_if_missing if_missing;
+
+static int option_parse_where(const struct option *opt,
+			      const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	return trailer_set_where(&where, arg);
+}
+
+static int option_parse_if_exists(const struct option *opt,
+				  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	return trailer_set_if_exists(&if_exists, arg);
+}
+
+static int option_parse_if_missing(const struct option *opt,
+				   const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	return trailer_set_if_missing(&if_missing, arg);
+}
+
+static void new_trailers_clear(struct list_head *trailers)
+{
+	struct list_head *pos, *tmp;
+	struct new_trailer_item *item;
+
+	list_for_each_safe(pos, tmp, trailers) {
+		item = list_entry(pos, struct new_trailer_item, list);
+		list_del(pos);
+		free(item);
+	}
+}
+
+static int option_parse_trailer(const struct option *opt,
+				   const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct list_head *trailers = opt->value;
+	struct new_trailer_item *item;
+
+	if (unset) {
+		new_trailers_clear(trailers);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!arg)
+		return -1;
+
+	item = xmalloc(sizeof(*item));
+	item->text = arg;
+	item->where = where;
+	item->if_exists = if_exists;
+	item->if_missing = if_missing;
+	list_add_tail(&item->list, trailers);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int parse_opt_parse(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+			   int unset)
+{
+	struct process_trailer_options *v = opt->value;
+	v->only_trailers = 1;
+	v->only_input = 1;
+	v->unfold = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int cmd_interpret_trailers(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int trim_empty = 0;
-	struct string_list trailers = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct process_trailer_options opts = PROCESS_TRAILER_OPTIONS_INIT;
+	LIST_HEAD(trailers);
 
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "trim-empty", &trim_empty, N_("trim empty trailers")),
-		OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "trailer", &trailers, N_("trailer"),
-				N_("trailer(s) to add")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "in-place", &opts.in_place, N_("edit files in place")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "trim-empty", &opts.trim_empty, N_("trim empty trailers")),
+
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "where", NULL, N_("action"),
+			     N_("where to place the new trailer"), option_parse_where),
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "if-exists", NULL, N_("action"),
+			     N_("action if trailer already exists"), option_parse_if_exists),
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "if-missing", NULL, N_("action"),
+			     N_("action if trailer is missing"), option_parse_if_missing),
+
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "only-trailers", &opts.only_trailers, N_("output only the trailers")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "only-input", &opts.only_input, N_("do not apply config rules")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "unfold", &opts.unfold, N_("join whitespace-continued values")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "parse", &opts, NULL, N_("set parsing options"),
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, parse_opt_parse },
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "trailer", &trailers, N_("trailer"),
+				N_("trailer(s) to add"), option_parse_trailer),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options,
 			     git_interpret_trailers_usage, 0);
 
+	if (opts.only_input && !list_empty(&trailers))
+		usage_msg_opt(
+			_("--trailer with --only-input does not make sense"),
+			git_interpret_trailers_usage,
+			options);
+
 	if (argc) {
 		int i;
 		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
-			process_trailers(argv[i], trim_empty, &trailers);
-	} else
-		process_trailers(NULL, trim_empty, &trailers);
+			process_trailers(argv[i], &opts, &trailers);
+	} else {
+		if (opts.in_place)
+			die(_("no input file given for in-place editing"));
+		process_trailers(NULL, &opts, &trailers);
+	}
 
-	string_list_clear(&trailers, 0);
+	new_trailers_clear(&trailers);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/log.c b/builtin/log.c
index dd8f3fcfc4..e094560d9a 100644
--- a/builtin/log.c
+++ b/builtin/log.c
@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@
  *		 2006 Junio Hamano
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "color.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "diff.h"
@@ -25,12 +28,19 @@
 #include "version.h"
 #include "mailmap.h"
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
+#include "progress.h"
+#include "commit-slab.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+
+#define MAIL_DEFAULT_WRAP 72
 
 /* Set a default date-time format for git log ("log.date" config variable) */
 static const char *default_date_mode = NULL;
 
 static int default_abbrev_commit;
 static int default_show_root = 1;
+static int default_follow;
+static int default_show_signature;
 static int decoration_style;
 static int decoration_given;
 static int use_mailmap_config;
@@ -38,7 +48,7 @@ static const char *fmt_patch_subject_prefix = "PATCH";
 static const char *fmt_pretty;
 
 static const char * const builtin_log_usage[] = {
-	N_("git log [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] <path>...]"),
+	N_("git log [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"),
 	N_("git show [<options>] <object>..."),
 	NULL
 };
@@ -49,9 +59,14 @@ struct line_opt_callback_data {
 	struct string_list args;
 };
 
-static int parse_decoration_style(const char *var, const char *value)
+static int auto_decoration_style(void)
+{
+	return (isatty(1) || pager_in_use()) ? DECORATE_SHORT_REFS : 0;
+}
+
+static int parse_decoration_style(const char *value)
 {
-	switch (git_config_maybe_bool(var, value)) {
+	switch (git_parse_maybe_bool(value)) {
 	case 1:
 		return DECORATE_SHORT_REFS;
 	case 0:
@@ -64,7 +79,7 @@ static int parse_decoration_style(const char *var, const char *value)
 	else if (!strcmp(value, "short"))
 		return DECORATE_SHORT_REFS;
 	else if (!strcmp(value, "auto"))
-		return (isatty(1) || pager_in_use()) ? DECORATE_SHORT_REFS : 0;
+		return auto_decoration_style();
 	return -1;
 }
 
@@ -73,7 +88,7 @@ static int decorate_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unse
 	if (unset)
 		decoration_style = 0;
 	else if (arg)
-		decoration_style = parse_decoration_style("command line", arg);
+		decoration_style = parse_decoration_style(arg);
 	else
 		decoration_style = DECORATE_SHORT_REFS;
 
@@ -98,22 +113,32 @@ static int log_line_range_callback(const struct option *option, const char *arg,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void init_log_defaults(void)
+{
+	init_grep_defaults();
+	init_diff_ui_defaults();
+
+	decoration_style = auto_decoration_style();
+}
+
 static void cmd_log_init_defaults(struct rev_info *rev)
 {
 	if (fmt_pretty)
 		get_commit_format(fmt_pretty, rev);
+	if (default_follow)
+		rev->diffopt.flags.default_follow_renames = 1;
 	rev->verbose_header = 1;
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev->diffopt, RECURSIVE);
+	rev->diffopt.flags.recursive = 1;
 	rev->diffopt.stat_width = -1; /* use full terminal width */
 	rev->diffopt.stat_graph_width = -1; /* respect statGraphWidth config */
 	rev->abbrev_commit = default_abbrev_commit;
 	rev->show_root_diff = default_show_root;
 	rev->subject_prefix = fmt_patch_subject_prefix;
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev->diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
+	rev->show_signature = default_show_signature;
+	rev->diffopt.flags.allow_textconv = 1;
 
 	if (default_date_mode)
-		rev->date_mode = parse_date_format(default_date_mode);
-	rev->diffopt.touched_flags = 0;
+		parse_date_format(default_date_mode, &rev->date_mode);
 }
 
 static void cmd_log_init_finish(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
@@ -122,11 +147,20 @@ static void cmd_log_init_finish(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
 	struct userformat_want w;
 	int quiet = 0, source = 0, mailmap = 0;
 	static struct line_opt_callback_data line_cb = {NULL, NULL, STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP};
+	static struct string_list decorate_refs_exclude = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	static struct string_list decorate_refs_include = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	struct decoration_filter decoration_filter = {&decorate_refs_include,
+						      &decorate_refs_exclude};
+	static struct revision_sources revision_sources;
 
 	const struct option builtin_log_options[] = {
 		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("suppress diff output")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "source", &source, N_("show source")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "use-mailmap", &mailmap, N_("Use mail map file")),
+		OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "decorate-refs", &decorate_refs_include,
+				N_("pattern"), N_("only decorate refs that match <pattern>")),
+		OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "decorate-refs-exclude", &decorate_refs_exclude,
+				N_("pattern"), N_("do not decorate refs that match <pattern>")),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "decorate", NULL, NULL, N_("decorate options"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, decorate_callback},
 		OPT_CALLBACK('L', NULL, &line_cb, "n,m:file",
@@ -160,12 +194,14 @@ static void cmd_log_init_finish(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
 	if (rev->show_notes)
 		init_display_notes(&rev->notes_opt);
 
-	if (rev->diffopt.pickaxe || rev->diffopt.filter ||
-	    DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev->diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES))
+	if ((rev->diffopt.pickaxe_opts & DIFF_PICKAXE_KINDS_MASK) ||
+	    rev->diffopt.filter || rev->diffopt.flags.follow_renames)
 		rev->always_show_header = 0;
 
-	if (source)
-		rev->show_source = 1;
+	if (source) {
+		init_revision_sources(&revision_sources);
+		rev->sources = &revision_sources;
+	}
 
 	if (mailmap) {
 		rev->mailmap = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
@@ -185,7 +221,7 @@ static void cmd_log_init_finish(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
 
 	if (decoration_style) {
 		rev->show_decorations = 1;
-		load_ref_decorations(decoration_style);
+		load_ref_decorations(&decoration_filter, decoration_style);
 	}
 
 	if (rev->line_level_traverse)
@@ -226,16 +262,17 @@ static void show_early_header(struct rev_info *rev, const char *stage, int nr)
 		if (rev->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
 			putchar(rev->diffopt.line_termination);
 	}
-	printf(_("Final output: %d %s\n"), nr, stage);
+	fprintf(rev->diffopt.file, _("Final output: %d %s\n"), nr, stage);
 }
 
 static struct itimerval early_output_timer;
 
 static void log_show_early(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit_list *list)
 {
-	int i = revs->early_output;
+	int i = revs->early_output, close_file = revs->diffopt.close_file;
 	int show_header = 1;
 
+	revs->diffopt.close_file = 0;
 	sort_in_topological_order(&list, revs->sort_order);
 	while (list && i) {
 		struct commit *commit = list->item;
@@ -252,14 +289,19 @@ static void log_show_early(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit_list *list)
 		case commit_ignore:
 			break;
 		case commit_error:
+			if (close_file)
+				fclose(revs->diffopt.file);
 			return;
 		}
 		list = list->next;
 	}
 
 	/* Did we already get enough commits for the early output? */
-	if (!i)
+	if (!i) {
+		if (close_file)
+			fclose(revs->diffopt.file);
 		return;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * ..if no, then repeat it twice a second until we
@@ -321,7 +363,7 @@ static int cmd_log_walk(struct rev_info *rev)
 {
 	struct commit *commit;
 	int saved_nrl = 0;
-	int saved_dcctc = 0;
+	int saved_dcctc = 0, close_file = rev->diffopt.close_file;
 
 	if (rev->early_output)
 		setup_early_output(rev);
@@ -337,20 +379,23 @@ static int cmd_log_walk(struct rev_info *rev)
 	 * and HAS_CHANGES being accumulated in rev->diffopt, so be careful to
 	 * retain that state information if replacing rev->diffopt in this loop
 	 */
+	rev->diffopt.close_file = 0;
 	while ((commit = get_revision(rev)) != NULL) {
-		if (!log_tree_commit(rev, commit) &&
-		    rev->max_count >= 0)
+		if (!log_tree_commit(rev, commit) && rev->max_count >= 0)
 			/*
 			 * We decremented max_count in get_revision,
 			 * but we didn't actually show the commit.
 			 */
 			rev->max_count++;
 		if (!rev->reflog_info) {
-			/* we allow cycles in reflog ancestry */
+			/*
+			 * We may show a given commit multiple times when
+			 * walking the reflogs.
+			 */
 			free_commit_buffer(commit);
+			free_commit_list(commit->parents);
+			commit->parents = NULL;
 		}
-		free_commit_list(commit->parents);
-		commit->parents = NULL;
 		if (saved_nrl < rev->diffopt.needed_rename_limit)
 			saved_nrl = rev->diffopt.needed_rename_limit;
 		if (rev->diffopt.degraded_cc_to_c)
@@ -358,9 +403,11 @@ static int cmd_log_walk(struct rev_info *rev)
 	}
 	rev->diffopt.degraded_cc_to_c = saved_dcctc;
 	rev->diffopt.needed_rename_limit = saved_nrl;
+	if (close_file)
+		fclose(rev->diffopt.file);
 
 	if (rev->diffopt.output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF &&
-	    DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev->diffopt, CHECK_FAILED)) {
+	    rev->diffopt.flags.check_failed) {
 		return 02;
 	}
 	return diff_result_code(&rev->diffopt, 0);
@@ -381,7 +428,7 @@ static int git_log_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	if (!strcmp(var, "log.date"))
 		return git_config_string(&default_date_mode, var, value);
 	if (!strcmp(var, "log.decorate")) {
-		decoration_style = parse_decoration_style(var, value);
+		decoration_style = parse_decoration_style(value);
 		if (decoration_style < 0)
 			decoration_style = 0; /* maybe warn? */
 		return 0;
@@ -390,12 +437,20 @@ static int git_log_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		default_show_root = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "log.follow")) {
+		default_follow = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
 	if (skip_prefix(var, "color.decorate.", &slot_name))
 		return parse_decorate_color_config(var, slot_name, value);
 	if (!strcmp(var, "log.mailmap")) {
 		use_mailmap_config = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "log.showsignature")) {
+		default_show_signature = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
 
 	if (grep_config(var, value, cb) < 0)
 		return -1;
@@ -409,7 +464,7 @@ int cmd_whatchanged(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	struct setup_revision_opt opt;
 
-	init_grep_defaults();
+	init_log_defaults();
 	git_config(git_log_config, NULL);
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
@@ -432,44 +487,48 @@ static void show_tagger(char *buf, int len, struct rev_info *rev)
 	pp.fmt = rev->commit_format;
 	pp.date_mode = rev->date_mode;
 	pp_user_info(&pp, "Tagger", &out, buf, get_log_output_encoding());
-	printf("%s", out.buf);
+	fprintf(rev->diffopt.file, "%s", out.buf);
 	strbuf_release(&out);
 }
 
-static int show_blob_object(const unsigned char *sha1, struct rev_info *rev, const char *obj_name)
+static int show_blob_object(const struct object_id *oid, struct rev_info *rev, const char *obj_name)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1c[20];
+	struct object_id oidc;
 	struct object_context obj_context;
 	char *buf;
 	unsigned long size;
 
-	fflush(stdout);
-	if (!DIFF_OPT_TOUCHED(&rev->diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV) ||
-	    !DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev->diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV))
-		return stream_blob_to_fd(1, sha1, NULL, 0);
+	fflush(rev->diffopt.file);
+	if (!rev->diffopt.flags.textconv_set_via_cmdline ||
+	    !rev->diffopt.flags.allow_textconv)
+		return stream_blob_to_fd(1, oid, NULL, 0);
 
-	if (get_sha1_with_context(obj_name, 0, sha1c, &obj_context))
+	if (get_oid_with_context(obj_name, GET_OID_RECORD_PATH,
+				 &oidc, &obj_context))
 		die(_("Not a valid object name %s"), obj_name);
-	if (!obj_context.path[0] ||
-	    !textconv_object(obj_context.path, obj_context.mode, sha1c, 1, &buf, &size))
-		return stream_blob_to_fd(1, sha1, NULL, 0);
+	if (!obj_context.path ||
+	    !textconv_object(obj_context.path, obj_context.mode, &oidc, 1, &buf, &size)) {
+		free(obj_context.path);
+		return stream_blob_to_fd(1, oid, NULL, 0);
+	}
 
 	if (!buf)
 		die(_("git show %s: bad file"), obj_name);
 
 	write_or_die(1, buf, size);
+	free(obj_context.path);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int show_tag_object(const unsigned char *sha1, struct rev_info *rev)
+static int show_tag_object(const struct object_id *oid, struct rev_info *rev)
 {
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
-	char *buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	char *buf = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
 	int offset = 0;
 
 	if (!buf)
-		return error(_("Could not read object %s"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		return error(_("Could not read object %s"), oid_to_hex(oid));
 
 	assert(type == OBJ_TAG);
 	while (offset < size && buf[offset] != '\n') {
@@ -483,20 +542,22 @@ static int show_tag_object(const unsigned char *sha1, struct rev_info *rev)
 	}
 
 	if (offset < size)
-		fwrite(buf + offset, size - offset, 1, stdout);
+		fwrite(buf + offset, size - offset, 1, rev->diffopt.file);
 	free(buf);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int show_tree_object(const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int show_tree_object(const struct object_id *oid,
 		struct strbuf *base,
 		const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage, void *context)
 {
-	printf("%s%s\n", pathname, S_ISDIR(mode) ? "/" : "");
+	FILE *file = context;
+	fprintf(file, "%s%s\n", pathname, S_ISDIR(mode) ? "/" : "");
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void show_rev_tweak_rev(struct rev_info *rev, struct setup_revision_opt *opt)
+static void show_setup_revisions_tweak(struct rev_info *rev,
+				       struct setup_revision_opt *opt)
 {
 	if (rev->ignore_merges) {
 		/* There was no "-m" on the command line */
@@ -519,7 +580,7 @@ int cmd_show(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct pathspec match_all;
 	int i, count, ret = 0;
 
-	init_grep_defaults();
+	init_log_defaults();
 	git_config(git_log_config, NULL);
 
 	memset(&match_all, 0, sizeof(match_all));
@@ -531,7 +592,7 @@ int cmd_show(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
 	opt.def = "HEAD";
-	opt.tweak = show_rev_tweak_rev;
+	opt.tweak = show_setup_revisions_tweak;
 	cmd_log_init(argc, argv, prefix, &rev, &opt);
 
 	if (!rev.no_walk)
@@ -544,25 +605,25 @@ int cmd_show(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		const char *name = objects[i].name;
 		switch (o->type) {
 		case OBJ_BLOB:
-			ret = show_blob_object(o->sha1, &rev, name);
+			ret = show_blob_object(&o->oid, &rev, name);
 			break;
 		case OBJ_TAG: {
 			struct tag *t = (struct tag *)o;
 
 			if (rev.shown_one)
 				putchar('\n');
-			printf("%stag %s%s\n",
+			fprintf(rev.diffopt.file, "%stag %s%s\n",
 					diff_get_color_opt(&rev.diffopt, DIFF_COMMIT),
 					t->tag,
 					diff_get_color_opt(&rev.diffopt, DIFF_RESET));
-			ret = show_tag_object(o->sha1, &rev);
+			ret = show_tag_object(&o->oid, &rev);
 			rev.shown_one = 1;
 			if (ret)
 				break;
-			o = parse_object(t->tagged->sha1);
+			o = parse_object(the_repository, &t->tagged->oid);
 			if (!o)
 				ret = error(_("Could not read object %s"),
-					    sha1_to_hex(t->tagged->sha1));
+					    oid_to_hex(&t->tagged->oid));
 			objects[i].item = o;
 			i--;
 			break;
@@ -570,12 +631,12 @@ int cmd_show(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		case OBJ_TREE:
 			if (rev.shown_one)
 				putchar('\n');
-			printf("%stree %s%s\n\n",
+			fprintf(rev.diffopt.file, "%stree %s%s\n\n",
 					diff_get_color_opt(&rev.diffopt, DIFF_COMMIT),
 					name,
 					diff_get_color_opt(&rev.diffopt, DIFF_RESET));
 			read_tree_recursive((struct tree *)o, "", 0, 0, &match_all,
-					show_tree_object, NULL);
+					show_tree_object, rev.diffopt.file);
 			rev.shown_one = 1;
 			break;
 		case OBJ_COMMIT:
@@ -600,7 +661,7 @@ int cmd_log_reflog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	struct setup_revision_opt opt;
 
-	init_grep_defaults();
+	init_log_defaults();
 	git_config(git_log_config, NULL);
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
@@ -618,12 +679,28 @@ int cmd_log_reflog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	return cmd_log_walk(&rev);
 }
 
+static void log_setup_revisions_tweak(struct rev_info *rev,
+				      struct setup_revision_opt *opt)
+{
+	if (rev->diffopt.flags.default_follow_renames &&
+	    rev->prune_data.nr == 1)
+		rev->diffopt.flags.follow_renames = 1;
+
+	/* Turn --cc/-c into -p --cc/-c when -p was not given */
+	if (!rev->diffopt.output_format && rev->combine_merges)
+		rev->diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
+
+	/* Turn -m on when --cc/-c was given */
+	if (rev->combine_merges)
+		rev->ignore_merges = 0;
+}
+
 int cmd_log(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	struct setup_revision_opt opt;
 
-	init_grep_defaults();
+	init_log_defaults();
 	git_config(git_log_config, NULL);
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
@@ -631,6 +708,7 @@ int cmd_log(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
 	opt.def = "HEAD";
 	opt.revarg_opt = REVARG_COMMITTISH;
+	opt.tweak = log_setup_revisions_tweak;
 	cmd_log_init(argc, argv, prefix, &rev, &opt);
 	return cmd_log_walk(&rev);
 }
@@ -643,9 +721,9 @@ static int auto_number = 1;
 
 static char *default_attach = NULL;
 
-static struct string_list extra_hdr;
-static struct string_list extra_to;
-static struct string_list extra_cc;
+static struct string_list extra_hdr = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+static struct string_list extra_to = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+static struct string_list extra_cc = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 
 static void add_header(const char *value)
 {
@@ -671,9 +749,12 @@ static void add_header(const char *value)
 #define THREAD_DEEP 2
 static int thread;
 static int do_signoff;
+static int base_auto;
+static char *from;
 static const char *signature = git_version_string;
 static const char *signature_file;
 static int config_cover_letter;
+static const char *config_output_directory;
 
 enum {
 	COVER_UNSET,
@@ -752,15 +833,31 @@ static int git_format_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		config_cover_letter = git_config_bool(var, value) ? COVER_ON : COVER_OFF;
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "format.outputdirectory"))
+		return git_config_string(&config_output_directory, var, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "format.useautobase")) {
+		base_auto = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "format.from")) {
+		int b = git_parse_maybe_bool(value);
+		free(from);
+		if (b < 0)
+			from = xstrdup(value);
+		else if (b)
+			from = xstrdup(git_committer_info(IDENT_NO_DATE));
+		else
+			from = NULL;
+		return 0;
+	}
 
 	return git_log_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
-static FILE *realstdout = NULL;
 static const char *output_directory = NULL;
 static int outdir_offset;
 
-static int reopen_stdout(struct commit *commit, const char *subject,
+static int open_next_file(struct commit *commit, const char *subject,
 			 struct rev_info *rev, int quiet)
 {
 	struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -769,10 +866,11 @@ static int reopen_stdout(struct commit *commit, const char *subject,
 	if (output_directory) {
 		strbuf_addstr(&filename, output_directory);
 		if (filename.len >=
-		    PATH_MAX - FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX - suffix_len)
+		    PATH_MAX - FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX - suffix_len) {
+			strbuf_release(&filename);
 			return error(_("name of output directory is too long"));
-		if (filename.buf[filename.len - 1] != '/')
-			strbuf_addch(&filename, '/');
+		}
+		strbuf_complete(&filename, '/');
 	}
 
 	if (rev->numbered_files)
@@ -783,10 +881,13 @@ static int reopen_stdout(struct commit *commit, const char *subject,
 		fmt_output_subject(&filename, subject, rev);
 
 	if (!quiet)
-		fprintf(realstdout, "%s\n", filename.buf + outdir_offset);
+		printf("%s\n", filename.buf + outdir_offset);
 
-	if (freopen(filename.buf, "w", stdout) == NULL)
-		return error(_("Cannot open patch file %s"), filename.buf);
+	if ((rev->diffopt.file = fopen(filename.buf, "w")) == NULL) {
+		error_errno(_("Cannot open patch file %s"), filename.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&filename);
+		return -1;
+	}
 
 	strbuf_release(&filename);
 	return 0;
@@ -795,7 +896,7 @@ static int reopen_stdout(struct commit *commit, const char *subject,
 static void get_patch_ids(struct rev_info *rev, struct patch_ids *ids)
 {
 	struct rev_info check_rev;
-	struct commit *commit;
+	struct commit *commit, *c1, *c2;
 	struct object *o1, *o2;
 	unsigned flags1, flags2;
 
@@ -803,9 +904,11 @@ static void get_patch_ids(struct rev_info *rev, struct patch_ids *ids)
 		die(_("Need exactly one range."));
 
 	o1 = rev->pending.objects[0].item;
-	flags1 = o1->flags;
 	o2 = rev->pending.objects[1].item;
+	flags1 = o1->flags;
 	flags2 = o2->flags;
+	c1 = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &o1->oid);
+	c2 = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &o2->oid);
 
 	if ((flags1 & UNINTERESTING) == (flags2 & UNINTERESTING))
 		die(_("Not a range."));
@@ -827,10 +930,8 @@ static void get_patch_ids(struct rev_info *rev, struct patch_ids *ids)
 	}
 
 	/* reset for next revision walk */
-	clear_commit_marks((struct commit *)o1,
-			SEEN | UNINTERESTING | SHOWN | ADDED);
-	clear_commit_marks((struct commit *)o2,
-			SEEN | UNINTERESTING | SHOWN | ADDED);
+	clear_commit_marks(c1, SEEN | UNINTERESTING | SHOWN | ADDED);
+	clear_commit_marks(c2, SEEN | UNINTERESTING | SHOWN | ADDED);
 	o1->flags = flags1;
 	o2->flags = flags2;
 }
@@ -838,21 +939,21 @@ static void get_patch_ids(struct rev_info *rev, struct patch_ids *ids)
 static void gen_message_id(struct rev_info *info, char *base)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s.%lu.git.%s", base,
-		    (unsigned long) time(NULL),
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s.%"PRItime".git.%s", base,
+		    (timestamp_t) time(NULL),
 		    git_committer_info(IDENT_NO_NAME|IDENT_NO_DATE|IDENT_STRICT));
 	info->message_id = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 }
 
-static void print_signature(void)
+static void print_signature(FILE *file)
 {
 	if (!signature || !*signature)
 		return;
 
-	printf("-- \n%s", signature);
+	fprintf(file, "-- \n%s", signature);
 	if (signature[strlen(signature)-1] != '\n')
-		putchar('\n');
-	putchar('\n');
+		putc('\n', file);
+	putc('\n', file);
 }
 
 static void add_branch_description(struct strbuf *buf, const char *branch_name)
@@ -872,8 +973,8 @@ static void add_branch_description(struct strbuf *buf, const char *branch_name)
 static char *find_branch_name(struct rev_info *rev)
 {
 	int i, positive = -1;
-	unsigned char branch_sha1[20];
-	const unsigned char *tip_sha1;
+	struct object_id branch_oid;
+	const struct object_id *tip_oid;
 	const char *ref, *v;
 	char *full_ref, *branch = NULL;
 
@@ -888,10 +989,10 @@ static char *find_branch_name(struct rev_info *rev)
 	if (positive < 0)
 		return NULL;
 	ref = rev->cmdline.rev[positive].name;
-	tip_sha1 = rev->cmdline.rev[positive].item->sha1;
-	if (dwim_ref(ref, strlen(ref), branch_sha1, &full_ref) &&
+	tip_oid = &rev->cmdline.rev[positive].item->oid;
+	if (dwim_ref(ref, strlen(ref), &branch_oid, &full_ref) &&
 	    skip_prefix(full_ref, "refs/heads/", &v) &&
-	    !hashcmp(tip_sha1, branch_sha1))
+	    !oidcmp(tip_oid, &branch_oid))
 		branch = xstrdup(v);
 	free(full_ref);
 	return branch;
@@ -915,17 +1016,16 @@ static void make_cover_letter(struct rev_info *rev, int use_stdout,
 	struct pretty_print_context pp = {0};
 	struct commit *head = list[0];
 
-	if (rev->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_EMAIL)
+	if (!cmit_fmt_is_mail(rev->commit_format))
 		die(_("Cover letter needs email format"));
 
 	committer = git_committer_info(0);
 
 	if (!use_stdout &&
-	    reopen_stdout(NULL, rev->numbered_files ? NULL : "cover-letter", rev, quiet))
+	    open_next_file(NULL, rev->numbered_files ? NULL : "cover-letter", rev, quiet))
 		return;
 
-	log_write_email_headers(rev, head, &pp.subject, &pp.after_subject,
-				&need_8bit_cte);
+	log_write_email_headers(rev, head, &pp.after_subject, &need_8bit_cte, 0);
 
 	for (i = 0; !need_8bit_cte && i < nr; i++) {
 		const char *buf = get_commit_buffer(list[i], NULL);
@@ -939,20 +1039,23 @@ static void make_cover_letter(struct rev_info *rev, int use_stdout,
 
 	msg = body;
 	pp.fmt = CMIT_FMT_EMAIL;
-	pp.date_mode = DATE_RFC2822;
+	pp.date_mode.type = DATE_RFC2822;
+	pp.rev = rev;
+	pp.print_email_subject = 1;
 	pp_user_info(&pp, NULL, &sb, committer, encoding);
 	pp_title_line(&pp, &msg, &sb, encoding, need_8bit_cte);
 	pp_remainder(&pp, &msg, &sb, 0);
 	add_branch_description(&sb, branch_name);
-	printf("%s\n", sb.buf);
+	fprintf(rev->diffopt.file, "%s\n", sb.buf);
 
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 
 	shortlog_init(&log);
 	log.wrap_lines = 1;
-	log.wrap = 72;
+	log.wrap = MAIL_DEFAULT_WRAP;
 	log.in1 = 2;
 	log.in2 = 4;
+	log.file = rev->diffopt.file;
 	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++)
 		shortlog_add_commit(&log, list[i]);
 
@@ -966,17 +1069,17 @@ static void make_cover_letter(struct rev_info *rev, int use_stdout,
 
 	memcpy(&opts, &rev->diffopt, sizeof(opts));
 	opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY | DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT;
+	opts.stat_width = MAIL_DEFAULT_WRAP;
 
 	diff_setup_done(&opts);
 
-	diff_tree_sha1(origin->tree->object.sha1,
-		       head->tree->object.sha1,
-		       "", &opts);
+	diff_tree_oid(get_commit_tree_oid(origin),
+		      get_commit_tree_oid(head),
+		      "", &opts);
 	diffcore_std(&opts);
 	diff_flush(&opts);
 
-	printf("\n");
-	print_signature();
+	fprintf(rev->diffopt.file, "\n");
 }
 
 static const char *clean_message_id(const char *msg_id)
@@ -1018,8 +1121,7 @@ static const char *set_outdir(const char *prefix, const char *output_directory)
 	if (!output_directory)
 		return prefix;
 
-	return xstrdup(prefix_filename(prefix, outdir_offset,
-				       output_directory));
+	return prefix_filename(prefix, output_directory);
 }
 
 static const char * const builtin_format_patch_usage[] = {
@@ -1046,6 +1148,11 @@ static int subject_prefix_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int rfc_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	return subject_prefix_callback(opt, "RFC PATCH", unset);
+}
+
 static int numbered_cmdline_opt = 0;
 
 static int numbered_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
@@ -1158,6 +1265,160 @@ static int from_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+struct base_tree_info {
+	struct object_id base_commit;
+	int nr_patch_id, alloc_patch_id;
+	struct object_id *patch_id;
+};
+
+static struct commit *get_base_commit(const char *base_commit,
+				      struct commit **list,
+				      int total)
+{
+	struct commit *base = NULL;
+	struct commit **rev;
+	int i = 0, rev_nr = 0;
+
+	if (base_commit && strcmp(base_commit, "auto")) {
+		base = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(base_commit);
+		if (!base)
+			die(_("Unknown commit %s"), base_commit);
+	} else if ((base_commit && !strcmp(base_commit, "auto")) || base_auto) {
+		struct branch *curr_branch = branch_get(NULL);
+		const char *upstream = branch_get_upstream(curr_branch, NULL);
+		if (upstream) {
+			struct commit_list *base_list;
+			struct commit *commit;
+			struct object_id oid;
+
+			if (get_oid(upstream, &oid))
+				die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), upstream);
+			commit = lookup_commit_or_die(&oid, "upstream base");
+			base_list = get_merge_bases_many(commit, total, list);
+			/* There should be one and only one merge base. */
+			if (!base_list || base_list->next)
+				die(_("Could not find exact merge base."));
+			base = base_list->item;
+			free_commit_list(base_list);
+		} else {
+			die(_("Failed to get upstream, if you want to record base commit automatically,\n"
+			      "please use git branch --set-upstream-to to track a remote branch.\n"
+			      "Or you could specify base commit by --base=<base-commit-id> manually."));
+		}
+	}
+
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(rev, total);
+	for (i = 0; i < total; i++)
+		rev[i] = list[i];
+
+	rev_nr = total;
+	/*
+	 * Get merge base through pair-wise computations
+	 * and store it in rev[0].
+	 */
+	while (rev_nr > 1) {
+		for (i = 0; i < rev_nr / 2; i++) {
+			struct commit_list *merge_base;
+			merge_base = get_merge_bases(rev[2 * i], rev[2 * i + 1]);
+			if (!merge_base || merge_base->next)
+				die(_("Failed to find exact merge base"));
+
+			rev[i] = merge_base->item;
+		}
+
+		if (rev_nr % 2)
+			rev[i] = rev[2 * i];
+		rev_nr = DIV_ROUND_UP(rev_nr, 2);
+	}
+
+	if (!in_merge_bases(base, rev[0]))
+		die(_("base commit should be the ancestor of revision list"));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < total; i++) {
+		if (base == list[i])
+			die(_("base commit shouldn't be in revision list"));
+	}
+
+	free(rev);
+	return base;
+}
+
+define_commit_slab(commit_base, int);
+
+static void prepare_bases(struct base_tree_info *bases,
+			  struct commit *base,
+			  struct commit **list,
+			  int total)
+{
+	struct commit *commit;
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	struct diff_options diffopt;
+	struct commit_base commit_base;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!base)
+		return;
+
+	init_commit_base(&commit_base);
+	diff_setup(&diffopt);
+	diffopt.flags.recursive = 1;
+	diff_setup_done(&diffopt);
+
+	oidcpy(&bases->base_commit, &base->object.oid);
+
+	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
+	revs.max_parents = 1;
+	revs.topo_order = 1;
+	for (i = 0; i < total; i++) {
+		list[i]->object.flags &= ~UNINTERESTING;
+		add_pending_object(&revs, &list[i]->object, "rev_list");
+		*commit_base_at(&commit_base, list[i]) = 1;
+	}
+	base->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+	add_pending_object(&revs, &base->object, "base");
+
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
+	/*
+	 * Traverse the commits list, get prerequisite patch ids
+	 * and stuff them in bases structure.
+	 */
+	while ((commit = get_revision(&revs)) != NULL) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		struct object_id *patch_id;
+		if (*commit_base_at(&commit_base, commit))
+			continue;
+		if (commit_patch_id(commit, &diffopt, &oid, 0))
+			die(_("cannot get patch id"));
+		ALLOC_GROW(bases->patch_id, bases->nr_patch_id + 1, bases->alloc_patch_id);
+		patch_id = bases->patch_id + bases->nr_patch_id;
+		oidcpy(patch_id, &oid);
+		bases->nr_patch_id++;
+	}
+	clear_commit_base(&commit_base);
+}
+
+static void print_bases(struct base_tree_info *bases, FILE *file)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/* Only do this once, either for the cover or for the first one */
+	if (is_null_oid(&bases->base_commit))
+		return;
+
+	/* Show the base commit */
+	fprintf(file, "\nbase-commit: %s\n", oid_to_hex(&bases->base_commit));
+
+	/* Show the prerequisite patches */
+	for (i = bases->nr_patch_id - 1; i >= 0; i--)
+		fprintf(file, "prerequisite-patch-id: %s\n", oid_to_hex(&bases->patch_id[i]));
+
+	free(bases->patch_id);
+	bases->nr_patch_id = 0;
+	bases->alloc_patch_id = 0;
+	oidclr(&bases->base_commit);
+}
+
 int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct commit *commit;
@@ -1172,6 +1433,7 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int cover_letter = -1;
 	int boundary_count = 0;
 	int no_binary_diff = 0;
+	int zero_commit = 0;
 	struct commit *origin = NULL;
 	const char *in_reply_to = NULL;
 	struct patch_ids ids;
@@ -1180,7 +1442,11 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int quiet = 0;
 	int reroll_count = -1;
 	char *branch_name = NULL;
-	char *from = NULL;
+	char *base_commit = NULL;
+	struct base_tree_info bases;
+	int show_progress = 0;
+	struct progress *progress = NULL;
+
 	const struct option builtin_format_patch_options[] = {
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'n', "numbered", &numbered, NULL,
 			    N_("use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"),
@@ -1201,6 +1467,9 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			    N_("start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1")),
 		OPT_INTEGER('v', "reroll-count", &reroll_count,
 			    N_("mark the series as Nth re-roll")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "rfc", &rev, NULL,
+			    N_("Use [RFC PATCH] instead of [PATCH]"),
+			    PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, rfc_callback },
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "subject-prefix", &rev, N_("prefix"),
 			    N_("Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"),
 			    PARSE_OPT_NONEG, subject_prefix_callback },
@@ -1212,11 +1481,13 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			    PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, keep_callback },
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "no-binary", &no_binary_diff,
 			 N_("don't output binary diffs")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "zero-commit", &zero_commit,
+			 N_("output all-zero hash in From header")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "ignore-if-in-upstream", &ignore_if_in_upstream,
 			 N_("don't include a patch matching a commit upstream")),
-		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 'p', "no-stat", &use_patch_format, NULL,
-		  N_("show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"),
-		  PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL, 1},
+		OPT_SET_INT_F('p', "no-stat", &use_patch_format,
+			      N_("show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"),
+			      1, PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
 		OPT_GROUP(N_("Messaging")),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "add-header", NULL, N_("header"),
 			    N_("add email header"), 0, header_callback },
@@ -1241,23 +1512,28 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, thread_callback },
 		OPT_STRING(0, "signature", &signature, N_("signature"),
 			    N_("add a signature")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "base", &base_commit, N_("base-commit"),
+			   N_("add prerequisite tree info to the patch series")),
 		OPT_FILENAME(0, "signature-file", &signature_file,
 				N_("add a signature from a file")),
 		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("don't print the patch filenames")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &show_progress,
+			 N_("show progress while generating patches")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
 	extra_hdr.strdup_strings = 1;
 	extra_to.strdup_strings = 1;
 	extra_cc.strdup_strings = 1;
-	init_grep_defaults();
+	init_log_defaults();
 	git_config(git_format_config, NULL);
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 	rev.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_EMAIL;
+	rev.expand_tabs_in_log_default = 0;
 	rev.verbose_header = 1;
 	rev.diff = 1;
 	rev.max_parents = 1;
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, RECURSIVE);
+	rev.diffopt.flags.recursive = 1;
 	rev.subject_prefix = fmt_patch_subject_prefix;
 	memset(&s_r_opt, 0, sizeof(s_r_opt));
 	s_r_opt.def = "HEAD";
@@ -1332,14 +1608,14 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		numbered = 0;
 
 	if (numbered && keep_subject)
-		die (_("-n and -k are mutually exclusive."));
+		die(_("-n and -k are mutually exclusive"));
 	if (keep_subject && subject_prefix)
-		die (_("--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."));
+		die(_("--subject-prefix/--rfc and -k are mutually exclusive"));
 	rev.preserve_subject = keep_subject;
 
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, &s_r_opt);
 	if (argc > 1)
-		die (_("unrecognized argument: %s"), argv[1]);
+		die(_("unrecognized argument: %s"), argv[1]);
 
 	if (rev.diffopt.output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_NAME)
 		die(_("--name-only does not make sense"));
@@ -1352,22 +1628,31 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		(!rev.diffopt.output_format ||
 		 rev.diffopt.output_format == DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH))
 		rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT | DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY;
+	if (!rev.diffopt.stat_width)
+		rev.diffopt.stat_width = MAIL_DEFAULT_WRAP;
 
 	/* Always generate a patch */
 	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 
-	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev.diffopt, TEXT) && !no_binary_diff)
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, BINARY);
+	rev.zero_commit = zero_commit;
+
+	if (!rev.diffopt.flags.text && !no_binary_diff)
+		rev.diffopt.flags.binary = 1;
 
 	if (rev.show_notes)
 		init_display_notes(&rev.notes_opt);
 
+	if (!output_directory && !use_stdout)
+		output_directory = config_output_directory;
+
 	if (!use_stdout)
 		output_directory = set_outdir(prefix, output_directory);
 	else
 		setup_pager();
 
 	if (output_directory) {
+		if (rev.diffopt.use_color != GIT_COLOR_ALWAYS)
+			rev.diffopt.use_color = GIT_COLOR_NEVER;
 		if (use_stdout)
 			die(_("standard output, or directory, which one?"));
 		if (mkdir(output_directory, 0777) < 0 && errno != EEXIST)
@@ -1398,10 +1683,9 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			check_head = 1;
 
 		if (check_head) {
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
 			const char *ref, *v;
 			ref = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-						 sha1, NULL);
+						 NULL, NULL);
 			if (ref && skip_prefix(ref, "refs/heads/", &v))
 				branch_name = xstrdup(v);
 			else
@@ -1419,15 +1703,12 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		/* Don't say anything if head and upstream are the same. */
 		if (rev.pending.nr == 2) {
 			struct object_array_entry *o = rev.pending.objects;
-			if (hashcmp(o[0].item->sha1, o[1].item->sha1) == 0)
+			if (oidcmp(&o[0].item->oid, &o[1].item->oid) == 0)
 				return 0;
 		}
 		get_patch_ids(&rev, &ids);
 	}
 
-	if (!use_stdout)
-		realstdout = xfdopen(xdup(1), "w");
-
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
 		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 	rev.boundary = 1;
@@ -1438,8 +1719,7 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (ignore_if_in_upstream &&
-				has_commit_patch_id(commit, &ids))
+		if (ignore_if_in_upstream && has_commit_patch_id(commit, &ids))
 			continue;
 
 		nr++;
@@ -1450,16 +1730,16 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		/* nothing to do */
 		return 0;
 	total = nr;
-	if (!keep_subject && auto_number && total > 1)
-		numbered = 1;
-	if (numbered)
-		rev.total = total + start_number - 1;
 	if (cover_letter == -1) {
 		if (config_cover_letter == COVER_AUTO)
 			cover_letter = (total > 1);
 		else
 			cover_letter = (config_cover_letter == COVER_ON);
 	}
+	if (!keep_subject && auto_number && (total > 1 || cover_letter))
+		numbered = 1;
+	if (numbered)
+		rev.total = total + start_number - 1;
 
 	if (!signature) {
 		; /* --no-signature inhibits all signatures */
@@ -1473,6 +1753,14 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		signature = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 	}
 
+	memset(&bases, 0, sizeof(bases));
+	if (base_commit || base_auto) {
+		struct commit *base = get_base_commit(base_commit, list, nr);
+		reset_revision_walk();
+		clear_object_flags(UNINTERESTING);
+		prepare_bases(&bases, base, list, nr);
+	}
+
 	if (in_reply_to || thread || cover_letter)
 		rev.ref_message_ids = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
 	if (in_reply_to) {
@@ -1486,12 +1774,18 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			gen_message_id(&rev, "cover");
 		make_cover_letter(&rev, use_stdout,
 				  origin, nr, list, branch_name, quiet);
+		print_bases(&bases, rev.diffopt.file);
+		print_signature(rev.diffopt.file);
 		total++;
 		start_number--;
 	}
 	rev.add_signoff = do_signoff;
+
+	if (show_progress)
+		progress = start_delayed_progress(_("Generating patches"), total);
 	while (0 <= --nr) {
 		int shown;
+		display_progress(progress, total - nr);
 		commit = list[nr];
 		rev.nr = total - nr + (start_number - 1);
 		/* Make the second and subsequent mails replies to the first */
@@ -1527,11 +1821,11 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 					string_list_append(rev.ref_message_ids,
 							   rev.message_id);
 			}
-			gen_message_id(&rev, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+			gen_message_id(&rev, oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 		}
 
 		if (!use_stdout &&
-		    reopen_stdout(rev.numbered_files ? NULL : commit, NULL, &rev, quiet))
+		    open_next_file(rev.numbered_files ? NULL : commit, NULL, &rev, quiet))
 			die(_("Failed to create output files"));
 		shown = log_tree_commit(&rev, commit);
 		free_commit_buffer(commit);
@@ -1545,16 +1839,18 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (!use_stdout)
 			rev.shown_one = 0;
 		if (shown) {
+			print_bases(&bases, rev.diffopt.file);
 			if (rev.mime_boundary)
-				printf("\n--%s%s--\n\n\n",
+				fprintf(rev.diffopt.file, "\n--%s%s--\n\n\n",
 				       mime_boundary_leader,
 				       rev.mime_boundary);
 			else
-				print_signature();
+				print_signature(rev.diffopt.file);
 		}
 		if (!use_stdout)
-			fclose(stdout);
+			fclose(rev.diffopt.file);
 	}
+	stop_progress(&progress);
 	free(list);
 	free(branch_name);
 	string_list_clear(&extra_to, 0);
@@ -1567,9 +1863,10 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 static int add_pending_commit(const char *arg, struct rev_info *revs, int flags)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1) == 0) {
-		struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	struct object_id oid;
+	if (get_oid(arg, &oid) == 0) {
+		struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository,
+								&oid);
 		if (commit) {
 			commit->object.flags |= flags;
 			add_pending_object(revs, &commit->object, arg);
@@ -1585,16 +1882,16 @@ static const char * const cherry_usage[] = {
 };
 
 static void print_commit(char sign, struct commit *commit, int verbose,
-			 int abbrev)
+			 int abbrev, FILE *file)
 {
 	if (!verbose) {
-		printf("%c %s\n", sign,
-		       find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev));
+		fprintf(file, "%c %s\n", sign,
+		       find_unique_abbrev(&commit->object.oid, abbrev));
 	} else {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		pp_commit_easy(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit, &buf);
-		printf("%c %s %s\n", sign,
-		       find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev),
+		fprintf(file, "%c %s %s\n", sign,
+		       find_unique_abbrev(&commit->object.oid, abbrev),
 		       buf.buf);
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	}
@@ -1632,16 +1929,13 @@ int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		break;
 	default:
 		current_branch = branch_get(NULL);
-		if (!current_branch || !current_branch->merge
-					|| !current_branch->merge[0]
-					|| !current_branch->merge[0]->dst) {
+		upstream = branch_get_upstream(current_branch, NULL);
+		if (!upstream) {
 			fprintf(stderr, _("Could not find a tracked"
 					" remote branch, please"
 					" specify <upstream> manually.\n"));
 			usage_with_options(cherry_usage, options);
 		}
-
-		upstream = current_branch->merge[0]->dst;
 	}
 
 	init_revisions(&revs, prefix);
@@ -1655,7 +1949,7 @@ int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	/* Don't say anything if head and upstream are the same. */
 	if (revs.pending.nr == 2) {
 		struct object_array_entry *o = revs.pending.objects;
-		if (hashcmp(o[0].item->sha1, o[1].item->sha1) == 0)
+		if (oidcmp(&o[0].item->oid, &o[1].item->oid) == 0)
 			return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -1677,7 +1971,7 @@ int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		commit = list->item;
 		if (has_commit_patch_id(commit, &ids))
 			sign = '-';
-		print_commit(sign, commit, verbose, abbrev);
+		print_commit(sign, commit, verbose, abbrev, revs.diffopt.file);
 		list = list->next;
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin/ls-files.c b/builtin/ls-files.c
index 914054d367..7f9919a362 100644
--- a/builtin/ls-files.c
+++ b/builtin/ls-files.c
@@ -5,7 +5,10 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
  */
+#define NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
@@ -14,6 +17,9 @@
 #include "resolve-undo.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "pathspec.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
 
 static int abbrev;
 static int show_deleted;
@@ -25,8 +31,11 @@ static int show_resolve_undo;
 static int show_modified;
 static int show_killed;
 static int show_valid_bit;
+static int show_fsmonitor_bit;
 static int line_terminator = '\n';
 static int debug_mode;
+static int show_eol;
+static int recurse_submodules;
 
 static const char *prefix;
 static int max_prefix_len;
@@ -47,6 +56,23 @@ static const char *tag_modified = "";
 static const char *tag_skip_worktree = "";
 static const char *tag_resolve_undo = "";
 
+static void write_eolinfo(const struct index_state *istate,
+			  const struct cache_entry *ce, const char *path)
+{
+	if (show_eol) {
+		struct stat st;
+		const char *i_txt = "";
+		const char *w_txt = "";
+		const char *a_txt = get_convert_attr_ascii(istate, path);
+		if (ce && S_ISREG(ce->ce_mode))
+			i_txt = get_cached_convert_stats_ascii(istate,
+							       ce->name);
+		if (!lstat(path, &st) && S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+			w_txt = get_wt_convert_stats_ascii(path);
+		printf("i/%-5s w/%-5s attr/%-17s\t", i_txt, w_txt, a_txt);
+	}
+}
+
 static void write_name(const char *name)
 {
 	/*
@@ -57,33 +83,75 @@ static void write_name(const char *name)
 				   stdout, line_terminator);
 }
 
-static void show_dir_entry(const char *tag, struct dir_entry *ent)
+static const char *get_tag(const struct cache_entry *ce, const char *tag)
+{
+	static char alttag[4];
+
+	if (tag && *tag && ((show_valid_bit && (ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID)) ||
+		(show_fsmonitor_bit && (ce->ce_flags & CE_FSMONITOR_VALID)))) {
+		memcpy(alttag, tag, 3);
+
+		if (isalpha(tag[0])) {
+			alttag[0] = tolower(tag[0]);
+		} else if (tag[0] == '?') {
+			alttag[0] = '!';
+		} else {
+			alttag[0] = 'v';
+			alttag[1] = tag[0];
+			alttag[2] = ' ';
+			alttag[3] = 0;
+		}
+
+		tag = alttag;
+	}
+
+	return tag;
+}
+
+static void print_debug(const struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	if (debug_mode) {
+		const struct stat_data *sd = &ce->ce_stat_data;
+
+		printf("  ctime: %d:%d\n", sd->sd_ctime.sec, sd->sd_ctime.nsec);
+		printf("  mtime: %d:%d\n", sd->sd_mtime.sec, sd->sd_mtime.nsec);
+		printf("  dev: %d\tino: %d\n", sd->sd_dev, sd->sd_ino);
+		printf("  uid: %d\tgid: %d\n", sd->sd_uid, sd->sd_gid);
+		printf("  size: %d\tflags: %x\n", sd->sd_size, ce->ce_flags);
+	}
+}
+
+static void show_dir_entry(const struct index_state *istate,
+			   const char *tag, struct dir_entry *ent)
 {
 	int len = max_prefix_len;
 
-	if (len >= ent->len)
+	if (len > ent->len)
 		die("git ls-files: internal error - directory entry not superset of prefix");
 
-	if (!dir_path_match(ent, &pathspec, len, ps_matched))
+	if (!dir_path_match(istate, ent, &pathspec, len, ps_matched))
 		return;
 
 	fputs(tag, stdout);
+	write_eolinfo(istate, NULL, ent->name);
 	write_name(ent->name);
 }
 
-static void show_other_files(struct dir_struct *dir)
+static void show_other_files(const struct index_state *istate,
+			     const struct dir_struct *dir)
 {
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < dir->nr; i++) {
 		struct dir_entry *ent = dir->entries[i];
-		if (!cache_name_is_other(ent->name, ent->len))
+		if (!index_name_is_other(istate, ent->name, ent->len))
 			continue;
-		show_dir_entry(tag_other, ent);
+		show_dir_entry(istate, tag_other, ent);
 	}
 }
 
-static void show_killed_files(struct dir_struct *dir)
+static void show_killed_files(const struct index_state *istate,
+			      const struct dir_struct *dir)
 {
 	int i;
 	for (i = 0; i < dir->nr; i++) {
@@ -97,28 +165,29 @@ static void show_killed_files(struct dir_struct *dir)
 				/* If ent->name is prefix of an entry in the
 				 * cache, it will be killed.
 				 */
-				pos = cache_name_pos(ent->name, ent->len);
+				pos = index_name_pos(istate, ent->name, ent->len);
 				if (0 <= pos)
-					die("bug in show-killed-files");
+					BUG("killed-file %.*s not found",
+						ent->len, ent->name);
 				pos = -pos - 1;
-				while (pos < active_nr &&
-				       ce_stage(active_cache[pos]))
+				while (pos < istate->cache_nr &&
+				       ce_stage(istate->cache[pos]))
 					pos++; /* skip unmerged */
-				if (active_nr <= pos)
+				if (istate->cache_nr <= pos)
 					break;
 				/* pos points at a name immediately after
 				 * ent->name in the cache.  Does it expect
 				 * ent->name to be a directory?
 				 */
-				len = ce_namelen(active_cache[pos]);
+				len = ce_namelen(istate->cache[pos]);
 				if ((ent->len < len) &&
-				    !strncmp(active_cache[pos]->name,
+				    !strncmp(istate->cache[pos]->name,
 					     ent->name, ent->len) &&
-				    active_cache[pos]->name[ent->len] == '/')
+				    istate->cache[pos]->name[ent->len] == '/')
 					killed = 1;
 				break;
 			}
-			if (0 <= cache_name_pos(ent->name, sp - ent->name)) {
+			if (0 <= index_name_pos(istate, ent->name, sp - ent->name)) {
 				/* If any of the leading directories in
 				 * ent->name is registered in the cache,
 				 * ent->name will be killed.
@@ -128,68 +197,67 @@ static void show_killed_files(struct dir_struct *dir)
 			}
 		}
 		if (killed)
-			show_dir_entry(tag_killed, dir->entries[i]);
+			show_dir_entry(istate, tag_killed, dir->entries[i]);
 	}
 }
 
-static void show_ce_entry(const char *tag, const struct cache_entry *ce)
-{
-	int len = max_prefix_len;
+static void show_files(struct repository *repo, struct dir_struct *dir);
 
-	if (len >= ce_namelen(ce))
-		die("git ls-files: internal error - cache entry not superset of prefix");
+static void show_submodule(struct repository *superproject,
+			   struct dir_struct *dir, const char *path)
+{
+	struct repository submodule;
 
-	if (!match_pathspec(&pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce),
-			    len, ps_matched,
-			    S_ISDIR(ce->ce_mode) || S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)))
+	if (repo_submodule_init(&submodule, superproject, path))
 		return;
 
-	if (tag && *tag && show_valid_bit &&
-	    (ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID)) {
-		static char alttag[4];
-		memcpy(alttag, tag, 3);
-		if (isalpha(tag[0]))
-			alttag[0] = tolower(tag[0]);
-		else if (tag[0] == '?')
-			alttag[0] = '!';
-		else {
-			alttag[0] = 'v';
-			alttag[1] = tag[0];
-			alttag[2] = ' ';
-			alttag[3] = 0;
-		}
-		tag = alttag;
-	}
+	if (repo_read_index(&submodule) < 0)
+		die("index file corrupt");
 
-	if (!show_stage) {
-		fputs(tag, stdout);
-	} else {
-		printf("%s%06o %s %d\t",
-		       tag,
-		       ce->ce_mode,
-		       find_unique_abbrev(ce->sha1,abbrev),
-		       ce_stage(ce));
-	}
-	write_name(ce->name);
-	if (debug_mode) {
-		const struct stat_data *sd = &ce->ce_stat_data;
+	show_files(&submodule, dir);
 
-		printf("  ctime: %d:%d\n", sd->sd_ctime.sec, sd->sd_ctime.nsec);
-		printf("  mtime: %d:%d\n", sd->sd_mtime.sec, sd->sd_mtime.nsec);
-		printf("  dev: %d\tino: %d\n", sd->sd_dev, sd->sd_ino);
-		printf("  uid: %d\tgid: %d\n", sd->sd_uid, sd->sd_gid);
-		printf("  size: %d\tflags: %x\n", sd->sd_size, ce->ce_flags);
+	repo_clear(&submodule);
+}
+
+static void show_ce(struct repository *repo, struct dir_struct *dir,
+		    const struct cache_entry *ce, const char *fullname,
+		    const char *tag)
+{
+	if (max_prefix_len > strlen(fullname))
+		die("git ls-files: internal error - cache entry not superset of prefix");
+
+	if (recurse_submodules && S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) &&
+	    is_submodule_active(repo, ce->name)) {
+		show_submodule(repo, dir, ce->name);
+	} else if (match_pathspec(repo->index, &pathspec, fullname, strlen(fullname),
+				  max_prefix_len, ps_matched,
+				  S_ISDIR(ce->ce_mode) ||
+				  S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))) {
+		tag = get_tag(ce, tag);
+
+		if (!show_stage) {
+			fputs(tag, stdout);
+		} else {
+			printf("%s%06o %s %d\t",
+			       tag,
+			       ce->ce_mode,
+			       find_unique_abbrev(&ce->oid, abbrev),
+			       ce_stage(ce));
+		}
+		write_eolinfo(repo->index, ce, fullname);
+		write_name(fullname);
+		print_debug(ce);
 	}
 }
 
-static void show_ru_info(void)
+static void show_ru_info(const struct index_state *istate)
 {
 	struct string_list_item *item;
 
-	if (!the_index.resolve_undo)
+	if (!istate->resolve_undo)
 		return;
 
-	for_each_string_list_item(item, the_index.resolve_undo) {
+	for_each_string_list_item(item, istate->resolve_undo) {
 		const char *path = item->string;
 		struct resolve_undo_info *ui = item->util;
 		int i, len;
@@ -197,100 +265,142 @@ static void show_ru_info(void)
 		len = strlen(path);
 		if (len < max_prefix_len)
 			continue; /* outside of the prefix */
-		if (!match_pathspec(&pathspec, path, len,
+		if (!match_pathspec(istate, &pathspec, path, len,
 				    max_prefix_len, ps_matched, 0))
 			continue; /* uninterested */
 		for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
 			if (!ui->mode[i])
 				continue;
 			printf("%s%06o %s %d\t", tag_resolve_undo, ui->mode[i],
-			       find_unique_abbrev(ui->sha1[i], abbrev),
+			       find_unique_abbrev(&ui->oid[i], abbrev),
 			       i + 1);
 			write_name(path);
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-static int ce_excluded(struct dir_struct *dir, const struct cache_entry *ce)
+static int ce_excluded(struct dir_struct *dir, struct index_state *istate,
+		       const char *fullname, const struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
 	int dtype = ce_to_dtype(ce);
-	return is_excluded(dir, ce->name, &dtype);
+	return is_excluded(dir, istate, fullname, &dtype);
+}
+
+static void construct_fullname(struct strbuf *out, const struct repository *repo,
+			       const struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	strbuf_reset(out);
+	if (repo->submodule_prefix)
+		strbuf_addstr(out, repo->submodule_prefix);
+	strbuf_addstr(out, ce->name);
 }
 
-static void show_files(struct dir_struct *dir)
+static void show_files(struct repository *repo, struct dir_struct *dir)
 {
 	int i;
+	struct strbuf fullname = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	/* For cached/deleted files we don't need to even do the readdir */
 	if (show_others || show_killed) {
 		if (!show_others)
 			dir->flags |= DIR_COLLECT_KILLED_ONLY;
-		fill_directory(dir, &pathspec);
+		fill_directory(dir, repo->index, &pathspec);
 		if (show_others)
-			show_other_files(dir);
+			show_other_files(repo->index, dir);
 		if (show_killed)
-			show_killed_files(dir);
+			show_killed_files(repo->index, dir);
 	}
 	if (show_cached || show_stage) {
-		for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-			const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+		for (i = 0; i < repo->index->cache_nr; i++) {
+			const struct cache_entry *ce = repo->index->cache[i];
+
+			construct_fullname(&fullname, repo, ce);
+
 			if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) &&
-			    !ce_excluded(dir, ce))
+			    !ce_excluded(dir, repo->index, fullname.buf, ce))
 				continue;
 			if (show_unmerged && !ce_stage(ce))
 				continue;
 			if (ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE)
 				continue;
-			show_ce_entry(ce_stage(ce) ? tag_unmerged :
-				(ce_skip_worktree(ce) ? tag_skip_worktree : tag_cached), ce);
+			show_ce(repo, dir, ce, fullname.buf,
+				ce_stage(ce) ? tag_unmerged :
+				(ce_skip_worktree(ce) ? tag_skip_worktree :
+				 tag_cached));
 		}
 	}
 	if (show_deleted || show_modified) {
-		for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-			const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+		for (i = 0; i < repo->index->cache_nr; i++) {
+			const struct cache_entry *ce = repo->index->cache[i];
 			struct stat st;
 			int err;
+
+			construct_fullname(&fullname, repo, ce);
+
 			if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) &&
-			    !ce_excluded(dir, ce))
+			    !ce_excluded(dir, repo->index, fullname.buf, ce))
 				continue;
 			if (ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE)
 				continue;
 			if (ce_skip_worktree(ce))
 				continue;
-			err = lstat(ce->name, &st);
+			err = lstat(fullname.buf, &st);
 			if (show_deleted && err)
-				show_ce_entry(tag_removed, ce);
-			if (show_modified && ce_modified(ce, &st, 0))
-				show_ce_entry(tag_modified, ce);
+				show_ce(repo, dir, ce, fullname.buf, tag_removed);
+			if (show_modified && ie_modified(repo->index, ce, &st, 0))
+				show_ce(repo, dir, ce, fullname.buf, tag_modified);
 		}
 	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&fullname);
 }
 
 /*
  * Prune the index to only contain stuff starting with "prefix"
  */
-static void prune_cache(const char *prefix)
+static void prune_index(struct index_state *istate,
+			const char *prefix, size_t prefixlen)
 {
-	int pos = cache_name_pos(prefix, max_prefix_len);
+	int pos;
 	unsigned int first, last;
 
+	if (!prefix || !istate->cache_nr)
+		return;
+	pos = index_name_pos(istate, prefix, prefixlen);
 	if (pos < 0)
 		pos = -pos-1;
-	memmove(active_cache, active_cache + pos,
-		(active_nr - pos) * sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
-	active_nr -= pos;
-	first = 0;
-	last = active_nr;
+	first = pos;
+	last = istate->cache_nr;
 	while (last > first) {
 		int next = (last + first) >> 1;
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[next];
-		if (!strncmp(ce->name, prefix, max_prefix_len)) {
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[next];
+		if (!strncmp(ce->name, prefix, prefixlen)) {
 			first = next+1;
 			continue;
 		}
 		last = next;
 	}
-	active_nr = last;
+	MOVE_ARRAY(istate->cache, istate->cache + pos, last - pos);
+	istate->cache_nr = last - pos;
+}
+
+static int get_common_prefix_len(const char *common_prefix)
+{
+	int common_prefix_len;
+
+	if (!common_prefix)
+		return 0;
+
+	common_prefix_len = strlen(common_prefix);
+
+	/*
+	 * If the prefix has a trailing slash, strip it so that submodules wont
+	 * be pruned from the index.
+	 */
+	if (common_prefix[common_prefix_len - 1] == '/')
+		common_prefix_len--;
+
+	return common_prefix_len;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -301,23 +411,24 @@ static void prune_cache(const char *prefix)
  * that were given from the command line.  We are not
  * going to write this index out.
  */
-void overlay_tree_on_cache(const char *tree_name, const char *prefix)
+void overlay_tree_on_index(struct index_state *istate,
+			   const char *tree_name, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct tree *tree;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct pathspec pathspec;
 	struct cache_entry *last_stage0 = NULL;
 	int i;
 
-	if (get_sha1(tree_name, sha1))
+	if (get_oid(tree_name, &oid))
 		die("tree-ish %s not found.", tree_name);
-	tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
+	tree = parse_tree_indirect(&oid);
 	if (!tree)
 		die("bad tree-ish %s", tree_name);
 
 	/* Hoist the unmerged entries up to stage #3 to make room */
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
 		if (!ce_stage(ce))
 			continue;
 		ce->ce_flags |= CE_STAGEMASK;
@@ -330,11 +441,11 @@ void overlay_tree_on_cache(const char *tree_name, const char *prefix)
 			       PATHSPEC_PREFER_CWD, prefix, matchbuf);
 	} else
 		memset(&pathspec, 0, sizeof(pathspec));
-	if (read_tree(tree, 1, &pathspec))
+	if (read_tree(tree, 1, &pathspec, istate))
 		die("unable to read tree entries %s", tree_name);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
 		switch (ce_stage(ce)) {
 		case 0:
 			last_stage0 = ce;
@@ -354,62 +465,11 @@ void overlay_tree_on_cache(const char *tree_name, const char *prefix)
 	}
 }
 
-int report_path_error(const char *ps_matched,
-		      const struct pathspec *pathspec,
-		      const char *prefix)
-{
-	/*
-	 * Make sure all pathspec matched; otherwise it is an error.
-	 */
-	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int num, errors = 0;
-	for (num = 0; num < pathspec->nr; num++) {
-		int other, found_dup;
-
-		if (ps_matched[num])
-			continue;
-		/*
-		 * The caller might have fed identical pathspec
-		 * twice.  Do not barf on such a mistake.
-		 * FIXME: parse_pathspec should have eliminated
-		 * duplicate pathspec.
-		 */
-		for (found_dup = other = 0;
-		     !found_dup && other < pathspec->nr;
-		     other++) {
-			if (other == num || !ps_matched[other])
-				continue;
-			if (!strcmp(pathspec->items[other].original,
-				    pathspec->items[num].original))
-				/*
-				 * Ok, we have a match already.
-				 */
-				found_dup = 1;
-		}
-		if (found_dup)
-			continue;
-
-		error("pathspec '%s' did not match any file(s) known to git.",
-		      pathspec->items[num].original);
-		errors++;
-	}
-	strbuf_release(&sb);
-	return errors;
-}
-
 static const char * const ls_files_usage[] = {
 	N_("git ls-files [<options>] [<file>...]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
-static int option_parse_z(const struct option *opt,
-			  const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	line_terminator = unset ? '\n' : '\0';
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static int option_parse_exclude(const struct option *opt,
 				const char *arg, int unset)
 {
@@ -451,13 +511,15 @@ int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *cmd_prefix)
 	struct exclude_list *el;
 	struct string_list exclude_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	struct option builtin_ls_files_options[] = {
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'z', NULL, NULL, NULL,
-			N_("paths are separated with NUL character"),
-			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_z },
+		/* Think twice before adding "--nul" synonym to this */
+		OPT_SET_INT('z', NULL, &line_terminator,
+			N_("paths are separated with NUL character"), '\0'),
 		OPT_BOOL('t', NULL, &show_tag,
 			N_("identify the file status with tags")),
 		OPT_BOOL('v', NULL, &show_valid_bit,
 			N_("use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files")),
+		OPT_BOOL('f', NULL, &show_fsmonitor_bit,
+			N_("use lowercase letters for 'fsmonitor clean' files")),
 		OPT_BOOL('c', "cached", &show_cached,
 			N_("show cached files in the output (default)")),
 		OPT_BOOL('d', "deleted", &show_deleted,
@@ -476,6 +538,7 @@ int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *cmd_prefix)
 		OPT_BIT(0, "directory", &dir.flags,
 			N_("show 'other' directories' names only"),
 			DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "eol", &show_eol, N_("show line endings of files")),
 		OPT_NEGBIT(0, "empty-directory", &dir.flags,
 			N_("don't show empty directories"),
 			DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES),
@@ -494,9 +557,11 @@ int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *cmd_prefix)
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude-standard", &dir, NULL,
 			N_("add the standard git exclusions"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_exclude_standard },
-		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "full-name", &prefix_len, NULL,
-			N_("make the output relative to the project top directory"),
-			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL },
+		OPT_SET_INT_F(0, "full-name", &prefix_len,
+			      N_("make the output relative to the project top directory"),
+			      0, PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "recurse-submodules", &recurse_submodules,
+			N_("recurse through submodules")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "error-unmatch", &error_unmatch,
 			N_("if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error")),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "with-tree", &with_tree, N_("tree-ish"),
@@ -515,7 +580,7 @@ int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *cmd_prefix)
 		prefix_len = strlen(prefix);
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
-	if (read_cache() < 0)
+	if (repo_read_index(the_repository) < 0)
 		die("index file corrupt");
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_ls_files_options,
@@ -524,7 +589,7 @@ int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *cmd_prefix)
 	for (i = 0; i < exclude_list.nr; i++) {
 		add_exclude(exclude_list.items[i].string, "", 0, el, --exclude_args);
 	}
-	if (show_tag || show_valid_bit) {
+	if (show_tag || show_valid_bit || show_fsmonitor_bit) {
 		tag_cached = "H ";
 		tag_unmerged = "M ";
 		tag_removed = "R ";
@@ -548,18 +613,38 @@ int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *cmd_prefix)
 	if (require_work_tree && !is_inside_work_tree())
 		setup_work_tree();
 
+	if (recurse_submodules &&
+	    (show_stage || show_deleted || show_others || show_unmerged ||
+	     show_killed || show_modified || show_resolve_undo || with_tree))
+		die("ls-files --recurse-submodules unsupported mode");
+
+	if (recurse_submodules && error_unmatch)
+		die("ls-files --recurse-submodules does not support "
+		    "--error-unmatch");
+
 	parse_pathspec(&pathspec, 0,
-		       PATHSPEC_PREFER_CWD |
-		       PATHSPEC_STRIP_SUBMODULE_SLASH_CHEAP,
+		       PATHSPEC_PREFER_CWD,
 		       prefix, argv);
 
-	/* Find common prefix for all pathspec's */
-	max_prefix = common_prefix(&pathspec);
-	max_prefix_len = max_prefix ? strlen(max_prefix) : 0;
+	/*
+	 * Find common prefix for all pathspec's
+	 * This is used as a performance optimization which unfortunately cannot
+	 * be done when recursing into submodules because when a pathspec is
+	 * given which spans repository boundaries you can't simply remove the
+	 * submodule entry because the pathspec may match something inside the
+	 * submodule.
+	 */
+	if (recurse_submodules)
+		max_prefix = NULL;
+	else
+		max_prefix = common_prefix(&pathspec);
+	max_prefix_len = get_common_prefix_len(max_prefix);
+
+	prune_index(the_repository->index, max_prefix, max_prefix_len);
 
 	/* Treat unmatching pathspec elements as errors */
 	if (pathspec.nr && error_unmatch)
-		ps_matched = xcalloc(1, pathspec.nr);
+		ps_matched = xcalloc(pathspec.nr, 1);
 
 	if ((dir.flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) && !exc_given)
 		die("ls-files --ignored needs some exclude pattern");
@@ -569,8 +654,6 @@ int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *cmd_prefix)
 	      show_killed || show_modified || show_resolve_undo))
 		show_cached = 1;
 
-	if (max_prefix)
-		prune_cache(max_prefix);
 	if (with_tree) {
 		/*
 		 * Basic sanity check; show-stages and show-unmerged
@@ -578,11 +661,13 @@ int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *cmd_prefix)
 		 */
 		if (show_stage || show_unmerged)
 			die("ls-files --with-tree is incompatible with -s or -u");
-		overlay_tree_on_cache(with_tree, max_prefix);
+		overlay_tree_on_index(the_repository->index, with_tree, max_prefix);
 	}
-	show_files(&dir);
+
+	show_files(the_repository, &dir);
+
 	if (show_resolve_undo)
-		show_ru_info();
+		show_ru_info(the_repository->index);
 
 	if (ps_matched) {
 		int bad;
@@ -593,5 +678,6 @@ int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *cmd_prefix)
 		return bad ? 1 : 0;
 	}
 
+	UNLEAK(dir);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/ls-remote.c b/builtin/ls-remote.c
index 4554dbc8a9..1a25df7ee1 100644
--- a/builtin/ls-remote.c
+++ b/builtin/ls-remote.c
@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "transport.h"
+#include "ref-filter.h"
 #include "remote.h"
+#include "refs.h"
 
-static const char ls_remote_usage[] =
-"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags]  [-u <exec> | --upload-pack <exec>]\n"
-"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url] [<repository> [<refs>...]]";
+static const char * const ls_remote_usage[] = {
+	N_("git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+	   "                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+	   "                     [--symref] [<repository> [<refs>...]]"),
+	NULL
+};
 
 /*
  * Is there one among the list of patterns that match the tail part
@@ -14,92 +19,87 @@ static const char ls_remote_usage[] =
 static int tail_match(const char **pattern, const char *path)
 {
 	const char *p;
-	char pathbuf[PATH_MAX];
+	char *pathbuf;
 
 	if (!pattern)
 		return 1; /* no restriction */
 
-	if (snprintf(pathbuf, sizeof(pathbuf), "/%s", path) > sizeof(pathbuf))
-		return error("insanely long ref %.*s...", 20, path);
+	pathbuf = xstrfmt("/%s", path);
 	while ((p = *(pattern++)) != NULL) {
-		if (!wildmatch(p, pathbuf, 0, NULL))
+		if (!wildmatch(p, pathbuf, 0)) {
+			free(pathbuf);
 			return 1;
+		}
 	}
+	free(pathbuf);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 int cmd_ls_remote(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i;
 	const char *dest = NULL;
 	unsigned flags = 0;
 	int get_url = 0;
 	int quiet = 0;
 	int status = 0;
+	int show_symref_target = 0;
 	const char *uploadpack = NULL;
 	const char **pattern = NULL;
+	struct argv_array ref_prefixes = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	int i;
+	struct string_list server_options = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 
 	struct remote *remote;
 	struct transport *transport;
 	const struct ref *ref;
+	struct ref_array ref_array;
+	static struct ref_sorting *sorting = NULL, **sorting_tail = &sorting;
 
-	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp("-h", argv[1]))
-		usage(ls_remote_usage);
-
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-
-		if (*arg == '-') {
-			if (starts_with(arg, "--upload-pack=")) {
-				uploadpack = arg + 14;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (starts_with(arg, "--exec=")) {
-				uploadpack = arg + 7;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("--tags", arg) || !strcmp("-t", arg)) {
-				flags |= REF_TAGS;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("--heads", arg) || !strcmp("-h", arg)) {
-				flags |= REF_HEADS;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("--refs", arg)) {
-				flags |= REF_NORMAL;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("--quiet", arg) || !strcmp("-q", arg)) {
-				quiet = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("--get-url", arg)) {
-				get_url = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("--exit-code", arg)) {
-				/* return this code if no refs are reported */
-				status = 2;
-				continue;
-			}
-			usage(ls_remote_usage);
-		}
-		dest = arg;
-		i++;
-		break;
-	}
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("do not print remote URL")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "upload-pack", &uploadpack, N_("exec"),
+			   N_("path of git-upload-pack on the remote host")),
+		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "exec", &uploadpack, N_("exec"),
+			   N_("path of git-upload-pack on the remote host"),
+			   PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
+		OPT_BIT('t', "tags", &flags, N_("limit to tags"), REF_TAGS),
+		OPT_BIT('h', "heads", &flags, N_("limit to heads"), REF_HEADS),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "refs", &flags, N_("do not show peeled tags"), REF_NORMAL),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "get-url", &get_url,
+			 N_("take url.<base>.insteadOf into account")),
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0 , "sort", sorting_tail, N_("key"),
+			     N_("field name to sort on"), &parse_opt_ref_sorting),
+		OPT_SET_INT_F(0, "exit-code", &status,
+			      N_("exit with exit code 2 if no matching refs are found"),
+			      2, PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "symref", &show_symref_target,
+			 N_("show underlying ref in addition to the object pointed by it")),
+		OPT_STRING_LIST('o', "server-option", &server_options, N_("server-specific"), N_("option to transmit")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	memset(&ref_array, 0, sizeof(ref_array));
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, ls_remote_usage,
+			     PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
+	dest = argv[0];
 
-	if (argv[i]) {
-		int j;
-		pattern = xcalloc(argc - i + 1, sizeof(const char *));
-		for (j = i; j < argc; j++) {
-			int len = strlen(argv[j]);
-			char *p = xmalloc(len + 3);
-			sprintf(p, "*/%s", argv[j]);
-			pattern[j - i] = p;
+	if (argc > 1) {
+		int i;
+		pattern = xcalloc(argc, sizeof(const char *));
+		for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+			const char *glob;
+			pattern[i - 1] = xstrfmt("*/%s", argv[i]);
+
+			glob = strchr(argv[i], '*');
+			if (glob)
+				argv_array_pushf(&ref_prefixes, "%.*s",
+						 (int)(glob - argv[i]), argv[i]);
+			else
+				expand_ref_prefix(&ref_prefixes, argv[i]);
 		}
 	}
+
 	remote = remote_get(dest);
 	if (!remote) {
 		if (dest)
@@ -111,26 +111,46 @@ int cmd_ls_remote(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (get_url) {
 		printf("%s\n", *remote->url);
+		UNLEAK(sorting);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	transport = transport_get(remote, NULL);
 	if (uploadpack != NULL)
 		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_UPLOADPACK, uploadpack);
+	if (server_options.nr)
+		transport->server_options = &server_options;
 
-	ref = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
-	if (transport_disconnect(transport))
+	ref = transport_get_remote_refs(transport, &ref_prefixes);
+	if (transport_disconnect(transport)) {
+		UNLEAK(sorting);
 		return 1;
+	}
 
 	if (!dest && !quiet)
 		fprintf(stderr, "From %s\n", *remote->url);
 	for ( ; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		struct ref_array_item *item;
 		if (!check_ref_type(ref, flags))
 			continue;
 		if (!tail_match(pattern, ref->name))
 			continue;
-		printf("%s	%s\n", sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), ref->name);
+		item = ref_array_push(&ref_array, ref->name, &ref->old_oid);
+		item->symref = xstrdup_or_null(ref->symref);
+	}
+
+	if (sorting)
+		ref_array_sort(sorting, &ref_array);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ref_array.nr; i++) {
+		const struct ref_array_item *ref = ref_array.items[i];
+		if (show_symref_target && ref->symref)
+			printf("ref: %s\t%s\n", ref->symref, ref->refname);
+		printf("%s\t%s\n", oid_to_hex(&ref->objectname), ref->refname);
 		status = 0; /* we found something */
 	}
+
+	UNLEAK(sorting);
+	UNLEAK(ref_array);
 	return status;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/ls-tree.c b/builtin/ls-tree.c
index 3b04a0f082..fe3b952cb3 100644
--- a/builtin/ls-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/ls-tree.c
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "commit.h"
@@ -31,21 +33,18 @@ static const  char * const ls_tree_usage[] = {
 
 static int show_recursive(const char *base, int baselen, const char *pathname)
 {
-	const char **s;
+	int i;
 
 	if (ls_options & LS_RECURSIVE)
 		return 1;
 
-	s = pathspec._raw;
-	if (!s)
+	if (!pathspec.nr)
 		return 0;
 
-	for (;;) {
-		const char *spec = *s++;
+	for (i = 0; i < pathspec.nr; i++) {
+		const char *spec = pathspec.items[i].match;
 		int len, speclen;
 
-		if (!spec)
-			return 0;
 		if (strncmp(base, spec, baselen))
 			continue;
 		len = strlen(pathname);
@@ -59,9 +58,10 @@ static int show_recursive(const char *base, int baselen, const char *pathname)
 			continue;
 		return 1;
 	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static int show_tree(const unsigned char *sha1, struct strbuf *base,
+static int show_tree(const struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *base,
 		const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage, void *context)
 {
 	int retval = 0;
@@ -95,19 +95,20 @@ static int show_tree(const unsigned char *sha1, struct strbuf *base,
 			char size_text[24];
 			if (!strcmp(type, blob_type)) {
 				unsigned long size;
-				if (sha1_object_info(sha1, &size) == OBJ_BAD)
-					strcpy(size_text, "BAD");
+				if (oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, &size) == OBJ_BAD)
+					xsnprintf(size_text, sizeof(size_text),
+						  "BAD");
 				else
-					snprintf(size_text, sizeof(size_text),
-						 "%lu", size);
+					xsnprintf(size_text, sizeof(size_text),
+						  "%lu", size);
 			} else
-				strcpy(size_text, "-");
+				xsnprintf(size_text, sizeof(size_text), "-");
 			printf("%06o %s %s %7s\t", mode, type,
-			       find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev),
+			       find_unique_abbrev(oid, abbrev),
 			       size_text);
 		} else
 			printf("%06o %s %s\t", mode, type,
-			       find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev));
+			       find_unique_abbrev(oid, abbrev));
 	}
 	baselen = base->len;
 	strbuf_addstr(base, pathname);
@@ -120,7 +121,7 @@ static int show_tree(const unsigned char *sha1, struct strbuf *base,
 
 int cmd_ls_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct tree *tree;
 	int i, full_tree = 0;
 	const struct option ls_tree_options[] = {
@@ -165,7 +166,7 @@ int cmd_ls_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (argc < 1)
 		usage_with_options(ls_tree_usage, ls_tree_options);
-	if (get_sha1(argv[0], sha1))
+	if (get_oid(argv[0], &oid))
 		die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[0]);
 
 	/*
@@ -174,14 +175,14 @@ int cmd_ls_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * cannot be lifted until it is converted to use
 	 * match_pathspec() or tree_entry_interesting()
 	 */
-	parse_pathspec(&pathspec, PATHSPEC_GLOB | PATHSPEC_ICASE |
-				  PATHSPEC_EXCLUDE,
+	parse_pathspec(&pathspec, PATHSPEC_ALL_MAGIC &
+				  ~(PATHSPEC_FROMTOP | PATHSPEC_LITERAL),
 		       PATHSPEC_PREFER_CWD,
 		       prefix, argv + 1);
 	for (i = 0; i < pathspec.nr; i++)
 		pathspec.items[i].nowildcard_len = pathspec.items[i].len;
 	pathspec.has_wildcard = 0;
-	tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
+	tree = parse_tree_indirect(&oid);
 	if (!tree)
 		die("not a tree object");
 	return !!read_tree_recursive(tree, "", 0, 0, &pathspec, show_tree, NULL);
diff --git a/builtin/mailinfo.c b/builtin/mailinfo.c
index 999a5250fb..cfb667a594 100644
--- a/builtin/mailinfo.c
+++ b/builtin/mailinfo.c
@@ -6,1029 +6,7 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
-
-static FILE *cmitmsg, *patchfile, *fin, *fout;
-
-static int keep_subject;
-static int keep_non_patch_brackets_in_subject;
-static const char *metainfo_charset;
-static struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
-static struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
-static struct strbuf email = STRBUF_INIT;
-static char *message_id;
-
-static enum  {
-	TE_DONTCARE, TE_QP, TE_BASE64
-} transfer_encoding;
-
-static struct strbuf charset = STRBUF_INIT;
-static int patch_lines;
-static struct strbuf **p_hdr_data, **s_hdr_data;
-static int use_scissors;
-static int add_message_id;
-static int use_inbody_headers = 1;
-
-#define MAX_HDR_PARSED 10
-#define MAX_BOUNDARIES 5
-
-static void cleanup_space(struct strbuf *sb);
-
-
-static void get_sane_name(struct strbuf *out, struct strbuf *name, struct strbuf *email)
-{
-	struct strbuf *src = name;
-	if (name->len < 3 || 60 < name->len || strchr(name->buf, '@') ||
-		strchr(name->buf, '<') || strchr(name->buf, '>'))
-		src = email;
-	else if (name == out)
-		return;
-	strbuf_reset(out);
-	strbuf_addbuf(out, src);
-}
-
-static void parse_bogus_from(const struct strbuf *line)
-{
-	/* John Doe <johndoe> */
-
-	char *bra, *ket;
-	/* This is fallback, so do not bother if we already have an
-	 * e-mail address.
-	 */
-	if (email.len)
-		return;
-
-	bra = strchr(line->buf, '<');
-	if (!bra)
-		return;
-	ket = strchr(bra, '>');
-	if (!ket)
-		return;
-
-	strbuf_reset(&email);
-	strbuf_add(&email, bra + 1, ket - bra - 1);
-
-	strbuf_reset(&name);
-	strbuf_add(&name, line->buf, bra - line->buf);
-	strbuf_trim(&name);
-	get_sane_name(&name, &name, &email);
-}
-
-static void handle_from(const struct strbuf *from)
-{
-	char *at;
-	size_t el;
-	struct strbuf f;
-
-	strbuf_init(&f, from->len);
-	strbuf_addbuf(&f, from);
-
-	at = strchr(f.buf, '@');
-	if (!at) {
-		parse_bogus_from(from);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * If we already have one email, don't take any confusing lines
-	 */
-	if (email.len && strchr(at + 1, '@')) {
-		strbuf_release(&f);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/* Pick up the string around '@', possibly delimited with <>
-	 * pair; that is the email part.
-	 */
-	while (at > f.buf) {
-		char c = at[-1];
-		if (isspace(c))
-			break;
-		if (c == '<') {
-			at[-1] = ' ';
-			break;
-		}
-		at--;
-	}
-	el = strcspn(at, " \n\t\r\v\f>");
-	strbuf_reset(&email);
-	strbuf_add(&email, at, el);
-	strbuf_remove(&f, at - f.buf, el + (at[el] ? 1 : 0));
-
-	/* The remainder is name.  It could be
-	 *
-	 * - "John Doe <john.doe@xz>"			(a), or
-	 * - "john.doe@xz (John Doe)"			(b), or
-	 * - "John (zzz) Doe <john.doe@xz> (Comment)"	(c)
-	 *
-	 * but we have removed the email part, so
-	 *
-	 * - remove extra spaces which could stay after email (case 'c'), and
-	 * - trim from both ends, possibly removing the () pair at the end
-	 *   (cases 'a' and 'b').
-	 */
-	cleanup_space(&f);
-	strbuf_trim(&f);
-	if (f.buf[0] == '(' && f.len && f.buf[f.len - 1] == ')') {
-		strbuf_remove(&f, 0, 1);
-		strbuf_setlen(&f, f.len - 1);
-	}
-
-	get_sane_name(&name, &f, &email);
-	strbuf_release(&f);
-}
-
-static void handle_header(struct strbuf **out, const struct strbuf *line)
-{
-	if (!*out) {
-		*out = xmalloc(sizeof(struct strbuf));
-		strbuf_init(*out, line->len);
-	} else
-		strbuf_reset(*out);
-
-	strbuf_addbuf(*out, line);
-}
-
-/* NOTE NOTE NOTE.  We do not claim we do full MIME.  We just attempt
- * to have enough heuristics to grok MIME encoded patches often found
- * on our mailing lists.  For example, we do not even treat header lines
- * case insensitively.
- */
-
-static int slurp_attr(const char *line, const char *name, struct strbuf *attr)
-{
-	const char *ends, *ap = strcasestr(line, name);
-	size_t sz;
-
-	strbuf_setlen(attr, 0);
-	if (!ap)
-		return 0;
-	ap += strlen(name);
-	if (*ap == '"') {
-		ap++;
-		ends = "\"";
-	}
-	else
-		ends = "; \t";
-	sz = strcspn(ap, ends);
-	strbuf_add(attr, ap, sz);
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static struct strbuf *content[MAX_BOUNDARIES];
-
-static struct strbuf **content_top = content;
-
-static void handle_content_type(struct strbuf *line)
-{
-	struct strbuf *boundary = xmalloc(sizeof(struct strbuf));
-	strbuf_init(boundary, line->len);
-
-	if (slurp_attr(line->buf, "boundary=", boundary)) {
-		strbuf_insert(boundary, 0, "--", 2);
-		if (++content_top > &content[MAX_BOUNDARIES]) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Too many boundaries to handle\n");
-			exit(1);
-		}
-		*content_top = boundary;
-		boundary = NULL;
-	}
-	slurp_attr(line->buf, "charset=", &charset);
-
-	if (boundary) {
-		strbuf_release(boundary);
-		free(boundary);
-	}
-}
-
-static void handle_message_id(const struct strbuf *line)
-{
-	if (add_message_id)
-		message_id = strdup(line->buf);
-}
-
-static void handle_content_transfer_encoding(const struct strbuf *line)
-{
-	if (strcasestr(line->buf, "base64"))
-		transfer_encoding = TE_BASE64;
-	else if (strcasestr(line->buf, "quoted-printable"))
-		transfer_encoding = TE_QP;
-	else
-		transfer_encoding = TE_DONTCARE;
-}
-
-static int is_multipart_boundary(const struct strbuf *line)
-{
-	return (((*content_top)->len <= line->len) &&
-		!memcmp(line->buf, (*content_top)->buf, (*content_top)->len));
-}
-
-static void cleanup_subject(struct strbuf *subject)
-{
-	size_t at = 0;
-
-	while (at < subject->len) {
-		char *pos;
-		size_t remove;
-
-		switch (subject->buf[at]) {
-		case 'r': case 'R':
-			if (subject->len <= at + 3)
-				break;
-			if ((subject->buf[at + 1] == 'e' ||
-			     subject->buf[at + 1] == 'E') &&
-			    subject->buf[at + 2] == ':') {
-				strbuf_remove(subject, at, 3);
-				continue;
-			}
-			at++;
-			break;
-		case ' ': case '\t': case ':':
-			strbuf_remove(subject, at, 1);
-			continue;
-		case '[':
-			pos = strchr(subject->buf + at, ']');
-			if (!pos)
-				break;
-			remove = pos - subject->buf + at + 1;
-			if (!keep_non_patch_brackets_in_subject ||
-			    (7 <= remove &&
-			     memmem(subject->buf + at, remove, "PATCH", 5)))
-				strbuf_remove(subject, at, remove);
-			else {
-				at += remove;
-				/*
-				 * If the input had a space after the ], keep
-				 * it.  We don't bother with finding the end of
-				 * the space, since we later normalize it
-				 * anyway.
-				 */
-				if (isspace(subject->buf[at]))
-					at += 1;
-			}
-			continue;
-		}
-		break;
-	}
-	strbuf_trim(subject);
-}
-
-static void cleanup_space(struct strbuf *sb)
-{
-	size_t pos, cnt;
-	for (pos = 0; pos < sb->len; pos++) {
-		if (isspace(sb->buf[pos])) {
-			sb->buf[pos] = ' ';
-			for (cnt = 0; isspace(sb->buf[pos + cnt + 1]); cnt++);
-			strbuf_remove(sb, pos + 1, cnt);
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-static void decode_header(struct strbuf *line);
-static const char *header[MAX_HDR_PARSED] = {
-	"From","Subject","Date",
-};
-
-static inline int cmp_header(const struct strbuf *line, const char *hdr)
-{
-	int len = strlen(hdr);
-	return !strncasecmp(line->buf, hdr, len) && line->len > len &&
-			line->buf[len] == ':' && isspace(line->buf[len + 1]);
-}
-
-static int is_format_patch_separator(const char *line, int len)
-{
-	static const char SAMPLE[] =
-		"From e6807f3efca28b30decfecb1732a56c7db1137ee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001\n";
-	const char *cp;
-
-	if (len != strlen(SAMPLE))
-		return 0;
-	if (!skip_prefix(line, "From ", &cp))
-		return 0;
-	if (strspn(cp, "0123456789abcdef") != 40)
-		return 0;
-	cp += 40;
-	return !memcmp(SAMPLE + (cp - line), cp, strlen(SAMPLE) - (cp - line));
-}
-
-static int check_header(const struct strbuf *line,
-				struct strbuf *hdr_data[], int overwrite)
-{
-	int i, ret = 0, len;
-	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	/* search for the interesting parts */
-	for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {
-		int len = strlen(header[i]);
-		if ((!hdr_data[i] || overwrite) && cmp_header(line, header[i])) {
-			/* Unwrap inline B and Q encoding, and optionally
-			 * normalize the meta information to utf8.
-			 */
-			strbuf_add(&sb, line->buf + len + 2, line->len - len - 2);
-			decode_header(&sb);
-			handle_header(&hdr_data[i], &sb);
-			ret = 1;
-			goto check_header_out;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Content stuff */
-	if (cmp_header(line, "Content-Type")) {
-		len = strlen("Content-Type: ");
-		strbuf_add(&sb, line->buf + len, line->len - len);
-		decode_header(&sb);
-		strbuf_insert(&sb, 0, "Content-Type: ", len);
-		handle_content_type(&sb);
-		ret = 1;
-		goto check_header_out;
-	}
-	if (cmp_header(line, "Content-Transfer-Encoding")) {
-		len = strlen("Content-Transfer-Encoding: ");
-		strbuf_add(&sb, line->buf + len, line->len - len);
-		decode_header(&sb);
-		handle_content_transfer_encoding(&sb);
-		ret = 1;
-		goto check_header_out;
-	}
-	if (cmp_header(line, "Message-Id")) {
-		len = strlen("Message-Id: ");
-		strbuf_add(&sb, line->buf + len, line->len - len);
-		decode_header(&sb);
-		handle_message_id(&sb);
-		ret = 1;
-		goto check_header_out;
-	}
-
-	/* for inbody stuff */
-	if (starts_with(line->buf, ">From") && isspace(line->buf[5])) {
-		ret = is_format_patch_separator(line->buf + 1, line->len - 1);
-		goto check_header_out;
-	}
-	if (starts_with(line->buf, "[PATCH]") && isspace(line->buf[7])) {
-		for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {
-			if (!strcmp("Subject", header[i])) {
-				handle_header(&hdr_data[i], line);
-				ret = 1;
-				goto check_header_out;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-check_header_out:
-	strbuf_release(&sb);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static int is_rfc2822_header(const struct strbuf *line)
-{
-	/*
-	 * The section that defines the loosest possible
-	 * field name is "3.6.8 Optional fields".
-	 *
-	 * optional-field = field-name ":" unstructured CRLF
-	 * field-name = 1*ftext
-	 * ftext = %d33-57 / %59-126
-	 */
-	int ch;
-	char *cp = line->buf;
-
-	/* Count mbox From headers as headers */
-	if (starts_with(cp, "From ") || starts_with(cp, ">From "))
-		return 1;
-
-	while ((ch = *cp++)) {
-		if (ch == ':')
-			return 1;
-		if ((33 <= ch && ch <= 57) ||
-		    (59 <= ch && ch <= 126))
-			continue;
-		break;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int read_one_header_line(struct strbuf *line, FILE *in)
-{
-	/* Get the first part of the line. */
-	if (strbuf_getline(line, in, '\n'))
-		return 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Is it an empty line or not a valid rfc2822 header?
-	 * If so, stop here, and return false ("not a header")
-	 */
-	strbuf_rtrim(line);
-	if (!line->len || !is_rfc2822_header(line)) {
-		/* Re-add the newline */
-		strbuf_addch(line, '\n');
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Now we need to eat all the continuation lines..
-	 * Yuck, 2822 header "folding"
-	 */
-	for (;;) {
-		int peek;
-		struct strbuf continuation = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-		peek = fgetc(in); ungetc(peek, in);
-		if (peek != ' ' && peek != '\t')
-			break;
-		if (strbuf_getline(&continuation, in, '\n'))
-			break;
-		continuation.buf[0] = ' ';
-		strbuf_rtrim(&continuation);
-		strbuf_addbuf(line, &continuation);
-	}
-
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static struct strbuf *decode_q_segment(const struct strbuf *q_seg, int rfc2047)
-{
-	const char *in = q_seg->buf;
-	int c;
-	struct strbuf *out = xmalloc(sizeof(struct strbuf));
-	strbuf_init(out, q_seg->len);
-
-	while ((c = *in++) != 0) {
-		if (c == '=') {
-			int d = *in++;
-			if (d == '\n' || !d)
-				break; /* drop trailing newline */
-			strbuf_addch(out, (hexval(d) << 4) | hexval(*in++));
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (rfc2047 && c == '_') /* rfc2047 4.2 (2) */
-			c = 0x20;
-		strbuf_addch(out, c);
-	}
-	return out;
-}
-
-static struct strbuf *decode_b_segment(const struct strbuf *b_seg)
-{
-	/* Decode in..ep, possibly in-place to ot */
-	int c, pos = 0, acc = 0;
-	const char *in = b_seg->buf;
-	struct strbuf *out = xmalloc(sizeof(struct strbuf));
-	strbuf_init(out, b_seg->len);
-
-	while ((c = *in++) != 0) {
-		if (c == '+')
-			c = 62;
-		else if (c == '/')
-			c = 63;
-		else if ('A' <= c && c <= 'Z')
-			c -= 'A';
-		else if ('a' <= c && c <= 'z')
-			c -= 'a' - 26;
-		else if ('0' <= c && c <= '9')
-			c -= '0' - 52;
-		else
-			continue; /* garbage */
-		switch (pos++) {
-		case 0:
-			acc = (c << 2);
-			break;
-		case 1:
-			strbuf_addch(out, (acc | (c >> 4)));
-			acc = (c & 15) << 4;
-			break;
-		case 2:
-			strbuf_addch(out, (acc | (c >> 2)));
-			acc = (c & 3) << 6;
-			break;
-		case 3:
-			strbuf_addch(out, (acc | c));
-			acc = pos = 0;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	return out;
-}
-
-static void convert_to_utf8(struct strbuf *line, const char *charset)
-{
-	char *out;
-
-	if (!charset || !*charset)
-		return;
-
-	if (same_encoding(metainfo_charset, charset))
-		return;
-	out = reencode_string(line->buf, metainfo_charset, charset);
-	if (!out)
-		die("cannot convert from %s to %s",
-		    charset, metainfo_charset);
-	strbuf_attach(line, out, strlen(out), strlen(out));
-}
-
-static int decode_header_bq(struct strbuf *it)
-{
-	char *in, *ep, *cp;
-	struct strbuf outbuf = STRBUF_INIT, *dec;
-	struct strbuf charset_q = STRBUF_INIT, piecebuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int rfc2047 = 0;
-
-	in = it->buf;
-	while (in - it->buf <= it->len && (ep = strstr(in, "=?")) != NULL) {
-		int encoding;
-		strbuf_reset(&charset_q);
-		strbuf_reset(&piecebuf);
-		rfc2047 = 1;
-
-		if (in != ep) {
-			/*
-			 * We are about to process an encoded-word
-			 * that begins at ep, but there is something
-			 * before the encoded word.
-			 */
-			char *scan;
-			for (scan = in; scan < ep; scan++)
-				if (!isspace(*scan))
-					break;
-
-			if (scan != ep || in == it->buf) {
-				/*
-				 * We should not lose that "something",
-				 * unless we have just processed an
-				 * encoded-word, and there is only LWS
-				 * before the one we are about to process.
-				 */
-				strbuf_add(&outbuf, in, ep - in);
-			}
-		}
-		/* E.g.
-		 * ep : "=?iso-2022-jp?B?GyR...?= foo"
-		 * ep : "=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Foo=FCbar?= baz"
-		 */
-		ep += 2;
-
-		if (ep - it->buf >= it->len || !(cp = strchr(ep, '?')))
-			goto decode_header_bq_out;
-
-		if (cp + 3 - it->buf > it->len)
-			goto decode_header_bq_out;
-		strbuf_add(&charset_q, ep, cp - ep);
-
-		encoding = cp[1];
-		if (!encoding || cp[2] != '?')
-			goto decode_header_bq_out;
-		ep = strstr(cp + 3, "?=");
-		if (!ep)
-			goto decode_header_bq_out;
-		strbuf_add(&piecebuf, cp + 3, ep - cp - 3);
-		switch (tolower(encoding)) {
-		default:
-			goto decode_header_bq_out;
-		case 'b':
-			dec = decode_b_segment(&piecebuf);
-			break;
-		case 'q':
-			dec = decode_q_segment(&piecebuf, 1);
-			break;
-		}
-		if (metainfo_charset)
-			convert_to_utf8(dec, charset_q.buf);
-
-		strbuf_addbuf(&outbuf, dec);
-		strbuf_release(dec);
-		free(dec);
-		in = ep + 2;
-	}
-	strbuf_addstr(&outbuf, in);
-	strbuf_reset(it);
-	strbuf_addbuf(it, &outbuf);
-decode_header_bq_out:
-	strbuf_release(&outbuf);
-	strbuf_release(&charset_q);
-	strbuf_release(&piecebuf);
-	return rfc2047;
-}
-
-static void decode_header(struct strbuf *it)
-{
-	if (decode_header_bq(it))
-		return;
-	/* otherwise "it" is a straight copy of the input.
-	 * This can be binary guck but there is no charset specified.
-	 */
-	if (metainfo_charset)
-		convert_to_utf8(it, "");
-}
-
-static void decode_transfer_encoding(struct strbuf *line)
-{
-	struct strbuf *ret;
-
-	switch (transfer_encoding) {
-	case TE_QP:
-		ret = decode_q_segment(line, 0);
-		break;
-	case TE_BASE64:
-		ret = decode_b_segment(line);
-		break;
-	case TE_DONTCARE:
-	default:
-		return;
-	}
-	strbuf_reset(line);
-	strbuf_addbuf(line, ret);
-	strbuf_release(ret);
-	free(ret);
-}
-
-static void handle_filter(struct strbuf *line);
-
-static int find_boundary(void)
-{
-	while (!strbuf_getline(&line, fin, '\n')) {
-		if (*content_top && is_multipart_boundary(&line))
-			return 1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int handle_boundary(void)
-{
-	struct strbuf newline = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	strbuf_addch(&newline, '\n');
-again:
-	if (line.len >= (*content_top)->len + 2 &&
-	    !memcmp(line.buf + (*content_top)->len, "--", 2)) {
-		/* we hit an end boundary */
-		/* pop the current boundary off the stack */
-		strbuf_release(*content_top);
-		free(*content_top);
-		*content_top = NULL;
-
-		/* technically won't happen as is_multipart_boundary()
-		   will fail first.  But just in case..
-		 */
-		if (--content_top < content) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Detected mismatched boundaries, "
-					"can't recover\n");
-			exit(1);
-		}
-		handle_filter(&newline);
-		strbuf_release(&newline);
-
-		/* skip to the next boundary */
-		if (!find_boundary())
-			return 0;
-		goto again;
-	}
-
-	/* set some defaults */
-	transfer_encoding = TE_DONTCARE;
-	strbuf_reset(&charset);
-
-	/* slurp in this section's info */
-	while (read_one_header_line(&line, fin))
-		check_header(&line, p_hdr_data, 0);
-
-	strbuf_release(&newline);
-	/* replenish line */
-	if (strbuf_getline(&line, fin, '\n'))
-		return 0;
-	strbuf_addch(&line, '\n');
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static inline int patchbreak(const struct strbuf *line)
-{
-	size_t i;
-
-	/* Beginning of a "diff -" header? */
-	if (starts_with(line->buf, "diff -"))
-		return 1;
-
-	/* CVS "Index: " line? */
-	if (starts_with(line->buf, "Index: "))
-		return 1;
-
-	/*
-	 * "--- <filename>" starts patches without headers
-	 * "---<sp>*" is a manual separator
-	 */
-	if (line->len < 4)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (starts_with(line->buf, "---")) {
-		/* space followed by a filename? */
-		if (line->buf[3] == ' ' && !isspace(line->buf[4]))
-			return 1;
-		/* Just whitespace? */
-		for (i = 3; i < line->len; i++) {
-			unsigned char c = line->buf[i];
-			if (c == '\n')
-				return 1;
-			if (!isspace(c))
-				break;
-		}
-		return 0;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int is_scissors_line(const struct strbuf *line)
-{
-	size_t i, len = line->len;
-	int scissors = 0, gap = 0;
-	int first_nonblank = -1;
-	int last_nonblank = 0, visible, perforation = 0, in_perforation = 0;
-	const char *buf = line->buf;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-		if (isspace(buf[i])) {
-			if (in_perforation) {
-				perforation++;
-				gap++;
-			}
-			continue;
-		}
-		last_nonblank = i;
-		if (first_nonblank < 0)
-			first_nonblank = i;
-		if (buf[i] == '-') {
-			in_perforation = 1;
-			perforation++;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (i + 1 < len &&
-		    (!memcmp(buf + i, ">8", 2) || !memcmp(buf + i, "8<", 2) ||
-		     !memcmp(buf + i, ">%", 2) || !memcmp(buf + i, "%<", 2))) {
-			in_perforation = 1;
-			perforation += 2;
-			scissors += 2;
-			i++;
-			continue;
-		}
-		in_perforation = 0;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * The mark must be at least 8 bytes long (e.g. "-- >8 --").
-	 * Even though there can be arbitrary cruft on the same line
-	 * (e.g. "cut here"), in order to avoid misidentification, the
-	 * perforation must occupy more than a third of the visible
-	 * width of the line, and dashes and scissors must occupy more
-	 * than half of the perforation.
-	 */
-
-	visible = last_nonblank - first_nonblank + 1;
-	return (scissors && 8 <= visible &&
-		visible < perforation * 3 &&
-		gap * 2 < perforation);
-}
-
-static int handle_commit_msg(struct strbuf *line)
-{
-	static int still_looking = 1;
-
-	if (!cmitmsg)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (still_looking) {
-		if (!line->len || (line->len == 1 && line->buf[0] == '\n'))
-			return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (use_inbody_headers && still_looking) {
-		still_looking = check_header(line, s_hdr_data, 0);
-		if (still_looking)
-			return 0;
-	} else
-		/* Only trim the first (blank) line of the commit message
-		 * when ignoring in-body headers.
-		 */
-		still_looking = 0;
-
-	/* normalize the log message to UTF-8. */
-	if (metainfo_charset)
-		convert_to_utf8(line, charset.buf);
-
-	if (use_scissors && is_scissors_line(line)) {
-		int i;
-		if (fseek(cmitmsg, 0L, SEEK_SET))
-			die_errno("Could not rewind output message file");
-		if (ftruncate(fileno(cmitmsg), 0))
-			die_errno("Could not truncate output message file at scissors");
-		still_looking = 1;
-
-		/*
-		 * We may have already read "secondary headers"; purge
-		 * them to give ourselves a clean restart.
-		 */
-		for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {
-			if (s_hdr_data[i])
-				strbuf_release(s_hdr_data[i]);
-			s_hdr_data[i] = NULL;
-		}
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (patchbreak(line)) {
-		if (message_id)
-			fprintf(cmitmsg, "Message-Id: %s\n", message_id);
-		fclose(cmitmsg);
-		cmitmsg = NULL;
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	fputs(line->buf, cmitmsg);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void handle_patch(const struct strbuf *line)
-{
-	fwrite(line->buf, 1, line->len, patchfile);
-	patch_lines++;
-}
-
-static void handle_filter(struct strbuf *line)
-{
-	static int filter = 0;
-
-	/* filter tells us which part we left off on */
-	switch (filter) {
-	case 0:
-		if (!handle_commit_msg(line))
-			break;
-		filter++;
-	case 1:
-		handle_patch(line);
-		break;
-	}
-}
-
-static void handle_body(void)
-{
-	struct strbuf prev = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	/* Skip up to the first boundary */
-	if (*content_top) {
-		if (!find_boundary())
-			goto handle_body_out;
-	}
-
-	do {
-		/* process any boundary lines */
-		if (*content_top && is_multipart_boundary(&line)) {
-			/* flush any leftover */
-			if (prev.len) {
-				handle_filter(&prev);
-				strbuf_reset(&prev);
-			}
-			if (!handle_boundary())
-				goto handle_body_out;
-		}
-
-		/* Unwrap transfer encoding */
-		decode_transfer_encoding(&line);
-
-		switch (transfer_encoding) {
-		case TE_BASE64:
-		case TE_QP:
-		{
-			struct strbuf **lines, **it, *sb;
-
-			/* Prepend any previous partial lines */
-			strbuf_insert(&line, 0, prev.buf, prev.len);
-			strbuf_reset(&prev);
-
-			/*
-			 * This is a decoded line that may contain
-			 * multiple new lines.  Pass only one chunk
-			 * at a time to handle_filter()
-			 */
-			lines = strbuf_split(&line, '\n');
-			for (it = lines; (sb = *it); it++) {
-				if (*(it + 1) == NULL) /* The last line */
-					if (sb->buf[sb->len - 1] != '\n') {
-						/* Partial line, save it for later. */
-						strbuf_addbuf(&prev, sb);
-						break;
-					}
-				handle_filter(sb);
-			}
-			/*
-			 * The partial chunk is saved in "prev" and will be
-			 * appended by the next iteration of read_line_with_nul().
-			 */
-			strbuf_list_free(lines);
-			break;
-		}
-		default:
-			handle_filter(&line);
-		}
-
-	} while (!strbuf_getwholeline(&line, fin, '\n'));
-
-handle_body_out:
-	strbuf_release(&prev);
-}
-
-static void output_header_lines(FILE *fout, const char *hdr, const struct strbuf *data)
-{
-	const char *sp = data->buf;
-	while (1) {
-		char *ep = strchr(sp, '\n');
-		int len;
-		if (!ep)
-			len = strlen(sp);
-		else
-			len = ep - sp;
-		fprintf(fout, "%s: %.*s\n", hdr, len, sp);
-		if (!ep)
-			break;
-		sp = ep + 1;
-	}
-}
-
-static void handle_info(void)
-{
-	struct strbuf *hdr;
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {
-		/* only print inbody headers if we output a patch file */
-		if (patch_lines && s_hdr_data[i])
-			hdr = s_hdr_data[i];
-		else if (p_hdr_data[i])
-			hdr = p_hdr_data[i];
-		else
-			continue;
-
-		if (!strcmp(header[i], "Subject")) {
-			if (!keep_subject) {
-				cleanup_subject(hdr);
-				cleanup_space(hdr);
-			}
-			output_header_lines(fout, "Subject", hdr);
-		} else if (!strcmp(header[i], "From")) {
-			cleanup_space(hdr);
-			handle_from(hdr);
-			fprintf(fout, "Author: %s\n", name.buf);
-			fprintf(fout, "Email: %s\n", email.buf);
-		} else {
-			cleanup_space(hdr);
-			fprintf(fout, "%s: %s\n", header[i], hdr->buf);
-		}
-	}
-	fprintf(fout, "\n");
-}
-
-static int mailinfo(FILE *in, FILE *out, const char *msg, const char *patch)
-{
-	int peek;
-	fin = in;
-	fout = out;
-
-	cmitmsg = fopen(msg, "w");
-	if (!cmitmsg) {
-		perror(msg);
-		return -1;
-	}
-	patchfile = fopen(patch, "w");
-	if (!patchfile) {
-		perror(patch);
-		fclose(cmitmsg);
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	p_hdr_data = xcalloc(MAX_HDR_PARSED, sizeof(*p_hdr_data));
-	s_hdr_data = xcalloc(MAX_HDR_PARSED, sizeof(*s_hdr_data));
-
-	do {
-		peek = fgetc(in);
-	} while (isspace(peek));
-	ungetc(peek, in);
-
-	/* process the email header */
-	while (read_one_header_line(&line, fin))
-		check_header(&line, p_hdr_data, 1);
-
-	handle_body();
-	handle_info();
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int git_mailinfo_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *unused)
-{
-	if (!starts_with(var, "mailinfo."))
-		return git_default_config(var, value, unused);
-	if (!strcmp(var, "mailinfo.scissors")) {
-		use_scissors = git_config_bool(var, value);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	/* perhaps others here */
-	return 0;
-}
+#include "mailinfo.h"
 
 static const char mailinfo_usage[] =
 	"git mailinfo [-k | -b] [-m | --message-id] [-u | --encoding=<encoding> | -n] [--scissors | --no-scissors] <msg> <patch> < mail >info";
@@ -1036,34 +14,34 @@ static const char mailinfo_usage[] =
 int cmd_mailinfo(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	const char *def_charset;
+	struct mailinfo mi;
+	int status;
+	char *msgfile, *patchfile;
 
-	/* NEEDSWORK: might want to do the optional .git/ directory
-	 * discovery
-	 */
-	git_config(git_mailinfo_config, NULL);
+	setup_mailinfo(&mi);
 
 	def_charset = get_commit_output_encoding();
-	metainfo_charset = def_charset;
+	mi.metainfo_charset = def_charset;
 
 	while (1 < argc && argv[1][0] == '-') {
 		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-k"))
-			keep_subject = 1;
+			mi.keep_subject = 1;
 		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-b"))
-			keep_non_patch_brackets_in_subject = 1;
+			mi.keep_non_patch_brackets_in_subject = 1;
 		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-m") || !strcmp(argv[1], "--message-id"))
-			add_message_id = 1;
+			mi.add_message_id = 1;
 		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-u"))
-			metainfo_charset = def_charset;
+			mi.metainfo_charset = def_charset;
 		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-n"))
-			metainfo_charset = NULL;
+			mi.metainfo_charset = NULL;
 		else if (starts_with(argv[1], "--encoding="))
-			metainfo_charset = argv[1] + 11;
+			mi.metainfo_charset = argv[1] + 11;
 		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--scissors"))
-			use_scissors = 1;
+			mi.use_scissors = 1;
 		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--no-scissors"))
-			use_scissors = 0;
+			mi.use_scissors = 0;
 		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--no-inbody-headers"))
-			use_inbody_headers = 0;
+			mi.use_inbody_headers = 0;
 		else
 			usage(mailinfo_usage);
 		argc--; argv++;
@@ -1072,5 +50,16 @@ int cmd_mailinfo(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (argc != 3)
 		usage(mailinfo_usage);
 
-	return !!mailinfo(stdin, stdout, argv[1], argv[2]);
+	mi.input = stdin;
+	mi.output = stdout;
+
+	msgfile = prefix_filename(prefix, argv[1]);
+	patchfile = prefix_filename(prefix, argv[2]);
+
+	status = !!mailinfo(&mi, msgfile, patchfile);
+	clear_mailinfo(&mi);
+
+	free(msgfile);
+	free(patchfile);
+	return status;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/mailsplit.c b/builtin/mailsplit.c
index 8e02ea109a..664400b816 100644
--- a/builtin/mailsplit.c
+++ b/builtin/mailsplit.c
@@ -45,6 +45,19 @@ static int is_from_line(const char *line, int len)
 
 static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 static int keep_cr;
+static int mboxrd;
+
+static int is_gtfrom(const struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	size_t min = strlen(">From ");
+	size_t ngt;
+
+	if (buf->len < min)
+		return 0;
+
+	ngt = strspn(buf->buf, ">");
+	return ngt && starts_with(buf->buf + ngt, "From ");
+}
 
 /* Called with the first line (potentially partial)
  * already in buf[] -- normally that should begin with
@@ -77,6 +90,9 @@ static int split_one(FILE *mbox, const char *name, int allow_bare)
 			strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
 		}
 
+		if (mboxrd && is_gtfrom(&buf))
+			strbuf_remove(&buf, 0, 1);
+
 		if (fwrite(buf.buf, 1, buf.len, output) != buf.len)
 			die_errno("cannot write output");
 
@@ -98,30 +114,37 @@ static int populate_maildir_list(struct string_list *list, const char *path)
 {
 	DIR *dir;
 	struct dirent *dent;
-	char name[PATH_MAX];
+	char *name = NULL;
 	char *subs[] = { "cur", "new", NULL };
 	char **sub;
+	int ret = -1;
 
 	for (sub = subs; *sub; ++sub) {
-		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/%s", path, *sub);
+		free(name);
+		name = xstrfmt("%s/%s", path, *sub);
 		if ((dir = opendir(name)) == NULL) {
 			if (errno == ENOENT)
 				continue;
-			error("cannot opendir %s (%s)", name, strerror(errno));
-			return -1;
+			error_errno("cannot opendir %s", name);
+			goto out;
 		}
 
 		while ((dent = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
 			if (dent->d_name[0] == '.')
 				continue;
-			snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/%s", *sub, dent->d_name);
+			free(name);
+			name = xstrfmt("%s/%s", *sub, dent->d_name);
 			string_list_insert(list, name);
 		}
 
 		closedir(dir);
 	}
 
-	return 0;
+	ret = 0;
+
+out:
+	free(name);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static int maildir_filename_cmp(const char *a, const char *b)
@@ -148,8 +171,8 @@ static int maildir_filename_cmp(const char *a, const char *b)
 static int split_maildir(const char *maildir, const char *dir,
 	int nr_prec, int skip)
 {
-	char file[PATH_MAX];
-	char name[PATH_MAX];
+	char *file = NULL;
+	FILE *f = NULL;
 	int ret = -1;
 	int i;
 	struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
@@ -160,27 +183,35 @@ static int split_maildir(const char *maildir, const char *dir,
 		goto out;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++) {
-		FILE *f;
-		snprintf(file, sizeof(file), "%s/%s", maildir, list.items[i].string);
+		char *name;
+
+		free(file);
+		file = xstrfmt("%s/%s", maildir, list.items[i].string);
+
 		f = fopen(file, "r");
 		if (!f) {
-			error("cannot open mail %s (%s)", file, strerror(errno));
+			error_errno("cannot open mail %s", file);
 			goto out;
 		}
 
 		if (strbuf_getwholeline(&buf, f, '\n')) {
-			error("cannot read mail %s (%s)", file, strerror(errno));
+			error_errno("cannot read mail %s", file);
 			goto out;
 		}
 
-		sprintf(name, "%s/%0*d", dir, nr_prec, ++skip);
+		name = xstrfmt("%s/%0*d", dir, nr_prec, ++skip);
 		split_one(f, name, 1);
+		free(name);
 
 		fclose(f);
+		f = NULL;
 	}
 
 	ret = skip;
 out:
+	if (f)
+		fclose(f);
+	free(file);
 	string_list_clear(&list, 1);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -188,7 +219,6 @@ out:
 static int split_mbox(const char *file, const char *dir, int allow_bare,
 		      int nr_prec, int skip)
 {
-	char name[PATH_MAX];
 	int ret = -1;
 	int peek;
 
@@ -196,12 +226,22 @@ static int split_mbox(const char *file, const char *dir, int allow_bare,
 	int file_done = 0;
 
 	if (!f) {
-		error("cannot open mbox %s", file);
+		error_errno("cannot open mbox %s", file);
 		goto out;
 	}
 
 	do {
 		peek = fgetc(f);
+		if (peek == EOF) {
+			if (f == stdin)
+				/* empty stdin is OK */
+				ret = skip;
+			else {
+				fclose(f);
+				error(_("empty mbox: '%s'"), file);
+			}
+			goto out;
+		}
 	} while (isspace(peek));
 	ungetc(peek, f);
 
@@ -215,8 +255,9 @@ static int split_mbox(const char *file, const char *dir, int allow_bare,
 	}
 
 	while (!file_done) {
-		sprintf(name, "%s/%0*d", dir, nr_prec, ++skip);
+		char *name = xstrfmt("%s/%0*d", dir, nr_prec, ++skip);
 		file_done = split_one(f, name, allow_bare);
+		free(name);
 	}
 
 	if (f != stdin)
@@ -256,6 +297,8 @@ int cmd_mailsplit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			keep_cr = 1;
 		} else if ( arg[1] == 'o' && arg[2] ) {
 			dir = arg+2;
+		} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--mboxrd")) {
+			mboxrd = 1;
 		} else if ( arg[1] == '-' && !arg[2] ) {
 			argp++;	/* -- marks end of options */
 			break;
@@ -303,7 +346,7 @@ int cmd_mailsplit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		}
 
 		if (stat(arg, &argstat) == -1) {
-			error("cannot stat %s (%s)", arg, strerror(errno));
+			error_errno("cannot stat %s", arg);
 			return 1;
 		}
 
diff --git a/builtin/merge-base.c b/builtin/merge-base.c
index 08a8217890..08d91b1f0c 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-base.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-base.c
@@ -1,27 +1,29 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 
 static int show_merge_base(struct commit **rev, int rev_nr, int show_all)
 {
-	struct commit_list *result;
+	struct commit_list *result, *r;
 
 	result = get_merge_bases_many_dirty(rev[0], rev_nr - 1, rev + 1);
 
 	if (!result)
 		return 1;
 
-	while (result) {
-		printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(result->item->object.sha1));
+	for (r = result; r; r = r->next) {
+		printf("%s\n", oid_to_hex(&r->item->object.oid));
 		if (!show_all)
-			return 0;
-		result = result->next;
+			break;
 	}
 
+	free_commit_list(result);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -36,12 +38,12 @@ static const char * const merge_base_usage[] = {
 
 static struct commit *get_commit_reference(const char *arg)
 {
-	unsigned char revkey[20];
+	struct object_id revkey;
 	struct commit *r;
 
-	if (get_sha1(arg, revkey))
+	if (get_oid(arg, &revkey))
 		die("Not a valid object name %s", arg);
-	r = lookup_commit_reference(revkey);
+	r = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &revkey);
 	if (!r)
 		die("Not a valid commit name %s", arg);
 
@@ -50,45 +52,47 @@ static struct commit *get_commit_reference(const char *arg)
 
 static int handle_independent(int count, const char **args)
 {
-	struct commit_list *revs = NULL;
-	struct commit_list *result;
+	struct commit_list *revs = NULL, *rev;
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
 		commit_list_insert(get_commit_reference(args[i]), &revs);
 
-	result = reduce_heads(revs);
-	if (!result)
+	reduce_heads_replace(&revs);
+
+	if (!revs)
 		return 1;
 
-	while (result) {
-		printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(result->item->object.sha1));
-		result = result->next;
-	}
+	for (rev = revs; rev; rev = rev->next)
+		printf("%s\n", oid_to_hex(&rev->item->object.oid));
+
+	free_commit_list(revs);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int handle_octopus(int count, const char **args, int show_all)
 {
 	struct commit_list *revs = NULL;
-	struct commit_list *result;
+	struct commit_list *result, *rev;
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
 		commit_list_insert(get_commit_reference(args[i]), &revs);
 
-	result = reduce_heads(get_octopus_merge_bases(revs));
+	result = get_octopus_merge_bases(revs);
+	free_commit_list(revs);
+	reduce_heads_replace(&result);
 
 	if (!result)
 		return 1;
 
-	while (result) {
-		printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(result->item->object.sha1));
+	for (rev = result; rev; rev = rev->next) {
+		printf("%s\n", oid_to_hex(&rev->item->object.oid));
 		if (!show_all)
-			return 0;
-		result = result->next;
+			break;
 	}
 
+	free_commit_list(result);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -113,14 +117,14 @@ struct rev_collect {
 	unsigned int initial : 1;
 };
 
-static void add_one_commit(unsigned char *sha1, struct rev_collect *revs)
+static void add_one_commit(struct object_id *oid, struct rev_collect *revs)
 {
 	struct commit *commit;
 
-	if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
+	if (is_null_oid(oid))
 		return;
 
-	commit = lookup_commit(sha1);
+	commit = lookup_commit(the_repository, oid);
 	if (!commit ||
 	    (commit->object.flags & TMP_MARK) ||
 	    parse_commit(commit))
@@ -131,23 +135,23 @@ static void add_one_commit(unsigned char *sha1, struct rev_collect *revs)
 	commit->object.flags |= TMP_MARK;
 }
 
-static int collect_one_reflog_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
-				  const char *ident, unsigned long timestamp,
+static int collect_one_reflog_ent(struct object_id *ooid, struct object_id *noid,
+				  const char *ident, timestamp_t timestamp,
 				  int tz, const char *message, void *cbdata)
 {
 	struct rev_collect *revs = cbdata;
 
 	if (revs->initial) {
 		revs->initial = 0;
-		add_one_commit(osha1, revs);
+		add_one_commit(ooid, revs);
 	}
-	add_one_commit(nsha1, revs);
+	add_one_commit(noid, revs);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int handle_fork_point(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	char *refname;
 	const char *commitname;
 	struct rev_collect revs;
@@ -155,7 +159,7 @@ static int handle_fork_point(int argc, const char **argv)
 	struct commit_list *bases;
 	int i, ret = 0;
 
-	switch (dwim_ref(argv[0], strlen(argv[0]), sha1, &refname)) {
+	switch (dwim_ref(argv[0], strlen(argv[0]), &oid, &refname)) {
 	case 0:
 		die("No such ref: '%s'", argv[0]);
 	case 1:
@@ -165,14 +169,17 @@ static int handle_fork_point(int argc, const char **argv)
 	}
 
 	commitname = (argc == 2) ? argv[1] : "HEAD";
-	if (get_sha1(commitname, sha1))
+	if (get_oid(commitname, &oid))
 		die("Not a valid object name: '%s'", commitname);
 
-	derived = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	derived = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &oid);
 	memset(&revs, 0, sizeof(revs));
 	revs.initial = 1;
 	for_each_reflog_ent(refname, collect_one_reflog_ent, &revs);
 
+	if (!revs.nr && !get_oid(refname, &oid))
+		add_one_commit(&oid, &revs);
+
 	for (i = 0; i < revs.nr; i++)
 		revs.commit[i]->object.flags &= ~TMP_MARK;
 
@@ -196,7 +203,7 @@ static int handle_fork_point(int argc, const char **argv)
 		goto cleanup_return;
 	}
 
-	printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(bases->item->object.sha1));
+	printf("%s\n", oid_to_hex(&bases->item->object.oid));
 
 cleanup_return:
 	free_commit_list(bases);
@@ -252,7 +259,7 @@ int cmd_merge_base(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (argc < 2)
 		usage_with_options(merge_base_usage, options);
 
-	rev = xmalloc(argc * sizeof(*rev));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(rev, argc);
 	while (argc-- > 0)
 		rev[rev_nr++] = get_commit_reference(*argv++);
 	return show_merge_base(rev, rev_nr, show_all);
diff --git a/builtin/merge-file.c b/builtin/merge-file.c
index ea8093f676..b08803e611 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-file.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-file.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "xdiff/xdiff.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
@@ -28,7 +29,6 @@ int cmd_merge_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	xmparam_t xmp = {{0}};
 	int ret = 0, i = 0, to_stdout = 0;
 	int quiet = 0;
-	int prefixlen = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOL('p', "stdout", &to_stdout, N_("send results to standard output")),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "diff3", &xmp.style, N_("use a diff3 based merge"), XDL_MERGE_DIFF3),
@@ -62,20 +62,24 @@ int cmd_merge_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		usage_with_options(merge_file_usage, options);
 	if (quiet) {
 		if (!freopen("/dev/null", "w", stderr))
-			return error("failed to redirect stderr to /dev/null: "
-				     "%s", strerror(errno));
+			return error_errno("failed to redirect stderr to /dev/null");
 	}
 
-	if (prefix)
-		prefixlen = strlen(prefix);
-
 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
-		const char *fname = prefix_filename(prefix, prefixlen, argv[i]);
+		char *fname;
+		int ret;
+
 		if (!names[i])
 			names[i] = argv[i];
-		if (read_mmfile(mmfs + i, fname))
+
+		fname = prefix_filename(prefix, argv[i]);
+		ret = read_mmfile(mmfs + i, fname);
+		free(fname);
+		if (ret)
 			return -1;
-		if (buffer_is_binary(mmfs[i].ptr, mmfs[i].size))
+
+		if (mmfs[i].size > MAX_XDIFF_SIZE ||
+		    buffer_is_binary(mmfs[i].ptr, mmfs[i].size))
 			return error("Cannot merge binary files: %s",
 					argv[i]);
 	}
@@ -90,18 +94,23 @@ int cmd_merge_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (ret >= 0) {
 		const char *filename = argv[0];
-		const char *fpath = prefix_filename(prefix, prefixlen, argv[0]);
+		char *fpath = prefix_filename(prefix, argv[0]);
 		FILE *f = to_stdout ? stdout : fopen(fpath, "wb");
 
 		if (!f)
-			ret = error("Could not open %s for writing", filename);
+			ret = error_errno("Could not open %s for writing",
+					  filename);
 		else if (result.size &&
 			 fwrite(result.ptr, result.size, 1, f) != 1)
-			ret = error("Could not write to %s", filename);
+			ret = error_errno("Could not write to %s", filename);
 		else if (fclose(f))
-			ret = error("Could not close %s", filename);
+			ret = error_errno("Could not close %s", filename);
 		free(result.ptr);
+		free(fpath);
 	}
 
+	if (ret > 127)
+		ret = 127;
+
 	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/merge-index.c b/builtin/merge-index.c
index 1a1eafa6fd..c99443b095 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-index.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-index.c
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ static int merge_entry(int pos, const char *path)
 {
 	int found;
 	const char *arguments[] = { pgm, "", "", "", path, "", "", "", NULL };
-	char hexbuf[4][60];
+	char hexbuf[4][GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
 	char ownbuf[4][60];
 
 	if (pos >= active_nr)
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ static int merge_entry(int pos, const char *path)
 		if (strcmp(ce->name, path))
 			break;
 		found++;
-		strcpy(hexbuf[stage], sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
-		sprintf(ownbuf[stage], "%o", ce->ce_mode);
+		oid_to_hex_r(hexbuf[stage], &ce->oid);
+		xsnprintf(ownbuf[stage], sizeof(ownbuf[stage]), "%o", ce->ce_mode);
 		arguments[stage] = hexbuf[stage];
 		arguments[stage + 4] = ownbuf[stage];
 	} while (++pos < active_nr);
diff --git a/builtin/merge-ours.c b/builtin/merge-ours.c
index 684411694f..c84c6e05e9 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-ours.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-ours.c
@@ -9,26 +9,24 @@
  */
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "diff.h"
 
 static const char builtin_merge_ours_usage[] =
 	"git merge-ours <base>... -- HEAD <remote>...";
 
-static const char *diff_index_args[] = {
-	"diff-index", "--quiet", "--cached", "HEAD", "--", NULL
-};
-#define NARGS (ARRAY_SIZE(diff_index_args) - 1)
-
 int cmd_merge_ours(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 		usage(builtin_merge_ours_usage);
 
 	/*
-	 * We need to exit with 2 if the index does not match our HEAD tree,
-	 * because the current index is what we will be committing as the
-	 * merge result.
+	 * The contents of the current index becomes the tree we
+	 * commit.  The index must match HEAD, or this merge cannot go
+	 * through.
 	 */
-	if (cmd_diff_index(NARGS, diff_index_args, prefix))
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		die_errno("read_cache failed");
+	if (index_differs_from("HEAD", NULL, 0))
 		exit(2);
 	exit(0);
 }
diff --git a/builtin/merge-recursive.c b/builtin/merge-recursive.c
index a90f28f34d..9b2f707c29 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-recursive.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-recursive.c
@@ -9,22 +9,22 @@ static const char builtin_merge_recursive_usage[] =
 
 static const char *better_branch_name(const char *branch)
 {
-	static char githead_env[8 + 40 + 1];
+	static char githead_env[8 + GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
 	char *name;
 
-	if (strlen(branch) != 40)
+	if (strlen(branch) != the_hash_algo->hexsz)
 		return branch;
-	sprintf(githead_env, "GITHEAD_%s", branch);
+	xsnprintf(githead_env, sizeof(githead_env), "GITHEAD_%s", branch);
 	name = getenv(githead_env);
 	return name ? name : branch;
 }
 
 int cmd_merge_recursive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	const unsigned char *bases[21];
+	const struct object_id *bases[21];
 	unsigned bases_count = 0;
 	int i, failed;
-	unsigned char h1[20], h2[20];
+	struct object_id h1, h2;
 	struct merge_options o;
 	struct commit *result;
 
@@ -42,38 +42,41 @@ int cmd_merge_recursive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			if (!arg[2])
 				break;
 			if (parse_merge_opt(&o, arg + 2))
-				die("Unknown option %s", arg);
+				die(_("unknown option %s"), arg);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (bases_count < ARRAY_SIZE(bases)-1) {
-			unsigned char *sha = xmalloc(20);
-			if (get_sha1(argv[i], sha))
-				die("Could not parse object '%s'", argv[i]);
-			bases[bases_count++] = sha;
+			struct object_id *oid = xmalloc(sizeof(struct object_id));
+			if (get_oid(argv[i], oid))
+				die(_("could not parse object '%s'"), argv[i]);
+			bases[bases_count++] = oid;
 		}
 		else
-			warning("Cannot handle more than %d bases. "
-				"Ignoring %s.",
+			warning(Q_("cannot handle more than %d base. "
+				   "Ignoring %s.",
+				   "cannot handle more than %d bases. "
+				   "Ignoring %s.",
+				    (int)ARRAY_SIZE(bases)-1),
 				(int)ARRAY_SIZE(bases)-1, argv[i]);
 	}
 	if (argc - i != 3) /* "--" "<head>" "<remote>" */
-		die("Not handling anything other than two heads merge.");
+		die(_("not handling anything other than two heads merge."));
 
 	o.branch1 = argv[++i];
 	o.branch2 = argv[++i];
 
-	if (get_sha1(o.branch1, h1))
-		die("Could not resolve ref '%s'", o.branch1);
-	if (get_sha1(o.branch2, h2))
-		die("Could not resolve ref '%s'", o.branch2);
+	if (get_oid(o.branch1, &h1))
+		die(_("could not resolve ref '%s'"), o.branch1);
+	if (get_oid(o.branch2, &h2))
+		die(_("could not resolve ref '%s'"), o.branch2);
 
 	o.branch1 = better_branch_name(o.branch1);
 	o.branch2 = better_branch_name(o.branch2);
 
 	if (o.verbosity >= 3)
-		printf("Merging %s with %s\n", o.branch1, o.branch2);
+		printf(_("Merging %s with %s\n"), o.branch1, o.branch2);
 
-	failed = merge_recursive_generic(&o, h1, h2, bases_count, bases, &result);
+	failed = merge_recursive_generic(&o, &h1, &h2, bases_count, bases, &result);
 	if (failed < 0)
 		return 128; /* die() error code */
 	return failed;
diff --git a/builtin/merge-tree.c b/builtin/merge-tree.c
index f9ab48597e..f8023bae1e 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-tree.c
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "blob.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "merge-blobs.h"
 
 static const char merge_tree_usage[] = "git merge-tree <base-tree> <branch1> <branch2>";
@@ -60,7 +62,7 @@ static void *result(struct merge_list *entry, unsigned long *size)
 	const char *path = entry->path;
 
 	if (!entry->stage)
-		return read_sha1_file(entry->blob->object.sha1, &type, size);
+		return read_object_file(&entry->blob->object.oid, &type, size);
 	base = NULL;
 	if (entry->stage == 1) {
 		base = entry->blob;
@@ -82,7 +84,8 @@ static void *origin(struct merge_list *entry, unsigned long *size)
 	enum object_type type;
 	while (entry) {
 		if (entry->stage == 2)
-			return read_sha1_file(entry->blob->object.sha1, &type, size);
+			return read_object_file(&entry->blob->object.oid,
+						&type, size);
 		entry = entry->link;
 	}
 	return NULL;
@@ -118,7 +121,8 @@ static void show_diff(struct merge_list *entry)
 	if (!dst.ptr)
 		size = 0;
 	dst.size = size;
-	xdi_diff(&src, &dst, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
+	if (xdi_diff(&src, &dst, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb))
+		die("unable to generate diff");
 	free(src.ptr);
 	free(dst.ptr);
 }
@@ -129,7 +133,7 @@ static void show_result_list(struct merge_list *entry)
 	do {
 		struct merge_list *link = entry->link;
 		static const char *desc[4] = { "result", "base", "our", "their" };
-		printf("  %-6s %o %s %s\n", desc[entry->stage], entry->mode, sha1_to_hex(entry->blob->object.sha1), entry->path);
+		printf("  %-6s %o %s %s\n", desc[entry->stage], entry->mode, oid_to_hex(&entry->blob->object.oid), entry->path);
 		entry = link;
 	} while (entry);
 }
@@ -149,31 +153,31 @@ static void show_result(void)
 /* An empty entry never compares same, not even to another empty entry */
 static int same_entry(struct name_entry *a, struct name_entry *b)
 {
-	return	a->sha1 &&
-		b->sha1 &&
-		!hashcmp(a->sha1, b->sha1) &&
+	return	a->oid &&
+		b->oid &&
+		!oidcmp(a->oid, b->oid) &&
 		a->mode == b->mode;
 }
 
 static int both_empty(struct name_entry *a, struct name_entry *b)
 {
-	return !(a->sha1 || b->sha1);
+	return !(a->oid || b->oid);
 }
 
-static struct merge_list *create_entry(unsigned stage, unsigned mode, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path)
+static struct merge_list *create_entry(unsigned stage, unsigned mode, const struct object_id *oid, const char *path)
 {
 	struct merge_list *res = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*res));
 
 	res->stage = stage;
 	res->path = path;
 	res->mode = mode;
-	res->blob = lookup_blob(sha1);
+	res->blob = lookup_blob(the_repository, oid);
 	return res;
 }
 
 static char *traverse_path(const struct traverse_info *info, const struct name_entry *n)
 {
-	char *path = xmalloc(traverse_path_len(info, n) + 1);
+	char *path = xmallocz(traverse_path_len(info, n));
 	return make_traverse_path(path, info, n);
 }
 
@@ -187,8 +191,8 @@ static void resolve(const struct traverse_info *info, struct name_entry *ours, s
 		return;
 
 	path = traverse_path(info, result);
-	orig = create_entry(2, ours->mode, ours->sha1, path);
-	final = create_entry(0, result->mode, result->sha1, path);
+	orig = create_entry(2, ours->mode, ours->oid, path);
+	final = create_entry(0, result->mode, result->oid, path);
 
 	final->link = orig;
 
@@ -212,11 +216,11 @@ static void unresolved_directory(const struct traverse_info *info,
 
 	newbase = traverse_path(info, p);
 
-#define ENTRY_SHA1(e) (((e)->mode && S_ISDIR((e)->mode)) ? (e)->sha1 : NULL)
-	buf0 = fill_tree_descriptor(t+0, ENTRY_SHA1(n + 0));
-	buf1 = fill_tree_descriptor(t+1, ENTRY_SHA1(n + 1));
-	buf2 = fill_tree_descriptor(t+2, ENTRY_SHA1(n + 2));
-#undef ENTRY_SHA1
+#define ENTRY_OID(e) (((e)->mode && S_ISDIR((e)->mode)) ? (e)->oid : NULL)
+	buf0 = fill_tree_descriptor(t + 0, ENTRY_OID(n + 0));
+	buf1 = fill_tree_descriptor(t + 1, ENTRY_OID(n + 1));
+	buf2 = fill_tree_descriptor(t + 2, ENTRY_OID(n + 2));
+#undef ENTRY_OID
 
 	merge_trees(t, newbase);
 
@@ -238,7 +242,7 @@ static struct merge_list *link_entry(unsigned stage, const struct traverse_info
 		path = entry->path;
 	else
 		path = traverse_path(info, n);
-	link = create_entry(stage, n->mode, n->sha1, path);
+	link = create_entry(stage, n->mode, n->oid, path);
 	link->link = entry;
 	return link;
 }
@@ -313,7 +317,7 @@ static int threeway_callback(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmask, s
 	}
 
 	if (same_entry(entry+0, entry+1)) {
-		if (entry[2].sha1 && !S_ISDIR(entry[2].mode)) {
+		if (entry[2].oid && !S_ISDIR(entry[2].mode)) {
 			/* We did not touch, they modified -- take theirs */
 			resolve(info, entry+1, entry+2);
 			return mask;
@@ -346,12 +350,12 @@ static void merge_trees(struct tree_desc t[3], const char *base)
 
 static void *get_tree_descriptor(struct tree_desc *desc, const char *rev)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	void *buf;
 
-	if (get_sha1(rev, sha1))
+	if (get_oid(rev, &oid))
 		die("unknown rev %s", rev);
-	buf = fill_tree_descriptor(desc, sha1);
+	buf = fill_tree_descriptor(desc, &oid);
 	if (!buf)
 		die("%s is not a tree", rev);
 	return buf;
diff --git a/builtin/merge.c b/builtin/merge.c
index 3b0f8f96d4..8f4a5065c2 100644
--- a/builtin/merge.c
+++ b/builtin/merge.c
@@ -7,12 +7,14 @@
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "refspec.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "diffcore.h"
 #include "revision.h"
@@ -30,6 +32,10 @@
 #include "fmt-merge-msg.h"
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
 #include "sequencer.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "alias.h"
 
 #define DEFAULT_TWOHEAD (1<<0)
 #define DEFAULT_OCTOPUS (1<<1)
@@ -43,8 +49,8 @@ struct strategy {
 
 static const char * const builtin_merge_usage[] = {
 	N_("git merge [<options>] [<commit>...]"),
-	N_("git merge [<options>] <msg> HEAD <commit>"),
 	N_("git merge --abort"),
+	N_("git merge --continue"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -64,9 +70,13 @@ static int option_renormalize;
 static int verbosity;
 static int allow_rerere_auto;
 static int abort_current_merge;
+static int continue_current_merge;
+static int allow_unrelated_histories;
 static int show_progress = -1;
 static int default_to_upstream = 1;
+static int signoff;
 static const char *sign_commit;
+static int verify_msg = 1;
 
 static struct strategy all_strategy[] = {
 	{ "recursive",  DEFAULT_TWOHEAD | NO_TRIVIAL },
@@ -101,6 +111,35 @@ static int option_parse_message(const struct option *opt,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int option_read_message(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
+			       const struct option *opt, int unset)
+{
+	struct strbuf *buf = opt->value;
+	const char *arg;
+
+	if (unset)
+		BUG("-F cannot be negated");
+
+	if (ctx->opt) {
+		arg = ctx->opt;
+		ctx->opt = NULL;
+	} else if (ctx->argc > 1) {
+		ctx->argc--;
+		arg = *++ctx->argv;
+	} else
+		return opterror(opt, "requires a value", 0);
+
+	if (buf->len)
+		strbuf_addch(buf, '\n');
+	if (ctx->prefix && !is_absolute_path(arg))
+		arg = prefix_filename(ctx->prefix, arg);
+	if (strbuf_read_file(buf, arg, 0) < 0)
+		return error(_("could not read file '%s'"), arg);
+	have_message = 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static struct strategy *get_strategy(const char *name)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -205,12 +244,12 @@ static struct option builtin_merge_options[] = {
 	OPT_BOOL('e', "edit", &option_edit,
 		N_("edit message before committing")),
 	OPT_SET_INT(0, "ff", &fast_forward, N_("allow fast-forward (default)"), FF_ALLOW),
-	{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "ff-only", &fast_forward, NULL,
-		N_("abort if fast-forward is not possible"),
-		PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, FF_ONLY },
+	OPT_SET_INT_F(0, "ff-only", &fast_forward,
+		      N_("abort if fast-forward is not possible"),
+		      FF_ONLY, PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
 	OPT_RERERE_AUTOUPDATE(&allow_rerere_auto),
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "verify-signatures", &verify_signatures,
-		N_("Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature")),
+		N_("verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature")),
 	OPT_CALLBACK('s', "strategy", &use_strategies, N_("strategy"),
 		N_("merge strategy to use"), option_parse_strategy),
 	OPT_CALLBACK('X', "strategy-option", &xopts, N_("option=value"),
@@ -218,30 +257,40 @@ static struct option builtin_merge_options[] = {
 	OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &merge_msg, N_("message"),
 		N_("merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"),
 		option_parse_message),
+	{ OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 'F', "file", &merge_msg, N_("path"),
+		N_("read message from file"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+		(parse_opt_cb *) option_read_message },
 	OPT__VERBOSITY(&verbosity),
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "abort", &abort_current_merge,
 		N_("abort the current in-progress merge")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "continue", &continue_current_merge,
+		N_("continue the current in-progress merge")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "allow-unrelated-histories", &allow_unrelated_histories,
+		 N_("allow merging unrelated histories")),
 	OPT_SET_INT(0, "progress", &show_progress, N_("force progress reporting"), 1),
 	{ OPTION_STRING, 'S', "gpg-sign", &sign_commit, N_("key-id"),
 	  N_("GPG sign commit"), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t) "" },
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "overwrite-ignore", &overwrite_ignore, N_("update ignored files (default)")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "signoff", &signoff, N_("add Signed-off-by:")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "verify", &verify_msg, N_("verify commit-msg hook")),
 	OPT_END()
 };
 
 /* Cleans up metadata that is uninteresting after a succeeded merge. */
 static void drop_save(void)
 {
-	unlink(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
-	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
-	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
+	unlink(git_path_merge_head(the_repository));
+	unlink(git_path_merge_msg(the_repository));
+	unlink(git_path_merge_mode(the_repository));
 }
 
-static int save_state(unsigned char *stash)
+static int save_state(struct object_id *stash)
 {
 	int len;
 	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *argv[] = {"stash", "create", NULL};
+	int rc = -1;
 
 	cp.argv = argv;
 	cp.out = -1;
@@ -255,14 +304,17 @@ static int save_state(unsigned char *stash)
 	if (finish_command(&cp) || len < 0)
 		die(_("stash failed"));
 	else if (!len)		/* no changes */
-		return -1;
+		goto out;
 	strbuf_setlen(&buffer, buffer.len-1);
-	if (get_sha1(buffer.buf, stash))
+	if (get_oid(buffer.buf, stash))
 		die(_("not a valid object: %s"), buffer.buf);
-	return 0;
+	rc = 0;
+out:
+	strbuf_release(&buffer);
+	return rc;
 }
 
-static void read_empty(unsigned const char *sha1, int verbose)
+static void read_empty(const struct object_id *oid, int verbose)
 {
 	int i = 0;
 	const char *args[7];
@@ -272,15 +324,15 @@ static void read_empty(unsigned const char *sha1, int verbose)
 		args[i++] = "-v";
 	args[i++] = "-m";
 	args[i++] = "-u";
-	args[i++] = EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX;
-	args[i++] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
+	args[i++] = empty_tree_oid_hex();
+	args[i++] = oid_to_hex(oid);
 	args[i] = NULL;
 
 	if (run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD))
 		die(_("read-tree failed"));
 }
 
-static void reset_hard(unsigned const char *sha1, int verbose)
+static void reset_hard(const struct object_id *oid, int verbose)
 {
 	int i = 0;
 	const char *args[6];
@@ -290,25 +342,25 @@ static void reset_hard(unsigned const char *sha1, int verbose)
 		args[i++] = "-v";
 	args[i++] = "--reset";
 	args[i++] = "-u";
-	args[i++] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
+	args[i++] = oid_to_hex(oid);
 	args[i] = NULL;
 
 	if (run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD))
 		die(_("read-tree failed"));
 }
 
-static void restore_state(const unsigned char *head,
-			  const unsigned char *stash)
+static void restore_state(const struct object_id *head,
+			  const struct object_id *stash)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *args[] = { "stash", "apply", NULL, NULL };
 
-	if (is_null_sha1(stash))
+	if (is_null_oid(stash))
 		return;
 
 	reset_hard(head, 1);
 
-	args[2] = sha1_to_hex(stash);
+	args[2] = oid_to_hex(stash);
 
 	/*
 	 * It is OK to ignore error here, for example when there was
@@ -333,15 +385,9 @@ static void squash_message(struct commit *commit, struct commit_list *remotehead
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct commit_list *j;
-	const char *filename;
-	int fd;
 	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 
 	printf(_("Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"));
-	filename = git_path("SQUASH_MSG");
-	fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), filename);
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
 	rev.ignore_merges = 1;
@@ -365,22 +411,19 @@ static void squash_message(struct commit *commit, struct commit_list *remotehead
 	while ((commit = get_revision(&rev)) != NULL) {
 		strbuf_addch(&out, '\n');
 		strbuf_addf(&out, "commit %s\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+			oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 		pretty_print_commit(&ctx, commit, &out);
 	}
-	if (write_in_full(fd, out.buf, out.len) != out.len)
-		die_errno(_("Writing SQUASH_MSG"));
-	if (close(fd))
-		die_errno(_("Finishing SQUASH_MSG"));
+	write_file_buf(git_path_squash_msg(the_repository), out.buf, out.len);
 	strbuf_release(&out);
 }
 
 static void finish(struct commit *head_commit,
 		   struct commit_list *remoteheads,
-		   const unsigned char *new_head, const char *msg)
+		   const struct object_id *new_head, const char *msg)
 {
 	struct strbuf reflog_message = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const unsigned char *head = head_commit->object.sha1;
+	const struct object_id *head = &head_commit->object.oid;
 
 	if (!msg)
 		strbuf_addstr(&reflog_message, getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"));
@@ -397,13 +440,13 @@ static void finish(struct commit *head_commit,
 			printf(_("No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"));
 		else {
 			const char *argv_gc_auto[] = { "gc", "--auto", NULL };
-			update_ref(reflog_message.buf, "HEAD",
-				new_head, head, 0,
-				UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
+			update_ref(reflog_message.buf, "HEAD", new_head, head,
+				   0, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
 			/*
 			 * We ignore errors in 'gc --auto', since the
 			 * user should see them.
 			 */
+			close_all_packs(the_repository->objects);
 			run_command_v_opt(argv_gc_auto, RUN_GIT_CMD);
 		}
 	}
@@ -416,7 +459,7 @@ static void finish(struct commit *head_commit,
 			DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY | DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT;
 		opts.detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
 		diff_setup_done(&opts);
-		diff_tree_sha1(head, new_head, "", &opts);
+		diff_tree_oid(head, new_head, "", &opts);
 		diffcore_std(&opts);
 		diff_flush(&opts);
 	}
@@ -431,35 +474,36 @@ static void finish(struct commit *head_commit,
 static void merge_name(const char *remote, struct strbuf *msg)
 {
 	struct commit *remote_head;
-	unsigned char branch_head[20];
+	struct object_id branch_head;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf bname = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct merge_remote_desc *desc;
 	const char *ptr;
 	char *found_ref;
 	int len, early;
 
-	strbuf_branchname(&bname, remote);
+	strbuf_branchname(&bname, remote, 0);
 	remote = bname.buf;
 
-	memset(branch_head, 0, sizeof(branch_head));
+	oidclr(&branch_head);
 	remote_head = get_merge_parent(remote);
 	if (!remote_head)
 		die(_("'%s' does not point to a commit"), remote);
 
-	if (dwim_ref(remote, strlen(remote), branch_head, &found_ref) > 0) {
+	if (dwim_ref(remote, strlen(remote), &branch_head, &found_ref) > 0) {
 		if (starts_with(found_ref, "refs/heads/")) {
 			strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tbranch '%s' of .\n",
-				    sha1_to_hex(branch_head), remote);
+				    oid_to_hex(&branch_head), remote);
 			goto cleanup;
 		}
 		if (starts_with(found_ref, "refs/tags/")) {
 			strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\ttag '%s' of .\n",
-				    sha1_to_hex(branch_head), remote);
+				    oid_to_hex(&branch_head), remote);
 			goto cleanup;
 		}
 		if (starts_with(found_ref, "refs/remotes/")) {
 			strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tremote-tracking branch '%s' of .\n",
-				    sha1_to_hex(branch_head), remote);
+				    oid_to_hex(&branch_head), remote);
 			goto cleanup;
 		}
 	}
@@ -492,56 +536,31 @@ static void merge_name(const char *remote, struct strbuf *msg)
 	}
 	if (len) {
 		struct strbuf truname = STRBUF_INIT;
-		strbuf_addstr(&truname, "refs/heads/");
-		strbuf_addstr(&truname, remote);
+		strbuf_addf(&truname, "refs/heads/%s", remote);
 		strbuf_setlen(&truname, truname.len - len);
 		if (ref_exists(truname.buf)) {
 			strbuf_addf(msg,
 				    "%s\t\tbranch '%s'%s of .\n",
-				    sha1_to_hex(remote_head->object.sha1),
+				    oid_to_hex(&remote_head->object.oid),
 				    truname.buf + 11,
 				    (early ? " (early part)" : ""));
 			strbuf_release(&truname);
 			goto cleanup;
 		}
+		strbuf_release(&truname);
 	}
 
-	if (!strcmp(remote, "FETCH_HEAD") &&
-			!access(git_path("FETCH_HEAD"), R_OK)) {
-		const char *filename;
-		FILE *fp;
-		struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
-		char *ptr;
-
-		filename = git_path("FETCH_HEAD");
-		fp = fopen(filename, "r");
-		if (!fp)
-			die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading"),
-				  filename);
-		strbuf_getline(&line, fp, '\n');
-		fclose(fp);
-		ptr = strstr(line.buf, "\tnot-for-merge\t");
-		if (ptr)
-			strbuf_remove(&line, ptr-line.buf+1, 13);
-		strbuf_addbuf(msg, &line);
-		strbuf_release(&line);
+	desc = merge_remote_util(remote_head);
+	if (desc && desc->obj && desc->obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
+		strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\t%s '%s'\n",
+			    oid_to_hex(&desc->obj->oid),
+			    type_name(desc->obj->type),
+			    remote);
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
 
-	if (remote_head->util) {
-		struct merge_remote_desc *desc;
-		desc = merge_remote_util(remote_head);
-		if (desc && desc->obj && desc->obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
-			strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\t%s '%s'\n",
-				    sha1_to_hex(desc->obj->sha1),
-				    typename(desc->obj->type),
-				    remote);
-			goto cleanup;
-		}
-	}
-
 	strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tcommit '%s'\n",
-		sha1_to_hex(remote_head->object.sha1), remote);
+		oid_to_hex(&remote_head->object.oid), remote);
 cleanup:
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	strbuf_release(&bname);
@@ -559,7 +578,7 @@ static void parse_branch_merge_options(char *bmo)
 		die(_("Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"), branch,
 		    split_cmdline_strerror(argc));
 	REALLOC_ARRAY(argv, argc + 2);
-	memmove(argv + 1, argv, sizeof(*argv) * (argc + 1));
+	MOVE_ARRAY(argv + 1, argv, argc + 1);
 	argc++;
 	argv[0] = "branch.*.mergeoptions";
 	parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, builtin_merge_options,
@@ -581,6 +600,8 @@ static int git_merge_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 
 	if (!strcmp(k, "merge.diffstat") || !strcmp(k, "merge.stat"))
 		show_diffstat = git_config_bool(k, v);
+	else if (!strcmp(k, "merge.verifysignatures"))
+		verify_signatures = git_config_bool(k, v);
 	else if (!strcmp(k, "pull.twohead"))
 		return git_config_string(&pull_twohead, k, v);
 	else if (!strcmp(k, "pull.octopus"))
@@ -588,7 +609,7 @@ static int git_merge_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 	else if (!strcmp(k, "merge.renormalize"))
 		option_renormalize = git_config_bool(k, v);
 	else if (!strcmp(k, "merge.ff")) {
-		int boolval = git_config_maybe_bool(k, v);
+		int boolval = git_parse_maybe_bool(v);
 		if (0 <= boolval) {
 			fast_forward = boolval ? FF_ALLOW : FF_NO;
 		} else if (v && !strcmp(v, "only")) {
@@ -612,8 +633,8 @@ static int git_merge_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 	return git_diff_ui_config(k, v, cb);
 }
 
-static int read_tree_trivial(unsigned char *common, unsigned char *head,
-			     unsigned char *one)
+static int read_tree_trivial(struct object_id *common, struct object_id *head,
+			     struct object_id *one)
 {
 	int i, nr_trees = 0;
 	struct tree *trees[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
@@ -648,24 +669,24 @@ static int read_tree_trivial(unsigned char *common, unsigned char *head,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void write_tree_trivial(unsigned char *sha1)
+static void write_tree_trivial(struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	if (write_cache_as_tree(sha1, 0, NULL))
+	if (write_cache_as_tree(oid, 0, NULL))
 		die(_("git write-tree failed to write a tree"));
 }
 
 static int try_merge_strategy(const char *strategy, struct commit_list *common,
 			      struct commit_list *remoteheads,
-			      struct commit *head, const char *head_arg)
+			      struct commit *head)
 {
-	static struct lock_file lock;
+	struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
+	const char *head_arg = "HEAD";
 
-	hold_locked_index(&lock, 1);
+	hold_locked_index(&lock, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
-	if (active_cache_changed &&
-	    write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock, COMMIT_LOCK))
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock,
+			       COMMIT_LOCK | SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED))
 		return error(_("Unable to write index."));
-	rollback_lock_file(&lock);
 
 	if (!strcmp(strategy, "recursive") || !strcmp(strategy, "subtree")) {
 		int clean, x;
@@ -697,13 +718,14 @@ static int try_merge_strategy(const char *strategy, struct commit_list *common,
 		for (j = common; j; j = j->next)
 			commit_list_insert(j->item, &reversed);
 
-		hold_locked_index(&lock, 1);
+		hold_locked_index(&lock, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 		clean = merge_recursive(&o, head,
 				remoteheads->item, reversed, &result);
-		if (active_cache_changed &&
-		    write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock, COMMIT_LOCK))
-			die (_("unable to write %s"), get_index_file());
-		rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+		if (clean < 0)
+			exit(128);
+		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock,
+				       COMMIT_LOCK | SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED))
+			die(_("unable to write %s"), get_index_file());
 		return clean ? 0 : 1;
 	} else {
 		return try_merge_command(strategy, xopts_nr, xopts,
@@ -730,42 +752,17 @@ static int count_unmerged_entries(void)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static void split_merge_strategies(const char *string, struct strategy **list,
-				   int *nr, int *alloc)
-{
-	char *p, *q, *buf;
-
-	if (!string)
-		return;
-
-	buf = xstrdup(string);
-	q = buf;
-	for (;;) {
-		p = strchr(q, ' ');
-		if (!p) {
-			ALLOC_GROW(*list, *nr + 1, *alloc);
-			(*list)[(*nr)++].name = xstrdup(q);
-			free(buf);
-			return;
-		} else {
-			*p = '\0';
-			ALLOC_GROW(*list, *nr + 1, *alloc);
-			(*list)[(*nr)++].name = xstrdup(q);
-			q = ++p;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 static void add_strategies(const char *string, unsigned attr)
 {
-	struct strategy *list = NULL;
-	int list_alloc = 0, list_nr = 0, i;
-
-	memset(&list, 0, sizeof(list));
-	split_merge_strategies(string, &list, &list_nr, &list_alloc);
-	if (list) {
-		for (i = 0; i < list_nr; i++)
-			append_strategy(get_strategy(list[i].name));
+	int i;
+
+	if (string) {
+		struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+		string_list_split(&list, string, ' ', -1);
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, &list)
+			append_strategy(get_strategy(item->string));
+		string_list_clear(&list, 0);
 		return;
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(all_strategy); i++)
@@ -774,21 +771,9 @@ static void add_strategies(const char *string, unsigned attr)
 
 }
 
-static void write_merge_msg(struct strbuf *msg)
-{
-	const char *filename = git_path("MERGE_MSG");
-	int fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"),
-			  filename);
-	if (write_in_full(fd, msg->buf, msg->len) != msg->len)
-		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), filename);
-	close(fd);
-}
-
 static void read_merge_msg(struct strbuf *msg)
 {
-	const char *filename = git_path("MERGE_MSG");
+	const char *filename = git_path_merge_msg(the_repository);
 	strbuf_reset(msg);
 	if (strbuf_read_file(msg, filename, 0) < 0)
 		die_errno(_("Could not read from '%s'"), filename);
@@ -812,23 +797,35 @@ N_("Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
    "Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
    "the commit.\n");
 
+static void write_merge_heads(struct commit_list *);
 static void prepare_to_commit(struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 {
 	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
 	strbuf_addbuf(&msg, &merge_msg);
 	strbuf_addch(&msg, '\n');
+	if (squash)
+		BUG("the control must not reach here under --squash");
 	if (0 < option_edit)
 		strbuf_commented_addf(&msg, _(merge_editor_comment), comment_line_char);
-	write_merge_msg(&msg);
+	if (signoff)
+		append_signoff(&msg, ignore_non_trailer(msg.buf, msg.len), 0);
+	write_merge_heads(remoteheads);
+	write_file_buf(git_path_merge_msg(the_repository), msg.buf, msg.len);
 	if (run_commit_hook(0 < option_edit, get_index_file(), "prepare-commit-msg",
-			    git_path("MERGE_MSG"), "merge", NULL))
+			    git_path_merge_msg(the_repository), "merge", NULL))
 		abort_commit(remoteheads, NULL);
 	if (0 < option_edit) {
-		if (launch_editor(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), NULL, NULL))
+		if (launch_editor(git_path_merge_msg(the_repository), NULL, NULL))
 			abort_commit(remoteheads, NULL);
 	}
+
+	if (verify_msg && run_commit_hook(0 < option_edit, get_index_file(),
+					  "commit-msg",
+					  git_path_merge_msg(the_repository), NULL))
+		abort_commit(remoteheads, NULL);
+
 	read_merge_msg(&msg);
-	stripspace(&msg, 0 < option_edit);
+	strbuf_stripspace(&msg, 0 < option_edit);
 	if (!msg.len)
 		abort_commit(remoteheads, _("Empty commit message."));
 	strbuf_release(&merge_msg);
@@ -838,18 +835,25 @@ static void prepare_to_commit(struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 
 static int merge_trivial(struct commit *head, struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 {
-	unsigned char result_tree[20], result_commit[20];
+	struct object_id result_tree, result_commit;
 	struct commit_list *parents, **pptr = &parents;
+	struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
 
-	write_tree_trivial(result_tree);
+	hold_locked_index(&lock, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock,
+			       COMMIT_LOCK | SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED))
+		return error(_("Unable to write index."));
+
+	write_tree_trivial(&result_tree);
 	printf(_("Wonderful.\n"));
 	pptr = commit_list_append(head, pptr);
 	pptr = commit_list_append(remoteheads->item, pptr);
 	prepare_to_commit(remoteheads);
-	if (commit_tree(merge_msg.buf, merge_msg.len, result_tree, parents,
-			result_commit, NULL, sign_commit))
+	if (commit_tree(merge_msg.buf, merge_msg.len, &result_tree, parents,
+			&result_commit, NULL, sign_commit))
 		die(_("failed to write commit object"));
-	finish(head, remoteheads, result_commit, "In-index merge");
+	finish(head, remoteheads, &result_commit, "In-index merge");
 	drop_save();
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -858,12 +862,12 @@ static int finish_automerge(struct commit *head,
 			    int head_subsumed,
 			    struct commit_list *common,
 			    struct commit_list *remoteheads,
-			    unsigned char *result_tree,
+			    struct object_id *result_tree,
 			    const char *wt_strategy)
 {
 	struct commit_list *parents = NULL;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	unsigned char result_commit[20];
+	struct object_id result_commit;
 
 	free_commit_list(common);
 	parents = remoteheads;
@@ -872,10 +876,10 @@ static int finish_automerge(struct commit *head,
 	strbuf_addch(&merge_msg, '\n');
 	prepare_to_commit(remoteheads);
 	if (commit_tree(merge_msg.buf, merge_msg.len, result_tree, parents,
-			result_commit, NULL, sign_commit))
+			&result_commit, NULL, sign_commit))
 		die(_("failed to write commit object"));
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "Merge made by the '%s' strategy.", wt_strategy);
-	finish(head, remoteheads, result_commit, buf.buf);
+	finish(head, remoteheads, &result_commit, buf.buf);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	drop_save();
 	return 0;
@@ -887,10 +891,8 @@ static int suggest_conflicts(void)
 	FILE *fp;
 	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	filename = git_path("MERGE_MSG");
-	fp = fopen(filename, "a");
-	if (!fp)
-		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"), filename);
+	filename = git_path_merge_msg(the_repository);
+	fp = xfopen(filename, "a");
 
 	append_conflicts_hint(&msgbuf);
 	fputs(msgbuf.buf, fp);
@@ -902,24 +904,6 @@ static int suggest_conflicts(void)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static struct commit *is_old_style_invocation(int argc, const char **argv,
-					      const unsigned char *head)
-{
-	struct commit *second_token = NULL;
-	if (argc > 2) {
-		unsigned char second_sha1[20];
-
-		if (get_sha1(argv[1], second_sha1))
-			return NULL;
-		second_token = lookup_commit_reference_gently(second_sha1, 0);
-		if (!second_token)
-			die(_("'%s' is not a commit"), argv[1]);
-		if (hashcmp(second_token->object.sha1, head))
-			return NULL;
-	}
-	return second_token;
-}
-
 static int evaluate_result(void)
 {
 	int cnt = 0;
@@ -955,12 +939,12 @@ static int setup_with_upstream(const char ***argv)
 
 	if (!branch)
 		die(_("No current branch."));
-	if (!branch->remote)
+	if (!branch->remote_name)
 		die(_("No remote for the current branch."));
 	if (!branch->merge_nr)
 		die(_("No default upstream defined for the current branch."));
 
-	args = xcalloc(branch->merge_nr + 1, sizeof(char *));
+	args = xcalloc(st_add(branch->merge_nr, 1), sizeof(char *));
 	for (i = 0; i < branch->merge_nr; i++) {
 		if (!branch->merge[i]->dst)
 			die(_("No remote-tracking branch for %s from %s"),
@@ -972,43 +956,39 @@ static int setup_with_upstream(const char ***argv)
 	return i;
 }
 
-static void write_merge_state(struct commit_list *remoteheads)
+static void write_merge_heads(struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 {
-	const char *filename;
-	int fd;
 	struct commit_list *j;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	for (j = remoteheads; j; j = j->next) {
-		unsigned const char *sha1;
+		struct object_id *oid;
 		struct commit *c = j->item;
-		if (c->util && merge_remote_util(c)->obj) {
-			sha1 = merge_remote_util(c)->obj->sha1;
+		struct merge_remote_desc *desc;
+
+		desc = merge_remote_util(c);
+		if (desc && desc->obj) {
+			oid = &desc->obj->oid;
 		} else {
-			sha1 = c->object.sha1;
+			oid = &c->object.oid;
 		}
-		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
 	}
-	filename = git_path("MERGE_HEAD");
-	fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"), filename);
-	if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len)
-		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), filename);
-	close(fd);
-	strbuf_addch(&merge_msg, '\n');
-	write_merge_msg(&merge_msg);
+	write_file_buf(git_path_merge_head(the_repository), buf.buf, buf.len);
 
-	filename = git_path("MERGE_MODE");
-	fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"), filename);
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
 	if (fast_forward == FF_NO)
-		strbuf_addf(&buf, "no-ff");
-	if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len)
-		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), filename);
-	close(fd);
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, "no-ff");
+	write_file_buf(git_path_merge_mode(the_repository), buf.buf, buf.len);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void write_merge_state(struct commit_list *remoteheads)
+{
+	write_merge_heads(remoteheads);
+	strbuf_addch(&merge_msg, '\n');
+	write_file_buf(git_path_merge_msg(the_repository), merge_msg.buf,
+		       merge_msg.len);
 }
 
 static int default_edit_option(void)
@@ -1022,9 +1002,9 @@ static int default_edit_option(void)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (e) {
-		int v = git_config_maybe_bool(name, e);
+		int v = git_parse_maybe_bool(e);
 		if (v < 0)
-			die("Bad value '%s' in environment '%s'", e, name);
+			die(_("Bad value '%s' in environment '%s'"), e, name);
 		return v;
 	}
 
@@ -1037,55 +1017,198 @@ static int default_edit_option(void)
 		st_stdin.st_mode == st_stdout.st_mode);
 }
 
+static struct commit_list *reduce_parents(struct commit *head_commit,
+					  int *head_subsumed,
+					  struct commit_list *remoteheads)
+{
+	struct commit_list *parents, **remotes;
+
+	/*
+	 * Is the current HEAD reachable from another commit being
+	 * merged?  If so we do not want to record it as a parent of
+	 * the resulting merge, unless --no-ff is given.  We will flip
+	 * this variable to 0 when we find HEAD among the independent
+	 * tips being merged.
+	 */
+	*head_subsumed = 1;
+
+	/* Find what parents to record by checking independent ones. */
+	parents = reduce_heads(remoteheads);
+	free_commit_list(remoteheads);
+
+	remoteheads = NULL;
+	remotes = &remoteheads;
+	while (parents) {
+		struct commit *commit = pop_commit(&parents);
+		if (commit == head_commit)
+			*head_subsumed = 0;
+		else
+			remotes = &commit_list_insert(commit, remotes)->next;
+	}
+	return remoteheads;
+}
+
+static void prepare_merge_message(struct strbuf *merge_names, struct strbuf *merge_msg)
+{
+	struct fmt_merge_msg_opts opts;
+
+	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+	opts.add_title = !have_message;
+	opts.shortlog_len = shortlog_len;
+	opts.credit_people = (0 < option_edit);
+
+	fmt_merge_msg(merge_names, merge_msg, &opts);
+	if (merge_msg->len)
+		strbuf_setlen(merge_msg, merge_msg->len - 1);
+}
+
+static void handle_fetch_head(struct commit_list **remotes, struct strbuf *merge_names)
+{
+	const char *filename;
+	int fd, pos, npos;
+	struct strbuf fetch_head_file = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const unsigned hexsz = the_hash_algo->hexsz;
+
+	if (!merge_names)
+		merge_names = &fetch_head_file;
+
+	filename = git_path_fetch_head(the_repository);
+	fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading"), filename);
+
+	if (strbuf_read(merge_names, fd, 0) < 0)
+		die_errno(_("could not read '%s'"), filename);
+	if (close(fd) < 0)
+		die_errno(_("could not close '%s'"), filename);
+
+	for (pos = 0; pos < merge_names->len; pos = npos) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		char *ptr;
+		struct commit *commit;
+
+		ptr = strchr(merge_names->buf + pos, '\n');
+		if (ptr)
+			npos = ptr - merge_names->buf + 1;
+		else
+			npos = merge_names->len;
+
+		if (npos - pos < hexsz + 2 ||
+		    get_oid_hex(merge_names->buf + pos, &oid))
+			commit = NULL; /* bad */
+		else if (memcmp(merge_names->buf + pos + hexsz, "\t\t", 2))
+			continue; /* not-for-merge */
+		else {
+			char saved = merge_names->buf[pos + hexsz];
+			merge_names->buf[pos + hexsz] = '\0';
+			commit = get_merge_parent(merge_names->buf + pos);
+			merge_names->buf[pos + hexsz] = saved;
+		}
+		if (!commit) {
+			if (ptr)
+				*ptr = '\0';
+			die(_("not something we can merge in %s: %s"),
+			    filename, merge_names->buf + pos);
+		}
+		remotes = &commit_list_insert(commit, remotes)->next;
+	}
+
+	if (merge_names == &fetch_head_file)
+		strbuf_release(&fetch_head_file);
+}
+
 static struct commit_list *collect_parents(struct commit *head_commit,
 					   int *head_subsumed,
-					   int argc, const char **argv)
+					   int argc, const char **argv,
+					   struct strbuf *merge_msg)
 {
 	int i;
-	struct commit_list *remoteheads = NULL, *parents, *next;
+	struct commit_list *remoteheads = NULL;
 	struct commit_list **remotes = &remoteheads;
+	struct strbuf merge_names = STRBUF_INIT, *autogen = NULL;
+
+	if (merge_msg && (!have_message || shortlog_len))
+		autogen = &merge_names;
 
 	if (head_commit)
 		remotes = &commit_list_insert(head_commit, remotes)->next;
-	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
-		struct commit *commit = get_merge_parent(argv[i]);
-		if (!commit)
-			help_unknown_ref(argv[i], "merge",
-					 "not something we can merge");
-		remotes = &commit_list_insert(commit, remotes)->next;
-	}
-	*remotes = NULL;
-
-	parents = reduce_heads(remoteheads);
 
-	*head_subsumed = 1; /* we will flip this to 0 when we find it */
-	for (remoteheads = NULL, remotes = &remoteheads;
-	     parents;
-	     parents = next) {
-		struct commit *commit = parents->item;
-		next = parents->next;
-		if (commit == head_commit)
-			*head_subsumed = 0;
-		else
+	if (argc == 1 && !strcmp(argv[0], "FETCH_HEAD")) {
+		handle_fetch_head(remotes, autogen);
+		remoteheads = reduce_parents(head_commit, head_subsumed, remoteheads);
+	} else {
+		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+			struct commit *commit = get_merge_parent(argv[i]);
+			if (!commit)
+				help_unknown_ref(argv[i], "merge",
+						 _("not something we can merge"));
 			remotes = &commit_list_insert(commit, remotes)->next;
+		}
+		remoteheads = reduce_parents(head_commit, head_subsumed, remoteheads);
+		if (autogen) {
+			struct commit_list *p;
+			for (p = remoteheads; p; p = p->next)
+				merge_name(merge_remote_util(p->item)->name, autogen);
+		}
 	}
+
+	if (autogen) {
+		prepare_merge_message(autogen, merge_msg);
+		strbuf_release(autogen);
+	}
+
 	return remoteheads;
 }
 
+static int merging_a_throwaway_tag(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	char *tag_ref;
+	struct object_id oid;
+	int is_throwaway_tag = 0;
+
+	/* Are we merging a tag? */
+	if (!merge_remote_util(commit) ||
+	    !merge_remote_util(commit)->obj ||
+	    merge_remote_util(commit)->obj->type != OBJ_TAG)
+		return is_throwaway_tag;
+
+	/*
+	 * Now we know we are merging a tag object.  Are we downstream
+	 * and following the tags from upstream?  If so, we must have
+	 * the tag object pointed at by "refs/tags/$T" where $T is the
+	 * tagname recorded in the tag object.  We want to allow such
+	 * a "just to catch up" merge to fast-forward.
+	 *
+	 * Otherwise, we are playing an integrator's role, making a
+	 * merge with a throw-away tag from a contributor with
+	 * something like "git pull $contributor $signed_tag".
+	 * We want to forbid such a merge from fast-forwarding
+	 * by default; otherwise we would not keep the signature
+	 * anywhere.
+	 */
+	tag_ref = xstrfmt("refs/tags/%s",
+			  ((struct tag *)merge_remote_util(commit)->obj)->tag);
+	if (!read_ref(tag_ref, &oid) &&
+	    !oidcmp(&oid, &merge_remote_util(commit)->obj->oid))
+		is_throwaway_tag = 0;
+	else
+		is_throwaway_tag = 1;
+	free(tag_ref);
+	return is_throwaway_tag;
+}
+
 int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	unsigned char result_tree[20];
-	unsigned char stash[20];
-	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id result_tree, stash, head_oid;
 	struct commit *head_commit;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *head_arg;
-	int flag, i, ret = 0, head_subsumed;
+	int i, ret = 0, head_subsumed;
 	int best_cnt = -1, merge_was_ok = 0, automerge_was_ok = 0;
 	struct commit_list *common = NULL;
 	const char *best_strategy = NULL, *wt_strategy = NULL;
 	struct commit_list *remoteheads, *p;
 	void *branch_to_free;
+	int orig_argc = argc;
 
 	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 		usage_with_options(builtin_merge_usage, builtin_merge_options);
@@ -1094,16 +1217,18 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * Check if we are _not_ on a detached HEAD, i.e. if there is a
 	 * current branch.
 	 */
-	branch = branch_to_free = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, head_sha1, &flag);
-	if (branch && starts_with(branch, "refs/heads/"))
-		branch += 11;
-	if (!branch || is_null_sha1(head_sha1))
-		head_commit = NULL;
-	else
-		head_commit = lookup_commit_or_die(head_sha1, "HEAD");
+	branch = branch_to_free = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, &head_oid, NULL);
+	if (branch)
+		skip_prefix(branch, "refs/heads/", &branch);
 
+	init_diff_ui_defaults();
 	git_config(git_merge_config, NULL);
 
+	if (!branch || is_null_oid(&head_oid))
+		head_commit = NULL;
+	else
+		head_commit = lookup_commit_or_die(&head_oid, "HEAD");
+
 	if (branch_mergeoptions)
 		parse_branch_merge_options(branch_mergeoptions);
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_merge_options,
@@ -1118,7 +1243,11 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		int nargc = 2;
 		const char *nargv[] = {"reset", "--merge", NULL};
 
-		if (!file_exists(git_path("MERGE_HEAD")))
+		if (orig_argc != 2)
+			usage_msg_opt(_("--abort expects no arguments"),
+			      builtin_merge_usage, builtin_merge_options);
+
+		if (!file_exists(git_path_merge_head(the_repository)))
 			die(_("There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."));
 
 		/* Invoke 'git reset --merge' */
@@ -1126,10 +1255,26 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		goto done;
 	}
 
+	if (continue_current_merge) {
+		int nargc = 1;
+		const char *nargv[] = {"commit", NULL};
+
+		if (orig_argc != 2)
+			usage_msg_opt(_("--continue expects no arguments"),
+			      builtin_merge_usage, builtin_merge_options);
+
+		if (!file_exists(git_path_merge_head(the_repository)))
+			die(_("There is no merge in progress (MERGE_HEAD missing)."));
+
+		/* Invoke 'git commit' */
+		ret = cmd_commit(nargc, nargv, prefix);
+		goto done;
+	}
+
 	if (read_cache_unmerged())
 		die_resolve_conflict("merge");
 
-	if (file_exists(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"))) {
+	if (file_exists(git_path_merge_head(the_repository))) {
 		/*
 		 * There is no unmerged entry, don't advise 'git
 		 * add/rm <file>', just 'git commit'.
@@ -1140,7 +1285,7 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		else
 			die(_("You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."));
 	}
-	if (file_exists(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"))) {
+	if (file_exists(git_path_cherry_pick_head(the_repository))) {
 		if (advice_resolve_conflict)
 			die(_("You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
 			    "Please, commit your changes before you merge."));
@@ -1158,86 +1303,52 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		option_commit = 0;
 	}
 
-	if (!abort_current_merge) {
-		if (!argc) {
-			if (default_to_upstream)
-				argc = setup_with_upstream(&argv);
-			else
-				die(_("No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."));
-		} else if (argc == 1 && !strcmp(argv[0], "-"))
-			argv[0] = "@{-1}";
+	if (!argc) {
+		if (default_to_upstream)
+			argc = setup_with_upstream(&argv);
+		else
+			die(_("No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."));
+	} else if (argc == 1 && !strcmp(argv[0], "-")) {
+		argv[0] = "@{-1}";
 	}
+
 	if (!argc)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_merge_usage,
 			builtin_merge_options);
 
-	/*
-	 * This could be traditional "merge <msg> HEAD <commit>..."  and
-	 * the way we can tell it is to see if the second token is HEAD,
-	 * but some people might have misused the interface and used a
-	 * commit-ish that is the same as HEAD there instead.
-	 * Traditional format never would have "-m" so it is an
-	 * additional safety measure to check for it.
-	 */
-
-	if (!have_message && head_commit &&
-	    is_old_style_invocation(argc, argv, head_commit->object.sha1)) {
-		strbuf_addstr(&merge_msg, argv[0]);
-		head_arg = argv[1];
-		argv += 2;
-		argc -= 2;
-		remoteheads = collect_parents(head_commit, &head_subsumed, argc, argv);
-	} else if (!head_commit) {
-		struct commit *remote_head;
+	if (!head_commit) {
 		/*
 		 * If the merged head is a valid one there is no reason
 		 * to forbid "git merge" into a branch yet to be born.
 		 * We do the same for "git pull".
 		 */
-		if (argc != 1)
-			die(_("Can merge only exactly one commit into "
-				"empty head"));
+		struct object_id *remote_head_oid;
 		if (squash)
 			die(_("Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"));
 		if (fast_forward == FF_NO)
 			die(_("Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into "
 			    "an empty head"));
-		remoteheads = collect_parents(head_commit, &head_subsumed, argc, argv);
-		remote_head = remoteheads->item;
-		if (!remote_head)
+		remoteheads = collect_parents(head_commit, &head_subsumed,
+					      argc, argv, NULL);
+		if (!remoteheads)
 			die(_("%s - not something we can merge"), argv[0]);
-		read_empty(remote_head->object.sha1, 0);
-		update_ref("initial pull", "HEAD", remote_head->object.sha1,
-			   NULL, 0, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
+		if (remoteheads->next)
+			die(_("Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"));
+		remote_head_oid = &remoteheads->item->object.oid;
+		read_empty(remote_head_oid, 0);
+		update_ref("initial pull", "HEAD", remote_head_oid, NULL, 0,
+			   UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
 		goto done;
-	} else {
-		struct strbuf merge_names = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-		/* We are invoked directly as the first-class UI. */
-		head_arg = "HEAD";
-
-		/*
-		 * All the rest are the commits being merged; prepare
-		 * the standard merge summary message to be appended
-		 * to the given message.
-		 */
-		remoteheads = collect_parents(head_commit, &head_subsumed, argc, argv);
-		for (p = remoteheads; p; p = p->next)
-			merge_name(merge_remote_util(p->item)->name, &merge_names);
-
-		if (!have_message || shortlog_len) {
-			struct fmt_merge_msg_opts opts;
-			memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
-			opts.add_title = !have_message;
-			opts.shortlog_len = shortlog_len;
-			opts.credit_people = (0 < option_edit);
-
-			fmt_merge_msg(&merge_names, &merge_msg, &opts);
-			if (merge_msg.len)
-				strbuf_setlen(&merge_msg, merge_msg.len - 1);
-		}
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * All the rest are the commits being merged; prepare
+	 * the standard merge summary message to be appended
+	 * to the given message.
+	 */
+	remoteheads = collect_parents(head_commit, &head_subsumed,
+				      argc, argv, &merge_msg);
+
 	if (!head_commit || !argc)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_merge_usage,
 			builtin_merge_options);
@@ -1245,13 +1356,13 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (verify_signatures) {
 		for (p = remoteheads; p; p = p->next) {
 			struct commit *commit = p->item;
-			char hex[41];
+			char hex[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
 			struct signature_check signature_check;
 			memset(&signature_check, 0, sizeof(signature_check));
 
 			check_commit_signature(commit, &signature_check);
 
-			strcpy(hex, find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+			find_unique_abbrev_r(hex, &commit->object.oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
 			switch (signature_check.result) {
 			case 'G':
 				break;
@@ -1281,13 +1392,10 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	for (p = remoteheads; p; p = p->next) {
 		struct commit *commit = p->item;
 		strbuf_addf(&buf, "GITHEAD_%s",
-			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+			    oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 		setenv(buf.buf, merge_remote_util(commit)->name, 1);
 		strbuf_reset(&buf);
-		if (fast_forward != FF_ONLY &&
-		    merge_remote_util(commit) &&
-		    merge_remote_util(commit)->obj &&
-		    merge_remote_util(commit)->obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
+		if (fast_forward != FF_ONLY && merging_a_throwaway_tag(commit))
 			fast_forward = FF_NO;
 	}
 
@@ -1321,35 +1429,37 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		free(list);
 	}
 
-	update_ref("updating ORIG_HEAD", "ORIG_HEAD", head_commit->object.sha1,
-		   NULL, 0, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
+	update_ref("updating ORIG_HEAD", "ORIG_HEAD",
+		   &head_commit->object.oid, NULL, 0, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
 
-	if (remoteheads && !common)
-		; /* No common ancestors found. We need a real merge. */
-	else if (!remoteheads ||
+	if (remoteheads && !common) {
+		/* No common ancestors found. */
+		if (!allow_unrelated_histories)
+			die(_("refusing to merge unrelated histories"));
+		/* otherwise, we need a real merge. */
+	} else if (!remoteheads ||
 		 (!remoteheads->next && !common->next &&
 		  common->item == remoteheads->item)) {
 		/*
 		 * If head can reach all the merge then we are up to date.
 		 * but first the most common case of merging one remote.
 		 */
-		finish_up_to_date("Already up-to-date.");
+		finish_up_to_date(_("Already up to date."));
 		goto done;
 	} else if (fast_forward != FF_NO && !remoteheads->next &&
 			!common->next &&
-			!hashcmp(common->item->object.sha1, head_commit->object.sha1)) {
+			!oidcmp(&common->item->object.oid, &head_commit->object.oid)) {
 		/* Again the most common case of merging one remote. */
 		struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
 		struct commit *commit;
-		char hex[41];
-
-		strcpy(hex, find_unique_abbrev(head_commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 
-		if (verbosity >= 0)
+		if (verbosity >= 0) {
 			printf(_("Updating %s..%s\n"),
-				hex,
-				find_unique_abbrev(remoteheads->item->object.sha1,
-				DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+			       find_unique_abbrev(&head_commit->object.oid,
+						  DEFAULT_ABBREV),
+			       find_unique_abbrev(&remoteheads->item->object.oid,
+						  DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		}
 		strbuf_addstr(&msg, "Fast-forward");
 		if (have_message)
 			strbuf_addstr(&msg,
@@ -1360,14 +1470,14 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			goto done;
 		}
 
-		if (checkout_fast_forward(head_commit->object.sha1,
-					  commit->object.sha1,
+		if (checkout_fast_forward(&head_commit->object.oid,
+					  &commit->object.oid,
 					  overwrite_ignore)) {
 			ret = 1;
 			goto done;
 		}
 
-		finish(head_commit, remoteheads, commit->object.sha1, msg.buf);
+		finish(head_commit, remoteheads, &commit->object.oid, msg.buf);
 		drop_save();
 		goto done;
 	} else if (!remoteheads->next && common->next)
@@ -1386,9 +1496,9 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			/* See if it is really trivial. */
 			git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT);
 			printf(_("Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"));
-			if (!read_tree_trivial(common->item->object.sha1,
-					       head_commit->object.sha1,
-					       remoteheads->item->object.sha1)) {
+			if (!read_tree_trivial(&common->item->object.oid,
+					       &head_commit->object.oid,
+					       &remoteheads->item->object.oid)) {
 				ret = merge_trivial(head_commit, remoteheads);
 				goto done;
 			}
@@ -1411,14 +1521,13 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			 * HEAD^^" would be missed.
 			 */
 			common_one = get_merge_bases(head_commit, j->item);
-			if (hashcmp(common_one->item->object.sha1,
-				j->item->object.sha1)) {
+			if (oidcmp(&common_one->item->object.oid, &j->item->object.oid)) {
 				up_to_date = 0;
 				break;
 			}
 		}
 		if (up_to_date) {
-			finish_up_to_date("Already up-to-date. Yeeah!");
+			finish_up_to_date(_("Already up to date. Yeeah!"));
 			goto done;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1441,14 +1550,14 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	    /*
 	     * Stash away the local changes so that we can try more than one.
 	     */
-	    save_state(stash))
-		hashcpy(stash, null_sha1);
+	    save_state(&stash))
+		oidclr(&stash);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < use_strategies_nr; i++) {
 		int ret;
 		if (i) {
 			printf(_("Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"));
-			restore_state(head_commit->object.sha1, stash);
+			restore_state(&head_commit->object.oid, &stash);
 		}
 		if (use_strategies_nr != 1)
 			printf(_("Trying merge strategy %s...\n"),
@@ -1461,7 +1570,7 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 		ret = try_merge_strategy(use_strategies[i]->name,
 					 common, remoteheads,
-					 head_commit, head_arg);
+					 head_commit);
 		if (!option_commit && !ret) {
 			merge_was_ok = 1;
 			/*
@@ -1493,7 +1602,7 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		}
 
 		/* Automerge succeeded. */
-		write_tree_trivial(result_tree);
+		write_tree_trivial(&result_tree);
 		automerge_was_ok = 1;
 		break;
 	}
@@ -1505,7 +1614,7 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (automerge_was_ok) {
 		ret = finish_automerge(head_commit, head_subsumed,
 				       common, remoteheads,
-				       result_tree, wt_strategy);
+				       &result_tree, wt_strategy);
 		goto done;
 	}
 
@@ -1514,7 +1623,7 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * it up.
 	 */
 	if (!best_strategy) {
-		restore_state(head_commit->object.sha1, stash);
+		restore_state(&head_commit->object.oid, &stash);
 		if (use_strategies_nr > 1)
 			fprintf(stderr,
 				_("No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"));
@@ -1527,11 +1636,11 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		; /* We already have its result in the working tree. */
 	else {
 		printf(_("Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"));
-		restore_state(head_commit->object.sha1, stash);
+		restore_state(&head_commit->object.oid, &stash);
 		printf(_("Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"),
 			best_strategy);
 		try_merge_strategy(best_strategy, common, remoteheads,
-				   head_commit, head_arg);
+				   head_commit);
 	}
 
 	if (squash)
diff --git a/builtin/mktag.c b/builtin/mktag.c
index 640ab64f41..6fb7dc8578 100644
--- a/builtin/mktag.c
+++ b/builtin/mktag.c
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "tag.h"
+#include "replace-object.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 /*
  * A signature file has a very simple fixed format: four lines
@@ -18,17 +20,17 @@
 /*
  * We refuse to tag something we can't verify. Just because.
  */
-static int verify_object(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *expected_type)
+static int verify_object(const struct object_id *oid, const char *expected_type)
 {
 	int ret = -1;
 	enum object_type type;
 	unsigned long size;
-	void *buffer = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
-	const unsigned char *repl = lookup_replace_object(sha1);
+	void *buffer = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
+	const struct object_id *repl = lookup_replace_object(the_repository, oid);
 
 	if (buffer) {
 		if (type == type_from_string(expected_type))
-			ret = check_sha1_signature(repl, buffer, size, expected_type);
+			ret = check_object_signature(repl, buffer, size, expected_type);
 		free(buffer);
 	}
 	return ret;
@@ -38,8 +40,8 @@ static int verify_tag(char *buffer, unsigned long size)
 {
 	int typelen;
 	char type[20];
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	const char *object, *type_line, *tag_line, *tagger_line, *lb, *rb;
+	struct object_id oid;
+	const char *object, *type_line, *tag_line, *tagger_line, *lb, *rb, *p;
 	size_t len;
 
 	if (size < 84)
@@ -52,11 +54,11 @@ static int verify_tag(char *buffer, unsigned long size)
 	if (memcmp(object, "object ", 7))
 		return error("char%d: does not start with \"object \"", 0);
 
-	if (get_sha1_hex(object + 7, sha1))
+	if (parse_oid_hex(object + 7, &oid, &p))
 		return error("char%d: could not get SHA1 hash", 7);
 
 	/* Verify type line */
-	type_line = object + 48;
+	type_line = p + 1;
 	if (memcmp(type_line - 1, "\ntype ", 6))
 		return error("char%d: could not find \"\\ntype \"", 47);
 
@@ -80,8 +82,8 @@ static int verify_tag(char *buffer, unsigned long size)
 	type[typelen] = 0;
 
 	/* Verify that the object matches */
-	if (verify_object(sha1, type))
-		return error("char%d: could not verify object %s", 7, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	if (verify_object(&oid, type))
+		return error("char%d: could not verify object %s", 7, oid_to_hex(&oid));
 
 	/* Verify the tag-name: we don't allow control characters or spaces in it */
 	tag_line += 4;
@@ -151,10 +153,10 @@ static int verify_tag(char *buffer, unsigned long size)
 int cmd_mktag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	unsigned char result_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id result;
 
 	if (argc != 1)
-		usage("git mktag < signaturefile");
+		usage("git mktag");
 
 	if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 4096) < 0) {
 		die_errno("could not read from stdin");
@@ -165,10 +167,10 @@ int cmd_mktag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (verify_tag(buf.buf, buf.len) < 0)
 		die("invalid tag signature file");
 
-	if (write_sha1_file(buf.buf, buf.len, tag_type, result_sha1) < 0)
+	if (write_object_file(buf.buf, buf.len, tag_type, &result) < 0)
 		die("unable to write tag file");
 
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
+	printf("%s\n", oid_to_hex(&result));
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/mktree.c b/builtin/mktree.c
index a964d6be52..2dc4ad6ba8 100644
--- a/builtin/mktree.c
+++ b/builtin/mktree.c
@@ -7,28 +7,30 @@
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 static struct treeent {
 	unsigned mode;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	int len;
 	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
 } **entries;
 static int alloc, used;
 
-static void append_to_tree(unsigned mode, unsigned char *sha1, char *path)
+static void append_to_tree(unsigned mode, struct object_id *oid, char *path)
 {
 	struct treeent *ent;
-	int len = strlen(path);
+	size_t len = strlen(path);
 	if (strchr(path, '/'))
 		die("path %s contains slash", path);
 
-	ALLOC_GROW(entries, used + 1, alloc);
-	ent = entries[used++] = xmalloc(sizeof(**entries) + len + 1);
+	FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(ent, name, path, len);
 	ent->mode = mode;
 	ent->len = len;
-	hashcpy(ent->sha1, sha1);
-	memcpy(ent->name, path, len+1);
+	oidcpy(&ent->oid, oid);
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(entries, used + 1, alloc);
+	entries[used++] = ent;
 }
 
 static int ent_compare(const void *a_, const void *b_)
@@ -39,13 +41,13 @@ static int ent_compare(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 				 b->name, b->len, b->mode);
 }
 
-static void write_tree(unsigned char *sha1)
+static void write_tree(struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf;
 	size_t size;
 	int i;
 
-	qsort(entries, used, sizeof(*entries), ent_compare);
+	QSORT(entries, used, ent_compare);
 	for (size = i = 0; i < used; i++)
 		size += 32 + entries[i]->len;
 
@@ -53,10 +55,10 @@ static void write_tree(unsigned char *sha1)
 	for (i = 0; i < used; i++) {
 		struct treeent *ent = entries[i];
 		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%o %s%c", ent->mode, ent->name, '\0');
-		strbuf_add(&buf, ent->sha1, 20);
+		strbuf_add(&buf, ent->oid.hash, the_hash_algo->rawsz);
 	}
 
-	write_sha1_file(buf.buf, buf.len, tree_type, sha1);
+	write_object_file(buf.buf, buf.len, tree_type, oid);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
@@ -65,14 +67,15 @@ static const char *mktree_usage[] = {
 	NULL
 };
 
-static void mktree_line(char *buf, size_t len, int line_termination, int allow_missing)
+static void mktree_line(char *buf, size_t len, int nul_term_line, int allow_missing)
 {
 	char *ptr, *ntr;
+	const char *p;
 	unsigned mode;
 	enum object_type mode_type; /* object type derived from mode */
 	enum object_type obj_type; /* object type derived from sha */
-	char *path;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	char *path, *to_free = NULL;
+	struct object_id oid;
 
 	ptr = buf;
 	/*
@@ -84,9 +87,8 @@ static void mktree_line(char *buf, size_t len, int line_termination, int allow_m
 		die("input format error: %s", buf);
 	ptr = ntr + 1; /* type */
 	ntr = strchr(ptr, ' ');
-	if (!ntr || buf + len <= ntr + 40 ||
-	    ntr[41] != '\t' ||
-	    get_sha1_hex(ntr + 1, sha1))
+	if (!ntr || parse_oid_hex(ntr + 1, &oid, &p) ||
+	    *p != '\t')
 		die("input format error: %s", buf);
 
 	/* It is perfectly normal if we do not have a commit from a submodule */
@@ -97,11 +99,11 @@ static void mktree_line(char *buf, size_t len, int line_termination, int allow_m
 	*ntr++ = 0; /* now at the beginning of SHA1 */
 
 	path = ntr + 41;  /* at the beginning of name */
-	if (line_termination && path[0] == '"') {
+	if (!nul_term_line && path[0] == '"') {
 		struct strbuf p_uq = STRBUF_INIT;
 		if (unquote_c_style(&p_uq, path, NULL))
 			die("invalid quoting");
-		path = strbuf_detach(&p_uq, NULL);
+		path = to_free = strbuf_detach(&p_uq, NULL);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -111,16 +113,16 @@ static void mktree_line(char *buf, size_t len, int line_termination, int allow_m
 	mode_type = object_type(mode);
 	if (mode_type != type_from_string(ptr)) {
 		die("entry '%s' object type (%s) doesn't match mode type (%s)",
-			path, ptr, typename(mode_type));
+			path, ptr, type_name(mode_type));
 	}
 
 	/* Check the type of object identified by sha1 */
-	obj_type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+	obj_type = oid_object_info(the_repository, &oid, NULL);
 	if (obj_type < 0) {
 		if (allow_missing) {
 			; /* no problem - missing objects are presumed to be of the right type */
 		} else {
-			die("entry '%s' object %s is unavailable", path, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die("entry '%s' object %s is unavailable", path, oid_to_hex(&oid));
 		}
 	} else {
 		if (obj_type != mode_type) {
@@ -130,34 +132,37 @@ static void mktree_line(char *buf, size_t len, int line_termination, int allow_m
 			 * because the new tree entry will never be correct.
 			 */
 			die("entry '%s' object %s is a %s but specified type was (%s)",
-				path, sha1_to_hex(sha1), typename(obj_type), typename(mode_type));
+				path, oid_to_hex(&oid), type_name(obj_type), type_name(mode_type));
 		}
 	}
 
-	append_to_tree(mode, sha1, path);
+	append_to_tree(mode, &oid, path);
+	free(to_free);
 }
 
 int cmd_mktree(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int line_termination = '\n';
+	struct object_id oid;
+	int nul_term_line = 0;
 	int allow_missing = 0;
 	int is_batch_mode = 0;
 	int got_eof = 0;
+	strbuf_getline_fn getline_fn;
 
 	const struct option option[] = {
-		OPT_SET_INT('z', NULL, &line_termination, N_("input is NUL terminated"), '\0'),
+		OPT_BOOL('z', NULL, &nul_term_line, N_("input is NUL terminated")),
 		OPT_SET_INT( 0 , "missing", &allow_missing, N_("allow missing objects"), 1),
 		OPT_SET_INT( 0 , "batch", &is_batch_mode, N_("allow creation of more than one tree"), 1),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
 	ac = parse_options(ac, av, prefix, option, mktree_usage, 0);
+	getline_fn = nul_term_line ? strbuf_getline_nul : strbuf_getline_lf;
 
 	while (!got_eof) {
 		while (1) {
-			if (strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin, line_termination) == EOF) {
+			if (getline_fn(&sb, stdin) == EOF) {
 				got_eof = 1;
 				break;
 			}
@@ -167,7 +172,7 @@ int cmd_mktree(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 					break;
 				die("input format error: (blank line only valid in batch mode)");
 			}
-			mktree_line(sb.buf, sb.len, line_termination, allow_missing);
+			mktree_line(sb.buf, sb.len, nul_term_line, allow_missing);
 		}
 		if (is_batch_mode && got_eof && used < 1) {
 			/*
@@ -177,8 +182,8 @@ int cmd_mktree(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 			 */
 			; /* skip creating an empty tree */
 		} else {
-			write_tree(sha1);
-			puts(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			write_tree(&oid);
+			puts(oid_to_hex(&oid));
 			fflush(stdout);
 		}
 		used=0; /* reset tree entry buffer for re-use in batch mode */
diff --git a/builtin/mv.c b/builtin/mv.c
index d1d43168ae..80bb967a63 100644
--- a/builtin/mv.c
+++ b/builtin/mv.c
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2006 Johannes Schindelin
  */
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "pathspec.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
@@ -19,37 +21,49 @@ static const char * const builtin_mv_usage[] = {
 #define DUP_BASENAME 1
 #define KEEP_TRAILING_SLASH 2
 
-static const char **internal_copy_pathspec(const char *prefix,
-					   const char **pathspec,
-					   int count, unsigned flags)
+static const char **internal_prefix_pathspec(const char *prefix,
+					     const char **pathspec,
+					     int count, unsigned flags)
 {
 	int i;
-	const char **result = xmalloc((count + 1) * sizeof(const char *));
-	memcpy(result, pathspec, count * sizeof(const char *));
-	result[count] = NULL;
+	const char **result;
+	int prefixlen = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(result, count + 1);
+
+	/* Create an intermediate copy of the pathspec based on the flags */
 	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-		int length = strlen(result[i]);
+		int length = strlen(pathspec[i]);
 		int to_copy = length;
+		char *it;
 		while (!(flags & KEEP_TRAILING_SLASH) &&
-		       to_copy > 0 && is_dir_sep(result[i][to_copy - 1]))
+		       to_copy > 0 && is_dir_sep(pathspec[i][to_copy - 1]))
 			to_copy--;
-		if (to_copy != length || flags & DUP_BASENAME) {
-			char *it = xmemdupz(result[i], to_copy);
-			if (flags & DUP_BASENAME) {
-				result[i] = xstrdup(basename(it));
-				free(it);
-			} else
-				result[i] = it;
+
+		it = xmemdupz(pathspec[i], to_copy);
+		if (flags & DUP_BASENAME) {
+			result[i] = xstrdup(basename(it));
+			free(it);
+		} else {
+			result[i] = it;
 		}
 	}
-	return get_pathspec(prefix, result);
+	result[count] = NULL;
+
+	/* Prefix the pathspec and free the old intermediate strings */
+	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+		const char *match = prefix_path(prefix, prefixlen, result[i]);
+		free((char *) result[i]);
+		result[i] = match;
+	}
+
+	return result;
 }
 
 static const char *add_slash(const char *path)
 {
-	int len = strlen(path);
+	size_t len = strlen(path);
 	if (path[len - 1] != '/') {
-		char *with_slash = xmalloc(len + 2);
+		char *with_slash = xmalloc(st_add(len, 2));
 		memcpy(with_slash, path, len);
 		with_slash[len++] = '/';
 		with_slash[len] = 0;
@@ -58,7 +72,6 @@ static const char *add_slash(const char *path)
 	return path;
 }
 
-static struct lock_file lock_file;
 #define SUBMODULE_WITH_GITDIR ((const char *)1)
 
 static void prepare_move_submodule(const char *src, int first,
@@ -67,7 +80,7 @@ static void prepare_move_submodule(const char *src, int first,
 	struct strbuf submodule_dotgit = STRBUF_INIT;
 	if (!S_ISGITLINK(active_cache[first]->ce_mode))
 		die(_("Directory %s is in index and no submodule?"), src);
-	if (!is_staging_gitmodules_ok())
+	if (!is_staging_gitmodules_ok(&the_index))
 		die(_("Please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"));
 	strbuf_addf(&submodule_dotgit, "%s/.git", src);
 	*submodule_gitfile = read_gitfile(submodule_dotgit.buf);
@@ -103,12 +116,13 @@ static int index_range_of_same_dir(const char *src, int length,
 
 int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i, gitmodules_modified = 0;
+	int i, flags, gitmodules_modified = 0;
 	int verbose = 0, show_only = 0, force = 0, ignore_errors = 0;
 	struct option builtin_mv_options[] = {
 		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("be verbose")),
 		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, N_("dry run")),
-		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("force move/rename even if target exists")),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("force move/rename even if target exists"),
+			   PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
 		OPT_BOOL('k', NULL, &ignore_errors, N_("skip move/rename errors")),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
@@ -116,8 +130,8 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	enum update_mode { BOTH = 0, WORKING_DIRECTORY, INDEX } *modes;
 	struct stat st;
 	struct string_list src_for_dst = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
 
-	gitmodules_config();
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_mv_options,
@@ -125,27 +139,30 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (--argc < 1)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_mv_usage, builtin_mv_options);
 
-	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
+	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		die(_("index file corrupt"));
 
-	source = internal_copy_pathspec(prefix, argv, argc, 0);
+	source = internal_prefix_pathspec(prefix, argv, argc, 0);
 	modes = xcalloc(argc, sizeof(enum update_mode));
 	/*
 	 * Keep trailing slash, needed to let
-	 * "git mv file no-such-dir/" error out.
+	 * "git mv file no-such-dir/" error out, except in the case
+	 * "git mv directory no-such-dir/".
 	 */
-	dest_path = internal_copy_pathspec(prefix, argv + argc, 1,
-					   KEEP_TRAILING_SLASH);
+	flags = KEEP_TRAILING_SLASH;
+	if (argc == 1 && is_directory(argv[0]) && !is_directory(argv[1]))
+		flags = 0;
+	dest_path = internal_prefix_pathspec(prefix, argv + argc, 1, flags);
 	submodule_gitfile = xcalloc(argc, sizeof(char *));
 
 	if (dest_path[0][0] == '\0')
 		/* special case: "." was normalized to "" */
-		destination = internal_copy_pathspec(dest_path[0], argv, argc, DUP_BASENAME);
+		destination = internal_prefix_pathspec(dest_path[0], argv, argc, DUP_BASENAME);
 	else if (!lstat(dest_path[0], &st) &&
 			S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
 		dest_path[0] = add_slash(dest_path[0]);
-		destination = internal_copy_pathspec(dest_path[0], argv, argc, DUP_BASENAME);
+		destination = internal_prefix_pathspec(dest_path[0], argv, argc, DUP_BASENAME);
 	} else {
 		if (argc != 1)
 			die(_("destination '%s' is not a directory"), dest_path[0]);
@@ -251,15 +268,20 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		int pos;
 		if (show_only || verbose)
 			printf(_("Renaming %s to %s\n"), src, dst);
-		if (!show_only && mode != INDEX) {
-			if (rename(src, dst) < 0 && !ignore_errors)
-				die_errno(_("renaming '%s' failed"), src);
-			if (submodule_gitfile[i]) {
-				if (submodule_gitfile[i] != SUBMODULE_WITH_GITDIR)
-					connect_work_tree_and_git_dir(dst, submodule_gitfile[i]);
-				if (!update_path_in_gitmodules(src, dst))
-					gitmodules_modified = 1;
-			}
+		if (show_only)
+			continue;
+		if (mode != INDEX && rename(src, dst) < 0) {
+			if (ignore_errors)
+				continue;
+			die_errno(_("renaming '%s' failed"), src);
+		}
+		if (submodule_gitfile[i]) {
+			if (!update_path_in_gitmodules(src, dst))
+				gitmodules_modified = 1;
+			if (submodule_gitfile[i] != SUBMODULE_WITH_GITDIR)
+				connect_work_tree_and_git_dir(dst,
+							      submodule_gitfile[i],
+							      1);
 		}
 
 		if (mode == WORKING_DIRECTORY)
@@ -267,15 +289,14 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 		pos = cache_name_pos(src, strlen(src));
 		assert(pos >= 0);
-		if (!show_only)
-			rename_cache_entry_at(pos, dst);
+		rename_cache_entry_at(pos, dst);
 	}
 
 	if (gitmodules_modified)
-		stage_updated_gitmodules();
+		stage_updated_gitmodules(&the_index);
 
-	if (active_cache_changed &&
-	    write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file,
+			       COMMIT_LOCK | SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED))
 		die(_("Unable to write new index file"));
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/builtin/name-rev.c b/builtin/name-rev.c
index 9736d4452f..f1cb45c227 100644
--- a/builtin/name-rev.c
+++ b/builtin/name-rev.c
@@ -1,31 +1,91 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "sha1-lookup.h"
+#include "commit-slab.h"
 
 #define CUTOFF_DATE_SLOP 86400 /* one day */
 
 typedef struct rev_name {
 	const char *tip_name;
+	timestamp_t taggerdate;
 	int generation;
 	int distance;
+	int from_tag;
 } rev_name;
 
-static long cutoff = LONG_MAX;
+define_commit_slab(commit_rev_name, struct rev_name *);
+
+static timestamp_t cutoff = TIME_MAX;
+static struct commit_rev_name rev_names;
 
 /* How many generations are maximally preferred over _one_ merge traversal? */
 #define MERGE_TRAVERSAL_WEIGHT 65535
 
+static struct rev_name *get_commit_rev_name(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct rev_name **slot = commit_rev_name_peek(&rev_names, commit);
+
+	return slot ? *slot : NULL;
+}
+
+static void set_commit_rev_name(struct commit *commit, struct rev_name *name)
+{
+	*commit_rev_name_at(&rev_names, commit) = name;
+}
+
+static int is_better_name(struct rev_name *name,
+			  const char *tip_name,
+			  timestamp_t taggerdate,
+			  int generation,
+			  int distance,
+			  int from_tag)
+{
+	/*
+	 * When comparing names based on tags, prefer names
+	 * based on the older tag, even if it is farther away.
+	 */
+	if (from_tag && name->from_tag)
+		return (name->taggerdate > taggerdate ||
+			(name->taggerdate == taggerdate &&
+			 name->distance > distance));
+
+	/*
+	 * We know that at least one of them is a non-tag at this point.
+	 * favor a tag over a non-tag.
+	 */
+	if (name->from_tag != from_tag)
+		return from_tag;
+
+	/*
+	 * We are now looking at two non-tags.  Tiebreak to favor
+	 * shorter hops.
+	 */
+	if (name->distance != distance)
+		return name->distance > distance;
+
+	/* ... or tiebreak to favor older date */
+	if (name->taggerdate != taggerdate)
+		return name->taggerdate > taggerdate;
+
+	/* keep the current one if we cannot decide */
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void name_rev(struct commit *commit,
-		const char *tip_name, int generation, int distance,
+		const char *tip_name, timestamp_t taggerdate,
+		int generation, int distance, int from_tag,
 		int deref)
 {
-	struct rev_name *name = (struct rev_name *)commit->util;
+	struct rev_name *name = get_commit_rev_name(commit);
 	struct commit_list *parents;
 	int parent_number = 1;
+	char *to_free = NULL;
 
 	parse_commit(commit);
 
@@ -33,7 +93,7 @@ static void name_rev(struct commit *commit,
 		return;
 
 	if (deref) {
-		tip_name = xstrfmt("%s^0", tip_name);
+		tip_name = to_free = xstrfmt("%s^0", tip_name);
 
 		if (generation)
 			die("generation: %d, but deref?", generation);
@@ -41,40 +101,43 @@ static void name_rev(struct commit *commit,
 
 	if (name == NULL) {
 		name = xmalloc(sizeof(rev_name));
-		commit->util = name;
+		set_commit_rev_name(commit, name);
 		goto copy_data;
-	} else if (name->distance > distance) {
+	} else if (is_better_name(name, tip_name, taggerdate,
+				  generation, distance, from_tag)) {
 copy_data:
 		name->tip_name = tip_name;
+		name->taggerdate = taggerdate;
 		name->generation = generation;
 		name->distance = distance;
-	} else
+		name->from_tag = from_tag;
+	} else {
+		free(to_free);
 		return;
+	}
 
 	for (parents = commit->parents;
 			parents;
 			parents = parents->next, parent_number++) {
 		if (parent_number > 1) {
-			int len = strlen(tip_name);
-			char *new_name = xmalloc(len +
-				1 + decimal_length(generation) +  /* ~<n> */
-				1 + 2 +				  /* ^NN */
-				1);
-
-			if (len > 2 && !strcmp(tip_name + len - 2, "^0"))
-				len -= 2;
+			size_t len;
+			char *new_name;
+
+			strip_suffix(tip_name, "^0", &len);
 			if (generation > 0)
-				sprintf(new_name, "%.*s~%d^%d", len, tip_name,
-						generation, parent_number);
+				new_name = xstrfmt("%.*s~%d^%d", (int)len, tip_name,
+						   generation, parent_number);
 			else
-				sprintf(new_name, "%.*s^%d", len, tip_name,
-						parent_number);
+				new_name = xstrfmt("%.*s^%d", (int)len, tip_name,
+						   parent_number);
 
-			name_rev(parents->item, new_name, 0,
-				distance + MERGE_TRAVERSAL_WEIGHT, 0);
+			name_rev(parents->item, new_name, taggerdate, 0,
+				 distance + MERGE_TRAVERSAL_WEIGHT,
+				 from_tag, 0);
 		} else {
-			name_rev(parents->item, tip_name, generation + 1,
-				distance + 1, 0);
+			name_rev(parents->item, tip_name, taggerdate,
+				 generation + 1, distance + 1,
+				 from_tag, 0);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -84,7 +147,7 @@ static int subpath_matches(const char *path, const char *filter)
 	const char *subpath = path;
 
 	while (subpath) {
-		if (!wildmatch(filter, subpath, 0, NULL))
+		if (!wildmatch(filter, subpath, 0))
 			return subpath - path;
 		subpath = strchr(subpath, '/');
 		if (subpath)
@@ -107,12 +170,13 @@ static const char *name_ref_abbrev(const char *refname, int shorten_unambiguous)
 struct name_ref_data {
 	int tags_only;
 	int name_only;
-	const char *ref_filter;
+	struct string_list ref_filters;
+	struct string_list exclude_filters;
 };
 
 static struct tip_table {
 	struct tip_table_entry {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		const char *refname;
 	} *table;
 	int nr;
@@ -120,13 +184,13 @@ static struct tip_table {
 	int sorted;
 } tip_table;
 
-static void add_to_tip_table(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *refname,
+static void add_to_tip_table(const struct object_id *oid, const char *refname,
 			     int shorten_unambiguous)
 {
 	refname = name_ref_abbrev(refname, shorten_unambiguous);
 
 	ALLOC_GROW(tip_table.table, tip_table.nr + 1, tip_table.alloc);
-	hashcpy(tip_table.table[tip_table.nr].sha1, sha1);
+	oidcpy(&tip_table.table[tip_table.nr].oid, oid);
 	tip_table.table[tip_table.nr].refname = xstrdup(refname);
 	tip_table.nr++;
 	tip_table.sorted = 0;
@@ -135,45 +199,82 @@ static void add_to_tip_table(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *refname,
 static int tipcmp(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 {
 	const struct tip_table_entry *a = a_, *b = b_;
-	return hashcmp(a->sha1, b->sha1);
+	return oidcmp(&a->oid, &b->oid);
 }
 
-static int name_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
+static int name_ref(const char *path, const struct object_id *oid, int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
-	struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
+	struct object *o = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
 	struct name_ref_data *data = cb_data;
 	int can_abbreviate_output = data->tags_only && data->name_only;
 	int deref = 0;
+	timestamp_t taggerdate = TIME_MAX;
 
 	if (data->tags_only && !starts_with(path, "refs/tags/"))
 		return 0;
 
-	if (data->ref_filter) {
-		switch (subpath_matches(path, data->ref_filter)) {
-		case -1: /* did not match */
-			return 0;
-		case 0:  /* matched fully */
-			break;
-		default: /* matched subpath */
-			can_abbreviate_output = 1;
-			break;
+	if (data->exclude_filters.nr) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, &data->exclude_filters) {
+			if (subpath_matches(path, item->string) >= 0)
+				return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (data->ref_filters.nr) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+		int matched = 0;
+
+		/* See if any of the patterns match. */
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, &data->ref_filters) {
+			/*
+			 * Check all patterns even after finding a match, so
+			 * that we can see if a match with a subpath exists.
+			 * When a user asked for 'refs/tags/v*' and 'v1.*',
+			 * both of which match, the user is showing her
+			 * willingness to accept a shortened output by having
+			 * the 'v1.*' in the acceptable refnames, so we
+			 * shouldn't stop when seeing 'refs/tags/v1.4' matches
+			 * 'refs/tags/v*'.  We should show it as 'v1.4'.
+			 */
+			switch (subpath_matches(path, item->string)) {
+			case -1: /* did not match */
+				break;
+			case 0: /* matched fully */
+				matched = 1;
+				break;
+			default: /* matched subpath */
+				matched = 1;
+				can_abbreviate_output = 1;
+				break;
+			}
 		}
+
+		/* If none of the patterns matched, stop now */
+		if (!matched)
+			return 0;
 	}
 
-	add_to_tip_table(sha1, path, can_abbreviate_output);
+	add_to_tip_table(oid, path, can_abbreviate_output);
 
 	while (o && o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
 		struct tag *t = (struct tag *) o;
 		if (!t->tagged)
 			break; /* broken repository */
-		o = parse_object(t->tagged->sha1);
+		o = parse_object(the_repository, &t->tagged->oid);
 		deref = 1;
+		taggerdate = t->date;
 	}
 	if (o && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
 		struct commit *commit = (struct commit *)o;
+		int from_tag = starts_with(path, "refs/tags/");
 
+		if (taggerdate == TIME_MAX)
+			taggerdate = ((struct commit *)o)->date;
 		path = name_ref_abbrev(path, can_abbreviate_output);
-		name_rev(commit, xstrdup(path), 0, 0, deref);
+		name_rev(commit, xstrdup(path), taggerdate, 0, 0,
+			 from_tag, deref);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -181,7 +282,7 @@ static int name_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void
 static const unsigned char *nth_tip_table_ent(size_t ix, void *table_)
 {
 	struct tip_table_entry *table = table_;
-	return table[ix].sha1;
+	return table[ix].oid.hash;
 }
 
 static const char *get_exact_ref_match(const struct object *o)
@@ -192,29 +293,27 @@ static const char *get_exact_ref_match(const struct object *o)
 		return NULL;
 
 	if (!tip_table.sorted) {
-		qsort(tip_table.table, tip_table.nr, sizeof(*tip_table.table),
-		      tipcmp);
+		QSORT(tip_table.table, tip_table.nr, tipcmp);
 		tip_table.sorted = 1;
 	}
 
-	found = sha1_pos(o->sha1, tip_table.table, tip_table.nr,
+	found = sha1_pos(o->oid.hash, tip_table.table, tip_table.nr,
 			 nth_tip_table_ent);
 	if (0 <= found)
 		return tip_table.table[found].refname;
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-/* returns a static buffer */
-static const char *get_rev_name(const struct object *o)
+/* may return a constant string or use "buf" as scratch space */
+static const char *get_rev_name(const struct object *o, struct strbuf *buf)
 {
-	static char buffer[1024];
 	struct rev_name *n;
 	struct commit *c;
 
 	if (o->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 		return get_exact_ref_match(o);
 	c = (struct commit *) o;
-	n = c->util;
+	n = get_commit_rev_name(c);
 	if (!n)
 		return NULL;
 
@@ -224,10 +323,9 @@ static const char *get_rev_name(const struct object *o)
 		int len = strlen(n->tip_name);
 		if (len > 2 && !strcmp(n->tip_name + len - 2, "^0"))
 			len -= 2;
-		snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%.*s~%d", len, n->tip_name,
-				n->generation);
-
-		return buffer;
+		strbuf_reset(buf);
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%.*s~%d", len, n->tip_name, n->generation);
+		return buf->buf;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -236,19 +334,21 @@ static void show_name(const struct object *obj,
 		      int always, int allow_undefined, int name_only)
 {
 	const char *name;
-	const unsigned char *sha1 = obj->sha1;
+	const struct object_id *oid = &obj->oid;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (!name_only)
-		printf("%s ", caller_name ? caller_name : sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	name = get_rev_name(obj);
+		printf("%s ", caller_name ? caller_name : oid_to_hex(oid));
+	name = get_rev_name(obj, &buf);
 	if (name)
 		printf("%s\n", name);
 	else if (allow_undefined)
 		printf("undefined\n");
 	else if (always)
-		printf("%s\n", find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		printf("%s\n", find_unique_abbrev(oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 	else
-		die("cannot describe '%s'", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		die("cannot describe '%s'", oid_to_hex(oid));
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
 static char const * const name_rev_usage[] = {
@@ -260,15 +360,16 @@ static char const * const name_rev_usage[] = {
 
 static void name_rev_line(char *p, struct name_ref_data *data)
 {
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int forty = 0;
 	char *p_start;
 	for (p_start = p; *p; p++) {
 #define ishex(x) (isdigit((x)) || ((x) >= 'a' && (x) <= 'f'))
 		if (!ishex(*p))
 			forty = 0;
-		else if (++forty == 40 &&
+		else if (++forty == GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ &&
 			 !ishex(*(p+1))) {
-			unsigned char sha1[40];
+			struct object_id oid;
 			const char *name = NULL;
 			char c = *(p+1);
 			int p_len = p - p_start + 1;
@@ -276,11 +377,12 @@ static void name_rev_line(char *p, struct name_ref_data *data)
 			forty = 0;
 
 			*(p+1) = 0;
-			if (!get_sha1(p - 39, sha1)) {
+			if (!get_oid(p - (GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ - 1), &oid)) {
 				struct object *o =
-					lookup_object(sha1);
+					lookup_object(the_repository,
+						      oid.hash);
 				if (o)
-					name = get_rev_name(o);
+					name = get_rev_name(o, &buf);
 			}
 			*(p+1) = c;
 
@@ -288,7 +390,7 @@ static void name_rev_line(char *p, struct name_ref_data *data)
 				continue;
 
 			if (data->name_only)
-				printf("%.*s%s", p_len - 40, p_start, name);
+				printf("%.*s%s", p_len - GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ, p_start, name);
 			else
 				printf("%.*s (%s)", p_len, p_start, name);
 			p_start = p + 1;
@@ -298,18 +400,22 @@ static void name_rev_line(char *p, struct name_ref_data *data)
 	/* flush */
 	if (p_start != p)
 		fwrite(p_start, p - p_start, 1, stdout);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
 int cmd_name_rev(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct object_array revs = OBJECT_ARRAY_INIT;
 	int all = 0, transform_stdin = 0, allow_undefined = 1, always = 0, peel_tag = 0;
-	struct name_ref_data data = { 0, 0, NULL };
+	struct name_ref_data data = { 0, 0, STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP, STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP };
 	struct option opts[] = {
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "name-only", &data.name_only, N_("print only names (no SHA-1)")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "tags", &data.tags_only, N_("only use tags to name the commits")),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "refs", &data.ref_filter, N_("pattern"),
+		OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "refs", &data.ref_filters, N_("pattern"),
 				   N_("only use refs matching <pattern>")),
+		OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "exclude", &data.exclude_filters, N_("pattern"),
+				   N_("ignore refs matching <pattern>")),
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "all", &all, N_("list all commits reachable from all refs")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "stdin", &transform_stdin, N_("read from stdin")),
@@ -325,6 +431,7 @@ int cmd_name_rev(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
+	init_commit_rev_name(&rev_names);
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, opts, name_rev_usage, 0);
 	if (all + transform_stdin + !!argc > 1) {
@@ -335,20 +442,21 @@ int cmd_name_rev(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		cutoff = 0;
 
 	for (; argc; argc--, argv++) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		struct object *object;
 		struct commit *commit;
 
-		if (get_sha1(*argv, sha1)) {
+		if (get_oid(*argv, &oid)) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Could not get sha1 for %s. Skipping.\n",
 					*argv);
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		commit = NULL;
-		object = parse_object(sha1);
+		object = parse_object(the_repository, &oid);
 		if (object) {
-			struct object *peeled = deref_tag(object, *argv, 0);
+			struct object *peeled = deref_tag(the_repository,
+							  object, *argv, 0);
 			if (peeled && peeled->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
 				commit = (struct commit *)peeled;
 		}
@@ -406,5 +514,6 @@ int cmd_name_rev(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				  always, allow_undefined, data.name_only);
 	}
 
+	UNLEAK(revs);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/notes.c b/builtin/notes.c
index 63f95fc554..c05cd004ab 100644
--- a/builtin/notes.c
+++ b/builtin/notes.c
@@ -8,17 +8,21 @@
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "notes.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "blob.h"
-#include "commit.h"
+#include "pretty.h"
 #include "refs.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "notes-merge.h"
 #include "notes-utils.h"
+#include "worktree.h"
 
 static const char * const git_notes_usage[] = {
 	N_("git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] [list [<object>]]"),
@@ -31,7 +35,7 @@ static const char * const git_notes_usage[] = {
 	N_("git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"),
 	N_("git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"),
 	N_("git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] remove [<object>...]"),
-	N_("git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] prune [-n | -v]"),
+	N_("git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] prune [-n] [-v]"),
 	N_("git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] get-ref"),
 	NULL
 };
@@ -90,7 +94,7 @@ static const char * const git_notes_get_ref_usage[] = {
 };
 
 static const char note_template[] =
-	"\nWrite/edit the notes for the following object:\n";
+	N_("Write/edit the notes for the following object:");
 
 struct note_data {
 	int given;
@@ -108,19 +112,19 @@ static void free_note_data(struct note_data *d)
 	strbuf_release(&d->buf);
 }
 
-static int list_each_note(const unsigned char *object_sha1,
-		const unsigned char *note_sha1, char *note_path,
+static int list_each_note(const struct object_id *object_oid,
+		const struct object_id *note_oid, char *note_path,
 		void *cb_data)
 {
-	printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(note_sha1), sha1_to_hex(object_sha1));
+	printf("%s %s\n", oid_to_hex(note_oid), oid_to_hex(object_oid));
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void copy_obj_to_fd(int fd, const unsigned char *sha1)
+static void copy_obj_to_fd(int fd, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
-	char *buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	char *buf = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
 	if (buf) {
 		if (size)
 			write_or_die(fd, buf, size);
@@ -128,10 +132,10 @@ static void copy_obj_to_fd(int fd, const unsigned char *sha1)
 	}
 }
 
-static void write_commented_object(int fd, const unsigned char *object)
+static void write_commented_object(int fd, const struct object_id *object)
 {
 	const char *show_args[5] =
-		{"show", "--stat", "--no-notes", sha1_to_hex(object), NULL};
+		{"show", "--stat", "--no-notes", oid_to_hex(object), NULL};
 	struct child_process show = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf cbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -144,7 +148,7 @@ static void write_commented_object(int fd, const unsigned char *object)
 	show.git_cmd = 1;
 	if (start_command(&show))
 		die(_("unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"),
-		    sha1_to_hex(object));
+		    oid_to_hex(object));
 
 	if (strbuf_read(&buf, show.out, 0) < 0)
 		die_errno(_("could not read 'show' output"));
@@ -156,11 +160,11 @@ static void write_commented_object(int fd, const unsigned char *object)
 
 	if (finish_command(&show))
 		die(_("failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"),
-		    sha1_to_hex(object));
+		    oid_to_hex(object));
 }
 
-static void prepare_note_data(const unsigned char *object, struct note_data *d,
-		const unsigned char *old_note)
+static void prepare_note_data(const struct object_id *object, struct note_data *d,
+		const struct object_id *old_note)
 {
 	if (d->use_editor || !d->given) {
 		int fd;
@@ -178,7 +182,8 @@ static void prepare_note_data(const unsigned char *object, struct note_data *d,
 			copy_obj_to_fd(fd, old_note);
 
 		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
-		strbuf_add_commented_lines(&buf, note_template, strlen(note_template));
+		strbuf_add_commented_lines(&buf, "\n", strlen("\n"));
+		strbuf_add_commented_lines(&buf, _(note_template), strlen(_(note_template)));
 		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
 		write_or_die(fd, buf.buf, buf.len);
 
@@ -189,18 +194,18 @@ static void prepare_note_data(const unsigned char *object, struct note_data *d,
 		strbuf_reset(&d->buf);
 
 		if (launch_editor(d->edit_path, &d->buf, NULL)) {
-			die(_("Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"));
+			die(_("please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"));
 		}
-		stripspace(&d->buf, 1);
+		strbuf_stripspace(&d->buf, 1);
 	}
 }
 
-static void write_note_data(struct note_data *d, unsigned char *sha1)
+static void write_note_data(struct note_data *d, struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	if (write_sha1_file(d->buf.buf, d->buf.len, blob_type, sha1)) {
+	if (write_object_file(d->buf.buf, d->buf.len, blob_type, oid)) {
 		error(_("unable to write note object"));
 		if (d->edit_path)
-			error(_("The note contents have been left in %s"),
+			error(_("the note contents have been left in %s"),
 				d->edit_path);
 		exit(128);
 	}
@@ -214,7 +219,7 @@ static int parse_msg_arg(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 	if (d->buf.len)
 		strbuf_addch(&d->buf, '\n');
 	strbuf_addstr(&d->buf, arg);
-	stripspace(&d->buf, 0);
+	strbuf_stripspace(&d->buf, 0);
 
 	d->given = 1;
 	return 0;
@@ -231,7 +236,7 @@ static int parse_file_arg(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 			die_errno(_("cannot read '%s'"), arg);
 	} else if (strbuf_read_file(&d->buf, arg, 1024) < 0)
 		die_errno(_("could not open or read '%s'"), arg);
-	stripspace(&d->buf, 0);
+	strbuf_stripspace(&d->buf, 0);
 
 	d->given = 1;
 	return 0;
@@ -241,22 +246,22 @@ static int parse_reuse_arg(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
 	struct note_data *d = opt->value;
 	char *buf;
-	unsigned char object[20];
+	struct object_id object;
 	enum object_type type;
 	unsigned long len;
 
 	if (d->buf.len)
 		strbuf_addch(&d->buf, '\n');
 
-	if (get_sha1(arg, object))
-		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), arg);
-	if (!(buf = read_sha1_file(object, &type, &len))) {
+	if (get_oid(arg, &object))
+		die(_("failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), arg);
+	if (!(buf = read_object_file(&object, &type, &len))) {
 		free(buf);
-		die(_("Failed to read object '%s'."), arg);
+		die(_("failed to read object '%s'."), arg);
 	}
 	if (type != OBJ_BLOB) {
 		free(buf);
-		die(_("Cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."), arg);
+		die(_("cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."), arg);
 	}
 	strbuf_add(&d->buf, buf, len);
 	free(buf);
@@ -285,33 +290,33 @@ static int notes_copy_from_stdin(int force, const char *rewrite_cmd)
 		if (!c)
 			return 0;
 	} else {
-		init_notes(NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
+		init_notes(NULL, NULL, NULL, NOTES_INIT_WRITABLE);
 		t = &default_notes_tree;
 	}
 
-	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
-		unsigned char from_obj[20], to_obj[20];
+	while (strbuf_getline_lf(&buf, stdin) != EOF) {
+		struct object_id from_obj, to_obj;
 		struct strbuf **split;
 		int err;
 
 		split = strbuf_split(&buf, ' ');
 		if (!split[0] || !split[1])
-			die(_("Malformed input line: '%s'."), buf.buf);
+			die(_("malformed input line: '%s'."), buf.buf);
 		strbuf_rtrim(split[0]);
 		strbuf_rtrim(split[1]);
-		if (get_sha1(split[0]->buf, from_obj))
-			die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), split[0]->buf);
-		if (get_sha1(split[1]->buf, to_obj))
-			die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), split[1]->buf);
+		if (get_oid(split[0]->buf, &from_obj))
+			die(_("failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), split[0]->buf);
+		if (get_oid(split[1]->buf, &to_obj))
+			die(_("failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), split[1]->buf);
 
 		if (rewrite_cmd)
-			err = copy_note_for_rewrite(c, from_obj, to_obj);
+			err = copy_note_for_rewrite(c, &from_obj, &to_obj);
 		else
-			err = copy_note(t, from_obj, to_obj, force,
+			err = copy_note(t, &from_obj, &to_obj, force,
 					combine_notes_overwrite);
 
 		if (err) {
-			error(_("Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"),
+			error(_("failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"),
 			      split[0]->buf, split[1]->buf);
 			ret = 1;
 		}
@@ -325,26 +330,34 @@ static int notes_copy_from_stdin(int force, const char *rewrite_cmd)
 	} else {
 		finish_copy_notes_for_rewrite(c, msg);
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static struct notes_tree *init_notes_check(const char *subcommand)
+static struct notes_tree *init_notes_check(const char *subcommand,
+					   int flags)
 {
 	struct notes_tree *t;
-	init_notes(NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
+	const char *ref;
+	init_notes(NULL, NULL, NULL, flags);
 	t = &default_notes_tree;
 
-	if (!starts_with(t->ref, "refs/notes/"))
-		die("Refusing to %s notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)",
-		    subcommand, t->ref);
+	ref = (flags & NOTES_INIT_WRITABLE) ? t->update_ref : t->ref;
+	if (!starts_with(ref, "refs/notes/"))
+		/*
+		 * TRANSLATORS: the first %s will be replaced by a git
+		 * notes command: 'add', 'merge', 'remove', etc.
+		 */
+		die(_("refusing to %s notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"),
+		    subcommand, ref);
 	return t;
 }
 
 static int list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct notes_tree *t;
-	unsigned char object[20];
-	const unsigned char *note;
+	struct object_id object;
+	const struct object_id *note;
 	int retval = -1;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_END()
@@ -359,17 +372,17 @@ static int list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		usage_with_options(git_notes_list_usage, options);
 	}
 
-	t = init_notes_check("list");
+	t = init_notes_check("list", 0);
 	if (argc) {
-		if (get_sha1(argv[0], object))
-			die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), argv[0]);
-		note = get_note(t, object);
+		if (get_oid(argv[0], &object))
+			die(_("failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), argv[0]);
+		note = get_note(t, &object);
 		if (note) {
-			puts(sha1_to_hex(note));
+			puts(oid_to_hex(note));
 			retval = 0;
 		} else
-			retval = error(_("No note found for object %s."),
-				       sha1_to_hex(object));
+			retval = error(_("no note found for object %s."),
+				       oid_to_hex(&object));
 	} else
 		retval = for_each_note(t, 0, list_each_note, NULL);
 
@@ -384,8 +397,8 @@ static int add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int force = 0, allow_empty = 0;
 	const char *object_ref;
 	struct notes_tree *t;
-	unsigned char object[20], new_note[20];
-	const unsigned char *note;
+	struct object_id object, new_note;
+	const struct object_id *note;
 	struct note_data d = { 0, 0, NULL, STRBUF_INIT };
 	struct option options[] = {
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'm', "message", &d, N_("message"),
@@ -402,7 +415,7 @@ static int add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			parse_reuse_arg},
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "allow-empty", &allow_empty,
 			N_("allow storing empty note")),
-		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("replace existing notes")),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("replace existing notes"), PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -416,11 +429,11 @@ static int add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	object_ref = argc > 1 ? argv[1] : "HEAD";
 
-	if (get_sha1(object_ref, object))
-		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), object_ref);
+	if (get_oid(object_ref, &object))
+		die(_("failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), object_ref);
 
-	t = init_notes_check("add");
-	note = get_note(t, object);
+	t = init_notes_check("add", NOTES_INIT_WRITABLE);
+	note = get_note(t, &object);
 
 	if (note) {
 		if (!force) {
@@ -430,7 +443,7 @@ static int add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				return error(_("Cannot add notes. "
 					"Found existing notes for object %s. "
 					"Use '-f' to overwrite existing notes"),
-					sha1_to_hex(object));
+					oid_to_hex(&object));
 			}
 			/*
 			 * Redirect to "edit" subcommand.
@@ -443,19 +456,19 @@ static int add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			return append_edit(argc, argv, prefix);
 		}
 		fprintf(stderr, _("Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"),
-			sha1_to_hex(object));
+			oid_to_hex(&object));
 	}
 
-	prepare_note_data(object, &d, note);
+	prepare_note_data(&object, &d, note);
 	if (d.buf.len || allow_empty) {
-		write_note_data(&d, new_note);
-		if (add_note(t, object, new_note, combine_notes_overwrite))
-			die("BUG: combine_notes_overwrite failed");
+		write_note_data(&d, &new_note);
+		if (add_note(t, &object, &new_note, combine_notes_overwrite))
+			BUG("combine_notes_overwrite failed");
 		commit_notes(t, "Notes added by 'git notes add'");
 	} else {
 		fprintf(stderr, _("Removing note for object %s\n"),
-			sha1_to_hex(object));
-		remove_note(t, object);
+			oid_to_hex(&object));
+		remove_note(t, object.hash);
 		commit_notes(t, "Notes removed by 'git notes add'");
 	}
 
@@ -467,13 +480,13 @@ static int add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 static int copy(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int retval = 0, force = 0, from_stdin = 0;
-	const unsigned char *from_note, *note;
+	const struct object_id *from_note, *note;
 	const char *object_ref;
-	unsigned char object[20], from_obj[20];
+	struct object_id object, from_obj;
 	struct notes_tree *t;
 	const char *rewrite_cmd = NULL;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("replace existing notes")),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("replace existing notes"), PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "stdin", &from_stdin, N_("read objects from stdin")),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "for-rewrite", &rewrite_cmd, N_("command"),
 			   N_("load rewriting config for <command> (implies "
@@ -502,38 +515,38 @@ static int copy(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		usage_with_options(git_notes_copy_usage, options);
 	}
 
-	if (get_sha1(argv[0], from_obj))
-		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), argv[0]);
+	if (get_oid(argv[0], &from_obj))
+		die(_("failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), argv[0]);
 
 	object_ref = 1 < argc ? argv[1] : "HEAD";
 
-	if (get_sha1(object_ref, object))
-		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), object_ref);
+	if (get_oid(object_ref, &object))
+		die(_("failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), object_ref);
 
-	t = init_notes_check("copy");
-	note = get_note(t, object);
+	t = init_notes_check("copy", NOTES_INIT_WRITABLE);
+	note = get_note(t, &object);
 
 	if (note) {
 		if (!force) {
 			retval = error(_("Cannot copy notes. Found existing "
 				       "notes for object %s. Use '-f' to "
 				       "overwrite existing notes"),
-				       sha1_to_hex(object));
+				       oid_to_hex(&object));
 			goto out;
 		}
 		fprintf(stderr, _("Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"),
-			sha1_to_hex(object));
+			oid_to_hex(&object));
 	}
 
-	from_note = get_note(t, from_obj);
+	from_note = get_note(t, &from_obj);
 	if (!from_note) {
-		retval = error(_("Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot "
-			       "copy."), sha1_to_hex(from_obj));
+		retval = error(_("missing notes on source object %s. Cannot "
+			       "copy."), oid_to_hex(&from_obj));
 		goto out;
 	}
 
-	if (add_note(t, object, from_note, combine_notes_overwrite))
-		die("BUG: combine_notes_overwrite failed");
+	if (add_note(t, &object, from_note, combine_notes_overwrite))
+		BUG("combine_notes_overwrite failed");
 	commit_notes(t, "Notes added by 'git notes copy'");
 out:
 	free_notes(t);
@@ -545,9 +558,9 @@ static int append_edit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int allow_empty = 0;
 	const char *object_ref;
 	struct notes_tree *t;
-	unsigned char object[20], new_note[20];
-	const unsigned char *note;
-	char logmsg[100];
+	struct object_id object, new_note;
+	const struct object_id *note;
+	char *logmsg;
 	const char * const *usage;
 	struct note_data d = { 0, 0, NULL, STRBUF_INIT };
 	struct option options[] = {
@@ -585,19 +598,19 @@ static int append_edit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	object_ref = 1 < argc ? argv[1] : "HEAD";
 
-	if (get_sha1(object_ref, object))
-		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), object_ref);
+	if (get_oid(object_ref, &object))
+		die(_("failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), object_ref);
 
-	t = init_notes_check(argv[0]);
-	note = get_note(t, object);
+	t = init_notes_check(argv[0], NOTES_INIT_WRITABLE);
+	note = get_note(t, &object);
 
-	prepare_note_data(object, &d, edit ? note : NULL);
+	prepare_note_data(&object, &d, edit && note ? note : NULL);
 
 	if (note && !edit) {
 		/* Append buf to previous note contents */
 		unsigned long size;
 		enum object_type type;
-		char *prev_buf = read_sha1_file(note, &type, &size);
+		char *prev_buf = read_object_file(note, &type, &size);
 
 		strbuf_grow(&d.buf, size + 1);
 		if (d.buf.len && prev_buf && size)
@@ -608,20 +621,19 @@ static int append_edit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (d.buf.len || allow_empty) {
-		write_note_data(&d, new_note);
-		if (add_note(t, object, new_note, combine_notes_overwrite))
-			die("BUG: combine_notes_overwrite failed");
-		snprintf(logmsg, sizeof(logmsg), "Notes added by 'git notes %s'",
-			argv[0]);
+		write_note_data(&d, &new_note);
+		if (add_note(t, &object, &new_note, combine_notes_overwrite))
+			BUG("combine_notes_overwrite failed");
+		logmsg = xstrfmt("Notes added by 'git notes %s'", argv[0]);
 	} else {
 		fprintf(stderr, _("Removing note for object %s\n"),
-			sha1_to_hex(object));
-		remove_note(t, object);
-		snprintf(logmsg, sizeof(logmsg), "Notes removed by 'git notes %s'",
-			argv[0]);
+			oid_to_hex(&object));
+		remove_note(t, object.hash);
+		logmsg = xstrfmt("Notes removed by 'git notes %s'", argv[0]);
 	}
 	commit_notes(t, logmsg);
 
+	free(logmsg);
 	free_note_data(&d);
 	free_notes(t);
 	return 0;
@@ -631,8 +643,8 @@ static int show(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	const char *object_ref;
 	struct notes_tree *t;
-	unsigned char object[20];
-	const unsigned char *note;
+	struct object_id object;
+	const struct object_id *note;
 	int retval;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_END()
@@ -648,17 +660,17 @@ static int show(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	object_ref = argc ? argv[0] : "HEAD";
 
-	if (get_sha1(object_ref, object))
-		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), object_ref);
+	if (get_oid(object_ref, &object))
+		die(_("failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), object_ref);
 
-	t = init_notes_check("show");
-	note = get_note(t, object);
+	t = init_notes_check("show", 0);
+	note = get_note(t, &object);
 
 	if (!note)
-		retval = error(_("No note found for object %s."),
-			       sha1_to_hex(object));
+		retval = error(_("no note found for object %s."),
+			       oid_to_hex(&object));
 	else {
-		const char *show_args[3] = {"show", sha1_to_hex(note), NULL};
+		const char *show_args[3] = {"show", oid_to_hex(note), NULL};
 		retval = execv_git_cmd(show_args);
 	}
 	free_notes(t);
@@ -674,19 +686,19 @@ static int merge_abort(struct notes_merge_options *o)
 	 * notes_merge_abort() to remove .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE.
 	 */
 
-	if (delete_ref("NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL", NULL, 0))
-		ret += error("Failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL");
-	if (delete_ref("NOTES_MERGE_REF", NULL, REF_NODEREF))
-		ret += error("Failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_REF");
+	if (delete_ref(NULL, "NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL", NULL, 0))
+		ret += error(_("failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"));
+	if (delete_ref(NULL, "NOTES_MERGE_REF", NULL, REF_NO_DEREF))
+		ret += error(_("failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_REF"));
 	if (notes_merge_abort(o))
-		ret += error("Failed to remove 'git notes merge' worktree");
+		ret += error(_("failed to remove 'git notes merge' worktree"));
 	return ret;
 }
 
 static int merge_commit(struct notes_merge_options *o)
 {
 	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
-	unsigned char sha1[20], parent_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid, parent_oid;
 	struct notes_tree *t;
 	struct commit *partial;
 	struct pretty_print_context pretty_ctx;
@@ -698,36 +710,36 @@ static int merge_commit(struct notes_merge_options *o)
 	 * and target notes ref from .git/NOTES_MERGE_REF.
 	 */
 
-	if (get_sha1("NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL", sha1))
-		die("Failed to read ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL");
-	else if (!(partial = lookup_commit_reference(sha1)))
-		die("Could not find commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL.");
+	if (get_oid("NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL", &oid))
+		die(_("failed to read ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"));
+	else if (!(partial = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &oid)))
+		die(_("could not find commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."));
 	else if (parse_commit(partial))
-		die("Could not parse commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL.");
+		die(_("could not parse commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."));
 
 	if (partial->parents)
-		hashcpy(parent_sha1, partial->parents->item->object.sha1);
+		oidcpy(&parent_oid, &partial->parents->item->object.oid);
 	else
-		hashclr(parent_sha1);
+		oidclr(&parent_oid);
 
 	t = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct notes_tree));
 	init_notes(t, "NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL", combine_notes_overwrite, 0);
 
 	o->local_ref = local_ref_to_free =
-		resolve_refdup("NOTES_MERGE_REF", 0, sha1, NULL);
+		resolve_refdup("NOTES_MERGE_REF", 0, &oid, NULL);
 	if (!o->local_ref)
-		die("Failed to resolve NOTES_MERGE_REF");
+		die(_("failed to resolve NOTES_MERGE_REF"));
 
-	if (notes_merge_commit(o, t, partial, sha1))
-		die("Failed to finalize notes merge");
+	if (notes_merge_commit(o, t, partial, &oid))
+		die(_("failed to finalize notes merge"));
 
 	/* Reuse existing commit message in reflog message */
 	memset(&pretty_ctx, 0, sizeof(pretty_ctx));
 	format_commit_message(partial, "%s", &msg, &pretty_ctx);
 	strbuf_trim(&msg);
 	strbuf_insert(&msg, 0, "notes: ", 7);
-	update_ref(msg.buf, o->local_ref, sha1,
-		   is_null_sha1(parent_sha1) ? NULL : parent_sha1,
+	update_ref(msg.buf, o->local_ref, &oid,
+		   is_null_oid(&parent_oid) ? NULL : &parent_oid,
 		   0, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
 
 	free_notes(t);
@@ -737,10 +749,24 @@ static int merge_commit(struct notes_merge_options *o)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static int git_config_get_notes_strategy(const char *key,
+					 enum notes_merge_strategy *strategy)
+{
+	char *value;
+
+	if (git_config_get_string(key, &value))
+		return 1;
+	if (parse_notes_merge_strategy(value, strategy))
+		git_die_config(key, _("unknown notes merge strategy %s"), value);
+
+	free(value);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct strbuf remote_ref = STRBUF_INIT, msg = STRBUF_INIT;
-	unsigned char result_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id result_oid;
 	struct notes_tree *t;
 	struct notes_merge_options o;
 	int do_merge = 0, do_commit = 0, do_abort = 0;
@@ -754,13 +780,13 @@ static int merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			   N_("resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy "
 			      "(manual/ours/theirs/union/cat_sort_uniq)")),
 		OPT_GROUP(N_("Committing unmerged notes")),
-		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "commit", &do_commit, NULL,
-			N_("finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"),
-			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, 1},
+		OPT_SET_INT_F(0, "commit", &do_commit,
+			      N_("finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"),
+			      1, PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
 		OPT_GROUP(N_("Aborting notes merge resolution")),
-		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "abort", &do_abort, NULL,
-			N_("abort notes merge"),
-			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, 1},
+		OPT_SET_INT_F(0, "abort", &do_abort,
+			      N_("abort notes merge"),
+			      1, PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -770,15 +796,15 @@ static int merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (strategy || do_commit + do_abort == 0)
 		do_merge = 1;
 	if (do_merge + do_commit + do_abort != 1) {
-		error("cannot mix --commit, --abort or -s/--strategy");
+		error(_("cannot mix --commit, --abort or -s/--strategy"));
 		usage_with_options(git_notes_merge_usage, options);
 	}
 
 	if (do_merge && argc != 1) {
-		error("Must specify a notes ref to merge");
+		error(_("must specify a notes ref to merge"));
 		usage_with_options(git_notes_merge_usage, options);
 	} else if (!do_merge && argc) {
-		error("too many parameters");
+		error(_("too many parameters"));
 		usage_with_options(git_notes_merge_usage, options);
 	}
 
@@ -792,50 +818,59 @@ static int merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	o.local_ref = default_notes_ref();
 	strbuf_addstr(&remote_ref, argv[0]);
-	expand_notes_ref(&remote_ref);
+	expand_loose_notes_ref(&remote_ref);
 	o.remote_ref = remote_ref.buf;
 
+	t = init_notes_check("merge", NOTES_INIT_WRITABLE);
+
 	if (strategy) {
-		if (!strcmp(strategy, "manual"))
-			o.strategy = NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_MANUAL;
-		else if (!strcmp(strategy, "ours"))
-			o.strategy = NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_OURS;
-		else if (!strcmp(strategy, "theirs"))
-			o.strategy = NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_THEIRS;
-		else if (!strcmp(strategy, "union"))
-			o.strategy = NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_UNION;
-		else if (!strcmp(strategy, "cat_sort_uniq"))
-			o.strategy = NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_CAT_SORT_UNIQ;
-		else {
-			error("Unknown -s/--strategy: %s", strategy);
+		if (parse_notes_merge_strategy(strategy, &o.strategy)) {
+			error(_("unknown -s/--strategy: %s"), strategy);
 			usage_with_options(git_notes_merge_usage, options);
 		}
-	}
+	} else {
+		struct strbuf merge_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+		const char *short_ref = NULL;
+
+		if (!skip_prefix(o.local_ref, "refs/notes/", &short_ref))
+			BUG("local ref %s is outside of refs/notes/",
+			    o.local_ref);
+
+		strbuf_addf(&merge_key, "notes.%s.mergeStrategy", short_ref);
 
-	t = init_notes_check("merge");
+		if (git_config_get_notes_strategy(merge_key.buf, &o.strategy))
+			git_config_get_notes_strategy("notes.mergeStrategy", &o.strategy);
+
+		strbuf_release(&merge_key);
+	}
 
 	strbuf_addf(&msg, "notes: Merged notes from %s into %s",
 		    remote_ref.buf, default_notes_ref());
 	strbuf_add(&(o.commit_msg), msg.buf + 7, msg.len - 7); /* skip "notes: " */
 
-	result = notes_merge(&o, t, result_sha1);
+	result = notes_merge(&o, t, &result_oid);
 
-	if (result >= 0) /* Merge resulted (trivially) in result_sha1 */
+	if (result >= 0) /* Merge resulted (trivially) in result_oid */
 		/* Update default notes ref with new commit */
-		update_ref(msg.buf, default_notes_ref(), result_sha1, NULL,
-			   0, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
+		update_ref(msg.buf, default_notes_ref(), &result_oid, NULL, 0,
+			   UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
 	else { /* Merge has unresolved conflicts */
+		const struct worktree *wt;
 		/* Update .git/NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL with partial merge result */
-		update_ref(msg.buf, "NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL", result_sha1, NULL,
+		update_ref(msg.buf, "NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL", &result_oid, NULL,
 			   0, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
 		/* Store ref-to-be-updated into .git/NOTES_MERGE_REF */
+		wt = find_shared_symref("NOTES_MERGE_REF", default_notes_ref());
+		if (wt)
+			die(_("a notes merge into %s is already in-progress at %s"),
+			    default_notes_ref(), wt->path);
 		if (create_symref("NOTES_MERGE_REF", default_notes_ref(), NULL))
-			die("Failed to store link to current notes ref (%s)",
+			die(_("failed to store link to current notes ref (%s)"),
 			    default_notes_ref());
-		printf("Automatic notes merge failed. Fix conflicts in %s and "
-		       "commit the result with 'git notes merge --commit', or "
-		       "abort the merge with 'git notes merge --abort'.\n",
-		       git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE));
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Automatic notes merge failed. Fix conflicts in %s "
+				  "and commit the result with 'git notes merge --commit', "
+				  "or abort the merge with 'git notes merge --abort'.\n"),
+			git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE));
 	}
 
 	free_notes(t);
@@ -849,10 +884,10 @@ static int merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 static int remove_one_note(struct notes_tree *t, const char *name, unsigned flag)
 {
 	int status;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	if (get_sha1(name, sha1))
+	struct object_id oid;
+	if (get_oid(name, &oid))
 		return error(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), name);
-	status = remove_note(t, sha1);
+	status = remove_note(t, oid.hash);
 	if (status)
 		fprintf(stderr, _("Object %s has no note\n"), name);
 	else
@@ -878,7 +913,7 @@ static int remove_cmd(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options,
 			     git_notes_remove_usage, 0);
 
-	t = init_notes_check("remove");
+	t = init_notes_check("remove", NOTES_INIT_WRITABLE);
 
 	if (!argc && !from_stdin) {
 		retval = remove_one_note(t, "HEAD", flag);
@@ -907,8 +942,8 @@ static int prune(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct notes_tree *t;
 	int show_only = 0, verbose = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, "do not remove, show only"),
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "report pruned notes"),
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, N_("do not remove, show only")),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("report pruned notes")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -920,7 +955,7 @@ static int prune(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		usage_with_options(git_notes_prune_usage, options);
 	}
 
-	t = init_notes_check("prune");
+	t = init_notes_check("prune", NOTES_INIT_WRITABLE);
 
 	prune_notes(t, (verbose ? NOTES_PRUNE_VERBOSE : 0) |
 		(show_only ? NOTES_PRUNE_VERBOSE|NOTES_PRUNE_DRYRUN : 0) );
@@ -937,7 +972,7 @@ static int get_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			     git_notes_get_ref_usage, 0);
 
 	if (argc) {
-		error("too many parameters");
+		error(_("too many parameters"));
 		usage_with_options(git_notes_get_ref_usage, options);
 	}
 
@@ -986,7 +1021,7 @@ int cmd_notes(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "get-ref"))
 		result = get_ref(argc, argv, prefix);
 	else {
-		result = error(_("Unknown subcommand: %s"), argv[0]);
+		result = error(_("unknown subcommand: %s"), argv[0]);
 		usage_with_options(git_notes_usage, options);
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin/pack-objects.c b/builtin/pack-objects.c
index c3a75166bd..d1144a8f7e 100644
--- a/builtin/pack-objects.c
+++ b/builtin/pack-objects.c
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "attr.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "blob.h"
@@ -14,6 +16,8 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "list-objects.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"
 #include "pack-objects.h"
 #include "progress.h"
 #include "refs.h"
@@ -23,10 +27,26 @@
 #include "reachable.h"
 #include "sha1-array.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
+#include "list.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+
+#define IN_PACK(obj) oe_in_pack(&to_pack, obj)
+#define SIZE(obj) oe_size(&to_pack, obj)
+#define SET_SIZE(obj,size) oe_set_size(&to_pack, obj, size)
+#define DELTA_SIZE(obj) oe_delta_size(&to_pack, obj)
+#define DELTA(obj) oe_delta(&to_pack, obj)
+#define DELTA_CHILD(obj) oe_delta_child(&to_pack, obj)
+#define DELTA_SIBLING(obj) oe_delta_sibling(&to_pack, obj)
+#define SET_DELTA(obj, val) oe_set_delta(&to_pack, obj, val)
+#define SET_DELTA_SIZE(obj, val) oe_set_delta_size(&to_pack, obj, val)
+#define SET_DELTA_CHILD(obj, val) oe_set_delta_child(&to_pack, obj, val)
+#define SET_DELTA_SIBLING(obj, val) oe_set_delta_sibling(&to_pack, obj, val)
 
 static const char *pack_usage[] = {
-	N_("git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< ref-list | < object-list]"),
-	N_("git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< ref-list | < object-list]"),
+	N_("git pack-objects --stdout [<options>...] [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"),
+	N_("git pack-objects [<options>...] <base-name> [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -38,15 +58,18 @@ static const char *pack_usage[] = {
 static struct packing_data to_pack;
 
 static struct pack_idx_entry **written_list;
-static uint32_t nr_result, nr_written;
+static uint32_t nr_result, nr_written, nr_seen;
 
 static int non_empty;
 static int reuse_delta = 1, reuse_object = 1;
 static int keep_unreachable, unpack_unreachable, include_tag;
-static unsigned long unpack_unreachable_expiration;
+static timestamp_t unpack_unreachable_expiration;
+static int pack_loose_unreachable;
 static int local;
+static int have_non_local_packs;
 static int incremental;
-static int ignore_packed_keep;
+static int ignore_packed_keep_on_disk;
+static int ignore_packed_keep_in_core;
 static int allow_ofs_delta;
 static struct pack_idx_option pack_idx_opts;
 static const char *base_name;
@@ -58,23 +81,34 @@ static int delta_search_threads;
 static int pack_to_stdout;
 static int num_preferred_base;
 static struct progress *progress_state;
-static int pack_compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
-static int pack_compression_seen;
 
 static struct packed_git *reuse_packfile;
 static uint32_t reuse_packfile_objects;
 static off_t reuse_packfile_offset;
 
-static int use_bitmap_index = 1;
+static int use_bitmap_index_default = 1;
+static int use_bitmap_index = -1;
 static int write_bitmap_index;
 static uint16_t write_bitmap_options;
 
+static int exclude_promisor_objects;
+
 static unsigned long delta_cache_size = 0;
-static unsigned long max_delta_cache_size = 256 * 1024 * 1024;
+static unsigned long max_delta_cache_size = DEFAULT_DELTA_CACHE_SIZE;
 static unsigned long cache_max_small_delta_size = 1000;
 
 static unsigned long window_memory_limit = 0;
 
+static struct list_objects_filter_options filter_options;
+
+enum missing_action {
+	MA_ERROR = 0,      /* fail if any missing objects are encountered */
+	MA_ALLOW_ANY,      /* silently allow ALL missing objects */
+	MA_ALLOW_PROMISOR, /* silently allow all missing PROMISOR objects */
+};
+static enum missing_action arg_missing_action;
+static show_object_fn fn_show_object;
+
 /*
  * stats
  */
@@ -104,16 +138,23 @@ static void *get_delta(struct object_entry *entry)
 	void *buf, *base_buf, *delta_buf;
 	enum object_type type;
 
-	buf = read_sha1_file(entry->idx.sha1, &type, &size);
+	buf = read_object_file(&entry->idx.oid, &type, &size);
 	if (!buf)
-		die("unable to read %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
-	base_buf = read_sha1_file(entry->delta->idx.sha1, &type, &base_size);
+		die(_("unable to read %s"), oid_to_hex(&entry->idx.oid));
+	base_buf = read_object_file(&DELTA(entry)->idx.oid, &type,
+				    &base_size);
 	if (!base_buf)
-		die("unable to read %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->delta->idx.sha1));
+		die("unable to read %s",
+		    oid_to_hex(&DELTA(entry)->idx.oid));
 	delta_buf = diff_delta(base_buf, base_size,
 			       buf, size, &delta_size, 0);
-	if (!delta_buf || delta_size != entry->delta_size)
-		die("delta size changed");
+	/*
+	 * We succesfully computed this delta once but dropped it for
+	 * memory reasons. Something is very wrong if this time we
+	 * recompute and create a different delta.
+	 */
+	if (!delta_buf || delta_size != DELTA_SIZE(entry))
+		BUG("delta size changed");
 	free(buf);
 	free(base_buf);
 	return delta_buf;
@@ -144,8 +185,8 @@ static unsigned long do_compress(void **pptr, unsigned long size)
 	return stream.total_out;
 }
 
-static unsigned long write_large_blob_data(struct git_istream *st, struct sha1file *f,
-					   const unsigned char *sha1)
+static unsigned long write_large_blob_data(struct git_istream *st, struct hashfile *f,
+					   const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	git_zstream stream;
 	unsigned char ibuf[1024 * 16];
@@ -159,7 +200,7 @@ static unsigned long write_large_blob_data(struct git_istream *st, struct sha1fi
 		int zret = Z_OK;
 		readlen = read_istream(st, ibuf, sizeof(ibuf));
 		if (readlen == -1)
-			die(_("unable to read %s"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die(_("unable to read %s"), oid_to_hex(oid));
 
 		stream.next_in = ibuf;
 		stream.avail_in = readlen;
@@ -168,7 +209,7 @@ static unsigned long write_large_blob_data(struct git_istream *st, struct sha1fi
 			stream.next_out = obuf;
 			stream.avail_out = sizeof(obuf);
 			zret = git_deflate(&stream, readlen ? 0 : Z_FINISH);
-			sha1write(f, obuf, stream.next_out - obuf);
+			hashwrite(f, obuf, stream.next_out - obuf);
 			olen += stream.next_out - obuf;
 		}
 		if (stream.avail_in)
@@ -213,7 +254,7 @@ static int check_pack_inflate(struct packed_git *p,
 		stream.total_in == len) ? 0 : -1;
 }
 
-static void copy_pack_data(struct sha1file *f,
+static void copy_pack_data(struct hashfile *f,
 		struct packed_git *p,
 		struct pack_window **w_curs,
 		off_t offset,
@@ -226,50 +267,52 @@ static void copy_pack_data(struct sha1file *f,
 		in = use_pack(p, w_curs, offset, &avail);
 		if (avail > len)
 			avail = (unsigned long)len;
-		sha1write(f, in, avail);
+		hashwrite(f, in, avail);
 		offset += avail;
 		len -= avail;
 	}
 }
 
 /* Return 0 if we will bust the pack-size limit */
-static unsigned long write_no_reuse_object(struct sha1file *f, struct object_entry *entry,
+static unsigned long write_no_reuse_object(struct hashfile *f, struct object_entry *entry,
 					   unsigned long limit, int usable_delta)
 {
 	unsigned long size, datalen;
-	unsigned char header[10], dheader[10];
+	unsigned char header[MAX_PACK_OBJECT_HEADER],
+		      dheader[MAX_PACK_OBJECT_HEADER];
 	unsigned hdrlen;
 	enum object_type type;
 	void *buf;
 	struct git_istream *st = NULL;
+	const unsigned hashsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
 
 	if (!usable_delta) {
-		if (entry->type == OBJ_BLOB &&
-		    entry->size > big_file_threshold &&
-		    (st = open_istream(entry->idx.sha1, &type, &size, NULL)) != NULL)
+		if (oe_type(entry) == OBJ_BLOB &&
+		    oe_size_greater_than(&to_pack, entry, big_file_threshold) &&
+		    (st = open_istream(&entry->idx.oid, &type, &size, NULL)) != NULL)
 			buf = NULL;
 		else {
-			buf = read_sha1_file(entry->idx.sha1, &type, &size);
+			buf = read_object_file(&entry->idx.oid, &type, &size);
 			if (!buf)
-				die(_("unable to read %s"), sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+				die(_("unable to read %s"),
+				    oid_to_hex(&entry->idx.oid));
 		}
 		/*
 		 * make sure no cached delta data remains from a
 		 * previous attempt before a pack split occurred.
 		 */
-		free(entry->delta_data);
-		entry->delta_data = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(entry->delta_data);
 		entry->z_delta_size = 0;
 	} else if (entry->delta_data) {
-		size = entry->delta_size;
+		size = DELTA_SIZE(entry);
 		buf = entry->delta_data;
 		entry->delta_data = NULL;
-		type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->idx.offset) ?
+		type = (allow_ofs_delta && DELTA(entry)->idx.offset) ?
 			OBJ_OFS_DELTA : OBJ_REF_DELTA;
 	} else {
 		buf = get_delta(entry);
-		size = entry->delta_size;
-		type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->idx.offset) ?
+		size = DELTA_SIZE(entry);
+		type = (allow_ofs_delta && DELTA(entry)->idx.offset) ?
 			OBJ_OFS_DELTA : OBJ_REF_DELTA;
 	}
 
@@ -284,7 +327,8 @@ static unsigned long write_no_reuse_object(struct sha1file *f, struct object_ent
 	 * The object header is a byte of 'type' followed by zero or
 	 * more bytes of length.
 	 */
-	hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(type, size, header);
+	hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(header, sizeof(header),
+					      type, size);
 
 	if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
 		/*
@@ -292,48 +336,48 @@ static unsigned long write_no_reuse_object(struct sha1file *f, struct object_ent
 		 * encoding of the relative offset for the delta
 		 * base from this object's position in the pack.
 		 */
-		off_t ofs = entry->idx.offset - entry->delta->idx.offset;
+		off_t ofs = entry->idx.offset - DELTA(entry)->idx.offset;
 		unsigned pos = sizeof(dheader) - 1;
 		dheader[pos] = ofs & 127;
 		while (ofs >>= 7)
 			dheader[--pos] = 128 | (--ofs & 127);
-		if (limit && hdrlen + sizeof(dheader) - pos + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+		if (limit && hdrlen + sizeof(dheader) - pos + datalen + hashsz >= limit) {
 			if (st)
 				close_istream(st);
 			free(buf);
 			return 0;
 		}
-		sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
-		sha1write(f, dheader + pos, sizeof(dheader) - pos);
+		hashwrite(f, header, hdrlen);
+		hashwrite(f, dheader + pos, sizeof(dheader) - pos);
 		hdrlen += sizeof(dheader) - pos;
 	} else if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
 		/*
 		 * Deltas with a base reference contain
-		 * an additional 20 bytes for the base sha1.
+		 * additional bytes for the base object ID.
 		 */
-		if (limit && hdrlen + 20 + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+		if (limit && hdrlen + hashsz + datalen + hashsz >= limit) {
 			if (st)
 				close_istream(st);
 			free(buf);
 			return 0;
 		}
-		sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
-		sha1write(f, entry->delta->idx.sha1, 20);
-		hdrlen += 20;
+		hashwrite(f, header, hdrlen);
+		hashwrite(f, DELTA(entry)->idx.oid.hash, hashsz);
+		hdrlen += hashsz;
 	} else {
-		if (limit && hdrlen + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+		if (limit && hdrlen + datalen + hashsz >= limit) {
 			if (st)
 				close_istream(st);
 			free(buf);
 			return 0;
 		}
-		sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
+		hashwrite(f, header, hdrlen);
 	}
 	if (st) {
-		datalen = write_large_blob_data(st, f, entry->idx.sha1);
+		datalen = write_large_blob_data(st, f, &entry->idx.oid);
 		close_istream(st);
 	} else {
-		sha1write(f, buf, datalen);
+		hashwrite(f, buf, datalen);
 		free(buf);
 	}
 
@@ -341,29 +385,34 @@ static unsigned long write_no_reuse_object(struct sha1file *f, struct object_ent
 }
 
 /* Return 0 if we will bust the pack-size limit */
-static unsigned long write_reuse_object(struct sha1file *f, struct object_entry *entry,
-					unsigned long limit, int usable_delta)
+static off_t write_reuse_object(struct hashfile *f, struct object_entry *entry,
+				unsigned long limit, int usable_delta)
 {
-	struct packed_git *p = entry->in_pack;
+	struct packed_git *p = IN_PACK(entry);
 	struct pack_window *w_curs = NULL;
 	struct revindex_entry *revidx;
 	off_t offset;
-	enum object_type type = entry->type;
-	unsigned long datalen;
-	unsigned char header[10], dheader[10];
+	enum object_type type = oe_type(entry);
+	off_t datalen;
+	unsigned char header[MAX_PACK_OBJECT_HEADER],
+		      dheader[MAX_PACK_OBJECT_HEADER];
 	unsigned hdrlen;
+	const unsigned hashsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
+	unsigned long entry_size = SIZE(entry);
 
-	if (entry->delta)
-		type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->idx.offset) ?
+	if (DELTA(entry))
+		type = (allow_ofs_delta && DELTA(entry)->idx.offset) ?
 			OBJ_OFS_DELTA : OBJ_REF_DELTA;
-	hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(type, entry->size, header);
+	hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(header, sizeof(header),
+					      type, entry_size);
 
 	offset = entry->in_pack_offset;
 	revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, offset);
 	datalen = revidx[1].offset - offset;
 	if (!pack_to_stdout && p->index_version > 1 &&
 	    check_pack_crc(p, &w_curs, offset, datalen, revidx->nr)) {
-		error("bad packed object CRC for %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+		error(_("bad packed object CRC for %s"),
+		      oid_to_hex(&entry->idx.oid));
 		unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 		return write_no_reuse_object(f, entry, limit, usable_delta);
 	}
@@ -372,41 +421,42 @@ static unsigned long write_reuse_object(struct sha1file *f, struct object_entry
 	datalen -= entry->in_pack_header_size;
 
 	if (!pack_to_stdout && p->index_version == 1 &&
-	    check_pack_inflate(p, &w_curs, offset, datalen, entry->size)) {
-		error("corrupt packed object for %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+	    check_pack_inflate(p, &w_curs, offset, datalen, entry_size)) {
+		error(_("corrupt packed object for %s"),
+		      oid_to_hex(&entry->idx.oid));
 		unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 		return write_no_reuse_object(f, entry, limit, usable_delta);
 	}
 
 	if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
-		off_t ofs = entry->idx.offset - entry->delta->idx.offset;
+		off_t ofs = entry->idx.offset - DELTA(entry)->idx.offset;
 		unsigned pos = sizeof(dheader) - 1;
 		dheader[pos] = ofs & 127;
 		while (ofs >>= 7)
 			dheader[--pos] = 128 | (--ofs & 127);
-		if (limit && hdrlen + sizeof(dheader) - pos + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+		if (limit && hdrlen + sizeof(dheader) - pos + datalen + hashsz >= limit) {
 			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 			return 0;
 		}
-		sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
-		sha1write(f, dheader + pos, sizeof(dheader) - pos);
+		hashwrite(f, header, hdrlen);
+		hashwrite(f, dheader + pos, sizeof(dheader) - pos);
 		hdrlen += sizeof(dheader) - pos;
 		reused_delta++;
 	} else if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
-		if (limit && hdrlen + 20 + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+		if (limit && hdrlen + hashsz + datalen + hashsz >= limit) {
 			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 			return 0;
 		}
-		sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
-		sha1write(f, entry->delta->idx.sha1, 20);
-		hdrlen += 20;
+		hashwrite(f, header, hdrlen);
+		hashwrite(f, DELTA(entry)->idx.oid.hash, hashsz);
+		hdrlen += hashsz;
 		reused_delta++;
 	} else {
-		if (limit && hdrlen + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+		if (limit && hdrlen + datalen + hashsz >= limit) {
 			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 			return 0;
 		}
-		sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
+		hashwrite(f, header, hdrlen);
 	}
 	copy_pack_data(f, p, &w_curs, offset, datalen);
 	unuse_pack(&w_curs);
@@ -415,11 +465,12 @@ static unsigned long write_reuse_object(struct sha1file *f, struct object_entry
 }
 
 /* Return 0 if we will bust the pack-size limit */
-static unsigned long write_object(struct sha1file *f,
-				  struct object_entry *entry,
-				  off_t write_offset)
+static off_t write_object(struct hashfile *f,
+			  struct object_entry *entry,
+			  off_t write_offset)
 {
-	unsigned long limit, len;
+	unsigned long limit;
+	off_t len;
 	int usable_delta, to_reuse;
 
 	if (!pack_to_stdout)
@@ -437,28 +488,29 @@ static unsigned long write_object(struct sha1file *f,
 	else
 		limit = pack_size_limit - write_offset;
 
-	if (!entry->delta)
+	if (!DELTA(entry))
 		usable_delta = 0;	/* no delta */
 	else if (!pack_size_limit)
 	       usable_delta = 1;	/* unlimited packfile */
-	else if (entry->delta->idx.offset == (off_t)-1)
+	else if (DELTA(entry)->idx.offset == (off_t)-1)
 		usable_delta = 0;	/* base was written to another pack */
-	else if (entry->delta->idx.offset)
+	else if (DELTA(entry)->idx.offset)
 		usable_delta = 1;	/* base already exists in this pack */
 	else
 		usable_delta = 0;	/* base could end up in another pack */
 
 	if (!reuse_object)
 		to_reuse = 0;	/* explicit */
-	else if (!entry->in_pack)
+	else if (!IN_PACK(entry))
 		to_reuse = 0;	/* can't reuse what we don't have */
-	else if (entry->type == OBJ_REF_DELTA || entry->type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
+	else if (oe_type(entry) == OBJ_REF_DELTA ||
+		 oe_type(entry) == OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
 				/* check_object() decided it for us ... */
 		to_reuse = usable_delta;
 				/* ... but pack split may override that */
-	else if (entry->type != entry->in_pack_type)
+	else if (oe_type(entry) != entry->in_pack_type)
 		to_reuse = 0;	/* pack has delta which is unusable */
-	else if (entry->delta)
+	else if (DELTA(entry))
 		to_reuse = 0;	/* we want to pack afresh */
 	else
 		to_reuse = 1;	/* we have it in-pack undeltified,
@@ -487,11 +539,11 @@ enum write_one_status {
 	WRITE_ONE_RECURSIVE = 2 /* already scheduled to be written */
 };
 
-static enum write_one_status write_one(struct sha1file *f,
+static enum write_one_status write_one(struct hashfile *f,
 				       struct object_entry *e,
 				       off_t *offset)
 {
-	unsigned long size;
+	off_t size;
 	int recursing;
 
 	/*
@@ -501,8 +553,8 @@ static enum write_one_status write_one(struct sha1file *f,
 	 */
 	recursing = (e->idx.offset == 1);
 	if (recursing) {
-		warning("recursive delta detected for object %s",
-			sha1_to_hex(e->idx.sha1));
+		warning(_("recursive delta detected for object %s"),
+			oid_to_hex(&e->idx.oid));
 		return WRITE_ONE_RECURSIVE;
 	} else if (e->idx.offset || e->preferred_base) {
 		/* offset is non zero if object is written already. */
@@ -510,12 +562,12 @@ static enum write_one_status write_one(struct sha1file *f,
 	}
 
 	/* if we are deltified, write out base object first. */
-	if (e->delta) {
+	if (DELTA(e)) {
 		e->idx.offset = 1; /* now recurse */
-		switch (write_one(f, e->delta, offset)) {
+		switch (write_one(f, DELTA(e), offset)) {
 		case WRITE_ONE_RECURSIVE:
 			/* we cannot depend on this one */
-			e->delta = NULL;
+			SET_DELTA(e, NULL);
 			break;
 		default:
 			break;
@@ -535,21 +587,21 @@ static enum write_one_status write_one(struct sha1file *f,
 
 	/* make sure off_t is sufficiently large not to wrap */
 	if (signed_add_overflows(*offset, size))
-		die("pack too large for current definition of off_t");
+		die(_("pack too large for current definition of off_t"));
 	*offset += size;
 	return WRITE_ONE_WRITTEN;
 }
 
-static int mark_tagged(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag,
+static int mark_tagged(const char *path, const struct object_id *oid, int flag,
 		       void *cb_data)
 {
-	unsigned char peeled[20];
-	struct object_entry *entry = packlist_find(&to_pack, sha1, NULL);
+	struct object_id peeled;
+	struct object_entry *entry = packlist_find(&to_pack, oid->hash, NULL);
 
 	if (entry)
 		entry->tagged = 1;
-	if (!peel_ref(path, peeled)) {
-		entry = packlist_find(&to_pack, peeled, NULL);
+	if (!peel_ref(path, &peeled)) {
+		entry = packlist_find(&to_pack, peeled.hash, NULL);
 		if (entry)
 			entry->tagged = 1;
 	}
@@ -577,34 +629,34 @@ static void add_descendants_to_write_order(struct object_entry **wo,
 			/* add this node... */
 			add_to_write_order(wo, endp, e);
 			/* all its siblings... */
-			for (s = e->delta_sibling; s; s = s->delta_sibling) {
+			for (s = DELTA_SIBLING(e); s; s = DELTA_SIBLING(s)) {
 				add_to_write_order(wo, endp, s);
 			}
 		}
 		/* drop down a level to add left subtree nodes if possible */
-		if (e->delta_child) {
+		if (DELTA_CHILD(e)) {
 			add_to_order = 1;
-			e = e->delta_child;
+			e = DELTA_CHILD(e);
 		} else {
 			add_to_order = 0;
 			/* our sibling might have some children, it is next */
-			if (e->delta_sibling) {
-				e = e->delta_sibling;
+			if (DELTA_SIBLING(e)) {
+				e = DELTA_SIBLING(e);
 				continue;
 			}
 			/* go back to our parent node */
-			e = e->delta;
-			while (e && !e->delta_sibling) {
+			e = DELTA(e);
+			while (e && !DELTA_SIBLING(e)) {
 				/* we're on the right side of a subtree, keep
 				 * going up until we can go right again */
-				e = e->delta;
+				e = DELTA(e);
 			}
 			if (!e) {
 				/* done- we hit our original root node */
 				return;
 			}
 			/* pass it off to sibling at this level */
-			e = e->delta_sibling;
+			e = DELTA_SIBLING(e);
 		}
 	};
 }
@@ -615,7 +667,7 @@ static void add_family_to_write_order(struct object_entry **wo,
 {
 	struct object_entry *root;
 
-	for (root = e; root->delta; root = root->delta)
+	for (root = e; DELTA(root); root = DELTA(root))
 		; /* nothing */
 	add_descendants_to_write_order(wo, endp, root);
 }
@@ -624,14 +676,14 @@ static struct object_entry **compute_write_order(void)
 {
 	unsigned int i, wo_end, last_untagged;
 
-	struct object_entry **wo = xmalloc(to_pack.nr_objects * sizeof(*wo));
+	struct object_entry **wo;
 	struct object_entry *objects = to_pack.objects;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < to_pack.nr_objects; i++) {
 		objects[i].tagged = 0;
 		objects[i].filled = 0;
-		objects[i].delta_child = NULL;
-		objects[i].delta_sibling = NULL;
+		SET_DELTA_CHILD(&objects[i], NULL);
+		SET_DELTA_SIBLING(&objects[i], NULL);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -641,11 +693,11 @@ static struct object_entry **compute_write_order(void)
 	 */
 	for (i = to_pack.nr_objects; i > 0;) {
 		struct object_entry *e = &objects[--i];
-		if (!e->delta)
+		if (!DELTA(e))
 			continue;
 		/* Mark me as the first child */
-		e->delta_sibling = e->delta->delta_child;
-		e->delta->delta_child = e;
+		e->delta_sibling_idx = DELTA(e)->delta_child_idx;
+		SET_DELTA_CHILD(DELTA(e), e);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -657,6 +709,7 @@ static struct object_entry **compute_write_order(void)
 	 * Give the objects in the original recency order until
 	 * we see a tagged tip.
 	 */
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(wo, to_pack.nr_objects);
 	for (i = wo_end = 0; i < to_pack.nr_objects; i++) {
 		if (objects[i].tagged)
 			break;
@@ -676,8 +729,8 @@ static struct object_entry **compute_write_order(void)
 	 * And then all remaining commits and tags.
 	 */
 	for (i = last_untagged; i < to_pack.nr_objects; i++) {
-		if (objects[i].type != OBJ_COMMIT &&
-		    objects[i].type != OBJ_TAG)
+		if (oe_type(&objects[i]) != OBJ_COMMIT &&
+		    oe_type(&objects[i]) != OBJ_TAG)
 			continue;
 		add_to_write_order(wo, &wo_end, &objects[i]);
 	}
@@ -686,7 +739,7 @@ static struct object_entry **compute_write_order(void)
 	 * And then all the trees.
 	 */
 	for (i = last_untagged; i < to_pack.nr_objects; i++) {
-		if (objects[i].type != OBJ_TREE)
+		if (oe_type(&objects[i]) != OBJ_TREE)
 			continue;
 		add_to_write_order(wo, &wo_end, &objects[i]);
 	}
@@ -700,30 +753,31 @@ static struct object_entry **compute_write_order(void)
 	}
 
 	if (wo_end != to_pack.nr_objects)
-		die("ordered %u objects, expected %"PRIu32, wo_end, to_pack.nr_objects);
+		die(_("ordered %u objects, expected %"PRIu32),
+		    wo_end, to_pack.nr_objects);
 
 	return wo;
 }
 
-static off_t write_reused_pack(struct sha1file *f)
+static off_t write_reused_pack(struct hashfile *f)
 {
 	unsigned char buffer[8192];
 	off_t to_write, total;
 	int fd;
 
 	if (!is_pack_valid(reuse_packfile))
-		die("packfile is invalid: %s", reuse_packfile->pack_name);
+		die(_("packfile is invalid: %s"), reuse_packfile->pack_name);
 
-	fd = git_open_noatime(reuse_packfile->pack_name);
+	fd = git_open(reuse_packfile->pack_name);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno("unable to open packfile for reuse: %s",
+		die_errno(_("unable to open packfile for reuse: %s"),
 			  reuse_packfile->pack_name);
 
 	if (lseek(fd, sizeof(struct pack_header), SEEK_SET) == -1)
-		die_errno("unable to seek in reused packfile");
+		die_errno(_("unable to seek in reused packfile"));
 
 	if (reuse_packfile_offset < 0)
-		reuse_packfile_offset = reuse_packfile->pack_size - 20;
+		reuse_packfile_offset = reuse_packfile->pack_size - the_hash_algo->rawsz;
 
 	total = to_write = reuse_packfile_offset - sizeof(struct pack_header);
 
@@ -731,12 +785,12 @@ static off_t write_reused_pack(struct sha1file *f)
 		int read_pack = xread(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
 
 		if (read_pack <= 0)
-			die_errno("unable to read from reused packfile");
+			die_errno(_("unable to read from reused packfile"));
 
 		if (read_pack > to_write)
 			read_pack = to_write;
 
-		sha1write(f, buffer, read_pack);
+		hashwrite(f, buffer, read_pack);
 		to_write -= read_pack;
 
 		/*
@@ -758,10 +812,14 @@ static off_t write_reused_pack(struct sha1file *f)
 	return reuse_packfile_offset - sizeof(struct pack_header);
 }
 
+static const char no_split_warning[] = N_(
+"disabling bitmap writing, packs are split due to pack.packSizeLimit"
+);
+
 static void write_pack_file(void)
 {
 	uint32_t i = 0, j;
-	struct sha1file *f;
+	struct hashfile *f;
 	off_t offset;
 	uint32_t nr_remaining = nr_result;
 	time_t last_mtime = 0;
@@ -769,15 +827,15 @@ static void write_pack_file(void)
 
 	if (progress > pack_to_stdout)
 		progress_state = start_progress(_("Writing objects"), nr_result);
-	written_list = xmalloc(to_pack.nr_objects * sizeof(*written_list));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(written_list, to_pack.nr_objects);
 	write_order = compute_write_order();
 
 	do {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		char *pack_tmp_name = NULL;
 
 		if (pack_to_stdout)
-			f = sha1fd_throughput(1, "<stdout>", progress_state);
+			f = hashfd_throughput(1, "<stdout>", progress_state);
 		else
 			f = create_tmp_packfile(&pack_tmp_name);
 
@@ -804,15 +862,18 @@ static void write_pack_file(void)
 		 * If so, rewrite it like in fast-import
 		 */
 		if (pack_to_stdout) {
-			sha1close(f, sha1, CSUM_CLOSE);
+			finalize_hashfile(f, oid.hash, CSUM_HASH_IN_STREAM | CSUM_CLOSE);
 		} else if (nr_written == nr_remaining) {
-			sha1close(f, sha1, CSUM_FSYNC);
+			finalize_hashfile(f, oid.hash, CSUM_HASH_IN_STREAM | CSUM_FSYNC | CSUM_CLOSE);
 		} else {
-			int fd = sha1close(f, sha1, 0);
-			fixup_pack_header_footer(fd, sha1, pack_tmp_name,
-						 nr_written, sha1, offset);
+			int fd = finalize_hashfile(f, oid.hash, 0);
+			fixup_pack_header_footer(fd, oid.hash, pack_tmp_name,
+						 nr_written, oid.hash, offset);
 			close(fd);
-			write_bitmap_index = 0;
+			if (write_bitmap_index) {
+				warning(_(no_split_warning));
+				write_bitmap_index = 0;
+			}
 		}
 
 		if (!pack_to_stdout) {
@@ -827,8 +888,7 @@ static void write_pack_file(void)
 			 * to preserve this property.
 			 */
 			if (stat(pack_tmp_name, &st) < 0) {
-				warning("failed to stat %s: %s",
-					pack_tmp_name, strerror(errno));
+				warning_errno(_("failed to stat %s"), pack_tmp_name);
 			} else if (!last_mtime) {
 				last_mtime = st.st_mtime;
 			} else {
@@ -836,23 +896,23 @@ static void write_pack_file(void)
 				utb.actime = st.st_atime;
 				utb.modtime = --last_mtime;
 				if (utime(pack_tmp_name, &utb) < 0)
-					warning("failed utime() on %s: %s",
-						pack_tmp_name, strerror(errno));
+					warning_errno(_("failed utime() on %s"), pack_tmp_name);
 			}
 
 			strbuf_addf(&tmpname, "%s-", base_name);
 
 			if (write_bitmap_index) {
-				bitmap_writer_set_checksum(sha1);
-				bitmap_writer_build_type_index(written_list, nr_written);
+				bitmap_writer_set_checksum(oid.hash);
+				bitmap_writer_build_type_index(
+					&to_pack, written_list, nr_written);
 			}
 
 			finish_tmp_packfile(&tmpname, pack_tmp_name,
 					    written_list, nr_written,
-					    &pack_idx_opts, sha1);
+					    &pack_idx_opts, oid.hash);
 
 			if (write_bitmap_index) {
-				strbuf_addf(&tmpname, "%s.bitmap", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+				strbuf_addf(&tmpname, "%s.bitmap", oid_to_hex(&oid));
 
 				stop_progress(&progress_state);
 
@@ -867,7 +927,7 @@ static void write_pack_file(void)
 
 			strbuf_release(&tmpname);
 			free(pack_tmp_name);
-			puts(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			puts(oid_to_hex(&oid));
 		}
 
 		/* mark written objects as written to previous pack */
@@ -881,28 +941,19 @@ static void write_pack_file(void)
 	free(write_order);
 	stop_progress(&progress_state);
 	if (written != nr_result)
-		die("wrote %"PRIu32" objects while expecting %"PRIu32,
-			written, nr_result);
-}
-
-static void setup_delta_attr_check(struct git_attr_check *check)
-{
-	static struct git_attr *attr_delta;
-
-	if (!attr_delta)
-		attr_delta = git_attr("delta");
-
-	check[0].attr = attr_delta;
+		die(_("wrote %"PRIu32" objects while expecting %"PRIu32),
+		    written, nr_result);
 }
 
 static int no_try_delta(const char *path)
 {
-	struct git_attr_check check[1];
+	static struct attr_check *check;
 
-	setup_delta_attr_check(check);
-	if (git_check_attr(path, ARRAY_SIZE(check), check))
+	if (!check)
+		check = attr_check_initl("delta", NULL);
+	if (git_check_attr(&the_index, path, check))
 		return 0;
-	if (ATTR_FALSE(check->value))
+	if (ATTR_FALSE(check->items[0].value))
 		return 1;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -917,13 +968,13 @@ static int no_try_delta(const char *path)
  * found the item, since that saves us from having to look it up again a
  * few lines later when we want to add the new entry.
  */
-static int have_duplicate_entry(const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int have_duplicate_entry(const struct object_id *oid,
 				int exclude,
 				uint32_t *index_pos)
 {
 	struct object_entry *entry;
 
-	entry = packlist_find(&to_pack, sha1, index_pos);
+	entry = packlist_find(&to_pack, oid->hash, index_pos);
 	if (!entry)
 		return 0;
 
@@ -936,53 +987,102 @@ static int have_duplicate_entry(const unsigned char *sha1,
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static int want_found_object(int exclude, struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	if (exclude)
+		return 1;
+	if (incremental)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * When asked to do --local (do not include an object that appears in a
+	 * pack we borrow from elsewhere) or --honor-pack-keep (do not include
+	 * an object that appears in a pack marked with .keep), finding a pack
+	 * that matches the criteria is sufficient for us to decide to omit it.
+	 * However, even if this pack does not satisfy the criteria, we need to
+	 * make sure no copy of this object appears in _any_ pack that makes us
+	 * to omit the object, so we need to check all the packs.
+	 *
+	 * We can however first check whether these options can possible matter;
+	 * if they do not matter we know we want the object in generated pack.
+	 * Otherwise, we signal "-1" at the end to tell the caller that we do
+	 * not know either way, and it needs to check more packs.
+	 */
+	if (!ignore_packed_keep_on_disk &&
+	    !ignore_packed_keep_in_core &&
+	    (!local || !have_non_local_packs))
+		return 1;
+
+	if (local && !p->pack_local)
+		return 0;
+	if (p->pack_local &&
+	    ((ignore_packed_keep_on_disk && p->pack_keep) ||
+	     (ignore_packed_keep_in_core && p->pack_keep_in_core)))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* we don't know yet; keep looking for more packs */
+	return -1;
+}
+
 /*
  * Check whether we want the object in the pack (e.g., we do not want
  * objects found in non-local stores if the "--local" option was used).
  *
- * As a side effect of this check, we will find the packed version of this
- * object, if any. We therefore pass out the pack information to avoid having
- * to look it up again later.
+ * If the caller already knows an existing pack it wants to take the object
+ * from, that is passed in *found_pack and *found_offset; otherwise this
+ * function finds if there is any pack that has the object and returns the pack
+ * and its offset in these variables.
  */
-static int want_object_in_pack(const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int want_object_in_pack(const struct object_id *oid,
 			       int exclude,
 			       struct packed_git **found_pack,
 			       off_t *found_offset)
 {
-	struct packed_git *p;
+	int want;
+	struct list_head *pos;
 
-	if (!exclude && local && has_loose_object_nonlocal(sha1))
+	if (!exclude && local && has_loose_object_nonlocal(oid))
 		return 0;
 
-	*found_pack = NULL;
-	*found_offset = 0;
+	/*
+	 * If we already know the pack object lives in, start checks from that
+	 * pack - in the usual case when neither --local was given nor .keep files
+	 * are present we will determine the answer right now.
+	 */
+	if (*found_pack) {
+		want = want_found_object(exclude, *found_pack);
+		if (want != -1)
+			return want;
+	}
+	list_for_each(pos, get_packed_git_mru(the_repository)) {
+		struct packed_git *p = list_entry(pos, struct packed_git, mru);
+		off_t offset;
+
+		if (p == *found_pack)
+			offset = *found_offset;
+		else
+			offset = find_pack_entry_one(oid->hash, p);
 
-	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-		off_t offset = find_pack_entry_one(sha1, p);
 		if (offset) {
 			if (!*found_pack) {
-				if (!is_pack_valid(p)) {
-					warning("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
+				if (!is_pack_valid(p))
 					continue;
-				}
 				*found_offset = offset;
 				*found_pack = p;
 			}
-			if (exclude)
-				return 1;
-			if (incremental)
-				return 0;
-			if (local && !p->pack_local)
-				return 0;
-			if (ignore_packed_keep && p->pack_local && p->pack_keep)
-				return 0;
+			want = want_found_object(exclude, p);
+			if (!exclude && want > 0)
+				list_move(&p->mru,
+					  get_packed_git_mru(the_repository));
+			if (want != -1)
+				return want;
 		}
 	}
 
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static void create_object_entry(const unsigned char *sha1,
+static void create_object_entry(const struct object_id *oid,
 				enum object_type type,
 				uint32_t hash,
 				int exclude,
@@ -993,16 +1093,15 @@ static void create_object_entry(const unsigned char *sha1,
 {
 	struct object_entry *entry;
 
-	entry = packlist_alloc(&to_pack, sha1, index_pos);
+	entry = packlist_alloc(&to_pack, oid->hash, index_pos);
 	entry->hash = hash;
-	if (type)
-		entry->type = type;
+	oe_set_type(entry, type);
 	if (exclude)
 		entry->preferred_base = 1;
 	else
 		nr_result++;
 	if (found_pack) {
-		entry->in_pack = found_pack;
+		oe_set_in_pack(&to_pack, entry, found_pack);
 		entry->in_pack_offset = found_offset;
 	}
 
@@ -1013,17 +1112,19 @@ static const char no_closure_warning[] = N_(
 "disabling bitmap writing, as some objects are not being packed"
 );
 
-static int add_object_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type type,
+static int add_object_entry(const struct object_id *oid, enum object_type type,
 			    const char *name, int exclude)
 {
-	struct packed_git *found_pack;
-	off_t found_offset;
+	struct packed_git *found_pack = NULL;
+	off_t found_offset = 0;
 	uint32_t index_pos;
 
-	if (have_duplicate_entry(sha1, exclude, &index_pos))
+	display_progress(progress_state, ++nr_seen);
+
+	if (have_duplicate_entry(oid, exclude, &index_pos))
 		return 0;
 
-	if (!want_object_in_pack(sha1, exclude, &found_pack, &found_offset)) {
+	if (!want_object_in_pack(oid, exclude, &found_pack, &found_offset)) {
 		/* The pack is missing an object, so it will not have closure */
 		if (write_bitmap_index) {
 			warning(_(no_closure_warning));
@@ -1032,32 +1133,33 @@ static int add_object_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type type,
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	create_object_entry(sha1, type, pack_name_hash(name),
+	create_object_entry(oid, type, pack_name_hash(name),
 			    exclude, name && no_try_delta(name),
 			    index_pos, found_pack, found_offset);
-
-	display_progress(progress_state, nr_result);
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int add_object_entry_from_bitmap(const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int add_object_entry_from_bitmap(const struct object_id *oid,
 					enum object_type type,
 					int flags, uint32_t name_hash,
 					struct packed_git *pack, off_t offset)
 {
 	uint32_t index_pos;
 
-	if (have_duplicate_entry(sha1, 0, &index_pos))
+	display_progress(progress_state, ++nr_seen);
+
+	if (have_duplicate_entry(oid, 0, &index_pos))
 		return 0;
 
-	create_object_entry(sha1, type, name_hash, 0, 0, index_pos, pack, offset);
+	if (!want_object_in_pack(oid, 0, &pack, &offset))
+		return 0;
 
-	display_progress(progress_state, nr_result);
+	create_object_entry(oid, type, name_hash, 0, 0, index_pos, pack, offset);
 	return 1;
 }
 
 struct pbase_tree_cache {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	int ref;
 	int temporary;
 	void *tree_data;
@@ -1065,9 +1167,9 @@ struct pbase_tree_cache {
 };
 
 static struct pbase_tree_cache *(pbase_tree_cache[256]);
-static int pbase_tree_cache_ix(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static int pbase_tree_cache_ix(const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	return sha1[0] % ARRAY_SIZE(pbase_tree_cache);
+	return oid->hash[0] % ARRAY_SIZE(pbase_tree_cache);
 }
 static int pbase_tree_cache_ix_incr(int ix)
 {
@@ -1084,14 +1186,14 @@ static struct pbase_tree {
 	struct pbase_tree_cache pcache;
 } *pbase_tree;
 
-static struct pbase_tree_cache *pbase_tree_get(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static struct pbase_tree_cache *pbase_tree_get(const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct pbase_tree_cache *ent, *nent;
 	void *data;
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
 	int neigh;
-	int my_ix = pbase_tree_cache_ix(sha1);
+	int my_ix = pbase_tree_cache_ix(oid);
 	int available_ix = -1;
 
 	/* pbase-tree-cache acts as a limited hashtable.
@@ -1100,7 +1202,7 @@ static struct pbase_tree_cache *pbase_tree_get(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	 */
 	for (neigh = 0; neigh < 8; neigh++) {
 		ent = pbase_tree_cache[my_ix];
-		if (ent && !hashcmp(ent->sha1, sha1)) {
+		if (ent && !oidcmp(&ent->oid, oid)) {
 			ent->ref++;
 			return ent;
 		}
@@ -1116,7 +1218,7 @@ static struct pbase_tree_cache *pbase_tree_get(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	/* Did not find one.  Either we got a bogus request or
 	 * we need to read and perhaps cache.
 	 */
-	data = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	data = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
 	if (!data)
 		return NULL;
 	if (type != OBJ_TREE) {
@@ -1142,7 +1244,7 @@ static struct pbase_tree_cache *pbase_tree_get(const unsigned char *sha1)
 		free(ent->tree_data);
 		nent = ent;
 	}
-	hashcpy(nent->sha1, sha1);
+	oidcpy(&nent->oid, oid);
 	nent->tree_data = data;
 	nent->tree_size = size;
 	nent->ref = 1;
@@ -1187,7 +1289,7 @@ static void add_pbase_object(struct tree_desc *tree,
 		if (cmp < 0)
 			return;
 		if (name[cmplen] != '/') {
-			add_object_entry(entry.sha1,
+			add_object_entry(entry.oid,
 					 object_type(entry.mode),
 					 fullname, 1);
 			return;
@@ -1198,7 +1300,7 @@ static void add_pbase_object(struct tree_desc *tree,
 			const char *down = name+cmplen+1;
 			int downlen = name_cmp_len(down);
 
-			tree = pbase_tree_get(entry.sha1);
+			tree = pbase_tree_get(entry.oid);
 			if (!tree)
 				return;
 			init_tree_desc(&sub, tree->tree_data, tree->tree_size);
@@ -1217,7 +1319,7 @@ static int done_pbase_path_pos(unsigned hash)
 	int lo = 0;
 	int hi = done_pbase_paths_num;
 	while (lo < hi) {
-		int mi = (hi + lo) / 2;
+		int mi = lo + (hi - lo) / 2;
 		if (done_pbase_paths[mi] == hash)
 			return mi;
 		if (done_pbase_paths[mi] < hash)
@@ -1230,7 +1332,7 @@ static int done_pbase_path_pos(unsigned hash)
 
 static int check_pbase_path(unsigned hash)
 {
-	int pos = (!done_pbase_paths) ? -1 : done_pbase_path_pos(hash);
+	int pos = done_pbase_path_pos(hash);
 	if (0 <= pos)
 		return 1;
 	pos = -pos - 1;
@@ -1239,9 +1341,8 @@ static int check_pbase_path(unsigned hash)
 		   done_pbase_paths_alloc);
 	done_pbase_paths_num++;
 	if (pos < done_pbase_paths_num)
-		memmove(done_pbase_paths + pos + 1,
-			done_pbase_paths + pos,
-			(done_pbase_paths_num - pos - 1) * sizeof(unsigned));
+		MOVE_ARRAY(done_pbase_paths + pos + 1, done_pbase_paths + pos,
+			   done_pbase_paths_num - pos - 1);
 	done_pbase_paths[pos] = hash;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1258,7 +1359,7 @@ static void add_preferred_base_object(const char *name)
 	cmplen = name_cmp_len(name);
 	for (it = pbase_tree; it; it = it->next) {
 		if (cmplen == 0) {
-			add_object_entry(it->pcache.sha1, OBJ_TREE, NULL, 1);
+			add_object_entry(&it->pcache.oid, OBJ_TREE, NULL, 1);
 		}
 		else {
 			struct tree_desc tree;
@@ -1268,22 +1369,22 @@ static void add_preferred_base_object(const char *name)
 	}
 }
 
-static void add_preferred_base(unsigned char *sha1)
+static void add_preferred_base(struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct pbase_tree *it;
 	void *data;
 	unsigned long size;
-	unsigned char tree_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id tree_oid;
 
 	if (window <= num_preferred_base++)
 		return;
 
-	data = read_object_with_reference(sha1, tree_type, &size, tree_sha1);
+	data = read_object_with_reference(oid, tree_type, &size, &tree_oid);
 	if (!data)
 		return;
 
 	for (it = pbase_tree; it; it = it->next) {
-		if (!hashcmp(it->pcache.sha1, tree_sha1)) {
+		if (!oidcmp(&it->pcache.oid, &tree_oid)) {
 			free(data);
 			return;
 		}
@@ -1293,7 +1394,7 @@ static void add_preferred_base(unsigned char *sha1)
 	it->next = pbase_tree;
 	pbase_tree = it;
 
-	hashcpy(it->pcache.sha1, tree_sha1);
+	oidcpy(&it->pcache.oid, &tree_oid);
 	it->pcache.tree_data = data;
 	it->pcache.tree_size = size;
 }
@@ -1306,29 +1407,29 @@ static void cleanup_preferred_base(void)
 	it = pbase_tree;
 	pbase_tree = NULL;
 	while (it) {
-		struct pbase_tree *this = it;
-		it = this->next;
-		free(this->pcache.tree_data);
-		free(this);
+		struct pbase_tree *tmp = it;
+		it = tmp->next;
+		free(tmp->pcache.tree_data);
+		free(tmp);
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pbase_tree_cache); i++) {
 		if (!pbase_tree_cache[i])
 			continue;
 		free(pbase_tree_cache[i]->tree_data);
-		free(pbase_tree_cache[i]);
-		pbase_tree_cache[i] = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(pbase_tree_cache[i]);
 	}
 
-	free(done_pbase_paths);
-	done_pbase_paths = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(done_pbase_paths);
 	done_pbase_paths_num = done_pbase_paths_alloc = 0;
 }
 
 static void check_object(struct object_entry *entry)
 {
-	if (entry->in_pack) {
-		struct packed_git *p = entry->in_pack;
+	unsigned long canonical_size;
+
+	if (IN_PACK(entry)) {
+		struct packed_git *p = IN_PACK(entry);
 		struct pack_window *w_curs = NULL;
 		const unsigned char *base_ref = NULL;
 		struct object_entry *base_entry;
@@ -1336,6 +1437,8 @@ static void check_object(struct object_entry *entry)
 		unsigned long avail;
 		off_t ofs;
 		unsigned char *buf, c;
+		enum object_type type;
+		unsigned long in_pack_size;
 
 		buf = use_pack(p, &w_curs, entry->in_pack_offset, &avail);
 
@@ -1344,11 +1447,15 @@ static void check_object(struct object_entry *entry)
 		 * since non-delta representations could still be reused.
 		 */
 		used = unpack_object_header_buffer(buf, avail,
-						   &entry->in_pack_type,
-						   &entry->size);
+						   &type,
+						   &in_pack_size);
 		if (used == 0)
 			goto give_up;
 
+		if (type < 0)
+			BUG("invalid type %d", type);
+		entry->in_pack_type = type;
+
 		/*
 		 * Determine if this is a delta and if so whether we can
 		 * reuse it or not.  Otherwise let's find out as cheaply as
@@ -1357,9 +1464,10 @@ static void check_object(struct object_entry *entry)
 		switch (entry->in_pack_type) {
 		default:
 			/* Not a delta hence we've already got all we need. */
-			entry->type = entry->in_pack_type;
+			oe_set_type(entry, entry->in_pack_type);
+			SET_SIZE(entry, in_pack_size);
 			entry->in_pack_header_size = used;
-			if (entry->type < OBJ_COMMIT || entry->type > OBJ_BLOB)
+			if (oe_type(entry) < OBJ_COMMIT || oe_type(entry) > OBJ_BLOB)
 				goto give_up;
 			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 			return;
@@ -1367,7 +1475,7 @@ static void check_object(struct object_entry *entry)
 			if (reuse_delta && !entry->preferred_base)
 				base_ref = use_pack(p, &w_curs,
 						entry->in_pack_offset + used, NULL);
-			entry->in_pack_header_size = used + 20;
+			entry->in_pack_header_size = used + the_hash_algo->rawsz;
 			break;
 		case OBJ_OFS_DELTA:
 			buf = use_pack(p, &w_curs,
@@ -1378,8 +1486,8 @@ static void check_object(struct object_entry *entry)
 			while (c & 128) {
 				ofs += 1;
 				if (!ofs || MSB(ofs, 7)) {
-					error("delta base offset overflow in pack for %s",
-					      sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+					error(_("delta base offset overflow in pack for %s"),
+					      oid_to_hex(&entry->idx.oid));
 					goto give_up;
 				}
 				c = buf[used_0++];
@@ -1387,8 +1495,8 @@ static void check_object(struct object_entry *entry)
 			}
 			ofs = entry->in_pack_offset - ofs;
 			if (ofs <= 0 || ofs >= entry->in_pack_offset) {
-				error("delta base offset out of bound for %s",
-				      sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+				error(_("delta base offset out of bound for %s"),
+				      oid_to_hex(&entry->idx.oid));
 				goto give_up;
 			}
 			if (reuse_delta && !entry->preferred_base) {
@@ -1413,25 +1521,29 @@ static void check_object(struct object_entry *entry)
 			 * deltify other objects against, in order to avoid
 			 * circular deltas.
 			 */
-			entry->type = entry->in_pack_type;
-			entry->delta = base_entry;
-			entry->delta_size = entry->size;
-			entry->delta_sibling = base_entry->delta_child;
-			base_entry->delta_child = entry;
+			oe_set_type(entry, entry->in_pack_type);
+			SET_SIZE(entry, in_pack_size); /* delta size */
+			SET_DELTA(entry, base_entry);
+			SET_DELTA_SIZE(entry, in_pack_size);
+			entry->delta_sibling_idx = base_entry->delta_child_idx;
+			SET_DELTA_CHILD(base_entry, entry);
 			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 			return;
 		}
 
-		if (entry->type) {
+		if (oe_type(entry)) {
+			off_t delta_pos;
+
 			/*
 			 * This must be a delta and we already know what the
 			 * final object type is.  Let's extract the actual
 			 * object size from the delta header.
 			 */
-			entry->size = get_size_from_delta(p, &w_curs,
-					entry->in_pack_offset + entry->in_pack_header_size);
-			if (entry->size == 0)
+			delta_pos = entry->in_pack_offset + entry->in_pack_header_size;
+			canonical_size = get_size_from_delta(p, &w_curs, delta_pos);
+			if (canonical_size == 0)
 				goto give_up;
+			SET_SIZE(entry, canonical_size);
 			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 			return;
 		}
@@ -1445,48 +1557,241 @@ static void check_object(struct object_entry *entry)
 		unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 	}
 
-	entry->type = sha1_object_info(entry->idx.sha1, &entry->size);
-	/*
-	 * The error condition is checked in prepare_pack().  This is
-	 * to permit a missing preferred base object to be ignored
-	 * as a preferred base.  Doing so can result in a larger
-	 * pack file, but the transfer will still take place.
-	 */
+	oe_set_type(entry,
+		    oid_object_info(the_repository, &entry->idx.oid, &canonical_size));
+	if (entry->type_valid) {
+		SET_SIZE(entry, canonical_size);
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Bad object type is checked in prepare_pack().  This is
+		 * to permit a missing preferred base object to be ignored
+		 * as a preferred base.  Doing so can result in a larger
+		 * pack file, but the transfer will still take place.
+		 */
+	}
 }
 
 static int pack_offset_sort(const void *_a, const void *_b)
 {
 	const struct object_entry *a = *(struct object_entry **)_a;
 	const struct object_entry *b = *(struct object_entry **)_b;
+	const struct packed_git *a_in_pack = IN_PACK(a);
+	const struct packed_git *b_in_pack = IN_PACK(b);
 
 	/* avoid filesystem trashing with loose objects */
-	if (!a->in_pack && !b->in_pack)
-		return hashcmp(a->idx.sha1, b->idx.sha1);
+	if (!a_in_pack && !b_in_pack)
+		return oidcmp(&a->idx.oid, &b->idx.oid);
 
-	if (a->in_pack < b->in_pack)
+	if (a_in_pack < b_in_pack)
 		return -1;
-	if (a->in_pack > b->in_pack)
+	if (a_in_pack > b_in_pack)
 		return 1;
 	return a->in_pack_offset < b->in_pack_offset ? -1 :
 			(a->in_pack_offset > b->in_pack_offset);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Drop an on-disk delta we were planning to reuse. Naively, this would
+ * just involve blanking out the "delta" field, but we have to deal
+ * with some extra book-keeping:
+ *
+ *   1. Removing ourselves from the delta_sibling linked list.
+ *
+ *   2. Updating our size/type to the non-delta representation. These were
+ *      either not recorded initially (size) or overwritten with the delta type
+ *      (type) when check_object() decided to reuse the delta.
+ *
+ *   3. Resetting our delta depth, as we are now a base object.
+ */
+static void drop_reused_delta(struct object_entry *entry)
+{
+	unsigned *idx = &to_pack.objects[entry->delta_idx - 1].delta_child_idx;
+	struct object_info oi = OBJECT_INFO_INIT;
+	enum object_type type;
+	unsigned long size;
+
+	while (*idx) {
+		struct object_entry *oe = &to_pack.objects[*idx - 1];
+
+		if (oe == entry)
+			*idx = oe->delta_sibling_idx;
+		else
+			idx = &oe->delta_sibling_idx;
+	}
+	SET_DELTA(entry, NULL);
+	entry->depth = 0;
+
+	oi.sizep = &size;
+	oi.typep = &type;
+	if (packed_object_info(the_repository, IN_PACK(entry), entry->in_pack_offset, &oi) < 0) {
+		/*
+		 * We failed to get the info from this pack for some reason;
+		 * fall back to sha1_object_info, which may find another copy.
+		 * And if that fails, the error will be recorded in oe_type(entry)
+		 * and dealt with in prepare_pack().
+		 */
+		oe_set_type(entry,
+			    oid_object_info(the_repository, &entry->idx.oid, &size));
+	} else {
+		oe_set_type(entry, type);
+	}
+	SET_SIZE(entry, size);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Follow the chain of deltas from this entry onward, throwing away any links
+ * that cause us to hit a cycle (as determined by the DFS state flags in
+ * the entries).
+ *
+ * We also detect too-long reused chains that would violate our --depth
+ * limit.
+ */
+static void break_delta_chains(struct object_entry *entry)
+{
+	/*
+	 * The actual depth of each object we will write is stored as an int,
+	 * as it cannot exceed our int "depth" limit. But before we break
+	 * changes based no that limit, we may potentially go as deep as the
+	 * number of objects, which is elsewhere bounded to a uint32_t.
+	 */
+	uint32_t total_depth;
+	struct object_entry *cur, *next;
+
+	for (cur = entry, total_depth = 0;
+	     cur;
+	     cur = DELTA(cur), total_depth++) {
+		if (cur->dfs_state == DFS_DONE) {
+			/*
+			 * We've already seen this object and know it isn't
+			 * part of a cycle. We do need to append its depth
+			 * to our count.
+			 */
+			total_depth += cur->depth;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * We break cycles before looping, so an ACTIVE state (or any
+		 * other cruft which made its way into the state variable)
+		 * is a bug.
+		 */
+		if (cur->dfs_state != DFS_NONE)
+			BUG("confusing delta dfs state in first pass: %d",
+			    cur->dfs_state);
+
+		/*
+		 * Now we know this is the first time we've seen the object. If
+		 * it's not a delta, we're done traversing, but we'll mark it
+		 * done to save time on future traversals.
+		 */
+		if (!DELTA(cur)) {
+			cur->dfs_state = DFS_DONE;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Mark ourselves as active and see if the next step causes
+		 * us to cycle to another active object. It's important to do
+		 * this _before_ we loop, because it impacts where we make the
+		 * cut, and thus how our total_depth counter works.
+		 * E.g., We may see a partial loop like:
+		 *
+		 *   A -> B -> C -> D -> B
+		 *
+		 * Cutting B->C breaks the cycle. But now the depth of A is
+		 * only 1, and our total_depth counter is at 3. The size of the
+		 * error is always one less than the size of the cycle we
+		 * broke. Commits C and D were "lost" from A's chain.
+		 *
+		 * If we instead cut D->B, then the depth of A is correct at 3.
+		 * We keep all commits in the chain that we examined.
+		 */
+		cur->dfs_state = DFS_ACTIVE;
+		if (DELTA(cur)->dfs_state == DFS_ACTIVE) {
+			drop_reused_delta(cur);
+			cur->dfs_state = DFS_DONE;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * And now that we've gone all the way to the bottom of the chain, we
+	 * need to clear the active flags and set the depth fields as
+	 * appropriate. Unlike the loop above, which can quit when it drops a
+	 * delta, we need to keep going to look for more depth cuts. So we need
+	 * an extra "next" pointer to keep going after we reset cur->delta.
+	 */
+	for (cur = entry; cur; cur = next) {
+		next = DELTA(cur);
+
+		/*
+		 * We should have a chain of zero or more ACTIVE states down to
+		 * a final DONE. We can quit after the DONE, because either it
+		 * has no bases, or we've already handled them in a previous
+		 * call.
+		 */
+		if (cur->dfs_state == DFS_DONE)
+			break;
+		else if (cur->dfs_state != DFS_ACTIVE)
+			BUG("confusing delta dfs state in second pass: %d",
+			    cur->dfs_state);
+
+		/*
+		 * If the total_depth is more than depth, then we need to snip
+		 * the chain into two or more smaller chains that don't exceed
+		 * the maximum depth. Most of the resulting chains will contain
+		 * (depth + 1) entries (i.e., depth deltas plus one base), and
+		 * the last chain (i.e., the one containing entry) will contain
+		 * whatever entries are left over, namely
+		 * (total_depth % (depth + 1)) of them.
+		 *
+		 * Since we are iterating towards decreasing depth, we need to
+		 * decrement total_depth as we go, and we need to write to the
+		 * entry what its final depth will be after all of the
+		 * snipping. Since we're snipping into chains of length (depth
+		 * + 1) entries, the final depth of an entry will be its
+		 * original depth modulo (depth + 1). Any time we encounter an
+		 * entry whose final depth is supposed to be zero, we snip it
+		 * from its delta base, thereby making it so.
+		 */
+		cur->depth = (total_depth--) % (depth + 1);
+		if (!cur->depth)
+			drop_reused_delta(cur);
+
+		cur->dfs_state = DFS_DONE;
+	}
+}
+
 static void get_object_details(void)
 {
 	uint32_t i;
 	struct object_entry **sorted_by_offset;
 
+	if (progress)
+		progress_state = start_progress(_("Counting objects"),
+						to_pack.nr_objects);
+
 	sorted_by_offset = xcalloc(to_pack.nr_objects, sizeof(struct object_entry *));
 	for (i = 0; i < to_pack.nr_objects; i++)
 		sorted_by_offset[i] = to_pack.objects + i;
-	qsort(sorted_by_offset, to_pack.nr_objects, sizeof(*sorted_by_offset), pack_offset_sort);
+	QSORT(sorted_by_offset, to_pack.nr_objects, pack_offset_sort);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < to_pack.nr_objects; i++) {
 		struct object_entry *entry = sorted_by_offset[i];
 		check_object(entry);
-		if (big_file_threshold < entry->size)
+		if (entry->type_valid &&
+		    oe_size_greater_than(&to_pack, entry, big_file_threshold))
 			entry->no_try_delta = 1;
+		display_progress(progress_state, i + 1);
 	}
+	stop_progress(&progress_state);
+
+	/*
+	 * This must happen in a second pass, since we rely on the delta
+	 * information for the whole list being completed.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < to_pack.nr_objects; i++)
+		break_delta_chains(&to_pack.objects[i]);
 
 	free(sorted_by_offset);
 }
@@ -1504,10 +1809,14 @@ static int type_size_sort(const void *_a, const void *_b)
 {
 	const struct object_entry *a = *(struct object_entry **)_a;
 	const struct object_entry *b = *(struct object_entry **)_b;
+	enum object_type a_type = oe_type(a);
+	enum object_type b_type = oe_type(b);
+	unsigned long a_size = SIZE(a);
+	unsigned long b_size = SIZE(b);
 
-	if (a->type > b->type)
+	if (a_type > b_type)
 		return -1;
-	if (a->type < b->type)
+	if (a_type < b_type)
 		return 1;
 	if (a->hash > b->hash)
 		return -1;
@@ -1517,9 +1826,9 @@ static int type_size_sort(const void *_a, const void *_b)
 		return -1;
 	if (a->preferred_base < b->preferred_base)
 		return 1;
-	if (a->size > b->size)
+	if (a_size > b_size)
 		return -1;
-	if (a->size < b->size)
+	if (a_size < b_size)
 		return 1;
 	return a < b ? -1 : (a > b);  /* newest first */
 }
@@ -1549,18 +1858,30 @@ static int delta_cacheable(unsigned long src_size, unsigned long trg_size,
 
 #ifndef NO_PTHREADS
 
+/* Protect access to object database */
 static pthread_mutex_t read_mutex;
 #define read_lock()		pthread_mutex_lock(&read_mutex)
 #define read_unlock()		pthread_mutex_unlock(&read_mutex)
 
+/* Protect delta_cache_size */
 static pthread_mutex_t cache_mutex;
 #define cache_lock()		pthread_mutex_lock(&cache_mutex)
 #define cache_unlock()		pthread_mutex_unlock(&cache_mutex)
 
+/*
+ * Protect object list partitioning (e.g. struct thread_param) and
+ * progress_state
+ */
 static pthread_mutex_t progress_mutex;
 #define progress_lock()		pthread_mutex_lock(&progress_mutex)
 #define progress_unlock()	pthread_mutex_unlock(&progress_mutex)
 
+/*
+ * Access to struct object_entry is unprotected since each thread owns
+ * a portion of the main object list. Just don't access object entries
+ * ahead in the list because they can be stolen and would need
+ * progress_mutex for protection.
+ */
 #else
 
 #define read_lock()		(void)0
@@ -1572,6 +1893,46 @@ static pthread_mutex_t progress_mutex;
 
 #endif
 
+/*
+ * Return the size of the object without doing any delta
+ * reconstruction (so non-deltas are true object sizes, but deltas
+ * return the size of the delta data).
+ */
+unsigned long oe_get_size_slow(struct packing_data *pack,
+			       const struct object_entry *e)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p;
+	struct pack_window *w_curs;
+	unsigned char *buf;
+	enum object_type type;
+	unsigned long used, avail, size;
+
+	if (e->type_ != OBJ_OFS_DELTA && e->type_ != OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+		read_lock();
+		if (oid_object_info(the_repository, &e->idx.oid, &size) < 0)
+			die(_("unable to get size of %s"),
+			    oid_to_hex(&e->idx.oid));
+		read_unlock();
+		return size;
+	}
+
+	p = oe_in_pack(pack, e);
+	if (!p)
+		BUG("when e->type is a delta, it must belong to a pack");
+
+	read_lock();
+	w_curs = NULL;
+	buf = use_pack(p, &w_curs, e->in_pack_offset, &avail);
+	used = unpack_object_header_buffer(buf, avail, &type, &size);
+	if (used == 0)
+		die(_("unable to parse object header of %s"),
+		    oid_to_hex(&e->idx.oid));
+
+	unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+	read_unlock();
+	return size;
+}
+
 static int try_delta(struct unpacked *trg, struct unpacked *src,
 		     unsigned max_depth, unsigned long *mem_usage)
 {
@@ -1583,7 +1944,7 @@ static int try_delta(struct unpacked *trg, struct unpacked *src,
 	void *delta_buf;
 
 	/* Don't bother doing diffs between different types */
-	if (trg_entry->type != src_entry->type)
+	if (oe_type(trg_entry) != oe_type(src_entry))
 		return -1;
 
 	/*
@@ -1594,8 +1955,8 @@ static int try_delta(struct unpacked *trg, struct unpacked *src,
 	 * it, we will still save the transfer cost, as we already know
 	 * the other side has it and we won't send src_entry at all.
 	 */
-	if (reuse_delta && trg_entry->in_pack &&
-	    trg_entry->in_pack == src_entry->in_pack &&
+	if (reuse_delta && IN_PACK(trg_entry) &&
+	    IN_PACK(trg_entry) == IN_PACK(src_entry) &&
 	    !src_entry->preferred_base &&
 	    trg_entry->in_pack_type != OBJ_REF_DELTA &&
 	    trg_entry->in_pack_type != OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
@@ -1606,19 +1967,19 @@ static int try_delta(struct unpacked *trg, struct unpacked *src,
 		return 0;
 
 	/* Now some size filtering heuristics. */
-	trg_size = trg_entry->size;
-	if (!trg_entry->delta) {
-		max_size = trg_size/2 - 20;
+	trg_size = SIZE(trg_entry);
+	if (!DELTA(trg_entry)) {
+		max_size = trg_size/2 - the_hash_algo->rawsz;
 		ref_depth = 1;
 	} else {
-		max_size = trg_entry->delta_size;
+		max_size = DELTA_SIZE(trg_entry);
 		ref_depth = trg->depth;
 	}
 	max_size = (uint64_t)max_size * (max_depth - src->depth) /
 						(max_depth - ref_depth + 1);
 	if (max_size == 0)
 		return 0;
-	src_size = src_entry->size;
+	src_size = SIZE(src_entry);
 	sizediff = src_size < trg_size ? trg_size - src_size : 0;
 	if (sizediff >= max_size)
 		return 0;
@@ -1628,26 +1989,27 @@ static int try_delta(struct unpacked *trg, struct unpacked *src,
 	/* Load data if not already done */
 	if (!trg->data) {
 		read_lock();
-		trg->data = read_sha1_file(trg_entry->idx.sha1, &type, &sz);
+		trg->data = read_object_file(&trg_entry->idx.oid, &type, &sz);
 		read_unlock();
 		if (!trg->data)
-			die("object %s cannot be read",
-			    sha1_to_hex(trg_entry->idx.sha1));
+			die(_("object %s cannot be read"),
+			    oid_to_hex(&trg_entry->idx.oid));
 		if (sz != trg_size)
-			die("object %s inconsistent object length (%lu vs %lu)",
-			    sha1_to_hex(trg_entry->idx.sha1), sz, trg_size);
+			die(_("object %s inconsistent object length (%lu vs %lu)"),
+			    oid_to_hex(&trg_entry->idx.oid), sz,
+			    trg_size);
 		*mem_usage += sz;
 	}
 	if (!src->data) {
 		read_lock();
-		src->data = read_sha1_file(src_entry->idx.sha1, &type, &sz);
+		src->data = read_object_file(&src_entry->idx.oid, &type, &sz);
 		read_unlock();
 		if (!src->data) {
 			if (src_entry->preferred_base) {
 				static int warned = 0;
 				if (!warned++)
-					warning("object %s cannot be read",
-						sha1_to_hex(src_entry->idx.sha1));
+					warning(_("object %s cannot be read"),
+						oid_to_hex(&src_entry->idx.oid));
 				/*
 				 * Those objects are not included in the
 				 * resulting pack.  Be resilient and ignore
@@ -1656,12 +2018,13 @@ static int try_delta(struct unpacked *trg, struct unpacked *src,
 				 */
 				return 0;
 			}
-			die("object %s cannot be read",
-			    sha1_to_hex(src_entry->idx.sha1));
+			die(_("object %s cannot be read"),
+			    oid_to_hex(&src_entry->idx.oid));
 		}
 		if (sz != src_size)
-			die("object %s inconsistent object length (%lu vs %lu)",
-			    sha1_to_hex(src_entry->idx.sha1), sz, src_size);
+			die(_("object %s inconsistent object length (%lu vs %lu)"),
+			    oid_to_hex(&src_entry->idx.oid), sz,
+			    src_size);
 		*mem_usage += sz;
 	}
 	if (!src->index) {
@@ -1669,7 +2032,7 @@ static int try_delta(struct unpacked *trg, struct unpacked *src,
 		if (!src->index) {
 			static int warned = 0;
 			if (!warned++)
-				warning("suboptimal pack - out of memory");
+				warning(_("suboptimal pack - out of memory"));
 			return 0;
 		}
 		*mem_usage += sizeof_delta_index(src->index);
@@ -1679,9 +2042,9 @@ static int try_delta(struct unpacked *trg, struct unpacked *src,
 	if (!delta_buf)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (trg_entry->delta) {
+	if (DELTA(trg_entry)) {
 		/* Prefer only shallower same-sized deltas. */
-		if (delta_size == trg_entry->delta_size &&
+		if (delta_size == DELTA_SIZE(trg_entry) &&
 		    src->depth + 1 >= trg->depth) {
 			free(delta_buf);
 			return 0;
@@ -1696,7 +2059,7 @@ static int try_delta(struct unpacked *trg, struct unpacked *src,
 	free(trg_entry->delta_data);
 	cache_lock();
 	if (trg_entry->delta_data) {
-		delta_cache_size -= trg_entry->delta_size;
+		delta_cache_size -= DELTA_SIZE(trg_entry);
 		trg_entry->delta_data = NULL;
 	}
 	if (delta_cacheable(src_size, trg_size, delta_size)) {
@@ -1708,8 +2071,8 @@ static int try_delta(struct unpacked *trg, struct unpacked *src,
 		free(delta_buf);
 	}
 
-	trg_entry->delta = src_entry;
-	trg_entry->delta_size = delta_size;
+	SET_DELTA(trg_entry, src_entry);
+	SET_DELTA_SIZE(trg_entry, delta_size);
 	trg->depth = src->depth + 1;
 
 	return 1;
@@ -1717,13 +2080,13 @@ static int try_delta(struct unpacked *trg, struct unpacked *src,
 
 static unsigned int check_delta_limit(struct object_entry *me, unsigned int n)
 {
-	struct object_entry *child = me->delta_child;
+	struct object_entry *child = DELTA_CHILD(me);
 	unsigned int m = n;
 	while (child) {
 		unsigned int c = check_delta_limit(child, n + 1);
 		if (m < c)
 			m = c;
-		child = child->delta_sibling;
+		child = DELTA_SIBLING(child);
 	}
 	return m;
 }
@@ -1734,9 +2097,8 @@ static unsigned long free_unpacked(struct unpacked *n)
 	free_delta_index(n->index);
 	n->index = NULL;
 	if (n->data) {
-		freed_mem += n->entry->size;
-		free(n->data);
-		n->data = NULL;
+		freed_mem += SIZE(n->entry);
+		FREE_AND_NULL(n->data);
 	}
 	n->entry = NULL;
 	n->depth = 0;
@@ -1793,7 +2155,7 @@ static void find_deltas(struct object_entry **list, unsigned *list_size,
 		 * otherwise they would become too deep.
 		 */
 		max_depth = depth;
-		if (entry->delta_child) {
+		if (DELTA_CHILD(entry)) {
 			max_depth -= check_delta_limit(entry, 0);
 			if (max_depth <= 0)
 				goto next;
@@ -1831,19 +2193,26 @@ static void find_deltas(struct object_entry **list, unsigned *list_size,
 		 * between writes at that moment.
 		 */
 		if (entry->delta_data && !pack_to_stdout) {
-			entry->z_delta_size = do_compress(&entry->delta_data,
-							  entry->delta_size);
-			cache_lock();
-			delta_cache_size -= entry->delta_size;
-			delta_cache_size += entry->z_delta_size;
-			cache_unlock();
+			unsigned long size;
+
+			size = do_compress(&entry->delta_data, DELTA_SIZE(entry));
+			if (size < (1U << OE_Z_DELTA_BITS)) {
+				entry->z_delta_size = size;
+				cache_lock();
+				delta_cache_size -= DELTA_SIZE(entry);
+				delta_cache_size += entry->z_delta_size;
+				cache_unlock();
+			} else {
+				FREE_AND_NULL(entry->delta_data);
+				entry->z_delta_size = 0;
+			}
 		}
 
 		/* if we made n a delta, and if n is already at max
 		 * depth, leaving it in the window is pointless.  we
 		 * should evict it first.
 		 */
-		if (entry->delta && max_depth <= n->depth)
+		if (DELTA(entry) && max_depth <= n->depth)
 			continue;
 
 		/*
@@ -1851,7 +2220,7 @@ static void find_deltas(struct object_entry **list, unsigned *list_size,
 		 * currently deltified object, to keep it longer.  It will
 		 * be the first base object to be attempted next.
 		 */
-		if (entry->delta) {
+		if (DELTA(entry)) {
 			struct unpacked swap = array[best_base];
 			int dist = (window + idx - best_base) % window;
 			int dst = best_base;
@@ -1890,12 +2259,19 @@ static void try_to_free_from_threads(size_t size)
 static try_to_free_t old_try_to_free_routine;
 
 /*
+ * The main object list is split into smaller lists, each is handed to
+ * one worker.
+ *
  * The main thread waits on the condition that (at least) one of the workers
  * has stopped working (which is indicated in the .working member of
  * struct thread_params).
+ *
  * When a work thread has completed its work, it sets .working to 0 and
  * signals the main thread and waits on the condition that .data_ready
  * becomes 1.
+ *
+ * The main thread steals half of the work from the worker that has
+ * most work left to hand it to the idle worker.
  */
 
 struct thread_params {
@@ -1923,6 +2299,7 @@ static void init_threaded_search(void)
 	pthread_mutex_init(&cache_mutex, NULL);
 	pthread_mutex_init(&progress_mutex, NULL);
 	pthread_cond_init(&progress_cond, NULL);
+	pthread_mutex_init(&to_pack.lock, NULL);
 	old_try_to_free_routine = set_try_to_free_routine(try_to_free_from_threads);
 }
 
@@ -1939,7 +2316,10 @@ static void *threaded_find_deltas(void *arg)
 {
 	struct thread_params *me = arg;
 
+	progress_lock();
 	while (me->remaining) {
+		progress_unlock();
+
 		find_deltas(me->list, &me->remaining,
 			    me->window, me->depth, me->processed);
 
@@ -1961,7 +2341,10 @@ static void *threaded_find_deltas(void *arg)
 			pthread_cond_wait(&me->cond, &me->mutex);
 		me->data_ready = 0;
 		pthread_mutex_unlock(&me->mutex);
+
+		progress_lock();
 	}
+	progress_unlock();
 	/* leave ->working 1 so that this doesn't get more work assigned */
 	return NULL;
 }
@@ -1980,8 +2363,8 @@ static void ll_find_deltas(struct object_entry **list, unsigned list_size,
 		return;
 	}
 	if (progress > pack_to_stdout)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Delta compression using up to %d threads.\n",
-				delta_search_threads);
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Delta compression using up to %d threads"),
+			   delta_search_threads);
 	p = xcalloc(delta_search_threads, sizeof(*p));
 
 	/* Partition the work amongst work threads. */
@@ -2021,7 +2404,7 @@ static void ll_find_deltas(struct object_entry **list, unsigned list_size,
 		ret = pthread_create(&p[i].thread, NULL,
 				     threaded_find_deltas, &p[i]);
 		if (ret)
-			die("unable to create thread: %s", strerror(ret));
+			die(_("unable to create thread: %s"), strerror(ret));
 		active_threads++;
 	}
 
@@ -2099,14 +2482,43 @@ static void ll_find_deltas(struct object_entry **list, unsigned list_size,
 #define ll_find_deltas(l, s, w, d, p)	find_deltas(l, &s, w, d, p)
 #endif
 
-static int add_ref_tag(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static void add_tag_chain(const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	struct tag *tag;
+
+	/*
+	 * We catch duplicates already in add_object_entry(), but we'd
+	 * prefer to do this extra check to avoid having to parse the
+	 * tag at all if we already know that it's being packed (e.g., if
+	 * it was included via bitmaps, we would not have parsed it
+	 * previously).
+	 */
+	if (packlist_find(&to_pack, oid->hash, NULL))
+		return;
+
+	tag = lookup_tag(the_repository, oid);
+	while (1) {
+		if (!tag || parse_tag(tag) || !tag->tagged)
+			die(_("unable to pack objects reachable from tag %s"),
+			    oid_to_hex(oid));
+
+		add_object_entry(&tag->object.oid, OBJ_TAG, NULL, 0);
+
+		if (tag->tagged->type != OBJ_TAG)
+			return;
+
+		tag = (struct tag *)tag->tagged;
+	}
+}
+
+static int add_ref_tag(const char *path, const struct object_id *oid, int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
-	unsigned char peeled[20];
+	struct object_id peeled;
 
 	if (starts_with(path, "refs/tags/") && /* is a tag? */
-	    !peel_ref(path, peeled)        && /* peelable? */
-	    packlist_find(&to_pack, peeled, NULL))      /* object packed? */
-		add_object_entry(sha1, OBJ_TAG, NULL, 0);
+	    !peel_ref(path, &peeled)    && /* peelable? */
+	    packlist_find(&to_pack, peeled.hash, NULL))      /* object packed? */
+		add_tag_chain(oid);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2131,19 +2543,20 @@ static void prepare_pack(int window, int depth)
 	if (!to_pack.nr_objects || !window || !depth)
 		return;
 
-	delta_list = xmalloc(to_pack.nr_objects * sizeof(*delta_list));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(delta_list, to_pack.nr_objects);
 	nr_deltas = n = 0;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < to_pack.nr_objects; i++) {
 		struct object_entry *entry = to_pack.objects + i;
 
-		if (entry->delta)
+		if (DELTA(entry))
 			/* This happens if we decided to reuse existing
 			 * delta from a pack.  "reuse_delta &&" is implied.
 			 */
 			continue;
 
-		if (entry->size < 50)
+		if (!entry->type_valid ||
+		    oe_size_less_than(&to_pack, entry, 50))
 			continue;
 
 		if (entry->no_try_delta)
@@ -2151,11 +2564,11 @@ static void prepare_pack(int window, int depth)
 
 		if (!entry->preferred_base) {
 			nr_deltas++;
-			if (entry->type < 0)
-				die("unable to get type of object %s",
-				    sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+			if (oe_type(entry) < 0)
+				die(_("unable to get type of object %s"),
+				    oid_to_hex(&entry->idx.oid));
 		} else {
-			if (entry->type < 0) {
+			if (oe_type(entry) < 0) {
 				/*
 				 * This object is not found, but we
 				 * don't have to include it anyway.
@@ -2172,11 +2585,11 @@ static void prepare_pack(int window, int depth)
 		if (progress)
 			progress_state = start_progress(_("Compressing objects"),
 							nr_deltas);
-		qsort(delta_list, n, sizeof(*delta_list), type_size_sort);
+		QSORT(delta_list, n, type_size_sort);
 		ll_find_deltas(delta_list, n, window+1, depth, &nr_done);
 		stop_progress(&progress_state);
 		if (nr_done != nr_deltas)
-			die("inconsistency with delta count");
+			die(_("inconsistency with delta count"));
 	}
 	free(delta_list);
 }
@@ -2195,16 +2608,6 @@ static int git_pack_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 		depth = git_config_int(k, v);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.compression")) {
-		int level = git_config_int(k, v);
-		if (level == -1)
-			level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
-		else if (level < 0 || level > Z_BEST_COMPRESSION)
-			die("bad pack compression level %d", level);
-		pack_compression_level = level;
-		pack_compression_seen = 1;
-		return 0;
-	}
 	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.deltacachesize")) {
 		max_delta_cache_size = git_config_int(k, v);
 		return 0;
@@ -2220,24 +2623,26 @@ static int git_pack_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 			write_bitmap_options &= ~BITMAP_OPT_HASH_CACHE;
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.usebitmaps")) {
-		use_bitmap_index = git_config_bool(k, v);
+		use_bitmap_index_default = git_config_bool(k, v);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.threads")) {
 		delta_search_threads = git_config_int(k, v);
 		if (delta_search_threads < 0)
-			die("invalid number of threads specified (%d)",
+			die(_("invalid number of threads specified (%d)"),
 			    delta_search_threads);
 #ifdef NO_PTHREADS
-		if (delta_search_threads != 1)
-			warning("no threads support, ignoring %s", k);
+		if (delta_search_threads != 1) {
+			warning(_("no threads support, ignoring %s"), k);
+			delta_search_threads = 0;
+		}
 #endif
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.indexversion")) {
 		pack_idx_opts.version = git_config_int(k, v);
 		if (pack_idx_opts.version > 2)
-			die("bad pack.indexversion=%"PRIu32,
+			die(_("bad pack.indexversion=%"PRIu32),
 			    pack_idx_opts.version);
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -2246,66 +2651,116 @@ static int git_pack_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 
 static void read_object_list_from_stdin(void)
 {
-	char line[40 + 1 + PATH_MAX + 2];
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	char line[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1 + PATH_MAX + 2];
+	struct object_id oid;
+	const char *p;
 
 	for (;;) {
 		if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin)) {
 			if (feof(stdin))
 				break;
 			if (!ferror(stdin))
-				die("fgets returned NULL, not EOF, not error!");
+				die("BUG: fgets returned NULL, not EOF, not error!");
 			if (errno != EINTR)
 				die_errno("fgets");
 			clearerr(stdin);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (line[0] == '-') {
-			if (get_sha1_hex(line+1, sha1))
-				die("expected edge sha1, got garbage:\n %s",
+			if (get_oid_hex(line+1, &oid))
+				die(_("expected edge object ID, got garbage:\n %s"),
 				    line);
-			add_preferred_base(sha1);
+			add_preferred_base(&oid);
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (get_sha1_hex(line, sha1))
-			die("expected sha1, got garbage:\n %s", line);
+		if (parse_oid_hex(line, &oid, &p))
+			die(_("expected object ID, got garbage:\n %s"), line);
 
-		add_preferred_base_object(line+41);
-		add_object_entry(sha1, 0, line+41, 0);
+		add_preferred_base_object(p + 1);
+		add_object_entry(&oid, OBJ_NONE, p + 1, 0);
 	}
 }
 
+/* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
 #define OBJECT_ADDED (1u<<20)
 
 static void show_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 {
-	add_object_entry(commit->object.sha1, OBJ_COMMIT, NULL, 0);
+	add_object_entry(&commit->object.oid, OBJ_COMMIT, NULL, 0);
 	commit->object.flags |= OBJECT_ADDED;
 
 	if (write_bitmap_index)
 		index_commit_for_bitmap(commit);
 }
 
-static void show_object(struct object *obj,
-			const struct name_path *path, const char *last,
-			void *data)
+static void show_object(struct object *obj, const char *name, void *data)
 {
-	char *name = path_name(path, last);
-
 	add_preferred_base_object(name);
-	add_object_entry(obj->sha1, obj->type, name, 0);
+	add_object_entry(&obj->oid, obj->type, name, 0);
 	obj->flags |= OBJECT_ADDED;
+}
+
+static void show_object__ma_allow_any(struct object *obj, const char *name, void *data)
+{
+	assert(arg_missing_action == MA_ALLOW_ANY);
+
+	/*
+	 * Quietly ignore ALL missing objects.  This avoids problems with
+	 * staging them now and getting an odd error later.
+	 */
+	if (!has_object_file(&obj->oid))
+		return;
+
+	show_object(obj, name, data);
+}
+
+static void show_object__ma_allow_promisor(struct object *obj, const char *name, void *data)
+{
+	assert(arg_missing_action == MA_ALLOW_PROMISOR);
 
 	/*
-	 * We will have generated the hash from the name,
-	 * but not saved a pointer to it - we can free it
+	 * Quietly ignore EXPECTED missing objects.  This avoids problems with
+	 * staging them now and getting an odd error later.
 	 */
-	free((char *)name);
+	if (!has_object_file(&obj->oid) && is_promisor_object(&obj->oid))
+		return;
+
+	show_object(obj, name, data);
+}
+
+static int option_parse_missing_action(const struct option *opt,
+				       const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	assert(arg);
+	assert(!unset);
+
+	if (!strcmp(arg, "error")) {
+		arg_missing_action = MA_ERROR;
+		fn_show_object = show_object;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(arg, "allow-any")) {
+		arg_missing_action = MA_ALLOW_ANY;
+		fetch_if_missing = 0;
+		fn_show_object = show_object__ma_allow_any;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(arg, "allow-promisor")) {
+		arg_missing_action = MA_ALLOW_PROMISOR;
+		fetch_if_missing = 0;
+		fn_show_object = show_object__ma_allow_promisor;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	die(_("invalid value for --missing"));
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static void show_edge(struct commit *commit)
 {
-	add_preferred_base(commit->object.sha1);
+	add_preferred_base(&commit->object.oid);
 }
 
 struct in_pack_object {
@@ -2314,14 +2769,14 @@ struct in_pack_object {
 };
 
 struct in_pack {
-	int alloc;
-	int nr;
+	unsigned int alloc;
+	unsigned int nr;
 	struct in_pack_object *array;
 };
 
 static void mark_in_pack_object(struct object *object, struct packed_git *p, struct in_pack *in_pack)
 {
-	in_pack->array[in_pack->nr].offset = find_pack_entry_one(object->sha1, p);
+	in_pack->array[in_pack->nr].offset = find_pack_entry_one(object->oid.hash, p);
 	in_pack->array[in_pack->nr].object = object;
 	in_pack->nr++;
 }
@@ -2340,7 +2795,7 @@ static int ofscmp(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 	else if (a->offset > b->offset)
 		return 1;
 	else
-		return hashcmp(a->object->sha1, b->object->sha1);
+		return oidcmp(&a->object->oid, &b->object->oid);
 }
 
 static void add_objects_in_unpacked_packs(struct rev_info *revs)
@@ -2351,22 +2806,22 @@ static void add_objects_in_unpacked_packs(struct rev_info *revs)
 
 	memset(&in_pack, 0, sizeof(in_pack));
 
-	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-		const unsigned char *sha1;
+	for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p; p = p->next) {
+		struct object_id oid;
 		struct object *o;
 
-		if (!p->pack_local || p->pack_keep)
+		if (!p->pack_local || p->pack_keep || p->pack_keep_in_core)
 			continue;
 		if (open_pack_index(p))
-			die("cannot open pack index");
+			die(_("cannot open pack index"));
 
 		ALLOC_GROW(in_pack.array,
 			   in_pack.nr + p->num_objects,
 			   in_pack.alloc);
 
 		for (i = 0; i < p->num_objects; i++) {
-			sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, i);
-			o = lookup_unknown_object(sha1);
+			nth_packed_object_oid(&oid, p, i);
+			o = lookup_unknown_object(oid.hash);
 			if (!(o->flags & OBJECT_ADDED))
 				mark_in_pack_object(o, p, &in_pack);
 			o->flags |= OBJECT_ADDED;
@@ -2374,31 +2829,58 @@ static void add_objects_in_unpacked_packs(struct rev_info *revs)
 	}
 
 	if (in_pack.nr) {
-		qsort(in_pack.array, in_pack.nr, sizeof(in_pack.array[0]),
-		      ofscmp);
+		QSORT(in_pack.array, in_pack.nr, ofscmp);
 		for (i = 0; i < in_pack.nr; i++) {
 			struct object *o = in_pack.array[i].object;
-			add_object_entry(o->sha1, o->type, "", 0);
+			add_object_entry(&o->oid, o->type, "", 0);
 		}
 	}
 	free(in_pack.array);
 }
 
-static int has_sha1_pack_kept_or_nonlocal(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static int add_loose_object(const struct object_id *oid, const char *path,
+			    void *data)
+{
+	enum object_type type = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
+
+	if (type < 0) {
+		warning(_("loose object at %s could not be examined"), path);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	add_object_entry(oid, type, "", 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We actually don't even have to worry about reachability here.
+ * add_object_entry will weed out duplicates, so we just add every
+ * loose object we find.
+ */
+static void add_unreachable_loose_objects(void)
+{
+	for_each_loose_file_in_objdir(get_object_directory(),
+				      add_loose_object,
+				      NULL, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+static int has_sha1_pack_kept_or_nonlocal(const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	static struct packed_git *last_found = (void *)1;
 	struct packed_git *p;
 
-	p = (last_found != (void *)1) ? last_found : packed_git;
+	p = (last_found != (void *)1) ? last_found :
+					get_packed_git(the_repository);
 
 	while (p) {
-		if ((!p->pack_local || p->pack_keep) &&
-			find_pack_entry_one(sha1, p)) {
+		if ((!p->pack_local || p->pack_keep ||
+				p->pack_keep_in_core) &&
+			find_pack_entry_one(oid->hash, p)) {
 			last_found = p;
 			return 1;
 		}
 		if (p == last_found)
-			p = packed_git;
+			p = get_packed_git(the_repository);
 		else
 			p = p->next;
 		if (p == last_found)
@@ -2414,16 +2896,16 @@ static int has_sha1_pack_kept_or_nonlocal(const unsigned char *sha1)
  *
  * This is filled by get_object_list.
  */
-static struct sha1_array recent_objects;
+static struct oid_array recent_objects;
 
-static int loosened_object_can_be_discarded(const unsigned char *sha1,
-					    unsigned long mtime)
+static int loosened_object_can_be_discarded(const struct object_id *oid,
+					    timestamp_t mtime)
 {
 	if (!unpack_unreachable_expiration)
 		return 0;
 	if (mtime > unpack_unreachable_expiration)
 		return 0;
-	if (sha1_array_lookup(&recent_objects, sha1) >= 0)
+	if (oid_array_lookup(&recent_objects, oid) >= 0)
 		return 0;
 	return 1;
 }
@@ -2432,43 +2914,50 @@ static void loosen_unused_packed_objects(struct rev_info *revs)
 {
 	struct packed_git *p;
 	uint32_t i;
-	const unsigned char *sha1;
+	struct object_id oid;
 
-	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-		if (!p->pack_local || p->pack_keep)
+	for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p; p = p->next) {
+		if (!p->pack_local || p->pack_keep || p->pack_keep_in_core)
 			continue;
 
 		if (open_pack_index(p))
-			die("cannot open pack index");
+			die(_("cannot open pack index"));
 
 		for (i = 0; i < p->num_objects; i++) {
-			sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, i);
-			if (!packlist_find(&to_pack, sha1, NULL) &&
-			    !has_sha1_pack_kept_or_nonlocal(sha1) &&
-			    !loosened_object_can_be_discarded(sha1, p->mtime))
-				if (force_object_loose(sha1, p->mtime))
-					die("unable to force loose object");
+			nth_packed_object_oid(&oid, p, i);
+			if (!packlist_find(&to_pack, oid.hash, NULL) &&
+			    !has_sha1_pack_kept_or_nonlocal(&oid) &&
+			    !loosened_object_can_be_discarded(&oid, p->mtime))
+				if (force_object_loose(&oid, p->mtime))
+					die(_("unable to force loose object"));
 		}
 	}
 }
 
 /*
- * This tracks any options which a reader of the pack might
- * not understand, and which would therefore prevent blind reuse
- * of what we have on disk.
+ * This tracks any options which pack-reuse code expects to be on, or which a
+ * reader of the pack might not understand, and which would therefore prevent
+ * blind reuse of what we have on disk.
  */
 static int pack_options_allow_reuse(void)
 {
-	return allow_ofs_delta;
+	return pack_to_stdout &&
+	       allow_ofs_delta &&
+	       !ignore_packed_keep_on_disk &&
+	       !ignore_packed_keep_in_core &&
+	       (!local || !have_non_local_packs) &&
+	       !incremental;
 }
 
 static int get_object_list_from_bitmap(struct rev_info *revs)
 {
-	if (prepare_bitmap_walk(revs) < 0)
+	struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git;
+	if (!(bitmap_git = prepare_bitmap_walk(revs)))
 		return -1;
 
 	if (pack_options_allow_reuse() &&
 	    !reuse_partial_packfile_from_bitmap(
+			bitmap_git,
 			&reuse_packfile,
 			&reuse_packfile_objects,
 			&reuse_packfile_offset)) {
@@ -2477,21 +2966,21 @@ static int get_object_list_from_bitmap(struct rev_info *revs)
 		display_progress(progress_state, nr_result);
 	}
 
-	traverse_bitmap_commit_list(&add_object_entry_from_bitmap);
+	traverse_bitmap_commit_list(bitmap_git, &add_object_entry_from_bitmap);
+	free_bitmap_index(bitmap_git);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static void record_recent_object(struct object *obj,
-				 const struct name_path *path,
-				 const char *last,
+				 const char *name,
 				 void *data)
 {
-	sha1_array_append(&recent_objects, obj->sha1);
+	oid_array_append(&recent_objects, &obj->oid);
 }
 
 static void record_recent_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 {
-	sha1_array_append(&recent_objects, commit->object.sha1);
+	oid_array_append(&recent_objects, &commit->object.oid);
 }
 
 static void get_object_list(int ac, const char **av)
@@ -2505,7 +2994,7 @@ static void get_object_list(int ac, const char **av)
 	setup_revisions(ac, av, &revs, NULL);
 
 	/* make sure shallows are read */
-	is_repository_shallow();
+	is_repository_shallow(the_repository);
 
 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin) != NULL) {
 		int len = strlen(line);
@@ -2520,44 +3009,77 @@ static void get_object_list(int ac, const char **av)
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (starts_with(line, "--shallow ")) {
-				unsigned char sha1[20];
-				if (get_sha1_hex(line + 10, sha1))
+				struct object_id oid;
+				if (get_oid_hex(line + 10, &oid))
 					die("not an SHA-1 '%s'", line + 10);
-				register_shallow(sha1);
+				register_shallow(the_repository, &oid);
 				use_bitmap_index = 0;
 				continue;
 			}
-			die("not a rev '%s'", line);
+			die(_("not a rev '%s'"), line);
 		}
 		if (handle_revision_arg(line, &revs, flags, REVARG_CANNOT_BE_FILENAME))
-			die("bad revision '%s'", line);
+			die(_("bad revision '%s'"), line);
 	}
 
 	if (use_bitmap_index && !get_object_list_from_bitmap(&revs))
 		return;
 
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
-		die("revision walk setup failed");
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 	mark_edges_uninteresting(&revs, show_edge);
-	traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, show_object, NULL);
+
+	if (!fn_show_object)
+		fn_show_object = show_object;
+	traverse_commit_list_filtered(&filter_options, &revs,
+				      show_commit, fn_show_object, NULL,
+				      NULL);
 
 	if (unpack_unreachable_expiration) {
 		revs.ignore_missing_links = 1;
 		if (add_unseen_recent_objects_to_traversal(&revs,
 				unpack_unreachable_expiration))
-			die("unable to add recent objects");
+			die(_("unable to add recent objects"));
 		if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
-			die("revision walk setup failed");
+			die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 		traverse_commit_list(&revs, record_recent_commit,
 				     record_recent_object, NULL);
 	}
 
 	if (keep_unreachable)
 		add_objects_in_unpacked_packs(&revs);
+	if (pack_loose_unreachable)
+		add_unreachable_loose_objects();
 	if (unpack_unreachable)
 		loosen_unused_packed_objects(&revs);
 
-	sha1_array_clear(&recent_objects);
+	oid_array_clear(&recent_objects);
+}
+
+static void add_extra_kept_packs(const struct string_list *names)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p;
+
+	if (!names->nr)
+		return;
+
+	for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p; p = p->next) {
+		const char *name = basename(p->pack_name);
+		int i;
+
+		if (!p->pack_local)
+			continue;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < names->nr; i++)
+			if (!fspathcmp(name, names->items[i].string))
+				break;
+
+		if (i < names->nr) {
+			p->pack_keep_in_core = 1;
+			ignore_packed_keep_in_core = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 static int option_parse_index_version(const struct option *opt,
@@ -2590,23 +3112,6 @@ static int option_parse_unpack_unreachable(const struct option *opt,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int option_parse_ulong(const struct option *opt,
-			      const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	if (unset)
-		die(_("option %s does not accept negative form"),
-		    opt->long_name);
-
-	if (!git_parse_ulong(arg, opt->value))
-		die(_("unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"),
-		    arg, opt->long_name);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-#define OPT_ULONG(s, l, v, h) \
-	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), "n", (h),	\
-	  PARSE_OPT_NONEG, option_parse_ulong }
-
 int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int use_internal_rev_list = 0;
@@ -2616,6 +3121,7 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct argv_array rp = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 	int rev_list_unpacked = 0, rev_list_all = 0, rev_list_reflog = 0;
 	int rev_list_index = 0;
+	struct string_list keep_pack_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	struct option pack_objects_options[] = {
 		OPT_SET_INT('q', "quiet", &progress,
 			    N_("do not show progress meter"), 0),
@@ -2626,19 +3132,19 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "all-progress-implied",
 			 &all_progress_implied,
 			 N_("similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown")),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "index-version", NULL, N_("version[,offset]"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "index-version", NULL, N_("<version>[,<offset>]"),
 		  N_("write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"),
 		  0, option_parse_index_version },
-		OPT_ULONG(0, "max-pack-size", &pack_size_limit,
-			  N_("maximum size of each output pack file")),
+		OPT_MAGNITUDE(0, "max-pack-size", &pack_size_limit,
+			      N_("maximum size of each output pack file")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "local", &local,
 			 N_("ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "incremental", &incremental,
 			 N_("ignore packed objects")),
 		OPT_INTEGER(0, "window", &window,
 			    N_("limit pack window by objects")),
-		OPT_ULONG(0, "window-memory", &window_memory_limit,
-			  N_("limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit")),
+		OPT_MAGNITUDE(0, "window-memory", &window_memory_limit,
+			      N_("limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit")),
 		OPT_INTEGER(0, "depth", &depth,
 			    N_("maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "reuse-delta", &reuse_delta,
@@ -2653,24 +3159,26 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			 N_("do not create an empty pack output")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "revs", &use_internal_rev_list,
 			 N_("read revision arguments from standard input")),
-		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "unpacked", &rev_list_unpacked, NULL,
-		  N_("limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"),
-		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, 1 },
-		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "all", &rev_list_all, NULL,
-		  N_("include objects reachable from any reference"),
-		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, 1 },
-		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "reflog", &rev_list_reflog, NULL,
-		  N_("include objects referred by reflog entries"),
-		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, 1 },
-		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "indexed-objects", &rev_list_index, NULL,
-		  N_("include objects referred to by the index"),
-		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, 1 },
+		OPT_SET_INT_F(0, "unpacked", &rev_list_unpacked,
+			      N_("limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"),
+			      1, PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
+		OPT_SET_INT_F(0, "all", &rev_list_all,
+			      N_("include objects reachable from any reference"),
+			      1, PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
+		OPT_SET_INT_F(0, "reflog", &rev_list_reflog,
+			      N_("include objects referred by reflog entries"),
+			      1, PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
+		OPT_SET_INT_F(0, "indexed-objects", &rev_list_index,
+			      N_("include objects referred to by the index"),
+			      1, PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "stdout", &pack_to_stdout,
 			 N_("output pack to stdout")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "include-tag", &include_tag,
 			 N_("include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "keep-unreachable", &keep_unreachable,
 			 N_("keep unreachable objects")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "pack-loose-unreachable", &pack_loose_unreachable,
+			 N_("pack loose unreachable objects")),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "unpack-unreachable", NULL, N_("time"),
 		  N_("unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, option_parse_unpack_unreachable },
@@ -2678,8 +3186,10 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			 N_("create thin packs")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "shallow", &shallow,
 			 N_("create packs suitable for shallow fetches")),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "honor-pack-keep", &ignore_packed_keep,
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "honor-pack-keep", &ignore_packed_keep_on_disk,
 			 N_("ignore packs that have companion .keep file")),
+		OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "keep-pack", &keep_pack_list, N_("name"),
+				N_("ignore this pack")),
 		OPT_INTEGER(0, "compression", &pack_compression_level,
 			    N_("pack compression level")),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "keep-true-parents", &grafts_replace_parents,
@@ -2688,15 +3198,22 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			 N_("use a bitmap index if available to speed up counting objects")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "write-bitmap-index", &write_bitmap_index,
 			 N_("write a bitmap index together with the pack index")),
+		OPT_PARSE_LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER(&filter_options),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "missing", NULL, N_("action"),
+		  N_("handling for missing objects"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+		  option_parse_missing_action },
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "exclude-promisor-objects", &exclude_promisor_objects,
+			 N_("do not pack objects in promisor packfiles")),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
-	check_replace_refs = 0;
+	if (DFS_NUM_STATES > (1 << OE_DFS_STATE_BITS))
+		BUG("too many dfs states, increase OE_DFS_STATE_BITS");
+
+	read_replace_refs = 0;
 
 	reset_pack_idx_option(&pack_idx_opts);
 	git_config(git_pack_config, NULL);
-	if (!pack_compression_seen && core_compression_seen)
-		pack_compression_level = core_compression_level;
 
 	progress = isatty(2);
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, pack_objects_options,
@@ -2709,6 +3226,17 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (pack_to_stdout != !base_name || argc)
 		usage_with_options(pack_usage, pack_objects_options);
 
+	if (depth >= (1 << OE_DEPTH_BITS)) {
+		warning(_("delta chain depth %d is too deep, forcing %d"),
+			depth, (1 << OE_DEPTH_BITS) - 1);
+		depth = (1 << OE_DEPTH_BITS) - 1;
+	}
+	if (cache_max_small_delta_size >= (1U << OE_Z_DELTA_BITS)) {
+		warning(_("pack.deltaCacheLimit is too high, forcing %d"),
+			(1U << OE_Z_DELTA_BITS) - 1);
+		cache_max_small_delta_size = (1U << OE_Z_DELTA_BITS) - 1;
+	}
+
 	argv_array_push(&rp, "pack-objects");
 	if (thin) {
 		use_internal_rev_list = 1;
@@ -2735,38 +3263,68 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		argv_array_push(&rp, "--unpacked");
 	}
 
+	if (exclude_promisor_objects) {
+		use_internal_rev_list = 1;
+		fetch_if_missing = 0;
+		argv_array_push(&rp, "--exclude-promisor-objects");
+	}
+	if (unpack_unreachable || keep_unreachable || pack_loose_unreachable)
+		use_internal_rev_list = 1;
+
 	if (!reuse_object)
 		reuse_delta = 0;
 	if (pack_compression_level == -1)
 		pack_compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
 	else if (pack_compression_level < 0 || pack_compression_level > Z_BEST_COMPRESSION)
-		die("bad pack compression level %d", pack_compression_level);
+		die(_("bad pack compression level %d"), pack_compression_level);
 
 	if (!delta_search_threads)	/* --threads=0 means autodetect */
 		delta_search_threads = online_cpus();
 
 #ifdef NO_PTHREADS
 	if (delta_search_threads != 1)
-		warning("no threads support, ignoring --threads");
+		warning(_("no threads support, ignoring --threads"));
 #endif
 	if (!pack_to_stdout && !pack_size_limit)
 		pack_size_limit = pack_size_limit_cfg;
 	if (pack_to_stdout && pack_size_limit)
-		die("--max-pack-size cannot be used to build a pack for transfer.");
+		die(_("--max-pack-size cannot be used to build a pack for transfer"));
 	if (pack_size_limit && pack_size_limit < 1024*1024) {
-		warning("minimum pack size limit is 1 MiB");
+		warning(_("minimum pack size limit is 1 MiB"));
 		pack_size_limit = 1024*1024;
 	}
 
 	if (!pack_to_stdout && thin)
-		die("--thin cannot be used to build an indexable pack.");
+		die(_("--thin cannot be used to build an indexable pack"));
 
 	if (keep_unreachable && unpack_unreachable)
-		die("--keep-unreachable and --unpack-unreachable are incompatible.");
+		die(_("--keep-unreachable and --unpack-unreachable are incompatible"));
 	if (!rev_list_all || !rev_list_reflog || !rev_list_index)
 		unpack_unreachable_expiration = 0;
 
-	if (!use_internal_rev_list || !pack_to_stdout || is_repository_shallow())
+	if (filter_options.choice) {
+		if (!pack_to_stdout)
+			die(_("cannot use --filter without --stdout"));
+		use_bitmap_index = 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * "soft" reasons not to use bitmaps - for on-disk repack by default we want
+	 *
+	 * - to produce good pack (with bitmap index not-yet-packed objects are
+	 *   packed in suboptimal order).
+	 *
+	 * - to use more robust pack-generation codepath (avoiding possible
+	 *   bugs in bitmap code and possible bitmap index corruption).
+	 */
+	if (!pack_to_stdout)
+		use_bitmap_index_default = 0;
+
+	if (use_bitmap_index < 0)
+		use_bitmap_index = use_bitmap_index_default;
+
+	/* "hard" reasons not to use bitmaps; these just won't work at all */
+	if (!use_internal_rev_list || (!pack_to_stdout && write_bitmap_index) || is_repository_shallow(the_repository))
 		use_bitmap_index = 0;
 
 	if (pack_to_stdout || !rev_list_all)
@@ -2775,10 +3333,34 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (progress && all_progress_implied)
 		progress = 2;
 
-	prepare_packed_git();
+	add_extra_kept_packs(&keep_pack_list);
+	if (ignore_packed_keep_on_disk) {
+		struct packed_git *p;
+		for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p; p = p->next)
+			if (p->pack_local && p->pack_keep)
+				break;
+		if (!p) /* no keep-able packs found */
+			ignore_packed_keep_on_disk = 0;
+	}
+	if (local) {
+		/*
+		 * unlike ignore_packed_keep_on_disk above, we do not
+		 * want to unset "local" based on looking at packs, as
+		 * it also covers non-local objects
+		 */
+		struct packed_git *p;
+		for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p; p = p->next) {
+			if (!p->pack_local) {
+				have_non_local_packs = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	prepare_packing_data(&to_pack);
 
 	if (progress)
-		progress_state = start_progress(_("Counting objects"), 0);
+		progress_state = start_progress(_("Enumerating objects"), 0);
 	if (!use_internal_rev_list)
 		read_object_list_from_stdin();
 	else {
@@ -2796,8 +3378,9 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		prepare_pack(window, depth);
 	write_pack_file();
 	if (progress)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Total %"PRIu32" (delta %"PRIu32"),"
-			" reused %"PRIu32" (delta %"PRIu32")\n",
-			written, written_delta, reused, reused_delta);
+		fprintf_ln(stderr,
+			   _("Total %"PRIu32" (delta %"PRIu32"),"
+			     " reused %"PRIu32" (delta %"PRIu32")"),
+			   written, written_delta, reused, reused_delta);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/pack-redundant.c b/builtin/pack-redundant.c
index d0532f66b1..0494dceff7 100644
--- a/builtin/pack-redundant.c
+++ b/builtin/pack-redundant.c
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@
 */
 
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 #define BLKSIZE 512
 
@@ -17,7 +20,7 @@ static int load_all_packs, verbose, alt_odb;
 
 struct llist_item {
 	struct llist_item *next;
-	const unsigned char *sha1;
+	const struct object_id *oid;
 };
 static struct llist {
 	struct llist_item *front;
@@ -47,17 +50,17 @@ static inline void llist_item_put(struct llist_item *item)
 
 static inline struct llist_item *llist_item_get(void)
 {
-	struct llist_item *new;
+	struct llist_item *new_item;
 	if ( free_nodes ) {
-		new = free_nodes;
+		new_item = free_nodes;
 		free_nodes = free_nodes->next;
 	} else {
 		int i = 1;
-		new = xmalloc(sizeof(struct llist_item) * BLKSIZE);
+		ALLOC_ARRAY(new_item, BLKSIZE);
 		for (; i < BLKSIZE; i++)
-			llist_item_put(&new[i]);
+			llist_item_put(&new_item[i]);
 	}
-	return new;
+	return new_item;
 }
 
 static void llist_free(struct llist *list)
@@ -79,70 +82,70 @@ static inline void llist_init(struct llist **list)
 static struct llist * llist_copy(struct llist *list)
 {
 	struct llist *ret;
-	struct llist_item *new, *old, *prev;
+	struct llist_item *new_item, *old_item, *prev;
 
 	llist_init(&ret);
 
 	if ((ret->size = list->size) == 0)
 		return ret;
 
-	new = ret->front = llist_item_get();
-	new->sha1 = list->front->sha1;
+	new_item = ret->front = llist_item_get();
+	new_item->oid = list->front->oid;
 
-	old = list->front->next;
-	while (old) {
-		prev = new;
-		new = llist_item_get();
-		prev->next = new;
-		new->sha1 = old->sha1;
-		old = old->next;
+	old_item = list->front->next;
+	while (old_item) {
+		prev = new_item;
+		new_item = llist_item_get();
+		prev->next = new_item;
+		new_item->oid = old_item->oid;
+		old_item = old_item->next;
 	}
-	new->next = NULL;
-	ret->back = new;
+	new_item->next = NULL;
+	ret->back = new_item;
 
 	return ret;
 }
 
 static inline struct llist_item *llist_insert(struct llist *list,
 					      struct llist_item *after,
-					       const unsigned char *sha1)
+					      const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	struct llist_item *new = llist_item_get();
-	new->sha1 = sha1;
-	new->next = NULL;
+	struct llist_item *new_item = llist_item_get();
+	new_item->oid = oid;
+	new_item->next = NULL;
 
 	if (after != NULL) {
-		new->next = after->next;
-		after->next = new;
+		new_item->next = after->next;
+		after->next = new_item;
 		if (after == list->back)
-			list->back = new;
+			list->back = new_item;
 	} else {/* insert in front */
 		if (list->size == 0)
-			list->back = new;
+			list->back = new_item;
 		else
-			new->next = list->front;
-		list->front = new;
+			new_item->next = list->front;
+		list->front = new_item;
 	}
 	list->size++;
-	return new;
+	return new_item;
 }
 
 static inline struct llist_item *llist_insert_back(struct llist *list,
-						   const unsigned char *sha1)
+						   const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	return llist_insert(list, list->back, sha1);
+	return llist_insert(list, list->back, oid);
 }
 
 static inline struct llist_item *llist_insert_sorted_unique(struct llist *list,
-			const unsigned char *sha1, struct llist_item *hint)
+			const struct object_id *oid, struct llist_item *hint)
 {
 	struct llist_item *prev = NULL, *l;
 
 	l = (hint == NULL) ? list->front : hint;
 	while (l) {
-		int cmp = hashcmp(l->sha1, sha1);
+		int cmp = oidcmp(l->oid, oid);
 		if (cmp > 0) { /* we insert before this entry */
-			return llist_insert(list, prev, sha1);
+			return llist_insert(list, prev, oid);
 		}
 		if (!cmp) { /* already exists */
 			return l;
@@ -151,11 +154,11 @@ static inline struct llist_item *llist_insert_sorted_unique(struct llist *list,
 		l = l->next;
 	}
 	/* insert at the end */
-	return llist_insert_back(list, sha1);
+	return llist_insert_back(list, oid);
 }
 
 /* returns a pointer to an item in front of sha1 */
-static inline struct llist_item * llist_sorted_remove(struct llist *list, const unsigned char *sha1, struct llist_item *hint)
+static inline struct llist_item * llist_sorted_remove(struct llist *list, const struct object_id *oid, struct llist_item *hint)
 {
 	struct llist_item *prev, *l;
 
@@ -163,7 +166,7 @@ redo_from_start:
 	l = (hint == NULL) ? list->front : hint;
 	prev = NULL;
 	while (l) {
-		int cmp = hashcmp(l->sha1, sha1);
+		int cmp = oidcmp(l->oid, oid);
 		if (cmp > 0) /* not in list, since sorted */
 			return prev;
 		if (!cmp) { /* found */
@@ -198,7 +201,7 @@ static void llist_sorted_difference_inplace(struct llist *A,
 	b = B->front;
 
 	while (b) {
-		hint = llist_sorted_remove(A, b->sha1, hint);
+		hint = llist_sorted_remove(A, b->oid, hint);
 		b = b->next;
 	}
 }
@@ -249,13 +252,14 @@ static void cmp_two_packs(struct pack_list *p1, struct pack_list *p2)
 	unsigned long p1_off = 0, p2_off = 0, p1_step, p2_step;
 	const unsigned char *p1_base, *p2_base;
 	struct llist_item *p1_hint = NULL, *p2_hint = NULL;
+	const unsigned int hashsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
 
 	p1_base = p1->pack->index_data;
 	p2_base = p2->pack->index_data;
 	p1_base += 256 * 4 + ((p1->pack->index_version < 2) ? 4 : 8);
 	p2_base += 256 * 4 + ((p2->pack->index_version < 2) ? 4 : 8);
-	p1_step = (p1->pack->index_version < 2) ? 24 : 20;
-	p2_step = (p2->pack->index_version < 2) ? 24 : 20;
+	p1_step = hashsz + ((p1->pack->index_version < 2) ? 4 : 0);
+	p2_step = hashsz + ((p2->pack->index_version < 2) ? 4 : 0);
 
 	while (p1_off < p1->pack->num_objects * p1_step &&
 	       p2_off < p2->pack->num_objects * p2_step)
@@ -264,9 +268,11 @@ static void cmp_two_packs(struct pack_list *p1, struct pack_list *p2)
 		/* cmp ~ p1 - p2 */
 		if (cmp == 0) {
 			p1_hint = llist_sorted_remove(p1->unique_objects,
-					p1_base + p1_off, p1_hint);
+					(const struct object_id *)(p1_base + p1_off),
+					p1_hint);
 			p2_hint = llist_sorted_remove(p2->unique_objects,
-					p1_base + p1_off, p2_hint);
+					(const struct object_id *)(p1_base + p1_off),
+					p2_hint);
 			p1_off += p1_step;
 			p2_off += p2_step;
 			continue;
@@ -356,13 +362,14 @@ static size_t sizeof_union(struct packed_git *p1, struct packed_git *p2)
 	size_t ret = 0;
 	unsigned long p1_off = 0, p2_off = 0, p1_step, p2_step;
 	const unsigned char *p1_base, *p2_base;
+	const unsigned int hashsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
 
 	p1_base = p1->index_data;
 	p2_base = p2->index_data;
 	p1_base += 256 * 4 + ((p1->index_version < 2) ? 4 : 8);
 	p2_base += 256 * 4 + ((p2->index_version < 2) ? 4 : 8);
-	p1_step = (p1->index_version < 2) ? 24 : 20;
-	p2_step = (p2->index_version < 2) ? 24 : 20;
+	p1_step = hashsz + ((p1->index_version < 2) ? 4 : 0);
+	p2_step = hashsz + ((p2->index_version < 2) ? 4 : 0);
 
 	while (p1_off < p1->num_objects * p1_step &&
 	       p2_off < p2->num_objects * p2_step)
@@ -442,6 +449,7 @@ static void minimize(struct pack_list **min)
 	/* return if there are no objects missing from the unique set */
 	if (missing->size == 0) {
 		*min = unique;
+		free(missing);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -495,7 +503,7 @@ static void load_all_objects(void)
 		l = pl->all_objects->front;
 		while (l) {
 			hint = llist_insert_sorted_unique(all_objects,
-							  l->sha1, hint);
+							  l->oid, hint);
 			l = l->next;
 		}
 		pl = pl->next;
@@ -554,9 +562,9 @@ static struct pack_list * add_pack(struct packed_git *p)
 
 	base = p->index_data;
 	base += 256 * 4 + ((p->index_version < 2) ? 4 : 8);
-	step = (p->index_version < 2) ? 24 : 20;
+	step = the_hash_algo->rawsz + ((p->index_version < 2) ? 4 : 0);
 	while (off < p->num_objects * step) {
-		llist_insert_back(l.all_objects, base + off);
+		llist_insert_back(l.all_objects, (const struct object_id *)(base + off));
 		off += step;
 	}
 	/* this list will be pruned in cmp_two_packs later */
@@ -569,7 +577,7 @@ static struct pack_list * add_pack(struct packed_git *p)
 
 static struct pack_list * add_pack_file(const char *filename)
 {
-	struct packed_git *p = packed_git;
+	struct packed_git *p = get_packed_git(the_repository);
 
 	if (strlen(filename) < 40)
 		die("Bad pack filename: %s", filename);
@@ -584,7 +592,7 @@ static struct pack_list * add_pack_file(const char *filename)
 
 static void load_all(void)
 {
-	struct packed_git *p = packed_git;
+	struct packed_git *p = get_packed_git(the_repository);
 
 	while (p) {
 		add_pack(p);
@@ -597,8 +605,8 @@ int cmd_pack_redundant(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int i;
 	struct pack_list *min, *red, *pl;
 	struct llist *ignore;
-	unsigned char *sha1;
-	char buf[42]; /* 40 byte sha1 + \n + \0 */
+	struct object_id *oid;
+	char buf[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 2]; /* hex hash + \n + \0 */
 
 	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 		usage(pack_redundant_usage);
@@ -627,8 +635,6 @@ int cmd_pack_redundant(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			break;
 	}
 
-	prepare_packed_git();
-
 	if (load_all_packs)
 		load_all();
 	else
@@ -648,10 +654,10 @@ int cmd_pack_redundant(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	llist_init(&ignore);
 	if (!isatty(0)) {
 		while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin)) {
-			sha1 = xmalloc(20);
-			if (get_sha1_hex(buf, sha1))
-				die("Bad sha1 on stdin: %s", buf);
-			llist_insert_sorted_unique(ignore, sha1, NULL);
+			oid = xmalloc(sizeof(*oid));
+			if (get_oid_hex(buf, oid))
+				die("Bad object ID on stdin: %s", buf);
+			llist_insert_sorted_unique(ignore, oid, NULL);
 		}
 	}
 	llist_sorted_difference_inplace(all_objects, ignore);
diff --git a/builtin/pack-refs.c b/builtin/pack-refs.c
index 39f9a55d16..f3353564f9 100644
--- a/builtin/pack-refs.c
+++ b/builtin/pack-refs.c
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 
 static char const * const pack_refs_usage[] = {
 	N_("git pack-refs [<options>]"),
@@ -17,5 +18,5 @@ int cmd_pack_refs(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	};
 	if (parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, opts, pack_refs_usage, 0))
 		usage_with_options(pack_refs_usage, opts);
-	return pack_refs(flags);
+	return refs_pack_refs(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), flags);
 }
diff --git a/builtin/patch-id.c b/builtin/patch-id.c
index 77db8739b5..970d0d30b4 100644
--- a/builtin/patch-id.c
+++ b/builtin/patch-id.c
@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
 
-static void flush_current_id(int patchlen, unsigned char *id, unsigned char *result)
+static void flush_current_id(int patchlen, struct object_id *id, struct object_id *result)
 {
 	char name[50];
 
 	if (!patchlen)
 		return;
 
-	memcpy(name, sha1_to_hex(id), 41);
-	printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(result), name);
+	memcpy(name, oid_to_hex(id), GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1);
+	printf("%s %s\n", oid_to_hex(result), name);
 }
 
 static int remove_space(char *line)
@@ -53,23 +54,23 @@ static int scan_hunk_header(const char *p, int *p_before, int *p_after)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static void flush_one_hunk(unsigned char *result, git_SHA_CTX *ctx)
+static void flush_one_hunk(struct object_id *result, git_SHA_CTX *ctx)
 {
-	unsigned char hash[20];
+	unsigned char hash[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
 	unsigned short carry = 0;
 	int i;
 
 	git_SHA1_Final(hash, ctx);
 	git_SHA1_Init(ctx);
 	/* 20-byte sum, with carry */
-	for (i = 0; i < 20; ++i) {
-		carry += result[i] + hash[i];
-		result[i] = carry;
+	for (i = 0; i < GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ; ++i) {
+		carry += result->hash[i] + hash[i];
+		result->hash[i] = carry;
 		carry >>= 8;
 	}
 }
 
-static int get_one_patchid(unsigned char *next_sha1, unsigned char *result,
+static int get_one_patchid(struct object_id *next_oid, struct object_id *result,
 			   struct strbuf *line_buf, int stable)
 {
 	int patchlen = 0, found_next = 0;
@@ -77,36 +78,33 @@ static int get_one_patchid(unsigned char *next_sha1, unsigned char *result,
 	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
 
 	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
-	hashclr(result);
+	oidclr(result);
 
 	while (strbuf_getwholeline(line_buf, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
 		char *line = line_buf->buf;
-		char *p = line;
+		const char *p = line;
 		int len;
 
-		if (!memcmp(line, "diff-tree ", 10))
-			p += 10;
-		else if (!memcmp(line, "commit ", 7))
-			p += 7;
-		else if (!memcmp(line, "From ", 5))
-			p += 5;
-		else if (!memcmp(line, "\\ ", 2) && 12 < strlen(line))
+		if (!skip_prefix(line, "diff-tree ", &p) &&
+		    !skip_prefix(line, "commit ", &p) &&
+		    !skip_prefix(line, "From ", &p) &&
+		    starts_with(line, "\\ ") && 12 < strlen(line))
 			continue;
 
-		if (!get_sha1_hex(p, next_sha1)) {
+		if (!get_oid_hex(p, next_oid)) {
 			found_next = 1;
 			break;
 		}
 
 		/* Ignore commit comments */
-		if (!patchlen && memcmp(line, "diff ", 5))
+		if (!patchlen && !starts_with(line, "diff "))
 			continue;
 
 		/* Parsing diff header?  */
 		if (before == -1) {
-			if (!memcmp(line, "index ", 6))
+			if (starts_with(line, "index "))
 				continue;
-			else if (!memcmp(line, "--- ", 4))
+			else if (starts_with(line, "--- "))
 				before = after = 1;
 			else if (!isalpha(line[0]))
 				break;
@@ -114,14 +112,14 @@ static int get_one_patchid(unsigned char *next_sha1, unsigned char *result,
 
 		/* Looking for a valid hunk header?  */
 		if (before == 0 && after == 0) {
-			if (!memcmp(line, "@@ -", 4)) {
+			if (starts_with(line, "@@ -")) {
 				/* Parse next hunk, but ignore line numbers.  */
 				scan_hunk_header(line, &before, &after);
 				continue;
 			}
 
 			/* Split at the end of the patch.  */
-			if (memcmp(line, "diff ", 5))
+			if (!starts_with(line, "diff "))
 				break;
 
 			/* Else we're parsing another header.  */
@@ -143,7 +141,7 @@ static int get_one_patchid(unsigned char *next_sha1, unsigned char *result,
 	}
 
 	if (!found_next)
-		hashclr(next_sha1);
+		oidclr(next_oid);
 
 	flush_one_hunk(result, &ctx);
 
@@ -152,20 +150,20 @@ static int get_one_patchid(unsigned char *next_sha1, unsigned char *result,
 
 static void generate_id_list(int stable)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20], n[20], result[20];
+	struct object_id oid, n, result;
 	int patchlen;
 	struct strbuf line_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	hashclr(sha1);
+	oidclr(&oid);
 	while (!feof(stdin)) {
-		patchlen = get_one_patchid(n, result, &line_buf, stable);
-		flush_current_id(patchlen, sha1, result);
-		hashcpy(sha1, n);
+		patchlen = get_one_patchid(&n, &result, &line_buf, stable);
+		flush_current_id(patchlen, &oid, &result);
+		oidcpy(&oid, &n);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&line_buf);
 }
 
-static const char patch_id_usage[] = "git patch-id [--stable | --unstable] < patch";
+static const char patch_id_usage[] = "git patch-id [--stable | --unstable]";
 
 static int git_patch_id_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
diff --git a/builtin/prune-packed.c b/builtin/prune-packed.c
index 7cf900ea07..a9e7b552b9 100644
--- a/builtin/prune-packed.c
+++ b/builtin/prune-packed.c
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "progress.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 static const char * const prune_packed_usage[] = {
 	N_("git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"),
@@ -10,7 +12,7 @@ static const char * const prune_packed_usage[] = {
 
 static struct progress *progress;
 
-static int prune_subdir(int nr, const char *path, void *data)
+static int prune_subdir(unsigned int nr, const char *path, void *data)
 {
 	int *opts = data;
 	display_progress(progress, nr + 1);
@@ -19,12 +21,12 @@ static int prune_subdir(int nr, const char *path, void *data)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int prune_object(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path,
+static int prune_object(const struct object_id *oid, const char *path,
 			 void *data)
 {
 	int *opts = data;
 
-	if (!has_sha1_pack(sha1))
+	if (!has_object_pack(oid))
 		return 0;
 
 	if (*opts & PRUNE_PACKED_DRY_RUN)
@@ -37,8 +39,7 @@ static int prune_object(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path,
 void prune_packed_objects(int opts)
 {
 	if (opts & PRUNE_PACKED_VERBOSE)
-		progress = start_progress_delay(_("Removing duplicate objects"),
-			256, 95, 2);
+		progress = start_delayed_progress(_("Removing duplicate objects"), 256);
 
 	for_each_loose_file_in_objdir(get_object_directory(),
 				      prune_object, NULL, prune_subdir, &opts);
diff --git a/builtin/prune.c b/builtin/prune.c
index 04d3b12ae4..4916a4daa2 100644
--- a/builtin/prune.c
+++ b/builtin/prune.c
@@ -6,15 +6,15 @@
 #include "reachable.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "progress.h"
-#include "dir.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 static const char * const prune_usage[] = {
-	N_("git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"),
+	N_("git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"),
 	NULL
 };
 static int show_only;
 static int verbose;
-static unsigned long expire;
+static timestamp_t expire;
 static int show_progress = -1;
 
 static int prune_tmp_file(const char *fullpath)
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ static int prune_tmp_file(const char *fullpath)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int prune_object(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *fullpath,
+static int prune_object(const struct object_id *oid, const char *fullpath,
 			void *data)
 {
 	struct stat st;
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ static int prune_object(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *fullpath,
 	 * Do we know about this object?
 	 * It must have been reachable
 	 */
-	if (lookup_object(sha1))
+	if (lookup_object(the_repository, oid->hash))
 		return 0;
 
 	if (lstat(fullpath, &st)) {
@@ -51,9 +51,10 @@ static int prune_object(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *fullpath,
 	if (st.st_mtime > expire)
 		return 0;
 	if (show_only || verbose) {
-		enum object_type type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
-		printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1),
-		       (type > 0) ? typename(type) : "unknown");
+		enum object_type type = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid,
+							NULL);
+		printf("%s %s\n", oid_to_hex(oid),
+		       (type > 0) ? type_name(type) : "unknown");
 	}
 	if (!show_only)
 		unlink_or_warn(fullpath);
@@ -69,7 +70,7 @@ static int prune_cruft(const char *basename, const char *path, void *data)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int prune_subdir(int nr, const char *path, void *data)
+static int prune_subdir(unsigned int nr, const char *path, void *data)
 {
 	if (!show_only)
 		rmdir(path);
@@ -102,28 +103,37 @@ int cmd_prune(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct rev_info revs;
 	struct progress *progress = NULL;
+	int exclude_promisor_objects = 0;
 	const struct option options[] = {
 		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, N_("do not remove, show only")),
 		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("report pruned objects")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &show_progress, N_("show progress")),
 		OPT_EXPIRY_DATE(0, "expire", &expire,
 				N_("expire objects older than <time>")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "exclude-promisor-objects", &exclude_promisor_objects,
+			 N_("limit traversal to objects outside promisor packfiles")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 	char *s;
 
-	expire = ULONG_MAX;
+	expire = TIME_MAX;
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
-	check_replace_refs = 0;
+	read_replace_refs = 0;
+	ref_paranoia = 1;
 	init_revisions(&revs, prefix);
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, prune_usage, 0);
+
+	if (repository_format_precious_objects)
+		die(_("cannot prune in a precious-objects repo"));
+
 	while (argc--) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		const char *name = *argv++;
 
-		if (!get_sha1(name, sha1)) {
-			struct object *object = parse_object_or_die(sha1, name);
+		if (!get_oid(name, &oid)) {
+			struct object *object = parse_object_or_die(&oid,
+								    name);
 			add_pending_object(&revs, object, "");
 		}
 		else
@@ -133,7 +143,11 @@ int cmd_prune(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (show_progress == -1)
 		show_progress = isatty(2);
 	if (show_progress)
-		progress = start_progress_delay(_("Checking connectivity"), 0, 0, 2);
+		progress = start_delayed_progress(_("Checking connectivity"), 0);
+	if (exclude_promisor_objects) {
+		fetch_if_missing = 0;
+		revs.exclude_promisor_objects = 1;
+	}
 
 	mark_reachable_objects(&revs, 1, expire, progress);
 	stop_progress(&progress);
@@ -146,7 +160,7 @@ int cmd_prune(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	remove_temporary_files(s);
 	free(s);
 
-	if (is_repository_shallow())
+	if (is_repository_shallow(the_repository))
 		prune_shallow(show_only);
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/builtin/pull.c b/builtin/pull.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..681c127a07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin/pull.c
@@ -0,0 +1,975 @@
+/*
+ * Builtin "git pull"
+ *
+ * Based on git-pull.sh by Junio C Hamano
+ *
+ * Fetch one or more remote refs and merge it/them into the current HEAD.
+ */
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "sha1-array.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "refspec.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
+#include "tempfile.h"
+#include "lockfile.h"
+#include "wt-status.h"
+
+enum rebase_type {
+	REBASE_INVALID = -1,
+	REBASE_FALSE = 0,
+	REBASE_TRUE,
+	REBASE_PRESERVE,
+	REBASE_MERGES,
+	REBASE_INTERACTIVE
+};
+
+/**
+ * Parses the value of --rebase. If value is a false value, returns
+ * REBASE_FALSE. If value is a true value, returns REBASE_TRUE. If value is
+ * "merges", returns REBASE_MERGES. If value is "preserve", returns
+ * REBASE_PRESERVE. If value is a invalid value, dies with a fatal error if
+ * fatal is true, otherwise returns REBASE_INVALID.
+ */
+static enum rebase_type parse_config_rebase(const char *key, const char *value,
+		int fatal)
+{
+	int v = git_parse_maybe_bool(value);
+
+	if (!v)
+		return REBASE_FALSE;
+	else if (v > 0)
+		return REBASE_TRUE;
+	else if (!strcmp(value, "preserve") || !strcmp(value, "p"))
+		return REBASE_PRESERVE;
+	else if (!strcmp(value, "merges") || !strcmp(value, "m"))
+		return REBASE_MERGES;
+	else if (!strcmp(value, "interactive") || !strcmp(value, "i"))
+		return REBASE_INTERACTIVE;
+
+	if (fatal)
+		die(_("Invalid value for %s: %s"), key, value);
+	else
+		error(_("Invalid value for %s: %s"), key, value);
+
+	return REBASE_INVALID;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Callback for --rebase, which parses arg with parse_config_rebase().
+ */
+static int parse_opt_rebase(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	enum rebase_type *value = opt->value;
+
+	if (arg)
+		*value = parse_config_rebase("--rebase", arg, 0);
+	else
+		*value = unset ? REBASE_FALSE : REBASE_TRUE;
+	return *value == REBASE_INVALID ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+static const char * const pull_usage[] = {
+	N_("git pull [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"),
+	NULL
+};
+
+/* Shared options */
+static int opt_verbosity;
+static char *opt_progress;
+static int recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT;
+
+/* Options passed to git-merge or git-rebase */
+static enum rebase_type opt_rebase = -1;
+static char *opt_diffstat;
+static char *opt_log;
+static char *opt_signoff;
+static char *opt_squash;
+static char *opt_commit;
+static char *opt_edit;
+static char *opt_ff;
+static char *opt_verify_signatures;
+static int opt_autostash = -1;
+static int config_autostash;
+static struct argv_array opt_strategies = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+static struct argv_array opt_strategy_opts = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+static char *opt_gpg_sign;
+static int opt_allow_unrelated_histories;
+
+/* Options passed to git-fetch */
+static char *opt_all;
+static char *opt_append;
+static char *opt_upload_pack;
+static int opt_force;
+static char *opt_tags;
+static char *opt_prune;
+static char *max_children;
+static int opt_dry_run;
+static char *opt_keep;
+static char *opt_depth;
+static char *opt_unshallow;
+static char *opt_update_shallow;
+static char *opt_refmap;
+static char *opt_ipv4;
+static char *opt_ipv6;
+
+static struct option pull_options[] = {
+	/* Shared options */
+	OPT__VERBOSITY(&opt_verbosity),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "progress", &opt_progress, NULL,
+		N_("force progress reporting"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "recurse-submodules",
+		   &recurse_submodules, N_("on-demand"),
+		   N_("control for recursive fetching of submodules"),
+		   PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, option_fetch_parse_recurse_submodules },
+
+	/* Options passed to git-merge or git-rebase */
+	OPT_GROUP(N_("Options related to merging")),
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'r', "rebase", &opt_rebase,
+	  "(false|true|merges|preserve|interactive)",
+	  N_("incorporate changes by rebasing rather than merging"),
+	  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, parse_opt_rebase },
+	OPT_PASSTHRU('n', NULL, &opt_diffstat, NULL,
+		N_("do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "stat", &opt_diffstat, NULL,
+		N_("show a diffstat at the end of the merge"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "summary", &opt_diffstat, NULL,
+		N_("(synonym to --stat)"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "log", &opt_log, N_("n"),
+		N_("add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"),
+		PARSE_OPT_OPTARG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "signoff", &opt_signoff, NULL,
+		N_("add Signed-off-by:"),
+		PARSE_OPT_OPTARG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "squash", &opt_squash, NULL,
+		N_("create a single commit instead of doing a merge"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "commit", &opt_commit, NULL,
+		N_("perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "edit", &opt_edit, NULL,
+		N_("edit message before committing"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "ff", &opt_ff, NULL,
+		N_("allow fast-forward"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "ff-only", &opt_ff, NULL,
+		N_("abort if fast-forward is not possible"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "verify-signatures", &opt_verify_signatures, NULL,
+		N_("verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "autostash", &opt_autostash,
+		N_("automatically stash/stash pop before and after rebase")),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU_ARGV('s', "strategy", &opt_strategies, N_("strategy"),
+		N_("merge strategy to use"),
+		0),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU_ARGV('X', "strategy-option", &opt_strategy_opts,
+		N_("option=value"),
+		N_("option for selected merge strategy"),
+		0),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU('S', "gpg-sign", &opt_gpg_sign, N_("key-id"),
+		N_("GPG sign commit"),
+		PARSE_OPT_OPTARG),
+	OPT_SET_INT(0, "allow-unrelated-histories",
+		    &opt_allow_unrelated_histories,
+		    N_("allow merging unrelated histories"), 1),
+
+	/* Options passed to git-fetch */
+	OPT_GROUP(N_("Options related to fetching")),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "all", &opt_all, NULL,
+		N_("fetch from all remotes"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU('a', "append", &opt_append, NULL,
+		N_("append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "upload-pack", &opt_upload_pack, N_("path"),
+		N_("path to upload pack on remote end"),
+		0),
+	OPT__FORCE(&opt_force, N_("force overwrite of local branch"), 0),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU('t', "tags", &opt_tags, NULL,
+		N_("fetch all tags and associated objects"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU('p', "prune", &opt_prune, NULL,
+		N_("prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU('j', "jobs", &max_children, N_("n"),
+		N_("number of submodules pulled in parallel"),
+		PARSE_OPT_OPTARG),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "dry-run", &opt_dry_run,
+		N_("dry run")),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU('k', "keep", &opt_keep, NULL,
+		N_("keep downloaded pack"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "depth", &opt_depth, N_("depth"),
+		N_("deepen history of shallow clone"),
+		0),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "unshallow", &opt_unshallow, NULL,
+		N_("convert to a complete repository"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "update-shallow", &opt_update_shallow, NULL,
+		N_("accept refs that update .git/shallow"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "refmap", &opt_refmap, N_("refmap"),
+		N_("specify fetch refmap"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NONEG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU('4',  "ipv4", &opt_ipv4, NULL,
+		N_("use IPv4 addresses only"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+	OPT_PASSTHRU('6',  "ipv6", &opt_ipv6, NULL,
+		N_("use IPv6 addresses only"),
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG),
+
+	OPT_END()
+};
+
+/**
+ * Pushes "-q" or "-v" switches into arr to match the opt_verbosity level.
+ */
+static void argv_push_verbosity(struct argv_array *arr)
+{
+	int verbosity;
+
+	for (verbosity = opt_verbosity; verbosity > 0; verbosity--)
+		argv_array_push(arr, "-v");
+
+	for (verbosity = opt_verbosity; verbosity < 0; verbosity++)
+		argv_array_push(arr, "-q");
+}
+
+/**
+ * Pushes "-f" switches into arr to match the opt_force level.
+ */
+static void argv_push_force(struct argv_array *arr)
+{
+	int force = opt_force;
+	while (force-- > 0)
+		argv_array_push(arr, "-f");
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sets the GIT_REFLOG_ACTION environment variable to the concatenation of argv
+ */
+static void set_reflog_message(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+		if (i)
+			strbuf_addch(&msg, ' ');
+		strbuf_addstr(&msg, argv[i]);
+	}
+
+	setenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION", msg.buf, 0);
+
+	strbuf_release(&msg);
+}
+
+/**
+ * If pull.ff is unset, returns NULL. If pull.ff is "true", returns "--ff". If
+ * pull.ff is "false", returns "--no-ff". If pull.ff is "only", returns
+ * "--ff-only". Otherwise, if pull.ff is set to an invalid value, die with an
+ * error.
+ */
+static const char *config_get_ff(void)
+{
+	const char *value;
+
+	if (git_config_get_value("pull.ff", &value))
+		return NULL;
+
+	switch (git_parse_maybe_bool(value)) {
+	case 0:
+		return "--no-ff";
+	case 1:
+		return "--ff";
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(value, "only"))
+		return "--ff-only";
+
+	die(_("Invalid value for pull.ff: %s"), value);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns the default configured value for --rebase. It first looks for the
+ * value of "branch.$curr_branch.rebase", where $curr_branch is the current
+ * branch, and if HEAD is detached or the configuration key does not exist,
+ * looks for the value of "pull.rebase". If both configuration keys do not
+ * exist, returns REBASE_FALSE.
+ */
+static enum rebase_type config_get_rebase(void)
+{
+	struct branch *curr_branch = branch_get("HEAD");
+	const char *value;
+
+	if (curr_branch) {
+		char *key = xstrfmt("branch.%s.rebase", curr_branch->name);
+
+		if (!git_config_get_value(key, &value)) {
+			enum rebase_type ret = parse_config_rebase(key, value, 1);
+			free(key);
+			return ret;
+		}
+
+		free(key);
+	}
+
+	if (!git_config_get_value("pull.rebase", &value))
+		return parse_config_rebase("pull.rebase", value, 1);
+
+	return REBASE_FALSE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Read config variables.
+ */
+static int git_pull_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "rebase.autostash")) {
+		config_autostash = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(var, "submodule.recurse")) {
+		recurse_submodules = git_config_bool(var, value) ?
+			RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON : RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Appends merge candidates from FETCH_HEAD that are not marked not-for-merge
+ * into merge_heads.
+ */
+static void get_merge_heads(struct oid_array *merge_heads)
+{
+	const char *filename = git_path_fetch_head(the_repository);
+	FILE *fp;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct object_id oid;
+
+	fp = xfopen(filename, "r");
+	while (strbuf_getline_lf(&sb, fp) != EOF) {
+		if (get_oid_hex(sb.buf, &oid))
+			continue;  /* invalid line: does not start with SHA1 */
+		if (starts_with(sb.buf + GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ, "\tnot-for-merge\t"))
+			continue;  /* ref is not-for-merge */
+		oid_array_append(merge_heads, &oid);
+	}
+	fclose(fp);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Used by die_no_merge_candidates() as a for_each_remote() callback to
+ * retrieve the name of the remote if the repository only has one remote.
+ */
+static int get_only_remote(struct remote *remote, void *cb_data)
+{
+	const char **remote_name = cb_data;
+
+	if (*remote_name)
+		return -1;
+
+	*remote_name = remote->name;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Dies with the appropriate reason for why there are no merge candidates:
+ *
+ * 1. We fetched from a specific remote, and a refspec was given, but it ended
+ *    up not fetching anything. This is usually because the user provided a
+ *    wildcard refspec which had no matches on the remote end.
+ *
+ * 2. We fetched from a non-default remote, but didn't specify a branch to
+ *    merge. We can't use the configured one because it applies to the default
+ *    remote, thus the user must specify the branches to merge.
+ *
+ * 3. We fetched from the branch's or repo's default remote, but:
+ *
+ *    a. We are not on a branch, so there will never be a configured branch to
+ *       merge with.
+ *
+ *    b. We are on a branch, but there is no configured branch to merge with.
+ *
+ * 4. We fetched from the branch's or repo's default remote, but the configured
+ *    branch to merge didn't get fetched. (Either it doesn't exist, or wasn't
+ *    part of the configured fetch refspec.)
+ */
+static void NORETURN die_no_merge_candidates(const char *repo, const char **refspecs)
+{
+	struct branch *curr_branch = branch_get("HEAD");
+	const char *remote = curr_branch ? curr_branch->remote_name : NULL;
+
+	if (*refspecs) {
+		if (opt_rebase)
+			fprintf_ln(stderr, _("There is no candidate for rebasing against among the refs that you just fetched."));
+		else
+			fprintf_ln(stderr, _("There are no candidates for merging among the refs that you just fetched."));
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Generally this means that you provided a wildcard refspec which had no\n"
+					"matches on the remote end."));
+	} else if (repo && curr_branch && (!remote || strcmp(repo, remote))) {
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("You asked to pull from the remote '%s', but did not specify\n"
+			"a branch. Because this is not the default configured remote\n"
+			"for your current branch, you must specify a branch on the command line."),
+			repo);
+	} else if (!curr_branch) {
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("You are not currently on a branch."));
+		if (opt_rebase)
+			fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Please specify which branch you want to rebase against."));
+		else
+			fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Please specify which branch you want to merge with."));
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("See git-pull(1) for details."));
+		fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, "    git pull %s %s", _("<remote>"), _("<branch>"));
+		fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+	} else if (!curr_branch->merge_nr) {
+		const char *remote_name = NULL;
+
+		if (for_each_remote(get_only_remote, &remote_name) || !remote_name)
+			remote_name = _("<remote>");
+
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("There is no tracking information for the current branch."));
+		if (opt_rebase)
+			fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Please specify which branch you want to rebase against."));
+		else
+			fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Please specify which branch you want to merge with."));
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("See git-pull(1) for details."));
+		fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, "    git pull %s %s", _("<remote>"), _("<branch>"));
+		fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:"));
+		fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, "    git branch --set-upstream-to=%s/%s %s\n",
+				remote_name, _("<branch>"), curr_branch->name);
+	} else
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Your configuration specifies to merge with the ref '%s'\n"
+			"from the remote, but no such ref was fetched."),
+			*curr_branch->merge_name);
+	exit(1);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parses argv into [<repo> [<refspecs>...]], returning their values in `repo`
+ * as a string and `refspecs` as a null-terminated array of strings. If `repo`
+ * is not provided in argv, it is set to NULL.
+ */
+static void parse_repo_refspecs(int argc, const char **argv, const char **repo,
+		const char ***refspecs)
+{
+	if (argc > 0) {
+		*repo = *argv++;
+		argc--;
+	} else
+		*repo = NULL;
+	*refspecs = argv;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Runs git-fetch, returning its exit status. `repo` and `refspecs` are the
+ * repository and refspecs to fetch, or NULL if they are not provided.
+ */
+static int run_fetch(const char *repo, const char **refspecs)
+{
+	struct argv_array args = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	int ret;
+
+	argv_array_pushl(&args, "fetch", "--update-head-ok", NULL);
+
+	/* Shared options */
+	argv_push_verbosity(&args);
+	if (opt_progress)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_progress);
+
+	/* Options passed to git-fetch */
+	if (opt_all)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_all);
+	if (opt_append)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_append);
+	if (opt_upload_pack)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_upload_pack);
+	argv_push_force(&args);
+	if (opt_tags)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_tags);
+	if (opt_prune)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_prune);
+	if (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT)
+		switch (recurse_submodules) {
+		case RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON:
+			argv_array_push(&args, "--recurse-submodules=on");
+			break;
+		case RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF:
+			argv_array_push(&args, "--recurse-submodules=no");
+			break;
+		case RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND:
+			argv_array_push(&args, "--recurse-submodules=on-demand");
+			break;
+		default:
+			BUG("submodule recursion option not understood");
+		}
+	if (max_children)
+		argv_array_push(&args, max_children);
+	if (opt_dry_run)
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--dry-run");
+	if (opt_keep)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_keep);
+	if (opt_depth)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_depth);
+	if (opt_unshallow)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_unshallow);
+	if (opt_update_shallow)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_update_shallow);
+	if (opt_refmap)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_refmap);
+	if (opt_ipv4)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_ipv4);
+	if (opt_ipv6)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_ipv6);
+
+	if (repo) {
+		argv_array_push(&args, repo);
+		argv_array_pushv(&args, refspecs);
+	} else if (*refspecs)
+		BUG("refspecs without repo?");
+	ret = run_command_v_opt(args.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+	argv_array_clear(&args);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * "Pulls into void" by branching off merge_head.
+ */
+static int pull_into_void(const struct object_id *merge_head,
+		const struct object_id *curr_head)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Two-way merge: we treat the index as based on an empty tree,
+	 * and try to fast-forward to HEAD. This ensures we will not lose
+	 * index/worktree changes that the user already made on the unborn
+	 * branch.
+	 */
+	if (checkout_fast_forward(the_hash_algo->empty_tree, merge_head, 0))
+		return 1;
+
+	if (update_ref("initial pull", "HEAD", merge_head, curr_head, 0, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR))
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int rebase_submodules(void)
+{
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+	cp.no_stdin = 1;
+	argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "submodule", "update",
+				   "--recursive", "--rebase", NULL);
+	argv_push_verbosity(&cp.args);
+
+	return run_command(&cp);
+}
+
+static int update_submodules(void)
+{
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+	cp.no_stdin = 1;
+	argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "submodule", "update",
+				   "--recursive", "--checkout", NULL);
+	argv_push_verbosity(&cp.args);
+
+	return run_command(&cp);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Runs git-merge, returning its exit status.
+ */
+static int run_merge(void)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct argv_array args = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+
+	argv_array_pushl(&args, "merge", NULL);
+
+	/* Shared options */
+	argv_push_verbosity(&args);
+	if (opt_progress)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_progress);
+
+	/* Options passed to git-merge */
+	if (opt_diffstat)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_diffstat);
+	if (opt_log)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_log);
+	if (opt_signoff)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_signoff);
+	if (opt_squash)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_squash);
+	if (opt_commit)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_commit);
+	if (opt_edit)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_edit);
+	if (opt_ff)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_ff);
+	if (opt_verify_signatures)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_verify_signatures);
+	argv_array_pushv(&args, opt_strategies.argv);
+	argv_array_pushv(&args, opt_strategy_opts.argv);
+	if (opt_gpg_sign)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_gpg_sign);
+	if (opt_allow_unrelated_histories > 0)
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--allow-unrelated-histories");
+
+	argv_array_push(&args, "FETCH_HEAD");
+	ret = run_command_v_opt(args.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+	argv_array_clear(&args);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns remote's upstream branch for the current branch. If remote is NULL,
+ * the current branch's configured default remote is used. Returns NULL if
+ * `remote` does not name a valid remote, HEAD does not point to a branch,
+ * remote is not the branch's configured remote or the branch does not have any
+ * configured upstream branch.
+ */
+static const char *get_upstream_branch(const char *remote)
+{
+	struct remote *rm;
+	struct branch *curr_branch;
+	const char *curr_branch_remote;
+
+	rm = remote_get(remote);
+	if (!rm)
+		return NULL;
+
+	curr_branch = branch_get("HEAD");
+	if (!curr_branch)
+		return NULL;
+
+	curr_branch_remote = remote_for_branch(curr_branch, NULL);
+	assert(curr_branch_remote);
+
+	if (strcmp(curr_branch_remote, rm->name))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return branch_get_upstream(curr_branch, NULL);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Derives the remote-tracking branch from the remote and refspec.
+ *
+ * FIXME: The current implementation assumes the default mapping of
+ * refs/heads/<branch_name> to refs/remotes/<remote_name>/<branch_name>.
+ */
+static const char *get_tracking_branch(const char *remote, const char *refspec)
+{
+	struct refspec_item spec;
+	const char *spec_src;
+	const char *merge_branch;
+
+	refspec_item_init_or_die(&spec, refspec, REFSPEC_FETCH);
+	spec_src = spec.src;
+	if (!*spec_src || !strcmp(spec_src, "HEAD"))
+		spec_src = "HEAD";
+	else if (skip_prefix(spec_src, "heads/", &spec_src))
+		;
+	else if (skip_prefix(spec_src, "refs/heads/", &spec_src))
+		;
+	else if (starts_with(spec_src, "refs/") ||
+		starts_with(spec_src, "tags/") ||
+		starts_with(spec_src, "remotes/"))
+		spec_src = "";
+
+	if (*spec_src) {
+		if (!strcmp(remote, "."))
+			merge_branch = mkpath("refs/heads/%s", spec_src);
+		else
+			merge_branch = mkpath("refs/remotes/%s/%s", remote, spec_src);
+	} else
+		merge_branch = NULL;
+
+	refspec_item_clear(&spec);
+	return merge_branch;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Given the repo and refspecs, sets fork_point to the point at which the
+ * current branch forked from its remote-tracking branch. Returns 0 on success,
+ * -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int get_rebase_fork_point(struct object_id *fork_point, const char *repo,
+		const char *refspec)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct branch *curr_branch;
+	const char *remote_branch;
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	curr_branch = branch_get("HEAD");
+	if (!curr_branch)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (refspec)
+		remote_branch = get_tracking_branch(repo, refspec);
+	else
+		remote_branch = get_upstream_branch(repo);
+
+	if (!remote_branch)
+		return -1;
+
+	argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "merge-base", "--fork-point",
+			remote_branch, curr_branch->name, NULL);
+	cp.no_stdin = 1;
+	cp.no_stderr = 1;
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+
+	ret = capture_command(&cp, &sb, GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ);
+	if (ret)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	ret = get_oid_hex(sb.buf, fork_point);
+	if (ret)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+cleanup:
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sets merge_base to the octopus merge base of curr_head, merge_head and
+ * fork_point. Returns 0 if a merge base is found, 1 otherwise.
+ */
+static int get_octopus_merge_base(struct object_id *merge_base,
+		const struct object_id *curr_head,
+		const struct object_id *merge_head,
+		const struct object_id *fork_point)
+{
+	struct commit_list *revs = NULL, *result;
+
+	commit_list_insert(lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, curr_head),
+			   &revs);
+	commit_list_insert(lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, merge_head),
+			   &revs);
+	if (!is_null_oid(fork_point))
+		commit_list_insert(lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, fork_point),
+				   &revs);
+
+	result = get_octopus_merge_bases(revs);
+	free_commit_list(revs);
+	reduce_heads_replace(&result);
+
+	if (!result)
+		return 1;
+
+	oidcpy(merge_base, &result->item->object.oid);
+	free_commit_list(result);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Given the current HEAD SHA1, the merge head returned from git-fetch and the
+ * fork point calculated by get_rebase_fork_point(), runs git-rebase with the
+ * appropriate arguments and returns its exit status.
+ */
+static int run_rebase(const struct object_id *curr_head,
+		const struct object_id *merge_head,
+		const struct object_id *fork_point)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct object_id oct_merge_base;
+	struct argv_array args = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+
+	if (!get_octopus_merge_base(&oct_merge_base, curr_head, merge_head, fork_point))
+		if (!is_null_oid(fork_point) && !oidcmp(&oct_merge_base, fork_point))
+			fork_point = NULL;
+
+	argv_array_push(&args, "rebase");
+
+	/* Shared options */
+	argv_push_verbosity(&args);
+
+	/* Options passed to git-rebase */
+	if (opt_rebase == REBASE_MERGES)
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--rebase-merges");
+	else if (opt_rebase == REBASE_PRESERVE)
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--preserve-merges");
+	else if (opt_rebase == REBASE_INTERACTIVE)
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--interactive");
+	if (opt_diffstat)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_diffstat);
+	argv_array_pushv(&args, opt_strategies.argv);
+	argv_array_pushv(&args, opt_strategy_opts.argv);
+	if (opt_gpg_sign)
+		argv_array_push(&args, opt_gpg_sign);
+	if (opt_autostash == 0)
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--no-autostash");
+	else if (opt_autostash == 1)
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--autostash");
+	if (opt_verify_signatures &&
+	    !strcmp(opt_verify_signatures, "--verify-signatures"))
+		warning(_("ignoring --verify-signatures for rebase"));
+
+	argv_array_push(&args, "--onto");
+	argv_array_push(&args, oid_to_hex(merge_head));
+
+	if (fork_point && !is_null_oid(fork_point))
+		argv_array_push(&args, oid_to_hex(fork_point));
+	else
+		argv_array_push(&args, oid_to_hex(merge_head));
+
+	ret = run_command_v_opt(args.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+	argv_array_clear(&args);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int cmd_pull(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char *repo, **refspecs;
+	struct oid_array merge_heads = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct object_id orig_head, curr_head;
+	struct object_id rebase_fork_point;
+	int autostash;
+
+	if (!getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"))
+		set_reflog_message(argc, argv);
+
+	git_config(git_pull_config, NULL);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, pull_options, pull_usage, 0);
+
+	parse_repo_refspecs(argc, argv, &repo, &refspecs);
+
+	if (!opt_ff)
+		opt_ff = xstrdup_or_null(config_get_ff());
+
+	if (opt_rebase < 0)
+		opt_rebase = config_get_rebase();
+
+	if (read_cache_unmerged())
+		die_resolve_conflict("pull");
+
+	if (file_exists(git_path_merge_head(the_repository)))
+		die_conclude_merge();
+
+	if (get_oid("HEAD", &orig_head))
+		oidclr(&orig_head);
+
+	if (!opt_rebase && opt_autostash != -1)
+		die(_("--[no-]autostash option is only valid with --rebase."));
+
+	autostash = config_autostash;
+	if (opt_rebase) {
+		if (opt_autostash != -1)
+			autostash = opt_autostash;
+
+		if (is_null_oid(&orig_head) && !is_cache_unborn())
+			die(_("Updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index."));
+
+		if (!autostash)
+			require_clean_work_tree(N_("pull with rebase"),
+				_("please commit or stash them."), 1, 0);
+
+		if (get_rebase_fork_point(&rebase_fork_point, repo, *refspecs))
+			oidclr(&rebase_fork_point);
+	}
+
+	if (run_fetch(repo, refspecs))
+		return 1;
+
+	if (opt_dry_run)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (get_oid("HEAD", &curr_head))
+		oidclr(&curr_head);
+
+	if (!is_null_oid(&orig_head) && !is_null_oid(&curr_head) &&
+			oidcmp(&orig_head, &curr_head)) {
+		/*
+		 * The fetch involved updating the current branch.
+		 *
+		 * The working tree and the index file are still based on
+		 * orig_head commit, but we are merging into curr_head.
+		 * Update the working tree to match curr_head.
+		 */
+
+		warning(_("fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+			"fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+			"commit %s."), oid_to_hex(&orig_head));
+
+		if (checkout_fast_forward(&orig_head, &curr_head, 0))
+			die(_("Cannot fast-forward your working tree.\n"
+				"After making sure that you saved anything precious from\n"
+				"$ git diff %s\n"
+				"output, run\n"
+				"$ git reset --hard\n"
+				"to recover."), oid_to_hex(&orig_head));
+	}
+
+	get_merge_heads(&merge_heads);
+
+	if (!merge_heads.nr)
+		die_no_merge_candidates(repo, refspecs);
+
+	if (is_null_oid(&orig_head)) {
+		if (merge_heads.nr > 1)
+			die(_("Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head."));
+		return pull_into_void(merge_heads.oid, &curr_head);
+	}
+	if (opt_rebase && merge_heads.nr > 1)
+		die(_("Cannot rebase onto multiple branches."));
+
+	if (opt_rebase) {
+		int ret = 0;
+		if ((recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON ||
+		     recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND) &&
+		    submodule_touches_in_range(&rebase_fork_point, &curr_head))
+			die(_("cannot rebase with locally recorded submodule modifications"));
+		if (!autostash) {
+			struct commit_list *list = NULL;
+			struct commit *merge_head, *head;
+
+			head = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository,
+						       &orig_head);
+			commit_list_insert(head, &list);
+			merge_head = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository,
+							     &merge_heads.oid[0]);
+			if (is_descendant_of(merge_head, list)) {
+				/* we can fast-forward this without invoking rebase */
+				opt_ff = "--ff-only";
+				ret = run_merge();
+			}
+		}
+		ret = run_rebase(&curr_head, merge_heads.oid, &rebase_fork_point);
+
+		if (!ret && (recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON ||
+			     recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND))
+			ret = rebase_submodules();
+
+		return ret;
+	} else {
+		int ret = run_merge();
+		if (!ret && (recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON ||
+			     recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND))
+			ret = update_submodules();
+		return ret;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/builtin/push.c b/builtin/push.c
index fc771a9f6f..d09a42062c 100644
--- a/builtin/push.c
+++ b/builtin/push.c
@@ -2,37 +2,64 @@
  * "git push"
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "refspec.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "transport.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
+#include "send-pack.h"
+#include "color.h"
 
 static const char * const push_usage[] = {
 	N_("git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"),
 	NULL,
 };
 
+static int push_use_color = -1;
+static char push_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
+	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
+	GIT_COLOR_RED,	/* ERROR */
+};
+
+enum color_push {
+	PUSH_COLOR_RESET = 0,
+	PUSH_COLOR_ERROR = 1
+};
+
+static int parse_push_color_slot(const char *slot)
+{
+	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "reset"))
+		return PUSH_COLOR_RESET;
+	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "error"))
+		return PUSH_COLOR_ERROR;
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static const char *push_get_color(enum color_push ix)
+{
+	if (want_color_stderr(push_use_color))
+		return push_colors[ix];
+	return "";
+}
+
 static int thin = 1;
 static int deleterefs;
 static const char *receivepack;
 static int verbosity;
 static int progress = -1;
+static int recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT;
+static enum transport_family family;
 
 static struct push_cas_option cas;
 
-static const char **refspec;
-static int refspec_nr;
-static int refspec_alloc;
+static struct refspec rs = REFSPEC_INIT_PUSH;
 
-static void add_refspec(const char *ref)
-{
-	refspec_nr++;
-	ALLOC_GROW(refspec, refspec_nr, refspec_alloc);
-	refspec[refspec_nr-1] = ref;
-}
+static struct string_list push_options_config = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 
 static const char *map_refspec(const char *ref,
 			       struct remote *remote, struct ref *local_refs)
@@ -43,12 +70,11 @@ static const char *map_refspec(const char *ref,
 	if (count_refspec_match(ref, local_refs, &matched) != 1)
 		return ref;
 
-	if (remote->push) {
-		struct refspec query;
-		memset(&query, 0, sizeof(struct refspec));
+	if (remote->push.nr) {
+		struct refspec_item query;
+		memset(&query, 0, sizeof(struct refspec_item));
 		query.src = matched->name;
-		if (!query_refspecs(remote->push, remote->push_refspec_nr, &query) &&
-		    query.dst) {
+		if (!query_refspecs(&remote->push, &query) && query.dst) {
 			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 			strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s%s:%s",
 				    query.force ? "+" : "",
@@ -103,7 +129,7 @@ static void set_refspecs(const char **refs, int nr, const char *repo)
 			}
 			ref = map_refspec(ref, remote, local_refs);
 		}
-		add_refspec(ref);
+		refspec_append(&rs, ref);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -190,46 +216,18 @@ static void setup_push_upstream(struct remote *remote, struct branch *branch,
 			die_push_simple(branch, remote);
 	}
 
-	strbuf_addf(&refspec, "%s:%s", branch->name, branch->merge[0]->src);
-	add_refspec(refspec.buf);
+	strbuf_addf(&refspec, "%s:%s", branch->refname, branch->merge[0]->src);
+	refspec_append(&rs, refspec.buf);
 }
 
 static void setup_push_current(struct remote *remote, struct branch *branch)
 {
+	struct strbuf refspec = STRBUF_INIT;
+
 	if (!branch)
 		die(_(message_detached_head_die), remote->name);
-	add_refspec(branch->name);
-}
-
-static char warn_unspecified_push_default_msg[] =
-N_("push.default is unset; its implicit value has changed in\n"
-   "Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
-   "and maintain the traditional behavior, use:\n"
-   "\n"
-   "  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-   "\n"
-   "To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
-   "\n"
-   "  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-   "\n"
-   "When push.default is set to 'matching', git will push local branches\n"
-   "to the remote branches that already exist with the same name.\n"
-   "\n"
-   "Since Git 2.0, Git defaults to the more conservative 'simple'\n"
-   "behavior, which only pushes the current branch to the corresponding\n"
-   "remote branch that 'git pull' uses to update the current branch.\n"
-   "\n"
-   "See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further information.\n"
-   "(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
-   "'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)");
-
-static void warn_unspecified_push_default_configuration(void)
-{
-	static int warn_once;
-
-	if (warn_once++)
-		return;
-	warning("%s\n", _(warn_unspecified_push_default_msg));
+	strbuf_addf(&refspec, "%s:%s", branch->refname, branch->refname);
+	refspec_append(&rs, refspec.buf);
 }
 
 static int is_workflow_triangular(struct remote *remote)
@@ -246,13 +244,10 @@ static void setup_default_push_refspecs(struct remote *remote)
 	switch (push_default) {
 	default:
 	case PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING:
-		add_refspec(":");
+		refspec_append(&rs, ":");
 		break;
 
 	case PUSH_DEFAULT_UNSPECIFIED:
-		warn_unspecified_push_default_configuration();
-		/* fallthru */
-
 	case PUSH_DEFAULT_SIMPLE:
 		if (triangular)
 			setup_push_current(remote, branch);
@@ -337,12 +332,14 @@ static void advise_ref_needs_force(void)
 	advise(_(message_advice_ref_needs_force));
 }
 
-static int push_with_options(struct transport *transport, int flags)
+static int push_with_options(struct transport *transport, struct refspec *rs,
+			     int flags)
 {
 	int err;
 	unsigned int reject_reasons;
 
 	transport_set_verbosity(transport, verbosity, progress);
+	transport->family = family;
 
 	if (receivepack)
 		transport_set_option(transport,
@@ -358,10 +355,12 @@ static int push_with_options(struct transport *transport, int flags)
 
 	if (verbosity > 0)
 		fprintf(stderr, _("Pushing to %s\n"), transport->url);
-	err = transport_push(transport, refspec_nr, refspec, flags,
-			     &reject_reasons);
-	if (err != 0)
+	err = transport_push(transport, rs, flags, &reject_reasons);
+	if (err != 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s", push_get_color(PUSH_COLOR_ERROR));
 		error(_("failed to push some refs to '%s'"), transport->url);
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s", push_get_color(PUSH_COLOR_RESET));
+	}
 
 	err |= transport_disconnect(transport);
 	if (!err)
@@ -382,12 +381,14 @@ static int push_with_options(struct transport *transport, int flags)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int do_push(const char *repo, int flags)
+static int do_push(const char *repo, int flags,
+		   const struct string_list *push_options)
 {
 	int i, errs;
 	struct remote *remote = pushremote_get(repo);
 	const char **url;
 	int url_nr;
+	struct refspec *push_refspec = &rs;
 
 	if (!remote) {
 		if (repo)
@@ -405,27 +406,12 @@ static int do_push(const char *repo, int flags)
 	if (remote->mirror)
 		flags |= (TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR|TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE);
 
-	if ((flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL) && refspec) {
-		if (!strcmp(*refspec, "refs/tags/*"))
-			return error(_("--all and --tags are incompatible"));
-		return error(_("--all can't be combined with refspecs"));
-	}
-
-	if ((flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR) && refspec) {
-		if (!strcmp(*refspec, "refs/tags/*"))
-			return error(_("--mirror and --tags are incompatible"));
-		return error(_("--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"));
-	}
+	if (push_options->nr)
+		flags |= TRANSPORT_PUSH_OPTIONS;
 
-	if ((flags & (TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL|TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR)) ==
-				(TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL|TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR)) {
-		return error(_("--all and --mirror are incompatible"));
-	}
-
-	if (!refspec && !(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL)) {
-		if (remote->push_refspec_nr) {
-			refspec = remote->push_refspec;
-			refspec_nr = remote->push_refspec_nr;
+	if (!push_refspec->nr && !(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL)) {
+		if (remote->push.nr) {
+			push_refspec = &remote->push;
 		} else if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR))
 			setup_default_push_refspecs(remote);
 	}
@@ -435,14 +421,17 @@ static int do_push(const char *repo, int flags)
 		for (i = 0; i < url_nr; i++) {
 			struct transport *transport =
 				transport_get(remote, url[i]);
-			if (push_with_options(transport, flags))
+			if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_OPTIONS)
+				transport->push_options = push_options;
+			if (push_with_options(transport, push_refspec, flags))
 				errs++;
 		}
 	} else {
 		struct transport *transport =
 			transport_get(remote, NULL);
-
-		if (push_with_options(transport, flags))
+		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_OPTIONS)
+			transport->push_options = push_options;
+		if (push_with_options(transport, push_refspec, flags))
 			errs++;
 	}
 	return !!errs;
@@ -451,63 +440,131 @@ static int do_push(const char *repo, int flags)
 static int option_parse_recurse_submodules(const struct option *opt,
 				   const char *arg, int unset)
 {
-	int *flags = opt->value;
-
-	if (*flags & (TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK |
-		      TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND))
-		die("%s can only be used once.", opt->long_name);
+	int *recurse_submodules = opt->value;
 
-	if (arg) {
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "check"))
-			*flags |= TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "on-demand"))
-			*flags |= TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND;
-		else
-			die("bad %s argument: %s", opt->long_name, arg);
-	} else
-		die("option %s needs an argument (check|on-demand)",
-				opt->long_name);
+	if (unset)
+		*recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
+	else if (arg)
+		*recurse_submodules = parse_push_recurse_submodules_arg(opt->long_name, arg);
+	else
+		die("%s missing parameter", opt->long_name);
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void set_push_cert_flags(int *flags, int v)
+{
+	switch (v) {
+	case SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_NEVER:
+		*flags &= ~(TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS | TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED);
+		break;
+	case SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS:
+		*flags |= TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS;
+		*flags &= ~TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED;
+		break;
+	case SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED:
+		*flags |= TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED;
+		*flags &= ~TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS;
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+
 static int git_push_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 {
-	struct wt_status *s = cb;
+	const char *slot_name;
+	int *flags = cb;
 	int status;
 
 	status = git_gpg_config(k, v, NULL);
 	if (status)
 		return status;
-	return git_default_config(k, v, s);
+
+	if (!strcmp(k, "push.followtags")) {
+		if (git_config_bool(k, v))
+			*flags |= TRANSPORT_PUSH_FOLLOW_TAGS;
+		else
+			*flags &= ~TRANSPORT_PUSH_FOLLOW_TAGS;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(k, "push.gpgsign")) {
+		const char *value;
+		if (!git_config_get_value("push.gpgsign", &value)) {
+			switch (git_parse_maybe_bool(value)) {
+			case 0:
+				set_push_cert_flags(flags, SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_NEVER);
+				break;
+			case 1:
+				set_push_cert_flags(flags, SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS);
+				break;
+			default:
+				if (value && !strcasecmp(value, "if-asked"))
+					set_push_cert_flags(flags, SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED);
+				else
+					return error("Invalid value for '%s'", k);
+			}
+		}
+	} else if (!strcmp(k, "push.recursesubmodules")) {
+		const char *value;
+		if (!git_config_get_value("push.recursesubmodules", &value))
+			recurse_submodules = parse_push_recurse_submodules_arg(k, value);
+	} else if (!strcmp(k, "submodule.recurse")) {
+		int val = git_config_bool(k, v) ?
+			RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND : RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
+		recurse_submodules = val;
+	} else if (!strcmp(k, "push.pushoption")) {
+		if (!v)
+			return config_error_nonbool(k);
+		else
+			if (!*v)
+				string_list_clear(&push_options_config, 0);
+			else
+				string_list_append(&push_options_config, v);
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(k, "color.push")) {
+		push_use_color = git_config_colorbool(k, v);
+		return 0;
+	} else if (skip_prefix(k, "color.push.", &slot_name)) {
+		int slot = parse_push_color_slot(slot_name);
+		if (slot < 0)
+			return 0;
+		if (!v)
+			return config_error_nonbool(k);
+		return color_parse(v, push_colors[slot]);
+	}
+
+	return git_default_config(k, v, NULL);
 }
 
 int cmd_push(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int flags = 0;
 	int tags = 0;
+	int push_cert = -1;
 	int rc;
-	int atomic = 0;
 	const char *repo = NULL;	/* default repository */
+	struct string_list push_options_cmdline = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct string_list *push_options;
+	const struct string_list_item *item;
+
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT__VERBOSITY(&verbosity),
 		OPT_STRING( 0 , "repo", &repo, N_("repository"), N_("repository")),
 		OPT_BIT( 0 , "all", &flags, N_("push all refs"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL),
 		OPT_BIT( 0 , "mirror", &flags, N_("mirror all refs"),
 			    (TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR|TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE)),
-		OPT_BOOL( 0, "delete", &deleterefs, N_("delete refs")),
+		OPT_BOOL('d', "delete", &deleterefs, N_("delete refs")),
 		OPT_BOOL( 0 , "tags", &tags, N_("push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)")),
 		OPT_BIT('n' , "dry-run", &flags, N_("dry run"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN),
 		OPT_BIT( 0,  "porcelain", &flags, N_("machine-readable output"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_PORCELAIN),
 		OPT_BIT('f', "force", &flags, N_("force updates"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK,
-		  0, CAS_OPT_NAME, &cas, N_("refname>:<expect"),
+		  0, CAS_OPT_NAME, &cas, N_("<refname>:<expect>"),
 		  N_("require old value of ref to be at this value"),
-		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, parseopt_push_cas_option },
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "recurse-submodules", &flags, "check|on-demand",
+		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP, parseopt_push_cas_option },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "recurse-submodules", &recurse_submodules, "(check|on-demand|no)",
 			N_("control recursive pushing of submodules"),
 			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, option_parse_recurse_submodules },
-		OPT_BOOL( 0 , "thin", &thin, N_("use thin pack")),
+		OPT_BOOL_F( 0 , "thin", &thin, N_("use thin pack"), PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
 		OPT_STRING( 0 , "receive-pack", &receivepack, "receive-pack", N_("receive pack program")),
 		OPT_STRING( 0 , "exec", &receivepack, "receive-pack", N_("receive pack program")),
 		OPT_BIT('u', "set-upstream", &flags, N_("set upstream for git pull/status"),
@@ -518,32 +575,67 @@ int cmd_push(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_BIT(0, "no-verify", &flags, N_("bypass pre-push hook"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_NO_HOOK),
 		OPT_BIT(0, "follow-tags", &flags, N_("push missing but relevant tags"),
 			TRANSPORT_PUSH_FOLLOW_TAGS),
-		OPT_BIT(0, "signed", &flags, N_("GPG sign the push"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT),
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "atomic", &atomic, N_("request atomic transaction on remote side")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK,
+		  0, "signed", &push_cert, "(yes|no|if-asked)", N_("GPG sign the push"),
+		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, option_parse_push_signed },
+		OPT_BIT(0, "atomic", &flags, N_("request atomic transaction on remote side"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_ATOMIC),
+		OPT_STRING_LIST('o', "push-option", &push_options_cmdline, N_("server-specific"), N_("option to transmit")),
+		OPT_SET_INT('4', "ipv4", &family, N_("use IPv4 addresses only"),
+				TRANSPORT_FAMILY_IPV4),
+		OPT_SET_INT('6', "ipv6", &family, N_("use IPv6 addresses only"),
+				TRANSPORT_FAMILY_IPV6),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
 	packet_trace_identity("push");
-	git_config(git_push_config, NULL);
+	git_config(git_push_config, &flags);
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, push_usage, 0);
+	push_options = (push_options_cmdline.nr
+		? &push_options_cmdline
+		: &push_options_config);
+	set_push_cert_flags(&flags, push_cert);
 
 	if (deleterefs && (tags || (flags & (TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL | TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR))))
 		die(_("--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"));
 	if (deleterefs && argc < 2)
 		die(_("--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"));
+	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL) {
+		if (tags)
+			die(_("--all and --tags are incompatible"));
+		if (argc >= 2)
+			die(_("--all can't be combined with refspecs"));
+	}
+	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR) {
+		if (tags)
+			die(_("--mirror and --tags are incompatible"));
+		if (argc >= 2)
+			die(_("--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"));
+	}
+	if ((flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL) && (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR))
+		die(_("--all and --mirror are incompatible"));
 
-	if (tags)
-		add_refspec("refs/tags/*");
+	if (recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK)
+		flags |= TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK;
+	else if (recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND)
+		flags |= TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND;
+	else if (recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ONLY)
+		flags |= TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ONLY;
 
-	if (atomic)
-		flags |= TRANSPORT_PUSH_ATOMIC;
+	if (tags)
+		refspec_append(&rs, "refs/tags/*");
 
 	if (argc > 0) {
 		repo = argv[0];
 		set_refspecs(argv + 1, argc - 1, repo);
 	}
 
-	rc = do_push(repo, flags);
+	for_each_string_list_item(item, push_options)
+		if (strchr(item->string, '\n'))
+			die(_("push options must not have new line characters"));
+
+	rc = do_push(repo, flags, push_options);
+	string_list_clear(&push_options_cmdline, 0);
+	string_list_clear(&push_options_config, 0);
 	if (rc == -1)
 		usage_with_options(push_usage, options);
 	else
diff --git a/builtin/range-diff.c b/builtin/range-diff.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f52d45d9d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin/range-diff.c
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "range-diff.h"
+#include "config.h"
+
+static const char * const builtin_range_diff_usage[] = {
+N_("git range-diff [<options>] <old-base>..<old-tip> <new-base>..<new-tip>"),
+N_("git range-diff [<options>] <old-tip>...<new-tip>"),
+N_("git range-diff [<options>] <base> <old-tip> <new-tip>"),
+NULL
+};
+
+static struct strbuf *output_prefix_cb(struct diff_options *opt, void *data)
+{
+	return data;
+}
+
+int cmd_range_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int creation_factor = 60;
+	struct diff_options diffopt = { NULL };
+	int simple_color = -1;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "creation-factor", &creation_factor,
+			    N_("Percentage by which creation is weighted")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "no-dual-color", &simple_color,
+			    N_("color both diff and diff-between-diffs")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+	int i, j, res = 0;
+	struct strbuf four_spaces = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf range1 = STRBUF_INIT, range2 = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	git_config(git_diff_ui_config, NULL);
+
+	diff_setup(&diffopt);
+	diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
+	diffopt.flags.suppress_diff_headers = 1;
+	diffopt.output_prefix = output_prefix_cb;
+	strbuf_addstr(&four_spaces, "    ");
+	diffopt.output_prefix_data = &four_spaces;
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options,
+			     builtin_range_diff_usage, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN |
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH | PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
+
+	for (i = j = 1; i < argc && strcmp("--", argv[i]); ) {
+		int c = diff_opt_parse(&diffopt, argv + i, argc - i, prefix);
+
+		if (!c)
+			argv[j++] = argv[i++];
+		else
+			i += c;
+	}
+	while (i < argc)
+		argv[j++] = argv[i++];
+	argc = j;
+	diff_setup_done(&diffopt);
+
+	/* Make sure that there are no unparsed options */
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL,
+			     options + ARRAY_SIZE(options) - 1, /* OPT_END */
+			     builtin_range_diff_usage, 0);
+
+	if (simple_color < 1) {
+		if (!simple_color)
+			/* force color when --dual-color was used */
+			diffopt.use_color = 1;
+		diffopt.flags.dual_color_diffed_diffs = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (argc == 2) {
+		if (!strstr(argv[0], ".."))
+			die(_("no .. in range: '%s'"), argv[0]);
+		strbuf_addstr(&range1, argv[0]);
+
+		if (!strstr(argv[1], ".."))
+			die(_("no .. in range: '%s'"), argv[1]);
+		strbuf_addstr(&range2, argv[1]);
+	} else if (argc == 3) {
+		strbuf_addf(&range1, "%s..%s", argv[0], argv[1]);
+		strbuf_addf(&range2, "%s..%s", argv[0], argv[2]);
+	} else if (argc == 1) {
+		const char *b = strstr(argv[0], "..."), *a = argv[0];
+		int a_len;
+
+		if (!b) {
+			error(_("single arg format must be symmetric range"));
+			usage_with_options(builtin_range_diff_usage, options);
+		}
+
+		a_len = (int)(b - a);
+		if (!a_len) {
+			a = "HEAD";
+			a_len = strlen(a);
+		}
+		b += 3;
+		if (!*b)
+			b = "HEAD";
+		strbuf_addf(&range1, "%s..%.*s", b, a_len, a);
+		strbuf_addf(&range2, "%.*s..%s", a_len, a, b);
+	} else {
+		error(_("need two commit ranges"));
+		usage_with_options(builtin_range_diff_usage, options);
+	}
+
+	res = show_range_diff(range1.buf, range2.buf, creation_factor,
+			      &diffopt);
+
+	strbuf_release(&range1);
+	strbuf_release(&range2);
+	strbuf_release(&four_spaces);
+
+	return res;
+}
diff --git a/builtin/read-tree.c b/builtin/read-tree.c
index 43b47f72f1..fbbc98e516 100644
--- a/builtin/read-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/read-tree.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "tree.h"
@@ -15,18 +16,20 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "resolve-undo.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
 
 static int nr_trees;
 static int read_empty;
 static struct tree *trees[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
 
-static int list_tree(unsigned char *sha1)
+static int list_tree(struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct tree *tree;
 
 	if (nr_trees >= MAX_UNPACK_TREES)
 		die("I cannot read more than %d trees", MAX_UNPACK_TREES);
-	tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
+	tree = parse_tree_indirect(oid);
 	if (!tree)
 		return -1;
 	trees[nr_trees++] = tree;
@@ -34,7 +37,7 @@ static int list_tree(unsigned char *sha1)
 }
 
 static const char * const read_tree_usage[] = {
-	N_("git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] [-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"),
+	N_("git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>) [-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -78,7 +81,7 @@ static void debug_stage(const char *label, const struct cache_entry *ce,
 	else
 		printf("%06o #%d %s %.8s\n",
 		       ce->ce_mode, ce_stage(ce), ce->name,
-		       sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
+		       oid_to_hex(&ce->oid));
 }
 
 static int debug_merge(const struct cache_entry * const *stages,
@@ -90,53 +93,63 @@ static int debug_merge(const struct cache_entry * const *stages,
 	debug_stage("index", stages[0], o);
 	for (i = 1; i <= o->merge_size; i++) {
 		char buf[24];
-		sprintf(buf, "ent#%d", i);
+		xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "ent#%d", i);
 		debug_stage(buf, stages[i], o);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static struct lock_file lock_file;
+static int git_read_tree_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "submodule.recurse"))
+		return git_default_submodule_config(var, value, cb);
+
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+}
 
 int cmd_read_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 {
 	int i, stage = 0;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct tree_desc t[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
 	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
 	int prefix_set = 0;
+	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
 	const struct option read_tree_options[] = {
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "index-output", NULL, N_("file"),
 		  N_("write resulting index to <file>"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_NONEG, index_output_cb },
-		OPT_SET_INT(0, "empty", &read_empty,
-			    N_("only empty the index"), 1),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "empty", &read_empty,
+			    N_("only empty the index")),
 		OPT__VERBOSE(&opts.verbose_update, N_("be verbose")),
 		OPT_GROUP(N_("Merging")),
-		OPT_SET_INT('m', NULL, &opts.merge,
-			    N_("perform a merge in addition to a read"), 1),
-		OPT_SET_INT(0, "trivial", &opts.trivial_merges_only,
-			    N_("3-way merge if no file level merging required"), 1),
-		OPT_SET_INT(0, "aggressive", &opts.aggressive,
-			    N_("3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"), 1),
-		OPT_SET_INT(0, "reset", &opts.reset,
-			    N_("same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"), 1),
+		OPT_BOOL('m', NULL, &opts.merge,
+			 N_("perform a merge in addition to a read")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "trivial", &opts.trivial_merges_only,
+			 N_("3-way merge if no file level merging required")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "aggressive", &opts.aggressive,
+			 N_("3-way merge in presence of adds and removes")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "reset", &opts.reset,
+			 N_("same as -m, but discard unmerged entries")),
 		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "prefix", &opts.prefix, N_("<subdirectory>/"),
 		  N_("read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"),
-		  PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP },
-		OPT_SET_INT('u', NULL, &opts.update,
-			    N_("update working tree with merge result"), 1),
+		  PARSE_OPT_NONEG },
+		OPT_BOOL('u', NULL, &opts.update,
+			 N_("update working tree with merge result")),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude-per-directory", &opts,
 		  N_("gitignore"),
 		  N_("allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_NONEG, exclude_per_directory_cb },
-		OPT_SET_INT('i', NULL, &opts.index_only,
-			    N_("don't check the working tree after merging"), 1),
+		OPT_BOOL('i', NULL, &opts.index_only,
+			 N_("don't check the working tree after merging")),
 		OPT__DRY_RUN(&opts.dry_run, N_("don't update the index or the work tree")),
-		OPT_SET_INT(0, "no-sparse-checkout", &opts.skip_sparse_checkout,
-			    N_("skip applying sparse checkout filter"), 1),
-		OPT_SET_INT(0, "debug-unpack", &opts.debug_unpack,
-			    N_("debug unpack-trees"), 1),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "no-sparse-checkout", &opts.skip_sparse_checkout,
+			 N_("skip applying sparse checkout filter")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "debug-unpack", &opts.debug_unpack,
+			 N_("debug unpack-trees")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "recurse-submodules", NULL,
+			    "checkout", "control recursive updating of submodules",
+			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, option_parse_recurse_submodules_worktree_updater },
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -145,12 +158,12 @@ int cmd_read_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 	opts.src_index = &the_index;
 	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
 
-	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	git_config(git_read_tree_config, NULL);
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, unused_prefix, read_tree_options,
 			     read_tree_usage, 0);
 
-	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
+	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 
 	prefix_set = opts.prefix ? 1 : 0;
 	if (1 < opts.merge + opts.reset + prefix_set)
@@ -175,13 +188,13 @@ int cmd_read_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
 
-		if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
+		if (get_oid(arg, &oid))
 			die("Not a valid object name %s", arg);
-		if (list_tree(sha1) < 0)
+		if (list_tree(&oid) < 0)
 			die("failed to unpack tree object %s", arg);
 		stage++;
 	}
-	if (nr_trees == 0 && !read_empty)
+	if (!nr_trees && !read_empty && !opts.merge)
 		warning("read-tree: emptying the index with no arguments is deprecated; use --empty");
 	else if (nr_trees > 0 && read_empty)
 		die("passing trees as arguments contradicts --empty");
@@ -197,9 +210,10 @@ int cmd_read_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 		setup_work_tree();
 
 	if (opts.merge) {
-		if (stage < 2)
-			die("just how do you expect me to merge %d trees?", stage-1);
 		switch (stage - 1) {
+		case 0:
+			die("you must specify at least one tree to merge");
+			break;
 		case 1:
 			opts.fn = opts.prefix ? bind_merge : oneway_merge;
 			break;
diff --git a/builtin/rebase--helper.c b/builtin/rebase--helper.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f7c2a5fdc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin/rebase--helper.c
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "sequencer.h"
+
+static const char * const builtin_rebase_helper_usage[] = {
+	N_("git rebase--helper [<options>]"),
+	NULL
+};
+
+int cmd_rebase__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct replay_opts opts = REPLAY_OPTS_INIT;
+	unsigned flags = 0, keep_empty = 0, rebase_merges = 0;
+	int abbreviate_commands = 0, rebase_cousins = -1;
+	enum {
+		CONTINUE = 1, ABORT, MAKE_SCRIPT, SHORTEN_OIDS, EXPAND_OIDS,
+		CHECK_TODO_LIST, SKIP_UNNECESSARY_PICKS, REARRANGE_SQUASH,
+		ADD_EXEC
+	} command = 0;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "ff", &opts.allow_ff, N_("allow fast-forward")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "keep-empty", &keep_empty, N_("keep empty commits")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "allow-empty-message", &opts.allow_empty_message,
+			N_("allow commits with empty messages")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "rebase-merges", &rebase_merges, N_("rebase merge commits")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "rebase-cousins", &rebase_cousins,
+			 N_("keep original branch points of cousins")),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "continue", &command, N_("continue rebase"),
+				CONTINUE),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "abort", &command, N_("abort rebase"),
+				ABORT),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "make-script", &command,
+			N_("make rebase script"), MAKE_SCRIPT),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "shorten-ids", &command,
+			N_("shorten commit ids in the todo list"), SHORTEN_OIDS),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "expand-ids", &command,
+			N_("expand commit ids in the todo list"), EXPAND_OIDS),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "check-todo-list", &command,
+			N_("check the todo list"), CHECK_TODO_LIST),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "skip-unnecessary-picks", &command,
+			N_("skip unnecessary picks"), SKIP_UNNECESSARY_PICKS),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "rearrange-squash", &command,
+			N_("rearrange fixup/squash lines"), REARRANGE_SQUASH),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "add-exec-commands", &command,
+			N_("insert exec commands in todo list"), ADD_EXEC),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	sequencer_init_config(&opts);
+	git_config_get_bool("rebase.abbreviatecommands", &abbreviate_commands);
+
+	opts.action = REPLAY_INTERACTIVE_REBASE;
+	opts.allow_ff = 1;
+	opts.allow_empty = 1;
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options,
+			builtin_rebase_helper_usage, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
+
+	flags |= keep_empty ? TODO_LIST_KEEP_EMPTY : 0;
+	flags |= abbreviate_commands ? TODO_LIST_ABBREVIATE_CMDS : 0;
+	flags |= rebase_merges ? TODO_LIST_REBASE_MERGES : 0;
+	flags |= rebase_cousins > 0 ? TODO_LIST_REBASE_COUSINS : 0;
+	flags |= command == SHORTEN_OIDS ? TODO_LIST_SHORTEN_IDS : 0;
+
+	if (rebase_cousins >= 0 && !rebase_merges)
+		warning(_("--[no-]rebase-cousins has no effect without "
+			  "--rebase-merges"));
+
+	if (command == CONTINUE && argc == 1)
+		return !!sequencer_continue(&opts);
+	if (command == ABORT && argc == 1)
+		return !!sequencer_remove_state(&opts);
+	if (command == MAKE_SCRIPT && argc > 1)
+		return !!sequencer_make_script(stdout, argc, argv, flags);
+	if ((command == SHORTEN_OIDS || command == EXPAND_OIDS) && argc == 1)
+		return !!transform_todos(flags);
+	if (command == CHECK_TODO_LIST && argc == 1)
+		return !!check_todo_list();
+	if (command == SKIP_UNNECESSARY_PICKS && argc == 1)
+		return !!skip_unnecessary_picks();
+	if (command == REARRANGE_SQUASH && argc == 1)
+		return !!rearrange_squash();
+	if (command == ADD_EXEC && argc == 2)
+		return !!sequencer_add_exec_commands(argv[1]);
+	usage_with_options(builtin_rebase_helper_usage, options);
+}
diff --git a/builtin/receive-pack.c b/builtin/receive-pack.c
index 70e9ce5f96..c17ce94e12 100644
--- a/builtin/receive-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/receive-pack.c
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "sideband.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "remote.h"
@@ -19,8 +21,17 @@
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
-
-static const char receive_pack_usage[] = "git receive-pack <git-dir>";
+#include "fsck.h"
+#include "tmp-objdir.h"
+#include "oidset.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "protocol.h"
+
+static const char * const receive_pack_usage[] = {
+	N_("git receive-pack <git-dir>"),
+	NULL
+};
 
 enum deny_action {
 	DENY_UNCONFIGURED,
@@ -36,18 +47,22 @@ static enum deny_action deny_current_branch = DENY_UNCONFIGURED;
 static enum deny_action deny_delete_current = DENY_UNCONFIGURED;
 static int receive_fsck_objects = -1;
 static int transfer_fsck_objects = -1;
+static struct strbuf fsck_msg_types = STRBUF_INIT;
 static int receive_unpack_limit = -1;
 static int transfer_unpack_limit = -1;
 static int advertise_atomic_push = 1;
+static int advertise_push_options;
 static int unpack_limit = 100;
+static off_t max_input_size;
 static int report_status;
 static int use_sideband;
 static int use_atomic;
+static int use_push_options;
 static int quiet;
 static int prefer_ofs_delta = 1;
 static int auto_update_server_info;
 static int auto_gc = 1;
-static int fix_thin = 1;
+static int reject_thin;
 static int stateless_rpc;
 static const char *service_dir;
 static const char *head_name;
@@ -56,7 +71,7 @@ static int sent_capabilities;
 static int shallow_update;
 static const char *alt_shallow_file;
 static struct strbuf push_cert = STRBUF_INIT;
-static unsigned char push_cert_sha1[20];
+static struct object_id push_cert_oid;
 static struct signature_check sigcheck;
 static const char *push_cert_nonce;
 static const char *cert_nonce_seed;
@@ -68,9 +83,18 @@ static const char *NONCE_OK = "OK";
 static const char *NONCE_SLOP = "SLOP";
 static const char *nonce_status;
 static long nonce_stamp_slop;
-static unsigned long nonce_stamp_slop_limit;
+static timestamp_t nonce_stamp_slop_limit;
 static struct ref_transaction *transaction;
 
+static enum {
+	KEEPALIVE_NEVER = 0,
+	KEEPALIVE_AFTER_NUL,
+	KEEPALIVE_ALWAYS
+} use_keepalive;
+static int keepalive_in_sec = 5;
+
+static struct tmp_objdir *tmp_objdir;
+
 static enum deny_action parse_deny_action(const char *var, const char *value)
 {
 	if (value) {
@@ -115,6 +139,26 @@ static int receive_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (strcmp(var, "receive.fsck.skiplist") == 0) {
+		const char *path;
+
+		if (git_config_pathname(&path, var, value))
+			return 1;
+		strbuf_addf(&fsck_msg_types, "%cskiplist=%s",
+			fsck_msg_types.len ? ',' : '=', path);
+		free((char *)path);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (skip_prefix(var, "receive.fsck.", &var)) {
+		if (is_valid_msg_type(var, value))
+			strbuf_addf(&fsck_msg_types, "%c%s=%s",
+				fsck_msg_types.len ? ',' : '=', var, value);
+		else
+			warning("Skipping unknown msg id '%s'", var);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (strcmp(var, "receive.fsckobjects") == 0) {
 		receive_fsck_objects = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
@@ -168,16 +212,28 @@ static int receive_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (strcmp(var, "receive.advertisepushoptions") == 0) {
+		advertise_push_options = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (strcmp(var, "receive.keepalive") == 0) {
+		keepalive_in_sec = git_config_int(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (strcmp(var, "receive.maxinputsize") == 0) {
+		max_input_size = git_config_int64(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
-static void show_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1)
+static void show_ref(const char *path, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	if (ref_is_hidden(path))
-		return;
-
 	if (sent_capabilities) {
-		packet_write(1, "%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), path);
+		packet_write_fmt(1, "%s %s\n", oid_to_hex(oid), path);
 	} else {
 		struct strbuf cap = STRBUF_INIT;
 
@@ -189,51 +245,62 @@ static void show_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1)
 			strbuf_addstr(&cap, " ofs-delta");
 		if (push_cert_nonce)
 			strbuf_addf(&cap, " push-cert=%s", push_cert_nonce);
+		if (advertise_push_options)
+			strbuf_addstr(&cap, " push-options");
 		strbuf_addf(&cap, " agent=%s", git_user_agent_sanitized());
-		packet_write(1, "%s %s%c%s\n",
-			     sha1_to_hex(sha1), path, 0, cap.buf);
+		packet_write_fmt(1, "%s %s%c%s\n",
+			     oid_to_hex(oid), path, 0, cap.buf);
 		strbuf_release(&cap);
 		sent_capabilities = 1;
 	}
 }
 
-static int show_ref_cb(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *unused)
+static int show_ref_cb(const char *path_full, const struct object_id *oid,
+		       int flag, void *data)
 {
-	path = strip_namespace(path);
+	struct oidset *seen = data;
+	const char *path = strip_namespace(path_full);
+
+	if (ref_is_hidden(path, path_full))
+		return 0;
+
 	/*
 	 * Advertise refs outside our current namespace as ".have"
 	 * refs, so that the client can use them to minimize data
-	 * transfer but will otherwise ignore them. This happens to
-	 * cover ".have" that are thrown in by add_one_alternate_ref()
-	 * to mark histories that are complete in our alternates as
-	 * well.
+	 * transfer but will otherwise ignore them.
 	 */
-	if (!path)
+	if (!path) {
+		if (oidset_insert(seen, oid))
+			return 0;
 		path = ".have";
-	show_ref(path, sha1);
+	} else {
+		oidset_insert(seen, oid);
+	}
+	show_ref(path, oid);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void show_one_alternate_sha1(const unsigned char sha1[20], void *unused)
+static void show_one_alternate_ref(const char *refname,
+				   const struct object_id *oid,
+				   void *data)
 {
-	show_ref(".have", sha1);
-}
+	struct oidset *seen = data;
 
-static void collect_one_alternate_ref(const struct ref *ref, void *data)
-{
-	struct sha1_array *sa = data;
-	sha1_array_append(sa, ref->old_sha1);
+	if (oidset_insert(seen, oid))
+		return;
+
+	show_ref(".have", oid);
 }
 
 static void write_head_info(void)
 {
-	struct sha1_array sa = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
-	for_each_alternate_ref(collect_one_alternate_ref, &sa);
-	sha1_array_for_each_unique(&sa, show_one_alternate_sha1, NULL);
-	sha1_array_clear(&sa);
-	for_each_ref(show_ref_cb, NULL);
+	static struct oidset seen = OIDSET_INIT;
+
+	for_each_ref(show_ref_cb, &seen);
+	for_each_alternate_ref(show_one_alternate_ref, &seen);
+	oidset_clear(&seen);
 	if (!sent_capabilities)
-		show_ref("capabilities^{}", null_sha1);
+		show_ref("capabilities^{}", &null_oid);
 
 	advertise_shallow_grafts(1);
 
@@ -247,8 +314,8 @@ struct command {
 	unsigned int skip_update:1,
 		     did_not_exist:1;
 	int index;
-	unsigned char old_sha1[20];
-	unsigned char new_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id old_oid;
+	struct object_id new_oid;
 	char ref_name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 
@@ -257,10 +324,10 @@ static void rp_warning(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2
 
 static void report_message(const char *prefix, const char *err, va_list params)
 {
-	int sz = strlen(prefix);
+	int sz;
 	char msg[4096];
 
-	strncpy(msg, prefix, sz);
+	sz = xsnprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "%s", prefix);
 	sz += vsnprintf(msg + sz, sizeof(msg) - sz, err, params);
 	if (sz > (sizeof(msg) - 1))
 		sz = sizeof(msg) - 1;
@@ -291,10 +358,60 @@ static void rp_error(const char *err, ...)
 static int copy_to_sideband(int in, int out, void *arg)
 {
 	char data[128];
+	int keepalive_active = 0;
+
+	if (keepalive_in_sec <= 0)
+		use_keepalive = KEEPALIVE_NEVER;
+	if (use_keepalive == KEEPALIVE_ALWAYS)
+		keepalive_active = 1;
+
 	while (1) {
-		ssize_t sz = xread(in, data, sizeof(data));
+		ssize_t sz;
+
+		if (keepalive_active) {
+			struct pollfd pfd;
+			int ret;
+
+			pfd.fd = in;
+			pfd.events = POLLIN;
+			ret = poll(&pfd, 1, 1000 * keepalive_in_sec);
+
+			if (ret < 0) {
+				if (errno == EINTR)
+					continue;
+				else
+					break;
+			} else if (ret == 0) {
+				/* no data; send a keepalive packet */
+				static const char buf[] = "0005\1";
+				write_or_die(1, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
+				continue;
+			} /* else there is actual data to read */
+		}
+
+		sz = xread(in, data, sizeof(data));
 		if (sz <= 0)
 			break;
+
+		if (use_keepalive == KEEPALIVE_AFTER_NUL && !keepalive_active) {
+			const char *p = memchr(data, '\0', sz);
+			if (p) {
+				/*
+				 * The NUL tells us to start sending keepalives. Make
+				 * sure we send any other data we read along
+				 * with it.
+				 */
+				keepalive_active = 1;
+				send_sideband(1, 2, data, p - data, use_sideband);
+				send_sideband(1, 2, p + 1, sz - (p - data + 1), use_sideband);
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Either we're not looking for a NUL signal, or we didn't see
+		 * it yet; just pass along the data.
+		 */
 		send_sideband(1, 2, data, sz, use_sideband);
 	}
 	close(in);
@@ -338,21 +455,21 @@ static void hmac_sha1(unsigned char *out,
 	/* RFC 2104 2. (6) & (7) */
 	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
 	git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, k_opad, sizeof(k_opad));
-	git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, out, 20);
+	git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, out, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
 	git_SHA1_Final(out, &ctx);
 }
 
-static char *prepare_push_cert_nonce(const char *path, unsigned long stamp)
+static char *prepare_push_cert_nonce(const char *path, timestamp_t stamp)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	unsigned char sha1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
 
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s:%lu", path, stamp);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s:%"PRItime, path, stamp);
 	hmac_sha1(sha1, buf.buf, buf.len, cert_nonce_seed, strlen(cert_nonce_seed));;
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 
 	/* RFC 2104 5. HMAC-SHA1-80 */
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%lu-%.*s", stamp, 20, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%"PRItime"-%.*s", stamp, GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 }
 
@@ -361,7 +478,8 @@ static char *prepare_push_cert_nonce(const char *path, unsigned long stamp)
  * after dropping "_commit" from its name and possibly moving it out
  * of commit.c
  */
-static char *find_header(const char *msg, size_t len, const char *key)
+static char *find_header(const char *msg, size_t len, const char *key,
+			 const char **next_line)
 {
 	int key_len = strlen(key);
 	const char *line = msg;
@@ -374,6 +492,8 @@ static char *find_header(const char *msg, size_t len, const char *key)
 		if (line + key_len < eol &&
 		    !memcmp(line, key, key_len) && line[key_len] == ' ') {
 			int offset = key_len + 1;
+			if (next_line)
+				*next_line = *eol ? eol + 1 : eol;
 			return xmemdupz(line + offset, (eol - line) - offset);
 		}
 		line = *eol ? eol + 1 : NULL;
@@ -383,8 +503,8 @@ static char *find_header(const char *msg, size_t len, const char *key)
 
 static const char *check_nonce(const char *buf, size_t len)
 {
-	char *nonce = find_header(buf, len, "nonce");
-	unsigned long stamp, ostamp;
+	char *nonce = find_header(buf, len, "nonce", NULL);
+	timestamp_t stamp, ostamp;
 	char *bohmac, *expect = NULL;
 	const char *retval = NONCE_BAD;
 
@@ -422,7 +542,7 @@ static const char *check_nonce(const char *buf, size_t len)
 		retval = NONCE_BAD;
 		goto leave;
 	}
-	stamp = strtoul(nonce, &bohmac, 10);
+	stamp = parse_timestamp(nonce, &bohmac, 10);
 	if (bohmac == nonce || bohmac[0] != '-') {
 		retval = NONCE_BAD;
 		goto leave;
@@ -440,7 +560,7 @@ static const char *check_nonce(const char *buf, size_t len)
 	 * would mean it was issued by another server with its clock
 	 * skewed in the future.
 	 */
-	ostamp = strtoul(push_cert_nonce, NULL, 10);
+	ostamp = parse_timestamp(push_cert_nonce, NULL, 10);
 	nonce_stamp_slop = (long)ostamp - (long)stamp;
 
 	if (nonce_stamp_slop_limit &&
@@ -463,6 +583,45 @@ leave:
 	return retval;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Return 1 if there is no push_cert or if the push options in push_cert are
+ * the same as those in the argument; 0 otherwise.
+ */
+static int check_cert_push_options(const struct string_list *push_options)
+{
+	const char *buf = push_cert.buf;
+	int len = push_cert.len;
+
+	char *option;
+	const char *next_line;
+	int options_seen = 0;
+
+	int retval = 1;
+
+	if (!len)
+		return 1;
+
+	while ((option = find_header(buf, len, "push-option", &next_line))) {
+		len -= (next_line - buf);
+		buf = next_line;
+		options_seen++;
+		if (options_seen > push_options->nr
+		    || strcmp(option,
+			      push_options->items[options_seen - 1].string)) {
+			retval = 0;
+			goto leave;
+		}
+		free(option);
+	}
+
+	if (options_seen != push_options->nr)
+		retval = 0;
+
+leave:
+	free(option);
+	return retval;
+}
+
 static void prepare_push_cert_sha1(struct child_process *proc)
 {
 	static int already_done;
@@ -471,36 +630,24 @@ static void prepare_push_cert_sha1(struct child_process *proc)
 		return;
 
 	if (!already_done) {
-		struct strbuf gpg_output = STRBUF_INIT;
-		struct strbuf gpg_status = STRBUF_INIT;
 		int bogs /* beginning_of_gpg_sig */;
 
 		already_done = 1;
-		if (write_sha1_file(push_cert.buf, push_cert.len, "blob", push_cert_sha1))
-			hashclr(push_cert_sha1);
+		if (write_object_file(push_cert.buf, push_cert.len, "blob",
+				      &push_cert_oid))
+			oidclr(&push_cert_oid);
 
 		memset(&sigcheck, '\0', sizeof(sigcheck));
-		sigcheck.result = 'N';
 
 		bogs = parse_signature(push_cert.buf, push_cert.len);
-		if (verify_signed_buffer(push_cert.buf, bogs,
-					 push_cert.buf + bogs, push_cert.len - bogs,
-					 &gpg_output, &gpg_status) < 0) {
-			; /* error running gpg */
-		} else {
-			sigcheck.payload = push_cert.buf;
-			sigcheck.gpg_output = gpg_output.buf;
-			sigcheck.gpg_status = gpg_status.buf;
-			parse_gpg_output(&sigcheck);
-		}
+		check_signature(push_cert.buf, bogs, push_cert.buf + bogs,
+				push_cert.len - bogs, &sigcheck);
 
-		strbuf_release(&gpg_output);
-		strbuf_release(&gpg_status);
 		nonce_status = check_nonce(push_cert.buf, bogs);
 	}
-	if (!is_null_sha1(push_cert_sha1)) {
+	if (!is_null_oid(&push_cert_oid)) {
 		argv_array_pushf(&proc->env_array, "GIT_PUSH_CERT=%s",
-				 sha1_to_hex(push_cert_sha1));
+				 oid_to_hex(&push_cert_oid));
 		argv_array_pushf(&proc->env_array, "GIT_PUSH_CERT_SIGNER=%s",
 				 sigcheck.signer ? sigcheck.signer : "");
 		argv_array_pushf(&proc->env_array, "GIT_PUSH_CERT_KEY=%s",
@@ -522,8 +669,16 @@ static void prepare_push_cert_sha1(struct child_process *proc)
 	}
 }
 
+struct receive_hook_feed_state {
+	struct command *cmd;
+	int skip_broken;
+	struct strbuf buf;
+	const struct string_list *push_options;
+};
+
 typedef int (*feed_fn)(void *, const char **, size_t *);
-static int run_and_feed_hook(const char *hook_name, feed_fn feed, void *feed_state)
+static int run_and_feed_hook(const char *hook_name, feed_fn feed,
+			     struct receive_hook_feed_state *feed_state)
 {
 	struct child_process proc = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 	struct async muxer;
@@ -539,6 +694,19 @@ static int run_and_feed_hook(const char *hook_name, feed_fn feed, void *feed_sta
 	proc.argv = argv;
 	proc.in = -1;
 	proc.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+	if (feed_state->push_options) {
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < feed_state->push_options->nr; i++)
+			argv_array_pushf(&proc.env_array,
+				"GIT_PUSH_OPTION_%d=%s", i,
+				feed_state->push_options->items[i].string);
+		argv_array_pushf(&proc.env_array, "GIT_PUSH_OPTION_COUNT=%d",
+				 feed_state->push_options->nr);
+	} else
+		argv_array_pushf(&proc.env_array, "GIT_PUSH_OPTION_COUNT");
+
+	if (tmp_objdir)
+		argv_array_pushv(&proc.env_array, tmp_objdir_env(tmp_objdir));
 
 	if (use_sideband) {
 		memset(&muxer, 0, sizeof(muxer));
@@ -566,7 +734,7 @@ static int run_and_feed_hook(const char *hook_name, feed_fn feed, void *feed_sta
 		size_t n;
 		if (feed(feed_state, &buf, &n))
 			break;
-		if (write_in_full(proc.in, buf, n) != n)
+		if (write_in_full(proc.in, buf, n) < 0)
 			break;
 	}
 	close(proc.in);
@@ -578,12 +746,6 @@ static int run_and_feed_hook(const char *hook_name, feed_fn feed, void *feed_sta
 	return finish_command(&proc);
 }
 
-struct receive_hook_feed_state {
-	struct command *cmd;
-	int skip_broken;
-	struct strbuf buf;
-};
-
 static int feed_receive_hook(void *state_, const char **bufp, size_t *sizep)
 {
 	struct receive_hook_feed_state *state = state_;
@@ -596,7 +758,7 @@ static int feed_receive_hook(void *state_, const char **bufp, size_t *sizep)
 		return -1; /* EOF */
 	strbuf_reset(&state->buf);
 	strbuf_addf(&state->buf, "%s %s %s\n",
-		    sha1_to_hex(cmd->old_sha1), sha1_to_hex(cmd->new_sha1),
+		    oid_to_hex(&cmd->old_oid), oid_to_hex(&cmd->new_oid),
 		    cmd->ref_name);
 	state->cmd = cmd->next;
 	if (bufp) {
@@ -606,8 +768,10 @@ static int feed_receive_hook(void *state_, const char **bufp, size_t *sizep)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int run_receive_hook(struct command *commands, const char *hook_name,
-			    int skip_broken)
+static int run_receive_hook(struct command *commands,
+			    const char *hook_name,
+			    int skip_broken,
+			    const struct string_list *push_options)
 {
 	struct receive_hook_feed_state state;
 	int status;
@@ -618,6 +782,7 @@ static int run_receive_hook(struct command *commands, const char *hook_name,
 	if (feed_receive_hook(&state, NULL, NULL))
 		return 0;
 	state.cmd = commands;
+	state.push_options = push_options;
 	status = run_and_feed_hook(hook_name, feed_receive_hook, &state);
 	strbuf_release(&state.buf);
 	return status;
@@ -634,8 +799,8 @@ static int run_update_hook(struct command *cmd)
 		return 0;
 
 	argv[1] = cmd->ref_name;
-	argv[2] = sha1_to_hex(cmd->old_sha1);
-	argv[3] = sha1_to_hex(cmd->new_sha1);
+	argv[2] = oid_to_hex(&cmd->old_oid);
+	argv[3] = oid_to_hex(&cmd->new_oid);
 	argv[4] = NULL;
 
 	proc.no_stdin = 1;
@@ -661,55 +826,47 @@ static int is_ref_checked_out(const char *ref)
 	return !strcmp(head_name, ref);
 }
 
-static char *refuse_unconfigured_deny_msg[] = {
-	"By default, updating the current branch in a non-bare repository",
-	"is denied, because it will make the index and work tree inconsistent",
-	"with what you pushed, and will require 'git reset --hard' to match",
-	"the work tree to HEAD.",
-	"",
-	"You can set 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable to",
-	"'ignore' or 'warn' in the remote repository to allow pushing into",
-	"its current branch; however, this is not recommended unless you",
-	"arranged to update its work tree to match what you pushed in some",
-	"other way.",
-	"",
-	"To squelch this message and still keep the default behaviour, set",
-	"'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable to 'refuse'."
-};
+static char *refuse_unconfigured_deny_msg =
+	N_("By default, updating the current branch in a non-bare repository\n"
+	   "is denied, because it will make the index and work tree inconsistent\n"
+	   "with what you pushed, and will require 'git reset --hard' to match\n"
+	   "the work tree to HEAD.\n"
+	   "\n"
+	   "You can set the 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable\n"
+	   "to 'ignore' or 'warn' in the remote repository to allow pushing into\n"
+	   "its current branch; however, this is not recommended unless you\n"
+	   "arranged to update its work tree to match what you pushed in some\n"
+	   "other way.\n"
+	   "\n"
+	   "To squelch this message and still keep the default behaviour, set\n"
+	   "'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable to 'refuse'.");
 
 static void refuse_unconfigured_deny(void)
 {
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(refuse_unconfigured_deny_msg); i++)
-		rp_error("%s", refuse_unconfigured_deny_msg[i]);
+	rp_error("%s", _(refuse_unconfigured_deny_msg));
 }
 
-static char *refuse_unconfigured_deny_delete_current_msg[] = {
-	"By default, deleting the current branch is denied, because the next",
-	"'git clone' won't result in any file checked out, causing confusion.",
-	"",
-	"You can set 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' configuration variable to",
-	"'warn' or 'ignore' in the remote repository to allow deleting the",
-	"current branch, with or without a warning message.",
-	"",
-	"To squelch this message, you can set it to 'refuse'."
-};
+static char *refuse_unconfigured_deny_delete_current_msg =
+	N_("By default, deleting the current branch is denied, because the next\n"
+	   "'git clone' won't result in any file checked out, causing confusion.\n"
+	   "\n"
+	   "You can set 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' configuration variable to\n"
+	   "'warn' or 'ignore' in the remote repository to allow deleting the\n"
+	   "current branch, with or without a warning message.\n"
+	   "\n"
+	   "To squelch this message, you can set it to 'refuse'.");
 
 static void refuse_unconfigured_deny_delete_current(void)
 {
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0;
-	     i < ARRAY_SIZE(refuse_unconfigured_deny_delete_current_msg);
-	     i++)
-		rp_error("%s", refuse_unconfigured_deny_delete_current_msg[i]);
+	rp_error("%s", _(refuse_unconfigured_deny_delete_current_msg));
 }
 
-static int command_singleton_iterator(void *cb_data, unsigned char sha1[20]);
+static int command_singleton_iterator(void *cb_data, struct object_id *oid);
 static int update_shallow_ref(struct command *cmd, struct shallow_info *si)
 {
-	static struct lock_file shallow_lock;
-	struct sha1_array extra = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
-	const char *alt_file;
+	struct lock_file shallow_lock = LOCK_INIT;
+	struct oid_array extra = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct check_connected_options opt = CHECK_CONNECTED_INIT;
 	uint32_t mask = 1 << (cmd->index % 32);
 	int i;
 
@@ -719,13 +876,13 @@ static int update_shallow_ref(struct command *cmd, struct shallow_info *si)
 		if (si->used_shallow[i] &&
 		    (si->used_shallow[i][cmd->index / 32] & mask) &&
 		    !delayed_reachability_test(si, i))
-			sha1_array_append(&extra, si->shallow->sha1[i]);
+			oid_array_append(&extra, &si->shallow->oid[i]);
 
-	setup_alternate_shallow(&shallow_lock, &alt_file, &extra);
-	if (check_shallow_connected(command_singleton_iterator,
-				    0, cmd, alt_file)) {
+	opt.env = tmp_objdir_env(tmp_objdir);
+	setup_alternate_shallow(&shallow_lock, &opt.shallow_file, &extra);
+	if (check_connected(command_singleton_iterator, cmd, &opt)) {
 		rollback_lock_file(&shallow_lock);
-		sha1_array_clear(&extra);
+		oid_array_clear(&extra);
 		return -1;
 	}
 
@@ -736,13 +893,29 @@ static int update_shallow_ref(struct command *cmd, struct shallow_info *si)
 	 * not lose these new roots..
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < extra.nr; i++)
-		register_shallow(extra.sha1[i]);
+		register_shallow(the_repository, &extra.oid[i]);
 
 	si->shallow_ref[cmd->index] = 0;
-	sha1_array_clear(&extra);
+	oid_array_clear(&extra);
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * NEEDSWORK: we should consolidate various implementions of "are we
+ * on an unborn branch?" test into one, and make the unified one more
+ * robust. !get_sha1() based check used here and elsewhere would not
+ * allow us to tell an unborn branch from corrupt ref, for example.
+ * For the purpose of fixing "deploy-to-update does not work when
+ * pushing into an empty repository" issue, this should suffice for
+ * now.
+ */
+static int head_has_history(void)
+{
+	struct object_id oid;
+
+	return !get_oid("HEAD", &oid);
+}
+
 static const char *push_to_deploy(unsigned char *sha1,
 				  struct argv_array *env,
 				  const char *work_tree)
@@ -755,7 +928,7 @@ static const char *push_to_deploy(unsigned char *sha1,
 	};
 	const char *diff_index[] = {
 		"diff-index", "--quiet", "--cached", "--ignore-submodules",
-		"HEAD", "--", NULL
+		NULL, "--", NULL
 	};
 	const char *read_tree[] = {
 		"read-tree", "-u", "-m", NULL, NULL
@@ -782,6 +955,9 @@ static const char *push_to_deploy(unsigned char *sha1,
 	if (run_command(&child))
 		return "Working directory has unstaged changes";
 
+	/* diff-index with either HEAD or an empty tree */
+	diff_index[4] = head_has_history() ? "HEAD" : empty_tree_oid_hex();
+
 	child_process_init(&child);
 	child.argv = diff_index;
 	child.env = env->argv;
@@ -845,9 +1021,10 @@ static const char *update(struct command *cmd, struct shallow_info *si)
 {
 	const char *name = cmd->ref_name;
 	struct strbuf namespaced_name_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *namespaced_name, *ret;
-	unsigned char *old_sha1 = cmd->old_sha1;
-	unsigned char *new_sha1 = cmd->new_sha1;
+	static char *namespaced_name;
+	const char *ret;
+	struct object_id *old_oid = &cmd->old_oid;
+	struct object_id *new_oid = &cmd->new_oid;
 
 	/* only refs/... are allowed */
 	if (!starts_with(name, "refs/") || check_refname_format(name + 5, 0)) {
@@ -856,6 +1033,7 @@ static const char *update(struct command *cmd, struct shallow_info *si)
 	}
 
 	strbuf_addf(&namespaced_name_buf, "%s%s", get_git_namespace(), name);
+	free(namespaced_name);
 	namespaced_name = strbuf_detach(&namespaced_name_buf, NULL);
 
 	if (is_ref_checked_out(namespaced_name)) {
@@ -872,26 +1050,26 @@ static const char *update(struct command *cmd, struct shallow_info *si)
 				refuse_unconfigured_deny();
 			return "branch is currently checked out";
 		case DENY_UPDATE_INSTEAD:
-			ret = update_worktree(new_sha1);
+			ret = update_worktree(new_oid->hash);
 			if (ret)
 				return ret;
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (!is_null_sha1(new_sha1) && !has_sha1_file(new_sha1)) {
+	if (!is_null_oid(new_oid) && !has_object_file(new_oid)) {
 		error("unpack should have generated %s, "
-		      "but I can't find it!", sha1_to_hex(new_sha1));
+		      "but I can't find it!", oid_to_hex(new_oid));
 		return "bad pack";
 	}
 
-	if (!is_null_sha1(old_sha1) && is_null_sha1(new_sha1)) {
+	if (!is_null_oid(old_oid) && is_null_oid(new_oid)) {
 		if (deny_deletes && starts_with(name, "refs/heads/")) {
 			rp_error("denying ref deletion for %s", name);
 			return "deletion prohibited";
 		}
 
-		if (!strcmp(namespaced_name, head_name)) {
+		if (head_name && !strcmp(namespaced_name, head_name)) {
 			switch (deny_delete_current) {
 			case DENY_IGNORE:
 				break;
@@ -911,14 +1089,14 @@ static const char *update(struct command *cmd, struct shallow_info *si)
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (deny_non_fast_forwards && !is_null_sha1(new_sha1) &&
-	    !is_null_sha1(old_sha1) &&
+	if (deny_non_fast_forwards && !is_null_oid(new_oid) &&
+	    !is_null_oid(old_oid) &&
 	    starts_with(name, "refs/heads/")) {
 		struct object *old_object, *new_object;
 		struct commit *old_commit, *new_commit;
 
-		old_object = parse_object(old_sha1);
-		new_object = parse_object(new_sha1);
+		old_object = parse_object(the_repository, old_oid);
+		new_object = parse_object(the_repository, new_oid);
 
 		if (!old_object || !new_object ||
 		    old_object->type != OBJ_COMMIT ||
@@ -939,10 +1117,10 @@ static const char *update(struct command *cmd, struct shallow_info *si)
 		return "hook declined";
 	}
 
-	if (is_null_sha1(new_sha1)) {
+	if (is_null_oid(new_oid)) {
 		struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
-		if (!parse_object(old_sha1)) {
-			old_sha1 = NULL;
+		if (!parse_object(the_repository, old_oid)) {
+			old_oid = NULL;
 			if (ref_exists(name)) {
 				rp_warning("Allowing deletion of corrupt ref.");
 			} else {
@@ -952,7 +1130,7 @@ static const char *update(struct command *cmd, struct shallow_info *si)
 		}
 		if (ref_transaction_delete(transaction,
 					   namespaced_name,
-					   old_sha1,
+					   old_oid,
 					   0, "push", &err)) {
 			rp_error("%s", err.buf);
 			strbuf_release(&err);
@@ -969,7 +1147,7 @@ static const char *update(struct command *cmd, struct shallow_info *si)
 
 		if (ref_transaction_update(transaction,
 					   namespaced_name,
-					   new_sha1, old_sha1,
+					   new_oid, old_oid,
 					   0, "push",
 					   &err)) {
 			rp_error("%s", err.buf);
@@ -986,35 +1164,26 @@ static const char *update(struct command *cmd, struct shallow_info *si)
 static void run_update_post_hook(struct command *commands)
 {
 	struct command *cmd;
-	int argc;
-	const char **argv;
 	struct child_process proc = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-	char *hook;
+	const char *hook;
 
 	hook = find_hook("post-update");
-	for (argc = 0, cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
-		if (cmd->error_string || cmd->did_not_exist)
-			continue;
-		argc++;
-	}
-	if (!argc || !hook)
+	if (!hook)
 		return;
 
-	argv = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * (2 + argc));
-	argv[0] = hook;
-
-	for (argc = 1, cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
+	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
 		if (cmd->error_string || cmd->did_not_exist)
 			continue;
-		argv[argc] = xstrdup(cmd->ref_name);
-		argc++;
+		if (!proc.args.argc)
+			argv_array_push(&proc.args, hook);
+		argv_array_push(&proc.args, cmd->ref_name);
 	}
-	argv[argc] = NULL;
+	if (!proc.args.argc)
+		return;
 
 	proc.no_stdin = 1;
 	proc.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
 	proc.err = use_sideband ? -1 : 0;
-	proc.argv = argv;
 
 	if (!start_command(&proc)) {
 		if (use_sideband)
@@ -1029,24 +1198,22 @@ static void check_aliased_update(struct command *cmd, struct string_list *list)
 	const char *dst_name;
 	struct string_list_item *item;
 	struct command *dst_cmd;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char cmd_oldh[41], cmd_newh[41], dst_oldh[41], dst_newh[41];
 	int flag;
 
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s%s", get_git_namespace(), cmd->ref_name);
-	dst_name = resolve_ref_unsafe(buf.buf, 0, sha1, &flag);
+	dst_name = resolve_ref_unsafe(buf.buf, 0, NULL, &flag);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 
 	if (!(flag & REF_ISSYMREF))
 		return;
 
-	dst_name = strip_namespace(dst_name);
 	if (!dst_name) {
 		rp_error("refusing update to broken symref '%s'", cmd->ref_name);
 		cmd->skip_update = 1;
 		cmd->error_string = "broken symref";
 		return;
 	}
+	dst_name = strip_namespace(dst_name);
 
 	if ((item = string_list_lookup(list, dst_name)) == NULL)
 		return;
@@ -1055,20 +1222,20 @@ static void check_aliased_update(struct command *cmd, struct string_list *list)
 
 	dst_cmd = (struct command *) item->util;
 
-	if (!hashcmp(cmd->old_sha1, dst_cmd->old_sha1) &&
-	    !hashcmp(cmd->new_sha1, dst_cmd->new_sha1))
+	if (!oidcmp(&cmd->old_oid, &dst_cmd->old_oid) &&
+	    !oidcmp(&cmd->new_oid, &dst_cmd->new_oid))
 		return;
 
 	dst_cmd->skip_update = 1;
 
-	strcpy(cmd_oldh, find_unique_abbrev(cmd->old_sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-	strcpy(cmd_newh, find_unique_abbrev(cmd->new_sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-	strcpy(dst_oldh, find_unique_abbrev(dst_cmd->old_sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-	strcpy(dst_newh, find_unique_abbrev(dst_cmd->new_sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 	rp_error("refusing inconsistent update between symref '%s' (%s..%s) and"
 		 " its target '%s' (%s..%s)",
-		 cmd->ref_name, cmd_oldh, cmd_newh,
-		 dst_cmd->ref_name, dst_oldh, dst_newh);
+		 cmd->ref_name,
+		 find_unique_abbrev(&cmd->old_oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV),
+		 find_unique_abbrev(&cmd->new_oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV),
+		 dst_cmd->ref_name,
+		 find_unique_abbrev(&dst_cmd->old_oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV),
+		 find_unique_abbrev(&dst_cmd->new_oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 
 	cmd->error_string = dst_cmd->error_string =
 		"inconsistent aliased update";
@@ -1094,15 +1261,15 @@ static void check_aliased_updates(struct command *commands)
 	string_list_clear(&ref_list, 0);
 }
 
-static int command_singleton_iterator(void *cb_data, unsigned char sha1[20])
+static int command_singleton_iterator(void *cb_data, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct command **cmd_list = cb_data;
 	struct command *cmd = *cmd_list;
 
-	if (!cmd || is_null_sha1(cmd->new_sha1))
+	if (!cmd || is_null_oid(&cmd->new_oid))
 		return -1; /* end of list */
 	*cmd_list = NULL; /* this returns only one */
-	hashcpy(sha1, cmd->new_sha1);
+	oidcpy(oid, &cmd->new_oid);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1113,12 +1280,17 @@ static void set_connectivity_errors(struct command *commands,
 
 	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
 		struct command *singleton = cmd;
+		struct check_connected_options opt = CHECK_CONNECTED_INIT;
+
 		if (shallow_update && si->shallow_ref[cmd->index])
 			/* to be checked in update_shallow_ref() */
 			continue;
-		if (!check_everything_connected(command_singleton_iterator,
-						0, &singleton))
+
+		opt.env = tmp_objdir_env(tmp_objdir);
+		if (!check_connected(command_singleton_iterator, &singleton,
+				     &opt))
 			continue;
+
 		cmd->error_string = "missing necessary objects";
 	}
 }
@@ -1128,7 +1300,7 @@ struct iterate_data {
 	struct shallow_info *si;
 };
 
-static int iterate_receive_command_list(void *cb_data, unsigned char sha1[20])
+static int iterate_receive_command_list(void *cb_data, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct iterate_data *data = cb_data;
 	struct command **cmd_list = &data->cmds;
@@ -1138,8 +1310,8 @@ static int iterate_receive_command_list(void *cb_data, unsigned char sha1[20])
 		if (shallow_update && data->si->shallow_ref[cmd->index])
 			/* to be checked in update_shallow_ref() */
 			continue;
-		if (!is_null_sha1(cmd->new_sha1) && !cmd->skip_update) {
-			hashcpy(sha1, cmd->new_sha1);
+		if (!is_null_oid(&cmd->new_oid) && !cmd->skip_update) {
+			oidcpy(oid, &cmd->new_oid);
 			*cmd_list = cmd->next;
 			return 0;
 		}
@@ -1150,16 +1322,29 @@ static int iterate_receive_command_list(void *cb_data, unsigned char sha1[20])
 
 static void reject_updates_to_hidden(struct command *commands)
 {
+	struct strbuf refname_full = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t prefix_len;
 	struct command *cmd;
 
+	strbuf_addstr(&refname_full, get_git_namespace());
+	prefix_len = refname_full.len;
+
 	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
-		if (cmd->error_string || !ref_is_hidden(cmd->ref_name))
+		if (cmd->error_string)
 			continue;
-		if (is_null_sha1(cmd->new_sha1))
+
+		strbuf_setlen(&refname_full, prefix_len);
+		strbuf_addstr(&refname_full, cmd->ref_name);
+
+		if (!ref_is_hidden(cmd->ref_name, refname_full.buf))
+			continue;
+		if (is_null_oid(&cmd->new_oid))
 			cmd->error_string = "deny deleting a hidden ref";
 		else
 			cmd->error_string = "deny updating a hidden ref";
 	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&refname_full);
 }
 
 static int should_process_cmd(struct command *cmd)
@@ -1181,7 +1366,7 @@ static void warn_if_skipped_connectivity_check(struct command *commands,
 		}
 	}
 	if (!checked_connectivity)
-		die("BUG: connectivity check skipped???");
+		BUG("connectivity check skipped???");
 }
 
 static void execute_commands_non_atomic(struct command *commands,
@@ -1259,11 +1444,14 @@ cleanup:
 
 static void execute_commands(struct command *commands,
 			     const char *unpacker_error,
-			     struct shallow_info *si)
+			     struct shallow_info *si,
+			     const struct string_list *push_options)
 {
+	struct check_connected_options opt = CHECK_CONNECTED_INIT;
 	struct command *cmd;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	struct iterate_data data;
+	struct async muxer;
+	int err_fd = 0;
 
 	if (unpacker_error) {
 		for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next)
@@ -1271,14 +1459,29 @@ static void execute_commands(struct command *commands,
 		return;
 	}
 
+	if (use_sideband) {
+		memset(&muxer, 0, sizeof(muxer));
+		muxer.proc = copy_to_sideband;
+		muxer.in = -1;
+		if (!start_async(&muxer))
+			err_fd = muxer.in;
+		/* ...else, continue without relaying sideband */
+	}
+
 	data.cmds = commands;
 	data.si = si;
-	if (check_everything_connected(iterate_receive_command_list, 0, &data))
+	opt.err_fd = err_fd;
+	opt.progress = err_fd && !quiet;
+	opt.env = tmp_objdir_env(tmp_objdir);
+	if (check_connected(iterate_receive_command_list, &data, &opt))
 		set_connectivity_errors(commands, si);
 
+	if (use_sideband)
+		finish_async(&muxer);
+
 	reject_updates_to_hidden(commands);
 
-	if (run_receive_hook(commands, "pre-receive", 0)) {
+	if (run_receive_hook(commands, "pre-receive", 0, push_options)) {
 		for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
 			if (!cmd->error_string)
 				cmd->error_string = "pre-receive hook declined";
@@ -1286,10 +1489,23 @@ static void execute_commands(struct command *commands,
 		return;
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * Now we'll start writing out refs, which means the objects need
+	 * to be in their final positions so that other processes can see them.
+	 */
+	if (tmp_objdir_migrate(tmp_objdir) < 0) {
+		for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
+			if (!cmd->error_string)
+				cmd->error_string = "unable to migrate objects to permanent storage";
+		}
+		return;
+	}
+	tmp_objdir = NULL;
+
 	check_aliased_updates(commands);
 
 	free(head_name_to_free);
-	head_name = head_name_to_free = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, sha1, NULL);
+	head_name = head_name_to_free = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, NULL, NULL);
 
 	if (use_atomic)
 		execute_commands_atomic(commands, si);
@@ -1304,25 +1520,23 @@ static struct command **queue_command(struct command **tail,
 				      const char *line,
 				      int linelen)
 {
-	unsigned char old_sha1[20], new_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id old_oid, new_oid;
 	struct command *cmd;
 	const char *refname;
 	int reflen;
+	const char *p;
 
-	if (linelen < 83 ||
-	    line[40] != ' ' ||
-	    line[81] != ' ' ||
-	    get_sha1_hex(line, old_sha1) ||
-	    get_sha1_hex(line + 41, new_sha1))
+	if (parse_oid_hex(line, &old_oid, &p) ||
+	    *p++ != ' ' ||
+	    parse_oid_hex(p, &new_oid, &p) ||
+	    *p++ != ' ')
 		die("protocol error: expected old/new/ref, got '%s'", line);
 
-	refname = line + 82;
-	reflen = linelen - 82;
-	cmd = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct command) + reflen + 1);
-	hashcpy(cmd->old_sha1, old_sha1);
-	hashcpy(cmd->new_sha1, new_sha1);
-	memcpy(cmd->ref_name, refname, reflen);
-	cmd->ref_name[reflen] = '\0';
+	refname = p;
+	reflen = linelen - (p - line);
+	FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(cmd, ref_name, refname, reflen);
+	oidcpy(&cmd->old_oid, &old_oid);
+	oidcpy(&cmd->new_oid, &new_oid);
 	*tail = cmd;
 	return &cmd->next;
 }
@@ -1344,12 +1558,12 @@ static void queue_commands_from_cert(struct command **tail,
 
 	while (boc < eoc) {
 		const char *eol = memchr(boc, '\n', eoc - boc);
-		tail = queue_command(tail, boc, eol ? eol - boc : eoc - eol);
+		tail = queue_command(tail, boc, eol ? eol - boc : eoc - boc);
 		boc = eol ? eol + 1 : eoc;
 	}
 }
 
-static struct command *read_head_info(struct sha1_array *shallow)
+static struct command *read_head_info(struct oid_array *shallow)
 {
 	struct command *commands = NULL;
 	struct command **p = &commands;
@@ -1361,12 +1575,12 @@ static struct command *read_head_info(struct sha1_array *shallow)
 		if (!line)
 			break;
 
-		if (len == 48 && starts_with(line, "shallow ")) {
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
-			if (get_sha1_hex(line + 8, sha1))
+		if (len > 8 && starts_with(line, "shallow ")) {
+			struct object_id oid;
+			if (get_oid_hex(line + 8, &oid))
 				die("protocol error: expected shallow sha, got '%s'",
 				    line + 8);
-			sha1_array_append(shallow, sha1);
+			oid_array_append(shallow, &oid);
 			continue;
 		}
 
@@ -1382,6 +1596,9 @@ static struct command *read_head_info(struct sha1_array *shallow)
 			if (advertise_atomic_push
 			    && parse_feature_request(feature_list, "atomic"))
 				use_atomic = 1;
+			if (advertise_push_options
+			    && parse_feature_request(feature_list, "push-options"))
+				use_push_options = 1;
 		}
 
 		if (!strcmp(line, "push-cert")) {
@@ -1414,6 +1631,21 @@ static struct command *read_head_info(struct sha1_array *shallow)
 	return commands;
 }
 
+static void read_push_options(struct string_list *options)
+{
+	while (1) {
+		char *line;
+		int len;
+
+		line = packet_read_line(0, &len);
+
+		if (!line)
+			break;
+
+		string_list_append(options, line);
+	}
+}
+
 static const char *parse_pack_header(struct pack_header *hdr)
 {
 	switch (read_pack_header(0, hdr)) {
@@ -1436,12 +1668,17 @@ static const char *parse_pack_header(struct pack_header *hdr)
 
 static const char *pack_lockfile;
 
+static void push_header_arg(struct argv_array *args, struct pack_header *hdr)
+{
+	argv_array_pushf(args, "--pack_header=%"PRIu32",%"PRIu32,
+			ntohl(hdr->hdr_version), ntohl(hdr->hdr_entries));
+}
+
 static const char *unpack(int err_fd, struct shallow_info *si)
 {
 	struct pack_header hdr;
 	const char *hdr_err;
 	int status;
-	char hdr_arg[38];
 	struct child_process child = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 	int fsck_objects = (receive_fsck_objects >= 0
 			    ? receive_fsck_objects
@@ -1455,9 +1692,6 @@ static const char *unpack(int err_fd, struct shallow_info *si)
 			close(err_fd);
 		return hdr_err;
 	}
-	snprintf(hdr_arg, sizeof(hdr_arg),
-			"--pack_header=%"PRIu32",%"PRIu32,
-			ntohl(hdr.hdr_version), ntohl(hdr.hdr_entries));
 
 	if (si->nr_ours || si->nr_theirs) {
 		alt_shallow_file = setup_temporary_shallow(si->shallow);
@@ -1465,12 +1699,32 @@ static const char *unpack(int err_fd, struct shallow_info *si)
 		argv_array_push(&child.args, alt_shallow_file);
 	}
 
+	tmp_objdir = tmp_objdir_create();
+	if (!tmp_objdir) {
+		if (err_fd > 0)
+			close(err_fd);
+		return "unable to create temporary object directory";
+	}
+	child.env = tmp_objdir_env(tmp_objdir);
+
+	/*
+	 * Normally we just pass the tmp_objdir environment to the child
+	 * processes that do the heavy lifting, but we may need to see these
+	 * objects ourselves to set up shallow information.
+	 */
+	tmp_objdir_add_as_alternate(tmp_objdir);
+
 	if (ntohl(hdr.hdr_entries) < unpack_limit) {
-		argv_array_pushl(&child.args, "unpack-objects", hdr_arg, NULL);
+		argv_array_push(&child.args, "unpack-objects");
+		push_header_arg(&child.args, &hdr);
 		if (quiet)
 			argv_array_push(&child.args, "-q");
 		if (fsck_objects)
-			argv_array_push(&child.args, "--strict");
+			argv_array_pushf(&child.args, "--strict%s",
+				fsck_msg_types.buf);
+		if (max_input_size)
+			argv_array_pushf(&child.args, "--max-input-size=%"PRIuMAX,
+				(uintmax_t)max_input_size);
 		child.no_stdout = 1;
 		child.err = err_fd;
 		child.git_cmd = 1;
@@ -1478,19 +1732,30 @@ static const char *unpack(int err_fd, struct shallow_info *si)
 		if (status)
 			return "unpack-objects abnormal exit";
 	} else {
-		int s;
-		char keep_arg[256];
+		char hostname[HOST_NAME_MAX + 1];
 
-		s = sprintf(keep_arg, "--keep=receive-pack %"PRIuMAX" on ", (uintmax_t) getpid());
-		if (gethostname(keep_arg + s, sizeof(keep_arg) - s))
-			strcpy(keep_arg + s, "localhost");
+		argv_array_pushl(&child.args, "index-pack", "--stdin", NULL);
+		push_header_arg(&child.args, &hdr);
 
-		argv_array_pushl(&child.args, "index-pack",
-				 "--stdin", hdr_arg, keep_arg, NULL);
+		if (xgethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)))
+			xsnprintf(hostname, sizeof(hostname), "localhost");
+		argv_array_pushf(&child.args,
+				 "--keep=receive-pack %"PRIuMAX" on %s",
+				 (uintmax_t)getpid(),
+				 hostname);
+
+		if (!quiet && err_fd)
+			argv_array_push(&child.args, "--show-resolving-progress");
+		if (use_sideband)
+			argv_array_push(&child.args, "--report-end-of-input");
 		if (fsck_objects)
-			argv_array_push(&child.args, "--strict");
-		if (fix_thin)
+			argv_array_pushf(&child.args, "--strict%s",
+				fsck_msg_types.buf);
+		if (!reject_thin)
 			argv_array_push(&child.args, "--fix-thin");
+		if (max_input_size)
+			argv_array_pushf(&child.args, "--max-input-size=%"PRIuMAX,
+				(uintmax_t)max_input_size);
 		child.out = -1;
 		child.err = err_fd;
 		child.git_cmd = 1;
@@ -1502,7 +1767,7 @@ static const char *unpack(int err_fd, struct shallow_info *si)
 		status = finish_command(&child);
 		if (status)
 			return "index-pack abnormal exit";
-		reprepare_packed_git();
+		reprepare_packed_git(the_repository);
 	}
 	return NULL;
 }
@@ -1515,6 +1780,7 @@ static const char *unpack_with_sideband(struct shallow_info *si)
 	if (!use_sideband)
 		return unpack(0, si);
 
+	use_keepalive = KEEPALIVE_AFTER_NUL;
 	memset(&muxer, 0, sizeof(muxer));
 	muxer.proc = copy_to_sideband;
 	muxer.in = -1;
@@ -1530,10 +1796,9 @@ static const char *unpack_with_sideband(struct shallow_info *si)
 static void prepare_shallow_update(struct command *commands,
 				   struct shallow_info *si)
 {
-	int i, j, k, bitmap_size = (si->ref->nr + 31) / 32;
+	int i, j, k, bitmap_size = DIV_ROUND_UP(si->ref->nr, 32);
 
-	si->used_shallow = xmalloc(sizeof(*si->used_shallow) *
-				   si->shallow->nr);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(si->used_shallow, si->shallow->nr);
 	assign_shallow_commits_to_refs(si, si->used_shallow, NULL);
 
 	si->need_reachability_test =
@@ -1553,7 +1818,7 @@ static void prepare_shallow_update(struct command *commands,
 				continue;
 			si->need_reachability_test[i]++;
 			for (k = 0; k < 32; k++)
-				if (si->used_shallow[i][j] & (1 << k))
+				if (si->used_shallow[i][j] & (1U << k))
 					si->shallow_ref[j * 32 + k]++;
 		}
 
@@ -1576,7 +1841,7 @@ static void prepare_shallow_update(struct command *commands,
 
 static void update_shallow_info(struct command *commands,
 				struct shallow_info *si,
-				struct sha1_array *ref)
+				struct oid_array *ref)
 {
 	struct command *cmd;
 	int *ref_status;
@@ -1587,9 +1852,9 @@ static void update_shallow_info(struct command *commands,
 	}
 
 	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
-		if (is_null_sha1(cmd->new_sha1))
+		if (is_null_oid(&cmd->new_oid))
 			continue;
-		sha1_array_append(ref, cmd->new_sha1);
+		oid_array_append(ref, &cmd->new_oid);
 		cmd->index = ref->nr - 1;
 	}
 	si->ref = ref;
@@ -1599,10 +1864,10 @@ static void update_shallow_info(struct command *commands,
 		return;
 	}
 
-	ref_status = xmalloc(sizeof(*ref_status) * ref->nr);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(ref_status, ref->nr);
 	assign_shallow_commits_to_refs(si, NULL, ref_status);
 	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
-		if (is_null_sha1(cmd->new_sha1))
+		if (is_null_oid(&cmd->new_oid))
 			continue;
 		if (ref_status[cmd->index]) {
 			cmd->error_string = "shallow update not allowed";
@@ -1640,7 +1905,7 @@ static int delete_only(struct command *commands)
 {
 	struct command *cmd;
 	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
-		if (!is_null_sha1(cmd->new_sha1))
+		if (!is_null_oid(&cmd->new_oid))
 			return 0;
 	}
 	return 1;
@@ -1649,45 +1914,29 @@ static int delete_only(struct command *commands)
 int cmd_receive_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int advertise_refs = 0;
-	int i;
 	struct command *commands;
-	struct sha1_array shallow = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
-	struct sha1_array ref = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct oid_array shallow = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct oid_array ref = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
 	struct shallow_info si;
 
-	packet_trace_identity("receive-pack");
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("quiet")),
+		OPT_HIDDEN_BOOL(0, "stateless-rpc", &stateless_rpc, NULL),
+		OPT_HIDDEN_BOOL(0, "advertise-refs", &advertise_refs, NULL),
+		OPT_HIDDEN_BOOL(0, "reject-thin-pack-for-testing", &reject_thin, NULL),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
 
-	argv++;
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = *argv++;
+	packet_trace_identity("receive-pack");
 
-		if (*arg == '-') {
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--quiet")) {
-				quiet = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, receive_pack_usage, 0);
 
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--advertise-refs")) {
-				advertise_refs = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--stateless-rpc")) {
-				stateless_rpc = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--reject-thin-pack-for-testing")) {
-				fix_thin = 0;
-				continue;
-			}
+	if (argc > 1)
+		usage_msg_opt(_("Too many arguments."), receive_pack_usage, options);
+	if (argc == 0)
+		usage_msg_opt(_("You must specify a directory."), receive_pack_usage, options);
 
-			usage(receive_pack_usage);
-		}
-		if (service_dir)
-			usage(receive_pack_usage);
-		service_dir = arg;
-	}
-	if (!service_dir)
-		usage(receive_pack_usage);
+	service_dir = argv[0];
 
 	setup_path();
 
@@ -1703,6 +1952,28 @@ int cmd_receive_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	else if (0 <= receive_unpack_limit)
 		unpack_limit = receive_unpack_limit;
 
+	switch (determine_protocol_version_server()) {
+	case protocol_v2:
+		/*
+		 * push support for protocol v2 has not been implemented yet,
+		 * so ignore the request to use v2 and fallback to using v0.
+		 */
+		break;
+	case protocol_v1:
+		/*
+		 * v1 is just the original protocol with a version string,
+		 * so just fall through after writing the version string.
+		 */
+		if (advertise_refs || !stateless_rpc)
+			packet_write_fmt(1, "version 1\n");
+
+		/* fallthrough */
+	case protocol_v0:
+		break;
+	case protocol_unknown_version:
+		BUG("unknown protocol version");
+	}
+
 	if (advertise_refs || !stateless_rpc) {
 		write_head_info();
 	}
@@ -1711,6 +1982,15 @@ int cmd_receive_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if ((commands = read_head_info(&shallow)) != NULL) {
 		const char *unpack_status = NULL;
+		struct string_list push_options = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+
+		if (use_push_options)
+			read_push_options(&push_options);
+		if (!check_cert_push_options(&push_options)) {
+			struct command *cmd;
+			for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next)
+				cmd->error_string = "inconsistent push options";
+		}
 
 		prepare_shallow_info(&si, &shallow);
 		if (!si.nr_ours && !si.nr_theirs)
@@ -1719,19 +1999,35 @@ int cmd_receive_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			unpack_status = unpack_with_sideband(&si);
 			update_shallow_info(commands, &si, &ref);
 		}
-		execute_commands(commands, unpack_status, &si);
+		use_keepalive = KEEPALIVE_ALWAYS;
+		execute_commands(commands, unpack_status, &si,
+				 &push_options);
 		if (pack_lockfile)
 			unlink_or_warn(pack_lockfile);
 		if (report_status)
 			report(commands, unpack_status);
-		run_receive_hook(commands, "post-receive", 1);
+		run_receive_hook(commands, "post-receive", 1,
+				 &push_options);
 		run_update_post_hook(commands);
+		string_list_clear(&push_options, 0);
 		if (auto_gc) {
 			const char *argv_gc_auto[] = {
 				"gc", "--auto", "--quiet", NULL,
 			};
-			int opt = RUN_GIT_CMD | RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR;
-			run_command_v_opt(argv_gc_auto, opt);
+			struct child_process proc = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+			proc.no_stdin = 1;
+			proc.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+			proc.err = use_sideband ? -1 : 0;
+			proc.git_cmd = 1;
+			proc.argv = argv_gc_auto;
+
+			close_all_packs(the_repository->objects);
+			if (!start_command(&proc)) {
+				if (use_sideband)
+					copy_to_sideband(proc.err, -1, NULL);
+				finish_command(&proc);
+			}
 		}
 		if (auto_update_server_info)
 			update_server_info(0);
@@ -1739,8 +2035,8 @@ int cmd_receive_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 	if (use_sideband)
 		packet_flush(1);
-	sha1_array_clear(&shallow);
-	sha1_array_clear(&ref);
+	oid_array_clear(&shallow);
+	oid_array_clear(&ref);
 	free((void *)push_cert_nonce);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/reflog.c b/builtin/reflog.c
index 8182b648b9..3acef5a0ab 100644
--- a/builtin/reflog.c
+++ b/builtin/reflog.c
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "dir.h"
@@ -13,15 +16,17 @@ static const char reflog_expire_usage[] =
 "git reflog expire [--expire=<time>] [--expire-unreachable=<time>] [--rewrite] [--updateref] [--stale-fix] [--dry-run | -n] [--verbose] [--all] <refs>...";
 static const char reflog_delete_usage[] =
 "git reflog delete [--rewrite] [--updateref] [--dry-run | -n] [--verbose] <refs>...";
+static const char reflog_exists_usage[] =
+"git reflog exists <ref>";
 
-static unsigned long default_reflog_expire;
-static unsigned long default_reflog_expire_unreachable;
+static timestamp_t default_reflog_expire;
+static timestamp_t default_reflog_expire_unreachable;
 
 struct cmd_reflog_expire_cb {
 	struct rev_info revs;
 	int stalefix;
-	unsigned long expire_total;
-	unsigned long expire_unreachable;
+	timestamp_t expire_total;
+	timestamp_t expire_unreachable;
 	int recno;
 };
 
@@ -39,7 +44,7 @@ struct expire_reflog_policy_cb {
 };
 
 struct collected_reflog {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	char reflog[FLEX_ARRAY];
 };
 
@@ -49,18 +54,19 @@ struct collect_reflog_cb {
 	int nr;
 };
 
+/* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
 #define INCOMPLETE	(1u<<10)
 #define STUDYING	(1u<<11)
 #define REACHABLE	(1u<<12)
 
-static int tree_is_complete(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static int tree_is_complete(const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct tree_desc desc;
 	struct name_entry entry;
 	int complete;
 	struct tree *tree;
 
-	tree = lookup_tree(sha1);
+	tree = lookup_tree(the_repository, oid);
 	if (!tree)
 		return 0;
 	if (tree->object.flags & SEEN)
@@ -71,7 +77,7 @@ static int tree_is_complete(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	if (!tree->buffer) {
 		enum object_type type;
 		unsigned long size;
-		void *data = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+		void *data = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
 		if (!data) {
 			tree->object.flags |= INCOMPLETE;
 			return 0;
@@ -82,8 +88,8 @@ static int tree_is_complete(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 	complete = 1;
 	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
-		if (!has_sha1_file(entry.sha1) ||
-		    (S_ISDIR(entry.mode) && !tree_is_complete(entry.sha1))) {
+		if (!has_sha1_file(entry.oid->hash) ||
+		    (S_ISDIR(entry.mode) && !tree_is_complete(entry.oid))) {
 			tree->object.flags |= INCOMPLETE;
 			complete = 0;
 		}
@@ -123,8 +129,8 @@ static int commit_is_complete(struct commit *commit)
 		struct commit *c;
 		struct commit_list *parent;
 
-		c = (struct commit *)study.objects[--study.nr].item;
-		if (!c->object.parsed && !parse_object(c->object.sha1))
+		c = (struct commit *)object_array_pop(&study);
+		if (!c->object.parsed && !parse_object(the_repository, &c->object.oid))
 			c->object.flags |= INCOMPLETE;
 
 		if (c->object.flags & INCOMPLETE) {
@@ -150,7 +156,7 @@ static int commit_is_complete(struct commit *commit)
 		for (i = 0; i < found.nr; i++) {
 			struct commit *c =
 				(struct commit *)found.objects[i].item;
-			if (!tree_is_complete(c->tree->object.sha1)) {
+			if (!tree_is_complete(get_commit_tree_oid(c))) {
 				is_incomplete = 1;
 				c->object.flags |= INCOMPLETE;
 			}
@@ -179,18 +185,18 @@ static int commit_is_complete(struct commit *commit)
 			found.objects[i].item->flags |= SEEN;
 	}
 	/* free object arrays */
-	free(study.objects);
-	free(found.objects);
+	object_array_clear(&study);
+	object_array_clear(&found);
 	return !is_incomplete;
 }
 
-static int keep_entry(struct commit **it, unsigned char *sha1)
+static int keep_entry(struct commit **it, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct commit *commit;
 
-	if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
+	if (is_null_oid(oid))
 		return 1;
-	commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, oid, 1);
 	if (!commit)
 		return 0;
 
@@ -216,9 +222,8 @@ static int keep_entry(struct commit **it, unsigned char *sha1)
  */
 static void mark_reachable(struct expire_reflog_policy_cb *cb)
 {
-	struct commit *commit;
 	struct commit_list *pending;
-	unsigned long expire_limit = cb->mark_limit;
+	timestamp_t expire_limit = cb->mark_limit;
 	struct commit_list *leftover = NULL;
 
 	for (pending = cb->mark_list; pending; pending = pending->next)
@@ -226,11 +231,8 @@ static void mark_reachable(struct expire_reflog_policy_cb *cb)
 
 	pending = cb->mark_list;
 	while (pending) {
-		struct commit_list *entry = pending;
 		struct commit_list *parent;
-		pending = entry->next;
-		commit = entry->item;
-		free(entry);
+		struct commit *commit = pop_commit(&pending);
 		if (commit->object.flags & REACHABLE)
 			continue;
 		if (parse_commit(commit))
@@ -253,17 +255,18 @@ static void mark_reachable(struct expire_reflog_policy_cb *cb)
 	cb->mark_list = leftover;
 }
 
-static int unreachable(struct expire_reflog_policy_cb *cb, struct commit *commit, unsigned char *sha1)
+static int unreachable(struct expire_reflog_policy_cb *cb, struct commit *commit, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	/*
 	 * We may or may not have the commit yet - if not, look it
 	 * up using the supplied sha1.
 	 */
 	if (!commit) {
-		if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
+		if (is_null_oid(oid))
 			return 0;
 
-		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, oid,
+							1);
 
 		/* Not a commit -- keep it */
 		if (!commit)
@@ -285,25 +288,25 @@ static int unreachable(struct expire_reflog_policy_cb *cb, struct commit *commit
 /*
  * Return true iff the specified reflog entry should be expired.
  */
-static int should_expire_reflog_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
-				    const char *email, unsigned long timestamp, int tz,
+static int should_expire_reflog_ent(struct object_id *ooid, struct object_id *noid,
+				    const char *email, timestamp_t timestamp, int tz,
 				    const char *message, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct expire_reflog_policy_cb *cb = cb_data;
-	struct commit *old, *new;
+	struct commit *old_commit, *new_commit;
 
 	if (timestamp < cb->cmd.expire_total)
 		return 1;
 
-	old = new = NULL;
+	old_commit = new_commit = NULL;
 	if (cb->cmd.stalefix &&
-	    (!keep_entry(&old, osha1) || !keep_entry(&new, nsha1)))
+	    (!keep_entry(&old_commit, ooid) || !keep_entry(&new_commit, noid)))
 		return 1;
 
 	if (timestamp < cb->cmd.expire_unreachable) {
 		if (cb->unreachable_expire_kind == UE_ALWAYS)
 			return 1;
-		if (unreachable(cb, old, osha1) || unreachable(cb, new, nsha1))
+		if (unreachable(cb, old_commit, ooid) || unreachable(cb, new_commit, noid))
 			return 1;
 	}
 
@@ -313,14 +316,14 @@ static int should_expire_reflog_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int push_tip_to_list(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int push_tip_to_list(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
 			    int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct commit_list **list = cb_data;
 	struct commit *tip_commit;
 	if (flags & REF_ISSYMREF)
 		return 0;
-	tip_commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+	tip_commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, oid, 1);
 	if (!tip_commit)
 		return 0;
 	commit_list_insert(tip_commit, list);
@@ -328,7 +331,7 @@ static int push_tip_to_list(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
 }
 
 static void reflog_expiry_prepare(const char *refname,
-				  const unsigned char *sha1,
+				  const struct object_id *oid,
 				  void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct expire_reflog_policy_cb *cb = cb_data;
@@ -337,7 +340,8 @@ static void reflog_expiry_prepare(const char *refname,
 		cb->tip_commit = NULL;
 		cb->unreachable_expire_kind = UE_HEAD;
 	} else {
-		cb->tip_commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+		cb->tip_commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository,
+								oid, 1);
 		if (!cb->tip_commit)
 			cb->unreachable_expire_kind = UE_ALWAYS;
 		else
@@ -352,6 +356,7 @@ static void reflog_expiry_prepare(const char *refname,
 	if (cb->unreachable_expire_kind != UE_ALWAYS) {
 		if (cb->unreachable_expire_kind == UE_HEAD) {
 			struct commit_list *elem;
+
 			for_each_ref(push_tip_to_list, &cb->tips);
 			for (elem = cb->tips; elem; elem = elem->next)
 				commit_list_insert(elem->item, &cb->mark_list);
@@ -379,15 +384,13 @@ static void reflog_expiry_cleanup(void *cb_data)
 	}
 }
 
-static int collect_reflog(const char *ref, const unsigned char *sha1, int unused, void *cb_data)
+static int collect_reflog(const char *ref, const struct object_id *oid, int unused, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct collected_reflog *e;
 	struct collect_reflog_cb *cb = cb_data;
-	size_t namelen = strlen(ref);
 
-	e = xmalloc(sizeof(*e) + namelen + 1);
-	hashcpy(e->sha1, sha1);
-	memcpy(e->reflog, ref, namelen + 1);
+	FLEX_ALLOC_STR(e, reflog, ref);
+	oidcpy(&e->oid, oid);
 	ALLOC_GROW(cb->e, cb->nr + 1, cb->alloc);
 	cb->e[cb->nr++] = e;
 	return 0;
@@ -395,9 +398,8 @@ static int collect_reflog(const char *ref, const unsigned char *sha1, int unused
 
 static struct reflog_expire_cfg {
 	struct reflog_expire_cfg *next;
-	unsigned long expire_total;
-	unsigned long expire_unreachable;
-	size_t len;
+	timestamp_t expire_total;
+	timestamp_t expire_unreachable;
 	char pattern[FLEX_ARRAY];
 } *reflog_expire_cfg, **reflog_expire_cfg_tail;
 
@@ -409,28 +411,16 @@ static struct reflog_expire_cfg *find_cfg_ent(const char *pattern, size_t len)
 		reflog_expire_cfg_tail = &reflog_expire_cfg;
 
 	for (ent = reflog_expire_cfg; ent; ent = ent->next)
-		if (ent->len == len &&
-		    !memcmp(ent->pattern, pattern, len))
+		if (!strncmp(ent->pattern, pattern, len) &&
+		    ent->pattern[len] == '\0')
 			return ent;
 
-	ent = xcalloc(1, (sizeof(*ent) + len));
-	memcpy(ent->pattern, pattern, len);
-	ent->len = len;
+	FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(ent, pattern, pattern, len);
 	*reflog_expire_cfg_tail = ent;
 	reflog_expire_cfg_tail = &(ent->next);
 	return ent;
 }
 
-static int parse_expire_cfg_value(const char *var, const char *value, unsigned long *expire)
-{
-	if (!value)
-		return config_error_nonbool(var);
-	if (parse_expiry_date(value, expire))
-		return error(_("%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"),
-			     value, var);
-	return 0;
-}
-
 /* expiry timer slot */
 #define EXPIRE_TOTAL   01
 #define EXPIRE_UNREACH 02
@@ -439,7 +429,7 @@ static int reflog_expire_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	const char *pattern, *key;
 	int pattern_len;
-	unsigned long expire;
+	timestamp_t expire;
 	int slot;
 	struct reflog_expire_cfg *ent;
 
@@ -448,11 +438,11 @@ static int reflog_expire_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 
 	if (!strcmp(key, "reflogexpire")) {
 		slot = EXPIRE_TOTAL;
-		if (parse_expire_cfg_value(var, value, &expire))
+		if (git_config_expiry_date(&expire, var, value))
 			return -1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(key, "reflogexpireunreachable")) {
 		slot = EXPIRE_UNREACH;
-		if (parse_expire_cfg_value(var, value, &expire))
+		if (git_config_expiry_date(&expire, var, value))
 			return -1;
 	} else
 		return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
@@ -491,7 +481,7 @@ static void set_reflog_expiry_param(struct cmd_reflog_expire_cb *cb, int slot, c
 		return; /* both given explicitly -- nothing to tweak */
 
 	for (ent = reflog_expire_cfg; ent; ent = ent->next) {
-		if (!wildmatch(ent->pattern, ref, 0, NULL)) {
+		if (!wildmatch(ent->pattern, ref, 0)) {
 			if (!(slot & EXPIRE_TOTAL))
 				cb->expire_total = ent->expire_total;
 			if (!(slot & EXPIRE_UNREACH))
@@ -521,7 +511,7 @@ static void set_reflog_expiry_param(struct cmd_reflog_expire_cb *cb, int slot, c
 static int cmd_reflog_expire(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct expire_reflog_policy_cb cb;
-	unsigned long now = time(NULL);
+	timestamp_t now = time(NULL);
 	int i, status, do_all;
 	int explicit_expiry = 0;
 	unsigned int flags = 0;
@@ -594,7 +584,7 @@ static int cmd_reflog_expire(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		for (i = 0; i < collected.nr; i++) {
 			struct collected_reflog *e = collected.e[i];
 			set_reflog_expiry_param(&cb.cmd, explicit_expiry, e->reflog);
-			status |= reflog_expire(e->reflog, e->sha1, flags,
+			status |= reflog_expire(e->reflog, &e->oid, flags,
 						reflog_expiry_prepare,
 						should_expire_reflog_ent,
 						reflog_expiry_cleanup,
@@ -606,13 +596,13 @@ static int cmd_reflog_expire(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	for (; i < argc; i++) {
 		char *ref;
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		if (!dwim_log(argv[i], strlen(argv[i]), sha1, &ref)) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		if (!dwim_log(argv[i], strlen(argv[i]), &oid, &ref)) {
 			status |= error("%s points nowhere!", argv[i]);
 			continue;
 		}
 		set_reflog_expiry_param(&cb.cmd, explicit_expiry, ref);
-		status |= reflog_expire(ref, sha1, flags,
+		status |= reflog_expire(ref, &oid, flags,
 					reflog_expiry_prepare,
 					should_expire_reflog_ent,
 					reflog_expiry_cleanup,
@@ -621,8 +611,8 @@ static int cmd_reflog_expire(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	return status;
 }
 
-static int count_reflog_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
-		const char *email, unsigned long timestamp, int tz,
+static int count_reflog_ent(struct object_id *ooid, struct object_id *noid,
+		const char *email, timestamp_t timestamp, int tz,
 		const char *message, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct expire_reflog_policy_cb *cb = cb_data;
@@ -664,7 +654,7 @@ static int cmd_reflog_delete(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	for ( ; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *spec = strstr(argv[i], "@{");
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		char *ep, *ref;
 		int recno;
 
@@ -673,7 +663,7 @@ static int cmd_reflog_delete(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (!dwim_log(argv[i], spec - argv[i], sha1, &ref)) {
+		if (!dwim_log(argv[i], spec - argv[i], &oid, &ref)) {
 			status |= error("no reflog for '%s'", argv[i]);
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -688,7 +678,7 @@ static int cmd_reflog_delete(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			cb.cmd.expire_total = 0;
 		}
 
-		status |= reflog_expire(ref, sha1, flags,
+		status |= reflog_expire(ref, &oid, flags,
 					reflog_expiry_prepare,
 					should_expire_reflog_ent,
 					reflog_expiry_cleanup,
@@ -698,12 +688,38 @@ static int cmd_reflog_delete(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	return status;
 }
 
+static int cmd_reflog_exists(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i, start = 0;
+
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+		const char *arg = argv[i];
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
+			i++;
+			break;
+		}
+		else if (arg[0] == '-')
+			usage(reflog_exists_usage);
+		else
+			break;
+	}
+
+	start = i;
+
+	if (argc - start != 1)
+		usage(reflog_exists_usage);
+
+	if (check_refname_format(argv[start], REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL))
+		die("invalid ref format: %s", argv[start]);
+	return !reflog_exists(argv[start]);
+}
+
 /*
  * main "reflog"
  */
 
 static const char reflog_usage[] =
-"git reflog [ show | expire | delete ]";
+"git reflog [ show | expire | delete | exists ]";
 
 int cmd_reflog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
@@ -723,5 +739,8 @@ int cmd_reflog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "delete"))
 		return cmd_reflog_delete(argc - 1, argv + 1, prefix);
 
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "exists"))
+		return cmd_reflog_exists(argc - 1, argv + 1, prefix);
+
 	return cmd_log_reflog(argc, argv, prefix);
 }
diff --git a/builtin/remote-ext.c b/builtin/remote-ext.c
index 3b8c22cc75..6a9127a33c 100644
--- a/builtin/remote-ext.c
+++ b/builtin/remote-ext.c
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "transport.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "pkt-line.h"
+
+static const char usage_msg[] =
+	"git remote-ext <remote> <url>";
 
 /*
  * URL syntax:
@@ -53,7 +57,7 @@ static char *strip_escapes(const char *str, const char *service,
 				special = str[rpos];
 				if (rpos == 1)
 					break;
-				/* Fall-through to error. */
+				/* fallthrough */
 			default:
 				die("Bad remote-ext placeholder '%%%c'.",
 					str[rpos]);
@@ -113,65 +117,24 @@ static char *strip_escapes(const char *str, const char *service,
 	}
 }
 
-/* Should be enough... */
-#define MAXARGUMENTS 256
-
-static const char **parse_argv(const char *arg, const char *service)
+static void parse_argv(struct argv_array *out, const char *arg, const char *service)
 {
-	int arguments = 0;
-	int i;
-	const char **ret;
-	char *temparray[MAXARGUMENTS + 1];
-
 	while (*arg) {
-		char *expanded;
-		if (arguments == MAXARGUMENTS)
-			die("remote-ext command has too many arguments");
-		expanded = strip_escapes(arg, service, &arg);
+		char *expanded = strip_escapes(arg, service, &arg);
 		if (expanded)
-			temparray[arguments++] = expanded;
+			argv_array_push(out, expanded);
+		free(expanded);
 	}
-
-	ret = xmalloc((arguments + 1) * sizeof(char *));
-	for (i = 0; i < arguments; i++)
-		ret[i] = temparray[i];
-	ret[arguments] = NULL;
-	return ret;
 }
 
 static void send_git_request(int stdin_fd, const char *serv, const char *repo,
 	const char *vhost)
 {
-	size_t bufferspace;
-	size_t wpos = 0;
-	char *buffer;
-
-	/*
-	 * Request needs 12 bytes extra if there is vhost (xxxx \0host=\0) and
-	 * 6 bytes extra (xxxx \0) if there is no vhost.
-	 */
-	if (vhost)
-		bufferspace = strlen(serv) + strlen(repo) + strlen(vhost) + 12;
+	if (!vhost)
+		packet_write_fmt(stdin_fd, "%s %s%c", serv, repo, 0);
 	else
-		bufferspace = strlen(serv) + strlen(repo) + 6;
-
-	if (bufferspace > 0xFFFF)
-		die("Request too large to send");
-	buffer = xmalloc(bufferspace);
-
-	/* Make the packet. */
-	wpos = sprintf(buffer, "%04x%s %s%c", (unsigned)bufferspace,
-		serv, repo, 0);
-
-	/* Add vhost if any. */
-	if (vhost)
-		sprintf(buffer + wpos, "host=%s%c", vhost, 0);
-
-	/* Send the request */
-	if (write_in_full(stdin_fd, buffer, bufferspace) < 0)
-		die_errno("Failed to send request");
-
-	free(buffer);
+		packet_write_fmt(stdin_fd, "%s %s%chost=%s%c", serv, repo, 0,
+			     vhost, 0);
 }
 
 static int run_child(const char *arg, const char *service)
@@ -182,7 +145,7 @@ static int run_child(const char *arg, const char *service)
 	child.in = -1;
 	child.out = -1;
 	child.err = 0;
-	child.argv = parse_argv(arg, service);
+	parse_argv(&child.args, arg, service);
 
 	if (start_command(&child) < 0)
 		die("Can't run specified command");
@@ -208,7 +171,7 @@ static int command_loop(const char *child)
 		size_t i;
 		if (!fgets(buffer, MAXCOMMAND - 1, stdin)) {
 			if (ferror(stdin))
-				die("Comammand input error");
+				die("Command input error");
 			exit(0);
 		}
 		/* Strip end of line characters. */
@@ -233,7 +196,7 @@ static int command_loop(const char *child)
 int cmd_remote_ext(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	if (argc != 3)
-		die("Expected two arguments");
+		usage(usage_msg);
 
 	return command_loop(argv[2]);
 }
diff --git a/builtin/remote-fd.c b/builtin/remote-fd.c
index 08d7121b6d..91dfe07e06 100644
--- a/builtin/remote-fd.c
+++ b/builtin/remote-fd.c
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "transport.h"
 
+static const char usage_msg[] =
+	"git remote-fd <remote> <url>";
+
 /*
  * URL syntax:
  *	'fd::<inoutfd>[/<anything>]'		Read/write socket pair
@@ -57,7 +60,7 @@ int cmd_remote_fd(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	char *end;
 
 	if (argc != 3)
-		die("Expected two arguments");
+		usage(usage_msg);
 
 	input_fd = (int)strtoul(argv[2], &end, 10);
 
diff --git a/builtin/remote.c b/builtin/remote.c
index 5d3ab906bc..7876db1c20 100644
--- a/builtin/remote.c
+++ b/builtin/remote.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "transport.h"
 #include "remote.h"
@@ -6,6 +7,8 @@
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "refspec.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_remote_usage[] = {
@@ -18,6 +21,7 @@ static const char * const builtin_remote_usage[] = {
 	N_("git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"),
 	N_("git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"),
 	N_("git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."),
+	N_("git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <name>"),
 	N_("git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"),
 	N_("git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"),
 	N_("git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"),
@@ -65,6 +69,11 @@ static const char * const builtin_remote_update_usage[] = {
 	NULL
 };
 
+static const char * const builtin_remote_geturl_usage[] = {
+	N_("git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <name>"),
+	NULL
+};
+
 static const char * const builtin_remote_seturl_usage[] = {
 	N_("git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"),
 	N_("git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"),
@@ -102,8 +111,8 @@ enum {
 #define MIRROR_PUSH 2
 #define MIRROR_BOTH (MIRROR_FETCH|MIRROR_PUSH)
 
-static int add_branch(const char *key, const char *branchname,
-		const char *remotename, int mirror, struct strbuf *tmp)
+static void add_branch(const char *key, const char *branchname,
+		       const char *remotename, int mirror, struct strbuf *tmp)
 {
 	strbuf_reset(tmp);
 	strbuf_addch(tmp, '+');
@@ -113,7 +122,7 @@ static int add_branch(const char *key, const char *branchname,
 	else
 		strbuf_addf(tmp, "refs/heads/%s:refs/remotes/%s/%s",
 				branchname, remotename, branchname);
-	return git_config_set_multivar(key, tmp->buf, "^$", 0);
+	git_config_set_multivar(key, tmp->buf, "^$", 0);
 }
 
 static const char mirror_advice[] =
@@ -159,9 +168,9 @@ static int add(int argc, const char **argv)
 		OPT_STRING_LIST('t', "track", &track, N_("branch"),
 				N_("branch(es) to track")),
 		OPT_STRING('m', "master", &master, N_("branch"), N_("master branch")),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "mirror", &mirror, N_("push|fetch"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "mirror", &mirror, "(push|fetch)",
 			N_("set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"),
-			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, parse_mirror_opt },
+			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_COMP_ARG, parse_mirror_opt },
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -180,10 +189,7 @@ static int add(int argc, const char **argv)
 	url = argv[1];
 
 	remote = remote_get(name);
-	if (remote && (remote->url_nr > 1 ||
-			(strcmp(name, remote->url[0]) &&
-				strcmp(url, remote->url[0])) ||
-			remote->fetch_refspec_nr))
+	if (remote_is_configured(remote, 1))
 		die(_("remote %s already exists."), name);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&buf2, "refs/heads/test:refs/remotes/%s/test", name);
@@ -191,8 +197,7 @@ static int add(int argc, const char **argv)
 		die(_("'%s' is not a valid remote name"), name);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.url", name);
-	if (git_config_set(buf.buf, url))
-		return 1;
+	git_config_set(buf.buf, url);
 
 	if (!mirror || mirror & MIRROR_FETCH) {
 		strbuf_reset(&buf);
@@ -200,25 +205,22 @@ static int add(int argc, const char **argv)
 		if (track.nr == 0)
 			string_list_append(&track, "*");
 		for (i = 0; i < track.nr; i++) {
-			if (add_branch(buf.buf, track.items[i].string,
-				       name, mirror, &buf2))
-				return 1;
+			add_branch(buf.buf, track.items[i].string,
+				   name, mirror, &buf2);
 		}
 	}
 
 	if (mirror & MIRROR_PUSH) {
 		strbuf_reset(&buf);
 		strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.mirror", name);
-		if (git_config_set(buf.buf, "true"))
-			return 1;
+		git_config_set(buf.buf, "true");
 	}
 
 	if (fetch_tags != TAGS_DEFAULT) {
 		strbuf_reset(&buf);
 		strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.tagopt", name);
-		if (git_config_set(buf.buf,
-			fetch_tags == TAGS_SET ? "--tags" : "--no-tags"))
-			return 1;
+		git_config_set(buf.buf,
+			       fetch_tags == TAGS_SET ? "--tags" : "--no-tags");
 	}
 
 	if (fetch && fetch_remote(name))
@@ -245,10 +247,12 @@ static int add(int argc, const char **argv)
 struct branch_info {
 	char *remote_name;
 	struct string_list merge;
-	int rebase;
+	enum {
+		NO_REBASE, NORMAL_REBASE, INTERACTIVE_REBASE, REBASE_MERGES
+	} rebase;
 };
 
-static struct string_list branch_list;
+static struct string_list branch_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 
 static const char *abbrev_ref(const char *name, const char *prefix)
 {
@@ -301,11 +305,15 @@ static int config_read_branches(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 			}
 			string_list_append(&info->merge, xstrdup(value));
 		} else {
-			int v = git_config_maybe_bool(orig_key, value);
+			int v = git_parse_maybe_bool(value);
 			if (v >= 0)
 				info->rebase = v;
 			else if (!strcmp(value, "preserve"))
-				info->rebase = 1;
+				info->rebase = NORMAL_REBASE;
+			else if (!strcmp(value, "merges"))
+				info->rebase = REBASE_MERGES;
+			else if (!strcmp(value, "interactive"))
+				info->rebase = INTERACTIVE_REBASE;
 		}
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -320,7 +328,7 @@ static void read_branches(void)
 
 struct ref_states {
 	struct remote *remote;
-	struct string_list new, stale, tracked, heads, push;
+	struct string_list new_refs, stale, tracked, heads, push;
 	int queried;
 };
 
@@ -330,22 +338,21 @@ static int get_ref_states(const struct ref *remote_refs, struct ref_states *stat
 	struct ref *ref, *stale_refs;
 	int i;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < states->remote->fetch_refspec_nr; i++)
-		if (get_fetch_map(remote_refs, states->remote->fetch + i, &tail, 1))
+	for (i = 0; i < states->remote->fetch.nr; i++)
+		if (get_fetch_map(remote_refs, &states->remote->fetch.items[i], &tail, 1))
 			die(_("Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"),
-				states->remote->fetch_refspec[i]);
+				states->remote->fetch.raw[i]);
 
-	states->new.strdup_strings = 1;
+	states->new_refs.strdup_strings = 1;
 	states->tracked.strdup_strings = 1;
 	states->stale.strdup_strings = 1;
 	for (ref = fetch_map; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		if (!ref->peer_ref || !ref_exists(ref->peer_ref->name))
-			string_list_append(&states->new, abbrev_branch(ref->name));
+			string_list_append(&states->new_refs, abbrev_branch(ref->name));
 		else
 			string_list_append(&states->tracked, abbrev_branch(ref->name));
 	}
-	stale_refs = get_stale_heads(states->remote->fetch,
-				     states->remote->fetch_refspec_nr, fetch_map);
+	stale_refs = get_stale_heads(&states->remote->fetch, fetch_map);
 	for (ref = stale_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		struct string_list_item *item =
 			string_list_append(&states->stale, abbrev_branch(ref->name));
@@ -354,7 +361,7 @@ static int get_ref_states(const struct ref *remote_refs, struct ref_states *stat
 	free_refs(stale_refs);
 	free_refs(fetch_map);
 
-	string_list_sort(&states->new);
+	string_list_sort(&states->new_refs);
 	string_list_sort(&states->tracked);
 	string_list_sort(&states->stale);
 
@@ -385,8 +392,7 @@ static int get_push_ref_states(const struct ref *remote_refs,
 	local_refs = get_local_heads();
 	push_map = copy_ref_list(remote_refs);
 
-	match_push_refs(local_refs, &push_map, remote->push_refspec_nr,
-			remote->push_refspec, MATCH_REFS_NONE);
+	match_push_refs(local_refs, &push_map, &remote->push, MATCH_REFS_NONE);
 
 	states->push.strdup_strings = 1;
 	for (ref = push_map; ref; ref = ref->next) {
@@ -395,7 +401,7 @@ static int get_push_ref_states(const struct ref *remote_refs,
 
 		if (!ref->peer_ref)
 			continue;
-		hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1);
+		oidcpy(&ref->new_oid, &ref->peer_ref->new_oid);
 
 		item = string_list_append(&states->push,
 					  abbrev_branch(ref->peer_ref->name));
@@ -404,14 +410,14 @@ static int get_push_ref_states(const struct ref *remote_refs,
 		info->forced = ref->force;
 		info->dest = xstrdup(abbrev_branch(ref->name));
 
-		if (is_null_sha1(ref->new_sha1)) {
+		if (is_null_oid(&ref->new_oid)) {
 			info->status = PUSH_STATUS_DELETE;
-		} else if (!hashcmp(ref->old_sha1, ref->new_sha1))
+		} else if (!oidcmp(&ref->old_oid, &ref->new_oid))
 			info->status = PUSH_STATUS_UPTODATE;
-		else if (is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1))
+		else if (is_null_oid(&ref->old_oid))
 			info->status = PUSH_STATUS_CREATE;
-		else if (has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1) &&
-			 ref_newer(ref->new_sha1, ref->old_sha1))
+		else if (has_object_file(&ref->old_oid) &&
+			 ref_newer(&ref->new_oid, &ref->old_oid))
 			info->status = PUSH_STATUS_FASTFORWARD;
 		else
 			info->status = PUSH_STATUS_OUTOFDATE;
@@ -432,14 +438,14 @@ static int get_push_ref_states_noquery(struct ref_states *states)
 		return 0;
 
 	states->push.strdup_strings = 1;
-	if (!remote->push_refspec_nr) {
+	if (!remote->push.nr) {
 		item = string_list_append(&states->push, _("(matching)"));
 		info = item->util = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct push_info));
 		info->status = PUSH_STATUS_NOTQUERIED;
 		info->dest = xstrdup(item->string);
 	}
-	for (i = 0; i < remote->push_refspec_nr; i++) {
-		struct refspec *spec = remote->push + i;
+	for (i = 0; i < remote->push.nr; i++) {
+		const struct refspec_item *spec = &remote->push.items[i];
 		if (spec->matching)
 			item = string_list_append(&states->push, _("(matching)"));
 		else if (strlen(spec->src))
@@ -459,7 +465,7 @@ static int get_head_names(const struct ref *remote_refs, struct ref_states *stat
 {
 	struct ref *ref, *matches;
 	struct ref *fetch_map = NULL, **fetch_map_tail = &fetch_map;
-	struct refspec refspec;
+	struct refspec_item refspec;
 
 	refspec.force = 0;
 	refspec.pattern = 1;
@@ -509,11 +515,10 @@ struct branches_for_remote {
 };
 
 static int add_branch_for_removal(const char *refname,
-	const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
+	const struct object_id *oid, int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct branches_for_remote *branches = cb_data;
-	struct refspec refspec;
-	struct string_list_item *item;
+	struct refspec_item refspec;
 	struct known_remote *kr;
 
 	memset(&refspec, 0, sizeof(refspec));
@@ -539,43 +544,37 @@ static int add_branch_for_removal(const char *refname,
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	/* make sure that symrefs are deleted */
-	if (flags & REF_ISSYMREF)
-		return unlink(git_path("%s", refname));
-
-	item = string_list_append(branches->branches, refname);
-	item->util = xmalloc(20);
-	hashcpy(item->util, sha1);
+	string_list_append(branches->branches, refname);
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
 struct rename_info {
-	const char *old;
-	const char *new;
+	const char *old_name;
+	const char *new_name;
 	struct string_list *remote_branches;
 };
 
 static int read_remote_branches(const char *refname,
-	const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
+	const struct object_id *oid, int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct rename_info *rename = cb_data;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct string_list_item *item;
 	int flag;
-	unsigned char orig_sha1[20];
 	const char *symref;
 
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "refs/remotes/%s/", rename->old);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "refs/remotes/%s/", rename->old_name);
 	if (starts_with(refname, buf.buf)) {
-		item = string_list_append(rename->remote_branches, xstrdup(refname));
+		item = string_list_append(rename->remote_branches, refname);
 		symref = resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-					    orig_sha1, &flag);
-		if (flag & REF_ISSYMREF)
+					    NULL, &flag);
+		if (symref && (flag & REF_ISSYMREF))
 			item->util = xstrdup(symref);
 		else
 			item->util = NULL;
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -584,31 +583,24 @@ static int migrate_file(struct remote *remote)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int i;
-	char *path = NULL;
 
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.url", remote->name);
 	for (i = 0; i < remote->url_nr; i++)
-		if (git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, remote->url[i], "^$", 0))
-			return error(_("Could not append '%s' to '%s'"),
-					remote->url[i], buf.buf);
+		git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, remote->url[i], "^$", 0);
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.push", remote->name);
-	for (i = 0; i < remote->push_refspec_nr; i++)
-		if (git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, remote->push_refspec[i], "^$", 0))
-			return error(_("Could not append '%s' to '%s'"),
-					remote->push_refspec[i], buf.buf);
+	for (i = 0; i < remote->push.raw_nr; i++)
+		git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, remote->push.raw[i], "^$", 0);
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.fetch", remote->name);
-	for (i = 0; i < remote->fetch_refspec_nr; i++)
-		if (git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, remote->fetch_refspec[i], "^$", 0))
-			return error(_("Could not append '%s' to '%s'"),
-					remote->fetch_refspec[i], buf.buf);
+	for (i = 0; i < remote->fetch.raw_nr; i++)
+		git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, remote->fetch.raw[i], "^$", 0);
 	if (remote->origin == REMOTE_REMOTES)
-		path = git_path("remotes/%s", remote->name);
+		unlink_or_warn(git_path("remotes/%s", remote->name));
 	else if (remote->origin == REMOTE_BRANCHES)
-		path = git_path("branches/%s", remote->name);
-	if (path)
-		unlink_or_warn(path);
+		unlink_or_warn(git_path("branches/%s", remote->name));
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -620,76 +612,72 @@ static int mv(int argc, const char **argv)
 	struct remote *oldremote, *newremote;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, buf2 = STRBUF_INIT, buf3 = STRBUF_INIT,
 		old_remote_context = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct string_list remote_branches = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	struct string_list remote_branches = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	struct rename_info rename;
 	int i, refspec_updated = 0;
 
 	if (argc != 3)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_rename_usage, options);
 
-	rename.old = argv[1];
-	rename.new = argv[2];
+	rename.old_name = argv[1];
+	rename.new_name = argv[2];
 	rename.remote_branches = &remote_branches;
 
-	oldremote = remote_get(rename.old);
-	if (!oldremote)
-		die(_("No such remote: %s"), rename.old);
+	oldremote = remote_get(rename.old_name);
+	if (!remote_is_configured(oldremote, 1))
+		die(_("No such remote: %s"), rename.old_name);
 
-	if (!strcmp(rename.old, rename.new) && oldremote->origin != REMOTE_CONFIG)
+	if (!strcmp(rename.old_name, rename.new_name) && oldremote->origin != REMOTE_CONFIG)
 		return migrate_file(oldremote);
 
-	newremote = remote_get(rename.new);
-	if (newremote && (newremote->url_nr > 1 || newremote->fetch_refspec_nr))
-		die(_("remote %s already exists."), rename.new);
+	newremote = remote_get(rename.new_name);
+	if (remote_is_configured(newremote, 1))
+		die(_("remote %s already exists."), rename.new_name);
 
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "refs/heads/test:refs/remotes/%s/test", rename.new);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "refs/heads/test:refs/remotes/%s/test", rename.new_name);
 	if (!valid_fetch_refspec(buf.buf))
-		die(_("'%s' is not a valid remote name"), rename.new);
+		die(_("'%s' is not a valid remote name"), rename.new_name);
 
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s", rename.old);
-	strbuf_addf(&buf2, "remote.%s", rename.new);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s", rename.old_name);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf2, "remote.%s", rename.new_name);
 	if (git_config_rename_section(buf.buf, buf2.buf) < 1)
 		return error(_("Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"),
 				buf.buf, buf2.buf);
 
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.fetch", rename.new);
-	if (git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, NULL, NULL, 1))
-		return error(_("Could not remove config section '%s'"), buf.buf);
-	strbuf_addf(&old_remote_context, ":refs/remotes/%s/", rename.old);
-	for (i = 0; i < oldremote->fetch_refspec_nr; i++) {
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.fetch", rename.new_name);
+	git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, NULL, NULL, 1);
+	strbuf_addf(&old_remote_context, ":refs/remotes/%s/", rename.old_name);
+	for (i = 0; i < oldremote->fetch.raw_nr; i++) {
 		char *ptr;
 
 		strbuf_reset(&buf2);
-		strbuf_addstr(&buf2, oldremote->fetch_refspec[i]);
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf2, oldremote->fetch.raw[i]);
 		ptr = strstr(buf2.buf, old_remote_context.buf);
 		if (ptr) {
 			refspec_updated = 1;
 			strbuf_splice(&buf2,
 				      ptr-buf2.buf + strlen(":refs/remotes/"),
-				      strlen(rename.old), rename.new,
-				      strlen(rename.new));
+				      strlen(rename.old_name), rename.new_name,
+				      strlen(rename.new_name));
 		} else
 			warning(_("Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
 				  "\t%s\n"
 				  "\tPlease update the configuration manually if necessary."),
 				buf2.buf);
 
-		if (git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, buf2.buf, "^$", 0))
-			return error(_("Could not append '%s'"), buf.buf);
+		git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, buf2.buf, "^$", 0);
 	}
 
 	read_branches();
 	for (i = 0; i < branch_list.nr; i++) {
 		struct string_list_item *item = branch_list.items + i;
 		struct branch_info *info = item->util;
-		if (info->remote_name && !strcmp(info->remote_name, rename.old)) {
+		if (info->remote_name && !strcmp(info->remote_name, rename.old_name)) {
 			strbuf_reset(&buf);
 			strbuf_addf(&buf, "branch.%s.remote", item->string);
-			if (git_config_set(buf.buf, rename.new)) {
-				return error(_("Could not set '%s'"), buf.buf);
-			}
+			git_config_set(buf.buf, rename.new_name);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -704,12 +692,12 @@ static int mv(int argc, const char **argv)
 	for (i = 0; i < remote_branches.nr; i++) {
 		struct string_list_item *item = remote_branches.items + i;
 		int flag = 0;
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 
-		read_ref_full(item->string, RESOLVE_REF_READING, sha1, &flag);
+		read_ref_full(item->string, RESOLVE_REF_READING, &oid, &flag);
 		if (!(flag & REF_ISSYMREF))
 			continue;
-		if (delete_ref(item->string, NULL, REF_NODEREF))
+		if (delete_ref(NULL, item->string, NULL, REF_NO_DEREF))
 			die(_("deleting '%s' failed"), item->string);
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < remote_branches.nr; i++) {
@@ -719,8 +707,8 @@ static int mv(int argc, const char **argv)
 			continue;
 		strbuf_reset(&buf);
 		strbuf_addstr(&buf, item->string);
-		strbuf_splice(&buf, strlen("refs/remotes/"), strlen(rename.old),
-				rename.new, strlen(rename.new));
+		strbuf_splice(&buf, strlen("refs/remotes/"), strlen(rename.old_name),
+				rename.new_name, strlen(rename.new_name));
 		strbuf_reset(&buf2);
 		strbuf_addf(&buf2, "remote: renamed %s to %s",
 				item->string, buf.buf);
@@ -734,41 +722,22 @@ static int mv(int argc, const char **argv)
 			continue;
 		strbuf_reset(&buf);
 		strbuf_addstr(&buf, item->string);
-		strbuf_splice(&buf, strlen("refs/remotes/"), strlen(rename.old),
-				rename.new, strlen(rename.new));
+		strbuf_splice(&buf, strlen("refs/remotes/"), strlen(rename.old_name),
+				rename.new_name, strlen(rename.new_name));
 		strbuf_reset(&buf2);
 		strbuf_addstr(&buf2, item->util);
-		strbuf_splice(&buf2, strlen("refs/remotes/"), strlen(rename.old),
-				rename.new, strlen(rename.new));
+		strbuf_splice(&buf2, strlen("refs/remotes/"), strlen(rename.old_name),
+				rename.new_name, strlen(rename.new_name));
 		strbuf_reset(&buf3);
 		strbuf_addf(&buf3, "remote: renamed %s to %s",
 				item->string, buf.buf);
 		if (create_symref(buf.buf, buf2.buf, buf3.buf))
 			die(_("creating '%s' failed"), buf.buf);
 	}
+	string_list_clear(&remote_branches, 1);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int remove_branches(struct string_list *branches)
-{
-	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int i, result = 0;
-
-	if (repack_without_refs(branches, &err))
-		result |= error("%s", err.buf);
-	strbuf_release(&err);
-
-	for (i = 0; i < branches->nr; i++) {
-		struct string_list_item *item = branches->items + i;
-		const char *refname = item->string;
-
-		if (delete_ref(refname, NULL, 0))
-			result |= error(_("Could not remove branch %s"), refname);
-	}
-
-	return result;
-}
-
 static int rm(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	struct option options[] = {
@@ -791,7 +760,7 @@ static int rm(int argc, const char **argv)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_rm_usage, options);
 
 	remote = remote_get(argv[1]);
-	if (!remote)
+	if (!remote_is_configured(remote, 1))
 		die(_("No such remote: %s"), argv[1]);
 
 	known_remotes.to_delete = remote;
@@ -807,10 +776,9 @@ static int rm(int argc, const char **argv)
 				strbuf_reset(&buf);
 				strbuf_addf(&buf, "branch.%s.%s",
 						item->string, *k);
-				if (git_config_set(buf.buf, NULL)) {
-					strbuf_release(&buf);
-					return -1;
-				}
+				result = git_config_set_gently(buf.buf, NULL);
+				if (result && result != CONFIG_NOTHING_SET)
+					die(_("could not unset '%s'"), buf.buf);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -825,8 +793,8 @@ static int rm(int argc, const char **argv)
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 
 	if (!result)
-		result = remove_branches(&branches);
-	string_list_clear(&branches, 1);
+		result = delete_refs("remote: remove", &branches, REF_NO_DEREF);
+	string_list_clear(&branches, 0);
 
 	if (skipped.nr) {
 		fprintf_ln(stderr,
@@ -859,7 +827,7 @@ static void clear_push_info(void *util, const char *string)
 
 static void free_remote_ref_states(struct ref_states *states)
 {
-	string_list_clear(&states->new, 0);
+	string_list_clear(&states->new_refs, 0);
 	string_list_clear(&states->stale, 1);
 	string_list_clear(&states->tracked, 0);
 	string_list_clear(&states->heads, 0);
@@ -867,10 +835,10 @@ static void free_remote_ref_states(struct ref_states *states)
 }
 
 static int append_ref_to_tracked_list(const char *refname,
-	const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
+	const struct object_id *oid, int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct ref_states *states = cb_data;
-	struct refspec refspec;
+	struct refspec_item refspec;
 
 	if (flags & REF_ISSYMREF)
 		return 0;
@@ -899,7 +867,7 @@ static int get_remote_ref_states(const char *name,
 	if (query) {
 		transport = transport_get(states->remote, states->remote->url_nr > 0 ?
 			states->remote->url[0] : NULL);
-		remote_refs = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
+		remote_refs = transport_get_remote_refs(transport, NULL);
 		transport_disconnect(transport);
 
 		states->queried = 1;
@@ -944,7 +912,7 @@ static int show_remote_info_item(struct string_list_item *item, void *cb_data)
 	if (states->queried) {
 		const char *fmt = "%s";
 		const char *arg = "";
-		if (string_list_has_string(&states->new, name)) {
+		if (string_list_has_string(&states->new_refs, name)) {
 			fmt = _(" new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)");
 			arg = states->remote->name;
 		} else if (string_list_has_string(&states->tracked, name))
@@ -989,7 +957,7 @@ static int show_local_info_item(struct string_list_item *item, void *cb_data)
 	struct show_info *show_info = cb_data;
 	struct branch_info *branch_info = item->util;
 	struct string_list *merge = &branch_info->merge;
-	const char *also;
+	int width = show_info->width + 4;
 	int i;
 
 	if (branch_info->rebase && branch_info->merge.nr > 1) {
@@ -1000,17 +968,24 @@ static int show_local_info_item(struct string_list_item *item, void *cb_data)
 
 	printf("    %-*s ", show_info->width, item->string);
 	if (branch_info->rebase) {
-		printf_ln(_("rebases onto remote %s"), merge->items[0].string);
+		const char *msg;
+		if (branch_info->rebase == INTERACTIVE_REBASE)
+			msg = _("rebases interactively onto remote %s");
+		else if (branch_info->rebase == REBASE_MERGES)
+			msg = _("rebases interactively (with merges) onto "
+				"remote %s");
+		else
+			msg = _("rebases onto remote %s");
+		printf_ln(msg, merge->items[0].string);
 		return 0;
 	} else if (show_info->any_rebase) {
 		printf_ln(_(" merges with remote %s"), merge->items[0].string);
-		also = _("    and with remote");
+		width++;
 	} else {
 		printf_ln(_("merges with remote %s"), merge->items[0].string);
-		also = _("   and with remote");
 	}
 	for (i = 1; i < merge->nr; i++)
-		printf("    %-*s %s %s\n", show_info->width, "", also,
+		printf(_("%-*s    and with remote %s\n"), width, "",
 		       merge->items[i].string);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -1189,13 +1164,18 @@ static int show(int argc, const char **argv)
 			url_nr = states.remote->url_nr;
 		}
 		for (i = 0; i < url_nr; i++)
+			/*
+			 * TRANSLATORS: the colon ':' should align
+			 * with the one in " Fetch URL: %s"
+			 * translation.
+			 */
 			printf_ln(_("  Push  URL: %s"), url[i]);
 		if (!i)
-			printf_ln(_("  Push  URL: %s"), "(no URL)");
+			printf_ln(_("  Push  URL: %s"), _("(no URL)"));
 		if (no_query)
-			printf_ln(_("  HEAD branch: %s"), "(not queried)");
+			printf_ln(_("  HEAD branch: %s"), _("(not queried)"));
 		else if (!states.heads.nr)
-			printf_ln(_("  HEAD branch: %s"), "(unknown)");
+			printf_ln(_("  HEAD branch: %s"), _("(unknown)"));
 		else if (states.heads.nr == 1)
 			printf_ln(_("  HEAD branch: %s"), states.heads.items[0].string);
 		else {
@@ -1207,7 +1187,7 @@ static int show(int argc, const char **argv)
 
 		/* remote branch info */
 		info.width = 0;
-		for_each_string_list(&states.new, add_remote_to_show_info, &info);
+		for_each_string_list(&states.new_refs, add_remote_to_show_info, &info);
 		for_each_string_list(&states.tracked, add_remote_to_show_info, &info);
 		for_each_string_list(&states.stale, add_remote_to_show_info, &info);
 		if (info.list->nr)
@@ -1235,8 +1215,7 @@ static int show(int argc, const char **argv)
 
 		info.width = info.width2 = 0;
 		for_each_string_list(&states.push, add_push_to_show_info, &info);
-		qsort(info.list->items, info.list->nr,
-			sizeof(*info.list->items), cmp_string_with_push);
+		QSORT(info.list->items, info.list->nr, cmp_string_with_push);
 		if (info.list->nr)
 			printf_ln(Q_("  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:",
 				     "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:",
@@ -1287,7 +1266,7 @@ static int set_head(int argc, const char **argv)
 			head_name = xstrdup(states.heads.items[0].string);
 		free_remote_ref_states(&states);
 	} else if (opt_d && !opt_a && argc == 1) {
-		if (delete_ref(buf.buf, NULL, REF_NODEREF))
+		if (delete_ref(NULL, buf.buf, NULL, REF_NO_DEREF))
 			result |= error(_("Could not delete %s"), buf.buf);
 	} else
 		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_sethead_usage, options);
@@ -1337,19 +1316,12 @@ static int prune_remote(const char *remote, int dry_run)
 		string_list_append(&refs_to_prune, item->util);
 	string_list_sort(&refs_to_prune);
 
-	if (!dry_run) {
-		struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
-		if (repack_without_refs(&refs_to_prune, &err))
-			result |= error("%s", err.buf);
-		strbuf_release(&err);
-	}
+	if (!dry_run)
+		result |= delete_refs("remote: prune", &refs_to_prune, 0);
 
 	for_each_string_list_item(item, &states.stale) {
 		const char *refname = item->util;
 
-		if (!dry_run)
-			result |= delete_ref(refname, NULL, 0);
-
 		if (dry_run)
 			printf_ln(_(" * [would prune] %s"),
 			       abbrev_ref(refname, "refs/remotes/"));
@@ -1436,24 +1408,20 @@ static int update(int argc, const char **argv)
 
 static int remove_all_fetch_refspecs(const char *remote, const char *key)
 {
-	return git_config_set_multivar(key, NULL, NULL, 1);
+	return git_config_set_multivar_gently(key, NULL, NULL, 1);
 }
 
-static int add_branches(struct remote *remote, const char **branches,
-			const char *key)
+static void add_branches(struct remote *remote, const char **branches,
+			 const char *key)
 {
 	const char *remotename = remote->name;
 	int mirror = remote->mirror;
 	struct strbuf refspec = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	for (; *branches; branches++)
-		if (add_branch(key, *branches, remotename, mirror, &refspec)) {
-			strbuf_release(&refspec);
-			return 1;
-		}
+		add_branch(key, *branches, remotename, mirror, &refspec);
 
 	strbuf_release(&refspec);
-	return 0;
 }
 
 static int set_remote_branches(const char *remotename, const char **branches,
@@ -1464,18 +1432,15 @@ static int set_remote_branches(const char *remotename, const char **branches,
 
 	strbuf_addf(&key, "remote.%s.fetch", remotename);
 
-	if (!remote_is_configured(remotename))
-		die(_("No such remote '%s'"), remotename);
 	remote = remote_get(remotename);
+	if (!remote_is_configured(remote, 1))
+		die(_("No such remote '%s'"), remotename);
 
 	if (!add_mode && remove_all_fetch_refspecs(remotename, key.buf)) {
 		strbuf_release(&key);
 		return 1;
 	}
-	if (add_branches(remote, branches, key.buf)) {
-		strbuf_release(&key);
-		return 1;
-	}
+	add_branches(remote, branches, key.buf);
 
 	strbuf_release(&key);
 	return 0;
@@ -1500,6 +1465,57 @@ static int set_branches(int argc, const char **argv)
 	return set_remote_branches(argv[0], argv + 1, add_mode);
 }
 
+static int get_url(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	int i, push_mode = 0, all_mode = 0;
+	const char *remotename = NULL;
+	struct remote *remote;
+	const char **url;
+	int url_nr;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOL('\0', "push", &push_mode,
+			 N_("query push URLs rather than fetch URLs")),
+		OPT_BOOL('\0', "all", &all_mode,
+			 N_("return all URLs")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, builtin_remote_geturl_usage, 0);
+
+	if (argc != 1)
+		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_geturl_usage, options);
+
+	remotename = argv[0];
+
+	remote = remote_get(remotename);
+	if (!remote_is_configured(remote, 1))
+		die(_("No such remote '%s'"), remotename);
+
+	url_nr = 0;
+	if (push_mode) {
+		url = remote->pushurl;
+		url_nr = remote->pushurl_nr;
+	}
+	/* else fetch mode */
+
+	/* Use the fetch URL when no push URLs were found or requested. */
+	if (!url_nr) {
+		url = remote->url;
+		url_nr = remote->url_nr;
+	}
+
+	if (!url_nr)
+		die(_("no URLs configured for remote '%s'"), remotename);
+
+	if (all_mode) {
+		for (i = 0; i < url_nr; i++)
+			printf_ln("%s", url[i]);
+	} else {
+		printf_ln("%s", *url);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int set_url(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	int i, push_mode = 0, add_mode = 0, delete_mode = 0;
@@ -1538,9 +1554,9 @@ static int set_url(int argc, const char **argv)
 	if (delete_mode)
 		oldurl = newurl;
 
-	if (!remote_is_configured(remotename))
-		die(_("No such remote '%s'"), remotename);
 	remote = remote_get(remotename);
+	if (!remote_is_configured(remote, 1))
+		die(_("No such remote '%s'"), remotename);
 
 	if (push_mode) {
 		strbuf_addf(&name_buf, "remote.%s.pushurl", remotename);
@@ -1556,11 +1572,10 @@ static int set_url(int argc, const char **argv)
 	if ((!oldurl && !delete_mode) || add_mode) {
 		if (add_mode)
 			git_config_set_multivar(name_buf.buf, newurl,
-				"^$", 0);
+						       "^$", 0);
 		else
 			git_config_set(name_buf.buf, newurl);
-		strbuf_release(&name_buf);
-		return 0;
+		goto out;
 	}
 
 	/* Old URL specified. Demand that one matches. */
@@ -1583,6 +1598,8 @@ static int set_url(int argc, const char **argv)
 		git_config_set_multivar(name_buf.buf, newurl, oldurl, 0);
 	else
 		git_config_set_multivar(name_buf.buf, NULL, oldurl, 1);
+out:
+	strbuf_release(&name_buf);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1609,6 +1626,8 @@ int cmd_remote(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		result = set_head(argc, argv);
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "set-branches"))
 		result = set_branches(argc, argv);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "get-url"))
+		result = get_url(argc, argv);
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "set-url"))
 		result = set_url(argc, argv);
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "show"))
diff --git a/builtin/repack.c b/builtin/repack.c
index 28fbc7099a..d5886039cc 100644
--- a/builtin/repack.c
+++ b/builtin/repack.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
@@ -7,6 +8,8 @@
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 static int delta_base_offset = 1;
 static int pack_kept_objects = -1;
@@ -18,6 +21,12 @@ static const char *const git_repack_usage[] = {
 	NULL
 };
 
+static const char incremental_bitmap_conflict_error[] = N_(
+"Incremental repacks are incompatible with bitmap indexes.  Use\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index or disable the pack.writebitmaps configuration."
+);
+
+
 static int repack_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "repack.usedeltabaseoffset")) {
@@ -76,9 +85,11 @@ static void remove_pack_on_signal(int signo)
 
 /*
  * Adds all packs hex strings to the fname list, which do not
- * have a corresponding .keep file.
+ * have a corresponding .keep file. These packs are not to
+ * be kept if we are going to pack everything into one file.
  */
-static void get_non_kept_pack_filenames(struct string_list *fname_list)
+static void get_non_kept_pack_filenames(struct string_list *fname_list,
+					const struct string_list *extra_keep)
 {
 	DIR *dir;
 	struct dirent *e;
@@ -89,6 +100,14 @@ static void get_non_kept_pack_filenames(struct string_list *fname_list)
 
 	while ((e = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
 		size_t len;
+		int i;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < extra_keep->nr; i++)
+			if (!fspathcmp(e->d_name, extra_keep->items[i].string))
+				break;
+		if (extra_keep->nr > 0 && i < extra_keep->nr)
+			continue;
+
 		if (!strip_suffix(e->d_name, ".pack", &len))
 			continue;
 
@@ -104,7 +123,7 @@ static void get_non_kept_pack_filenames(struct string_list *fname_list)
 
 static void remove_redundant_pack(const char *dir_name, const char *base_name)
 {
-	const char *exts[] = {".pack", ".idx", ".keep", ".bitmap"};
+	const char *exts[] = {".pack", ".idx", ".keep", ".bitmap", ".promisor"};
 	int i;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	size_t plen;
@@ -120,6 +139,117 @@ static void remove_redundant_pack(const char *dir_name, const char *base_name)
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
+struct pack_objects_args {
+	const char *window;
+	const char *window_memory;
+	const char *depth;
+	const char *threads;
+	const char *max_pack_size;
+	int no_reuse_delta;
+	int no_reuse_object;
+	int quiet;
+	int local;
+};
+
+static void prepare_pack_objects(struct child_process *cmd,
+				 const struct pack_objects_args *args)
+{
+	argv_array_push(&cmd->args, "pack-objects");
+	if (args->window)
+		argv_array_pushf(&cmd->args, "--window=%s", args->window);
+	if (args->window_memory)
+		argv_array_pushf(&cmd->args, "--window-memory=%s", args->window_memory);
+	if (args->depth)
+		argv_array_pushf(&cmd->args, "--depth=%s", args->depth);
+	if (args->threads)
+		argv_array_pushf(&cmd->args, "--threads=%s", args->threads);
+	if (args->max_pack_size)
+		argv_array_pushf(&cmd->args, "--max-pack-size=%s", args->max_pack_size);
+	if (args->no_reuse_delta)
+		argv_array_pushf(&cmd->args, "--no-reuse-delta");
+	if (args->no_reuse_object)
+		argv_array_pushf(&cmd->args, "--no-reuse-object");
+	if (args->local)
+		argv_array_push(&cmd->args,  "--local");
+	if (args->quiet)
+		argv_array_push(&cmd->args,  "--quiet");
+	if (delta_base_offset)
+		argv_array_push(&cmd->args,  "--delta-base-offset");
+	argv_array_push(&cmd->args, packtmp);
+	cmd->git_cmd = 1;
+	cmd->out = -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Write oid to the given struct child_process's stdin, starting it first if
+ * necessary.
+ */
+static int write_oid(const struct object_id *oid, struct packed_git *pack,
+		     uint32_t pos, void *data)
+{
+	struct child_process *cmd = data;
+
+	if (cmd->in == -1) {
+		if (start_command(cmd))
+			die("Could not start pack-objects to repack promisor objects");
+	}
+
+	xwrite(cmd->in, oid_to_hex(oid), GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ);
+	xwrite(cmd->in, "\n", 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void repack_promisor_objects(const struct pack_objects_args *args,
+				    struct string_list *names)
+{
+	struct child_process cmd = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	FILE *out;
+	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	prepare_pack_objects(&cmd, args);
+	cmd.in = -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * NEEDSWORK: Giving pack-objects only the OIDs without any ordering
+	 * hints may result in suboptimal deltas in the resulting pack. See if
+	 * the OIDs can be sent with fake paths such that pack-objects can use a
+	 * {type -> existing pack order} ordering when computing deltas instead
+	 * of a {type -> size} ordering, which may produce better deltas.
+	 */
+	for_each_packed_object(write_oid, &cmd,
+			       FOR_EACH_OBJECT_PROMISOR_ONLY);
+
+	if (cmd.in == -1)
+		/* No packed objects; cmd was never started */
+		return;
+
+	close(cmd.in);
+
+	out = xfdopen(cmd.out, "r");
+	while (strbuf_getline_lf(&line, out) != EOF) {
+		char *promisor_name;
+		int fd;
+		if (line.len != 40)
+			die("repack: Expecting 40 character sha1 lines only from pack-objects.");
+		string_list_append(names, line.buf);
+
+		/*
+		 * pack-objects creates the .pack and .idx files, but not the
+		 * .promisor file. Create the .promisor file, which is empty.
+		 */
+		promisor_name = mkpathdup("%s-%s.promisor", packtmp,
+					  line.buf);
+		fd = open(promisor_name, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY, 0600);
+		if (fd < 0)
+			die_errno("unable to create '%s'", promisor_name);
+		close(fd);
+		free(promisor_name);
+	}
+	fclose(out);
+	if (finish_command(&cmd))
+		die("Could not finish pack-objects to repack promisor objects");
+}
+
 #define ALL_INTO_ONE 1
 #define LOOSEN_UNREACHABLE 2
 
@@ -132,6 +262,7 @@ int cmd_repack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		{".pack"},
 		{".idx"},
 		{".bitmap", 1},
+		{".promisor", 1},
 	};
 	struct child_process cmd = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 	struct string_list_item *item;
@@ -139,20 +270,17 @@ int cmd_repack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct string_list rollback = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	struct string_list existing_packs = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int ext, ret, failed;
+	int i, ext, ret, failed;
 	FILE *out;
 
 	/* variables to be filled by option parsing */
 	int pack_everything = 0;
 	int delete_redundant = 0;
 	const char *unpack_unreachable = NULL;
-	const char *window = NULL, *window_memory = NULL;
-	const char *depth = NULL;
-	const char *max_pack_size = NULL;
-	int no_reuse_delta = 0, no_reuse_object = 0;
+	int keep_unreachable = 0;
+	struct string_list keep_pack_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	int no_update_server_info = 0;
-	int quiet = 0;
-	int local = 0;
+	struct pack_objects_args po_args = {NULL};
 
 	struct option builtin_repack_options[] = {
 		OPT_BIT('a', NULL, &pack_everything,
@@ -162,29 +290,35 @@ int cmd_repack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				   LOOSEN_UNREACHABLE | ALL_INTO_ONE),
 		OPT_BOOL('d', NULL, &delete_redundant,
 				N_("remove redundant packs, and run git-prune-packed")),
-		OPT_BOOL('f', NULL, &no_reuse_delta,
+		OPT_BOOL('f', NULL, &po_args.no_reuse_delta,
 				N_("pass --no-reuse-delta to git-pack-objects")),
-		OPT_BOOL('F', NULL, &no_reuse_object,
+		OPT_BOOL('F', NULL, &po_args.no_reuse_object,
 				N_("pass --no-reuse-object to git-pack-objects")),
 		OPT_BOOL('n', NULL, &no_update_server_info,
 				N_("do not run git-update-server-info")),
-		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("be quiet")),
-		OPT_BOOL('l', "local", &local,
+		OPT__QUIET(&po_args.quiet, N_("be quiet")),
+		OPT_BOOL('l', "local", &po_args.local,
 				N_("pass --local to git-pack-objects")),
 		OPT_BOOL('b', "write-bitmap-index", &write_bitmaps,
 				N_("write bitmap index")),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "unpack-unreachable", &unpack_unreachable, N_("approxidate"),
 				N_("with -A, do not loosen objects older than this")),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "window", &window, N_("n"),
+		OPT_BOOL('k', "keep-unreachable", &keep_unreachable,
+				N_("with -a, repack unreachable objects")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "window", &po_args.window, N_("n"),
 				N_("size of the window used for delta compression")),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "window-memory", &window_memory, N_("bytes"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "window-memory", &po_args.window_memory, N_("bytes"),
 				N_("same as the above, but limit memory size instead of entries count")),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "depth", &depth, N_("n"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "depth", &po_args.depth, N_("n"),
 				N_("limits the maximum delta depth")),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "max-pack-size", &max_pack_size, N_("bytes"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "threads", &po_args.threads, N_("n"),
+				N_("limits the maximum number of threads")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "max-pack-size", &po_args.max_pack_size, N_("bytes"),
 				N_("maximum size of each packfile")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "pack-kept-objects", &pack_kept_objects,
 				N_("repack objects in packs marked with .keep")),
+		OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "keep-pack", &keep_pack_list, N_("name"),
+				N_("do not repack this pack")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -193,65 +327,67 @@ int cmd_repack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_repack_options,
 				git_repack_usage, 0);
 
+	if (delete_redundant && repository_format_precious_objects)
+		die(_("cannot delete packs in a precious-objects repo"));
+
+	if (keep_unreachable &&
+	    (unpack_unreachable || (pack_everything & LOOSEN_UNREACHABLE)))
+		die(_("--keep-unreachable and -A are incompatible"));
+
 	if (pack_kept_objects < 0)
 		pack_kept_objects = write_bitmaps;
 
+	if (write_bitmaps && !(pack_everything & ALL_INTO_ONE))
+		die(_(incremental_bitmap_conflict_error));
+
 	packdir = mkpathdup("%s/pack", get_object_directory());
 	packtmp = mkpathdup("%s/.tmp-%d-pack", packdir, (int)getpid());
 
 	sigchain_push_common(remove_pack_on_signal);
 
-	argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "pack-objects");
+	prepare_pack_objects(&cmd, &po_args);
+
 	argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--keep-true-parents");
 	if (!pack_kept_objects)
 		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--honor-pack-keep");
+	for (i = 0; i < keep_pack_list.nr; i++)
+		argv_array_pushf(&cmd.args, "--keep-pack=%s",
+				 keep_pack_list.items[i].string);
 	argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--non-empty");
 	argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--all");
 	argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--reflog");
 	argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--indexed-objects");
-	if (window)
-		argv_array_pushf(&cmd.args, "--window=%s", window);
-	if (window_memory)
-		argv_array_pushf(&cmd.args, "--window-memory=%s", window_memory);
-	if (depth)
-		argv_array_pushf(&cmd.args, "--depth=%s", depth);
-	if (max_pack_size)
-		argv_array_pushf(&cmd.args, "--max-pack-size=%s", max_pack_size);
-	if (no_reuse_delta)
-		argv_array_pushf(&cmd.args, "--no-reuse-delta");
-	if (no_reuse_object)
-		argv_array_pushf(&cmd.args, "--no-reuse-object");
+	if (repository_format_partial_clone)
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--exclude-promisor-objects");
 	if (write_bitmaps)
 		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--write-bitmap-index");
 
 	if (pack_everything & ALL_INTO_ONE) {
-		get_non_kept_pack_filenames(&existing_packs);
+		get_non_kept_pack_filenames(&existing_packs, &keep_pack_list);
+
+		repack_promisor_objects(&po_args, &names);
 
 		if (existing_packs.nr && delete_redundant) {
-			if (unpack_unreachable)
+			if (unpack_unreachable) {
 				argv_array_pushf(&cmd.args,
 						"--unpack-unreachable=%s",
 						unpack_unreachable);
-			else if (pack_everything & LOOSEN_UNREACHABLE)
+				argv_array_push(&cmd.env_array, "GIT_REF_PARANOIA=1");
+			} else if (pack_everything & LOOSEN_UNREACHABLE) {
 				argv_array_push(&cmd.args,
 						"--unpack-unreachable");
+			} else if (keep_unreachable) {
+				argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--keep-unreachable");
+				argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--pack-loose-unreachable");
+			} else {
+				argv_array_push(&cmd.env_array, "GIT_REF_PARANOIA=1");
+			}
 		}
 	} else {
 		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--unpacked");
 		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--incremental");
 	}
 
-	if (local)
-		argv_array_push(&cmd.args,  "--local");
-	if (quiet)
-		argv_array_push(&cmd.args,  "--quiet");
-	if (delta_base_offset)
-		argv_array_push(&cmd.args,  "--delta-base-offset");
-
-	argv_array_push(&cmd.args, packtmp);
-
-	cmd.git_cmd = 1;
-	cmd.out = -1;
 	cmd.no_stdin = 1;
 
 	ret = start_command(&cmd);
@@ -259,7 +395,7 @@ int cmd_repack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		return ret;
 
 	out = xfdopen(cmd.out, "r");
-	while (strbuf_getline(&line, out, '\n') != EOF) {
+	while (strbuf_getline_lf(&line, out) != EOF) {
 		if (line.len != 40)
 			die("repack: Expecting 40 character sha1 lines only from pack-objects.");
 		string_list_append(&names, line.buf);
@@ -269,7 +405,7 @@ int cmd_repack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	if (!names.nr && !quiet)
+	if (!names.nr && !po_args.quiet)
 		printf("Nothing new to pack.\n");
 
 	/*
@@ -289,7 +425,7 @@ int cmd_repack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				continue;
 			}
 
-			fname_old = mkpath("%s/old-%s%s", packdir,
+			fname_old = mkpathdup("%s/old-%s%s", packdir,
 						item->string, exts[ext].name);
 			if (file_exists(fname_old))
 				if (unlink(fname_old))
@@ -297,10 +433,12 @@ int cmd_repack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 			if (!failed && rename(fname, fname_old)) {
 				free(fname);
+				free(fname_old);
 				failed = 1;
 				break;
 			} else {
 				string_list_append(&rollback, fname);
+				free(fname_old);
 			}
 		}
 		if (failed)
@@ -311,10 +449,11 @@ int cmd_repack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		for_each_string_list_item(item, &rollback) {
 			char *fname, *fname_old;
 			fname = mkpathdup("%s/%s", packdir, item->string);
-			fname_old = mkpath("%s/old-%s", packdir, item->string);
+			fname_old = mkpathdup("%s/old-%s", packdir, item->string);
 			if (rename(fname_old, fname))
 				string_list_append(&rollback_failure, fname);
 			free(fname);
+			free(fname_old);
 		}
 
 		if (rollback_failure.nr) {
@@ -363,17 +502,20 @@ int cmd_repack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	for_each_string_list_item(item, &names) {
 		for (ext = 0; ext < ARRAY_SIZE(exts); ext++) {
 			char *fname;
-			fname = mkpath("%s/old-%s%s",
-					packdir,
-					item->string,
-					exts[ext].name);
+			fname = mkpathdup("%s/old-%s%s",
+					  packdir,
+					  item->string,
+					  exts[ext].name);
 			if (remove_path(fname))
-				warning(_("removing '%s' failed"), fname);
+				warning(_("failed to remove '%s'"), fname);
+			free(fname);
 		}
 	}
 
 	/* End of pack replacement. */
 
+	reprepare_packed_git(the_repository);
+
 	if (delete_redundant) {
 		int opts = 0;
 		string_list_sort(&names);
@@ -386,7 +528,7 @@ int cmd_repack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			if (!string_list_has_string(&names, sha1))
 				remove_redundant_pack(packdir, item->string);
 		}
-		if (!quiet && isatty(2))
+		if (!po_args.quiet && isatty(2))
 			opts |= PRUNE_PACKED_VERBOSE;
 		prune_packed_objects(opts);
 	}
diff --git a/builtin/replace.c b/builtin/replace.c
index 54bf01acb4..4f05791f3e 100644
--- a/builtin/replace.c
+++ b/builtin/replace.c
@@ -9,16 +9,20 @@
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 
 static const char * const git_replace_usage[] = {
 	N_("git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"),
 	N_("git replace [-f] --edit <object>"),
 	N_("git replace [-f] --graft <commit> [<parent>...]"),
+	N_("git replace [-f] --convert-graft-file"),
 	N_("git replace -d <object>..."),
 	N_("git replace [--format=<format>] [-l [<pattern>]]"),
 	NULL
@@ -35,28 +39,29 @@ struct show_data {
 	enum replace_format format;
 };
 
-static int show_reference(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int show_reference(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
 			  int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct show_data *data = cb_data;
 
-	if (!wildmatch(data->pattern, refname, 0, NULL)) {
+	if (!wildmatch(data->pattern, refname, 0)) {
 		if (data->format == REPLACE_FORMAT_SHORT)
 			printf("%s\n", refname);
 		else if (data->format == REPLACE_FORMAT_MEDIUM)
-			printf("%s -> %s\n", refname, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			printf("%s -> %s\n", refname, oid_to_hex(oid));
 		else { /* data->format == REPLACE_FORMAT_LONG */
-			unsigned char object[20];
+			struct object_id object;
 			enum object_type obj_type, repl_type;
 
-			if (get_sha1(refname, object))
-				return error("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", refname);
+			if (get_oid(refname, &object))
+				return error(_("failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref"), refname);
 
-			obj_type = sha1_object_info(object, NULL);
-			repl_type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+			obj_type = oid_object_info(the_repository, &object,
+						   NULL);
+			repl_type = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
 
-			printf("%s (%s) -> %s (%s)\n", refname, typename(obj_type),
-			       sha1_to_hex(sha1), typename(repl_type));
+			printf("%s (%s) -> %s (%s)\n", refname, type_name(obj_type),
+			       oid_to_hex(oid), type_name(repl_type));
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -78,118 +83,130 @@ static int list_replace_refs(const char *pattern, const char *format)
 	else if (!strcmp(format, "long"))
 		data.format = REPLACE_FORMAT_LONG;
 	else
-		die("invalid replace format '%s'\n"
-		    "valid formats are 'short', 'medium' and 'long'\n",
-		    format);
+		return error(_("invalid replace format '%s'\n"
+			       "valid formats are 'short', 'medium' and 'long'"),
+			     format);
 
-	for_each_replace_ref(show_reference, (void *) &data);
+	for_each_replace_ref(the_repository, show_reference, (void *)&data);
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
 typedef int (*each_replace_name_fn)(const char *name, const char *ref,
-				    const unsigned char *sha1);
+				    const struct object_id *oid);
 
 static int for_each_replace_name(const char **argv, each_replace_name_fn fn)
 {
 	const char **p, *full_hex;
-	char ref[PATH_MAX];
+	struct strbuf ref = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t base_len;
 	int had_error = 0;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&ref, git_replace_ref_base);
+	base_len = ref.len;
 
 	for (p = argv; *p; p++) {
-		if (get_sha1(*p, sha1)) {
-			error("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", *p);
+		if (get_oid(*p, &oid)) {
+			error("failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref", *p);
 			had_error = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		full_hex = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
-		snprintf(ref, sizeof(ref), "refs/replace/%s", full_hex);
-		/* read_ref() may reuse the buffer */
-		full_hex = ref + strlen("refs/replace/");
-		if (read_ref(ref, sha1)) {
-			error("replace ref '%s' not found.", full_hex);
+
+		strbuf_setlen(&ref, base_len);
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref, oid_to_hex(&oid));
+		full_hex = ref.buf + base_len;
+
+		if (read_ref(ref.buf, &oid)) {
+			error(_("replace ref '%s' not found"), full_hex);
 			had_error = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (fn(full_hex, ref, sha1))
+		if (fn(full_hex, ref.buf, &oid))
 			had_error = 1;
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&ref);
 	return had_error;
 }
 
 static int delete_replace_ref(const char *name, const char *ref,
-			      const unsigned char *sha1)
+			      const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	if (delete_ref(ref, sha1, 0))
+	if (delete_ref(NULL, ref, oid, 0))
 		return 1;
-	printf("Deleted replace ref '%s'\n", name);
+	printf_ln(_("Deleted replace ref '%s'"), name);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void check_ref_valid(unsigned char object[20],
-			    unsigned char prev[20],
-			    char *ref,
-			    int ref_size,
+static int check_ref_valid(struct object_id *object,
+			    struct object_id *prev,
+			    struct strbuf *ref,
 			    int force)
 {
-	if (snprintf(ref, ref_size,
-		     "refs/replace/%s",
-		     sha1_to_hex(object)) > ref_size - 1)
-		die("replace ref name too long: %.*s...", 50, ref);
-	if (check_refname_format(ref, 0))
-		die("'%s' is not a valid ref name.", ref);
-
-	if (read_ref(ref, prev))
-		hashclr(prev);
+	strbuf_reset(ref);
+	strbuf_addf(ref, "%s%s", git_replace_ref_base, oid_to_hex(object));
+	if (check_refname_format(ref->buf, 0))
+		return error(_("'%s' is not a valid ref name"), ref->buf);
+
+	if (read_ref(ref->buf, prev))
+		oidclr(prev);
 	else if (!force)
-		die("replace ref '%s' already exists", ref);
+		return error(_("replace ref '%s' already exists"), ref->buf);
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static int replace_object_sha1(const char *object_ref,
-			       unsigned char object[20],
+static int replace_object_oid(const char *object_ref,
+			       struct object_id *object,
 			       const char *replace_ref,
-			       unsigned char repl[20],
+			       struct object_id *repl,
 			       int force)
 {
-	unsigned char prev[20];
+	struct object_id prev;
 	enum object_type obj_type, repl_type;
-	char ref[PATH_MAX];
+	struct strbuf ref = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct ref_transaction *transaction;
 	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int res = 0;
 
-	obj_type = sha1_object_info(object, NULL);
-	repl_type = sha1_object_info(repl, NULL);
+	obj_type = oid_object_info(the_repository, object, NULL);
+	repl_type = oid_object_info(the_repository, repl, NULL);
 	if (!force && obj_type != repl_type)
-		die("Objects must be of the same type.\n"
-		    "'%s' points to a replaced object of type '%s'\n"
-		    "while '%s' points to a replacement object of type '%s'.",
-		    object_ref, typename(obj_type),
-		    replace_ref, typename(repl_type));
-
-	check_ref_valid(object, prev, ref, sizeof(ref), force);
+		return error(_("Objects must be of the same type.\n"
+			       "'%s' points to a replaced object of type '%s'\n"
+			       "while '%s' points to a replacement object of "
+			       "type '%s'."),
+			     object_ref, type_name(obj_type),
+			     replace_ref, type_name(repl_type));
+
+	if (check_ref_valid(object, &prev, &ref, force)) {
+		strbuf_release(&ref);
+		return -1;
+	}
 
 	transaction = ref_transaction_begin(&err);
 	if (!transaction ||
-	    ref_transaction_update(transaction, ref, repl, prev,
+	    ref_transaction_update(transaction, ref.buf, repl, &prev,
 				   0, NULL, &err) ||
 	    ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err))
-		die("%s", err.buf);
+		res = error("%s", err.buf);
 
 	ref_transaction_free(transaction);
-	return 0;
+	strbuf_release(&ref);
+	return res;
 }
 
 static int replace_object(const char *object_ref, const char *replace_ref, int force)
 {
-	unsigned char object[20], repl[20];
+	struct object_id object, repl;
 
-	if (get_sha1(object_ref, object))
-		die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", object_ref);
-	if (get_sha1(replace_ref, repl))
-		die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", replace_ref);
+	if (get_oid(object_ref, &object))
+		return error(_("failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref"),
+			     object_ref);
+	if (get_oid(replace_ref, &repl))
+		return error(_("failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref"),
+			     replace_ref);
 
-	return replace_object_sha1(object_ref, object, replace_ref, repl, force);
+	return replace_object_oid(object_ref, &object, replace_ref, &repl, force);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -197,7 +214,7 @@ static int replace_object(const char *object_ref, const char *replace_ref, int f
  * If "raw" is true, then the object's raw contents are printed according to
  * "type". Otherwise, we pretty-print the contents for human editing.
  */
-static void export_object(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type type,
+static int export_object(const struct object_id *oid, enum object_type type,
 			  int raw, const char *filename)
 {
 	struct child_process cmd = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
@@ -205,20 +222,21 @@ static void export_object(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type type,
 
 	fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno("unable to open %s for writing", filename);
+		return error_errno(_("unable to open %s for writing"), filename);
 
 	argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--no-replace-objects");
 	argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "cat-file");
 	if (raw)
-		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, typename(type));
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, type_name(type));
 	else
 		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "-p");
-	argv_array_push(&cmd.args, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	argv_array_push(&cmd.args, oid_to_hex(oid));
 	cmd.git_cmd = 1;
 	cmd.out = fd;
 
 	if (run_command(&cmd))
-		die("cat-file reported failure");
+		return error(_("cat-file reported failure"));
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -226,14 +244,14 @@ static void export_object(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type type,
  * interpreting it as "type", and writing the result to the object database.
  * The sha1 of the written object is returned via sha1.
  */
-static void import_object(unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type type,
+static int import_object(struct object_id *oid, enum object_type type,
 			  int raw, const char *filename)
 {
 	int fd;
 
 	fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno("unable to open %s for reading", filename);
+		return error_errno(_("unable to open %s for reading"), filename);
 
 	if (!raw && type == OBJ_TREE) {
 		const char *argv[] = { "mktree", NULL };
@@ -245,27 +263,40 @@ static void import_object(unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type type,
 		cmd.in = fd;
 		cmd.out = -1;
 
-		if (start_command(&cmd))
-			die("unable to spawn mktree");
+		if (start_command(&cmd)) {
+			close(fd);
+			return error(_("unable to spawn mktree"));
+		}
 
-		if (strbuf_read(&result, cmd.out, 41) < 0)
-			die_errno("unable to read from mktree");
+		if (strbuf_read(&result, cmd.out, 41) < 0) {
+			error_errno(_("unable to read from mktree"));
+			close(fd);
+			close(cmd.out);
+			return -1;
+		}
 		close(cmd.out);
 
-		if (finish_command(&cmd))
-			die("mktree reported failure");
-		if (get_sha1_hex(result.buf, sha1) < 0)
-			die("mktree did not return an object name");
+		if (finish_command(&cmd)) {
+			strbuf_release(&result);
+			return error(_("mktree reported failure"));
+		}
+		if (get_oid_hex(result.buf, oid) < 0) {
+			strbuf_release(&result);
+			return error(_("mktree did not return an object name"));
+		}
 
 		strbuf_release(&result);
 	} else {
 		struct stat st;
 		int flags = HASH_FORMAT_CHECK | HASH_WRITE_OBJECT;
 
-		if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0)
-			die_errno("unable to fstat %s", filename);
-		if (index_fd(sha1, fd, &st, type, NULL, flags) < 0)
-			die("unable to write object to database");
+		if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0) {
+			error_errno(_("unable to fstat %s"), filename);
+			close(fd);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		if (index_fd(oid, fd, &st, type, NULL, flags) < 0)
+			return error(_("unable to write object to database"));
 		/* index_fd close()s fd for us */
 	}
 
@@ -273,38 +304,52 @@ static void import_object(unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type type,
 	 * No need to close(fd) here; both run-command and index-fd
 	 * will have done it for us.
 	 */
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int edit_and_replace(const char *object_ref, int force, int raw)
 {
-	char *tmpfile = git_pathdup("REPLACE_EDITOBJ");
+	char *tmpfile;
 	enum object_type type;
-	unsigned char old[20], new[20], prev[20];
-	char ref[PATH_MAX];
+	struct object_id old_oid, new_oid, prev;
+	struct strbuf ref = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	if (get_sha1(object_ref, old) < 0)
-		die("Not a valid object name: '%s'", object_ref);
+	if (get_oid(object_ref, &old_oid) < 0)
+		return error(_("not a valid object name: '%s'"), object_ref);
 
-	type = sha1_object_info(old, NULL);
+	type = oid_object_info(the_repository, &old_oid, NULL);
 	if (type < 0)
-		die("unable to get object type for %s", sha1_to_hex(old));
-
-	check_ref_valid(old, prev, ref, sizeof(ref), force);
+		return error(_("unable to get object type for %s"),
+			     oid_to_hex(&old_oid));
 
-	export_object(old, type, raw, tmpfile);
-	if (launch_editor(tmpfile, NULL, NULL) < 0)
-		die("editing object file failed");
-	import_object(new, type, raw, tmpfile);
+	if (check_ref_valid(&old_oid, &prev, &ref, force)) {
+		strbuf_release(&ref);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&ref);
 
+	tmpfile = git_pathdup("REPLACE_EDITOBJ");
+	if (export_object(&old_oid, type, raw, tmpfile)) {
+		free(tmpfile);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (launch_editor(tmpfile, NULL, NULL) < 0) {
+		free(tmpfile);
+		return error(_("editing object file failed"));
+	}
+	if (import_object(&new_oid, type, raw, tmpfile)) {
+		free(tmpfile);
+		return -1;
+	}
 	free(tmpfile);
 
-	if (!hashcmp(old, new))
-		return error("new object is the same as the old one: '%s'", sha1_to_hex(old));
+	if (!oidcmp(&old_oid, &new_oid))
+		return error(_("new object is the same as the old one: '%s'"), oid_to_hex(&old_oid));
 
-	return replace_object_sha1(object_ref, old, "replacement", new, force);
+	return replace_object_oid(object_ref, &old_oid, "replacement", &new_oid, force);
 }
 
-static void replace_parents(struct strbuf *buf, int argc, const char **argv)
+static int replace_parents(struct strbuf *buf, int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	struct strbuf new_parents = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *parent_start, *parent_end;
@@ -312,7 +357,7 @@ static void replace_parents(struct strbuf *buf, int argc, const char **argv)
 
 	/* find existing parents */
 	parent_start = buf->buf;
-	parent_start += 46; /* "tree " + "hex sha1" + "\n" */
+	parent_start += GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 6; /* "tree " + "hex sha1" + "\n" */
 	parent_end = parent_start;
 
 	while (starts_with(parent_end, "parent "))
@@ -320,11 +365,17 @@ static void replace_parents(struct strbuf *buf, int argc, const char **argv)
 
 	/* prepare new parents */
 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		if (get_sha1(argv[i], sha1) < 0)
-			die(_("Not a valid object name: '%s'"), argv[i]);
-		lookup_commit_or_die(sha1, argv[i]);
-		strbuf_addf(&new_parents, "parent %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		struct object_id oid;
+		if (get_oid(argv[i], &oid) < 0) {
+			strbuf_release(&new_parents);
+			return error(_("not a valid object name: '%s'"),
+				     argv[i]);
+		}
+		if (!lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &oid)) {
+			strbuf_release(&new_parents);
+			return error(_("could not parse %s"), argv[i]);
+		}
+		strbuf_addf(&new_parents, "parent %s\n", oid_to_hex(&oid));
 	}
 
 	/* replace existing parents with new ones */
@@ -332,6 +383,7 @@ static void replace_parents(struct strbuf *buf, int argc, const char **argv)
 		      new_parents.buf, new_parents.len);
 
 	strbuf_release(&new_parents);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 struct check_mergetag_data {
@@ -339,80 +391,130 @@ struct check_mergetag_data {
 	const char **argv;
 };
 
-static void check_one_mergetag(struct commit *commit,
+static int check_one_mergetag(struct commit *commit,
 			       struct commit_extra_header *extra,
 			       void *data)
 {
 	struct check_mergetag_data *mergetag_data = (struct check_mergetag_data *)data;
 	const char *ref = mergetag_data->argv[0];
-	unsigned char tag_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id tag_oid;
 	struct tag *tag;
 	int i;
 
-	hash_sha1_file(extra->value, extra->len, typename(OBJ_TAG), tag_sha1);
-	tag = lookup_tag(tag_sha1);
+	hash_object_file(extra->value, extra->len, type_name(OBJ_TAG), &tag_oid);
+	tag = lookup_tag(the_repository, &tag_oid);
 	if (!tag)
-		die(_("bad mergetag in commit '%s'"), ref);
-	if (parse_tag_buffer(tag, extra->value, extra->len))
-		die(_("malformed mergetag in commit '%s'"), ref);
+		return error(_("bad mergetag in commit '%s'"), ref);
+	if (parse_tag_buffer(the_repository, tag, extra->value, extra->len))
+		return error(_("malformed mergetag in commit '%s'"), ref);
 
 	/* iterate over new parents */
 	for (i = 1; i < mergetag_data->argc; i++) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		if (get_sha1(mergetag_data->argv[i], sha1) < 0)
-			die(_("Not a valid object name: '%s'"), mergetag_data->argv[i]);
-		if (!hashcmp(tag->tagged->sha1, sha1))
-			return; /* found */
+		struct object_id oid;
+		if (get_oid(mergetag_data->argv[i], &oid) < 0)
+			return error(_("not a valid object name: '%s'"),
+				     mergetag_data->argv[i]);
+		if (!oidcmp(&tag->tagged->oid, &oid))
+			return 0; /* found */
 	}
 
-	die(_("original commit '%s' contains mergetag '%s' that is discarded; "
-	      "use --edit instead of --graft"), ref, sha1_to_hex(tag_sha1));
+	return error(_("original commit '%s' contains mergetag '%s' that is "
+		       "discarded; use --edit instead of --graft"), ref,
+		     oid_to_hex(&tag_oid));
 }
 
-static void check_mergetags(struct commit *commit, int argc, const char **argv)
+static int check_mergetags(struct commit *commit, int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	struct check_mergetag_data mergetag_data;
 
 	mergetag_data.argc = argc;
 	mergetag_data.argv = argv;
-	for_each_mergetag(check_one_mergetag, commit, &mergetag_data);
+	return for_each_mergetag(check_one_mergetag, commit, &mergetag_data);
 }
 
-static int create_graft(int argc, const char **argv, int force)
+static int create_graft(int argc, const char **argv, int force, int gentle)
 {
-	unsigned char old[20], new[20];
+	struct object_id old_oid, new_oid;
 	const char *old_ref = argv[0];
 	struct commit *commit;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *buffer;
 	unsigned long size;
 
-	if (get_sha1(old_ref, old) < 0)
-		die(_("Not a valid object name: '%s'"), old_ref);
-	commit = lookup_commit_or_die(old, old_ref);
+	if (get_oid(old_ref, &old_oid) < 0)
+		return error(_("not a valid object name: '%s'"), old_ref);
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &old_oid);
+	if (!commit)
+		return error(_("could not parse %s"), old_ref);
 
 	buffer = get_commit_buffer(commit, &size);
 	strbuf_add(&buf, buffer, size);
 	unuse_commit_buffer(commit, buffer);
 
-	replace_parents(&buf, argc - 1, &argv[1]);
+	if (replace_parents(&buf, argc - 1, &argv[1]) < 0) {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		return -1;
+	}
 
 	if (remove_signature(&buf)) {
-		warning(_("the original commit '%s' has a gpg signature."), old_ref);
+		warning(_("the original commit '%s' has a gpg signature"), old_ref);
 		warning(_("the signature will be removed in the replacement commit!"));
 	}
 
-	check_mergetags(commit, argc, argv);
+	if (check_mergetags(commit, argc, argv)) {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		return -1;
+	}
 
-	if (write_sha1_file(buf.buf, buf.len, commit_type, new))
-		die(_("could not write replacement commit for: '%s'"), old_ref);
+	if (write_object_file(buf.buf, buf.len, commit_type, &new_oid)) {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		return error(_("could not write replacement commit for: '%s'"),
+			     old_ref);
+	}
 
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 
-	if (!hashcmp(old, new))
-		return error("new commit is the same as the old one: '%s'", sha1_to_hex(old));
+	if (!oidcmp(&old_oid, &new_oid)) {
+		if (gentle) {
+			warning(_("graft for '%s' unnecessary"), oid_to_hex(&old_oid));
+			return 0;
+		}
+		return error(_("new commit is the same as the old one: '%s'"), oid_to_hex(&old_oid));
+	}
 
-	return replace_object_sha1(old_ref, old, "replacement", new, force);
+	return replace_object_oid(old_ref, &old_oid, "replacement", &new_oid, force);
+}
+
+static int convert_graft_file(int force)
+{
+	const char *graft_file = get_graft_file(the_repository);
+	FILE *fp = fopen_or_warn(graft_file, "r");
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct argv_array args = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+
+	if (!fp)
+		return -1;
+
+	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, fp) != EOF) {
+		if (*buf.buf == '#')
+			continue;
+
+		argv_array_split(&args, buf.buf);
+		if (args.argc && create_graft(args.argc, args.argv, force, 1))
+			strbuf_addf(&err, "\n\t%s", buf.buf);
+		argv_array_clear(&args);
+	}
+	fclose(fp);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	if (!err.len)
+		return unlink_or_warn(graft_file);
+
+	warning(_("could not convert the following graft(s):\n%s"), err.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&err);
+
+	return -1;
 }
 
 int cmd_replace(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
@@ -426,6 +528,7 @@ int cmd_replace(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		MODE_DELETE,
 		MODE_EDIT,
 		MODE_GRAFT,
+		MODE_CONVERT_GRAFT_FILE,
 		MODE_REPLACE
 	} cmdmode = MODE_UNSPECIFIED;
 	struct option options[] = {
@@ -433,13 +536,16 @@ int cmd_replace(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_CMDMODE('d', "delete", &cmdmode, N_("delete replace refs"), MODE_DELETE),
 		OPT_CMDMODE('e', "edit", &cmdmode, N_("edit existing object"), MODE_EDIT),
 		OPT_CMDMODE('g', "graft", &cmdmode, N_("change a commit's parents"), MODE_GRAFT),
-		OPT_BOOL('f', "force", &force, N_("replace the ref if it exists")),
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "convert-graft-file", &cmdmode, N_("convert existing graft file"), MODE_CONVERT_GRAFT_FILE),
+		OPT_BOOL_F('f', "force", &force, N_("replace the ref if it exists"),
+			   PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "raw", &raw, N_("do not pretty-print contents for --edit")),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "format", &format, N_("format"), N_("use this format")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
-	check_replace_refs = 0;
+	read_replace_refs = 0;
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, git_replace_usage, 0);
 
@@ -447,52 +553,59 @@ int cmd_replace(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		cmdmode = argc ? MODE_REPLACE : MODE_LIST;
 
 	if (format && cmdmode != MODE_LIST)
-		usage_msg_opt("--format cannot be used when not listing",
+		usage_msg_opt(_("--format cannot be used when not listing"),
 			      git_replace_usage, options);
 
 	if (force &&
 	    cmdmode != MODE_REPLACE &&
 	    cmdmode != MODE_EDIT &&
-	    cmdmode != MODE_GRAFT)
-		usage_msg_opt("-f only makes sense when writing a replacement",
+	    cmdmode != MODE_GRAFT &&
+	    cmdmode != MODE_CONVERT_GRAFT_FILE)
+		usage_msg_opt(_("-f only makes sense when writing a replacement"),
 			      git_replace_usage, options);
 
 	if (raw && cmdmode != MODE_EDIT)
-		usage_msg_opt("--raw only makes sense with --edit",
+		usage_msg_opt(_("--raw only makes sense with --edit"),
 			      git_replace_usage, options);
 
 	switch (cmdmode) {
 	case MODE_DELETE:
 		if (argc < 1)
-			usage_msg_opt("-d needs at least one argument",
+			usage_msg_opt(_("-d needs at least one argument"),
 				      git_replace_usage, options);
 		return for_each_replace_name(argv, delete_replace_ref);
 
 	case MODE_REPLACE:
 		if (argc != 2)
-			usage_msg_opt("bad number of arguments",
+			usage_msg_opt(_("bad number of arguments"),
 				      git_replace_usage, options);
 		return replace_object(argv[0], argv[1], force);
 
 	case MODE_EDIT:
 		if (argc != 1)
-			usage_msg_opt("-e needs exactly one argument",
+			usage_msg_opt(_("-e needs exactly one argument"),
 				      git_replace_usage, options);
 		return edit_and_replace(argv[0], force, raw);
 
 	case MODE_GRAFT:
 		if (argc < 1)
-			usage_msg_opt("-g needs at least one argument",
+			usage_msg_opt(_("-g needs at least one argument"),
+				      git_replace_usage, options);
+		return create_graft(argc, argv, force, 0);
+
+	case MODE_CONVERT_GRAFT_FILE:
+		if (argc != 0)
+			usage_msg_opt(_("--convert-graft-file takes no argument"),
 				      git_replace_usage, options);
-		return create_graft(argc, argv, force);
+		return !!convert_graft_file(force);
 
 	case MODE_LIST:
 		if (argc > 1)
-			usage_msg_opt("only one pattern can be given with -l",
+			usage_msg_opt(_("only one pattern can be given with -l"),
 				      git_replace_usage, options);
 		return list_replace_refs(argv[0], format);
 
 	default:
-		die("BUG: invalid cmdmode %d", (int)cmdmode);
+		BUG("invalid cmdmode %d", (int)cmdmode);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/builtin/rerere.c b/builtin/rerere.c
index 7afadd2ead..0bc40298c2 100644
--- a/builtin/rerere.c
+++ b/builtin/rerere.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ static int outf(void *dummy, mmbuffer_t *ptr, int nbuf)
 {
 	int i;
 	for (i = 0; i < nbuf; i++)
-		if (write_in_full(1, ptr[i].ptr, ptr[i].size) != ptr[i].size)
+		if (write_in_full(1, ptr[i].ptr, ptr[i].size) < 0)
 			return -1;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -29,9 +30,10 @@ static int diff_two(const char *file1, const char *label1,
 	xdemitconf_t xecfg;
 	xdemitcb_t ecb;
 	mmfile_t minus, plus;
+	int ret;
 
 	if (read_mmfile(&minus, file1) || read_mmfile(&plus, file2))
-		return 1;
+		return -1;
 
 	printf("--- a/%s\n+++ b/%s\n", label1, label2);
 	fflush(stdout);
@@ -40,17 +42,17 @@ static int diff_two(const char *file1, const char *label1,
 	memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
 	xecfg.ctxlen = 3;
 	ecb.outf = outf;
-	xdi_diff(&minus, &plus, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
+	ret = xdi_diff(&minus, &plus, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
 
 	free(minus.ptr);
 	free(plus.ptr);
-	return 0;
+	return ret;
 }
 
 int cmd_rerere(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct string_list merge_rr = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
-	int i, fd, autoupdate = -1, flags = 0;
+	int i, autoupdate = -1, flags = 0;
 
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "rerere-autoupdate", &autoupdate,
@@ -79,18 +81,16 @@ int cmd_rerere(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		return rerere_forget(&pathspec);
 	}
 
-	fd = setup_rerere(&merge_rr, flags);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		return 0;
-
 	if (!strcmp(argv[0], "clear")) {
 		rerere_clear(&merge_rr);
 	} else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "gc"))
 		rerere_gc(&merge_rr);
-	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "status"))
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "status")) {
+		if (setup_rerere(&merge_rr, flags | RERERE_READONLY) < 0)
+			return 0;
 		for (i = 0; i < merge_rr.nr; i++)
 			printf("%s\n", merge_rr.items[i].string);
-	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "remaining")) {
+	} else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "remaining")) {
 		rerere_remaining(&merge_rr);
 		for (i = 0; i < merge_rr.nr; i++) {
 			if (merge_rr.items[i].util != RERERE_RESOLVED)
@@ -100,13 +100,16 @@ int cmd_rerere(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				 * string_list_clear() */
 				merge_rr.items[i].util = NULL;
 		}
-	} else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "diff"))
+	} else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "diff")) {
+		if (setup_rerere(&merge_rr, flags | RERERE_READONLY) < 0)
+			return 0;
 		for (i = 0; i < merge_rr.nr; i++) {
 			const char *path = merge_rr.items[i].string;
-			const char *name = (const char *)merge_rr.items[i].util;
-			diff_two(rerere_path(name, "preimage"), path, path, path);
+			const struct rerere_id *id = merge_rr.items[i].util;
+			if (diff_two(rerere_path(id, "preimage"), path, path, path))
+				die("unable to generate diff for %s", rerere_path(id, NULL));
 		}
-	else
+	} else
 		usage_with_options(rerere_usage, options);
 
 	string_list_clear(&merge_rr, 1);
diff --git a/builtin/reset.c b/builtin/reset.c
index 4c08ddc1ca..11cd0dcb8c 100644
--- a/builtin/reset.c
+++ b/builtin/reset.c
@@ -8,10 +8,11 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2006 Linus Torvalds and Junio C Hamano
  */
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "object.h"
-#include "commit.h"
+#include "pretty.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "diff.h"
@@ -21,10 +22,12 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "unpack-trees.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
 
 static const char * const git_reset_usage[] = {
 	N_("git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"),
-	N_("git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <paths>..."),
+	N_("git reset [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>..."),
 	N_("git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"),
 	NULL
 };
@@ -36,15 +39,16 @@ static const char *reset_type_names[] = {
 
 static inline int is_merge(void)
 {
-	return !access(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), F_OK);
+	return !access(git_path_merge_head(the_repository), F_OK);
 }
 
-static int reset_index(const unsigned char *sha1, int reset_type, int quiet)
+static int reset_index(const struct object_id *oid, int reset_type, int quiet)
 {
-	int nr = 1;
+	int i, nr = 0;
 	struct tree_desc desc[2];
 	struct tree *tree;
 	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
+	int ret = -1;
 
 	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 	opts.head_idx = 1;
@@ -69,48 +73,49 @@ static int reset_index(const unsigned char *sha1, int reset_type, int quiet)
 	read_cache_unmerged();
 
 	if (reset_type == KEEP) {
-		unsigned char head_sha1[20];
-		if (get_sha1("HEAD", head_sha1))
+		struct object_id head_oid;
+		if (get_oid("HEAD", &head_oid))
 			return error(_("You do not have a valid HEAD."));
-		if (!fill_tree_descriptor(desc, head_sha1))
+		if (!fill_tree_descriptor(desc + nr, &head_oid))
 			return error(_("Failed to find tree of HEAD."));
 		nr++;
 		opts.fn = twoway_merge;
 	}
 
-	if (!fill_tree_descriptor(desc + nr - 1, sha1))
-		return error(_("Failed to find tree of %s."), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	if (!fill_tree_descriptor(desc + nr, oid)) {
+		error(_("Failed to find tree of %s."), oid_to_hex(oid));
+		goto out;
+	}
+	nr++;
+
 	if (unpack_trees(nr, desc, &opts))
-		return -1;
+		goto out;
 
 	if (reset_type == MIXED || reset_type == HARD) {
-		tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
+		tree = parse_tree_indirect(oid);
 		prime_cache_tree(&the_index, tree);
 	}
 
-	return 0;
+	ret = 0;
+
+out:
+	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++)
+		free((void *)desc[i].buffer);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static void print_new_head_line(struct commit *commit)
 {
-	const char *hex, *body;
-	const char *msg;
-
-	hex = find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
-	printf(_("HEAD is now at %s"), hex);
-	msg = logmsg_reencode(commit, NULL, get_log_output_encoding());
-	body = strstr(msg, "\n\n");
-	if (body) {
-		const char *eol;
-		size_t len;
-		body += 2;
-		eol = strchr(body, '\n');
-		len = eol ? eol - body : strlen(body);
-		printf(" %.*s\n", (int) len, body);
-	}
-	else
-		printf("\n");
-	unuse_commit_buffer(commit, msg);
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	printf(_("HEAD is now at %s"),
+		find_unique_abbrev(&commit->object.oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+
+	pp_commit_easy(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit, &buf);
+	if (buf.len > 0)
+		printf(" %s", buf.buf);
+	putchar('\n');
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
 static void update_index_from_diff(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
@@ -121,7 +126,7 @@ static void update_index_from_diff(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 
 	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
 		struct diff_filespec *one = q->queue[i]->one;
-		int is_missing = !(one->mode && !is_null_sha1(one->sha1));
+		int is_missing = !(one->mode && !is_null_oid(&one->oid));
 		struct cache_entry *ce;
 
 		if (is_missing && !intent_to_add) {
@@ -129,7 +134,7 @@ static void update_index_from_diff(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		ce = make_cache_entry(one->mode, one->sha1, one->path,
+		ce = make_cache_entry(&the_index, one->mode, &one->oid, one->path,
 				      0, 0);
 		if (!ce)
 			die(_("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"),
@@ -143,7 +148,7 @@ static void update_index_from_diff(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 }
 
 static int read_from_tree(const struct pathspec *pathspec,
-			  unsigned char *tree_sha1,
+			  struct object_id *tree_oid,
 			  int intent_to_add)
 {
 	struct diff_options opt;
@@ -153,12 +158,13 @@ static int read_from_tree(const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 	opt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
 	opt.format_callback = update_index_from_diff;
 	opt.format_callback_data = &intent_to_add;
+	opt.flags.override_submodule_config = 1;
 
-	if (do_diff_cache(tree_sha1, &opt))
+	if (do_diff_cache(tree_oid, &opt))
 		return 1;
 	diffcore_std(&opt);
 	diff_flush(&opt);
-	free_pathspec(&opt.pathspec);
+	clear_pathspec(&opt.pathspec);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -191,7 +197,7 @@ static void parse_args(struct pathspec *pathspec,
 		       const char **rev_ret)
 {
 	const char *rev = "HEAD";
-	unsigned char unused[20];
+	struct object_id unused;
 	/*
 	 * Possible arguments are:
 	 *
@@ -216,8 +222,8 @@ static void parse_args(struct pathspec *pathspec,
 		 * has to be unambiguous. If there is a single argument, it
 		 * can not be a tree
 		 */
-		else if ((!argv[1] && !get_sha1_committish(argv[0], unused)) ||
-			 (argv[1] && !get_sha1_treeish(argv[0], unused))) {
+		else if ((!argv[1] && !get_oid_committish(argv[0], &unused)) ||
+			 (argv[1] && !get_oid_treeish(argv[0], &unused))) {
 			/*
 			 * Ok, argv[0] looks like a commit/tree; it should not
 			 * be a filename.
@@ -236,40 +242,47 @@ static void parse_args(struct pathspec *pathspec,
 
 	parse_pathspec(pathspec, 0,
 		       PATHSPEC_PREFER_FULL |
-		       PATHSPEC_STRIP_SUBMODULE_SLASH_CHEAP |
 		       (patch_mode ? PATHSPEC_PREFIX_ORIGIN : 0),
 		       prefix, argv);
 }
 
-static int reset_refs(const char *rev, const unsigned char *sha1)
+static int reset_refs(const char *rev, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	int update_ref_status;
 	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
-	unsigned char *orig = NULL, sha1_orig[20],
-		*old_orig = NULL, sha1_old_orig[20];
+	struct object_id *orig = NULL, oid_orig,
+		*old_orig = NULL, oid_old_orig;
 
-	if (!get_sha1("ORIG_HEAD", sha1_old_orig))
-		old_orig = sha1_old_orig;
-	if (!get_sha1("HEAD", sha1_orig)) {
-		orig = sha1_orig;
+	if (!get_oid("ORIG_HEAD", &oid_old_orig))
+		old_orig = &oid_old_orig;
+	if (!get_oid("HEAD", &oid_orig)) {
+		orig = &oid_orig;
 		set_reflog_message(&msg, "updating ORIG_HEAD", NULL);
 		update_ref(msg.buf, "ORIG_HEAD", orig, old_orig, 0,
 			   UPDATE_REFS_MSG_ON_ERR);
 	} else if (old_orig)
-		delete_ref("ORIG_HEAD", old_orig, 0);
+		delete_ref(NULL, "ORIG_HEAD", old_orig, 0);
 	set_reflog_message(&msg, "updating HEAD", rev);
-	update_ref_status = update_ref(msg.buf, "HEAD", sha1, orig, 0,
+	update_ref_status = update_ref(msg.buf, "HEAD", oid, orig, 0,
 				       UPDATE_REFS_MSG_ON_ERR);
 	strbuf_release(&msg);
 	return update_ref_status;
 }
 
+static int git_reset_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "submodule.recurse"))
+		return git_default_submodule_config(var, value, cb);
+
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+}
+
 int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int reset_type = NONE, update_ref_status = 0, quiet = 0;
 	int patch_mode = 0, unborn;
 	const char *rev;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct pathspec pathspec;
 	int intent_to_add = 0;
 	const struct option options[] = {
@@ -283,38 +296,41 @@ int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				N_("reset HEAD, index and working tree"), MERGE),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "keep", &reset_type,
 				N_("reset HEAD but keep local changes"), KEEP),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "recurse-submodules", NULL,
+			    "reset", "control recursive updating of submodules",
+			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, option_parse_recurse_submodules_worktree_updater },
 		OPT_BOOL('p', "patch", &patch_mode, N_("select hunks interactively")),
 		OPT_BOOL('N', "intent-to-add", &intent_to_add,
 				N_("record only the fact that removed paths will be added later")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
-	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	git_config(git_reset_config, NULL);
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, git_reset_usage,
 						PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
 	parse_args(&pathspec, argv, prefix, patch_mode, &rev);
 
-	unborn = !strcmp(rev, "HEAD") && get_sha1("HEAD", sha1);
+	unborn = !strcmp(rev, "HEAD") && get_oid("HEAD", &oid);
 	if (unborn) {
 		/* reset on unborn branch: treat as reset to empty tree */
-		hashcpy(sha1, EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
+		oidcpy(&oid, the_hash_algo->empty_tree);
 	} else if (!pathspec.nr) {
 		struct commit *commit;
-		if (get_sha1_committish(rev, sha1))
+		if (get_oid_committish(rev, &oid))
 			die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."), rev);
-		commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &oid);
 		if (!commit)
 			die(_("Could not parse object '%s'."), rev);
-		hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
+		oidcpy(&oid, &commit->object.oid);
 	} else {
 		struct tree *tree;
-		if (get_sha1_treeish(rev, sha1))
+		if (get_oid_treeish(rev, &oid))
 			die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."), rev);
-		tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
+		tree = parse_tree_indirect(&oid);
 		if (!tree)
 			die(_("Could not parse object '%s'."), rev);
-		hashcpy(sha1, tree->object.sha1);
+		oidcpy(&oid, &tree->object.oid);
 	}
 
 	if (patch_mode) {
@@ -353,34 +369,34 @@ int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		die_if_unmerged_cache(reset_type);
 
 	if (reset_type != SOFT) {
-		struct lock_file *lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*lock));
-		hold_locked_index(lock, 1);
+		struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
+		hold_locked_index(&lock, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 		if (reset_type == MIXED) {
 			int flags = quiet ? REFRESH_QUIET : REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN;
-			if (read_from_tree(&pathspec, sha1, intent_to_add))
+			if (read_from_tree(&pathspec, &oid, intent_to_add))
 				return 1;
 			if (get_git_work_tree())
 				refresh_index(&the_index, flags, NULL, NULL,
 					      _("Unstaged changes after reset:"));
 		} else {
-			int err = reset_index(sha1, reset_type, quiet);
+			int err = reset_index(&oid, reset_type, quiet);
 			if (reset_type == KEEP && !err)
-				err = reset_index(sha1, MIXED, quiet);
+				err = reset_index(&oid, MIXED, quiet);
 			if (err)
 				die(_("Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."), rev);
 		}
 
-		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, lock, COMMIT_LOCK))
+		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock, COMMIT_LOCK))
 			die(_("Could not write new index file."));
 	}
 
 	if (!pathspec.nr && !unborn) {
 		/* Any resets without paths update HEAD to the head being
 		 * switched to, saving the previous head in ORIG_HEAD before. */
-		update_ref_status = reset_refs(rev, sha1);
+		update_ref_status = reset_refs(rev, &oid);
 
 		if (reset_type == HARD && !update_ref_status && !quiet)
-			print_new_head_line(lookup_commit_reference(sha1));
+			print_new_head_line(lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &oid));
 	}
 	if (!pathspec.nr)
 		remove_branch_state();
diff --git a/builtin/rev-list.c b/builtin/rev-list.c
index ff84a825ff..5b07f3f4a2 100644
--- a/builtin/rev-list.c
+++ b/builtin/rev-list.c
@@ -1,14 +1,23 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "list-objects.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "pack-bitmap.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "log-tree.h"
 #include "graph.h"
 #include "bisect.h"
+#include "progress.h"
+#include "reflog-walk.h"
+#include "oidset.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 static const char rev_list_usage[] =
 "git rev-list [OPTION] <commit-id>... [ -- paths... ]\n"
@@ -42,18 +51,39 @@ static const char rev_list_usage[] =
 "    --abbrev=<n> | --no-abbrev\n"
 "    --abbrev-commit\n"
 "    --left-right\n"
+"    --count\n"
 "  special purpose:\n"
 "    --bisect\n"
 "    --bisect-vars\n"
 "    --bisect-all"
 ;
 
+static struct progress *progress;
+static unsigned progress_counter;
+
+static struct list_objects_filter_options filter_options;
+static struct oidset omitted_objects;
+static int arg_print_omitted; /* print objects omitted by filter */
+
+static struct oidset missing_objects;
+enum missing_action {
+	MA_ERROR = 0,    /* fail if any missing objects are encountered */
+	MA_ALLOW_ANY,    /* silently allow ALL missing objects */
+	MA_PRINT,        /* print ALL missing objects in special section */
+	MA_ALLOW_PROMISOR, /* silently allow all missing PROMISOR objects */
+};
+static enum missing_action arg_missing_action;
+
+#define DEFAULT_OIDSET_SIZE     (16*1024)
+
 static void finish_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data);
 static void show_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 {
 	struct rev_list_info *info = data;
 	struct rev_info *revs = info->revs;
 
+	display_progress(progress, ++progress_counter);
+
 	if (info->flags & REV_LIST_QUIET) {
 		finish_commit(commit, data);
 		return;
@@ -73,21 +103,21 @@ static void show_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 	}
 
 	if (info->show_timestamp)
-		printf("%lu ", commit->date);
+		printf("%"PRItime" ", commit->date);
 	if (info->header_prefix)
 		fputs(info->header_prefix, stdout);
 
 	if (!revs->graph)
 		fputs(get_revision_mark(revs, commit), stdout);
 	if (revs->abbrev_commit && revs->abbrev)
-		fputs(find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, revs->abbrev),
+		fputs(find_unique_abbrev(&commit->object.oid, revs->abbrev),
 		      stdout);
 	else
-		fputs(sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1), stdout);
+		fputs(oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid), stdout);
 	if (revs->print_parents) {
 		struct commit_list *parents = commit->parents;
 		while (parents) {
-			printf(" %s", sha1_to_hex(parents->item->object.sha1));
+			printf(" %s", oid_to_hex(&parents->item->object.oid));
 			parents = parents->next;
 		}
 	}
@@ -96,7 +126,7 @@ static void show_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 
 		children = lookup_decoration(&revs->children, &commit->object);
 		while (children) {
-			printf(" %s", sha1_to_hex(children->item->object.sha1));
+			printf(" %s", oid_to_hex(&children->item->object.oid));
 			children = children->next;
 		}
 	}
@@ -106,7 +136,7 @@ static void show_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 	else
 		putchar('\n');
 
-	if (revs->verbose_header && get_cached_commit_buffer(commit, NULL)) {
+	if (revs->verbose_header) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 		ctx.abbrev = revs->abbrev;
@@ -114,49 +144,42 @@ static void show_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 		ctx.date_mode_explicit = revs->date_mode_explicit;
 		ctx.fmt = revs->commit_format;
 		ctx.output_encoding = get_log_output_encoding();
+		ctx.color = revs->diffopt.use_color;
 		pretty_print_commit(&ctx, commit, &buf);
-		if (revs->graph) {
-			if (buf.len) {
-				if (revs->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
-					graph_show_oneline(revs->graph);
-
-				graph_show_commit_msg(revs->graph, &buf);
-
-				/*
-				 * Add a newline after the commit message.
-				 *
-				 * Usually, this newline produces a blank
-				 * padding line between entries, in which case
-				 * we need to add graph padding on this line.
-				 *
-				 * However, the commit message may not end in a
-				 * newline.  In this case the newline simply
-				 * ends the last line of the commit message,
-				 * and we don't need any graph output.  (This
-				 * always happens with CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, and it
-				 * happens with CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT when the
-				 * format doesn't explicitly end in a newline.)
-				 */
-				if (buf.len && buf.buf[buf.len - 1] == '\n')
-					graph_show_padding(revs->graph);
-				putchar('\n');
-			} else {
-				/*
-				 * If the message buffer is empty, just show
-				 * the rest of the graph output for this
-				 * commit.
-				 */
-				if (graph_show_remainder(revs->graph))
-					putchar('\n');
-				if (revs->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
-					putchar('\n');
-			}
+		if (buf.len) {
+			if (revs->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
+				graph_show_oneline(revs->graph);
+
+			graph_show_commit_msg(revs->graph, stdout, &buf);
+
+			/*
+			 * Add a newline after the commit message.
+			 *
+			 * Usually, this newline produces a blank
+			 * padding line between entries, in which case
+			 * we need to add graph padding on this line.
+			 *
+			 * However, the commit message may not end in a
+			 * newline.  In this case the newline simply
+			 * ends the last line of the commit message,
+			 * and we don't need any graph output.  (This
+			 * always happens with CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, and it
+			 * happens with CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT when the
+			 * format doesn't explicitly end in a newline.)
+			 */
+			if (buf.len && buf.buf[buf.len - 1] == '\n')
+				graph_show_padding(revs->graph);
+			putchar(info->hdr_termination);
 		} else {
-			if (revs->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT ||
-			    buf.len) {
-				fwrite(buf.buf, 1, buf.len, stdout);
-				putchar(info->hdr_termination);
-			}
+			/*
+			 * If the message buffer is empty, just show
+			 * the rest of the graph output for this
+			 * commit.
+			 */
+			if (graph_show_remainder(revs->graph))
+				putchar('\n');
+			if (revs->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
+				putchar('\n');
 		}
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	} else {
@@ -176,31 +199,65 @@ static void finish_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 	free_commit_buffer(commit);
 }
 
-static void finish_object(struct object *obj,
-			  const struct name_path *path, const char *name,
-			  void *cb_data)
+static inline void finish_object__ma(struct object *obj)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Whether or not we try to dynamically fetch missing objects
+	 * from the server, we currently DO NOT have the object.  We
+	 * can either print, allow (ignore), or conditionally allow
+	 * (ignore) them.
+	 */
+	switch (arg_missing_action) {
+	case MA_ERROR:
+		die("missing blob object '%s'", oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
+		return;
+
+	case MA_ALLOW_ANY:
+		return;
+
+	case MA_PRINT:
+		oidset_insert(&missing_objects, &obj->oid);
+		return;
+
+	case MA_ALLOW_PROMISOR:
+		if (is_promisor_object(&obj->oid))
+			return;
+		die("unexpected missing blob object '%s'",
+		    oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
+		return;
+
+	default:
+		BUG("unhandled missing_action");
+		return;
+	}
+}
+
+static int finish_object(struct object *obj, const char *name, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct rev_list_info *info = cb_data;
-	if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB && !has_sha1_file(obj->sha1))
-		die("missing blob object '%s'", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB && !has_object_file(&obj->oid)) {
+		finish_object__ma(obj);
+		return 1;
+	}
 	if (info->revs->verify_objects && !obj->parsed && obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
-		parse_object(obj->sha1);
+		parse_object(the_repository, &obj->oid);
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static void show_object(struct object *obj,
-			const struct name_path *path, const char *component,
-			void *cb_data)
+static void show_object(struct object *obj, const char *name, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct rev_list_info *info = cb_data;
-	finish_object(obj, path, component, cb_data);
+	if (finish_object(obj, name, cb_data))
+		return;
+	display_progress(progress, ++progress_counter);
 	if (info->flags & REV_LIST_QUIET)
 		return;
-	show_object_with_name(stdout, obj, path, component);
+	show_object_with_name(stdout, obj, name);
 }
 
 static void show_edge(struct commit *commit)
 {
-	printf("-%s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+	printf("-%s\n", oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 }
 
 static void print_var_str(const char *var, const char *val)
@@ -216,7 +273,7 @@ static void print_var_int(const char *var, int val)
 static int show_bisect_vars(struct rev_list_info *info, int reaches, int all)
 {
 	int cnt, flags = info->flags;
-	char hex[41] = "";
+	char hex[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1] = "";
 	struct commit_list *tried;
 	struct rev_info *revs = info->revs;
 
@@ -241,7 +298,7 @@ static int show_bisect_vars(struct rev_list_info *info, int reaches, int all)
 		cnt = reaches;
 
 	if (revs->commits)
-		strcpy(hex, sha1_to_hex(revs->commits->item->object.sha1));
+		oid_to_hex_r(hex, &revs->commits->item->object.oid);
 
 	if (flags & BISECT_SHOW_ALL) {
 		traverse_commit_list(revs, show_commit, show_object, info);
@@ -259,17 +316,45 @@ static int show_bisect_vars(struct rev_list_info *info, int reaches, int all)
 }
 
 static int show_object_fast(
-	const unsigned char *sha1,
+	const struct object_id *oid,
 	enum object_type type,
 	int exclude,
 	uint32_t name_hash,
 	struct packed_git *found_pack,
 	off_t found_offset)
 {
-	fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static inline int parse_missing_action_value(const char *value)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(value, "error")) {
+		arg_missing_action = MA_ERROR;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(value, "allow-any")) {
+		arg_missing_action = MA_ALLOW_ANY;
+		fetch_if_missing = 0;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(value, "print")) {
+		arg_missing_action = MA_PRINT;
+		fetch_if_missing = 0;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(value, "allow-promisor")) {
+		arg_missing_action = MA_ALLOW_PROMISOR;
+		fetch_if_missing = 0;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct rev_info revs;
@@ -279,11 +364,44 @@ int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int bisect_show_vars = 0;
 	int bisect_find_all = 0;
 	int use_bitmap_index = 0;
+	const char *show_progress = NULL;
+
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage(rev_list_usage);
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	init_revisions(&revs, prefix);
 	revs.abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
 	revs.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_UNSPECIFIED;
+
+	/*
+	 * Scan the argument list before invoking setup_revisions(), so that we
+	 * know if fetch_if_missing needs to be set to 0.
+	 *
+	 * "--exclude-promisor-objects" acts as a pre-filter on missing objects
+	 * by not crossing the boundary from realized objects to promisor
+	 * objects.
+	 *
+	 * Let "--missing" to conditionally set fetch_if_missing.
+	 */
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+		const char *arg = argv[i];
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--exclude-promisor-objects")) {
+			fetch_if_missing = 0;
+			revs.exclude_promisor_objects = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+		const char *arg = argv[i];
+		if (skip_prefix(arg, "--missing=", &arg)) {
+			if (revs.exclude_promisor_objects)
+				die(_("cannot combine --exclude-promisor-objects and --missing"));
+			if (parse_missing_action_value(arg))
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &revs, NULL);
 
 	memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
@@ -291,7 +409,7 @@ int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (revs.bisect)
 		bisect_list = 1;
 
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs.diffopt, QUICK))
+	if (revs.diffopt.flags.quick)
 		info.flags |= REV_LIST_QUIET;
 	for (i = 1 ; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
@@ -328,6 +446,35 @@ int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			test_bitmap_walk(&revs);
 			return 0;
 		}
+		if (skip_prefix(arg, "--progress=", &arg)) {
+			show_progress = arg;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (skip_prefix(arg, ("--" CL_ARG__FILTER "="), &arg)) {
+			parse_list_objects_filter(&filter_options, arg);
+			if (filter_options.choice && !revs.blob_objects)
+				die(_("object filtering requires --objects"));
+			if (filter_options.choice == LOFC_SPARSE_OID &&
+			    !filter_options.sparse_oid_value)
+				die(_("invalid sparse value '%s'"),
+				    filter_options.filter_spec);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp(arg, ("--no-" CL_ARG__FILTER))) {
+			list_objects_filter_set_no_filter(&filter_options);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--filter-print-omitted")) {
+			arg_print_omitted = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--exclude-promisor-objects"))
+			continue; /* already handled above */
+		if (skip_prefix(arg, "--missing=", &arg))
+			continue; /* already handled above */
+
 		usage(rev_list_usage);
 
 	}
@@ -343,29 +490,47 @@ int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		/* Only --header was specified */
 		revs.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_RAW;
 
-	if ((!revs.commits &&
+	if ((!revs.commits && reflog_walk_empty(revs.reflog_info) &&
 	     (!(revs.tag_objects || revs.tree_objects || revs.blob_objects) &&
-	      !revs.pending.nr)) ||
+	      !revs.pending.nr) &&
+	     !revs.rev_input_given) ||
 	    revs.diff)
 		usage(rev_list_usage);
 
+	if (revs.show_notes)
+		die(_("rev-list does not support display of notes"));
+
+	if (filter_options.choice && use_bitmap_index)
+		die(_("cannot combine --use-bitmap-index with object filtering"));
+
 	save_commit_buffer = (revs.verbose_header ||
 			      revs.grep_filter.pattern_list ||
 			      revs.grep_filter.header_list);
 	if (bisect_list)
 		revs.limited = 1;
 
-	if (use_bitmap_index) {
+	if (show_progress)
+		progress = start_delayed_progress(show_progress, 0);
+
+	if (use_bitmap_index && !revs.prune) {
 		if (revs.count && !revs.left_right && !revs.cherry_mark) {
 			uint32_t commit_count;
-			if (!prepare_bitmap_walk(&revs)) {
-				count_bitmap_commit_list(&commit_count, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+			int max_count = revs.max_count;
+			struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git;
+			if ((bitmap_git = prepare_bitmap_walk(&revs))) {
+				count_bitmap_commit_list(bitmap_git, &commit_count, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+				if (max_count >= 0 && max_count < commit_count)
+					commit_count = max_count;
 				printf("%d\n", commit_count);
+				free_bitmap_index(bitmap_git);
 				return 0;
 			}
-		} else if (revs.tag_objects && revs.tree_objects && revs.blob_objects) {
-			if (!prepare_bitmap_walk(&revs)) {
-				traverse_bitmap_commit_list(&show_object_fast);
+		} else if (revs.max_count < 0 &&
+			   revs.tag_objects && revs.tree_objects && revs.blob_objects) {
+			struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git;
+			if ((bitmap_git = prepare_bitmap_walk(&revs))) {
+				traverse_bitmap_commit_list(bitmap_git, &show_object_fast);
+				free_bitmap_index(bitmap_git);
 				return 0;
 			}
 		}
@@ -377,16 +542,41 @@ int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		mark_edges_uninteresting(&revs, show_edge);
 
 	if (bisect_list) {
-		int reaches = reaches, all = all;
+		int reaches, all;
 
-		revs.commits = find_bisection(revs.commits, &reaches, &all,
-					      bisect_find_all);
+		find_bisection(&revs.commits, &reaches, &all, bisect_find_all);
 
 		if (bisect_show_vars)
 			return show_bisect_vars(&info, reaches, all);
 	}
 
-	traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, show_object, &info);
+	if (arg_print_omitted)
+		oidset_init(&omitted_objects, DEFAULT_OIDSET_SIZE);
+	if (arg_missing_action == MA_PRINT)
+		oidset_init(&missing_objects, DEFAULT_OIDSET_SIZE);
+
+	traverse_commit_list_filtered(
+		&filter_options, &revs, show_commit, show_object, &info,
+		(arg_print_omitted ? &omitted_objects : NULL));
+
+	if (arg_print_omitted) {
+		struct oidset_iter iter;
+		struct object_id *oid;
+		oidset_iter_init(&omitted_objects, &iter);
+		while ((oid = oidset_iter_next(&iter)))
+			printf("~%s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
+		oidset_clear(&omitted_objects);
+	}
+	if (arg_missing_action == MA_PRINT) {
+		struct oidset_iter iter;
+		struct object_id *oid;
+		oidset_iter_init(&missing_objects, &iter);
+		while ((oid = oidset_iter_next(&iter)))
+			printf("?%s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
+		oidset_clear(&missing_objects);
+	}
+
+	stop_progress(&progress);
 
 	if (revs.count) {
 		if (revs.left_right && revs.cherry_mark)
diff --git a/builtin/rev-parse.c b/builtin/rev-parse.c
index 3626c61da6..0f09bbbf65 100644
--- a/builtin/rev-parse.c
+++ b/builtin/rev-parse.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "quote.h"
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "split-index.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
 
 #define DO_REVS		1
 #define DO_NOREV	2
@@ -120,7 +122,7 @@ static void show_with_type(int type, const char *arg)
 }
 
 /* Output a revision, only if filter allows it */
-static void show_rev(int type, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *name)
+static void show_rev(int type, const struct object_id *oid, const char *name)
 {
 	if (!(filter & DO_REVS))
 		return;
@@ -128,10 +130,10 @@ static void show_rev(int type, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *name)
 
 	if ((symbolic || abbrev_ref) && name) {
 		if (symbolic == SHOW_SYMBOLIC_FULL || abbrev_ref) {
-			unsigned char discard[20];
+			struct object_id discard;
 			char *full;
 
-			switch (dwim_ref(name, strlen(name), discard, &full)) {
+			switch (dwim_ref(name, strlen(name), &discard, &full)) {
 			case 0:
 				/*
 				 * Not found -- not a ref.  We could
@@ -157,9 +159,9 @@ static void show_rev(int type, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *name)
 		}
 	}
 	else if (abbrev)
-		show_with_type(type, find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev));
+		show_with_type(type, find_unique_abbrev(oid, abbrev));
 	else
-		show_with_type(type, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		show_with_type(type, oid_to_hex(oid));
 }
 
 /* Output a flag, only if filter allows it. */
@@ -179,46 +181,47 @@ static int show_default(void)
 	const char *s = def;
 
 	if (s) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 
 		def = NULL;
-		if (!get_sha1(s, sha1)) {
-			show_rev(NORMAL, sha1, s);
+		if (!get_oid(s, &oid)) {
+			show_rev(NORMAL, &oid, s);
 			return 1;
 		}
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int show_reference(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int show_reference(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid, int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	if (ref_excluded(ref_excludes, refname))
 		return 0;
-	show_rev(NORMAL, sha1, refname);
+	show_rev(NORMAL, oid, refname);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int anti_reference(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int anti_reference(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid, int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
-	show_rev(REVERSED, sha1, refname);
+	show_rev(REVERSED, oid, refname);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int show_abbrev(const unsigned char *sha1, void *cb_data)
+static int show_abbrev(const struct object_id *oid, void *cb_data)
 {
-	show_rev(NORMAL, sha1, NULL);
+	show_rev(NORMAL, oid, NULL);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static void show_datestring(const char *flag, const char *datestr)
 {
-	static char buffer[100];
+	char *buffer;
 
 	/* date handling requires both flags and revs */
 	if ((filter & (DO_FLAGS | DO_REVS)) != (DO_FLAGS | DO_REVS))
 		return;
-	snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%s%lu", flag, approxidate(datestr));
+	buffer = xstrfmt("%s%"PRItime, flag, approxidate(datestr));
 	show(buffer);
+	free(buffer);
 }
 
 static int show_file(const char *arg, int output_prefix)
@@ -227,9 +230,9 @@ static int show_file(const char *arg, int output_prefix)
 	if ((filter & (DO_NONFLAGS|DO_NOREV)) == (DO_NONFLAGS|DO_NOREV)) {
 		if (output_prefix) {
 			const char *prefix = startup_info->prefix;
-			show(prefix_filename(prefix,
-					     prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0,
-					     arg));
+			char *fname = prefix_filename(prefix, arg);
+			show(fname);
+			free(fname);
 		} else
 			show(arg);
 		return 1;
@@ -240,28 +243,28 @@ static int show_file(const char *arg, int output_prefix)
 static int try_difference(const char *arg)
 {
 	char *dotdot;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	unsigned char end[20];
-	const char *next;
-	const char *this;
+	struct object_id start_oid;
+	struct object_id end_oid;
+	const char *end;
+	const char *start;
 	int symmetric;
 	static const char head_by_default[] = "HEAD";
 
 	if (!(dotdot = strstr(arg, "..")))
 		return 0;
-	next = dotdot + 2;
-	this = arg;
-	symmetric = (*next == '.');
+	end = dotdot + 2;
+	start = arg;
+	symmetric = (*end == '.');
 
 	*dotdot = 0;
-	next += symmetric;
+	end += symmetric;
 
-	if (!*next)
-		next = head_by_default;
+	if (!*end)
+		end = head_by_default;
 	if (dotdot == arg)
-		this = head_by_default;
+		start = head_by_default;
 
-	if (this == head_by_default && next == head_by_default &&
+	if (start == head_by_default && end == head_by_default &&
 	    !symmetric) {
 		/*
 		 * Just ".."?  That is not a range but the
@@ -271,21 +274,22 @@ static int try_difference(const char *arg)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (!get_sha1_committish(this, sha1) && !get_sha1_committish(next, end)) {
-		show_rev(NORMAL, end, next);
-		show_rev(symmetric ? NORMAL : REVERSED, sha1, this);
+	if (!get_oid_committish(start, &start_oid) && !get_oid_committish(end, &end_oid)) {
+		show_rev(NORMAL, &end_oid, end);
+		show_rev(symmetric ? NORMAL : REVERSED, &start_oid, start);
 		if (symmetric) {
 			struct commit_list *exclude;
 			struct commit *a, *b;
-			a = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
-			b = lookup_commit_reference(end);
+			a = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &start_oid);
+			b = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &end_oid);
+			if (!a || !b) {
+				*dotdot = '.';
+				return 0;
+			}
 			exclude = get_merge_bases(a, b);
 			while (exclude) {
-				struct commit_list *n = exclude->next;
-				show_rev(REVERSED,
-					 exclude->item->object.sha1,NULL);
-				free(exclude);
-				exclude = n;
+				struct commit *commit = pop_commit(&exclude);
+				show_rev(REVERSED, &commit->object.oid, NULL);
 			}
 		}
 		*dotdot = '.';
@@ -298,31 +302,64 @@ static int try_difference(const char *arg)
 static int try_parent_shorthands(const char *arg)
 {
 	char *dotdot;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	struct commit_list *parents;
-	int parents_only;
-
-	if ((dotdot = strstr(arg, "^!")))
-		parents_only = 0;
-	else if ((dotdot = strstr(arg, "^@")))
-		parents_only = 1;
-
-	if (!dotdot || dotdot[2])
+	int parent_number;
+	int include_rev = 0;
+	int include_parents = 0;
+	int exclude_parent = 0;
+
+	if ((dotdot = strstr(arg, "^!"))) {
+		include_rev = 1;
+		if (dotdot[2])
+			return 0;
+	} else if ((dotdot = strstr(arg, "^@"))) {
+		include_parents = 1;
+		if (dotdot[2])
+			return 0;
+	} else if ((dotdot = strstr(arg, "^-"))) {
+		include_rev = 1;
+		exclude_parent = 1;
+
+		if (dotdot[2]) {
+			char *end;
+			exclude_parent = strtoul(dotdot + 2, &end, 10);
+			if (*end != '\0' || !exclude_parent)
+				return 0;
+		}
+	} else
 		return 0;
 
 	*dotdot = 0;
-	if (get_sha1_committish(arg, sha1)) {
+	if (get_oid_committish(arg, &oid) ||
+	    !(commit = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &oid))) {
+		*dotdot = '^';
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (exclude_parent &&
+	    exclude_parent > commit_list_count(commit->parents)) {
 		*dotdot = '^';
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (!parents_only)
-		show_rev(NORMAL, sha1, arg);
-	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
-	for (parents = commit->parents; parents; parents = parents->next)
-		show_rev(parents_only ? NORMAL : REVERSED,
-				parents->item->object.sha1, arg);
+	if (include_rev)
+		show_rev(NORMAL, &oid, arg);
+	for (parents = commit->parents, parent_number = 1;
+	     parents;
+	     parents = parents->next, parent_number++) {
+		char *name = NULL;
+
+		if (exclude_parent && parent_number != exclude_parent)
+			continue;
+
+		if (symbolic)
+			name = xstrfmt("%s^%d", arg, parent_number);
+		show_rev(include_parents ? NORMAL : REVERSED,
+			 &parents->item->object.oid, name);
+		free(name);
+	}
 
 	*dotdot = '^';
 	return 1;
@@ -354,6 +391,14 @@ static const char *skipspaces(const char *s)
 	return s;
 }
 
+static char *findspace(const char *s)
+{
+	for (; *s; s++)
+		if (isspace(*s))
+			return (char*)s;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
 static int cmd_parseopt(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	static int keep_dashdash = 0, stop_at_non_option = 0;
@@ -371,6 +416,7 @@ static int cmd_parseopt(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 					N_("output in stuck long form")),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
+	static const char * const flag_chars = "*=?!";
 
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT, parsed = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char **usage = NULL;
@@ -385,7 +431,7 @@ static int cmd_parseopt(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	/* get the usage up to the first line with a -- on it */
 	for (;;) {
-		if (strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin, '\n') == EOF)
+		if (strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin) == EOF)
 			die("premature end of input");
 		ALLOC_GROW(usage, unb + 1, usz);
 		if (!strcmp("--", sb.buf)) {
@@ -398,9 +444,9 @@ static int cmd_parseopt(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	/* parse: (<short>|<short>,<long>|<long>)[*=?!]*<arghint>? SP+ <help> */
-	while (strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
+	while (strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin) != EOF) {
 		const char *s;
-		const char *end;
+		char *help;
 		struct option *o;
 
 		if (!sb.len)
@@ -410,54 +456,58 @@ static int cmd_parseopt(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		memset(opts + onb, 0, sizeof(opts[onb]));
 
 		o = &opts[onb++];
-		s = strchr(sb.buf, ' ');
-		if (!s || *sb.buf == ' ') {
+		help = findspace(sb.buf);
+		if (!help || sb.buf == help) {
 			o->type = OPTION_GROUP;
 			o->help = xstrdup(skipspaces(sb.buf));
 			continue;
 		}
 
+		*help = '\0';
+
 		o->type = OPTION_CALLBACK;
-		o->help = xstrdup(skipspaces(s));
+		o->help = xstrdup(skipspaces(help+1));
 		o->value = &parsed;
 		o->flags = PARSE_OPT_NOARG;
 		o->callback = &parseopt_dump;
 
-		/* Possible argument name hint */
-		end = s;
-		while (s > sb.buf && strchr("*=?!", s[-1]) == NULL)
-			--s;
-		if (s != sb.buf && s != end)
-			o->argh = xmemdupz(s, end - s);
-		if (s == sb.buf)
-			s = end;
-
-		while (s > sb.buf && strchr("*=?!", s[-1])) {
-			switch (*--s) {
+		/* name(s) */
+		s = strpbrk(sb.buf, flag_chars);
+		if (s == NULL)
+			s = help;
+
+		if (s - sb.buf == 1) /* short option only */
+			o->short_name = *sb.buf;
+		else if (sb.buf[1] != ',') /* long option only */
+			o->long_name = xmemdupz(sb.buf, s - sb.buf);
+		else {
+			o->short_name = *sb.buf;
+			o->long_name = xmemdupz(sb.buf + 2, s - sb.buf - 2);
+		}
+
+		/* flags */
+		while (s < help) {
+			switch (*s++) {
 			case '=':
 				o->flags &= ~PARSE_OPT_NOARG;
-				break;
+				continue;
 			case '?':
 				o->flags &= ~PARSE_OPT_NOARG;
 				o->flags |= PARSE_OPT_OPTARG;
-				break;
+				continue;
 			case '!':
 				o->flags |= PARSE_OPT_NONEG;
-				break;
+				continue;
 			case '*':
 				o->flags |= PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN;
-				break;
+				continue;
 			}
+			s--;
+			break;
 		}
 
-		if (s - sb.buf == 1) /* short option only */
-			o->short_name = *sb.buf;
-		else if (sb.buf[1] != ',') /* long option only */
-			o->long_name = xmemdupz(sb.buf, s - sb.buf);
-		else {
-			o->short_name = *sb.buf;
-			o->long_name = xmemdupz(sb.buf + 2, s - sb.buf - 2);
-		}
+		if (s < help)
+			o->argh = xmemdupz(s, help - s);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 
@@ -469,8 +519,8 @@ static int cmd_parseopt(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			(stop_at_non_option ? PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION : 0) |
 			PARSE_OPT_SHELL_EVAL);
 
-	strbuf_addf(&parsed, " --");
-	sq_quote_argv(&parsed, argv, 0);
+	strbuf_addstr(&parsed, " --");
+	sq_quote_argv(&parsed, argv);
 	puts(parsed.buf);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -480,7 +530,7 @@ static int cmd_sq_quote(int argc, const char **argv)
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (argc)
-		sq_quote_argv(&buf, argv, 0);
+		sq_quote_argv(&buf, argv);
 	printf("%s\n", buf.buf);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 
@@ -502,15 +552,45 @@ N_("git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]\n"
    "\n"
    "Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage.");
 
+/*
+ * Parse "opt" or "opt=<value>", setting value respectively to either
+ * NULL or the string after "=".
+ */
+static int opt_with_value(const char *arg, const char *opt, const char **value)
+{
+	if (skip_prefix(arg, opt, &arg)) {
+		if (!*arg) {
+			*value = NULL;
+			return 1;
+		}
+		if (*arg++ == '=') {
+			*value = arg;
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void handle_ref_opt(const char *pattern, const char *prefix)
+{
+	if (pattern)
+		for_each_glob_ref_in(show_reference, pattern, prefix, NULL);
+	else
+		for_each_ref_in(prefix, show_reference, NULL);
+	clear_ref_exclusion(&ref_excludes);
+}
+
 int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i, as_is = 0, verify = 0, quiet = 0, revs_count = 0, type = 0;
+	int did_repo_setup = 0;
 	int has_dashdash = 0;
 	int output_prefix = 0;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	unsigned int flags = 0;
 	const char *name = NULL;
 	struct object_context unused;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (argc > 1 && !strcmp("--parseopt", argv[1]))
 		return cmd_parseopt(argc - 1, argv + 1, prefix);
@@ -528,11 +608,49 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		}
 	}
 
-	prefix = setup_git_directory();
-	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	/* No options; just report on whether we're in a git repo or not. */
+	if (argc == 1) {
+		setup_git_directory();
+		git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
 
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--local-env-vars")) {
+			int i;
+			for (i = 0; local_repo_env[i]; i++)
+				printf("%s\n", local_repo_env[i]);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--resolve-git-dir")) {
+			const char *gitdir = argv[++i];
+			if (!gitdir)
+				die("--resolve-git-dir requires an argument");
+			gitdir = resolve_gitdir(gitdir);
+			if (!gitdir)
+				die("not a gitdir '%s'", argv[i]);
+			puts(gitdir);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* The rest of the options require a git repository. */
+		if (!did_repo_setup) {
+			prefix = setup_git_directory();
+			git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+			did_repo_setup = 1;
+		}
+
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--git-path")) {
+			if (!argv[i + 1])
+				die("--git-path requires an argument");
+			strbuf_reset(&buf);
+			puts(relative_path(git_path("%s", argv[i + 1]),
+					   prefix, &buf));
+			i++;
+			continue;
+		}
 		if (as_is) {
 			if (show_file(arg, output_prefix) && as_is < 2)
 				verify_filename(prefix, arg, 0);
@@ -598,16 +716,16 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--quiet") || !strcmp(arg, "-q")) {
 				quiet = 1;
-				flags |= GET_SHA1_QUIETLY;
+				flags |= GET_OID_QUIETLY;
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--short") ||
-			    starts_with(arg, "--short=")) {
+			if (opt_with_value(arg, "--short", &arg)) {
 				filter &= ~(DO_FLAGS|DO_NOREV);
 				verify = 1;
 				abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
-				if (arg[7] == '=')
-					abbrev = strtoul(arg + 8, NULL, 10);
+				if (!arg)
+					continue;
+				abbrev = strtoul(arg, NULL, 10);
 				if (abbrev < MINIMUM_ABBREV)
 					abbrev = MINIMUM_ABBREV;
 				else if (40 <= abbrev)
@@ -630,17 +748,17 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				symbolic = SHOW_SYMBOLIC_FULL;
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (starts_with(arg, "--abbrev-ref") &&
-			    (!arg[12] || arg[12] == '=')) {
+			if (opt_with_value(arg, "--abbrev-ref", &arg)) {
 				abbrev_ref = 1;
 				abbrev_ref_strict = warn_ambiguous_refs;
-				if (arg[12] == '=') {
-					if (!strcmp(arg + 13, "strict"))
+				if (arg) {
+					if (!strcmp(arg, "strict"))
 						abbrev_ref_strict = 1;
-					else if (!strcmp(arg + 13, "loose"))
+					else if (!strcmp(arg, "loose"))
 						abbrev_ref_strict = 0;
 					else
-						die("unknown mode for %s", arg);
+						die("unknown mode for --abbrev-ref: %s",
+						    arg);
 				}
 				continue;
 			}
@@ -648,61 +766,33 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				for_each_ref(show_reference, NULL);
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (starts_with(arg, "--disambiguate=")) {
-				for_each_abbrev(arg + 15, show_abbrev, NULL);
+			if (skip_prefix(arg, "--disambiguate=", &arg)) {
+				for_each_abbrev(arg, show_abbrev, NULL);
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--bisect")) {
-				for_each_ref_in("refs/bisect/bad", show_reference, NULL);
-				for_each_ref_in("refs/bisect/good", anti_reference, NULL);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (starts_with(arg, "--branches=")) {
-				for_each_glob_ref_in(show_reference, arg + 11,
-					"refs/heads/", NULL);
-				clear_ref_exclusion(&ref_excludes);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--branches")) {
-				for_each_branch_ref(show_reference, NULL);
-				clear_ref_exclusion(&ref_excludes);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (starts_with(arg, "--tags=")) {
-				for_each_glob_ref_in(show_reference, arg + 7,
-					"refs/tags/", NULL);
-				clear_ref_exclusion(&ref_excludes);
+				for_each_fullref_in("refs/bisect/bad", show_reference, NULL, 0);
+				for_each_fullref_in("refs/bisect/good", anti_reference, NULL, 0);
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--tags")) {
-				for_each_tag_ref(show_reference, NULL);
-				clear_ref_exclusion(&ref_excludes);
+			if (opt_with_value(arg, "--branches", &arg)) {
+				handle_ref_opt(arg, "refs/heads/");
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (starts_with(arg, "--glob=")) {
-				for_each_glob_ref(show_reference, arg + 7, NULL);
-				clear_ref_exclusion(&ref_excludes);
+			if (opt_with_value(arg, "--tags", &arg)) {
+				handle_ref_opt(arg, "refs/tags/");
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (starts_with(arg, "--remotes=")) {
-				for_each_glob_ref_in(show_reference, arg + 10,
-					"refs/remotes/", NULL);
-				clear_ref_exclusion(&ref_excludes);
+			if (skip_prefix(arg, "--glob=", &arg)) {
+				handle_ref_opt(arg, NULL);
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--remotes")) {
-				for_each_remote_ref(show_reference, NULL);
-				clear_ref_exclusion(&ref_excludes);
+			if (opt_with_value(arg, "--remotes", &arg)) {
+				handle_ref_opt(arg, "refs/remotes/");
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (starts_with(arg, "--exclude=")) {
-				add_ref_exclusion(&ref_excludes, arg + 10);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--local-env-vars")) {
-				int i;
-				for (i = 0; local_repo_env[i]; i++)
-					printf("%s\n", local_repo_env[i]);
+			if (skip_prefix(arg, "--exclude=", &arg)) {
+				add_ref_exclusion(&ref_excludes, arg);
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--show-toplevel")) {
@@ -711,6 +801,12 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 					puts(work_tree);
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--show-superproject-working-tree")) {
+				const char *superproject = get_superproject_working_tree();
+				if (superproject)
+					puts(superproject);
+				continue;
+			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--show-prefix")) {
 				if (prefix)
 					puts(prefix);
@@ -737,17 +833,27 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				putchar('\n');
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--git-dir")) {
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--git-dir") ||
+			    !strcmp(arg, "--absolute-git-dir")) {
 				const char *gitdir = getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
 				char *cwd;
 				int len;
-				if (gitdir) {
-					puts(gitdir);
-					continue;
-				}
-				if (!prefix) {
-					puts(".git");
-					continue;
+				if (arg[2] == 'g') {	/* --git-dir */
+					if (gitdir) {
+						puts(gitdir);
+						continue;
+					}
+					if (!prefix) {
+						puts(".git");
+						continue;
+					}
+				} else {		/* --absolute-git-dir */
+					if (!gitdir && !prefix)
+						gitdir = ".git";
+					if (gitdir) {
+						puts(real_path(gitdir));
+						continue;
+					}
 				}
 				cwd = xgetcwd();
 				len = strlen(cwd);
@@ -755,14 +861,10 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				free(cwd);
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--resolve-git-dir")) {
-				const char *gitdir = argv[++i];
-				if (!gitdir)
-					die("--resolve-git-dir requires an argument");
-				gitdir = resolve_gitdir(gitdir);
-				if (!gitdir)
-					die("not a gitdir '%s'", argv[i]);
-				puts(gitdir);
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--git-common-dir")) {
+				strbuf_reset(&buf);
+				puts(relative_path(get_git_common_dir(),
+						   prefix, &buf));
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--is-inside-git-dir")) {
@@ -780,29 +882,37 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 						: "false");
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--is-shallow-repository")) {
+				printf("%s\n",
+						is_repository_shallow(the_repository) ? "true"
+						: "false");
+				continue;
+			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--shared-index-path")) {
 				if (read_cache() < 0)
 					die(_("Could not read the index"));
 				if (the_index.split_index) {
-					const unsigned char *sha1 = the_index.split_index->base_sha1;
-					puts(git_path("sharedindex.%s", sha1_to_hex(sha1)));
+					const struct object_id *oid = &the_index.split_index->base_oid;
+					const char *path = git_path("sharedindex.%s", oid_to_hex(oid));
+					strbuf_reset(&buf);
+					puts(relative_path(path, prefix, &buf));
 				}
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (starts_with(arg, "--since=")) {
-				show_datestring("--max-age=", arg+8);
+			if (skip_prefix(arg, "--since=", &arg)) {
+				show_datestring("--max-age=", arg);
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (starts_with(arg, "--after=")) {
-				show_datestring("--max-age=", arg+8);
+			if (skip_prefix(arg, "--after=", &arg)) {
+				show_datestring("--max-age=", arg);
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (starts_with(arg, "--before=")) {
-				show_datestring("--min-age=", arg+9);
+			if (skip_prefix(arg, "--before=", &arg)) {
+				show_datestring("--min-age=", arg);
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (starts_with(arg, "--until=")) {
-				show_datestring("--min-age=", arg+8);
+			if (skip_prefix(arg, "--until=", &arg)) {
+				show_datestring("--min-age=", arg);
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (show_flag(arg) && verify)
@@ -821,11 +931,11 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			name++;
 			type = REVERSED;
 		}
-		if (!get_sha1_with_context(name, flags, sha1, &unused)) {
+		if (!get_oid_with_context(name, flags, &oid, &unused)) {
 			if (verify)
 				revs_count++;
 			else
-				show_rev(type, sha1, name);
+				show_rev(type, &oid, name);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (verify)
@@ -837,9 +947,10 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			continue;
 		verify_filename(prefix, arg, 1);
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	if (verify) {
 		if (revs_count == 1) {
-			show_rev(type, sha1, name);
+			show_rev(type, &oid, name);
 			return 0;
 		} else if (revs_count == 0 && show_default())
 			return 0;
diff --git a/builtin/revert.c b/builtin/revert.c
index 56a2c36669..9a66720cfc 100644
--- a/builtin/revert.c
+++ b/builtin/revert.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "diff.h"
@@ -6,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "rerere.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "sequencer.h"
+#include "branch.h"
 
 /*
  * This implements the builtins revert and cherry-pick.
@@ -54,6 +56,24 @@ static int option_parse_x(const struct option *opt,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int option_parse_m(const struct option *opt,
+			  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct replay_opts *replay = opt->value;
+	char *end;
+
+	if (unset) {
+		replay->mainline = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	replay->mainline = strtol(arg, &end, 10);
+	if (*end || replay->mainline <= 0)
+		return opterror(opt, "expects a number greater than zero", 0);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 LAST_ARG_MUST_BE_NULL
 static void verify_opt_compatible(const char *me, const char *base_opt, ...)
 {
@@ -71,12 +91,12 @@ static void verify_opt_compatible(const char *me, const char *base_opt, ...)
 		die(_("%s: %s cannot be used with %s"), me, this_opt, base_opt);
 }
 
-static void parse_args(int argc, const char **argv, struct replay_opts *opts)
+static int run_sequencer(int argc, const char **argv, struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
 	const char * const * usage_str = revert_or_cherry_pick_usage(opts);
 	const char *me = action_name(opts);
 	int cmd = 0;
-	struct option options[] = {
+	struct option base_options[] = {
 		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "quit", &cmd, N_("end revert or cherry-pick sequence"), 'q'),
 		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "continue", &cmd, N_("resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"), 'c'),
 		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "abort", &cmd, N_("cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"), 'a'),
@@ -84,20 +104,17 @@ static void parse_args(int argc, const char **argv, struct replay_opts *opts)
 		OPT_BOOL('e', "edit", &opts->edit, N_("edit the commit message")),
 		OPT_NOOP_NOARG('r', NULL),
 		OPT_BOOL('s', "signoff", &opts->signoff, N_("add Signed-off-by:")),
-		OPT_INTEGER('m', "mainline", &opts->mainline, N_("parent number")),
+		OPT_CALLBACK('m', "mainline", opts, N_("parent-number"),
+			     N_("select mainline parent"), option_parse_m),
 		OPT_RERERE_AUTOUPDATE(&opts->allow_rerere_auto),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "strategy", &opts->strategy, N_("strategy"), N_("merge strategy")),
 		OPT_CALLBACK('X', "strategy-option", &opts, N_("option"),
 			N_("option for merge strategy"), option_parse_x),
 		{ OPTION_STRING, 'S', "gpg-sign", &opts->gpg_sign, N_("key-id"),
 		  N_("GPG sign commit"), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t) "" },
-		OPT_END(),
-		OPT_END(),
-		OPT_END(),
-		OPT_END(),
-		OPT_END(),
-		OPT_END(),
+		OPT_END()
 	};
+	struct option *options = base_options;
 
 	if (opts->action == REPLAY_PICK) {
 		struct option cp_extra[] = {
@@ -108,8 +125,7 @@ static void parse_args(int argc, const char **argv, struct replay_opts *opts)
 			OPT_BOOL(0, "keep-redundant-commits", &opts->keep_redundant_commits, N_("keep redundant, empty commits")),
 			OPT_END(),
 		};
-		if (parse_options_concat(options, ARRAY_SIZE(options), cp_extra))
-			die(_("program error"));
+		options = parse_options_concat(options, cp_extra);
 	}
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, usage_str,
@@ -120,25 +136,15 @@ static void parse_args(int argc, const char **argv, struct replay_opts *opts)
 	if (opts->keep_redundant_commits)
 		opts->allow_empty = 1;
 
-	/* Set the subcommand */
-	if (cmd == 'q')
-		opts->subcommand = REPLAY_REMOVE_STATE;
-	else if (cmd == 'c')
-		opts->subcommand = REPLAY_CONTINUE;
-	else if (cmd == 'a')
-		opts->subcommand = REPLAY_ROLLBACK;
-	else
-		opts->subcommand = REPLAY_NONE;
-
 	/* Check for incompatible command line arguments */
-	if (opts->subcommand != REPLAY_NONE) {
+	if (cmd) {
 		char *this_operation;
-		if (opts->subcommand == REPLAY_REMOVE_STATE)
+		if (cmd == 'q')
 			this_operation = "--quit";
-		else if (opts->subcommand == REPLAY_CONTINUE)
+		else if (cmd == 'c')
 			this_operation = "--continue";
 		else {
-			assert(opts->subcommand == REPLAY_ROLLBACK);
+			assert(cmd == 'a');
 			this_operation = "--abort";
 		}
 
@@ -150,6 +156,8 @@ static void parse_args(int argc, const char **argv, struct replay_opts *opts)
 				"--strategy-option", opts->xopts ? 1 : 0,
 				"-x", opts->record_origin,
 				"--ff", opts->allow_ff,
+				"--rerere-autoupdate", opts->allow_rerere_auto == RERERE_AUTOUPDATE,
+				"--no-rerere-autoupdate", opts->allow_rerere_auto == RERERE_NOAUTOUPDATE,
 				NULL);
 	}
 
@@ -161,7 +169,7 @@ static void parse_args(int argc, const char **argv, struct replay_opts *opts)
 				"--edit", opts->edit,
 				NULL);
 
-	if (opts->subcommand != REPLAY_NONE) {
+	if (cmd) {
 		opts->revs = NULL;
 	} else {
 		struct setup_revision_opt s_r_opt;
@@ -179,20 +187,34 @@ static void parse_args(int argc, const char **argv, struct replay_opts *opts)
 
 	if (argc > 1)
 		usage_with_options(usage_str, options);
+
+	/* These option values will be free()d */
+	opts->gpg_sign = xstrdup_or_null(opts->gpg_sign);
+	opts->strategy = xstrdup_or_null(opts->strategy);
+
+	if (cmd == 'q') {
+		int ret = sequencer_remove_state(opts);
+		if (!ret)
+			remove_branch_state();
+		return ret;
+	}
+	if (cmd == 'c')
+		return sequencer_continue(opts);
+	if (cmd == 'a')
+		return sequencer_rollback(opts);
+	return sequencer_pick_revisions(opts);
 }
 
 int cmd_revert(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	struct replay_opts opts;
+	struct replay_opts opts = REPLAY_OPTS_INIT;
 	int res;
 
-	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 	if (isatty(0))
 		opts.edit = 1;
 	opts.action = REPLAY_REVERT;
-	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
-	parse_args(argc, argv, &opts);
-	res = sequencer_pick_revisions(&opts);
+	sequencer_init_config(&opts);
+	res = run_sequencer(argc, argv, &opts);
 	if (res < 0)
 		die(_("revert failed"));
 	return res;
@@ -200,14 +222,12 @@ int cmd_revert(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 int cmd_cherry_pick(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	struct replay_opts opts;
+	struct replay_opts opts = REPLAY_OPTS_INIT;
 	int res;
 
-	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 	opts.action = REPLAY_PICK;
-	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
-	parse_args(argc, argv, &opts);
-	res = sequencer_pick_revisions(&opts);
+	sequencer_init_config(&opts);
+	res = run_sequencer(argc, argv, &opts);
 	if (res < 0)
 		die(_("cherry-pick failed"));
 	return res;
diff --git a/builtin/rm.c b/builtin/rm.c
index 3304bff42a..2cbe89e0ae 100644
--- a/builtin/rm.c
+++ b/builtin/rm.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds 2006
  */
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
@@ -59,32 +60,13 @@ static void print_error_files(struct string_list *files_list,
 	}
 }
 
-static void error_removing_concrete_submodules(struct string_list *files, int *errs)
-{
-	print_error_files(files,
-			  Q_("the following submodule (or one of its nested "
-			     "submodules)\n"
-			     "uses a .git directory:",
-			     "the following submodules (or one of their nested "
-			     "submodules)\n"
-			     "use a .git directory:", files->nr),
-			  _("\n(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove "
-			    "it including all of its history)"),
-			  errs);
-	string_list_clear(files, 0);
-}
-
-static int check_submodules_use_gitfiles(void)
+static void submodules_absorb_gitdir_if_needed(const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i;
-	int errs = 0;
-	struct string_list files = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
-
 	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++) {
 		const char *name = list.entry[i].name;
 		int pos;
 		const struct cache_entry *ce;
-		struct stat st;
 
 		pos = cache_name_pos(name, strlen(name));
 		if (pos < 0) {
@@ -95,20 +77,17 @@ static int check_submodules_use_gitfiles(void)
 		ce = active_cache[pos];
 
 		if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) ||
-		    (lstat(ce->name, &st) < 0) ||
+		    !file_exists(ce->name) ||
 		    is_empty_dir(name))
 			continue;
 
 		if (!submodule_uses_gitfile(name))
-			string_list_append(&files, name);
+			absorb_git_dir_into_superproject(prefix, name,
+				ABSORB_GITDIR_RECURSE_SUBMODULES);
 	}
-
-	error_removing_concrete_submodules(&files, &errs);
-
-	return errs;
 }
 
-static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head, int index_only)
+static int check_local_mod(struct object_id *head, int index_only)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Items in list are already sorted in the cache order,
@@ -121,16 +100,15 @@ static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head, int index_only)
 	int errs = 0;
 	struct string_list files_staged = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	struct string_list files_cached = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
-	struct string_list files_submodule = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	struct string_list files_local = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 
-	no_head = is_null_sha1(head);
+	no_head = is_null_oid(head);
 	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++) {
 		struct stat st;
 		int pos;
 		const struct cache_entry *ce;
 		const char *name = list.entry[i].name;
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		unsigned mode;
 		int local_changes = 0;
 		int staged_changes = 0;
@@ -152,8 +130,8 @@ static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head, int index_only)
 		ce = active_cache[pos];
 
 		if (lstat(ce->name, &st) < 0) {
-			if (errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR)
-				warning("'%s': %s", ce->name, strerror(errno));
+			if (!is_missing_file_error(errno))
+				warning_errno(_("failed to stat '%s'"), ce->name);
 			/* It already vanished from the working tree */
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -188,7 +166,9 @@ static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head, int index_only)
 		 */
 		if (ce_match_stat(ce, &st, 0) ||
 		    (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) &&
-		     !ok_to_remove_submodule(ce->name)))
+		     bad_to_remove_submodule(ce->name,
+				SUBMODULE_REMOVAL_DIE_ON_ERROR |
+				SUBMODULE_REMOVAL_IGNORE_IGNORED_UNTRACKED)))
 			local_changes = 1;
 
 		/*
@@ -198,9 +178,9 @@ static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head, int index_only)
 		 * way as changed from the HEAD.
 		 */
 		if (no_head
-		     || get_tree_entry(head, name, sha1, &mode)
+		     || get_tree_entry(head, name, &oid, &mode)
 		     || ce->ce_mode != create_ce_mode(mode)
-		     || hashcmp(ce->sha1, sha1))
+		     || oidcmp(&ce->oid, &oid))
 			staged_changes = 1;
 
 		/*
@@ -212,19 +192,14 @@ static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head, int index_only)
 		 * "intent to add" entry.
 		 */
 		if (local_changes && staged_changes) {
-			if (!index_only || !(ce->ce_flags & CE_INTENT_TO_ADD))
+			if (!index_only || !ce_intent_to_add(ce))
 				string_list_append(&files_staged, name);
 		}
 		else if (!index_only) {
 			if (staged_changes)
 				string_list_append(&files_cached, name);
-			if (local_changes) {
-				if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) &&
-				    !submodule_uses_gitfile(name))
-					string_list_append(&files_submodule, name);
-				else
-					string_list_append(&files_local, name);
-			}
+			if (local_changes)
+				string_list_append(&files_local, name);
 		}
 	}
 	print_error_files(&files_staged,
@@ -246,8 +221,6 @@ static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head, int index_only)
 			  &errs);
 	string_list_clear(&files_cached, 0);
 
-	error_removing_concrete_submodules(&files_submodule, &errs);
-
 	print_error_files(&files_local,
 			  Q_("the following file has local modifications:",
 			     "the following files have local modifications:",
@@ -260,8 +233,6 @@ static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head, int index_only)
 	return errs;
 }
 
-static struct lock_file lock_file;
-
 static int show_only = 0, force = 0, index_only = 0, recursive = 0, quiet = 0;
 static int ignore_unmatch = 0;
 
@@ -269,7 +240,7 @@ static struct option builtin_rm_options[] = {
 	OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, N_("dry run")),
 	OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("do not list removed files")),
 	OPT_BOOL( 0 , "cached",         &index_only, N_("only remove from the index")),
-	OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("override the up-to-date check")),
+	OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("override the up-to-date check"), PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
 	OPT_BOOL('r', NULL,             &recursive,  N_("allow recursive removal")),
 	OPT_BOOL( 0 , "ignore-unmatch", &ignore_unmatch,
 				N_("exit with a zero status even if nothing matched")),
@@ -278,11 +249,11 @@ static struct option builtin_rm_options[] = {
 
 int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
+	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
 	int i;
 	struct pathspec pathspec;
 	char *seen;
 
-	gitmodules_config();
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_rm_options,
@@ -293,14 +264,13 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!index_only)
 		setup_work_tree();
 
-	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
+	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		die(_("index file corrupt"));
 
 	parse_pathspec(&pathspec, 0,
-		       PATHSPEC_PREFER_CWD |
-		       PATHSPEC_STRIP_SUBMODULE_SLASH_CHEAP,
+		       PATHSPEC_PREFER_CWD,
 		       prefix, argv);
 	refresh_index(&the_index, REFRESH_QUIET, &pathspec, NULL, NULL);
 
@@ -308,14 +278,14 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
 		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-		if (!ce_path_match(ce, &pathspec, seen))
+		if (!ce_path_match(&the_index, ce, &pathspec, seen))
 			continue;
 		ALLOC_GROW(list.entry, list.nr + 1, list.alloc);
 		list.entry[list.nr].name = xstrdup(ce->name);
 		list.entry[list.nr].is_submodule = S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode);
 		if (list.entry[list.nr++].is_submodule &&
-		    !is_staging_gitmodules_ok())
-			die (_("Please, stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"));
+		    !is_staging_gitmodules_ok(&the_index))
+			die(_("please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"));
 	}
 
 	if (pathspec.nr) {
@@ -341,6 +311,9 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			exit(0);
 	}
 
+	if (!index_only)
+		submodules_absorb_gitdir_if_needed(prefix);
+
 	/*
 	 * If not forced, the file, the index and the HEAD (if exists)
 	 * must match; but the file can already been removed, since
@@ -352,13 +325,10 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * report no changes unless forced.
 	 */
 	if (!force) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		if (get_sha1("HEAD", sha1))
-			hashclr(sha1);
-		if (check_local_mod(sha1, index_only))
-			exit(1);
-	} else if (!index_only) {
-		if (check_submodules_use_gitfiles())
+		struct object_id oid;
+		if (get_oid("HEAD", &oid))
+			oidclr(&oid);
+		if (check_local_mod(&oid, index_only))
 			exit(1);
 	}
 
@@ -388,32 +358,19 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 */
 	if (!index_only) {
 		int removed = 0, gitmodules_modified = 0;
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++) {
 			const char *path = list.entry[i].name;
 			if (list.entry[i].is_submodule) {
-				if (is_empty_dir(path)) {
-					if (!rmdir(path)) {
-						removed = 1;
-						if (!remove_path_from_gitmodules(path))
-							gitmodules_modified = 1;
-						continue;
-					}
-				} else {
-					struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-					strbuf_addstr(&buf, path);
-					if (!remove_dir_recursively(&buf, 0)) {
-						removed = 1;
-						if (!remove_path_from_gitmodules(path))
-							gitmodules_modified = 1;
-						strbuf_release(&buf);
-						continue;
-					} else if (!file_exists(path))
-						/* Submodule was removed by user */
-						if (!remove_path_from_gitmodules(path))
-							gitmodules_modified = 1;
-					strbuf_release(&buf);
-					/* Fallthrough and let remove_path() fail. */
-				}
+				strbuf_reset(&buf);
+				strbuf_addstr(&buf, path);
+				if (remove_dir_recursively(&buf, 0))
+					die(_("could not remove '%s'"), path);
+
+				removed = 1;
+				if (!remove_path_from_gitmodules(path))
+					gitmodules_modified = 1;
+				continue;
 			}
 			if (!remove_path(path)) {
 				removed = 1;
@@ -422,14 +379,14 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			if (!removed)
 				die_errno("git rm: '%s'", path);
 		}
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
 		if (gitmodules_modified)
-			stage_updated_gitmodules();
+			stage_updated_gitmodules(&the_index);
 	}
 
-	if (active_cache_changed) {
-		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
-			die(_("Unable to write new index file"));
-	}
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file,
+			       COMMIT_LOCK | SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED))
+		die(_("Unable to write new index file"));
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/send-pack.c b/builtin/send-pack.c
index b961e5ae78..8e3c7490f7 100644
--- a/builtin/send-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/send-pack.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
@@ -11,10 +12,17 @@
 #include "transport.h"
 #include "version.h"
 #include "sha1-array.h"
-
-static const char send_pack_usage[] =
-"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<host>:]<directory> [<ref>...]\n"
-"  --all and explicit <ref> specification are mutually exclusive.";
+#include "gpg-interface.h"
+#include "gettext.h"
+#include "protocol.h"
+
+static const char * const send_pack_usage[] = {
+	N_("git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] "
+	  "[--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] "
+	  "[<host>:]<directory> [<ref>...]\n"
+	  "  --all and explicit <ref> specification are mutually exclusive."),
+	NULL,
+};
 
 static struct send_pack_args args;
 
@@ -91,158 +99,133 @@ static void print_helper_status(struct ref *ref)
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
+static int send_pack_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
+{
+	git_gpg_config(k, v, NULL);
+
+	if (!strcmp(k, "push.gpgsign")) {
+		const char *value;
+		if (!git_config_get_value("push.gpgsign", &value)) {
+			switch (git_parse_maybe_bool(value)) {
+			case 0:
+				args.push_cert = SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_NEVER;
+				break;
+			case 1:
+				args.push_cert = SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS;
+				break;
+			default:
+				if (value && !strcasecmp(value, "if-asked"))
+					args.push_cert = SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED;
+				else
+					return error("Invalid value for '%s'", k);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return git_default_config(k, v, cb);
+}
+
 int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i, nr_refspecs = 0;
-	const char **refspecs = NULL;
+	struct refspec rs = REFSPEC_INIT_PUSH;
 	const char *remote_name = NULL;
 	struct remote *remote = NULL;
 	const char *dest = NULL;
 	int fd[2];
 	struct child_process *conn;
-	struct sha1_array extra_have = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
-	struct sha1_array shallow = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct oid_array extra_have = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct oid_array shallow = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
 	struct ref *remote_refs, *local_refs;
 	int ret;
 	int helper_status = 0;
 	int send_all = 0;
+	int verbose = 0;
 	const char *receivepack = "git-receive-pack";
+	unsigned dry_run = 0;
+	unsigned send_mirror = 0;
+	unsigned force_update = 0;
+	unsigned quiet = 0;
+	int push_cert = 0;
+	struct string_list push_options = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	unsigned use_thin_pack = 0;
+	unsigned atomic = 0;
+	unsigned stateless_rpc = 0;
 	int flags;
 	unsigned int reject_reasons;
 	int progress = -1;
 	int from_stdin = 0;
 	struct push_cas_option cas = {0};
-
-	argv++;
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++, argv++) {
-		const char *arg = *argv;
-
-		if (*arg == '-') {
-			if (starts_with(arg, "--receive-pack=")) {
-				receivepack = arg + 15;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (starts_with(arg, "--exec=")) {
-				receivepack = arg + 7;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (starts_with(arg, "--remote=")) {
-				remote_name = arg + 9;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--all")) {
-				send_all = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--dry-run")) {
-				args.dry_run = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--mirror")) {
-				args.send_mirror = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--force")) {
-				args.force_update = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--quiet")) {
-				args.quiet = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--verbose")) {
-				args.verbose = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--signed")) {
-				args.push_cert = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--progress")) {
-				progress = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-progress")) {
-				progress = 0;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--thin")) {
-				args.use_thin_pack = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--atomic")) {
-				args.atomic = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--stateless-rpc")) {
-				args.stateless_rpc = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--stdin")) {
-				from_stdin = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--helper-status")) {
-				helper_status = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--" CAS_OPT_NAME)) {
-				if (parse_push_cas_option(&cas, NULL, 0) < 0)
-					exit(1);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-" CAS_OPT_NAME)) {
-				if (parse_push_cas_option(&cas, NULL, 1) < 0)
-					exit(1);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (starts_with(arg, "--" CAS_OPT_NAME "=")) {
-				if (parse_push_cas_option(&cas,
-							  strchr(arg, '=') + 1, 0) < 0)
-					exit(1);
-				continue;
-			}
-			usage(send_pack_usage);
-		}
-		if (!dest) {
-			dest = arg;
-			continue;
-		}
-		refspecs = (const char **) argv;
-		nr_refspecs = argc - i;
-		break;
+	struct packet_reader reader;
+
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT__VERBOSITY(&verbose),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "receive-pack", &receivepack, "receive-pack", N_("receive pack program")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "exec", &receivepack, "receive-pack", N_("receive pack program")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "remote", &remote_name, "remote", N_("remote name")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "all", &send_all, N_("push all refs")),
+		OPT_BOOL('n' , "dry-run", &dry_run, N_("dry run")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "mirror", &send_mirror, N_("mirror all refs")),
+		OPT_BOOL('f', "force", &force_update, N_("force updates")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK,
+		  0, "signed", &push_cert, "(yes|no|if-asked)", N_("GPG sign the push"),
+		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, option_parse_push_signed },
+		OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "push-option", &push_options,
+				N_("server-specific"),
+				N_("option to transmit")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &progress, N_("force progress reporting")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "thin", &use_thin_pack, N_("use thin pack")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "atomic", &atomic, N_("request atomic transaction on remote side")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "stateless-rpc", &stateless_rpc, N_("use stateless RPC protocol")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "stdin", &from_stdin, N_("read refs from stdin")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "helper-status", &helper_status, N_("print status from remote helper")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK,
+		  0, CAS_OPT_NAME, &cas, N_("<refname>:<expect>"),
+		  N_("require old value of ref to be at this value"),
+		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, parseopt_push_cas_option },
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	git_config(send_pack_config, NULL);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, send_pack_usage, 0);
+	if (argc > 0) {
+		dest = argv[0];
+		refspec_appendn(&rs, argv + 1, argc - 1);
 	}
+
 	if (!dest)
-		usage(send_pack_usage);
+		usage_with_options(send_pack_usage, options);
+
+	args.verbose = verbose;
+	args.dry_run = dry_run;
+	args.send_mirror = send_mirror;
+	args.force_update = force_update;
+	args.quiet = quiet;
+	args.push_cert = push_cert;
+	args.progress = progress;
+	args.use_thin_pack = use_thin_pack;
+	args.atomic = atomic;
+	args.stateless_rpc = stateless_rpc;
+	args.push_options = push_options.nr ? &push_options : NULL;
 
 	if (from_stdin) {
-		struct argv_array all_refspecs = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
-
-		for (i = 0; i < nr_refspecs; i++)
-			argv_array_push(&all_refspecs, refspecs[i]);
-
 		if (args.stateless_rpc) {
 			const char *buf;
 			while ((buf = packet_read_line(0, NULL)))
-				argv_array_push(&all_refspecs, buf);
+				refspec_append(&rs, buf);
 		} else {
 			struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
-			while (strbuf_getline(&line, stdin, '\n') != EOF)
-				argv_array_push(&all_refspecs, line.buf);
+			while (strbuf_getline(&line, stdin) != EOF)
+				refspec_append(&rs, line.buf);
 			strbuf_release(&line);
 		}
-
-		refspecs = all_refspecs.argv;
-		nr_refspecs = all_refspecs.argc;
 	}
 
 	/*
 	 * --all and --mirror are incompatible; neither makes sense
 	 * with any refspecs.
 	 */
-	if ((refspecs && (send_all || args.send_mirror)) ||
+	if ((rs.nr > 0 && (send_all || args.send_mirror)) ||
 	    (send_all && args.send_mirror))
-		usage(send_pack_usage);
+		usage_with_options(send_pack_usage, options);
 
 	if (remote_name) {
 		remote = remote_get(remote_name);
@@ -265,10 +248,22 @@ int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			args.verbose ? CONNECT_VERBOSE : 0);
 	}
 
-	get_remote_heads(fd[0], NULL, 0, &remote_refs, REF_NORMAL,
-			 &extra_have, &shallow);
+	packet_reader_init(&reader, fd[0], NULL, 0,
+			   PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE |
+			   PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF);
 
-	transport_verify_remote_names(nr_refspecs, refspecs);
+	switch (discover_version(&reader)) {
+	case protocol_v2:
+		die("support for protocol v2 not implemented yet");
+		break;
+	case protocol_v1:
+	case protocol_v0:
+		get_remote_heads(&reader, &remote_refs, REF_NORMAL,
+				 &extra_have, &shallow);
+		break;
+	case protocol_unknown_version:
+		BUG("unknown protocol version");
+	}
 
 	local_refs = get_local_heads();
 
@@ -280,7 +275,7 @@ int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		flags |= MATCH_REFS_MIRROR;
 
 	/* match them up */
-	if (match_push_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs, nr_refspecs, refspecs, flags))
+	if (match_push_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs, &rs, flags))
 		return -1;
 
 	if (!is_empty_cas(&cas))
diff --git a/builtin/serve.c b/builtin/serve.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d3fd240bb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin/serve.c
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "serve.h"
+
+static char const * const serve_usage[] = {
+	N_("git serve [<options>]"),
+	NULL
+};
+
+int cmd_serve(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct serve_options opts = SERVE_OPTIONS_INIT;
+
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "stateless-rpc", &opts.stateless_rpc,
+			 N_("quit after a single request/response exchange")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "advertise-capabilities", &opts.advertise_capabilities,
+			 N_("exit immediately after advertising capabilities")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	/* ignore all unknown cmdline switches for now */
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, serve_usage,
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH |
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN);
+	serve(&opts);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/builtin/shortlog.c b/builtin/shortlog.c
index c0bab6aaa9..3898a2c9c4 100644
--- a/builtin/shortlog.c
+++ b/builtin/shortlog.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
@@ -10,11 +11,31 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 static char const * const shortlog_usage[] = {
-	N_("git shortlog [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"),
+	N_("git shortlog [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"),
+	N_("git log --pretty=short | git shortlog [<options>]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
-static int compare_by_number(const void *a1, const void *a2)
+/*
+ * The util field of our string_list_items will contain one of two things:
+ *
+ *   - if --summary is not in use, it will point to a string list of the
+ *     oneline subjects assigned to this author
+ *
+ *   - if --summary is in use, we don't need that list; we only need to know
+ *     its size. So we abuse the pointer slot to store our integer counter.
+ *
+ *  This macro accesses the latter.
+ */
+#define UTIL_TO_INT(x) ((intptr_t)(x)->util)
+
+static int compare_by_counter(const void *a1, const void *a2)
+{
+	const struct string_list_item *i1 = a1, *i2 = a2;
+	return UTIL_TO_INT(i2) - UTIL_TO_INT(i1);
+}
+
+static int compare_by_list(const void *a1, const void *a2)
 {
 	const struct string_list_item *i1 = a1, *i2 = a2;
 	const struct string_list *l1 = i1->util, *l2 = i2->util;
@@ -31,18 +52,60 @@ static void insert_one_record(struct shortlog *log,
 			      const char *author,
 			      const char *oneline)
 {
-	const char *dot3 = log->common_repo_prefix;
-	char *buffer, *p;
 	struct string_list_item *item;
+
+	item = string_list_insert(&log->list, author);
+
+	if (log->summary)
+		item->util = (void *)(UTIL_TO_INT(item) + 1);
+	else {
+		const char *dot3 = log->common_repo_prefix;
+		char *buffer, *p;
+		struct strbuf subject = STRBUF_INIT;
+		const char *eol;
+
+		/* Skip any leading whitespace, including any blank lines. */
+		while (*oneline && isspace(*oneline))
+			oneline++;
+		eol = strchr(oneline, '\n');
+		if (!eol)
+			eol = oneline + strlen(oneline);
+		if (starts_with(oneline, "[PATCH")) {
+			char *eob = strchr(oneline, ']');
+			if (eob && (!eol || eob < eol))
+				oneline = eob + 1;
+		}
+		while (*oneline && isspace(*oneline) && *oneline != '\n')
+			oneline++;
+		format_subject(&subject, oneline, " ");
+		buffer = strbuf_detach(&subject, NULL);
+
+		if (dot3) {
+			int dot3len = strlen(dot3);
+			if (dot3len > 5) {
+				while ((p = strstr(buffer, dot3)) != NULL) {
+					int taillen = strlen(p) - dot3len;
+					memcpy(p, "/.../", 5);
+					memmove(p + 5, p + dot3len, taillen + 1);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (item->util == NULL)
+			item->util = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
+		string_list_append(item->util, buffer);
+	}
+}
+
+static int parse_stdin_author(struct shortlog *log,
+			       struct strbuf *out, const char *in)
+{
 	const char *mailbuf, *namebuf;
 	size_t namelen, maillen;
-	const char *eol;
-	struct strbuf subject = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf namemailbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct ident_split ident;
 
-	if (split_ident_line(&ident, author, strlen(author)))
-		return;
+	if (split_ident_line(&ident, in, strlen(in)))
+		return -1;
 
 	namebuf = ident.name_begin;
 	mailbuf = ident.mail_begin;
@@ -50,104 +113,75 @@ static void insert_one_record(struct shortlog *log,
 	maillen = ident.mail_end - ident.mail_begin;
 
 	map_user(&log->mailmap, &mailbuf, &maillen, &namebuf, &namelen);
-	strbuf_add(&namemailbuf, namebuf, namelen);
-
+	strbuf_add(out, namebuf, namelen);
 	if (log->email)
-		strbuf_addf(&namemailbuf, " <%.*s>", (int)maillen, mailbuf);
-
-	item = string_list_insert(&log->list, namemailbuf.buf);
-	if (item->util == NULL)
-		item->util = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
-
-	/* Skip any leading whitespace, including any blank lines. */
-	while (*oneline && isspace(*oneline))
-		oneline++;
-	eol = strchr(oneline, '\n');
-	if (!eol)
-		eol = oneline + strlen(oneline);
-	if (starts_with(oneline, "[PATCH")) {
-		char *eob = strchr(oneline, ']');
-		if (eob && (!eol || eob < eol))
-			oneline = eob + 1;
-	}
-	while (*oneline && isspace(*oneline) && *oneline != '\n')
-		oneline++;
-	format_subject(&subject, oneline, " ");
-	buffer = strbuf_detach(&subject, NULL);
-
-	if (dot3) {
-		int dot3len = strlen(dot3);
-		if (dot3len > 5) {
-			while ((p = strstr(buffer, dot3)) != NULL) {
-				int taillen = strlen(p) - dot3len;
-				memcpy(p, "/.../", 5);
-				memmove(p + 5, p + dot3len, taillen + 1);
-			}
-		}
-	}
+		strbuf_addf(out, " <%.*s>", (int)maillen, mailbuf);
 
-	string_list_append(item->util, buffer);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static void read_from_stdin(struct shortlog *log)
 {
-	char author[1024], oneline[1024];
-
-	while (fgets(author, sizeof(author), stdin) != NULL) {
-		if (!(author[0] == 'A' || author[0] == 'a') ||
-		    !starts_with(author + 1, "uthor: "))
+	struct strbuf author = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf mapped_author = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf oneline = STRBUF_INIT;
+	static const char *author_match[2] = { "Author: ", "author " };
+	static const char *committer_match[2] = { "Commit: ", "committer " };
+	const char **match;
+
+	match = log->committer ? committer_match : author_match;
+	while (strbuf_getline_lf(&author, stdin) != EOF) {
+		const char *v;
+		if (!skip_prefix(author.buf, match[0], &v) &&
+		    !skip_prefix(author.buf, match[1], &v))
 			continue;
-		while (fgets(oneline, sizeof(oneline), stdin) &&
-		       oneline[0] != '\n')
+		while (strbuf_getline_lf(&oneline, stdin) != EOF &&
+		       oneline.len)
 			; /* discard headers */
-		while (fgets(oneline, sizeof(oneline), stdin) &&
-		       oneline[0] == '\n')
+		while (strbuf_getline_lf(&oneline, stdin) != EOF &&
+		       !oneline.len)
 			; /* discard blanks */
-		insert_one_record(log, author + 8, oneline);
+
+		strbuf_reset(&mapped_author);
+		if (parse_stdin_author(log, &mapped_author, v) < 0)
+			continue;
+
+		insert_one_record(log, mapped_author.buf, oneline.buf);
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&author);
+	strbuf_release(&mapped_author);
+	strbuf_release(&oneline);
 }
 
 void shortlog_add_commit(struct shortlog *log, struct commit *commit)
 {
-	const char *author = NULL, *buffer;
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf ufbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	pp_commit_easy(CMIT_FMT_RAW, commit, &buf);
-	buffer = buf.buf;
-	while (*buffer && *buffer != '\n') {
-		const char *eol = strchr(buffer, '\n');
-
-		if (eol == NULL)
-			eol = buffer + strlen(buffer);
+	struct strbuf author = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf oneline = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+	const char *fmt;
+
+	ctx.fmt = CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT;
+	ctx.abbrev = log->abbrev;
+	ctx.print_email_subject = 1;
+	ctx.date_mode.type = DATE_NORMAL;
+	ctx.output_encoding = get_log_output_encoding();
+
+	fmt = log->committer ?
+		(log->email ? "%cN <%cE>" : "%cN") :
+		(log->email ? "%aN <%aE>" : "%aN");
+
+	format_commit_message(commit, fmt, &author, &ctx);
+	if (!log->summary) {
+		if (log->user_format)
+			pretty_print_commit(&ctx, commit, &oneline);
 		else
-			eol++;
-
-		if (starts_with(buffer, "author "))
-			author = buffer + 7;
-		buffer = eol;
-	}
-	if (!author) {
-		warning(_("Missing author: %s"),
-		    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-		return;
-	}
-	if (log->user_format) {
-		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
-		ctx.fmt = CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT;
-		ctx.abbrev = log->abbrev;
-		ctx.subject = "";
-		ctx.after_subject = "";
-		ctx.date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
-		ctx.output_encoding = get_log_output_encoding();
-		pretty_print_commit(&ctx, commit, &ufbuf);
-		buffer = ufbuf.buf;
-	} else if (*buffer) {
-		buffer++;
+			format_commit_message(commit, "%s", &oneline, &ctx);
 	}
-	insert_one_record(log, author, !*buffer ? "<none>" : buffer);
-	strbuf_release(&ufbuf);
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	insert_one_record(log, author.buf, oneline.len ? oneline.buf : "<none>");
+
+	strbuf_release(&author);
+	strbuf_release(&oneline);
 }
 
 static void get_from_rev(struct rev_info *rev, struct shortlog *log)
@@ -221,19 +255,22 @@ void shortlog_init(struct shortlog *log)
 
 int cmd_shortlog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	static struct shortlog log;
-	static struct rev_info rev;
+	struct shortlog log = { STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP };
+	struct rev_info rev;
 	int nongit = !startup_info->have_repository;
 
-	static const struct option options[] = {
+	const struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOL('c', "committer", &log.committer,
+			 N_("Group by committer rather than author")),
 		OPT_BOOL('n', "numbered", &log.sort_by_number,
 			 N_("sort output according to the number of commits per author")),
 		OPT_BOOL('s', "summary", &log.summary,
 			 N_("Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count")),
 		OPT_BOOL('e', "email", &log.email,
 			 N_("Show the email address of each author")),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'w', NULL, &log, N_("w[,i1[,i2]]"),
-			N_("Linewrap output"), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, &parse_wrap_args },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'w', NULL, &log, N_("<w>[,<i1>[,<i2>]]"),
+			N_("Linewrap output"), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG,
+			&parse_wrap_args },
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
@@ -248,6 +285,7 @@ int cmd_shortlog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	for (;;) {
 		switch (parse_options_step(&ctx, options, shortlog_usage)) {
 		case PARSE_OPT_HELP:
+		case PARSE_OPT_ERROR:
 			exit(129);
 		case PARSE_OPT_DONE:
 			goto parse_done;
@@ -257,6 +295,11 @@ int cmd_shortlog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 parse_done:
 	argc = parse_options_end(&ctx);
 
+	if (nongit && argc > 1) {
+		error(_("too many arguments given outside repository"));
+		usage_with_options(shortlog_usage, options);
+	}
+
 	if (setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL) != 1) {
 		error(_("unrecognized argument: %s"), argv[1]);
 		usage_with_options(shortlog_usage, options);
@@ -264,6 +307,7 @@ parse_done:
 
 	log.user_format = rev.commit_format == CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT;
 	log.abbrev = rev.abbrev;
+	log.file = rev.diffopt.file;
 
 	/* assume HEAD if from a tty */
 	if (!nongit && !rev.pending.nr && isatty(0))
@@ -277,6 +321,8 @@ parse_done:
 		get_from_rev(&rev, &log);
 
 	shortlog_output(&log);
+	if (log.file != stdout)
+		fclose(log.file);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -293,32 +339,34 @@ void shortlog_output(struct shortlog *log)
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (log->sort_by_number)
-		qsort(log->list.items, log->list.nr, sizeof(struct string_list_item),
-			compare_by_number);
+		QSORT(log->list.items, log->list.nr,
+		      log->summary ? compare_by_counter : compare_by_list);
 	for (i = 0; i < log->list.nr; i++) {
-		struct string_list *onelines = log->list.items[i].util;
-
+		const struct string_list_item *item = &log->list.items[i];
 		if (log->summary) {
-			printf("%6d\t%s\n", onelines->nr, log->list.items[i].string);
+			fprintf(log->file, "%6d\t%s\n",
+				(int)UTIL_TO_INT(item), item->string);
 		} else {
-			printf("%s (%d):\n", log->list.items[i].string, onelines->nr);
+			struct string_list *onelines = item->util;
+			fprintf(log->file, "%s (%d):\n",
+				item->string, onelines->nr);
 			for (j = onelines->nr - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
 				const char *msg = onelines->items[j].string;
 
 				if (log->wrap_lines) {
 					strbuf_reset(&sb);
 					add_wrapped_shortlog_msg(&sb, msg, log);
-					fwrite(sb.buf, sb.len, 1, stdout);
+					fwrite(sb.buf, sb.len, 1, log->file);
 				}
 				else
-					printf("      %s\n", msg);
+					fprintf(log->file, "      %s\n", msg);
 			}
-			putchar('\n');
+			putc('\n', log->file);
+			onelines->strdup_strings = 1;
+			string_list_clear(onelines, 0);
+			free(onelines);
 		}
 
-		onelines->strdup_strings = 1;
-		string_list_clear(onelines, 0);
-		free(onelines);
 		log->list.items[i].util = NULL;
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin/show-branch.c b/builtin/show-branch.c
index f3fb5fb2bf..363cf8509a 100644
--- a/builtin/show-branch.c
+++ b/builtin/show-branch.c
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "commit.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "pretty.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "color.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "commit-slab.h"
 
 static const char* show_branch_usage[] = {
     N_("git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
@@ -16,10 +20,13 @@ static const char* show_branch_usage[] = {
 
 static int showbranch_use_color = -1;
 
-static int default_num;
-static int default_alloc;
-static const char **default_arg;
+static struct argv_array default_args = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 
+/*
+ * TODO: convert this use of commit->object.flags to commit-slab
+ * instead to store a pointer to ref name directly. Then use the same
+ * UNINTERESTING definition from revision.h here.
+ */
 #define UNINTERESTING	01
 
 #define REV_SHIFT	 2
@@ -53,31 +60,32 @@ static struct commit *interesting(struct commit_list *list)
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static struct commit *pop_one_commit(struct commit_list **list_p)
-{
-	struct commit *commit;
-	struct commit_list *list;
-	list = *list_p;
-	commit = list->item;
-	*list_p = list->next;
-	free(list);
-	return commit;
-}
-
 struct commit_name {
 	const char *head_name; /* which head's ancestor? */
 	int generation; /* how many parents away from head_name */
 };
 
+define_commit_slab(commit_name_slab, struct commit_name *);
+static struct commit_name_slab name_slab;
+
+static struct commit_name *commit_to_name(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	return *commit_name_slab_at(&name_slab, commit);
+}
+
+
 /* Name the commit as nth generation ancestor of head_name;
  * we count only the first-parent relationship for naming purposes.
  */
 static void name_commit(struct commit *commit, const char *head_name, int nth)
 {
 	struct commit_name *name;
-	if (!commit->util)
-		commit->util = xmalloc(sizeof(struct commit_name));
-	name = commit->util;
+
+	name = *commit_name_slab_at(&name_slab, commit);
+	if (!name) {
+		name = xmalloc(sizeof(*name));
+		*commit_name_slab_at(&name_slab, commit) = name;
+	}
 	name->head_name = head_name;
 	name->generation = nth;
 }
@@ -89,8 +97,8 @@ static void name_commit(struct commit *commit, const char *head_name, int nth)
  */
 static void name_parent(struct commit *commit, struct commit *parent)
 {
-	struct commit_name *commit_name = commit->util;
-	struct commit_name *parent_name = parent->util;
+	struct commit_name *commit_name = commit_to_name(commit);
+	struct commit_name *parent_name = commit_to_name(parent);
 	if (!commit_name)
 		return;
 	if (!parent_name ||
@@ -104,12 +112,12 @@ static int name_first_parent_chain(struct commit *c)
 	int i = 0;
 	while (c) {
 		struct commit *p;
-		if (!c->util)
+		if (!commit_to_name(c))
 			break;
 		if (!c->parents)
 			break;
 		p = c->parents->item;
-		if (!p->util) {
+		if (!commit_to_name(p)) {
 			name_parent(c, p);
 			i++;
 		}
@@ -132,7 +140,7 @@ static void name_commits(struct commit_list *list,
 	/* First give names to the given heads */
 	for (cl = list; cl; cl = cl->next) {
 		c = cl->item;
-		if (c->util)
+		if (commit_to_name(c))
 			continue;
 		for (i = 0; i < num_rev; i++) {
 			if (rev[i] == c) {
@@ -158,9 +166,9 @@ static void name_commits(struct commit_list *list,
 			struct commit_name *n;
 			int nth;
 			c = cl->item;
-			if (!c->util)
+			if (!commit_to_name(c))
 				continue;
-			n = c->util;
+			n = commit_to_name(c);
 			parents = c->parents;
 			nth = 0;
 			while (parents) {
@@ -168,7 +176,7 @@ static void name_commits(struct commit_list *list,
 				struct strbuf newname = STRBUF_INIT;
 				parents = parents->next;
 				nth++;
-				if (p->util)
+				if (commit_to_name(p))
 					continue;
 				switch (n->generation) {
 				case 0:
@@ -213,7 +221,7 @@ static void join_revs(struct commit_list **list_p,
 	while (*list_p) {
 		struct commit_list *parents;
 		int still_interesting = !!interesting(*list_p);
-		struct commit *commit = pop_one_commit(list_p);
+		struct commit *commit = pop_commit(list_p);
 		int flags = commit->object.flags & all_mask;
 
 		if (!still_interesting && extra <= 0)
@@ -281,14 +289,13 @@ static void show_one_commit(struct commit *commit, int no_name)
 {
 	struct strbuf pretty = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *pretty_str = "(unavailable)";
-	struct commit_name *name = commit->util;
+	struct commit_name *name = commit_to_name(commit);
 
 	if (commit->object.parsed) {
 		pp_commit_easy(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit, &pretty);
 		pretty_str = pretty.buf;
 	}
-	if (starts_with(pretty_str, "[PATCH] "))
-		pretty_str += 8;
+	skip_prefix(pretty_str, "[PATCH] ", &pretty_str);
 
 	if (!no_name) {
 		if (name && name->head_name) {
@@ -303,7 +310,7 @@ static void show_one_commit(struct commit *commit, int no_name)
 		}
 		else
 			printf("[%s] ",
-			       find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1,
+			       find_unique_abbrev(&commit->object.oid,
 						  DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 	}
 	puts(pretty_str);
@@ -365,14 +372,14 @@ static int compare_ref_name(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 
 static void sort_ref_range(int bottom, int top)
 {
-	qsort(ref_name + bottom, top - bottom, sizeof(ref_name[0]),
-	      compare_ref_name);
+	QSORT(ref_name + bottom, top - bottom, compare_ref_name);
 }
 
-static int append_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int append_ref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
 		      int allow_dups)
 {
-	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository,
+							       oid, 1);
 	int i;
 
 	if (!commit)
@@ -385,8 +392,9 @@ static int append_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
 				return 0;
 	}
 	if (MAX_REVS <= ref_name_cnt) {
-		warning("ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d refs",
-			refname, MAX_REVS);
+		warning(Q_("ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d ref",
+			   "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d refs",
+			   MAX_REVS), refname, MAX_REVS);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	ref_name[ref_name_cnt++] = xstrdup(refname);
@@ -394,100 +402,94 @@ static int append_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int append_head_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int append_head_ref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+			   int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
-	unsigned char tmp[20];
+	struct object_id tmp;
 	int ofs = 11;
 	if (!starts_with(refname, "refs/heads/"))
 		return 0;
 	/* If both heads/foo and tags/foo exists, get_sha1 would
 	 * get confused.
 	 */
-	if (get_sha1(refname + ofs, tmp) || hashcmp(tmp, sha1))
+	if (get_oid(refname + ofs, &tmp) || oidcmp(&tmp, oid))
 		ofs = 5;
-	return append_ref(refname + ofs, sha1, 0);
+	return append_ref(refname + ofs, oid, 0);
 }
 
-static int append_remote_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int append_remote_ref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+			     int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
-	unsigned char tmp[20];
+	struct object_id tmp;
 	int ofs = 13;
 	if (!starts_with(refname, "refs/remotes/"))
 		return 0;
 	/* If both heads/foo and tags/foo exists, get_sha1 would
 	 * get confused.
 	 */
-	if (get_sha1(refname + ofs, tmp) || hashcmp(tmp, sha1))
+	if (get_oid(refname + ofs, &tmp) || oidcmp(&tmp, oid))
 		ofs = 5;
-	return append_ref(refname + ofs, sha1, 0);
+	return append_ref(refname + ofs, oid, 0);
 }
 
-static int append_tag_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int append_tag_ref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+			  int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	if (!starts_with(refname, "refs/tags/"))
 		return 0;
-	return append_ref(refname + 5, sha1, 0);
+	return append_ref(refname + 5, oid, 0);
 }
 
 static const char *match_ref_pattern = NULL;
 static int match_ref_slash = 0;
-static int count_slash(const char *s)
-{
-	int cnt = 0;
-	while (*s)
-		if (*s++ == '/')
-			cnt++;
-	return cnt;
-}
 
-static int append_matching_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int append_matching_ref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+			       int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	/* we want to allow pattern hold/<asterisk> to show all
 	 * branches under refs/heads/hold/, and v0.99.9? to show
 	 * refs/tags/v0.99.9a and friends.
 	 */
 	const char *tail;
-	int slash = count_slash(refname);
+	int slash = count_slashes(refname);
 	for (tail = refname; *tail && match_ref_slash < slash; )
 		if (*tail++ == '/')
 			slash--;
 	if (!*tail)
 		return 0;
-	if (wildmatch(match_ref_pattern, tail, 0, NULL))
+	if (wildmatch(match_ref_pattern, tail, 0))
 		return 0;
 	if (starts_with(refname, "refs/heads/"))
-		return append_head_ref(refname, sha1, flag, cb_data);
+		return append_head_ref(refname, oid, flag, cb_data);
 	if (starts_with(refname, "refs/tags/"))
-		return append_tag_ref(refname, sha1, flag, cb_data);
-	return append_ref(refname, sha1, 0);
+		return append_tag_ref(refname, oid, flag, cb_data);
+	return append_ref(refname, oid, 0);
 }
 
 static void snarf_refs(int head, int remotes)
 {
 	if (head) {
 		int orig_cnt = ref_name_cnt;
+
 		for_each_ref(append_head_ref, NULL);
 		sort_ref_range(orig_cnt, ref_name_cnt);
 	}
 	if (remotes) {
 		int orig_cnt = ref_name_cnt;
+
 		for_each_ref(append_remote_ref, NULL);
 		sort_ref_range(orig_cnt, ref_name_cnt);
 	}
 }
 
-static int rev_is_head(char *head, int headlen, char *name,
+static int rev_is_head(const char *head, const char *name,
 		       unsigned char *head_sha1, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	if ((!head[0]) ||
-	    (head_sha1 && sha1 && hashcmp(head_sha1, sha1)))
+	if (!head || (head_sha1 && sha1 && hashcmp(head_sha1, sha1)))
 		return 0;
-	if (starts_with(head, "refs/heads/"))
-		head += 11;
-	if (starts_with(name, "refs/heads/"))
-		name += 11;
-	else if (starts_with(name, "heads/"))
-		name += 6;
+	skip_prefix(head, "refs/heads/", &head);
+	if (!skip_prefix(name, "refs/heads/", &name))
+		skip_prefix(name, "heads/", &name);
 	return !strcmp(head, name);
 }
 
@@ -498,11 +500,11 @@ static int show_merge_base(struct commit_list *seen, int num_rev)
 	int exit_status = 1;
 
 	while (seen) {
-		struct commit *commit = pop_one_commit(&seen);
+		struct commit *commit = pop_commit(&seen);
 		int flags = commit->object.flags & all_mask;
 		if (!(flags & UNINTERESTING) &&
 		    ((flags & all_revs) == all_revs)) {
-			puts(sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+			puts(oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 			exit_status = 0;
 			commit->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
 		}
@@ -522,7 +524,7 @@ static int show_independent(struct commit **rev,
 		unsigned int flag = rev_mask[i];
 
 		if (commit->object.flags == flag)
-			puts(sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+			puts(oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 		commit->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -530,22 +532,22 @@ static int show_independent(struct commit **rev,
 
 static void append_one_rev(const char *av)
 {
-	unsigned char revkey[20];
-	if (!get_sha1(av, revkey)) {
-		append_ref(av, revkey, 0);
+	struct object_id revkey;
+	if (!get_oid(av, &revkey)) {
+		append_ref(av, &revkey, 0);
 		return;
 	}
 	if (strchr(av, '*') || strchr(av, '?') || strchr(av, '[')) {
 		/* glob style match */
 		int saved_matches = ref_name_cnt;
+
 		match_ref_pattern = av;
-		match_ref_slash = count_slash(av);
+		match_ref_slash = count_slashes(av);
 		for_each_ref(append_matching_ref, NULL);
 		if (saved_matches == ref_name_cnt &&
 		    ref_name_cnt < MAX_REVS)
-			error("no matching refs with %s", av);
-		if (saved_matches + 1 < ref_name_cnt)
-			sort_ref_range(saved_matches, ref_name_cnt);
+			error(_("no matching refs with %s"), av);
+		sort_ref_range(saved_matches, ref_name_cnt);
 		return;
 	}
 	die("bad sha1 reference %s", av);
@@ -560,16 +562,9 @@ static int git_show_branch_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		 * default_arg is now passed to parse_options(), so we need to
 		 * mimic the real argv a bit better.
 		 */
-		if (!default_num) {
-			default_alloc = 20;
-			default_arg = xcalloc(default_alloc, sizeof(*default_arg));
-			default_arg[default_num++] = "show-branch";
-		} else if (default_alloc <= default_num + 1) {
-			default_alloc = default_alloc * 3 / 2 + 20;
-			REALLOC_ARRAY(default_arg, default_alloc);
-		}
-		default_arg[default_num++] = xstrdup(value);
-		default_arg[default_num] = NULL;
+		if (!default_args.argc)
+			argv_array_push(&default_args, "show-branch");
+		argv_array_push(&default_args, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -633,10 +628,8 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 	int all_heads = 0, all_remotes = 0;
 	int all_mask, all_revs;
 	enum rev_sort_order sort_order = REV_SORT_IN_GRAPH_ORDER;
-	char head[128];
-	const char *head_p;
-	int head_len;
-	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
+	char *head;
+	struct object_id head_oid;
 	int merge_base = 0;
 	int independent = 0;
 	int no_name = 0;
@@ -681,17 +674,19 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'g', "reflog", &reflog_base, N_("<n>[,<base>]"),
 			    N_("show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at "
 			       "base"),
-			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP,
+			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG,
 			    parse_reflog_param },
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
+	init_commit_name_slab(&name_slab);
+
 	git_config(git_show_branch_config, NULL);
 
 	/* If nothing is specified, try the default first */
-	if (ac == 1 && default_num) {
-		ac = default_num;
-		av = default_arg;
+	if (ac == 1 && default_args.argc) {
+		ac = default_args.argc;
+		av = default_args.argv;
 	}
 
 	ac = parse_options(ac, av, prefix, builtin_show_branch_options,
@@ -713,17 +708,16 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 			 *
 			 * Also --all and --remotes do not make sense either.
 			 */
-			die("--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, "
-			    "--independent or --merge-base");
+			die(_("--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, "
+			      "--independent or --merge-base"));
 	}
 
 	/* If nothing is specified, show all branches by default */
-	if (ac + all_heads + all_remotes == 0)
+	if (ac <= topics && all_heads + all_remotes == 0)
 		all_heads = 1;
 
 	if (reflog) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		char nth_desc[256];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		char *ref;
 		int base = 0;
 		unsigned int flags = 0;
@@ -732,20 +726,23 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 			static const char *fake_av[2];
 
 			fake_av[0] = resolve_refdup("HEAD",
-						    RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-						    sha1, NULL);
+						    RESOLVE_REF_READING, &oid,
+						    NULL);
 			fake_av[1] = NULL;
 			av = fake_av;
 			ac = 1;
+			if (!*av)
+				die(_("no branches given, and HEAD is not valid"));
 		}
 		if (ac != 1)
-			die("--reflog option needs one branch name");
+			die(_("--reflog option needs one branch name"));
 
 		if (MAX_REVS < reflog)
-			die("Only %d entries can be shown at one time.",
-			    MAX_REVS);
-		if (!dwim_ref(*av, strlen(*av), sha1, &ref))
-			die("No such ref %s", *av);
+			die(Q_("only %d entry can be shown at one time.",
+			       "only %d entries can be shown at one time.",
+			       MAX_REVS), MAX_REVS);
+		if (!dwim_ref(*av, strlen(*av), &oid, &ref))
+			die(_("no such ref %s"), *av);
 
 		/* Has the base been specified? */
 		if (reflog_base) {
@@ -753,20 +750,21 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 			base = strtoul(reflog_base, &ep, 10);
 			if (*ep) {
 				/* Ah, that is a date spec... */
-				unsigned long at;
+				timestamp_t at;
 				at = approxidate(reflog_base);
-				read_ref_at(ref, flags, at, -1, sha1, NULL,
+				read_ref_at(ref, flags, at, -1, &oid, NULL,
 					    NULL, NULL, &base);
 			}
 		}
 
 		for (i = 0; i < reflog; i++) {
 			char *logmsg;
+			char *nth_desc;
 			const char *msg;
-			unsigned long timestamp;
+			timestamp_t timestamp;
 			int tz;
 
-			if (read_ref_at(ref, flags, 0, base+i, sha1, &logmsg,
+			if (read_ref_at(ref, flags, 0, base + i, &oid, &logmsg,
 					&timestamp, &tz, NULL)) {
 				reflog = i;
 				break;
@@ -777,49 +775,44 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 			else
 				msg++;
 			reflog_msg[i] = xstrfmt("(%s) %s",
-						show_date(timestamp, tz, 1),
+						show_date(timestamp, tz,
+							  DATE_MODE(RELATIVE)),
 						msg);
 			free(logmsg);
-			sprintf(nth_desc, "%s@{%d}", *av, base+i);
-			append_ref(nth_desc, sha1, 1);
+
+			nth_desc = xstrfmt("%s@{%d}", *av, base+i);
+			append_ref(nth_desc, &oid, 1);
+			free(nth_desc);
 		}
 		free(ref);
 	}
-	else if (all_heads + all_remotes)
-		snarf_refs(all_heads, all_remotes);
 	else {
 		while (0 < ac) {
 			append_one_rev(*av);
 			ac--; av++;
 		}
+		if (all_heads + all_remotes)
+			snarf_refs(all_heads, all_remotes);
 	}
 
-	head_p = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-				    head_sha1, NULL);
-	if (head_p) {
-		head_len = strlen(head_p);
-		memcpy(head, head_p, head_len + 1);
-	}
-	else {
-		head_len = 0;
-		head[0] = 0;
-	}
+	head = resolve_refdup("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING,
+			      &head_oid, NULL);
 
-	if (with_current_branch && head_p) {
+	if (with_current_branch && head) {
 		int has_head = 0;
 		for (i = 0; !has_head && i < ref_name_cnt; i++) {
 			/* We are only interested in adding the branch
 			 * HEAD points at.
 			 */
 			if (rev_is_head(head,
-					head_len,
 					ref_name[i],
-					head_sha1, NULL))
+					head_oid.hash, NULL))
 				has_head++;
 		}
 		if (!has_head) {
-			int offset = starts_with(head, "refs/heads/") ? 11 : 0;
-			append_one_rev(head + offset);
+			const char *name = head;
+			skip_prefix(name, "refs/heads/", &name);
+			append_one_rev(name);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -829,17 +822,19 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	for (num_rev = 0; ref_name[num_rev]; num_rev++) {
-		unsigned char revkey[20];
+		struct object_id revkey;
 		unsigned int flag = 1u << (num_rev + REV_SHIFT);
 
 		if (MAX_REVS <= num_rev)
-			die("cannot handle more than %d revs.", MAX_REVS);
-		if (get_sha1(ref_name[num_rev], revkey))
-			die("'%s' is not a valid ref.", ref_name[num_rev]);
-		commit = lookup_commit_reference(revkey);
+			die(Q_("cannot handle more than %d rev.",
+			       "cannot handle more than %d revs.",
+			       MAX_REVS), MAX_REVS);
+		if (get_oid(ref_name[num_rev], &revkey))
+			die(_("'%s' is not a valid ref."), ref_name[num_rev]);
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &revkey);
 		if (!commit)
-			die("cannot find commit %s (%s)",
-			    ref_name[num_rev], revkey);
+			die(_("cannot find commit %s (%s)"),
+			    ref_name[num_rev], oid_to_hex(&revkey));
 		parse_commit(commit);
 		mark_seen(commit, &seen);
 
@@ -871,10 +866,9 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 		for (i = 0; i < num_rev; i++) {
 			int j;
 			int is_head = rev_is_head(head,
-						  head_len,
 						  ref_name[i],
-						  head_sha1,
-						  rev[i]->object.sha1);
+						  head_oid.hash,
+						  rev[i]->object.oid.hash);
 			if (extra < 0)
 				printf("%c [%s] ",
 				       is_head ? '*' : ' ', ref_name[i]);
@@ -917,7 +911,7 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 	all_revs = all_mask & ~((1u << REV_SHIFT) - 1);
 
 	while (seen) {
-		struct commit *commit = pop_one_commit(&seen);
+		struct commit *commit = pop_commit(&seen);
 		int this_flag = commit->object.flags;
 		int is_merge_point = ((this_flag & all_revs) == all_revs);
 
diff --git a/show-index.c b/builtin/show-index.c
index 5a9eed7fd8..a6e678809e 100644
--- a/show-index.c
+++ b/builtin/show-index.c
@@ -1,18 +1,17 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 
 static const char show_index_usage[] =
-"git show-index < <packed archive index>";
+"git show-index";
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd_show_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i;
 	unsigned nr;
 	unsigned int version;
 	static unsigned int top_index[256];
 
-	git_setup_gettext();
-
 	if (argc != 1)
 		usage(show_index_usage);
 	if (fread(top_index, 2 * 4, 1, stdin) != 1)
@@ -50,7 +49,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			unsigned char sha1[20];
 			uint32_t crc;
 			uint32_t off;
-		} *entries = xmalloc(nr * sizeof(entries[0]));
+		} *entries;
+		ALLOC_ARRAY(entries, nr);
 		for (i = 0; i < nr; i++)
 			if (fread(entries[i].sha1, 20, 1, stdin) != 1)
 				die("unable to read sha1 %u/%u", i, nr);
diff --git a/builtin/show-ref.c b/builtin/show-ref.c
index afb10309d6..2f13f1316f 100644
--- a/builtin/show-ref.c
+++ b/builtin/show-ref.c
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
@@ -8,7 +9,7 @@
 
 static const char * const show_ref_usage[] = {
 	N_("git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<pattern>...]"),
-	N_("git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list"),
+	N_("git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<pattern>]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -17,20 +18,36 @@ static int deref_tags, show_head, tags_only, heads_only, found_match, verify,
 static const char **pattern;
 static const char *exclude_existing_arg;
 
-static void show_one(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1)
+static void show_one(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	const char *hex = find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev);
+	const char *hex;
+	struct object_id peeled;
+
+	if (!has_sha1_file(oid->hash))
+		die("git show-ref: bad ref %s (%s)", refname,
+		    oid_to_hex(oid));
+
+	if (quiet)
+		return;
+
+	hex = find_unique_abbrev(oid, abbrev);
 	if (hash_only)
 		printf("%s\n", hex);
 	else
 		printf("%s %s\n", hex, refname);
+
+	if (!deref_tags)
+		return;
+
+	if (!peel_ref(refname, &peeled)) {
+		hex = find_unique_abbrev(&peeled, abbrev);
+		printf("%s %s^{}\n", hex, refname);
+	}
 }
 
-static int show_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cbdata)
+static int show_ref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+		    int flag, void *cbdata)
 {
-	const char *hex;
-	unsigned char peeled[20];
-
 	if (show_head && !strcmp(refname, "HEAD"))
 		goto match;
 
@@ -53,9 +70,6 @@ static int show_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, vo
 				continue;
 			if (len == reflen)
 				goto match;
-			/* "--verify" requires an exact match */
-			if (verify)
-				continue;
 			if (refname[reflen - len - 1] == '/')
 				goto match;
 		}
@@ -65,30 +79,13 @@ static int show_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, vo
 match:
 	found_match++;
 
-	/* This changes the semantics slightly that even under quiet we
-	 * detect and return error if the repository is corrupt and
-	 * ref points at a nonexistent object.
-	 */
-	if (!has_sha1_file(sha1))
-		die("git show-ref: bad ref %s (%s)", refname,
-		    sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-
-	if (quiet)
-		return 0;
-
-	show_one(refname, sha1);
-
-	if (!deref_tags)
-		return 0;
+	show_one(refname, oid);
 
-	if (!peel_ref(refname, peeled)) {
-		hex = find_unique_abbrev(peeled, abbrev);
-		printf("%s %s^{}\n", hex, refname);
-	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int add_existing(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cbdata)
+static int add_existing(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+			int flag, void *cbdata)
 {
 	struct string_list *list = (struct string_list *)cbdata;
 	string_list_insert(list, refname);
@@ -159,11 +156,6 @@ static int exclude_existing_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int help_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	return -1;
-}
-
 static const struct option show_ref_options[] = {
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "tags", &tags_only, N_("only show tags (can be combined with heads)")),
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "heads", &heads_only, N_("only show heads (can be combined with tags)")),
@@ -184,18 +176,13 @@ static const struct option show_ref_options[] = {
 	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude-existing", &exclude_existing_arg,
 	  N_("pattern"), N_("show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"),
 	  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, exclude_existing_callback },
-	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "help-all", NULL, NULL, N_("show usage"),
-	  PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOARG, help_callback },
 	OPT_END()
 };
 
 int cmd_show_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
-		usage_with_options(show_ref_usage, show_ref_options);
-
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, show_ref_options,
-			     show_ref_usage, PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP);
+			     show_ref_usage, 0);
 
 	if (exclude_arg)
 		return exclude_existing(exclude_existing_arg);
@@ -208,12 +195,11 @@ int cmd_show_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (!pattern)
 			die("--verify requires a reference");
 		while (*pattern) {
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
+			struct object_id oid;
 
-			if (starts_with(*pattern, "refs/") &&
-			    !read_ref(*pattern, sha1)) {
-				if (!quiet)
-					show_one(*pattern, sha1);
+			if ((starts_with(*pattern, "refs/") || !strcmp(*pattern, "HEAD")) &&
+			    !read_ref(*pattern, &oid)) {
+				show_one(*pattern, &oid);
 			}
 			else if (!quiet)
 				die("'%s' - not a valid ref", *pattern);
diff --git a/builtin/stripspace.c b/builtin/stripspace.c
index 1259ed708b..bdf0328869 100644
--- a/builtin/stripspace.c
+++ b/builtin/stripspace.c
@@ -1,71 +1,8 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
-
-/*
- * Returns the length of a line, without trailing spaces.
- *
- * If the line ends with newline, it will be removed too.
- */
-static size_t cleanup(char *line, size_t len)
-{
-	while (len) {
-		unsigned char c = line[len - 1];
-		if (!isspace(c))
-			break;
-		len--;
-	}
-
-	return len;
-}
-
-/*
- * Remove empty lines from the beginning and end
- * and also trailing spaces from every line.
- *
- * Turn multiple consecutive empty lines between paragraphs
- * into just one empty line.
- *
- * If the input has only empty lines and spaces,
- * no output will be produced.
- *
- * If last line does not have a newline at the end, one is added.
- *
- * Enable skip_comments to skip every line starting with comment
- * character.
- */
-void stripspace(struct strbuf *sb, int skip_comments)
-{
-	int empties = 0;
-	size_t i, j, len, newlen;
-	char *eol;
-
-	/* We may have to add a newline. */
-	strbuf_grow(sb, 1);
-
-	for (i = j = 0; i < sb->len; i += len, j += newlen) {
-		eol = memchr(sb->buf + i, '\n', sb->len - i);
-		len = eol ? eol - (sb->buf + i) + 1 : sb->len - i;
-
-		if (skip_comments && len && sb->buf[i] == comment_line_char) {
-			newlen = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		newlen = cleanup(sb->buf + i, len);
-
-		/* Not just an empty line? */
-		if (newlen) {
-			if (empties > 0 && j > 0)
-				sb->buf[j++] = '\n';
-			empties = 0;
-			memmove(sb->buf + j, sb->buf + i, newlen);
-			sb->buf[newlen + j++] = '\n';
-		} else {
-			empties++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	strbuf_setlen(sb, j);
-}
+#include "config.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
 
 static void comment_lines(struct strbuf *buf)
 {
@@ -77,41 +14,47 @@ static void comment_lines(struct strbuf *buf)
 	free(msg);
 }
 
-static const char *usage_msg = "\n"
-"  git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments] < input\n"
-"  git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines] < input";
+static const char * const stripspace_usage[] = {
+	N_("git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"),
+	N_("git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"),
+	NULL
+};
+
+enum stripspace_mode {
+	STRIP_DEFAULT = 0,
+	STRIP_COMMENTS,
+	COMMENT_LINES
+};
 
 int cmd_stripspace(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int strip_comments = 0;
-	enum { INVAL = 0, STRIP_SPACE = 1, COMMENT_LINES = 2 } mode = STRIP_SPACE;
-
-	if (argc == 2) {
-		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-s") ||
-		    !strcmp(argv[1], "--strip-comments")) {
-			strip_comments = 1;
-		} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-c") ||
-			   !strcmp(argv[1], "--comment-lines")) {
-			mode = COMMENT_LINES;
-		} else {
-			mode = INVAL;
-		}
-	} else if (argc > 1) {
-		mode = INVAL;
-	}
-
-	if (mode == INVAL)
-		usage(usage_msg);
-
-	if (strip_comments || mode == COMMENT_LINES)
+	enum stripspace_mode mode = STRIP_DEFAULT;
+
+	const struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_CMDMODE('s', "strip-comments", &mode,
+			    N_("skip and remove all lines starting with comment character"),
+			    STRIP_COMMENTS),
+		OPT_CMDMODE('c', "comment-lines", &mode,
+			    N_("prepend comment character and space to each line"),
+			    COMMENT_LINES),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, stripspace_usage, 0);
+	if (argc)
+		usage_with_options(stripspace_usage, options);
+
+	if (mode == STRIP_COMMENTS || mode == COMMENT_LINES) {
+		setup_git_directory_gently(NULL);
 		git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	}
 
 	if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 1024) < 0)
 		die_errno("could not read the input");
 
-	if (mode == STRIP_SPACE)
-		stripspace(&buf, strip_comments);
+	if (mode == STRIP_DEFAULT || mode == STRIP_COMMENTS)
+		strbuf_stripspace(&buf, mode == STRIP_COMMENTS);
 	else
 		comment_lines(&buf);
 
diff --git a/builtin/submodule--helper.c b/builtin/submodule--helper.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2bcc70fdfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin/submodule--helper.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2079 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "pathspec.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "refspec.h"
+#include "connect.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "diffcore.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+
+#define OPT_QUIET (1 << 0)
+#define OPT_CACHED (1 << 1)
+#define OPT_RECURSIVE (1 << 2)
+#define OPT_FORCE (1 << 3)
+
+typedef void (*each_submodule_fn)(const struct cache_entry *list_item,
+				  void *cb_data);
+
+static char *get_default_remote(void)
+{
+	char *dest = NULL, *ret;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *refname = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", 0, NULL, NULL);
+
+	if (!refname)
+		die(_("No such ref: %s"), "HEAD");
+
+	/* detached HEAD */
+	if (!strcmp(refname, "HEAD"))
+		return xstrdup("origin");
+
+	if (!skip_prefix(refname, "refs/heads/", &refname))
+		die(_("Expecting a full ref name, got %s"), refname);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "branch.%s.remote", refname);
+	if (git_config_get_string(sb.buf, &dest))
+		ret = xstrdup("origin");
+	else
+		ret = dest;
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int print_default_remote(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	char *remote;
+
+	if (argc != 1)
+		die(_("submodule--helper print-default-remote takes no arguments"));
+
+	remote = get_default_remote();
+	if (remote)
+		printf("%s\n", remote);
+
+	free(remote);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int starts_with_dot_slash(const char *str)
+{
+	return str[0] == '.' && is_dir_sep(str[1]);
+}
+
+static int starts_with_dot_dot_slash(const char *str)
+{
+	return str[0] == '.' && str[1] == '.' && is_dir_sep(str[2]);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns 1 if it was the last chop before ':'.
+ */
+static int chop_last_dir(char **remoteurl, int is_relative)
+{
+	char *rfind = find_last_dir_sep(*remoteurl);
+	if (rfind) {
+		*rfind = '\0';
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	rfind = strrchr(*remoteurl, ':');
+	if (rfind) {
+		*rfind = '\0';
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (is_relative || !strcmp(".", *remoteurl))
+		die(_("cannot strip one component off url '%s'"),
+			*remoteurl);
+
+	free(*remoteurl);
+	*remoteurl = xstrdup(".");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The `url` argument is the URL that navigates to the submodule origin
+ * repo. When relative, this URL is relative to the superproject origin
+ * URL repo. The `up_path` argument, if specified, is the relative
+ * path that navigates from the submodule working tree to the superproject
+ * working tree. Returns the origin URL of the submodule.
+ *
+ * Return either an absolute URL or filesystem path (if the superproject
+ * origin URL is an absolute URL or filesystem path, respectively) or a
+ * relative file system path (if the superproject origin URL is a relative
+ * file system path).
+ *
+ * When the output is a relative file system path, the path is either
+ * relative to the submodule working tree, if up_path is specified, or to
+ * the superproject working tree otherwise.
+ *
+ * NEEDSWORK: This works incorrectly on the domain and protocol part.
+ * remote_url      url              outcome          expectation
+ * http://a.com/b  ../c             http://a.com/c   as is
+ * http://a.com/b/ ../c             http://a.com/c   same as previous line, but
+ *                                                   ignore trailing slash in url
+ * http://a.com/b  ../../c          http://c         error out
+ * http://a.com/b  ../../../c       http:/c          error out
+ * http://a.com/b  ../../../../c    http:c           error out
+ * http://a.com/b  ../../../../../c    .:c           error out
+ * NEEDSWORK: Given how chop_last_dir() works, this function is broken
+ * when a local part has a colon in its path component, too.
+ */
+static char *relative_url(const char *remote_url,
+				const char *url,
+				const char *up_path)
+{
+	int is_relative = 0;
+	int colonsep = 0;
+	char *out;
+	char *remoteurl = xstrdup(remote_url);
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t len = strlen(remoteurl);
+
+	if (is_dir_sep(remoteurl[len-1]))
+		remoteurl[len-1] = '\0';
+
+	if (!url_is_local_not_ssh(remoteurl) || is_absolute_path(remoteurl))
+		is_relative = 0;
+	else {
+		is_relative = 1;
+		/*
+		 * Prepend a './' to ensure all relative
+		 * remoteurls start with './' or '../'
+		 */
+		if (!starts_with_dot_slash(remoteurl) &&
+		    !starts_with_dot_dot_slash(remoteurl)) {
+			strbuf_reset(&sb);
+			strbuf_addf(&sb, "./%s", remoteurl);
+			free(remoteurl);
+			remoteurl = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+		}
+	}
+	/*
+	 * When the url starts with '../', remove that and the
+	 * last directory in remoteurl.
+	 */
+	while (url) {
+		if (starts_with_dot_dot_slash(url)) {
+			url += 3;
+			colonsep |= chop_last_dir(&remoteurl, is_relative);
+		} else if (starts_with_dot_slash(url))
+			url += 2;
+		else
+			break;
+	}
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s%s%s", remoteurl, colonsep ? ":" : "/", url);
+	if (ends_with(url, "/"))
+		strbuf_setlen(&sb, sb.len - 1);
+	free(remoteurl);
+
+	if (starts_with_dot_slash(sb.buf))
+		out = xstrdup(sb.buf + 2);
+	else
+		out = xstrdup(sb.buf);
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+
+	if (!up_path || !is_relative)
+		return out;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s%s", up_path, out);
+	free(out);
+	return strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+}
+
+static int resolve_relative_url(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	char *remoteurl = NULL;
+	char *remote = get_default_remote();
+	const char *up_path = NULL;
+	char *res;
+	const char *url;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (argc != 2 && argc != 3)
+		die("resolve-relative-url only accepts one or two arguments");
+
+	url = argv[1];
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "remote.%s.url", remote);
+	free(remote);
+
+	if (git_config_get_string(sb.buf, &remoteurl))
+		/* the repository is its own authoritative upstream */
+		remoteurl = xgetcwd();
+
+	if (argc == 3)
+		up_path = argv[2];
+
+	res = relative_url(remoteurl, url, up_path);
+	puts(res);
+	free(res);
+	free(remoteurl);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int resolve_relative_url_test(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	char *remoteurl, *res;
+	const char *up_path, *url;
+
+	if (argc != 4)
+		die("resolve-relative-url-test only accepts three arguments: <up_path> <remoteurl> <url>");
+
+	up_path = argv[1];
+	remoteurl = xstrdup(argv[2]);
+	url = argv[3];
+
+	if (!strcmp(up_path, "(null)"))
+		up_path = NULL;
+
+	res = relative_url(remoteurl, url, up_path);
+	puts(res);
+	free(res);
+	free(remoteurl);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* the result should be freed by the caller. */
+static char *get_submodule_displaypath(const char *path, const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char *super_prefix = get_super_prefix();
+
+	if (prefix && super_prefix) {
+		BUG("cannot have prefix '%s' and superprefix '%s'",
+		    prefix, super_prefix);
+	} else if (prefix) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+		char *displaypath = xstrdup(relative_path(path, prefix, &sb));
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		return displaypath;
+	} else if (super_prefix) {
+		return xstrfmt("%s%s", super_prefix, path);
+	} else {
+		return xstrdup(path);
+	}
+}
+
+static char *compute_rev_name(const char *sub_path, const char* object_id)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char ***d;
+
+	static const char *describe_bare[] = { NULL };
+
+	static const char *describe_tags[] = { "--tags", NULL };
+
+	static const char *describe_contains[] = { "--contains", NULL };
+
+	static const char *describe_all_always[] = { "--all", "--always", NULL };
+
+	static const char **describe_argv[] = { describe_bare, describe_tags,
+						describe_contains,
+						describe_all_always, NULL };
+
+	for (d = describe_argv; *d; d++) {
+		struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+		prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
+		cp.dir = sub_path;
+		cp.git_cmd = 1;
+		cp.no_stderr = 1;
+
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, "describe");
+		argv_array_pushv(&cp.args, *d);
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, object_id);
+
+		if (!capture_command(&cp, &sb, 0)) {
+			strbuf_strip_suffix(&sb, "\n");
+			return strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+struct module_list {
+	const struct cache_entry **entries;
+	int alloc, nr;
+};
+#define MODULE_LIST_INIT { NULL, 0, 0 }
+
+static int module_list_compute(int argc, const char **argv,
+			       const char *prefix,
+			       struct pathspec *pathspec,
+			       struct module_list *list)
+{
+	int i, result = 0;
+	char *ps_matched = NULL;
+	parse_pathspec(pathspec, 0,
+		       PATHSPEC_PREFER_FULL,
+		       prefix, argv);
+
+	if (pathspec->nr)
+		ps_matched = xcalloc(pathspec->nr, 1);
+
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		die(_("index file corrupt"));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+
+		if (!match_pathspec(&the_index, pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce),
+				    0, ps_matched, 1) ||
+		    !S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+			continue;
+
+		ALLOC_GROW(list->entries, list->nr + 1, list->alloc);
+		list->entries[list->nr++] = ce;
+		while (i + 1 < active_nr &&
+		       !strcmp(ce->name, active_cache[i + 1]->name))
+			/*
+			 * Skip entries with the same name in different stages
+			 * to make sure an entry is returned only once.
+			 */
+			i++;
+	}
+
+	if (ps_matched && report_path_error(ps_matched, pathspec, prefix))
+		result = -1;
+
+	free(ps_matched);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+static void module_list_active(struct module_list *list)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct module_list active_modules = MODULE_LIST_INIT;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++) {
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = list->entries[i];
+
+		if (!is_submodule_active(the_repository, ce->name))
+			continue;
+
+		ALLOC_GROW(active_modules.entries,
+			   active_modules.nr + 1,
+			   active_modules.alloc);
+		active_modules.entries[active_modules.nr++] = ce;
+	}
+
+	free(list->entries);
+	*list = active_modules;
+}
+
+static char *get_up_path(const char *path)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	for (i = count_slashes(path); i; i--)
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, "../");
+
+	/*
+	 * Check if 'path' ends with slash or not
+	 * for having the same output for dir/sub_dir
+	 * and dir/sub_dir/
+	 */
+	if (!is_dir_sep(path[strlen(path) - 1]))
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, "../");
+
+	return strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+}
+
+static int module_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct pathspec pathspec;
+	struct module_list list = MODULE_LIST_INIT;
+
+	struct option module_list_options[] = {
+		OPT_STRING(0, "prefix", &prefix,
+			   N_("path"),
+			   N_("alternative anchor for relative paths")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	const char *const git_submodule_helper_usage[] = {
+		N_("git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"),
+		NULL
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, module_list_options,
+			     git_submodule_helper_usage, 0);
+
+	if (module_list_compute(argc, argv, prefix, &pathspec, &list) < 0)
+		return 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++) {
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = list.entries[i];
+
+		if (ce_stage(ce))
+			printf("%06o %s U\t", ce->ce_mode, sha1_to_hex(null_sha1));
+		else
+			printf("%06o %s %d\t", ce->ce_mode,
+			       oid_to_hex(&ce->oid), ce_stage(ce));
+
+		fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", ce->name);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void for_each_listed_submodule(const struct module_list *list,
+				      each_submodule_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
+		fn(list->entries[i], cb_data);
+}
+
+struct cb_foreach {
+	int argc;
+	const char **argv;
+	const char *prefix;
+	int quiet;
+	int recursive;
+};
+#define CB_FOREACH_INIT { 0 }
+
+static void runcommand_in_submodule_cb(const struct cache_entry *list_item,
+				       void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct cb_foreach *info = cb_data;
+	const char *path = list_item->name;
+	const struct object_id *ce_oid = &list_item->oid;
+
+	const struct submodule *sub;
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	char *displaypath;
+
+	displaypath = get_submodule_displaypath(path, info->prefix);
+
+	sub = submodule_from_path(the_repository, &null_oid, path);
+
+	if (!sub)
+		die(_("No url found for submodule path '%s' in .gitmodules"),
+			displaypath);
+
+	if (!is_submodule_populated_gently(path, NULL))
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
+
+	/*
+	 * For the purpose of executing <command> in the submodule,
+	 * separate shell is used for the purpose of running the
+	 * child process.
+	 */
+	cp.use_shell = 1;
+	cp.dir = path;
+
+	/*
+	 * NEEDSWORK: the command currently has access to the variables $name,
+	 * $sm_path, $displaypath, $sha1 and $toplevel only when the command
+	 * contains a single argument. This is done for maintaining a faithful
+	 * translation from shell script.
+	 */
+	if (info->argc == 1) {
+		char *toplevel = xgetcwd();
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		argv_array_pushf(&cp.env_array, "name=%s", sub->name);
+		argv_array_pushf(&cp.env_array, "sm_path=%s", path);
+		argv_array_pushf(&cp.env_array, "displaypath=%s", displaypath);
+		argv_array_pushf(&cp.env_array, "sha1=%s",
+				oid_to_hex(ce_oid));
+		argv_array_pushf(&cp.env_array, "toplevel=%s", toplevel);
+
+		/*
+		 * Since the path variable was accessible from the script
+		 * before porting, it is also made available after porting.
+		 * The environment variable "PATH" has a very special purpose
+		 * on windows. And since environment variables are
+		 * case-insensitive in windows, it interferes with the
+		 * existing PATH variable. Hence, to avoid that, we expose
+		 * path via the args argv_array and not via env_array.
+		 */
+		sq_quote_buf(&sb, path);
+		argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "path=%s; %s",
+				 sb.buf, info->argv[0]);
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		free(toplevel);
+	} else {
+		argv_array_pushv(&cp.args, info->argv);
+	}
+
+	if (!info->quiet)
+		printf(_("Entering '%s'\n"), displaypath);
+
+	if (info->argv[0] && run_command(&cp))
+		die(_("run_command returned non-zero status for %s\n."),
+			displaypath);
+
+	if (info->recursive) {
+		struct child_process cpr = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+		cpr.git_cmd = 1;
+		cpr.dir = path;
+		prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cpr.env_array);
+
+		argv_array_pushl(&cpr.args, "--super-prefix", NULL);
+		argv_array_pushf(&cpr.args, "%s/", displaypath);
+		argv_array_pushl(&cpr.args, "submodule--helper", "foreach", "--recursive",
+				NULL);
+
+		if (info->quiet)
+			argv_array_push(&cpr.args, "--quiet");
+
+		argv_array_pushv(&cpr.args, info->argv);
+
+		if (run_command(&cpr))
+			die(_("run_command returned non-zero status while"
+				"recursing in the nested submodules of %s\n."),
+				displaypath);
+	}
+
+cleanup:
+	free(displaypath);
+}
+
+static int module_foreach(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct cb_foreach info = CB_FOREACH_INIT;
+	struct pathspec pathspec;
+	struct module_list list = MODULE_LIST_INIT;
+
+	struct option module_foreach_options[] = {
+		OPT__QUIET(&info.quiet, N_("Suppress output of entering each submodule command")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "recursive", &info.recursive,
+			 N_("Recurse into nested submodules")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	const char *const git_submodule_helper_usage[] = {
+		N_("git submodule--helper foreach [--quiet] [--recursive] <command>"),
+		NULL
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, module_foreach_options,
+			     git_submodule_helper_usage, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN);
+
+	if (module_list_compute(0, NULL, prefix, &pathspec, &list) < 0)
+		return 1;
+
+	info.argc = argc;
+	info.argv = argv;
+	info.prefix = prefix;
+
+	for_each_listed_submodule(&list, runcommand_in_submodule_cb, &info);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct init_cb {
+	const char *prefix;
+	unsigned int flags;
+};
+
+#define INIT_CB_INIT { NULL, 0 }
+
+static void init_submodule(const char *path, const char *prefix,
+			   unsigned int flags)
+{
+	const struct submodule *sub;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *upd = NULL, *url = NULL, *displaypath;
+
+	displaypath = get_submodule_displaypath(path, prefix);
+
+	sub = submodule_from_path(the_repository, &null_oid, path);
+
+	if (!sub)
+		die(_("No url found for submodule path '%s' in .gitmodules"),
+			displaypath);
+
+	/*
+	 * NEEDSWORK: In a multi-working-tree world, this needs to be
+	 * set in the per-worktree config.
+	 *
+	 * Set active flag for the submodule being initialized
+	 */
+	if (!is_submodule_active(the_repository, path)) {
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, "submodule.%s.active", sub->name);
+		git_config_set_gently(sb.buf, "true");
+		strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Copy url setting when it is not set yet.
+	 * To look up the url in .git/config, we must not fall back to
+	 * .gitmodules, so look it up directly.
+	 */
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "submodule.%s.url", sub->name);
+	if (git_config_get_string(sb.buf, &url)) {
+		if (!sub->url)
+			die(_("No url found for submodule path '%s' in .gitmodules"),
+				displaypath);
+
+		url = xstrdup(sub->url);
+
+		/* Possibly a url relative to parent */
+		if (starts_with_dot_dot_slash(url) ||
+		    starts_with_dot_slash(url)) {
+			char *remoteurl, *relurl;
+			char *remote = get_default_remote();
+			struct strbuf remotesb = STRBUF_INIT;
+			strbuf_addf(&remotesb, "remote.%s.url", remote);
+			free(remote);
+
+			if (git_config_get_string(remotesb.buf, &remoteurl)) {
+				warning(_("could not lookup configuration '%s'. Assuming this repository is its own authoritative upstream."), remotesb.buf);
+				remoteurl = xgetcwd();
+			}
+			relurl = relative_url(remoteurl, url, NULL);
+			strbuf_release(&remotesb);
+			free(remoteurl);
+			free(url);
+			url = relurl;
+		}
+
+		if (git_config_set_gently(sb.buf, url))
+			die(_("Failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"),
+			    displaypath);
+		if (!(flags & OPT_QUIET))
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				_("Submodule '%s' (%s) registered for path '%s'\n"),
+				sub->name, url, displaypath);
+	}
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+
+	/* Copy "update" setting when it is not set yet */
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "submodule.%s.update", sub->name);
+	if (git_config_get_string(sb.buf, &upd) &&
+	    sub->update_strategy.type != SM_UPDATE_UNSPECIFIED) {
+		if (sub->update_strategy.type == SM_UPDATE_COMMAND) {
+			fprintf(stderr, _("warning: command update mode suggested for submodule '%s'\n"),
+				sub->name);
+			upd = xstrdup("none");
+		} else
+			upd = xstrdup(submodule_strategy_to_string(&sub->update_strategy));
+
+		if (git_config_set_gently(sb.buf, upd))
+			die(_("Failed to register update mode for submodule path '%s'"), displaypath);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	free(displaypath);
+	free(url);
+	free(upd);
+}
+
+static void init_submodule_cb(const struct cache_entry *list_item, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct init_cb *info = cb_data;
+	init_submodule(list_item->name, info->prefix, info->flags);
+}
+
+static int module_init(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct init_cb info = INIT_CB_INIT;
+	struct pathspec pathspec;
+	struct module_list list = MODULE_LIST_INIT;
+	int quiet = 0;
+
+	struct option module_init_options[] = {
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("Suppress output for initializing a submodule")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	const char *const git_submodule_helper_usage[] = {
+		N_("git submodule--helper init [<path>]"),
+		NULL
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, module_init_options,
+			     git_submodule_helper_usage, 0);
+
+	if (module_list_compute(argc, argv, prefix, &pathspec, &list) < 0)
+		return 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * If there are no path args and submodule.active is set then,
+	 * by default, only initialize 'active' modules.
+	 */
+	if (!argc && git_config_get_value_multi("submodule.active"))
+		module_list_active(&list);
+
+	info.prefix = prefix;
+	if (quiet)
+		info.flags |= OPT_QUIET;
+
+	for_each_listed_submodule(&list, init_submodule_cb, &info);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct status_cb {
+	const char *prefix;
+	unsigned int flags;
+};
+
+#define STATUS_CB_INIT { NULL, 0 }
+
+static void print_status(unsigned int flags, char state, const char *path,
+			 const struct object_id *oid, const char *displaypath)
+{
+	if (flags & OPT_QUIET)
+		return;
+
+	printf("%c%s %s", state, oid_to_hex(oid), displaypath);
+
+	if (state == ' ' || state == '+') {
+		const char *name = compute_rev_name(path, oid_to_hex(oid));
+
+		if (name)
+			printf(" (%s)", name);
+	}
+
+	printf("\n");
+}
+
+static int handle_submodule_head_ref(const char *refname,
+				     const struct object_id *oid, int flags,
+				     void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct object_id *output = cb_data;
+	if (oid)
+		oidcpy(output, oid);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void status_submodule(const char *path, const struct object_id *ce_oid,
+			     unsigned int ce_flags, const char *prefix,
+			     unsigned int flags)
+{
+	char *displaypath;
+	struct argv_array diff_files_args = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct rev_info rev;
+	int diff_files_result;
+
+	if (!submodule_from_path(the_repository, &null_oid, path))
+		die(_("no submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '%s'"),
+		      path);
+
+	displaypath = get_submodule_displaypath(path, prefix);
+
+	if ((CE_STAGEMASK & ce_flags) >> CE_STAGESHIFT) {
+		print_status(flags, 'U', path, &null_oid, displaypath);
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	if (!is_submodule_active(the_repository, path)) {
+		print_status(flags, '-', path, ce_oid, displaypath);
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	argv_array_pushl(&diff_files_args, "diff-files",
+			 "--ignore-submodules=dirty", "--quiet", "--",
+			 path, NULL);
+
+	git_config(git_diff_basic_config, NULL);
+	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
+	rev.abbrev = 0;
+	diff_files_args.argc = setup_revisions(diff_files_args.argc,
+					       diff_files_args.argv,
+					       &rev, NULL);
+	diff_files_result = run_diff_files(&rev, 0);
+
+	if (!diff_result_code(&rev.diffopt, diff_files_result)) {
+		print_status(flags, ' ', path, ce_oid,
+			     displaypath);
+	} else if (!(flags & OPT_CACHED)) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		struct ref_store *refs = get_submodule_ref_store(path);
+
+		if (!refs) {
+			print_status(flags, '-', path, ce_oid, displaypath);
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+		if (refs_head_ref(refs, handle_submodule_head_ref, &oid))
+			die(_("could not resolve HEAD ref inside the "
+			      "submodule '%s'"), path);
+
+		print_status(flags, '+', path, &oid, displaypath);
+	} else {
+		print_status(flags, '+', path, ce_oid, displaypath);
+	}
+
+	if (flags & OPT_RECURSIVE) {
+		struct child_process cpr = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+		cpr.git_cmd = 1;
+		cpr.dir = path;
+		prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cpr.env_array);
+
+		argv_array_push(&cpr.args, "--super-prefix");
+		argv_array_pushf(&cpr.args, "%s/", displaypath);
+		argv_array_pushl(&cpr.args, "submodule--helper", "status",
+				 "--recursive", NULL);
+
+		if (flags & OPT_CACHED)
+			argv_array_push(&cpr.args, "--cached");
+
+		if (flags & OPT_QUIET)
+			argv_array_push(&cpr.args, "--quiet");
+
+		if (run_command(&cpr))
+			die(_("failed to recurse into submodule '%s'"), path);
+	}
+
+cleanup:
+	argv_array_clear(&diff_files_args);
+	free(displaypath);
+}
+
+static void status_submodule_cb(const struct cache_entry *list_item,
+				void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct status_cb *info = cb_data;
+	status_submodule(list_item->name, &list_item->oid, list_item->ce_flags,
+			 info->prefix, info->flags);
+}
+
+static int module_status(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct status_cb info = STATUS_CB_INIT;
+	struct pathspec pathspec;
+	struct module_list list = MODULE_LIST_INIT;
+	int quiet = 0;
+
+	struct option module_status_options[] = {
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("Suppress submodule status output")),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "cached", &info.flags, N_("Use commit stored in the index instead of the one stored in the submodule HEAD"), OPT_CACHED),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "recursive", &info.flags, N_("recurse into nested submodules"), OPT_RECURSIVE),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	const char *const git_submodule_helper_usage[] = {
+		N_("git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<path>...]"),
+		NULL
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, module_status_options,
+			     git_submodule_helper_usage, 0);
+
+	if (module_list_compute(argc, argv, prefix, &pathspec, &list) < 0)
+		return 1;
+
+	info.prefix = prefix;
+	if (quiet)
+		info.flags |= OPT_QUIET;
+
+	for_each_listed_submodule(&list, status_submodule_cb, &info);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int module_name(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	const struct submodule *sub;
+
+	if (argc != 2)
+		usage(_("git submodule--helper name <path>"));
+
+	sub = submodule_from_path(the_repository, &null_oid, argv[1]);
+
+	if (!sub)
+		die(_("no submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '%s'"),
+		    argv[1]);
+
+	printf("%s\n", sub->name);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct sync_cb {
+	const char *prefix;
+	unsigned int flags;
+};
+
+#define SYNC_CB_INIT { NULL, 0 }
+
+static void sync_submodule(const char *path, const char *prefix,
+			   unsigned int flags)
+{
+	const struct submodule *sub;
+	char *remote_key = NULL;
+	char *sub_origin_url, *super_config_url, *displaypath;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	char *sub_config_path = NULL;
+
+	if (!is_submodule_active(the_repository, path))
+		return;
+
+	sub = submodule_from_path(the_repository, &null_oid, path);
+
+	if (sub && sub->url) {
+		if (starts_with_dot_dot_slash(sub->url) ||
+		    starts_with_dot_slash(sub->url)) {
+			char *remote_url, *up_path;
+			char *remote = get_default_remote();
+			strbuf_addf(&sb, "remote.%s.url", remote);
+
+			if (git_config_get_string(sb.buf, &remote_url))
+				remote_url = xgetcwd();
+
+			up_path = get_up_path(path);
+			sub_origin_url = relative_url(remote_url, sub->url, up_path);
+			super_config_url = relative_url(remote_url, sub->url, NULL);
+
+			free(remote);
+			free(up_path);
+			free(remote_url);
+		} else {
+			sub_origin_url = xstrdup(sub->url);
+			super_config_url = xstrdup(sub->url);
+		}
+	} else {
+		sub_origin_url = xstrdup("");
+		super_config_url = xstrdup("");
+	}
+
+	displaypath = get_submodule_displaypath(path, prefix);
+
+	if (!(flags & OPT_QUIET))
+		printf(_("Synchronizing submodule url for '%s'\n"),
+			 displaypath);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "submodule.%s.url", sub->name);
+	if (git_config_set_gently(sb.buf, super_config_url))
+		die(_("failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"),
+		      displaypath);
+
+	if (!is_submodule_populated_gently(path, NULL))
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+	cp.dir = path;
+	argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "submodule--helper",
+			 "print-default-remote", NULL);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	if (capture_command(&cp, &sb, 0))
+		die(_("failed to get the default remote for submodule '%s'"),
+		      path);
+
+	strbuf_strip_suffix(&sb, "\n");
+	remote_key = xstrfmt("remote.%s.url", sb.buf);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	submodule_to_gitdir(&sb, path);
+	strbuf_addstr(&sb, "/config");
+
+	if (git_config_set_in_file_gently(sb.buf, remote_key, sub_origin_url))
+		die(_("failed to update remote for submodule '%s'"),
+		      path);
+
+	if (flags & OPT_RECURSIVE) {
+		struct child_process cpr = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+		cpr.git_cmd = 1;
+		cpr.dir = path;
+		prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cpr.env_array);
+
+		argv_array_push(&cpr.args, "--super-prefix");
+		argv_array_pushf(&cpr.args, "%s/", displaypath);
+		argv_array_pushl(&cpr.args, "submodule--helper", "sync",
+				 "--recursive", NULL);
+
+		if (flags & OPT_QUIET)
+			argv_array_push(&cpr.args, "--quiet");
+
+		if (run_command(&cpr))
+			die(_("failed to recurse into submodule '%s'"),
+			      path);
+	}
+
+cleanup:
+	free(super_config_url);
+	free(sub_origin_url);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	free(remote_key);
+	free(displaypath);
+	free(sub_config_path);
+}
+
+static void sync_submodule_cb(const struct cache_entry *list_item, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct sync_cb *info = cb_data;
+	sync_submodule(list_item->name, info->prefix, info->flags);
+}
+
+static int module_sync(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct sync_cb info = SYNC_CB_INIT;
+	struct pathspec pathspec;
+	struct module_list list = MODULE_LIST_INIT;
+	int quiet = 0;
+	int recursive = 0;
+
+	struct option module_sync_options[] = {
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("Suppress output of synchronizing submodule url")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "recursive", &recursive,
+			N_("Recurse into nested submodules")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	const char *const git_submodule_helper_usage[] = {
+		N_("git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<path>]"),
+		NULL
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, module_sync_options,
+			     git_submodule_helper_usage, 0);
+
+	if (module_list_compute(argc, argv, prefix, &pathspec, &list) < 0)
+		return 1;
+
+	info.prefix = prefix;
+	if (quiet)
+		info.flags |= OPT_QUIET;
+	if (recursive)
+		info.flags |= OPT_RECURSIVE;
+
+	for_each_listed_submodule(&list, sync_submodule_cb, &info);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct deinit_cb {
+	const char *prefix;
+	unsigned int flags;
+};
+#define DEINIT_CB_INIT { NULL, 0 }
+
+static void deinit_submodule(const char *path, const char *prefix,
+			     unsigned int flags)
+{
+	const struct submodule *sub;
+	char *displaypath = NULL;
+	struct child_process cp_config = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	struct strbuf sb_config = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *sub_git_dir = xstrfmt("%s/.git", path);
+
+	sub = submodule_from_path(the_repository, &null_oid, path);
+
+	if (!sub || !sub->name)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	displaypath = get_submodule_displaypath(path, prefix);
+
+	/* remove the submodule work tree (unless the user already did it) */
+	if (is_directory(path)) {
+		struct strbuf sb_rm = STRBUF_INIT;
+		const char *format;
+
+		/*
+		 * protect submodules containing a .git directory
+		 * NEEDSWORK: instead of dying, automatically call
+		 * absorbgitdirs and (possibly) warn.
+		 */
+		if (is_directory(sub_git_dir))
+			die(_("Submodule work tree '%s' contains a .git "
+			      "directory (use 'rm -rf' if you really want "
+			      "to remove it including all of its history)"),
+			    displaypath);
+
+		if (!(flags & OPT_FORCE)) {
+			struct child_process cp_rm = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+			cp_rm.git_cmd = 1;
+			argv_array_pushl(&cp_rm.args, "rm", "-qn",
+					 path, NULL);
+
+			if (run_command(&cp_rm))
+				die(_("Submodule work tree '%s' contains local "
+				      "modifications; use '-f' to discard them"),
+				      displaypath);
+		}
+
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb_rm, path);
+
+		if (!remove_dir_recursively(&sb_rm, 0))
+			format = _("Cleared directory '%s'\n");
+		else
+			format = _("Could not remove submodule work tree '%s'\n");
+
+		if (!(flags & OPT_QUIET))
+			printf(format, displaypath);
+
+		submodule_unset_core_worktree(sub);
+
+		strbuf_release(&sb_rm);
+	}
+
+	if (mkdir(path, 0777))
+		printf(_("could not create empty submodule directory %s"),
+		      displaypath);
+
+	cp_config.git_cmd = 1;
+	argv_array_pushl(&cp_config.args, "config", "--get-regexp", NULL);
+	argv_array_pushf(&cp_config.args, "submodule.%s\\.", sub->name);
+
+	/* remove the .git/config entries (unless the user already did it) */
+	if (!capture_command(&cp_config, &sb_config, 0) && sb_config.len) {
+		char *sub_key = xstrfmt("submodule.%s", sub->name);
+		/*
+		 * remove the whole section so we have a clean state when
+		 * the user later decides to init this submodule again
+		 */
+		git_config_rename_section_in_file(NULL, sub_key, NULL);
+		if (!(flags & OPT_QUIET))
+			printf(_("Submodule '%s' (%s) unregistered for path '%s'\n"),
+				 sub->name, sub->url, displaypath);
+		free(sub_key);
+	}
+
+cleanup:
+	free(displaypath);
+	free(sub_git_dir);
+	strbuf_release(&sb_config);
+}
+
+static void deinit_submodule_cb(const struct cache_entry *list_item,
+				void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct deinit_cb *info = cb_data;
+	deinit_submodule(list_item->name, info->prefix, info->flags);
+}
+
+static int module_deinit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct deinit_cb info = DEINIT_CB_INIT;
+	struct pathspec pathspec;
+	struct module_list list = MODULE_LIST_INIT;
+	int quiet = 0;
+	int force = 0;
+	int all = 0;
+
+	struct option module_deinit_options[] = {
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("Suppress submodule status output")),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("Remove submodule working trees even if they contain local changes"), 0),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "all", &all, N_("Unregister all submodules")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	const char *const git_submodule_helper_usage[] = {
+		N_("git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<path>...]]"),
+		NULL
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, module_deinit_options,
+			     git_submodule_helper_usage, 0);
+
+	if (all && argc) {
+		error("pathspec and --all are incompatible");
+		usage_with_options(git_submodule_helper_usage,
+				   module_deinit_options);
+	}
+
+	if (!argc && !all)
+		die(_("Use '--all' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"));
+
+	if (module_list_compute(argc, argv, prefix, &pathspec, &list) < 0)
+		return 1;
+
+	info.prefix = prefix;
+	if (quiet)
+		info.flags |= OPT_QUIET;
+	if (force)
+		info.flags |= OPT_FORCE;
+
+	for_each_listed_submodule(&list, deinit_submodule_cb, &info);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int clone_submodule(const char *path, const char *gitdir, const char *url,
+			   const char *depth, struct string_list *reference, int dissociate,
+			   int quiet, int progress)
+{
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, "clone");
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, "--no-checkout");
+	if (quiet)
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, "--quiet");
+	if (progress)
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, "--progress");
+	if (depth && *depth)
+		argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "--depth", depth, NULL);
+	if (reference->nr) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, reference)
+			argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "--reference",
+					 item->string, NULL);
+	}
+	if (dissociate)
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, "--dissociate");
+	if (gitdir && *gitdir)
+		argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "--separate-git-dir", gitdir, NULL);
+
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, url);
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, path);
+
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+	prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
+	cp.no_stdin = 1;
+
+	return run_command(&cp);
+}
+
+struct submodule_alternate_setup {
+	const char *submodule_name;
+	enum SUBMODULE_ALTERNATE_ERROR_MODE {
+		SUBMODULE_ALTERNATE_ERROR_DIE,
+		SUBMODULE_ALTERNATE_ERROR_INFO,
+		SUBMODULE_ALTERNATE_ERROR_IGNORE
+	} error_mode;
+	struct string_list *reference;
+};
+#define SUBMODULE_ALTERNATE_SETUP_INIT { NULL, \
+	SUBMODULE_ALTERNATE_ERROR_IGNORE, NULL }
+
+static int add_possible_reference_from_superproject(
+		struct alternate_object_database *alt, void *sas_cb)
+{
+	struct submodule_alternate_setup *sas = sas_cb;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the alternate object store is another repository, try the
+	 * standard layout with .git/(modules/<name>)+/objects
+	 */
+	if (ends_with(alt->path, "/objects")) {
+		char *sm_alternate;
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_add(&sb, alt->path, strlen(alt->path) - strlen("objects"));
+
+		/*
+		 * We need to end the new path with '/' to mark it as a dir,
+		 * otherwise a submodule name containing '/' will be broken
+		 * as the last part of a missing submodule reference would
+		 * be taken as a file name.
+		 */
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, "modules/%s/", sas->submodule_name);
+
+		sm_alternate = compute_alternate_path(sb.buf, &err);
+		if (sm_alternate) {
+			string_list_append(sas->reference, xstrdup(sb.buf));
+			free(sm_alternate);
+		} else {
+			switch (sas->error_mode) {
+			case SUBMODULE_ALTERNATE_ERROR_DIE:
+				die(_("submodule '%s' cannot add alternate: %s"),
+				    sas->submodule_name, err.buf);
+			case SUBMODULE_ALTERNATE_ERROR_INFO:
+				fprintf(stderr, _("submodule '%s' cannot add alternate: %s"),
+					sas->submodule_name, err.buf);
+			case SUBMODULE_ALTERNATE_ERROR_IGNORE:
+				; /* nothing */
+			}
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void prepare_possible_alternates(const char *sm_name,
+		struct string_list *reference)
+{
+	char *sm_alternate = NULL, *error_strategy = NULL;
+	struct submodule_alternate_setup sas = SUBMODULE_ALTERNATE_SETUP_INIT;
+
+	git_config_get_string("submodule.alternateLocation", &sm_alternate);
+	if (!sm_alternate)
+		return;
+
+	git_config_get_string("submodule.alternateErrorStrategy", &error_strategy);
+
+	if (!error_strategy)
+		error_strategy = xstrdup("die");
+
+	sas.submodule_name = sm_name;
+	sas.reference = reference;
+	if (!strcmp(error_strategy, "die"))
+		sas.error_mode = SUBMODULE_ALTERNATE_ERROR_DIE;
+	else if (!strcmp(error_strategy, "info"))
+		sas.error_mode = SUBMODULE_ALTERNATE_ERROR_INFO;
+	else if (!strcmp(error_strategy, "ignore"))
+		sas.error_mode = SUBMODULE_ALTERNATE_ERROR_IGNORE;
+	else
+		die(_("Value '%s' for submodule.alternateErrorStrategy is not recognized"), error_strategy);
+
+	if (!strcmp(sm_alternate, "superproject"))
+		foreach_alt_odb(add_possible_reference_from_superproject, &sas);
+	else if (!strcmp(sm_alternate, "no"))
+		; /* do nothing */
+	else
+		die(_("Value '%s' for submodule.alternateLocation is not recognized"), sm_alternate);
+
+	free(sm_alternate);
+	free(error_strategy);
+}
+
+static int module_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char *name = NULL, *url = NULL, *depth = NULL;
+	int quiet = 0;
+	int progress = 0;
+	char *p, *path = NULL, *sm_gitdir;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct string_list reference = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	int dissociate = 0;
+	char *sm_alternate = NULL, *error_strategy = NULL;
+
+	struct option module_clone_options[] = {
+		OPT_STRING(0, "prefix", &prefix,
+			   N_("path"),
+			   N_("alternative anchor for relative paths")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "path", &path,
+			   N_("path"),
+			   N_("where the new submodule will be cloned to")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "name", &name,
+			   N_("string"),
+			   N_("name of the new submodule")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "url", &url,
+			   N_("string"),
+			   N_("url where to clone the submodule from")),
+		OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "reference", &reference,
+			   N_("repo"),
+			   N_("reference repository")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "dissociate", &dissociate,
+			   N_("use --reference only while cloning")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "depth", &depth,
+			   N_("string"),
+			   N_("depth for shallow clones")),
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, "Suppress output for cloning a submodule"),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &progress,
+			   N_("force cloning progress")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	const char *const git_submodule_helper_usage[] = {
+		N_("git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<path>] [--quiet] "
+		   "[--reference <repository>] [--name <name>] [--depth <depth>] "
+		   "--url <url> --path <path>"),
+		NULL
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, module_clone_options,
+			     git_submodule_helper_usage, 0);
+
+	if (argc || !url || !path || !*path)
+		usage_with_options(git_submodule_helper_usage,
+				   module_clone_options);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/modules/%s", get_git_dir(), name);
+	sm_gitdir = absolute_pathdup(sb.buf);
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+
+	if (!is_absolute_path(path)) {
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/%s", get_git_work_tree(), path);
+		path = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+	} else
+		path = xstrdup(path);
+
+	if (!file_exists(sm_gitdir)) {
+		if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(sm_gitdir) < 0)
+			die(_("could not create directory '%s'"), sm_gitdir);
+
+		prepare_possible_alternates(name, &reference);
+
+		if (clone_submodule(path, sm_gitdir, url, depth, &reference, dissociate,
+				    quiet, progress))
+			die(_("clone of '%s' into submodule path '%s' failed"),
+			    url, path);
+	} else {
+		if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(path) < 0)
+			die(_("could not create directory '%s'"), path);
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/index", sm_gitdir);
+		unlink_or_warn(sb.buf);
+		strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	}
+
+	connect_work_tree_and_git_dir(path, sm_gitdir, 0);
+
+	p = git_pathdup_submodule(path, "config");
+	if (!p)
+		die(_("could not get submodule directory for '%s'"), path);
+
+	/* setup alternateLocation and alternateErrorStrategy in the cloned submodule if needed */
+	git_config_get_string("submodule.alternateLocation", &sm_alternate);
+	if (sm_alternate)
+		git_config_set_in_file(p, "submodule.alternateLocation",
+					   sm_alternate);
+	git_config_get_string("submodule.alternateErrorStrategy", &error_strategy);
+	if (error_strategy)
+		git_config_set_in_file(p, "submodule.alternateErrorStrategy",
+					   error_strategy);
+
+	free(sm_alternate);
+	free(error_strategy);
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	free(sm_gitdir);
+	free(path);
+	free(p);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct submodule_update_clone {
+	/* index into 'list', the list of submodules to look into for cloning */
+	int current;
+	struct module_list list;
+	unsigned warn_if_uninitialized : 1;
+
+	/* update parameter passed via commandline */
+	struct submodule_update_strategy update;
+
+	/* configuration parameters which are passed on to the children */
+	int progress;
+	int quiet;
+	int recommend_shallow;
+	struct string_list references;
+	int dissociate;
+	const char *depth;
+	const char *recursive_prefix;
+	const char *prefix;
+
+	/* Machine-readable status lines to be consumed by git-submodule.sh */
+	struct string_list projectlines;
+
+	/* If we want to stop as fast as possible and return an error */
+	unsigned quickstop : 1;
+
+	/* failed clones to be retried again */
+	const struct cache_entry **failed_clones;
+	int failed_clones_nr, failed_clones_alloc;
+};
+#define SUBMODULE_UPDATE_CLONE_INIT {0, MODULE_LIST_INIT, 0, \
+	SUBMODULE_UPDATE_STRATEGY_INIT, 0, 0, -1, STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP, 0, \
+	NULL, NULL, NULL, \
+	STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP, 0, NULL, 0, 0}
+
+
+static void next_submodule_warn_missing(struct submodule_update_clone *suc,
+		struct strbuf *out, const char *displaypath)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Only mention uninitialized submodules when their
+	 * paths have been specified.
+	 */
+	if (suc->warn_if_uninitialized) {
+		strbuf_addf(out,
+			_("Submodule path '%s' not initialized"),
+			displaypath);
+		strbuf_addch(out, '\n');
+		strbuf_addstr(out,
+			_("Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"));
+		strbuf_addch(out, '\n');
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determine whether 'ce' needs to be cloned. If so, prepare the 'child' to
+ * run the clone. Returns 1 if 'ce' needs to be cloned, 0 otherwise.
+ */
+static int prepare_to_clone_next_submodule(const struct cache_entry *ce,
+					   struct child_process *child,
+					   struct submodule_update_clone *suc,
+					   struct strbuf *out)
+{
+	const struct submodule *sub = NULL;
+	const char *url = NULL;
+	const char *update_string;
+	enum submodule_update_type update_type;
+	char *key;
+	struct strbuf displaypath_sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *displaypath = NULL;
+	int needs_cloning = 0;
+
+	if (ce_stage(ce)) {
+		if (suc->recursive_prefix)
+			strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/%s", suc->recursive_prefix, ce->name);
+		else
+			strbuf_addstr(&sb, ce->name);
+		strbuf_addf(out, _("Skipping unmerged submodule %s"), sb.buf);
+		strbuf_addch(out, '\n');
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	sub = submodule_from_path(the_repository, &null_oid, ce->name);
+
+	if (suc->recursive_prefix)
+		displaypath = relative_path(suc->recursive_prefix,
+					    ce->name, &displaypath_sb);
+	else
+		displaypath = ce->name;
+
+	if (!sub) {
+		next_submodule_warn_missing(suc, out, displaypath);
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	key = xstrfmt("submodule.%s.update", sub->name);
+	if (!repo_config_get_string_const(the_repository, key, &update_string)) {
+		update_type = parse_submodule_update_type(update_string);
+	} else {
+		update_type = sub->update_strategy.type;
+	}
+	free(key);
+
+	if (suc->update.type == SM_UPDATE_NONE
+	    || (suc->update.type == SM_UPDATE_UNSPECIFIED
+		&& update_type == SM_UPDATE_NONE)) {
+		strbuf_addf(out, _("Skipping submodule '%s'"), displaypath);
+		strbuf_addch(out, '\n');
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	/* Check if the submodule has been initialized. */
+	if (!is_submodule_active(the_repository, ce->name)) {
+		next_submodule_warn_missing(suc, out, displaypath);
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "submodule.%s.url", sub->name);
+	if (repo_config_get_string_const(the_repository, sb.buf, &url))
+		url = sub->url;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/.git", ce->name);
+	needs_cloning = !file_exists(sb.buf);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%06o %s %d %d\t%s\n", ce->ce_mode,
+			oid_to_hex(&ce->oid), ce_stage(ce),
+			needs_cloning, ce->name);
+	string_list_append(&suc->projectlines, sb.buf);
+
+	if (!needs_cloning)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	child->git_cmd = 1;
+	child->no_stdin = 1;
+	child->stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+	child->err = -1;
+	argv_array_push(&child->args, "submodule--helper");
+	argv_array_push(&child->args, "clone");
+	if (suc->progress)
+		argv_array_push(&child->args, "--progress");
+	if (suc->quiet)
+		argv_array_push(&child->args, "--quiet");
+	if (suc->prefix)
+		argv_array_pushl(&child->args, "--prefix", suc->prefix, NULL);
+	if (suc->recommend_shallow && sub->recommend_shallow == 1)
+		argv_array_push(&child->args, "--depth=1");
+	argv_array_pushl(&child->args, "--path", sub->path, NULL);
+	argv_array_pushl(&child->args, "--name", sub->name, NULL);
+	argv_array_pushl(&child->args, "--url", url, NULL);
+	if (suc->references.nr) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, &suc->references)
+			argv_array_pushl(&child->args, "--reference", item->string, NULL);
+	}
+	if (suc->dissociate)
+		argv_array_push(&child->args, "--dissociate");
+	if (suc->depth)
+		argv_array_push(&child->args, suc->depth);
+
+cleanup:
+	strbuf_reset(&displaypath_sb);
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+
+	return needs_cloning;
+}
+
+static int update_clone_get_next_task(struct child_process *child,
+				      struct strbuf *err,
+				      void *suc_cb,
+				      void **idx_task_cb)
+{
+	struct submodule_update_clone *suc = suc_cb;
+	const struct cache_entry *ce;
+	int index;
+
+	for (; suc->current < suc->list.nr; suc->current++) {
+		ce = suc->list.entries[suc->current];
+		if (prepare_to_clone_next_submodule(ce, child, suc, err)) {
+			int *p = xmalloc(sizeof(*p));
+			*p = suc->current;
+			*idx_task_cb = p;
+			suc->current++;
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * The loop above tried cloning each submodule once, now try the
+	 * stragglers again, which we can imagine as an extension of the
+	 * entry list.
+	 */
+	index = suc->current - suc->list.nr;
+	if (index < suc->failed_clones_nr) {
+		int *p;
+		ce = suc->failed_clones[index];
+		if (!prepare_to_clone_next_submodule(ce, child, suc, err)) {
+			suc->current ++;
+			strbuf_addstr(err, "BUG: submodule considered for "
+					   "cloning, doesn't need cloning "
+					   "any more?\n");
+			return 0;
+		}
+		p = xmalloc(sizeof(*p));
+		*p = suc->current;
+		*idx_task_cb = p;
+		suc->current ++;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int update_clone_start_failure(struct strbuf *err,
+				      void *suc_cb,
+				      void *idx_task_cb)
+{
+	struct submodule_update_clone *suc = suc_cb;
+	suc->quickstop = 1;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int update_clone_task_finished(int result,
+				      struct strbuf *err,
+				      void *suc_cb,
+				      void *idx_task_cb)
+{
+	const struct cache_entry *ce;
+	struct submodule_update_clone *suc = suc_cb;
+
+	int *idxP = idx_task_cb;
+	int idx = *idxP;
+	free(idxP);
+
+	if (!result)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (idx < suc->list.nr) {
+		ce  = suc->list.entries[idx];
+		strbuf_addf(err, _("Failed to clone '%s'. Retry scheduled"),
+			    ce->name);
+		strbuf_addch(err, '\n');
+		ALLOC_GROW(suc->failed_clones,
+			   suc->failed_clones_nr + 1,
+			   suc->failed_clones_alloc);
+		suc->failed_clones[suc->failed_clones_nr++] = ce;
+		return 0;
+	} else {
+		idx -= suc->list.nr;
+		ce  = suc->failed_clones[idx];
+		strbuf_addf(err, _("Failed to clone '%s' a second time, aborting"),
+			    ce->name);
+		strbuf_addch(err, '\n');
+		suc->quickstop = 1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int git_update_clone_config(const char *var, const char *value,
+				   void *cb)
+{
+	int *max_jobs = cb;
+	if (!strcmp(var, "submodule.fetchjobs"))
+		*max_jobs = parse_submodule_fetchjobs(var, value);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int update_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char *update = NULL;
+	int max_jobs = 1;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	struct pathspec pathspec;
+	struct submodule_update_clone suc = SUBMODULE_UPDATE_CLONE_INIT;
+
+	struct option module_update_clone_options[] = {
+		OPT_STRING(0, "prefix", &prefix,
+			   N_("path"),
+			   N_("path into the working tree")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "recursive-prefix", &suc.recursive_prefix,
+			   N_("path"),
+			   N_("path into the working tree, across nested "
+			      "submodule boundaries")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "update", &update,
+			   N_("string"),
+			   N_("rebase, merge, checkout or none")),
+		OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "reference", &suc.references, N_("repo"),
+			   N_("reference repository")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "dissociate", &suc.dissociate,
+			   N_("use --reference only while cloning")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "depth", &suc.depth, "<depth>",
+			   N_("Create a shallow clone truncated to the "
+			      "specified number of revisions")),
+		OPT_INTEGER('j', "jobs", &max_jobs,
+			    N_("parallel jobs")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "recommend-shallow", &suc.recommend_shallow,
+			    N_("whether the initial clone should follow the shallow recommendation")),
+		OPT__QUIET(&suc.quiet, N_("don't print cloning progress")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &suc.progress,
+			    N_("force cloning progress")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	const char *const git_submodule_helper_usage[] = {
+		N_("git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"),
+		NULL
+	};
+	suc.prefix = prefix;
+
+	update_clone_config_from_gitmodules(&max_jobs);
+	git_config(git_update_clone_config, &max_jobs);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, module_update_clone_options,
+			     git_submodule_helper_usage, 0);
+
+	if (update)
+		if (parse_submodule_update_strategy(update, &suc.update) < 0)
+			die(_("bad value for update parameter"));
+
+	if (module_list_compute(argc, argv, prefix, &pathspec, &suc.list) < 0)
+		return 1;
+
+	if (pathspec.nr)
+		suc.warn_if_uninitialized = 1;
+
+	run_processes_parallel(max_jobs,
+			       update_clone_get_next_task,
+			       update_clone_start_failure,
+			       update_clone_task_finished,
+			       &suc);
+
+	/*
+	 * We saved the output and put it out all at once now.
+	 * That means:
+	 * - the listener does not have to interleave their (checkout)
+	 *   work with our fetching.  The writes involved in a
+	 *   checkout involve more straightforward sequential I/O.
+	 * - the listener can avoid doing any work if fetching failed.
+	 */
+	if (suc.quickstop)
+		return 1;
+
+	for_each_string_list_item(item, &suc.projectlines)
+		fprintf(stdout, "%s", item->string);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int resolve_relative_path(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	if (argc != 3)
+		die("submodule--helper relative-path takes exactly 2 arguments, got %d", argc);
+
+	printf("%s", relative_path(argv[1], argv[2], &sb));
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const char *remote_submodule_branch(const char *path)
+{
+	const struct submodule *sub;
+	const char *branch = NULL;
+	char *key;
+
+	sub = submodule_from_path(the_repository, &null_oid, path);
+	if (!sub)
+		return NULL;
+
+	key = xstrfmt("submodule.%s.branch", sub->name);
+	if (repo_config_get_string_const(the_repository, key, &branch))
+		branch = sub->branch;
+	free(key);
+
+	if (!branch)
+		return "master";
+
+	if (!strcmp(branch, ".")) {
+		const char *refname = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", 0, NULL, NULL);
+
+		if (!refname)
+			die(_("No such ref: %s"), "HEAD");
+
+		/* detached HEAD */
+		if (!strcmp(refname, "HEAD"))
+			die(_("Submodule (%s) branch configured to inherit "
+			      "branch from superproject, but the superproject "
+			      "is not on any branch"), sub->name);
+
+		if (!skip_prefix(refname, "refs/heads/", &refname))
+			die(_("Expecting a full ref name, got %s"), refname);
+		return refname;
+	}
+
+	return branch;
+}
+
+static int resolve_remote_submodule_branch(int argc, const char **argv,
+		const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char *ret;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	if (argc != 2)
+		die("submodule--helper remote-branch takes exactly one arguments, got %d", argc);
+
+	ret = remote_submodule_branch(argv[1]);
+	if (!ret)
+		die("submodule %s doesn't exist", argv[1]);
+
+	printf("%s", ret);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int push_check(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct remote *remote;
+	const char *superproject_head;
+	char *head;
+	int detached_head = 0;
+	struct object_id head_oid;
+
+	if (argc < 3)
+		die("submodule--helper push-check requires at least 2 arguments");
+
+	/*
+	 * superproject's resolved head ref.
+	 * if HEAD then the superproject is in a detached head state, otherwise
+	 * it will be the resolved head ref.
+	 */
+	superproject_head = argv[1];
+	argv++;
+	argc--;
+	/* Get the submodule's head ref and determine if it is detached */
+	head = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, &head_oid, NULL);
+	if (!head)
+		die(_("Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."));
+	if (!strcmp(head, "HEAD"))
+		detached_head = 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * The remote must be configured.
+	 * This is to avoid pushing to the exact same URL as the parent.
+	 */
+	remote = pushremote_get(argv[1]);
+	if (!remote || remote->origin == REMOTE_UNCONFIGURED)
+		die("remote '%s' not configured", argv[1]);
+
+	/* Check the refspec */
+	if (argc > 2) {
+		int i;
+		struct ref *local_refs = get_local_heads();
+		struct refspec refspec = REFSPEC_INIT_PUSH;
+
+		refspec_appendn(&refspec, argv + 2, argc - 2);
+
+		for (i = 0; i < refspec.nr; i++) {
+			const struct refspec_item *rs = &refspec.items[i];
+
+			if (rs->pattern || rs->matching)
+				continue;
+
+			/* LHS must match a single ref */
+			switch (count_refspec_match(rs->src, local_refs, NULL)) {
+			case 1:
+				break;
+			case 0:
+				/*
+				 * If LHS matches 'HEAD' then we need to ensure
+				 * that it matches the same named branch
+				 * checked out in the superproject.
+				 */
+				if (!strcmp(rs->src, "HEAD")) {
+					if (!detached_head &&
+					    !strcmp(head, superproject_head))
+						break;
+					die("HEAD does not match the named branch in the superproject");
+				}
+				/* fallthrough */
+			default:
+				die("src refspec '%s' must name a ref",
+				    rs->src);
+			}
+		}
+		refspec_clear(&refspec);
+	}
+	free(head);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int absorb_git_dirs(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct pathspec pathspec;
+	struct module_list list = MODULE_LIST_INIT;
+	unsigned flags = ABSORB_GITDIR_RECURSE_SUBMODULES;
+
+	struct option embed_gitdir_options[] = {
+		OPT_STRING(0, "prefix", &prefix,
+			   N_("path"),
+			   N_("path into the working tree")),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "--recursive", &flags, N_("recurse into submodules"),
+			ABSORB_GITDIR_RECURSE_SUBMODULES),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	const char *const git_submodule_helper_usage[] = {
+		N_("git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<path>...]"),
+		NULL
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, embed_gitdir_options,
+			     git_submodule_helper_usage, 0);
+
+	if (module_list_compute(argc, argv, prefix, &pathspec, &list) < 0)
+		return 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
+		absorb_git_dir_into_superproject(prefix,
+				list.entries[i]->name, flags);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int is_active(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	if (argc != 2)
+		die("submodule--helper is-active takes exactly 1 argument");
+
+	return !is_submodule_active(the_repository, argv[1]);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Exit non-zero if any of the submodule names given on the command line is
+ * invalid. If no names are given, filter stdin to print only valid names
+ * (which is primarily intended for testing).
+ */
+static int check_name(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	if (argc > 1) {
+		while (*++argv) {
+			if (check_submodule_name(*argv) < 0)
+				return 1;
+		}
+	} else {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin) != EOF) {
+			if (!check_submodule_name(buf.buf))
+				printf("%s\n", buf.buf);
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int connect_gitdir_workingtree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *name, *path;
+	char *sm_gitdir;
+
+	if (argc != 3)
+		BUG("submodule--helper connect-gitdir-workingtree <name> <path>");
+
+	name = argv[1];
+	path = argv[2];
+
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/modules/%s", get_git_dir(), name);
+	sm_gitdir = absolute_pathdup(sb.buf);
+
+	connect_work_tree_and_git_dir(path, sm_gitdir, 0);
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	free(sm_gitdir);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX (1<<0)
+
+struct cmd_struct {
+	const char *cmd;
+	int (*fn)(int, const char **, const char *);
+	unsigned option;
+};
+
+static struct cmd_struct commands[] = {
+	{"list", module_list, 0},
+	{"name", module_name, 0},
+	{"clone", module_clone, 0},
+	{"update-clone", update_clone, 0},
+	{"connect-gitdir-workingtree", connect_gitdir_workingtree, 0},
+	{"relative-path", resolve_relative_path, 0},
+	{"resolve-relative-url", resolve_relative_url, 0},
+	{"resolve-relative-url-test", resolve_relative_url_test, 0},
+	{"foreach", module_foreach, SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX},
+	{"init", module_init, SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX},
+	{"status", module_status, SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX},
+	{"print-default-remote", print_default_remote, 0},
+	{"sync", module_sync, SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX},
+	{"deinit", module_deinit, 0},
+	{"remote-branch", resolve_remote_submodule_branch, 0},
+	{"push-check", push_check, 0},
+	{"absorb-git-dirs", absorb_git_dirs, SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX},
+	{"is-active", is_active, 0},
+	{"check-name", check_name, 0},
+};
+
+int cmd_submodule__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i;
+	if (argc < 2 || !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage("git submodule--helper <command>");
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(commands); i++) {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[1], commands[i].cmd)) {
+			if (get_super_prefix() &&
+			    !(commands[i].option & SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX))
+				die(_("%s doesn't support --super-prefix"),
+				    commands[i].cmd);
+			return commands[i].fn(argc - 1, argv + 1, prefix);
+		}
+	}
+
+	die(_("'%s' is not a valid submodule--helper "
+	      "subcommand"), argv[1]);
+}
diff --git a/builtin/symbolic-ref.c b/builtin/symbolic-ref.c
index ce0fde705c..80237f0df1 100644
--- a/builtin/symbolic-ref.c
+++ b/builtin/symbolic-ref.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
@@ -11,9 +12,8 @@ static const char * const git_symbolic_ref_usage[] = {
 
 static int check_symref(const char *HEAD, int quiet, int shorten, int print)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	int flag;
-	const char *refname = resolve_ref_unsafe(HEAD, 0, sha1, &flag);
+	const char *refname = resolve_ref_unsafe(HEAD, 0, NULL, &flag);
 
 	if (!refname)
 		die("No such ref: %s", HEAD);
@@ -56,7 +56,9 @@ int cmd_symbolic_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		ret = check_symref(argv[0], 1, 0, 0);
 		if (ret)
 			die("Cannot delete %s, not a symbolic ref", argv[0]);
-		return delete_ref(argv[0], NULL, REF_NODEREF);
+		if (!strcmp(argv[0], "HEAD"))
+			die("deleting '%s' is not allowed", argv[0]);
+		return delete_ref(NULL, argv[0], NULL, REF_NO_DEREF);
 	}
 
 	switch (argc) {
@@ -67,7 +69,7 @@ int cmd_symbolic_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (!strcmp(argv[0], "HEAD") &&
 		    !starts_with(argv[1], "refs/"))
 			die("Refusing to point HEAD outside of refs/");
-		create_symref(argv[0], argv[1], msg);
+		ret = !!create_symref(argv[0], argv[1], msg);
 		break;
 	default:
 		usage_with_options(git_symbolic_ref_usage, options);
diff --git a/builtin/tag.c b/builtin/tag.c
index 4194b9a711..9a19ffb49f 100644
--- a/builtin/tag.c
+++ b/builtin/tag.c
@@ -7,8 +7,10 @@
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
@@ -17,320 +19,108 @@
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
 #include "sha1-array.h"
 #include "column.h"
+#include "ref-filter.h"
 
 static const char * const git_tag_usage[] = {
 	N_("git tag [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]"),
 	N_("git tag -d <tagname>..."),
-	N_("git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>]"
-		"\n\t\t[<pattern>...]"),
-	N_("git tag -v <tagname>..."),
+	N_("git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--no-contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>]"
+		"\n\t\t[--format=<format>] [--[no-]merged [<commit>]] [<pattern>...]"),
+	N_("git tag -v [--format=<format>] <tagname>..."),
 	NULL
 };
 
-#define STRCMP_SORT     0	/* must be zero */
-#define VERCMP_SORT     1
-#define SORT_MASK       0x7fff
-#define REVERSE_SORT    0x8000
-
-static int tag_sort;
-
-struct tag_filter {
-	const char **patterns;
-	int lines;
-	int sort;
-	struct string_list tags;
-	struct commit_list *with_commit;
-};
-
-static struct sha1_array points_at;
 static unsigned int colopts;
+static int force_sign_annotate;
 
-static int match_pattern(const char **patterns, const char *ref)
-{
-	/* no pattern means match everything */
-	if (!*patterns)
-		return 1;
-	for (; *patterns; patterns++)
-		if (!wildmatch(*patterns, ref, 0, NULL))
-			return 1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static const unsigned char *match_points_at(const char *refname,
-					    const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	const unsigned char *tagged_sha1 = NULL;
-	struct object *obj;
-
-	if (sha1_array_lookup(&points_at, sha1) >= 0)
-		return sha1;
-	obj = parse_object(sha1);
-	if (!obj)
-		die(_("malformed object at '%s'"), refname);
-	if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
-		tagged_sha1 = ((struct tag *)obj)->tagged->sha1;
-	if (tagged_sha1 && sha1_array_lookup(&points_at, tagged_sha1) >= 0)
-		return tagged_sha1;
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-static int in_commit_list(const struct commit_list *want, struct commit *c)
-{
-	for (; want; want = want->next)
-		if (!hashcmp(want->item->object.sha1, c->object.sha1))
-			return 1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-enum contains_result {
-	CONTAINS_UNKNOWN = -1,
-	CONTAINS_NO = 0,
-	CONTAINS_YES = 1
-};
-
-/*
- * Test whether the candidate or one of its parents is contained in the list.
- * Do not recurse to find out, though, but return -1 if inconclusive.
- */
-static enum contains_result contains_test(struct commit *candidate,
-			    const struct commit_list *want)
-{
-	/* was it previously marked as containing a want commit? */
-	if (candidate->object.flags & TMP_MARK)
-		return 1;
-	/* or marked as not possibly containing a want commit? */
-	if (candidate->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
-		return 0;
-	/* or are we it? */
-	if (in_commit_list(want, candidate)) {
-		candidate->object.flags |= TMP_MARK;
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	if (parse_commit(candidate) < 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	return -1;
-}
-
-/*
- * Mimicking the real stack, this stack lives on the heap, avoiding stack
- * overflows.
- *
- * At each recursion step, the stack items points to the commits whose
- * ancestors are to be inspected.
- */
-struct stack {
-	int nr, alloc;
-	struct stack_entry {
-		struct commit *commit;
-		struct commit_list *parents;
-	} *stack;
-};
-
-static void push_to_stack(struct commit *candidate, struct stack *stack)
-{
-	int index = stack->nr++;
-	ALLOC_GROW(stack->stack, stack->nr, stack->alloc);
-	stack->stack[index].commit = candidate;
-	stack->stack[index].parents = candidate->parents;
-}
-
-static enum contains_result contains(struct commit *candidate,
-		const struct commit_list *want)
-{
-	struct stack stack = { 0, 0, NULL };
-	int result = contains_test(candidate, want);
-
-	if (result != CONTAINS_UNKNOWN)
-		return result;
-
-	push_to_stack(candidate, &stack);
-	while (stack.nr) {
-		struct stack_entry *entry = &stack.stack[stack.nr - 1];
-		struct commit *commit = entry->commit;
-		struct commit_list *parents = entry->parents;
-
-		if (!parents) {
-			commit->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
-			stack.nr--;
-		}
-		/*
-		 * If we just popped the stack, parents->item has been marked,
-		 * therefore contains_test will return a meaningful 0 or 1.
-		 */
-		else switch (contains_test(parents->item, want)) {
-		case CONTAINS_YES:
-			commit->object.flags |= TMP_MARK;
-			stack.nr--;
-			break;
-		case CONTAINS_NO:
-			entry->parents = parents->next;
-			break;
-		case CONTAINS_UNKNOWN:
-			push_to_stack(parents->item, &stack);
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	free(stack.stack);
-	return contains_test(candidate, want);
-}
-
-static void show_tag_lines(const unsigned char *sha1, int lines)
+static int list_tags(struct ref_filter *filter, struct ref_sorting *sorting,
+		     struct ref_format *format)
 {
+	struct ref_array array;
+	char *to_free = NULL;
 	int i;
-	unsigned long size;
-	enum object_type type;
-	char *buf, *sp, *eol;
-	size_t len;
-
-	buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
-	if (!buf)
-		die_errno("unable to read object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	if (type != OBJ_COMMIT && type != OBJ_TAG)
-		goto free_return;
-	if (!size)
-		die("an empty %s object %s?",
-		    typename(type), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-
-	/* skip header */
-	sp = strstr(buf, "\n\n");
-	if (!sp)
-		goto free_return;
-
-	/* only take up to "lines" lines, and strip the signature from a tag */
-	if (type == OBJ_TAG)
-		size = parse_signature(buf, size);
-	for (i = 0, sp += 2; i < lines && sp < buf + size; i++) {
-		if (i)
-			printf("\n    ");
-		eol = memchr(sp, '\n', size - (sp - buf));
-		len = eol ? eol - sp : size - (sp - buf);
-		fwrite(sp, len, 1, stdout);
-		if (!eol)
-			break;
-		sp = eol + 1;
-	}
-free_return:
-	free(buf);
-}
 
-static int show_reference(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
-			  int flag, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct tag_filter *filter = cb_data;
-
-	if (match_pattern(filter->patterns, refname)) {
-		if (filter->with_commit) {
-			struct commit *commit;
-
-			commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
-			if (!commit)
-				return 0;
-			if (!contains(commit, filter->with_commit))
-				return 0;
-		}
+	memset(&array, 0, sizeof(array));
 
-		if (points_at.nr && !match_points_at(refname, sha1))
-			return 0;
+	if (filter->lines == -1)
+		filter->lines = 0;
 
-		if (!filter->lines) {
-			if (filter->sort)
-				string_list_append(&filter->tags, refname);
-			else
-				printf("%s\n", refname);
-			return 0;
-		}
-		printf("%-15s ", refname);
-		show_tag_lines(sha1, filter->lines);
-		putchar('\n');
+	if (!format->format) {
+		if (filter->lines) {
+			to_free = xstrfmt("%s %%(contents:lines=%d)",
+					  "%(align:15)%(refname:lstrip=2)%(end)",
+					  filter->lines);
+			format->format = to_free;
+		} else
+			format->format = "%(refname:lstrip=2)";
 	}
 
-	return 0;
-}
+	if (verify_ref_format(format))
+		die(_("unable to parse format string"));
+	filter->with_commit_tag_algo = 1;
+	filter_refs(&array, filter, FILTER_REFS_TAGS);
+	ref_array_sort(sorting, &array);
 
-static int sort_by_version(const void *a_, const void *b_)
-{
-	const struct string_list_item *a = a_;
-	const struct string_list_item *b = b_;
-	return versioncmp(a->string, b->string);
-}
+	for (i = 0; i < array.nr; i++)
+		show_ref_array_item(array.items[i], format);
+	ref_array_clear(&array);
+	free(to_free);
 
-static int list_tags(const char **patterns, int lines,
-		     struct commit_list *with_commit, int sort)
-{
-	struct tag_filter filter;
-
-	filter.patterns = patterns;
-	filter.lines = lines;
-	filter.sort = sort;
-	filter.with_commit = with_commit;
-	memset(&filter.tags, 0, sizeof(filter.tags));
-	filter.tags.strdup_strings = 1;
-
-	for_each_tag_ref(show_reference, (void *) &filter);
-	if (sort) {
-		int i;
-		if ((sort & SORT_MASK) == VERCMP_SORT)
-			qsort(filter.tags.items, filter.tags.nr,
-			      sizeof(struct string_list_item), sort_by_version);
-		if (sort & REVERSE_SORT)
-			for (i = filter.tags.nr - 1; i >= 0; i--)
-				printf("%s\n", filter.tags.items[i].string);
-		else
-			for (i = 0; i < filter.tags.nr; i++)
-				printf("%s\n", filter.tags.items[i].string);
-		string_list_clear(&filter.tags, 0);
-	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
 typedef int (*each_tag_name_fn)(const char *name, const char *ref,
-				const unsigned char *sha1);
+				const struct object_id *oid, const void *cb_data);
 
-static int for_each_tag_name(const char **argv, each_tag_name_fn fn)
+static int for_each_tag_name(const char **argv, each_tag_name_fn fn,
+			     const void *cb_data)
 {
 	const char **p;
-	char ref[PATH_MAX];
+	struct strbuf ref = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int had_error = 0;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 
 	for (p = argv; *p; p++) {
-		if (snprintf(ref, sizeof(ref), "refs/tags/%s", *p)
-					>= sizeof(ref)) {
-			error(_("tag name too long: %.*s..."), 50, *p);
-			had_error = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (read_ref(ref, sha1)) {
+		strbuf_reset(&ref);
+		strbuf_addf(&ref, "refs/tags/%s", *p);
+		if (read_ref(ref.buf, &oid)) {
 			error(_("tag '%s' not found."), *p);
 			had_error = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (fn(*p, ref, sha1))
+		if (fn(*p, ref.buf, &oid, cb_data))
 			had_error = 1;
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&ref);
 	return had_error;
 }
 
 static int delete_tag(const char *name, const char *ref,
-				const unsigned char *sha1)
+		      const struct object_id *oid, const void *cb_data)
 {
-	if (delete_ref(ref, sha1, 0))
+	if (delete_ref(NULL, ref, oid, 0))
 		return 1;
-	printf(_("Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"), name, find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+	printf(_("Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"), name,
+	       find_unique_abbrev(oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int verify_tag(const char *name, const char *ref,
-				const unsigned char *sha1)
+		      const struct object_id *oid, const void *cb_data)
 {
-	const char *argv_verify_tag[] = {"verify-tag",
-					"-v", "SHA1_HEX", NULL};
-	argv_verify_tag[2] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
+	int flags;
+	const struct ref_format *format = cb_data;
+	flags = GPG_VERIFY_VERBOSE;
+
+	if (format->format)
+		flags = GPG_VERIFY_OMIT_STATUS;
+
+	if (gpg_verify_tag(oid, name, flags))
+		return -1;
+
+	if (format->format)
+		pretty_print_ref(name, oid, format);
 
-	if (run_command_v_opt(argv_verify_tag, RUN_GIT_CMD))
-		return error(_("could not verify the tag '%s'"), name);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -348,65 +138,38 @@ static const char tag_template_nocleanup[] =
 	"Lines starting with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them"
 	" yourself if you want to.\n");
 
-/*
- * Parse a sort string, and return 0 if parsed successfully. Will return
- * non-zero when the sort string does not parse into a known type. If var is
- * given, the error message becomes a warning and includes information about
- * the configuration value.
- */
-static int parse_sort_string(const char *var, const char *arg, int *sort)
-{
-	int type = 0, flags = 0;
-
-	if (skip_prefix(arg, "-", &arg))
-		flags |= REVERSE_SORT;
-
-	if (skip_prefix(arg, "version:", &arg) || skip_prefix(arg, "v:", &arg))
-		type = VERCMP_SORT;
-	else
-		type = STRCMP_SORT;
-
-	if (strcmp(arg, "refname")) {
-		if (!var)
-			return error(_("unsupported sort specification '%s'"), arg);
-		else {
-			warning(_("unsupported sort specification '%s' in variable '%s'"),
-				var, arg);
-			return -1;
-		}
-	}
-
-	*sort = (type | flags);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static int git_tag_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	int status;
+	struct ref_sorting **sorting_tail = (struct ref_sorting **)cb;
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "tag.sort")) {
 		if (!value)
 			return config_error_nonbool(var);
-		parse_sort_string(var, value, &tag_sort);
+		parse_ref_sorting(sorting_tail, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	status = git_gpg_config(var, value, cb);
 	if (status)
 		return status;
+	if (!strcmp(var, "tag.forcesignannotated")) {
+		force_sign_annotate = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (starts_with(var, "column."))
 		return git_column_config(var, value, "tag", &colopts);
-	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+	return git_color_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
-static void write_tag_body(int fd, const unsigned char *sha1)
+static void write_tag_body(int fd, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
 	char *buf, *sp;
 
-	buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	buf = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
 	if (!buf)
 		return;
 	/* skip header */
@@ -422,17 +185,18 @@ static void write_tag_body(int fd, const unsigned char *sha1)
 	free(buf);
 }
 
-static int build_tag_object(struct strbuf *buf, int sign, unsigned char *result)
+static int build_tag_object(struct strbuf *buf, int sign, struct object_id *result)
 {
 	if (sign && do_sign(buf) < 0)
 		return error(_("unable to sign the tag"));
-	if (write_sha1_file(buf->buf, buf->len, tag_type, result) < 0)
+	if (write_object_file(buf->buf, buf->len, tag_type, result) < 0)
 		return error(_("unable to write tag file"));
 	return 0;
 }
 
 struct create_tag_options {
 	unsigned int message_given:1;
+	unsigned int use_editor:1;
 	unsigned int sign;
 	enum {
 		CLEANUP_NONE,
@@ -441,33 +205,29 @@ struct create_tag_options {
 	} cleanup_mode;
 };
 
-static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
+static void create_tag(const struct object_id *object, const char *tag,
 		       struct strbuf *buf, struct create_tag_options *opt,
-		       unsigned char *prev, unsigned char *result)
+		       struct object_id *prev, struct object_id *result)
 {
 	enum object_type type;
-	char header_buf[1024];
-	int header_len;
+	struct strbuf header = STRBUF_INIT;
 	char *path = NULL;
 
-	type = sha1_object_info(object, NULL);
+	type = oid_object_info(the_repository, object, NULL);
 	if (type <= OBJ_NONE)
 	    die(_("bad object type."));
 
-	header_len = snprintf(header_buf, sizeof(header_buf),
-			  "object %s\n"
-			  "type %s\n"
-			  "tag %s\n"
-			  "tagger %s\n\n",
-			  sha1_to_hex(object),
-			  typename(type),
-			  tag,
-			  git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT));
-
-	if (header_len > sizeof(header_buf) - 1)
-		die(_("tag header too big."));
-
-	if (!opt->message_given) {
+	strbuf_addf(&header,
+		    "object %s\n"
+		    "type %s\n"
+		    "tag %s\n"
+		    "tagger %s\n\n",
+		    oid_to_hex(object),
+		    type_name(type),
+		    tag,
+		    git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT));
+
+	if (!opt->message_given || opt->use_editor) {
 		int fd;
 
 		/* write the template message before editing: */
@@ -476,7 +236,10 @@ static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
 		if (fd < 0)
 			die_errno(_("could not create file '%s'"), path);
 
-		if (!is_null_sha1(prev)) {
+		if (opt->message_given) {
+			write_or_die(fd, buf->buf, buf->len);
+			strbuf_reset(buf);
+		} else if (!is_null_oid(prev)) {
 			write_tag_body(fd, prev);
 		} else {
 			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -498,12 +261,13 @@ static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
 	}
 
 	if (opt->cleanup_mode != CLEANUP_NONE)
-		stripspace(buf, opt->cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL);
+		strbuf_stripspace(buf, opt->cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL);
 
 	if (!opt->message_given && !buf->len)
 		die(_("no tag message?"));
 
-	strbuf_insert(buf, 0, header_buf, header_len);
+	strbuf_insert(buf, 0, header.buf, header.len);
+	strbuf_release(&header);
 
 	if (build_tag_object(buf, opt->sign, result) < 0) {
 		if (path)
@@ -517,6 +281,54 @@ static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
 	}
 }
 
+static void create_reflog_msg(const struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	enum object_type type;
+	struct commit *c;
+	char *buf;
+	unsigned long size;
+	int subject_len = 0;
+	const char *subject_start;
+
+	char *rla = getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION");
+	if (rla) {
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, rla);
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, "tag: tagging ");
+		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(sb, oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addstr(sb, " (");
+	type = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
+	switch (type) {
+	default:
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, "object of unknown type");
+		break;
+	case OBJ_COMMIT:
+		if ((buf = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size)) != NULL) {
+			subject_len = find_commit_subject(buf, &subject_start);
+			strbuf_insert(sb, sb->len, subject_start, subject_len);
+		} else {
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, "commit object");
+		}
+		free(buf);
+
+		if ((c = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, oid)) != NULL)
+			strbuf_addf(sb, ", %s", show_date(c->date, 0, DATE_MODE(SHORT)));
+		break;
+	case OBJ_TREE:
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, "tree object");
+		break;
+	case OBJ_BLOB:
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, "blob object");
+		break;
+	case OBJ_TAG:
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, "other tag object");
+		break;
+	}
+	strbuf_addch(sb, ')');
+}
+
 struct msg_arg {
 	int given;
 	struct strbuf buf;
@@ -546,48 +358,30 @@ static int strbuf_check_tag_ref(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name)
 	return check_refname_format(sb->buf, 0);
 }
 
-static int parse_opt_points_at(const struct option *opt __attribute__((unused)),
-			const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-
-	if (unset) {
-		sha1_array_clear(&points_at);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	if (!arg)
-		return error(_("switch 'points-at' requires an object"));
-	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
-		return error(_("malformed object name '%s'"), arg);
-	sha1_array_append(&points_at, sha1);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int parse_opt_sort(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	int *sort = opt->value;
-
-	return parse_sort_string(NULL, arg, sort);
-}
-
 int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf ref = STRBUF_INIT;
-	unsigned char object[20], prev[20];
+	struct strbuf reflog_msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct object_id object, prev;
 	const char *object_ref, *tag;
 	struct create_tag_options opt;
 	char *cleanup_arg = NULL;
-	int annotate = 0, force = 0, lines = -1;
-	int cmdmode = 0;
+	int create_reflog = 0;
+	int annotate = 0, force = 0;
+	int cmdmode = 0, create_tag_object = 0;
 	const char *msgfile = NULL, *keyid = NULL;
 	struct msg_arg msg = { 0, STRBUF_INIT };
-	struct commit_list *with_commit = NULL;
 	struct ref_transaction *transaction;
 	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct ref_filter filter;
+	static struct ref_sorting *sorting = NULL, **sorting_tail = &sorting;
+	struct ref_format format = REF_FORMAT_INIT;
+	int icase = 0;
+	int edit_flag = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_CMDMODE('l', "list", &cmdmode, N_("list tag names"), 'l'),
-		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 'n', NULL, &lines, N_("n"),
+		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 'n', NULL, &filter.lines, N_("n"),
 				N_("print <n> lines of each tag message"),
 				PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, 1 },
 		OPT_CMDMODE('d', "delete", &cmdmode, N_("delete tags"), 'd'),
@@ -599,41 +393,44 @@ int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &msg, N_("message"),
 			     N_("tag message"), parse_msg_arg),
 		OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &msgfile, N_("read message from file")),
+		OPT_BOOL('e', "edit", &edit_flag, N_("force edit of tag message")),
 		OPT_BOOL('s', "sign", &opt.sign, N_("annotated and GPG-signed tag")),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "cleanup", &cleanup_arg, N_("mode"),
 			N_("how to strip spaces and #comments from message")),
 		OPT_STRING('u', "local-user", &keyid, N_("key-id"),
 					N_("use another key to sign the tag")),
-		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("replace the tag if exists")),
-		OPT_COLUMN(0, "column", &colopts, N_("show tag list in columns")),
-		{
-			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "sort", &tag_sort, N_("type"), N_("sort tags"),
-			PARSE_OPT_NONEG, parse_opt_sort
-		},
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("replace the tag if exists"), 0),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "create-reflog", &create_reflog, N_("create a reflog")),
 
 		OPT_GROUP(N_("Tag listing options")),
+		OPT_COLUMN(0, "column", &colopts, N_("show tag list in columns")),
+		OPT_CONTAINS(&filter.with_commit, N_("print only tags that contain the commit")),
+		OPT_NO_CONTAINS(&filter.no_commit, N_("print only tags that don't contain the commit")),
+		OPT_WITH(&filter.with_commit, N_("print only tags that contain the commit")),
+		OPT_WITHOUT(&filter.no_commit, N_("print only tags that don't contain the commit")),
+		OPT_MERGED(&filter, N_("print only tags that are merged")),
+		OPT_NO_MERGED(&filter, N_("print only tags that are not merged")),
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0 , "sort", sorting_tail, N_("key"),
+			     N_("field name to sort on"), &parse_opt_ref_sorting),
 		{
-			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "contains", &with_commit, N_("commit"),
-			N_("print only tags that contain the commit"),
-			PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT,
-			parse_opt_with_commit, (intptr_t)"HEAD",
-		},
-		{
-			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "with", &with_commit, N_("commit"),
-			N_("print only tags that contain the commit"),
-			PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT,
-			parse_opt_with_commit, (intptr_t)"HEAD",
-		},
-		{
-			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "points-at", NULL, N_("object"),
-			N_("print only tags of the object"), 0, parse_opt_points_at
+			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "points-at", &filter.points_at, N_("object"),
+			N_("print only tags of the object"), PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT,
+			parse_opt_object_name, (intptr_t) "HEAD"
 		},
+		OPT_STRING(  0 , "format", &format.format, N_("format"),
+			   N_("format to use for the output")),
+		OPT__COLOR(&format.use_color, N_("respect format colors")),
+		OPT_BOOL('i', "ignore-case", &icase, N_("sorting and filtering are case insensitive")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
-	git_config(git_tag_config, NULL);
+	setup_ref_filter_porcelain_msg();
+
+	git_config(git_tag_config, sorting_tail);
 
 	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
+	memset(&filter, 0, sizeof(filter));
+	filter.lines = -1;
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, git_tag_usage, 0);
 
@@ -641,20 +438,33 @@ int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		opt.sign = 1;
 		set_signing_key(keyid);
 	}
-	if (opt.sign)
-		annotate = 1;
-	if (argc == 0 && !cmdmode)
-		cmdmode = 'l';
+	create_tag_object = (opt.sign || annotate || msg.given || msgfile);
+
+	if (!cmdmode) {
+		if (argc == 0)
+			cmdmode = 'l';
+		else if (filter.with_commit || filter.no_commit ||
+			 filter.points_at.nr || filter.merge_commit ||
+			 filter.lines != -1)
+			cmdmode = 'l';
+	}
 
-	if ((annotate || msg.given || msgfile || force) && (cmdmode != 0))
+	if (cmdmode == 'l')
+		setup_auto_pager("tag", 1);
+
+	if ((create_tag_object || force) && (cmdmode != 0))
 		usage_with_options(git_tag_usage, options);
 
 	finalize_colopts(&colopts, -1);
-	if (cmdmode == 'l' && lines != -1) {
+	if (cmdmode == 'l' && filter.lines != -1) {
 		if (explicitly_enable_column(colopts))
 			die(_("--column and -n are incompatible"));
 		colopts = 0;
 	}
+	if (!sorting)
+		sorting = ref_default_sorting();
+	sorting->ignore_case = icase;
+	filter.ignore_case = icase;
 	if (cmdmode == 'l') {
 		int ret;
 		if (column_active(colopts)) {
@@ -663,28 +473,33 @@ int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			copts.padding = 2;
 			run_column_filter(colopts, &copts);
 		}
-		if (lines != -1 && tag_sort)
-			die(_("--sort and -n are incompatible"));
-		ret = list_tags(argv, lines == -1 ? 0 : lines, with_commit, tag_sort);
+		filter.name_patterns = argv;
+		ret = list_tags(&filter, sorting, &format);
 		if (column_active(colopts))
 			stop_column_filter();
 		return ret;
 	}
-	if (lines != -1)
-		die(_("-n option is only allowed with -l."));
-	if (with_commit)
-		die(_("--contains option is only allowed with -l."));
-	if (points_at.nr)
-		die(_("--points-at option is only allowed with -l."));
+	if (filter.lines != -1)
+		die(_("-n option is only allowed in list mode"));
+	if (filter.with_commit)
+		die(_("--contains option is only allowed in list mode"));
+	if (filter.no_commit)
+		die(_("--no-contains option is only allowed in list mode"));
+	if (filter.points_at.nr)
+		die(_("--points-at option is only allowed in list mode"));
+	if (filter.merge_commit)
+		die(_("--merged and --no-merged options are only allowed in list mode"));
 	if (cmdmode == 'd')
-		return for_each_tag_name(argv, delete_tag);
-	if (cmdmode == 'v')
-		return for_each_tag_name(argv, verify_tag);
+		return for_each_tag_name(argv, delete_tag, NULL);
+	if (cmdmode == 'v') {
+		if (format.format && verify_ref_format(&format))
+			usage_with_options(git_tag_usage, options);
+		return for_each_tag_name(argv, verify_tag, &format);
+	}
 
 	if (msg.given || msgfile) {
 		if (msg.given && msgfile)
 			die(_("only one -F or -m option is allowed."));
-		annotate = 1;
 		if (msg.given)
 			strbuf_addbuf(&buf, &(msg.buf));
 		else {
@@ -705,18 +520,19 @@ int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (argc > 2)
 		die(_("too many params"));
 
-	if (get_sha1(object_ref, object))
+	if (get_oid(object_ref, &object))
 		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), object_ref);
 
 	if (strbuf_check_tag_ref(&ref, tag))
 		die(_("'%s' is not a valid tag name."), tag);
 
-	if (read_ref(ref.buf, prev))
-		hashclr(prev);
+	if (read_ref(ref.buf, &prev))
+		oidclr(&prev);
 	else if (!force)
 		die(_("tag '%s' already exists"), tag);
 
 	opt.message_given = msg.given || msgfile;
+	opt.use_editor = edit_flag;
 
 	if (!cleanup_arg || !strcmp(cleanup_arg, "strip"))
 		opt.cleanup_mode = CLEANUP_ALL;
@@ -727,21 +543,30 @@ int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	else
 		die(_("Invalid cleanup mode %s"), cleanup_arg);
 
-	if (annotate)
-		create_tag(object, tag, &buf, &opt, prev, object);
+	create_reflog_msg(&object, &reflog_msg);
+
+	if (create_tag_object) {
+		if (force_sign_annotate && !annotate)
+			opt.sign = 1;
+		create_tag(&object, tag, &buf, &opt, &prev, &object);
+	}
 
 	transaction = ref_transaction_begin(&err);
 	if (!transaction ||
-	    ref_transaction_update(transaction, ref.buf, object, prev,
-				   0, NULL, &err) ||
+	    ref_transaction_update(transaction, ref.buf, &object, &prev,
+				   create_reflog ? REF_FORCE_CREATE_REFLOG : 0,
+				   reflog_msg.buf, &err) ||
 	    ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err))
 		die("%s", err.buf);
 	ref_transaction_free(transaction);
-	if (force && !is_null_sha1(prev) && hashcmp(prev, object))
-		printf(_("Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"), tag, find_unique_abbrev(prev, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-
-	strbuf_release(&err);
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	strbuf_release(&ref);
+	if (force && !is_null_oid(&prev) && oidcmp(&prev, &object))
+		printf(_("Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"), tag,
+		       find_unique_abbrev(&prev, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+
+	UNLEAK(buf);
+	UNLEAK(ref);
+	UNLEAK(reflog_msg);
+	UNLEAK(msg);
+	UNLEAK(err);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/unpack-file.c b/builtin/unpack-file.c
index 19200291a2..58652229f2 100644
--- a/builtin/unpack-file.c
+++ b/builtin/unpack-file.c
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
-static char *create_temp_file(unsigned char *sha1)
+static char *create_temp_file(struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	static char path[50];
 	void *buf;
@@ -8,13 +10,13 @@ static char *create_temp_file(unsigned char *sha1)
 	unsigned long size;
 	int fd;
 
-	buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	buf = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
 	if (!buf || type != OBJ_BLOB)
-		die("unable to read blob object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		die("unable to read blob object %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
 
-	strcpy(path, ".merge_file_XXXXXX");
+	xsnprintf(path, sizeof(path), ".merge_file_XXXXXX");
 	fd = xmkstemp(path);
-	if (write_in_full(fd, buf, size) != size)
+	if (write_in_full(fd, buf, size) < 0)
 		die_errno("unable to write temp-file");
 	close(fd);
 	return path;
@@ -22,15 +24,15 @@ static char *create_temp_file(unsigned char *sha1)
 
 int cmd_unpack_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 
 	if (argc != 2 || !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 		usage("git unpack-file <sha1>");
-	if (get_sha1(argv[1], sha1))
+	if (get_oid(argv[1], &oid))
 		die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[1]);
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
-	puts(create_temp_file(sha1));
+	puts(create_temp_file(&oid));
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/unpack-objects.c b/builtin/unpack-objects.c
index ac6667242c..30d9413b4b 100644
--- a/builtin/unpack-objects.c
+++ b/builtin/unpack-objects.c
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "delta.h"
 #include "pack.h"
@@ -13,13 +15,15 @@
 #include "fsck.h"
 
 static int dry_run, quiet, recover, has_errors, strict;
-static const char unpack_usage[] = "git unpack-objects [-n] [-q] [-r] [--strict] < pack-file";
+static const char unpack_usage[] = "git unpack-objects [-n] [-q] [-r] [--strict]";
 
 /* We always read in 4kB chunks. */
 static unsigned char buffer[4096];
 static unsigned int offset, len;
 static off_t consumed_bytes;
-static git_SHA_CTX ctx;
+static off_t max_input_size;
+static git_hash_ctx ctx;
+static struct fsck_options fsck_options = FSCK_OPTIONS_STRICT;
 
 /*
  * When running under --strict mode, objects whose reachability are
@@ -45,7 +49,7 @@ static void add_object_buffer(struct object *object, char *buffer, unsigned long
 	obj->buffer = buffer;
 	obj->size = size;
 	if (add_decoration(&obj_decorate, object, obj))
-		die("object %s tried to add buffer twice!", sha1_to_hex(object->sha1));
+		die("object %s tried to add buffer twice!", oid_to_hex(&object->oid));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -59,7 +63,7 @@ static void *fill(int min)
 	if (min > sizeof(buffer))
 		die("cannot fill %d bytes", min);
 	if (offset) {
-		git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, buffer, offset);
+		the_hash_algo->update_fn(&ctx, buffer, offset);
 		memmove(buffer, buffer + offset, len);
 		offset = 0;
 	}
@@ -86,6 +90,8 @@ static void use(int bytes)
 	if (signed_add_overflows(consumed_bytes, bytes))
 		die("pack too large for current definition of off_t");
 	consumed_bytes += bytes;
+	if (max_input_size && consumed_bytes > max_input_size)
+		die(_("pack exceeds maximum allowed size"));
 }
 
 static void *get_data(unsigned long size)
@@ -108,8 +114,7 @@ static void *get_data(unsigned long size)
 			break;
 		if (ret != Z_OK) {
 			error("inflate returned %d", ret);
-			free(buf);
-			buf = NULL;
+			FREE_AND_NULL(buf);
 			if (!recover)
 				exit(1);
 			has_errors = 1;
@@ -123,7 +128,7 @@ static void *get_data(unsigned long size)
 }
 
 struct delta_info {
-	unsigned char base_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id base_oid;
 	unsigned nr;
 	off_t base_offset;
 	unsigned long size;
@@ -133,13 +138,13 @@ struct delta_info {
 
 static struct delta_info *delta_list;
 
-static void add_delta_to_list(unsigned nr, unsigned const char *base_sha1,
+static void add_delta_to_list(unsigned nr, const struct object_id *base_oid,
 			      off_t base_offset,
 			      void *delta, unsigned long size)
 {
 	struct delta_info *info = xmalloc(sizeof(*info));
 
-	hashcpy(info->base_sha1, base_sha1);
+	oidcpy(&info->base_oid, base_oid);
 	info->base_offset = base_offset;
 	info->size = size;
 	info->delta = delta;
@@ -150,10 +155,11 @@ static void add_delta_to_list(unsigned nr, unsigned const char *base_sha1,
 
 struct obj_info {
 	off_t offset;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct object *obj;
 };
 
+/* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
 #define FLAG_OPEN (1u<<20)
 #define FLAG_WRITTEN (1u<<21)
 
@@ -166,10 +172,11 @@ static unsigned nr_objects;
  */
 static void write_cached_object(struct object *obj, struct obj_buffer *obj_buf)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 
-	if (write_sha1_file(obj_buf->buffer, obj_buf->size, typename(obj->type), sha1) < 0)
-		die("failed to write object %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+	if (write_object_file(obj_buf->buffer, obj_buf->size,
+			      type_name(obj->type), &oid) < 0)
+		die("failed to write object %s", oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
 	obj->flags |= FLAG_WRITTEN;
 }
 
@@ -178,7 +185,7 @@ static void write_cached_object(struct object *obj, struct obj_buffer *obj_buf)
  * that have reachability requirements and calls this function.
  * Verify its reachability and validity recursively and write it out.
  */
-static int check_object(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
+static int check_object(struct object *obj, int type, void *data, struct fsck_options *options)
 {
 	struct obj_buffer *obj_buf;
 
@@ -193,7 +200,7 @@ static int check_object(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
 
 	if (!(obj->flags & FLAG_OPEN)) {
 		unsigned long size;
-		int type = sha1_object_info(obj->sha1, &size);
+		int type = oid_object_info(the_repository, &obj->oid, &size);
 		if (type != obj->type || type <= 0)
 			die("object of unexpected type");
 		obj->flags |= FLAG_WRITTEN;
@@ -202,12 +209,12 @@ static int check_object(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
 
 	obj_buf = lookup_object_buffer(obj);
 	if (!obj_buf)
-		die("Whoops! Cannot find object '%s'", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
-	if (fsck_object(obj, obj_buf->buffer, obj_buf->size, 1,
-			fsck_error_function))
-		die("Error in object");
-	if (fsck_walk(obj, check_object, NULL))
-		die("Error on reachable objects of %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+		die("Whoops! Cannot find object '%s'", oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
+	if (fsck_object(obj, obj_buf->buffer, obj_buf->size, &fsck_options))
+		die("fsck error in packed object");
+	fsck_options.walk = check_object;
+	if (fsck_walk(obj, NULL, &fsck_options))
+		die("Error on reachable objects of %s", oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
 	write_cached_object(obj, obj_buf);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -217,7 +224,7 @@ static void write_rest(void)
 	unsigned i;
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 		if (obj_list[i].obj)
-			check_object(obj_list[i].obj, OBJ_ANY, NULL);
+			check_object(obj_list[i].obj, OBJ_ANY, NULL, NULL);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -233,19 +240,21 @@ static void write_object(unsigned nr, enum object_type type,
 			 void *buf, unsigned long size)
 {
 	if (!strict) {
-		if (write_sha1_file(buf, size, typename(type), obj_list[nr].sha1) < 0)
+		if (write_object_file(buf, size, type_name(type),
+				      &obj_list[nr].oid) < 0)
 			die("failed to write object");
 		added_object(nr, type, buf, size);
 		free(buf);
 		obj_list[nr].obj = NULL;
 	} else if (type == OBJ_BLOB) {
 		struct blob *blob;
-		if (write_sha1_file(buf, size, typename(type), obj_list[nr].sha1) < 0)
+		if (write_object_file(buf, size, type_name(type),
+				      &obj_list[nr].oid) < 0)
 			die("failed to write object");
 		added_object(nr, type, buf, size);
 		free(buf);
 
-		blob = lookup_blob(obj_list[nr].sha1);
+		blob = lookup_blob(the_repository, &obj_list[nr].oid);
 		if (blob)
 			blob->object.flags |= FLAG_WRITTEN;
 		else
@@ -254,11 +263,13 @@ static void write_object(unsigned nr, enum object_type type,
 	} else {
 		struct object *obj;
 		int eaten;
-		hash_sha1_file(buf, size, typename(type), obj_list[nr].sha1);
+		hash_object_file(buf, size, type_name(type), &obj_list[nr].oid);
 		added_object(nr, type, buf, size);
-		obj = parse_object_buffer(obj_list[nr].sha1, type, size, buf, &eaten);
+		obj = parse_object_buffer(the_repository, &obj_list[nr].oid,
+					  type, size, buf,
+					  &eaten);
 		if (!obj)
-			die("invalid %s", typename(type));
+			die("invalid %s", type_name(type));
 		add_object_buffer(obj, buf, size);
 		obj->flags |= FLAG_OPEN;
 		obj_list[nr].obj = obj;
@@ -292,7 +303,7 @@ static void added_object(unsigned nr, enum object_type type,
 	struct delta_info *info;
 
 	while ((info = *p) != NULL) {
-		if (!hashcmp(info->base_sha1, obj_list[nr].sha1) ||
+		if (!oidcmp(&info->base_oid, &obj_list[nr].oid) ||
 		    info->base_offset == obj_list[nr].offset) {
 			*p = info->next;
 			p = &delta_list;
@@ -316,12 +327,12 @@ static void unpack_non_delta_entry(enum object_type type, unsigned long size,
 		free(buf);
 }
 
-static int resolve_against_held(unsigned nr, const unsigned char *base,
+static int resolve_against_held(unsigned nr, const struct object_id *base,
 				void *delta_data, unsigned long delta_size)
 {
 	struct object *obj;
 	struct obj_buffer *obj_buffer;
-	obj = lookup_object(base);
+	obj = lookup_object(the_repository, base->hash);
 	if (!obj)
 		return 0;
 	obj_buffer = lookup_object_buffer(obj);
@@ -337,25 +348,25 @@ static void unpack_delta_entry(enum object_type type, unsigned long delta_size,
 {
 	void *delta_data, *base;
 	unsigned long base_size;
-	unsigned char base_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id base_oid;
 
 	if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
-		hashcpy(base_sha1, fill(20));
-		use(20);
+		hashcpy(base_oid.hash, fill(the_hash_algo->rawsz));
+		use(the_hash_algo->rawsz);
 		delta_data = get_data(delta_size);
 		if (dry_run || !delta_data) {
 			free(delta_data);
 			return;
 		}
-		if (has_sha1_file(base_sha1))
+		if (has_object_file(&base_oid))
 			; /* Ok we have this one */
-		else if (resolve_against_held(nr, base_sha1,
+		else if (resolve_against_held(nr, &base_oid,
 					      delta_data, delta_size))
 			return; /* we are done */
 		else {
 			/* cannot resolve yet --- queue it */
-			hashcpy(obj_list[nr].sha1, null_sha1);
-			add_delta_to_list(nr, base_sha1, 0, delta_data, delta_size);
+			oidclr(&obj_list[nr].oid);
+			add_delta_to_list(nr, &base_oid, 0, delta_data, delta_size);
 			return;
 		}
 	} else {
@@ -389,14 +400,14 @@ static void unpack_delta_entry(enum object_type type, unsigned long delta_size,
 		lo = 0;
 		hi = nr;
 		while (lo < hi) {
-			mid = (lo + hi)/2;
+			mid = lo + (hi - lo) / 2;
 			if (base_offset < obj_list[mid].offset) {
 				hi = mid;
 			} else if (base_offset > obj_list[mid].offset) {
 				lo = mid + 1;
 			} else {
-				hashcpy(base_sha1, obj_list[mid].sha1);
-				base_found = !is_null_sha1(base_sha1);
+				oidcpy(&base_oid, &obj_list[mid].oid);
+				base_found = !is_null_oid(&base_oid);
 				break;
 			}
 		}
@@ -405,19 +416,19 @@ static void unpack_delta_entry(enum object_type type, unsigned long delta_size,
 			 * The delta base object is itself a delta that
 			 * has not been resolved yet.
 			 */
-			hashcpy(obj_list[nr].sha1, null_sha1);
-			add_delta_to_list(nr, null_sha1, base_offset, delta_data, delta_size);
+			oidclr(&obj_list[nr].oid);
+			add_delta_to_list(nr, &null_oid, base_offset, delta_data, delta_size);
 			return;
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (resolve_against_held(nr, base_sha1, delta_data, delta_size))
+	if (resolve_against_held(nr, &base_oid, delta_data, delta_size))
 		return;
 
-	base = read_sha1_file(base_sha1, &type, &base_size);
+	base = read_object_file(&base_oid, &type, &base_size);
 	if (!base) {
 		error("failed to read delta-pack base object %s",
-		      sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
+		      oid_to_hex(&base_oid));
 		if (!recover)
 			exit(1);
 		has_errors = 1;
@@ -501,9 +512,9 @@ static void unpack_all(void)
 int cmd_unpack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 
-	check_replace_refs = 0;
+	read_replace_refs = 0;
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
@@ -529,6 +540,11 @@ int cmd_unpack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				strict = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (skip_prefix(arg, "--strict=", &arg)) {
+				strict = 1;
+				fsck_set_msg_types(&fsck_options, arg);
+				continue;
+			}
 			if (starts_with(arg, "--pack_header=")) {
 				struct pack_header *hdr;
 				char *c;
@@ -544,21 +560,28 @@ int cmd_unpack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				len = sizeof(*hdr);
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (skip_prefix(arg, "--max-input-size=", &arg)) {
+				max_input_size = strtoumax(arg, NULL, 10);
+				continue;
+			}
 			usage(unpack_usage);
 		}
 
 		/* We don't take any non-flag arguments now.. Maybe some day */
 		usage(unpack_usage);
 	}
-	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
+	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&ctx);
 	unpack_all();
-	git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, buffer, offset);
-	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
-	if (strict)
+	the_hash_algo->update_fn(&ctx, buffer, offset);
+	the_hash_algo->final_fn(oid.hash, &ctx);
+	if (strict) {
 		write_rest();
-	if (hashcmp(fill(20), sha1))
+		if (fsck_finish(&fsck_options))
+			die(_("fsck error in pack objects"));
+	}
+	if (hashcmp(fill(the_hash_algo->rawsz), oid.hash))
 		die("final sha1 did not match");
-	use(20);
+	use(the_hash_algo->rawsz);
 
 	/* Write the last part of the buffer to stdout */
 	while (len) {
diff --git a/builtin/update-index.c b/builtin/update-index.c
index 587898624c..fe84003b4f 100644
--- a/builtin/update-index.c
+++ b/builtin/update-index.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@
 #include "pathspec.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "split-index.h"
+#include "fsmonitor.h"
 
 /*
  * Default to not allowing changes to the list of files. The
@@ -31,8 +33,19 @@ static int force_remove;
 static int verbose;
 static int mark_valid_only;
 static int mark_skip_worktree_only;
+static int mark_fsmonitor_only;
 #define MARK_FLAG 1
 #define UNMARK_FLAG 2
+static struct strbuf mtime_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+/* Untracked cache mode */
+enum uc_mode {
+	UC_UNSPECIFIED = -1,
+	UC_DISABLE = 0,
+	UC_ENABLE,
+	UC_TEST,
+	UC_FORCE
+};
 
 __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
 static void report(const char *fmt, ...)
@@ -48,11 +61,176 @@ static void report(const char *fmt, ...)
 	va_end(vp);
 }
 
+static void remove_test_directory(void)
+{
+	if (mtime_dir.len)
+		remove_dir_recursively(&mtime_dir, 0);
+}
+
+static const char *get_mtime_path(const char *path)
+{
+	static struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/%s", mtime_dir.buf, path);
+	return sb.buf;
+}
+
+static void xmkdir(const char *path)
+{
+	path = get_mtime_path(path);
+	if (mkdir(path, 0700))
+		die_errno(_("failed to create directory %s"), path);
+}
+
+static int xstat_mtime_dir(struct stat *st)
+{
+	if (stat(mtime_dir.buf, st))
+		die_errno(_("failed to stat %s"), mtime_dir.buf);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int create_file(const char *path)
+{
+	int fd;
+	path = get_mtime_path(path);
+	fd = open(path, O_CREAT | O_RDWR, 0644);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		die_errno(_("failed to create file %s"), path);
+	return fd;
+}
+
+static void xunlink(const char *path)
+{
+	path = get_mtime_path(path);
+	if (unlink(path))
+		die_errno(_("failed to delete file %s"), path);
+}
+
+static void xrmdir(const char *path)
+{
+	path = get_mtime_path(path);
+	if (rmdir(path))
+		die_errno(_("failed to delete directory %s"), path);
+}
+
+static void avoid_racy(void)
+{
+	/*
+	 * not use if we could usleep(10) if USE_NSEC is defined. The
+	 * field nsec could be there, but the OS could choose to
+	 * ignore it?
+	 */
+	sleep(1);
+}
+
+static int test_if_untracked_cache_is_supported(void)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	struct stat_data base;
+	int fd, ret = 0;
+	char *cwd;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&mtime_dir, "mtime-test-XXXXXX");
+	if (!mkdtemp(mtime_dir.buf))
+		die_errno("Could not make temporary directory");
+
+	cwd = xgetcwd();
+	fprintf(stderr, _("Testing mtime in '%s' "), cwd);
+	free(cwd);
+
+	atexit(remove_test_directory);
+	xstat_mtime_dir(&st);
+	fill_stat_data(&base, &st);
+	fputc('.', stderr);
+
+	avoid_racy();
+	fd = create_file("newfile");
+	xstat_mtime_dir(&st);
+	if (!match_stat_data(&base, &st)) {
+		close(fd);
+		fputc('\n', stderr);
+		fprintf_ln(stderr,_("directory stat info does not "
+				    "change after adding a new file"));
+		goto done;
+	}
+	fill_stat_data(&base, &st);
+	fputc('.', stderr);
+
+	avoid_racy();
+	xmkdir("new-dir");
+	xstat_mtime_dir(&st);
+	if (!match_stat_data(&base, &st)) {
+		close(fd);
+		fputc('\n', stderr);
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("directory stat info does not change "
+				     "after adding a new directory"));
+		goto done;
+	}
+	fill_stat_data(&base, &st);
+	fputc('.', stderr);
+
+	avoid_racy();
+	write_or_die(fd, "data", 4);
+	close(fd);
+	xstat_mtime_dir(&st);
+	if (match_stat_data(&base, &st)) {
+		fputc('\n', stderr);
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("directory stat info changes "
+				     "after updating a file"));
+		goto done;
+	}
+	fputc('.', stderr);
+
+	avoid_racy();
+	close(create_file("new-dir/new"));
+	xstat_mtime_dir(&st);
+	if (match_stat_data(&base, &st)) {
+		fputc('\n', stderr);
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("directory stat info changes after "
+				     "adding a file inside subdirectory"));
+		goto done;
+	}
+	fputc('.', stderr);
+
+	avoid_racy();
+	xunlink("newfile");
+	xstat_mtime_dir(&st);
+	if (!match_stat_data(&base, &st)) {
+		fputc('\n', stderr);
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("directory stat info does not "
+				     "change after deleting a file"));
+		goto done;
+	}
+	fill_stat_data(&base, &st);
+	fputc('.', stderr);
+
+	avoid_racy();
+	xunlink("new-dir/new");
+	xrmdir("new-dir");
+	xstat_mtime_dir(&st);
+	if (!match_stat_data(&base, &st)) {
+		fputc('\n', stderr);
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("directory stat info does not "
+				     "change after deleting a directory"));
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if (rmdir(mtime_dir.buf))
+		die_errno(_("failed to delete directory %s"), mtime_dir.buf);
+	fprintf_ln(stderr, _(" OK"));
+	ret = 1;
+
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&mtime_dir);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 static int mark_ce_flags(const char *path, int flag, int mark)
 {
 	int namelen = strlen(path);
 	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, namelen);
 	if (0 <= pos) {
+		mark_fsmonitor_invalid(&the_index, active_cache[pos]);
 		if (mark)
 			active_cache[pos]->ce_flags |= flag;
 		else
@@ -83,37 +261,38 @@ static int remove_one_path(const char *path)
  */
 static int process_lstat_error(const char *path, int err)
 {
-	if (err == ENOENT || err == ENOTDIR)
+	if (is_missing_file_error(err))
 		return remove_one_path(path);
-	return error("lstat(\"%s\"): %s", path, strerror(errno));
+	return error("lstat(\"%s\"): %s", path, strerror(err));
 }
 
 static int add_one_path(const struct cache_entry *old, const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
 {
-	int option, size;
+	int option;
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
 
 	/* Was the old index entry already up-to-date? */
 	if (old && !ce_stage(old) && !ce_match_stat(old, st, 0))
 		return 0;
 
-	size = cache_entry_size(len);
-	ce = xcalloc(1, size);
+	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(&the_index, len);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);
 	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(0);
 	ce->ce_namelen = len;
 	fill_stat_cache_info(ce, st);
 	ce->ce_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(old, st->st_mode);
 
-	if (index_path(ce->sha1, path, st,
+	if (index_path(&ce->oid, path, st,
 		       info_only ? 0 : HASH_WRITE_OBJECT)) {
-		free(ce);
+		discard_cache_entry(ce);
 		return -1;
 	}
 	option = allow_add ? ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD : 0;
 	option |= allow_replace ? ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE : 0;
-	if (add_cache_entry(ce, option))
+	if (add_cache_entry(ce, option)) {
+		discard_cache_entry(ce);
 		return error("%s: cannot add to the index - missing --add option?", path);
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -142,7 +321,7 @@ static int add_one_path(const struct cache_entry *old, const char *path, int len
  */
 static int process_directory(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
 
 	/* Exact match: file or existing gitlink */
@@ -151,7 +330,7 @@ static int process_directory(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
 		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
 
 			/* Do nothing to the index if there is no HEAD! */
-			if (resolve_gitlink_ref(path, "HEAD", sha1) < 0)
+			if (resolve_gitlink_ref(path, "HEAD", &oid) < 0)
 				return 0;
 
 			return add_one_path(ce, path, len, st);
@@ -177,17 +356,16 @@ static int process_directory(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
 	}
 
 	/* No match - should we add it as a gitlink? */
-	if (!resolve_gitlink_ref(path, "HEAD", sha1))
+	if (!resolve_gitlink_ref(path, "HEAD", &oid))
 		return add_one_path(NULL, path, len, st);
 
 	/* Error out. */
 	return error("%s: is a directory - add files inside instead", path);
 }
 
-static int process_path(const char *path)
+static int process_path(const char *path, struct stat *st, int stat_errno)
 {
 	int pos, len;
-	struct stat st;
 	const struct cache_entry *ce;
 
 	len = strlen(path);
@@ -211,29 +389,28 @@ static int process_path(const char *path)
 	 * First things first: get the stat information, to decide
 	 * what to do about the pathname!
 	 */
-	if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
-		return process_lstat_error(path, errno);
+	if (stat_errno)
+		return process_lstat_error(path, stat_errno);
 
-	if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
-		return process_directory(path, len, &st);
+	if (S_ISDIR(st->st_mode))
+		return process_directory(path, len, st);
 
-	return add_one_path(ce, path, len, &st);
+	return add_one_path(ce, path, len, st);
 }
 
-static int add_cacheinfo(unsigned int mode, const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int add_cacheinfo(unsigned int mode, const struct object_id *oid,
 			 const char *path, int stage)
 {
-	int size, len, option;
+	int len, option;
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
 
-	if (!verify_path(path))
+	if (!verify_path(path, mode))
 		return error("Invalid path '%s'", path);
 
 	len = strlen(path);
-	size = cache_entry_size(len);
-	ce = xcalloc(1, size);
+	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(&the_index, len);
 
-	hashcpy(ce->sha1, sha1);
+	oidcpy(&ce->oid, oid);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);
 	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
 	ce->ce_namelen = len;
@@ -249,30 +426,18 @@ static int add_cacheinfo(unsigned int mode, const unsigned char *sha1,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void chmod_path(int flip, const char *path)
+static void chmod_path(char flip, const char *path)
 {
 	int pos;
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
-	unsigned int mode;
 
 	pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
 	if (pos < 0)
 		goto fail;
 	ce = active_cache[pos];
-	mode = ce->ce_mode;
-	if (!S_ISREG(mode))
-		goto fail;
-	switch (flip) {
-	case '+':
-		ce->ce_mode |= 0111; break;
-	case '-':
-		ce->ce_mode &= ~0111; break;
-	default:
+	if (chmod_cache_entry(ce, flip) < 0)
 		goto fail;
-	}
-	cache_tree_invalidate_path(&the_index, path);
-	ce->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
-	active_cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_CHANGED;
+
 	report("chmod %cx '%s'", flip, path);
 	return;
  fail:
@@ -281,7 +446,18 @@ static void chmod_path(int flip, const char *path)
 
 static void update_one(const char *path)
 {
-	if (!verify_path(path)) {
+	int stat_errno = 0;
+	struct stat st;
+
+	if (mark_valid_only || mark_skip_worktree_only || force_remove ||
+	    mark_fsmonitor_only)
+		st.st_mode = 0;
+	else if (lstat(path, &st) < 0) {
+		st.st_mode = 0;
+		stat_errno = errno;
+	} /* else stat is valid */
+
+	if (!verify_path(path, st.st_mode)) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Ignoring path %s\n", path);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -295,6 +471,11 @@ static void update_one(const char *path)
 			die("Unable to mark file %s", path);
 		return;
 	}
+	if (mark_fsmonitor_only) {
+		if (mark_ce_flags(path, CE_FSMONITOR_VALID, mark_fsmonitor_only == MARK_FLAG))
+			die("Unable to mark file %s", path);
+		return;
+	}
 
 	if (force_remove) {
 		if (remove_file_from_cache(path))
@@ -302,20 +483,23 @@ static void update_one(const char *path)
 		report("remove '%s'", path);
 		return;
 	}
-	if (process_path(path))
+	if (process_path(path, &st, stat_errno))
 		die("Unable to process path %s", path);
 	report("add '%s'", path);
 }
 
-static void read_index_info(int line_termination)
+static void read_index_info(int nul_term_line)
 {
+	const int hexsz = the_hash_algo->hexsz;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf uq = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_getline_fn getline_fn;
 
-	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, line_termination) != EOF) {
+	getline_fn = nul_term_line ? strbuf_getline_nul : strbuf_getline_lf;
+	while (getline_fn(&buf, stdin) != EOF) {
 		char *ptr, *tab;
 		char *path_name;
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		unsigned int mode;
 		unsigned long ul;
 		int stage;
@@ -344,7 +528,7 @@ static void read_index_info(int line_termination)
 		mode = ul;
 
 		tab = strchr(ptr, '\t');
-		if (!tab || tab - ptr < 41)
+		if (!tab || tab - ptr < hexsz + 1)
 			goto bad_line;
 
 		if (tab[-2] == ' ' && '0' <= tab[-1] && tab[-1] <= '3') {
@@ -357,11 +541,12 @@ static void read_index_info(int line_termination)
 			ptr = tab + 1; /* point at the head of path */
 		}
 
-		if (get_sha1_hex(tab - 40, sha1) || tab[-41] != ' ')
+		if (get_oid_hex(tab - hexsz, &oid) ||
+			tab[-(hexsz + 1)] != ' ')
 			goto bad_line;
 
 		path_name = ptr;
-		if (line_termination && path_name[0] == '"') {
+		if (!nul_term_line && path_name[0] == '"') {
 			strbuf_reset(&uq);
 			if (unquote_c_style(&uq, path_name, NULL)) {
 				die("git update-index: bad quoting of path name");
@@ -369,7 +554,7 @@ static void read_index_info(int line_termination)
 			path_name = uq.buf;
 		}
 
-		if (!verify_path(path_name)) {
+		if (!verify_path(path_name, mode)) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Ignoring path %s\n", path_name);
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -385,8 +570,8 @@ static void read_index_info(int line_termination)
 			 * ptr[-1] points at tab,
 			 * ptr[-41] is at the beginning of sha1
 			 */
-			ptr[-42] = ptr[-1] = 0;
-			if (add_cacheinfo(mode, sha1, path_name, stage))
+			ptr[-(hexsz + 2)] = ptr[-1] = 0;
+			if (add_cacheinfo(mode, &oid, path_name, stage))
 				die("git update-index: unable to update %s",
 				    path_name);
 		}
@@ -404,19 +589,18 @@ static const char * const update_index_usage[] = {
 	NULL
 };
 
-static unsigned char head_sha1[20];
-static unsigned char merge_head_sha1[20];
+static struct object_id head_oid;
+static struct object_id merge_head_oid;
 
 static struct cache_entry *read_one_ent(const char *which,
-					unsigned char *ent, const char *path,
+					struct object_id *ent, const char *path,
 					int namelen, int stage)
 {
 	unsigned mode;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int size;
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
 
-	if (get_tree_entry(ent, path, sha1, &mode)) {
+	if (get_tree_entry(ent, path, &oid, &mode)) {
 		if (which)
 			error("%s: not in %s branch.", path, which);
 		return NULL;
@@ -426,10 +610,9 @@ static struct cache_entry *read_one_ent(const char *which,
 			error("%s: not a blob in %s branch.", path, which);
 		return NULL;
 	}
-	size = cache_entry_size(namelen);
-	ce = xcalloc(1, size);
+	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(&the_index, namelen);
 
-	hashcpy(ce->sha1, sha1);
+	oidcpy(&ce->oid, &oid);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, namelen);
 	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
 	ce->ce_namelen = namelen;
@@ -479,14 +662,14 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 	 * stuff HEAD version in stage #2,
 	 * stuff MERGE_HEAD version in stage #3.
 	 */
-	ce_2 = read_one_ent("our", head_sha1, path, namelen, 2);
-	ce_3 = read_one_ent("their", merge_head_sha1, path, namelen, 3);
+	ce_2 = read_one_ent("our", &head_oid, path, namelen, 2);
+	ce_3 = read_one_ent("their", &merge_head_oid, path, namelen, 3);
 
 	if (!ce_2 || !ce_3) {
 		ret = -1;
 		goto free_return;
 	}
-	if (!hashcmp(ce_2->sha1, ce_3->sha1) &&
+	if (!oidcmp(&ce_2->oid, &ce_3->oid) &&
 	    ce_2->ce_mode == ce_3->ce_mode) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: identical in both, skipping.\n",
 			path);
@@ -504,16 +687,16 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 	error("%s: cannot add their version to the index.", path);
 	ret = -1;
  free_return:
-	free(ce_2);
-	free(ce_3);
+	discard_cache_entry(ce_2);
+	discard_cache_entry(ce_3);
 	return ret;
 }
 
 static void read_head_pointers(void)
 {
-	if (read_ref("HEAD", head_sha1))
+	if (read_ref("HEAD", &head_oid))
 		die("No HEAD -- no initial commit yet?");
-	if (read_ref("MERGE_HEAD", merge_head_sha1)) {
+	if (read_ref("MERGE_HEAD", &merge_head_oid)) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Not in the middle of a merge.\n");
 		exit(0);
 	}
@@ -532,10 +715,9 @@ static int do_unresolve(int ac, const char **av,
 
 	for (i = 1; i < ac; i++) {
 		const char *arg = av[i];
-		const char *p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, arg);
+		char *p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, arg);
 		err |= unresolve_one(p);
-		if (p < arg || p > arg + strlen(arg))
-			free((char *)p);
+		free(p);
 	}
 	return err;
 }
@@ -554,7 +736,7 @@ static int do_reupdate(int ac, const char **av,
 		       PATHSPEC_PREFER_CWD,
 		       prefix, av + 1);
 
-	if (read_ref("HEAD", head_sha1))
+	if (read_ref("HEAD", &head_oid))
 		/* If there is no HEAD, that means it is an initial
 		 * commit.  Update everything in the index.
 		 */
@@ -566,14 +748,14 @@ static int do_reupdate(int ac, const char **av,
 		int save_nr;
 		char *path;
 
-		if (ce_stage(ce) || !ce_path_match(ce, &pathspec, NULL))
+		if (ce_stage(ce) || !ce_path_match(&the_index, ce, &pathspec, NULL))
 			continue;
 		if (has_head)
-			old = read_one_ent(NULL, head_sha1,
+			old = read_one_ent(NULL, &head_oid,
 					   ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0);
 		if (old && ce->ce_mode == old->ce_mode &&
-		    !hashcmp(ce->sha1, old->sha1)) {
-			free(old);
+		    !oidcmp(&ce->oid, &old->oid)) {
+			discard_cache_entry(old);
 			continue; /* unchanged */
 		}
 		/* Be careful.  The working tree may not have the
@@ -584,10 +766,11 @@ static int do_reupdate(int ac, const char **av,
 		path = xstrdup(ce->name);
 		update_one(path);
 		free(path);
+		discard_cache_entry(old);
 		if (save_nr != active_nr)
 			goto redo;
 	}
-	free_pathspec(&pathspec);
+	clear_pathspec(&pathspec);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -635,11 +818,12 @@ static int resolve_undo_clear_callback(const struct option *opt,
 
 static int parse_new_style_cacheinfo(const char *arg,
 				     unsigned int *mode,
-				     unsigned char sha1[],
+				     struct object_id *oid,
 				     const char **path)
 {
 	unsigned long ul;
 	char *endp;
+	const char *p;
 
 	if (!arg)
 		return -1;
@@ -650,21 +834,21 @@ static int parse_new_style_cacheinfo(const char *arg,
 		return -1; /* not a new-style cacheinfo */
 	*mode = ul;
 	endp++;
-	if (get_sha1_hex(endp, sha1) || endp[40] != ',')
+	if (parse_oid_hex(endp, oid, &p) || *p != ',')
 		return -1;
-	*path = endp + 41;
+	*path = p + 1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int cacheinfo_callback(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 				const struct option *opt, int unset)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	unsigned int mode;
 	const char *path;
 
-	if (!parse_new_style_cacheinfo(ctx->argv[1], &mode, sha1, &path)) {
-		if (add_cacheinfo(mode, sha1, path, 0))
+	if (!parse_new_style_cacheinfo(ctx->argv[1], &mode, &oid, &path)) {
+		if (add_cacheinfo(mode, &oid, path, 0))
 			die("git update-index: --cacheinfo cannot add %s", path);
 		ctx->argv++;
 		ctx->argc--;
@@ -673,8 +857,8 @@ static int cacheinfo_callback(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 	if (ctx->argc <= 3)
 		return error("option 'cacheinfo' expects <mode>,<sha1>,<path>");
 	if (strtoul_ui(*++ctx->argv, 8, &mode) ||
-	    get_sha1_hex(*++ctx->argv, sha1) ||
-	    add_cacheinfo(mode, sha1, *++ctx->argv, 0))
+	    get_oid_hex(*++ctx->argv, &oid) ||
+	    add_cacheinfo(mode, &oid, *++ctx->argv, 0))
 		die("git update-index: --cacheinfo cannot add %s", *ctx->argv);
 	ctx->argc -= 3;
 	return 0;
@@ -683,12 +867,12 @@ static int cacheinfo_callback(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 static int stdin_cacheinfo_callback(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 			      const struct option *opt, int unset)
 {
-	int *line_termination = opt->value;
+	int *nul_term_line = opt->value;
 
 	if (ctx->argc != 1)
 		return error("option '%s' must be the last argument", opt->long_name);
 	allow_add = allow_replace = allow_remove = 1;
-	read_index_info(*line_termination);
+	read_index_info(*nul_term_line);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -740,7 +924,8 @@ static int reupdate_callback(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 
 int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int newfd, entries, has_errors = 0, line_termination = '\n';
+	int newfd, entries, has_errors = 0, nul_term_line = 0;
+	enum uc_mode untracked_cache = UC_UNSPECIFIED;
 	int read_from_stdin = 0;
 	int prefix_length = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
 	int preferred_index_format = 0;
@@ -748,8 +933,11 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct refresh_params refresh_args = {0, &has_errors};
 	int lock_error = 0;
 	int split_index = -1;
-	struct lock_file *lock_file;
+	int force_write = 0;
+	int fsmonitor = -1;
+	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
 	struct parse_opt_ctx_t ctx;
+	strbuf_getline_fn getline_fn;
 	int parseopt_state = PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BIT('q', NULL, &refresh_args.flags,
@@ -781,9 +969,9 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | /* disallow --cacheinfo=<mode> form */
 			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP,
 			(parse_opt_cb *) cacheinfo_callback},
-		{OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "chmod", &set_executable_bit, N_("(+/-)x"),
+		{OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "chmod", &set_executable_bit, "(+|-)x",
 			N_("override the executable bit of the listed files"),
-			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP,
+			PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			chmod_callback},
 		{OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "assume-unchanged", &mark_valid_only, NULL,
 			N_("mark files as \"not changing\""),
@@ -801,13 +989,13 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			N_("add to index only; do not add content to object database"), 1),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "force-remove", &force_remove,
 			N_("remove named paths even if present in worktree"), 1),
-		OPT_SET_INT('z', NULL, &line_termination,
-			N_("with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"), '\0'),
+		OPT_BOOL('z', NULL, &nul_term_line,
+			 N_("with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes")),
 		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "stdin", &read_from_stdin, NULL,
 			N_("read list of paths to be updated from standard input"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG,
 			(parse_opt_cb *) stdin_callback},
-		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "index-info", &line_termination, NULL,
+		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "index-info", &nul_term_line, NULL,
 			N_("add entries from standard input to the index"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG,
 			(parse_opt_cb *) stdin_cacheinfo_callback},
@@ -832,6 +1020,22 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			N_("write index in this format")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "split-index", &split_index,
 			N_("enable or disable split index")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "untracked-cache", &untracked_cache,
+			N_("enable/disable untracked cache")),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "test-untracked-cache", &untracked_cache,
+			    N_("test if the filesystem supports untracked cache"), UC_TEST),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "force-untracked-cache", &untracked_cache,
+			    N_("enable untracked cache without testing the filesystem"), UC_FORCE),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "force-write-index", &force_write,
+			N_("write out the index even if is not flagged as changed"), 1),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "fsmonitor", &fsmonitor,
+			N_("enable or disable file system monitor")),
+		{OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "fsmonitor-valid", &mark_fsmonitor_only, NULL,
+			N_("mark files as fsmonitor valid"),
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, MARK_FLAG},
+		{OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "no-fsmonitor-valid", &mark_fsmonitor_only, NULL,
+			N_("clear fsmonitor valid bit"),
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, UNMARK_FLAG},
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -840,10 +1044,8 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
-	/* We can't free this memory, it becomes part of a linked list parsed atexit() */
-	lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
-
-	newfd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 0);
+	/* we will diagnose later if it turns out that we need to update it */
+	newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 0);
 	if (newfd < 0)
 		lock_error = errno;
 
@@ -865,19 +1067,20 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			break;
 		switch (parseopt_state) {
 		case PARSE_OPT_HELP:
+		case PARSE_OPT_ERROR:
 			exit(129);
 		case PARSE_OPT_NON_OPTION:
 		case PARSE_OPT_DONE:
 		{
 			const char *path = ctx.argv[0];
-			const char *p;
+			char *p;
 
 			setup_work_tree();
 			p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, path);
 			update_one(p);
 			if (set_executable_bit)
 				chmod_path(set_executable_bit, p);
-			free((char *)p);
+			free(p);
 			ctx.argc--;
 			ctx.argv++;
 			break;
@@ -891,6 +1094,8 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		}
 	}
 	argc = parse_options_end(&ctx);
+
+	getline_fn = nul_term_line ? strbuf_getline_nul : strbuf_getline_lf;
 	if (preferred_index_format) {
 		if (preferred_index_format < INDEX_FORMAT_LB ||
 		    INDEX_FORMAT_UB < preferred_index_format)
@@ -904,52 +1109,99 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (read_from_stdin) {
-		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf unquoted = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 		setup_work_tree();
-		while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, line_termination) != EOF) {
-			const char *p;
-			if (line_termination && buf.buf[0] == '"') {
-				strbuf_reset(&nbuf);
-				if (unquote_c_style(&nbuf, buf.buf, NULL))
+		while (getline_fn(&buf, stdin) != EOF) {
+			char *p;
+			if (!nul_term_line && buf.buf[0] == '"') {
+				strbuf_reset(&unquoted);
+				if (unquote_c_style(&unquoted, buf.buf, NULL))
 					die("line is badly quoted");
-				strbuf_swap(&buf, &nbuf);
+				strbuf_swap(&buf, &unquoted);
 			}
 			p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, buf.buf);
 			update_one(p);
 			if (set_executable_bit)
 				chmod_path(set_executable_bit, p);
-			free((char *)p);
+			free(p);
 		}
-		strbuf_release(&nbuf);
+		strbuf_release(&unquoted);
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	}
 
 	if (split_index > 0) {
-		init_split_index(&the_index);
-		the_index.cache_changed |= SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED;
-	} else if (!split_index && the_index.split_index) {
-		/*
-		 * can't discard_split_index(&the_index); because that
-		 * will destroy split_index->base->cache[], which may
-		 * be shared with the_index.cache[]. So yeah we're
-		 * leaking a bit here.
-		 */
-		the_index.split_index = NULL;
-		the_index.cache_changed |= SOMETHING_CHANGED;
+		if (git_config_get_split_index() == 0)
+			warning(_("core.splitIndex is set to false; "
+				  "remove or change it, if you really want to "
+				  "enable split index"));
+		if (the_index.split_index)
+			the_index.cache_changed |= SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED;
+		else
+			add_split_index(&the_index);
+	} else if (!split_index) {
+		if (git_config_get_split_index() == 1)
+			warning(_("core.splitIndex is set to true; "
+				  "remove or change it, if you really want to "
+				  "disable split index"));
+		remove_split_index(&the_index);
+	}
+
+	switch (untracked_cache) {
+	case UC_UNSPECIFIED:
+		break;
+	case UC_DISABLE:
+		if (git_config_get_untracked_cache() == 1)
+			warning(_("core.untrackedCache is set to true; "
+				  "remove or change it, if you really want to "
+				  "disable the untracked cache"));
+		remove_untracked_cache(&the_index);
+		report(_("Untracked cache disabled"));
+		break;
+	case UC_TEST:
+		setup_work_tree();
+		return !test_if_untracked_cache_is_supported();
+	case UC_ENABLE:
+	case UC_FORCE:
+		if (git_config_get_untracked_cache() == 0)
+			warning(_("core.untrackedCache is set to false; "
+				  "remove or change it, if you really want to "
+				  "enable the untracked cache"));
+		add_untracked_cache(&the_index);
+		report(_("Untracked cache enabled for '%s'"), get_git_work_tree());
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG("bad untracked_cache value: %d", untracked_cache);
+	}
+
+	if (fsmonitor > 0) {
+		if (git_config_get_fsmonitor() == 0)
+			warning(_("core.fsmonitor is unset; "
+				"set it if you really want to "
+				"enable fsmonitor"));
+		add_fsmonitor(&the_index);
+		report(_("fsmonitor enabled"));
+	} else if (!fsmonitor) {
+		if (git_config_get_fsmonitor() == 1)
+			warning(_("core.fsmonitor is set; "
+				"remove it if you really want to "
+				"disable fsmonitor"));
+		remove_fsmonitor(&the_index);
+		report(_("fsmonitor disabled"));
 	}
 
-	if (active_cache_changed) {
+	if (active_cache_changed || force_write) {
 		if (newfd < 0) {
 			if (refresh_args.flags & REFRESH_QUIET)
 				exit(128);
 			unable_to_lock_die(get_index_file(), lock_error);
 		}
-		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
+		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
 			die("Unable to write new index file");
 	}
 
-	rollback_lock_file(lock_file);
+	rollback_lock_file(&lock_file);
 
 	return has_errors ? 1 : 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/update-ref.c b/builtin/update-ref.c
index 3d79a46b03..4fa3c0a86f 100644
--- a/builtin/update-ref.c
+++ b/builtin/update-ref.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ static const char * const git_update_ref_usage[] = {
 
 static char line_termination = '\n';
 static int update_flags;
+static unsigned create_reflog_flag;
 static const char *msg;
 
 /*
@@ -92,10 +94,10 @@ static char *parse_refname(struct strbuf *input, const char **next)
  * provided but cannot be converted to a SHA-1, die.  flags can
  * include PARSE_SHA1_OLD and/or PARSE_SHA1_ALLOW_EMPTY.
  */
-static int parse_next_sha1(struct strbuf *input, const char **next,
-			   unsigned char *sha1,
-			   const char *command, const char *refname,
-			   int flags)
+static int parse_next_oid(struct strbuf *input, const char **next,
+			  struct object_id *oid,
+			  const char *command, const char *refname,
+			  int flags)
 {
 	struct strbuf arg = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int ret = 0;
@@ -113,11 +115,11 @@ static int parse_next_sha1(struct strbuf *input, const char **next,
 		(*next)++;
 		*next = parse_arg(*next, &arg);
 		if (arg.len) {
-			if (get_sha1(arg.buf, sha1))
+			if (get_oid(arg.buf, oid))
 				goto invalid;
 		} else {
 			/* Without -z, an empty value means all zeros: */
-			hashclr(sha1);
+			oidclr(oid);
 		}
 	} else {
 		/* With -z, read the next NUL-terminated line */
@@ -131,13 +133,13 @@ static int parse_next_sha1(struct strbuf *input, const char **next,
 		*next += arg.len;
 
 		if (arg.len) {
-			if (get_sha1(arg.buf, sha1))
+			if (get_oid(arg.buf, oid))
 				goto invalid;
 		} else if (flags & PARSE_SHA1_ALLOW_EMPTY) {
 			/* With -z, treat an empty value as all zeros: */
 			warning("%s %s: missing <newvalue>, treating as zero",
 				command, refname);
-			hashclr(sha1);
+			oidclr(oid);
 		} else {
 			/*
 			 * With -z, an empty non-required value means
@@ -180,27 +182,27 @@ static const char *parse_cmd_update(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
 {
 	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 	char *refname;
-	unsigned char new_sha1[20];
-	unsigned char old_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id new_oid, old_oid;
 	int have_old;
 
 	refname = parse_refname(input, &next);
 	if (!refname)
 		die("update: missing <ref>");
 
-	if (parse_next_sha1(input, &next, new_sha1, "update", refname,
-			    PARSE_SHA1_ALLOW_EMPTY))
+	if (parse_next_oid(input, &next, &new_oid, "update", refname,
+			   PARSE_SHA1_ALLOW_EMPTY))
 		die("update %s: missing <newvalue>", refname);
 
-	have_old = !parse_next_sha1(input, &next, old_sha1, "update", refname,
-				    PARSE_SHA1_OLD);
+	have_old = !parse_next_oid(input, &next, &old_oid, "update", refname,
+				   PARSE_SHA1_OLD);
 
 	if (*next != line_termination)
 		die("update %s: extra input: %s", refname, next);
 
 	if (ref_transaction_update(transaction, refname,
-				   new_sha1, have_old ? old_sha1 : NULL,
-				   update_flags, msg, &err))
+				   &new_oid, have_old ? &old_oid : NULL,
+				   update_flags | create_reflog_flag,
+				   msg, &err))
 		die("%s", err.buf);
 
 	update_flags = 0;
@@ -215,23 +217,24 @@ static const char *parse_cmd_create(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
 {
 	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 	char *refname;
-	unsigned char new_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id new_oid;
 
 	refname = parse_refname(input, &next);
 	if (!refname)
 		die("create: missing <ref>");
 
-	if (parse_next_sha1(input, &next, new_sha1, "create", refname, 0))
+	if (parse_next_oid(input, &next, &new_oid, "create", refname, 0))
 		die("create %s: missing <newvalue>", refname);
 
-	if (is_null_sha1(new_sha1))
+	if (is_null_oid(&new_oid))
 		die("create %s: zero <newvalue>", refname);
 
 	if (*next != line_termination)
 		die("create %s: extra input: %s", refname, next);
 
-	if (ref_transaction_create(transaction, refname, new_sha1,
-				   update_flags, msg, &err))
+	if (ref_transaction_create(transaction, refname, &new_oid,
+				   update_flags | create_reflog_flag,
+				   msg, &err))
 		die("%s", err.buf);
 
 	update_flags = 0;
@@ -246,18 +249,18 @@ static const char *parse_cmd_delete(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
 {
 	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 	char *refname;
-	unsigned char old_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id old_oid;
 	int have_old;
 
 	refname = parse_refname(input, &next);
 	if (!refname)
 		die("delete: missing <ref>");
 
-	if (parse_next_sha1(input, &next, old_sha1, "delete", refname,
-			    PARSE_SHA1_OLD)) {
+	if (parse_next_oid(input, &next, &old_oid, "delete", refname,
+			   PARSE_SHA1_OLD)) {
 		have_old = 0;
 	} else {
-		if (is_null_sha1(old_sha1))
+		if (is_null_oid(&old_oid))
 			die("delete %s: zero <oldvalue>", refname);
 		have_old = 1;
 	}
@@ -266,7 +269,7 @@ static const char *parse_cmd_delete(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
 		die("delete %s: extra input: %s", refname, next);
 
 	if (ref_transaction_delete(transaction, refname,
-				   have_old ? old_sha1 : NULL,
+				   have_old ? &old_oid : NULL,
 				   update_flags, msg, &err))
 		die("%s", err.buf);
 
@@ -282,20 +285,20 @@ static const char *parse_cmd_verify(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
 {
 	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 	char *refname;
-	unsigned char old_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id old_oid;
 
 	refname = parse_refname(input, &next);
 	if (!refname)
 		die("verify: missing <ref>");
 
-	if (parse_next_sha1(input, &next, old_sha1, "verify", refname,
-			    PARSE_SHA1_OLD))
-		hashclr(old_sha1);
+	if (parse_next_oid(input, &next, &old_oid, "verify", refname,
+			   PARSE_SHA1_OLD))
+		oidclr(&old_oid);
 
 	if (*next != line_termination)
 		die("verify %s: extra input: %s", refname, next);
 
-	if (ref_transaction_verify(transaction, refname, old_sha1,
+	if (ref_transaction_verify(transaction, refname, &old_oid,
 				   update_flags, &err))
 		die("%s", err.buf);
 
@@ -308,11 +311,12 @@ static const char *parse_cmd_verify(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
 
 static const char *parse_cmd_option(struct strbuf *input, const char *next)
 {
-	if (!strncmp(next, "no-deref", 8) && next[8] == line_termination)
-		update_flags |= REF_NODEREF;
+	const char *rest;
+	if (skip_prefix(next, "no-deref", &rest) && *rest == line_termination)
+		update_flags |= REF_NO_DEREF;
 	else
 		die("option unknown: %s", next);
-	return next + 8;
+	return rest;
 }
 
 static void update_refs_stdin(struct ref_transaction *transaction)
@@ -329,16 +333,16 @@ static void update_refs_stdin(struct ref_transaction *transaction)
 			die("empty command in input");
 		else if (isspace(*next))
 			die("whitespace before command: %s", next);
-		else if (starts_with(next, "update "))
-			next = parse_cmd_update(transaction, &input, next + 7);
-		else if (starts_with(next, "create "))
-			next = parse_cmd_create(transaction, &input, next + 7);
-		else if (starts_with(next, "delete "))
-			next = parse_cmd_delete(transaction, &input, next + 7);
-		else if (starts_with(next, "verify "))
-			next = parse_cmd_verify(transaction, &input, next + 7);
-		else if (starts_with(next, "option "))
-			next = parse_cmd_option(&input, next + 7);
+		else if (skip_prefix(next, "update ", &next))
+			next = parse_cmd_update(transaction, &input, next);
+		else if (skip_prefix(next, "create ", &next))
+			next = parse_cmd_create(transaction, &input, next);
+		else if (skip_prefix(next, "delete ", &next))
+			next = parse_cmd_delete(transaction, &input, next);
+		else if (skip_prefix(next, "verify ", &next))
+			next = parse_cmd_verify(transaction, &input, next);
+		else if (skip_prefix(next, "option ", &next))
+			next = parse_cmd_option(&input, next);
 		else
 			die("unknown command: %s", next);
 
@@ -351,9 +355,10 @@ static void update_refs_stdin(struct ref_transaction *transaction)
 int cmd_update_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	const char *refname, *oldval;
-	unsigned char sha1[20], oldsha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid, oldoid;
 	int delete = 0, no_deref = 0, read_stdin = 0, end_null = 0;
 	unsigned int flags = 0;
+	int create_reflog = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_STRING( 'm', NULL, &msg, N_("reason"), N_("reason of the update")),
 		OPT_BOOL('d', NULL, &delete, N_("delete the reference")),
@@ -361,6 +366,7 @@ int cmd_update_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 					N_("update <refname> not the one it points to")),
 		OPT_BOOL('z', NULL, &end_null, N_("stdin has NUL-terminated arguments")),
 		OPT_BOOL( 0 , "stdin", &read_stdin, N_("read updates from stdin")),
+		OPT_BOOL( 0 , "create-reflog", &create_reflog, N_("create a reflog")),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
@@ -370,6 +376,8 @@ int cmd_update_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (msg && !*msg)
 		die("Refusing to perform update with empty message.");
 
+	create_reflog_flag = create_reflog ? REF_FORCE_CREATE_REFLOG : 0;
+
 	if (read_stdin) {
 		struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 		struct ref_transaction *transaction;
@@ -404,19 +412,33 @@ int cmd_update_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		refname = argv[0];
 		value = argv[1];
 		oldval = argv[2];
-		if (get_sha1(value, sha1))
+		if (get_oid(value, &oid))
 			die("%s: not a valid SHA1", value);
 	}
 
-	hashclr(oldsha1); /* all-zero hash in case oldval is the empty string */
-	if (oldval && *oldval && get_sha1(oldval, oldsha1))
-		die("%s: not a valid old SHA1", oldval);
+	if (oldval) {
+		if (!*oldval)
+			/*
+			 * The empty string implies that the reference
+			 * must not already exist:
+			 */
+			oidclr(&oldoid);
+		else if (get_oid(oldval, &oldoid))
+			die("%s: not a valid old SHA1", oldval);
+	}
 
 	if (no_deref)
-		flags = REF_NODEREF;
+		flags = REF_NO_DEREF;
 	if (delete)
-		return delete_ref(refname, oldval ? oldsha1 : NULL, flags);
+		/*
+		 * For purposes of backwards compatibility, we treat
+		 * NULL_SHA1 as "don't care" here:
+		 */
+		return delete_ref(msg, refname,
+				  (oldval && !is_null_oid(&oldoid)) ? &oldoid : NULL,
+				  flags);
 	else
-		return update_ref(msg, refname, sha1, oldval ? oldsha1 : NULL,
-				  flags, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
+		return update_ref(msg, refname, &oid, oldval ? &oldoid : NULL,
+				  flags | create_reflog_flag,
+				  UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
 }
diff --git a/builtin/update-server-info.c b/builtin/update-server-info.c
index 6c8cc3edc1..4321a34456 100644
--- a/builtin/update-server-info.c
+++ b/builtin/update-server-info.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ int cmd_update_server_info(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int force = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("update the info files from scratch")),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("update the info files from scratch"), 0),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
diff --git a/builtin/upload-archive.c b/builtin/upload-archive.c
index 32ab94cd06..25d9116356 100644
--- a/builtin/upload-archive.c
+++ b/builtin/upload-archive.c
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ int cmd_upload_archive_writer(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct argv_array sent_argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 	const char *arg_cmd = "argument ";
 
-	if (argc != 2)
+	if (argc != 2 || !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 		usage(upload_archive_usage);
 
 	if (!enter_repo(argv[1], 0))
@@ -43,21 +43,21 @@ int cmd_upload_archive_writer(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	/* parse all options sent by the client */
-	return write_archive(sent_argv.argc, sent_argv.argv, prefix, 0, NULL, 1);
+	return write_archive(sent_argv.argc, sent_argv.argv, prefix,
+			     the_repository, NULL, 1);
 }
 
 __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
 static void error_clnt(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	char buf[1024];
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	va_list params;
-	int len;
 
 	va_start(params, fmt);
-	len = vsprintf(buf, fmt, params);
+	strbuf_vaddf(&buf, fmt, params);
 	va_end(params);
-	send_sideband(1, 3, buf, len, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
-	die("sent error to the client: %s", buf);
+	send_sideband(1, 3, buf.buf, buf.len, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
+	die("sent error to the client: %s", buf.buf);
 }
 
 static ssize_t process_input(int child_fd, int band)
@@ -77,6 +77,9 @@ int cmd_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct child_process writer = { argv };
 
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage(upload_archive_usage);
+
 	/*
 	 * Set up sideband subprocess.
 	 *
@@ -89,11 +92,11 @@ int cmd_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	writer.git_cmd = 1;
 	if (start_command(&writer)) {
 		int err = errno;
-		packet_write(1, "NACK unable to spawn subprocess\n");
+		packet_write_fmt(1, "NACK unable to spawn subprocess\n");
 		die("upload-archive: %s", strerror(err));
 	}
 
-	packet_write(1, "ACK\n");
+	packet_write_fmt(1, "ACK\n");
 	packet_flush(1);
 
 	while (1) {
@@ -105,8 +108,7 @@ int cmd_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		pfd[1].events = POLLIN;
 		if (poll(pfd, 2, -1) < 0) {
 			if (errno != EINTR) {
-				error("poll failed resuming: %s",
-				      strerror(errno));
+				error_errno("poll failed resuming");
 				sleep(1);
 			}
 			continue;
diff --git a/builtin/upload-pack.c b/builtin/upload-pack.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..42dc4da5a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin/upload-pack.c
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
+#include "pkt-line.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "protocol.h"
+#include "upload-pack.h"
+#include "serve.h"
+
+static const char * const upload_pack_usage[] = {
+	N_("git upload-pack [<options>] <dir>"),
+	NULL
+};
+
+int cmd_upload_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char *dir;
+	int strict = 0;
+	struct upload_pack_options opts = { 0 };
+	struct serve_options serve_opts = SERVE_OPTIONS_INIT;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "stateless-rpc", &opts.stateless_rpc,
+			 N_("quit after a single request/response exchange")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "advertise-refs", &opts.advertise_refs,
+			 N_("exit immediately after initial ref advertisement")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "strict", &strict,
+			 N_("do not try <directory>/.git/ if <directory> is no Git directory")),
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "timeout", &opts.timeout,
+			    N_("interrupt transfer after <n> seconds of inactivity")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	packet_trace_identity("upload-pack");
+	read_replace_refs = 0;
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, upload_pack_usage, 0);
+
+	if (argc != 1)
+		usage_with_options(upload_pack_usage, options);
+
+	if (opts.timeout)
+		opts.daemon_mode = 1;
+
+	setup_path();
+
+	dir = argv[0];
+
+	if (!enter_repo(dir, strict))
+		die("'%s' does not appear to be a git repository", dir);
+
+	switch (determine_protocol_version_server()) {
+	case protocol_v2:
+		serve_opts.advertise_capabilities = opts.advertise_refs;
+		serve_opts.stateless_rpc = opts.stateless_rpc;
+		serve(&serve_opts);
+		break;
+	case protocol_v1:
+		/*
+		 * v1 is just the original protocol with a version string,
+		 * so just fall through after writing the version string.
+		 */
+		if (opts.advertise_refs || !opts.stateless_rpc)
+			packet_write_fmt(1, "version 1\n");
+
+		/* fallthrough */
+	case protocol_v0:
+		upload_pack(&opts);
+		break;
+	case protocol_unknown_version:
+		BUG("unknown protocol version");
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/builtin/var.c b/builtin/var.c
index aedbb53a2d..6c6f46b4ae 100644
--- a/builtin/var.c
+++ b/builtin/var.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  * Copyright (C) Eric Biederman, 2005
  */
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
 
 static const char var_usage[] = "git var (-l | <variable>)";
 
diff --git a/builtin/verify-commit.c b/builtin/verify-commit.c
index ec0c4e3d83..7772c07ed7 100644
--- a/builtin/verify-commit.c
+++ b/builtin/verify-commit.c
@@ -6,7 +6,10 @@
  * Based on git-verify-tag
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include <signal.h>
@@ -18,43 +21,40 @@ static const char * const verify_commit_usage[] = {
 		NULL
 };
 
-static int run_gpg_verify(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *buf, unsigned long size, int verbose)
+static int run_gpg_verify(const struct object_id *oid, const char *buf, unsigned long size, unsigned flags)
 {
 	struct signature_check signature_check;
+	int ret;
 
 	memset(&signature_check, 0, sizeof(signature_check));
 
-	check_commit_signature(lookup_commit(sha1), &signature_check);
-
-	if (verbose && signature_check.payload)
-		fputs(signature_check.payload, stdout);
-
-	if (signature_check.gpg_output)
-		fputs(signature_check.gpg_output, stderr);
+	ret = check_commit_signature(lookup_commit(the_repository, oid),
+				     &signature_check);
+	print_signature_buffer(&signature_check, flags);
 
 	signature_check_clear(&signature_check);
-	return signature_check.result != 'G';
+	return ret;
 }
 
-static int verify_commit(const char *name, int verbose)
+static int verify_commit(const char *name, unsigned flags)
 {
 	enum object_type type;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	char *buf;
 	unsigned long size;
 	int ret;
 
-	if (get_sha1(name, sha1))
+	if (get_oid(name, &oid))
 		return error("commit '%s' not found.", name);
 
-	buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	buf = read_object_file(&oid, &type, &size);
 	if (!buf)
 		return error("%s: unable to read file.", name);
 	if (type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 		return error("%s: cannot verify a non-commit object of type %s.",
-				name, typename(type));
+				name, type_name(type));
 
-	ret = run_gpg_verify(sha1, buf, size, verbose);
+	ret = run_gpg_verify(&oid, buf, size, flags);
 
 	free(buf);
 	return ret;
@@ -71,8 +71,10 @@ static int git_verify_commit_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb
 int cmd_verify_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i = 1, verbose = 0, had_error = 0;
+	unsigned flags = 0;
 	const struct option verify_commit_options[] = {
 		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("print commit contents")),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "raw", &flags, N_("print raw gpg status output"), GPG_VERIFY_RAW),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -83,11 +85,14 @@ int cmd_verify_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (argc <= i)
 		usage_with_options(verify_commit_usage, verify_commit_options);
 
+	if (verbose)
+		flags |= GPG_VERIFY_VERBOSE;
+
 	/* sometimes the program was terminated because this signal
 	 * was received in the process of writing the gpg input: */
 	signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
 	while (i < argc)
-		if (verify_commit(argv[i++], verbose))
+		if (verify_commit(argv[i++], flags))
 			had_error = 1;
 	return had_error;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/verify-pack.c b/builtin/verify-pack.c
index c94e156932..c2a1a5c504 100644
--- a/builtin/verify-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/verify-pack.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
diff --git a/builtin/verify-tag.c b/builtin/verify-tag.c
index 53c68fce3a..6fa04b751a 100644
--- a/builtin/verify-tag.c
+++ b/builtin/verify-tag.c
@@ -6,58 +6,20 @@
  * Based on git-verify-tag.sh
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include <signal.h>
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
+#include "ref-filter.h"
 
 static const char * const verify_tag_usage[] = {
-		N_("git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] <tag>..."),
+		N_("git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<format>] <tag>..."),
 		NULL
 };
 
-static int run_gpg_verify(const char *buf, unsigned long size, int verbose)
-{
-	int len;
-
-	len = parse_signature(buf, size);
-	if (verbose)
-		write_in_full(1, buf, len);
-
-	if (size == len)
-		return error("no signature found");
-
-	return verify_signed_buffer(buf, len, buf + len, size - len, NULL, NULL);
-}
-
-static int verify_tag(const char *name, int verbose)
-{
-	enum object_type type;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char *buf;
-	unsigned long size;
-	int ret;
-
-	if (get_sha1(name, sha1))
-		return error("tag '%s' not found.", name);
-
-	type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
-	if (type != OBJ_TAG)
-		return error("%s: cannot verify a non-tag object of type %s.",
-				name, typename(type));
-
-	buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
-	if (!buf)
-		return error("%s: unable to read file.", name);
-
-	ret = run_gpg_verify(buf, size, verbose);
-
-	free(buf);
-	return ret;
-}
-
 static int git_verify_tag_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	int status = git_gpg_config(var, value, cb);
@@ -69,8 +31,12 @@ static int git_verify_tag_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 int cmd_verify_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i = 1, verbose = 0, had_error = 0;
+	unsigned flags = 0;
+	struct ref_format format = REF_FORMAT_INIT;
 	const struct option verify_tag_options[] = {
 		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("print tag contents")),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "raw", &flags, N_("print raw gpg status output"), GPG_VERIFY_RAW),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "format", &format.format, N_("format"), N_("format to use for the output")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -81,11 +47,32 @@ int cmd_verify_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (argc <= i)
 		usage_with_options(verify_tag_usage, verify_tag_options);
 
-	/* sometimes the program was terminated because this signal
-	 * was received in the process of writing the gpg input: */
-	signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
-	while (i < argc)
-		if (verify_tag(argv[i++], verbose))
+	if (verbose)
+		flags |= GPG_VERIFY_VERBOSE;
+
+	if (format.format) {
+		if (verify_ref_format(&format))
+			usage_with_options(verify_tag_usage,
+					   verify_tag_options);
+		flags |= GPG_VERIFY_OMIT_STATUS;
+	}
+
+	while (i < argc) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		const char *name = argv[i++];
+
+		if (get_oid(name, &oid)) {
+			had_error = !!error("tag '%s' not found.", name);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (gpg_verify_tag(&oid, name, flags)) {
 			had_error = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (format.format)
+			pretty_print_ref(name, &oid, &format);
+	}
 	return had_error;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/worktree.c b/builtin/worktree.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..41e7714396
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin/worktree.c
@@ -0,0 +1,918 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "checkout.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
+#include "branch.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+#include "worktree.h"
+
+static const char * const worktree_usage[] = {
+	N_("git worktree add [<options>] <path> [<commit-ish>]"),
+	N_("git worktree list [<options>]"),
+	N_("git worktree lock [<options>] <path>"),
+	N_("git worktree move <worktree> <new-path>"),
+	N_("git worktree prune [<options>]"),
+	N_("git worktree remove [<options>] <worktree>"),
+	N_("git worktree unlock <path>"),
+	NULL
+};
+
+struct add_opts {
+	int force;
+	int detach;
+	int quiet;
+	int checkout;
+	int keep_locked;
+};
+
+static int show_only;
+static int verbose;
+static int guess_remote;
+static timestamp_t expire;
+
+static int git_worktree_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "worktree.guessremote")) {
+		guess_remote = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+}
+
+static int prune_worktree(const char *id, struct strbuf *reason)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	char *path;
+	int fd;
+	size_t len;
+	ssize_t read_result;
+
+	if (!is_directory(git_path("worktrees/%s", id))) {
+		strbuf_addf(reason, _("Removing worktrees/%s: not a valid directory"), id);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (file_exists(git_path("worktrees/%s/locked", id)))
+		return 0;
+	if (stat(git_path("worktrees/%s/gitdir", id), &st)) {
+		strbuf_addf(reason, _("Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file does not exist"), id);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	fd = open(git_path("worktrees/%s/gitdir", id), O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		strbuf_addf(reason, _("Removing worktrees/%s: unable to read gitdir file (%s)"),
+			    id, strerror(errno));
+		return 1;
+	}
+	len = xsize_t(st.st_size);
+	path = xmallocz(len);
+
+	read_result = read_in_full(fd, path, len);
+	if (read_result < 0) {
+		strbuf_addf(reason, _("Removing worktrees/%s: unable to read gitdir file (%s)"),
+			    id, strerror(errno));
+		close(fd);
+		free(path);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	close(fd);
+
+	if (read_result != len) {
+		strbuf_addf(reason,
+			    _("Removing worktrees/%s: short read (expected %"PRIuMAX" bytes, read %"PRIuMAX")"),
+			    id, (uintmax_t)len, (uintmax_t)read_result);
+		free(path);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	while (len && (path[len - 1] == '\n' || path[len - 1] == '\r'))
+		len--;
+	if (!len) {
+		strbuf_addf(reason, _("Removing worktrees/%s: invalid gitdir file"), id);
+		free(path);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	path[len] = '\0';
+	if (!file_exists(path)) {
+		free(path);
+		if (stat(git_path("worktrees/%s/index", id), &st) ||
+		    st.st_mtime <= expire) {
+			strbuf_addf(reason, _("Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file points to non-existent location"), id);
+			return 1;
+		} else {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	free(path);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void prune_worktrees(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf reason = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	DIR *dir = opendir(git_path("worktrees"));
+	struct dirent *d;
+	int ret;
+	if (!dir)
+		return;
+	while ((d = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(d->d_name))
+			continue;
+		strbuf_reset(&reason);
+		if (!prune_worktree(d->d_name, &reason))
+			continue;
+		if (show_only || verbose)
+			printf("%s\n", reason.buf);
+		if (show_only)
+			continue;
+		git_path_buf(&path, "worktrees/%s", d->d_name);
+		ret = remove_dir_recursively(&path, 0);
+		if (ret < 0 && errno == ENOTDIR)
+			ret = unlink(path.buf);
+		if (ret)
+			error_errno(_("failed to remove '%s'"), path.buf);
+	}
+	closedir(dir);
+	if (!show_only)
+		rmdir(git_path("worktrees"));
+	strbuf_release(&reason);
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+}
+
+static int prune(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, N_("do not remove, show only")),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("report pruned working trees")),
+		OPT_EXPIRY_DATE(0, "expire", &expire,
+				N_("expire working trees older than <time>")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	expire = TIME_MAX;
+	ac = parse_options(ac, av, prefix, options, worktree_usage, 0);
+	if (ac)
+		usage_with_options(worktree_usage, options);
+	prune_worktrees();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static char *junk_work_tree;
+static char *junk_git_dir;
+static int is_junk;
+static pid_t junk_pid;
+
+static void remove_junk(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	if (!is_junk || getpid() != junk_pid)
+		return;
+	if (junk_git_dir) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, junk_git_dir);
+		remove_dir_recursively(&sb, 0);
+		strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	}
+	if (junk_work_tree) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, junk_work_tree);
+		remove_dir_recursively(&sb, 0);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+static void remove_junk_on_signal(int signo)
+{
+	remove_junk();
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
+	raise(signo);
+}
+
+static const char *worktree_basename(const char *path, int *olen)
+{
+	const char *name;
+	int len;
+
+	len = strlen(path);
+	while (len && is_dir_sep(path[len - 1]))
+		len--;
+
+	for (name = path + len - 1; name > path; name--)
+		if (is_dir_sep(*name)) {
+			name++;
+			break;
+		}
+
+	*olen = len;
+	return name;
+}
+
+static int add_worktree(const char *path, const char *refname,
+			const struct add_opts *opts)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb_git = STRBUF_INIT, sb_repo = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *name;
+	struct stat st;
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	struct argv_array child_env = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	int counter = 0, len, ret;
+	struct strbuf symref = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct commit *commit = NULL;
+	int is_branch = 0;
+
+	if (file_exists(path) && !is_empty_dir(path))
+		die(_("'%s' already exists"), path);
+
+	/* is 'refname' a branch or commit? */
+	if (!opts->detach && !strbuf_check_branch_ref(&symref, refname) &&
+	    ref_exists(symref.buf)) {
+		is_branch = 1;
+		if (!opts->force)
+			die_if_checked_out(symref.buf, 0);
+	}
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(refname);
+	if (!commit)
+		die(_("invalid reference: %s"), refname);
+
+	name = worktree_basename(path, &len);
+	git_path_buf(&sb_repo, "worktrees/%.*s", (int)(path + len - name), name);
+	len = sb_repo.len;
+	if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(sb_repo.buf))
+		die_errno(_("could not create leading directories of '%s'"),
+			  sb_repo.buf);
+	while (!stat(sb_repo.buf, &st)) {
+		counter++;
+		strbuf_setlen(&sb_repo, len);
+		strbuf_addf(&sb_repo, "%d", counter);
+	}
+	name = strrchr(sb_repo.buf, '/') + 1;
+
+	junk_pid = getpid();
+	atexit(remove_junk);
+	sigchain_push_common(remove_junk_on_signal);
+
+	if (mkdir(sb_repo.buf, 0777))
+		die_errno(_("could not create directory of '%s'"), sb_repo.buf);
+	junk_git_dir = xstrdup(sb_repo.buf);
+	is_junk = 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * lock the incomplete repo so prune won't delete it, unlock
+	 * after the preparation is over.
+	 */
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/locked", sb_repo.buf);
+	if (!opts->keep_locked)
+		write_file(sb.buf, "initializing");
+	else
+		write_file(sb.buf, "added with --lock");
+
+	strbuf_addf(&sb_git, "%s/.git", path);
+	if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(sb_git.buf))
+		die_errno(_("could not create leading directories of '%s'"),
+			  sb_git.buf);
+	junk_work_tree = xstrdup(path);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/gitdir", sb_repo.buf);
+	write_file(sb.buf, "%s", real_path(sb_git.buf));
+	write_file(sb_git.buf, "gitdir: %s/worktrees/%s",
+		   real_path(get_git_common_dir()), name);
+	/*
+	 * This is to keep resolve_ref() happy. We need a valid HEAD
+	 * or is_git_directory() will reject the directory. Any value which
+	 * looks like an object ID will do since it will be immediately
+	 * replaced by the symbolic-ref or update-ref invocation in the new
+	 * worktree.
+	 */
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/HEAD", sb_repo.buf);
+	write_file(sb.buf, "%s", sha1_to_hex(null_sha1));
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/commondir", sb_repo.buf);
+	write_file(sb.buf, "../..");
+
+	argv_array_pushf(&child_env, "%s=%s", GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, sb_git.buf);
+	argv_array_pushf(&child_env, "%s=%s", GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, path);
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+
+	if (!is_branch)
+		argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "update-ref", "HEAD",
+				 oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid), NULL);
+	else {
+		argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "symbolic-ref", "HEAD",
+				 symref.buf, NULL);
+		if (opts->quiet)
+			argv_array_push(&cp.args, "--quiet");
+	}
+
+	cp.env = child_env.argv;
+	ret = run_command(&cp);
+	if (ret)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (opts->checkout) {
+		cp.argv = NULL;
+		argv_array_clear(&cp.args);
+		argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "reset", "--hard", NULL);
+		if (opts->quiet)
+			argv_array_push(&cp.args, "--quiet");
+		cp.env = child_env.argv;
+		ret = run_command(&cp);
+		if (ret)
+			goto done;
+	}
+
+	is_junk = 0;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(junk_work_tree);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(junk_git_dir);
+
+done:
+	if (ret || !opts->keep_locked) {
+		strbuf_reset(&sb);
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/locked", sb_repo.buf);
+		unlink_or_warn(sb.buf);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Hook failure does not warrant worktree deletion, so run hook after
+	 * is_junk is cleared, but do return appropriate code when hook fails.
+	 */
+	if (!ret && opts->checkout) {
+		const char *hook = find_hook("post-checkout");
+		if (hook) {
+			const char *env[] = { "GIT_DIR", "GIT_WORK_TREE", NULL };
+			cp.git_cmd = 0;
+			cp.no_stdin = 1;
+			cp.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+			cp.dir = path;
+			cp.env = env;
+			cp.argv = NULL;
+			argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, absolute_path(hook),
+					 oid_to_hex(&null_oid),
+					 oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid),
+					 "1", NULL);
+			ret = run_command(&cp);
+		}
+	}
+
+	argv_array_clear(&child_env);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	strbuf_release(&symref);
+	strbuf_release(&sb_repo);
+	strbuf_release(&sb_git);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void print_preparing_worktree_line(int detach,
+					  const char *branch,
+					  const char *new_branch,
+					  int force_new_branch)
+{
+	if (force_new_branch) {
+		struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(new_branch);
+		if (!commit)
+			printf_ln(_("Preparing worktree (new branch '%s')"), new_branch);
+		else
+			printf_ln(_("Preparing worktree (resetting branch '%s'; was at %s)"),
+				  new_branch,
+				  find_unique_abbrev(&commit->object.oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+	} else if (new_branch) {
+		printf_ln(_("Preparing worktree (new branch '%s')"), new_branch);
+	} else {
+		struct strbuf s = STRBUF_INIT;
+		if (!detach && !strbuf_check_branch_ref(&s, branch) &&
+		    ref_exists(s.buf))
+			printf_ln(_("Preparing worktree (checking out '%s')"),
+				  branch);
+		else {
+			struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(branch);
+			if (!commit)
+				die(_("invalid reference: %s"), branch);
+			printf_ln(_("Preparing worktree (detached HEAD %s)"),
+				  find_unique_abbrev(&commit->object.oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&s);
+	}
+}
+
+static const char *dwim_branch(const char *path, const char **new_branch)
+{
+	int n;
+	const char *s = worktree_basename(path, &n);
+	const char *branchname = xstrndup(s, n);
+	struct strbuf ref = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	UNLEAK(branchname);
+	if (!strbuf_check_branch_ref(&ref, branchname) &&
+	    ref_exists(ref.buf)) {
+		strbuf_release(&ref);
+		return branchname;
+	}
+
+	*new_branch = branchname;
+	if (guess_remote) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		const char *remote =
+			unique_tracking_name(*new_branch, &oid, NULL);
+		return remote;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static int add(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct add_opts opts;
+	const char *new_branch_force = NULL;
+	char *path;
+	const char *branch;
+	const char *new_branch = NULL;
+	const char *opt_track = NULL;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT__FORCE(&opts.force,
+			   N_("checkout <branch> even if already checked out in other worktree"),
+			   PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
+		OPT_STRING('b', NULL, &new_branch, N_("branch"),
+			   N_("create a new branch")),
+		OPT_STRING('B', NULL, &new_branch_force, N_("branch"),
+			   N_("create or reset a branch")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "detach", &opts.detach, N_("detach HEAD at named commit")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "checkout", &opts.checkout, N_("populate the new working tree")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "lock", &opts.keep_locked, N_("keep the new working tree locked")),
+		OPT__QUIET(&opts.quiet, N_("suppress progress reporting")),
+		OPT_PASSTHRU(0, "track", &opt_track, NULL,
+			     N_("set up tracking mode (see git-branch(1))"),
+			     PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_OPTARG),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "guess-remote", &guess_remote,
+			 N_("try to match the new branch name with a remote-tracking branch")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+	opts.checkout = 1;
+	ac = parse_options(ac, av, prefix, options, worktree_usage, 0);
+	if (!!opts.detach + !!new_branch + !!new_branch_force > 1)
+		die(_("-b, -B, and --detach are mutually exclusive"));
+	if (ac < 1 || ac > 2)
+		usage_with_options(worktree_usage, options);
+
+	path = prefix_filename(prefix, av[0]);
+	branch = ac < 2 ? "HEAD" : av[1];
+
+	if (!strcmp(branch, "-"))
+		branch = "@{-1}";
+
+	if (new_branch_force) {
+		struct strbuf symref = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		new_branch = new_branch_force;
+
+		if (!opts.force &&
+		    !strbuf_check_branch_ref(&symref, new_branch) &&
+		    ref_exists(symref.buf))
+			die_if_checked_out(symref.buf, 0);
+		strbuf_release(&symref);
+	}
+
+	if (ac < 2 && !new_branch && !opts.detach) {
+		const char *s = dwim_branch(path, &new_branch);
+		if (s)
+			branch = s;
+	}
+
+	if (ac == 2 && !new_branch && !opts.detach) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		struct commit *commit;
+		const char *remote;
+
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(branch);
+		if (!commit) {
+			remote = unique_tracking_name(branch, &oid, NULL);
+			if (remote) {
+				new_branch = branch;
+				branch = remote;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if (!opts.quiet)
+		print_preparing_worktree_line(opts.detach, branch, new_branch, !!new_branch_force);
+
+	if (new_branch) {
+		struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+		cp.git_cmd = 1;
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, "branch");
+		if (new_branch_force)
+			argv_array_push(&cp.args, "--force");
+		if (opts.quiet)
+			argv_array_push(&cp.args, "--quiet");
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, new_branch);
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, branch);
+		if (opt_track)
+			argv_array_push(&cp.args, opt_track);
+		if (run_command(&cp))
+			return -1;
+		branch = new_branch;
+	} else if (opt_track) {
+		die(_("--[no-]track can only be used if a new branch is created"));
+	}
+
+	UNLEAK(path);
+	UNLEAK(opts);
+	return add_worktree(path, branch, &opts);
+}
+
+static void show_worktree_porcelain(struct worktree *wt)
+{
+	printf("worktree %s\n", wt->path);
+	if (wt->is_bare)
+		printf("bare\n");
+	else {
+		printf("HEAD %s\n", oid_to_hex(&wt->head_oid));
+		if (wt->is_detached)
+			printf("detached\n");
+		else if (wt->head_ref)
+			printf("branch %s\n", wt->head_ref);
+	}
+	printf("\n");
+}
+
+static void show_worktree(struct worktree *wt, int path_maxlen, int abbrev_len)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int cur_path_len = strlen(wt->path);
+	int path_adj = cur_path_len - utf8_strwidth(wt->path);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%-*s ", 1 + path_maxlen + path_adj, wt->path);
+	if (wt->is_bare)
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, "(bare)");
+	else {
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, "%-*s ", abbrev_len,
+				find_unique_abbrev(&wt->head_oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		if (wt->is_detached)
+			strbuf_addstr(&sb, "(detached HEAD)");
+		else if (wt->head_ref) {
+			char *ref = shorten_unambiguous_ref(wt->head_ref, 0);
+			strbuf_addf(&sb, "[%s]", ref);
+			free(ref);
+		} else
+			strbuf_addstr(&sb, "(error)");
+	}
+	printf("%s\n", sb.buf);
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+static void measure_widths(struct worktree **wt, int *abbrev, int *maxlen)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; wt[i]; i++) {
+		int sha1_len;
+		int path_len = strlen(wt[i]->path);
+
+		if (path_len > *maxlen)
+			*maxlen = path_len;
+		sha1_len = strlen(find_unique_abbrev(&wt[i]->head_oid, *abbrev));
+		if (sha1_len > *abbrev)
+			*abbrev = sha1_len;
+	}
+}
+
+static int list(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int porcelain = 0;
+
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "porcelain", &porcelain, N_("machine-readable output")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	ac = parse_options(ac, av, prefix, options, worktree_usage, 0);
+	if (ac)
+		usage_with_options(worktree_usage, options);
+	else {
+		struct worktree **worktrees = get_worktrees(GWT_SORT_LINKED);
+		int path_maxlen = 0, abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV, i;
+
+		if (!porcelain)
+			measure_widths(worktrees, &abbrev, &path_maxlen);
+
+		for (i = 0; worktrees[i]; i++) {
+			if (porcelain)
+				show_worktree_porcelain(worktrees[i]);
+			else
+				show_worktree(worktrees[i], path_maxlen, abbrev);
+		}
+		free_worktrees(worktrees);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int lock_worktree(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char *reason = "", *old_reason;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_STRING(0, "reason", &reason, N_("string"),
+			   N_("reason for locking")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+	struct worktree **worktrees, *wt;
+
+	ac = parse_options(ac, av, prefix, options, worktree_usage, 0);
+	if (ac != 1)
+		usage_with_options(worktree_usage, options);
+
+	worktrees = get_worktrees(0);
+	wt = find_worktree(worktrees, prefix, av[0]);
+	if (!wt)
+		die(_("'%s' is not a working tree"), av[0]);
+	if (is_main_worktree(wt))
+		die(_("The main working tree cannot be locked or unlocked"));
+
+	old_reason = is_worktree_locked(wt);
+	if (old_reason) {
+		if (*old_reason)
+			die(_("'%s' is already locked, reason: %s"),
+			    av[0], old_reason);
+		die(_("'%s' is already locked"), av[0]);
+	}
+
+	write_file(git_common_path("worktrees/%s/locked", wt->id),
+		   "%s", reason);
+	free_worktrees(worktrees);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int unlock_worktree(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+	struct worktree **worktrees, *wt;
+	int ret;
+
+	ac = parse_options(ac, av, prefix, options, worktree_usage, 0);
+	if (ac != 1)
+		usage_with_options(worktree_usage, options);
+
+	worktrees = get_worktrees(0);
+	wt = find_worktree(worktrees, prefix, av[0]);
+	if (!wt)
+		die(_("'%s' is not a working tree"), av[0]);
+	if (is_main_worktree(wt))
+		die(_("The main working tree cannot be locked or unlocked"));
+	if (!is_worktree_locked(wt))
+		die(_("'%s' is not locked"), av[0]);
+	ret = unlink_or_warn(git_common_path("worktrees/%s/locked", wt->id));
+	free_worktrees(worktrees);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void validate_no_submodules(const struct worktree *wt)
+{
+	struct index_state istate = { NULL };
+	int i, found_submodules = 0;
+
+	if (read_index_from(&istate, worktree_git_path(wt, "index"),
+			    get_worktree_git_dir(wt)) > 0) {
+		for (i = 0; i < istate.cache_nr; i++) {
+			struct cache_entry *ce = istate.cache[i];
+
+			if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
+				found_submodules = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	discard_index(&istate);
+
+	if (found_submodules)
+		die(_("working trees containing submodules cannot be moved or removed"));
+}
+
+static int move_worktree(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+	struct worktree **worktrees, *wt;
+	struct strbuf dst = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf errmsg = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *reason;
+	char *path;
+
+	ac = parse_options(ac, av, prefix, options, worktree_usage, 0);
+	if (ac != 2)
+		usage_with_options(worktree_usage, options);
+
+	path = prefix_filename(prefix, av[1]);
+	strbuf_addstr(&dst, path);
+	free(path);
+
+	worktrees = get_worktrees(0);
+	wt = find_worktree(worktrees, prefix, av[0]);
+	if (!wt)
+		die(_("'%s' is not a working tree"), av[0]);
+	if (is_main_worktree(wt))
+		die(_("'%s' is a main working tree"), av[0]);
+	if (is_directory(dst.buf)) {
+		const char *sep = find_last_dir_sep(wt->path);
+
+		if (!sep)
+			die(_("could not figure out destination name from '%s'"),
+			    wt->path);
+		strbuf_trim_trailing_dir_sep(&dst);
+		strbuf_addstr(&dst, sep);
+	}
+	if (file_exists(dst.buf))
+		die(_("target '%s' already exists"), dst.buf);
+
+	validate_no_submodules(wt);
+
+	reason = is_worktree_locked(wt);
+	if (reason) {
+		if (*reason)
+			die(_("cannot move a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"),
+			    reason);
+		die(_("cannot move a locked working tree"));
+	}
+	if (validate_worktree(wt, &errmsg, 0))
+		die(_("validation failed, cannot move working tree: %s"),
+		    errmsg.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&errmsg);
+
+	if (rename(wt->path, dst.buf) == -1)
+		die_errno(_("failed to move '%s' to '%s'"), wt->path, dst.buf);
+
+	update_worktree_location(wt, dst.buf);
+
+	strbuf_release(&dst);
+	free_worktrees(worktrees);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Note, "git status --porcelain" is used to determine if it's safe to
+ * delete a whole worktree. "git status" does not ignore user
+ * configuration, so if a normal "git status" shows "clean" for the
+ * user, then it's ok to remove it.
+ *
+ * This assumption may be a bad one. We may want to ignore
+ * (potentially bad) user settings and only delete a worktree when
+ * it's absolutely safe to do so from _our_ point of view because we
+ * know better.
+ */
+static void check_clean_worktree(struct worktree *wt,
+				 const char *original_path)
+{
+	struct argv_array child_env = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct child_process cp;
+	char buf[1];
+	int ret;
+
+	/*
+	 * Until we sort this out, all submodules are "dirty" and
+	 * will abort this function.
+	 */
+	validate_no_submodules(wt);
+
+	argv_array_pushf(&child_env, "%s=%s/.git",
+			 GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, wt->path);
+	argv_array_pushf(&child_env, "%s=%s",
+			 GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, wt->path);
+	memset(&cp, 0, sizeof(cp));
+	argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "status",
+			 "--porcelain", "--ignore-submodules=none",
+			 NULL);
+	cp.env = child_env.argv;
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+	cp.dir = wt->path;
+	cp.out = -1;
+	ret = start_command(&cp);
+	if (ret)
+		die_errno(_("failed to run 'git status' on '%s'"),
+			  original_path);
+	ret = xread(cp.out, buf, sizeof(buf));
+	if (ret)
+		die(_("'%s' is dirty, use --force to delete it"),
+		    original_path);
+	close(cp.out);
+	ret = finish_command(&cp);
+	if (ret)
+		die_errno(_("failed to run 'git status' on '%s', code %d"),
+			  original_path, ret);
+}
+
+static int delete_git_work_tree(struct worktree *wt)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&sb, wt->path);
+	if (remove_dir_recursively(&sb, 0)) {
+		error_errno(_("failed to delete '%s'"), sb.buf);
+		ret = -1;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int delete_git_dir(struct worktree *wt)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&sb, git_common_path("worktrees/%s", wt->id));
+	if (remove_dir_recursively(&sb, 0)) {
+		error_errno(_("failed to delete '%s'"), sb.buf);
+		ret = -1;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int remove_worktree(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int force = 0;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT__FORCE(&force,
+			 N_("force removing even if the worktree is dirty"),
+			 PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+	struct worktree **worktrees, *wt;
+	struct strbuf errmsg = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *reason;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	ac = parse_options(ac, av, prefix, options, worktree_usage, 0);
+	if (ac != 1)
+		usage_with_options(worktree_usage, options);
+
+	worktrees = get_worktrees(0);
+	wt = find_worktree(worktrees, prefix, av[0]);
+	if (!wt)
+		die(_("'%s' is not a working tree"), av[0]);
+	if (is_main_worktree(wt))
+		die(_("'%s' is a main working tree"), av[0]);
+	reason = is_worktree_locked(wt);
+	if (reason) {
+		if (*reason)
+			die(_("cannot remove a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"),
+			    reason);
+		die(_("cannot remove a locked working tree"));
+	}
+	if (validate_worktree(wt, &errmsg, WT_VALIDATE_WORKTREE_MISSING_OK))
+		die(_("validation failed, cannot remove working tree: %s"),
+		    errmsg.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&errmsg);
+
+	if (file_exists(wt->path)) {
+		if (!force)
+			check_clean_worktree(wt, av[0]);
+
+		ret |= delete_git_work_tree(wt);
+	}
+	/*
+	 * continue on even if ret is non-zero, there's no going back
+	 * from here.
+	 */
+	ret |= delete_git_dir(wt);
+
+	free_worktrees(worktrees);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int cmd_worktree(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	git_config(git_worktree_config, NULL);
+
+	if (ac < 2)
+		usage_with_options(worktree_usage, options);
+	if (!prefix)
+		prefix = "";
+	if (!strcmp(av[1], "add"))
+		return add(ac - 1, av + 1, prefix);
+	if (!strcmp(av[1], "prune"))
+		return prune(ac - 1, av + 1, prefix);
+	if (!strcmp(av[1], "list"))
+		return list(ac - 1, av + 1, prefix);
+	if (!strcmp(av[1], "lock"))
+		return lock_worktree(ac - 1, av + 1, prefix);
+	if (!strcmp(av[1], "unlock"))
+		return unlock_worktree(ac - 1, av + 1, prefix);
+	if (!strcmp(av[1], "move"))
+		return move_worktree(ac - 1, av + 1, prefix);
+	if (!strcmp(av[1], "remove"))
+		return remove_worktree(ac - 1, av + 1, prefix);
+	usage_with_options(worktree_usage, options);
+}
diff --git a/builtin/write-tree.c b/builtin/write-tree.c
index 084c0df783..cdcbf8264e 100644
--- a/builtin/write-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/write-tree.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
  */
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
@@ -18,14 +19,13 @@ int cmd_write_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 {
 	int flags = 0, ret;
 	const char *prefix = NULL;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	const char *me = "git-write-tree";
 	struct option write_tree_options[] = {
 		OPT_BIT(0, "missing-ok", &flags, N_("allow missing objects"),
 			WRITE_TREE_MISSING_OK),
-		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "prefix", &prefix, N_("<prefix>/"),
-		  N_("write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>") ,
-		  PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP },
+		OPT_STRING(0, "prefix", &prefix, N_("<prefix>/"),
+			   N_("write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>")),
 		{ OPTION_BIT, 0, "ignore-cache-tree", &flags, NULL,
 		  N_("only useful for debugging"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL,
@@ -37,10 +37,10 @@ int cmd_write_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, unused_prefix, write_tree_options,
 			     write_tree_usage, 0);
 
-	ret = write_cache_as_tree(sha1, flags, prefix);
+	ret = write_cache_as_tree(&oid, flags, prefix);
 	switch (ret) {
 	case 0:
-		printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		printf("%s\n", oid_to_hex(&oid));
 		break;
 	case WRITE_TREE_UNREADABLE_INDEX:
 		die("%s: error reading the index", me);
diff --git a/bulk-checkin.c b/bulk-checkin.c
index 8d157eba45..9f3b644811 100644
--- a/bulk-checkin.c
+++ b/bulk-checkin.c
@@ -3,17 +3,18 @@
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "bulk-checkin.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "csum-file.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
-
-static int pack_compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 static struct bulk_checkin_state {
 	unsigned plugged:1;
 
 	char *pack_tmp_name;
-	struct sha1file *f;
+	struct hashfile *f;
 	off_t offset;
 	struct pack_idx_option pack_idx_opts;
 
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ static struct bulk_checkin_state {
 
 static void finish_bulk_checkin(struct bulk_checkin_state *state)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct strbuf packname = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int i;
 
@@ -36,11 +37,11 @@ static void finish_bulk_checkin(struct bulk_checkin_state *state)
 		unlink(state->pack_tmp_name);
 		goto clear_exit;
 	} else if (state->nr_written == 1) {
-		sha1close(state->f, sha1, CSUM_FSYNC);
+		finalize_hashfile(state->f, oid.hash, CSUM_HASH_IN_STREAM | CSUM_FSYNC | CSUM_CLOSE);
 	} else {
-		int fd = sha1close(state->f, sha1, 0);
-		fixup_pack_header_footer(fd, sha1, state->pack_tmp_name,
-					 state->nr_written, sha1,
+		int fd = finalize_hashfile(state->f, oid.hash, 0);
+		fixup_pack_header_footer(fd, oid.hash, state->pack_tmp_name,
+					 state->nr_written, oid.hash,
 					 state->offset);
 		close(fd);
 	}
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ static void finish_bulk_checkin(struct bulk_checkin_state *state)
 	strbuf_addf(&packname, "%s/pack/pack-", get_object_directory());
 	finish_tmp_packfile(&packname, state->pack_tmp_name,
 			    state->written, state->nr_written,
-			    &state->pack_idx_opts, sha1);
+			    &state->pack_idx_opts, oid.hash);
 	for (i = 0; i < state->nr_written; i++)
 		free(state->written[i]);
 
@@ -58,20 +59,20 @@ clear_exit:
 
 	strbuf_release(&packname);
 	/* Make objects we just wrote available to ourselves */
-	reprepare_packed_git();
+	reprepare_packed_git(the_repository);
 }
 
-static int already_written(struct bulk_checkin_state *state, unsigned char sha1[])
+static int already_written(struct bulk_checkin_state *state, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	int i;
 
 	/* The object may already exist in the repository */
-	if (has_sha1_file(sha1))
+	if (has_sha1_file(oid->hash))
 		return 1;
 
 	/* Might want to keep the list sorted */
 	for (i = 0; i < state->nr_written; i++)
-		if (!hashcmp(state->written[i]->sha1, sha1))
+		if (!oidcmp(&state->written[i]->oid, oid))
 			return 1;
 
 	/* This is a new object we need to keep */
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ static int already_written(struct bulk_checkin_state *state, unsigned char sha1[
  * with a new pack.
  */
 static int stream_to_pack(struct bulk_checkin_state *state,
-			  git_SHA_CTX *ctx, off_t *already_hashed_to,
+			  git_hash_ctx *ctx, off_t *already_hashed_to,
 			  int fd, size_t size, enum object_type type,
 			  const char *path, unsigned flags)
 {
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ static int stream_to_pack(struct bulk_checkin_state *state,
 
 	git_deflate_init(&s, pack_compression_level);
 
-	hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(type, size, obuf);
+	hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(obuf, sizeof(obuf), type, size);
 	s.next_out = obuf + hdrlen;
 	s.avail_out = sizeof(obuf) - hdrlen;
 
@@ -116,7 +117,10 @@ static int stream_to_pack(struct bulk_checkin_state *state,
 
 		if (size && !s.avail_in) {
 			ssize_t rsize = size < sizeof(ibuf) ? size : sizeof(ibuf);
-			if (read_in_full(fd, ibuf, rsize) != rsize)
+			ssize_t read_result = read_in_full(fd, ibuf, rsize);
+			if (read_result < 0)
+				die_errno("failed to read from '%s'", path);
+			if (read_result != rsize)
 				die("failed to read %d bytes from '%s'",
 				    (int)rsize, path);
 			offset += rsize;
@@ -125,7 +129,7 @@ static int stream_to_pack(struct bulk_checkin_state *state,
 				if (rsize < hsize)
 					hsize = rsize;
 				if (hsize)
-					git_SHA1_Update(ctx, ibuf, hsize);
+					the_hash_algo->update_fn(ctx, ibuf, hsize);
 				*already_hashed_to = offset;
 			}
 			s.next_in = ibuf;
@@ -147,7 +151,7 @@ static int stream_to_pack(struct bulk_checkin_state *state,
 					return -1;
 				}
 
-				sha1write(state->f, obuf, written);
+				hashwrite(state->f, obuf, written);
 				state->offset += written;
 			}
 			s.next_out = obuf;
@@ -184,26 +188,26 @@ static void prepare_to_stream(struct bulk_checkin_state *state,
 }
 
 static int deflate_to_pack(struct bulk_checkin_state *state,
-			   unsigned char result_sha1[],
+			   struct object_id *result_oid,
 			   int fd, size_t size,
 			   enum object_type type, const char *path,
 			   unsigned flags)
 {
 	off_t seekback, already_hashed_to;
-	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
+	git_hash_ctx ctx;
 	unsigned char obuf[16384];
 	unsigned header_len;
-	struct sha1file_checkpoint checkpoint;
+	struct hashfile_checkpoint checkpoint;
 	struct pack_idx_entry *idx = NULL;
 
 	seekback = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
 	if (seekback == (off_t) -1)
 		return error("cannot find the current offset");
 
-	header_len = sprintf((char *)obuf, "%s %" PRIuMAX,
-			     typename(type), (uintmax_t)size) + 1;
-	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
-	git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, obuf, header_len);
+	header_len = xsnprintf((char *)obuf, sizeof(obuf), "%s %" PRIuMAX,
+			       type_name(type), (uintmax_t)size) + 1;
+	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&ctx);
+	the_hash_algo->update_fn(&ctx, obuf, header_len);
 
 	/* Note: idx is non-NULL when we are writing */
 	if ((flags & HASH_WRITE_OBJECT) != 0)
@@ -214,7 +218,7 @@ static int deflate_to_pack(struct bulk_checkin_state *state,
 	while (1) {
 		prepare_to_stream(state, flags);
 		if (idx) {
-			sha1file_checkpoint(state->f, &checkpoint);
+			hashfile_checkpoint(state->f, &checkpoint);
 			idx->offset = state->offset;
 			crc32_begin(state->f);
 		}
@@ -227,24 +231,24 @@ static int deflate_to_pack(struct bulk_checkin_state *state,
 		 * pack, and write into it.
 		 */
 		if (!idx)
-			die("BUG: should not happen");
-		sha1file_truncate(state->f, &checkpoint);
+			BUG("should not happen");
+		hashfile_truncate(state->f, &checkpoint);
 		state->offset = checkpoint.offset;
 		finish_bulk_checkin(state);
 		if (lseek(fd, seekback, SEEK_SET) == (off_t) -1)
 			return error("cannot seek back");
 	}
-	git_SHA1_Final(result_sha1, &ctx);
+	the_hash_algo->final_fn(result_oid->hash, &ctx);
 	if (!idx)
 		return 0;
 
 	idx->crc32 = crc32_end(state->f);
-	if (already_written(state, result_sha1)) {
-		sha1file_truncate(state->f, &checkpoint);
+	if (already_written(state, result_oid)) {
+		hashfile_truncate(state->f, &checkpoint);
 		state->offset = checkpoint.offset;
 		free(idx);
 	} else {
-		hashcpy(idx->sha1, result_sha1);
+		oidcpy(&idx->oid, result_oid);
 		ALLOC_GROW(state->written,
 			   state->nr_written + 1,
 			   state->alloc_written);
@@ -253,11 +257,11 @@ static int deflate_to_pack(struct bulk_checkin_state *state,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int index_bulk_checkin(unsigned char *sha1,
+int index_bulk_checkin(struct object_id *oid,
 		       int fd, size_t size, enum object_type type,
 		       const char *path, unsigned flags)
 {
-	int status = deflate_to_pack(&state, sha1, fd, size, type,
+	int status = deflate_to_pack(&state, oid, fd, size, type,
 				     path, flags);
 	if (!state.plugged)
 		finish_bulk_checkin(&state);
diff --git a/bulk-checkin.h b/bulk-checkin.h
index fbd40fc98c..f438f93811 100644
--- a/bulk-checkin.h
+++ b/bulk-checkin.h
@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@
 #ifndef BULK_CHECKIN_H
 #define BULK_CHECKIN_H
 
-extern int index_bulk_checkin(unsigned char sha1[],
+#include "cache.h"
+
+extern int index_bulk_checkin(struct object_id *oid,
 			      int fd, size_t size, enum object_type type,
 			      const char *path, unsigned flags);
 
diff --git a/bundle.c b/bundle.c
index 2e2dbd50ef..24cbe40986 100644
--- a/bundle.c
+++ b/bundle.c
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "bundle.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "diff.h"
@@ -12,11 +14,11 @@
 
 static const char bundle_signature[] = "# v2 git bundle\n";
 
-static void add_to_ref_list(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *name,
+static void add_to_ref_list(const struct object_id *oid, const char *name,
 		struct ref_list *list)
 {
 	ALLOC_GROW(list->list, list->nr + 1, list->alloc);
-	hashcpy(list->list[list->nr].sha1, sha1);
+	oidcpy(&list->list[list->nr].oid, oid);
 	list->list[list->nr].name = xstrdup(name);
 	list->nr++;
 }
@@ -40,8 +42,9 @@ static int parse_bundle_header(int fd, struct bundle_header *header,
 	/* The bundle header ends with an empty line */
 	while (!strbuf_getwholeline_fd(&buf, fd, '\n') &&
 	       buf.len && buf.buf[0] != '\n') {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		int is_prereq = 0;
+		const char *p;
 
 		if (*buf.buf == '-') {
 			is_prereq = 1;
@@ -54,9 +57,9 @@ static int parse_bundle_header(int fd, struct bundle_header *header,
 		 * Prerequisites have object name that is optionally
 		 * followed by SP and subject line.
 		 */
-		if (get_sha1_hex(buf.buf, sha1) ||
-		    (buf.len > 40 && !isspace(buf.buf[40])) ||
-		    (!is_prereq && buf.len <= 40)) {
+		if (parse_oid_hex(buf.buf, &oid, &p) ||
+		    (*p && !isspace(*p)) ||
+		    (!is_prereq && !*p)) {
 			if (report_path)
 				error(_("unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"),
 				      (is_prereq ? "-" : ""), buf.buf, (int)buf.len);
@@ -64,9 +67,9 @@ static int parse_bundle_header(int fd, struct bundle_header *header,
 			break;
 		} else {
 			if (is_prereq)
-				add_to_ref_list(sha1, "", &header->prerequisites);
+				add_to_ref_list(&oid, "", &header->prerequisites);
 			else
-				add_to_ref_list(sha1, buf.buf + 41, &header->references);
+				add_to_ref_list(&oid, p + 1, &header->references);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -115,7 +118,7 @@ static int list_refs(struct ref_list *r, int argc, const char **argv)
 			if (j == argc)
 				continue;
 		}
-		printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(r->list[i].sha1),
+		printf("%s %s\n", oid_to_hex(&r->list[i].oid),
 				r->list[i].name);
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -133,7 +136,6 @@ int verify_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, int verbose)
 	struct ref_list *p = &header->prerequisites;
 	struct rev_info revs;
 	const char *argv[] = {NULL, "--all", NULL};
-	struct object_array refs;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	int i, ret = 0, req_nr;
 	const char *message = _("Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:");
@@ -141,7 +143,7 @@ int verify_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, int verbose)
 	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
 	for (i = 0; i < p->nr; i++) {
 		struct ref_list_entry *e = p->list + i;
-		struct object *o = parse_object(e->sha1);
+		struct object *o = parse_object(the_repository, &e->oid);
 		if (o) {
 			o->flags |= PREREQ_MARK;
 			add_pending_object(&revs, o, e->name);
@@ -149,16 +151,13 @@ int verify_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, int verbose)
 		}
 		if (++ret == 1)
 			error("%s", message);
-		error("%s %s", sha1_to_hex(e->sha1), e->name);
+		error("%s %s", oid_to_hex(&e->oid), e->name);
 	}
 	if (revs.pending.nr != p->nr)
 		return ret;
 	req_nr = revs.pending.nr;
 	setup_revisions(2, argv, &revs, NULL);
 
-	refs = revs.pending;
-	revs.leak_pending = 1;
-
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
 		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 
@@ -167,16 +166,24 @@ int verify_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, int verbose)
 		if (commit->object.flags & PREREQ_MARK)
 			i--;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < req_nr; i++)
-		if (!(refs.objects[i].item->flags & SHOWN)) {
-			if (++ret == 1)
-				error("%s", message);
-			error("%s %s", sha1_to_hex(refs.objects[i].item->sha1),
-				refs.objects[i].name);
-		}
+	for (i = 0; i < p->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_list_entry *e = p->list + i;
+		struct object *o = parse_object(the_repository, &e->oid);
+		assert(o); /* otherwise we'd have returned early */
+		if (o->flags & SHOWN)
+			continue;
+		if (++ret == 1)
+			error("%s", message);
+		error("%s %s", oid_to_hex(&e->oid), e->name);
+	}
 
-	clear_commit_marks_for_object_array(&refs, ALL_REV_FLAGS);
-	free(refs.objects);
+	/* Clean up objects used, as they will be reused. */
+	for (i = 0; i < p->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_list_entry *e = p->list + i;
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, &e->oid, 1);
+		if (commit)
+			clear_commit_marks(commit, ALL_REV_FLAGS);
+	}
 
 	if (verbose) {
 		struct ref_list *r;
@@ -211,13 +218,13 @@ static int is_tag_in_date_range(struct object *tag, struct rev_info *revs)
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
 	char *buf = NULL, *line, *lineend;
-	unsigned long date;
+	timestamp_t date;
 	int result = 1;
 
 	if (revs->max_age == -1 && revs->min_age == -1)
 		goto out;
 
-	buf = read_sha1_file(tag->sha1, &type, &size);
+	buf = read_object_file(&tag->oid, &type, &size);
 	if (!buf)
 		goto out;
 	line = memmem(buf, size, "\ntagger ", 8);
@@ -227,7 +234,7 @@ static int is_tag_in_date_range(struct object *tag, struct rev_info *revs)
 	line = memchr(line, '>', lineend ? lineend - line : buf + size - line);
 	if (!line++)
 		goto out;
-	date = strtoul(line, NULL, 10);
+	date = parse_timestamp(line, NULL, 10);
 	result = (revs->max_age == -1 || revs->max_age < date) &&
 		(revs->min_age == -1 || revs->min_age > date);
 out:
@@ -235,7 +242,9 @@ out:
 	return result;
 }
 
-static int write_pack_data(int bundle_fd, struct lock_file *lock, struct rev_info *revs)
+
+/* Write the pack data to bundle_fd, then close it if it is > 1. */
+static int write_pack_data(int bundle_fd, struct rev_info *revs)
 {
 	struct child_process pack_objects = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 	int i;
@@ -250,18 +259,11 @@ static int write_pack_data(int bundle_fd, struct lock_file *lock, struct rev_inf
 	if (start_command(&pack_objects))
 		return error(_("Could not spawn pack-objects"));
 
-	/*
-	 * start_command closed bundle_fd if it was > 1
-	 * so set the lock fd to -1 so commit_lock_file()
-	 * won't fail trying to close it.
-	 */
-	lock->fd = -1;
-
 	for (i = 0; i < revs->pending.nr; i++) {
 		struct object *object = revs->pending.objects[i].item;
 		if (object->flags & UNINTERESTING)
 			write_or_die(pack_objects.in, "^", 1);
-		write_or_die(pack_objects.in, sha1_to_hex(object->sha1), 40);
+		write_or_die(pack_objects.in, oid_to_hex(&object->oid), GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ);
 		write_or_die(pack_objects.in, "\n", 1);
 	}
 	close(pack_objects.in);
@@ -290,16 +292,18 @@ static int compute_and_write_prerequisites(int bundle_fd,
 		return -1;
 	rls_fout = xfdopen(rls.out, "r");
 	while (strbuf_getwholeline(&buf, rls_fout, '\n') != EOF) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		if (buf.len > 0 && buf.buf[0] == '-') {
 			write_or_die(bundle_fd, buf.buf, buf.len);
-			if (!get_sha1_hex(buf.buf + 1, sha1)) {
-				struct object *object = parse_object_or_die(sha1, buf.buf);
+			if (!get_oid_hex(buf.buf + 1, &oid)) {
+				struct object *object = parse_object_or_die(&oid,
+									    buf.buf);
 				object->flags |= UNINTERESTING;
 				add_pending_object(revs, object, buf.buf);
 			}
-		} else if (!get_sha1_hex(buf.buf, sha1)) {
-			struct object *object = parse_object_or_die(sha1, buf.buf);
+		} else if (!get_oid_hex(buf.buf, &oid)) {
+			struct object *object = parse_object_or_die(&oid,
+								    buf.buf);
 			object->flags |= SHOWN;
 		}
 	}
@@ -326,23 +330,23 @@ static int write_bundle_refs(int bundle_fd, struct rev_info *revs)
 
 	for (i = 0; i < revs->pending.nr; i++) {
 		struct object_array_entry *e = revs->pending.objects + i;
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		char *ref;
 		const char *display_ref;
 		int flag;
 
 		if (e->item->flags & UNINTERESTING)
 			continue;
-		if (dwim_ref(e->name, strlen(e->name), sha1, &ref) != 1)
-			continue;
-		if (read_ref_full(e->name, RESOLVE_REF_READING, sha1, &flag))
+		if (dwim_ref(e->name, strlen(e->name), &oid, &ref) != 1)
+			goto skip_write_ref;
+		if (read_ref_full(e->name, RESOLVE_REF_READING, &oid, &flag))
 			flag = 0;
 		display_ref = (flag & REF_ISSYMREF) ? e->name : ref;
 
 		if (e->item->type == OBJ_TAG &&
 				!is_tag_in_date_range(e->item, revs)) {
 			e->item->flags |= UNINTERESTING;
-			continue;
+			goto skip_write_ref;
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -357,8 +361,7 @@ static int write_bundle_refs(int bundle_fd, struct rev_info *revs)
 		if (!(e->item->flags & SHOWN) && e->item->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
 			warning(_("ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"),
 				e->name);
-			free(ref);
-			continue;
+			goto skip_write_ref;
 		}
 		/*
 		 * If you run "git bundle create bndl v1.0..v2.0", the
@@ -366,13 +369,14 @@ static int write_bundle_refs(int bundle_fd, struct rev_info *revs)
 		 * commit that is referenced by the tag, and not the tag
 		 * itself.
 		 */
-		if (hashcmp(sha1, e->item->sha1)) {
+		if (oidcmp(&oid, &e->item->oid)) {
 			/*
 			 * Is this the positive end of a range expressed
 			 * in terms of a tag (e.g. v2.0 from the range
 			 * "v1.0..v2.0")?
 			 */
-			struct commit *one = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+			struct commit *one = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository,
+								     &oid);
 			struct object *obj;
 
 			if (e->item == &(one->object)) {
@@ -384,19 +388,19 @@ static int write_bundle_refs(int bundle_fd, struct rev_info *revs)
 				 * end up triggering "empty bundle"
 				 * error.
 				 */
-				obj = parse_object_or_die(sha1, e->name);
+				obj = parse_object_or_die(&oid, e->name);
 				obj->flags |= SHOWN;
 				add_pending_object(revs, obj, e->name);
 			}
-			free(ref);
-			continue;
+			goto skip_write_ref;
 		}
 
 		ref_count++;
-		write_or_die(bundle_fd, sha1_to_hex(e->item->sha1), 40);
+		write_or_die(bundle_fd, oid_to_hex(&e->item->oid), 40);
 		write_or_die(bundle_fd, " ", 1);
 		write_or_die(bundle_fd, display_ref, strlen(display_ref));
 		write_or_die(bundle_fd, "\n", 1);
+ skip_write_ref:
 		free(ref);
 	}
 
@@ -408,7 +412,7 @@ static int write_bundle_refs(int bundle_fd, struct rev_info *revs)
 int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
 		  int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-	static struct lock_file lock;
+	struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
 	int bundle_fd = -1;
 	int bundle_to_stdout;
 	int ref_count = 0;
@@ -417,10 +421,21 @@ int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
 	bundle_to_stdout = !strcmp(path, "-");
 	if (bundle_to_stdout)
 		bundle_fd = 1;
-	else
+	else {
 		bundle_fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, path,
 						      LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 
+		/*
+		 * write_pack_data() will close the fd passed to it,
+		 * but commit_lock_file() will also try to close the
+		 * lockfile's fd. So make a copy of the file
+		 * descriptor to avoid trying to close it twice.
+		 */
+		bundle_fd = dup(bundle_fd);
+		if (bundle_fd < 0)
+			die_errno("unable to dup file descriptor");
+	}
+
 	/* write signature */
 	write_or_die(bundle_fd, bundle_signature, strlen(bundle_signature));
 
@@ -430,12 +445,14 @@ int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
 
 	/* write prerequisites */
 	if (compute_and_write_prerequisites(bundle_fd, &revs, argc, argv))
-		return -1;
+		goto err;
 
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &revs, NULL);
 
-	if (argc > 1)
-		return error(_("unrecognized argument: %s"), argv[1]);
+	if (argc > 1) {
+		error(_("unrecognized argument: %s"), argv[1]);
+		goto err;
+	}
 
 	object_array_remove_duplicates(&revs.pending);
 
@@ -443,17 +460,26 @@ int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
 	if (!ref_count)
 		die(_("Refusing to create empty bundle."));
 	else if (ref_count < 0)
-		return -1;
+		goto err;
 
 	/* write pack */
-	if (write_pack_data(bundle_fd, &lock, &revs))
-		return -1;
+	if (write_pack_data(bundle_fd, &revs)) {
+		bundle_fd = -1; /* already closed by the above call */
+		goto err;
+	}
 
 	if (!bundle_to_stdout) {
 		if (commit_lock_file(&lock))
 			die_errno(_("cannot create '%s'"), path);
 	}
 	return 0;
+err:
+	if (!bundle_to_stdout) {
+		if (0 <= bundle_fd)
+			close(bundle_fd);
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+	}
+	return -1;
 }
 
 int unbundle(struct bundle_header *header, int bundle_fd, int flags)
diff --git a/bundle.h b/bundle.h
index 1584e4d821..e9a4cb6a74 100644
--- a/bundle.h
+++ b/bundle.h
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 #ifndef BUNDLE_H
 #define BUNDLE_H
 
+#include "cache.h"
+
 struct ref_list {
 	unsigned int nr, alloc;
 	struct ref_list_entry {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		char *name;
 	} *list;
 };
diff --git a/cache-tree.c b/cache-tree.c
index 32772b9564..16ea022c46 100644
--- a/cache-tree.c
+++ b/cache-tree.c
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 #ifndef DEBUG
 #define DEBUG 0
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ static int subtree_pos(struct cache_tree *it, const char *path, int pathlen)
 	lo = 0;
 	hi = it->subtree_nr;
 	while (lo < hi) {
-		int mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
+		int mi = lo + (hi - lo) / 2;
 		struct cache_tree_sub *mdl = down[mi];
 		int cmp = subtree_name_cmp(path, pathlen,
 					   mdl->name, mdl->namelen);
@@ -79,16 +80,13 @@ static struct cache_tree_sub *find_subtree(struct cache_tree *it,
 	ALLOC_GROW(it->down, it->subtree_nr + 1, it->subtree_alloc);
 	it->subtree_nr++;
 
-	down = xmalloc(sizeof(*down) + pathlen + 1);
+	FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(down, name, path, pathlen);
 	down->cache_tree = NULL;
 	down->namelen = pathlen;
-	memcpy(down->name, path, pathlen);
-	down->name[pathlen] = 0;
 
 	if (pos < it->subtree_nr)
-		memmove(it->down + pos + 1,
-			it->down + pos,
-			sizeof(down) * (it->subtree_nr - pos - 1));
+		MOVE_ARRAY(it->down + pos + 1, it->down + pos,
+			   it->subtree_nr - pos - 1);
 	it->down[pos] = down;
 	return down;
 }
@@ -133,9 +131,8 @@ static int do_invalidate_path(struct cache_tree *it, const char *path)
 			 * move 4 and 5 up one place (2 entries)
 			 * 2 = 6 - 3 - 1 = subtree_nr - pos - 1
 			 */
-			memmove(it->down+pos, it->down+pos+1,
-				sizeof(struct cache_tree_sub *) *
-				(it->subtree_nr - pos - 1));
+			MOVE_ARRAY(it->down + pos, it->down + pos + 1,
+				   it->subtree_nr - pos - 1);
 			it->subtree_nr--;
 		}
 		return 1;
@@ -170,7 +167,7 @@ static int verify_cache(struct cache_entry **cache,
 				break;
 			}
 			fprintf(stderr, "%s: unmerged (%s)\n",
-				ce->name, sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
+				ce->name, oid_to_hex(&ce->oid));
 		}
 	}
 	if (funny)
@@ -227,7 +224,7 @@ int cache_tree_fully_valid(struct cache_tree *it)
 	int i;
 	if (!it)
 		return 0;
-	if (it->entry_count < 0 || !has_sha1_file(it->sha1))
+	if (it->entry_count < 0 || !has_sha1_file(it->oid.hash))
 		return 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < it->subtree_nr; i++) {
 		if (!cache_tree_fully_valid(it->down[i]->cache_tree))
@@ -255,7 +252,7 @@ static int update_one(struct cache_tree *it,
 
 	*skip_count = 0;
 
-	if (0 <= it->entry_count && has_sha1_file(it->sha1))
+	if (0 <= it->entry_count && has_sha1_file(it->oid.hash))
 		return it->entry_count;
 
 	/*
@@ -321,12 +318,13 @@ static int update_one(struct cache_tree *it,
 	i = 0;
 	while (i < entries) {
 		const struct cache_entry *ce = cache[i];
-		struct cache_tree_sub *sub;
+		struct cache_tree_sub *sub = NULL;
 		const char *path, *slash;
 		int pathlen, entlen;
-		const unsigned char *sha1;
+		const struct object_id *oid;
 		unsigned mode;
 		int expected_missing = 0;
+		int contains_ita = 0;
 
 		path = ce->name;
 		pathlen = ce_namelen(ce);
@@ -341,25 +339,28 @@ static int update_one(struct cache_tree *it,
 				die("cache-tree.c: '%.*s' in '%s' not found",
 				    entlen, path + baselen, path);
 			i += sub->count;
-			sha1 = sub->cache_tree->sha1;
+			oid = &sub->cache_tree->oid;
 			mode = S_IFDIR;
-			if (sub->cache_tree->entry_count < 0) {
+			contains_ita = sub->cache_tree->entry_count < 0;
+			if (contains_ita) {
 				to_invalidate = 1;
 				expected_missing = 1;
 			}
 		}
 		else {
-			sha1 = ce->sha1;
+			oid = &ce->oid;
 			mode = ce->ce_mode;
 			entlen = pathlen - baselen;
 			i++;
 		}
-		if (mode != S_IFGITLINK && !missing_ok && !has_sha1_file(sha1)) {
+
+		if (is_null_oid(oid) ||
+		    (mode != S_IFGITLINK && !missing_ok && !has_object_file(oid))) {
 			strbuf_release(&buffer);
 			if (expected_missing)
 				return -1;
 			return error("invalid object %06o %s for '%.*s'",
-				mode, sha1_to_hex(sha1), entlen+baselen, path);
+				mode, oid_to_hex(oid), entlen+baselen, path);
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -377,14 +378,20 @@ static int update_one(struct cache_tree *it,
 		 * they are not part of generated trees. Invalidate up
 		 * to root to force cache-tree users to read elsewhere.
 		 */
-		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_INTENT_TO_ADD) {
+		if (!sub && ce_intent_to_add(ce)) {
 			to_invalidate = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 
+		/*
+		 * "sub" can be an empty tree if all subentries are i-t-a.
+		 */
+		if (contains_ita && is_empty_tree_oid(oid))
+			continue;
+
 		strbuf_grow(&buffer, entlen + 100);
 		strbuf_addf(&buffer, "%o %.*s%c", mode, entlen, path + baselen, '\0');
-		strbuf_add(&buffer, sha1, 20);
+		strbuf_add(&buffer, oid->hash, the_hash_algo->rawsz);
 
 #if DEBUG
 		fprintf(stderr, "cache-tree update-one %o %.*s\n",
@@ -393,15 +400,16 @@ static int update_one(struct cache_tree *it,
 	}
 
 	if (repair) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		hash_sha1_file(buffer.buf, buffer.len, tree_type, sha1);
-		if (has_sha1_file(sha1))
-			hashcpy(it->sha1, sha1);
+		struct object_id oid;
+		hash_object_file(buffer.buf, buffer.len, tree_type, &oid);
+		if (has_object_file(&oid))
+			oidcpy(&it->oid, &oid);
 		else
 			to_invalidate = 1;
-	} else if (dryrun)
-		hash_sha1_file(buffer.buf, buffer.len, tree_type, it->sha1);
-	else if (write_sha1_file(buffer.buf, buffer.len, tree_type, it->sha1)) {
+	} else if (dryrun) {
+		hash_object_file(buffer.buf, buffer.len, tree_type, &it->oid);
+	} else if (write_object_file(buffer.buf, buffer.len, tree_type,
+				     &it->oid)) {
 		strbuf_release(&buffer);
 		return -1;
 	}
@@ -411,7 +419,7 @@ static int update_one(struct cache_tree *it,
 #if DEBUG
 	fprintf(stderr, "cache-tree update-one (%d ent, %d subtree) %s\n",
 		it->entry_count, it->subtree_nr,
-		sha1_to_hex(it->sha1));
+		oid_to_hex(&it->oid));
 #endif
 	return i;
 }
@@ -451,14 +459,14 @@ static void write_one(struct strbuf *buffer, struct cache_tree *it,
 	if (0 <= it->entry_count)
 		fprintf(stderr, "cache-tree <%.*s> (%d ent, %d subtree) %s\n",
 			pathlen, path, it->entry_count, it->subtree_nr,
-			sha1_to_hex(it->sha1));
+			oid_to_hex(&it->oid));
 	else
 		fprintf(stderr, "cache-tree <%.*s> (%d subtree) invalid\n",
 			pathlen, path, it->subtree_nr);
 #endif
 
 	if (0 <= it->entry_count) {
-		strbuf_add(buffer, it->sha1, 20);
+		strbuf_add(buffer, it->oid.hash, the_hash_algo->rawsz);
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < it->subtree_nr; i++) {
 		struct cache_tree_sub *down = it->down[i];
@@ -485,6 +493,7 @@ static struct cache_tree *read_one(const char **buffer, unsigned long *size_p)
 	char *ep;
 	struct cache_tree *it;
 	int i, subtree_nr;
+	const unsigned rawsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
 
 	it = NULL;
 	/* skip name, but make sure name exists */
@@ -513,18 +522,18 @@ static struct cache_tree *read_one(const char **buffer, unsigned long *size_p)
 		goto free_return;
 	buf++; size--;
 	if (0 <= it->entry_count) {
-		if (size < 20)
+		if (size < rawsz)
 			goto free_return;
-		hashcpy(it->sha1, (const unsigned char*)buf);
-		buf += 20;
-		size -= 20;
+		oidread(&it->oid, (const unsigned char *)buf);
+		buf += rawsz;
+		size -= rawsz;
 	}
 
 #if DEBUG
 	if (0 <= it->entry_count)
 		fprintf(stderr, "cache-tree <%s> (%d ent, %d subtree) %s\n",
 			*buffer, it->entry_count, subtree_nr,
-			sha1_to_hex(it->sha1));
+			oid_to_hex(&it->oid));
 	else
 		fprintf(stderr, "cache-tree <%s> (%d subtrees) invalid\n",
 			*buffer, subtree_nr);
@@ -592,36 +601,32 @@ static struct cache_tree *cache_tree_find(struct cache_tree *it, const char *pat
 	return it;
 }
 
-int write_cache_as_tree(unsigned char *sha1, int flags, const char *prefix)
+int write_index_as_tree(struct object_id *oid, struct index_state *index_state, const char *index_path, int flags, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int entries, was_valid, newfd;
-	struct lock_file *lock_file;
-
-	/*
-	 * We can't free this memory, it becomes part of a linked list
-	 * parsed atexit()
-	 */
-	lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+	int entries, was_valid;
+	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
+	int ret = 0;
 
-	newfd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
+	hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock_file, index_path, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 
-	entries = read_cache();
-	if (entries < 0)
-		return WRITE_TREE_UNREADABLE_INDEX;
+	entries = read_index_from(index_state, index_path, get_git_dir());
+	if (entries < 0) {
+		ret = WRITE_TREE_UNREADABLE_INDEX;
+		goto out;
+	}
 	if (flags & WRITE_TREE_IGNORE_CACHE_TREE)
-		cache_tree_free(&(active_cache_tree));
+		cache_tree_free(&index_state->cache_tree);
 
-	if (!active_cache_tree)
-		active_cache_tree = cache_tree();
+	if (!index_state->cache_tree)
+		index_state->cache_tree = cache_tree();
 
-	was_valid = cache_tree_fully_valid(active_cache_tree);
+	was_valid = cache_tree_fully_valid(index_state->cache_tree);
 	if (!was_valid) {
-		if (cache_tree_update(&the_index, flags) < 0)
-			return WRITE_TREE_UNMERGED_INDEX;
-		if (0 <= newfd) {
-			if (!write_locked_index(&the_index, lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
-				newfd = -1;
+		if (cache_tree_update(index_state, flags) < 0) {
+			ret = WRITE_TREE_UNMERGED_INDEX;
+			goto out;
 		}
+		write_locked_index(index_state, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK);
 		/* Not being able to write is fine -- we are only interested
 		 * in updating the cache-tree part, and if the next caller
 		 * ends up using the old index with unupdated cache-tree part
@@ -631,19 +636,20 @@ int write_cache_as_tree(unsigned char *sha1, int flags, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (prefix) {
-		struct cache_tree *subtree =
-			cache_tree_find(active_cache_tree, prefix);
-		if (!subtree)
-			return WRITE_TREE_PREFIX_ERROR;
-		hashcpy(sha1, subtree->sha1);
+		struct cache_tree *subtree;
+		subtree = cache_tree_find(index_state->cache_tree, prefix);
+		if (!subtree) {
+			ret = WRITE_TREE_PREFIX_ERROR;
+			goto out;
+		}
+		oidcpy(oid, &subtree->oid);
 	}
 	else
-		hashcpy(sha1, active_cache_tree->sha1);
-
-	if (0 <= newfd)
-		rollback_lock_file(lock_file);
+		oidcpy(oid, &index_state->cache_tree->oid);
 
-	return 0;
+out:
+	rollback_lock_file(&lock_file);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static void prime_cache_tree_rec(struct cache_tree *it, struct tree *tree)
@@ -652,7 +658,7 @@ static void prime_cache_tree_rec(struct cache_tree *it, struct tree *tree)
 	struct name_entry entry;
 	int cnt;
 
-	hashcpy(it->sha1, tree->object.sha1);
+	oidcpy(&it->oid, &tree->object.oid);
 	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 	cnt = 0;
 	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
@@ -660,7 +666,8 @@ static void prime_cache_tree_rec(struct cache_tree *it, struct tree *tree)
 			cnt++;
 		else {
 			struct cache_tree_sub *sub;
-			struct tree *subtree = lookup_tree(entry.sha1);
+			struct tree *subtree = lookup_tree(the_repository,
+							   entry.oid);
 			if (!subtree->object.parsed)
 				parse_tree(subtree);
 			sub = cache_tree_sub(it, entry.path);
@@ -707,14 +714,7 @@ int cache_tree_matches_traversal(struct cache_tree *root,
 
 	it = find_cache_tree_from_traversal(root, info);
 	it = cache_tree_find(it, ent->path);
-	if (it && it->entry_count > 0 && !hashcmp(ent->sha1, it->sha1))
+	if (it && it->entry_count > 0 && !oidcmp(ent->oid, &it->oid))
 		return it->entry_count;
 	return 0;
 }
-
-int update_main_cache_tree(int flags)
-{
-	if (!the_index.cache_tree)
-		the_index.cache_tree = cache_tree();
-	return cache_tree_update(&the_index, flags);
-}
diff --git a/cache-tree.h b/cache-tree.h
index aa7b3e4a0a..fc0c842e77 100644
--- a/cache-tree.h
+++ b/cache-tree.h
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef CACHE_TREE_H
 #define CACHE_TREE_H
 
+#include "cache.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ struct cache_tree_sub {
 
 struct cache_tree {
 	int entry_count; /* negative means "invalid" */
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	int subtree_nr;
 	int subtree_alloc;
 	struct cache_tree_sub **down;
@@ -32,8 +33,6 @@ struct cache_tree *cache_tree_read(const char *buffer, unsigned long size);
 int cache_tree_fully_valid(struct cache_tree *);
 int cache_tree_update(struct index_state *, int);
 
-int update_main_cache_tree(int);
-
 /* bitmasks to write_cache_as_tree flags */
 #define WRITE_TREE_MISSING_OK 1
 #define WRITE_TREE_IGNORE_CACHE_TREE 2
@@ -46,9 +45,23 @@ int update_main_cache_tree(int);
 #define WRITE_TREE_UNMERGED_INDEX (-2)
 #define WRITE_TREE_PREFIX_ERROR (-3)
 
-int write_cache_as_tree(unsigned char *sha1, int flags, const char *prefix);
+int write_index_as_tree(struct object_id *oid, struct index_state *index_state, const char *index_path, int flags, const char *prefix);
 void prime_cache_tree(struct index_state *, struct tree *);
 
-extern int cache_tree_matches_traversal(struct cache_tree *, struct name_entry *ent, struct traverse_info *info);
+int cache_tree_matches_traversal(struct cache_tree *, struct name_entry *ent, struct traverse_info *info);
+
+#ifndef NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
+static inline int write_cache_as_tree(struct object_id *oid, int flags, const char *prefix)
+{
+	return write_index_as_tree(oid, &the_index, get_index_file(), flags, prefix);
+}
+
+static inline int update_main_cache_tree(int flags)
+{
+	if (!the_index.cache_tree)
+		the_index.cache_tree = cache_tree();
+	return cache_tree_update(&the_index, flags);
+}
+#endif
 
 #endif
diff --git a/cache.h b/cache.h
index 761c5704b2..b1fd3d58ab 100644
--- a/cache.h
+++ b/cache.h
@@ -4,19 +4,18 @@
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "hashmap.h"
+#include "list.h"
 #include "advice.h"
 #include "gettext.h"
 #include "convert.h"
 #include "trace.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
-
-#include SHA1_HEADER
-#ifndef git_SHA_CTX
-#define git_SHA_CTX	SHA_CTX
-#define git_SHA1_Init	SHA1_Init
-#define git_SHA1_Update	SHA1_Update
-#define git_SHA1_Final	SHA1_Final
-#endif
+#include "pack-revindex.h"
+#include "hash.h"
+#include "path.h"
+#include "sha1-array.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "mem-pool.h"
 
 #include <zlib.h>
 typedef struct git_zstream {
@@ -43,6 +42,20 @@ int git_deflate_end_gently(git_zstream *);
 int git_deflate(git_zstream *, int flush);
 unsigned long git_deflate_bound(git_zstream *, unsigned long);
 
+/* The length in bytes and in hex digits of an object name (SHA-1 value). */
+#define GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ 20
+#define GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ (2 * GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ)
+
+/* The length in byte and in hex digits of the largest possible hash value. */
+#define GIT_MAX_RAWSZ GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ
+#define GIT_MAX_HEXSZ GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ
+
+struct object_id {
+	unsigned char hash[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
+};
+
+#define the_hash_algo the_repository->hash_algo
+
 #if defined(DT_UNKNOWN) && !defined(NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT)
 #define DTYPE(de)	((de)->d_type)
 #else
@@ -144,9 +157,10 @@ struct cache_entry {
 	struct stat_data ce_stat_data;
 	unsigned int ce_mode;
 	unsigned int ce_flags;
+	unsigned int mem_pool_allocated;
 	unsigned int ce_namelen;
 	unsigned int index;	/* for link extension */
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	char name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 
@@ -170,6 +184,7 @@ struct cache_entry {
 #define CE_ADDED             (1 << 19)
 
 #define CE_HASHED            (1 << 20)
+#define CE_FSMONITOR_VALID   (1 << 21)
 #define CE_WT_REMOVE         (1 << 22) /* remove in work directory */
 #define CE_CONFLICTED        (1 << 23)
 
@@ -188,7 +203,7 @@ struct cache_entry {
 #define CE_INTENT_TO_ADD     (1 << 29)
 #define CE_SKIP_WORKTREE     (1 << 30)
 /* CE_EXTENDED2 is for future extension */
-#define CE_EXTENDED2         (1 << 31)
+#define CE_EXTENDED2         (1U << 31)
 
 #define CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS (CE_INTENT_TO_ADD | CE_SKIP_WORKTREE)
 
@@ -202,7 +217,10 @@ struct cache_entry {
 #error "CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS out of range"
 #endif
 
+/* Forward structure decls */
 struct pathspec;
+struct child_process;
+struct tree;
 
 /*
  * Copy the sha1 and stat state of a cache entry from one to
@@ -212,6 +230,7 @@ static inline void copy_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *dst,
 				    const struct cache_entry *src)
 {
 	unsigned int state = dst->ce_flags & CE_HASHED;
+	int mem_pool_allocated = dst->mem_pool_allocated;
 
 	/* Don't copy hash chain and name */
 	memcpy(&dst->ce_stat_data, &src->ce_stat_data,
@@ -220,6 +239,9 @@ static inline void copy_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *dst,
 
 	/* Restore the hash state */
 	dst->ce_flags = (dst->ce_flags & ~CE_HASHED) | state;
+
+	/* Restore the mem_pool_allocated flag */
+	dst->mem_pool_allocated = mem_pool_allocated;
 }
 
 static inline unsigned create_ce_flags(unsigned stage)
@@ -233,6 +255,7 @@ static inline unsigned create_ce_flags(unsigned stage)
 #define ce_uptodate(ce) ((ce)->ce_flags & CE_UPTODATE)
 #define ce_skip_worktree(ce) ((ce)->ce_flags & CE_SKIP_WORKTREE)
 #define ce_mark_uptodate(ce) ((ce)->ce_flags |= CE_UPTODATE)
+#define ce_intent_to_add(ce) ((ce)->ce_flags & CE_INTENT_TO_ADD)
 
 #define ce_permissions(mode) (((mode) & 0100) ? 0755 : 0644)
 static inline unsigned int create_ce_mode(unsigned int mode)
@@ -289,8 +312,12 @@ static inline unsigned int canon_mode(unsigned int mode)
 #define RESOLVE_UNDO_CHANGED	(1 << 4)
 #define CACHE_TREE_CHANGED	(1 << 5)
 #define SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED	(1 << 6)
+#define UNTRACKED_CHANGED	(1 << 7)
+#define FSMONITOR_CHANGED	(1 << 8)
 
 struct split_index;
+struct untracked_cache;
+
 struct index_state {
 	struct cache_entry **cache;
 	unsigned int version;
@@ -300,20 +327,80 @@ struct index_state {
 	struct split_index *split_index;
 	struct cache_time timestamp;
 	unsigned name_hash_initialized : 1,
-		 initialized : 1;
+		 initialized : 1,
+		 drop_cache_tree : 1;
 	struct hashmap name_hash;
 	struct hashmap dir_hash;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
+	struct untracked_cache *untracked;
+	uint64_t fsmonitor_last_update;
+	struct ewah_bitmap *fsmonitor_dirty;
+	struct mem_pool *ce_mem_pool;
 };
 
 extern struct index_state the_index;
 
 /* Name hashing */
+extern int test_lazy_init_name_hash(struct index_state *istate, int try_threaded);
 extern void add_name_hash(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce);
 extern void remove_name_hash(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce);
 extern void free_name_hash(struct index_state *istate);
 
 
+/* Cache entry creation and cleanup */
+
+/*
+ * Create cache_entry intended for use in the specified index. Caller
+ * is responsible for discarding the cache_entry with
+ * `discard_cache_entry`.
+ */
+struct cache_entry *make_cache_entry(struct index_state *istate,
+				     unsigned int mode,
+				     const struct object_id *oid,
+				     const char *path,
+				     int stage,
+				     unsigned int refresh_options);
+
+struct cache_entry *make_empty_cache_entry(struct index_state *istate,
+					   size_t name_len);
+
+/*
+ * Create a cache_entry that is not intended to be added to an index.
+ * Caller is responsible for discarding the cache_entry
+ * with `discard_cache_entry`.
+ */
+struct cache_entry *make_transient_cache_entry(unsigned int mode,
+					       const struct object_id *oid,
+					       const char *path,
+					       int stage);
+
+struct cache_entry *make_empty_transient_cache_entry(size_t name_len);
+
+/*
+ * Discard cache entry.
+ */
+void discard_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce);
+
+/*
+ * Check configuration if we should perform extra validation on cache
+ * entries.
+ */
+int should_validate_cache_entries(void);
+
+/*
+ * Duplicate a cache_entry. Allocate memory for the new entry from a
+ * memory_pool. Takes into account cache_entry fields that are meant
+ * for managing the underlying memory allocation of the cache_entry.
+ */
+struct cache_entry *dup_cache_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce, struct index_state *istate);
+
+/*
+ * Validate the cache entries in the index.  This is an internal
+ * consistency check that the cache_entry structs are allocated from
+ * the expected memory pool.
+ */
+void validate_cache_entries(const struct index_state *istate);
+
 #ifndef NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #define active_cache (the_index.cache)
 #define active_nr (the_index.cache_nr)
@@ -322,7 +409,7 @@ extern void free_name_hash(struct index_state *istate);
 #define active_cache_tree (the_index.cache_tree)
 
 #define read_cache() read_index(&the_index)
-#define read_cache_from(path) read_index_from(&the_index, (path))
+#define read_cache_from(path) read_index_from(&the_index, (path), (get_git_dir()))
 #define read_cache_preload(pathspec) read_index_preload(&the_index, (pathspec))
 #define is_cache_unborn() is_index_unborn(&the_index)
 #define read_cache_unmerged() read_index_unmerged(&the_index)
@@ -335,6 +422,7 @@ extern void free_name_hash(struct index_state *istate);
 #define remove_file_from_cache(path) remove_file_from_index(&the_index, (path))
 #define add_to_cache(path, st, flags) add_to_index(&the_index, (path), (st), (flags))
 #define add_file_to_cache(path, flags) add_file_to_index(&the_index, (path), (flags))
+#define chmod_cache_entry(ce, flip) chmod_index_entry(&the_index, (ce), (flip))
 #define refresh_cache(flags) refresh_index(&the_index, (flags), NULL, NULL, NULL)
 #define ce_match_stat(ce, st, options) ie_match_stat(&the_index, (ce), (st), (options))
 #define ce_modified(ce, st, options) ie_modified(&the_index, (ce), (st), (options))
@@ -347,6 +435,13 @@ extern void free_name_hash(struct index_state *istate);
 #define read_blob_data_from_cache(path, sz) read_blob_data_from_index(&the_index, (path), (sz))
 #endif
 
+#define TYPE_BITS 3
+
+/*
+ * Values in this enum (except those outside the 3 bit range) are part
+ * of pack file format. See Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt
+ * for more information.
+ */
 enum object_type {
 	OBJ_BAD = -1,
 	OBJ_NONE = 0,
@@ -370,9 +465,11 @@ static inline enum object_type object_type(unsigned int mode)
 
 /* Double-check local_repo_env below if you add to this list. */
 #define GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_DIR"
+#define GIT_COMMON_DIR_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_COMMON_DIR"
 #define GIT_NAMESPACE_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_NAMESPACE"
 #define GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_WORK_TREE"
 #define GIT_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_PREFIX"
+#define GIT_SUPER_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_INTERNAL_SUPER_PREFIX"
 #define DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT ".git"
 #define DB_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY"
 #define INDEX_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_INDEX_FILE"
@@ -384,9 +481,11 @@ static inline enum object_type object_type(unsigned int mode)
 #define EXEC_PATH_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_EXEC_PATH"
 #define CEILING_DIRECTORIES_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES"
 #define NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS"
+#define GIT_REPLACE_REF_BASE_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_REPLACE_REF_BASE"
 #define GITATTRIBUTES_FILE ".gitattributes"
 #define INFOATTRIBUTES_FILE "info/attributes"
 #define ATTRIBUTE_MACRO_PREFIX "[attr]"
+#define GITMODULES_FILE ".gitmodules"
 #define GIT_NOTES_REF_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_NOTES_REF"
 #define GIT_NOTES_DEFAULT_REF "refs/notes/commits"
 #define GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF"
@@ -396,6 +495,19 @@ static inline enum object_type object_type(unsigned int mode)
 #define GIT_GLOB_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_GLOB_PATHSPECS"
 #define GIT_NOGLOB_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_NOGLOB_PATHSPECS"
 #define GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS"
+#define GIT_QUARANTINE_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_QUARANTINE_PATH"
+#define GIT_OPTIONAL_LOCKS_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_OPTIONAL_LOCKS"
+#define GIT_TEXT_DOMAIN_DIR_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_TEXTDOMAINDIR"
+
+/*
+ * Environment variable used in handshaking the wire protocol.
+ * Contains a colon ':' separated list of keys with optional values
+ * 'key[=value]'.  Presence of unknown keys and values must be
+ * ignored.
+ */
+#define GIT_PROTOCOL_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_PROTOCOL"
+/* HTTP header used to handshake the wire protocol */
+#define GIT_PROTOCOL_HEADER "Git-Protocol"
 
 /*
  * This environment variable is expected to contain a boolean indicating
@@ -417,33 +529,97 @@ static inline enum object_type object_type(unsigned int mode)
  */
 extern const char * const local_repo_env[];
 
+extern void setup_git_env(const char *git_dir);
+
+/*
+ * Returns true iff we have a configured git repository (either via
+ * setup_git_directory, or in the environment via $GIT_DIR).
+ */
+int have_git_dir(void);
+
 extern int is_bare_repository_cfg;
 extern int is_bare_repository(void);
 extern int is_inside_git_dir(void);
 extern char *git_work_tree_cfg;
 extern int is_inside_work_tree(void);
 extern const char *get_git_dir(void);
-extern int is_git_directory(const char *path);
+extern const char *get_git_common_dir(void);
 extern char *get_object_directory(void);
 extern char *get_index_file(void);
-extern char *get_graft_file(void);
-extern int set_git_dir(const char *path);
+extern char *get_graft_file(struct repository *r);
+extern void set_git_dir(const char *path);
+extern int get_common_dir_noenv(struct strbuf *sb, const char *gitdir);
+extern int get_common_dir(struct strbuf *sb, const char *gitdir);
 extern const char *get_git_namespace(void);
 extern const char *strip_namespace(const char *namespaced_ref);
+extern const char *get_super_prefix(void);
 extern const char *get_git_work_tree(void);
-extern const char *read_gitfile(const char *path);
-extern const char *resolve_gitdir(const char *suspect);
+
+/*
+ * Return true if the given path is a git directory; note that this _just_
+ * looks at the directory itself. If you want to know whether "foo/.git"
+ * is a repository, you must feed that path, not just "foo".
+ */
+extern int is_git_directory(const char *path);
+
+/*
+ * Return 1 if the given path is the root of a git repository or
+ * submodule, else 0. Will not return 1 for bare repositories with the
+ * exception of creating a bare repository in "foo/.git" and calling
+ * is_git_repository("foo").
+ *
+ * If we run into read errors, we err on the side of saying "yes, it is",
+ * as we usually consider sub-repos precious, and would prefer to err on the
+ * side of not disrupting or deleting them.
+ */
+extern int is_nonbare_repository_dir(struct strbuf *path);
+
+#define READ_GITFILE_ERR_STAT_FAILED 1
+#define READ_GITFILE_ERR_NOT_A_FILE 2
+#define READ_GITFILE_ERR_OPEN_FAILED 3
+#define READ_GITFILE_ERR_READ_FAILED 4
+#define READ_GITFILE_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT 5
+#define READ_GITFILE_ERR_NO_PATH 6
+#define READ_GITFILE_ERR_NOT_A_REPO 7
+#define READ_GITFILE_ERR_TOO_LARGE 8
+extern void read_gitfile_error_die(int error_code, const char *path, const char *dir);
+extern const char *read_gitfile_gently(const char *path, int *return_error_code);
+#define read_gitfile(path) read_gitfile_gently((path), NULL)
+extern const char *resolve_gitdir_gently(const char *suspect, int *return_error_code);
+#define resolve_gitdir(path) resolve_gitdir_gently((path), NULL)
+
 extern void set_git_work_tree(const char *tree);
 
 #define ALTERNATE_DB_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES"
 
-extern const char **get_pathspec(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec);
 extern void setup_work_tree(void);
+/*
+ * Find the commondir and gitdir of the repository that contains the current
+ * working directory, without changing the working directory or other global
+ * state. The result is appended to commondir and gitdir.  If the discovered
+ * gitdir does not correspond to a worktree, then 'commondir' and 'gitdir' will
+ * both have the same result appended to the buffer.  The return value is
+ * either 0 upon success and non-zero if no repository was found.
+ */
+extern int discover_git_directory(struct strbuf *commondir,
+				  struct strbuf *gitdir);
 extern const char *setup_git_directory_gently(int *);
 extern const char *setup_git_directory(void);
 extern char *prefix_path(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path);
 extern char *prefix_path_gently(const char *prefix, int len, int *remaining, const char *path);
-extern const char *prefix_filename(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path);
+
+/*
+ * Concatenate "prefix" (if len is non-zero) and "path", with no
+ * connecting characters (so "prefix" should end with a "/").
+ * Unlike prefix_path, this should be used if the named file does
+ * not have to interact with index entry; i.e. name of a random file
+ * on the filesystem.
+ *
+ * The return value is always a newly allocated string (even if the
+ * prefix was empty).
+ */
+extern char *prefix_filename(const char *prefix, const char *path);
+
 extern int check_filename(const char *prefix, const char *name);
 extern void verify_filename(const char *prefix,
 			    const char *name,
@@ -452,9 +628,10 @@ extern void verify_non_filename(const char *prefix, const char *name);
 extern int path_inside_repo(const char *prefix, const char *path);
 
 #define INIT_DB_QUIET 0x0001
+#define INIT_DB_EXIST_OK 0x0002
 
-extern int set_git_dir_init(const char *git_dir, const char *real_git_dir, int);
-extern int init_db(const char *template_dir, unsigned int flags);
+extern int init_db(const char *git_dir, const char *real_git_dir,
+		   const char *template_dir, unsigned int flags);
 
 extern void sanitize_stdfds(void);
 extern int daemonize(void);
@@ -485,18 +662,76 @@ extern int read_index(struct index_state *);
 extern int read_index_preload(struct index_state *, const struct pathspec *pathspec);
 extern int do_read_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path,
 			 int must_exist); /* for testting only! */
-extern int read_index_from(struct index_state *, const char *path);
+extern int read_index_from(struct index_state *, const char *path,
+			   const char *gitdir);
 extern int is_index_unborn(struct index_state *);
 extern int read_index_unmerged(struct index_state *);
+
+/* For use with `write_locked_index()`. */
 #define COMMIT_LOCK		(1 << 0)
-#define CLOSE_LOCK		(1 << 1)
+#define SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED	(1 << 1)
+
+/*
+ * Write the index while holding an already-taken lock. Close the lock,
+ * and if `COMMIT_LOCK` is given, commit it.
+ *
+ * Unless a split index is in use, write the index into the lockfile.
+ *
+ * With a split index, write the shared index to a temporary file,
+ * adjust its permissions and rename it into place, then write the
+ * split index to the lockfile. If the temporary file for the shared
+ * index cannot be created, fall back to the behavior described in
+ * the previous paragraph.
+ *
+ * With `COMMIT_LOCK`, the lock is always committed or rolled back.
+ * Without it, the lock is closed, but neither committed nor rolled
+ * back.
+ *
+ * If `SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED` is given and the index is unchanged, nothing
+ * is written (and the lock is rolled back if `COMMIT_LOCK` is given).
+ */
 extern int write_locked_index(struct index_state *, struct lock_file *lock, unsigned flags);
+
 extern int discard_index(struct index_state *);
+extern void move_index_extensions(struct index_state *dst, struct index_state *src);
 extern int unmerged_index(const struct index_state *);
-extern int verify_path(const char *path);
-extern struct cache_entry *index_dir_exists(struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen);
+
+/**
+ * Returns 1 if istate differs from tree, 0 otherwise.  If tree is NULL,
+ * compares istate to HEAD.  If tree is NULL and on an unborn branch,
+ * returns 1 if there are entries in istate, 0 otherwise.  If an strbuf is
+ * provided, the space-separated list of files that differ will be appended
+ * to it.
+ */
+extern int index_has_changes(const struct index_state *istate,
+			     struct tree *tree,
+			     struct strbuf *sb);
+
+extern int verify_path(const char *path, unsigned mode);
+extern int strcmp_offset(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t *first_change);
+extern int index_dir_exists(struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen);
+extern void adjust_dirname_case(struct index_state *istate, char *name);
 extern struct cache_entry *index_file_exists(struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen, int igncase);
+
+/*
+ * Searches for an entry defined by name and namelen in the given index.
+ * If the return value is positive (including 0) it is the position of an
+ * exact match. If the return value is negative, the negated value minus 1
+ * is the position where the entry would be inserted.
+ * Example: The current index consists of these files and its stages:
+ *
+ *   b#0, d#0, f#1, f#3
+ *
+ * index_name_pos(&index, "a", 1) -> -1
+ * index_name_pos(&index, "b", 1) ->  0
+ * index_name_pos(&index, "c", 1) -> -2
+ * index_name_pos(&index, "d", 1) ->  1
+ * index_name_pos(&index, "e", 1) -> -3
+ * index_name_pos(&index, "f", 1) -> -3
+ * index_name_pos(&index, "g", 1) -> -5
+ */
 extern int index_name_pos(const struct index_state *, const char *name, int namelen);
+
 #define ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD 1		/* Ok to add */
 #define ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE 2	/* Ok to replace file/directory */
 #define ADD_CACHE_SKIP_DFCHECK 4	/* Ok to skip DF conflict checks */
@@ -505,7 +740,10 @@ extern int index_name_pos(const struct index_state *, const char *name, int name
 #define ADD_CACHE_KEEP_CACHE_TREE 32	/* Do not invalidate cache-tree */
 extern int add_index_entry(struct index_state *, struct cache_entry *ce, int option);
 extern void rename_index_entry_at(struct index_state *, int pos, const char *new_name);
+
+/* Remove entry, return true if there are more entries to go. */
 extern int remove_index_entry_at(struct index_state *, int pos);
+
 extern void remove_marked_cache_entries(struct index_state *istate);
 extern int remove_file_from_index(struct index_state *, const char *path);
 #define ADD_CACHE_VERBOSE 1
@@ -513,13 +751,23 @@ extern int remove_file_from_index(struct index_state *, const char *path);
 #define ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_ERRORS	4
 #define ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL 8
 #define ADD_CACHE_INTENT 16
+/*
+ * These two are used to add the contents of the file at path
+ * to the index, marking the working tree up-to-date by storing
+ * the cached stat info in the resulting cache entry.  A caller
+ * that has already run lstat(2) on the path can call
+ * add_to_index(), and all others can call add_file_to_index();
+ * the latter will do necessary lstat(2) internally before
+ * calling the former.
+ */
 extern int add_to_index(struct index_state *, const char *path, struct stat *, int flags);
 extern int add_file_to_index(struct index_state *, const char *path, int flags);
-extern struct cache_entry *make_cache_entry(unsigned int mode, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, int stage, unsigned int refresh_options);
+
+extern int chmod_index_entry(struct index_state *, struct cache_entry *ce, char flip);
 extern int ce_same_name(const struct cache_entry *a, const struct cache_entry *b);
 extern void set_object_name_for_intent_to_add_entry(struct cache_entry *ce);
 extern int index_name_is_other(const struct index_state *, const char *, int);
-extern void *read_blob_data_from_index(struct index_state *, const char *, unsigned long *);
+extern void *read_blob_data_from_index(const struct index_state *, const char *, unsigned long *);
 
 /* do stat comparison even if CE_VALID is true */
 #define CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID		01
@@ -531,13 +779,16 @@ extern void *read_blob_data_from_index(struct index_state *, const char *, unsig
 #define CE_MATCH_IGNORE_MISSING		0x08
 /* enable stat refresh */
 #define CE_MATCH_REFRESH		0x10
-extern int ie_match_stat(const struct index_state *, const struct cache_entry *, struct stat *, unsigned int);
-extern int ie_modified(const struct index_state *, const struct cache_entry *, struct stat *, unsigned int);
+/* don't refresh_fsmonitor state or do stat comparison even if CE_FSMONITOR_VALID is true */
+#define CE_MATCH_IGNORE_FSMONITOR 0X20
+extern int ie_match_stat(struct index_state *, const struct cache_entry *, struct stat *, unsigned int);
+extern int ie_modified(struct index_state *, const struct cache_entry *, struct stat *, unsigned int);
 
 #define HASH_WRITE_OBJECT 1
 #define HASH_FORMAT_CHECK 2
-extern int index_fd(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, struct stat *st, enum object_type type, const char *path, unsigned flags);
-extern int index_path(unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, struct stat *st, unsigned flags);
+#define HASH_RENORMALIZE  4
+extern int index_fd(struct object_id *oid, int fd, struct stat *st, enum object_type type, const char *path, unsigned flags);
+extern int index_path(struct object_id *oid, const char *path, struct stat *st, unsigned flags);
 
 /*
  * Record to sd the data from st that we use to check whether a file
@@ -552,6 +803,8 @@ extern void fill_stat_data(struct stat_data *sd, struct stat *st);
  * INODE_CHANGED, and DATA_CHANGED.
  */
 extern int match_stat_data(const struct stat_data *sd, struct stat *st);
+extern int match_stat_data_racy(const struct index_state *istate,
+				const struct stat_data *sd, struct stat *st);
 
 extern void fill_stat_cache_info(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st);
 
@@ -562,13 +815,19 @@ extern void fill_stat_cache_info(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st);
 #define REFRESH_IGNORE_SUBMODULES	0x0010	/* ignore submodules */
 #define REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN	0x0020	/* user friendly output, not "needs update" */
 extern int refresh_index(struct index_state *, unsigned int flags, const struct pathspec *pathspec, char *seen, const char *header_msg);
+extern struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_entry(struct index_state *, struct cache_entry *, unsigned int);
 
+/*
+ * Opportunistically update the index but do not complain if we can't.
+ * The lockfile is always committed or rolled back.
+ */
 extern void update_index_if_able(struct index_state *, struct lock_file *);
 
 extern int hold_locked_index(struct lock_file *, int);
 extern void set_alternate_index_output(const char *);
 
-extern int delete_ref(const char *, const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned int flags);
+extern int verify_index_checksum;
+extern int verify_ce_order;
 
 /* Environment bits from configuration mechanism */
 extern int trust_executable_bit;
@@ -580,16 +839,15 @@ extern int minimum_abbrev, default_abbrev;
 extern int ignore_case;
 extern int assume_unchanged;
 extern int prefer_symlink_refs;
-extern int log_all_ref_updates;
 extern int warn_ambiguous_refs;
 extern int warn_on_object_refname_ambiguity;
-extern int shared_repository;
 extern const char *apply_default_whitespace;
 extern const char *apply_default_ignorewhitespace;
 extern const char *git_attributes_file;
+extern const char *git_hooks_path;
 extern int zlib_compression_level;
 extern int core_compression_level;
-extern int core_compression_seen;
+extern int pack_compression_level;
 extern size_t packed_git_window_size;
 extern size_t packed_git_limit;
 extern size_t delta_base_cache_limit;
@@ -597,14 +855,23 @@ extern unsigned long big_file_threshold;
 extern unsigned long pack_size_limit_cfg;
 
 /*
+ * Accessors for the core.sharedrepository config which lazy-load the value
+ * from the config (if not already set). The "reset" function can be
+ * used to unset "set" or cached value, meaning that the value will be loaded
+ * fresh from the config file on the next call to get_shared_repository().
+ */
+void set_shared_repository(int value);
+int get_shared_repository(void);
+void reset_shared_repository(void);
+
+/*
  * Do replace refs need to be checked this run?  This variable is
  * initialized to true unless --no-replace-object is used or
  * $GIT_NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS is set, but is set to false by some
- * commands that do not want replace references to be active.  As an
- * optimization it is also set to false if replace references have
- * been sought but there were none.
+ * commands that do not want replace references to be active.
  */
-extern int check_replace_refs;
+extern int read_replace_refs;
+extern char *git_replace_ref_base;
 
 extern int fsync_object_files;
 extern int core_preload_index;
@@ -612,6 +879,20 @@ extern int core_apply_sparse_checkout;
 extern int precomposed_unicode;
 extern int protect_hfs;
 extern int protect_ntfs;
+extern const char *core_fsmonitor;
+
+/*
+ * Include broken refs in all ref iterations, which will
+ * generally choke dangerous operations rather than letting
+ * them silently proceed without taking the broken ref into
+ * account.
+ */
+extern int ref_paranoia;
+
+/*
+ * Returns the boolean value of $GIT_OPTIONAL_LOCKS (or the default value).
+ */
+int use_optional_locks(void);
 
 /*
  * The character that begins a commented line in user-editable file
@@ -620,14 +901,21 @@ extern int protect_ntfs;
 extern char comment_line_char;
 extern int auto_comment_line_char;
 
-enum branch_track {
-	BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED = -1,
-	BRANCH_TRACK_NEVER = 0,
-	BRANCH_TRACK_REMOTE,
-	BRANCH_TRACK_ALWAYS,
-	BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT,
-	BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE
+/* Windows only */
+enum hide_dotfiles_type {
+	HIDE_DOTFILES_FALSE = 0,
+	HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE,
+	HIDE_DOTFILES_DOTGITONLY
+};
+extern enum hide_dotfiles_type hide_dotfiles;
+
+enum log_refs_config {
+	LOG_REFS_UNSET = -1,
+	LOG_REFS_NONE = 0,
+	LOG_REFS_NORMAL,
+	LOG_REFS_ALWAYS
 };
+extern enum log_refs_config log_all_ref_updates;
 
 enum rebase_setup_type {
 	AUTOREBASE_NEVER = 0,
@@ -645,7 +933,6 @@ enum push_default_type {
 	PUSH_DEFAULT_UNSPECIFIED
 };
 
-extern enum branch_track git_branch_track;
 extern enum rebase_setup_type autorebase;
 extern enum push_default_type push_default;
 
@@ -660,9 +947,50 @@ extern char *notes_ref_name;
 
 extern int grafts_replace_parents;
 
+/*
+ * GIT_REPO_VERSION is the version we write by default. The
+ * _READ variant is the highest number we know how to
+ * handle.
+ */
 #define GIT_REPO_VERSION 0
-extern int repository_format_version;
-extern int check_repository_format(void);
+#define GIT_REPO_VERSION_READ 1
+extern int repository_format_precious_objects;
+extern char *repository_format_partial_clone;
+extern const char *core_partial_clone_filter_default;
+
+struct repository_format {
+	int version;
+	int precious_objects;
+	char *partial_clone; /* value of extensions.partialclone */
+	int is_bare;
+	int hash_algo;
+	char *work_tree;
+	struct string_list unknown_extensions;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Read the repository format characteristics from the config file "path" into
+ * "format" struct. Returns the numeric version. On error, -1 is returned,
+ * format->version is set to -1, and all other fields in the struct are
+ * undefined.
+ */
+int read_repository_format(struct repository_format *format, const char *path);
+
+/*
+ * Verify that the repository described by repository_format is something we
+ * can read. If it is, return 0. Otherwise, return -1, and "err" will describe
+ * any errors encountered.
+ */
+int verify_repository_format(const struct repository_format *format,
+			     struct strbuf *err);
+
+/*
+ * Check the repository format version in the path found in get_git_dir(),
+ * and die if it is a version we don't understand. Generally one would
+ * set_git_dir() before calling this, and use it only for "are we in a valid
+ * repo?".
+ */
+extern void check_repository_format(void);
 
 #define MTIME_CHANGED	0x0001
 #define CTIME_CHANGED	0x0002
@@ -672,56 +1000,35 @@ extern int check_repository_format(void);
 #define DATA_CHANGED    0x0020
 #define TYPE_CHANGED    0x0040
 
-extern char *mksnpath(char *buf, size_t n, const char *fmt, ...)
-	__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)));
-extern char *git_snpath(char *buf, size_t n, const char *fmt, ...)
-	__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)));
-extern char *git_pathdup(const char *fmt, ...)
-	__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
-extern char *mkpathdup(const char *fmt, ...)
-	__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
-
-/* Return a statically allocated filename matching the sha1 signature */
-extern char *mkpath(const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
-extern char *git_path(const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
-extern char *git_path_submodule(const char *path, const char *fmt, ...)
-	__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
-
-/*
- * Return the name of the file in the local object database that would
- * be used to store a loose object with the specified sha1.  The
- * return value is a pointer to a statically allocated buffer that is
- * overwritten each time the function is called.
- */
-extern const char *sha1_file_name(const unsigned char *sha1);
-
 /*
- * Return the name of the (local) packfile with the specified sha1 in
- * its name.  The return value is a pointer to memory that is
- * overwritten each time this function is called.
- */
-extern char *sha1_pack_name(const unsigned char *sha1);
-
-/*
- * Return the name of the (local) pack index file with the specified
- * sha1 in its name.  The return value is a pointer to memory that is
- * overwritten each time this function is called.
+ * Return an abbreviated sha1 unique within this repository's object database.
+ * The result will be at least `len` characters long, and will be NUL
+ * terminated.
+ *
+ * The non-`_r` version returns a static buffer which remains valid until 4
+ * more calls to find_unique_abbrev are made.
+ *
+ * The `_r` variant writes to a buffer supplied by the caller, which must be at
+ * least `GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1` bytes. The return value is the number of bytes
+ * written (excluding the NUL terminator).
+ *
+ * Note that while this version avoids the static buffer, it is not fully
+ * reentrant, as it calls into other non-reentrant git code.
  */
-extern char *sha1_pack_index_name(const unsigned char *sha1);
+extern const char *find_unique_abbrev(const struct object_id *oid, int len);
+extern int find_unique_abbrev_r(char *hex, const struct object_id *oid, int len);
 
-extern const char *find_unique_abbrev(const unsigned char *sha1, int);
-extern const unsigned char null_sha1[20];
+extern const unsigned char null_sha1[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
+extern const struct object_id null_oid;
 
 static inline int hashcmp(const unsigned char *sha1, const unsigned char *sha2)
 {
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < 20; i++, sha1++, sha2++) {
-		if (*sha1 != *sha2)
-			return *sha1 - *sha2;
-	}
+	return memcmp(sha1, sha2, the_hash_algo->rawsz);
+}
 
-	return 0;
+static inline int oidcmp(const struct object_id *oid1, const struct object_id *oid2)
+{
+	return hashcmp(oid1->hash, oid2->hash);
 }
 
 static inline int is_null_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
@@ -729,39 +1036,65 @@ static inline int is_null_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	return !hashcmp(sha1, null_sha1);
 }
 
+static inline int is_null_oid(const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	return !hashcmp(oid->hash, null_sha1);
+}
+
 static inline void hashcpy(unsigned char *sha_dst, const unsigned char *sha_src)
 {
-	memcpy(sha_dst, sha_src, 20);
+	memcpy(sha_dst, sha_src, the_hash_algo->rawsz);
+}
+
+static inline void oidcpy(struct object_id *dst, const struct object_id *src)
+{
+	hashcpy(dst->hash, src->hash);
 }
+
+static inline struct object_id *oiddup(const struct object_id *src)
+{
+	struct object_id *dst = xmalloc(sizeof(struct object_id));
+	oidcpy(dst, src);
+	return dst;
+}
+
 static inline void hashclr(unsigned char *hash)
 {
-	memset(hash, 0, 20);
+	memset(hash, 0, the_hash_algo->rawsz);
 }
 
-#define EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX \
-	"4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904"
-#define EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN_LITERAL \
-	 "\x4b\x82\x5d\xc6\x42\xcb\x6e\xb9\xa0\x60" \
-	 "\xe5\x4b\xf8\xd6\x92\x88\xfb\xee\x49\x04"
-#define EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN \
-	 ((const unsigned char *) EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN_LITERAL)
-
-#define EMPTY_BLOB_SHA1_HEX \
-	"e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391"
-#define EMPTY_BLOB_SHA1_BIN_LITERAL \
-	"\xe6\x9d\xe2\x9b\xb2\xd1\xd6\x43\x4b\x8b" \
-	"\x29\xae\x77\x5a\xd8\xc2\xe4\x8c\x53\x91"
-#define EMPTY_BLOB_SHA1_BIN \
-	((const unsigned char *) EMPTY_BLOB_SHA1_BIN_LITERAL)
+static inline void oidclr(struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	memset(oid->hash, 0, GIT_MAX_RAWSZ);
+}
+
+static inline void oidread(struct object_id *oid, const unsigned char *hash)
+{
+	memcpy(oid->hash, hash, the_hash_algo->rawsz);
+}
 
 static inline int is_empty_blob_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	return !hashcmp(sha1, EMPTY_BLOB_SHA1_BIN);
+	return !hashcmp(sha1, the_hash_algo->empty_blob->hash);
 }
 
-int git_mkstemp(char *path, size_t n, const char *template);
+static inline int is_empty_blob_oid(const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	return !oidcmp(oid, the_hash_algo->empty_blob);
+}
+
+static inline int is_empty_tree_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	return !hashcmp(sha1, the_hash_algo->empty_tree->hash);
+}
+
+static inline int is_empty_tree_oid(const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	return !oidcmp(oid, the_hash_algo->empty_tree);
+}
 
-int git_mkstemps(char *path, size_t n, const char *template, int suffix_len);
+const char *empty_tree_oid_hex(void);
+const char *empty_blob_oid_hex(void);
 
 /* set default permissions by passing mode arguments to open(2) */
 int git_mkstemps_mode(char *pattern, int suffix_len, int mode);
@@ -787,8 +1120,9 @@ int adjust_shared_perm(const char *path);
 
 /*
  * Create the directory containing the named path, using care to be
- * somewhat safe against races.  Return one of the scld_error values
- * to indicate success/failure.
+ * somewhat safe against races. Return one of the scld_error values to
+ * indicate success/failure. On error, set errno to describe the
+ * problem.
  *
  * SCLD_VANISHED indicates that one of the ancestor directories of the
  * path existed at one point during the function call and then
@@ -796,6 +1130,11 @@ int adjust_shared_perm(const char *path);
  * directory while we were working.  To be robust against this kind of
  * race, callers might want to try invoking the function again when it
  * returns SCLD_VANISHED.
+ *
+ * safe_create_leading_directories() temporarily changes path while it
+ * is working but restores it before returning.
+ * safe_create_leading_directories_const() doesn't modify path, even
+ * temporarily.
  */
 enum scld_error {
 	SCLD_OK = 0,
@@ -807,18 +1146,64 @@ enum scld_error {
 enum scld_error safe_create_leading_directories(char *path);
 enum scld_error safe_create_leading_directories_const(const char *path);
 
+/*
+ * Callback function for raceproof_create_file(). This function is
+ * expected to do something that makes dirname(path) permanent despite
+ * the fact that other processes might be cleaning up empty
+ * directories at the same time. Usually it will create a file named
+ * path, but alternatively it could create another file in that
+ * directory, or even chdir() into that directory. The function should
+ * return 0 if the action was completed successfully. On error, it
+ * should return a nonzero result and set errno.
+ * raceproof_create_file() treats two errno values specially:
+ *
+ * - ENOENT -- dirname(path) does not exist. In this case,
+ *             raceproof_create_file() tries creating dirname(path)
+ *             (and any parent directories, if necessary) and calls
+ *             the function again.
+ *
+ * - EISDIR -- the file already exists and is a directory. In this
+ *             case, raceproof_create_file() removes the directory if
+ *             it is empty (and recursively any empty directories that
+ *             it contains) and calls the function again.
+ *
+ * Any other errno causes raceproof_create_file() to fail with the
+ * callback's return value and errno.
+ *
+ * Obviously, this function should be OK with being called again if it
+ * fails with ENOENT or EISDIR. In other scenarios it will not be
+ * called again.
+ */
+typedef int create_file_fn(const char *path, void *cb);
+
+/*
+ * Create a file in dirname(path) by calling fn, creating leading
+ * directories if necessary. Retry a few times in case we are racing
+ * with another process that is trying to clean up the directory that
+ * contains path. See the documentation for create_file_fn for more
+ * details.
+ *
+ * Return the value and set the errno that resulted from the most
+ * recent call of fn. fn is always called at least once, and will be
+ * called more than once if it returns ENOENT or EISDIR.
+ */
+int raceproof_create_file(const char *path, create_file_fn fn, void *cb);
+
 int mkdir_in_gitdir(const char *path);
-extern void home_config_paths(char **global, char **xdg, char *file);
-extern char *expand_user_path(const char *path);
+extern char *expand_user_path(const char *path, int real_home);
 const char *enter_repo(const char *path, int strict);
 static inline int is_absolute_path(const char *path)
 {
 	return is_dir_sep(path[0]) || has_dos_drive_prefix(path);
 }
 int is_directory(const char *);
+char *strbuf_realpath(struct strbuf *resolved, const char *path,
+		      int die_on_error);
 const char *real_path(const char *path);
 const char *real_path_if_valid(const char *path);
+char *real_pathdup(const char *path, int die_on_error);
 const char *absolute_path(const char *path);
+char *absolute_pathdup(const char *path);
 const char *remove_leading_path(const char *in, const char *prefix);
 const char *relative_path(const char *in, const char *prefix, struct strbuf *sb);
 int normalize_path_copy_len(char *dst, const char *src, int *prefix_len);
@@ -826,79 +1211,49 @@ int normalize_path_copy(char *dst, const char *src);
 int longest_ancestor_length(const char *path, struct string_list *prefixes);
 char *strip_path_suffix(const char *path, const char *suffix);
 int daemon_avoid_alias(const char *path);
-extern int is_ntfs_dotgit(const char *name);
-
-/* object replacement */
-#define LOOKUP_REPLACE_OBJECT 1
-extern void *read_sha1_file_extended(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *size, unsigned flag);
-static inline void *read_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *size)
-{
-	return read_sha1_file_extended(sha1, type, size, LOOKUP_REPLACE_OBJECT);
-}
 
 /*
- * This internal function is only declared here for the benefit of
- * lookup_replace_object().  Please do not call it directly.
+ * These functions match their is_hfs_dotgit() counterparts; see utf8.h for
+ * details.
  */
-extern const unsigned char *do_lookup_replace_object(const unsigned char *sha1);
+int is_ntfs_dotgit(const char *name);
+int is_ntfs_dotgitmodules(const char *name);
+int is_ntfs_dotgitignore(const char *name);
+int is_ntfs_dotgitattributes(const char *name);
 
 /*
- * If object sha1 should be replaced, return the replacement object's
- * name (replaced recursively, if necessary).  The return value is
- * either sha1 or a pointer to a permanently-allocated value.  When
- * object replacement is suppressed, always return sha1.
+ * Returns true iff "str" could be confused as a command-line option when
+ * passed to a sub-program like "ssh". Note that this has nothing to do with
+ * shell-quoting, which should be handled separately; we're assuming here that
+ * the string makes it verbatim to the sub-program.
  */
-static inline const unsigned char *lookup_replace_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	if (!check_replace_refs)
-		return sha1;
-	return do_lookup_replace_object(sha1);
-}
+int looks_like_command_line_option(const char *str);
 
-static inline const unsigned char *lookup_replace_object_extended(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned flag)
-{
-	if (!(flag & LOOKUP_REPLACE_OBJECT))
-		return sha1;
-	return lookup_replace_object(sha1);
-}
+/**
+ * Return a newly allocated string with the evaluation of
+ * "$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/$filename" if $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is non-empty, otherwise
+ * "$HOME/.config/git/$filename". Return NULL upon error.
+ */
+extern char *xdg_config_home(const char *filename);
 
-/* Read and unpack a sha1 file into memory, write memory to a sha1 file */
-extern int sha1_object_info(const unsigned char *, unsigned long *);
-extern int hash_sha1_file(const void *buf, unsigned long len, const char *type, unsigned char *sha1);
-extern int write_sha1_file(const void *buf, unsigned long len, const char *type, unsigned char *return_sha1);
-extern int pretend_sha1_file(void *, unsigned long, enum object_type, unsigned char *);
-extern int force_object_loose(const unsigned char *sha1, time_t mtime);
-extern int git_open_noatime(const char *name);
-extern void *map_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *size);
+/**
+ * Return a newly allocated string with the evaluation of
+ * "$XDG_CACHE_HOME/git/$filename" if $XDG_CACHE_HOME is non-empty, otherwise
+ * "$HOME/.cache/git/$filename". Return NULL upon error.
+ */
+extern char *xdg_cache_home(const char *filename);
+
+extern int git_open_cloexec(const char *name, int flags);
+#define git_open(name) git_open_cloexec(name, O_RDONLY)
 extern int unpack_sha1_header(git_zstream *stream, unsigned char *map, unsigned long mapsize, void *buffer, unsigned long bufsiz);
 extern int parse_sha1_header(const char *hdr, unsigned long *sizep);
 
-/* global flag to enable extra checks when accessing packed objects */
-extern int do_check_packed_object_crc;
-
-extern int check_sha1_signature(const unsigned char *sha1, void *buf, unsigned long size, const char *type);
-
-extern int move_temp_to_file(const char *tmpfile, const char *filename);
+extern int check_object_signature(const struct object_id *oid, void *buf, unsigned long size, const char *type);
 
-extern int has_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1);
+extern int finalize_object_file(const char *tmpfile, const char *filename);
 
-/*
- * Return true iff we have an object named sha1, whether local or in
- * an alternate object database, and whether packed or loose.  This
- * function does not respect replace references.
- */
-extern int has_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1);
-
-/*
- * Return true iff an alternate object database has a loose object
- * with the specified name.  This function does not respect replace
- * references.
- */
-extern int has_loose_object_nonlocal(const unsigned char *sha1);
-
-extern int has_pack_index(const unsigned char *sha1);
-
-extern void assert_sha1_type(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type expect);
+/* Helper to check and "touch" a file */
+extern int check_and_freshen_file(const char *fn, int freshen);
 
 extern const signed char hexval_table[256];
 static inline unsigned int hexval(unsigned char c)
@@ -906,36 +1261,68 @@ static inline unsigned int hexval(unsigned char c)
 	return hexval_table[c];
 }
 
+/*
+ * Convert two consecutive hexadecimal digits into a char.  Return a
+ * negative value on error.  Don't run over the end of short strings.
+ */
+static inline int hex2chr(const char *s)
+{
+	unsigned int val = hexval(s[0]);
+	return (val & ~0xf) ? val : (val << 4) | hexval(s[1]);
+}
+
 /* Convert to/from hex/sha1 representation */
 #define MINIMUM_ABBREV minimum_abbrev
 #define DEFAULT_ABBREV default_abbrev
 
+/* used when the code does not know or care what the default abbrev is */
+#define FALLBACK_DEFAULT_ABBREV 7
+
 struct object_context {
-	unsigned char tree[20];
-	char path[PATH_MAX];
 	unsigned mode;
+	/*
+	 * symlink_path is only used by get_tree_entry_follow_symlinks,
+	 * and only for symlinks that point outside the repository.
+	 */
+	struct strbuf symlink_path;
+	/*
+	 * If GET_OID_RECORD_PATH is set, this will record path (if any)
+	 * found when resolving the name. The caller is responsible for
+	 * releasing the memory.
+	 */
+	char *path;
 };
 
-#define GET_SHA1_QUIETLY        01
-#define GET_SHA1_COMMIT         02
-#define GET_SHA1_COMMITTISH     04
-#define GET_SHA1_TREE          010
-#define GET_SHA1_TREEISH       020
-#define GET_SHA1_BLOB	       040
-#define GET_SHA1_ONLY_TO_DIE 04000
-
-extern int get_sha1(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1);
-extern int get_sha1_commit(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1);
-extern int get_sha1_committish(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1);
-extern int get_sha1_tree(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1);
-extern int get_sha1_treeish(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1);
-extern int get_sha1_blob(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1);
+#define GET_OID_QUIETLY           01
+#define GET_OID_COMMIT            02
+#define GET_OID_COMMITTISH        04
+#define GET_OID_TREE             010
+#define GET_OID_TREEISH          020
+#define GET_OID_BLOB             040
+#define GET_OID_FOLLOW_SYMLINKS 0100
+#define GET_OID_RECORD_PATH     0200
+#define GET_OID_ONLY_TO_DIE    04000
+
+#define GET_OID_DISAMBIGUATORS \
+	(GET_OID_COMMIT | GET_OID_COMMITTISH | \
+	GET_OID_TREE | GET_OID_TREEISH | \
+	GET_OID_BLOB)
+
+extern int get_oid(const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
+extern int get_oid_commit(const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
+extern int get_oid_committish(const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
+extern int get_oid_tree(const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
+extern int get_oid_treeish(const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
+extern int get_oid_blob(const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
 extern void maybe_die_on_misspelt_object_name(const char *name, const char *prefix);
-extern int get_sha1_with_context(const char *str, unsigned flags, unsigned char *sha1, struct object_context *orc);
+extern int get_oid_with_context(const char *str, unsigned flags, struct object_id *oid, struct object_context *oc);
 
-typedef int each_abbrev_fn(const unsigned char *sha1, void *);
+
+typedef int each_abbrev_fn(const struct object_id *oid, void *);
 extern int for_each_abbrev(const char *prefix, each_abbrev_fn, void *);
 
+extern int set_disambiguate_hint_config(const char *var, const char *value);
+
 /*
  * Try to read a SHA1 in hexadecimal format from the 40 characters
  * starting at hex.  Write the 20-byte result to sha1 in binary form.
@@ -944,78 +1331,73 @@ extern int for_each_abbrev(const char *prefix, each_abbrev_fn, void *);
  * null-terminated string.
  */
 extern int get_sha1_hex(const char *hex, unsigned char *sha1);
+extern int get_oid_hex(const char *hex, struct object_id *sha1);
 
-extern char *sha1_to_hex(const unsigned char *sha1);	/* static buffer result! */
-extern int read_ref_full(const char *refname, int resolve_flags,
-			 unsigned char *sha1, int *flags);
-extern int read_ref(const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1);
+/*
+ * Read `len` pairs of hexadecimal digits from `hex` and write the
+ * values to `binary` as `len` bytes. Return 0 on success, or -1 if
+ * the input does not consist of hex digits).
+ */
+extern int hex_to_bytes(unsigned char *binary, const char *hex, size_t len);
 
 /*
- * Resolve a reference, recursively following symbolic refererences.
- *
- * Store the referred-to object's name in sha1 and return the name of
- * the non-symbolic reference that ultimately pointed at it.  The
- * return value, if not NULL, is a pointer into either a static buffer
- * or the input ref.
+ * Convert a binary sha1 to its hex equivalent. The `_r` variant is reentrant,
+ * and writes the NUL-terminated output to the buffer `out`, which must be at
+ * least `GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1` bytes, and returns a pointer to out for
+ * convenience.
  *
- * If the reference cannot be resolved to an object, the behavior
- * depends on the RESOLVE_REF_READING flag:
+ * The non-`_r` variant returns a static buffer, but uses a ring of 4
+ * buffers, making it safe to make multiple calls for a single statement, like:
  *
- * - If RESOLVE_REF_READING is set, return NULL.
- *
- * - If RESOLVE_REF_READING is not set, clear sha1 and return the name of
- *   the last reference name in the chain, which will either be a non-symbolic
- *   reference or an undefined reference.  If this is a prelude to
- *   "writing" to the ref, the return value is the name of the ref
- *   that will actually be created or changed.
+ *   printf("%s -> %s", sha1_to_hex(one), sha1_to_hex(two));
+ */
+extern char *sha1_to_hex_r(char *out, const unsigned char *sha1);
+extern char *oid_to_hex_r(char *out, const struct object_id *oid);
+extern char *sha1_to_hex(const unsigned char *sha1);	/* static buffer result! */
+extern char *oid_to_hex(const struct object_id *oid);	/* same static buffer as sha1_to_hex */
+
+/*
+ * Parse a 40-character hexadecimal object ID starting from hex, updating the
+ * pointer specified by end when parsing stops.  The resulting object ID is
+ * stored in oid.  Returns 0 on success.  Parsing will stop on the first NUL or
+ * other invalid character.  end is only updated on success; otherwise, it is
+ * unmodified.
+ */
+extern int parse_oid_hex(const char *hex, struct object_id *oid, const char **end);
+
+/*
+ * This reads short-hand syntax that not only evaluates to a commit
+ * object name, but also can act as if the end user spelled the name
+ * of the branch from the command line.
  *
- * If the RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE flag is passed, only resolves one
- * level of symbolic reference.  The value stored in sha1 for a symbolic
- * reference will always be null_sha1 in this case, and the return
- * value is the reference that the symref refers to directly.
+ * - "@{-N}" finds the name of the Nth previous branch we were on, and
+ *   places the name of the branch in the given buf and returns the
+ *   number of characters parsed if successful.
  *
- * If flags is non-NULL, set the value that it points to the
- * combination of REF_ISPACKED (if the reference was found among the
- * packed references), REF_ISSYMREF (if the initial reference was a
- * symbolic reference), REF_BAD_NAME (if the reference name is ill
- * formed --- see RESOLVE_REF_ALLOW_BAD_NAME below), and REF_ISBROKEN
- * (if the ref is malformed or has a bad name). See refs.h for more detail
- * on each flag.
+ * - "<branch>@{upstream}" finds the name of the other ref that
+ *   <branch> is configured to merge with (missing <branch> defaults
+ *   to the current branch), and places the name of the branch in the
+ *   given buf and returns the number of characters parsed if
+ *   successful.
  *
- * If ref is not a properly-formatted, normalized reference, return
- * NULL.  If more than MAXDEPTH recursive symbolic lookups are needed,
- * give up and return NULL.
+ * If the input is not of the accepted format, it returns a negative
+ * number to signal an error.
  *
- * RESOLVE_REF_ALLOW_BAD_NAME allows resolving refs even when their
- * name is invalid according to git-check-ref-format(1).  If the name
- * is bad then the value stored in sha1 will be null_sha1 and the two
- * flags REF_ISBROKEN and REF_BAD_NAME will be set.
+ * If the input was ok but there are not N branch switches in the
+ * reflog, it returns 0.
  *
- * Even with RESOLVE_REF_ALLOW_BAD_NAME, names that escape the refs/
- * directory and do not consist of all caps and underscores cannot be
- * resolved. The function returns NULL for such ref names.
- * Caps and underscores refers to the special refs, such as HEAD,
- * FETCH_HEAD and friends, that all live outside of the refs/ directory.
- */
-#define RESOLVE_REF_READING 0x01
-#define RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE 0x02
-#define RESOLVE_REF_ALLOW_BAD_NAME 0x04
-extern const char *resolve_ref_unsafe(const char *ref, int resolve_flags, unsigned char *sha1, int *flags);
-extern char *resolve_refdup(const char *ref, int resolve_flags, unsigned char *sha1, int *flags);
-
-extern int dwim_ref(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **ref);
-extern int dwim_log(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **ref);
-extern int interpret_branch_name(const char *str, int len, struct strbuf *);
-extern int get_sha1_mb(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1);
-
-/*
- * Return true iff abbrev_name is a possible abbreviation for
- * full_name according to the rules defined by ref_rev_parse_rules in
- * refs.c.
+ * If "allowed" is non-zero, it is a treated as a bitfield of allowable
+ * expansions: local branches ("refs/heads/"), remote branches
+ * ("refs/remotes/"), or "HEAD". If no "allowed" bits are set, any expansion is
+ * allowed, even ones to refs outside of those namespaces.
  */
-extern int refname_match(const char *abbrev_name, const char *full_name);
+#define INTERPRET_BRANCH_LOCAL (1<<0)
+#define INTERPRET_BRANCH_REMOTE (1<<1)
+#define INTERPRET_BRANCH_HEAD (1<<2)
+extern int interpret_branch_name(const char *str, int len, struct strbuf *,
+				 unsigned allowed);
+extern int get_oid_mb(const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
 
-extern int create_symref(const char *ref, const char *refs_heads_master, const char *logmsg);
 extern int validate_headref(const char *ref);
 
 extern int base_name_compare(const char *name1, int len1, int mode1, const char *name2, int len2, int mode2);
@@ -1023,37 +1405,52 @@ extern int df_name_compare(const char *name1, int len1, int mode1, const char *n
 extern int name_compare(const char *name1, size_t len1, const char *name2, size_t len2);
 extern int cache_name_stage_compare(const char *name1, int len1, int stage1, const char *name2, int len2, int stage2);
 
-extern void *read_object_with_reference(const unsigned char *sha1,
+extern void *read_object_with_reference(const struct object_id *oid,
 					const char *required_type,
 					unsigned long *size,
-					unsigned char *sha1_ret);
+					struct object_id *oid_ret);
 
 extern struct object *peel_to_type(const char *name, int namelen,
 				   struct object *o, enum object_type);
 
-enum date_mode {
+enum date_mode_type {
 	DATE_NORMAL = 0,
 	DATE_RELATIVE,
 	DATE_SHORT,
-	DATE_LOCAL,
 	DATE_ISO8601,
 	DATE_ISO8601_STRICT,
 	DATE_RFC2822,
-	DATE_RAW
+	DATE_STRFTIME,
+	DATE_RAW,
+	DATE_UNIX
+};
+
+struct date_mode {
+	enum date_mode_type type;
+	const char *strftime_fmt;
+	int local;
 };
 
-const char *show_date(unsigned long time, int timezone, enum date_mode mode);
-void show_date_relative(unsigned long time, int tz, const struct timeval *now,
+/*
+ * Convenience helper for passing a constant type, like:
+ *
+ *   show_date(t, tz, DATE_MODE(NORMAL));
+ */
+#define DATE_MODE(t) date_mode_from_type(DATE_##t)
+struct date_mode *date_mode_from_type(enum date_mode_type type);
+
+const char *show_date(timestamp_t time, int timezone, const struct date_mode *mode);
+void show_date_relative(timestamp_t time, int tz, const struct timeval *now,
 			struct strbuf *timebuf);
 int parse_date(const char *date, struct strbuf *out);
-int parse_date_basic(const char *date, unsigned long *timestamp, int *offset);
-int parse_expiry_date(const char *date, unsigned long *timestamp);
+int parse_date_basic(const char *date, timestamp_t *timestamp, int *offset);
+int parse_expiry_date(const char *date, timestamp_t *timestamp);
 void datestamp(struct strbuf *out);
 #define approxidate(s) approxidate_careful((s), NULL)
-unsigned long approxidate_careful(const char *, int *);
-unsigned long approxidate_relative(const char *date, const struct timeval *now);
-enum date_mode parse_date_format(const char *format);
-int date_overflows(unsigned long date);
+timestamp_t approxidate_careful(const char *, int *);
+timestamp_t approxidate_relative(const char *date, const struct timeval *now);
+void parse_date_format(const char *format, struct date_mode *mode);
+int date_overflows(timestamp_t date);
 
 #define IDENT_STRICT	       1
 #define IDENT_NO_DATE	       2
@@ -1066,7 +1463,9 @@ extern const char *ident_default_name(void);
 extern const char *ident_default_email(void);
 extern const char *git_editor(void);
 extern const char *git_pager(int stdout_is_tty);
+extern int is_terminal_dumb(void);
 extern int git_ident_config(const char *, const char *, void *);
+extern void reset_ident_date(void);
 
 struct ident_split {
 	const char *name_begin;
@@ -1089,7 +1488,8 @@ extern int split_ident_line(struct ident_split *, const char *, int);
  * the ident_split. It will also sanity-check the values and produce
  * a well-known sentinel date if they appear bogus.
  */
-const char *show_ident_date(const struct ident_split *id, enum date_mode mode);
+const char *show_ident_date(const struct ident_split *id,
+			    const struct date_mode *mode);
 
 /*
  * Compare split idents for equality or strict ordering. Note that we
@@ -1104,14 +1504,18 @@ struct checkout {
 	struct index_state *istate;
 	const char *base_dir;
 	int base_dir_len;
+	struct delayed_checkout *delayed_checkout;
 	unsigned force:1,
 		 quiet:1,
 		 not_new:1,
 		 refresh_cache:1;
 };
+#define CHECKOUT_INIT { NULL, "" }
 
 #define TEMPORARY_FILENAME_LENGTH 25
 extern int checkout_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, const struct checkout *state, char *topath);
+extern void enable_delayed_checkout(struct checkout *state);
+extern int finish_delayed_checkout(struct checkout *state);
 
 struct cache_def {
 	struct strbuf path;
@@ -1132,17 +1536,6 @@ extern int has_dirs_only_path(const char *name, int len, int prefix_len);
 extern void schedule_dir_for_removal(const char *name, int len);
 extern void remove_scheduled_dirs(void);
 
-extern struct alternate_object_database {
-	struct alternate_object_database *next;
-	char *name;
-	char base[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
-} *alt_odb_list;
-extern void prepare_alt_odb(void);
-extern void read_info_alternates(const char * relative_base, int depth);
-extern void add_to_alternates_file(const char *reference);
-typedef int alt_odb_fn(struct alternate_object_database *, void *);
-extern int foreach_alt_odb(alt_odb_fn, void*);
-
 struct pack_window {
 	struct pack_window *next;
 	unsigned char *base;
@@ -1152,325 +1545,46 @@ struct pack_window {
 	unsigned int inuse_cnt;
 };
 
-extern struct packed_git {
-	struct packed_git *next;
-	struct pack_window *windows;
-	off_t pack_size;
-	const void *index_data;
-	size_t index_size;
-	uint32_t num_objects;
-	uint32_t num_bad_objects;
-	unsigned char *bad_object_sha1;
-	int index_version;
-	time_t mtime;
-	int pack_fd;
-	unsigned pack_local:1,
-		 pack_keep:1,
-		 do_not_close:1;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	/* something like ".git/objects/pack/xxxxx.pack" */
-	char pack_name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
-} *packed_git;
-
 struct pack_entry {
 	off_t offset;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	struct packed_git *p;
 };
 
-extern struct packed_git *parse_pack_index(unsigned char *sha1, const char *idx_path);
-
-/* A hook for count-objects to report invalid files in pack directory */
-extern void (*report_garbage)(const char *desc, const char *path);
-
-extern void prepare_packed_git(void);
-extern void reprepare_packed_git(void);
-extern void install_packed_git(struct packed_git *pack);
-
-extern struct packed_git *find_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1,
-					 struct packed_git *packs);
-
-extern void pack_report(void);
-
-/*
- * mmap the index file for the specified packfile (if it is not
- * already mmapped).  Return 0 on success.
- */
-extern int open_pack_index(struct packed_git *);
-
 /*
- * munmap the index file for the specified packfile (if it is
- * currently mmapped).
+ * Create a temporary file rooted in the object database directory, or
+ * die on failure. The filename is taken from "pattern", which should have the
+ * usual "XXXXXX" trailer, and the resulting filename is written into the
+ * "template" buffer. Returns the open descriptor.
  */
-extern void close_pack_index(struct packed_git *);
-
-extern unsigned char *use_pack(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t, unsigned long *);
-extern void close_pack_windows(struct packed_git *);
-extern void unuse_pack(struct pack_window **);
-extern void free_pack_by_name(const char *);
-extern void clear_delta_base_cache(void);
-extern struct packed_git *add_packed_git(const char *, int, int);
+extern int odb_mkstemp(struct strbuf *temp_filename, const char *pattern);
 
 /*
- * Return the SHA-1 of the nth object within the specified packfile.
- * Open the index if it is not already open.  The return value points
- * at the SHA-1 within the mmapped index.  Return NULL if there is an
+ * Create a pack .keep file named "name" (which should generally be the output
+ * of odb_pack_name). Returns a file descriptor opened for writing, or -1 on
  * error.
  */
-extern const unsigned char *nth_packed_object_sha1(struct packed_git *, uint32_t n);
+extern int odb_pack_keep(const char *name);
 
 /*
- * Return the offset of the nth object within the specified packfile.
- * The index must already be opened.
- */
-extern off_t nth_packed_object_offset(const struct packed_git *, uint32_t n);
-
-/*
- * If the object named sha1 is present in the specified packfile,
- * return its offset within the packfile; otherwise, return 0.
- */
-extern off_t find_pack_entry_one(const unsigned char *sha1, struct packed_git *);
-
-extern int is_pack_valid(struct packed_git *);
-extern void *unpack_entry(struct packed_git *, off_t, enum object_type *, unsigned long *);
-extern unsigned long unpack_object_header_buffer(const unsigned char *buf, unsigned long len, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *sizep);
-extern unsigned long get_size_from_delta(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t);
-extern int unpack_object_header(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t *, unsigned long *);
-
-/*
- * Iterate over the files in the loose-object parts of the object
- * directory "path", triggering the following callbacks:
- *
- *  - loose_object is called for each loose object we find.
- *
- *  - loose_cruft is called for any files that do not appear to be
- *    loose objects. Note that we only look in the loose object
- *    directories "objects/[0-9a-f]{2}/", so we will not report
- *    "objects/foobar" as cruft.
- *
- *  - loose_subdir is called for each top-level hashed subdirectory
- *    of the object directory (e.g., "$OBJDIR/f0"). It is called
- *    after the objects in the directory are processed.
+ * Set this to 0 to prevent sha1_object_info_extended() from fetching missing
+ * blobs. This has a difference only if extensions.partialClone is set.
  *
- * Any callback that is NULL will be ignored. Callbacks returning non-zero
- * will end the iteration.
- *
- * In the "buf" variant, "path" is a strbuf which will also be used as a
- * scratch buffer, but restored to its original contents before
- * the function returns.
- */
-typedef int each_loose_object_fn(const unsigned char *sha1,
-				 const char *path,
-				 void *data);
-typedef int each_loose_cruft_fn(const char *basename,
-				const char *path,
-				void *data);
-typedef int each_loose_subdir_fn(int nr,
-				 const char *path,
-				 void *data);
-int for_each_loose_file_in_objdir(const char *path,
-				  each_loose_object_fn obj_cb,
-				  each_loose_cruft_fn cruft_cb,
-				  each_loose_subdir_fn subdir_cb,
-				  void *data);
-int for_each_loose_file_in_objdir_buf(struct strbuf *path,
-				      each_loose_object_fn obj_cb,
-				      each_loose_cruft_fn cruft_cb,
-				      each_loose_subdir_fn subdir_cb,
-				      void *data);
-
-/*
- * Iterate over loose and packed objects in both the local
- * repository and any alternates repositories.
- */
-typedef int each_packed_object_fn(const unsigned char *sha1,
-				  struct packed_git *pack,
-				  uint32_t pos,
-				  void *data);
-extern int for_each_loose_object(each_loose_object_fn, void *);
-extern int for_each_packed_object(each_packed_object_fn, void *);
-
-struct object_info {
-	/* Request */
-	enum object_type *typep;
-	unsigned long *sizep;
-	unsigned long *disk_sizep;
-	unsigned char *delta_base_sha1;
-
-	/* Response */
-	enum {
-		OI_CACHED,
-		OI_LOOSE,
-		OI_PACKED,
-		OI_DBCACHED
-	} whence;
-	union {
-		/*
-		 * struct {
-		 * 	... Nothing to expose in this case
-		 * } cached;
-		 * struct {
-		 * 	... Nothing to expose in this case
-		 * } loose;
-		 */
-		struct {
-			struct packed_git *pack;
-			off_t offset;
-			unsigned int is_delta;
-		} packed;
-	} u;
-};
-extern int sha1_object_info_extended(const unsigned char *, struct object_info *, unsigned flags);
+ * Its default value is 1.
+ */
+extern int fetch_if_missing;
 
 /* Dumb servers support */
 extern int update_server_info(int);
 
-/* git_config_parse_key() returns these negated: */
-#define CONFIG_INVALID_KEY 1
-#define CONFIG_NO_SECTION_OR_NAME 2
-/* git_config_set(), git_config_set_multivar() return the above or these: */
-#define CONFIG_NO_LOCK -1
-#define CONFIG_INVALID_FILE 3
-#define CONFIG_NO_WRITE 4
-#define CONFIG_NOTHING_SET 5
-#define CONFIG_INVALID_PATTERN 6
-#define CONFIG_GENERIC_ERROR 7
-
-#define CONFIG_REGEX_NONE ((void *)1)
-
-struct git_config_source {
-	unsigned int use_stdin:1;
-	const char *file;
-	const char *blob;
-};
-
-typedef int (*config_fn_t)(const char *, const char *, void *);
-extern int git_default_config(const char *, const char *, void *);
-extern int git_config_from_file(config_fn_t fn, const char *, void *);
-extern int git_config_from_buf(config_fn_t fn, const char *name,
-			       const char *buf, size_t len, void *data);
-extern void git_config_push_parameter(const char *text);
-extern int git_config_from_parameters(config_fn_t fn, void *data);
-extern void git_config(config_fn_t fn, void *);
-extern int git_config_with_options(config_fn_t fn, void *,
-				   struct git_config_source *config_source,
-				   int respect_includes);
-extern int git_config_early(config_fn_t fn, void *, const char *repo_config);
-extern int git_parse_ulong(const char *, unsigned long *);
-extern int git_config_int(const char *, const char *);
-extern int64_t git_config_int64(const char *, const char *);
-extern unsigned long git_config_ulong(const char *, const char *);
-extern int git_config_bool_or_int(const char *, const char *, int *);
-extern int git_config_bool(const char *, const char *);
-extern int git_config_maybe_bool(const char *, const char *);
-extern int git_config_string(const char **, const char *, const char *);
-extern int git_config_pathname(const char **, const char *, const char *);
-extern int git_config_set_in_file(const char *, const char *, const char *);
-extern int git_config_set(const char *, const char *);
-extern int git_config_parse_key(const char *, char **, int *);
-extern int git_config_set_multivar(const char *, const char *, const char *, int);
-extern int git_config_set_multivar_in_file(const char *, const char *, const char *, const char *, int);
-extern int git_config_rename_section(const char *, const char *);
-extern int git_config_rename_section_in_file(const char *, const char *, const char *);
-extern const char *git_etc_gitconfig(void);
-extern int check_repository_format_version(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
-extern int git_env_bool(const char *, int);
-extern unsigned long git_env_ulong(const char *, unsigned long);
-extern int git_config_system(void);
-extern int config_error_nonbool(const char *);
-#if defined(__GNUC__)
-#define config_error_nonbool(s) (config_error_nonbool(s), const_error())
-#endif
 extern const char *get_log_output_encoding(void);
 extern const char *get_commit_output_encoding(void);
 
-extern int git_config_parse_parameter(const char *, config_fn_t fn, void *data);
-
-struct config_include_data {
-	int depth;
-	config_fn_t fn;
-	void *data;
-};
-#define CONFIG_INCLUDE_INIT { 0 }
-extern int git_config_include(const char *name, const char *value, void *data);
-
 /*
- * Match and parse a config key of the form:
- *
- *   section.(subsection.)?key
- *
- * (i.e., what gets handed to a config_fn_t). The caller provides the section;
- * we return -1 if it does not match, 0 otherwise. The subsection and key
- * out-parameters are filled by the function (and subsection is NULL if it is
- * missing).
+ * This is a hack for test programs like test-dump-untracked-cache to
+ * ensure that they do not modify the untracked cache when reading it.
+ * Do not use it otherwise!
  */
-extern int parse_config_key(const char *var,
-			    const char *section,
-			    const char **subsection, int *subsection_len,
-			    const char **key);
-
-struct config_set_element {
-	struct hashmap_entry ent;
-	char *key;
-	struct string_list value_list;
-};
-
-struct configset_list_item {
-	struct config_set_element *e;
-	int value_index;
-};
-
-/*
- * the contents of the list are ordered according to their
- * position in the config files and order of parsing the files.
- * (i.e. key-value pair at the last position of .git/config will
- * be at the last item of the list)
- */
-struct configset_list {
-	struct configset_list_item *items;
-	unsigned int nr, alloc;
-};
-
-struct config_set {
-	struct hashmap config_hash;
-	int hash_initialized;
-	struct configset_list list;
-};
-
-extern void git_configset_init(struct config_set *cs);
-extern int git_configset_add_file(struct config_set *cs, const char *filename);
-extern int git_configset_get_value(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, const char **value);
-extern const struct string_list *git_configset_get_value_multi(struct config_set *cs, const char *key);
-extern void git_configset_clear(struct config_set *cs);
-extern int git_configset_get_string_const(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, const char **dest);
-extern int git_configset_get_string(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, char **dest);
-extern int git_configset_get_int(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, int *dest);
-extern int git_configset_get_ulong(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, unsigned long *dest);
-extern int git_configset_get_bool(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, int *dest);
-extern int git_configset_get_bool_or_int(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, int *is_bool, int *dest);
-extern int git_configset_get_maybe_bool(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, int *dest);
-extern int git_configset_get_pathname(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, const char **dest);
-
-extern int git_config_get_value(const char *key, const char **value);
-extern const struct string_list *git_config_get_value_multi(const char *key);
-extern void git_config_clear(void);
-extern void git_config_iter(config_fn_t fn, void *data);
-extern int git_config_get_string_const(const char *key, const char **dest);
-extern int git_config_get_string(const char *key, char **dest);
-extern int git_config_get_int(const char *key, int *dest);
-extern int git_config_get_ulong(const char *key, unsigned long *dest);
-extern int git_config_get_bool(const char *key, int *dest);
-extern int git_config_get_bool_or_int(const char *key, int *is_bool, int *dest);
-extern int git_config_get_maybe_bool(const char *key, int *dest);
-extern int git_config_get_pathname(const char *key, const char **dest);
-
-struct key_value_info {
-	const char *filename;
-	int linenr;
-};
-
-extern NORETURN void git_die_config(const char *key, const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format(printf, 2, 3)));
-extern NORETURN void git_die_config_linenr(const char *key, const char *filename, int linenr);
+extern int ignore_untracked_cache_config;
 
 extern int committer_ident_sufficiently_given(void);
 extern int author_ident_sufficiently_given(void);
@@ -1484,12 +1598,14 @@ extern const char *git_mailmap_blob;
 extern void maybe_flush_or_die(FILE *, const char *);
 __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)))
 extern void fprintf_or_die(FILE *, const char *fmt, ...);
+
+#define COPY_READ_ERROR (-2)
+#define COPY_WRITE_ERROR (-3)
 extern int copy_fd(int ifd, int ofd);
 extern int copy_file(const char *dst, const char *src, int mode);
 extern int copy_file_with_time(const char *dst, const char *src, int mode);
+
 extern void write_or_die(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count);
-extern int write_or_whine(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count, const char *msg);
-extern int write_or_whine_pipe(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count, const char *msg);
 extern void fsync_or_die(int fd, const char *);
 
 extern ssize_t read_in_full(int fd, void *buf, size_t count);
@@ -1501,14 +1617,30 @@ static inline ssize_t write_str_in_full(int fd, const char *str)
 	return write_in_full(fd, str, strlen(str));
 }
 
+/**
+ * Open (and truncate) the file at path, write the contents of buf to it,
+ * and close it. Dies if any errors are encountered.
+ */
+extern void write_file_buf(const char *path, const char *buf, size_t len);
+
+/**
+ * Like write_file_buf(), but format the contents into a buffer first.
+ * Additionally, write_file() will append a newline if one is not already
+ * present, making it convenient to write text files:
+ *
+ *   write_file(path, "counter: %d", ctr);
+ */
+__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)))
+extern void write_file(const char *path, const char *fmt, ...);
+
 /* pager.c */
 extern void setup_pager(void);
-extern const char *pager_program;
 extern int pager_in_use(void);
 extern int pager_use_color;
 extern int term_columns(void);
 extern int decimal_width(uintmax_t);
 extern int check_pager_config(const char *cmd);
+extern void prepare_pager_args(struct child_process *, const char *pager);
 
 extern const char *editor_program;
 extern const char *askpass_program;
@@ -1518,15 +1650,6 @@ extern const char *excludes_file;
 int decode_85(char *dst, const char *line, int linelen);
 void encode_85(char *buf, const unsigned char *data, int bytes);
 
-/* alloc.c */
-extern void *alloc_blob_node(void);
-extern void *alloc_tree_node(void);
-extern void *alloc_commit_node(void);
-extern void *alloc_tag_node(void);
-extern void *alloc_object_node(void);
-extern void alloc_report(void);
-extern unsigned int alloc_commit_index(void);
-
 /* pkt-line.c */
 void packet_trace_identity(const char *prog);
 
@@ -1541,8 +1664,8 @@ int add_files_to_cache(const char *prefix, const struct pathspec *pathspec, int
 extern int diff_auto_refresh_index;
 
 /* match-trees.c */
-void shift_tree(const unsigned char *, const unsigned char *, unsigned char *, int);
-void shift_tree_by(const unsigned char *, const unsigned char *, unsigned char *, const char *);
+void shift_tree(const struct object_id *, const struct object_id *, struct object_id *, int);
+void shift_tree_by(const struct object_id *, const struct object_id *, struct object_id *, const char *);
 
 /*
  * whitespace rules.
@@ -1558,6 +1681,8 @@ void shift_tree_by(const unsigned char *, const unsigned char *, unsigned char *
 #define WS_TRAILING_SPACE      (WS_BLANK_AT_EOL|WS_BLANK_AT_EOF)
 #define WS_DEFAULT_RULE (WS_TRAILING_SPACE|WS_SPACE_BEFORE_TAB|8)
 #define WS_TAB_WIDTH_MASK        077
+/* All WS_* -- when extended, adapt diff.c emit_symbol */
+#define WS_RULE_MASK           07777
 extern unsigned whitespace_rule_cfg;
 extern unsigned whitespace_rule(const char *);
 extern unsigned parse_whitespace_rule(const char *);
@@ -1569,15 +1694,10 @@ extern int ws_blank_line(const char *line, int len, unsigned ws_rule);
 #define ws_tab_width(rule)     ((rule) & WS_TAB_WIDTH_MASK)
 
 /* ls-files */
-int report_path_error(const char *ps_matched, const struct pathspec *pathspec, const char *prefix);
-void overlay_tree_on_cache(const char *tree_name, const char *prefix);
-
-char *alias_lookup(const char *alias);
-int split_cmdline(char *cmdline, const char ***argv);
-/* Takes a negative value returned by split_cmdline */
-const char *split_cmdline_strerror(int cmdline_errno);
+void overlay_tree_on_index(struct index_state *istate,
+			   const char *tree_name, const char *prefix);
 
-/* git.c */
+/* setup.c */
 struct startup_info {
 	int have_repository;
 	const char *prefix;
@@ -1589,8 +1709,8 @@ struct commit_list;
 int try_merge_command(const char *strategy, size_t xopts_nr,
 		const char **xopts, struct commit_list *common,
 		const char *head_arg, struct commit_list *remotes);
-int checkout_fast_forward(const unsigned char *from,
-			  const unsigned char *to,
+int checkout_fast_forward(const struct object_id *from,
+			  const struct object_id *to,
 			  int overwrite_ignore);
 
 
@@ -1624,5 +1744,20 @@ int stat_validity_check(struct stat_validity *sv, const char *path);
 void stat_validity_update(struct stat_validity *sv, int fd);
 
 int versioncmp(const char *s1, const char *s2);
+void sleep_millisec(int millisec);
+
+/*
+ * Create a directory and (if share is nonzero) adjust its permissions
+ * according to the shared_repository setting. Only use this for
+ * directories under $GIT_DIR.  Don't use it for working tree
+ * directories.
+ */
+void safe_create_dir(const char *dir, int share);
+
+/*
+ * Should we print an ellipsis after an abbreviated SHA-1 value
+ * when doing diff-raw output or indicating a detached HEAD?
+ */
+extern int print_sha1_ellipsis(void);
 
 #endif /* CACHE_H */
diff --git a/chdir-notify.c b/chdir-notify.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5f7f2c2ac2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chdir-notify.c
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "chdir-notify.h"
+#include "list.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+struct chdir_notify_entry {
+	const char *name;
+	chdir_notify_callback cb;
+	void *data;
+	struct list_head list;
+};
+static LIST_HEAD(chdir_notify_entries);
+
+void chdir_notify_register(const char *name,
+			   chdir_notify_callback cb,
+			   void *data)
+{
+	struct chdir_notify_entry *e = xmalloc(sizeof(*e));
+	e->name = name;
+	e->cb = cb;
+	e->data = data;
+	list_add_tail(&e->list, &chdir_notify_entries);
+}
+
+static void reparent_cb(const char *name,
+			const char *old_cwd,
+			const char *new_cwd,
+			void *data)
+{
+	char **path = data;
+	char *tmp = *path;
+
+	if (!tmp)
+		return;
+
+	*path = reparent_relative_path(old_cwd, new_cwd, tmp);
+	free(tmp);
+
+	if (name) {
+		trace_printf_key(&trace_setup_key,
+				 "setup: reparent %s to '%s'",
+				 name, *path);
+	}
+}
+
+void chdir_notify_reparent(const char *name, char **path)
+{
+	chdir_notify_register(name, reparent_cb, path);
+}
+
+int chdir_notify(const char *new_cwd)
+{
+	struct strbuf old_cwd = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct list_head *pos;
+
+	if (strbuf_getcwd(&old_cwd) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	if (chdir(new_cwd) < 0) {
+		int saved_errno = errno;
+		strbuf_release(&old_cwd);
+		errno = saved_errno;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	trace_printf_key(&trace_setup_key,
+			 "setup: chdir from '%s' to '%s'",
+			 old_cwd.buf, new_cwd);
+
+	list_for_each(pos, &chdir_notify_entries) {
+		struct chdir_notify_entry *e =
+			list_entry(pos, struct chdir_notify_entry, list);
+		e->cb(e->name, old_cwd.buf, new_cwd, e->data);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&old_cwd);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+char *reparent_relative_path(const char *old_cwd,
+			     const char *new_cwd,
+			     const char *path)
+{
+	char *ret, *full;
+
+	if (is_absolute_path(path))
+		return xstrdup(path);
+
+	full = xstrfmt("%s/%s", old_cwd, path);
+	ret = xstrdup(remove_leading_path(full, new_cwd));
+	free(full);
+
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/chdir-notify.h b/chdir-notify.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..366e4c1ee9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chdir-notify.h
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#ifndef CHDIR_NOTIFY_H
+#define CHDIR_NOTIFY_H
+
+/*
+ * An API to let code "subscribe" to changes to the current working directory.
+ * The general idea is that some code asks to be notified when the working
+ * directory changes, and other code that calls chdir uses a special wrapper
+ * that notifies everyone.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Callers who need to know about changes can do:
+ *
+ *   void foo(const char *old_path, const char *new_path, void *data)
+ *   {
+ *	warning("switched from %s to %s!", old_path, new_path);
+ *   }
+ *   ...
+ *   chdir_notify_register("description", foo, data);
+ *
+ * In practice most callers will want to move a relative path to the new root;
+ * they can use the reparent_relative_path() helper for that. If that's all
+ * you're doing, you can also use the convenience function:
+ *
+ *   chdir_notify_reparent("description", &my_path);
+ *
+ * Whenever a chdir event occurs, that will update my_path (if it's relative)
+ * to adjust for the new cwd by freeing any existing string and allocating a
+ * new one.
+ *
+ * Registered functions are called in the order in which they were added. Note
+ * that there's currently no way to remove a function, so make sure that the
+ * data parameter remains valid for the rest of the program.
+ *
+ * The "name" argument is used only for printing trace output from
+ * $GIT_TRACE_SETUP. It may be NULL, but if non-NULL should point to
+ * storage which lasts as long as the registration is active.
+ */
+typedef void (*chdir_notify_callback)(const char *name,
+				      const char *old_cwd,
+				      const char *new_cwd,
+				      void *data);
+void chdir_notify_register(const char *name, chdir_notify_callback cb, void *data);
+void chdir_notify_reparent(const char *name, char **path);
+
+/*
+ *
+ * Callers that want to chdir:
+ *
+ *   chdir_notify(new_path);
+ *
+ * to switch to the new path and notify any callbacks.
+ *
+ * Note that you don't need to chdir_notify() if you're just temporarily moving
+ * to a directory and back, as long as you don't call any subscribed code in
+ * between (but it should be safe to do so if you're unsure).
+ */
+int chdir_notify(const char *new_cwd);
+
+/*
+ * Reparent a relative path from old_root to new_root. For example:
+ *
+ *   reparent_relative_path("/a", "/a/b", "b/rel");
+ *
+ * would return the (newly allocated) string "rel". Note that we may return an
+ * absolute path in some cases (e.g., if the resulting path is not inside
+ * new_cwd).
+ */
+char *reparent_relative_path(const char *old_cwd,
+			     const char *new_cwd,
+			     const char *path);
+
+#endif /* CHDIR_NOTIFY_H */
diff --git a/check-racy.c b/check-racy.c
index 00d92a1663..24b6542352 100644
--- a/check-racy.c
+++ b/check-racy.c
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ int main(int ac, char **av)
 		struct stat st;
 
 		if (lstat(ce->name, &st)) {
-			error("lstat(%s): %s", ce->name, strerror(errno));
+			error_errno("lstat(%s)", ce->name);
 			continue;
 		}
 
diff --git a/checkout.c b/checkout.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c72e9f9773
--- /dev/null
+++ b/checkout.c
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "refspec.h"
+#include "checkout.h"
+#include "config.h"
+
+struct tracking_name_data {
+	/* const */ char *src_ref;
+	char *dst_ref;
+	struct object_id *dst_oid;
+	int num_matches;
+	const char *default_remote;
+	char *default_dst_ref;
+	struct object_id *default_dst_oid;
+};
+
+#define TRACKING_NAME_DATA_INIT { NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL }
+
+static int check_tracking_name(struct remote *remote, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct tracking_name_data *cb = cb_data;
+	struct refspec_item query;
+	memset(&query, 0, sizeof(struct refspec_item));
+	query.src = cb->src_ref;
+	if (remote_find_tracking(remote, &query) ||
+	    get_oid(query.dst, cb->dst_oid)) {
+		free(query.dst);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	cb->num_matches++;
+	if (cb->default_remote && !strcmp(remote->name, cb->default_remote)) {
+		struct object_id *dst = xmalloc(sizeof(*cb->default_dst_oid));
+		cb->default_dst_ref = xstrdup(query.dst);
+		oidcpy(dst, cb->dst_oid);
+		cb->default_dst_oid = dst;
+	}
+	if (cb->dst_ref) {
+		free(query.dst);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	cb->dst_ref = query.dst;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+const char *unique_tracking_name(const char *name, struct object_id *oid,
+				 int *dwim_remotes_matched)
+{
+	struct tracking_name_data cb_data = TRACKING_NAME_DATA_INIT;
+	const char *default_remote = NULL;
+	if (!git_config_get_string_const("checkout.defaultremote", &default_remote))
+		cb_data.default_remote = default_remote;
+	cb_data.src_ref = xstrfmt("refs/heads/%s", name);
+	cb_data.dst_oid = oid;
+	for_each_remote(check_tracking_name, &cb_data);
+	if (dwim_remotes_matched)
+		*dwim_remotes_matched = cb_data.num_matches;
+	free(cb_data.src_ref);
+	free((char *)default_remote);
+	if (cb_data.num_matches == 1) {
+		free(cb_data.default_dst_ref);
+		free(cb_data.default_dst_oid);
+		return cb_data.dst_ref;
+	}
+	free(cb_data.dst_ref);
+	if (cb_data.default_dst_ref) {
+		oidcpy(oid, cb_data.default_dst_oid);
+		free(cb_data.default_dst_oid);
+		return cb_data.default_dst_ref;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
diff --git a/checkout.h b/checkout.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6b2073310c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/checkout.h
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#ifndef CHECKOUT_H
+#define CHECKOUT_H
+
+#include "cache.h"
+
+/*
+ * Check if the branch name uniquely matches a branch name on a remote
+ * tracking branch.  Return the name of the remote if such a branch
+ * exists, NULL otherwise.
+ */
+extern const char *unique_tracking_name(const char *name,
+					struct object_id *oid,
+					int *dwim_remotes_matched);
+
+#endif /* CHECKOUT_H */
diff --git a/ci/install-dependencies.sh b/ci/install-dependencies.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..75a9fd2475
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/install-dependencies.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#
+# Install dependencies required to build and test Git on Linux and macOS
+#
+
+. ${0%/*}/lib-travisci.sh
+
+P4WHENCE=http://filehost.perforce.com/perforce/r$LINUX_P4_VERSION
+LFSWHENCE=https://github.com/github/git-lfs/releases/download/v$LINUX_GIT_LFS_VERSION
+
+case "$jobname" in
+linux-clang|linux-gcc)
+	mkdir --parents "$P4_PATH"
+	pushd "$P4_PATH"
+		wget --quiet "$P4WHENCE/bin.linux26x86_64/p4d"
+		wget --quiet "$P4WHENCE/bin.linux26x86_64/p4"
+		chmod u+x p4d
+		chmod u+x p4
+	popd
+	mkdir --parents "$GIT_LFS_PATH"
+	pushd "$GIT_LFS_PATH"
+		wget --quiet "$LFSWHENCE/git-lfs-linux-amd64-$LINUX_GIT_LFS_VERSION.tar.gz"
+		tar --extract --gunzip --file "git-lfs-linux-amd64-$LINUX_GIT_LFS_VERSION.tar.gz"
+		cp git-lfs-$LINUX_GIT_LFS_VERSION/git-lfs .
+	popd
+	;;
+osx-clang|osx-gcc)
+	brew update --quiet
+	# Uncomment this if you want to run perf tests:
+	# brew install gnu-time
+	brew install git-lfs gettext
+	brew link --force gettext
+	brew install caskroom/cask/perforce
+	;;
+esac
+
+echo "$(tput setaf 6)Perforce Server Version$(tput sgr0)"
+p4d -V | grep Rev.
+echo "$(tput setaf 6)Perforce Client Version$(tput sgr0)"
+p4 -V | grep Rev.
+echo "$(tput setaf 6)Git-LFS Version$(tput sgr0)"
+git-lfs version
diff --git a/ci/lib-travisci.sh b/ci/lib-travisci.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..06970f7213
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/lib-travisci.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+# Library of functions shared by all CI scripts
+
+skip_branch_tip_with_tag () {
+	# Sometimes, a branch is pushed at the same time the tag that points
+	# at the same commit as the tip of the branch is pushed, and building
+	# both at the same time is a waste.
+	#
+	# Travis gives a tagname e.g. v2.14.0 in $TRAVIS_BRANCH when
+	# the build is triggered by a push to a tag.  Let's see if
+	# $TRAVIS_BRANCH is exactly at a tag, and if so, if it is
+	# different from $TRAVIS_BRANCH.  That way, we can tell if
+	# we are building the tip of a branch that is tagged and
+	# we can skip the build because we won't be skipping a build
+	# of a tag.
+
+	if TAG=$(git describe --exact-match "$TRAVIS_BRANCH" 2>/dev/null) &&
+		test "$TAG" != "$TRAVIS_BRANCH"
+	then
+		echo "$(tput setaf 2)Tip of $TRAVIS_BRANCH is exactly at $TAG$(tput sgr0)"
+		exit 0
+	fi
+}
+
+# Save some info about the current commit's tree, so we can skip the build
+# job if we encounter the same tree again and can provide a useful info
+# message.
+save_good_tree () {
+	echo "$(git rev-parse $TRAVIS_COMMIT^{tree}) $TRAVIS_COMMIT $TRAVIS_JOB_NUMBER $TRAVIS_JOB_ID" >>"$good_trees_file"
+	# limit the file size
+	tail -1000 "$good_trees_file" >"$good_trees_file".tmp
+	mv "$good_trees_file".tmp "$good_trees_file"
+}
+
+# Skip the build job if the same tree has already been built and tested
+# successfully before (e.g. because the branch got rebased, changing only
+# the commit messages).
+skip_good_tree () {
+	if ! good_tree_info="$(grep "^$(git rev-parse $TRAVIS_COMMIT^{tree}) " "$good_trees_file")"
+	then
+		# Haven't seen this tree yet, or no cached good trees file yet.
+		# Continue the build job.
+		return
+	fi
+
+	echo "$good_tree_info" | {
+		read tree prev_good_commit prev_good_job_number prev_good_job_id
+
+		if test "$TRAVIS_JOB_ID" = "$prev_good_job_id"
+		then
+			cat <<-EOF
+			$(tput setaf 2)Skipping build job for commit $TRAVIS_COMMIT.$(tput sgr0)
+			This commit has already been built and tested successfully by this build job.
+			To force a re-build delete the branch's cache and then hit 'Restart job'.
+			EOF
+		else
+			cat <<-EOF
+			$(tput setaf 2)Skipping build job for commit $TRAVIS_COMMIT.$(tput sgr0)
+			This commit's tree has already been built and tested successfully in build job $prev_good_job_number for commit $prev_good_commit.
+			The log of that build job is available at https://travis-ci.org/$TRAVIS_REPO_SLUG/jobs/$prev_good_job_id
+			To force a re-build delete the branch's cache and then hit 'Restart job'.
+			EOF
+		fi
+	}
+
+	exit 0
+}
+
+check_unignored_build_artifacts ()
+{
+	! git ls-files --other --exclude-standard --error-unmatch \
+		-- ':/*' 2>/dev/null ||
+	{
+		echo "$(tput setaf 1)error: found unignored build artifacts$(tput sgr0)"
+		false
+	}
+}
+
+# Set 'exit on error' for all CI scripts to let the caller know that
+# something went wrong.
+# Set tracing executed commands, primarily setting environment variables
+# and installing dependencies.
+set -ex
+
+cache_dir="$HOME/travis-cache"
+good_trees_file="$cache_dir/good-trees"
+
+mkdir -p "$cache_dir"
+
+skip_branch_tip_with_tag
+skip_good_tree
+
+if test -z "$jobname"
+then
+	jobname="$TRAVIS_OS_NAME-$CC"
+fi
+
+export DEVELOPER=1
+export DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET=prove
+export GIT_PROVE_OPTS="--timer --jobs 3 --state=failed,slow,save"
+export GIT_TEST_OPTS="--verbose-log -x --immediate"
+export GIT_TEST_CLONE_2GB=YesPlease
+if [ "$jobname" = linux-gcc ]; then
+	export CC=gcc-8
+fi
+
+case "$jobname" in
+linux-clang|linux-gcc)
+	export GIT_TEST_HTTPD=YesPlease
+
+	# The Linux build installs the defined dependency versions below.
+	# The OS X build installs the latest available versions. Keep that
+	# in mind when you encounter a broken OS X build!
+	export LINUX_P4_VERSION="16.2"
+	export LINUX_GIT_LFS_VERSION="1.5.2"
+
+	P4_PATH="$HOME/custom/p4"
+	GIT_LFS_PATH="$HOME/custom/git-lfs"
+	export PATH="$GIT_LFS_PATH:$P4_PATH:$PATH"
+	;;
+osx-clang|osx-gcc)
+	# t9810 occasionally fails on Travis CI OS X
+	# t9816 occasionally fails with "TAP out of sequence errors" on
+	# Travis CI OS X
+	export GIT_SKIP_TESTS="t9810 t9816"
+	;;
+GETTEXT_POISON)
+	export GETTEXT_POISON=YesPlease
+	;;
+esac
diff --git a/ci/print-test-failures.sh b/ci/print-test-failures.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d55460a212
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/print-test-failures.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Print output of failing tests
+#
+
+. ${0%/*}/lib-travisci.sh
+
+# Tracing executed commands would produce too much noise in the loop below.
+set +x
+
+cd t/
+
+if ! ls test-results/*.exit >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
+then
+	echo "Build job failed before the tests could have been run"
+	exit
+fi
+
+case "$jobname" in
+osx-clang|osx-gcc)
+	# base64 in OSX doesn't wrap its output at 76 columns by
+	# default, but prints a single, very long line.
+	base64_opts="-b 76"
+	;;
+esac
+
+combined_trash_size=0
+for TEST_EXIT in test-results/*.exit
+do
+	if [ "$(cat "$TEST_EXIT")" != "0" ]
+	then
+		TEST_OUT="${TEST_EXIT%exit}out"
+		echo "------------------------------------------------------------------------"
+		echo "$(tput setaf 1)${TEST_OUT}...$(tput sgr0)"
+		echo "------------------------------------------------------------------------"
+		cat "${TEST_OUT}"
+
+		test_name="${TEST_EXIT%.exit}"
+		test_name="${test_name##*/}"
+		trash_dir="trash directory.$test_name"
+		trash_tgz_b64="trash.$test_name.base64"
+		if [ -d "$trash_dir" ]
+		then
+			tar czp "$trash_dir" |base64 $base64_opts >"$trash_tgz_b64"
+
+			trash_size=$(wc -c <"$trash_tgz_b64")
+			if [ $trash_size -gt 1048576 ]
+			then
+				# larger than 1MB
+				echo "$(tput setaf 1)Didn't include the trash directory of '$test_name' in the trace log, it's too big$(tput sgr0)"
+				continue
+			fi
+
+			new_combined_trash_size=$(($combined_trash_size + $trash_size))
+			if [ $new_combined_trash_size -gt 1048576 ]
+			then
+				echo "$(tput setaf 1)Didn't include the trash directory of '$test_name' in the trace log, there is plenty of trash in there already.$(tput sgr0)"
+				continue
+			fi
+			combined_trash_size=$new_combined_trash_size
+
+			# DO NOT modify these two 'echo'-ed strings below
+			# without updating 'ci/util/extract-trash-dirs.sh'
+			# as well.
+			echo "$(tput setaf 1)Start of trash directory of '$test_name':$(tput sgr0)"
+			cat "$trash_tgz_b64"
+			echo "$(tput setaf 1)End of trash directory of '$test_name'$(tput sgr0)"
+		fi
+	fi
+done
+
+if [ $combined_trash_size -gt 0 ]
+then
+	echo "------------------------------------------------------------------------"
+	echo "Trash directories embedded in this log can be extracted by running:"
+	echo
+	echo "  curl https://api.travis-ci.org/v3/job/$TRAVIS_JOB_ID/log.txt |./ci/util/extract-trash-dirs.sh"
+fi
diff --git a/ci/run-build-and-tests.sh b/ci/run-build-and-tests.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2a5bff4a1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/run-build-and-tests.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Build and test Git
+#
+
+. ${0%/*}/lib-travisci.sh
+
+ln -s "$cache_dir/.prove" t/.prove
+
+make --jobs=2
+make --quiet test
+if test "$jobname" = "linux-gcc"
+then
+	export GIT_TEST_SPLIT_INDEX=yes
+	export GIT_TEST_FULL_IN_PACK_ARRAY=true
+	export GIT_TEST_OE_SIZE=10
+	export GIT_TEST_OE_DELTA_SIZE=5
+	make --quiet test
+fi
+
+check_unignored_build_artifacts
+
+save_good_tree
diff --git a/ci/run-linux32-build.sh b/ci/run-linux32-build.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2c60d2e70a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/run-linux32-build.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Build and test Git in a 32-bit environment
+#
+# Usage:
+#   run-linux32-build.sh <host-user-id>
+#
+
+set -ex
+
+if test $# -ne 1 || test -z "$1"
+then
+	echo >&2 "usage: run-linux32-build.sh <host-user-id>"
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+# Update packages to the latest available versions
+linux32 --32bit i386 sh -c '
+    apt update >/dev/null &&
+    apt install -y build-essential libcurl4-openssl-dev libssl-dev \
+	libexpat-dev gettext python >/dev/null
+'
+
+# If this script runs inside a docker container, then all commands are
+# usually executed as root. Consequently, the host user might not be
+# able to access the test output files.
+# If a non 0 host user id is given, then create a user "ci" with that
+# user id to make everything accessible to the host user.
+HOST_UID=$1
+if test $HOST_UID -eq 0
+then
+	# Just in case someone does want to run the test suite as root.
+	CI_USER=root
+else
+	CI_USER=ci
+	if test "$(id -u $CI_USER 2>/dev/null)" = $HOST_UID
+	then
+		echo "user '$CI_USER' already exists with the requested ID $HOST_UID"
+	else
+		useradd -u $HOST_UID $CI_USER
+	fi
+
+	# Due to a bug the test suite was run as root in the past, so
+	# a prove state file created back then is only accessible by
+	# root.  Now that bug is fixed, the test suite is run as a
+	# regular user, but the prove state file coming from Travis
+	# CI's cache might still be owned by root.
+	# Make sure that this user has rights to any cached files,
+	# including an existing prove state file.
+	test -n "$cache_dir" && chown -R $HOST_UID:$HOST_UID "$cache_dir"
+fi
+
+# Build and test
+linux32 --32bit i386 su -m -l $CI_USER -c '
+	set -ex
+	cd /usr/src/git
+	test -n "$cache_dir" && ln -s "$cache_dir/.prove" t/.prove
+	make --jobs=2
+	make --quiet test
+'
diff --git a/ci/run-linux32-docker.sh b/ci/run-linux32-docker.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..21637903ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/run-linux32-docker.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Download and run Docker image to build and test 32-bit Git
+#
+
+. ${0%/*}/lib-travisci.sh
+
+docker pull daald/ubuntu32:xenial
+
+# Use the following command to debug the docker build locally:
+# $ docker run -itv "${PWD}:/usr/src/git" --entrypoint /bin/bash daald/ubuntu32:xenial
+# root@container:/# /usr/src/git/ci/run-linux32-build.sh <host-user-id>
+
+container_cache_dir=/tmp/travis-cache
+
+docker run \
+	--interactive \
+	--env DEVELOPER \
+	--env DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET \
+	--env GIT_PROVE_OPTS \
+	--env GIT_TEST_OPTS \
+	--env GIT_TEST_CLONE_2GB \
+	--env cache_dir="$container_cache_dir" \
+	--volume "${PWD}:/usr/src/git" \
+	--volume "$cache_dir:$container_cache_dir" \
+	daald/ubuntu32:xenial \
+	/usr/src/git/ci/run-linux32-build.sh $(id -u $USER)
+
+check_unignored_build_artifacts
+
+save_good_tree
diff --git a/ci/run-static-analysis.sh b/ci/run-static-analysis.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5688f261d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/run-static-analysis.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Perform various static code analysis checks
+#
+
+. ${0%/*}/lib-travisci.sh
+
+make --jobs=2 coccicheck
+
+set +x
+
+fail=
+for cocci_patch in contrib/coccinelle/*.patch
+do
+	if test -s "$cocci_patch"
+	then
+		echo "$(tput setaf 1)Coccinelle suggests the following changes in '$cocci_patch':$(tput sgr0)"
+		cat "$cocci_patch"
+		fail=UnfortunatelyYes
+	fi
+done
+
+if test -n "$fail"
+then
+	echo "$(tput setaf 1)error: Coccinelle suggested some changes$(tput sgr0)"
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+save_good_tree
diff --git a/ci/run-windows-build.sh b/ci/run-windows-build.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d99a180e52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/run-windows-build.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#
+# Script to trigger the Git for Windows build and test run.
+# Set the $GFW_CI_TOKEN as environment variable.
+# Pass the branch (only branches on https://github.com/git/git are
+# supported) and a commit hash.
+#
+
+. ${0%/*}/lib-travisci.sh
+
+test $# -ne 2 && echo "Unexpected number of parameters" && exit 1
+test -z "$GFW_CI_TOKEN" && echo "GFW_CI_TOKEN not defined" && exit
+
+BRANCH=$1
+COMMIT=$2
+
+gfwci () {
+	local CURL_ERROR_CODE HTTP_CODE
+	CONTENT_FILE=$(mktemp -t "git-windows-ci-XXXXXX")
+	while test -z $HTTP_CODE
+	do
+	HTTP_CODE=$(curl \
+		-H "Authentication: Bearer $GFW_CI_TOKEN" \
+		--silent --retry 5 --write-out '%{HTTP_CODE}' \
+		--output >(sed "$(printf '1s/^\xef\xbb\xbf//')" >$CONTENT_FILE) \
+		"https://git-for-windows-ci.azurewebsites.net/api/TestNow?$1" \
+	)
+	CURL_ERROR_CODE=$?
+		# The GfW CI web app sometimes returns HTTP errors of
+		# "502 bad gateway" or "503 service unavailable".
+		# We also need to check the HTTP content because the GfW web
+		# app seems to pass through (error) results from other Azure
+		# calls with HTTP code 200.
+		# Wait a little and retry if we detect this error. More info:
+		# https://docs.microsoft.com/en-in/azure/app-service-web/app-service-web-troubleshoot-http-502-http-503
+		if test $HTTP_CODE -eq 502 ||
+		   test $HTTP_CODE -eq 503 ||
+		   grep "502 - Web server received an invalid response" $CONTENT_FILE >/dev/null
+		then
+			sleep 10
+			HTTP_CODE=
+		fi
+	done
+	cat $CONTENT_FILE
+	rm $CONTENT_FILE
+	if test $CURL_ERROR_CODE -ne 0
+	then
+		return $CURL_ERROR_CODE
+	fi
+	if test "$HTTP_CODE" -ge 400 && test "$HTTP_CODE" -lt 600
+	then
+		return 127
+	fi
+}
+
+# Trigger build job
+BUILD_ID=$(gfwci "action=trigger&branch=$BRANCH&commit=$COMMIT&skipTests=false")
+if test $? -ne 0
+then
+	echo "Unable to trigger Visual Studio Team Services Build"
+	echo "$BUILD_ID"
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+# Check if the $BUILD_ID contains a number
+case $BUILD_ID in
+''|*[!0-9]*) echo "Unexpected build number: $BUILD_ID" && exit 1
+esac
+
+echo "Visual Studio Team Services Build #${BUILD_ID}"
+
+# Tracing execued commands would produce too much noise in the waiting
+# loop below.
+set +x
+
+# Wait until build job finished
+STATUS=
+RESULT=
+while true
+do
+	LAST_STATUS=$STATUS
+	STATUS=$(gfwci "action=status&buildId=$BUILD_ID")
+	test "$STATUS" = "$LAST_STATUS" || printf "\nStatus: %s " "$STATUS"
+	printf "."
+
+	case "$STATUS" in
+	inProgress|postponed|notStarted) sleep 10               ;; # continue
+		 "completed: succeeded") RESULT="success"; break;; # success
+		    "completed: failed")                   break;; # failure
+	*) echo "Unhandled status: $STATUS";               break;; # unknown
+	esac
+done
+
+# Print log
+echo ""
+echo ""
+set -x
+gfwci "action=log&buildId=$BUILD_ID" | cut -c 30-
+
+# Set exit code for TravisCI
+test "$RESULT" = "success"
+
+save_good_tree
diff --git a/ci/test-documentation.sh b/ci/test-documentation.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a20de9ca12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/test-documentation.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#
+# Perform sanity checks on documentation and build it.
+#
+
+. ${0%/*}/lib-travisci.sh
+
+gem install asciidoctor
+
+make check-builtins
+make check-docs
+
+# Build docs with AsciiDoc
+make --jobs=2 doc > >(tee stdout.log) 2> >(tee stderr.log >&2)
+! test -s stderr.log
+test -s Documentation/git.html
+test -s Documentation/git.xml
+test -s Documentation/git.1
+grep '<meta name="generator" content="AsciiDoc ' Documentation/git.html
+
+rm -f stdout.log stderr.log
+check_unignored_build_artifacts
+
+# Build docs with AsciiDoctor
+make clean
+make --jobs=2 USE_ASCIIDOCTOR=1 doc > >(tee stdout.log) 2> >(tee stderr.log >&2)
+sed '/^GIT_VERSION = / d' stderr.log
+! test -s stderr.log
+test -s Documentation/git.html
+grep '<meta name="generator" content="Asciidoctor ' Documentation/git.html
+
+rm -f stdout.log stderr.log
+check_unignored_build_artifacts
+
+save_good_tree
diff --git a/ci/util/extract-trash-dirs.sh b/ci/util/extract-trash-dirs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..8e67bec21a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/util/extract-trash-dirs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+error () {
+	echo >&2 "error: $@"
+	exit 1
+}
+
+find_embedded_trash () {
+	while read -r line
+	do
+		case "$line" in
+		*Start\ of\ trash\ directory\ of\ \'t[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-*\':*)
+			test_name="${line#*\'}"
+			test_name="${test_name%\'*}"
+
+			return 0
+		esac
+	done
+
+	return 1
+}
+
+extract_embedded_trash () {
+	while read -r line
+	do
+		case "$line" in
+		*End\ of\ trash\ directory\ of\ \'$test_name\'*)
+			return
+			;;
+		*)
+			printf '%s\n' "$line"
+			;;
+		esac
+	done
+
+	error "unexpected end of input"
+}
+
+# Raw logs from Linux build jobs have CRLF line endings, while OSX
+# build jobs mostly have CRCRLF, except an odd line every now and
+# then that has CRCRCRLF.  'base64 -d' from 'coreutils' doesn't like
+# CRs and complains about "invalid input", so remove all CRs at the
+# end of lines.
+sed -e 's/\r*$//' | \
+while find_embedded_trash
+do
+	echo "Extracting trash directory of '$test_name'"
+
+	extract_embedded_trash |base64 -d |tar xzp
+done
diff --git a/color.c b/color.c
index 9027352ad7..ebb222ec33 100644
--- a/color.c
+++ b/color.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "color.h"
 
 static int git_use_color_default = GIT_COLOR_AUTO;
@@ -123,19 +124,34 @@ static int parse_color(struct color *out, const char *name, int len)
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static int parse_attr(const char *name, int len)
+static int parse_attr(const char *name, size_t len)
 {
-	static const int attr_values[] = { 1, 2, 4, 5, 7,
-					   22, 22, 24, 25, 27 };
-	static const char * const attr_names[] = {
-		"bold", "dim", "ul", "blink", "reverse",
-		"nobold", "nodim", "noul", "noblink", "noreverse"
+	static const struct {
+		const char *name;
+		size_t len;
+		int val, neg;
+	} attrs[] = {
+#define ATTR(x, val, neg) { (x), sizeof(x)-1, (val), (neg) }
+		ATTR("bold",      1, 22),
+		ATTR("dim",       2, 22),
+		ATTR("italic",    3, 23),
+		ATTR("ul",        4, 24),
+		ATTR("blink",     5, 25),
+		ATTR("reverse",   7, 27),
+		ATTR("strike",    9, 29)
+#undef ATTR
 	};
+	int negate = 0;
 	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(attr_names); i++) {
-		const char *str = attr_names[i];
-		if (!strncasecmp(name, str, len) && !str[len])
-			return attr_values[i];
+
+	if (skip_prefix_mem(name, len, "no", &name, &len)) {
+		skip_prefix_mem(name, len, "-", &name, &len);
+		negate = 1;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(attrs); i++) {
+		if (attrs[i].len == len && !memcmp(attrs[i].name, name, len))
+			return negate ? attrs[i].neg : attrs[i].val;
 	}
 	return -1;
 }
@@ -150,22 +166,24 @@ int color_parse(const char *value, char *dst)
  * already have the ANSI escape code in it. "out" should have enough
  * space in it to fit any color.
  */
-static char *color_output(char *out, const struct color *c, char type)
+static char *color_output(char *out, int len, const struct color *c, char type)
 {
 	switch (c->type) {
 	case COLOR_UNSPECIFIED:
 	case COLOR_NORMAL:
 		break;
 	case COLOR_ANSI:
+		if (len < 2)
+			BUG("color parsing ran out of space");
 		*out++ = type;
 		*out++ = '0' + c->value;
 		break;
 	case COLOR_256:
-		out += sprintf(out, "%c8;5;%d", type, c->value);
+		out += xsnprintf(out, len, "%c8;5;%d", type, c->value);
 		break;
 	case COLOR_RGB:
-		out += sprintf(out, "%c8;2;%d;%d;%d", type,
-			       c->red, c->green, c->blue);
+		out += xsnprintf(out, len, "%c8;2;%d;%d;%d", type,
+				 c->red, c->green, c->blue);
 		break;
 	}
 	return out;
@@ -180,19 +198,30 @@ int color_parse_mem(const char *value, int value_len, char *dst)
 {
 	const char *ptr = value;
 	int len = value_len;
+	char *end = dst + COLOR_MAXLEN;
 	unsigned int attr = 0;
 	struct color fg = { COLOR_UNSPECIFIED };
 	struct color bg = { COLOR_UNSPECIFIED };
 
-	if (!strncasecmp(value, "reset", len)) {
-		strcpy(dst, GIT_COLOR_RESET);
+	while (len > 0 && isspace(*ptr)) {
+		ptr++;
+		len--;
+	}
+
+	if (!len) {
+		dst[0] = '\0';
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strncasecmp(ptr, "reset", len)) {
+		xsnprintf(dst, end - dst, GIT_COLOR_RESET);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	/* [fg [bg]] [attr]... */
 	while (len > 0) {
 		const char *word = ptr;
-		struct color c;
+		struct color c = { COLOR_UNSPECIFIED };
 		int val, wordlen = 0;
 
 		while (len > 0 && !isspace(word[wordlen])) {
@@ -224,12 +253,19 @@ int color_parse_mem(const char *value, int value_len, char *dst)
 			goto bad;
 	}
 
+#undef OUT
+#define OUT(x) do { \
+	if (dst == end) \
+		BUG("color parsing ran out of space"); \
+	*dst++ = (x); \
+} while(0)
+
 	if (attr || !color_empty(&fg) || !color_empty(&bg)) {
 		int sep = 0;
 		int i;
 
-		*dst++ = '\033';
-		*dst++ = '[';
+		OUT('\033');
+		OUT('[');
 
 		for (i = 0; attr; i++) {
 			unsigned bit = (1 << i);
@@ -237,27 +273,28 @@ int color_parse_mem(const char *value, int value_len, char *dst)
 				continue;
 			attr &= ~bit;
 			if (sep++)
-				*dst++ = ';';
-			dst += sprintf(dst, "%d", i);
+				OUT(';');
+			dst += xsnprintf(dst, end - dst, "%d", i);
 		}
 		if (!color_empty(&fg)) {
 			if (sep++)
-				*dst++ = ';';
+				OUT(';');
 			/* foreground colors are all in the 3x range */
-			dst = color_output(dst, &fg, '3');
+			dst = color_output(dst, end - dst, &fg, '3');
 		}
 		if (!color_empty(&bg)) {
 			if (sep++)
-				*dst++ = ';';
+				OUT(';');
 			/* background colors are all in the 4x range */
-			dst = color_output(dst, &bg, '4');
+			dst = color_output(dst, end - dst, &bg, '4');
 		}
-		*dst++ = 'm';
+		OUT('m');
 	}
-	*dst = 0;
+	OUT(0);
 	return 0;
 bad:
 	return error(_("invalid color value: %.*s"), value_len, value);
+#undef OUT
 }
 
 int git_config_colorbool(const char *var, const char *value)
@@ -282,29 +319,40 @@ int git_config_colorbool(const char *var, const char *value)
 	return GIT_COLOR_AUTO;
 }
 
-static int check_auto_color(void)
+static int check_auto_color(int fd)
 {
-	if (color_stdout_is_tty < 0)
-		color_stdout_is_tty = isatty(1);
-	if (color_stdout_is_tty || (pager_in_use() && pager_use_color)) {
-		char *term = getenv("TERM");
-		if (term && strcmp(term, "dumb"))
+	static int color_stderr_is_tty = -1;
+	int *is_tty_p = fd == 1 ? &color_stdout_is_tty : &color_stderr_is_tty;
+	if (*is_tty_p < 0)
+		*is_tty_p = isatty(fd);
+	if (*is_tty_p || (fd == 1 && pager_in_use() && pager_use_color)) {
+		if (!is_terminal_dumb())
 			return 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int want_color(int var)
+int want_color_fd(int fd, int var)
 {
-	static int want_auto = -1;
+	/*
+	 * NEEDSWORK: This function is sometimes used from multiple threads, and
+	 * we end up using want_auto racily. That "should not matter" since
+	 * we always write the same value, but it's still wrong. This function
+	 * is listed in .tsan-suppressions for the time being.
+	 */
+
+	static int want_auto[3] = { -1, -1, -1 };
+
+	if (fd < 1 || fd >= ARRAY_SIZE(want_auto))
+		BUG("file descriptor out of range: %d", fd);
 
 	if (var < 0)
 		var = git_use_color_default;
 
 	if (var == GIT_COLOR_AUTO) {
-		if (want_auto < 0)
-			want_auto = check_auto_color();
-		return want_auto;
+		if (want_auto[fd] < 0)
+			want_auto[fd] = check_auto_color(fd);
+		return want_auto[fd];
 	}
 	return var;
 }
@@ -351,8 +399,6 @@ static int color_vfprintf(FILE *fp, const char *color, const char *fmt,
 	return r;
 }
 
-
-
 int color_fprintf(FILE *fp, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	va_list args;
diff --git a/color.h b/color.h
index 7fe77fb55e..98894d6a17 100644
--- a/color.h
+++ b/color.h
@@ -3,26 +3,24 @@
 
 struct strbuf;
 
-/*  2 + (2 * num_attrs) + 8 + 1 + 8 + 'm' + NUL */
-/* "\033[1;2;4;5;7;38;5;2xx;48;5;2xxm\0" */
 /*
  * The maximum length of ANSI color sequence we would generate:
  * - leading ESC '['            2
- * - attr + ';'                 3 * 10 (e.g. "1;")
+ * - attr + ';'                 2 * num_attr (e.g. "1;")
+ * - no-attr + ';'              3 * num_attr (e.g. "22;")
  * - fg color + ';'             17 (e.g. "38;2;255;255;255;")
  * - bg color + ';'             17 (e.g. "48;2;255;255;255;")
  * - terminating 'm' NUL        2
  *
- * The above overcounts attr (we only use 5 not 8) and one semicolon
- * but it is close enough.
+ * The above overcounts by one semicolon but it is close enough.
+ *
+ * The space for attributes is also slightly overallocated, as
+ * the negation for some attributes is the same (e.g., nobold and nodim).
+ *
+ * We allocate space for 7 attributes.
  */
-#define COLOR_MAXLEN 70
+#define COLOR_MAXLEN 75
 
-/*
- * IMPORTANT: Due to the way these color codes are emulated on Windows,
- * write them only using printf(), fprintf(), and fputs(). In particular,
- * do not use puts() or write().
- */
 #define GIT_COLOR_NORMAL	""
 #define GIT_COLOR_RESET		"\033[m"
 #define GIT_COLOR_BOLD		"\033[1m"
@@ -38,12 +36,21 @@ struct strbuf;
 #define GIT_COLOR_BOLD_BLUE	"\033[1;34m"
 #define GIT_COLOR_BOLD_MAGENTA	"\033[1;35m"
 #define GIT_COLOR_BOLD_CYAN	"\033[1;36m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_FAINT_RED	"\033[2;31m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_FAINT_GREEN	"\033[2;32m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_FAINT_YELLOW	"\033[2;33m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_FAINT_BLUE	"\033[2;34m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_FAINT_MAGENTA	"\033[2;35m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_FAINT_CYAN	"\033[2;36m"
 #define GIT_COLOR_BG_RED	"\033[41m"
 #define GIT_COLOR_BG_GREEN	"\033[42m"
 #define GIT_COLOR_BG_YELLOW	"\033[43m"
 #define GIT_COLOR_BG_BLUE	"\033[44m"
 #define GIT_COLOR_BG_MAGENTA	"\033[45m"
 #define GIT_COLOR_BG_CYAN	"\033[46m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_FAINT		"\033[2m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_FAINT_ITALIC	"\033[2;3m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_REVERSE	"\033[7m"
 
 /* A special value meaning "no color selected" */
 #define GIT_COLOR_NIL "NIL"
@@ -75,16 +82,49 @@ extern int color_stdout_is_tty;
 int git_color_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
 int git_color_default_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
 
+/*
+ * Parse a config option, which can be a boolean or one of
+ * "never", "auto", "always". Return a constant of
+ * GIT_COLOR_NEVER for "never" or negative boolean,
+ * GIT_COLOR_ALWAYS for "always" or a positive boolean,
+ * and GIT_COLOR_AUTO for "auto".
+ */
 int git_config_colorbool(const char *var, const char *value);
-int want_color(int var);
+
+/*
+ * Return a boolean whether to use color, where the argument 'var' is
+ * one of GIT_COLOR_UNKNOWN, GIT_COLOR_NEVER, GIT_COLOR_ALWAYS, GIT_COLOR_AUTO.
+ */
+int want_color_fd(int fd, int var);
+#define want_color(colorbool) want_color_fd(1, (colorbool))
+#define want_color_stderr(colorbool) want_color_fd(2, (colorbool))
+
+/*
+ * Translate a Git color from 'value' into a string that the terminal can
+ * interpret and store it into 'dst'. The Git color values are of the form
+ * "foreground [background] [attr]" where fore- and background can be a color
+ * name ("red"), a RGB code (#0xFF0000) or a 256-color-mode from the terminal.
+ */
 int color_parse(const char *value, char *dst);
 int color_parse_mem(const char *value, int len, char *dst);
+
+/*
+ * Output the formatted string in the specified color (and then reset to normal
+ * color so subsequent output is uncolored). Omits the color encapsulation if
+ * `color` is NULL. The `color_fprintf_ln` prints a new line after resetting
+ * the color.  The `color_print_strbuf` prints the contents of the given
+ * strbuf (BUG: but only up to its first NUL character).
+ */
 __attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 int color_fprintf(FILE *fp, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...);
 __attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 int color_fprintf_ln(FILE *fp, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...);
 void color_print_strbuf(FILE *fp, const char *color, const struct strbuf *sb);
 
+/*
+ * Check if the given color is GIT_COLOR_NIL that means "no color selected".
+ * The caller needs to replace the color with the actual desired color.
+ */
 int color_is_nil(const char *color);
 
 #endif /* COLOR_H */
diff --git a/column.c b/column.c
index 786abe62b0..2165297608 100644
--- a/column.c
+++ b/column.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "column.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
@@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ static void display_table(const struct string_list *list,
 	data.colopts = colopts;
 	data.opts = *opts;
 
-	data.len = xmalloc(sizeof(*data.len) * list->nr);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(data.len, list->nr);
 	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
 		data.len[i] = item_length(colopts, list->items[i].string);
 
@@ -173,9 +174,8 @@ static void display_table(const struct string_list *list,
 	if (colopts & COL_DENSE)
 		shrink_columns(&data);
 
-	empty_cell = xmalloc(initial_width + 1);
+	empty_cell = xmallocz(initial_width);
 	memset(empty_cell, ' ', initial_width);
-	empty_cell[initial_width] = '\0';
 	for (y = 0; y < data.rows; y++) {
 		for (x = 0; x < data.cols; x++)
 			if (display_cell(&data, initial_width, empty_cell, x, y))
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ void print_columns(const struct string_list *list, unsigned int colopts,
 		display_table(list, colopts, &nopts);
 		break;
 	default:
-		die("BUG: invalid layout mode %d", COL_LAYOUT(colopts));
+		BUG("invalid layout mode %d", COL_LAYOUT(colopts));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ int finalize_colopts(unsigned int *colopts, int stdout_is_tty)
 		if (stdout_is_tty < 0)
 			stdout_is_tty = isatty(1);
 		*colopts &= ~COL_ENABLE_MASK;
-		if (stdout_is_tty)
+		if (stdout_is_tty || pager_in_use())
 			*colopts |= COL_ENABLED;
 	}
 	return 0;
diff --git a/column.h b/column.h
index 0a61917fa7..2567a5cf4d 100644
--- a/column.h
+++ b/column.h
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ static inline int column_active(unsigned int colopts)
 	return (colopts & COL_ENABLE_MASK) == COL_ENABLED;
 }
 
+struct string_list;
 extern void print_columns(const struct string_list *list, unsigned int colopts,
 			  const struct column_options *opts);
 
diff --git a/combine-diff.c b/combine-diff.c
index 91edce58e1..de7695e728 100644
--- a/combine-diff.c
+++ b/combine-diff.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "diff.h"
@@ -44,9 +45,9 @@ static struct combine_diff_path *intersect_paths(struct combine_diff_path *curr,
 			memset(p->parent, 0,
 			       sizeof(p->parent[0]) * num_parent);
 
-			hashcpy(p->sha1, q->queue[i]->two->sha1);
+			oidcpy(&p->oid, &q->queue[i]->two->oid);
 			p->mode = q->queue[i]->two->mode;
-			hashcpy(p->parent[n].sha1, q->queue[i]->one->sha1);
+			oidcpy(&p->parent[n].oid, &q->queue[i]->one->oid);
 			p->parent[n].mode = q->queue[i]->one->mode;
 			p->parent[n].status = q->queue[i]->status;
 			*tail = p;
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ static struct combine_diff_path *intersect_paths(struct combine_diff_path *curr,
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		hashcpy(p->parent[n].sha1, q->queue[i]->one->sha1);
+		oidcpy(&p->parent[n].oid, &q->queue[i]->one->oid);
 		p->parent[n].mode = q->queue[i]->one->mode;
 		p->parent[n].status = q->queue[i]->status;
 
@@ -162,7 +163,7 @@ enum coalesce_direction { MATCH, BASE, NEW };
 
 /* Coalesce new lines into base by finding LCS */
 static struct lline *coalesce_lines(struct lline *base, int *lenbase,
-				    struct lline *new, int lennew,
+				    struct lline *newline, int lennew,
 				    unsigned long parent, long flags)
 {
 	int **lcs;
@@ -170,12 +171,12 @@ static struct lline *coalesce_lines(struct lline *base, int *lenbase,
 	struct lline *baseend, *newend = NULL;
 	int i, j, origbaselen = *lenbase;
 
-	if (new == NULL)
+	if (newline == NULL)
 		return base;
 
 	if (base == NULL) {
 		*lenbase = lennew;
-		return new;
+		return newline;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -189,18 +190,18 @@ static struct lline *coalesce_lines(struct lline *base, int *lenbase,
 	 *   - Else if we have NEW, insert newend lline into base and
 	 *   consume newend
 	 */
-	lcs = xcalloc(origbaselen + 1, sizeof(int*));
-	directions = xcalloc(origbaselen + 1, sizeof(enum coalesce_direction*));
+	lcs = xcalloc(st_add(origbaselen, 1), sizeof(int*));
+	directions = xcalloc(st_add(origbaselen, 1), sizeof(enum coalesce_direction*));
 	for (i = 0; i < origbaselen + 1; i++) {
-		lcs[i] = xcalloc(lennew + 1, sizeof(int));
-		directions[i] = xcalloc(lennew + 1, sizeof(enum coalesce_direction));
+		lcs[i] = xcalloc(st_add(lennew, 1), sizeof(int));
+		directions[i] = xcalloc(st_add(lennew, 1), sizeof(enum coalesce_direction));
 		directions[i][0] = BASE;
 	}
 	for (j = 1; j < lennew + 1; j++)
 		directions[0][j] = NEW;
 
 	for (i = 1, baseend = base; i < origbaselen + 1; i++) {
-		for (j = 1, newend = new; j < lennew + 1; j++) {
+		for (j = 1, newend = newline; j < lennew + 1; j++) {
 			if (match_string_spaces(baseend->line, baseend->len,
 						newend->line, newend->len, flags)) {
 				lcs[i][j] = lcs[i - 1][j - 1] + 1;
@@ -241,7 +242,7 @@ static struct lline *coalesce_lines(struct lline *base, int *lenbase,
 			if (lline->prev)
 				lline->prev->next = lline->next;
 			else
-				new = lline->next;
+				newline = lline->next;
 			if (lline->next)
 				lline->next->prev = lline->prev;
 
@@ -270,7 +271,7 @@ static struct lline *coalesce_lines(struct lline *base, int *lenbase,
 		}
 	}
 
-	newend = new;
+	newend = newline;
 	while (newend) {
 		struct lline *lline = newend;
 		newend = newend->next;
@@ -284,7 +285,7 @@ static struct lline *coalesce_lines(struct lline *base, int *lenbase,
 	return base;
 }
 
-static char *grab_blob(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned int mode,
+static char *grab_blob(const struct object_id *oid, unsigned int mode,
 		       unsigned long *size, struct userdiff_driver *textconv,
 		       const char *path)
 {
@@ -292,22 +293,23 @@ static char *grab_blob(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned int mode,
 	enum object_type type;
 
 	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
-		blob = xmalloc(100);
-		*size = snprintf(blob, 100,
-				 "Subproject commit %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	} else if (is_null_sha1(sha1)) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "Subproject commit %s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
+		*size = buf.len;
+		blob = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+	} else if (is_null_oid(oid)) {
 		/* deleted blob */
 		*size = 0;
 		return xcalloc(1, 1);
 	} else if (textconv) {
 		struct diff_filespec *df = alloc_filespec(path);
-		fill_filespec(df, sha1, 1, mode);
+		fill_filespec(df, oid, 1, mode);
 		*size = fill_textconv(textconv, df, &blob);
 		free_filespec(df);
 	} else {
-		blob = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, size);
+		blob = read_object_file(oid, &type, size);
 		if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
-			die("object '%s' is not a blob!", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die("object '%s' is not a blob!", oid_to_hex(oid));
 	}
 	return blob;
 }
@@ -319,7 +321,7 @@ static void append_lost(struct sline *sline, int n, const char *line, int len)
 	if (line[len-1] == '\n')
 		len--;
 
-	lline = xmalloc(sizeof(*lline) + len + 1);
+	FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(lline, line, line, len);
 	lline->len = len;
 	lline->next = NULL;
 	lline->prev = sline->plost.lost_tail;
@@ -330,8 +332,6 @@ static void append_lost(struct sline *sline, int n, const char *line, int len)
 	sline->plost.lost_tail = lline;
 	sline->plost.len++;
 	lline->parent_map = this_mask;
-	memcpy(lline->line, line, len);
-	lline->line[len] = 0;
 }
 
 struct combine_diff_state {
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ static void consume_line(void *state_, char *line, unsigned long len)
 	}
 }
 
-static void combine_diff(const unsigned char *parent, unsigned int mode,
+static void combine_diff(const struct object_id *parent, unsigned int mode,
 			 mmfile_t *result_file,
 			 struct sline *sline, unsigned int cnt, int n,
 			 int num_parent, int result_deleted,
@@ -419,8 +419,10 @@ static void combine_diff(const unsigned char *parent, unsigned int mode,
 	state.num_parent = num_parent;
 	state.n = n;
 
-	xdi_diff_outf(&parent_file, result_file, consume_line, &state,
-		      &xpp, &xecfg);
+	if (xdi_diff_outf(&parent_file, result_file, consume_line, &state,
+			  &xpp, &xecfg))
+		die("unable to generate combined diff for %s",
+		    oid_to_hex(parent));
 	free(parent_file.ptr);
 
 	/* Assign line numbers for this parent.
@@ -730,7 +732,7 @@ static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, const char *line_prefix,
 	const char *c_func = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_FUNCINFO);
 	const char *c_new = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
 	const char *c_old = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
-	const char *c_plain = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_PLAIN);
+	const char *c_context = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_CONTEXT);
 	const char *c_reset = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_RESET);
 
 	if (result_deleted)
@@ -793,7 +795,7 @@ static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, const char *line_prefix,
 			}
 			if (comment_end)
 				printf("%s%s %s%s", c_reset,
-						    c_plain, c_reset,
+						    c_context, c_reset,
 						    c_func);
 			for (i = 0; i < comment_end; i++)
 				putchar(hunk_comment[i]);
@@ -828,7 +830,7 @@ static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, const char *line_prefix,
 				 */
 				if (!context)
 					continue;
-				fputs(c_plain, stdout);
+				fputs(c_context, stdout);
 			}
 			else
 				fputs(c_new, stdout);
@@ -897,7 +899,7 @@ static void show_combined_header(struct combine_diff_path *elem,
 				 int show_file_header)
 {
 	struct diff_options *opt = &rev->diffopt;
-	int abbrev = DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, FULL_INDEX) ? 40 : DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+	int abbrev = opt->flags.full_index ? GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ : DEFAULT_ABBREV;
 	const char *a_prefix = opt->a_prefix ? opt->a_prefix : "a/";
 	const char *b_prefix = opt->b_prefix ? opt->b_prefix : "b/";
 	const char *c_meta = diff_get_color_opt(opt, DIFF_METAINFO);
@@ -914,11 +916,11 @@ static void show_combined_header(struct combine_diff_path *elem,
 			 "", elem->path, line_prefix, c_meta, c_reset);
 	printf("%s%sindex ", line_prefix, c_meta);
 	for (i = 0; i < num_parent; i++) {
-		abb = find_unique_abbrev(elem->parent[i].sha1,
+		abb = find_unique_abbrev(&elem->parent[i].oid,
 					 abbrev);
 		printf("%s%s", i ? "," : "", abb);
 	}
-	abb = find_unique_abbrev(elem->sha1, abbrev);
+	abb = find_unique_abbrev(&elem->oid, abbrev);
 	printf("..%s%s\n", abb, c_reset);
 
 	if (mode_differs) {
@@ -986,12 +988,12 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 	userdiff = userdiff_find_by_path(elem->path);
 	if (!userdiff)
 		userdiff = userdiff_find_by_name("default");
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV))
+	if (opt->flags.allow_textconv)
 		textconv = userdiff_get_textconv(userdiff);
 
 	/* Read the result of merge first */
 	if (!working_tree_file)
-		result = grab_blob(elem->sha1, elem->mode, &result_size,
+		result = grab_blob(&elem->oid, elem->mode, &result_size,
 				   textconv, elem->path);
 	else {
 		/* Used by diff-tree to read from the working tree */
@@ -1005,24 +1007,23 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 			if (strbuf_readlink(&buf, elem->path, st.st_size) < 0) {
-				error("readlink(%s): %s", elem->path,
-				      strerror(errno));
+				error_errno("readlink(%s)", elem->path);
 				return;
 			}
 			result_size = buf.len;
 			result = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 			elem->mode = canon_mode(st.st_mode);
 		} else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
-			if (resolve_gitlink_ref(elem->path, "HEAD", sha1) < 0)
-				result = grab_blob(elem->sha1, elem->mode,
+			struct object_id oid;
+			if (resolve_gitlink_ref(elem->path, "HEAD", &oid) < 0)
+				result = grab_blob(&elem->oid, elem->mode,
 						   &result_size, NULL, NULL);
 			else
-				result = grab_blob(sha1, elem->mode,
+				result = grab_blob(&oid, elem->mode,
 						   &result_size, NULL, NULL);
 		} else if (textconv) {
 			struct diff_filespec *df = alloc_filespec(elem->path);
-			fill_filespec(df, null_sha1, 0, st.st_mode);
+			fill_filespec(df, &null_oid, 0, st.st_mode);
 			result_size = fill_textconv(textconv, df, &result);
 			free_filespec(df);
 		} else if (0 <= (fd = open(elem->path, O_RDONLY))) {
@@ -1041,7 +1042,7 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 				elem->mode = canon_mode(S_IFLNK);
 
 			result_size = len;
-			result = xmalloc(len + 1);
+			result = xmallocz(len);
 
 			done = read_in_full(fd, result, len);
 			if (done < 0)
@@ -1049,13 +1050,11 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 			else if (done < len)
 				die("early EOF '%s'", elem->path);
 
-			result[len] = 0;
-
 			/* If not a fake symlink, apply filters, e.g. autocrlf */
 			if (is_file) {
 				struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-				if (convert_to_git(elem->path, result, len, &buf, safe_crlf)) {
+				if (convert_to_git(&the_index, elem->path, result, len, &buf, global_conv_flags_eol)) {
 					free(result);
 					result = strbuf_detach(&buf, &len);
 					result_size = len;
@@ -1090,7 +1089,7 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 		for (i = 0; !is_binary && i < num_parent; i++) {
 			char *buf;
 			unsigned long size;
-			buf = grab_blob(elem->parent[i].sha1,
+			buf = grab_blob(&elem->parent[i].oid,
 					elem->parent[i].mode,
 					&size, NULL, NULL);
 			if (buffer_is_binary(buf, size))
@@ -1113,7 +1112,7 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 	if (result_size && result[result_size-1] != '\n')
 		cnt++; /* incomplete line */
 
-	sline = xcalloc(cnt+2, sizeof(*sline));
+	sline = xcalloc(st_add(cnt, 2), sizeof(*sline));
 	sline[0].bol = result;
 	for (lno = 0, cp = result; cp < result + result_size; cp++) {
 		if (*cp == '\n') {
@@ -1132,21 +1131,21 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 	/* Even p_lno[cnt+1] is valid -- that is for the end line number
 	 * for deletion hunk at the end.
 	 */
-	sline[0].p_lno = xcalloc((cnt+2) * num_parent, sizeof(unsigned long));
+	sline[0].p_lno = xcalloc(st_mult(st_add(cnt, 2), num_parent), sizeof(unsigned long));
 	for (lno = 0; lno <= cnt; lno++)
 		sline[lno+1].p_lno = sline[lno].p_lno + num_parent;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < num_parent; i++) {
 		int j;
 		for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
-			if (!hashcmp(elem->parent[i].sha1,
-				     elem->parent[j].sha1)) {
+			if (!oidcmp(&elem->parent[i].oid,
+				     &elem->parent[j].oid)) {
 				reuse_combine_diff(sline, cnt, i, j);
 				break;
 			}
 		}
 		if (i <= j)
-			combine_diff(elem->parent[i].sha1,
+			combine_diff(&elem->parent[i].oid,
 				     elem->parent[i].mode,
 				     &result_file, sline,
 				     cnt, i, num_parent, result_deleted,
@@ -1206,9 +1205,9 @@ static void show_raw_diff(struct combine_diff_path *p, int num_parent, struct re
 
 		/* Show sha1's */
 		for (i = 0; i < num_parent; i++)
-			printf(" %s", diff_unique_abbrev(p->parent[i].sha1,
-							 opt->abbrev));
-		printf(" %s ", diff_unique_abbrev(p->sha1, opt->abbrev));
+			printf(" %s", diff_aligned_abbrev(&p->parent[i].oid,
+							  opt->abbrev));
+		printf(" %s ", diff_aligned_abbrev(&p->oid, opt->abbrev));
 	}
 
 	if (opt->output_format & (DIFF_FORMAT_RAW | DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS)) {
@@ -1264,23 +1263,23 @@ static struct diff_filepair *combined_pair(struct combine_diff_path *p,
 	struct diff_filespec *pool;
 
 	pair = xmalloc(sizeof(*pair));
-	pool = xcalloc(num_parent + 1, sizeof(struct diff_filespec));
+	pool = xcalloc(st_add(num_parent, 1), sizeof(struct diff_filespec));
 	pair->one = pool + 1;
 	pair->two = pool;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < num_parent; i++) {
 		pair->one[i].path = p->path;
 		pair->one[i].mode = p->parent[i].mode;
-		hashcpy(pair->one[i].sha1, p->parent[i].sha1);
-		pair->one[i].sha1_valid = !is_null_sha1(p->parent[i].sha1);
+		oidcpy(&pair->one[i].oid, &p->parent[i].oid);
+		pair->one[i].oid_valid = !is_null_oid(&p->parent[i].oid);
 		pair->one[i].has_more_entries = 1;
 	}
 	pair->one[num_parent - 1].has_more_entries = 0;
 
 	pair->two->path = p->path;
 	pair->two->mode = p->mode;
-	hashcpy(pair->two->sha1, p->sha1);
-	pair->two->sha1_valid = !is_null_sha1(p->sha1);
+	oidcpy(&pair->two->oid, &p->oid);
+	pair->two->oid_valid = !is_null_oid(&p->oid);
 	return pair;
 }
 
@@ -1313,8 +1312,8 @@ static const char *path_path(void *obj)
 
 
 /* find set of paths that every parent touches */
-static struct combine_diff_path *find_paths_generic(const unsigned char *sha1,
-	const struct sha1_array *parents, struct diff_options *opt)
+static struct combine_diff_path *find_paths_generic(const struct object_id *oid,
+	const struct oid_array *parents, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
 	struct combine_diff_path *paths = NULL;
 	int i, num_parent = parents->nr;
@@ -1338,7 +1337,7 @@ static struct combine_diff_path *find_paths_generic(const unsigned char *sha1,
 			opt->output_format = stat_opt;
 		else
 			opt->output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
-		diff_tree_sha1(parents->sha1[i], sha1, "", opt);
+		diff_tree_oid(&parents->oid[i], oid, "", opt);
 		diffcore_std(opt);
 		paths = intersect_paths(paths, i, num_parent);
 
@@ -1362,32 +1361,32 @@ static struct combine_diff_path *find_paths_generic(const unsigned char *sha1,
  * rename/copy detection, etc, comparing all trees simultaneously (= faster).
  */
 static struct combine_diff_path *find_paths_multitree(
-	const unsigned char *sha1, const struct sha1_array *parents,
+	const struct object_id *oid, const struct oid_array *parents,
 	struct diff_options *opt)
 {
 	int i, nparent = parents->nr;
-	const unsigned char **parents_sha1;
+	const struct object_id **parents_oid;
 	struct combine_diff_path paths_head;
 	struct strbuf base;
 
-	parents_sha1 = xmalloc(nparent * sizeof(parents_sha1[0]));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(parents_oid, nparent);
 	for (i = 0; i < nparent; i++)
-		parents_sha1[i] = parents->sha1[i];
+		parents_oid[i] = &parents->oid[i];
 
 	/* fake list head, so worker can assume it is non-NULL */
 	paths_head.next = NULL;
 
 	strbuf_init(&base, PATH_MAX);
-	diff_tree_paths(&paths_head, sha1, parents_sha1, nparent, &base, opt);
+	diff_tree_paths(&paths_head, oid, parents_oid, nparent, &base, opt);
 
 	strbuf_release(&base);
-	free(parents_sha1);
+	free(parents_oid);
 	return paths_head.next;
 }
 
 
-void diff_tree_combined(const unsigned char *sha1,
-			const struct sha1_array *parents,
+void diff_tree_combined(const struct object_id *oid,
+			const struct oid_array *parents,
 			int dense,
 			struct rev_info *rev)
 {
@@ -1415,8 +1414,8 @@ void diff_tree_combined(const unsigned char *sha1,
 
 	diffopts = *opt;
 	copy_pathspec(&diffopts.pathspec, &opt->pathspec);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&diffopts, RECURSIVE);
-	DIFF_OPT_CLR(&diffopts, ALLOW_EXTERNAL);
+	diffopts.flags.recursive = 1;
+	diffopts.flags.allow_external = 0;
 
 	/* find set of paths that everybody touches
 	 *
@@ -1437,10 +1436,10 @@ void diff_tree_combined(const unsigned char *sha1,
 	 * NOTE please keep this semantically in sync with diffcore_std()
 	 */
 	need_generic_pathscan = opt->skip_stat_unmatch	||
-			DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, FOLLOW_RENAMES)	||
+			opt->flags.follow_renames	||
 			opt->break_opt != -1	||
 			opt->detect_rename	||
-			opt->pickaxe		||
+			(opt->pickaxe_opts & DIFF_PICKAXE_KINDS_MASK)	||
 			opt->filter;
 
 
@@ -1450,11 +1449,11 @@ void diff_tree_combined(const unsigned char *sha1,
 		 * diff(sha1,parent_i) for all i to do the job, specifically
 		 * for parent0.
 		 */
-		paths = find_paths_generic(sha1, parents, &diffopts);
+		paths = find_paths_generic(oid, parents, &diffopts);
 	}
 	else {
 		int stat_opt;
-		paths = find_paths_multitree(sha1, parents, &diffopts);
+		paths = find_paths_multitree(oid, parents, &diffopts);
 
 		/*
 		 * show stat against the first parent even
@@ -1465,7 +1464,7 @@ void diff_tree_combined(const unsigned char *sha1,
 		if (stat_opt) {
 			diffopts.output_format = stat_opt;
 
-			diff_tree_sha1(parents->sha1[0], sha1, "", &diffopts);
+			diff_tree_oid(&parents->oid[0], oid, "", &diffopts);
 			diffcore_std(&diffopts);
 			if (opt->orderfile)
 				diffcore_order(opt->orderfile);
@@ -1481,7 +1480,7 @@ void diff_tree_combined(const unsigned char *sha1,
 	if (opt->orderfile && num_paths) {
 		struct obj_order *o;
 
-		o = xmalloc(sizeof(*o) * num_paths);
+		ALLOC_ARRAY(o, num_paths);
 		for (i = 0, p = paths; p; p = p->next, i++)
 			o[i].obj = p;
 		order_objects(opt->orderfile, path_path, o, num_paths);
@@ -1528,19 +1527,19 @@ void diff_tree_combined(const unsigned char *sha1,
 		free(tmp);
 	}
 
-	free_pathspec(&diffopts.pathspec);
+	clear_pathspec(&diffopts.pathspec);
 }
 
 void diff_tree_combined_merge(const struct commit *commit, int dense,
 			      struct rev_info *rev)
 {
 	struct commit_list *parent = get_saved_parents(rev, commit);
-	struct sha1_array parents = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct oid_array parents = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
 
 	while (parent) {
-		sha1_array_append(&parents, parent->item->object.sha1);
+		oid_array_append(&parents, &parent->item->object.oid);
 		parent = parent->next;
 	}
-	diff_tree_combined(commit->object.sha1, &parents, dense, rev);
-	sha1_array_clear(&parents);
+	diff_tree_combined(&commit->object.oid, &parents, dense, rev);
+	oid_array_clear(&parents);
 }
diff --git a/command-list.txt b/command-list.txt
index f1eae0810d..a9dda3b8af 100644
--- a/command-list.txt
+++ b/command-list.txt
@@ -1,31 +1,77 @@
-# List of known git commands.
-# command name				category [deprecated] [common]
-git-add                                 mainporcelain common
+# Command classification list
+# ---------------------------
+# All supported commands, builtin or external, must be described in
+# here. This info is used to list commands in various places. Each
+# command is on one line followed by one or more attributes.
+#
+# The first attribute group is mandatory and indicates the command
+# type. This group includes:
+#
+#   mainporcelain
+#   ancillarymanipulators
+#   ancillaryinterrogators
+#   foreignscminterface
+#   plumbingmanipulators
+#   plumbinginterrogators
+#   synchingrepositories
+#   synchelpers
+#   purehelpers
+#
+# The type names are self explanatory. But if you want to see what
+# command belongs to what group to get a better picture, have a look
+# at "git" man page, "GIT COMMANDS" section.
+#
+# Commands of type mainporcelain can also optionally have one of these
+# attributes:
+#
+#   init
+#   worktree
+#   info
+#   history
+#   remote
+#
+# These commands are considered "common" and will show up in "git
+# help" output in groups. Uncommon porcelain commands must not
+# specify any of these attributes.
+#
+# "complete" attribute is used to mark that the command should be
+# completable by git-completion.bash. Note that by default,
+# mainporcelain commands are completable so you don't need this
+# attribute.
+#
+# As part of the Git man page list, the man(5/7) guides are also
+# specified here, which can only have "guide" attribute and nothing
+# else.
+#
+### command list (do not change this line, also do not change alignment)
+# command name                          category [category] [category]
+git-add                                 mainporcelain           worktree
 git-am                                  mainporcelain
 git-annotate                            ancillaryinterrogators
-git-apply                               plumbingmanipulators
+git-apply                               plumbingmanipulators            complete
 git-archimport                          foreignscminterface
 git-archive                             mainporcelain
-git-bisect                              mainporcelain common
-git-blame                               ancillaryinterrogators
-git-branch                              mainporcelain common
+git-bisect                              mainporcelain           info
+git-blame                               ancillaryinterrogators          complete
+git-branch                              mainporcelain           history
 git-bundle                              mainporcelain
 git-cat-file                            plumbinginterrogators
 git-check-attr                          purehelpers
 git-check-ignore                        purehelpers
 git-check-mailmap                       purehelpers
-git-checkout                            mainporcelain common
+git-checkout                            mainporcelain           history
 git-checkout-index                      plumbingmanipulators
 git-check-ref-format                    purehelpers
-git-cherry                              ancillaryinterrogators
+git-cherry                              ancillaryinterrogators          complete
 git-cherry-pick                         mainporcelain
 git-citool                              mainporcelain
 git-clean                               mainporcelain
-git-clone                               mainporcelain common
+git-clone                               mainporcelain           init
 git-column                              purehelpers
-git-commit                              mainporcelain common
+git-commit                              mainporcelain           history
+git-commit-graph                        plumbingmanipulators
 git-commit-tree                         plumbingmanipulators
-git-config                              ancillarymanipulators
+git-config                              ancillarymanipulators           complete
 git-count-objects                       ancillaryinterrogators
 git-credential                          purehelpers
 git-credential-cache                    purehelpers
@@ -35,51 +81,51 @@ git-cvsimport                           foreignscminterface
 git-cvsserver                           foreignscminterface
 git-daemon                              synchingrepositories
 git-describe                            mainporcelain
-git-diff                                mainporcelain common
+git-diff                                mainporcelain           history
 git-diff-files                          plumbinginterrogators
 git-diff-index                          plumbinginterrogators
 git-diff-tree                           plumbinginterrogators
-git-difftool                            ancillaryinterrogators
-git-fast-export				ancillarymanipulators
-git-fast-import				ancillarymanipulators
-git-fetch                               mainporcelain common
+git-difftool                            ancillaryinterrogators          complete
+git-fast-export                         ancillarymanipulators
+git-fast-import                         ancillarymanipulators
+git-fetch                               mainporcelain           remote
 git-fetch-pack                          synchingrepositories
 git-filter-branch                       ancillarymanipulators
 git-fmt-merge-msg                       purehelpers
 git-for-each-ref                        plumbinginterrogators
 git-format-patch                        mainporcelain
-git-fsck	                        ancillaryinterrogators
+git-fsck                                ancillaryinterrogators          complete
 git-gc                                  mainporcelain
 git-get-tar-commit-id                   ancillaryinterrogators
-git-grep                                mainporcelain common
+git-grep                                mainporcelain           info
 git-gui                                 mainporcelain
 git-hash-object                         plumbingmanipulators
-git-help				ancillaryinterrogators
+git-help                                ancillaryinterrogators          complete
 git-http-backend                        synchingrepositories
 git-http-fetch                          synchelpers
 git-http-push                           synchelpers
 git-imap-send                           foreignscminterface
 git-index-pack                          plumbingmanipulators
-git-init                                mainporcelain common
-git-instaweb                            ancillaryinterrogators
+git-init                                mainporcelain           init
+git-instaweb                            ancillaryinterrogators          complete
 git-interpret-trailers                  purehelpers
 gitk                                    mainporcelain
-git-log                                 mainporcelain common
+git-log                                 mainporcelain           info
 git-ls-files                            plumbinginterrogators
 git-ls-remote                           plumbinginterrogators
 git-ls-tree                             plumbinginterrogators
 git-mailinfo                            purehelpers
 git-mailsplit                           purehelpers
-git-merge                               mainporcelain common
+git-merge                               mainporcelain           history
 git-merge-base                          plumbinginterrogators
 git-merge-file                          plumbingmanipulators
 git-merge-index                         plumbingmanipulators
 git-merge-one-file                      purehelpers
-git-mergetool                           ancillarymanipulators
+git-mergetool                           ancillarymanipulators           complete
 git-merge-tree                          ancillaryinterrogators
 git-mktag                               plumbingmanipulators
 git-mktree                              plumbingmanipulators
-git-mv                                  mainporcelain common
+git-mv                                  mainporcelain           worktree
 git-name-rev                            plumbinginterrogators
 git-notes                               mainporcelain
 git-p4                                  foreignscminterface
@@ -90,41 +136,42 @@ git-parse-remote                        synchelpers
 git-patch-id                            purehelpers
 git-prune                               ancillarymanipulators
 git-prune-packed                        plumbingmanipulators
-git-pull                                mainporcelain common
-git-push                                mainporcelain common
+git-pull                                mainporcelain           remote
+git-push                                mainporcelain           remote
 git-quiltimport                         foreignscminterface
+git-range-diff                          mainporcelain
 git-read-tree                           plumbingmanipulators
-git-rebase                              mainporcelain common
+git-rebase                              mainporcelain           history
 git-receive-pack                        synchelpers
-git-reflog                              ancillarymanipulators
-git-relink                              ancillarymanipulators
-git-remote                              ancillarymanipulators
-git-repack                              ancillarymanipulators
-git-replace                             ancillarymanipulators
-git-request-pull                        foreignscminterface
+git-reflog                              ancillarymanipulators           complete
+git-remote                              ancillarymanipulators           complete
+git-repack                              ancillarymanipulators           complete
+git-replace                             ancillarymanipulators           complete
+git-request-pull                        foreignscminterface             complete
 git-rerere                              ancillaryinterrogators
-git-reset                               mainporcelain common
+git-reset                               mainporcelain           worktree
 git-revert                              mainporcelain
 git-rev-list                            plumbinginterrogators
 git-rev-parse                           ancillaryinterrogators
-git-rm                                  mainporcelain common
-git-send-email                          foreignscminterface
+git-rm                                  mainporcelain           worktree
+git-send-email                          foreignscminterface             complete
 git-send-pack                           synchingrepositories
 git-shell                               synchelpers
 git-shortlog                            mainporcelain
-git-show                                mainporcelain common
-git-show-branch                         ancillaryinterrogators
+git-show                                mainporcelain           info
+git-show-branch                         ancillaryinterrogators          complete
 git-show-index                          plumbinginterrogators
 git-show-ref                            plumbinginterrogators
 git-sh-i18n                             purehelpers
 git-sh-setup                            purehelpers
 git-stash                               mainporcelain
-git-status                              mainporcelain common
+git-stage                                                               complete
+git-status                              mainporcelain           info
 git-stripspace                          purehelpers
 git-submodule                           mainporcelain
 git-svn                                 foreignscminterface
 git-symbolic-ref                        plumbingmanipulators
-git-tag                                 mainporcelain common
+git-tag                                 mainporcelain           history
 git-unpack-file                         plumbinginterrogators
 git-unpack-objects                      plumbingmanipulators
 git-update-index                        plumbingmanipulators
@@ -137,5 +184,22 @@ git-verify-commit                       ancillaryinterrogators
 git-verify-pack                         plumbinginterrogators
 git-verify-tag                          ancillaryinterrogators
 gitweb                                  ancillaryinterrogators
-git-whatchanged                         ancillaryinterrogators
+git-whatchanged                         ancillaryinterrogators          complete
+git-worktree                            mainporcelain
 git-write-tree                          plumbingmanipulators
+gitattributes                           guide
+gitcli                                  guide
+gitcore-tutorial                        guide
+gitcvs-migration                        guide
+gitdiffcore                             guide
+giteveryday                             guide
+gitglossary                             guide
+githooks                                guide
+gitignore                               guide
+gitmodules                              guide
+gitnamespaces                           guide
+gitrepository-layout                    guide
+gitrevisions                            guide
+gittutorial-2                           guide
+gittutorial                             guide
+gitworkflows                            guide
diff --git a/commit-graph.c b/commit-graph.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8a1bec7b8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commit-graph.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1043 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "lockfile.h"
+#include "pack.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "object.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "sha1-lookup.h"
+#include "commit-graph.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "alloc.h"
+
+#define GRAPH_SIGNATURE 0x43475048 /* "CGPH" */
+#define GRAPH_CHUNKID_OIDFANOUT 0x4f494446 /* "OIDF" */
+#define GRAPH_CHUNKID_OIDLOOKUP 0x4f49444c /* "OIDL" */
+#define GRAPH_CHUNKID_DATA 0x43444154 /* "CDAT" */
+#define GRAPH_CHUNKID_LARGEEDGES 0x45444745 /* "EDGE" */
+
+#define GRAPH_DATA_WIDTH 36
+
+#define GRAPH_VERSION_1 0x1
+#define GRAPH_VERSION GRAPH_VERSION_1
+
+#define GRAPH_OID_VERSION_SHA1 1
+#define GRAPH_OID_LEN_SHA1 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ
+#define GRAPH_OID_VERSION GRAPH_OID_VERSION_SHA1
+#define GRAPH_OID_LEN GRAPH_OID_LEN_SHA1
+
+#define GRAPH_OCTOPUS_EDGES_NEEDED 0x80000000
+#define GRAPH_PARENT_MISSING 0x7fffffff
+#define GRAPH_EDGE_LAST_MASK 0x7fffffff
+#define GRAPH_PARENT_NONE 0x70000000
+
+#define GRAPH_LAST_EDGE 0x80000000
+
+#define GRAPH_HEADER_SIZE 8
+#define GRAPH_FANOUT_SIZE (4 * 256)
+#define GRAPH_CHUNKLOOKUP_WIDTH 12
+#define GRAPH_MIN_SIZE (GRAPH_HEADER_SIZE + 4 * GRAPH_CHUNKLOOKUP_WIDTH \
+			+ GRAPH_FANOUT_SIZE + GRAPH_OID_LEN)
+
+char *get_commit_graph_filename(const char *obj_dir)
+{
+	return xstrfmt("%s/info/commit-graph", obj_dir);
+}
+
+static struct commit_graph *alloc_commit_graph(void)
+{
+	struct commit_graph *g = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*g));
+	g->graph_fd = -1;
+
+	return g;
+}
+
+struct commit_graph *load_commit_graph_one(const char *graph_file)
+{
+	void *graph_map;
+	const unsigned char *data, *chunk_lookup;
+	size_t graph_size;
+	struct stat st;
+	uint32_t i;
+	struct commit_graph *graph;
+	int fd = git_open(graph_file);
+	uint64_t last_chunk_offset;
+	uint32_t last_chunk_id;
+	uint32_t graph_signature;
+	unsigned char graph_version, hash_version;
+
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return NULL;
+	if (fstat(fd, &st)) {
+		close(fd);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	graph_size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
+
+	if (graph_size < GRAPH_MIN_SIZE) {
+		close(fd);
+		die(_("graph file %s is too small"), graph_file);
+	}
+	graph_map = xmmap(NULL, graph_size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
+	data = (const unsigned char *)graph_map;
+
+	graph_signature = get_be32(data);
+	if (graph_signature != GRAPH_SIGNATURE) {
+		error(_("graph signature %X does not match signature %X"),
+		      graph_signature, GRAPH_SIGNATURE);
+		goto cleanup_fail;
+	}
+
+	graph_version = *(unsigned char*)(data + 4);
+	if (graph_version != GRAPH_VERSION) {
+		error(_("graph version %X does not match version %X"),
+		      graph_version, GRAPH_VERSION);
+		goto cleanup_fail;
+	}
+
+	hash_version = *(unsigned char*)(data + 5);
+	if (hash_version != GRAPH_OID_VERSION) {
+		error(_("hash version %X does not match version %X"),
+		      hash_version, GRAPH_OID_VERSION);
+		goto cleanup_fail;
+	}
+
+	graph = alloc_commit_graph();
+
+	graph->hash_len = GRAPH_OID_LEN;
+	graph->num_chunks = *(unsigned char*)(data + 6);
+	graph->graph_fd = fd;
+	graph->data = graph_map;
+	graph->data_len = graph_size;
+
+	last_chunk_id = 0;
+	last_chunk_offset = 8;
+	chunk_lookup = data + 8;
+	for (i = 0; i < graph->num_chunks; i++) {
+		uint32_t chunk_id = get_be32(chunk_lookup + 0);
+		uint64_t chunk_offset = get_be64(chunk_lookup + 4);
+		int chunk_repeated = 0;
+
+		chunk_lookup += GRAPH_CHUNKLOOKUP_WIDTH;
+
+		if (chunk_offset > graph_size - GIT_MAX_RAWSZ) {
+			error(_("improper chunk offset %08x%08x"), (uint32_t)(chunk_offset >> 32),
+			      (uint32_t)chunk_offset);
+			goto cleanup_fail;
+		}
+
+		switch (chunk_id) {
+		case GRAPH_CHUNKID_OIDFANOUT:
+			if (graph->chunk_oid_fanout)
+				chunk_repeated = 1;
+			else
+				graph->chunk_oid_fanout = (uint32_t*)(data + chunk_offset);
+			break;
+
+		case GRAPH_CHUNKID_OIDLOOKUP:
+			if (graph->chunk_oid_lookup)
+				chunk_repeated = 1;
+			else
+				graph->chunk_oid_lookup = data + chunk_offset;
+			break;
+
+		case GRAPH_CHUNKID_DATA:
+			if (graph->chunk_commit_data)
+				chunk_repeated = 1;
+			else
+				graph->chunk_commit_data = data + chunk_offset;
+			break;
+
+		case GRAPH_CHUNKID_LARGEEDGES:
+			if (graph->chunk_large_edges)
+				chunk_repeated = 1;
+			else
+				graph->chunk_large_edges = data + chunk_offset;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (chunk_repeated) {
+			error(_("chunk id %08x appears multiple times"), chunk_id);
+			goto cleanup_fail;
+		}
+
+		if (last_chunk_id == GRAPH_CHUNKID_OIDLOOKUP)
+		{
+			graph->num_commits = (chunk_offset - last_chunk_offset)
+					     / graph->hash_len;
+		}
+
+		last_chunk_id = chunk_id;
+		last_chunk_offset = chunk_offset;
+	}
+
+	return graph;
+
+cleanup_fail:
+	munmap(graph_map, graph_size);
+	close(fd);
+	exit(1);
+}
+
+static void prepare_commit_graph_one(struct repository *r, const char *obj_dir)
+{
+	char *graph_name;
+
+	if (r->objects->commit_graph)
+		return;
+
+	graph_name = get_commit_graph_filename(obj_dir);
+	r->objects->commit_graph =
+		load_commit_graph_one(graph_name);
+
+	FREE_AND_NULL(graph_name);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return 1 if commit_graph is non-NULL, and 0 otherwise.
+ *
+ * On the first invocation, this function attemps to load the commit
+ * graph if the_repository is configured to have one.
+ */
+static int prepare_commit_graph(struct repository *r)
+{
+	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
+	char *obj_dir;
+	int config_value;
+
+	if (r->objects->commit_graph_attempted)
+		return !!r->objects->commit_graph;
+	r->objects->commit_graph_attempted = 1;
+
+	if (repo_config_get_bool(r, "core.commitgraph", &config_value) ||
+	    !config_value)
+		/*
+		 * This repository is not configured to use commit graphs, so
+		 * do not load one. (But report commit_graph_attempted anyway
+		 * so that commit graph loading is not attempted again for this
+		 * repository.)
+		 */
+		return 0;
+
+	obj_dir = r->objects->objectdir;
+	prepare_commit_graph_one(r, obj_dir);
+	prepare_alt_odb(r);
+	for (alt = r->objects->alt_odb_list;
+	     !r->objects->commit_graph && alt;
+	     alt = alt->next)
+		prepare_commit_graph_one(r, alt->path);
+	return !!r->objects->commit_graph;
+}
+
+static void close_commit_graph(void)
+{
+	free_commit_graph(the_repository->objects->commit_graph);
+	the_repository->objects->commit_graph = NULL;
+}
+
+static int bsearch_graph(struct commit_graph *g, struct object_id *oid, uint32_t *pos)
+{
+	return bsearch_hash(oid->hash, g->chunk_oid_fanout,
+			    g->chunk_oid_lookup, g->hash_len, pos);
+}
+
+static struct commit_list **insert_parent_or_die(struct commit_graph *g,
+						 uint64_t pos,
+						 struct commit_list **pptr)
+{
+	struct commit *c;
+	struct object_id oid;
+
+	if (pos >= g->num_commits)
+		die("invalid parent position %"PRIu64, pos);
+
+	hashcpy(oid.hash, g->chunk_oid_lookup + g->hash_len * pos);
+	c = lookup_commit(the_repository, &oid);
+	if (!c)
+		die(_("could not find commit %s"), oid_to_hex(&oid));
+	c->graph_pos = pos;
+	return &commit_list_insert(c, pptr)->next;
+}
+
+static void fill_commit_graph_info(struct commit *item, struct commit_graph *g, uint32_t pos)
+{
+	const unsigned char *commit_data = g->chunk_commit_data + GRAPH_DATA_WIDTH * pos;
+	item->graph_pos = pos;
+	item->generation = get_be32(commit_data + g->hash_len + 8) >> 2;
+}
+
+static int fill_commit_in_graph(struct commit *item, struct commit_graph *g, uint32_t pos)
+{
+	uint32_t edge_value;
+	uint32_t *parent_data_ptr;
+	uint64_t date_low, date_high;
+	struct commit_list **pptr;
+	const unsigned char *commit_data = g->chunk_commit_data + (g->hash_len + 16) * pos;
+
+	item->object.parsed = 1;
+	item->graph_pos = pos;
+
+	item->maybe_tree = NULL;
+
+	date_high = get_be32(commit_data + g->hash_len + 8) & 0x3;
+	date_low = get_be32(commit_data + g->hash_len + 12);
+	item->date = (timestamp_t)((date_high << 32) | date_low);
+
+	item->generation = get_be32(commit_data + g->hash_len + 8) >> 2;
+
+	pptr = &item->parents;
+
+	edge_value = get_be32(commit_data + g->hash_len);
+	if (edge_value == GRAPH_PARENT_NONE)
+		return 1;
+	pptr = insert_parent_or_die(g, edge_value, pptr);
+
+	edge_value = get_be32(commit_data + g->hash_len + 4);
+	if (edge_value == GRAPH_PARENT_NONE)
+		return 1;
+	if (!(edge_value & GRAPH_OCTOPUS_EDGES_NEEDED)) {
+		pptr = insert_parent_or_die(g, edge_value, pptr);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	parent_data_ptr = (uint32_t*)(g->chunk_large_edges +
+			  4 * (uint64_t)(edge_value & GRAPH_EDGE_LAST_MASK));
+	do {
+		edge_value = get_be32(parent_data_ptr);
+		pptr = insert_parent_or_die(g,
+					    edge_value & GRAPH_EDGE_LAST_MASK,
+					    pptr);
+		parent_data_ptr++;
+	} while (!(edge_value & GRAPH_LAST_EDGE));
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int find_commit_in_graph(struct commit *item, struct commit_graph *g, uint32_t *pos)
+{
+	if (item->graph_pos != COMMIT_NOT_FROM_GRAPH) {
+		*pos = item->graph_pos;
+		return 1;
+	} else {
+		return bsearch_graph(g, &(item->object.oid), pos);
+	}
+}
+
+static int parse_commit_in_graph_one(struct commit_graph *g, struct commit *item)
+{
+	uint32_t pos;
+
+	if (item->object.parsed)
+		return 1;
+
+	if (find_commit_in_graph(item, g, &pos))
+		return fill_commit_in_graph(item, g, pos);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int parse_commit_in_graph(struct repository *r, struct commit *item)
+{
+	if (!prepare_commit_graph(r))
+		return 0;
+	return parse_commit_in_graph_one(r->objects->commit_graph, item);
+}
+
+void load_commit_graph_info(struct repository *r, struct commit *item)
+{
+	uint32_t pos;
+	if (!prepare_commit_graph(r))
+		return;
+	if (find_commit_in_graph(item, r->objects->commit_graph, &pos))
+		fill_commit_graph_info(item, r->objects->commit_graph, pos);
+}
+
+static struct tree *load_tree_for_commit(struct commit_graph *g, struct commit *c)
+{
+	struct object_id oid;
+	const unsigned char *commit_data = g->chunk_commit_data +
+					   GRAPH_DATA_WIDTH * (c->graph_pos);
+
+	hashcpy(oid.hash, commit_data);
+	c->maybe_tree = lookup_tree(the_repository, &oid);
+
+	return c->maybe_tree;
+}
+
+static struct tree *get_commit_tree_in_graph_one(struct commit_graph *g,
+						 const struct commit *c)
+{
+	if (c->maybe_tree)
+		return c->maybe_tree;
+	if (c->graph_pos == COMMIT_NOT_FROM_GRAPH)
+		BUG("get_commit_tree_in_graph_one called from non-commit-graph commit");
+
+	return load_tree_for_commit(g, (struct commit *)c);
+}
+
+struct tree *get_commit_tree_in_graph(struct repository *r, const struct commit *c)
+{
+	return get_commit_tree_in_graph_one(r->objects->commit_graph, c);
+}
+
+static void write_graph_chunk_fanout(struct hashfile *f,
+				     struct commit **commits,
+				     int nr_commits)
+{
+	int i, count = 0;
+	struct commit **list = commits;
+
+	/*
+	 * Write the first-level table (the list is sorted,
+	 * but we use a 256-entry lookup to be able to avoid
+	 * having to do eight extra binary search iterations).
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+		while (count < nr_commits) {
+			if ((*list)->object.oid.hash[0] != i)
+				break;
+			count++;
+			list++;
+		}
+
+		hashwrite_be32(f, count);
+	}
+}
+
+static void write_graph_chunk_oids(struct hashfile *f, int hash_len,
+				   struct commit **commits, int nr_commits)
+{
+	struct commit **list = commits;
+	int count;
+	for (count = 0; count < nr_commits; count++, list++)
+		hashwrite(f, (*list)->object.oid.hash, (int)hash_len);
+}
+
+static const unsigned char *commit_to_sha1(size_t index, void *table)
+{
+	struct commit **commits = table;
+	return commits[index]->object.oid.hash;
+}
+
+static void write_graph_chunk_data(struct hashfile *f, int hash_len,
+				   struct commit **commits, int nr_commits)
+{
+	struct commit **list = commits;
+	struct commit **last = commits + nr_commits;
+	uint32_t num_extra_edges = 0;
+
+	while (list < last) {
+		struct commit_list *parent;
+		int edge_value;
+		uint32_t packedDate[2];
+
+		parse_commit(*list);
+		hashwrite(f, get_commit_tree_oid(*list)->hash, hash_len);
+
+		parent = (*list)->parents;
+
+		if (!parent)
+			edge_value = GRAPH_PARENT_NONE;
+		else {
+			edge_value = sha1_pos(parent->item->object.oid.hash,
+					      commits,
+					      nr_commits,
+					      commit_to_sha1);
+
+			if (edge_value < 0)
+				edge_value = GRAPH_PARENT_MISSING;
+		}
+
+		hashwrite_be32(f, edge_value);
+
+		if (parent)
+			parent = parent->next;
+
+		if (!parent)
+			edge_value = GRAPH_PARENT_NONE;
+		else if (parent->next)
+			edge_value = GRAPH_OCTOPUS_EDGES_NEEDED | num_extra_edges;
+		else {
+			edge_value = sha1_pos(parent->item->object.oid.hash,
+					      commits,
+					      nr_commits,
+					      commit_to_sha1);
+			if (edge_value < 0)
+				edge_value = GRAPH_PARENT_MISSING;
+		}
+
+		hashwrite_be32(f, edge_value);
+
+		if (edge_value & GRAPH_OCTOPUS_EDGES_NEEDED) {
+			do {
+				num_extra_edges++;
+				parent = parent->next;
+			} while (parent);
+		}
+
+		if (sizeof((*list)->date) > 4)
+			packedDate[0] = htonl(((*list)->date >> 32) & 0x3);
+		else
+			packedDate[0] = 0;
+
+		packedDate[0] |= htonl((*list)->generation << 2);
+
+		packedDate[1] = htonl((*list)->date);
+		hashwrite(f, packedDate, 8);
+
+		list++;
+	}
+}
+
+static void write_graph_chunk_large_edges(struct hashfile *f,
+					  struct commit **commits,
+					  int nr_commits)
+{
+	struct commit **list = commits;
+	struct commit **last = commits + nr_commits;
+	struct commit_list *parent;
+
+	while (list < last) {
+		int num_parents = 0;
+		for (parent = (*list)->parents; num_parents < 3 && parent;
+		     parent = parent->next)
+			num_parents++;
+
+		if (num_parents <= 2) {
+			list++;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* Since num_parents > 2, this initializer is safe. */
+		for (parent = (*list)->parents->next; parent; parent = parent->next) {
+			int edge_value = sha1_pos(parent->item->object.oid.hash,
+						  commits,
+						  nr_commits,
+						  commit_to_sha1);
+
+			if (edge_value < 0)
+				edge_value = GRAPH_PARENT_MISSING;
+			else if (!parent->next)
+				edge_value |= GRAPH_LAST_EDGE;
+
+			hashwrite_be32(f, edge_value);
+		}
+
+		list++;
+	}
+}
+
+static int commit_compare(const void *_a, const void *_b)
+{
+	const struct object_id *a = (const struct object_id *)_a;
+	const struct object_id *b = (const struct object_id *)_b;
+	return oidcmp(a, b);
+}
+
+struct packed_commit_list {
+	struct commit **list;
+	int nr;
+	int alloc;
+};
+
+struct packed_oid_list {
+	struct object_id *list;
+	int nr;
+	int alloc;
+};
+
+static int add_packed_commits(const struct object_id *oid,
+			      struct packed_git *pack,
+			      uint32_t pos,
+			      void *data)
+{
+	struct packed_oid_list *list = (struct packed_oid_list*)data;
+	enum object_type type;
+	off_t offset = nth_packed_object_offset(pack, pos);
+	struct object_info oi = OBJECT_INFO_INIT;
+
+	oi.typep = &type;
+	if (packed_object_info(the_repository, pack, offset, &oi) < 0)
+		die(_("unable to get type of object %s"), oid_to_hex(oid));
+
+	if (type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+		return 0;
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(list->list, list->nr + 1, list->alloc);
+	oidcpy(&(list->list[list->nr]), oid);
+	list->nr++;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void add_missing_parents(struct packed_oid_list *oids, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct commit_list *parent;
+	for (parent = commit->parents; parent; parent = parent->next) {
+		if (!(parent->item->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)) {
+			ALLOC_GROW(oids->list, oids->nr + 1, oids->alloc);
+			oidcpy(&oids->list[oids->nr], &(parent->item->object.oid));
+			oids->nr++;
+			parent->item->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void close_reachable(struct packed_oid_list *oids)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct commit *commit;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < oids->nr; i++) {
+		commit = lookup_commit(the_repository, &oids->list[i]);
+		if (commit)
+			commit->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * As this loop runs, oids->nr may grow, but not more
+	 * than the number of missing commits in the reachable
+	 * closure.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < oids->nr; i++) {
+		commit = lookup_commit(the_repository, &oids->list[i]);
+
+		if (commit && !parse_commit(commit))
+			add_missing_parents(oids, commit);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < oids->nr; i++) {
+		commit = lookup_commit(the_repository, &oids->list[i]);
+
+		if (commit)
+			commit->object.flags &= ~UNINTERESTING;
+	}
+}
+
+static void compute_generation_numbers(struct packed_commit_list* commits)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct commit_list *list = NULL;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < commits->nr; i++) {
+		if (commits->list[i]->generation != GENERATION_NUMBER_INFINITY &&
+		    commits->list[i]->generation != GENERATION_NUMBER_ZERO)
+			continue;
+
+		commit_list_insert(commits->list[i], &list);
+		while (list) {
+			struct commit *current = list->item;
+			struct commit_list *parent;
+			int all_parents_computed = 1;
+			uint32_t max_generation = 0;
+
+			for (parent = current->parents; parent; parent = parent->next) {
+				if (parent->item->generation == GENERATION_NUMBER_INFINITY ||
+				    parent->item->generation == GENERATION_NUMBER_ZERO) {
+					all_parents_computed = 0;
+					commit_list_insert(parent->item, &list);
+					break;
+				} else if (parent->item->generation > max_generation) {
+					max_generation = parent->item->generation;
+				}
+			}
+
+			if (all_parents_computed) {
+				current->generation = max_generation + 1;
+				pop_commit(&list);
+
+				if (current->generation > GENERATION_NUMBER_MAX)
+					current->generation = GENERATION_NUMBER_MAX;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static int add_ref_to_list(const char *refname,
+			   const struct object_id *oid,
+			   int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct string_list *list = (struct string_list *)cb_data;
+
+	string_list_append(list, oid_to_hex(oid));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void write_commit_graph_reachable(const char *obj_dir, int append)
+{
+	struct string_list list;
+
+	string_list_init(&list, 1);
+	for_each_ref(add_ref_to_list, &list);
+	write_commit_graph(obj_dir, NULL, &list, append);
+}
+
+void write_commit_graph(const char *obj_dir,
+			struct string_list *pack_indexes,
+			struct string_list *commit_hex,
+			int append)
+{
+	struct packed_oid_list oids;
+	struct packed_commit_list commits;
+	struct hashfile *f;
+	uint32_t i, count_distinct = 0;
+	char *graph_name;
+	struct lock_file lk = LOCK_INIT;
+	uint32_t chunk_ids[5];
+	uint64_t chunk_offsets[5];
+	int num_chunks;
+	int num_extra_edges;
+	struct commit_list *parent;
+
+	oids.nr = 0;
+	oids.alloc = approximate_object_count() / 4;
+
+	if (append) {
+		prepare_commit_graph_one(the_repository, obj_dir);
+		if (the_repository->objects->commit_graph)
+			oids.alloc += the_repository->objects->commit_graph->num_commits;
+	}
+
+	if (oids.alloc < 1024)
+		oids.alloc = 1024;
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(oids.list, oids.alloc);
+
+	if (append && the_repository->objects->commit_graph) {
+		struct commit_graph *commit_graph =
+			the_repository->objects->commit_graph;
+		for (i = 0; i < commit_graph->num_commits; i++) {
+			const unsigned char *hash = commit_graph->chunk_oid_lookup +
+				commit_graph->hash_len * i;
+			hashcpy(oids.list[oids.nr++].hash, hash);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (pack_indexes) {
+		struct strbuf packname = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int dirlen;
+		strbuf_addf(&packname, "%s/pack/", obj_dir);
+		dirlen = packname.len;
+		for (i = 0; i < pack_indexes->nr; i++) {
+			struct packed_git *p;
+			strbuf_setlen(&packname, dirlen);
+			strbuf_addstr(&packname, pack_indexes->items[i].string);
+			p = add_packed_git(packname.buf, packname.len, 1);
+			if (!p)
+				die(_("error adding pack %s"), packname.buf);
+			if (open_pack_index(p))
+				die(_("error opening index for %s"), packname.buf);
+			for_each_object_in_pack(p, add_packed_commits, &oids, 0);
+			close_pack(p);
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&packname);
+	}
+
+	if (commit_hex) {
+		for (i = 0; i < commit_hex->nr; i++) {
+			const char *end;
+			struct object_id oid;
+			struct commit *result;
+
+			if (commit_hex->items[i].string &&
+			    parse_oid_hex(commit_hex->items[i].string, &oid, &end))
+				continue;
+
+			result = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, &oid, 1);
+
+			if (result) {
+				ALLOC_GROW(oids.list, oids.nr + 1, oids.alloc);
+				oidcpy(&oids.list[oids.nr], &(result->object.oid));
+				oids.nr++;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!pack_indexes && !commit_hex)
+		for_each_packed_object(add_packed_commits, &oids, 0);
+
+	close_reachable(&oids);
+
+	QSORT(oids.list, oids.nr, commit_compare);
+
+	count_distinct = 1;
+	for (i = 1; i < oids.nr; i++) {
+		if (oidcmp(&oids.list[i-1], &oids.list[i]))
+			count_distinct++;
+	}
+
+	if (count_distinct >= GRAPH_PARENT_MISSING)
+		die(_("the commit graph format cannot write %d commits"), count_distinct);
+
+	commits.nr = 0;
+	commits.alloc = count_distinct;
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(commits.list, commits.alloc);
+
+	num_extra_edges = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < oids.nr; i++) {
+		int num_parents = 0;
+		if (i > 0 && !oidcmp(&oids.list[i-1], &oids.list[i]))
+			continue;
+
+		commits.list[commits.nr] = lookup_commit(the_repository, &oids.list[i]);
+		parse_commit(commits.list[commits.nr]);
+
+		for (parent = commits.list[commits.nr]->parents;
+		     parent; parent = parent->next)
+			num_parents++;
+
+		if (num_parents > 2)
+			num_extra_edges += num_parents - 1;
+
+		commits.nr++;
+	}
+	num_chunks = num_extra_edges ? 4 : 3;
+
+	if (commits.nr >= GRAPH_PARENT_MISSING)
+		die(_("too many commits to write graph"));
+
+	compute_generation_numbers(&commits);
+
+	graph_name = get_commit_graph_filename(obj_dir);
+	if (safe_create_leading_directories(graph_name))
+		die_errno(_("unable to create leading directories of %s"),
+			  graph_name);
+
+	hold_lock_file_for_update(&lk, graph_name, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	f = hashfd(lk.tempfile->fd, lk.tempfile->filename.buf);
+
+	hashwrite_be32(f, GRAPH_SIGNATURE);
+
+	hashwrite_u8(f, GRAPH_VERSION);
+	hashwrite_u8(f, GRAPH_OID_VERSION);
+	hashwrite_u8(f, num_chunks);
+	hashwrite_u8(f, 0); /* unused padding byte */
+
+	chunk_ids[0] = GRAPH_CHUNKID_OIDFANOUT;
+	chunk_ids[1] = GRAPH_CHUNKID_OIDLOOKUP;
+	chunk_ids[2] = GRAPH_CHUNKID_DATA;
+	if (num_extra_edges)
+		chunk_ids[3] = GRAPH_CHUNKID_LARGEEDGES;
+	else
+		chunk_ids[3] = 0;
+	chunk_ids[4] = 0;
+
+	chunk_offsets[0] = 8 + (num_chunks + 1) * GRAPH_CHUNKLOOKUP_WIDTH;
+	chunk_offsets[1] = chunk_offsets[0] + GRAPH_FANOUT_SIZE;
+	chunk_offsets[2] = chunk_offsets[1] + GRAPH_OID_LEN * commits.nr;
+	chunk_offsets[3] = chunk_offsets[2] + (GRAPH_OID_LEN + 16) * commits.nr;
+	chunk_offsets[4] = chunk_offsets[3] + 4 * num_extra_edges;
+
+	for (i = 0; i <= num_chunks; i++) {
+		uint32_t chunk_write[3];
+
+		chunk_write[0] = htonl(chunk_ids[i]);
+		chunk_write[1] = htonl(chunk_offsets[i] >> 32);
+		chunk_write[2] = htonl(chunk_offsets[i] & 0xffffffff);
+		hashwrite(f, chunk_write, 12);
+	}
+
+	write_graph_chunk_fanout(f, commits.list, commits.nr);
+	write_graph_chunk_oids(f, GRAPH_OID_LEN, commits.list, commits.nr);
+	write_graph_chunk_data(f, GRAPH_OID_LEN, commits.list, commits.nr);
+	write_graph_chunk_large_edges(f, commits.list, commits.nr);
+
+	close_commit_graph();
+	finalize_hashfile(f, NULL, CSUM_HASH_IN_STREAM | CSUM_FSYNC);
+	commit_lock_file(&lk);
+
+	free(oids.list);
+	oids.alloc = 0;
+	oids.nr = 0;
+}
+
+#define VERIFY_COMMIT_GRAPH_ERROR_HASH 2
+static int verify_commit_graph_error;
+
+static void graph_report(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+
+	verify_commit_graph_error = 1;
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
+	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+
+#define GENERATION_ZERO_EXISTS 1
+#define GENERATION_NUMBER_EXISTS 2
+
+int verify_commit_graph(struct repository *r, struct commit_graph *g)
+{
+	uint32_t i, cur_fanout_pos = 0;
+	struct object_id prev_oid, cur_oid, checksum;
+	int generation_zero = 0;
+	struct hashfile *f;
+	int devnull;
+
+	if (!g) {
+		graph_report("no commit-graph file loaded");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	verify_commit_graph_error = 0;
+
+	if (!g->chunk_oid_fanout)
+		graph_report("commit-graph is missing the OID Fanout chunk");
+	if (!g->chunk_oid_lookup)
+		graph_report("commit-graph is missing the OID Lookup chunk");
+	if (!g->chunk_commit_data)
+		graph_report("commit-graph is missing the Commit Data chunk");
+
+	if (verify_commit_graph_error)
+		return verify_commit_graph_error;
+
+	devnull = open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY);
+	f = hashfd(devnull, NULL);
+	hashwrite(f, g->data, g->data_len - g->hash_len);
+	finalize_hashfile(f, checksum.hash, CSUM_CLOSE);
+	if (hashcmp(checksum.hash, g->data + g->data_len - g->hash_len)) {
+		graph_report(_("the commit-graph file has incorrect checksum and is likely corrupt"));
+		verify_commit_graph_error = VERIFY_COMMIT_GRAPH_ERROR_HASH;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < g->num_commits; i++) {
+		struct commit *graph_commit;
+
+		hashcpy(cur_oid.hash, g->chunk_oid_lookup + g->hash_len * i);
+
+		if (i && oidcmp(&prev_oid, &cur_oid) >= 0)
+			graph_report("commit-graph has incorrect OID order: %s then %s",
+				     oid_to_hex(&prev_oid),
+				     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid));
+
+		oidcpy(&prev_oid, &cur_oid);
+
+		while (cur_oid.hash[0] > cur_fanout_pos) {
+			uint32_t fanout_value = get_be32(g->chunk_oid_fanout + cur_fanout_pos);
+
+			if (i != fanout_value)
+				graph_report("commit-graph has incorrect fanout value: fanout[%d] = %u != %u",
+					     cur_fanout_pos, fanout_value, i);
+			cur_fanout_pos++;
+		}
+
+		graph_commit = lookup_commit(r, &cur_oid);
+		if (!parse_commit_in_graph_one(g, graph_commit))
+			graph_report("failed to parse %s from commit-graph",
+				     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid));
+	}
+
+	while (cur_fanout_pos < 256) {
+		uint32_t fanout_value = get_be32(g->chunk_oid_fanout + cur_fanout_pos);
+
+		if (g->num_commits != fanout_value)
+			graph_report("commit-graph has incorrect fanout value: fanout[%d] = %u != %u",
+				     cur_fanout_pos, fanout_value, i);
+
+		cur_fanout_pos++;
+	}
+
+	if (verify_commit_graph_error & ~VERIFY_COMMIT_GRAPH_ERROR_HASH)
+		return verify_commit_graph_error;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < g->num_commits; i++) {
+		struct commit *graph_commit, *odb_commit;
+		struct commit_list *graph_parents, *odb_parents;
+		uint32_t max_generation = 0;
+
+		hashcpy(cur_oid.hash, g->chunk_oid_lookup + g->hash_len * i);
+
+		graph_commit = lookup_commit(r, &cur_oid);
+		odb_commit = (struct commit *)create_object(r, cur_oid.hash, alloc_commit_node(r));
+		if (parse_commit_internal(odb_commit, 0, 0)) {
+			graph_report("failed to parse %s from object database",
+				     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid));
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (oidcmp(&get_commit_tree_in_graph_one(g, graph_commit)->object.oid,
+			   get_commit_tree_oid(odb_commit)))
+			graph_report("root tree OID for commit %s in commit-graph is %s != %s",
+				     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid),
+				     oid_to_hex(get_commit_tree_oid(graph_commit)),
+				     oid_to_hex(get_commit_tree_oid(odb_commit)));
+
+		graph_parents = graph_commit->parents;
+		odb_parents = odb_commit->parents;
+
+		while (graph_parents) {
+			if (odb_parents == NULL) {
+				graph_report("commit-graph parent list for commit %s is too long",
+					     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid));
+				break;
+			}
+
+			if (oidcmp(&graph_parents->item->object.oid, &odb_parents->item->object.oid))
+				graph_report("commit-graph parent for %s is %s != %s",
+					     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid),
+					     oid_to_hex(&graph_parents->item->object.oid),
+					     oid_to_hex(&odb_parents->item->object.oid));
+
+			if (graph_parents->item->generation > max_generation)
+				max_generation = graph_parents->item->generation;
+
+			graph_parents = graph_parents->next;
+			odb_parents = odb_parents->next;
+		}
+
+		if (odb_parents != NULL)
+			graph_report("commit-graph parent list for commit %s terminates early",
+				     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid));
+
+		if (!graph_commit->generation) {
+			if (generation_zero == GENERATION_NUMBER_EXISTS)
+				graph_report("commit-graph has generation number zero for commit %s, but non-zero elsewhere",
+					     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid));
+			generation_zero = GENERATION_ZERO_EXISTS;
+		} else if (generation_zero == GENERATION_ZERO_EXISTS)
+			graph_report("commit-graph has non-zero generation number for commit %s, but zero elsewhere",
+				     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid));
+
+		if (generation_zero == GENERATION_ZERO_EXISTS)
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * If one of our parents has generation GENERATION_NUMBER_MAX, then
+		 * our generation is also GENERATION_NUMBER_MAX. Decrement to avoid
+		 * extra logic in the following condition.
+		 */
+		if (max_generation == GENERATION_NUMBER_MAX)
+			max_generation--;
+
+		if (graph_commit->generation != max_generation + 1)
+			graph_report("commit-graph generation for commit %s is %u != %u",
+				     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid),
+				     graph_commit->generation,
+				     max_generation + 1);
+
+		if (graph_commit->date != odb_commit->date)
+			graph_report("commit date for commit %s in commit-graph is %"PRItime" != %"PRItime,
+				     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid),
+				     graph_commit->date,
+				     odb_commit->date);
+	}
+
+	return verify_commit_graph_error;
+}
+
+void free_commit_graph(struct commit_graph *g)
+{
+	if (!g)
+		return;
+	if (g->graph_fd >= 0) {
+		munmap((void *)g->data, g->data_len);
+		g->data = NULL;
+		close(g->graph_fd);
+	}
+	free(g);
+}
diff --git a/commit-graph.h b/commit-graph.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eea62f8c0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commit-graph.h
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#ifndef COMMIT_GRAPH_H
+#define COMMIT_GRAPH_H
+
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+
+struct commit;
+
+char *get_commit_graph_filename(const char *obj_dir);
+
+/*
+ * Given a commit struct, try to fill the commit struct info, including:
+ *  1. tree object
+ *  2. date
+ *  3. parents.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if and only if the commit was found in the packed graph.
+ *
+ * See parse_commit_buffer() for the fallback after this call.
+ */
+int parse_commit_in_graph(struct repository *r, struct commit *item);
+
+/*
+ * It is possible that we loaded commit contents from the commit buffer,
+ * but we also want to ensure the commit-graph content is correctly
+ * checked and filled. Fill the graph_pos and generation members of
+ * the given commit.
+ */
+void load_commit_graph_info(struct repository *r, struct commit *item);
+
+struct tree *get_commit_tree_in_graph(struct repository *r,
+				      const struct commit *c);
+
+struct commit_graph {
+	int graph_fd;
+
+	const unsigned char *data;
+	size_t data_len;
+
+	unsigned char hash_len;
+	unsigned char num_chunks;
+	uint32_t num_commits;
+	struct object_id oid;
+
+	const uint32_t *chunk_oid_fanout;
+	const unsigned char *chunk_oid_lookup;
+	const unsigned char *chunk_commit_data;
+	const unsigned char *chunk_large_edges;
+};
+
+struct commit_graph *load_commit_graph_one(const char *graph_file);
+
+void write_commit_graph_reachable(const char *obj_dir, int append);
+void write_commit_graph(const char *obj_dir,
+			struct string_list *pack_indexes,
+			struct string_list *commit_hex,
+			int append);
+
+int verify_commit_graph(struct repository *r, struct commit_graph *g);
+
+void free_commit_graph(struct commit_graph *);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/commit-slab-decl.h b/commit-slab-decl.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..adc7b46c83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commit-slab-decl.h
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#ifndef COMMIT_SLAB_HDR_H
+#define COMMIT_SLAB_HDR_H
+
+/* allocate ~512kB at once, allowing for malloc overhead */
+#ifndef COMMIT_SLAB_SIZE
+#define COMMIT_SLAB_SIZE (512*1024-32)
+#endif
+
+#define declare_commit_slab(slabname, elemtype) 			\
+									\
+struct slabname {							\
+	unsigned slab_size;						\
+	unsigned stride;						\
+	unsigned slab_count;						\
+	elemtype **slab;						\
+}
+
+/*
+ * Statically initialize a commit slab named "var". Note that this
+ * evaluates "stride" multiple times! Example:
+ *
+ *   struct indegree indegrees = COMMIT_SLAB_INIT(1, indegrees);
+ *
+ */
+#define COMMIT_SLAB_INIT(stride, var) { \
+	COMMIT_SLAB_SIZE / sizeof(**((var).slab)) / (stride), \
+	(stride), 0, NULL \
+}
+
+#define declare_commit_slab_prototypes(slabname, elemtype)		\
+									\
+void init_ ##slabname## _with_stride(struct slabname *s, unsigned stride); \
+void init_ ##slabname(struct slabname *s);				\
+void clear_ ##slabname(struct slabname *s);				\
+elemtype *slabname## _at_peek(struct slabname *s, const struct commit *c, int add_if_missing); \
+elemtype *slabname## _at(struct slabname *s, const struct commit *c);	\
+elemtype *slabname## _peek(struct slabname *s, const struct commit *c)
+
+#define define_shared_commit_slab(slabname, elemtype) \
+	declare_commit_slab(slabname, elemtype); \
+	declare_commit_slab_prototypes(slabname, elemtype)
+
+#endif /* COMMIT_SLAB_HDR_H */
diff --git a/commit-slab-impl.h b/commit-slab-impl.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ac1e6d409a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commit-slab-impl.h
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+#ifndef COMMIT_SLAB_IMPL_H
+#define COMMIT_SLAB_IMPL_H
+
+#define MAYBE_UNUSED __attribute__((__unused__))
+
+#define implement_static_commit_slab(slabname, elemtype) \
+	implement_commit_slab(slabname, elemtype, static MAYBE_UNUSED)
+
+#define implement_shared_commit_slab(slabname, elemtype) \
+	implement_commit_slab(slabname, elemtype, )
+
+#define implement_commit_slab(slabname, elemtype, scope)		\
+									\
+scope void init_ ##slabname## _with_stride(struct slabname *s,		\
+						   unsigned stride)	\
+{									\
+	unsigned int elem_size;						\
+	if (!stride)							\
+		stride = 1;						\
+	s->stride = stride;						\
+	elem_size = sizeof(elemtype) * stride;				\
+	s->slab_size = COMMIT_SLAB_SIZE / elem_size;			\
+	s->slab_count = 0;						\
+	s->slab = NULL;							\
+}									\
+									\
+scope void init_ ##slabname(struct slabname *s)				\
+{									\
+	init_ ##slabname## _with_stride(s, 1);				\
+}									\
+									\
+scope void clear_ ##slabname(struct slabname *s)			\
+{									\
+	unsigned int i;							\
+	for (i = 0; i < s->slab_count; i++)				\
+		free(s->slab[i]);					\
+	s->slab_count = 0;						\
+	FREE_AND_NULL(s->slab);						\
+}									\
+									\
+scope elemtype *slabname## _at_peek(struct slabname *s,			\
+						  const struct commit *c, \
+						  int add_if_missing)   \
+{									\
+	unsigned int nth_slab, nth_slot;				\
+									\
+	nth_slab = c->index / s->slab_size;				\
+	nth_slot = c->index % s->slab_size;				\
+									\
+	if (s->slab_count <= nth_slab) {				\
+		unsigned int i;						\
+		if (!add_if_missing)					\
+			return NULL;					\
+		REALLOC_ARRAY(s->slab, nth_slab + 1);			\
+		for (i = s->slab_count; i <= nth_slab; i++)		\
+			s->slab[i] = NULL;				\
+		s->slab_count = nth_slab + 1;				\
+	}								\
+	if (!s->slab[nth_slab]) {					\
+		if (!add_if_missing)					\
+			return NULL;					\
+		s->slab[nth_slab] = xcalloc(s->slab_size,		\
+					    sizeof(**s->slab) * s->stride);		\
+	}								\
+	return &s->slab[nth_slab][nth_slot * s->stride];		\
+}									\
+									\
+scope elemtype *slabname## _at(struct slabname *s,			\
+					     const struct commit *c)	\
+{									\
+	return slabname##_at_peek(s, c, 1);				\
+}									\
+									\
+scope elemtype *slabname## _peek(struct slabname *s,			\
+					     const struct commit *c)	\
+{									\
+	return slabname##_at_peek(s, c, 0);				\
+}									\
+									\
+struct slabname
+
+/*
+ * Note that this redundant forward declaration is required
+ * to allow a terminating semicolon, which makes instantiations look
+ * like function declarations.  I.e., the expansion of
+ *
+ *    implement_commit_slab(indegree, int, static);
+ *
+ * ends in 'struct indegree;'.  This would otherwise
+ * be a syntax error according (at least) to ISO C.  It's hard to
+ * catch because GCC silently parses it by default.
+ */
+
+#endif	/* COMMIT_SLAB_IMPL_H */
diff --git a/commit-slab.h b/commit-slab.h
index f37ec3831f..69bf0c807c 100644
--- a/commit-slab.h
+++ b/commit-slab.h
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 #ifndef COMMIT_SLAB_H
 #define COMMIT_SLAB_H
 
+#include "commit-slab-decl.h"
+#include "commit-slab-impl.h"
+
 /*
  * define_commit_slab(slabname, elemtype) creates boilerplate code to define
  * a new struct (struct slabname) that is used to associate a piece of data
@@ -8,14 +11,20 @@
  *
  * After including this header file, using:
  *
- * define_commit_slab(indegee, int);
+ * define_commit_slab(indegree, int);
  *
  * will let you call the following functions:
  *
  * - int *indegree_at(struct indegree *, struct commit *);
  *
  *   This function locates the data associated with the given commit in
- *   the indegree slab, and returns the pointer to it.
+ *   the indegree slab, and returns the pointer to it.  The location to
+ *   store the data is allocated as necessary.
+ *
+ * - int *indegree_peek(struct indegree *, struct commit *);
+ *
+ *   This function is similar to indegree_at(), but it will return NULL
+ *   until a call to indegree_at() was made for the commit.
  *
  * - void init_indegree(struct indegree *);
  *   void init_indegree_with_stride(struct indegree *, int);
@@ -35,97 +44,8 @@
  *   leaking memory.
  */
 
-/* allocate ~512kB at once, allowing for malloc overhead */
-#ifndef COMMIT_SLAB_SIZE
-#define COMMIT_SLAB_SIZE (512*1024-32)
-#endif
-
-#define MAYBE_UNUSED __attribute__((__unused__))
-
-#define define_commit_slab(slabname, elemtype) 				\
-									\
-struct slabname {							\
-	unsigned slab_size;						\
-	unsigned stride;						\
-	unsigned slab_count;						\
-	elemtype **slab;						\
-};									\
-static int stat_ ##slabname## realloc;					\
-									\
-static MAYBE_UNUSED void init_ ##slabname## _with_stride(struct slabname *s, \
-						   unsigned stride)	\
-{									\
-	unsigned int elem_size;						\
-	if (!stride)							\
-		stride = 1;						\
-	s->stride = stride;						\
-	elem_size = sizeof(elemtype) * stride;				\
-	s->slab_size = COMMIT_SLAB_SIZE / elem_size;			\
-	s->slab_count = 0;						\
-	s->slab = NULL;							\
-}									\
-									\
-static MAYBE_UNUSED void init_ ##slabname(struct slabname *s)		\
-{									\
-	init_ ##slabname## _with_stride(s, 1);				\
-}									\
-									\
-static MAYBE_UNUSED void clear_ ##slabname(struct slabname *s)		\
-{									\
-	int i;								\
-	for (i = 0; i < s->slab_count; i++)				\
-		free(s->slab[i]);					\
-	s->slab_count = 0;						\
-	free(s->slab);							\
-	s->slab = NULL;							\
-}									\
-									\
-static MAYBE_UNUSED elemtype *slabname## _at(struct slabname *s,	\
-				       const struct commit *c)		\
-{									\
-	int nth_slab, nth_slot;						\
-									\
-	nth_slab = c->index / s->slab_size;				\
-	nth_slot = c->index % s->slab_size;				\
-									\
-	if (s->slab_count <= nth_slab) {				\
-		int i;							\
-		REALLOC_ARRAY(s->slab, nth_slab + 1);			\
-		stat_ ##slabname## realloc++;				\
-		for (i = s->slab_count; i <= nth_slab; i++)		\
-			s->slab[i] = NULL;				\
-		s->slab_count = nth_slab + 1;				\
-	}								\
-	if (!s->slab[nth_slab])						\
-		s->slab[nth_slab] = xcalloc(s->slab_size,		\
-					    sizeof(**s->slab) * s->stride);		\
-	return &s->slab[nth_slab][nth_slot * s->stride];				\
-}									\
-									\
-static int stat_ ##slabname## realloc
-
-/*
- * Note that this seemingly redundant second declaration is required
- * to allow a terminating semicolon, which makes instantiations look
- * like function declarations.  I.e., the expansion of
- *
- *    define_commit_slab(indegree, int);
- *
- * ends in 'static int stat_indegreerealloc;'.  This would otherwise
- * be a syntax error according (at least) to ISO C.  It's hard to
- * catch because GCC silently parses it by default.
- */
-
-/*
- * Statically initialize a commit slab named "var". Note that this
- * evaluates "stride" multiple times! Example:
- *
- *   struct indegree indegrees = COMMIT_SLAB_INIT(1, indegrees);
- *
- */
-#define COMMIT_SLAB_INIT(stride, var) { \
-	COMMIT_SLAB_SIZE / sizeof(**((var).slab)) / (stride), \
-	(stride), 0, NULL \
-}
+#define define_commit_slab(slabname, elemtype) \
+	declare_commit_slab(slabname, elemtype); \
+	implement_static_commit_slab(slabname, elemtype)
 
 #endif /* COMMIT_SLAB_H */
diff --git a/commit.c b/commit.c
index a8c7577d28..1a6e632185 100644
--- a/commit.c
+++ b/commit.c
@@ -1,16 +1,22 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "commit.h"
+#include "commit-graph.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "notes.h"
+#include "alloc.h"
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
 #include "mergesort.h"
 #include "commit-slab.h"
 #include "prio-queue.h"
 #include "sha1-lookup.h"
+#include "wt-status.h"
+#include "advice.h"
 
 static struct commit_extra_header *read_commit_extra_header_lines(const char *buf, size_t len, const char **);
 
@@ -18,55 +24,58 @@ int save_commit_buffer = 1;
 
 const char *commit_type = "commit";
 
-struct commit *lookup_commit_reference_gently(const unsigned char *sha1,
-					      int quiet)
+struct commit *lookup_commit_reference_gently(struct repository *r,
+		const struct object_id *oid, int quiet)
 {
-	struct object *obj = deref_tag(parse_object(sha1), NULL, 0);
+	struct object *obj = deref_tag(r,
+				       parse_object(r, oid),
+				       NULL, 0);
 
 	if (!obj)
 		return NULL;
-	return object_as_type(obj, OBJ_COMMIT, quiet);
+	return object_as_type(r, obj, OBJ_COMMIT, quiet);
 }
 
-struct commit *lookup_commit_reference(const unsigned char *sha1)
+struct commit *lookup_commit_reference(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	return lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 0);
+	return lookup_commit_reference_gently(r, oid, 0);
 }
 
-struct commit *lookup_commit_or_die(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *ref_name)
+struct commit *lookup_commit_or_die(const struct object_id *oid, const char *ref_name)
 {
-	struct commit *c = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	struct commit *c = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, oid);
 	if (!c)
 		die(_("could not parse %s"), ref_name);
-	if (hashcmp(sha1, c->object.sha1)) {
+	if (oidcmp(oid, &c->object.oid)) {
 		warning(_("%s %s is not a commit!"),
-			ref_name, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			ref_name, oid_to_hex(oid));
 	}
 	return c;
 }
 
-struct commit *lookup_commit(const unsigned char *sha1)
+struct commit *lookup_commit(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
+	struct object *obj = lookup_object(r, oid->hash);
 	if (!obj)
-		return create_object(sha1, alloc_commit_node());
-	return object_as_type(obj, OBJ_COMMIT, 0);
+		return create_object(r, oid->hash,
+				     alloc_commit_node(r));
+	return object_as_type(r, obj, OBJ_COMMIT, 0);
 }
 
 struct commit *lookup_commit_reference_by_name(const char *name)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct commit *commit;
 
-	if (get_sha1_committish(name, sha1))
+	if (get_oid_committish(name, &oid))
 		return NULL;
-	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &oid);
 	if (parse_commit(commit))
 		return NULL;
 	return commit;
 }
 
-static unsigned long parse_commit_date(const char *buf, const char *tail)
+static timestamp_t parse_commit_date(const char *buf, const char *tail)
 {
 	const char *dateptr;
 
@@ -89,93 +98,110 @@ static unsigned long parse_commit_date(const char *buf, const char *tail)
 		/* nada */;
 	if (buf >= tail)
 		return 0;
-	/* dateptr < buf && buf[-1] == '\n', so strtoul will stop at buf-1 */
-	return strtoul(dateptr, NULL, 10);
+	/* dateptr < buf && buf[-1] == '\n', so parsing will stop at buf-1 */
+	return parse_timestamp(dateptr, NULL, 10);
 }
 
-static struct commit_graft **commit_graft;
-static int commit_graft_alloc, commit_graft_nr;
-
 static const unsigned char *commit_graft_sha1_access(size_t index, void *table)
 {
 	struct commit_graft **commit_graft_table = table;
-	return commit_graft_table[index]->sha1;
+	return commit_graft_table[index]->oid.hash;
 }
 
-static int commit_graft_pos(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static int commit_graft_pos(struct repository *r, const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	return sha1_pos(sha1, commit_graft, commit_graft_nr,
+	return sha1_pos(sha1, r->parsed_objects->grafts,
+			r->parsed_objects->grafts_nr,
 			commit_graft_sha1_access);
 }
 
-int register_commit_graft(struct commit_graft *graft, int ignore_dups)
+int register_commit_graft(struct repository *r, struct commit_graft *graft,
+			  int ignore_dups)
 {
-	int pos = commit_graft_pos(graft->sha1);
+	int pos = commit_graft_pos(r, graft->oid.hash);
 
 	if (0 <= pos) {
 		if (ignore_dups)
 			free(graft);
 		else {
-			free(commit_graft[pos]);
-			commit_graft[pos] = graft;
+			free(r->parsed_objects->grafts[pos]);
+			r->parsed_objects->grafts[pos] = graft;
 		}
 		return 1;
 	}
 	pos = -pos - 1;
-	ALLOC_GROW(commit_graft, commit_graft_nr + 1, commit_graft_alloc);
-	commit_graft_nr++;
-	if (pos < commit_graft_nr)
-		memmove(commit_graft + pos + 1,
-			commit_graft + pos,
-			(commit_graft_nr - pos - 1) *
-			sizeof(*commit_graft));
-	commit_graft[pos] = graft;
+	ALLOC_GROW(r->parsed_objects->grafts,
+		   r->parsed_objects->grafts_nr + 1,
+		   r->parsed_objects->grafts_alloc);
+	r->parsed_objects->grafts_nr++;
+	if (pos < r->parsed_objects->grafts_nr)
+		memmove(r->parsed_objects->grafts + pos + 1,
+			r->parsed_objects->grafts + pos,
+			(r->parsed_objects->grafts_nr - pos - 1) *
+			sizeof(*r->parsed_objects->grafts));
+	r->parsed_objects->grafts[pos] = graft;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-struct commit_graft *read_graft_line(char *buf, int len)
+struct commit_graft *read_graft_line(struct strbuf *line)
 {
 	/* The format is just "Commit Parent1 Parent2 ...\n" */
-	int i;
+	int i, phase;
+	const char *tail = NULL;
 	struct commit_graft *graft = NULL;
+	struct object_id dummy_oid, *oid;
 
-	while (len && isspace(buf[len-1]))
-		buf[--len] = '\0';
-	if (buf[0] == '#' || buf[0] == '\0')
+	strbuf_rtrim(line);
+	if (!line->len || line->buf[0] == '#')
 		return NULL;
-	if ((len + 1) % 41)
-		goto bad_graft_data;
-	i = (len + 1) / 41 - 1;
-	graft = xmalloc(sizeof(*graft) + 20 * i);
-	graft->nr_parent = i;
-	if (get_sha1_hex(buf, graft->sha1))
-		goto bad_graft_data;
-	for (i = 40; i < len; i += 41) {
-		if (buf[i] != ' ')
-			goto bad_graft_data;
-		if (get_sha1_hex(buf + i + 1, graft->parent[i/41]))
+	/*
+	 * phase 0 verifies line, counts hashes in line and allocates graft
+	 * phase 1 fills graft
+	 */
+	for (phase = 0; phase < 2; phase++) {
+		oid = graft ? &graft->oid : &dummy_oid;
+		if (parse_oid_hex(line->buf, oid, &tail))
 			goto bad_graft_data;
+		for (i = 0; *tail != '\0'; i++) {
+			oid = graft ? &graft->parent[i] : &dummy_oid;
+			if (!isspace(*tail++) || parse_oid_hex(tail, oid, &tail))
+				goto bad_graft_data;
+		}
+		if (!graft) {
+			graft = xmalloc(st_add(sizeof(*graft),
+					       st_mult(sizeof(struct object_id), i)));
+			graft->nr_parent = i;
+		}
 	}
 	return graft;
 
 bad_graft_data:
-	error("bad graft data: %s", buf);
-	free(graft);
+	error("bad graft data: %s", line->buf);
+	assert(!graft);
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static int read_graft_file(const char *graft_file)
+static int read_graft_file(struct repository *r, const char *graft_file)
 {
-	FILE *fp = fopen(graft_file, "r");
+	FILE *fp = fopen_or_warn(graft_file, "r");
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	if (!fp)
 		return -1;
+	if (advice_graft_file_deprecated)
+		advise(_("Support for <GIT_DIR>/info/grafts is deprecated\n"
+			 "and will be removed in a future Git version.\n"
+			 "\n"
+			 "Please use \"git replace --convert-graft-file\"\n"
+			 "to convert the grafts into replace refs.\n"
+			 "\n"
+			 "Turn this message off by running\n"
+			 "\"git config advice.graftFileDeprecated false\""));
 	while (!strbuf_getwholeline(&buf, fp, '\n')) {
 		/* The format is just "Commit Parent1 Parent2 ...\n" */
-		struct commit_graft *graft = read_graft_line(buf.buf, buf.len);
+		struct commit_graft *graft = read_graft_line(&buf);
 		if (!graft)
 			continue;
-		if (register_commit_graft(graft, 1))
+		if (register_commit_graft(r, graft, 1))
 			error("duplicate graft data: %s", buf.buf);
 	}
 	fclose(fp);
@@ -183,48 +209,50 @@ static int read_graft_file(const char *graft_file)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void prepare_commit_graft(void)
+static void prepare_commit_graft(struct repository *r)
 {
-	static int commit_graft_prepared;
 	char *graft_file;
 
-	if (commit_graft_prepared)
+	if (r->parsed_objects->commit_graft_prepared)
 		return;
-	graft_file = get_graft_file();
-	read_graft_file(graft_file);
+	if (!startup_info->have_repository)
+		return;
+
+	graft_file = get_graft_file(r);
+	read_graft_file(r, graft_file);
 	/* make sure shallows are read */
-	is_repository_shallow();
-	commit_graft_prepared = 1;
+	is_repository_shallow(r);
+	r->parsed_objects->commit_graft_prepared = 1;
 }
 
-struct commit_graft *lookup_commit_graft(const unsigned char *sha1)
+struct commit_graft *lookup_commit_graft(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	int pos;
-	prepare_commit_graft();
-	pos = commit_graft_pos(sha1);
+	prepare_commit_graft(r);
+	pos = commit_graft_pos(r, oid->hash);
 	if (pos < 0)
 		return NULL;
-	return commit_graft[pos];
+	return r->parsed_objects->grafts[pos];
 }
 
 int for_each_commit_graft(each_commit_graft_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
 	int i, ret;
-	for (i = ret = 0; i < commit_graft_nr && !ret; i++)
-		ret = fn(commit_graft[i], cb_data);
+	for (i = ret = 0; i < the_repository->parsed_objects->grafts_nr && !ret; i++)
+		ret = fn(the_repository->parsed_objects->grafts[i], cb_data);
 	return ret;
 }
 
-int unregister_shallow(const unsigned char *sha1)
+int unregister_shallow(const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	int pos = commit_graft_pos(sha1);
+	int pos = commit_graft_pos(the_repository, oid->hash);
 	if (pos < 0)
 		return -1;
-	if (pos + 1 < commit_graft_nr)
-		memmove(commit_graft + pos, commit_graft + pos + 1,
-				sizeof(struct commit_graft *)
-				* (commit_graft_nr - pos - 1));
-	commit_graft_nr--;
+	if (pos + 1 < the_repository->parsed_objects->grafts_nr)
+		MOVE_ARRAY(the_repository->parsed_objects->grafts + pos,
+			   the_repository->parsed_objects->grafts + pos + 1,
+			   the_repository->parsed_objects->grafts_nr - pos - 1);
+	the_repository->parsed_objects->grafts_nr--;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -233,18 +261,37 @@ struct commit_buffer {
 	unsigned long size;
 };
 define_commit_slab(buffer_slab, struct commit_buffer);
-static struct buffer_slab buffer_slab = COMMIT_SLAB_INIT(1, buffer_slab);
 
-void set_commit_buffer(struct commit *commit, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
+struct buffer_slab *allocate_commit_buffer_slab(void)
+{
+	struct buffer_slab *bs = xmalloc(sizeof(*bs));
+	init_buffer_slab(bs);
+	return bs;
+}
+
+void free_commit_buffer_slab(struct buffer_slab *bs)
 {
-	struct commit_buffer *v = buffer_slab_at(&buffer_slab, commit);
+	clear_buffer_slab(bs);
+	free(bs);
+}
+
+void set_commit_buffer(struct repository *r, struct commit *commit, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
+{
+	struct commit_buffer *v = buffer_slab_at(
+		r->parsed_objects->buffer_slab, commit);
 	v->buffer = buffer;
 	v->size = size;
 }
 
-const void *get_cached_commit_buffer(const struct commit *commit, unsigned long *sizep)
+const void *get_cached_commit_buffer(struct repository *r, const struct commit *commit, unsigned long *sizep)
 {
-	struct commit_buffer *v = buffer_slab_at(&buffer_slab, commit);
+	struct commit_buffer *v = buffer_slab_peek(
+		r->parsed_objects->buffer_slab, commit);
+	if (!v) {
+		if (sizep)
+			*sizep = 0;
+		return NULL;
+	}
 	if (sizep)
 		*sizep = v->size;
 	return v->buffer;
@@ -252,17 +299,17 @@ const void *get_cached_commit_buffer(const struct commit *commit, unsigned long
 
 const void *get_commit_buffer(const struct commit *commit, unsigned long *sizep)
 {
-	const void *ret = get_cached_commit_buffer(commit, sizep);
+	const void *ret = get_cached_commit_buffer(the_repository, commit, sizep);
 	if (!ret) {
 		enum object_type type;
 		unsigned long size;
-		ret = read_sha1_file(commit->object.sha1, &type, &size);
+		ret = read_object_file(&commit->object.oid, &type, &size);
 		if (!ret)
 			die("cannot read commit object %s",
-			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+			    oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 		if (type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 			die("expected commit for %s, got %s",
-			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1), typename(type));
+			    oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid), type_name(type));
 		if (sizep)
 			*sizep = size;
 	}
@@ -271,24 +318,60 @@ const void *get_commit_buffer(const struct commit *commit, unsigned long *sizep)
 
 void unuse_commit_buffer(const struct commit *commit, const void *buffer)
 {
-	struct commit_buffer *v = buffer_slab_at(&buffer_slab, commit);
-	if (v->buffer != buffer)
+	struct commit_buffer *v = buffer_slab_peek(
+		the_repository->parsed_objects->buffer_slab, commit);
+	if (!(v && v->buffer == buffer))
 		free((void *)buffer);
 }
 
 void free_commit_buffer(struct commit *commit)
 {
-	struct commit_buffer *v = buffer_slab_at(&buffer_slab, commit);
-	free(v->buffer);
-	v->buffer = NULL;
-	v->size = 0;
+	struct commit_buffer *v = buffer_slab_peek(
+		the_repository->parsed_objects->buffer_slab, commit);
+	if (v) {
+		FREE_AND_NULL(v->buffer);
+		v->size = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+struct tree *get_commit_tree(const struct commit *commit)
+{
+	if (commit->maybe_tree || !commit->object.parsed)
+		return commit->maybe_tree;
+
+	if (commit->graph_pos == COMMIT_NOT_FROM_GRAPH)
+		BUG("commit has NULL tree, but was not loaded from commit-graph");
+
+	return get_commit_tree_in_graph(the_repository, commit);
+}
+
+struct object_id *get_commit_tree_oid(const struct commit *commit)
+{
+	return &get_commit_tree(commit)->object.oid;
+}
+
+void release_commit_memory(struct commit *c)
+{
+	c->maybe_tree = NULL;
+	c->index = 0;
+	free_commit_buffer(c);
+	free_commit_list(c->parents);
+	/* TODO: what about commit->util? */
+
+	c->object.parsed = 0;
 }
 
 const void *detach_commit_buffer(struct commit *commit, unsigned long *sizep)
 {
-	struct commit_buffer *v = buffer_slab_at(&buffer_slab, commit);
+	struct commit_buffer *v = buffer_slab_peek(
+		the_repository->parsed_objects->buffer_slab, commit);
 	void *ret;
 
+	if (!v) {
+		if (sizep)
+			*sizep = 0;
+		return NULL;
+	}
 	ret = v->buffer;
 	if (sizep)
 		*sizep = v->size;
@@ -298,43 +381,46 @@ const void *detach_commit_buffer(struct commit *commit, unsigned long *sizep)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-int parse_commit_buffer(struct commit *item, const void *buffer, unsigned long size)
+int parse_commit_buffer(struct repository *r, struct commit *item, const void *buffer, unsigned long size, int check_graph)
 {
 	const char *tail = buffer;
 	const char *bufptr = buffer;
-	unsigned char parent[20];
+	struct object_id parent;
 	struct commit_list **pptr;
 	struct commit_graft *graft;
+	const int tree_entry_len = the_hash_algo->hexsz + 5;
+	const int parent_entry_len = the_hash_algo->hexsz + 7;
 
 	if (item->object.parsed)
 		return 0;
 	item->object.parsed = 1;
 	tail += size;
-	if (tail <= bufptr + 46 || memcmp(bufptr, "tree ", 5) || bufptr[45] != '\n')
-		return error("bogus commit object %s", sha1_to_hex(item->object.sha1));
-	if (get_sha1_hex(bufptr + 5, parent) < 0)
+	if (tail <= bufptr + tree_entry_len + 1 || memcmp(bufptr, "tree ", 5) ||
+			bufptr[tree_entry_len] != '\n')
+		return error("bogus commit object %s", oid_to_hex(&item->object.oid));
+	if (get_oid_hex(bufptr + 5, &parent) < 0)
 		return error("bad tree pointer in commit %s",
-			     sha1_to_hex(item->object.sha1));
-	item->tree = lookup_tree(parent);
-	bufptr += 46; /* "tree " + "hex sha1" + "\n" */
+			     oid_to_hex(&item->object.oid));
+	item->maybe_tree = lookup_tree(r, &parent);
+	bufptr += tree_entry_len + 1; /* "tree " + "hex sha1" + "\n" */
 	pptr = &item->parents;
 
-	graft = lookup_commit_graft(item->object.sha1);
-	while (bufptr + 48 < tail && !memcmp(bufptr, "parent ", 7)) {
+	graft = lookup_commit_graft(r, &item->object.oid);
+	while (bufptr + parent_entry_len < tail && !memcmp(bufptr, "parent ", 7)) {
 		struct commit *new_parent;
 
-		if (tail <= bufptr + 48 ||
-		    get_sha1_hex(bufptr + 7, parent) ||
-		    bufptr[47] != '\n')
-			return error("bad parents in commit %s", sha1_to_hex(item->object.sha1));
-		bufptr += 48;
+		if (tail <= bufptr + parent_entry_len + 1 ||
+		    get_oid_hex(bufptr + 7, &parent) ||
+		    bufptr[parent_entry_len] != '\n')
+			return error("bad parents in commit %s", oid_to_hex(&item->object.oid));
+		bufptr += parent_entry_len + 1;
 		/*
 		 * The clone is shallow if nr_parent < 0, and we must
 		 * not traverse its real parents even when we unhide them.
 		 */
 		if (graft && (graft->nr_parent < 0 || grafts_replace_parents))
 			continue;
-		new_parent = lookup_commit(parent);
+		new_parent = lookup_commit(r, &parent);
 		if (new_parent)
 			pptr = &commit_list_insert(new_parent, pptr)->next;
 	}
@@ -342,7 +428,8 @@ int parse_commit_buffer(struct commit *item, const void *buffer, unsigned long s
 		int i;
 		struct commit *new_parent;
 		for (i = 0; i < graft->nr_parent; i++) {
-			new_parent = lookup_commit(graft->parent[i]);
+			new_parent = lookup_commit(r,
+						   &graft->parent[i]);
 			if (!new_parent)
 				continue;
 			pptr = &commit_list_insert(new_parent, pptr)->next;
@@ -350,10 +437,13 @@ int parse_commit_buffer(struct commit *item, const void *buffer, unsigned long s
 	}
 	item->date = parse_commit_date(bufptr, tail);
 
+	if (check_graph)
+		load_commit_graph_info(the_repository, item);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int parse_commit(struct commit *item)
+int parse_commit_internal(struct commit *item, int quiet_on_missing, int use_commit_graph)
 {
 	enum object_type type;
 	void *buffer;
@@ -364,29 +454,38 @@ int parse_commit(struct commit *item)
 		return -1;
 	if (item->object.parsed)
 		return 0;
-	buffer = read_sha1_file(item->object.sha1, &type, &size);
+	if (use_commit_graph && parse_commit_in_graph(the_repository, item))
+		return 0;
+	buffer = read_object_file(&item->object.oid, &type, &size);
 	if (!buffer)
-		return error("Could not read %s",
-			     sha1_to_hex(item->object.sha1));
+		return quiet_on_missing ? -1 :
+			error("Could not read %s",
+			     oid_to_hex(&item->object.oid));
 	if (type != OBJ_COMMIT) {
 		free(buffer);
 		return error("Object %s not a commit",
-			     sha1_to_hex(item->object.sha1));
+			     oid_to_hex(&item->object.oid));
 	}
-	ret = parse_commit_buffer(item, buffer, size);
+
+	ret = parse_commit_buffer(the_repository, item, buffer, size, 0);
 	if (save_commit_buffer && !ret) {
-		set_commit_buffer(item, buffer, size);
+		set_commit_buffer(the_repository, item, buffer, size);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	free(buffer);
 	return ret;
 }
 
+int parse_commit_gently(struct commit *item, int quiet_on_missing)
+{
+	return parse_commit_internal(item, quiet_on_missing, 1);
+}
+
 void parse_commit_or_die(struct commit *item)
 {
 	if (parse_commit(item))
 		die("unable to parse commit %s",
-		    item ? sha1_to_hex(item->object.sha1) : "(null)");
+		    item ? oid_to_hex(&item->object.oid) : "(null)");
 }
 
 int find_commit_subject(const char *commit_buffer, const char **subject)
@@ -397,9 +496,8 @@ int find_commit_subject(const char *commit_buffer, const char **subject)
 	while (*p && (*p != '\n' || p[1] != '\n'))
 		p++;
 	if (*p) {
-		p += 2;
-		for (eol = p; *eol && *eol != '\n'; eol++)
-			; /* do nothing */
+		p = skip_blank_lines(p + 2);
+		eol = strchrnul(p, '\n');
 	} else
 		eol = p;
 
@@ -438,11 +536,8 @@ struct commit_list *copy_commit_list(struct commit_list *list)
 
 void free_commit_list(struct commit_list *list)
 {
-	while (list) {
-		struct commit_list *temp = list;
-		list = temp->next;
-		free(temp);
-	}
+	while (list)
+		pop_commit(&list);
 }
 
 struct commit_list * commit_list_insert_by_date(struct commit *item, struct commit_list **list)
@@ -460,8 +555,8 @@ struct commit_list * commit_list_insert_by_date(struct commit *item, struct comm
 
 static int commit_list_compare_by_date(const void *a, const void *b)
 {
-	unsigned long a_date = ((const struct commit_list *)a)->item->date;
-	unsigned long b_date = ((const struct commit_list *)b)->item->date;
+	timestamp_t a_date = ((const struct commit_list *)a)->item->date;
+	timestamp_t b_date = ((const struct commit_list *)b)->item->date;
 	if (a_date < b_date)
 		return 1;
 	if (a_date > b_date)
@@ -488,12 +583,8 @@ void commit_list_sort_by_date(struct commit_list **list)
 struct commit *pop_most_recent_commit(struct commit_list **list,
 				      unsigned int mark)
 {
-	struct commit *ret = (*list)->item;
+	struct commit *ret = pop_commit(list);
 	struct commit_list *parents = ret->parents;
-	struct commit_list *old = *list;
-
-	*list = (*list)->next;
-	free(old);
 
 	while (parents) {
 		struct commit *commit = parents->item;
@@ -533,7 +624,7 @@ void clear_commit_marks_many(int nr, struct commit **commit, unsigned int mark)
 	struct commit_list *list = NULL;
 
 	while (nr--) {
-		commit_list_insert(*commit, &list);
+		clear_commit_marks_1(&list, *commit, mark);
 		commit++;
 	}
 	while (list)
@@ -545,20 +636,6 @@ void clear_commit_marks(struct commit *commit, unsigned int mark)
 	clear_commit_marks_many(1, &commit, mark);
 }
 
-void clear_commit_marks_for_object_array(struct object_array *a, unsigned mark)
-{
-	struct object *object;
-	struct commit *commit;
-	unsigned int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < a->nr; i++) {
-		object = a->objects[i].item;
-		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(object->sha1, 1);
-		if (commit)
-			clear_commit_marks(commit, mark);
-	}
-}
-
 struct commit *pop_commit(struct commit_list **stack)
 {
 	struct commit_list *top = *stack;
@@ -579,7 +656,7 @@ struct commit *pop_commit(struct commit_list **stack)
 define_commit_slab(indegree_slab, int);
 
 /* record author-date for each commit object */
-define_commit_slab(author_date_slab, unsigned long);
+define_commit_slab(author_date_slab, timestamp_t);
 
 static void record_author_date(struct author_date_slab *author_date,
 			       struct commit *commit)
@@ -589,7 +666,7 @@ static void record_author_date(struct author_date_slab *author_date,
 	const char *ident_line;
 	size_t ident_len;
 	char *date_end;
-	unsigned long date;
+	timestamp_t date;
 
 	ident_line = find_commit_header(buffer, "author", &ident_len);
 	if (!ident_line)
@@ -598,7 +675,7 @@ static void record_author_date(struct author_date_slab *author_date,
 	    !ident.date_begin || !ident.date_end)
 		goto fail_exit; /* malformed "author" line */
 
-	date = strtoul(ident.date_begin, &date_end, 10);
+	date = parse_timestamp(ident.date_begin, &date_end, 10);
 	if (date_end != ident.date_end)
 		goto fail_exit; /* malformed date */
 	*(author_date_slab_at(author_date, commit)) = date;
@@ -612,8 +689,8 @@ static int compare_commits_by_author_date(const void *a_, const void *b_,
 {
 	const struct commit *a = a_, *b = b_;
 	struct author_date_slab *author_date = cb_data;
-	unsigned long a_date = *(author_date_slab_at(author_date, a));
-	unsigned long b_date = *(author_date_slab_at(author_date, b));
+	timestamp_t a_date = *(author_date_slab_at(author_date, a));
+	timestamp_t b_date = *(author_date_slab_at(author_date, b));
 
 	/* newer commits with larger date first */
 	if (a_date < b_date)
@@ -623,6 +700,24 @@ static int compare_commits_by_author_date(const void *a_, const void *b_,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int compare_commits_by_gen_then_commit_date(const void *a_, const void *b_, void *unused)
+{
+	const struct commit *a = a_, *b = b_;
+
+	/* newer commits first */
+	if (a->generation < b->generation)
+		return 1;
+	else if (a->generation > b->generation)
+		return -1;
+
+	/* use date as a heuristic when generations are equal */
+	if (a->date < b->date)
+		return 1;
+	else if (a->date > b->date)
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int compare_commits_by_commit_date(const void *a_, const void *b_, void *unused)
 {
 	const struct commit *a = a_, *b = b_;
@@ -770,11 +865,14 @@ static int queue_has_nonstale(struct prio_queue *queue)
 }
 
 /* all input commits in one and twos[] must have been parsed! */
-static struct commit_list *paint_down_to_common(struct commit *one, int n, struct commit **twos)
+static struct commit_list *paint_down_to_common(struct commit *one, int n,
+						struct commit **twos,
+						int min_generation)
 {
-	struct prio_queue queue = { compare_commits_by_commit_date };
+	struct prio_queue queue = { compare_commits_by_gen_then_commit_date };
 	struct commit_list *result = NULL;
 	int i;
+	uint32_t last_gen = GENERATION_NUMBER_INFINITY;
 
 	one->object.flags |= PARENT1;
 	if (!n) {
@@ -793,6 +891,15 @@ static struct commit_list *paint_down_to_common(struct commit *one, int n, struc
 		struct commit_list *parents;
 		int flags;
 
+		if (commit->generation > last_gen)
+			BUG("bad generation skip %8x > %8x at %s",
+			    commit->generation, last_gen,
+			    oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
+		last_gen = commit->generation;
+
+		if (commit->generation < min_generation)
+			break;
+
 		flags = commit->object.flags & (PARENT1 | PARENT2 | STALE);
 		if (flags == (PARENT1 | PARENT2)) {
 			if (!(commit->object.flags & RESULT)) {
@@ -841,14 +948,12 @@ static struct commit_list *merge_bases_many(struct commit *one, int n, struct co
 			return NULL;
 	}
 
-	list = paint_down_to_common(one, n, twos);
+	list = paint_down_to_common(one, n, twos, 0);
 
 	while (list) {
-		struct commit_list *next = list->next;
-		if (!(list->item->object.flags & STALE))
-			commit_list_insert_by_date(list->item, &result);
-		free(list);
-		list = next;
+		struct commit *commit = pop_commit(&list);
+		if (!(commit->object.flags & STALE))
+			commit_list_insert_by_date(commit, &result);
 	}
 	return result;
 }
@@ -863,19 +968,19 @@ struct commit_list *get_octopus_merge_bases(struct commit_list *in)
 	commit_list_insert(in->item, &ret);
 
 	for (i = in->next; i; i = i->next) {
-		struct commit_list *new = NULL, *end = NULL;
+		struct commit_list *new_commits = NULL, *end = NULL;
 
 		for (j = ret; j; j = j->next) {
 			struct commit_list *bases;
 			bases = get_merge_bases(i->item, j->item);
-			if (!new)
-				new = bases;
+			if (!new_commits)
+				new_commits = bases;
 			else
 				end->next = bases;
 			for (k = bases; k; k = k->next)
 				end = k;
 		}
-		ret = new;
+		ret = new_commits;
 	}
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -895,12 +1000,13 @@ static int remove_redundant(struct commit **array, int cnt)
 
 	work = xcalloc(cnt, sizeof(*work));
 	redundant = xcalloc(cnt, 1);
-	filled_index = xmalloc(sizeof(*filled_index) * (cnt - 1));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(filled_index, cnt - 1);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
 		parse_commit(array[i]);
 	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
 		struct commit_list *common;
+		uint32_t min_generation = array[i]->generation;
 
 		if (redundant[i])
 			continue;
@@ -909,21 +1015,24 @@ static int remove_redundant(struct commit **array, int cnt)
 				continue;
 			filled_index[filled] = j;
 			work[filled++] = array[j];
+
+			if (array[j]->generation < min_generation)
+				min_generation = array[j]->generation;
 		}
-		common = paint_down_to_common(array[i], filled, work);
+		common = paint_down_to_common(array[i], filled, work,
+					      min_generation);
 		if (array[i]->object.flags & PARENT2)
 			redundant[i] = 1;
 		for (j = 0; j < filled; j++)
 			if (work[j]->object.flags & PARENT1)
 				redundant[filled_index[j]] = 1;
 		clear_commit_marks(array[i], all_flags);
-		for (j = 0; j < filled; j++)
-			clear_commit_marks(work[j], all_flags);
+		clear_commit_marks_many(filled, work, all_flags);
 		free_commit_list(common);
 	}
 
 	/* Now collect the result */
-	memcpy(work, array, sizeof(*array) * cnt);
+	COPY_ARRAY(work, array, cnt);
 	for (i = filled = 0; i < cnt; i++)
 		if (!redundant[i])
 			array[filled++] = work[i];
@@ -1021,14 +1130,21 @@ int in_merge_bases_many(struct commit *commit, int nr_reference, struct commit *
 {
 	struct commit_list *bases;
 	int ret = 0, i;
+	uint32_t min_generation = GENERATION_NUMBER_INFINITY;
 
 	if (parse_commit(commit))
 		return ret;
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_reference; i++)
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_reference; i++) {
 		if (parse_commit(reference[i]))
 			return ret;
+		if (reference[i]->generation < min_generation)
+			min_generation = reference[i]->generation;
+	}
 
-	bases = paint_down_to_common(commit, nr_reference, reference);
+	if (commit->generation > min_generation)
+		return ret;
+
+	bases = paint_down_to_common(commit, nr_reference, reference, commit->generation);
 	if (commit->object.flags & PARENT2)
 		ret = 1;
 	clear_commit_marks(commit, all_flags);
@@ -1074,9 +1190,17 @@ struct commit_list *reduce_heads(struct commit_list *heads)
 	num_head = remove_redundant(array, num_head);
 	for (i = 0; i < num_head; i++)
 		tail = &commit_list_insert(array[i], tail)->next;
+	free(array);
 	return result;
 }
 
+void reduce_heads_replace(struct commit_list **heads)
+{
+	struct commit_list *result = reduce_heads(*heads);
+	free_commit_list(*heads);
+	*heads = result;
+}
+
 static const char gpg_sig_header[] = "gpgsig";
 static const int gpg_sig_header_len = sizeof(gpg_sig_header) - 1;
 
@@ -1084,9 +1208,14 @@ static int do_sign_commit(struct strbuf *buf, const char *keyid)
 {
 	struct strbuf sig = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int inspos, copypos;
+	const char *eoh;
 
 	/* find the end of the header */
-	inspos = strstr(buf->buf, "\n\n") - buf->buf + 1;
+	eoh = strstr(buf->buf, "\n\n");
+	if (!eoh)
+		inspos = buf->len;
+	else
+		inspos = eoh - buf->buf + 1;
 
 	if (!keyid || !*keyid)
 		keyid = get_signing_key();
@@ -1198,7 +1327,7 @@ static void handle_signed_tag(struct commit *parent, struct commit_extra_header
 	desc = merge_remote_util(parent);
 	if (!desc || !desc->obj)
 		return;
-	buf = read_sha1_file(desc->obj->sha1, &type, &size);
+	buf = read_object_file(&desc->obj->oid, &type, &size);
 	if (!buf || type != OBJ_TAG)
 		goto free_return;
 	len = parse_signature(buf, size);
@@ -1227,33 +1356,24 @@ free_return:
 	free(buf);
 }
 
-void check_commit_signature(const struct commit *commit, struct signature_check *sigc)
+int check_commit_signature(const struct commit *commit, struct signature_check *sigc)
 {
 	struct strbuf payload = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf signature = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf gpg_output = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf gpg_status = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int status;
+	int ret = 1;
 
 	sigc->result = 'N';
 
 	if (parse_signed_commit(commit, &payload, &signature) <= 0)
 		goto out;
-	status = verify_signed_buffer(payload.buf, payload.len,
-				      signature.buf, signature.len,
-				      &gpg_output, &gpg_status);
-	if (status && !gpg_output.len)
-		goto out;
-	sigc->payload = strbuf_detach(&payload, NULL);
-	sigc->gpg_output = strbuf_detach(&gpg_output, NULL);
-	sigc->gpg_status = strbuf_detach(&gpg_status, NULL);
-	parse_gpg_output(sigc);
+	ret = check_signature(payload.buf, payload.len, signature.buf,
+		signature.len, sigc);
 
  out:
-	strbuf_release(&gpg_status);
-	strbuf_release(&gpg_output);
 	strbuf_release(&payload);
 	strbuf_release(&signature);
+
+	return ret;
 }
 
 
@@ -1289,26 +1409,28 @@ struct commit_extra_header *read_commit_extra_headers(struct commit *commit,
 	return extra;
 }
 
-void for_each_mergetag(each_mergetag_fn fn, struct commit *commit, void *data)
+int for_each_mergetag(each_mergetag_fn fn, struct commit *commit, void *data)
 {
 	struct commit_extra_header *extra, *to_free;
+	int res = 0;
 
 	to_free = read_commit_extra_headers(commit, NULL);
-	for (extra = to_free; extra; extra = extra->next) {
+	for (extra = to_free; !res && extra; extra = extra->next) {
 		if (strcmp(extra->key, "mergetag"))
 			continue; /* not a merge tag */
-		fn(commit, extra, data);
+		res = fn(commit, extra, data);
 	}
 	free_commit_extra_headers(to_free);
+	return res;
 }
 
 static inline int standard_header_field(const char *field, size_t len)
 {
-	return ((len == 4 && !memcmp(field, "tree ", 5)) ||
-		(len == 6 && !memcmp(field, "parent ", 7)) ||
-		(len == 6 && !memcmp(field, "author ", 7)) ||
-		(len == 9 && !memcmp(field, "committer ", 10)) ||
-		(len == 8 && !memcmp(field, "encoding ", 9)));
+	return ((len == 4 && !memcmp(field, "tree", 4)) ||
+		(len == 6 && !memcmp(field, "parent", 6)) ||
+		(len == 6 && !memcmp(field, "author", 6)) ||
+		(len == 9 && !memcmp(field, "committer", 9)) ||
+		(len == 8 && !memcmp(field, "encoding", 8)));
 }
 
 static int excluded_header_field(const char *field, size_t len, const char **exclude)
@@ -1318,8 +1440,7 @@ static int excluded_header_field(const char *field, size_t len, const char **exc
 
 	while (*exclude) {
 		size_t xlen = strlen(*exclude);
-		if (len == xlen &&
-		    !memcmp(field, *exclude, xlen) && field[xlen] == ' ')
+		if (len == xlen && !memcmp(field, *exclude, xlen))
 			return 1;
 		exclude++;
 	}
@@ -1350,12 +1471,11 @@ static struct commit_extra_header *read_commit_extra_header_lines(
 		strbuf_reset(&buf);
 		it = NULL;
 
-		eof = strchr(line, ' ');
-		if (next <= eof)
+		eof = memchr(line, ' ', next - line);
+		if (!eof)
 			eof = next;
-
-		if (standard_header_field(line, eof - line) ||
-		    excluded_header_field(line, eof - line, exclude))
+		else if (standard_header_field(line, eof - line) ||
+			 excluded_header_field(line, eof - line, exclude))
 			continue;
 
 		it = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*it));
@@ -1381,9 +1501,8 @@ void free_commit_extra_headers(struct commit_extra_header *extra)
 	}
 }
 
-int commit_tree(const char *msg, size_t msg_len,
-		const unsigned char *tree,
-		struct commit_list *parents, unsigned char *ret,
+int commit_tree(const char *msg, size_t msg_len, const struct object_id *tree,
+		struct commit_list *parents, struct object_id *ret,
 		const char *author, const char *sign_commit)
 {
 	struct commit_extra_header *extra = NULL, **tail = &extra;
@@ -1507,13 +1626,13 @@ static int verify_utf8(struct strbuf *buf)
 }
 
 static const char commit_utf8_warn[] =
-"Warning: commit message did not conform to UTF-8.\n"
-"You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
-"variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n";
+N_("Warning: commit message did not conform to UTF-8.\n"
+   "You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
+   "variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n");
 
 int commit_tree_extended(const char *msg, size_t msg_len,
-			 const unsigned char *tree,
-			 struct commit_list *parents, unsigned char *ret,
+			 const struct object_id *tree,
+			 struct commit_list *parents, struct object_id *ret,
 			 const char *author, const char *sign_commit,
 			 struct commit_extra_header *extra)
 {
@@ -1521,7 +1640,7 @@ int commit_tree_extended(const char *msg, size_t msg_len,
 	int encoding_is_utf8;
 	struct strbuf buffer;
 
-	assert_sha1_type(tree, OBJ_TREE);
+	assert_oid_type(tree, OBJ_TREE);
 
 	if (memchr(msg, '\0', msg_len))
 		return error("a NUL byte in commit log message not allowed.");
@@ -1530,7 +1649,7 @@ int commit_tree_extended(const char *msg, size_t msg_len,
 	encoding_is_utf8 = is_encoding_utf8(git_commit_encoding);
 
 	strbuf_init(&buffer, 8192); /* should avoid reallocs for the headers */
-	strbuf_addf(&buffer, "tree %s\n", sha1_to_hex(tree));
+	strbuf_addf(&buffer, "tree %s\n", oid_to_hex(tree));
 
 	/*
 	 * NOTE! This ordering means that the same exact tree merged with a
@@ -1538,13 +1657,9 @@ int commit_tree_extended(const char *msg, size_t msg_len,
 	 * if everything else stays the same.
 	 */
 	while (parents) {
-		struct commit_list *next = parents->next;
-		struct commit *parent = parents->item;
-
+		struct commit *parent = pop_commit(&parents);
 		strbuf_addf(&buffer, "parent %s\n",
-			    sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
-		free(parents);
-		parents = next;
+			    oid_to_hex(&parent->object.oid));
 	}
 
 	/* Person/date information */
@@ -1566,32 +1681,47 @@ int commit_tree_extended(const char *msg, size_t msg_len,
 
 	/* And check the encoding */
 	if (encoding_is_utf8 && !verify_utf8(&buffer))
-		fprintf(stderr, commit_utf8_warn);
+		fprintf(stderr, _(commit_utf8_warn));
 
-	if (sign_commit && do_sign_commit(&buffer, sign_commit))
-		return -1;
+	if (sign_commit && do_sign_commit(&buffer, sign_commit)) {
+		result = -1;
+		goto out;
+	}
 
-	result = write_sha1_file(buffer.buf, buffer.len, commit_type, ret);
+	result = write_object_file(buffer.buf, buffer.len, commit_type, ret);
+out:
 	strbuf_release(&buffer);
 	return result;
 }
 
+define_commit_slab(merge_desc_slab, struct merge_remote_desc *);
+static struct merge_desc_slab merge_desc_slab = COMMIT_SLAB_INIT(1, merge_desc_slab);
+
+struct merge_remote_desc *merge_remote_util(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	return *merge_desc_slab_at(&merge_desc_slab, commit);
+}
+
+void set_merge_remote_desc(struct commit *commit,
+			   const char *name, struct object *obj)
+{
+	struct merge_remote_desc *desc;
+	FLEX_ALLOC_STR(desc, name, name);
+	desc->obj = obj;
+	*merge_desc_slab_at(&merge_desc_slab, commit) = desc;
+}
+
 struct commit *get_merge_parent(const char *name)
 {
 	struct object *obj;
 	struct commit *commit;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	if (get_sha1(name, sha1))
+	struct object_id oid;
+	if (get_oid(name, &oid))
 		return NULL;
-	obj = parse_object(sha1);
+	obj = parse_object(the_repository, &oid);
 	commit = (struct commit *)peel_to_type(name, 0, obj, OBJ_COMMIT);
-	if (commit && !commit->util) {
-		struct merge_remote_desc *desc;
-		desc = xmalloc(sizeof(*desc));
-		desc->obj = obj;
-		desc->name = strdup(name);
-		commit->util = desc;
-	}
+	if (commit && !merge_remote_util(commit))
+		set_merge_remote_desc(commit, name, obj);
 	return commit;
 }
 
@@ -1615,21 +1745,11 @@ struct commit *get_merge_parent(const char *name)
 struct commit_list **commit_list_append(struct commit *commit,
 					struct commit_list **next)
 {
-	struct commit_list *new = xmalloc(sizeof(struct commit_list));
-	new->item = commit;
-	*next = new;
-	new->next = NULL;
-	return &new->next;
-}
-
-void print_commit_list(struct commit_list *list,
-		       const char *format_cur,
-		       const char *format_last)
-{
-	for ( ; list; list = list->next) {
-		const char *format = list->next ? format_cur : format_last;
-		printf(format, sha1_to_hex(list->item->object.sha1));
-	}
+	struct commit_list *new_commit = xmalloc(sizeof(struct commit_list));
+	new_commit->item = commit;
+	*next = new_commit;
+	new_commit->next = NULL;
+	return &new_commit->next;
 }
 
 const char *find_commit_header(const char *msg, const char *key, size_t *out_len)
@@ -1655,47 +1775,47 @@ const char *find_commit_header(const char *msg, const char *key, size_t *out_len
 }
 
 /*
- * Inspect sb and determine the true "end" of the log message, in
+ * Inspect the given string and determine the true "end" of the log message, in
  * order to find where to put a new Signed-off-by: line.  Ignored are
- * trailing comment lines and blank lines, and also the traditional
- * "Conflicts:" block that is not commented out, so that we can use
- * "git commit -s --amend" on an existing commit that forgot to remove
- * it.
+ * trailing comment lines and blank lines.  To support "git commit -s
+ * --amend" on an existing commit, we also ignore "Conflicts:".  To
+ * support "git commit -v", we truncate at cut lines.
  *
  * Returns the number of bytes from the tail to ignore, to be fed as
  * the second parameter to append_signoff().
  */
-int ignore_non_trailer(struct strbuf *sb)
+int ignore_non_trailer(const char *buf, size_t len)
 {
 	int boc = 0;
 	int bol = 0;
 	int in_old_conflicts_block = 0;
+	size_t cutoff = wt_status_locate_end(buf, len);
 
-	while (bol < sb->len) {
-		char *next_line;
+	while (bol < cutoff) {
+		const char *next_line = memchr(buf + bol, '\n', len - bol);
 
-		if (!(next_line = memchr(sb->buf + bol, '\n', sb->len - bol)))
-			next_line = sb->buf + sb->len;
+		if (!next_line)
+			next_line = buf + len;
 		else
 			next_line++;
 
-		if (sb->buf[bol] == comment_line_char || sb->buf[bol] == '\n') {
+		if (buf[bol] == comment_line_char || buf[bol] == '\n') {
 			/* is this the first of the run of comments? */
 			if (!boc)
 				boc = bol;
 			/* otherwise, it is just continuing */
-		} else if (starts_with(sb->buf + bol, "Conflicts:\n")) {
+		} else if (starts_with(buf + bol, "Conflicts:\n")) {
 			in_old_conflicts_block = 1;
 			if (!boc)
 				boc = bol;
-		} else if (in_old_conflicts_block && sb->buf[bol] == '\t') {
+		} else if (in_old_conflicts_block && buf[bol] == '\t') {
 			; /* a pathname in the conflicts block */
 		} else if (boc) {
 			/* the previous was not trailing comment */
 			boc = 0;
 			in_old_conflicts_block = 0;
 		}
-		bol = next_line - sb->buf;
+		bol = next_line - buf;
 	}
-	return boc ? sb->len - boc : 0;
+	return boc ? len - boc : len - cutoff;
 }
diff --git a/commit.h b/commit.h
index 9f189cb054..da0db36eba 100644
--- a/commit.h
+++ b/commit.h
@@ -7,19 +7,37 @@
 #include "decorate.h"
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
+#include "pretty.h"
+
+#define COMMIT_NOT_FROM_GRAPH 0xFFFFFFFF
+#define GENERATION_NUMBER_INFINITY 0xFFFFFFFF
+#define GENERATION_NUMBER_MAX 0x3FFFFFFF
+#define GENERATION_NUMBER_ZERO 0
 
 struct commit_list {
 	struct commit *item;
 	struct commit_list *next;
 };
 
+/*
+ * The size of this struct matters in full repo walk operations like
+ * 'git clone' or 'git gc'. Consider using commit-slab to attach data
+ * to a commit instead of adding new fields here.
+ */
 struct commit {
 	struct object object;
-	void *util;
-	unsigned int index;
-	unsigned long date;
+	timestamp_t date;
 	struct commit_list *parents;
-	struct tree *tree;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the commit is loaded from the commit-graph file, then this
+	 * member may be NULL. Only access it through get_commit_tree()
+	 * or get_commit_tree_oid().
+	 */
+	struct tree *maybe_tree;
+	uint32_t graph_pos;
+	uint32_t generation;
+	unsigned int index;
 };
 
 extern int save_commit_buffer;
@@ -45,34 +63,45 @@ enum decoration_type {
 void add_name_decoration(enum decoration_type type, const char *name, struct object *obj);
 const struct name_decoration *get_name_decoration(const struct object *obj);
 
-struct commit *lookup_commit(const unsigned char *sha1);
-struct commit *lookup_commit_reference(const unsigned char *sha1);
-struct commit *lookup_commit_reference_gently(const unsigned char *sha1,
+struct commit *lookup_commit(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid);
+struct commit *lookup_commit_reference(struct repository *r,
+				       const struct object_id *oid);
+struct commit *lookup_commit_reference_gently(struct repository *r,
+					      const struct object_id *oid,
 					      int quiet);
 struct commit *lookup_commit_reference_by_name(const char *name);
 
 /*
- * Look up object named by "sha1", dereference tag as necessary,
- * get a commit and return it. If "sha1" does not dereference to
+ * Look up object named by "oid", dereference tag as necessary,
+ * get a commit and return it. If "oid" does not dereference to
  * a commit, use ref_name to report an error and die.
  */
-struct commit *lookup_commit_or_die(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *ref_name);
+struct commit *lookup_commit_or_die(const struct object_id *oid, const char *ref_name);
 
-int parse_commit_buffer(struct commit *item, const void *buffer, unsigned long size);
-int parse_commit(struct commit *item);
+int parse_commit_buffer(struct repository *r, struct commit *item, const void *buffer, unsigned long size, int check_graph);
+int parse_commit_internal(struct commit *item, int quiet_on_missing, int use_commit_graph);
+int parse_commit_gently(struct commit *item, int quiet_on_missing);
+static inline int parse_commit(struct commit *item)
+{
+	return parse_commit_gently(item, 0);
+}
 void parse_commit_or_die(struct commit *item);
 
+struct buffer_slab;
+struct buffer_slab *allocate_commit_buffer_slab(void);
+void free_commit_buffer_slab(struct buffer_slab *bs);
+
 /*
  * Associate an object buffer with the commit. The ownership of the
  * memory is handed over to the commit, and must be free()-able.
  */
-void set_commit_buffer(struct commit *, void *buffer, unsigned long size);
+void set_commit_buffer(struct repository *r, struct commit *, void *buffer, unsigned long size);
 
 /*
  * Get any cached object buffer associated with the commit. Returns NULL
  * if none. The resulting memory should not be freed.
  */
-const void *get_cached_commit_buffer(const struct commit *, unsigned long *size);
+const void *get_cached_commit_buffer(struct repository *, const struct commit *, unsigned long *size);
 
 /*
  * Get the commit's object contents, either from cache or by reading the object
@@ -94,6 +123,15 @@ void unuse_commit_buffer(const struct commit *, const void *buffer);
  */
 void free_commit_buffer(struct commit *);
 
+struct tree *get_commit_tree(const struct commit *);
+struct object_id *get_commit_tree_oid(const struct commit *);
+
+/*
+ * Release memory related to a commit, including the parent list and
+ * any cached object buffer.
+ */
+void release_commit_memory(struct commit *c);
+
 /*
  * Disassociate any cached object buffer from the commit, but do not free it.
  * The buffer (or NULL, if none) is returned.
@@ -117,82 +155,13 @@ struct commit_list *copy_commit_list(struct commit_list *list);
 
 void free_commit_list(struct commit_list *list);
 
-/* Commit formats */
-enum cmit_fmt {
-	CMIT_FMT_RAW,
-	CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM,
-	CMIT_FMT_DEFAULT = CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM,
-	CMIT_FMT_SHORT,
-	CMIT_FMT_FULL,
-	CMIT_FMT_FULLER,
-	CMIT_FMT_ONELINE,
-	CMIT_FMT_EMAIL,
-	CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT,
-
-	CMIT_FMT_UNSPECIFIED
-};
-
-struct pretty_print_context {
-	/*
-	 * Callers should tweak these to change the behavior of pp_* functions.
-	 */
-	enum cmit_fmt fmt;
-	int abbrev;
-	const char *subject;
-	const char *after_subject;
-	int preserve_subject;
-	enum date_mode date_mode;
-	unsigned date_mode_explicit:1;
-	int need_8bit_cte;
-	char *notes_message;
-	struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info;
-	const char *output_encoding;
-	struct string_list *mailmap;
-	int color;
-	struct ident_split *from_ident;
-
-	/*
-	 * Fields below here are manipulated internally by pp_* functions and
-	 * should not be counted on by callers.
-	 */
-	struct string_list in_body_headers;
-};
-
-struct userformat_want {
-	unsigned notes:1;
-};
+struct rev_info; /* in revision.h, it circularly uses enum cmit_fmt */
 
 extern int has_non_ascii(const char *text);
-struct rev_info; /* in revision.h, it circularly uses enum cmit_fmt */
 extern const char *logmsg_reencode(const struct commit *commit,
 				   char **commit_encoding,
 				   const char *output_encoding);
-extern void get_commit_format(const char *arg, struct rev_info *);
-extern const char *format_subject(struct strbuf *sb, const char *msg,
-				  const char *line_separator);
-extern void userformat_find_requirements(const char *fmt, struct userformat_want *w);
-extern int commit_format_is_empty(enum cmit_fmt);
-extern void format_commit_message(const struct commit *commit,
-				  const char *format, struct strbuf *sb,
-				  const struct pretty_print_context *context);
-extern void pretty_print_commit(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
-				const struct commit *commit,
-				struct strbuf *sb);
-extern void pp_commit_easy(enum cmit_fmt fmt, const struct commit *commit,
-			   struct strbuf *sb);
-void pp_user_info(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
-		  const char *what, struct strbuf *sb,
-		  const char *line, const char *encoding);
-void pp_title_line(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
-		   const char **msg_p,
-		   struct strbuf *sb,
-		   const char *encoding,
-		   int need_8bit_cte);
-void pp_remainder(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
-		  const char **msg_p,
-		  struct strbuf *sb,
-		  int indent);
-
+extern const char *skip_blank_lines(const char *msg);
 
 /** Removes the first commit from a list sorted by date, and adds all
  * of its parents.
@@ -204,7 +173,6 @@ struct commit *pop_commit(struct commit_list **stack);
 
 void clear_commit_marks(struct commit *commit, unsigned int mark);
 void clear_commit_marks_many(int nr, struct commit **commit, unsigned int mark);
-void clear_commit_marks_for_object_array(struct object_array *a, unsigned mark);
 
 
 enum rev_sort_order {
@@ -226,15 +194,15 @@ enum rev_sort_order {
 void sort_in_topological_order(struct commit_list **, enum rev_sort_order);
 
 struct commit_graft {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	int nr_parent; /* < 0 if shallow commit */
-	unsigned char parent[FLEX_ARRAY][20]; /* more */
+	struct object_id parent[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 typedef int (*each_commit_graft_fn)(const struct commit_graft *, void *);
 
-struct commit_graft *read_graft_line(char *buf, int len);
-int register_commit_graft(struct commit_graft *, int);
-struct commit_graft *lookup_commit_graft(const unsigned char *sha1);
+struct commit_graft *read_graft_line(struct strbuf *line);
+int register_commit_graft(struct repository *r, struct commit_graft *, int);
+struct commit_graft *lookup_commit_graft(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid);
 
 extern struct commit_list *get_merge_bases(struct commit *rev1, struct commit *rev2);
 extern struct commit_list *get_merge_bases_many(struct commit *one, int n, struct commit **twos);
@@ -246,28 +214,30 @@ extern struct commit_list *get_merge_bases_many_dirty(struct commit *one, int n,
 /* largest positive number a signed 32-bit integer can contain */
 #define INFINITE_DEPTH 0x7fffffff
 
-struct sha1_array;
+struct oid_array;
 struct ref;
-extern int register_shallow(const unsigned char *sha1);
-extern int unregister_shallow(const unsigned char *sha1);
+extern int register_shallow(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid);
+extern int unregister_shallow(const struct object_id *oid);
 extern int for_each_commit_graft(each_commit_graft_fn, void *);
-extern int is_repository_shallow(void);
+extern int is_repository_shallow(struct repository *r);
 extern struct commit_list *get_shallow_commits(struct object_array *heads,
 		int depth, int shallow_flag, int not_shallow_flag);
-extern void set_alternate_shallow_file(const char *path, int override);
+extern struct commit_list *get_shallow_commits_by_rev_list(
+		int ac, const char **av, int shallow_flag, int not_shallow_flag);
+extern void set_alternate_shallow_file(struct repository *r, const char *path, int override);
 extern int write_shallow_commits(struct strbuf *out, int use_pack_protocol,
-				 const struct sha1_array *extra);
+				 const struct oid_array *extra);
 extern void setup_alternate_shallow(struct lock_file *shallow_lock,
 				    const char **alternate_shallow_file,
-				    const struct sha1_array *extra);
-extern const char *setup_temporary_shallow(const struct sha1_array *extra);
+				    const struct oid_array *extra);
+extern const char *setup_temporary_shallow(const struct oid_array *extra);
 extern void advertise_shallow_grafts(int);
 
 struct shallow_info {
-	struct sha1_array *shallow;
+	struct oid_array *shallow;
 	int *ours, nr_ours;
 	int *theirs, nr_theirs;
-	struct sha1_array *ref;
+	struct oid_array *ref;
 
 	/* for receive-pack */
 	uint32_t **used_shallow;
@@ -278,7 +248,7 @@ struct shallow_info {
 	int nr_commits;
 };
 
-extern void prepare_shallow_info(struct shallow_info *, struct sha1_array *);
+extern void prepare_shallow_info(struct shallow_info *, struct oid_array *);
 extern void clear_shallow_info(struct shallow_info *);
 extern void remove_nonexistent_theirs_shallow(struct shallow_info *);
 extern void assign_shallow_commits_to_refs(struct shallow_info *info,
@@ -296,12 +266,23 @@ extern int interactive_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int
 extern int run_add_interactive(const char *revision, const char *patch_mode,
 			       const struct pathspec *pathspec);
 
-static inline int single_parent(struct commit *commit)
-{
-	return commit->parents && !commit->parents->next;
-}
+/*
+ * Takes a list of commits and returns a new list where those
+ * have been removed that can be reached from other commits in
+ * the list. It is useful for, e.g., reducing the commits
+ * randomly thrown at the git-merge command and removing
+ * redundant commits that the user shouldn't have given to it.
+ *
+ * This function destroys the STALE bit of the commit objects'
+ * flags.
+ */
+extern struct commit_list *reduce_heads(struct commit_list *heads);
 
-struct commit_list *reduce_heads(struct commit_list *heads);
+/*
+ * Like `reduce_heads()`, except it replaces the list. Use this
+ * instead of `foo = reduce_heads(foo);` to avoid memory leaks.
+ */
+extern void reduce_heads_replace(struct commit_list **heads);
 
 struct commit_extra_header {
 	struct commit_extra_header *next;
@@ -314,14 +295,15 @@ extern void append_merge_tag_headers(struct commit_list *parents,
 				     struct commit_extra_header ***tail);
 
 extern int commit_tree(const char *msg, size_t msg_len,
-		       const unsigned char *tree,
-		       struct commit_list *parents, unsigned char *ret,
+		       const struct object_id *tree,
+		       struct commit_list *parents, struct object_id *ret,
 		       const char *author, const char *sign_commit);
 
 extern int commit_tree_extended(const char *msg, size_t msg_len,
-				const unsigned char *tree,
-				struct commit_list *parents, unsigned char *ret,
-				const char *author, const char *sign_commit,
+				const struct object_id *tree,
+				struct commit_list *parents,
+				struct object_id *ret, const char *author,
+				const char *sign_commit,
 				struct commit_extra_header *);
 
 extern struct commit_extra_header *read_commit_extra_headers(struct commit *, const char **);
@@ -340,18 +322,20 @@ extern const char *find_commit_header(const char *msg, const char *key,
 				      size_t *out_len);
 
 /* Find the end of the log message, the right place for a new trailer. */
-extern int ignore_non_trailer(struct strbuf *sb);
+extern int ignore_non_trailer(const char *buf, size_t len);
 
-typedef void (*each_mergetag_fn)(struct commit *commit, struct commit_extra_header *extra,
+typedef int (*each_mergetag_fn)(struct commit *commit, struct commit_extra_header *extra,
 				 void *cb_data);
 
-extern void for_each_mergetag(each_mergetag_fn fn, struct commit *commit, void *data);
+extern int for_each_mergetag(each_mergetag_fn fn, struct commit *commit, void *data);
 
 struct merge_remote_desc {
 	struct object *obj; /* the named object, could be a tag */
-	const char *name;
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
 };
-#define merge_remote_util(commit) ((struct merge_remote_desc *)((commit)->util))
+extern struct merge_remote_desc *merge_remote_util(struct commit *);
+extern void set_merge_remote_desc(struct commit *commit,
+				  const char *name, struct object *obj);
 
 /*
  * Given "name" from the command line to merge, find the commit object
@@ -364,10 +348,6 @@ extern int parse_signed_commit(const struct commit *commit,
 			       struct strbuf *message, struct strbuf *signature);
 extern int remove_signature(struct strbuf *buf);
 
-extern void print_commit_list(struct commit_list *list,
-			      const char *format_cur,
-			      const char *format_last);
-
 /*
  * Check the signature of the given commit. The result of the check is stored
  * in sig->check_result, 'G' for a good signature, 'U' for a good signature
@@ -375,9 +355,10 @@ extern void print_commit_list(struct commit_list *list,
  * at all.  This may allocate memory for sig->gpg_output, sig->gpg_status,
  * sig->signer and sig->key.
  */
-extern void check_commit_signature(const struct commit *commit, struct signature_check *sigc);
+extern int check_commit_signature(const struct commit *commit, struct signature_check *sigc);
 
 int compare_commits_by_commit_date(const void *a_, const void *b_, void *unused);
+int compare_commits_by_gen_then_commit_date(const void *a_, const void *b_, void *unused);
 
 LAST_ARG_MUST_BE_NULL
 extern int run_commit_hook(int editor_is_used, const char *index_file, const char *name, ...);
diff --git a/common-main.c b/common-main.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3728f66b4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common-main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
+#include "attr.h"
+
+/*
+ * Many parts of Git have subprograms communicate via pipe, expect the
+ * upstream of a pipe to die with SIGPIPE when the downstream of a
+ * pipe does not need to read all that is written.  Some third-party
+ * programs that ignore or block SIGPIPE for their own reason forget
+ * to restore SIGPIPE handling to the default before spawning Git and
+ * break this carefully orchestrated machinery.
+ *
+ * Restore the way SIGPIPE is handled to default, which is what we
+ * expect.
+ */
+static void restore_sigpipe_to_default(void)
+{
+	sigset_t unblock;
+
+	sigemptyset(&unblock);
+	sigaddset(&unblock, SIGPIPE);
+	sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &unblock, NULL);
+	signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Always open file descriptors 0/1/2 to avoid clobbering files
+	 * in die().  It also avoids messing up when the pipes are dup'ed
+	 * onto stdin/stdout/stderr in the child processes we spawn.
+	 */
+	sanitize_stdfds();
+
+	git_resolve_executable_dir(argv[0]);
+
+	git_setup_gettext();
+
+	initialize_the_repository();
+
+	attr_start();
+
+	restore_sigpipe_to_default();
+
+	return cmd_main(argc, argv);
+}
diff --git a/compat/apple-common-crypto.h b/compat/apple-common-crypto.h
index c8b9b0e1a6..11727f3e1e 100644
--- a/compat/apple-common-crypto.h
+++ b/compat/apple-common-crypto.h
@@ -3,12 +3,18 @@
 #define HEADER_HMAC_H
 #define HEADER_SHA_H
 #include <CommonCrypto/CommonHMAC.h>
-#define HMAC_CTX CCHmacContext
-#define HMAC_Init(hmac, key, len, algo) CCHmacInit(hmac, algo, key, len)
-#define HMAC_Update CCHmacUpdate
-#define HMAC_Final(hmac, hash, ptr) CCHmacFinal(hmac, hash)
-#define HMAC_CTX_cleanup(ignore)
 #define EVP_md5(...) kCCHmacAlgMD5
+/* CCHmac doesn't take md_len and the return type is void */
+#define HMAC git_CC_HMAC
+static inline unsigned char *git_CC_HMAC(CCHmacAlgorithm alg,
+		const void *key, int key_len,
+		const unsigned char *data, size_t data_len,
+		unsigned char *md, unsigned int *md_len)
+{
+	CCHmac(alg, key, key_len, data, data_len, md);
+	return md;
+}
+
 #if __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED >= 1070
 #define APPLE_LION_OR_NEWER
 #include <Security/Security.h>
@@ -16,6 +22,10 @@
 #undef TYPE_BOOL
 #endif
 
+#ifndef SHA1_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE
+#error Using Apple Common Crypto library requires setting SHA1_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE
+#endif
+
 #ifdef APPLE_LION_OR_NEWER
 #define git_CC_error_check(pattern, err) \
 	do { \
diff --git a/compat/basename.c b/compat/basename.c
index d8f8a3c6dc..96bd9533b4 100644
--- a/compat/basename.c
+++ b/compat/basename.c
@@ -1,15 +1,71 @@
 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
+#include "../strbuf.h"
 
 /* Adapted from libiberty's basename.c.  */
 char *gitbasename (char *path)
 {
 	const char *base;
-	/* Skip over the disk name in MSDOS pathnames. */
-	if (has_dos_drive_prefix(path))
-		path += 2;
+
+	if (path)
+		skip_dos_drive_prefix(&path);
+
+	if (!path || !*path)
+		return ".";
+
 	for (base = path; *path; path++) {
-		if (is_dir_sep(*path))
-			base = path + 1;
+		if (!is_dir_sep(*path))
+			continue;
+		do {
+			path++;
+		} while (is_dir_sep(*path));
+		if (*path)
+			base = path;
+		else
+			while (--path != base && is_dir_sep(*path))
+				*path = '\0';
 	}
 	return (char *)base;
 }
+
+char *gitdirname(char *path)
+{
+	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *p = path, *slash = NULL, c;
+	int dos_drive_prefix;
+
+	if (!p)
+		return ".";
+
+	if ((dos_drive_prefix = skip_dos_drive_prefix(&p)) && !*p)
+		goto dot;
+
+	/*
+	 * POSIX.1-2001 says dirname("/") should return "/", and dirname("//")
+	 * should return "//", but dirname("///") should return "/" again.
+	 */
+	if (is_dir_sep(*p)) {
+		if (!p[1] || (is_dir_sep(p[1]) && !p[2]))
+			return path;
+		slash = ++p;
+	}
+	while ((c = *(p++)))
+		if (is_dir_sep(c)) {
+			char *tentative = p - 1;
+
+			/* POSIX.1-2001 says to ignore trailing slashes */
+			while (is_dir_sep(*p))
+				p++;
+			if (*p)
+				slash = tentative;
+		}
+
+	if (slash) {
+		*slash = '\0';
+		return path;
+	}
+
+dot:
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%.*s.", dos_drive_prefix, path);
+	return buf.buf;
+}
diff --git a/compat/bswap.h b/compat/bswap.h
index 7fed637ed0..5078ce5ecc 100644
--- a/compat/bswap.h
+++ b/compat/bswap.h
@@ -149,31 +149,64 @@ static inline uint64_t git_bswap64(uint64_t x)
  * and is faster on architectures with memory alignment issues.
  */
 
-#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__) || \
+#if !defined(NO_UNALIGNED_LOADS) && ( \
+    defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__) || \
     defined(_M_IX86) || defined(_M_X64) || \
     defined(__ppc__) || defined(__ppc64__) || \
     defined(__powerpc__) || defined(__powerpc64__) || \
-    defined(__s390__) || defined(__s390x__)
+    defined(__s390__) || defined(__s390x__))
 
 #define get_be16(p)	ntohs(*(unsigned short *)(p))
 #define get_be32(p)	ntohl(*(unsigned int *)(p))
+#define get_be64(p)	ntohll(*(uint64_t *)(p))
 #define put_be32(p, v)	do { *(unsigned int *)(p) = htonl(v); } while (0)
+#define put_be64(p, v)	do { *(uint64_t *)(p) = htonll(v); } while (0)
 
 #else
 
-#define get_be16(p)	( \
-	(*((unsigned char *)(p) + 0) << 8) | \
-	(*((unsigned char *)(p) + 1) << 0) )
-#define get_be32(p)	( \
-	(*((unsigned char *)(p) + 0) << 24) | \
-	(*((unsigned char *)(p) + 1) << 16) | \
-	(*((unsigned char *)(p) + 2) <<  8) | \
-	(*((unsigned char *)(p) + 3) <<  0) )
-#define put_be32(p, v)	do { \
-	unsigned int __v = (v); \
-	*((unsigned char *)(p) + 0) = __v >> 24; \
-	*((unsigned char *)(p) + 1) = __v >> 16; \
-	*((unsigned char *)(p) + 2) = __v >>  8; \
-	*((unsigned char *)(p) + 3) = __v >>  0; } while (0)
+static inline uint16_t get_be16(const void *ptr)
+{
+	const unsigned char *p = ptr;
+	return	(uint16_t)p[0] << 8 |
+		(uint16_t)p[1] << 0;
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t get_be32(const void *ptr)
+{
+	const unsigned char *p = ptr;
+	return	(uint32_t)p[0] << 24 |
+		(uint32_t)p[1] << 16 |
+		(uint32_t)p[2] <<  8 |
+		(uint32_t)p[3] <<  0;
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t get_be64(const void *ptr)
+{
+	const unsigned char *p = ptr;
+	return	(uint64_t)get_be32(&p[0]) << 32 |
+		(uint64_t)get_be32(&p[4]) <<  0;
+}
+
+static inline void put_be32(void *ptr, uint32_t value)
+{
+	unsigned char *p = ptr;
+	p[0] = value >> 24;
+	p[1] = value >> 16;
+	p[2] = value >>  8;
+	p[3] = value >>  0;
+}
+
+static inline void put_be64(void *ptr, uint64_t value)
+{
+	unsigned char *p = ptr;
+	p[0] = value >> 56;
+	p[1] = value >> 48;
+	p[2] = value >> 40;
+	p[3] = value >> 32;
+	p[4] = value >> 24;
+	p[5] = value >> 16;
+	p[6] = value >>  8;
+	p[7] = value >>  0;
+}
 
 #endif
diff --git a/compat/cygwin.c b/compat/cygwin.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b9862d606d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/cygwin.c
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+#include "../cache.h"
+
+int cygwin_offset_1st_component(const char *path)
+{
+	const char *pos = path;
+	/* unc paths */
+	if (is_dir_sep(pos[0]) && is_dir_sep(pos[1])) {
+		/* skip server name */
+		pos = strchr(pos + 2, '/');
+		if (!pos)
+			return 0; /* Error: malformed unc path */
+
+		do {
+			pos++;
+		} while (*pos && pos[0] != '/');
+	}
+	return pos + is_dir_sep(*pos) - path;
+}
diff --git a/compat/cygwin.h b/compat/cygwin.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8e52de4644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/cygwin.h
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+int cygwin_offset_1st_component(const char *path);
+#define offset_1st_component cygwin_offset_1st_component
diff --git a/compat/fopen.c b/compat/fopen.c
index b5ca142fed..107b3e8182 100644
--- a/compat/fopen.c
+++ b/compat/fopen.c
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 /*
  *  The order of the following two lines is important.
  *
- *  FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES is undefined before including git-compat-util.h
+ *  SUPPRESS_FOPEN_REDEFINITION is defined before including git-compat-util.h
  *  to avoid the redefinition of fopen within git-compat-util.h. This is
  *  necessary since fopen is a macro on some platforms which may be set
  *  based on compiler options. For example, on AIX fopen is set to fopen64
  *  when _LARGE_FILES is defined. The previous technique of merely undefining
  *  fopen after including git-compat-util.h is inadequate in this case.
  */
-#undef FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES
+#define SUPPRESS_FOPEN_REDEFINITION
 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
 
 FILE *git_fopen(const char *path, const char *mode)
diff --git a/compat/hstrerror.c b/compat/hstrerror.c
index 069c555da4..b85a2fa956 100644
--- a/compat/hstrerror.c
+++ b/compat/hstrerror.c
@@ -16,6 +16,6 @@ const char *githstrerror(int err)
 	case TRY_AGAIN:
 		return "Non-authoritative \"host not found\", or SERVERFAIL";
 	}
-	sprintf(buffer, "Name resolution error %d", err);
+	snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "Name resolution error %d", err);
 	return buffer;
 }
diff --git a/compat/inet_ntop.c b/compat/inet_ntop.c
index 90b7cc45f3..68307262be 100644
--- a/compat/inet_ntop.c
+++ b/compat/inet_ntop.c
@@ -53,11 +53,11 @@ inet_ntop4(const u_char *src, char *dst, size_t size)
 	nprinted = snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), fmt, src[0], src[1], src[2], src[3]);
 	if (nprinted < 0)
 		return (NULL);	/* we assume "errno" was set by "snprintf()" */
-	if ((size_t)nprinted > size) {
+	if ((size_t)nprinted >= size) {
 		errno = ENOSPC;
 		return (NULL);
 	}
-	strcpy(dst, tmp);
+	strlcpy(dst, tmp, size);
 	return (dst);
 }
 
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ inet_ntop6(const u_char *src, char *dst, size_t size)
 		errno = ENOSPC;
 		return (NULL);
 	}
-	strcpy(dst, tmp);
+	strlcpy(dst, tmp, size);
 	return (dst);
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/compat/mingw.c b/compat/mingw.c
index 70f3191a4f..858ca14a57 100644
--- a/compat/mingw.c
+++ b/compat/mingw.c
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 #include "../run-command.h"
 #include "../cache.h"
 
+#define HCAST(type, handle) ((type)(intptr_t)handle)
+
 static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
 
 int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
@@ -284,6 +286,49 @@ int mingw_rmdir(const char *pathname)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static inline int needs_hiding(const char *path)
+{
+	const char *basename;
+
+	if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_FALSE)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* We cannot use basename(), as it would remove trailing slashes */
+	mingw_skip_dos_drive_prefix((char **)&path);
+	if (!*path)
+		return 0;
+
+	for (basename = path; *path; path++)
+		if (is_dir_sep(*path)) {
+			do {
+				path++;
+			} while (is_dir_sep(*path));
+			/* ignore trailing slashes */
+			if (*path)
+				basename = path;
+		}
+
+	if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE)
+		return *basename == '.';
+
+	assert(hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_DOTGITONLY);
+	return !strncasecmp(".git", basename, 4) &&
+		(!basename[4] || is_dir_sep(basename[4]));
+}
+
+static int set_hidden_flag(const wchar_t *path, int set)
+{
+	DWORD original = GetFileAttributesW(path), modified;
+	if (set)
+		modified = original | FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN;
+	else
+		modified = original & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN;
+	if (original == modified || SetFileAttributesW(path, modified))
+		return 0;
+	errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
+	return -1;
+}
+
 int mingw_mkdir(const char *path, int mode)
 {
 	int ret;
@@ -291,15 +336,49 @@ int mingw_mkdir(const char *path, int mode)
 	if (xutftowcs_path(wpath, path) < 0)
 		return -1;
 	ret = _wmkdir(wpath);
+	if (!ret && needs_hiding(path))
+		return set_hidden_flag(wpath, 1);
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static int mingw_open_append(wchar_t const *wfilename, int oflags, ...)
+{
+	HANDLE handle;
+	int fd;
+	DWORD create = (oflags & O_CREAT) ? OPEN_ALWAYS : OPEN_EXISTING;
+
+	/* only these flags are supported */
+	if ((oflags & ~O_CREAT) != (O_WRONLY | O_APPEND))
+		return errno = ENOSYS, -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * FILE_SHARE_WRITE is required to permit child processes
+	 * to append to the file.
+	 */
+	handle = CreateFileW(wfilename, FILE_APPEND_DATA,
+			FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_READ,
+			NULL, create, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
+	if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+		return errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError()), -1;
+	/*
+	 * No O_APPEND here, because the CRT uses it only to reset the
+	 * file pointer to EOF on write(); but that is not necessary
+	 * for a file created with FILE_APPEND_DATA.
+	 */
+	fd = _open_osfhandle((intptr_t)handle, O_BINARY);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		CloseHandle(handle);
+	return fd;
+}
+
 int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 {
+	typedef int (*open_fn_t)(wchar_t const *wfilename, int oflags, ...);
 	va_list args;
 	unsigned mode;
 	int fd;
 	wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
+	open_fn_t open_fn;
 
 	va_start(args, oflags);
 	mode = va_arg(args, int);
@@ -308,15 +387,35 @@ int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 	if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 		filename = "nul";
 
+	if (oflags & O_APPEND)
+		open_fn = mingw_open_append;
+	else
+		open_fn = _wopen;
+
 	if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 		return -1;
-	fd = _wopen(wfilename, oflags, mode);
+	fd = open_fn(wfilename, oflags, mode);
 
 	if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_ACCMODE) != O_RDONLY && errno == EACCES) {
 		DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 		if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 			errno = EISDIR;
 	}
+	if ((oflags & O_CREAT) && needs_hiding(filename)) {
+		/*
+		 * Internally, _wopen() uses the CreateFile() API which errors
+		 * out with an ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED if CREATE_ALWAYS was
+		 * specified and an already existing file's attributes do not
+		 * match *exactly*. As there is no mode or flag we can set that
+		 * would correspond to FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN, let's just try
+		 * again *without* the O_CREAT flag (that corresponds to the
+		 * CREATE_ALWAYS flag of CreateFile()).
+		 */
+		if (fd < 0 && errno == EACCES)
+			fd = open_fn(wfilename, oflags & ~O_CREAT, mode);
+		if (fd >= 0 && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 1))
+			warning("could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
+	}
 	return fd;
 }
 
@@ -348,6 +447,7 @@ int mingw_fgetc(FILE *stream)
 #undef fopen
 FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
 {
+	int hide = needs_hiding(filename);
 	FILE *file;
 	wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 	if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
@@ -355,12 +455,21 @@ FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
 	if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 		xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 		return NULL;
+	if (hide && !access(filename, F_OK) && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 0)) {
+		error("could not unhide %s", filename);
+		return NULL;
+	}
 	file = _wfopen(wfilename, wotype);
+	if (!file && GetLastError() == ERROR_INVALID_NAME)
+		errno = ENOENT;
+	if (file && hide && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 1))
+		warning("could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 	return file;
 }
 
 FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream)
 {
+	int hide = needs_hiding(filename);
 	FILE *file;
 	wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 	if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
@@ -368,7 +477,13 @@ FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream)
 	if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 		xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 		return NULL;
+	if (hide && !access(filename, F_OK) && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 0)) {
+		error("could not unhide %s", filename);
+		return NULL;
+	}
 	file = _wfreopen(wfilename, wotype, stream);
+	if (file && hide && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 1))
+		warning("could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 	return file;
 }
 
@@ -394,6 +509,23 @@ int mingw_fflush(FILE *stream)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+#undef write
+ssize_t mingw_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	ssize_t result = write(fd, buf, len);
+
+	if (result < 0 && errno == EINVAL && buf) {
+		/* check if fd is a pipe */
+		HANDLE h = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(fd);
+		if (GetFileType(h) == FILE_TYPE_PIPE)
+			errno = EPIPE;
+		else
+			errno = EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	return result;
+}
+
 int mingw_access(const char *filename, int mode)
 {
 	wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
@@ -435,6 +567,39 @@ static inline time_t filetime_to_time_t(const FILETIME *ft)
 	return (time_t)(filetime_to_hnsec(ft) / 10000000);
 }
 
+/**
+ * Verifies that safe_create_leading_directories() would succeed.
+ */
+static int has_valid_directory_prefix(wchar_t *wfilename)
+{
+	int n = wcslen(wfilename);
+
+	while (n > 0) {
+		wchar_t c = wfilename[--n];
+		DWORD attributes;
+
+		if (!is_dir_sep(c))
+			continue;
+
+		wfilename[n] = L'\0';
+		attributes = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
+		wfilename[n] = c;
+		if (attributes == FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY ||
+				attributes == FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE)
+			return 1;
+		if (attributes == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES)
+			switch (GetLastError()) {
+			case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND:
+				continue;
+			case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND:
+				/* This implies parent directory exists. */
+				return 1;
+			}
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
 /* We keep the do_lstat code in a separate function to avoid recursion.
  * When a path ends with a slash, the stat will fail with ENOENT. In
  * this case, we strip the trailing slashes and stat again.
@@ -495,6 +660,12 @@ static int do_lstat(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 	case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
 		errno = ENOMEM;
 		break;
+	case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND:
+		if (!has_valid_directory_prefix(wfilename)) {
+			errno = ENOTDIR;
+			break;
+		}
+		/* fallthru */
 	default:
 		errno = ENOENT;
 		break;
@@ -627,6 +798,17 @@ revert_attrs:
 	return rc;
 }
 
+#undef strftime
+size_t mingw_strftime(char *s, size_t max,
+		      const char *format, const struct tm *tm)
+{
+	size_t ret = strftime(s, max, format, tm);
+
+	if (!ret && errno == EINVAL)
+		die("invalid strftime format: '%s'", format);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds)
 {
 	Sleep(seconds*1000);
@@ -674,14 +856,14 @@ int pipe(int filedes[2])
 		errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 		return -1;
 	}
-	filedes[0] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[0], O_NOINHERIT);
+	filedes[0] = _open_osfhandle(HCAST(int, h[0]), O_NOINHERIT);
 	if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 		CloseHandle(h[0]);
 		CloseHandle(h[1]);
 		return -1;
 	}
-	filedes[1] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[1], O_NOINHERIT);
-	if (filedes[0] < 0) {
+	filedes[1] = _open_osfhandle(HCAST(int, h[1]), O_NOINHERIT);
+	if (filedes[1] < 0) {
 		close(filedes[0]);
 		CloseHandle(h[1]);
 		return -1;
@@ -705,15 +887,12 @@ struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 
 char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len)
 {
-	int i;
 	wchar_t wpointer[MAX_PATH];
 	if (!_wgetcwd(wpointer, ARRAY_SIZE(wpointer)))
 		return NULL;
 	if (xwcstoutf(pointer, wpointer, len) < 0)
 		return NULL;
-	for (i = 0; pointer[i]; i++)
-		if (pointer[i] == '\\')
-			pointer[i] = '/';
+	convert_slashes(pointer);
 	return pointer;
 }
 
@@ -752,7 +931,7 @@ static const char *quote_arg(const char *arg)
 		return arg;
 
 	/* insert \ where necessary */
-	d = q = xmalloc(len+n+3);
+	d = q = xmalloc(st_add3(len, n, 3));
 	*d++ = '"';
 	while (*arg) {
 		if (*arg == '"')
@@ -812,64 +991,14 @@ static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
 }
 
 /*
- * Splits the PATH into parts.
- */
-static char **get_path_split(void)
-{
-	char *p, **path, *envpath = mingw_getenv("PATH");
-	int i, n = 0;
-
-	if (!envpath || !*envpath)
-		return NULL;
-
-	envpath = xstrdup(envpath);
-	p = envpath;
-	while (p) {
-		char *dir = p;
-		p = strchr(p, ';');
-		if (p) *p++ = '\0';
-		if (*dir) {	/* not earlier, catches series of ; */
-			++n;
-		}
-	}
-	if (!n)
-		return NULL;
-
-	path = xmalloc((n+1)*sizeof(char *));
-	p = envpath;
-	i = 0;
-	do {
-		if (*p)
-			path[i++] = xstrdup(p);
-		p = p+strlen(p)+1;
-	} while (i < n);
-	path[i] = NULL;
-
-	free(envpath);
-
-	return path;
-}
-
-static void free_path_split(char **path)
-{
-	char **p = path;
-
-	if (!path)
-		return;
-
-	while (*p)
-		free(*p++);
-	free(path);
-}
-
-/*
  * exe_only means that we only want to detect .exe files, but not scripts
  * (which do not have an extension)
  */
-static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, const char *cmd, int isexe, int exe_only)
+static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, int dirlen, const char *cmd,
+			 int isexe, int exe_only)
 {
 	char path[MAX_PATH];
-	snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s.exe", dir, cmd);
+	snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%.*s\\%s.exe", dirlen, dir, cmd);
 
 	if (!isexe && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 		return xstrdup(path);
@@ -884,17 +1013,29 @@ static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, const char *cmd, int isexe, int exe_on
  * Determines the absolute path of cmd using the split path in path.
  * If cmd contains a slash or backslash, no lookup is performed.
  */
-static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, char **path, int exe_only)
+static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, int exe_only)
 {
+	const char *path;
 	char *prog = NULL;
 	int len = strlen(cmd);
 	int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
 
 	if (strchr(cmd, '/') || strchr(cmd, '\\'))
-		prog = xstrdup(cmd);
+		return xstrdup(cmd);
 
-	while (!prog && *path)
-		prog = lookup_prog(*path++, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
+	path = mingw_getenv("PATH");
+	if (!path)
+		return NULL;
+
+	while (!prog) {
+		const char *sep = strchrnul(path, ';');
+		int dirlen = sep - path;
+		if (dirlen)
+			prog = lookup_prog(path, dirlen, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
+		if (!*sep)
+			break;
+		path = sep + 1;
+	}
 
 	return prog;
 }
@@ -920,7 +1061,7 @@ static wchar_t *make_environment_block(char **deltaenv)
 		i++;
 
 	/* copy the environment, leaving space for changes */
-	tmpenv = xmalloc((size + i) * sizeof(char*));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(tmpenv, size + i);
 	memcpy(tmpenv, environ, size * sizeof(char*));
 
 	/* merge supplied environment changes into the temporary environment */
@@ -1011,7 +1152,7 @@ static pid_t mingw_spawnve_fd(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaen
 			free(quoted);
 	}
 
-	wargs = xmalloc((2 * args.len + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(wargs, st_add(st_mult(2, args.len), 1));
 	xutftowcs(wargs, args.buf, 2 * args.len + 1);
 	strbuf_release(&args);
 
@@ -1061,8 +1202,7 @@ pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
 		     int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
 {
 	pid_t pid;
-	char **path = get_path_split();
-	char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
+	char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, 0);
 
 	if (!prog) {
 		errno = ENOENT;
@@ -1073,7 +1213,7 @@ pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
 
 		if (interpr) {
 			const char *argv0 = argv[0];
-			char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
+			char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, 1);
 			argv[0] = prog;
 			if (!iprog) {
 				errno = ENOENT;
@@ -1091,26 +1231,23 @@ pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
 					       fhin, fhout, fherr);
 		free(prog);
 	}
-	free_path_split(path);
 	return pid;
 }
 
 static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
 {
 	const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(cmd);
-	char **path;
 	char *prog;
 	int pid = 0;
 
 	if (!interpr)
 		return 0;
-	path = get_path_split();
-	prog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
+	prog = path_lookup(interpr, 1);
 	if (prog) {
 		int argc = 0;
 		const char **argv2;
 		while (argv[argc]) argc++;
-		argv2 = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc+1));
+		ALLOC_ARRAY(argv2, argc + 1);
 		argv2[0] = (char *)cmd;	/* full path to the script file */
 		memcpy(&argv2[1], &argv[1], sizeof(*argv) * argc);
 		pid = mingw_spawnv(prog, argv2, 1);
@@ -1124,7 +1261,6 @@ static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
 		free(prog);
 		free(argv2);
 	}
-	free_path_split(path);
 	return pid;
 }
 
@@ -1146,8 +1282,7 @@ int mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
 
 int mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
 {
-	char **path = get_path_split();
-	char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
+	char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, 0);
 
 	if (prog) {
 		mingw_execv(prog, argv);
@@ -1155,7 +1290,6 @@ int mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
 	} else
 		errno = ENOENT;
 
-	free_path_split(path);
 	return -1;
 }
 
@@ -1584,7 +1718,12 @@ repeat:
 	if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
 	    (attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wpnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
 		if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
-			errno = EISDIR;
+			DWORD attrsold = GetFileAttributesW(wpold);
+			if (attrsold == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES ||
+			    !(attrsold & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
+				errno = EISDIR;
+			else if (!_wrmdir(wpnew))
+				goto repeat;
 			return -1;
 		}
 		if ((attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) &&
@@ -1796,47 +1935,6 @@ int mingw_raise(int sig)
 	}
 }
 
-
-static const char *make_backslash_path(const char *path)
-{
-	static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
-	char *c;
-
-	if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
-		die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
-
-	for (c = buf; *c; c++) {
-		if (*c == '/')
-			*c = '\\';
-	}
-	return buf;
-}
-
-void mingw_open_html(const char *unixpath)
-{
-	const char *htmlpath = make_backslash_path(unixpath);
-	typedef HINSTANCE (WINAPI *T)(HWND, const char *,
-			const char *, const char *, const char *, INT);
-	T ShellExecute;
-	HMODULE shell32;
-	int r;
-
-	shell32 = LoadLibrary("shell32.dll");
-	if (!shell32)
-		die("cannot load shell32.dll");
-	ShellExecute = (T)GetProcAddress(shell32, "ShellExecuteA");
-	if (!ShellExecute)
-		die("cannot run browser");
-
-	printf("Launching default browser to display HTML ...\n");
-	r = (int)ShellExecute(NULL, "open", htmlpath, NULL, "\\", SW_SHOWNORMAL);
-	FreeLibrary(shell32);
-	/* see the MSDN documentation referring to the result codes here */
-	if (r <= 32) {
-		die("failed to launch browser for %.*s", MAX_PATH, unixpath);
-	}
-}
-
 int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
 {
 	typedef BOOL (WINAPI *T)(LPCWSTR, LPCWSTR, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
@@ -1915,28 +2013,31 @@ pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options)
 	return -1;
 }
 
+int mingw_skip_dos_drive_prefix(char **path)
+{
+	int ret = has_dos_drive_prefix(*path);
+	*path += ret;
+	return ret;
+}
+
 int mingw_offset_1st_component(const char *path)
 {
-	int offset = 0;
-	if (has_dos_drive_prefix(path))
-		offset = 2;
+	char *pos = (char *)path;
 
 	/* unc paths */
-	else if (is_dir_sep(path[0]) && is_dir_sep(path[1])) {
-
+	if (!skip_dos_drive_prefix(&pos) &&
+			is_dir_sep(pos[0]) && is_dir_sep(pos[1])) {
 		/* skip server name */
-		char *pos = strpbrk(path + 2, "\\/");
+		pos = strpbrk(pos + 2, "\\/");
 		if (!pos)
 			return 0; /* Error: malformed unc path */
 
 		do {
 			pos++;
 		} while (*pos && !is_dir_sep(*pos));
-
-		offset = pos - path;
 	}
 
-	return offset + is_dir_sep(path[offset]);
+	return pos + is_dir_sep(*pos) - path;
 }
 
 int xutftowcsn(wchar_t *wcs, const char *utfs, size_t wcslen, int utflen)
@@ -2024,6 +2125,35 @@ int xwcstoutf(char *utf, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t utflen)
 	return -1;
 }
 
+static void setup_windows_environment(void)
+{
+	char *tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
+
+	/* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
+	if (!tmp) {
+		if (!(tmp = getenv("TMP")))
+			tmp = getenv("TEMP");
+		if (tmp) {
+			setenv("TMPDIR", tmp, 1);
+			tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (tmp) {
+		/*
+		 * Convert all dir separators to forward slashes,
+		 * to help shell commands called from the Git
+		 * executable (by not mistaking the dir separators
+		 * for escape characters).
+		 */
+		convert_slashes(tmp);
+	}
+
+	/* simulate TERM to enable auto-color (see color.c) */
+	if (!getenv("TERM"))
+		setenv("TERM", "cygwin", 1);
+}
+
 /*
  * Disable MSVCRT command line wildcard expansion (__getmainargs called from
  * mingw startup code, see init.c in mingw runtime).
@@ -2037,7 +2167,7 @@ typedef struct {
 extern int __wgetmainargs(int *argc, wchar_t ***argv, wchar_t ***env, int glob,
 		_startupinfo *si);
 
-static NORETURN void die_startup()
+static NORETURN void die_startup(void)
 {
 	fputs("fatal: not enough memory for initialization", stderr);
 	exit(128);
@@ -2057,20 +2187,78 @@ static char *wcstoutfdup_startup(char *buffer, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t len)
 	return memcpy(malloc_startup(len), buffer, len);
 }
 
-void mingw_startup()
+static void maybe_redirect_std_handle(const wchar_t *key, DWORD std_id, int fd,
+				      DWORD desired_access, DWORD flags)
+{
+	DWORD create_flag = fd ? OPEN_ALWAYS : OPEN_EXISTING;
+	wchar_t buf[MAX_PATH];
+	DWORD max = ARRAY_SIZE(buf);
+	HANDLE handle;
+	DWORD ret = GetEnvironmentVariableW(key, buf, max);
+
+	if (!ret || ret >= max)
+		return;
+
+	/* make sure this does not leak into child processes */
+	SetEnvironmentVariableW(key, NULL);
+	if (!wcscmp(buf, L"off")) {
+		close(fd);
+		handle = GetStdHandle(std_id);
+		if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+			CloseHandle(handle);
+		return;
+	}
+	if (std_id == STD_ERROR_HANDLE && !wcscmp(buf, L"2>&1")) {
+		handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
+		if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+			close(fd);
+			handle = GetStdHandle(std_id);
+			if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+				CloseHandle(handle);
+		} else {
+			int new_fd = _open_osfhandle((intptr_t)handle, O_BINARY);
+			SetStdHandle(std_id, handle);
+			dup2(new_fd, fd);
+			/* do *not* close the new_fd: that would close stdout */
+		}
+		return;
+	}
+	handle = CreateFileW(buf, desired_access, 0, NULL, create_flag,
+			     flags, NULL);
+	if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+		int new_fd = _open_osfhandle((intptr_t)handle, O_BINARY);
+		SetStdHandle(std_id, handle);
+		dup2(new_fd, fd);
+		close(new_fd);
+	}
+}
+
+static void maybe_redirect_std_handles(void)
+{
+	maybe_redirect_std_handle(L"GIT_REDIRECT_STDIN", STD_INPUT_HANDLE, 0,
+				  GENERIC_READ, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL);
+	maybe_redirect_std_handle(L"GIT_REDIRECT_STDOUT", STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE, 1,
+				  GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL);
+	maybe_redirect_std_handle(L"GIT_REDIRECT_STDERR", STD_ERROR_HANDLE, 2,
+				  GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING);
+}
+
+void mingw_startup(void)
 {
 	int i, maxlen, argc;
 	char *buffer;
 	wchar_t **wenv, **wargv;
 	_startupinfo si;
 
+	maybe_redirect_std_handles();
+
 	/* get wide char arguments and environment */
 	si.newmode = 0;
 	if (__wgetmainargs(&argc, &wargv, &wenv, _CRT_glob, &si) < 0)
 		die_startup();
 
 	/* determine size of argv and environ conversion buffer */
-	maxlen = wcslen(_wpgmptr);
+	maxlen = wcslen(wargv[0]);
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
 		maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wargv[i]));
 	for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
@@ -2090,8 +2278,7 @@ void mingw_startup()
 	buffer = malloc_startup(maxlen);
 
 	/* convert command line arguments and environment to UTF-8 */
-	__argv[0] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, _wpgmptr, maxlen);
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
 		__argv[i] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, wargv[i], maxlen);
 	for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
 		environ[i] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, wenv[i], maxlen);
@@ -2102,19 +2289,7 @@ void mingw_startup()
 	qsort(environ, i, sizeof(char*), compareenv);
 
 	/* fix Windows specific environment settings */
-
-	/* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
-	if (!mingw_getenv("TMPDIR")) {
-		const char *tmp = mingw_getenv("TMP");
-		if (!tmp)
-			tmp = mingw_getenv("TEMP");
-		if (tmp)
-			setenv("TMPDIR", tmp, 1);
-	}
-
-	/* simulate TERM to enable auto-color (see color.c) */
-	if (!getenv("TERM"))
-		setenv("TERM", "cygwin", 1);
+	setup_windows_environment();
 
 	/* initialize critical section for waitpid pinfo_t list */
 	InitializeCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
@@ -2128,3 +2303,16 @@ void mingw_startup()
 	/* initialize Unicode console */
 	winansi_init();
 }
+
+int uname(struct utsname *buf)
+{
+	unsigned v = (unsigned)GetVersion();
+	memset(buf, 0, sizeof(*buf));
+	xsnprintf(buf->sysname, sizeof(buf->sysname), "Windows");
+	xsnprintf(buf->release, sizeof(buf->release),
+		 "%u.%u", v & 0xff, (v >> 8) & 0xff);
+	/* assuming NT variants only.. */
+	xsnprintf(buf->version, sizeof(buf->version),
+		  "%u", (v >> 16) & 0x7fff);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/compat/mingw.h b/compat/mingw.h
index 5e499cfb71..571019d0bd 100644
--- a/compat/mingw.h
+++ b/compat/mingw.h
@@ -1,27 +1,43 @@
+#ifdef __MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <wchar.h>
+typedef _sigset_t sigset_t;
+#endif
 #include <winsock2.h>
 #include <ws2tcpip.h>
 
+/* MinGW-w64 reports to have flockfile, but it does not actually have it. */
+#ifdef __MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR
+#undef _POSIX_THREAD_SAFE_FUNCTIONS
+#endif
+
 /*
  * things that are not available in header files
  */
 
-typedef int pid_t;
 typedef int uid_t;
 typedef int socklen_t;
+#ifndef __MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR
+typedef int pid_t;
 #define hstrerror strerror
+#endif
 
 #define S_IFLNK    0120000 /* Symbolic link */
 #define S_ISLNK(x) (((x) & S_IFMT) == S_IFLNK)
 #define S_ISSOCK(x) 0
 
+#ifndef S_IRWXG
 #define S_IRGRP 0
 #define S_IWGRP 0
 #define S_IXGRP 0
 #define S_IRWXG (S_IRGRP | S_IWGRP | S_IXGRP)
+#endif
+#ifndef S_IRWXO
 #define S_IROTH 0
 #define S_IWOTH 0
 #define S_IXOTH 0
 #define S_IRWXO (S_IROTH | S_IWOTH | S_IXOTH)
+#endif
 
 #define S_ISUID 0004000
 #define S_ISGID 0002000
@@ -51,12 +67,19 @@ typedef int socklen_t;
 #define F_SETFD 2
 #define FD_CLOEXEC 0x1
 
+#if !defined O_CLOEXEC && defined O_NOINHERIT
+#define O_CLOEXEC	O_NOINHERIT
+#endif
+
 #ifndef EAFNOSUPPORT
 #define EAFNOSUPPORT WSAEAFNOSUPPORT
 #endif
 #ifndef ECONNABORTED
 #define ECONNABORTED WSAECONNABORTED
 #endif
+#ifndef ENOTSOCK
+#define ENOTSOCK WSAENOTSOCK
+#endif
 
 struct passwd {
 	char *pw_name;
@@ -76,6 +99,14 @@ struct itimerval {
 };
 #define ITIMER_REAL 0
 
+struct utsname {
+	char sysname[16];
+	char nodename[1];
+	char release[16];
+	char version[16];
+	char machine[1];
+};
+
 /*
  * sanitize preprocessor namespace polluted by Windows headers defining
  * macros which collide with git local versions
@@ -92,14 +123,14 @@ static inline int symlink(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
 { errno = ENOSYS; return -1; }
 static inline int fchmod(int fildes, mode_t mode)
 { errno = ENOSYS; return -1; }
+#ifndef __MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR
 static inline pid_t fork(void)
 { errno = ENOSYS; return -1; }
+#endif
 static inline unsigned int alarm(unsigned int seconds)
 { return 0; }
 static inline int fsync(int fd)
 { return _commit(fd); }
-static inline pid_t getppid(void)
-{ return 1; }
 static inline void sync(void)
 {}
 static inline uid_t getuid(void)
@@ -118,9 +149,16 @@ static inline int fcntl(int fd, int cmd, ...)
 #define sigemptyset(x) (void)0
 static inline int sigaddset(sigset_t *set, int signum)
 { return 0; }
+#define SIG_BLOCK 0
 #define SIG_UNBLOCK 0
 static inline int sigprocmask(int how, const sigset_t *set, sigset_t *oldset)
 { return 0; }
+static inline pid_t getppid(void)
+{ return 1; }
+static inline pid_t getpgid(pid_t pid)
+{ return pid == 0 ? getpid() : pid; }
+static inline pid_t tcgetpgrp(int fd)
+{ return getpid(); }
 
 /*
  * simple adaptors
@@ -164,13 +202,16 @@ int pipe(int filedes[2]);
 unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds);
 int mkstemp(char *template);
 int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz);
+#ifndef __MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR
 struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result);
 struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result);
+#endif
 int getpagesize(void);	/* defined in MinGW's libgcc.a */
 struct passwd *getpwuid(uid_t uid);
 int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out);
 int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out);
 int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath);
+int uname(struct utsname *buf);
 
 /*
  * replacements of existing functions
@@ -197,6 +238,9 @@ FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream);
 int mingw_fflush(FILE *stream);
 #define fflush mingw_fflush
 
+ssize_t mingw_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len);
+#define write mingw_write
+
 int mingw_access(const char *filename, int mode);
 #undef access
 #define access mingw_access
@@ -285,8 +329,10 @@ static inline int getrlimit(int resource, struct rlimit *rlp)
 /*
  * Use mingw specific stat()/lstat()/fstat() implementations on Windows.
  */
+#ifndef __MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR
 #define off_t off64_t
 #define lseek _lseeki64
+#endif
 
 /* use struct stat with 64 bit st_size */
 #ifdef stat
@@ -315,6 +361,9 @@ int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf);
 
 int mingw_utime(const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times);
 #define utime mingw_utime
+size_t mingw_strftime(char *s, size_t max,
+		   const char *format, const struct tm *tm);
+#define strftime mingw_strftime
 
 pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
 		     const char *dir,
@@ -338,6 +387,9 @@ int mingw_raise(int sig);
  * ANSI emulation wrappers
  */
 
+int winansi_isatty(int fd);
+#define isatty winansi_isatty
+
 void winansi_init(void);
 HANDLE winansi_get_osfhandle(int fd);
 
@@ -345,8 +397,15 @@ HANDLE winansi_get_osfhandle(int fd);
  * git specific compatibility
  */
 
-#define has_dos_drive_prefix(path) (isalpha(*(path)) && (path)[1] == ':')
-#define is_dir_sep(c) ((c) == '/' || (c) == '\\')
+#define has_dos_drive_prefix(path) \
+	(isalpha(*(path)) && (path)[1] == ':' ? 2 : 0)
+int mingw_skip_dos_drive_prefix(char **path);
+#define skip_dos_drive_prefix mingw_skip_dos_drive_prefix
+static inline int mingw_is_dir_sep(int c)
+{
+	return c == '/' || c == '\\';
+}
+#define is_dir_sep mingw_is_dir_sep
 static inline char *mingw_find_last_dir_sep(const char *path)
 {
 	char *ret = NULL;
@@ -355,18 +414,22 @@ static inline char *mingw_find_last_dir_sep(const char *path)
 			ret = (char *)path;
 	return ret;
 }
+static inline void convert_slashes(char *path)
+{
+	for (; *path; path++)
+		if (*path == '\\')
+			*path = '/';
+}
 #define find_last_dir_sep mingw_find_last_dir_sep
 int mingw_offset_1st_component(const char *path);
 #define offset_1st_component mingw_offset_1st_component
 #define PATH_SEP ';'
+#if !defined(__MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR) && (!defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER < 1800)
 #define PRIuMAX "I64u"
 #define PRId64 "I64d"
-
-void mingw_open_html(const char *path);
-#define open_html mingw_open_html
-
-void mingw_mark_as_git_dir(const char *dir);
-#define mark_as_git_dir mingw_mark_as_git_dir
+#else
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#endif
 
 /**
  * Converts UTF-8 encoded string to UTF-16LE.
@@ -483,10 +546,10 @@ extern CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs;
  * A replacement of main() that adds win32 specific initialization.
  */
 
-void mingw_startup();
-#define main(c,v) dummy_decl_mingw_main(); \
+void mingw_startup(void);
+#define main(c,v) dummy_decl_mingw_main(void); \
 static int mingw_main(c,v); \
-int main(int argc, char **argv) \
+int main(int argc, const char **argv) \
 { \
 	mingw_startup(); \
 	return mingw_main(__argc, (void *)__argv); \
diff --git a/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h b/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h
index f216a2a7d3..b833ff9225 100644
--- a/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h
+++ b/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h
@@ -720,6 +720,9 @@ struct mallinfo {
   inlining are defined as macros, so these aren't used for them.
 */
 
+#ifdef __MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR
+#undef FORCEINLINE
+#endif
 #ifndef FORCEINLINE
   #if defined(__GNUC__)
 #define FORCEINLINE __inline __attribute__ ((always_inline))
@@ -1382,6 +1385,7 @@ LONG __cdecl _InterlockedExchange(LONG volatile *Target, LONG Value);
 
   /*** Atomic operations ***/
   #if (__GNUC__ * 10000 + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100 + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__) > 40100
+    #undef _ReadWriteBarrier
     #define _ReadWriteBarrier() __sync_synchronize()
   #else
     static __inline__ __attribute__((always_inline)) long __sync_lock_test_and_set(volatile long * const Target, const long Value)
@@ -1798,9 +1802,10 @@ struct win32_mlock_t
   volatile long threadid;
 };
 
+static inline int return_0(int i) { return 0; }
 #define MLOCK_T               struct win32_mlock_t
 #define CURRENT_THREAD        win32_getcurrentthreadid()
-#define INITIAL_LOCK(sl)      (memset(sl, 0, sizeof(MLOCK_T)), 0)
+#define INITIAL_LOCK(sl)      (memset(sl, 0, sizeof(MLOCK_T)), return_0(0))
 #define ACQUIRE_LOCK(sl)      win32_acquire_lock(sl)
 #define RELEASE_LOCK(sl)      win32_release_lock(sl)
 #define TRY_LOCK(sl)          win32_try_lock(sl)
diff --git a/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.c b/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.c
index 609ebba125..1cc31c3502 100644
--- a/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.c
+++ b/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.c
@@ -938,32 +938,16 @@ void **nedpindependent_comalloc(nedpool *p, size_t elems, size_t *sizes, void **
 	void **ret;
 	threadcache *tc;
 	int mymspace;
-    size_t i, *adjustedsizes=(size_t *) alloca(elems*sizeof(size_t));
-    if(!adjustedsizes) return 0;
-    for(i=0; i<elems; i++)
-	adjustedsizes[i]=sizes[i]<sizeof(threadcacheblk) ? sizeof(threadcacheblk) : sizes[i];
+	size_t i, *adjustedsizes=(size_t *) alloca(elems*sizeof(size_t));
+	if(!adjustedsizes) return 0;
+	for(i=0; i<elems; i++)
+		adjustedsizes[i]=sizes[i]<sizeof(threadcacheblk) ? sizeof(threadcacheblk) : sizes[i];
 	GetThreadCache(&p, &tc, &mymspace, 0);
 	GETMSPACE(m, p, tc, mymspace, 0,
 	      ret=mspace_independent_comalloc(m, elems, adjustedsizes, chunks));
 	return ret;
 }
 
-#ifdef OVERRIDE_STRDUP
-/*
- * This implementation is purely there to override the libc version, to
- * avoid a crash due to allocation and free on different 'heaps'.
- */
-char *strdup(const char *s1)
-{
-	char *s2 = 0;
-	if (s1) {
-		s2 = malloc(strlen(s1) + 1);
-		strcpy(s2, s1);
-	}
-	return s2;
-}
-#endif
-
 #if defined(__cplusplus)
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/compat/obstack.c b/compat/obstack.c
index e276ccd7b3..4d1d95beeb 100644
--- a/compat/obstack.c
+++ b/compat/obstack.c
@@ -14,9 +14,8 @@
    Lesser General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
-   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free
-   Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
-   Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.  */
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
 
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include <gettext.h>
diff --git a/compat/obstack.h b/compat/obstack.h
index ceb4bdbcdd..6bc24b7644 100644
--- a/compat/obstack.h
+++ b/compat/obstack.h
@@ -14,9 +14,8 @@
    Lesser General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
-   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free
-   Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
-   Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.  */
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
 
 /* Summary:
 
diff --git a/compat/poll/poll.c b/compat/poll/poll.c
index a9b41d89f4..7ed3fbbea1 100644
--- a/compat/poll/poll.c
+++ b/compat/poll/poll.c
@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@
    GNU General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
-   with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
-   Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.  */
+   with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
 
 /* Tell gcc not to warn about the (nfd < 0) tests, below.  */
 #if (__GNUC__ == 4 && 3 <= __GNUC_MINOR__) || 4 < __GNUC__
@@ -76,7 +75,7 @@
 
 #ifdef WIN32_NATIVE
 
-#define IsConsoleHandle(h) (((long) (h) & 3) == 3)
+#define IsConsoleHandle(h) (((long) (intptr_t) (h) & 3) == 3)
 
 static BOOL
 IsSocketHandle (HANDLE h)
@@ -438,6 +437,10 @@ poll (struct pollfd *pfd, nfds_t nfd, int timeout)
 	    pfd[i].revents = happened;
 	    rc++;
 	  }
+	else
+	  {
+	    pfd[i].revents = 0;
+	  }
       }
 
   return rc;
@@ -446,7 +449,7 @@ poll (struct pollfd *pfd, nfds_t nfd, int timeout)
   static HANDLE hEvent;
   WSANETWORKEVENTS ev;
   HANDLE h, handle_array[FD_SETSIZE + 2];
-  DWORD ret, wait_timeout, nhandles;
+  DWORD ret, wait_timeout, nhandles, start = 0, elapsed, orig_timeout = 0;
   fd_set rfds, wfds, xfds;
   BOOL poll_again;
   MSG msg;
@@ -459,6 +462,12 @@ poll (struct pollfd *pfd, nfds_t nfd, int timeout)
       return -1;
     }
 
+  if (timeout != INFTIM)
+    {
+      orig_timeout = timeout;
+      start = GetTickCount();
+    }
+
   if (!hEvent)
     hEvent = CreateEvent (NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
 
@@ -603,7 +612,13 @@ restart:
 	rc++;
     }
 
-  if (!rc && timeout == INFTIM)
+  if (!rc && orig_timeout && timeout != INFTIM)
+    {
+      elapsed = GetTickCount() - start;
+      timeout = elapsed >= orig_timeout ? 0 : orig_timeout - elapsed;
+    }
+
+  if (!rc && timeout)
     {
       SleepEx (1, TRUE);
       goto restart;
diff --git a/compat/poll/poll.h b/compat/poll/poll.h
index b7aa59d973..cd1995292a 100644
--- a/compat/poll/poll.h
+++ b/compat/poll/poll.h
@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@
    GNU General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
-   with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
-   Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.  */
+   with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
 
 #ifndef _GL_POLL_H
 #define _GL_POLL_H
diff --git a/compat/precompose_utf8.c b/compat/precompose_utf8.c
index 95fe849e42..de61c15d34 100644
--- a/compat/precompose_utf8.c
+++ b/compat/precompose_utf8.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #define PRECOMPOSE_UNICODE_C
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
 #include "precompose_utf8.h"
 
@@ -36,24 +37,27 @@ static size_t has_non_ascii(const char *s, size_t maxlen, size_t *strlen_c)
 }
 
 
-void probe_utf8_pathname_composition(char *path, int len)
+void probe_utf8_pathname_composition(void)
 {
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
 	static const char *auml_nfc = "\xc3\xa4";
 	static const char *auml_nfd = "\x61\xcc\x88";
 	int output_fd;
 	if (precomposed_unicode != -1)
 		return; /* We found it defined in the global config, respect it */
-	strcpy(path + len, auml_nfc);
-	output_fd = open(path, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_RDWR, 0600);
+	git_path_buf(&path, "%s", auml_nfc);
+	output_fd = open(path.buf, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_RDWR, 0600);
 	if (output_fd >= 0) {
 		close(output_fd);
-		strcpy(path + len, auml_nfd);
-		precomposed_unicode = access(path, R_OK) ? 0 : 1;
-		git_config_set("core.precomposeunicode", precomposed_unicode ? "true" : "false");
-		strcpy(path + len, auml_nfc);
-		if (unlink(path))
-			die_errno(_("failed to unlink '%s'"), path);
+		git_path_buf(&path, "%s", auml_nfd);
+		precomposed_unicode = access(path.buf, R_OK) ? 0 : 1;
+		git_config_set("core.precomposeunicode",
+			       precomposed_unicode ? "true" : "false");
+		git_path_buf(&path, "%s", auml_nfc);
+		if (unlink(path.buf))
+			die_errno(_("failed to unlink '%s'"), path.buf);
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&path);
 }
 
 
@@ -139,13 +143,12 @@ struct dirent_prec_psx *precompose_utf8_readdir(PREC_DIR *prec_dir)
 				size_t inleft = namelenz;
 				char *outpos = &prec_dir->dirent_nfc->d_name[0];
 				size_t outsz = prec_dir->dirent_nfc->max_name_len;
-				size_t cnt;
 				errno = 0;
-				cnt = iconv(prec_dir->ic_precompose, &cp, &inleft, &outpos, &outsz);
+				iconv(prec_dir->ic_precompose, &cp, &inleft, &outpos, &outsz);
 				if (errno || inleft) {
 					/*
 					 * iconv() failed and errno could be E2BIG, EILSEQ, EINVAL, EBADF
-					 * MacOS X avoids illegal byte sequemces.
+					 * MacOS X avoids illegal byte sequences.
 					 * If they occur on a mounted drive (e.g. NFS) it is not worth to
 					 * die() for that, but rather let the user see the original name
 					*/
diff --git a/compat/precompose_utf8.h b/compat/precompose_utf8.h
index 3b73585fc5..6f843d3e1a 100644
--- a/compat/precompose_utf8.h
+++ b/compat/precompose_utf8.h
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef PRECOMPOSE_UNICODE_H
+#define PRECOMPOSE_UNICODE_H
+
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <dirent.h>
@@ -27,7 +29,7 @@ typedef struct {
 } PREC_DIR;
 
 void precompose_argv(int argc, const char **argv);
-void probe_utf8_pathname_composition(char *, int);
+void probe_utf8_pathname_composition(void);
 
 PREC_DIR *precompose_utf8_opendir(const char *dirname);
 struct dirent_prec_psx *precompose_utf8_readdir(PREC_DIR *dirp);
@@ -41,5 +43,4 @@ int precompose_utf8_closedir(PREC_DIR *dirp);
 #define DIR PREC_DIR
 #endif /* PRECOMPOSE_UNICODE_C */
 
-#define  PRECOMPOSE_UNICODE_H
 #endif /* PRECOMPOSE_UNICODE_H */
diff --git a/compat/qsort.c b/compat/qsort.c
index 9574d537bd..7d071afb70 100644
--- a/compat/qsort.c
+++ b/compat/qsort.c
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ static void msort_with_tmp(void *b, size_t n, size_t s,
 void git_qsort(void *b, size_t n, size_t s,
 	       int (*cmp)(const void *, const void *))
 {
-	const size_t size = n * s;
+	const size_t size = st_mult(n, s);
 	char buf[1024];
 
 	if (size < sizeof(buf)) {
diff --git a/compat/qsort_s.c b/compat/qsort_s.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..52d1f0a73d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/qsort_s.c
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
+/*
+ * A merge sort implementation, simplified from the qsort implementation
+ * by Mike Haertel, which is a part of the GNU C Library.
+ * Added context pointer, safety checks and return value.
+ */
+
+static void msort_with_tmp(void *b, size_t n, size_t s,
+			   int (*cmp)(const void *, const void *, void *),
+			   char *t, void *ctx)
+{
+	char *tmp;
+	char *b1, *b2;
+	size_t n1, n2;
+
+	if (n <= 1)
+		return;
+
+	n1 = n / 2;
+	n2 = n - n1;
+	b1 = b;
+	b2 = (char *)b + (n1 * s);
+
+	msort_with_tmp(b1, n1, s, cmp, t, ctx);
+	msort_with_tmp(b2, n2, s, cmp, t, ctx);
+
+	tmp = t;
+
+	while (n1 > 0 && n2 > 0) {
+		if (cmp(b1, b2, ctx) <= 0) {
+			memcpy(tmp, b1, s);
+			tmp += s;
+			b1 += s;
+			--n1;
+		} else {
+			memcpy(tmp, b2, s);
+			tmp += s;
+			b2 += s;
+			--n2;
+		}
+	}
+	if (n1 > 0)
+		memcpy(tmp, b1, n1 * s);
+	memcpy(b, t, (n - n2) * s);
+}
+
+int git_qsort_s(void *b, size_t n, size_t s,
+		int (*cmp)(const void *, const void *, void *), void *ctx)
+{
+	const size_t size = st_mult(n, s);
+	char buf[1024];
+
+	if (!n)
+		return 0;
+	if (!b || !cmp)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (size < sizeof(buf)) {
+		/* The temporary array fits on the small on-stack buffer. */
+		msort_with_tmp(b, n, s, cmp, buf, ctx);
+	} else {
+		/* It's somewhat large, so malloc it.  */
+		char *tmp = xmalloc(size);
+		msort_with_tmp(b, n, s, cmp, tmp, ctx);
+		free(tmp);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/compat/regex/regcomp.c b/compat/regex/regcomp.c
index 06f3088708..51cd60baa3 100644
--- a/compat/regex/regcomp.c
+++ b/compat/regex/regcomp.c
@@ -14,9 +14,8 @@
    Lesser General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
-   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free
-   Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
-   02110-1301 USA.  */
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
 
 static reg_errcode_t re_compile_internal (regex_t *preg, const char * pattern,
 					  size_t length, reg_syntax_t syntax);
@@ -2577,7 +2576,7 @@ parse_dup_op (bin_tree_t *elem, re_string_t *regexp, re_dfa_t *dfa,
     old_tree = NULL;
 
   if (elem->token.type == SUBEXP)
-    postorder (elem, mark_opt_subexp, (void *) (long) elem->token.opr.idx);
+    postorder (elem, mark_opt_subexp, (void *) (intptr_t) elem->token.opr.idx);
 
   tree = create_tree (dfa, elem, NULL, (end == -1 ? OP_DUP_ASTERISK : OP_ALT));
   if (BE (tree == NULL, 0))
@@ -3806,7 +3805,7 @@ create_token_tree (re_dfa_t *dfa, bin_tree_t *left, bin_tree_t *right,
 static reg_errcode_t
 mark_opt_subexp (void *extra, bin_tree_t *node)
 {
-  int idx = (int) (long) extra;
+  int idx = (int) (intptr_t) extra;
   if (node->token.type == SUBEXP && node->token.opr.idx == idx)
     node->token.opt_subexp = 1;
 
diff --git a/compat/regex/regex.c b/compat/regex/regex.c
index 6aaae00327..f3e03a9eab 100644
--- a/compat/regex/regex.c
+++ b/compat/regex/regex.c
@@ -14,9 +14,8 @@
    Lesser General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
-   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free
-   Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
-   02110-1301 USA.  */
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
 
 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
 #include "config.h"
@@ -60,6 +59,7 @@
    GNU regex allows.  Include it before <regex.h>, which correctly
    #undefs RE_DUP_MAX and sets it to the right value.  */
 #include <limits.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
 
 #ifdef GAWK
 #undef alloca
diff --git a/compat/regex/regex.h b/compat/regex/regex.h
index 61c9683872..4d81358a83 100644
--- a/compat/regex/regex.h
+++ b/compat/regex/regex.h
@@ -18,9 +18,8 @@
    Lesser General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
-   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free
-   Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
-   02110-1301 USA.  */
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
 
 #ifndef _REGEX_H
 #define _REGEX_H 1
diff --git a/compat/regex/regex_internal.c b/compat/regex/regex_internal.c
index d4121f2f4f..59bf151336 100644
--- a/compat/regex/regex_internal.c
+++ b/compat/regex/regex_internal.c
@@ -14,9 +14,8 @@
    Lesser General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
-   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free
-   Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
-   02110-1301 USA.  */
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
 
 static void re_string_construct_common (const char *str, int len,
 					re_string_t *pstr,
@@ -613,7 +612,7 @@ re_string_reconstruct (re_string_t *pstr, int idx, int eflags)
 	      int low = 0, high = pstr->valid_len, mid;
 	      do
 		{
-		  mid = (high + low) / 2;
+		  mid = low + (high - low) / 2;
 		  if (pstr->offsets[mid] > offset)
 		    high = mid;
 		  else if (pstr->offsets[mid] < offset)
@@ -1394,7 +1393,7 @@ re_node_set_contains (const re_node_set *set, int elem)
   right = set->nelem - 1;
   while (idx < right)
     {
-      mid = (idx + right) / 2;
+      mid = idx + (right - idx) / 2;
       if (set->elems[mid] < elem)
 	idx = mid + 1;
       else
diff --git a/compat/regex/regex_internal.h b/compat/regex/regex_internal.h
index 4184d7f5a6..3ee8aae59d 100644
--- a/compat/regex/regex_internal.h
+++ b/compat/regex/regex_internal.h
@@ -14,9 +14,8 @@
    Lesser General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
-   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free
-   Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
-   02111-1307 USA.  */
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
 
 #ifndef _REGEX_INTERNAL_H
 #define _REGEX_INTERNAL_H 1
diff --git a/compat/regex/regexec.c b/compat/regex/regexec.c
index eb5e1d4439..1b5d89fd5e 100644
--- a/compat/regex/regexec.c
+++ b/compat/regex/regexec.c
@@ -14,9 +14,8 @@
    Lesser General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
-   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free
-   Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
-   02110-1301 USA.  */
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
 
 static reg_errcode_t match_ctx_init (re_match_context_t *cache, int eflags,
 				     int n) internal_function;
@@ -4102,7 +4101,7 @@ extend_buffers (re_match_context_t *mctx)
   if (BE (INT_MAX / 2 / sizeof (re_dfastate_t *) <= pstr->bufs_len, 0))
     return REG_ESPACE;
 
-  /* Double the lengthes of the buffers.  */
+  /* Double the lengths of the buffers.  */
   ret = re_string_realloc_buffers (pstr, pstr->bufs_len * 2);
   if (BE (ret != REG_NOERROR, 0))
     return ret;
@@ -4284,7 +4283,7 @@ search_cur_bkref_entry (const re_match_context_t *mctx, int str_idx)
   last = right = mctx->nbkref_ents;
   for (left = 0; left < right;)
     {
-      mid = (left + right) / 2;
+      mid = left + (right - left) / 2;
       if (mctx->bkref_ents[mid].str_idx < str_idx)
 	left = mid + 1;
       else
diff --git a/compat/setenv.c b/compat/setenv.c
index fc1439a643..7849f258d2 100644
--- a/compat/setenv.c
+++ b/compat/setenv.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ int gitsetenv(const char *name, const char *value, int replace)
 
 	namelen = strlen(name);
 	valuelen = strlen(value);
-	envstr = malloc((namelen + valuelen + 2));
+	envstr = malloc(st_add3(namelen, valuelen, 2));
 	if (!envstr) {
 		errno = ENOMEM;
 		return -1;
diff --git a/compat/sha1-chunked.c b/compat/sha1-chunked.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6adfcfd540
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/sha1-chunked.c
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+
+int git_SHA1_Update_Chunked(platform_SHA_CTX *c, const void *data, size_t len)
+{
+	size_t nr;
+	size_t total = 0;
+	const char *cdata = (const char*)data;
+
+	while (len) {
+		nr = len;
+		if (nr > SHA1_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE)
+			nr = SHA1_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE;
+		platform_SHA1_Update(c, cdata, nr);
+		total += nr;
+		cdata += nr;
+		len -= nr;
+	}
+	return total;
+}
diff --git a/compat/sha1-chunked.h b/compat/sha1-chunked.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7b2df28eec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/sha1-chunked.h
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+int git_SHA1_Update_Chunked(platform_SHA_CTX *c, const void *data, size_t len);
diff --git a/compat/snprintf.c b/compat/snprintf.c
index 42ea1ac110..0b11688537 100644
--- a/compat/snprintf.c
+++ b/compat/snprintf.c
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
  * always have room for a trailing NUL byte.
  */
 #ifndef SNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR
-#if defined(WIN32) && (!defined(__GNUC__) || __GNUC__ < 4)
+#if defined(WIN32) && (!defined(__GNUC__) || __GNUC__ < 4) && (!defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER < 1900)
 #define SNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR 1
 #else
 #define SNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR 0
diff --git a/compat/strdup.c b/compat/strdup.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f3fb978eb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/strdup.c
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
+char *gitstrdup(const char *s1)
+{
+	size_t len = strlen(s1) + 1;
+	char *s2 = malloc(len);
+
+	if (s2)
+		memcpy(s2, s1, len);
+	return s2;
+}
diff --git a/compat/terminal.c b/compat/terminal.c
index 313897d581..fa13ee672d 100644
--- a/compat/terminal.c
+++ b/compat/terminal.c
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ char *git_terminal_prompt(const char *prompt, int echo)
 	fputs(prompt, output_fh);
 	fflush(output_fh);
 
-	r = strbuf_getline(&buf, input_fh, '\n');
+	r = strbuf_getline_lf(&buf, input_fh);
 	if (!echo) {
 		putc('\n', output_fh);
 		fflush(output_fh);
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/README b/compat/vcbuild/README
index df8a6574c9..60fd873fe8 100644
--- a/compat/vcbuild/README
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/README
@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@ The Steps of Build Git with VS2008
    the git operations.
 
 3. Inside Git's directory run the command:
-       make common-cmds.h
-   to generate the common-cmds.h file needed to compile git.
+       make command-list.h
+   to generate the command-list.h file needed to compile git.
 
 4. Then either build Git with the GNU Make Makefile in the Git projects
    root
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/unistd.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/unistd.h
index c65c2cd566..3a959d124c 100644
--- a/compat/vcbuild/include/unistd.h
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/unistd.h
@@ -45,11 +45,15 @@ typedef unsigned long long uintmax_t;
 
 typedef int64_t off64_t;
 
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER < 1600
 #define INTMAX_MIN  _I64_MIN
 #define INTMAX_MAX  _I64_MAX
 #define UINTMAX_MAX _UI64_MAX
 
 #define UINT32_MAX 0xffffffff  /* 4294967295U */
+#else
+#include <stdint.h>
+#endif
 
 #define STDIN_FILENO  0
 #define STDOUT_FILENO 1
diff --git a/compat/win32/lazyload.h b/compat/win32/lazyload.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e631c8593
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/win32/lazyload.h
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#ifndef LAZYLOAD_H
+#define LAZYLOAD_H
+
+/*
+ * A pair of macros to simplify loading of DLL functions. Example:
+ *
+ *   DECLARE_PROC_ADDR(kernel32.dll, BOOL, CreateHardLinkW,
+ *                     LPCWSTR, LPCWSTR, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
+ *
+ *   if (!INIT_PROC_ADDR(CreateHardLinkW))
+ *           return error("Could not find CreateHardLinkW() function";
+ *
+ *   if (!CreateHardLinkW(source, target, NULL))
+ *           return error("could not create hardlink from %S to %S",
+ *                        source, target);
+ */
+
+struct proc_addr {
+	const char *const dll;
+	const char *const function;
+	FARPROC pfunction;
+	unsigned initialized : 1;
+};
+
+/* Declares a function to be loaded dynamically from a DLL. */
+#define DECLARE_PROC_ADDR(dll, rettype, function, ...) \
+	static struct proc_addr proc_addr_##function = \
+	{ #dll, #function, NULL, 0 }; \
+	static rettype (WINAPI *function)(__VA_ARGS__)
+
+/*
+ * Loads a function from a DLL (once-only).
+ * Returns non-NULL function pointer on success.
+ * Returns NULL + errno == ENOSYS on failure.
+ * This function is not thread-safe.
+ */
+#define INIT_PROC_ADDR(function) \
+	(function = get_proc_addr(&proc_addr_##function))
+
+static inline void *get_proc_addr(struct proc_addr *proc)
+{
+	/* only do this once */
+	if (!proc->initialized) {
+		HANDLE hnd;
+		proc->initialized = 1;
+		hnd = LoadLibraryExA(proc->dll, NULL,
+				     LOAD_LIBRARY_SEARCH_SYSTEM32);
+		if (hnd)
+			proc->pfunction = GetProcAddress(hnd, proc->function);
+	}
+	/* set ENOSYS if DLL or function was not found */
+	if (!proc->pfunction)
+		errno = ENOSYS;
+	return proc->pfunction;
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/compat/win32/pthread.h b/compat/win32/pthread.h
index 8ad187344f..1c164088fb 100644
--- a/compat/win32/pthread.h
+++ b/compat/win32/pthread.h
@@ -18,7 +18,10 @@
  */
 #define pthread_mutex_t CRITICAL_SECTION
 
-#define pthread_mutex_init(a,b) (InitializeCriticalSection((a)), 0)
+static inline int return_0(int i) {
+	return 0;
+}
+#define pthread_mutex_init(a,b) return_0((InitializeCriticalSection((a)), 0))
 #define pthread_mutex_destroy(a) DeleteCriticalSection((a))
 #define pthread_mutex_lock EnterCriticalSection
 #define pthread_mutex_unlock LeaveCriticalSection
@@ -75,9 +78,9 @@ extern int win32_pthread_join(pthread_t *thread, void **value_ptr);
 #define pthread_equal(t1, t2) ((t1).tid == (t2).tid)
 extern pthread_t pthread_self(void);
 
-static inline int pthread_exit(void *ret)
+static inline void NORETURN pthread_exit(void *ret)
 {
-	ExitThread((DWORD)ret);
+	ExitThread((DWORD)(intptr_t)ret);
 }
 
 typedef DWORD pthread_key_t;
@@ -101,4 +104,11 @@ static inline void *pthread_getspecific(pthread_key_t key)
 	return TlsGetValue(key);
 }
 
+#ifndef __MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR
+static inline int pthread_sigmask(int how, const sigset_t *set, sigset_t *oset)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
 #endif /* PTHREAD_H */
diff --git a/compat/win32/syslog.c b/compat/win32/syslog.c
index d015e436d5..161978d720 100644
--- a/compat/win32/syslog.c
+++ b/compat/win32/syslog.c
@@ -28,13 +28,13 @@ void syslog(int priority, const char *fmt, ...)
 	va_end(ap);
 
 	if (str_len < 0) {
-		warning("vsnprintf failed: '%s'", strerror(errno));
+		warning_errno("vsnprintf failed");
 		return;
 	}
 
-	str = malloc(str_len + 1);
+	str = malloc(st_add(str_len, 1));
 	if (!str) {
-		warning("malloc failed: '%s'", strerror(errno));
+		warning_errno("malloc failed");
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -43,9 +43,11 @@ void syslog(int priority, const char *fmt, ...)
 	va_end(ap);
 
 	while ((pos = strstr(str, "%1")) != NULL) {
-		str = realloc(str, ++str_len + 1);
+		char *oldstr = str;
+		str = realloc(str, st_add(++str_len, 1));
 		if (!str) {
-			warning("realloc failed: '%s'", strerror(errno));
+			free(oldstr);
+			warning_errno("realloc failed");
 			return;
 		}
 		memmove(pos + 2, pos + 1, strlen(pos));
diff --git a/compat/win32mmap.c b/compat/win32mmap.c
index 80a8c9af4f..519d51f2b6 100644
--- a/compat/win32mmap.c
+++ b/compat/win32mmap.c
@@ -2,37 +2,42 @@
 
 void *git_mmap(void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset)
 {
-	HANDLE hmap;
+	HANDLE osfhandle, hmap;
 	void *temp;
-	off_t len;
-	struct stat st;
+	LARGE_INTEGER len;
 	uint64_t o = offset;
 	uint32_t l = o & 0xFFFFFFFF;
 	uint32_t h = (o >> 32) & 0xFFFFFFFF;
 
-	if (!fstat(fd, &st))
-		len = st.st_size;
-	else
+	osfhandle = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
+	if (!GetFileSizeEx(osfhandle, &len))
 		die("mmap: could not determine filesize");
 
-	if ((length + offset) > len)
-		length = xsize_t(len - offset);
+	if ((length + offset) > len.QuadPart)
+		length = xsize_t(len.QuadPart - offset);
 
 	if (!(flags & MAP_PRIVATE))
 		die("Invalid usage of mmap when built with USE_WIN32_MMAP");
 
-	hmap = CreateFileMapping((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd), NULL,
-		PAGE_WRITECOPY, 0, 0, NULL);
+	hmap = CreateFileMapping(osfhandle, NULL,
+		prot == PROT_READ ? PAGE_READONLY : PAGE_WRITECOPY, 0, 0, NULL);
 
-	if (!hmap)
+	if (!hmap) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
 		return MAP_FAILED;
+	}
 
-	temp = MapViewOfFileEx(hmap, FILE_MAP_COPY, h, l, length, start);
+	temp = MapViewOfFileEx(hmap, prot == PROT_READ ?
+			FILE_MAP_READ : FILE_MAP_COPY, h, l, length, start);
 
 	if (!CloseHandle(hmap))
 		warning("unable to close file mapping handle");
 
-	return temp ? temp : MAP_FAILED;
+	if (temp)
+		return temp;
+
+	errno = GetLastError() == ERROR_COMMITMENT_LIMIT ? EFBIG : EINVAL;
+	return MAP_FAILED;
 }
 
 int git_munmap(void *start, size_t length)
diff --git a/compat/winansi.c b/compat/winansi.c
index efc5bb3a4b..a11a0f16d2 100644
--- a/compat/winansi.c
+++ b/compat/winansi.c
@@ -6,6 +6,12 @@
 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
 #include <wingdi.h>
 #include <winreg.h>
+#include "win32.h"
+
+static int fd_is_interactive[3] = { 0, 0, 0 };
+#define FD_CONSOLE 0x1
+#define FD_SWAPPED 0x2
+#define FD_MSYS    0x4
 
 /*
  ANSI codes used by git: m, K
@@ -23,6 +29,7 @@ static HANDLE hthread, hread, hwrite;
 static HANDLE hconsole1, hconsole2;
 
 #ifdef __MINGW32__
+#if !defined(__MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR) || __MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR < 5
 typedef struct _CONSOLE_FONT_INFOEX {
 	ULONG cbSize;
 	DWORD nFont;
@@ -32,6 +39,7 @@ typedef struct _CONSOLE_FONT_INFOEX {
 	WCHAR FaceName[LF_FACESIZE];
 } CONSOLE_FONT_INFOEX, *PCONSOLE_FONT_INFOEX;
 #endif
+#endif
 
 typedef BOOL (WINAPI *PGETCURRENTCONSOLEFONTEX)(HANDLE, BOOL,
 		PCONSOLE_FONT_INFOEX);
@@ -79,6 +87,7 @@ static void warn_if_raster_font(void)
 static int is_console(int fd)
 {
 	CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO sbi;
+	DWORD mode;
 	HANDLE hcon;
 
 	static int initialized = 0;
@@ -93,9 +102,22 @@ static int is_console(int fd)
 		return 0;
 
 	/* check if its a handle to a console output screen buffer */
-	if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hcon, &sbi))
+	if (!fd) {
+		if (!GetConsoleMode(hcon, &mode))
+			return 0;
+		/*
+		 * This code path is only reached if there is no console
+		 * attached to stdout/stderr, i.e. we will not need to output
+		 * any text to any console, therefore we might just as well
+		 * use black as foreground color.
+		 */
+		sbi.wAttributes = 0;
+	} else if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hcon, &sbi))
 		return 0;
 
+	if (fd >= 0 && fd <= 2)
+		fd_is_interactive[fd] |= FD_CONSOLE;
+
 	/* initialize attributes */
 	if (!initialized) {
 		console = hcon;
@@ -118,6 +140,11 @@ static void write_console(unsigned char *str, size_t len)
 
 	/* convert utf-8 to utf-16 */
 	int wlen = xutftowcsn(wbuf, (char*) str, ARRAY_SIZE(wbuf), len);
+	if (wlen < 0) {
+		wchar_t *err = L"[invalid]";
+		WriteConsoleW(console, err, wcslen(err), &dummy, NULL);
+		return;
+	}
 
 	/* write directly to console */
 	WriteConsoleW(console, wbuf, wlen, &dummy, NULL);
@@ -452,79 +479,109 @@ static HANDLE duplicate_handle(HANDLE hnd)
 	HANDLE hresult, hproc = GetCurrentProcess();
 	if (!DuplicateHandle(hproc, hnd, hproc, &hresult, 0, TRUE,
 			DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS))
-		die_lasterr("DuplicateHandle(%li) failed", (long) hnd);
+		die_lasterr("DuplicateHandle(%li) failed",
+			(long) (intptr_t) hnd);
 	return hresult;
 }
 
+static HANDLE swap_osfhnd(int fd, HANDLE new_handle)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Create a copy of the original handle associated with fd
+	 * because the original will get closed when we dup2().
+	 */
+	HANDLE handle = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
+	HANDLE duplicate = duplicate_handle(handle);
+
+	/* Create a temp fd associated with the already open "new_handle". */
+	int new_fd = _open_osfhandle((intptr_t)new_handle, O_BINARY);
+
+	assert((fd == 1) || (fd == 2));
+
+	/*
+	 * Use stock dup2() to re-bind fd to the new handle.  Note that
+	 * this will implicitly close(1) and close both fd=1 and the
+	 * originally associated handle.  It will open a new fd=1 and
+	 * call DuplicateHandle() on the handle associated with new_fd.
+	 * It is because of this implicit close() that we created the
+	 * copy of the original.
+	 *
+	 * Note that we need to update the cached console handle to the
+	 * duplicated one because the dup2() call will implicitly close
+	 * the original one.
+	 *
+	 * Note that dup2() when given target := {0,1,2} will also
+	 * call SetStdHandle(), so we don't need to worry about that.
+	 */
+	if (console == handle)
+		console = duplicate;
+	dup2(new_fd, fd);
+
+	/* Close the temp fd.  This explicitly closes "new_handle"
+	 * (because it has been associated with it).
+	 */
+	close(new_fd);
+
+	if (fd == 2)
+		setvbuf(stderr, NULL, _IONBF, BUFSIZ);
+	fd_is_interactive[fd] |= FD_SWAPPED;
+
+	return duplicate;
+}
 
-/*
- * Make MSVCRT's internal file descriptor control structure accessible
- * so that we can tweak OS handles and flags directly (we need MSVCRT
- * to treat our pipe handle as if it were a console).
- *
- * We assume that the ioinfo structure (exposed by MSVCRT.dll via
- * __pioinfo) starts with the OS handle and the flags. The exact size
- * varies between MSVCRT versions, so we try different sizes until
- * toggling the FDEV bit of _pioinfo(1)->osflags is reflected in
- * isatty(1).
- */
-typedef struct {
-	HANDLE osfhnd;
-	char osflags;
-} ioinfo;
-
-extern __declspec(dllimport) ioinfo *__pioinfo[];
+#ifdef DETECT_MSYS_TTY
 
-static size_t sizeof_ioinfo = 0;
+#include <winternl.h>
+#include <ntstatus.h>
 
-#define IOINFO_L2E 5
-#define IOINFO_ARRAY_ELTS (1 << IOINFO_L2E)
+static void detect_msys_tty(int fd)
+{
+	ULONG result;
+	BYTE buffer[1024];
+	POBJECT_NAME_INFORMATION nameinfo = (POBJECT_NAME_INFORMATION) buffer;
+	PWSTR name;
+
+	/* check if fd is a pipe */
+	HANDLE h = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(fd);
+	if (GetFileType(h) != FILE_TYPE_PIPE)
+		return;
 
-#define FDEV  0x40
+	/* get pipe name */
+	if (!NT_SUCCESS(NtQueryObject(h, ObjectNameInformation,
+			buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 2, &result)))
+		return;
+	name = nameinfo->Name.Buffer;
+	name[nameinfo->Name.Length / sizeof(*name)] = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check if this could be a MSYS2 pty pipe ('msys-XXXX-ptyN-XX')
+	 * or a cygwin pty pipe ('cygwin-XXXX-ptyN-XX')
+	 */
+	if ((!wcsstr(name, L"msys-") && !wcsstr(name, L"cygwin-")) ||
+			!wcsstr(name, L"-pty"))
+		return;
 
-static inline ioinfo* _pioinfo(int fd)
-{
-	return (ioinfo*)((char*)__pioinfo[fd >> IOINFO_L2E] +
-			(fd & (IOINFO_ARRAY_ELTS - 1)) * sizeof_ioinfo);
+	if (fd == 2)
+		setvbuf(stderr, NULL, _IONBF, BUFSIZ);
+	fd_is_interactive[fd] |= FD_MSYS;
 }
 
-static int init_sizeof_ioinfo()
-{
-	int istty, wastty;
-	/* don't init twice */
-	if (sizeof_ioinfo)
-		return sizeof_ioinfo >= 256;
-
-	sizeof_ioinfo = sizeof(ioinfo);
-	wastty = isatty(1);
-	while (sizeof_ioinfo < 256) {
-		/* toggle FDEV flag, check isatty, then toggle back */
-		_pioinfo(1)->osflags ^= FDEV;
-		istty = isatty(1);
-		_pioinfo(1)->osflags ^= FDEV;
-		/* return if we found the correct size */
-		if (istty != wastty)
-			return 0;
-		sizeof_ioinfo += sizeof(void*);
-	}
-	error("Tweaking file descriptors doesn't work with this MSVCRT.dll");
-	return 1;
-}
+#endif
 
-static HANDLE swap_osfhnd(int fd, HANDLE new_handle)
+/*
+ * Wrapper for isatty().  Most calls in the main git code
+ * call isatty(1 or 2) to see if the instance is interactive
+ * and should: be colored, show progress, paginate output.
+ * We lie and give results for what the descriptor WAS at
+ * startup (and ignore any pipe redirection we internally
+ * do).
+ */
+#undef isatty
+int winansi_isatty(int fd)
 {
-	ioinfo *pioinfo;
-	HANDLE old_handle;
-
-	/* init ioinfo size if we haven't done so */
-	if (init_sizeof_ioinfo())
-		return INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-
-	/* get ioinfo pointer and change the handles */
-	pioinfo = _pioinfo(fd);
-	old_handle = pioinfo->osfhnd;
-	pioinfo->osfhnd = new_handle;
-	return old_handle;
+	if (fd >= 0 && fd <= 2)
+		return fd_is_interactive[fd] != 0;
+	return isatty(fd);
 }
 
 void winansi_init(void)
@@ -535,11 +592,22 @@ void winansi_init(void)
 	/* check if either stdout or stderr is a console output screen buffer */
 	con1 = is_console(1);
 	con2 = is_console(2);
-	if (!con1 && !con2)
+
+	/* Also compute console bit for fd 0 even though we don't need the result here. */
+	is_console(0);
+
+	if (!con1 && !con2) {
+#ifdef DETECT_MSYS_TTY
+		/* check if stdin / stdout / stderr are MSYS2 pty pipes */
+		detect_msys_tty(0);
+		detect_msys_tty(1);
+		detect_msys_tty(2);
+#endif
 		return;
+	}
 
 	/* create a named pipe to communicate with the console thread */
-	sprintf(name, "\\\\.\\pipe\\winansi%lu", GetCurrentProcessId());
+	xsnprintf(name, sizeof(name), "\\\\.\\pipe\\winansi%lu", GetCurrentProcessId());
 	hwrite = CreateNamedPipe(name, PIPE_ACCESS_OUTBOUND,
 		PIPE_TYPE_BYTE | PIPE_WAIT, 1, BUFFER_SIZE, 0, 0, NULL);
 	if (hwrite == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
@@ -571,9 +639,10 @@ void winansi_init(void)
  */
 HANDLE winansi_get_osfhandle(int fd)
 {
-	HANDLE hnd = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(fd);
-	if ((fd == 1 || fd == 2) && isatty(fd)
-	    && GetFileType(hnd) == FILE_TYPE_PIPE)
-		return (fd == 1) ? hconsole1 : hconsole2;
-	return hnd;
+	if (fd == 1 && (fd_is_interactive[1] & FD_SWAPPED))
+		return hconsole1;
+	if (fd == 2 && (fd_is_interactive[2] & FD_SWAPPED))
+		return hconsole2;
+
+	return (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
 }
diff --git a/config.c b/config.c
index 66c0a51bce..9a0b10d4bc 100644
--- a/config.c
+++ b/config.c
@@ -6,12 +6,19 @@
  *
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "branch.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "hashmap.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "color.h"
 
 struct config_source {
 	struct config_source *prev;
@@ -23,33 +30,56 @@ struct config_source {
 			size_t pos;
 		} buf;
 	} u;
+	enum config_origin_type origin_type;
 	const char *name;
 	const char *path;
-	int die_on_error;
+	enum config_error_action default_error_action;
 	int linenr;
 	int eof;
 	struct strbuf value;
 	struct strbuf var;
+	unsigned subsection_case_sensitive : 1;
 
 	int (*do_fgetc)(struct config_source *c);
 	int (*do_ungetc)(int c, struct config_source *conf);
 	long (*do_ftell)(struct config_source *c);
 };
 
+/*
+ * These variables record the "current" config source, which
+ * can be accessed by parsing callbacks.
+ *
+ * The "cf" variable will be non-NULL only when we are actually parsing a real
+ * config source (file, blob, cmdline, etc).
+ *
+ * The "current_config_kvi" variable will be non-NULL only when we are feeding
+ * cached config from a configset into a callback.
+ *
+ * They should generally never be non-NULL at the same time. If they are both
+ * NULL, then we aren't parsing anything (and depending on the function looking
+ * at the variables, it's either a bug for it to be called in the first place,
+ * or it's a function which can be reused for non-config purposes, and should
+ * fall back to some sane behavior).
+ */
 static struct config_source *cf;
-
-static int zlib_compression_seen;
+static struct key_value_info *current_config_kvi;
 
 /*
- * Default config_set that contains key-value pairs from the usual set of config
- * config files (i.e repo specific .git/config, user wide ~/.gitconfig, XDG
- * config file and the global /etc/gitconfig)
+ * Similar to the variables above, this gives access to the "scope" of the
+ * current value (repo, global, etc). For cached values, it can be found via
+ * the current_config_kvi as above. During parsing, the current value can be
+ * found in this variable. It's not part of "cf" because it transcends a single
+ * file (i.e., a file included from .git/config is still in "repo" scope).
  */
-static struct config_set the_config_set;
+static enum config_scope current_parsing_scope;
+
+static int core_compression_seen;
+static int pack_compression_seen;
+static int zlib_compression_seen;
 
 static int config_file_fgetc(struct config_source *conf)
 {
-	return fgetc(conf->u.file);
+	return getc_unlocked(conf->u.file);
 }
 
 static int config_file_ungetc(int c, struct config_source *conf)
@@ -76,7 +106,7 @@ static int config_buf_ungetc(int c, struct config_source *conf)
 	if (conf->u.buf.pos > 0) {
 		conf->u.buf.pos--;
 		if (conf->u.buf.buf[conf->u.buf.pos] != c)
-			die("BUG: config_buf can only ungetc the same character");
+			BUG("config_buf can only ungetc the same character");
 		return c;
 	}
 
@@ -89,12 +119,12 @@ static long config_buf_ftell(struct config_source *conf)
 }
 
 #define MAX_INCLUDE_DEPTH 10
-static const char include_depth_advice[] =
+static const char include_depth_advice[] = N_(
 "exceeded maximum include depth (%d) while including\n"
 "	%s\n"
 "from\n"
 "	%s\n"
-"Do you have circular includes?";
+"Do you have circular includes?");
 static int handle_path_include(const char *path, struct config_include_data *inc)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
@@ -104,9 +134,9 @@ static int handle_path_include(const char *path, struct config_include_data *inc
 	if (!path)
 		return config_error_nonbool("include.path");
 
-	expanded = expand_user_path(path);
+	expanded = expand_user_path(path, 0);
 	if (!expanded)
-		return error("Could not expand include path '%s'", path);
+		return error(_("could not expand include path '%s'"), path);
 	path = expanded;
 
 	/*
@@ -117,7 +147,7 @@ static int handle_path_include(const char *path, struct config_include_data *inc
 		char *slash;
 
 		if (!cf || !cf->path)
-			return error("relative config includes must come from files");
+			return error(_("relative config includes must come from files"));
 
 		slash = find_last_dir_sep(cf->path);
 		if (slash)
@@ -128,8 +158,10 @@ static int handle_path_include(const char *path, struct config_include_data *inc
 
 	if (!access_or_die(path, R_OK, 0)) {
 		if (++inc->depth > MAX_INCLUDE_DEPTH)
-			die(include_depth_advice, MAX_INCLUDE_DEPTH, path,
-			    cf && cf->name ? cf->name : "the command line");
+			die(_(include_depth_advice), MAX_INCLUDE_DEPTH, path,
+			    !cf ? "<unknown>" :
+			    cf->name ? cf->name :
+			    "the command line");
 		ret = git_config_from_file(git_config_include, path, inc);
 		inc->depth--;
 	}
@@ -138,9 +170,118 @@ static int handle_path_include(const char *path, struct config_include_data *inc
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static int prepare_include_condition_pattern(struct strbuf *pat)
+{
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *expanded;
+	int prefix = 0;
+
+	expanded = expand_user_path(pat->buf, 1);
+	if (expanded) {
+		strbuf_reset(pat);
+		strbuf_addstr(pat, expanded);
+		free(expanded);
+	}
+
+	if (pat->buf[0] == '.' && is_dir_sep(pat->buf[1])) {
+		const char *slash;
+
+		if (!cf || !cf->path)
+			return error(_("relative config include "
+				       "conditionals must come from files"));
+
+		strbuf_realpath(&path, cf->path, 1);
+		slash = find_last_dir_sep(path.buf);
+		if (!slash)
+			BUG("how is this possible?");
+		strbuf_splice(pat, 0, 1, path.buf, slash - path.buf);
+		prefix = slash - path.buf + 1 /* slash */;
+	} else if (!is_absolute_path(pat->buf))
+		strbuf_insert(pat, 0, "**/", 3);
+
+	if (pat->len && is_dir_sep(pat->buf[pat->len - 1]))
+		strbuf_addstr(pat, "**");
+
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+	return prefix;
+}
+
+static int include_by_gitdir(const struct config_options *opts,
+			     const char *cond, size_t cond_len, int icase)
+{
+	struct strbuf text = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf pattern = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = 0, prefix;
+	const char *git_dir;
+	int already_tried_absolute = 0;
+
+	if (opts->git_dir)
+		git_dir = opts->git_dir;
+	else
+		goto done;
+
+	strbuf_realpath(&text, git_dir, 1);
+	strbuf_add(&pattern, cond, cond_len);
+	prefix = prepare_include_condition_pattern(&pattern);
+
+again:
+	if (prefix < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (prefix > 0) {
+		/*
+		 * perform literal matching on the prefix part so that
+		 * any wildcard character in it can't create side effects.
+		 */
+		if (text.len < prefix)
+			goto done;
+		if (!icase && strncmp(pattern.buf, text.buf, prefix))
+			goto done;
+		if (icase && strncasecmp(pattern.buf, text.buf, prefix))
+			goto done;
+	}
+
+	ret = !wildmatch(pattern.buf + prefix, text.buf + prefix,
+			 icase ? WM_CASEFOLD : 0);
+
+	if (!ret && !already_tried_absolute) {
+		/*
+		 * We've tried e.g. matching gitdir:~/work, but if
+		 * ~/work is a symlink to /mnt/storage/work
+		 * strbuf_realpath() will expand it, so the rule won't
+		 * match. Let's match against a
+		 * strbuf_add_absolute_path() version of the path,
+		 * which'll do the right thing
+		 */
+		strbuf_reset(&text);
+		strbuf_add_absolute_path(&text, git_dir);
+		already_tried_absolute = 1;
+		goto again;
+	}
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&pattern);
+	strbuf_release(&text);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int include_condition_is_true(const struct config_options *opts,
+				     const char *cond, size_t cond_len)
+{
+
+	if (skip_prefix_mem(cond, cond_len, "gitdir:", &cond, &cond_len))
+		return include_by_gitdir(opts, cond, cond_len, 0);
+	else if (skip_prefix_mem(cond, cond_len, "gitdir/i:", &cond, &cond_len))
+		return include_by_gitdir(opts, cond, cond_len, 1);
+
+	/* unknown conditionals are always false */
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int git_config_include(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
 {
 	struct config_include_data *inc = data;
+	const char *cond, *key;
+	int cond_len;
 	int ret;
 
 	/*
@@ -153,6 +294,12 @@ int git_config_include(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "include.path"))
 		ret = handle_path_include(value, inc);
+
+	if (!parse_config_key(var, "includeif", &cond, &cond_len, &key) &&
+	    (cond && include_condition_is_true(inc->opts, cond, cond_len)) &&
+	    !strcmp(key, "path"))
+		ret = handle_path_include(value, inc);
+
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -160,7 +307,7 @@ void git_config_push_parameter(const char *text)
 {
 	struct strbuf env = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *old = getenv(CONFIG_DATA_ENVIRONMENT);
-	if (old) {
+	if (old && *old) {
 		strbuf_addstr(&env, old);
 		strbuf_addch(&env, ' ');
 	}
@@ -169,15 +316,108 @@ void git_config_push_parameter(const char *text)
 	strbuf_release(&env);
 }
 
+static inline int iskeychar(int c)
+{
+	return isalnum(c) || c == '-';
+}
+
+/*
+ * Auxiliary function to sanity-check and split the key into the section
+ * identifier and variable name.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 when there is an invalid character in the key and
+ * -2 if there is no section name in the key.
+ *
+ * store_key - pointer to char* which will hold a copy of the key with
+ *             lowercase section and variable name
+ * baselen - pointer to int which will hold the length of the
+ *           section + subsection part, can be NULL
+ */
+static int git_config_parse_key_1(const char *key, char **store_key, int *baselen_, int quiet)
+{
+	int i, dot, baselen;
+	const char *last_dot = strrchr(key, '.');
+
+	/*
+	 * Since "key" actually contains the section name and the real
+	 * key name separated by a dot, we have to know where the dot is.
+	 */
+
+	if (last_dot == NULL || last_dot == key) {
+		if (!quiet)
+			error(_("key does not contain a section: %s"), key);
+		return -CONFIG_NO_SECTION_OR_NAME;
+	}
+
+	if (!last_dot[1]) {
+		if (!quiet)
+			error(_("key does not contain variable name: %s"), key);
+		return -CONFIG_NO_SECTION_OR_NAME;
+	}
+
+	baselen = last_dot - key;
+	if (baselen_)
+		*baselen_ = baselen;
+
+	/*
+	 * Validate the key and while at it, lower case it for matching.
+	 */
+	if (store_key)
+		*store_key = xmallocz(strlen(key));
+
+	dot = 0;
+	for (i = 0; key[i]; i++) {
+		unsigned char c = key[i];
+		if (c == '.')
+			dot = 1;
+		/* Leave the extended basename untouched.. */
+		if (!dot || i > baselen) {
+			if (!iskeychar(c) ||
+			    (i == baselen + 1 && !isalpha(c))) {
+				if (!quiet)
+					error(_("invalid key: %s"), key);
+				goto out_free_ret_1;
+			}
+			c = tolower(c);
+		} else if (c == '\n') {
+			if (!quiet)
+				error(_("invalid key (newline): %s"), key);
+			goto out_free_ret_1;
+		}
+		if (store_key)
+			(*store_key)[i] = c;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+
+out_free_ret_1:
+	if (store_key) {
+		FREE_AND_NULL(*store_key);
+	}
+	return -CONFIG_INVALID_KEY;
+}
+
+int git_config_parse_key(const char *key, char **store_key, int *baselen)
+{
+	return git_config_parse_key_1(key, store_key, baselen, 0);
+}
+
+int git_config_key_is_valid(const char *key)
+{
+	return !git_config_parse_key_1(key, NULL, NULL, 1);
+}
+
 int git_config_parse_parameter(const char *text,
 			       config_fn_t fn, void *data)
 {
 	const char *value;
+	char *canonical_name;
 	struct strbuf **pair;
+	int ret;
 
 	pair = strbuf_split_str(text, '=', 2);
 	if (!pair[0])
-		return error("bogus config parameter: %s", text);
+		return error(_("bogus config parameter: %s"), text);
 
 	if (pair[0]->len && pair[0]->buf[pair[0]->len - 1] == '=') {
 		strbuf_setlen(pair[0], pair[0]->len - 1);
@@ -189,46 +429,57 @@ int git_config_parse_parameter(const char *text,
 	strbuf_trim(pair[0]);
 	if (!pair[0]->len) {
 		strbuf_list_free(pair);
-		return error("bogus config parameter: %s", text);
+		return error(_("bogus config parameter: %s"), text);
 	}
-	strbuf_tolower(pair[0]);
-	if (fn(pair[0]->buf, value, data) < 0) {
-		strbuf_list_free(pair);
-		return -1;
+
+	if (git_config_parse_key(pair[0]->buf, &canonical_name, NULL)) {
+		ret = -1;
+	} else {
+		ret = (fn(canonical_name, value, data) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+		free(canonical_name);
 	}
 	strbuf_list_free(pair);
-	return 0;
+	return ret;
 }
 
 int git_config_from_parameters(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
 {
 	const char *env = getenv(CONFIG_DATA_ENVIRONMENT);
+	int ret = 0;
 	char *envw;
 	const char **argv = NULL;
 	int nr = 0, alloc = 0;
 	int i;
+	struct config_source source;
 
 	if (!env)
 		return 0;
+
+	memset(&source, 0, sizeof(source));
+	source.prev = cf;
+	source.origin_type = CONFIG_ORIGIN_CMDLINE;
+	cf = &source;
+
 	/* sq_dequote will write over it */
 	envw = xstrdup(env);
 
 	if (sq_dequote_to_argv(envw, &argv, &nr, &alloc) < 0) {
-		free(envw);
-		return error("bogus format in " CONFIG_DATA_ENVIRONMENT);
+		ret = error(_("bogus format in %s"), CONFIG_DATA_ENVIRONMENT);
+		goto out;
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
 		if (git_config_parse_parameter(argv[i], fn, data) < 0) {
-			free(argv);
-			free(envw);
-			return -1;
+			ret = -1;
+			goto out;
 		}
 	}
 
+out:
 	free(argv);
 	free(envw);
-	return nr > 0;
+	cf = source.prev;
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static int get_next_char(void)
@@ -315,11 +566,6 @@ static char *parse_value(void)
 	}
 }
 
-static inline int iskeychar(int c)
-{
-	return isalnum(c) || c == '-';
-}
-
 static int get_value(config_fn_t fn, void *data, struct strbuf *name)
 {
 	int c;
@@ -354,12 +600,14 @@ static int get_value(config_fn_t fn, void *data, struct strbuf *name)
 	 */
 	cf->linenr--;
 	ret = fn(name->buf, value, data);
-	cf->linenr++;
+	if (ret >= 0)
+		cf->linenr++;
 	return ret;
 }
 
 static int get_extended_base_var(struct strbuf *name, int c)
 {
+	cf->subsection_case_sensitive = 0;
 	do {
 		if (c == '\n')
 			goto error_incomplete_line;
@@ -396,6 +644,7 @@ error_incomplete_line:
 
 static int get_base_var(struct strbuf *name)
 {
+	cf->subsection_case_sensitive = 1;
 	for (;;) {
 		int c = get_next_char();
 		if (cf->eof)
@@ -410,23 +659,69 @@ static int get_base_var(struct strbuf *name)
 	}
 }
 
-static int git_parse_source(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
+struct parse_event_data {
+	enum config_event_t previous_type;
+	size_t previous_offset;
+	const struct config_options *opts;
+};
+
+static int do_event(enum config_event_t type, struct parse_event_data *data)
+{
+	size_t offset;
+
+	if (!data->opts || !data->opts->event_fn)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (type == CONFIG_EVENT_WHITESPACE &&
+	    data->previous_type == type)
+		return 0;
+
+	offset = cf->do_ftell(cf);
+	/*
+	 * At EOF, the parser always "inserts" an extra '\n', therefore
+	 * the end offset of the event is the current file position, otherwise
+	 * we will already have advanced to the next event.
+	 */
+	if (type != CONFIG_EVENT_EOF)
+		offset--;
+
+	if (data->previous_type != CONFIG_EVENT_EOF &&
+	    data->opts->event_fn(data->previous_type, data->previous_offset,
+				 offset, data->opts->event_fn_data) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	data->previous_type = type;
+	data->previous_offset = offset;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int git_parse_source(config_fn_t fn, void *data,
+			    const struct config_options *opts)
 {
 	int comment = 0;
 	int baselen = 0;
 	struct strbuf *var = &cf->var;
+	int error_return = 0;
+	char *error_msg = NULL;
 
 	/* U+FEFF Byte Order Mark in UTF8 */
-	static const unsigned char *utf8_bom = (unsigned char *) "\xef\xbb\xbf";
-	const unsigned char *bomptr = utf8_bom;
+	const char *bomptr = utf8_bom;
+
+	/* For the parser event callback */
+	struct parse_event_data event_data = {
+		CONFIG_EVENT_EOF, 0, opts
+	};
 
 	for (;;) {
-		int c = get_next_char();
+		int c;
+
+		c = get_next_char();
 		if (bomptr && *bomptr) {
 			/* We are at the file beginning; skip UTF8-encoded BOM
 			 * if present. Sane editors won't put this in on their
 			 * own, but e.g. Windows Notepad will do it happily. */
-			if ((unsigned char) c == *bomptr) {
+			if (c == (*bomptr & 0377)) {
 				bomptr++;
 				continue;
 			} else {
@@ -438,18 +733,33 @@ static int git_parse_source(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
 			}
 		}
 		if (c == '\n') {
-			if (cf->eof)
+			if (cf->eof) {
+				if (do_event(CONFIG_EVENT_EOF, &event_data) < 0)
+					return -1;
 				return 0;
+			}
+			if (do_event(CONFIG_EVENT_WHITESPACE, &event_data) < 0)
+				return -1;
 			comment = 0;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (comment || isspace(c))
+		if (comment)
+			continue;
+		if (isspace(c)) {
+			if (do_event(CONFIG_EVENT_WHITESPACE, &event_data) < 0)
+					return -1;
 			continue;
+		}
 		if (c == '#' || c == ';') {
+			if (do_event(CONFIG_EVENT_COMMENT, &event_data) < 0)
+					return -1;
 			comment = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (c == '[') {
+			if (do_event(CONFIG_EVENT_SECTION, &event_data) < 0)
+					return -1;
+
 			/* Reset prior to determining a new stem */
 			strbuf_reset(var);
 			if (get_base_var(var) < 0 || var->len < 1)
@@ -460,6 +770,10 @@ static int git_parse_source(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
 		}
 		if (!isalpha(c))
 			break;
+
+		if (do_event(CONFIG_EVENT_ENTRY, &event_data) < 0)
+			return -1;
+
 		/*
 		 * Truncate the var name back to the section header
 		 * stem prior to grabbing the suffix part of the name
@@ -470,10 +784,54 @@ static int git_parse_source(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
 		if (get_value(fn, data, var) < 0)
 			break;
 	}
-	if (cf->die_on_error)
-		die(_("bad config file line %d in %s"), cf->linenr, cf->name);
-	else
-		return error(_("bad config file line %d in %s"), cf->linenr, cf->name);
+
+	if (do_event(CONFIG_EVENT_ERROR, &event_data) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	switch (cf->origin_type) {
+	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_BLOB:
+		error_msg = xstrfmt(_("bad config line %d in blob %s"),
+				      cf->linenr, cf->name);
+		break;
+	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_FILE:
+		error_msg = xstrfmt(_("bad config line %d in file %s"),
+				      cf->linenr, cf->name);
+		break;
+	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_STDIN:
+		error_msg = xstrfmt(_("bad config line %d in standard input"),
+				      cf->linenr);
+		break;
+	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_SUBMODULE_BLOB:
+		error_msg = xstrfmt(_("bad config line %d in submodule-blob %s"),
+				       cf->linenr, cf->name);
+		break;
+	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_CMDLINE:
+		error_msg = xstrfmt(_("bad config line %d in command line %s"),
+				       cf->linenr, cf->name);
+		break;
+	default:
+		error_msg = xstrfmt(_("bad config line %d in %s"),
+				      cf->linenr, cf->name);
+	}
+
+	switch (opts && opts->error_action ?
+		opts->error_action :
+		cf->default_error_action) {
+	case CONFIG_ERROR_DIE:
+		die("%s", error_msg);
+		break;
+	case CONFIG_ERROR_ERROR:
+		error_return = error("%s", error_msg);
+		break;
+	case CONFIG_ERROR_SILENT:
+		error_return = -1;
+		break;
+	case CONFIG_ERROR_UNSET:
+		BUG("config error action unset");
+	}
+
+	free(error_msg);
+	return error_return;
 }
 
 static int parse_unit_factor(const char *end, uintmax_t *val)
@@ -579,19 +937,47 @@ int git_parse_ulong(const char *value, unsigned long *ret)
 	return 1;
 }
 
+int git_parse_ssize_t(const char *value, ssize_t *ret)
+{
+	intmax_t tmp;
+	if (!git_parse_signed(value, &tmp, maximum_signed_value_of_type(ssize_t)))
+		return 0;
+	*ret = tmp;
+	return 1;
+}
+
 NORETURN
 static void die_bad_number(const char *name, const char *value)
 {
-	const char *reason = errno == ERANGE ?
-			     "out of range" :
-			     "invalid unit";
+	const char * error_type = (errno == ERANGE)? _("out of range"):_("invalid unit");
+
 	if (!value)
 		value = "";
 
-	if (cf && cf->name)
+	if (!(cf && cf->name))
+		die(_("bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': %s"),
+		    value, name, error_type);
+
+	switch (cf->origin_type) {
+	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_BLOB:
+		die(_("bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in blob %s: %s"),
+		    value, name, cf->name, error_type);
+	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_FILE:
+		die(_("bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in file %s: %s"),
+		    value, name, cf->name, error_type);
+	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_STDIN:
+		die(_("bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in standard input: %s"),
+		    value, name, error_type);
+	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_SUBMODULE_BLOB:
+		die(_("bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in submodule-blob %s: %s"),
+		    value, name, cf->name, error_type);
+	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_CMDLINE:
+		die(_("bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in command line %s: %s"),
+		    value, name, cf->name, error_type);
+	default:
 		die(_("bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"),
-		    value, name, cf->name, reason);
-	die(_("bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': %s"), value, name, reason);
+		    value, name, cf->name, error_type);
+	}
 }
 
 int git_config_int(const char *name, const char *value)
@@ -618,7 +1004,15 @@ unsigned long git_config_ulong(const char *name, const char *value)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static int git_config_maybe_bool_text(const char *name, const char *value)
+ssize_t git_config_ssize_t(const char *name, const char *value)
+{
+	ssize_t ret;
+	if (!git_parse_ssize_t(value, &ret))
+		die_bad_number(name, value);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int git_parse_maybe_bool_text(const char *value)
 {
 	if (!value)
 		return 1;
@@ -635,9 +1029,9 @@ static int git_config_maybe_bool_text(const char *name, const char *value)
 	return -1;
 }
 
-int git_config_maybe_bool(const char *name, const char *value)
+int git_parse_maybe_bool(const char *value)
 {
-	int v = git_config_maybe_bool_text(name, value);
+	int v = git_parse_maybe_bool_text(value);
 	if (0 <= v)
 		return v;
 	if (git_parse_int(value, &v))
@@ -647,7 +1041,7 @@ int git_config_maybe_bool(const char *name, const char *value)
 
 int git_config_bool_or_int(const char *name, const char *value, int *is_bool)
 {
-	int v = git_config_maybe_bool_text(name, value);
+	int v = git_parse_maybe_bool_text(value);
 	if (0 <= v) {
 		*is_bool = 1;
 		return v;
@@ -674,12 +1068,31 @@ int git_config_pathname(const char **dest, const char *var, const char *value)
 {
 	if (!value)
 		return config_error_nonbool(var);
-	*dest = expand_user_path(value);
+	*dest = expand_user_path(value, 0);
 	if (!*dest)
 		die(_("failed to expand user dir in: '%s'"), value);
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int git_config_expiry_date(timestamp_t *timestamp, const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!value)
+		return config_error_nonbool(var);
+	if (parse_expiry_date(value, timestamp))
+		return error(_("'%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"),
+			     value, var);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_config_color(char *dest, const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!value)
+		return config_error_nonbool(var);
+	if (color_parse(value, dest) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 {
 	/* This needs a better name */
@@ -716,6 +1129,9 @@ static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.attributesfile"))
 		return git_config_pathname(&git_attributes_file, var, value);
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.hookspath"))
+		return git_config_pathname(&git_hooks_path, var, value);
+
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.bare")) {
 		is_bare_repository_cfg = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
@@ -732,7 +1148,12 @@ static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 	}
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.logallrefupdates")) {
-		log_all_ref_updates = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		if (value && !strcasecmp(value, "always"))
+			log_all_ref_updates = LOG_REFS_ALWAYS;
+		else if (git_config_bool(var, value))
+			log_all_ref_updates = LOG_REFS_NORMAL;
+		else
+			log_all_ref_updates = LOG_REFS_NONE;
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -742,13 +1163,22 @@ static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 	}
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.abbrev")) {
-		int abbrev = git_config_int(var, value);
-		if (abbrev < minimum_abbrev || abbrev > 40)
-			return -1;
-		default_abbrev = abbrev;
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		if (!strcasecmp(value, "auto"))
+			default_abbrev = -1;
+		else {
+			int abbrev = git_config_int(var, value);
+			if (abbrev < minimum_abbrev || abbrev > 40)
+				return error(_("abbrev length out of range: %d"), abbrev);
+			default_abbrev = abbrev;
+		}
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.disambiguate"))
+		return set_disambiguate_hint_config(var, value);
+
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.loosecompression")) {
 		int level = git_config_int(var, value);
 		if (level == -1)
@@ -770,6 +1200,8 @@ static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 		core_compression_seen = 1;
 		if (!zlib_compression_seen)
 			zlib_compression_level = level;
+		if (!pack_compression_seen)
+			pack_compression_level = level;
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -802,8 +1234,6 @@ static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.autocrlf")) {
 		if (value && !strcasecmp(value, "input")) {
-			if (core_eol == EOL_CRLF)
-				return error("core.autocrlf=input conflicts with core.eol=crlf");
 			auto_crlf = AUTO_CRLF_INPUT;
 			return 0;
 		}
@@ -812,11 +1242,14 @@ static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 	}
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.safecrlf")) {
+		int eol_rndtrp_die;
 		if (value && !strcasecmp(value, "warn")) {
-			safe_crlf = SAFE_CRLF_WARN;
+			global_conv_flags_eol = CONV_EOL_RNDTRP_WARN;
 			return 0;
 		}
-		safe_crlf = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		eol_rndtrp_die = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		global_conv_flags_eol = eol_rndtrp_die ?
+			CONV_EOL_RNDTRP_DIE : 0;
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -829,8 +1262,11 @@ static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 			core_eol = EOL_NATIVE;
 		else
 			core_eol = EOL_UNSET;
-		if (core_eol == EOL_CRLF && auto_crlf == AUTO_CRLF_INPUT)
-			return error("core.autocrlf=input conflicts with core.eol=crlf");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.checkroundtripencoding")) {
+		check_roundtrip_encoding = xstrdup(value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -839,9 +1275,6 @@ static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (!strcmp(var, "core.pager"))
-		return git_config_string(&pager_program, var, value);
-
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.editor"))
 		return git_config_string(&editor_program, var, value);
 
@@ -854,7 +1287,7 @@ static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 			comment_line_char = value[0];
 			auto_comment_line_char = 0;
 		} else
-			return error("core.commentChar should only be one character");
+			return error(_("core.commentChar should only be one character"));
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -911,6 +1344,24 @@ static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.hidedotfiles")) {
+		if (value && !strcasecmp(value, "dotgitonly"))
+			hide_dotfiles = HIDE_DOTFILES_DOTGITONLY;
+		else
+			hide_dotfiles = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.partialclonefilter")) {
+		return git_config_string(&core_partial_clone_filter_default,
+					 var, value);
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.usereplacerefs")) {
+		read_replace_refs = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	/* Add other config variables here and to Documentation/config.txt. */
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -949,7 +1400,7 @@ static int git_default_branch_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 		else if (!strcmp(value, "always"))
 			autorebase = AUTOREBASE_ALWAYS;
 		else
-			return error("Malformed value for %s", var);
+			return error(_("malformed value for %s"), var);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -975,9 +1426,9 @@ static int git_default_push_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 		else if (!strcmp(value, "current"))
 			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_CURRENT;
 		else {
-			error("Malformed value for %s: %s", var, value);
-			return error("Must be one of nothing, matching, simple, "
-				     "upstream or current.");
+			error(_("malformed value for %s: %s"), var, value);
+			return error(_("must be one of nothing, matching, simple, "
+				       "upstream or current"));
 		}
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -1017,7 +1468,7 @@ int git_default_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *dummy)
 	if (starts_with(var, "mailmap."))
 		return git_default_mailmap_config(var, value);
 
-	if (starts_with(var, "advice."))
+	if (starts_with(var, "advice.") || starts_with(var, "color.advice"))
 		return git_default_advice_config(var, value);
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "pager.color") || !strcmp(var, "color.pager")) {
@@ -1029,6 +1480,18 @@ int git_default_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *dummy)
 		pack_size_limit_cfg = git_config_ulong(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "pack.compression")) {
+		int level = git_config_int(var, value);
+		if (level == -1)
+			level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
+		else if (level < 0 || level > Z_BEST_COMPRESSION)
+			die(_("bad pack compression level %d"), level);
+		pack_compression_level = level;
+		pack_compression_seen = 1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	/* Add other config variables here and to Documentation/config.txt. */
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1038,7 +1501,8 @@ int git_default_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *dummy)
  * fgetc, ungetc, ftell of top need to be initialized before calling
  * this function.
  */
-static int do_config_from(struct config_source *top, config_fn_t fn, void *data)
+static int do_config_from(struct config_source *top, config_fn_t fn, void *data,
+			  const struct config_options *opts)
 {
 	int ret;
 
@@ -1050,7 +1514,7 @@ static int do_config_from(struct config_source *top, config_fn_t fn, void *data)
 	strbuf_init(&top->var, 1024);
 	cf = top;
 
-	ret = git_parse_source(fn, data);
+	ret = git_parse_source(fn, data, opts);
 
 	/* pop config-file parsing state stack */
 	strbuf_release(&top->value);
@@ -1061,76 +1525,96 @@ static int do_config_from(struct config_source *top, config_fn_t fn, void *data)
 }
 
 static int do_config_from_file(config_fn_t fn,
-		const char *name, const char *path, FILE *f, void *data)
+		const enum config_origin_type origin_type,
+		const char *name, const char *path, FILE *f,
+		void *data, const struct config_options *opts)
 {
 	struct config_source top;
+	int ret;
 
 	top.u.file = f;
+	top.origin_type = origin_type;
 	top.name = name;
 	top.path = path;
-	top.die_on_error = 1;
+	top.default_error_action = CONFIG_ERROR_DIE;
 	top.do_fgetc = config_file_fgetc;
 	top.do_ungetc = config_file_ungetc;
 	top.do_ftell = config_file_ftell;
 
-	return do_config_from(&top, fn, data);
+	flockfile(f);
+	ret = do_config_from(&top, fn, data, opts);
+	funlockfile(f);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static int git_config_from_stdin(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
 {
-	return do_config_from_file(fn, "<stdin>", NULL, stdin, data);
+	return do_config_from_file(fn, CONFIG_ORIGIN_STDIN, "", NULL, stdin,
+				   data, NULL);
 }
 
-int git_config_from_file(config_fn_t fn, const char *filename, void *data)
+int git_config_from_file_with_options(config_fn_t fn, const char *filename,
+				      void *data,
+				      const struct config_options *opts)
 {
 	int ret = -1;
 	FILE *f;
 
-	f = fopen(filename, "r");
+	f = fopen_or_warn(filename, "r");
 	if (f) {
-		ret = do_config_from_file(fn, filename, filename, f, data);
+		ret = do_config_from_file(fn, CONFIG_ORIGIN_FILE, filename,
+					  filename, f, data, opts);
 		fclose(f);
 	}
 	return ret;
 }
 
-int git_config_from_buf(config_fn_t fn, const char *name, const char *buf,
-			size_t len, void *data)
+int git_config_from_file(config_fn_t fn, const char *filename, void *data)
+{
+	return git_config_from_file_with_options(fn, filename, data, NULL);
+}
+
+int git_config_from_mem(config_fn_t fn,
+			const enum config_origin_type origin_type,
+			const char *name, const char *buf, size_t len,
+			void *data, const struct config_options *opts)
 {
 	struct config_source top;
 
 	top.u.buf.buf = buf;
 	top.u.buf.len = len;
 	top.u.buf.pos = 0;
+	top.origin_type = origin_type;
 	top.name = name;
 	top.path = NULL;
-	top.die_on_error = 0;
+	top.default_error_action = CONFIG_ERROR_ERROR;
 	top.do_fgetc = config_buf_fgetc;
 	top.do_ungetc = config_buf_ungetc;
 	top.do_ftell = config_buf_ftell;
 
-	return do_config_from(&top, fn, data);
+	return do_config_from(&top, fn, data, opts);
 }
 
-static int git_config_from_blob_sha1(config_fn_t fn,
-				     const char *name,
-				     const unsigned char *sha1,
-				     void *data)
+int git_config_from_blob_oid(config_fn_t fn,
+			      const char *name,
+			      const struct object_id *oid,
+			      void *data)
 {
 	enum object_type type;
 	char *buf;
 	unsigned long size;
 	int ret;
 
-	buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	buf = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
 	if (!buf)
-		return error("unable to load config blob object '%s'", name);
+		return error(_("unable to load config blob object '%s'"), name);
 	if (type != OBJ_BLOB) {
 		free(buf);
-		return error("reference '%s' does not point to a blob", name);
+		return error(_("reference '%s' does not point to a blob"), name);
 	}
 
-	ret = git_config_from_buf(fn, name, buf, size, data);
+	ret = git_config_from_mem(fn, CONFIG_ORIGIN_BLOB, name, buf, size,
+				  data, NULL);
 	free(buf);
 
 	return ret;
@@ -1140,11 +1624,11 @@ static int git_config_from_blob_ref(config_fn_t fn,
 				    const char *name,
 				    void *data)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 
-	if (get_sha1(name, sha1) < 0)
-		return error("unable to resolve config blob '%s'", name);
-	return git_config_from_blob_sha1(fn, name, sha1, data);
+	if (get_oid(name, &oid) < 0)
+		return error(_("unable to resolve config blob '%s'"), name);
+	return git_config_from_blob_oid(fn, name, &oid, data);
 }
 
 const char *git_etc_gitconfig(void)
@@ -1173,7 +1657,7 @@ unsigned long git_env_ulong(const char *k, unsigned long val)
 {
 	const char *v = getenv(k);
 	if (v && !git_parse_ulong(v, &val))
-		die("failed to parse %s", k);
+		die(_("failed to parse %s"), k);
 	return val;
 }
 
@@ -1182,62 +1666,56 @@ int git_config_system(void)
 	return !git_env_bool("GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM", 0);
 }
 
-int git_config_early(config_fn_t fn, void *data, const char *repo_config)
+static int do_git_config_sequence(const struct config_options *opts,
+				  config_fn_t fn, void *data)
 {
-	int ret = 0, found = 0;
-	char *xdg_config = NULL;
-	char *user_config = NULL;
+	int ret = 0;
+	char *xdg_config = xdg_config_home("config");
+	char *user_config = expand_user_path("~/.gitconfig", 0);
+	char *repo_config;
 
-	home_config_paths(&user_config, &xdg_config, "config");
+	if (opts->commondir)
+		repo_config = mkpathdup("%s/config", opts->commondir);
+	else
+		repo_config = NULL;
 
-	if (git_config_system() && !access_or_die(git_etc_gitconfig(), R_OK, 0)) {
+	current_parsing_scope = CONFIG_SCOPE_SYSTEM;
+	if (git_config_system() && !access_or_die(git_etc_gitconfig(), R_OK, 0))
 		ret += git_config_from_file(fn, git_etc_gitconfig(),
 					    data);
-		found += 1;
-	}
 
-	if (xdg_config && !access_or_die(xdg_config, R_OK, ACCESS_EACCES_OK)) {
+	current_parsing_scope = CONFIG_SCOPE_GLOBAL;
+	if (xdg_config && !access_or_die(xdg_config, R_OK, ACCESS_EACCES_OK))
 		ret += git_config_from_file(fn, xdg_config, data);
-		found += 1;
-	}
 
-	if (user_config && !access_or_die(user_config, R_OK, ACCESS_EACCES_OK)) {
+	if (user_config && !access_or_die(user_config, R_OK, ACCESS_EACCES_OK))
 		ret += git_config_from_file(fn, user_config, data);
-		found += 1;
-	}
 
-	if (repo_config && !access_or_die(repo_config, R_OK, 0)) {
+	current_parsing_scope = CONFIG_SCOPE_REPO;
+	if (repo_config && !access_or_die(repo_config, R_OK, 0))
 		ret += git_config_from_file(fn, repo_config, data);
-		found += 1;
-	}
 
-	switch (git_config_from_parameters(fn, data)) {
-	case -1: /* error */
+	current_parsing_scope = CONFIG_SCOPE_CMDLINE;
+	if (git_config_from_parameters(fn, data) < 0)
 		die(_("unable to parse command-line config"));
-		break;
-	case 0: /* found nothing */
-		break;
-	default: /* found at least one item */
-		found++;
-		break;
-	}
 
+	current_parsing_scope = CONFIG_SCOPE_UNKNOWN;
 	free(xdg_config);
 	free(user_config);
-	return ret == 0 ? found : ret;
+	free(repo_config);
+	return ret;
 }
 
-int git_config_with_options(config_fn_t fn, void *data,
-			    struct git_config_source *config_source,
-			    int respect_includes)
+int config_with_options(config_fn_t fn, void *data,
+			struct git_config_source *config_source,
+			const struct config_options *opts)
 {
-	char *repo_config = NULL;
-	int ret;
 	struct config_include_data inc = CONFIG_INCLUDE_INIT;
 
-	if (respect_includes) {
+	if (opts->respect_includes) {
 		inc.fn = fn;
 		inc.data = data;
+		inc.opts = opts;
 		fn = git_config_include;
 		data = &inc;
 	}
@@ -1253,28 +1731,7 @@ int git_config_with_options(config_fn_t fn, void *data,
 	else if (config_source && config_source->blob)
 		return git_config_from_blob_ref(fn, config_source->blob, data);
 
-	repo_config = git_pathdup("config");
-	ret = git_config_early(fn, data, repo_config);
-	if (repo_config)
-		free(repo_config);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static void git_config_raw(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
-{
-	if (git_config_with_options(fn, data, NULL, 1) < 0)
-		/*
-		 * git_config_with_options() normally returns only
-		 * positive values, as most errors are fatal, and
-		 * non-fatal potential errors are guarded by "if"
-		 * statements that are entered only when no error is
-		 * possible.
-		 *
-		 * If we ever encounter a non-fatal error, it means
-		 * something went really wrong and we should stop
-		 * immediately.
-		 */
-		die(_("unknown error occured while reading the configuration files"));
+	return do_git_config_sequence(opts, fn, data);
 }
 
 static void configset_iter(struct config_set *cs, config_fn_t fn, void *data)
@@ -1283,25 +1740,51 @@ static void configset_iter(struct config_set *cs, config_fn_t fn, void *data)
 	struct string_list *values;
 	struct config_set_element *entry;
 	struct configset_list *list = &cs->list;
-	struct key_value_info *kv_info;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++) {
 		entry = list->items[i].e;
 		value_index = list->items[i].value_index;
 		values = &entry->value_list;
-		if (fn(entry->key, values->items[value_index].string, data) < 0) {
-			kv_info = values->items[value_index].util;
-			git_die_config_linenr(entry->key, kv_info->filename, kv_info->linenr);
-		}
+
+		current_config_kvi = values->items[value_index].util;
+
+		if (fn(entry->key, values->items[value_index].string, data) < 0)
+			git_die_config_linenr(entry->key,
+					      current_config_kvi->filename,
+					      current_config_kvi->linenr);
+
+		current_config_kvi = NULL;
 	}
 }
 
-static void git_config_check_init(void);
-
-void git_config(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
+void read_early_config(config_fn_t cb, void *data)
 {
-	git_config_check_init();
-	configset_iter(&the_config_set, fn, data);
+	struct config_options opts = {0};
+	struct strbuf commondir = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf gitdir = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	opts.respect_includes = 1;
+
+	if (have_git_dir()) {
+		opts.commondir = get_git_common_dir();
+		opts.git_dir = get_git_dir();
+	/*
+	 * When setup_git_directory() was not yet asked to discover the
+	 * GIT_DIR, we ask discover_git_directory() to figure out whether there
+	 * is any repository config we should use (but unlike
+	 * setup_git_directory_gently(), no global state is changed, most
+	 * notably, the current working directory is still the same after the
+	 * call).
+	 */
+	} else if (!discover_git_directory(&commondir, &gitdir)) {
+		opts.commondir = commondir.buf;
+		opts.git_dir = gitdir.buf;
+	}
+
+	config_with_options(cb, data, NULL, &opts);
+
+	strbuf_release(&commondir);
+	strbuf_release(&gitdir);
 }
 
 static struct config_set_element *configset_find_element(struct config_set *cs, const char *key)
@@ -1309,14 +1792,11 @@ static struct config_set_element *configset_find_element(struct config_set *cs,
 	struct config_set_element k;
 	struct config_set_element *found_entry;
 	char *normalized_key;
-	int ret;
 	/*
 	 * `key` may come from the user, so normalize it before using it
 	 * for querying entries from the hashmap.
 	 */
-	ret = git_config_parse_key(key, &normalized_key, NULL);
-
-	if (ret)
+	if (git_config_parse_key(key, &normalized_key, NULL))
 		return NULL;
 
 	hashmap_entry_init(&k, strhash(normalized_key));
@@ -1352,28 +1832,38 @@ static int configset_add_value(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, const cha
 	l_item->e = e;
 	l_item->value_index = e->value_list.nr - 1;
 
-	if (cf) {
+	if (!cf)
+		BUG("configset_add_value has no source");
+	if (cf->name) {
 		kv_info->filename = strintern(cf->name);
 		kv_info->linenr = cf->linenr;
+		kv_info->origin_type = cf->origin_type;
 	} else {
 		/* for values read from `git_config_from_parameters()` */
 		kv_info->filename = NULL;
 		kv_info->linenr = -1;
+		kv_info->origin_type = CONFIG_ORIGIN_CMDLINE;
 	}
+	kv_info->scope = current_parsing_scope;
 	si->util = kv_info;
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int config_set_element_cmp(const struct config_set_element *e1,
-				 const struct config_set_element *e2, const void *unused)
+static int config_set_element_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+				  const void *entry,
+				  const void *entry_or_key,
+				  const void *unused_keydata)
 {
+	const struct config_set_element *e1 = entry;
+	const struct config_set_element *e2 = entry_or_key;
+
 	return strcmp(e1->key, e2->key);
 }
 
 void git_configset_init(struct config_set *cs)
 {
-	hashmap_init(&cs->config_hash, (hashmap_cmp_fn)config_set_element_cmp, 0);
+	hashmap_init(&cs->config_hash, config_set_element_cmp, NULL, 0);
 	cs->hash_initialized = 1;
 	cs->list.nr = 0;
 	cs->list.alloc = 0;
@@ -1494,7 +1984,7 @@ int git_configset_get_maybe_bool(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, int *de
 {
 	const char *value;
 	if (!git_configset_get_value(cs, key, &value)) {
-		*dest = git_config_maybe_bool(key, value);
+		*dest = git_parse_maybe_bool(value);
 		if (*dest == -1)
 			return -1;
 		return 0;
@@ -1511,89 +2001,294 @@ int git_configset_get_pathname(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, const cha
 		return 1;
 }
 
-static void git_config_check_init(void)
+/* Functions use to read configuration from a repository */
+static void repo_read_config(struct repository *repo)
 {
-	if (the_config_set.hash_initialized)
+	struct config_options opts;
+
+	opts.respect_includes = 1;
+	opts.commondir = repo->commondir;
+	opts.git_dir = repo->gitdir;
+
+	if (!repo->config)
+		repo->config = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct config_set));
+	else
+		git_configset_clear(repo->config);
+
+	git_configset_init(repo->config);
+
+	if (config_with_options(config_set_callback, repo->config, NULL, &opts) < 0)
+		/*
+		 * config_with_options() normally returns only
+		 * zero, as most errors are fatal, and
+		 * non-fatal potential errors are guarded by "if"
+		 * statements that are entered only when no error is
+		 * possible.
+		 *
+		 * If we ever encounter a non-fatal error, it means
+		 * something went really wrong and we should stop
+		 * immediately.
+		 */
+		die(_("unknown error occurred while reading the configuration files"));
+}
+
+static void git_config_check_init(struct repository *repo)
+{
+	if (repo->config && repo->config->hash_initialized)
 		return;
-	git_configset_init(&the_config_set);
-	git_config_raw(config_set_callback, &the_config_set);
+	repo_read_config(repo);
 }
 
-void git_config_clear(void)
+static void repo_config_clear(struct repository *repo)
 {
-	if (!the_config_set.hash_initialized)
+	if (!repo->config || !repo->config->hash_initialized)
 		return;
-	git_configset_clear(&the_config_set);
+	git_configset_clear(repo->config);
 }
 
-int git_config_get_value(const char *key, const char **value)
+void repo_config(struct repository *repo, config_fn_t fn, void *data)
 {
-	git_config_check_init();
-	return git_configset_get_value(&the_config_set, key, value);
+	git_config_check_init(repo);
+	configset_iter(repo->config, fn, data);
 }
 
-const struct string_list *git_config_get_value_multi(const char *key)
+int repo_config_get_value(struct repository *repo,
+			  const char *key, const char **value)
 {
-	git_config_check_init();
-	return git_configset_get_value_multi(&the_config_set, key);
+	git_config_check_init(repo);
+	return git_configset_get_value(repo->config, key, value);
 }
 
-int git_config_get_string_const(const char *key, const char **dest)
+const struct string_list *repo_config_get_value_multi(struct repository *repo,
+						      const char *key)
+{
+	git_config_check_init(repo);
+	return git_configset_get_value_multi(repo->config, key);
+}
+
+int repo_config_get_string_const(struct repository *repo,
+				 const char *key, const char **dest)
 {
 	int ret;
-	git_config_check_init();
-	ret = git_configset_get_string_const(&the_config_set, key, dest);
+	git_config_check_init(repo);
+	ret = git_configset_get_string_const(repo->config, key, dest);
 	if (ret < 0)
 		git_die_config(key, NULL);
 	return ret;
 }
 
+int repo_config_get_string(struct repository *repo,
+			   const char *key, char **dest)
+{
+	git_config_check_init(repo);
+	return repo_config_get_string_const(repo, key, (const char **)dest);
+}
+
+int repo_config_get_int(struct repository *repo,
+			const char *key, int *dest)
+{
+	git_config_check_init(repo);
+	return git_configset_get_int(repo->config, key, dest);
+}
+
+int repo_config_get_ulong(struct repository *repo,
+			  const char *key, unsigned long *dest)
+{
+	git_config_check_init(repo);
+	return git_configset_get_ulong(repo->config, key, dest);
+}
+
+int repo_config_get_bool(struct repository *repo,
+			 const char *key, int *dest)
+{
+	git_config_check_init(repo);
+	return git_configset_get_bool(repo->config, key, dest);
+}
+
+int repo_config_get_bool_or_int(struct repository *repo,
+				const char *key, int *is_bool, int *dest)
+{
+	git_config_check_init(repo);
+	return git_configset_get_bool_or_int(repo->config, key, is_bool, dest);
+}
+
+int repo_config_get_maybe_bool(struct repository *repo,
+			       const char *key, int *dest)
+{
+	git_config_check_init(repo);
+	return git_configset_get_maybe_bool(repo->config, key, dest);
+}
+
+int repo_config_get_pathname(struct repository *repo,
+			     const char *key, const char **dest)
+{
+	int ret;
+	git_config_check_init(repo);
+	ret = git_configset_get_pathname(repo->config, key, dest);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		git_die_config(key, NULL);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/* Functions used historically to read configuration from 'the_repository' */
+void git_config(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
+{
+	repo_config(the_repository, fn, data);
+}
+
+void git_config_clear(void)
+{
+	repo_config_clear(the_repository);
+}
+
+int git_config_get_value(const char *key, const char **value)
+{
+	return repo_config_get_value(the_repository, key, value);
+}
+
+const struct string_list *git_config_get_value_multi(const char *key)
+{
+	return repo_config_get_value_multi(the_repository, key);
+}
+
+int git_config_get_string_const(const char *key, const char **dest)
+{
+	return repo_config_get_string_const(the_repository, key, dest);
+}
+
 int git_config_get_string(const char *key, char **dest)
 {
-	git_config_check_init();
-	return git_config_get_string_const(key, (const char **)dest);
+	return repo_config_get_string(the_repository, key, dest);
 }
 
 int git_config_get_int(const char *key, int *dest)
 {
-	git_config_check_init();
-	return git_configset_get_int(&the_config_set, key, dest);
+	return repo_config_get_int(the_repository, key, dest);
 }
 
 int git_config_get_ulong(const char *key, unsigned long *dest)
 {
-	git_config_check_init();
-	return git_configset_get_ulong(&the_config_set, key, dest);
+	return repo_config_get_ulong(the_repository, key, dest);
 }
 
 int git_config_get_bool(const char *key, int *dest)
 {
-	git_config_check_init();
-	return git_configset_get_bool(&the_config_set, key, dest);
+	return repo_config_get_bool(the_repository, key, dest);
 }
 
 int git_config_get_bool_or_int(const char *key, int *is_bool, int *dest)
 {
-	git_config_check_init();
-	return git_configset_get_bool_or_int(&the_config_set, key, is_bool, dest);
+	return repo_config_get_bool_or_int(the_repository, key, is_bool, dest);
 }
 
 int git_config_get_maybe_bool(const char *key, int *dest)
 {
-	git_config_check_init();
-	return git_configset_get_maybe_bool(&the_config_set, key, dest);
+	return repo_config_get_maybe_bool(the_repository, key, dest);
 }
 
 int git_config_get_pathname(const char *key, const char **dest)
 {
-	int ret;
-	git_config_check_init();
-	ret = git_configset_get_pathname(&the_config_set, key, dest);
-	if (ret < 0)
-		git_die_config(key, NULL);
+	return repo_config_get_pathname(the_repository, key, dest);
+}
+
+int git_config_get_expiry(const char *key, const char **output)
+{
+	int ret = git_config_get_string_const(key, output);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	if (strcmp(*output, "now")) {
+		timestamp_t now = approxidate("now");
+		if (approxidate(*output) >= now)
+			git_die_config(key, _("Invalid %s: '%s'"), key, *output);
+	}
 	return ret;
 }
 
+int git_config_get_expiry_in_days(const char *key, timestamp_t *expiry, timestamp_t now)
+{
+	char *expiry_string;
+	intmax_t days;
+	timestamp_t when;
+
+	if (git_config_get_string(key, &expiry_string))
+		return 1; /* no such thing */
+
+	if (git_parse_signed(expiry_string, &days, maximum_signed_value_of_type(int))) {
+		const int scale = 86400;
+		*expiry = now - days * scale;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!parse_expiry_date(expiry_string, &when)) {
+		*expiry = when;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return -1; /* thing exists but cannot be parsed */
+}
+
+int git_config_get_untracked_cache(void)
+{
+	int val = -1;
+	const char *v;
+
+	/* Hack for test programs like test-dump-untracked-cache */
+	if (ignore_untracked_cache_config)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (!git_config_get_maybe_bool("core.untrackedcache", &val))
+		return val;
+
+	if (!git_config_get_value("core.untrackedcache", &v)) {
+		if (!strcasecmp(v, "keep"))
+			return -1;
+
+		error(_("unknown core.untrackedCache value '%s'; "
+			"using 'keep' default value"), v);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return -1; /* default value */
+}
+
+int git_config_get_split_index(void)
+{
+	int val;
+
+	if (!git_config_get_maybe_bool("core.splitindex", &val))
+		return val;
+
+	return -1; /* default value */
+}
+
+int git_config_get_max_percent_split_change(void)
+{
+	int val = -1;
+
+	if (!git_config_get_int("splitindex.maxpercentchange", &val)) {
+		if (0 <= val && val <= 100)
+			return val;
+
+		return error(_("splitIndex.maxPercentChange value '%d' "
+			       "should be between 0 and 100"), val);
+	}
+
+	return -1; /* default value */
+}
+
+int git_config_get_fsmonitor(void)
+{
+	if (git_config_get_pathname("core.fsmonitor", &core_fsmonitor))
+		core_fsmonitor = getenv("GIT_FSMONITOR_TEST");
+
+	if (core_fsmonitor && !*core_fsmonitor)
+		core_fsmonitor = NULL;
+
+	if (core_fsmonitor)
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 NORETURN
 void git_die_config_linenr(const char *key, const char *filename, int linenr)
 {
@@ -1625,136 +2320,170 @@ void git_die_config(const char *key, const char *err, ...)
  * Find all the stuff for git_config_set() below.
  */
 
-static struct {
+struct config_store_data {
 	int baselen;
 	char *key;
 	int do_not_match;
 	regex_t *value_regex;
 	int multi_replace;
-	size_t *offset;
-	unsigned int offset_alloc;
-	enum { START, SECTION_SEEN, SECTION_END_SEEN, KEY_SEEN } state;
-	int seen;
-} store;
+	struct {
+		size_t begin, end;
+		enum config_event_t type;
+		int is_keys_section;
+	} *parsed;
+	unsigned int parsed_nr, parsed_alloc, *seen, seen_nr, seen_alloc;
+	unsigned int key_seen:1, section_seen:1, is_keys_section:1;
+};
+
+static void config_store_data_clear(struct config_store_data *store)
+{
+	free(store->key);
+	if (store->value_regex != NULL &&
+	    store->value_regex != CONFIG_REGEX_NONE) {
+		regfree(store->value_regex);
+		free(store->value_regex);
+	}
+	free(store->parsed);
+	free(store->seen);
+	memset(store, 0, sizeof(*store));
+}
 
-static int matches(const char *key, const char *value)
+static int matches(const char *key, const char *value,
+		   const struct config_store_data *store)
 {
-	if (strcmp(key, store.key))
+	if (strcmp(key, store->key))
 		return 0; /* not ours */
-	if (!store.value_regex)
+	if (!store->value_regex)
 		return 1; /* always matches */
-	if (store.value_regex == CONFIG_REGEX_NONE)
+	if (store->value_regex == CONFIG_REGEX_NONE)
 		return 0; /* never matches */
 
-	return store.do_not_match ^
-		(value && !regexec(store.value_regex, value, 0, NULL, 0));
+	return store->do_not_match ^
+		(value && !regexec(store->value_regex, value, 0, NULL, 0));
+}
+
+static int store_aux_event(enum config_event_t type,
+			   size_t begin, size_t end, void *data)
+{
+	struct config_store_data *store = data;
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(store->parsed, store->parsed_nr + 1, store->parsed_alloc);
+	store->parsed[store->parsed_nr].begin = begin;
+	store->parsed[store->parsed_nr].end = end;
+	store->parsed[store->parsed_nr].type = type;
+
+	if (type == CONFIG_EVENT_SECTION) {
+		int (*cmpfn)(const char *, const char *, size_t);
+
+		if (cf->var.len < 2 || cf->var.buf[cf->var.len - 1] != '.')
+			return error(_("invalid section name '%s'"), cf->var.buf);
+
+		if (cf->subsection_case_sensitive)
+			cmpfn = strncasecmp;
+		else
+			cmpfn = strncmp;
+
+		/* Is this the section we were looking for? */
+		store->is_keys_section =
+			store->parsed[store->parsed_nr].is_keys_section =
+			cf->var.len - 1 == store->baselen &&
+			!cmpfn(cf->var.buf, store->key, store->baselen);
+		if (store->is_keys_section) {
+			store->section_seen = 1;
+			ALLOC_GROW(store->seen, store->seen_nr + 1,
+				   store->seen_alloc);
+			store->seen[store->seen_nr] = store->parsed_nr;
+		}
+	}
+
+	store->parsed_nr++;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int store_aux(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-	const char *ep;
-	size_t section_len;
+	struct config_store_data *store = cb;
 
-	switch (store.state) {
-	case KEY_SEEN:
-		if (matches(key, value)) {
-			if (store.seen == 1 && store.multi_replace == 0) {
+	if (store->key_seen) {
+		if (matches(key, value, store)) {
+			if (store->seen_nr == 1 && store->multi_replace == 0) {
 				warning(_("%s has multiple values"), key);
 			}
 
-			ALLOC_GROW(store.offset, store.seen + 1,
-				   store.offset_alloc);
+			ALLOC_GROW(store->seen, store->seen_nr + 1,
+				   store->seen_alloc);
 
-			store.offset[store.seen] = cf->do_ftell(cf);
-			store.seen++;
+			store->seen[store->seen_nr] = store->parsed_nr;
+			store->seen_nr++;
 		}
-		break;
-	case SECTION_SEEN:
+	} else if (store->is_keys_section) {
 		/*
-		 * What we are looking for is in store.key (both
-		 * section and var), and its section part is baselen
-		 * long.  We found key (again, both section and var).
-		 * We would want to know if this key is in the same
-		 * section as what we are looking for.  We already
-		 * know we are in the same section as what should
-		 * hold store.key.
+		 * Do not increment matches yet: this may not be a match, but we
+		 * are in the desired section.
 		 */
-		ep = strrchr(key, '.');
-		section_len = ep - key;
+		ALLOC_GROW(store->seen, store->seen_nr + 1, store->seen_alloc);
+		store->seen[store->seen_nr] = store->parsed_nr;
+		store->section_seen = 1;
 
-		if ((section_len != store.baselen) ||
-		    memcmp(key, store.key, section_len+1)) {
-			store.state = SECTION_END_SEEN;
-			break;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Do not increment matches: this is no match, but we
-		 * just made sure we are in the desired section.
-		 */
-		ALLOC_GROW(store.offset, store.seen + 1,
-			   store.offset_alloc);
-		store.offset[store.seen] = cf->do_ftell(cf);
-		/* fallthru */
-	case SECTION_END_SEEN:
-	case START:
-		if (matches(key, value)) {
-			ALLOC_GROW(store.offset, store.seen + 1,
-				   store.offset_alloc);
-			store.offset[store.seen] = cf->do_ftell(cf);
-			store.state = KEY_SEEN;
-			store.seen++;
-		} else {
-			if (strrchr(key, '.') - key == store.baselen &&
-			      !strncmp(key, store.key, store.baselen)) {
-					store.state = SECTION_SEEN;
-					ALLOC_GROW(store.offset,
-						   store.seen + 1,
-						   store.offset_alloc);
-					store.offset[store.seen] = cf->do_ftell(cf);
-			}
+		if (matches(key, value, store)) {
+			store->seen_nr++;
+			store->key_seen = 1;
 		}
 	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int write_error(const char *filename)
 {
-	error("failed to write new configuration file %s", filename);
+	error(_("failed to write new configuration file %s"), filename);
 
 	/* Same error code as "failed to rename". */
 	return 4;
 }
 
-static int store_write_section(int fd, const char *key)
+static struct strbuf store_create_section(const char *key,
+					  const struct config_store_data *store)
 {
 	const char *dot;
-	int i, success;
+	int i;
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	dot = memchr(key, '.', store.baselen);
+	dot = memchr(key, '.', store->baselen);
 	if (dot) {
 		strbuf_addf(&sb, "[%.*s \"", (int)(dot - key), key);
-		for (i = dot - key + 1; i < store.baselen; i++) {
+		for (i = dot - key + 1; i < store->baselen; i++) {
 			if (key[i] == '"' || key[i] == '\\')
 				strbuf_addch(&sb, '\\');
 			strbuf_addch(&sb, key[i]);
 		}
 		strbuf_addstr(&sb, "\"]\n");
 	} else {
-		strbuf_addf(&sb, "[%.*s]\n", store.baselen, key);
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, "[%.*s]\n", store->baselen, key);
 	}
 
-	success = write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len) == sb.len;
+	return sb;
+}
+
+static ssize_t write_section(int fd, const char *key,
+			     const struct config_store_data *store)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = store_create_section(key, store);
+	ssize_t ret;
+
+	ret = write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len);
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 
-	return success;
+	return ret;
 }
 
-static int store_write_pair(int fd, const char *key, const char *value)
+static ssize_t write_pair(int fd, const char *key, const char *value,
+			  const struct config_store_data *store)
 {
-	int i, success;
-	int length = strlen(key + store.baselen + 1);
+	int i;
+	ssize_t ret;
+	int length = strlen(key + store->baselen + 1);
 	const char *quote = "";
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
@@ -1774,7 +2503,7 @@ static int store_write_pair(int fd, const char *key, const char *value)
 		quote = "\"";
 
 	strbuf_addf(&sb, "\t%.*s = %s",
-		    length, key + store.baselen + 1, quote);
+		    length, key + store->baselen + 1, quote);
 
 	for (i = 0; value[i]; i++)
 		switch (value[i]) {
@@ -1787,123 +2516,120 @@ static int store_write_pair(int fd, const char *key, const char *value)
 		case '"':
 		case '\\':
 			strbuf_addch(&sb, '\\');
+			/* fallthrough */
 		default:
 			strbuf_addch(&sb, value[i]);
 			break;
 		}
 	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s\n", quote);
 
-	success = write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len) == sb.len;
+	ret = write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len);
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 
-	return success;
-}
-
-static ssize_t find_beginning_of_line(const char *contents, size_t size,
-	size_t offset_, int *found_bracket)
-{
-	size_t equal_offset = size, bracket_offset = size;
-	ssize_t offset;
-
-contline:
-	for (offset = offset_-2; offset > 0
-			&& contents[offset] != '\n'; offset--)
-		switch (contents[offset]) {
-			case '=': equal_offset = offset; break;
-			case ']': bracket_offset = offset; break;
-		}
-	if (offset > 0 && contents[offset-1] == '\\') {
-		offset_ = offset;
-		goto contline;
-	}
-	if (bracket_offset < equal_offset) {
-		*found_bracket = 1;
-		offset = bracket_offset+1;
-	} else
-		offset++;
-
-	return offset;
-}
-
-int git_config_set_in_file(const char *config_filename,
-			const char *key, const char *value)
-{
-	return git_config_set_multivar_in_file(config_filename, key, value, NULL, 0);
-}
-
-int git_config_set(const char *key, const char *value)
-{
-	return git_config_set_multivar(key, value, NULL, 0);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 /*
- * Auxiliary function to sanity-check and split the key into the section
- * identifier and variable name.
+ * If we are about to unset the last key(s) in a section, and if there are
+ * no comments surrounding (or included in) the section, we will want to
+ * extend begin/end to remove the entire section.
  *
- * Returns 0 on success, -1 when there is an invalid character in the key and
- * -2 if there is no section name in the key.
- *
- * store_key - pointer to char* which will hold a copy of the key with
- *             lowercase section and variable name
- * baselen - pointer to int which will hold the length of the
- *           section + subsection part, can be NULL
+ * Note: the parameter `seen_ptr` points to the index into the store.seen
+ * array.  * This index may be incremented if a section has more than one
+ * entry (which all are to be removed).
  */
-int git_config_parse_key(const char *key, char **store_key, int *baselen_)
+static void maybe_remove_section(struct config_store_data *store,
+				 const char *contents,
+				 size_t *begin_offset, size_t *end_offset,
+				 int *seen_ptr)
 {
-	int i, dot, baselen;
-	const char *last_dot = strrchr(key, '.');
+	size_t begin;
+	int i, seen, section_seen = 0;
 
 	/*
-	 * Since "key" actually contains the section name and the real
-	 * key name separated by a dot, we have to know where the dot is.
+	 * First, ensure that this is the first key, and that there are no
+	 * comments before the entry nor before the section header.
 	 */
-
-	if (last_dot == NULL || last_dot == key) {
-		error("key does not contain a section: %s", key);
-		return -CONFIG_NO_SECTION_OR_NAME;
-	}
-
-	if (!last_dot[1]) {
-		error("key does not contain variable name: %s", key);
-		return -CONFIG_NO_SECTION_OR_NAME;
+	seen = *seen_ptr;
+	for (i = store->seen[seen]; i > 0; i--) {
+		enum config_event_t type = store->parsed[i - 1].type;
+
+		if (type == CONFIG_EVENT_COMMENT)
+			/* There is a comment before this entry or section */
+			return;
+		if (type == CONFIG_EVENT_ENTRY) {
+			if (!section_seen)
+				/* This is not the section's first entry. */
+				return;
+			/* We encountered no comment before the section. */
+			break;
+		}
+		if (type == CONFIG_EVENT_SECTION) {
+			if (!store->parsed[i - 1].is_keys_section)
+				break;
+			section_seen = 1;
+		}
 	}
-
-	baselen = last_dot - key;
-	if (baselen_)
-		*baselen_ = baselen;
+	begin = store->parsed[i].begin;
 
 	/*
-	 * Validate the key and while at it, lower case it for matching.
+	 * Next, make sure that we are removing he last key(s) in the section,
+	 * and that there are no comments that are possibly about the current
+	 * section.
 	 */
-	*store_key = xmalloc(strlen(key) + 1);
+	for (i = store->seen[seen] + 1; i < store->parsed_nr; i++) {
+		enum config_event_t type = store->parsed[i].type;
 
-	dot = 0;
-	for (i = 0; key[i]; i++) {
-		unsigned char c = key[i];
-		if (c == '.')
-			dot = 1;
-		/* Leave the extended basename untouched.. */
-		if (!dot || i > baselen) {
-			if (!iskeychar(c) ||
-			    (i == baselen + 1 && !isalpha(c))) {
-				error("invalid key: %s", key);
-				goto out_free_ret_1;
-			}
-			c = tolower(c);
-		} else if (c == '\n') {
-			error("invalid key (newline): %s", key);
-			goto out_free_ret_1;
+		if (type == CONFIG_EVENT_COMMENT)
+			return;
+		if (type == CONFIG_EVENT_SECTION) {
+			if (store->parsed[i].is_keys_section)
+				continue;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (type == CONFIG_EVENT_ENTRY) {
+			if (++seen < store->seen_nr &&
+			    i == store->seen[seen])
+				/* We want to remove this entry, too */
+				continue;
+			/* There is another entry in this section. */
+			return;
 		}
-		(*store_key)[i] = c;
 	}
-	(*store_key)[i] = 0;
 
-	return 0;
+	/*
+	 * We are really removing the last entry/entries from this section, and
+	 * there are no enclosed or surrounding comments. Remove the entire,
+	 * now-empty section.
+	 */
+	*seen_ptr = seen;
+	*begin_offset = begin;
+	if (i < store->parsed_nr)
+		*end_offset = store->parsed[i].begin;
+	else
+		*end_offset = store->parsed[store->parsed_nr - 1].end;
+}
 
-out_free_ret_1:
-	free(*store_key);
-	*store_key = NULL;
-	return -CONFIG_INVALID_KEY;
+int git_config_set_in_file_gently(const char *config_filename,
+				  const char *key, const char *value)
+{
+	return git_config_set_multivar_in_file_gently(config_filename, key, value, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+void git_config_set_in_file(const char *config_filename,
+			    const char *key, const char *value)
+{
+	git_config_set_multivar_in_file(config_filename, key, value, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+int git_config_set_gently(const char *key, const char *value)
+{
+	return git_config_set_multivar_gently(key, value, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+void git_config_set(const char *key, const char *value)
+{
+	git_config_set_multivar(key, value, NULL, 0);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1931,14 +2657,20 @@ out_free_ret_1:
  * - the config file is removed and the lock file rename()d to it.
  *
  */
-int git_config_set_multivar_in_file(const char *config_filename,
-				const char *key, const char *value,
-				const char *value_regex, int multi_replace)
+int git_config_set_multivar_in_file_gently(const char *config_filename,
+					   const char *key, const char *value,
+					   const char *value_regex,
+					   int multi_replace)
 {
-	int fd = -1, in_fd;
+	int fd = -1, in_fd = -1;
 	int ret;
-	struct lock_file *lock = NULL;
+	struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
 	char *filename_buf = NULL;
+	char *contents = NULL;
+	size_t contents_sz;
+	struct config_store_data store;
+
+	memset(&store, 0, sizeof(store));
 
 	/* parse-key returns negative; flip the sign to feed exit(3) */
 	ret = 0 - git_config_parse_key(key, &store.key, &store.baselen);
@@ -1954,11 +2686,9 @@ int git_config_set_multivar_in_file(const char *config_filename,
 	 * The lock serves a purpose in addition to locking: the new
 	 * contents of .git/config will be written into it.
 	 */
-	lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
-	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(lock, config_filename, 0);
+	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, config_filename, 0);
 	if (fd < 0) {
-		error("could not lock config file %s: %s", config_filename, strerror(errno));
-		free(store.key);
+		error_errno(_("could not lock config file %s"), config_filename);
 		ret = CONFIG_NO_LOCK;
 		goto out_free;
 	}
@@ -1968,11 +2698,8 @@ int git_config_set_multivar_in_file(const char *config_filename,
 	 */
 	in_fd = open(config_filename, O_RDONLY);
 	if ( in_fd < 0 ) {
-		free(store.key);
-
 		if ( ENOENT != errno ) {
-			error("opening %s: %s", config_filename,
-			      strerror(errno));
+			error_errno(_("opening %s"), config_filename);
 			ret = CONFIG_INVALID_FILE; /* same as "invalid config file" */
 			goto out_free;
 		}
@@ -1982,15 +2709,16 @@ int git_config_set_multivar_in_file(const char *config_filename,
 			goto out_free;
 		}
 
-		store.key = (char *)key;
-		if (!store_write_section(fd, key) ||
-		    !store_write_pair(fd, key, value))
+		free(store.key);
+		store.key = xstrdup(key);
+		if (write_section(fd, key, &store) < 0 ||
+		    write_pair(fd, key, value, &store) < 0)
 			goto write_err_out;
 	} else {
 		struct stat st;
-		char *contents;
-		size_t contents_sz, copy_begin, copy_end;
+		size_t copy_begin, copy_end;
 		int i, new_line = 0;
+		struct config_options opts;
 
 		if (value_regex == NULL)
 			store.value_regex = NULL;
@@ -2006,75 +2734,112 @@ int git_config_set_multivar_in_file(const char *config_filename,
 			store.value_regex = (regex_t*)xmalloc(sizeof(regex_t));
 			if (regcomp(store.value_regex, value_regex,
 					REG_EXTENDED)) {
-				error("invalid pattern: %s", value_regex);
-				free(store.value_regex);
+				error(_("invalid pattern: %s"), value_regex);
+				FREE_AND_NULL(store.value_regex);
 				ret = CONFIG_INVALID_PATTERN;
 				goto out_free;
 			}
 		}
 
-		ALLOC_GROW(store.offset, 1, store.offset_alloc);
-		store.offset[0] = 0;
-		store.state = START;
-		store.seen = 0;
+		ALLOC_GROW(store.parsed, 1, store.parsed_alloc);
+		store.parsed[0].end = 0;
+
+		memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+		opts.event_fn = store_aux_event;
+		opts.event_fn_data = &store;
 
 		/*
-		 * After this, store.offset will contain the *end* offset
-		 * of the last match, or remain at 0 if no match was found.
+		 * After this, store.parsed will contain offsets of all the
+		 * parsed elements, and store.seen will contain a list of
+		 * matches, as indices into store.parsed.
+		 *
 		 * As a side effect, we make sure to transform only a valid
 		 * existing config file.
 		 */
-		if (git_config_from_file(store_aux, config_filename, NULL)) {
-			error("invalid config file %s", config_filename);
-			free(store.key);
-			if (store.value_regex != NULL &&
-			    store.value_regex != CONFIG_REGEX_NONE) {
-				regfree(store.value_regex);
-				free(store.value_regex);
-			}
+		if (git_config_from_file_with_options(store_aux,
+						      config_filename,
+						      &store, &opts)) {
+			error(_("invalid config file %s"), config_filename);
 			ret = CONFIG_INVALID_FILE;
 			goto out_free;
 		}
 
-		free(store.key);
-		if (store.value_regex != NULL &&
-		    store.value_regex != CONFIG_REGEX_NONE) {
-			regfree(store.value_regex);
-			free(store.value_regex);
-		}
-
 		/* if nothing to unset, or too many matches, error out */
-		if ((store.seen == 0 && value == NULL) ||
-				(store.seen > 1 && multi_replace == 0)) {
+		if ((store.seen_nr == 0 && value == NULL) ||
+		    (store.seen_nr > 1 && multi_replace == 0)) {
 			ret = CONFIG_NOTHING_SET;
 			goto out_free;
 		}
 
-		fstat(in_fd, &st);
+		if (fstat(in_fd, &st) == -1) {
+			error_errno(_("fstat on %s failed"), config_filename);
+			ret = CONFIG_INVALID_FILE;
+			goto out_free;
+		}
+
 		contents_sz = xsize_t(st.st_size);
-		contents = xmmap(NULL, contents_sz, PROT_READ,
-			MAP_PRIVATE, in_fd, 0);
+		contents = xmmap_gently(NULL, contents_sz, PROT_READ,
+					MAP_PRIVATE, in_fd, 0);
+		if (contents == MAP_FAILED) {
+			if (errno == ENODEV && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
+				errno = EISDIR;
+			error_errno(_("unable to mmap '%s'"), config_filename);
+			ret = CONFIG_INVALID_FILE;
+			contents = NULL;
+			goto out_free;
+		}
 		close(in_fd);
+		in_fd = -1;
 
-		if (chmod(lock->filename.buf, st.st_mode & 07777) < 0) {
-			error("chmod on %s failed: %s",
-				lock->filename.buf, strerror(errno));
+		if (chmod(get_lock_file_path(&lock), st.st_mode & 07777) < 0) {
+			error_errno(_("chmod on %s failed"), get_lock_file_path(&lock));
 			ret = CONFIG_NO_WRITE;
 			goto out_free;
 		}
 
-		if (store.seen == 0)
-			store.seen = 1;
+		if (store.seen_nr == 0) {
+			if (!store.seen_alloc) {
+				/* Did not see key nor section */
+				ALLOC_GROW(store.seen, 1, store.seen_alloc);
+				store.seen[0] = store.parsed_nr
+					- !!store.parsed_nr;
+			}
+			store.seen_nr = 1;
+		}
 
-		for (i = 0, copy_begin = 0; i < store.seen; i++) {
-			if (store.offset[i] == 0) {
-				store.offset[i] = copy_end = contents_sz;
-			} else if (store.state != KEY_SEEN) {
-				copy_end = store.offset[i];
-			} else
-				copy_end = find_beginning_of_line(
-					contents, contents_sz,
-					store.offset[i]-2, &new_line);
+		for (i = 0, copy_begin = 0; i < store.seen_nr; i++) {
+			size_t replace_end;
+			int j = store.seen[i];
+
+			new_line = 0;
+			if (!store.key_seen) {
+				copy_end = store.parsed[j].end;
+				/* include '\n' when copying section header */
+				if (copy_end > 0 && copy_end < contents_sz &&
+				    contents[copy_end - 1] != '\n' &&
+				    contents[copy_end] == '\n')
+					copy_end++;
+				replace_end = copy_end;
+			} else {
+				replace_end = store.parsed[j].end;
+				copy_end = store.parsed[j].begin;
+				if (!value)
+					maybe_remove_section(&store, contents,
+							     &copy_end,
+							     &replace_end, &i);
+				/*
+				 * Swallow preceding white-space on the same
+				 * line.
+				 */
+				while (copy_end > 0 ) {
+					char c = contents[copy_end - 1];
+
+					if (isspace(c) && c != '\n')
+						copy_end--;
+					else
+						break;
+				}
+			}
 
 			if (copy_end > 0 && contents[copy_end-1] != '\n')
 				new_line = 1;
@@ -2082,72 +2847,87 @@ int git_config_set_multivar_in_file(const char *config_filename,
 			/* write the first part of the config */
 			if (copy_end > copy_begin) {
 				if (write_in_full(fd, contents + copy_begin,
-						  copy_end - copy_begin) <
-				    copy_end - copy_begin)
+						  copy_end - copy_begin) < 0)
 					goto write_err_out;
 				if (new_line &&
-				    write_str_in_full(fd, "\n") != 1)
+				    write_str_in_full(fd, "\n") < 0)
 					goto write_err_out;
 			}
-			copy_begin = store.offset[i];
+			copy_begin = replace_end;
 		}
 
 		/* write the pair (value == NULL means unset) */
 		if (value != NULL) {
-			if (store.state == START) {
-				if (!store_write_section(fd, key))
+			if (!store.section_seen) {
+				if (write_section(fd, key, &store) < 0)
 					goto write_err_out;
 			}
-			if (!store_write_pair(fd, key, value))
+			if (write_pair(fd, key, value, &store) < 0)
 				goto write_err_out;
 		}
 
 		/* write the rest of the config */
 		if (copy_begin < contents_sz)
 			if (write_in_full(fd, contents + copy_begin,
-					  contents_sz - copy_begin) <
-			    contents_sz - copy_begin)
+					  contents_sz - copy_begin) < 0)
 				goto write_err_out;
 
 		munmap(contents, contents_sz);
+		contents = NULL;
 	}
 
-	if (commit_lock_file(lock) < 0) {
-		error("could not commit config file %s", config_filename);
+	if (commit_lock_file(&lock) < 0) {
+		error_errno(_("could not write config file %s"), config_filename);
 		ret = CONFIG_NO_WRITE;
-		lock = NULL;
 		goto out_free;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * lock is committed, so don't try to roll it back below.
-	 * NOTE: Since lockfile.c keeps a linked list of all created
-	 * lock_file structures, it isn't safe to free(lock).  It's
-	 * better to just leave it hanging around.
-	 */
-	lock = NULL;
 	ret = 0;
 
 	/* Invalidate the config cache */
 	git_config_clear();
 
 out_free:
-	if (lock)
-		rollback_lock_file(lock);
+	rollback_lock_file(&lock);
 	free(filename_buf);
+	if (contents)
+		munmap(contents, contents_sz);
+	if (in_fd >= 0)
+		close(in_fd);
+	config_store_data_clear(&store);
 	return ret;
 
 write_err_out:
-	ret = write_error(lock->filename.buf);
+	ret = write_error(get_lock_file_path(&lock));
 	goto out_free;
 
 }
 
-int git_config_set_multivar(const char *key, const char *value,
-			const char *value_regex, int multi_replace)
+void git_config_set_multivar_in_file(const char *config_filename,
+				     const char *key, const char *value,
+				     const char *value_regex, int multi_replace)
+{
+	if (!git_config_set_multivar_in_file_gently(config_filename, key, value,
+						    value_regex, multi_replace))
+		return;
+	if (value)
+		die(_("could not set '%s' to '%s'"), key, value);
+	else
+		die(_("could not unset '%s'"), key);
+}
+
+int git_config_set_multivar_gently(const char *key, const char *value,
+				   const char *value_regex, int multi_replace)
+{
+	return git_config_set_multivar_in_file_gently(NULL, key, value, value_regex,
+						      multi_replace);
+}
+
+void git_config_set_multivar(const char *key, const char *value,
+			     const char *value_regex, int multi_replace)
 {
-	return git_config_set_multivar_in_file(NULL, key, value, value_regex,
-					       multi_replace);
+	git_config_set_multivar_in_file(NULL, key, value, value_regex,
+					multi_replace);
 }
 
 static int section_name_match (const char *buf, const char *name)
@@ -2206,54 +2986,82 @@ static int section_name_is_ok(const char *name)
 }
 
 /* if new_name == NULL, the section is removed instead */
-int git_config_rename_section_in_file(const char *config_filename,
-				      const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
+static int git_config_copy_or_rename_section_in_file(const char *config_filename,
+				      const char *old_name,
+				      const char *new_name, int copy)
 {
 	int ret = 0, remove = 0;
 	char *filename_buf = NULL;
-	struct lock_file *lock;
+	struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
 	int out_fd;
 	char buf[1024];
-	FILE *config_file;
+	FILE *config_file = NULL;
 	struct stat st;
+	struct strbuf copystr = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct config_store_data store;
+
+	memset(&store, 0, sizeof(store));
 
 	if (new_name && !section_name_is_ok(new_name)) {
-		ret = error("invalid section name: %s", new_name);
-		goto out;
+		ret = error(_("invalid section name: %s"), new_name);
+		goto out_no_rollback;
 	}
 
 	if (!config_filename)
 		config_filename = filename_buf = git_pathdup("config");
 
-	lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
-	out_fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(lock, config_filename, 0);
+	out_fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, config_filename, 0);
 	if (out_fd < 0) {
-		ret = error("could not lock config file %s", config_filename);
+		ret = error(_("could not lock config file %s"), config_filename);
 		goto out;
 	}
 
 	if (!(config_file = fopen(config_filename, "rb"))) {
+		ret = warn_on_fopen_errors(config_filename);
+		if (ret)
+			goto out;
 		/* no config file means nothing to rename, no error */
-		goto unlock_and_out;
+		goto commit_and_out;
 	}
 
-	fstat(fileno(config_file), &st);
+	if (fstat(fileno(config_file), &st) == -1) {
+		ret = error_errno(_("fstat on %s failed"), config_filename);
+		goto out;
+	}
 
-	if (chmod(lock->filename.buf, st.st_mode & 07777) < 0) {
-		ret = error("chmod on %s failed: %s",
-				lock->filename.buf, strerror(errno));
+	if (chmod(get_lock_file_path(&lock), st.st_mode & 07777) < 0) {
+		ret = error_errno(_("chmod on %s failed"),
+				  get_lock_file_path(&lock));
 		goto out;
 	}
 
 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), config_file)) {
 		int i;
 		int length;
+		int is_section = 0;
 		char *output = buf;
 		for (i = 0; buf[i] && isspace(buf[i]); i++)
 			; /* do nothing */
 		if (buf[i] == '[') {
 			/* it's a section */
-			int offset = section_name_match(&buf[i], old_name);
+			int offset;
+			is_section = 1;
+
+			/*
+			 * When encountering a new section under -c we
+			 * need to flush out any section we're already
+			 * coping and begin anew. There might be
+			 * multiple [branch "$name"] sections.
+			 */
+			if (copystr.len > 0) {
+				if (write_in_full(out_fd, copystr.buf, copystr.len) < 0) {
+					ret = write_error(get_lock_file_path(&lock));
+					goto out;
+				}
+				strbuf_reset(&copystr);
+			}
+
+			offset = section_name_match(&buf[i], old_name);
 			if (offset > 0) {
 				ret++;
 				if (new_name == NULL) {
@@ -2261,25 +3069,29 @@ int git_config_rename_section_in_file(const char *config_filename,
 					continue;
 				}
 				store.baselen = strlen(new_name);
-				if (!store_write_section(out_fd, new_name)) {
-					ret = write_error(lock->filename.buf);
-					goto out;
-				}
-				/*
-				 * We wrote out the new section, with
-				 * a newline, now skip the old
-				 * section's length
-				 */
-				output += offset + i;
-				if (strlen(output) > 0) {
+				if (!copy) {
+					if (write_section(out_fd, new_name, &store) < 0) {
+						ret = write_error(get_lock_file_path(&lock));
+						goto out;
+					}
 					/*
-					 * More content means there's
-					 * a declaration to put on the
-					 * next line; indent with a
-					 * tab
+					 * We wrote out the new section, with
+					 * a newline, now skip the old
+					 * section's length
 					 */
-					output -= 1;
-					output[0] = '\t';
+					output += offset + i;
+					if (strlen(output) > 0) {
+						/*
+						 * More content means there's
+						 * a declaration to put on the
+						 * next line; indent with a
+						 * tab
+						 */
+						output -= 1;
+						output[0] = '\t';
+					}
+				} else {
+					copystr = store_create_section(new_name, &store);
 				}
 			}
 			remove = 0;
@@ -2287,25 +3099,70 @@ int git_config_rename_section_in_file(const char *config_filename,
 		if (remove)
 			continue;
 		length = strlen(output);
-		if (write_in_full(out_fd, output, length) != length) {
-			ret = write_error(lock->filename.buf);
+
+		if (!is_section && copystr.len > 0) {
+			strbuf_add(&copystr, output, length);
+		}
+
+		if (write_in_full(out_fd, output, length) < 0) {
+			ret = write_error(get_lock_file_path(&lock));
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Copy a trailing section at the end of the config, won't be
+	 * flushed by the usual "flush because we have a new section
+	 * logic in the loop above.
+	 */
+	if (copystr.len > 0) {
+		if (write_in_full(out_fd, copystr.buf, copystr.len) < 0) {
+			ret = write_error(get_lock_file_path(&lock));
 			goto out;
 		}
+		strbuf_reset(&copystr);
 	}
+
 	fclose(config_file);
-unlock_and_out:
-	if (commit_lock_file(lock) < 0)
-		ret = error("could not commit config file %s", config_filename);
+	config_file = NULL;
+commit_and_out:
+	if (commit_lock_file(&lock) < 0)
+		ret = error_errno(_("could not write config file %s"),
+				  config_filename);
 out:
+	if (config_file)
+		fclose(config_file);
+	rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+out_no_rollback:
 	free(filename_buf);
+	config_store_data_clear(&store);
 	return ret;
 }
 
+int git_config_rename_section_in_file(const char *config_filename,
+				      const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
+{
+	return git_config_copy_or_rename_section_in_file(config_filename,
+					 old_name, new_name, 0);
+}
+
 int git_config_rename_section(const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
 {
 	return git_config_rename_section_in_file(NULL, old_name, new_name);
 }
 
+int git_config_copy_section_in_file(const char *config_filename,
+				      const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
+{
+	return git_config_copy_or_rename_section_in_file(config_filename,
+					 old_name, new_name, 1);
+}
+
+int git_config_copy_section(const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
+{
+	return git_config_copy_section_in_file(NULL, old_name, new_name);
+}
+
 /*
  * Call this to report error for your variable that should not
  * get a boolean value (i.e. "[my] var" means "true").
@@ -2313,7 +3170,7 @@ int git_config_rename_section(const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
 #undef config_error_nonbool
 int config_error_nonbool(const char *var)
 {
-	return error("Missing value for '%s'", var);
+	return error(_("missing value for '%s'"), var);
 }
 
 int parse_config_key(const char *var,
@@ -2321,11 +3178,10 @@ int parse_config_key(const char *var,
 		     const char **subsection, int *subsection_len,
 		     const char **key)
 {
-	int section_len = strlen(section);
 	const char *dot;
 
 	/* Does it start with "section." ? */
-	if (!starts_with(var, section) || var[section_len] != '.')
+	if (!skip_prefix(var, section, &var) || *var != '.')
 		return -1;
 
 	/*
@@ -2337,14 +3193,77 @@ int parse_config_key(const char *var,
 	*key = dot + 1;
 
 	/* Did we have a subsection at all? */
-	if (dot == var + section_len) {
-		*subsection = NULL;
-		*subsection_len = 0;
+	if (dot == var) {
+		if (subsection) {
+			*subsection = NULL;
+			*subsection_len = 0;
+		}
 	}
 	else {
-		*subsection = var + section_len + 1;
+		if (!subsection)
+			return -1;
+		*subsection = var + 1;
 		*subsection_len = dot - *subsection;
 	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
+
+const char *current_config_origin_type(void)
+{
+	int type;
+	if (current_config_kvi)
+		type = current_config_kvi->origin_type;
+	else if(cf)
+		type = cf->origin_type;
+	else
+		BUG("current_config_origin_type called outside config callback");
+
+	switch (type) {
+	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_BLOB:
+		return "blob";
+	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_FILE:
+		return "file";
+	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_STDIN:
+		return "standard input";
+	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_SUBMODULE_BLOB:
+		return "submodule-blob";
+	case CONFIG_ORIGIN_CMDLINE:
+		return "command line";
+	default:
+		BUG("unknown config origin type");
+	}
+}
+
+const char *current_config_name(void)
+{
+	const char *name;
+	if (current_config_kvi)
+		name = current_config_kvi->filename;
+	else if (cf)
+		name = cf->name;
+	else
+		BUG("current_config_name called outside config callback");
+	return name ? name : "";
+}
+
+enum config_scope current_config_scope(void)
+{
+	if (current_config_kvi)
+		return current_config_kvi->scope;
+	else
+		return current_parsing_scope;
+}
+
+int lookup_config(const char **mapping, int nr_mapping, const char *var)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_mapping; i++) {
+		const char *name = mapping[i];
+
+		if (name && !strcasecmp(var, name))
+			return i;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
diff --git a/config.h b/config.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ab46e0165d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/config.h
@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+#ifndef CONFIG_H
+#define CONFIG_H
+
+#include "hashmap.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+struct object_id;
+
+/* git_config_parse_key() returns these negated: */
+#define CONFIG_INVALID_KEY 1
+#define CONFIG_NO_SECTION_OR_NAME 2
+/* git_config_set_gently(), git_config_set_multivar_gently() return the above or these: */
+#define CONFIG_NO_LOCK -1
+#define CONFIG_INVALID_FILE 3
+#define CONFIG_NO_WRITE 4
+#define CONFIG_NOTHING_SET 5
+#define CONFIG_INVALID_PATTERN 6
+#define CONFIG_GENERIC_ERROR 7
+
+#define CONFIG_REGEX_NONE ((void *)1)
+
+struct git_config_source {
+	unsigned int use_stdin:1;
+	const char *file;
+	const char *blob;
+};
+
+enum config_origin_type {
+	CONFIG_ORIGIN_BLOB,
+	CONFIG_ORIGIN_FILE,
+	CONFIG_ORIGIN_STDIN,
+	CONFIG_ORIGIN_SUBMODULE_BLOB,
+	CONFIG_ORIGIN_CMDLINE
+};
+
+enum config_event_t {
+	CONFIG_EVENT_SECTION,
+	CONFIG_EVENT_ENTRY,
+	CONFIG_EVENT_WHITESPACE,
+	CONFIG_EVENT_COMMENT,
+	CONFIG_EVENT_EOF,
+	CONFIG_EVENT_ERROR
+};
+
+/*
+ * The parser event function (if not NULL) is called with the event type and
+ * the begin/end offsets of the parsed elements.
+ *
+ * Note: for CONFIG_EVENT_ENTRY (i.e. config variables), the trailing newline
+ * character is considered part of the element.
+ */
+typedef int (*config_parser_event_fn_t)(enum config_event_t type,
+					size_t begin_offset, size_t end_offset,
+					void *event_fn_data);
+
+struct config_options {
+	unsigned int respect_includes : 1;
+	const char *commondir;
+	const char *git_dir;
+	config_parser_event_fn_t event_fn;
+	void *event_fn_data;
+	enum config_error_action {
+		CONFIG_ERROR_UNSET = 0, /* use source-specific default */
+		CONFIG_ERROR_DIE, /* die() on error */
+		CONFIG_ERROR_ERROR, /* error() on error, return -1 */
+		CONFIG_ERROR_SILENT, /* return -1 */
+	} error_action;
+};
+
+typedef int (*config_fn_t)(const char *, const char *, void *);
+extern int git_default_config(const char *, const char *, void *);
+extern int git_config_from_file(config_fn_t fn, const char *, void *);
+extern int git_config_from_file_with_options(config_fn_t fn, const char *,
+					     void *,
+					     const struct config_options *);
+extern int git_config_from_mem(config_fn_t fn,
+			       const enum config_origin_type,
+			       const char *name,
+			       const char *buf, size_t len,
+			       void *data, const struct config_options *opts);
+extern int git_config_from_blob_oid(config_fn_t fn, const char *name,
+				    const struct object_id *oid, void *data);
+extern void git_config_push_parameter(const char *text);
+extern int git_config_from_parameters(config_fn_t fn, void *data);
+extern void read_early_config(config_fn_t cb, void *data);
+extern void git_config(config_fn_t fn, void *);
+extern int config_with_options(config_fn_t fn, void *,
+			       struct git_config_source *config_source,
+			       const struct config_options *opts);
+extern int git_parse_ssize_t(const char *, ssize_t *);
+extern int git_parse_ulong(const char *, unsigned long *);
+extern int git_parse_maybe_bool(const char *);
+extern int git_config_int(const char *, const char *);
+extern int64_t git_config_int64(const char *, const char *);
+extern unsigned long git_config_ulong(const char *, const char *);
+extern ssize_t git_config_ssize_t(const char *, const char *);
+extern int git_config_bool_or_int(const char *, const char *, int *);
+extern int git_config_bool(const char *, const char *);
+extern int git_config_string(const char **, const char *, const char *);
+extern int git_config_pathname(const char **, const char *, const char *);
+extern int git_config_expiry_date(timestamp_t *, const char *, const char *);
+extern int git_config_color(char *, const char *, const char *);
+extern int git_config_set_in_file_gently(const char *, const char *, const char *);
+extern void git_config_set_in_file(const char *, const char *, const char *);
+extern int git_config_set_gently(const char *, const char *);
+extern void git_config_set(const char *, const char *);
+extern int git_config_parse_key(const char *, char **, int *);
+extern int git_config_key_is_valid(const char *key);
+extern int git_config_set_multivar_gently(const char *, const char *, const char *, int);
+extern void git_config_set_multivar(const char *, const char *, const char *, int);
+extern int git_config_set_multivar_in_file_gently(const char *, const char *, const char *, const char *, int);
+extern void git_config_set_multivar_in_file(const char *, const char *, const char *, const char *, int);
+extern int git_config_rename_section(const char *, const char *);
+extern int git_config_rename_section_in_file(const char *, const char *, const char *);
+extern int git_config_copy_section(const char *, const char *);
+extern int git_config_copy_section_in_file(const char *, const char *, const char *);
+extern const char *git_etc_gitconfig(void);
+extern int git_env_bool(const char *, int);
+extern unsigned long git_env_ulong(const char *, unsigned long);
+extern int git_config_system(void);
+extern int config_error_nonbool(const char *);
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+#define config_error_nonbool(s) (config_error_nonbool(s), const_error())
+#endif
+
+extern int git_config_parse_parameter(const char *, config_fn_t fn, void *data);
+
+enum config_scope {
+	CONFIG_SCOPE_UNKNOWN = 0,
+	CONFIG_SCOPE_SYSTEM,
+	CONFIG_SCOPE_GLOBAL,
+	CONFIG_SCOPE_REPO,
+	CONFIG_SCOPE_CMDLINE,
+};
+
+extern enum config_scope current_config_scope(void);
+extern const char *current_config_origin_type(void);
+extern const char *current_config_name(void);
+
+struct config_include_data {
+	int depth;
+	config_fn_t fn;
+	void *data;
+	const struct config_options *opts;
+};
+#define CONFIG_INCLUDE_INIT { 0 }
+extern int git_config_include(const char *name, const char *value, void *data);
+
+/*
+ * Match and parse a config key of the form:
+ *
+ *   section.(subsection.)?key
+ *
+ * (i.e., what gets handed to a config_fn_t). The caller provides the section;
+ * we return -1 if it does not match, 0 otherwise. The subsection and key
+ * out-parameters are filled by the function (and *subsection is NULL if it is
+ * missing).
+ *
+ * If the subsection pointer-to-pointer passed in is NULL, returns 0 only if
+ * there is no subsection at all.
+ */
+extern int parse_config_key(const char *var,
+			    const char *section,
+			    const char **subsection, int *subsection_len,
+			    const char **key);
+
+struct config_set_element {
+	struct hashmap_entry ent;
+	char *key;
+	struct string_list value_list;
+};
+
+struct configset_list_item {
+	struct config_set_element *e;
+	int value_index;
+};
+
+/*
+ * the contents of the list are ordered according to their
+ * position in the config files and order of parsing the files.
+ * (i.e. key-value pair at the last position of .git/config will
+ * be at the last item of the list)
+ */
+struct configset_list {
+	struct configset_list_item *items;
+	unsigned int nr, alloc;
+};
+
+struct config_set {
+	struct hashmap config_hash;
+	int hash_initialized;
+	struct configset_list list;
+};
+
+extern void git_configset_init(struct config_set *cs);
+extern int git_configset_add_file(struct config_set *cs, const char *filename);
+extern const struct string_list *git_configset_get_value_multi(struct config_set *cs, const char *key);
+extern void git_configset_clear(struct config_set *cs);
+
+/*
+ * These functions return 1 if not found, and 0 if found, leaving the found
+ * value in the 'dest' pointer.
+ */
+extern int git_configset_get_value(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, const char **dest);
+extern int git_configset_get_string_const(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, const char **dest);
+extern int git_configset_get_string(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, char **dest);
+extern int git_configset_get_int(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, int *dest);
+extern int git_configset_get_ulong(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, unsigned long *dest);
+extern int git_configset_get_bool(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, int *dest);
+extern int git_configset_get_bool_or_int(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, int *is_bool, int *dest);
+extern int git_configset_get_maybe_bool(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, int *dest);
+extern int git_configset_get_pathname(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, const char **dest);
+
+/* Functions for reading a repository's config */
+struct repository;
+extern void repo_config(struct repository *repo, config_fn_t fn, void *data);
+extern int repo_config_get_value(struct repository *repo,
+				 const char *key, const char **value);
+extern const struct string_list *repo_config_get_value_multi(struct repository *repo,
+							     const char *key);
+extern int repo_config_get_string_const(struct repository *repo,
+					const char *key, const char **dest);
+extern int repo_config_get_string(struct repository *repo,
+				  const char *key, char **dest);
+extern int repo_config_get_int(struct repository *repo,
+			       const char *key, int *dest);
+extern int repo_config_get_ulong(struct repository *repo,
+				 const char *key, unsigned long *dest);
+extern int repo_config_get_bool(struct repository *repo,
+				const char *key, int *dest);
+extern int repo_config_get_bool_or_int(struct repository *repo,
+				       const char *key, int *is_bool, int *dest);
+extern int repo_config_get_maybe_bool(struct repository *repo,
+				      const char *key, int *dest);
+extern int repo_config_get_pathname(struct repository *repo,
+				    const char *key, const char **dest);
+
+extern int git_config_get_value(const char *key, const char **value);
+extern const struct string_list *git_config_get_value_multi(const char *key);
+extern void git_config_clear(void);
+extern int git_config_get_string_const(const char *key, const char **dest);
+extern int git_config_get_string(const char *key, char **dest);
+extern int git_config_get_int(const char *key, int *dest);
+extern int git_config_get_ulong(const char *key, unsigned long *dest);
+extern int git_config_get_bool(const char *key, int *dest);
+extern int git_config_get_bool_or_int(const char *key, int *is_bool, int *dest);
+extern int git_config_get_maybe_bool(const char *key, int *dest);
+extern int git_config_get_pathname(const char *key, const char **dest);
+extern int git_config_get_untracked_cache(void);
+extern int git_config_get_split_index(void);
+extern int git_config_get_max_percent_split_change(void);
+extern int git_config_get_fsmonitor(void);
+
+/* This dies if the configured or default date is in the future */
+extern int git_config_get_expiry(const char *key, const char **output);
+
+/* parse either "this many days" integer, or "5.days.ago" approxidate */
+extern int git_config_get_expiry_in_days(const char *key, timestamp_t *, timestamp_t now);
+
+struct key_value_info {
+	const char *filename;
+	int linenr;
+	enum config_origin_type origin_type;
+	enum config_scope scope;
+};
+
+extern NORETURN void git_die_config(const char *key, const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format(printf, 2, 3)));
+extern NORETURN void git_die_config_linenr(const char *key, const char *filename, int linenr);
+
+#define LOOKUP_CONFIG(mapping, var) \
+	lookup_config(mapping, ARRAY_SIZE(mapping), var)
+int lookup_config(const char **mapping, int nr_mapping, const char *var);
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_H */
diff --git a/config.mak.dev b/config.mak.dev
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9a998149d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/config.mak.dev
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+ifeq ($(filter no-error,$(DEVOPTS)),)
+CFLAGS += -Werror
+endif
+ifneq ($(filter pedantic,$(DEVOPTS)),)
+CFLAGS += -pedantic
+# don't warn for each N_ use
+CFLAGS += -DUSE_PARENS_AROUND_GETTEXT_N=0
+endif
+CFLAGS += -Wdeclaration-after-statement
+CFLAGS += -Wno-format-zero-length
+CFLAGS += -Wold-style-definition
+CFLAGS += -Woverflow
+CFLAGS += -Wpointer-arith
+CFLAGS += -Wstrict-prototypes
+CFLAGS += -Wunused
+CFLAGS += -Wvla
+
+ifndef COMPILER_FEATURES
+COMPILER_FEATURES := $(shell ./detect-compiler $(CC))
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(filter clang4,$(COMPILER_FEATURES)),)
+CFLAGS += -Wtautological-constant-out-of-range-compare
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(or $(filter gcc6,$(COMPILER_FEATURES)),$(filter clang4,$(COMPILER_FEATURES))),)
+CFLAGS += -Wextra
+# if a function is public, there should be a prototype and the right
+# header file should be included. If not, it should be static.
+CFLAGS += -Wmissing-prototypes
+ifeq ($(filter extra-all,$(DEVOPTS)),)
+# These are disabled because we have these all over the place.
+CFLAGS += -Wno-empty-body
+CFLAGS += -Wno-missing-field-initializers
+CFLAGS += -Wno-sign-compare
+CFLAGS += -Wno-unused-function
+CFLAGS += -Wno-unused-parameter
+endif
+endif
+
+# uninitialized warnings on gcc 4.9.2 in xdiff/xdiffi.c and config.c
+# not worth fixing since newer compilers correctly stop complaining
+ifneq ($(filter gcc4,$(COMPILER_FEATURES)),)
+ifeq ($(filter gcc5,$(COMPILER_FEATURES)),)
+CFLAGS += -Wno-uninitialized
+endif
+endif
diff --git a/config.mak.uname b/config.mak.uname
index b64b63c34c..2be2f19811 100644
--- a/config.mak.uname
+++ b/config.mak.uname
@@ -17,9 +17,6 @@ endif
 # because maintaining the nesting to match is a pain.  If
 # we had "elif" things would have been much nicer...
 
-ifeq ($(uname_M),x86_64)
-	XDL_FAST_HASH = YesPlease
-endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),OSF1)
 	# Need this for u_short definitions et al
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D_OSF_SOURCE
@@ -30,20 +27,26 @@ endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),Linux)
 	HAVE_ALLOCA_H = YesPlease
 	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
 	LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL = YesPlease
 	HAVE_DEV_TTY = YesPlease
 	HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME = YesPlease
 	HAVE_CLOCK_MONOTONIC = YesPlease
+	# -lrt is needed for clock_gettime on glibc <= 2.16
+	NEEDS_LIBRT = YesPlease
+	HAVE_GETDELIM = YesPlease
+	SANE_TEXT_GREP=-a
+	FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES = UnfortunatelyYes
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_SYSINFO
+	PROCFS_EXECUTABLE_PATH = /proc/self/exe
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),GNU/kFreeBSD)
 	HAVE_ALLOCA_H = YesPlease
 	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
 	DIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS = YesPlease
 	LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL = YesPlease
+	FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES = UnfortunatelyYes
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),UnixWare)
 	CC = cc
@@ -54,7 +57,6 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),UnixWare)
 	SHELL_PATH = /usr/local/bin/bash
 	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
 	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -Kthread
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
 	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
@@ -78,7 +80,6 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),SCO_SV)
 	SHELL_PATH = /usr/bin/bash
 	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
 	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
 	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
@@ -101,12 +102,18 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),Darwin)
 	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[15]\.'),2)
 		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
 	endif
+	ifeq ($(shell test "`expr "$(uname_R)" : '\([0-9][0-9]*\)\.'`" -ge 11 && echo 1),1)
+		HAVE_GETDELIM = YesPlease
+	endif
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
 	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
 	HAVE_DEV_TTY = YesPlease
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/precompose_utf8.o
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DPRECOMPOSE_UNICODE
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DPROTECT_HFS_DEFAULT=1
+	HAVE_BSD_SYSCTL = YesPlease
+	FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES = UnfortunatelyYes
+	HAVE_NS_GET_EXECUTABLE_PATH = YesPlease
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),SunOS)
 	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
@@ -117,7 +124,6 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),SunOS)
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
 	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
 	NO_MSGFMT_EXTENDED_OPTIONS = YesPlease
 	HAVE_DEV_TTY = YesPlease
@@ -161,10 +167,8 @@ endif
 ifeq ($(uname_O),Cygwin)
 	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '1\.[1-6]\.'),4)
 		NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
-		NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
 		NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
 		NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-		NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 		NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
 		NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
 		OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
@@ -181,7 +185,10 @@ ifeq ($(uname_O),Cygwin)
 	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
 	X = .exe
 	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
-	SPARSE_FLAGS = -isystem /usr/include/w32api -Wno-one-bit-signed-bitfield
+	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES = UnfortunatelyNeedsTo
+	MMAP_PREVENTS_DELETE = UnfortunatelyYes
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/cygwin.o
+	FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES = UnfortunatelyYes
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
 	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
@@ -197,8 +204,13 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
 		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
 	endif
 	PYTHON_PATH = /usr/local/bin/python
+	PERL_PATH = /usr/local/bin/perl
 	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
 	GMTIME_UNRELIABLE_ERRORS = UnfortunatelyYes
+	HAVE_BSD_SYSCTL = YesPlease
+	HAVE_BSD_KERN_PROC_SYSCTL = YesPlease
+	PAGER_ENV = LESS=FRX LV=-c MORE=FRX
+	FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES = UnfortunatelyYes
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),OpenBSD)
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
@@ -208,6 +220,9 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),OpenBSD)
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
 	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
 	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
+	HAVE_BSD_SYSCTL = YesPlease
+	HAVE_BSD_KERN_PROC_SYSCTL = YesPlease
+	PROCFS_EXECUTABLE_PATH = /proc/curproc/file
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),MirBSD)
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
@@ -215,6 +230,7 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),MirBSD)
 	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
 	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
 	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
+	HAVE_BSD_SYSCTL = YesPlease
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),NetBSD)
 	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[01]\.'),2)
@@ -223,17 +239,19 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),NetBSD)
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/pkg/include
 	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/pkg/lib $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)/usr/pkg/lib
 	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
+	HAVE_BSD_SYSCTL = YesPlease
+	HAVE_BSD_KERN_PROC_SYSCTL = YesPlease
+	PROCFS_EXECUTABLE_PATH = /proc/curproc/exe
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),AIX)
 	DEFAULT_PAGER = more
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
 	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
 	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	NO_REGEX = NeedsStartEnd
 	FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES = UnfortunatelyYes
 	INTERNAL_QSORT = UnfortunatelyYes
 	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
@@ -252,7 +270,6 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),GNU)
 	# GNU/Hurd
 	HAVE_ALLOCA_H = YesPlease
 	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
 	LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL = YesPlease
 endif
@@ -261,7 +278,6 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),IRIX)
 	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
 	# When compiled with the MIPSpro 7.4.4m compiler, and without pthreads
 	# (i.e. NO_PTHREADS is set), and _with_ MMAP (i.e. NO_MMAP is not set),
@@ -280,7 +296,6 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),IRIX64)
 	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
 	# When compiled with the MIPSpro 7.4.4m compiler, and without pthreads
 	# (i.e. NO_PTHREADS is set), and _with_ MMAP (i.e. NO_MMAP is not set),
@@ -300,7 +315,6 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),HP-UX)
 	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
 	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
 	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
@@ -341,13 +355,14 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),Windows)
 	NO_ICONV = YesPlease
 	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
 	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
 	NO_SVN_TESTS = YesPlease
 	RUNTIME_PREFIX = YesPlease
+	HAVE_WPGMPTR = YesWeDo
 	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
 	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
 	USE_WIN32_MMAP = YesPlease
+	MMAP_PREVENTS_DELETE = UnfortunatelyYes
 	# USE_NED_ALLOCATOR = YesPlease
 	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
 	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES = UnfortunatelyNeedsTo
@@ -361,7 +376,6 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),Windows)
 	NO_POSIX_GOODIES = UnfortunatelyYes
 	NATIVE_CRLF = YesPlease
 	DEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT = html
-	NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
 
 	CC = compat/vcbuild/scripts/clink.pl
 	AR = compat/vcbuild/scripts/lib.pl
@@ -392,7 +406,6 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),Interix)
 	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
 	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
 	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	ifeq ($(uname_R),3.5)
 		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
 		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
@@ -451,7 +464,6 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),NONSTOP_KERNEL)
 	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
 	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
 	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	# Currently libiconv-1.9.1.
 	OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
 	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
@@ -493,32 +505,30 @@ ifneq (,$(findstring MINGW,$(uname_S)))
 	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
 	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
 	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	NO_SVN_TESTS = YesPlease
 	NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER = YesPlease
 	RUNTIME_PREFIX = YesPlease
+	HAVE_WPGMPTR = YesWeDo
 	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
 	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
 	USE_WIN32_MMAP = YesPlease
+	MMAP_PREVENTS_DELETE = UnfortunatelyYes
 	USE_NED_ALLOCATOR = YesPlease
 	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
 	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES = UnfortunatelyNeedsTo
 	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
 	NO_PYTHON = YesPlease
-	BLK_SHA1 = YesPlease
 	ETAGS_TARGET = ETAGS
 	NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
 	NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
 	NO_POSIX_GOODIES = UnfortunatelyYes
 	DEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT = html
-	NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
-	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -D_USE_32BIT_TIME_T -DNOGDI -Icompat -Icompat/win32
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNOGDI -Icompat -Icompat/win32
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DSTRIP_EXTENSION=\".exe\"
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mingw.o compat/winansi.o \
 		compat/win32/pthread.o compat/win32/syslog.o \
 		compat/win32/dirent.o
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DPROTECT_NTFS_DEFAULT=1
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -Wl,--large-address-aware
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DWIN32 -DPROTECT_NTFS_DEFAULT=1
 	EXTLIBS += -lws2_32
 	GITLIBS += git.res
 	PTHREAD_LIBS =
@@ -535,8 +545,37 @@ ifneq (,$(wildcard ../THIS_IS_MSYSGIT))
 	INTERNAL_QSORT = YesPlease
 	HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H = YesPlease
 	NO_GETTEXT = YesPlease
+	COMPAT_CLFAGS += -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS
 else
-	NO_CURL = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '2\.'),2)
+		# MSys2
+		prefix = /usr/
+		ifeq (MINGW32,$(MSYSTEM))
+			prefix = /mingw32
+		endif
+		ifeq (MINGW64,$(MSYSTEM))
+			prefix = /mingw64
+		else
+			COMPAT_CFLAGS += -D_USE_32BIT_TIME_T
+			BASIC_LDFLAGS += -Wl,--large-address-aware
+		endif
+		CC = gcc
+		COMPAT_CFLAGS += -D__USE_MINGW_ANSI_STDIO=0 -DDETECT_MSYS_TTY
+		EXTLIBS += -lntdll
+		INSTALL = /bin/install
+		NO_R_TO_GCC_LINKER = YesPlease
+		INTERNAL_QSORT = YesPlease
+		HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H = YesPlease
+		NO_GETTEXT =
+		USE_GETTEXT_SCHEME = fallthrough
+		USE_LIBPCRE= YesPlease
+		NO_LIBPCRE1_JIT = UnfortunatelyYes
+		NO_CURL =
+		USE_NED_ALLOCATOR = YesPlease
+	else
+		COMPAT_CFLAGS += -D__USE_MINGW_ANSI_STDIO
+		NO_CURL = YesPlease
+	endif
 endif
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),QNX)
@@ -548,7 +587,6 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),QNX)
 	NO_ICONV = YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
 	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
 	NO_PTHREADS = YesPlease
 	NO_R_TO_GCC_LINKER = YesPlease
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index 55e5a9b3e6..e11b7976ab 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -241,7 +241,6 @@ AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for site configuration])
 # a bundled SHA1 routine optimized for PowerPC.
 #
 # Define NO_OPENSSL environment variable if you do not have OpenSSL.
-# This also implies BLK_SHA1.
 #
 # Define OPENSSLDIR=/foo/bar if your openssl header and library files are in
 # /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
@@ -250,24 +249,70 @@ AS_HELP_STRING([--with-openssl],[use OpenSSL library (default is YES)])
 AS_HELP_STRING([],              [ARG can be prefix for openssl library and headers]),
 GIT_PARSE_WITH([openssl]))
 
-# Define USE_LIBPCRE if you have and want to use libpcre. git-grep will be
-# able to use Perl-compatible regular expressions.
+# Define USE_LIBPCRE if you have and want to use libpcre. Various
+# commands such as log and grep offer runtime options to use
+# Perl-compatible regular expressions instead of standard or extended
+# POSIX regular expressions.
 #
-# Define LIBPCREDIR=/foo/bar if your libpcre header and library files are in
+# USE_LIBPCRE is a synonym for USE_LIBPCRE2, define USE_LIBPCRE1
+# instead if you'd like to use the legacy version 1 of the PCRE
+# library. Support for version 1 will likely be removed in some future
+# release of Git, as upstream has all but abandoned it.
+#
+# Define LIBPCREDIR=/foo/bar if your PCRE header and library files are in
 # /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
 #
 AC_ARG_WITH(libpcre,
-AS_HELP_STRING([--with-libpcre],[support Perl-compatible regexes (default is NO)])
+AS_HELP_STRING([--with-libpcre],[synonym for --with-libpcre2]),
+    if test "$withval" = "no"; then
+	USE_LIBPCRE2=
+    elif test "$withval" = "yes"; then
+	USE_LIBPCRE2=YesPlease
+    else
+	USE_LIBPCRE2=YesPlease
+	LIBPCREDIR=$withval
+	AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting LIBPCREDIR to $LIBPCREDIR])
+        dnl USE_LIBPCRE2 can still be modified below, so don't substitute
+        dnl it yet.
+	GIT_CONF_SUBST([LIBPCREDIR])
+    fi)
+
+AC_ARG_WITH(libpcre1,
+AS_HELP_STRING([--with-libpcre1],[support Perl-compatible regexes via libpcre1 (default is NO)])
+AS_HELP_STRING([],           [ARG can be also prefix for libpcre library and headers]),
+    if test "$withval" = "no"; then
+	USE_LIBPCRE1=
+    elif test "$withval" = "yes"; then
+	USE_LIBPCRE1=YesPlease
+    else
+	USE_LIBPCRE1=YesPlease
+	LIBPCREDIR=$withval
+	AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting LIBPCREDIR to $LIBPCREDIR])
+        dnl USE_LIBPCRE1 can still be modified below, so don't substitute
+        dnl it yet.
+	GIT_CONF_SUBST([LIBPCREDIR])
+    fi)
+
+AC_ARG_WITH(libpcre2,
+AS_HELP_STRING([--with-libpcre2],[support Perl-compatible regexes via libpcre2 (default is NO)])
 AS_HELP_STRING([],           [ARG can be also prefix for libpcre library and headers]),
+    if test -n "$USE_LIBPCRE2"; then
+        AC_MSG_ERROR([Only supply one of --with-libpcre or its synonym --with-libpcre2!])
+    fi
+
+    if test -n "$USE_LIBPCRE1"; then
+        AC_MSG_ERROR([Only supply one of --with-libpcre1 or --with-libpcre2!])
+    fi
+
     if test "$withval" = "no"; then
-	USE_LIBPCRE=
+	USE_LIBPCRE2=
     elif test "$withval" = "yes"; then
-	USE_LIBPCRE=YesPlease
+	USE_LIBPCRE2=YesPlease
     else
-	USE_LIBPCRE=YesPlease
+	USE_LIBPCRE2=YesPlease
 	LIBPCREDIR=$withval
 	AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting LIBPCREDIR to $LIBPCREDIR])
-        dnl USE_LIBPCRE can still be modified below, so don't substitute
+        dnl USE_LIBPCRE2 can still be modified below, so don't substitute
         dnl it yet.
 	GIT_CONF_SUBST([LIBPCREDIR])
     fi)
@@ -471,6 +516,13 @@ if test -n "$ASCIIDOC"; then
 	esac
 fi
 
+if grep -a ascii configure.ac >/dev/null; then
+  AC_MSG_RESULT([Using 'grep -a' for sane_grep])
+  SANE_TEXT_GREP=-a
+else
+  SANE_TEXT_GREP=
+fi
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([SANE_TEXT_GREP])
 
 ## Checks for libraries.
 AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for libraries])
@@ -492,21 +544,36 @@ GIT_CONF_SUBST([NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO])
 GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_OPENSSL])
 
 #
-# Define USE_LIBPCRE if you have and want to use libpcre. git-grep will be
-# able to use Perl-compatible regular expressions.
+# Handle the USE_LIBPCRE1 and USE_LIBPCRE2 options potentially set
+# above.
 #
 
-if test -n "$USE_LIBPCRE"; then
+if test -n "$USE_LIBPCRE1"; then
 
 GIT_STASH_FLAGS($LIBPCREDIR)
 
 AC_CHECK_LIB([pcre], [pcre_version],
-[USE_LIBPCRE=YesPlease],
-[USE_LIBPCRE=])
+[USE_LIBPCRE1=YesPlease],
+[USE_LIBPCRE1=])
 
 GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($LIBPCREDIR)
 
-GIT_CONF_SUBST([USE_LIBPCRE])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([USE_LIBPCRE1])
+
+fi
+
+
+if test -n "$USE_LIBPCRE2"; then
+
+GIT_STASH_FLAGS($LIBPCREDIR)
+
+AC_CHECK_LIB([pcre2-8], [pcre2_config_8],
+[USE_LIBPCRE2=YesPlease],
+[USE_LIBPCRE2=])
+
+GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($LIBPCREDIR)
+
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([USE_LIBPCRE2])
 
 fi
 
@@ -525,6 +592,30 @@ GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($CURLDIR)
 
 GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_CURL])
 
+if test -z "$NO_CURL"; then
+
+AC_CHECK_PROG([CURL_CONFIG], [curl-config],
+[curl-config],
+[no])
+
+if test $CURL_CONFIG != no; then
+    GIT_CONF_SUBST([CURL_CONFIG])
+    if test -z "${NO_OPENSSL}"; then
+      AC_MSG_CHECKING([if Curl supports SSL])
+      if test $(curl-config --features|grep SSL) = SSL; then
+         NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CURL=YesPlease
+         AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
+      else
+         NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CURL=
+         AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
+      fi
+      GIT_CONF_SUBST([NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CURL])
+    fi
+fi
+
+fi
+
+
 #
 # Define NO_EXPAT if you do not have expat installed.  git-http-push is
 # not built, and you cannot push using http:// and https:// transports.
@@ -767,13 +858,6 @@ elif test x$ac_cv_member_struct_stat_st_mtim_tv_nsec != xyes; then
 	GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_NSEC])
 fi
 #
-# Define NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT if you don't have d_ino in your struct dirent.
-AC_CHECK_MEMBER(struct dirent.d_ino,
-[NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT=],
-[NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT=YesPlease],
-[#include <dirent.h>])
-GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT])
-#
 # Define NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT if your platform defines DT_UNKNOWN but lacks
 # d_type in struct dirent (latest Cygwin -- will be fixed soonish).
 AC_CHECK_MEMBER(struct dirent.d_type,
@@ -812,9 +896,10 @@ AC_CHECK_TYPE([struct addrinfo],[
 ])
 GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_IPV6])
 #
-# Define NO_REGEX if you have no or inferior regex support in your C library.
-AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether the platform regex can handle null bytes],
- [ac_cv_c_excellent_regex], [
+# Define NO_REGEX if your C library lacks regex support with REG_STARTEND
+# feature.
+AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether the platform regex supports REG_STARTEND],
+ [ac_cv_c_regex_with_reg_startend], [
 AC_EGREP_CPP(yippeeyeswehaveit,
 	AC_LANG_PROGRAM([AC_INCLUDES_DEFAULT
 #include <regex.h>
@@ -823,10 +908,10 @@ AC_EGREP_CPP(yippeeyeswehaveit,
 yippeeyeswehaveit
 #endif
 ]),
-	[ac_cv_c_excellent_regex=yes],
-	[ac_cv_c_excellent_regex=no])
+	[ac_cv_c_regex_with_reg_startend=yes],
+	[ac_cv_c_regex_with_reg_startend=no])
 ])
-if test $ac_cv_c_excellent_regex = yes; then
+if test $ac_cv_c_regex_with_reg_startend = yes; then
 	NO_REGEX=
 else
 	NO_REGEX=YesPlease
@@ -840,9 +925,9 @@ AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether system succeeds to read fopen'ed directory],
 [
 AC_RUN_IFELSE(
 	[AC_LANG_PROGRAM([AC_INCLUDES_DEFAULT],
-		[[char c;
+		[[
 		FILE *f = fopen(".", "r");
-		return f && fread(&c, 1, 1, f)]])],
+		return f != NULL;]])],
 	[ac_cv_fread_reads_directories=no],
 	[ac_cv_fread_reads_directories=yes])
 ])
@@ -947,10 +1032,6 @@ AC_CHECK_LIB([iconv], [locale_charset],
                      [CHARSET_LIB=-lcharset])])
 GIT_CONF_SUBST([CHARSET_LIB])
 #
-# Define NO_HMAC_CTX_CLEANUP=YesPlease if HMAC_CTX_cleanup is missing.
-AC_CHECK_LIB([crypto], [HMAC_CTX_cleanup],
-	[], [GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_HMAC_CTX_CLEANUP], [YesPlease])])
-#
 # Define HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME=YesPlease if clock_gettime is available.
 GIT_CHECK_FUNC(clock_gettime,
 	[HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME=YesPlease],
@@ -1029,23 +1110,46 @@ GIT_CHECK_FUNC(mkdtemp,
 [NO_MKDTEMP=YesPlease])
 GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_MKDTEMP])
 #
-# Define NO_MKSTEMPS if you don't have mkstemps in the C library.
-GIT_CHECK_FUNC(mkstemps,
-[NO_MKSTEMPS=],
-[NO_MKSTEMPS=YesPlease])
-GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_MKSTEMPS])
-#
 # Define NO_INITGROUPS if you don't have initgroups in the C library.
 GIT_CHECK_FUNC(initgroups,
 [NO_INITGROUPS=],
 [NO_INITGROUPS=YesPlease])
 GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_INITGROUPS])
 #
+# Define HAVE_GETDELIM if you have getdelim in the C library.
+GIT_CHECK_FUNC(getdelim,
+[HAVE_GETDELIM=YesPlease],
+[HAVE_GETDELIM=])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([HAVE_GETDELIM])
+#
 #
 # Define NO_MMAP if you want to avoid mmap.
 #
 # Define NO_ICONV if your libc does not properly support iconv.
 
+AC_DEFUN([BSD_SYSCTL_SRC], [
+AC_LANG_PROGRAM([[
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/sysctl.h>
+]],[[
+int val, mib[2];
+size_t len;
+mib[0] = CTL_HW;
+mib[1] = 1;
+len = sizeof(val);
+return sysctl(mib, 2, &val, &len, NULL, 0) ? 1 : 0;
+]])])
+
+#
+# Define HAVE_BSD_SYSCTL=YesPlease if a BSD-compatible sysctl function is available.
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([for BSD sysctl])
+AC_COMPILE_IFELSE([BSD_SYSCTL_SRC],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
+	HAVE_BSD_SYSCTL=YesPlease],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
+	HAVE_BSD_SYSCTL=])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([HAVE_BSD_SYSCTL])
 
 ## Other checks.
 # Define USE_PIC if you need the main git objects to be built with -fPIC
@@ -1060,14 +1164,19 @@ GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_INITGROUPS])
 AC_DEFUN([PTHREADTEST_SRC], [
 AC_LANG_PROGRAM([[
 #include <pthread.h>
+static void *noop(void *ignore) { return ignore; }
 ]], [[
 	pthread_mutex_t test_mutex;
 	pthread_key_t test_key;
+	pthread_t th;
 	int retcode = 0;
+	void *ret = (void *)0;
 	retcode |= pthread_key_create(&test_key, (void *)0);
 	retcode |= pthread_mutex_init(&test_mutex,(void *)0);
 	retcode |= pthread_mutex_lock(&test_mutex);
 	retcode |= pthread_mutex_unlock(&test_mutex);
+	retcode |= pthread_create(&th, ret, noop, ret);
+	retcode |= pthread_join(th, &ret);
 	return retcode;
 ]])])
 
@@ -1097,7 +1206,12 @@ elif test -z "$PTHREAD_CFLAGS"; then
   # would then trigger compiler warnings on every single file we compile.
   for opt in "" -mt -pthread -lpthread; do
      old_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
-     CFLAGS="$opt $CFLAGS"
+     old_LIBS="$LIBS"
+     case "$opt" in
+        -l*)  LIBS="$opt $LIBS" ;;
+        *)    CFLAGS="$opt $CFLAGS" ;;
+     esac
+
      AC_MSG_CHECKING([for POSIX Threads with '$opt'])
      AC_LINK_IFELSE([PTHREADTEST_SRC],
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
@@ -1109,6 +1223,7 @@ elif test -z "$PTHREAD_CFLAGS"; then
 	],
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])])
       CFLAGS="$old_CFLAGS"
+      LIBS="$old_LIBS"
   done
   if test $threads_found != yes; then
     AC_CHECK_LIB([pthread], [pthread_create],
diff --git a/connect.c b/connect.c
index ce0e121423..94547e5056 100644
--- a/connect.c
+++ b/connect.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "refs.h"
@@ -9,8 +10,14 @@
 #include "url.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "sha1-array.h"
-
-static char *server_capabilities;
+#include "transport.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "version.h"
+#include "protocol.h"
+#include "alias.h"
+
+static char *server_capabilities_v1;
+static struct argv_array server_capabilities_v2 = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 static const char *parse_feature_value(const char *, const char *, int *);
 
 static int check_ref(const char *name, unsigned int flags)
@@ -42,14 +49,106 @@ int check_ref_type(const struct ref *ref, int flags)
 	return check_ref(ref->name, flags);
 }
 
-static void die_initial_contact(int got_at_least_one_head)
+static NORETURN void die_initial_contact(int unexpected)
 {
-	if (got_at_least_one_head)
-		die("The remote end hung up upon initial contact");
+	/*
+	 * A hang-up after seeing some response from the other end
+	 * means that it is unexpected, as we know the other end is
+	 * willing to talk to us.  A hang-up before seeing any
+	 * response does not necessarily mean an ACL problem, though.
+	 */
+	if (unexpected)
+		die(_("the remote end hung up upon initial contact"));
 	else
-		die("Could not read from remote repository.\n\n"
-		    "Please make sure you have the correct access rights\n"
-		    "and the repository exists.");
+		die(_("Could not read from remote repository.\n\n"
+		      "Please make sure you have the correct access rights\n"
+		      "and the repository exists."));
+}
+
+/* Checks if the server supports the capability 'c' */
+int server_supports_v2(const char *c, int die_on_error)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < server_capabilities_v2.argc; i++) {
+		const char *out;
+		if (skip_prefix(server_capabilities_v2.argv[i], c, &out) &&
+		    (!*out || *out == '='))
+			return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (die_on_error)
+		die(_("server doesn't support '%s'"), c);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int server_supports_feature(const char *c, const char *feature,
+			    int die_on_error)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < server_capabilities_v2.argc; i++) {
+		const char *out;
+		if (skip_prefix(server_capabilities_v2.argv[i], c, &out) &&
+		    (!*out || *(out++) == '=')) {
+			if (parse_feature_request(out, feature))
+				return 1;
+			else
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (die_on_error)
+		die(_("server doesn't support feature '%s'"), feature);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void process_capabilities_v2(struct packet_reader *reader)
+{
+	while (packet_reader_read(reader) == PACKET_READ_NORMAL)
+		argv_array_push(&server_capabilities_v2, reader->line);
+
+	if (reader->status != PACKET_READ_FLUSH)
+		die(_("expected flush after capabilities"));
+}
+
+enum protocol_version discover_version(struct packet_reader *reader)
+{
+	enum protocol_version version = protocol_unknown_version;
+
+	/*
+	 * Peek the first line of the server's response to
+	 * determine the protocol version the server is speaking.
+	 */
+	switch (packet_reader_peek(reader)) {
+	case PACKET_READ_EOF:
+		die_initial_contact(0);
+	case PACKET_READ_FLUSH:
+	case PACKET_READ_DELIM:
+		version = protocol_v0;
+		break;
+	case PACKET_READ_NORMAL:
+		version = determine_protocol_version_client(reader->line);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	switch (version) {
+	case protocol_v2:
+		process_capabilities_v2(reader);
+		break;
+	case protocol_v1:
+		/* Read the peeked version line */
+		packet_reader_read(reader);
+		break;
+	case protocol_v0:
+		break;
+	case protocol_unknown_version:
+		BUG("unknown protocol version");
+	}
+
+	return version;
 }
 
 static void parse_one_symref_info(struct string_list *symref, const char *val, int len)
@@ -70,7 +169,7 @@ static void parse_one_symref_info(struct string_list *symref, const char *val, i
 	    check_refname_format(target, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL))
 		/* "symref=bogus:pair */
 		goto reject;
-	item = string_list_append(symref, sym);
+	item = string_list_append_nodup(symref, sym);
 	item->util = target;
 	return;
 reject:
@@ -81,7 +180,7 @@ reject:
 static void annotate_refs_with_symref_info(struct ref *ref)
 {
 	struct string_list symref = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
-	const char *feature_list = server_capabilities;
+	const char *feature_list = server_capabilities_v1;
 
 	while (feature_list) {
 		int len;
@@ -105,73 +204,248 @@ static void annotate_refs_with_symref_info(struct ref *ref)
 	string_list_clear(&symref, 0);
 }
 
+static void process_capabilities(const char *line, int *len)
+{
+	int nul_location = strlen(line);
+	if (nul_location == *len)
+		return;
+	server_capabilities_v1 = xstrdup(line + nul_location + 1);
+	*len = nul_location;
+}
+
+static int process_dummy_ref(const char *line)
+{
+	struct object_id oid;
+	const char *name;
+
+	if (parse_oid_hex(line, &oid, &name))
+		return 0;
+	if (*name != ' ')
+		return 0;
+	name++;
+
+	return !oidcmp(&null_oid, &oid) && !strcmp(name, "capabilities^{}");
+}
+
+static void check_no_capabilities(const char *line, int len)
+{
+	if (strlen(line) != len)
+		warning(_("ignoring capabilities after first line '%s'"),
+			line + strlen(line));
+}
+
+static int process_ref(const char *line, int len, struct ref ***list,
+		       unsigned int flags, struct oid_array *extra_have)
+{
+	struct object_id old_oid;
+	const char *name;
+
+	if (parse_oid_hex(line, &old_oid, &name))
+		return 0;
+	if (*name != ' ')
+		return 0;
+	name++;
+
+	if (extra_have && !strcmp(name, ".have")) {
+		oid_array_append(extra_have, &old_oid);
+	} else if (!strcmp(name, "capabilities^{}")) {
+		die(_("protocol error: unexpected capabilities^{}"));
+	} else if (check_ref(name, flags)) {
+		struct ref *ref = alloc_ref(name);
+		oidcpy(&ref->old_oid, &old_oid);
+		**list = ref;
+		*list = &ref->next;
+	}
+	check_no_capabilities(line, len);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int process_shallow(const char *line, int len,
+			   struct oid_array *shallow_points)
+{
+	const char *arg;
+	struct object_id old_oid;
+
+	if (!skip_prefix(line, "shallow ", &arg))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (get_oid_hex(arg, &old_oid))
+		die(_("protocol error: expected shallow sha-1, got '%s'"), arg);
+	if (!shallow_points)
+		die(_("repository on the other end cannot be shallow"));
+	oid_array_append(shallow_points, &old_oid);
+	check_no_capabilities(line, len);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+enum get_remote_heads_state {
+	EXPECTING_FIRST_REF = 0,
+	EXPECTING_REF,
+	EXPECTING_SHALLOW,
+	EXPECTING_DONE,
+};
+
 /*
  * Read all the refs from the other end
  */
-struct ref **get_remote_heads(int in, char *src_buf, size_t src_len,
+struct ref **get_remote_heads(struct packet_reader *reader,
 			      struct ref **list, unsigned int flags,
-			      struct sha1_array *extra_have,
-			      struct sha1_array *shallow_points)
+			      struct oid_array *extra_have,
+			      struct oid_array *shallow_points)
 {
 	struct ref **orig_list = list;
-	int got_at_least_one_head = 0;
+	int len = 0;
+	enum get_remote_heads_state state = EXPECTING_FIRST_REF;
+	const char *arg;
 
 	*list = NULL;
-	for (;;) {
-		struct ref *ref;
-		unsigned char old_sha1[20];
-		char *name;
-		int len, name_len;
-		char *buffer = packet_buffer;
-		const char *arg;
-
-		len = packet_read(in, &src_buf, &src_len,
-				  packet_buffer, sizeof(packet_buffer),
-				  PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF |
-				  PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE);
-		if (len < 0)
-			die_initial_contact(got_at_least_one_head);
-
-		if (!len)
-			break;
 
-		if (len > 4 && skip_prefix(buffer, "ERR ", &arg))
-			die("remote error: %s", arg);
+	while (state != EXPECTING_DONE) {
+		switch (packet_reader_read(reader)) {
+		case PACKET_READ_EOF:
+			die_initial_contact(1);
+		case PACKET_READ_NORMAL:
+			len = reader->pktlen;
+			if (len > 4 && skip_prefix(reader->line, "ERR ", &arg))
+				die(_("remote error: %s"), arg);
+			break;
+		case PACKET_READ_FLUSH:
+			state = EXPECTING_DONE;
+			break;
+		case PACKET_READ_DELIM:
+			die(_("invalid packet"));
+		}
 
-		if (len == 48 && skip_prefix(buffer, "shallow ", &arg)) {
-			if (get_sha1_hex(arg, old_sha1))
-				die("protocol error: expected shallow sha-1, got '%s'", arg);
-			if (!shallow_points)
-				die("repository on the other end cannot be shallow");
-			sha1_array_append(shallow_points, old_sha1);
-			continue;
+		switch (state) {
+		case EXPECTING_FIRST_REF:
+			process_capabilities(reader->line, &len);
+			if (process_dummy_ref(reader->line)) {
+				state = EXPECTING_SHALLOW;
+				break;
+			}
+			state = EXPECTING_REF;
+			/* fallthrough */
+		case EXPECTING_REF:
+			if (process_ref(reader->line, len, &list, flags, extra_have))
+				break;
+			state = EXPECTING_SHALLOW;
+			/* fallthrough */
+		case EXPECTING_SHALLOW:
+			if (process_shallow(reader->line, len, shallow_points))
+				break;
+			die(_("protocol error: unexpected '%s'"), reader->line);
+		case EXPECTING_DONE:
+			break;
 		}
+	}
 
-		if (len < 42 || get_sha1_hex(buffer, old_sha1) || buffer[40] != ' ')
-			die("protocol error: expected sha/ref, got '%s'", buffer);
-		name = buffer + 41;
+	annotate_refs_with_symref_info(*orig_list);
 
-		name_len = strlen(name);
-		if (len != name_len + 41) {
-			free(server_capabilities);
-			server_capabilities = xstrdup(name + name_len + 1);
-		}
+	return list;
+}
 
-		if (extra_have && !strcmp(name, ".have")) {
-			sha1_array_append(extra_have, old_sha1);
-			continue;
+/* Returns 1 when a valid ref has been added to `list`, 0 otherwise */
+static int process_ref_v2(const char *line, struct ref ***list)
+{
+	int ret = 1;
+	int i = 0;
+	struct object_id old_oid;
+	struct ref *ref;
+	struct string_list line_sections = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	const char *end;
+
+	/*
+	 * Ref lines have a number of fields which are space deliminated.  The
+	 * first field is the OID of the ref.  The second field is the ref
+	 * name.  Subsequent fields (symref-target and peeled) are optional and
+	 * don't have a particular order.
+	 */
+	if (string_list_split(&line_sections, line, ' ', -1) < 2) {
+		ret = 0;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (parse_oid_hex(line_sections.items[i++].string, &old_oid, &end) ||
+	    *end) {
+		ret = 0;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ref = alloc_ref(line_sections.items[i++].string);
+
+	oidcpy(&ref->old_oid, &old_oid);
+	**list = ref;
+	*list = &ref->next;
+
+	for (; i < line_sections.nr; i++) {
+		const char *arg = line_sections.items[i].string;
+		if (skip_prefix(arg, "symref-target:", &arg))
+			ref->symref = xstrdup(arg);
+
+		if (skip_prefix(arg, "peeled:", &arg)) {
+			struct object_id peeled_oid;
+			char *peeled_name;
+			struct ref *peeled;
+			if (parse_oid_hex(arg, &peeled_oid, &end) || *end) {
+				ret = 0;
+				goto out;
+			}
+
+			peeled_name = xstrfmt("%s^{}", ref->name);
+			peeled = alloc_ref(peeled_name);
+
+			oidcpy(&peeled->old_oid, &peeled_oid);
+			**list = peeled;
+			*list = &peeled->next;
+
+			free(peeled_name);
 		}
+	}
 
-		if (!check_ref(name, flags))
-			continue;
-		ref = alloc_ref(buffer + 41);
-		hashcpy(ref->old_sha1, old_sha1);
-		*list = ref;
-		list = &ref->next;
-		got_at_least_one_head = 1;
+out:
+	string_list_clear(&line_sections, 0);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+struct ref **get_remote_refs(int fd_out, struct packet_reader *reader,
+			     struct ref **list, int for_push,
+			     const struct argv_array *ref_prefixes,
+			     const struct string_list *server_options)
+{
+	int i;
+	*list = NULL;
+
+	if (server_supports_v2("ls-refs", 1))
+		packet_write_fmt(fd_out, "command=ls-refs\n");
+
+	if (server_supports_v2("agent", 0))
+		packet_write_fmt(fd_out, "agent=%s", git_user_agent_sanitized());
+
+	if (server_options && server_options->nr &&
+	    server_supports_v2("server-option", 1))
+		for (i = 0; i < server_options->nr; i++)
+			packet_write_fmt(fd_out, "server-option=%s",
+					 server_options->items[i].string);
+
+	packet_delim(fd_out);
+	/* When pushing we don't want to request the peeled tags */
+	if (!for_push)
+		packet_write_fmt(fd_out, "peel\n");
+	packet_write_fmt(fd_out, "symrefs\n");
+	for (i = 0; ref_prefixes && i < ref_prefixes->argc; i++) {
+		packet_write_fmt(fd_out, "ref-prefix %s\n",
+				 ref_prefixes->argv[i]);
 	}
+	packet_flush(fd_out);
 
-	annotate_refs_with_symref_info(*orig_list);
+	/* Process response from server */
+	while (packet_reader_read(reader) == PACKET_READ_NORMAL) {
+		if (!process_ref_v2(reader->line, &list))
+			die(_("invalid ls-refs response: %s"), reader->line);
+	}
+
+	if (reader->status != PACKET_READ_FLUSH)
+		die(_("expected flush after ref listing"));
 
 	return list;
 }
@@ -220,7 +494,7 @@ int parse_feature_request(const char *feature_list, const char *feature)
 
 const char *server_feature_value(const char *feature, int *len)
 {
-	return parse_feature_value(server_capabilities, feature, len);
+	return parse_feature_value(server_capabilities_v1, feature, len);
 }
 
 int server_supports(const char *feature)
@@ -254,7 +528,7 @@ static const char *prot_name(enum protocol protocol)
 		case PROTO_GIT:
 			return "git";
 		default:
-			return "unkown protocol";
+			return "unknown protocol";
 	}
 }
 
@@ -264,13 +538,13 @@ static enum protocol get_protocol(const char *name)
 		return PROTO_SSH;
 	if (!strcmp(name, "git"))
 		return PROTO_GIT;
-	if (!strcmp(name, "git+ssh"))
+	if (!strcmp(name, "git+ssh")) /* deprecated - do not use */
 		return PROTO_SSH;
-	if (!strcmp(name, "ssh+git"))
+	if (!strcmp(name, "ssh+git")) /* deprecated - do not use */
 		return PROTO_SSH;
 	if (!strcmp(name, "file"))
 		return PROTO_FILE;
-	die("I don't handle protocol '%s'", name);
+	die(_("protocol '%s' is not supported"), name);
 }
 
 static char *host_end(char **hoststart, int removebrackets)
@@ -310,6 +584,8 @@ static void get_host_and_port(char **host, const char **port)
 		if (end != colon + 1 && *end == '\0' && 0 <= portnr && portnr < 65536) {
 			*colon = 0;
 			*port = colon + 1;
+		} else if (!colon[1]) {
+			*colon = 0;
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -319,8 +595,7 @@ static void enable_keepalive(int sockfd)
 	int ka = 1;
 
 	if (setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, &ka, sizeof(ka)) < 0)
-		fprintf(stderr, "unable to set SO_KEEPALIVE on socket: %s\n",
-			strerror(errno));
+		error_errno(_("unable to set SO_KEEPALIVE on socket"));
 }
 
 #ifndef NO_IPV6
@@ -330,7 +605,7 @@ static const char *ai_name(const struct addrinfo *ai)
 	static char addr[NI_MAXHOST];
 	if (getnameinfo(ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen, addr, sizeof(addr), NULL, 0,
 			NI_NUMERICHOST) != 0)
-		strcpy(addr, "(unknown)");
+		xsnprintf(addr, sizeof(addr), "(unknown)");
 
 	return addr;
 }
@@ -352,18 +627,23 @@ static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host, int flags)
 		port = "<none>";
 
 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
+	if (flags & CONNECT_IPV4)
+		hints.ai_family = AF_INET;
+	else if (flags & CONNECT_IPV6)
+		hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
 	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
 	hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
 
 	if (flags & CONNECT_VERBOSE)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Looking up %s ... ", host);
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Looking up %s ... "), host);
 
 	gai = getaddrinfo(host, port, &hints, &ai);
 	if (gai)
-		die("Unable to look up %s (port %s) (%s)", host, port, gai_strerror(gai));
+		die(_("unable to look up %s (port %s) (%s)"), host, port, gai_strerror(gai));
 
 	if (flags & CONNECT_VERBOSE)
-		fprintf(stderr, "done.\nConnecting to %s (port %s) ... ", host, port);
+		/* TRANSLATORS: this is the end of "Looking up %s ... " */
+		fprintf(stderr, _("done.\nConnecting to %s (port %s) ... "), host, port);
 
 	for (ai0 = ai; ai; ai = ai->ai_next, cnt++) {
 		sockfd = socket(ai->ai_family,
@@ -385,12 +665,13 @@ static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host, int flags)
 	freeaddrinfo(ai0);
 
 	if (sockfd < 0)
-		die("unable to connect to %s:\n%s", host, error_message.buf);
+		die(_("unable to connect to %s:\n%s"), host, error_message.buf);
 
 	enable_keepalive(sockfd);
 
 	if (flags & CONNECT_VERBOSE)
-		fprintf(stderr, "done.\n");
+		/* TRANSLATORS: this is the end of "Connecting to %s (port %s) ... " */
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("done."));
 
 	strbuf_release(&error_message);
 
@@ -417,22 +698,23 @@ static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host, int flags)
 	get_host_and_port(&host, &port);
 
 	if (flags & CONNECT_VERBOSE)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Looking up %s ... ", host);
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Looking up %s ... "), host);
 
 	he = gethostbyname(host);
 	if (!he)
-		die("Unable to look up %s (%s)", host, hstrerror(h_errno));
+		die(_("unable to look up %s (%s)"), host, hstrerror(h_errno));
 	nport = strtoul(port, &ep, 10);
 	if ( ep == port || *ep ) {
 		/* Not numeric */
 		struct servent *se = getservbyname(port,"tcp");
 		if ( !se )
-			die("Unknown port %s", port);
+			die(_("unknown port %s"), port);
 		nport = se->s_port;
 	}
 
 	if (flags & CONNECT_VERBOSE)
-		fprintf(stderr, "done.\nConnecting to %s (port %s) ... ", host, port);
+		/* TRANSLATORS: this is the end of "Looking up %s ... " */
+		fprintf(stderr, _("done.\nConnecting to %s (port %s) ... "), host, port);
 
 	for (cnt = 0, ap = he->h_addr_list; *ap; ap++, cnt++) {
 		memset(&sa, 0, sizeof sa);
@@ -460,12 +742,13 @@ static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host, int flags)
 	}
 
 	if (sockfd < 0)
-		die("unable to connect to %s:\n%s", host, error_message.buf);
+		die(_("unable to connect to %s:\n%s"), host, error_message.buf);
 
 	enable_keepalive(sockfd);
 
 	if (flags & CONNECT_VERBOSE)
-		fprintf(stderr, "done.\n");
+		/* TRANSLATORS: this is the end of "Connecting to %s (port %s) ... " */
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("done."));
 
 	return sockfd;
 }
@@ -473,12 +756,25 @@ static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host, int flags)
 #endif /* NO_IPV6 */
 
 
-static void git_tcp_connect(int fd[2], char *host, int flags)
+/*
+ * Dummy child_process returned by git_connect() if the transport protocol
+ * does not need fork(2).
+ */
+static struct child_process no_fork = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+int git_connection_is_socket(struct child_process *conn)
+{
+	return conn == &no_fork;
+}
+
+static struct child_process *git_tcp_connect(int fd[2], char *host, int flags)
 {
 	int sockfd = git_tcp_connect_sock(host, flags);
 
 	fd[0] = sockfd;
 	fd[1] = dup(sockfd);
+
+	return &no_fork;
 }
 
 
@@ -548,6 +844,11 @@ static struct child_process *git_proxy_connect(int fd[2], char *host)
 
 	get_host_and_port(&host, &port);
 
+	if (looks_like_command_line_option(host))
+		die(_("strange hostname '%s' blocked"), host);
+	if (looks_like_command_line_option(port))
+		die(_("strange port '%s' blocked"), port);
+
 	proxy = xmalloc(sizeof(*proxy));
 	child_process_init(proxy);
 	argv_array_push(&proxy->args, git_proxy_command);
@@ -556,7 +857,7 @@ static struct child_process *git_proxy_connect(int fd[2], char *host)
 	proxy->in = -1;
 	proxy->out = -1;
 	if (start_command(proxy))
-		die("cannot start proxy %s", git_proxy_command);
+		die(_("cannot start proxy %s"), git_proxy_command);
 	fd[0] = proxy->out; /* read from proxy stdout */
 	fd[1] = proxy->in;  /* write to proxy stdin */
 	return proxy;
@@ -623,7 +924,7 @@ static enum protocol parse_connect_url(const char *url_orig, char **ret_host,
 		path = strchr(end, separator);
 
 	if (!path || !*path)
-		die("No path specified. See 'man git-pull' for valid url syntax");
+		die(_("no path specified; see 'git help pull' for valid url syntax"));
 
 	/*
 	 * null-terminate hostname and point path to ~ for URL's like this:
@@ -647,14 +948,274 @@ static enum protocol parse_connect_url(const char *url_orig, char **ret_host,
 	return protocol;
 }
 
-static struct child_process no_fork = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+static const char *get_ssh_command(void)
+{
+	const char *ssh;
+
+	if ((ssh = getenv("GIT_SSH_COMMAND")))
+		return ssh;
+
+	if (!git_config_get_string_const("core.sshcommand", &ssh))
+		return ssh;
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+enum ssh_variant {
+	VARIANT_AUTO,
+	VARIANT_SIMPLE,
+	VARIANT_SSH,
+	VARIANT_PLINK,
+	VARIANT_PUTTY,
+	VARIANT_TORTOISEPLINK,
+};
+
+static void override_ssh_variant(enum ssh_variant *ssh_variant)
+{
+	const char *variant = getenv("GIT_SSH_VARIANT");
+
+	if (!variant && git_config_get_string_const("ssh.variant", &variant))
+		return;
+
+	if (!strcmp(variant, "auto"))
+		*ssh_variant = VARIANT_AUTO;
+	else if (!strcmp(variant, "plink"))
+		*ssh_variant = VARIANT_PLINK;
+	else if (!strcmp(variant, "putty"))
+		*ssh_variant = VARIANT_PUTTY;
+	else if (!strcmp(variant, "tortoiseplink"))
+		*ssh_variant = VARIANT_TORTOISEPLINK;
+	else if (!strcmp(variant, "simple"))
+		*ssh_variant = VARIANT_SIMPLE;
+	else
+		*ssh_variant = VARIANT_SSH;
+}
+
+static enum ssh_variant determine_ssh_variant(const char *ssh_command,
+					      int is_cmdline)
+{
+	enum ssh_variant ssh_variant = VARIANT_AUTO;
+	const char *variant;
+	char *p = NULL;
+
+	override_ssh_variant(&ssh_variant);
+
+	if (ssh_variant != VARIANT_AUTO)
+		return ssh_variant;
+
+	if (!is_cmdline) {
+		p = xstrdup(ssh_command);
+		variant = basename(p);
+	} else {
+		const char **ssh_argv;
+
+		p = xstrdup(ssh_command);
+		if (split_cmdline(p, &ssh_argv) > 0) {
+			variant = basename((char *)ssh_argv[0]);
+			/*
+			 * At this point, variant points into the buffer
+			 * referenced by p, hence we do not need ssh_argv
+			 * any longer.
+			 */
+			free(ssh_argv);
+		} else {
+			free(p);
+			return ssh_variant;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!strcasecmp(variant, "ssh") ||
+	    !strcasecmp(variant, "ssh.exe"))
+		ssh_variant = VARIANT_SSH;
+	else if (!strcasecmp(variant, "plink") ||
+		 !strcasecmp(variant, "plink.exe"))
+		ssh_variant = VARIANT_PLINK;
+	else if (!strcasecmp(variant, "tortoiseplink") ||
+		 !strcasecmp(variant, "tortoiseplink.exe"))
+		ssh_variant = VARIANT_TORTOISEPLINK;
+
+	free(p);
+	return ssh_variant;
+}
 
 /*
- * This returns a dummy child_process if the transport protocol does not
- * need fork(2), or a struct child_process object if it does.  Once done,
- * finish the connection with finish_connect() with the value returned from
- * this function (it is safe to call finish_connect() with NULL to support
- * the former case).
+ * Open a connection using Git's native protocol.
+ *
+ * The caller is responsible for freeing hostandport, but this function may
+ * modify it (for example, to truncate it to remove the port part).
+ */
+static struct child_process *git_connect_git(int fd[2], char *hostandport,
+					     const char *path, const char *prog,
+					     enum protocol_version version,
+					     int flags)
+{
+	struct child_process *conn;
+	struct strbuf request = STRBUF_INIT;
+	/*
+	 * Set up virtual host information based on where we will
+	 * connect, unless the user has overridden us in
+	 * the environment.
+	 */
+	char *target_host = getenv("GIT_OVERRIDE_VIRTUAL_HOST");
+	if (target_host)
+		target_host = xstrdup(target_host);
+	else
+		target_host = xstrdup(hostandport);
+
+	transport_check_allowed("git");
+
+	/*
+	 * These underlying connection commands die() if they
+	 * cannot connect.
+	 */
+	if (git_use_proxy(hostandport))
+		conn = git_proxy_connect(fd, hostandport);
+	else
+		conn = git_tcp_connect(fd, hostandport, flags);
+	/*
+	 * Separate original protocol components prog and path
+	 * from extended host header with a NUL byte.
+	 *
+	 * Note: Do not add any other headers here!  Doing so
+	 * will cause older git-daemon servers to crash.
+	 */
+	strbuf_addf(&request,
+		    "%s %s%chost=%s%c",
+		    prog, path, 0,
+		    target_host, 0);
+
+	/* If using a new version put that stuff here after a second null byte */
+	if (version > 0) {
+		strbuf_addch(&request, '\0');
+		strbuf_addf(&request, "version=%d%c",
+			    version, '\0');
+	}
+
+	packet_write(fd[1], request.buf, request.len);
+
+	free(target_host);
+	strbuf_release(&request);
+	return conn;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Append the appropriate environment variables to `env` and options to
+ * `args` for running ssh in Git's SSH-tunneled transport.
+ */
+static void push_ssh_options(struct argv_array *args, struct argv_array *env,
+			     enum ssh_variant variant, const char *port,
+			     enum protocol_version version, int flags)
+{
+	if (variant == VARIANT_SSH &&
+	    version > 0) {
+		argv_array_push(args, "-o");
+		argv_array_push(args, "SendEnv=" GIT_PROTOCOL_ENVIRONMENT);
+		argv_array_pushf(env, GIT_PROTOCOL_ENVIRONMENT "=version=%d",
+				 version);
+	}
+
+	if (flags & CONNECT_IPV4) {
+		switch (variant) {
+		case VARIANT_AUTO:
+			BUG("VARIANT_AUTO passed to push_ssh_options");
+		case VARIANT_SIMPLE:
+			die(_("ssh variant 'simple' does not support -4"));
+		case VARIANT_SSH:
+		case VARIANT_PLINK:
+		case VARIANT_PUTTY:
+		case VARIANT_TORTOISEPLINK:
+			argv_array_push(args, "-4");
+		}
+	} else if (flags & CONNECT_IPV6) {
+		switch (variant) {
+		case VARIANT_AUTO:
+			BUG("VARIANT_AUTO passed to push_ssh_options");
+		case VARIANT_SIMPLE:
+			die(_("ssh variant 'simple' does not support -6"));
+		case VARIANT_SSH:
+		case VARIANT_PLINK:
+		case VARIANT_PUTTY:
+		case VARIANT_TORTOISEPLINK:
+			argv_array_push(args, "-6");
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (variant == VARIANT_TORTOISEPLINK)
+		argv_array_push(args, "-batch");
+
+	if (port) {
+		switch (variant) {
+		case VARIANT_AUTO:
+			BUG("VARIANT_AUTO passed to push_ssh_options");
+		case VARIANT_SIMPLE:
+			die(_("ssh variant 'simple' does not support setting port"));
+		case VARIANT_SSH:
+			argv_array_push(args, "-p");
+			break;
+		case VARIANT_PLINK:
+		case VARIANT_PUTTY:
+		case VARIANT_TORTOISEPLINK:
+			argv_array_push(args, "-P");
+		}
+
+		argv_array_push(args, port);
+	}
+}
+
+/* Prepare a child_process for use by Git's SSH-tunneled transport. */
+static void fill_ssh_args(struct child_process *conn, const char *ssh_host,
+			  const char *port, enum protocol_version version,
+			  int flags)
+{
+	const char *ssh;
+	enum ssh_variant variant;
+
+	if (looks_like_command_line_option(ssh_host))
+		die(_("strange hostname '%s' blocked"), ssh_host);
+
+	ssh = get_ssh_command();
+	if (ssh) {
+		variant = determine_ssh_variant(ssh, 1);
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * GIT_SSH is the no-shell version of
+		 * GIT_SSH_COMMAND (and must remain so for
+		 * historical compatibility).
+		 */
+		conn->use_shell = 0;
+
+		ssh = getenv("GIT_SSH");
+		if (!ssh)
+			ssh = "ssh";
+		variant = determine_ssh_variant(ssh, 0);
+	}
+
+	if (variant == VARIANT_AUTO) {
+		struct child_process detect = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+		detect.use_shell = conn->use_shell;
+		detect.no_stdin = detect.no_stdout = detect.no_stderr = 1;
+
+		argv_array_push(&detect.args, ssh);
+		argv_array_push(&detect.args, "-G");
+		push_ssh_options(&detect.args, &detect.env_array,
+				 VARIANT_SSH, port, version, flags);
+		argv_array_push(&detect.args, ssh_host);
+
+		variant = run_command(&detect) ? VARIANT_SIMPLE : VARIANT_SSH;
+	}
+
+	argv_array_push(&conn->args, ssh);
+	push_ssh_options(&conn->args, &conn->env_array, variant, port, version, flags);
+	argv_array_push(&conn->args, ssh_host);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This returns the dummy child_process `no_fork` if the transport protocol
+ * does not need fork(2), or a struct child_process object if it does.  Once
+ * done, finish the connection with finish_connect() with the value returned
+ * from this function (it is safe to call finish_connect() with NULL to
+ * support the former case).
  *
  * If it returns, the connect is successful; it just dies on errors (this
  * will hopefully be changed in a libification effort, to return NULL when
@@ -664,9 +1225,17 @@ struct child_process *git_connect(int fd[2], const char *url,
 				  const char *prog, int flags)
 {
 	char *hostandport, *path;
-	struct child_process *conn = &no_fork;
+	struct child_process *conn;
 	enum protocol protocol;
-	struct strbuf cmd = STRBUF_INIT;
+	enum protocol_version version = get_protocol_version_config();
+
+	/*
+	 * NEEDSWORK: If we are trying to use protocol v2 and we are planning
+	 * to perform a push, then fallback to v0 since the client doesn't know
+	 * how to push yet using v2.
+	 */
+	if (version == protocol_v2 && !strcmp("git-receive-pack", prog))
+		version = protocol_v0;
 
 	/* Without this we cannot rely on waitpid() to tell
 	 * what happened to our children.
@@ -681,50 +1250,31 @@ struct child_process *git_connect(int fd[2], const char *url,
 		printf("Diag: path=%s\n", path ? path : "NULL");
 		conn = NULL;
 	} else if (protocol == PROTO_GIT) {
-		/*
-		 * Set up virtual host information based on where we will
-		 * connect, unless the user has overridden us in
-		 * the environment.
-		 */
-		char *target_host = getenv("GIT_OVERRIDE_VIRTUAL_HOST");
-		if (target_host)
-			target_host = xstrdup(target_host);
-		else
-			target_host = xstrdup(hostandport);
-
-		/* These underlying connection commands die() if they
-		 * cannot connect.
-		 */
-		if (git_use_proxy(hostandport))
-			conn = git_proxy_connect(fd, hostandport);
-		else
-			git_tcp_connect(fd, hostandport, flags);
-		/*
-		 * Separate original protocol components prog and path
-		 * from extended host header with a NUL byte.
-		 *
-		 * Note: Do not add any other headers here!  Doing so
-		 * will cause older git-daemon servers to crash.
-		 */
-		packet_write(fd[1],
-			     "%s %s%chost=%s%c",
-			     prog, path, 0,
-			     target_host, 0);
-		free(target_host);
+		conn = git_connect_git(fd, hostandport, path, prog, version, flags);
 	} else {
+		struct strbuf cmd = STRBUF_INIT;
+		const char *const *var;
+
 		conn = xmalloc(sizeof(*conn));
 		child_process_init(conn);
 
+		if (looks_like_command_line_option(path))
+			die(_("strange pathname '%s' blocked"), path);
+
 		strbuf_addstr(&cmd, prog);
 		strbuf_addch(&cmd, ' ');
 		sq_quote_buf(&cmd, path);
 
+		/* remove repo-local variables from the environment */
+		for (var = local_repo_env; *var; var++)
+			argv_array_push(&conn->env_array, *var);
+
+		conn->use_shell = 1;
 		conn->in = conn->out = -1;
 		if (protocol == PROTO_SSH) {
-			const char *ssh;
-			int putty;
 			char *ssh_host = hostandport;
 			const char *port = NULL;
+			transport_check_allowed("ssh");
 			get_host_and_port(&ssh_host, &port);
 
 			if (!port)
@@ -739,38 +1289,22 @@ struct child_process *git_connect(int fd[2], const char *url,
 
 				free(hostandport);
 				free(path);
+				free(conn);
+				strbuf_release(&cmd);
 				return NULL;
-			} else {
-				ssh = getenv("GIT_SSH_COMMAND");
-				if (ssh) {
-					conn->use_shell = 1;
-					putty = 0;
-				} else {
-					ssh = getenv("GIT_SSH");
-					if (!ssh)
-						ssh = "ssh";
-					putty = !!strcasestr(ssh, "plink");
-				}
-
-				argv_array_push(&conn->args, ssh);
-				if (putty && !strcasestr(ssh, "tortoiseplink"))
-					argv_array_push(&conn->args, "-batch");
-				if (port) {
-					/* P is for PuTTY, p is for OpenSSH */
-					argv_array_push(&conn->args, putty ? "-P" : "-p");
-					argv_array_push(&conn->args, port);
-				}
-				argv_array_push(&conn->args, ssh_host);
 			}
+			fill_ssh_args(conn, ssh_host, port, version, flags);
 		} else {
-			/* remove repo-local variables from the environment */
-			conn->env = local_repo_env;
-			conn->use_shell = 1;
+			transport_check_allowed("file");
+			if (version > 0) {
+				argv_array_pushf(&conn->env_array, GIT_PROTOCOL_ENVIRONMENT "=version=%d",
+						 version);
+			}
 		}
 		argv_array_push(&conn->args, cmd.buf);
 
 		if (start_command(conn))
-			die("unable to fork");
+			die(_("unable to fork"));
 
 		fd[0] = conn->out; /* read from child's stdout */
 		fd[1] = conn->in;  /* write to child's stdin */
@@ -781,11 +1315,6 @@ struct child_process *git_connect(int fd[2], const char *url,
 	return conn;
 }
 
-int git_connection_is_socket(struct child_process *conn)
-{
-	return conn == &no_fork;
-}
-
 int finish_connect(struct child_process *conn)
 {
 	int code;
diff --git a/connect.h b/connect.h
index c41a6850f1..32aff60979 100644
--- a/connect.h
+++ b/connect.h
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 #ifndef CONNECT_H
 #define CONNECT_H
 
+#include "protocol.h"
+
 #define CONNECT_VERBOSE       (1u << 0)
 #define CONNECT_DIAG_URL      (1u << 1)
+#define CONNECT_IPV4          (1u << 2)
+#define CONNECT_IPV6          (1u << 3)
 extern struct child_process *git_connect(int fd[2], const char *url, const char *prog, int flags);
 extern int finish_connect(struct child_process *conn);
 extern int git_connection_is_socket(struct child_process *conn);
@@ -11,4 +15,11 @@ extern int parse_feature_request(const char *features, const char *feature);
 extern const char *server_feature_value(const char *feature, int *len_ret);
 extern int url_is_local_not_ssh(const char *url);
 
+struct packet_reader;
+extern enum protocol_version discover_version(struct packet_reader *reader);
+
+extern int server_supports_v2(const char *c, int die_on_error);
+extern int server_supports_feature(const char *c, const char *feature,
+				   int die_on_error);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/connected.c b/connected.c
index 299c56090b..1bba888eff 100644
--- a/connected.c
+++ b/connected.c
@@ -3,11 +3,8 @@
 #include "sigchain.h"
 #include "connected.h"
 #include "transport.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
 
-int check_everything_connected(sha1_iterate_fn fn, int quiet, void *cb_data)
-{
-	return check_everything_connected_with_transport(fn, quiet, cb_data, NULL);
-}
 /*
  * If we feed all the commits we want to verify to this command
  *
@@ -19,22 +16,27 @@ int check_everything_connected(sha1_iterate_fn fn, int quiet, void *cb_data)
  *
  * Returns 0 if everything is connected, non-zero otherwise.
  */
-static int check_everything_connected_real(sha1_iterate_fn fn,
-					   int quiet,
-					   void *cb_data,
-					   struct transport *transport,
-					   const char *shallow_file)
+int check_connected(oid_iterate_fn fn, void *cb_data,
+		    struct check_connected_options *opt)
 {
 	struct child_process rev_list = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-	const char *argv[9];
-	char commit[41];
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int err = 0, ac = 0;
+	struct check_connected_options defaults = CHECK_CONNECTED_INIT;
+	char commit[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
+	struct object_id oid;
+	int err = 0;
 	struct packed_git *new_pack = NULL;
+	struct transport *transport;
 	size_t base_len;
 
-	if (fn(cb_data, sha1))
+	if (!opt)
+		opt = &defaults;
+	transport = opt->transport;
+
+	if (fn(cb_data, &oid)) {
+		if (opt->err_fd)
+			close(opt->err_fd);
 		return err;
+	}
 
 	if (transport && transport->smart_options &&
 	    transport->smart_options->self_contained_and_connected &&
@@ -47,30 +49,39 @@ static int check_everything_connected_real(sha1_iterate_fn fn,
 		strbuf_release(&idx_file);
 	}
 
-	if (shallow_file) {
-		argv[ac++] = "--shallow-file";
-		argv[ac++] = shallow_file;
+	if (opt->shallow_file) {
+		argv_array_push(&rev_list.args, "--shallow-file");
+		argv_array_push(&rev_list.args, opt->shallow_file);
 	}
-	argv[ac++] = "rev-list";
-	argv[ac++] = "--objects";
-	argv[ac++] = "--stdin";
-	argv[ac++] = "--not";
-	argv[ac++] = "--all";
-	if (quiet)
-		argv[ac++] = "--quiet";
-	argv[ac] = NULL;
+	argv_array_push(&rev_list.args,"rev-list");
+	argv_array_push(&rev_list.args, "--objects");
+	argv_array_push(&rev_list.args, "--stdin");
+	if (repository_format_partial_clone)
+		argv_array_push(&rev_list.args, "--exclude-promisor-objects");
+	if (!opt->is_deepening_fetch) {
+		argv_array_push(&rev_list.args, "--not");
+		argv_array_push(&rev_list.args, "--all");
+	}
+	argv_array_push(&rev_list.args, "--quiet");
+	if (opt->progress)
+		argv_array_pushf(&rev_list.args, "--progress=%s",
+				 _("Checking connectivity"));
 
-	rev_list.argv = argv;
 	rev_list.git_cmd = 1;
+	rev_list.env = opt->env;
 	rev_list.in = -1;
 	rev_list.no_stdout = 1;
-	rev_list.no_stderr = quiet;
+	if (opt->err_fd)
+		rev_list.err = opt->err_fd;
+	else
+		rev_list.no_stderr = opt->quiet;
+
 	if (start_command(&rev_list))
 		return error(_("Could not run 'git rev-list'"));
 
 	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
 
-	commit[40] = '\n';
+	commit[GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ] = '\n';
 	do {
 		/*
 		 * If index-pack already checked that:
@@ -80,40 +91,21 @@ static int check_everything_connected_real(sha1_iterate_fn fn,
 		 * are sure the ref is good and not sending it to
 		 * rev-list for verification.
 		 */
-		if (new_pack && find_pack_entry_one(sha1, new_pack))
+		if (new_pack && find_pack_entry_one(oid.hash, new_pack))
 			continue;
 
-		memcpy(commit, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
-		if (write_in_full(rev_list.in, commit, 41) < 0) {
+		memcpy(commit, oid_to_hex(&oid), GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ);
+		if (write_in_full(rev_list.in, commit, GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1) < 0) {
 			if (errno != EPIPE && errno != EINVAL)
-				error(_("failed write to rev-list: %s"),
-				      strerror(errno));
+				error_errno(_("failed write to rev-list"));
 			err = -1;
 			break;
 		}
-	} while (!fn(cb_data, sha1));
+	} while (!fn(cb_data, &oid));
 
-	if (close(rev_list.in)) {
-		error(_("failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"), strerror(errno));
-		err = -1;
-	}
+	if (close(rev_list.in))
+		err = error_errno(_("failed to close rev-list's stdin"));
 
 	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
 	return finish_command(&rev_list) || err;
 }
-
-int check_everything_connected_with_transport(sha1_iterate_fn fn,
-					      int quiet,
-					      void *cb_data,
-					      struct transport *transport)
-{
-	return check_everything_connected_real(fn, quiet, cb_data,
-					       transport, NULL);
-}
-
-int check_shallow_connected(sha1_iterate_fn fn, int quiet, void *cb_data,
-			    const char *shallow_file)
-{
-	return check_everything_connected_real(fn, quiet, cb_data,
-					       NULL, shallow_file);
-}
diff --git a/connected.h b/connected.h
index 071d408f38..e4c961817d 100644
--- a/connected.h
+++ b/connected.h
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef CONNECTED_H
 #define CONNECTED_H
 
+struct object_id;
 struct transport;
 
 /*
@@ -8,7 +9,46 @@ struct transport;
  * When called after returning the name for the last object, return -1
  * to signal EOF, otherwise return 0.
  */
-typedef int (*sha1_iterate_fn)(void *, unsigned char [20]);
+typedef int (*oid_iterate_fn)(void *, struct object_id *oid);
+
+/*
+ * Named-arguments struct for check_connected. All arguments are
+ * optional, and can be left to defaults as set by CHECK_CONNECTED_INIT.
+ */
+struct check_connected_options {
+	/* Avoid printing any errors to stderr. */
+	int quiet;
+
+	/* --shallow-file to pass to rev-list sub-process */
+	const char *shallow_file;
+
+	/* Transport whose objects we are checking, if available. */
+	struct transport *transport;
+
+	/*
+	 * If non-zero, send error messages to this descriptor rather
+	 * than stderr. The descriptor is closed before check_connected
+	 * returns.
+	 */
+	int err_fd;
+
+	/* If non-zero, show progress as we traverse the objects. */
+	int progress;
+
+	/*
+	 * Insert these variables into the environment of the child process.
+	 */
+	const char **env;
+
+	/*
+	 * If non-zero, check the ancestry chain completely, not stopping at
+	 * any existing ref. This is necessary when deepening existing refs
+	 * during a fetch.
+	 */
+	unsigned is_deepening_fetch : 1;
+};
+
+#define CHECK_CONNECTED_INIT { 0 }
 
 /*
  * Make sure that our object store has all the commits necessary to
@@ -16,12 +56,10 @@ typedef int (*sha1_iterate_fn)(void *, unsigned char [20]);
  * the trees and blobs that these commits use.
  *
  * Return 0 if Ok, non zero otherwise (i.e. some missing objects)
+ *
+ * If "opt" is NULL, behaves as if CHECK_CONNECTED_INIT was passed.
  */
-extern int check_everything_connected(sha1_iterate_fn, int quiet, void *cb_data);
-extern int check_shallow_connected(sha1_iterate_fn, int quiet, void *cb_data,
-				   const char *shallow_file);
-extern int check_everything_connected_with_transport(sha1_iterate_fn, int quiet,
-						     void *cb_data,
-						     struct transport *transport);
+int check_connected(oid_iterate_fn fn, void *cb_data,
+		    struct check_connected_options *opt);
 
 #endif /* CONNECTED_H */
diff --git a/contrib/coccinelle/.gitignore b/contrib/coccinelle/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d3f29646dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/coccinelle/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*.patch*
diff --git a/contrib/coccinelle/README b/contrib/coccinelle/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9c2f8879c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/coccinelle/README
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+This directory provides examples of Coccinelle (http://coccinelle.lip6.fr/)
+semantic patches that might be useful to developers.
diff --git a/contrib/coccinelle/array.cocci b/contrib/coccinelle/array.cocci
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..01586821dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/coccinelle/array.cocci
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+@@
+type T;
+T *dst;
+T *src;
+expression n;
+@@
+- memcpy(dst, src, (n) * sizeof(*dst));
++ COPY_ARRAY(dst, src, n);
+
+@@
+type T;
+T *dst;
+T *src;
+expression n;
+@@
+- memcpy(dst, src, (n) * sizeof(*src));
++ COPY_ARRAY(dst, src, n);
+
+@@
+type T;
+T *dst;
+T *src;
+expression n;
+@@
+- memcpy(dst, src, (n) * sizeof(T));
++ COPY_ARRAY(dst, src, n);
+
+@@
+type T;
+T *dst;
+T *src;
+expression n;
+@@
+(
+- memmove(dst, src, (n) * sizeof(*dst));
++ MOVE_ARRAY(dst, src, n);
+|
+- memmove(dst, src, (n) * sizeof(*src));
++ MOVE_ARRAY(dst, src, n);
+|
+- memmove(dst, src, (n) * sizeof(T));
++ MOVE_ARRAY(dst, src, n);
+)
+
+@@
+type T;
+T *ptr;
+expression n;
+@@
+- ptr = xmalloc((n) * sizeof(*ptr));
++ ALLOC_ARRAY(ptr, n);
+
+@@
+type T;
+T *ptr;
+expression n;
+@@
+- ptr = xmalloc((n) * sizeof(T));
++ ALLOC_ARRAY(ptr, n);
diff --git a/contrib/coccinelle/commit.cocci b/contrib/coccinelle/commit.cocci
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aec3345adb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/coccinelle/commit.cocci
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+@@
+expression c;
+@@
+- &c->maybe_tree->object.oid
++ get_commit_tree_oid(c)
+
+@@
+expression c;
+@@
+- c->maybe_tree->object.oid.hash
++ get_commit_tree_oid(c)->hash
+
+// These excluded functions must access c->maybe_tree direcly.
+@@
+identifier f !~ "^(get_commit_tree|get_commit_tree_in_graph_one|load_tree_for_commit)$";
+expression c;
+@@
+  f(...) {...
+- c->maybe_tree
++ get_commit_tree(c)
+  ...}
+
+@@
+expression c;
+expression s;
+@@
+- get_commit_tree(c) = s
++ c->maybe_tree = s
diff --git a/contrib/coccinelle/free.cocci b/contrib/coccinelle/free.cocci
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4490069df9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/coccinelle/free.cocci
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+@@
+expression E;
+@@
+- if (E)
+  free(E);
+
+@@
+expression E;
+@@
+- if (!E)
+  free(E);
+
+@@
+expression E;
+@@
+- free(E);
++ FREE_AND_NULL(E);
+- E = NULL;
diff --git a/contrib/coccinelle/object_id.cocci b/contrib/coccinelle/object_id.cocci
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..09afdbf994
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/coccinelle/object_id.cocci
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+@@
+expression E1;
+@@
+- is_null_sha1(E1.hash)
++ is_null_oid(&E1)
+
+@@
+expression E1;
+@@
+- is_null_sha1(E1->hash)
++ is_null_oid(E1)
+
+@@
+expression E1;
+@@
+- sha1_to_hex(E1.hash)
++ oid_to_hex(&E1)
+
+@@
+identifier f != oid_to_hex;
+expression E1;
+@@
+  f(...) {...
+- sha1_to_hex(E1->hash)
++ oid_to_hex(E1)
+  ...}
+
+@@
+expression E1, E2;
+@@
+- sha1_to_hex_r(E1, E2.hash)
++ oid_to_hex_r(E1, &E2)
+
+@@
+identifier f != oid_to_hex_r;
+expression E1, E2;
+@@
+   f(...) {...
+- sha1_to_hex_r(E1, E2->hash)
++ oid_to_hex_r(E1, E2)
+  ...}
+
+@@
+expression E1;
+@@
+- hashclr(E1.hash)
++ oidclr(&E1)
+
+@@
+identifier f != oidclr;
+expression E1;
+@@
+  f(...) {...
+- hashclr(E1->hash)
++ oidclr(E1)
+  ...}
+
+@@
+expression E1, E2;
+@@
+- hashcmp(E1.hash, E2.hash)
++ oidcmp(&E1, &E2)
+
+@@
+identifier f != oidcmp;
+expression E1, E2;
+@@
+  f(...) {...
+- hashcmp(E1->hash, E2->hash)
++ oidcmp(E1, E2)
+  ...}
+
+@@
+expression E1, E2;
+@@
+- hashcmp(E1->hash, E2.hash)
++ oidcmp(E1, &E2)
+
+@@
+expression E1, E2;
+@@
+- hashcmp(E1.hash, E2->hash)
++ oidcmp(&E1, E2)
+
+@@
+expression E1, E2;
+@@
+- hashcpy(E1.hash, E2.hash)
++ oidcpy(&E1, &E2)
+
+@@
+identifier f != oidcpy;
+expression E1, E2;
+@@
+  f(...) {...
+- hashcpy(E1->hash, E2->hash)
++ oidcpy(E1, E2)
+  ...}
+
+@@
+expression E1, E2;
+@@
+- hashcpy(E1->hash, E2.hash)
++ oidcpy(E1, &E2)
+
+@@
+expression E1, E2;
+@@
+- hashcpy(E1.hash, E2->hash)
++ oidcpy(&E1, E2)
diff --git a/contrib/coccinelle/qsort.cocci b/contrib/coccinelle/qsort.cocci
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..22b93a9966
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/coccinelle/qsort.cocci
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+@@
+expression base, nmemb, compar;
+@@
+- qsort(base, nmemb, sizeof(*base), compar);
++ QSORT(base, nmemb, compar);
+
+@@
+expression base, nmemb, compar;
+@@
+- qsort(base, nmemb, sizeof(base[0]), compar);
++ QSORT(base, nmemb, compar);
+
+@@
+type T;
+T *base;
+expression nmemb, compar;
+@@
+- qsort(base, nmemb, sizeof(T), compar);
++ QSORT(base, nmemb, compar);
+
+@@
+expression base, nmemb, compar;
+@@
+- if (nmemb)
+    QSORT(base, nmemb, compar);
+
+@@
+expression base, nmemb, compar;
+@@
+- if (nmemb > 0)
+    QSORT(base, nmemb, compar);
+
+@@
+expression base, nmemb, compar;
+@@
+- if (nmemb > 1)
+    QSORT(base, nmemb, compar);
diff --git a/contrib/coccinelle/strbuf.cocci b/contrib/coccinelle/strbuf.cocci
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e34eada1ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/coccinelle/strbuf.cocci
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+@ strbuf_addf_with_format_only @
+expression E;
+constant fmt !~ "%";
+@@
+- strbuf_addf
++ strbuf_addstr
+  (E,
+(
+  fmt
+|
+  _(fmt)
+)
+  );
+
+@@
+expression E1, E2;
+format F =~ "s";
+@@
+- strbuf_addf(E1, "%@F@", E2);
++ strbuf_addstr(E1, E2);
+
+@@
+expression E1, E2, E3;
+@@
+- strbuf_addstr(E1, find_unique_abbrev(E2, E3));
++ strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(E1, E2, E3);
+
+@@
+expression E1, E2;
+@@
+- strbuf_addstr(E1, real_path(E2));
++ strbuf_add_real_path(E1, E2);
diff --git a/contrib/coccinelle/swap.cocci b/contrib/coccinelle/swap.cocci
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a0934d1fda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/coccinelle/swap.cocci
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+@ swap_with_declaration @
+type T;
+identifier tmp;
+T a, b;
+@@
+- T tmp = a;
++ T tmp;
++ tmp = a;
+  a = b;
+  b = tmp;
+
+@ swap @
+type T;
+T tmp, a, b;
+@@
+- tmp = a;
+- a = b;
+- b = tmp;
++ SWAP(a, b);
+
+@ extends swap @
+identifier unused;
+@@
+  {
+  ...
+- T unused;
+  ... when != unused
+  }
diff --git a/contrib/coccinelle/xstrdup_or_null.cocci b/contrib/coccinelle/xstrdup_or_null.cocci
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8e05d1ca4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/coccinelle/xstrdup_or_null.cocci
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+@@
+expression E;
+expression V;
+@@
+- if (E)
+-    V = xstrdup(E);
++ V = xstrdup_or_null(E);
+
+@@
+expression E;
+@@
+- xstrdup(absolute_path(E))
++ absolute_pathdup(E)
diff --git a/contrib/completion/.gitattributes b/contrib/completion/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..19116944c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/completion/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*.bash eol=lf
diff --git a/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash b/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
index 731c28998f..d63d2dffd4 100644
--- a/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
+++ b/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #    *) local and remote tag names
 #    *) .git/remotes file names
 #    *) git 'subcommands'
+#    *) git email aliases for git-send-email
 #    *) tree paths within 'ref:path/to/file' expressions
 #    *) file paths within current working directory and index
 #    *) common --long-options
@@ -27,27 +28,57 @@
 # completion style.  For example '!f() { : git commit ; ... }; f' will
 # tell the completion to use commit completion.  This also works with aliases
 # of form "!sh -c '...'".  For example, "!sh -c ': git commit ; ... '".
+#
+# Compatible with bash 3.2.57.
+#
+# You can set the following environment variables to influence the behavior of
+# the completion routines:
+#
+#   GIT_COMPLETION_CHECKOUT_NO_GUESS
+#
+#     When set to "1", do not include "DWIM" suggestions in git-checkout
+#     completion (e.g., completing "foo" when "origin/foo" exists).
 
 case "$COMP_WORDBREAKS" in
 *:*) : great ;;
 *)   COMP_WORDBREAKS="$COMP_WORDBREAKS:"
 esac
 
+# Discovers the path to the git repository taking any '--git-dir=<path>' and
+# '-C <path>' options into account and stores it in the $__git_repo_path
+# variable.
+__git_find_repo_path ()
+{
+	if [ -n "$__git_repo_path" ]; then
+		# we already know where it is
+		return
+	fi
+
+	if [ -n "${__git_C_args-}" ]; then
+		__git_repo_path="$(git "${__git_C_args[@]}" \
+			${__git_dir:+--git-dir="$__git_dir"} \
+			rev-parse --absolute-git-dir 2>/dev/null)"
+	elif [ -n "${__git_dir-}" ]; then
+		test -d "$__git_dir" &&
+		__git_repo_path="$__git_dir"
+	elif [ -n "${GIT_DIR-}" ]; then
+		test -d "${GIT_DIR-}" &&
+		__git_repo_path="$GIT_DIR"
+	elif [ -d .git ]; then
+		__git_repo_path=.git
+	else
+		__git_repo_path="$(git rev-parse --git-dir 2>/dev/null)"
+	fi
+}
+
+# Deprecated: use __git_find_repo_path() and $__git_repo_path instead
 # __gitdir accepts 0 or 1 arguments (i.e., location)
 # returns location of .git repo
 __gitdir ()
 {
 	if [ -z "${1-}" ]; then
-		if [ -n "${__git_dir-}" ]; then
-			echo "$__git_dir"
-		elif [ -n "${GIT_DIR-}" ]; then
-			test -d "${GIT_DIR-}" || return 1
-			echo "$GIT_DIR"
-		elif [ -d .git ]; then
-			echo .git
-		else
-			git rev-parse --git-dir 2>/dev/null
-		fi
+		__git_find_repo_path || return 1
+		echo "$__git_repo_path"
 	elif [ -d "$1/.git" ]; then
 		echo "$1/.git"
 	else
@@ -55,6 +86,78 @@ __gitdir ()
 	fi
 }
 
+# Runs git with all the options given as argument, respecting any
+# '--git-dir=<path>' and '-C <path>' options present on the command line
+__git ()
+{
+	git ${__git_C_args:+"${__git_C_args[@]}"} \
+		${__git_dir:+--git-dir="$__git_dir"} "$@" 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+# Removes backslash escaping, single quotes and double quotes from a word,
+# stores the result in the variable $dequoted_word.
+# 1: The word to dequote.
+__git_dequote ()
+{
+	local rest="$1" len ch
+
+	dequoted_word=""
+
+	while test -n "$rest"; do
+		len=${#dequoted_word}
+		dequoted_word="$dequoted_word${rest%%[\\\'\"]*}"
+		rest="${rest:$((${#dequoted_word}-$len))}"
+
+		case "${rest:0:1}" in
+		\\)
+			ch="${rest:1:1}"
+			case "$ch" in
+			$'\n')
+				;;
+			*)
+				dequoted_word="$dequoted_word$ch"
+				;;
+			esac
+			rest="${rest:2}"
+			;;
+		\')
+			rest="${rest:1}"
+			len=${#dequoted_word}
+			dequoted_word="$dequoted_word${rest%%\'*}"
+			rest="${rest:$((${#dequoted_word}-$len+1))}"
+			;;
+		\")
+			rest="${rest:1}"
+			while test -n "$rest" ; do
+				len=${#dequoted_word}
+				dequoted_word="$dequoted_word${rest%%[\\\"]*}"
+				rest="${rest:$((${#dequoted_word}-$len))}"
+				case "${rest:0:1}" in
+				\\)
+					ch="${rest:1:1}"
+					case "$ch" in
+					\"|\\|\$|\`)
+						dequoted_word="$dequoted_word$ch"
+						;;
+					$'\n')
+						;;
+					*)
+						dequoted_word="$dequoted_word\\$ch"
+						;;
+					esac
+					rest="${rest:2}"
+					;;
+				\")
+					rest="${rest:1}"
+					break
+					;;
+				esac
+			done
+			;;
+		esac
+	done
+}
+
 # The following function is based on code from:
 #
 #   bash_completion - programmable completion functions for bash 3.2+
@@ -74,8 +177,7 @@ __gitdir ()
 #   GNU General Public License for more details.
 #
 #   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-#   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
-#   Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
+#   along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
 #   The latest version of this software can be obtained here:
 #
@@ -184,9 +286,23 @@ _get_comp_words_by_ref ()
 }
 fi
 
+# Fills the COMPREPLY array with prefiltered words without any additional
+# processing.
+# Callers must take care of providing only words that match the current word
+# to be completed and adding any prefix and/or suffix (trailing space!), if
+# necessary.
+# 1: List of newline-separated matching completion words, complete with
+#    prefix and suffix.
+__gitcomp_direct ()
+{
+	local IFS=$'\n'
+
+	COMPREPLY=($1)
+}
+
 __gitcompappend ()
 {
-	local i=${#COMPREPLY[@]}
+	local x i=${#COMPREPLY[@]}
 	for x in $1; do
 		if [[ "$x" == "$3"* ]]; then
 			COMPREPLY[i++]="$2$x$4"
@@ -214,9 +330,32 @@ __gitcomp ()
 	case "$cur_" in
 	--*=)
 		;;
+	--no-*)
+		local c i=0 IFS=$' \t\n'
+		for c in $1; do
+			if [[ $c == "--" ]]; then
+				continue
+			fi
+			c="$c${4-}"
+			if [[ $c == "$cur_"* ]]; then
+				case $c in
+				--*=*|*.) ;;
+				*) c="$c " ;;
+				esac
+				COMPREPLY[i++]="${2-}$c"
+			fi
+		done
+		;;
 	*)
 		local c i=0 IFS=$' \t\n'
 		for c in $1; do
+			if [[ $c == "--" ]]; then
+				c="--no-...${4-}"
+				if [[ $c == "$cur_"* ]]; then
+					COMPREPLY[i++]="${2-}$c "
+				fi
+				break
+			fi
 			c="$c${4-}"
 			if [[ $c == "$cur_"* ]]; then
 				case $c in
@@ -230,6 +369,47 @@ __gitcomp ()
 	esac
 }
 
+# Clear the variables caching builtins' options when (re-)sourcing
+# the completion script.
+if [[ -n ${ZSH_VERSION-} ]]; then
+	unset $(set |sed -ne 's/^\(__gitcomp_builtin_[a-zA-Z0-9_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*\)=.*/\1/p') 2>/dev/null
+else
+	unset $(compgen -v __gitcomp_builtin_)
+fi
+
+# This function is equivalent to
+#
+#    __gitcomp "$(git xxx --git-completion-helper) ..."
+#
+# except that the output is cached. Accept 1-3 arguments:
+# 1: the git command to execute, this is also the cache key
+# 2: extra options to be added on top (e.g. negative forms)
+# 3: options to be excluded
+__gitcomp_builtin ()
+{
+	# spaces must be replaced with underscore for multi-word
+	# commands, e.g. "git remote add" becomes remote_add.
+	local cmd="$1"
+	local incl="$2"
+	local excl="$3"
+
+	local var=__gitcomp_builtin_"${cmd/-/_}"
+	local options
+	eval "options=\$$var"
+
+	if [ -z "$options" ]; then
+		# leading and trailing spaces are significant to make
+		# option removal work correctly.
+		options=" $(__git ${cmd/_/ } --git-completion-helper) $incl "
+		for i in $excl; do
+			options="${options/ $i / }"
+		done
+		eval "$var=\"$options\""
+	fi
+
+	__gitcomp "$options"
+}
+
 # Variation of __gitcomp_nl () that appends to the existing list of
 # completion candidates, COMPREPLY.
 __gitcomp_nl_append ()
@@ -253,6 +433,24 @@ __gitcomp_nl ()
 	__gitcomp_nl_append "$@"
 }
 
+# Fills the COMPREPLY array with prefiltered paths without any additional
+# processing.
+# Callers must take care of providing only paths that match the current path
+# to be completed and adding any prefix path components, if necessary.
+# 1: List of newline-separated matching paths, complete with all prefix
+#    path componens.
+__gitcomp_file_direct ()
+{
+	local IFS=$'\n'
+
+	COMPREPLY=($1)
+
+	# use a hack to enable file mode in bash < 4
+	compopt -o filenames +o nospace 2>/dev/null ||
+	compgen -f /non-existing-dir/ >/dev/null ||
+	true
+}
+
 # Generates completion reply with compgen from newline-separated possible
 # completion filenames.
 # It accepts 1 to 3 arguments:
@@ -272,7 +470,8 @@ __gitcomp_file ()
 
 	# use a hack to enable file mode in bash < 4
 	compopt -o filenames +o nospace 2>/dev/null ||
-	compgen -f /non-existing-dir/ > /dev/null
+	compgen -f /non-existing-dir/ >/dev/null ||
+	true
 }
 
 # Execute 'git ls-files', unless the --committable option is specified, in
@@ -282,11 +481,13 @@ __gitcomp_file ()
 __git_ls_files_helper ()
 {
 	if [ "$2" == "--committable" ]; then
-		git -C "$1" diff-index --name-only --relative HEAD
+		__git -C "$1" -c core.quotePath=false diff-index \
+			--name-only --relative HEAD -- "${3//\\/\\\\}*"
 	else
 		# NOTE: $2 is not quoted in order to support multiple options
-		git -C "$1" ls-files --exclude-standard $2
-	fi 2>/dev/null
+		__git -C "$1" -c core.quotePath=false ls-files \
+			--exclude-standard $2 -- "${3//\\/\\\\}*"
+	fi
 }
 
 
@@ -296,101 +497,283 @@ __git_ls_files_helper ()
 #    If provided, only files within the specified directory are listed.
 #    Sub directories are never recursed.  Path must have a trailing
 #    slash.
+# 3: List only paths matching this path component (optional).
 __git_index_files ()
 {
-	local dir="$(__gitdir)" root="${2-.}" file
+	local root="$2" match="$3"
 
-	if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
-		__git_ls_files_helper "$root" "$1" |
-		while read -r file; do
-			case "$file" in
-			?*/*) echo "${file%%/*}" ;;
-			*) echo "$file" ;;
-			esac
-		done | sort | uniq
-	fi
+	__git_ls_files_helper "$root" "$1" "$match" |
+	awk -F / -v pfx="${2//\\/\\\\}" '{
+		paths[$1] = 1
+	}
+	END {
+		for (p in paths) {
+			if (substr(p, 1, 1) != "\"") {
+				# No special characters, easy!
+				print pfx p
+				continue
+			}
+
+			# The path is quoted.
+			p = dequote(p)
+			if (p == "")
+				continue
+
+			# Even when a directory name itself does not contain
+			# any special characters, it will still be quoted if
+			# any of its (stripped) trailing path components do.
+			# Because of this we may have seen the same direcory
+			# both quoted and unquoted.
+			if (p in paths)
+				# We have seen the same directory unquoted,
+				# skip it.
+				continue
+			else
+				print pfx p
+		}
+	}
+	function dequote(p,    bs_idx, out, esc, esc_idx, dec) {
+		# Skip opening double quote.
+		p = substr(p, 2)
+
+		# Interpret backslash escape sequences.
+		while ((bs_idx = index(p, "\\")) != 0) {
+			out = out substr(p, 1, bs_idx - 1)
+			esc = substr(p, bs_idx + 1, 1)
+			p = substr(p, bs_idx + 2)
+
+			if ((esc_idx = index("abtvfr\"\\", esc)) != 0) {
+				# C-style one-character escape sequence.
+				out = out substr("\a\b\t\v\f\r\"\\",
+						 esc_idx, 1)
+			} else if (esc == "n") {
+				# Uh-oh, a newline character.
+				# We cant reliably put a pathname
+				# containing a newline into COMPREPLY,
+				# and the newline would create a mess.
+				# Skip this path.
+				return ""
+			} else {
+				# Must be a \nnn octal value, then.
+				dec = esc             * 64 + \
+				      substr(p, 1, 1) * 8  + \
+				      substr(p, 2, 1)
+				out = out sprintf("%c", dec)
+				p = substr(p, 3)
+			}
+		}
+		# Drop closing double quote, if there is one.
+		# (There isnt any if this is a directory, as it was
+		# already stripped with the trailing path components.)
+		if (substr(p, length(p), 1) == "\"")
+			out = out substr(p, 1, length(p) - 1)
+		else
+			out = out p
+
+		return out
+	}'
+}
+
+# __git_complete_index_file requires 1 argument:
+# 1: the options to pass to ls-file
+#
+# The exception is --committable, which finds the files appropriate commit.
+__git_complete_index_file ()
+{
+	local dequoted_word pfx="" cur_
+
+	__git_dequote "$cur"
+
+	case "$dequoted_word" in
+	?*/*)
+		pfx="${dequoted_word%/*}/"
+		cur_="${dequoted_word##*/}"
+		;;
+	*)
+		cur_="$dequoted_word"
+	esac
+
+	__gitcomp_file_direct "$(__git_index_files "$1" "$pfx" "$cur_")"
 }
 
+# Lists branches from the local repository.
+# 1: A prefix to be added to each listed branch (optional).
+# 2: List only branches matching this word (optional; list all branches if
+#    unset or empty).
+# 3: A suffix to be appended to each listed branch (optional).
 __git_heads ()
 {
-	local dir="$(__gitdir)"
-	if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
-		git --git-dir="$dir" for-each-ref --format='%(refname:short)' \
-			refs/heads
-		return
-	fi
+	local pfx="${1-}" cur_="${2-}" sfx="${3-}"
+
+	__git for-each-ref --format="${pfx//\%/%%}%(refname:strip=2)$sfx" \
+			"refs/heads/$cur_*" "refs/heads/$cur_*/**"
 }
 
+# Lists tags from the local repository.
+# Accepts the same positional parameters as __git_heads() above.
 __git_tags ()
 {
-	local dir="$(__gitdir)"
-	if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
-		git --git-dir="$dir" for-each-ref --format='%(refname:short)' \
-			refs/tags
-		return
-	fi
+	local pfx="${1-}" cur_="${2-}" sfx="${3-}"
+
+	__git for-each-ref --format="${pfx//\%/%%}%(refname:strip=2)$sfx" \
+			"refs/tags/$cur_*" "refs/tags/$cur_*/**"
 }
 
-# __git_refs accepts 0, 1 (to pass to __gitdir), or 2 arguments
-# presence of 2nd argument means use the guess heuristic employed
-# by checkout for tracking branches
+# Lists refs from the local (by default) or from a remote repository.
+# It accepts 0, 1 or 2 arguments:
+# 1: The remote to list refs from (optional; ignored, if set but empty).
+#    Can be the name of a configured remote, a path, or a URL.
+# 2: In addition to local refs, list unique branches from refs/remotes/ for
+#    'git checkout's tracking DWIMery (optional; ignored, if set but empty).
+# 3: A prefix to be added to each listed ref (optional).
+# 4: List only refs matching this word (optional; list all refs if unset or
+#    empty).
+# 5: A suffix to be appended to each listed ref (optional; ignored, if set
+#    but empty).
+#
+# Use __git_complete_refs() instead.
 __git_refs ()
 {
-	local i hash dir="$(__gitdir "${1-}")" track="${2-}"
+	local i hash dir track="${2-}"
+	local list_refs_from=path remote="${1-}"
 	local format refs
-	if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
-		case "$cur" in
+	local pfx="${3-}" cur_="${4-$cur}" sfx="${5-}"
+	local match="${4-}"
+	local fer_pfx="${pfx//\%/%%}" # "escape" for-each-ref format specifiers
+
+	__git_find_repo_path
+	dir="$__git_repo_path"
+
+	if [ -z "$remote" ]; then
+		if [ -z "$dir" ]; then
+			return
+		fi
+	else
+		if __git_is_configured_remote "$remote"; then
+			# configured remote takes precedence over a
+			# local directory with the same name
+			list_refs_from=remote
+		elif [ -d "$remote/.git" ]; then
+			dir="$remote/.git"
+		elif [ -d "$remote" ]; then
+			dir="$remote"
+		else
+			list_refs_from=url
+		fi
+	fi
+
+	if [ "$list_refs_from" = path ]; then
+		if [[ "$cur_" == ^* ]]; then
+			pfx="$pfx^"
+			fer_pfx="$fer_pfx^"
+			cur_=${cur_#^}
+			match=${match#^}
+		fi
+		case "$cur_" in
 		refs|refs/*)
 			format="refname"
-			refs="${cur%/*}"
+			refs=("$match*" "$match*/**")
 			track=""
 			;;
 		*)
-			for i in HEAD FETCH_HEAD ORIG_HEAD MERGE_HEAD; do
-				if [ -e "$dir/$i" ]; then echo $i; fi
+			for i in HEAD FETCH_HEAD ORIG_HEAD MERGE_HEAD REBASE_HEAD; do
+				case "$i" in
+				$match*)
+					if [ -e "$dir/$i" ]; then
+						echo "$pfx$i$sfx"
+					fi
+					;;
+				esac
 			done
-			format="refname:short"
-			refs="refs/tags refs/heads refs/remotes"
+			format="refname:strip=2"
+			refs=("refs/tags/$match*" "refs/tags/$match*/**"
+				"refs/heads/$match*" "refs/heads/$match*/**"
+				"refs/remotes/$match*" "refs/remotes/$match*/**")
 			;;
 		esac
-		git --git-dir="$dir" for-each-ref --format="%($format)" \
-			$refs
+		__git_dir="$dir" __git for-each-ref --format="$fer_pfx%($format)$sfx" \
+			"${refs[@]}"
 		if [ -n "$track" ]; then
 			# employ the heuristic used by git checkout
 			# Try to find a remote branch that matches the completion word
 			# but only output if the branch name is unique
-			local ref entry
-			git --git-dir="$dir" for-each-ref --shell --format="ref=%(refname:short)" \
-				"refs/remotes/" | \
-			while read -r entry; do
-				eval "$entry"
-				ref="${ref#*/}"
-				if [[ "$ref" == "$cur"* ]]; then
-					echo "$ref"
-				fi
-			done | sort | uniq -u
+			__git for-each-ref --format="$fer_pfx%(refname:strip=3)$sfx" \
+				--sort="refname:strip=3" \
+				"refs/remotes/*/$match*" "refs/remotes/*/$match*/**" | \
+			uniq -u
 		fi
 		return
 	fi
-	case "$cur" in
+	case "$cur_" in
 	refs|refs/*)
-		git ls-remote "$dir" "$cur*" 2>/dev/null | \
+		__git ls-remote "$remote" "$match*" | \
 		while read -r hash i; do
 			case "$i" in
 			*^{}) ;;
-			*) echo "$i" ;;
+			*) echo "$pfx$i$sfx" ;;
 			esac
 		done
 		;;
 	*)
-		echo "HEAD"
-		git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:short)" -- \
-			"refs/remotes/$dir/" 2>/dev/null | sed -e "s#^$dir/##"
+		if [ "$list_refs_from" = remote ]; then
+			case "HEAD" in
+			$match*)	echo "${pfx}HEAD$sfx" ;;
+			esac
+			__git for-each-ref --format="$fer_pfx%(refname:strip=3)$sfx" \
+				"refs/remotes/$remote/$match*" \
+				"refs/remotes/$remote/$match*/**"
+		else
+			local query_symref
+			case "HEAD" in
+			$match*)	query_symref="HEAD" ;;
+			esac
+			__git ls-remote "$remote" $query_symref \
+				"refs/tags/$match*" "refs/heads/$match*" \
+				"refs/remotes/$match*" |
+			while read -r hash i; do
+				case "$i" in
+				*^{})	;;
+				refs/*)	echo "$pfx${i#refs/*/}$sfx" ;;
+				*)	echo "$pfx$i$sfx" ;;  # symbolic refs
+				esac
+			done
+		fi
 		;;
 	esac
 }
 
+# Completes refs, short and long, local and remote, symbolic and pseudo.
+#
+# Usage: __git_complete_refs [<option>]...
+# --remote=<remote>: The remote to list refs from, can be the name of a
+#                    configured remote, a path, or a URL.
+# --track: List unique remote branches for 'git checkout's tracking DWIMery.
+# --pfx=<prefix>: A prefix to be added to each ref.
+# --cur=<word>: The current ref to be completed.  Defaults to the current
+#               word to be completed.
+# --sfx=<suffix>: A suffix to be appended to each ref instead of the default
+#                 space.
+__git_complete_refs ()
+{
+	local remote track pfx cur_="$cur" sfx=" "
+
+	while test $# != 0; do
+		case "$1" in
+		--remote=*)	remote="${1##--remote=}" ;;
+		--track)	track="yes" ;;
+		--pfx=*)	pfx="${1##--pfx=}" ;;
+		--cur=*)	cur_="${1##--cur=}" ;;
+		--sfx=*)	sfx="${1##--sfx=}" ;;
+		*)		return 1 ;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+
+	__gitcomp_direct "$(__git_refs "$remote" "$track" "$pfx" "$cur_" "$sfx")"
+}
+
 # __git_refs2 requires 1 argument (to pass to __git_refs)
+# Deprecated: use __git_complete_fetch_refspecs() instead.
 __git_refs2 ()
 {
 	local i
@@ -399,11 +782,29 @@ __git_refs2 ()
 	done
 }
 
+# Completes refspecs for fetching from a remote repository.
+# 1: The remote repository.
+# 2: A prefix to be added to each listed refspec (optional).
+# 3: The ref to be completed as a refspec instead of the current word to be
+#    completed (optional)
+# 4: A suffix to be appended to each listed refspec instead of the default
+#    space (optional).
+__git_complete_fetch_refspecs ()
+{
+	local i remote="$1" pfx="${2-}" cur_="${3-$cur}" sfx="${4- }"
+
+	__gitcomp_direct "$(
+		for i in $(__git_refs "$remote" "" "" "$cur_") ; do
+			echo "$pfx$i:$i$sfx"
+		done
+		)"
+}
+
 # __git_refs_remotes requires 1 argument (to pass to ls-remote)
 __git_refs_remotes ()
 {
 	local i hash
-	git ls-remote "$1" 'refs/heads/*' 2>/dev/null | \
+	__git ls-remote "$1" 'refs/heads/*' | \
 	while read -r hash i; do
 		echo "$i:refs/remotes/$1/${i#refs/heads/}"
 	done
@@ -411,14 +812,26 @@ __git_refs_remotes ()
 
 __git_remotes ()
 {
-	local d="$(__gitdir)"
-	test -d "$d/remotes" && ls -1 "$d/remotes"
-	git --git-dir="$d" remote
+	__git_find_repo_path
+	test -d "$__git_repo_path/remotes" && ls -1 "$__git_repo_path/remotes"
+	__git remote
+}
+
+# Returns true if $1 matches the name of a configured remote, false otherwise.
+__git_is_configured_remote ()
+{
+	local remote
+	for remote in $(__git_remotes); do
+		if [ "$remote" = "$1" ]; then
+			return 0
+		fi
+	done
+	return 1
 }
 
 __git_list_merge_strategies ()
 {
-	git merge -s help 2>&1 |
+	LANG=C LC_ALL=C git merge -s help 2>&1 |
 	sed -n -e '/[Aa]vailable strategies are: /,/^$/{
 		s/\.$//
 		s/.*://
@@ -467,7 +880,7 @@ __git_complete_revlist_file ()
 		*)   pfx="$ref:$pfx" ;;
 		esac
 
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" ls-tree "$ls" 2>/dev/null \
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git ls-tree "$ls" \
 				| sed '/^100... blob /{
 				           s,^.*	,,
 				           s,$, ,
@@ -486,39 +899,19 @@ __git_complete_revlist_file ()
 	*...*)
 		pfx="${cur_%...*}..."
 		cur_="${cur_#*...}"
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+		__git_complete_refs --pfx="$pfx" --cur="$cur_"
 		;;
 	*..*)
 		pfx="${cur_%..*}.."
 		cur_="${cur_#*..}"
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+		__git_complete_refs --pfx="$pfx" --cur="$cur_"
 		;;
 	*)
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
+		__git_complete_refs
 		;;
 	esac
 }
 
-
-# __git_complete_index_file requires 1 argument:
-# 1: the options to pass to ls-file
-#
-# The exception is --committable, which finds the files appropriate commit.
-__git_complete_index_file ()
-{
-	local pfx="" cur_="$cur"
-
-	case "$cur_" in
-	?*/*)
-		pfx="${cur_%/*}"
-		cur_="${cur_##*/}"
-		pfx="${pfx}/"
-		;;
-	esac
-
-	__gitcomp_file "$(__git_index_files "$1" ${pfx:+"$pfx"})" "$pfx" "$cur_"
-}
-
 __git_complete_file ()
 {
 	__git_complete_revlist_file
@@ -540,6 +933,7 @@ __git_complete_remote_or_refspec ()
 		i="${words[c]}"
 		case "$i" in
 		--mirror) [ "$cmd" = "push" ] && no_complete_refspec=1 ;;
+		-d|--delete) [ "$cmd" = "push" ] && lhs=0 ;;
 		--all)
 			case "$cmd" in
 			push) no_complete_refspec=1 ;;
@@ -579,23 +973,23 @@ __git_complete_remote_or_refspec ()
 	case "$cmd" in
 	fetch)
 		if [ $lhs = 1 ]; then
-			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs2 "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+			__git_complete_fetch_refspecs "$remote" "$pfx" "$cur_"
 		else
-			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+			__git_complete_refs --pfx="$pfx" --cur="$cur_"
 		fi
 		;;
 	pull|remote)
 		if [ $lhs = 1 ]; then
-			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+			__git_complete_refs --remote="$remote" --pfx="$pfx" --cur="$cur_"
 		else
-			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+			__git_complete_refs --pfx="$pfx" --cur="$cur_"
 		fi
 		;;
 	push)
 		if [ $lhs = 1 ]; then
-			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+			__git_complete_refs --pfx="$pfx" --cur="$cur_"
 		else
-			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+			__git_complete_refs --remote="$remote" --pfx="$pfx" --cur="$cur_"
 		fi
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -618,159 +1012,32 @@ __git_complete_strategy ()
 	return 1
 }
 
-__git_commands () {
-	if test -n "${GIT_TESTING_COMMAND_COMPLETION:-}"
-	then
-		printf "%s" "${GIT_TESTING_COMMAND_COMPLETION}"
-	else
-		git help -a|egrep '^  [a-zA-Z0-9]'
-	fi
-}
-
-__git_list_all_commands ()
-{
-	local i IFS=" "$'\n'
-	for i in $(__git_commands)
-	do
-		case $i in
-		*--*)             : helper pattern;;
-		*) echo $i;;
-		esac
-	done
-}
-
 __git_all_commands=
 __git_compute_all_commands ()
 {
 	test -n "$__git_all_commands" ||
-	__git_all_commands=$(__git_list_all_commands)
-}
-
-__git_list_porcelain_commands ()
-{
-	local i IFS=" "$'\n'
-	__git_compute_all_commands
-	for i in $__git_all_commands
-	do
-		case $i in
-		*--*)             : helper pattern;;
-		applymbox)        : ask gittus;;
-		applypatch)       : ask gittus;;
-		archimport)       : import;;
-		cat-file)         : plumbing;;
-		check-attr)       : plumbing;;
-		check-ignore)     : plumbing;;
-		check-mailmap)    : plumbing;;
-		check-ref-format) : plumbing;;
-		checkout-index)   : plumbing;;
-		commit-tree)      : plumbing;;
-		count-objects)    : infrequent;;
-		credential-cache) : credentials helper;;
-		credential-store) : credentials helper;;
-		cvsexportcommit)  : export;;
-		cvsimport)        : import;;
-		cvsserver)        : daemon;;
-		daemon)           : daemon;;
-		diff-files)       : plumbing;;
-		diff-index)       : plumbing;;
-		diff-tree)        : plumbing;;
-		fast-import)      : import;;
-		fast-export)      : export;;
-		fsck-objects)     : plumbing;;
-		fetch-pack)       : plumbing;;
-		fmt-merge-msg)    : plumbing;;
-		for-each-ref)     : plumbing;;
-		hash-object)      : plumbing;;
-		http-*)           : transport;;
-		index-pack)       : plumbing;;
-		init-db)          : deprecated;;
-		local-fetch)      : plumbing;;
-		ls-files)         : plumbing;;
-		ls-remote)        : plumbing;;
-		ls-tree)          : plumbing;;
-		mailinfo)         : plumbing;;
-		mailsplit)        : plumbing;;
-		merge-*)          : plumbing;;
-		mktree)           : plumbing;;
-		mktag)            : plumbing;;
-		pack-objects)     : plumbing;;
-		pack-redundant)   : plumbing;;
-		pack-refs)        : plumbing;;
-		parse-remote)     : plumbing;;
-		patch-id)         : plumbing;;
-		prune)            : plumbing;;
-		prune-packed)     : plumbing;;
-		quiltimport)      : import;;
-		read-tree)        : plumbing;;
-		receive-pack)     : plumbing;;
-		remote-*)         : transport;;
-		rerere)           : plumbing;;
-		rev-list)         : plumbing;;
-		rev-parse)        : plumbing;;
-		runstatus)        : plumbing;;
-		sh-setup)         : internal;;
-		shell)            : daemon;;
-		show-ref)         : plumbing;;
-		send-pack)        : plumbing;;
-		show-index)       : plumbing;;
-		ssh-*)            : transport;;
-		stripspace)       : plumbing;;
-		symbolic-ref)     : plumbing;;
-		unpack-file)      : plumbing;;
-		unpack-objects)   : plumbing;;
-		update-index)     : plumbing;;
-		update-ref)       : plumbing;;
-		update-server-info) : daemon;;
-		upload-archive)   : plumbing;;
-		upload-pack)      : plumbing;;
-		write-tree)       : plumbing;;
-		var)              : infrequent;;
-		verify-pack)      : infrequent;;
-		verify-tag)       : plumbing;;
-		*) echo $i;;
-		esac
-	done
+	__git_all_commands=$(git --list-cmds=main,others,alias,nohelpers)
 }
 
-__git_porcelain_commands=
-__git_compute_porcelain_commands ()
+# Lists all set config variables starting with the given section prefix,
+# with the prefix removed.
+__git_get_config_variables ()
 {
-	__git_compute_all_commands
-	test -n "$__git_porcelain_commands" ||
-	__git_porcelain_commands=$(__git_list_porcelain_commands)
-}
-
-__git_pretty_aliases ()
-{
-	local i IFS=$'\n'
-	for i in $(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" config --get-regexp "pretty\..*" 2>/dev/null); do
-		case "$i" in
-		pretty.*)
-			i="${i#pretty.}"
-			echo "${i/ */}"
-			;;
-		esac
+	local section="$1" i IFS=$'\n'
+	for i in $(__git config --name-only --get-regexp "^$section\..*"); do
+		echo "${i#$section.}"
 	done
 }
 
-__git_aliases ()
+__git_pretty_aliases ()
 {
-	local i IFS=$'\n'
-	for i in $(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" config --get-regexp "alias\..*" 2>/dev/null); do
-		case "$i" in
-		alias.*)
-			i="${i#alias.}"
-			echo "${i/ */}"
-			;;
-		esac
-	done
+	__git_get_config_variables "pretty"
 }
 
 # __git_aliased_command requires 1 argument
 __git_aliased_command ()
 {
-	local word cmdline=$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" \
-		config --get "alias.$1")
+	local word cmdline=$(__git config --get "alias.$1")
 	for word in $cmdline; do
 		case "$word" in
 		\!gitk|gitk)
@@ -808,6 +1075,50 @@ __git_find_on_cmdline ()
 	done
 }
 
+# Echo the value of an option set on the command line or config
+#
+# $1: short option name
+# $2: long option name including =
+# $3: list of possible values
+# $4: config string (optional)
+#
+# example:
+# result="$(__git_get_option_value "-d" "--do-something=" \
+#     "yes no" "core.doSomething")"
+#
+# result is then either empty (no option set) or "yes" or "no"
+#
+# __git_get_option_value requires 3 arguments
+__git_get_option_value ()
+{
+	local c short_opt long_opt val
+	local result= values config_key word
+
+	short_opt="$1"
+	long_opt="$2"
+	values="$3"
+	config_key="$4"
+
+	((c = $cword - 1))
+	while [ $c -ge 0 ]; do
+		word="${words[c]}"
+		for val in $values; do
+			if [ "$short_opt$val" = "$word" ] ||
+			   [ "$long_opt$val"  = "$word" ]; then
+				result="$val"
+				break 2
+			fi
+		done
+		((c--))
+	done
+
+	if [ -n "$config_key" ] && [ -z "$result" ]; then
+		result="$(__git config "$config_key")"
+	fi
+
+	echo "$result"
+}
+
 __git_has_doubledash ()
 {
 	local c=1
@@ -858,12 +1169,13 @@ __git_count_arguments ()
 }
 
 __git_whitespacelist="nowarn warn error error-all fix"
+__git_am_inprogress_options="--skip --continue --resolved --abort --quit --show-current-patch"
 
 _git_am ()
 {
-	local dir="$(__gitdir)"
-	if [ -d "$dir"/rebase-apply ]; then
-		__gitcomp "--skip --continue --resolved --abort"
+	__git_find_repo_path
+	if [ -d "$__git_repo_path"/rebase-apply ]; then
+		__gitcomp "$__git_am_inprogress_options"
 		return
 	fi
 	case "$cur" in
@@ -872,12 +1184,8 @@ _git_am ()
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			--3way --committer-date-is-author-date --ignore-date
-			--ignore-whitespace --ignore-space-change
-			--interactive --keep --no-utf8 --signoff --utf8
-			--whitespace= --scissors
-			"
+		__gitcomp_builtin am "" \
+			"$__git_am_inprogress_options"
 		return
 	esac
 }
@@ -890,13 +1198,7 @@ _git_apply ()
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			--stat --numstat --summary --check --index
-			--cached --index-info --reverse --reject --unidiff-zero
-			--apply --no-add --exclude=
-			--ignore-whitespace --ignore-space-change
-			--whitespace= --inaccurate-eof --verbose
-			"
+		__gitcomp_builtin apply
 		return
 	esac
 }
@@ -905,15 +1207,16 @@ _git_add ()
 {
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			--interactive --refresh --patch --update --dry-run
-			--ignore-errors --intent-to-add
-			"
+		__gitcomp_builtin add
 		return
 	esac
 
-	# XXX should we check for --update and --all options ?
-	__git_complete_index_file "--others --modified --directory --no-empty-directory"
+	local complete_opt="--others --modified --directory --no-empty-directory"
+	if test -n "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "-u --update")"
+	then
+		complete_opt="--modified"
+	fi
+	__git_complete_index_file "$complete_opt"
 }
 
 _git_archive ()
@@ -930,7 +1233,7 @@ _git_archive ()
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
 			--format= --list --verbose
-			--prefix= --remote= --exec=
+			--prefix= --remote= --exec= --output
 			"
 		return
 		;;
@@ -945,7 +1248,8 @@ _git_bisect ()
 	local subcommands="start bad good skip reset visualize replay log run"
 	local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")"
 	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
-		if [ -f "$(__gitdir)"/BISECT_START ]; then
+		__git_find_repo_path
+		if [ -f "$__git_repo_path"/BISECT_START ]; then
 			__gitcomp "$subcommands"
 		else
 			__gitcomp "replay start"
@@ -955,7 +1259,7 @@ _git_bisect ()
 
 	case "$subcommand" in
 	bad|good|reset|skip|start)
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
+		__git_complete_refs
 		;;
 	*)
 		;;
@@ -969,29 +1273,24 @@ _git_branch ()
 	while [ $c -lt $cword ]; do
 		i="${words[c]}"
 		case "$i" in
-		-d|-m)	only_local_ref="y" ;;
-		-r)	has_r="y" ;;
+		-d|--delete|-m|--move)	only_local_ref="y" ;;
+		-r|--remotes)		has_r="y" ;;
 		esac
 		((c++))
 	done
 
 	case "$cur" in
 	--set-upstream-to=*)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur##--set-upstream-to=}"
+		__git_complete_refs --cur="${cur##--set-upstream-to=}"
 		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			--color --no-color --verbose --abbrev= --no-abbrev
-			--track --no-track --contains --merged --no-merged
-			--set-upstream-to= --edit-description --list
-			--unset-upstream
-			"
+		__gitcomp_builtin branch
 		;;
 	*)
 		if [ $only_local_ref = "y" -a $has_r = "n" ]; then
-			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_heads)"
+			__gitcomp_direct "$(__git_heads "" "$cur" " ")"
 		else
-			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
+			__git_complete_refs
 		fi
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -1026,41 +1325,48 @@ _git_checkout ()
 		__gitcomp "diff3 merge" "" "${cur##--conflict=}"
 		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			--quiet --ours --theirs --track --no-track --merge
-			--conflict= --orphan --patch
-			"
+		__gitcomp_builtin checkout
 		;;
 	*)
 		# check if --track, --no-track, or --no-guess was specified
 		# if so, disable DWIM mode
-		local flags="--track --no-track --no-guess" track=1
-		if [ -n "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$flags")" ]; then
-			track=''
+		local flags="--track --no-track --no-guess" track_opt="--track"
+		if [ "$GIT_COMPLETION_CHECKOUT_NO_GUESS" = "1" ] ||
+		   [ -n "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$flags")" ]; then
+			track_opt=''
 		fi
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs '' $track)"
+		__git_complete_refs $track_opt
 		;;
 	esac
 }
 
 _git_cherry ()
 {
-	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp_builtin cherry
+		return
+	esac
+
+	__git_complete_refs
 }
 
+__git_cherry_pick_inprogress_options="--continue --quit --abort"
+
 _git_cherry_pick ()
 {
-	local dir="$(__gitdir)"
-	if [ -f "$dir"/CHERRY_PICK_HEAD ]; then
-		__gitcomp "--continue --quit --abort"
+	__git_find_repo_path
+	if [ -f "$__git_repo_path"/CHERRY_PICK_HEAD ]; then
+		__gitcomp "$__git_cherry_pick_inprogress_options"
 		return
 	fi
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--edit --no-commit --signoff --strategy= --mainline"
+		__gitcomp_builtin cherry-pick "" \
+			"$__git_cherry_pick_inprogress_options"
 		;;
 	*)
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
+		__git_complete_refs
 		;;
 	esac
 }
@@ -1069,7 +1375,7 @@ _git_clean ()
 {
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--dry-run --quiet"
+		__gitcomp_builtin clean
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -1082,65 +1388,44 @@ _git_clone ()
 {
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			--local
-			--no-hardlinks
-			--shared
-			--reference
-			--quiet
-			--no-checkout
-			--bare
-			--mirror
-			--origin
-			--upload-pack
-			--template=
-			--depth
-			--single-branch
-			--branch
-			"
+		__gitcomp_builtin clone
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
 }
 
+__git_untracked_file_modes="all no normal"
+
 _git_commit ()
 {
 	case "$prev" in
 	-c|-C)
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur}"
+		__git_complete_refs
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
 
 	case "$cur" in
 	--cleanup=*)
-		__gitcomp "default strip verbatim whitespace
+		__gitcomp "default scissors strip verbatim whitespace
 			" "" "${cur##--cleanup=}"
 		return
 		;;
 	--reuse-message=*|--reedit-message=*|\
 	--fixup=*|--squash=*)
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur#*=}"
+		__git_complete_refs --cur="${cur#*=}"
 		return
 		;;
 	--untracked-files=*)
-		__gitcomp "all no normal" "" "${cur##--untracked-files=}"
+		__gitcomp "$__git_untracked_file_modes" "" "${cur##--untracked-files=}"
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			--all --author= --signoff --verify --no-verify
-			--edit --no-edit
-			--amend --include --only --interactive
-			--dry-run --reuse-message= --reedit-message=
-			--reset-author --file= --message= --template=
-			--cleanup= --untracked-files --untracked-files=
-			--verbose --quiet --fixup= --squash=
-			"
+		__gitcomp_builtin commit
 		return
 	esac
 
-	if git rev-parse --verify --quiet HEAD >/dev/null; then
+	if __git rev-parse --verify --quiet HEAD >/dev/null; then
 		__git_complete_index_file "--committable"
 	else
 		# This is the first commit
@@ -1152,32 +1437,32 @@ _git_describe ()
 {
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			--all --tags --contains --abbrev= --candidates=
-			--exact-match --debug --long --match --always
-			"
+		__gitcomp_builtin describe
 		return
 	esac
-	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
+	__git_complete_refs
 }
 
 __git_diff_algorithms="myers minimal patience histogram"
 
+__git_diff_submodule_formats="diff log short"
+
 __git_diff_common_options="--stat --numstat --shortstat --summary
 			--patch-with-stat --name-only --name-status --color
 			--no-color --color-words --no-renames --check
 			--full-index --binary --abbrev --diff-filter=
-			--find-copies-harder
+			--find-copies-harder --ignore-cr-at-eol
 			--text --ignore-space-at-eol --ignore-space-change
 			--ignore-all-space --ignore-blank-lines --exit-code
 			--quiet --ext-diff --no-ext-diff
 			--no-prefix --src-prefix= --dst-prefix=
 			--inter-hunk-context=
 			--patience --histogram --minimal
-			--raw --word-diff
+			--raw --word-diff --word-diff-regex=
 			--dirstat --dirstat= --dirstat-by-file
 			--dirstat-by-file= --cumulative
 			--diff-algorithm=
+			--submodule --submodule= --ignore-submodules
 "
 
 _git_diff ()
@@ -1189,6 +1474,10 @@ _git_diff ()
 		__gitcomp "$__git_diff_algorithms" "" "${cur##--diff-algorithm=}"
 		return
 		;;
+	--submodule=*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_diff_submodule_formats" "" "${cur##--submodule=}"
+		return
+		;;
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--cached --staged --pickaxe-all --pickaxe-regex
 			--base --ours --theirs --no-index
@@ -1214,11 +1503,11 @@ _git_difftool ()
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--cached --staged --pickaxe-all --pickaxe-regex
-			--base --ours --theirs
-			--no-renames --diff-filter= --find-copies-harder
-			--relative --ignore-submodules
-			--tool="
+		__gitcomp_builtin difftool "$__git_diff_common_options
+					--base --cached --ours --theirs
+					--pickaxe-all --pickaxe-regex
+					--relative --staged
+					"
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -1227,11 +1516,6 @@ _git_difftool ()
 
 __git_fetch_recurse_submodules="yes on-demand no"
 
-__git_fetch_options="
-	--quiet --verbose --append --upload-pack --force --keep --depth=
-	--tags --no-tags --all --prune --dry-run --recurse-submodules=
-"
-
 _git_fetch ()
 {
 	case "$cur" in
@@ -1240,7 +1524,7 @@ _git_fetch ()
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "$__git_fetch_options"
+		__gitcomp_builtin fetch
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -1277,20 +1561,7 @@ _git_fsck ()
 {
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			--tags --root --unreachable --cache --no-reflogs --full
-			--strict --verbose --lost-found
-			"
-		return
-		;;
-	esac
-}
-
-_git_gc ()
-{
-	case "$cur" in
-	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--prune --aggressive"
+		__gitcomp_builtin fsck
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -1301,8 +1572,43 @@ _git_gitk ()
 	_gitk
 }
 
-__git_match_ctag() {
-	awk "/^${1////\\/}/ { print \$1 }" "$2"
+# Lists matching symbol names from a tag (as in ctags) file.
+# 1: List symbol names matching this word.
+# 2: The tag file to list symbol names from.
+# 3: A prefix to be added to each listed symbol name (optional).
+# 4: A suffix to be appended to each listed symbol name (optional).
+__git_match_ctag () {
+	awk -v pfx="${3-}" -v sfx="${4-}" "
+		/^${1//\//\\/}/ { print pfx \$1 sfx }
+		" "$2"
+}
+
+# Complete symbol names from a tag file.
+# Usage: __git_complete_symbol [<option>]...
+# --tags=<file>: The tag file to list symbol names from instead of the
+#                default "tags".
+# --pfx=<prefix>: A prefix to be added to each symbol name.
+# --cur=<word>: The current symbol name to be completed.  Defaults to
+#               the current word to be completed.
+# --sfx=<suffix>: A suffix to be appended to each symbol name instead
+#                 of the default space.
+__git_complete_symbol () {
+	local tags=tags pfx="" cur_="${cur-}" sfx=" "
+
+	while test $# != 0; do
+		case "$1" in
+		--tags=*)	tags="${1##--tags=}" ;;
+		--pfx=*)	pfx="${1##--pfx=}" ;;
+		--cur=*)	cur_="${1##--cur=}" ;;
+		--sfx=*)	sfx="${1##--sfx=}" ;;
+		*)		return 1 ;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+
+	if test -r "$tags"; then
+		__gitcomp_direct "$(__git_match_ctag "$cur_" "$tags" "$pfx" "$sfx")"
+	fi
 }
 
 _git_grep ()
@@ -1311,49 +1617,34 @@ _git_grep ()
 
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			--cached
-			--text --ignore-case --word-regexp --invert-match
-			--full-name --line-number
-			--extended-regexp --basic-regexp --fixed-strings
-			--perl-regexp
-			--files-with-matches --name-only
-			--files-without-match
-			--max-depth
-			--count
-			--and --or --not --all-match
-			"
+		__gitcomp_builtin grep
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
 
 	case "$cword,$prev" in
 	2,*|*,-*)
-		if test -r tags; then
-			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_match_ctag "$cur" tags)"
-			return
-		fi
+		__git_complete_symbol && return
 		;;
 	esac
 
-	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
+	__git_complete_refs
 }
 
 _git_help ()
 {
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--all --info --man --web"
+		__gitcomp_builtin help
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	__git_compute_all_commands
-	__gitcomp "$__git_all_commands $(__git_aliases)
-		attributes cli core-tutorial cvs-migration
-		diffcore gitk glossary hooks ignore modules
-		namespaces repository-layout tutorial tutorial-2
-		workflows
-		"
+	if test -n "$GIT_TESTING_ALL_COMMAND_LIST"
+	then
+		__gitcomp "$GIT_TESTING_ALL_COMMAND_LIST $(git --list-cmds=alias,list-guide) gitk"
+	else
+		__gitcomp "$(git --list-cmds=main,nohelpers,alias,list-guide) gitk"
+	fi
 }
 
 _git_init ()
@@ -1366,7 +1657,7 @@ _git_init ()
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--quiet --bare --template= --shared --shared="
+		__gitcomp_builtin init
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -1376,13 +1667,7 @@ _git_ls_files ()
 {
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--cached --deleted --modified --others --ignored
-			--stage --directory --no-empty-directory --unmerged
-			--killed --exclude= --exclude-from=
-			--exclude-per-directory= --exclude-standard
-			--error-unmatch --with-tree= --full-name
-			--abbrev --ignored --exclude-per-directory
-			"
+		__gitcomp_builtin ls-files
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -1394,11 +1679,24 @@ _git_ls_files ()
 
 _git_ls_remote ()
 {
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp_builtin ls-remote
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
 	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_remotes)"
 }
 
 _git_ls_tree ()
 {
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp_builtin ls-tree
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+
 	__git_complete_file
 }
 
@@ -1431,12 +1729,25 @@ __git_log_date_formats="relative iso8601 rfc2822 short local default raw"
 _git_log ()
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
+	__git_find_repo_path
 
-	local g="$(git rev-parse --git-dir 2>/dev/null)"
 	local merge=""
-	if [ -f "$g/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then
+	if [ -f "$__git_repo_path/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then
 		merge="--merge"
 	fi
+	case "$prev,$cur" in
+	-L,:*:*)
+		return	# fall back to Bash filename completion
+		;;
+	-L,:*)
+		__git_complete_symbol --cur="${cur#:}" --sfx=":"
+		return
+		;;
+	-G,*|-S,*)
+		__git_complete_symbol
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
 	case "$cur" in
 	--pretty=*|--format=*)
 		__gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats $(__git_pretty_aliases)
@@ -1448,7 +1759,15 @@ _git_log ()
 		return
 		;;
 	--decorate=*)
-		__gitcomp "long short" "" "${cur##--decorate=}"
+		__gitcomp "full short no" "" "${cur##--decorate=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--diff-algorithm=*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_diff_algorithms" "" "${cur##--diff-algorithm=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--submodule=*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_diff_submodule_formats" "" "${cur##--submodule=}"
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
@@ -1462,6 +1781,7 @@ _git_log ()
 			--relative-date --date=
 			--pretty= --format= --oneline
 			--show-signature
+			--cherry-mark
 			--cherry-pick
 			--graph
 			--decorate --decorate=
@@ -1473,29 +1793,35 @@ _git_log ()
 			"
 		return
 		;;
+	-L:*:*)
+		return	# fall back to Bash filename completion
+		;;
+	-L:*)
+		__git_complete_symbol --cur="${cur#-L:}" --sfx=":"
+		return
+		;;
+	-G*)
+		__git_complete_symbol --pfx="-G" --cur="${cur#-G}"
+		return
+		;;
+	-S*)
+		__git_complete_symbol --pfx="-S" --cur="${cur#-S}"
+		return
+		;;
 	esac
 	__git_complete_revlist
 }
 
-# Common merge options shared by git-merge(1) and git-pull(1).
-__git_merge_options="
-	--no-commit --no-stat --log --no-log --squash --strategy
-	--commit --stat --no-squash --ff --no-ff --ff-only --edit --no-edit
-	--verify-signatures --no-verify-signatures --gpg-sign
-	--quiet --verbose --progress --no-progress
-"
-
 _git_merge ()
 {
 	__git_complete_strategy && return
 
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "$__git_merge_options
-			--rerere-autoupdate --no-rerere-autoupdate --abort"
+		__gitcomp_builtin merge
 		return
 	esac
-	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
+	__git_complete_refs
 }
 
 _git_mergetool ()
@@ -1506,7 +1832,7 @@ _git_mergetool ()
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--tool="
+		__gitcomp "--tool= --prompt --no-prompt"
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -1516,18 +1842,18 @@ _git_merge_base ()
 {
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--octopus --independent --is-ancestor --fork-point"
+		__gitcomp_builtin merge-base
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
+	__git_complete_refs
 }
 
 _git_mv ()
 {
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--dry-run"
+		__gitcomp_builtin mv
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -1541,52 +1867,40 @@ _git_mv ()
 	fi
 }
 
-_git_name_rev ()
-{
-	__gitcomp "--tags --all --stdin"
-}
-
 _git_notes ()
 {
-	local subcommands='add append copy edit list prune remove show'
+	local subcommands='add append copy edit get-ref list merge prune remove show'
 	local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")"
 
 	case "$subcommand,$cur" in
 	,--*)
-		__gitcomp '--ref'
+		__gitcomp_builtin notes
 		;;
 	,*)
 		case "$prev" in
 		--ref)
-			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
+			__git_complete_refs
 			;;
 		*)
 			__gitcomp "$subcommands --ref"
 			;;
 		esac
 		;;
-	add,--reuse-message=*|append,--reuse-message=*|\
-	add,--reedit-message=*|append,--reedit-message=*)
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur#*=}"
-		;;
-	add,--*|append,--*)
-		__gitcomp '--file= --message= --reedit-message=
-				--reuse-message='
+	*,--reuse-message=*|*,--reedit-message=*)
+		__git_complete_refs --cur="${cur#*=}"
 		;;
-	copy,--*)
-		__gitcomp '--stdin'
-		;;
-	prune,--*)
-		__gitcomp '--dry-run --verbose'
+	*,--*)
+		__gitcomp_builtin notes_$subcommand
 		;;
-	prune,*)
+	prune,*|get-ref,*)
+		# this command does not take a ref, do not complete it
 		;;
 	*)
 		case "$prev" in
 		-m|-F)
 			;;
 		*)
-			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
+			__git_complete_refs
 			;;
 		esac
 		;;
@@ -1603,18 +1917,15 @@ _git_pull ()
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			--rebase --no-rebase
-			$__git_merge_options
-			$__git_fetch_options
-		"
+		__gitcomp_builtin pull
+
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
 	__git_complete_remote_or_refspec
 }
 
-__git_push_recurse_submodules="check on-demand"
+__git_push_recurse_submodules="check on-demand only"
 
 __git_complete_force_with_lease ()
 {
@@ -1624,10 +1935,10 @@ __git_complete_force_with_lease ()
 	--*=)
 		;;
 	*:*)
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur_#*:}"
+		__git_complete_refs --cur="${cur_#*:}"
 		;;
 	*)
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "" "$cur_"
+		__git_complete_refs --cur="$cur_"
 		;;
 	esac
 }
@@ -1658,23 +1969,36 @@ _git_push ()
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
+		__gitcomp_builtin push
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	__git_complete_remote_or_refspec
+}
+
+_git_range_diff ()
+{
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
-			--all --mirror --tags --dry-run --force --verbose
-			--quiet --prune --delete --follow-tags
-			--receive-pack= --repo= --set-upstream
-			--force-with-lease --force-with-lease= --recurse-submodules=
+			--creation-factor= --no-dual-color
+			$__git_diff_common_options
 		"
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	__git_complete_remote_or_refspec
+	__git_complete_revlist
 }
 
 _git_rebase ()
 {
-	local dir="$(__gitdir)"
-	if [ -d "$dir"/rebase-apply ] || [ -d "$dir"/rebase-merge ]; then
-		__gitcomp "--continue --skip --abort"
+	__git_find_repo_path
+	if [ -f "$__git_repo_path"/rebase-merge/interactive ]; then
+		__gitcomp "--continue --skip --abort --quit --edit-todo --show-current-patch"
+		return
+	elif [ -d "$__git_repo_path"/rebase-apply ] || \
+	     [ -d "$__git_repo_path"/rebase-merge ]; then
+		__gitcomp "--continue --skip --abort --quit --show-current-patch"
 		return
 	fi
 	__git_complete_strategy && return
@@ -1686,16 +2010,21 @@ _git_rebase ()
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
 			--onto --merge --strategy --interactive
-			--preserve-merges --stat --no-stat
+			--rebase-merges --preserve-merges --stat --no-stat
 			--committer-date-is-author-date --ignore-date
 			--ignore-whitespace --whitespace=
-			--autosquash --fork-point --no-fork-point
-			--autostash
+			--autosquash --no-autosquash
+			--fork-point --no-fork-point
+			--autostash --no-autostash
+			--verify --no-verify
+			--keep-empty --root --force-rebase --no-ff
+			--rerere-autoupdate
+			--exec
 			"
 
 		return
 	esac
-	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
+	__git_complete_refs
 }
 
 _git_reflog ()
@@ -1706,7 +2035,7 @@ _git_reflog ()
 	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
 		__gitcomp "$subcommands"
 	else
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
+		__git_complete_refs
 	fi
 }
 
@@ -1715,6 +2044,13 @@ __git_send_email_suppresscc_options="author self cc bodycc sob cccmd body all"
 
 _git_send_email ()
 {
+	case "$prev" in
+	--to|--cc|--bcc|--from)
+		__gitcomp "$(__git send-email --dump-aliases)"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+
 	case "$cur" in
 	--confirm=*)
 		__gitcomp "
@@ -1739,12 +2075,16 @@ _git_send_email ()
 			" "" "${cur##--thread=}"
 		return
 		;;
+	--to=*|--cc=*|--bcc=*|--from=*)
+		__gitcomp "$(__git send-email --dump-aliases)" "" "${cur#--*=}"
+		return
+		;;
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--annotate --bcc --cc --cc-cmd --chain-reply-to
 			--compose --confirm= --dry-run --envelope-sender
 			--from --identity
 			--in-reply-to --no-chain-reply-to --no-signed-off-by-cc
-			--no-suppress-from --no-thread --quiet
+			--no-suppress-from --no-thread --quiet --reply-to
 			--signed-off-by-cc --smtp-pass --smtp-server
 			--smtp-server-port --smtp-encryption= --smtp-user
 			--subject --suppress-cc= --suppress-from --thread --to
@@ -1761,6 +2101,52 @@ _git_stage ()
 	_git_add
 }
 
+_git_status ()
+{
+	local complete_opt
+	local untracked_state
+
+	case "$cur" in
+	--ignore-submodules=*)
+		__gitcomp "none untracked dirty all" "" "${cur##--ignore-submodules=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--untracked-files=*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_untracked_file_modes" "" "${cur##--untracked-files=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--column=*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			always never auto column row plain dense nodense
+			" "" "${cur##--column=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp_builtin status
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+
+	untracked_state="$(__git_get_option_value "-u" "--untracked-files=" \
+		"$__git_untracked_file_modes" "status.showUntrackedFiles")"
+
+	case "$untracked_state" in
+	no)
+		# --ignored option does not matter
+		complete_opt=
+		;;
+	all|normal|*)
+		complete_opt="--cached --directory --no-empty-directory --others"
+
+		if [ -n "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "--ignored")" ]; then
+			complete_opt="$complete_opt --ignored --exclude=*"
+		fi
+		;;
+	esac
+
+	__git_complete_index_file "$complete_opt"
+}
+
 __git_config_get_set_variables ()
 {
 	local prevword word config_file= c=$cword
@@ -1780,30 +2166,37 @@ __git_config_get_set_variables ()
 		c=$((--c))
 	done
 
-	git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" config $config_file --list 2>/dev/null |
-	while read -r line
-	do
-		case "$line" in
-		*.*=*)
-			echo "${line/=*/}"
-			;;
-		esac
-	done
+	__git config $config_file --name-only --list
+}
+
+__git_config_vars=
+__git_compute_config_vars ()
+{
+	test -n "$__git_config_vars" ||
+	__git_config_vars="$(git help --config-for-completion | sort | uniq)"
 }
 
 _git_config ()
 {
-	case "$prev" in
+	local varname
+
+	if [ "${BASH_VERSINFO[0]:-0}" -ge 4 ]; then
+		varname="${prev,,}"
+	else
+		varname="$(echo "$prev" |tr A-Z a-z)"
+	fi
+
+	case "$varname" in
 	branch.*.remote|branch.*.pushremote)
 		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_remotes)"
 		return
 		;;
 	branch.*.merge)
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
+		__git_complete_refs
 		return
 		;;
 	branch.*.rebase)
-		__gitcomp "false true"
+		__gitcomp "false true merges preserve interactive"
 		return
 		;;
 	remote.pushdefault)
@@ -1823,9 +2216,8 @@ _git_config ()
 	remote.*.push)
 		local remote="${prev#remote.}"
 		remote="${remote%.push}"
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" \
-			for-each-ref --format='%(refname):%(refname)' \
-			refs/heads)"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git for-each-ref \
+			--format='%(refname):%(refname)' refs/heads)"
 		return
 		;;
 	pull.twohead|pull.octopus)
@@ -1861,7 +2253,7 @@ _git_config ()
 		__gitcomp "$__git_log_date_formats"
 		return
 		;;
-	sendemail.aliasesfiletype)
+	sendemail.aliasfiletype)
 		__gitcomp "mutt mailrc pine elm gnus"
 		return
 		;;
@@ -1887,31 +2279,25 @@ _git_config ()
 	esac
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			--system --global --local --file=
-			--list --replace-all
-			--get --get-all --get-regexp
-			--add --unset --unset-all
-			--remove-section --rename-section
-			"
+		__gitcomp_builtin config
 		return
 		;;
 	branch.*.*)
 		local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur_="${cur##*.}"
-		__gitcomp "remote pushremote merge mergeoptions rebase" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+		__gitcomp "remote pushRemote merge mergeOptions rebase" "$pfx" "$cur_"
 		return
 		;;
 	branch.*)
 		local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur_="${cur#*.}"
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_heads)" "$pfx" "$cur_" "."
-		__gitcomp_nl_append $'autosetupmerge\nautosetuprebase\n' "$pfx" "$cur_"
+		__gitcomp_direct "$(__git_heads "$pfx" "$cur_" ".")"
+		__gitcomp_nl_append $'autoSetupMerge\nautoSetupRebase\n' "$pfx" "$cur_"
 		return
 		;;
 	guitool.*.*)
 		local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur_="${cur##*.}"
 		__gitcomp "
-			argprompt cmd confirm needsfile noconsole norescan
-			prompt revprompt revunmerged title
+			argPrompt cmd confirm needsFile noConsole noRescan
+			prompt revPrompt revUnmerged title
 			" "$pfx" "$cur_"
 		return
 		;;
@@ -1940,14 +2326,14 @@ _git_config ()
 		local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur_="${cur##*.}"
 		__gitcomp "
 			url proxy fetch push mirror skipDefaultUpdate
-			receivepack uploadpack tagopt pushurl
+			receivepack uploadpack tagOpt pushurl
 			" "$pfx" "$cur_"
 		return
 		;;
 	remote.*)
 		local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur_="${cur#*.}"
 		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_remotes)" "$pfx" "$cur_" "."
-		__gitcomp_nl_append "pushdefault" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+		__gitcomp_nl_append "pushDefault" "$pfx" "$cur_"
 		return
 		;;
 	url.*.*)
@@ -1955,325 +2341,91 @@ _git_config ()
 		__gitcomp "insteadOf pushInsteadOf" "$pfx" "$cur_"
 		return
 		;;
+	*.*)
+		__git_compute_config_vars
+		__gitcomp "$__git_config_vars"
+		;;
+	*)
+		__git_compute_config_vars
+		__gitcomp "$(echo "$__git_config_vars" | sed 's/\.[^ ]*/./g')"
 	esac
-	__gitcomp "
-		add.ignoreErrors
-		advice.commitBeforeMerge
-		advice.detachedHead
-		advice.implicitIdentity
-		advice.pushNonFastForward
-		advice.resolveConflict
-		advice.statusHints
-		alias.
-		am.keepcr
-		apply.ignorewhitespace
-		apply.whitespace
-		branch.autosetupmerge
-		branch.autosetuprebase
-		browser.
-		clean.requireForce
-		color.branch
-		color.branch.current
-		color.branch.local
-		color.branch.plain
-		color.branch.remote
-		color.decorate.HEAD
-		color.decorate.branch
-		color.decorate.remoteBranch
-		color.decorate.stash
-		color.decorate.tag
-		color.diff
-		color.diff.commit
-		color.diff.frag
-		color.diff.func
-		color.diff.meta
-		color.diff.new
-		color.diff.old
-		color.diff.plain
-		color.diff.whitespace
-		color.grep
-		color.grep.context
-		color.grep.filename
-		color.grep.function
-		color.grep.linenumber
-		color.grep.match
-		color.grep.selected
-		color.grep.separator
-		color.interactive
-		color.interactive.error
-		color.interactive.header
-		color.interactive.help
-		color.interactive.prompt
-		color.pager
-		color.showbranch
-		color.status
-		color.status.added
-		color.status.changed
-		color.status.header
-		color.status.nobranch
-		color.status.unmerged
-		color.status.untracked
-		color.status.updated
-		color.ui
-		commit.status
-		commit.template
-		core.abbrev
-		core.askpass
-		core.attributesfile
-		core.autocrlf
-		core.bare
-		core.bigFileThreshold
-		core.compression
-		core.createObject
-		core.deltaBaseCacheLimit
-		core.editor
-		core.eol
-		core.excludesfile
-		core.fileMode
-		core.fsyncobjectfiles
-		core.gitProxy
-		core.ignoreStat
-		core.ignorecase
-		core.logAllRefUpdates
-		core.loosecompression
-		core.notesRef
-		core.packedGitLimit
-		core.packedGitWindowSize
-		core.pager
-		core.preferSymlinkRefs
-		core.preloadindex
-		core.quotepath
-		core.repositoryFormatVersion
-		core.safecrlf
-		core.sharedRepository
-		core.sparseCheckout
-		core.symlinks
-		core.trustctime
-		core.warnAmbiguousRefs
-		core.whitespace
-		core.worktree
-		diff.autorefreshindex
-		diff.external
-		diff.ignoreSubmodules
-		diff.mnemonicprefix
-		diff.noprefix
-		diff.renameLimit
-		diff.renames
-		diff.statGraphWidth
-		diff.submodule
-		diff.suppressBlankEmpty
-		diff.tool
-		diff.wordRegex
-		diff.algorithm
-		difftool.
-		difftool.prompt
-		fetch.recurseSubmodules
-		fetch.unpackLimit
-		format.attach
-		format.cc
-		format.coverLetter
-		format.headers
-		format.numbered
-		format.pretty
-		format.signature
-		format.signoff
-		format.subjectprefix
-		format.suffix
-		format.thread
-		format.to
-		gc.
-		gc.aggressiveWindow
-		gc.auto
-		gc.autopacklimit
-		gc.packrefs
-		gc.pruneexpire
-		gc.reflogexpire
-		gc.reflogexpireunreachable
-		gc.rerereresolved
-		gc.rerereunresolved
-		gitcvs.allbinary
-		gitcvs.commitmsgannotation
-		gitcvs.dbTableNamePrefix
-		gitcvs.dbdriver
-		gitcvs.dbname
-		gitcvs.dbpass
-		gitcvs.dbuser
-		gitcvs.enabled
-		gitcvs.logfile
-		gitcvs.usecrlfattr
-		guitool.
-		gui.blamehistoryctx
-		gui.commitmsgwidth
-		gui.copyblamethreshold
-		gui.diffcontext
-		gui.encoding
-		gui.fastcopyblame
-		gui.matchtrackingbranch
-		gui.newbranchtemplate
-		gui.pruneduringfetch
-		gui.spellingdictionary
-		gui.trustmtime
-		help.autocorrect
-		help.browser
-		help.format
-		http.lowSpeedLimit
-		http.lowSpeedTime
-		http.maxRequests
-		http.minSessions
-		http.noEPSV
-		http.postBuffer
-		http.proxy
-		http.sslCAInfo
-		http.sslCAPath
-		http.sslCert
-		http.sslCertPasswordProtected
-		http.sslKey
-		http.sslVerify
-		http.useragent
-		i18n.commitEncoding
-		i18n.logOutputEncoding
-		imap.authMethod
-		imap.folder
-		imap.host
-		imap.pass
-		imap.port
-		imap.preformattedHTML
-		imap.sslverify
-		imap.tunnel
-		imap.user
-		init.templatedir
-		instaweb.browser
-		instaweb.httpd
-		instaweb.local
-		instaweb.modulepath
-		instaweb.port
-		interactive.singlekey
-		log.date
-		log.decorate
-		log.showroot
-		mailmap.file
-		man.
-		man.viewer
-		merge.
-		merge.conflictstyle
-		merge.log
-		merge.renameLimit
-		merge.renormalize
-		merge.stat
-		merge.tool
-		merge.verbosity
-		mergetool.
-		mergetool.keepBackup
-		mergetool.keepTemporaries
-		mergetool.prompt
-		notes.displayRef
-		notes.rewrite.
-		notes.rewrite.amend
-		notes.rewrite.rebase
-		notes.rewriteMode
-		notes.rewriteRef
-		pack.compression
-		pack.deltaCacheLimit
-		pack.deltaCacheSize
-		pack.depth
-		pack.indexVersion
-		pack.packSizeLimit
-		pack.threads
-		pack.window
-		pack.windowMemory
-		pager.
-		pretty.
-		pull.octopus
-		pull.twohead
-		push.default
-		rebase.autosquash
-		rebase.stat
-		receive.autogc
-		receive.denyCurrentBranch
-		receive.denyDeleteCurrent
-		receive.denyDeletes
-		receive.denyNonFastForwards
-		receive.fsckObjects
-		receive.unpackLimit
-		receive.updateserverinfo
-		remote.pushdefault
-		remotes.
-		repack.usedeltabaseoffset
-		rerere.autoupdate
-		rerere.enabled
-		sendemail.
-		sendemail.aliasesfile
-		sendemail.aliasfiletype
-		sendemail.bcc
-		sendemail.cc
-		sendemail.cccmd
-		sendemail.chainreplyto
-		sendemail.confirm
-		sendemail.envelopesender
-		sendemail.from
-		sendemail.identity
-		sendemail.multiedit
-		sendemail.signedoffbycc
-		sendemail.smtpdomain
-		sendemail.smtpencryption
-		sendemail.smtppass
-		sendemail.smtpserver
-		sendemail.smtpserveroption
-		sendemail.smtpserverport
-		sendemail.smtpuser
-		sendemail.suppresscc
-		sendemail.suppressfrom
-		sendemail.thread
-		sendemail.to
-		sendemail.validate
-		showbranch.default
-		status.relativePaths
-		status.showUntrackedFiles
-		status.submodulesummary
-		submodule.
-		tar.umask
-		transfer.unpackLimit
-		url.
-		user.email
-		user.name
-		user.signingkey
-		web.browser
-		branch. remote.
-	"
 }
 
 _git_remote ()
 {
-	local subcommands="add rename remove set-head set-branches set-url show prune update"
+	local subcommands="
+		add rename remove set-head set-branches
+		get-url set-url show prune update
+		"
 	local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")"
 	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
-		__gitcomp "$subcommands"
+		case "$cur" in
+		--*)
+			__gitcomp_builtin remote
+			;;
+		*)
+			__gitcomp "$subcommands"
+			;;
+		esac
 		return
 	fi
 
-	case "$subcommand" in
-	rename|remove|set-url|show|prune)
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_remotes)"
+	case "$subcommand,$cur" in
+	add,--*)
+		__gitcomp_builtin remote_add
+		;;
+	add,*)
+		;;
+	set-head,--*)
+		__gitcomp_builtin remote_set-head
+		;;
+	set-branches,--*)
+		__gitcomp_builtin remote_set-branches
 		;;
-	set-head|set-branches)
+	set-head,*|set-branches,*)
 		__git_complete_remote_or_refspec
 		;;
-	update)
-		local i c='' IFS=$'\n'
-		for i in $(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" config --get-regexp "remotes\..*" 2>/dev/null); do
-			i="${i#remotes.}"
-			c="$c ${i/ */}"
-		done
-		__gitcomp "$c"
+	update,--*)
+		__gitcomp_builtin remote_update
+		;;
+	update,*)
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes) $(__git_get_config_variables "remotes")"
+		;;
+	set-url,--*)
+		__gitcomp_builtin remote_set-url
+		;;
+	get-url,--*)
+		__gitcomp_builtin remote_get-url
+		;;
+	prune,--*)
+		__gitcomp_builtin remote_prune
 		;;
 	*)
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_remotes)"
 		;;
 	esac
 }
 
 _git_replace ()
 {
-	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp_builtin replace
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	__git_complete_refs
+}
+
+_git_rerere ()
+{
+	local subcommands="clear forget diff remaining status gc"
+	local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")"
+	if test -z "$subcommand"
+	then
+		__gitcomp "$subcommands"
+		return
+	fi
 }
 
 _git_reset ()
@@ -2282,29 +2434,37 @@ _git_reset ()
 
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--merge --mixed --hard --soft --patch"
+		__gitcomp_builtin reset
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
+	__git_complete_refs
 }
 
+__git_revert_inprogress_options="--continue --quit --abort"
+
 _git_revert ()
 {
+	__git_find_repo_path
+	if [ -f "$__git_repo_path"/REVERT_HEAD ]; then
+		__gitcomp "$__git_revert_inprogress_options"
+		return
+	fi
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--edit --mainline --no-edit --no-commit --signoff"
+		__gitcomp_builtin revert "" \
+			"$__git_revert_inprogress_options"
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
+	__git_complete_refs
 }
 
 _git_rm ()
 {
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--cached --dry-run --ignore-unmatch --quiet"
+		__gitcomp_builtin rm
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -2321,7 +2481,7 @@ _git_shortlog ()
 		__gitcomp "
 			$__git_log_common_options
 			$__git_log_shortlog_options
-			--numbered --summary
+			--numbered --summary --email
 			"
 		return
 		;;
@@ -2343,6 +2503,10 @@ _git_show ()
 		__gitcomp "$__git_diff_algorithms" "" "${cur##--diff-algorithm=}"
 		return
 		;;
+	--submodule=*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_diff_submodule_formats" "" "${cur##--submodule=}"
+		return
+		;;
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--pretty= --format= --abbrev-commit --oneline
 			--show-signature
@@ -2358,12 +2522,7 @@ _git_show_branch ()
 {
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			--all --remotes --topo-order --current --more=
-			--list --independent --merge-base --no-name
-			--color --no-color
-			--sha1-name --sparse --topics --reflog
-			"
+		__gitcomp_builtin show-branch
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -2372,14 +2531,22 @@ _git_show_branch ()
 
 _git_stash ()
 {
-	local save_opts='--keep-index --no-keep-index --quiet --patch'
-	local subcommands='save list show apply clear drop pop create branch'
-	local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")"
+	local save_opts='--all --keep-index --no-keep-index --quiet --patch --include-untracked'
+	local subcommands='push list show apply clear drop pop create branch'
+	local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands save")"
+	if [ -n "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "-p")" ]; then
+		subcommand="push"
+	fi
 	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
 		case "$cur" in
 		--*)
 			__gitcomp "$save_opts"
 			;;
+		sa*)
+			if [ -z "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$save_opts")" ]; then
+				__gitcomp "save"
+			fi
+			;;
 		*)
 			if [ -z "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$save_opts")" ]; then
 				__gitcomp "$subcommands"
@@ -2388,16 +2555,30 @@ _git_stash ()
 		esac
 	else
 		case "$subcommand,$cur" in
+		push,--*)
+			__gitcomp "$save_opts --message"
+			;;
 		save,--*)
 			__gitcomp "$save_opts"
 			;;
 		apply,--*|pop,--*)
 			__gitcomp "--index --quiet"
 			;;
-		show,--*|drop,--*|branch,--*)
+		drop,--*)
+			__gitcomp "--quiet"
+			;;
+		show,--*|branch,--*)
+			;;
+		branch,*)
+			if [ $cword -eq 3 ]; then
+				__git_complete_refs
+			else
+				__gitcomp_nl "$(__git stash list \
+						| sed -n -e 's/:.*//p')"
+			fi
 			;;
-		show,*|apply,*|drop,*|pop,*|branch,*)
-			__gitcomp_nl "$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" stash list \
+		show,*|apply,*|drop,*|pop,*)
+			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git stash list \
 					| sed -n -e 's/:.*//p')"
 			;;
 		*)
@@ -2411,10 +2592,11 @@ _git_submodule ()
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
 	local subcommands="add status init deinit update summary foreach sync"
-	if [ -z "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")" ]; then
+	local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")"
+	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
 		case "$cur" in
 		--*)
-			__gitcomp "--quiet --cached"
+			__gitcomp "--quiet"
 			;;
 		*)
 			__gitcomp "$subcommands"
@@ -2422,6 +2604,33 @@ _git_submodule ()
 		esac
 		return
 	fi
+
+	case "$subcommand,$cur" in
+	add,--*)
+		__gitcomp "--branch --force --name --reference --depth"
+		;;
+	status,--*)
+		__gitcomp "--cached --recursive"
+		;;
+	deinit,--*)
+		__gitcomp "--force --all"
+		;;
+	update,--*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			--init --remote --no-fetch
+			--recommend-shallow --no-recommend-shallow
+			--force --rebase --merge --reference --depth --recursive --jobs
+		"
+		;;
+	summary,--*)
+		__gitcomp "--cached --files --summary-limit"
+		;;
+	foreach,--*|sync,--*)
+		__gitcomp "--recursive"
+		;;
+	*)
+		;;
+	esac
 }
 
 _git_svn ()
@@ -2442,14 +2651,14 @@ _git_svn ()
 			--no-metadata --use-svm-props --use-svnsync-props
 			--log-window-size= --no-checkout --quiet
 			--repack-flags --use-log-author --localtime
+			--add-author-from
 			--ignore-paths= --include-paths= $remote_opts
 			"
 		local init_opts="
 			--template= --shared= --trunk= --tags=
 			--branches= --stdlayout --minimize-url
 			--no-metadata --use-svm-props --use-svnsync-props
-			--rewrite-root= --prefix= --use-log-author
-			--add-author-from $remote_opts
+			--rewrite-root= --prefix= $remote_opts
 			"
 		local cmt_opts="
 			--edit --rmdir --find-copies-harder --copy-similarity=
@@ -2528,8 +2737,8 @@ _git_tag ()
 	while [ $c -lt $cword ]; do
 		i="${words[c]}"
 		case "$i" in
-		-d|-v)
-			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_tags)"
+		-d|--delete|-v|--verify)
+			__gitcomp_direct "$(__git_tags "" "$cur" " ")"
 			return
 			;;
 		-f)
@@ -2544,21 +2753,17 @@ _git_tag ()
 		;;
 	-*|tag)
 		if [ $f = 1 ]; then
-			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_tags)"
+			__gitcomp_direct "$(__git_tags "" "$cur" " ")"
 		fi
 		;;
 	*)
-		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
+		__git_complete_refs
 		;;
 	esac
 
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			--list --delete --verify --annotate --message --file
-			--sign --cleanup --local-user --force --column --sort
-			--contains --points-at
-			"
+		__gitcomp_builtin tag
 		;;
 	esac
 }
@@ -2568,9 +2773,85 @@ _git_whatchanged ()
 	_git_log
 }
 
+_git_worktree ()
+{
+	local subcommands="add list lock move prune remove unlock"
+	local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")"
+	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
+		__gitcomp "$subcommands"
+	else
+		case "$subcommand,$cur" in
+		add,--*)
+			__gitcomp_builtin worktree_add
+			;;
+		list,--*)
+			__gitcomp_builtin worktree_list
+			;;
+		lock,--*)
+			__gitcomp_builtin worktree_lock
+			;;
+		prune,--*)
+			__gitcomp_builtin worktree_prune
+			;;
+		remove,--*)
+			__gitcomp "--force"
+			;;
+		*)
+			;;
+		esac
+	fi
+}
+
+__git_complete_common () {
+	local command="$1"
+
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp_builtin "$command"
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+__git_cmds_with_parseopt_helper=
+__git_support_parseopt_helper () {
+	test -n "$__git_cmds_with_parseopt_helper" ||
+		__git_cmds_with_parseopt_helper="$(__git --list-cmds=parseopt)"
+
+	case " $__git_cmds_with_parseopt_helper " in
+	*" $1 "*)
+		return 0
+		;;
+	*)
+		return 1
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+__git_complete_command () {
+	local command="$1"
+	local completion_func="_git_${command//-/_}"
+	if ! declare -f $completion_func >/dev/null 2>/dev/null &&
+		declare -f _completion_loader >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
+	then
+		_completion_loader "git-$command"
+	fi
+	if declare -f $completion_func >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
+	then
+		$completion_func
+		return 0
+	elif __git_support_parseopt_helper "$command"
+	then
+		__git_complete_common "$command"
+		return 0
+	else
+		return 1
+	fi
+}
+
 __git_main ()
 {
-	local i c=1 command __git_dir
+	local i c=1 command __git_dir __git_repo_path
+	local __git_C_args C_args_count=0
 
 	while [ $c -lt $cword ]; do
 		i="${words[c]}"
@@ -2580,6 +2861,10 @@ __git_main ()
 		--bare)      __git_dir="." ;;
 		--help) command="help"; break ;;
 		-c|--work-tree|--namespace) ((c++)) ;;
+		-C)	__git_C_args[C_args_count++]=-C
+			((c++))
+			__git_C_args[C_args_count++]="${words[c]}"
+			;;
 		-*) ;;
 		*) command="$i"; break ;;
 		esac
@@ -2587,6 +2872,17 @@ __git_main ()
 	done
 
 	if [ -z "$command" ]; then
+		case "$prev" in
+		--git-dir|-C|--work-tree)
+			# these need a path argument, let's fall back to
+			# Bash filename completion
+			return
+			;;
+		-c|--namespace)
+			# we don't support completing these options' arguments
+			return
+			;;
+		esac
 		case "$cur" in
 		--*)   __gitcomp "
 			--paginate
@@ -2605,20 +2901,24 @@ __git_main ()
 			--help
 			"
 			;;
-		*)     __git_compute_porcelain_commands
-		       __gitcomp "$__git_porcelain_commands $(__git_aliases)" ;;
+		*)
+			if test -n "$GIT_TESTING_PORCELAIN_COMMAND_LIST"
+			then
+				__gitcomp "$GIT_TESTING_PORCELAIN_COMMAND_LIST"
+			else
+				__gitcomp "$(git --list-cmds=list-mainporcelain,others,nohelpers,alias,list-complete,config)"
+			fi
+			;;
 		esac
 		return
 	fi
 
-	local completion_func="_git_${command//-/_}"
-	declare -f $completion_func >/dev/null && $completion_func && return
+	__git_complete_command "$command" && return
 
 	local expansion=$(__git_aliased_command "$command")
 	if [ -n "$expansion" ]; then
 		words[1]=$expansion
-		completion_func="_git_${expansion//-/_}"
-		declare -f $completion_func >/dev/null && $completion_func
+		__git_complete_command "$expansion"
 	fi
 }
 
@@ -2626,9 +2926,11 @@ __gitk_main ()
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	local g="$(__gitdir)"
+	local __git_repo_path
+	__git_find_repo_path
+
 	local merge=""
-	if [ -f "$g/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then
+	if [ -f "$__git_repo_path/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then
 		merge="--merge"
 	fi
 	case "$cur" in
@@ -2644,7 +2946,10 @@ __gitk_main ()
 	__git_complete_revlist
 }
 
-if [[ -n ${ZSH_VERSION-} ]]; then
+if [[ -n ${ZSH_VERSION-} ]] &&
+   # Don't define these functions when sourced from 'git-completion.zsh',
+   # it has its own implementations.
+   [[ -z ${GIT_SOURCING_ZSH_COMPLETION-} ]]; then
 	echo "WARNING: this script is deprecated, please see git-completion.zsh" 1>&2
 
 	autoload -U +X compinit && compinit
@@ -2675,6 +2980,15 @@ if [[ -n ${ZSH_VERSION-} ]]; then
 		esac
 	}
 
+	__gitcomp_direct ()
+	{
+		emulate -L zsh
+
+		local IFS=$'\n'
+		compset -P '*[=:]'
+		compadd -Q -- ${=1} && _ret=0
+	}
+
 	__gitcomp_nl ()
 	{
 		emulate -L zsh
@@ -2684,6 +2998,15 @@ if [[ -n ${ZSH_VERSION-} ]]; then
 		compadd -Q -S "${4- }" -p "${2-}" -- ${=1} && _ret=0
 	}
 
+	__gitcomp_file_direct ()
+	{
+		emulate -L zsh
+
+		local IFS=$'\n'
+		compset -P '*[=:]'
+		compadd -Q -f -- ${=1} && _ret=0
+	}
+
 	__gitcomp_file ()
 	{
 		emulate -L zsh
diff --git a/contrib/completion/git-completion.tcsh b/contrib/completion/git-completion.tcsh
index 6104a42a23..4a790d8f4e 100644
--- a/contrib/completion/git-completion.tcsh
+++ b/contrib/completion/git-completion.tcsh
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ if ( ! -e ${__git_tcsh_completion_original_script} ) then
 	exit
 endif
 
-cat << EOF > ${__git_tcsh_completion_script}
+cat << EOF >! ${__git_tcsh_completion_script}
 #!bash
 #
 # This script is GENERATED and will be overwritten automatically.
diff --git a/contrib/completion/git-completion.zsh b/contrib/completion/git-completion.zsh
index e25541308a..049d6b80f6 100644
--- a/contrib/completion/git-completion.zsh
+++ b/contrib/completion/git-completion.zsh
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ if [ -z "$script" ]; then
 		test -f $e && script="$e" && break
 	done
 fi
-ZSH_VERSION='' . "$script"
+GIT_SOURCING_ZSH_COMPLETION=y . "$script"
 
 __gitcomp ()
 {
@@ -67,6 +67,15 @@ __gitcomp ()
 	esac
 }
 
+__gitcomp_direct ()
+{
+	emulate -L zsh
+
+	local IFS=$'\n'
+	compset -P '*[=:]'
+	compadd -Q -- ${=1} && _ret=0
+}
+
 __gitcomp_nl ()
 {
 	emulate -L zsh
@@ -84,6 +93,15 @@ __gitcomp_nl_append ()
 	compadd -Q -S "${4- }" -p "${2-}" -- ${=1} && _ret=0
 }
 
+__gitcomp_file_direct ()
+{
+	emulate -L zsh
+
+	local IFS=$'\n'
+	compset -P '*[=:]'
+	compadd -Q -f -- ${=1} && _ret=0
+}
+
 __gitcomp_file ()
 {
 	emulate -L zsh
diff --git a/contrib/completion/git-prompt.sh b/contrib/completion/git-prompt.sh
index 214e859f99..983e419d2b 100644
--- a/contrib/completion/git-prompt.sh
+++ b/contrib/completion/git-prompt.sh
@@ -66,6 +66,10 @@
 #     git           always compare HEAD to @{upstream}
 #     svn           always compare HEAD to your SVN upstream
 #
+# You can change the separator between the branch name and the above
+# state symbols by setting GIT_PS1_STATESEPARATOR. The default separator
+# is SP.
+#
 # By default, __git_ps1 will compare HEAD to your SVN upstream if it can
 # find one, or @{upstream} otherwise.  Once you have set
 # GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM, you can override it on a per-repository basis by
@@ -78,6 +82,7 @@
 #     contains      relative to newer annotated tag (v1.6.3.2~35)
 #     branch        relative to newer tag or branch (master~4)
 #     describe      relative to older annotated tag (v1.6.3.1-13-gdd42c2f)
+#     tag           relative to any older tag (v1.6.3.1-13-gdd42c2f)
 #     default       exactly matching tag
 #
 # If you would like a colored hint about the current dirty state, set
@@ -273,11 +278,12 @@ __git_ps1_colorize_gitstring ()
 	r="$c_clear$r"
 }
 
+# Helper function to read the first line of a file into a variable.
+# __git_eread requires 2 arguments, the file path and the name of the
+# variable, in that order.
 __git_eread ()
 {
-	local f="$1"
-	shift
-	test -r "$f" && read "$@" <"$f"
+	test -r "$1" && IFS=$'\r\n' read "$2" <"$1"
 }
 
 # __git_ps1 accepts 0 or 1 arguments (i.e., format string)
@@ -351,8 +357,8 @@ __git_ps1 ()
 	# incorrect.)
 	#
 	local ps1_expanded=yes
-	[ -z "$ZSH_VERSION" ] || [[ -o PROMPT_SUBST ]] || ps1_expanded=no
-	[ -z "$BASH_VERSION" ] || shopt -q promptvars || ps1_expanded=no
+	[ -z "${ZSH_VERSION-}" ] || [[ -o PROMPT_SUBST ]] || ps1_expanded=no
+	[ -z "${BASH_VERSION-}" ] || shopt -q promptvars || ps1_expanded=no
 
 	local repo_info rev_parse_exit_code
 	repo_info="$(git rev-parse --git-dir --is-inside-git-dir \
@@ -364,7 +370,7 @@ __git_ps1 ()
 		return $exit
 	fi
 
-	local short_sha
+	local short_sha=""
 	if [ "$rev_parse_exit_code" = "0" ]; then
 		short_sha="${repo_info##*$'\n'}"
 		repo_info="${repo_info%$'\n'*}"
@@ -439,6 +445,8 @@ __git_ps1 ()
 					git describe --contains HEAD ;;
 				(branch)
 					git describe --contains --all HEAD ;;
+				(tag)
+					git describe --tags HEAD ;;
 				(describe)
 					git describe HEAD ;;
 				(* | default)
@@ -472,10 +480,9 @@ __git_ps1 ()
 		if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE-}" ] &&
 		   [ "$(git config --bool bash.showDirtyState)" != "false" ]
 		then
-			git diff --no-ext-diff --quiet --exit-code || w="*"
-			if [ -n "$short_sha" ]; then
-				git diff-index --cached --quiet HEAD -- || i="+"
-			else
+			git diff --no-ext-diff --quiet || w="*"
+			git diff --no-ext-diff --cached --quiet || i="+"
+			if [ -z "$short_sha" ] && [ -z "$i" ]; then
 				i="#"
 			fi
 		fi
@@ -487,7 +494,7 @@ __git_ps1 ()
 
 		if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES-}" ] &&
 		   [ "$(git config --bool bash.showUntrackedFiles)" != "false" ] &&
-		   git ls-files --others --exclude-standard --error-unmatch -- '*' >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
+		   git ls-files --others --exclude-standard --directory --no-empty-directory --error-unmatch -- ':/*' >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
 		then
 			u="%${ZSH_VERSION+%}"
 		fi
diff --git a/contrib/contacts/git-contacts b/contrib/contacts/git-contacts
index dbe2abf277..85ad732fc0 100755
--- a/contrib/contacts/git-contacts
+++ b/contrib/contacts/git-contacts
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use IPC::Open2;
 
 my $since = '5-years-ago';
 my $min_percent = 10;
-my $labels_rx = qr/Signed-off-by|Reviewed-by|Acked-by|Cc/i;
+my $labels_rx = qr/Signed-off-by|Reviewed-by|Acked-by|Cc|Reported-by/i;
 my %seen;
 
 sub format_contact {
diff --git a/contrib/convert-grafts-to-replace-refs.sh b/contrib/convert-grafts-to-replace-refs.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 0cbc917b8c..0000000000
--- a/contrib/convert-grafts-to-replace-refs.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-# You should execute this script in the repository where you
-# want to convert grafts to replace refs.
-
-GRAFTS_FILE="${GIT_DIR:-.git}/info/grafts"
-
-. $(git --exec-path)/git-sh-setup
-
-test -f "$GRAFTS_FILE" || die "Could not find graft file: '$GRAFTS_FILE'"
-
-grep '^[^# ]' "$GRAFTS_FILE" |
-while read definition
-do
-	if test -n "$definition"
-	then
-		echo "Converting: $definition"
-		git replace --graft $definition ||
-			die "Conversion failed for: $definition"
-	fi
-done
-
-mv "$GRAFTS_FILE" "$GRAFTS_FILE.bak" ||
-	die "Could not rename '$GRAFTS_FILE' to '$GRAFTS_FILE.bak'"
-
-echo "Success!"
-echo "All the grafts in '$GRAFTS_FILE' have been converted to replace refs!"
-echo "The grafts file '$GRAFTS_FILE' has been renamed: '$GRAFTS_FILE.bak'"
diff --git a/contrib/convert-objects/convert-objects.c b/contrib/convert-objects/convert-objects.c
deleted file mode 100644
index f3b57bf1d2..0000000000
--- a/contrib/convert-objects/convert-objects.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,329 +0,0 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "blob.h"
-#include "commit.h"
-#include "tree.h"
-
-struct entry {
-	unsigned char old_sha1[20];
-	unsigned char new_sha1[20];
-	int converted;
-};
-
-#define MAXOBJECTS (1000000)
-
-static struct entry *convert[MAXOBJECTS];
-static int nr_convert;
-
-static struct entry * convert_entry(unsigned char *sha1);
-
-static struct entry *insert_new(unsigned char *sha1, int pos)
-{
-	struct entry *new = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct entry));
-	hashcpy(new->old_sha1, sha1);
-	memmove(convert + pos + 1, convert + pos, (nr_convert - pos) * sizeof(struct entry *));
-	convert[pos] = new;
-	nr_convert++;
-	if (nr_convert == MAXOBJECTS)
-		die("you're kidding me - hit maximum object limit");
-	return new;
-}
-
-static struct entry *lookup_entry(unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	int low = 0, high = nr_convert;
-
-	while (low < high) {
-		int next = (low + high) / 2;
-		struct entry *n = convert[next];
-		int cmp = hashcmp(sha1, n->old_sha1);
-		if (!cmp)
-			return n;
-		if (cmp < 0) {
-			high = next;
-			continue;
-		}
-		low = next+1;
-	}
-	return insert_new(sha1, low);
-}
-
-static void convert_binary_sha1(void *buffer)
-{
-	struct entry *entry = convert_entry(buffer);
-	hashcpy(buffer, entry->new_sha1);
-}
-
-static void convert_ascii_sha1(void *buffer)
-{
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	struct entry *entry;
-
-	if (get_sha1_hex(buffer, sha1))
-		die("expected sha1, got '%s'", (char *) buffer);
-	entry = convert_entry(sha1);
-	memcpy(buffer, sha1_to_hex(entry->new_sha1), 40);
-}
-
-static unsigned int convert_mode(unsigned int mode)
-{
-	unsigned int newmode;
-
-	newmode = mode & S_IFMT;
-	if (S_ISREG(mode))
-		newmode |= (mode & 0100) ? 0755 : 0644;
-	return newmode;
-}
-
-static int write_subdirectory(void *buffer, unsigned long size, const char *base, int baselen, unsigned char *result_sha1)
-{
-	char *new = xmalloc(size);
-	unsigned long newlen = 0;
-	unsigned long used;
-
-	used = 0;
-	while (size) {
-		int len = 21 + strlen(buffer);
-		char *path = strchr(buffer, ' ');
-		unsigned char *sha1;
-		unsigned int mode;
-		char *slash, *origpath;
-
-		if (!path || strtoul_ui(buffer, 8, &mode))
-			die("bad tree conversion");
-		mode = convert_mode(mode);
-		path++;
-		if (memcmp(path, base, baselen))
-			break;
-		origpath = path;
-		path += baselen;
-		slash = strchr(path, '/');
-		if (!slash) {
-			newlen += sprintf(new + newlen, "%o %s", mode, path);
-			new[newlen++] = '\0';
-			hashcpy((unsigned char *)new + newlen, (unsigned char *) buffer + len - 20);
-			newlen += 20;
-
-			used += len;
-			size -= len;
-			buffer = (char *) buffer + len;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		newlen += sprintf(new + newlen, "%o %.*s", S_IFDIR, (int)(slash - path), path);
-		new[newlen++] = 0;
-		sha1 = (unsigned char *)(new + newlen);
-		newlen += 20;
-
-		len = write_subdirectory(buffer, size, origpath, slash-origpath+1, sha1);
-
-		used += len;
-		size -= len;
-		buffer = (char *) buffer + len;
-	}
-
-	write_sha1_file(new, newlen, tree_type, result_sha1);
-	free(new);
-	return used;
-}
-
-static void convert_tree(void *buffer, unsigned long size, unsigned char *result_sha1)
-{
-	void *orig_buffer = buffer;
-	unsigned long orig_size = size;
-
-	while (size) {
-		size_t len = 1+strlen(buffer);
-
-		convert_binary_sha1((char *) buffer + len);
-
-		len += 20;
-		if (len > size)
-			die("corrupt tree object");
-		size -= len;
-		buffer = (char *) buffer + len;
-	}
-
-	write_subdirectory(orig_buffer, orig_size, "", 0, result_sha1);
-}
-
-static unsigned long parse_oldstyle_date(const char *buf)
-{
-	char c, *p;
-	char buffer[100];
-	struct tm tm;
-	const char *formats[] = {
-		"%c",
-		"%a %b %d %T",
-		"%Z",
-		"%Y",
-		" %Y",
-		NULL
-	};
-	/* We only ever did two timezones in the bad old format .. */
-	const char *timezones[] = {
-		"PDT", "PST", "CEST", NULL
-	};
-	const char **fmt = formats;
-
-	p = buffer;
-	while (isspace(c = *buf))
-		buf++;
-	while ((c = *buf++) != '\n')
-		*p++ = c;
-	*p++ = 0;
-	buf = buffer;
-	memset(&tm, 0, sizeof(tm));
-	do {
-		const char *next = strptime(buf, *fmt, &tm);
-		if (next) {
-			if (!*next)
-				return mktime(&tm);
-			buf = next;
-		} else {
-			const char **p = timezones;
-			while (isspace(*buf))
-				buf++;
-			while (*p) {
-				if (!memcmp(buf, *p, strlen(*p))) {
-					buf += strlen(*p);
-					break;
-				}
-				p++;
-			}
-		}
-		fmt++;
-	} while (*buf && *fmt);
-	printf("left: %s\n", buf);
-	return mktime(&tm);
-}
-
-static int convert_date_line(char *dst, void **buf, unsigned long *sp)
-{
-	unsigned long size = *sp;
-	char *line = *buf;
-	char *next = strchr(line, '\n');
-	char *date = strchr(line, '>');
-	int len;
-
-	if (!next || !date)
-		die("missing or bad author/committer line %s", line);
-	next++; date += 2;
-
-	*buf = next;
-	*sp = size - (next - line);
-
-	len = date - line;
-	memcpy(dst, line, len);
-	dst += len;
-
-	/* Is it already in new format? */
-	if (isdigit(*date)) {
-		int datelen = next - date;
-		memcpy(dst, date, datelen);
-		return len + datelen;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Hacky hacky: one of the sparse old-style commits does not have
-	 * any date at all, but we can fake it by using the committer date.
-	 */
-	if (*date == '\n' && strchr(next, '>'))
-		date = strchr(next, '>')+2;
-
-	return len + sprintf(dst, "%lu -0700\n", parse_oldstyle_date(date));
-}
-
-static void convert_date(void *buffer, unsigned long size, unsigned char *result_sha1)
-{
-	char *new = xmalloc(size + 100);
-	unsigned long newlen = 0;
-
-	/* "tree <sha1>\n" */
-	memcpy(new + newlen, buffer, 46);
-	newlen += 46;
-	buffer = (char *) buffer + 46;
-	size -= 46;
-
-	/* "parent <sha1>\n" */
-	while (!memcmp(buffer, "parent ", 7)) {
-		memcpy(new + newlen, buffer, 48);
-		newlen += 48;
-		buffer = (char *) buffer + 48;
-		size -= 48;
-	}
-
-	/* "author xyz <xyz> date" */
-	newlen += convert_date_line(new + newlen, &buffer, &size);
-	/* "committer xyz <xyz> date" */
-	newlen += convert_date_line(new + newlen, &buffer, &size);
-
-	/* Rest */
-	memcpy(new + newlen, buffer, size);
-	newlen += size;
-
-	write_sha1_file(new, newlen, commit_type, result_sha1);
-	free(new);
-}
-
-static void convert_commit(void *buffer, unsigned long size, unsigned char *result_sha1)
-{
-	void *orig_buffer = buffer;
-	unsigned long orig_size = size;
-
-	if (memcmp(buffer, "tree ", 5))
-		die("Bad commit '%s'", (char *) buffer);
-	convert_ascii_sha1((char *) buffer + 5);
-	buffer = (char *) buffer + 46;    /* "tree " + "hex sha1" + "\n" */
-	while (!memcmp(buffer, "parent ", 7)) {
-		convert_ascii_sha1((char *) buffer + 7);
-		buffer = (char *) buffer + 48;
-	}
-	convert_date(orig_buffer, orig_size, result_sha1);
-}
-
-static struct entry * convert_entry(unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct entry *entry = lookup_entry(sha1);
-	enum object_type type;
-	void *buffer, *data;
-	unsigned long size;
-
-	if (entry->converted)
-		return entry;
-	data = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
-	if (!data)
-		die("unable to read object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-
-	buffer = xmalloc(size);
-	memcpy(buffer, data, size);
-
-	if (type == OBJ_BLOB) {
-		write_sha1_file(buffer, size, blob_type, entry->new_sha1);
-	} else if (type == OBJ_TREE)
-		convert_tree(buffer, size, entry->new_sha1);
-	else if (type == OBJ_COMMIT)
-		convert_commit(buffer, size, entry->new_sha1);
-	else
-		die("unknown object type %d in %s", type, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	entry->converted = 1;
-	free(buffer);
-	free(data);
-	return entry;
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	struct entry *entry;
-
-	setup_git_directory();
-
-	if (argc != 2)
-		usage("git-convert-objects <sha1>");
-	if (get_sha1(argv[1], sha1))
-		die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[1]);
-
-	entry = convert_entry(sha1);
-	printf("new sha1: %s\n", sha1_to_hex(entry->new_sha1));
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/contrib/convert-objects/git-convert-objects.txt b/contrib/convert-objects/git-convert-objects.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index f871880cfb..0000000000
--- a/contrib/convert-objects/git-convert-objects.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-git-convert-objects(1)
-======================
-
-NAME
-----
-git-convert-objects - Converts old-style git repository
-
-
-SYNOPSIS
---------
-[verse]
-'git-convert-objects'
-
-DESCRIPTION
------------
-Converts old-style git repository to the latest format
-
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
-GIT
----
-Part of the linkgit:git[7] suite
diff --git a/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/Makefile b/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/Makefile
index c3c7c98aa1..22c19df94b 100644
--- a/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/Makefile
+++ b/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/Makefile
@@ -4,12 +4,13 @@ all:: $(MAIN)
 CC = gcc
 RM = rm -f
 CFLAGS = -g -O2 -Wall
+PKG_CONFIG = pkg-config
 
 -include ../../../config.mak.autogen
 -include ../../../config.mak
 
-INCS:=$(shell pkg-config --cflags gnome-keyring-1 glib-2.0)
-LIBS:=$(shell pkg-config --libs gnome-keyring-1 glib-2.0)
+INCS:=$(shell $(PKG_CONFIG) --cflags gnome-keyring-1 glib-2.0)
+LIBS:=$(shell $(PKG_CONFIG) --libs gnome-keyring-1 glib-2.0)
 
 SRCS:=$(MAIN).c
 OBJS:=$(SRCS:.c=.o)
diff --git a/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/git-credential-gnome-keyring.c b/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/git-credential-gnome-keyring.c
index 2a317fca44..d389bfadce 100644
--- a/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/git-credential-gnome-keyring.c
+++ b/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/git-credential-gnome-keyring.c
@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@
  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
 /*
diff --git a/contrib/credential/libsecret/Makefile b/contrib/credential/libsecret/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3e67552cc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/libsecret/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+MAIN:=git-credential-libsecret
+all:: $(MAIN)
+
+CC = gcc
+RM = rm -f
+CFLAGS = -g -O2 -Wall
+PKG_CONFIG = pkg-config
+
+-include ../../../config.mak.autogen
+-include ../../../config.mak
+
+INCS:=$(shell $(PKG_CONFIG) --cflags libsecret-1 glib-2.0)
+LIBS:=$(shell $(PKG_CONFIG) --libs libsecret-1 glib-2.0)
+
+SRCS:=$(MAIN).c
+OBJS:=$(SRCS:.c=.o)
+
+%.o: %.c
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(INCS) -o $@ -c $<
+
+$(MAIN): $(OBJS)
+	$(CC) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) $^ $(LIBS)
+
+clean:
+	@$(RM) $(MAIN) $(OBJS)
diff --git a/contrib/credential/libsecret/git-credential-libsecret.c b/contrib/credential/libsecret/git-credential-libsecret.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e6598b6383
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/libsecret/git-credential-libsecret.c
@@ -0,0 +1,369 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2011 John Szakmeister <john@szakmeister.net>
+ *               2012 Philipp A. Hartmann <pah@qo.cx>
+ *               2016 Mantas MikulÄ—nas <grawity@gmail.com>
+ *
+ *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Credits:
+ * - GNOME Keyring API handling originally written by John Szakmeister
+ * - ported to credential helper API by Philipp A. Hartmann
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <glib.h>
+#include <libsecret/secret.h>
+
+/*
+ * This credential struct and API is simplified from git's credential.{h,c}
+ */
+struct credential {
+	char *protocol;
+	char *host;
+	unsigned short port;
+	char *path;
+	char *username;
+	char *password;
+};
+
+#define CREDENTIAL_INIT { NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL }
+
+typedef int (*credential_op_cb)(struct credential *);
+
+struct credential_operation {
+	char *name;
+	credential_op_cb op;
+};
+
+#define CREDENTIAL_OP_END { NULL, NULL }
+
+/* ----------------- Secret Service functions ----------------- */
+
+static char *make_label(struct credential *c)
+{
+	if (c->port)
+		return g_strdup_printf("Git: %s://%s:%hu/%s",
+					c->protocol, c->host, c->port, c->path ? c->path : "");
+	else
+		return g_strdup_printf("Git: %s://%s/%s",
+					c->protocol, c->host, c->path ? c->path : "");
+}
+
+static GHashTable *make_attr_list(struct credential *c)
+{
+	GHashTable *al = g_hash_table_new_full(g_str_hash, g_str_equal, NULL, g_free);
+
+	if (c->username)
+		g_hash_table_insert(al, "user", g_strdup(c->username));
+	if (c->protocol)
+		g_hash_table_insert(al, "protocol", g_strdup(c->protocol));
+	if (c->host)
+		g_hash_table_insert(al, "server", g_strdup(c->host));
+	if (c->port)
+		g_hash_table_insert(al, "port", g_strdup_printf("%hu", c->port));
+	if (c->path)
+		g_hash_table_insert(al, "object", g_strdup(c->path));
+
+	return al;
+}
+
+static int keyring_get(struct credential *c)
+{
+	SecretService *service = NULL;
+	GHashTable *attributes = NULL;
+	GError *error = NULL;
+	GList *items = NULL;
+
+	if (!c->protocol || !(c->host || c->path))
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+
+	service = secret_service_get_sync(0, NULL, &error);
+	if (error != NULL) {
+		g_critical("could not connect to Secret Service: %s", error->message);
+		g_error_free(error);
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+	}
+
+	attributes = make_attr_list(c);
+	items = secret_service_search_sync(service,
+					   SECRET_SCHEMA_COMPAT_NETWORK,
+					   attributes,
+					   SECRET_SEARCH_LOAD_SECRETS | SECRET_SEARCH_UNLOCK,
+					   NULL,
+					   &error);
+	g_hash_table_unref(attributes);
+	if (error != NULL) {
+		g_critical("lookup failed: %s", error->message);
+		g_error_free(error);
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+	}
+
+	if (items != NULL) {
+		SecretItem *item;
+		SecretValue *secret;
+		const char *s;
+
+		item = items->data;
+		secret = secret_item_get_secret(item);
+		attributes = secret_item_get_attributes(item);
+
+		s = g_hash_table_lookup(attributes, "user");
+		if (s) {
+			g_free(c->username);
+			c->username = g_strdup(s);
+		}
+
+		s = secret_value_get_text(secret);
+		if (s) {
+			g_free(c->password);
+			c->password = g_strdup(s);
+		}
+
+		g_hash_table_unref(attributes);
+		secret_value_unref(secret);
+		g_list_free_full(items, g_object_unref);
+	}
+
+	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+static int keyring_store(struct credential *c)
+{
+	char *label = NULL;
+	GHashTable *attributes = NULL;
+	GError *error = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Sanity check that what we are storing is actually sensible.
+	 * In particular, we can't make a URL without a protocol field.
+	 * Without either a host or pathname (depending on the scheme),
+	 * we have no primary key. And without a username and password,
+	 * we are not actually storing a credential.
+	 */
+	if (!c->protocol || !(c->host || c->path) ||
+	    !c->username || !c->password)
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+
+	label = make_label(c);
+	attributes = make_attr_list(c);
+	secret_password_storev_sync(SECRET_SCHEMA_COMPAT_NETWORK,
+				    attributes,
+				    NULL,
+				    label,
+				    c->password,
+				    NULL,
+				    &error);
+	g_free(label);
+	g_hash_table_unref(attributes);
+
+	if (error != NULL) {
+		g_critical("store failed: %s", error->message);
+		g_error_free(error);
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+	}
+
+	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static int keyring_erase(struct credential *c)
+{
+	GHashTable *attributes = NULL;
+	GError *error = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Sanity check that we actually have something to match
+	 * against. The input we get is a restrictive pattern,
+	 * so technically a blank credential means "erase everything".
+	 * But it is too easy to accidentally send this, since it is equivalent
+	 * to empty input. So explicitly disallow it, and require that the
+	 * pattern have some actual content to match.
+	 */
+	if (!c->protocol && !c->host && !c->path && !c->username)
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+
+	attributes = make_attr_list(c);
+	secret_password_clearv_sync(SECRET_SCHEMA_COMPAT_NETWORK,
+				    attributes,
+				    NULL,
+				    &error);
+	g_hash_table_unref(attributes);
+
+	if (error != NULL) {
+		g_critical("erase failed: %s", error->message);
+		g_error_free(error);
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+	}
+
+	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Table with helper operation callbacks, used by generic
+ * credential helper main function.
+ */
+static struct credential_operation const credential_helper_ops[] = {
+	{ "get",   keyring_get },
+	{ "store", keyring_store },
+	{ "erase", keyring_erase },
+	CREDENTIAL_OP_END
+};
+
+/* ------------------ credential functions ------------------ */
+
+static void credential_init(struct credential *c)
+{
+	memset(c, 0, sizeof(*c));
+}
+
+static void credential_clear(struct credential *c)
+{
+	g_free(c->protocol);
+	g_free(c->host);
+	g_free(c->path);
+	g_free(c->username);
+	g_free(c->password);
+
+	credential_init(c);
+}
+
+static int credential_read(struct credential *c)
+{
+	char *buf;
+	size_t line_len;
+	char *key;
+	char *value;
+
+	key = buf = g_malloc(1024);
+
+	while (fgets(buf, 1024, stdin)) {
+		line_len = strlen(buf);
+
+		if (line_len && buf[line_len-1] == '\n')
+			buf[--line_len] = '\0';
+
+		if (!line_len)
+			break;
+
+		value = strchr(buf, '=');
+		if (!value) {
+			g_warning("invalid credential line: %s", key);
+			g_free(buf);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		*value++ = '\0';
+
+		if (!strcmp(key, "protocol")) {
+			g_free(c->protocol);
+			c->protocol = g_strdup(value);
+		} else if (!strcmp(key, "host")) {
+			g_free(c->host);
+			c->host = g_strdup(value);
+			value = strrchr(c->host, ':');
+			if (value) {
+				*value++ = '\0';
+				c->port = atoi(value);
+			}
+		} else if (!strcmp(key, "path")) {
+			g_free(c->path);
+			c->path = g_strdup(value);
+		} else if (!strcmp(key, "username")) {
+			g_free(c->username);
+			c->username = g_strdup(value);
+		} else if (!strcmp(key, "password")) {
+			g_free(c->password);
+			c->password = g_strdup(value);
+			while (*value)
+				*value++ = '\0';
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Ignore other lines; we don't know what they mean, but
+		 * this future-proofs us when later versions of git do
+		 * learn new lines, and the helpers are updated to match.
+		 */
+	}
+
+	g_free(buf);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void credential_write_item(FILE *fp, const char *key, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!value)
+		return;
+	fprintf(fp, "%s=%s\n", key, value);
+}
+
+static void credential_write(const struct credential *c)
+{
+	/* only write username/password, if set */
+	credential_write_item(stdout, "username", c->username);
+	credential_write_item(stdout, "password", c->password);
+}
+
+static void usage(const char *name)
+{
+	struct credential_operation const *try_op = credential_helper_ops;
+	const char *basename = strrchr(name, '/');
+
+	basename = (basename) ? basename + 1 : name;
+	fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s <", basename);
+	while (try_op->name) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s", (try_op++)->name);
+		if (try_op->name)
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s", "|");
+	}
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s", ">\n");
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	int ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
+
+	struct credential_operation const *try_op = credential_helper_ops;
+	struct credential cred = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
+
+	if (!argv[1]) {
+		usage(argv[0]);
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	g_set_application_name("Git Credential Helper");
+
+	/* lookup operation callback */
+	while (try_op->name && strcmp(argv[1], try_op->name))
+		try_op++;
+
+	/* unsupported operation given -- ignore silently */
+	if (!try_op->name || !try_op->op)
+		goto out;
+
+	ret = credential_read(&cred);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out;
+
+	/* perform credential operation */
+	ret = (*try_op->op)(&cred);
+
+	credential_write(&cred);
+
+out:
+	credential_clear(&cred);
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/contrib/credential/netrc/Makefile b/contrib/credential/netrc/Makefile
index 51b76138a5..6174e3bb83 100644
--- a/contrib/credential/netrc/Makefile
+++ b/contrib/credential/netrc/Makefile
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
+# The default target of this Makefile is...
+all::
+
 test:
-	./test.pl
+	./t-git-credential-netrc.sh
 
 testverbose:
-	./test.pl -d -v
+	./t-git-credential-netrc.sh -d -v
diff --git a/contrib/credential/netrc/git-credential-netrc b/contrib/credential/netrc/git-credential-netrc
index 1571a7b269..ebfc123ec6 100755
--- a/contrib/credential/netrc/git-credential-netrc
+++ b/contrib/credential/netrc/git-credential-netrc
@@ -5,8 +5,9 @@ use warnings;
 
 use Getopt::Long;
 use File::Basename;
+use Git;
 
-my $VERSION = "0.1";
+my $VERSION = "0.2";
 
 my %options = (
 	       help => 0,
@@ -54,6 +55,7 @@ GetOptions(\%options,
            "insecure|k",
            "verbose|v",
            "file|f=s@",
+           'gpg|g:s',
           );
 
 if ($options{help}) {
@@ -62,27 +64,31 @@ if ($options{help}) {
 
 	print <<EOHIPPUS;
 
-$0 [-f AUTHFILE1] [-f AUTHFILEN] [-d] [-v] [-k] get
+$0 [(-f <authfile>)...] [-g <program>] [-d] [-v] [-k] get
 
 Version $VERSION by tzz\@lifelogs.com.  License: BSD.
 
 Options:
 
-  -f|--file AUTHFILE : specify netrc-style files.  Files with the .gpg extension
-                       will be decrypted by GPG before parsing.  Multiple -f
-                       arguments are OK.  They are processed in order, and the
-                       first matching entry found is returned via the credential
-                       helper protocol (see below).
+  -f|--file <authfile>: specify netrc-style files.  Files with the .gpg
+                        extension will be decrypted by GPG before parsing.
+                        Multiple -f arguments are OK.  They are processed in
+                        order, and the first matching entry found is returned
+                        via the credential helper protocol (see below).
 
-                       When no -f option is given, .authinfo.gpg, .netrc.gpg,
-		       .authinfo, and .netrc files in your home directory are used
-		       in this order.
+                        When no -f option is given, .authinfo.gpg, .netrc.gpg,
+                        .authinfo, and .netrc files in your home directory are
+                        used in this order.
 
-  -k|--insecure      : ignore bad file ownership or permissions
+  -g|--gpg <program>  : specify the program for GPG. By default, this is the
+                        value of gpg.program in the git repository or global
+                        option or gpg.
 
-  -d|--debug         : turn on debugging (developer info)
+  -k|--insecure       : ignore bad file ownership or permissions
 
-  -v|--verbose       : be more verbose (show files and information found)
+  -d|--debug          : turn on debugging (developer info)
+
+  -v|--verbose        : be more verbose (show files and information found)
 
 To enable this credential helper:
 
@@ -99,8 +105,9 @@ in the path.)
 
   git config credential.helper '$shortname -f AUTHFILE -v'
 
-Only "get" mode is supported by this credential helper.  It opens every AUTHFILE
-and looks for the first entry that matches the requested search criteria:
+Only "get" mode is supported by this credential helper.  It opens every
+<authfile> and looks for the first entry that matches the requested search
+criteria:
 
  'port|protocol':
    The protocol that will be used (e.g., https). (protocol=X)
@@ -120,7 +127,7 @@ host=github.com
 protocol=https
 username=tzz
 
-this credential helper will look for the first entry in every AUTHFILE that
+this credential helper will look for the first entry in every <authfile> that
 matches
 
 machine github.com port https login tzz
@@ -137,8 +144,8 @@ Then, the helper will print out whatever tokens it got from the entry, including
 back to "protocol".  Any redundant entry tokens (part of the original query) are
 skipped.
 
-Again, note that only the first matching entry from all the AUTHFILEs, processed
-in the sequence given on the command line, is used.
+Again, note that only the first matching entry from all the <authfile>s,
+processed in the sequence given on the command line, is used.
 
 Netrc/authinfo tokens can be quoted as 'STRING' or "STRING".
 
@@ -152,7 +159,7 @@ EOHIPPUS
 my $mode = shift @ARGV;
 
 # Credentials must get a parameter, so die if it's missing.
-die "Syntax: $0 [-f AUTHFILE1] [-f AUTHFILEN] [-d] get" unless defined $mode;
+die "Syntax: $0 [(-f <authfile>)...] [-d] get" unless defined $mode;
 
 # Only support 'get' mode; with any other unsupported ones we just exit.
 exit 0 unless $mode eq 'get';
@@ -172,6 +179,8 @@ unless (scalar @$files) {
 	$files = $options{file} = [ map { glob $_ } @candidates ];
 }
 
+load_config(\%options);
+
 my $query = read_credential_data_from_stdin();
 
 FILE:
@@ -233,7 +242,7 @@ sub load_netrc {
 
 	my $io;
 	if ($gpgmode) {
-		my @cmd = (qw(gpg --decrypt), $file);
+		my @cmd = ($options{'gpg'}, qw(--decrypt), $file);
 		log_verbose("Using GPG to open $file: [@cmd]");
 		open $io, "-|", @cmd;
 	} else {
@@ -410,6 +419,14 @@ sub print_credential_data {
 		printf "%s=%s\n", $git_token, $entry->{$git_token};
 	}
 }
+sub load_config {
+	# load settings from git config
+	my $options = shift;
+	# set from command argument, gpg.program option, or default to gpg
+	$options->{'gpg'} //= Git->repository()->config('gpg.program')
+	                  // 'gpg';
+	log_verbose("using $options{'gpg'} for GPG operations");
+}
 sub log_verbose {
 	return unless $options{verbose};
 	printf STDERR @_;
diff --git a/contrib/credential/netrc/t-git-credential-netrc.sh b/contrib/credential/netrc/t-git-credential-netrc.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..07227d0228
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/netrc/t-git-credential-netrc.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+(
+	cd ../../../t
+	test_description='git-credential-netrc'
+	. ./test-lib.sh
+
+	if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+		skip_all='skipping perl interface tests, perl not available'
+		test_done
+	fi
+
+	perl -MTest::More -e 0 2>/dev/null || {
+		skip_all="Perl Test::More unavailable, skipping test"
+		test_done
+	}
+
+	# set up test repository
+
+	test_expect_success \
+		'set up test repository' \
+		'git config --add gpg.program test.git-config-gpg'
+
+	# The external test will outputs its own plan
+	test_external_has_tap=1
+
+	export PERL5LIB="$GITPERLLIB"
+	test_external \
+		'git-credential-netrc' \
+		perl "$GIT_BUILD_DIR"/contrib/credential/netrc/test.pl
+
+	test_done
+)
diff --git a/contrib/credential/netrc/test.command-option-gpg b/contrib/credential/netrc/test.command-option-gpg
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d8f1285d41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/netrc/test.command-option-gpg
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+echo machine command-option-gpg login username password password
diff --git a/contrib/credential/netrc/test.git-config-gpg b/contrib/credential/netrc/test.git-config-gpg
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..65cf594c20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/netrc/test.git-config-gpg
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+echo machine git-config-gpg login username password password
diff --git a/contrib/credential/netrc/test.netrc.gpg b/contrib/credential/netrc/test.netrc.gpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/netrc/test.netrc.gpg
diff --git a/contrib/credential/netrc/test.pl b/contrib/credential/netrc/test.pl
index 169b6463c3..c0fb3718b2 100755
--- a/contrib/credential/netrc/test.pl
+++ b/contrib/credential/netrc/test.pl
@@ -2,82 +2,115 @@
 
 use warnings;
 use strict;
-use Test;
+use Test::More qw(no_plan);
+use File::Basename;
+use File::Spec::Functions qw(:DEFAULT rel2abs);
 use IPC::Open2;
 
-BEGIN { plan tests => 15 }
+BEGIN {
+	# t-git-credential-netrc.sh kicks off our testing, so we have to go
+	# from there.
+	Test::More->builder->current_test(1);
+}
 
 my @global_credential_args = @ARGV;
-my $netrc = './test.netrc';
-print "# Testing insecure file, nothing should be found\n";
+my $scriptDir = dirname rel2abs $0;
+my ($netrc, $netrcGpg, $gcNetrc) = map { catfile $scriptDir, $_; }
+                                       qw(test.netrc
+                                          test.netrc.gpg
+                                          git-credential-netrc);
+local $ENV{PATH} = join ':'
+                      , $scriptDir
+                      , $ENV{PATH}
+                      ? $ENV{PATH}
+                      : ();
+
+diag "Testing insecure file, nothing should be found\n";
 chmod 0644, $netrc;
 my $cred = run_credential(['-f', $netrc, 'get'],
 			  { host => 'github.com' });
 
-ok(scalar keys %$cred, 0, "Got 0 keys from insecure file");
+ok(scalar keys %$cred == 0, "Got 0 keys from insecure file");
 
-print "# Testing missing file, nothing should be found\n";
+diag "Testing missing file, nothing should be found\n";
 chmod 0644, $netrc;
 $cred = run_credential(['-f', '///nosuchfile///', 'get'],
 		       { host => 'github.com' });
 
-ok(scalar keys %$cred, 0, "Got 0 keys from missing file");
+ok(scalar keys %$cred == 0, "Got 0 keys from missing file");
 
 chmod 0600, $netrc;
 
-print "# Testing with invalid data\n";
+diag "Testing with invalid data\n";
 $cred = run_credential(['-f', $netrc, 'get'],
 		       "bad data");
-ok(scalar keys %$cred, 4, "Got first found keys with bad data");
+ok(scalar keys %$cred == 4, "Got first found keys with bad data");
 
-print "# Testing netrc file for a missing corovamilkbar entry\n";
+diag "Testing netrc file for a missing corovamilkbar entry\n";
 $cred = run_credential(['-f', $netrc, 'get'],
 		       { host => 'corovamilkbar' });
 
-ok(scalar keys %$cred, 0, "Got no corovamilkbar keys");
+ok(scalar keys %$cred == 0, "Got no corovamilkbar keys");
 
-print "# Testing netrc file for a github.com entry\n";
+diag "Testing netrc file for a github.com entry\n";
 $cred = run_credential(['-f', $netrc, 'get'],
 		       { host => 'github.com' });
 
-ok(scalar keys %$cred, 2, "Got 2 Github keys");
+ok(scalar keys %$cred == 2, "Got 2 Github keys");
 
-ok($cred->{password}, 'carolknows', "Got correct Github password");
-ok($cred->{username}, 'carol', "Got correct Github username");
+is($cred->{password}, 'carolknows', "Got correct Github password");
+is($cred->{username}, 'carol', "Got correct Github username");
 
-print "# Testing netrc file for a username-specific entry\n";
+diag "Testing netrc file for a username-specific entry\n";
 $cred = run_credential(['-f', $netrc, 'get'],
 		       { host => 'imap', username => 'bob' });
 
-ok(scalar keys %$cred, 2, "Got 2 username-specific keys");
+ok(scalar keys %$cred == 2, "Got 2 username-specific keys");
 
-ok($cred->{password}, 'bobwillknow', "Got correct user-specific password");
-ok($cred->{protocol}, 'imaps', "Got correct user-specific protocol");
+is($cred->{password}, 'bobwillknow', "Got correct user-specific password");
+is($cred->{protocol}, 'imaps', "Got correct user-specific protocol");
 
-print "# Testing netrc file for a host:port-specific entry\n";
+diag "Testing netrc file for a host:port-specific entry\n";
 $cred = run_credential(['-f', $netrc, 'get'],
 		       { host => 'imap2:1099' });
 
-ok(scalar keys %$cred, 2, "Got 2 host:port-specific keys");
+ok(scalar keys %$cred == 2, "Got 2 host:port-specific keys");
 
-ok($cred->{password}, 'tzzknow', "Got correct host:port-specific password");
-ok($cred->{username}, 'tzz', "Got correct host:port-specific username");
+is($cred->{password}, 'tzzknow', "Got correct host:port-specific password");
+is($cred->{username}, 'tzz', "Got correct host:port-specific username");
 
-print "# Testing netrc file that 'host:port kills host' entry\n";
+diag "Testing netrc file that 'host:port kills host' entry\n";
 $cred = run_credential(['-f', $netrc, 'get'],
 		       { host => 'imap2' });
 
-ok(scalar keys %$cred, 2, "Got 2 'host:port kills host' keys");
+ok(scalar keys %$cred == 2, "Got 2 'host:port kills host' keys");
+
+is($cred->{password}, 'bobwillknow', "Got correct 'host:port kills host' password");
+is($cred->{username}, 'bob', "Got correct 'host:port kills host' username");
+
+diag 'Testing netrc file decryption by git config gpg.program setting\n';
+$cred = run_credential( ['-f', $netrcGpg, 'get']
+                      , { host => 'git-config-gpg' }
+                      );
+
+ok(scalar keys %$cred == 2, 'Got keys decrypted by git config option');
+
+diag 'Testing netrc file decryption by gpg option\n';
+$cred = run_credential( ['-f', $netrcGpg, '-g', 'test.command-option-gpg', 'get']
+                      , { host => 'command-option-gpg' }
+                      );
+
+ok(scalar keys %$cred == 2, 'Got keys decrypted by command option');
 
-ok($cred->{password}, 'bobwillknow', "Got correct 'host:port kills host' password");
-ok($cred->{username}, 'bob', "Got correct 'host:port kills host' username");
+my $is_passing = eval { Test::More->is_passing };
+exit($is_passing ? 0 : 1) unless $@ =~ /Can't locate object method/;
 
 sub run_credential
 {
 	my $args = shift @_;
 	my $data = shift @_;
 	my $pid = open2(my $chld_out, my $chld_in,
-			'./git-credential-netrc', @global_credential_args,
+			$gcNetrc, @global_credential_args,
 			@$args);
 
 	die "Couldn't open pipe to netrc credential helper: $!" unless $pid;
diff --git a/contrib/credential/wincred/git-credential-wincred.c b/contrib/credential/wincred/git-credential-wincred.c
index 006134043a..86518cd93d 100644
--- a/contrib/credential/wincred/git-credential-wincred.c
+++ b/contrib/credential/wincred/git-credential-wincred.c
@@ -94,6 +94,12 @@ static WCHAR *wusername, *password, *protocol, *host, *path, target[1024];
 static void write_item(const char *what, LPCWSTR wbuf, int wlen)
 {
 	char *buf;
+
+	if (!wbuf || !wlen) {
+		printf("%s=\n", what);
+		return;
+	}
+
 	int len = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wbuf, wlen, NULL, 0, NULL,
 	    FALSE);
 	buf = xmalloc(len);
@@ -160,7 +166,7 @@ static int match_part_last(LPCWSTR *ptarget, LPCWSTR want, LPCWSTR delim)
 static int match_cred(const CREDENTIALW *cred)
 {
 	LPCWSTR target = cred->TargetName;
-	if (wusername && wcscmp(wusername, cred->UserName))
+	if (wusername && wcscmp(wusername, cred->UserName ? cred->UserName : L""))
 		return 0;
 
 	return match_part(&target, L"git", L":") &&
@@ -183,7 +189,7 @@ static void get_credential(void)
 	for (i = 0; i < num_creds; ++i)
 		if (match_cred(creds[i])) {
 			write_item("username", creds[i]->UserName,
-				wcslen(creds[i]->UserName));
+				creds[i]->UserName ? wcslen(creds[i]->UserName) : 0);
 			write_item("password",
 				(LPCWSTR)creds[i]->CredentialBlob,
 				creds[i]->CredentialBlobSize / sizeof(WCHAR));
diff --git a/contrib/diff-highlight/.gitignore b/contrib/diff-highlight/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c07454824e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/diff-highlight/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+shebang.perl
+diff-highlight
diff --git a/contrib/diff-highlight/diff-highlight b/contrib/diff-highlight/DiffHighlight.pm
index 08c88bbc87..536754583b 100755..100644
--- a/contrib/diff-highlight/diff-highlight
+++ b/contrib/diff-highlight/DiffHighlight.pm
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/perl
+package DiffHighlight;
 
+use 5.008;
 use warnings FATAL => 'all';
 use strict;
 
@@ -23,28 +24,78 @@ my $BORING = qr/$COLOR|\s/;
 my @removed;
 my @added;
 my $in_hunk;
+my $graph_indent = 0;
 
-# Some scripts may not realize that SIGPIPE is being ignored when launching the
-# pager--for instance scripts written in Python.
-$SIG{PIPE} = 'DEFAULT';
+our $line_cb = sub { print @_ };
+our $flush_cb = sub { local $| = 1 };
+
+# Count the visible width of a string, excluding any terminal color sequences.
+sub visible_width {
+	local $_ = shift;
+	my $ret = 0;
+	while (length) {
+		if (s/^$COLOR//) {
+			# skip colors
+		} elsif (s/^.//) {
+			$ret++;
+		}
+	}
+	return $ret;
+}
+
+# Return a substring of $str, omitting $len visible characters from the
+# beginning, where terminal color sequences do not count as visible.
+sub visible_substr {
+	my ($str, $len) = @_;
+	while ($len > 0) {
+		if ($str =~ s/^$COLOR//) {
+			next
+		}
+		$str =~ s/^.//;
+		$len--;
+	}
+	return $str;
+}
+
+sub handle_line {
+	my $orig = shift;
+	local $_ = $orig;
+
+	# match a graph line that begins a commit
+	if (/^(?:$COLOR?\|$COLOR?[ ])* # zero or more leading "|" with space
+	         $COLOR?\*$COLOR?[ ]   # a "*" with its trailing space
+	      (?:$COLOR?\|$COLOR?[ ])* # zero or more trailing "|"
+	                         [ ]*  # trailing whitespace for merges
+	    /x) {
+	        my $graph_prefix = $&;
+
+		# We must flush before setting graph indent, since the
+		# new commit may be indented differently from what we
+		# queued.
+		flush();
+		$graph_indent = visible_width($graph_prefix);
+
+	} elsif ($graph_indent) {
+		if (length($_) < $graph_indent) {
+			$graph_indent = 0;
+		} else {
+			$_ = visible_substr($_, $graph_indent);
+		}
+	}
 
-while (<>) {
 	if (!$in_hunk) {
-		print;
-		$in_hunk = /^$COLOR*\@/;
+		$line_cb->($orig);
+		$in_hunk = /^$COLOR*\@\@ /;
 	}
 	elsif (/^$COLOR*-/) {
-		push @removed, $_;
+		push @removed, $orig;
 	}
 	elsif (/^$COLOR*\+/) {
-		push @added, $_;
+		push @added, $orig;
 	}
 	else {
-		show_hunk(\@removed, \@added);
-		@removed = ();
-		@added = ();
-
-		print;
+		flush();
+		$line_cb->($orig);
 		$in_hunk = /^$COLOR*[\@ ]/;
 	}
 
@@ -57,15 +108,24 @@ while (<>) {
 	# place to flush. Flushing on a blank line is a heuristic that
 	# happens to match git-log output.
 	if (!length) {
-		local $| = 1;
+		$flush_cb->();
 	}
 }
 
-# Flush any queued hunk (this can happen when there is no trailing context in
-# the final diff of the input).
-show_hunk(\@removed, \@added);
+sub flush {
+	# Flush any queued hunk (this can happen when there is no trailing
+	# context in the final diff of the input).
+	show_hunk(\@removed, \@added);
+	@removed = ();
+	@added = ();
+}
 
-exit 0;
+sub highlight_stdin {
+	while (<STDIN>) {
+		handle_line($_);
+	}
+	flush();
+}
 
 # Ideally we would feed the default as a human-readable color to
 # git-config as the fallback value. But diff-highlight does
@@ -83,7 +143,7 @@ sub show_hunk {
 
 	# If one side is empty, then there is nothing to compare or highlight.
 	if (!@$a || !@$b) {
-		print @$a, @$b;
+		$line_cb->(@$a, @$b);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -92,17 +152,17 @@ sub show_hunk {
 	# stupid, and only handle multi-line hunks that remove and add the same
 	# number of lines.
 	if (@$a != @$b) {
-		print @$a, @$b;
+		$line_cb->(@$a, @$b);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	my @queue;
 	for (my $i = 0; $i < @$a; $i++) {
 		my ($rm, $add) = highlight_pair($a->[$i], $b->[$i]);
-		print $rm;
+		$line_cb->($rm);
 		push @queue, $add;
 	}
-	print @queue;
+	$line_cb->(@queue);
 }
 
 sub highlight_pair {
@@ -162,10 +222,17 @@ sub highlight_pair {
 	}
 }
 
+# we split either by $COLOR or by character. This has the side effect of
+# leaving in graph cruft. It works because the graph cruft does not contain "-"
+# or "+"
 sub split_line {
 	local $_ = shift;
-	return map { /$COLOR/ ? $_ : (split //) }
-	       split /($COLOR*)/;
+	return utf8::decode($_) ?
+		map { utf8::encode($_); $_ }
+			map { /$COLOR/ ? $_ : (split //) }
+			split /($COLOR+)/ :
+		map { /$COLOR/ ? $_ : (split //) }
+		split /($COLOR+)/;
 }
 
 sub highlight_line {
@@ -206,8 +273,8 @@ sub is_pair_interesting {
 	my $suffix_a = join('', @$a[($sa+1)..$#$a]);
 	my $suffix_b = join('', @$b[($sb+1)..$#$b]);
 
-	return $prefix_a !~ /^$COLOR*-$BORING*$/ ||
-	       $prefix_b !~ /^$COLOR*\+$BORING*$/ ||
+	return visible_substr($prefix_a, $graph_indent) !~ /^$COLOR*-$BORING*$/ ||
+	       visible_substr($prefix_b, $graph_indent) !~ /^$COLOR*\+$BORING*$/ ||
 	       $suffix_a !~ /^$BORING*$/ ||
 	       $suffix_b !~ /^$BORING*$/;
 }
diff --git a/contrib/diff-highlight/Makefile b/contrib/diff-highlight/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f2be7cc924
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/diff-highlight/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+all: diff-highlight
+
+PERL_PATH = /usr/bin/perl
+-include ../../config.mak
+
+PERL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PERL_PATH))
+
+diff-highlight: shebang.perl DiffHighlight.pm diff-highlight.perl
+	cat $^ >$@+
+	chmod +x $@+
+	mv $@+ $@
+
+shebang.perl: FORCE
+	@echo '#!$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' >$@+
+	@cmp $@+ $@ >/dev/null 2>/dev/null || mv $@+ $@
+
+test: all
+	$(MAKE) -C t
+
+clean:
+	$(RM) diff-highlight
+
+.PHONY: FORCE
diff --git a/contrib/diff-highlight/README b/contrib/diff-highlight/README
index 836b97a730..d4c2343175 100644
--- a/contrib/diff-highlight/README
+++ b/contrib/diff-highlight/README
@@ -99,6 +99,36 @@ newHighlight = "black #aaffaa"
 ---------------------------------------------
 
 
+Using diff-highlight as a module
+--------------------------------
+
+If you want to pre- or post- process the highlighted lines as part of
+another perl script, you can use the DiffHighlight module. You can
+either "require" it or just cat the module together with your script (to
+avoid run-time dependencies).
+
+Your script may set up one or more of the following variables:
+
+  - $DiffHighlight::line_cb - this should point to a function which is
+    called whenever DiffHighlight has lines (which may contain
+    highlights) to output. The default function prints each line to
+    stdout. Note that the function may be called with multiple lines.
+
+  - $DiffHighlight::flush_cb - this should point to a function which
+    flushes the output (because DiffHighlight believes it has completed
+    processing a logical chunk of input). The default function flushes
+    stdout.
+
+The script may then feed lines, one at a time, to DiffHighlight::handle_line().
+When lines are done processing, they will be fed to $line_cb. Note that
+DiffHighlight may queue up many input lines (to analyze a whole hunk)
+before calling $line_cb. After providing all lines, call
+DiffHighlight::flush() to flush any unprocessed lines.
+
+If you just want to process stdin, DiffHighlight::highlight_stdin()
+is a convenience helper which will loop and flush for you.
+
+
 Bugs
 ----
 
diff --git a/contrib/diff-highlight/diff-highlight.perl b/contrib/diff-highlight/diff-highlight.perl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9b3e9c1f4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/diff-highlight/diff-highlight.perl
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+package main;
+
+# Some scripts may not realize that SIGPIPE is being ignored when launching the
+# pager--for instance scripts written in Python.
+$SIG{PIPE} = 'DEFAULT';
+
+DiffHighlight::highlight_stdin();
+exit 0;
diff --git a/contrib/diff-highlight/t/.gitignore b/contrib/diff-highlight/t/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7dcbb232cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/diff-highlight/t/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+/trash directory*
+/test-results
diff --git a/contrib/diff-highlight/t/Makefile b/contrib/diff-highlight/t/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5ff5275496
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/diff-highlight/t/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+-include ../../../config.mak.autogen
+-include ../../../config.mak
+
+# copied from ../../t/Makefile
+SHELL_PATH ?= $(SHELL)
+SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
+T = $(wildcard t[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-*.sh)
+
+all: test
+test: $(T)
+
+.PHONY: help clean all test $(T)
+
+help:
+	@echo 'Run "$(MAKE) test" to launch test scripts'
+	@echo 'Run "$(MAKE) clean" to remove trash folders'
+
+$(T):
+	@echo "*** $@ ***"; '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $@ $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
+
+clean:
+	$(RM) -r 'trash directory'.*
diff --git a/contrib/diff-highlight/t/t9400-diff-highlight.sh b/contrib/diff-highlight/t/t9400-diff-highlight.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f6f5195d00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/diff-highlight/t/t9400-diff-highlight.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test diff-highlight'
+
+CURR_DIR=$(pwd)
+TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=$(pwd)
+TEST_DIRECTORY="$CURR_DIR"/../../../t
+DIFF_HIGHLIGHT="$CURR_DIR"/../diff-highlight
+
+CW="$(printf "\033[7m")"	# white
+CR="$(printf "\033[27m")"	# reset
+
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL
+then
+	skip_all='skipping diff-highlight tests; perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+# dh_test is a test helper function which takes 3 file names as parameters. The
+# first 2 files are used to generate diff and commit output, which is then
+# piped through diff-highlight. The 3rd file should contain the expected output
+# of diff-highlight (minus the diff/commit header, ie. everything after and
+# including the first @@ line).
+dh_test () {
+	a="$1" b="$2" &&
+
+	cat >patch.exp &&
+
+	{
+		cat "$a" >file &&
+		git add file &&
+		git commit -m "Add a file" &&
+
+		cat "$b" >file &&
+		git diff file >diff.raw &&
+		git commit -a -m "Update a file" &&
+		git show >commit.raw
+	} >/dev/null &&
+
+	"$DIFF_HIGHLIGHT" <diff.raw | test_strip_patch_header >diff.act &&
+	"$DIFF_HIGHLIGHT" <commit.raw | test_strip_patch_header >commit.act &&
+	test_cmp patch.exp diff.act &&
+	test_cmp patch.exp commit.act
+}
+
+test_strip_patch_header () {
+	sed -n '/^@@/,$p' $*
+}
+
+# dh_test_setup_history generates a contrived graph such that we have at least
+# 1 nesting (E) and 2 nestings (F).
+#
+#	  A---B master
+#	 /
+#	D---E---F branch
+#
+#	git log --all --graph
+#	* commit
+#	|    B
+#	| * commit
+#	| |    F
+#	* | commit
+#	| |    A
+#	| * commit
+#	|/
+#	|    E
+#	* commit
+#	     D
+#
+dh_test_setup_history () {
+	echo file1 >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "D" &&
+
+	git checkout -b branch &&
+	echo file2 >file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "E" &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	echo file2 >file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "A" &&
+
+	git checkout branch &&
+	echo file3 >file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "F" &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	echo file3 >file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "B"
+}
+
+left_trim () {
+	"$PERL_PATH" -pe 's/^\s+//'
+}
+
+trim_graph () {
+	# graphs start with * or |
+	# followed by a space or / or \
+	"$PERL_PATH" -pe 's@^((\*|\|)( |/|\\))+@@'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-highlight highlights the beginning of a line' '
+	cat >a <<-\EOF &&
+		aaa
+		bbb
+		ccc
+	EOF
+
+	cat >b <<-\EOF &&
+		aaa
+		0bb
+		ccc
+	EOF
+
+	dh_test a b <<-EOF
+		@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
+		 aaa
+		-${CW}b${CR}bb
+		+${CW}0${CR}bb
+		 ccc
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-highlight highlights the end of a line' '
+	cat >a <<-\EOF &&
+		aaa
+		bbb
+		ccc
+	EOF
+
+	cat >b <<-\EOF &&
+		aaa
+		bb0
+		ccc
+	EOF
+
+	dh_test a b <<-EOF
+		@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
+		 aaa
+		-bb${CW}b${CR}
+		+bb${CW}0${CR}
+		 ccc
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-highlight highlights the middle of a line' '
+	cat >a <<-\EOF &&
+		aaa
+		bbb
+		ccc
+	EOF
+
+	cat >b <<-\EOF &&
+		aaa
+		b0b
+		ccc
+	EOF
+
+	dh_test a b <<-EOF
+		@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
+		 aaa
+		-b${CW}b${CR}b
+		+b${CW}0${CR}b
+		 ccc
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-highlight does not highlight whole line' '
+	cat >a <<-\EOF &&
+		aaa
+		bbb
+		ccc
+	EOF
+
+	cat >b <<-\EOF &&
+		aaa
+		000
+		ccc
+	EOF
+
+	dh_test a b <<-EOF
+		@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
+		 aaa
+		-bbb
+		+000
+		 ccc
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'diff-highlight highlights mismatched hunk size' '
+	cat >a <<-\EOF &&
+		aaa
+		bbb
+	EOF
+
+	cat >b <<-\EOF &&
+		aaa
+		b0b
+		ccc
+	EOF
+
+	dh_test a b <<-EOF
+		@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
+		 aaa
+		-b${CW}b${CR}b
+		+b${CW}0${CR}b
+		+ccc
+	EOF
+'
+
+# These two code points share the same leading byte in UTF-8 representation;
+# a naive byte-wise diff would highlight only the second byte.
+#
+#   - U+00f3 ("o" with acute)
+o_accent=$(printf '\303\263')
+#   - U+00f8 ("o" with stroke)
+o_stroke=$(printf '\303\270')
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-highlight treats multibyte utf-8 as a unit' '
+	echo "unic${o_accent}de" >a &&
+	echo "unic${o_stroke}de" >b &&
+	dh_test a b <<-EOF
+		@@ -1 +1 @@
+		-unic${CW}${o_accent}${CR}de
+		+unic${CW}${o_stroke}${CR}de
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Unlike the UTF-8 above, these are combining code points which are meant
+# to modify the character preceding them:
+#
+#   - U+0301 (combining acute accent)
+combine_accent=$(printf '\314\201')
+#   - U+0302 (combining circumflex)
+combine_circum=$(printf '\314\202')
+
+test_expect_failure 'diff-highlight treats combining code points as a unit' '
+	echo "unico${combine_accent}de" >a &&
+	echo "unico${combine_circum}de" >b &&
+	dh_test a b <<-EOF
+		@@ -1 +1 @@
+		-unic${CW}o${combine_accent}${CR}de
+		+unic${CW}o${combine_circum}${CR}de
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-highlight works with the --graph option' '
+	dh_test_setup_history &&
+
+	# date-order so that the commits are interleaved for both
+	# trim graph elements so we can do a diff
+	# trim leading space because our trim_graph is not perfect
+	git log --branches -p --date-order |
+		"$DIFF_HIGHLIGHT" | left_trim >graph.exp &&
+	git log --branches -p --date-order --graph |
+		"$DIFF_HIGHLIGHT" | trim_graph | left_trim >graph.act &&
+	test_cmp graph.exp graph.act
+'
+
+# Just reuse the previous graph test, but with --color.  Our trimming
+# doesn't know about color, so just sanity check that something got
+# highlighted.
+test_expect_success 'diff-highlight works with color graph' '
+	git log --branches -p --date-order --graph --color |
+		"$DIFF_HIGHLIGHT" | trim_graph | left_trim >graph &&
+	grep "\[7m" graph
+'
+
+# Most combined diffs won't meet diff-highlight's line-number filter. So we
+# create one here where one side drops a line and the other modifies it. That
+# should result in a diff like:
+#
+#    - modified content
+#    ++resolved content
+#
+# which naively looks like one side added "+resolved".
+test_expect_success 'diff-highlight ignores combined diffs' '
+	echo "content" >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m base &&
+
+	>file &&
+	git commit -am master &&
+
+	git checkout -b other HEAD^ &&
+	echo "modified content" >file &&
+	git commit -am other &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge master &&
+	echo "resolved content" >file &&
+	git commit -am resolved &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	--- a/file
+	+++ b/file
+	@@@ -1,1 -1,0 +1,1 @@@
+	- modified content
+	++resolved content
+	EOF
+
+	git show -c | "$DIFF_HIGHLIGHT" >actual.raw &&
+	sed -n "/^---/,\$p" <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-highlight handles --graph with leading dash' '
+	cat >file <<-\EOF &&
+	before
+	the old line
+	-leading dash
+	EOF
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m before &&
+
+	sed s/old/new/ <file >file.tmp &&
+	mv file.tmp file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m after &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	--- a/file
+	+++ b/file
+	@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
+	 before
+	-the ${CW}old${CR} line
+	+the ${CW}new${CR} line
+	 -leading dash
+	EOF
+	git log --graph -p -1 | "$DIFF_HIGHLIGHT" >actual.raw &&
+	trim_graph <actual.raw | sed -n "/^---/,\$p" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/.gitignore b/contrib/emacs/.gitignore
deleted file mode 100644
index c531d9867f..0000000000
--- a/contrib/emacs/.gitignore
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-*.elc
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/Makefile b/contrib/emacs/Makefile
deleted file mode 100644
index 24d9312941..0000000000
--- a/contrib/emacs/Makefile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-## Build and install stuff
-
-EMACS = emacs
-
-ELC = git.elc git-blame.elc
-INSTALL ?= install
-INSTALL_ELC = $(INSTALL) -m 644
-prefix ?= $(HOME)
-emacsdir = $(prefix)/share/emacs/site-lisp
-RM ?= rm -f
-
-all: $(ELC)
-
-install: all
-	$(INSTALL) -d $(DESTDIR)$(emacsdir)
-	$(INSTALL_ELC) $(ELC:.elc=.el) $(ELC) $(DESTDIR)$(emacsdir)
-
-%.elc: %.el
-	$(EMACS) -batch -f batch-byte-compile $<
-
-clean:; $(RM) $(ELC)
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/README b/contrib/emacs/README
index 82368bdbff..977a16f1e3 100644
--- a/contrib/emacs/README
+++ b/contrib/emacs/README
@@ -1,30 +1,24 @@
-This directory contains various modules for Emacs support.
+This directory used to contain various modules for Emacs support.
 
-To make the modules available to Emacs, you should add this directory
-to your load-path, and then require the modules you want. This can be
-done by adding to your .emacs something like this:
+These were added shortly after Git was first released. Since then
+Emacs's own support for Git got better than what was offered by these
+modes. There are also popular 3rd-party Git modes such as Magit which
+offer replacements for these.
 
-  (add-to-list 'load-path ".../git/contrib/emacs")
-  (require 'git)
-  (require 'git-blame)
-
-
-The following modules are available:
+The following modules were available, and can be dug up from the Git
+history:
 
 * git.el:
 
-  Status manager that displays the state of all the files of the
-  project, and provides easy access to the most frequently used git
-  commands. The user interface is as far as possible compatible with
-  the pcl-cvs mode. It can be started with `M-x git-status'.
+  Wrapper for "git status" that provided access to other git commands.
+
+  Modern alternatives to this include Magit, and VC mode that ships
+  with Emacs.
 
 * git-blame.el:
 
-  Emacs implementation of incremental git-blame.  When you turn it on
-  while viewing a file, the editor buffer will be updated by setting
-  the background of individual lines to a color that reflects which
-  commit it comes from.  And when you move around the buffer, a
-  one-line summary will be shown in the echo area.
+  A wrapper for "git blame" written before Emacs's own vc-annotate
+  mode learned to invoke git-blame, which can be done via C-x v g.
 
 * vc-git.el:
 
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el b/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el
index e671f6c1c6..6a8a2b8ff1 100644
--- a/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el
+++ b/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el
@@ -1,484 +1,6 @@
-;;; git-blame.el --- Minor mode for incremental blame for Git  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-;;
-;; Copyright (C) 2007  David KÃ¥gedal
-;;
-;; Authors:    David KÃ¥gedal <davidk@lysator.liu.se>
-;; Created:    31 Jan 2007
-;; Message-ID: <87iren2vqx.fsf@morpheus.local>
-;; License:    GPL
-;; Keywords:   git, version control, release management
-;;
-;; Compatibility: Emacs21, Emacs22 and EmacsCVS
-;;                Git 1.5 and up
-
-;; This file is *NOT* part of GNU Emacs.
-;; This file is distributed under the same terms as GNU Emacs.
-
-;; This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
-;; modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
-;; published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
-;; the License, or (at your option) any later version.
-
-;; This program is distributed in the hope that it will be
-;; useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
-;; warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
-;; PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
-;; License along with this program; if not, write to the Free
-;; Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
-;; MA 02111-1307 USA
-
-;; http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html
-
-
-;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
-;;
-;;; Commentary:
-;;
-;; Here is an Emacs implementation of incremental git-blame.  When you
-;; turn it on while viewing a file, the editor buffer will be updated by
-;; setting the background of individual lines to a color that reflects
-;; which commit it comes from.  And when you move around the buffer, a
-;; one-line summary will be shown in the echo area.
-
-;;; Installation:
-;;
-;; To use this package, put it somewhere in `load-path' (or add
-;; directory with git-blame.el to `load-path'), and add the following
-;; line to your .emacs:
-;;
-;;    (require 'git-blame)
-;;
-;; If you do not want to load this package before it is necessary, you
-;; can make use of the `autoload' feature, e.g. by adding to your .emacs
-;; the following lines
-;;
-;;    (autoload 'git-blame-mode "git-blame"
-;;              "Minor mode for incremental blame for Git." t)
-;;
-;; Then first use of `M-x git-blame-mode' would load the package.
-
-;;; Compatibility:
-;;
-;; It requires GNU Emacs 21 or later and Git 1.5.0 and up
-;;
-;; If you'are using Emacs 20, try changing this:
-;;
-;;            (overlay-put ovl 'face (list :background
-;;                                         (cdr (assq 'color (cddddr info)))))
-;;
-;; to
-;;
-;;            (overlay-put ovl 'face (cons 'background-color
-;;                                         (cdr (assq 'color (cddddr info)))))
-
-
-;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
-;;
-;;; Code:
-
-(eval-when-compile (require 'cl))			      ; to use `push', `pop'
-(require 'format-spec)
-
-(defface git-blame-prefix-face
-  '((((background dark)) (:foreground "gray"
-                          :background "black"))
-    (((background light)) (:foreground "gray"
-                           :background "white"))
-    (t (:weight bold)))
-  "The face used for the hash prefix."
-  :group 'git-blame)
-
-(defgroup git-blame nil
-  "A minor mode showing Git blame information."
-  :group 'git
-  :link '(function-link git-blame-mode))
-
-
-(defcustom git-blame-use-colors t
-  "Use colors to indicate commits in `git-blame-mode'."
-  :type 'boolean
-  :group 'git-blame)
-
-(defcustom git-blame-prefix-format
-  "%h %20A:"
-  "The format of the prefix added to each line in `git-blame'
-mode. The format is passed to `format-spec' with the following format keys:
-
-  %h - the abbreviated hash
-  %H - the full hash
-  %a - the author name
-  %A - the author email
-  %c - the committer name
-  %C - the committer email
-  %s - the commit summary
-"
-  :group 'git-blame)
-
-(defcustom git-blame-mouseover-format
-  "%h %a %A: %s"
-  "The format of the description shown when pointing at a line in
-`git-blame' mode. The format string is passed to `format-spec'
-with the following format keys:
-
-  %h - the abbreviated hash
-  %H - the full hash
-  %a - the author name
-  %A - the author email
-  %c - the committer name
-  %C - the committer email
-  %s - the commit summary
-"
-  :group 'git-blame)
-
-
-(defun git-blame-color-scale (&rest elements)
-  "Given a list, returns a list of triples formed with each
-elements of the list.
-
-a b => bbb bba bab baa abb aba aaa aab"
-  (let (result)
-    (dolist (a elements)
-      (dolist (b elements)
-        (dolist (c elements)
-          (setq result (cons (format "#%s%s%s" a b c) result)))))
-    result))
-
-;; (git-blame-color-scale "0c" "04" "24" "1c" "2c" "34" "14" "3c") =>
-;; ("#3c3c3c" "#3c3c14" "#3c3c34" "#3c3c2c" "#3c3c1c" "#3c3c24"
-;; "#3c3c04" "#3c3c0c" "#3c143c" "#3c1414" "#3c1434" "#3c142c" ...)
-
-(defmacro git-blame-random-pop (l)
-  "Select a random element from L and returns it. Also remove
-selected element from l."
-  ;; only works on lists with unique elements
-  `(let ((e (elt ,l (random (length ,l)))))
-     (setq ,l (remove e ,l))
-     e))
-
-(defvar git-blame-log-oneline-format
-  "format:[%cr] %cn: %s"
-  "*Formatting option used for describing current line in the minibuffer.
-
-This option is used to pass to git log --pretty= command-line option,
-and describe which commit the current line was made.")
-
-(defvar git-blame-dark-colors
-  (git-blame-color-scale "0c" "04" "24" "1c" "2c" "34" "14" "3c")
-  "*List of colors (format #RGB) to use in a dark environment.
-
-To check out the list, evaluate (list-colors-display git-blame-dark-colors).")
-
-(defvar git-blame-light-colors
-  (git-blame-color-scale "c4" "d4" "cc" "dc" "f4" "e4" "fc" "ec")
-  "*List of colors (format #RGB) to use in a light environment.
-
-To check out the list, evaluate (list-colors-display git-blame-light-colors).")
-
-(defvar git-blame-colors '()
-  "Colors used by git-blame. The list is built once when activating git-blame
-minor mode.")
-
-(defvar git-blame-ancient-color "dark green"
-  "*Color to be used for ancient commit.")
-
-(defvar git-blame-autoupdate t
-  "*Automatically update the blame display while editing")
-
-(defvar git-blame-proc nil
-  "The running git-blame process")
-(make-variable-buffer-local 'git-blame-proc)
-
-(defvar git-blame-overlays nil
-  "The git-blame overlays used in the current buffer.")
-(make-variable-buffer-local 'git-blame-overlays)
-
-(defvar git-blame-cache nil
-  "A cache of git-blame information for the current buffer")
-(make-variable-buffer-local 'git-blame-cache)
-
-(defvar git-blame-idle-timer nil
-  "An idle timer that updates the blame")
-(make-variable-buffer-local 'git-blame-cache)
-
-(defvar git-blame-update-queue nil
-  "A queue of update requests")
-(make-variable-buffer-local 'git-blame-update-queue)
-
-;; FIXME: docstrings
-(defvar git-blame-file nil)
-(defvar git-blame-current nil)
-
-(defvar git-blame-mode nil)
-(make-variable-buffer-local 'git-blame-mode)
-
-(defvar git-blame-mode-line-string " blame"
-  "String to display on the mode line when git-blame is active.")
-
-(or (assq 'git-blame-mode minor-mode-alist)
-    (setq minor-mode-alist
-	  (cons '(git-blame-mode git-blame-mode-line-string) minor-mode-alist)))
-
-;;;###autoload
-(defun git-blame-mode (&optional arg)
-  "Toggle minor mode for displaying Git blame
-
-With prefix ARG, turn the mode on if ARG is positive."
-  (interactive "P")
-  (cond
-   ((null arg)
-    (if git-blame-mode (git-blame-mode-off) (git-blame-mode-on)))
-   ((> (prefix-numeric-value arg) 0) (git-blame-mode-on))
-   (t (git-blame-mode-off))))
-
-(defun git-blame-mode-on ()
-  "Turn on git-blame mode.
-
-See also function `git-blame-mode'."
-  (make-local-variable 'git-blame-colors)
-  (if git-blame-autoupdate
-      (add-hook 'after-change-functions 'git-blame-after-change nil t)
-    (remove-hook 'after-change-functions 'git-blame-after-change t))
-  (git-blame-cleanup)
-  (let ((bgmode (cdr (assoc 'background-mode (frame-parameters)))))
-    (if (eq bgmode 'dark)
-	(setq git-blame-colors git-blame-dark-colors)
-      (setq git-blame-colors git-blame-light-colors)))
-  (setq git-blame-cache (make-hash-table :test 'equal))
-  (setq git-blame-mode t)
-  (git-blame-run))
-
-(defun git-blame-mode-off ()
-  "Turn off git-blame mode.
-
-See also function `git-blame-mode'."
-  (git-blame-cleanup)
-  (if git-blame-idle-timer (cancel-timer git-blame-idle-timer))
-  (setq git-blame-mode nil))
-
-;;;###autoload
-(defun git-reblame ()
-  "Recalculate all blame information in the current buffer"
-  (interactive)
-  (unless git-blame-mode
-    (error "Git-blame is not active"))
-
-  (git-blame-cleanup)
-  (git-blame-run))
-
-(defun git-blame-run (&optional startline endline)
-  (if git-blame-proc
-      ;; Should maybe queue up a new run here
-      (message "Already running git blame")
-    (let ((display-buf (current-buffer))
-          (blame-buf (get-buffer-create
-                      (concat " git blame for " (buffer-name))))
-          (args '("--incremental" "--contents" "-")))
-      (if startline
-          (setq args (append args
-                             (list "-L" (format "%d,%d" startline endline)))))
-      (setq args (append args
-                         (list (file-name-nondirectory buffer-file-name))))
-      (setq git-blame-proc
-            (apply 'start-process
-                   "git-blame" blame-buf
-                   "git" "blame"
-                   args))
-      (with-current-buffer blame-buf
-        (erase-buffer)
-        (make-local-variable 'git-blame-file)
-        (make-local-variable 'git-blame-current)
-        (setq git-blame-file display-buf)
-        (setq git-blame-current nil))
-      (set-process-filter git-blame-proc 'git-blame-filter)
-      (set-process-sentinel git-blame-proc 'git-blame-sentinel)
-      (process-send-region git-blame-proc (point-min) (point-max))
-      (process-send-eof git-blame-proc))))
-
-(defun remove-git-blame-text-properties (start end)
-  (let ((modified (buffer-modified-p))
-        (inhibit-read-only t))
-    (remove-text-properties start end '(point-entered nil))
-    (set-buffer-modified-p modified)))
-
-(defun git-blame-cleanup ()
-  "Remove all blame properties"
-    (mapc 'delete-overlay git-blame-overlays)
-    (setq git-blame-overlays nil)
-    (remove-git-blame-text-properties (point-min) (point-max)))
-
-(defun git-blame-update-region (start end)
-  "Rerun blame to get updates between START and END"
-  (let ((overlays (overlays-in start end)))
-    (while overlays
-      (let ((overlay (pop overlays)))
-        (if (< (overlay-start overlay) start)
-            (setq start (overlay-start overlay)))
-        (if (> (overlay-end overlay) end)
-            (setq end (overlay-end overlay)))
-        (setq git-blame-overlays (delete overlay git-blame-overlays))
-        (delete-overlay overlay))))
-  (remove-git-blame-text-properties start end)
-  ;; We can be sure that start and end are at line breaks
-  (git-blame-run (1+ (count-lines (point-min) start))
-                 (count-lines (point-min) end)))
-
-(defun git-blame-sentinel (proc status)
-  (with-current-buffer (process-buffer proc)
-    (with-current-buffer git-blame-file
-      (setq git-blame-proc nil)
-      (if git-blame-update-queue
-          (git-blame-delayed-update))))
-  ;;(kill-buffer (process-buffer proc))
-  ;;(message "git blame finished")
-  )
-
-(defvar in-blame-filter nil)
-
-(defun git-blame-filter (proc str)
-  (with-current-buffer (process-buffer proc)
-    (save-excursion
-      (goto-char (process-mark proc))
-      (insert-before-markers str)
-      (goto-char (point-min))
-      (unless in-blame-filter
-        (let ((more t)
-              (in-blame-filter t))
-          (while more
-            (setq more (git-blame-parse))))))))
-
-(defun git-blame-parse ()
-  (cond ((looking-at "\\([0-9a-f]\\{40\\}\\) \\([0-9]+\\) \\([0-9]+\\) \\([0-9]+\\)\n")
-         (let ((hash (match-string 1))
-               (src-line (string-to-number (match-string 2)))
-               (res-line (string-to-number (match-string 3)))
-               (num-lines (string-to-number (match-string 4))))
-           (delete-region (point) (match-end 0))
-           (setq git-blame-current (list (git-blame-new-commit hash)
-                                         src-line res-line num-lines)))
-         t)
-        ((looking-at "\\([a-z-]+\\) \\(.+\\)\n")
-         (let ((key (match-string 1))
-               (value (match-string 2)))
-           (delete-region (point) (match-end 0))
-           (git-blame-add-info (car git-blame-current) key value)
-           (when (string= key "filename")
-             (git-blame-create-overlay (car git-blame-current)
-                                       (caddr git-blame-current)
-                                       (cadddr git-blame-current))
-             (setq git-blame-current nil)))
-         t)
-        (t
-         nil)))
-
-(defun git-blame-new-commit (hash)
-  (with-current-buffer git-blame-file
-    (or (gethash hash git-blame-cache)
-        ;; Assign a random color to each new commit info
-        ;; Take care not to select the same color multiple times
-        (let* ((color (if git-blame-colors
-                          (git-blame-random-pop git-blame-colors)
-                        git-blame-ancient-color))
-               (info `(,hash (color . ,color))))
-          (puthash hash info git-blame-cache)
-          info))))
-
-(defun git-blame-create-overlay (info start-line num-lines)
-  (with-current-buffer git-blame-file
-    (save-excursion
-      (let ((inhibit-point-motion-hooks t)
-            (inhibit-modification-hooks t))
-        (goto-char (point-min))
-        (forward-line (1- start-line))
-        (let* ((start (point))
-               (end (progn (forward-line num-lines) (point)))
-               (ovl (make-overlay start end))
-               (hash (car info))
-               (spec `((?h . ,(substring hash 0 6))
-                       (?H . ,hash)
-                       (?a . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'author))
-                       (?A . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'author-mail))
-                       (?c . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'committer))
-                       (?C . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'committer-mail))
-                       (?s . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'summary)))))
-          (push ovl git-blame-overlays)
-          (overlay-put ovl 'git-blame info)
-          (overlay-put ovl 'help-echo
-                       (format-spec git-blame-mouseover-format spec))
-          (if git-blame-use-colors
-              (overlay-put ovl 'face (list :background
-                                           (cdr (assq 'color (cdr info))))))
-          (overlay-put ovl 'line-prefix
-                       (propertize (format-spec git-blame-prefix-format spec)
-                                   'face 'git-blame-prefix-face)))))))
-
-(defun git-blame-add-info (info key value)
-  (nconc info (list (cons (intern key) value))))
-
-(defun git-blame-get-info (info key)
-  (cdr (assq key (cdr info))))
-
-(defun git-blame-current-commit ()
-  (let ((info (get-char-property (point) 'git-blame)))
-    (if info
-        (car info)
-      (error "No commit info"))))
-
-(defun git-describe-commit (hash)
-  (with-temp-buffer
-    (call-process "git" nil t nil
-                  "log" "-1"
-		  (concat "--pretty=" git-blame-log-oneline-format)
-                  hash)
-    (buffer-substring (point-min) (point-max))))
-
-(defvar git-blame-last-identification nil)
-(make-variable-buffer-local 'git-blame-last-identification)
-(defun git-blame-identify (&optional hash)
-  (interactive)
-  (let ((info (gethash (or hash (git-blame-current-commit)) git-blame-cache)))
-    (when (and info (not (eq info git-blame-last-identification)))
-      (message "%s" (nth 4 info))
-      (setq git-blame-last-identification info))))
-
-;; (defun git-blame-after-save ()
-;;   (when git-blame-mode
-;;     (git-blame-cleanup)
-;;     (git-blame-run)))
-;; (add-hook 'after-save-hook 'git-blame-after-save)
-
-(defun git-blame-after-change (start end length)
-  (when git-blame-mode
-    (git-blame-enq-update start end)))
-
-(defvar git-blame-last-update nil)
-(make-variable-buffer-local 'git-blame-last-update)
-(defun git-blame-enq-update (start end)
-  "Mark the region between START and END as needing blame update"
-  ;; Try to be smart and avoid multiple callouts for sequential
-  ;; editing
-  (cond ((and git-blame-last-update
-              (= start (cdr git-blame-last-update)))
-         (setcdr git-blame-last-update end))
-        ((and git-blame-last-update
-              (= end (car git-blame-last-update)))
-         (setcar git-blame-last-update start))
-        (t
-         (setq git-blame-last-update (cons start end))
-         (setq git-blame-update-queue (nconc git-blame-update-queue
-                                             (list git-blame-last-update)))))
-  (unless (or git-blame-proc git-blame-idle-timer)
-    (setq git-blame-idle-timer
-          (run-with-idle-timer 0.5 nil 'git-blame-delayed-update))))
-
-(defun git-blame-delayed-update ()
-  (setq git-blame-idle-timer nil)
-  (if git-blame-update-queue
-      (let ((first (pop git-blame-update-queue))
-            (inhibit-point-motion-hooks t))
-        (git-blame-update-region (car first) (cdr first)))))
-
-(provide 'git-blame)
-
-;;; git-blame.el ends here
+(error "git-blame.el no longer ships with git. It's recommended
+to replace its use with Emacs's own vc-annotate. See
+contrib/emacs/README in git's
+sources (https://github.com/git/git/blob/master/contrib/emacs/README)
+for more info on suggested alternatives and for why this
+happened.")
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/git.el b/contrib/emacs/git.el
index 5ffc506f6d..03f926281f 100644
--- a/contrib/emacs/git.el
+++ b/contrib/emacs/git.el
@@ -1,1705 +1,6 @@
-;;; git.el --- A user interface for git
-
-;; Copyright (C) 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Alexandre Julliard <julliard@winehq.org>
-
-;; Version: 1.0
-
-;; This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
-;; modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
-;; published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
-;; the License, or (at your option) any later version.
-;;
-;; This program is distributed in the hope that it will be
-;; useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
-;; warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
-;; PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
-;;
-;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
-;; License along with this program; if not, write to the Free
-;; Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
-;; MA 02111-1307 USA
-
-;;; Commentary:
-
-;; This file contains an interface for the git version control
-;; system. It provides easy access to the most frequently used git
-;; commands. The user interface is as far as possible identical to
-;; that of the PCL-CVS mode.
-;;
-;; To install: put this file on the load-path and place the following
-;; in your .emacs file:
-;;
-;;    (require 'git)
-;;
-;; To start: `M-x git-status'
-;;
-;; TODO
-;;  - diff against other branch
-;;  - renaming files from the status buffer
-;;  - creating tags
-;;  - fetch/pull
-;;  - revlist browser
-;;  - git-show-branch browser
-;;
-
-;;; Compatibility:
-;;
-;; This file works on GNU Emacs 21 or later. It may work on older
-;; versions but this is not guaranteed.
-;;
-;; It may work on XEmacs 21, provided that you first install the ewoc
-;; and log-edit packages.
-;;
-
-(eval-when-compile (require 'cl))
-(require 'ewoc)
-(require 'log-edit)
-(require 'easymenu)
-
-
-;;;; Customizations
-;;;; ------------------------------------------------------------
-
-(defgroup git nil
-  "A user interface for the git versioning system."
-  :group 'tools)
-
-(defcustom git-committer-name nil
-  "User name to use for commits.
-The default is to fall back to the repository config,
-then to `add-log-full-name' and then to `user-full-name'."
-  :group 'git
-  :type '(choice (const :tag "Default" nil)
-                 (string :tag "Name")))
-
-(defcustom git-committer-email nil
-  "Email address to use for commits.
-The default is to fall back to the git repository config,
-then to `add-log-mailing-address' and then to `user-mail-address'."
-  :group 'git
-  :type '(choice (const :tag "Default" nil)
-                 (string :tag "Email")))
-
-(defcustom git-commits-coding-system nil
-  "Default coding system for the log message of git commits."
-  :group 'git
-  :type '(choice (const :tag "From repository config" nil)
-                 (coding-system)))
-
-(defcustom git-append-signed-off-by nil
-  "Whether to append a Signed-off-by line to the commit message before editing."
-  :group 'git
-  :type 'boolean)
-
-(defcustom git-reuse-status-buffer t
-  "Whether `git-status' should try to reuse an existing buffer
-if there is already one that displays the same directory."
-  :group 'git
-  :type 'boolean)
-
-(defcustom git-per-dir-ignore-file ".gitignore"
-  "Name of the per-directory ignore file."
-  :group 'git
-  :type 'string)
-
-(defcustom git-show-uptodate nil
-  "Whether to display up-to-date files."
-  :group 'git
-  :type 'boolean)
-
-(defcustom git-show-ignored nil
-  "Whether to display ignored files."
-  :group 'git
-  :type 'boolean)
-
-(defcustom git-show-unknown t
-  "Whether to display unknown files."
-  :group 'git
-  :type 'boolean)
-
-
-(defface git-status-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "purple"))
-    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "salmon")))
-  "Git mode face used to highlight added and modified files."
-  :group 'git)
-
-(defface git-unmerged-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "red" :bold t))
-    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "red" :bold t)))
-  "Git mode face used to highlight unmerged files."
-  :group 'git)
-
-(defface git-unknown-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "goldenrod" :bold t))
-    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "goldenrod" :bold t)))
-  "Git mode face used to highlight unknown files."
-  :group 'git)
-
-(defface git-uptodate-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "grey60"))
-    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "grey40")))
-  "Git mode face used to highlight up-to-date files."
-  :group 'git)
-
-(defface git-ignored-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "grey60"))
-    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "grey40")))
-  "Git mode face used to highlight ignored files."
-  :group 'git)
-
-(defface git-mark-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "red" :bold t))
-    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "tomato" :bold t)))
-  "Git mode face used for the file marks."
-  :group 'git)
-
-(defface git-header-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "blue"))
-    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "blue")))
-  "Git mode face used for commit headers."
-  :group 'git)
-
-(defface git-separator-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "brown"))
-    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "brown")))
-  "Git mode face used for commit separator."
-  :group 'git)
-
-(defface git-permission-face
-  '((((class color) (background light)) (:foreground "green" :bold t))
-    (((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "green" :bold t)))
-  "Git mode face used for permission changes."
-  :group 'git)
-
-
-;;;; Utilities
-;;;; ------------------------------------------------------------
-
-(defconst git-log-msg-separator "--- log message follows this line ---")
-
-(defvar git-log-edit-font-lock-keywords
-  `(("^\\(Author:\\|Date:\\|Merge:\\|Signed-off-by:\\)\\(.*\\)$"
-     (1 font-lock-keyword-face)
-     (2 font-lock-function-name-face))
-    (,(concat "^\\(" (regexp-quote git-log-msg-separator) "\\)$")
-     (1 font-lock-comment-face))))
-
-(defun git-get-env-strings (env)
-  "Build a list of NAME=VALUE strings from a list of environment strings."
-  (mapcar (lambda (entry) (concat (car entry) "=" (cdr entry))) env))
-
-(defun git-call-process (buffer &rest args)
-  "Wrapper for call-process that sets environment strings."
-  (apply #'call-process "git" nil buffer nil args))
-
-(defun git-call-process-display-error (&rest args)
-  "Wrapper for call-process that displays error messages."
-  (let* ((dir default-directory)
-         (buffer (get-buffer-create "*Git Command Output*"))
-         (ok (with-current-buffer buffer
-               (let ((default-directory dir)
-                     (buffer-read-only nil))
-                 (erase-buffer)
-                 (eq 0 (apply #'git-call-process (list buffer t) args))))))
-    (unless ok (display-message-or-buffer buffer))
-    ok))
-
-(defun git-call-process-string (&rest args)
-  "Wrapper for call-process that returns the process output as a string,
-or nil if the git command failed."
-  (with-temp-buffer
-    (and (eq 0 (apply #'git-call-process t args))
-         (buffer-string))))
-
-(defun git-call-process-string-display-error (&rest args)
-  "Wrapper for call-process that displays error message and returns
-the process output as a string, or nil if the git command failed."
-  (with-temp-buffer
-    (if (eq 0 (apply #'git-call-process (list t t) args))
-        (buffer-string)
-      (display-message-or-buffer (current-buffer))
-      nil)))
-
-(defun git-run-process-region (buffer start end program args)
-  "Run a git process with a buffer region as input."
-  (let ((output-buffer (current-buffer))
-        (dir default-directory))
-    (with-current-buffer buffer
-      (cd dir)
-      (apply #'call-process-region start end program
-             nil (list output-buffer t) nil args))))
-
-(defun git-run-command-buffer (buffer-name &rest args)
-  "Run a git command, sending the output to a buffer named BUFFER-NAME."
-  (let ((dir default-directory)
-        (buffer (get-buffer-create buffer-name)))
-    (message "Running git %s..." (car args))
-    (with-current-buffer buffer
-      (let ((default-directory dir)
-            (buffer-read-only nil))
-        (erase-buffer)
-        (apply #'git-call-process buffer args)))
-    (message "Running git %s...done" (car args))
-    buffer))
-
-(defun git-run-command-region (buffer start end env &rest args)
-  "Run a git command with specified buffer region as input."
-  (with-temp-buffer
-    (if (eq 0 (if env
-                  (git-run-process-region
-                   buffer start end "env"
-                   (append (git-get-env-strings env) (list "git") args))
-                (git-run-process-region buffer start end "git" args)))
-        (buffer-string)
-      (display-message-or-buffer (current-buffer))
-      nil)))
-
-(defun git-run-hook (hook env &rest args)
-  "Run a git hook and display its output if any."
-  (let ((dir default-directory)
-        (hook-name (expand-file-name (concat ".git/hooks/" hook))))
-    (or (not (file-executable-p hook-name))
-        (let (status (buffer (get-buffer-create "*Git Hook Output*")))
-          (with-current-buffer buffer
-            (erase-buffer)
-            (cd dir)
-            (setq status
-                  (if env
-                      (apply #'call-process "env" nil (list buffer t) nil
-                             (append (git-get-env-strings env) (list hook-name) args))
-                    (apply #'call-process hook-name nil (list buffer t) nil args))))
-          (display-message-or-buffer buffer)
-          (eq 0 status)))))
-
-(defun git-get-string-sha1 (string)
-  "Read a SHA1 from the specified string."
-  (and string
-       (string-match "[0-9a-f]\\{40\\}" string)
-       (match-string 0 string)))
-
-(defun git-get-committer-name ()
-  "Return the name to use as GIT_COMMITTER_NAME."
-  ; copied from log-edit
-  (or git-committer-name
-      (git-config "user.name")
-      (and (boundp 'add-log-full-name) add-log-full-name)
-      (and (fboundp 'user-full-name) (user-full-name))
-      (and (boundp 'user-full-name) user-full-name)))
-
-(defun git-get-committer-email ()
-  "Return the email address to use as GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL."
-  ; copied from log-edit
-  (or git-committer-email
-      (git-config "user.email")
-      (and (boundp 'add-log-mailing-address) add-log-mailing-address)
-      (and (fboundp 'user-mail-address) (user-mail-address))
-      (and (boundp 'user-mail-address) user-mail-address)))
-
-(defun git-get-commits-coding-system ()
-  "Return the coding system to use for commits."
-  (let ((repo-config (git-config "i18n.commitencoding")))
-    (or git-commits-coding-system
-        (and repo-config
-             (fboundp 'locale-charset-to-coding-system)
-             (locale-charset-to-coding-system repo-config))
-      'utf-8)))
-
-(defun git-get-logoutput-coding-system ()
-  "Return the coding system used for git-log output."
-  (let ((repo-config (or (git-config "i18n.logoutputencoding")
-                         (git-config "i18n.commitencoding"))))
-    (or git-commits-coding-system
-        (and repo-config
-             (fboundp 'locale-charset-to-coding-system)
-             (locale-charset-to-coding-system repo-config))
-      'utf-8)))
-
-(defun git-escape-file-name (name)
-  "Escape a file name if necessary."
-  (if (string-match "[\n\t\"\\]" name)
-      (concat "\""
-              (mapconcat (lambda (c)
-                   (case c
-                     (?\n "\\n")
-                     (?\t "\\t")
-                     (?\\ "\\\\")
-                     (?\" "\\\"")
-                     (t (char-to-string c))))
-                 name "")
-              "\"")
-    name))
-
-(defun git-success-message (text files)
-  "Print a success message after having handled FILES."
-  (let ((n (length files)))
-    (if (equal n 1)
-        (message "%s %s" text (car files))
-      (message "%s %d files" text n))))
-
-(defun git-get-top-dir (dir)
-  "Retrieve the top-level directory of a git tree."
-  (let ((cdup (with-output-to-string
-                (with-current-buffer standard-output
-                  (cd dir)
-                  (unless (eq 0 (git-call-process t "rev-parse" "--show-cdup"))
-                    (error "cannot find top-level git tree for %s." dir))))))
-    (expand-file-name (concat (file-name-as-directory dir)
-                              (car (split-string cdup "\n"))))))
-
-;stolen from pcl-cvs
-(defun git-append-to-ignore (file)
-  "Add a file name to the ignore file in its directory."
-  (let* ((fullname (expand-file-name file))
-         (dir (file-name-directory fullname))
-         (name (file-name-nondirectory fullname))
-         (ignore-name (expand-file-name git-per-dir-ignore-file dir))
-         (created (not (file-exists-p ignore-name))))
-  (save-window-excursion
-    (set-buffer (find-file-noselect ignore-name))
-    (goto-char (point-max))
-    (unless (zerop (current-column)) (insert "\n"))
-    (insert "/" name "\n")
-    (sort-lines nil (point-min) (point-max))
-    (save-buffer))
-  (when created
-    (git-call-process nil "update-index" "--add" "--" (file-relative-name ignore-name)))
-  (git-update-status-files (list (file-relative-name ignore-name)))))
-
-; propertize definition for XEmacs, stolen from erc-compat
-(eval-when-compile
-  (unless (fboundp 'propertize)
-    (defun propertize (string &rest props)
-      (let ((string (copy-sequence string)))
-        (while props
-          (put-text-property 0 (length string) (nth 0 props) (nth 1 props) string)
-          (setq props (cddr props)))
-        string))))
-
-;;;; Wrappers for basic git commands
-;;;; ------------------------------------------------------------
-
-(defun git-rev-parse (rev)
-  "Parse a revision name and return its SHA1."
-  (git-get-string-sha1
-   (git-call-process-string "rev-parse" rev)))
-
-(defun git-config (key)
-  "Retrieve the value associated to KEY in the git repository config file."
-  (let ((str (git-call-process-string "config" key)))
-    (and str (car (split-string str "\n")))))
-
-(defun git-symbolic-ref (ref)
-  "Wrapper for the git-symbolic-ref command."
-  (let ((str (git-call-process-string "symbolic-ref" ref)))
-    (and str (car (split-string str "\n")))))
-
-(defun git-update-ref (ref newval &optional oldval reason)
-  "Update a reference by calling git-update-ref."
-  (let ((args (and oldval (list oldval))))
-    (when newval (push newval args))
-    (push ref args)
-    (when reason
-     (push reason args)
-     (push "-m" args))
-    (unless newval (push "-d" args))
-    (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "update-ref" args)))
-
-(defun git-for-each-ref (&rest specs)
-  "Return a list of refs using git-for-each-ref.
-Each entry is a cons of (SHORT-NAME . FULL-NAME)."
-  (let (refs)
-    (with-temp-buffer
-      (apply #'git-call-process t "for-each-ref" "--format=%(refname)" specs)
-      (goto-char (point-min))
-      (while (re-search-forward "^[^/\n]+/[^/\n]+/\\(.+\\)$" nil t)
-	(push (cons (match-string 1) (match-string 0)) refs)))
-    (nreverse refs)))
-
-(defun git-read-tree (tree &optional index-file)
-  "Read a tree into the index file."
-  (let ((process-environment
-         (append (and index-file (list (concat "GIT_INDEX_FILE=" index-file))) process-environment)))
-    (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "read-tree" (if tree (list tree)))))
-
-(defun git-write-tree (&optional index-file)
-  "Call git-write-tree and return the resulting tree SHA1 as a string."
-  (let ((process-environment
-         (append (and index-file (list (concat "GIT_INDEX_FILE=" index-file))) process-environment)))
-    (git-get-string-sha1
-     (git-call-process-string-display-error "write-tree"))))
-
-(defun git-commit-tree (buffer tree parent)
-  "Create a commit and possibly update HEAD.
-Create a commit with the message in BUFFER using the tree with hash TREE.
-Use PARENT as the parent of the new commit. If PARENT is the current \"HEAD\",
-update the \"HEAD\" reference to the new commit."
-  (let ((author-name (git-get-committer-name))
-        (author-email (git-get-committer-email))
-        (subject "commit (initial): ")
-        author-date log-start log-end args coding-system-for-write)
-    (when parent
-      (setq subject "commit: ")
-      (push "-p" args)
-      (push parent args))
-    (with-current-buffer buffer
-      (goto-char (point-min))
-      (if
-          (setq log-start (re-search-forward (concat "^" (regexp-quote git-log-msg-separator) "\n") nil t))
-          (save-restriction
-            (narrow-to-region (point-min) log-start)
-            (goto-char (point-min))
-            (when (re-search-forward "^Author: +\\(.*?\\) *<\\(.*\\)> *$" nil t)
-              (setq author-name (match-string 1)
-                    author-email (match-string 2)))
-            (goto-char (point-min))
-            (when (re-search-forward "^Date: +\\(.*\\)$" nil t)
-              (setq author-date (match-string 1)))
-            (goto-char (point-min))
-            (when (re-search-forward "^Merge: +\\(.*\\)" nil t)
-              (setq subject "commit (merge): ")
-              (dolist (parent (split-string (match-string 1) " +" t))
-                (push "-p" args)
-                (push parent args))))
-        (setq log-start (point-min)))
-      (setq log-end (point-max))
-      (goto-char log-start)
-      (when (re-search-forward ".*$" nil t)
-        (setq subject (concat subject (match-string 0))))
-      (setq coding-system-for-write buffer-file-coding-system))
-    (let ((commit
-           (git-get-string-sha1
-            (let ((env `(("GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" . ,author-name)
-                         ("GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" . ,author-email)
-                         ("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME" . ,(git-get-committer-name))
-                         ("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL" . ,(git-get-committer-email)))))
-              (when author-date (push `("GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" . ,author-date) env))
-              (apply #'git-run-command-region
-                     buffer log-start log-end env
-                     "commit-tree" tree (nreverse args))))))
-      (when commit (git-update-ref "HEAD" commit parent subject))
-      commit)))
-
-(defun git-empty-db-p ()
-  "Check if the git db is empty (no commit done yet)."
-  (not (eq 0 (git-call-process nil "rev-parse" "--verify" "HEAD"))))
-
-(defun git-get-merge-heads ()
-  "Retrieve the merge heads from the MERGE_HEAD file if present."
-  (let (heads)
-    (when (file-readable-p ".git/MERGE_HEAD")
-      (with-temp-buffer
-        (insert-file-contents ".git/MERGE_HEAD" nil nil nil t)
-        (goto-char (point-min))
-        (while (re-search-forward "[0-9a-f]\\{40\\}" nil t)
-          (push (match-string 0) heads))))
-    (nreverse heads)))
-
-(defun git-get-commit-description (commit)
-  "Get a one-line description of COMMIT."
-  (let ((coding-system-for-read (git-get-logoutput-coding-system)))
-    (let ((descr (git-call-process-string "log" "--max-count=1" "--pretty=oneline" commit)))
-      (if (and descr (string-match "\\`\\([0-9a-f]\\{40\\}\\) *\\(.*\\)$" descr))
-          (concat (substring (match-string 1 descr) 0 10) " - " (match-string 2 descr))
-        descr))))
-
-;;;; File info structure
-;;;; ------------------------------------------------------------
-
-; fileinfo structure stolen from pcl-cvs
-(defstruct (git-fileinfo
-            (:copier nil)
-            (:constructor git-create-fileinfo (state name &optional old-perm new-perm rename-state orig-name marked))
-            (:conc-name git-fileinfo->))
-  marked              ;; t/nil
-  state               ;; current state
-  name                ;; file name
-  old-perm new-perm   ;; permission flags
-  rename-state        ;; rename or copy state
-  orig-name           ;; original name for renames or copies
-  needs-update        ;; whether file needs to be updated
-  needs-refresh)      ;; whether file needs to be refreshed
-
-(defvar git-status nil)
-
-(defun git-set-fileinfo-state (info state)
-  "Set the state of a file info."
-  (unless (eq (git-fileinfo->state info) state)
-    (setf (git-fileinfo->state info) state
-	  (git-fileinfo->new-perm info) (git-fileinfo->old-perm info)
-          (git-fileinfo->rename-state info) nil
-          (git-fileinfo->orig-name info) nil
-          (git-fileinfo->needs-update info) nil
-          (git-fileinfo->needs-refresh info) t)))
-
-(defun git-status-filenames-map (status func files &rest args)
-  "Apply FUNC to the status files names in the FILES list.
-The list must be sorted."
-  (when files
-    (let ((file (pop files))
-          (node (ewoc-nth status 0)))
-      (while (and file node)
-        (let* ((info (ewoc-data node))
-               (name (git-fileinfo->name info)))
-          (if (string-lessp name file)
-              (setq node (ewoc-next status node))
-            (if (string-equal name file)
-                (apply func info args))
-            (setq file (pop files))))))))
-
-(defun git-set-filenames-state (status files state)
-  "Set the state of a list of named files. The list must be sorted"
-  (when files
-    (git-status-filenames-map status #'git-set-fileinfo-state files state)
-    (unless state  ;; delete files whose state has been set to nil
-      (ewoc-filter status (lambda (info) (git-fileinfo->state info))))))
-
-(defun git-state-code (code)
-  "Convert from a string to a added/deleted/modified state."
-  (case (string-to-char code)
-    (?M 'modified)
-    (?? 'unknown)
-    (?A 'added)
-    (?D 'deleted)
-    (?U 'unmerged)
-    (?T 'modified)
-    (t nil)))
-
-(defun git-status-code-as-string (code)
-  "Format a git status code as string."
-  (case code
-    ('modified (propertize "Modified" 'face 'git-status-face))
-    ('unknown  (propertize "Unknown " 'face 'git-unknown-face))
-    ('added    (propertize "Added   " 'face 'git-status-face))
-    ('deleted  (propertize "Deleted " 'face 'git-status-face))
-    ('unmerged (propertize "Unmerged" 'face 'git-unmerged-face))
-    ('uptodate (propertize "Uptodate" 'face 'git-uptodate-face))
-    ('ignored  (propertize "Ignored " 'face 'git-ignored-face))
-    (t "?       ")))
-
-(defun git-file-type-as-string (old-perm new-perm)
-  "Return a string describing the file type based on its permissions."
-  (let* ((old-type (lsh (or old-perm 0) -9))
-	 (new-type (lsh (or new-perm 0) -9))
-	 (str (case new-type
-		(64  ;; file
-		 (case old-type
-		   (64 nil)
-		   (80 "   (type change symlink -> file)")
-		   (112 "   (type change subproject -> file)")))
-		 (80  ;; symlink
-		  (case old-type
-		    (64 "   (type change file -> symlink)")
-		    (112 "   (type change subproject -> symlink)")
-		    (t "   (symlink)")))
-		  (112  ;; subproject
-		   (case old-type
-		     (64 "   (type change file -> subproject)")
-		     (80 "   (type change symlink -> subproject)")
-		     (t "   (subproject)")))
-                  (72 nil)  ;; directory (internal, not a real git state)
-		  (0  ;; deleted or unknown
-		   (case old-type
-		     (80 "   (symlink)")
-		     (112 "   (subproject)")))
-		  (t (format "   (unknown type %o)" new-type)))))
-    (cond (str (propertize str 'face 'git-status-face))
-          ((eq new-type 72) "/")
-          (t ""))))
-
-(defun git-rename-as-string (info)
-  "Return a string describing the copy or rename associated with INFO, or an empty string if none."
-  (let ((state (git-fileinfo->rename-state info)))
-    (if state
-        (propertize
-         (concat "   ("
-                 (if (eq state 'copy) "copied from "
-                   (if (eq (git-fileinfo->state info) 'added) "renamed from "
-                     "renamed to "))
-                 (git-escape-file-name (git-fileinfo->orig-name info))
-                 ")") 'face 'git-status-face)
-      "")))
-
-(defun git-permissions-as-string (old-perm new-perm)
-  "Format a permission change as string."
-  (propertize
-   (if (or (not old-perm)
-           (not new-perm)
-           (eq 0 (logand ?\111 (logxor old-perm new-perm))))
-       "  "
-     (if (eq 0 (logand ?\111 old-perm)) "+x" "-x"))
-  'face 'git-permission-face))
-
-(defun git-fileinfo-prettyprint (info)
-  "Pretty-printer for the git-fileinfo structure."
-  (let ((old-perm (git-fileinfo->old-perm info))
-	(new-perm (git-fileinfo->new-perm info)))
-    (insert (concat "   " (if (git-fileinfo->marked info) (propertize "*" 'face 'git-mark-face) " ")
-		    " " (git-status-code-as-string (git-fileinfo->state info))
-		    " " (git-permissions-as-string old-perm new-perm)
-		    "  " (git-escape-file-name (git-fileinfo->name info))
-		    (git-file-type-as-string old-perm new-perm)
-		    (git-rename-as-string info)))))
-
-(defun git-update-node-fileinfo (node info)
-  "Update the fileinfo of the specified node. The names are assumed to match already."
-  (let ((data (ewoc-data node)))
-    (setf
-     ;; preserve the marked flag
-     (git-fileinfo->marked info) (git-fileinfo->marked data)
-     (git-fileinfo->needs-update data) nil)
-    (when (not (equal info data))
-      (setf (git-fileinfo->needs-refresh info) t
-            (ewoc-data node) info))))
-
-(defun git-insert-info-list (status infolist files)
-  "Insert a sorted list of file infos in the status buffer, replacing existing ones if any."
-  (let* ((info (pop infolist))
-         (node (ewoc-nth status 0))
-         (name (and info (git-fileinfo->name info)))
-         remaining)
-    (while info
-      (let ((nodename (and node (git-fileinfo->name (ewoc-data node)))))
-        (while (and files (string-lessp (car files) name))
-          (push (pop files) remaining))
-        (when (and files (string-equal (car files) name))
-          (setq files (cdr files)))
-        (cond ((not nodename)
-               (setq node (ewoc-enter-last status info))
-               (setq info (pop infolist))
-               (setq name (and info (git-fileinfo->name info))))
-              ((string-lessp nodename name)
-               (setq node (ewoc-next status node)))
-              ((string-equal nodename name)
-               ;; preserve the marked flag
-               (git-update-node-fileinfo node info)
-               (setq info (pop infolist))
-               (setq name (and info (git-fileinfo->name info))))
-              (t
-               (setq node (ewoc-enter-before status node info))
-               (setq info (pop infolist))
-               (setq name (and info (git-fileinfo->name info)))))))
-    (nconc (nreverse remaining) files)))
-
-(defun git-run-diff-index (status files)
-  "Run git-diff-index on FILES and parse the results into STATUS.
-Return the list of files that haven't been handled."
-  (let (infolist)
-    (with-temp-buffer
-      (apply #'git-call-process t "diff-index" "-z" "-M" "HEAD" "--" files)
-      (goto-char (point-min))
-      (while (re-search-forward
-	      ":\\([0-7]\\{6\\}\\) \\([0-7]\\{6\\}\\) [0-9a-f]\\{40\\} [0-9a-f]\\{40\\} \\(\\([ADMUT]\\)\0\\([^\0]+\\)\\|\\([CR]\\)[0-9]*\0\\([^\0]+\\)\0\\([^\0]+\\)\\)\0"
-              nil t 1)
-        (let ((old-perm (string-to-number (match-string 1) 8))
-              (new-perm (string-to-number (match-string 2) 8))
-              (state (or (match-string 4) (match-string 6)))
-              (name (or (match-string 5) (match-string 7)))
-              (new-name (match-string 8)))
-          (if new-name  ; copy or rename
-              (if (eq ?C (string-to-char state))
-                  (push (git-create-fileinfo 'added new-name old-perm new-perm 'copy name) infolist)
-                (push (git-create-fileinfo 'deleted name 0 0 'rename new-name) infolist)
-                (push (git-create-fileinfo 'added new-name old-perm new-perm 'rename name) infolist))
-            (push (git-create-fileinfo (git-state-code state) name old-perm new-perm) infolist)))))
-    (setq infolist (sort (nreverse infolist)
-                         (lambda (info1 info2)
-                           (string-lessp (git-fileinfo->name info1)
-                                         (git-fileinfo->name info2)))))
-    (git-insert-info-list status infolist files)))
-
-(defun git-find-status-file (status file)
-  "Find a given file in the status ewoc and return its node."
-  (let ((node (ewoc-nth status 0)))
-    (while (and node (not (string= file (git-fileinfo->name (ewoc-data node)))))
-      (setq node (ewoc-next status node)))
-    node))
-
-(defun git-run-ls-files (status files default-state &rest options)
-  "Run git-ls-files on FILES and parse the results into STATUS.
-Return the list of files that haven't been handled."
-  (let (infolist)
-    (with-temp-buffer
-      (apply #'git-call-process t "ls-files" "-z" (append options (list "--") files))
-      (goto-char (point-min))
-      (while (re-search-forward "\\([^\0]*?\\)\\(/?\\)\0" nil t 1)
-        (let ((name (match-string 1)))
-          (push (git-create-fileinfo default-state name 0
-                                     (if (string-equal "/" (match-string 2)) (lsh ?\110 9) 0))
-                infolist))))
-    (setq infolist (nreverse infolist))  ;; assume it is sorted already
-    (git-insert-info-list status infolist files)))
-
-(defun git-run-ls-files-cached (status files default-state)
-  "Run git-ls-files -c on FILES and parse the results into STATUS.
-Return the list of files that haven't been handled."
-  (let (infolist)
-    (with-temp-buffer
-      (apply #'git-call-process t "ls-files" "-z" "-s" "-c" "--" files)
-      (goto-char (point-min))
-      (while (re-search-forward "\\([0-7]\\{6\\}\\) [0-9a-f]\\{40\\} 0\t\\([^\0]+\\)\0" nil t)
-	(let* ((new-perm (string-to-number (match-string 1) 8))
-	       (old-perm (if (eq default-state 'added) 0 new-perm))
-	       (name (match-string 2)))
-	  (push (git-create-fileinfo default-state name old-perm new-perm) infolist))))
-    (setq infolist (nreverse infolist))  ;; assume it is sorted already
-    (git-insert-info-list status infolist files)))
-
-(defun git-run-ls-unmerged (status files)
-  "Run git-ls-files -u on FILES and parse the results into STATUS."
-  (with-temp-buffer
-    (apply #'git-call-process t "ls-files" "-z" "-u" "--" files)
-    (goto-char (point-min))
-    (let (unmerged-files)
-      (while (re-search-forward "[0-7]\\{6\\} [0-9a-f]\\{40\\} [123]\t\\([^\0]+\\)\0" nil t)
-        (push (match-string 1) unmerged-files))
-      (setq unmerged-files (nreverse unmerged-files))  ;; assume it is sorted already
-      (git-set-filenames-state status unmerged-files 'unmerged))))
-
-(defun git-get-exclude-files ()
-  "Get the list of exclude files to pass to git-ls-files."
-  (let (files
-        (config (git-config "core.excludesfile")))
-    (when (file-readable-p ".git/info/exclude")
-      (push ".git/info/exclude" files))
-    (when (and config (file-readable-p config))
-      (push config files))
-    files))
-
-(defun git-run-ls-files-with-excludes (status files default-state &rest options)
-  "Run git-ls-files on FILES with appropriate --exclude-from options."
-  (let ((exclude-files (git-get-exclude-files)))
-    (apply #'git-run-ls-files status files default-state "--directory" "--no-empty-directory"
-           (concat "--exclude-per-directory=" git-per-dir-ignore-file)
-           (append options (mapcar (lambda (f) (concat "--exclude-from=" f)) exclude-files)))))
-
-(defun git-update-status-files (&optional files mark-files)
-  "Update the status of FILES from the index.
-The FILES list must be sorted."
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  ;; set the needs-update flag on existing files
-  (if files
-      (git-status-filenames-map
-       git-status (lambda (info) (setf (git-fileinfo->needs-update info) t)) files)
-    (ewoc-map (lambda (info) (setf (git-fileinfo->needs-update info) t) nil) git-status)
-    (git-call-process nil "update-index" "--refresh")
-    (when git-show-uptodate
-      (git-run-ls-files-cached git-status nil 'uptodate)))
-  (let ((remaining-files
-          (if (git-empty-db-p) ; we need some special handling for an empty db
-	      (git-run-ls-files-cached git-status files 'added)
-            (git-run-diff-index git-status files))))
-    (git-run-ls-unmerged git-status files)
-    (when (or remaining-files (and git-show-unknown (not files)))
-      (setq remaining-files (git-run-ls-files-with-excludes git-status remaining-files 'unknown "-o")))
-    (when (or remaining-files (and git-show-ignored (not files)))
-      (setq remaining-files (git-run-ls-files-with-excludes git-status remaining-files 'ignored "-o" "-i")))
-    (unless files
-      (setq remaining-files (git-get-filenames (ewoc-collect git-status #'git-fileinfo->needs-update))))
-    (when remaining-files
-      (setq remaining-files (git-run-ls-files-cached git-status remaining-files 'uptodate)))
-    (git-set-filenames-state git-status remaining-files nil)
-    (when mark-files (git-mark-files git-status files))
-    (git-refresh-files)
-    (git-refresh-ewoc-hf git-status)))
-
-(defun git-mark-files (status files)
-  "Mark all the specified FILES, and unmark the others."
-  (let ((file (and files (pop files)))
-        (node (ewoc-nth status 0)))
-    (while node
-      (let ((info (ewoc-data node)))
-        (if (and file (string-equal (git-fileinfo->name info) file))
-            (progn
-              (unless (git-fileinfo->marked info)
-                (setf (git-fileinfo->marked info) t)
-                (setf (git-fileinfo->needs-refresh info) t))
-              (setq file (pop files))
-              (setq node (ewoc-next status node)))
-          (when (git-fileinfo->marked info)
-            (setf (git-fileinfo->marked info) nil)
-            (setf (git-fileinfo->needs-refresh info) t))
-          (if (and file (string-lessp file (git-fileinfo->name info)))
-              (setq file (pop files))
-            (setq node (ewoc-next status node))))))))
-
-(defun git-marked-files ()
-  "Return a list of all marked files, or if none a list containing just the file at cursor position."
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (or (ewoc-collect git-status (lambda (info) (git-fileinfo->marked info)))
-      (list (ewoc-data (ewoc-locate git-status)))))
-
-(defun git-marked-files-state (&rest states)
-  "Return a sorted list of marked files that are in the specified states."
-  (let ((files (git-marked-files))
-        result)
-    (dolist (info files)
-      (when (memq (git-fileinfo->state info) states)
-        (push info result)))
-    (nreverse result)))
-
-(defun git-refresh-files ()
-  "Refresh all files that need it and clear the needs-refresh flag."
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (ewoc-map
-   (lambda (info)
-     (let ((refresh (git-fileinfo->needs-refresh info)))
-       (setf (git-fileinfo->needs-refresh info) nil)
-       refresh))
-   git-status)
-  ; move back to goal column
-  (when goal-column (move-to-column goal-column)))
-
-(defun git-refresh-ewoc-hf (status)
-  "Refresh the ewoc header and footer."
-  (let ((branch (git-symbolic-ref "HEAD"))
-        (head (if (git-empty-db-p) "Nothing committed yet"
-                (git-get-commit-description "HEAD")))
-        (merge-heads (git-get-merge-heads)))
-    (ewoc-set-hf status
-                 (format "Directory:  %s\nBranch:     %s\nHead:       %s%s\n"
-                         default-directory
-                         (if branch
-                             (if (string-match "^refs/heads/" branch)
-                                 (substring branch (match-end 0))
-                               branch)
-                           "none (detached HEAD)")
-                         head
-                         (if merge-heads
-                             (concat "\nMerging:    "
-                                     (mapconcat (lambda (str) (git-get-commit-description str)) merge-heads "\n            "))
-                           ""))
-                 (if (ewoc-nth status 0) "" "    No changes."))))
-
-(defun git-get-filenames (files)
-  (mapcar (lambda (info) (git-fileinfo->name info)) files))
-
-(defun git-update-index (index-file files)
-  "Run git-update-index on a list of files."
-  (let ((process-environment (append (and index-file (list (concat "GIT_INDEX_FILE=" index-file)))
-                                     process-environment))
-        added deleted modified)
-    (dolist (info files)
-      (case (git-fileinfo->state info)
-        ('added (push info added))
-        ('deleted (push info deleted))
-        ('modified (push info modified))))
-    (and
-     (or (not added) (apply #'git-call-process-display-error "update-index" "--add" "--" (git-get-filenames added)))
-     (or (not deleted) (apply #'git-call-process-display-error "update-index" "--remove" "--" (git-get-filenames deleted)))
-     (or (not modified) (apply #'git-call-process-display-error "update-index" "--" (git-get-filenames modified))))))
-
-(defun git-run-pre-commit-hook ()
-  "Run the pre-commit hook if any."
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (let ((files (git-marked-files-state 'added 'deleted 'modified)))
-    (or (not files)
-        (not (file-executable-p ".git/hooks/pre-commit"))
-        (let ((index-file (make-temp-file "gitidx")))
-          (unwind-protect
-            (let ((head-tree (unless (git-empty-db-p) (git-rev-parse "HEAD^{tree}"))))
-              (git-read-tree head-tree index-file)
-              (git-update-index index-file files)
-              (git-run-hook "pre-commit" `(("GIT_INDEX_FILE" . ,index-file))))
-          (delete-file index-file))))))
-
-(defun git-do-commit ()
-  "Perform the actual commit using the current buffer as log message."
-  (interactive)
-  (let ((buffer (current-buffer))
-        (index-file (make-temp-file "gitidx")))
-    (with-current-buffer log-edit-parent-buffer
-      (if (git-marked-files-state 'unmerged)
-          (message "You cannot commit unmerged files, resolve them first.")
-        (unwind-protect
-            (let ((files (git-marked-files-state 'added 'deleted 'modified))
-                  head tree head-tree)
-              (unless (git-empty-db-p)
-                (setq head (git-rev-parse "HEAD")
-                      head-tree (git-rev-parse "HEAD^{tree}")))
-              (message "Running git commit...")
-              (when
-                  (and
-                   (git-read-tree head-tree index-file)
-                   (git-update-index nil files)         ;update both the default index
-                   (git-update-index index-file files)  ;and the temporary one
-                   (setq tree (git-write-tree index-file)))
-                (if (or (not (string-equal tree head-tree))
-                        (yes-or-no-p "The tree was not modified, do you really want to perform an empty commit? "))
-                    (let ((commit (git-commit-tree buffer tree head)))
-                      (when commit
-                        (condition-case nil (delete-file ".git/MERGE_HEAD") (error nil))
-                        (condition-case nil (delete-file ".git/MERGE_MSG") (error nil))
-                        (with-current-buffer buffer (erase-buffer))
-                        (git-update-status-files (git-get-filenames files))
-                        (git-call-process nil "rerere")
-                        (git-call-process nil "gc" "--auto")
-                        (message "Committed %s." commit)
-                        (git-run-hook "post-commit" nil)))
-                  (message "Commit aborted."))))
-          (delete-file index-file))))))
-
-
-;;;; Interactive functions
-;;;; ------------------------------------------------------------
-
-(defun git-mark-file ()
-  "Mark the file that the cursor is on and move to the next one."
-  (interactive)
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (let* ((pos (ewoc-locate git-status))
-         (info (ewoc-data pos)))
-    (setf (git-fileinfo->marked info) t)
-    (ewoc-invalidate git-status pos)
-    (ewoc-goto-next git-status 1)))
-
-(defun git-unmark-file ()
-  "Unmark the file that the cursor is on and move to the next one."
-  (interactive)
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (let* ((pos (ewoc-locate git-status))
-         (info (ewoc-data pos)))
-    (setf (git-fileinfo->marked info) nil)
-    (ewoc-invalidate git-status pos)
-    (ewoc-goto-next git-status 1)))
-
-(defun git-unmark-file-up ()
-  "Unmark the file that the cursor is on and move to the previous one."
-  (interactive)
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (let* ((pos (ewoc-locate git-status))
-         (info (ewoc-data pos)))
-    (setf (git-fileinfo->marked info) nil)
-    (ewoc-invalidate git-status pos)
-    (ewoc-goto-prev git-status 1)))
-
-(defun git-mark-all ()
-  "Mark all files."
-  (interactive)
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (ewoc-map (lambda (info) (unless (git-fileinfo->marked info)
-                             (setf (git-fileinfo->marked info) t))) git-status)
-  ; move back to goal column after invalidate
-  (when goal-column (move-to-column goal-column)))
-
-(defun git-unmark-all ()
-  "Unmark all files."
-  (interactive)
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (ewoc-map (lambda (info) (when (git-fileinfo->marked info)
-                             (setf (git-fileinfo->marked info) nil)
-                             t)) git-status)
-  ; move back to goal column after invalidate
-  (when goal-column (move-to-column goal-column)))
-
-(defun git-toggle-all-marks ()
-  "Toggle all file marks."
-  (interactive)
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (ewoc-map (lambda (info) (setf (git-fileinfo->marked info) (not (git-fileinfo->marked info))) t) git-status)
-  ; move back to goal column after invalidate
-  (when goal-column (move-to-column goal-column)))
-
-(defun git-next-file (&optional n)
-  "Move the selection down N files."
-  (interactive "p")
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (ewoc-goto-next git-status n))
-
-(defun git-prev-file (&optional n)
-  "Move the selection up N files."
-  (interactive "p")
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (ewoc-goto-prev git-status n))
-
-(defun git-next-unmerged-file (&optional n)
-  "Move the selection down N unmerged files."
-  (interactive "p")
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (let* ((last (ewoc-locate git-status))
-         (node (ewoc-next git-status last)))
-    (while (and node (> n 0))
-      (when (eq 'unmerged (git-fileinfo->state (ewoc-data node)))
-        (setq n (1- n))
-        (setq last node))
-      (setq node (ewoc-next git-status node)))
-    (ewoc-goto-node git-status last)))
-
-(defun git-prev-unmerged-file (&optional n)
-  "Move the selection up N unmerged files."
-  (interactive "p")
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (let* ((last (ewoc-locate git-status))
-         (node (ewoc-prev git-status last)))
-    (while (and node (> n 0))
-      (when (eq 'unmerged (git-fileinfo->state (ewoc-data node)))
-        (setq n (1- n))
-        (setq last node))
-      (setq node (ewoc-prev git-status node)))
-    (ewoc-goto-node git-status last)))
-
-(defun git-insert-file (file)
-  "Insert file(s) into the git-status buffer."
-  (interactive "fInsert file: ")
-  (git-update-status-files (list (file-relative-name file))))
-
-(defun git-add-file ()
-  "Add marked file(s) to the index cache."
-  (interactive)
-  (let ((files (git-get-filenames (git-marked-files-state 'unknown 'ignored 'unmerged))))
-    ;; FIXME: add support for directories
-    (unless files
-      (push (file-relative-name (read-file-name "File to add: " nil nil t)) files))
-    (when (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "update-index" "--add" "--" files)
-      (git-update-status-files files)
-      (git-success-message "Added" files))))
-
-(defun git-ignore-file ()
-  "Add marked file(s) to the ignore list."
-  (interactive)
-  (let ((files (git-get-filenames (git-marked-files-state 'unknown))))
-    (unless files
-      (push (file-relative-name (read-file-name "File to ignore: " nil nil t)) files))
-    (dolist (f files) (git-append-to-ignore f))
-    (git-update-status-files files)
-    (git-success-message "Ignored" files)))
-
-(defun git-remove-file ()
-  "Remove the marked file(s)."
-  (interactive)
-  (let ((files (git-get-filenames (git-marked-files-state 'added 'modified 'unknown 'uptodate 'ignored))))
-    (unless files
-      (push (file-relative-name (read-file-name "File to remove: " nil nil t)) files))
-    (if (yes-or-no-p
-         (if (cdr files)
-             (format "Remove %d files? " (length files))
-           (format "Remove %s? " (car files))))
-        (progn
-          (dolist (name files)
-            (ignore-errors
-              (if (file-directory-p name)
-                  (delete-directory name)
-                (delete-file name))))
-          (when (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "update-index" "--remove" "--" files)
-            (git-update-status-files files)
-            (git-success-message "Removed" files)))
-      (message "Aborting"))))
-
-(defun git-revert-file ()
-  "Revert changes to the marked file(s)."
-  (interactive)
-  (let ((files (git-marked-files-state 'added 'deleted 'modified 'unmerged))
-        added modified)
-    (when (and files
-               (yes-or-no-p
-                (if (cdr files)
-                    (format "Revert %d files? " (length files))
-                  (format "Revert %s? " (git-fileinfo->name (car files))))))
-      (dolist (info files)
-        (case (git-fileinfo->state info)
-          ('added (push (git-fileinfo->name info) added))
-          ('deleted (push (git-fileinfo->name info) modified))
-          ('unmerged (push (git-fileinfo->name info) modified))
-          ('modified (push (git-fileinfo->name info) modified))))
-      ;; check if a buffer contains one of the files and isn't saved
-      (dolist (file modified)
-        (let ((buffer (get-file-buffer file)))
-          (when (and buffer (buffer-modified-p buffer))
-            (error "Buffer %s is modified. Please kill or save modified buffers before reverting." (buffer-name buffer)))))
-      (let ((ok (and
-                 (or (not added)
-                     (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "update-index" "--force-remove" "--" added))
-                 (or (not modified)
-                     (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "checkout" "HEAD" modified))))
-            (names (git-get-filenames files)))
-        (git-update-status-files names)
-        (when ok
-          (dolist (file modified)
-            (let ((buffer (get-file-buffer file)))
-              (when buffer (with-current-buffer buffer (revert-buffer t t t)))))
-          (git-success-message "Reverted" names))))))
-
-(defun git-remove-handled ()
-  "Remove handled files from the status list."
-  (interactive)
-  (ewoc-filter git-status
-               (lambda (info)
-                 (case (git-fileinfo->state info)
-                   ('ignored git-show-ignored)
-                   ('uptodate git-show-uptodate)
-                   ('unknown git-show-unknown)
-                   (t t))))
-  (unless (ewoc-nth git-status 0)  ; refresh header if list is empty
-    (git-refresh-ewoc-hf git-status)))
-
-(defun git-toggle-show-uptodate ()
-  "Toogle the option for showing up-to-date files."
-  (interactive)
-  (if (setq git-show-uptodate (not git-show-uptodate))
-      (git-refresh-status)
-    (git-remove-handled)))
-
-(defun git-toggle-show-ignored ()
-  "Toogle the option for showing ignored files."
-  (interactive)
-  (if (setq git-show-ignored (not git-show-ignored))
-      (progn
-        (message "Inserting ignored files...")
-        (git-run-ls-files-with-excludes git-status nil 'ignored "-o" "-i")
-        (git-refresh-files)
-        (git-refresh-ewoc-hf git-status)
-        (message "Inserting ignored files...done"))
-    (git-remove-handled)))
-
-(defun git-toggle-show-unknown ()
-  "Toogle the option for showing unknown files."
-  (interactive)
-  (if (setq git-show-unknown (not git-show-unknown))
-      (progn
-        (message "Inserting unknown files...")
-        (git-run-ls-files-with-excludes git-status nil 'unknown "-o")
-        (git-refresh-files)
-        (git-refresh-ewoc-hf git-status)
-        (message "Inserting unknown files...done"))
-    (git-remove-handled)))
-
-(defun git-expand-directory (info)
-  "Expand the directory represented by INFO to list its files."
-  (when (eq (lsh (git-fileinfo->new-perm info) -9) ?\110)
-    (let ((dir (git-fileinfo->name info)))
-      (git-set-filenames-state git-status (list dir) nil)
-      (git-run-ls-files-with-excludes git-status (list (concat dir "/")) 'unknown "-o")
-      (git-refresh-files)
-      (git-refresh-ewoc-hf git-status)
-      t)))
-
-(defun git-setup-diff-buffer (buffer)
-  "Setup a buffer for displaying a diff."
-  (let ((dir default-directory))
-    (with-current-buffer buffer
-      (diff-mode)
-      (goto-char (point-min))
-      (setq default-directory dir)
-      (setq buffer-read-only t)))
-  (display-buffer buffer)
-  ; shrink window only if it displays the status buffer
-  (when (eq (window-buffer) (current-buffer))
-    (shrink-window-if-larger-than-buffer)))
-
-(defun git-diff-file ()
-  "Diff the marked file(s) against HEAD."
-  (interactive)
-  (let ((files (git-marked-files)))
-    (git-setup-diff-buffer
-     (apply #'git-run-command-buffer "*git-diff*" "diff-index" "-p" "-M" "HEAD" "--" (git-get-filenames files)))))
-
-(defun git-diff-file-merge-head (arg)
-  "Diff the marked file(s) against the first merge head (or the nth one with a numeric prefix)."
-  (interactive "p")
-  (let ((files (git-marked-files))
-        (merge-heads (git-get-merge-heads)))
-    (unless merge-heads (error "No merge in progress"))
-    (git-setup-diff-buffer
-     (apply #'git-run-command-buffer "*git-diff*" "diff-index" "-p" "-M"
-            (or (nth (1- arg) merge-heads) "HEAD") "--" (git-get-filenames files)))))
-
-(defun git-diff-unmerged-file (stage)
-  "Diff the marked unmerged file(s) against the specified stage."
-  (let ((files (git-marked-files)))
-    (git-setup-diff-buffer
-     (apply #'git-run-command-buffer "*git-diff*" "diff-files" "-p" stage "--" (git-get-filenames files)))))
-
-(defun git-diff-file-base ()
-  "Diff the marked unmerged file(s) against the common base file."
-  (interactive)
-  (git-diff-unmerged-file "-1"))
-
-(defun git-diff-file-mine ()
-  "Diff the marked unmerged file(s) against my pre-merge version."
-  (interactive)
-  (git-diff-unmerged-file "-2"))
-
-(defun git-diff-file-other ()
-  "Diff the marked unmerged file(s) against the other's pre-merge version."
-  (interactive)
-  (git-diff-unmerged-file "-3"))
-
-(defun git-diff-file-combined ()
-  "Do a combined diff of the marked unmerged file(s)."
-  (interactive)
-  (git-diff-unmerged-file "-c"))
-
-(defun git-diff-file-idiff ()
-  "Perform an interactive diff on the current file."
-  (interactive)
-  (let ((files (git-marked-files-state 'added 'deleted 'modified)))
-    (unless (eq 1 (length files))
-      (error "Cannot perform an interactive diff on multiple files."))
-    (let* ((filename (car (git-get-filenames files)))
-           (buff1 (find-file-noselect filename))
-           (buff2 (git-run-command-buffer (concat filename ".~HEAD~") "cat-file" "blob" (concat "HEAD:" filename))))
-      (ediff-buffers buff1 buff2))))
-
-(defun git-log-file ()
-  "Display a log of changes to the marked file(s)."
-  (interactive)
-  (let* ((files (git-marked-files))
-         (coding-system-for-read git-commits-coding-system)
-         (buffer (apply #'git-run-command-buffer "*git-log*" "rev-list" "--pretty" "HEAD" "--" (git-get-filenames files))))
-    (with-current-buffer buffer
-      ; (git-log-mode)  FIXME: implement log mode
-      (goto-char (point-min))
-      (setq buffer-read-only t))
-    (display-buffer buffer)))
-
-(defun git-log-edit-files ()
-  "Return a list of marked files for use in the log-edit buffer."
-  (with-current-buffer log-edit-parent-buffer
-    (git-get-filenames (git-marked-files-state 'added 'deleted 'modified))))
-
-(defun git-log-edit-diff ()
-  "Run a diff of the current files being committed from a log-edit buffer."
-  (with-current-buffer log-edit-parent-buffer
-    (git-diff-file)))
-
-(defun git-append-sign-off (name email)
-  "Append a Signed-off-by entry to the current buffer, avoiding duplicates."
-  (let ((sign-off (format "Signed-off-by: %s <%s>" name email))
-        (case-fold-search t))
-    (goto-char (point-min))
-    (unless (re-search-forward (concat "^" (regexp-quote sign-off)) nil t)
-      (goto-char (point-min))
-      (unless (re-search-forward "^Signed-off-by: " nil t)
-        (setq sign-off (concat "\n" sign-off)))
-      (goto-char (point-max))
-      (insert sign-off "\n"))))
-
-(defun git-setup-log-buffer (buffer &optional merge-heads author-name author-email subject date msg)
-  "Setup the log buffer for a commit."
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (let ((dir default-directory)
-        (committer-name (git-get-committer-name))
-        (committer-email (git-get-committer-email))
-        (sign-off git-append-signed-off-by))
-    (with-current-buffer buffer
-      (cd dir)
-      (erase-buffer)
-      (insert
-       (propertize
-        (format "Author: %s <%s>\n%s%s"
-                (or author-name committer-name)
-                (or author-email committer-email)
-                (if date (format "Date: %s\n" date) "")
-                (if merge-heads
-                    (format "Merge: %s\n"
-                            (mapconcat 'identity merge-heads " "))
-                  ""))
-        'face 'git-header-face)
-       (propertize git-log-msg-separator 'face 'git-separator-face)
-       "\n")
-      (when subject (insert subject "\n\n"))
-      (cond (msg (insert msg "\n"))
-            ((file-readable-p ".git/rebase-apply/msg")
-             (insert-file-contents ".git/rebase-apply/msg"))
-            ((file-readable-p ".git/MERGE_MSG")
-             (insert-file-contents ".git/MERGE_MSG")))
-      ; delete empty lines at end
-      (goto-char (point-min))
-      (when (re-search-forward "\n+\\'" nil t)
-        (replace-match "\n" t t))
-      (when sign-off (git-append-sign-off committer-name committer-email)))
-    buffer))
-
-(define-derived-mode git-log-edit-mode log-edit-mode "Git-Log-Edit"
-  "Major mode for editing git log messages.
-
-Set up git-specific `font-lock-keywords' for `log-edit-mode'."
-  (set (make-local-variable 'font-lock-defaults)
-       '(git-log-edit-font-lock-keywords t t)))
-
-(defun git-commit-file ()
-  "Commit the marked file(s), asking for a commit message."
-  (interactive)
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (when (git-run-pre-commit-hook)
-    (let ((buffer (get-buffer-create "*git-commit*"))
-          (coding-system (git-get-commits-coding-system))
-          author-name author-email subject date)
-      (when (eq 0 (buffer-size buffer))
-        (when (file-readable-p ".git/rebase-apply/info")
-          (with-temp-buffer
-            (insert-file-contents ".git/rebase-apply/info")
-            (goto-char (point-min))
-            (when (re-search-forward "^Author: \\(.*\\)\nEmail: \\(.*\\)$" nil t)
-              (setq author-name (match-string 1))
-              (setq author-email (match-string 2)))
-            (goto-char (point-min))
-            (when (re-search-forward "^Subject: \\(.*\\)$" nil t)
-              (setq subject (match-string 1)))
-            (goto-char (point-min))
-            (when (re-search-forward "^Date: \\(.*\\)$" nil t)
-              (setq date (match-string 1)))))
-        (git-setup-log-buffer buffer (git-get-merge-heads) author-name author-email subject date))
-      (if (boundp 'log-edit-diff-function)
-	  (log-edit 'git-do-commit nil '((log-edit-listfun . git-log-edit-files)
-					 (log-edit-diff-function . git-log-edit-diff)) buffer 'git-log-edit-mode)
-	(log-edit 'git-do-commit nil 'git-log-edit-files buffer
-                  'git-log-edit-mode))
-      (setq paragraph-separate (concat (regexp-quote git-log-msg-separator) "$\\|Author: \\|Date: \\|Merge: \\|Signed-off-by: \\|\f\\|[ 	]*$"))
-      (setq buffer-file-coding-system coding-system)
-      (re-search-forward (regexp-quote (concat git-log-msg-separator "\n")) nil t))))
-
-(defun git-setup-commit-buffer (commit)
-  "Setup the commit buffer with the contents of COMMIT."
-  (let (parents author-name author-email subject date msg)
-    (with-temp-buffer
-      (let ((coding-system (git-get-logoutput-coding-system)))
-        (git-call-process t "log" "-1" "--pretty=medium" "--abbrev=40" commit)
-        (goto-char (point-min))
-        (when (re-search-forward "^Merge: *\\(.*\\)$" nil t)
-          (setq parents (cdr (split-string (match-string 1) " +"))))
-        (when (re-search-forward "^Author: *\\(.*\\) <\\(.*\\)>$" nil t)
-          (setq author-name (match-string 1))
-          (setq author-email (match-string 2)))
-        (when (re-search-forward "^Date: *\\(.*\\)$" nil t)
-          (setq date (match-string 1)))
-        (while (re-search-forward "^    \\(.*\\)$" nil t)
-          (push (match-string 1) msg))
-        (setq msg (nreverse msg))
-        (setq subject (pop msg))
-        (while (and msg (zerop (length (car msg))) (pop msg)))))
-    (git-setup-log-buffer (get-buffer-create "*git-commit*")
-                          parents author-name author-email subject date
-                          (mapconcat #'identity msg "\n"))))
-
-(defun git-get-commit-files (commit)
-  "Retrieve a sorted list of files modified by COMMIT."
-  (let (files)
-    (with-temp-buffer
-      (git-call-process t "diff-tree" "-m" "-r" "-z" "--name-only" "--no-commit-id" "--root" commit)
-      (goto-char (point-min))
-      (while (re-search-forward "\\([^\0]*\\)\0" nil t 1)
-        (push (match-string 1) files)))
-    (sort files #'string-lessp)))
-
-(defun git-read-commit-name (prompt &optional default)
-  "Ask for a commit name, with completion for local branch, remote branch and tag."
-  (completing-read prompt
-                   (list* "HEAD" "ORIG_HEAD" "FETCH_HEAD" (mapcar #'car (git-for-each-ref)))
-		   nil nil nil nil default))
-
-(defun git-checkout (branch &optional merge)
-  "Checkout a branch, tag, or any commit.
-Use a prefix arg if git should merge while checking out."
-  (interactive
-   (list (git-read-commit-name "Checkout: ")
-         current-prefix-arg))
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (let ((args (list branch "--")))
-    (when merge (push "-m" args))
-    (when (apply #'git-call-process-display-error "checkout" args)
-      (git-update-status-files))))
-
-(defun git-branch (branch)
-  "Create a branch from the current HEAD and switch to it."
-  (interactive (list (git-read-commit-name "Branch: ")))
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (if (git-rev-parse (concat "refs/heads/" branch))
-      (if (yes-or-no-p (format "Branch %s already exists, replace it? " branch))
-          (and (git-call-process-display-error "branch" "-f" branch)
-               (git-call-process-display-error "checkout" branch))
-        (message "Canceled."))
-    (git-call-process-display-error "checkout" "-b" branch))
-    (git-refresh-ewoc-hf git-status))
-
-(defun git-amend-commit ()
-  "Undo the last commit on HEAD, and set things up to commit an
-amended version of it."
-  (interactive)
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (when (git-empty-db-p) (error "No commit to amend."))
-  (let* ((commit (git-rev-parse "HEAD"))
-         (files (git-get-commit-files commit)))
-    (when (if (git-rev-parse "HEAD^")
-              (git-call-process-display-error "reset" "--soft" "HEAD^")
-            (and (git-update-ref "ORIG_HEAD" commit)
-                 (git-update-ref "HEAD" nil commit)))
-      (git-update-status-files files t)
-      (git-setup-commit-buffer commit)
-      (git-commit-file))))
-
-(defun git-cherry-pick-commit (arg)
-  "Cherry-pick a commit."
-  (interactive (list (git-read-commit-name "Cherry-pick commit: ")))
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (let ((commit (git-rev-parse (concat arg "^0"))))
-    (unless commit (error "Not a valid commit '%s'." arg))
-    (when (git-rev-parse (concat commit "^2"))
-      (error "Cannot cherry-pick a merge commit."))
-    (let ((files (git-get-commit-files commit))
-          (ok (git-call-process-display-error "cherry-pick" "-n" commit)))
-      (git-update-status-files files ok)
-      (with-current-buffer (git-setup-commit-buffer commit)
-        (goto-char (point-min))
-        (if (re-search-forward "^\n*Signed-off-by:" nil t 1)
-            (goto-char (match-beginning 0))
-          (goto-char (point-max)))
-        (insert "(cherry picked from commit " commit ")\n"))
-      (when ok (git-commit-file)))))
-
-(defun git-revert-commit (arg)
-  "Revert a commit."
-  (interactive (list (git-read-commit-name "Revert commit: ")))
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (let ((commit (git-rev-parse (concat arg "^0"))))
-    (unless commit (error "Not a valid commit '%s'." arg))
-    (when (git-rev-parse (concat commit "^2"))
-      (error "Cannot revert a merge commit."))
-    (let ((files (git-get-commit-files commit))
-          (subject (git-get-commit-description commit))
-          (ok (git-call-process-display-error "revert" "-n" commit)))
-      (git-update-status-files files ok)
-      (when (string-match "^[0-9a-f]+ - \\(.*\\)$" subject)
-        (setq subject (match-string 1 subject)))
-      (git-setup-log-buffer (get-buffer-create "*git-commit*")
-                            (git-get-merge-heads) nil nil (format "Revert \"%s\"" subject) nil
-                            (format "This reverts commit %s.\n" commit))
-      (when ok (git-commit-file)))))
-
-(defun git-find-file ()
-  "Visit the current file in its own buffer."
-  (interactive)
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (let ((info (ewoc-data (ewoc-locate git-status))))
-    (unless (git-expand-directory info)
-      (find-file (git-fileinfo->name info))
-      (when (eq 'unmerged (git-fileinfo->state info))
-        (smerge-mode 1)))))
-
-(defun git-find-file-other-window ()
-  "Visit the current file in its own buffer in another window."
-  (interactive)
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (let ((info (ewoc-data (ewoc-locate git-status))))
-    (find-file-other-window (git-fileinfo->name info))
-    (when (eq 'unmerged (git-fileinfo->state info))
-      (smerge-mode))))
-
-(defun git-find-file-imerge ()
-  "Visit the current file in interactive merge mode."
-  (interactive)
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (let ((info (ewoc-data (ewoc-locate git-status))))
-    (find-file (git-fileinfo->name info))
-    (smerge-ediff)))
-
-(defun git-view-file ()
-  "View the current file in its own buffer."
-  (interactive)
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (let ((info (ewoc-data (ewoc-locate git-status))))
-    (view-file (git-fileinfo->name info))))
-
-(defun git-refresh-status ()
-  "Refresh the git status buffer."
-  (interactive)
-  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (message "Refreshing git status...")
-  (git-update-status-files)
-  (message "Refreshing git status...done"))
-
-(defun git-status-quit ()
-  "Quit git-status mode."
-  (interactive)
-  (bury-buffer))
-
-;;;; Major Mode
-;;;; ------------------------------------------------------------
-
-(defvar git-status-mode-hook nil
-  "Run after `git-status-mode' is setup.")
-
-(defvar git-status-mode-map nil
-  "Keymap for git major mode.")
-
-(defvar git-status nil
-  "List of all files managed by the git-status mode.")
-
-(unless git-status-mode-map
-  (let ((map (make-keymap))
-        (commit-map (make-sparse-keymap))
-        (diff-map (make-sparse-keymap))
-        (toggle-map (make-sparse-keymap)))
-    (suppress-keymap map)
-    (define-key map "?"   'git-help)
-    (define-key map "h"   'git-help)
-    (define-key map " "   'git-next-file)
-    (define-key map "a"   'git-add-file)
-    (define-key map "c"   'git-commit-file)
-    (define-key map "\C-c" commit-map)
-    (define-key map "d"    diff-map)
-    (define-key map "="   'git-diff-file)
-    (define-key map "f"   'git-find-file)
-    (define-key map "\r"  'git-find-file)
-    (define-key map "g"   'git-refresh-status)
-    (define-key map "i"   'git-ignore-file)
-    (define-key map "I"   'git-insert-file)
-    (define-key map "l"   'git-log-file)
-    (define-key map "m"   'git-mark-file)
-    (define-key map "M"   'git-mark-all)
-    (define-key map "n"   'git-next-file)
-    (define-key map "N"   'git-next-unmerged-file)
-    (define-key map "o"   'git-find-file-other-window)
-    (define-key map "p"   'git-prev-file)
-    (define-key map "P"   'git-prev-unmerged-file)
-    (define-key map "q"   'git-status-quit)
-    (define-key map "r"   'git-remove-file)
-    (define-key map "t"    toggle-map)
-    (define-key map "T"   'git-toggle-all-marks)
-    (define-key map "u"   'git-unmark-file)
-    (define-key map "U"   'git-revert-file)
-    (define-key map "v"   'git-view-file)
-    (define-key map "x"   'git-remove-handled)
-    (define-key map "\C-?" 'git-unmark-file-up)
-    (define-key map "\M-\C-?" 'git-unmark-all)
-    ; the commit submap
-    (define-key commit-map "\C-a" 'git-amend-commit)
-    (define-key commit-map "\C-b" 'git-branch)
-    (define-key commit-map "\C-o" 'git-checkout)
-    (define-key commit-map "\C-p" 'git-cherry-pick-commit)
-    (define-key commit-map "\C-v" 'git-revert-commit)
-    ; the diff submap
-    (define-key diff-map "b" 'git-diff-file-base)
-    (define-key diff-map "c" 'git-diff-file-combined)
-    (define-key diff-map "=" 'git-diff-file)
-    (define-key diff-map "e" 'git-diff-file-idiff)
-    (define-key diff-map "E" 'git-find-file-imerge)
-    (define-key diff-map "h" 'git-diff-file-merge-head)
-    (define-key diff-map "m" 'git-diff-file-mine)
-    (define-key diff-map "o" 'git-diff-file-other)
-    ; the toggle submap
-    (define-key toggle-map "u" 'git-toggle-show-uptodate)
-    (define-key toggle-map "i" 'git-toggle-show-ignored)
-    (define-key toggle-map "k" 'git-toggle-show-unknown)
-    (define-key toggle-map "m" 'git-toggle-all-marks)
-    (setq git-status-mode-map map))
-  (easy-menu-define git-menu git-status-mode-map
-    "Git Menu"
-    `("Git"
-      ["Refresh" git-refresh-status t]
-      ["Commit" git-commit-file t]
-      ["Checkout..." git-checkout t]
-      ["New Branch..." git-branch t]
-      ["Cherry-pick Commit..." git-cherry-pick-commit t]
-      ["Revert Commit..." git-revert-commit t]
-      ("Merge"
-	["Next Unmerged File" git-next-unmerged-file t]
-	["Prev Unmerged File" git-prev-unmerged-file t]
-	["Interactive Merge File" git-find-file-imerge t]
-	["Diff Against Common Base File" git-diff-file-base t]
-	["Diff Combined" git-diff-file-combined t]
-	["Diff Against Merge Head" git-diff-file-merge-head t]
-	["Diff Against Mine" git-diff-file-mine t]
-	["Diff Against Other" git-diff-file-other t])
-      "--------"
-      ["Add File" git-add-file t]
-      ["Revert File" git-revert-file t]
-      ["Ignore File" git-ignore-file t]
-      ["Remove File" git-remove-file t]
-      ["Insert File" git-insert-file t]
-      "--------"
-      ["Find File" git-find-file t]
-      ["View File" git-view-file t]
-      ["Diff File" git-diff-file t]
-      ["Interactive Diff File" git-diff-file-idiff t]
-      ["Log" git-log-file t]
-      "--------"
-      ["Mark" git-mark-file t]
-      ["Mark All" git-mark-all t]
-      ["Unmark" git-unmark-file t]
-      ["Unmark All" git-unmark-all t]
-      ["Toggle All Marks" git-toggle-all-marks t]
-      ["Hide Handled Files" git-remove-handled t]
-      "--------"
-      ["Show Uptodate Files" git-toggle-show-uptodate :style toggle :selected git-show-uptodate]
-      ["Show Ignored Files" git-toggle-show-ignored :style toggle :selected git-show-ignored]
-      ["Show Unknown Files" git-toggle-show-unknown :style toggle :selected git-show-unknown]
-      "--------"
-      ["Quit" git-status-quit t])))
-
-
-;; git mode should only run in the *git status* buffer
-(put 'git-status-mode 'mode-class 'special)
-
-(defun git-status-mode ()
-  "Major mode for interacting with Git.
-Commands:
-\\{git-status-mode-map}"
-  (kill-all-local-variables)
-  (buffer-disable-undo)
-  (setq mode-name "git status"
-        major-mode 'git-status-mode
-        goal-column 17
-        buffer-read-only t)
-  (use-local-map git-status-mode-map)
-  (let ((buffer-read-only nil))
-    (erase-buffer)
-  (let ((status (ewoc-create 'git-fileinfo-prettyprint "" "")))
-    (set (make-local-variable 'git-status) status))
-  (set (make-local-variable 'list-buffers-directory) default-directory)
-  (make-local-variable 'git-show-uptodate)
-  (make-local-variable 'git-show-ignored)
-  (make-local-variable 'git-show-unknown)
-  (run-hooks 'git-status-mode-hook)))
-
-(defun git-find-status-buffer (dir)
-  "Find the git status buffer handling a specified directory."
-  (let ((list (buffer-list))
-        (fulldir (expand-file-name dir))
-        found)
-    (while (and list (not found))
-      (let ((buffer (car list)))
-        (with-current-buffer buffer
-          (when (and list-buffers-directory
-                     (string-equal fulldir (expand-file-name list-buffers-directory))
-		     (eq major-mode 'git-status-mode))
-            (setq found buffer))))
-      (setq list (cdr list)))
-    found))
-
-(defun git-status (dir)
-  "Entry point into git-status mode."
-  (interactive "DSelect directory: ")
-  (setq dir (git-get-top-dir dir))
-  (if (file-exists-p (concat (file-name-as-directory dir) ".git"))
-      (let ((buffer (or (and git-reuse-status-buffer (git-find-status-buffer dir))
-                        (create-file-buffer (expand-file-name "*git-status*" dir)))))
-        (switch-to-buffer buffer)
-        (cd dir)
-        (git-status-mode)
-        (git-refresh-status)
-        (goto-char (point-min))
-        (add-hook 'after-save-hook 'git-update-saved-file))
-    (message "%s is not a git working tree." dir)))
-
-(defun git-update-saved-file ()
-  "Update the corresponding git-status buffer when a file is saved.
-Meant to be used in `after-save-hook'."
-  (let* ((file (expand-file-name buffer-file-name))
-         (dir (condition-case nil (git-get-top-dir (file-name-directory file)) (error nil)))
-         (buffer (and dir (git-find-status-buffer dir))))
-    (when buffer
-      (with-current-buffer buffer
-        (let ((filename (file-relative-name file dir)))
-          ; skip files located inside the .git directory
-          (unless (string-match "^\\.git/" filename)
-            (git-call-process nil "add" "--refresh" "--" filename)
-            (git-update-status-files (list filename))))))))
-
-(defun git-help ()
-  "Display help for Git mode."
-  (interactive)
-  (describe-function 'git-status-mode))
-
-(provide 'git)
-;;; git.el ends here
+(error "git.el no longer ships with git. It's recommended to
+replace its use with Magit, or simply delete references to git.el
+in your initialization file(s). See contrib/emacs/README in git's
+sources (https://github.com/git/git/blob/master/contrib/emacs/README)
+for suggested alternatives and for why this happened. Emacs's own
+VC mode and Magit are viable alternatives.")
diff --git a/contrib/examples/README b/contrib/examples/README
index 6946f3dd2a..18bc60b021 100644
--- a/contrib/examples/README
+++ b/contrib/examples/README
@@ -1,3 +1,20 @@
-These are original scripted implementations, kept primarily for their
-reference value to any aspiring plumbing users who want to learn how
-pieces can be fit together.
+This directory used to contain scripted implementations of builtins
+that have since been rewritten in C.
+
+They have now been removed, but can be retrieved from an older commit
+that removed them from this directory.
+
+They're interesting for their reference value to any aspiring plumbing
+users who want to learn how pieces can be fit together, but in many
+cases have drifted enough from the actual implementations Git uses to
+be instructive.
+
+Other things that can be useful:
+
+ * Some commands such as git-gc wrap other commands, and what they're
+   doing behind the scenes can be seen by running them under
+   GIT_TRACE=1
+
+ * Doing `git log` on paths matching '*--helper.c' will show
+   incremental effort in the direction of moving existing shell
+   scripts to C.
diff --git a/contrib/examples/builtin-fetch--tool.c b/contrib/examples/builtin-fetch--tool.c
deleted file mode 100644
index ee1916641e..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/builtin-fetch--tool.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,575 +0,0 @@
-#include "builtin.h"
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "refs.h"
-#include "commit.h"
-#include "sigchain.h"
-
-static char *get_stdin(void)
-{
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 1024) < 0) {
-		die_errno("error reading standard input");
-	}
-	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
-}
-
-static void show_new(enum object_type type, unsigned char *sha1_new)
-{
-	fprintf(stderr, "  %s: %s\n", typename(type),
-		find_unique_abbrev(sha1_new, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-}
-
-static int update_ref_env(const char *action,
-		      const char *refname,
-		      unsigned char *sha1,
-		      unsigned char *oldval)
-{
-	char msg[1024];
-	const char *rla = getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION");
-
-	if (!rla)
-		rla = "(reflog update)";
-	if (snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "%s: %s", rla, action) >= sizeof(msg))
-		warning("reflog message too long: %.*s...", 50, msg);
-	return update_ref(msg, refname, sha1, oldval, 0,
-			  UPDATE_REFS_QUIET_ON_ERR);
-}
-
-static int update_local_ref(const char *name,
-			    const char *new_head,
-			    const char *note,
-			    int verbose, int force)
-{
-	unsigned char sha1_old[20], sha1_new[20];
-	char oldh[41], newh[41];
-	struct commit *current, *updated;
-	enum object_type type;
-
-	if (get_sha1_hex(new_head, sha1_new))
-		die("malformed object name %s", new_head);
-
-	type = sha1_object_info(sha1_new, NULL);
-	if (type < 0)
-		die("object %s not found", new_head);
-
-	if (!*name) {
-		/* Not storing */
-		if (verbose) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "* fetched %s\n", note);
-			show_new(type, sha1_new);
-		}
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (get_sha1(name, sha1_old)) {
-		const char *msg;
-	just_store:
-		/* new ref */
-		if (!strncmp(name, "refs/tags/", 10))
-			msg = "storing tag";
-		else
-			msg = "storing head";
-		fprintf(stderr, "* %s: storing %s\n",
-			name, note);
-		show_new(type, sha1_new);
-		return update_ref_env(msg, name, sha1_new, NULL);
-	}
-
-	if (!hashcmp(sha1_old, sha1_new)) {
-		if (verbose) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "* %s: same as %s\n", name, note);
-			show_new(type, sha1_new);
-		}
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (!strncmp(name, "refs/tags/", 10)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "* %s: updating with %s\n", name, note);
-		show_new(type, sha1_new);
-		return update_ref_env("updating tag", name, sha1_new, NULL);
-	}
-
-	current = lookup_commit_reference(sha1_old);
-	updated = lookup_commit_reference(sha1_new);
-	if (!current || !updated)
-		goto just_store;
-
-	strcpy(oldh, find_unique_abbrev(current->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-	strcpy(newh, find_unique_abbrev(sha1_new, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-
-	if (in_merge_bases(current, updated)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "* %s: fast-forward to %s\n",
-			name, note);
-		fprintf(stderr, "  old..new: %s..%s\n", oldh, newh);
-		return update_ref_env("fast-forward", name, sha1_new, sha1_old);
-	}
-	if (!force) {
-		fprintf(stderr,
-			"* %s: not updating to non-fast-forward %s\n",
-			name, note);
-		fprintf(stderr,
-			"  old...new: %s...%s\n", oldh, newh);
-		return 1;
-	}
-	fprintf(stderr,
-		"* %s: forcing update to non-fast-forward %s\n",
-		name, note);
-	fprintf(stderr, "  old...new: %s...%s\n", oldh, newh);
-	return update_ref_env("forced-update", name, sha1_new, sha1_old);
-}
-
-static int append_fetch_head(FILE *fp,
-			     const char *head, const char *remote,
-			     const char *remote_name, const char *remote_nick,
-			     const char *local_name, int not_for_merge,
-			     int verbose, int force)
-{
-	struct commit *commit;
-	int remote_len, i, note_len;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char note[1024];
-	const char *what, *kind;
-
-	if (get_sha1(head, sha1))
-		return error("Not a valid object name: %s", head);
-	commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
-	if (!commit)
-		not_for_merge = 1;
-
-	if (!strcmp(remote_name, "HEAD")) {
-		kind = "";
-		what = "";
-	}
-	else if (!strncmp(remote_name, "refs/heads/", 11)) {
-		kind = "branch";
-		what = remote_name + 11;
-	}
-	else if (!strncmp(remote_name, "refs/tags/", 10)) {
-		kind = "tag";
-		what = remote_name + 10;
-	}
-	else if (!strncmp(remote_name, "refs/remotes/", 13)) {
-		kind = "remote-tracking branch";
-		what = remote_name + 13;
-	}
-	else {
-		kind = "";
-		what = remote_name;
-	}
-
-	remote_len = strlen(remote);
-	for (i = remote_len - 1; remote[i] == '/' && 0 <= i; i--)
-		;
-	remote_len = i + 1;
-	if (4 < i && !strncmp(".git", remote + i - 3, 4))
-		remote_len = i - 3;
-
-	note_len = 0;
-	if (*what) {
-		if (*kind)
-			note_len += sprintf(note + note_len, "%s ", kind);
-		note_len += sprintf(note + note_len, "'%s' of ", what);
-	}
-	note_len += sprintf(note + note_len, "%.*s", remote_len, remote);
-	fprintf(fp, "%s\t%s\t%s\n",
-		sha1_to_hex(commit ? commit->object.sha1 : sha1),
-		not_for_merge ? "not-for-merge" : "",
-		note);
-	return update_local_ref(local_name, head, note, verbose, force);
-}
-
-static char *keep;
-static void remove_keep(void)
-{
-	if (keep && *keep)
-		unlink(keep);
-}
-
-static void remove_keep_on_signal(int signo)
-{
-	remove_keep();
-	sigchain_pop(signo);
-	raise(signo);
-}
-
-static char *find_local_name(const char *remote_name, const char *refs,
-			     int *force_p, int *not_for_merge_p)
-{
-	const char *ref = refs;
-	int len = strlen(remote_name);
-
-	while (ref) {
-		const char *next;
-		int single_force, not_for_merge;
-
-		while (*ref == '\n')
-			ref++;
-		if (!*ref)
-			break;
-		next = strchr(ref, '\n');
-
-		single_force = not_for_merge = 0;
-		if (*ref == '+') {
-			single_force = 1;
-			ref++;
-		}
-		if (*ref == '.') {
-			not_for_merge = 1;
-			ref++;
-			if (*ref == '+') {
-				single_force = 1;
-				ref++;
-			}
-		}
-		if (!strncmp(remote_name, ref, len) && ref[len] == ':') {
-			const char *local_part = ref + len + 1;
-			int retlen;
-
-			if (!next)
-				retlen = strlen(local_part);
-			else
-				retlen = next - local_part;
-			*force_p = single_force;
-			*not_for_merge_p = not_for_merge;
-			return xmemdupz(local_part, retlen);
-		}
-		ref = next;
-	}
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-static int fetch_native_store(FILE *fp,
-			      const char *remote,
-			      const char *remote_nick,
-			      const char *refs,
-			      int verbose, int force)
-{
-	char buffer[1024];
-	int err = 0;
-
-	sigchain_push_common(remove_keep_on_signal);
-	atexit(remove_keep);
-
-	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), stdin)) {
-		int len;
-		char *cp;
-		char *local_name;
-		int single_force, not_for_merge;
-
-		for (cp = buffer; *cp && !isspace(*cp); cp++)
-			;
-		if (*cp)
-			*cp++ = 0;
-		len = strlen(cp);
-		if (len && cp[len-1] == '\n')
-			cp[--len] = 0;
-		if (!strcmp(buffer, "failed"))
-			die("Fetch failure: %s", remote);
-		if (!strcmp(buffer, "pack"))
-			continue;
-		if (!strcmp(buffer, "keep")) {
-			char *od = get_object_directory();
-			int len = strlen(od) + strlen(cp) + 50;
-			keep = xmalloc(len);
-			sprintf(keep, "%s/pack/pack-%s.keep", od, cp);
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		local_name = find_local_name(cp, refs,
-					     &single_force, &not_for_merge);
-		if (!local_name)
-			continue;
-		err |= append_fetch_head(fp,
-					 buffer, remote, cp, remote_nick,
-					 local_name, not_for_merge,
-					 verbose, force || single_force);
-	}
-	return err;
-}
-
-static int parse_reflist(const char *reflist)
-{
-	const char *ref;
-
-	printf("refs='");
-	for (ref = reflist; ref; ) {
-		const char *next;
-		while (*ref && isspace(*ref))
-			ref++;
-		if (!*ref)
-			break;
-		for (next = ref; *next && !isspace(*next); next++)
-			;
-		printf("\n%.*s", (int)(next - ref), ref);
-		ref = next;
-	}
-	printf("'\n");
-
-	printf("rref='");
-	for (ref = reflist; ref; ) {
-		const char *next, *colon;
-		while (*ref && isspace(*ref))
-			ref++;
-		if (!*ref)
-			break;
-		for (next = ref; *next && !isspace(*next); next++)
-			;
-		if (*ref == '.')
-			ref++;
-		if (*ref == '+')
-			ref++;
-		colon = strchr(ref, ':');
-		putchar('\n');
-		printf("%.*s", (int)((colon ? colon : next) - ref), ref);
-		ref = next;
-	}
-	printf("'\n");
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int expand_refs_wildcard(const char *ls_remote_result, int numrefs,
-				const char **refs)
-{
-	int i, matchlen, replacelen;
-	int found_one = 0;
-	const char *remote = *refs++;
-	numrefs--;
-
-	if (numrefs == 0) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Nothing specified for fetching with remote.%s.fetch\n",
-			remote);
-		printf("empty\n");
-	}
-
-	for (i = 0; i < numrefs; i++) {
-		const char *ref = refs[i];
-		const char *lref = ref;
-		const char *colon;
-		const char *tail;
-		const char *ls;
-		const char *next;
-
-		if (*lref == '+')
-			lref++;
-		colon = strchr(lref, ':');
-		tail = lref + strlen(lref);
-		if (!(colon &&
-		      2 < colon - lref &&
-		      colon[-1] == '*' &&
-		      colon[-2] == '/' &&
-		      2 < tail - (colon + 1) &&
-		      tail[-1] == '*' &&
-		      tail[-2] == '/')) {
-			/* not a glob */
-			if (!found_one++)
-				printf("explicit\n");
-			printf("%s\n", ref);
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/* glob */
-		if (!found_one++)
-			printf("glob\n");
-
-		/* lref to colon-2 is remote hierarchy name;
-		 * colon+1 to tail-2 is local.
-		 */
-		matchlen = (colon-1) - lref;
-		replacelen = (tail-1) - (colon+1);
-		for (ls = ls_remote_result; ls; ls = next) {
-			const char *eol;
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
-			int namelen;
-
-			while (*ls && isspace(*ls))
-				ls++;
-			next = strchr(ls, '\n');
-			eol = !next ? (ls + strlen(ls)) : next;
-			if (!memcmp("^{}", eol-3, 3))
-				continue;
-			if (eol - ls < 40)
-				continue;
-			if (get_sha1_hex(ls, sha1))
-				continue;
-			ls += 40;
-			while (ls < eol && isspace(*ls))
-				ls++;
-			/* ls to next (or eol) is the name.
-			 * is it identical to lref to colon-2?
-			 */
-			if ((eol - ls) <= matchlen ||
-			    strncmp(ls, lref, matchlen))
-				continue;
-
-			/* Yes, it is a match */
-			namelen = eol - ls;
-			if (lref != ref)
-				putchar('+');
-			printf("%.*s:%.*s%.*s\n",
-			       namelen, ls,
-			       replacelen, colon + 1,
-			       namelen - matchlen, ls + matchlen);
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int pick_rref(int sha1_only, const char *rref, const char *ls_remote_result)
-{
-	int err = 0;
-	int lrr_count = lrr_count, i, pass;
-	const char *cp;
-	struct lrr {
-		const char *line;
-		const char *name;
-		int namelen;
-		int shown;
-	} *lrr_list = lrr_list;
-
-	for (pass = 0; pass < 2; pass++) {
-		/* pass 0 counts and allocates, pass 1 fills... */
-		cp = ls_remote_result;
-		i = 0;
-		while (1) {
-			const char *np;
-			while (*cp && isspace(*cp))
-				cp++;
-			if (!*cp)
-				break;
-			np = strchrnul(cp, '\n');
-			if (pass) {
-				lrr_list[i].line = cp;
-				lrr_list[i].name = cp + 41;
-				lrr_list[i].namelen = np - (cp + 41);
-			}
-			i++;
-			cp = np;
-		}
-		if (!pass) {
-			lrr_count = i;
-			lrr_list = xcalloc(lrr_count, sizeof(*lrr_list));
-		}
-	}
-
-	while (1) {
-		const char *next;
-		int rreflen;
-		int i;
-
-		while (*rref && isspace(*rref))
-			rref++;
-		if (!*rref)
-			break;
-		next = strchrnul(rref, '\n');
-		rreflen = next - rref;
-
-		for (i = 0; i < lrr_count; i++) {
-			struct lrr *lrr = &(lrr_list[i]);
-
-			if (rreflen == lrr->namelen &&
-			    !memcmp(lrr->name, rref, rreflen)) {
-				if (!lrr->shown)
-					printf("%.*s\n",
-					       sha1_only ? 40 : lrr->namelen + 41,
-					       lrr->line);
-				lrr->shown = 1;
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-		if (lrr_count <= i) {
-			error("pick-rref: %.*s not found", rreflen, rref);
-			err = 1;
-		}
-		rref = next;
-	}
-	free(lrr_list);
-	return err;
-}
-
-int cmd_fetch__tool(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
-{
-	int verbose = 0;
-	int force = 0;
-	int sopt = 0;
-
-	while (1 < argc) {
-		const char *arg = argv[1];
-		if (!strcmp("-v", arg))
-			verbose = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp("-f", arg))
-			force = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp("-s", arg))
-			sopt = 1;
-		else
-			break;
-		argc--;
-		argv++;
-	}
-
-	if (argc <= 1)
-		return error("Missing subcommand");
-
-	if (!strcmp("append-fetch-head", argv[1])) {
-		int result;
-		FILE *fp;
-		char *filename;
-
-		if (argc != 8)
-			return error("append-fetch-head takes 6 args");
-		filename = git_path("FETCH_HEAD");
-		fp = fopen(filename, "a");
-		if (!fp)
-			return error("cannot open %s: %s", filename, strerror(errno));
-		result = append_fetch_head(fp, argv[2], argv[3],
-					   argv[4], argv[5],
-					   argv[6], !!argv[7][0],
-					   verbose, force);
-		fclose(fp);
-		return result;
-	}
-	if (!strcmp("native-store", argv[1])) {
-		int result;
-		FILE *fp;
-		char *filename;
-
-		if (argc != 5)
-			return error("fetch-native-store takes 3 args");
-		filename = git_path("FETCH_HEAD");
-		fp = fopen(filename, "a");
-		if (!fp)
-			return error("cannot open %s: %s", filename, strerror(errno));
-		result = fetch_native_store(fp, argv[2], argv[3], argv[4],
-					    verbose, force);
-		fclose(fp);
-		return result;
-	}
-	if (!strcmp("parse-reflist", argv[1])) {
-		const char *reflist;
-		if (argc != 3)
-			return error("parse-reflist takes 1 arg");
-		reflist = argv[2];
-		if (!strcmp(reflist, "-"))
-			reflist = get_stdin();
-		return parse_reflist(reflist);
-	}
-	if (!strcmp("pick-rref", argv[1])) {
-		const char *ls_remote_result;
-		if (argc != 4)
-			return error("pick-rref takes 2 args");
-		ls_remote_result = argv[3];
-		if (!strcmp(ls_remote_result, "-"))
-			ls_remote_result = get_stdin();
-		return pick_rref(sopt, argv[2], ls_remote_result);
-	}
-	if (!strcmp("expand-refs-wildcard", argv[1])) {
-		const char *reflist;
-		if (argc < 4)
-			return error("expand-refs-wildcard takes at least 2 args");
-		reflist = argv[2];
-		if (!strcmp(reflist, "-"))
-			reflist = get_stdin();
-		return expand_refs_wildcard(reflist, argc - 3, argv + 3);
-	}
-
-	return error("Unknown subcommand: %s", argv[1]);
-}
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-checkout.sh b/contrib/examples/git-checkout.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 683cae7c3f..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-checkout.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,302 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=t
-OPTIONS_SPEC="\
-git-checkout [options] [<branch>] [<paths>...]
---
-b=          create a new branch started at <branch>
-l           create the new branch's reflog
-track       arrange that the new branch tracks the remote branch
-f           proceed even if the index or working tree is not HEAD
-m           merge local modifications into the new branch
-q,quiet     be quiet
-"
-SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Sometimes
-. git-sh-setup
-require_work_tree
-
-old_name=HEAD
-old=$(git rev-parse --verify $old_name 2>/dev/null)
-oldbranch=$(git symbolic-ref $old_name 2>/dev/null)
-new=
-new_name=
-force=
-branch=
-track=
-newbranch=
-newbranch_log=
-merge=
-quiet=
-v=-v
-LF='
-'
-
-while test $# != 0; do
-	case "$1" in
-	-b)
-		shift
-		newbranch="$1"
-		[ -z "$newbranch" ] &&
-			die "git checkout: -b needs a branch name"
-		git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$newbranch" &&
-			die "git checkout: branch $newbranch already exists"
-		git check-ref-format "heads/$newbranch" ||
-			die "git checkout: we do not like '$newbranch' as a branch name."
-		;;
-	-l)
-		newbranch_log=-l
-		;;
-	--track|--no-track)
-		track="$1"
-		;;
-	-f)
-		force=1
-		;;
-	-m)
-		merge=1
-		;;
-	-q|--quiet)
-		quiet=1
-		v=
-		;;
-	--)
-		shift
-		break
-		;;
-	*)
-		usage
-		;;
-	esac
-	shift
-done
-
-arg="$1"
-rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "$arg" 2>/dev/null)
-if rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "$rev^0" 2>/dev/null)
-then
-	[ -z "$rev" ] && die "unknown flag $arg"
-	new_name="$arg"
-	if git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$arg"
-	then
-		rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "refs/heads/$arg^0")
-		branch="$arg"
-	fi
-	new="$rev"
-	shift
-elif rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "$rev^{tree}" 2>/dev/null)
-then
-	# checking out selected paths from a tree-ish.
-	new="$rev"
-	new_name="$rev^{tree}"
-	shift
-fi
-[ "$1" = "--" ] && shift
-
-case "$newbranch,$track" in
-,--*)
-	die "git checkout: --track and --no-track require -b"
-esac
-
-case "$force$merge" in
-11)
-	die "git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible"
-esac
-
-# The behaviour of the command with and without explicit path
-# parameters is quite different.
-#
-# Without paths, we are checking out everything in the work tree,
-# possibly switching branches.  This is the traditional behaviour.
-#
-# With paths, we are _never_ switching branch, but checking out
-# the named paths from either index (when no rev is given),
-# or the named tree-ish (when rev is given).
-
-if test "$#" -ge 1
-then
-	hint=
-	if test "$#" -eq 1
-	then
-		hint="
-Did you intend to checkout '$@' which can not be resolved as commit?"
-	fi
-	if test '' != "$newbranch$force$merge"
-	then
-		die "git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches/forcing$hint"
-	fi
-	if test '' != "$new"
-	then
-		# from a specific tree-ish; note that this is for
-		# rescuing paths and is never meant to remove what
-		# is not in the named tree-ish.
-		git ls-tree --full-name -r "$new" "$@" |
-		git update-index --index-info || exit $?
-	fi
-
-	# Make sure the request is about existing paths.
-	git ls-files --full-name --error-unmatch -- "$@" >/dev/null || exit
-	git ls-files --full-name -- "$@" |
-		(cd_to_toplevel && git checkout-index -f -u --stdin)
-
-	# Run a post-checkout hook -- the HEAD does not change so the
-	# current HEAD is passed in for both args
-	if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-checkout; then
-	    "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-checkout $old $old 0
-	fi
-
-	exit $?
-else
-	# Make sure we did not fall back on $arg^{tree} codepath
-	# since we are not checking out from an arbitrary tree-ish,
-	# but switching branches.
-	if test '' != "$new"
-	then
-		git rev-parse --verify "$new^{commit}" >/dev/null 2>&1 ||
-		die "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit."
-	fi
-fi
-
-# We are switching branches and checking out trees, so
-# we *NEED* to be at the toplevel.
-cd_to_toplevel
-
-[ -z "$new" ] && new=$old && new_name="$old_name"
-
-# If we don't have an existing branch that we're switching to,
-# and we don't have a new branch name for the target we
-# are switching to, then we are detaching our HEAD from any
-# branch.  However, if "git checkout HEAD" detaches the HEAD
-# from the current branch, even though that may be logically
-# correct, it feels somewhat funny.  More importantly, we do not
-# want "git checkout" or "git checkout -f" to detach HEAD.
-
-detached=
-detach_warn=
-
-describe_detached_head () {
-	test -n "$quiet" || {
-		printf >&2 "$1 "
-		GIT_PAGER= git log >&2 -1 --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit "$2" --
-	}
-}
-
-if test -z "$branch$newbranch" && test "$new_name" != "$old_name"
-then
-	detached="$new"
-	if test -n "$oldbranch" && test -z "$quiet"
-	then
-		detach_warn="Note: moving to \"$new_name\" which isn't a local branch
-If you want to create a new branch from this checkout, you may do so
-(now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:
-  git checkout -b <new_branch_name>"
-	fi
-elif test -z "$oldbranch" && test "$new" != "$old"
-then
-	describe_detached_head 'Previous HEAD position was' "$old"
-fi
-
-if [ "X$old" = X ]
-then
-	if test -z "$quiet"
-	then
-		echo >&2 "warning: You appear to be on a branch yet to be born."
-		echo >&2 "warning: Forcing checkout of $new_name."
-	fi
-	force=1
-fi
-
-if [ "$force" ]
-then
-    git read-tree $v --reset -u $new
-else
-    git update-index --refresh >/dev/null
-    git read-tree $v -m -u --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore $old $new || (
-	case "$merge,$v" in
-	,*)
-		exit 1 ;;
-	1,)
-		;; # quiet
-	*)
-		echo >&2 "Falling back to 3-way merge..." ;;
-	esac
-
-	# Match the index to the working tree, and do a three-way.
-	git diff-files --name-only | git update-index --remove --stdin &&
-	work=$(git write-tree) &&
-	git read-tree $v --reset -u $new || exit
-
-	eval GITHEAD_$new='${new_name:-${branch:-$new}}' &&
-	eval GITHEAD_$work=local &&
-	export GITHEAD_$new GITHEAD_$work &&
-	git merge-recursive $old -- $new $work
-
-	# Do not register the cleanly merged paths in the index yet.
-	# this is not a real merge before committing, but just carrying
-	# the working tree changes along.
-	unmerged=$(git ls-files -u)
-	git read-tree $v --reset $new
-	case "$unmerged" in
-	'')	;;
-	*)
-		(
-			z40=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
-			echo "$unmerged" |
-			sed -e 's/^[0-7]* [0-9a-f]* /'"0 $z40 /"
-			echo "$unmerged"
-		) | git update-index --index-info
-		;;
-	esac
-	exit 0
-    )
-    saved_err=$?
-    if test "$saved_err" = 0 && test -z "$quiet"
-    then
-	git diff-index --name-status "$new"
-    fi
-    (exit $saved_err)
-fi
-
-#
-# Switch the HEAD pointer to the new branch if we
-# checked out a branch head, and remove any potential
-# old MERGE_HEAD's (subsequent commits will clearly not
-# be based on them, since we re-set the index)
-#
-if [ "$?" -eq 0 ]; then
-	if [ "$newbranch" ]; then
-		git branch $track $newbranch_log "$newbranch" "$new_name" || exit
-		branch="$newbranch"
-	fi
-	if test -n "$branch"
-	then
-		old_branch_name=$(expr "z$oldbranch" : 'zrefs/heads/\(.*\)')
-		GIT_DIR="$GIT_DIR" git symbolic-ref -m "checkout: moving from ${old_branch_name:-$old} to $branch" HEAD "refs/heads/$branch"
-		if test -n "$quiet"
-		then
-			true	# nothing
-		elif test "refs/heads/$branch" = "$oldbranch"
-		then
-			echo >&2 "Already on branch \"$branch\""
-		else
-			echo >&2 "Switched to${newbranch:+ a new} branch \"$branch\""
-		fi
-	elif test -n "$detached"
-	then
-		old_branch_name=$(expr "z$oldbranch" : 'zrefs/heads/\(.*\)')
-		git update-ref --no-deref -m "checkout: moving from ${old_branch_name:-$old} to $arg" HEAD "$detached" ||
-			die "Cannot detach HEAD"
-		if test -n "$detach_warn"
-		then
-			echo >&2 "$detach_warn"
-		fi
-		describe_detached_head 'HEAD is now at' HEAD
-	fi
-	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD"
-else
-	exit 1
-fi
-
-# Run a post-checkout hook
-if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-checkout; then
-	"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-checkout $old $new 1
-fi
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-clean.sh b/contrib/examples/git-clean.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 01c95e9fe8..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-clean.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,118 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2005-2006 Pavel Roskin
-#
-
-OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
-OPTIONS_SPEC="\
-git-clean [options] <paths>...
-
-Clean untracked files from the working directory
-
-When optional <paths>... arguments are given, the paths
-affected are further limited to those that match them.
---
-d remove directories as well
-f override clean.requireForce and clean anyway
-n don't remove anything, just show what would be done
-q be quiet, only report errors
-x remove ignored files as well
-X remove only ignored files"
-
-SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
-. git-sh-setup
-require_work_tree
-
-ignored=
-ignoredonly=
-cleandir=
-rmf="rm -f --"
-rmrf="rm -rf --"
-rm_refuse="echo Not removing"
-echo1="echo"
-
-disabled=$(git config --bool clean.requireForce)
-
-while test $# != 0
-do
-	case "$1" in
-	-d)
-		cleandir=1
-		;;
-	-f)
-		disabled=false
-		;;
-	-n)
-		disabled=false
-		rmf="echo Would remove"
-		rmrf="echo Would remove"
-		rm_refuse="echo Would not remove"
-		echo1=":"
-		;;
-	-q)
-		echo1=":"
-		;;
-	-x)
-		ignored=1
-		;;
-	-X)
-		ignoredonly=1
-		;;
-	--)
-		shift
-		break
-		;;
-	*)
-		usage # should not happen
-		;;
-	esac
-	shift
-done
-
-# requireForce used to default to false but now it defaults to true.
-# IOW, lack of explicit "clean.requireForce = false" is taken as
-# "clean.requireForce = true".
-case "$disabled" in
-"")
-	die "clean.requireForce not set and -n or -f not given; refusing to clean"
-	;;
-"true")
-	die "clean.requireForce set and -n or -f not given; refusing to clean"
-	;;
-esac
-
-if [ "$ignored,$ignoredonly" = "1,1" ]; then
-	die "-x and -X cannot be set together"
-fi
-
-if [ -z "$ignored" ]; then
-	excl="--exclude-per-directory=.gitignore"
-	excl_info= excludes_file=
-	if [ -f "$GIT_DIR/info/exclude" ]; then
-		excl_info="--exclude-from=$GIT_DIR/info/exclude"
-	fi
-	if cfg_excl=$(git config core.excludesfile) && test -f "$cfg_excl"
-	then
-		excludes_file="--exclude-from=$cfg_excl"
-	fi
-	if [ "$ignoredonly" ]; then
-		excl="$excl --ignored"
-	fi
-fi
-
-git ls-files --others --directory \
-	$excl ${excl_info:+"$excl_info"} ${excludes_file:+"$excludes_file"} \
-	-- "$@" |
-while read -r file; do
-	if [ -d "$file" -a ! -L "$file" ]; then
-		if [ -z "$cleandir" ]; then
-			$rm_refuse "$file"
-			continue
-		fi
-		$echo1 "Removing $file"
-		$rmrf "$file"
-	else
-		$echo1 "Removing $file"
-		$rmf "$file"
-	fi
-done
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-clone.sh b/contrib/examples/git-clone.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 08cf246bbb..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-clone.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,525 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2005, Linus Torvalds
-# Copyright (c) 2005, Junio C Hamano
-#
-# Clone a repository into a different directory that does not yet exist.
-
-# See git-sh-setup why.
-unset CDPATH
-
-OPTIONS_SPEC="\
-git-clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]
---
-n,no-checkout        don't create a checkout
-bare                 create a bare repository
-naked                create a bare repository
-l,local              to clone from a local repository
-no-hardlinks         don't use local hardlinks, always copy
-s,shared             setup as a shared repository
-template=            path to the template directory
-q,quiet              be quiet
-reference=           reference repository
-o,origin=            use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream
-u,upload-pack=       path to git-upload-pack on the remote
-depth=               create a shallow clone of that depth
-
-use-separate-remote  compatibility, do not use
-no-separate-remote   compatibility, do not use"
-
-die() {
-	echo >&2 "$@"
-	exit 1
-}
-
-usage() {
-	exec "$0" -h
-}
-
-eval "$(echo "$OPTIONS_SPEC" | git rev-parse --parseopt -- "$@" || echo exit $?)"
-
-get_repo_base() {
-	(
-		cd "$(/bin/pwd)" &&
-		cd "$1" || cd "$1.git" &&
-		{
-			cd .git
-			pwd
-		}
-	) 2>/dev/null
-}
-
-if [ -n "$GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY" -o \
-	"$(git config --bool http.sslVerify)" = false ]; then
-    curl_extra_args="-k"
-fi
-
-http_fetch () {
-	# $1 = Remote, $2 = Local
-	curl -nsfL $curl_extra_args "$1" >"$2"
-	curl_exit_status=$?
-	case $curl_exit_status in
-	126|127) exit ;;
-	*)	 return $curl_exit_status ;;
-	esac
-}
-
-clone_dumb_http () {
-	# $1 - remote, $2 - local
-	cd "$2" &&
-	clone_tmp="$GIT_DIR/clone-tmp" &&
-	mkdir -p "$clone_tmp" || exit 1
-	if [ -n "$GIT_CURL_FTP_NO_EPSV" -o \
-		"$(git config --bool http.noEPSV)" = true ]; then
-		curl_extra_args="${curl_extra_args} --disable-epsv"
-	fi
-	http_fetch "$1/info/refs" "$clone_tmp/refs" ||
-		die "Cannot get remote repository information.
-Perhaps git-update-server-info needs to be run there?"
-	test "z$quiet" = z && v=-v || v=
-	while read sha1 refname
-	do
-		name=$(expr "z$refname" : 'zrefs/\(.*\)') &&
-		case "$name" in
-		*^*)	continue;;
-		esac
-		case "$bare,$name" in
-		yes,* | ,heads/* | ,tags/*) ;;
-		*)	continue ;;
-		esac
-		if test -n "$use_separate_remote" &&
-		   branch_name=$(expr "z$name" : 'zheads/\(.*\)')
-		then
-			tname="remotes/$origin/$branch_name"
-		else
-			tname=$name
-		fi
-		git-http-fetch $v -a -w "$tname" "$sha1" "$1" || exit 1
-	done <"$clone_tmp/refs"
-	rm -fr "$clone_tmp"
-	http_fetch "$1/HEAD" "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD" ||
-	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD"
-	if test -f "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD"; then
-		head_sha1=$(cat "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD")
-		case "$head_sha1" in
-		'ref: refs/'*)
-			;;
-		*)
-			git-http-fetch $v -a "$head_sha1" "$1" ||
-			rm -f "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD"
-			;;
-		esac
-	fi
-}
-
-quiet=
-local=no
-use_local_hardlink=yes
-local_shared=no
-unset template
-no_checkout=
-upload_pack=
-bare=
-reference=
-origin=
-origin_override=
-use_separate_remote=t
-depth=
-no_progress=
-local_explicitly_asked_for=
-test -t 1 || no_progress=--no-progress
-
-while test $# != 0
-do
-	case "$1" in
-	-n|--no-checkout)
-		no_checkout=yes ;;
-	--naked|--bare)
-		bare=yes ;;
-	-l|--local)
-		local_explicitly_asked_for=yes
-		use_local_hardlink=yes
-		;;
-	--no-hardlinks)
-		use_local_hardlink=no ;;
-	-s|--shared)
-		local_shared=yes ;;
-	--template)
-		shift; template="--template=$1" ;;
-	-q|--quiet)
-		quiet=-q ;;
-	--use-separate-remote|--no-separate-remote)
-		die "clones are always made with separate-remote layout" ;;
-	--reference)
-		shift; reference="$1" ;;
-	-o|--origin)
-		shift;
-		case "$1" in
-		'')
-		    usage ;;
-		*/*)
-		    die "'$1' is not suitable for an origin name"
-		esac
-		git check-ref-format "heads/$1" ||
-		    die "'$1' is not suitable for a branch name"
-		test -z "$origin_override" ||
-		    die "Do not give more than one --origin options."
-		origin_override=yes
-		origin="$1"
-		;;
-	-u|--upload-pack)
-		shift
-		upload_pack="--upload-pack=$1" ;;
-	--depth)
-		shift
-		depth="--depth=$1" ;;
-	--)
-		shift
-		break ;;
-	*)
-		usage ;;
-	esac
-	shift
-done
-
-repo="$1"
-test -n "$repo" ||
-    die 'you must specify a repository to clone.'
-
-# --bare implies --no-checkout and --no-separate-remote
-if test yes = "$bare"
-then
-	if test yes = "$origin_override"
-	then
-		die '--bare and --origin $origin options are incompatible.'
-	fi
-	no_checkout=yes
-	use_separate_remote=
-fi
-
-if test -z "$origin"
-then
-	origin=origin
-fi
-
-# Turn the source into an absolute path if
-# it is local
-if base=$(get_repo_base "$repo"); then
-	repo="$base"
-	if test -z "$depth"
-	then
-		local=yes
-	fi
-elif test -f "$repo"
-then
-	case "$repo" in /*) ;; *) repo="$PWD/$repo" ;; esac
-fi
-
-# Decide the directory name of the new repository
-if test -n "$2"
-then
-	dir="$2"
-	test $# = 2 || die "excess parameter to git-clone"
-else
-	# Derive one from the repository name
-	# Try using "humanish" part of source repo if user didn't specify one
-	if test -f "$repo"
-	then
-		# Cloning from a bundle
-		dir=$(echo "$repo" | sed -e 's|/*\.bundle$||' -e 's|.*/||g')
-	else
-		dir=$(echo "$repo" |
-			sed -e 's|/$||' -e 's|:*/*\.git$||' -e 's|.*[/:]||g')
-	fi
-fi
-
-[ -e "$dir" ] && die "destination directory '$dir' already exists."
-[ yes = "$bare" ] && unset GIT_WORK_TREE
-[ -n "$GIT_WORK_TREE" ] && [ -e "$GIT_WORK_TREE" ] &&
-die "working tree '$GIT_WORK_TREE' already exists."
-D=
-W=
-cleanup() {
-	test -z "$D" && rm -rf "$dir"
-	test -z "$W" && test -n "$GIT_WORK_TREE" && rm -rf "$GIT_WORK_TREE"
-	cd ..
-	test -n "$D" && rm -rf "$D"
-	test -n "$W" && rm -rf "$W"
-	exit $err
-}
-trap 'err=$?; cleanup' 0
-mkdir -p "$dir" && D=$(cd "$dir" && pwd) || usage
-test -n "$GIT_WORK_TREE" && mkdir -p "$GIT_WORK_TREE" &&
-W=$(cd "$GIT_WORK_TREE" && pwd) && GIT_WORK_TREE="$W" && export GIT_WORK_TREE
-if test yes = "$bare" || test -n "$GIT_WORK_TREE"; then
-	GIT_DIR="$D"
-else
-	GIT_DIR="$D/.git"
-fi &&
-export GIT_DIR &&
-GIT_CONFIG="$GIT_DIR/config" git-init $quiet ${template+"$template"} || usage
-
-if test -n "$bare"
-then
-	GIT_CONFIG="$GIT_DIR/config" git config core.bare true
-fi
-
-if test -n "$reference"
-then
-	ref_git=
-	if test -d "$reference"
-	then
-		if test -d "$reference/.git/objects"
-		then
-			ref_git="$reference/.git"
-		elif test -d "$reference/objects"
-		then
-			ref_git="$reference"
-		fi
-	fi
-	if test -n "$ref_git"
-	then
-		ref_git=$(cd "$ref_git" && pwd)
-		echo "$ref_git/objects" >"$GIT_DIR/objects/info/alternates"
-		(
-			GIT_DIR="$ref_git" git for-each-ref \
-				--format='%(objectname) %(*objectname)'
-		) |
-		while read a b
-		do
-			test -z "$a" ||
-			git update-ref "refs/reference-tmp/$a" "$a"
-			test -z "$b" ||
-			git update-ref "refs/reference-tmp/$b" "$b"
-		done
-	else
-		die "reference repository '$reference' is not a local directory."
-	fi
-fi
-
-rm -f "$GIT_DIR/CLONE_HEAD"
-
-# We do local magic only when the user tells us to.
-case "$local" in
-yes)
-	( cd "$repo/objects" ) ||
-		die "cannot chdir to local '$repo/objects'."
-
-	if test "$local_shared" = yes
-	then
-		mkdir -p "$GIT_DIR/objects/info"
-		echo "$repo/objects" >>"$GIT_DIR/objects/info/alternates"
-	else
-		cpio_quiet_flag=""
-		cpio --help 2>&1 | grep -- --quiet >/dev/null && \
-			cpio_quiet_flag=--quiet
-		l= &&
-		if test "$use_local_hardlink" = yes
-		then
-			# See if we can hardlink and drop "l" if not.
-			sample_file=$(cd "$repo" && \
-				      find objects -type f -print | sed -e 1q)
-			# objects directory should not be empty because
-			# we are cloning!
-			test -f "$repo/$sample_file" ||
-				die "fatal: cannot clone empty repository"
-			if ln "$repo/$sample_file" "$GIT_DIR/objects/sample" 2>/dev/null
-			then
-				rm -f "$GIT_DIR/objects/sample"
-				l=l
-			elif test -n "$local_explicitly_asked_for"
-			then
-				echo >&2 "Warning: -l asked but cannot hardlink to $repo"
-			fi
-		fi &&
-		cd "$repo" &&
-		# Create dirs using umask and permissions and destination
-		find objects -type d -print | (cd "$GIT_DIR" && xargs mkdir -p) &&
-		# Copy existing 0444 permissions on content
-		find objects ! -type d -print | cpio $cpio_quiet_flag -pumd$l "$GIT_DIR/" || \
-			exit 1
-	fi
-	git-ls-remote "$repo" >"$GIT_DIR/CLONE_HEAD" || exit 1
-	;;
-*)
-	case "$repo" in
-	rsync://*)
-		case "$depth" in
-		"") ;;
-		*) die "shallow over rsync not supported" ;;
-		esac
-		rsync $quiet -av --ignore-existing  \
-			--exclude info "$repo/objects/" "$GIT_DIR/objects/" ||
-		exit
-		# Look at objects/info/alternates for rsync -- http will
-		# support it natively and git native ones will do it on the
-		# remote end.  Not having that file is not a crime.
-		rsync -q "$repo/objects/info/alternates" \
-			"$GIT_DIR/TMP_ALT" 2>/dev/null ||
-			rm -f "$GIT_DIR/TMP_ALT"
-		if test -f "$GIT_DIR/TMP_ALT"
-		then
-		    ( cd "$D" &&
-		      . git-parse-remote &&
-		      resolve_alternates "$repo" <"$GIT_DIR/TMP_ALT" ) |
-		    while read alt
-		    do
-			case "$alt" in 'bad alternate: '*) die "$alt";; esac
-			case "$quiet" in
-			'')	echo >&2 "Getting alternate: $alt" ;;
-			esac
-			rsync $quiet -av --ignore-existing  \
-			    --exclude info "$alt" "$GIT_DIR/objects" || exit
-		    done
-		    rm -f "$GIT_DIR/TMP_ALT"
-		fi
-		git-ls-remote "$repo" >"$GIT_DIR/CLONE_HEAD" || exit 1
-		;;
-	https://*|http://*|ftp://*)
-		case "$depth" in
-		"") ;;
-		*) die "shallow over http or ftp not supported" ;;
-		esac
-		if test -z "@@NO_CURL@@"
-		then
-			clone_dumb_http "$repo" "$D"
-		else
-			die "http transport not supported, rebuild Git with curl support"
-		fi
-		;;
-	*)
-		if [ -f "$repo" ] ; then
-			git bundle unbundle "$repo" > "$GIT_DIR/CLONE_HEAD" ||
-			die "unbundle from '$repo' failed."
-		else
-			case "$upload_pack" in
-			'') git-fetch-pack --all -k $quiet $depth $no_progress "$repo";;
-			*) git-fetch-pack --all -k \
-				$quiet "$upload_pack" $depth $no_progress "$repo" ;;
-			esac >"$GIT_DIR/CLONE_HEAD" ||
-			die "fetch-pack from '$repo' failed."
-		fi
-		;;
-	esac
-	;;
-esac
-test -d "$GIT_DIR/refs/reference-tmp" && rm -fr "$GIT_DIR/refs/reference-tmp"
-
-if test -f "$GIT_DIR/CLONE_HEAD"
-then
-	# Read git-fetch-pack -k output and store the remote branches.
-	if [ -n "$use_separate_remote" ]
-	then
-		branch_top="remotes/$origin"
-	else
-		branch_top="heads"
-	fi
-	tag_top="tags"
-	while read sha1 name
-	do
-		case "$name" in
-		*'^{}')
-			continue ;;
-		HEAD)
-			destname="REMOTE_HEAD" ;;
-		refs/heads/*)
-			destname="refs/$branch_top/${name#refs/heads/}" ;;
-		refs/tags/*)
-			destname="refs/$tag_top/${name#refs/tags/}" ;;
-		*)
-			continue ;;
-		esac
-		git update-ref -m "clone: from $repo" "$destname" "$sha1" ""
-	done < "$GIT_DIR/CLONE_HEAD"
-fi
-
-if test -n "$W"; then
-	cd "$W" || exit
-else
-	cd "$D" || exit
-fi
-
-if test -z "$bare"
-then
-	# a non-bare repository is always in separate-remote layout
-	remote_top="refs/remotes/$origin"
-	head_sha1=
-	test ! -r "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD" || head_sha1=$(cat "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD")
-	case "$head_sha1" in
-	'ref: refs/'*)
-		# Uh-oh, the remote told us (http transport done against
-		# new style repository with a symref HEAD).
-		# Ideally we should skip the guesswork but for now
-		# opt for minimum change.
-		head_sha1=$(expr "z$head_sha1" : 'zref: refs/heads/\(.*\)')
-		head_sha1=$(cat "$GIT_DIR/$remote_top/$head_sha1")
-		;;
-	esac
-
-	# The name under $remote_top the remote HEAD seems to point at.
-	head_points_at=$(
-		(
-			test -f "$GIT_DIR/$remote_top/master" && echo "master"
-			cd "$GIT_DIR/$remote_top" &&
-			find . -type f -print | sed -e 's/^\.\///'
-		) | (
-		done=f
-		while read name
-		do
-			test t = $done && continue
-			branch_tip=$(cat "$GIT_DIR/$remote_top/$name")
-			if test "$head_sha1" = "$branch_tip"
-			then
-				echo "$name"
-				done=t
-			fi
-		done
-		)
-	)
-
-	# Upstream URL
-	git config remote."$origin".url "$repo" &&
-
-	# Set up the mappings to track the remote branches.
-	git config remote."$origin".fetch \
-		"+refs/heads/*:$remote_top/*" '^$' &&
-
-	# Write out remote.$origin config, and update our "$head_points_at".
-	case "$head_points_at" in
-	?*)
-		# Local default branch
-		git symbolic-ref HEAD "refs/heads/$head_points_at" &&
-
-		# Tracking branch for the primary branch at the remote.
-		git update-ref HEAD "$head_sha1" &&
-
-		rm -f "refs/remotes/$origin/HEAD"
-		git symbolic-ref "refs/remotes/$origin/HEAD" \
-			"refs/remotes/$origin/$head_points_at" &&
-
-		git config branch."$head_points_at".remote "$origin" &&
-		git config branch."$head_points_at".merge "refs/heads/$head_points_at"
-		;;
-	'')
-		if test -z "$head_sha1"
-		then
-			# Source had nonexistent ref in HEAD
-			echo >&2 "Warning: Remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout."
-			no_checkout=t
-		else
-			# Source had detached HEAD pointing nowhere
-			git update-ref --no-deref HEAD "$head_sha1" &&
-			rm -f "refs/remotes/$origin/HEAD"
-		fi
-		;;
-	esac
-
-	case "$no_checkout" in
-	'')
-		test "z$quiet" = z && test "z$no_progress" = z && v=-v || v=
-		git read-tree -m -u $v HEAD HEAD
-	esac
-fi
-rm -f "$GIT_DIR/CLONE_HEAD" "$GIT_DIR/REMOTE_HEAD"
-
-trap - 0
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-commit.sh b/contrib/examples/git-commit.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 934505bab9..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-commit.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,639 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2005 Linus Torvalds
-# Copyright (c) 2006 Junio C Hamano
-
-USAGE='[-a | --interactive] [-s] [-v] [--no-verify] [-m <message> | -F <logfile> | (-C|-c) <commit> | --amend] [-u] [-e] [--author <author>] [--template <file>] [[-i | -o] <path>...]'
-SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
-OPTIONS_SPEC=
-. git-sh-setup
-require_work_tree
-
-git rev-parse --verify HEAD >/dev/null 2>&1 || initial_commit=t
-
-case "$0" in
-*status)
-	status_only=t
-	;;
-*commit)
-	status_only=
-	;;
-esac
-
-refuse_partial () {
-	echo >&2 "$1"
-	echo >&2 "You might have meant to say 'git commit -i paths...', perhaps?"
-	exit 1
-}
-
-TMP_INDEX=
-THIS_INDEX="${GIT_INDEX_FILE:-$GIT_DIR/index}"
-NEXT_INDEX="$GIT_DIR/next-index$$"
-rm -f "$NEXT_INDEX"
-save_index () {
-	cp -p "$THIS_INDEX" "$NEXT_INDEX"
-}
-
-run_status () {
-	# If TMP_INDEX is defined, that means we are doing
-	# "--only" partial commit, and that index file is used
-	# to build the tree for the commit.  Otherwise, if
-	# NEXT_INDEX exists, that is the index file used to
-	# make the commit.  Otherwise we are using as-is commit
-	# so the regular index file is what we use to compare.
-	if test '' != "$TMP_INDEX"
-	then
-		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMP_INDEX"
-		export GIT_INDEX_FILE
-	elif test -f "$NEXT_INDEX"
-	then
-		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$NEXT_INDEX"
-		export GIT_INDEX_FILE
-	fi
-
-	if test "$status_only" = "t" || test "$use_status_color" = "t"; then
-		color=
-	else
-		color=--nocolor
-	fi
-	git runstatus ${color} \
-		${verbose:+--verbose} \
-		${amend:+--amend} \
-		${untracked_files:+--untracked}
-}
-
-trap '
-	test -z "$TMP_INDEX" || {
-		test -f "$TMP_INDEX" && rm -f "$TMP_INDEX"
-	}
-	rm -f "$NEXT_INDEX"
-' 0
-
-################################################################
-# Command line argument parsing and sanity checking
-
-all=
-also=
-allow_empty=f
-interactive=
-only=
-logfile=
-use_commit=
-amend=
-edit_flag=
-no_edit=
-log_given=
-log_message=
-verify=t
-quiet=
-verbose=
-signoff=
-force_author=
-only_include_assumed=
-untracked_files=
-templatefile="$(git config commit.template)"
-while test $# != 0
-do
-	case "$1" in
-	-F|--F|-f|--f|--fi|--fil|--file)
-		case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
-		shift
-		no_edit=t
-		log_given=t$log_given
-		logfile="$1"
-		;;
-	-F*|-f*)
-		no_edit=t
-		log_given=t$log_given
-		logfile="${1#-[Ff]}"
-		;;
-	--F=*|--f=*|--fi=*|--fil=*|--file=*)
-		no_edit=t
-		log_given=t$log_given
-		logfile="${1#*=}"
-		;;
-	-a|--a|--al|--all)
-		all=t
-		;;
-	--allo|--allow|--allow-|--allow-e|--allow-em|--allow-emp|\
-	--allow-empt|--allow-empty)
-		allow_empty=t
-		;;
-	--au=*|--aut=*|--auth=*|--autho=*|--author=*)
-		force_author="${1#*=}"
-		;;
-	--au|--aut|--auth|--autho|--author)
-		case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
-		shift
-		force_author="$1"
-		;;
-	-e|--e|--ed|--edi|--edit)
-		edit_flag=t
-		;;
-	-i|--i|--in|--inc|--incl|--inclu|--includ|--include)
-		also=t
-		;;
-	--int|--inte|--inter|--intera|--interac|--interact|--interacti|\
-	--interactiv|--interactive)
-		interactive=t
-		;;
-	-o|--o|--on|--onl|--only)
-		only=t
-		;;
-	-m|--m|--me|--mes|--mess|--messa|--messag|--message)
-		case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
-		shift
-		log_given=m$log_given
-		log_message="${log_message:+${log_message}
-
-}$1"
-		no_edit=t
-		;;
-	-m*)
-		log_given=m$log_given
-		log_message="${log_message:+${log_message}
-
-}${1#-m}"
-		no_edit=t
-		;;
-	--m=*|--me=*|--mes=*|--mess=*|--messa=*|--messag=*|--message=*)
-		log_given=m$log_given
-		log_message="${log_message:+${log_message}
-
-}${1#*=}"
-		no_edit=t
-		;;
-	-n|--n|--no|--no-|--no-v|--no-ve|--no-ver|--no-veri|--no-verif|\
-	--no-verify)
-		verify=
-		;;
-	--a|--am|--ame|--amen|--amend)
-		amend=t
-		use_commit=HEAD
-		;;
-	-c)
-		case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
-		shift
-		log_given=t$log_given
-		use_commit="$1"
-		no_edit=
-		;;
-	--ree=*|--reed=*|--reedi=*|--reedit=*|--reedit-=*|--reedit-m=*|\
-	--reedit-me=*|--reedit-mes=*|--reedit-mess=*|--reedit-messa=*|\
-	--reedit-messag=*|--reedit-message=*)
-		log_given=t$log_given
-		use_commit="${1#*=}"
-		no_edit=
-		;;
-	--ree|--reed|--reedi|--reedit|--reedit-|--reedit-m|--reedit-me|\
-	--reedit-mes|--reedit-mess|--reedit-messa|--reedit-messag|\
-	--reedit-message)
-		case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
-		shift
-		log_given=t$log_given
-		use_commit="$1"
-		no_edit=
-		;;
-	-C)
-		case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
-		shift
-		log_given=t$log_given
-		use_commit="$1"
-		no_edit=t
-		;;
-	--reu=*|--reus=*|--reuse=*|--reuse-=*|--reuse-m=*|--reuse-me=*|\
-	--reuse-mes=*|--reuse-mess=*|--reuse-messa=*|--reuse-messag=*|\
-	--reuse-message=*)
-		log_given=t$log_given
-		use_commit="${1#*=}"
-		no_edit=t
-		;;
-	--reu|--reus|--reuse|--reuse-|--reuse-m|--reuse-me|--reuse-mes|\
-	--reuse-mess|--reuse-messa|--reuse-messag|--reuse-message)
-		case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
-		shift
-		log_given=t$log_given
-		use_commit="$1"
-		no_edit=t
-		;;
-	-s|--s|--si|--sig|--sign|--signo|--signof|--signoff)
-		signoff=t
-		;;
-	-t|--t|--te|--tem|--temp|--templ|--templa|--templat|--template)
-		case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
-		shift
-		templatefile="$1"
-		no_edit=
-		;;
-	-q|--q|--qu|--qui|--quie|--quiet)
-		quiet=t
-		;;
-	-v|--v|--ve|--ver|--verb|--verbo|--verbos|--verbose)
-		verbose=t
-		;;
-	-u|--u|--un|--unt|--untr|--untra|--untrac|--untrack|--untracke|\
-	--untracked|--untracked-|--untracked-f|--untracked-fi|--untracked-fil|\
-	--untracked-file|--untracked-files)
-		untracked_files=t
-		;;
-	--)
-		shift
-		break
-		;;
-	-*)
-		usage
-		;;
-	*)
-		break
-		;;
-	esac
-	shift
-done
-case "$edit_flag" in t) no_edit= ;; esac
-
-################################################################
-# Sanity check options
-
-case "$amend,$initial_commit" in
-t,t)
-	die "You do not have anything to amend." ;;
-t,)
-	if [ -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then
-		die "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
-	fi ;;
-esac
-
-case "$log_given" in
-tt*)
-	die "Only one of -c/-C/-F can be used." ;;
-*tm*|*mt*)
-	die "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F." ;;
-esac
-
-case "$#,$also,$only,$amend" in
-*,t,t,*)
-	die "Only one of --include/--only can be used." ;;
-0,t,,* | 0,,t,)
-	die "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense." ;;
-0,,t,t)
-	only_include_assumed="# Clever... amending the last one with dirty index." ;;
-0,,,*)
-	;;
-*,,,*)
-	only_include_assumed="# Explicit paths specified without -i or -o; assuming --only paths..."
-	also=
-	;;
-esac
-unset only
-case "$all,$interactive,$also,$#" in
-*t,*t,*)
-	die "Cannot use -a, --interactive or -i at the same time." ;;
-t,,,[1-9]*)
-	die "Paths with -a does not make sense." ;;
-,t,,[1-9]*)
-	die "Paths with --interactive does not make sense." ;;
-,,t,0)
-	die "No paths with -i does not make sense." ;;
-esac
-
-if test ! -z "$templatefile" && test -z "$log_given"
-then
-	if test ! -f "$templatefile"
-	then
-		die "Commit template file does not exist."
-	fi
-fi
-
-################################################################
-# Prepare index to have a tree to be committed
-
-case "$all,$also" in
-t,)
-	if test ! -f "$THIS_INDEX"
-	then
-		die 'nothing to commit (use "git add file1 file2" to include for commit)'
-	fi
-	save_index &&
-	(
-		cd_to_toplevel &&
-		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$NEXT_INDEX" &&
-		export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
-		git diff-files --name-only -z |
-		git update-index --remove -z --stdin
-	) || exit
-	;;
-,t)
-	save_index &&
-	git ls-files --error-unmatch -- "$@" >/dev/null || exit
-
-	git diff-files --name-only -z -- "$@"  |
-	(
-		cd_to_toplevel &&
-		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$NEXT_INDEX" &&
-		export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
-		git update-index --remove -z --stdin
-	) || exit
-	;;
-,)
-	if test "$interactive" = t; then
-		git add --interactive || exit
-	fi
-	case "$#" in
-	0)
-		;; # commit as-is
-	*)
-		if test -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD"
-		then
-			refuse_partial "Cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
-		fi
-
-		TMP_INDEX="$GIT_DIR/tmp-index$$"
-		W=
-		test -z "$initial_commit" && W=--with-tree=HEAD
-		commit_only=$(git ls-files --error-unmatch $W -- "$@") || exit
-
-		# Build a temporary index and update the real index
-		# the same way.
-		if test -z "$initial_commit"
-		then
-			GIT_INDEX_FILE="$THIS_INDEX" \
-			git read-tree --index-output="$TMP_INDEX" -i -m HEAD
-		else
-			rm -f "$TMP_INDEX"
-		fi || exit
-
-		printf '%s\n' "$commit_only" |
-		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMP_INDEX" \
-		git update-index --add --remove --stdin &&
-
-		save_index &&
-		printf '%s\n' "$commit_only" |
-		(
-			GIT_INDEX_FILE="$NEXT_INDEX"
-			export GIT_INDEX_FILE
-			git update-index --add --remove --stdin
-		) || exit
-		;;
-	esac
-	;;
-esac
-
-################################################################
-# If we do as-is commit, the index file will be THIS_INDEX,
-# otherwise NEXT_INDEX after we make this commit.  We leave
-# the index as is if we abort.
-
-if test -f "$NEXT_INDEX"
-then
-	USE_INDEX="$NEXT_INDEX"
-else
-	USE_INDEX="$THIS_INDEX"
-fi
-
-case "$status_only" in
-t)
-	# This will silently fail in a read-only repository, which is
-	# what we want.
-	GIT_INDEX_FILE="$USE_INDEX" git update-index -q --unmerged --refresh
-	run_status
-	exit $?
-	;;
-'')
-	GIT_INDEX_FILE="$USE_INDEX" git update-index -q --refresh || exit
-	;;
-esac
-
-################################################################
-# Grab commit message, write out tree and make commit.
-
-if test t = "$verify" && test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/pre-commit
-then
-    GIT_INDEX_FILE="${TMP_INDEX:-${USE_INDEX}}" "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/pre-commit \
-    || exit
-fi
-
-if test "$log_message" != ''
-then
-	printf '%s\n' "$log_message"
-elif test "$logfile" != ""
-then
-	if test "$logfile" = -
-	then
-		test -t 0 &&
-		echo >&2 "(reading log message from standard input)"
-		cat
-	else
-		cat <"$logfile"
-	fi
-elif test "$use_commit" != ""
-then
-	encoding=$(git config i18n.commitencoding || echo UTF-8)
-	git show -s --pretty=raw --encoding="$encoding" "$use_commit" |
-	sed -e '1,/^$/d' -e 's/^    //'
-elif test -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG"
-then
-	cat "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG"
-elif test -f "$GIT_DIR/SQUASH_MSG"
-then
-	cat "$GIT_DIR/SQUASH_MSG"
-elif test "$templatefile" != ""
-then
-	cat "$templatefile"
-fi | git stripspace >"$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG
-
-case "$signoff" in
-t)
-	sign=$(git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT | sed -e '
-		s/>.*/>/
-		s/^/Signed-off-by: /
-		')
-	blank_before_signoff=
-	tail -n 1 "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG |
-	grep 'Signed-off-by:' >/dev/null || blank_before_signoff='
-'
-	tail -n 1 "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG |
-	grep "$sign"$ >/dev/null ||
-	printf '%s%s\n' "$blank_before_signoff" "$sign" \
-		>>"$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG
-	;;
-esac
-
-if test -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD" && test -z "$no_edit"; then
-	echo "#"
-	echo "# It looks like you may be committing a MERGE."
-	echo "# If this is not correct, please remove the file"
-	printf '%s\n' "#	$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD"
-	echo "# and try again"
-	echo "#"
-fi >>"$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG
-
-# Author
-if test '' != "$use_commit"
-then
-	eval "$(get_author_ident_from_commit "$use_commit")"
-	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
-fi
-if test '' != "$force_author"
-then
-	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=$(expr "z$force_author" : 'z\(.*[^ ]\) *<.*') &&
-	GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=$(expr "z$force_author" : '.*\(<.*\)') &&
-	test '' != "$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" &&
-	test '' != "$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" ||
-	die "malformed --author parameter"
-	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
-fi
-
-PARENTS="-p HEAD"
-if test -z "$initial_commit"
-then
-	rloga='commit'
-	if [ -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then
-		rloga='commit (merge)'
-		PARENTS="-p HEAD "$(sed -e 's/^/-p /' "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD")
-	elif test -n "$amend"; then
-		rloga='commit (amend)'
-		PARENTS=$(git cat-file commit HEAD |
-			sed -n -e '/^$/q' -e 's/^parent /-p /p')
-	fi
-	current="$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)"
-else
-	if [ -z "$(git ls-files)" ]; then
-		echo >&2 'nothing to commit (use "git add file1 file2" to include for commit)'
-		exit 1
-	fi
-	PARENTS=""
-	rloga='commit (initial)'
-	current=''
-fi
-set_reflog_action "$rloga"
-
-if test -z "$no_edit"
-then
-	{
-		echo ""
-		echo "# Please enter the commit message for your changes."
-		echo "# (Comment lines starting with '#' will not be included)"
-		test -z "$only_include_assumed" || echo "$only_include_assumed"
-		run_status
-	} >>"$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG
-else
-	# we need to check if there is anything to commit
-	run_status >/dev/null
-fi
-case "$allow_empty,$?,$PARENTS" in
-t,* | ?,0,* | ?,*,-p' '?*-p' '?*)
-	# an explicit --allow-empty, or a merge commit can record the
-	# same tree as its parent.  Otherwise having commitable paths
-	# is required.
-	;;
-*)
-	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/COMMIT_EDITMSG" "$GIT_DIR/SQUASH_MSG"
-	use_status_color=t
-	run_status
-	exit 1
-esac
-
-case "$no_edit" in
-'')
-	git var GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT > /dev/null  || die
-	git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT > /dev/null  || die
-	git_editor "$GIT_DIR/COMMIT_EDITMSG"
-	;;
-esac
-
-case "$verify" in
-t)
-	if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/commit-msg
-	then
-		"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/commit-msg "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG || exit
-	fi
-esac
-
-if test -z "$no_edit"
-then
-    sed -e '
-        /^diff --git a\/.*/{
-	    s///
-	    q
-	}
-	/^#/d
-    ' "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG
-else
-    cat "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_EDITMSG
-fi |
-git stripspace >"$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_MSG
-
-# Test whether the commit message has any content we didn't supply.
-have_commitmsg=
-grep -v -i '^Signed-off-by' "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_MSG |
-	git stripspace > "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_BAREMSG
-
-# Is the commit message totally empty?
-if test -s "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_BAREMSG
-then
-	if test "$templatefile" != ""
-	then
-		# Test whether this is just the unaltered template.
-		if cnt=`sed -e '/^#/d' < "$templatefile" |
-			git stripspace |
-			diff "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_BAREMSG - |
-			wc -l` &&
-		   test 0 -lt $cnt
-		then
-			have_commitmsg=t
-		fi
-	else
-		# No template, so the content in the commit message must
-		# have come from the user.
-		have_commitmsg=t
-	fi
-fi
-
-rm -f "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_BAREMSG
-
-if test "$have_commitmsg" = "t"
-then
-	if test -z "$TMP_INDEX"
-	then
-		tree=$(GIT_INDEX_FILE="$USE_INDEX" git write-tree)
-	else
-		tree=$(GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMP_INDEX" git write-tree) &&
-		rm -f "$TMP_INDEX"
-	fi &&
-	commit=$(git commit-tree $tree $PARENTS <"$GIT_DIR/COMMIT_MSG") &&
-	rlogm=$(sed -e 1q "$GIT_DIR"/COMMIT_MSG) &&
-	git update-ref -m "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: $rlogm" HEAD $commit "$current" &&
-	rm -f -- "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD" "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG" &&
-	if test -f "$NEXT_INDEX"
-	then
-		mv "$NEXT_INDEX" "$THIS_INDEX"
-	else
-		: ;# happy
-	fi
-else
-	echo >&2 "* no commit message?  aborting commit."
-	false
-fi
-ret="$?"
-rm -f "$GIT_DIR/COMMIT_MSG" "$GIT_DIR/COMMIT_EDITMSG" "$GIT_DIR/SQUASH_MSG"
-
-cd_to_toplevel
-
-git rerere
-
-if test "$ret" = 0
-then
-	git gc --auto
-	if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-commit
-	then
-		"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-commit
-	fi
-	if test -z "$quiet"
-	then
-		commit=`git diff-tree --always --shortstat --pretty="format:%h: %s"\
-		       --abbrev --summary --root HEAD --`
-		echo "Created${initial_commit:+ initial} commit $commit"
-	fi
-fi
-
-exit "$ret"
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-fetch.sh b/contrib/examples/git-fetch.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 554070909c..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-fetch.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,379 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-
-USAGE='<fetch-options> <repository> <refspec>...'
-SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
-. git-sh-setup
-set_reflog_action "fetch $*"
-cd_to_toplevel ;# probably unnecessary...
-
-. git-parse-remote
-_x40='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
-_x40="$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40"
-
-LF='
-'
-IFS="$LF"
-
-no_tags=
-tags=
-append=
-force=
-verbose=
-update_head_ok=
-exec=
-keep=
-shallow_depth=
-no_progress=
-test -t 1 || no_progress=--no-progress
-quiet=
-while test $# != 0
-do
-	case "$1" in
-	-a|--a|--ap|--app|--appe|--appen|--append)
-		append=t
-		;;
-	--upl|--uplo|--uploa|--upload|--upload-|--upload-p|\
-	--upload-pa|--upload-pac|--upload-pack)
-		shift
-		exec="--upload-pack=$1"
-		;;
-	--upl=*|--uplo=*|--uploa=*|--upload=*|\
-	--upload-=*|--upload-p=*|--upload-pa=*|--upload-pac=*|--upload-pack=*)
-		exec=--upload-pack=$(expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)')
-		shift
-		;;
-	-f|--f|--fo|--for|--forc|--force)
-		force=t
-		;;
-	-t|--t|--ta|--tag|--tags)
-		tags=t
-		;;
-	-n|--n|--no|--no-|--no-t|--no-ta|--no-tag|--no-tags)
-		no_tags=t
-		;;
-	-u|--u|--up|--upd|--upda|--updat|--update|--update-|--update-h|\
-	--update-he|--update-hea|--update-head|--update-head-|\
-	--update-head-o|--update-head-ok)
-		update_head_ok=t
-		;;
-	-q|--q|--qu|--qui|--quie|--quiet)
-		quiet=--quiet
-		;;
-	-v|--verbose)
-		verbose="$verbose"Yes
-		;;
-	-k|--k|--ke|--kee|--keep)
-		keep='-k -k'
-		;;
-	--depth=*)
-		shallow_depth="--depth=$(expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)')"
-		;;
-	--depth)
-		shift
-		shallow_depth="--depth=$1"
-		;;
-	-*)
-		usage
-		;;
-	*)
-		break
-		;;
-	esac
-	shift
-done
-
-case "$#" in
-0)
-	origin=$(get_default_remote)
-	test -n "$(get_remote_url ${origin})" ||
-		die "Where do you want to fetch from today?"
-	set x $origin ; shift ;;
-esac
-
-if test -z "$exec"
-then
-	# No command line override and we have configuration for the remote.
-	exec="--upload-pack=$(get_uploadpack $1)"
-fi
-
-remote_nick="$1"
-remote=$(get_remote_url "$@")
-refs=
-rref=
-rsync_slurped_objects=
-
-if test "" = "$append"
-then
-	: >"$GIT_DIR/FETCH_HEAD"
-fi
-
-# Global that is reused later
-ls_remote_result=$(git ls-remote $exec "$remote") ||
-	die "Cannot get the repository state from $remote"
-
-append_fetch_head () {
-	flags=
-	test -n "$verbose" && flags="$flags$LF-v"
-	test -n "$force$single_force" && flags="$flags$LF-f"
-	GIT_REFLOG_ACTION="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION" \
-		git fetch--tool $flags append-fetch-head "$@"
-}
-
-# updating the current HEAD with git-fetch in a bare
-# repository is always fine.
-if test -z "$update_head_ok" && test $(is_bare_repository) = false
-then
-	orig_head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD 2>/dev/null)
-fi
-
-# Allow --tags/--notags from remote.$1.tagopt
-case "$tags$no_tags" in
-'')
-	case "$(git config --get "remote.$1.tagopt")" in
-	--tags)
-		tags=t ;;
-	--no-tags)
-		no_tags=t ;;
-	esac
-esac
-
-# If --tags (and later --heads or --all) is specified, then we are
-# not talking about defaults stored in Pull: line of remotes or
-# branches file, and just fetch those and refspecs explicitly given.
-# Otherwise we do what we always did.
-
-reflist=$(get_remote_refs_for_fetch "$@")
-if test "$tags"
-then
-	taglist=`IFS='	' &&
-		  echo "$ls_remote_result" |
-		  git show-ref --exclude-existing=refs/tags/ |
-	          while read sha1 name
-		  do
-			echo ".${name}:${name}"
-		  done` || exit
-	if test "$#" -gt 1
-	then
-		# remote URL plus explicit refspecs; we need to merge them.
-		reflist="$reflist$LF$taglist"
-	else
-		# No explicit refspecs; fetch tags only.
-		reflist=$taglist
-	fi
-fi
-
-fetch_all_at_once () {
-
-  eval=$(echo "$1" | git fetch--tool parse-reflist "-")
-  eval "$eval"
-
-    ( : subshell because we muck with IFS
-      IFS=" 	$LF"
-      (
-	if test "$remote" = . ; then
-	    git show-ref $rref || echo failed "$remote"
-	elif test -f "$remote" ; then
-	    test -n "$shallow_depth" &&
-		die "shallow clone with bundle is not supported"
-	    git bundle unbundle "$remote" $rref ||
-	    echo failed "$remote"
-	else
-		if	test -d "$remote" &&
-
-			# The remote might be our alternate.  With
-			# this optimization we will bypass fetch-pack
-			# altogether, which means we cannot be doing
-			# the shallow stuff at all.
-			test ! -f "$GIT_DIR/shallow" &&
-			test -z "$shallow_depth" &&
-
-			# See if all of what we are going to fetch are
-			# connected to our repository's tips, in which
-			# case we do not have to do any fetch.
-			theirs=$(echo "$ls_remote_result" | \
-				git fetch--tool -s pick-rref "$rref" "-") &&
-
-			# This will barf when $theirs reach an object that
-			# we do not have in our repository.  Otherwise,
-			# we already have everything the fetch would bring in.
-			git rev-list --objects $theirs --not --all \
-				>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
-		then
-			echo "$ls_remote_result" | \
-				git fetch--tool pick-rref "$rref" "-"
-		else
-			flags=
-			case $verbose in
-			YesYes*)
-			    flags="-v"
-			    ;;
-			esac
-			git-fetch-pack --thin $exec $keep $shallow_depth \
-				$quiet $no_progress $flags "$remote" $rref ||
-			echo failed "$remote"
-		fi
-	fi
-      ) |
-      (
-	flags=
-	test -n "$verbose" && flags="$flags -v"
-	test -n "$force" && flags="$flags -f"
-	GIT_REFLOG_ACTION="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION" \
-		git fetch--tool $flags native-store \
-			"$remote" "$remote_nick" "$refs"
-      )
-    ) || exit
-
-}
-
-fetch_per_ref () {
-  reflist="$1"
-  refs=
-  rref=
-
-  for ref in $reflist
-  do
-      refs="$refs$LF$ref"
-
-      # These are relative path from $GIT_DIR, typically starting at refs/
-      # but may be HEAD
-      if expr "z$ref" : 'z\.' >/dev/null
-      then
-	  not_for_merge=t
-	  ref=$(expr "z$ref" : 'z\.\(.*\)')
-      else
-	  not_for_merge=
-      fi
-      if expr "z$ref" : 'z+' >/dev/null
-      then
-	  single_force=t
-	  ref=$(expr "z$ref" : 'z+\(.*\)')
-      else
-	  single_force=
-      fi
-      remote_name=$(expr "z$ref" : 'z\([^:]*\):')
-      local_name=$(expr "z$ref" : 'z[^:]*:\(.*\)')
-
-      rref="$rref$LF$remote_name"
-
-      # There are transports that can fetch only one head at a time...
-      case "$remote" in
-      http://* | https://* | ftp://*)
-	  test -n "$shallow_depth" &&
-		die "shallow clone with http not supported"
-	  proto=$(expr "$remote" : '\([^:]*\):')
-	  if [ -n "$GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY" ]; then
-	      curl_extra_args="-k"
-	  fi
-	  if [ -n "$GIT_CURL_FTP_NO_EPSV" -o \
-		"$(git config --bool http.noEPSV)" = true ]; then
-	      noepsv_opt="--disable-epsv"
-	  fi
-
-	  # Find $remote_name from ls-remote output.
-	  head=$(echo "$ls_remote_result" | \
-		git fetch--tool -s pick-rref "$remote_name" "-")
-	  expr "z$head" : "z$_x40\$" >/dev/null ||
-		die "No such ref $remote_name at $remote"
-	  echo >&2 "Fetching $remote_name from $remote using $proto"
-	  case "$quiet" in '') v=-v ;; *) v= ;; esac
-	  git-http-fetch $v -a "$head" "$remote" || exit
-	  ;;
-      rsync://*)
-	  test -n "$shallow_depth" &&
-		die "shallow clone with rsync not supported"
-	  TMP_HEAD="$GIT_DIR/TMP_HEAD"
-	  rsync -L -q "$remote/$remote_name" "$TMP_HEAD" || exit 1
-	  head=$(git rev-parse --verify TMP_HEAD)
-	  rm -f "$TMP_HEAD"
-	  case "$quiet" in '') v=-v ;; *) v= ;; esac
-	  test "$rsync_slurped_objects" || {
-	      rsync -a $v --ignore-existing --exclude info \
-		  "$remote/objects/" "$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY/" || exit
-
-	      # Look at objects/info/alternates for rsync -- http will
-	      # support it natively and git native ones will do it on
-	      # the remote end.  Not having that file is not a crime.
-	      rsync -q "$remote/objects/info/alternates" \
-		  "$GIT_DIR/TMP_ALT" 2>/dev/null ||
-		  rm -f "$GIT_DIR/TMP_ALT"
-	      if test -f "$GIT_DIR/TMP_ALT"
-	      then
-		  resolve_alternates "$remote" <"$GIT_DIR/TMP_ALT" |
-		  while read alt
-		  do
-		      case "$alt" in 'bad alternate: '*) die "$alt";; esac
-		      echo >&2 "Getting alternate: $alt"
-		      rsync -av --ignore-existing --exclude info \
-		      "$alt" "$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY/" || exit
-		  done
-		  rm -f "$GIT_DIR/TMP_ALT"
-	      fi
-	      rsync_slurped_objects=t
-	  }
-	  ;;
-      esac
-
-      append_fetch_head "$head" "$remote" \
-	  "$remote_name" "$remote_nick" "$local_name" "$not_for_merge" || exit
-
-  done
-
-}
-
-fetch_main () {
-	case "$remote" in
-	http://* | https://* | ftp://* | rsync://* )
-		fetch_per_ref "$@"
-		;;
-	*)
-		fetch_all_at_once "$@"
-		;;
-	esac
-}
-
-fetch_main "$reflist" || exit
-
-# automated tag following
-case "$no_tags$tags" in
-'')
-	case "$reflist" in
-	*:refs/*)
-		# effective only when we are following remote branch
-		# using local tracking branch.
-		taglist=$(IFS='	' &&
-		echo "$ls_remote_result" |
-		git show-ref --exclude-existing=refs/tags/ |
-		while read sha1 name
-		do
-			git cat-file -t "$sha1" >/dev/null 2>&1 || continue
-			echo >&2 "Auto-following $name"
-			echo ".${name}:${name}"
-		done)
-	esac
-	case "$taglist" in
-	'') ;;
-	?*)
-		# do not deepen a shallow tree when following tags
-		shallow_depth=
-		fetch_main "$taglist" || exit ;;
-	esac
-esac
-
-# If the original head was empty (i.e. no "master" yet), or
-# if we were told not to worry, we do not have to check.
-case "$orig_head" in
-'')
-	;;
-?*)
-	curr_head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD 2>/dev/null)
-	if test "$curr_head" != "$orig_head"
-	then
-	    git update-ref \
-			-m "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: Undoing incorrectly fetched HEAD." \
-			HEAD "$orig_head"
-		die "Cannot fetch into the current branch."
-	fi
-	;;
-esac
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-gc.sh b/contrib/examples/git-gc.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 1597e9f33f..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-gc.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2006, Shawn O. Pearce
-#
-# Cleanup unreachable files and optimize the repository.
-
-USAGE='[--prune]'
-SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
-. git-sh-setup
-
-no_prune=:
-while test $# != 0
-do
-	case "$1" in
-	--prune)
-		no_prune=
-		;;
-	--)
-		usage
-		;;
-	esac
-	shift
-done
-
-case "$(git config --get gc.packrefs)" in
-notbare|"")
-	test $(is_bare_repository) = true || pack_refs=true;;
-*)
-	pack_refs=$(git config --bool --get gc.packrefs)
-esac
-
-test "true" != "$pack_refs" ||
-git pack-refs --prune &&
-git reflog expire --all &&
-git-repack -a -d -l &&
-$no_prune git prune &&
-git rerere gc || exit
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-log.sh b/contrib/examples/git-log.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index c2ea71cf14..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-log.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2005 Linus Torvalds
-#
-
-USAGE='[--max-count=<n>] [<since>..<limit>] [--pretty=<format>] [git-rev-list options]'
-SUBDIRECTORY_OK='Yes'
-. git-sh-setup
-
-revs=$(git-rev-parse --revs-only --no-flags --default HEAD "$@") || exit
-[ "$revs" ] || {
-	die "No HEAD ref"
-}
-git-rev-list --pretty $(git-rev-parse --default HEAD "$@") |
-LESS=-S ${PAGER:-less}
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-ls-remote.sh b/contrib/examples/git-ls-remote.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 2aa89a7df8..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-ls-remote.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,142 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-
-usage () {
-    echo >&2 "usage: $0 [--heads] [--tags] [-u|--upload-pack <upload-pack>]"
-    echo >&2 "          <repository> <refs>..."
-    exit 1;
-}
-
-die () {
-    echo >&2 "$*"
-    exit 1
-}
-
-exec=
-while test $# != 0
-do
-  case "$1" in
-  -h|--h|--he|--hea|--head|--heads)
-  heads=heads; shift ;;
-  -t|--t|--ta|--tag|--tags)
-  tags=tags; shift ;;
-  -u|--u|--up|--upl|--uploa|--upload|--upload-|--upload-p|--upload-pa|\
-  --upload-pac|--upload-pack)
-	shift
-	exec="--upload-pack=$1"
-	shift;;
-  -u=*|--u=*|--up=*|--upl=*|--uplo=*|--uploa=*|--upload=*|\
-  --upload-=*|--upload-p=*|--upload-pa=*|--upload-pac=*|--upload-pack=*)
-	exec=--upload-pack=$(expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)')
-	shift;;
-  --)
-  shift; break ;;
-  -*)
-  usage ;;
-  *)
-  break ;;
-  esac
-done
-
-case "$#" in 0) usage ;; esac
-
-case ",$heads,$tags," in
-,,,) heads=heads tags=tags other=other ;;
-esac
-
-. git-parse-remote
-peek_repo="$(get_remote_url "$@")"
-shift
-
-tmp=.ls-remote-$$
-trap "rm -fr $tmp-*" 0 1 2 3 15
-tmpdir=$tmp-d
-
-case "$peek_repo" in
-http://* | https://* | ftp://* )
-	if [ -n "$GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY" -o \
-		"$(git config --bool http.sslVerify)" = false ]; then
-		curl_extra_args="-k"
-	fi
-	if [ -n "$GIT_CURL_FTP_NO_EPSV" -o \
-		"$(git config --bool http.noEPSV)" = true ]; then
-		curl_extra_args="${curl_extra_args} --disable-epsv"
-	fi
-	curl -nsf $curl_extra_args --header "Pragma: no-cache" "$peek_repo/info/refs" ||
-		echo "failed	slurping"
-	;;
-
-rsync://* )
-	mkdir $tmpdir &&
-	rsync -rlq "$peek_repo/HEAD" $tmpdir &&
-	rsync -rq "$peek_repo/refs" $tmpdir || {
-		echo "failed	slurping"
-		exit
-	}
-	head=$(cat "$tmpdir/HEAD") &&
-	case "$head" in
-	ref:' '*)
-		head=$(expr "z$head" : 'zref: \(.*\)') &&
-		head=$(cat "$tmpdir/$head") || exit
-	esac &&
-	echo "$head	HEAD"
-	(cd $tmpdir && find refs -type f) |
-	while read path
-	do
-		tr -d '\012' <"$tmpdir/$path"
-		echo "	$path"
-	done &&
-	rm -fr $tmpdir
-	;;
-
-* )
-	if test -f "$peek_repo" ; then
-		git bundle list-heads "$peek_repo" ||
-		echo "failed	slurping"
-	else
-		git-peek-remote $exec "$peek_repo" ||
-		echo "failed	slurping"
-	fi
-	;;
-esac |
-sort -t '	' -k 2 |
-while read sha1 path
-do
-	case "$sha1" in
-	failed)
-		exit 1 ;;
-	esac
-	case "$path" in
-	refs/heads/*)
-		group=heads ;;
-	refs/tags/*)
-		group=tags ;;
-	*)
-		group=other ;;
-	esac
-	case ",$heads,$tags,$other," in
-	*,$group,*)
-		;;
-	*)
-		continue;;
-	esac
-	case "$#" in
-	0)
-		match=yes ;;
-	*)
-		match=no
-		for pat
-		do
-			case "/$path" in
-			*/$pat )
-				match=yes
-				break ;;
-			esac
-		done
-	esac
-	case "$match" in
-	no)
-		continue ;;
-	esac
-	echo "$sha1	$path"
-done
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-merge-ours.sh b/contrib/examples/git-merge-ours.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 29dba4ba3a..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-merge-ours.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
-#
-# Pretend we resolved the heads, but declare our tree trumps everybody else.
-#
-
-# We need to exit with 2 if the index does not match our HEAD tree,
-# because the current index is what we will be committing as the
-# merge result.
-
-git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD -- || exit 2
-
-exit 0
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-merge.sh b/contrib/examples/git-merge.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 52f2aafb9d..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-merge.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,620 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
-#
-
-OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
-OPTIONS_SPEC="\
-git merge [options] <remote>...
-git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <remote>
---
-stat                 show a diffstat at the end of the merge
-n                    don't show a diffstat at the end of the merge
-summary              (synonym to --stat)
-log                  add list of one-line log to merge commit message
-squash               create a single commit instead of doing a merge
-commit               perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)
-ff                   allow fast-forward (default)
-ff-only              abort if fast-forward is not possible
-rerere-autoupdate    update index with any reused conflict resolution
-s,strategy=          merge strategy to use
-X=                   option for selected merge strategy
-m,message=           message to be used for the merge commit (if any)
-"
-
-SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
-. git-sh-setup
-require_work_tree
-cd_to_toplevel
-
-test -z "$(git ls-files -u)" ||
-	die "Merge is not possible because you have unmerged files."
-
-! test -e "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD" ||
-	die 'You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).'
-
-LF='
-'
-
-all_strategies='recur recursive octopus resolve stupid ours subtree'
-all_strategies="$all_strategies recursive-ours recursive-theirs"
-not_strategies='base file index tree'
-default_twohead_strategies='recursive'
-default_octopus_strategies='octopus'
-no_fast_forward_strategies='subtree ours'
-no_trivial_strategies='recursive recur subtree ours recursive-ours recursive-theirs'
-use_strategies=
-xopt=
-
-allow_fast_forward=t
-fast_forward_only=
-allow_trivial_merge=t
-squash= no_commit= log_arg= rr_arg=
-
-dropsave() {
-	rm -f -- "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD" "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG" \
-		 "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_STASH" "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MODE" || exit 1
-}
-
-savestate() {
-	# Stash away any local modifications.
-	git stash create >"$GIT_DIR/MERGE_STASH"
-}
-
-restorestate() {
-        if test -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_STASH"
-	then
-		git reset --hard $head >/dev/null
-		git stash apply $(cat "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_STASH")
-		git update-index --refresh >/dev/null
-	fi
-}
-
-finish_up_to_date () {
-	case "$squash" in
-	t)
-		echo "$1 (nothing to squash)" ;;
-	'')
-		echo "$1" ;;
-	esac
-	dropsave
-}
-
-squash_message () {
-	echo Squashed commit of the following:
-	echo
-	git log --no-merges --pretty=medium ^"$head" $remoteheads
-}
-
-finish () {
-	if test '' = "$2"
-	then
-		rlogm="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"
-	else
-		echo "$2"
-		rlogm="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: $2"
-	fi
-	case "$squash" in
-	t)
-		echo "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD"
-		squash_message >"$GIT_DIR/SQUASH_MSG"
-		;;
-	'')
-		case "$merge_msg" in
-		'')
-			echo "No merge message -- not updating HEAD"
-			;;
-		*)
-			git update-ref -m "$rlogm" HEAD "$1" "$head" || exit 1
-			git gc --auto
-			;;
-		esac
-		;;
-	esac
-	case "$1" in
-	'')
-		;;
-	?*)
-		if test "$show_diffstat" = t
-		then
-			# We want color (if set), but no pager
-			GIT_PAGER='' git diff --stat --summary -M "$head" "$1"
-		fi
-		;;
-	esac
-
-	# Run a post-merge hook
-        if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-merge
-        then
-	    case "$squash" in
-	    t)
-                "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-merge 1
-		;;
-	    '')
-                "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-merge 0
-		;;
-	    esac
-        fi
-}
-
-merge_name () {
-	remote="$1"
-	rh=$(git rev-parse --verify "$remote^0" 2>/dev/null) || return
-	if truname=$(expr "$remote" : '\(.*\)~[0-9]*$') &&
-		git show-ref -q --verify "refs/heads/$truname" 2>/dev/null
-	then
-		echo "$rh		branch '$truname' (early part) of ."
-		return
-	fi
-	if found_ref=$(git rev-parse --symbolic-full-name --verify \
-							"$remote" 2>/dev/null)
-	then
-		expanded=$(git check-ref-format --branch "$remote") ||
-			exit
-		if test "${found_ref#refs/heads/}" != "$found_ref"
-		then
-			echo "$rh		branch '$expanded' of ."
-			return
-		elif test "${found_ref#refs/remotes/}" != "$found_ref"
-		then
-			echo "$rh		remote branch '$expanded' of ."
-			return
-		fi
-	fi
-	if test "$remote" = "FETCH_HEAD" && test -r "$GIT_DIR/FETCH_HEAD"
-	then
-		sed -e 's/	not-for-merge	/		/' -e 1q \
-			"$GIT_DIR/FETCH_HEAD"
-		return
-	fi
-	echo "$rh		commit '$remote'"
-}
-
-parse_config () {
-	while test $# != 0; do
-		case "$1" in
-		-n|--no-stat|--no-summary)
-			show_diffstat=false ;;
-		--stat|--summary)
-			show_diffstat=t ;;
-		--log|--no-log)
-			log_arg=$1 ;;
-		--squash)
-			test "$allow_fast_forward" = t ||
-				die "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
-			squash=t no_commit=t ;;
-		--no-squash)
-			squash= no_commit= ;;
-		--commit)
-			no_commit= ;;
-		--no-commit)
-			no_commit=t ;;
-		--ff)
-			allow_fast_forward=t ;;
-		--no-ff)
-			test "$squash" != t ||
-				die "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
-			test "$fast_forward_only" != t ||
-				die "You cannot combine --ff-only with --no-ff."
-			allow_fast_forward=f ;;
-		--ff-only)
-			test "$allow_fast_forward" != f ||
-				die "You cannot combine --ff-only with --no-ff."
-			fast_forward_only=t ;;
-		--rerere-autoupdate|--no-rerere-autoupdate)
-			rr_arg=$1 ;;
-		-s|--strategy)
-			shift
-			case " $all_strategies " in
-			*" $1 "*)
-				use_strategies="$use_strategies$1 "
-				;;
-			*)
-				case " $not_strategies " in
-				*" $1 "*)
-					false
-				esac &&
-				type "git-merge-$1" >/dev/null 2>&1 ||
-					die "available strategies are: $all_strategies"
-				use_strategies="$use_strategies$1 "
-				;;
-			esac
-			;;
-		-X)
-			shift
-			xopt="${xopt:+$xopt }$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "--$1")"
-			;;
-		-m|--message)
-			shift
-			merge_msg="$1"
-			have_message=t
-			;;
-		--)
-			shift
-			break ;;
-		*)	usage ;;
-		esac
-		shift
-	done
-	args_left=$#
-}
-
-test $# != 0 || usage
-
-have_message=
-
-if branch=$(git-symbolic-ref -q HEAD)
-then
-	mergeopts=$(git config "branch.${branch#refs/heads/}.mergeoptions")
-	if test -n "$mergeopts"
-	then
-		parse_config $mergeopts --
-	fi
-fi
-
-parse_config "$@"
-while test $args_left -lt $#; do shift; done
-
-if test -z "$show_diffstat"; then
-    test "$(git config --bool merge.diffstat)" = false && show_diffstat=false
-    test "$(git config --bool merge.stat)" = false && show_diffstat=false
-    test -z "$show_diffstat" && show_diffstat=t
-fi
-
-# This could be traditional "merge <msg> HEAD <commit>..."  and the
-# way we can tell it is to see if the second token is HEAD, but some
-# people might have misused the interface and used a commit-ish that
-# is the same as HEAD there instead.  Traditional format never would
-# have "-m" so it is an additional safety measure to check for it.
-
-if test -z "$have_message" &&
-	second_token=$(git rev-parse --verify "$2^0" 2>/dev/null) &&
-	head_commit=$(git rev-parse --verify "HEAD" 2>/dev/null) &&
-	test "$second_token" = "$head_commit"
-then
-	merge_msg="$1"
-	shift
-	head_arg="$1"
-	shift
-elif ! git rev-parse --verify HEAD >/dev/null 2>&1
-then
-	# If the merged head is a valid one there is no reason to
-	# forbid "git merge" into a branch yet to be born.  We do
-	# the same for "git pull".
-	if test 1 -ne $#
-	then
-		echo >&2 "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
-		exit 1
-	fi
-
-	test "$squash" != t ||
-		die "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
-	test "$allow_fast_forward" = t ||
-		die "Non-fast-forward into an empty head does not make sense"
-	rh=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1^0") ||
-		die "$1 - not something we can merge"
-
-	git update-ref -m "initial pull" HEAD "$rh" "" &&
-	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD
-	exit
-
-else
-	# We are invoked directly as the first-class UI.
-	head_arg=HEAD
-
-	# All the rest are the commits being merged; prepare
-	# the standard merge summary message to be appended to
-	# the given message.  If remote is invalid we will die
-	# later in the common codepath so we discard the error
-	# in this loop.
-	merge_msg="$(
-		for remote
-		do
-			merge_name "$remote"
-		done |
-		if test "$have_message" = t
-		then
-			git fmt-merge-msg -m "$merge_msg" $log_arg
-		else
-			git fmt-merge-msg $log_arg
-		fi
-	)"
-fi
-head=$(git rev-parse --verify "$head_arg"^0) || usage
-
-# All the rest are remote heads
-test "$#" = 0 && usage ;# we need at least one remote head.
-set_reflog_action "merge $*"
-
-remoteheads=
-for remote
-do
-	remotehead=$(git rev-parse --verify "$remote"^0 2>/dev/null) ||
-	    die "$remote - not something we can merge"
-	remoteheads="${remoteheads}$remotehead "
-	eval GITHEAD_$remotehead='"$remote"'
-	export GITHEAD_$remotehead
-done
-set x $remoteheads ; shift
-
-case "$use_strategies" in
-'')
-	case "$#" in
-	1)
-		var="$(git config --get pull.twohead)"
-		if test -n "$var"
-		then
-			use_strategies="$var"
-		else
-			use_strategies="$default_twohead_strategies"
-		fi ;;
-	*)
-		var="$(git config --get pull.octopus)"
-		if test -n "$var"
-		then
-			use_strategies="$var"
-		else
-			use_strategies="$default_octopus_strategies"
-		fi ;;
-	esac
-	;;
-esac
-
-for s in $use_strategies
-do
-	for ss in $no_fast_forward_strategies
-	do
-		case " $s " in
-		*" $ss "*)
-			allow_fast_forward=f
-			break
-			;;
-		esac
-	done
-	for ss in $no_trivial_strategies
-	do
-		case " $s " in
-		*" $ss "*)
-			allow_trivial_merge=f
-			break
-			;;
-		esac
-	done
-done
-
-case "$#" in
-1)
-	common=$(git merge-base --all $head "$@")
-	;;
-*)
-	common=$(git merge-base --all --octopus $head "$@")
-	;;
-esac
-echo "$head" >"$GIT_DIR/ORIG_HEAD"
-
-case "$allow_fast_forward,$#,$common,$no_commit" in
-?,*,'',*)
-	# No common ancestors found. We need a real merge.
-	;;
-?,1,"$1",*)
-	# If head can reach all the merge then we are up to date.
-	# but first the most common case of merging one remote.
-	finish_up_to_date "Already up-to-date."
-	exit 0
-	;;
-t,1,"$head",*)
-	# Again the most common case of merging one remote.
-	echo "Updating $(git rev-parse --short $head)..$(git rev-parse --short $1)"
-	git update-index --refresh 2>/dev/null
-	msg="Fast-forward"
-	if test -n "$have_message"
-	then
-		msg="$msg (no commit created; -m option ignored)"
-	fi
-	new_head=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1^0") &&
-	git read-tree -v -m -u --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore $head "$new_head" &&
-	finish "$new_head" "$msg" || exit
-	dropsave
-	exit 0
-	;;
-?,1,?*"$LF"?*,*)
-	# We are not doing octopus and not fast-forward.  Need a
-	# real merge.
-	;;
-?,1,*,)
-	# We are not doing octopus, not fast-forward, and have only
-	# one common.
-	git update-index --refresh 2>/dev/null
-	case "$allow_trivial_merge,$fast_forward_only" in
-	t,)
-		# See if it is really trivial.
-		git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT >/dev/null || exit
-		echo "Trying really trivial in-index merge..."
-		if git read-tree --trivial -m -u -v $common $head "$1" &&
-		   result_tree=$(git write-tree)
-		then
-			echo "Wonderful."
-			result_commit=$(
-				printf '%s\n' "$merge_msg" |
-				git commit-tree $result_tree -p HEAD -p "$1"
-			) || exit
-			finish "$result_commit" "In-index merge"
-			dropsave
-			exit 0
-		fi
-		echo "Nope."
-	esac
-	;;
-*)
-	# An octopus.  If we can reach all the remote we are up to date.
-	up_to_date=t
-	for remote
-	do
-		common_one=$(git merge-base --all $head $remote)
-		if test "$common_one" != "$remote"
-		then
-			up_to_date=f
-			break
-		fi
-	done
-	if test "$up_to_date" = t
-	then
-		finish_up_to_date "Already up-to-date. Yeeah!"
-		exit 0
-	fi
-	;;
-esac
-
-if test "$fast_forward_only" = t
-then
-	die "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
-fi
-
-# We are going to make a new commit.
-git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT >/dev/null || exit
-
-# At this point, we need a real merge.  No matter what strategy
-# we use, it would operate on the index, possibly affecting the
-# working tree, and when resolved cleanly, have the desired tree
-# in the index -- this means that the index must be in sync with
-# the $head commit.  The strategies are responsible to ensure this.
-
-case "$use_strategies" in
-?*' '?*)
-    # Stash away the local changes so that we can try more than one.
-    savestate
-    single_strategy=no
-    ;;
-*)
-    rm -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_STASH"
-    single_strategy=yes
-    ;;
-esac
-
-result_tree= best_cnt=-1 best_strategy= wt_strategy=
-merge_was_ok=
-for strategy in $use_strategies
-do
-    test "$wt_strategy" = '' || {
-	echo "Rewinding the tree to pristine..."
-	restorestate
-    }
-    case "$single_strategy" in
-    no)
-	echo "Trying merge strategy $strategy..."
-	;;
-    esac
-
-    # Remember which strategy left the state in the working tree
-    wt_strategy=$strategy
-
-    eval 'git-merge-$strategy '"$xopt"' $common -- "$head_arg" "$@"'
-    exit=$?
-    if test "$no_commit" = t && test "$exit" = 0
-    then
-        merge_was_ok=t
-	exit=1 ;# pretend it left conflicts.
-    fi
-
-    test "$exit" = 0 || {
-
-	# The backend exits with 1 when conflicts are left to be resolved,
-	# with 2 when it does not handle the given merge at all.
-
-	if test "$exit" -eq 1
-	then
-	    cnt=`{
-		git diff-files --name-only
-		git ls-files --unmerged
-	    } | wc -l`
-	    if test $best_cnt -le 0 || test $cnt -le $best_cnt
-	    then
-		best_strategy=$strategy
-		best_cnt=$cnt
-	    fi
-	fi
-	continue
-    }
-
-    # Automerge succeeded.
-    result_tree=$(git write-tree) && break
-done
-
-# If we have a resulting tree, that means the strategy module
-# auto resolved the merge cleanly.
-if test '' != "$result_tree"
-then
-    if test "$allow_fast_forward" = "t"
-    then
-	parents=$(git merge-base --independent "$head" "$@")
-    else
-	parents=$(git rev-parse "$head" "$@")
-    fi
-    parents=$(echo "$parents" | sed -e 's/^/-p /')
-    result_commit=$(printf '%s\n' "$merge_msg" | git commit-tree $result_tree $parents) || exit
-    finish "$result_commit" "Merge made by $wt_strategy."
-    dropsave
-    exit 0
-fi
-
-# Pick the result from the best strategy and have the user fix it up.
-case "$best_strategy" in
-'')
-	restorestate
-	case "$use_strategies" in
-	?*' '?*)
-		echo >&2 "No merge strategy handled the merge."
-		;;
-	*)
-		echo >&2 "Merge with strategy $use_strategies failed."
-		;;
-	esac
-	exit 2
-	;;
-"$wt_strategy")
-	# We already have its result in the working tree.
-	;;
-*)
-	echo "Rewinding the tree to pristine..."
-	restorestate
-	echo "Using the $best_strategy to prepare resolving by hand."
-	git-merge-$best_strategy $common -- "$head_arg" "$@"
-	;;
-esac
-
-if test "$squash" = t
-then
-	finish
-else
-	for remote
-	do
-		echo $remote
-	done >"$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD"
-	printf '%s\n' "$merge_msg" >"$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG" ||
-		die "Could not write to $GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG"
-	if test "$allow_fast_forward" != t
-	then
-		printf "%s" no-ff
-	else
-		:
-	fi >"$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MODE" ||
-		die "Could not write to $GIT_DIR/MERGE_MODE"
-fi
-
-if test "$merge_was_ok" = t
-then
-	echo >&2 \
-	"Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested"
-	exit 0
-else
-	{
-	    echo '
-Conflicts:
-'
-		git ls-files --unmerged |
-		sed -e 's/^[^	]*	/	/' |
-		uniq
-	} >>"$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG"
-	git rerere $rr_arg
-	die "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result."
-fi
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-notes.sh b/contrib/examples/git-notes.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index e642e47d9f..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-notes.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,121 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-USAGE="(edit [-F <file> | -m <msg>] | show) [commit]"
-. git-sh-setup
-
-test -z "$1" && usage
-ACTION="$1"; shift
-
-test -z "$GIT_NOTES_REF" && GIT_NOTES_REF="$(git config core.notesref)"
-test -z "$GIT_NOTES_REF" && GIT_NOTES_REF="refs/notes/commits"
-
-MESSAGE=
-while test $# != 0
-do
-	case "$1" in
-	-m)
-		test "$ACTION" = "edit" || usage
-		shift
-		if test "$#" = "0"; then
-			die "error: option -m needs an argument"
-		else
-			if [ -z "$MESSAGE" ]; then
-				MESSAGE="$1"
-			else
-				MESSAGE="$MESSAGE
-
-$1"
-			fi
-			shift
-		fi
-		;;
-	-F)
-		test "$ACTION" = "edit" || usage
-		shift
-		if test "$#" = "0"; then
-			die "error: option -F needs an argument"
-		else
-			if [ -z "$MESSAGE" ]; then
-				MESSAGE="$(cat "$1")"
-			else
-				MESSAGE="$MESSAGE
-
-$(cat "$1")"
-			fi
-			shift
-		fi
-		;;
-	-*)
-		usage
-		;;
-	*)
-		break
-		;;
-	esac
-done
-
-COMMIT=$(git rev-parse --verify --default HEAD "$@") ||
-die "Invalid commit: $@"
-
-case "$ACTION" in
-edit)
-	if [ "${GIT_NOTES_REF#refs/notes/}" = "$GIT_NOTES_REF" ]; then
-		die "Refusing to edit notes in $GIT_NOTES_REF (outside of refs/notes/)"
-	fi
-
-	MSG_FILE="$GIT_DIR/new-notes-$COMMIT"
-	GIT_INDEX_FILE="$MSG_FILE.idx"
-	export GIT_INDEX_FILE
-
-	trap '
-		test -f "$MSG_FILE" && rm "$MSG_FILE"
-		test -f "$GIT_INDEX_FILE" && rm "$GIT_INDEX_FILE"
-	' 0
-
-	CURRENT_HEAD=$(git show-ref "$GIT_NOTES_REF" | cut -f 1 -d ' ')
-	if [ -z "$CURRENT_HEAD" ]; then
-		PARENT=
-	else
-		PARENT="-p $CURRENT_HEAD"
-		git read-tree "$GIT_NOTES_REF" || die "Could not read index"
-	fi
-
-	if [ -z "$MESSAGE" ]; then
-		GIT_NOTES_REF= git log -1 $COMMIT | sed "s/^/#/" > "$MSG_FILE"
-		if [ ! -z "$CURRENT_HEAD" ]; then
-			git cat-file blob :$COMMIT >> "$MSG_FILE" 2> /dev/null
-		fi
-		core_editor="$(git config core.editor)"
-		${GIT_EDITOR:-${core_editor:-${VISUAL:-${EDITOR:-vi}}}} "$MSG_FILE"
-	else
-		echo "$MESSAGE" > "$MSG_FILE"
-	fi
-
-	grep -v ^# < "$MSG_FILE" | git stripspace > "$MSG_FILE".processed
-	mv "$MSG_FILE".processed "$MSG_FILE"
-	if [ -s "$MSG_FILE" ]; then
-		BLOB=$(git hash-object -w "$MSG_FILE") ||
-			die "Could not write into object database"
-		git update-index --add --cacheinfo 0644 $BLOB $COMMIT ||
-			die "Could not write index"
-	else
-		test -z "$CURRENT_HEAD" &&
-			die "Will not initialise with empty tree"
-		git update-index --force-remove $COMMIT ||
-			die "Could not update index"
-	fi
-
-	TREE=$(git write-tree) || die "Could not write tree"
-	NEW_HEAD=$(echo Annotate $COMMIT | git commit-tree $TREE $PARENT) ||
-		die "Could not annotate"
-	git update-ref -m "Annotate $COMMIT" \
-		"$GIT_NOTES_REF" $NEW_HEAD $CURRENT_HEAD
-;;
-show)
-	git rev-parse -q --verify "$GIT_NOTES_REF":$COMMIT > /dev/null ||
-		die "No note for commit $COMMIT."
-	git show "$GIT_NOTES_REF":$COMMIT
-;;
-*)
-	usage
-esac
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-remote.perl b/contrib/examples/git-remote.perl
deleted file mode 100755
index d42df7b418..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-remote.perl
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,474 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/perl -w
-
-use strict;
-use Git;
-my $git = Git->repository();
-
-sub add_remote_config {
-	my ($hash, $name, $what, $value) = @_;
-	if ($what eq 'url') {
-		# Having more than one is Ok -- it is used for push.
-		if (! exists $hash->{'URL'}) {
-			$hash->{$name}{'URL'} = $value;
-		}
-	}
-	elsif ($what eq 'fetch') {
-		$hash->{$name}{'FETCH'} ||= [];
-		push @{$hash->{$name}{'FETCH'}}, $value;
-	}
-	elsif ($what eq 'push') {
-		$hash->{$name}{'PUSH'} ||= [];
-		push @{$hash->{$name}{'PUSH'}}, $value;
-	}
-	if (!exists $hash->{$name}{'SOURCE'}) {
-		$hash->{$name}{'SOURCE'} = 'config';
-	}
-}
-
-sub add_remote_remotes {
-	my ($hash, $file, $name) = @_;
-
-	if (exists $hash->{$name}) {
-		$hash->{$name}{'WARNING'} = 'ignored due to config';
-		return;
-	}
-
-	my $fh;
-	if (!open($fh, '<', $file)) {
-		print STDERR "Warning: cannot open $file\n";
-		return;
-	}
-	my $it = { 'SOURCE' => 'remotes' };
-	$hash->{$name} = $it;
-	while (<$fh>) {
-		chomp;
-		if (/^URL:\s*(.*)$/) {
-			# Having more than one is Ok -- it is used for push.
-			if (! exists $it->{'URL'}) {
-				$it->{'URL'} = $1;
-			}
-		}
-		elsif (/^Push:\s*(.*)$/) {
-			$it->{'PUSH'} ||= [];
-			push @{$it->{'PUSH'}}, $1;
-		}
-		elsif (/^Pull:\s*(.*)$/) {
-			$it->{'FETCH'} ||= [];
-			push @{$it->{'FETCH'}}, $1;
-		}
-		elsif (/^\#/) {
-			; # ignore
-		}
-		else {
-			print STDERR "Warning: funny line in $file: $_\n";
-		}
-	}
-	close($fh);
-}
-
-sub list_remote {
-	my ($git) = @_;
-	my %seen = ();
-	my @remotes = eval {
-		$git->command(qw(config --get-regexp), '^remote\.');
-	};
-	for (@remotes) {
-		if (/^remote\.(\S+?)\.([^.\s]+)\s+(.*)$/) {
-			add_remote_config(\%seen, $1, $2, $3);
-		}
-	}
-
-	my $dir = $git->repo_path() . "/remotes";
-	if (opendir(my $dh, $dir)) {
-		local $_;
-		while ($_ = readdir($dh)) {
-			chomp;
-			next if (! -f "$dir/$_" || ! -r _);
-			add_remote_remotes(\%seen, "$dir/$_", $_);
-		}
-	}
-
-	return \%seen;
-}
-
-sub add_branch_config {
-	my ($hash, $name, $what, $value) = @_;
-	if ($what eq 'remote') {
-		if (exists $hash->{$name}{'REMOTE'}) {
-			print STDERR "Warning: more than one branch.$name.remote\n";
-		}
-		$hash->{$name}{'REMOTE'} = $value;
-	}
-	elsif ($what eq 'merge') {
-		$hash->{$name}{'MERGE'} ||= [];
-		push @{$hash->{$name}{'MERGE'}}, $value;
-	}
-}
-
-sub list_branch {
-	my ($git) = @_;
-	my %seen = ();
-	my @branches = eval {
-		$git->command(qw(config --get-regexp), '^branch\.');
-	};
-	for (@branches) {
-		if (/^branch\.([^.]*)\.(\S*)\s+(.*)$/) {
-			add_branch_config(\%seen, $1, $2, $3);
-		}
-	}
-
-	return \%seen;
-}
-
-my $remote = list_remote($git);
-my $branch = list_branch($git);
-
-sub update_ls_remote {
-	my ($harder, $info) = @_;
-
-	return if (($harder == 0) ||
-		   (($harder == 1) && exists $info->{'LS_REMOTE'}));
-
-	my @ref = map { s|refs/heads/||; $_; } keys %{$git->remote_refs($info->{'URL'}, [ 'heads' ])};
-	$info->{'LS_REMOTE'} = \@ref;
-}
-
-sub list_wildcard_mapping {
-	my ($forced, $ours, $ls) = @_;
-	my %refs;
-	for (@$ls) {
-		$refs{$_} = 01; # bit #0 to say "they have"
-	}
-	for ($git->command('for-each-ref', "refs/remotes/$ours")) {
-		chomp;
-		next unless (s|^[0-9a-f]{40}\s[a-z]+\srefs/remotes/$ours/||);
-		next if ($_ eq 'HEAD');
-		$refs{$_} ||= 0;
-		$refs{$_} |= 02; # bit #1 to say "we have"
-	}
-	my (@new, @stale, @tracked);
-	for (sort keys %refs) {
-		my $have = $refs{$_};
-		if ($have == 1) {
-			push @new, $_;
-		}
-		elsif ($have == 2) {
-			push @stale, $_;
-		}
-		elsif ($have == 3) {
-			push @tracked, $_;
-		}
-	}
-	return \@new, \@stale, \@tracked;
-}
-
-sub list_mapping {
-	my ($name, $info) = @_;
-	my $fetch = $info->{'FETCH'};
-	my $ls = $info->{'LS_REMOTE'};
-	my (@new, @stale, @tracked);
-
-	for (@$fetch) {
-		next unless (/(\+)?([^:]+):(.*)/);
-		my ($forced, $theirs, $ours) = ($1, $2, $3);
-		if ($theirs eq 'refs/heads/*' &&
-		    $ours =~ /^refs\/remotes\/(.*)\/\*$/) {
-			# wildcard mapping
-			my ($w_new, $w_stale, $w_tracked)
-				= list_wildcard_mapping($forced, $1, $ls);
-			push @new, @$w_new;
-			push @stale, @$w_stale;
-			push @tracked, @$w_tracked;
-		}
-		elsif ($theirs =~ /\*/ || $ours =~ /\*/) {
-			print STDERR "Warning: unrecognized mapping in remotes.$name.fetch: $_\n";
-		}
-		elsif ($theirs =~ s|^refs/heads/||) {
-			if (!grep { $_ eq $theirs } @$ls) {
-				push @stale, $theirs;
-			}
-			elsif ($ours ne '') {
-				push @tracked, $theirs;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return \@new, \@stale, \@tracked;
-}
-
-sub show_mapping {
-	my ($name, $info) = @_;
-	my ($new, $stale, $tracked) = list_mapping($name, $info);
-	if (@$new) {
-		print "  New remote branches (next fetch will store in remotes/$name)\n";
-		print "    @$new\n";
-	}
-	if (@$stale) {
-		print "  Stale tracking branches in remotes/$name (use 'git remote prune')\n";
-		print "    @$stale\n";
-	}
-	if (@$tracked) {
-		print "  Tracked remote branches\n";
-		print "    @$tracked\n";
-	}
-}
-
-sub prune_remote {
-	my ($name, $ls_remote) = @_;
-	if (!exists $remote->{$name}) {
-		print STDERR "No such remote $name\n";
-		return 1;
-	}
-	my $info = $remote->{$name};
-	update_ls_remote($ls_remote, $info);
-
-	my ($new, $stale, $tracked) = list_mapping($name, $info);
-	my $prefix = "refs/remotes/$name";
-	foreach my $to_prune (@$stale) {
-		my @v = $git->command(qw(rev-parse --verify), "$prefix/$to_prune");
-		$git->command(qw(update-ref -d), "$prefix/$to_prune", $v[0]);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-sub show_remote {
-	my ($name, $ls_remote) = @_;
-	if (!exists $remote->{$name}) {
-		print STDERR "No such remote $name\n";
-		return 1;
-	}
-	my $info = $remote->{$name};
-	update_ls_remote($ls_remote, $info);
-
-	print "* remote $name\n";
-	print "  URL: $info->{'URL'}\n";
-	for my $branchname (sort keys %$branch) {
-		next unless (defined $branch->{$branchname}{'REMOTE'} &&
-			     $branch->{$branchname}{'REMOTE'} eq $name);
-		my @merged = map {
-			s|^refs/heads/||;
-			$_;
-		} split(' ',"@{$branch->{$branchname}{'MERGE'}}");
-		next unless (@merged);
-		print "  Remote branch(es) merged with 'git pull' while on branch $branchname\n";
-		print "    @merged\n";
-	}
-	if ($info->{'LS_REMOTE'}) {
-		show_mapping($name, $info);
-	}
-	if ($info->{'PUSH'}) {
-		my @pushed = map {
-			s|^refs/heads/||;
-			s|^\+refs/heads/|+|;
-			s|:refs/heads/|:|;
-			$_;
-		} @{$info->{'PUSH'}};
-		print "  Local branch(es) pushed with 'git push'\n";
-		print "    @pushed\n";
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-sub add_remote {
-	my ($name, $url, $opts) = @_;
-	if (exists $remote->{$name}) {
-		print STDERR "remote $name already exists.\n";
-		exit(1);
-	}
-	$git->command('config', "remote.$name.url", $url);
-	my $track = $opts->{'track'} || ["*"];
-
-	for (@$track) {
-		$git->command('config', '--add', "remote.$name.fetch",
-				$opts->{'mirror'} ?
-				"+refs/$_:refs/$_" :
-				"+refs/heads/$_:refs/remotes/$name/$_");
-	}
-	if ($opts->{'fetch'}) {
-		$git->command('fetch', $name);
-	}
-	if (exists $opts->{'master'}) {
-		$git->command('symbolic-ref', "refs/remotes/$name/HEAD",
-			      "refs/remotes/$name/$opts->{'master'}");
-	}
-}
-
-sub update_remote {
-	my ($name) = @_;
-	my @remotes;
-
-        my $conf = $git->config("remotes." . $name);
-	if (defined($conf)) {
-		@remotes = split(' ', $conf);
-	} elsif ($name eq 'default') {
-		@remotes = ();
-		for (sort keys %$remote) {
-			my $do_fetch = $git->config_bool("remote." . $_ .
-						    ".skipDefaultUpdate");
-			unless ($do_fetch) {
-				push @remotes, $_;
-			}
-		}
-	} else {
-		print STDERR "Remote group $name does not exist.\n";
-		exit(1);
-	}
-	for (@remotes) {
-		print "Updating $_\n";
-		$git->command('fetch', "$_");
-	}
-}
-
-sub rm_remote {
-	my ($name) = @_;
-	if (!exists $remote->{$name}) {
-		print STDERR "No such remote $name\n";
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	$git->command('config', '--remove-section', "remote.$name");
-
-	eval {
-	    my @trackers = $git->command('config', '--get-regexp',
-			'branch.*.remote', $name);
-		for (@trackers) {
-			/^branch\.(.*)?\.remote/;
-			$git->config('--unset', "branch.$1.remote");
-			$git->config('--unset', "branch.$1.merge");
-		}
-	};
-
-	my @refs = $git->command('for-each-ref',
-		'--format=%(refname) %(objectname)', "refs/remotes/$name");
-	for (@refs) {
-		my ($ref, $object) = split;
-		$git->command(qw(update-ref -d), $ref, $object);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-sub add_usage {
-	print STDERR "usage: git remote add [-f] [-t track]* [-m master] <name> <url>\n";
-	exit(1);
-}
-
-my $VERBOSE = 0;
-@ARGV = grep {
-	if ($_ eq '-v' or $_ eq '--verbose') {
-		$VERBOSE=1;
-		0
-	} else {
-		1
-	}
-} @ARGV;
-
-if (!@ARGV) {
-	for (sort keys %$remote) {
-		print "$_";
-		print "\t$remote->{$_}->{URL}" if $VERBOSE;
-		print "\n";
-	}
-}
-elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'show') {
-	my $ls_remote = 1;
-	my $i;
-	for ($i = 1; $i < @ARGV; $i++) {
-		if ($ARGV[$i] eq '-n') {
-			$ls_remote = 0;
-		}
-		else {
-			last;
-		}
-	}
-	if ($i >= @ARGV) {
-		print STDERR "usage: git remote show <remote>\n";
-		exit(1);
-	}
-	my $status = 0;
-	for (; $i < @ARGV; $i++) {
-		$status |= show_remote($ARGV[$i], $ls_remote);
-	}
-	exit($status);
-}
-elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'update') {
-	if (@ARGV <= 1) {
-		update_remote("default");
-		exit(1);
-	}
-	for (my $i = 1; $i < @ARGV; $i++) {
-		update_remote($ARGV[$i]);
-	}
-}
-elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'prune') {
-	my $ls_remote = 1;
-	my $i;
-	for ($i = 1; $i < @ARGV; $i++) {
-		if ($ARGV[$i] eq '-n') {
-			$ls_remote = 0;
-		}
-		else {
-			last;
-		}
-	}
-	if ($i >= @ARGV) {
-		print STDERR "usage: git remote prune <remote>\n";
-		exit(1);
-	}
-	my $status = 0;
-	for (; $i < @ARGV; $i++) {
-		$status |= prune_remote($ARGV[$i], $ls_remote);
-	}
-        exit($status);
-}
-elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'add') {
-	my %opts = ();
-	while (1 < @ARGV && $ARGV[1] =~ /^-/) {
-		my $opt = $ARGV[1];
-		shift @ARGV;
-		if ($opt eq '-f' || $opt eq '--fetch') {
-			$opts{'fetch'} = 1;
-			next;
-		}
-		if ($opt eq '-t' || $opt eq '--track') {
-			if (@ARGV < 1) {
-				add_usage();
-			}
-			$opts{'track'} ||= [];
-			push @{$opts{'track'}}, $ARGV[1];
-			shift @ARGV;
-			next;
-		}
-		if ($opt eq '-m' || $opt eq '--master') {
-			if ((@ARGV < 1) || exists $opts{'master'}) {
-				add_usage();
-			}
-			$opts{'master'} = $ARGV[1];
-			shift @ARGV;
-			next;
-		}
-		if ($opt eq '--mirror') {
-			$opts{'mirror'} = 1;
-			next;
-		}
-		add_usage();
-	}
-	if (@ARGV != 3) {
-		add_usage();
-	}
-	add_remote($ARGV[1], $ARGV[2], \%opts);
-}
-elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'rm') {
-	if (@ARGV <= 1) {
-		print STDERR "usage: git remote rm <remote>\n";
-		exit(1);
-	}
-	exit(rm_remote($ARGV[1]));
-}
-else {
-	print STDERR "usage: git remote\n";
-	print STDERR "       git remote add <name> <url>\n";
-	print STDERR "       git remote rm <name>\n";
-	print STDERR "       git remote show <name>\n";
-	print STDERR "       git remote prune <name>\n";
-	print STDERR "       git remote update [group]\n";
-	exit(1);
-}
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-repack.sh b/contrib/examples/git-repack.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 96e3fed326..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-repack.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2005 Linus Torvalds
-#
-
-OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
-OPTIONS_SPEC="\
-git repack [options]
---
-a               pack everything in a single pack
-A               same as -a, and turn unreachable objects loose
-d               remove redundant packs, and run git-prune-packed
-f               pass --no-reuse-delta to git-pack-objects
-F               pass --no-reuse-object to git-pack-objects
-n               do not run git-update-server-info
-q,quiet         be quiet
-l               pass --local to git-pack-objects
-unpack-unreachable=  with -A, do not loosen objects older than this
- Packing constraints
-window=         size of the window used for delta compression
-window-memory=  same as the above, but limit memory size instead of entries count
-depth=          limits the maximum delta depth
-max-pack-size=  maximum size of each packfile
-"
-SUBDIRECTORY_OK='Yes'
-. git-sh-setup
-
-no_update_info= all_into_one= remove_redundant= unpack_unreachable=
-local= no_reuse= extra=
-while test $# != 0
-do
-	case "$1" in
-	-n)	no_update_info=t ;;
-	-a)	all_into_one=t ;;
-	-A)	all_into_one=t
-		unpack_unreachable=--unpack-unreachable ;;
-	--unpack-unreachable)
-		unpack_unreachable="--unpack-unreachable=$2"; shift ;;
-	-d)	remove_redundant=t ;;
-	-q)	GIT_QUIET=t ;;
-	-f)	no_reuse=--no-reuse-delta ;;
-	-F)	no_reuse=--no-reuse-object ;;
-	-l)	local=--local ;;
-	--max-pack-size|--window|--window-memory|--depth)
-		extra="$extra $1=$2"; shift ;;
-	--) shift; break;;
-	*)	usage ;;
-	esac
-	shift
-done
-
-case "$(git config --bool repack.usedeltabaseoffset || echo true)" in
-true)
-	extra="$extra --delta-base-offset" ;;
-esac
-
-PACKDIR="$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY/pack"
-PACKTMP="$PACKDIR/.tmp-$$-pack"
-rm -f "$PACKTMP"-*
-trap 'rm -f "$PACKTMP"-*' 0 1 2 3 15
-
-# There will be more repacking strategies to come...
-case ",$all_into_one," in
-,,)
-	args='--unpacked --incremental'
-	;;
-,t,)
-	args= existing=
-	if [ -d "$PACKDIR" ]; then
-		for e in `cd "$PACKDIR" && find . -type f -name '*.pack' \
-			| sed -e 's/^\.\///' -e 's/\.pack$//'`
-		do
-			if [ -e "$PACKDIR/$e.keep" ]; then
-				: keep
-			else
-				existing="$existing $e"
-			fi
-		done
-		if test -n "$existing" && test -n "$unpack_unreachable" && \
-			test -n "$remove_redundant"
-		then
-			# This may have arbitrary user arguments, so we
-			# have to protect it against whitespace splitting
-			# when it gets run as "pack-objects $args" later.
-			# Fortunately, we know it's an approxidate, so we
-			# can just use dots instead.
-			args="$args $(echo "$unpack_unreachable" | tr ' ' .)"
-		fi
-	fi
-	;;
-esac
-
-mkdir -p "$PACKDIR" || exit
-
-args="$args $local ${GIT_QUIET:+-q} $no_reuse$extra"
-names=$(git pack-objects --keep-true-parents --honor-pack-keep --non-empty --all --reflog $args </dev/null "$PACKTMP") ||
-	exit 1
-if [ -z "$names" ]; then
-	say Nothing new to pack.
-fi
-
-# Ok we have prepared all new packfiles.
-
-# First see if there are packs of the same name and if so
-# if we can move them out of the way (this can happen if we
-# repacked immediately after packing fully.
-rollback=
-failed=
-for name in $names
-do
-	for sfx in pack idx
-	do
-		file=pack-$name.$sfx
-		test -f "$PACKDIR/$file" || continue
-		rm -f "$PACKDIR/old-$file" &&
-		mv "$PACKDIR/$file" "$PACKDIR/old-$file" || {
-			failed=t
-			break
-		}
-		rollback="$rollback $file"
-	done
-	test -z "$failed" || break
-done
-
-# If renaming failed for any of them, roll the ones we have
-# already renamed back to their original names.
-if test -n "$failed"
-then
-	rollback_failure=
-	for file in $rollback
-	do
-		mv "$PACKDIR/old-$file" "$PACKDIR/$file" ||
-		rollback_failure="$rollback_failure $file"
-	done
-	if test -n "$rollback_failure"
-	then
-		echo >&2 "WARNING: Some packs in use have been renamed by"
-		echo >&2 "WARNING: prefixing old- to their name, in order to"
-		echo >&2 "WARNING: replace them with the new version of the"
-		echo >&2 "WARNING: file.  But the operation failed, and"
-		echo >&2 "WARNING: attempt to rename them back to their"
-		echo >&2 "WARNING: original names also failed."
-		echo >&2 "WARNING: Please rename them in $PACKDIR manually:"
-		for file in $rollback_failure
-		do
-			echo >&2 "WARNING:   old-$file -> $file"
-		done
-	fi
-	exit 1
-fi
-
-# Now the ones with the same name are out of the way...
-fullbases=
-for name in $names
-do
-	fullbases="$fullbases pack-$name"
-	chmod a-w "$PACKTMP-$name.pack"
-	chmod a-w "$PACKTMP-$name.idx"
-	mv -f "$PACKTMP-$name.pack" "$PACKDIR/pack-$name.pack" &&
-	mv -f "$PACKTMP-$name.idx"  "$PACKDIR/pack-$name.idx" ||
-	exit
-done
-
-# Remove the "old-" files
-for name in $names
-do
-	rm -f "$PACKDIR/old-pack-$name.idx"
-	rm -f "$PACKDIR/old-pack-$name.pack"
-done
-
-# End of pack replacement.
-
-if test "$remove_redundant" = t
-then
-	# We know $existing are all redundant.
-	if [ -n "$existing" ]
-	then
-		( cd "$PACKDIR" &&
-		  for e in $existing
-		  do
-			case " $fullbases " in
-			*" $e "*) ;;
-			*)	rm -f "$e.pack" "$e.idx" "$e.keep" ;;
-			esac
-		  done
-		)
-	fi
-	git prune-packed ${GIT_QUIET:+-q}
-fi
-
-case "$no_update_info" in
-t) : ;;
-*) git update-server-info ;;
-esac
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-rerere.perl b/contrib/examples/git-rerere.perl
deleted file mode 100755
index 4f692091e7..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-rerere.perl
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,284 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/perl
-#
-# REuse REcorded REsolve.  This tool records a conflicted automerge
-# result and its hand resolution, and helps to resolve future
-# automerge that results in the same conflict.
-#
-# To enable this feature, create a directory 'rr-cache' under your
-# .git/ directory.
-
-use Digest;
-use File::Path;
-use File::Copy;
-
-my $git_dir = $::ENV{GIT_DIR} || ".git";
-my $rr_dir = "$git_dir/rr-cache";
-my $merge_rr = "$git_dir/rr-cache/MERGE_RR";
-
-my %merge_rr = ();
-
-sub read_rr {
-	if (!-f $merge_rr) {
-		%merge_rr = ();
-		return;
-	}
-	my $in;
-	local $/ = "\0";
-	open $in, "<$merge_rr" or die "$!: $merge_rr";
-	while (<$in>) {
-		chomp;
-		my ($name, $path) = /^([0-9a-f]{40})\t(.*)$/s;
-		$merge_rr{$path} = $name;
-	}
-	close $in;
-}
-
-sub write_rr {
-	my $out;
-	open $out, ">$merge_rr" or die "$!: $merge_rr";
-	for my $path (sort keys %merge_rr) {
-		my $name = $merge_rr{$path};
-		print $out "$name\t$path\0";
-	}
-	close $out;
-}
-
-sub compute_conflict_name {
-	my ($path) = @_;
-	my @side = ();
-	my $in;
-	open $in, "<$path"  or die "$!: $path";
-
-	my $sha1 = Digest->new("SHA-1");
-	my $hunk = 0;
-	while (<$in>) {
-		if (/^<<<<<<< .*/) {
-			$hunk++;
-			@side = ([], undef);
-		}
-		elsif (/^=======$/) {
-			$side[1] = [];
-		}
-		elsif (/^>>>>>>> .*/) {
-			my ($one, $two);
-			$one = join('', @{$side[0]});
-			$two = join('', @{$side[1]});
-			if ($two le $one) {
-				($one, $two) = ($two, $one);
-			}
-			$sha1->add($one);
-			$sha1->add("\0");
-			$sha1->add($two);
-			$sha1->add("\0");
-			@side = ();
-		}
-		elsif (@side == 0) {
-			next;
-		}
-		elsif (defined $side[1]) {
-			push @{$side[1]}, $_;
-		}
-		else {
-			push @{$side[0]}, $_;
-		}
-	}
-	close $in;
-	return ($sha1->hexdigest, $hunk);
-}
-
-sub record_preimage {
-	my ($path, $name) = @_;
-	my @side = ();
-	my ($in, $out);
-	open $in, "<$path"  or die "$!: $path";
-	open $out, ">$name" or die "$!: $name";
-
-	while (<$in>) {
-		if (/^<<<<<<< .*/) {
-			@side = ([], undef);
-		}
-		elsif (/^=======$/) {
-			$side[1] = [];
-		}
-		elsif (/^>>>>>>> .*/) {
-			my ($one, $two);
-			$one = join('', @{$side[0]});
-			$two = join('', @{$side[1]});
-			if ($two le $one) {
-				($one, $two) = ($two, $one);
-			}
-			print $out "<<<<<<<\n";
-			print $out $one;
-			print $out "=======\n";
-			print $out $two;
-			print $out ">>>>>>>\n";
-			@side = ();
-		}
-		elsif (@side == 0) {
-			print $out $_;
-		}
-		elsif (defined $side[1]) {
-			push @{$side[1]}, $_;
-		}
-		else {
-			push @{$side[0]}, $_;
-		}
-	}
-	close $out;
-	close $in;
-}
-
-sub find_conflict {
-	my $in;
-	local $/ = "\0";
-	my $pid = open($in, '-|');
-	die "$!" unless defined $pid;
-	if (!$pid) {
-		exec(qw(git ls-files -z -u)) or die "$!: ls-files";
-	}
-	my %path = ();
-	my @path = ();
-	while (<$in>) {
-		chomp;
-		my ($mode, $sha1, $stage, $path) =
-		    /^([0-7]+) ([0-9a-f]{40}) ([123])\t(.*)$/s;
-		$path{$path} |= (1 << $stage);
-	}
-	close $in;
-	while (my ($path, $status) = each %path) {
-		if ($status == 14) { push @path, $path; }
-	}
-	return @path;
-}
-
-sub merge {
-	my ($name, $path) = @_;
-	record_preimage($path, "$rr_dir/$name/thisimage");
-	unless (system('git', 'merge-file', map { "$rr_dir/$name/${_}image" }
-		       qw(this pre post))) {
-		my $in;
-		open $in, "<$rr_dir/$name/thisimage" or
-		    die "$!: $name/thisimage";
-		my $out;
-		open $out, ">$path" or die "$!: $path";
-		while (<$in>) { print $out $_; }
-		close $in;
-		close $out;
-		return 1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-sub garbage_collect_rerere {
-	# We should allow specifying these from the command line and
-	# that is why the caller gives @ARGV to us, but I am lazy.
-
-	my $cutoff_noresolve = 15; # two weeks
-	my $cutoff_resolve = 60; # two months
-	my @to_remove;
-	while (<$rr_dir/*/preimage>) {
-		my ($dir) = /^(.*)\/preimage$/;
-		my $cutoff = ((-f "$dir/postimage")
-			      ? $cutoff_resolve
-			      : $cutoff_noresolve);
-		my $age = -M "$_";
-		if ($cutoff <= $age) {
-			push @to_remove, $dir;
-		}
-	}
-	if (@to_remove) {
-		rmtree(\@to_remove);
-	}
-}
-
--d "$rr_dir" || exit(0);
-
-read_rr();
-
-if (@ARGV) {
-	my $arg = shift @ARGV;
-	if ($arg eq 'clear') {
-		for my $path (keys %merge_rr) {
-			my $name = $merge_rr{$path};
-			if (-d "$rr_dir/$name" &&
-			    ! -f "$rr_dir/$name/postimage") {
-				rmtree(["$rr_dir/$name"]);
-			}
-		}
-		unlink $merge_rr;
-	}
-	elsif ($arg eq 'status') {
-		for my $path (keys %merge_rr) {
-			print $path, "\n";
-		}
-	}
-	elsif ($arg eq 'diff') {
-		for my $path (keys %merge_rr) {
-			my $name = $merge_rr{$path};
-			system('diff', ((@ARGV == 0) ? ('-u') : @ARGV),
-				'-L', "a/$path", '-L', "b/$path",
-				"$rr_dir/$name/preimage", $path);
-		}
-	}
-	elsif ($arg eq 'gc') {
-		garbage_collect_rerere(@ARGV);
-	}
-	else {
-		die "$0 unknown command: $arg\n";
-	}
-	exit 0;
-}
-
-my %conflict = map { $_ => 1 } find_conflict();
-
-# MERGE_RR records paths with conflicts immediately after merge
-# failed.  Some of the conflicted paths might have been hand resolved
-# in the working tree since then, but the initial run would catch all
-# and register their preimages.
-
-for my $path (keys %conflict) {
-	# This path has conflict.  If it is not recorded yet,
-	# record the pre-image.
-	if (!exists $merge_rr{$path}) {
-		my ($name, $hunk) = compute_conflict_name($path);
-		next unless ($hunk);
-		$merge_rr{$path} = $name;
-		if (! -d "$rr_dir/$name") {
-			mkpath("$rr_dir/$name", 0, 0777);
-			print STDERR "Recorded preimage for '$path'\n";
-			record_preimage($path, "$rr_dir/$name/preimage");
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-# Now some of the paths that had conflicts earlier might have been
-# hand resolved.  Others may be similar to a conflict already that
-# was resolved before.
-
-for my $path (keys %merge_rr) {
-	my $name = $merge_rr{$path};
-
-	# We could resolve this automatically if we have images.
-	if (-f "$rr_dir/$name/preimage" &&
-	    -f "$rr_dir/$name/postimage") {
-		if (merge($name, $path)) {
-			print STDERR "Resolved '$path' using previous resolution.\n";
-			# Then we do not have to worry about this path
-			# anymore.
-			delete $merge_rr{$path};
-			next;
-		}
-	}
-
-	# Let's see if we have resolved it.
-	(undef, my $hunk) = compute_conflict_name($path);
-	next if ($hunk);
-
-	print STDERR "Recorded resolution for '$path'.\n";
-	copy($path, "$rr_dir/$name/postimage");
-	# And we do not have to worry about this path anymore.
-	delete $merge_rr{$path};
-}
-
-# Write out the rest.
-write_rr();
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-reset.sh b/contrib/examples/git-reset.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index cb1bbf3b90..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-reset.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,106 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2005, 2006 Linus Torvalds and Junio C Hamano
-#
-USAGE='[--mixed | --soft | --hard]  [<commit-ish>] [ [--] <paths>...]'
-SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
-. git-sh-setup
-set_reflog_action "reset $*"
-require_work_tree
-
-update= reset_type=--mixed
-unset rev
-
-while test $# != 0
-do
-	case "$1" in
-	--mixed | --soft | --hard)
-		reset_type="$1"
-		;;
-	--)
-		break
-		;;
-	-*)
-		usage
-		;;
-	*)
-		rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1") || exit
-		shift
-		break
-		;;
-	esac
-	shift
-done
-
-: ${rev=HEAD}
-rev=$(git rev-parse --verify $rev^0) || exit
-
-# Skip -- in "git reset HEAD -- foo" and "git reset -- foo".
-case "$1" in --) shift ;; esac
-
-# git reset --mixed tree [--] paths... can be used to
-# load chosen paths from the tree into the index without
-# affecting the working tree or HEAD.
-if test $# != 0
-then
-	test "$reset_type" = "--mixed" ||
-		die "Cannot do partial $reset_type reset."
-
-	git diff-index --cached $rev -- "$@" |
-	sed -e 's/^:\([0-7][0-7]*\) [0-7][0-7]* \([0-9a-f][0-9a-f]*\) [0-9a-f][0-9a-f]* [A-Z]	\(.*\)$/\1 \2	\3/' |
-	git update-index --add --remove --index-info || exit
-	git update-index --refresh
-	exit
-fi
-
-cd_to_toplevel
-
-if test "$reset_type" = "--hard"
-then
-	update=-u
-fi
-
-# Soft reset does not touch the index file or the working tree
-# at all, but requires them in a good order.  Other resets reset
-# the index file to the tree object we are switching to.
-if test "$reset_type" = "--soft"
-then
-	if test -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD" ||
-	   test "" != "$(git ls-files --unmerged)"
-	then
-		die "Cannot do a soft reset in the middle of a merge."
-	fi
-else
-	git read-tree -v --reset $update "$rev" || exit
-fi
-
-# Any resets update HEAD to the head being switched to.
-if orig=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD 2>/dev/null)
-then
-	echo "$orig" >"$GIT_DIR/ORIG_HEAD"
-else
-	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/ORIG_HEAD"
-fi
-git update-ref -m "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION" HEAD "$rev"
-update_ref_status=$?
-
-case "$reset_type" in
---hard )
-	test $update_ref_status = 0 && {
-		printf "HEAD is now at "
-		GIT_PAGER= git log --max-count=1 --pretty=oneline \
-			--abbrev-commit HEAD
-	}
-	;;
---soft )
-	;; # Nothing else to do
---mixed )
-	# Report what has not been updated.
-	git update-index --refresh
-	;;
-esac
-
-rm -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD" "$GIT_DIR/rr-cache/MERGE_RR" \
-	"$GIT_DIR/SQUASH_MSG" "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG"
-
-exit $update_ref_status
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-resolve.sh b/contrib/examples/git-resolve.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 70fdc27b72..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-resolve.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2005 Linus Torvalds
-#
-# Resolve two trees.
-#
-
-echo 'WARNING: This command is DEPRECATED and will be removed very soon.' >&2
-echo 'WARNING: Please use git-merge or git-pull instead.' >&2
-sleep 2
-
-USAGE='<head> <remote> <merge-message>'
-. git-sh-setup
-
-dropheads() {
-	rm -f -- "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD" \
-		"$GIT_DIR/LAST_MERGE" || exit 1
-}
-
-head=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1"^0) &&
-merge=$(git rev-parse --verify "$2"^0) &&
-merge_name="$2" &&
-merge_msg="$3" || usage
-
-#
-# The remote name is just used for the message,
-# but we do want it.
-#
-if [ -z "$head" -o -z "$merge" -o -z "$merge_msg" ]; then
-	usage
-fi
-
-dropheads
-echo $head > "$GIT_DIR"/ORIG_HEAD
-echo $merge > "$GIT_DIR"/LAST_MERGE
-
-common=$(git merge-base $head $merge)
-if [ -z "$common" ]; then
-	die "Unable to find common commit between" $merge $head
-fi
-
-case "$common" in
-"$merge")
-	echo "Already up-to-date. Yeeah!"
-	dropheads
-	exit 0
-	;;
-"$head")
-	echo "Updating $(git rev-parse --short $head)..$(git rev-parse --short $merge)"
-	git read-tree -u -m $head $merge || exit 1
-	git update-ref -m "resolve $merge_name: Fast-forward" \
-		HEAD "$merge" "$head"
-	git diff-tree -p $head $merge | git apply --stat
-	dropheads
-	exit 0
-	;;
-esac
-
-# We are going to make a new commit.
-git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT >/dev/null || exit
-
-# Find an optimum merge base if there are more than one candidates.
-LF='
-'
-common=$(git merge-base -a $head $merge)
-case "$common" in
-?*"$LF"?*)
-	echo "Trying to find the optimum merge base."
-	G=.tmp-index$$
-	best=
-	best_cnt=-1
-	for c in $common
-	do
-		rm -f $G
-		GIT_INDEX_FILE=$G git read-tree -m $c $head $merge \
-			2>/dev/null || continue
-		# Count the paths that are unmerged.
-		cnt=$(GIT_INDEX_FILE=$G git ls-files --unmerged | wc -l)
-		if test $best_cnt -le 0 || test $cnt -le $best_cnt
-		then
-			best=$c
-			best_cnt=$cnt
-			if test "$best_cnt" -eq 0
-			then
-				# Cannot do any better than all trivial merge.
-				break
-			fi
-		fi
-	done
-	rm -f $G
-	common="$best"
-esac
-
-echo "Trying to merge $merge into $head using $common."
-git update-index --refresh 2>/dev/null
-git read-tree -u -m $common $head $merge || exit 1
-result_tree=$(git write-tree  2> /dev/null)
-if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
-	echo "Simple merge failed, trying Automatic merge"
-	git-merge-index -o git-merge-one-file -a
-	if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
-		echo $merge > "$GIT_DIR"/MERGE_HEAD
-		die "Automatic merge failed, fix up by hand"
-	fi
-	result_tree=$(git write-tree) || exit 1
-fi
-result_commit=$(echo "$merge_msg" | git commit-tree $result_tree -p $head -p $merge)
-echo "Committed merge $result_commit"
-git update-ref -m "resolve $merge_name: In-index merge" \
-	HEAD "$result_commit" "$head"
-git diff-tree -p $head $result_commit | git apply --stat
-dropheads
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-revert.sh b/contrib/examples/git-revert.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 7e2aad5491..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-revert.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,207 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2005 Linus Torvalds
-# Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
-#
-
-case "$0" in
-*-revert* )
-	test -t 0 && edit=-e
-	replay=
-	me=revert
-	USAGE='[--edit | --no-edit] [-n] <commit-ish>' ;;
-*-cherry-pick* )
-	replay=t
-	edit=
-	me=cherry-pick
-	USAGE='[--edit] [-n] [-r] [-x] <commit-ish>'  ;;
-* )
-	echo >&2 "What are you talking about?"
-	exit 1 ;;
-esac
-
-SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes ;# we will cd up
-. git-sh-setup
-require_work_tree
-cd_to_toplevel
-
-no_commit=
-xopt=
-while case "$#" in 0) break ;; esac
-do
-	case "$1" in
-	-n|--n|--no|--no-|--no-c|--no-co|--no-com|--no-comm|\
-	    --no-commi|--no-commit)
-		no_commit=t
-		;;
-	-e|--e|--ed|--edi|--edit)
-		edit=-e
-		;;
-	--n|--no|--no-|--no-e|--no-ed|--no-edi|--no-edit)
-		edit=
-		;;
-	-r)
-		: no-op ;;
-	-x|--i-really-want-to-expose-my-private-commit-object-name)
-		replay=
-		;;
-	-X?*)
-		xopt="$xopt$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "--${1#-X}")"
-		;;
-	--strategy-option=*)
-		xopt="$xopt$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "--${1#--strategy-option=}")"
-		;;
-	-X|--strategy-option)
-		shift
-		xopt="$xopt$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "--$1")"
-		;;
-	-*)
-		usage
-		;;
-	*)
-		break
-		;;
-	esac
-	shift
-done
-
-set_reflog_action "$me"
-
-test "$me,$replay" = "revert,t" && usage
-
-case "$no_commit" in
-t)
-	# We do not intend to commit immediately.  We just want to
-	# merge the differences in.
-	head=$(git-write-tree) ||
-		die "Your index file is unmerged."
-	;;
-*)
-	head=$(git-rev-parse --verify HEAD) ||
-		die "You do not have a valid HEAD"
-	files=$(git-diff-index --cached --name-only $head) || exit
-	if [ "$files" ]; then
-		die "Dirty index: cannot $me (dirty: $files)"
-	fi
-	;;
-esac
-
-rev=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$@") &&
-commit=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$rev^0") ||
-	die "Not a single commit $@"
-prev=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$commit^1" 2>/dev/null) ||
-	die "Cannot run $me a root commit"
-git-rev-parse --verify "$commit^2" >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
-	die "Cannot run $me a multi-parent commit."
-
-encoding=$(git config i18n.commitencoding || echo UTF-8)
-
-# "commit" is an existing commit.  We would want to apply
-# the difference it introduces since its first parent "prev"
-# on top of the current HEAD if we are cherry-pick.  Or the
-# reverse of it if we are revert.
-
-case "$me" in
-revert)
-	git show -s --pretty=oneline --encoding="$encoding" $commit |
-	sed -e '
-		s/^[^ ]* /Revert "/
-		s/$/"/
-	'
-	echo
-	echo "This reverts commit $commit."
-	test "$rev" = "$commit" ||
-	echo "(original 'git revert' arguments: $@)"
-	base=$commit next=$prev
-	;;
-
-cherry-pick)
-	pick_author_script='
-	/^author /{
-		s/'\''/'\''\\'\'\''/g
-		h
-		s/^author \([^<]*\) <[^>]*> .*$/\1/
-		s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
-		s/.*/GIT_AUTHOR_NAME='\''&'\''/p
-
-		g
-		s/^author [^<]* <\([^>]*\)> .*$/\1/
-		s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
-		s/.*/GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL='\''&'\''/p
-
-		g
-		s/^author [^<]* <[^>]*> \(.*\)$/\1/
-		s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
-		s/.*/GIT_AUTHOR_DATE='\''&'\''/p
-
-		q
-	}'
-
-	logmsg=$(git show -s --pretty=raw --encoding="$encoding" "$commit")
-	set_author_env=`echo "$logmsg" |
-	LANG=C LC_ALL=C sed -ne "$pick_author_script"`
-	eval "$set_author_env"
-	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME
-	export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
-	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
-
-	echo "$logmsg" |
-	sed -e '1,/^$/d' -e 's/^    //'
-	case "$replay" in
-	'')
-		echo "(cherry picked from commit $commit)"
-		test "$rev" = "$commit" ||
-		echo "(original 'git cherry-pick' arguments: $@)"
-		;;
-	esac
-	base=$prev next=$commit
-	;;
-
-esac >.msg
-
-eval GITHEAD_$head=HEAD
-eval GITHEAD_$next='`git show -s \
-	--pretty=oneline --encoding="$encoding" "$commit" |
-	sed -e "s/^[^ ]* //"`'
-export GITHEAD_$head GITHEAD_$next
-
-# This three way merge is an interesting one.  We are at
-# $head, and would want to apply the change between $commit
-# and $prev on top of us (when reverting), or the change between
-# $prev and $commit on top of us (when cherry-picking or replaying).
-
-eval "git merge-recursive $xopt $base -- $head $next" &&
-result=$(git-write-tree 2>/dev/null) || {
-	mv -f .msg "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG"
-	{
-	    echo '
-Conflicts:
-'
-		git ls-files --unmerged |
-		sed -e 's/^[^	]*	/	/' |
-		uniq
-	} >>"$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG"
-	echo >&2 "Automatic $me failed.  After resolving the conflicts,"
-	echo >&2 "mark the corrected paths with 'git-add <paths>'"
-	echo >&2 "and commit the result."
-	case "$me" in
-	cherry-pick)
-		echo >&2 "You may choose to use the following when making"
-		echo >&2 "the commit:"
-		echo >&2 "$set_author_env"
-	esac
-	exit 1
-}
-
-# If we are cherry-pick, and if the merge did not result in
-# hand-editing, we will hit this commit and inherit the original
-# author date and name.
-# If we are revert, or if our cherry-pick results in a hand merge,
-# we had better say that the current user is responsible for that.
-
-case "$no_commit" in
-'')
-	git-commit -n -F .msg $edit
-	rm -f .msg
-	;;
-esac
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.perl b/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.perl
deleted file mode 100755
index c414f0d9c7..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.perl
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,976 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/perl
-
-# This tool is copyright (c) 2005, Matthias Urlichs.
-# It is released under the Gnu Public License, version 2.
-#
-# The basic idea is to pull and analyze SVN changes.
-#
-# Checking out the files is done by a single long-running SVN connection.
-#
-# The head revision is on branch "origin" by default.
-# You can change that with the '-o' option.
-
-use strict;
-use warnings;
-use Getopt::Std;
-use File::Copy;
-use File::Spec;
-use File::Temp qw(tempfile);
-use File::Path qw(mkpath);
-use File::Basename qw(basename dirname);
-use Time::Local;
-use IO::Pipe;
-use POSIX qw(strftime dup2);
-use IPC::Open2;
-use SVN::Core;
-use SVN::Ra;
-
-die "Need SVN:Core 1.2.1 or better" if $SVN::Core::VERSION lt "1.2.1";
-
-$SIG{'PIPE'}="IGNORE";
-$ENV{'TZ'}="UTC";
-
-our($opt_h,$opt_o,$opt_v,$opt_u,$opt_C,$opt_i,$opt_m,$opt_M,$opt_t,$opt_T,
-    $opt_b,$opt_r,$opt_I,$opt_A,$opt_s,$opt_l,$opt_d,$opt_D,$opt_S,$opt_F,
-    $opt_P,$opt_R);
-
-sub usage() {
-	print STDERR <<END;
-usage: ${\basename $0}     # fetch/update GIT from SVN
-       [-o branch-for-HEAD] [-h] [-v] [-l max_rev] [-R repack_each_revs]
-       [-C GIT_repository] [-t tagname] [-T trunkname] [-b branchname]
-       [-d|-D] [-i] [-u] [-r] [-I ignorefilename] [-s start_chg]
-       [-m] [-M regex] [-A author_file] [-S] [-F] [-P project_name] [SVN_URL]
-END
-	exit(1);
-}
-
-getopts("A:b:C:dDFhiI:l:mM:o:rs:t:T:SP:R:uv") or usage();
-usage if $opt_h;
-
-my $tag_name = $opt_t || "tags";
-my $trunk_name = defined $opt_T ? $opt_T : "trunk";
-my $branch_name = $opt_b || "branches";
-my $project_name = $opt_P || "";
-$project_name = "/" . $project_name if ($project_name);
-my $repack_after = $opt_R || 1000;
-my $root_pool = SVN::Pool->new_default;
-
-@ARGV == 1 or @ARGV == 2 or usage();
-
-$opt_o ||= "origin";
-$opt_s ||= 1;
-my $git_tree = $opt_C;
-$git_tree ||= ".";
-
-my $svn_url = $ARGV[0];
-my $svn_dir = $ARGV[1];
-
-our @mergerx = ();
-if ($opt_m) {
-	my $branch_esc = quotemeta ($branch_name);
-	my $trunk_esc  = quotemeta ($trunk_name);
-	@mergerx =
-	(
-		qr!\b(?:merg(?:ed?|ing))\b.*?\b((?:(?<=$branch_esc/)[\w\.\-]+)|(?:$trunk_esc))\b!i,
-		qr!\b(?:from|of)\W+((?:(?<=$branch_esc/)[\w\.\-]+)|(?:$trunk_esc))\b!i,
-		qr!\b(?:from|of)\W+(?:the )?([\w\.\-]+)[-\s]branch\b!i
-	);
-}
-if ($opt_M) {
-	unshift (@mergerx, qr/$opt_M/);
-}
-
-# Absolutize filename now, since we will have chdir'ed by the time we
-# get around to opening it.
-$opt_A = File::Spec->rel2abs($opt_A) if $opt_A;
-
-our %users = ();
-our $users_file = undef;
-sub read_users($) {
-	$users_file = File::Spec->rel2abs(@_);
-	die "Cannot open $users_file\n" unless -f $users_file;
-	open(my $authors,$users_file);
-	while(<$authors>) {
-		chomp;
-		next unless /^(\S+?)\s*=\s*(.+?)\s*<(.+)>\s*$/;
-		(my $user,my $name,my $email) = ($1,$2,$3);
-		$users{$user} = [$name,$email];
-	}
-	close($authors);
-}
-
-select(STDERR); $|=1; select(STDOUT);
-
-
-package SVNconn;
-# Basic SVN connection.
-# We're only interested in connecting and downloading, so ...
-
-use File::Spec;
-use File::Temp qw(tempfile);
-use POSIX qw(strftime dup2);
-use Fcntl qw(SEEK_SET);
-
-sub new {
-	my($what,$repo) = @_;
-	$what=ref($what) if ref($what);
-
-	my $self = {};
-	$self->{'buffer'} = "";
-	bless($self,$what);
-
-	$repo =~ s#/+$##;
-	$self->{'fullrep'} = $repo;
-	$self->conn();
-
-	return $self;
-}
-
-sub conn {
-	my $self = shift;
-	my $repo = $self->{'fullrep'};
-	my $auth = SVN::Core::auth_open ([SVN::Client::get_simple_provider,
-			  SVN::Client::get_ssl_server_trust_file_provider,
-			  SVN::Client::get_username_provider]);
-	my $s = SVN::Ra->new(url => $repo, auth => $auth, pool => $root_pool);
-	die "SVN connection to $repo: $!\n" unless defined $s;
-	$self->{'svn'} = $s;
-	$self->{'repo'} = $repo;
-	$self->{'maxrev'} = $s->get_latest_revnum();
-}
-
-sub file {
-	my($self,$path,$rev) = @_;
-
-	my ($fh, $name) = tempfile('gitsvn.XXXXXX',
-		    DIR => File::Spec->tmpdir(), UNLINK => 1);
-
-	print "... $rev $path ...\n" if $opt_v;
-	my (undef, $properties);
-	$path =~ s#^/*##;
-	my $subpool = SVN::Pool::new_default_sub;
-	eval { (undef, $properties)
-		   = $self->{'svn'}->get_file($path,$rev,$fh); };
-	if($@) {
-		return undef if $@ =~ /Attempted to get checksum/;
-		die $@;
-	}
-	my $mode;
-	if (exists $properties->{'svn:executable'}) {
-		$mode = '100755';
-	} elsif (exists $properties->{'svn:special'}) {
-		my ($special_content, $filesize);
-		$filesize = tell $fh;
-		seek $fh, 0, SEEK_SET;
-		read $fh, $special_content, $filesize;
-		if ($special_content =~ s/^link //) {
-			$mode = '120000';
-			seek $fh, 0, SEEK_SET;
-			truncate $fh, 0;
-			print $fh $special_content;
-		} else {
-			die "unexpected svn:special file encountered";
-		}
-	} else {
-		$mode = '100644';
-	}
-	close ($fh);
-
-	return ($name, $mode);
-}
-
-sub ignore {
-	my($self,$path,$rev) = @_;
-
-	print "... $rev $path ...\n" if $opt_v;
-	$path =~ s#^/*##;
-	my $subpool = SVN::Pool::new_default_sub;
-	my (undef,undef,$properties)
-	    = $self->{'svn'}->get_dir($path,$rev,undef);
-	if (exists $properties->{'svn:ignore'}) {
-		my ($fh, $name) = tempfile('gitsvn.XXXXXX',
-					   DIR => File::Spec->tmpdir(),
-					   UNLINK => 1);
-		print $fh $properties->{'svn:ignore'};
-		close($fh);
-		return $name;
-	} else {
-		return undef;
-	}
-}
-
-sub dir_list {
-	my($self,$path,$rev) = @_;
-	$path =~ s#^/*##;
-	my $subpool = SVN::Pool::new_default_sub;
-	my ($dirents,undef,$properties)
-	    = $self->{'svn'}->get_dir($path,$rev,undef);
-	return $dirents;
-}
-
-package main;
-use URI;
-
-our $svn = $svn_url;
-$svn .= "/$svn_dir" if defined $svn_dir;
-my $svn2 = SVNconn->new($svn);
-$svn = SVNconn->new($svn);
-
-my $lwp_ua;
-if($opt_d or $opt_D) {
-	$svn_url = URI->new($svn_url)->canonical;
-	if($opt_D) {
-		$svn_dir =~ s#/*$#/#;
-	} else {
-		$svn_dir = "";
-	}
-	if ($svn_url->scheme eq "http") {
-		use LWP::UserAgent;
-		$lwp_ua = LWP::UserAgent->new(keep_alive => 1, requests_redirectable => []);
-	} else {
-		print STDERR "Warning: not HTTP; turning off direct file access\n";
-		$opt_d=0;
-	}
-}
-
-sub pdate($) {
-	my($d) = @_;
-	$d =~ m#(\d\d\d\d)-(\d\d)-(\d\d)T(\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d)#
-		or die "Unparseable date: $d\n";
-	my $y=$1; $y-=1900 if $y>1900;
-	return timegm($6||0,$5,$4,$3,$2-1,$y);
-}
-
-sub getwd() {
-	my $pwd = `pwd`;
-	chomp $pwd;
-	return $pwd;
-}
-
-
-sub get_headref($$) {
-    my $name    = shift;
-    my $git_dir = shift;
-    my $sha;
-
-    if (open(C,"$git_dir/refs/heads/$name")) {
-	chomp($sha = <C>);
-	close(C);
-	length($sha) == 40
-	    or die "Cannot get head id for $name ($sha): $!\n";
-    }
-    return $sha;
-}
-
-
--d $git_tree
-	or mkdir($git_tree,0777)
-	or die "Could not create $git_tree: $!";
-chdir($git_tree);
-
-my $orig_branch = "";
-my $forward_master = 0;
-my %branches;
-
-my $git_dir = $ENV{"GIT_DIR"} || ".git";
-$git_dir = getwd()."/".$git_dir unless $git_dir =~ m#^/#;
-$ENV{"GIT_DIR"} = $git_dir;
-my $orig_git_index;
-$orig_git_index = $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} if exists $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE};
-my ($git_ih, $git_index) = tempfile('gitXXXXXX', SUFFIX => '.idx',
-				    DIR => File::Spec->tmpdir());
-close ($git_ih);
-$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = $git_index;
-my $maxnum = 0;
-my $last_rev = "";
-my $last_branch;
-my $current_rev = $opt_s || 1;
-unless(-d $git_dir) {
-	system("git init");
-	die "Cannot init the GIT db at $git_tree: $?\n" if $?;
-	system("git read-tree --empty");
-	die "Cannot init an empty tree: $?\n" if $?;
-
-	$last_branch = $opt_o;
-	$orig_branch = "";
-} else {
-	-f "$git_dir/refs/heads/$opt_o"
-		or die "Branch '$opt_o' does not exist.\n".
-		       "Either use the correct '-o branch' option,\n".
-		       "or import to a new repository.\n";
-
-	-f "$git_dir/svn2git"
-		or die "'$git_dir/svn2git' does not exist.\n".
-		       "You need that file for incremental imports.\n";
-	open(F, "git symbolic-ref HEAD |") or
-		die "Cannot run git-symbolic-ref: $!\n";
-	chomp ($last_branch = <F>);
-	$last_branch = basename($last_branch);
-	close(F);
-	unless($last_branch) {
-		warn "Cannot read the last branch name: $! -- assuming 'master'\n";
-		$last_branch = "master";
-	}
-	$orig_branch = $last_branch;
-	$last_rev = get_headref($orig_branch, $git_dir);
-	if (-f "$git_dir/SVN2GIT_HEAD") {
-		die <<EOM;
-SVN2GIT_HEAD exists.
-Make sure your working directory corresponds to HEAD and remove SVN2GIT_HEAD.
-You may need to run
-
-    git-read-tree -m -u SVN2GIT_HEAD HEAD
-EOM
-	}
-	system('cp', "$git_dir/HEAD", "$git_dir/SVN2GIT_HEAD");
-
-	$forward_master =
-	    $opt_o ne 'master' && -f "$git_dir/refs/heads/master" &&
-	    system('cmp', '-s', "$git_dir/refs/heads/master",
-				"$git_dir/refs/heads/$opt_o") == 0;
-
-	# populate index
-	system('git', 'read-tree', $last_rev);
-	die "read-tree failed: $?\n" if $?;
-
-	# Get the last import timestamps
-	open my $B,"<", "$git_dir/svn2git";
-	while(<$B>) {
-		chomp;
-		my($num,$branch,$ref) = split;
-		$branches{$branch}{$num} = $ref;
-		$branches{$branch}{"LAST"} = $ref;
-		$current_rev = $num+1 if $current_rev <= $num;
-	}
-	close($B);
-}
--d $git_dir
-	or die "Could not create git subdir ($git_dir).\n";
-
-my $default_authors = "$git_dir/svn-authors";
-if ($opt_A) {
-	read_users($opt_A);
-	copy($opt_A,$default_authors) or die "Copy failed: $!";
-} else {
-	read_users($default_authors) if -f $default_authors;
-}
-
-open BRANCHES,">>", "$git_dir/svn2git";
-
-sub node_kind($$) {
-	my ($svnpath, $revision) = @_;
-	$svnpath =~ s#^/*##;
-	my $subpool = SVN::Pool::new_default_sub;
-	my $kind = $svn->{'svn'}->check_path($svnpath,$revision);
-	return $kind;
-}
-
-sub get_file($$$) {
-	my($svnpath,$rev,$path) = @_;
-
-	# now get it
-	my ($name,$mode);
-	if($opt_d) {
-		my($req,$res);
-
-		# /svn/!svn/bc/2/django/trunk/django-docs/build.py
-		my $url=$svn_url->clone();
-		$url->path($url->path."/!svn/bc/$rev/$svn_dir$svnpath");
-		print "... $path...\n" if $opt_v;
-		$req = HTTP::Request->new(GET => $url);
-		$res = $lwp_ua->request($req);
-		if ($res->is_success) {
-			my $fh;
-			($fh, $name) = tempfile('gitsvn.XXXXXX',
-			DIR => File::Spec->tmpdir(), UNLINK => 1);
-			print $fh $res->content;
-			close($fh) or die "Could not write $name: $!\n";
-		} else {
-			return undef if $res->code == 301; # directory?
-			die $res->status_line." at $url\n";
-		}
-		$mode = '0644'; # can't obtain mode via direct http request?
-	} else {
-		($name,$mode) = $svn->file("$svnpath",$rev);
-		return undef unless defined $name;
-	}
-
-	my $pid = open(my $F, '-|');
-	die $! unless defined $pid;
-	if (!$pid) {
-	    exec("git", "hash-object", "-w", $name)
-		or die "Cannot create object: $!\n";
-	}
-	my $sha = <$F>;
-	chomp $sha;
-	close $F;
-	unlink $name;
-	return [$mode, $sha, $path];
-}
-
-sub get_ignore($$$$$) {
-	my($new,$old,$rev,$path,$svnpath) = @_;
-
-	return unless $opt_I;
-	my $name = $svn->ignore("$svnpath",$rev);
-	if ($path eq '/') {
-		$path = $opt_I;
-	} else {
-		$path = File::Spec->catfile($path,$opt_I);
-	}
-	if (defined $name) {
-		my $pid = open(my $F, '-|');
-		die $! unless defined $pid;
-		if (!$pid) {
-			exec("git", "hash-object", "-w", $name)
-			    or die "Cannot create object: $!\n";
-		}
-		my $sha = <$F>;
-		chomp $sha;
-		close $F;
-		unlink $name;
-		push(@$new,['0644',$sha,$path]);
-	} elsif (defined $old) {
-		push(@$old,$path);
-	}
-}
-
-sub project_path($$)
-{
-	my ($path, $project) = @_;
-
-	$path = "/".$path unless ($path =~ m#^\/#) ;
-	return $1 if ($path =~ m#^$project\/(.*)$#);
-
-	$path =~ s#\.#\\\.#g;
-	$path =~ s#\+#\\\+#g;
-	return "/" if ($project =~ m#^$path.*$#);
-
-	return undef;
-}
-
-sub split_path($$) {
-	my($rev,$path) = @_;
-	my $branch;
-
-	if($path =~ s#^/\Q$tag_name\E/([^/]+)/?##) {
-		$branch = "/$1";
-	} elsif($path =~ s#^/\Q$trunk_name\E/?##) {
-		$branch = "/";
-	} elsif($path =~ s#^/\Q$branch_name\E/([^/]+)/?##) {
-		$branch = $1;
-	} else {
-		my %no_error = (
-			"/" => 1,
-			"/$tag_name" => 1,
-			"/$branch_name" => 1
-		);
-		print STDERR "$rev: Unrecognized path: $path\n" unless (defined $no_error{$path});
-		return ()
-	}
-	if ($path eq "") {
-		$path = "/";
-	} elsif ($project_name) {
-		$path = project_path($path, $project_name);
-	}
-	return ($branch,$path);
-}
-
-sub branch_rev($$) {
-
-	my ($srcbranch,$uptorev) = @_;
-
-	my $bbranches = $branches{$srcbranch};
-	my @revs = reverse sort { ($a eq 'LAST' ? 0 : $a) <=> ($b eq 'LAST' ? 0 : $b) } keys %$bbranches;
-	my $therev;
-	foreach my $arev(@revs) {
-		next if  ($arev eq 'LAST');
-		if ($arev <= $uptorev) {
-			$therev = $arev;
-			last;
-		}
-	}
-	return $therev;
-}
-
-sub expand_svndir($$$);
-
-sub expand_svndir($$$)
-{
-	my ($svnpath, $rev, $path) = @_;
-	my @list;
-	get_ignore(\@list, undef, $rev, $path, $svnpath);
-	my $dirents = $svn->dir_list($svnpath, $rev);
-	foreach my $p(keys %$dirents) {
-		my $kind = node_kind($svnpath.'/'.$p, $rev);
-		if ($kind eq $SVN::Node::file) {
-			my $f = get_file($svnpath.'/'.$p, $rev, $path.'/'.$p);
-			push(@list, $f) if $f;
-		} elsif ($kind eq $SVN::Node::dir) {
-			push(@list,
-			     expand_svndir($svnpath.'/'.$p, $rev, $path.'/'.$p));
-		}
-	}
-	return @list;
-}
-
-sub copy_path($$$$$$$$) {
-	# Somebody copied a whole subdirectory.
-	# We need to find the index entries from the old version which the
-	# SVN log entry points to, and add them to the new place.
-
-	my($newrev,$newbranch,$path,$oldpath,$rev,$node_kind,$new,$parents) = @_;
-
-	my($srcbranch,$srcpath) = split_path($rev,$oldpath);
-	unless(defined $srcbranch && defined $srcpath) {
-		print "Path not found when copying from $oldpath @ $rev.\n".
-			"Will try to copy from original SVN location...\n"
-			if $opt_v;
-		push (@$new, expand_svndir($oldpath, $rev, $path));
-		return;
-	}
-	my $therev = branch_rev($srcbranch, $rev);
-	my $gitrev = $branches{$srcbranch}{$therev};
-	unless($gitrev) {
-		print STDERR "$newrev:$newbranch: could not find $oldpath \@ $rev\n";
-		return;
-	}
-	if ($srcbranch ne $newbranch) {
-		push(@$parents, $branches{$srcbranch}{'LAST'});
-	}
-	print "$newrev:$newbranch:$path: copying from $srcbranch:$srcpath @ $rev\n" if $opt_v;
-	if ($node_kind eq $SVN::Node::dir) {
-		$srcpath =~ s#/*$#/#;
-	}
-
-	my $pid = open my $f,'-|';
-	die $! unless defined $pid;
-	if (!$pid) {
-		exec("git","ls-tree","-r","-z",$gitrev,$srcpath)
-			or die $!;
-	}
-	local $/ = "\0";
-	while(<$f>) {
-		chomp;
-		my($m,$p) = split(/\t/,$_,2);
-		my($mode,$type,$sha1) = split(/ /,$m);
-		next if $type ne "blob";
-		if ($node_kind eq $SVN::Node::dir) {
-			$p = $path . substr($p,length($srcpath)-1);
-		} else {
-			$p = $path;
-		}
-		push(@$new,[$mode,$sha1,$p]);
-	}
-	close($f) or
-		print STDERR "$newrev:$newbranch: could not list files in $oldpath \@ $rev\n";
-}
-
-sub commit {
-	my($branch, $changed_paths, $revision, $author, $date, $message) = @_;
-	my($committer_name,$committer_email,$dest);
-	my($author_name,$author_email);
-	my(@old,@new,@parents);
-
-	if (not defined $author or $author eq "") {
-		$committer_name = $committer_email = "unknown";
-	} elsif (defined $users_file) {
-		die "User $author is not listed in $users_file\n"
-		    unless exists $users{$author};
-		($committer_name,$committer_email) = @{$users{$author}};
-	} elsif ($author =~ /^(.*?)\s+<(.*)>$/) {
-		($committer_name, $committer_email) = ($1, $2);
-	} else {
-		$author =~ s/^<(.*)>$/$1/;
-		$committer_name = $committer_email = $author;
-	}
-
-	if ($opt_F && $message =~ /From:\s+(.*?)\s+<(.*)>\s*\n/) {
-		($author_name, $author_email) = ($1, $2);
-		print "Author from From: $1 <$2>\n" if ($opt_v);;
-	} elsif ($opt_S && $message =~ /Signed-off-by:\s+(.*?)\s+<(.*)>\s*\n/) {
-		($author_name, $author_email) = ($1, $2);
-		print "Author from Signed-off-by: $1 <$2>\n" if ($opt_v);;
-	} else {
-		$author_name = $committer_name;
-		$author_email = $committer_email;
-	}
-
-	$date = pdate($date);
-
-	my $tag;
-	my $parent;
-	if($branch eq "/") { # trunk
-		$parent = $opt_o;
-	} elsif($branch =~ m#^/(.+)#) { # tag
-		$tag = 1;
-		$parent = $1;
-	} else { # "normal" branch
-		# nothing to do
-		$parent = $branch;
-	}
-	$dest = $parent;
-
-	my $prev = $changed_paths->{"/"};
-	if($prev and $prev->[0] eq "A") {
-		delete $changed_paths->{"/"};
-		my $oldpath = $prev->[1];
-		my $rev;
-		if(defined $oldpath) {
-			my $p;
-			($parent,$p) = split_path($revision,$oldpath);
-			if(defined $parent) {
-				if($parent eq "/") {
-					$parent = $opt_o;
-				} else {
-					$parent =~ s#^/##; # if it's a tag
-				}
-			}
-		} else {
-			$parent = undef;
-		}
-	}
-
-	my $rev;
-	if($revision > $opt_s and defined $parent) {
-		open(H,'-|',"git","rev-parse","--verify",$parent);
-		$rev = <H>;
-		close(H) or do {
-			print STDERR "$revision: cannot find commit '$parent'!\n";
-			return;
-		};
-		chop $rev;
-		if(length($rev) != 40) {
-			print STDERR "$revision: cannot find commit '$parent'!\n";
-			return;
-		}
-		$rev = $branches{($parent eq $opt_o) ? "/" : $parent}{"LAST"};
-		if($revision != $opt_s and not $rev) {
-			print STDERR "$revision: do not know ancestor for '$parent'!\n";
-			return;
-		}
-	} else {
-		$rev = undef;
-	}
-
-#	if($prev and $prev->[0] eq "A") {
-#		if(not $tag) {
-#			unless(open(H,"> $git_dir/refs/heads/$branch")) {
-#				print STDERR "$revision: Could not create branch $branch: $!\n";
-#				$state=11;
-#				next;
-#			}
-#			print H "$rev\n"
-#				or die "Could not write branch $branch: $!";
-#			close(H)
-#				or die "Could not write branch $branch: $!";
-#		}
-#	}
-	if(not defined $rev) {
-		unlink($git_index);
-	} elsif ($rev ne $last_rev) {
-		print "Switching from $last_rev to $rev ($branch)\n" if $opt_v;
-		system("git", "read-tree", $rev);
-		die "read-tree failed for $rev: $?\n" if $?;
-		$last_rev = $rev;
-	}
-
-	push (@parents, $rev) if defined $rev;
-
-	my $cid;
-	if($tag and not %$changed_paths) {
-		$cid = $rev;
-	} else {
-		my @paths = sort keys %$changed_paths;
-		foreach my $path(@paths) {
-			my $action = $changed_paths->{$path};
-
-			if ($action->[0] eq "R") {
-				# refer to a file/tree in an earlier commit
-				push(@old,$path); # remove any old stuff
-			}
-			if(($action->[0] eq "A") || ($action->[0] eq "R")) {
-				my $node_kind = node_kind($action->[3], $revision);
-				if ($node_kind eq $SVN::Node::file) {
-					my $f = get_file($action->[3],
-							 $revision, $path);
-					if ($f) {
-						push(@new,$f) if $f;
-					} else {
-						my $opath = $action->[3];
-						print STDERR "$revision: $branch: could not fetch '$opath'\n";
-					}
-				} elsif ($node_kind eq $SVN::Node::dir) {
-					if($action->[1]) {
-						copy_path($revision, $branch,
-							  $path, $action->[1],
-							  $action->[2], $node_kind,
-							  \@new, \@parents);
-					} else {
-						get_ignore(\@new, \@old, $revision,
-							   $path, $action->[3]);
-					}
-				}
-			} elsif ($action->[0] eq "D") {
-				push(@old,$path);
-			} elsif ($action->[0] eq "M") {
-				my $node_kind = node_kind($action->[3], $revision);
-				if ($node_kind eq $SVN::Node::file) {
-					my $f = get_file($action->[3],
-							 $revision, $path);
-					push(@new,$f) if $f;
-				} elsif ($node_kind eq $SVN::Node::dir) {
-					get_ignore(\@new, \@old, $revision,
-						   $path, $action->[3]);
-				}
-			} else {
-				die "$revision: unknown action '".$action->[0]."' for $path\n";
-			}
-		}
-
-		while(@old) {
-			my @o1;
-			if(@old > 55) {
-				@o1 = splice(@old,0,50);
-			} else {
-				@o1 = @old;
-				@old = ();
-			}
-			my $pid = open my $F, "-|";
-			die "$!" unless defined $pid;
-			if (!$pid) {
-				exec("git", "ls-files", "-z", @o1) or die $!;
-			}
-			@o1 = ();
-			local $/ = "\0";
-			while(<$F>) {
-				chomp;
-				push(@o1,$_);
-			}
-			close($F);
-
-			while(@o1) {
-				my @o2;
-				if(@o1 > 55) {
-					@o2 = splice(@o1,0,50);
-				} else {
-					@o2 = @o1;
-					@o1 = ();
-				}
-				system("git","update-index","--force-remove","--",@o2);
-				die "Cannot remove files: $?\n" if $?;
-			}
-		}
-		while(@new) {
-			my @n2;
-			if(@new > 12) {
-				@n2 = splice(@new,0,10);
-			} else {
-				@n2 = @new;
-				@new = ();
-			}
-			system("git","update-index","--add",
-				(map { ('--cacheinfo', @$_) } @n2));
-			die "Cannot add files: $?\n" if $?;
-		}
-
-		my $pid = open(C,"-|");
-		die "Cannot fork: $!" unless defined $pid;
-		unless($pid) {
-			exec("git","write-tree");
-			die "Cannot exec git-write-tree: $!\n";
-		}
-		chomp(my $tree = <C>);
-		length($tree) == 40
-			or die "Cannot get tree id ($tree): $!\n";
-		close(C)
-			or die "Error running git-write-tree: $?\n";
-		print "Tree ID $tree\n" if $opt_v;
-
-		my $pr = IO::Pipe->new() or die "Cannot open pipe: $!\n";
-		my $pw = IO::Pipe->new() or die "Cannot open pipe: $!\n";
-		$pid = fork();
-		die "Fork: $!\n" unless defined $pid;
-		unless($pid) {
-			$pr->writer();
-			$pw->reader();
-			open(OUT,">&STDOUT");
-			dup2($pw->fileno(),0);
-			dup2($pr->fileno(),1);
-			$pr->close();
-			$pw->close();
-
-			my @par = ();
-
-			# loose detection of merges
-			# based on the commit msg
-			foreach my $rx (@mergerx) {
-				if ($message =~ $rx) {
-					my $mparent = $1;
-					if ($mparent eq 'HEAD') { $mparent = $opt_o };
-					if ( -e "$git_dir/refs/heads/$mparent") {
-						$mparent = get_headref($mparent, $git_dir);
-						push (@parents, $mparent);
-						print OUT "Merge parent branch: $mparent\n" if $opt_v;
-					}
-				}
-			}
-			my %seen_parents = ();
-			my @unique_parents = grep { ! $seen_parents{$_} ++ } @parents;
-			foreach my $bparent (@unique_parents) {
-				push @par, '-p', $bparent;
-				print OUT "Merge parent branch: $bparent\n" if $opt_v;
-			}
-
-			exec("env",
-				"GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=$author_name",
-				"GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=$author_email",
-				"GIT_AUTHOR_DATE=".strftime("+0000 %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",gmtime($date)),
-				"GIT_COMMITTER_NAME=$committer_name",
-				"GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=$committer_email",
-				"GIT_COMMITTER_DATE=".strftime("+0000 %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",gmtime($date)),
-				"git", "commit-tree", $tree,@par);
-			die "Cannot exec git-commit-tree: $!\n";
-		}
-		$pw->writer();
-		$pr->reader();
-
-		$message =~ s/[\s\n]+\z//;
-		$message = "r$revision: $message" if $opt_r;
-
-		print $pw "$message\n"
-			or die "Error writing to git-commit-tree: $!\n";
-		$pw->close();
-
-		print "Committed change $revision:$branch ".strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",gmtime($date)).")\n" if $opt_v;
-		chomp($cid = <$pr>);
-		length($cid) == 40
-			or die "Cannot get commit id ($cid): $!\n";
-		print "Commit ID $cid\n" if $opt_v;
-		$pr->close();
-
-		waitpid($pid,0);
-		die "Error running git-commit-tree: $?\n" if $?;
-	}
-
-	if (not defined $cid) {
-		$cid = $branches{"/"}{"LAST"};
-	}
-
-	if(not defined $dest) {
-		print "... no known parent\n" if $opt_v;
-	} elsif(not $tag) {
-		print "Writing to refs/heads/$dest\n" if $opt_v;
-		open(C,">$git_dir/refs/heads/$dest") and
-		print C ("$cid\n") and
-		close(C)
-			or die "Cannot write branch $dest for update: $!\n";
-	}
-
-	if ($tag) {
-		$last_rev = "-" if %$changed_paths;
-		# the tag was 'complex', i.e. did not refer to a "real" revision
-
-		$dest =~ tr/_/\./ if $opt_u;
-
-		system('git', 'tag', '-f', $dest, $cid) == 0
-			or die "Cannot create tag $dest: $!\n";
-
-		print "Created tag '$dest' on '$branch'\n" if $opt_v;
-	}
-	$branches{$branch}{"LAST"} = $cid;
-	$branches{$branch}{$revision} = $cid;
-	$last_rev = $cid;
-	print BRANCHES "$revision $branch $cid\n";
-	print "DONE: $revision $dest $cid\n" if $opt_v;
-}
-
-sub commit_all {
-	# Recursive use of the SVN connection does not work
-	local $svn = $svn2;
-
-	my ($changed_paths, $revision, $author, $date, $message) = @_;
-	my %p;
-	while(my($path,$action) = each %$changed_paths) {
-		$p{$path} = [ $action->action,$action->copyfrom_path, $action->copyfrom_rev, $path ];
-	}
-	$changed_paths = \%p;
-
-	my %done;
-	my @col;
-	my $pref;
-	my $branch;
-
-	while(my($path,$action) = each %$changed_paths) {
-		($branch,$path) = split_path($revision,$path);
-		next if not defined $branch;
-		next if not defined $path;
-		$done{$branch}{$path} = $action;
-	}
-	while(($branch,$changed_paths) = each %done) {
-		commit($branch, $changed_paths, $revision, $author, $date, $message);
-	}
-}
-
-$opt_l = $svn->{'maxrev'} if not defined $opt_l or $opt_l > $svn->{'maxrev'};
-
-if ($opt_l < $current_rev) {
-    print "Up to date: no new revisions to fetch!\n" if $opt_v;
-    unlink("$git_dir/SVN2GIT_HEAD");
-    exit;
-}
-
-print "Processing from $current_rev to $opt_l ...\n" if $opt_v;
-
-my $from_rev;
-my $to_rev = $current_rev - 1;
-
-my $subpool = SVN::Pool::new_default_sub;
-while ($to_rev < $opt_l) {
-	$subpool->clear;
-	$from_rev = $to_rev + 1;
-	$to_rev = $from_rev + $repack_after;
-	$to_rev = $opt_l if $opt_l < $to_rev;
-	print "Fetching from $from_rev to $to_rev ...\n" if $opt_v;
-	$svn->{'svn'}->get_log("",$from_rev,$to_rev,0,1,1,\&commit_all);
-	my $pid = fork();
-	die "Fork: $!\n" unless defined $pid;
-	unless($pid) {
-		exec("git", "repack", "-d")
-			or die "Cannot repack: $!\n";
-	}
-	waitpid($pid, 0);
-}
-
-
-unlink($git_index);
-
-if (defined $orig_git_index) {
-	$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = $orig_git_index;
-} else {
-	delete $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE};
-}
-
-# Now switch back to the branch we were in before all of this happened
-if($orig_branch) {
-	print "DONE\n" if $opt_v and (not defined $opt_l or $opt_l > 0);
-	system("cp","$git_dir/refs/heads/$opt_o","$git_dir/refs/heads/master")
-		if $forward_master;
-	unless ($opt_i) {
-		system('git', 'read-tree', '-m', '-u', 'SVN2GIT_HEAD', 'HEAD');
-		die "read-tree failed: $?\n" if $?;
-	}
-} else {
-	$orig_branch = "master";
-	print "DONE; creating $orig_branch branch\n" if $opt_v and (not defined $opt_l or $opt_l > 0);
-	system("cp","$git_dir/refs/heads/$opt_o","$git_dir/refs/heads/master")
-		unless -f "$git_dir/refs/heads/master";
-	system('git', 'update-ref', 'HEAD', "$orig_branch");
-	unless ($opt_i) {
-		system('git checkout');
-		die "checkout failed: $?\n" if $?;
-	}
-}
-unlink("$git_dir/SVN2GIT_HEAD");
-close(BRANCHES);
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.txt b/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 3f0a9c33b5..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,179 +0,0 @@
-git-svnimport(1)
-================
-v0.1, July 2005
-
-NAME
-----
-git-svnimport - Import a SVN repository into git
-
-
-SYNOPSIS
---------
-[verse]
-'git-svnimport' [ -o <branch-for-HEAD> ] [ -h ] [ -v ] [ -d | -D ]
-		[ -C <GIT_repository> ] [ -i ] [ -u ] [-l limit_rev]
-		[ -b branch_subdir ] [ -T trunk_subdir ] [ -t tag_subdir ]
-		[ -s start_chg ] [ -m ] [ -r ] [ -M regex ]
-		[ -I <ignorefile_name> ] [ -A <author_file> ]
-		[ -R <repack_each_revs>] [ -P <path_from_trunk> ]
-		<SVN_repository_URL> [ <path> ]
-
-
-DESCRIPTION
------------
-Imports a SVN repository into git. It will either create a new
-repository, or incrementally import into an existing one.
-
-SVN access is done by the SVN::Perl module.
-
-git-svnimport assumes that SVN repositories are organized into one
-"trunk" directory where the main development happens, "branches/FOO"
-directories for branches, and "/tags/FOO" directories for tags.
-Other subdirectories are ignored.
-
-git-svnimport creates a file ".git/svn2git", which is required for
-incremental SVN imports.
-
-OPTIONS
--------
--C <target-dir>::
-        The GIT repository to import to.  If the directory doesn't
-        exist, it will be created.  Default is the current directory.
-
--s <start_rev>::
-        Start importing at this SVN change number. The  default is 1.
-+
-When importing incrementally, you might need to edit the .git/svn2git file.
-
--i::
-	Import-only: don't perform a checkout after importing.  This option
-	ensures the working directory and index remain untouched and will
-	not create them if they do not exist.
-
--T <trunk_subdir>::
-	Name the SVN trunk. Default "trunk".
-
--t <tag_subdir>::
-	Name the SVN subdirectory for tags. Default "tags".
-
--b <branch_subdir>::
-	Name the SVN subdirectory for branches. Default "branches".
-
--o <branch-for-HEAD>::
-	The 'trunk' branch from SVN is imported to the 'origin' branch within
-	the git repository. Use this option if you want to import into a
-	different branch.
-
--r::
-	Prepend 'rX: ' to commit messages, where X is the imported
-	subversion revision.
-
--u::
-	Replace underscores in tag names with periods.
-
--I <ignorefile_name>::
-	Import the svn:ignore directory property to files with this
-	name in each directory. (The Subversion and GIT ignore
-	syntaxes are similar enough that using the Subversion patterns
-	directly with "-I .gitignore" will almost always just work.)
-
--A <author_file>::
-	Read a file with lines on the form
-+
-------
-	username = User's Full Name <email@addr.es>
-
-------
-+
-and use "User's Full Name <email@addr.es>" as the GIT
-author and committer for Subversion commits made by
-"username". If encountering a commit made by a user not in the
-list, abort.
-+
-For convenience, this data is saved to $GIT_DIR/svn-authors
-each time the -A option is provided, and read from that same
-file each time git-svnimport is run with an existing GIT
-repository without -A.
-
--m::
-	Attempt to detect merges based on the commit message. This option
-	will enable default regexes that try to capture the name source
-	branch name from the commit message.
-
--M <regex>::
-	Attempt to detect merges based on the commit message with a custom
-	regex. It can be used with -m to also see the default regexes.
-	You must escape forward slashes.
-
--l <max_rev>::
-	Specify a maximum revision number to pull.
-+
-Formerly, this option controlled how many revisions to pull,
-due to SVN memory leaks. (These have been worked around.)
-
--R <repack_each_revs>::
-	Specify how often git repository should be repacked.
-+
-The default value is 1000. git-svnimport will do imports in chunks of 1000
-revisions, after each chunk the git repository will be repacked. To disable
-this behavior specify some large value here which is greater than the number of
-revisions to import.
-
--P <path_from_trunk>::
-	Partial import of the SVN tree.
-+
-By default, the whole tree on the SVN trunk (/trunk) is imported.
-'-P my/proj' will import starting only from '/trunk/my/proj'.
-This option is useful when you want to import one project from a
-svn repo which hosts multiple projects under the same trunk.
-
--v::
-	Verbosity: let 'svnimport' report what it is doing.
-
--d::
-	Use direct HTTP requests if possible. The "<path>" argument is used
-	only for retrieving the SVN logs; the path to the contents is
-	included in the SVN log.
-
--D::
-	Use direct HTTP requests if possible. The "<path>" argument is used
-	for retrieving the logs, as well as for the contents.
-+
-There's no safe way to automatically find out which of these options to
-use, so you need to try both. Usually, the one that's wrong will die
-with a 40x error pretty quickly.
-
-<SVN_repository_URL>::
-	The URL of the SVN module you want to import. For local
-	repositories, use "file:///absolute/path".
-+
-If you're using the "-d" or "-D" option, this is the URL of the SVN
-repository itself; it usually ends in "/svn".
-
-<path>::
-	The path to the module you want to check out.
-
--h::
-	Print a short usage message and exit.
-
-OUTPUT
-------
-If '-v' is specified, the script reports what it is doing.
-
-Otherwise, success is indicated the Unix way, i.e. by simply exiting with
-a zero exit status.
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Matthias Urlichs <smurf@smurf.noris.de>, with help from
-various participants of the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
-Based on a cvs2git script by the same author.
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Matthias Urlichs <smurf@smurf.noris.de>.
-
-GIT
----
-Part of the linkgit:git[7] suite
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-tag.sh b/contrib/examples/git-tag.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 1bd8f3c58d..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-tag.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,205 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-# Copyright (c) 2005 Linus Torvalds
-
-USAGE='[-n [<num>]] -l [<pattern>] | [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f | -d | -v] [-m <msg>] <tagname> [<head>]'
-SUBDIRECTORY_OK='Yes'
-. git-sh-setup
-
-message_given=
-annotate=
-signed=
-force=
-message=
-username=
-list=
-verify=
-LINES=0
-while test $# != 0
-do
-    case "$1" in
-    -a)
-	annotate=1
-	shift
-	;;
-    -s)
-	annotate=1
-	signed=1
-	shift
-	;;
-    -f)
-	force=1
-	shift
-	;;
-    -n)
-        case "$#,$2" in
-	1,* | *,-*)
-		LINES=1 	# no argument
-		;;
-	*)	shift
-		LINES=$(expr "$1" : '\([0-9]*\)')
-		[ -z "$LINES" ] && LINES=1 # 1 line is default when -n is used
-		;;
-	esac
-	shift
-	;;
-    -l)
-	list=1
-	shift
-	case $# in
-	0)	PATTERN=
-		;;
-	*)
-		PATTERN="$1"	# select tags by shell pattern, not re
-		shift
-		;;
-	esac
-	git rev-parse --symbolic --tags | sort |
-	    while read TAG
-	    do
-	        case "$TAG" in
-		*$PATTERN*) ;;
-		*)	    continue ;;
-		esac
-		[ "$LINES" -le 0 ] && { echo "$TAG"; continue ;}
-		OBJTYPE=$(git cat-file -t "$TAG")
-		case $OBJTYPE in
-		tag)
-			ANNOTATION=$(git cat-file tag "$TAG" |
-				sed -e '1,/^$/d' |
-				sed -n -e "
-					/^-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----\$/q
-					2,\$s/^/    /
-					p
-					${LINES}q
-				")
-			printf "%-15s %s\n" "$TAG" "$ANNOTATION"
-			;;
-		*)      echo "$TAG"
-			;;
-		esac
-	    done
-	;;
-    -m)
-	annotate=1
-	shift
-	message="$1"
-	if test "$#" = "0"; then
-	    die "error: option -m needs an argument"
-	else
-	    message="$1"
-	    message_given=1
-	    shift
-	fi
-	;;
-    -F)
-	annotate=1
-	shift
-	if test "$#" = "0"; then
-	    die "error: option -F needs an argument"
-	else
-	    message="$(cat "$1")"
-	    message_given=1
-	    shift
-	fi
-	;;
-    -u)
-	annotate=1
-	signed=1
-	shift
-	if test "$#" = "0"; then
-	    die "error: option -u needs an argument"
-	else
-	    username="$1"
-	    shift
-	fi
-	;;
-    -d)
-	shift
-	had_error=0
-	for tag
-	do
-		cur=$(git show-ref --verify --hash -- "refs/tags/$tag") || {
-			echo >&2 "Seriously, what tag are you talking about?"
-			had_error=1
-			continue
-		}
-		git update-ref -m 'tag: delete' -d "refs/tags/$tag" "$cur" || {
-			had_error=1
-			continue
-		}
-		echo "Deleted tag $tag."
-	done
-	exit $had_error
-	;;
-    -v)
-	shift
-	tag_name="$1"
-	tag=$(git show-ref --verify --hash -- "refs/tags/$tag_name") ||
-		die "Seriously, what tag are you talking about?"
-	git-verify-tag -v "$tag"
-	exit $?
-	;;
-    -*)
-        usage
-	;;
-    *)
-	break
-	;;
-    esac
-done
-
-[ -n "$list" ] && exit 0
-
-name="$1"
-[ "$name" ] || usage
-prev=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
-if git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/tags/$name"
-then
-    test -n "$force" || die "tag '$name' already exists"
-    prev=$(git rev-parse "refs/tags/$name")
-fi
-shift
-git check-ref-format "tags/$name" ||
-	die "we do not like '$name' as a tag name."
-
-object=$(git rev-parse --verify --default HEAD "$@") || exit 1
-type=$(git cat-file -t $object) || exit 1
-tagger=$(git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT) || exit 1
-
-test -n "$username" ||
-	username=$(git config user.signingkey) ||
-	username=$(expr "z$tagger" : 'z\(.*>\)')
-
-trap 'rm -f "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_TMP* "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_FINALMSG "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_EDITMSG' 0
-
-if [ "$annotate" ]; then
-    if [ -z "$message_given" ]; then
-        ( echo "#"
-          echo "# Write a tag message"
-          echo "#" ) > "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_EDITMSG
-        git_editor "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_EDITMSG || exit
-    else
-        printf '%s\n' "$message" >"$GIT_DIR"/TAG_EDITMSG
-    fi
-
-    grep -v '^#' <"$GIT_DIR"/TAG_EDITMSG |
-    git stripspace >"$GIT_DIR"/TAG_FINALMSG
-
-    [ -s "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_FINALMSG -o -n "$message_given" ] || {
-	echo >&2 "No tag message?"
-	exit 1
-    }
-
-    ( printf 'object %s\ntype %s\ntag %s\ntagger %s\n\n' \
-	"$object" "$type" "$name" "$tagger";
-      cat "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_FINALMSG ) >"$GIT_DIR"/TAG_TMP
-    rm -f "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_TMP.asc "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_FINALMSG
-    if [ "$signed" ]; then
-	gpg -bsa -u "$username" "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_TMP &&
-	cat "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_TMP.asc >>"$GIT_DIR"/TAG_TMP ||
-	die "failed to sign the tag with GPG."
-    fi
-    object=$(git-mktag < "$GIT_DIR"/TAG_TMP)
-fi
-
-git update-ref "refs/tags/$name" "$object" "$prev"
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-verify-tag.sh b/contrib/examples/git-verify-tag.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 0902a5c21a..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-verify-tag.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-USAGE='<tag>'
-SUBDIRECTORY_OK='Yes'
-. git-sh-setup
-
-verbose=
-while test $# != 0
-do
-	case "$1" in
-	-v|--v|--ve|--ver|--verb|--verbo|--verbos|--verbose)
-		verbose=t ;;
-	*)
-		break ;;
-	esac
-	shift
-done
-
-if [ "$#" != "1" ]
-then
-	usage
-fi
-
-type="$(git cat-file -t "$1" 2>/dev/null)" ||
-	die "$1: no such object."
-
-test "$type" = tag ||
-	die "$1: cannot verify a non-tag object of type $type."
-
-case "$verbose" in
-t)
-	git cat-file -p "$1" |
-	sed -n -e '/^-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----/q' -e p
-	;;
-esac
-
-trap 'rm -f "$GIT_DIR/.tmp-vtag"' 0
-
-git cat-file tag "$1" >"$GIT_DIR/.tmp-vtag" || exit 1
-sed -n -e '
-	/^-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----$/q
-	p
-' <"$GIT_DIR/.tmp-vtag" |
-gpg --verify "$GIT_DIR/.tmp-vtag" - || exit 1
-rm -f "$GIT_DIR/.tmp-vtag"
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-whatchanged.sh b/contrib/examples/git-whatchanged.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 2edbdc6d99..0000000000
--- a/contrib/examples/git-whatchanged.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-USAGE='[-p] [--max-count=<n>] [<since>..<limit>] [--pretty=<format>] [-m] [git-diff-tree options] [git-rev-list options]'
-SUBDIRECTORY_OK='Yes'
-. git-sh-setup
-
-diff_tree_flags=$(git-rev-parse --sq --no-revs --flags "$@") || exit
-case "$0" in
-*whatchanged)
-	count=
-	test -z "$diff_tree_flags" &&
-		diff_tree_flags=$(git config --get whatchanged.difftree)
-	diff_tree_default_flags='-c -M --abbrev' ;;
-*show)
-	count=-n1
-	test -z "$diff_tree_flags" &&
-		diff_tree_flags=$(git config --get show.difftree)
-	diff_tree_default_flags='--cc --always' ;;
-esac
-test -z "$diff_tree_flags" &&
-	diff_tree_flags="$diff_tree_default_flags"
-
-rev_list_args=$(git-rev-parse --sq --default HEAD --revs-only "$@") &&
-diff_tree_args=$(git-rev-parse --sq --no-revs --no-flags "$@") &&
-
-eval "git-rev-list $count $rev_list_args" |
-eval "git-diff-tree --stdin --pretty -r $diff_tree_flags $diff_tree_args" |
-LESS="$LESS -S" ${PAGER:-less}
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/import-directories.perl b/contrib/fast-import/import-directories.perl
index 4dec1f18e4..a16f79cfdc 100755
--- a/contrib/fast-import/import-directories.perl
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/import-directories.perl
@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@
 # GNU General Public License for more details.
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-# Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+# along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/import-tars.perl b/contrib/fast-import/import-tars.perl
index 95438e1ed4..e800d9f5c9 100755
--- a/contrib/fast-import/import-tars.perl
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/import-tars.perl
@@ -63,6 +63,8 @@ foreach my $tar_file (@ARGV)
 	my $have_top_dir = 1;
 	my ($top_dir, %files);
 
+	my $next_path = '';
+
 	while (read(I, $_, 512) == 512) {
 		my ($name, $mode, $uid, $gid, $size, $mtime,
 			$chksum, $typeflag, $linkname, $magic,
@@ -70,6 +72,13 @@ foreach my $tar_file (@ARGV)
 			$prefix) = unpack 'Z100 Z8 Z8 Z8 Z12 Z12
 			Z8 Z1 Z100 Z6
 			Z2 Z32 Z32 Z8 Z8 Z*', $_;
+
+		unless ($next_path eq '') {
+			# Recover name from previous extended header
+			$name = $next_path;
+			$next_path = '';
+		}
+
 		last unless length($name);
 		if ($name eq '././@LongLink') {
 			# GNU tar extension
@@ -90,24 +99,45 @@ foreach my $tar_file (@ARGV)
 			Z8 Z1 Z100 Z6
 			Z2 Z32 Z32 Z8 Z8 Z*', $_;
 		}
-		next if $name =~ m{/\z};
 		$mode = oct $mode;
 		$size = oct $size;
 		$mtime = oct $mtime;
 		next if $typeflag == 5; # directory
 
-		print FI "blob\n", "mark :$next_mark\n";
-		if ($typeflag == 2) { # symbolic link
-			print FI "data ", length($linkname), "\n", $linkname;
-			$mode = 0120000;
-		} else {
-			print FI "data $size\n";
+		if ($typeflag eq 'x') { # extended header
+			# If extended header, check for path
+			my $pax_header = '';
 			while ($size > 0 && read(I, $_, 512) == 512) {
-				print FI substr($_, 0, $size);
+				$pax_header = $pax_header . substr($_, 0, $size);
 				$size -= 512;
 			}
+
+			my @lines = split /\n/, $pax_header;
+			foreach my $line (@lines) {
+				my ($len, $entry) = split / /, $line;
+				my ($key, $value) = split /=/, $entry;
+				if ($key eq 'path') {
+					$next_path = $value;
+				}
+			}
+			next;
+		} elsif ($name =~ m{/\z}) { # directory
+			next;
+		} elsif ($typeflag != 1) { # handle hard links later
+			print FI "blob\n", "mark :$next_mark\n";
+			if ($typeflag == 2) { # symbolic link
+				print FI "data ", length($linkname), "\n",
+					$linkname;
+				$mode = 0120000;
+			} else {
+				print FI "data $size\n";
+				while ($size > 0 && read(I, $_, 512) == 512) {
+					print FI substr($_, 0, $size);
+					$size -= 512;
+				}
+			}
+			print FI "\n";
 		}
-		print FI "\n";
 
 		my $path;
 		if ($prefix) {
@@ -115,7 +145,13 @@ foreach my $tar_file (@ARGV)
 		} else {
 			$path = "$name";
 		}
-		$files{$path} = [$next_mark++, $mode];
+
+		if ($typeflag == 1) { # hard link
+			$linkname = "$prefix/$linkname" if $prefix;
+			$files{$path} = [ $files{$linkname}->[0], $mode ];
+		} else {
+			$files{$path} = [$next_mark++, $mode];
+		}
 
 		$author_time = $mtime if $mtime > $author_time;
 		$path =~ m,^([^/]+)/,;
diff --git a/contrib/git-jump/README b/contrib/git-jump/README
index 1cebc328cb..2f618a7f97 100644
--- a/contrib/git-jump/README
+++ b/contrib/git-jump/README
@@ -25,17 +25,27 @@ git-jump will feed this to the editor:
 foo.c:2: printf("hello word!\n");
 -----------------------------------
 
+Or, when running 'git jump grep', column numbers will also be emitted,
+e.g. `git jump grep "hello"` would return:
+
+-----------------------------------
+foo.c:2:9: printf("hello word!\n");
+-----------------------------------
+
 Obviously this trivial case isn't that interesting; you could just open
 `foo.c` yourself. But when you have many changes scattered across a
 project, you can use the editor's support to "jump" from point to point.
 
-Git-jump can generate three types of interesting lists:
+Git-jump can generate four types of interesting lists:
 
   1. The beginning of any diff hunks.
 
   2. The beginning of any merge conflict markers.
 
-  3. Any grep matches.
+  3. Any grep matches, including the column of the first match on a
+     line.
+
+  4. Any whitespace errors detected by `git diff --check`.
 
 
 Using git-jump
@@ -61,6 +71,9 @@ git jump grep foo_bar
 # same as above, but case-insensitive; you can give
 # arbitrary grep options
 git jump grep -i foo_bar
+
+# use the silver searcher for git jump grep
+git config jump.grepCmd "ag --column"
 --------------------------------------------------
 
 
@@ -77,16 +90,23 @@ which does something similar to `git jump grep`. However, it is limited
 to positioning the cursor to the correct line in only the first file,
 leaving you to locate subsequent hits in that file or other files using
 the editor or pager. By contrast, git-jump provides the editor with a
-complete list of files and line numbers for each match.
+complete list of files, lines, and a column number for each match.
 
 
 Limitations
 -----------
 
-This scripts was written and tested with vim. Given that the quickfix
+This script was written and tested with vim. Given that the quickfix
 format is the same as what gcc produces, I expect emacs users have a
 similar feature for iterating through the list, but I know nothing about
 how to activate it.
 
 The shell snippets to generate the quickfix lines will almost certainly
 choke on filenames with exotic characters (like newlines).
+
+Contributing
+------------
+
+Bug fixes, bug reports, and feature requests should be discussed on the
+Git mailing list <git@vger.kernel.org>, and cc'd to the git-jump
+maintainer, Jeff King <peff@peff.net>.
diff --git a/contrib/git-jump/git-jump b/contrib/git-jump/git-jump
index dc90cd6379..931b0fe3a9 100755
--- a/contrib/git-jump/git-jump
+++ b/contrib/git-jump/git-jump
@@ -11,7 +11,10 @@ diff: elements are diff hunks. Arguments are given to diff.
 
 merge: elements are merge conflicts. Arguments are ignored.
 
-grep: elements are grep hits. Arguments are given to grep.
+grep: elements are grep hits. Arguments are given to git grep or, if
+      configured, to the command in `jump.grepCmd`.
+
+ws: elements are whitespace errors. Arguments are given to diff --check.
 EOF
 }
 
@@ -25,7 +28,7 @@ mode_diff() {
 	perl -ne '
 	if (m{^\+\+\+ (.*)}) { $file = $1; next }
 	defined($file) or next;
-	if (m/^@@ .*\+(\d+)/) { $line = $1; next }
+	if (m/^@@ .*?\+(\d+)/) { $line = $1; next }
 	defined($line) or next;
 	if (/^ /) { $line++; next }
 	if (/^[-+]\s*(.*)/) {
@@ -48,13 +51,19 @@ mode_merge() {
 # but let's clean up extra whitespace, so they look better if the
 # editor shows them to us in the status bar.
 mode_grep() {
-	git grep -n "$@" |
+	cmd=$(git config jump.grepCmd)
+	test -n "$cmd" || cmd="git grep -n --column"
+	$cmd "$@" |
 	perl -pe '
 	s/[ \t]+/ /g;
 	s/^ *//;
 	'
 }
 
+mode_ws() {
+	git diff --check "$@"
+}
+
 if test $# -lt 1; then
 	usage >&2
 	exit 1
diff --git a/contrib/git-resurrect.sh b/contrib/git-resurrect.sh
index d7e97bbc76..8c171dd959 100755
--- a/contrib/git-resurrect.sh
+++ b/contrib/git-resurrect.sh
@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@ n,dry-run            don't recreate the branch"
 . git-sh-setup
 
 search_reflog () {
-        sed -ne 's~^\([^ ]*\) .*\tcheckout: moving from '"$1"' .*~\1~p' \
+	sed -ne 's~^\([^ ]*\) .*	checkout: moving from '"$1"' .*~\1~p' \
                 < "$GIT_DIR"/logs/HEAD
 }
 
 search_reflog_merges () {
 	git rev-parse $(
-		sed -ne 's~^[^ ]* \([^ ]*\) .*\tmerge '"$1"':.*~\1^2~p' \
+		sed -ne 's~^[^ ]* \([^ ]*\) .*	merge '"$1"':.*~\1^2~p' \
 			< "$GIT_DIR"/logs/HEAD
 	)
 }
diff --git a/contrib/gitview/gitview b/contrib/gitview/gitview
deleted file mode 100755
index 4e23c650fe..0000000000
--- a/contrib/gitview/gitview
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1305 +0,0 @@
-#! /usr/bin/env python
-
-# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-
-""" gitview
-GUI browser for git repository
-This program is based on bzrk by Scott James Remnant <scott@ubuntu.com>
-"""
-__copyright__ = "Copyright (C) 2006 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P."
-__copyright__ = "Copyright (C) 2007 Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@gmail.com"
-__author__    = "Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@gmail.com>"
-
-
-import sys
-import os
-import gtk
-import pygtk
-import pango
-import re
-import time
-import gobject
-import cairo
-import math
-import string
-import fcntl
-
-have_gtksourceview2 = False
-have_gtksourceview = False
-try:
-    import gtksourceview2
-    have_gtksourceview2 = True
-except ImportError:
-    try:
-        import gtksourceview
-        have_gtksourceview = True
-    except ImportError:
-        print "Running without gtksourceview2 or gtksourceview module"
-
-re_ident = re.compile('(author|committer) (?P<ident>.*) (?P<epoch>\d+) (?P<tz>[+-]\d{4})')
-
-def list_to_string(args, skip):
-	count = len(args)
-	i = skip
-	str_arg=" "
-	while (i < count ):
-		str_arg = str_arg + args[i]
-		str_arg = str_arg + " "
-		i = i+1
-
-	return str_arg
-
-def show_date(epoch, tz):
-	secs = float(epoch)
-	tzsecs = float(tz[1:3]) * 3600
-	tzsecs += float(tz[3:5]) * 60
-	if (tz[0] == "+"):
-		secs += tzsecs
-	else:
-		secs -= tzsecs
-
-	return time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(secs))
-
-def get_source_buffer_and_view():
-	if have_gtksourceview2:
-		buffer = gtksourceview2.Buffer()
-		slm = gtksourceview2.LanguageManager()
-		gsl = slm.get_language("diff")
-		buffer.set_highlight_syntax(True)
-		buffer.set_language(gsl)
-		view = gtksourceview2.View(buffer)
-	elif have_gtksourceview:
-		buffer = gtksourceview.SourceBuffer()
-		slm = gtksourceview.SourceLanguagesManager()
-		gsl = slm.get_language_from_mime_type("text/x-patch")
-		buffer.set_highlight(True)
-		buffer.set_language(gsl)
-		view = gtksourceview.SourceView(buffer)
-	else:
-		buffer = gtk.TextBuffer()
-		view = gtk.TextView(buffer)
-	return (buffer, view)
-
-
-class CellRendererGraph(gtk.GenericCellRenderer):
-	"""Cell renderer for directed graph.
-
-	This module contains the implementation of a custom GtkCellRenderer that
-	draws part of the directed graph based on the lines suggested by the code
-	in graph.py.
-
-	Because we're shiny, we use Cairo to do this, and because we're naughty
-	we cheat and draw over the bits of the TreeViewColumn that are supposed to
-	just be for the background.
-
-	Properties:
-	node              (column, colour, [ names ]) tuple to draw revision node,
-	in_lines          (start, end, colour) tuple list to draw inward lines,
-	out_lines         (start, end, colour) tuple list to draw outward lines.
-	"""
-
-	__gproperties__ = {
-	"node":         ( gobject.TYPE_PYOBJECT, "node",
-			  "revision node instruction",
-			  gobject.PARAM_WRITABLE
-			),
-	"in-lines":     ( gobject.TYPE_PYOBJECT, "in-lines",
-			  "instructions to draw lines into the cell",
-			  gobject.PARAM_WRITABLE
-			),
-	"out-lines":    ( gobject.TYPE_PYOBJECT, "out-lines",
-			  "instructions to draw lines out of the cell",
-			  gobject.PARAM_WRITABLE
-			),
-	}
-
-	def do_set_property(self, property, value):
-		"""Set properties from GObject properties."""
-		if property.name == "node":
-			self.node = value
-		elif property.name == "in-lines":
-			self.in_lines = value
-		elif property.name == "out-lines":
-			self.out_lines = value
-		else:
-			raise AttributeError, "no such property: '%s'" % property.name
-
-	def box_size(self, widget):
-		"""Calculate box size based on widget's font.
-
-		Cache this as it's probably expensive to get.  It ensures that we
-		draw the graph at least as large as the text.
-		"""
-		try:
-			return self._box_size
-		except AttributeError:
-			pango_ctx = widget.get_pango_context()
-			font_desc = widget.get_style().font_desc
-			metrics = pango_ctx.get_metrics(font_desc)
-
-			ascent = pango.PIXELS(metrics.get_ascent())
-			descent = pango.PIXELS(metrics.get_descent())
-
-			self._box_size = ascent + descent + 6
-			return self._box_size
-
-	def set_colour(self, ctx, colour, bg, fg):
-		"""Set the context source colour.
-
-		Picks a distinct colour based on an internal wheel; the bg
-		parameter provides the value that should be assigned to the 'zero'
-		colours and the fg parameter provides the multiplier that should be
-		applied to the foreground colours.
-		"""
-		colours = [
-		    ( 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 ),
-		    ( 1.0, 1.0, 0.0 ),
-		    ( 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 ),
-		    ( 0.0, 1.0, 1.0 ),
-		    ( 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 ),
-		    ( 1.0, 0.0, 1.0 ),
-		    ]
-
-		colour %= len(colours)
-		red   = (colours[colour][0] * fg) or bg
-		green = (colours[colour][1] * fg) or bg
-		blue  = (colours[colour][2] * fg) or bg
-
-		ctx.set_source_rgb(red, green, blue)
-
-	def on_get_size(self, widget, cell_area):
-		"""Return the size we need for this cell.
-
-		Each cell is drawn individually and is only as wide as it needs
-		to be, we let the TreeViewColumn take care of making them all
-		line up.
-		"""
-		box_size = self.box_size(widget)
-
-		cols = self.node[0]
-		for start, end, colour in self.in_lines + self.out_lines:
-			cols = int(max(cols, start, end))
-
-		(column, colour, names) = self.node
-		names_len = 0
-		if (len(names) != 0):
-			for item in names:
-				names_len += len(item)
-
-		width = box_size * (cols + 1 ) + names_len
-		height = box_size
-
-		# FIXME I have no idea how to use cell_area properly
-		return (0, 0, width, height)
-
-	def on_render(self, window, widget, bg_area, cell_area, exp_area, flags):
-		"""Render an individual cell.
-
-		Draws the cell contents using cairo, taking care to clip what we
-		do to within the background area so we don't draw over other cells.
-		Note that we're a bit naughty there and should really be drawing
-		in the cell_area (or even the exposed area), but we explicitly don't
-		want any gutter.
-
-		We try and be a little clever, if the line we need to draw is going
-		to cross other columns we actually draw it as in the .---' style
-		instead of a pure diagonal ... this reduces confusion by an
-		incredible amount.
-		"""
-		ctx = window.cairo_create()
-		ctx.rectangle(bg_area.x, bg_area.y, bg_area.width, bg_area.height)
-		ctx.clip()
-
-		box_size = self.box_size(widget)
-
-		ctx.set_line_width(box_size / 8)
-		ctx.set_line_cap(cairo.LINE_CAP_SQUARE)
-
-		# Draw lines into the cell
-		for start, end, colour in self.in_lines:
-			ctx.move_to(cell_area.x + box_size * start + box_size / 2,
-					bg_area.y - bg_area.height / 2)
-
-			if start - end > 1:
-				ctx.line_to(cell_area.x + box_size * start, bg_area.y)
-				ctx.line_to(cell_area.x + box_size * end + box_size, bg_area.y)
-			elif start - end < -1:
-				ctx.line_to(cell_area.x + box_size * start + box_size,
-						bg_area.y)
-				ctx.line_to(cell_area.x + box_size * end, bg_area.y)
-
-			ctx.line_to(cell_area.x + box_size * end + box_size / 2,
-					bg_area.y + bg_area.height / 2)
-
-			self.set_colour(ctx, colour, 0.0, 0.65)
-			ctx.stroke()
-
-		# Draw lines out of the cell
-		for start, end, colour in self.out_lines:
-			ctx.move_to(cell_area.x + box_size * start + box_size / 2,
-					bg_area.y + bg_area.height / 2)
-
-			if start - end > 1:
-				ctx.line_to(cell_area.x + box_size * start,
-						bg_area.y + bg_area.height)
-				ctx.line_to(cell_area.x + box_size * end + box_size,
-						bg_area.y + bg_area.height)
-			elif start - end < -1:
-				ctx.line_to(cell_area.x + box_size * start + box_size,
-						bg_area.y + bg_area.height)
-				ctx.line_to(cell_area.x + box_size * end,
-						bg_area.y + bg_area.height)
-
-			ctx.line_to(cell_area.x + box_size * end + box_size / 2,
-					bg_area.y + bg_area.height / 2 + bg_area.height)
-
-			self.set_colour(ctx, colour, 0.0, 0.65)
-			ctx.stroke()
-
-		# Draw the revision node in the right column
-		(column, colour, names) = self.node
-		ctx.arc(cell_area.x + box_size * column + box_size / 2,
-				cell_area.y + cell_area.height / 2,
-				box_size / 4, 0, 2 * math.pi)
-
-
-		self.set_colour(ctx, colour, 0.0, 0.5)
-		ctx.stroke_preserve()
-
-		self.set_colour(ctx, colour, 0.5, 1.0)
-		ctx.fill_preserve()
-
-		if (len(names) != 0):
-			name = " "
-			for item in names:
-				name = name + item + " "
-
-			ctx.set_font_size(13)
-			if (flags & 1):
-				self.set_colour(ctx, colour, 0.5, 1.0)
-			else:
-				self.set_colour(ctx, colour, 0.0, 0.5)
-			ctx.show_text(name)
-
-class Commit(object):
-	""" This represent a commit object obtained after parsing the git-rev-list
-	output """
-
-	__slots__ = ['children_sha1', 'message', 'author', 'date', 'committer',
-				 'commit_date', 'commit_sha1', 'parent_sha1']
-
-	children_sha1 = {}
-
-	def __init__(self, commit_lines):
-		self.message		= ""
-		self.author		= ""
-		self.date		= ""
-		self.committer		= ""
-		self.commit_date	= ""
-		self.commit_sha1	= ""
-		self.parent_sha1	= [ ]
-		self.parse_commit(commit_lines)
-
-
-	def parse_commit(self, commit_lines):
-
-		# First line is the sha1 lines
-		line = string.strip(commit_lines[0])
-		sha1 = re.split(" ", line)
-		self.commit_sha1 = sha1[0]
-		self.parent_sha1 = sha1[1:]
-
-		#build the child list
-		for parent_id in self.parent_sha1:
-			try:
-				Commit.children_sha1[parent_id].append(self.commit_sha1)
-			except KeyError:
-				Commit.children_sha1[parent_id] = [self.commit_sha1]
-
-		# IF we don't have parent
-		if (len(self.parent_sha1) == 0):
-			self.parent_sha1 = [0]
-
-		for line in commit_lines[1:]:
-			m = re.match("^ ", line)
-			if (m != None):
-				# First line of the commit message used for short log
-				if self.message == "":
-					self.message = string.strip(line)
-				continue
-
-			m = re.match("tree", line)
-			if (m != None):
-				continue
-
-			m = re.match("parent", line)
-			if (m != None):
-				continue
-
-			m = re_ident.match(line)
-			if (m != None):
-				date = show_date(m.group('epoch'), m.group('tz'))
-				if m.group(1) == "author":
-					self.author = m.group('ident')
-					self.date = date
-				elif m.group(1) == "committer":
-					self.committer = m.group('ident')
-					self.commit_date = date
-
-				continue
-
-	def get_message(self, with_diff=0):
-		if (with_diff == 1):
-			message = self.diff_tree()
-		else:
-			fp = os.popen("git cat-file commit " + self.commit_sha1)
-			message = fp.read()
-			fp.close()
-
-		return message
-
-	def diff_tree(self):
-		fp = os.popen("git diff-tree --pretty --cc  -v -p --always " +  self.commit_sha1)
-		diff = fp.read()
-		fp.close()
-		return diff
-
-class AnnotateWindow(object):
-	"""Annotate window.
-	This object represents and manages a single window containing the
-	annotate information of the file
-	"""
-
-	def __init__(self):
-		self.window = gtk.Window(gtk.WINDOW_TOPLEVEL)
-		self.window.set_border_width(0)
-		self.window.set_title("Git repository browser annotation window")
-		self.prev_read = ""
-
-		# Use two thirds of the screen by default
-		screen = self.window.get_screen()
-		monitor = screen.get_monitor_geometry(0)
-		width = int(monitor.width * 0.66)
-		height = int(monitor.height * 0.66)
-		self.window.set_default_size(width, height)
-
-	def add_file_data(self, filename, commit_sha1, line_num):
-		fp = os.popen("git cat-file blob " + commit_sha1 +":"+filename)
-		i = 1;
-		for line in fp.readlines():
-			line = string.rstrip(line)
-			self.model.append(None, ["HEAD", filename, line, i])
-			i = i+1
-		fp.close()
-
-		# now set the cursor position
-		self.treeview.set_cursor(line_num-1)
-		self.treeview.grab_focus()
-
-	def _treeview_cursor_cb(self, *args):
-		"""Callback for when the treeview cursor changes."""
-		(path, col) = self.treeview.get_cursor()
-		commit_sha1 = self.model[path][0]
-		commit_msg = ""
-		fp = os.popen("git cat-file commit " + commit_sha1)
-		for line in fp.readlines():
-			commit_msg =  commit_msg + line
-		fp.close()
-
-		self.commit_buffer.set_text(commit_msg)
-
-	def _treeview_row_activated(self, *args):
-		"""Callback for when the treeview row gets selected."""
-		(path, col) = self.treeview.get_cursor()
-		commit_sha1 = self.model[path][0]
-		filename    = self.model[path][1]
-		line_num    = self.model[path][3]
-
-		window = AnnotateWindow();
-		fp = os.popen("git rev-parse "+ commit_sha1 + "~1")
-		commit_sha1 = string.strip(fp.readline())
-		fp.close()
-		window.annotate(filename, commit_sha1, line_num)
-
-	def data_ready(self, source, condition):
-		while (1):
-			try :
-				# A simple readline doesn't work
-				# a readline bug ??
-				buffer = source.read(100)
-
-			except:
-				# resource temporary not available
-				return True
-
-			if (len(buffer) == 0):
-				gobject.source_remove(self.io_watch_tag)
-				source.close()
-				return False
-
-			if (self.prev_read != ""):
-				buffer = self.prev_read + buffer
-				self.prev_read = ""
-
-			if (buffer[len(buffer) -1] != '\n'):
-				try:
-					newline_index = buffer.rindex("\n")
-				except ValueError:
-					newline_index = 0
-
-				self.prev_read = buffer[newline_index:(len(buffer))]
-				buffer = buffer[0:newline_index]
-
-			for buff in buffer.split("\n"):
-				annotate_line = re.compile('^([0-9a-f]{40}) (.+) (.+) (.+)$')
-				m = annotate_line.match(buff)
-				if not m:
-					annotate_line = re.compile('^(filename) (.+)$')
-					m = annotate_line.match(buff)
-					if not m:
-						continue
-					filename = m.group(2)
-				else:
-					self.commit_sha1 = m.group(1)
-					self.source_line = int(m.group(2))
-					self.result_line = int(m.group(3))
-					self.count	    = int(m.group(4))
-					#set the details only when we have the file name
-					continue
-
-				while (self.count > 0):
-					# set at result_line + count-1 the sha1 as commit_sha1
-					self.count = self.count - 1
-					iter = self.model.iter_nth_child(None, self.result_line + self.count-1)
-					self.model.set(iter, 0, self.commit_sha1, 1, filename, 3, self.source_line)
-
-
-	def annotate(self, filename, commit_sha1, line_num):
-		# verify the commit_sha1 specified has this filename
-
-		fp = os.popen("git ls-tree "+ commit_sha1 + " -- " + filename)
-		line = string.strip(fp.readline())
-		if line == '':
-			# pop up the message the file is not there as a part of the commit
-			fp.close()
-			dialog = gtk.MessageDialog(parent=None, flags=0,
-					type=gtk.MESSAGE_WARNING, buttons=gtk.BUTTONS_CLOSE,
-					message_format=None)
-			dialog.set_markup("The file %s is not present in the parent commit %s" % (filename, commit_sha1))
-			dialog.run()
-			dialog.destroy()
-			return
-
-		fp.close()
-
-		vpan = gtk.VPaned();
-		self.window.add(vpan);
-		vpan.show()
-
-		scrollwin = gtk.ScrolledWindow()
-		scrollwin.set_policy(gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC, gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC)
-		scrollwin.set_shadow_type(gtk.SHADOW_IN)
-		vpan.pack1(scrollwin, True, True);
-		scrollwin.show()
-
-		self.model = gtk.TreeStore(str, str, str, int)
-		self.treeview = gtk.TreeView(self.model)
-		self.treeview.set_rules_hint(True)
-		self.treeview.set_search_column(0)
-		self.treeview.connect("cursor-changed", self._treeview_cursor_cb)
-		self.treeview.connect("row-activated", self._treeview_row_activated)
-		scrollwin.add(self.treeview)
-		self.treeview.show()
-
-		cell = gtk.CellRendererText()
-		cell.set_property("width-chars", 10)
-		cell.set_property("ellipsize", pango.ELLIPSIZE_END)
-		column = gtk.TreeViewColumn("Commit")
-		column.set_resizable(True)
-		column.pack_start(cell, expand=True)
-		column.add_attribute(cell, "text", 0)
-		self.treeview.append_column(column)
-
-		cell = gtk.CellRendererText()
-		cell.set_property("width-chars", 20)
-		cell.set_property("ellipsize", pango.ELLIPSIZE_END)
-		column = gtk.TreeViewColumn("File Name")
-		column.set_resizable(True)
-		column.pack_start(cell, expand=True)
-		column.add_attribute(cell, "text", 1)
-		self.treeview.append_column(column)
-
-		cell = gtk.CellRendererText()
-		cell.set_property("width-chars", 20)
-		cell.set_property("ellipsize", pango.ELLIPSIZE_END)
-		column = gtk.TreeViewColumn("Data")
-		column.set_resizable(True)
-		column.pack_start(cell, expand=True)
-		column.add_attribute(cell, "text", 2)
-		self.treeview.append_column(column)
-
-		# The commit message window
-		scrollwin = gtk.ScrolledWindow()
-		scrollwin.set_policy(gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC, gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC)
-		scrollwin.set_shadow_type(gtk.SHADOW_IN)
-		vpan.pack2(scrollwin, True, True);
-		scrollwin.show()
-
-		commit_text = gtk.TextView()
-		self.commit_buffer = gtk.TextBuffer()
-		commit_text.set_buffer(self.commit_buffer)
-		scrollwin.add(commit_text)
-		commit_text.show()
-
-		self.window.show()
-
-		self.add_file_data(filename, commit_sha1, line_num)
-
-		fp = os.popen("git blame --incremental -C -C -- " + filename + " " + commit_sha1)
-		flags = fcntl.fcntl(fp.fileno(), fcntl.F_GETFL)
-		fcntl.fcntl(fp.fileno(), fcntl.F_SETFL, flags | os.O_NONBLOCK)
-		self.io_watch_tag = gobject.io_add_watch(fp, gobject.IO_IN, self.data_ready)
-
-
-class DiffWindow(object):
-	"""Diff window.
-	This object represents and manages a single window containing the
-	differences between two revisions on a branch.
-	"""
-
-	def __init__(self):
-		self.window = gtk.Window(gtk.WINDOW_TOPLEVEL)
-		self.window.set_border_width(0)
-		self.window.set_title("Git repository browser diff window")
-
-		# Use two thirds of the screen by default
-		screen = self.window.get_screen()
-		monitor = screen.get_monitor_geometry(0)
-		width = int(monitor.width * 0.66)
-		height = int(monitor.height * 0.66)
-		self.window.set_default_size(width, height)
-
-
-		self.construct()
-
-	def construct(self):
-		"""Construct the window contents."""
-		vbox = gtk.VBox()
-		self.window.add(vbox)
-		vbox.show()
-
-		menu_bar = gtk.MenuBar()
-		save_menu = gtk.ImageMenuItem(gtk.STOCK_SAVE)
-		save_menu.connect("activate", self.save_menu_response, "save")
-		save_menu.show()
-		menu_bar.append(save_menu)
-		vbox.pack_start(menu_bar, expand=False, fill=True)
-		menu_bar.show()
-
-		hpan = gtk.HPaned()
-
-		scrollwin = gtk.ScrolledWindow()
-		scrollwin.set_policy(gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC, gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC)
-		scrollwin.set_shadow_type(gtk.SHADOW_IN)
-		hpan.pack1(scrollwin, True, True)
-		scrollwin.show()
-
-		(self.buffer, sourceview) = get_source_buffer_and_view()
-
-		sourceview.set_editable(False)
-		sourceview.modify_font(pango.FontDescription("Monospace"))
-		scrollwin.add(sourceview)
-		sourceview.show()
-
-		# The file hierarchy: a scrollable treeview
-		scrollwin = gtk.ScrolledWindow()
-		scrollwin.set_policy(gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC, gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC)
-		scrollwin.set_shadow_type(gtk.SHADOW_IN)
-		scrollwin.set_size_request(20, -1)
-		hpan.pack2(scrollwin, True, True)
-		scrollwin.show()
-
-		self.model = gtk.TreeStore(str, str, str)
-		self.treeview = gtk.TreeView(self.model)
-		self.treeview.set_search_column(1)
-		self.treeview.connect("cursor-changed", self._treeview_clicked)
-		scrollwin.add(self.treeview)
-		self.treeview.show()
-
-		cell = gtk.CellRendererText()
-		cell.set_property("width-chars", 20)
-		column = gtk.TreeViewColumn("Select to annotate")
-		column.pack_start(cell, expand=True)
-		column.add_attribute(cell, "text", 0)
-		self.treeview.append_column(column)
-
-		vbox.pack_start(hpan, expand=True, fill=True)
-		hpan.show()
-
-	def _treeview_clicked(self, *args):
-		"""Callback for when the treeview cursor changes."""
-		(path, col) = self.treeview.get_cursor()
-		specific_file = self.model[path][1]
-		commit_sha1 =  self.model[path][2]
-		if specific_file ==  None :
-			return
-		elif specific_file ==  "" :
-			specific_file =  None
-
-		window = AnnotateWindow();
-		window.annotate(specific_file, commit_sha1, 1)
-
-
-	def commit_files(self, commit_sha1, parent_sha1):
-		self.model.clear()
-		add  = self.model.append(None, [ "Added", None, None])
-		dele = self.model.append(None, [ "Deleted", None, None])
-		mod  = self.model.append(None, [ "Modified", None, None])
-		diff_tree = re.compile('^(:.{6}) (.{6}) (.{40}) (.{40}) (A|D|M)\s(.+)$')
-		fp = os.popen("git diff-tree -r --no-commit-id " + parent_sha1 + " " + commit_sha1)
-		while 1:
-			line = string.strip(fp.readline())
-			if line == '':
-				break
-			m = diff_tree.match(line)
-			if not m:
-				continue
-
-			attr = m.group(5)
-			filename = m.group(6)
-			if attr == "A":
-				self.model.append(add,  [filename, filename, commit_sha1])
-			elif attr == "D":
-				self.model.append(dele, [filename, filename, commit_sha1])
-			elif attr == "M":
-				self.model.append(mod,  [filename, filename, commit_sha1])
-		fp.close()
-
-		self.treeview.expand_all()
-
-	def set_diff(self, commit_sha1, parent_sha1, encoding):
-		"""Set the differences showed by this window.
-		Compares the two trees and populates the window with the
-		differences.
-		"""
-		# Diff with the first commit or the last commit shows nothing
-		if (commit_sha1 == 0 or parent_sha1 == 0 ):
-			return
-
-		fp = os.popen("git diff-tree -p " + parent_sha1 + " " + commit_sha1)
-		self.buffer.set_text(unicode(fp.read(), encoding).encode('utf-8'))
-		fp.close()
-		self.commit_files(commit_sha1, parent_sha1)
-		self.window.show()
-
-	def save_menu_response(self, widget, string):
-		dialog = gtk.FileChooserDialog("Save..", None, gtk.FILE_CHOOSER_ACTION_SAVE,
-				(gtk.STOCK_CANCEL, gtk.RESPONSE_CANCEL,
-					gtk.STOCK_SAVE, gtk.RESPONSE_OK))
-		dialog.set_default_response(gtk.RESPONSE_OK)
-		response = dialog.run()
-		if response == gtk.RESPONSE_OK:
-			patch_buffer = self.buffer.get_text(self.buffer.get_start_iter(),
-					self.buffer.get_end_iter())
-			fp = open(dialog.get_filename(), "w")
-			fp.write(patch_buffer)
-			fp.close()
-		dialog.destroy()
-
-class GitView(object):
-	""" This is the main class
-	"""
-	version = "0.9"
-
-	def __init__(self, with_diff=0):
-		self.with_diff = with_diff
-		self.window =	gtk.Window(gtk.WINDOW_TOPLEVEL)
-		self.window.set_border_width(0)
-		self.window.set_title("Git repository browser")
-
-		self.get_encoding()
-		self.get_bt_sha1()
-
-		# Use three-quarters of the screen by default
-		screen = self.window.get_screen()
-		monitor = screen.get_monitor_geometry(0)
-		width = int(monitor.width * 0.75)
-		height = int(monitor.height * 0.75)
-		self.window.set_default_size(width, height)
-
-		# FIXME AndyFitz!
-		icon = self.window.render_icon(gtk.STOCK_INDEX, gtk.ICON_SIZE_BUTTON)
-		self.window.set_icon(icon)
-
-		self.accel_group = gtk.AccelGroup()
-		self.window.add_accel_group(self.accel_group)
-		self.accel_group.connect_group(0xffc2, 0, gtk.ACCEL_LOCKED, self.refresh);
-		self.accel_group.connect_group(0xffc1, 0, gtk.ACCEL_LOCKED, self.maximize);
-		self.accel_group.connect_group(0xffc8, 0, gtk.ACCEL_LOCKED, self.fullscreen);
-		self.accel_group.connect_group(0xffc9, 0, gtk.ACCEL_LOCKED, self.unfullscreen);
-
-		self.window.add(self.construct())
-
-	def refresh(self, widget, event=None, *arguments, **keywords):
-		self.get_encoding()
-		self.get_bt_sha1()
-		Commit.children_sha1 = {}
-		self.set_branch(sys.argv[without_diff:])
-		self.window.show()
-		return True
-
-	def maximize(self, widget, event=None, *arguments, **keywords):
-		self.window.maximize()
-		return True
-
-	def fullscreen(self, widget, event=None, *arguments, **keywords):
-		self.window.fullscreen()
-		return True
-
-	def unfullscreen(self, widget, event=None, *arguments, **keywords):
-		self.window.unfullscreen()
-		return True
-
-	def get_bt_sha1(self):
-		""" Update the bt_sha1 dictionary with the
-		respective sha1 details """
-
-		self.bt_sha1 = { }
-		ls_remote = re.compile('^(.{40})\trefs/([^^]+)(?:\\^(..))?$');
-		fp = os.popen('git ls-remote "${GIT_DIR-.git}"')
-		while 1:
-			line = string.strip(fp.readline())
-			if line == '':
-				break
-			m = ls_remote.match(line)
-			if not m:
-				continue
-			(sha1, name) = (m.group(1), m.group(2))
-			if not self.bt_sha1.has_key(sha1):
-				self.bt_sha1[sha1] = []
-			self.bt_sha1[sha1].append(name)
-		fp.close()
-
-	def get_encoding(self):
-		fp = os.popen("git config --get i18n.commitencoding")
-		self.encoding=string.strip(fp.readline())
-		fp.close()
-		if (self.encoding == ""):
-			self.encoding = "utf-8"
-
-
-	def construct(self):
-		"""Construct the window contents."""
-		vbox = gtk.VBox()
-		paned = gtk.VPaned()
-		paned.pack1(self.construct_top(), resize=False, shrink=True)
-		paned.pack2(self.construct_bottom(), resize=False, shrink=True)
-		menu_bar = gtk.MenuBar()
-		menu_bar.set_pack_direction(gtk.PACK_DIRECTION_RTL)
-		help_menu = gtk.MenuItem("Help")
-		menu = gtk.Menu()
-		about_menu = gtk.MenuItem("About")
-		menu.append(about_menu)
-		about_menu.connect("activate", self.about_menu_response, "about")
-		about_menu.show()
-		help_menu.set_submenu(menu)
-		help_menu.show()
-		menu_bar.append(help_menu)
-		menu_bar.show()
-		vbox.pack_start(menu_bar, expand=False, fill=True)
-		vbox.pack_start(paned, expand=True, fill=True)
-		paned.show()
-		vbox.show()
-		return vbox
-
-
-	def construct_top(self):
-		"""Construct the top-half of the window."""
-		vbox = gtk.VBox(spacing=6)
-		vbox.set_border_width(12)
-		vbox.show()
-
-
-		scrollwin = gtk.ScrolledWindow()
-		scrollwin.set_policy(gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC, gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC)
-		scrollwin.set_shadow_type(gtk.SHADOW_IN)
-		vbox.pack_start(scrollwin, expand=True, fill=True)
-		scrollwin.show()
-
-		self.treeview = gtk.TreeView()
-		self.treeview.set_rules_hint(True)
-		self.treeview.set_search_column(4)
-		self.treeview.connect("cursor-changed", self._treeview_cursor_cb)
-		scrollwin.add(self.treeview)
-		self.treeview.show()
-
-		cell = CellRendererGraph()
-		column = gtk.TreeViewColumn()
-		column.set_resizable(True)
-		column.pack_start(cell, expand=True)
-		column.add_attribute(cell, "node", 1)
-		column.add_attribute(cell, "in-lines", 2)
-		column.add_attribute(cell, "out-lines", 3)
-		self.treeview.append_column(column)
-
-		cell = gtk.CellRendererText()
-		cell.set_property("width-chars", 65)
-		cell.set_property("ellipsize", pango.ELLIPSIZE_END)
-		column = gtk.TreeViewColumn("Message")
-		column.set_resizable(True)
-		column.pack_start(cell, expand=True)
-		column.add_attribute(cell, "text", 4)
-		self.treeview.append_column(column)
-
-		cell = gtk.CellRendererText()
-		cell.set_property("width-chars", 40)
-		cell.set_property("ellipsize", pango.ELLIPSIZE_END)
-		column = gtk.TreeViewColumn("Author")
-		column.set_resizable(True)
-		column.pack_start(cell, expand=True)
-		column.add_attribute(cell, "text", 5)
-		self.treeview.append_column(column)
-
-		cell = gtk.CellRendererText()
-		cell.set_property("ellipsize", pango.ELLIPSIZE_END)
-		column = gtk.TreeViewColumn("Date")
-		column.set_resizable(True)
-		column.pack_start(cell, expand=True)
-		column.add_attribute(cell, "text", 6)
-		self.treeview.append_column(column)
-
-		return vbox
-
-	def about_menu_response(self, widget, string):
-		dialog = gtk.AboutDialog()
-		dialog.set_name("Gitview")
-		dialog.set_version(GitView.version)
-		dialog.set_authors(["Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@gmail.com>"])
-		dialog.set_website("http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/")
-		dialog.set_copyright("Use and distribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License")
-		dialog.set_wrap_license(True)
-		dialog.run()
-		dialog.destroy()
-
-
-	def construct_bottom(self):
-		"""Construct the bottom half of the window."""
-		vbox = gtk.VBox(False, spacing=6)
-		vbox.set_border_width(12)
-		(width, height) = self.window.get_size()
-		vbox.set_size_request(width, int(height / 2.5))
-		vbox.show()
-
-		self.table = gtk.Table(rows=4, columns=4)
-		self.table.set_row_spacings(6)
-		self.table.set_col_spacings(6)
-		vbox.pack_start(self.table, expand=False, fill=True)
-		self.table.show()
-
-		align = gtk.Alignment(0.0, 0.5)
-		label = gtk.Label()
-		label.set_markup("<b>Revision:</b>")
-		align.add(label)
-		self.table.attach(align, 0, 1, 0, 1, gtk.FILL, gtk.FILL)
-		label.show()
-		align.show()
-
-		align = gtk.Alignment(0.0, 0.5)
-		self.revid_label = gtk.Label()
-		self.revid_label.set_selectable(True)
-		align.add(self.revid_label)
-		self.table.attach(align, 1, 2, 0, 1, gtk.EXPAND | gtk.FILL, gtk.FILL)
-		self.revid_label.show()
-		align.show()
-
-		align = gtk.Alignment(0.0, 0.5)
-		label = gtk.Label()
-		label.set_markup("<b>Committer:</b>")
-		align.add(label)
-		self.table.attach(align, 0, 1, 1, 2, gtk.FILL, gtk.FILL)
-		label.show()
-		align.show()
-
-		align = gtk.Alignment(0.0, 0.5)
-		self.committer_label = gtk.Label()
-		self.committer_label.set_selectable(True)
-		align.add(self.committer_label)
-		self.table.attach(align, 1, 2, 1, 2, gtk.EXPAND | gtk.FILL, gtk.FILL)
-		self.committer_label.show()
-		align.show()
-
-		align = gtk.Alignment(0.0, 0.5)
-		label = gtk.Label()
-		label.set_markup("<b>Timestamp:</b>")
-		align.add(label)
-		self.table.attach(align, 0, 1, 2, 3, gtk.FILL, gtk.FILL)
-		label.show()
-		align.show()
-
-		align = gtk.Alignment(0.0, 0.5)
-		self.timestamp_label = gtk.Label()
-		self.timestamp_label.set_selectable(True)
-		align.add(self.timestamp_label)
-		self.table.attach(align, 1, 2, 2, 3, gtk.EXPAND | gtk.FILL, gtk.FILL)
-		self.timestamp_label.show()
-		align.show()
-
-		align = gtk.Alignment(0.0, 0.5)
-		label = gtk.Label()
-		label.set_markup("<b>Parents:</b>")
-		align.add(label)
-		self.table.attach(align, 0, 1, 3, 4, gtk.FILL, gtk.FILL)
-		label.show()
-		align.show()
-		self.parents_widgets = []
-
-		align = gtk.Alignment(0.0, 0.5)
-		label = gtk.Label()
-		label.set_markup("<b>Children:</b>")
-		align.add(label)
-		self.table.attach(align, 2, 3, 3, 4, gtk.FILL, gtk.FILL)
-		label.show()
-		align.show()
-		self.children_widgets = []
-
-		scrollwin = gtk.ScrolledWindow()
-		scrollwin.set_policy(gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC, gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC)
-		scrollwin.set_shadow_type(gtk.SHADOW_IN)
-		vbox.pack_start(scrollwin, expand=True, fill=True)
-		scrollwin.show()
-
-		(self.message_buffer, sourceview) = get_source_buffer_and_view()
-
-		sourceview.set_editable(False)
-		sourceview.modify_font(pango.FontDescription("Monospace"))
-		scrollwin.add(sourceview)
-		sourceview.show()
-
-		return vbox
-
-	def _treeview_cursor_cb(self, *args):
-		"""Callback for when the treeview cursor changes."""
-		(path, col) = self.treeview.get_cursor()
-		commit = self.model[path][0]
-
-		if commit.committer is not None:
-			committer = commit.committer
-			timestamp = commit.commit_date
-			message   =  commit.get_message(self.with_diff)
-			revid_label = commit.commit_sha1
-		else:
-			committer = ""
-			timestamp = ""
-			message = ""
-			revid_label = ""
-
-		self.revid_label.set_text(revid_label)
-		self.committer_label.set_text(committer)
-		self.timestamp_label.set_text(timestamp)
-		self.message_buffer.set_text(unicode(message, self.encoding).encode('utf-8'))
-
-		for widget in self.parents_widgets:
-			self.table.remove(widget)
-
-		self.parents_widgets = []
-		self.table.resize(4 + len(commit.parent_sha1) - 1, 4)
-		for idx, parent_id in enumerate(commit.parent_sha1):
-			self.table.set_row_spacing(idx + 3, 0)
-
-			align = gtk.Alignment(0.0, 0.0)
-			self.parents_widgets.append(align)
-			self.table.attach(align, 1, 2, idx + 3, idx + 4,
-					gtk.EXPAND | gtk.FILL, gtk.FILL)
-			align.show()
-
-			hbox = gtk.HBox(False, 0)
-			align.add(hbox)
-			hbox.show()
-
-			label = gtk.Label(parent_id)
-			label.set_selectable(True)
-			hbox.pack_start(label, expand=False, fill=True)
-			label.show()
-
-			image = gtk.Image()
-			image.set_from_stock(gtk.STOCK_JUMP_TO, gtk.ICON_SIZE_MENU)
-			image.show()
-
-			button = gtk.Button()
-			button.add(image)
-			button.set_relief(gtk.RELIEF_NONE)
-			button.connect("clicked", self._go_clicked_cb, parent_id)
-			hbox.pack_start(button, expand=False, fill=True)
-			button.show()
-
-			image = gtk.Image()
-			image.set_from_stock(gtk.STOCK_FIND, gtk.ICON_SIZE_MENU)
-			image.show()
-
-			button = gtk.Button()
-			button.add(image)
-			button.set_relief(gtk.RELIEF_NONE)
-			button.set_sensitive(True)
-			button.connect("clicked", self._show_clicked_cb,
-					commit.commit_sha1, parent_id, self.encoding)
-			hbox.pack_start(button, expand=False, fill=True)
-			button.show()
-
-		# Populate with child details
-		for widget in self.children_widgets:
-			self.table.remove(widget)
-
-		self.children_widgets = []
-		try:
-			child_sha1 = Commit.children_sha1[commit.commit_sha1]
-		except KeyError:
-			# We don't have child
-			child_sha1 = [ 0 ]
-
-		if ( len(child_sha1) > len(commit.parent_sha1)):
-			self.table.resize(4 + len(child_sha1) - 1, 4)
-
-		for idx, child_id in enumerate(child_sha1):
-			self.table.set_row_spacing(idx + 3, 0)
-
-			align = gtk.Alignment(0.0, 0.0)
-			self.children_widgets.append(align)
-			self.table.attach(align, 3, 4, idx + 3, idx + 4,
-					gtk.EXPAND | gtk.FILL, gtk.FILL)
-			align.show()
-
-			hbox = gtk.HBox(False, 0)
-			align.add(hbox)
-			hbox.show()
-
-			label = gtk.Label(child_id)
-			label.set_selectable(True)
-			hbox.pack_start(label, expand=False, fill=True)
-			label.show()
-
-			image = gtk.Image()
-			image.set_from_stock(gtk.STOCK_JUMP_TO, gtk.ICON_SIZE_MENU)
-			image.show()
-
-			button = gtk.Button()
-			button.add(image)
-			button.set_relief(gtk.RELIEF_NONE)
-			button.connect("clicked", self._go_clicked_cb, child_id)
-			hbox.pack_start(button, expand=False, fill=True)
-			button.show()
-
-			image = gtk.Image()
-			image.set_from_stock(gtk.STOCK_FIND, gtk.ICON_SIZE_MENU)
-			image.show()
-
-			button = gtk.Button()
-			button.add(image)
-			button.set_relief(gtk.RELIEF_NONE)
-			button.set_sensitive(True)
-			button.connect("clicked", self._show_clicked_cb,
-					child_id, commit.commit_sha1, self.encoding)
-			hbox.pack_start(button, expand=False, fill=True)
-			button.show()
-
-	def _destroy_cb(self, widget):
-		"""Callback for when a window we manage is destroyed."""
-		self.quit()
-
-
-	def quit(self):
-		"""Stop the GTK+ main loop."""
-		gtk.main_quit()
-
-	def run(self, args):
-		self.set_branch(args)
-		self.window.connect("destroy", self._destroy_cb)
-		self.window.show()
-		gtk.main()
-
-	def set_branch(self, args):
-		"""Fill in different windows with info from the reposiroty"""
-		fp = os.popen("git rev-parse --sq --default HEAD " + list_to_string(args, 1))
-		git_rev_list_cmd = fp.read()
-		fp.close()
-		fp = os.popen("git rev-list  --header --topo-order --parents " + git_rev_list_cmd)
-		self.update_window(fp)
-
-	def update_window(self, fp):
-		commit_lines = []
-
-		self.model = gtk.ListStore(gobject.TYPE_PYOBJECT, gobject.TYPE_PYOBJECT,
-				gobject.TYPE_PYOBJECT, gobject.TYPE_PYOBJECT, str, str, str)
-
-		# used for cursor positioning
-		self.index = {}
-
-		self.colours = {}
-		self.nodepos = {}
-		self.incomplete_line = {}
-		self.commits = []
-
-		index = 0
-		last_colour = 0
-		last_nodepos = -1
-		out_line = []
-		input_line = fp.readline()
-		while (input_line != ""):
-			# The commit header ends with '\0'
-			# This NULL is immediately followed by the sha1 of the
-			# next commit
-			if (input_line[0] != '\0'):
-				commit_lines.append(input_line)
-				input_line = fp.readline()
-				continue;
-
-			commit = Commit(commit_lines)
-			if (commit != None ):
-				self.commits.append(commit)
-
-			# Skip the '\0
-			commit_lines = []
-			commit_lines.append(input_line[1:])
-			input_line = fp.readline()
-
-		fp.close()
-
-		for commit in self.commits:
-			(out_line, last_colour, last_nodepos) = self.draw_graph(commit,
-										index, out_line,
-										last_colour,
-										last_nodepos)
-			self.index[commit.commit_sha1] = index
-			index += 1
-
-		self.treeview.set_model(self.model)
-		self.treeview.show()
-
-	def draw_graph(self, commit, index, out_line, last_colour, last_nodepos):
-		in_line=[]
-
-		#   |   -> outline
-		#   X
-		#   |\  <- inline
-
-		# Reset nodepostion
-		if (last_nodepos > 5):
-			last_nodepos = -1
-
-		# Add the incomplete lines of the last cell in this
-		try:
-			colour = self.colours[commit.commit_sha1]
-		except KeyError:
-			self.colours[commit.commit_sha1] = last_colour+1
-			last_colour = self.colours[commit.commit_sha1]
-			colour =   self.colours[commit.commit_sha1]
-
-		try:
-			node_pos = self.nodepos[commit.commit_sha1]
-		except KeyError:
-			self.nodepos[commit.commit_sha1] = last_nodepos+1
-			last_nodepos = self.nodepos[commit.commit_sha1]
-			node_pos =  self.nodepos[commit.commit_sha1]
-
-		#The first parent always continue on the same line
-		try:
-			# check we already have the value
-			tmp_node_pos = self.nodepos[commit.parent_sha1[0]]
-		except KeyError:
-			self.colours[commit.parent_sha1[0]] = colour
-			self.nodepos[commit.parent_sha1[0]] = node_pos
-
-		for sha1 in self.incomplete_line.keys():
-			if (sha1 != commit.commit_sha1):
-				self.draw_incomplete_line(sha1, node_pos,
-						out_line, in_line, index)
-			else:
-				del self.incomplete_line[sha1]
-
-
-		for parent_id in commit.parent_sha1:
-			try:
-				tmp_node_pos = self.nodepos[parent_id]
-			except KeyError:
-				self.colours[parent_id] = last_colour+1
-				last_colour = self.colours[parent_id]
-				self.nodepos[parent_id] = last_nodepos+1
-				last_nodepos = self.nodepos[parent_id]
-
-			in_line.append((node_pos, self.nodepos[parent_id],
-						self.colours[parent_id]))
-			self.add_incomplete_line(parent_id)
-
-		try:
-			branch_tag = self.bt_sha1[commit.commit_sha1]
-		except KeyError:
-			branch_tag = [ ]
-
-
-		node = (node_pos, colour, branch_tag)
-
-		self.model.append([commit, node, out_line, in_line,
-				commit.message, commit.author, commit.date])
-
-		return (in_line, last_colour, last_nodepos)
-
-	def add_incomplete_line(self, sha1):
-		try:
-			self.incomplete_line[sha1].append(self.nodepos[sha1])
-		except KeyError:
-			self.incomplete_line[sha1] = [self.nodepos[sha1]]
-
-	def draw_incomplete_line(self, sha1, node_pos, out_line, in_line, index):
-		for idx, pos in enumerate(self.incomplete_line[sha1]):
-			if(pos == node_pos):
-				#remove the straight line and add a slash
-				if ((pos, pos, self.colours[sha1]) in out_line):
-					out_line.remove((pos, pos, self.colours[sha1]))
-				out_line.append((pos, pos+0.5, self.colours[sha1]))
-				self.incomplete_line[sha1][idx] = pos = pos+0.5
-			try:
-				next_commit = self.commits[index+1]
-				if (next_commit.commit_sha1 == sha1 and pos != int(pos)):
-				# join the line back to the node point
-				# This need to be done only if we modified it
-					in_line.append((pos, pos-0.5, self.colours[sha1]))
-					continue;
-			except IndexError:
-				pass
-			in_line.append((pos, pos, self.colours[sha1]))
-
-
-	def _go_clicked_cb(self, widget, revid):
-		"""Callback for when the go button for a parent is clicked."""
-		try:
-			self.treeview.set_cursor(self.index[revid])
-		except KeyError:
-			dialog = gtk.MessageDialog(parent=None, flags=0,
-					type=gtk.MESSAGE_WARNING, buttons=gtk.BUTTONS_CLOSE,
-					message_format=None)
-			dialog.set_markup("Revision <b>%s</b> not present in the list" % revid)
-			# revid == 0 is the parent of the first commit
-			if (revid != 0 ):
-				dialog.format_secondary_text("Try running gitview without any options")
-			dialog.run()
-			dialog.destroy()
-
-		self.treeview.grab_focus()
-
-	def _show_clicked_cb(self, widget,  commit_sha1, parent_sha1, encoding):
-		"""Callback for when the show button for a parent is clicked."""
-		window = DiffWindow()
-		window.set_diff(commit_sha1, parent_sha1, encoding)
-		self.treeview.grab_focus()
-
-without_diff = 0
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-
-	if (len(sys.argv) > 1 ):
-		if (sys.argv[1] == "--without-diff"):
-			without_diff = 1
-
-	view = GitView( without_diff != 1)
-	view.run(sys.argv[without_diff:])
diff --git a/contrib/gitview/gitview.txt b/contrib/gitview/gitview.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 7b5f9002b9..0000000000
--- a/contrib/gitview/gitview.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-gitview(1)
-==========
-
-NAME
-----
-gitview - A GTK based repository browser for git
-
-SYNOPSIS
---------
-[verse]
-'gitview' [options] [args]
-
-DESCRIPTION
----------
-
-Dependencies:
-
-* Python 2.4
-* PyGTK 2.8 or later
-* PyCairo 1.0 or later
-
-OPTIONS
--------
---without-diff::
-
-	If the user doesn't want to list the commit diffs in the main window.
-	This may speed up the repository browsing.
-
-<args>::
-
-	All the valid option for linkgit:git-rev-list[1].
-
-Key Bindings
-------------
-F4::
-	To maximize the window
-
-F5::
-	To reread references.
-
-F11::
-	Full screen
-
-F12::
-	Leave full screen
-
-EXAMPLES
---------
-
-gitview v2.6.12.. include/scsi drivers/scsi::
-
-	Show as the changes since version v2.6.12 that changed any file in the
-	include/scsi or drivers/scsi subdirectories
-
-gitview --since=2.weeks.ago::
-
-	Show the changes during the last two weeks
diff --git a/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py b/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py
index 60dec86d37..de3f81667e 100755
--- a/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py
+++ b/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py
@@ -15,8 +15,7 @@
     GNU General Public License for more details.
 
     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-    Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+    along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 """
 
 import os, os.path, sys
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/multimail/CHANGES b/contrib/hooks/multimail/CHANGES
index 3603d56c26..2076cf972b 100644
--- a/contrib/hooks/multimail/CHANGES
+++ b/contrib/hooks/multimail/CHANGES
@@ -1,3 +1,199 @@
+Release 1.4.0
+=============
+
+New features to troubleshoot a git-multimail installation
+---------------------------------------------------------
+
+* One can now perform a basic check of git-multimail's setup by
+  running the hook with the environment variable
+  GIT_MULTIMAIL_CHECK_SETUP set to a non-empty string. See
+  doc/troubleshooting.rst for details.
+
+* A new log files system was added. See the multimailhook.logFile,
+  multimailhook.errorLogFile and multimailhook.debugLogFile variables.
+
+* git_multimail.py can now be made more verbose using
+  multimailhook.verbose.
+
+* A new option --check-ref-filter is now available to help debugging
+  the refFilter* options.
+
+Formatting emails
+-----------------
+
+* Formatting of emails was made slightly more compact, to reduce the
+  odds of having long subject lines truncated or wrapped in short list
+  of commits.
+
+* multimailhook.emailPrefix may now use the '%(repo_shortname)s'
+  placeholder for the repository's short name.
+
+* A new option multimailhook.subjectMaxLength is available to truncate
+  overly long subject lines.
+
+Bug fixes and minor changes
+---------------------------
+
+* Options refFilterDoSendRegex and refFilterDontSendRegex were
+  essentially broken. They should work now.
+
+* The behavior when both refFilter{Do,Dont}SendRegex and
+  refFilter{Exclusion,Inclusion}Regex are set have been slightly
+  changed. Exclusion/Inclusion is now strictly stronger than
+  DoSend/DontSend.
+
+* The management of precedence when a setting can be computed in
+  multiple ways has been considerably refactored and modified.
+  multimailhook.from and multimailhook.reponame now have precedence
+  over the environment-specific settings ($GL_REPO/$GL_USER for
+  gitolite, --stash-user/repo for Stash, --submitter/--project for
+  Gerrit).
+
+* The coverage of the testsuite has been considerably improved. All
+  configuration variables now appear at least once in the testsuite.
+
+This version was tested with Python 2.6 to 3.5. It also mostly works
+with Python 2.4, but there is one known breakage in the testsuite
+related to non-ascii characters. It was tested with Git
+1.7.10.406.gdc801, 1.8.5.6, 2.1.4, and 2.10.0.rc0.1.g07c9292.
+
+Release 1.3.1 (bugfix-only release)
+===================================
+
+* Generate links to commits in combined emails (it was done only for
+  commit emails in 1.3.0).
+
+* Fix broken links on PyPi.
+
+Release 1.3.0
+=============
+
+* New options multimailhook.htmlInIntro and multimailhook.htmlInFooter
+  now allow using HTML in the introduction and footer of emails (e.g.
+  for a more pleasant formatting or to insert a link to the commit on
+  a web interface).
+
+* A new option multimailhook.commitBrowseURL gives a simpler (and less
+  flexible) way to add a link to a web interface for commit emails
+  than multimailhook.htmlInIntro and multimailhook.htmlInFooter.
+
+* A new public function config.add_config_parameters was added to
+  allow custom hooks to set specific Git configuration variables
+  without modifying the configuration files. See an example in
+  post-receive.example.
+
+* Error handling for SMTP has been improved (we used to print Python
+  backtraces for legitimate errors).
+
+* The SMTP mailer can now check TLS certificates when the newly added
+  configuration variable multimailhook.smtpCACerts.
+
+* Python 3 portability has been improved.
+
+* The documentation's formatting has been improved.
+
+* The testsuite has been improved (we now use pyflakes to check for
+  errors in the code).
+
+This version has been tested with Python 2.4 and 2.6 to 3.5, and Git
+v1.7.10-406-gdc801e7, 2.1.4 and 2.8.1.339.g3ad15fd.
+
+No change since 1.3 RC1.
+
+Release 1.2.0
+=============
+
+* It is now possible to exclude some refs (e.g. exclude some branches
+  or tags). See refFilterDoSendRegex, refFilterDontSendRegex,
+  refFilterInclusionRegex and refFilterExclusionRegex.
+
+* New commitEmailFormat option which can be set to "html" to generate
+  simple colorized diffs using HTML for the commit emails.
+
+* git-multimail can now be ran as a Gerrit ref-updated hook, or from
+  Atlassian BitBucket Server (formerly known as Atlassian Stash).
+
+* The From: field is now more customizeable. It can be set
+  independently for refchange emails and commit emails (see
+  fromCommit, fromRefChange). The special values pusher and author can
+  be used in these configuration variable.
+
+* A new command-line option, --version, was added. The version is also
+  available in the X-Git-Multimail-Version header of sent emails.
+
+* Set X-Git-NotificationType header to differentiate the various types
+  of notifications. Current values are: diff, ref_changed_plus_diff,
+  ref_changed.
+
+* Preliminary support for Python 3. The testsuite passes with Python 3,
+  but it has not received as much testing as the Python 2 version yet.
+
+* Several encoding-related fixes. UTF-8 characters work in more
+  situations (but non-ascii characters in email address are still not
+  supported).
+
+* The testsuite and its documentation has been greatly improved.
+
+Plus all the bugfixes from version 1.1.1.
+
+This version has been tested with Python 2.4 and 2.6 to 3.5, and Git
+v1.7.10-406-gdc801e7, git-1.8.2.3 and 2.6.0. Git versions prior to
+v1.7.10-406-gdc801e7 probably work, but cannot run the testsuite
+properly.
+
+Release 1.1.1 (bugfix-only release)
+===================================
+
+* The SMTP mailer was not working with Python 2.4.
+
+Release 1.1.0
+=============
+
+* When a single commit is pushed, omit the reference changed email.
+  Set multimailhook.combineWhenSingleCommit to false to disable this
+  new feature.
+
+* In gitolite environments, the pusher's email address can be used as
+  the From address by creating a specially formatted comment block in
+  gitolite.conf (see multimailhook.from in README).
+
+* Support for SMTP authentication and SSL/TLS encryption was added,
+  see smtpUser, smtpPass, smtpEncryption in README.
+
+* A new option scanCommitForCc was added to allow git-multimail to
+  search the commit message for 'Cc: ...' lines, and add the
+  corresponding emails in Cc.
+
+* If $USER is not set, use the variable $USERNAME. This is needed on
+  Windows platform to recognize the pusher.
+
+* The emailPrefix variable can now be set to an empty string to remove
+  the prefix.
+
+* A short tutorial was added in doc/gitolite.rst to set up
+  git-multimail with gitolite.
+
+* The post-receive file was renamed to post-receive.example. It has
+  always been an example (the standard way to call git-multimail is to
+  call git_multimail.py), but it was unclear to many users.
+
+* A new refchangeShowGraph option was added to make it possible to
+  include both a graph and a log in the summary emails.  The options
+  to control the graph formatting can be set via the new graphOpts
+  option.
+
+* New option --force-send was added to disable new commit detection
+  for update hook. One use-case is to run git_multimail.py after
+  running "git fetch" to send emails about commits that have just been
+  fetched (the detection of new commits was unreliable in this mode).
+
+* The testing infrastructure was considerably improved (continuous
+  integration with travis-ci, automatic check of PEP8 and RST syntax,
+  many improvements to the test scripts).
+
+This version has been tested with Python 2.4 to 2.7, and Git 1.7.1 to
+2.4.
+
 Release 1.0.0
 =============
 
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/multimail/CONTRIBUTING.rst b/contrib/hooks/multimail/CONTRIBUTING.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..da65570e9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/hooks/multimail/CONTRIBUTING.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+Contributing
+============
+
+git-multimail is an open-source project, built by volunteers. We would
+welcome your help!
+
+The current maintainers are Matthieu Moy
+<matthieu.moy@grenoble-inp.fr> and Michael Haggerty
+<mhagger@alum.mit.edu>.
+
+Please note that although a copy of git-multimail is distributed in
+the "contrib" section of the main Git project, development takes place
+in a separate `git-multimail repository on GitHub`_.
+
+Whenever enough changes to git-multimail have accumulated, a new
+code-drop of git-multimail will be submitted for inclusion in the Git
+project.
+
+We use the GitHub issue tracker to keep track of bugs and feature
+requests, and we use GitHub pull requests to exchange patches (though,
+if you prefer, you can send patches via the Git mailing list with CC
+to the maintainers). Please sign off your patches as per the `Git
+project practice
+<https://github.com/git/git/blob/master/Documentation/SubmittingPatches#L234>`__.
+
+Please vote for issues you would like to be addressed in priority
+(click "add your reaction" and then the "+1" thumbs-up button on the
+GitHub issue).
+
+General discussion of git-multimail can take place on the main `Git
+mailing list`_.
+
+Please CC emails regarding git-multimail to the maintainers so that we
+don't overlook them.
+
+
+.. _`git-multimail repository on GitHub`: https://github.com/git-multimail/git-multimail
+.. _`Git mailing list`: git@vger.kernel.org
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/multimail/README b/contrib/hooks/multimail/README
index 477d65fed3..5105373aea 100644
--- a/contrib/hooks/multimail/README
+++ b/contrib/hooks/multimail/README
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
-			   git-multimail
-			   =============
+git-multimail version 1.4.0
+===========================
+
+.. image:: https://travis-ci.org/git-multimail/git-multimail.svg?branch=master
+    :target: https://travis-ci.org/git-multimail/git-multimail
 
 git-multimail is a tool for sending notification emails on pushes to a
-Git repository.  It includes a Python module called git_multimail.py,
+Git repository.  It includes a Python module called ``git_multimail.py``,
 which can either be used as a hook script directly or can be imported
 as a Python module into another script.
 
@@ -38,23 +41,25 @@ By default, for each push received by the repository, git-multimail:
    list) makes it easy to scan through the emails, jump to patches
    that need further attention, and write comments about specific
    commits.  Commits are handled in reverse topological order (i.e.,
-   parents shown before children).  For example,
-
-   [git] branch master updated
-   + [git] 01/08: doc: fix xref link from api docs to manual pages
-   + [git] 02/08: api-credentials.txt: show the big picture first
-   + [git] 03/08: api-credentials.txt: mention credential.helper explicitly
-   + [git] 04/08: api-credentials.txt: add "see also" section
-   + [git] 05/08: t3510 (cherry-pick-sequence): add missing '&&'
-   + [git] 06/08: Merge branch 'rr/maint-t3510-cascade-fix'
-   + [git] 07/08: Merge branch 'mm/api-credentials-doc'
-   + [git] 08/08: Git 1.7.11-rc2
-
-   Each commit appears in exactly one commit email, the first time
-   that it is pushed to the repository.  If a commit is later merged
-   into another branch, then a one-line summary of the commit is
-   included in the reference change email (as usual), but no
-   additional commit email is generated.
+   parents shown before children).  For example::
+
+     [git] branch master updated
+     + [git] 01/08: doc: fix xref link from api docs to manual pages
+     + [git] 02/08: api-credentials.txt: show the big picture first
+     + [git] 03/08: api-credentials.txt: mention credential.helper explicitly
+     + [git] 04/08: api-credentials.txt: add "see also" section
+     + [git] 05/08: t3510 (cherry-pick-sequence): add missing '&&'
+     + [git] 06/08: Merge branch 'rr/maint-t3510-cascade-fix'
+     + [git] 07/08: Merge branch 'mm/api-credentials-doc'
+     + [git] 08/08: Git 1.7.11-rc2
+
+   By default, each commit appears in exactly one commit email, the
+   first time that it is pushed to the repository.  If a commit is later
+   merged into another branch, then a one-line summary of the commit
+   is included in the reference change email (as usual), but no
+   additional commit email is generated. See
+   `multimailhook.refFilter(Inclusion|Exclusion|DoSend|DontSend)Regex`
+   below to configure which branches and tags are watched by the hook.
 
    By default, reference change emails have their "Reply-To" field set
    to the person who pushed the change, and commit emails have their
@@ -70,23 +75,10 @@ Requirements
 ------------
 
 * Python 2.x, version 2.4 or later.  No non-standard Python modules
-  are required.  git-multimail does *not* currently work with Python
-  3.x.
-
-  The example scripts invoke Python using the following shebang line
-  (following PEP 394 [1]):
-
-      #! /usr/bin/env python2
-
-  If your system's Python2 interpreter is not in your PATH or is not
-  called "python2", you can change the lines accordingly.  Or you can
-  invoke the Python interpreter explicitly, for example via a tiny
-  shell script like
-
-      #! /bin/sh
-      /usr/local/bin/python /path/to/git_multimail.py "$@"
+  are required.  git-multimail has preliminary support for Python 3
+  (but it has been better tested with Python 2).
 
-* The "git" command must be in your PATH.  git-multimail is known to
+* The ``git`` command must be in your PATH.  git-multimail is known to
   work with Git versions back to 1.7.1.  (Earlier versions have not
   been tested; if you do so, please report your results.)
 
@@ -101,20 +93,20 @@ Requirements
 Invocation
 ----------
 
-git_multimail.py is designed to be used as a "post-receive" hook in a
+``git_multimail.py`` is designed to be used as a ``post-receive`` hook in a
 Git repository (see githooks(5)).  Link or copy it to
 $GIT_DIR/hooks/post-receive within the repository for which email
 notifications are desired.  Usually it should be installed on the
 central repository for a project, to which all commits are eventually
 pushed.
 
-For use on pre-v1.5.1 Git servers, git_multimail.py can also work as
-an "update" hook, taking its arguments on the command line.  To use
+For use on pre-v1.5.1 Git servers, ``git_multimail.py`` can also work as
+an ``update`` hook, taking its arguments on the command line.  To use
 this script in this manner, link or copy it to $GIT_DIR/hooks/update.
 Please note that the script is not completely reliable in this mode
-[2].
+[1]_.
 
-Alternatively, git_multimail.py can be imported as a Python module
+Alternatively, ``git_multimail.py`` can be imported as a Python module
 into your own Python post-receive script.  This method is a bit more
 work, but allows the behavior of the hook to be customized using
 arbitrary Python code.  For example, you can use a custom environment
@@ -129,49 +121,101 @@ arbitrary Python code.  For example, you can use a custom environment
   only about changes affecting particular files or subdirectories)
 
 Or you can change how emails are sent by writing your own Mailer
-class.  The "post-receive" script in this directory demonstrates how
-to use git_multimail.py as a Python module.  (If you make interesting
+class.  The ``post-receive`` script in this directory demonstrates how
+to use ``git_multimail.py`` as a Python module.  (If you make interesting
 changes of this type, please consider sharing them with the
 community.)
 
 
+Troubleshooting/FAQ
+-------------------
+
+Please read `<doc/troubleshooting.rst>`__ for frequently asked
+questions and common issues with git-multimail.
+
+
 Configuration
 -------------
 
 By default, git-multimail mostly takes its configuration from the
-following "git config" settings:
+following ``git config`` settings:
 
 multimailhook.environment
-
-    This describes the general environment of the repository.
+    This describes the general environment of the repository. In most
+    cases, you do not need to specify a value for this variable:
+    `git-multimail` will autodetect which environment to use.
     Currently supported values:
 
-    "generic" -- the username of the pusher is read from $USER and the
-        repository name is derived from the repository's path.
-
-    "gitolite" -- the username of the pusher is read from $GL_USER and
-        the repository name from $GL_REPO.
-
-    If neither of these environments is suitable for your setup, then
-    you can implement a Python class that inherits from Environment
-    and instantiate it via a script that looks like the example
+    generic
+      the username of the pusher is read from $USER or $USERNAME and
+      the repository name is derived from the repository's path.
+
+    gitolite
+      Environment to use when ``git-multimail`` is ran as a gitolite_
+      hook.
+
+      The username of the pusher is read from $GL_USER, the repository
+      name is read from $GL_REPO, and the From: header value is
+      optionally read from gitolite.conf (see multimailhook.from).
+
+      For more information about gitolite and git-multimail, read
+      `<doc/gitolite.rst>`__
+
+    stash
+      Environment to use when ``git-multimail`` is ran as an Atlassian
+      BitBucket Server (formerly known as Atlassian Stash) hook.
+
+      **Warning:** this mode was provided by a third-party contributor
+      and never tested by the git-multimail maintainers. It is
+      provided as-is and may or may not work for you.
+
+      This value is automatically assumed when the stash-specific
+      flags (``--stash-user`` and ``--stash-repo``) are specified on
+      the command line. When this environment is active, the username
+      and repo come from these two command line flags, which must be
+      specified.
+
+    gerrit
+      Environment to use when ``git-multimail`` is ran as a
+      ``ref-updated`` Gerrit hook.
+
+      This value is used when the gerrit-specific command line flags
+      (``--oldrev``, ``--newrev``, ``--refname``, ``--project``) for
+      gerrit's ref-updated hook are present. When this environment is
+      active, the username of the pusher is taken from the
+      ``--submitter`` argument if that command line option is passed,
+      otherwise 'Gerrit' is used. The repository name is taken from
+      the ``--project`` option on the command line, which must be passed.
+
+      For more information about gerrit and git-multimail, read
+      `<doc/gerrit.rst>`__
+
+    If none of these environments is suitable for your setup, then you
+    can implement a Python class that inherits from Environment and
+    instantiate it via a script that looks like the example
     post-receive script.
 
     The environment value can be specified on the command line using
-    the --environment option.  If it is not specified on the command
-    line or by multimailhook.environment, then it defaults to
-    "gitolite" if the environment contains variables $GL_USER and
-    $GL_REPO; otherwise "generic".
+    the ``--environment`` option. If it is not specified on the
+    command line or by ``multimailhook.environment``, the value is
+    guessed as follows:
 
-multimailhook.repoName
+    * If stash-specific (respectively gerrit-specific) command flags
+      are present on the command-line, then ``stash`` (respectively
+      ``gerrit``) is used.
+
+    * If the environment variables $GL_USER and $GL_REPO are set, then
+      ``gitolite`` is used.
+
+    * If none of the above apply, then ``generic`` is used.
 
+multimailhook.repoName
     A short name of this Git repository, to be used in various places
     in the notification email text.  The default is to use $GL_REPO
     for gitolite repositories, or otherwise to derive this value from
     the repository path name.
 
 multimailhook.mailingList
-
     The list of email addresses to which notification emails should be
     sent, as RFC 2822 email addresses separated by commas.  This
     configuration option can be multivalued.  Leave it unset or set it
@@ -180,37 +224,33 @@ multimailhook.mailingList
     specific types of notification email.
 
 multimailhook.refchangeList
-
     The list of email addresses to which summary emails about
     reference changes should be sent, as RFC 2822 email addresses
     separated by commas.  This configuration option can be
     multivalued.  The default is the value in
-    multimailhook.mailingList.  Set this value to the empty string to
-    prevent reference change emails from being sent even if
+    multimailhook.mailingList.  Set this value to "none" (or the empty
+    string) to prevent reference change emails from being sent even if
     multimailhook.mailingList is set.
 
 multimailhook.announceList
-
     The list of email addresses to which emails about new annotated
     tags should be sent, as RFC 2822 email addresses separated by
     commas.  This configuration option can be multivalued.  The
     default is the value in multimailhook.refchangeList or
-    multimailhook.mailingList.  Set this value to the empty string to
-    prevent annotated tag announcement emails from being sent even if
-    one of the other values is set.
+    multimailhook.mailingList.  Set this value to "none" (or the empty
+    string) to prevent annotated tag announcement emails from being sent
+    even if one of the other values is set.
 
 multimailhook.commitList
-
     The list of email addresses to which emails about individual new
     commits should be sent, as RFC 2822 email addresses separated by
     commas.  This configuration option can be multivalued.  The
     default is the value in multimailhook.mailingList.  Set this value
-    to the empty string to prevent notification emails about
+    to "none" (or the empty string) to prevent notification emails about
     individual commits from being sent even if
     multimailhook.mailingList is set.
 
 multimailhook.announceShortlog
-
     If this option is set to true, then emails about changes to
     annotated tags include a shortlog of changes since the previous
     tag.  This can be useful if the annotated tags represent releases;
@@ -219,95 +259,225 @@ multimailhook.announceShortlog
     not so straightforward, then the shortlog might be confusing
     rather than useful.  Default is false.
 
-multimailhook.refchangeShowLog
+multimailhook.commitEmailFormat
+    The format of email messages for the individual commits, can be "text" or
+    "html". In the latter case, the emails will include diffs using colorized
+    HTML instead of plain text used by default. Note that this  currently the
+    ref change emails are always sent in plain text.
+
+    Note that when using "html", the formatting is done by parsing the
+    output of ``git log`` with ``-p``. When using
+    ``multimailhook.commitLogOpts`` to specify a ``--format`` for
+    ``git log``, one may get false positive (e.g. lines in the body of
+    the message starting with ``+++`` or ``---`` colored in red or
+    green).
+
+    By default, all the message is HTML-escaped. See
+    ``multimailhook.htmlInIntro`` to change this behavior.
+
+multimailhook.commitBrowseURL
+    Used to generate a link to an online repository browser in commit
+    emails. This variable must be a string. Format directives like
+    ``%(<variable>)s`` will be expanded the same way as template
+    strings. In particular, ``%(id)s`` will be replaced by the full
+    Git commit identifier (40-chars hexadecimal).
+
+    If the string does not contain any format directive, then
+    ``%(id)s`` will be automatically added to the string. If you don't
+    want ``%(id)s`` to be automatically added, use the empty format
+    directive ``%()s`` anywhere in the string.
+
+    For example, a suitable value for the git-multimail project itself
+    would be
+    ``https://github.com/git-multimail/git-multimail/commit/%(id)s``.
+
+multimailhook.htmlInIntro, multimailhook.htmlInFooter
+    When generating an HTML message, git-multimail escapes any HTML
+    sequence by default. This means that if a template contains HTML
+    like ``<a href="foo">link</a>``, the reader will see the HTML
+    source code and not a proper link.
+
+    Set ``multimailhook.htmlInIntro`` to true to allow writing HTML
+    formatting in introduction templates. Similarly, set
+    ``multimailhook.htmlInFooter`` for HTML in the footer.
+
+    Variables expanded in the template are still escaped. For example,
+    if a repository's path contains a ``<``, it will be rendered as
+    such in the message.
+
+    Read `<doc/customizing-emails.rst>`__ for more details and
+    examples.
+
+multimailhook.refchangeShowGraph
+    If this option is set to true, then summary emails about reference
+    changes will additionally include:
+
+    * a graph of the added commits (if any)
 
+    * a graph of the discarded commits (if any)
+
+    The log is generated by running ``git log --graph`` with the options
+    specified in graphOpts.  The default is false.
+
+multimailhook.refchangeShowLog
     If this option is set to true, then summary emails about reference
     changes will include a detailed log of the added commits in
     addition to the one line summary.  The log is generated by running
-    "git log" with the options specified in multimailhook.logOpts.
+    ``git log`` with the options specified in multimailhook.logOpts.
     Default is false.
 
 multimailhook.mailer
-
     This option changes the way emails are sent.  Accepted values are:
 
-    - sendmail (the default): use the command /usr/sbin/sendmail or
-      /usr/lib/sendmail (or sendmailCommand, if configured).  This
+    * **sendmail (the default)**: use the command ``/usr/sbin/sendmail`` or
+      ``/usr/lib/sendmail`` (or sendmailCommand, if configured).  This
       mode can be further customized via the following options:
 
-       multimailhook.sendmailCommand
+      multimailhook.sendmailCommand
+          The command used by mailer ``sendmail`` to send emails.  Shell
+          quoting is allowed in the value of this setting, but remember that
+          Git requires double-quotes to be escaped; e.g.::
 
-           The command used by mailer "sendmail" to send emails.  Shell
-           quoting is allowed in the value of this setting, but remember that
-           Git requires double-quotes to be escaped; e.g.,
+              git config multimailhook.sendmailcommand '/usr/sbin/sendmail -oi -t -F \"Git Repo\"'
 
-             git config multimailhook.sendmailcommand '/usr/sbin/sendmail -oi -t -F \"Git Repo\"'
+          Default is '/usr/sbin/sendmail -oi -t' or
+          '/usr/lib/sendmail -oi -t' (depending on which file is
+          present and executable).
 
-           Default is '/usr/sbin/sendmail -oi -t' or
-           '/usr/lib/sendmail -oi -t' (depending on which file is
-           present and executable).
+      multimailhook.envelopeSender
+          If set then pass this value to sendmail via the -f option to set
+          the envelope sender address.
 
-       multimailhook.envelopeSender
-
-           If set then pass this value to sendmail via the -f option to set
-           the envelope sender address.
-
-    - smtp: use Python's smtplib.  This is useful when the sendmail
+    * **smtp**: use Python's smtplib.  This is useful when the sendmail
       command is not available on the system.  This mode can be
       further customized via the following options:
 
-       multimailhook.smtpServer
+      multimailhook.smtpServer
+          The name of the SMTP server to connect to.  The value can
+          also include a colon and a port number; e.g.,
+          ``mail.example.com:25``.  Default is 'localhost' using port 25.
+
+      multimailhook.smtpUser, multimailhook.smtpPass
+          Server username and password. Required if smtpEncryption is 'ssl'.
+          Note that the username and password currently need to be
+          set cleartext in the configuration file, which is not
+          recommended. If you need to use this option, be sure your
+          configuration file is read-only.
+
+      multimailhook.envelopeSender
+        The sender address to be passed to the SMTP server.  If
+        unset, then the value of multimailhook.from is used.
+
+      multimailhook.smtpServerTimeout
+        Timeout in seconds.
+
+      multimailhook.smtpEncryption
+        Set the security type. Allowed values: ``none``, ``ssl``, ``tls`` (starttls).
+        Default is ``none``.
+
+      multimailhook.smtpCACerts
+        Set the path to a list of trusted CA certificate to verify the
+        server certificate, only supported when ``smtpEncryption`` is
+        ``tls``. If unset or empty, the server certificate is not
+        verified. If it targets a file containing a list of trusted CA
+        certificates (PEM format) these CAs will be used to verify the
+        server certificate. For debian, you can set
+        ``/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt`` for using the system
+        trusted CAs. For self-signed server, you can add your server
+        certificate to the system store::
+
+            cd /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/
+            openssl s_client -starttls smtp \
+                   -connect mail.example.net:587 -showcerts \
+                   </dev/null 2>/dev/null \
+                 | openssl x509 -outform PEM >mail.example.net.crt
+            update-ca-certificates
+
+        and used the updated ``/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt``. Or
+        directly use your ``/path/to/mail.example.net.crt``. Default is
+        unset.
+
+      multimailhook.smtpServerDebugLevel
+        Integer number. Set to greater than 0 to activate debugging.
+
+multimailhook.from, multimailhook.fromCommit, multimailhook.fromRefchange
+    If set, use this value in the From: field of generated emails.
+    ``fromCommit`` is used for commit emails, ``fromRefchange`` is
+    used for refchange emails, and ``from`` is used as fall-back in
+    all cases.
+
+    The value for these variables can be either:
 
-           The name of the SMTP server to connect to.  The value can
-           also include a colon and a port number; e.g.,
-           "mail.example.com:25".  Default is 'localhost' using port
-           25.
+    - An email address, which will be used directly.
 
-       multimailhook.envelopeSender
+    - The value ``pusher``, in which case the pusher's address (if
+      available) will be used.
 
-           The sender address to be passed to the SMTP server.  If
-           unset, then the value of multimailhook.from is used.
+    - The value ``author`` (meaningful only for ``fromCommit``), in which
+      case the commit author's address will be used.
 
-multimailhook.from
+    If config values are unset, the value of the From: header is
+    determined as follows:
 
-    If set then use this value in the From: field of generated emails.
-    If unset, then use the repository's user configuration (user.name
-    and user.email).  If user.email is also unset, then use
-    multimailhook.envelopeSender.
+    1. (gitolite environment only) Parse gitolite.conf, looking for a
+       block of comments that looks like this::
 
-multimailhook.administrator
+           # BEGIN USER EMAILS
+           # username Firstname Lastname <email@example.com>
+           # END USER EMAILS
 
+       If that block exists, and there is a line between the BEGIN
+       USER EMAILS and END USER EMAILS lines where the first field
+       matches the gitolite username ($GL_USER), use the rest of the
+       line for the From: header.
+
+    2. If the user.email configuration setting is set, use its value
+       (and the value of user.name, if set).
+
+    3. Use the value of multimailhook.envelopeSender.
+
+multimailhook.administrator
     The name and/or email address of the administrator of the Git
     repository; used in FOOTER_TEMPLATE.  Default is
     multimailhook.envelopesender if it is set; otherwise a generic
     string is used.
 
 multimailhook.emailPrefix
-
     All emails have this string prepended to their subjects, to aid
     email filtering (though filtering based on the X-Git-* email
     headers is probably more robust).  Default is the short name of
-    the repository in square brackets; e.g., "[myrepo]".
+    the repository in square brackets; e.g., ``[myrepo]``.  Set this
+    value to the empty string to suppress the email prefix. You may
+    use the placeholder ``%(repo_shortname)s`` for the short name of
+    the repository.
 
 multimailhook.emailMaxLines
-
     The maximum number of lines that should be included in the body of
     a generated email.  If not specified, there is no limit.  Lines
     beyond the limit are suppressed and counted, and a final line is
     added indicating the number of suppressed lines.
 
 multimailhook.emailMaxLineLength
-
     The maximum length of a line in the email body.  Lines longer than
-    this limit are truncated to this length with a trailing " [...]"
+    this limit are truncated to this length with a trailing ``[...]``
     added to indicate the missing text.  The default is 500, because
     (a) diffs with longer lines are probably from binary files, for
     which a diff is useless, and (b) even if a text file has such long
     lines, the diffs are probably unreadable anyway.  To disable line
     truncation, set this option to 0.
 
-multimailhook.maxCommitEmails
+multimailhook.subjectMaxLength
+    The maximum length of the subject line (i.e. the ``oneline`` field
+    in templates, not including the prefix). Lines longer than this
+    limit are truncated to this length with a trailing ``[...]`` added
+    to indicate the missing text. This option The default is to use
+    ``multimailhook.emailMaxLineLength``. This option avoids sending
+    emails with overly long subject lines, but should not be needed if
+    the commit messages follow the Git convention (one short subject
+    line, then a blank line, then the message body). To disable line
+    truncation, set this option to 0.
 
+multimailhook.maxCommitEmails
     The maximum number of commit emails to send for a given change.
     When the number of patches is larger that this value, only the
     summary refchange email is sent.  This can avoid accidental
@@ -315,88 +485,189 @@ multimailhook.maxCommitEmails
     emails limit, set this option to 0.  The default is 500.
 
 multimailhook.emailStrictUTF8
-
-    If this boolean option is set to "true", then the main part of the
+    If this boolean option is set to `true`, then the main part of the
     email body is forced to be valid UTF-8.  Any characters that are
     not valid UTF-8 are converted to the Unicode replacement
-    character, U+FFFD.  The default is "true".
+    character, U+FFFD.  The default is `true`.
 
-multimailhook.diffOpts
+    This option is ineffective with Python 3, where non-UTF-8
+    characters are unconditionally replaced.
 
-    Options passed to "git diff-tree" when generating the summary
-    information for ReferenceChange emails.  Default is "--stat
-    --summary --find-copies-harder".  Add -p to those options to
+multimailhook.diffOpts
+    Options passed to ``git diff-tree`` when generating the summary
+    information for ReferenceChange emails.  Default is ``--stat
+    --summary --find-copies-harder``.  Add -p to those options to
     include a unified diff of changes in addition to the usual summary
-    output.  Shell quoting is allowed; see multimailhook.logOpts for
+    output.  Shell quoting is allowed; see ``multimailhook.logOpts`` for
     details.
 
-multimailhook.logOpts
+multimailhook.graphOpts
+    Options passed to ``git log --graph`` when generating graphs for the
+    reference change summary emails (used only if refchangeShowGraph
+    is true).  The default is '--oneline --decorate'.
+
+    Shell quoting is allowed; see logOpts for details.
 
-    Options passed to "git log" to generate additional info for
+multimailhook.logOpts
+    Options passed to ``git log`` to generate additional info for
     reference change emails (used only if refchangeShowLog is set).
-    For example, adding --graph will show the graph of revisions, -p
-    will show the complete diff, etc.  The default is empty.
+    For example, adding -p will show each commit's complete diff.  The
+    default is empty.
 
     Shell quoting is allowed; for example, a log format that contains
-    spaces can be specified using something like:
+    spaces can be specified using something like::
 
       git config multimailhook.logopts '--pretty=format:"%h %aN <%aE>%n%s%n%n%b%n"'
 
     If you want to set this by editing your configuration file
     directly, remember that Git requires double-quotes to be escaped
-    (see git-config(1) for more information):
+    (see git-config(1) for more information)::
 
       [multimailhook]
               logopts = --pretty=format:\"%h %aN <%aE>%n%s%n%n%b%n\"
 
 multimailhook.commitLogOpts
-
-    Options passed to "git log" to generate additional info for
+    Options passed to ``git log`` to generate additional info for
     revision change emails.  For example, adding --ignore-all-spaces
-    will suppress whitespace changes.  The default options are "-C
-    --stat -p --cc".  Shell quoting is allowed; see
+    will suppress whitespace changes.  The default options are ``-C
+    --stat -p --cc``.  Shell quoting is allowed; see
     multimailhook.logOpts for details.
 
-multimailhook.emailDomain
+multimailhook.dateSubstitute
+    String to use as a substitute for ``Date:`` in the output of ``git
+    log`` while formatting commit messages. This is useful to avoid
+    emitting a line that can be interpreted by mailers as the start of
+    a cited message (Zimbra webmail in particular). Defaults to
+    ``CommitDate:``. Set to an empty string or ``none`` to deactivate
+    the behavior.
 
+multimailhook.emailDomain
     Domain name appended to the username of the person doing the push
-    to convert it into an email address (via "%s@%s" % (username,
-    emaildomain)).  More complicated schemes can be implemented by
-    overriding Environment and overriding its get_pusher_email()
-    method.
-
-multimailhook.replyTo
-multimailhook.replyToCommit
-multimailhook.replyToRefchange
+    to convert it into an email address
+    (via ``"%s@%s" % (username, emaildomain)``). More complicated
+    schemes can be implemented by overriding Environment and
+    overriding its get_pusher_email() method.
 
+multimailhook.replyTo, multimailhook.replyToCommit, multimailhook.replyToRefchange
     Addresses to use in the Reply-To: field for commit emails
     (replyToCommit) and refchange emails (replyToRefchange).
     multimailhook.replyTo is used as default when replyToCommit or
-    replyToRefchange is not set.  The value for these variables can be
-    either:
+    replyToRefchange is not set. The shortcuts ``pusher`` and
+    ``author`` are allowed with the same semantics as for
+    ``multimailhook.from``. In addition, the value ``none`` can be
+    used to omit the ``Reply-To:`` field.
+
+    The default is ``pusher`` for refchange emails, and ``author`` for
+    commit emails.
+
+multimailhook.quiet
+    Do not output the list of email recipients from the hook
+
+multimailhook.stdout
+    For debugging, send emails to stdout rather than to the
+    mailer.  Equivalent to the --stdout command line option
+
+multimailhook.scanCommitForCc
+    If this option is set to true, than recipients from lines in commit body
+    that starts with ``CC:`` will be added to CC list.
+    Default: false
+
+multimailhook.combineWhenSingleCommit
+    If this option is set to true and a single new commit is pushed to
+    a branch, combine the summary and commit email messages into a
+    single email.
+    Default: true
+
+multimailhook.refFilterInclusionRegex, multimailhook.refFilterExclusionRegex, multimailhook.refFilterDoSendRegex, multimailhook.refFilterDontSendRegex
+    **Warning:** these options are experimental. They should work, but
+    the user-interface is not stable yet (in particular, the option
+    names may change). If you want to participate in stabilizing the
+    feature, please contact the maintainers and/or send pull-requests.
+    If you are happy with the current shape of the feature, please
+    report it too.
+
+    Regular expressions that can be used to limit refs for which email
+    updates will be sent.  It is an error to specify both an inclusion
+    and an exclusion regex.  If a ``refFilterInclusionRegex`` is
+    specified, emails will only be sent for refs which match this
+    regex.  If a ``refFilterExclusionRegex`` regex is specified,
+    emails will be sent for all refs except those that match this
+    regex (or that match a predefined regex specific to the
+    environment, such as "^refs/notes" for most environments and
+    "^refs/notes|^refs/changes" for the gerrit environment).
+
+    The expressions are matched against the complete refname, and is
+    considered to match if any substring matches. For example, to
+    filter-out all tags, set ``refFilterExclusionRegex`` to
+    ``^refs/tags/`` (note the leading ``^`` but no trailing ``$``). If
+    you set ``refFilterExclusionRegex`` to ``master``, then any ref
+    containing ``master`` will be excluded (the ``master`` branch, but
+    also ``refs/tags/master`` or ``refs/heads/foo-master-bar``).
+
+    ``refFilterDoSendRegex`` and ``refFilterDontSendRegex`` are
+    analogous to ``refFilterInclusionRegex`` and
+    ``refFilterExclusionRegex`` with one difference: with
+    ``refFilterDoSendRegex`` and ``refFilterDontSendRegex``, commits
+    introduced by one excluded ref will not be considered as new when
+    they reach an included ref. Typically, if you add a branch ``foo``
+    to  ``refFilterDontSendRegex``, push commits to this branch, and
+    later merge branch ``foo`` into ``master``, then the notification
+    email for ``master`` will contain a commit email only for the
+    merge commit. If you include ``foo`` in
+    ``refFilterExclusionRegex``, then at the time of merge, you will
+    receive one commit email per commit in the branch.
+
+    These variables can be multi-valued, like::
 
-    - An email address, which will be used directly.
+      [multimailhook]
+              refFilterExclusionRegex = ^refs/tags/
+              refFilterExclusionRegex = ^refs/heads/master$
 
-    - The value "pusher", in which case the pusher's address (if
-      available) will be used.  This is the default for refchange
-      emails.
+    You can also provide a whitespace-separated list like::
 
-    - The value "author" (meaningful only for replyToCommit), in which
-      case the commit author's address will be used.  This is the
-      default for commit emails.
+      [multimailhook]
+              refFilterExclusionRegex = ^refs/tags/ ^refs/heads/master$
+
+    Both examples exclude tags and the master branch, and are
+    equivalent to::
+
+      [multimailhook]
+              refFilterExclusionRegex = ^refs/tags/|^refs/heads/master$
+
+    ``refFilterInclusionRegex`` and ``refFilterExclusionRegex`` are
+    strictly stronger than ``refFilterDoSendRegex`` and
+    ``refFilterDontSendRegex``. In other words, adding a ref to a
+    DoSend/DontSend regex has no effect if it is already excluded by a
+    Exclusion/Inclusion regex.
 
-    - The value "none", in which case the Reply-To: field will be
-      omitted.
+multimailhook.logFile, multimailhook.errorLogFile, multimailhook.debugLogFile
 
+    When set, these variable designate path to files where
+    git-multimail will log some messages. Normal messages and error
+    messages are sent to ``logFile``, and error messages are also sent
+    to ``errorLogFile``. Debug messages and all other messages are
+    sent to ``debugLogFile``. The recommended way is to set only one
+    of these variables, but it is also possible to set several of them
+    (part of the information is then duplicated in several log files,
+    for example errors are duplicated to all log files).
+
+    Relative path are relative to the Git repository where the push is
+    done.
+
+multimailhook.verbose
+
+    Verbosity level of git-multimail on its standard output. By
+    default, show only error and info messages. If set to true, show
+    also debug messages.
 
 Email filtering aids
 --------------------
 
 All emails include extra headers to enable fine tuned filtering and
 give information for debugging.  All emails include the headers
-"X-Git-Host", "X-Git-Repo", "X-Git-Refname", and "X-Git-Reftype".
-ReferenceChange emails also include headers "X-Git-Oldrev" and "X-Git-Newrev";
-Revision emails also include header "X-Git-Rev".
+``X-Git-Host``, ``X-Git-Repo``, ``X-Git-Refname``, and ``X-Git-Reftype``.
+ReferenceChange emails also include headers ``X-Git-Oldrev`` and ``X-Git-Newrev``;
+Revision emails also include header ``X-Git-Rev``.
 
 
 Customizing email contents
@@ -404,8 +675,8 @@ Customizing email contents
 
 git-multimail mostly generates emails by expanding templates.  The
 templates can be customized.  To avoid the need to edit
-git_multimail.py directly, the preferred way to change the templates
-is to write a separate Python script that imports git_multimail.py as
+``git_multimail.py`` directly, the preferred way to change the templates
+is to write a separate Python script that imports ``git_multimail.py`` as
 a module, then replaces the templates in place.  See the provided
 post-receive script for an example of how this is done.
 
@@ -417,30 +688,33 @@ git-multimail is mostly customized via an "environment" that describes
 the local environment in which Git is running.  Two types of
 environment are built in:
 
-* GenericEnvironment: a stand-alone Git repository.
+GenericEnvironment
+    a stand-alone Git repository.
 
-* GitoliteEnvironment: a Git repository that is managed by gitolite
-  [3].  For such repositories, the identity of the pusher is read from
-  environment variable $GL_USER, and the name of the repository is
-  read from $GL_REPO (if it is not overridden by
-  multimailhook.reponame).
+GitoliteEnvironment
+    a Git repository that is managed by gitolite_.  For such
+    repositories, the identity of the pusher is read from
+    environment variable $GL_USER, the name of the repository is read
+    from $GL_REPO (if it is not overridden by multimailhook.reponame),
+    and the From: header value is optionally read from gitolite.conf
+    (see multimailhook.from).
 
 By default, git-multimail assumes GitoliteEnvironment if $GL_USER and
 $GL_REPO are set, and otherwise assumes GenericEnvironment.
 Alternatively, you can choose one of these two environments explicitly
-by setting a "multimailhook.environment" config setting (which can
-have the value "generic" or "gitolite") or by passing an --environment
+by setting a ``multimailhook.environment`` config setting (which can
+have the value `generic` or `gitolite`) or by passing an --environment
 option to the script.
 
 If you need to customize the script in ways that are not supported by
 the existing environments, you can define your own environment class
 class using arbitrary Python code.  To do so, you need to import
-git_multimail.py as a Python module, as demonstrated by the example
+``git_multimail.py`` as a Python module, as demonstrated by the example
 post-receive script.  Then implement your environment class; it should
 usually inherit from one of the existing Environment classes and
 possibly one or more of the EnvironmentMixin classes.  Then set the
-"environment" variable to an instance of your own environment class
-and pass it to run_as_post_receive_hook().
+``environment`` variable to an instance of your own environment class
+and pass it to ``run_as_post_receive_hook()``.
 
 The standard environment classes, GenericEnvironment and
 GitoliteEnvironment, are in fact themselves put together out of a
@@ -456,45 +730,19 @@ consider sharing them with the community!
 Getting involved
 ----------------
 
-git-multimail is an open-source project, built by volunteers.  We
-would welcome your help!
-
-The current maintainer is Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>.
-
-General discussion of git-multimail takes place on the main Git
-mailing list,
-
-    git@vger.kernel.org
-
-Please CC emails regarding git-multimail to me so that I don't
-overlook them.
-
-The git-multimail project itself is currently hosted on GitHub:
-
-    https://github.com/mhagger/git-multimail
-
-We use the GitHub issue tracker to keep track of bugs and feature
-requests, and GitHub pull requests to exchange patches (though, if you
-prefer, you can send patches via the Git mailing list with cc to me).
-Please sign off your patches as per the Git project practice.
-
-Please note that although a copy of git-multimail will probably be
-distributed in the "contrib" section of the main Git project,
-development takes place in the separate git-multimail repository on
-GitHub!  (Whenever enough changes to git-multimail have accumulated, a
-new code-drop of git-multimail will be submitted for inclusion in the
-Git project.)
+Please, read `<CONTRIBUTING.rst>`__ for instructions on how to
+contribute to git-multimail.
 
 
 Footnotes
 ---------
 
-[1] http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0394/
-
-[2] Because of the way information is passed to update hooks, the
-    script's method of determining whether a commit has already been
-    seen does not work when it is used as an "update" script.  In
-    particular, no notification email will be generated for a new
-    commit that is added to multiple references in the same push.
+.. [1] Because of the way information is passed to update hooks, the
+       script's method of determining whether a commit has already
+       been seen does not work when it is used as an ``update`` script.
+       In particular, no notification email will be generated for a
+       new commit that is added to multiple references in the same
+       push. A workaround is to use --force-send to force sending the
+       emails.
 
-[3] https://github.com/sitaramc/gitolite
+.. _gitolite: https://github.com/sitaramc/gitolite
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/multimail/README.Git b/contrib/hooks/multimail/README.Git
index 129b771410..161b0230a0 100644
--- a/contrib/hooks/multimail/README.Git
+++ b/contrib/hooks/multimail/README.Git
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@ section of the Git project as a convenience to Git users.
 git-multimail is developed as an independent project at the following
 website:
 
-    https://github.com/mhagger/git-multimail
+    https://github.com/git-multimail/git-multimail
 
 The version in this directory was obtained from the upstream project
-on 2014-04-07 and consists of the "git-multimail" subdirectory from
+on August 17 2016 and consists of the "git-multimail" subdirectory from
 revision
 
-    1b32653bafc4f902535b9fc1cd9cae911325b870
+    07b1cb6bfd7be156c62e1afa17cae13b850a869f refs/tags/1.4.0
 
 Please see the README file in this directory for information about how
 to report bugs or contribute to git-multimail.
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/multimail/doc/customizing-emails.rst b/contrib/hooks/multimail/doc/customizing-emails.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3f5b67f768
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/hooks/multimail/doc/customizing-emails.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+Customizing the content and formatting of emails
+================================================
+
+Overloading template strings
+----------------------------
+
+The content of emails is generated based on template strings defined
+in ``git_multimail.py``. You can customize these template strings
+without changing the script itself, by defining a Python wrapper
+around it. The python wrapper should ``import git_multimail`` and then
+override the ``git_multimail.*`` strings like this::
+
+  import sys  # needed for sys.argv
+
+  # Import and customize git_multimail:
+  import git_multimail
+  git_multimail.REVISION_INTRO_TEMPLATE = """..."""
+  git_multimail.COMBINED_INTRO_TEMPLATE = git_multimail.REVISION_INTRO_TEMPLATE
+
+  # start git_multimail itself:
+  git_multimail.main(sys.argv[1:])
+
+The template strings can use any value already used in the existing
+templates (read the source code).
+
+Using HTML in template strings
+------------------------------
+
+If ``multimailhook.commitEmailFormat`` is set to HTML, then
+git-multimail will generate HTML emails for commit notifications. The
+log and diff will be formatted automatically by git-multimail. By
+default, any HTML special character in the templates will be escaped.
+
+To use HTML formatting in the introduction of the email, set
+``multimailhook.htmlInIntro`` to ``true``. Then, the template can
+contain any HTML tags, that will be sent as-is in the email. For
+example, to add some formatting and a link to the online commit, use
+a format like::
+
+  git_multimail.REVISION_INTRO_TEMPLATE = """\
+  <span style="color:#808080">This is an automated email from the git hooks/post-receive script.</span><br /><br />
+
+  <strong>%(pusher)s</strong> pushed a commit to %(refname_type)s %(short_refname)s
+  in repository %(repo_shortname)s.<br />
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/git-multimail/git-multimail/commit/%(newrev)s">View on GitHub</a>.
+  """
+
+Note that the values expanded from ``%(variable)s`` in the format
+strings will still be escaped.
+
+For a less flexible but easier to set up way to add a link to commit
+emails, see ``multimailhook.commitBrowseURL``.
+
+Similarly, one can set ``multimailhook.htmlInFooter`` and override any
+of the ``*_FOOTER*`` template strings.
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/multimail/doc/gerrit.rst b/contrib/hooks/multimail/doc/gerrit.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8011d05dec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/hooks/multimail/doc/gerrit.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+Setting up git-multimail on Gerrit
+==================================
+
+Gerrit has its own email-sending system, but you may prefer using
+``git-multimail`` instead. It supports Gerrit natively as a Gerrit
+``ref-updated`` hook (Warning: `Gerrit hooks
+<https://gerrit-review.googlesource.com/Documentation/config-hooks.html>`__
+are distinct from Git hooks). Setting up ``git-multimail`` on a Gerrit
+installation can be done following the instructions below.
+
+The explanations show an easy way to set up ``git-multimail``,
+but leave ``git-multimail`` installed and unconfigured for a while. If
+you run Gerrit on a production server, it is advised that you
+execute the step "Set up the hook" last to avoid confusing your users
+in the meantime.
+
+Set up the hook
+---------------
+
+Create a directory ``$site_path/hooks/`` if it does not exist (if you
+don't know what ``$site_path`` is, run ``gerrit.sh status`` and look
+for a ``GERRIT_SITE`` line). Either copy ``git_multimail.py`` to
+``$site_path/hooks/ref-updated`` or create a wrapper script like
+this::
+
+  #! /bin/sh
+  exec /path/to/git_multimail.py "$@"
+
+In both cases, make sure the file is named exactly
+``$site_path/hooks/ref-updated`` and is executable.
+
+(Alternatively, you may configure the ``[hooks]`` section of
+gerrit.config)
+
+Configuration
+-------------
+
+Log on the gerrit server and edit ``$site_path/git/$project/config``
+to configure ``git-multimail``.
+
+Troubleshooting
+---------------
+
+Warning: this will disable ``git-multimail`` during the debug, and
+could confuse your users. Don't run on a production server.
+
+To debug configuration issues with ``git-multimail``, you can add the
+``--stdout`` option when calling ``git_multimail.py`` like this::
+
+  #!/bin/sh
+  exec /path/to/git-multimail/git-multimail/git_multimail.py \
+    --stdout "$@" >> /tmp/log.txt
+
+and try pushing from a test repository. You should see the source of
+the email that would have been sent in the output of ``git push`` in
+the file ``/tmp/log.txt``.
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/multimail/doc/gitolite.rst b/contrib/hooks/multimail/doc/gitolite.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..00aedd9c57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/hooks/multimail/doc/gitolite.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+Setting up git-multimail on gitolite
+====================================
+
+``git-multimail`` supports gitolite 3 natively.
+The explanations below show an easy way to set up ``git-multimail``,
+but leave ``git-multimail`` installed and unconfigured for a while. If
+you run gitolite on a production server, it is advised that you
+execute the step "Set up the hook" last to avoid confusing your users
+in the meantime.
+
+Set up the hook
+---------------
+
+Log in as your gitolite user.
+
+Create a file ``.gitolite/hooks/common/post-receive`` on your gitolite
+account containing (adapt the path, obviously)::
+
+  #!/bin/sh
+  exec /path/to/git-multimail/git-multimail/git_multimail.py "$@"
+
+Make sure it's executable (``chmod +x``). Record the hook in
+gitolite::
+
+  gitolite setup
+
+Configuration
+-------------
+
+First, you have to allow the admin to set Git configuration variables.
+
+As gitolite user, edit the line containing ``GIT_CONFIG_KEYS`` in file
+``.gitolite.rc``, to make it look like::
+
+  GIT_CONFIG_KEYS                 =>  'multimailhook\..*',
+
+You can now log out and return to your normal user.
+
+In the ``gitolite-admin`` clone, edit the file ``conf/gitolite.conf``
+and add::
+
+  repo @all
+      # Not strictly needed as git_multimail.py will chose gitolite if
+      # $GL_USER is set.
+      config multimailhook.environment = gitolite
+      config multimailhook.mailingList = # Where emails should be sent
+      config multimailhook.from = # From address to use
+
+Obviously, you can customize all parameters on a per-repository basis by
+adding these ``config multimailhook.*`` lines in the section
+corresponding to a repository or set of repositories.
+
+To activate ``git-multimail`` on a per-repository basis, do not set
+``multimailhook.mailingList`` in the ``@all`` section and set it only
+for repositories for which you want ``git-multimail``.
+
+Alternatively, you can set up the ``From:`` field on a per-user basis
+by adding a ``BEGIN USER EMAILS``/``END USER EMAILS`` section (see
+``../README``).
+
+Specificities of Gitolite for Configuration
+-------------------------------------------
+
+Empty configuration variables
+.............................
+
+With gitolite, the syntax ``config multimailhook.commitList = ""``
+unsets the variable instead of setting it to an empty string (see
+`here
+<http://gitolite.com/gitolite/git-config.html#an-important-warning-about-deleting-a-config-line>`__).
+As a result, there is no way to set a variable to the empty string.
+In all most places where an empty value is required, git-multimail
+now allows to specify special ``"none"`` value (case-sensitive) to
+mean the same.
+
+Alternatively, one can use ``" "`` (a single space) instead of ``""``.
+In most cases (in particular ``multimailhook.*List`` variables), this
+will be equivalent to an empty string.
+
+If you have a use-case where ``"none"`` is not an acceptable value and
+you need ``" "`` or  ``""`` instead, please report it as a bug to
+git-multimail.
+
+Allowing Regular Expressions in Configuration
+.............................................
+
+gitolite has a mechanism to prevent unsafe configuration variable
+values, which prevent characters like ``|`` commonly used in regular
+expressions. If you do not need the safety feature of gitolite and
+need to use regular expressions in your configuration (e.g. for
+``multimailhook.refFilter*`` variables), set
+`UNSAFE_PATT
+<http://gitolite.com/gitolite/git-config.html#unsafe-patt>`__ to a
+less restrictive value.
+
+Troubleshooting
+---------------
+
+Warning: this will disable ``git-multimail`` during the debug, and
+could confuse your users. Don't run on a production server.
+
+To debug configuration issues with ``git-multimail``, you can add the
+``--stdout`` option when calling ``git_multimail.py`` like this::
+
+  #!/bin/sh
+  exec /path/to/git-multimail/git-multimail/git_multimail.py --stdout "$@"
+
+and try pushing from a test repository. You should see the source of
+the email that would have been sent in the output of ``git push``.
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/multimail/doc/troubleshooting.rst b/contrib/hooks/multimail/doc/troubleshooting.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..651b509ee6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/hooks/multimail/doc/troubleshooting.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+Troubleshooting issues with git-multimail: a FAQ
+================================================
+
+How to check that git-multimail is properly set up?
+---------------------------------------------------
+
+Since version 1.4.0, git-multimail allows a simple self-checking of
+its configuration: run it with the environment variable
+``GIT_MULTIMAIL_CHECK_SETUP`` set to a non-empty string. You should
+get something like this::
+
+  $ GIT_MULTIMAIL_CHECK_SETUP=true /home/moy/dev/git-multimail/git-multimail/git_multimail.py
+  Environment values:
+      administrator : 'the administrator of this repository'
+      charset : 'utf-8'
+      emailprefix : '[git-multimail] '
+      fqdn : 'anie'
+      projectdesc : 'UNNAMED PROJECT'
+      pusher : 'moy'
+      repo_path : '/home/moy/dev/git-multimail'
+      repo_shortname : 'git-multimail'
+
+  Now, checking that git-multimail's standard input is properly set ...
+  Please type some text and then press Return
+  foo
+  You have just entered:
+  foo
+  git-multimail seems properly set up.
+
+If you forgot to set an important variable, you may get instead::
+
+  $ GIT_MULTIMAIL_CHECK_SETUP=true /home/moy/dev/git-multimail/git-multimail/git_multimail.py
+  No email recipients configured!
+
+Do not set ``$GIT_MULTIMAIL_CHECK_SETUP`` other than for testing your
+configuration: it would disable the hook completely.
+
+Git is not using the right address in the From/To/Reply-To field
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+First, make sure that git-multimail actually uses what you think it is
+using. A lot happens to your email (especially when posting to a
+mailing-list) between the time `git_multimail.py` sends it and the
+time it reaches your inbox.
+
+A simple test (to do on a test repository, do not use in production as
+it would disable email sending): change your post-receive hook to call
+`git_multimail.py` with the `--stdout` option, and try to push to the
+repository. You should see something like::
+
+  Counting objects: 3, done.
+  Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 263 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
+  Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
+  remote: Sending notification emails to: foo.bar@example.com
+  remote: ===========================================================================
+  remote: Date: Mon, 25 Apr 2016 18:39:59 +0200
+  remote: To: foo.bar@example.com
+  remote: Subject: [git] branch master updated: foo
+  remote: MIME-Version: 1.0
+  remote: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
+  remote: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+  remote: Message-ID: <20160425163959.2311.20498@anie>
+  remote: From: Auth Or <Foo.Bar@example.com>
+  remote: Reply-To: Auth Or <Foo.Bar@example.com>
+  remote: X-Git-Host: example
+  ...
+  remote: --
+  remote: To stop receiving notification emails like this one, please contact
+  remote: the administrator of this repository.
+  remote: ===========================================================================
+  To /path/to/repo
+     6278f04..e173f20  master -> master
+
+Note: this does not include the sender (Return-Path: header), as it is
+not part of the message content but passed to the mailer. Some mailer
+show the ``Sender:`` field instead of the ``From:`` field (for
+example, Zimbra Webmail shows ``From: <sender-field> on behalf of
+<from-field>``).
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/multimail/git_multimail.py b/contrib/hooks/multimail/git_multimail.py
index 8b58ed6444..73fdda6b14 100755
--- a/contrib/hooks/multimail/git_multimail.py
+++ b/contrib/hooks/multimail/git_multimail.py
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
-#! /usr/bin/env python2
+#! /usr/bin/env python
 
+__version__ = '1.4.0'
+
+# Copyright (c) 2015-2016 Matthieu Moy and others
 # Copyright (c) 2012-2014 Michael Haggerty and others
 # Derived from contrib/hooks/post-receive-email, which is
 # Copyright (c) 2007 Andy Parkins
@@ -53,10 +56,83 @@ import socket
 import subprocess
 import shlex
 import optparse
+import logging
 import smtplib
+try:
+    import ssl
+except ImportError:
+    # Python < 2.6 do not have ssl, but that's OK if we don't use it.
+    pass
 import time
+import cgi
+
+PYTHON3 = sys.version_info >= (3, 0)
+
+if sys.version_info <= (2, 5):
+    def all(iterable):
+        for element in iterable:
+            if not element:
+                return False
+            return True
+
+
+def is_ascii(s):
+    return all(ord(c) < 128 and ord(c) > 0 for c in s)
+
+
+if PYTHON3:
+    def is_string(s):
+        return isinstance(s, str)
+
+    def str_to_bytes(s):
+        return s.encode(ENCODING)
+
+    def bytes_to_str(s, errors='strict'):
+        return s.decode(ENCODING, errors)
+
+    unicode = str
+
+    def write_str(f, msg):
+        # Try outputing with the default encoding. If it fails,
+        # try UTF-8.
+        try:
+            f.buffer.write(msg.encode(sys.getdefaultencoding()))
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            f.buffer.write(msg.encode(ENCODING))
+
+    def read_line(f):
+        # Try reading with the default encoding. If it fails,
+        # try UTF-8.
+        out = f.buffer.readline()
+        try:
+            return out.decode(sys.getdefaultencoding())
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            return out.decode(ENCODING)
+else:
+    def is_string(s):
+        try:
+            return isinstance(s, basestring)
+        except NameError:  # Silence Pyflakes warning
+            raise
+
+    def str_to_bytes(s):
+        return s
+
+    def bytes_to_str(s, errors='strict'):
+        return s
+
+    def write_str(f, msg):
+        f.write(msg)
+
+    def read_line(f):
+        return f.readline()
+
+    def next(it):
+        return it.next()
+
 
 try:
+    from email.charset import Charset
     from email.utils import make_msgid
     from email.utils import getaddresses
     from email.utils import formataddr
@@ -64,6 +140,7 @@ try:
     from email.header import Header
 except ImportError:
     # Prior to Python 2.5, the email module used different names:
+    from email.Charset import Charset
     from email.Utils import make_msgid
     from email.Utils import getaddresses
     from email.Utils import formataddr
@@ -99,12 +176,16 @@ REF_DELETED_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE = (
     ' (was %(oldrev_short)s)'
     )
 
+COMBINED_REFCHANGE_REVISION_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE = (
+    '%(emailprefix)s%(refname_type)s %(short_refname)s updated: %(oneline)s'
+    )
+
 REFCHANGE_HEADER_TEMPLATE = """\
 Date: %(send_date)s
 To: %(recipients)s
 Subject: %(subject)s
 MIME-Version: 1.0
-Content-Type: text/plain; charset=%(charset)s
+Content-Type: text/%(contenttype)s; charset=%(charset)s
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 Message-ID: %(msgid)s
 From: %(fromaddr)s
@@ -115,6 +196,8 @@ X-Git-Refname: %(refname)s
 X-Git-Reftype: %(refname_type)s
 X-Git-Oldrev: %(oldrev)s
 X-Git-Newrev: %(newrev)s
+X-Git-NotificationType: ref_changed
+X-Git-Multimail-Version: %(multimail_version)s
 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated
 """
 
@@ -143,8 +226,8 @@ reference pointing at a previous point in the repository history.
             \\
              O -- O -- O   (%(oldrev_short)s)
 
-Any revisions marked "omits" are not gone; other references still
-refer to them.  Any revisions marked "discards" are gone forever.
+Any revisions marked "omit" are not gone; other references still
+refer to them.  Any revisions marked "discard" are gone forever.
 """
 
 
@@ -163,8 +246,8 @@ You should already have received notification emails for all of the O
 revisions, and so the following emails describe only the N revisions
 from the common base, B.
 
-Any revisions marked "omits" are not gone; other references still
-refer to them.  Any revisions marked "discards" are gone forever.
+Any revisions marked "omit" are not gone; other references still
+refer to them.  Any revisions marked "discard" are gone forever.
 """
 
 
@@ -188,22 +271,22 @@ from the repository.
 NEW_REVISIONS_TEMPLATE = """\
 The %(tot)s revisions listed above as "new" are entirely new to this
 repository and will be described in separate emails.  The revisions
-listed as "adds" were already present in the repository and have only
+listed as "add" were already present in the repository and have only
 been added to this reference.
 
 """
 
 
 TAG_CREATED_TEMPLATE = """\
-        at  %(newrev_short)-9s (%(newrev_type)s)
+      at %(newrev_short)-8s (%(newrev_type)s)
 """
 
 
 TAG_UPDATED_TEMPLATE = """\
 *** WARNING: tag %(short_refname)s was modified! ***
 
-      from  %(oldrev_short)-9s (%(oldrev_type)s)
-        to  %(newrev_short)-9s (%(newrev_type)s)
+    from %(oldrev_short)-8s (%(oldrev_type)s)
+      to %(newrev_short)-8s (%(newrev_type)s)
 """
 
 
@@ -216,7 +299,7 @@ TAG_DELETED_TEMPLATE = """\
 # The template used in summary tables.  It looks best if this uses the
 # same alignment as TAG_CREATED_TEMPLATE and TAG_UPDATED_TEMPLATE.
 BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE = """\
-%(action)10s  %(rev_short)-9s %(text)s
+%(action)8s %(rev_short)-8s %(text)s
 """
 
 
@@ -230,9 +313,10 @@ how to provide full information about this reference change.
 REVISION_HEADER_TEMPLATE = """\
 Date: %(send_date)s
 To: %(recipients)s
+Cc: %(cc_recipients)s
 Subject: %(emailprefix)s%(num)02d/%(tot)02d: %(oneline)s
 MIME-Version: 1.0
-Content-Type: text/plain; charset=%(charset)s
+Content-Type: text/%(contenttype)s; charset=%(charset)s
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 From: %(fromaddr)s
 Reply-To: %(reply_to)s
@@ -243,6 +327,8 @@ X-Git-Repo: %(repo_shortname)s
 X-Git-Refname: %(refname)s
 X-Git-Reftype: %(refname_type)s
 X-Git-Rev: %(rev)s
+X-Git-NotificationType: diff
+X-Git-Multimail-Version: %(multimail_version)s
 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated
 """
 
@@ -254,10 +340,54 @@ in repository %(repo_shortname)s.
 
 """
 
+LINK_TEXT_TEMPLATE = """\
+View the commit online:
+%(browse_url)s
+
+"""
+
+LINK_HTML_TEMPLATE = """\
+<p><a href="%(browse_url)s">View the commit online</a>.</p>
+"""
+
 
 REVISION_FOOTER_TEMPLATE = FOOTER_TEMPLATE
 
 
+# Combined, meaning refchange+revision email (for single-commit additions)
+COMBINED_HEADER_TEMPLATE = """\
+Date: %(send_date)s
+To: %(recipients)s
+Subject: %(subject)s
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: text/%(contenttype)s; charset=%(charset)s
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+Message-ID: %(msgid)s
+From: %(fromaddr)s
+Reply-To: %(reply_to)s
+X-Git-Host: %(fqdn)s
+X-Git-Repo: %(repo_shortname)s
+X-Git-Refname: %(refname)s
+X-Git-Reftype: %(refname_type)s
+X-Git-Oldrev: %(oldrev)s
+X-Git-Newrev: %(newrev)s
+X-Git-Rev: %(rev)s
+X-Git-NotificationType: ref_changed_plus_diff
+X-Git-Multimail-Version: %(multimail_version)s
+Auto-Submitted: auto-generated
+"""
+
+COMBINED_INTRO_TEMPLATE = """\
+This is an automated email from the git hooks/post-receive script.
+
+%(pusher)s pushed a commit to %(refname_type)s %(short_refname)s
+in repository %(repo_shortname)s.
+
+"""
+
+COMBINED_FOOTER_TEMPLATE = FOOTER_TEMPLATE
+
+
 class CommandError(Exception):
     def __init__(self, cmd, retcode):
         self.cmd = cmd
@@ -314,12 +444,19 @@ def read_git_output(args, input=None, keepends=False, **kw):
 def read_output(cmd, input=None, keepends=False, **kw):
     if input:
         stdin = subprocess.PIPE
+        input = str_to_bytes(input)
     else:
         stdin = None
+    errors = 'strict'
+    if 'errors' in kw:
+        errors = kw['errors']
+        del kw['errors']
     p = subprocess.Popen(
-        cmd, stdin=stdin, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, **kw
+        tuple(str_to_bytes(w) for w in cmd),
+        stdin=stdin, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, **kw
         )
     (out, err) = p.communicate(input)
+    out = bytes_to_str(out, errors=errors)
     retcode = p.wait()
     if retcode:
         raise CommandError(cmd, retcode)
@@ -336,29 +473,81 @@ def read_git_lines(args, keepends=False, **kw):
     return read_git_output(args, keepends=True, **kw).splitlines(keepends)
 
 
+def git_rev_list_ish(cmd, spec, args=None, **kw):
+    """Common functionality for invoking a 'git rev-list'-like command.
+
+    Parameters:
+      * cmd is the Git command to run, e.g., 'rev-list' or 'log'.
+      * spec is a list of revision arguments to pass to the named
+        command.  If None, this function returns an empty list.
+      * args is a list of extra arguments passed to the named command.
+      * All other keyword arguments (if any) are passed to the
+        underlying read_git_lines() function.
+
+    Return the output of the Git command in the form of a list, one
+    entry per output line.
+    """
+    if spec is None:
+        return []
+    if args is None:
+        args = []
+    args = [cmd, '--stdin'] + args
+    spec_stdin = ''.join(s + '\n' for s in spec)
+    return read_git_lines(args, input=spec_stdin, **kw)
+
+
+def git_rev_list(spec, **kw):
+    """Run 'git rev-list' with the given list of revision arguments.
+
+    See git_rev_list_ish() for parameter and return value
+    documentation.
+    """
+    return git_rev_list_ish('rev-list', spec, **kw)
+
+
+def git_log(spec, **kw):
+    """Run 'git log' with the given list of revision arguments.
+
+    See git_rev_list_ish() for parameter and return value
+    documentation.
+    """
+    return git_rev_list_ish('log', spec, **kw)
+
+
 def header_encode(text, header_name=None):
     """Encode and line-wrap the value of an email header field."""
 
-    try:
-        if isinstance(text, str):
-            text = text.decode(ENCODING, 'replace')
-        return Header(text, header_name=header_name).encode()
-    except UnicodeEncodeError:
-        return Header(text, header_name=header_name, charset=CHARSET,
-                      errors='replace').encode()
+    # Convert to unicode, if required.
+    if not isinstance(text, unicode):
+        text = unicode(text, 'utf-8')
+
+    if is_ascii(text):
+        charset = 'ascii'
+    else:
+        charset = 'utf-8'
+
+    return Header(text, header_name=header_name, charset=Charset(charset)).encode()
 
 
 def addr_header_encode(text, header_name=None):
     """Encode and line-wrap the value of an email header field containing
     email addresses."""
 
-    return Header(
-        ', '.join(
-            formataddr((header_encode(name), emailaddr))
-            for name, emailaddr in getaddresses([text])
-            ),
-        header_name=header_name
-        ).encode()
+    # Convert to unicode, if required.
+    if not isinstance(text, unicode):
+        text = unicode(text, 'utf-8')
+
+    text = ', '.join(
+        formataddr((header_encode(name), emailaddr))
+        for name, emailaddr in getaddresses([text])
+        )
+
+    if is_ascii(text):
+        charset = 'ascii'
+    else:
+        charset = 'utf-8'
+
+    return Header(text, header_name=header_name, charset=Charset(charset)).encode()
 
 
 class Config(object):
@@ -385,12 +574,34 @@ class Config(object):
         assert words[-1] == ''
         return words[:-1]
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def add_config_parameters(c):
+        """Add configuration parameters to Git.
+
+        c is either an str or a list of str, each element being of the
+        form 'var=val' or 'var', with the same syntax and meaning as
+        the argument of 'git -c var=val'.
+        """
+        if isinstance(c, str):
+            c = (c,)
+        parameters = os.environ.get('GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS', '')
+        if parameters:
+            parameters += ' '
+        # git expects GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS to be of the form
+        #    "'name1=value1' 'name2=value2' 'name3=value3'"
+        # including everything inside the double quotes (but not the double
+        # quotes themselves).  Spacing is critical.  Also, if a value contains
+        # a literal single quote that quote must be represented using the
+        # four character sequence: '\''
+        parameters += ' '.join("'" + x.replace("'", "'\\''") + "'" for x in c)
+        os.environ['GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS'] = parameters
+
     def get(self, name, default=None):
         try:
             values = self._split(read_git_output(
-                    ['config', '--get', '--null', '%s.%s' % (self.section, name)],
-                    env=self.env, keepends=True,
-                    ))
+                ['config', '--get', '--null', '%s.%s' % (self.section, name)],
+                env=self.env, keepends=True,
+                ))
             assert len(values) == 1
             return values[0]
         except CommandError:
@@ -417,7 +628,8 @@ class Config(object):
                 ['config', '--get-all', '--null', '%s.%s' % (self.section, name)],
                 env=self.env, keepends=True,
                 ))
-        except CommandError, e:
+        except CommandError:
+            t, e, traceback = sys.exc_info()
             if e.retcode == 1:
                 # "the section or key is invalid"; i.e., there is no
                 # value for the specified key.
@@ -425,18 +637,6 @@ class Config(object):
             else:
                 raise
 
-    def get_recipients(self, name, default=None):
-        """Read a recipients list from the configuration.
-
-        Return the result as a comma-separated list of email
-        addresses, or default if the option is unset.  If the setting
-        has multiple values, concatenate them with comma separators."""
-
-        lines = self.get_all(name, default=None)
-        if lines is None:
-            return default
-        return ', '.join(line.strip() for line in lines)
-
     def set(self, name, value):
         read_git_output(
             ['config', '%s.%s' % (self.section, name), value],
@@ -449,16 +649,22 @@ class Config(object):
             env=self.env,
             )
 
-    def has_key(self, name):
+    def __contains__(self, name):
         return self.get_all(name, default=None) is not None
 
+    # We don't use this method anymore internally, but keep it here in
+    # case somebody is calling it from their own code:
+    def has_key(self, name):
+        return name in self
+
     def unset_all(self, name):
         try:
             read_git_output(
                 ['config', '--unset-all', '%s.%s' % (self.section, name)],
                 env=self.env,
                 )
-        except CommandError, e:
+        except CommandError:
+            t, e, traceback = sys.exc_info()
             if e.retcode == 5:
                 # The name doesn't exist, which is what we wanted anyway...
                 pass
@@ -552,7 +758,7 @@ class GitObject(object):
         if not self.sha1:
             raise ValueError('Empty commit has no summary')
 
-        return iter(generate_summaries('--no-walk', self.sha1)).next()
+        return next(iter(generate_summaries('--no-walk', self.sha1)))
 
     def __eq__(self, other):
         return isinstance(other, GitObject) and self.sha1 == other.sha1
@@ -563,6 +769,10 @@ class GitObject(object):
     def __nonzero__(self):
         return bool(self.sha1)
 
+    def __bool__(self):
+        """Python 2 backward compatibility"""
+        return self.__nonzero__()
+
     def __str__(self):
         return self.sha1 or ZEROS
 
@@ -577,19 +787,36 @@ class Change(object):
     def __init__(self, environment):
         self.environment = environment
         self._values = None
+        self._contains_html_diff = False
+
+    def _contains_diff(self):
+        # We do contain a diff, should it be rendered in HTML?
+        if self.environment.commit_email_format == "html":
+            self._contains_html_diff = True
 
     def _compute_values(self):
-        """Return a dictionary {keyword : expansion} for this Change.
+        """Return a dictionary {keyword: expansion} for this Change.
 
         Derived classes overload this method to add more entries to
         the return value.  This method is used internally by
         get_values().  The return value should always be a new
         dictionary."""
 
-        return self.environment.get_values()
+        values = self.environment.get_values()
+        fromaddr = self.environment.get_fromaddr(change=self)
+        if fromaddr is not None:
+            values['fromaddr'] = fromaddr
+        values['multimail_version'] = get_version()
+        return values
+
+    # Aliases usable in template strings. Tuple of pairs (destination,
+    # source).
+    VALUES_ALIAS = (
+        ("id", "newrev"),
+        )
 
     def get_values(self, **extra_values):
-        """Return a dictionary {keyword : expansion} for this Change.
+        """Return a dictionary {keyword: expansion} for this Change.
 
         Return a dictionary mapping keywords to the values that they
         should be expanded to for this Change (used when interpolating
@@ -603,6 +830,9 @@ class Change(object):
         values = self._values.copy()
         if extra_values:
             values.update(extra_values)
+
+        for alias, val in self.VALUES_ALIAS:
+            values[alias] = values[val]
         return values
 
     def expand(self, template, **extra_values):
@@ -615,10 +845,14 @@ class Change(object):
 
         return template % self.get_values(**extra_values)
 
-    def expand_lines(self, template, **extra_values):
+    def expand_lines(self, template, html_escape_val=False, **extra_values):
         """Break template into lines and expand each line."""
 
         values = self.get_values(**extra_values)
+        if html_escape_val:
+            for k in values:
+                if is_string(values[k]):
+                    values[k] = cgi.escape(values[k], True)
         for line in template.splitlines(True):
             yield line % values
 
@@ -629,14 +863,21 @@ class Change(object):
         skip lines that contain references to unknown variables."""
 
         values = self.get_values(**extra_values)
+        if self._contains_html_diff:
+            self._content_type = 'html'
+        else:
+            self._content_type = 'plain'
+        values['contenttype'] = self._content_type
+
         for line in template.splitlines():
-            (name, value) = line.split(':', 1)
+            (name, value) = line.split(': ', 1)
 
             try:
                 value = value % values
-            except KeyError, e:
+            except KeyError:
+                t, e, traceback = sys.exc_info()
                 if DEBUG:
-                    sys.stderr.write(
+                    self.environment.log_warning(
                         'Warning: unknown variable %r in the following line; line skipped:\n'
                         '    %s\n'
                         % (e.args[0], line,)
@@ -656,7 +897,11 @@ class Change(object):
 
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
-    def generate_email_intro(self):
+    def generate_browse_link(self, base_url):
+        """Generate a link to an online repository browser."""
+        return iter(())
+
+    def generate_email_intro(self, html_escape_val=False):
         """Generate the email intro for this Change, a line at a time.
 
         The output will be used as the standard boilerplate at the top
@@ -672,7 +917,7 @@ class Change(object):
 
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
-    def generate_email_footer(self):
+    def generate_email_footer(self, html_escape_val):
         """Generate the footer of the email, a line at a time.
 
         The footer is always included, irrespective of
@@ -680,6 +925,24 @@ class Change(object):
 
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
+    def _wrap_for_html(self, lines):
+        """Wrap the lines in HTML <pre> tag when using HTML format.
+
+        Escape special HTML characters and add <pre> and </pre> tags around
+        the given lines if we should be generating HTML as indicated by
+        self._contains_html_diff being set to true.
+        """
+        if self._contains_html_diff:
+            yield "<pre style='margin:0'>\n"
+
+            for line in lines:
+                yield cgi.escape(line)
+
+            yield '</pre>\n'
+        else:
+            for line in lines:
+                yield line
+
     def generate_email(self, push, body_filter=None, extra_header_values={}):
         """Generate an email describing this change.
 
@@ -695,22 +958,97 @@ class Change(object):
         for line in self.generate_email_header(**extra_header_values):
             yield line
         yield '\n'
-        for line in self.generate_email_intro():
+        html_escape_val = (self.environment.html_in_intro and
+                           self._contains_html_diff)
+        intro = self.generate_email_intro(html_escape_val)
+        if not self.environment.html_in_intro:
+            intro = self._wrap_for_html(intro)
+        for line in intro:
             yield line
 
+        if self.environment.commitBrowseURL:
+            for line in self.generate_browse_link(self.environment.commitBrowseURL):
+                yield line
+
         body = self.generate_email_body(push)
         if body_filter is not None:
             body = body_filter(body)
+
+        diff_started = False
+        if self._contains_html_diff:
+            # "white-space: pre" is the default, but we need to
+            # specify it again in case the message is viewed in a
+            # webmail which wraps it in an element setting white-space
+            # to something else (Zimbra does this and sets
+            # white-space: pre-line).
+            yield '<pre style="white-space: pre; background: #F8F8F8">'
         for line in body:
-            yield line
+            if self._contains_html_diff:
+                # This is very, very naive. It would be much better to really
+                # parse the diff, i.e. look at how many lines do we have in
+                # the hunk headers instead of blindly highlighting everything
+                # that looks like it might be part of a diff.
+                bgcolor = ''
+                fgcolor = ''
+                if line.startswith('--- a/'):
+                    diff_started = True
+                    bgcolor = 'e0e0ff'
+                elif line.startswith('diff ') or line.startswith('index '):
+                    diff_started = True
+                    fgcolor = '808080'
+                elif diff_started:
+                    if line.startswith('+++ '):
+                        bgcolor = 'e0e0ff'
+                    elif line.startswith('@@'):
+                        bgcolor = 'e0e0e0'
+                    elif line.startswith('+'):
+                        bgcolor = 'e0ffe0'
+                    elif line.startswith('-'):
+                        bgcolor = 'ffe0e0'
+                elif line.startswith('commit '):
+                    fgcolor = '808000'
+                elif line.startswith('    '):
+                    fgcolor = '404040'
+
+                # Chop the trailing LF, we don't want it inside <pre>.
+                line = cgi.escape(line[:-1])
+
+                if bgcolor or fgcolor:
+                    style = 'display:block; white-space:pre;'
+                    if bgcolor:
+                        style += 'background:#' + bgcolor + ';'
+                    if fgcolor:
+                        style += 'color:#' + fgcolor + ';'
+                    # Use a <span style='display:block> to color the
+                    # whole line. The newline must be inside the span
+                    # to display properly both in Firefox and in
+                    # text-based browser.
+                    line = "<span style='%s'>%s\n</span>" % (style, line)
+                else:
+                    line = line + '\n'
 
-        for line in self.generate_email_footer():
             yield line
+        if self._contains_html_diff:
+            yield '</pre>'
+        html_escape_val = (self.environment.html_in_footer and
+                           self._contains_html_diff)
+        footer = self.generate_email_footer(html_escape_val)
+        if not self.environment.html_in_footer:
+            footer = self._wrap_for_html(footer)
+        for line in footer:
+            yield line
+
+    def get_specific_fromaddr(self):
+        """For kinds of Changes which specify it, return the kind-specific
+        From address to use."""
+        return None
 
 
 class Revision(Change):
     """A Change consisting of a single git commit."""
 
+    CC_RE = re.compile(r'^\s*C[Cc]:\s*(?P<to>[^#]+@[^\s#]*)\s*(#.*)?$')
+
     def __init__(self, reference_change, rev, num, tot):
         Change.__init__(self, reference_change.environment)
         self.reference_change = reference_change
@@ -722,6 +1060,24 @@ class Revision(Change):
         self.author = read_git_output(['log', '--no-walk', '--format=%aN <%aE>', self.rev.sha1])
         self.recipients = self.environment.get_revision_recipients(self)
 
+        self.cc_recipients = ''
+        if self.environment.get_scancommitforcc():
+            self.cc_recipients = ', '.join(to.strip() for to in self._cc_recipients())
+            if self.cc_recipients:
+                self.environment.log_msg(
+                    'Add %s to CC for %s' % (self.cc_recipients, self.rev.sha1))
+
+    def _cc_recipients(self):
+        cc_recipients = []
+        message = read_git_output(['log', '--no-walk', '--format=%b', self.rev.sha1])
+        lines = message.strip().split('\n')
+        for line in lines:
+            m = re.match(self.CC_RE, line)
+            if m:
+                cc_recipients.append(m.group('to'))
+
+        return cc_recipients
+
     def _compute_values(self):
         values = Change._compute_values(self)
 
@@ -729,16 +1085,23 @@ class Revision(Change):
             ['log', '--format=%s', '--no-walk', self.rev.sha1]
             )
 
+        max_subject_length = self.environment.get_max_subject_length()
+        if max_subject_length > 0 and len(oneline) > max_subject_length:
+            oneline = oneline[:max_subject_length - 6] + ' [...]'
+
         values['rev'] = self.rev.sha1
         values['rev_short'] = self.rev.short
         values['change_type'] = self.change_type
         values['refname'] = self.refname
+        values['newrev'] = self.rev.sha1
         values['short_refname'] = self.reference_change.short_refname
         values['refname_type'] = self.reference_change.refname_type
         values['reply_to_msgid'] = self.reference_change.msgid
         values['num'] = self.num
         values['tot'] = self.tot
         values['recipients'] = self.recipients
+        if self.cc_recipients:
+            values['cc_recipients'] = self.cc_recipients
         values['oneline'] = oneline
         values['author'] = self.author
 
@@ -750,24 +1113,54 @@ class Revision(Change):
 
     def generate_email_header(self, **extra_values):
         for line in self.expand_header_lines(
-            REVISION_HEADER_TEMPLATE, **extra_values
-            ):
+                REVISION_HEADER_TEMPLATE, **extra_values
+                ):
             yield line
 
-    def generate_email_intro(self):
-        for line in self.expand_lines(REVISION_INTRO_TEMPLATE):
+    def generate_browse_link(self, base_url):
+        if '%(' not in base_url:
+            base_url += '%(id)s'
+        url = "".join(self.expand_lines(base_url))
+        if self._content_type == 'html':
+            for line in self.expand_lines(LINK_HTML_TEMPLATE,
+                                          html_escape_val=True,
+                                          browse_url=url):
+                yield line
+        elif self._content_type == 'plain':
+            for line in self.expand_lines(LINK_TEXT_TEMPLATE,
+                                          html_escape_val=False,
+                                          browse_url=url):
+                yield line
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError("Content-type %s unsupported. Please report it as a bug.")
+
+    def generate_email_intro(self, html_escape_val=False):
+        for line in self.expand_lines(REVISION_INTRO_TEMPLATE,
+                                      html_escape_val=html_escape_val):
             yield line
 
     def generate_email_body(self, push):
         """Show this revision."""
 
-        return read_git_lines(
-            ['log'] + self.environment.commitlogopts + ['-1', self.rev.sha1],
-            keepends=True,
-            )
+        for line in read_git_lines(
+                ['log'] + self.environment.commitlogopts + ['-1', self.rev.sha1],
+                keepends=True,
+                errors='replace'):
+            if line.startswith('Date:   ') and self.environment.date_substitute:
+                yield self.environment.date_substitute + line[len('Date:   '):]
+            else:
+                yield line
 
-    def generate_email_footer(self):
-        return self.expand_lines(REVISION_FOOTER_TEMPLATE)
+    def generate_email_footer(self, html_escape_val):
+        return self.expand_lines(REVISION_FOOTER_TEMPLATE,
+                                 html_escape_val=html_escape_val)
+
+    def generate_email(self, push, body_filter=None, extra_header_values={}):
+        self._contains_diff()
+        return Change.generate_email(self, push, body_filter, extra_header_values)
+
+    def get_specific_fromaddr(self):
+        return self.environment.from_commit
 
 
 class ReferenceChange(Change):
@@ -822,26 +1215,26 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
                 klass = BranchChange
             elif area == 'remotes':
                 # Tracking branch:
-                sys.stderr.write(
+                environment.log_warning(
                     '*** Push-update of tracking branch %r\n'
-                    '***  - incomplete email generated.\n'
-                     % (refname,)
+                    '***  - incomplete email generated.'
+                    % (refname,)
                     )
                 klass = OtherReferenceChange
             else:
                 # Some other reference namespace:
-                sys.stderr.write(
+                environment.log_warning(
                     '*** Push-update of strange reference %r\n'
-                    '***  - incomplete email generated.\n'
-                     % (refname,)
+                    '***  - incomplete email generated.'
+                    % (refname,)
                     )
                 klass = OtherReferenceChange
         else:
             # Anything else (is there anything else?)
-            sys.stderr.write(
+            environment.log_warning(
                 '*** Unknown type of update to %r (%s)\n'
-                '***  - incomplete email generated.\n'
-                 % (refname, rev.type,)
+                '***  - incomplete email generated.'
+                % (refname, rev.type,)
                 )
             klass = OtherReferenceChange
 
@@ -854,9 +1247,9 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
     def __init__(self, environment, refname, short_refname, old, new, rev):
         Change.__init__(self, environment)
         self.change_type = {
-            (False, True) : 'create',
-            (True, True) : 'update',
-            (True, False) : 'delete',
+            (False, True): 'create',
+            (True, True): 'update',
+            (True, False): 'delete',
             }[bool(old), bool(new)]
         self.refname = refname
         self.short_refname = short_refname
@@ -865,10 +1258,16 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
         self.rev = rev
         self.msgid = make_msgid()
         self.diffopts = environment.diffopts
+        self.graphopts = environment.graphopts
         self.logopts = environment.logopts
         self.commitlogopts = environment.commitlogopts
+        self.showgraph = environment.refchange_showgraph
         self.showlog = environment.refchange_showlog
 
+        self.header_template = REFCHANGE_HEADER_TEMPLATE
+        self.intro_template = REFCHANGE_INTRO_TEMPLATE
+        self.footer_template = FOOTER_TEMPLATE
+
     def _compute_values(self):
         values = Change._compute_values(self)
 
@@ -894,11 +1293,39 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
 
         return values
 
+    def send_single_combined_email(self, known_added_sha1s):
+        """Determine if a combined refchange/revision email should be sent
+
+        If there is only a single new (non-merge) commit added by a
+        change, it is useful to combine the ReferenceChange and
+        Revision emails into one.  In such a case, return the single
+        revision; otherwise, return None.
+
+        This method is overridden in BranchChange."""
+
+        return None
+
+    def generate_combined_email(self, push, revision, body_filter=None, extra_header_values={}):
+        """Generate an email describing this change AND specified revision.
+
+        Iterate over the lines (including the header lines) of an
+        email describing this change.  If body_filter is not None,
+        then use it to filter the lines that are intended for the
+        email body.
+
+        The extra_header_values field is received as a dict and not as
+        **kwargs, to allow passing other keyword arguments in the
+        future (e.g. passing extra values to generate_email_intro()
+
+        This method is overridden in BranchChange."""
+
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
     def get_subject(self):
         template = {
-            'create' : REF_CREATED_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE,
-            'update' : REF_UPDATED_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE,
-            'delete' : REF_DELETED_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE,
+            'create': REF_CREATED_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE,
+            'update': REF_UPDATED_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE,
+            'delete': REF_DELETED_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE,
             }[self.change_type]
         return self.expand(template)
 
@@ -907,12 +1334,13 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
             extra_values['subject'] = self.get_subject()
 
         for line in self.expand_header_lines(
-            REFCHANGE_HEADER_TEMPLATE, **extra_values
-            ):
+                self.header_template, **extra_values
+                ):
             yield line
 
-    def generate_email_intro(self):
-        for line in self.expand_lines(REFCHANGE_INTRO_TEMPLATE):
+    def generate_email_intro(self, html_escape_val=False):
+        for line in self.expand_lines(self.intro_template,
+                                      html_escape_val=html_escape_val):
             yield line
 
     def generate_email_body(self, push):
@@ -922,9 +1350,9 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
         generate_update_summary() / generate_delete_summary()."""
 
         change_summary = {
-            'create' : self.generate_create_summary,
-            'delete' : self.generate_delete_summary,
-            'update' : self.generate_update_summary,
+            'create': self.generate_create_summary,
+            'delete': self.generate_delete_summary,
+            'update': self.generate_update_summary,
             }[self.change_type](push)
         for line in change_summary:
             yield line
@@ -932,22 +1360,47 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
         for line in self.generate_revision_change_summary(push):
             yield line
 
-    def generate_email_footer(self):
-        return self.expand_lines(FOOTER_TEMPLATE)
+    def generate_email_footer(self, html_escape_val):
+        return self.expand_lines(self.footer_template,
+                                 html_escape_val=html_escape_val)
+
+    def generate_revision_change_graph(self, push):
+        if self.showgraph:
+            args = ['--graph'] + self.graphopts
+            for newold in ('new', 'old'):
+                has_newold = False
+                spec = push.get_commits_spec(newold, self)
+                for line in git_log(spec, args=args, keepends=True):
+                    if not has_newold:
+                        has_newold = True
+                        yield '\n'
+                        yield 'Graph of %s commits:\n\n' % (
+                            {'new': 'new', 'old': 'discarded'}[newold],)
+                    yield '  ' + line
+                if has_newold:
+                    yield '\n'
 
     def generate_revision_change_log(self, new_commits_list):
         if self.showlog:
             yield '\n'
             yield 'Detailed log of new commits:\n\n'
             for line in read_git_lines(
-                    ['log', '--no-walk']
-                    + self.logopts
-                    + new_commits_list
-                    + ['--'],
+                    ['log', '--no-walk'] +
+                    self.logopts +
+                    new_commits_list +
+                    ['--'],
                     keepends=True,
-                ):
+                    ):
                 yield line
 
+    def generate_new_revision_summary(self, tot, new_commits_list, push):
+        for line in self.expand_lines(NEW_REVISIONS_TEMPLATE, tot=tot):
+            yield line
+        for line in self.generate_revision_change_graph(push):
+            yield line
+        for line in self.generate_revision_change_log(new_commits_list):
+            yield line
+
     def generate_revision_change_summary(self, push):
         """Generate a summary of the revisions added/removed by this change."""
 
@@ -960,7 +1413,7 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
             sha1s.reverse()
             tot = len(sha1s)
             new_revisions = [
-                Revision(self, GitObject(sha1), num=i+1, tot=tot)
+                Revision(self, GitObject(sha1), num=i + 1, tot=tot)
                 for (i, sha1) in enumerate(sha1s)
                 ]
 
@@ -973,9 +1426,8 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
                         BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE, action='new', text=subject,
                         )
                 yield '\n'
-                for line in self.expand_lines(NEW_REVISIONS_TEMPLATE, tot=tot):
-                    yield line
-                for line in self.generate_revision_change_log([r.rev.sha1 for r in new_revisions]):
+                for line in self.generate_new_revision_summary(
+                        tot, [r.rev.sha1 for r in new_revisions], push):
                     yield line
             else:
                 for line in self.expand_lines(NO_NEW_REVISIONS_TEMPLATE):
@@ -993,16 +1445,16 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
             # revisions in the summary even though we will not send
             # new notification emails for them.
             adds = list(generate_summaries(
-                    '--topo-order', '--reverse', '%s..%s'
-                    % (self.old.commit_sha1, self.new.commit_sha1,)
-                    ))
+                '--topo-order', '--reverse', '%s..%s'
+                % (self.old.commit_sha1, self.new.commit_sha1,)
+                ))
 
             # List of the revisions that were removed from the branch
             # by this update.  This will be empty except for
             # non-fast-forward updates.
             discards = list(generate_summaries(
-                    '%s..%s' % (self.new.commit_sha1, self.old.commit_sha1,)
-                    ))
+                '%s..%s' % (self.new.commit_sha1, self.old.commit_sha1,)
+                ))
 
             if adds:
                 new_commits_list = push.get_new_commits(self)
@@ -1018,9 +1470,9 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
             if discards and adds:
                 for (sha1, subject) in discards:
                     if sha1 in discarded_commits:
-                        action = 'discards'
+                        action = 'discard'
                     else:
-                        action = 'omits'
+                        action = 'omit'
                     yield self.expand(
                         BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE, action=action,
                         rev_short=sha1, text=subject,
@@ -1029,7 +1481,7 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
                     if sha1 in new_commits:
                         action = 'new'
                     else:
-                        action = 'adds'
+                        action = 'add'
                     yield self.expand(
                         BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE, action=action,
                         rev_short=sha1, text=subject,
@@ -1041,9 +1493,9 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
             elif discards:
                 for (sha1, subject) in discards:
                     if sha1 in discarded_commits:
-                        action = 'discards'
+                        action = 'discard'
                     else:
-                        action = 'omits'
+                        action = 'omit'
                     yield self.expand(
                         BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE, action=action,
                         rev_short=sha1, text=subject,
@@ -1062,7 +1514,7 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
                     if sha1 in new_commits:
                         action = 'new'
                     else:
-                        action = 'adds'
+                        action = 'add'
                     yield self.expand(
                         BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE, action=action,
                         rev_short=sha1, text=subject,
@@ -1071,13 +1523,14 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
             yield '\n'
 
             if new_commits:
-                for line in self.expand_lines(NEW_REVISIONS_TEMPLATE, tot=len(new_commits)):
-                    yield line
-                for line in self.generate_revision_change_log(new_commits_list):
+                for line in self.generate_new_revision_summary(
+                        len(new_commits), new_commits_list, push):
                     yield line
             else:
                 for line in self.expand_lines(NO_NEW_REVISIONS_TEMPLATE):
                     yield line
+                for line in self.generate_revision_change_graph(push):
+                    yield line
 
             # The diffstat is shown from the old revision to the new
             # revision.  This is to show the truth of what happened in
@@ -1089,11 +1542,11 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
             yield '\n'
             yield 'Summary of changes:\n'
             for line in read_git_lines(
-                ['diff-tree']
-                + self.diffopts
-                + ['%s..%s' % (self.old.commit_sha1, self.new.commit_sha1,)],
-                keepends=True,
-                ):
+                    ['diff-tree'] +
+                    self.diffopts +
+                    ['%s..%s' % (self.old.commit_sha1, self.new.commit_sha1,)],
+                    keepends=True,
+                    ):
                 yield line
 
         elif self.old.commit_sha1 and not self.new.commit_sha1:
@@ -1103,7 +1556,7 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
             sha1s = list(push.get_discarded_commits(self))
             tot = len(sha1s)
             discarded_revisions = [
-                Revision(self, GitObject(sha1), num=i+1, tot=tot)
+                Revision(self, GitObject(sha1), num=i + 1, tot=tot)
                 for (i, sha1) in enumerate(sha1s)
                 ]
 
@@ -1114,8 +1567,10 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
                 for r in discarded_revisions:
                     (sha1, subject) = r.rev.get_summary()
                     yield r.expand(
-                        BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE, action='discards', text=subject,
+                        BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE, action='discard', text=subject,
                         )
+                for line in self.generate_revision_change_graph(push):
+                    yield line
             else:
                 for line in self.expand_lines(NO_DISCARDED_REVISIONS_TEMPLATE):
                     yield line
@@ -1150,6 +1605,9 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
             )
         yield '\n'
 
+    def get_specific_fromaddr(self):
+        return self.environment.from_refchange
+
 
 class BranchChange(ReferenceChange):
     refname_type = 'branch'
@@ -1161,6 +1619,159 @@ class BranchChange(ReferenceChange):
             old=old, new=new, rev=rev,
             )
         self.recipients = environment.get_refchange_recipients(self)
+        self._single_revision = None
+
+    def send_single_combined_email(self, known_added_sha1s):
+        if not self.environment.combine_when_single_commit:
+            return None
+
+        # In the sadly-all-too-frequent usecase of people pushing only
+        # one of their commits at a time to a repository, users feel
+        # the reference change summary emails are noise rather than
+        # important signal.  This is because, in this particular
+        # usecase, there is a reference change summary email for each
+        # new commit, and all these summaries do is point out that
+        # there is one new commit (which can readily be inferred by
+        # the existence of the individual revision email that is also
+        # sent).  In such cases, our users prefer there to be a combined
+        # reference change summary/new revision email.
+        #
+        # So, if the change is an update and it doesn't discard any
+        # commits, and it adds exactly one non-merge commit (gerrit
+        # forces a workflow where every commit is individually merged
+        # and the git-multimail hook fired off for just this one
+        # change), then we send a combined refchange/revision email.
+        try:
+            # If this change is a reference update that doesn't discard
+            # any commits...
+            if self.change_type != 'update':
+                return None
+
+            if read_git_lines(
+                    ['merge-base', self.old.sha1, self.new.sha1]
+                    ) != [self.old.sha1]:
+                return None
+
+            # Check if this update introduced exactly one non-merge
+            # commit:
+
+            def split_line(line):
+                """Split line into (sha1, [parent,...])."""
+
+                words = line.split()
+                return (words[0], words[1:])
+
+            # Get the new commits introduced by the push as a list of
+            # (sha1, [parent,...])
+            new_commits = [
+                split_line(line)
+                for line in read_git_lines(
+                    [
+                        'log', '-3', '--format=%H %P',
+                        '%s..%s' % (self.old.sha1, self.new.sha1),
+                        ]
+                    )
+                ]
+
+            if not new_commits:
+                return None
+
+            # If the newest commit is a merge, save it for a later check
+            # but otherwise ignore it
+            merge = None
+            tot = len(new_commits)
+            if len(new_commits[0][1]) > 1:
+                merge = new_commits[0][0]
+                del new_commits[0]
+
+            # Our primary check: we can't combine if more than one commit
+            # is introduced.  We also currently only combine if the new
+            # commit is a non-merge commit, though it may make sense to
+            # combine if it is a merge as well.
+            if not (
+                    len(new_commits) == 1 and
+                    len(new_commits[0][1]) == 1 and
+                    new_commits[0][0] in known_added_sha1s
+                    ):
+                return None
+
+            # We do not want to combine revision and refchange emails if
+            # those go to separate locations.
+            rev = Revision(self, GitObject(new_commits[0][0]), 1, tot)
+            if rev.recipients != self.recipients:
+                return None
+
+            # We ignored the newest commit if it was just a merge of the one
+            # commit being introduced.  But we don't want to ignore that
+            # merge commit it it involved conflict resolutions.  Check that.
+            if merge and merge != read_git_output(['diff-tree', '--cc', merge]):
+                return None
+
+            # We can combine the refchange and one new revision emails
+            # into one.  Return the Revision that a combined email should
+            # be sent about.
+            return rev
+        except CommandError:
+            # Cannot determine number of commits in old..new or new..old;
+            # don't combine reference/revision emails:
+            return None
+
+    def generate_combined_email(self, push, revision, body_filter=None, extra_header_values={}):
+        values = revision.get_values()
+        if extra_header_values:
+            values.update(extra_header_values)
+        if 'subject' not in extra_header_values:
+            values['subject'] = self.expand(COMBINED_REFCHANGE_REVISION_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE, **values)
+
+        self._single_revision = revision
+        self._contains_diff()
+        self.header_template = COMBINED_HEADER_TEMPLATE
+        self.intro_template = COMBINED_INTRO_TEMPLATE
+        self.footer_template = COMBINED_FOOTER_TEMPLATE
+
+        def revision_gen_link(base_url):
+            # revision is used only to generate the body, and
+            # _content_type is set while generating headers. Get it
+            # from the BranchChange object.
+            revision._content_type = self._content_type
+            return revision.generate_browse_link(base_url)
+        self.generate_browse_link = revision_gen_link
+        for line in self.generate_email(push, body_filter, values):
+            yield line
+
+    def generate_email_body(self, push):
+        '''Call the appropriate body generation routine.
+
+        If this is a combined refchange/revision email, the special logic
+        for handling this combined email comes from this function.  For
+        other cases, we just use the normal handling.'''
+
+        # If self._single_revision isn't set; don't override
+        if not self._single_revision:
+            for line in super(BranchChange, self).generate_email_body(push):
+                yield line
+            return
+
+        # This is a combined refchange/revision email; we first provide
+        # some info from the refchange portion, and then call the revision
+        # generate_email_body function to handle the revision portion.
+        adds = list(generate_summaries(
+            '--topo-order', '--reverse', '%s..%s'
+            % (self.old.commit_sha1, self.new.commit_sha1,)
+            ))
+
+        yield self.expand("The following commit(s) were added to %(refname)s by this push:\n")
+        for (sha1, subject) in adds:
+            yield self.expand(
+                BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE, action='new',
+                rev_short=sha1, text=subject,
+                )
+
+        yield self._single_revision.rev.short + " is described below\n"
+        yield '\n'
+
+        for line in self._single_revision.generate_email_body(push):
+            yield line
 
 
 class AnnotatedTagChange(ReferenceChange):
@@ -1204,13 +1815,13 @@ class AnnotatedTagChange(ReferenceChange):
             except CommandError:
                 prevtag = None
             if prevtag:
-                yield '  replaces  %s\n' % (prevtag,)
+                yield ' replaces %s\n' % (prevtag,)
         else:
             prevtag = None
-            yield '    length  %s bytes\n' % (read_git_output(['cat-file', '-s', tagobject]),)
+            yield '  length %s bytes\n' % (read_git_output(['cat-file', '-s', tagobject]),)
 
-        yield ' tagged by  %s\n' % (tagger,)
-        yield '        on  %s\n' % (tagged,)
+        yield '      by %s\n' % (tagger,)
+        yield '      on %s\n' % (tagged,)
         yield '\n'
 
         # Show the content of the tag message; this might contain a
@@ -1327,6 +1938,9 @@ class OtherReferenceChange(ReferenceChange):
 class Mailer(object):
     """An object that can send emails."""
 
+    def __init__(self, environment):
+        self.environment = environment
+
     def send(self, lines, to_addrs):
         """Send an email consisting of lines.
 
@@ -1361,14 +1975,14 @@ class SendMailer(Mailer):
                 'Try setting multimailhook.sendmailCommand.'
                 )
 
-    def __init__(self, command=None, envelopesender=None):
+    def __init__(self, environment, command=None, envelopesender=None):
         """Construct a SendMailer instance.
 
         command should be the command and arguments used to invoke
         sendmail, as a list of strings.  If an envelopesender is
         provided, it will also be passed to the command, via '-f
         envelopesender'."""
-
+        super(SendMailer, self).__init__(environment)
         if command:
             self.command = command[:]
         else:
@@ -1380,22 +1994,28 @@ class SendMailer(Mailer):
     def send(self, lines, to_addrs):
         try:
             p = subprocess.Popen(self.command, stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
-        except OSError, e:
-            sys.stderr.write(
-                '*** Cannot execute command: %s\n' % ' '.join(self.command)
-                + '*** %s\n' % str(e)
-                + '*** Try setting multimailhook.mailer to "smtp"\n'
+        except OSError:
+            self.environment.get_logger().error(
+                '*** Cannot execute command: %s\n' % ' '.join(self.command) +
+                '*** %s\n' % sys.exc_info()[1] +
+                '*** Try setting multimailhook.mailer to "smtp"\n' +
                 '*** to send emails without using the sendmail command.\n'
                 )
             sys.exit(1)
         try:
+            lines = (str_to_bytes(line) for line in lines)
             p.stdin.writelines(lines)
-        except:
-            sys.stderr.write(
+        except Exception:
+            self.environment.get_logger().error(
                 '*** Error while generating commit email\n'
                 '***  - mail sending aborted.\n'
                 )
-            p.terminate()
+            if hasattr(p, 'terminate'):
+                # subprocess.terminate() is not available in Python 2.4
+                p.terminate()
+            else:
+                import signal
+                os.kill(p.pid, signal.SIGTERM)
             raise
         else:
             p.stdin.close()
@@ -1407,36 +2027,140 @@ class SendMailer(Mailer):
 class SMTPMailer(Mailer):
     """Send emails using Python's smtplib."""
 
-    def __init__(self, envelopesender, smtpserver):
+    def __init__(self, environment,
+                 envelopesender, smtpserver,
+                 smtpservertimeout=10.0, smtpserverdebuglevel=0,
+                 smtpencryption='none',
+                 smtpuser='', smtppass='',
+                 smtpcacerts=''
+                 ):
+        super(SMTPMailer, self).__init__(environment)
         if not envelopesender:
-            sys.stderr.write(
+            self.environment.get_logger().error(
                 'fatal: git_multimail: cannot use SMTPMailer without a sender address.\n'
                 'please set either multimailhook.envelopeSender or user.email\n'
                 )
             sys.exit(1)
+        if smtpencryption == 'ssl' and not (smtpuser and smtppass):
+            raise ConfigurationException(
+                'Cannot use SMTPMailer with security option ssl '
+                'without options username and password.'
+                )
         self.envelopesender = envelopesender
         self.smtpserver = smtpserver
+        self.smtpservertimeout = smtpservertimeout
+        self.smtpserverdebuglevel = smtpserverdebuglevel
+        self.security = smtpencryption
+        self.username = smtpuser
+        self.password = smtppass
+        self.smtpcacerts = smtpcacerts
         try:
-            self.smtp = smtplib.SMTP(self.smtpserver)
-        except Exception, e:
-            sys.stderr.write('*** Error establishing SMTP connection to %s***\n' % self.smtpserver)
-            sys.stderr.write('*** %s\n' % str(e))
+            def call(klass, server, timeout):
+                try:
+                    return klass(server, timeout=timeout)
+                except TypeError:
+                    # Old Python versions do not have timeout= argument.
+                    return klass(server)
+            if self.security == 'none':
+                self.smtp = call(smtplib.SMTP, self.smtpserver, timeout=self.smtpservertimeout)
+            elif self.security == 'ssl':
+                if self.smtpcacerts:
+                    raise smtplib.SMTPException(
+                        "Checking certificate is not supported for ssl, prefer starttls"
+                        )
+                self.smtp = call(smtplib.SMTP_SSL, self.smtpserver, timeout=self.smtpservertimeout)
+            elif self.security == 'tls':
+                if 'ssl' not in sys.modules:
+                    self.environment.get_logger().error(
+                        '*** Your Python version does not have the ssl library installed\n'
+                        '*** smtpEncryption=tls is not available.\n'
+                        '*** Either upgrade Python to 2.6 or later\n'
+                        '    or use git_multimail.py version 1.2.\n')
+                if ':' not in self.smtpserver:
+                    self.smtpserver += ':587'  # default port for TLS
+                self.smtp = call(smtplib.SMTP, self.smtpserver, timeout=self.smtpservertimeout)
+                # start: ehlo + starttls
+                # equivalent to
+                #     self.smtp.ehlo()
+                #     self.smtp.starttls()
+                # with acces to the ssl layer
+                self.smtp.ehlo()
+                if not self.smtp.has_extn("starttls"):
+                    raise smtplib.SMTPException("STARTTLS extension not supported by server")
+                resp, reply = self.smtp.docmd("STARTTLS")
+                if resp != 220:
+                    raise smtplib.SMTPException("Wrong answer to the STARTTLS command")
+                if self.smtpcacerts:
+                    self.smtp.sock = ssl.wrap_socket(
+                        self.smtp.sock,
+                        ca_certs=self.smtpcacerts,
+                        cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+                        )
+                else:
+                    self.smtp.sock = ssl.wrap_socket(
+                        self.smtp.sock,
+                        cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_NONE
+                        )
+                    self.environment.get_logger().error(
+                        '*** Warning, the server certificat is not verified (smtp) ***\n'
+                        '***          set the option smtpCACerts                   ***\n'
+                        )
+                if not hasattr(self.smtp.sock, "read"):
+                    # using httplib.FakeSocket with Python 2.5.x or earlier
+                    self.smtp.sock.read = self.smtp.sock.recv
+                self.smtp.file = smtplib.SSLFakeFile(self.smtp.sock)
+                self.smtp.helo_resp = None
+                self.smtp.ehlo_resp = None
+                self.smtp.esmtp_features = {}
+                self.smtp.does_esmtp = 0
+                # end:   ehlo + starttls
+                self.smtp.ehlo()
+            else:
+                sys.stdout.write('*** Error: Control reached an invalid option. ***')
+                sys.exit(1)
+            if self.smtpserverdebuglevel > 0:
+                sys.stdout.write(
+                    "*** Setting debug on for SMTP server connection (%s) ***\n"
+                    % self.smtpserverdebuglevel)
+                self.smtp.set_debuglevel(self.smtpserverdebuglevel)
+        except Exception:
+            self.environment.get_logger().error(
+                '*** Error establishing SMTP connection to %s ***\n'
+                '*** %s\n'
+                % (self.smtpserver, sys.exc_info()[1]))
             sys.exit(1)
 
     def __del__(self):
-        self.smtp.quit()
+        if hasattr(self, 'smtp'):
+            self.smtp.quit()
+            del self.smtp
 
     def send(self, lines, to_addrs):
         try:
+            if self.username or self.password:
+                self.smtp.login(self.username, self.password)
             msg = ''.join(lines)
             # turn comma-separated list into Python list if needed.
-            if isinstance(to_addrs, basestring):
+            if is_string(to_addrs):
                 to_addrs = [email for (name, email) in getaddresses([to_addrs])]
             self.smtp.sendmail(self.envelopesender, to_addrs, msg)
-        except Exception, e:
-            sys.stderr.write('*** Error sending email***\n')
-            sys.stderr.write('*** %s\n' % str(e))
-            self.smtp.quit()
+        except smtplib.SMTPResponseException:
+            err = sys.exc_info()[1]
+            self.environment.get_logger().error(
+                '*** Error sending email ***\n'
+                '*** Error %d: %s\n'
+                % (err.smtp_code, bytes_to_str(err.smtp_error)))
+            try:
+                smtp = self.smtp
+                # delete the field before quit() so that in case of
+                # error, self.smtp is deleted anyway.
+                del self.smtp
+                smtp.quit()
+            except:
+                self.environment.get_logger().error(
+                    '*** Error closing the SMTP connection ***\n'
+                    '*** Exiting anyway ... ***\n'
+                    '*** %s\n' % sys.exc_info()[1])
             sys.exit(1)
 
 
@@ -1451,9 +2175,10 @@ class OutputMailer(Mailer):
         self.f = f
 
     def send(self, lines, to_addrs):
-        self.f.write(self.SEPARATOR)
-        self.f.writelines(lines)
-        self.f.write(self.SEPARATOR)
+        write_str(self.f, self.SEPARATOR)
+        for line in lines:
+            write_str(self.f, line)
+        write_str(self.f, self.SEPARATOR)
 
 
 def get_git_dir():
@@ -1519,11 +2244,13 @@ class Environment(object):
             Return the address to be used as the 'From' email address
             in the email envelope.
 
-        get_fromaddr()
+        get_fromaddr(change=None)
 
             Return the 'From' email address used in the email 'From:'
-            headers.  (May be a full RFC 2822 email address like 'Joe
-            User <user@example.com>'.)
+            headers.  If the change is known when this function is
+            called, it is passed in as the 'change' parameter.  (May
+            be a full RFC 2822 email address like 'Joe User
+            <user@example.com>'.)
 
         get_administrator()
 
@@ -1543,12 +2270,46 @@ class Environment(object):
             get_reply_to_commit() is used for individual commit
             emails.
 
+        get_ref_filter_regex()
+
+            Return a tuple -- a compiled regex, and a boolean indicating
+            whether the regex picks refs to include (if False, the regex
+            matches on refs to exclude).
+
+        get_default_ref_ignore_regex()
+
+            Return a regex that should be ignored for both what emails
+            to send and when computing what commits are considered new
+            to the repository.  Default is "^refs/notes/".
+
+        get_max_subject_length()
+
+            Return an int giving the maximal length for the subject
+            (git log --oneline).
+
     They should also define the following attributes:
 
         announce_show_shortlog (bool)
 
             True iff announce emails should include a shortlog.
 
+        commit_email_format (string)
+
+            If "html", generate commit emails in HTML instead of plain text
+            used by default.
+
+        html_in_intro (bool)
+        html_in_footer (bool)
+
+            When generating HTML emails, the introduction (respectively,
+            the footer) will be HTML-escaped iff html_in_intro (respectively,
+            the footer) is true. When false, only the values used to expand
+            the template are escaped.
+
+        refchange_showgraph (bool)
+
+            True iff refchanges emails should include a detailed graph.
+
         refchange_showlog (bool)
 
             True iff refchanges emails should include a detailed log.
@@ -1559,6 +2320,12 @@ class Environment(object):
             summary email.  The value should be a list of strings
             representing words to be passed to the command.
 
+        graphopts (list of strings)
+
+            Analogous to diffopts, but contains options passed to
+            'git log --graph' when generating the detailed graph for
+            a set of commits (see refchange_showgraph)
+
         logopts (list of strings)
 
             Analogous to diffopts, but contains options passed to
@@ -1571,6 +2338,38 @@ class Environment(object):
             commit mail.  The value should be a list of strings
             representing words to be passed to the command.
 
+        date_substitute (string)
+
+            String to be used in substitution for 'Date:' at start of
+            line in the output of 'git log'.
+
+        quiet (bool)
+            On success do not write to stderr
+
+        stdout (bool)
+            Write email to stdout rather than emailing. Useful for debugging
+
+        combine_when_single_commit (bool)
+
+            True if a combined email should be produced when a single
+            new commit is pushed to a branch, False otherwise.
+
+        from_refchange, from_commit (strings)
+
+            Addresses to use for the From: field for refchange emails
+            and commit emails respectively.  Set from
+            multimailhook.fromRefchange and multimailhook.fromCommit
+            by ConfigEnvironmentMixin.
+
+        log_file, error_log_file, debug_log_file (string)
+
+            Name of a file to which logs should be sent.
+
+        verbose (int)
+
+            How verbose the system should be.
+            - 0 (default): show info, errors, ...
+            - 1 : show basic debug info
     """
 
     REPO_NAME_RE = re.compile(r'^(?P<name>.+?)(?:\.git)$')
@@ -1578,17 +2377,27 @@ class Environment(object):
     def __init__(self, osenv=None):
         self.osenv = osenv or os.environ
         self.announce_show_shortlog = False
+        self.commit_email_format = "text"
+        self.html_in_intro = False
+        self.html_in_footer = False
+        self.commitBrowseURL = None
         self.maxcommitemails = 500
         self.diffopts = ['--stat', '--summary', '--find-copies-harder']
+        self.graphopts = ['--oneline', '--decorate']
         self.logopts = []
+        self.refchange_showgraph = False
         self.refchange_showlog = False
         self.commitlogopts = ['-C', '--stat', '-p', '--cc']
+        self.date_substitute = 'AuthorDate: '
+        self.quiet = False
+        self.stdout = False
+        self.combine_when_single_commit = True
+        self.logger = None
 
         self.COMPUTED_KEYS = [
             'administrator',
             'charset',
             'emailprefix',
-            'fromaddr',
             'pusher',
             'pusher_email',
             'repo_path',
@@ -1598,6 +2407,12 @@ class Environment(object):
 
         self._values = None
 
+    def get_logger(self):
+        """Get (possibly creates) the logger associated to this environment."""
+        if self.logger is None:
+            self.logger = Logger(self)
+        return self.logger
+
     def get_repo_shortname(self):
         """Use the last part of the repo path, with ".git" stripped off if present."""
 
@@ -1614,6 +2429,14 @@ class Environment(object):
     def get_pusher_email(self):
         return None
 
+    def get_fromaddr(self, change=None):
+        config = Config('user')
+        fromname = config.get('name', default='')
+        fromemail = config.get('email', default='')
+        if fromemail:
+            return formataddr([fromname, fromemail])
+        return self.get_sender()
+
     def get_administrator(self):
         return 'the administrator of this repository'
 
@@ -1631,7 +2454,7 @@ class Environment(object):
         return CHARSET
 
     def get_values(self):
-        """Return a dictionary {keyword : expansion} for this Environment.
+        """Return a dictionary {keyword: expansion} for this Environment.
 
         This method is called by Change._compute_values().  The keys
         in the returned dictionary are available to be used in any of
@@ -1641,7 +2464,7 @@ class Environment(object):
         The return value is always a new dictionary."""
 
         if self._values is None:
-            values = {}
+            values = {'': ''}  # %()s expands to the empty string.
 
             for key in self.COMPUTED_KEYS:
                 value = getattr(self, 'get_%s' % (key,))()
@@ -1688,6 +2511,20 @@ class Environment(object):
     def get_reply_to_commit(self, revision):
         return revision.author
 
+    def get_default_ref_ignore_regex(self):
+        # The commit messages of git notes are essentially meaningless
+        # and "filenames" in git notes commits are an implementational
+        # detail that might surprise users at first.  As such, we
+        # would need a completely different method for handling emails
+        # of git notes in order for them to be of benefit for users,
+        # which we simply do not have right now.
+        return "^refs/notes/"
+
+    def get_max_subject_length(self):
+        """Return the maximal subject line (git log --oneline) length.
+        Longer subject lines will be truncated."""
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
     def filter_body(self, lines):
         """Filter the lines intended for an email body.
 
@@ -1699,6 +2536,27 @@ class Environment(object):
 
         return lines
 
+    def log_msg(self, msg):
+        """Write the string msg on a log file or on stderr.
+
+        Sends the text to stderr by default, override to change the behavior."""
+        self.get_logger().info(msg)
+
+    def log_warning(self, msg):
+        """Write the string msg on a log file or on stderr.
+
+        Sends the text to stderr by default, override to change the behavior."""
+        self.get_logger().warning(msg)
+
+    def log_error(self, msg):
+        """Write the string msg on a log file or on stderr.
+
+        Sends the text to stderr by default, override to change the behavior."""
+        self.get_logger().error(msg)
+
+    def check(self):
+        pass
+
 
 class ConfigEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
     """A mixin that sets self.config to its constructor's config argument.
@@ -1718,33 +2576,70 @@ class ConfigEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
 class ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin(ConfigEnvironmentMixin):
     """An Environment that reads most of its information from "git config"."""
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def forbid_field_values(name, value, forbidden):
+        for forbidden_val in forbidden:
+            if value is not None and value.lower() == forbidden:
+                raise ConfigurationException(
+                    '"%s" is not an allowed setting for %s' % (value, name)
+                    )
+
     def __init__(self, config, **kw):
         super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(
             config=config, **kw
             )
 
-        self.announce_show_shortlog = config.get_bool(
-            'announceshortlog', default=self.announce_show_shortlog
-            )
+        for var, cfg in (
+                ('announce_show_shortlog', 'announceshortlog'),
+                ('refchange_showgraph', 'refchangeShowGraph'),
+                ('refchange_showlog', 'refchangeshowlog'),
+                ('quiet', 'quiet'),
+                ('stdout', 'stdout'),
+                ):
+            val = config.get_bool(cfg)
+            if val is not None:
+                setattr(self, var, val)
+
+        commit_email_format = config.get('commitEmailFormat')
+        if commit_email_format is not None:
+            if commit_email_format != "html" and commit_email_format != "text":
+                self.log_warning(
+                    '*** Unknown value for multimailhook.commitEmailFormat: %s\n' %
+                    commit_email_format +
+                    '*** Expected either "text" or "html".  Ignoring.\n'
+                    )
+            else:
+                self.commit_email_format = commit_email_format
 
-        self.refchange_showlog = config.get_bool(
-            'refchangeshowlog', default=self.refchange_showlog
-            )
+        html_in_intro = config.get_bool('htmlInIntro')
+        if html_in_intro is not None:
+            self.html_in_intro = html_in_intro
+
+        html_in_footer = config.get_bool('htmlInFooter')
+        if html_in_footer is not None:
+            self.html_in_footer = html_in_footer
+
+        self.commitBrowseURL = config.get('commitBrowseURL')
 
         maxcommitemails = config.get('maxcommitemails')
         if maxcommitemails is not None:
             try:
                 self.maxcommitemails = int(maxcommitemails)
             except ValueError:
-                sys.stderr.write(
-                    '*** Malformed value for multimailhook.maxCommitEmails: %s\n' % maxcommitemails
-                    + '*** Expected a number.  Ignoring.\n'
+                self.log_warning(
+                    '*** Malformed value for multimailhook.maxCommitEmails: %s\n'
+                    % maxcommitemails +
+                    '*** Expected a number.  Ignoring.\n'
                     )
 
         diffopts = config.get('diffopts')
         if diffopts is not None:
             self.diffopts = shlex.split(diffopts)
 
+        graphopts = config.get('graphOpts')
+        if graphopts is not None:
+            self.graphopts = shlex.split(graphopts)
+
         logopts = config.get('logopts')
         if logopts is not None:
             self.logopts = shlex.split(logopts)
@@ -1753,80 +2648,122 @@ class ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin(ConfigEnvironmentMixin):
         if commitlogopts is not None:
             self.commitlogopts = shlex.split(commitlogopts)
 
+        date_substitute = config.get('dateSubstitute')
+        if date_substitute == 'none':
+            self.date_substitute = None
+        elif date_substitute is not None:
+            self.date_substitute = date_substitute
+
         reply_to = config.get('replyTo')
         self.__reply_to_refchange = config.get('replyToRefchange', default=reply_to)
-        if (
-            self.__reply_to_refchange is not None
-            and self.__reply_to_refchange.lower() == 'author'
-            ):
-            raise ConfigurationException(
-                '"author" is not an allowed setting for replyToRefchange'
-                )
+        self.forbid_field_values('replyToRefchange',
+                                 self.__reply_to_refchange,
+                                 ['author'])
         self.__reply_to_commit = config.get('replyToCommit', default=reply_to)
 
+        self.from_refchange = config.get('fromRefchange')
+        self.forbid_field_values('fromRefchange',
+                                 self.from_refchange,
+                                 ['author', 'none'])
+        self.from_commit = config.get('fromCommit')
+        self.forbid_field_values('fromCommit',
+                                 self.from_commit,
+                                 ['none'])
+
+        combine = config.get_bool('combineWhenSingleCommit')
+        if combine is not None:
+            self.combine_when_single_commit = combine
+
+        self.log_file = config.get('logFile', default=None)
+        self.error_log_file = config.get('errorLogFile', default=None)
+        self.debug_log_file = config.get('debugLogFile', default=None)
+        if config.get_bool('Verbose', default=False):
+            self.verbose = 1
+        else:
+            self.verbose = 0
+
     def get_administrator(self):
         return (
-            self.config.get('administrator')
-            or self.get_sender()
-            or super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_administrator()
+            self.config.get('administrator') or
+            self.get_sender() or
+            super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_administrator()
             )
 
     def get_repo_shortname(self):
         return (
-            self.config.get('reponame')
-            or super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_repo_shortname()
+            self.config.get('reponame') or
+            super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_repo_shortname()
             )
 
     def get_emailprefix(self):
         emailprefix = self.config.get('emailprefix')
-        if emailprefix and emailprefix.strip():
-            return emailprefix.strip() + ' '
+        if emailprefix is not None:
+            emailprefix = emailprefix.strip()
+            if emailprefix:
+                emailprefix += ' '
         else:
-            return '[%s] ' % (self.get_repo_shortname(),)
+            emailprefix = '[%(repo_shortname)s] '
+        short_name = self.get_repo_shortname()
+        try:
+            return emailprefix % {'repo_shortname': short_name}
+        except:
+            self.get_logger().error(
+                '*** Invalid multimailhook.emailPrefix: %s\n' % emailprefix +
+                '*** %s\n' % sys.exc_info()[1] +
+                "*** Only the '%(repo_shortname)s' placeholder is allowed\n"
+                )
+            raise ConfigurationException(
+                '"%s" is not an allowed setting for emailPrefix' % emailprefix
+                )
 
     def get_sender(self):
         return self.config.get('envelopesender')
 
-    def get_fromaddr(self):
+    def process_addr(self, addr, change):
+        if addr.lower() == 'author':
+            if hasattr(change, 'author'):
+                return change.author
+            else:
+                return None
+        elif addr.lower() == 'pusher':
+            return self.get_pusher_email()
+        elif addr.lower() == 'none':
+            return None
+        else:
+            return addr
+
+    def get_fromaddr(self, change=None):
         fromaddr = self.config.get('from')
+        if change:
+            specific_fromaddr = change.get_specific_fromaddr()
+            if specific_fromaddr:
+                fromaddr = specific_fromaddr
+        if fromaddr:
+            fromaddr = self.process_addr(fromaddr, change)
         if fromaddr:
             return fromaddr
-        else:
-            config = Config('user')
-            fromname = config.get('name', default='')
-            fromemail = config.get('email', default='')
-            if fromemail:
-                return formataddr([fromname, fromemail])
-            else:
-                return self.get_sender()
+        return super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_fromaddr(change)
 
     def get_reply_to_refchange(self, refchange):
         if self.__reply_to_refchange is None:
             return super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_reply_to_refchange(refchange)
-        elif self.__reply_to_refchange.lower() == 'pusher':
-            return self.get_pusher_email()
-        elif self.__reply_to_refchange.lower() == 'none':
-            return None
         else:
-            return self.__reply_to_refchange
+            return self.process_addr(self.__reply_to_refchange, refchange)
 
     def get_reply_to_commit(self, revision):
         if self.__reply_to_commit is None:
             return super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_reply_to_commit(revision)
-        elif self.__reply_to_commit.lower() == 'author':
-            return revision.get_author()
-        elif self.__reply_to_commit.lower() == 'pusher':
-            return self.get_pusher_email()
-        elif self.__reply_to_commit.lower() == 'none':
-            return None
         else:
-            return self.__reply_to_commit
+            return self.process_addr(self.__reply_to_commit, revision)
+
+    def get_scancommitforcc(self):
+        return self.config.get('scancommitforcc')
 
 
 class FilterLinesEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
     """Handle encoding and maximum line length of body lines.
 
-        emailmaxlinelength (int or None)
+        email_max_line_length (int or None)
 
             The maximum length of any single line in the email body.
             Longer lines are truncated at that length with ' [...]'
@@ -1841,30 +2778,38 @@ class FilterLinesEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
 
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, strict_utf8=True, emailmaxlinelength=500, **kw):
+    def __init__(self, strict_utf8=True,
+                 email_max_line_length=500, max_subject_length=500,
+                 **kw):
         super(FilterLinesEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(**kw)
         self.__strict_utf8 = strict_utf8
-        self.__emailmaxlinelength = emailmaxlinelength
+        self.__email_max_line_length = email_max_line_length
+        self.__max_subject_length = max_subject_length
 
     def filter_body(self, lines):
         lines = super(FilterLinesEnvironmentMixin, self).filter_body(lines)
         if self.__strict_utf8:
-            lines = (line.decode(ENCODING, 'replace') for line in lines)
+            if not PYTHON3:
+                lines = (line.decode(ENCODING, 'replace') for line in lines)
             # Limit the line length in Unicode-space to avoid
             # splitting characters:
-            if self.__emailmaxlinelength:
-                lines = limit_linelength(lines, self.__emailmaxlinelength)
-            lines = (line.encode(ENCODING, 'replace') for line in lines)
-        elif self.__emailmaxlinelength:
-            lines = limit_linelength(lines, self.__emailmaxlinelength)
+            if self.__email_max_line_length > 0:
+                lines = limit_linelength(lines, self.__email_max_line_length)
+            if not PYTHON3:
+                lines = (line.encode(ENCODING, 'replace') for line in lines)
+        elif self.__email_max_line_length:
+            lines = limit_linelength(lines, self.__email_max_line_length)
 
         return lines
 
+    def get_max_subject_length(self):
+        return self.__max_subject_length
+
 
 class ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin(
-    ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
-    FilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
-    ):
+        ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
+        FilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
+        ):
     """Handle encoding and maximum line length based on config."""
 
     def __init__(self, config, **kw):
@@ -1872,9 +2817,13 @@ class ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin(
         if strict_utf8 is not None:
             kw['strict_utf8'] = strict_utf8
 
-        emailmaxlinelength = config.get('emailmaxlinelength')
-        if emailmaxlinelength is not None:
-            kw['emailmaxlinelength'] = int(emailmaxlinelength)
+        email_max_line_length = config.get('emailmaxlinelength')
+        if email_max_line_length is not None:
+            kw['email_max_line_length'] = int(email_max_line_length)
+
+        max_subject_length = config.get('subjectMaxLength', default=email_max_line_length)
+        if max_subject_length is not None:
+            kw['max_subject_length'] = int(max_subject_length)
 
         super(ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(
             config=config, **kw
@@ -1890,15 +2839,15 @@ class MaxlinesEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
 
     def filter_body(self, lines):
         lines = super(MaxlinesEnvironmentMixin, self).filter_body(lines)
-        if self.__emailmaxlines:
+        if self.__emailmaxlines > 0:
             lines = limit_lines(lines, self.__emailmaxlines)
         return lines
 
 
 class ConfigMaxlinesEnvironmentMixin(
-    ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
-    MaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
-    ):
+        ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
+        MaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
+        ):
     """Limit the email body to the number of lines specified in config."""
 
     def __init__(self, config, **kw):
@@ -1927,9 +2876,9 @@ class FQDNEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
 
 
 class ConfigFQDNEnvironmentMixin(
-    ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
-    FQDNEnvironmentMixin,
-    ):
+        ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
+        FQDNEnvironmentMixin,
+        ):
     """Read the FQDN from the config."""
 
     def __init__(self, config, **kw):
@@ -1970,10 +2919,10 @@ class StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
     """Set recipients statically based on constructor parameters."""
 
     def __init__(
-        self,
-        refchange_recipients, announce_recipients, revision_recipients,
-        **kw
-        ):
+            self,
+            refchange_recipients, announce_recipients, revision_recipients, scancommitforcc,
+            **kw
+            ):
         super(StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(**kw)
 
         # The recipients for various types of notification emails, as
@@ -1983,28 +2932,68 @@ class StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
         # actual *contents* of the change being reported, we only
         # choose based on the *type* of the change.  Therefore we can
         # compute them once and for all:
-        if not (refchange_recipients
-                or announce_recipients
-                or revision_recipients):
-            raise ConfigurationException('No email recipients configured!')
         self.__refchange_recipients = refchange_recipients
         self.__announce_recipients = announce_recipients
         self.__revision_recipients = revision_recipients
 
+    def check(self):
+        if not (self.get_refchange_recipients(None) or
+                self.get_announce_recipients(None) or
+                self.get_revision_recipients(None) or
+                self.get_scancommitforcc()):
+            raise ConfigurationException('No email recipients configured!')
+        super(StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin, self).check()
+
     def get_refchange_recipients(self, refchange):
+        if self.__refchange_recipients is None:
+            return super(StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+                         self).get_refchange_recipients(refchange)
         return self.__refchange_recipients
 
     def get_announce_recipients(self, annotated_tag_change):
+        if self.__announce_recipients is None:
+            return super(StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+                         self).get_refchange_recipients(annotated_tag_change)
         return self.__announce_recipients
 
     def get_revision_recipients(self, revision):
+        if self.__revision_recipients is None:
+            return super(StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+                         self).get_refchange_recipients(revision)
         return self.__revision_recipients
 
 
+class CLIRecipientsEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
+    """Mixin storing recipients information coming from the
+    command-line."""
+
+    def __init__(self, cli_recipients=None, **kw):
+        super(CLIRecipientsEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(**kw)
+        self.__cli_recipients = cli_recipients
+
+    def get_refchange_recipients(self, refchange):
+        if self.__cli_recipients is None:
+            return super(CLIRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+                         self).get_refchange_recipients(refchange)
+        return self.__cli_recipients
+
+    def get_announce_recipients(self, annotated_tag_change):
+        if self.__cli_recipients is None:
+            return super(CLIRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+                         self).get_announce_recipients(annotated_tag_change)
+        return self.__cli_recipients
+
+    def get_revision_recipients(self, revision):
+        if self.__cli_recipients is None:
+            return super(CLIRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+                         self).get_revision_recipients(revision)
+        return self.__cli_recipients
+
+
 class ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin(
-    ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
-    StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin
-    ):
+        ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
+        StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin
+        ):
     """Determine recipients statically based on config."""
 
     def __init__(self, config, **kw):
@@ -2019,6 +3008,7 @@ class ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin(
             revision_recipients=self._get_recipients(
                 config, 'commitlist', 'mailinglist',
                 ),
+            scancommitforcc=config.get('scancommitforcc'),
             **kw
             )
 
@@ -2034,13 +3024,100 @@ class ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin(
         found, raise a ConfigurationException."""
 
         for name in names:
-            retval = config.get_recipients(name)
-            if retval is not None:
-                return retval
+            lines = config.get_all(name)
+            if lines is not None:
+                lines = [line.strip() for line in lines]
+                # Single "none" is a special value equivalen to empty string.
+                if lines == ['none']:
+                    lines = ['']
+                return ', '.join(lines)
         else:
             return ''
 
 
+class StaticRefFilterEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
+    """Set branch filter statically based on constructor parameters."""
+
+    def __init__(self, ref_filter_incl_regex, ref_filter_excl_regex,
+                 ref_filter_do_send_regex, ref_filter_dont_send_regex,
+                 **kw):
+        super(StaticRefFilterEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(**kw)
+
+        if ref_filter_incl_regex and ref_filter_excl_regex:
+            raise ConfigurationException(
+                "Cannot specify both a ref inclusion and exclusion regex.")
+        self.__is_inclusion_filter = bool(ref_filter_incl_regex)
+        default_exclude = self.get_default_ref_ignore_regex()
+        if ref_filter_incl_regex:
+            ref_filter_regex = ref_filter_incl_regex
+        elif ref_filter_excl_regex:
+            ref_filter_regex = ref_filter_excl_regex + '|' + default_exclude
+        else:
+            ref_filter_regex = default_exclude
+        try:
+            self.__compiled_regex = re.compile(ref_filter_regex)
+        except Exception:
+            raise ConfigurationException(
+                'Invalid Ref Filter Regex "%s": %s' % (ref_filter_regex, sys.exc_info()[1]))
+
+        if ref_filter_do_send_regex and ref_filter_dont_send_regex:
+            raise ConfigurationException(
+                "Cannot specify both a ref doSend and dontSend regex.")
+        self.__is_do_send_filter = bool(ref_filter_do_send_regex)
+        if ref_filter_do_send_regex:
+            ref_filter_send_regex = ref_filter_do_send_regex
+        elif ref_filter_dont_send_regex:
+            ref_filter_send_regex = ref_filter_dont_send_regex
+        else:
+            ref_filter_send_regex = '.*'
+            self.__is_do_send_filter = True
+        try:
+            self.__send_compiled_regex = re.compile(ref_filter_send_regex)
+        except Exception:
+            raise ConfigurationException(
+                'Invalid Ref Filter Regex "%s": %s' %
+                (ref_filter_send_regex, sys.exc_info()[1]))
+
+    def get_ref_filter_regex(self, send_filter=False):
+        if send_filter:
+            return self.__send_compiled_regex, self.__is_do_send_filter
+        else:
+            return self.__compiled_regex, self.__is_inclusion_filter
+
+
+class ConfigRefFilterEnvironmentMixin(
+        ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
+        StaticRefFilterEnvironmentMixin
+        ):
+    """Determine branch filtering statically based on config."""
+
+    def _get_regex(self, config, key):
+        """Get a list of whitespace-separated regex. The refFilter* config
+        variables are multivalued (hence the use of get_all), and we
+        allow each entry to be a whitespace-separated list (hence the
+        split on each line). The whole thing is glued into a single regex."""
+        values = config.get_all(key)
+        if values is None:
+            return values
+        items = []
+        for line in values:
+            for i in line.split():
+                items.append(i)
+        if items == []:
+            return None
+        return '|'.join(items)
+
+    def __init__(self, config, **kw):
+        super(ConfigRefFilterEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(
+            config=config,
+            ref_filter_incl_regex=self._get_regex(config, 'refFilterInclusionRegex'),
+            ref_filter_excl_regex=self._get_regex(config, 'refFilterExclusionRegex'),
+            ref_filter_do_send_regex=self._get_regex(config, 'refFilterDoSendRegex'),
+            ref_filter_dont_send_regex=self._get_regex(config, 'refFilterDontSendRegex'),
+            **kw
+            )
+
+
 class ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
     """Make a "projectdesc" value available for templates.
 
@@ -2067,35 +3144,62 @@ class ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
 
 class GenericEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
     def get_pusher(self):
-        return self.osenv.get('USER', 'unknown user')
+        return self.osenv.get('USER', self.osenv.get('USERNAME', 'unknown user'))
 
 
-class GenericEnvironment(
-    ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin,
-    ConfigMaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
-    ComputeFQDNEnvironmentMixin,
-    ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
-    ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
-    PusherDomainEnvironmentMixin,
-    ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin,
-    GenericEnvironmentMixin,
-    Environment,
-    ):
-    pass
+class GitoliteEnvironmentHighPrecMixin(Environment):
+    def get_pusher(self):
+        return self.osenv.get('GL_USER', 'unknown user')
 
 
-class GitoliteEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
+class GitoliteEnvironmentLowPrecMixin(Environment):
     def get_repo_shortname(self):
         # The gitolite environment variable $GL_REPO is a pretty good
         # repo_shortname (though it's probably not as good as a value
         # the user might have explicitly put in his config).
         return (
-            self.osenv.get('GL_REPO', None)
-            or super(GitoliteEnvironmentMixin, self).get_repo_shortname()
+            self.osenv.get('GL_REPO', None) or
+            super(GitoliteEnvironmentLowPrecMixin, self).get_repo_shortname()
             )
 
-    def get_pusher(self):
-        return self.osenv.get('GL_USER', 'unknown user')
+    def get_fromaddr(self, change=None):
+        GL_USER = self.osenv.get('GL_USER')
+        if GL_USER is not None:
+            # Find the path to gitolite.conf.  Note that gitolite v3
+            # did away with the GL_ADMINDIR and GL_CONF environment
+            # variables (they are now hard-coded).
+            GL_ADMINDIR = self.osenv.get(
+                'GL_ADMINDIR',
+                os.path.expanduser(os.path.join('~', '.gitolite')))
+            GL_CONF = self.osenv.get(
+                'GL_CONF',
+                os.path.join(GL_ADMINDIR, 'conf', 'gitolite.conf'))
+            if os.path.isfile(GL_CONF):
+                f = open(GL_CONF, 'rU')
+                try:
+                    in_user_emails_section = False
+                    re_template = r'^\s*#\s*%s\s*$'
+                    re_begin, re_user, re_end = (
+                        re.compile(re_template % x)
+                        for x in (
+                            r'BEGIN\s+USER\s+EMAILS',
+                            re.escape(GL_USER) + r'\s+(.*)',
+                            r'END\s+USER\s+EMAILS',
+                            ))
+                    for l in f:
+                        l = l.rstrip('\n')
+                        if not in_user_emails_section:
+                            if re_begin.match(l):
+                                in_user_emails_section = True
+                            continue
+                        if re_end.match(l):
+                            break
+                        m = re_user.match(l)
+                        if m:
+                            return m.group(1)
+                finally:
+                    f.close()
+        return super(GitoliteEnvironmentLowPrecMixin, self).get_fromaddr(change)
 
 
 class IncrementalDateTime(object):
@@ -2108,25 +3212,109 @@ class IncrementalDateTime(object):
 
     def __init__(self):
         self.time = time.time()
+        self.next = self.__next__  # Python 2 backward compatibility
 
-    def next(self):
+    def __next__(self):
         formatted = formatdate(self.time, True)
         self.time += 1
         return formatted
 
 
-class GitoliteEnvironment(
-    ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin,
-    ConfigMaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
-    ComputeFQDNEnvironmentMixin,
-    ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
-    ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
-    PusherDomainEnvironmentMixin,
-    ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin,
-    GitoliteEnvironmentMixin,
-    Environment,
-    ):
-    pass
+class StashEnvironmentHighPrecMixin(Environment):
+    def __init__(self, user=None, repo=None, **kw):
+        super(StashEnvironmentHighPrecMixin,
+              self).__init__(user=user, repo=repo, **kw)
+        self.__user = user
+        self.__repo = repo
+
+    def get_pusher(self):
+        return re.match('(.*?)\s*<', self.__user).group(1)
+
+    def get_pusher_email(self):
+        return self.__user
+
+
+class StashEnvironmentLowPrecMixin(Environment):
+    def __init__(self, user=None, repo=None, **kw):
+        super(StashEnvironmentLowPrecMixin, self).__init__(**kw)
+        self.__repo = repo
+        self.__user = user
+
+    def get_repo_shortname(self):
+        return self.__repo
+
+    def get_fromaddr(self, change=None):
+        return self.__user
+
+
+class GerritEnvironmentHighPrecMixin(Environment):
+    def __init__(self, project=None, submitter=None, update_method=None, **kw):
+        super(GerritEnvironmentHighPrecMixin,
+              self).__init__(submitter=submitter, project=project, **kw)
+        self.__project = project
+        self.__submitter = submitter
+        self.__update_method = update_method
+        "Make an 'update_method' value available for templates."
+        self.COMPUTED_KEYS += ['update_method']
+
+    def get_pusher(self):
+        if self.__submitter:
+            if self.__submitter.find('<') != -1:
+                # Submitter has a configured email, we transformed
+                # __submitter into an RFC 2822 string already.
+                return re.match('(.*?)\s*<', self.__submitter).group(1)
+            else:
+                # Submitter has no configured email, it's just his name.
+                return self.__submitter
+        else:
+            # If we arrive here, this means someone pushed "Submit" from
+            # the gerrit web UI for the CR (or used one of the programmatic
+            # APIs to do the same, such as gerrit review) and the
+            # merge/push was done by the Gerrit user.  It was technically
+            # triggered by someone else, but sadly we have no way of
+            # determining who that someone else is at this point.
+            return 'Gerrit'  # 'unknown user'?
+
+    def get_pusher_email(self):
+        if self.__submitter:
+            return self.__submitter
+        else:
+            return super(GerritEnvironmentHighPrecMixin, self).get_pusher_email()
+
+    def get_default_ref_ignore_regex(self):
+        default = super(GerritEnvironmentHighPrecMixin, self).get_default_ref_ignore_regex()
+        return default + '|^refs/changes/|^refs/cache-automerge/|^refs/meta/'
+
+    def get_revision_recipients(self, revision):
+        # Merge commits created by Gerrit when users hit "Submit this patchset"
+        # in the Web UI (or do equivalently with REST APIs or the gerrit review
+        # command) are not something users want to see an individual email for.
+        # Filter them out.
+        committer = read_git_output(['log', '--no-walk', '--format=%cN',
+                                     revision.rev.sha1])
+        if committer == 'Gerrit Code Review':
+            return []
+        else:
+            return super(GerritEnvironmentHighPrecMixin, self).get_revision_recipients(revision)
+
+    def get_update_method(self):
+        return self.__update_method
+
+
+class GerritEnvironmentLowPrecMixin(Environment):
+    def __init__(self, project=None, submitter=None, **kw):
+        super(GerritEnvironmentLowPrecMixin, self).__init__(**kw)
+        self.__project = project
+        self.__submitter = submitter
+
+    def get_repo_shortname(self):
+        return self.__project
+
+    def get_fromaddr(self, change=None):
+        if self.__submitter and self.__submitter.find('<') != -1:
+            return self.__submitter
+        else:
+            return super(GerritEnvironmentLowPrecMixin, self).get_fromaddr(change)
 
 
 class Push(object):
@@ -2149,9 +3337,9 @@ class Push(object):
     references.
 
     The first step is to determine the "other" references--those
-    unaffected by the current push.  They are computed by
-    Push._compute_other_ref_sha1s() by listing all references then
-    removing any affected by this push.
+    unaffected by the current push.  They are computed by listing all
+    references then removing any affected by this push.  The results
+    are stored in Push._other_ref_sha1s.
 
     The commits contained in the repository before this push were
 
@@ -2187,7 +3375,7 @@ class Push(object):
     possible and working with SHA1s thereafter (because SHA1s are
     immutable)."""
 
-    # A map {(changeclass, changetype) : integer} specifying the order
+    # A map {(changeclass, changetype): integer} specifying the order
     # that reference changes will be processed if multiple reference
     # changes are included in a single push.  The order is significant
     # mostly because new commit notifications are threaded together
@@ -2211,66 +3399,139 @@ class Push(object):
             ])
         )
 
-    def __init__(self, changes):
+    def __init__(self, environment, changes, ignore_other_refs=False):
         self.changes = sorted(changes, key=self._sort_key)
+        self.__other_ref_sha1s = None
+        self.__cached_commits_spec = {}
+        self.environment = environment
+
+        if ignore_other_refs:
+            self.__other_ref_sha1s = set()
 
-        # The SHA-1s of commits referred to by references unaffected
-        # by this push:
-        other_ref_sha1s = self._compute_other_ref_sha1s()
+    @classmethod
+    def _sort_key(klass, change):
+        return (klass.SORT_ORDER[change.__class__, change.change_type], change.refname,)
 
-        self._old_rev_exclusion_spec = self._compute_rev_exclusion_spec(
-            other_ref_sha1s.union(
-                change.old.sha1
+    @property
+    def _other_ref_sha1s(self):
+        """The GitObjects referred to by references unaffected by this push.
+        """
+        if self.__other_ref_sha1s is None:
+            # The refnames being changed by this push:
+            updated_refs = set(
+                change.refname
                 for change in self.changes
-                if change.old.type in ['commit', 'tag']
                 )
-            )
-        self._new_rev_exclusion_spec = self._compute_rev_exclusion_spec(
-            other_ref_sha1s.union(
-                change.new.sha1
-                for change in self.changes
-                if change.new.type in ['commit', 'tag']
+
+            # The SHA-1s of commits referred to by all references in this
+            # repository *except* updated_refs:
+            sha1s = set()
+            fmt = (
+                '%(objectname) %(objecttype) %(refname)\n'
+                '%(*objectname) %(*objecttype) %(refname)'
                 )
-            )
+            ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter = \
+                self.environment.get_ref_filter_regex()
+            for line in read_git_lines(
+                    ['for-each-ref', '--format=%s' % (fmt,)]):
+                (sha1, type, name) = line.split(' ', 2)
+                if (sha1 and type == 'commit' and
+                        name not in updated_refs and
+                        include_ref(name, ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter)):
+                    sha1s.add(sha1)
 
-    @classmethod
-    def _sort_key(klass, change):
-        return (klass.SORT_ORDER[change.__class__, change.change_type], change.refname,)
+            self.__other_ref_sha1s = sha1s
+
+        return self.__other_ref_sha1s
+
+    def _get_commits_spec_incl(self, new_or_old, reference_change=None):
+        """Get new or old SHA-1 from one or each of the changed refs.
 
-    def _compute_other_ref_sha1s(self):
-        """Return the GitObjects referred to by references unaffected by this push."""
+        Return a list of SHA-1 commit identifier strings suitable as
+        arguments to 'git rev-list' (or 'git log' or ...).  The
+        returned identifiers are either the old or new values from one
+        or all of the changed references, depending on the values of
+        new_or_old and reference_change.
 
-        # The refnames being changed by this push:
-        updated_refs = set(
-            change.refname
+        new_or_old is either the string 'new' or the string 'old'.  If
+        'new', the returned SHA-1 identifiers are the new values from
+        each changed reference.  If 'old', the SHA-1 identifiers are
+        the old values from each changed reference.
+
+        If reference_change is specified and not None, only the new or
+        old reference from the specified reference is included in the
+        return value.
+
+        This function returns None if there are no matching revisions
+        (e.g., because a branch was deleted and new_or_old is 'new').
+        """
+
+        if not reference_change:
+            incl_spec = sorted(
+                getattr(change, new_or_old).sha1
+                for change in self.changes
+                if getattr(change, new_or_old)
+                )
+            if not incl_spec:
+                incl_spec = None
+        elif not getattr(reference_change, new_or_old).commit_sha1:
+            incl_spec = None
+        else:
+            incl_spec = [getattr(reference_change, new_or_old).commit_sha1]
+        return incl_spec
+
+    def _get_commits_spec_excl(self, new_or_old):
+        """Get exclusion revisions for determining new or discarded commits.
+
+        Return a list of strings suitable as arguments to 'git
+        rev-list' (or 'git log' or ...) that will exclude all
+        commits that, depending on the value of new_or_old, were
+        either previously in the repository (useful for determining
+        which commits are new to the repository) or currently in the
+        repository (useful for determining which commits were
+        discarded from the repository).
+
+        new_or_old is either the string 'new' or the string 'old'.  If
+        'new', the commits to be excluded are those that were in the
+        repository before the push.  If 'old', the commits to be
+        excluded are those that are currently in the repository.  """
+
+        old_or_new = {'old': 'new', 'new': 'old'}[new_or_old]
+        excl_revs = self._other_ref_sha1s.union(
+            getattr(change, old_or_new).sha1
             for change in self.changes
+            if getattr(change, old_or_new).type in ['commit', 'tag']
             )
+        return ['^' + sha1 for sha1 in sorted(excl_revs)]
 
-        # The SHA-1s of commits referred to by all references in this
-        # repository *except* updated_refs:
-        sha1s = set()
-        fmt = (
-            '%(objectname) %(objecttype) %(refname)\n'
-            '%(*objectname) %(*objecttype) %(refname)'
-            )
-        for line in read_git_lines(['for-each-ref', '--format=%s' % (fmt,)]):
-            (sha1, type, name) = line.split(' ', 2)
-            if sha1 and type == 'commit' and name not in updated_refs:
-                sha1s.add(sha1)
+    def get_commits_spec(self, new_or_old, reference_change=None):
+        """Get rev-list arguments for added or discarded commits.
 
-        return sha1s
+        Return a list of strings suitable as arguments to 'git
+        rev-list' (or 'git log' or ...) that select those commits
+        that, depending on the value of new_or_old, are either new to
+        the repository or were discarded from the repository.
 
-    def _compute_rev_exclusion_spec(self, sha1s):
-        """Return an exclusion specification for 'git rev-list'.
+        new_or_old is either the string 'new' or the string 'old'.  If
+        'new', the returned list is used to select commits that are
+        new to the repository.  If 'old', the returned value is used
+        to select the commits that have been discarded from the
+        repository.
 
-        git_objects is an iterable over GitObject instances.  Return a
-        string that can be passed to the standard input of 'git
-        rev-list --stdin' to exclude all of the commits referred to by
-        git_objects."""
+        If reference_change is specified and not None, the new or
+        discarded commits are limited to those that are reachable from
+        the new or old value of the specified reference.
 
-        return ''.join(
-            ['^%s\n' % (sha1,) for sha1 in sorted(sha1s)]
-            )
+        This function returns None if there are no added (or discarded)
+        revisions.
+        """
+        key = (new_or_old, reference_change)
+        if key not in self.__cached_commits_spec:
+            ret = self._get_commits_spec_incl(new_or_old, reference_change)
+            if ret is not None:
+                ret.extend(self._get_commits_spec_excl(new_or_old))
+            self.__cached_commits_spec[key] = ret
+        return self.__cached_commits_spec[key]
 
     def get_new_commits(self, reference_change=None):
         """Return a list of commits added by this push.
@@ -2280,19 +3541,8 @@ class Push(object):
         reference_change is None, then return a list of *all* commits
         added by this push."""
 
-        if not reference_change:
-            new_revs = sorted(
-                change.new.sha1
-                for change in self.changes
-                if change.new
-                )
-        elif not reference_change.new.commit_sha1:
-            return []
-        else:
-            new_revs = [reference_change.new.commit_sha1]
-
-        cmd = ['rev-list', '--stdin'] + new_revs
-        return read_git_lines(cmd, input=self._old_rev_exclusion_spec)
+        spec = self.get_commits_spec('new', reference_change)
+        return git_rev_list(spec)
 
     def get_discarded_commits(self, reference_change):
         """Return a list of commits discarded by this push.
@@ -2301,13 +3551,8 @@ class Push(object):
         entirely discarded from the repository by the part of this
         push represented by reference_change."""
 
-        if not reference_change.old.commit_sha1:
-            return []
-        else:
-            old_revs = [reference_change.old.commit_sha1]
-
-        cmd = ['rev-list', '--stdin'] + old_revs
-        return read_git_lines(cmd, input=self._new_rev_exclusion_spec)
+        spec = self.get_commits_spec('old', reference_change)
+        return git_rev_list(spec)
 
     def send_emails(self, mailer, body_filter=None):
         """Use send all of the notification emails needed for this push.
@@ -2325,40 +3570,57 @@ class Push(object):
         unhandled_sha1s = set(self.get_new_commits())
         send_date = IncrementalDateTime()
         for change in self.changes:
+            sha1s = []
+            for sha1 in reversed(list(self.get_new_commits(change))):
+                if sha1 in unhandled_sha1s:
+                    sha1s.append(sha1)
+                    unhandled_sha1s.remove(sha1)
+
             # Check if we've got anyone to send to
             if not change.recipients:
-                sys.stderr.write(
+                change.environment.log_warning(
                     '*** no recipients configured so no email will be sent\n'
-                    '*** for %r update %s->%s\n'
+                    '*** for %r update %s->%s'
                     % (change.refname, change.old.sha1, change.new.sha1,)
                     )
             else:
-                sys.stderr.write('Sending notification emails to: %s\n' % (change.recipients,))
-                extra_values = {'send_date' : send_date.next()}
-                mailer.send(
-                    change.generate_email(self, body_filter, extra_values),
-                    change.recipients,
-                    )
+                if not change.environment.quiet:
+                    change.environment.log_msg(
+                        'Sending notification emails to: %s' % (change.recipients,))
+                extra_values = {'send_date': next(send_date)}
 
-            sha1s = []
-            for sha1 in reversed(list(self.get_new_commits(change))):
-                if sha1 in unhandled_sha1s:
-                    sha1s.append(sha1)
-                    unhandled_sha1s.remove(sha1)
+                rev = change.send_single_combined_email(sha1s)
+                if rev:
+                    mailer.send(
+                        change.generate_combined_email(self, rev, body_filter, extra_values),
+                        rev.recipients,
+                        )
+                    # This change is now fully handled; no need to handle
+                    # individual revisions any further.
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    mailer.send(
+                        change.generate_email(self, body_filter, extra_values),
+                        change.recipients,
+                        )
 
             max_emails = change.environment.maxcommitemails
             if max_emails and len(sha1s) > max_emails:
-                sys.stderr.write(
-                    '*** Too many new commits (%d), not sending commit emails.\n' % len(sha1s)
-                    + '*** Try setting multimailhook.maxCommitEmails to a greater value\n'
-                    + '*** Currently, multimailhook.maxCommitEmails=%d\n' % max_emails
+                change.environment.log_warning(
+                    '*** Too many new commits (%d), not sending commit emails.\n' % len(sha1s) +
+                    '*** Try setting multimailhook.maxCommitEmails to a greater value\n' +
+                    '*** Currently, multimailhook.maxCommitEmails=%d' % max_emails
                     )
                 return
 
             for (num, sha1) in enumerate(sha1s):
-                rev = Revision(change, GitObject(sha1), num=num+1, tot=len(sha1s))
+                rev = Revision(change, GitObject(sha1), num=num + 1, tot=len(sha1s))
+                if not rev.recipients and rev.cc_recipients:
+                    change.environment.log_msg('*** Replacing Cc: with To:')
+                    rev.recipients = rev.cc_recipients
+                    rev.cc_recipients = None
                 if rev.recipients:
-                    extra_values = {'send_date' : send_date.next()}
+                    extra_values = {'send_date': next(send_date)}
                     mailer.send(
                         rev.generate_email(self, body_filter, extra_values),
                         rev.recipients,
@@ -2366,25 +3628,57 @@ class Push(object):
 
         # Consistency check:
         if unhandled_sha1s:
-            sys.stderr.write(
+            change.environment.log_error(
                 'ERROR: No emails were sent for the following new commits:\n'
-                '    %s\n'
+                '    %s'
                 % ('\n    '.join(sorted(unhandled_sha1s)),)
                 )
 
 
+def include_ref(refname, ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter):
+    does_match = bool(ref_filter_regex.search(refname))
+    if is_inclusion_filter:
+        return does_match
+    else:  # exclusion filter -- we include the ref if the regex doesn't match
+        return not does_match
+
+
 def run_as_post_receive_hook(environment, mailer):
+    environment.check()
+    send_filter_regex, send_is_inclusion_filter = environment.get_ref_filter_regex(True)
+    ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter = environment.get_ref_filter_regex(False)
     changes = []
-    for line in sys.stdin:
+    while True:
+        line = read_line(sys.stdin)
+        if line == '':
+            break
         (oldrev, newrev, refname) = line.strip().split(' ', 2)
+        environment.get_logger().debug(
+            "run_as_post_receive_hook: oldrev=%s, newrev=%s, refname=%s" %
+            (oldrev, newrev, refname))
+
+        if not include_ref(refname, ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter):
+            continue
+        if not include_ref(refname, send_filter_regex, send_is_inclusion_filter):
+            continue
         changes.append(
             ReferenceChange.create(environment, oldrev, newrev, refname)
             )
-    push = Push(changes)
-    push.send_emails(mailer, body_filter=environment.filter_body)
-
-
-def run_as_update_hook(environment, mailer, refname, oldrev, newrev):
+    if changes:
+        push = Push(environment, changes)
+        push.send_emails(mailer, body_filter=environment.filter_body)
+    if hasattr(mailer, '__del__'):
+        mailer.__del__()
+
+
+def run_as_update_hook(environment, mailer, refname, oldrev, newrev, force_send=False):
+    environment.check()
+    send_filter_regex, send_is_inclusion_filter = environment.get_ref_filter_regex(True)
+    ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter = environment.get_ref_filter_regex(False)
+    if not include_ref(refname, ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter):
+        return
+    if not include_ref(refname, send_filter_regex, send_is_inclusion_filter):
+        return
     changes = [
         ReferenceChange.create(
             environment,
@@ -2393,8 +3687,79 @@ def run_as_update_hook(environment, mailer, refname, oldrev, newrev):
             refname,
             ),
         ]
-    push = Push(changes)
+    push = Push(environment, changes, force_send)
     push.send_emails(mailer, body_filter=environment.filter_body)
+    if hasattr(mailer, '__del__'):
+        mailer.__del__()
+
+
+def check_ref_filter(environment):
+    send_filter_regex, send_is_inclusion = environment.get_ref_filter_regex(True)
+    ref_filter_regex, ref_is_inclusion = environment.get_ref_filter_regex(False)
+
+    def inc_exc_lusion(b):
+        if b:
+            return 'inclusion'
+        else:
+            return 'exclusion'
+
+    if send_filter_regex:
+        sys.stdout.write("DoSend/DontSend filter regex (" +
+                         (inc_exc_lusion(send_is_inclusion)) +
+                         '): ' + send_filter_regex.pattern +
+                         '\n')
+    if send_filter_regex:
+        sys.stdout.write("Include/Exclude filter regex (" +
+                         (inc_exc_lusion(ref_is_inclusion)) +
+                         '): ' + ref_filter_regex.pattern +
+                         '\n')
+    sys.stdout.write(os.linesep)
+
+    sys.stdout.write(
+        "Refs marked as EXCLUDE are excluded by either refFilterInclusionRegex\n"
+        "or refFilterExclusionRegex. No emails will be sent for commits included\n"
+        "in these refs.\n"
+        "Refs marked as DONT-SEND are excluded by either refFilterDoSendRegex or\n"
+        "refFilterDontSendRegex, but not by either refFilterInclusionRegex or\n"
+        "refFilterExclusionRegex. Emails will be sent for commits included in these\n"
+        "refs only when the commit reaches a ref which isn't excluded.\n"
+        "Refs marked as DO-SEND are not excluded by any filter. Emails will\n"
+        "be sent normally for commits included in these refs.\n")
+
+    sys.stdout.write(os.linesep)
+
+    for refname in read_git_lines(['for-each-ref', '--format', '%(refname)']):
+        sys.stdout.write(refname)
+        if not include_ref(refname, ref_filter_regex, ref_is_inclusion):
+            sys.stdout.write(' EXCLUDE')
+        elif not include_ref(refname, send_filter_regex, send_is_inclusion):
+            sys.stdout.write(' DONT-SEND')
+        else:
+            sys.stdout.write(' DO-SEND')
+
+        sys.stdout.write(os.linesep)
+
+
+def show_env(environment, out):
+    out.write('Environment values:\n')
+    for (k, v) in sorted(environment.get_values().items()):
+        if k:  # Don't show the {'' : ''} pair.
+            out.write('    %s : %r\n' % (k, v))
+    out.write('\n')
+    # Flush to avoid interleaving with further log output
+    out.flush()
+
+
+def check_setup(environment):
+    environment.check()
+    show_env(environment, sys.stdout)
+    sys.stdout.write("Now, checking that git-multimail's standard input "
+                     "is properly set ..." + os.linesep)
+    sys.stdout.write("Please type some text and then press Return" + os.linesep)
+    stdin = sys.stdin.readline()
+    sys.stdout.write("You have just entered:" + os.linesep)
+    sys.stdout.write(stdin)
+    sys.stdout.write("git-multimail seems properly set up." + os.linesep)
 
 
 def choose_mailer(config, environment):
@@ -2402,47 +3767,61 @@ def choose_mailer(config, environment):
 
     if mailer == 'smtp':
         smtpserver = config.get('smtpserver', default='localhost')
+        smtpservertimeout = float(config.get('smtpservertimeout', default=10.0))
+        smtpserverdebuglevel = int(config.get('smtpserverdebuglevel', default=0))
+        smtpencryption = config.get('smtpencryption', default='none')
+        smtpuser = config.get('smtpuser', default='')
+        smtppass = config.get('smtppass', default='')
+        smtpcacerts = config.get('smtpcacerts', default='')
         mailer = SMTPMailer(
+            environment,
             envelopesender=(environment.get_sender() or environment.get_fromaddr()),
-            smtpserver=smtpserver,
+            smtpserver=smtpserver, smtpservertimeout=smtpservertimeout,
+            smtpserverdebuglevel=smtpserverdebuglevel,
+            smtpencryption=smtpencryption,
+            smtpuser=smtpuser,
+            smtppass=smtppass,
+            smtpcacerts=smtpcacerts
             )
     elif mailer == 'sendmail':
         command = config.get('sendmailcommand')
         if command:
             command = shlex.split(command)
-        mailer = SendMailer(command=command, envelopesender=environment.get_sender())
+        mailer = SendMailer(environment,
+                            command=command, envelopesender=environment.get_sender())
     else:
-        sys.stderr.write(
-            'fatal: multimailhook.mailer is set to an incorrect value: "%s"\n' % mailer
-            + 'please use one of "smtp" or "sendmail".\n'
+        environment.log_error(
+            'fatal: multimailhook.mailer is set to an incorrect value: "%s"\n' % mailer +
+            'please use one of "smtp" or "sendmail".'
             )
         sys.exit(1)
     return mailer
 
 
 KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS = {
-    'generic' : GenericEnvironmentMixin,
-    'gitolite' : GitoliteEnvironmentMixin,
+    'generic': {'highprec': GenericEnvironmentMixin},
+    'gitolite': {'highprec': GitoliteEnvironmentHighPrecMixin,
+                 'lowprec': GitoliteEnvironmentLowPrecMixin},
+    'stash': {'highprec': StashEnvironmentHighPrecMixin,
+              'lowprec': StashEnvironmentLowPrecMixin},
+    'gerrit': {'highprec': GerritEnvironmentHighPrecMixin,
+               'lowprec': GerritEnvironmentLowPrecMixin},
     }
 
 
-def choose_environment(config, osenv=None, env=None, recipients=None):
+def choose_environment(config, osenv=None, env=None, recipients=None,
+                       hook_info=None):
+    env_name = choose_environment_name(config, env, osenv)
+    environment_klass = build_environment_klass(env_name)
+    env = build_environment(environment_klass, env_name, config,
+                            osenv, recipients, hook_info)
+    return env
+
+
+def choose_environment_name(config, env, osenv):
     if not osenv:
         osenv = os.environ
 
-    environment_mixins = [
-        ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin,
-        ConfigMaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
-        ComputeFQDNEnvironmentMixin,
-        ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
-        PusherDomainEnvironmentMixin,
-        ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin,
-        ]
-    environment_kw = {
-        'osenv' : osenv,
-        'config' : config,
-        }
-
     if not env:
         env = config.get('environment')
 
@@ -2451,25 +3830,250 @@ def choose_environment(config, osenv=None, env=None, recipients=None):
             env = 'gitolite'
         else:
             env = 'generic'
+    return env
 
-    environment_mixins.append(KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS[env])
-
-    if recipients:
-        environment_mixins.insert(0, StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin)
-        environment_kw['refchange_recipients'] = recipients
-        environment_kw['announce_recipients'] = recipients
-        environment_kw['revision_recipients'] = recipients
-    else:
-        environment_mixins.insert(0, ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin)
 
+COMMON_ENVIRONMENT_MIXINS = [
+    ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+    CLIRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+    ConfigRefFilterEnvironmentMixin,
+    ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin,
+    ConfigMaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
+    ComputeFQDNEnvironmentMixin,
+    ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
+    PusherDomainEnvironmentMixin,
+    ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin,
+    ]
+
+
+def build_environment_klass(env_name):
+    if 'class' in KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS[env_name]:
+        return KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS[env_name]['class']
+
+    environment_mixins = []
+    known_env = KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS[env_name]
+    if 'highprec' in known_env:
+        high_prec_mixin = known_env['highprec']
+        environment_mixins.append(high_prec_mixin)
+    environment_mixins = environment_mixins + COMMON_ENVIRONMENT_MIXINS
+    if 'lowprec' in known_env:
+        low_prec_mixin = known_env['lowprec']
+        environment_mixins.append(low_prec_mixin)
+    environment_mixins.append(Environment)
+    klass_name = env_name.capitalize() + 'Environement'
     environment_klass = type(
-        'EffectiveEnvironment',
-        tuple(environment_mixins) + (Environment,),
+        klass_name,
+        tuple(environment_mixins),
         {},
         )
+    KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS[env_name]['class'] = environment_klass
+    return environment_klass
+
+
+GerritEnvironment = build_environment_klass('gerrit')
+StashEnvironment = build_environment_klass('stash')
+GitoliteEnvironment = build_environment_klass('gitolite')
+GenericEnvironment = build_environment_klass('generic')
+
+
+def build_environment(environment_klass, env, config,
+                      osenv, recipients, hook_info):
+    environment_kw = {
+        'osenv': osenv,
+        'config': config,
+        }
+
+    if env == 'stash':
+        environment_kw['user'] = hook_info['stash_user']
+        environment_kw['repo'] = hook_info['stash_repo']
+    elif env == 'gerrit':
+        environment_kw['project'] = hook_info['project']
+        environment_kw['submitter'] = hook_info['submitter']
+        environment_kw['update_method'] = hook_info['update_method']
+
+    environment_kw['cli_recipients'] = recipients
+
     return environment_klass(**environment_kw)
 
 
+def get_version():
+    oldcwd = os.getcwd()
+    try:
+        try:
+            os.chdir(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)))
+            git_version = read_git_output(['describe', '--tags', 'HEAD'])
+            if git_version == __version__:
+                return git_version
+            else:
+                return '%s (%s)' % (__version__, git_version)
+        except:
+            pass
+    finally:
+        os.chdir(oldcwd)
+    return __version__
+
+
+def compute_gerrit_options(options, args, required_gerrit_options,
+                           raw_refname):
+    if None in required_gerrit_options:
+        raise SystemExit("Error: Specify all of --oldrev, --newrev, --refname, "
+                         "and --project; or none of them.")
+
+    if options.environment not in (None, 'gerrit'):
+        raise SystemExit("Non-gerrit environments incompatible with --oldrev, "
+                         "--newrev, --refname, and --project")
+    options.environment = 'gerrit'
+
+    if args:
+        raise SystemExit("Error: Positional parameters not allowed with "
+                         "--oldrev, --newrev, and --refname.")
+
+    # Gerrit oddly omits 'refs/heads/' in the refname when calling
+    # ref-updated hook; put it back.
+    git_dir = get_git_dir()
+    if (not os.path.exists(os.path.join(git_dir, raw_refname)) and
+        os.path.exists(os.path.join(git_dir, 'refs', 'heads',
+                                    raw_refname))):
+        options.refname = 'refs/heads/' + options.refname
+
+    # New revisions can appear in a gerrit repository either due to someone
+    # pushing directly (in which case options.submitter will be set), or they
+    # can press "Submit this patchset" in the web UI for some CR (in which
+    # case options.submitter will not be set and gerrit will not have provided
+    # us the information about who pressed the button).
+    #
+    # Note for the nit-picky: I'm lumping in REST API calls and the ssh
+    # gerrit review command in with "Submit this patchset" button, since they
+    # have the same effect.
+    if options.submitter:
+        update_method = 'pushed'
+        # The submitter argument is almost an RFC 2822 email address; change it
+        # from 'User Name (email@domain)' to 'User Name <email@domain>' so it is
+        options.submitter = options.submitter.replace('(', '<').replace(')', '>')
+    else:
+        update_method = 'submitted'
+        # Gerrit knew who submitted this patchset, but threw that information
+        # away when it invoked this hook.  However, *IF* Gerrit created a
+        # merge to bring the patchset in (project 'Submit Type' is either
+        # "Always Merge", or is "Merge if Necessary" and happens to be
+        # necessary for this particular CR), then it will have the committer
+        # of that merge be 'Gerrit Code Review' and the author will be the
+        # person who requested the submission of the CR.  Since this is fairly
+        # likely for most gerrit installations (of a reasonable size), it's
+        # worth the extra effort to try to determine the actual submitter.
+        rev_info = read_git_lines(['log', '--no-walk', '--merges',
+                                   '--format=%cN%n%aN <%aE>', options.newrev])
+        if rev_info and rev_info[0] == 'Gerrit Code Review':
+            options.submitter = rev_info[1]
+
+    # We pass back refname, oldrev, newrev as args because then the
+    # gerrit ref-updated hook is much like the git update hook
+    return (options,
+            [options.refname, options.oldrev, options.newrev],
+            {'project': options.project, 'submitter': options.submitter,
+             'update_method': update_method})
+
+
+def check_hook_specific_args(options, args):
+    raw_refname = options.refname
+    # Convert each string option unicode for Python3.
+    if PYTHON3:
+        opts = ['environment', 'recipients', 'oldrev', 'newrev', 'refname',
+                'project', 'submitter', 'stash_user', 'stash_repo']
+        for opt in opts:
+            if not hasattr(options, opt):
+                continue
+            obj = getattr(options, opt)
+            if obj:
+                enc = obj.encode('utf-8', 'surrogateescape')
+                dec = enc.decode('utf-8', 'replace')
+                setattr(options, opt, dec)
+
+    # First check for stash arguments
+    if (options.stash_user is None) != (options.stash_repo is None):
+        raise SystemExit("Error: Specify both of --stash-user and "
+                         "--stash-repo or neither.")
+    if options.stash_user:
+        options.environment = 'stash'
+        return options, args, {'stash_user': options.stash_user,
+                               'stash_repo': options.stash_repo}
+
+    # Finally, check for gerrit specific arguments
+    required_gerrit_options = (options.oldrev, options.newrev, options.refname,
+                               options.project)
+    if required_gerrit_options != (None,) * 4:
+        return compute_gerrit_options(options, args, required_gerrit_options,
+                                      raw_refname)
+
+    # No special options in use, just return what we started with
+    return options, args, {}
+
+
+class Logger(object):
+    def parse_verbose(self, verbose):
+        if verbose > 0:
+            return logging.DEBUG
+        else:
+            return logging.INFO
+
+    def create_log_file(self, environment, name, path, verbosity):
+        log_file = logging.getLogger(name)
+        file_handler = logging.FileHandler(path)
+        log_fmt = logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s [%(levelname)-5.5s]  %(message)s")
+        file_handler.setFormatter(log_fmt)
+        log_file.addHandler(file_handler)
+        log_file.setLevel(verbosity)
+        return log_file
+
+    def __init__(self, environment):
+        self.environment = environment
+        self.loggers = []
+        stderr_log = logging.getLogger('git_multimail.stderr')
+
+        class EncodedStderr(object):
+            def write(self, x):
+                write_str(sys.stderr, x)
+
+            def flush(self):
+                sys.stderr.flush()
+
+        stderr_handler = logging.StreamHandler(EncodedStderr())
+        stderr_log.addHandler(stderr_handler)
+        stderr_log.setLevel(self.parse_verbose(environment.verbose))
+        self.loggers.append(stderr_log)
+
+        if environment.debug_log_file is not None:
+            debug_log_file = self.create_log_file(
+                environment, 'git_multimail.debug', environment.debug_log_file, logging.DEBUG)
+            self.loggers.append(debug_log_file)
+
+        if environment.log_file is not None:
+            log_file = self.create_log_file(
+                environment, 'git_multimail.file', environment.log_file, logging.INFO)
+            self.loggers.append(log_file)
+
+        if environment.error_log_file is not None:
+            error_log_file = self.create_log_file(
+                environment, 'git_multimail.error', environment.error_log_file, logging.ERROR)
+            self.loggers.append(error_log_file)
+
+    def info(self, msg):
+        for l in self.loggers:
+            l.info(msg)
+
+    def debug(self, msg):
+        for l in self.loggers:
+            l.debug(msg)
+
+    def warning(self, msg):
+        for l in self.loggers:
+            l.warning(msg)
+
+    def error(self, msg):
+        for l in self.loggers:
+            l.error(msg)
+
+
 def main(args):
     parser = optparse.OptionParser(
         description=__doc__,
@@ -2478,7 +4082,7 @@ def main(args):
 
     parser.add_option(
         '--environment', '--env', action='store', type='choice',
-        choices=['generic', 'gitolite'], default=None,
+        choices=list(KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS.keys()), default=None,
         help=(
             'Choose type of environment is in use.  Default is taken from '
             'multimailhook.environment if set; otherwise "generic".'
@@ -2496,44 +4100,139 @@ def main(args):
         '--show-env', action='store_true', default=False,
         help=(
             'Write to stderr the values determined for the environment '
-            '(intended for debugging purposes).'
+            '(intended for debugging purposes), then proceed normally.'
+            ),
+        )
+    parser.add_option(
+        '--force-send', action='store_true', default=False,
+        help=(
+            'Force sending refchange email when using as an update hook. '
+            'This is useful to work around the unreliable new commits '
+            'detection in this mode.'
+            ),
+        )
+    parser.add_option(
+        '-c', metavar="<name>=<value>", action='append',
+        help=(
+            'Pass a configuration parameter through to git.  The value given '
+            'will override values from configuration files.  See the -c option '
+            'of git(1) for more details.  (Only works with git >= 1.7.3)'
+            ),
+        )
+    parser.add_option(
+        '--version', '-v', action='store_true', default=False,
+        help=(
+            "Display git-multimail's version"
+            ),
+        )
+
+    parser.add_option(
+        '--python-version', action='store_true', default=False,
+        help=(
+            "Display the version of Python used by git-multimail"
             ),
         )
 
+    parser.add_option(
+        '--check-ref-filter', action='store_true', default=False,
+        help=(
+            'List refs and show information on how git-multimail '
+            'will process them.'
+            )
+        )
+
+    # The following options permit this script to be run as a gerrit
+    # ref-updated hook.  See e.g.
+    # code.google.com/p/gerrit/source/browse/Documentation/config-hooks.txt
+    # We suppress help for these items, since these are specific to gerrit,
+    # and we don't want users directly using them any way other than how the
+    # gerrit ref-updated hook is called.
+    parser.add_option('--oldrev', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+    parser.add_option('--newrev', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+    parser.add_option('--refname', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+    parser.add_option('--project', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+    parser.add_option('--submitter', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+
+    # The following allow this to be run as a stash asynchronous post-receive
+    # hook (almost identical to a git post-receive hook but triggered also for
+    # merges of pull requests from the UI).  We suppress help for these items,
+    # since these are specific to stash.
+    parser.add_option('--stash-user', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+    parser.add_option('--stash-repo', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+
     (options, args) = parser.parse_args(args)
+    (options, args, hook_info) = check_hook_specific_args(options, args)
+
+    if options.version:
+        sys.stdout.write('git-multimail version ' + get_version() + '\n')
+        return
+
+    if options.python_version:
+        sys.stdout.write('Python version ' + sys.version + '\n')
+        return
+
+    if options.c:
+        Config.add_config_parameters(options.c)
 
     config = Config('multimailhook')
 
+    environment = None
     try:
         environment = choose_environment(
             config, osenv=os.environ,
             env=options.environment,
             recipients=options.recipients,
+            hook_info=hook_info,
             )
 
         if options.show_env:
-            sys.stderr.write('Environment values:\n')
-            for (k,v) in sorted(environment.get_values().items()):
-                sys.stderr.write('    %s : %r\n' % (k,v))
-            sys.stderr.write('\n')
+            show_env(environment, sys.stderr)
 
-        if options.stdout:
+        if options.stdout or environment.stdout:
             mailer = OutputMailer(sys.stdout)
         else:
             mailer = choose_mailer(config, environment)
 
+        must_check_setup = os.environ.get('GIT_MULTIMAIL_CHECK_SETUP')
+        if must_check_setup == '':
+            must_check_setup = False
+        if options.check_ref_filter:
+            check_ref_filter(environment)
+        elif must_check_setup:
+            check_setup(environment)
         # Dual mode: if arguments were specified on the command line, run
         # like an update hook; otherwise, run as a post-receive hook.
-        if args:
+        elif args:
             if len(args) != 3:
                 parser.error('Need zero or three non-option arguments')
             (refname, oldrev, newrev) = args
-            run_as_update_hook(environment, mailer, refname, oldrev, newrev)
+            environment.get_logger().debug(
+                "run_as_update_hook: refname=%s, oldrev=%s, newrev=%s, force_send=%s" %
+                (refname, oldrev, newrev, options.force_send))
+            run_as_update_hook(environment, mailer, refname, oldrev, newrev, options.force_send)
         else:
             run_as_post_receive_hook(environment, mailer)
-    except ConfigurationException, e:
-        sys.exit(str(e))
-
+    except ConfigurationException:
+        sys.exit(sys.exc_info()[1])
+    except SystemExit:
+        raise
+    except Exception:
+        t, e, tb = sys.exc_info()
+        import traceback
+        sys.stderr.write('\n')  # Avoid mixing message with previous output
+        msg = (
+            'Exception \'' + t.__name__ +
+            '\' raised. Please report this as a bug to\n'
+            'https://github.com/git-multimail/git-multimail/issues\n'
+            'with the information below:\n\n'
+            'git-multimail version ' + get_version() + '\n'
+            'Python version ' + sys.version + '\n' +
+            traceback.format_exc())
+        try:
+            environment.get_logger().error(msg)
+        except:
+            sys.stderr.write(msg)
+        sys.exit(1)
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     main(sys.argv[1:])
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/multimail/migrate-mailhook-config b/contrib/hooks/multimail/migrate-mailhook-config
index 04eeaac413..992657bbdc 100755
--- a/contrib/hooks/multimail/migrate-mailhook-config
+++ b/contrib/hooks/multimail/migrate-mailhook-config
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#! /usr/bin/env python2
+#! /usr/bin/env python
 
 """Migrate a post-receive-email configuration to be usable with git_multimail.py.
 
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ OLD_NAMES = [
     'showrev',
     'emailmaxlines',
     'diffopts',
+    'scancommitforcc',
     ]
 
 NEW_NAMES = [
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ NEW_NAMES = [
     'emailmaxlines',
     'diffopts',
     'emaildomain',
+    'scancommitforcc',
     ]
 
 
@@ -61,7 +63,7 @@ def _check_old_config_exists(old):
     """Check that at least one old configuration value is set."""
 
     for name in OLD_NAMES:
-        if old.has_key(name):
+        if name in old:
             return True
 
     return False
@@ -72,7 +74,7 @@ def _check_new_config_clear(new):
 
     retval = True
     for name in NEW_NAMES:
-        if new.has_key(name):
+        if name in new:
             if retval:
                 sys.stderr.write('INFO: The following configuration values already exist:\n\n')
             sys.stderr.write('    "%s.%s"\n' % (new.section, name))
@@ -83,7 +85,7 @@ def _check_new_config_clear(new):
 
 def erase_values(config, names):
     for name in names:
-        if config.has_key(name):
+        if name in config:
             try:
                 sys.stderr.write('...unsetting "%s.%s"\n' % (config.section, name))
                 config.unset_all(name)
@@ -170,7 +172,7 @@ def migrate_config(strict=False, retain=False, overwrite=False):
                 )
 
     name = 'showrev'
-    if old.has_key(name):
+    if name in old:
         msg = 'git-multimail does not support "%s.%s"' % (old.section, name,)
         if strict:
             sys.exit(
@@ -182,7 +184,7 @@ def migrate_config(strict=False, retain=False, overwrite=False):
             sys.stderr.write('\nWARNING: %s (ignoring).\n\n' % (msg,))
 
     for name in ['mailinglist', 'announcelist']:
-        if old.has_key(name):
+        if name in old:
             sys.stderr.write(
                 '...copying "%s.%s" to "%s.%s"\n' % (old.section, name, new.section, name)
                 )
@@ -198,15 +200,15 @@ def migrate_config(strict=False, retain=False, overwrite=False):
             )
         new.set('announceshortlog', 'true')
 
-    for name in ['envelopesender', 'emailmaxlines', 'diffopts']:
-        if old.has_key(name):
+    for name in ['envelopesender', 'emailmaxlines', 'diffopts', 'scancommitforcc']:
+        if name in old:
             sys.stderr.write(
                 '...copying "%s.%s" to "%s.%s"\n' % (old.section, name, new.section, name)
                 )
             new.set(name, old.get(name))
 
     name = 'emailprefix'
-    if old.has_key(name):
+    if name in old:
         sys.stderr.write(
             '...copying "%s.%s" to "%s.%s"\n' % (old.section, name, new.section, name)
             )
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/multimail/post-receive b/contrib/hooks/multimail/post-receive.example
index 4d46828ba5..1ea113d274 100755
--- a/contrib/hooks/multimail/post-receive
+++ b/contrib/hooks/multimail/post-receive.example
@@ -1,17 +1,19 @@
-#! /usr/bin/env python2
+#! /usr/bin/env python
 
 """Example post-receive hook based on git-multimail.
 
-This script is a simple example of a post-receive hook implemented
-using git_multimail.py as a Python module.  It is intended to be
-customized before use; see the comments in the script to help you get
-started.
+The simplest way to use git-multimail is to use the script
+git_multimail.py directly as a post-receive hook, and to configure it
+using Git's configuration files and command-line parameters.  You can
+also write your own Python wrapper for more advanced configurability,
+using git_multimail.py as a Python module.
 
-It is possible to use git_multimail.py itself as a post-receive or
-update hook, configured via git config settings and/or command-line
-parameters.  But for more flexibility, it can also be imported as a
-Python module by a custom post-receive script as done here.  The
-latter has the following advantages:
+This script is a simple example of such a post-receive hook.  It is
+intended to be customized before use; see the comments in the script
+to help you get started.
+
+Using git-multimail as a Python module as done here provides more
+flexibility.  It has the following advantages:
 
 * The tool's behavior can be customized using arbitrary Python code,
   without having to edit git_multimail.py.
@@ -40,7 +42,6 @@ import os
 
 import git_multimail
 
-
 # It is possible to modify the output templates here; e.g.:
 
 #git_multimail.FOOTER_TEMPLATE = """\
@@ -54,10 +55,20 @@ import git_multimail
 # git-multimail:
 config = git_multimail.Config('multimailhook')
 
+# Set some Git configuration variables. Equivalent to passing var=val
+# to "git -c var=val" each time git is called, or to adding the
+# configuration in .git/config (must come before instanciating the
+# environment) :
+#git_multimail.Config.add_config_parameters('multimailhook.commitEmailFormat=html')
+#git_multimail.Config.add_config_parameters(('user.name=foo', 'user.email=foo@example.com'))
 
 # Select the type of environment:
-environment = git_multimail.GenericEnvironment(config=config)
-#environment = git_multimail.GitoliteEnvironment(config=config)
+try:
+    environment = git_multimail.GenericEnvironment(config=config)
+    #environment = git_multimail.GitoliteEnvironment(config=config)
+except git_multimail.ConfigurationException:
+    sys.stderr.write('*** %s\n' % sys.exc_info()[1])
+    sys.exit(1)
 
 
 # Choose the method of sending emails based on the git config:
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/pre-auto-gc-battery b/contrib/hooks/pre-auto-gc-battery
index 9d0c2d1990..7ba78c4dff 100755
--- a/contrib/hooks/pre-auto-gc-battery
+++ b/contrib/hooks/pre-auto-gc-battery
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 # ln -sf /usr/share/git-core/contrib/hooks/pre-auto-gc-battery \
 #	hooks/pre-auto-gc
 
-if test -x /sbin/on_ac_power && /sbin/on_ac_power
+if test -x /sbin/on_ac_power && (/sbin/on_ac_power;test $? -ne 1)
 then
 	exit 0
 elif test "$(cat /sys/class/power_supply/AC/online 2>/dev/null)" = 1
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ elif grep -q "AC Power \+: 1" /proc/pmu/info 2>/dev/null
 then
 	exit 0
 elif test -x /usr/bin/pmset && /usr/bin/pmset -g batt |
-	grep -q "Currently drawing from 'AC Power'"
+	grep -q "drawing from 'AC Power'"
 then
 	exit 0
 fi
diff --git a/contrib/long-running-filter/example.pl b/contrib/long-running-filter/example.pl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a677569ddd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/long-running-filter/example.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+#
+# Example implementation for the Git filter protocol version 2
+# See Documentation/gitattributes.txt, section "Filter Protocol"
+#
+# Please note, this pass-thru filter is a minimal skeleton. No proper
+# error handling was implemented.
+#
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+my $MAX_PACKET_CONTENT_SIZE = 65516;
+
+sub packet_bin_read {
+	my $buffer;
+	my $bytes_read = read STDIN, $buffer, 4;
+	if ( $bytes_read == 0 ) {
+
+		# EOF - Git stopped talking to us!
+		exit();
+	}
+	elsif ( $bytes_read != 4 ) {
+		die "invalid packet: '$buffer'";
+	}
+	my $pkt_size = hex($buffer);
+	if ( $pkt_size == 0 ) {
+		return ( 1, "" );
+	}
+	elsif ( $pkt_size > 4 ) {
+		my $content_size = $pkt_size - 4;
+		$bytes_read = read STDIN, $buffer, $content_size;
+		if ( $bytes_read != $content_size ) {
+			die "invalid packet ($content_size bytes expected; $bytes_read bytes read)";
+		}
+		return ( 0, $buffer );
+	}
+	else {
+		die "invalid packet size: $pkt_size";
+	}
+}
+
+sub packet_txt_read {
+	my ( $res, $buf ) = packet_bin_read();
+	unless ( $buf =~ s/\n$// ) {
+		die "A non-binary line MUST be terminated by an LF.";
+	}
+	return ( $res, $buf );
+}
+
+sub packet_bin_write {
+	my $buf = shift;
+	print STDOUT sprintf( "%04x", length($buf) + 4 );
+	print STDOUT $buf;
+	STDOUT->flush();
+}
+
+sub packet_txt_write {
+	packet_bin_write( $_[0] . "\n" );
+}
+
+sub packet_flush {
+	print STDOUT sprintf( "%04x", 0 );
+	STDOUT->flush();
+}
+
+( packet_txt_read() eq ( 0, "git-filter-client" ) ) || die "bad initialize";
+( packet_txt_read() eq ( 0, "version=2" ) )         || die "bad version";
+( packet_bin_read() eq ( 1, "" ) )                  || die "bad version end";
+
+packet_txt_write("git-filter-server");
+packet_txt_write("version=2");
+packet_flush();
+
+( packet_txt_read() eq ( 0, "capability=clean" ) )  || die "bad capability";
+( packet_txt_read() eq ( 0, "capability=smudge" ) ) || die "bad capability";
+( packet_bin_read() eq ( 1, "" ) )                  || die "bad capability end";
+
+packet_txt_write("capability=clean");
+packet_txt_write("capability=smudge");
+packet_flush();
+
+while (1) {
+	my ($command)  = packet_txt_read() =~ /^command=(.+)$/;
+	my ($pathname) = packet_txt_read() =~ /^pathname=(.+)$/;
+
+	if ( $pathname eq "" ) {
+		die "bad pathname '$pathname'";
+	}
+
+	packet_bin_read();
+
+	my $input = "";
+	{
+		binmode(STDIN);
+		my $buffer;
+		my $done = 0;
+		while ( !$done ) {
+			( $done, $buffer ) = packet_bin_read();
+			$input .= $buffer;
+		}
+	}
+
+	my $output;
+	if ( $command eq "clean" ) {
+		### Perform clean here ###
+		$output = $input;
+	}
+	elsif ( $command eq "smudge" ) {
+		### Perform smudge here ###
+		$output = $input;
+	}
+	else {
+		die "bad command '$command'";
+	}
+
+	packet_txt_write("status=success");
+	packet_flush();
+	while ( length($output) > 0 ) {
+		my $packet = substr( $output, 0, $MAX_PACKET_CONTENT_SIZE );
+		packet_bin_write($packet);
+		if ( length($output) > $MAX_PACKET_CONTENT_SIZE ) {
+			$output = substr( $output, $MAX_PACKET_CONTENT_SIZE );
+		}
+		else {
+			$output = "";
+		}
+	}
+	packet_flush();    # flush content!
+	packet_flush();    # empty list, keep "status=success" unchanged!
+
+}
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/.perlcriticrc b/contrib/mw-to-git/.perlcriticrc
index 5a9955d757..158958d363 100644
--- a/contrib/mw-to-git/.perlcriticrc
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/.perlcriticrc
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 [InputOutput::RequireCheckedSyscalls]
 functions = open say close
 
-# This rules demands to add a dependancy for the Readonly module. This is not
+# This rule demands to add a dependency for the Readonly module. This is not
 # wished.
 [-ValuesAndExpressions::ProhibitConstantPragma]
 
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/Git/Mediawiki.pm b/contrib/mw-to-git/Git/Mediawiki.pm
index d13c4dfa7d..917d9e2d32 100644
--- a/contrib/mw-to-git/Git/Mediawiki.pm
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/Git/Mediawiki.pm
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package Git::Mediawiki;
 
 use 5.008;
 use strict;
+use POSIX;
 use Git;
 
 BEGIN {
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ sub smudge_filename {
 	$filename =~ s/ /_/g;
 	# Decode forbidden characters encoded in clean_filename
 	$filename =~ s/_%_([0-9a-fA-F][0-9a-fA-F])/sprintf('%c', hex($1))/ge;
-	return $filename;
+	return substr($filename, 0, NAME_MAX-length('.mw'));
 }
 
 sub connect_maybe {
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/Makefile b/contrib/mw-to-git/Makefile
index a4b6f7a2cd..4e603512a3 100644
--- a/contrib/mw-to-git/Makefile
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/Makefile
@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ HERE=contrib/mw-to-git/
 INSTALL = install
 
 SCRIPT_PERL_FULL=$(patsubst %,$(HERE)/%,$(SCRIPT_PERL))
-INSTLIBDIR=$(shell $(MAKE) -C $(GIT_ROOT_DIR)/perl \
-                -s --no-print-directory instlibdir)
+INSTLIBDIR=$(shell $(MAKE) -C $(GIT_ROOT_DIR)/ \
+                -s --no-print-directory prefix=$(prefix) \
+                perllibdir=$(perllibdir) perllibdir)
 DESTDIR_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DESTDIR))
 INSTLIBDIR_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(INSTLIBDIR))
 
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki.perl b/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki.perl
index 8dd74a9a40..af9cbc9d0f 100755
--- a/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki.perl
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki.perl
@@ -63,6 +63,11 @@ chomp(@tracked_pages);
 my @tracked_categories = split(/[ \n]/, run_git("config --get-all remote.${remotename}.categories"));
 chomp(@tracked_categories);
 
+# Just like @tracked_categories, but for MediaWiki namespaces.
+my @tracked_namespaces = split(/[ \n]/, run_git("config --get-all remote.${remotename}.namespaces"));
+for (@tracked_namespaces) { s/_/ /g; }
+chomp(@tracked_namespaces);
+
 # Import media files on pull
 my $import_media = run_git("config --get --bool remote.${remotename}.mediaimport");
 chomp($import_media);
@@ -256,6 +261,32 @@ sub get_mw_tracked_categories {
 	return;
 }
 
+sub get_mw_tracked_namespaces {
+    my $pages = shift;
+    foreach my $local_namespace (sort @tracked_namespaces) {
+        my $namespace_id;
+        if ($local_namespace eq "(Main)") {
+            $namespace_id = 0;
+        } else {
+            $namespace_id = get_mw_namespace_id($local_namespace);
+        }
+        # virtual namespaces don't support allpages
+        next if !defined($namespace_id) || $namespace_id < 0;
+        my $mw_pages = $mediawiki->list( {
+            action => 'query',
+            list => 'allpages',
+            apnamespace => $namespace_id,
+            aplimit => 'max' } )
+            || die $mediawiki->{error}->{code} . ': '
+                . $mediawiki->{error}->{details} . "\n";
+        print {*STDERR} "$#{$mw_pages} found in namespace $local_namespace ($namespace_id)\n";
+        foreach my $page (@{$mw_pages}) {
+            $pages->{$page->{title}} = $page;
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
 sub get_mw_all_pages {
 	my $pages = shift;
 	# No user-provided list, get the list of pages from the API.
@@ -319,6 +350,10 @@ sub get_mw_pages {
 		$user_defined = 1;
 		get_mw_tracked_categories(\%pages);
 	}
+	if (@tracked_namespaces) {
+		$user_defined = 1;
+		get_mw_tracked_namespaces(\%pages);
+	}
 	if (!$user_defined) {
 		get_mw_all_pages(\%pages);
 	}
@@ -857,7 +892,7 @@ sub mw_import_revids {
 
 	my $n = 0;
 	my $n_actual = 0;
-	my $last_timestamp = 0; # Placeholer in case $rev->timestamp is undefined
+	my $last_timestamp = 0; # Placeholder in case $rev->timestamp is undefined
 
 	foreach my $pagerevid (@{$revision_ids}) {
 	        # Count page even if we skip it, since we display
@@ -963,7 +998,7 @@ sub mw_upload_file {
 		print {*STDERR} "Check the configuration of file uploads in your mediawiki.\n";
 		return $newrevid;
 	}
-	# Deleting and uploading a file requires a priviledged user
+	# Deleting and uploading a file requires a privileged user
 	if ($file_deleted) {
 		$mediawiki = connect_maybe($mediawiki, $remotename, $url);
 		my $query = {
@@ -1308,7 +1343,8 @@ sub get_mw_namespace_id {
 	my $id;
 
 	if (!defined $ns) {
-		print {*STDERR} "No such namespace ${name} on MediaWiki.\n";
+		my @namespaces = map { s/ /_/g; $_; } sort keys %namespace_id;
+		print {*STDERR} "No such namespace ${name} on MediaWiki, known namespaces: @namespaces\n";
 		$ns = {is_namespace => 0};
 		$namespace_id{$name} = $ns;
 	}
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/README b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/README
index 03f6ee5d72..2ee34be7e4 100644
--- a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/README
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/README
@@ -121,4 +121,4 @@ How to write a new test
 
 Please, follow the standards given by git. See git/t/README.
 New file should be named as t936[0-9]-*.sh.
-Be sure to reset your wiki regulary with the function `wiki_reset`.
+Be sure to reset your wiki regularly with the function `wiki_reset`.
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9360-mw-to-git-clone.sh b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9360-mw-to-git-clone.sh
index 22f069db48..cfbfe7ddf6 100755
--- a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9360-mw-to-git-clone.sh
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9360-mw-to-git-clone.sh
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ test_expect_success 'Test of resistance to modification of category on wiki for
 	wiki_editpage Notconsidered "this page will not appear on local" false &&
 	wiki_editpage Othercategory "this page will not appear on local" false -c=Cattwo &&
 	wiki_editpage Tobeedited "this page have been modified" true -c=Catone &&
-	wiki_delete_page Tobedeleted
+	wiki_delete_page Tobedeleted &&
 	git clone -c remote.origin.categories="Catone" \
 		mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_14 &&
 	wiki_getallpage ref_page_14 Catone &&
diff --git a/contrib/persistent-https/Makefile b/contrib/persistent-https/Makefile
index 92baa3beee..52b84ba3d4 100644
--- a/contrib/persistent-https/Makefile
+++ b/contrib/persistent-https/Makefile
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-BUILD_LABEL=$(shell date +"%s")
+BUILD_LABEL=$(shell cut -d" " -f3 ../../GIT-VERSION-FILE)
 TAR_OUT=$(shell go env GOOS)_$(shell go env GOARCH).tar.gz
 
 all: git-remote-persistent-https git-remote-persistent-https--proxy \
@@ -25,8 +25,10 @@ git-remote-persistent-http: git-remote-persistent-https
 	ln -f -s git-remote-persistent-https git-remote-persistent-http
 
 git-remote-persistent-https:
+	case $$(go version) in \
+	"go version go"1.[0-5].*) EQ=" " ;; *) EQ="=" ;; esac && \
 	go build -o git-remote-persistent-https \
-		-ldflags "-X main._BUILD_EMBED_LABEL $(BUILD_LABEL)"
+		-ldflags "-X main._BUILD_EMBED_LABEL$${EQ}$(BUILD_LABEL)"
 
 clean:
 	rm -f git-remote-persistent-http* *.tar.gz
diff --git a/contrib/persistent-https/README b/contrib/persistent-https/README
index f784dd2e66..7c4cd8d257 100644
--- a/contrib/persistent-https/README
+++ b/contrib/persistent-https/README
@@ -35,6 +35,16 @@ to use persistent-https:
 [url "persistent-http"]
 	insteadof = http
 
+You may also want to allow the use of the persistent-https helper for
+submodule URLs (since any https URLs pointing to submodules will be
+rewritten, and Git's out-of-the-box defaults forbid submodules from
+using unknown remote helpers):
+
+[protocol "persistent-https"]
+	allow = always
+[protocol "persistent-http"]
+	allow = always
+
 
 #####################################################################
 # BUILDING FROM SOURCE
diff --git a/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-bzr b/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-bzr
index 712a1377e2..1c3d87f861 100755
--- a/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-bzr
+++ b/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-bzr
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
+#!/bin/sh
 
-import sys
-
-sys.stderr.write('WARNING: git-remote-bzr is now maintained independently.\n')
-sys.stderr.write('WARNING: For more information visit https://github.com/felipec/git-remote-bzr\n')
-
-sys.stderr.write('''WARNING:
+cat >&2 <<'EOT'
+WARNING: git-remote-bzr is now maintained independently.
+WARNING: For more information visit https://github.com/felipec/git-remote-bzr
+WARNING:
 WARNING: You can pick a directory on your $PATH and download it, e.g.:
-WARNING:   $ wget -O $HOME/bin/git-remote-bzr \\
+WARNING:   $ wget -O $HOME/bin/git-remote-bzr \
 WARNING:     https://raw.github.com/felipec/git-remote-bzr/master/git-remote-bzr
 WARNING:   $ chmod +x $HOME/bin/git-remote-bzr
-''')
+EOT
diff --git a/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-hg b/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-hg
index 4255ad6312..8e9188364c 100755
--- a/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-hg
+++ b/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-hg
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
+#!/bin/sh
 
-import sys
-
-sys.stderr.write('WARNING: git-remote-hg is now maintained independently.\n')
-sys.stderr.write('WARNING: For more information visit https://github.com/felipec/git-remote-hg\n')
-
-sys.stderr.write('''WARNING:
+cat >&2 <<'EOT'
+WARNING: git-remote-hg is now maintained independently.
+WARNING: For more information visit https://github.com/felipec/git-remote-hg
+WARNING:
 WARNING: You can pick a directory on your $PATH and download it, e.g.:
-WARNING:   $ wget -O $HOME/bin/git-remote-hg \\
+WARNING:   $ wget -O $HOME/bin/git-remote-hg \
 WARNING:     https://raw.github.com/felipec/git-remote-hg/master/git-remote-hg
 WARNING:   $ chmod +x $HOME/bin/git-remote-hg
-''')
+EOT
diff --git a/contrib/rerere-train.sh b/contrib/rerere-train.sh
index 36b6feebe0..eeee45dd34 100755
--- a/contrib/rerere-train.sh
+++ b/contrib/rerere-train.sh
@@ -3,11 +3,57 @@
 # Prime rerere database from existing merge commits
 
 me=rerere-train
-USAGE="$me rev-list-args"
+USAGE=$(cat <<-EOF
+usage: $me [--overwrite] <rev-list-args>
+
+    -h, --help            show the help
+    -o, --overwrite       overwrite any existing rerere cache
+EOF
+)
 
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
-OPTIONS_SPEC=
-. $(git --exec-path)/git-sh-setup
+
+overwrite=0
+
+while test $# -gt 0
+do
+	opt="$1"
+	case "$opt" in
+	-h|--help)
+		echo "$USAGE"
+		exit 0
+		;;
+	-o|--overwrite)
+		overwrite=1
+		shift
+		break
+		;;
+	--)
+		shift
+		break
+		;;
+	*)
+		break
+		;;
+	esac
+done
+
+# Overwrite or help options are not valid except as first arg
+for opt in "$@"
+do
+	case "$opt" in
+	-h|--help)
+		echo "$USAGE"
+		exit 0
+		;;
+	-o|--overwrite)
+		echo "$USAGE"
+		exit 0
+		;;
+	esac
+done
+
+. "$(git --exec-path)/git-sh-setup"
 require_work_tree
 cd_to_toplevel
 
@@ -34,6 +80,10 @@ do
 		# Cleanly merges
 		continue
 	fi
+	if test $overwrite = 1
+	then
+		git rerere forget .
+	fi
 	if test -s "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_RR"
 	then
 		git show -s --pretty=format:"Learning from %h %s" "$commit"
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/Makefile b/contrib/subtree/Makefile
index 3071baf493..5c6cc4ab2c 100644
--- a/contrib/subtree/Makefile
+++ b/contrib/subtree/Makefile
@@ -19,15 +19,27 @@ htmldir ?= $(prefix)/share/doc/git-doc
 INSTALL  ?= install
 RM       ?= rm -f
 
-ASCIIDOC = asciidoc
-XMLTO    = xmlto
+ASCIIDOC         = asciidoc
+ASCIIDOC_CONF    = -f ../../Documentation/asciidoc.conf
+ASCIIDOC_HTML    = xhtml11
+ASCIIDOC_DOCBOOK = docbook
+ASCIIDOC_EXTRA   =
+XMLTO            = xmlto
+
+ifdef USE_ASCIIDOCTOR
+ASCIIDOC         = asciidoctor
+ASCIIDOC_CONF    =
+ASCIIDOC_HTML    = xhtml5
+ASCIIDOC_DOCBOOK = docbook45
+ASCIIDOC_EXTRA  += -I../../Documentation -rasciidoctor-extensions
+ASCIIDOC_EXTRA  += -alitdd='&\#x2d;&\#x2d;'
+endif
 
 ifndef SHELL_PATH
 	SHELL_PATH = /bin/sh
 endif
 SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
 
-ASCIIDOC_CONF = ../../Documentation/asciidoc.conf
 MANPAGE_XSL   = ../../Documentation/manpage-normal.xsl
 
 GIT_SUBTREE_SH := git-subtree.sh
@@ -37,6 +49,7 @@ GIT_SUBTREE_DOC := git-subtree.1
 GIT_SUBTREE_XML := git-subtree.xml
 GIT_SUBTREE_TXT := git-subtree.txt
 GIT_SUBTREE_HTML := git-subtree.html
+GIT_SUBTREE_TEST := ../../git-subtree
 
 all:: $(GIT_SUBTREE)
 
@@ -64,14 +77,17 @@ $(GIT_SUBTREE_DOC): $(GIT_SUBTREE_XML)
 	$(XMLTO) -m $(MANPAGE_XSL) man $^
 
 $(GIT_SUBTREE_XML): $(GIT_SUBTREE_TXT)
-	$(ASCIIDOC) -b docbook -d manpage -f $(ASCIIDOC_CONF) \
-		-agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) $^
+	$(ASCIIDOC) -b $(ASCIIDOC_DOCBOOK) -d manpage $(ASCIIDOC_CONF) \
+		-agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) $(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) $^
 
 $(GIT_SUBTREE_HTML): $(GIT_SUBTREE_TXT)
-	$(ASCIIDOC) -b xhtml11 -d manpage -f $(ASCIIDOC_CONF) \
-		-agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) $^
+	$(ASCIIDOC) -b $(ASCIIDOC_HTML) -d manpage $(ASCIIDOC_CONF) \
+		-agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) $(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) $^
+
+$(GIT_SUBTREE_TEST): $(GIT_SUBTREE)
+	cp $< $@
 
-test:
+test: $(GIT_SUBTREE_TEST)
 	$(MAKE) -C t/ test
 
 clean:
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.sh b/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.sh
index fa1a5839af..d3f39a862a 100755
--- a/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.sh
+++ b/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.sh
@@ -4,8 +4,9 @@
 #
 # Copyright (C) 2009 Avery Pennarun <apenwarr@gmail.com>
 #
-if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then
-    set -- -h
+if test $# -eq 0
+then
+	set -- -h
 fi
 OPTS_SPEC="\
 git subtree add   --prefix=<prefix> <commit>
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ b,branch=     create a new branch from the split subtree
 ignore-joins  ignore prior --rejoin commits
 onto=         try connecting new tree to an existing one
 rejoin        merge the new branch back into HEAD
- options for 'add', 'merge', 'pull' and 'push'
+ options for 'add', 'merge', and 'pull'
 squash        merge subtree changes as a single commit
 "
 eval "$(echo "$OPTS_SPEC" | git rev-parse --parseopt -- "$@" || echo exit $?)"
@@ -48,82 +49,144 @@ squash=
 message=
 prefix=
 
-debug()
-{
-	if [ -n "$debug" ]; then
-		echo "$@" >&2
+debug () {
+	if test -n "$debug"
+	then
+		printf "%s\n" "$*" >&2
 	fi
 }
 
-say()
-{
-	if [ -z "$quiet" ]; then
-		echo "$@" >&2
+say () {
+	if test -z "$quiet"
+	then
+		printf "%s\n" "$*" >&2
 	fi
 }
 
-assert()
-{
-	if "$@"; then
-		:
-	else
-		die "assertion failed: " "$@"
+progress () {
+	if test -z "$quiet"
+	then
+		printf "%s\r" "$*" >&2
 	fi
 }
 
+assert () {
+	if ! "$@"
+	then
+		die "assertion failed: " "$@"
+	fi
+}
 
-#echo "Options: $*"
 
-while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
+while test $# -gt 0
+do
 	opt="$1"
 	shift
+
 	case "$opt" in
-		-q) quiet=1 ;;
-		-d) debug=1 ;;
-		--annotate) annotate="$1"; shift ;;
-		--no-annotate) annotate= ;;
-		-b) branch="$1"; shift ;;
-		-P) prefix="$1"; shift ;;
-		-m) message="$1"; shift ;;
-		--no-prefix) prefix= ;;
-		--onto) onto="$1"; shift ;;
-		--no-onto) onto= ;;
-		--rejoin) rejoin=1 ;;
-		--no-rejoin) rejoin= ;;
-		--ignore-joins) ignore_joins=1 ;;
-		--no-ignore-joins) ignore_joins= ;;
-		--squash) squash=1 ;;
-		--no-squash) squash= ;;
-		--) break ;;
-		*) die "Unexpected option: $opt" ;;
+	-q)
+		quiet=1
+		;;
+	-d)
+		debug=1
+		;;
+	--annotate)
+		annotate="$1"
+		shift
+		;;
+	--no-annotate)
+		annotate=
+		;;
+	-b)
+		branch="$1"
+		shift
+		;;
+	-P)
+		prefix="${1%/}"
+		shift
+		;;
+	-m)
+		message="$1"
+		shift
+		;;
+	--no-prefix)
+		prefix=
+		;;
+	--onto)
+		onto="$1"
+		shift
+		;;
+	--no-onto)
+		onto=
+		;;
+	--rejoin)
+		rejoin=1
+		;;
+	--no-rejoin)
+		rejoin=
+		;;
+	--ignore-joins)
+		ignore_joins=1
+		;;
+	--no-ignore-joins)
+		ignore_joins=
+		;;
+	--squash)
+		squash=1
+		;;
+	--no-squash)
+		squash=
+		;;
+	--)
+		break
+		;;
+	*)
+		die "Unexpected option: $opt"
+		;;
 	esac
 done
 
 command="$1"
 shift
+
 case "$command" in
-	add|merge|pull) default= ;;
-	split|push) default="--default HEAD" ;;
-	*) die "Unknown command '$command'" ;;
+add|merge|pull)
+	default=
+	;;
+split|push)
+	default="--default HEAD"
+	;;
+*)
+	die "Unknown command '$command'"
+	;;
 esac
 
-if [ -z "$prefix" ]; then
+if test -z "$prefix"
+then
 	die "You must provide the --prefix option."
 fi
 
 case "$command" in
-	add) [ -e "$prefix" ] && 
-		die "prefix '$prefix' already exists." ;;
-	*)   [ -e "$prefix" ] || 
-		die "'$prefix' does not exist; use 'git subtree add'" ;;
+add)
+	test -e "$prefix" &&
+		die "prefix '$prefix' already exists."
+	;;
+*)
+	test -e "$prefix" ||
+		die "'$prefix' does not exist; use 'git subtree add'"
+	;;
 esac
 
 dir="$(dirname "$prefix/.")"
 
-if [ "$command" != "pull" -a "$command" != "add" -a "$command" != "push" ]; then
+if test "$command" != "pull" &&
+		test "$command" != "add" &&
+		test "$command" != "push"
+then
 	revs=$(git rev-parse $default --revs-only "$@") || exit $?
-	dirs="$(git rev-parse --no-revs --no-flags "$@")" || exit $?
-	if [ -n "$dirs" ]; then
+	dirs=$(git rev-parse --no-revs --no-flags "$@") || exit $?
+	if test -n "$dirs"
+	then
 		die "Error: Use --prefix instead of bare filenames."
 	fi
 fi
@@ -135,78 +198,82 @@ debug "dir: {$dir}"
 debug "opts: {$*}"
 debug
 
-cache_setup()
-{
+cache_setup () {
 	cachedir="$GIT_DIR/subtree-cache/$$"
-	rm -rf "$cachedir" || die "Can't delete old cachedir: $cachedir"
-	mkdir -p "$cachedir" || die "Can't create new cachedir: $cachedir"
-	mkdir -p "$cachedir/notree" || die "Can't create new cachedir: $cachedir/notree"
+	rm -rf "$cachedir" ||
+		die "Can't delete old cachedir: $cachedir"
+	mkdir -p "$cachedir" ||
+		die "Can't create new cachedir: $cachedir"
+	mkdir -p "$cachedir/notree" ||
+		die "Can't create new cachedir: $cachedir/notree"
 	debug "Using cachedir: $cachedir" >&2
 }
 
-cache_get()
-{
-	for oldrev in $*; do
-		if [ -r "$cachedir/$oldrev" ]; then
+cache_get () {
+	for oldrev in "$@"
+	do
+		if test -r "$cachedir/$oldrev"
+		then
 			read newrev <"$cachedir/$oldrev"
 			echo $newrev
 		fi
 	done
 }
 
-cache_miss()
-{
-	for oldrev in $*; do
-		if [ ! -r "$cachedir/$oldrev" ]; then
+cache_miss () {
+	for oldrev in "$@"
+	do
+		if ! test -r "$cachedir/$oldrev"
+		then
 			echo $oldrev
 		fi
 	done
 }
 
-check_parents()
-{
-	missed=$(cache_miss $*)
-	for miss in $missed; do
-		if [ ! -r "$cachedir/notree/$miss" ]; then
+check_parents () {
+	missed=$(cache_miss "$@")
+	for miss in $missed
+	do
+		if ! test -r "$cachedir/notree/$miss"
+		then
 			debug "  incorrect order: $miss"
 		fi
 	done
 }
 
-set_notree()
-{
+set_notree () {
 	echo "1" > "$cachedir/notree/$1"
 }
 
-cache_set()
-{
+cache_set () {
 	oldrev="$1"
 	newrev="$2"
-	if [ "$oldrev" != "latest_old" \
-	     -a "$oldrev" != "latest_new" \
-	     -a -e "$cachedir/$oldrev" ]; then
+	if test "$oldrev" != "latest_old" &&
+		test "$oldrev" != "latest_new" &&
+		test -e "$cachedir/$oldrev"
+	then
 		die "cache for $oldrev already exists!"
 	fi
 	echo "$newrev" >"$cachedir/$oldrev"
 }
 
-rev_exists()
-{
-	if git rev-parse "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+rev_exists () {
+	if git rev-parse "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1
+	then
 		return 0
 	else
 		return 1
 	fi
 }
 
-rev_is_descendant_of_branch()
-{
+rev_is_descendant_of_branch () {
 	newrev="$1"
 	branch="$2"
-	branch_hash=$(git rev-parse $branch)
-	match=$(git rev-list -1 $branch_hash ^$newrev)
+	branch_hash=$(git rev-parse "$branch")
+	match=$(git rev-list -1 "$branch_hash" "^$newrev")
 
-	if [ -z "$match" ]; then
+	if test -z "$match"
+	then
 		return 0
 	else
 		return 1
@@ -216,89 +283,106 @@ rev_is_descendant_of_branch()
 # if a commit doesn't have a parent, this might not work.  But we only want
 # to remove the parent from the rev-list, and since it doesn't exist, it won't
 # be there anyway, so do nothing in that case.
-try_remove_previous()
-{
-	if rev_exists "$1^"; then
+try_remove_previous () {
+	if rev_exists "$1^"
+	then
 		echo "^$1^"
 	fi
 }
 
-find_latest_squash()
-{
+find_latest_squash () {
 	debug "Looking for latest squash ($dir)..."
 	dir="$1"
 	sq=
 	main=
 	sub=
 	git log --grep="^git-subtree-dir: $dir/*\$" \
-		--pretty=format:'START %H%n%s%n%n%b%nEND%n' HEAD |
-	while read a b junk; do
+		--no-show-signature --pretty=format:'START %H%n%s%n%n%b%nEND%n' HEAD |
+	while read a b junk
+	do
 		debug "$a $b $junk"
 		debug "{{$sq/$main/$sub}}"
 		case "$a" in
-			START) sq="$b" ;;
-			git-subtree-mainline:) main="$b" ;;
-			git-subtree-split:) sub="$b" ;;
-			END)
-				if [ -n "$sub" ]; then
-					if [ -n "$main" ]; then
-						# a rejoin commit?
-						# Pretend its sub was a squash.
-						sq="$sub"
-					fi
-					debug "Squash found: $sq $sub"
-					echo "$sq" "$sub"
-					break
+		START)
+			sq="$b"
+			;;
+		git-subtree-mainline:)
+			main="$b"
+			;;
+		git-subtree-split:)
+			sub="$(git rev-parse "$b^0")" ||
+			die "could not rev-parse split hash $b from commit $sq"
+			;;
+		END)
+			if test -n "$sub"
+			then
+				if test -n "$main"
+				then
+					# a rejoin commit?
+					# Pretend its sub was a squash.
+					sq="$sub"
 				fi
-				sq=
-				main=
-				sub=
-				;;
+				debug "Squash found: $sq $sub"
+				echo "$sq" "$sub"
+				break
+			fi
+			sq=
+			main=
+			sub=
+			;;
 		esac
 	done
 }
 
-find_existing_splits()
-{
+find_existing_splits () {
 	debug "Looking for prior splits..."
 	dir="$1"
 	revs="$2"
 	main=
 	sub=
 	git log --grep="^git-subtree-dir: $dir/*\$" \
-		--pretty=format:'START %H%n%s%n%n%b%nEND%n' $revs |
-	while read a b junk; do
+		--no-show-signature --pretty=format:'START %H%n%s%n%n%b%nEND%n' $revs |
+	while read a b junk
+	do
 		case "$a" in
-			START) sq="$b" ;;
-			git-subtree-mainline:) main="$b" ;;
-			git-subtree-split:) sub="$b" ;;
-			END)
-				debug "  Main is: '$main'"
-				if [ -z "$main" -a -n "$sub" ]; then
-					# squash commits refer to a subtree
-					debug "  Squash: $sq from $sub"
-					cache_set "$sq" "$sub"
-				fi
-				if [ -n "$main" -a -n "$sub" ]; then
-					debug "  Prior: $main -> $sub"
-					cache_set $main $sub
-					cache_set $sub $sub
-					try_remove_previous "$main"
-					try_remove_previous "$sub"
-				fi
-				main=
-				sub=
-				;;
+		START)
+			sq="$b"
+			;;
+		git-subtree-mainline:)
+			main="$b"
+			;;
+		git-subtree-split:)
+			sub="$(git rev-parse "$b^0")" ||
+			die "could not rev-parse split hash $b from commit $sq"
+			;;
+		END)
+			debug "  Main is: '$main'"
+			if test -z "$main" -a -n "$sub"
+			then
+				# squash commits refer to a subtree
+				debug "  Squash: $sq from $sub"
+				cache_set "$sq" "$sub"
+			fi
+			if test -n "$main" -a -n "$sub"
+			then
+				debug "  Prior: $main -> $sub"
+				cache_set $main $sub
+				cache_set $sub $sub
+				try_remove_previous "$main"
+				try_remove_previous "$sub"
+			fi
+			main=
+			sub=
+			;;
 		esac
 	done
 }
 
-copy_commit()
-{
+copy_commit () {
 	# We're going to set some environment vars here, so
 	# do it in a subshell to get rid of them safely later
 	debug copy_commit "{$1}" "{$2}" "{$3}"
-	git log -1 --pretty=format:'%an%n%ae%n%ad%n%cn%n%ce%n%cd%n%B' "$1" |
+	git log -1 --no-show-signature --pretty=format:'%an%n%ae%n%aD%n%cn%n%ce%n%cD%n%B' "$1" |
 	(
 		read GIT_AUTHOR_NAME
 		read GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
@@ -312,109 +396,112 @@ copy_commit()
 			GIT_COMMITTER_NAME \
 			GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL \
 			GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-		(printf "%s" "$annotate"; cat ) |
+		(
+			printf "%s" "$annotate"
+			cat
+		) |
 		git commit-tree "$2" $3  # reads the rest of stdin
 	) || die "Can't copy commit $1"
 }
 
-add_msg()
-{
+add_msg () {
 	dir="$1"
 	latest_old="$2"
 	latest_new="$3"
-	if [ -n "$message" ]; then
+	if test -n "$message"
+	then
 		commit_message="$message"
 	else
 		commit_message="Add '$dir/' from commit '$latest_new'"
 	fi
 	cat <<-EOF
 		$commit_message
-		
+
 		git-subtree-dir: $dir
 		git-subtree-mainline: $latest_old
 		git-subtree-split: $latest_new
 	EOF
 }
 
-add_squashed_msg()
-{
-	if [ -n "$message" ]; then
+add_squashed_msg () {
+	if test -n "$message"
+	then
 		echo "$message"
 	else
 		echo "Merge commit '$1' as '$2'"
 	fi
 }
 
-rejoin_msg()
-{
+rejoin_msg () {
 	dir="$1"
 	latest_old="$2"
 	latest_new="$3"
-	if [ -n "$message" ]; then
+	if test -n "$message"
+	then
 		commit_message="$message"
 	else
 		commit_message="Split '$dir/' into commit '$latest_new'"
 	fi
 	cat <<-EOF
 		$commit_message
-		
+
 		git-subtree-dir: $dir
 		git-subtree-mainline: $latest_old
 		git-subtree-split: $latest_new
 	EOF
 }
 
-squash_msg()
-{
+squash_msg () {
 	dir="$1"
 	oldsub="$2"
 	newsub="$3"
 	newsub_short=$(git rev-parse --short "$newsub")
-	
-	if [ -n "$oldsub" ]; then
+
+	if test -n "$oldsub"
+	then
 		oldsub_short=$(git rev-parse --short "$oldsub")
 		echo "Squashed '$dir/' changes from $oldsub_short..$newsub_short"
 		echo
-		git log --pretty=tformat:'%h %s' "$oldsub..$newsub"
-		git log --pretty=tformat:'REVERT: %h %s' "$newsub..$oldsub"
+		git log --no-show-signature --pretty=tformat:'%h %s' "$oldsub..$newsub"
+		git log --no-show-signature --pretty=tformat:'REVERT: %h %s' "$newsub..$oldsub"
 	else
 		echo "Squashed '$dir/' content from commit $newsub_short"
 	fi
-	
+
 	echo
 	echo "git-subtree-dir: $dir"
 	echo "git-subtree-split: $newsub"
 }
 
-toptree_for_commit()
-{
+toptree_for_commit () {
 	commit="$1"
-	git log -1 --pretty=format:'%T' "$commit" -- || exit $?
+	git rev-parse --verify "$commit^{tree}" || exit $?
 }
 
-subtree_for_commit()
-{
+subtree_for_commit () {
 	commit="$1"
 	dir="$2"
 	git ls-tree "$commit" -- "$dir" |
-	while read mode type tree name; do
-		assert [ "$name" = "$dir" ]
-		assert [ "$type" = "tree" -o "$type" = "commit" ]
-		[ "$type" = "commit" ] && continue  # ignore submodules
+	while read mode type tree name
+	do
+		assert test "$name" = "$dir"
+		assert test "$type" = "tree" -o "$type" = "commit"
+		test "$type" = "commit" && continue  # ignore submodules
 		echo $tree
 		break
 	done
 }
 
-tree_changed()
-{
+tree_changed () {
 	tree=$1
 	shift
-	if [ $# -ne 1 ]; then
+	if test $# -ne 1
+	then
 		return 0   # weird parents, consider it changed
 	else
 		ptree=$(toptree_for_commit $1)
-		if [ "$ptree" != "$tree" ]; then
+		if test "$ptree" != "$tree"
+		then
 			return 0   # changed
 		else
 			return 1   # not changed
@@ -422,110 +509,127 @@ tree_changed()
 	fi
 }
 
-new_squash_commit()
-{
+new_squash_commit () {
 	old="$1"
 	oldsub="$2"
 	newsub="$3"
 	tree=$(toptree_for_commit $newsub) || exit $?
-	if [ -n "$old" ]; then
-		squash_msg "$dir" "$oldsub" "$newsub" | 
-			git commit-tree "$tree" -p "$old" || exit $?
+	if test -n "$old"
+	then
+		squash_msg "$dir" "$oldsub" "$newsub" |
+		git commit-tree "$tree" -p "$old" || exit $?
 	else
 		squash_msg "$dir" "" "$newsub" |
-			git commit-tree "$tree" || exit $?
+		git commit-tree "$tree" || exit $?
 	fi
 }
 
-copy_or_skip()
-{
+copy_or_skip () {
 	rev="$1"
 	tree="$2"
 	newparents="$3"
-	assert [ -n "$tree" ]
+	assert test -n "$tree"
 
 	identical=
 	nonidentical=
 	p=
 	gotparents=
-	for parent in $newparents; do
+	for parent in $newparents
+	do
 		ptree=$(toptree_for_commit $parent) || exit $?
-		[ -z "$ptree" ] && continue
-		if [ "$ptree" = "$tree" ]; then
+		test -z "$ptree" && continue
+		if test "$ptree" = "$tree"
+		then
 			# an identical parent could be used in place of this rev.
 			identical="$parent"
 		else
 			nonidentical="$parent"
 		fi
-		
+
 		# sometimes both old parents map to the same newparent;
 		# eliminate duplicates
 		is_new=1
-		for gp in $gotparents; do
-			if [ "$gp" = "$parent" ]; then
+		for gp in $gotparents
+		do
+			if test "$gp" = "$parent"
+			then
 				is_new=
 				break
 			fi
 		done
-		if [ -n "$is_new" ]; then
+		if test -n "$is_new"
+		then
 			gotparents="$gotparents $parent"
 			p="$p -p $parent"
 		fi
 	done
-	
-	if [ -n "$identical" ]; then
+
+	copycommit=
+	if test -n "$identical" && test -n "$nonidentical"
+	then
+		extras=$(git rev-list --count $identical..$nonidentical)
+		if test "$extras" -ne 0
+		then
+			# we need to preserve history along the other branch
+			copycommit=1
+		fi
+	fi
+	if test -n "$identical" && test -z "$copycommit"
+	then
 		echo $identical
 	else
-		copy_commit $rev $tree "$p" || exit $?
+		copy_commit "$rev" "$tree" "$p" || exit $?
 	fi
 }
 
-ensure_clean()
-{
-	if ! git diff-index HEAD --exit-code --quiet 2>&1; then
+ensure_clean () {
+	if ! git diff-index HEAD --exit-code --quiet 2>&1
+	then
 		die "Working tree has modifications.  Cannot add."
 	fi
-	if ! git diff-index --cached HEAD --exit-code --quiet 2>&1; then
+	if ! git diff-index --cached HEAD --exit-code --quiet 2>&1
+	then
 		die "Index has modifications.  Cannot add."
 	fi
 }
 
-ensure_valid_ref_format()
-{
+ensure_valid_ref_format () {
 	git check-ref-format "refs/heads/$1" ||
-	    die "'$1' does not look like a ref"
+		die "'$1' does not look like a ref"
 }
 
-cmd_add()
-{
-	if [ -e "$dir" ]; then
+cmd_add () {
+	if test -e "$dir"
+	then
 		die "'$dir' already exists.  Cannot add."
 	fi
 
 	ensure_clean
-	
-	if [ $# -eq 1 ]; then
-	    git rev-parse -q --verify "$1^{commit}" >/dev/null ||
-	    die "'$1' does not refer to a commit"
-
-	    "cmd_add_commit" "$@"
-	elif [ $# -eq 2 ]; then
-	    # Technically we could accept a refspec here but we're
-	    # just going to turn around and add FETCH_HEAD under the
-	    # specified directory.  Allowing a refspec might be
-	    # misleading because we won't do anything with any other
-	    # branches fetched via the refspec.
-	    ensure_valid_ref_format "$2"
-
-	    "cmd_add_repository" "$@"
+
+	if test $# -eq 1
+	then
+		git rev-parse -q --verify "$1^{commit}" >/dev/null ||
+			die "'$1' does not refer to a commit"
+
+		cmd_add_commit "$@"
+
+	elif test $# -eq 2
+	then
+		# Technically we could accept a refspec here but we're
+		# just going to turn around and add FETCH_HEAD under the
+		# specified directory.  Allowing a refspec might be
+		# misleading because we won't do anything with any other
+		# branches fetched via the refspec.
+		ensure_valid_ref_format "$2"
+
+		cmd_add_repository "$@"
 	else
-	    say "error: parameters were '$@'"
-	    die "Provide either a commit or a repository and commit."
+		say "error: parameters were '$@'"
+		die "Provide either a commit or a repository and commit."
 	fi
 }
 
-cmd_add_repository()
-{
+cmd_add_repository () {
 	echo "git fetch" "$@"
 	repository=$1
 	refspec=$2
@@ -535,60 +639,63 @@ cmd_add_repository()
 	cmd_add_commit "$@"
 }
 
-cmd_add_commit()
-{
+cmd_add_commit () {
 	revs=$(git rev-parse $default --revs-only "$@") || exit $?
 	set -- $revs
 	rev="$1"
-	
+
 	debug "Adding $dir as '$rev'..."
 	git read-tree --prefix="$dir" $rev || exit $?
 	git checkout -- "$dir" || exit $?
 	tree=$(git write-tree) || exit $?
-	
+
 	headrev=$(git rev-parse HEAD) || exit $?
-	if [ -n "$headrev" -a "$headrev" != "$rev" ]; then
+	if test -n "$headrev" && test "$headrev" != "$rev"
+	then
 		headp="-p $headrev"
 	else
 		headp=
 	fi
-	
-	if [ -n "$squash" ]; then
+
+	if test -n "$squash"
+	then
 		rev=$(new_squash_commit "" "" "$rev") || exit $?
 		commit=$(add_squashed_msg "$rev" "$dir" |
-			 git commit-tree $tree $headp -p "$rev") || exit $?
+			git commit-tree "$tree" $headp -p "$rev") || exit $?
 	else
 		revp=$(peel_committish "$rev") &&
-		commit=$(add_msg "$dir" "$headrev" "$rev" |
-			 git commit-tree $tree $headp -p "$revp") || exit $?
+		commit=$(add_msg "$dir" $headrev "$rev" |
+			git commit-tree "$tree" $headp -p "$revp") || exit $?
 	fi
 	git reset "$commit" || exit $?
-	
+
 	say "Added dir '$dir'"
 }
 
-cmd_split()
-{
+cmd_split () {
 	debug "Splitting $dir..."
 	cache_setup || exit $?
-	
-	if [ -n "$onto" ]; then
+
+	if test -n "$onto"
+	then
 		debug "Reading history for --onto=$onto..."
 		git rev-list $onto |
-		while read rev; do
+		while read rev
+		do
 			# the 'onto' history is already just the subdir, so
 			# any parent we find there can be used verbatim
 			debug "  cache: $rev"
-			cache_set $rev $rev
+			cache_set "$rev" "$rev"
 		done
 	fi
-	
-	if [ -n "$ignore_joins" ]; then
+
+	if test -n "$ignore_joins"
+	then
 		unrevs=
 	else
 		unrevs="$(find_existing_splits "$dir" "$revs")"
 	fi
-	
+
 	# We can't restrict rev-list to only $dir here, because some of our
 	# parents have the $dir contents the root, and those won't match.
 	# (and rev-list --follow doesn't seem to solve this)
@@ -597,12 +704,14 @@ cmd_split()
 	revcount=0
 	createcount=0
 	eval "$grl" |
-	while read rev parents; do
+	while read rev parents
+	do
 		revcount=$(($revcount + 1))
-		say -n "$revcount/$revmax ($createcount)
"
+		progress "$revcount/$revmax ($createcount)"
 		debug "Processing commit: $rev"
-		exists=$(cache_get $rev)
-		if [ -n "$exists" ]; then
+		exists=$(cache_get "$rev")
+		if test -n "$exists"
+		then
 			debug "  prior: $exists"
 			continue
 		fi
@@ -610,76 +719,89 @@ cmd_split()
 		debug "  parents: $parents"
 		newparents=$(cache_get $parents)
 		debug "  newparents: $newparents"
-		
-		tree=$(subtree_for_commit $rev "$dir")
+
+		tree=$(subtree_for_commit "$rev" "$dir")
 		debug "  tree is: $tree"
 
 		check_parents $parents
-		
+
 		# ugly.  is there no better way to tell if this is a subtree
 		# vs. a mainline commit?  Does it matter?
-		if [ -z $tree ]; then
-			set_notree $rev
-			if [ -n "$newparents" ]; then
-				cache_set $rev $rev
+		if test -z "$tree"
+		then
+			set_notree "$rev"
+			if test -n "$newparents"
+			then
+				cache_set "$rev" "$rev"
 			fi
 			continue
 		fi
 
 		newrev=$(copy_or_skip "$rev" "$tree" "$newparents") || exit $?
 		debug "  newrev is: $newrev"
-		cache_set $rev $newrev
-		cache_set latest_new $newrev
-		cache_set latest_old $rev
+		cache_set "$rev" "$newrev"
+		cache_set latest_new "$newrev"
+		cache_set latest_old "$rev"
 	done || exit $?
+
 	latest_new=$(cache_get latest_new)
-	if [ -z "$latest_new" ]; then
+	if test -z "$latest_new"
+	then
 		die "No new revisions were found"
 	fi
-	
-	if [ -n "$rejoin" ]; then
+
+	if test -n "$rejoin"
+	then
 		debug "Merging split branch into HEAD..."
 		latest_old=$(cache_get latest_old)
 		git merge -s ours \
-			-m "$(rejoin_msg $dir $latest_old $latest_new)" \
-			$latest_new >&2 || exit $?
-	fi
-	if [ -n "$branch" ]; then
-		if rev_exists "refs/heads/$branch"; then
-			if ! rev_is_descendant_of_branch $latest_new $branch; then
+			--allow-unrelated-histories \
+			-m "$(rejoin_msg "$dir" "$latest_old" "$latest_new")" \
+			"$latest_new" >&2 || exit $?
+	fi
+	if test -n "$branch"
+	then
+		if rev_exists "refs/heads/$branch"
+		then
+			if ! rev_is_descendant_of_branch "$latest_new" "$branch"
+			then
 				die "Branch '$branch' is not an ancestor of commit '$latest_new'."
 			fi
 			action='Updated'
 		else
 			action='Created'
 		fi
-		git update-ref -m 'subtree split' "refs/heads/$branch" $latest_new || exit $?
+		git update-ref -m 'subtree split' \
+			"refs/heads/$branch" "$latest_new" || exit $?
 		say "$action branch '$branch'"
 	fi
-	echo $latest_new
+	echo "$latest_new"
 	exit 0
 }
 
-cmd_merge()
-{
+cmd_merge () {
 	revs=$(git rev-parse $default --revs-only "$@") || exit $?
 	ensure_clean
-	
+
 	set -- $revs
-	if [ $# -ne 1 ]; then
+	if test $# -ne 1
+	then
 		die "You must provide exactly one revision.  Got: '$revs'"
 	fi
 	rev="$1"
-	
-	if [ -n "$squash" ]; then
+
+	if test -n "$squash"
+	then
 		first_split="$(find_latest_squash "$dir")"
-		if [ -z "$first_split" ]; then
+		if test -z "$first_split"
+		then
 			die "Can't squash-merge: '$dir' was never added."
 		fi
 		set $first_split
 		old=$1
 		sub=$2
-		if [ "$sub" = "$rev" ]; then
+		if test "$sub" = "$rev"
+		then
 			say "Subtree is already at commit $rev."
 			exit 0
 		fi
@@ -689,25 +811,29 @@ cmd_merge()
 	fi
 
 	version=$(git version)
-	if [ "$version" \< "git version 1.7" ]; then
-		if [ -n "$message" ]; then
-			git merge -s subtree --message="$message" $rev
+	if test "$version" \< "git version 1.7"
+	then
+		if test -n "$message"
+		then
+			git merge -s subtree --message="$message" "$rev"
 		else
-			git merge -s subtree $rev
+			git merge -s subtree "$rev"
 		fi
 	else
-		if [ -n "$message" ]; then
-			git merge -Xsubtree="$prefix" --message="$message" $rev
+		if test -n "$message"
+		then
+			git merge -Xsubtree="$prefix" \
+				--message="$message" "$rev"
 		else
 			git merge -Xsubtree="$prefix" $rev
 		fi
 	fi
 }
 
-cmd_pull()
-{
-	if [ $# -ne 2 ]; then
-	    die "You must provide <repository> <ref>"
+cmd_pull () {
+	if test $# -ne 2
+	then
+		die "You must provide <repository> <ref>"
 	fi
 	ensure_clean
 	ensure_valid_ref_format "$2"
@@ -717,20 +843,21 @@ cmd_pull()
 	cmd_merge "$@"
 }
 
-cmd_push()
-{
-	if [ $# -ne 2 ]; then
-	    die "You must provide <repository> <ref>"
+cmd_push () {
+	if test $# -ne 2
+	then
+		die "You must provide <repository> <ref>"
 	fi
 	ensure_valid_ref_format "$2"
-	if [ -e "$dir" ]; then
-	    repository=$1
-	    refspec=$2
-	    echo "git push using: " $repository $refspec
-	    localrev=$(git subtree split --prefix="$prefix") || die
-	    git push $repository $localrev:refs/heads/$refspec
+	if test -e "$dir"
+	then
+		repository=$1
+		refspec=$2
+		echo "git push using: " "$repository" "$refspec"
+		localrev=$(git subtree split --prefix="$prefix") || die
+		git push "$repository" "$localrev":"refs/heads/$refspec"
 	else
-	    die "'$dir' must already exist. Try 'git subtree add'."
+		die "'$dir' must already exist. Try 'git subtree add'."
 	fi
 }
 
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.txt b/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.txt
index 54e4b4a243..352deda69d 100644
--- a/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.txt
+++ b/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.txt
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ as a subdirectory of your application.
 
 Subtrees are not to be confused with submodules, which are meant for
 the same task. Unlike submodules, subtrees do not need any special
-constructions (like .gitmodule files or gitlinks) be present in
+constructions (like .gitmodules files or gitlinks) be present in
 your repository, and do not force end-users of your
 repository to do anything special or to understand how subtrees
 work. A subtree is just a subdirectory that can be
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ OPTIONS
 OPTIONS FOR add, merge, push, pull
 ----------------------------------
 --squash::
-	This option is only valid for add, merge, push and pull
+	This option is only valid for add, merge, and pull
 	commands.
 +
 Instead of merging the entire history from the subtree project, produce
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/t/Makefile b/contrib/subtree/t/Makefile
index c864810389..276898eb6b 100644
--- a/contrib/subtree/t/Makefile
+++ b/contrib/subtree/t/Makefile
@@ -13,11 +13,23 @@ TAR ?= $(TAR)
 RM ?= rm -f
 PROVE ?= prove
 DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET ?= test
+TEST_LINT ?= test-lint
+
+ifdef TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY
+TEST_RESULTS_DIRECTORY = $(TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY)/test-results
+else
+TEST_RESULTS_DIRECTORY = ../../../t/test-results
+endif
 
 # Shell quote;
 SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
+PERL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PERL_PATH))
+TEST_RESULTS_DIRECTORY_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(TEST_RESULTS_DIRECTORY))
 
-T = $(wildcard t[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-*.sh)
+T = $(sort $(wildcard t[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-*.sh))
+TSVN = $(sort $(wildcard t91[0-9][0-9]-*.sh))
+TGITWEB = $(sort $(wildcard t95[0-9][0-9]-*.sh))
+THELPERS = $(sort $(filter-out $(T),$(wildcard *.sh)))
 
 all: $(DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET)
 
@@ -26,20 +38,22 @@ test: pre-clean $(TEST_LINT)
 
 prove: pre-clean $(TEST_LINT)
 	@echo "*** prove ***"; GIT_CONFIG=.git/config $(PROVE) --exec '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $(GIT_PROVE_OPTS) $(T) :: $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
-	$(MAKE) clean
+	$(MAKE) clean-except-prove-cache
 
 $(T):
 	@echo "*** $@ ***"; GIT_CONFIG=.git/config '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $@ $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
 
 pre-clean:
-	$(RM) -r test-results
+	$(RM) -r '$(TEST_RESULTS_DIRECTORY_SQ)'
 
-clean:
-	$(RM) -r 'trash directory'.* test-results
+clean-except-prove-cache:
+	$(RM) -r 'trash directory'.* '$(TEST_RESULTS_DIRECTORY_SQ)'
 	$(RM) -r valgrind/bin
+
+clean: clean-except-prove-cache
 	$(RM) .prove
 
-test-lint: test-lint-duplicates test-lint-executable
+test-lint: test-lint-duplicates test-lint-executable test-lint-shell-syntax
 
 test-lint-duplicates:
 	@dups=`echo $(T) | tr ' ' '\n' | sed 's/-.*//' | sort | uniq -d` && \
@@ -51,12 +65,15 @@ test-lint-executable:
 		test -z "$$bad" || { \
 		echo >&2 "non-executable tests:" $$bad; exit 1; }
 
+test-lint-shell-syntax:
+	@'$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' ../../../t/check-non-portable-shell.pl $(T) $(THELPERS)
+
 aggregate-results-and-cleanup: $(T)
 	$(MAKE) aggregate-results
 	$(MAKE) clean
 
 aggregate-results:
-	for f in ../../../t/test-results/t*-*.counts; do \
+	for f in '$(TEST_RESULTS_DIRECTORY_SQ)'/t*-*.counts; do \
 		echo "$$f"; \
 	done | '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ../../../t/aggregate-results.sh
 
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/t/t7900-subtree.sh b/contrib/subtree/t/t7900-subtree.sh
index 6309d124ca..57ff4b25c1 100755
--- a/contrib/subtree/t/t7900-subtree.sh
+++ b/contrib/subtree/t/t7900-subtree.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2012 Avery Pennaraum
+# Copyright (c) 2015 Alexey Shumkin
 #
 test_description='Basic porcelain support for subtrees
 
-This test verifies the basic operation of the merge, pull, add
+This test verifies the basic operation of the add, pull, merge
 and split subcommands of git subtree.
 '
 
@@ -13,13 +14,21 @@ export TEST_DIRECTORY
 
 . ../../../t/test-lib.sh
 
+subtree_test_create_repo()
+{
+	test_create_repo "$1" &&
+	(
+		cd "$1" &&
+		git config log.date relative
+	)
+}
+
 create()
 {
-	echo "$1" >"$1"
+	echo "$1" >"$1" &&
 	git add "$1"
 }
 
-
 check_equal()
 {
 	test_debug 'echo'
@@ -32,438 +41,994 @@ check_equal()
 	fi
 }
 
-fixnl()
+undo()
 {
-	t=""
-	while read x; do
-		t="$t$x "
-	done
-	echo $t
+	git reset --hard HEAD~
 }
 
-multiline()
+# Make sure no patch changes more than one file.
+# The original set of commits changed only one file each.
+# A multi-file change would imply that we pruned commits
+# too aggressively.
+join_commits()
 {
-	while read x; do
-		set -- $x
-		for d in "$@"; do
-			echo "$d"
-		done
+	commit=
+	all=
+	while read x y; do
+		if [ -z "$x" ]; then
+			continue
+		elif [ "$x" = "commit:" ]; then
+			if [ -n "$commit" ]; then
+				echo "$commit $all"
+				all=
+			fi
+			commit="$y"
+		else
+			all="$all $y"
+		fi
 	done
+	echo "$commit $all"
 }
 
-undo()
-{
-	git reset --hard HEAD~
-}
+test_create_commit() (
+	repo=$1 &&
+	commit=$2 &&
+	cd "$repo" &&
+	mkdir -p "$(dirname "$commit")" \
+	|| error "Could not create directory for commit"
+	echo "$commit" >"$commit" &&
+	git add "$commit" || error "Could not add commit"
+	git commit -m "$commit" || error "Could not commit"
+)
 
 last_commit_message()
 {
 	git log --pretty=format:%s -1
 }
 
-test_expect_success 'init subproj' '
-        test_create_repo subproj
-'
-
-# To the subproject!
-cd subproj
-
-test_expect_success 'add sub1' '
-        create sub1 &&
-        git commit -m "sub1" &&
-        git branch sub1 &&
-        git branch -m master subproj
-'
-
-# Save this hash for testing later.
-
-subdir_hash=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
-
-test_expect_success 'add sub2' '
-        create sub2 &&
-        git commit -m "sub2" &&
-        git branch sub2
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'add sub3' '
-        create sub3 &&
-        git commit -m "sub3" &&
-        git branch sub3
-'
-
-# Back to mainline
-cd ..
-
-test_expect_success 'add main4' '
-        create main4 &&
-        git commit -m "main4" &&
-        git branch -m master mainline &&
-        git branch subdir
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'fetch subproj history' '
-        git fetch ./subproj sub1 &&
-        git branch sub1 FETCH_HEAD
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'no subtree exists in main tree' '
-        test_must_fail git subtree merge --prefix=subdir sub1
-'
+subtree_test_count=0
+next_test() {
+	subtree_test_count=$(($subtree_test_count+1))
+}
 
-test_expect_success 'no pull from non-existant subtree' '
-        test_must_fail git subtree pull --prefix=subdir ./subproj sub1
-'
+#
+# Tests for 'git subtree add'
+#
 
-test_expect_success 'check if --message works for add' '
-        git subtree add --prefix=subdir --message="Added subproject" sub1 &&
-        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Added subproject" &&
-        undo
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'no merge from non-existent subtree' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		test_must_fail git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'check if --message works as -m and --prefix as -P' '
-        git subtree add -P subdir -m "Added subproject using git subtree" sub1 &&
-        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Added subproject using git subtree" &&
-        undo
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'no pull from non-existent subtree' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		test_must_fail git subtree pull --prefix="sub dir" ./"sub proj" master
+	)'
+
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'add subproj as subtree into sub dir/ with --prefix' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		check_equal "$(last_commit_message)" "Add '\''sub dir/'\'' from commit '\''$(git rev-parse FETCH_HEAD)'\''"
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'check if --message works with squash too' '
-        git subtree add -P subdir -m "Added subproject with squash" --squash sub1 &&
-        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Added subproject with squash" &&
-        undo
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'add subproj as subtree into sub dir/ with --prefix and --message' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" --message="Added subproject" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		check_equal "$(last_commit_message)" "Added subproject"
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'add subproj to mainline' '
-        git subtree add --prefix=subdir/ FETCH_HEAD &&
-        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Add '"'subdir/'"' from commit '"'"'''"$(git rev-parse sub1)"'''"'"'"
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'add subproj as subtree into sub dir/ with --prefix as -P and --message as -m' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add -P "sub dir" -m "Added subproject" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		check_equal "$(last_commit_message)" "Added subproject"
+	)
 '
 
-# this shouldn't actually do anything, since FETCH_HEAD is already a parent
-test_expect_success 'merge fetched subproj' '
-        git merge -m "merge -s -ours" -s ours FETCH_HEAD
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'add subproj as subtree into sub dir/ with --squash and --prefix and --message' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" --message="Added subproject with squash" --squash FETCH_HEAD &&
+		check_equal "$(last_commit_message)" "Added subproject with squash"
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'add main-sub5' '
-        create subdir/main-sub5 &&
-        git commit -m "main-sub5"
-'
+#
+# Tests for 'git subtree merge'
+#
 
-test_expect_success 'add main6' '
-        create main6 &&
-        git commit -m "main6 boring"
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'merge new subproj history into sub dir/ with --prefix' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		check_equal "$(last_commit_message)" "Merge commit '\''$(git rev-parse FETCH_HEAD)'\''"
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'add main-sub7' '
-        create subdir/main-sub7 &&
-        git commit -m "main-sub7"
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'merge new subproj history into sub dir/ with --prefix and --message' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" --message="Merged changes from subproject" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		check_equal "$(last_commit_message)" "Merged changes from subproject"
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'fetch new subproj history' '
-        git fetch ./subproj sub2 &&
-        git branch sub2 FETCH_HEAD
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'merge new subproj history into sub dir/ with --squash and --prefix and --message' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" --message="Merged changes from subproject using squash" --squash FETCH_HEAD &&
+		check_equal "$(last_commit_message)" "Merged changes from subproject using squash"
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'check if --message works for merge' '
-        git subtree merge --prefix=subdir -m "Merged changes from subproject" sub2 &&
-        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Merged changes from subproject" &&
-        undo
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'merge the added subproj again, should do nothing' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		# this shouldn not actually do anything, since FETCH_HEAD
+		# is already a parent
+		result=$(git merge -s ours -m "merge -s -ours" FETCH_HEAD) &&
+		check_equal "${result}" "Already up to date."
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'check if --message for merge works with squash too' '
-        git subtree merge --prefix subdir -m "Merged changes from subproject using squash" --squash sub2 &&
-        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Merged changes from subproject using squash" &&
-        undo
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'merge new subproj history into subdir/ with a slash appended to the argument of --prefix' '
+	test_create_repo "$test_count" &&
+	test_create_repo "$test_count/subproj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$test_count/subproj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./subproj master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix=subdir/ FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$test_count/subproj" sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./subproj master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix=subdir/ FETCH_HEAD &&
+		check_equal "$(last_commit_message)" "Merge commit '\''$(git rev-parse FETCH_HEAD)'\''"
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'merge new subproj history into subdir' '
-        git subtree merge --prefix=subdir FETCH_HEAD &&
-        git branch pre-split &&
-        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Merge commit '"'"'"$(git rev-parse sub2)"'"'"' into mainline"
-'
+#
+# Tests for 'git subtree split'
+#
 
-test_expect_success 'Check that prefix argument is required for split' '
-        echo "You must provide the --prefix option." > expected &&
-        test_must_fail git subtree split > actual 2>&1 &&
-	test_debug "printf '"'"'expected: '"'"'" &&
-        test_debug "cat expected" &&
-	test_debug "printf '"'"'actual: '"'"'" &&
-        test_debug "cat actual" &&
-        test_cmp expected actual &&
-        rm -f expected actual
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'split requires option --prefix' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		echo "You must provide the --prefix option." > expected &&
+		test_must_fail git subtree split > actual 2>&1 &&
+		test_debug "printf '"expected: "'" &&
+		test_debug "cat expected" &&
+		test_debug "printf '"actual: "'" &&
+		test_debug "cat actual" &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'Check that the <prefix> exists for a split' '
-        echo "'"'"'non-existent-directory'"'"'" does not exist\; use "'"'"'git subtree add'"'"'" > expected &&
-        test_must_fail git subtree split --prefix=non-existent-directory > actual 2>&1 &&
-	test_debug "printf '"'"'expected: '"'"'" &&
-        test_debug "cat expected" &&
-	test_debug "printf '"'"'actual: '"'"'" &&
-        test_debug "cat actual" &&
-        test_cmp expected actual
-#        rm -f expected actual
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'split requires path given by option --prefix must exist' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		echo "'\''non-existent-directory'\'' does not exist; use '\''git subtree add'\''" > expected &&
+		test_must_fail git subtree split --prefix=non-existent-directory > actual 2>&1 &&
+		test_debug "printf '"expected: "'" &&
+		test_debug "cat expected" &&
+		test_debug "printf '"actual: "'" &&
+		test_debug "cat actual" &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'check if --message works for split+rejoin' '
-        spl1=''"$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --message "Split & rejoin" --rejoin)"'' &&
-        git branch spl1 "$spl1" &&
-        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Split & rejoin" &&
-        undo
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'split sub dir/ with --rejoin' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		split_hash=$(git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*") &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --rejoin &&
+		check_equal "$(last_commit_message)" "Split '\''sub dir/'\'' into commit '\''$split_hash'\''"
+	)
+ '
+
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'split sub dir/ with --rejoin from scratch' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		mkdir "sub dir" &&
+		echo file >"sub dir"/file &&
+		git add "sub dir/file" &&
+		git commit -m"sub dir file" &&
+		split_hash=$(git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --rejoin) &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --rejoin &&
+		check_equal "$(last_commit_message)" "Split '\''sub dir/'\'' into commit '\''$split_hash'\''"
+	)
+ '
+
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'split sub dir/ with --rejoin and --message' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --message="Split & rejoin" --annotate="*" --rejoin &&
+		check_equal "$(last_commit_message)" "Split & rejoin"
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'check split with --branch' '
-	spl1=$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --message "Split & rejoin" --rejoin) &&
-	undo &&
-	git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --branch splitbr1 &&
-	check_equal ''"$(git rev-parse splitbr1)"'' "$spl1"
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'split "sub dir"/ with --branch' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		split_hash=$(git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*") &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br &&
+		check_equal "$(git rev-parse subproj-br)" "$split_hash"
+	)
 '
 
+next_test
 test_expect_success 'check hash of split' '
-	spl1=$(git subtree split --prefix subdir) &&
-	undo &&
-	git subtree split --prefix subdir --branch splitbr1test &&
-	check_equal ''"$(git rev-parse splitbr1test)"'' "$spl1"
-	git checkout splitbr1test &&
-	new_hash=$(git rev-parse HEAD~2) &&
-	git checkout mainline &&
-	check_equal ''"$new_hash"'' "$subdir_hash"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'check split with --branch for an existing branch' '
-        spl1=''"$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --message "Split & rejoin" --rejoin)"'' &&
-        undo &&
-        git branch splitbr2 sub1 &&
-        git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --branch splitbr2 &&
-        check_equal ''"$(git rev-parse splitbr2)"'' "$spl1"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'check split with --branch for an incompatible branch' '
-        test_must_fail git subtree split --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --branch subdir
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'check split+rejoin' '
-        spl1=''"$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --message "Split & rejoin" --rejoin)"'' &&
-        undo &&
-        git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --rejoin &&
-        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Split '"'"'subdir/'"'"' into commit '"'"'"$spl1"'"'"'"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'add main-sub8' '
-        create subdir/main-sub8 &&
-        git commit -m "main-sub8"
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		split_hash=$(git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*") &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br &&
+		check_equal "$(git rev-parse subproj-br)" "$split_hash" &&
+		# Check hash of split
+		new_hash=$(git rev-parse subproj-br^2) &&
+		(
+			cd ./"sub proj" &&
+			subdir_hash=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+			check_equal ''"$new_hash"'' "$subdir_hash"
+		)
+	)
 '
 
-# To the subproject!
-cd ./subproj
-
-test_expect_success 'merge split into subproj' '
-        git fetch .. spl1 &&
-        git branch spl1 FETCH_HEAD &&
-        git merge FETCH_HEAD
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'split "sub dir"/ with --branch for an existing branch' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git branch subproj-br FETCH_HEAD &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		split_hash=$(git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*") &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br &&
+		check_equal "$(git rev-parse subproj-br)" "$split_hash"
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'add sub9' '
-        create sub9 &&
-        git commit -m "sub9"
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'split "sub dir"/ with --branch for an incompatible branch' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git branch init HEAD &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		test_must_fail git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --branch init
+	)
 '
 
-# Back to mainline
-cd ..
-
-test_expect_success 'split for sub8' '
-        split2=''"$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir/ --rejoin)"''
-        git branch split2 "$split2"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'add main-sub10' '
-        create subdir/main-sub10 &&
-        git commit -m "main-sub10"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'split for sub10' '
-        spl3=''"$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --rejoin)"'' &&
-        git branch spl3 "$spl3"
-'
-
-# To the subproject!
-cd ./subproj
-
-test_expect_success 'merge split into subproj' '
-        git fetch .. spl3 &&
-        git branch spl3 FETCH_HEAD &&
-        git merge FETCH_HEAD &&
-        git branch subproj-merge-spl3
-'
-
-chkm="main4 main6"
-chkms="main-sub10 main-sub5 main-sub7 main-sub8"
-chkms_sub=$(echo $chkms | multiline | sed 's,^,subdir/,' | fixnl)
-chks="sub1 sub2 sub3 sub9"
-chks_sub=$(echo $chks | multiline | sed 's,^,subdir/,' | fixnl)
+#
+# Validity checking
+#
 
+next_test
 test_expect_success 'make sure exactly the right set of files ends up in the subproj' '
-        subfiles=''"$(git ls-files | fixnl)"'' &&
-        check_equal "$subfiles" "$chkms $chks"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'make sure the subproj history *only* contains commits that affect the subdir' '
-        allchanges=''"$(git log --name-only --pretty=format:'"''"' | sort | fixnl)"'' &&
-        check_equal "$allchanges" "$chkms $chks"
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub3 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub3 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+		git fetch .. subproj-br &&
+		git merge FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub4 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub4 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+		git fetch .. subproj-br &&
+		git merge FETCH_HEAD &&
+
+		test_write_lines main-sub1 main-sub2 main-sub3 main-sub4 \
+			sub1 sub2 sub3 sub4 >expect &&
+		git ls-files >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
-# Back to mainline
-cd ..
-
-test_expect_success 'pull from subproj' '
-        git fetch ./subproj subproj-merge-spl3 &&
-        git branch subproj-merge-spl3 FETCH_HEAD &&
-        git subtree pull --prefix=subdir ./subproj subproj-merge-spl3
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'make sure the subproj *only* contains commits that affect the "sub dir"' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub3 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub3 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+		git fetch .. subproj-br &&
+		git merge FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub4 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub4 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+		git fetch .. subproj-br &&
+		git merge FETCH_HEAD &&
+
+		test_write_lines main-sub1 main-sub2 main-sub3 main-sub4 \
+			sub1 sub2 sub3 sub4 >expect &&
+		git log --name-only --pretty=format:"" >log &&
+		sort <log | sed "/^\$/ d" >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
+next_test
 test_expect_success 'make sure exactly the right set of files ends up in the mainline' '
-        mainfiles=''"$(git ls-files | fixnl)"'' &&
-        check_equal "$mainfiles" "$chkm $chkms_sub $chks_sub"
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub3 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub3 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+		git fetch .. subproj-br &&
+		git merge FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub4 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub4 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+		git fetch .. subproj-br &&
+		git merge FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree pull --prefix="sub dir" ./"sub proj" master &&
+
+		test_write_lines main1 main2 >chkm &&
+		test_write_lines main-sub1 main-sub2 main-sub3 main-sub4 >chkms &&
+		sed "s,^,sub dir/," chkms >chkms_sub &&
+		test_write_lines sub1 sub2 sub3 sub4 >chks &&
+		sed "s,^,sub dir/," chks >chks_sub &&
+
+		cat chkm chkms_sub chks_sub >expect &&
+		git ls-files >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
+next_test
 test_expect_success 'make sure each filename changed exactly once in the entire history' '
-        # main-sub?? and /subdir/main-sub?? both change, because those are the
-        # changes that were split into their own history.  And subdir/sub?? never
-        # change, since they were *only* changed in the subtree branch.
-        allchanges=''"$(git log --name-only --pretty=format:'"''"' | sort | fixnl)"'' &&
-        check_equal "$allchanges" ''"$(echo $chkms $chkm $chks $chkms_sub | multiline | sort | fixnl)"''
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git config log.date relative &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub3 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub3 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+		git fetch .. subproj-br &&
+		git merge FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub4 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub4 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+		git fetch .. subproj-br &&
+		git merge FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree pull --prefix="sub dir" ./"sub proj" master &&
+
+		test_write_lines main1 main2 >chkm &&
+		test_write_lines sub1 sub2 sub3 sub4 >chks &&
+		test_write_lines main-sub1 main-sub2 main-sub3 main-sub4 >chkms &&
+		sed "s,^,sub dir/," chkms >chkms_sub &&
+
+		# main-sub?? and /"sub dir"/main-sub?? both change, because those are the
+		# changes that were split into their own history.  And "sub dir"/sub?? never
+		# change, since they were *only* changed in the subtree branch.
+		git log --name-only --pretty=format:"" >log &&
+		sort <log >sorted-log &&
+		sed "/^$/ d" sorted-log >actual &&
+
+		cat chkms chkm chks chkms_sub >expect-unsorted &&
+		sort expect-unsorted >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
+next_test
 test_expect_success 'make sure the --rejoin commits never make it into subproj' '
-        check_equal ''"$(git log --pretty=format:'"'%s'"' HEAD^2 | grep -i split)"'' ""
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub3 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub3 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+		git fetch .. subproj-br &&
+		git merge FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub4 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub4 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+		git fetch .. subproj-br &&
+		git merge FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree pull --prefix="sub dir" ./"sub proj" master &&
+		check_equal "$(git log --pretty=format:"%s" HEAD^2 | grep -i split)" ""
+	)
 '
 
+next_test
 test_expect_success 'make sure no "git subtree" tagged commits make it into subproj' '
-        # They are meaningless to subproj since one side of the merge refers to the mainline
-        check_equal ''"$(git log --pretty=format:'"'%s%n%b'"' HEAD^2 | grep "git-subtree.*:")"'' ""
-'
-
-# prepare second pair of repositories
-mkdir test2
-cd test2
-
-test_expect_success 'init main' '
-        test_create_repo main
-'
-
-cd main
-
-test_expect_success 'add main1' '
-        create main1 &&
-        git commit -m "main1"
-'
-
-cd ..
-
-test_expect_success 'init sub' '
-        test_create_repo sub
-'
-
-cd sub
-
-test_expect_success 'add sub2' '
-        create sub2 &&
-        git commit -m "sub2"
-'
-
-cd ../main
-
-# check if split can find proper base without --onto
-
-test_expect_success 'add sub as subdir in main' '
-        git fetch ../sub master &&
-        git branch sub2 FETCH_HEAD &&
-        git subtree add --prefix subdir sub2
-'
-
-cd ../sub
-
-test_expect_success 'add sub3' '
-        create sub3 &&
-        git commit -m "sub3"
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub3 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub3 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+		git fetch .. subproj-br &&
+		 git merge FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub4 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub4 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --annotate="*" --branch subproj-br --rejoin
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+		git fetch .. subproj-br &&
+		git merge FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree pull --prefix="sub dir" ./"sub proj" master &&
+
+		# They are meaningless to subproj since one side of the merge refers to the mainline
+		check_equal "$(git log --pretty=format:"%s%n%b" HEAD^2 | grep "git-subtree.*:")" ""
+	)
 '
 
-cd ../main
-
-test_expect_success 'merge from sub' '
-        git fetch ../sub master &&
-        git branch sub3 FETCH_HEAD &&
-        git subtree merge --prefix subdir sub3
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'add main-sub4' '
-        create subdir/main-sub4 &&
-        git commit -m "main-sub4"
-'
+#
+# A new set of tests
+#
 
-test_expect_success 'split for main-sub4 without --onto' '
-        git subtree split --prefix subdir --branch mainsub4
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'make sure "git subtree split" find the correct parent' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git branch subproj-ref FETCH_HEAD &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --branch subproj-br &&
+
+		# at this point, the new commit parent should be subproj-ref, if it is
+		# not, something went wrong (the "newparent" of "master~" commit should
+		# have been sub2, but it was not, because its cache was not set to
+		# itself)
+		check_equal "$(git log --pretty=format:%P -1 subproj-br)" "$(git rev-parse subproj-ref)"
+	)
 '
 
-# at this point, the new commit parent should be sub3 if it is not,
-# something went wrong (the "newparent" of "master~" commit should
-# have been sub3, but it was not, because its cache was not set to
-# itself)
-
-test_expect_success 'check that the commit parent is sub3' '
-        check_equal ''"$(git log --pretty=format:%P -1 mainsub4)"'' ''"$(git rev-parse sub3)"''
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'split a new subtree without --onto option' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --branch subproj-br
+	) &&
+	mkdir "$subtree_test_count"/"sub dir2" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir2"/main-sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+
+		# also test that we still can split out an entirely new subtree
+		# if the parent of the first commit in the tree is not empty,
+		# then the new subtree has accidentally been attached to something
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir2" --branch subproj2-br &&
+		check_equal "$(git log --pretty=format:%P -1 subproj2-br)" ""
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'add main-sub5' '
-        mkdir subdir2 &&
-        create subdir2/main-sub5 &&
-        git commit -m "main-sub5"
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'verify one file change per commit' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git branch sub1 FETCH_HEAD &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" sub1
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir" --branch subproj-br
+	) &&
+	mkdir "$subtree_test_count"/"sub dir2" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir2"/main-sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git subtree split --prefix="sub dir2" --branch subproj2-br &&
+
+		x= &&
+		git log --pretty=format:"commit: %H" | join_commits |
+		(
+			while read commit a b; do
+				test_debug "echo Verifying commit $commit"
+				test_debug "echo a: $a"
+				test_debug "echo b: $b"
+				check_equal "$b" ""
+				x=1
+			done
+			check_equal "$x" 1
+		)
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'split for main-sub5 without --onto' '
-        # also test that we still can split out an entirely new subtree
-        # if the parent of the first commit in the tree is not empty,
-	# then the new subtree has accidentally been attached to something
-        git subtree split --prefix subdir2 --branch mainsub5 &&
-        check_equal ''"$(git log --pretty=format:%P -1 mainsub5)"'' ""
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'push split to subproj' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree add --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub1 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" main2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count/sub proj" sub2 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd $subtree_test_count/"sub proj" &&
+                git branch sub-branch-1 &&
+                cd .. &&
+		git fetch ./"sub proj" master &&
+		git subtree merge --prefix="sub dir" FETCH_HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" "sub dir"/main-sub3 &&
+        (
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	        git subtree push ./"sub proj" --prefix "sub dir" sub-branch-1 &&
+                cd ./"sub proj" &&
+                git checkout sub-branch-1 &&
+         	check_equal "$(last_commit_message)" "sub dir/main-sub3"
+	)
 '
 
-# make sure no patch changes more than one file.  The original set of commits
-# changed only one file each.  A multi-file change would imply that we pruned
-# commits too aggressively.
-joincommits()
-{
-	commit=
-	all=
-	while read x y; do
-		#echo "{$x}" >&2
-		if [ -z "$x" ]; then
-			continue
-		elif [ "$x" = "commit:" ]; then
-			if [ -n "$commit" ]; then
-				echo "$commit $all"
-				all=
-			fi
-			commit="$y"
-		else
-			all="$all $y"
-		fi
-	done
-	echo "$commit $all"
-}
+#
+# This test covers 2 cases in subtree split copy_or_skip code
+# 1) Merges where one parent is a superset of the changes of the other
+#    parent regarding changes to the subtree, in this case the merge
+#    commit should be copied
+# 2) Merges where only one parent operate on the subtree, and the merge
+#    commit should be skipped
+#
+# (1) is checked by ensuring subtree_tip is a descendent of subtree_branch
+# (2) should have a check added (not_a_subtree_change shouldn't be present
+#     on the produced subtree)
+#
+# Other related cases which are not tested (or currently handled correctly)
+# - Case (1) where there are more than 2 parents, it will sometimes correctly copy
+#   the merge, and sometimes not
+# - Merge commit where both parents have same tree as the merge, currently
+#   will always be skipped, even if they reached that state via different
+#   set of commits.
+#
 
-test_expect_success 'verify one file change per commit' '
-        x= &&
-        list=''"$(git log --pretty=format:'"'commit: %H'"' | joincommits)"'' &&
-#        test_debug "echo HERE" &&
-#        test_debug "echo ''"$list"''" &&
-        (git log --pretty=format:'"'commit: %H'"' | joincommits |
-        (       while read commit a b; do
-		        test_debug "echo Verifying commit "''"$commit"''
-		        test_debug "echo a: "''"$a"''
-		        test_debug "echo b: "''"$b"''
-		        check_equal "$b" ""
-		        x=1
-	        done
-	        check_equal "$x" 1
-        ))
+next_test
+test_expect_success 'subtree descendant check' '
+	subtree_test_create_repo "$subtree_test_count" &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" folder_subtree/a &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git branch branch
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" folder_subtree/0 &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" folder_subtree/b &&
+	cherry=$(cd "$subtree_test_count"; git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git checkout branch
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" commit_on_branch &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git cherry-pick $cherry &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		git merge -m "merge should be kept on subtree" branch &&
+		git branch no_subtree_work_branch
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" folder_subtree/d &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git checkout no_subtree_work_branch
+	) &&
+	test_create_commit "$subtree_test_count" not_a_subtree_change &&
+	(
+		cd "$subtree_test_count" &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		git merge -m "merge should be skipped on subtree" no_subtree_work_branch &&
+
+		git subtree split --prefix folder_subtree/ --branch subtree_tip master &&
+		git subtree split --prefix folder_subtree/ --branch subtree_branch branch &&
+		check_equal $(git rev-list --count subtree_tip..subtree_branch) 0
+	)
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/todo b/contrib/subtree/todo
index 7e44b0024f..0d0e777651 100644
--- a/contrib/subtree/todo
+++ b/contrib/subtree/todo
@@ -12,8 +12,6 @@
 		exactly the right subtree structure, rather than using
 		subtree merge...)
 
-	add a 'push' subcommand to parallel 'pull'
-	
 	add a 'log' subcommand to see what's new in a subtree?
 
 	add to-submodule and from-submodule commands
diff --git a/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/appp.sh b/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/appp.sh
index 8dc73ece15..1053872eea 100755
--- a/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/appp.sh
+++ b/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/appp.sh
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ BODY=$(sed -e "1,/${SEP}/d" $1)
 CMT_MSG=$(sed -e '1,/^$/d' -e '/^---$/,$d' "${PATCH}")
 DIFF=$(sed -e '1,/^---$/d' "${PATCH}")
 
-CCS=`echo -e "$CMT_MSG\n$HEADERS" | sed -n -e 's/^Cc: \(.*\)$/\1,/gp' \
-	-e 's/^Signed-off-by: \(.*\)/\1,/gp'`
+CCS=$(echo -e "$CMT_MSG\n$HEADERS" | sed -n -e 's/^Cc: \(.*\)$/\1,/gp' \
+	-e 's/^Signed-off-by: \(.*\)/\1,/gp')
 
 echo "$SUBJECT" > $1
 echo "Cc: $CCS" >> $1
diff --git a/contrib/update-unicode/.gitignore b/contrib/update-unicode/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b0ebc6aad2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/update-unicode/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+uniset/
+UnicodeData.txt
+EastAsianWidth.txt
diff --git a/contrib/update-unicode/README b/contrib/update-unicode/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..151a197041
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/update-unicode/README
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+TL;DR: Run update_unicode.sh after the publication of a new Unicode
+standard and commit the resulting unicode-widths.h file.
+
+The long version
+================
+
+The Git source code ships the file unicode-widths.h which contains
+tables of zero and double width Unicode code points, respectively.
+These tables are generated using update_unicode.sh in this directory.
+update_unicode.sh itself uses a third-party tool, uniset, to query two
+Unicode data files for the interesting code points.
+
+On first run, update_unicode.sh clones uniset from Github and builds it.
+This requires a current-ish version of autoconf (2.69 works per December
+2016).
+
+On each run, update_unicode.sh checks whether more recent Unicode data
+files are available from the Unicode consortium, and rebuilds the header
+unicode-widths.h with the new data. The new header can then be
+committed.
diff --git a/contrib/update-unicode/update_unicode.sh b/contrib/update-unicode/update_unicode.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..aa90865bef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/update-unicode/update_unicode.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#See http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/
+#
+#Me Enclosing_Mark  an enclosing combining mark
+#Mn Nonspacing_Mark a nonspacing combining mark (zero advance width)
+#Cf Format          a format control character
+#
+cd "$(dirname "$0")"
+UNICODEWIDTH_H=$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)/unicode-width.h
+
+wget -N http://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/UnicodeData.txt \
+	http://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/EastAsianWidth.txt &&
+if ! test -d uniset; then
+	git clone https://github.com/depp/uniset.git &&
+	( cd uniset && git checkout 4b186196dd )
+fi &&
+(
+	cd uniset &&
+	if ! test -x uniset; then
+		autoreconf -i &&
+		./configure --enable-warnings=-Werror CFLAGS='-O0 -ggdb'
+	fi &&
+	make
+) &&
+UNICODE_DIR=. && export UNICODE_DIR &&
+cat >$UNICODEWIDTH_H <<-EOF
+static const struct interval zero_width[] = {
+	$(uniset/uniset --32 cat:Me,Mn,Cf + U+1160..U+11FF - U+00AD)
+};
+static const struct interval double_width[] = {
+	$(uniset/uniset --32 eaw:F,W)
+};
+EOF
diff --git a/contrib/vscode/.gitattributes b/contrib/vscode/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e89f2236ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/vscode/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+init.sh whitespace=-indent-with-non-tab
diff --git a/contrib/vscode/README.md b/contrib/vscode/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8202d62035
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/vscode/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+Configuration for VS Code
+=========================
+
+[VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/) is a lightweight but powerful source
+code editor which runs on your desktop and is available for
+[Windows](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/setup/windows),
+[macOS](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/setup/mac) and
+[Linux](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/setup/linux). Among other languages,
+it has [support for C/C++ via an extension](https://github.com/Microsoft/vscode-cpptools).
+
+To start developing Git with VS Code, simply run the Unix shell script called
+`init.sh` in this directory, which creates the configuration files in
+`.vscode/` that VS Code consumes. `init.sh` needs access to `make` and `gcc`,
+so run the script in a Git SDK shell if you are using Windows.
diff --git a/contrib/vscode/init.sh b/contrib/vscode/init.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..27de94994b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/vscode/init.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,375 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+die () {
+	echo "$*" >&2
+	exit 1
+}
+
+cd "$(dirname "$0")"/../.. ||
+die "Could not cd to top-level directory"
+
+mkdir -p .vscode ||
+die "Could not create .vscode/"
+
+# General settings
+
+cat >.vscode/settings.json.new <<\EOF ||
+{
+    "C_Cpp.intelliSenseEngine": "Default",
+    "C_Cpp.intelliSenseEngineFallback": "Disabled",
+    "[git-commit]": {
+        "editor.wordWrap": "wordWrapColumn",
+        "editor.wordWrapColumn": 72
+    },
+    "[c]": {
+        "editor.detectIndentation": false,
+        "editor.insertSpaces": false,
+        "editor.tabSize": 8,
+        "editor.wordWrap": "wordWrapColumn",
+        "editor.wordWrapColumn": 80,
+        "files.trimTrailingWhitespace": true
+    },
+    "files.associations": {
+        "*.h": "c",
+        "*.c": "c"
+    },
+    "cSpell.ignorePaths": [
+    ],
+    "cSpell.words": [
+        "DATAW",
+        "DBCACHED",
+        "DFCHECK",
+        "DTYPE",
+        "Hamano",
+        "HCAST",
+        "HEXSZ",
+        "HKEY",
+        "HKLM",
+        "IFGITLINK",
+        "IFINVALID",
+        "ISBROKEN",
+        "ISGITLINK",
+        "ISSYMREF",
+        "Junio",
+        "LPDWORD",
+        "LPPROC",
+        "LPWSTR",
+        "MSVCRT",
+        "NOARG",
+        "NOCOMPLETE",
+        "NOINHERIT",
+        "RENORMALIZE",
+        "STARTF",
+        "STARTUPINFOEXW",
+        "Schindelin",
+        "UCRT",
+        "YESNO",
+        "argcp",
+        "beginthreadex",
+        "committish",
+        "contentp",
+        "cpath",
+        "cpidx",
+        "ctim",
+        "dequote",
+        "envw",
+        "ewah",
+        "fdata",
+        "fherr",
+        "fhin",
+        "fhout",
+        "fragp",
+        "fsmonitor",
+        "hnsec",
+        "idents",
+        "includeif",
+        "interpr",
+        "iprog",
+        "isexe",
+        "iskeychar",
+        "kompare",
+        "mksnpath",
+        "mktag",
+        "mktree",
+        "mmblob",
+        "mmbuffer",
+        "mmfile",
+        "noenv",
+        "nparents",
+        "ntpath",
+        "ondisk",
+        "ooid",
+        "oplen",
+        "osdl",
+        "pnew",
+        "pold",
+        "ppinfo",
+        "pushf",
+        "pushv",
+        "rawsz",
+        "rebasing",
+        "reencode",
+        "repo",
+        "rerere",
+        "scld",
+        "sharedrepo",
+        "spawnv",
+        "spawnve",
+        "spawnvpe",
+        "strdup'ing",
+        "submodule",
+        "submodules",
+        "topath",
+        "topo",
+        "tpatch",
+        "unexecutable",
+        "unhide",
+        "unkc",
+        "unkv",
+        "unmark",
+        "unmatch",
+        "unsets",
+        "unshown",
+        "untracked",
+        "untrackedcache",
+        "unuse",
+        "upos",
+        "uval",
+        "vreportf",
+        "wargs",
+        "wargv",
+        "wbuffer",
+        "wcmd",
+        "wcsnicmp",
+        "wcstoutfdup",
+        "wdeltaenv",
+        "wdir",
+        "wenv",
+        "wenvblk",
+        "wenvcmp",
+        "wenviron",
+        "wenvpos",
+        "wenvsz",
+        "wfile",
+        "wfilename",
+        "wfopen",
+        "wfreopen",
+        "wfullpath",
+        "which'll",
+        "wlink",
+        "wmain",
+        "wmkdir",
+        "wmktemp",
+        "wnewpath",
+        "wotype",
+        "wpath",
+        "wpathname",
+        "wpgmptr",
+        "wpnew",
+        "wpointer",
+        "wpold",
+        "wpos",
+        "wputenv",
+        "wrmdir",
+        "wship",
+        "wtarget",
+        "wtemplate",
+        "wunlink",
+        "xcalloc",
+        "xgetcwd",
+        "xmallocz",
+        "xmemdupz",
+        "xmmap",
+        "xopts",
+        "xrealloc",
+        "xsnprintf",
+        "xutftowcs",
+        "xutftowcsn",
+        "xwcstoutf"
+    ],
+    "cSpell.ignoreRegExpList": [
+        "\\\"(DIRC|FSMN|REUC|UNTR)\\\"",
+        "\\\\u[0-9a-fA-Fx]{4}\\b",
+        "\\b(filfre|frotz|xyzzy)\\b",
+        "\\bCMIT_FMT_DEFAULT\\b",
+        "\\bde-munge\\b",
+        "\\bGET_OID_DISAMBIGUATORS\\b",
+        "\\bHASH_RENORMALIZE\\b",
+        "\\bTREESAMEness\\b",
+        "\\bUSE_STDEV\\b",
+        "\\Wchar *\\*\\W*utfs\\W",
+        "cURL's",
+        "nedmalloc'ed",
+        "ntifs\\.h",
+    ],
+}
+EOF
+die "Could not write settings.json"
+
+# Infer some setup-specific locations/names
+
+GCCPATH="$(which gcc)"
+GDBPATH="$(which gdb)"
+MAKECOMMAND="make -j5 DEVELOPER=1"
+OSNAME=
+X=
+case "$(uname -s)" in
+MINGW*)
+	GCCPATH="$(cygpath -am "$GCCPATH")"
+	GDBPATH="$(cygpath -am "$GDBPATH")"
+	MAKE_BASH="$(cygpath -am /git-cmd.exe) --command=usr\\\\bin\\\\bash.exe"
+	MAKECOMMAND="$MAKE_BASH -lc \\\"$MAKECOMMAND\\\""
+	OSNAME=Win32
+	X=.exe
+	;;
+Linux)
+	OSNAME=Linux
+	;;
+Darwin)
+	OSNAME=macOS
+	;;
+esac
+
+# Default build task
+
+cat >.vscode/tasks.json.new <<EOF ||
+{
+    // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
+    // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
+    "version": "2.0.0",
+    "tasks": [
+        {
+            "label": "make",
+            "type": "shell",
+            "command": "$MAKECOMMAND",
+            "group": {
+                "kind": "build",
+                "isDefault": true
+            }
+        }
+    ]
+}
+EOF
+die "Could not install default build task"
+
+# Debugger settings
+
+cat >.vscode/launch.json.new <<EOF ||
+{
+    // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
+    // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
+    // For more information, visit:
+    // https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
+    "version": "0.2.0",
+    "configurations": [
+        {
+            "name": "(gdb) Launch",
+            "type": "cppdbg",
+            "request": "launch",
+            "program": "\${workspaceFolder}/git$X",
+            "args": [],
+            "stopAtEntry": false,
+            "cwd": "\${workspaceFolder}",
+            "environment": [],
+            "externalConsole": true,
+            "MIMode": "gdb",
+            "miDebuggerPath": "$GDBPATH",
+            "setupCommands": [
+                {
+                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
+                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
+                    "ignoreFailures": true
+                }
+            ]
+        }
+    ]
+}
+EOF
+die "Could not write launch configuration"
+
+# C/C++ extension settings
+
+make -f - OSNAME=$OSNAME GCCPATH="$GCCPATH" vscode-init \
+	>.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json <<\EOF ||
+include Makefile
+
+vscode-init:
+	@mkdir -p .vscode && \
+	incs= && defs= && \
+	for e in $(ALL_CFLAGS) \
+			'-DGIT_EXEC_PATH="$(gitexecdir_SQ)"' \
+			'-DGIT_LOCALE_PATH="$(localedir_relative_SQ)"' \
+			'-DBINDIR="$(bindir_relative_SQ)"' \
+			'-DFALLBACK_RUNTIME_PREFIX="$(prefix_SQ)"' \
+			'-DDEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR="$(template_dir_SQ)"' \
+			'-DETC_GITCONFIG="$(ETC_GITCONFIG_SQ)"' \
+			'-DETC_GITATTRIBUTES="$(ETC_GITATTRIBUTES_SQ)"' \
+			'-DGIT_LOCALE_PATH="$(localedir_relative_SQ)"' \
+			'-DCURL_DISABLE_TYPECHECK', \
+			'-DGIT_HTML_PATH="$(htmldir_relative_SQ)"' \
+			'-DGIT_MAN_PATH="$(mandir_relative_SQ)"' \
+			'-DGIT_INFO_PATH="$(infodir_relative_SQ)"'; do \
+		case "$$e" in \
+		-I.) \
+			incs="$$(printf '% 16s"$${workspaceRoot}",\n%s' \
+				"" "$$incs")" \
+			;; \
+		-I/*) \
+			incs="$$(printf '% 16s"%s",\n%s' \
+				"" "$${e#-I}" "$$incs")" \
+			;; \
+		-I*) \
+			incs="$$(printf '% 16s"$${workspaceRoot}/%s",\n%s' \
+				"" "$${e#-I}" "$$incs")" \
+			;; \
+		-D*) \
+			defs="$$(printf '% 16s"%s",\n%s' \
+				"" "$$(echo "$${e#-D}" | sed 's/"/\\&/g')" \
+				"$$defs")" \
+			;; \
+		esac; \
+	done && \
+	echo '{' && \
+	echo '    "configurations": [' && \
+	echo '        {' && \
+	echo '            "name": "$(OSNAME)",' && \
+	echo '            "intelliSenseMode": "clang-x64",' && \
+	echo '            "includePath": [' && \
+	echo "$$incs" | sort | sed '$$s/,$$//' && \
+	echo '            ],' && \
+	echo '            "defines": [' && \
+	echo "$$defs" | sort | sed '$$s/,$$//' && \
+	echo '            ],' && \
+	echo '            "browse": {' && \
+	echo '                "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,' && \
+	echo '                "databaseFilename": "",' && \
+	echo '                "path": [' && \
+	echo '                    "$${workspaceRoot}"' && \
+	echo '                ]' && \
+	echo '            },' && \
+	echo '            "cStandard": "c11",' && \
+	echo '            "cppStandard": "c++17",' && \
+	echo '            "compilerPath": "$(GCCPATH)"' && \
+	echo '        }' && \
+	echo '    ],' && \
+	echo '    "version": 4' && \
+	echo '}'
+EOF
+die "Could not write settings for the C/C++ extension"
+
+for file in .vscode/settings.json .vscode/tasks.json .vscode/launch.json
+do
+	if test -f $file
+	then
+		if git diff --no-index --quiet --exit-code $file $file.new
+		then
+			rm $file.new
+		else
+			printf "The file $file.new has these changes:\n\n"
+			git --no-pager diff --no-index $file $file.new
+			printf "\n\nMaybe \`mv $file.new $file\`?\n\n"
+		fi
+	else
+		mv $file.new $file
+	fi
+done
diff --git a/contrib/workdir/.gitattributes b/contrib/workdir/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1f78c5d1bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/workdir/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/git-new-workdir eol=lf
diff --git a/convert.c b/convert.c
index 9a5612e93d..6057f1f580 100644
--- a/convert.c
+++ b/convert.c
@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
+#define NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "attr.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
+#include "pkt-line.h"
+#include "sub-process.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
 
 /*
  * convert.c - convert a file when checking it out and checking it in.
@@ -13,18 +19,25 @@
  * translation when the "text" attribute or "auto_crlf" option is set.
  */
 
+/* Stat bits: When BIN is set, the txt bits are unset */
+#define CONVERT_STAT_BITS_TXT_LF    0x1
+#define CONVERT_STAT_BITS_TXT_CRLF  0x2
+#define CONVERT_STAT_BITS_BIN       0x4
+
 enum crlf_action {
-	CRLF_GUESS = -1,
-	CRLF_BINARY = 0,
+	CRLF_UNDEFINED,
+	CRLF_BINARY,
 	CRLF_TEXT,
-	CRLF_INPUT,
-	CRLF_CRLF,
-	CRLF_AUTO
+	CRLF_TEXT_INPUT,
+	CRLF_TEXT_CRLF,
+	CRLF_AUTO,
+	CRLF_AUTO_INPUT,
+	CRLF_AUTO_CRLF
 };
 
 struct text_stat {
 	/* NUL, CR, LF and CRLF counts */
-	unsigned nul, cr, lf, crlf;
+	unsigned nul, lonecr, lonelf, crlf;
 
 	/* These are just approximations! */
 	unsigned printable, nonprintable;
@@ -39,13 +52,15 @@ static void gather_stats(const char *buf, unsigned long size, struct text_stat *
 	for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
 		unsigned char c = buf[i];
 		if (c == '\r') {
-			stats->cr++;
-			if (i+1 < size && buf[i+1] == '\n')
+			if (i+1 < size && buf[i+1] == '\n') {
 				stats->crlf++;
+				i++;
+			} else
+				stats->lonecr++;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (c == '\n') {
-			stats->lf++;
+			stats->lonelf++;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (c == 127)
@@ -75,23 +90,85 @@ static void gather_stats(const char *buf, unsigned long size, struct text_stat *
 
 /*
  * The same heuristics as diff.c::mmfile_is_binary()
+ * We treat files with bare CR as binary
  */
-static int is_binary(unsigned long size, struct text_stat *stats)
+static int convert_is_binary(unsigned long size, const struct text_stat *stats)
 {
-
+	if (stats->lonecr)
+		return 1;
 	if (stats->nul)
 		return 1;
 	if ((stats->printable >> 7) < stats->nonprintable)
 		return 1;
-	/*
-	 * Other heuristics? Average line length might be relevant,
-	 * as might LF vs CR vs CRLF counts..
-	 *
-	 * NOTE! It might be normal to have a low ratio of CRLF to LF
-	 * (somebody starts with a LF-only file and edits it with an editor
-	 * that adds CRLF only to lines that are added..). But do  we
-	 * want to support CR-only? Probably not.
-	 */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned int gather_convert_stats(const char *data, unsigned long size)
+{
+	struct text_stat stats;
+	int ret = 0;
+	if (!data || !size)
+		return 0;
+	gather_stats(data, size, &stats);
+	if (convert_is_binary(size, &stats))
+		ret |= CONVERT_STAT_BITS_BIN;
+	if (stats.crlf)
+		ret |= CONVERT_STAT_BITS_TXT_CRLF;
+	if (stats.lonelf)
+		ret |=  CONVERT_STAT_BITS_TXT_LF;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static const char *gather_convert_stats_ascii(const char *data, unsigned long size)
+{
+	unsigned int convert_stats = gather_convert_stats(data, size);
+
+	if (convert_stats & CONVERT_STAT_BITS_BIN)
+		return "-text";
+	switch (convert_stats) {
+	case CONVERT_STAT_BITS_TXT_LF:
+		return "lf";
+	case CONVERT_STAT_BITS_TXT_CRLF:
+		return "crlf";
+	case CONVERT_STAT_BITS_TXT_LF | CONVERT_STAT_BITS_TXT_CRLF:
+		return "mixed";
+	default:
+		return "none";
+	}
+}
+
+const char *get_cached_convert_stats_ascii(const struct index_state *istate,
+					   const char *path)
+{
+	const char *ret;
+	unsigned long sz;
+	void *data = read_blob_data_from_index(istate, path, &sz);
+	ret = gather_convert_stats_ascii(data, sz);
+	free(data);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+const char *get_wt_convert_stats_ascii(const char *path)
+{
+	const char *ret = "";
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, path, 0) >= 0)
+		ret = gather_convert_stats_ascii(sb.buf, sb.len);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int text_eol_is_crlf(void)
+{
+	if (auto_crlf == AUTO_CRLF_TRUE)
+		return 1;
+	else if (auto_crlf == AUTO_CRLF_INPUT)
+		return 0;
+	if (core_eol == EOL_CRLF)
+		return 1;
+	if (core_eol == EOL_UNSET && EOL_NATIVE == EOL_CRLF)
+		return 1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -100,80 +177,341 @@ static enum eol output_eol(enum crlf_action crlf_action)
 	switch (crlf_action) {
 	case CRLF_BINARY:
 		return EOL_UNSET;
-	case CRLF_CRLF:
+	case CRLF_TEXT_CRLF:
 		return EOL_CRLF;
-	case CRLF_INPUT:
+	case CRLF_TEXT_INPUT:
+		return EOL_LF;
+	case CRLF_UNDEFINED:
+	case CRLF_AUTO_CRLF:
+		return EOL_CRLF;
+	case CRLF_AUTO_INPUT:
 		return EOL_LF;
-	case CRLF_GUESS:
-		if (!auto_crlf)
-			return EOL_UNSET;
-		/* fall through */
 	case CRLF_TEXT:
 	case CRLF_AUTO:
-		if (auto_crlf == AUTO_CRLF_TRUE)
-			return EOL_CRLF;
-		else if (auto_crlf == AUTO_CRLF_INPUT)
-			return EOL_LF;
-		else if (core_eol == EOL_UNSET)
-			return EOL_NATIVE;
+		/* fall through */
+		return text_eol_is_crlf() ? EOL_CRLF : EOL_LF;
 	}
+	warning(_("illegal crlf_action %d"), (int)crlf_action);
 	return core_eol;
 }
 
-static void check_safe_crlf(const char *path, enum crlf_action crlf_action,
-                            struct text_stat *stats, enum safe_crlf checksafe)
+static void check_global_conv_flags_eol(const char *path, enum crlf_action crlf_action,
+			    struct text_stat *old_stats, struct text_stat *new_stats,
+			    int conv_flags)
 {
-	if (!checksafe)
-		return;
-
-	if (output_eol(crlf_action) == EOL_LF) {
+	if (old_stats->crlf && !new_stats->crlf ) {
 		/*
-		 * CRLFs would not be restored by checkout:
-		 * check if we'd remove CRLFs
+		 * CRLFs would not be restored by checkout
 		 */
-		if (stats->crlf) {
-			if (checksafe == SAFE_CRLF_WARN)
-				warning("CRLF will be replaced by LF in %s.\nThe file will have its original line endings in your working directory.", path);
-			else /* i.e. SAFE_CRLF_FAIL */
-				die("CRLF would be replaced by LF in %s.", path);
-		}
-	} else if (output_eol(crlf_action) == EOL_CRLF) {
+		if (conv_flags & CONV_EOL_RNDTRP_DIE)
+			die(_("CRLF would be replaced by LF in %s"), path);
+		else if (conv_flags & CONV_EOL_RNDTRP_WARN)
+			warning(_("CRLF will be replaced by LF in %s.\n"
+				  "The file will have its original line"
+				  " endings in your working directory"), path);
+	} else if (old_stats->lonelf && !new_stats->lonelf ) {
 		/*
-		 * CRLFs would be added by checkout:
-		 * check if we have "naked" LFs
+		 * CRLFs would be added by checkout
 		 */
-		if (stats->lf != stats->crlf) {
-			if (checksafe == SAFE_CRLF_WARN)
-				warning("LF will be replaced by CRLF in %s.\nThe file will have its original line endings in your working directory.", path);
-			else /* i.e. SAFE_CRLF_FAIL */
-				die("LF would be replaced by CRLF in %s", path);
-		}
+		if (conv_flags & CONV_EOL_RNDTRP_DIE)
+			die(_("LF would be replaced by CRLF in %s"), path);
+		else if (conv_flags & CONV_EOL_RNDTRP_WARN)
+			warning(_("LF will be replaced by CRLF in %s.\n"
+				  "The file will have its original line"
+				  " endings in your working directory"), path);
 	}
 }
 
-static int has_cr_in_index(const char *path)
+static int has_crlf_in_index(const struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
 {
 	unsigned long sz;
 	void *data;
-	int has_cr;
+	const char *crp;
+	int has_crlf = 0;
 
-	data = read_blob_data_from_cache(path, &sz);
+	data = read_blob_data_from_index(istate, path, &sz);
 	if (!data)
 		return 0;
-	has_cr = memchr(data, '\r', sz) != NULL;
+
+	crp = memchr(data, '\r', sz);
+	if (crp) {
+		unsigned int ret_stats;
+		ret_stats = gather_convert_stats(data, sz);
+		if (!(ret_stats & CONVERT_STAT_BITS_BIN) &&
+		    (ret_stats & CONVERT_STAT_BITS_TXT_CRLF))
+			has_crlf = 1;
+	}
 	free(data);
-	return has_cr;
+	return has_crlf;
+}
+
+static int will_convert_lf_to_crlf(size_t len, struct text_stat *stats,
+				   enum crlf_action crlf_action)
+{
+	if (output_eol(crlf_action) != EOL_CRLF)
+		return 0;
+	/* No "naked" LF? Nothing to convert, regardless. */
+	if (!stats->lonelf)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO || crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO_INPUT || crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO_CRLF) {
+		/* If we have any CR or CRLF line endings, we do not touch it */
+		/* This is the new safer autocrlf-handling */
+		if (stats->lonecr || stats->crlf)
+			return 0;
+
+		if (convert_is_binary(len, stats))
+			return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+
 }
 
-static int crlf_to_git(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
+static int validate_encoding(const char *path, const char *enc,
+		      const char *data, size_t len, int die_on_error)
+{
+	/* We only check for UTF here as UTF?? can be an alias for UTF-?? */
+	if (istarts_with(enc, "UTF")) {
+		/*
+		 * Check for detectable errors in UTF encodings
+		 */
+		if (has_prohibited_utf_bom(enc, data, len)) {
+			const char *error_msg = _(
+				"BOM is prohibited in '%s' if encoded as %s");
+			/*
+			 * This advice is shown for UTF-??BE and UTF-??LE encodings.
+			 * We cut off the last two characters of the encoding name
+			 * to generate the encoding name suitable for BOMs.
+			 */
+			const char *advise_msg = _(
+				"The file '%s' contains a byte order "
+				"mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%s as "
+				"working-tree-encoding.");
+			const char *stripped = NULL;
+			char *upper = xstrdup_toupper(enc);
+			upper[strlen(upper)-2] = '\0';
+			if (!skip_prefix(upper, "UTF-", &stripped))
+				skip_prefix(stripped, "UTF", &stripped);
+			advise(advise_msg, path, stripped);
+			free(upper);
+			if (die_on_error)
+				die(error_msg, path, enc);
+			else {
+				return error(error_msg, path, enc);
+			}
+
+		} else if (is_missing_required_utf_bom(enc, data, len)) {
+			const char *error_msg = _(
+				"BOM is required in '%s' if encoded as %s");
+			const char *advise_msg = _(
+				"The file '%s' is missing a byte order "
+				"mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%sBE or UTF-%sLE "
+				"(depending on the byte order) as "
+				"working-tree-encoding.");
+			const char *stripped = NULL;
+			char *upper = xstrdup_toupper(enc);
+			if (!skip_prefix(upper, "UTF-", &stripped))
+				skip_prefix(stripped, "UTF", &stripped);
+			advise(advise_msg, path, stripped, stripped);
+			free(upper);
+			if (die_on_error)
+				die(error_msg, path, enc);
+			else {
+				return error(error_msg, path, enc);
+			}
+		}
+
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void trace_encoding(const char *context, const char *path,
+			   const char *encoding, const char *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	static struct trace_key coe = TRACE_KEY_INIT(WORKING_TREE_ENCODING);
+	struct strbuf trace = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&trace, "%s (%s, considered %s):\n", context, path, encoding);
+	for (i = 0; i < len && buf; ++i) {
+		strbuf_addf(
+			&trace, "| \033[2m%2i:\033[0m %2x \033[2m%c\033[0m%c",
+			i,
+			(unsigned char) buf[i],
+			(buf[i] > 32 && buf[i] < 127 ? buf[i] : ' '),
+			((i+1) % 8 && (i+1) < len ? ' ' : '\n')
+		);
+	}
+	strbuf_addchars(&trace, '\n', 1);
+
+	trace_strbuf(&coe, &trace);
+	strbuf_release(&trace);
+}
+
+static int check_roundtrip(const char *enc_name)
+{
+	/*
+	 * check_roundtrip_encoding contains a string of comma and/or
+	 * space separated encodings (eg. "UTF-16, ASCII, CP1125").
+	 * Search for the given encoding in that string.
+	 */
+	const char *found = strcasestr(check_roundtrip_encoding, enc_name);
+	const char *next;
+	int len;
+	if (!found)
+		return 0;
+	next = found + strlen(enc_name);
+	len = strlen(check_roundtrip_encoding);
+	return (found && (
+			/*
+			 * check that the found encoding is at the
+			 * beginning of check_roundtrip_encoding or
+			 * that it is prefixed with a space or comma
+			 */
+			found == check_roundtrip_encoding || (
+				(isspace(found[-1]) || found[-1] == ',')
+			)
+		) && (
+			/*
+			 * check that the found encoding is at the
+			 * end of check_roundtrip_encoding or
+			 * that it is suffixed with a space or comma
+			 */
+			next == check_roundtrip_encoding + len || (
+				next < check_roundtrip_encoding + len &&
+				(isspace(next[0]) || next[0] == ',')
+			)
+		));
+}
+
+static const char *default_encoding = "UTF-8";
+
+static int encode_to_git(const char *path, const char *src, size_t src_len,
+			 struct strbuf *buf, const char *enc, int conv_flags)
+{
+	char *dst;
+	size_t dst_len;
+	int die_on_error = conv_flags & CONV_WRITE_OBJECT;
+
+	/*
+	 * No encoding is specified or there is nothing to encode.
+	 * Tell the caller that the content was not modified.
+	 */
+	if (!enc || (src && !src_len))
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Looks like we got called from "would_convert_to_git()".
+	 * This means Git wants to know if it would encode (= modify!)
+	 * the content. Let's answer with "yes", since an encoding was
+	 * specified.
+	 */
+	if (!buf && !src)
+		return 1;
+
+	if (validate_encoding(path, enc, src, src_len, die_on_error))
+		return 0;
+
+	trace_encoding("source", path, enc, src, src_len);
+	dst = reencode_string_len(src, src_len, default_encoding, enc,
+				  &dst_len);
+	if (!dst) {
+		/*
+		 * We could add the blob "as-is" to Git. However, on checkout
+		 * we would try to reencode to the original encoding. This
+		 * would fail and we would leave the user with a messed-up
+		 * working tree. Let's try to avoid this by screaming loud.
+		 */
+		const char* msg = _("failed to encode '%s' from %s to %s");
+		if (die_on_error)
+			die(msg, path, enc, default_encoding);
+		else {
+			error(msg, path, enc, default_encoding);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	trace_encoding("destination", path, default_encoding, dst, dst_len);
+
+	/*
+	 * UTF supports lossless conversion round tripping [1] and conversions
+	 * between UTF and other encodings are mostly round trip safe as
+	 * Unicode aims to be a superset of all other character encodings.
+	 * However, certain encodings (e.g. SHIFT-JIS) are known to have round
+	 * trip issues [2]. Check the round trip conversion for all encodings
+	 * listed in core.checkRoundtripEncoding.
+	 *
+	 * The round trip check is only performed if content is written to Git.
+	 * This ensures that no information is lost during conversion to/from
+	 * the internal UTF-8 representation.
+	 *
+	 * Please note, the code below is not tested because I was not able to
+	 * generate a faulty round trip without an iconv error. Iconv errors
+	 * are already caught above.
+	 *
+	 * [1] http://unicode.org/faq/utf_bom.html#gen2
+	 * [2] https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/170559/prb-conversion-problem-between-shift-jis-and-unicode
+	 */
+	if (die_on_error && check_roundtrip(enc)) {
+		char *re_src;
+		size_t re_src_len;
+
+		re_src = reencode_string_len(dst, dst_len,
+					     enc, default_encoding,
+					     &re_src_len);
+
+		trace_printf("Checking roundtrip encoding for %s...\n", enc);
+		trace_encoding("reencoded source", path, enc,
+			       re_src, re_src_len);
+
+		if (!re_src || src_len != re_src_len ||
+		    memcmp(src, re_src, src_len)) {
+			const char* msg = _("encoding '%s' from %s to %s and "
+					    "back is not the same");
+			die(msg, path, enc, default_encoding);
+		}
+
+		free(re_src);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_attach(buf, dst, dst_len, dst_len + 1);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int encode_to_worktree(const char *path, const char *src, size_t src_len,
+			      struct strbuf *buf, const char *enc)
+{
+	char *dst;
+	size_t dst_len;
+
+	/*
+	 * No encoding is specified or there is nothing to encode.
+	 * Tell the caller that the content was not modified.
+	 */
+	if (!enc || (src && !src_len))
+		return 0;
+
+	dst = reencode_string_len(src, src_len, enc, default_encoding,
+				  &dst_len);
+	if (!dst) {
+		error(_("failed to encode '%s' from %s to %s"),
+		      path, default_encoding, enc);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_attach(buf, dst, dst_len, dst_len + 1);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int crlf_to_git(const struct index_state *istate,
+		       const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
 		       struct strbuf *buf,
-		       enum crlf_action crlf_action, enum safe_crlf checksafe)
+		       enum crlf_action crlf_action, int conv_flags)
 {
 	struct text_stat stats;
 	char *dst;
+	int convert_crlf_into_lf;
 
 	if (crlf_action == CRLF_BINARY ||
-	    (crlf_action == CRLF_GUESS && auto_crlf == AUTO_CRLF_FALSE) ||
 	    (src && !len))
 		return 0;
 
@@ -185,36 +523,39 @@ static int crlf_to_git(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
 		return 1;
 
 	gather_stats(src, len, &stats);
+	/* Optimization: No CRLF? Nothing to convert, regardless. */
+	convert_crlf_into_lf = !!stats.crlf;
 
-	if (crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO || crlf_action == CRLF_GUESS) {
-		/*
-		 * We're currently not going to even try to convert stuff
-		 * that has bare CR characters. Does anybody do that crazy
-		 * stuff?
-		 */
-		if (stats.cr != stats.crlf)
+	if (crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO || crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO_INPUT || crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO_CRLF) {
+		if (convert_is_binary(len, &stats))
 			return 0;
-
 		/*
-		 * And add some heuristics for binary vs text, of course...
+		 * If the file in the index has any CR in it, do not
+		 * convert.  This is the new safer autocrlf handling,
+		 * unless we want to renormalize in a merge or
+		 * cherry-pick.
 		 */
-		if (is_binary(len, &stats))
-			return 0;
-
-		if (crlf_action == CRLF_GUESS) {
-			/*
-			 * If the file in the index has any CR in it, do not convert.
-			 * This is the new safer autocrlf handling.
-			 */
-			if (has_cr_in_index(path))
-				return 0;
+		if ((!(conv_flags & CONV_EOL_RENORMALIZE)) &&
+		    has_crlf_in_index(istate, path))
+			convert_crlf_into_lf = 0;
+	}
+	if (((conv_flags & CONV_EOL_RNDTRP_WARN) ||
+	     ((conv_flags & CONV_EOL_RNDTRP_DIE) && len))) {
+		struct text_stat new_stats;
+		memcpy(&new_stats, &stats, sizeof(new_stats));
+		/* simulate "git add" */
+		if (convert_crlf_into_lf) {
+			new_stats.lonelf += new_stats.crlf;
+			new_stats.crlf = 0;
 		}
+		/* simulate "git checkout" */
+		if (will_convert_lf_to_crlf(len, &new_stats, crlf_action)) {
+			new_stats.crlf += new_stats.lonelf;
+			new_stats.lonelf = 0;
+		}
+		check_global_conv_flags_eol(path, crlf_action, &stats, &new_stats, conv_flags);
 	}
-
-	check_safe_crlf(path, crlf_action, &stats, checksafe);
-
-	/* Optimization: No CR? Nothing to convert, regardless. */
-	if (!stats.cr)
+	if (!convert_crlf_into_lf)
 		return 0;
 
 	/*
@@ -228,7 +569,7 @@ static int crlf_to_git(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
 	if (strbuf_avail(buf) + buf->len < len)
 		strbuf_grow(buf, len - buf->len);
 	dst = buf->buf;
-	if (crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO || crlf_action == CRLF_GUESS) {
+	if (crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO || crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO_INPUT || crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO_CRLF) {
 		/*
 		 * If we guessed, we already know we rejected a file with
 		 * lone CR, and we can strip a CR without looking at what
@@ -260,36 +601,14 @@ static int crlf_to_worktree(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
 		return 0;
 
 	gather_stats(src, len, &stats);
-
-	/* No LF? Nothing to convert, regardless. */
-	if (!stats.lf)
+	if (!will_convert_lf_to_crlf(len, &stats, crlf_action))
 		return 0;
 
-	/* Was it already in CRLF format? */
-	if (stats.lf == stats.crlf)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO || crlf_action == CRLF_GUESS) {
-		if (crlf_action == CRLF_GUESS) {
-			/* If we have any CR or CRLF line endings, we do not touch it */
-			/* This is the new safer autocrlf-handling */
-			if (stats.cr > 0 || stats.crlf > 0)
-				return 0;
-		}
-
-		/* If we have any bare CR characters, we're not going to touch it */
-		if (stats.cr != stats.crlf)
-			return 0;
-
-		if (is_binary(len, &stats))
-			return 0;
-	}
-
 	/* are we "faking" in place editing ? */
 	if (src == buf->buf)
 		to_free = strbuf_detach(buf, NULL);
 
-	strbuf_grow(buf, len + stats.lf - stats.crlf);
+	strbuf_grow(buf, len + stats.lonelf);
 	for (;;) {
 		const char *nl = memchr(src, '\n', len);
 		if (!nl)
@@ -350,33 +669,42 @@ static int filter_buffer_or_fd(int in, int out, void *data)
 	child_process.in = -1;
 	child_process.out = out;
 
-	if (start_command(&child_process))
-		return error("cannot fork to run external filter %s", params->cmd);
+	if (start_command(&child_process)) {
+		strbuf_release(&cmd);
+		return error(_("cannot fork to run external filter '%s'"),
+			     params->cmd);
+	}
 
 	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
 
 	if (params->src) {
-		write_err = (write_in_full(child_process.in, params->src, params->size) < 0);
+		write_err = (write_in_full(child_process.in,
+					   params->src, params->size) < 0);
+		if (errno == EPIPE)
+			write_err = 0;
 	} else {
 		write_err = copy_fd(params->fd, child_process.in);
+		if (write_err == COPY_WRITE_ERROR && errno == EPIPE)
+			write_err = 0;
 	}
 
 	if (close(child_process.in))
 		write_err = 1;
 	if (write_err)
-		error("cannot feed the input to external filter %s", params->cmd);
+		error(_("cannot feed the input to external filter '%s'"),
+		      params->cmd);
 
 	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
 
 	status = finish_command(&child_process);
 	if (status)
-		error("external filter %s failed %d", params->cmd, status);
+		error(_("external filter '%s' failed %d"), params->cmd, status);
 
 	strbuf_release(&cmd);
 	return (write_err || status);
 }
 
-static int apply_filter(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len, int fd,
+static int apply_single_file_filter(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len, int fd,
                         struct strbuf *dst, const char *cmd)
 {
 	/*
@@ -385,17 +713,11 @@ static int apply_filter(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len, int fd,
 	 *
 	 * (child --> cmd) --> us
 	 */
-	int ret = 1;
+	int err = 0;
 	struct strbuf nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct async async;
 	struct filter_params params;
 
-	if (!cmd)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (!dst)
-		return 1;
-
 	memset(&async, 0, sizeof(async));
 	async.proc = filter_buffer_or_fd;
 	async.data = &params;
@@ -411,23 +733,235 @@ static int apply_filter(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len, int fd,
 		return 0;	/* error was already reported */
 
 	if (strbuf_read(&nbuf, async.out, len) < 0) {
-		error("read from external filter %s failed", cmd);
-		ret = 0;
+		err = error(_("read from external filter '%s' failed"), cmd);
 	}
 	if (close(async.out)) {
-		error("read from external filter %s failed", cmd);
-		ret = 0;
+		err = error(_("read from external filter '%s' failed"), cmd);
 	}
 	if (finish_async(&async)) {
-		error("external filter %s failed", cmd);
-		ret = 0;
+		err = error(_("external filter '%s' failed"), cmd);
 	}
 
-	if (ret) {
+	if (!err) {
 		strbuf_swap(dst, &nbuf);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&nbuf);
-	return ret;
+	return !err;
+}
+
+#define CAP_CLEAN    (1u<<0)
+#define CAP_SMUDGE   (1u<<1)
+#define CAP_DELAY    (1u<<2)
+
+struct cmd2process {
+	struct subprocess_entry subprocess; /* must be the first member! */
+	unsigned int supported_capabilities;
+};
+
+static int subprocess_map_initialized;
+static struct hashmap subprocess_map;
+
+static int start_multi_file_filter_fn(struct subprocess_entry *subprocess)
+{
+	static int versions[] = {2, 0};
+	static struct subprocess_capability capabilities[] = {
+		{ "clean",  CAP_CLEAN  },
+		{ "smudge", CAP_SMUDGE },
+		{ "delay",  CAP_DELAY  },
+		{ NULL, 0 }
+	};
+	struct cmd2process *entry = (struct cmd2process *)subprocess;
+	return subprocess_handshake(subprocess, "git-filter", versions, NULL,
+				    capabilities,
+				    &entry->supported_capabilities);
+}
+
+static void handle_filter_error(const struct strbuf *filter_status,
+				struct cmd2process *entry,
+				const unsigned int wanted_capability) {
+	if (!strcmp(filter_status->buf, "error"))
+		; /* The filter signaled a problem with the file. */
+	else if (!strcmp(filter_status->buf, "abort") && wanted_capability) {
+		/*
+		 * The filter signaled a permanent problem. Don't try to filter
+		 * files with the same command for the lifetime of the current
+		 * Git process.
+		 */
+		 entry->supported_capabilities &= ~wanted_capability;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Something went wrong with the protocol filter.
+		 * Force shutdown and restart if another blob requires filtering.
+		 */
+		error(_("external filter '%s' failed"), entry->subprocess.cmd);
+		subprocess_stop(&subprocess_map, &entry->subprocess);
+		free(entry);
+	}
+}
+
+static int apply_multi_file_filter(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
+				   int fd, struct strbuf *dst, const char *cmd,
+				   const unsigned int wanted_capability,
+				   struct delayed_checkout *dco)
+{
+	int err;
+	int can_delay = 0;
+	struct cmd2process *entry;
+	struct child_process *process;
+	struct strbuf nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf filter_status = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *filter_type;
+
+	if (!subprocess_map_initialized) {
+		subprocess_map_initialized = 1;
+		hashmap_init(&subprocess_map, cmd2process_cmp, NULL, 0);
+		entry = NULL;
+	} else {
+		entry = (struct cmd2process *)subprocess_find_entry(&subprocess_map, cmd);
+	}
+
+	fflush(NULL);
+
+	if (!entry) {
+		entry = xmalloc(sizeof(*entry));
+		entry->supported_capabilities = 0;
+
+		if (subprocess_start(&subprocess_map, &entry->subprocess, cmd, start_multi_file_filter_fn)) {
+			free(entry);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	process = &entry->subprocess.process;
+
+	if (!(entry->supported_capabilities & wanted_capability))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (wanted_capability & CAP_CLEAN)
+		filter_type = "clean";
+	else if (wanted_capability & CAP_SMUDGE)
+		filter_type = "smudge";
+	else
+		die(_("unexpected filter type"));
+
+	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+
+	assert(strlen(filter_type) < LARGE_PACKET_DATA_MAX - strlen("command=\n"));
+	err = packet_write_fmt_gently(process->in, "command=%s\n", filter_type);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = strlen(path) > LARGE_PACKET_DATA_MAX - strlen("pathname=\n");
+	if (err) {
+		error(_("path name too long for external filter"));
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = packet_write_fmt_gently(process->in, "pathname=%s\n", path);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	if ((entry->supported_capabilities & CAP_DELAY) &&
+	    dco && dco->state == CE_CAN_DELAY) {
+		can_delay = 1;
+		err = packet_write_fmt_gently(process->in, "can-delay=1\n");
+		if (err)
+			goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = packet_flush_gently(process->in);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (fd >= 0)
+		err = write_packetized_from_fd(fd, process->in);
+	else
+		err = write_packetized_from_buf(src, len, process->in);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = subprocess_read_status(process->out, &filter_status);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (can_delay && !strcmp(filter_status.buf, "delayed")) {
+		string_list_insert(&dco->filters, cmd);
+		string_list_insert(&dco->paths, path);
+	} else {
+		/* The filter got the blob and wants to send us a response. */
+		err = strcmp(filter_status.buf, "success");
+		if (err)
+			goto done;
+
+		err = read_packetized_to_strbuf(process->out, &nbuf) < 0;
+		if (err)
+			goto done;
+
+		err = subprocess_read_status(process->out, &filter_status);
+		if (err)
+			goto done;
+
+		err = strcmp(filter_status.buf, "success");
+	}
+
+done:
+	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
+
+	if (err)
+		handle_filter_error(&filter_status, entry, wanted_capability);
+	else
+		strbuf_swap(dst, &nbuf);
+	strbuf_release(&nbuf);
+	return !err;
+}
+
+
+int async_query_available_blobs(const char *cmd, struct string_list *available_paths)
+{
+	int err;
+	char *line;
+	struct cmd2process *entry;
+	struct child_process *process;
+	struct strbuf filter_status = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	assert(subprocess_map_initialized);
+	entry = (struct cmd2process *)subprocess_find_entry(&subprocess_map, cmd);
+	if (!entry) {
+		error(_("external filter '%s' is not available anymore although "
+			"not all paths have been filtered"), cmd);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	process = &entry->subprocess.process;
+	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+
+	err = packet_write_fmt_gently(
+		process->in, "command=list_available_blobs\n");
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = packet_flush_gently(process->in);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	while ((line = packet_read_line(process->out, NULL))) {
+		const char *path;
+		if (skip_prefix(line, "pathname=", &path))
+			string_list_insert(available_paths, xstrdup(path));
+		else
+			; /* ignore unknown keys */
+	}
+
+	err = subprocess_read_status(process->out, &filter_status);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = strcmp(filter_status.buf, "success");
+
+done:
+	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
+
+	if (err)
+		handle_filter_error(&filter_status, entry, 0);
+	return !err;
 }
 
 static struct convert_driver {
@@ -435,9 +969,37 @@ static struct convert_driver {
 	struct convert_driver *next;
 	const char *smudge;
 	const char *clean;
+	const char *process;
 	int required;
 } *user_convert, **user_convert_tail;
 
+static int apply_filter(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
+			int fd, struct strbuf *dst, struct convert_driver *drv,
+			const unsigned int wanted_capability,
+			struct delayed_checkout *dco)
+{
+	const char *cmd = NULL;
+
+	if (!drv)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!dst)
+		return 1;
+
+	if ((wanted_capability & CAP_CLEAN) && !drv->process && drv->clean)
+		cmd = drv->clean;
+	else if ((wanted_capability & CAP_SMUDGE) && !drv->process && drv->smudge)
+		cmd = drv->smudge;
+
+	if (cmd && *cmd)
+		return apply_single_file_filter(path, src, len, fd, dst, cmd);
+	else if (drv->process && *drv->process)
+		return apply_multi_file_filter(path, src, len, fd, dst,
+			drv->process, wanted_capability, dco);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int read_convert_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	const char *key, *name;
@@ -475,6 +1037,9 @@ static int read_convert_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	if (!strcmp("clean", key))
 		return git_config_string(&drv->clean, var, value);
 
+	if (!strcmp("process", key))
+		return git_config_string(&drv->process, var, value);
+
 	if (!strcmp("required", key)) {
 		drv->required = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
@@ -572,7 +1137,7 @@ static int ident_to_git(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
 static int ident_to_worktree(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
                              struct strbuf *buf, int ident)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	char *to_free = NULL, *dollar, *spc;
 	int cnt;
 
@@ -586,9 +1151,9 @@ static int ident_to_worktree(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
 	/* are we "faking" in place editing ? */
 	if (src == buf->buf)
 		to_free = strbuf_detach(buf, NULL);
-	hash_sha1_file(src, len, "blob", sha1);
+	hash_object_file(src, len, "blob", &oid);
 
-	strbuf_grow(buf, len + cnt * 43);
+	strbuf_grow(buf, len + cnt * (the_hash_algo->hexsz + 3));
 	for (;;) {
 		/* step 1: run to the next '$' */
 		dollar = memchr(src, '$', len);
@@ -643,7 +1208,7 @@ static int ident_to_worktree(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
 
 		/* step 4: substitute */
 		strbuf_addstr(buf, "Id: ");
-		strbuf_add(buf, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, oid_to_hex(&oid));
 		strbuf_addstr(buf, " $");
 	}
 	strbuf_add(buf, src, len);
@@ -652,7 +1217,25 @@ static int ident_to_worktree(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static enum crlf_action git_path_check_crlf(const char *path, struct git_attr_check *check)
+static const char *git_path_check_encoding(struct attr_check_item *check)
+{
+	const char *value = check->value;
+
+	if (ATTR_UNSET(value) || !strlen(value))
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (ATTR_TRUE(value) || ATTR_FALSE(value)) {
+		die(_("true/false are no valid working-tree-encodings"));
+	}
+
+	/* Don't encode to the default encoding */
+	if (same_encoding(value, default_encoding))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return value;
+}
+
+static enum crlf_action git_path_check_crlf(struct attr_check_item *check)
 {
 	const char *value = check->value;
 
@@ -663,13 +1246,13 @@ static enum crlf_action git_path_check_crlf(const char *path, struct git_attr_ch
 	else if (ATTR_UNSET(value))
 		;
 	else if (!strcmp(value, "input"))
-		return CRLF_INPUT;
+		return CRLF_TEXT_INPUT;
 	else if (!strcmp(value, "auto"))
 		return CRLF_AUTO;
-	return CRLF_GUESS;
+	return CRLF_UNDEFINED;
 }
 
-static enum eol git_path_check_eol(const char *path, struct git_attr_check *check)
+static enum eol git_path_check_eol(struct attr_check_item *check)
 {
 	const char *value = check->value;
 
@@ -682,8 +1265,7 @@ static enum eol git_path_check_eol(const char *path, struct git_attr_check *chec
 	return EOL_UNSET;
 }
 
-static struct convert_driver *git_path_check_convert(const char *path,
-					     struct git_attr_check *check)
+static struct convert_driver *git_path_check_convert(struct attr_check_item *check)
 {
 	const char *value = check->value;
 	struct convert_driver *drv;
@@ -696,68 +1278,76 @@ static struct convert_driver *git_path_check_convert(const char *path,
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static int git_path_check_ident(const char *path, struct git_attr_check *check)
+static int git_path_check_ident(struct attr_check_item *check)
 {
 	const char *value = check->value;
 
 	return !!ATTR_TRUE(value);
 }
 
-static enum crlf_action input_crlf_action(enum crlf_action text_attr, enum eol eol_attr)
-{
-	if (text_attr == CRLF_BINARY)
-		return CRLF_BINARY;
-	if (eol_attr == EOL_LF)
-		return CRLF_INPUT;
-	if (eol_attr == EOL_CRLF)
-		return CRLF_CRLF;
-	return text_attr;
-}
-
 struct conv_attrs {
 	struct convert_driver *drv;
-	enum crlf_action crlf_action;
-	enum eol eol_attr;
+	enum crlf_action attr_action; /* What attr says */
+	enum crlf_action crlf_action; /* When no attr is set, use core.autocrlf */
 	int ident;
+	const char *working_tree_encoding; /* Supported encoding or default encoding if NULL */
 };
 
-static const char *conv_attr_name[] = {
-	"crlf", "ident", "filter", "eol", "text",
-};
-#define NUM_CONV_ATTRS ARRAY_SIZE(conv_attr_name)
-
-static void convert_attrs(struct conv_attrs *ca, const char *path)
+static void convert_attrs(const struct index_state *istate,
+			  struct conv_attrs *ca, const char *path)
 {
-	int i;
-	static struct git_attr_check ccheck[NUM_CONV_ATTRS];
+	static struct attr_check *check;
 
-	if (!ccheck[0].attr) {
-		for (i = 0; i < NUM_CONV_ATTRS; i++)
-			ccheck[i].attr = git_attr(conv_attr_name[i]);
+	if (!check) {
+		check = attr_check_initl("crlf", "ident", "filter",
+					 "eol", "text", "working-tree-encoding",
+					 NULL);
 		user_convert_tail = &user_convert;
 		git_config(read_convert_config, NULL);
 	}
 
-	if (!git_check_attr(path, NUM_CONV_ATTRS, ccheck)) {
-		ca->crlf_action = git_path_check_crlf(path, ccheck + 4);
-		if (ca->crlf_action == CRLF_GUESS)
-			ca->crlf_action = git_path_check_crlf(path, ccheck + 0);
-		ca->ident = git_path_check_ident(path, ccheck + 1);
-		ca->drv = git_path_check_convert(path, ccheck + 2);
-		ca->eol_attr = git_path_check_eol(path, ccheck + 3);
+	if (!git_check_attr(istate, path, check)) {
+		struct attr_check_item *ccheck = check->items;
+		ca->crlf_action = git_path_check_crlf(ccheck + 4);
+		if (ca->crlf_action == CRLF_UNDEFINED)
+			ca->crlf_action = git_path_check_crlf(ccheck + 0);
+		ca->ident = git_path_check_ident(ccheck + 1);
+		ca->drv = git_path_check_convert(ccheck + 2);
+		if (ca->crlf_action != CRLF_BINARY) {
+			enum eol eol_attr = git_path_check_eol(ccheck + 3);
+			if (ca->crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO && eol_attr == EOL_LF)
+				ca->crlf_action = CRLF_AUTO_INPUT;
+			else if (ca->crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO && eol_attr == EOL_CRLF)
+				ca->crlf_action = CRLF_AUTO_CRLF;
+			else if (eol_attr == EOL_LF)
+				ca->crlf_action = CRLF_TEXT_INPUT;
+			else if (eol_attr == EOL_CRLF)
+				ca->crlf_action = CRLF_TEXT_CRLF;
+		}
+		ca->working_tree_encoding = git_path_check_encoding(ccheck + 5);
 	} else {
 		ca->drv = NULL;
-		ca->crlf_action = CRLF_GUESS;
-		ca->eol_attr = EOL_UNSET;
+		ca->crlf_action = CRLF_UNDEFINED;
 		ca->ident = 0;
 	}
+
+	/* Save attr and make a decision for action */
+	ca->attr_action = ca->crlf_action;
+	if (ca->crlf_action == CRLF_TEXT)
+		ca->crlf_action = text_eol_is_crlf() ? CRLF_TEXT_CRLF : CRLF_TEXT_INPUT;
+	if (ca->crlf_action == CRLF_UNDEFINED && auto_crlf == AUTO_CRLF_FALSE)
+		ca->crlf_action = CRLF_BINARY;
+	if (ca->crlf_action == CRLF_UNDEFINED && auto_crlf == AUTO_CRLF_TRUE)
+		ca->crlf_action = CRLF_AUTO_CRLF;
+	if (ca->crlf_action == CRLF_UNDEFINED && auto_crlf == AUTO_CRLF_INPUT)
+		ca->crlf_action = CRLF_AUTO_INPUT;
 }
 
-int would_convert_to_git_filter_fd(const char *path)
+int would_convert_to_git_filter_fd(const struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
 {
 	struct conv_attrs ca;
 
-	convert_attrs(&ca, path);
+	convert_attrs(istate, &ca, path);
 	if (!ca.drv)
 		return 0;
 
@@ -769,71 +1359,96 @@ int would_convert_to_git_filter_fd(const char *path)
 	if (!ca.drv->required)
 		return 0;
 
-	return apply_filter(path, NULL, 0, -1, NULL, ca.drv->clean);
+	return apply_filter(path, NULL, 0, -1, NULL, ca.drv, CAP_CLEAN, NULL);
 }
 
-int convert_to_git(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
-                   struct strbuf *dst, enum safe_crlf checksafe)
+const char *get_convert_attr_ascii(const struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
 {
-	int ret = 0;
-	const char *filter = NULL;
-	int required = 0;
 	struct conv_attrs ca;
 
-	convert_attrs(&ca, path);
-	if (ca.drv) {
-		filter = ca.drv->clean;
-		required = ca.drv->required;
+	convert_attrs(istate, &ca, path);
+	switch (ca.attr_action) {
+	case CRLF_UNDEFINED:
+		return "";
+	case CRLF_BINARY:
+		return "-text";
+	case CRLF_TEXT:
+		return "text";
+	case CRLF_TEXT_INPUT:
+		return "text eol=lf";
+	case CRLF_TEXT_CRLF:
+		return "text eol=crlf";
+	case CRLF_AUTO:
+		return "text=auto";
+	case CRLF_AUTO_CRLF:
+		return "text=auto eol=crlf";
+	case CRLF_AUTO_INPUT:
+		return "text=auto eol=lf";
 	}
+	return "";
+}
 
-	ret |= apply_filter(path, src, len, -1, dst, filter);
-	if (!ret && required)
-		die("%s: clean filter '%s' failed", path, ca.drv->name);
+int convert_to_git(const struct index_state *istate,
+		   const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
+		   struct strbuf *dst, int conv_flags)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct conv_attrs ca;
+
+	convert_attrs(istate, &ca, path);
+
+	ret |= apply_filter(path, src, len, -1, dst, ca.drv, CAP_CLEAN, NULL);
+	if (!ret && ca.drv && ca.drv->required)
+		die(_("%s: clean filter '%s' failed"), path, ca.drv->name);
 
 	if (ret && dst) {
 		src = dst->buf;
 		len = dst->len;
 	}
-	ca.crlf_action = input_crlf_action(ca.crlf_action, ca.eol_attr);
-	ret |= crlf_to_git(path, src, len, dst, ca.crlf_action, checksafe);
+
+	ret |= encode_to_git(path, src, len, dst, ca.working_tree_encoding, conv_flags);
 	if (ret && dst) {
 		src = dst->buf;
 		len = dst->len;
 	}
+
+	if (!(conv_flags & CONV_EOL_KEEP_CRLF)) {
+		ret |= crlf_to_git(istate, path, src, len, dst, ca.crlf_action, conv_flags);
+		if (ret && dst) {
+			src = dst->buf;
+			len = dst->len;
+		}
+	}
 	return ret | ident_to_git(path, src, len, dst, ca.ident);
 }
 
-void convert_to_git_filter_fd(const char *path, int fd, struct strbuf *dst,
-			      enum safe_crlf checksafe)
+void convert_to_git_filter_fd(const struct index_state *istate,
+			      const char *path, int fd, struct strbuf *dst,
+			      int conv_flags)
 {
 	struct conv_attrs ca;
-	convert_attrs(&ca, path);
+	convert_attrs(istate, &ca, path);
 
 	assert(ca.drv);
-	assert(ca.drv->clean);
+	assert(ca.drv->clean || ca.drv->process);
 
-	if (!apply_filter(path, NULL, 0, fd, dst, ca.drv->clean))
-		die("%s: clean filter '%s' failed", path, ca.drv->name);
+	if (!apply_filter(path, NULL, 0, fd, dst, ca.drv, CAP_CLEAN, NULL))
+		die(_("%s: clean filter '%s' failed"), path, ca.drv->name);
 
-	ca.crlf_action = input_crlf_action(ca.crlf_action, ca.eol_attr);
-	crlf_to_git(path, dst->buf, dst->len, dst, ca.crlf_action, checksafe);
+	encode_to_git(path, dst->buf, dst->len, dst, ca.working_tree_encoding, conv_flags);
+	crlf_to_git(istate, path, dst->buf, dst->len, dst, ca.crlf_action, conv_flags);
 	ident_to_git(path, dst->buf, dst->len, dst, ca.ident);
 }
 
-static int convert_to_working_tree_internal(const char *path, const char *src,
+static int convert_to_working_tree_internal(const struct index_state *istate,
+					    const char *path, const char *src,
 					    size_t len, struct strbuf *dst,
-					    int normalizing)
+					    int normalizing, struct delayed_checkout *dco)
 {
 	int ret = 0, ret_filter = 0;
-	const char *filter = NULL;
-	int required = 0;
 	struct conv_attrs ca;
 
-	convert_attrs(&ca, path);
-	if (ca.drv) {
-		filter = ca.drv->smudge;
-		required = ca.drv->required;
-	}
+	convert_attrs(istate, &ca, path);
 
 	ret |= ident_to_worktree(path, src, len, dst, ca.ident);
 	if (ret) {
@@ -842,10 +1457,10 @@ static int convert_to_working_tree_internal(const char *path, const char *src,
 	}
 	/*
 	 * CRLF conversion can be skipped if normalizing, unless there
-	 * is a smudge filter.  The filter might expect CRLFs.
+	 * is a smudge or process filter (even if the process filter doesn't
+	 * support smudge).  The filters might expect CRLFs.
 	 */
-	if (filter || !normalizing) {
-		ca.crlf_action = input_crlf_action(ca.crlf_action, ca.eol_attr);
+	if ((ca.drv && (ca.drv->smudge || ca.drv->process)) || !normalizing) {
 		ret |= crlf_to_worktree(path, src, len, dst, ca.crlf_action);
 		if (ret) {
 			src = dst->buf;
@@ -853,26 +1468,44 @@ static int convert_to_working_tree_internal(const char *path, const char *src,
 		}
 	}
 
-	ret_filter = apply_filter(path, src, len, -1, dst, filter);
-	if (!ret_filter && required)
-		die("%s: smudge filter %s failed", path, ca.drv->name);
+	ret |= encode_to_worktree(path, src, len, dst, ca.working_tree_encoding);
+	if (ret) {
+		src = dst->buf;
+		len = dst->len;
+	}
+
+	ret_filter = apply_filter(
+		path, src, len, -1, dst, ca.drv, CAP_SMUDGE, dco);
+	if (!ret_filter && ca.drv && ca.drv->required)
+		die(_("%s: smudge filter %s failed"), path, ca.drv->name);
 
 	return ret | ret_filter;
 }
 
-int convert_to_working_tree(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len, struct strbuf *dst)
+int async_convert_to_working_tree(const struct index_state *istate,
+				  const char *path, const char *src,
+				  size_t len, struct strbuf *dst,
+				  void *dco)
+{
+	return convert_to_working_tree_internal(istate, path, src, len, dst, 0, dco);
+}
+
+int convert_to_working_tree(const struct index_state *istate,
+			    const char *path, const char *src,
+			    size_t len, struct strbuf *dst)
 {
-	return convert_to_working_tree_internal(path, src, len, dst, 0);
+	return convert_to_working_tree_internal(istate, path, src, len, dst, 0, NULL);
 }
 
-int renormalize_buffer(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len, struct strbuf *dst)
+int renormalize_buffer(const struct index_state *istate, const char *path,
+		       const char *src, size_t len, struct strbuf *dst)
 {
-	int ret = convert_to_working_tree_internal(path, src, len, dst, 1);
+	int ret = convert_to_working_tree_internal(istate, path, src, len, dst, 1, NULL);
 	if (ret) {
 		src = dst->buf;
 		len = dst->len;
 	}
-	return ret | convert_to_git(path, src, len, dst, SAFE_CRLF_FALSE);
+	return ret | convert_to_git(istate, path, src, len, dst, CONV_EOL_RENORMALIZE);
 }
 
 /*****************************************************************
@@ -1156,7 +1789,7 @@ struct ident_filter {
 	struct stream_filter filter;
 	struct strbuf left;
 	int state;
-	char ident[45]; /* ": x40 $" */
+	char ident[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 5]; /* ": x40 $" */
 };
 
 static int is_foreign_ident(const char *str)
@@ -1200,8 +1833,9 @@ static int ident_filter_fn(struct stream_filter *filter,
 		switch (ident->state) {
 		default:
 			strbuf_add(&ident->left, head, ident->state);
+			/* fallthrough */
 		case IDENT_SKIPPING:
-			/* fallthru */
+			/* fallthrough */
 		case IDENT_DRAINING:
 			ident_drain(ident, &output, osize_p);
 		}
@@ -1280,11 +1914,12 @@ static struct stream_filter_vtbl ident_vtbl = {
 	ident_free_fn,
 };
 
-static struct stream_filter *ident_filter(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static struct stream_filter *ident_filter(const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct ident_filter *ident = xmalloc(sizeof(*ident));
 
-	sprintf(ident->ident, ": %s $", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	xsnprintf(ident->ident, sizeof(ident->ident),
+		  ": %s $", oid_to_hex(oid));
 	strbuf_init(&ident->left, 0);
 	ident->filter.vtbl = &ident_vtbl;
 	ident->state = 0;
@@ -1299,29 +1934,30 @@ static struct stream_filter *ident_filter(const unsigned char *sha1)
  * Note that you would be crazy to set CRLF, smuge/clean or ident to a
  * large binary blob you would want us not to slurp into the memory!
  */
-struct stream_filter *get_stream_filter(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1)
+struct stream_filter *get_stream_filter(const struct index_state *istate,
+					const char *path,
+					const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct conv_attrs ca;
-	enum crlf_action crlf_action;
 	struct stream_filter *filter = NULL;
 
-	convert_attrs(&ca, path);
-
-	if (ca.drv && (ca.drv->smudge || ca.drv->clean))
-		return filter;
+	convert_attrs(istate, &ca, path);
+	if (ca.drv && (ca.drv->process || ca.drv->smudge || ca.drv->clean))
+		return NULL;
 
-	if (ca.ident)
-		filter = ident_filter(sha1);
+	if (ca.working_tree_encoding)
+		return NULL;
 
-	crlf_action = input_crlf_action(ca.crlf_action, ca.eol_attr);
+	if (ca.crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO || ca.crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO_CRLF)
+		return NULL;
 
-	if ((crlf_action == CRLF_BINARY) || (crlf_action == CRLF_INPUT) ||
-	    (crlf_action == CRLF_GUESS && auto_crlf == AUTO_CRLF_FALSE))
-		filter = cascade_filter(filter, &null_filter_singleton);
+	if (ca.ident)
+		filter = ident_filter(oid);
 
-	else if (output_eol(crlf_action) == EOL_CRLF &&
-		 !(crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO || crlf_action == CRLF_GUESS))
+	if (output_eol(ca.crlf_action) == EOL_CRLF)
 		filter = cascade_filter(filter, lf_to_crlf_filter());
+	else
+		filter = cascade_filter(filter, &null_filter_singleton);
 
 	return filter;
 }
diff --git a/convert.h b/convert.h
index d9d853cd3d..831559f10d 100644
--- a/convert.h
+++ b/convert.h
@@ -4,13 +4,19 @@
 #ifndef CONVERT_H
 #define CONVERT_H
 
-enum safe_crlf {
-	SAFE_CRLF_FALSE = 0,
-	SAFE_CRLF_FAIL = 1,
-	SAFE_CRLF_WARN = 2
-};
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+struct index_state;
+struct object_id;
+struct strbuf;
 
-extern enum safe_crlf safe_crlf;
+#define CONV_EOL_RNDTRP_DIE   (1<<0) /* Die if CRLF to LF to CRLF is different */
+#define CONV_EOL_RNDTRP_WARN  (1<<1) /* Warn if CRLF to LF to CRLF is different */
+#define CONV_EOL_RENORMALIZE  (1<<2) /* Convert CRLF to LF */
+#define CONV_EOL_KEEP_CRLF    (1<<3) /* Keep CRLF line endings as is */
+#define CONV_WRITE_OBJECT     (1<<4) /* Content is written to the index */
+
+extern int global_conv_flags_eol;
 
 enum auto_crlf {
 	AUTO_CRLF_FALSE = 0,
@@ -31,24 +37,62 @@ enum eol {
 #endif
 };
 
+enum ce_delay_state {
+	CE_NO_DELAY = 0,
+	CE_CAN_DELAY = 1,
+	CE_RETRY = 2
+};
+
+struct delayed_checkout {
+	/*
+	 * State of the currently processed cache entry. If the state is
+	 * CE_CAN_DELAY, then the filter can delay the current cache entry.
+	 * If the state is CE_RETRY, then this signals the filter that the
+	 * cache entry was requested before.
+	 */
+	enum ce_delay_state state;
+	/* List of filter drivers that signaled delayed blobs. */
+	struct string_list filters;
+	/* List of delayed blobs identified by their path. */
+	struct string_list paths;
+};
+
 extern enum eol core_eol;
+extern char *check_roundtrip_encoding;
+const char *get_cached_convert_stats_ascii(const struct index_state *istate,
+					   const char *path);
+const char *get_wt_convert_stats_ascii(const char *path);
+const char *get_convert_attr_ascii(const struct index_state *istate,
+				   const char *path);
 
 /* returns 1 if *dst was used */
-extern int convert_to_git(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
-			  struct strbuf *dst, enum safe_crlf checksafe);
-extern int convert_to_working_tree(const char *path, const char *src,
-				   size_t len, struct strbuf *dst);
-extern int renormalize_buffer(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
-			      struct strbuf *dst);
-static inline int would_convert_to_git(const char *path)
+int convert_to_git(const struct index_state *istate,
+		   const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
+		   struct strbuf *dst, int conv_flags);
+int convert_to_working_tree(const struct index_state *istate,
+			    const char *path, const char *src,
+			    size_t len, struct strbuf *dst);
+int async_convert_to_working_tree(const struct index_state *istate,
+				  const char *path, const char *src,
+				  size_t len, struct strbuf *dst,
+				  void *dco);
+int async_query_available_blobs(const char *cmd,
+				struct string_list *available_paths);
+int renormalize_buffer(const struct index_state *istate,
+		       const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
+		       struct strbuf *dst);
+static inline int would_convert_to_git(const struct index_state *istate,
+				       const char *path)
 {
-	return convert_to_git(path, NULL, 0, NULL, 0);
+	return convert_to_git(istate, path, NULL, 0, NULL, 0);
 }
 /* Precondition: would_convert_to_git_filter_fd(path) == true */
-extern void convert_to_git_filter_fd(const char *path, int fd,
-				     struct strbuf *dst,
-				     enum safe_crlf checksafe);
-extern int would_convert_to_git_filter_fd(const char *path);
+void convert_to_git_filter_fd(const struct index_state *istate,
+			      const char *path, int fd,
+			      struct strbuf *dst,
+			      int conv_flags);
+int would_convert_to_git_filter_fd(const struct index_state *istate,
+				   const char *path);
 
 /*****************************************************************
  *
@@ -58,9 +102,11 @@ extern int would_convert_to_git_filter_fd(const char *path);
 
 struct stream_filter; /* opaque */
 
-extern struct stream_filter *get_stream_filter(const char *path, const unsigned char *);
-extern void free_stream_filter(struct stream_filter *);
-extern int is_null_stream_filter(struct stream_filter *);
+struct stream_filter *get_stream_filter(const struct index_state *istate,
+					const char *path,
+					const struct object_id *);
+void free_stream_filter(struct stream_filter *);
+int is_null_stream_filter(struct stream_filter *);
 
 /*
  * Use as much input up to *isize_p and fill output up to *osize_p;
@@ -74,8 +120,8 @@ extern int is_null_stream_filter(struct stream_filter *);
  * such filters know there is no more input coming and it is time for
  * them to produce the remaining output based on the buffered input.
  */
-extern int stream_filter(struct stream_filter *,
-			 const char *input, size_t *isize_p,
-			 char *output, size_t *osize_p);
+int stream_filter(struct stream_filter *,
+		  const char *input, size_t *isize_p,
+		  char *output, size_t *osize_p);
 
 #endif /* CONVERT_H */
diff --git a/copy.c b/copy.c
index f2970ec462..4de6a110f0 100644
--- a/copy.c
+++ b/copy.c
@@ -7,13 +7,10 @@ int copy_fd(int ifd, int ofd)
 		ssize_t len = xread(ifd, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
 		if (!len)
 			break;
-		if (len < 0) {
-			return error("copy-fd: read returned %s",
-				     strerror(errno));
-		}
+		if (len < 0)
+			return COPY_READ_ERROR;
 		if (write_in_full(ofd, buffer, len) < 0)
-			return error("copy-fd: write returned %s",
-				     strerror(errno));
+			return COPY_WRITE_ERROR;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -43,9 +40,17 @@ int copy_file(const char *dst, const char *src, int mode)
 		return fdo;
 	}
 	status = copy_fd(fdi, fdo);
+	switch (status) {
+	case COPY_READ_ERROR:
+		error_errno("copy-fd: read returned");
+		break;
+	case COPY_WRITE_ERROR:
+		error_errno("copy-fd: write returned");
+		break;
+	}
 	close(fdi);
 	if (close(fdo) != 0)
-		return error("%s: close error: %s", dst, strerror(errno));
+		return error_errno("%s: close error", dst);
 
 	if (!status && adjust_shared_perm(dst))
 		return -1;
diff --git a/credential-cache--daemon.c b/credential-cache--daemon.c
index c2f00498f6..4dfbc8c9f9 100644
--- a/credential-cache--daemon.c
+++ b/credential-cache--daemon.c
@@ -1,27 +1,13 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "tempfile.h"
 #include "credential.h"
 #include "unix-socket.h"
-#include "sigchain.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
-static const char *socket_path;
-
-static void cleanup_socket(void)
-{
-	if (socket_path)
-		unlink(socket_path);
-}
-
-static void cleanup_socket_on_signal(int sig)
-{
-	cleanup_socket();
-	sigchain_pop(sig);
-	raise(sig);
-}
-
 struct credential_cache_entry {
 	struct credential item;
-	unsigned long expiration;
+	timestamp_t expiration;
 };
 static struct credential_cache_entry *entries;
 static int entries_nr;
@@ -60,12 +46,12 @@ static void remove_credential(const struct credential *c)
 		e->expiration = 0;
 }
 
-static int check_expirations(void)
+static timestamp_t check_expirations(void)
 {
-	static unsigned long wait_for_entry_until;
+	static timestamp_t wait_for_entry_until;
 	int i = 0;
-	unsigned long now = time(NULL);
-	unsigned long next = (unsigned long)-1;
+	timestamp_t now = time(NULL);
+	timestamp_t next = TIME_MAX;
 
 	/*
 	 * Initially give the client 30 seconds to actually contact us
@@ -109,12 +95,12 @@ static int read_request(FILE *fh, struct credential *c,
 	static struct strbuf item = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *p;
 
-	strbuf_getline(&item, fh, '\n');
+	strbuf_getline_lf(&item, fh);
 	if (!skip_prefix(item.buf, "action=", &p))
 		return error("client sent bogus action line: %s", item.buf);
 	strbuf_addstr(action, p);
 
-	strbuf_getline(&item, fh, '\n');
+	strbuf_getline_lf(&item, fh);
 	if (!skip_prefix(item.buf, "timeout=", &p))
 		return error("client sent bogus timeout line: %s", item.buf);
 	*timeout = atoi(p);
@@ -139,8 +125,17 @@ static void serve_one_client(FILE *in, FILE *out)
 			fprintf(out, "password=%s\n", e->item.password);
 		}
 	}
-	else if (!strcmp(action.buf, "exit"))
+	else if (!strcmp(action.buf, "exit")) {
+		/*
+		 * It's important that we clean up our socket first, and then
+		 * signal the client only once we have finished the cleanup.
+		 * Calling exit() directly does this, because we clean up in
+		 * our atexit() handler, and then signal the client when our
+		 * process actually ends, which closes the socket and gives
+		 * them EOF.
+		 */
 		exit(0);
+	}
 	else if (!strcmp(action.buf, "erase"))
 		remove_credential(&c);
 	else if (!strcmp(action.buf, "store")) {
@@ -163,7 +158,7 @@ static void serve_one_client(FILE *in, FILE *out)
 static int serve_cache_loop(int fd)
 {
 	struct pollfd pfd;
-	unsigned long wakeup;
+	timestamp_t wakeup;
 
 	wakeup = check_expirations();
 	if (!wakeup)
@@ -183,12 +178,12 @@ static int serve_cache_loop(int fd)
 
 		client = accept(fd, NULL, NULL);
 		if (client < 0) {
-			warning("accept failed: %s", strerror(errno));
+			warning_errno("accept failed");
 			return 1;
 		}
 		client2 = dup(client);
 		if (client2 < 0) {
-			warning("dup failed: %s", strerror(errno));
+			warning_errno("dup failed");
 			close(client);
 			return 1;
 		}
@@ -221,15 +216,14 @@ static void serve_cache(const char *socket_path, int debug)
 		; /* nothing */
 
 	close(fd);
-	unlink(socket_path);
 }
 
-static const char permissions_advice[] =
+static const char permissions_advice[] = N_(
 "The permissions on your socket directory are too loose; other\n"
 "users may be able to read your cached credentials. Consider running:\n"
 "\n"
-"	chmod 0700 %s";
-static void check_socket_directory(const char *path)
+"	chmod 0700 %s");
+static void init_socket_directory(const char *path)
 {
 	struct stat st;
 	char *path_copy = xstrdup(path);
@@ -237,26 +231,36 @@ static void check_socket_directory(const char *path)
 
 	if (!stat(dir, &st)) {
 		if (st.st_mode & 077)
-			die(permissions_advice, dir);
-		free(path_copy);
-		return;
+			die(_(permissions_advice), dir);
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * We must be sure to create the directory with the correct mode,
+		 * not just chmod it after the fact; otherwise, there is a race
+		 * condition in which somebody can chdir to it, sleep, then try to open
+		 * our protected socket.
+		 */
+		if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(dir) < 0)
+			die_errno("unable to create directories for '%s'", dir);
+		if (mkdir(dir, 0700) < 0)
+			die_errno("unable to mkdir '%s'", dir);
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * We must be sure to create the directory with the correct mode,
-	 * not just chmod it after the fact; otherwise, there is a race
-	 * condition in which somebody can chdir to it, sleep, then try to open
-	 * our protected socket.
-	 */
-	if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(dir) < 0)
-		die_errno("unable to create directories for '%s'", dir);
-	if (mkdir(dir, 0700) < 0)
-		die_errno("unable to mkdir '%s'", dir);
+	if (chdir(dir))
+		/*
+		 * We don't actually care what our cwd is; we chdir here just to
+		 * be a friendly daemon and avoid tying up our original cwd.
+		 * If this fails, it's OK to just continue without that benefit.
+		 */
+		;
+
 	free(path_copy);
 }
 
-int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
+	struct tempfile *socket_file;
+	const char *socket_path;
+	int ignore_sighup = 0;
 	static const char *usage[] = {
 		"git-credential-cache--daemon [opts] <socket_path>",
 		NULL
@@ -268,17 +272,25 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
+	git_config_get_bool("credentialcache.ignoresighup", &ignore_sighup);
+
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, usage, 0);
 	socket_path = argv[0];
 
 	if (!socket_path)
 		usage_with_options(usage, options);
-	check_socket_directory(socket_path);
 
-	atexit(cleanup_socket);
-	sigchain_push_common(cleanup_socket_on_signal);
+	if (!is_absolute_path(socket_path))
+		die("socket directory must be an absolute path");
+
+	init_socket_directory(socket_path);
+	socket_file = register_tempfile(socket_path);
+
+	if (ignore_sighup)
+		signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN);
 
 	serve_cache(socket_path, debug);
+	delete_tempfile(&socket_file);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/credential-cache.c b/credential-cache.c
index 8689a1519a..1cccc3a0b9 100644
--- a/credential-cache.c
+++ b/credential-cache.c
@@ -25,13 +25,14 @@ static int send_request(const char *socket, const struct strbuf *out)
 		int r;
 
 		r = read_in_full(fd, in, sizeof(in));
-		if (r == 0)
+		if (r == 0 || (r < 0 && errno == ECONNRESET))
 			break;
 		if (r < 0)
 			die_errno("read error from cache daemon");
 		write_or_die(1, in, r);
 		got_data = 1;
 	}
+	close(fd);
 	return got_data;
 }
 
@@ -82,13 +83,26 @@ static void do_cache(const char *socket, const char *action, int timeout,
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
-int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+static char *get_socket_path(void)
+{
+	struct stat sb;
+	char *old_dir, *socket;
+	old_dir = expand_user_path("~/.git-credential-cache", 0);
+	if (old_dir && !stat(old_dir, &sb) && S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode))
+		socket = xstrfmt("%s/socket", old_dir);
+	else
+		socket = xdg_cache_home("credential/socket");
+	free(old_dir);
+	return socket;
+}
+
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	char *socket_path = NULL;
 	int timeout = 900;
 	const char *op;
 	const char * const usage[] = {
-		"git credential-cache [options] <action>",
+		"git credential-cache [<options>] <action>",
 		NULL
 	};
 	struct option options[] = {
@@ -105,7 +119,7 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 	op = argv[0];
 
 	if (!socket_path)
-		socket_path = expand_user_path("~/.git-credential-cache/socket");
+		socket_path = get_socket_path();
 	if (!socket_path)
 		die("unable to find a suitable socket path; use --socket");
 
diff --git a/credential-store.c b/credential-store.c
index 925d3f4024..ac295420dd 100644
--- a/credential-store.c
+++ b/credential-store.c
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 static struct lock_file credential_lock;
 
-static void parse_credential_file(const char *fn,
+static int parse_credential_file(const char *fn,
 				  struct credential *c,
 				  void (*match_cb)(struct credential *),
 				  void (*other_cb)(struct strbuf *))
@@ -14,18 +14,20 @@ static void parse_credential_file(const char *fn,
 	FILE *fh;
 	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct credential entry = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
+	int found_credential = 0;
 
 	fh = fopen(fn, "r");
 	if (!fh) {
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
+		if (errno != ENOENT && errno != EACCES)
 			die_errno("unable to open %s", fn);
-		return;
+		return found_credential;
 	}
 
-	while (strbuf_getline(&line, fh, '\n') != EOF) {
+	while (strbuf_getline_lf(&line, fh) != EOF) {
 		credential_from_url(&entry, line.buf);
 		if (entry.username && entry.password &&
 		    credential_match(c, &entry)) {
+			found_credential = 1;
 			if (match_cb) {
 				match_cb(&entry);
 				break;
@@ -38,6 +40,7 @@ static void parse_credential_file(const char *fn,
 	credential_clear(&entry);
 	strbuf_release(&line);
 	fclose(fh);
+	return found_credential;
 }
 
 static void print_entry(struct credential *c)
@@ -49,7 +52,7 @@ static void print_entry(struct credential *c)
 static void print_line(struct strbuf *buf)
 {
 	strbuf_addch(buf, '\n');
-	write_or_die(credential_lock.fd, buf->buf, buf->len);
+	write_or_die(get_lock_file_fd(&credential_lock), buf->buf, buf->len);
 }
 
 static void rewrite_credential_file(const char *fn, struct credential *c,
@@ -61,24 +64,13 @@ static void rewrite_credential_file(const char *fn, struct credential *c,
 		print_line(extra);
 	parse_credential_file(fn, c, NULL, print_line);
 	if (commit_lock_file(&credential_lock) < 0)
-		die_errno("unable to commit credential store");
+		die_errno("unable to write credential store");
 }
 
-static void store_credential(const char *fn, struct credential *c)
+static void store_credential_file(const char *fn, struct credential *c)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	/*
-	 * Sanity check that what we are storing is actually sensible.
-	 * In particular, we can't make a URL without a protocol field.
-	 * Without either a host or pathname (depending on the scheme),
-	 * we have no primary key. And without a username and password,
-	 * we are not actually storing a credential.
-	 */
-	if (!c->protocol || !(c->host || c->path) ||
-	    !c->username || !c->password)
-		return;
-
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s://", c->protocol);
 	strbuf_addstr_urlencode(&buf, c->username, 1);
 	strbuf_addch(&buf, ':');
@@ -95,8 +87,37 @@ static void store_credential(const char *fn, struct credential *c)
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
-static void remove_credential(const char *fn, struct credential *c)
+static void store_credential(const struct string_list *fns, struct credential *c)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *fn;
+
+	/*
+	 * Sanity check that what we are storing is actually sensible.
+	 * In particular, we can't make a URL without a protocol field.
+	 * Without either a host or pathname (depending on the scheme),
+	 * we have no primary key. And without a username and password,
+	 * we are not actually storing a credential.
+	 */
+	if (!c->protocol || !(c->host || c->path) || !c->username || !c->password)
+		return;
+
+	for_each_string_list_item(fn, fns)
+		if (!access(fn->string, F_OK)) {
+			store_credential_file(fn->string, c);
+			return;
+		}
+	/*
+	 * Write credential to the filename specified by fns->items[0], thus
+	 * creating it
+	 */
+	if (fns->nr)
+		store_credential_file(fns->items[0].string, c);
+}
+
+static void remove_credential(const struct string_list *fns, struct credential *c)
 {
+	struct string_list_item *fn;
+
 	/*
 	 * Sanity check that we actually have something to match
 	 * against. The input we get is a restrictive pattern,
@@ -105,17 +126,23 @@ static void remove_credential(const char *fn, struct credential *c)
 	 * to empty input. So explicitly disallow it, and require that the
 	 * pattern have some actual content to match.
 	 */
-	if (c->protocol || c->host || c->path || c->username)
-		rewrite_credential_file(fn, c, NULL);
+	if (!c->protocol && !c->host && !c->path && !c->username)
+		return;
+	for_each_string_list_item(fn, fns)
+		if (!access(fn->string, F_OK))
+			rewrite_credential_file(fn->string, c, NULL);
 }
 
-static int lookup_credential(const char *fn, struct credential *c)
+static void lookup_credential(const struct string_list *fns, struct credential *c)
 {
-	parse_credential_file(fn, c, print_entry, NULL);
-	return c->username && c->password;
+	struct string_list_item *fn;
+
+	for_each_string_list_item(fn, fns)
+		if (parse_credential_file(fn->string, c, print_entry, NULL))
+			return; /* Found credential */
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	const char * const usage[] = {
 		"git credential-store [<options>] <action>",
@@ -123,6 +150,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	};
 	const char *op;
 	struct credential c = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
+	struct string_list fns = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	char *file = NULL;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_STRING(0, "file", &file, "path",
@@ -137,22 +165,30 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		usage_with_options(usage, options);
 	op = argv[0];
 
-	if (!file)
-		file = expand_user_path("~/.git-credentials");
-	if (!file)
+	if (file) {
+		string_list_append(&fns, file);
+	} else {
+		if ((file = expand_user_path("~/.git-credentials", 0)))
+			string_list_append_nodup(&fns, file);
+		file = xdg_config_home("credentials");
+		if (file)
+			string_list_append_nodup(&fns, file);
+	}
+	if (!fns.nr)
 		die("unable to set up default path; use --file");
 
 	if (credential_read(&c, stdin) < 0)
 		die("unable to read credential");
 
 	if (!strcmp(op, "get"))
-		lookup_credential(file, &c);
+		lookup_credential(&fns, &c);
 	else if (!strcmp(op, "erase"))
-		remove_credential(file, &c);
+		remove_credential(&fns, &c);
 	else if (!strcmp(op, "store"))
-		store_credential(file, &c);
+		store_credential(&fns, &c);
 	else
 		; /* Ignore unknown operation. */
 
+	string_list_clear(&fns, 0);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/credential.c b/credential.c
index b146ad8481..62be651b03 100644
--- a/credential.c
+++ b/credential.c
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "credential.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "url.h"
 #include "prompt.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 void credential_init(struct credential *c)
 {
@@ -63,9 +65,12 @@ static int credential_config_callback(const char *var, const char *value,
 		key = dot + 1;
 	}
 
-	if (!strcmp(key, "helper"))
-		string_list_append(&c->helpers, value);
-	else if (!strcmp(key, "username")) {
+	if (!strcmp(key, "helper")) {
+		if (*value)
+			string_list_append(&c->helpers, value);
+		else
+			string_list_clear(&c->helpers, 0);
+	} else if (!strcmp(key, "username")) {
 		if (!c->username)
 			c->username = xstrdup(value);
 	}
@@ -90,8 +95,7 @@ static void credential_apply_config(struct credential *c)
 	c->configured = 1;
 
 	if (!c->use_http_path && proto_is_http(c->protocol)) {
-		free(c->path);
-		c->path = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(c->path);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -142,7 +146,7 @@ int credential_read(struct credential *c, FILE *fp)
 {
 	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	while (strbuf_getline(&line, fp, '\n') != EOF) {
+	while (strbuf_getline_lf(&line, fp) != EOF) {
 		char *key = line.buf;
 		char *value = strchr(key, '=');
 
@@ -224,8 +228,10 @@ static int run_credential_helper(struct credential *c,
 		return -1;
 
 	fp = xfdopen(helper.in, "w");
+	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
 	credential_write(c, fp);
 	fclose(fp);
+	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
 
 	if (want_output) {
 		int r;
@@ -311,10 +317,8 @@ void credential_reject(struct credential *c)
 	for (i = 0; i < c->helpers.nr; i++)
 		credential_do(c, c->helpers.items[i].string, "erase");
 
-	free(c->username);
-	c->username = NULL;
-	free(c->password);
-	c->password = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(c->username);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(c->password);
 	c->approved = 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/csum-file.c b/csum-file.c
index b00b215031..53ce37f7ca 100644
--- a/csum-file.c
+++ b/csum-file.c
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 #include "progress.h"
 #include "csum-file.h"
 
-static void flush(struct sha1file *f, const void *buf, unsigned int count)
+static void flush(struct hashfile *f, const void *buf, unsigned int count)
 {
 	if (0 <= f->check_fd && count)  {
 		unsigned char check_buffer[8192];
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ static void flush(struct sha1file *f, const void *buf, unsigned int count)
 
 		if (ret < 0)
 			die_errno("%s: sha1 file read error", f->name);
-		if (ret < count)
+		if (ret != count)
 			die("%s: sha1 file truncated", f->name);
 		if (memcmp(buf, check_buffer, count))
 			die("sha1 file '%s' validation error", f->name);
@@ -42,30 +42,30 @@ static void flush(struct sha1file *f, const void *buf, unsigned int count)
 	}
 }
 
-void sha1flush(struct sha1file *f)
+void hashflush(struct hashfile *f)
 {
 	unsigned offset = f->offset;
 
 	if (offset) {
-		git_SHA1_Update(&f->ctx, f->buffer, offset);
+		the_hash_algo->update_fn(&f->ctx, f->buffer, offset);
 		flush(f, f->buffer, offset);
 		f->offset = 0;
 	}
 }
 
-int sha1close(struct sha1file *f, unsigned char *result, unsigned int flags)
+int finalize_hashfile(struct hashfile *f, unsigned char *result, unsigned int flags)
 {
 	int fd;
 
-	sha1flush(f);
-	git_SHA1_Final(f->buffer, &f->ctx);
+	hashflush(f);
+	the_hash_algo->final_fn(f->buffer, &f->ctx);
 	if (result)
 		hashcpy(result, f->buffer);
-	if (flags & (CSUM_CLOSE | CSUM_FSYNC)) {
-		/* write checksum and close fd */
-		flush(f, f->buffer, 20);
-		if (flags & CSUM_FSYNC)
-			fsync_or_die(f->fd, f->name);
+	if (flags & CSUM_HASH_IN_STREAM)
+		flush(f, f->buffer, the_hash_algo->rawsz);
+	if (flags & CSUM_FSYNC)
+		fsync_or_die(f->fd, f->name);
+	if (flags & CSUM_CLOSE) {
 		if (close(f->fd))
 			die_errno("%s: sha1 file error on close", f->name);
 		fd = 0;
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ int sha1close(struct sha1file *f, unsigned char *result, unsigned int flags)
 	return fd;
 }
 
-void sha1write(struct sha1file *f, const void *buf, unsigned int count)
+void hashwrite(struct hashfile *f, const void *buf, unsigned int count)
 {
 	while (count) {
 		unsigned offset = f->offset;
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ void sha1write(struct sha1file *f, const void *buf, unsigned int count)
 		buf = (char *) buf + nr;
 		left -= nr;
 		if (!left) {
-			git_SHA1_Update(&f->ctx, data, offset);
+			the_hash_algo->update_fn(&f->ctx, data, offset);
 			flush(f, data, offset);
 			offset = 0;
 		}
@@ -118,34 +118,30 @@ void sha1write(struct sha1file *f, const void *buf, unsigned int count)
 	}
 }
 
-struct sha1file *sha1fd(int fd, const char *name)
+struct hashfile *hashfd(int fd, const char *name)
 {
-	return sha1fd_throughput(fd, name, NULL);
+	return hashfd_throughput(fd, name, NULL);
 }
 
-struct sha1file *sha1fd_check(const char *name)
+struct hashfile *hashfd_check(const char *name)
 {
 	int sink, check;
-	struct sha1file *f;
+	struct hashfile *f;
 
 	sink = open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY);
 	if (sink < 0)
-		return NULL;
+		die_errno("unable to open /dev/null");
 	check = open(name, O_RDONLY);
-	if (check < 0) {
-		int saved_errno = errno;
-		close(sink);
-		errno = saved_errno;
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	f = sha1fd(sink, name);
+	if (check < 0)
+		die_errno("unable to open '%s'", name);
+	f = hashfd(sink, name);
 	f->check_fd = check;
 	return f;
 }
 
-struct sha1file *sha1fd_throughput(int fd, const char *name, struct progress *tp)
+struct hashfile *hashfd_throughput(int fd, const char *name, struct progress *tp)
 {
-	struct sha1file *f = xmalloc(sizeof(*f));
+	struct hashfile *f = xmalloc(sizeof(*f));
 	f->fd = fd;
 	f->check_fd = -1;
 	f->offset = 0;
@@ -153,18 +149,18 @@ struct sha1file *sha1fd_throughput(int fd, const char *name, struct progress *tp
 	f->tp = tp;
 	f->name = name;
 	f->do_crc = 0;
-	git_SHA1_Init(&f->ctx);
+	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&f->ctx);
 	return f;
 }
 
-void sha1file_checkpoint(struct sha1file *f, struct sha1file_checkpoint *checkpoint)
+void hashfile_checkpoint(struct hashfile *f, struct hashfile_checkpoint *checkpoint)
 {
-	sha1flush(f);
+	hashflush(f);
 	checkpoint->offset = f->total;
 	checkpoint->ctx = f->ctx;
 }
 
-int sha1file_truncate(struct sha1file *f, struct sha1file_checkpoint *checkpoint)
+int hashfile_truncate(struct hashfile *f, struct hashfile_checkpoint *checkpoint)
 {
 	off_t offset = checkpoint->offset;
 
@@ -173,17 +169,17 @@ int sha1file_truncate(struct sha1file *f, struct sha1file_checkpoint *checkpoint
 		return -1;
 	f->total = offset;
 	f->ctx = checkpoint->ctx;
-	f->offset = 0; /* sha1flush() was called in checkpoint */
+	f->offset = 0; /* hashflush() was called in checkpoint */
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void crc32_begin(struct sha1file *f)
+void crc32_begin(struct hashfile *f)
 {
 	f->crc32 = crc32(0, NULL, 0);
 	f->do_crc = 1;
 }
 
-uint32_t crc32_end(struct sha1file *f)
+uint32_t crc32_end(struct hashfile *f)
 {
 	f->do_crc = 0;
 	return f->crc32;
diff --git a/csum-file.h b/csum-file.h
index 7530927d77..3bf7184736 100644
--- a/csum-file.h
+++ b/csum-file.h
@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
 #ifndef CSUM_FILE_H
 #define CSUM_FILE_H
 
+#include "hash.h"
+
 struct progress;
 
 /* A SHA1-protected file */
-struct sha1file {
+struct hashfile {
 	int fd;
 	int check_fd;
 	unsigned int offset;
-	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
+	git_hash_ctx ctx;
 	off_t total;
 	struct progress *tp;
 	const char *name;
@@ -18,36 +20,37 @@ struct sha1file {
 };
 
 /* Checkpoint */
-struct sha1file_checkpoint {
+struct hashfile_checkpoint {
 	off_t offset;
-	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
+	git_hash_ctx ctx;
 };
 
-extern void sha1file_checkpoint(struct sha1file *, struct sha1file_checkpoint *);
-extern int sha1file_truncate(struct sha1file *, struct sha1file_checkpoint *);
+extern void hashfile_checkpoint(struct hashfile *, struct hashfile_checkpoint *);
+extern int hashfile_truncate(struct hashfile *, struct hashfile_checkpoint *);
 
-/* sha1close flags */
-#define CSUM_CLOSE	1
-#define CSUM_FSYNC	2
+/* finalize_hashfile flags */
+#define CSUM_CLOSE		1
+#define CSUM_FSYNC		2
+#define CSUM_HASH_IN_STREAM	4
 
-extern struct sha1file *sha1fd(int fd, const char *name);
-extern struct sha1file *sha1fd_check(const char *name);
-extern struct sha1file *sha1fd_throughput(int fd, const char *name, struct progress *tp);
-extern int sha1close(struct sha1file *, unsigned char *, unsigned int);
-extern void sha1write(struct sha1file *, const void *, unsigned int);
-extern void sha1flush(struct sha1file *f);
-extern void crc32_begin(struct sha1file *);
-extern uint32_t crc32_end(struct sha1file *);
+extern struct hashfile *hashfd(int fd, const char *name);
+extern struct hashfile *hashfd_check(const char *name);
+extern struct hashfile *hashfd_throughput(int fd, const char *name, struct progress *tp);
+extern int finalize_hashfile(struct hashfile *, unsigned char *, unsigned int);
+extern void hashwrite(struct hashfile *, const void *, unsigned int);
+extern void hashflush(struct hashfile *f);
+extern void crc32_begin(struct hashfile *);
+extern uint32_t crc32_end(struct hashfile *);
 
-static inline void sha1write_u8(struct sha1file *f, uint8_t data)
+static inline void hashwrite_u8(struct hashfile *f, uint8_t data)
 {
-	sha1write(f, &data, sizeof(data));
+	hashwrite(f, &data, sizeof(data));
 }
 
-static inline void sha1write_be32(struct sha1file *f, uint32_t data)
+static inline void hashwrite_be32(struct hashfile *f, uint32_t data)
 {
 	data = htonl(data);
-	sha1write(f, &data, sizeof(data));
+	hashwrite(f, &data, sizeof(data));
 }
 
 #endif
diff --git a/daemon.c b/daemon.c
index c3edd960ec..9d2e0d20ef 100644
--- a/daemon.c
+++ b/daemon.c
@@ -1,19 +1,20 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 
-#ifndef HOST_NAME_MAX
-#define HOST_NAME_MAX 256
-#endif
-
 #ifdef NO_INITGROUPS
 #define initgroups(x, y) (0) /* nothing */
 #endif
 
-static int log_syslog;
+static enum log_destination {
+	LOG_DESTINATION_UNSET = -1,
+	LOG_DESTINATION_NONE = 0,
+	LOG_DESTINATION_STDERR = 1,
+	LOG_DESTINATION_SYSLOG = 2,
+} log_destination = LOG_DESTINATION_UNSET;
 static int verbose;
 static int reuseaddr;
 static int informative_errors;
@@ -29,10 +30,11 @@ static const char daemon_usage[] =
 "           [--access-hook=<path>]\n"
 "           [--inetd | [--listen=<host_or_ipaddr>] [--port=<n>]\n"
 "                      [--detach] [--user=<user> [--group=<group>]]\n"
+"           [--log-destination=(stderr|syslog|none)]\n"
 "           [<directory>...]";
 
 /* List of acceptable pathname prefixes */
-static char **ok_paths;
+static const char **ok_paths;
 static int strict_paths;
 
 /* If this is set, git-daemon-export-ok is not required */
@@ -43,9 +45,6 @@ static const char *base_path;
 static const char *interpolated_path;
 static int base_path_relaxed;
 
-/* Flag indicating client sent extra args. */
-static int saw_extended_args;
-
 /* If defined, ~user notation is allowed and the string is inserted
  * after ~user/.  E.g. a request to git://host/~alice/frotz would
  * go to /home/alice/pub_git/frotz with --user-path=pub_git.
@@ -56,34 +55,39 @@ static const char *user_path;
 static unsigned int timeout;
 static unsigned int init_timeout;
 
-static char *hostname;
-static char *canon_hostname;
-static char *ip_address;
-static char *tcp_port;
-
-static int hostname_lookup_done;
+struct hostinfo {
+	struct strbuf hostname;
+	struct strbuf canon_hostname;
+	struct strbuf ip_address;
+	struct strbuf tcp_port;
+	unsigned int hostname_lookup_done:1;
+	unsigned int saw_extended_args:1;
+};
 
-static void lookup_hostname(void);
+static void lookup_hostname(struct hostinfo *hi);
 
-static const char *get_canon_hostname(void)
+static const char *get_canon_hostname(struct hostinfo *hi)
 {
-	lookup_hostname();
-	return canon_hostname;
+	lookup_hostname(hi);
+	return hi->canon_hostname.buf;
 }
 
-static const char *get_ip_address(void)
+static const char *get_ip_address(struct hostinfo *hi)
 {
-	lookup_hostname();
-	return ip_address;
+	lookup_hostname(hi);
+	return hi->ip_address.buf;
 }
 
 static void logreport(int priority, const char *err, va_list params)
 {
-	if (log_syslog) {
+	switch (log_destination) {
+	case LOG_DESTINATION_SYSLOG: {
 		char buf[1024];
 		vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), err, params);
 		syslog(priority, "%s", buf);
-	} else {
+		break;
+	}
+	case LOG_DESTINATION_STDERR:
 		/*
 		 * Since stderr is set to buffered mode, the
 		 * logging of different processes will not overlap
@@ -93,6 +97,11 @@ static void logreport(int priority, const char *err, va_list params)
 		vfprintf(stderr, err, params);
 		fputc('\n', stderr);
 		fflush(stderr);
+		break;
+	case LOG_DESTINATION_NONE:
+		break;
+	case LOG_DESTINATION_UNSET:
+		BUG("log destination not initialized correctly");
 	}
 }
 
@@ -122,38 +131,34 @@ static void NORETURN daemon_die(const char *err, va_list params)
 	exit(1);
 }
 
-static void strbuf_addstr_or_null(struct strbuf *sb, const char *s)
-{
-	if (s)
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, s);
-}
-
 struct expand_path_context {
 	const char *directory;
+	struct hostinfo *hostinfo;
 };
 
 static size_t expand_path(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder, void *ctx)
 {
 	struct expand_path_context *context = ctx;
+	struct hostinfo *hi = context->hostinfo;
 
 	switch (placeholder[0]) {
 	case 'H':
-		strbuf_addstr_or_null(sb, hostname);
+		strbuf_addbuf(sb, &hi->hostname);
 		return 1;
 	case 'C':
 		if (placeholder[1] == 'H') {
-			strbuf_addstr_or_null(sb, get_canon_hostname());
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, get_canon_hostname(hi));
 			return 2;
 		}
 		break;
 	case 'I':
 		if (placeholder[1] == 'P') {
-			strbuf_addstr_or_null(sb, get_ip_address());
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, get_ip_address(hi));
 			return 2;
 		}
 		break;
 	case 'P':
-		strbuf_addstr_or_null(sb, tcp_port);
+		strbuf_addbuf(sb, &hi->tcp_port);
 		return 1;
 	case 'D':
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, context->directory);
@@ -162,10 +167,11 @@ static size_t expand_path(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder, void *ctx)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static const char *path_ok(const char *directory)
+static const char *path_ok(const char *directory, struct hostinfo *hi)
 {
 	static char rpath[PATH_MAX];
 	static char interp_path[PATH_MAX];
+	size_t rlen;
 	const char *path;
 	const char *dir;
 
@@ -193,16 +199,21 @@ static const char *path_ok(const char *directory)
 			namlen = slash - dir;
 			restlen -= namlen;
 			loginfo("userpath <%s>, request <%s>, namlen %d, restlen %d, slash <%s>", user_path, dir, namlen, restlen, slash);
-			snprintf(rpath, PATH_MAX, "%.*s/%s%.*s",
-				 namlen, dir, user_path, restlen, slash);
+			rlen = snprintf(rpath, sizeof(rpath), "%.*s/%s%.*s",
+					namlen, dir, user_path, restlen, slash);
+			if (rlen >= sizeof(rpath)) {
+				logerror("user-path too large: %s", rpath);
+				return NULL;
+			}
 			dir = rpath;
 		}
 	}
-	else if (interpolated_path && saw_extended_args) {
+	else if (interpolated_path && hi->saw_extended_args) {
 		struct strbuf expanded_path = STRBUF_INIT;
 		struct expand_path_context context;
 
 		context.directory = directory;
+		context.hostinfo = hi;
 
 		if (*dir != '/') {
 			/* Allow only absolute */
@@ -212,7 +223,15 @@ static const char *path_ok(const char *directory)
 
 		strbuf_expand(&expanded_path, interpolated_path,
 			      expand_path, &context);
-		strlcpy(interp_path, expanded_path.buf, PATH_MAX);
+
+		rlen = strlcpy(interp_path, expanded_path.buf,
+			       sizeof(interp_path));
+		if (rlen >= sizeof(interp_path)) {
+			logerror("interpolated path too large: %s",
+				 interp_path);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+
 		strbuf_release(&expanded_path);
 		loginfo("Interpolated dir '%s'", interp_path);
 
@@ -224,7 +243,11 @@ static const char *path_ok(const char *directory)
 			logerror("'%s': Non-absolute path denied (base-path active)", dir);
 			return NULL;
 		}
-		snprintf(rpath, PATH_MAX, "%s%s", base_path, dir);
+		rlen = snprintf(rpath, sizeof(rpath), "%s%s", base_path, dir);
+		if (rlen >= sizeof(rpath)) {
+			logerror("base-path too large: %s", rpath);
+			return NULL;
+		}
 		dir = rpath;
 	}
 
@@ -244,7 +267,7 @@ static const char *path_ok(const char *directory)
 	}
 
 	if ( ok_paths && *ok_paths ) {
-		char **pp;
+		const char **pp;
 		int pathlen = strlen(path);
 
 		/* The validation is done on the paths after enter_repo
@@ -273,7 +296,7 @@ static const char *path_ok(const char *directory)
 	return NULL;		/* Fallthrough. Deny by default */
 }
 
-typedef int (*daemon_service_fn)(void);
+typedef int (*daemon_service_fn)(const struct argv_array *env);
 struct daemon_service {
 	const char *name;
 	const char *config_name;
@@ -286,13 +309,14 @@ static int daemon_error(const char *dir, const char *msg)
 {
 	if (!informative_errors)
 		msg = "access denied or repository not exported";
-	packet_write(1, "ERR %s: %s", msg, dir);
+	packet_write_fmt(1, "ERR %s: %s", msg, dir);
 	return -1;
 }
 
 static const char *access_hook;
 
-static int run_access_hook(struct daemon_service *service, const char *dir, const char *path)
+static int run_access_hook(struct daemon_service *service, const char *dir,
+			   const char *path, struct hostinfo *hi)
 {
 	struct child_process child = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -301,16 +325,14 @@ static int run_access_hook(struct daemon_service *service, const char *dir, cons
 	char *eol;
 	int seen_errors = 0;
 
-#define STRARG(x) ((x) ? (x) : "")
 	*arg++ = access_hook;
 	*arg++ = service->name;
 	*arg++ = path;
-	*arg++ = STRARG(hostname);
-	*arg++ = STRARG(get_canon_hostname());
-	*arg++ = STRARG(get_ip_address());
-	*arg++ = STRARG(tcp_port);
+	*arg++ = hi->hostname.buf;
+	*arg++ = get_canon_hostname(hi);
+	*arg++ = get_ip_address(hi);
+	*arg++ = hi->tcp_port.buf;
 	*arg = NULL;
-#undef STRARG
 
 	child.use_shell = 1;
 	child.argv = argv;
@@ -354,7 +376,8 @@ error_return:
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static int run_service(const char *dir, struct daemon_service *service)
+static int run_service(const char *dir, struct daemon_service *service,
+		       struct hostinfo *hi, const struct argv_array *env)
 {
 	const char *path;
 	int enabled = service->enabled;
@@ -368,7 +391,7 @@ static int run_service(const char *dir, struct daemon_service *service)
 		return daemon_error(dir, "service not enabled");
 	}
 
-	if (!(path = path_ok(dir)))
+	if (!(path = path_ok(dir, hi)))
 		return daemon_error(dir, "no such repository");
 
 	/*
@@ -404,7 +427,7 @@ static int run_service(const char *dir, struct daemon_service *service)
 	 * Optionally, a hook can choose to deny access to the
 	 * repository depending on the phase of the moon.
 	 */
-	if (access_hook && run_access_hook(service, dir, path))
+	if (access_hook && run_access_hook(service, dir, path, hi))
 		return -1;
 
 	/*
@@ -413,7 +436,7 @@ static int run_service(const char *dir, struct daemon_service *service)
 	 */
 	signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
 
-	return service->fn();
+	return service->fn(env);
 }
 
 static void copy_to_log(int fd)
@@ -428,7 +451,7 @@ static void copy_to_log(int fd)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	while (strbuf_getline(&line, fp, '\n') != EOF) {
+	while (strbuf_getline_lf(&line, fp) != EOF) {
 		logerror("%s", line.buf);
 		strbuf_setlen(&line, 0);
 	}
@@ -437,46 +460,51 @@ static void copy_to_log(int fd)
 	fclose(fp);
 }
 
-static int run_service_command(const char **argv)
+static int run_service_command(struct child_process *cld)
 {
-	struct child_process cld = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-
-	cld.argv = argv;
-	cld.git_cmd = 1;
-	cld.err = -1;
-	if (start_command(&cld))
+	argv_array_push(&cld->args, ".");
+	cld->git_cmd = 1;
+	cld->err = -1;
+	if (start_command(cld))
 		return -1;
 
 	close(0);
 	close(1);
 
-	copy_to_log(cld.err);
+	copy_to_log(cld->err);
 
-	return finish_command(&cld);
+	return finish_command(cld);
 }
 
-static int upload_pack(void)
+static int upload_pack(const struct argv_array *env)
 {
-	/* Timeout as string */
-	char timeout_buf[64];
-	const char *argv[] = { "upload-pack", "--strict", NULL, ".", NULL };
+	struct child_process cld = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	argv_array_pushl(&cld.args, "upload-pack", "--strict", NULL);
+	argv_array_pushf(&cld.args, "--timeout=%u", timeout);
 
-	argv[2] = timeout_buf;
+	argv_array_pushv(&cld.env_array, env->argv);
 
-	snprintf(timeout_buf, sizeof timeout_buf, "--timeout=%u", timeout);
-	return run_service_command(argv);
+	return run_service_command(&cld);
 }
 
-static int upload_archive(void)
+static int upload_archive(const struct argv_array *env)
 {
-	static const char *argv[] = { "upload-archive", ".", NULL };
-	return run_service_command(argv);
+	struct child_process cld = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	argv_array_push(&cld.args, "upload-archive");
+
+	argv_array_pushv(&cld.env_array, env->argv);
+
+	return run_service_command(&cld);
 }
 
-static int receive_pack(void)
+static int receive_pack(const struct argv_array *env)
 {
-	static const char *argv[] = { "receive-pack", ".", NULL };
-	return run_service_command(argv);
+	struct child_process cld = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	argv_array_push(&cld.args, "receive-pack");
+
+	argv_array_pushv(&cld.env_array, env->argv);
+
+	return run_service_command(&cld);
 }
 
 static struct daemon_service daemon_service[] = {
@@ -542,7 +570,7 @@ static void parse_host_and_port(char *hostport, char **host,
  * trailing and leading dots, which means that the client cannot escape
  * our base path via ".." traversal.
  */
-static void sanitize_client_strbuf(struct strbuf *out, const char *in)
+static void sanitize_client(struct strbuf *out, const char *in)
 {
 	for (; *in; in++) {
 		if (*in == '/')
@@ -556,51 +584,43 @@ static void sanitize_client_strbuf(struct strbuf *out, const char *in)
 		strbuf_setlen(out, out->len - 1);
 }
 
-static char *sanitize_client(const char *in)
-{
-	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
-	sanitize_client_strbuf(&out, in);
-	return strbuf_detach(&out, NULL);
-}
-
 /*
  * Like sanitize_client, but we also perform any canonicalization
  * to make life easier on the admin.
  */
-static char *canonicalize_client(const char *in)
+static void canonicalize_client(struct strbuf *out, const char *in)
 {
-	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
-	sanitize_client_strbuf(&out, in);
-	strbuf_tolower(&out);
-	return strbuf_detach(&out, NULL);
+	sanitize_client(out, in);
+	strbuf_tolower(out);
 }
 
 /*
  * Read the host as supplied by the client connection.
+ *
+ * Returns a pointer to the character after the NUL byte terminating the host
+ * arguemnt, or 'extra_args' if there is no host arguemnt.
  */
-static void parse_host_arg(char *extra_args, int buflen)
+static char *parse_host_arg(struct hostinfo *hi, char *extra_args, int buflen)
 {
 	char *val;
 	int vallen;
 	char *end = extra_args + buflen;
 
 	if (extra_args < end && *extra_args) {
-		saw_extended_args = 1;
+		hi->saw_extended_args = 1;
 		if (strncasecmp("host=", extra_args, 5) == 0) {
 			val = extra_args + 5;
 			vallen = strlen(val) + 1;
+			loginfo("Extended attribute \"host\": %s", val);
 			if (*val) {
 				/* Split <host>:<port> at colon. */
 				char *host;
 				char *port;
 				parse_host_and_port(val, &host, &port);
-				if (port) {
-					free(tcp_port);
-					tcp_port = sanitize_client(port);
-				}
-				free(hostname);
-				hostname = canonicalize_client(host);
-				hostname_lookup_done = 0;
+				if (port)
+					sanitize_client(&hi->tcp_port, port);
+				canonicalize_client(&hi->hostname, host);
+				hi->hostname_lookup_done = 0;
 			}
 
 			/* On to the next one */
@@ -609,14 +629,53 @@ static void parse_host_arg(char *extra_args, int buflen)
 		if (extra_args < end && *extra_args)
 			die("Invalid request");
 	}
+
+	return extra_args;
+}
+
+static void parse_extra_args(struct hostinfo *hi, struct argv_array *env,
+			     char *extra_args, int buflen)
+{
+	const char *end = extra_args + buflen;
+	struct strbuf git_protocol = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	/* First look for the host argument */
+	extra_args = parse_host_arg(hi, extra_args, buflen);
+
+	/* Look for additional arguments places after a second NUL byte */
+	for (; extra_args < end; extra_args += strlen(extra_args) + 1) {
+		const char *arg = extra_args;
+
+		/*
+		 * Parse the extra arguments, adding most to 'git_protocol'
+		 * which will be used to set the 'GIT_PROTOCOL' envvar in the
+		 * service that will be run.
+		 *
+		 * If there ends up being a particular arg in the future that
+		 * git-daemon needs to parse specificly (like the 'host' arg)
+		 * then it can be parsed here and not added to 'git_protocol'.
+		 */
+		if (*arg) {
+			if (git_protocol.len > 0)
+				strbuf_addch(&git_protocol, ':');
+			strbuf_addstr(&git_protocol, arg);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (git_protocol.len > 0) {
+		loginfo("Extended attribute \"protocol\": %s", git_protocol.buf);
+		argv_array_pushf(env, GIT_PROTOCOL_ENVIRONMENT "=%s",
+				 git_protocol.buf);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&git_protocol);
 }
 
 /*
  * Locate canonical hostname and its IP address.
  */
-static void lookup_hostname(void)
+static void lookup_hostname(struct hostinfo *hi)
 {
-	if (!hostname_lookup_done && hostname) {
+	if (!hi->hostname_lookup_done && hi->hostname.len) {
 #ifndef NO_IPV6
 		struct addrinfo hints;
 		struct addrinfo *ai;
@@ -626,19 +685,20 @@ static void lookup_hostname(void)
 		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
 		hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
 
-		gai = getaddrinfo(hostname, NULL, &hints, &ai);
+		gai = getaddrinfo(hi->hostname.buf, NULL, &hints, &ai);
 		if (!gai) {
 			struct sockaddr_in *sin_addr = (void *)ai->ai_addr;
 
 			inet_ntop(AF_INET, &sin_addr->sin_addr,
 				  addrbuf, sizeof(addrbuf));
-			free(ip_address);
-			ip_address = xstrdup(addrbuf);
+			strbuf_addstr(&hi->ip_address, addrbuf);
 
-			free(canon_hostname);
-			canon_hostname = ai->ai_canonname ?
-				sanitize_client(ai->ai_canonname) :
-				xstrdup(ip_address);
+			if (ai->ai_canonname)
+				sanitize_client(&hi->canon_hostname,
+						ai->ai_canonname);
+			else
+				strbuf_addbuf(&hi->canon_hostname,
+					      &hi->ip_address);
 
 			freeaddrinfo(ai);
 		}
@@ -648,7 +708,7 @@ static void lookup_hostname(void)
 		char **ap;
 		static char addrbuf[HOST_NAME_MAX + 1];
 
-		hent = gethostbyname(hostname);
+		hent = gethostbyname(hi->hostname.buf);
 		if (hent) {
 			ap = hent->h_addr_list;
 			memset(&sa, 0, sizeof sa);
@@ -659,48 +719,67 @@ static void lookup_hostname(void)
 			inet_ntop(hent->h_addrtype, &sa.sin_addr,
 				  addrbuf, sizeof(addrbuf));
 
-			free(canon_hostname);
-			canon_hostname = sanitize_client(hent->h_name);
-			free(ip_address);
-			ip_address = xstrdup(addrbuf);
+			sanitize_client(&hi->canon_hostname, hent->h_name);
+			strbuf_addstr(&hi->ip_address, addrbuf);
 		}
 #endif
-		hostname_lookup_done = 1;
+		hi->hostname_lookup_done = 1;
 	}
 }
 
+static void hostinfo_init(struct hostinfo *hi)
+{
+	memset(hi, 0, sizeof(*hi));
+	strbuf_init(&hi->hostname, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&hi->canon_hostname, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&hi->ip_address, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&hi->tcp_port, 0);
+}
+
+static void hostinfo_clear(struct hostinfo *hi)
+{
+	strbuf_release(&hi->hostname);
+	strbuf_release(&hi->canon_hostname);
+	strbuf_release(&hi->ip_address);
+	strbuf_release(&hi->tcp_port);
+}
+
+static void set_keep_alive(int sockfd)
+{
+	int ka = 1;
+
+	if (setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, &ka, sizeof(ka)) < 0) {
+		if (errno != ENOTSOCK)
+			logerror("unable to set SO_KEEPALIVE on socket: %s",
+				strerror(errno));
+	}
+}
 
 static int execute(void)
 {
 	char *line = packet_buffer;
 	int pktlen, len, i;
 	char *addr = getenv("REMOTE_ADDR"), *port = getenv("REMOTE_PORT");
+	struct hostinfo hi;
+	struct argv_array env = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+
+	hostinfo_init(&hi);
 
 	if (addr)
 		loginfo("Connection from %s:%s", addr, port);
 
+	set_keep_alive(0);
 	alarm(init_timeout ? init_timeout : timeout);
 	pktlen = packet_read(0, NULL, NULL, packet_buffer, sizeof(packet_buffer), 0);
 	alarm(0);
 
 	len = strlen(line);
-	if (pktlen != len)
-		loginfo("Extended attributes (%d bytes) exist <%.*s>",
-			(int) pktlen - len,
-			(int) pktlen - len, line + len + 1);
-	if (len && line[len-1] == '\n') {
-		line[--len] = 0;
-		pktlen--;
-	}
-
-	free(hostname);
-	free(canon_hostname);
-	free(ip_address);
-	free(tcp_port);
-	hostname = canon_hostname = ip_address = tcp_port = NULL;
+	if (len && line[len-1] == '\n')
+		line[len-1] = 0;
 
+	/* parse additional args hidden behind a NUL byte */
 	if (len != pktlen)
-		parse_host_arg(line + len + 1, pktlen - len - 1);
+		parse_extra_args(&hi, &env, line + len + 1, pktlen - len - 1);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(daemon_service); i++) {
 		struct daemon_service *s = &(daemon_service[i]);
@@ -713,10 +792,15 @@ static int execute(void)
 			 * Note: The directory here is probably context sensitive,
 			 * and might depend on the actual service being performed.
 			 */
-			return run_service(arg, s);
+			int rc = run_service(arg, s, &hi, &env);
+			hostinfo_clear(&hi);
+			argv_array_clear(&env);
+			return rc;
 		}
 	}
 
+	hostinfo_clear(&hi);
+	argv_array_clear(&env);
 	logerror("Protocol error: '%s'", line);
 	return -1;
 }
@@ -803,17 +887,16 @@ static void check_dead_children(void)
 			/* remove the child */
 			*cradle = blanket->next;
 			live_children--;
+			child_process_clear(&blanket->cld);
 			free(blanket);
 		} else
 			cradle = &blanket->next;
 }
 
-static char **cld_argv;
+static struct argv_array cld_argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 static void handle(int incoming, struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen)
 {
 	struct child_process cld = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-	char addrbuf[300] = "REMOTE_ADDR=", portbuf[300];
-	char *env[] = { addrbuf, portbuf, NULL };
 
 	if (max_connections && live_children >= max_connections) {
 		kill_some_child();
@@ -827,28 +910,24 @@ static void handle(int incoming, struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen)
 	}
 
 	if (addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
+		char buf[128] = "";
 		struct sockaddr_in *sin_addr = (void *) addr;
-		inet_ntop(addr->sa_family, &sin_addr->sin_addr, addrbuf + 12,
-		    sizeof(addrbuf) - 12);
-		snprintf(portbuf, sizeof(portbuf), "REMOTE_PORT=%d",
-		    ntohs(sin_addr->sin_port));
+		inet_ntop(addr->sa_family, &sin_addr->sin_addr, buf, sizeof(buf));
+		argv_array_pushf(&cld.env_array, "REMOTE_ADDR=%s", buf);
+		argv_array_pushf(&cld.env_array, "REMOTE_PORT=%d",
+				 ntohs(sin_addr->sin_port));
 #ifndef NO_IPV6
 	} else if (addr->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
+		char buf[128] = "";
 		struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6_addr = (void *) addr;
-
-		char *buf = addrbuf + 12;
-		*buf++ = '['; *buf = '\0'; /* stpcpy() is cool */
-		inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &sin6_addr->sin6_addr, buf,
-		    sizeof(addrbuf) - 13);
-		strcat(buf, "]");
-
-		snprintf(portbuf, sizeof(portbuf), "REMOTE_PORT=%d",
-		    ntohs(sin6_addr->sin6_port));
+		inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &sin6_addr->sin6_addr, buf, sizeof(buf));
+		argv_array_pushf(&cld.env_array, "REMOTE_ADDR=[%s]", buf);
+		argv_array_pushf(&cld.env_array, "REMOTE_PORT=%d",
+				 ntohs(sin6_addr->sin6_port));
 #endif
 	}
 
-	cld.env = (const char **)env;
-	cld.argv = (const char **)cld_argv;
+	cld.argv = cld_argv.argv;
 	cld.in = incoming;
 	cld.out = dup(incoming);
 
@@ -902,7 +981,7 @@ static const char *ip2str(int family, struct sockaddr *sin, socklen_t len)
 		inet_ntop(family, &((struct sockaddr_in*)sin)->sin_addr, ip, len);
 		break;
 	default:
-		strcpy(ip, "<unknown>");
+		xsnprintf(ip, sizeof(ip), "<unknown>");
 	}
 	return ip;
 }
@@ -917,7 +996,7 @@ static int setup_named_sock(char *listen_addr, int listen_port, struct socketlis
 	int gai;
 	long flags;
 
-	sprintf(pbuf, "%d", listen_port);
+	xsnprintf(pbuf, sizeof(pbuf), "%d", listen_port);
 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
 	hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
 	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
@@ -957,6 +1036,8 @@ static int setup_named_sock(char *listen_addr, int listen_port, struct socketlis
 			continue;
 		}
 
+		set_keep_alive(sockfd);
+
 		if (bind(sockfd, ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen) < 0) {
 			logerror("Could not bind to %s: %s",
 				 ip2str(ai->ai_family, ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen),
@@ -1016,6 +1097,8 @@ static int setup_named_sock(char *listen_addr, int listen_port, struct socketlis
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	set_keep_alive(sockfd);
+
 	if ( bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&sin, sizeof sin) < 0 ) {
 		logerror("Could not bind to %s: %s",
 			 ip2str(AF_INET, (struct sockaddr *)&sin, sizeof(sin)),
@@ -1167,15 +1250,6 @@ static struct credentials *prepare_credentials(const char *user_name,
 }
 #endif
 
-static void store_pid(const char *path)
-{
-	FILE *f = fopen(path, "w");
-	if (!f)
-		die_errno("cannot open pid file '%s'", path);
-	if (fprintf(f, "%"PRIuMAX"\n", (uintmax_t) getpid()) < 0 || fclose(f) != 0)
-		die_errno("failed to write pid file '%s'", path);
-}
-
 static int serve(struct string_list *listen_addr, int listen_port,
     struct credentials *cred)
 {
@@ -1193,7 +1267,7 @@ static int serve(struct string_list *listen_addr, int listen_port,
 	return service_loop(&socklist);
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	int listen_port = 0;
 	struct string_list listen_addr = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
@@ -1203,12 +1277,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	struct credentials *cred = NULL;
 	int i;
 
-	git_setup_gettext();
-
-	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
-
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		char *arg = argv[i];
+		const char *arg = argv[i];
 		const char *v;
 
 		if (skip_prefix(arg, "--listen=", &v)) {
@@ -1230,7 +1300,6 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--inetd")) {
 			inetd_mode = 1;
-			log_syslog = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--verbose")) {
@@ -1238,9 +1307,22 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--syslog")) {
-			log_syslog = 1;
+			log_destination = LOG_DESTINATION_SYSLOG;
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (skip_prefix(arg, "--log-destination=", &v)) {
+			if (!strcmp(v, "syslog")) {
+				log_destination = LOG_DESTINATION_SYSLOG;
+				continue;
+			} else if (!strcmp(v, "stderr")) {
+				log_destination = LOG_DESTINATION_STDERR;
+				continue;
+			} else if (!strcmp(v, "none")) {
+				log_destination = LOG_DESTINATION_NONE;
+				continue;
+			} else
+				die("unknown log destination '%s'", v);
+		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--export-all")) {
 			export_all_trees = 1;
 			continue;
@@ -1297,7 +1379,6 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--detach")) {
 			detach = 1;
-			log_syslog = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (skip_prefix(arg, "--user=", &v)) {
@@ -1343,7 +1424,14 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		usage(daemon_usage);
 	}
 
-	if (log_syslog) {
+	if (log_destination == LOG_DESTINATION_UNSET) {
+		if (inetd_mode || detach)
+			log_destination = LOG_DESTINATION_SYSLOG;
+		else
+			log_destination = LOG_DESTINATION_STDERR;
+	}
+
+	if (log_destination == LOG_DESTINATION_SYSLOG) {
 		openlog("git-daemon", LOG_PID, LOG_DAEMON);
 		set_die_routine(daemon_die);
 	} else
@@ -1371,7 +1459,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		die("base-path '%s' does not exist or is not a directory",
 		    base_path);
 
-	if (inetd_mode) {
+	if (log_destination != LOG_DESTINATION_STDERR) {
 		if (!freopen("/dev/null", "w", stderr))
 			die_errno("failed to redirect stderr to /dev/null");
 	}
@@ -1382,19 +1470,16 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	if (detach) {
 		if (daemonize())
 			die("--detach not supported on this platform");
-	} else
-		sanitize_stdfds();
+	}
 
 	if (pid_file)
-		store_pid(pid_file);
+		write_file(pid_file, "%"PRIuMAX, (uintmax_t) getpid());
 
 	/* prepare argv for serving-processes */
-	cld_argv = xmalloc(sizeof (char *) * (argc + 2));
-	cld_argv[0] = argv[0];	/* git-daemon */
-	cld_argv[1] = "--serve";
+	argv_array_push(&cld_argv, argv[0]); /* git-daemon */
+	argv_array_push(&cld_argv, "--serve");
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
-		cld_argv[i+1] = argv[i];
-	cld_argv[argc+1] = NULL;
+		argv_array_push(&cld_argv, argv[i]);
 
 	return serve(&listen_addr, listen_port, cred);
 }
diff --git a/date.c b/date.c
index 3eba2dfe88..49f943e25b 100644
--- a/date.c
+++ b/date.c
@@ -39,14 +39,24 @@ static const char *weekday_names[] = {
 	"Sundays", "Mondays", "Tuesdays", "Wednesdays", "Thursdays", "Fridays", "Saturdays"
 };
 
-static time_t gm_time_t(unsigned long time, int tz)
+static time_t gm_time_t(timestamp_t time, int tz)
 {
 	int minutes;
 
 	minutes = tz < 0 ? -tz : tz;
 	minutes = (minutes / 100)*60 + (minutes % 100);
 	minutes = tz < 0 ? -minutes : minutes;
-	return time + minutes * 60;
+
+	if (minutes > 0) {
+		if (unsigned_add_overflows(time, minutes * 60))
+			die("Timestamp+tz too large: %"PRItime" +%04d",
+			    time, tz);
+	} else if (time < -minutes * 60)
+		die("Timestamp before Unix epoch: %"PRItime" %04d", time, tz);
+	time += minutes * 60;
+	if (date_overflows(time))
+		die("Timestamp too large for this system: %"PRItime, time);
+	return (time_t)time;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -54,26 +64,37 @@ static time_t gm_time_t(unsigned long time, int tz)
  * thing, which means that tz -0100 is passed in as the integer -100,
  * even though it means "sixty minutes off"
  */
-static struct tm *time_to_tm(unsigned long time, int tz)
+static struct tm *time_to_tm(timestamp_t time, int tz)
 {
 	time_t t = gm_time_t(time, tz);
 	return gmtime(&t);
 }
 
+static struct tm *time_to_tm_local(timestamp_t time)
+{
+	time_t t = time;
+	return localtime(&t);
+}
+
 /*
  * What value of "tz" was in effect back then at "time" in the
  * local timezone?
  */
-static int local_tzoffset(unsigned long time)
+static int local_tzoffset(timestamp_t time)
 {
 	time_t t, t_local;
 	struct tm tm;
 	int offset, eastwest;
 
-	t = time;
+	if (date_overflows(time))
+		die("Timestamp too large for this system: %"PRItime, time);
+
+	t = (time_t)time;
 	localtime_r(&t, &tm);
 	t_local = tm_to_time_t(&tm);
 
+	if (t_local == -1)
+		return 0; /* error; just use +0000 */
 	if (t_local < t) {
 		eastwest = -1;
 		offset = t - t_local;
@@ -86,11 +107,11 @@ static int local_tzoffset(unsigned long time)
 	return offset * eastwest;
 }
 
-void show_date_relative(unsigned long time, int tz,
+void show_date_relative(timestamp_t time, int tz,
 			       const struct timeval *now,
 			       struct strbuf *timebuf)
 {
-	unsigned long diff;
+	timestamp_t diff;
 	if (now->tv_sec < time) {
 		strbuf_addstr(timebuf, _("in the future"));
 		return;
@@ -98,80 +119,99 @@ void show_date_relative(unsigned long time, int tz,
 	diff = now->tv_sec - time;
 	if (diff < 90) {
 		strbuf_addf(timebuf,
-			 Q_("%lu second ago", "%lu seconds ago", diff), diff);
+			 Q_("%"PRItime" second ago", "%"PRItime" seconds ago", diff), diff);
 		return;
 	}
 	/* Turn it into minutes */
 	diff = (diff + 30) / 60;
 	if (diff < 90) {
 		strbuf_addf(timebuf,
-			 Q_("%lu minute ago", "%lu minutes ago", diff), diff);
+			 Q_("%"PRItime" minute ago", "%"PRItime" minutes ago", diff), diff);
 		return;
 	}
 	/* Turn it into hours */
 	diff = (diff + 30) / 60;
 	if (diff < 36) {
 		strbuf_addf(timebuf,
-			 Q_("%lu hour ago", "%lu hours ago", diff), diff);
+			 Q_("%"PRItime" hour ago", "%"PRItime" hours ago", diff), diff);
 		return;
 	}
 	/* We deal with number of days from here on */
 	diff = (diff + 12) / 24;
 	if (diff < 14) {
 		strbuf_addf(timebuf,
-			 Q_("%lu day ago", "%lu days ago", diff), diff);
+			 Q_("%"PRItime" day ago", "%"PRItime" days ago", diff), diff);
 		return;
 	}
 	/* Say weeks for the past 10 weeks or so */
 	if (diff < 70) {
 		strbuf_addf(timebuf,
-			 Q_("%lu week ago", "%lu weeks ago", (diff + 3) / 7),
+			 Q_("%"PRItime" week ago", "%"PRItime" weeks ago", (diff + 3) / 7),
 			 (diff + 3) / 7);
 		return;
 	}
 	/* Say months for the past 12 months or so */
 	if (diff < 365) {
 		strbuf_addf(timebuf,
-			 Q_("%lu month ago", "%lu months ago", (diff + 15) / 30),
+			 Q_("%"PRItime" month ago", "%"PRItime" months ago", (diff + 15) / 30),
 			 (diff + 15) / 30);
 		return;
 	}
 	/* Give years and months for 5 years or so */
 	if (diff < 1825) {
-		unsigned long totalmonths = (diff * 12 * 2 + 365) / (365 * 2);
-		unsigned long years = totalmonths / 12;
-		unsigned long months = totalmonths % 12;
+		timestamp_t totalmonths = (diff * 12 * 2 + 365) / (365 * 2);
+		timestamp_t years = totalmonths / 12;
+		timestamp_t months = totalmonths % 12;
 		if (months) {
 			struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-			strbuf_addf(&sb, Q_("%lu year", "%lu years", years), years);
+			strbuf_addf(&sb, Q_("%"PRItime" year", "%"PRItime" years", years), years);
 			strbuf_addf(timebuf,
 				 /* TRANSLATORS: "%s" is "<n> years" */
-				 Q_("%s, %lu month ago", "%s, %lu months ago", months),
+				 Q_("%s, %"PRItime" month ago", "%s, %"PRItime" months ago", months),
 				 sb.buf, months);
 			strbuf_release(&sb);
 		} else
 			strbuf_addf(timebuf,
-				 Q_("%lu year ago", "%lu years ago", years), years);
+				 Q_("%"PRItime" year ago", "%"PRItime" years ago", years), years);
 		return;
 	}
 	/* Otherwise, just years. Centuries is probably overkill. */
 	strbuf_addf(timebuf,
-		 Q_("%lu year ago", "%lu years ago", (diff + 183) / 365),
+		 Q_("%"PRItime" year ago", "%"PRItime" years ago", (diff + 183) / 365),
 		 (diff + 183) / 365);
 }
 
-const char *show_date(unsigned long time, int tz, enum date_mode mode)
+struct date_mode *date_mode_from_type(enum date_mode_type type)
+{
+	static struct date_mode mode;
+	if (type == DATE_STRFTIME)
+		BUG("cannot create anonymous strftime date_mode struct");
+	mode.type = type;
+	mode.local = 0;
+	return &mode;
+}
+
+const char *show_date(timestamp_t time, int tz, const struct date_mode *mode)
 {
 	struct tm *tm;
 	static struct strbuf timebuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	if (mode == DATE_RAW) {
+	if (mode->type == DATE_UNIX) {
+		strbuf_reset(&timebuf);
+		strbuf_addf(&timebuf, "%"PRItime, time);
+		return timebuf.buf;
+	}
+
+	if (mode->local)
+		tz = local_tzoffset(time);
+
+	if (mode->type == DATE_RAW) {
 		strbuf_reset(&timebuf);
-		strbuf_addf(&timebuf, "%lu %+05d", time, tz);
+		strbuf_addf(&timebuf, "%"PRItime" %+05d", time, tz);
 		return timebuf.buf;
 	}
 
-	if (mode == DATE_RELATIVE) {
+	if (mode->type == DATE_RELATIVE) {
 		struct timeval now;
 
 		strbuf_reset(&timebuf);
@@ -180,27 +220,27 @@ const char *show_date(unsigned long time, int tz, enum date_mode mode)
 		return timebuf.buf;
 	}
 
-	if (mode == DATE_LOCAL)
-		tz = local_tzoffset(time);
-
-	tm = time_to_tm(time, tz);
+	if (mode->local)
+		tm = time_to_tm_local(time);
+	else
+		tm = time_to_tm(time, tz);
 	if (!tm) {
 		tm = time_to_tm(0, 0);
 		tz = 0;
 	}
 
 	strbuf_reset(&timebuf);
-	if (mode == DATE_SHORT)
+	if (mode->type == DATE_SHORT)
 		strbuf_addf(&timebuf, "%04d-%02d-%02d", tm->tm_year + 1900,
 				tm->tm_mon + 1, tm->tm_mday);
-	else if (mode == DATE_ISO8601)
+	else if (mode->type == DATE_ISO8601)
 		strbuf_addf(&timebuf, "%04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d %+05d",
 				tm->tm_year + 1900,
 				tm->tm_mon + 1,
 				tm->tm_mday,
 				tm->tm_hour, tm->tm_min, tm->tm_sec,
 				tz);
-	else if (mode == DATE_ISO8601_STRICT) {
+	else if (mode->type == DATE_ISO8601_STRICT) {
 		char sign = (tz >= 0) ? '+' : '-';
 		tz = abs(tz);
 		strbuf_addf(&timebuf, "%04d-%02d-%02dT%02d:%02d:%02d%c%02d:%02d",
@@ -209,11 +249,14 @@ const char *show_date(unsigned long time, int tz, enum date_mode mode)
 				tm->tm_mday,
 				tm->tm_hour, tm->tm_min, tm->tm_sec,
 				sign, tz / 100, tz % 100);
-	} else if (mode == DATE_RFC2822)
+	} else if (mode->type == DATE_RFC2822)
 		strbuf_addf(&timebuf, "%.3s, %d %.3s %d %02d:%02d:%02d %+05d",
 			weekday_names[tm->tm_wday], tm->tm_mday,
 			month_names[tm->tm_mon], tm->tm_year + 1900,
 			tm->tm_hour, tm->tm_min, tm->tm_sec, tz);
+	else if (mode->type == DATE_STRFTIME)
+		strbuf_addftime(&timebuf, mode->strftime_fmt, tm, tz,
+				!mode->local);
 	else
 		strbuf_addf(&timebuf, "%.3s %.3s %d %02d:%02d:%02d %d%c%+05d",
 				weekday_names[tm->tm_wday],
@@ -221,7 +264,7 @@ const char *show_date(unsigned long time, int tz, enum date_mode mode)
 				tm->tm_mday,
 				tm->tm_hour, tm->tm_min, tm->tm_sec,
 				tm->tm_year + 1900,
-				(mode == DATE_LOCAL) ? 0 : ' ',
+				mode->local ? 0 : ' ',
 				tz);
 	return timebuf.buf;
 }
@@ -405,7 +448,7 @@ static int is_date(int year, int month, int day, struct tm *now_tm, time_t now,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int match_multi_number(unsigned long num, char c, const char *date,
+static int match_multi_number(timestamp_t num, char c, const char *date,
 			      char *end, struct tm *tm, time_t now)
 {
 	struct tm now_tm;
@@ -488,9 +531,9 @@ static int match_digit(const char *date, struct tm *tm, int *offset, int *tm_gmt
 {
 	int n;
 	char *end;
-	unsigned long num;
+	timestamp_t num;
 
-	num = strtoul(date, &end, 10);
+	num = parse_timestamp(date, &end, 10);
 
 	/*
 	 * Seconds since 1970? We trigger on that for any numbers with
@@ -615,7 +658,7 @@ static int match_tz(const char *date, int *offp)
 	return end - date;
 }
 
-static void date_string(unsigned long date, int offset, struct strbuf *buf)
+static void date_string(timestamp_t date, int offset, struct strbuf *buf)
 {
 	int sign = '+';
 
@@ -623,23 +666,23 @@ static void date_string(unsigned long date, int offset, struct strbuf *buf)
 		offset = -offset;
 		sign = '-';
 	}
-	strbuf_addf(buf, "%lu %c%02d%02d", date, sign, offset / 60, offset % 60);
+	strbuf_addf(buf, "%"PRItime" %c%02d%02d", date, sign, offset / 60, offset % 60);
 }
 
 /*
  * Parse a string like "0 +0000" as ancient timestamp near epoch, but
  * only when it appears not as part of any other string.
  */
-static int match_object_header_date(const char *date, unsigned long *timestamp, int *offset)
+static int match_object_header_date(const char *date, timestamp_t *timestamp, int *offset)
 {
 	char *end;
-	unsigned long stamp;
+	timestamp_t stamp;
 	int ofs;
 
 	if (*date < '0' || '9' < *date)
 		return -1;
-	stamp = strtoul(date, &end, 10);
-	if (*end != ' ' || stamp == ULONG_MAX || (end[1] != '+' && end[1] != '-'))
+	stamp = parse_timestamp(date, &end, 10);
+	if (*end != ' ' || stamp == TIME_MAX || (end[1] != '+' && end[1] != '-'))
 		return -1;
 	date = end + 2;
 	ofs = strtol(date, &end, 10);
@@ -655,11 +698,11 @@ static int match_object_header_date(const char *date, unsigned long *timestamp,
 
 /* Gr. strptime is crap for this; it doesn't have a way to require RFC2822
    (i.e. English) day/month names, and it doesn't work correctly with %z. */
-int parse_date_basic(const char *date, unsigned long *timestamp, int *offset)
+int parse_date_basic(const char *date, timestamp_t *timestamp, int *offset)
 {
 	struct tm tm;
 	int tm_gmt;
-	unsigned long dummy_timestamp;
+	timestamp_t dummy_timestamp;
 	int dummy_offset;
 
 	if (!timestamp)
@@ -704,10 +747,17 @@ int parse_date_basic(const char *date, unsigned long *timestamp, int *offset)
 		date += match;
 	}
 
-	/* mktime uses local timezone */
+	/* do not use mktime(), which uses local timezone, here */
 	*timestamp = tm_to_time_t(&tm);
+	if (*timestamp == -1)
+		return -1;
+
 	if (*offset == -1) {
-		time_t temp_time = mktime(&tm);
+		time_t temp_time;
+
+		/* gmtime_r() in match_digit() may have clobbered it */
+		tm.tm_isdst = -1;
+		temp_time = mktime(&tm);
 		if ((time_t)*timestamp > temp_time) {
 			*offset = ((time_t)*timestamp - temp_time) / 60;
 		} else {
@@ -715,15 +765,12 @@ int parse_date_basic(const char *date, unsigned long *timestamp, int *offset)
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (*timestamp == -1)
-		return -1;
-
 	if (!tm_gmt)
 		*timestamp -= *offset * 60;
 	return 0; /* success */
 }
 
-int parse_expiry_date(const char *date, unsigned long *timestamp)
+int parse_expiry_date(const char *date, timestamp_t *timestamp)
 {
 	int errors = 0;
 
@@ -738,7 +785,7 @@ int parse_expiry_date(const char *date, unsigned long *timestamp)
 		 * of the past, and there is nothing from the future
 		 * to be kept.
 		 */
-		*timestamp = ULONG_MAX;
+		*timestamp = TIME_MAX;
 	else
 		*timestamp = approxidate_careful(date, &errors);
 
@@ -747,7 +794,7 @@ int parse_expiry_date(const char *date, unsigned long *timestamp)
 
 int parse_date(const char *date, struct strbuf *result)
 {
-	unsigned long timestamp;
+	timestamp_t timestamp;
 	int offset;
 	if (parse_date_basic(date, &timestamp, &offset))
 		return -1;
@@ -755,28 +802,52 @@ int parse_date(const char *date, struct strbuf *result)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-enum date_mode parse_date_format(const char *format)
+static enum date_mode_type parse_date_type(const char *format, const char **end)
 {
-	if (!strcmp(format, "relative"))
+	if (skip_prefix(format, "relative", end))
 		return DATE_RELATIVE;
-	else if (!strcmp(format, "iso8601") ||
-		 !strcmp(format, "iso"))
-		return DATE_ISO8601;
-	else if (!strcmp(format, "iso8601-strict") ||
-		 !strcmp(format, "iso-strict"))
+	if (skip_prefix(format, "iso8601-strict", end) ||
+	    skip_prefix(format, "iso-strict", end))
 		return DATE_ISO8601_STRICT;
-	else if (!strcmp(format, "rfc2822") ||
-		 !strcmp(format, "rfc"))
+	if (skip_prefix(format, "iso8601", end) ||
+	    skip_prefix(format, "iso", end))
+		return DATE_ISO8601;
+	if (skip_prefix(format, "rfc2822", end) ||
+	    skip_prefix(format, "rfc", end))
 		return DATE_RFC2822;
-	else if (!strcmp(format, "short"))
+	if (skip_prefix(format, "short", end))
 		return DATE_SHORT;
-	else if (!strcmp(format, "local"))
-		return DATE_LOCAL;
-	else if (!strcmp(format, "default"))
+	if (skip_prefix(format, "default", end))
 		return DATE_NORMAL;
-	else if (!strcmp(format, "raw"))
+	if (skip_prefix(format, "raw", end))
 		return DATE_RAW;
-	else
+	if (skip_prefix(format, "unix", end))
+		return DATE_UNIX;
+	if (skip_prefix(format, "format", end))
+		return DATE_STRFTIME;
+
+	die("unknown date format %s", format);
+}
+
+void parse_date_format(const char *format, struct date_mode *mode)
+{
+	const char *p;
+
+	/* historical alias */
+	if (!strcmp(format, "local"))
+		format = "default-local";
+
+	mode->type = parse_date_type(format, &p);
+	mode->local = 0;
+
+	if (skip_prefix(p, "-local", &p))
+		mode->local = 1;
+
+	if (mode->type == DATE_STRFTIME) {
+		if (!skip_prefix(p, ":", &p))
+			die("date format missing colon separator: %s", format);
+		mode->strftime_fmt = xstrdup(p);
+	} else if (*p)
 		die("unknown date format %s", format);
 }
 
@@ -797,7 +868,7 @@ void datestamp(struct strbuf *out)
  * Relative time update (eg "2 days ago").  If we haven't set the time
  * yet, we need to set it from current time.
  */
-static unsigned long update_tm(struct tm *tm, struct tm *now, unsigned long sec)
+static time_t update_tm(struct tm *tm, struct tm *now, time_t sec)
 {
 	time_t n;
 
@@ -1018,7 +1089,7 @@ static const char *approxidate_digit(const char *date, struct tm *tm, int *num,
 				     time_t now)
 {
 	char *end;
-	unsigned long number = strtoul(date, &end, 10);
+	timestamp_t number = parse_timestamp(date, &end, 10);
 
 	switch (*end) {
 	case ':':
@@ -1066,9 +1137,9 @@ static void pending_number(struct tm *tm, int *num)
 	}
 }
 
-static unsigned long approxidate_str(const char *date,
-				     const struct timeval *tv,
-				     int *error_ret)
+static timestamp_t approxidate_str(const char *date,
+				   const struct timeval *tv,
+				   int *error_ret)
 {
 	int number = 0;
 	int touched = 0;
@@ -1100,12 +1171,12 @@ static unsigned long approxidate_str(const char *date,
 	pending_number(&tm, &number);
 	if (!touched)
 		*error_ret = 1;
-	return update_tm(&tm, &now, 0);
+	return (timestamp_t)update_tm(&tm, &now, 0);
 }
 
-unsigned long approxidate_relative(const char *date, const struct timeval *tv)
+timestamp_t approxidate_relative(const char *date, const struct timeval *tv)
 {
-	unsigned long timestamp;
+	timestamp_t timestamp;
 	int offset;
 	int errors = 0;
 
@@ -1114,10 +1185,10 @@ unsigned long approxidate_relative(const char *date, const struct timeval *tv)
 	return approxidate_str(date, tv, &errors);
 }
 
-unsigned long approxidate_careful(const char *date, int *error_ret)
+timestamp_t approxidate_careful(const char *date, int *error_ret)
 {
 	struct timeval tv;
-	unsigned long timestamp;
+	timestamp_t timestamp;
 	int offset;
 	int dummy = 0;
 	if (!error_ret)
@@ -1132,12 +1203,12 @@ unsigned long approxidate_careful(const char *date, int *error_ret)
 	return approxidate_str(date, &tv, error_ret);
 }
 
-int date_overflows(unsigned long t)
+int date_overflows(timestamp_t t)
 {
 	time_t sys;
 
-	/* If we overflowed our unsigned long, that's bad... */
-	if (t == ULONG_MAX)
+	/* If we overflowed our timestamp data type, that's bad... */
+	if ((uintmax_t)t >= TIME_MAX)
 		return 1;
 
 	/*
diff --git a/decorate.c b/decorate.c
index b2aac90c26..de31331fa4 100644
--- a/decorate.c
+++ b/decorate.c
@@ -8,26 +8,26 @@
 
 static unsigned int hash_obj(const struct object *obj, unsigned int n)
 {
-	return sha1hash(obj->sha1) % n;
+	return sha1hash(obj->oid.hash) % n;
 }
 
 static void *insert_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *base, void *decoration)
 {
 	int size = n->size;
-	struct object_decoration *hash = n->hash;
+	struct decoration_entry *entries = n->entries;
 	unsigned int j = hash_obj(base, size);
 
-	while (hash[j].base) {
-		if (hash[j].base == base) {
-			void *old = hash[j].decoration;
-			hash[j].decoration = decoration;
+	while (entries[j].base) {
+		if (entries[j].base == base) {
+			void *old = entries[j].decoration;
+			entries[j].decoration = decoration;
 			return old;
 		}
 		if (++j >= size)
 			j = 0;
 	}
-	hash[j].base = base;
-	hash[j].decoration = decoration;
+	entries[j].base = base;
+	entries[j].decoration = decoration;
 	n->nr++;
 	return NULL;
 }
@@ -36,24 +36,23 @@ static void grow_decoration(struct decoration *n)
 {
 	int i;
 	int old_size = n->size;
-	struct object_decoration *old_hash = n->hash;
+	struct decoration_entry *old_entries = n->entries;
 
 	n->size = (old_size + 1000) * 3 / 2;
-	n->hash = xcalloc(n->size, sizeof(struct object_decoration));
+	n->entries = xcalloc(n->size, sizeof(struct decoration_entry));
 	n->nr = 0;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < old_size; i++) {
-		const struct object *base = old_hash[i].base;
-		void *decoration = old_hash[i].decoration;
+		const struct object *base = old_entries[i].base;
+		void *decoration = old_entries[i].decoration;
 
 		if (!decoration)
 			continue;
 		insert_decoration(n, base, decoration);
 	}
-	free(old_hash);
+	free(old_entries);
 }
 
-/* Add a decoration pointer, return any old one */
 void *add_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *obj,
 		void *decoration)
 {
@@ -64,7 +63,6 @@ void *add_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *obj,
 	return insert_decoration(n, obj, decoration);
 }
 
-/* Lookup a decoration pointer */
 void *lookup_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *obj)
 {
 	unsigned int j;
@@ -74,7 +72,7 @@ void *lookup_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *obj)
 		return NULL;
 	j = hash_obj(obj, n->size);
 	for (;;) {
-		struct object_decoration *ref = n->hash + j;
+		struct decoration_entry *ref = n->entries + j;
 		if (ref->base == obj)
 			return ref->decoration;
 		if (!ref->base)
diff --git a/decorate.h b/decorate.h
index e7328044ff..9014c1e996 100644
--- a/decorate.h
+++ b/decorate.h
@@ -1,18 +1,61 @@
 #ifndef DECORATE_H
 #define DECORATE_H
 
-struct object_decoration {
+/*
+ * A data structure that associates Git objects to void pointers. See
+ * t/helper/test-example-decorate.c for a demonstration of how to use these
+ * functions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * An entry in the data structure.
+ */
+struct decoration_entry {
 	const struct object *base;
 	void *decoration;
 };
 
+/*
+ * The data structure.
+ *
+ * This data structure must be zero-initialized.
+ */
 struct decoration {
+	/*
+	 * Not used by the decoration mechanism. Clients may use this for
+	 * whatever they want.
+	 */
 	const char *name;
-	unsigned int size, nr;
-	struct object_decoration *hash;
+
+	/*
+	 * The capacity of "entries".
+	 */
+	unsigned int size;
+
+	/*
+	 * The number of real Git objects (that is, entries with non-NULL
+	 * "base").
+	 */
+	unsigned int nr;
+
+	/*
+	 * The entries. This is an array of size "size", containing nr entries
+	 * with non-NULL "base" and (size - nr) entries with NULL "base".
+	 */
+	struct decoration_entry *entries;
 };
 
+/*
+ * Add an association from the given object to the given pointer (which may be
+ * NULL), returning the previously associated pointer. If there is no previous
+ * association, this function returns NULL.
+ */
 extern void *add_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *obj, void *decoration);
+
+/*
+ * Return the pointer associated to the given object. If there is no
+ * association, this function returns NULL.
+ */
 extern void *lookup_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *obj);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/detect-compiler b/detect-compiler
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..70b754481c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/detect-compiler
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Probe the compiler for vintage, version, etc. This is used for setting
+# optional make knobs under the DEVELOPER knob.
+
+CC="$*"
+
+# we get something like (this is at least true for gcc and clang)
+#
+# FreeBSD clang version 3.4.1 (tags/RELEASE...)
+get_version_line() {
+	$CC -v 2>&1 | grep ' version '
+}
+
+get_family() {
+	get_version_line | sed 's/^\(.*\) version [0-9][^ ]* .*/\1/'
+}
+
+get_version() {
+	get_version_line | sed 's/^.* version \([0-9][^ ]*\) .*/\1/'
+}
+
+print_flags() {
+	family=$1
+	version=$(get_version | cut -f 1 -d .)
+
+	# Print a feature flag not only for the current version, but also
+	# for any prior versions we encompass. This avoids needing to do
+	# numeric comparisons in make, which are awkward.
+	while test "$version" -gt 0
+	do
+		echo $family$version
+		version=$((version - 1))
+	done
+}
+
+case "$(get_family)" in
+gcc)
+	print_flags gcc
+	;;
+clang)
+	print_flags clang
+	;;
+"FreeBSD clang")
+	print_flags clang
+	;;
+"Apple LLVM")
+	print_flags clang
+	;;
+*)
+	: unknown compiler family
+	;;
+esac
diff --git a/diff-delta.c b/diff-delta.c
index 3797ce6041..e49643353b 100644
--- a/diff-delta.c
+++ b/diff-delta.c
@@ -319,7 +319,9 @@ create_delta(const struct delta_index *index,
 	     const void *trg_buf, unsigned long trg_size,
 	     unsigned long *delta_size, unsigned long max_size)
 {
-	unsigned int i, outpos, outsize, moff, msize, val;
+	unsigned int i, val;
+	off_t outpos, moff;
+	size_t l, outsize, msize;
 	int inscnt;
 	const unsigned char *ref_data, *ref_top, *data, *top;
 	unsigned char *out;
@@ -336,20 +338,20 @@ create_delta(const struct delta_index *index,
 		return NULL;
 
 	/* store reference buffer size */
-	i = index->src_size;
-	while (i >= 0x80) {
-		out[outpos++] = i | 0x80;
-		i >>= 7;
+	l = index->src_size;
+	while (l >= 0x80) {
+		out[outpos++] = l | 0x80;
+		l >>= 7;
 	}
-	out[outpos++] = i;
+	out[outpos++] = l;
 
 	/* store target buffer size */
-	i = trg_size;
-	while (i >= 0x80) {
-		out[outpos++] = i | 0x80;
-		i >>= 7;
+	l = trg_size;
+	while (l >= 0x80) {
+		out[outpos++] = l | 0x80;
+		l >>= 7;
 	}
-	out[outpos++] = i;
+	out[outpos++] = l;
 
 	ref_data = index->src_buf;
 	ref_top = ref_data + index->src_size;
@@ -452,6 +454,9 @@ create_delta(const struct delta_index *index,
 			moff += msize;
 			msize = left;
 
+			if (moff > 0xffffffff)
+				msize = 0;
+
 			if (msize < 4096) {
 				int j;
 				val = 0;
diff --git a/diff-lib.c b/diff-lib.c
index a85c4971ac..88a98b1c06 100644
--- a/diff-lib.c
+++ b/diff-lib.c
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "fsmonitor.h"
 
 /*
  * diff-files
@@ -29,14 +30,14 @@
 static int check_removed(const struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 {
 	if (lstat(ce->name, st) < 0) {
-		if (errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR)
+		if (!is_missing_file_error(errno))
 			return -1;
 		return 1;
 	}
 	if (has_symlink_leading_path(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce)))
 		return 1;
 	if (S_ISDIR(st->st_mode)) {
-		unsigned char sub[20];
+		struct object_id sub;
 
 		/*
 		 * If ce is already a gitlink, we can have a plain
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ static int check_removed(const struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 		 * a directory --- the blob was removed!
 		 */
 		if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) &&
-		    resolve_gitlink_ref(ce->name, "HEAD", sub))
+		    resolve_gitlink_ref(ce->name, "HEAD", &sub))
 			return 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -71,14 +72,15 @@ static int match_stat_with_submodule(struct diff_options *diffopt,
 {
 	int changed = ce_match_stat(ce, st, ce_option);
 	if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
-		unsigned orig_flags = diffopt->flags;
-		if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(diffopt, OVERRIDE_SUBMODULE_CONFIG))
+		struct diff_flags orig_flags = diffopt->flags;
+		if (!diffopt->flags.override_submodule_config)
 			set_diffopt_flags_from_submodule_config(diffopt, ce->name);
-		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(diffopt, IGNORE_SUBMODULES))
+		if (diffopt->flags.ignore_submodules)
 			changed = 0;
-		else if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(diffopt, IGNORE_DIRTY_SUBMODULES)
-		    && (!changed || DIFF_OPT_TST(diffopt, DIRTY_SUBMODULES)))
-			*dirty_submodule = is_submodule_modified(ce->name, DIFF_OPT_TST(diffopt, IGNORE_UNTRACKED_IN_SUBMODULES));
+		else if (!diffopt->flags.ignore_dirty_submodules &&
+			 (!changed || diffopt->flags.dirty_submodules))
+			*dirty_submodule = is_submodule_modified(ce->name,
+								 diffopt->flags.ignore_untracked_in_submodules);
 		diffopt->flags = orig_flags;
 	}
 	return changed;
@@ -90,6 +92,7 @@ int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned int option)
 	int diff_unmerged_stage = revs->max_count;
 	unsigned ce_option = ((option & DIFF_RACY_IS_MODIFIED)
 			      ? CE_MATCH_RACY_IS_DIRTY : 0);
+	uint64_t start = getnanotime();
 
 	diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(&revs->diffopt, "i/", "w/");
 
@@ -101,12 +104,12 @@ int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned int option)
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 		int changed;
 		unsigned dirty_submodule = 0;
-		const unsigned char *old_sha1, *new_sha1;
+		const struct object_id *old_oid, *new_oid;
 
 		if (diff_can_quit_early(&revs->diffopt))
 			break;
 
-		if (!ce_path_match(ce, &revs->prune_data, NULL))
+		if (!ce_path_match(&the_index, ce, &revs->prune_data, NULL))
 			continue;
 
 		if (ce_stage(ce)) {
@@ -125,7 +128,7 @@ int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned int option)
 			dpath->next = NULL;
 			memcpy(dpath->path, ce->name, path_len);
 			dpath->path[path_len] = '\0';
-			hashclr(dpath->sha1);
+			oidclr(&dpath->oid);
 			memset(&(dpath->parent[0]), 0,
 			       sizeof(struct combine_diff_parent)*5);
 
@@ -155,7 +158,8 @@ int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned int option)
 				if (2 <= stage) {
 					int mode = nce->ce_mode;
 					num_compare_stages++;
-					hashcpy(dpath->parent[stage-2].sha1, nce->sha1);
+					oidcpy(&dpath->parent[stage - 2].oid,
+					       &nce->oid);
 					dpath->parent[stage-2].mode = ce_mode_from_stat(nce, mode);
 					dpath->parent[stage-2].status =
 						DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED;
@@ -178,8 +182,7 @@ int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned int option)
 				free(dpath);
 				continue;
 			}
-			free(dpath);
-			dpath = NULL;
+			FREE_AND_NULL(dpath);
 
 			/*
 			 * Show the diff for the 'ce' if we found the one
@@ -209,7 +212,14 @@ int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned int option)
 					continue;
 				}
 				diff_addremove(&revs->diffopt, '-', ce->ce_mode,
-					       ce->sha1, !is_null_sha1(ce->sha1),
+					       &ce->oid,
+					       !is_null_oid(&ce->oid),
+					       ce->name, 0);
+				continue;
+			} else if (revs->diffopt.ita_invisible_in_index &&
+				   ce_intent_to_add(ce)) {
+				diff_addremove(&revs->diffopt, '+', ce->ce_mode,
+					       the_hash_algo->empty_tree, 0,
 					       ce->name, 0);
 				continue;
 			}
@@ -221,21 +231,23 @@ int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned int option)
 
 		if (!changed && !dirty_submodule) {
 			ce_mark_uptodate(ce);
-			if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, FIND_COPIES_HARDER))
+			mark_fsmonitor_valid(ce);
+			if (!revs->diffopt.flags.find_copies_harder)
 				continue;
 		}
 		oldmode = ce->ce_mode;
-		old_sha1 = ce->sha1;
-		new_sha1 = changed ? null_sha1 : ce->sha1;
+		old_oid = &ce->oid;
+		new_oid = changed ? &null_oid : &ce->oid;
 		diff_change(&revs->diffopt, oldmode, newmode,
-			    old_sha1, new_sha1,
-			    !is_null_sha1(old_sha1),
-			    !is_null_sha1(new_sha1),
+			    old_oid, new_oid,
+			    !is_null_oid(old_oid),
+			    !is_null_oid(new_oid),
 			    ce->name, 0, dirty_submodule);
 
 	}
 	diffcore_std(&revs->diffopt);
 	diff_flush(&revs->diffopt);
+	trace_performance_since(start, "diff-files");
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -247,21 +259,21 @@ int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned int option)
 static void diff_index_show_file(struct rev_info *revs,
 				 const char *prefix,
 				 const struct cache_entry *ce,
-				 const unsigned char *sha1, int sha1_valid,
+				 const struct object_id *oid, int oid_valid,
 				 unsigned int mode,
 				 unsigned dirty_submodule)
 {
 	diff_addremove(&revs->diffopt, prefix[0], mode,
-		       sha1, sha1_valid, ce->name, dirty_submodule);
+		       oid, oid_valid, ce->name, dirty_submodule);
 }
 
 static int get_stat_data(const struct cache_entry *ce,
-			 const unsigned char **sha1p,
+			 const struct object_id **oidp,
 			 unsigned int *modep,
 			 int cached, int match_missing,
 			 unsigned *dirty_submodule, struct diff_options *diffopt)
 {
-	const unsigned char *sha1 = ce->sha1;
+	const struct object_id *oid = &ce->oid;
 	unsigned int mode = ce->ce_mode;
 
 	if (!cached && !ce_uptodate(ce)) {
@@ -272,7 +284,7 @@ static int get_stat_data(const struct cache_entry *ce,
 			return -1;
 		else if (changed) {
 			if (match_missing) {
-				*sha1p = sha1;
+				*oidp = oid;
 				*modep = mode;
 				return 0;
 			}
@@ -282,20 +294,20 @@ static int get_stat_data(const struct cache_entry *ce,
 						    0, dirty_submodule);
 		if (changed) {
 			mode = ce_mode_from_stat(ce, st.st_mode);
-			sha1 = null_sha1;
+			oid = &null_oid;
 		}
 	}
 
-	*sha1p = sha1;
+	*oidp = oid;
 	*modep = mode;
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static void show_new_file(struct rev_info *revs,
-			  const struct cache_entry *new,
+			  const struct cache_entry *new_file,
 			  int cached, int match_missing)
 {
-	const unsigned char *sha1;
+	const struct object_id *oid;
 	unsigned int mode;
 	unsigned dirty_submodule = 0;
 
@@ -303,63 +315,64 @@ static void show_new_file(struct rev_info *revs,
 	 * New file in the index: it might actually be different in
 	 * the working tree.
 	 */
-	if (get_stat_data(new, &sha1, &mode, cached, match_missing,
+	if (get_stat_data(new_file, &oid, &mode, cached, match_missing,
 	    &dirty_submodule, &revs->diffopt) < 0)
 		return;
 
-	diff_index_show_file(revs, "+", new, sha1, !is_null_sha1(sha1), mode, dirty_submodule);
+	diff_index_show_file(revs, "+", new_file, oid, !is_null_oid(oid), mode, dirty_submodule);
 }
 
 static int show_modified(struct rev_info *revs,
-			 const struct cache_entry *old,
-			 const struct cache_entry *new,
+			 const struct cache_entry *old_entry,
+			 const struct cache_entry *new_entry,
 			 int report_missing,
 			 int cached, int match_missing)
 {
 	unsigned int mode, oldmode;
-	const unsigned char *sha1;
+	const struct object_id *oid;
 	unsigned dirty_submodule = 0;
 
-	if (get_stat_data(new, &sha1, &mode, cached, match_missing,
+	if (get_stat_data(new_entry, &oid, &mode, cached, match_missing,
 			  &dirty_submodule, &revs->diffopt) < 0) {
 		if (report_missing)
-			diff_index_show_file(revs, "-", old,
-					     old->sha1, 1, old->ce_mode, 0);
+			diff_index_show_file(revs, "-", old_entry,
+					     &old_entry->oid, 1, old_entry->ce_mode,
+					     0);
 		return -1;
 	}
 
 	if (revs->combine_merges && !cached &&
-	    (hashcmp(sha1, old->sha1) || hashcmp(old->sha1, new->sha1))) {
+	    (oidcmp(oid, &old_entry->oid) || oidcmp(&old_entry->oid, &new_entry->oid))) {
 		struct combine_diff_path *p;
-		int pathlen = ce_namelen(new);
+		int pathlen = ce_namelen(new_entry);
 
 		p = xmalloc(combine_diff_path_size(2, pathlen));
 		p->path = (char *) &p->parent[2];
 		p->next = NULL;
-		memcpy(p->path, new->name, pathlen);
+		memcpy(p->path, new_entry->name, pathlen);
 		p->path[pathlen] = 0;
 		p->mode = mode;
-		hashclr(p->sha1);
+		oidclr(&p->oid);
 		memset(p->parent, 0, 2 * sizeof(struct combine_diff_parent));
 		p->parent[0].status = DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED;
-		p->parent[0].mode = new->ce_mode;
-		hashcpy(p->parent[0].sha1, new->sha1);
+		p->parent[0].mode = new_entry->ce_mode;
+		oidcpy(&p->parent[0].oid, &new_entry->oid);
 		p->parent[1].status = DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED;
-		p->parent[1].mode = old->ce_mode;
-		hashcpy(p->parent[1].sha1, old->sha1);
+		p->parent[1].mode = old_entry->ce_mode;
+		oidcpy(&p->parent[1].oid, &old_entry->oid);
 		show_combined_diff(p, 2, revs->dense_combined_merges, revs);
 		free(p);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	oldmode = old->ce_mode;
-	if (mode == oldmode && !hashcmp(sha1, old->sha1) && !dirty_submodule &&
-	    !DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, FIND_COPIES_HARDER))
+	oldmode = old_entry->ce_mode;
+	if (mode == oldmode && !oidcmp(oid, &old_entry->oid) && !dirty_submodule &&
+	    !revs->diffopt.flags.find_copies_harder)
 		return 0;
 
 	diff_change(&revs->diffopt, oldmode, mode,
-		    old->sha1, sha1, 1, !is_null_sha1(sha1),
-		    old->name, 0, dirty_submodule);
+		    &old_entry->oid, oid, 1, !is_null_oid(oid),
+		    old_entry->name, 0, dirty_submodule);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -376,6 +389,18 @@ static void do_oneway_diff(struct unpack_trees_options *o,
 	struct rev_info *revs = o->unpack_data;
 	int match_missing, cached;
 
+	/*
+	 * i-t-a entries do not actually exist in the index (if we're
+	 * looking at its content)
+	 */
+	if (o->index_only &&
+	    revs->diffopt.ita_invisible_in_index &&
+	    idx && ce_intent_to_add(idx)) {
+		idx = NULL;
+		if (!tree)
+			return;	/* nothing to diff.. */
+	}
+
 	/* if the entry is not checked out, don't examine work tree */
 	cached = o->index_only ||
 		(idx && ((idx->ce_flags & CE_VALID) || ce_skip_worktree(idx)));
@@ -392,7 +417,8 @@ static void do_oneway_diff(struct unpack_trees_options *o,
 		struct diff_filepair *pair;
 		pair = diff_unmerge(&revs->diffopt, idx->name);
 		if (tree)
-			fill_filespec(pair->one, tree->sha1, 1, tree->ce_mode);
+			fill_filespec(pair->one, &tree->oid, 1,
+				      tree->ce_mode);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -408,7 +434,8 @@ static void do_oneway_diff(struct unpack_trees_options *o,
 	 * Something removed from the tree?
 	 */
 	if (!idx) {
-		diff_index_show_file(revs, "-", tree, tree->sha1, 1, tree->ce_mode, 0);
+		diff_index_show_file(revs, "-", tree, &tree->oid, 1,
+				     tree->ce_mode, 0);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -447,7 +474,7 @@ static int oneway_diff(const struct cache_entry * const *src,
 	if (tree == o->df_conflict_entry)
 		tree = NULL;
 
-	if (ce_path_match(idx ? idx : tree, &revs->prune_data, NULL)) {
+	if (ce_path_match(&the_index, idx ? idx : tree, &revs->prune_data, NULL)) {
 		do_oneway_diff(o, idx, tree);
 		if (diff_can_quit_early(&revs->diffopt)) {
 			o->exiting_early = 1;
@@ -459,7 +486,7 @@ static int oneway_diff(const struct cache_entry * const *src,
 }
 
 static int diff_cache(struct rev_info *revs,
-		      const unsigned char *tree_sha1,
+		      const struct object_id *tree_oid,
 		      const char *tree_name,
 		      int cached)
 {
@@ -467,15 +494,15 @@ static int diff_cache(struct rev_info *revs,
 	struct tree_desc t;
 	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
 
-	tree = parse_tree_indirect(tree_sha1);
+	tree = parse_tree_indirect(tree_oid);
 	if (!tree)
 		return error("bad tree object %s",
-			     tree_name ? tree_name : sha1_to_hex(tree_sha1));
+			     tree_name ? tree_name : oid_to_hex(tree_oid));
 	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 	opts.head_idx = 1;
 	opts.index_only = cached;
 	opts.diff_index_cached = (cached &&
-				  !DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, FIND_COPIES_HARDER));
+				  !revs->diffopt.flags.find_copies_harder);
 	opts.merge = 1;
 	opts.fn = oneway_diff;
 	opts.unpack_data = revs;
@@ -491,19 +518,24 @@ static int diff_cache(struct rev_info *revs,
 int run_diff_index(struct rev_info *revs, int cached)
 {
 	struct object_array_entry *ent;
+	uint64_t start = getnanotime();
+
+	if (revs->pending.nr != 1)
+		BUG("run_diff_index must be passed exactly one tree");
 
 	ent = revs->pending.objects;
-	if (diff_cache(revs, ent->item->sha1, ent->name, cached))
+	if (diff_cache(revs, &ent->item->oid, ent->name, cached))
 		exit(128);
 
 	diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(&revs->diffopt, "c/", cached ? "i/" : "w/");
 	diffcore_fix_diff_index(&revs->diffopt);
 	diffcore_std(&revs->diffopt);
 	diff_flush(&revs->diffopt);
+	trace_performance_since(start, "diff-index");
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int do_diff_cache(const unsigned char *tree_sha1, struct diff_options *opt)
+int do_diff_cache(const struct object_id *tree_oid, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
 	struct rev_info revs;
 
@@ -511,12 +543,13 @@ int do_diff_cache(const unsigned char *tree_sha1, struct diff_options *opt)
 	copy_pathspec(&revs.prune_data, &opt->pathspec);
 	revs.diffopt = *opt;
 
-	if (diff_cache(&revs, tree_sha1, NULL, 1))
+	if (diff_cache(&revs, tree_oid, NULL, 1))
 		exit(128);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int index_differs_from(const char *def, int diff_flags)
+int index_differs_from(const char *def, const struct diff_flags *flags,
+		       int ita_invisible_in_index)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	struct setup_revision_opt opt;
@@ -525,11 +558,12 @@ int index_differs_from(const char *def, int diff_flags)
 	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
 	opt.def = def;
 	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, &opt);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, QUICK);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS);
-	rev.diffopt.flags |= diff_flags;
+	rev.diffopt.flags.quick = 1;
+	rev.diffopt.flags.exit_with_status = 1;
+	if (flags)
+		diff_flags_or(&rev.diffopt.flags, flags);
+	rev.diffopt.ita_invisible_in_index = ita_invisible_in_index;
 	run_diff_index(&rev, 1);
-	if (rev.pending.alloc)
-		free(rev.pending.objects);
-	return (DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev.diffopt, HAS_CHANGES) != 0);
+	object_array_clear(&rev.pending);
+	return (rev.diffopt.flags.has_changes != 0);
 }
diff --git a/diff-no-index.c b/diff-no-index.c
index 265709ba8c..0ed5f0f496 100644
--- a/diff-no-index.c
+++ b/diff-no-index.c
@@ -65,8 +65,7 @@ static int populate_from_stdin(struct diff_filespec *s)
 	size_t size = 0;
 
 	if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 0) < 0)
-		return error("error while reading from stdin %s",
-				     strerror(errno));
+		return error_errno("error while reading from stdin");
 
 	s->should_munmap = 0;
 	s->data = strbuf_detach(&buf, &size);
@@ -83,7 +82,7 @@ static struct diff_filespec *noindex_filespec(const char *name, int mode)
 	if (!name)
 		name = "/dev/null";
 	s = alloc_filespec(name);
-	fill_filespec(s, null_sha1, 0, mode);
+	fill_filespec(s, &null_oid, 0, mode);
 	if (name == file_from_standard_input)
 		populate_from_stdin(s);
 	return s;
@@ -97,8 +96,27 @@ static int queue_diff(struct diff_options *o,
 	if (get_mode(name1, &mode1) || get_mode(name2, &mode2))
 		return -1;
 
-	if (mode1 && mode2 && S_ISDIR(mode1) != S_ISDIR(mode2))
-		return error("file/directory conflict: %s, %s", name1, name2);
+	if (mode1 && mode2 && S_ISDIR(mode1) != S_ISDIR(mode2)) {
+		struct diff_filespec *d1, *d2;
+
+		if (S_ISDIR(mode1)) {
+			/* 2 is file that is created */
+			d1 = noindex_filespec(NULL, 0);
+			d2 = noindex_filespec(name2, mode2);
+			name2 = NULL;
+			mode2 = 0;
+		} else {
+			/* 1 is file that is deleted */
+			d1 = noindex_filespec(name1, mode1);
+			d2 = noindex_filespec(NULL, 0);
+			name1 = NULL;
+			mode1 = 0;
+		}
+		/* emit that file */
+		diff_queue(&diff_queued_diff, d1, d2);
+
+		/* and then let the entire directory be created or deleted */
+	}
 
 	if (S_ISDIR(mode1) || S_ISDIR(mode2)) {
 		struct strbuf buffer1 = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -117,15 +135,13 @@ static int queue_diff(struct diff_options *o,
 
 		if (name1) {
 			strbuf_addstr(&buffer1, name1);
-			if (buffer1.len && buffer1.buf[buffer1.len - 1] != '/')
-				strbuf_addch(&buffer1, '/');
+			strbuf_complete(&buffer1, '/');
 			len1 = buffer1.len;
 		}
 
 		if (name2) {
 			strbuf_addstr(&buffer2, name2);
-			if (buffer2.len && buffer2.buf[buffer2.len - 1] != '/')
-				strbuf_addch(&buffer2, '/');
+			strbuf_complete(&buffer2, '/');
 			len2 = buffer2.len;
 		}
 
@@ -168,11 +184,9 @@ static int queue_diff(struct diff_options *o,
 	} else {
 		struct diff_filespec *d1, *d2;
 
-		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, REVERSE_DIFF)) {
-			unsigned tmp;
-			const char *tmp_c;
-			tmp = mode1; mode1 = mode2; mode2 = tmp;
-			tmp_c = name1; name1 = name2; name2 = tmp_c;
+		if (o->flags.reverse_diff) {
+			SWAP(mode1, mode2);
+			SWAP(name1, name2);
 		}
 
 		d1 = noindex_filespec(name1, mode1);
@@ -182,12 +196,50 @@ static int queue_diff(struct diff_options *o,
 	}
 }
 
+/* append basename of F to D */
+static void append_basename(struct strbuf *path, const char *dir, const char *file)
+{
+	const char *tail = strrchr(file, '/');
+
+	strbuf_addstr(path, dir);
+	while (path->len && path->buf[path->len - 1] == '/')
+		path->len--;
+	strbuf_addch(path, '/');
+	strbuf_addstr(path, tail ? tail + 1 : file);
+}
+
+/*
+ * DWIM "diff D F" into "diff D/F F" and "diff F D" into "diff F D/F"
+ * Note that we append the basename of F to D/, so "diff a/b/file D"
+ * becomes "diff a/b/file D/file", not "diff a/b/file D/a/b/file".
+ */
+static void fixup_paths(const char **path, struct strbuf *replacement)
+{
+	unsigned int isdir0, isdir1;
+
+	if (path[0] == file_from_standard_input ||
+	    path[1] == file_from_standard_input)
+		return;
+	isdir0 = is_directory(path[0]);
+	isdir1 = is_directory(path[1]);
+	if (isdir0 == isdir1)
+		return;
+	if (isdir0) {
+		append_basename(replacement, path[0], path[1]);
+		path[0] = replacement->buf;
+	} else {
+		append_basename(replacement, path[1], path[0]);
+		path[1] = replacement->buf;
+	}
+}
+
 void diff_no_index(struct rev_info *revs,
-		   int argc, const char **argv,
-		   const char *prefix)
+		   int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-	int i, prefixlen;
+	int i;
 	const char *paths[2];
+	struct strbuf replacement = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *prefix = revs->prefix;
 
 	diff_setup(&revs->diffopt);
 	for (i = 1; i < argc - 2; ) {
@@ -197,14 +249,14 @@ void diff_no_index(struct rev_info *revs,
 		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--"))
 			i++;
 		else {
-			j = diff_opt_parse(&revs->diffopt, argv + i, argc - i);
+			j = diff_opt_parse(&revs->diffopt, argv + i, argc - i,
+					   revs->prefix);
 			if (j <= 0)
 				die("invalid diff option/value: %s", argv[i]);
 			i += j;
 		}
 	}
 
-	prefixlen = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
 		const char *p = argv[argc - 2 + i];
 		if (!strcmp(p, "-"))
@@ -213,21 +265,27 @@ void diff_no_index(struct rev_info *revs,
 			 * path that is "-", spell it as "./-".
 			 */
 			p = file_from_standard_input;
-		else if (prefixlen)
-			p = xstrdup(prefix_filename(prefix, prefixlen, p));
+		else if (prefix)
+			p = prefix_filename(prefix, p);
 		paths[i] = p;
 	}
+
+	fixup_paths(paths, &replacement);
+
 	revs->diffopt.skip_stat_unmatch = 1;
 	if (!revs->diffopt.output_format)
 		revs->diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, NO_INDEX);
+	revs->diffopt.flags.no_index = 1;
+
+	revs->diffopt.flags.relative_name = 1;
+	revs->diffopt.prefix = prefix;
 
 	revs->max_count = -2;
 	diff_setup_done(&revs->diffopt);
 
 	setup_diff_pager(&revs->diffopt);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS);
+	revs->diffopt.flags.exit_with_status = 1;
 
 	if (queue_diff(&revs->diffopt, paths[0], paths[1]))
 		exit(1);
@@ -235,6 +293,8 @@ void diff_no_index(struct rev_info *revs,
 	diffcore_std(&revs->diffopt);
 	diff_flush(&revs->diffopt);
 
+	strbuf_release(&replacement);
+
 	/*
 	 * The return code for --no-index imitates diff(1):
 	 * 0 = no changes, 1 = changes, else error
diff --git a/diff.c b/diff.c
index 7500c55095..145cfbae59 100644
--- a/diff.c
+++ b/diff.c
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2005 Junio C Hamano
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "tempfile.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "diffcore.h"
@@ -11,12 +13,17 @@
 #include "attr.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "userdiff.h"
-#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
+#include "hashmap.h"
 #include "ll-merge.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
+#include "graph.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "help.h"
 
 #ifdef NO_FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY
 #define FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY 0
@@ -25,10 +32,14 @@
 #endif
 
 static int diff_detect_rename_default;
+static int diff_indent_heuristic = 1;
 static int diff_rename_limit_default = 400;
 static int diff_suppress_blank_empty;
 static int diff_use_color_default = -1;
+static int diff_color_moved_default;
+static int diff_color_moved_ws_default;
 static int diff_context_default = 3;
+static int diff_interhunk_context_default;
 static const char *diff_word_regex_cfg;
 static const char *external_diff_cmd_cfg;
 static const char *diff_order_file_cfg;
@@ -39,10 +50,11 @@ static int diff_stat_graph_width;
 static int diff_dirstat_permille_default = 30;
 static struct diff_options default_diff_options;
 static long diff_algorithm;
+static unsigned ws_error_highlight_default = WSEH_NEW;
 
 static char diff_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
 	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
-	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,	/* PLAIN */
+	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,	/* CONTEXT */
 	GIT_COLOR_BOLD,		/* METAINFO */
 	GIT_COLOR_CYAN,		/* FRAGINFO */
 	GIT_COLOR_RED,		/* OLD */
@@ -50,27 +62,59 @@ static char diff_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
 	GIT_COLOR_YELLOW,	/* COMMIT */
 	GIT_COLOR_BG_RED,	/* WHITESPACE */
 	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,	/* FUNCINFO */
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD_MAGENTA,	/* OLD_MOVED */
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD_BLUE,	/* OLD_MOVED ALTERNATIVE */
+	GIT_COLOR_FAINT,	/* OLD_MOVED_DIM */
+	GIT_COLOR_FAINT_ITALIC,	/* OLD_MOVED_ALTERNATIVE_DIM */
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD_CYAN,	/* NEW_MOVED */
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD_YELLOW,	/* NEW_MOVED ALTERNATIVE */
+	GIT_COLOR_FAINT,	/* NEW_MOVED_DIM */
+	GIT_COLOR_FAINT_ITALIC,	/* NEW_MOVED_ALTERNATIVE_DIM */
+	GIT_COLOR_FAINT,	/* CONTEXT_DIM */
+	GIT_COLOR_FAINT_RED,	/* OLD_DIM */
+	GIT_COLOR_FAINT_GREEN,	/* NEW_DIM */
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD,		/* CONTEXT_BOLD */
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED,	/* OLD_BOLD */
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD_GREEN,	/* NEW_BOLD */
 };
 
+static const char *color_diff_slots[] = {
+	[DIFF_CONTEXT]		      = "context",
+	[DIFF_METAINFO]		      = "meta",
+	[DIFF_FRAGINFO]		      = "frag",
+	[DIFF_FILE_OLD]		      = "old",
+	[DIFF_FILE_NEW]		      = "new",
+	[DIFF_COMMIT]		      = "commit",
+	[DIFF_WHITESPACE]	      = "whitespace",
+	[DIFF_FUNCINFO]		      = "func",
+	[DIFF_FILE_OLD_MOVED]	      = "oldMoved",
+	[DIFF_FILE_OLD_MOVED_ALT]     = "oldMovedAlternative",
+	[DIFF_FILE_OLD_MOVED_DIM]     = "oldMovedDimmed",
+	[DIFF_FILE_OLD_MOVED_ALT_DIM] = "oldMovedAlternativeDimmed",
+	[DIFF_FILE_NEW_MOVED]	      = "newMoved",
+	[DIFF_FILE_NEW_MOVED_ALT]     = "newMovedAlternative",
+	[DIFF_FILE_NEW_MOVED_DIM]     = "newMovedDimmed",
+	[DIFF_FILE_NEW_MOVED_ALT_DIM] = "newMovedAlternativeDimmed",
+	[DIFF_CONTEXT_DIM]	      = "contextDimmed",
+	[DIFF_FILE_OLD_DIM]	      = "oldDimmed",
+	[DIFF_FILE_NEW_DIM]	      = "newDimmed",
+	[DIFF_CONTEXT_BOLD]	      = "contextBold",
+	[DIFF_FILE_OLD_BOLD]	      = "oldBold",
+	[DIFF_FILE_NEW_BOLD]	      = "newBold",
+};
+
+static NORETURN void die_want_option(const char *option_name)
+{
+	die(_("option '%s' requires a value"), option_name);
+}
+
+define_list_config_array_extra(color_diff_slots, {"plain"});
+
 static int parse_diff_color_slot(const char *var)
 {
 	if (!strcasecmp(var, "plain"))
-		return DIFF_PLAIN;
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "meta"))
-		return DIFF_METAINFO;
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "frag"))
-		return DIFF_FRAGINFO;
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "old"))
-		return DIFF_FILE_OLD;
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "new"))
-		return DIFF_FILE_NEW;
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "commit"))
-		return DIFF_COMMIT;
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "whitespace"))
-		return DIFF_WHITESPACE;
-	if (!strcasecmp(var, "func"))
-		return DIFF_FUNCINFO;
-	return -1;
+		return DIFF_CONTEXT;
+	return LOOKUP_CONFIG(color_diff_slots, var);
 }
 
 static int parse_dirstat_params(struct diff_options *options, const char *params_string,
@@ -86,18 +130,18 @@ static int parse_dirstat_params(struct diff_options *options, const char *params
 	for (i = 0; i < params.nr; i++) {
 		const char *p = params.items[i].string;
 		if (!strcmp(p, "changes")) {
-			DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, DIRSTAT_BY_LINE);
-			DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, DIRSTAT_BY_FILE);
+			options->flags.dirstat_by_line = 0;
+			options->flags.dirstat_by_file = 0;
 		} else if (!strcmp(p, "lines")) {
-			DIFF_OPT_SET(options, DIRSTAT_BY_LINE);
-			DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, DIRSTAT_BY_FILE);
+			options->flags.dirstat_by_line = 1;
+			options->flags.dirstat_by_file = 0;
 		} else if (!strcmp(p, "files")) {
-			DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, DIRSTAT_BY_LINE);
-			DIFF_OPT_SET(options, DIRSTAT_BY_FILE);
+			options->flags.dirstat_by_line = 0;
+			options->flags.dirstat_by_file = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(p, "noncumulative")) {
-			DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, DIRSTAT_CUMULATIVE);
+			options->flags.dirstat_cumulative = 0;
 		} else if (!strcmp(p, "cumulative")) {
-			DIFF_OPT_SET(options, DIRSTAT_CUMULATIVE);
+			options->flags.dirstat_cumulative = 1;
 		} else if (isdigit(*p)) {
 			char *end;
 			int permille = strtoul(p, &end, 10) * 10;
@@ -129,15 +173,17 @@ static int parse_dirstat_params(struct diff_options *options, const char *params
 static int parse_submodule_params(struct diff_options *options, const char *value)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(value, "log"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, SUBMODULE_LOG);
+		options->submodule_format = DIFF_SUBMODULE_LOG;
 	else if (!strcmp(value, "short"))
-		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, SUBMODULE_LOG);
+		options->submodule_format = DIFF_SUBMODULE_SHORT;
+	else if (!strcmp(value, "diff"))
+		options->submodule_format = DIFF_SUBMODULE_INLINE_DIFF;
 	else
 		return -1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int git_config_rename(const char *var, const char *value)
+int git_config_rename(const char *var, const char *value)
 {
 	if (!value)
 		return DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
@@ -161,24 +207,158 @@ long parse_algorithm_value(const char *value)
 	return -1;
 }
 
+static int parse_one_token(const char **arg, const char *token)
+{
+	const char *rest;
+	if (skip_prefix(*arg, token, &rest) && (!*rest || *rest == ',')) {
+		*arg = rest;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int parse_ws_error_highlight(const char *arg)
+{
+	const char *orig_arg = arg;
+	unsigned val = 0;
+
+	while (*arg) {
+		if (parse_one_token(&arg, "none"))
+			val = 0;
+		else if (parse_one_token(&arg, "default"))
+			val = WSEH_NEW;
+		else if (parse_one_token(&arg, "all"))
+			val = WSEH_NEW | WSEH_OLD | WSEH_CONTEXT;
+		else if (parse_one_token(&arg, "new"))
+			val |= WSEH_NEW;
+		else if (parse_one_token(&arg, "old"))
+			val |= WSEH_OLD;
+		else if (parse_one_token(&arg, "context"))
+			val |= WSEH_CONTEXT;
+		else {
+			return -1 - (int)(arg - orig_arg);
+		}
+		if (*arg)
+			arg++;
+	}
+	return val;
+}
+
 /*
  * These are to give UI layer defaults.
  * The core-level commands such as git-diff-files should
  * never be affected by the setting of diff.renames
  * the user happens to have in the configuration file.
  */
+void init_diff_ui_defaults(void)
+{
+	diff_detect_rename_default = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
+}
+
+int git_diff_heuristic_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.indentheuristic"))
+		diff_indent_heuristic = git_config_bool(var, value);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int parse_color_moved(const char *arg)
+{
+	switch (git_parse_maybe_bool(arg)) {
+	case 0:
+		return COLOR_MOVED_NO;
+	case 1:
+		return COLOR_MOVED_DEFAULT;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(arg, "no"))
+		return COLOR_MOVED_NO;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "plain"))
+		return COLOR_MOVED_PLAIN;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "blocks"))
+		return COLOR_MOVED_BLOCKS;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "zebra"))
+		return COLOR_MOVED_ZEBRA;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "default"))
+		return COLOR_MOVED_DEFAULT;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "dimmed-zebra"))
+		return COLOR_MOVED_ZEBRA_DIM;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "dimmed_zebra"))
+		return COLOR_MOVED_ZEBRA_DIM;
+	else
+		return error(_("color moved setting must be one of 'no', 'default', 'blocks', 'zebra', 'dimmed-zebra', 'plain'"));
+}
+
+static int parse_color_moved_ws(const char *arg)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct string_list l = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct string_list_item *i;
+
+	string_list_split(&l, arg, ',', -1);
+
+	for_each_string_list_item(i, &l) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, i->string);
+		strbuf_trim(&sb);
+
+		if (!strcmp(sb.buf, "ignore-space-change"))
+			ret |= XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE;
+		else if (!strcmp(sb.buf, "ignore-space-at-eol"))
+			ret |= XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL;
+		else if (!strcmp(sb.buf, "ignore-all-space"))
+			ret |= XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE;
+		else if (!strcmp(sb.buf, "allow-indentation-change"))
+			ret |= COLOR_MOVED_WS_ALLOW_INDENTATION_CHANGE;
+		else
+			error(_("ignoring unknown color-moved-ws mode '%s'"), sb.buf);
+
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+	}
+
+	if ((ret & COLOR_MOVED_WS_ALLOW_INDENTATION_CHANGE) &&
+	    (ret & XDF_WHITESPACE_FLAGS))
+		die(_("color-moved-ws: allow-indentation-change cannot be combined with other white space modes"));
+
+	string_list_clear(&l, 0);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
 int git_diff_ui_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.color") || !strcmp(var, "color.diff")) {
 		diff_use_color_default = git_config_colorbool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.colormoved")) {
+		int cm = parse_color_moved(value);
+		if (cm < 0)
+			return -1;
+		diff_color_moved_default = cm;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.colormovedws")) {
+		int cm = parse_color_moved_ws(value);
+		if (cm < 0)
+			return -1;
+		diff_color_moved_ws_default = cm;
+		return 0;
+	}
 	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.context")) {
 		diff_context_default = git_config_int(var, value);
 		if (diff_context_default < 0)
 			return -1;
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.interhunkcontext")) {
+		diff_interhunk_context_default = git_config_int(var, value);
+		if (diff_interhunk_context_default < 0)
+			return -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
 	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.renames")) {
 		diff_detect_rename_default = git_config_rename(var, value);
 		return 0;
@@ -223,6 +403,14 @@ int git_diff_ui_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.wserrorhighlight")) {
+		int val = parse_ws_error_highlight(value);
+		if (val < 0)
+			return -1;
+		ws_error_highlight_default = val;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (git_color_config(var, value, cb) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
@@ -270,8 +458,8 @@ int git_diff_basic_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (starts_with(var, "submodule."))
-		return parse_submodule_config_option(var, value);
+	if (git_diff_heuristic_config(var, value, cb) < 0)
+		return -1;
 
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
@@ -308,14 +496,27 @@ static const char *external_diff(void)
 	return external_diff_cmd;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Keep track of files used for diffing. Sometimes such an entry
+ * refers to a temporary file, sometimes to an existing file, and
+ * sometimes to "/dev/null".
+ */
 static struct diff_tempfile {
-	const char *name; /* filename external diff should read from */
-	char hex[41];
+	/*
+	 * filename external diff should read from, or NULL if this
+	 * entry is currently not in use:
+	 */
+	const char *name;
+
+	char hex[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
 	char mode[10];
-	char tmp_path[PATH_MAX];
-} diff_temp[2];
 
-typedef unsigned long (*sane_truncate_fn)(char *line, unsigned long len);
+	/*
+	 * If this diff_tempfile instance refers to a temporary file,
+	 * this tempfile object is used to manage its lifetime.
+	 */
+	struct tempfile *tempfile;
+} diff_temp[2];
 
 struct emit_callback {
 	int color_diff;
@@ -324,11 +525,9 @@ struct emit_callback {
 	int blank_at_eof_in_postimage;
 	int lno_in_preimage;
 	int lno_in_postimage;
-	sane_truncate_fn truncate;
 	const char **label_path;
 	struct diff_words_data *diff_words;
 	struct diff_options *opt;
-	int *found_changesp;
 	struct strbuf *header;
 };
 
@@ -424,14 +623,18 @@ static void check_blank_at_eof(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2,
 	ecbdata->blank_at_eof_in_postimage = (at - l2) + 1;
 }
 
-static void emit_line_0(struct diff_options *o, const char *set, const char *reset,
+static void emit_line_0(struct diff_options *o,
+			const char *set, unsigned reverse, const char *reset,
 			int first, const char *line, int len)
 {
 	int has_trailing_newline, has_trailing_carriage_return;
 	int nofirst;
 	FILE *file = o->file;
 
-	fputs(diff_line_prefix(o), file);
+	if (first)
+		fputs(diff_line_prefix(o), file);
+	else if (!len)
+		return;
 
 	if (len == 0) {
 		has_trailing_newline = (first == '\n');
@@ -449,8 +652,10 @@ static void emit_line_0(struct diff_options *o, const char *set, const char *res
 	}
 
 	if (len || !nofirst) {
+		if (reverse && want_color(o->use_color))
+			fputs(GIT_COLOR_REVERSE, file);
 		fputs(set, file);
-		if (!nofirst)
+		if (first && !nofirst)
 			fputc(first, file);
 		fwrite(line, len, 1, file);
 		fputs(reset, file);
@@ -464,7 +669,841 @@ static void emit_line_0(struct diff_options *o, const char *set, const char *res
 static void emit_line(struct diff_options *o, const char *set, const char *reset,
 		      const char *line, int len)
 {
-	emit_line_0(o, set, reset, line[0], line+1, len-1);
+	emit_line_0(o, set, 0, reset, line[0], line+1, len-1);
+}
+
+enum diff_symbol {
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_DIFF_HEADER,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_DIFF_HEADER_DELTA,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_DIFF_HEADER_LITERAL,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_DIFF_BODY,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_DIFF_FOOTER,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_STATS_SUMMARY_NO_FILES,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_STATS_SUMMARY_ABBREV,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_STATS_SUMMARY_INSERTS_DELETES,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_STATS_LINE,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_WORD_DIFF,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_STAT_SEP,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_SUMMARY,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_ADD,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_DEL,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_HEADER,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_ERROR,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_PIPETHROUGH,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_REWRITE_DIFF,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_FILES,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_HEADER,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_FILEPAIR_PLUS,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_FILEPAIR_MINUS,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_WORDS_PORCELAIN,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_WORDS,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTEXT,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTEXT_INCOMPLETE,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_PLUS,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_MINUS,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_NO_LF_EOF,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTEXT_FRAGINFO,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTEXT_MARKER,
+	DIFF_SYMBOL_SEPARATOR
+};
+/*
+ * Flags for content lines:
+ * 0..12 are whitespace rules
+ * 13-15 are WSEH_NEW | WSEH_OLD | WSEH_CONTEXT
+ * 16 is marking if the line is blank at EOF
+ */
+#define DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTENT_BLANK_LINE_EOF	(1<<16)
+#define DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE			(1<<17)
+#define DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ALT		(1<<18)
+#define DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_UNINTERESTING	(1<<19)
+#define DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTENT_WS_MASK (WSEH_NEW | WSEH_OLD | WSEH_CONTEXT | WS_RULE_MASK)
+
+/*
+ * This struct is used when we need to buffer the output of the diff output.
+ *
+ * NEEDSWORK: Instead of storing a copy of the line, add an offset pointer
+ * into the pre/post image file. This pointer could be a union with the
+ * line pointer. By storing an offset into the file instead of the literal line,
+ * we can decrease the memory footprint for the buffered output. At first we
+ * may want to only have indirection for the content lines, but we could also
+ * enhance the state for emitting prefabricated lines, e.g. the similarity
+ * score line or hunk/file headers would only need to store a number or path
+ * and then the output can be constructed later on depending on state.
+ */
+struct emitted_diff_symbol {
+	const char *line;
+	int len;
+	int flags;
+	enum diff_symbol s;
+};
+#define EMITTED_DIFF_SYMBOL_INIT {NULL}
+
+struct emitted_diff_symbols {
+	struct emitted_diff_symbol *buf;
+	int nr, alloc;
+};
+#define EMITTED_DIFF_SYMBOLS_INIT {NULL, 0, 0}
+
+static void append_emitted_diff_symbol(struct diff_options *o,
+				       struct emitted_diff_symbol *e)
+{
+	struct emitted_diff_symbol *f;
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(o->emitted_symbols->buf,
+		   o->emitted_symbols->nr + 1,
+		   o->emitted_symbols->alloc);
+	f = &o->emitted_symbols->buf[o->emitted_symbols->nr++];
+
+	memcpy(f, e, sizeof(struct emitted_diff_symbol));
+	f->line = e->line ? xmemdupz(e->line, e->len) : NULL;
+}
+
+struct moved_entry {
+	struct hashmap_entry ent;
+	const struct emitted_diff_symbol *es;
+	struct moved_entry *next_line;
+	struct ws_delta *wsd;
+};
+
+/**
+ * The struct ws_delta holds white space differences between moved lines, i.e.
+ * between '+' and '-' lines that have been detected to be a move.
+ * The string contains the difference in leading white spaces, before the
+ * rest of the line is compared using the white space config for move
+ * coloring. The current_longer indicates if the first string in the
+ * comparision is longer than the second.
+ */
+struct ws_delta {
+	char *string;
+	unsigned int current_longer : 1;
+};
+#define WS_DELTA_INIT { NULL, 0 }
+
+static int compute_ws_delta(const struct emitted_diff_symbol *a,
+			     const struct emitted_diff_symbol *b,
+			     struct ws_delta *out)
+{
+	const struct emitted_diff_symbol *longer =  a->len > b->len ? a : b;
+	const struct emitted_diff_symbol *shorter = a->len > b->len ? b : a;
+	int d = longer->len - shorter->len;
+
+	out->string = xmemdupz(longer->line, d);
+	out->current_longer = (a == longer);
+
+	return !strncmp(longer->line + d, shorter->line, shorter->len);
+}
+
+static int cmp_in_block_with_wsd(const struct diff_options *o,
+				 const struct moved_entry *cur,
+				 const struct moved_entry *match,
+				 struct moved_entry *pmb,
+				 int n)
+{
+	struct emitted_diff_symbol *l = &o->emitted_symbols->buf[n];
+	int al = cur->es->len, cl = l->len;
+	const char *a = cur->es->line,
+		   *b = match->es->line,
+		   *c = l->line;
+
+	int wslen;
+
+	/*
+	 * We need to check if 'cur' is equal to 'match'.
+	 * As those are from the same (+/-) side, we do not need to adjust for
+	 * indent changes. However these were found using fuzzy matching
+	 * so we do have to check if they are equal.
+	 */
+	if (strcmp(a, b))
+		return 1;
+
+	if (!pmb->wsd)
+		/*
+		 * No white space delta was carried forward? This can happen
+		 * when we exit early in this function and do not carry
+		 * forward ws.
+		 */
+		return 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * The indent changes of the block are known and carried forward in
+	 * pmb->wsd; however we need to check if the indent changes of the
+	 * current line are still the same as before.
+	 *
+	 * To do so we need to compare 'l' to 'cur', adjusting the
+	 * one of them for the white spaces, depending which was longer.
+	 */
+
+	wslen = strlen(pmb->wsd->string);
+	if (pmb->wsd->current_longer) {
+		c += wslen;
+		cl -= wslen;
+	} else {
+		a += wslen;
+		al -= wslen;
+	}
+
+	if (strcmp(a, c))
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int moved_entry_cmp(const void *hashmap_cmp_fn_data,
+			   const void *entry,
+			   const void *entry_or_key,
+			   const void *keydata)
+{
+	const struct diff_options *diffopt = hashmap_cmp_fn_data;
+	const struct moved_entry *a = entry;
+	const struct moved_entry *b = entry_or_key;
+	unsigned flags = diffopt->color_moved_ws_handling
+			 & XDF_WHITESPACE_FLAGS;
+
+	if (diffopt->color_moved_ws_handling &
+	    COLOR_MOVED_WS_ALLOW_INDENTATION_CHANGE)
+		/*
+		 * As there is not specific white space config given,
+		 * we'd need to check for a new block, so ignore all
+		 * white space. The setup of the white space
+		 * configuration for the next block is done else where
+		 */
+		flags |= XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE;
+
+	return !xdiff_compare_lines(a->es->line, a->es->len,
+				    b->es->line, b->es->len,
+				    flags);
+}
+
+static struct moved_entry *prepare_entry(struct diff_options *o,
+					 int line_no)
+{
+	struct moved_entry *ret = xmalloc(sizeof(*ret));
+	struct emitted_diff_symbol *l = &o->emitted_symbols->buf[line_no];
+	unsigned flags = o->color_moved_ws_handling & XDF_WHITESPACE_FLAGS;
+
+	ret->ent.hash = xdiff_hash_string(l->line, l->len, flags);
+	ret->es = l;
+	ret->next_line = NULL;
+	ret->wsd = NULL;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void add_lines_to_move_detection(struct diff_options *o,
+					struct hashmap *add_lines,
+					struct hashmap *del_lines)
+{
+	struct moved_entry *prev_line = NULL;
+
+	int n;
+	for (n = 0; n < o->emitted_symbols->nr; n++) {
+		struct hashmap *hm;
+		struct moved_entry *key;
+
+		switch (o->emitted_symbols->buf[n].s) {
+		case DIFF_SYMBOL_PLUS:
+			hm = add_lines;
+			break;
+		case DIFF_SYMBOL_MINUS:
+			hm = del_lines;
+			break;
+		default:
+			prev_line = NULL;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		key = prepare_entry(o, n);
+		if (prev_line && prev_line->es->s == o->emitted_symbols->buf[n].s)
+			prev_line->next_line = key;
+
+		hashmap_add(hm, key);
+		prev_line = key;
+	}
+}
+
+static void pmb_advance_or_null(struct diff_options *o,
+				struct moved_entry *match,
+				struct hashmap *hm,
+				struct moved_entry **pmb,
+				int pmb_nr)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < pmb_nr; i++) {
+		struct moved_entry *prev = pmb[i];
+		struct moved_entry *cur = (prev && prev->next_line) ?
+				prev->next_line : NULL;
+		if (cur && !hm->cmpfn(o, cur, match, NULL)) {
+			pmb[i] = cur;
+		} else {
+			pmb[i] = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void pmb_advance_or_null_multi_match(struct diff_options *o,
+					    struct moved_entry *match,
+					    struct hashmap *hm,
+					    struct moved_entry **pmb,
+					    int pmb_nr, int n)
+{
+	int i;
+	char *got_match = xcalloc(1, pmb_nr);
+
+	for (; match; match = hashmap_get_next(hm, match)) {
+		for (i = 0; i < pmb_nr; i++) {
+			struct moved_entry *prev = pmb[i];
+			struct moved_entry *cur = (prev && prev->next_line) ?
+					prev->next_line : NULL;
+			if (!cur)
+				continue;
+			if (!cmp_in_block_with_wsd(o, cur, match, pmb[i], n))
+				got_match[i] |= 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < pmb_nr; i++) {
+		if (got_match[i]) {
+			/* Carry the white space delta forward */
+			pmb[i]->next_line->wsd = pmb[i]->wsd;
+			pmb[i] = pmb[i]->next_line;
+		} else
+			pmb[i] = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+static int shrink_potential_moved_blocks(struct moved_entry **pmb,
+					 int pmb_nr)
+{
+	int lp, rp;
+
+	/* Shrink the set of potential block to the remaining running */
+	for (lp = 0, rp = pmb_nr - 1; lp <= rp;) {
+		while (lp < pmb_nr && pmb[lp])
+			lp++;
+		/* lp points at the first NULL now */
+
+		while (rp > -1 && !pmb[rp])
+			rp--;
+		/* rp points at the last non-NULL */
+
+		if (lp < pmb_nr && rp > -1 && lp < rp) {
+			pmb[lp] = pmb[rp];
+			if (pmb[rp]->wsd) {
+				free(pmb[rp]->wsd->string);
+				FREE_AND_NULL(pmb[rp]->wsd);
+			}
+			pmb[rp] = NULL;
+			rp--;
+			lp++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Remember the number of running sets */
+	return rp + 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If o->color_moved is COLOR_MOVED_PLAIN, this function does nothing.
+ *
+ * Otherwise, if the last block has fewer alphanumeric characters than
+ * COLOR_MOVED_MIN_ALNUM_COUNT, unset DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE on all lines in
+ * that block.
+ *
+ * The last block consists of the (n - block_length)'th line up to but not
+ * including the nth line.
+ *
+ * NEEDSWORK: This uses the same heuristic as blame_entry_score() in blame.c.
+ * Think of a way to unify them.
+ */
+static void adjust_last_block(struct diff_options *o, int n, int block_length)
+{
+	int i, alnum_count = 0;
+	if (o->color_moved == COLOR_MOVED_PLAIN)
+		return;
+	for (i = 1; i < block_length + 1; i++) {
+		const char *c = o->emitted_symbols->buf[n - i].line;
+		for (; *c; c++) {
+			if (!isalnum(*c))
+				continue;
+			alnum_count++;
+			if (alnum_count >= COLOR_MOVED_MIN_ALNUM_COUNT)
+				return;
+		}
+	}
+	for (i = 1; i < block_length + 1; i++)
+		o->emitted_symbols->buf[n - i].flags &= ~DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE;
+}
+
+/* Find blocks of moved code, delegate actual coloring decision to helper */
+static void mark_color_as_moved(struct diff_options *o,
+				struct hashmap *add_lines,
+				struct hashmap *del_lines)
+{
+	struct moved_entry **pmb = NULL; /* potentially moved blocks */
+	int pmb_nr = 0, pmb_alloc = 0;
+	int n, flipped_block = 1, block_length = 0;
+
+
+	for (n = 0; n < o->emitted_symbols->nr; n++) {
+		struct hashmap *hm = NULL;
+		struct moved_entry *key;
+		struct moved_entry *match = NULL;
+		struct emitted_diff_symbol *l = &o->emitted_symbols->buf[n];
+
+		switch (l->s) {
+		case DIFF_SYMBOL_PLUS:
+			hm = del_lines;
+			key = prepare_entry(o, n);
+			match = hashmap_get(hm, key, NULL);
+			free(key);
+			break;
+		case DIFF_SYMBOL_MINUS:
+			hm = add_lines;
+			key = prepare_entry(o, n);
+			match = hashmap_get(hm, key, NULL);
+			free(key);
+			break;
+		default:
+			flipped_block = 1;
+		}
+
+		if (!match) {
+			adjust_last_block(o, n, block_length);
+			pmb_nr = 0;
+			block_length = 0;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		l->flags |= DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE;
+
+		if (o->color_moved == COLOR_MOVED_PLAIN)
+			continue;
+
+		if (o->color_moved_ws_handling &
+		    COLOR_MOVED_WS_ALLOW_INDENTATION_CHANGE)
+			pmb_advance_or_null_multi_match(o, match, hm, pmb, pmb_nr, n);
+		else
+			pmb_advance_or_null(o, match, hm, pmb, pmb_nr);
+
+		pmb_nr = shrink_potential_moved_blocks(pmb, pmb_nr);
+
+		if (pmb_nr == 0) {
+			/*
+			 * The current line is the start of a new block.
+			 * Setup the set of potential blocks.
+			 */
+			for (; match; match = hashmap_get_next(hm, match)) {
+				ALLOC_GROW(pmb, pmb_nr + 1, pmb_alloc);
+				if (o->color_moved_ws_handling &
+				    COLOR_MOVED_WS_ALLOW_INDENTATION_CHANGE) {
+					struct ws_delta *wsd = xmalloc(sizeof(*match->wsd));
+					if (compute_ws_delta(l, match->es, wsd)) {
+						match->wsd = wsd;
+						pmb[pmb_nr++] = match;
+					} else
+						free(wsd);
+				} else {
+					pmb[pmb_nr++] = match;
+				}
+			}
+
+			flipped_block = (flipped_block + 1) % 2;
+
+			adjust_last_block(o, n, block_length);
+			block_length = 0;
+		}
+
+		block_length++;
+
+		if (flipped_block && o->color_moved != COLOR_MOVED_BLOCKS)
+			l->flags |= DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ALT;
+	}
+	adjust_last_block(o, n, block_length);
+
+	free(pmb);
+}
+
+#define DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ZEBRA_MASK \
+  (DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE | DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ALT)
+static void dim_moved_lines(struct diff_options *o)
+{
+	int n;
+	for (n = 0; n < o->emitted_symbols->nr; n++) {
+		struct emitted_diff_symbol *prev = (n != 0) ?
+				&o->emitted_symbols->buf[n - 1] : NULL;
+		struct emitted_diff_symbol *l = &o->emitted_symbols->buf[n];
+		struct emitted_diff_symbol *next =
+				(n < o->emitted_symbols->nr - 1) ?
+				&o->emitted_symbols->buf[n + 1] : NULL;
+
+		/* Not a plus or minus line? */
+		if (l->s != DIFF_SYMBOL_PLUS && l->s != DIFF_SYMBOL_MINUS)
+			continue;
+
+		/* Not a moved line? */
+		if (!(l->flags & DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE))
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * If prev or next are not a plus or minus line,
+		 * pretend they don't exist
+		 */
+		if (prev && prev->s != DIFF_SYMBOL_PLUS &&
+			    prev->s != DIFF_SYMBOL_MINUS)
+			prev = NULL;
+		if (next && next->s != DIFF_SYMBOL_PLUS &&
+			    next->s != DIFF_SYMBOL_MINUS)
+			next = NULL;
+
+		/* Inside a block? */
+		if ((prev &&
+		    (prev->flags & DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ZEBRA_MASK) ==
+		    (l->flags & DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ZEBRA_MASK)) &&
+		    (next &&
+		    (next->flags & DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ZEBRA_MASK) ==
+		    (l->flags & DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ZEBRA_MASK))) {
+			l->flags |= DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_UNINTERESTING;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* Check if we are at an interesting bound: */
+		if (prev && (prev->flags & DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE) &&
+		    (prev->flags & DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ALT) !=
+		       (l->flags & DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ALT))
+			continue;
+		if (next && (next->flags & DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE) &&
+		    (next->flags & DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ALT) !=
+		       (l->flags & DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ALT))
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * The boundary to prev and next are not interesting,
+		 * so this line is not interesting as a whole
+		 */
+		l->flags |= DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_UNINTERESTING;
+	}
+}
+
+static void emit_line_ws_markup(struct diff_options *o,
+				const char *set, const char *reset,
+				const char *line, int len,
+				const char *set_sign, char sign,
+				unsigned ws_rule, int blank_at_eof)
+{
+	const char *ws = NULL;
+
+	if (o->ws_error_highlight & ws_rule) {
+		ws = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_WHITESPACE);
+		if (!*ws)
+			ws = NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (!ws && !set_sign)
+		emit_line_0(o, set, 0, reset, sign, line, len);
+	else if (!ws) {
+		/* Emit just the prefix, then the rest. */
+		emit_line_0(o, set_sign ? set_sign : set, !!set_sign, reset,
+			    sign, "", 0);
+		emit_line_0(o, set, 0, reset, 0, line, len);
+	} else if (blank_at_eof)
+		/* Blank line at EOF - paint '+' as well */
+		emit_line_0(o, ws, 0, reset, sign, line, len);
+	else {
+		/* Emit just the prefix, then the rest. */
+		emit_line_0(o, set_sign ? set_sign : set, !!set_sign, reset,
+			    sign, "", 0);
+		ws_check_emit(line, len, ws_rule,
+			      o->file, set, reset, ws);
+	}
+}
+
+static void emit_diff_symbol_from_struct(struct diff_options *o,
+					 struct emitted_diff_symbol *eds)
+{
+	static const char *nneof = " No newline at end of file\n";
+	const char *context, *reset, *set, *set_sign, *meta, *fraginfo;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	enum diff_symbol s = eds->s;
+	const char *line = eds->line;
+	int len = eds->len;
+	unsigned flags = eds->flags;
+
+	switch (s) {
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_NO_LF_EOF:
+		context = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_CONTEXT);
+		reset = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_RESET);
+		putc('\n', o->file);
+		emit_line_0(o, context, 0, reset, '\\',
+			    nneof, strlen(nneof));
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_HEADER:
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_ERROR:
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_PIPETHROUGH:
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_STATS_SUMMARY_INSERTS_DELETES:
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_SUMMARY:
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_STATS_LINE:
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_DIFF_BODY:
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTEXT_FRAGINFO:
+		emit_line(o, "", "", line, len);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTEXT_INCOMPLETE:
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTEXT_MARKER:
+		context = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_CONTEXT);
+		reset = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_RESET);
+		emit_line(o, context, reset, line, len);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_SEPARATOR:
+		fprintf(o->file, "%s%c",
+			diff_line_prefix(o),
+			o->line_termination);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTEXT:
+		set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_CONTEXT);
+		reset = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_RESET);
+		set_sign = NULL;
+		if (o->flags.dual_color_diffed_diffs) {
+			char c = !len ? 0 : line[0];
+
+			if (c == '+')
+				set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
+			else if (c == '@')
+				set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FRAGINFO);
+			else if (c == '-')
+				set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
+		}
+		emit_line_ws_markup(o, set, reset, line, len, set_sign, ' ',
+				    flags & (DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTENT_WS_MASK), 0);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_PLUS:
+		switch (flags & (DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE |
+				 DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ALT |
+				 DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_UNINTERESTING)) {
+		case DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE |
+		     DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ALT |
+		     DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_UNINTERESTING:
+			set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_NEW_MOVED_ALT_DIM);
+			break;
+		case DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE |
+		     DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ALT:
+			set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_NEW_MOVED_ALT);
+			break;
+		case DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE |
+		     DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_UNINTERESTING:
+			set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_NEW_MOVED_DIM);
+			break;
+		case DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE:
+			set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_NEW_MOVED);
+			break;
+		default:
+			set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
+		}
+		reset = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_RESET);
+		if (!o->flags.dual_color_diffed_diffs)
+			set_sign = NULL;
+		else {
+			char c = !len ? 0 : line[0];
+
+			set_sign = set;
+			if (c == '-')
+				set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_OLD_BOLD);
+			else if (c == '@')
+				set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FRAGINFO);
+			else if (c == '+')
+				set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_NEW_BOLD);
+			else
+				set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_CONTEXT_BOLD);
+			flags &= ~DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTENT_WS_MASK;
+		}
+		emit_line_ws_markup(o, set, reset, line, len, set_sign, '+',
+				    flags & DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTENT_WS_MASK,
+				    flags & DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTENT_BLANK_LINE_EOF);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_MINUS:
+		switch (flags & (DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE |
+				 DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ALT |
+				 DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_UNINTERESTING)) {
+		case DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE |
+		     DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ALT |
+		     DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_UNINTERESTING:
+			set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_OLD_MOVED_ALT_DIM);
+			break;
+		case DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE |
+		     DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_ALT:
+			set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_OLD_MOVED_ALT);
+			break;
+		case DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE |
+		     DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE_UNINTERESTING:
+			set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_OLD_MOVED_DIM);
+			break;
+		case DIFF_SYMBOL_MOVED_LINE:
+			set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_OLD_MOVED);
+			break;
+		default:
+			set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
+		}
+		reset = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_RESET);
+		if (!o->flags.dual_color_diffed_diffs)
+			set_sign = NULL;
+		else {
+			char c = !len ? 0 : line[0];
+
+			set_sign = set;
+			if (c == '+')
+				set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_NEW_DIM);
+			else if (c == '@')
+				set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FRAGINFO);
+			else if (c == '-')
+				set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_OLD_DIM);
+			else
+				set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_CONTEXT_DIM);
+		}
+		emit_line_ws_markup(o, set, reset, line, len, set_sign, '-',
+				    flags & DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTENT_WS_MASK, 0);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_WORDS_PORCELAIN:
+		context = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_CONTEXT);
+		reset = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_RESET);
+		emit_line(o, context, reset, line, len);
+		fputs("~\n", o->file);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_WORDS:
+		context = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_CONTEXT);
+		reset = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_RESET);
+		/*
+		 * Skip the prefix character, if any.  With
+		 * diff_suppress_blank_empty, there may be
+		 * none.
+		 */
+		if (line[0] != '\n') {
+			line++;
+			len--;
+		}
+		emit_line(o, context, reset, line, len);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_FILEPAIR_PLUS:
+		meta = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_METAINFO);
+		reset = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_RESET);
+		fprintf(o->file, "%s%s+++ %s%s%s\n", diff_line_prefix(o), meta,
+			line, reset,
+			strchr(line, ' ') ? "\t" : "");
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_FILEPAIR_MINUS:
+		meta = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_METAINFO);
+		reset = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_RESET);
+		fprintf(o->file, "%s%s--- %s%s%s\n", diff_line_prefix(o), meta,
+			line, reset,
+			strchr(line, ' ') ? "\t" : "");
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_FILES:
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_HEADER:
+		fprintf(o->file, "%s", line);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_DIFF_HEADER:
+		fprintf(o->file, "%sGIT binary patch\n", diff_line_prefix(o));
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_DIFF_HEADER_DELTA:
+		fprintf(o->file, "%sdelta %s\n", diff_line_prefix(o), line);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_DIFF_HEADER_LITERAL:
+		fprintf(o->file, "%sliteral %s\n", diff_line_prefix(o), line);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_DIFF_FOOTER:
+		fputs(diff_line_prefix(o), o->file);
+		fputc('\n', o->file);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_REWRITE_DIFF:
+		fraginfo = diff_get_color(o->use_color, DIFF_FRAGINFO);
+		reset = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_RESET);
+		emit_line(o, fraginfo, reset, line, len);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_ADD:
+		set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
+		reset = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_RESET);
+		emit_line(o, set, reset, line, len);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_DEL:
+		set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
+		reset = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_RESET);
+		emit_line(o, set, reset, line, len);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED:
+		fprintf(o->file, "%sSubmodule %s contains untracked content\n",
+			diff_line_prefix(o), line);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED:
+		fprintf(o->file, "%sSubmodule %s contains modified content\n",
+			diff_line_prefix(o), line);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_STATS_SUMMARY_NO_FILES:
+		emit_line(o, "", "", " 0 files changed\n",
+			  strlen(" 0 files changed\n"));
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_STATS_SUMMARY_ABBREV:
+		emit_line(o, "", "", " ...\n", strlen(" ...\n"));
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_WORD_DIFF:
+		fprintf(o->file, "%.*s", len, line);
+		break;
+	case DIFF_SYMBOL_STAT_SEP:
+		fputs(o->stat_sep, o->file);
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG("unknown diff symbol");
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+static void emit_diff_symbol(struct diff_options *o, enum diff_symbol s,
+			     const char *line, int len, unsigned flags)
+{
+	struct emitted_diff_symbol e = {line, len, flags, s};
+
+	if (o->emitted_symbols)
+		append_emitted_diff_symbol(o, &e);
+	else
+		emit_diff_symbol_from_struct(o, &e);
+}
+
+void diff_emit_submodule_del(struct diff_options *o, const char *line)
+{
+	emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_DEL, line, strlen(line), 0);
+}
+
+void diff_emit_submodule_add(struct diff_options *o, const char *line)
+{
+	emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_ADD, line, strlen(line), 0);
+}
+
+void diff_emit_submodule_untracked(struct diff_options *o, const char *path)
+{
+	emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED,
+			 path, strlen(path), 0);
+}
+
+void diff_emit_submodule_modified(struct diff_options *o, const char *path)
+{
+	emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED,
+			 path, strlen(path), 0);
+}
+
+void diff_emit_submodule_header(struct diff_options *o, const char *header)
+{
+	emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_HEADER,
+			 header, strlen(header), 0);
+}
+
+void diff_emit_submodule_error(struct diff_options *o, const char *err)
+{
+	emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_ERROR, err, strlen(err), 0);
+}
+
+void diff_emit_submodule_pipethrough(struct diff_options *o,
+				     const char *line, int len)
+{
+	emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_SUBMODULE_PIPETHROUGH, line, len, 0);
 }
 
 static int new_blank_line_at_eof(struct emit_callback *ecbdata, const char *line, int len)
@@ -482,29 +1521,37 @@ static void emit_add_line(const char *reset,
 			  struct emit_callback *ecbdata,
 			  const char *line, int len)
 {
-	const char *ws = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_WHITESPACE);
-	const char *set = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
+	unsigned flags = WSEH_NEW | ecbdata->ws_rule;
+	if (new_blank_line_at_eof(ecbdata, line, len))
+		flags |= DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTENT_BLANK_LINE_EOF;
 
-	if (!*ws)
-		emit_line_0(ecbdata->opt, set, reset, '+', line, len);
-	else if (new_blank_line_at_eof(ecbdata, line, len))
-		/* Blank line at EOF - paint '+' as well */
-		emit_line_0(ecbdata->opt, ws, reset, '+', line, len);
-	else {
-		/* Emit just the prefix, then the rest. */
-		emit_line_0(ecbdata->opt, set, reset, '+', "", 0);
-		ws_check_emit(line, len, ecbdata->ws_rule,
-			      ecbdata->opt->file, set, reset, ws);
-	}
+	emit_diff_symbol(ecbdata->opt, DIFF_SYMBOL_PLUS, line, len, flags);
+}
+
+static void emit_del_line(const char *reset,
+			  struct emit_callback *ecbdata,
+			  const char *line, int len)
+{
+	unsigned flags = WSEH_OLD | ecbdata->ws_rule;
+	emit_diff_symbol(ecbdata->opt, DIFF_SYMBOL_MINUS, line, len, flags);
+}
+
+static void emit_context_line(const char *reset,
+			      struct emit_callback *ecbdata,
+			      const char *line, int len)
+{
+	unsigned flags = WSEH_CONTEXT | ecbdata->ws_rule;
+	emit_diff_symbol(ecbdata->opt, DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTEXT, line, len, flags);
 }
 
 static void emit_hunk_header(struct emit_callback *ecbdata,
 			     const char *line, int len)
 {
-	const char *plain = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_PLAIN);
+	const char *context = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_CONTEXT);
 	const char *frag = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_FRAGINFO);
 	const char *func = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_FUNCINFO);
 	const char *reset = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_RESET);
+	const char *reverse = ecbdata->color_diff ? GIT_COLOR_REVERSE : "";
 	static const char atat[2] = { '@', '@' };
 	const char *cp, *ep;
 	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -518,12 +1565,15 @@ static void emit_hunk_header(struct emit_callback *ecbdata,
 	if (len < 10 ||
 	    memcmp(line, atat, 2) ||
 	    !(ep = memmem(line + 2, len - 2, atat, 2))) {
-		emit_line(ecbdata->opt, plain, reset, line, len);
+		emit_diff_symbol(ecbdata->opt,
+				 DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTEXT_MARKER, line, len, 0);
 		return;
 	}
 	ep += 2; /* skip over @@ */
 
 	/* The hunk header in fraginfo color */
+	if (ecbdata->opt->flags.dual_color_diffed_diffs)
+		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, reverse);
 	strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, frag);
 	strbuf_add(&msgbuf, line, ep - line);
 	strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, reset);
@@ -540,7 +1590,7 @@ static void emit_hunk_header(struct emit_callback *ecbdata,
 		if (*ep != ' ' && *ep != '\t')
 			break;
 	if (ep != cp) {
-		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, plain);
+		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, context);
 		strbuf_add(&msgbuf, cp, ep - cp);
 		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, reset);
 	}
@@ -552,7 +1602,9 @@ static void emit_hunk_header(struct emit_callback *ecbdata,
 	}
 
 	strbuf_add(&msgbuf, line + len, org_len - len);
-	emit_line(ecbdata->opt, "", "", msgbuf.buf, msgbuf.len);
+	strbuf_complete_line(&msgbuf);
+	emit_diff_symbol(ecbdata->opt,
+			 DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTEXT_FRAGINFO, msgbuf.buf, msgbuf.len, 0);
 	strbuf_release(&msgbuf);
 }
 
@@ -561,39 +1613,30 @@ static struct diff_tempfile *claim_diff_tempfile(void) {
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(diff_temp); i++)
 		if (!diff_temp[i].name)
 			return diff_temp + i;
-	die("BUG: diff is failing to clean up its tempfiles");
+	BUG("diff is failing to clean up its tempfiles");
 }
 
-static int remove_tempfile_installed;
-
 static void remove_tempfile(void)
 {
 	int i;
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(diff_temp); i++) {
-		if (diff_temp[i].name == diff_temp[i].tmp_path)
-			unlink_or_warn(diff_temp[i].name);
+		if (is_tempfile_active(diff_temp[i].tempfile))
+			delete_tempfile(&diff_temp[i].tempfile);
 		diff_temp[i].name = NULL;
 	}
 }
 
-static void remove_tempfile_on_signal(int signo)
-{
-	remove_tempfile();
-	sigchain_pop(signo);
-	raise(signo);
-}
-
-static void print_line_count(FILE *file, int count)
+static void add_line_count(struct strbuf *out, int count)
 {
 	switch (count) {
 	case 0:
-		fprintf(file, "0,0");
+		strbuf_addstr(out, "0,0");
 		break;
 	case 1:
-		fprintf(file, "1");
+		strbuf_addstr(out, "1");
 		break;
 	default:
-		fprintf(file, "1,%d", count);
+		strbuf_addf(out, "1,%d", count);
 		break;
 	}
 }
@@ -602,8 +1645,6 @@ static void emit_rewrite_lines(struct emit_callback *ecb,
 			       int prefix, const char *data, int size)
 {
 	const char *endp = NULL;
-	static const char *nneof = " No newline at end of file\n";
-	const char *old = diff_get_color(ecb->color_diff, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
 	const char *reset = diff_get_color(ecb->color_diff, DIFF_RESET);
 
 	while (0 < size) {
@@ -613,8 +1654,7 @@ static void emit_rewrite_lines(struct emit_callback *ecb,
 		len = endp ? (endp - data + 1) : size;
 		if (prefix != '+') {
 			ecb->lno_in_preimage++;
-			emit_line_0(ecb->opt, old, reset, '-',
-				    data, len);
+			emit_del_line(reset, ecb, data, len);
 		} else {
 			ecb->lno_in_postimage++;
 			emit_add_line(reset, ecb, data, len);
@@ -622,13 +1662,8 @@ static void emit_rewrite_lines(struct emit_callback *ecb,
 		size -= len;
 		data += len;
 	}
-	if (!endp) {
-		const char *plain = diff_get_color(ecb->color_diff,
-						   DIFF_PLAIN);
-		putc('\n', ecb->opt->file);
-		emit_line_0(ecb->opt, plain, reset, '\\',
-			    nneof, strlen(nneof));
-	}
+	if (!endp)
+		emit_diff_symbol(ecb->opt, DIFF_SYMBOL_NO_LF_EOF, NULL, 0, 0);
 }
 
 static void emit_rewrite_diff(const char *name_a,
@@ -640,18 +1675,14 @@ static void emit_rewrite_diff(const char *name_a,
 			      struct diff_options *o)
 {
 	int lc_a, lc_b;
-	const char *name_a_tab, *name_b_tab;
-	const char *metainfo = diff_get_color(o->use_color, DIFF_METAINFO);
-	const char *fraginfo = diff_get_color(o->use_color, DIFF_FRAGINFO);
-	const char *reset = diff_get_color(o->use_color, DIFF_RESET);
 	static struct strbuf a_name = STRBUF_INIT, b_name = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *a_prefix, *b_prefix;
 	char *data_one, *data_two;
 	size_t size_one, size_two;
 	struct emit_callback ecbdata;
-	const char *line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(o);
+	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	if (diff_mnemonic_prefix && DIFF_OPT_TST(o, REVERSE_DIFF)) {
+	if (diff_mnemonic_prefix && o->flags.reverse_diff) {
 		a_prefix = o->b_prefix;
 		b_prefix = o->a_prefix;
 	} else {
@@ -661,8 +1692,6 @@ static void emit_rewrite_diff(const char *name_a,
 
 	name_a += (*name_a == '/');
 	name_b += (*name_b == '/');
-	name_a_tab = strchr(name_a, ' ') ? "\t" : "";
-	name_b_tab = strchr(name_b, ' ') ? "\t" : "";
 
 	strbuf_reset(&a_name);
 	strbuf_reset(&b_name);
@@ -674,7 +1703,6 @@ static void emit_rewrite_diff(const char *name_a,
 
 	memset(&ecbdata, 0, sizeof(ecbdata));
 	ecbdata.color_diff = want_color(o->use_color);
-	ecbdata.found_changesp = &o->found_changes;
 	ecbdata.ws_rule = whitespace_rule(name_b);
 	ecbdata.opt = o;
 	if (ecbdata.ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF) {
@@ -690,18 +1718,23 @@ static void emit_rewrite_diff(const char *name_a,
 
 	lc_a = count_lines(data_one, size_one);
 	lc_b = count_lines(data_two, size_two);
-	fprintf(o->file,
-		"%s%s--- %s%s%s\n%s%s+++ %s%s%s\n%s%s@@ -",
-		line_prefix, metainfo, a_name.buf, name_a_tab, reset,
-		line_prefix, metainfo, b_name.buf, name_b_tab, reset,
-		line_prefix, fraginfo);
+
+	emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_FILEPAIR_MINUS,
+			 a_name.buf, a_name.len, 0);
+	emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_FILEPAIR_PLUS,
+			 b_name.buf, b_name.len, 0);
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&out, "@@ -");
 	if (!o->irreversible_delete)
-		print_line_count(o->file, lc_a);
+		add_line_count(&out, lc_a);
 	else
-		fprintf(o->file, "?,?");
-	fprintf(o->file, " +");
-	print_line_count(o->file, lc_b);
-	fprintf(o->file, " @@%s\n", reset);
+		strbuf_addstr(&out, "?,?");
+	strbuf_addstr(&out, " +");
+	add_line_count(&out, lc_b);
+	strbuf_addstr(&out, " @@\n");
+	emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_REWRITE_DIFF, out.buf, out.len, 0);
+	strbuf_release(&out);
+
 	if (lc_a && !o->irreversible_delete)
 		emit_rewrite_lines(&ecbdata, '-', data_one, size_one);
 	if (lc_b)
@@ -714,7 +1747,7 @@ static void emit_rewrite_diff(const char *name_a,
 
 struct diff_words_buffer {
 	mmfile_t text;
-	long alloc;
+	unsigned long alloc;
 	struct diff_words_orig {
 		const char *begin, *end;
 	} *orig;
@@ -741,7 +1774,7 @@ struct diff_words_style_elem {
 
 struct diff_words_style {
 	enum diff_words_type type;
-	struct diff_words_style_elem new, old, ctx;
+	struct diff_words_style_elem new_word, old_word, ctx;
 	const char *newline;
 };
 
@@ -761,44 +1794,56 @@ struct diff_words_data {
 	struct diff_words_style *style;
 };
 
-static int fn_out_diff_words_write_helper(FILE *fp,
+static int fn_out_diff_words_write_helper(struct diff_options *o,
 					  struct diff_words_style_elem *st_el,
 					  const char *newline,
-					  size_t count, const char *buf,
-					  const char *line_prefix)
+					  size_t count, const char *buf)
 {
 	int print = 0;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	while (count) {
 		char *p = memchr(buf, '\n', count);
 		if (print)
-			fputs(line_prefix, fp);
+			strbuf_addstr(&sb, diff_line_prefix(o));
+
 		if (p != buf) {
-			if (st_el->color && fputs(st_el->color, fp) < 0)
-				return -1;
-			if (fputs(st_el->prefix, fp) < 0 ||
-			    fwrite(buf, p ? p - buf : count, 1, fp) != 1 ||
-			    fputs(st_el->suffix, fp) < 0)
-				return -1;
-			if (st_el->color && *st_el->color
-			    && fputs(GIT_COLOR_RESET, fp) < 0)
-				return -1;
+			const char *reset = st_el->color && *st_el->color ?
+					    GIT_COLOR_RESET : NULL;
+			if (st_el->color && *st_el->color)
+				strbuf_addstr(&sb, st_el->color);
+			strbuf_addstr(&sb, st_el->prefix);
+			strbuf_add(&sb, buf, p ? p - buf : count);
+			strbuf_addstr(&sb, st_el->suffix);
+			if (reset)
+				strbuf_addstr(&sb, reset);
 		}
 		if (!p)
-			return 0;
-		if (fputs(newline, fp) < 0)
-			return -1;
+			goto out;
+
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, newline);
 		count -= p + 1 - buf;
 		buf = p + 1;
 		print = 1;
+		if (count) {
+			emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_WORD_DIFF,
+					 sb.buf, sb.len, 0);
+			strbuf_reset(&sb);
+		}
 	}
+
+out:
+	if (sb.len)
+		emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_WORD_DIFF,
+				 sb.buf, sb.len, 0);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * '--color-words' algorithm can be described as:
  *
- *   1. collect a the minus/plus lines of a diff hunk, divided into
+ *   1. collect the minus/plus lines of a diff hunk, divided into
  *      minus-lines and plus-lines;
  *
  *   2. break both minus-lines and plus-lines into words and
@@ -873,24 +1918,20 @@ static void fn_out_diff_words_aux(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 		fputs(line_prefix, diff_words->opt->file);
 	}
 	if (diff_words->current_plus != plus_begin) {
-		fn_out_diff_words_write_helper(diff_words->opt->file,
+		fn_out_diff_words_write_helper(diff_words->opt,
 				&style->ctx, style->newline,
 				plus_begin - diff_words->current_plus,
-				diff_words->current_plus, line_prefix);
-		if (*(plus_begin - 1) == '\n')
-			fputs(line_prefix, diff_words->opt->file);
+				diff_words->current_plus);
 	}
 	if (minus_begin != minus_end) {
-		fn_out_diff_words_write_helper(diff_words->opt->file,
-				&style->old, style->newline,
-				minus_end - minus_begin, minus_begin,
-				line_prefix);
+		fn_out_diff_words_write_helper(diff_words->opt,
+				&style->old_word, style->newline,
+				minus_end - minus_begin, minus_begin);
 	}
 	if (plus_begin != plus_end) {
-		fn_out_diff_words_write_helper(diff_words->opt->file,
-				&style->new, style->newline,
-				plus_end - plus_begin, plus_begin,
-				line_prefix);
+		fn_out_diff_words_write_helper(diff_words->opt,
+				&style->new_word, style->newline,
+				plus_end - plus_begin, plus_begin);
 	}
 
 	diff_words->current_plus = plus_end;
@@ -903,7 +1944,8 @@ static int find_word_boundaries(mmfile_t *buffer, regex_t *word_regex,
 {
 	if (word_regex && *begin < buffer->size) {
 		regmatch_t match[1];
-		if (!regexec(word_regex, buffer->ptr + *begin, 1, match, 0)) {
+		if (!regexec_buf(word_regex, buffer->ptr + *begin,
+				 buffer->size - *begin, 1, match, 0)) {
 			char *p = memchr(buffer->ptr + *begin + match[0].rm_so,
 					'\n', match[0].rm_eo - match[0].rm_so);
 			*end = p ? p - buffer->ptr : match[0].rm_eo + *begin;
@@ -983,11 +2025,12 @@ static void diff_words_show(struct diff_words_data *diff_words)
 
 	/* special case: only removal */
 	if (!diff_words->plus.text.size) {
-		fputs(line_prefix, diff_words->opt->file);
-		fn_out_diff_words_write_helper(diff_words->opt->file,
-			&style->old, style->newline,
+		emit_diff_symbol(diff_words->opt, DIFF_SYMBOL_WORD_DIFF,
+				 line_prefix, strlen(line_prefix), 0);
+		fn_out_diff_words_write_helper(diff_words->opt,
+			&style->old_word, style->newline,
 			diff_words->minus.text.size,
-			diff_words->minus.text.ptr, line_prefix);
+			diff_words->minus.text.ptr);
 		diff_words->minus.text.size = 0;
 		return;
 	}
@@ -1002,19 +2045,20 @@ static void diff_words_show(struct diff_words_data *diff_words)
 	xpp.flags = 0;
 	/* as only the hunk header will be parsed, we need a 0-context */
 	xecfg.ctxlen = 0;
-	xdi_diff_outf(&minus, &plus, fn_out_diff_words_aux, diff_words,
-		      &xpp, &xecfg);
+	if (xdi_diff_outf(&minus, &plus, fn_out_diff_words_aux, diff_words,
+			  &xpp, &xecfg))
+		die("unable to generate word diff");
 	free(minus.ptr);
 	free(plus.ptr);
 	if (diff_words->current_plus != diff_words->plus.text.ptr +
 			diff_words->plus.text.size) {
 		if (color_words_output_graph_prefix(diff_words))
-			fputs(line_prefix, diff_words->opt->file);
-		fn_out_diff_words_write_helper(diff_words->opt->file,
+			emit_diff_symbol(diff_words->opt, DIFF_SYMBOL_WORD_DIFF,
+					 line_prefix, strlen(line_prefix), 0);
+		fn_out_diff_words_write_helper(diff_words->opt,
 			&style->ctx, style->newline,
 			diff_words->plus.text.ptr + diff_words->plus.text.size
-			- diff_words->current_plus, diff_words->current_plus,
-			line_prefix);
+			- diff_words->current_plus, diff_words->current_plus);
 	}
 	diff_words->minus.text.size = diff_words->plus.text.size = 0;
 }
@@ -1022,9 +2066,29 @@ static void diff_words_show(struct diff_words_data *diff_words)
 /* In "color-words" mode, show word-diff of words accumulated in the buffer */
 static void diff_words_flush(struct emit_callback *ecbdata)
 {
+	struct diff_options *wo = ecbdata->diff_words->opt;
+
 	if (ecbdata->diff_words->minus.text.size ||
 	    ecbdata->diff_words->plus.text.size)
 		diff_words_show(ecbdata->diff_words);
+
+	if (wo->emitted_symbols) {
+		struct diff_options *o = ecbdata->opt;
+		struct emitted_diff_symbols *wol = wo->emitted_symbols;
+		int i;
+
+		/*
+		 * NEEDSWORK:
+		 * Instead of appending each, concat all words to a line?
+		 */
+		for (i = 0; i < wol->nr; i++)
+			append_emitted_diff_symbol(o, &wol->buf[i]);
+
+		for (i = 0; i < wol->nr; i++)
+			free((void *)wol->buf[i].line);
+
+		wol->nr = 0;
+	}
 }
 
 static void diff_filespec_load_driver(struct diff_filespec *one)
@@ -1060,6 +2124,11 @@ static void init_diff_words_data(struct emit_callback *ecbdata,
 		xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct diff_words_data));
 	ecbdata->diff_words->type = o->word_diff;
 	ecbdata->diff_words->opt = o;
+
+	if (orig_opts->emitted_symbols)
+		o->emitted_symbols =
+			xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct emitted_diff_symbols));
+
 	if (!o->word_regex)
 		o->word_regex = userdiff_word_regex(one);
 	if (!o->word_regex)
@@ -1072,8 +2141,8 @@ static void init_diff_words_data(struct emit_callback *ecbdata,
 		if (regcomp(ecbdata->diff_words->word_regex,
 			    o->word_regex,
 			    REG_EXTENDED | REG_NEWLINE))
-			die ("Invalid regular expression: %s",
-			     o->word_regex);
+			die("invalid regular expression: %s",
+			    o->word_regex);
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(diff_words_styles); i++) {
 		if (o->word_diff == diff_words_styles[i].type) {
@@ -1084,9 +2153,9 @@ static void init_diff_words_data(struct emit_callback *ecbdata,
 	}
 	if (want_color(o->use_color)) {
 		struct diff_words_style *st = ecbdata->diff_words->style;
-		st->old.color = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
-		st->new.color = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
-		st->ctx.color = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_PLAIN);
+		st->old_word.color = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
+		st->new_word.color = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
+		st->ctx.color = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_CONTEXT);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1094,6 +2163,7 @@ static void free_diff_words_data(struct emit_callback *ecbdata)
 {
 	if (ecbdata->diff_words) {
 		diff_words_flush(ecbdata);
+		free (ecbdata->diff_words->opt->emitted_symbols);
 		free (ecbdata->diff_words->opt);
 		free (ecbdata->diff_words->minus.text.ptr);
 		free (ecbdata->diff_words->minus.orig);
@@ -1103,8 +2173,7 @@ static void free_diff_words_data(struct emit_callback *ecbdata)
 			regfree(ecbdata->diff_words->word_regex);
 			free(ecbdata->diff_words->word_regex);
 		}
-		free(ecbdata->diff_words);
-		ecbdata->diff_words = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(ecbdata->diff_words);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1131,8 +2200,6 @@ static unsigned long sane_truncate_line(struct emit_callback *ecb, char *line, u
 	unsigned long allot;
 	size_t l = len;
 
-	if (ecb->truncate)
-		return ecb->truncate(line, len);
 	cp = line;
 	allot = l;
 	while (0 < l) {
@@ -1161,29 +2228,25 @@ static void find_lno(const char *line, struct emit_callback *ecbdata)
 static void fn_out_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 {
 	struct emit_callback *ecbdata = priv;
-	const char *meta = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_METAINFO);
-	const char *plain = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_PLAIN);
 	const char *reset = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_RESET);
 	struct diff_options *o = ecbdata->opt;
-	const char *line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(o);
+
+	o->found_changes = 1;
 
 	if (ecbdata->header) {
-		fprintf(ecbdata->opt->file, "%s", ecbdata->header->buf);
+		emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_HEADER,
+				 ecbdata->header->buf, ecbdata->header->len, 0);
 		strbuf_reset(ecbdata->header);
 		ecbdata->header = NULL;
 	}
-	*(ecbdata->found_changesp) = 1;
 
 	if (ecbdata->label_path[0]) {
-		const char *name_a_tab, *name_b_tab;
-
-		name_a_tab = strchr(ecbdata->label_path[0], ' ') ? "\t" : "";
-		name_b_tab = strchr(ecbdata->label_path[1], ' ') ? "\t" : "";
-
-		fprintf(ecbdata->opt->file, "%s%s--- %s%s%s\n",
-			line_prefix, meta, ecbdata->label_path[0], reset, name_a_tab);
-		fprintf(ecbdata->opt->file, "%s%s+++ %s%s%s\n",
-			line_prefix, meta, ecbdata->label_path[1], reset, name_b_tab);
+		emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_FILEPAIR_MINUS,
+				 ecbdata->label_path[0],
+				 strlen(ecbdata->label_path[0]), 0);
+		emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_FILEPAIR_PLUS,
+				 ecbdata->label_path[1],
+				 strlen(ecbdata->label_path[1]), 0);
 		ecbdata->label_path[0] = ecbdata->label_path[1] = NULL;
 	}
 
@@ -1199,20 +2262,13 @@ static void fn_out_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 		len = sane_truncate_line(ecbdata, line, len);
 		find_lno(line, ecbdata);
 		emit_hunk_header(ecbdata, line, len);
-		if (line[len-1] != '\n')
-			putc('\n', ecbdata->opt->file);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (len < 1) {
-		emit_line(ecbdata->opt, reset, reset, line, len);
-		if (ecbdata->diff_words
-		    && ecbdata->diff_words->type == DIFF_WORDS_PORCELAIN)
-			fputs("~\n", ecbdata->opt->file);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	if (ecbdata->diff_words) {
+		enum diff_symbol s =
+			ecbdata->diff_words->type == DIFF_WORDS_PORCELAIN ?
+			DIFF_SYMBOL_WORDS_PORCELAIN : DIFF_SYMBOL_WORDS;
 		if (line[0] == '-') {
 			diff_words_append(line, len,
 					  &ecbdata->diff_words->minus);
@@ -1232,43 +2288,37 @@ static void fn_out_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 			return;
 		}
 		diff_words_flush(ecbdata);
-		if (ecbdata->diff_words->type == DIFF_WORDS_PORCELAIN) {
-			emit_line(ecbdata->opt, plain, reset, line, len);
-			fputs("~\n", ecbdata->opt->file);
-		} else {
-			/*
-			 * Skip the prefix character, if any.  With
-			 * diff_suppress_blank_empty, there may be
-			 * none.
-			 */
-			if (line[0] != '\n') {
-			      line++;
-			      len--;
-			}
-			emit_line(ecbdata->opt, plain, reset, line, len);
-		}
+		emit_diff_symbol(o, s, line, len, 0);
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (line[0] != '+') {
-		const char *color =
-			diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff,
-				       line[0] == '-' ? DIFF_FILE_OLD : DIFF_PLAIN);
-		ecbdata->lno_in_preimage++;
-		if (line[0] == ' ')
-			ecbdata->lno_in_postimage++;
-		emit_line(ecbdata->opt, color, reset, line, len);
-	} else {
+	switch (line[0]) {
+	case '+':
 		ecbdata->lno_in_postimage++;
 		emit_add_line(reset, ecbdata, line + 1, len - 1);
+		break;
+	case '-':
+		ecbdata->lno_in_preimage++;
+		emit_del_line(reset, ecbdata, line + 1, len - 1);
+		break;
+	case ' ':
+		ecbdata->lno_in_postimage++;
+		ecbdata->lno_in_preimage++;
+		emit_context_line(reset, ecbdata, line + 1, len - 1);
+		break;
+	default:
+		/* incomplete line at the end */
+		ecbdata->lno_in_preimage++;
+		emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_CONTEXT_INCOMPLETE,
+				 line, len, 0);
+		break;
 	}
 }
 
-static char *pprint_rename(const char *a, const char *b)
+static void pprint_rename(struct strbuf *name, const char *a, const char *b)
 {
-	const char *old = a;
-	const char *new = b;
-	struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *old_name = a;
+	const char *new_name = b;
 	int pfx_length, sfx_length;
 	int pfx_adjust_for_slash;
 	int len_a = strlen(a);
@@ -1278,24 +2328,24 @@ static char *pprint_rename(const char *a, const char *b)
 	int qlen_b = quote_c_style(b, NULL, NULL, 0);
 
 	if (qlen_a || qlen_b) {
-		quote_c_style(a, &name, NULL, 0);
-		strbuf_addstr(&name, " => ");
-		quote_c_style(b, &name, NULL, 0);
-		return strbuf_detach(&name, NULL);
+		quote_c_style(a, name, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addstr(name, " => ");
+		quote_c_style(b, name, NULL, 0);
+		return;
 	}
 
 	/* Find common prefix */
 	pfx_length = 0;
-	while (*old && *new && *old == *new) {
-		if (*old == '/')
-			pfx_length = old - a + 1;
-		old++;
-		new++;
+	while (*old_name && *new_name && *old_name == *new_name) {
+		if (*old_name == '/')
+			pfx_length = old_name - a + 1;
+		old_name++;
+		new_name++;
 	}
 
 	/* Find common suffix */
-	old = a + len_a;
-	new = b + len_b;
+	old_name = a + len_a;
+	new_name = b + len_b;
 	sfx_length = 0;
 	/*
 	 * If there is a common prefix, it must end in a slash.  In
@@ -1306,13 +2356,13 @@ static char *pprint_rename(const char *a, const char *b)
 	 * underrun the input strings.
 	 */
 	pfx_adjust_for_slash = (pfx_length ? 1 : 0);
-	while (a + pfx_length - pfx_adjust_for_slash <= old &&
-	       b + pfx_length - pfx_adjust_for_slash <= new &&
-	       *old == *new) {
-		if (*old == '/')
-			sfx_length = len_a - (old - a);
-		old--;
-		new--;
+	while (a + pfx_length - pfx_adjust_for_slash <= old_name &&
+	       b + pfx_length - pfx_adjust_for_slash <= new_name &&
+	       *old_name == *new_name) {
+		if (*old_name == '/')
+			sfx_length = len_a - (old_name - a);
+		old_name--;
+		new_name--;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -1328,19 +2378,18 @@ static char *pprint_rename(const char *a, const char *b)
 	if (b_midlen < 0)
 		b_midlen = 0;
 
-	strbuf_grow(&name, pfx_length + a_midlen + b_midlen + sfx_length + 7);
+	strbuf_grow(name, pfx_length + a_midlen + b_midlen + sfx_length + 7);
 	if (pfx_length + sfx_length) {
-		strbuf_add(&name, a, pfx_length);
-		strbuf_addch(&name, '{');
+		strbuf_add(name, a, pfx_length);
+		strbuf_addch(name, '{');
 	}
-	strbuf_add(&name, a + pfx_length, a_midlen);
-	strbuf_addstr(&name, " => ");
-	strbuf_add(&name, b + pfx_length, b_midlen);
+	strbuf_add(name, a + pfx_length, a_midlen);
+	strbuf_addstr(name, " => ");
+	strbuf_add(name, b + pfx_length, b_midlen);
 	if (pfx_length + sfx_length) {
-		strbuf_addch(&name, '}');
-		strbuf_add(&name, a + len_a - sfx_length, sfx_length);
+		strbuf_addch(name, '}');
+		strbuf_add(name, a + len_a - sfx_length, sfx_length);
 	}
-	return strbuf_detach(&name, NULL);
 }
 
 struct diffstat_t {
@@ -1350,6 +2399,7 @@ struct diffstat_t {
 		char *from_name;
 		char *name;
 		char *print_name;
+		const char *comments;
 		unsigned is_unmerged:1;
 		unsigned is_binary:1;
 		unsigned is_renamed:1;
@@ -1404,51 +2454,44 @@ static int scale_linear(int it, int width, int max_change)
 	return 1 + (it * (width - 1) / max_change);
 }
 
-static void show_name(FILE *file,
-		      const char *prefix, const char *name, int len)
-{
-	fprintf(file, " %s%-*s |", prefix, len, name);
-}
-
-static void show_graph(FILE *file, char ch, int cnt, const char *set, const char *reset)
+static void show_graph(struct strbuf *out, char ch, int cnt,
+		       const char *set, const char *reset)
 {
 	if (cnt <= 0)
 		return;
-	fprintf(file, "%s", set);
-	while (cnt--)
-		putc(ch, file);
-	fprintf(file, "%s", reset);
+	strbuf_addstr(out, set);
+	strbuf_addchars(out, ch, cnt);
+	strbuf_addstr(out, reset);
 }
 
 static void fill_print_name(struct diffstat_file *file)
 {
-	char *pname;
+	struct strbuf pname = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (file->print_name)
 		return;
 
-	if (!file->is_renamed) {
-		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-		if (quote_c_style(file->name, &buf, NULL, 0)) {
-			pname = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
-		} else {
-			pname = file->name;
-			strbuf_release(&buf);
-		}
-	} else {
-		pname = pprint_rename(file->from_name, file->name);
-	}
-	file->print_name = pname;
+	if (file->is_renamed)
+		pprint_rename(&pname, file->from_name, file->name);
+	else
+		quote_c_style(file->name, &pname, NULL, 0);
+
+	if (file->comments)
+		strbuf_addf(&pname, " (%s)", file->comments);
+
+	file->print_name = strbuf_detach(&pname, NULL);
 }
 
-int print_stat_summary(FILE *fp, int files, int insertions, int deletions)
+static void print_stat_summary_inserts_deletes(struct diff_options *options,
+		int files, int insertions, int deletions)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int ret;
 
 	if (!files) {
 		assert(insertions == 0 && deletions == 0);
-		return fprintf(fp, "%s\n", " 0 files changed");
+		emit_diff_symbol(options, DIFF_SYMBOL_STATS_SUMMARY_NO_FILES,
+				 NULL, 0, 0);
+		return;
 	}
 
 	strbuf_addf(&sb,
@@ -1475,9 +2518,19 @@ int print_stat_summary(FILE *fp, int files, int insertions, int deletions)
 			    deletions);
 	}
 	strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
-	ret = fputs(sb.buf, fp);
+	emit_diff_symbol(options, DIFF_SYMBOL_STATS_SUMMARY_INSERTS_DELETES,
+			 sb.buf, sb.len, 0);
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
-	return ret;
+}
+
+void print_stat_summary(FILE *fp, int files,
+			int insertions, int deletions)
+{
+	struct diff_options o;
+	memset(&o, 0, sizeof(o));
+	o.file = fp;
+
+	print_stat_summary_inserts_deletes(&o, files, insertions, deletions);
 }
 
 static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
@@ -1487,13 +2540,13 @@ static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
 	int total_files = data->nr, count;
 	int width, name_width, graph_width, number_width = 0, bin_width = 0;
 	const char *reset, *add_c, *del_c;
-	const char *line_prefix = "";
 	int extra_shown = 0;
+	const char *line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(options);
+	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (data->nr == 0)
 		return;
 
-	line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(options);
 	count = options->stat_count ? options->stat_count : data->nr;
 
 	reset = diff_get_color_opt(options, DIFF_RESET);
@@ -1566,7 +2619,7 @@ static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
 	 */
 
 	if (options->stat_width == -1)
-		width = term_columns() - options->output_prefix_length;
+		width = term_columns() - strlen(line_prefix);
 	else
 		width = options->stat_width ? options->stat_width : 80;
 	number_width = decimal_width(max_change) > number_width ?
@@ -1647,26 +2700,32 @@ static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
 		}
 
 		if (file->is_binary) {
-			fprintf(options->file, "%s", line_prefix);
-			show_name(options->file, prefix, name, len);
-			fprintf(options->file, " %*s", number_width, "Bin");
+			strbuf_addf(&out, " %s%-*s |", prefix, len, name);
+			strbuf_addf(&out, " %*s", number_width, "Bin");
 			if (!added && !deleted) {
-				putc('\n', options->file);
+				strbuf_addch(&out, '\n');
+				emit_diff_symbol(options, DIFF_SYMBOL_STATS_LINE,
+						 out.buf, out.len, 0);
+				strbuf_reset(&out);
 				continue;
 			}
-			fprintf(options->file, " %s%"PRIuMAX"%s",
+			strbuf_addf(&out, " %s%"PRIuMAX"%s",
 				del_c, deleted, reset);
-			fprintf(options->file, " -> ");
-			fprintf(options->file, "%s%"PRIuMAX"%s",
+			strbuf_addstr(&out, " -> ");
+			strbuf_addf(&out, "%s%"PRIuMAX"%s",
 				add_c, added, reset);
-			fprintf(options->file, " bytes");
-			fprintf(options->file, "\n");
+			strbuf_addstr(&out, " bytes\n");
+			emit_diff_symbol(options, DIFF_SYMBOL_STATS_LINE,
+					 out.buf, out.len, 0);
+			strbuf_reset(&out);
 			continue;
 		}
 		else if (file->is_unmerged) {
-			fprintf(options->file, "%s", line_prefix);
-			show_name(options->file, prefix, name, len);
-			fprintf(options->file, " Unmerged\n");
+			strbuf_addf(&out, " %s%-*s |", prefix, len, name);
+			strbuf_addstr(&out, " Unmerged\n");
+			emit_diff_symbol(options, DIFF_SYMBOL_STATS_LINE,
+					 out.buf, out.len, 0);
+			strbuf_reset(&out);
 			continue;
 		}
 
@@ -1689,14 +2748,16 @@ static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
 				add = total - del;
 			}
 		}
-		fprintf(options->file, "%s", line_prefix);
-		show_name(options->file, prefix, name, len);
-		fprintf(options->file, " %*"PRIuMAX"%s",
+		strbuf_addf(&out, " %s%-*s |", prefix, len, name);
+		strbuf_addf(&out, " %*"PRIuMAX"%s",
 			number_width, added + deleted,
 			added + deleted ? " " : "");
-		show_graph(options->file, '+', add, add_c, reset);
-		show_graph(options->file, '-', del, del_c, reset);
-		fprintf(options->file, "\n");
+		show_graph(&out, '+', add, add_c, reset);
+		show_graph(&out, '-', del, del_c, reset);
+		strbuf_addch(&out, '\n');
+		emit_diff_symbol(options, DIFF_SYMBOL_STATS_LINE,
+				 out.buf, out.len, 0);
+		strbuf_reset(&out);
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < data->nr; i++) {
@@ -1717,11 +2778,14 @@ static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
 		if (i < count)
 			continue;
 		if (!extra_shown)
-			fprintf(options->file, "%s ...\n", line_prefix);
+			emit_diff_symbol(options,
+					 DIFF_SYMBOL_STATS_SUMMARY_ABBREV,
+					 NULL, 0, 0);
 		extra_shown = 1;
 	}
-	fprintf(options->file, "%s", line_prefix);
-	print_stat_summary(options->file, total_files, adds, dels);
+
+	print_stat_summary_inserts_deletes(options, total_files, adds, dels);
+	strbuf_release(&out);
 }
 
 static void show_shortstats(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
@@ -1733,7 +2797,7 @@ static void show_shortstats(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *option
 
 	for (i = 0; i < data->nr; i++) {
 		int added = data->files[i]->added;
-		int deleted= data->files[i]->deleted;
+		int deleted = data->files[i]->deleted;
 
 		if (data->files[i]->is_unmerged ||
 		    (!data->files[i]->is_interesting && (added + deleted == 0))) {
@@ -1743,8 +2807,7 @@ static void show_shortstats(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *option
 			dels += deleted;
 		}
 	}
-	fprintf(options->file, "%s", diff_line_prefix(options));
-	print_stat_summary(options->file, total_files, adds, dels);
+	print_stat_summary_inserts_deletes(options, total_files, adds, dels);
 }
 
 static void show_numstat(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
@@ -1797,14 +2860,14 @@ struct dirstat_dir {
 static long gather_dirstat(struct diff_options *opt, struct dirstat_dir *dir,
 		unsigned long changed, const char *base, int baselen)
 {
-	unsigned long this_dir = 0;
+	unsigned long sum_changes = 0;
 	unsigned int sources = 0;
 	const char *line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(opt);
 
 	while (dir->nr) {
 		struct dirstat_file *f = dir->files;
 		int namelen = strlen(f->name);
-		unsigned long this;
+		unsigned long changes;
 		char *slash;
 
 		if (namelen < baselen)
@@ -1814,15 +2877,15 @@ static long gather_dirstat(struct diff_options *opt, struct dirstat_dir *dir,
 		slash = strchr(f->name + baselen, '/');
 		if (slash) {
 			int newbaselen = slash + 1 - f->name;
-			this = gather_dirstat(opt, dir, changed, f->name, newbaselen);
+			changes = gather_dirstat(opt, dir, changed, f->name, newbaselen);
 			sources++;
 		} else {
-			this = f->changed;
+			changes = f->changed;
 			dir->files++;
 			dir->nr--;
 			sources += 2;
 		}
-		this_dir += this;
+		sum_changes += changes;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -1832,8 +2895,8 @@ static long gather_dirstat(struct diff_options *opt, struct dirstat_dir *dir,
 	 *    under this directory (sources == 1).
 	 */
 	if (baselen && sources != 1) {
-		if (this_dir) {
-			int permille = this_dir * 1000 / changed;
+		if (sum_changes) {
+			int permille = sum_changes * 1000 / changed;
 			if (permille >= dir->permille) {
 				fprintf(opt->file, "%s%4d.%01d%% %.*s\n", line_prefix,
 					permille / 10, permille % 10, baselen, base);
@@ -1842,7 +2905,7 @@ static long gather_dirstat(struct diff_options *opt, struct dirstat_dir *dir,
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	return this_dir;
+	return sum_changes;
 }
 
 static int dirstat_compare(const void *_a, const void *_b)
@@ -1863,7 +2926,7 @@ static void show_dirstat(struct diff_options *options)
 	dir.alloc = 0;
 	dir.nr = 0;
 	dir.permille = options->dirstat_permille;
-	dir.cumulative = DIFF_OPT_TST(options, DIRSTAT_CUMULATIVE);
+	dir.cumulative = options->flags.dirstat_cumulative;
 
 	changed = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
@@ -1874,8 +2937,8 @@ static void show_dirstat(struct diff_options *options)
 
 		name = p->two->path ? p->two->path : p->one->path;
 
-		if (p->one->sha1_valid && p->two->sha1_valid)
-			content_changed = hashcmp(p->one->sha1, p->two->sha1);
+		if (p->one->oid_valid && p->two->oid_valid)
+			content_changed = oidcmp(&p->one->oid, &p->two->oid);
 		else
 			content_changed = 1;
 
@@ -1889,7 +2952,7 @@ static void show_dirstat(struct diff_options *options)
 			goto found_damage;
 		}
 
-		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, DIRSTAT_BY_FILE)) {
+		if (options->flags.dirstat_by_file) {
 			/*
 			 * In --dirstat-by-file mode, we don't really need to
 			 * look at the actual file contents at all.
@@ -1904,7 +2967,7 @@ static void show_dirstat(struct diff_options *options)
 		if (DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->one) && DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two)) {
 			diff_populate_filespec(p->one, 0);
 			diff_populate_filespec(p->two, 0);
-			diffcore_count_changes(p->one, p->two, NULL, NULL, 0,
+			diffcore_count_changes(p->one, p->two, NULL, NULL,
 					       &copied, &added);
 			diff_free_filespec_data(p->one);
 			diff_free_filespec_data(p->two);
@@ -1947,7 +3010,7 @@ found_damage:
 		return;
 
 	/* Show all directories with more than x% of the changes */
-	qsort(dir.files, dir.nr, sizeof(dir.files[0]), dirstat_compare);
+	QSORT(dir.files, dir.nr, dirstat_compare);
 	gather_dirstat(options, &dir, changed, "", 0);
 }
 
@@ -1964,7 +3027,7 @@ static void show_dirstat_by_line(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *o
 	dir.alloc = 0;
 	dir.nr = 0;
 	dir.permille = options->dirstat_permille;
-	dir.cumulative = DIFF_OPT_TST(options, DIRSTAT_CUMULATIVE);
+	dir.cumulative = options->flags.dirstat_cumulative;
 
 	changed = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < data->nr; i++) {
@@ -1978,7 +3041,7 @@ static void show_dirstat_by_line(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *o
 			 * bytes per "line".
 			 * This is stupid and ugly, but very cheap...
 			 */
-			damage = (damage + 63) / 64;
+			damage = DIV_ROUND_UP(damage, 64);
 		ALLOC_GROW(dir.files, dir.nr + 1, dir.alloc);
 		dir.files[dir.nr].name = file->name;
 		dir.files[dir.nr].changed = damage;
@@ -1991,7 +3054,7 @@ static void show_dirstat_by_line(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *o
 		return;
 
 	/* Show all directories with more than x% of the changes */
-	qsort(dir.files, dir.nr, sizeof(dir.files[0]), dirstat_compare);
+	QSORT(dir.files, dir.nr, dirstat_compare);
 	gather_dirstat(options, &dir, changed, "", 0);
 }
 
@@ -2000,8 +3063,7 @@ static void free_diffstat_info(struct diffstat_t *diffstat)
 	int i;
 	for (i = 0; i < diffstat->nr; i++) {
 		struct diffstat_file *f = diffstat->files[i];
-		if (f->name != f->print_name)
-			free(f->print_name);
+		free(f->print_name);
 		free(f->name);
 		free(f->from_name);
 		free(f);
@@ -2108,8 +3170,8 @@ static unsigned char *deflate_it(char *data,
 	return deflated;
 }
 
-static void emit_binary_diff_body(FILE *file, mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two,
-				  const char *prefix)
+static void emit_binary_diff_body(struct diff_options *o,
+				  mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two)
 {
 	void *cp;
 	void *delta;
@@ -2138,13 +3200,18 @@ static void emit_binary_diff_body(FILE *file, mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two,
 	}
 
 	if (delta && delta_size < deflate_size) {
-		fprintf(file, "%sdelta %lu\n", prefix, orig_size);
+		char *s = xstrfmt("%lu", orig_size);
+		emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_DIFF_HEADER_DELTA,
+				 s, strlen(s), 0);
+		free(s);
 		free(deflated);
 		data = delta;
 		data_size = delta_size;
-	}
-	else {
-		fprintf(file, "%sliteral %lu\n", prefix, two->size);
+	} else {
+		char *s = xstrfmt("%lu", two->size);
+		emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_DIFF_HEADER_LITERAL,
+				 s, strlen(s), 0);
+		free(s);
 		free(delta);
 		data = deflated;
 		data_size = deflate_size;
@@ -2153,8 +3220,9 @@ static void emit_binary_diff_body(FILE *file, mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two,
 	/* emit data encoded in base85 */
 	cp = data;
 	while (data_size) {
+		int len;
 		int bytes = (52 < data_size) ? 52 : data_size;
-		char line[70];
+		char line[71];
 		data_size -= bytes;
 		if (bytes <= 26)
 			line[0] = bytes + 'A' - 1;
@@ -2162,20 +3230,24 @@ static void emit_binary_diff_body(FILE *file, mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two,
 			line[0] = bytes - 26 + 'a' - 1;
 		encode_85(line + 1, cp, bytes);
 		cp = (char *) cp + bytes;
-		fprintf(file, "%s", prefix);
-		fputs(line, file);
-		fputc('\n', file);
+
+		len = strlen(line);
+		line[len++] = '\n';
+		line[len] = '\0';
+
+		emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_DIFF_BODY,
+				 line, len, 0);
 	}
-	fprintf(file, "%s\n", prefix);
+	emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_DIFF_FOOTER, NULL, 0, 0);
 	free(data);
 }
 
-static void emit_binary_diff(FILE *file, mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two,
-			     const char *prefix)
+static void emit_binary_diff(struct diff_options *o,
+			     mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two)
 {
-	fprintf(file, "%sGIT binary patch\n", prefix);
-	emit_binary_diff_body(file, one, two, prefix);
-	emit_binary_diff_body(file, two, one, prefix);
+	emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_DIFF_HEADER, NULL, 0, 0);
+	emit_binary_diff_body(o, one, two);
+	emit_binary_diff_body(o, two, one);
 }
 
 int diff_filespec_is_binary(struct diff_filespec *one)
@@ -2240,25 +3312,8 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 	struct strbuf header = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(o);
 
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, SUBMODULE_LOG) &&
-			(!one->mode || S_ISGITLINK(one->mode)) &&
-			(!two->mode || S_ISGITLINK(two->mode))) {
-		const char *del = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
-		const char *add = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
-		show_submodule_summary(o->file, one->path ? one->path : two->path,
-				line_prefix,
-				one->sha1, two->sha1, two->dirty_submodule,
-				meta, del, add, reset);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, ALLOW_TEXTCONV)) {
-		textconv_one = get_textconv(one);
-		textconv_two = get_textconv(two);
-	}
-
 	diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(o, "a/", "b/");
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, REVERSE_DIFF)) {
+	if (o->flags.reverse_diff) {
 		a_prefix = o->b_prefix;
 		b_prefix = o->a_prefix;
 	} else {
@@ -2266,6 +3321,27 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 		b_prefix = o->b_prefix;
 	}
 
+	if (o->submodule_format == DIFF_SUBMODULE_LOG &&
+	    (!one->mode || S_ISGITLINK(one->mode)) &&
+	    (!two->mode || S_ISGITLINK(two->mode))) {
+		show_submodule_summary(o, one->path ? one->path : two->path,
+				&one->oid, &two->oid,
+				two->dirty_submodule);
+		return;
+	} else if (o->submodule_format == DIFF_SUBMODULE_INLINE_DIFF &&
+		   (!one->mode || S_ISGITLINK(one->mode)) &&
+		   (!two->mode || S_ISGITLINK(two->mode))) {
+		show_submodule_inline_diff(o, one->path ? one->path : two->path,
+				&one->oid, &two->oid,
+				two->dirty_submodule);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (o->flags.allow_textconv) {
+		textconv_one = get_textconv(one);
+		textconv_two = get_textconv(two);
+	}
+
 	/* Never use a non-valid filename anywhere if at all possible */
 	name_a = DIFF_FILE_VALID(one) ? name_a : name_b;
 	name_b = DIFF_FILE_VALID(two) ? name_b : name_a;
@@ -2306,7 +3382,8 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 		if (complete_rewrite &&
 		    (textconv_one || !diff_filespec_is_binary(one)) &&
 		    (textconv_two || !diff_filespec_is_binary(two))) {
-			fprintf(o->file, "%s", header.buf);
+			emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_HEADER,
+					 header.buf, header.len, 0);
 			strbuf_reset(&header);
 			emit_rewrite_diff(name_a, name_b, one, two,
 						textconv_one, textconv_two, o);
@@ -2316,23 +3393,31 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 	}
 
 	if (o->irreversible_delete && lbl[1][0] == '/') {
-		fprintf(o->file, "%s", header.buf);
+		emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_HEADER, header.buf,
+				 header.len, 0);
 		strbuf_reset(&header);
 		goto free_ab_and_return;
-	} else if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(o, TEXT) &&
+	} else if (!o->flags.text &&
 	    ( (!textconv_one && diff_filespec_is_binary(one)) ||
 	      (!textconv_two && diff_filespec_is_binary(two)) )) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 		if (!one->data && !two->data &&
 		    S_ISREG(one->mode) && S_ISREG(two->mode) &&
-		    !DIFF_OPT_TST(o, BINARY)) {
-			if (!hashcmp(one->sha1, two->sha1)) {
+		    !o->flags.binary) {
+			if (!oidcmp(&one->oid, &two->oid)) {
 				if (must_show_header)
-					fprintf(o->file, "%s", header.buf);
+					emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_HEADER,
+							 header.buf, header.len,
+							 0);
 				goto free_ab_and_return;
 			}
-			fprintf(o->file, "%s", header.buf);
-			fprintf(o->file, "%sBinary files %s and %s differ\n",
-				line_prefix, lbl[0], lbl[1]);
+			emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_HEADER,
+					 header.buf, header.len, 0);
+			strbuf_addf(&sb, "%sBinary files %s and %s differ\n",
+				    diff_line_prefix(o), lbl[0], lbl[1]);
+			emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_FILES,
+					 sb.buf, sb.len, 0);
+			strbuf_release(&sb);
 			goto free_ab_and_return;
 		}
 		if (fill_mmfile(&mf1, one) < 0 || fill_mmfile(&mf2, two) < 0)
@@ -2341,16 +3426,21 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 		if (mf1.size == mf2.size &&
 		    !memcmp(mf1.ptr, mf2.ptr, mf1.size)) {
 			if (must_show_header)
-				fprintf(o->file, "%s", header.buf);
+				emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_HEADER,
+						 header.buf, header.len, 0);
 			goto free_ab_and_return;
 		}
-		fprintf(o->file, "%s", header.buf);
+		emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_HEADER, header.buf, header.len, 0);
 		strbuf_reset(&header);
-		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, BINARY))
-			emit_binary_diff(o->file, &mf1, &mf2, line_prefix);
-		else
-			fprintf(o->file, "%sBinary files %s and %s differ\n",
-				line_prefix, lbl[0], lbl[1]);
+		if (o->flags.binary)
+			emit_binary_diff(o, &mf1, &mf2);
+		else {
+			strbuf_addf(&sb, "%sBinary files %s and %s differ\n",
+				    diff_line_prefix(o), lbl[0], lbl[1]);
+			emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_BINARY_FILES,
+					 sb.buf, sb.len, 0);
+			strbuf_release(&sb);
+		}
 		o->found_changes = 1;
 	} else {
 		/* Crazy xdl interfaces.. */
@@ -2362,7 +3452,8 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 		const struct userdiff_funcname *pe;
 
 		if (must_show_header) {
-			fprintf(o->file, "%s", header.buf);
+			emit_diff_symbol(o, DIFF_SYMBOL_HEADER,
+					 header.buf, header.len, 0);
 			strbuf_reset(&header);
 		}
 
@@ -2376,19 +3467,23 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 		memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
 		memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
 		memset(&ecbdata, 0, sizeof(ecbdata));
+		if (o->flags.suppress_diff_headers)
+			lbl[0] = NULL;
 		ecbdata.label_path = lbl;
 		ecbdata.color_diff = want_color(o->use_color);
-		ecbdata.found_changesp = &o->found_changes;
 		ecbdata.ws_rule = whitespace_rule(name_b);
 		if (ecbdata.ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF)
 			check_blank_at_eof(&mf1, &mf2, &ecbdata);
 		ecbdata.opt = o;
-		ecbdata.header = header.len ? &header : NULL;
+		if (header.len && !o->flags.suppress_diff_headers)
+			ecbdata.header = &header;
 		xpp.flags = o->xdl_opts;
+		xpp.anchors = o->anchors;
+		xpp.anchors_nr = o->anchors_nr;
 		xecfg.ctxlen = o->context;
 		xecfg.interhunkctxlen = o->interhunkcontext;
 		xecfg.flags = XDL_EMIT_FUNCNAMES;
-		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, FUNCCONTEXT))
+		if (o->flags.funccontext)
 			xecfg.flags |= XDL_EMIT_FUNCCONTEXT;
 		if (pe)
 			xdiff_set_find_func(&xecfg, pe->pattern, pe->cflags);
@@ -2400,8 +3495,9 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 			xecfg.ctxlen = strtoul(v, NULL, 10);
 		if (o->word_diff)
 			init_diff_words_data(&ecbdata, o, one, two);
-		xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, fn_out_consume, &ecbdata,
-			      &xpp, &xecfg);
+		if (xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, fn_out_consume, &ecbdata,
+				  &xpp, &xecfg))
+			die("unable to generate diff for %s", one->path);
 		if (o->word_diff)
 			free_diff_words_data(&ecbdata);
 		if (textconv_one)
@@ -2420,6 +3516,32 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 	return;
 }
 
+static char *get_compact_summary(const struct diff_filepair *p, int is_renamed)
+{
+	if (!is_renamed) {
+		if (p->status == DIFF_STATUS_ADDED) {
+			if (S_ISLNK(p->two->mode))
+				return "new +l";
+			else if ((p->two->mode & 0777) == 0755)
+				return "new +x";
+			else
+				return "new";
+		} else if (p->status == DIFF_STATUS_DELETED)
+			return "gone";
+	}
+	if (S_ISLNK(p->one->mode) && !S_ISLNK(p->two->mode))
+		return "mode -l";
+	else if (!S_ISLNK(p->one->mode) && S_ISLNK(p->two->mode))
+		return "mode +l";
+	else if ((p->one->mode & 0777) == 0644 &&
+		 (p->two->mode & 0777) == 0755)
+		return "mode +x";
+	else if ((p->one->mode & 0777) == 0755 &&
+		 (p->two->mode & 0777) == 0644)
+		return "mode -x";
+	return NULL;
+}
+
 static void builtin_diffstat(const char *name_a, const char *name_b,
 			     struct diff_filespec *one,
 			     struct diff_filespec *two,
@@ -2439,13 +3561,15 @@ static void builtin_diffstat(const char *name_a, const char *name_b,
 
 	data = diffstat_add(diffstat, name_a, name_b);
 	data->is_interesting = p->status != DIFF_STATUS_UNKNOWN;
+	if (o->flags.stat_with_summary)
+		data->comments = get_compact_summary(p, data->is_renamed);
 
 	if (!one || !two) {
 		data->is_unmerged = 1;
 		return;
 	}
 
-	same_contents = !hashcmp(one->sha1, two->sha1);
+	same_contents = !oidcmp(&one->oid, &two->oid);
 
 	if (diff_filespec_is_binary(one) || diff_filespec_is_binary(two)) {
 		data->is_binary = 1;
@@ -2476,10 +3600,13 @@ static void builtin_diffstat(const char *name_a, const char *name_b,
 		memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
 		memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
 		xpp.flags = o->xdl_opts;
+		xpp.anchors = o->anchors;
+		xpp.anchors_nr = o->anchors_nr;
 		xecfg.ctxlen = o->context;
 		xecfg.interhunkctxlen = o->interhunkcontext;
-		xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, diffstat_consume, diffstat,
-			      &xpp, &xecfg);
+		if (xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, diffstat_consume, diffstat,
+				  &xpp, &xecfg))
+			die("unable to generate diffstat for %s", one->path);
 	}
 
 	diff_free_filespec_data(one);
@@ -2525,8 +3652,9 @@ static void builtin_checkdiff(const char *name_a, const char *name_b,
 		memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
 		xecfg.ctxlen = 1; /* at least one context line */
 		xpp.flags = 0;
-		xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, checkdiff_consume, &data,
-			      &xpp, &xecfg);
+		if (xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, checkdiff_consume, &data,
+				  &xpp, &xecfg))
+			die("unable to generate checkdiff for %s", one->path);
 
 		if (data.ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF) {
 			struct emit_callback ecbdata;
@@ -2550,17 +3678,14 @@ static void builtin_checkdiff(const char *name_a, const char *name_b,
 	diff_free_filespec_data(one);
 	diff_free_filespec_data(two);
 	if (data.status)
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(o, CHECK_FAILED);
+		o->flags.check_failed = 1;
 }
 
 struct diff_filespec *alloc_filespec(const char *path)
 {
-	int namelen = strlen(path);
-	struct diff_filespec *spec = xmalloc(sizeof(*spec) + namelen + 1);
+	struct diff_filespec *spec;
 
-	memset(spec, 0, sizeof(*spec));
-	spec->path = (char *)(spec + 1);
-	memcpy(spec->path, path, namelen+1);
+	FLEXPTR_ALLOC_STR(spec, path, path);
 	spec->count = 1;
 	spec->is_binary = -1;
 	return spec;
@@ -2574,13 +3699,13 @@ void free_filespec(struct diff_filespec *spec)
 	}
 }
 
-void fill_filespec(struct diff_filespec *spec, const unsigned char *sha1,
-		   int sha1_valid, unsigned short mode)
+void fill_filespec(struct diff_filespec *spec, const struct object_id *oid,
+		   int oid_valid, unsigned short mode)
 {
 	if (mode) {
 		spec->mode = canon_mode(mode);
-		hashcpy(spec->sha1, sha1);
-		spec->sha1_valid = sha1_valid;
+		oidcpy(&spec->oid, oid);
+		spec->oid_valid = oid_valid;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2589,7 +3714,7 @@ void fill_filespec(struct diff_filespec *spec, const unsigned char *sha1,
  * the work tree has that object contents, return true, so that
  * prepare_temp_file() does not have to inflate and extract.
  */
-static int reuse_worktree_file(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1, int want_file)
+static int reuse_worktree_file(const char *name, const struct object_id *oid, int want_file)
 {
 	const struct cache_entry *ce;
 	struct stat st;
@@ -2620,7 +3745,14 @@ static int reuse_worktree_file(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1, int
 	 * objects however would tend to be slower as they need
 	 * to be individually opened and inflated.
 	 */
-	if (!FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY && !want_file && has_sha1_pack(sha1))
+	if (!FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY && !want_file && has_object_pack(oid))
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Similarly, if we'd have to convert the file contents anyway, that
+	 * makes the optimization not worthwhile.
+	 */
+	if (!want_file && would_convert_to_git(&the_index, name))
 		return 0;
 
 	len = strlen(name);
@@ -2633,7 +3765,7 @@ static int reuse_worktree_file(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1, int
 	 * This is not the sha1 we are looking for, or
 	 * unreusable because it is not a regular file.
 	 */
-	if (hashcmp(sha1, ce->sha1) || !S_ISREG(ce->ce_mode))
+	if (oidcmp(oid, &ce->oid) || !S_ISREG(ce->ce_mode))
 		return 0;
 
 	/*
@@ -2655,21 +3787,22 @@ static int reuse_worktree_file(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1, int
 
 static int diff_populate_gitlink(struct diff_filespec *s, int size_only)
 {
-	int len;
-	char *data = xmalloc(100), *dirty = "";
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *dirty = "";
 
 	/* Are we looking at the work tree? */
 	if (s->dirty_submodule)
 		dirty = "-dirty";
 
-	len = snprintf(data, 100,
-		       "Subproject commit %s%s\n", sha1_to_hex(s->sha1), dirty);
-	s->data = data;
-	s->size = len;
-	s->should_free = 1;
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "Subproject commit %s%s\n",
+		    oid_to_hex(&s->oid), dirty);
+	s->size = buf.len;
 	if (size_only) {
 		s->data = NULL;
-		free(data);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+	} else {
+		s->data = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+		s->should_free = 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -2683,13 +3816,13 @@ int diff_populate_filespec(struct diff_filespec *s, unsigned int flags)
 {
 	int size_only = flags & CHECK_SIZE_ONLY;
 	int err = 0;
+	int conv_flags = global_conv_flags_eol;
 	/*
 	 * demote FAIL to WARN to allow inspecting the situation
 	 * instead of refusing.
 	 */
-	enum safe_crlf crlf_warn = (safe_crlf == SAFE_CRLF_FAIL
-				    ? SAFE_CRLF_WARN
-				    : safe_crlf);
+	if (conv_flags & CONV_EOL_RNDTRP_DIE)
+		conv_flags = CONV_EOL_RNDTRP_WARN;
 
 	if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(s))
 		die("internal error: asking to populate invalid file.");
@@ -2705,21 +3838,19 @@ int diff_populate_filespec(struct diff_filespec *s, unsigned int flags)
 	if (S_ISGITLINK(s->mode))
 		return diff_populate_gitlink(s, size_only);
 
-	if (!s->sha1_valid ||
-	    reuse_worktree_file(s->path, s->sha1, 0)) {
+	if (!s->oid_valid ||
+	    reuse_worktree_file(s->path, &s->oid, 0)) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		struct stat st;
 		int fd;
 
 		if (lstat(s->path, &st) < 0) {
-			if (errno == ENOENT) {
-			err_empty:
-				err = -1;
-			empty:
-				s->data = (char *)"";
-				s->size = 0;
-				return err;
-			}
+		err_empty:
+			err = -1;
+		empty:
+			s->data = (char *)"";
+			s->size = 0;
+			return err;
 		}
 		s->size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
 		if (!s->size)
@@ -2734,8 +3865,25 @@ int diff_populate_filespec(struct diff_filespec *s, unsigned int flags)
 			s->should_free = 1;
 			return 0;
 		}
-		if (size_only)
+
+		/*
+		 * Even if the caller would be happy with getting
+		 * only the size, we cannot return early at this
+		 * point if the path requires us to run the content
+		 * conversion.
+		 */
+		if (size_only && !would_convert_to_git(&the_index, s->path))
 			return 0;
+
+		/*
+		 * Note: this check uses xsize_t(st.st_size) that may
+		 * not be the true size of the blob after it goes
+		 * through convert_to_git().  This may not strictly be
+		 * correct, but the whole point of big_file_threshold
+		 * and is_binary check being that we want to avoid
+		 * opening the file and inspecting the contents, this
+		 * is probably fine.
+		 */
 		if ((flags & CHECK_BINARY) &&
 		    s->size > big_file_threshold && s->is_binary == -1) {
 			s->is_binary = 1;
@@ -2751,7 +3899,7 @@ int diff_populate_filespec(struct diff_filespec *s, unsigned int flags)
 		/*
 		 * Convert from working tree format to canonical git format
 		 */
-		if (convert_to_git(s->path, s->data, s->size, &buf, crlf_warn)) {
+		if (convert_to_git(&the_index, s->path, s->data, s->size, &buf, conv_flags)) {
 			size_t size = 0;
 			munmap(s->data, s->size);
 			s->should_munmap = 0;
@@ -2763,9 +3911,11 @@ int diff_populate_filespec(struct diff_filespec *s, unsigned int flags)
 	else {
 		enum object_type type;
 		if (size_only || (flags & CHECK_BINARY)) {
-			type = sha1_object_info(s->sha1, &s->size);
+			type = oid_object_info(the_repository, &s->oid,
+					       &s->size);
 			if (type < 0)
-				die("unable to read %s", sha1_to_hex(s->sha1));
+				die("unable to read %s",
+				    oid_to_hex(&s->oid));
 			if (size_only)
 				return 0;
 			if (s->size > big_file_threshold && s->is_binary == -1) {
@@ -2773,9 +3923,9 @@ int diff_populate_filespec(struct diff_filespec *s, unsigned int flags)
 				return 0;
 			}
 		}
-		s->data = read_sha1_file(s->sha1, &type, &s->size);
+		s->data = read_object_file(&s->oid, &type, &s->size);
 		if (!s->data)
-			die("unable to read %s", sha1_to_hex(s->sha1));
+			die("unable to read %s", oid_to_hex(&s->oid));
 		s->should_free = 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -2797,44 +3947,40 @@ void diff_free_filespec_blob(struct diff_filespec *s)
 void diff_free_filespec_data(struct diff_filespec *s)
 {
 	diff_free_filespec_blob(s);
-	free(s->cnt_data);
-	s->cnt_data = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(s->cnt_data);
 }
 
 static void prep_temp_blob(const char *path, struct diff_tempfile *temp,
 			   void *blob,
 			   unsigned long size,
-			   const unsigned char *sha1,
+			   const struct object_id *oid,
 			   int mode)
 {
-	int fd;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf template = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf tempfile = STRBUF_INIT;
 	char *path_dup = xstrdup(path);
 	const char *base = basename(path_dup);
 
 	/* Generate "XXXXXX_basename.ext" */
-	strbuf_addstr(&template, "XXXXXX_");
-	strbuf_addstr(&template, base);
+	strbuf_addstr(&tempfile, "XXXXXX_");
+	strbuf_addstr(&tempfile, base);
 
-	fd = git_mkstemps(temp->tmp_path, PATH_MAX, template.buf,
-			strlen(base) + 1);
-	if (fd < 0)
+	temp->tempfile = mks_tempfile_ts(tempfile.buf, strlen(base) + 1);
+	if (!temp->tempfile)
 		die_errno("unable to create temp-file");
-	if (convert_to_working_tree(path,
+	if (convert_to_working_tree(&the_index, path,
 			(const char *)blob, (size_t)size, &buf)) {
 		blob = buf.buf;
 		size = buf.len;
 	}
-	if (write_in_full(fd, blob, size) != size)
+	if (write_in_full(temp->tempfile->fd, blob, size) < 0 ||
+	    close_tempfile_gently(temp->tempfile))
 		die_errno("unable to write temp-file");
-	close(fd);
-	temp->name = temp->tmp_path;
-	strcpy(temp->hex, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	temp->hex[40] = 0;
-	sprintf(temp->mode, "%06o", mode);
+	temp->name = get_tempfile_path(temp->tempfile);
+	oid_to_hex_r(temp->hex, oid);
+	xsnprintf(temp->mode, sizeof(temp->mode), "%06o", mode);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	strbuf_release(&template);
+	strbuf_release(&tempfile);
 	free(path_dup);
 }
 
@@ -2849,20 +3995,14 @@ static struct diff_tempfile *prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
 		 * a '+' entry produces this for file-1.
 		 */
 		temp->name = "/dev/null";
-		strcpy(temp->hex, ".");
-		strcpy(temp->mode, ".");
+		xsnprintf(temp->hex, sizeof(temp->hex), ".");
+		xsnprintf(temp->mode, sizeof(temp->mode), ".");
 		return temp;
 	}
 
-	if (!remove_tempfile_installed) {
-		atexit(remove_tempfile);
-		sigchain_push_common(remove_tempfile_on_signal);
-		remove_tempfile_installed = 1;
-	}
-
 	if (!S_ISGITLINK(one->mode) &&
-	    (!one->sha1_valid ||
-	     reuse_worktree_file(name, one->sha1, 1))) {
+	    (!one->oid_valid ||
+	     reuse_worktree_file(name, &one->oid, 1))) {
 		struct stat st;
 		if (lstat(name, &st) < 0) {
 			if (errno == ENOENT)
@@ -2874,26 +4014,26 @@ static struct diff_tempfile *prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
 			if (strbuf_readlink(&sb, name, st.st_size) < 0)
 				die_errno("readlink(%s)", name);
 			prep_temp_blob(name, temp, sb.buf, sb.len,
-				       (one->sha1_valid ?
-					one->sha1 : null_sha1),
-				       (one->sha1_valid ?
+				       (one->oid_valid ?
+					&one->oid : &null_oid),
+				       (one->oid_valid ?
 					one->mode : S_IFLNK));
 			strbuf_release(&sb);
 		}
 		else {
 			/* we can borrow from the file in the work tree */
 			temp->name = name;
-			if (!one->sha1_valid)
-				strcpy(temp->hex, sha1_to_hex(null_sha1));
+			if (!one->oid_valid)
+				oid_to_hex_r(temp->hex, &null_oid);
 			else
-				strcpy(temp->hex, sha1_to_hex(one->sha1));
+				oid_to_hex_r(temp->hex, &one->oid);
 			/* Even though we may sometimes borrow the
 			 * contents from the work tree, we always want
 			 * one->mode.  mode is trustworthy even when
-			 * !(one->sha1_valid), as long as
+			 * !(one->oid_valid), as long as
 			 * DIFF_FILE_VALID(one).
 			 */
-			sprintf(temp->mode, "%06o", one->mode);
+			xsnprintf(temp->mode, sizeof(temp->mode), "%06o", one->mode);
 		}
 		return temp;
 	}
@@ -2901,7 +4041,7 @@ static struct diff_tempfile *prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
 		if (diff_populate_filespec(one, 0))
 			die("cannot read data blob for %s", one->path);
 		prep_temp_blob(name, temp, one->data, one->size,
-			       one->sha1, one->mode);
+			       &one->oid, one->mode);
 	}
 	return temp;
 }
@@ -2965,6 +4105,22 @@ static int similarity_index(struct diff_filepair *p)
 	return p->score * 100 / MAX_SCORE;
 }
 
+static const char *diff_abbrev_oid(const struct object_id *oid, int abbrev)
+{
+	if (startup_info->have_repository)
+		return find_unique_abbrev(oid, abbrev);
+	else {
+		char *hex = oid_to_hex(oid);
+		if (abbrev < 0)
+			abbrev = FALLBACK_DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+		if (abbrev > the_hash_algo->hexsz)
+			BUG("oid abbreviation out of range: %d", abbrev);
+		if (abbrev)
+			hex[abbrev] = '\0';
+		return hex;
+	}
+}
+
 static void fill_metainfo(struct strbuf *msg,
 			  const char *name,
 			  const char *other,
@@ -3014,18 +4170,19 @@ static void fill_metainfo(struct strbuf *msg,
 	default:
 		*must_show_header = 0;
 	}
-	if (one && two && hashcmp(one->sha1, two->sha1)) {
-		int abbrev = DIFF_OPT_TST(o, FULL_INDEX) ? 40 : DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+	if (one && two && oidcmp(&one->oid, &two->oid)) {
+		const unsigned hexsz = the_hash_algo->hexsz;
+		int abbrev = o->flags.full_index ? hexsz : DEFAULT_ABBREV;
 
-		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, BINARY)) {
+		if (o->flags.binary) {
 			mmfile_t mf;
 			if ((!fill_mmfile(&mf, one) && diff_filespec_is_binary(one)) ||
 			    (!fill_mmfile(&mf, two) && diff_filespec_is_binary(two)))
-				abbrev = 40;
+				abbrev = hexsz;
 		}
-		strbuf_addf(msg, "%s%sindex %s..", line_prefix, set,
-			    find_unique_abbrev(one->sha1, abbrev));
-		strbuf_addstr(msg, find_unique_abbrev(two->sha1, abbrev));
+		strbuf_addf(msg, "%s%sindex %s..%s", line_prefix, set,
+			    diff_abbrev_oid(&one->oid, abbrev),
+			    diff_abbrev_oid(&two->oid, abbrev));
 		if (one->mode == two->mode)
 			strbuf_addf(msg, " %06o", one->mode);
 		strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\n", reset);
@@ -3047,7 +4204,7 @@ static void run_diff_cmd(const char *pgm,
 	int must_show_header = 0;
 
 
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, ALLOW_EXTERNAL)) {
+	if (o->flags.allow_external) {
 		struct userdiff_driver *drv = userdiff_find_by_path(attr_path);
 		if (drv && drv->external)
 			pgm = drv->external;
@@ -3077,23 +4234,23 @@ static void run_diff_cmd(const char *pgm,
 		fprintf(o->file, "* Unmerged path %s\n", name);
 }
 
-static void diff_fill_sha1_info(struct diff_filespec *one)
+static void diff_fill_oid_info(struct diff_filespec *one)
 {
 	if (DIFF_FILE_VALID(one)) {
-		if (!one->sha1_valid) {
+		if (!one->oid_valid) {
 			struct stat st;
 			if (one->is_stdin) {
-				hashcpy(one->sha1, null_sha1);
+				oidclr(&one->oid);
 				return;
 			}
 			if (lstat(one->path, &st) < 0)
 				die_errno("stat '%s'", one->path);
-			if (index_path(one->sha1, one->path, &st, 0))
+			if (index_path(&one->oid, one->path, &st, 0))
 				die("cannot hash %s", one->path);
 		}
 	}
 	else
-		hashclr(one->sha1);
+		oidclr(&one->oid);
 }
 
 static void strip_prefix(int prefix_length, const char **namep, const char **otherp)
@@ -3121,13 +4278,13 @@ static void run_diff(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o)
 	const char *other;
 	const char *attr_path;
 
-	name  = p->one->path;
-	other = (strcmp(name, p->two->path) ? p->two->path : NULL);
+	name  = one->path;
+	other = (strcmp(name, two->path) ? two->path : NULL);
 	attr_path = name;
 	if (o->prefix_length)
 		strip_prefix(o->prefix_length, &name, &other);
 
-	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(o, ALLOW_EXTERNAL))
+	if (!o->flags.allow_external)
 		pgm = NULL;
 
 	if (DIFF_PAIR_UNMERGED(p)) {
@@ -3136,8 +4293,8 @@ static void run_diff(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	diff_fill_sha1_info(one);
-	diff_fill_sha1_info(two);
+	diff_fill_oid_info(one);
+	diff_fill_oid_info(two);
 
 	if (!pgm &&
 	    DIFF_FILE_VALID(one) && DIFF_FILE_VALID(two) &&
@@ -3182,8 +4339,8 @@ static void run_diffstat(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o,
 	if (o->prefix_length)
 		strip_prefix(o->prefix_length, &name, &other);
 
-	diff_fill_sha1_info(p->one);
-	diff_fill_sha1_info(p->two);
+	diff_fill_oid_info(p->one);
+	diff_fill_oid_info(p->two);
 
 	builtin_diffstat(name, other, p->one, p->two, diffstat, o, p);
 }
@@ -3206,8 +4363,8 @@ static void run_checkdiff(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o)
 	if (o->prefix_length)
 		strip_prefix(o->prefix_length, &name, &other);
 
-	diff_fill_sha1_info(p->one);
-	diff_fill_sha1_info(p->two);
+	diff_fill_oid_info(p->one);
+	diff_fill_oid_info(p->two);
 
 	builtin_checkdiff(name, other, attr_path, p->one, p->two, o);
 }
@@ -3218,12 +4375,16 @@ void diff_setup(struct diff_options *options)
 
 	options->file = stdout;
 
+	options->abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
 	options->line_termination = '\n';
 	options->break_opt = -1;
 	options->rename_limit = -1;
 	options->dirstat_permille = diff_dirstat_permille_default;
 	options->context = diff_context_default;
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(options, RENAME_EMPTY);
+	options->interhunkcontext = diff_interhunk_context_default;
+	options->ws_error_highlight = ws_error_highlight_default;
+	options->flags.rename_empty = 1;
+	options->objfind = NULL;
 
 	/* pathchange left =NULL by default */
 	options->change = diff_change;
@@ -3231,6 +4392,8 @@ void diff_setup(struct diff_options *options)
 	options->use_color = diff_use_color_default;
 	options->detect_rename = diff_detect_rename_default;
 	options->xdl_opts |= diff_algorithm;
+	if (diff_indent_heuristic)
+		DIFF_XDL_SET(options, INDENT_HEURISTIC);
 
 	options->orderfile = diff_order_file_cfg;
 
@@ -3240,25 +4403,31 @@ void diff_setup(struct diff_options *options)
 		options->a_prefix = "a/";
 		options->b_prefix = "b/";
 	}
+
+	options->color_moved = diff_color_moved_default;
+	options->color_moved_ws_handling = diff_color_moved_ws_default;
 }
 
 void diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *options)
 {
-	int count = 0;
+	unsigned check_mask = DIFF_FORMAT_NAME |
+			      DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS |
+			      DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF |
+			      DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
+	/*
+	 * This must be signed because we're comparing against a potentially
+	 * negative value.
+	 */
+	const int hexsz = the_hash_algo->hexsz;
 
 	if (options->set_default)
 		options->set_default(options);
 
-	if (options->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_NAME)
-		count++;
-	if (options->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS)
-		count++;
-	if (options->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF)
-		count++;
-	if (options->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT)
-		count++;
-	if (count > 1)
-		die("--name-only, --name-status, --check and -s are mutually exclusive");
+	if (HAS_MULTI_BITS(options->output_format & check_mask))
+		die(_("--name-only, --name-status, --check and -s are mutually exclusive"));
+
+	if (HAS_MULTI_BITS(options->pickaxe_opts & DIFF_PICKAXE_KINDS_MASK))
+		die(_("-G, -S and --find-object are mutually exclusive"));
 
 	/*
 	 * Most of the time we can say "there are changes"
@@ -3267,17 +4436,15 @@ void diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *options)
 	 * inside contents.
 	 */
 
-	if (DIFF_XDL_TST(options, IGNORE_WHITESPACE) ||
-	    DIFF_XDL_TST(options, IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE) ||
-	    DIFF_XDL_TST(options, IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, DIFF_FROM_CONTENTS);
+	if ((options->xdl_opts & XDF_WHITESPACE_FLAGS))
+		options->flags.diff_from_contents = 1;
 	else
-		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, DIFF_FROM_CONTENTS);
+		options->flags.diff_from_contents = 0;
 
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, FIND_COPIES_HARDER))
+	if (options->flags.find_copies_harder)
 		options->detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_COPY;
 
-	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(options, RELATIVE_NAME))
+	if (!options->flags.relative_name)
 		options->prefix = NULL;
 	if (options->prefix)
 		options->prefix_length = strlen(options->prefix);
@@ -3307,48 +4474,41 @@ void diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *options)
 				      DIFF_FORMAT_DIRSTAT |
 				      DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY |
 				      DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, RECURSIVE);
+		options->flags.recursive = 1;
 	/*
 	 * Also pickaxe would not work very well if you do not say recursive
 	 */
-	if (options->pickaxe)
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, RECURSIVE);
+	if (options->pickaxe_opts & DIFF_PICKAXE_KINDS_MASK)
+		options->flags.recursive = 1;
 	/*
 	 * When patches are generated, submodules diffed against the work tree
 	 * must be checked for dirtiness too so it can be shown in the output
 	 */
 	if (options->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH)
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, DIRTY_SUBMODULES);
+		options->flags.dirty_submodules = 1;
 
 	if (options->detect_rename && options->rename_limit < 0)
 		options->rename_limit = diff_rename_limit_default;
-	if (options->setup & DIFF_SETUP_USE_CACHE) {
-		if (!active_cache)
-			/* read-cache does not die even when it fails
-			 * so it is safe for us to do this here.  Also
-			 * it does not smudge active_cache or active_nr
-			 * when it fails, so we do not have to worry about
-			 * cleaning it up ourselves either.
-			 */
-			read_cache();
-	}
-	if (options->abbrev <= 0 || 40 < options->abbrev)
-		options->abbrev = 40; /* full */
+	if (hexsz < options->abbrev)
+		options->abbrev = hexsz; /* full */
 
 	/*
 	 * It does not make sense to show the first hit we happened
 	 * to have found.  It does not make sense not to return with
 	 * exit code in such a case either.
 	 */
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, QUICK)) {
+	if (options->flags.quick) {
 		options->output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, EXIT_WITH_STATUS);
+		options->flags.exit_with_status = 1;
 	}
 
 	options->diff_path_counter = 0;
 
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, FOLLOW_RENAMES) && options->pathspec.nr != 1)
+	if (options->flags.follow_renames && options->pathspec.nr != 1)
 		die(_("--follow requires exactly one pathspec"));
+
+	if (!options->use_color || external_diff())
+		options->color_moved = 0;
 }
 
 static int opt_arg(const char *arg, int arg_short, const char *arg_long, int *val)
@@ -3445,7 +4605,7 @@ static int stat_opt(struct diff_options *options, const char **av)
 	int argcount = 1;
 
 	if (!skip_prefix(arg, "--stat", &arg))
-		die("BUG: stat option does not begin with --stat: %s", arg);
+		BUG("stat option does not begin with --stat: %s", arg);
 	end = (char *)arg;
 
 	switch (*arg) {
@@ -3454,7 +4614,7 @@ static int stat_opt(struct diff_options *options, const char **av)
 			if (*arg == '=')
 				width = strtoul(arg + 1, &end, 10);
 			else if (!*arg && !av[1])
-				die("Option '--stat-width' requires a value");
+				die_want_option("--stat-width");
 			else if (!*arg) {
 				width = strtoul(av[1], &end, 10);
 				argcount = 2;
@@ -3463,7 +4623,7 @@ static int stat_opt(struct diff_options *options, const char **av)
 			if (*arg == '=')
 				name_width = strtoul(arg + 1, &end, 10);
 			else if (!*arg && !av[1])
-				die("Option '--stat-name-width' requires a value");
+				die_want_option("--stat-name-width");
 			else if (!*arg) {
 				name_width = strtoul(av[1], &end, 10);
 				argcount = 2;
@@ -3472,7 +4632,7 @@ static int stat_opt(struct diff_options *options, const char **av)
 			if (*arg == '=')
 				graph_width = strtoul(arg + 1, &end, 10);
 			else if (!*arg && !av[1])
-				die("Option '--stat-graph-width' requires a value");
+				die_want_option("--stat-graph-width");
 			else if (!*arg) {
 				graph_width = strtoul(av[1], &end, 10);
 				argcount = 2;
@@ -3481,7 +4641,7 @@ static int stat_opt(struct diff_options *options, const char **av)
 			if (*arg == '=')
 				count = strtoul(arg + 1, &end, 10);
 			else if (!*arg && !av[1])
-				die("Option '--stat-count' requires a value");
+				die_want_option("--stat-count");
 			else if (!*arg) {
 				count = strtoul(av[1], &end, 10);
 				argcount = 2;
@@ -3609,12 +4769,46 @@ static void enable_patch_output(int *fmt) {
 	*fmt |= DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 }
 
-int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
+static int parse_ws_error_highlight_opt(struct diff_options *opt, const char *arg)
+{
+	int val = parse_ws_error_highlight(arg);
+
+	if (val < 0) {
+		error("unknown value after ws-error-highlight=%.*s",
+		      -1 - val, arg);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	opt->ws_error_highlight = val;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int parse_objfind_opt(struct diff_options *opt, const char *arg)
+{
+	struct object_id oid;
+
+	if (get_oid(arg, &oid))
+		return error("unable to resolve '%s'", arg);
+
+	if (!opt->objfind)
+		opt->objfind = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*opt->objfind));
+
+	opt->pickaxe_opts |= DIFF_PICKAXE_KIND_OBJFIND;
+	opt->flags.recursive = 1;
+	opt->flags.tree_in_recursive = 1;
+	oidset_insert(opt->objfind, &oid);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options,
+		   const char **av, int ac, const char *prefix)
 {
 	const char *arg = av[0];
 	const char *optarg;
 	int argcount;
 
+	if (!prefix)
+		prefix = "";
+
 	/* Output format options */
 	if (!strcmp(arg, "-p") || !strcmp(arg, "-u") || !strcmp(arg, "--patch")
 	    || opt_arg(arg, 'U', "unified", &options->context))
@@ -3628,17 +4822,12 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_NUMSTAT;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--shortstat"))
 		options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_SHORTSTAT;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-X") || !strcmp(arg, "--dirstat"))
-		return parse_dirstat_opt(options, "");
-	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "-X", &arg))
-		return parse_dirstat_opt(options, arg);
-	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--dirstat=", &arg))
+	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "-X", &arg) ||
+		 skip_to_optional_arg(arg, "--dirstat", &arg))
 		return parse_dirstat_opt(options, arg);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--cumulative"))
 		return parse_dirstat_opt(options, "cumulative");
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--dirstat-by-file"))
-		return parse_dirstat_opt(options, "files");
-	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--dirstat-by-file=", &arg)) {
+	else if (skip_to_optional_arg(arg, "--dirstat-by-file", &arg)) {
 		parse_dirstat_opt(options, "files");
 		return parse_dirstat_opt(options, arg);
 	}
@@ -3658,15 +4847,20 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 	else if (starts_with(arg, "--stat"))
 		/* --stat, --stat-width, --stat-name-width, or --stat-count */
 		return stat_opt(options, av);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--compact-summary")) {
+		 options->flags.stat_with_summary = 1;
+		 options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-compact-summary"))
+		 options->flags.stat_with_summary = 0;
 
 	/* renames options */
-	else if (starts_with(arg, "-B") || starts_with(arg, "--break-rewrites=") ||
-		 !strcmp(arg, "--break-rewrites")) {
+	else if (starts_with(arg, "-B") ||
+		 skip_to_optional_arg(arg, "--break-rewrites", NULL)) {
 		if ((options->break_opt = diff_scoreopt_parse(arg)) == -1)
 			return error("invalid argument to -B: %s", arg+2);
 	}
-	else if (starts_with(arg, "-M") || starts_with(arg, "--find-renames=") ||
-		 !strcmp(arg, "--find-renames")) {
+	else if (starts_with(arg, "-M") ||
+		 skip_to_optional_arg(arg, "--find-renames", NULL)) {
 		if ((options->rename_score = diff_scoreopt_parse(arg)) == -1)
 			return error("invalid argument to -M: %s", arg+2);
 		options->detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
@@ -3674,10 +4868,10 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-D") || !strcmp(arg, "--irreversible-delete")) {
 		options->irreversible_delete = 1;
 	}
-	else if (starts_with(arg, "-C") || starts_with(arg, "--find-copies=") ||
-		 !strcmp(arg, "--find-copies")) {
+	else if (starts_with(arg, "-C") ||
+		 skip_to_optional_arg(arg, "--find-copies", NULL)) {
 		if (options->detect_rename == DIFF_DETECT_COPY)
-			DIFF_OPT_SET(options, FIND_COPIES_HARDER);
+			options->flags.find_copies_harder = 1;
 		if ((options->rename_score = diff_scoreopt_parse(arg)) == -1)
 			return error("invalid argument to -C: %s", arg+2);
 		options->detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_COPY;
@@ -3685,14 +4879,13 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-renames"))
 		options->detect_rename = 0;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--rename-empty"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, RENAME_EMPTY);
+		options->flags.rename_empty = 1;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-rename-empty"))
-		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, RENAME_EMPTY);
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--relative"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, RELATIVE_NAME);
-	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--relative=", &arg)) {
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, RELATIVE_NAME);
-		options->prefix = arg;
+		options->flags.rename_empty = 0;
+	else if (skip_to_optional_arg_default(arg, "--relative", &arg, NULL)) {
+		options->flags.relative_name = 1;
+		if (arg)
+			options->prefix = arg;
 	}
 
 	/* xdiff options */
@@ -3706,11 +4899,26 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 		DIFF_XDL_SET(options, IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--ignore-space-at-eol"))
 		DIFF_XDL_SET(options, IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--ignore-cr-at-eol"))
+		DIFF_XDL_SET(options, IGNORE_CR_AT_EOL);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--ignore-blank-lines"))
 		DIFF_XDL_SET(options, IGNORE_BLANK_LINES);
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--patience"))
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--indent-heuristic"))
+		DIFF_XDL_SET(options, INDENT_HEURISTIC);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-indent-heuristic"))
+		DIFF_XDL_CLR(options, INDENT_HEURISTIC);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--patience")) {
+		int i;
 		options->xdl_opts = DIFF_WITH_ALG(options, PATIENCE_DIFF);
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--histogram"))
+		/*
+		 * Both --patience and --anchored use PATIENCE_DIFF
+		 * internally, so remove any anchors previously
+		 * specified.
+		 */
+		for (i = 0; i < options->anchors_nr; i++)
+			free(options->anchors[i]);
+		options->anchors_nr = 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--histogram"))
 		options->xdl_opts = DIFF_WITH_ALG(options, HISTOGRAM_DIFF);
 	else if ((argcount = parse_long_opt("diff-algorithm", av, &optarg))) {
 		long value = parse_algorithm_value(optarg);
@@ -3722,28 +4930,32 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 		options->xdl_opts &= ~XDF_DIFF_ALGORITHM_MASK;
 		options->xdl_opts |= value;
 		return argcount;
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--anchored=", &arg)) {
+		options->xdl_opts = DIFF_WITH_ALG(options, PATIENCE_DIFF);
+		ALLOC_GROW(options->anchors, options->anchors_nr + 1,
+			   options->anchors_alloc);
+		options->anchors[options->anchors_nr++] = xstrdup(arg);
 	}
 
 	/* flags options */
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--binary")) {
 		enable_patch_output(&options->output_format);
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, BINARY);
+		options->flags.binary = 1;
 	}
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--full-index"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, FULL_INDEX);
+		options->flags.full_index = 1;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-a") || !strcmp(arg, "--text"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, TEXT);
+		options->flags.text = 1;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-R"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, REVERSE_DIFF);
+		options->flags.reverse_diff = 1;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--find-copies-harder"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, FIND_COPIES_HARDER);
+		options->flags.find_copies_harder = 1;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--follow"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, FOLLOW_RENAMES);
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-follow"))
-		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, FOLLOW_RENAMES);
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--color"))
-		options->use_color = 1;
-	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--color=", &arg)) {
+		options->flags.follow_renames = 1;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-follow")) {
+		options->flags.follow_renames = 0;
+		options->flags.default_follow_renames = 0;
+	} else if (skip_to_optional_arg_default(arg, "--color", &arg, "always")) {
 		int value = git_config_colorbool(NULL, arg);
 		if (value < 0)
 			return error("option `color' expects \"always\", \"auto\", or \"never\"");
@@ -3751,15 +4963,24 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 	}
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-color"))
 		options->use_color = 0;
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--color-words")) {
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--color-moved")) {
+		if (diff_color_moved_default)
+			options->color_moved = diff_color_moved_default;
+		if (options->color_moved == COLOR_MOVED_NO)
+			options->color_moved = COLOR_MOVED_DEFAULT;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-color-moved"))
+		options->color_moved = COLOR_MOVED_NO;
+	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--color-moved=", &arg)) {
+		int cm = parse_color_moved(arg);
+		if (cm < 0)
+			die("bad --color-moved argument: %s", arg);
+		options->color_moved = cm;
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--color-moved-ws=", &arg)) {
+		options->color_moved_ws_handling = parse_color_moved_ws(arg);
+	} else if (skip_to_optional_arg_default(arg, "--color-words", &options->word_regex, NULL)) {
 		options->use_color = 1;
 		options->word_diff = DIFF_WORDS_COLOR;
 	}
-	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--color-words=", &arg)) {
-		options->use_color = 1;
-		options->word_diff = DIFF_WORDS_COLOR;
-		options->word_regex = arg;
-	}
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--word-diff")) {
 		if (options->word_diff == DIFF_WORDS_NONE)
 			options->word_diff = DIFF_WORDS_PLAIN;
@@ -3785,27 +5006,29 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 		return argcount;
 	}
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--exit-code"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, EXIT_WITH_STATUS);
+		options->flags.exit_with_status = 1;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--quiet"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, QUICK);
+		options->flags.quick = 1;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--ext-diff"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, ALLOW_EXTERNAL);
+		options->flags.allow_external = 1;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-ext-diff"))
-		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, ALLOW_EXTERNAL);
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--textconv"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-textconv"))
-		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--ignore-submodules")) {
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, OVERRIDE_SUBMODULE_CONFIG);
-		handle_ignore_submodules_arg(options, "all");
-	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--ignore-submodules=", &arg)) {
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, OVERRIDE_SUBMODULE_CONFIG);
+		options->flags.allow_external = 0;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--textconv")) {
+		options->flags.allow_textconv = 1;
+		options->flags.textconv_set_via_cmdline = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-textconv"))
+		options->flags.allow_textconv = 0;
+	else if (skip_to_optional_arg_default(arg, "--ignore-submodules", &arg, "all")) {
+		options->flags.override_submodule_config = 1;
 		handle_ignore_submodules_arg(options, arg);
-	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--submodule"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, SUBMODULE_LOG);
-	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--submodule=", &arg))
+	} else if (skip_to_optional_arg_default(arg, "--submodule", &arg, "log"))
 		return parse_submodule_opt(options, arg);
+	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--ws-error-highlight=", &arg))
+		return parse_ws_error_highlight_opt(options, arg);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--ita-invisible-in-index"))
+		options->ita_invisible_in_index = 1;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--ita-visible-in-index"))
+		options->ita_invisible_in_index = 0;
 
 	/* misc options */
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-z"))
@@ -3828,9 +5051,10 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--pickaxe-regex"))
 		options->pickaxe_opts |= DIFF_PICKAXE_REGEX;
 	else if ((argcount = short_opt('O', av, &optarg))) {
-		options->orderfile = optarg;
+		options->orderfile = prefix_filename(prefix, optarg);
 		return argcount;
-	}
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--find-object=", &arg))
+		return parse_objfind_opt(options, arg);
 	else if ((argcount = parse_long_opt("diff-filter", av, &optarg))) {
 		int offending = parse_diff_filter_opt(optarg, options);
 		if (offending)
@@ -3838,19 +5062,27 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 			    offending, optarg);
 		return argcount;
 	}
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-abbrev"))
+		options->abbrev = 0;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--abbrev"))
 		options->abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
 	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--abbrev=", &arg)) {
 		options->abbrev = strtoul(arg, NULL, 10);
 		if (options->abbrev < MINIMUM_ABBREV)
 			options->abbrev = MINIMUM_ABBREV;
-		else if (40 < options->abbrev)
-			options->abbrev = 40;
+		else if (the_hash_algo->hexsz < options->abbrev)
+			options->abbrev = the_hash_algo->hexsz;
 	}
 	else if ((argcount = parse_long_opt("src-prefix", av, &optarg))) {
 		options->a_prefix = optarg;
 		return argcount;
 	}
+	else if ((argcount = parse_long_opt("line-prefix", av, &optarg))) {
+		options->line_prefix = optarg;
+		options->line_prefix_length = strlen(options->line_prefix);
+		graph_setup_line_prefix(options);
+		return argcount;
+	}
 	else if ((argcount = parse_long_opt("dst-prefix", av, &optarg))) {
 		options->b_prefix = optarg;
 		return argcount;
@@ -3861,16 +5093,18 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 			 &options->interhunkcontext))
 		;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-W"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, FUNCCONTEXT);
+		options->flags.funccontext = 1;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--function-context"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, FUNCCONTEXT);
+		options->flags.funccontext = 1;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-function-context"))
-		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, FUNCCONTEXT);
+		options->flags.funccontext = 0;
 	else if ((argcount = parse_long_opt("output", av, &optarg))) {
-		options->file = fopen(optarg, "w");
-		if (!options->file)
-			die_errno("Could not open '%s'", optarg);
+		char *path = prefix_filename(prefix, optarg);
+		options->file = xfopen(path, "w");
 		options->close_file = 1;
+		if (options->use_color != GIT_COLOR_ALWAYS)
+			options->use_color = GIT_COLOR_NEVER;
+		free(path);
 		return argcount;
 	} else
 		return 0;
@@ -3981,27 +5215,52 @@ void diff_free_filepair(struct diff_filepair *p)
 	free(p);
 }
 
-/* This is different from find_unique_abbrev() in that
- * it stuffs the result with dots for alignment.
- */
-const char *diff_unique_abbrev(const unsigned char *sha1, int len)
+const char *diff_aligned_abbrev(const struct object_id *oid, int len)
 {
 	int abblen;
 	const char *abbrev;
-	if (len == 40)
-		return sha1_to_hex(sha1);
 
-	abbrev = find_unique_abbrev(sha1, len);
+	/* Do we want all 40 hex characters? */
+	if (len == the_hash_algo->hexsz)
+		return oid_to_hex(oid);
+
+	/* An abbreviated value is fine, possibly followed by an ellipsis. */
+	abbrev = diff_abbrev_oid(oid, len);
+
+	if (!print_sha1_ellipsis())
+		return abbrev;
+
 	abblen = strlen(abbrev);
-	if (abblen < 37) {
-		static char hex[41];
+
+	/*
+	 * In well-behaved cases, where the abbreviated result is the
+	 * same as the requested length, append three dots after the
+	 * abbreviation (hence the whole logic is limited to the case
+	 * where abblen < 37); when the actual abbreviated result is a
+	 * bit longer than the requested length, we reduce the number
+	 * of dots so that they match the well-behaved ones.  However,
+	 * if the actual abbreviation is longer than the requested
+	 * length by more than three, we give up on aligning, and add
+	 * three dots anyway, to indicate that the output is not the
+	 * full object name.  Yes, this may be suboptimal, but this
+	 * appears only in "diff --raw --abbrev" output and it is not
+	 * worth the effort to change it now.  Note that this would
+	 * likely to work fine when the automatic sizing of default
+	 * abbreviation length is used--we would be fed -1 in "len" in
+	 * that case, and will end up always appending three-dots, but
+	 * the automatic sizing is supposed to give abblen that ensures
+	 * uniqueness across all objects (statistically speaking).
+	 */
+	if (abblen < the_hash_algo->hexsz - 3) {
+		static char hex[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
 		if (len < abblen && abblen <= len + 2)
-			sprintf(hex, "%s%.*s", abbrev, len+3-abblen, "..");
+			xsnprintf(hex, sizeof(hex), "%s%.*s", abbrev, len+3-abblen, "..");
 		else
-			sprintf(hex, "%s...", abbrev);
+			xsnprintf(hex, sizeof(hex), "%s...", abbrev);
 		return hex;
 	}
-	return sha1_to_hex(sha1);
+
+	return oid_to_hex(oid);
 }
 
 static void diff_flush_raw(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *opt)
@@ -4012,8 +5271,9 @@ static void diff_flush_raw(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *opt)
 	fprintf(opt->file, "%s", diff_line_prefix(opt));
 	if (!(opt->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS)) {
 		fprintf(opt->file, ":%06o %06o %s ", p->one->mode, p->two->mode,
-			diff_unique_abbrev(p->one->sha1, opt->abbrev));
-		fprintf(opt->file, "%s ", diff_unique_abbrev(p->two->sha1, opt->abbrev));
+			diff_aligned_abbrev(&p->one->oid, opt->abbrev));
+		fprintf(opt->file, "%s ",
+			diff_aligned_abbrev(&p->two->oid, opt->abbrev));
 	}
 	if (p->score) {
 		fprintf(opt->file, "%c%03d%c", p->status, similarity_index(p),
@@ -4062,11 +5322,11 @@ int diff_unmodified_pair(struct diff_filepair *p)
 	/* both are valid and point at the same path.  that is, we are
 	 * dealing with a change.
 	 */
-	if (one->sha1_valid && two->sha1_valid &&
-	    !hashcmp(one->sha1, two->sha1) &&
+	if (one->oid_valid && two->oid_valid &&
+	    !oidcmp(&one->oid, &two->oid) &&
 	    !one->dirty_submodule && !two->dirty_submodule)
 		return 1; /* no change */
-	if (!one->sha1_valid && !two->sha1_valid)
+	if (!one->oid_valid && !two->oid_valid)
 		return 1; /* both look at the same file on the filesystem. */
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -4127,7 +5387,7 @@ void diff_debug_filespec(struct diff_filespec *s, int x, const char *one)
 		s->path,
 		DIFF_FILE_VALID(s) ? "valid" : "invalid",
 		s->mode,
-		s->sha1_valid ? sha1_to_hex(s->sha1) : "");
+		s->oid_valid ? oid_to_hex(&s->oid) : "");
 	fprintf(stderr, "queue[%d] %s size %lu\n",
 		x, one ? one : "",
 		s->size);
@@ -4197,11 +5457,11 @@ static void diff_resolve_rename_copy(void)
 			else
 				p->status = DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED;
 		}
-		else if (hashcmp(p->one->sha1, p->two->sha1) ||
+		else if (oidcmp(&p->one->oid, &p->two->oid) ||
 			 p->one->mode != p->two->mode ||
 			 p->one->dirty_submodule ||
 			 p->two->dirty_submodule ||
-			 is_null_sha1(p->one->sha1))
+			 is_null_oid(&p->one->oid))
 			p->status = DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED;
 		else {
 			/* This is a "no-change" entry and should not
@@ -4240,71 +5500,86 @@ static void flush_one_pair(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *opt)
 		name_a = p->two->path;
 		name_b = NULL;
 		strip_prefix(opt->prefix_length, &name_a, &name_b);
+		fprintf(opt->file, "%s", diff_line_prefix(opt));
 		write_name_quoted(name_a, opt->file, opt->line_termination);
 	}
 }
 
-static void show_file_mode_name(FILE *file, const char *newdelete, struct diff_filespec *fs)
+static void show_file_mode_name(struct diff_options *opt, const char *newdelete, struct diff_filespec *fs)
 {
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	if (fs->mode)
-		fprintf(file, " %s mode %06o ", newdelete, fs->mode);
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, " %s mode %06o ", newdelete, fs->mode);
 	else
-		fprintf(file, " %s ", newdelete);
-	write_name_quoted(fs->path, file, '\n');
-}
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, " %s ", newdelete);
 
+	quote_c_style(fs->path, &sb, NULL, 0);
+	strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
+	emit_diff_symbol(opt, DIFF_SYMBOL_SUMMARY,
+			 sb.buf, sb.len, 0);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
 
-static void show_mode_change(FILE *file, struct diff_filepair *p, int show_name,
-		const char *line_prefix)
+static void show_mode_change(struct diff_options *opt, struct diff_filepair *p,
+		int show_name)
 {
 	if (p->one->mode && p->two->mode && p->one->mode != p->two->mode) {
-		fprintf(file, "%s mode change %06o => %06o%c", line_prefix, p->one->mode,
-			p->two->mode, show_name ? ' ' : '\n');
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, " mode change %06o => %06o",
+			    p->one->mode, p->two->mode);
 		if (show_name) {
-			write_name_quoted(p->two->path, file, '\n');
+			strbuf_addch(&sb, ' ');
+			quote_c_style(p->two->path, &sb, NULL, 0);
 		}
+		strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
+		emit_diff_symbol(opt, DIFF_SYMBOL_SUMMARY,
+				 sb.buf, sb.len, 0);
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
 	}
 }
 
-static void show_rename_copy(FILE *file, const char *renamecopy, struct diff_filepair *p,
-			const char *line_prefix)
+static void show_rename_copy(struct diff_options *opt, const char *renamecopy,
+		struct diff_filepair *p)
 {
-	char *names = pprint_rename(p->one->path, p->two->path);
-
-	fprintf(file, " %s %s (%d%%)\n", renamecopy, names, similarity_index(p));
-	free(names);
-	show_mode_change(file, p, 0, line_prefix);
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf names = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	pprint_rename(&names, p->one->path, p->two->path);
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, " %s %s (%d%%)\n",
+		    renamecopy, names.buf, similarity_index(p));
+	strbuf_release(&names);
+	emit_diff_symbol(opt, DIFF_SYMBOL_SUMMARY,
+				 sb.buf, sb.len, 0);
+	show_mode_change(opt, p, 0);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
 static void diff_summary(struct diff_options *opt, struct diff_filepair *p)
 {
-	FILE *file = opt->file;
-	const char *line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(opt);
-
 	switch(p->status) {
 	case DIFF_STATUS_DELETED:
-		fputs(line_prefix, file);
-		show_file_mode_name(file, "delete", p->one);
+		show_file_mode_name(opt, "delete", p->one);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_ADDED:
-		fputs(line_prefix, file);
-		show_file_mode_name(file, "create", p->two);
+		show_file_mode_name(opt, "create", p->two);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
-		fputs(line_prefix, file);
-		show_rename_copy(file, "copy", p, line_prefix);
+		show_rename_copy(opt, "copy", p);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED:
-		fputs(line_prefix, file);
-		show_rename_copy(file, "rename", p, line_prefix);
+		show_rename_copy(opt, "rename", p);
 		break;
 	default:
 		if (p->score) {
-			fprintf(file, "%s rewrite ", line_prefix);
-			write_name_quoted(p->two->path, file, ' ');
-			fprintf(file, "(%d%%)\n", similarity_index(p));
+			struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+			strbuf_addstr(&sb, " rewrite ");
+			quote_c_style(p->two->path, &sb, NULL, 0);
+			strbuf_addf(&sb, " (%d%%)\n", similarity_index(p));
+			emit_diff_symbol(opt, DIFF_SYMBOL_SUMMARY,
+					 sb.buf, sb.len, 0);
+			strbuf_release(&sb);
 		}
-		show_mode_change(file, p, !p->score, line_prefix);
+		show_mode_change(opt, p, !p->score);
 		break;
 	}
 }
@@ -4342,14 +5617,26 @@ static void patch_id_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 	data->patchlen += new_len;
 }
 
+static void patch_id_add_string(git_SHA_CTX *ctx, const char *str)
+{
+	git_SHA1_Update(ctx, str, strlen(str));
+}
+
+static void patch_id_add_mode(git_SHA_CTX *ctx, unsigned mode)
+{
+	/* large enough for 2^32 in octal */
+	char buf[12];
+	int len = xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%06o", mode);
+	git_SHA1_Update(ctx, buf, len);
+}
+
 /* returns 0 upon success, and writes result into sha1 */
-static int diff_get_patch_id(struct diff_options *options, unsigned char *sha1)
+static int diff_get_patch_id(struct diff_options *options, struct object_id *oid, int diff_header_only)
 {
 	struct diff_queue_struct *q = &diff_queued_diff;
 	int i;
 	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
 	struct patch_id_t data;
-	char buffer[PATH_MAX * 4 + 20];
 
 	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
 	memset(&data, 0, sizeof(struct patch_id_t));
@@ -4376,68 +5663,70 @@ static int diff_get_patch_id(struct diff_options *options, unsigned char *sha1)
 		if (DIFF_PAIR_UNMERGED(p))
 			continue;
 
-		diff_fill_sha1_info(p->one);
-		diff_fill_sha1_info(p->two);
-		if (fill_mmfile(&mf1, p->one) < 0 ||
-				fill_mmfile(&mf2, p->two) < 0)
-			return error("unable to read files to diff");
+		diff_fill_oid_info(p->one);
+		diff_fill_oid_info(p->two);
 
 		len1 = remove_space(p->one->path, strlen(p->one->path));
 		len2 = remove_space(p->two->path, strlen(p->two->path));
-		if (p->one->mode == 0)
-			len1 = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
-					"diff--gita/%.*sb/%.*s"
-					"newfilemode%06o"
-					"---/dev/null"
-					"+++b/%.*s",
-					len1, p->one->path,
-					len2, p->two->path,
-					p->two->mode,
-					len2, p->two->path);
-		else if (p->two->mode == 0)
-			len1 = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
-					"diff--gita/%.*sb/%.*s"
-					"deletedfilemode%06o"
-					"---a/%.*s"
-					"+++/dev/null",
-					len1, p->one->path,
-					len2, p->two->path,
-					p->one->mode,
-					len1, p->one->path);
-		else
-			len1 = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
-					"diff--gita/%.*sb/%.*s"
-					"---a/%.*s"
-					"+++b/%.*s",
-					len1, p->one->path,
-					len2, p->two->path,
-					len1, p->one->path,
-					len2, p->two->path);
-		git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, buffer, len1);
+		patch_id_add_string(&ctx, "diff--git");
+		patch_id_add_string(&ctx, "a/");
+		git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, p->one->path, len1);
+		patch_id_add_string(&ctx, "b/");
+		git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, p->two->path, len2);
+
+		if (p->one->mode == 0) {
+			patch_id_add_string(&ctx, "newfilemode");
+			patch_id_add_mode(&ctx, p->two->mode);
+			patch_id_add_string(&ctx, "---/dev/null");
+			patch_id_add_string(&ctx, "+++b/");
+			git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, p->two->path, len2);
+		} else if (p->two->mode == 0) {
+			patch_id_add_string(&ctx, "deletedfilemode");
+			patch_id_add_mode(&ctx, p->one->mode);
+			patch_id_add_string(&ctx, "---a/");
+			git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, p->one->path, len1);
+			patch_id_add_string(&ctx, "+++/dev/null");
+		} else {
+			patch_id_add_string(&ctx, "---a/");
+			git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, p->one->path, len1);
+			patch_id_add_string(&ctx, "+++b/");
+			git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, p->two->path, len2);
+		}
+
+		if (diff_header_only)
+			continue;
+
+		if (fill_mmfile(&mf1, p->one) < 0 ||
+		    fill_mmfile(&mf2, p->two) < 0)
+			return error("unable to read files to diff");
 
 		if (diff_filespec_is_binary(p->one) ||
 		    diff_filespec_is_binary(p->two)) {
-			git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, sha1_to_hex(p->one->sha1), 40);
-			git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, sha1_to_hex(p->two->sha1), 40);
+			git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, oid_to_hex(&p->one->oid),
+					GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ);
+			git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, oid_to_hex(&p->two->oid),
+					GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ);
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		xpp.flags = 0;
 		xecfg.ctxlen = 3;
 		xecfg.flags = 0;
-		xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, patch_id_consume, &data,
-			      &xpp, &xecfg);
+		if (xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, patch_id_consume, &data,
+				  &xpp, &xecfg))
+			return error("unable to generate patch-id diff for %s",
+				     p->one->path);
 	}
 
-	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Final(oid->hash, &ctx);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int diff_flush_patch_id(struct diff_options *options, unsigned char *sha1)
+int diff_flush_patch_id(struct diff_options *options, struct object_id *oid, int diff_header_only)
 {
 	struct diff_queue_struct *q = &diff_queued_diff;
 	int i;
-	int result = diff_get_patch_id(options, sha1);
+	int result = diff_get_patch_id(options, oid, diff_header_only);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++)
 		diff_free_filepair(q->queue[i]);
@@ -4474,25 +5763,73 @@ static int is_summary_empty(const struct diff_queue_struct *q)
 }
 
 static const char rename_limit_warning[] =
-"inexact rename detection was skipped due to too many files.";
+N_("inexact rename detection was skipped due to too many files.");
 
 static const char degrade_cc_to_c_warning[] =
-"only found copies from modified paths due to too many files.";
+N_("only found copies from modified paths due to too many files.");
 
 static const char rename_limit_advice[] =
-"you may want to set your %s variable to at least "
-"%d and retry the command.";
+N_("you may want to set your %s variable to at least "
+   "%d and retry the command.");
 
 void diff_warn_rename_limit(const char *varname, int needed, int degraded_cc)
 {
+	fflush(stdout);
 	if (degraded_cc)
-		warning(degrade_cc_to_c_warning);
+		warning(_(degrade_cc_to_c_warning));
 	else if (needed)
-		warning(rename_limit_warning);
+		warning(_(rename_limit_warning));
 	else
 		return;
-	if (0 < needed && needed < 32767)
-		warning(rename_limit_advice, varname, needed);
+	if (0 < needed)
+		warning(_(rename_limit_advice), varname, needed);
+}
+
+static void diff_flush_patch_all_file_pairs(struct diff_options *o)
+{
+	int i;
+	static struct emitted_diff_symbols esm = EMITTED_DIFF_SYMBOLS_INIT;
+	struct diff_queue_struct *q = &diff_queued_diff;
+
+	if (WSEH_NEW & WS_RULE_MASK)
+		BUG("WS rules bit mask overlaps with diff symbol flags");
+
+	if (o->color_moved)
+		o->emitted_symbols = &esm;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
+		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
+		if (check_pair_status(p))
+			diff_flush_patch(p, o);
+	}
+
+	if (o->emitted_symbols) {
+		if (o->color_moved) {
+			struct hashmap add_lines, del_lines;
+
+			if (o->color_moved_ws_handling &
+			    COLOR_MOVED_WS_ALLOW_INDENTATION_CHANGE)
+				o->color_moved_ws_handling |= XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE;
+
+			hashmap_init(&del_lines, moved_entry_cmp, o, 0);
+			hashmap_init(&add_lines, moved_entry_cmp, o, 0);
+
+			add_lines_to_move_detection(o, &add_lines, &del_lines);
+			mark_color_as_moved(o, &add_lines, &del_lines);
+			if (o->color_moved == COLOR_MOVED_ZEBRA_DIM)
+				dim_moved_lines(o);
+
+			hashmap_free(&add_lines, 0);
+			hashmap_free(&del_lines, 0);
+		}
+
+		for (i = 0; i < esm.nr; i++)
+			emit_diff_symbol_from_struct(o, &esm.buf[i]);
+
+		for (i = 0; i < esm.nr; i++)
+			free((void *)esm.buf[i].line);
+	}
+	esm.nr = 0;
 }
 
 void diff_flush(struct diff_options *options)
@@ -4521,7 +5858,7 @@ void diff_flush(struct diff_options *options)
 		separator++;
 	}
 
-	if (output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_DIRSTAT && DIFF_OPT_TST(options, DIRSTAT_BY_LINE))
+	if (output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_DIRSTAT && options->flags.dirstat_by_line)
 		dirstat_by_line = 1;
 
 	if (output_format & (DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT|DIFF_FORMAT_SHORTSTAT|DIFF_FORMAT_NUMSTAT) ||
@@ -4556,8 +5893,8 @@ void diff_flush(struct diff_options *options)
 	}
 
 	if (output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT &&
-	    DIFF_OPT_TST(options, EXIT_WITH_STATUS) &&
-	    DIFF_OPT_TST(options, DIFF_FROM_CONTENTS)) {
+	    options->flags.exit_with_status &&
+	    options->flags.diff_from_contents) {
 		/*
 		 * run diff_flush_patch for the exit status. setting
 		 * options->file to /dev/null should be safe, because we
@@ -4565,10 +5902,9 @@ void diff_flush(struct diff_options *options)
 		 */
 		if (options->close_file)
 			fclose(options->file);
-		options->file = fopen("/dev/null", "w");
-		if (!options->file)
-			die_errno("Could not open /dev/null");
+		options->file = xfopen("/dev/null", "w");
 		options->close_file = 1;
+		options->color_moved = 0;
 		for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
 			struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
 			if (check_pair_status(p))
@@ -4580,20 +5916,14 @@ void diff_flush(struct diff_options *options)
 
 	if (output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH) {
 		if (separator) {
-			fprintf(options->file, "%s%c",
-				diff_line_prefix(options),
-				options->line_termination);
-			if (options->stat_sep) {
+			emit_diff_symbol(options, DIFF_SYMBOL_SEPARATOR, NULL, 0, 0);
+			if (options->stat_sep)
 				/* attach patch instead of inline */
-				fputs(options->stat_sep, options->file);
-			}
+				emit_diff_symbol(options, DIFF_SYMBOL_STAT_SEP,
+						 NULL, 0, 0);
 		}
 
-		for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
-			struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
-			if (check_pair_status(p))
-				diff_flush_patch(p, options);
-		}
+		diff_flush_patch_all_file_pairs(options);
 	}
 
 	if (output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK)
@@ -4612,11 +5942,11 @@ free_queue:
 	 * diff_addremove/diff_change does not set the bit when
 	 * DIFF_FROM_CONTENTS is in effect (e.g. with -w).
 	 */
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, DIFF_FROM_CONTENTS)) {
+	if (options->flags.diff_from_contents) {
 		if (options->found_changes)
-			DIFF_OPT_SET(options, HAS_CHANGES);
+			options->flags.has_changes = 1;
 		else
-			DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, HAS_CHANGES);
+			options->flags.has_changes = 0;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -4708,7 +6038,7 @@ static int diff_filespec_check_stat_unmatch(struct diff_filepair *p)
 	 */
 	if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->one) || /* (1) */
 	    !DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two) ||
-	    (p->one->sha1_valid && p->two->sha1_valid) ||
+	    (p->one->oid_valid && p->two->oid_valid) ||
 	    (p->one->mode != p->two->mode) ||
 	    diff_populate_filespec(p->one, CHECK_SIZE_ONLY) ||
 	    diff_populate_filespec(p->two, CHECK_SIZE_ONLY) ||
@@ -4736,7 +6066,7 @@ static void diffcore_skip_stat_unmatch(struct diff_options *diffopt)
 			 * to determine how many paths were dirty only
 			 * due to stat info mismatch.
 			 */
-			if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(diffopt, NO_INDEX))
+			if (!diffopt->flags.no_index)
 				diffopt->skip_stat_unmatch++;
 			diff_free_filepair(p);
 		}
@@ -4759,7 +6089,7 @@ static int diffnamecmp(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 void diffcore_fix_diff_index(struct diff_options *options)
 {
 	struct diff_queue_struct *q = &diff_queued_diff;
-	qsort(q->queue, q->nr, sizeof(q->queue[0]), diffnamecmp);
+	QSORT(q->queue, q->nr, diffnamecmp);
 }
 
 void diffcore_std(struct diff_options *options)
@@ -4776,7 +6106,7 @@ void diffcore_std(struct diff_options *options)
 		if (options->break_opt != -1)
 			diffcore_merge_broken();
 	}
-	if (options->pickaxe)
+	if (options->pickaxe_opts & DIFF_PICKAXE_KINDS_MASK)
 		diffcore_pickaxe(options);
 	if (options->orderfile)
 		diffcore_order(options->orderfile);
@@ -4785,10 +6115,10 @@ void diffcore_std(struct diff_options *options)
 		diff_resolve_rename_copy();
 	diffcore_apply_filter(options);
 
-	if (diff_queued_diff.nr && !DIFF_OPT_TST(options, DIFF_FROM_CONTENTS))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, HAS_CHANGES);
+	if (diff_queued_diff.nr && !options->flags.diff_from_contents)
+		options->flags.has_changes = 1;
 	else
-		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, HAS_CHANGES);
+		options->flags.has_changes = 0;
 
 	options->found_follow = 0;
 }
@@ -4800,23 +6130,23 @@ int diff_result_code(struct diff_options *opt, int status)
 	diff_warn_rename_limit("diff.renameLimit",
 			       opt->needed_rename_limit,
 			       opt->degraded_cc_to_c);
-	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS) &&
+	if (!opt->flags.exit_with_status &&
 	    !(opt->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF))
 		return status;
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS) &&
-	    DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, HAS_CHANGES))
+	if (opt->flags.exit_with_status &&
+	    opt->flags.has_changes)
 		result |= 01;
 	if ((opt->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF) &&
-	    DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, CHECK_FAILED))
+	    opt->flags.check_failed)
 		result |= 02;
 	return result;
 }
 
 int diff_can_quit_early(struct diff_options *opt)
 {
-	return (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, QUICK) &&
+	return (opt->flags.quick &&
 		!opt->filter &&
-		DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, HAS_CHANGES));
+		opt->flags.has_changes);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4828,10 +6158,10 @@ int diff_can_quit_early(struct diff_options *opt)
 static int is_submodule_ignored(const char *path, struct diff_options *options)
 {
 	int ignored = 0;
-	unsigned orig_flags = options->flags;
-	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(options, OVERRIDE_SUBMODULE_CONFIG))
+	struct diff_flags orig_flags = options->flags;
+	if (!options->flags.override_submodule_config)
 		set_diffopt_flags_from_submodule_config(options, path);
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, IGNORE_SUBMODULES))
+	if (options->flags.ignore_submodules)
 		ignored = 1;
 	options->flags = orig_flags;
 	return ignored;
@@ -4839,8 +6169,8 @@ static int is_submodule_ignored(const char *path, struct diff_options *options)
 
 void diff_addremove(struct diff_options *options,
 		    int addremove, unsigned mode,
-		    const unsigned char *sha1,
-		    int sha1_valid,
+		    const struct object_id *oid,
+		    int oid_valid,
 		    const char *concatpath, unsigned dirty_submodule)
 {
 	struct diff_filespec *one, *two;
@@ -4860,7 +6190,7 @@ void diff_addremove(struct diff_options *options,
 	 * Before the final output happens, they are pruned after
 	 * merged into rename/copy pairs as appropriate.
 	 */
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, REVERSE_DIFF))
+	if (options->flags.reverse_diff)
 		addremove = (addremove == '+' ? '-' :
 			     addremove == '-' ? '+' : addremove);
 
@@ -4872,22 +6202,22 @@ void diff_addremove(struct diff_options *options,
 	two = alloc_filespec(concatpath);
 
 	if (addremove != '+')
-		fill_filespec(one, sha1, sha1_valid, mode);
+		fill_filespec(one, oid, oid_valid, mode);
 	if (addremove != '-') {
-		fill_filespec(two, sha1, sha1_valid, mode);
+		fill_filespec(two, oid, oid_valid, mode);
 		two->dirty_submodule = dirty_submodule;
 	}
 
 	diff_queue(&diff_queued_diff, one, two);
-	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(options, DIFF_FROM_CONTENTS))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, HAS_CHANGES);
+	if (!options->flags.diff_from_contents)
+		options->flags.has_changes = 1;
 }
 
 void diff_change(struct diff_options *options,
 		 unsigned old_mode, unsigned new_mode,
-		 const unsigned char *old_sha1,
-		 const unsigned char *new_sha1,
-		 int old_sha1_valid, int new_sha1_valid,
+		 const struct object_id *old_oid,
+		 const struct object_id *new_oid,
+		 int old_oid_valid, int new_oid_valid,
 		 const char *concatpath,
 		 unsigned old_dirty_submodule, unsigned new_dirty_submodule)
 {
@@ -4898,15 +6228,11 @@ void diff_change(struct diff_options *options,
 	    is_submodule_ignored(concatpath, options))
 		return;
 
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, REVERSE_DIFF)) {
-		unsigned tmp;
-		const unsigned char *tmp_c;
-		tmp = old_mode; old_mode = new_mode; new_mode = tmp;
-		tmp_c = old_sha1; old_sha1 = new_sha1; new_sha1 = tmp_c;
-		tmp = old_sha1_valid; old_sha1_valid = new_sha1_valid;
-			new_sha1_valid = tmp;
-		tmp = old_dirty_submodule; old_dirty_submodule = new_dirty_submodule;
-			new_dirty_submodule = tmp;
+	if (options->flags.reverse_diff) {
+		SWAP(old_mode, new_mode);
+		SWAP(old_oid, new_oid);
+		SWAP(old_oid_valid, new_oid_valid);
+		SWAP(old_dirty_submodule, new_dirty_submodule);
 	}
 
 	if (options->prefix &&
@@ -4915,20 +6241,20 @@ void diff_change(struct diff_options *options,
 
 	one = alloc_filespec(concatpath);
 	two = alloc_filespec(concatpath);
-	fill_filespec(one, old_sha1, old_sha1_valid, old_mode);
-	fill_filespec(two, new_sha1, new_sha1_valid, new_mode);
+	fill_filespec(one, old_oid, old_oid_valid, old_mode);
+	fill_filespec(two, new_oid, new_oid_valid, new_mode);
 	one->dirty_submodule = old_dirty_submodule;
 	two->dirty_submodule = new_dirty_submodule;
 	p = diff_queue(&diff_queued_diff, one, two);
 
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, DIFF_FROM_CONTENTS))
+	if (options->flags.diff_from_contents)
 		return;
 
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(options, QUICK) && options->skip_stat_unmatch &&
+	if (options->flags.quick && options->skip_stat_unmatch &&
 	    !diff_filespec_check_stat_unmatch(p))
 		return;
 
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(options, HAS_CHANGES);
+	options->flags.has_changes = 1;
 }
 
 struct diff_filepair *diff_unmerge(struct diff_options *options, const char *path)
@@ -4990,7 +6316,7 @@ size_t fill_textconv(struct userdiff_driver *driver,
 {
 	size_t size;
 
-	if (!driver || !driver->textconv) {
+	if (!driver) {
 		if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(df)) {
 			*outbuf = "";
 			return 0;
@@ -5001,8 +6327,12 @@ size_t fill_textconv(struct userdiff_driver *driver,
 		return df->size;
 	}
 
-	if (driver->textconv_cache && df->sha1_valid) {
-		*outbuf = notes_cache_get(driver->textconv_cache, df->sha1,
+	if (!driver->textconv)
+		BUG("fill_textconv called with non-textconv driver");
+
+	if (driver->textconv_cache && df->oid_valid) {
+		*outbuf = notes_cache_get(driver->textconv_cache,
+					  &df->oid,
 					  &size);
 		if (*outbuf)
 			return size;
@@ -5012,9 +6342,9 @@ size_t fill_textconv(struct userdiff_driver *driver,
 	if (!*outbuf)
 		die("unable to read files to diff");
 
-	if (driver->textconv_cache && df->sha1_valid) {
+	if (driver->textconv_cache && df->oid_valid) {
 		/* ignore errors, as we might be in a readonly repository */
-		notes_cache_put(driver->textconv_cache, df->sha1, *outbuf,
+		notes_cache_put(driver->textconv_cache, &df->oid, *outbuf,
 				size);
 		/*
 		 * we could save up changes and flush them all at the end,
@@ -5028,6 +6358,29 @@ size_t fill_textconv(struct userdiff_driver *driver,
 	return size;
 }
 
+int textconv_object(const char *path,
+		    unsigned mode,
+		    const struct object_id *oid,
+		    int oid_valid,
+		    char **buf,
+		    unsigned long *buf_size)
+{
+	struct diff_filespec *df;
+	struct userdiff_driver *textconv;
+
+	df = alloc_filespec(path);
+	fill_filespec(df, oid, oid_valid, mode);
+	textconv = get_textconv(df);
+	if (!textconv) {
+		free_filespec(df);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	*buf_size = fill_textconv(textconv, df, buf);
+	free_filespec(df);
+	return 1;
+}
+
 void setup_diff_pager(struct diff_options *opt)
 {
 	/*
@@ -5039,7 +6392,7 @@ void setup_diff_pager(struct diff_options *opt)
 	 * and because it is easy to find people oneline advising "git diff
 	 * --exit-code" in hooks and other scripts, we do not do so.
 	 */
-	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS) &&
+	if (!opt->flags.exit_with_status &&
 	    check_pager_config("diff") != 0)
 		setup_pager();
 }
diff --git a/diff.h b/diff.h
index b4a624d235..89544e64bc 100644
--- a/diff.h
+++ b/diff.h
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "pathspec.h"
+#include "object.h"
+#include "oidset.h"
 
 struct rev_info;
 struct diff_options;
@@ -13,7 +15,7 @@ struct diff_queue_struct;
 struct strbuf;
 struct diff_filespec;
 struct userdiff_driver;
-struct sha1_array;
+struct oid_array;
 struct commit;
 struct combine_diff_path;
 
@@ -22,16 +24,16 @@ typedef int (*pathchange_fn_t)(struct diff_options *options,
 
 typedef void (*change_fn_t)(struct diff_options *options,
 		 unsigned old_mode, unsigned new_mode,
-		 const unsigned char *old_sha1,
-		 const unsigned char *new_sha1,
-		 int old_sha1_valid, int new_sha1_valid,
+		 const struct object_id *old_oid,
+		 const struct object_id *new_oid,
+		 int old_oid_valid, int new_oid_valid,
 		 const char *fullpath,
 		 unsigned old_dirty_submodule, unsigned new_dirty_submodule);
 
 typedef void (*add_remove_fn_t)(struct diff_options *options,
 		    int addremove, unsigned mode,
-		    const unsigned char *sha1,
-		    int sha1_valid,
+		    const struct object_id *oid,
+		    int oid_valid,
 		    const char *fullpath, unsigned dirty_submodule);
 
 typedef void (*diff_format_fn_t)(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
@@ -59,42 +61,54 @@ typedef struct strbuf *(*diff_prefix_fn_t)(struct diff_options *opt, void *data)
 
 #define DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK	0x1000
 
-#define DIFF_OPT_RECURSIVE           (1 <<  0)
-#define DIFF_OPT_TREE_IN_RECURSIVE   (1 <<  1)
-#define DIFF_OPT_BINARY              (1 <<  2)
-#define DIFF_OPT_TEXT                (1 <<  3)
-#define DIFF_OPT_FULL_INDEX          (1 <<  4)
-#define DIFF_OPT_SILENT_ON_REMOVE    (1 <<  5)
-#define DIFF_OPT_FIND_COPIES_HARDER  (1 <<  6)
-#define DIFF_OPT_FOLLOW_RENAMES      (1 <<  7)
-#define DIFF_OPT_RENAME_EMPTY        (1 <<  8)
-/* (1 <<  9) unused */
-#define DIFF_OPT_HAS_CHANGES         (1 << 10)
-#define DIFF_OPT_QUICK               (1 << 11)
-#define DIFF_OPT_NO_INDEX            (1 << 12)
-#define DIFF_OPT_ALLOW_EXTERNAL      (1 << 13)
-#define DIFF_OPT_EXIT_WITH_STATUS    (1 << 14)
-#define DIFF_OPT_REVERSE_DIFF        (1 << 15)
-#define DIFF_OPT_CHECK_FAILED        (1 << 16)
-#define DIFF_OPT_RELATIVE_NAME       (1 << 17)
-#define DIFF_OPT_IGNORE_SUBMODULES   (1 << 18)
-#define DIFF_OPT_DIRSTAT_CUMULATIVE  (1 << 19)
-#define DIFF_OPT_DIRSTAT_BY_FILE     (1 << 20)
-#define DIFF_OPT_ALLOW_TEXTCONV      (1 << 21)
-#define DIFF_OPT_DIFF_FROM_CONTENTS  (1 << 22)
-#define DIFF_OPT_SUBMODULE_LOG       (1 << 23)
-#define DIFF_OPT_DIRTY_SUBMODULES    (1 << 24)
-#define DIFF_OPT_IGNORE_UNTRACKED_IN_SUBMODULES (1 << 25)
-#define DIFF_OPT_IGNORE_DIRTY_SUBMODULES (1 << 26)
-#define DIFF_OPT_OVERRIDE_SUBMODULE_CONFIG (1 << 27)
-#define DIFF_OPT_DIRSTAT_BY_LINE     (1 << 28)
-#define DIFF_OPT_FUNCCONTEXT         (1 << 29)
-#define DIFF_OPT_PICKAXE_IGNORE_CASE (1 << 30)
-
-#define DIFF_OPT_TST(opts, flag)    ((opts)->flags & DIFF_OPT_##flag)
-#define DIFF_OPT_TOUCHED(opts, flag)    ((opts)->touched_flags & DIFF_OPT_##flag)
-#define DIFF_OPT_SET(opts, flag)    (((opts)->flags |= DIFF_OPT_##flag),((opts)->touched_flags |= DIFF_OPT_##flag))
-#define DIFF_OPT_CLR(opts, flag)    (((opts)->flags &= ~DIFF_OPT_##flag),((opts)->touched_flags |= DIFF_OPT_##flag))
+#define DIFF_FLAGS_INIT { 0 }
+struct diff_flags {
+	unsigned recursive:1;
+	unsigned tree_in_recursive:1;
+	unsigned binary:1;
+	unsigned text:1;
+	unsigned full_index:1;
+	unsigned silent_on_remove:1;
+	unsigned find_copies_harder:1;
+	unsigned follow_renames:1;
+	unsigned rename_empty:1;
+	unsigned has_changes:1;
+	unsigned quick:1;
+	unsigned no_index:1;
+	unsigned allow_external:1;
+	unsigned exit_with_status:1;
+	unsigned reverse_diff:1;
+	unsigned check_failed:1;
+	unsigned relative_name:1;
+	unsigned ignore_submodules:1;
+	unsigned dirstat_cumulative:1;
+	unsigned dirstat_by_file:1;
+	unsigned allow_textconv:1;
+	unsigned textconv_set_via_cmdline:1;
+	unsigned diff_from_contents:1;
+	unsigned dirty_submodules:1;
+	unsigned ignore_untracked_in_submodules:1;
+	unsigned ignore_dirty_submodules:1;
+	unsigned override_submodule_config:1;
+	unsigned dirstat_by_line:1;
+	unsigned funccontext:1;
+	unsigned default_follow_renames:1;
+	unsigned stat_with_summary:1;
+	unsigned suppress_diff_headers:1;
+	unsigned dual_color_diffed_diffs:1;
+};
+
+static inline void diff_flags_or(struct diff_flags *a,
+				 const struct diff_flags *b)
+{
+	char *tmp_a = (char *)a;
+	const char *tmp_b = (const char *)b;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(struct diff_flags); i++)
+		tmp_a[i] |= tmp_b[i];
+}
+
 #define DIFF_XDL_TST(opts, flag)    ((opts)->xdl_opts & XDF_##flag)
 #define DIFF_XDL_SET(opts, flag)    ((opts)->xdl_opts |= XDF_##flag)
 #define DIFF_XDL_CLR(opts, flag)    ((opts)->xdl_opts &= ~XDF_##flag)
@@ -108,13 +122,20 @@ enum diff_words_type {
 	DIFF_WORDS_COLOR
 };
 
+enum diff_submodule_format {
+	DIFF_SUBMODULE_SHORT = 0,
+	DIFF_SUBMODULE_LOG,
+	DIFF_SUBMODULE_INLINE_DIFF
+};
+
 struct diff_options {
 	const char *orderfile;
 	const char *pickaxe;
 	const char *single_follow;
 	const char *a_prefix, *b_prefix;
-	unsigned flags;
-	unsigned touched_flags;
+	const char *line_prefix;
+	size_t line_prefix_length;
+	struct diff_flags flags;
 
 	/* diff-filter bits */
 	unsigned int filter;
@@ -128,7 +149,7 @@ struct diff_options {
 	int skip_stat_unmatch;
 	int line_termination;
 	int output_format;
-	int pickaxe_opts;
+	unsigned pickaxe_opts;
 	int rename_score;
 	int rename_limit;
 	int needed_rename_limit;
@@ -137,17 +158,30 @@ struct diff_options {
 	int dirstat_permille;
 	int setup;
 	int abbrev;
+	int ita_invisible_in_index;
+/* white-space error highlighting */
+#define WSEH_NEW (1<<12)
+#define WSEH_CONTEXT (1<<13)
+#define WSEH_OLD (1<<14)
+	unsigned ws_error_highlight;
 	const char *prefix;
 	int prefix_length;
 	const char *stat_sep;
 	long xdl_opts;
 
+	/* see Documentation/diff-options.txt */
+	char **anchors;
+	size_t anchors_nr, anchors_alloc;
+
 	int stat_width;
 	int stat_name_width;
 	int stat_graph_width;
 	int stat_count;
 	const char *word_regex;
 	enum diff_words_type word_diff;
+	enum diff_submodule_format submodule_format;
+
+	struct oidset *objfind;
 
 	/* this is set by diffcore for DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH */
 	int found_changes;
@@ -164,25 +198,63 @@ struct diff_options {
 	pathchange_fn_t pathchange;
 	change_fn_t change;
 	add_remove_fn_t add_remove;
+	void *change_fn_data;
 	diff_format_fn_t format_callback;
 	void *format_callback_data;
 	diff_prefix_fn_t output_prefix;
-	int output_prefix_length;
 	void *output_prefix_data;
 
 	int diff_path_counter;
+
+	struct emitted_diff_symbols *emitted_symbols;
+	enum {
+		COLOR_MOVED_NO = 0,
+		COLOR_MOVED_PLAIN = 1,
+		COLOR_MOVED_BLOCKS = 2,
+		COLOR_MOVED_ZEBRA = 3,
+		COLOR_MOVED_ZEBRA_DIM = 4,
+	} color_moved;
+	#define COLOR_MOVED_DEFAULT COLOR_MOVED_ZEBRA
+	#define COLOR_MOVED_MIN_ALNUM_COUNT 20
+
+	/* XDF_WHITESPACE_FLAGS regarding block detection are set at 2, 3, 4 */
+	#define COLOR_MOVED_WS_ALLOW_INDENTATION_CHANGE (1<<5)
+	int color_moved_ws_handling;
 };
 
+void diff_emit_submodule_del(struct diff_options *o, const char *line);
+void diff_emit_submodule_add(struct diff_options *o, const char *line);
+void diff_emit_submodule_untracked(struct diff_options *o, const char *path);
+void diff_emit_submodule_modified(struct diff_options *o, const char *path);
+void diff_emit_submodule_header(struct diff_options *o, const char *header);
+void diff_emit_submodule_error(struct diff_options *o, const char *err);
+void diff_emit_submodule_pipethrough(struct diff_options *o,
+				     const char *line, int len);
+
 enum color_diff {
 	DIFF_RESET = 0,
-	DIFF_PLAIN = 1,
+	DIFF_CONTEXT = 1,
 	DIFF_METAINFO = 2,
 	DIFF_FRAGINFO = 3,
 	DIFF_FILE_OLD = 4,
 	DIFF_FILE_NEW = 5,
 	DIFF_COMMIT = 6,
 	DIFF_WHITESPACE = 7,
-	DIFF_FUNCINFO = 8
+	DIFF_FUNCINFO = 8,
+	DIFF_FILE_OLD_MOVED = 9,
+	DIFF_FILE_OLD_MOVED_ALT = 10,
+	DIFF_FILE_OLD_MOVED_DIM = 11,
+	DIFF_FILE_OLD_MOVED_ALT_DIM = 12,
+	DIFF_FILE_NEW_MOVED = 13,
+	DIFF_FILE_NEW_MOVED_ALT = 14,
+	DIFF_FILE_NEW_MOVED_DIM = 15,
+	DIFF_FILE_NEW_MOVED_ALT_DIM = 16,
+	DIFF_CONTEXT_DIM = 17,
+	DIFF_FILE_OLD_DIM = 18,
+	DIFF_FILE_NEW_DIM = 19,
+	DIFF_CONTEXT_BOLD = 20,
+	DIFF_FILE_OLD_BOLD = 21,
+	DIFF_FILE_NEW_BOLD = 22,
 };
 const char *diff_get_color(int diff_use_color, enum color_diff ix);
 #define diff_get_color_opt(o, ix) \
@@ -194,75 +266,77 @@ const char *diff_line_prefix(struct diff_options *);
 
 extern const char mime_boundary_leader[];
 
-extern struct combine_diff_path *diff_tree_paths(
-	struct combine_diff_path *p, const unsigned char *sha1,
-	const unsigned char **parent_sha1, int nparent,
+struct combine_diff_path *diff_tree_paths(
+	struct combine_diff_path *p, const struct object_id *oid,
+	const struct object_id **parents_oid, int nparent,
 	struct strbuf *base, struct diff_options *opt);
-extern int diff_tree_sha1(const unsigned char *old, const unsigned char *new,
-			  const char *base, struct diff_options *opt);
-extern int diff_root_tree_sha1(const unsigned char *new, const char *base,
-                               struct diff_options *opt);
+int diff_tree_oid(const struct object_id *old_oid,
+		  const struct object_id *new_oid,
+		  const char *base, struct diff_options *opt);
+int diff_root_tree_oid(const struct object_id *new_oid, const char *base,
+		       struct diff_options *opt);
 
 struct combine_diff_path {
 	struct combine_diff_path *next;
 	char *path;
 	unsigned int mode;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct combine_diff_parent {
 		char status;
 		unsigned int mode;
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 	} parent[FLEX_ARRAY];
 };
 #define combine_diff_path_size(n, l) \
-	(sizeof(struct combine_diff_path) + \
-	 sizeof(struct combine_diff_parent) * (n) + (l) + 1)
+	st_add4(sizeof(struct combine_diff_path), (l), 1, \
+		st_mult(sizeof(struct combine_diff_parent), (n)))
 
-extern void show_combined_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
-			      int dense, struct rev_info *);
+void show_combined_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
+			int dense, struct rev_info *);
 
-extern void diff_tree_combined(const unsigned char *sha1, const struct sha1_array *parents, int dense, struct rev_info *rev);
+void diff_tree_combined(const struct object_id *oid, const struct oid_array *parents, int dense, struct rev_info *rev);
 
-extern void diff_tree_combined_merge(const struct commit *commit, int dense, struct rev_info *rev);
+void diff_tree_combined_merge(const struct commit *commit, int dense, struct rev_info *rev);
 
 void diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(struct diff_options *options, const char *a, const char *b);
 
-extern int diff_can_quit_early(struct diff_options *);
+int diff_can_quit_early(struct diff_options *);
 
-extern void diff_addremove(struct diff_options *,
-			   int addremove,
-			   unsigned mode,
-			   const unsigned char *sha1,
-			   int sha1_valid,
-			   const char *fullpath, unsigned dirty_submodule);
+void diff_addremove(struct diff_options *,
+		    int addremove,
+		    unsigned mode,
+		    const struct object_id *oid,
+		    int oid_valid,
+		    const char *fullpath, unsigned dirty_submodule);
 
-extern void diff_change(struct diff_options *,
-			unsigned mode1, unsigned mode2,
-			const unsigned char *sha1,
-			const unsigned char *sha2,
-			int sha1_valid,
-			int sha2_valid,
-			const char *fullpath,
-			unsigned dirty_submodule1, unsigned dirty_submodule2);
+void diff_change(struct diff_options *,
+		 unsigned mode1, unsigned mode2,
+		 const struct object_id *old_oid,
+		 const struct object_id *new_oid,
+		 int old_oid_valid, int new_oid_valid,
+		 const char *fullpath,
+		 unsigned dirty_submodule1, unsigned dirty_submodule2);
 
-extern struct diff_filepair *diff_unmerge(struct diff_options *, const char *path);
+struct diff_filepair *diff_unmerge(struct diff_options *, const char *path);
 
 #define DIFF_SETUP_REVERSE      	1
-#define DIFF_SETUP_USE_CACHE		2
 #define DIFF_SETUP_USE_SIZE_CACHE	4
 
 /*
  * Poor man's alternative to parse-option, to allow both stuck form
  * (--option=value) and separate form (--option value).
  */
-extern int parse_long_opt(const char *opt, const char **argv,
-			 const char **optarg);
-
-extern int git_diff_basic_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
-extern int git_diff_ui_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
-extern void diff_setup(struct diff_options *);
-extern int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *, const char **, int);
-extern void diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *);
+int parse_long_opt(const char *opt, const char **argv,
+		   const char **optarg);
+
+int git_diff_basic_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
+int git_diff_heuristic_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
+void init_diff_ui_defaults(void);
+int git_diff_ui_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
+void diff_setup(struct diff_options *);
+int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *, const char **, int, const char *);
+void diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *);
+int git_config_rename(const char *var, const char *value);
 
 #define DIFF_DETECT_RENAME	1
 #define DIFF_DETECT_COPY	2
@@ -272,9 +346,16 @@ extern void diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *);
 
 #define DIFF_PICKAXE_KIND_S	4 /* traditional plumbing counter */
 #define DIFF_PICKAXE_KIND_G	8 /* grep in the patch */
+#define DIFF_PICKAXE_KIND_OBJFIND	16 /* specific object IDs */
+
+#define DIFF_PICKAXE_KINDS_MASK (DIFF_PICKAXE_KIND_S | \
+				 DIFF_PICKAXE_KIND_G | \
+				 DIFF_PICKAXE_KIND_OBJFIND)
+
+#define DIFF_PICKAXE_IGNORE_CASE	32
 
-extern void diffcore_std(struct diff_options *);
-extern void diffcore_fix_diff_index(struct diff_options *);
+void diffcore_std(struct diff_options *);
+void diffcore_fix_diff_index(struct diff_options *);
 
 #define COMMON_DIFF_OPTIONS_HELP \
 "\ncommon diff options:\n" \
@@ -304,9 +385,9 @@ extern void diffcore_fix_diff_index(struct diff_options *);
 "                show all files diff when -S is used and hit is found.\n" \
 "  -a  --text    treat all files as text.\n"
 
-extern int diff_queue_is_empty(void);
-extern void diff_flush(struct diff_options*);
-extern void diff_warn_rename_limit(const char *varname, int needed, int degraded_cc);
+int diff_queue_is_empty(void);
+void diff_flush(struct diff_options*);
+void diff_warn_rename_limit(const char *varname, int needed, int degraded_cc);
 
 /* diff-raw status letters */
 #define DIFF_STATUS_ADDED		'A'
@@ -324,36 +405,64 @@ extern void diff_warn_rename_limit(const char *varname, int needed, int degraded
 #define DIFF_STATUS_FILTER_AON		'*'
 #define DIFF_STATUS_FILTER_BROKEN	'B'
 
-extern const char *diff_unique_abbrev(const unsigned char *, int);
+/*
+ * This is different from find_unique_abbrev() in that
+ * it stuffs the result with dots for alignment.
+ */
+const char *diff_aligned_abbrev(const struct object_id *sha1, int);
 
 /* do not report anything on removed paths */
 #define DIFF_SILENT_ON_REMOVED 01
 /* report racily-clean paths as modified */
 #define DIFF_RACY_IS_MODIFIED 02
-extern int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned int option);
-extern int run_diff_index(struct rev_info *revs, int cached);
+int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned int option);
+int run_diff_index(struct rev_info *revs, int cached);
+
+int do_diff_cache(const struct object_id *, struct diff_options *);
+int diff_flush_patch_id(struct diff_options *, struct object_id *, int);
 
-extern int do_diff_cache(const unsigned char *, struct diff_options *);
-extern int diff_flush_patch_id(struct diff_options *, unsigned char *);
+int diff_result_code(struct diff_options *, int);
 
-extern int diff_result_code(struct diff_options *, int);
+void diff_no_index(struct rev_info *, int, const char **);
 
-extern void diff_no_index(struct rev_info *, int, const char **, const char *);
+int index_differs_from(const char *def, const struct diff_flags *flags,
+		       int ita_invisible_in_index);
 
-extern int index_differs_from(const char *def, int diff_flags);
+/*
+ * Fill the contents of the filespec "df", respecting any textconv defined by
+ * its userdiff driver.  The "driver" parameter must come from a
+ * previous call to get_textconv(), and therefore should either be NULL or have
+ * textconv enabled.
+ *
+ * Note that the memory ownership of the resulting buffer depends on whether
+ * the driver field is NULL. If it is, then the memory belongs to the filespec
+ * struct. If it is non-NULL, then "outbuf" points to a newly allocated buffer
+ * that should be freed by the caller.
+ */
+size_t fill_textconv(struct userdiff_driver *driver,
+		     struct diff_filespec *df,
+		     char **outbuf);
 
-extern size_t fill_textconv(struct userdiff_driver *driver,
-			    struct diff_filespec *df,
-			    char **outbuf);
+/*
+ * Look up the userdiff driver for the given filespec, and return it if
+ * and only if it has textconv enabled (otherwise return NULL). The result
+ * can be passed to fill_textconv().
+ */
+struct userdiff_driver *get_textconv(struct diff_filespec *one);
 
-extern struct userdiff_driver *get_textconv(struct diff_filespec *one);
+/*
+ * Prepare diff_filespec and convert it using diff textconv API
+ * if the textconv driver exists.
+ * Return 1 if the conversion succeeds, 0 otherwise.
+ */
+int textconv_object(const char *path, unsigned mode, const struct object_id *oid, int oid_valid, char **buf, unsigned long *buf_size);
 
-extern int parse_rename_score(const char **cp_p);
+int parse_rename_score(const char **cp_p);
 
-extern long parse_algorithm_value(const char *value);
+long parse_algorithm_value(const char *value);
 
-extern int print_stat_summary(FILE *fp, int files,
-			      int insertions, int deletions);
-extern void setup_diff_pager(struct diff_options *);
+void print_stat_summary(FILE *fp, int files,
+			int insertions, int deletions);
+void setup_diff_pager(struct diff_options *);
 
 #endif /* DIFF_H */
diff --git a/diffcore-break.c b/diffcore-break.c
index 5473493e10..c64359f489 100644
--- a/diffcore-break.c
+++ b/diffcore-break.c
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ static int should_break(struct diff_filespec *src,
 		return 1; /* even their types are different */
 	}
 
-	if (src->sha1_valid && dst->sha1_valid &&
-	    !hashcmp(src->sha1, dst->sha1))
+	if (src->oid_valid && dst->oid_valid &&
+	    !oidcmp(&src->oid, &dst->oid))
 		return 0; /* they are the same */
 
 	if (diff_populate_filespec(src, 0) || diff_populate_filespec(dst, 0))
@@ -73,7 +73,6 @@ static int should_break(struct diff_filespec *src,
 
 	if (diffcore_count_changes(src, dst,
 				   &src->cnt_data, &dst->cnt_data,
-				   0,
 				   &src_copied, &literal_added))
 		return 0;
 
diff --git a/diffcore-delta.c b/diffcore-delta.c
index 7cf431d261..c83d45a047 100644
--- a/diffcore-delta.c
+++ b/diffcore-delta.c
@@ -48,15 +48,16 @@ struct spanhash_top {
 
 static struct spanhash_top *spanhash_rehash(struct spanhash_top *orig)
 {
-	struct spanhash_top *new;
+	struct spanhash_top *new_spanhash;
 	int i;
 	int osz = 1 << orig->alloc_log2;
 	int sz = osz << 1;
 
-	new = xmalloc(sizeof(*orig) + sizeof(struct spanhash) * sz);
-	new->alloc_log2 = orig->alloc_log2 + 1;
-	new->free = INITIAL_FREE(new->alloc_log2);
-	memset(new->data, 0, sizeof(struct spanhash) * sz);
+	new_spanhash = xmalloc(st_add(sizeof(*orig),
+			     st_mult(sizeof(struct spanhash), sz)));
+	new_spanhash->alloc_log2 = orig->alloc_log2 + 1;
+	new_spanhash->free = INITIAL_FREE(new_spanhash->alloc_log2);
+	memset(new_spanhash->data, 0, sizeof(struct spanhash) * sz);
 	for (i = 0; i < osz; i++) {
 		struct spanhash *o = &(orig->data[i]);
 		int bucket;
@@ -64,11 +65,11 @@ static struct spanhash_top *spanhash_rehash(struct spanhash_top *orig)
 			continue;
 		bucket = o->hashval & (sz - 1);
 		while (1) {
-			struct spanhash *h = &(new->data[bucket++]);
+			struct spanhash *h = &(new_spanhash->data[bucket++]);
 			if (!h->cnt) {
 				h->hashval = o->hashval;
 				h->cnt = o->cnt;
-				new->free--;
+				new_spanhash->free--;
 				break;
 			}
 			if (sz <= bucket)
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ static struct spanhash_top *spanhash_rehash(struct spanhash_top *orig)
 		}
 	}
 	free(orig);
-	return new;
+	return new_spanhash;
 }
 
 static struct spanhash_top *add_spanhash(struct spanhash_top *top,
@@ -130,7 +131,8 @@ static struct spanhash_top *hash_chars(struct diff_filespec *one)
 	int is_text = !diff_filespec_is_binary(one);
 
 	i = INITIAL_HASH_SIZE;
-	hash = xmalloc(sizeof(*hash) + sizeof(struct spanhash) * (1<<i));
+	hash = xmalloc(st_add(sizeof(*hash),
+			      st_mult(sizeof(struct spanhash), 1<<i)));
 	hash->alloc_log2 = i;
 	hash->free = INITIAL_FREE(i);
 	memset(hash->data, 0, sizeof(struct spanhash) * (1<<i));
@@ -156,10 +158,7 @@ static struct spanhash_top *hash_chars(struct diff_filespec *one)
 		n = 0;
 		accum1 = accum2 = 0;
 	}
-	qsort(hash->data,
-		1ul << hash->alloc_log2,
-		sizeof(hash->data[0]),
-		spanhash_cmp);
+	QSORT(hash->data, 1ul << hash->alloc_log2, spanhash_cmp);
 	return hash;
 }
 
@@ -167,7 +166,6 @@ int diffcore_count_changes(struct diff_filespec *src,
 			   struct diff_filespec *dst,
 			   void **src_count_p,
 			   void **dst_count_p,
-			   unsigned long delta_limit,
 			   unsigned long *src_copied,
 			   unsigned long *literal_added)
 {
diff --git a/diffcore-order.c b/diffcore-order.c
index 97dd3d0095..19e73311f9 100644
--- a/diffcore-order.c
+++ b/diffcore-order.c
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ static void prepare_order(const char *orderfile)
 		}
 		if (pass == 0) {
 			order_cnt = cnt;
-			order = xmalloc(sizeof(*order) * cnt);
+			ALLOC_ARRAY(order, cnt);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ static int match_order(const char *path)
 		strbuf_addstr(&p, path);
 		while (p.buf[0]) {
 			char *cp;
-			if (!wildmatch(order[i], p.buf, 0, NULL))
+			if (!wildmatch(order[i], p.buf, 0))
 				return i;
 			cp = strrchr(p.buf, '/');
 			if (!cp)
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ void order_objects(const char *orderfile, obj_path_fn_t obj_path,
 		objs[i].orig_order = i;
 		objs[i].order = match_order(obj_path(objs[i].obj));
 	}
-	qsort(objs, nr, sizeof(*objs), compare_objs_order);
+	QSORT(objs, nr, compare_objs_order);
 }
 
 static const char *pair_pathtwo(void *obj)
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ void diffcore_order(const char *orderfile)
 	if (!q->nr)
 		return;
 
-	o = xmalloc(sizeof(*o) * q->nr);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(o, q->nr);
 	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++)
 		o[i].obj = q->queue[i];
 	order_objects(orderfile, pair_pathtwo, o, q->nr);
diff --git a/diffcore-pickaxe.c b/diffcore-pickaxe.c
index 185f86b284..800a899c86 100644
--- a/diffcore-pickaxe.c
+++ b/diffcore-pickaxe.c
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 #include "diffcore.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 #include "kwset.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "quote.h"
 
 typedef int (*pickaxe_fn)(mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two,
 			  struct diff_options *o,
@@ -21,7 +23,6 @@ static void diffgrep_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 {
 	struct diffgrep_cb *data = priv;
 	regmatch_t regmatch;
-	int hold;
 
 	if (line[0] != '+' && line[0] != '-')
 		return;
@@ -31,11 +32,8 @@ static void diffgrep_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 		 * caller early.
 		 */
 		return;
-	/* Yuck -- line ought to be "const char *"! */
-	hold = line[len];
-	line[len] = '\0';
-	data->hit = !regexec(data->regexp, line + 1, 1, &regmatch, 0);
-	line[len] = hold;
+	data->hit = !regexec_buf(data->regexp, line + 1, len - 1, 1,
+				 &regmatch, 0);
 }
 
 static int diff_grep(mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two,
@@ -48,9 +46,11 @@ static int diff_grep(mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two,
 	xdemitconf_t xecfg;
 
 	if (!one)
-		return !regexec(regexp, two->ptr, 1, &regmatch, 0);
+		return !regexec_buf(regexp, two->ptr, two->size,
+				    1, &regmatch, 0);
 	if (!two)
-		return !regexec(regexp, one->ptr, 1, &regmatch, 0);
+		return !regexec_buf(regexp, one->ptr, one->size,
+				    1, &regmatch, 0);
 
 	/*
 	 * We have both sides; need to run textual diff and see if
@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@ static int diff_grep(mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two,
 	ecbdata.hit = 0;
 	xecfg.ctxlen = o->context;
 	xecfg.interhunkctxlen = o->interhunkcontext;
-	xdi_diff_outf(one, two, diffgrep_consume, &ecbdata,
-		      &xpp, &xecfg);
+	if (xdi_diff_outf(one, two, diffgrep_consume, &ecbdata, &xpp, &xecfg))
+		return 0;
 	return ecbdata.hit;
 }
 
@@ -81,12 +81,15 @@ static unsigned int contains(mmfile_t *mf, regex_t *regexp, kwset_t kws)
 		regmatch_t regmatch;
 		int flags = 0;
 
-		assert(data[sz] == '\0');
-		while (*data && !regexec(regexp, data, 1, &regmatch, flags)) {
+		while (sz && *data &&
+		       !regexec_buf(regexp, data, sz, 1, &regmatch, flags)) {
 			flags |= REG_NOTBOL;
 			data += regmatch.rm_eo;
-			if (*data && regmatch.rm_so == regmatch.rm_eo)
+			sz -= regmatch.rm_eo;
+			if (sz && *data && regmatch.rm_so == regmatch.rm_eo) {
 				data++;
+				sz--;
+			}
 			cnt++;
 		}
 
@@ -121,14 +124,21 @@ static int pickaxe_match(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o,
 	mmfile_t mf1, mf2;
 	int ret;
 
-	if (!o->pickaxe[0])
-		return 0;
-
 	/* ignore unmerged */
 	if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->one) && !DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two))
 		return 0;
 
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, ALLOW_TEXTCONV)) {
+	if (o->objfind) {
+		return  (DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->one) &&
+			 oidset_contains(o->objfind, &p->one->oid)) ||
+			(DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two) &&
+			 oidset_contains(o->objfind, &p->two->oid));
+	}
+
+	if (!o->pickaxe[0])
+		return 0;
+
+	if (o->flags.allow_textconv) {
 		textconv_one = get_textconv(p->one);
 		textconv_two = get_textconv(p->two);
 	}
@@ -198,6 +208,17 @@ static void pickaxe(struct diff_queue_struct *q, struct diff_options *o,
 	*q = outq;
 }
 
+static void regcomp_or_die(regex_t *regex, const char *needle, int cflags)
+{
+	int err = regcomp(regex, needle, cflags);
+	if (err) {
+		/* The POSIX.2 people are surely sick */
+		char errbuf[1024];
+		regerror(err, regex, errbuf, 1024);
+		die("invalid regex: %s", errbuf);
+	}
+}
+
 void diffcore_pickaxe(struct diff_options *o)
 {
 	const char *needle = o->pickaxe;
@@ -206,33 +227,35 @@ void diffcore_pickaxe(struct diff_options *o)
 	kwset_t kws = NULL;
 
 	if (opts & (DIFF_PICKAXE_REGEX | DIFF_PICKAXE_KIND_G)) {
-		int err;
 		int cflags = REG_EXTENDED | REG_NEWLINE;
-		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, PICKAXE_IGNORE_CASE))
+		if (o->pickaxe_opts & DIFF_PICKAXE_IGNORE_CASE)
 			cflags |= REG_ICASE;
-		err = regcomp(&regex, needle, cflags);
-		if (err) {
-			/* The POSIX.2 people are surely sick */
-			char errbuf[1024];
-			regerror(err, &regex, errbuf, 1024);
-			regfree(&regex);
-			die("invalid regex: %s", errbuf);
-		}
+		regcomp_or_die(&regex, needle, cflags);
 		regexp = &regex;
-	} else {
-		kws = kwsalloc(DIFF_OPT_TST(o, PICKAXE_IGNORE_CASE)
-			       ? tolower_trans_tbl : NULL);
-		kwsincr(kws, needle, strlen(needle));
-		kwsprep(kws);
+	} else if (opts & DIFF_PICKAXE_KIND_S) {
+		if (o->pickaxe_opts & DIFF_PICKAXE_IGNORE_CASE &&
+		    has_non_ascii(needle)) {
+			struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+			int cflags = REG_NEWLINE | REG_ICASE;
+
+			basic_regex_quote_buf(&sb, needle);
+			regcomp_or_die(&regex, sb.buf, cflags);
+			strbuf_release(&sb);
+			regexp = &regex;
+		} else {
+			kws = kwsalloc(o->pickaxe_opts & DIFF_PICKAXE_IGNORE_CASE
+				       ? tolower_trans_tbl : NULL);
+			kwsincr(kws, needle, strlen(needle));
+			kwsprep(kws);
+		}
 	}
 
-	/* Might want to warn when both S and G are on; I don't care... */
 	pickaxe(&diff_queued_diff, o, regexp, kws,
 		(opts & DIFF_PICKAXE_KIND_G) ? diff_grep : has_changes);
 
 	if (regexp)
 		regfree(regexp);
-	else
+	if (kws)
 		kwsfree(kws);
 	return;
 }
diff --git a/diffcore-rename.c b/diffcore-rename.c
index af1fe08861..d775183c2f 100644
--- a/diffcore-rename.c
+++ b/diffcore-rename.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "diffcore.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "hashmap.h"
 #include "progress.h"
 
@@ -57,10 +58,11 @@ static int add_rename_dst(struct diff_filespec *two)
 	ALLOC_GROW(rename_dst, rename_dst_nr + 1, rename_dst_alloc);
 	rename_dst_nr++;
 	if (first < rename_dst_nr)
-		memmove(rename_dst + first + 1, rename_dst + first,
-			(rename_dst_nr - first - 1) * sizeof(*rename_dst));
+		MOVE_ARRAY(rename_dst + first + 1, rename_dst + first,
+			   rename_dst_nr - first - 1);
 	rename_dst[first].two = alloc_filespec(two->path);
-	fill_filespec(rename_dst[first].two, two->sha1, two->sha1_valid, two->mode);
+	fill_filespec(rename_dst[first].two, &two->oid, two->oid_valid,
+		      two->mode);
 	rename_dst[first].pair = NULL;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -97,8 +99,8 @@ static struct diff_rename_src *register_rename_src(struct diff_filepair *p)
 	ALLOC_GROW(rename_src, rename_src_nr + 1, rename_src_alloc);
 	rename_src_nr++;
 	if (first < rename_src_nr)
-		memmove(rename_src + first + 1, rename_src + first,
-			(rename_src_nr - first - 1) * sizeof(*rename_src));
+		MOVE_ARRAY(rename_src + first + 1, rename_src + first,
+			   rename_src_nr - first - 1);
 	rename_src[first].p = p;
 	rename_src[first].score = score;
 	return &(rename_src[first]);
@@ -144,7 +146,6 @@ static int estimate_similarity(struct diff_filespec *src,
 	 * call into this function in that case.
 	 */
 	unsigned long max_size, delta_size, base_size, src_copied, literal_added;
-	unsigned long delta_limit;
 	int score;
 
 	/* We deal only with regular files.  Symlink renames are handled
@@ -190,11 +191,8 @@ static int estimate_similarity(struct diff_filespec *src,
 	if (!dst->cnt_data && diff_populate_filespec(dst, 0))
 		return 0;
 
-	delta_limit = (unsigned long)
-		(base_size * (MAX_SCORE-minimum_score) / MAX_SCORE);
 	if (diffcore_count_changes(src, dst,
 				   &src->cnt_data, &dst->cnt_data,
-				   delta_limit,
 				   &src_copied, &literal_added))
 		return 0;
 
@@ -260,12 +258,13 @@ struct file_similarity {
 
 static unsigned int hash_filespec(struct diff_filespec *filespec)
 {
-	if (!filespec->sha1_valid) {
+	if (!filespec->oid_valid) {
 		if (diff_populate_filespec(filespec, 0))
 			return 0;
-		hash_sha1_file(filespec->data, filespec->size, "blob", filespec->sha1);
+		hash_object_file(filespec->data, filespec->size, "blob",
+				 &filespec->oid);
 	}
-	return sha1hash(filespec->sha1);
+	return sha1hash(filespec->oid.hash);
 }
 
 static int find_identical_files(struct hashmap *srcs,
@@ -287,7 +286,7 @@ static int find_identical_files(struct hashmap *srcs,
 		struct diff_filespec *source = p->filespec;
 
 		/* False hash collision? */
-		if (hashcmp(source->sha1, target->sha1))
+		if (oidcmp(&source->oid, &target->oid))
 			continue;
 		/* Non-regular files? If so, the modes must match! */
 		if (!S_ISREG(source->mode) || !S_ISREG(target->mode)) {
@@ -340,9 +339,11 @@ static int find_exact_renames(struct diff_options *options)
 	int i, renames = 0;
 	struct hashmap file_table;
 
-	/* Add all sources to the hash table */
-	hashmap_init(&file_table, NULL, rename_src_nr);
-	for (i = 0; i < rename_src_nr; i++)
+	/* Add all sources to the hash table in reverse order, because
+	 * later on they will be retrieved in LIFO order.
+	 */
+	hashmap_init(&file_table, NULL, NULL, rename_src_nr);
+	for (i = rename_src_nr-1; i >= 0; i--)
 		insert_file_table(&file_table, i, rename_src[i].p->one);
 
 	/* Walk the destinations and find best source match */
@@ -391,21 +392,19 @@ static int too_many_rename_candidates(int num_create,
 	 * growing larger than a "rename_limit" square matrix, ie:
 	 *
 	 *    num_create * num_src > rename_limit * rename_limit
-	 *
-	 * but handles the potential overflow case specially (and we
-	 * assume at least 32-bit integers)
 	 */
-	if (rename_limit <= 0 || rename_limit > 32767)
+	if (rename_limit <= 0)
 		rename_limit = 32767;
 	if ((num_create <= rename_limit || num_src <= rename_limit) &&
-	    (num_create * num_src <= rename_limit * rename_limit))
+	    ((uint64_t)num_create * (uint64_t)num_src
+	     <= (uint64_t)rename_limit * (uint64_t)rename_limit))
 		return 0;
 
 	options->needed_rename_limit =
 		num_src > num_create ? num_src : num_create;
 
 	/* Are we running under -C -C? */
-	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(options, FIND_COPIES_HARDER))
+	if (!options->flags.find_copies_harder)
 		return 1;
 
 	/* Would we bust the limit if we were running under -C? */
@@ -415,7 +414,8 @@ static int too_many_rename_candidates(int num_create,
 		num_src++;
 	}
 	if ((num_create <= rename_limit || num_src <= rename_limit) &&
-	    (num_create * num_src <= rename_limit * rename_limit))
+	    ((uint64_t)num_create * (uint64_t)num_src
+	     <= (uint64_t)rename_limit * (uint64_t)rename_limit))
 		return 2;
 	return 1;
 }
@@ -463,8 +463,8 @@ void diffcore_rename(struct diff_options *options)
 			else if (options->single_follow &&
 				 strcmp(options->single_follow, p->two->path))
 				continue; /* not interested */
-			else if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(options, RENAME_EMPTY) &&
-				 is_empty_blob_sha1(p->two->sha1))
+			else if (!options->flags.rename_empty &&
+				 is_empty_blob_oid(&p->two->oid))
 				continue;
 			else if (add_rename_dst(p->two) < 0) {
 				warning("skipping rename detection, detected"
@@ -473,8 +473,8 @@ void diffcore_rename(struct diff_options *options)
 				goto cleanup;
 			}
 		}
-		else if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(options, RENAME_EMPTY) &&
-			 is_empty_blob_sha1(p->one->sha1))
+		else if (!options->flags.rename_empty &&
+			 is_empty_blob_oid(&p->one->oid))
 			continue;
 		else if (!DIFF_PAIR_UNMERGED(p) && !DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two)) {
 			/*
@@ -532,12 +532,12 @@ void diffcore_rename(struct diff_options *options)
 	}
 
 	if (options->show_rename_progress) {
-		progress = start_progress_delay(
+		progress = start_delayed_progress(
 				_("Performing inexact rename detection"),
-				rename_dst_nr * rename_src_nr, 50, 1);
+				(uint64_t)rename_dst_nr * (uint64_t)rename_src_nr);
 	}
 
-	mx = xcalloc(num_create * NUM_CANDIDATE_PER_DST, sizeof(*mx));
+	mx = xcalloc(st_mult(NUM_CANDIDATE_PER_DST, num_create), sizeof(*mx));
 	for (dst_cnt = i = 0; i < rename_dst_nr; i++) {
 		struct diff_filespec *two = rename_dst[i].two;
 		struct diff_score *m;
@@ -571,12 +571,12 @@ void diffcore_rename(struct diff_options *options)
 			diff_free_filespec_blob(two);
 		}
 		dst_cnt++;
-		display_progress(progress, (i+1)*rename_src_nr);
+		display_progress(progress, (uint64_t)(i+1)*(uint64_t)rename_src_nr);
 	}
 	stop_progress(&progress);
 
 	/* cost matrix sorted by most to least similar pair */
-	qsort(mx, dst_cnt * NUM_CANDIDATE_PER_DST, sizeof(*mx), score_compare);
+	QSORT(mx, dst_cnt * NUM_CANDIDATE_PER_DST, score_compare);
 
 	rename_count += find_renames(mx, dst_cnt, minimum_score, 0);
 	if (detect_rename == DIFF_DETECT_COPY)
@@ -667,11 +667,9 @@ void diffcore_rename(struct diff_options *options)
 	for (i = 0; i < rename_dst_nr; i++)
 		free_filespec(rename_dst[i].two);
 
-	free(rename_dst);
-	rename_dst = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(rename_dst);
 	rename_dst_nr = rename_dst_alloc = 0;
-	free(rename_src);
-	rename_src = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(rename_src);
 	rename_src_nr = rename_src_alloc = 0;
 	return;
 }
diff --git a/diffcore.h b/diffcore.h
index 33ea2de348..8d81a45f51 100644
--- a/diffcore.h
+++ b/diffcore.h
@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@
 #ifndef DIFFCORE_H
 #define DIFFCORE_H
 
+#include "cache.h"
+
+struct diff_options;
+
 /* This header file is internal between diff.c and its diff transformers
  * (e.g. diffcore-rename, diffcore-pickaxe).  Never include this header
  * in anything else.
@@ -25,7 +29,7 @@
 struct userdiff_driver;
 
 struct diff_filespec {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	char *path;
 	void *data;
 	void *cnt_data;
@@ -33,7 +37,7 @@ struct diff_filespec {
 	int count;               /* Reference count */
 	int rename_used;         /* Count of rename users */
 	unsigned short mode;	 /* file mode */
-	unsigned sha1_valid : 1; /* if true, use sha1 and trust mode;
+	unsigned oid_valid : 1;  /* if true, use oid and trust mode;
 				  * if false, use the name and read from
 				  * the filesystem.
 				  */
@@ -50,17 +54,17 @@ struct diff_filespec {
 	struct userdiff_driver *driver;
 };
 
-extern struct diff_filespec *alloc_filespec(const char *);
-extern void free_filespec(struct diff_filespec *);
-extern void fill_filespec(struct diff_filespec *, const unsigned char *,
-			  int, unsigned short);
+struct diff_filespec *alloc_filespec(const char *);
+void free_filespec(struct diff_filespec *);
+void fill_filespec(struct diff_filespec *, const struct object_id *,
+		   int, unsigned short);
 
 #define CHECK_SIZE_ONLY 1
 #define CHECK_BINARY    2
-extern int diff_populate_filespec(struct diff_filespec *, unsigned int);
-extern void diff_free_filespec_data(struct diff_filespec *);
-extern void diff_free_filespec_blob(struct diff_filespec *);
-extern int diff_filespec_is_binary(struct diff_filespec *);
+int diff_populate_filespec(struct diff_filespec *, unsigned int);
+void diff_free_filespec_data(struct diff_filespec *);
+void diff_free_filespec_blob(struct diff_filespec *);
+int diff_filespec_is_binary(struct diff_filespec *);
 
 struct diff_filepair {
 	struct diff_filespec *one;
@@ -86,9 +90,9 @@ struct diff_filepair {
 
 #define DIFF_PAIR_MODE_CHANGED(p) ((p)->one->mode != (p)->two->mode)
 
-extern void diff_free_filepair(struct diff_filepair *);
+void diff_free_filepair(struct diff_filepair *);
 
-extern int diff_unmodified_pair(struct diff_filepair *);
+int diff_unmodified_pair(struct diff_filepair *);
 
 struct diff_queue_struct {
 	struct diff_filepair **queue;
@@ -102,16 +106,16 @@ struct diff_queue_struct {
 	} while (0)
 
 extern struct diff_queue_struct diff_queued_diff;
-extern struct diff_filepair *diff_queue(struct diff_queue_struct *,
-					struct diff_filespec *,
-					struct diff_filespec *);
-extern void diff_q(struct diff_queue_struct *, struct diff_filepair *);
+struct diff_filepair *diff_queue(struct diff_queue_struct *,
+				 struct diff_filespec *,
+				 struct diff_filespec *);
+void diff_q(struct diff_queue_struct *, struct diff_filepair *);
 
-extern void diffcore_break(int);
-extern void diffcore_rename(struct diff_options *);
-extern void diffcore_merge_broken(void);
-extern void diffcore_pickaxe(struct diff_options *);
-extern void diffcore_order(const char *orderfile);
+void diffcore_break(int);
+void diffcore_rename(struct diff_options *);
+void diffcore_merge_broken(void);
+void diffcore_pickaxe(struct diff_options *);
+void diffcore_order(const char *orderfile);
 
 /* low-level interface to diffcore_order */
 struct obj_order {
@@ -138,12 +142,11 @@ void diff_debug_queue(const char *, struct diff_queue_struct *);
 #define diff_debug_queue(a,b) do { /* nothing */ } while (0)
 #endif
 
-extern int diffcore_count_changes(struct diff_filespec *src,
-				  struct diff_filespec *dst,
-				  void **src_count_p,
-				  void **dst_count_p,
-				  unsigned long delta_limit,
-				  unsigned long *src_copied,
-				  unsigned long *literal_added);
+int diffcore_count_changes(struct diff_filespec *src,
+			   struct diff_filespec *dst,
+			   void **src_count_p,
+			   void **dst_count_p,
+			   unsigned long *src_copied,
+			   unsigned long *literal_added);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/dir-iterator.c b/dir-iterator.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f2dcd82fde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dir-iterator.c
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "iterator.h"
+#include "dir-iterator.h"
+
+struct dir_iterator_level {
+	int initialized;
+
+	DIR *dir;
+
+	/*
+	 * The length of the directory part of path at this level
+	 * (including a trailing '/'):
+	 */
+	size_t prefix_len;
+
+	/*
+	 * The last action that has been taken with the current entry
+	 * (needed for directories, which have to be included in the
+	 * iteration and also iterated into):
+	 */
+	enum {
+		DIR_STATE_ITER,
+		DIR_STATE_RECURSE
+	} dir_state;
+};
+
+/*
+ * The full data structure used to manage the internal directory
+ * iteration state. It includes members that are not part of the
+ * public interface.
+ */
+struct dir_iterator_int {
+	struct dir_iterator base;
+
+	/*
+	 * The number of levels currently on the stack. This is always
+	 * at least 1, because when it becomes zero the iteration is
+	 * ended and this struct is freed.
+	 */
+	size_t levels_nr;
+
+	/* The number of levels that have been allocated on the stack */
+	size_t levels_alloc;
+
+	/*
+	 * A stack of levels. levels[0] is the uppermost directory
+	 * that will be included in this iteration.
+	 */
+	struct dir_iterator_level *levels;
+};
+
+int dir_iterator_advance(struct dir_iterator *dir_iterator)
+{
+	struct dir_iterator_int *iter =
+		(struct dir_iterator_int *)dir_iterator;
+
+	while (1) {
+		struct dir_iterator_level *level =
+			&iter->levels[iter->levels_nr - 1];
+		struct dirent *de;
+
+		if (!level->initialized) {
+			/*
+			 * Note: dir_iterator_begin() ensures that
+			 * path is not the empty string.
+			 */
+			if (!is_dir_sep(iter->base.path.buf[iter->base.path.len - 1]))
+				strbuf_addch(&iter->base.path, '/');
+			level->prefix_len = iter->base.path.len;
+
+			level->dir = opendir(iter->base.path.buf);
+			if (!level->dir && errno != ENOENT) {
+				warning("error opening directory %s: %s",
+					iter->base.path.buf, strerror(errno));
+				/* Popping the level is handled below */
+			}
+
+			level->initialized = 1;
+		} else if (S_ISDIR(iter->base.st.st_mode)) {
+			if (level->dir_state == DIR_STATE_ITER) {
+				/*
+				 * The directory was just iterated
+				 * over; now prepare to iterate into
+				 * it.
+				 */
+				level->dir_state = DIR_STATE_RECURSE;
+				ALLOC_GROW(iter->levels, iter->levels_nr + 1,
+					   iter->levels_alloc);
+				level = &iter->levels[iter->levels_nr++];
+				level->initialized = 0;
+				continue;
+			} else {
+				/*
+				 * The directory has already been
+				 * iterated over and iterated into;
+				 * we're done with it.
+				 */
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (!level->dir) {
+			/*
+			 * This level is exhausted (or wasn't opened
+			 * successfully); pop up a level.
+			 */
+			if (--iter->levels_nr == 0)
+				return dir_iterator_abort(dir_iterator);
+
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Loop until we find an entry that we can give back
+		 * to the caller:
+		 */
+		while (1) {
+			strbuf_setlen(&iter->base.path, level->prefix_len);
+			errno = 0;
+			de = readdir(level->dir);
+
+			if (!de) {
+				/* This level is exhausted; pop up a level. */
+				if (errno) {
+					warning("error reading directory %s: %s",
+						iter->base.path.buf, strerror(errno));
+				} else if (closedir(level->dir))
+					warning("error closing directory %s: %s",
+						iter->base.path.buf, strerror(errno));
+
+				level->dir = NULL;
+				if (--iter->levels_nr == 0)
+					return dir_iterator_abort(dir_iterator);
+				break;
+			}
+
+			if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name))
+				continue;
+
+			strbuf_addstr(&iter->base.path, de->d_name);
+			if (lstat(iter->base.path.buf, &iter->base.st) < 0) {
+				if (errno != ENOENT)
+					warning("error reading path '%s': %s",
+						iter->base.path.buf,
+						strerror(errno));
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * We have to set these each time because
+			 * the path strbuf might have been realloc()ed.
+			 */
+			iter->base.relative_path =
+				iter->base.path.buf + iter->levels[0].prefix_len;
+			iter->base.basename =
+				iter->base.path.buf + level->prefix_len;
+			level->dir_state = DIR_STATE_ITER;
+
+			return ITER_OK;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int dir_iterator_abort(struct dir_iterator *dir_iterator)
+{
+	struct dir_iterator_int *iter = (struct dir_iterator_int *)dir_iterator;
+
+	for (; iter->levels_nr; iter->levels_nr--) {
+		struct dir_iterator_level *level =
+			&iter->levels[iter->levels_nr - 1];
+
+		if (level->dir && closedir(level->dir)) {
+			strbuf_setlen(&iter->base.path, level->prefix_len);
+			warning("error closing directory %s: %s",
+				iter->base.path.buf, strerror(errno));
+		}
+	}
+
+	free(iter->levels);
+	strbuf_release(&iter->base.path);
+	free(iter);
+	return ITER_DONE;
+}
+
+struct dir_iterator *dir_iterator_begin(const char *path)
+{
+	struct dir_iterator_int *iter = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*iter));
+	struct dir_iterator *dir_iterator = &iter->base;
+
+	if (!path || !*path)
+		BUG("empty path passed to dir_iterator_begin()");
+
+	strbuf_init(&iter->base.path, PATH_MAX);
+	strbuf_addstr(&iter->base.path, path);
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(iter->levels, 10, iter->levels_alloc);
+
+	iter->levels_nr = 1;
+	iter->levels[0].initialized = 0;
+
+	return dir_iterator;
+}
diff --git a/dir-iterator.h b/dir-iterator.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..970793d07a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dir-iterator.h
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+#ifndef DIR_ITERATOR_H
+#define DIR_ITERATOR_H
+
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+/*
+ * Iterate over a directory tree.
+ *
+ * Iterate over a directory tree, recursively, including paths of all
+ * types and hidden paths. Skip "." and ".." entries and don't follow
+ * symlinks except for the original path.
+ *
+ * Every time dir_iterator_advance() is called, update the members of
+ * the dir_iterator structure to reflect the next path in the
+ * iteration. The order that paths are iterated over within a
+ * directory is undefined, but directory paths are always iterated
+ * over before the subdirectory contents.
+ *
+ * A typical iteration looks like this:
+ *
+ *     int ok;
+ *     struct iterator *iter = dir_iterator_begin(path);
+ *
+ *     while ((ok = dir_iterator_advance(iter)) == ITER_OK) {
+ *             if (want_to_stop_iteration()) {
+ *                     ok = dir_iterator_abort(iter);
+ *                     break;
+ *             }
+ *
+ *             // Access information about the current path:
+ *             if (S_ISDIR(iter->st.st_mode))
+ *                     printf("%s is a directory\n", iter->relative_path);
+ *     }
+ *
+ *     if (ok != ITER_DONE)
+ *             handle_error();
+ *
+ * Callers are allowed to modify iter->path while they are working,
+ * but they must restore it to its original contents before calling
+ * dir_iterator_advance() again.
+ */
+
+struct dir_iterator {
+	/* The current path: */
+	struct strbuf path;
+
+	/*
+	 * The current path relative to the starting path. This part
+	 * of the path always uses "/" characters to separate path
+	 * components:
+	 */
+	const char *relative_path;
+
+	/* The current basename: */
+	const char *basename;
+
+	/* The result of calling lstat() on path: */
+	struct stat st;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Start a directory iteration over path. Return a dir_iterator that
+ * holds the internal state of the iteration.
+ *
+ * The iteration includes all paths under path, not including path
+ * itself and not including "." or ".." entries.
+ *
+ * path is the starting directory. An internal copy will be made.
+ */
+struct dir_iterator *dir_iterator_begin(const char *path);
+
+/*
+ * Advance the iterator to the first or next item and return ITER_OK.
+ * If the iteration is exhausted, free the dir_iterator and any
+ * resources associated with it and return ITER_DONE. On error, free
+ * dir_iterator and associated resources and return ITER_ERROR. It is
+ * a bug to use iterator or call this function again after it has
+ * returned ITER_DONE or ITER_ERROR.
+ */
+int dir_iterator_advance(struct dir_iterator *iterator);
+
+/*
+ * End the iteration before it has been exhausted. Free the
+ * dir_iterator and any associated resources and return ITER_DONE. On
+ * error, free the dir_iterator and return ITER_ERROR.
+ */
+int dir_iterator_abort(struct dir_iterator *iterator);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/dir.c b/dir.c
index 3f7a0256b6..aceb0d4869 100644
--- a/dir.c
+++ b/dir.c
@@ -7,16 +7,20 @@
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005-2006
  *		 Junio Hamano, 2005-2006
  */
+#define NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "attr.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "wildmatch.h"
 #include "pathspec.h"
-
-struct path_simplify {
-	int len;
-	const char *path;
-};
+#include "utf8.h"
+#include "varint.h"
+#include "ewah/ewok.h"
+#include "fsmonitor.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
 
 /*
  * Tells read_directory_recursive how a file or directory should be treated.
@@ -31,27 +35,44 @@ enum path_treatment {
 	path_untracked
 };
 
+/*
+ * Support data structure for our opendir/readdir/closedir wrappers
+ */
+struct cached_dir {
+	DIR *fdir;
+	struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked;
+	int nr_files;
+	int nr_dirs;
+
+	struct dirent *de;
+	const char *file;
+	struct untracked_cache_dir *ucd;
+};
+
 static enum path_treatment read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir,
-	const char *path, int len,
-	int check_only, const struct path_simplify *simplify);
-static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, const char *path, int len);
+	struct index_state *istate, const char *path, int len,
+	struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked,
+	int check_only, int stop_at_first_file, const struct pathspec *pathspec);
+static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, struct index_state *istate,
+		     const char *path, int len);
 
-/* helper string functions with support for the ignore_case flag */
-int strcmp_icase(const char *a, const char *b)
+int count_slashes(const char *s)
 {
-	return ignore_case ? strcasecmp(a, b) : strcmp(a, b);
+	int cnt = 0;
+	while (*s)
+		if (*s++ == '/')
+			cnt++;
+	return cnt;
 }
 
-int strncmp_icase(const char *a, const char *b, size_t count)
+int fspathcmp(const char *a, const char *b)
 {
-	return ignore_case ? strncasecmp(a, b, count) : strncmp(a, b, count);
+	return ignore_case ? strcasecmp(a, b) : strcmp(a, b);
 }
 
-int fnmatch_icase(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags)
+int fspathncmp(const char *a, const char *b, size_t count)
 {
-	return wildmatch(pattern, string,
-			 flags | (ignore_case ? WM_CASEFOLD : 0),
-			 NULL);
+	return ignore_case ? strncasecmp(a, b, count) : strncmp(a, b, count);
 }
 
 int git_fnmatch(const struct pathspec_item *item,
@@ -74,13 +95,11 @@ int git_fnmatch(const struct pathspec_item *item,
 	if (item->magic & PATHSPEC_GLOB)
 		return wildmatch(pattern, string,
 				 WM_PATHNAME |
-				 (item->magic & PATHSPEC_ICASE ? WM_CASEFOLD : 0),
-				 NULL);
+				 (item->magic & PATHSPEC_ICASE ? WM_CASEFOLD : 0));
 	else
 		/* wildmatch has not learned no FNM_PATHNAME mode yet */
 		return wildmatch(pattern, string,
-				 item->magic & PATHSPEC_ICASE ? WM_CASEFOLD : 0,
-				 NULL);
+				 item->magic & PATHSPEC_ICASE ? WM_CASEFOLD : 0);
 }
 
 static int fnmatch_icase_mem(const char *pattern, int patternlen,
@@ -104,7 +123,7 @@ static int fnmatch_icase_mem(const char *pattern, int patternlen,
 
 	if (ignore_case)
 		flags |= WM_CASEFOLD;
-	match_status = wildmatch(use_pat, use_str, flags, NULL);
+	match_status = wildmatch(use_pat, use_str, flags);
 
 	strbuf_release(&pat_buf);
 	strbuf_release(&str_buf);
@@ -130,7 +149,8 @@ static size_t common_prefix_len(const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 		       PATHSPEC_LITERAL |
 		       PATHSPEC_GLOB |
 		       PATHSPEC_ICASE |
-		       PATHSPEC_EXCLUDE);
+		       PATHSPEC_EXCLUDE |
+		       PATHSPEC_ATTR);
 
 	for (n = 0; n < pathspec->nr; n++) {
 		size_t i = 0, len = 0, item_len;
@@ -168,19 +188,24 @@ char *common_prefix(const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 	return len ? xmemdupz(pathspec->items[0].match, len) : NULL;
 }
 
-int fill_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const struct pathspec *pathspec)
+int fill_directory(struct dir_struct *dir,
+		   struct index_state *istate,
+		   const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
-	size_t len;
+	const char *prefix;
+	size_t prefix_len;
 
 	/*
 	 * Calculate common prefix for the pathspec, and
 	 * use that to optimize the directory walk
 	 */
-	len = common_prefix_len(pathspec);
+	prefix_len = common_prefix_len(pathspec);
+	prefix = prefix_len ? pathspec->items[0].match : "";
 
 	/* Read the directory and prune it */
-	read_directory(dir, pathspec->nr ? pathspec->_raw[0] : "", len, pathspec);
-	return len;
+	read_directory(dir, istate, prefix, prefix_len, pathspec);
+
+	return prefix_len;
 }
 
 int within_depth(const char *name, int namelen,
@@ -198,8 +223,89 @@ int within_depth(const char *name, int namelen,
 	return 1;
 }
 
-#define DO_MATCH_EXCLUDE   1
-#define DO_MATCH_DIRECTORY 2
+/*
+ * Read the contents of the blob with the given OID into a buffer.
+ * Append a trailing LF to the end if the last line doesn't have one.
+ *
+ * Returns:
+ *    -1 when the OID is invalid or unknown or does not refer to a blob.
+ *     0 when the blob is empty.
+ *     1 along with { data, size } of the (possibly augmented) buffer
+ *       when successful.
+ *
+ * Optionally updates the given oid_stat with the given OID (when valid).
+ */
+static int do_read_blob(const struct object_id *oid, struct oid_stat *oid_stat,
+			size_t *size_out, char **data_out)
+{
+	enum object_type type;
+	unsigned long sz;
+	char *data;
+
+	*size_out = 0;
+	*data_out = NULL;
+
+	data = read_object_file(oid, &type, &sz);
+	if (!data || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
+		free(data);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (oid_stat) {
+		memset(&oid_stat->stat, 0, sizeof(oid_stat->stat));
+		oidcpy(&oid_stat->oid, oid);
+	}
+
+	if (sz == 0) {
+		free(data);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (data[sz - 1] != '\n') {
+		data = xrealloc(data, st_add(sz, 1));
+		data[sz++] = '\n';
+	}
+
+	*size_out = xsize_t(sz);
+	*data_out = data;
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+#define DO_MATCH_EXCLUDE   (1<<0)
+#define DO_MATCH_DIRECTORY (1<<1)
+#define DO_MATCH_SUBMODULE (1<<2)
+
+static int match_attrs(const struct index_state *istate,
+		       const char *name, int namelen,
+		       const struct pathspec_item *item)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	git_check_attr(istate, name, item->attr_check);
+	for (i = 0; i < item->attr_match_nr; i++) {
+		const char *value;
+		int matched;
+		enum attr_match_mode match_mode;
+
+		value = item->attr_check->items[i].value;
+		match_mode = item->attr_match[i].match_mode;
+
+		if (ATTR_TRUE(value))
+			matched = (match_mode == MATCH_SET);
+		else if (ATTR_FALSE(value))
+			matched = (match_mode == MATCH_UNSET);
+		else if (ATTR_UNSET(value))
+			matched = (match_mode == MATCH_UNSPECIFIED);
+		else
+			matched = (match_mode == MATCH_VALUE &&
+				   !strcmp(item->attr_match[i].value, value));
+		if (!matched)
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
 
 /*
  * Does 'match' match the given name?
@@ -213,7 +319,8 @@ int within_depth(const char *name, int namelen,
  *
  * It returns 0 when there is no match.
  */
-static int match_pathspec_item(const struct pathspec_item *item, int prefix,
+static int match_pathspec_item(const struct index_state *istate,
+			       const struct pathspec_item *item, int prefix,
 			       const char *name, int namelen, unsigned flags)
 {
 	/* name/namelen has prefix cut off by caller */
@@ -253,6 +360,9 @@ static int match_pathspec_item(const struct pathspec_item *item, int prefix,
 	    strncmp(item->match, name - prefix, item->prefix))
 		return 0;
 
+	if (item->attr_match_nr && !match_attrs(istate, name, namelen, item))
+		return 0;
+
 	/* If the match was just the prefix, we matched */
 	if (!*match)
 		return MATCHED_RECURSIVELY;
@@ -274,6 +384,32 @@ static int match_pathspec_item(const struct pathspec_item *item, int prefix,
 			 item->nowildcard_len - prefix))
 		return MATCHED_FNMATCH;
 
+	/* Perform checks to see if "name" is a super set of the pathspec */
+	if (flags & DO_MATCH_SUBMODULE) {
+		/* name is a literal prefix of the pathspec */
+		if ((namelen < matchlen) &&
+		    (match[namelen] == '/') &&
+		    !ps_strncmp(item, match, name, namelen))
+			return MATCHED_RECURSIVELY;
+
+		/* name" doesn't match up to the first wild character */
+		if (item->nowildcard_len < item->len &&
+		    ps_strncmp(item, match, name,
+			       item->nowildcard_len - prefix))
+			return 0;
+
+		/*
+		 * Here is where we would perform a wildmatch to check if
+		 * "name" can be matched as a directory (or a prefix) against
+		 * the pathspec.  Since wildmatch doesn't have this capability
+		 * at the present we have to punt and say that it is a match,
+		 * potentially returning a false positive
+		 * The submodules themselves will be able to perform more
+		 * accurate matching to determine if the pathspec matches.
+		 */
+		return MATCHED_RECURSIVELY;
+	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -292,7 +428,8 @@ static int match_pathspec_item(const struct pathspec_item *item, int prefix,
  * pathspec did not match any names, which could indicate that the
  * user mistyped the nth pathspec.
  */
-static int do_match_pathspec(const struct pathspec *ps,
+static int do_match_pathspec(const struct index_state *istate,
+			     const struct pathspec *ps,
 			     const char *name, int namelen,
 			     int prefix, char *seen,
 			     unsigned flags)
@@ -305,7 +442,8 @@ static int do_match_pathspec(const struct pathspec *ps,
 		       PATHSPEC_LITERAL |
 		       PATHSPEC_GLOB |
 		       PATHSPEC_ICASE |
-		       PATHSPEC_EXCLUDE);
+		       PATHSPEC_EXCLUDE |
+		       PATHSPEC_ATTR);
 
 	if (!ps->nr) {
 		if (!ps->recursive ||
@@ -337,7 +475,7 @@ static int do_match_pathspec(const struct pathspec *ps,
 		 */
 		if (seen && ps->items[i].magic & PATHSPEC_EXCLUDE)
 			seen[i] = MATCHED_FNMATCH;
-		how = match_pathspec_item(ps->items+i, prefix, name,
+		how = match_pathspec_item(istate, ps->items+i, prefix, name,
 					  namelen, flags);
 		if (ps->recursive &&
 		    (ps->magic & PATHSPEC_MAXDEPTH) &&
@@ -361,22 +499,80 @@ static int do_match_pathspec(const struct pathspec *ps,
 	return retval;
 }
 
-int match_pathspec(const struct pathspec *ps,
+int match_pathspec(const struct index_state *istate,
+		   const struct pathspec *ps,
 		   const char *name, int namelen,
 		   int prefix, char *seen, int is_dir)
 {
 	int positive, negative;
 	unsigned flags = is_dir ? DO_MATCH_DIRECTORY : 0;
-	positive = do_match_pathspec(ps, name, namelen,
+	positive = do_match_pathspec(istate, ps, name, namelen,
 				     prefix, seen, flags);
 	if (!(ps->magic & PATHSPEC_EXCLUDE) || !positive)
 		return positive;
-	negative = do_match_pathspec(ps, name, namelen,
+	negative = do_match_pathspec(istate, ps, name, namelen,
 				     prefix, seen,
 				     flags | DO_MATCH_EXCLUDE);
 	return negative ? 0 : positive;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Check if a submodule is a superset of the pathspec
+ */
+int submodule_path_match(const struct index_state *istate,
+			 const struct pathspec *ps,
+			 const char *submodule_name,
+			 char *seen)
+{
+	int matched = do_match_pathspec(istate, ps, submodule_name,
+					strlen(submodule_name),
+					0, seen,
+					DO_MATCH_DIRECTORY |
+					DO_MATCH_SUBMODULE);
+	return matched;
+}
+
+int report_path_error(const char *ps_matched,
+		      const struct pathspec *pathspec,
+		      const char *prefix)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Make sure all pathspec matched; otherwise it is an error.
+	 */
+	int num, errors = 0;
+	for (num = 0; num < pathspec->nr; num++) {
+		int other, found_dup;
+
+		if (ps_matched[num])
+			continue;
+		/*
+		 * The caller might have fed identical pathspec
+		 * twice.  Do not barf on such a mistake.
+		 * FIXME: parse_pathspec should have eliminated
+		 * duplicate pathspec.
+		 */
+		for (found_dup = other = 0;
+		     !found_dup && other < pathspec->nr;
+		     other++) {
+			if (other == num || !ps_matched[other])
+				continue;
+			if (!strcmp(pathspec->items[other].original,
+				    pathspec->items[num].original))
+				/*
+				 * Ok, we have a match already.
+				 */
+				found_dup = 1;
+		}
+		if (found_dup)
+			continue;
+
+		error(_("pathspec '%s' did not match any file(s) known to git"),
+		      pathspec->items[num].original);
+		errors++;
+	}
+	return errors;
+}
+
 /*
  * Return the length of the "simple" part of a path match limiter.
  */
@@ -399,7 +595,7 @@ int no_wildcard(const char *string)
 
 void parse_exclude_pattern(const char **pattern,
 			   int *patternlen,
-			   int *flags,
+			   unsigned *flags,
 			   int *nowildcardlen)
 {
 	const char *p = *pattern;
@@ -440,17 +636,12 @@ void add_exclude(const char *string, const char *base,
 {
 	struct exclude *x;
 	int patternlen;
-	int flags;
+	unsigned flags;
 	int nowildcardlen;
 
 	parse_exclude_pattern(&string, &patternlen, &flags, &nowildcardlen);
 	if (flags & EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR) {
-		char *s;
-		x = xmalloc(sizeof(*x) + patternlen + 1);
-		s = (char *)(x+1);
-		memcpy(s, string, patternlen);
-		s[patternlen] = '\0';
-		x->pattern = s;
+		FLEXPTR_ALLOC_MEM(x, pattern, string, patternlen);
 	} else {
 		x = xmalloc(sizeof(*x));
 		x->pattern = string;
@@ -466,26 +657,21 @@ void add_exclude(const char *string, const char *base,
 	x->el = el;
 }
 
-static void *read_skip_worktree_file_from_index(const char *path, size_t *size)
+static int read_skip_worktree_file_from_index(const struct index_state *istate,
+					      const char *path,
+					      size_t *size_out, char **data_out,
+					      struct oid_stat *oid_stat)
 {
 	int pos, len;
-	unsigned long sz;
-	enum object_type type;
-	void *data;
 
 	len = strlen(path);
-	pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
+	pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, len);
 	if (pos < 0)
-		return NULL;
-	if (!ce_skip_worktree(active_cache[pos]))
-		return NULL;
-	data = read_sha1_file(active_cache[pos]->sha1, &type, &sz);
-	if (!data || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
-		free(data);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	*size = xsize_t(sz);
-	return data;
+		return -1;
+	if (!ce_skip_worktree(istate->cache[pos]))
+		return -1;
+
+	return do_read_blob(&istate->cache[pos]->oid, oid_stat, size_out, data_out);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -501,9 +687,7 @@ void clear_exclude_list(struct exclude_list *el)
 	free(el->excludes);
 	free(el->filebuf);
 
-	el->nr = 0;
-	el->excludes = NULL;
-	el->filebuf = NULL;
+	memset(el, 0, sizeof(*el));
 }
 
 static void trim_trailing_spaces(char *buf)
@@ -529,41 +713,135 @@ static void trim_trailing_spaces(char *buf)
 		*last_space = '\0';
 }
 
-int add_excludes_from_file_to_list(const char *fname,
-				   const char *base,
-				   int baselen,
-				   struct exclude_list *el,
-				   int check_index)
+/*
+ * Given a subdirectory name and "dir" of the current directory,
+ * search the subdir in "dir" and return it, or create a new one if it
+ * does not exist in "dir".
+ *
+ * If "name" has the trailing slash, it'll be excluded in the search.
+ */
+static struct untracked_cache_dir *lookup_untracked(struct untracked_cache *uc,
+						    struct untracked_cache_dir *dir,
+						    const char *name, int len)
+{
+	int first, last;
+	struct untracked_cache_dir *d;
+	if (!dir)
+		return NULL;
+	if (len && name[len - 1] == '/')
+		len--;
+	first = 0;
+	last = dir->dirs_nr;
+	while (last > first) {
+		int cmp, next = (last + first) >> 1;
+		d = dir->dirs[next];
+		cmp = strncmp(name, d->name, len);
+		if (!cmp && strlen(d->name) > len)
+			cmp = -1;
+		if (!cmp)
+			return d;
+		if (cmp < 0) {
+			last = next;
+			continue;
+		}
+		first = next+1;
+	}
+
+	uc->dir_created++;
+	FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(d, name, name, len);
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(dir->dirs, dir->dirs_nr + 1, dir->dirs_alloc);
+	MOVE_ARRAY(dir->dirs + first + 1, dir->dirs + first,
+		   dir->dirs_nr - first);
+	dir->dirs_nr++;
+	dir->dirs[first] = d;
+	return d;
+}
+
+static void do_invalidate_gitignore(struct untracked_cache_dir *dir)
+{
+	int i;
+	dir->valid = 0;
+	dir->untracked_nr = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < dir->dirs_nr; i++)
+		do_invalidate_gitignore(dir->dirs[i]);
+}
+
+static void invalidate_gitignore(struct untracked_cache *uc,
+				 struct untracked_cache_dir *dir)
+{
+	uc->gitignore_invalidated++;
+	do_invalidate_gitignore(dir);
+}
+
+static void invalidate_directory(struct untracked_cache *uc,
+				 struct untracked_cache_dir *dir)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/*
+	 * Invalidation increment here is just roughly correct. If
+	 * untracked_nr or any of dirs[].recurse is non-zero, we
+	 * should increment dir_invalidated too. But that's more
+	 * expensive to do.
+	 */
+	if (dir->valid)
+		uc->dir_invalidated++;
+
+	dir->valid = 0;
+	dir->untracked_nr = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < dir->dirs_nr; i++)
+		dir->dirs[i]->recurse = 0;
+}
+
+static int add_excludes_from_buffer(char *buf, size_t size,
+				    const char *base, int baselen,
+				    struct exclude_list *el);
+
+/*
+ * Given a file with name "fname", read it (either from disk, or from
+ * an index if 'istate' is non-null), parse it and store the
+ * exclude rules in "el".
+ *
+ * If "ss" is not NULL, compute SHA-1 of the exclude file and fill
+ * stat data from disk (only valid if add_excludes returns zero). If
+ * ss_valid is non-zero, "ss" must contain good value as input.
+ */
+static int add_excludes(const char *fname, const char *base, int baselen,
+			struct exclude_list *el, struct index_state *istate,
+			struct oid_stat *oid_stat)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	int fd, i, lineno = 1;
+	int r;
+	int fd;
 	size_t size = 0;
-	char *buf, *entry;
+	char *buf;
 
 	fd = open(fname, O_RDONLY);
 	if (fd < 0 || fstat(fd, &st) < 0) {
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			warn_on_inaccessible(fname);
-		if (0 <= fd)
+		if (fd < 0)
+			warn_on_fopen_errors(fname);
+		else
 			close(fd);
-		if (!check_index ||
-		    (buf = read_skip_worktree_file_from_index(fname, &size)) == NULL)
+		if (!istate)
 			return -1;
-		if (size == 0) {
-			free(buf);
-			return 0;
-		}
-		if (buf[size-1] != '\n') {
-			buf = xrealloc(buf, size+1);
-			buf[size++] = '\n';
-		}
+		r = read_skip_worktree_file_from_index(istate, fname,
+						       &size, &buf,
+						       oid_stat);
+		if (r != 1)
+			return r;
 	} else {
 		size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
 		if (size == 0) {
+			if (oid_stat) {
+				fill_stat_data(&oid_stat->stat, &st);
+				oidcpy(&oid_stat->oid, the_hash_algo->empty_blob);
+				oid_stat->valid = 1;
+			}
 			close(fd);
 			return 0;
 		}
-		buf = xmalloc(size+1);
+		buf = xmallocz(size);
 		if (read_in_full(fd, buf, size) != size) {
 			free(buf);
 			close(fd);
@@ -571,10 +849,44 @@ int add_excludes_from_file_to_list(const char *fname,
 		}
 		buf[size++] = '\n';
 		close(fd);
+		if (oid_stat) {
+			int pos;
+			if (oid_stat->valid &&
+			    !match_stat_data_racy(istate, &oid_stat->stat, &st))
+				; /* no content change, ss->sha1 still good */
+			else if (istate &&
+				 (pos = index_name_pos(istate, fname, strlen(fname))) >= 0 &&
+				 !ce_stage(istate->cache[pos]) &&
+				 ce_uptodate(istate->cache[pos]) &&
+				 !would_convert_to_git(istate, fname))
+				oidcpy(&oid_stat->oid,
+				       &istate->cache[pos]->oid);
+			else
+				hash_object_file(buf, size, "blob",
+						 &oid_stat->oid);
+			fill_stat_data(&oid_stat->stat, &st);
+			oid_stat->valid = 1;
+		}
 	}
 
+	add_excludes_from_buffer(buf, size, base, baselen, el);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int add_excludes_from_buffer(char *buf, size_t size,
+				    const char *base, int baselen,
+				    struct exclude_list *el)
+{
+	int i, lineno = 1;
+	char *entry;
+
 	el->filebuf = buf;
+
+	if (skip_utf8_bom(&buf, size))
+		size -= buf - el->filebuf;
+
 	entry = buf;
+
 	for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
 		if (buf[i] == '\n') {
 			if (entry != buf + i && entry[0] != '#') {
@@ -589,6 +901,30 @@ int add_excludes_from_file_to_list(const char *fname,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int add_excludes_from_file_to_list(const char *fname, const char *base,
+				   int baselen, struct exclude_list *el,
+				   struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	return add_excludes(fname, base, baselen, el, istate, NULL);
+}
+
+int add_excludes_from_blob_to_list(
+	struct object_id *oid,
+	const char *base, int baselen,
+	struct exclude_list *el)
+{
+	char *buf;
+	size_t size;
+	int r;
+
+	r = do_read_blob(oid, NULL, &size, &buf);
+	if (r != 1)
+		return r;
+
+	add_excludes_from_buffer(buf, size, base, baselen, el);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 struct exclude_list *add_exclude_list(struct dir_struct *dir,
 				      int group_type, const char *src)
 {
@@ -606,26 +942,40 @@ struct exclude_list *add_exclude_list(struct dir_struct *dir,
 /*
  * Used to set up core.excludesfile and .git/info/exclude lists.
  */
-void add_excludes_from_file(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *fname)
+static void add_excludes_from_file_1(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *fname,
+				     struct oid_stat *oid_stat)
 {
 	struct exclude_list *el;
+	/*
+	 * catch setup_standard_excludes() that's called before
+	 * dir->untracked is assigned. That function behaves
+	 * differently when dir->untracked is non-NULL.
+	 */
+	if (!dir->untracked)
+		dir->unmanaged_exclude_files++;
 	el = add_exclude_list(dir, EXC_FILE, fname);
-	if (add_excludes_from_file_to_list(fname, "", 0, el, 0) < 0)
-		die("cannot use %s as an exclude file", fname);
+	if (add_excludes(fname, "", 0, el, NULL, oid_stat) < 0)
+		die(_("cannot use %s as an exclude file"), fname);
+}
+
+void add_excludes_from_file(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *fname)
+{
+	dir->unmanaged_exclude_files++; /* see validate_untracked_cache() */
+	add_excludes_from_file_1(dir, fname, NULL);
 }
 
 int match_basename(const char *basename, int basenamelen,
 		   const char *pattern, int prefix, int patternlen,
-		   int flags)
+		   unsigned flags)
 {
 	if (prefix == patternlen) {
 		if (patternlen == basenamelen &&
-		    !strncmp_icase(pattern, basename, basenamelen))
+		    !fspathncmp(pattern, basename, basenamelen))
 			return 1;
 	} else if (flags & EXC_FLAG_ENDSWITH) {
 		/* "*literal" matching against "fooliteral" */
 		if (patternlen - 1 <= basenamelen &&
-		    !strncmp_icase(pattern + 1,
+		    !fspathncmp(pattern + 1,
 				   basename + basenamelen - (patternlen - 1),
 				   patternlen - 1))
 			return 1;
@@ -641,7 +991,7 @@ int match_basename(const char *basename, int basenamelen,
 int match_pathname(const char *pathname, int pathlen,
 		   const char *base, int baselen,
 		   const char *pattern, int prefix, int patternlen,
-		   int flags)
+		   unsigned flags)
 {
 	const char *name;
 	int namelen;
@@ -662,7 +1012,7 @@ int match_pathname(const char *pathname, int pathlen,
 	 */
 	if (pathlen < baselen + 1 ||
 	    (baselen && pathname[baselen] != '/') ||
-	    strncmp_icase(pathname, base, baselen))
+	    fspathncmp(pathname, base, baselen))
 		return 0;
 
 	namelen = baselen ? pathlen - baselen - 1 : pathlen;
@@ -676,7 +1026,7 @@ int match_pathname(const char *pathname, int pathlen,
 		if (prefix > namelen)
 			return 0;
 
-		if (strncmp_icase(pattern, name, prefix))
+		if (fspathncmp(pattern, name, prefix))
 			return 0;
 		pattern += prefix;
 		patternlen -= prefix;
@@ -707,8 +1057,10 @@ static struct exclude *last_exclude_matching_from_list(const char *pathname,
 						       int pathlen,
 						       const char *basename,
 						       int *dtype,
-						       struct exclude_list *el)
+						       struct exclude_list *el,
+						       struct index_state *istate)
 {
+	struct exclude *exc = NULL; /* undecided */
 	int i;
 
 	if (!el->nr)
@@ -721,7 +1073,7 @@ static struct exclude *last_exclude_matching_from_list(const char *pathname,
 
 		if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR) {
 			if (*dtype == DT_UNKNOWN)
-				*dtype = get_dtype(NULL, pathname, pathlen);
+				*dtype = get_dtype(NULL, istate, pathname, pathlen);
 			if (*dtype != DT_DIR)
 				continue;
 		}
@@ -730,18 +1082,22 @@ static struct exclude *last_exclude_matching_from_list(const char *pathname,
 			if (match_basename(basename,
 					   pathlen - (basename - pathname),
 					   exclude, prefix, x->patternlen,
-					   x->flags))
-				return x;
+					   x->flags)) {
+				exc = x;
+				break;
+			}
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		assert(x->baselen == 0 || x->base[x->baselen - 1] == '/');
 		if (match_pathname(pathname, pathlen,
 				   x->base, x->baselen ? x->baselen - 1 : 0,
-				   exclude, prefix, x->patternlen, x->flags))
-			return x;
+				   exclude, prefix, x->patternlen, x->flags)) {
+			exc = x;
+			break;
+		}
 	}
-	return NULL; /* undecided */
+	return exc;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -750,16 +1106,18 @@ static struct exclude *last_exclude_matching_from_list(const char *pathname,
  */
 int is_excluded_from_list(const char *pathname,
 			  int pathlen, const char *basename, int *dtype,
-			  struct exclude_list *el)
+			  struct exclude_list *el, struct index_state *istate)
 {
 	struct exclude *exclude;
-	exclude = last_exclude_matching_from_list(pathname, pathlen, basename, dtype, el);
+	exclude = last_exclude_matching_from_list(pathname, pathlen, basename,
+						  dtype, el, istate);
 	if (exclude)
 		return exclude->flags & EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE ? 0 : 1;
 	return -1; /* undecided */
 }
 
 static struct exclude *last_exclude_matching_from_lists(struct dir_struct *dir,
+							struct index_state *istate,
 		const char *pathname, int pathlen, const char *basename,
 		int *dtype_p)
 {
@@ -771,7 +1129,7 @@ static struct exclude *last_exclude_matching_from_lists(struct dir_struct *dir,
 		for (j = group->nr - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
 			exclude = last_exclude_matching_from_list(
 				pathname, pathlen, basename, dtype_p,
-				&group->el[j]);
+				&group->el[j], istate);
 			if (exclude)
 				return exclude;
 		}
@@ -783,11 +1141,14 @@ static struct exclude *last_exclude_matching_from_lists(struct dir_struct *dir,
  * Loads the per-directory exclude list for the substring of base
  * which has a char length of baselen.
  */
-static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *base, int baselen)
+static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir,
+			 struct index_state *istate,
+			 const char *base, int baselen)
 {
 	struct exclude_list_group *group;
 	struct exclude_list *el;
 	struct exclude_stack *stk = NULL;
+	struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked;
 	int current;
 
 	group = &dir->exclude_list_group[EXC_DIRS];
@@ -825,8 +1186,14 @@ static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *base, int baselen)
 	/* Read from the parent directories and push them down. */
 	current = stk ? stk->baselen : -1;
 	strbuf_setlen(&dir->basebuf, current < 0 ? 0 : current);
+	if (dir->untracked)
+		untracked = stk ? stk->ucd : dir->untracked->root;
+	else
+		untracked = NULL;
+
 	while (current < baselen) {
 		const char *cp;
+		struct oid_stat oid_stat;
 
 		stk = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*stk));
 		if (current < 0) {
@@ -837,10 +1204,15 @@ static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *base, int baselen)
 			if (!cp)
 				die("oops in prep_exclude");
 			cp++;
+			untracked =
+				lookup_untracked(dir->untracked, untracked,
+						 base + current,
+						 cp - base - current);
 		}
 		stk->prev = dir->exclude_stack;
 		stk->baselen = cp - base;
 		stk->exclude_ix = group->nr;
+		stk->ucd = untracked;
 		el = add_exclude_list(dir, EXC_DIRS, NULL);
 		strbuf_add(&dir->basebuf, base + current, stk->baselen - current);
 		assert(stk->baselen == dir->basebuf.len);
@@ -850,6 +1222,7 @@ static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *base, int baselen)
 			int dt = DT_DIR;
 			dir->basebuf.buf[stk->baselen - 1] = 0;
 			dir->exclude = last_exclude_matching_from_lists(dir,
+									istate,
 				dir->basebuf.buf, stk->baselen - 1,
 				dir->basebuf.buf + current, &dt);
 			dir->basebuf.buf[stk->baselen - 1] = '/';
@@ -863,7 +1236,22 @@ static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *base, int baselen)
 		}
 
 		/* Try to read per-directory file */
-		if (dir->exclude_per_dir) {
+		oidclr(&oid_stat.oid);
+		oid_stat.valid = 0;
+		if (dir->exclude_per_dir &&
+		    /*
+		     * If we know that no files have been added in
+		     * this directory (i.e. valid_cached_dir() has
+		     * been executed and set untracked->valid) ..
+		     */
+		    (!untracked || !untracked->valid ||
+		     /*
+		      * .. and .gitignore does not exist before
+		      * (i.e. null exclude_oid). Then we can skip
+		      * loading .gitignore, which would result in
+		      * ENOENT anyway.
+		      */
+		     !is_null_oid(&untracked->exclude_oid))) {
 			/*
 			 * dir->basebuf gets reused by the traversal, but we
 			 * need fname to remain unchanged to ensure the src
@@ -876,8 +1264,27 @@ static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *base, int baselen)
 			strbuf_addbuf(&sb, &dir->basebuf);
 			strbuf_addstr(&sb, dir->exclude_per_dir);
 			el->src = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
-			add_excludes_from_file_to_list(el->src, el->src,
-						       stk->baselen, el, 1);
+			add_excludes(el->src, el->src, stk->baselen, el, istate,
+				     untracked ? &oid_stat : NULL);
+		}
+		/*
+		 * NEEDSWORK: when untracked cache is enabled, prep_exclude()
+		 * will first be called in valid_cached_dir() then maybe many
+		 * times more in last_exclude_matching(). When the cache is
+		 * used, last_exclude_matching() will not be called and
+		 * reading .gitignore content will be a waste.
+		 *
+		 * So when it's called by valid_cached_dir() and we can get
+		 * .gitignore SHA-1 from the index (i.e. .gitignore is not
+		 * modified on work tree), we could delay reading the
+		 * .gitignore content until we absolutely need it in
+		 * last_exclude_matching(). Be careful about ignore rule
+		 * order, though, if you do that.
+		 */
+		if (untracked &&
+		    oidcmp(&oid_stat.oid, &untracked->exclude_oid)) {
+			invalidate_gitignore(dir->untracked, untracked);
+			oidcpy(&untracked->exclude_oid, &oid_stat.oid);
 		}
 		dir->exclude_stack = stk;
 		current = stk->baselen;
@@ -892,19 +1299,20 @@ static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *base, int baselen)
  * undecided.
  */
 struct exclude *last_exclude_matching(struct dir_struct *dir,
-					     const char *pathname,
-					     int *dtype_p)
+				      struct index_state *istate,
+				      const char *pathname,
+				      int *dtype_p)
 {
 	int pathlen = strlen(pathname);
 	const char *basename = strrchr(pathname, '/');
 	basename = (basename) ? basename+1 : pathname;
 
-	prep_exclude(dir, pathname, basename-pathname);
+	prep_exclude(dir, istate, pathname, basename-pathname);
 
 	if (dir->exclude)
 		return dir->exclude;
 
-	return last_exclude_matching_from_lists(dir, pathname, pathlen,
+	return last_exclude_matching_from_lists(dir, istate, pathname, pathlen,
 			basename, dtype_p);
 }
 
@@ -913,10 +1321,11 @@ struct exclude *last_exclude_matching(struct dir_struct *dir,
  * scans all exclude lists to determine whether pathname is excluded.
  * Returns 1 if true, otherwise 0.
  */
-int is_excluded(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int *dtype_p)
+int is_excluded(struct dir_struct *dir, struct index_state *istate,
+		const char *pathname, int *dtype_p)
 {
 	struct exclude *exclude =
-		last_exclude_matching(dir, pathname, dtype_p);
+		last_exclude_matching(dir, istate, pathname, dtype_p);
 	if (exclude)
 		return exclude->flags & EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE ? 0 : 1;
 	return 0;
@@ -926,25 +1335,27 @@ static struct dir_entry *dir_entry_new(const char *pathname, int len)
 {
 	struct dir_entry *ent;
 
-	ent = xmalloc(sizeof(*ent) + len + 1);
+	FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(ent, name, pathname, len);
 	ent->len = len;
-	memcpy(ent->name, pathname, len);
-	ent->name[len] = 0;
 	return ent;
 }
 
-static struct dir_entry *dir_add_name(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int len)
+static struct dir_entry *dir_add_name(struct dir_struct *dir,
+				      struct index_state *istate,
+				      const char *pathname, int len)
 {
-	if (cache_file_exists(pathname, len, ignore_case))
+	if (index_file_exists(istate, pathname, len, ignore_case))
 		return NULL;
 
 	ALLOC_GROW(dir->entries, dir->nr+1, dir->alloc);
 	return dir->entries[dir->nr++] = dir_entry_new(pathname, len);
 }
 
-struct dir_entry *dir_add_ignored(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int len)
+struct dir_entry *dir_add_ignored(struct dir_struct *dir,
+				  struct index_state *istate,
+				  const char *pathname, int len)
 {
-	if (!cache_name_is_other(pathname, len))
+	if (!index_name_is_other(istate, pathname, len))
 		return NULL;
 
 	ALLOC_GROW(dir->ignored, dir->ignored_nr+1, dir->ignored_alloc);
@@ -962,31 +1373,18 @@ enum exist_status {
  * the directory name; instead, use the case insensitive
  * directory hash.
  */
-static enum exist_status directory_exists_in_index_icase(const char *dirname, int len)
+static enum exist_status directory_exists_in_index_icase(struct index_state *istate,
+							 const char *dirname, int len)
 {
-	const struct cache_entry *ce = cache_dir_exists(dirname, len);
-	unsigned char endchar;
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
 
-	if (!ce)
-		return index_nonexistent;
-	endchar = ce->name[len];
-
-	/*
-	 * The cache_entry structure returned will contain this dirname
-	 * and possibly additional path components.
-	 */
-	if (endchar == '/')
+	if (index_dir_exists(istate, dirname, len))
 		return index_directory;
 
-	/*
-	 * If there are no additional path components, then this cache_entry
-	 * represents a submodule.  Submodules, despite being directories,
-	 * are stored in the cache without a closing slash.
-	 */
-	if (!endchar && S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+	ce = index_file_exists(istate, dirname, len, ignore_case);
+	if (ce && S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
 		return index_gitdir;
 
-	/* This should never be hit, but it exists just in case. */
 	return index_nonexistent;
 }
 
@@ -997,18 +1395,19 @@ static enum exist_status directory_exists_in_index_icase(const char *dirname, in
  * the files it contains) will sort with the '/' at the
  * end.
  */
-static enum exist_status directory_exists_in_index(const char *dirname, int len)
+static enum exist_status directory_exists_in_index(struct index_state *istate,
+						   const char *dirname, int len)
 {
 	int pos;
 
 	if (ignore_case)
-		return directory_exists_in_index_icase(dirname, len);
+		return directory_exists_in_index_icase(istate, dirname, len);
 
-	pos = cache_name_pos(dirname, len);
+	pos = index_name_pos(istate, dirname, len);
 	if (pos < 0)
 		pos = -pos-1;
-	while (pos < active_nr) {
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos++];
+	while (pos < istate->cache_nr) {
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos++];
 		unsigned char endchar;
 
 		if (strncmp(ce->name, dirname, len))
@@ -1058,11 +1457,13 @@ static enum exist_status directory_exists_in_index(const char *dirname, int len)
  *  (c) otherwise, we recurse into it.
  */
 static enum path_treatment treat_directory(struct dir_struct *dir,
-	const char *dirname, int len, int exclude,
-	const struct path_simplify *simplify)
+	struct index_state *istate,
+	struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked,
+	const char *dirname, int len, int baselen, int exclude,
+	const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
 	/* The "len-1" is to strip the final '/' */
-	switch (directory_exists_in_index(dirname, len-1)) {
+	switch (directory_exists_in_index(istate, dirname, len-1)) {
 	case index_directory:
 		return path_recurse;
 
@@ -1072,10 +1473,34 @@ static enum path_treatment treat_directory(struct dir_struct *dir,
 	case index_nonexistent:
 		if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES)
 			break;
+		if (exclude &&
+			(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO) &&
+			(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO_MODE_MATCHING)) {
+
+			/*
+			 * This is an excluded directory and we are
+			 * showing ignored paths that match an exclude
+			 * pattern.  (e.g. show directory as ignored
+			 * only if it matches an exclude pattern).
+			 * This path will either be 'path_excluded`
+			 * (if we are showing empty directories or if
+			 * the directory is not empty), or will be
+			 * 'path_none' (empty directory, and we are
+			 * not showing empty directories).
+			 */
+			if (!(dir->flags & DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES))
+				return path_excluded;
+
+			if (read_directory_recursive(dir, istate, dirname, len,
+						     untracked, 1, 1, pathspec) == path_excluded)
+				return path_excluded;
+
+			return path_none;
+		}
 		if (!(dir->flags & DIR_NO_GITLINKS)) {
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
-			if (resolve_gitlink_ref(dirname, "HEAD", sha1) == 0)
-				return path_untracked;
+			struct object_id oid;
+			if (resolve_gitlink_ref(dirname, "HEAD", &oid) == 0)
+				return exclude ? path_excluded : path_untracked;
 		}
 		return path_recurse;
 	}
@@ -1085,7 +1510,15 @@ static enum path_treatment treat_directory(struct dir_struct *dir,
 	if (!(dir->flags & DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES))
 		return exclude ? path_excluded : path_untracked;
 
-	return read_directory_recursive(dir, dirname, len, 1, simplify);
+	untracked = lookup_untracked(dir->untracked, untracked,
+				     dirname + baselen, len - baselen);
+
+	/*
+	 * If this is an excluded directory, then we only need to check if
+	 * the directory contains any files.
+	 */
+	return read_directory_recursive(dir, istate, dirname, len,
+					untracked, 1, exclude, pathspec);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1093,24 +1526,34 @@ static enum path_treatment treat_directory(struct dir_struct *dir,
  * reading - if the path cannot possibly be in the pathspec,
  * return true, and we'll skip it early.
  */
-static int simplify_away(const char *path, int pathlen, const struct path_simplify *simplify)
+static int simplify_away(const char *path, int pathlen,
+			 const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
-	if (simplify) {
-		for (;;) {
-			const char *match = simplify->path;
-			int len = simplify->len;
+	int i;
 
-			if (!match)
-				break;
-			if (len > pathlen)
-				len = pathlen;
-			if (!memcmp(path, match, len))
-				return 0;
-			simplify++;
-		}
-		return 1;
+	if (!pathspec || !pathspec->nr)
+		return 0;
+
+	GUARD_PATHSPEC(pathspec,
+		       PATHSPEC_FROMTOP |
+		       PATHSPEC_MAXDEPTH |
+		       PATHSPEC_LITERAL |
+		       PATHSPEC_GLOB |
+		       PATHSPEC_ICASE |
+		       PATHSPEC_EXCLUDE |
+		       PATHSPEC_ATTR);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < pathspec->nr; i++) {
+		const struct pathspec_item *item = &pathspec->items[i];
+		int len = item->nowildcard_len;
+
+		if (len > pathlen)
+			len = pathlen;
+		if (!ps_strncmp(item, item->match, path, len))
+			return 0;
 	}
-	return 0;
+
+	return 1;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1124,29 +1567,44 @@ static int simplify_away(const char *path, int pathlen, const struct path_simpli
  *   2. the path is a directory prefix of some element in the
  *      pathspec
  */
-static int exclude_matches_pathspec(const char *path, int len,
-		const struct path_simplify *simplify)
-{
-	if (simplify) {
-		for (; simplify->path; simplify++) {
-			if (len == simplify->len
-			    && !memcmp(path, simplify->path, len))
-				return 1;
-			if (len < simplify->len
-			    && simplify->path[len] == '/'
-			    && !memcmp(path, simplify->path, len))
-				return 1;
-		}
+static int exclude_matches_pathspec(const char *path, int pathlen,
+				    const struct pathspec *pathspec)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!pathspec || !pathspec->nr)
+		return 0;
+
+	GUARD_PATHSPEC(pathspec,
+		       PATHSPEC_FROMTOP |
+		       PATHSPEC_MAXDEPTH |
+		       PATHSPEC_LITERAL |
+		       PATHSPEC_GLOB |
+		       PATHSPEC_ICASE |
+		       PATHSPEC_EXCLUDE);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < pathspec->nr; i++) {
+		const struct pathspec_item *item = &pathspec->items[i];
+		int len = item->nowildcard_len;
+
+		if (len == pathlen &&
+		    !ps_strncmp(item, item->match, path, pathlen))
+			return 1;
+		if (len > pathlen &&
+		    item->match[pathlen] == '/' &&
+		    !ps_strncmp(item, item->match, path, pathlen))
+			return 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int get_index_dtype(const char *path, int len)
+static int get_index_dtype(struct index_state *istate,
+			   const char *path, int len)
 {
 	int pos;
 	const struct cache_entry *ce;
 
-	ce = cache_file_exists(path, len, 0);
+	ce = index_file_exists(istate, path, len, 0);
 	if (ce) {
 		if (!ce_uptodate(ce))
 			return DT_UNKNOWN;
@@ -1160,12 +1618,12 @@ static int get_index_dtype(const char *path, int len)
 	}
 
 	/* Try to look it up as a directory */
-	pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
+	pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, len);
 	if (pos >= 0)
 		return DT_UNKNOWN;
 	pos = -pos-1;
-	while (pos < active_nr) {
-		ce = active_cache[pos++];
+	while (pos < istate->cache_nr) {
+		ce = istate->cache[pos++];
 		if (strncmp(ce->name, path, len))
 			break;
 		if (ce->name[len] > '/')
@@ -1179,14 +1637,15 @@ static int get_index_dtype(const char *path, int len)
 	return DT_UNKNOWN;
 }
 
-static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, const char *path, int len)
+static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, struct index_state *istate,
+		     const char *path, int len)
 {
 	int dtype = de ? DTYPE(de) : DT_UNKNOWN;
 	struct stat st;
 
 	if (dtype != DT_UNKNOWN)
 		return dtype;
-	dtype = get_index_dtype(path, len);
+	dtype = get_index_dtype(istate, path, len);
 	if (dtype != DT_UNKNOWN)
 		return dtype;
 	if (lstat(path, &st))
@@ -1201,15 +1660,19 @@ static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, const char *path, int len)
 }
 
 static enum path_treatment treat_one_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
+					  struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked,
+					  struct index_state *istate,
 					  struct strbuf *path,
-					  const struct path_simplify *simplify,
+					  int baselen,
+					  const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 					  int dtype, struct dirent *de)
 {
 	int exclude;
-	int has_path_in_index = !!cache_file_exists(path->buf, path->len, ignore_case);
+	int has_path_in_index = !!index_file_exists(istate, path->buf, path->len, ignore_case);
+	enum path_treatment path_treatment;
 
 	if (dtype == DT_UNKNOWN)
-		dtype = get_dtype(de, path->buf, path->len);
+		dtype = get_dtype(de, istate, path->buf, path->len);
 
 	/* Always exclude indexed files */
 	if (dtype != DT_DIR && has_path_in_index)
@@ -1236,10 +1699,10 @@ static enum path_treatment treat_one_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
 	if ((dir->flags & DIR_COLLECT_KILLED_ONLY) &&
 	    (dtype == DT_DIR) &&
 	    !has_path_in_index &&
-	    (directory_exists_in_index(path->buf, path->len) == index_nonexistent))
+	    (directory_exists_in_index(istate, path->buf, path->len) == index_nonexistent))
 		return path_none;
 
-	exclude = is_excluded(dir, path->buf, &dtype);
+	exclude = is_excluded(dir, istate, path->buf, &dtype);
 
 	/*
 	 * Excluded? If we don't explicitly want to show
@@ -1253,31 +1716,209 @@ static enum path_treatment treat_one_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
 		return path_none;
 	case DT_DIR:
 		strbuf_addch(path, '/');
-		return treat_directory(dir, path->buf, path->len, exclude,
-			simplify);
+		path_treatment = treat_directory(dir, istate, untracked,
+						 path->buf, path->len,
+						 baselen, exclude, pathspec);
+		/*
+		 * If 1) we only want to return directories that
+		 * match an exclude pattern and 2) this directory does
+		 * not match an exclude pattern but all of its
+		 * contents are excluded, then indicate that we should
+		 * recurse into this directory (instead of marking the
+		 * directory itself as an ignored path).
+		 */
+		if (!exclude &&
+		    path_treatment == path_excluded &&
+		    (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO) &&
+		    (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO_MODE_MATCHING))
+			return path_recurse;
+		return path_treatment;
 	case DT_REG:
 	case DT_LNK:
 		return exclude ? path_excluded : path_untracked;
 	}
 }
 
+static enum path_treatment treat_path_fast(struct dir_struct *dir,
+					   struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked,
+					   struct cached_dir *cdir,
+					   struct index_state *istate,
+					   struct strbuf *path,
+					   int baselen,
+					   const struct pathspec *pathspec)
+{
+	strbuf_setlen(path, baselen);
+	if (!cdir->ucd) {
+		strbuf_addstr(path, cdir->file);
+		return path_untracked;
+	}
+	strbuf_addstr(path, cdir->ucd->name);
+	/* treat_one_path() does this before it calls treat_directory() */
+	strbuf_complete(path, '/');
+	if (cdir->ucd->check_only)
+		/*
+		 * check_only is set as a result of treat_directory() getting
+		 * to its bottom. Verify again the same set of directories
+		 * with check_only set.
+		 */
+		return read_directory_recursive(dir, istate, path->buf, path->len,
+						cdir->ucd, 1, 0, pathspec);
+	/*
+	 * We get path_recurse in the first run when
+	 * directory_exists_in_index() returns index_nonexistent. We
+	 * are sure that new changes in the index does not impact the
+	 * outcome. Return now.
+	 */
+	return path_recurse;
+}
+
 static enum path_treatment treat_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
-				      struct dirent *de,
+				      struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked,
+				      struct cached_dir *cdir,
+				      struct index_state *istate,
 				      struct strbuf *path,
 				      int baselen,
-				      const struct path_simplify *simplify)
+				      const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
 	int dtype;
+	struct dirent *de = cdir->de;
 
-	if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name) || !strcmp(de->d_name, ".git"))
+	if (!de)
+		return treat_path_fast(dir, untracked, cdir, istate, path,
+				       baselen, pathspec);
+	if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name) || !fspathcmp(de->d_name, ".git"))
 		return path_none;
 	strbuf_setlen(path, baselen);
 	strbuf_addstr(path, de->d_name);
-	if (simplify_away(path->buf, path->len, simplify))
+	if (simplify_away(path->buf, path->len, pathspec))
 		return path_none;
 
 	dtype = DTYPE(de);
-	return treat_one_path(dir, path, simplify, dtype, de);
+	return treat_one_path(dir, untracked, istate, path, baselen, pathspec, dtype, de);
+}
+
+static void add_untracked(struct untracked_cache_dir *dir, const char *name)
+{
+	if (!dir)
+		return;
+	ALLOC_GROW(dir->untracked, dir->untracked_nr + 1,
+		   dir->untracked_alloc);
+	dir->untracked[dir->untracked_nr++] = xstrdup(name);
+}
+
+static int valid_cached_dir(struct dir_struct *dir,
+			    struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked,
+			    struct index_state *istate,
+			    struct strbuf *path,
+			    int check_only)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+
+	if (!untracked)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * With fsmonitor, we can trust the untracked cache's valid field.
+	 */
+	refresh_fsmonitor(istate);
+	if (!(dir->untracked->use_fsmonitor && untracked->valid)) {
+		if (lstat(path->len ? path->buf : ".", &st)) {
+			memset(&untracked->stat_data, 0, sizeof(untracked->stat_data));
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if (!untracked->valid ||
+			match_stat_data_racy(istate, &untracked->stat_data, &st)) {
+			fill_stat_data(&untracked->stat_data, &st);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (untracked->check_only != !!check_only)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * prep_exclude will be called eventually on this directory,
+	 * but it's called much later in last_exclude_matching(). We
+	 * need it now to determine the validity of the cache for this
+	 * path. The next calls will be nearly no-op, the way
+	 * prep_exclude() is designed.
+	 */
+	if (path->len && path->buf[path->len - 1] != '/') {
+		strbuf_addch(path, '/');
+		prep_exclude(dir, istate, path->buf, path->len);
+		strbuf_setlen(path, path->len - 1);
+	} else
+		prep_exclude(dir, istate, path->buf, path->len);
+
+	/* hopefully prep_exclude() haven't invalidated this entry... */
+	return untracked->valid;
+}
+
+static int open_cached_dir(struct cached_dir *cdir,
+			   struct dir_struct *dir,
+			   struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked,
+			   struct index_state *istate,
+			   struct strbuf *path,
+			   int check_only)
+{
+	const char *c_path;
+
+	memset(cdir, 0, sizeof(*cdir));
+	cdir->untracked = untracked;
+	if (valid_cached_dir(dir, untracked, istate, path, check_only))
+		return 0;
+	c_path = path->len ? path->buf : ".";
+	cdir->fdir = opendir(c_path);
+	if (!cdir->fdir)
+		warning_errno(_("could not open directory '%s'"), c_path);
+	if (dir->untracked) {
+		invalidate_directory(dir->untracked, untracked);
+		dir->untracked->dir_opened++;
+	}
+	if (!cdir->fdir)
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_cached_dir(struct cached_dir *cdir)
+{
+	if (cdir->fdir) {
+		cdir->de = readdir(cdir->fdir);
+		if (!cdir->de)
+			return -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	while (cdir->nr_dirs < cdir->untracked->dirs_nr) {
+		struct untracked_cache_dir *d = cdir->untracked->dirs[cdir->nr_dirs];
+		if (!d->recurse) {
+			cdir->nr_dirs++;
+			continue;
+		}
+		cdir->ucd = d;
+		cdir->nr_dirs++;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	cdir->ucd = NULL;
+	if (cdir->nr_files < cdir->untracked->untracked_nr) {
+		struct untracked_cache_dir *d = cdir->untracked;
+		cdir->file = d->untracked[cdir->nr_files++];
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static void close_cached_dir(struct cached_dir *cdir)
+{
+	if (cdir->fdir)
+		closedir(cdir->fdir);
+	/*
+	 * We have gone through this directory and found no untracked
+	 * entries. Mark it valid.
+	 */
+	if (cdir->untracked) {
+		cdir->untracked->valid = 1;
+		cdir->untracked->recurse = 1;
+	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1289,42 +1930,87 @@ static enum path_treatment treat_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
  * Also, we ignore the name ".git" (even if it is not a directory).
  * That likely will not change.
  *
+ * If 'stop_at_first_file' is specified, 'path_excluded' is returned
+ * to signal that a file was found. This is the least significant value that
+ * indicates that a file was encountered that does not depend on the order of
+ * whether an untracked or exluded path was encountered first.
+ *
  * Returns the most significant path_treatment value encountered in the scan.
+ * If 'stop_at_first_file' is specified, `path_excluded` is the most
+ * significant path_treatment value that will be returned.
  */
+
 static enum path_treatment read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir,
-				    const char *base, int baselen,
-				    int check_only,
-				    const struct path_simplify *simplify)
+	struct index_state *istate, const char *base, int baselen,
+	struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked, int check_only,
+	int stop_at_first_file, const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
-	DIR *fdir;
+	struct cached_dir cdir;
 	enum path_treatment state, subdir_state, dir_state = path_none;
-	struct dirent *de;
 	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	strbuf_add(&path, base, baselen);
 
-	fdir = opendir(path.len ? path.buf : ".");
-	if (!fdir)
+	if (open_cached_dir(&cdir, dir, untracked, istate, &path, check_only))
 		goto out;
 
-	while ((de = readdir(fdir)) != NULL) {
+	if (untracked)
+		untracked->check_only = !!check_only;
+
+	while (!read_cached_dir(&cdir)) {
 		/* check how the file or directory should be treated */
-		state = treat_path(dir, de, &path, baselen, simplify);
+		state = treat_path(dir, untracked, &cdir, istate, &path,
+				   baselen, pathspec);
+
 		if (state > dir_state)
 			dir_state = state;
 
 		/* recurse into subdir if instructed by treat_path */
-		if (state == path_recurse) {
-			subdir_state = read_directory_recursive(dir, path.buf,
-				path.len, check_only, simplify);
+		if ((state == path_recurse) ||
+			((state == path_untracked) &&
+			 (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO) &&
+			 (get_dtype(cdir.de, istate, path.buf, path.len) == DT_DIR))) {
+			struct untracked_cache_dir *ud;
+			ud = lookup_untracked(dir->untracked, untracked,
+					      path.buf + baselen,
+					      path.len - baselen);
+			subdir_state =
+				read_directory_recursive(dir, istate, path.buf,
+							 path.len, ud,
+							 check_only, stop_at_first_file, pathspec);
 			if (subdir_state > dir_state)
 				dir_state = subdir_state;
 		}
 
 		if (check_only) {
+			if (stop_at_first_file) {
+				/*
+				 * If stopping at first file, then
+				 * signal that a file was found by
+				 * returning `path_excluded`. This is
+				 * to return a consistent value
+				 * regardless of whether an ignored or
+				 * excluded file happened to be
+				 * encountered 1st.
+				 *
+				 * In current usage, the
+				 * `stop_at_first_file` is passed when
+				 * an ancestor directory has matched
+				 * an exclude pattern, so any found
+				 * files will be excluded.
+				 */
+				if (dir_state >= path_excluded) {
+					dir_state = path_excluded;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+
 			/* abort early if maximum state has been reached */
-			if (dir_state == path_untracked)
+			if (dir_state == path_untracked) {
+				if (cdir.fdir)
+					add_untracked(untracked, path.buf + baselen);
 				break;
+			}
 			/* skip the dir_add_* part */
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -1333,31 +2019,34 @@ static enum path_treatment read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir,
 		switch (state) {
 		case path_excluded:
 			if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED)
-				dir_add_name(dir, path.buf, path.len);
+				dir_add_name(dir, istate, path.buf, path.len);
 			else if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO) ||
 				((dir->flags & DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED) &&
 				exclude_matches_pathspec(path.buf, path.len,
-					simplify)))
-				dir_add_ignored(dir, path.buf, path.len);
+							 pathspec)))
+				dir_add_ignored(dir, istate, path.buf, path.len);
 			break;
 
 		case path_untracked:
-			if (!(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED))
-				dir_add_name(dir, path.buf, path.len);
+			if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED)
+				break;
+			dir_add_name(dir, istate, path.buf, path.len);
+			if (cdir.fdir)
+				add_untracked(untracked, path.buf + baselen);
 			break;
 
 		default:
 			break;
 		}
 	}
-	closedir(fdir);
+	close_cached_dir(&cdir);
  out:
 	strbuf_release(&path);
 
 	return dir_state;
 }
 
-static int cmp_name(const void *p1, const void *p2)
+int cmp_dir_entry(const void *p1, const void *p2)
 {
 	const struct dir_entry *e1 = *(const struct dir_entry **)p1;
 	const struct dir_entry *e2 = *(const struct dir_entry **)p2;
@@ -1365,36 +2054,18 @@ static int cmp_name(const void *p1, const void *p2)
 	return name_compare(e1->name, e1->len, e2->name, e2->len);
 }
 
-static struct path_simplify *create_simplify(const char **pathspec)
-{
-	int nr, alloc = 0;
-	struct path_simplify *simplify = NULL;
-
-	if (!pathspec)
-		return NULL;
-
-	for (nr = 0 ; ; nr++) {
-		const char *match;
-		ALLOC_GROW(simplify, nr + 1, alloc);
-		match = *pathspec++;
-		if (!match)
-			break;
-		simplify[nr].path = match;
-		simplify[nr].len = simple_length(match);
-	}
-	simplify[nr].path = NULL;
-	simplify[nr].len = 0;
-	return simplify;
-}
-
-static void free_simplify(struct path_simplify *simplify)
+/* check if *out lexically strictly contains *in */
+int check_dir_entry_contains(const struct dir_entry *out, const struct dir_entry *in)
 {
-	free(simplify);
+	return (out->len < in->len) &&
+		(out->name[out->len - 1] == '/') &&
+		!memcmp(out->name, in->name, out->len);
 }
 
 static int treat_leading_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
+			      struct index_state *istate,
 			      const char *path, int len,
-			      const struct path_simplify *simplify)
+			      const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int baselen, rc = 0;
@@ -1418,9 +2089,9 @@ static int treat_leading_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
 		strbuf_add(&sb, path, baselen);
 		if (!is_directory(sb.buf))
 			break;
-		if (simplify_away(sb.buf, sb.len, simplify))
+		if (simplify_away(sb.buf, sb.len, pathspec))
 			break;
-		if (treat_one_path(dir, &sb, simplify,
+		if (treat_one_path(dir, NULL, istate, &sb, baselen, pathspec,
 				   DT_DIR, NULL) == path_none)
 			break; /* do not recurse into it */
 		if (len <= baselen) {
@@ -1433,37 +2104,236 @@ static int treat_leading_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
 	return rc;
 }
 
-int read_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *path, int len, const struct pathspec *pathspec)
+static const char *get_ident_string(void)
+{
+	static struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct utsname uts;
+
+	if (sb.len)
+		return sb.buf;
+	if (uname(&uts) < 0)
+		die_errno(_("failed to get kernel name and information"));
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "Location %s, system %s", get_git_work_tree(),
+		    uts.sysname);
+	return sb.buf;
+}
+
+static int ident_in_untracked(const struct untracked_cache *uc)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Previous git versions may have saved many NUL separated
+	 * strings in the "ident" field, but it is insane to manage
+	 * many locations, so just take care of the first one.
+	 */
+
+	return !strcmp(uc->ident.buf, get_ident_string());
+}
+
+static void set_untracked_ident(struct untracked_cache *uc)
+{
+	strbuf_reset(&uc->ident);
+	strbuf_addstr(&uc->ident, get_ident_string());
+
+	/*
+	 * This strbuf used to contain a list of NUL separated
+	 * strings, so save NUL too for backward compatibility.
+	 */
+	strbuf_addch(&uc->ident, 0);
+}
+
+static void new_untracked_cache(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	struct untracked_cache *uc = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*uc));
+	strbuf_init(&uc->ident, 100);
+	uc->exclude_per_dir = ".gitignore";
+	/* should be the same flags used by git-status */
+	uc->dir_flags = DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES | DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES;
+	set_untracked_ident(uc);
+	istate->untracked = uc;
+	istate->cache_changed |= UNTRACKED_CHANGED;
+}
+
+void add_untracked_cache(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	if (!istate->untracked) {
+		new_untracked_cache(istate);
+	} else {
+		if (!ident_in_untracked(istate->untracked)) {
+			free_untracked_cache(istate->untracked);
+			new_untracked_cache(istate);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void remove_untracked_cache(struct index_state *istate)
 {
-	struct path_simplify *simplify;
+	if (istate->untracked) {
+		free_untracked_cache(istate->untracked);
+		istate->untracked = NULL;
+		istate->cache_changed |= UNTRACKED_CHANGED;
+	}
+}
+
+static struct untracked_cache_dir *validate_untracked_cache(struct dir_struct *dir,
+						      int base_len,
+						      const struct pathspec *pathspec)
+{
+	struct untracked_cache_dir *root;
+	static int untracked_cache_disabled = -1;
+
+	if (!dir->untracked)
+		return NULL;
+	if (untracked_cache_disabled < 0)
+		untracked_cache_disabled = git_env_bool("GIT_DISABLE_UNTRACKED_CACHE", 0);
+	if (untracked_cache_disabled)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * We only support $GIT_DIR/info/exclude and core.excludesfile
+	 * as the global ignore rule files. Any other additions
+	 * (e.g. from command line) invalidate the cache. This
+	 * condition also catches running setup_standard_excludes()
+	 * before setting dir->untracked!
+	 */
+	if (dir->unmanaged_exclude_files)
+		return NULL;
 
 	/*
-	 * Check out create_simplify()
+	 * Optimize for the main use case only: whole-tree git
+	 * status. More work involved in treat_leading_path() if we
+	 * use cache on just a subset of the worktree. pathspec
+	 * support could make the matter even worse.
 	 */
-	if (pathspec)
-		GUARD_PATHSPEC(pathspec,
-			       PATHSPEC_FROMTOP |
-			       PATHSPEC_MAXDEPTH |
-			       PATHSPEC_LITERAL |
-			       PATHSPEC_GLOB |
-			       PATHSPEC_ICASE |
-			       PATHSPEC_EXCLUDE);
+	if (base_len || (pathspec && pathspec->nr))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* Different set of flags may produce different results */
+	if (dir->flags != dir->untracked->dir_flags ||
+	    /*
+	     * See treat_directory(), case index_nonexistent. Without
+	     * this flag, we may need to also cache .git file content
+	     * for the resolve_gitlink_ref() call, which we don't.
+	     */
+	    !(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES) ||
+	    /* We don't support collecting ignore files */
+	    (dir->flags & (DIR_SHOW_IGNORED | DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO |
+			   DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED)))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we use .gitignore in the cache and now you change it to
+	 * .gitexclude, everything will go wrong.
+	 */
+	if (dir->exclude_per_dir != dir->untracked->exclude_per_dir &&
+	    strcmp(dir->exclude_per_dir, dir->untracked->exclude_per_dir))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * EXC_CMDL is not considered in the cache. If people set it,
+	 * skip the cache.
+	 */
+	if (dir->exclude_list_group[EXC_CMDL].nr)
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (!ident_in_untracked(dir->untracked)) {
+		warning(_("untracked cache is disabled on this system or location"));
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (!dir->untracked->root) {
+		const int len = sizeof(*dir->untracked->root);
+		dir->untracked->root = xmalloc(len);
+		memset(dir->untracked->root, 0, len);
+	}
+
+	/* Validate $GIT_DIR/info/exclude and core.excludesfile */
+	root = dir->untracked->root;
+	if (oidcmp(&dir->ss_info_exclude.oid,
+		   &dir->untracked->ss_info_exclude.oid)) {
+		invalidate_gitignore(dir->untracked, root);
+		dir->untracked->ss_info_exclude = dir->ss_info_exclude;
+	}
+	if (oidcmp(&dir->ss_excludes_file.oid,
+		   &dir->untracked->ss_excludes_file.oid)) {
+		invalidate_gitignore(dir->untracked, root);
+		dir->untracked->ss_excludes_file = dir->ss_excludes_file;
+	}
+
+	/* Make sure this directory is not dropped out at saving phase */
+	root->recurse = 1;
+	return root;
+}
+
+int read_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, struct index_state *istate,
+		   const char *path, int len, const struct pathspec *pathspec)
+{
+	struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked;
+	uint64_t start = getnanotime();
 
 	if (has_symlink_leading_path(path, len))
 		return dir->nr;
 
+	untracked = validate_untracked_cache(dir, len, pathspec);
+	if (!untracked)
+		/*
+		 * make sure untracked cache code path is disabled,
+		 * e.g. prep_exclude()
+		 */
+		dir->untracked = NULL;
+	if (!len || treat_leading_path(dir, istate, path, len, pathspec))
+		read_directory_recursive(dir, istate, path, len, untracked, 0, 0, pathspec);
+	QSORT(dir->entries, dir->nr, cmp_dir_entry);
+	QSORT(dir->ignored, dir->ignored_nr, cmp_dir_entry);
+
 	/*
-	 * exclude patterns are treated like positive ones in
-	 * create_simplify. Usually exclude patterns should be a
-	 * subset of positive ones, which has no impacts on
-	 * create_simplify().
+	 * If DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO is set, read_directory_recursive() will
+	 * also pick up untracked contents of untracked dirs; by default
+	 * we discard these, but given DIR_KEEP_UNTRACKED_CONTENTS we do not.
 	 */
-	simplify = create_simplify(pathspec ? pathspec->_raw : NULL);
-	if (!len || treat_leading_path(dir, path, len, simplify))
-		read_directory_recursive(dir, path, len, 0, simplify);
-	free_simplify(simplify);
-	qsort(dir->entries, dir->nr, sizeof(struct dir_entry *), cmp_name);
-	qsort(dir->ignored, dir->ignored_nr, sizeof(struct dir_entry *), cmp_name);
+	if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO) &&
+		     !(dir->flags & DIR_KEEP_UNTRACKED_CONTENTS)) {
+		int i, j;
+
+		/* remove from dir->entries untracked contents of untracked dirs */
+		for (i = j = 0; j < dir->nr; j++) {
+			if (i &&
+			    check_dir_entry_contains(dir->entries[i - 1], dir->entries[j])) {
+				FREE_AND_NULL(dir->entries[j]);
+			} else {
+				dir->entries[i++] = dir->entries[j];
+			}
+		}
+
+		dir->nr = i;
+	}
+
+	trace_performance_since(start, "read directory %.*s", len, path);
+	if (dir->untracked) {
+		static int force_untracked_cache = -1;
+		static struct trace_key trace_untracked_stats = TRACE_KEY_INIT(UNTRACKED_STATS);
+
+		if (force_untracked_cache < 0)
+			force_untracked_cache =
+				git_env_bool("GIT_FORCE_UNTRACKED_CACHE", 0);
+		trace_printf_key(&trace_untracked_stats,
+				 "node creation: %u\n"
+				 "gitignore invalidation: %u\n"
+				 "directory invalidation: %u\n"
+				 "opendir: %u\n",
+				 dir->untracked->dir_created,
+				 dir->untracked->gitignore_invalidated,
+				 dir->untracked->dir_invalidated,
+				 dir->untracked->dir_opened);
+		if (force_untracked_cache &&
+			dir->untracked == istate->untracked &&
+		    (dir->untracked->dir_opened ||
+		     dir->untracked->gitignore_invalidated ||
+		     dir->untracked->dir_invalidated))
+			istate->cache_changed |= UNTRACKED_CHANGED;
+		if (dir->untracked != istate->untracked) {
+			FREE_AND_NULL(dir->untracked);
+		}
+	}
 	return dir->nr;
 }
 
@@ -1473,6 +2343,15 @@ int file_exists(const char *f)
 	return lstat(f, &sb) == 0;
 }
 
+static int cmp_icase(char a, char b)
+{
+	if (a == b)
+		return 0;
+	if (ignore_case)
+		return toupper(a) - toupper(b);
+	return a - b;
+}
+
 /*
  * Given two normalized paths (a trailing slash is ok), if subdir is
  * outside dir, return -1.  Otherwise return the offset in subdir that
@@ -1484,7 +2363,7 @@ int dir_inside_of(const char *subdir, const char *dir)
 
 	assert(dir && subdir && *dir && *subdir);
 
-	while (*dir && *subdir && *dir == *subdir) {
+	while (*dir && *subdir && !cmp_icase(*dir, *subdir)) {
 		dir++;
 		subdir++;
 		offset++;
@@ -1545,10 +2424,10 @@ static int remove_dir_recurse(struct strbuf *path, int flag, int *kept_up)
 	int ret = 0, original_len = path->len, len, kept_down = 0;
 	int only_empty = (flag & REMOVE_DIR_EMPTY_ONLY);
 	int keep_toplevel = (flag & REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_TOPLEVEL);
-	unsigned char submodule_head[20];
+	struct object_id submodule_head;
 
 	if ((flag & REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_NESTED_GIT) &&
-	    !resolve_gitlink_ref(path->buf, "HEAD", submodule_head)) {
+	    !resolve_gitlink_ref(path->buf, "HEAD", &submodule_head)) {
 		/* Do not descend and nuke a nested git work tree. */
 		if (kept_up)
 			*kept_up = 1;
@@ -1569,8 +2448,7 @@ static int remove_dir_recurse(struct strbuf *path, int flag, int *kept_up)
 		else
 			return -1;
 	}
-	if (path->buf[original_len - 1] != '/')
-		strbuf_addch(path, '/');
+	strbuf_complete(path, '/');
 
 	len = path->len;
 	while ((e = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
@@ -1619,28 +2497,33 @@ int remove_dir_recursively(struct strbuf *path, int flag)
 	return remove_dir_recurse(path, flag, NULL);
 }
 
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_info_exclude, "info/exclude")
+
 void setup_standard_excludes(struct dir_struct *dir)
 {
-	const char *path;
-	char *xdg_path;
-
 	dir->exclude_per_dir = ".gitignore";
-	path = git_path("info/exclude");
-	if (!excludes_file) {
-		home_config_paths(NULL, &xdg_path, "ignore");
-		excludes_file = xdg_path;
-	}
-	if (!access_or_warn(path, R_OK, 0))
-		add_excludes_from_file(dir, path);
+
+	/* core.excludesfile defaulting to $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/ignore */
+	if (!excludes_file)
+		excludes_file = xdg_config_home("ignore");
 	if (excludes_file && !access_or_warn(excludes_file, R_OK, 0))
-		add_excludes_from_file(dir, excludes_file);
+		add_excludes_from_file_1(dir, excludes_file,
+					 dir->untracked ? &dir->ss_excludes_file : NULL);
+
+	/* per repository user preference */
+	if (startup_info->have_repository) {
+		const char *path = git_path_info_exclude();
+		if (!access_or_warn(path, R_OK, 0))
+			add_excludes_from_file_1(dir, path,
+						 dir->untracked ? &dir->ss_info_exclude : NULL);
+	}
 }
 
 int remove_path(const char *name)
 {
 	char *slash;
 
-	if (unlink(name) && errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR)
+	if (unlink(name) && !is_missing_file_error(errno))
 		return -1;
 
 	slash = strrchr(name, '/');
@@ -1685,3 +2568,553 @@ void clear_directory(struct dir_struct *dir)
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&dir->basebuf);
 }
+
+struct ondisk_untracked_cache {
+	struct stat_data info_exclude_stat;
+	struct stat_data excludes_file_stat;
+	uint32_t dir_flags;
+	unsigned char info_exclude_sha1[20];
+	unsigned char excludes_file_sha1[20];
+	char exclude_per_dir[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+
+#define ouc_offset(x) offsetof(struct ondisk_untracked_cache, x)
+#define ouc_size(len) (ouc_offset(exclude_per_dir) + len + 1)
+
+struct write_data {
+	int index;	   /* number of written untracked_cache_dir */
+	struct ewah_bitmap *check_only; /* from untracked_cache_dir */
+	struct ewah_bitmap *valid;	/* from untracked_cache_dir */
+	struct ewah_bitmap *sha1_valid; /* set if exclude_sha1 is not null */
+	struct strbuf out;
+	struct strbuf sb_stat;
+	struct strbuf sb_sha1;
+};
+
+static void stat_data_to_disk(struct stat_data *to, const struct stat_data *from)
+{
+	to->sd_ctime.sec  = htonl(from->sd_ctime.sec);
+	to->sd_ctime.nsec = htonl(from->sd_ctime.nsec);
+	to->sd_mtime.sec  = htonl(from->sd_mtime.sec);
+	to->sd_mtime.nsec = htonl(from->sd_mtime.nsec);
+	to->sd_dev	  = htonl(from->sd_dev);
+	to->sd_ino	  = htonl(from->sd_ino);
+	to->sd_uid	  = htonl(from->sd_uid);
+	to->sd_gid	  = htonl(from->sd_gid);
+	to->sd_size	  = htonl(from->sd_size);
+}
+
+static void write_one_dir(struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked,
+			  struct write_data *wd)
+{
+	struct stat_data stat_data;
+	struct strbuf *out = &wd->out;
+	unsigned char intbuf[16];
+	unsigned int intlen, value;
+	int i = wd->index++;
+
+	/*
+	 * untracked_nr should be reset whenever valid is clear, but
+	 * for safety..
+	 */
+	if (!untracked->valid) {
+		untracked->untracked_nr = 0;
+		untracked->check_only = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (untracked->check_only)
+		ewah_set(wd->check_only, i);
+	if (untracked->valid) {
+		ewah_set(wd->valid, i);
+		stat_data_to_disk(&stat_data, &untracked->stat_data);
+		strbuf_add(&wd->sb_stat, &stat_data, sizeof(stat_data));
+	}
+	if (!is_null_oid(&untracked->exclude_oid)) {
+		ewah_set(wd->sha1_valid, i);
+		strbuf_add(&wd->sb_sha1, untracked->exclude_oid.hash,
+			   the_hash_algo->rawsz);
+	}
+
+	intlen = encode_varint(untracked->untracked_nr, intbuf);
+	strbuf_add(out, intbuf, intlen);
+
+	/* skip non-recurse directories */
+	for (i = 0, value = 0; i < untracked->dirs_nr; i++)
+		if (untracked->dirs[i]->recurse)
+			value++;
+	intlen = encode_varint(value, intbuf);
+	strbuf_add(out, intbuf, intlen);
+
+	strbuf_add(out, untracked->name, strlen(untracked->name) + 1);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < untracked->untracked_nr; i++)
+		strbuf_add(out, untracked->untracked[i],
+			   strlen(untracked->untracked[i]) + 1);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < untracked->dirs_nr; i++)
+		if (untracked->dirs[i]->recurse)
+			write_one_dir(untracked->dirs[i], wd);
+}
+
+void write_untracked_extension(struct strbuf *out, struct untracked_cache *untracked)
+{
+	struct ondisk_untracked_cache *ouc;
+	struct write_data wd;
+	unsigned char varbuf[16];
+	int varint_len;
+	size_t len = strlen(untracked->exclude_per_dir);
+
+	FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(ouc, exclude_per_dir, untracked->exclude_per_dir, len);
+	stat_data_to_disk(&ouc->info_exclude_stat, &untracked->ss_info_exclude.stat);
+	stat_data_to_disk(&ouc->excludes_file_stat, &untracked->ss_excludes_file.stat);
+	hashcpy(ouc->info_exclude_sha1, untracked->ss_info_exclude.oid.hash);
+	hashcpy(ouc->excludes_file_sha1, untracked->ss_excludes_file.oid.hash);
+	ouc->dir_flags = htonl(untracked->dir_flags);
+
+	varint_len = encode_varint(untracked->ident.len, varbuf);
+	strbuf_add(out, varbuf, varint_len);
+	strbuf_addbuf(out, &untracked->ident);
+
+	strbuf_add(out, ouc, ouc_size(len));
+	FREE_AND_NULL(ouc);
+
+	if (!untracked->root) {
+		varint_len = encode_varint(0, varbuf);
+		strbuf_add(out, varbuf, varint_len);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	wd.index      = 0;
+	wd.check_only = ewah_new();
+	wd.valid      = ewah_new();
+	wd.sha1_valid = ewah_new();
+	strbuf_init(&wd.out, 1024);
+	strbuf_init(&wd.sb_stat, 1024);
+	strbuf_init(&wd.sb_sha1, 1024);
+	write_one_dir(untracked->root, &wd);
+
+	varint_len = encode_varint(wd.index, varbuf);
+	strbuf_add(out, varbuf, varint_len);
+	strbuf_addbuf(out, &wd.out);
+	ewah_serialize_strbuf(wd.valid, out);
+	ewah_serialize_strbuf(wd.check_only, out);
+	ewah_serialize_strbuf(wd.sha1_valid, out);
+	strbuf_addbuf(out, &wd.sb_stat);
+	strbuf_addbuf(out, &wd.sb_sha1);
+	strbuf_addch(out, '\0'); /* safe guard for string lists */
+
+	ewah_free(wd.valid);
+	ewah_free(wd.check_only);
+	ewah_free(wd.sha1_valid);
+	strbuf_release(&wd.out);
+	strbuf_release(&wd.sb_stat);
+	strbuf_release(&wd.sb_sha1);
+}
+
+static void free_untracked(struct untracked_cache_dir *ucd)
+{
+	int i;
+	if (!ucd)
+		return;
+	for (i = 0; i < ucd->dirs_nr; i++)
+		free_untracked(ucd->dirs[i]);
+	for (i = 0; i < ucd->untracked_nr; i++)
+		free(ucd->untracked[i]);
+	free(ucd->untracked);
+	free(ucd->dirs);
+	free(ucd);
+}
+
+void free_untracked_cache(struct untracked_cache *uc)
+{
+	if (uc)
+		free_untracked(uc->root);
+	free(uc);
+}
+
+struct read_data {
+	int index;
+	struct untracked_cache_dir **ucd;
+	struct ewah_bitmap *check_only;
+	struct ewah_bitmap *valid;
+	struct ewah_bitmap *sha1_valid;
+	const unsigned char *data;
+	const unsigned char *end;
+};
+
+static void stat_data_from_disk(struct stat_data *to, const unsigned char *data)
+{
+	memcpy(to, data, sizeof(*to));
+	to->sd_ctime.sec  = ntohl(to->sd_ctime.sec);
+	to->sd_ctime.nsec = ntohl(to->sd_ctime.nsec);
+	to->sd_mtime.sec  = ntohl(to->sd_mtime.sec);
+	to->sd_mtime.nsec = ntohl(to->sd_mtime.nsec);
+	to->sd_dev	  = ntohl(to->sd_dev);
+	to->sd_ino	  = ntohl(to->sd_ino);
+	to->sd_uid	  = ntohl(to->sd_uid);
+	to->sd_gid	  = ntohl(to->sd_gid);
+	to->sd_size	  = ntohl(to->sd_size);
+}
+
+static int read_one_dir(struct untracked_cache_dir **untracked_,
+			struct read_data *rd)
+{
+	struct untracked_cache_dir ud, *untracked;
+	const unsigned char *next, *data = rd->data, *end = rd->end;
+	unsigned int value;
+	int i, len;
+
+	memset(&ud, 0, sizeof(ud));
+
+	next = data;
+	value = decode_varint(&next);
+	if (next > end)
+		return -1;
+	ud.recurse	   = 1;
+	ud.untracked_alloc = value;
+	ud.untracked_nr	   = value;
+	if (ud.untracked_nr)
+		ALLOC_ARRAY(ud.untracked, ud.untracked_nr);
+	data = next;
+
+	next = data;
+	ud.dirs_alloc = ud.dirs_nr = decode_varint(&next);
+	if (next > end)
+		return -1;
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(ud.dirs, ud.dirs_nr);
+	data = next;
+
+	len = strlen((const char *)data);
+	next = data + len + 1;
+	if (next > rd->end)
+		return -1;
+	*untracked_ = untracked = xmalloc(st_add(sizeof(*untracked), len));
+	memcpy(untracked, &ud, sizeof(ud));
+	memcpy(untracked->name, data, len + 1);
+	data = next;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < untracked->untracked_nr; i++) {
+		len = strlen((const char *)data);
+		next = data + len + 1;
+		if (next > rd->end)
+			return -1;
+		untracked->untracked[i] = xstrdup((const char*)data);
+		data = next;
+	}
+
+	rd->ucd[rd->index++] = untracked;
+	rd->data = data;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < untracked->dirs_nr; i++) {
+		len = read_one_dir(untracked->dirs + i, rd);
+		if (len < 0)
+			return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void set_check_only(size_t pos, void *cb)
+{
+	struct read_data *rd = cb;
+	struct untracked_cache_dir *ud = rd->ucd[pos];
+	ud->check_only = 1;
+}
+
+static void read_stat(size_t pos, void *cb)
+{
+	struct read_data *rd = cb;
+	struct untracked_cache_dir *ud = rd->ucd[pos];
+	if (rd->data + sizeof(struct stat_data) > rd->end) {
+		rd->data = rd->end + 1;
+		return;
+	}
+	stat_data_from_disk(&ud->stat_data, rd->data);
+	rd->data += sizeof(struct stat_data);
+	ud->valid = 1;
+}
+
+static void read_oid(size_t pos, void *cb)
+{
+	struct read_data *rd = cb;
+	struct untracked_cache_dir *ud = rd->ucd[pos];
+	if (rd->data + the_hash_algo->rawsz > rd->end) {
+		rd->data = rd->end + 1;
+		return;
+	}
+	hashcpy(ud->exclude_oid.hash, rd->data);
+	rd->data += the_hash_algo->rawsz;
+}
+
+static void load_oid_stat(struct oid_stat *oid_stat, const unsigned char *data,
+			  const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	stat_data_from_disk(&oid_stat->stat, data);
+	hashcpy(oid_stat->oid.hash, sha1);
+	oid_stat->valid = 1;
+}
+
+struct untracked_cache *read_untracked_extension(const void *data, unsigned long sz)
+{
+	struct untracked_cache *uc;
+	struct read_data rd;
+	const unsigned char *next = data, *end = (const unsigned char *)data + sz;
+	const char *ident;
+	int ident_len;
+	ssize_t len;
+	const char *exclude_per_dir;
+
+	if (sz <= 1 || end[-1] != '\0')
+		return NULL;
+	end--;
+
+	ident_len = decode_varint(&next);
+	if (next + ident_len > end)
+		return NULL;
+	ident = (const char *)next;
+	next += ident_len;
+
+	if (next + ouc_size(0) > end)
+		return NULL;
+
+	uc = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*uc));
+	strbuf_init(&uc->ident, ident_len);
+	strbuf_add(&uc->ident, ident, ident_len);
+	load_oid_stat(&uc->ss_info_exclude,
+		      next + ouc_offset(info_exclude_stat),
+		      next + ouc_offset(info_exclude_sha1));
+	load_oid_stat(&uc->ss_excludes_file,
+		      next + ouc_offset(excludes_file_stat),
+		      next + ouc_offset(excludes_file_sha1));
+	uc->dir_flags = get_be32(next + ouc_offset(dir_flags));
+	exclude_per_dir = (const char *)next + ouc_offset(exclude_per_dir);
+	uc->exclude_per_dir = xstrdup(exclude_per_dir);
+	/* NUL after exclude_per_dir is covered by sizeof(*ouc) */
+	next += ouc_size(strlen(exclude_per_dir));
+	if (next >= end)
+		goto done2;
+
+	len = decode_varint(&next);
+	if (next > end || len == 0)
+		goto done2;
+
+	rd.valid      = ewah_new();
+	rd.check_only = ewah_new();
+	rd.sha1_valid = ewah_new();
+	rd.data	      = next;
+	rd.end	      = end;
+	rd.index      = 0;
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(rd.ucd, len);
+
+	if (read_one_dir(&uc->root, &rd) || rd.index != len)
+		goto done;
+
+	next = rd.data;
+	len = ewah_read_mmap(rd.valid, next, end - next);
+	if (len < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	next += len;
+	len = ewah_read_mmap(rd.check_only, next, end - next);
+	if (len < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	next += len;
+	len = ewah_read_mmap(rd.sha1_valid, next, end - next);
+	if (len < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	ewah_each_bit(rd.check_only, set_check_only, &rd);
+	rd.data = next + len;
+	ewah_each_bit(rd.valid, read_stat, &rd);
+	ewah_each_bit(rd.sha1_valid, read_oid, &rd);
+	next = rd.data;
+
+done:
+	free(rd.ucd);
+	ewah_free(rd.valid);
+	ewah_free(rd.check_only);
+	ewah_free(rd.sha1_valid);
+done2:
+	if (next != end) {
+		free_untracked_cache(uc);
+		uc = NULL;
+	}
+	return uc;
+}
+
+static void invalidate_one_directory(struct untracked_cache *uc,
+				     struct untracked_cache_dir *ucd)
+{
+	uc->dir_invalidated++;
+	ucd->valid = 0;
+	ucd->untracked_nr = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Normally when an entry is added or removed from a directory,
+ * invalidating that directory is enough. No need to touch its
+ * ancestors. When a directory is shown as "foo/bar/" in git-status
+ * however, deleting or adding an entry may have cascading effect.
+ *
+ * Say the "foo/bar/file" has become untracked, we need to tell the
+ * untracked_cache_dir of "foo" that "bar/" is not an untracked
+ * directory any more (because "bar" is managed by foo as an untracked
+ * "file").
+ *
+ * Similarly, if "foo/bar/file" moves from untracked to tracked and it
+ * was the last untracked entry in the entire "foo", we should show
+ * "foo/" instead. Which means we have to invalidate past "bar" up to
+ * "foo".
+ *
+ * This function traverses all directories from root to leaf. If there
+ * is a chance of one of the above cases happening, we invalidate back
+ * to root. Otherwise we just invalidate the leaf. There may be a more
+ * sophisticated way than checking for SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES to
+ * detect these cases and avoid unnecessary invalidation, for example,
+ * checking for the untracked entry named "bar/" in "foo", but for now
+ * stick to something safe and simple.
+ */
+static int invalidate_one_component(struct untracked_cache *uc,
+				    struct untracked_cache_dir *dir,
+				    const char *path, int len)
+{
+	const char *rest = strchr(path, '/');
+
+	if (rest) {
+		int component_len = rest - path;
+		struct untracked_cache_dir *d =
+			lookup_untracked(uc, dir, path, component_len);
+		int ret =
+			invalidate_one_component(uc, d, rest + 1,
+						 len - (component_len + 1));
+		if (ret)
+			invalidate_one_directory(uc, dir);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	invalidate_one_directory(uc, dir);
+	return uc->dir_flags & DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES;
+}
+
+void untracked_cache_invalidate_path(struct index_state *istate,
+				     const char *path, int safe_path)
+{
+	if (!istate->untracked || !istate->untracked->root)
+		return;
+	if (!safe_path && !verify_path(path, 0))
+		return;
+	invalidate_one_component(istate->untracked, istate->untracked->root,
+				 path, strlen(path));
+}
+
+void untracked_cache_remove_from_index(struct index_state *istate,
+				       const char *path)
+{
+	untracked_cache_invalidate_path(istate, path, 1);
+}
+
+void untracked_cache_add_to_index(struct index_state *istate,
+				  const char *path)
+{
+	untracked_cache_invalidate_path(istate, path, 1);
+}
+
+static void connect_wt_gitdir_in_nested(const char *sub_worktree,
+					const char *sub_gitdir)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct repository subrepo;
+	struct strbuf sub_wt = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf sub_gd = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	const struct submodule *sub;
+
+	/* If the submodule has no working tree, we can ignore it. */
+	if (repo_init(&subrepo, sub_gitdir, sub_worktree))
+		return;
+
+	if (repo_read_index(&subrepo) < 0)
+		die(_("index file corrupt in repo %s"), subrepo.gitdir);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < subrepo.index->cache_nr; i++) {
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = subrepo.index->cache[i];
+
+		if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+			continue;
+
+		while (i + 1 < subrepo.index->cache_nr &&
+		       !strcmp(ce->name, subrepo.index->cache[i + 1]->name))
+			/*
+			 * Skip entries with the same name in different stages
+			 * to make sure an entry is returned only once.
+			 */
+			i++;
+
+		sub = submodule_from_path(&subrepo, &null_oid, ce->name);
+		if (!sub || !is_submodule_active(&subrepo, ce->name))
+			/* .gitmodules broken or inactive sub */
+			continue;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&sub_wt);
+		strbuf_reset(&sub_gd);
+		strbuf_addf(&sub_wt, "%s/%s", sub_worktree, sub->path);
+		strbuf_addf(&sub_gd, "%s/modules/%s", sub_gitdir, sub->name);
+
+		connect_work_tree_and_git_dir(sub_wt.buf, sub_gd.buf, 1);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sub_wt);
+	strbuf_release(&sub_gd);
+	repo_clear(&subrepo);
+}
+
+void connect_work_tree_and_git_dir(const char *work_tree_,
+				   const char *git_dir_,
+				   int recurse_into_nested)
+{
+	struct strbuf gitfile_sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf cfg_sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf rel_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *git_dir, *work_tree;
+
+	/* Prepare .git file */
+	strbuf_addf(&gitfile_sb, "%s/.git", work_tree_);
+	if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(gitfile_sb.buf))
+		die(_("could not create directories for %s"), gitfile_sb.buf);
+
+	/* Prepare config file */
+	strbuf_addf(&cfg_sb, "%s/config", git_dir_);
+	if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(cfg_sb.buf))
+		die(_("could not create directories for %s"), cfg_sb.buf);
+
+	git_dir = real_pathdup(git_dir_, 1);
+	work_tree = real_pathdup(work_tree_, 1);
+
+	/* Write .git file */
+	write_file(gitfile_sb.buf, "gitdir: %s",
+		   relative_path(git_dir, work_tree, &rel_path));
+	/* Update core.worktree setting */
+	git_config_set_in_file(cfg_sb.buf, "core.worktree",
+			       relative_path(work_tree, git_dir, &rel_path));
+
+	strbuf_release(&gitfile_sb);
+	strbuf_release(&cfg_sb);
+	strbuf_release(&rel_path);
+
+	if (recurse_into_nested)
+		connect_wt_gitdir_in_nested(work_tree, git_dir);
+
+	free(work_tree);
+	free(git_dir);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Migrate the git directory of the given path from old_git_dir to new_git_dir.
+ */
+void relocate_gitdir(const char *path, const char *old_git_dir, const char *new_git_dir)
+{
+	if (rename(old_git_dir, new_git_dir) < 0)
+		die_errno(_("could not migrate git directory from '%s' to '%s'"),
+			old_git_dir, new_git_dir);
+
+	connect_work_tree_and_git_dir(path, new_git_dir, 0);
+}
diff --git a/dir.h b/dir.h
index 6c45e9d4b9..e3ec26143d 100644
--- a/dir.h
+++ b/dir.h
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 /* See Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt */
 
+#include "cache.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 
 struct dir_entry {
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ struct exclude {
 	int nowildcardlen;
 	const char *base;
 	int baselen;
-	int flags;
+	unsigned flags;		/* EXC_FLAG_* */
 
 	/*
 	 * Counting starts from 1 for line numbers in ignore files,
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@ struct exclude_stack {
 	struct exclude_stack *prev; /* the struct exclude_stack for the parent directory */
 	int baselen;
 	int exclude_ix; /* index of exclude_list within EXC_DIRS exclude_list_group */
+	struct untracked_cache_dir *ucd;
 };
 
 struct exclude_list_group {
@@ -73,6 +75,75 @@ struct exclude_list_group {
 	struct exclude_list *el;
 };
 
+struct oid_stat {
+	struct stat_data stat;
+	struct object_id oid;
+	int valid;
+};
+
+/*
+ *  Untracked cache
+ *
+ *  The following inputs are sufficient to determine what files in a
+ *  directory are excluded:
+ *
+ *   - The list of files and directories of the directory in question
+ *   - The $GIT_DIR/index
+ *   - dir_struct flags
+ *   - The content of $GIT_DIR/info/exclude
+ *   - The content of core.excludesfile
+ *   - The content (or the lack) of .gitignore of all parent directories
+ *     from $GIT_WORK_TREE
+ *   - The check_only flag in read_directory_recursive (for
+ *     DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES)
+ *
+ *  The first input can be checked using directory mtime. In many
+ *  filesystems, directory mtime (stat_data field) is updated when its
+ *  files or direct subdirs are added or removed.
+ *
+ *  The second one can be hooked from cache_tree_invalidate_path().
+ *  Whenever a file (or a submodule) is added or removed from a
+ *  directory, we invalidate that directory.
+ *
+ *  The remaining inputs are easy, their SHA-1 could be used to verify
+ *  their contents (exclude_sha1[], info_exclude_sha1[] and
+ *  excludes_file_sha1[])
+ */
+struct untracked_cache_dir {
+	struct untracked_cache_dir **dirs;
+	char **untracked;
+	struct stat_data stat_data;
+	unsigned int untracked_alloc, dirs_nr, dirs_alloc;
+	unsigned int untracked_nr;
+	unsigned int check_only : 1;
+	/* all data except 'dirs' in this struct are good */
+	unsigned int valid : 1;
+	unsigned int recurse : 1;
+	/* null object ID means this directory does not have .gitignore */
+	struct object_id exclude_oid;
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+
+struct untracked_cache {
+	struct oid_stat ss_info_exclude;
+	struct oid_stat ss_excludes_file;
+	const char *exclude_per_dir;
+	struct strbuf ident;
+	/*
+	 * dir_struct#flags must match dir_flags or the untracked
+	 * cache is ignored.
+	 */
+	unsigned dir_flags;
+	struct untracked_cache_dir *root;
+	/* Statistics */
+	int dir_created;
+	int gitignore_invalidated;
+	int dir_invalidated;
+	int dir_opened;
+	/* fsmonitor invalidation data */
+	unsigned int use_fsmonitor : 1;
+};
+
 struct dir_struct {
 	int nr, alloc;
 	int ignored_nr, ignored_alloc;
@@ -83,7 +154,9 @@ struct dir_struct {
 		DIR_NO_GITLINKS = 1<<3,
 		DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED = 1<<4,
 		DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO = 1<<5,
-		DIR_COLLECT_KILLED_ONLY = 1<<6
+		DIR_COLLECT_KILLED_ONLY = 1<<6,
+		DIR_KEEP_UNTRACKED_CONTENTS = 1<<7,
+		DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO_MODE_MATCHING = 1<<8
 	} flags;
 	struct dir_entry **entries;
 	struct dir_entry **ignored;
@@ -120,8 +193,17 @@ struct dir_struct {
 	struct exclude_stack *exclude_stack;
 	struct exclude *exclude;
 	struct strbuf basebuf;
+
+	/* Enable untracked file cache if set */
+	struct untracked_cache *untracked;
+	struct oid_stat ss_info_exclude;
+	struct oid_stat ss_excludes_file;
+	unsigned unmanaged_exclude_files;
 };
 
+/*Count the number of slashes for string s*/
+extern int count_slashes(const char *s);
+
 /*
  * The ordering of these constants is significant, with
  * higher-numbered match types signifying "closer" (i.e. more
@@ -134,39 +216,55 @@ struct dir_struct {
 extern int simple_length(const char *match);
 extern int no_wildcard(const char *string);
 extern char *common_prefix(const struct pathspec *pathspec);
-extern int match_pathspec(const struct pathspec *pathspec,
+extern int match_pathspec(const struct index_state *istate,
+			  const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 			  const char *name, int namelen,
 			  int prefix, char *seen, int is_dir);
+extern int report_path_error(const char *ps_matched, const struct pathspec *pathspec, const char *prefix);
 extern int within_depth(const char *name, int namelen, int depth, int max_depth);
 
-extern int fill_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const struct pathspec *pathspec);
-extern int read_directory(struct dir_struct *, const char *path, int len, const struct pathspec *pathspec);
-
-extern int is_excluded_from_list(const char *pathname, int pathlen, const char *basename,
-				 int *dtype, struct exclude_list *el);
-struct dir_entry *dir_add_ignored(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int len);
+extern int fill_directory(struct dir_struct *dir,
+			  struct index_state *istate,
+			  const struct pathspec *pathspec);
+extern int read_directory(struct dir_struct *, struct index_state *istate,
+			  const char *path, int len,
+			  const struct pathspec *pathspec);
+
+extern int is_excluded_from_list(const char *pathname, int pathlen,
+				 const char *basename, int *dtype,
+				 struct exclude_list *el,
+				 struct index_state *istate);
+struct dir_entry *dir_add_ignored(struct dir_struct *dir,
+				  struct index_state *istate,
+				  const char *pathname, int len);
 
 /*
  * these implement the matching logic for dir.c:excluded_from_list and
  * attr.c:path_matches()
  */
 extern int match_basename(const char *, int,
-			  const char *, int, int, int);
+			  const char *, int, int, unsigned);
 extern int match_pathname(const char *, int,
 			  const char *, int,
-			  const char *, int, int, int);
+			  const char *, int, int, unsigned);
 
 extern struct exclude *last_exclude_matching(struct dir_struct *dir,
+					     struct index_state *istate,
 					     const char *name, int *dtype);
 
-extern int is_excluded(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *name, int *dtype);
+extern int is_excluded(struct dir_struct *dir,
+		       struct index_state *istate,
+		       const char *name, int *dtype);
 
 extern struct exclude_list *add_exclude_list(struct dir_struct *dir,
 					     int group_type, const char *src);
 extern int add_excludes_from_file_to_list(const char *fname, const char *base, int baselen,
-					  struct exclude_list *el, int check_index);
+					  struct exclude_list *el, struct  index_state *istate);
 extern void add_excludes_from_file(struct dir_struct *, const char *fname);
-extern void parse_exclude_pattern(const char **string, int *patternlen, int *flags, int *nowildcardlen);
+extern int add_excludes_from_blob_to_list(struct object_id *oid,
+					  const char *base, int baselen,
+					  struct exclude_list *el);
+extern void parse_exclude_pattern(const char **string, int *patternlen, unsigned *flags, int *nowildcardlen);
 extern void add_exclude(const char *string, const char *base,
 			int baselen, struct exclude_list *el, int srcpos);
 extern void clear_exclude_list(struct exclude_list *el);
@@ -187,17 +285,39 @@ extern int is_empty_dir(const char *dir);
 
 extern void setup_standard_excludes(struct dir_struct *dir);
 
+
+/* Constants for remove_dir_recursively: */
+
+/*
+ * If a non-directory is found within path, stop and return an error.
+ * (In this case some empty directories might already have been
+ * removed.)
+ */
 #define REMOVE_DIR_EMPTY_ONLY 01
+
+/*
+ * If any Git work trees are found within path, skip them without
+ * considering it an error.
+ */
 #define REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_NESTED_GIT 02
+
+/* Remove the contents of path, but leave path itself. */
 #define REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_TOPLEVEL 04
+
+/*
+ * Remove path and its contents, recursively. flags is a combination
+ * of the above REMOVE_DIR_* constants. Return 0 on success.
+ *
+ * This function uses path as temporary scratch space, but restores it
+ * before returning.
+ */
 extern int remove_dir_recursively(struct strbuf *path, int flag);
 
 /* tries to remove the path with empty directories along it, ignores ENOENT */
 extern int remove_path(const char *path);
 
-extern int strcmp_icase(const char *a, const char *b);
-extern int strncmp_icase(const char *a, const char *b, size_t count);
-extern int fnmatch_icase(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags);
+extern int fspathcmp(const char *a, const char *b);
+extern int fspathncmp(const char *a, const char *b, size_t count);
 
 /*
  * The prefix part of pattern must not contains wildcards.
@@ -207,22 +327,55 @@ extern int git_fnmatch(const struct pathspec_item *item,
 		       const char *pattern, const char *string,
 		       int prefix);
 
-static inline int ce_path_match(const struct cache_entry *ce,
+extern int submodule_path_match(const struct index_state *istate,
+				const struct pathspec *ps,
+				const char *submodule_name,
+				char *seen);
+
+static inline int ce_path_match(const struct index_state *istate,
+				const struct cache_entry *ce,
 				const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 				char *seen)
 {
-	return match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, seen,
+	return match_pathspec(istate, pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, seen,
 			      S_ISDIR(ce->ce_mode) || S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode));
 }
 
-static inline int dir_path_match(const struct dir_entry *ent,
+static inline int dir_path_match(const struct index_state *istate,
+				 const struct dir_entry *ent,
 				 const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 				 int prefix, char *seen)
 {
 	int has_trailing_dir = ent->len && ent->name[ent->len - 1] == '/';
 	int len = has_trailing_dir ? ent->len - 1 : ent->len;
-	return match_pathspec(pathspec, ent->name, len, prefix, seen,
+	return match_pathspec(istate, pathspec, ent->name, len, prefix, seen,
 			      has_trailing_dir);
 }
 
+int cmp_dir_entry(const void *p1, const void *p2);
+int check_dir_entry_contains(const struct dir_entry *out, const struct dir_entry *in);
+
+void untracked_cache_invalidate_path(struct index_state *, const char *, int safe_path);
+void untracked_cache_remove_from_index(struct index_state *, const char *);
+void untracked_cache_add_to_index(struct index_state *, const char *);
+
+void free_untracked_cache(struct untracked_cache *);
+struct untracked_cache *read_untracked_extension(const void *data, unsigned long sz);
+void write_untracked_extension(struct strbuf *out, struct untracked_cache *untracked);
+void add_untracked_cache(struct index_state *istate);
+void remove_untracked_cache(struct index_state *istate);
+
+/*
+ * Connect a worktree to a git directory by creating (or overwriting) a
+ * '.git' file containing the location of the git directory. In the git
+ * directory set the core.worktree setting to indicate where the worktree is.
+ * When `recurse_into_nested` is set, recurse into any nested submodules,
+ * connecting them as well.
+ */
+extern void connect_work_tree_and_git_dir(const char *work_tree,
+					  const char *git_dir,
+					  int recurse_into_nested);
+extern void relocate_gitdir(const char *path,
+			    const char *old_git_dir,
+			    const char *new_git_dir);
 #endif
diff --git a/editor.c b/editor.c
index 01c644cddb..9a9b4e12d1 100644
--- a/editor.c
+++ b/editor.c
@@ -7,11 +7,16 @@
 #define DEFAULT_EDITOR "vi"
 #endif
 
+int is_terminal_dumb(void)
+{
+	const char *terminal = getenv("TERM");
+	return !terminal || !strcmp(terminal, "dumb");
+}
+
 const char *git_editor(void)
 {
 	const char *editor = getenv("GIT_EDITOR");
-	const char *terminal = getenv("TERM");
-	int terminal_is_dumb = !terminal || !strcmp(terminal, "dumb");
+	int terminal_is_dumb = is_terminal_dumb();
 
 	if (!editor && editor_program)
 		editor = editor_program;
@@ -40,6 +45,23 @@ int launch_editor(const char *path, struct strbuf *buffer, const char *const *en
 		const char *args[] = { editor, real_path(path), NULL };
 		struct child_process p = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 		int ret, sig;
+		int print_waiting_for_editor = advice_waiting_for_editor && isatty(2);
+
+		if (print_waiting_for_editor) {
+			/*
+			 * A dumb terminal cannot erase the line later on. Add a
+			 * newline to separate the hint from subsequent output.
+			 *
+			 * Make sure that our message is separated with a whitespace
+			 * from further cruft that may be written by the editor.
+			 */
+			const char term = is_terminal_dumb() ? '\n' : ' ';
+
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				_("hint: Waiting for your editor to close the file...%c"),
+				term);
+			fflush(stderr);
+		}
 
 		p.argv = args;
 		p.env = env;
@@ -58,12 +80,18 @@ int launch_editor(const char *path, struct strbuf *buffer, const char *const *en
 		if (ret)
 			return error("There was a problem with the editor '%s'.",
 					editor);
+
+		if (print_waiting_for_editor && !is_terminal_dumb())
+			/*
+			 * Go back to the beginning and erase the entire line to
+			 * avoid wasting the vertical space.
+			 */
+			fputs("\r\033[K", stderr);
 	}
 
 	if (!buffer)
 		return 0;
 	if (strbuf_read_file(buffer, path, 0) < 0)
-		return error("could not read file '%s': %s",
-				path, strerror(errno));
+		return error_errno("could not read file '%s'", path);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/entry.c b/entry.c
index 1eda8e9471..2a2ab6c839 100644
--- a/entry.c
+++ b/entry.c
@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "blob.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "streaming.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
+#include "progress.h"
+#include "fsmonitor.h"
 
 static void create_directories(const char *path, int path_len,
 			       const struct checkout *state)
 {
-	char *buf = xmalloc(path_len + 1);
+	char *buf = xmallocz(path_len);
 	int len = 0;
 
 	while (len < path_len) {
@@ -82,12 +86,12 @@ static int create_file(const char *path, unsigned int mode)
 static void *read_blob_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce, unsigned long *size)
 {
 	enum object_type type;
-	void *new = read_sha1_file(ce->sha1, &type, size);
+	void *blob_data = read_object_file(&ce->oid, &type, size);
 
-	if (new) {
+	if (blob_data) {
 		if (type == OBJ_BLOB)
-			return new;
-		free(new);
+			return blob_data;
+		free(blob_data);
 	}
 	return NULL;
 }
@@ -96,8 +100,8 @@ static int open_output_fd(char *path, const struct cache_entry *ce, int to_tempf
 {
 	int symlink = (ce->ce_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFREG;
 	if (to_tempfile) {
-		strcpy(path, symlink
-		       ? ".merge_link_XXXXXX" : ".merge_file_XXXXXX");
+		xsnprintf(path, TEMPORARY_FILENAME_LENGTH, "%s",
+			  symlink ? ".merge_link_XXXXXX" : ".merge_file_XXXXXX");
 		return mkstemp(path);
 	} else {
 		return create_file(path, !symlink ? ce->ce_mode : 0666);
@@ -127,7 +131,7 @@ static int streaming_write_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce, char *path,
 	if (fd < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	result |= stream_blob_to_fd(fd, ce->sha1, filter, 1);
+	result |= stream_blob_to_fd(fd, &ce->oid, filter, 1);
 	*fstat_done = fstat_output(fd, state, statbuf);
 	result |= close(fd);
 
@@ -136,19 +140,134 @@ static int streaming_write_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce, char *path,
 	return result;
 }
 
+void enable_delayed_checkout(struct checkout *state)
+{
+	if (!state->delayed_checkout) {
+		state->delayed_checkout = xmalloc(sizeof(*state->delayed_checkout));
+		state->delayed_checkout->state = CE_CAN_DELAY;
+		string_list_init(&state->delayed_checkout->filters, 0);
+		string_list_init(&state->delayed_checkout->paths, 0);
+	}
+}
+
+static int remove_available_paths(struct string_list_item *item, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct string_list *available_paths = cb_data;
+	struct string_list_item *available;
+
+	available = string_list_lookup(available_paths, item->string);
+	if (available)
+		available->util = (void *)item->string;
+	return !available;
+}
+
+int finish_delayed_checkout(struct checkout *state)
+{
+	int errs = 0;
+	unsigned delayed_object_count;
+	off_t filtered_bytes = 0;
+	struct string_list_item *filter, *path;
+	struct progress *progress;
+	struct delayed_checkout *dco = state->delayed_checkout;
+
+	if (!state->delayed_checkout)
+		return errs;
+
+	dco->state = CE_RETRY;
+	delayed_object_count = dco->paths.nr;
+	progress = start_delayed_progress(_("Filtering content"), delayed_object_count);
+	while (dco->filters.nr > 0) {
+		for_each_string_list_item(filter, &dco->filters) {
+			struct string_list available_paths = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+			display_progress(progress, delayed_object_count - dco->paths.nr);
+
+			if (!async_query_available_blobs(filter->string, &available_paths)) {
+				/* Filter reported an error */
+				errs = 1;
+				filter->string = "";
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (available_paths.nr <= 0) {
+				/*
+				 * Filter responded with no entries. That means
+				 * the filter is done and we can remove the
+				 * filter from the list (see
+				 * "string_list_remove_empty_items" call below).
+				 */
+				filter->string = "";
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * In dco->paths we store a list of all delayed paths.
+			 * The filter just send us a list of available paths.
+			 * Remove them from the list.
+			 */
+			filter_string_list(&dco->paths, 0,
+				&remove_available_paths, &available_paths);
+
+			for_each_string_list_item(path, &available_paths) {
+				struct cache_entry* ce;
+
+				if (!path->util) {
+					error("external filter '%s' signaled that '%s' "
+					      "is now available although it has not been "
+					      "delayed earlier",
+					      filter->string, path->string);
+					errs |= 1;
+
+					/*
+					 * Do not ask the filter for available blobs,
+					 * again, as the filter is likely buggy.
+					 */
+					filter->string = "";
+					continue;
+				}
+				ce = index_file_exists(state->istate, path->string,
+						       strlen(path->string), 0);
+				if (ce) {
+					errs |= checkout_entry(ce, state, NULL);
+					filtered_bytes += ce->ce_stat_data.sd_size;
+					display_throughput(progress, filtered_bytes);
+				} else
+					errs = 1;
+			}
+		}
+		string_list_remove_empty_items(&dco->filters, 0);
+	}
+	stop_progress(&progress);
+	string_list_clear(&dco->filters, 0);
+
+	/* At this point we should not have any delayed paths anymore. */
+	errs |= dco->paths.nr;
+	for_each_string_list_item(path, &dco->paths) {
+		error("'%s' was not filtered properly", path->string);
+	}
+	string_list_clear(&dco->paths, 0);
+
+	free(dco);
+	state->delayed_checkout = NULL;
+
+	return errs;
+}
+
 static int write_entry(struct cache_entry *ce,
 		       char *path, const struct checkout *state, int to_tempfile)
 {
 	unsigned int ce_mode_s_ifmt = ce->ce_mode & S_IFMT;
+	struct delayed_checkout *dco = state->delayed_checkout;
 	int fd, ret, fstat_done = 0;
-	char *new;
+	char *new_blob;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	unsigned long size;
-	size_t wrote, newsize = 0;
+	ssize_t wrote;
+	size_t newsize = 0;
 	struct stat st;
+	const struct submodule *sub;
 
 	if (ce_mode_s_ifmt == S_IFREG) {
-		struct stream_filter *filter = get_stream_filter(ce->name, ce->sha1);
+		struct stream_filter *filter = get_stream_filter(state->istate, ce->name,
+								 &ce->oid);
 		if (filter &&
 		    !streaming_write_entry(ce, path, filter,
 					   state, to_tempfile,
@@ -157,53 +276,92 @@ static int write_entry(struct cache_entry *ce,
 	}
 
 	switch (ce_mode_s_ifmt) {
-	case S_IFREG:
 	case S_IFLNK:
-		new = read_blob_entry(ce, &size);
-		if (!new)
+		new_blob = read_blob_entry(ce, &size);
+		if (!new_blob)
 			return error("unable to read sha1 file of %s (%s)",
-				path, sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
-
-		if (ce_mode_s_ifmt == S_IFLNK && has_symlinks && !to_tempfile) {
-			ret = symlink(new, path);
-			free(new);
-			if (ret)
-				return error("unable to create symlink %s (%s)",
-					     path, strerror(errno));
-			break;
+				     path, oid_to_hex(&ce->oid));
+
+		/*
+		 * We can't make a real symlink; write out a regular file entry
+		 * with the symlink destination as its contents.
+		 */
+		if (!has_symlinks || to_tempfile)
+			goto write_file_entry;
+
+		ret = symlink(new_blob, path);
+		free(new_blob);
+		if (ret)
+			return error_errno("unable to create symlink %s", path);
+		break;
+
+	case S_IFREG:
+		/*
+		 * We do not send the blob in case of a retry, so do not
+		 * bother reading it at all.
+		 */
+		if (dco && dco->state == CE_RETRY) {
+			new_blob = NULL;
+			size = 0;
+		} else {
+			new_blob = read_blob_entry(ce, &size);
+			if (!new_blob)
+				return error("unable to read sha1 file of %s (%s)",
+					     path, oid_to_hex(&ce->oid));
 		}
 
 		/*
 		 * Convert from git internal format to working tree format
 		 */
-		if (ce_mode_s_ifmt == S_IFREG &&
-		    convert_to_working_tree(ce->name, new, size, &buf)) {
-			free(new);
-			new = strbuf_detach(&buf, &newsize);
+		if (dco && dco->state != CE_NO_DELAY) {
+			ret = async_convert_to_working_tree(state->istate, ce->name, new_blob,
+							    size, &buf, dco);
+			if (ret && string_list_has_string(&dco->paths, ce->name)) {
+				free(new_blob);
+				goto delayed;
+			}
+		} else
+			ret = convert_to_working_tree(state->istate, ce->name, new_blob, size, &buf);
+
+		if (ret) {
+			free(new_blob);
+			new_blob = strbuf_detach(&buf, &newsize);
 			size = newsize;
 		}
+		/*
+		 * No "else" here as errors from convert are OK at this
+		 * point. If the error would have been fatal (e.g.
+		 * filter is required), then we would have died already.
+		 */
 
+	write_file_entry:
 		fd = open_output_fd(path, ce, to_tempfile);
 		if (fd < 0) {
-			free(new);
-			return error("unable to create file %s (%s)",
-				path, strerror(errno));
+			free(new_blob);
+			return error_errno("unable to create file %s", path);
 		}
 
-		wrote = write_in_full(fd, new, size);
+		wrote = write_in_full(fd, new_blob, size);
 		if (!to_tempfile)
 			fstat_done = fstat_output(fd, state, &st);
 		close(fd);
-		free(new);
-		if (wrote != size)
+		free(new_blob);
+		if (wrote < 0)
 			return error("unable to write file %s", path);
 		break;
+
 	case S_IFGITLINK:
 		if (to_tempfile)
 			return error("cannot create temporary submodule %s", path);
 		if (mkdir(path, 0777) < 0)
 			return error("cannot create submodule directory %s", path);
+		sub = submodule_from_ce(ce);
+		if (sub)
+			return submodule_move_head(ce->name,
+				NULL, oid_to_hex(&ce->oid),
+				state->force ? SUBMODULE_MOVE_HEAD_FORCE : 0);
 		break;
+
 	default:
 		return error("unknown file mode for %s in index", path);
 	}
@@ -212,11 +370,15 @@ finish:
 	if (state->refresh_cache) {
 		assert(state->istate);
 		if (!fstat_done)
-			lstat(ce->name, &st);
+			if (lstat(ce->name, &st) < 0)
+				return error_errno("unable to stat just-written file %s",
+						   ce->name);
 		fill_stat_cache_info(ce, &st);
 		ce->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
+		mark_fsmonitor_invalid(state->istate, ce);
 		state->istate->cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_CHANGED;
 	}
+delayed:
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -259,7 +421,31 @@ int checkout_entry(struct cache_entry *ce,
 	strbuf_add(&path, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce));
 
 	if (!check_path(path.buf, path.len, &st, state->base_dir_len)) {
-		unsigned changed = ce_match_stat(ce, &st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID|CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE);
+		const struct submodule *sub;
+		unsigned changed = ie_match_stat(state->istate, ce, &st,
+						 CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID | CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE);
+		/*
+		 * Needs to be checked before !changed returns early,
+		 * as the possibly empty directory was not changed
+		 */
+		sub = submodule_from_ce(ce);
+		if (sub) {
+			int err;
+			if (!is_submodule_populated_gently(ce->name, &err)) {
+				struct stat sb;
+				if (lstat(ce->name, &sb))
+					die(_("could not stat file '%s'"), ce->name);
+				if (!(st.st_mode & S_IFDIR))
+					unlink_or_warn(ce->name);
+
+				return submodule_move_head(ce->name,
+					NULL, oid_to_hex(&ce->oid), 0);
+			} else
+				return submodule_move_head(ce->name,
+					"HEAD", oid_to_hex(&ce->oid),
+					state->force ? SUBMODULE_MOVE_HEAD_FORCE : 0);
+		}
+
 		if (!changed)
 			return 0;
 		if (!state->force) {
@@ -284,8 +470,7 @@ int checkout_entry(struct cache_entry *ce,
 				return error("%s is a directory", path.buf);
 			remove_subtree(&path);
 		} else if (unlink(path.buf))
-			return error("unable to unlink old '%s' (%s)",
-				     path.buf, strerror(errno));
+			return error_errno("unable to unlink old '%s'", path.buf);
 	} else if (state->not_new)
 		return 0;
 
diff --git a/environment.c b/environment.c
index 1ade5c9684..3f3c8746c2 100644
--- a/environment.c
+++ b/environment.c
@@ -8,46 +8,55 @@
  * are.
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "branch.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "fmt-merge-msg.h"
 #include "commit.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "chdir-notify.h"
 
 int trust_executable_bit = 1;
 int trust_ctime = 1;
 int check_stat = 1;
 int has_symlinks = 1;
-int minimum_abbrev = 4, default_abbrev = 7;
+int minimum_abbrev = 4, default_abbrev = -1;
 int ignore_case;
 int assume_unchanged;
 int prefer_symlink_refs;
 int is_bare_repository_cfg = -1; /* unspecified */
-int log_all_ref_updates = -1; /* unspecified */
 int warn_ambiguous_refs = 1;
 int warn_on_object_refname_ambiguity = 1;
-int repository_format_version;
+int ref_paranoia = -1;
+int repository_format_precious_objects;
+char *repository_format_partial_clone;
+const char *core_partial_clone_filter_default;
 const char *git_commit_encoding;
 const char *git_log_output_encoding;
-int shared_repository = PERM_UMASK;
 const char *apply_default_whitespace;
 const char *apply_default_ignorewhitespace;
 const char *git_attributes_file;
+const char *git_hooks_path;
 int zlib_compression_level = Z_BEST_SPEED;
 int core_compression_level;
-int core_compression_seen;
+int pack_compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
 int fsync_object_files;
 size_t packed_git_window_size = DEFAULT_PACKED_GIT_WINDOW_SIZE;
 size_t packed_git_limit = DEFAULT_PACKED_GIT_LIMIT;
 size_t delta_base_cache_limit = 96 * 1024 * 1024;
 unsigned long big_file_threshold = 512 * 1024 * 1024;
-const char *pager_program;
 int pager_use_color = 1;
 const char *editor_program;
 const char *askpass_program;
 const char *excludes_file;
 enum auto_crlf auto_crlf = AUTO_CRLF_FALSE;
-int check_replace_refs = 1;
+int read_replace_refs = 1;
+char *git_replace_ref_base;
 enum eol core_eol = EOL_UNSET;
-enum safe_crlf safe_crlf = SAFE_CRLF_WARN;
+int global_conv_flags_eol = CONV_EOL_RNDTRP_WARN;
+char *check_roundtrip_encoding = "SHIFT-JIS";
 unsigned whitespace_rule_cfg = WS_DEFAULT_RULE;
 enum branch_track git_branch_track = BRANCH_TRACK_REMOTE;
 enum rebase_setup_type autorebase = AUTOREBASE_NEVER;
@@ -61,8 +70,9 @@ int grafts_replace_parents = 1;
 int core_apply_sparse_checkout;
 int merge_log_config = -1;
 int precomposed_unicode = -1; /* see probe_utf8_pathname_composition() */
-struct startup_info *startup_info;
 unsigned long pack_size_limit_cfg;
+enum hide_dotfiles_type hide_dotfiles = HIDE_DOTFILES_DOTGITONLY;
+enum log_refs_config log_all_ref_updates = LOG_REFS_UNSET;
 
 #ifndef PROTECT_HFS_DEFAULT
 #define PROTECT_HFS_DEFAULT 0
@@ -73,6 +83,7 @@ int protect_hfs = PROTECT_HFS_DEFAULT;
 #define PROTECT_NTFS_DEFAULT 0
 #endif
 int protect_ntfs = PROTECT_NTFS_DEFAULT;
+const char *core_fsmonitor;
 
 /*
  * The character that begins a commented line in user-editable file
@@ -84,15 +95,19 @@ int auto_comment_line_char;
 /* Parallel index stat data preload? */
 int core_preload_index = 1;
 
+/*
+ * This is a hack for test programs like test-dump-untracked-cache to
+ * ensure that they do not modify the untracked cache when reading it.
+ * Do not use it otherwise!
+ */
+int ignore_untracked_cache_config;
+
 /* This is set by setup_git_dir_gently() and/or git_default_config() */
 char *git_work_tree_cfg;
-static char *work_tree;
 
-static const char *namespace;
-static size_t namespace_len;
+static char *git_namespace;
 
-static const char *git_dir;
-static char *git_object_dir, *git_index_file, *git_graft_file;
+static const char *super_prefix;
 
 /*
  * Repository-local GIT_* environment variables; see cache.h for details.
@@ -108,8 +123,11 @@ const char * const local_repo_env[] = {
 	GRAFT_ENVIRONMENT,
 	INDEX_ENVIRONMENT,
 	NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS_ENVIRONMENT,
+	GIT_REPLACE_REF_BASE_ENVIRONMENT,
 	GIT_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT,
+	GIT_SUPER_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT,
 	GIT_SHALLOW_FILE_ENVIRONMENT,
+	GIT_COMMON_DIR_ENVIRONMENT,
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -129,37 +147,52 @@ static char *expand_namespace(const char *raw_namespace)
 			strbuf_addf(&buf, "refs/namespaces/%s", (*c)->buf);
 	strbuf_list_free(components);
 	if (check_refname_format(buf.buf, 0))
-		die("bad git namespace path \"%s\"", raw_namespace);
+		die(_("bad git namespace path \"%s\""), raw_namespace);
 	strbuf_addch(&buf, '/');
 	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 }
 
-static char *git_path_from_env(const char *envvar, const char *path)
+/*
+ * Wrapper of getenv() that returns a strdup value. This value is kept
+ * in argv to be freed later.
+ */
+static const char *getenv_safe(struct argv_array *argv, const char *name)
 {
-	const char *value = getenv(envvar);
-	return value ? xstrdup(value) : git_pathdup("%s", path);
+	const char *value = getenv(name);
+
+	if (!value)
+		return NULL;
+
+	argv_array_push(argv, value);
+	return argv->argv[argv->argc - 1];
 }
 
-static void setup_git_env(void)
+void setup_git_env(const char *git_dir)
 {
-	const char *gitfile;
 	const char *shallow_file;
+	const char *replace_ref_base;
+	struct set_gitdir_args args = { NULL };
+	struct argv_array to_free = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+
+	args.commondir = getenv_safe(&to_free, GIT_COMMON_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+	args.object_dir = getenv_safe(&to_free, DB_ENVIRONMENT);
+	args.graft_file = getenv_safe(&to_free, GRAFT_ENVIRONMENT);
+	args.index_file = getenv_safe(&to_free, INDEX_ENVIRONMENT);
+	args.alternate_db = getenv_safe(&to_free, ALTERNATE_DB_ENVIRONMENT);
+	repo_set_gitdir(the_repository, git_dir, &args);
+	argv_array_clear(&to_free);
 
-	git_dir = getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
-	if (!git_dir)
-		git_dir = DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT;
-	gitfile = read_gitfile(git_dir);
-	git_dir = xstrdup(gitfile ? gitfile : git_dir);
-	git_object_dir = git_path_from_env(DB_ENVIRONMENT, "objects");
-	git_index_file = git_path_from_env(INDEX_ENVIRONMENT, "index");
-	git_graft_file = git_path_from_env(GRAFT_ENVIRONMENT, "info/grafts");
 	if (getenv(NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS_ENVIRONMENT))
-		check_replace_refs = 0;
-	namespace = expand_namespace(getenv(GIT_NAMESPACE_ENVIRONMENT));
-	namespace_len = strlen(namespace);
+		read_replace_refs = 0;
+	replace_ref_base = getenv(GIT_REPLACE_REF_BASE_ENVIRONMENT);
+	free(git_replace_ref_base);
+	git_replace_ref_base = xstrdup(replace_ref_base ? replace_ref_base
+							  : "refs/replace/");
+	free(git_namespace);
+	git_namespace = expand_namespace(getenv(GIT_NAMESPACE_ENVIRONMENT));
 	shallow_file = getenv(GIT_SHALLOW_FILE_ENVIRONMENT);
 	if (shallow_file)
-		set_alternate_shallow_file(shallow_file, 0);
+		set_alternate_shallow_file(the_repository, shallow_file, 0);
 }
 
 int is_bare_repository(void)
@@ -168,25 +201,49 @@ int is_bare_repository(void)
 	return is_bare_repository_cfg && !get_git_work_tree();
 }
 
+int have_git_dir(void)
+{
+	return startup_info->have_repository
+		|| the_repository->gitdir;
+}
+
 const char *get_git_dir(void)
 {
-	if (!git_dir)
-		setup_git_env();
-	return git_dir;
+	if (!the_repository->gitdir)
+		BUG("git environment hasn't been setup");
+	return the_repository->gitdir;
+}
+
+const char *get_git_common_dir(void)
+{
+	if (!the_repository->commondir)
+		BUG("git environment hasn't been setup");
+	return the_repository->commondir;
 }
 
 const char *get_git_namespace(void)
 {
-	if (!namespace)
-		setup_git_env();
-	return namespace;
+	if (!git_namespace)
+		BUG("git environment hasn't been setup");
+	return git_namespace;
 }
 
 const char *strip_namespace(const char *namespaced_ref)
 {
-	if (!starts_with(namespaced_ref, get_git_namespace()))
-		return NULL;
-	return namespaced_ref + namespace_len;
+	const char *out;
+	if (skip_prefix(namespaced_ref, get_git_namespace(), &out))
+		return out;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+const char *get_super_prefix(void)
+{
+	static int initialized;
+	if (!initialized) {
+		super_prefix = getenv(GIT_SUPER_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT);
+		initialized = 1;
+	}
+	return super_prefix;
 }
 
 static int git_work_tree_initialized;
@@ -200,29 +257,29 @@ void set_git_work_tree(const char *new_work_tree)
 {
 	if (git_work_tree_initialized) {
 		new_work_tree = real_path(new_work_tree);
-		if (strcmp(new_work_tree, work_tree))
+		if (strcmp(new_work_tree, the_repository->worktree))
 			die("internal error: work tree has already been set\n"
 			    "Current worktree: %s\nNew worktree: %s",
-			    work_tree, new_work_tree);
+			    the_repository->worktree, new_work_tree);
 		return;
 	}
 	git_work_tree_initialized = 1;
-	work_tree = xstrdup(real_path(new_work_tree));
+	repo_set_worktree(the_repository, new_work_tree);
 }
 
 const char *get_git_work_tree(void)
 {
-	return work_tree;
+	return the_repository->worktree;
 }
 
 char *get_object_directory(void)
 {
-	if (!git_object_dir)
-		setup_git_env();
-	return git_object_dir;
+	if (!the_repository->objects->objectdir)
+		BUG("git environment hasn't been setup");
+	return the_repository->objects->objectdir;
 }
 
-int odb_mkstemp(char *template, size_t limit, const char *pattern)
+int odb_mkstemp(struct strbuf *temp_filename, const char *pattern)
 {
 	int fd;
 	/*
@@ -230,55 +287,70 @@ int odb_mkstemp(char *template, size_t limit, const char *pattern)
 	 * restrictive except to remove write permission.
 	 */
 	int mode = 0444;
-	snprintf(template, limit, "%s/%s",
-		 get_object_directory(), pattern);
-	fd = git_mkstemp_mode(template, mode);
+	git_path_buf(temp_filename, "objects/%s", pattern);
+	fd = git_mkstemp_mode(temp_filename->buf, mode);
 	if (0 <= fd)
 		return fd;
 
 	/* slow path */
-	/* some mkstemp implementations erase template on failure */
-	snprintf(template, limit, "%s/%s",
-		 get_object_directory(), pattern);
-	safe_create_leading_directories(template);
-	return xmkstemp_mode(template, mode);
+	/* some mkstemp implementations erase temp_filename on failure */
+	git_path_buf(temp_filename, "objects/%s", pattern);
+	safe_create_leading_directories(temp_filename->buf);
+	return xmkstemp_mode(temp_filename->buf, mode);
 }
 
-int odb_pack_keep(char *name, size_t namesz, const unsigned char *sha1)
+int odb_pack_keep(const char *name)
 {
 	int fd;
 
-	snprintf(name, namesz, "%s/pack/pack-%s.keep",
-		 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
 	if (0 <= fd)
 		return fd;
 
 	/* slow path */
-	safe_create_leading_directories(name);
+	safe_create_leading_directories_const(name);
 	return open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
 }
 
 char *get_index_file(void)
 {
-	if (!git_index_file)
-		setup_git_env();
-	return git_index_file;
+	if (!the_repository->index_file)
+		BUG("git environment hasn't been setup");
+	return the_repository->index_file;
 }
 
-char *get_graft_file(void)
+char *get_graft_file(struct repository *r)
 {
-	if (!git_graft_file)
-		setup_git_env();
-	return git_graft_file;
+	if (!r->graft_file)
+		BUG("git environment hasn't been setup");
+	return r->graft_file;
 }
 
-int set_git_dir(const char *path)
+static void set_git_dir_1(const char *path)
 {
 	if (setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, path, 1))
-		return error("Could not set GIT_DIR to '%s'", path);
-	setup_git_env();
-	return 0;
+		die(_("could not set GIT_DIR to '%s'"), path);
+	setup_git_env(path);
+}
+
+static void update_relative_gitdir(const char *name,
+				   const char *old_cwd,
+				   const char *new_cwd,
+				   void *data)
+{
+	char *path = reparent_relative_path(old_cwd, new_cwd, get_git_dir());
+	trace_printf_key(&trace_setup_key,
+			 "setup: move $GIT_DIR to '%s'",
+			 path);
+	set_git_dir_1(path);
+	free(path);
+}
+
+void set_git_dir(const char *path)
+{
+	set_git_dir_1(path);
+	if (!is_absolute_path(path))
+		chdir_notify_register(NULL, update_relative_gitdir, NULL);
 }
 
 const char *get_log_output_encoding(void)
@@ -291,3 +363,49 @@ const char *get_commit_output_encoding(void)
 {
 	return git_commit_encoding ? git_commit_encoding : "UTF-8";
 }
+
+static int the_shared_repository = PERM_UMASK;
+static int need_shared_repository_from_config = 1;
+
+void set_shared_repository(int value)
+{
+	the_shared_repository = value;
+	need_shared_repository_from_config = 0;
+}
+
+int get_shared_repository(void)
+{
+	if (need_shared_repository_from_config) {
+		const char *var = "core.sharedrepository";
+		const char *value;
+		if (!git_config_get_value(var, &value))
+			the_shared_repository = git_config_perm(var, value);
+		need_shared_repository_from_config = 0;
+	}
+	return the_shared_repository;
+}
+
+void reset_shared_repository(void)
+{
+	need_shared_repository_from_config = 1;
+}
+
+int use_optional_locks(void)
+{
+	return git_env_bool(GIT_OPTIONAL_LOCKS_ENVIRONMENT, 1);
+}
+
+int print_sha1_ellipsis(void)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Determine if the calling environment contains the variable
+	 * GIT_PRINT_SHA1_ELLIPSIS set to "yes".
+	 */
+	static int cached_result = -1; /* unknown */
+
+	if (cached_result < 0) {
+		const char *v = getenv("GIT_PRINT_SHA1_ELLIPSIS");
+		cached_result = (v && !strcasecmp(v, "yes"));
+	}
+	return cached_result;
+}
diff --git a/ewah/bitmap.c b/ewah/bitmap.c
index 710e58c1bf..52f1178db4 100644
--- a/ewah/bitmap.c
+++ b/ewah/bitmap.c
@@ -14,53 +14,42 @@
  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  *
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.
+ * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
-#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "cache.h"
 #include "ewok.h"
 
-#define MASK(x) ((eword_t)1 << (x % BITS_IN_WORD))
-#define BLOCK(x) (x / BITS_IN_WORD)
+#define EWAH_MASK(x) ((eword_t)1 << (x % BITS_IN_EWORD))
+#define EWAH_BLOCK(x) (x / BITS_IN_EWORD)
 
 struct bitmap *bitmap_new(void)
 {
-	struct bitmap *bitmap = ewah_malloc(sizeof(struct bitmap));
-	bitmap->words = ewah_calloc(32, sizeof(eword_t));
+	struct bitmap *bitmap = xmalloc(sizeof(struct bitmap));
+	bitmap->words = xcalloc(32, sizeof(eword_t));
 	bitmap->word_alloc = 32;
 	return bitmap;
 }
 
 void bitmap_set(struct bitmap *self, size_t pos)
 {
-	size_t block = BLOCK(pos);
+	size_t block = EWAH_BLOCK(pos);
 
 	if (block >= self->word_alloc) {
 		size_t old_size = self->word_alloc;
 		self->word_alloc = block * 2;
-		self->words = ewah_realloc(self->words,
-			self->word_alloc * sizeof(eword_t));
-
+		REALLOC_ARRAY(self->words, self->word_alloc);
 		memset(self->words + old_size, 0x0,
 			(self->word_alloc - old_size) * sizeof(eword_t));
 	}
 
-	self->words[block] |= MASK(pos);
-}
-
-void bitmap_clear(struct bitmap *self, size_t pos)
-{
-	size_t block = BLOCK(pos);
-
-	if (block < self->word_alloc)
-		self->words[block] &= ~MASK(pos);
+	self->words[block] |= EWAH_MASK(pos);
 }
 
 int bitmap_get(struct bitmap *self, size_t pos)
 {
-	size_t block = BLOCK(pos);
+	size_t block = EWAH_BLOCK(pos);
 	return block < self->word_alloc &&
-		(self->words[block] & MASK(pos)) != 0;
+		(self->words[block] & EWAH_MASK(pos)) != 0;
 }
 
 struct ewah_bitmap *bitmap_to_ewah(struct bitmap *bitmap)
@@ -100,12 +89,7 @@ struct bitmap *ewah_to_bitmap(struct ewah_bitmap *ewah)
 	ewah_iterator_init(&it, ewah);
 
 	while (ewah_iterator_next(&blowup, &it)) {
-		if (i >= bitmap->word_alloc) {
-			bitmap->word_alloc *= 1.5;
-			bitmap->words = ewah_realloc(
-				bitmap->words, bitmap->word_alloc * sizeof(eword_t));
-		}
-
+		ALLOC_GROW(bitmap->words, i + 1, bitmap->word_alloc);
 		bitmap->words[i++] = blowup;
 	}
 
@@ -127,15 +111,14 @@ void bitmap_and_not(struct bitmap *self, struct bitmap *other)
 void bitmap_or_ewah(struct bitmap *self, struct ewah_bitmap *other)
 {
 	size_t original_size = self->word_alloc;
-	size_t other_final = (other->bit_size / BITS_IN_WORD) + 1;
+	size_t other_final = (other->bit_size / BITS_IN_EWORD) + 1;
 	size_t i = 0;
 	struct ewah_iterator it;
 	eword_t word;
 
 	if (self->word_alloc < other_final) {
 		self->word_alloc = other_final;
-		self->words = ewah_realloc(self->words,
-			self->word_alloc * sizeof(eword_t));
+		REALLOC_ARRAY(self->words, self->word_alloc);
 		memset(self->words + original_size, 0x0,
 			(self->word_alloc - original_size) * sizeof(eword_t));
 	}
@@ -146,30 +129,6 @@ void bitmap_or_ewah(struct bitmap *self, struct ewah_bitmap *other)
 		self->words[i++] |= word;
 }
 
-void bitmap_each_bit(struct bitmap *self, ewah_callback callback, void *data)
-{
-	size_t pos = 0, i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < self->word_alloc; ++i) {
-		eword_t word = self->words[i];
-		uint32_t offset;
-
-		if (word == (eword_t)~0) {
-			for (offset = 0; offset < BITS_IN_WORD; ++offset)
-				callback(pos++, data);
-		} else {
-			for (offset = 0; offset < BITS_IN_WORD; ++offset) {
-				if ((word >> offset) == 0)
-					break;
-
-				offset += ewah_bit_ctz64(word >> offset);
-				callback(pos + offset, data);
-			}
-			pos += BITS_IN_WORD;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 size_t bitmap_popcount(struct bitmap *self)
 {
 	size_t i, count = 0;
diff --git a/ewah/ewah_bitmap.c b/ewah/ewah_bitmap.c
index fccb42b52c..d59b1afe3d 100644
--- a/ewah/ewah_bitmap.c
+++ b/ewah/ewah_bitmap.c
@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@
  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  *
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.
+ * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "ewok.h"
@@ -39,8 +38,7 @@ static inline void buffer_grow(struct ewah_bitmap *self, size_t new_size)
 		return;
 
 	self->alloc_size = new_size;
-	self->buffer = ewah_realloc(self->buffer,
-		self->alloc_size * sizeof(eword_t));
+	REALLOC_ARRAY(self->buffer, self->alloc_size);
 	self->rlw = self->buffer + (rlw_offset / sizeof(eword_t));
 }
 
@@ -102,7 +100,7 @@ size_t ewah_add_empty_words(struct ewah_bitmap *self, int v, size_t number)
 	if (number == 0)
 		return 0;
 
-	self->bit_size += number * BITS_IN_WORD;
+	self->bit_size += number * BITS_IN_EWORD;
 	return add_empty_words(self, v, number);
 }
 
@@ -152,7 +150,7 @@ void ewah_add_dirty_words(
 			self->buffer_size += can_add;
 		}
 
-		self->bit_size += can_add * BITS_IN_WORD;
+		self->bit_size += can_add * BITS_IN_EWORD;
 
 		if (number - can_add == 0)
 			break;
@@ -197,7 +195,7 @@ static size_t add_empty_word(struct ewah_bitmap *self, int v)
 
 size_t ewah_add(struct ewah_bitmap *self, eword_t word)
 {
-	self->bit_size += BITS_IN_WORD;
+	self->bit_size += BITS_IN_EWORD;
 
 	if (word == 0)
 		return add_empty_word(self, 0);
@@ -211,8 +209,8 @@ size_t ewah_add(struct ewah_bitmap *self, eword_t word)
 void ewah_set(struct ewah_bitmap *self, size_t i)
 {
 	const size_t dist =
-		(i + BITS_IN_WORD) / BITS_IN_WORD -
-		(self->bit_size + BITS_IN_WORD - 1) / BITS_IN_WORD;
+		DIV_ROUND_UP(i + 1, BITS_IN_EWORD) -
+		DIV_ROUND_UP(self->bit_size, BITS_IN_EWORD);
 
 	assert(i >= self->bit_size);
 
@@ -222,19 +220,19 @@ void ewah_set(struct ewah_bitmap *self, size_t i)
 		if (dist > 1)
 			add_empty_words(self, 0, dist - 1);
 
-		add_literal(self, (eword_t)1 << (i % BITS_IN_WORD));
+		add_literal(self, (eword_t)1 << (i % BITS_IN_EWORD));
 		return;
 	}
 
 	if (rlw_get_literal_words(self->rlw) == 0) {
 		rlw_set_running_len(self->rlw,
 			rlw_get_running_len(self->rlw) - 1);
-		add_literal(self, (eword_t)1 << (i % BITS_IN_WORD));
+		add_literal(self, (eword_t)1 << (i % BITS_IN_EWORD));
 		return;
 	}
 
 	self->buffer[self->buffer_size - 1] |=
-		((eword_t)1 << (i % BITS_IN_WORD));
+		((eword_t)1 << (i % BITS_IN_EWORD));
 
 	/* check if we just completed a stream of 1s */
 	if (self->buffer[self->buffer_size - 1] == (eword_t)(~0)) {
@@ -255,11 +253,11 @@ void ewah_each_bit(struct ewah_bitmap *self, void (*callback)(size_t, void*), vo
 		eword_t *word = &self->buffer[pointer];
 
 		if (rlw_get_run_bit(word)) {
-			size_t len = rlw_get_running_len(word) * BITS_IN_WORD;
+			size_t len = rlw_get_running_len(word) * BITS_IN_EWORD;
 			for (k = 0; k < len; ++k, ++pos)
 				callback(pos, payload);
 		} else {
-			pos += rlw_get_running_len(word) * BITS_IN_WORD;
+			pos += rlw_get_running_len(word) * BITS_IN_EWORD;
 		}
 
 		++pointer;
@@ -268,7 +266,7 @@ void ewah_each_bit(struct ewah_bitmap *self, void (*callback)(size_t, void*), vo
 			int c;
 
 			/* todo: zero count optimization */
-			for (c = 0; c < BITS_IN_WORD; ++c, ++pos) {
+			for (c = 0; c < BITS_IN_EWORD; ++c, ++pos) {
 				if ((self->buffer[pointer] & ((eword_t)1 << c)) != 0)
 					callback(pos, payload);
 			}
@@ -278,29 +276,30 @@ void ewah_each_bit(struct ewah_bitmap *self, void (*callback)(size_t, void*), vo
 	}
 }
 
+/**
+ * Clear all the bits in the bitmap. Does not free or resize
+ * memory.
+ */
+static void ewah_clear(struct ewah_bitmap *self)
+{
+	self->buffer_size = 1;
+	self->buffer[0] = 0;
+	self->bit_size = 0;
+	self->rlw = self->buffer;
+}
+
 struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_new(void)
 {
 	struct ewah_bitmap *self;
 
-	self = ewah_malloc(sizeof(struct ewah_bitmap));
-	if (self == NULL)
-		return NULL;
-
-	self->buffer = ewah_malloc(32 * sizeof(eword_t));
+	self = xmalloc(sizeof(struct ewah_bitmap));
 	self->alloc_size = 32;
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(self->buffer, self->alloc_size);
 
 	ewah_clear(self);
 	return self;
 }
 
-void ewah_clear(struct ewah_bitmap *self)
-{
-	self->buffer_size = 1;
-	self->buffer[0] = 0;
-	self->bit_size = 0;
-	self->rlw = self->buffer;
-}
-
 void ewah_free(struct ewah_bitmap *self)
 {
 	if (!self)
@@ -381,25 +380,6 @@ void ewah_iterator_init(struct ewah_iterator *it, struct ewah_bitmap *parent)
 		read_new_rlw(it);
 }
 
-void ewah_not(struct ewah_bitmap *self)
-{
-	size_t pointer = 0;
-
-	while (pointer < self->buffer_size) {
-		eword_t *word = &self->buffer[pointer];
-		size_t literals, k;
-
-		rlw_xor_run_bit(word);
-		++pointer;
-
-		literals = rlw_get_literal_words(word);
-		for (k = 0; k < literals; ++k) {
-			self->buffer[pointer] = ~self->buffer[pointer];
-			++pointer;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 void ewah_xor(
 	struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_i,
 	struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_j,
@@ -464,216 +444,6 @@ void ewah_xor(
 	out->bit_size = max_size(ewah_i->bit_size, ewah_j->bit_size);
 }
 
-void ewah_and(
-	struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_i,
-	struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_j,
-	struct ewah_bitmap *out)
-{
-	struct rlw_iterator rlw_i;
-	struct rlw_iterator rlw_j;
-	size_t literals;
-
-	rlwit_init(&rlw_i, ewah_i);
-	rlwit_init(&rlw_j, ewah_j);
-
-	while (rlwit_word_size(&rlw_i) > 0 && rlwit_word_size(&rlw_j) > 0) {
-		while (rlw_i.rlw.running_len > 0 || rlw_j.rlw.running_len > 0) {
-			struct rlw_iterator *prey, *predator;
-
-			if (rlw_i.rlw.running_len < rlw_j.rlw.running_len) {
-				prey = &rlw_i;
-				predator = &rlw_j;
-			} else {
-				prey = &rlw_j;
-				predator = &rlw_i;
-			}
-
-			if (predator->rlw.running_bit == 0) {
-				ewah_add_empty_words(out, 0,
-					predator->rlw.running_len);
-				rlwit_discard_first_words(prey,
-					predator->rlw.running_len);
-				rlwit_discard_first_words(predator,
-					predator->rlw.running_len);
-			} else {
-				size_t index = rlwit_discharge(prey, out,
-					predator->rlw.running_len, 0);
-				ewah_add_empty_words(out, 0,
-					predator->rlw.running_len - index);
-				rlwit_discard_first_words(predator,
-					predator->rlw.running_len);
-			}
-		}
-
-		literals = min_size(
-			rlw_i.rlw.literal_words,
-			rlw_j.rlw.literal_words);
-
-		if (literals) {
-			size_t k;
-
-			for (k = 0; k < literals; ++k) {
-				ewah_add(out,
-					rlw_i.buffer[rlw_i.literal_word_start + k] &
-					rlw_j.buffer[rlw_j.literal_word_start + k]
-				);
-			}
-
-			rlwit_discard_first_words(&rlw_i, literals);
-			rlwit_discard_first_words(&rlw_j, literals);
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (rlwit_word_size(&rlw_i) > 0)
-		rlwit_discharge_empty(&rlw_i, out);
-	else
-		rlwit_discharge_empty(&rlw_j, out);
-
-	out->bit_size = max_size(ewah_i->bit_size, ewah_j->bit_size);
-}
-
-void ewah_and_not(
-	struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_i,
-	struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_j,
-	struct ewah_bitmap *out)
-{
-	struct rlw_iterator rlw_i;
-	struct rlw_iterator rlw_j;
-	size_t literals;
-
-	rlwit_init(&rlw_i, ewah_i);
-	rlwit_init(&rlw_j, ewah_j);
-
-	while (rlwit_word_size(&rlw_i) > 0 && rlwit_word_size(&rlw_j) > 0) {
-		while (rlw_i.rlw.running_len > 0 || rlw_j.rlw.running_len > 0) {
-			struct rlw_iterator *prey, *predator;
-
-			if (rlw_i.rlw.running_len < rlw_j.rlw.running_len) {
-				prey = &rlw_i;
-				predator = &rlw_j;
-			} else {
-				prey = &rlw_j;
-				predator = &rlw_i;
-			}
-
-			if ((predator->rlw.running_bit && prey == &rlw_i) ||
-				(!predator->rlw.running_bit && prey != &rlw_i)) {
-				ewah_add_empty_words(out, 0,
-					predator->rlw.running_len);
-				rlwit_discard_first_words(prey,
-					predator->rlw.running_len);
-				rlwit_discard_first_words(predator,
-					predator->rlw.running_len);
-			} else {
-				size_t index;
-				int negate_words;
-
-				negate_words = (&rlw_i != prey);
-				index = rlwit_discharge(prey, out,
-					predator->rlw.running_len, negate_words);
-				ewah_add_empty_words(out, negate_words,
-					predator->rlw.running_len - index);
-				rlwit_discard_first_words(predator,
-					predator->rlw.running_len);
-			}
-		}
-
-		literals = min_size(
-			rlw_i.rlw.literal_words,
-			rlw_j.rlw.literal_words);
-
-		if (literals) {
-			size_t k;
-
-			for (k = 0; k < literals; ++k) {
-				ewah_add(out,
-					rlw_i.buffer[rlw_i.literal_word_start + k] &
-					~(rlw_j.buffer[rlw_j.literal_word_start + k])
-				);
-			}
-
-			rlwit_discard_first_words(&rlw_i, literals);
-			rlwit_discard_first_words(&rlw_j, literals);
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (rlwit_word_size(&rlw_i) > 0)
-		rlwit_discharge(&rlw_i, out, ~0, 0);
-	else
-		rlwit_discharge_empty(&rlw_j, out);
-
-	out->bit_size = max_size(ewah_i->bit_size, ewah_j->bit_size);
-}
-
-void ewah_or(
-	struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_i,
-	struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_j,
-	struct ewah_bitmap *out)
-{
-	struct rlw_iterator rlw_i;
-	struct rlw_iterator rlw_j;
-	size_t literals;
-
-	rlwit_init(&rlw_i, ewah_i);
-	rlwit_init(&rlw_j, ewah_j);
-
-	while (rlwit_word_size(&rlw_i) > 0 && rlwit_word_size(&rlw_j) > 0) {
-		while (rlw_i.rlw.running_len > 0 || rlw_j.rlw.running_len > 0) {
-			struct rlw_iterator *prey, *predator;
-
-			if (rlw_i.rlw.running_len < rlw_j.rlw.running_len) {
-				prey = &rlw_i;
-				predator = &rlw_j;
-			} else {
-				prey = &rlw_j;
-				predator = &rlw_i;
-			}
-
-			if (predator->rlw.running_bit) {
-				ewah_add_empty_words(out, 0,
-					predator->rlw.running_len);
-				rlwit_discard_first_words(prey,
-					predator->rlw.running_len);
-				rlwit_discard_first_words(predator,
-					predator->rlw.running_len);
-			} else {
-				size_t index = rlwit_discharge(prey, out,
-					predator->rlw.running_len, 0);
-				ewah_add_empty_words(out, 0,
-					predator->rlw.running_len - index);
-				rlwit_discard_first_words(predator,
-					predator->rlw.running_len);
-			}
-		}
-
-		literals = min_size(
-			rlw_i.rlw.literal_words,
-			rlw_j.rlw.literal_words);
-
-		if (literals) {
-			size_t k;
-
-			for (k = 0; k < literals; ++k) {
-				ewah_add(out,
-					rlw_i.buffer[rlw_i.literal_word_start + k] |
-					rlw_j.buffer[rlw_j.literal_word_start + k]
-				);
-			}
-
-			rlwit_discard_first_words(&rlw_i, literals);
-			rlwit_discard_first_words(&rlw_j, literals);
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (rlwit_word_size(&rlw_i) > 0)
-		rlwit_discharge(&rlw_i, out, ~0, 0);
-	else
-		rlwit_discharge(&rlw_j, out, ~0, 0);
-
-	out->bit_size = max_size(ewah_i->bit_size, ewah_j->bit_size);
-}
-
-
 #define BITMAP_POOL_MAX 16
 static struct ewah_bitmap *bitmap_pool[BITMAP_POOL_MAX];
 static size_t bitmap_pool_size;
diff --git a/ewah/ewah_io.c b/ewah/ewah_io.c
index 1c2d7afd4c..9035ee65ea 100644
--- a/ewah/ewah_io.c
+++ b/ewah/ewah_io.c
@@ -14,37 +14,11 @@
  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  *
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.
+ * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "ewok.h"
-
-int ewah_serialize_native(struct ewah_bitmap *self, int fd)
-{
-	uint32_t write32;
-	size_t to_write = self->buffer_size * 8;
-
-	/* 32 bit -- bit size for the map */
-	write32 = (uint32_t)self->bit_size;
-	if (write(fd, &write32, 4) != 4)
-		return -1;
-
-	/** 32 bit -- number of compressed 64-bit words */
-	write32 = (uint32_t)self->buffer_size;
-	if (write(fd, &write32, 4) != 4)
-		return -1;
-
-	if (write(fd, self->buffer, to_write) != to_write)
-		return -1;
-
-	/** 32 bit -- position for the RLW */
-	write32 = self->rlw - self->buffer;
-	if (write(fd, &write32, 4) != 4)
-		return -1;
-
-	return (3 * 4) + to_write;
-}
+#include "strbuf.h"
 
 int ewah_serialize_to(struct ewah_bitmap *self,
 		      int (*write_fun)(void *, const void *, size_t),
@@ -100,32 +74,37 @@ int ewah_serialize_to(struct ewah_bitmap *self,
 	return (3 * 4) + (self->buffer_size * 8);
 }
 
-static int write_helper(void *fd, const void *buf, size_t len)
+static int write_strbuf(void *user_data, const void *data, size_t len)
 {
-	return write((intptr_t)fd, buf, len);
+	struct strbuf *sb = user_data;
+	strbuf_add(sb, data, len);
+	return len;
 }
 
-int ewah_serialize(struct ewah_bitmap *self, int fd)
+int ewah_serialize_strbuf(struct ewah_bitmap *self, struct strbuf *sb)
 {
-	return ewah_serialize_to(self, write_helper, (void *)(intptr_t)fd);
+	return ewah_serialize_to(self, write_strbuf, sb);
 }
 
-int ewah_read_mmap(struct ewah_bitmap *self, const void *map, size_t len)
+ssize_t ewah_read_mmap(struct ewah_bitmap *self, const void *map, size_t len)
 {
 	const uint8_t *ptr = map;
+	size_t data_len;
 	size_t i;
 
+	if (len < sizeof(uint32_t))
+		return error("corrupt ewah bitmap: eof before bit size");
 	self->bit_size = get_be32(ptr);
 	ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+	len -= sizeof(uint32_t);
 
+	if (len < sizeof(uint32_t))
+		return error("corrupt ewah bitmap: eof before length");
 	self->buffer_size = self->alloc_size = get_be32(ptr);
 	ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+	len -= sizeof(uint32_t);
 
-	self->buffer = ewah_realloc(self->buffer,
-		self->alloc_size * sizeof(eword_t));
-
-	if (!self->buffer)
-		return -1;
+	REALLOC_ARRAY(self->buffer, self->alloc_size);
 
 	/*
 	 * Copy the raw data for the bitmap as a whole chunk;
@@ -133,72 +112,23 @@ int ewah_read_mmap(struct ewah_bitmap *self, const void *map, size_t len)
 	 * the endianness conversion in a separate pass to ensure
 	 * we're loading 8-byte aligned words.
 	 */
-	memcpy(self->buffer, ptr, self->buffer_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
-	ptr += self->buffer_size * sizeof(uint64_t);
+	data_len = st_mult(self->buffer_size, sizeof(eword_t));
+	if (len < data_len)
+		return error("corrupt ewah bitmap: eof in data "
+			     "(%"PRIuMAX" bytes short)",
+			     (uintmax_t)(data_len - len));
+	memcpy(self->buffer, ptr, data_len);
+	ptr += data_len;
+	len -= data_len;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < self->buffer_size; ++i)
 		self->buffer[i] = ntohll(self->buffer[i]);
 
+	if (len < sizeof(uint32_t))
+		return error("corrupt ewah bitmap: eof before rlw");
 	self->rlw = self->buffer + get_be32(ptr);
+	ptr += sizeof(uint32_t);
+	len -= sizeof(uint32_t);
 
-	return (3 * 4) + (self->buffer_size * 8);
-}
-
-int ewah_deserialize(struct ewah_bitmap *self, int fd)
-{
-	size_t i;
-	eword_t dump[2048];
-	const size_t words_per_dump = sizeof(dump) / sizeof(eword_t);
-	uint32_t bitsize, word_count, rlw_pos;
-
-	eword_t *buffer = NULL;
-	size_t words_left;
-
-	ewah_clear(self);
-
-	/* 32 bit -- bit size for the map */
-	if (read(fd, &bitsize, 4) != 4)
-		return -1;
-
-	self->bit_size = (size_t)ntohl(bitsize);
-
-	/** 32 bit -- number of compressed 64-bit words */
-	if (read(fd, &word_count, 4) != 4)
-		return -1;
-
-	self->buffer_size = self->alloc_size = (size_t)ntohl(word_count);
-	self->buffer = ewah_realloc(self->buffer,
-		self->alloc_size * sizeof(eword_t));
-
-	if (!self->buffer)
-		return -1;
-
-	/** 64 bit x N -- compressed words */
-	buffer = self->buffer;
-	words_left = self->buffer_size;
-
-	while (words_left >= words_per_dump) {
-		if (read(fd, dump, sizeof(dump)) != sizeof(dump))
-			return -1;
-
-		for (i = 0; i < words_per_dump; ++i, ++buffer)
-			*buffer = ntohll(dump[i]);
-
-		words_left -= words_per_dump;
-	}
-
-	if (words_left) {
-		if (read(fd, dump, words_left * 8) != words_left * 8)
-			return -1;
-
-		for (i = 0; i < words_left; ++i, ++buffer)
-			*buffer = ntohll(dump[i]);
-	}
-
-	/** 32 bit -- position for the RLW */
-	if (read(fd, &rlw_pos, 4) != 4)
-		return -1;
-
-	self->rlw = self->buffer + ntohl(rlw_pos);
-	return 0;
+	return ptr - (const uint8_t *)map;
 }
diff --git a/ewah/ewah_rlw.c b/ewah/ewah_rlw.c
index c723f1aefd..5093d43e2f 100644
--- a/ewah/ewah_rlw.c
+++ b/ewah/ewah_rlw.c
@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@
  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  *
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.
+ * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "ewok.h"
@@ -105,11 +104,3 @@ size_t rlwit_discharge(
 
 	return index;
 }
-
-void rlwit_discharge_empty(struct rlw_iterator *it, struct ewah_bitmap *out)
-{
-	while (rlwit_word_size(it) > 0) {
-		ewah_add_empty_words(out, 0, rlwit_word_size(it));
-		rlwit_discard_first_words(it, rlwit_word_size(it));
-	}
-}
diff --git a/ewah/ewok.h b/ewah/ewok.h
index 13c6e20412..84b2a29faa 100644
--- a/ewah/ewok.h
+++ b/ewah/ewok.h
@@ -14,24 +14,14 @@
  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  *
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.
+ * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 #ifndef __EWOK_BITMAP_H__
 #define __EWOK_BITMAP_H__
 
-#ifndef ewah_malloc
-#	define ewah_malloc xmalloc
-#endif
-#ifndef ewah_realloc
-#	define ewah_realloc xrealloc
-#endif
-#ifndef ewah_calloc
-#	define ewah_calloc xcalloc
-#endif
-
+struct strbuf;
 typedef uint64_t eword_t;
-#define BITS_IN_WORD (sizeof(eword_t) * 8)
+#define BITS_IN_EWORD (sizeof(eword_t) * 8)
 
 /**
  * Do not use __builtin_popcountll. The GCC implementation
@@ -83,12 +73,6 @@ void ewah_pool_free(struct ewah_bitmap *self);
 struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_new(void);
 
 /**
- * Clear all the bits in the bitmap. Does not free or resize
- * memory.
- */
-void ewah_clear(struct ewah_bitmap *self);
-
-/**
  * Free all the memory of the bitmap
  */
 void ewah_free(struct ewah_bitmap *self);
@@ -96,22 +80,13 @@ void ewah_free(struct ewah_bitmap *self);
 int ewah_serialize_to(struct ewah_bitmap *self,
 		      int (*write_fun)(void *out, const void *buf, size_t len),
 		      void *out);
-int ewah_serialize(struct ewah_bitmap *self, int fd);
-int ewah_serialize_native(struct ewah_bitmap *self, int fd);
+int ewah_serialize_strbuf(struct ewah_bitmap *self, struct strbuf *);
 
-int ewah_deserialize(struct ewah_bitmap *self, int fd);
-int ewah_read_mmap(struct ewah_bitmap *self, const void *map, size_t len);
+ssize_t ewah_read_mmap(struct ewah_bitmap *self, const void *map, size_t len);
 
 uint32_t ewah_checksum(struct ewah_bitmap *self);
 
 /**
- * Logical not (bitwise negation) in-place on the bitmap
- *
- * This operation is linear time based on the size of the bitmap.
- */
-void ewah_not(struct ewah_bitmap *self);
-
-/**
  * Call the given callback with the position of every single bit
  * that has been set on the bitmap.
  *
@@ -173,26 +148,11 @@ void ewah_iterator_init(struct ewah_iterator *it, struct ewah_bitmap *parent);
  */
 int ewah_iterator_next(eword_t *next, struct ewah_iterator *it);
 
-void ewah_or(
-	struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_i,
-	struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_j,
-	struct ewah_bitmap *out);
-
-void ewah_and_not(
-	struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_i,
-	struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_j,
-	struct ewah_bitmap *out);
-
 void ewah_xor(
 	struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_i,
 	struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_j,
 	struct ewah_bitmap *out);
 
-void ewah_and(
-	struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_i,
-	struct ewah_bitmap *ewah_j,
-	struct ewah_bitmap *out);
-
 /**
  * Direct word access
  */
@@ -213,7 +173,6 @@ struct bitmap {
 
 struct bitmap *bitmap_new(void);
 void bitmap_set(struct bitmap *self, size_t pos);
-void bitmap_clear(struct bitmap *self, size_t pos);
 int bitmap_get(struct bitmap *self, size_t pos);
 void bitmap_reset(struct bitmap *self);
 void bitmap_free(struct bitmap *self);
@@ -227,7 +186,6 @@ void bitmap_and_not(struct bitmap *self, struct bitmap *other);
 void bitmap_or_ewah(struct bitmap *self, struct ewah_bitmap *other);
 void bitmap_or(struct bitmap *self, const struct bitmap *other);
 
-void bitmap_each_bit(struct bitmap *self, ewah_callback callback, void *data);
 size_t bitmap_popcount(struct bitmap *self);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/ewah/ewok_rlw.h b/ewah/ewok_rlw.h
index 63efdf9698..7cdfdd0c02 100644
--- a/ewah/ewok_rlw.h
+++ b/ewah/ewok_rlw.h
@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@
  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  *
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.
+ * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 #ifndef __EWOK_RLW_H__
 #define __EWOK_RLW_H__
@@ -99,7 +98,6 @@ void rlwit_init(struct rlw_iterator *it, struct ewah_bitmap *bitmap);
 void rlwit_discard_first_words(struct rlw_iterator *it, size_t x);
 size_t rlwit_discharge(
 	struct rlw_iterator *it, struct ewah_bitmap *out, size_t max, int negate);
-void rlwit_discharge_empty(struct rlw_iterator *it, struct ewah_bitmap *out);
 
 static inline size_t rlwit_word_size(struct rlw_iterator *it)
 {
diff --git a/exec-cmd.c b/exec-cmd.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4f81f44310
--- /dev/null
+++ b/exec-cmd.c
@@ -0,0 +1,365 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
+
+#if defined(RUNTIME_PREFIX)
+
+#if defined(HAVE_NS_GET_EXECUTABLE_PATH)
+#include <mach-o/dyld.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined(HAVE_BSD_KERN_PROC_SYSCTL)
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/sysctl.h>
+#endif
+
+#endif /* RUNTIME_PREFIX */
+
+#define MAX_ARGS 32
+
+static const char *system_prefix(void);
+
+#ifdef RUNTIME_PREFIX
+
+/**
+ * When using a runtime prefix, Git dynamically resolves paths relative to its
+ * executable.
+ *
+ * The method for determining the path of the executable is highly
+ * platform-specific.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Path to the current Git executable. Resolved on startup by
+ * 'git_resolve_executable_dir'.
+ */
+static const char *executable_dirname;
+
+static const char *system_prefix(void)
+{
+	static const char *prefix;
+
+	assert(executable_dirname);
+	assert(is_absolute_path(executable_dirname));
+
+	if (!prefix &&
+	    !(prefix = strip_path_suffix(executable_dirname, GIT_EXEC_PATH)) &&
+	    !(prefix = strip_path_suffix(executable_dirname, BINDIR)) &&
+	    !(prefix = strip_path_suffix(executable_dirname, "git"))) {
+		prefix = FALLBACK_RUNTIME_PREFIX;
+		trace_printf("RUNTIME_PREFIX requested, "
+				"but prefix computation failed.  "
+				"Using static fallback '%s'.\n", prefix);
+	}
+	return prefix;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Resolves the executable path from argv[0], only if it is absolute.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int git_get_exec_path_from_argv0(struct strbuf *buf, const char *argv0)
+{
+	const char *slash;
+
+	if (!argv0 || !*argv0)
+		return -1;
+
+	slash = find_last_dir_sep(argv0);
+	if (slash) {
+		trace_printf("trace: resolved executable path from argv0: %s\n",
+			     argv0);
+		strbuf_add_absolute_path(buf, argv0);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+#ifdef PROCFS_EXECUTABLE_PATH
+/*
+ * Resolves the executable path by examining a procfs symlink.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int git_get_exec_path_procfs(struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	if (strbuf_realpath(buf, PROCFS_EXECUTABLE_PATH, 0)) {
+		trace_printf(
+			"trace: resolved executable path from procfs: %s\n",
+			buf->buf);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+#endif /* PROCFS_EXECUTABLE_PATH */
+
+#ifdef HAVE_BSD_KERN_PROC_SYSCTL
+/*
+ * Resolves the executable path using KERN_PROC_PATHNAME BSD sysctl.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int git_get_exec_path_bsd_sysctl(struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	int mib[4];
+	char path[MAXPATHLEN];
+	size_t cb = sizeof(path);
+
+	mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
+	mib[1] = KERN_PROC;
+	mib[2] = KERN_PROC_PATHNAME;
+	mib[3] = -1;
+	if (!sysctl(mib, 4, path, &cb, NULL, 0)) {
+		trace_printf(
+			"trace: resolved executable path from sysctl: %s\n",
+			path);
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, path);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+#endif /* HAVE_BSD_KERN_PROC_SYSCTL */
+
+#ifdef HAVE_NS_GET_EXECUTABLE_PATH
+/*
+ * Resolves the executable path by querying Darwin application stack.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int git_get_exec_path_darwin(struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	char path[PATH_MAX];
+	uint32_t size = sizeof(path);
+	if (!_NSGetExecutablePath(path, &size)) {
+		trace_printf(
+			"trace: resolved executable path from Darwin stack: %s\n",
+			path);
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, path);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+#endif /* HAVE_NS_GET_EXECUTABLE_PATH */
+
+#ifdef HAVE_WPGMPTR
+/*
+ * Resolves the executable path by using the global variable _wpgmptr.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int git_get_exec_path_wpgmptr(struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	int len = wcslen(_wpgmptr) * 3 + 1;
+	strbuf_grow(buf, len);
+	len = xwcstoutf(buf->buf, _wpgmptr, len);
+	if (len < 0)
+		return -1;
+	buf->len += len;
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif /* HAVE_WPGMPTR */
+
+/*
+ * Resolves the absolute path of the current executable.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int git_get_exec_path(struct strbuf *buf, const char *argv0)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Identifying the executable path is operating system specific.
+	 * Selectively employ all available methods in order of preference,
+	 * preferring highly-available authoritative methods over
+	 * selectively-available or non-authoritative methods.
+	 *
+	 * All cases fall back on resolving against argv[0] if there isn't a
+	 * better functional method. However, note that argv[0] can be
+	 * used-supplied on many operating systems, and is not authoritative
+	 * in those cases.
+	 *
+	 * Each of these functions returns 0 on success, so evaluation will stop
+	 * after the first successful method.
+	 */
+	if (
+#ifdef HAVE_BSD_KERN_PROC_SYSCTL
+		git_get_exec_path_bsd_sysctl(buf) &&
+#endif /* HAVE_BSD_KERN_PROC_SYSCTL */
+
+#ifdef HAVE_NS_GET_EXECUTABLE_PATH
+		git_get_exec_path_darwin(buf) &&
+#endif /* HAVE_NS_GET_EXECUTABLE_PATH */
+
+#ifdef PROCFS_EXECUTABLE_PATH
+		git_get_exec_path_procfs(buf) &&
+#endif /* PROCFS_EXECUTABLE_PATH */
+
+#ifdef HAVE_WPGMPTR
+		git_get_exec_path_wpgmptr(buf) &&
+#endif /* HAVE_WPGMPTR */
+
+		git_get_exec_path_from_argv0(buf, argv0)) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (strbuf_normalize_path(buf)) {
+		trace_printf("trace: could not normalize path: %s\n", buf->buf);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void git_resolve_executable_dir(const char *argv0)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *resolved;
+	const char *slash;
+
+	if (git_get_exec_path(&buf, argv0)) {
+		trace_printf(
+			"trace: could not determine executable path from: %s\n",
+			argv0);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	resolved = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+	slash = find_last_dir_sep(resolved);
+	if (slash)
+		resolved[slash - resolved] = '\0';
+
+	executable_dirname = resolved;
+	trace_printf("trace: resolved executable dir: %s\n",
+		     executable_dirname);
+}
+
+#else
+
+/*
+ * When not using a runtime prefix, Git uses a hard-coded path.
+ */
+static const char *system_prefix(void)
+{
+	return FALLBACK_RUNTIME_PREFIX;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is called during initialization, but No work needs to be done here when
+ * runtime prefix is not being used.
+ */
+void git_resolve_executable_dir(const char *argv0)
+{
+}
+
+#endif /* RUNTIME_PREFIX */
+
+char *system_path(const char *path)
+{
+	struct strbuf d = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (is_absolute_path(path))
+		return xstrdup(path);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&d, "%s/%s", system_prefix(), path);
+	return strbuf_detach(&d, NULL);
+}
+
+static const char *exec_path_value;
+
+void git_set_exec_path(const char *exec_path)
+{
+	exec_path_value = exec_path;
+	/*
+	 * Propagate this setting to external programs.
+	 */
+	setenv(EXEC_PATH_ENVIRONMENT, exec_path, 1);
+}
+
+/* Returns the highest-priority location to look for git programs. */
+const char *git_exec_path(void)
+{
+	if (!exec_path_value) {
+		const char *env = getenv(EXEC_PATH_ENVIRONMENT);
+		if (env && *env)
+			exec_path_value = xstrdup(env);
+		else
+			exec_path_value = system_path(GIT_EXEC_PATH);
+	}
+	return exec_path_value;
+}
+
+static void add_path(struct strbuf *out, const char *path)
+{
+	if (path && *path) {
+		strbuf_add_absolute_path(out, path);
+		strbuf_addch(out, PATH_SEP);
+	}
+}
+
+void setup_path(void)
+{
+	const char *exec_path = git_exec_path();
+	const char *old_path = getenv("PATH");
+	struct strbuf new_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	git_set_exec_path(exec_path);
+	add_path(&new_path, exec_path);
+
+	if (old_path)
+		strbuf_addstr(&new_path, old_path);
+	else
+		strbuf_addstr(&new_path, _PATH_DEFPATH);
+
+	setenv("PATH", new_path.buf, 1);
+
+	strbuf_release(&new_path);
+}
+
+const char **prepare_git_cmd(struct argv_array *out, const char **argv)
+{
+	argv_array_push(out, "git");
+	argv_array_pushv(out, argv);
+	return out->argv;
+}
+
+int execv_git_cmd(const char **argv)
+{
+	struct argv_array nargv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+
+	prepare_git_cmd(&nargv, argv);
+	trace_argv_printf(nargv.argv, "trace: exec:");
+
+	/* execvp() can only ever return if it fails */
+	sane_execvp("git", (char **)nargv.argv);
+
+	trace_printf("trace: exec failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+
+	argv_array_clear(&nargv);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int execl_git_cmd(const char *cmd, ...)
+{
+	int argc;
+	const char *argv[MAX_ARGS + 1];
+	const char *arg;
+	va_list param;
+
+	va_start(param, cmd);
+	argv[0] = cmd;
+	argc = 1;
+	while (argc < MAX_ARGS) {
+		arg = argv[argc++] = va_arg(param, char *);
+		if (!arg)
+			break;
+	}
+	va_end(param);
+	if (MAX_ARGS <= argc)
+		return error(_("too many args to run %s"), cmd);
+
+	argv[argc] = NULL;
+	return execv_git_cmd(argv);
+}
diff --git a/exec_cmd.h b/exec-cmd.h
index 93b0c02529..2522453cda 100644
--- a/exec_cmd.h
+++ b/exec-cmd.h
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 #ifndef GIT_EXEC_CMD_H
 #define GIT_EXEC_CMD_H
 
-extern void git_set_argv_exec_path(const char *exec_path);
-extern const char *git_extract_argv0_path(const char *path);
+struct argv_array;
+
+extern void git_set_exec_path(const char *exec_path);
+extern void git_resolve_executable_dir(const char *path);
 extern const char *git_exec_path(void);
 extern void setup_path(void);
-extern const char **prepare_git_cmd(const char **argv);
+extern const char **prepare_git_cmd(struct argv_array *out, const char **argv);
 extern int execv_git_cmd(const char **argv); /* NULL terminated */
 LAST_ARG_MUST_BE_NULL
 extern int execl_git_cmd(const char *cmd, ...);
diff --git a/exec_cmd.c b/exec_cmd.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 8ab37b5f74..0000000000
--- a/exec_cmd.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,162 +0,0 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
-#include "quote.h"
-#define MAX_ARGS	32
-
-static const char *argv_exec_path;
-static const char *argv0_path;
-
-char *system_path(const char *path)
-{
-#ifdef RUNTIME_PREFIX
-	static const char *prefix;
-#else
-	static const char *prefix = PREFIX;
-#endif
-	struct strbuf d = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	if (is_absolute_path(path))
-		return xstrdup(path);
-
-#ifdef RUNTIME_PREFIX
-	assert(argv0_path);
-	assert(is_absolute_path(argv0_path));
-
-	if (!prefix &&
-	    !(prefix = strip_path_suffix(argv0_path, GIT_EXEC_PATH)) &&
-	    !(prefix = strip_path_suffix(argv0_path, BINDIR)) &&
-	    !(prefix = strip_path_suffix(argv0_path, "git"))) {
-		prefix = PREFIX;
-		trace_printf("RUNTIME_PREFIX requested, "
-				"but prefix computation failed.  "
-				"Using static fallback '%s'.\n", prefix);
-	}
-#endif
-
-	strbuf_addf(&d, "%s/%s", prefix, path);
-	return strbuf_detach(&d, NULL);
-}
-
-const char *git_extract_argv0_path(const char *argv0)
-{
-	const char *slash;
-
-	if (!argv0 || !*argv0)
-		return NULL;
-	slash = argv0 + strlen(argv0);
-
-	while (argv0 <= slash && !is_dir_sep(*slash))
-		slash--;
-
-	if (slash >= argv0) {
-		argv0_path = xstrndup(argv0, slash - argv0);
-		return slash + 1;
-	}
-
-	return argv0;
-}
-
-void git_set_argv_exec_path(const char *exec_path)
-{
-	argv_exec_path = exec_path;
-	/*
-	 * Propagate this setting to external programs.
-	 */
-	setenv(EXEC_PATH_ENVIRONMENT, exec_path, 1);
-}
-
-
-/* Returns the highest-priority, location to look for git programs. */
-const char *git_exec_path(void)
-{
-	const char *env;
-
-	if (argv_exec_path)
-		return argv_exec_path;
-
-	env = getenv(EXEC_PATH_ENVIRONMENT);
-	if (env && *env) {
-		return env;
-	}
-
-	return system_path(GIT_EXEC_PATH);
-}
-
-static void add_path(struct strbuf *out, const char *path)
-{
-	if (path && *path) {
-		strbuf_add_absolute_path(out, path);
-		strbuf_addch(out, PATH_SEP);
-	}
-}
-
-void setup_path(void)
-{
-	const char *old_path = getenv("PATH");
-	struct strbuf new_path = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	add_path(&new_path, git_exec_path());
-	add_path(&new_path, argv0_path);
-
-	if (old_path)
-		strbuf_addstr(&new_path, old_path);
-	else
-		strbuf_addstr(&new_path, _PATH_DEFPATH);
-
-	setenv("PATH", new_path.buf, 1);
-
-	strbuf_release(&new_path);
-}
-
-const char **prepare_git_cmd(const char **argv)
-{
-	int argc;
-	const char **nargv;
-
-	for (argc = 0; argv[argc]; argc++)
-		; /* just counting */
-	nargv = xmalloc(sizeof(*nargv) * (argc + 2));
-
-	nargv[0] = "git";
-	for (argc = 0; argv[argc]; argc++)
-		nargv[argc + 1] = argv[argc];
-	nargv[argc + 1] = NULL;
-	return nargv;
-}
-
-int execv_git_cmd(const char **argv) {
-	const char **nargv = prepare_git_cmd(argv);
-	trace_argv_printf(nargv, "trace: exec:");
-
-	/* execvp() can only ever return if it fails */
-	sane_execvp("git", (char **)nargv);
-
-	trace_printf("trace: exec failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
-
-	free(nargv);
-	return -1;
-}
-
-
-int execl_git_cmd(const char *cmd,...)
-{
-	int argc;
-	const char *argv[MAX_ARGS + 1];
-	const char *arg;
-	va_list param;
-
-	va_start(param, cmd);
-	argv[0] = cmd;
-	argc = 1;
-	while (argc < MAX_ARGS) {
-		arg = argv[argc++] = va_arg(param, char *);
-		if (!arg)
-			break;
-	}
-	va_end(param);
-	if (MAX_ARGS <= argc)
-		return error("too many args to run %s", cmd);
-
-	argv[argc] = NULL;
-	return execv_git_cmd(argv);
-}
diff --git a/fast-import.c b/fast-import.c
index e78ca107b3..89bb0c9db3 100644
--- a/fast-import.c
+++ b/fast-import.c
@@ -134,16 +134,17 @@ Format of STDIN stream:
   ts    ::= # time since the epoch in seconds, ascii base10 notation;
   tz    ::= # GIT style timezone;
 
-     # note: comments, ls and cat requests may appear anywhere
-     # in the input, except within a data command.  Any form
-     # of the data command always escapes the related input
-     # from comment processing.
+     # note: comments, get-mark, ls-tree, and cat-blob requests may
+     # appear anywhere in the input, except within a data command. Any
+     # form of the data command always escapes the related input from
+     # comment processing.
      #
      # In case it is not clear, the '#' that starts the comment
      # must be the first character on that line (an lf
      # preceded it).
      #
 
+  get_mark ::= 'get-mark' sp idnum lf;
   cat_blob ::= 'cat-blob' sp (hexsha1 | idnum) lf;
   ls_tree  ::= 'ls' sp (hexsha1 | idnum) sp path_str lf;
 
@@ -153,6 +154,8 @@ Format of STDIN stream:
 
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "blob.h"
@@ -163,8 +166,11 @@ Format of STDIN stream:
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "csum-file.h"
 #include "quote.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "mem-pool.h"
 
 #define PACK_ID_BITS 16
 #define MAX_PACK_ID ((1<<PACK_ID_BITS)-1)
@@ -206,13 +212,6 @@ struct last_object {
 	unsigned no_swap : 1;
 };
 
-struct mem_pool {
-	struct mem_pool *next_pool;
-	char *next_free;
-	char *end;
-	uintmax_t space[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
-};
-
 struct atom_str {
 	struct atom_str *next_atom;
 	unsigned short str_len;
@@ -225,7 +224,7 @@ struct tree_entry {
 	struct atom_str *name;
 	struct tree_entry_ms {
 		uint16_t mode;
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 	} versions[2];
 };
 
@@ -251,19 +250,19 @@ struct branch {
 	unsigned active : 1;
 	unsigned delete : 1;
 	unsigned pack_id : PACK_ID_BITS;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 };
 
 struct tag {
 	struct tag *next_tag;
 	const char *name;
 	unsigned int pack_id;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 };
 
 struct hash_list {
 	struct hash_list *next;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 };
 
 typedef enum {
@@ -279,11 +278,10 @@ struct recent_command {
 };
 
 /* Configured limits on output */
-static unsigned long max_depth = 10;
+static unsigned long max_depth = 50;
 static off_t max_packsize;
+static int unpack_limit = 100;
 static int force_update;
-static int pack_compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
-static int pack_compression_seen;
 
 /* Stats and misc. counters */
 static uintmax_t alloc_count;
@@ -299,12 +297,11 @@ static int failure;
 static FILE *pack_edges;
 static unsigned int show_stats = 1;
 static int global_argc;
-static char **global_argv;
+static const char **global_argv;
 
 /* Memory pools */
-static size_t mem_pool_alloc = 2*1024*1024 - sizeof(struct mem_pool);
-static size_t total_allocd;
-static struct mem_pool *mem_pool;
+static struct mem_pool fi_mem_pool =  {NULL, 2*1024*1024 -
+				       sizeof(struct mp_block), 0 };
 
 /* Atom management */
 static unsigned int atom_table_sz = 4451;
@@ -314,7 +311,7 @@ static struct atom_str **atom_table;
 /* The .pack file being generated */
 static struct pack_idx_option pack_idx_opts;
 static unsigned int pack_id;
-static struct sha1file *pack_file;
+static struct hashfile *pack_file;
 static struct packed_git *pack_data;
 static struct packed_git **all_packs;
 static off_t pack_size;
@@ -328,6 +325,7 @@ static const char *export_marks_file;
 static const char *import_marks_file;
 static int import_marks_file_from_stream;
 static int import_marks_file_ignore_missing;
+static int import_marks_file_done;
 static int relative_marks_paths;
 
 /* Our last blob */
@@ -338,6 +336,7 @@ static unsigned int tree_entry_alloc = 1000;
 static void *avail_tree_entry;
 static unsigned int avail_tree_table_sz = 100;
 static struct avail_tree_content **avail_tree_table;
+static size_t tree_entry_allocd;
 static struct strbuf old_tree = STRBUF_INIT;
 static struct strbuf new_tree = STRBUF_INIT;
 
@@ -372,6 +371,7 @@ static volatile sig_atomic_t checkpoint_requested;
 static int cat_blob_fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
 
 static void parse_argv(void);
+static void parse_get_mark(const char *p);
 static void parse_cat_blob(const char *p);
 static void parse_ls(const char *p, struct branch *b);
 
@@ -384,13 +384,15 @@ static void write_branch_report(FILE *rpt, struct branch *b)
 		fputs(" active", rpt);
 	if (b->branch_tree.tree)
 		fputs(" loaded", rpt);
-	if (is_null_sha1(b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1))
+	if (is_null_oid(&b->branch_tree.versions[1].oid))
 		fputs(" dirty", rpt);
 	fputc('\n', rpt);
 
-	fprintf(rpt, "  tip commit  : %s\n", sha1_to_hex(b->sha1));
-	fprintf(rpt, "  old tree    : %s\n", sha1_to_hex(b->branch_tree.versions[0].sha1));
-	fprintf(rpt, "  cur tree    : %s\n", sha1_to_hex(b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1));
+	fprintf(rpt, "  tip commit  : %s\n", oid_to_hex(&b->oid));
+	fprintf(rpt, "  old tree    : %s\n",
+		oid_to_hex(&b->branch_tree.versions[0].oid));
+	fprintf(rpt, "  cur tree    : %s\n",
+		oid_to_hex(&b->branch_tree.versions[1].oid));
 	fprintf(rpt, "  commit clock: %" PRIuMAX "\n", b->last_commit);
 
 	fputs("  last pack   : ", rpt);
@@ -405,14 +407,15 @@ static void dump_marks_helper(FILE *, uintmax_t, struct mark_set *);
 
 static void write_crash_report(const char *err)
 {
-	char *loc = git_path("fast_import_crash_%"PRIuMAX, (uintmax_t) getpid());
+	char *loc = git_pathdup("fast_import_crash_%"PRIuMAX, (uintmax_t) getpid());
 	FILE *rpt = fopen(loc, "w");
 	struct branch *b;
 	unsigned long lu;
 	struct recent_command *rc;
 
 	if (!rpt) {
-		error("can't write crash report %s: %s", loc, strerror(errno));
+		error_errno("can't write crash report %s", loc);
+		free(loc);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -421,7 +424,7 @@ static void write_crash_report(const char *err)
 	fprintf(rpt, "fast-import crash report:\n");
 	fprintf(rpt, "    fast-import process: %"PRIuMAX"\n", (uintmax_t) getpid());
 	fprintf(rpt, "    parent process     : %"PRIuMAX"\n", (uintmax_t) getppid());
-	fprintf(rpt, "    at %s\n", show_date(time(NULL), 0, DATE_LOCAL));
+	fprintf(rpt, "    at %s\n", show_date(time(NULL), 0, DATE_MODE(ISO8601)));
 	fputc('\n', rpt);
 
 	fputs("fatal: ", rpt);
@@ -467,7 +470,7 @@ static void write_crash_report(const char *err)
 		fputs("Annotated Tags\n", rpt);
 		fputs("--------------\n", rpt);
 		for (tg = first_tag; tg; tg = tg->next_tag) {
-			fputs(sha1_to_hex(tg->sha1), rpt);
+			fputs(oid_to_hex(&tg->oid), rpt);
 			fputc(' ', rpt);
 			fputs(tg->name, rpt);
 			fputc('\n', rpt);
@@ -486,6 +489,7 @@ static void write_crash_report(const char *err)
 	fputs("-------------------\n", rpt);
 	fputs("END OF CRASH REPORT\n", rpt);
 	fclose(rpt);
+	free(loc);
 }
 
 static void end_packfile(void);
@@ -551,7 +555,7 @@ static void alloc_objects(unsigned int cnt)
 	alloc_count += cnt;
 }
 
-static struct object_entry *new_object(unsigned char *sha1)
+static struct object_entry *new_object(struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct object_entry *e;
 
@@ -559,89 +563,78 @@ static struct object_entry *new_object(unsigned char *sha1)
 		alloc_objects(object_entry_alloc);
 
 	e = blocks->next_free++;
-	hashcpy(e->idx.sha1, sha1);
+	oidcpy(&e->idx.oid, oid);
 	return e;
 }
 
-static struct object_entry *find_object(unsigned char *sha1)
+static struct object_entry *find_object(struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	unsigned int h = sha1[0] << 8 | sha1[1];
+	unsigned int h = oid->hash[0] << 8 | oid->hash[1];
 	struct object_entry *e;
 	for (e = object_table[h]; e; e = e->next)
-		if (!hashcmp(sha1, e->idx.sha1))
+		if (!oidcmp(oid, &e->idx.oid))
 			return e;
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static struct object_entry *insert_object(unsigned char *sha1)
+static struct object_entry *insert_object(struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	unsigned int h = sha1[0] << 8 | sha1[1];
+	unsigned int h = oid->hash[0] << 8 | oid->hash[1];
 	struct object_entry *e = object_table[h];
 
 	while (e) {
-		if (!hashcmp(sha1, e->idx.sha1))
+		if (!oidcmp(oid, &e->idx.oid))
 			return e;
 		e = e->next;
 	}
 
-	e = new_object(sha1);
+	e = new_object(oid);
 	e->next = object_table[h];
 	e->idx.offset = 0;
 	object_table[h] = e;
 	return e;
 }
 
-static unsigned int hc_str(const char *s, size_t len)
+static void invalidate_pack_id(unsigned int id)
 {
-	unsigned int r = 0;
-	while (len-- > 0)
-		r = r * 31 + *s++;
-	return r;
-}
+	unsigned int h;
+	unsigned long lu;
+	struct tag *t;
 
-static void *pool_alloc(size_t len)
-{
-	struct mem_pool *p;
-	void *r;
+	for (h = 0; h < ARRAY_SIZE(object_table); h++) {
+		struct object_entry *e;
 
-	/* round up to a 'uintmax_t' alignment */
-	if (len & (sizeof(uintmax_t) - 1))
-		len += sizeof(uintmax_t) - (len & (sizeof(uintmax_t) - 1));
+		for (e = object_table[h]; e; e = e->next)
+			if (e->pack_id == id)
+				e->pack_id = MAX_PACK_ID;
+	}
 
-	for (p = mem_pool; p; p = p->next_pool)
-		if ((p->end - p->next_free >= len))
-			break;
+	for (lu = 0; lu < branch_table_sz; lu++) {
+		struct branch *b;
 
-	if (!p) {
-		if (len >= (mem_pool_alloc/2)) {
-			total_allocd += len;
-			return xmalloc(len);
-		}
-		total_allocd += sizeof(struct mem_pool) + mem_pool_alloc;
-		p = xmalloc(sizeof(struct mem_pool) + mem_pool_alloc);
-		p->next_pool = mem_pool;
-		p->next_free = (char *) p->space;
-		p->end = p->next_free + mem_pool_alloc;
-		mem_pool = p;
+		for (b = branch_table[lu]; b; b = b->table_next_branch)
+			if (b->pack_id == id)
+				b->pack_id = MAX_PACK_ID;
 	}
 
-	r = p->next_free;
-	p->next_free += len;
-	return r;
+	for (t = first_tag; t; t = t->next_tag)
+		if (t->pack_id == id)
+			t->pack_id = MAX_PACK_ID;
 }
 
-static void *pool_calloc(size_t count, size_t size)
+static unsigned int hc_str(const char *s, size_t len)
 {
-	size_t len = count * size;
-	void *r = pool_alloc(len);
-	memset(r, 0, len);
+	unsigned int r = 0;
+	while (len-- > 0)
+		r = r * 31 + *s++;
 	return r;
 }
 
 static char *pool_strdup(const char *s)
 {
-	char *r = pool_alloc(strlen(s) + 1);
-	strcpy(r, s);
+	size_t len = strlen(s) + 1;
+	char *r = mem_pool_alloc(&fi_mem_pool, len);
+	memcpy(r, s, len);
 	return r;
 }
 
@@ -649,7 +642,7 @@ static void insert_mark(uintmax_t idnum, struct object_entry *oe)
 {
 	struct mark_set *s = marks;
 	while ((idnum >> s->shift) >= 1024) {
-		s = pool_calloc(1, sizeof(struct mark_set));
+		s = mem_pool_calloc(&fi_mem_pool, 1, sizeof(struct mark_set));
 		s->shift = marks->shift + 10;
 		s->data.sets[0] = marks;
 		marks = s;
@@ -658,7 +651,7 @@ static void insert_mark(uintmax_t idnum, struct object_entry *oe)
 		uintmax_t i = idnum >> s->shift;
 		idnum -= i << s->shift;
 		if (!s->data.sets[i]) {
-			s->data.sets[i] = pool_calloc(1, sizeof(struct mark_set));
+			s->data.sets[i] = mem_pool_calloc(&fi_mem_pool, 1, sizeof(struct mark_set));
 			s->data.sets[i]->shift = s->shift - 10;
 		}
 		s = s->data.sets[i];
@@ -696,9 +689,9 @@ static struct atom_str *to_atom(const char *s, unsigned short len)
 		if (c->str_len == len && !strncmp(s, c->str_dat, len))
 			return c;
 
-	c = pool_alloc(sizeof(struct atom_str) + len + 1);
+	c = mem_pool_alloc(&fi_mem_pool, sizeof(struct atom_str) + len + 1);
 	c->str_len = len;
-	strncpy(c->str_dat, s, len);
+	memcpy(c->str_dat, s, len);
 	c->str_dat[len] = 0;
 	c->next_atom = atom_table[hc];
 	atom_table[hc] = c;
@@ -727,7 +720,7 @@ static struct branch *new_branch(const char *name)
 	if (check_refname_format(name, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL))
 		die("Branch name doesn't conform to GIT standards: %s", name);
 
-	b = pool_calloc(1, sizeof(struct branch));
+	b = mem_pool_calloc(&fi_mem_pool, 1, sizeof(struct branch));
 	b->name = pool_strdup(name);
 	b->table_next_branch = branch_table[hc];
 	b->branch_tree.versions[0].mode = S_IFDIR;
@@ -763,7 +756,7 @@ static struct tree_content *new_tree_content(unsigned int cnt)
 			avail_tree_table[hc] = f->next_avail;
 	} else {
 		cnt = cnt & 7 ? ((cnt / 8) + 1) * 8 : cnt;
-		f = pool_alloc(sizeof(*t) + sizeof(t->entries[0]) * cnt);
+		f = mem_pool_alloc(&fi_mem_pool, sizeof(*t) + sizeof(t->entries[0]) * cnt);
 		f->entry_capacity = cnt;
 	}
 
@@ -808,8 +801,9 @@ static struct tree_entry *new_tree_entry(void)
 
 	if (!avail_tree_entry) {
 		unsigned int n = tree_entry_alloc;
-		total_allocd += n * sizeof(struct tree_entry);
-		avail_tree_entry = e = xmalloc(n * sizeof(struct tree_entry));
+		tree_entry_allocd += n * sizeof(struct tree_entry);
+		ALLOC_ARRAY(e, n);
+		avail_tree_entry = e;
 		while (n-- > 1) {
 			*((void**)e) = e + 1;
 			e++;
@@ -843,7 +837,7 @@ static struct tree_content *dup_tree_content(struct tree_content *s)
 		a = s->entries[i];
 		b = new_tree_entry();
 		memcpy(b, a, sizeof(*a));
-		if (a->tree && is_null_sha1(b->versions[1].sha1))
+		if (a->tree && is_null_oid(&b->versions[1].oid))
 			b->tree = dup_tree_content(a->tree);
 		else
 			b->tree = NULL;
@@ -857,23 +851,23 @@ static struct tree_content *dup_tree_content(struct tree_content *s)
 
 static void start_packfile(void)
 {
-	static char tmp_file[PATH_MAX];
+	struct strbuf tmp_file = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct packed_git *p;
 	struct pack_header hdr;
 	int pack_fd;
 
-	pack_fd = odb_mkstemp(tmp_file, sizeof(tmp_file),
-			      "pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX");
-	p = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*p) + strlen(tmp_file) + 2);
-	strcpy(p->pack_name, tmp_file);
+	pack_fd = odb_mkstemp(&tmp_file, "pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX");
+	FLEX_ALLOC_STR(p, pack_name, tmp_file.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&tmp_file);
+
 	p->pack_fd = pack_fd;
 	p->do_not_close = 1;
-	pack_file = sha1fd(pack_fd, p->pack_name);
+	pack_file = hashfd(pack_fd, p->pack_name);
 
 	hdr.hdr_signature = htonl(PACK_SIGNATURE);
 	hdr.hdr_version = htonl(2);
 	hdr.hdr_entries = 0;
-	sha1write(pack_file, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
+	hashwrite(pack_file, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
 
 	pack_data = p;
 	pack_size = sizeof(hdr);
@@ -891,7 +885,7 @@ static const char *create_index(void)
 	struct object_entry_pool *o;
 
 	/* Build the table of object IDs. */
-	idx = xmalloc(object_count * sizeof(*idx));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(idx, object_count);
 	c = idx;
 	for (o = blocks; o; o = o->next_pool)
 		for (e = o->next_free; e-- != o->entries;)
@@ -908,41 +902,57 @@ static const char *create_index(void)
 
 static char *keep_pack(const char *curr_index_name)
 {
-	static char name[PATH_MAX];
 	static const char *keep_msg = "fast-import";
+	struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int keep_fd;
 
-	keep_fd = odb_pack_keep(name, sizeof(name), pack_data->sha1);
+	odb_pack_name(&name, pack_data->sha1, "keep");
+	keep_fd = odb_pack_keep(name.buf);
 	if (keep_fd < 0)
 		die_errno("cannot create keep file");
 	write_or_die(keep_fd, keep_msg, strlen(keep_msg));
 	if (close(keep_fd))
 		die_errno("failed to write keep file");
 
-	snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/pack/pack-%s.pack",
-		 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(pack_data->sha1));
-	if (move_temp_to_file(pack_data->pack_name, name))
+	odb_pack_name(&name, pack_data->sha1, "pack");
+	if (finalize_object_file(pack_data->pack_name, name.buf))
 		die("cannot store pack file");
 
-	snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/pack/pack-%s.idx",
-		 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(pack_data->sha1));
-	if (move_temp_to_file(curr_index_name, name))
+	odb_pack_name(&name, pack_data->sha1, "idx");
+	if (finalize_object_file(curr_index_name, name.buf))
 		die("cannot store index file");
 	free((void *)curr_index_name);
-	return name;
+	return strbuf_detach(&name, NULL);
 }
 
 static void unkeep_all_packs(void)
 {
-	static char name[PATH_MAX];
+	struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int k;
 
 	for (k = 0; k < pack_id; k++) {
 		struct packed_git *p = all_packs[k];
-		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/pack/pack-%s.keep",
-			 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(p->sha1));
-		unlink_or_warn(name);
+		odb_pack_name(&name, p->sha1, "keep");
+		unlink_or_warn(name.buf);
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&name);
+}
+
+static int loosen_small_pack(const struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	struct child_process unpack = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+	if (lseek(p->pack_fd, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0)
+		die_errno("Failed seeking to start of '%s'", p->pack_name);
+
+	unpack.in = p->pack_fd;
+	unpack.git_cmd = 1;
+	unpack.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+	argv_array_push(&unpack.args, "unpack-objects");
+	if (!show_stats)
+		argv_array_push(&unpack.args, "-q");
+
+	return run_command(&unpack);
 }
 
 static void end_packfile(void)
@@ -956,17 +966,25 @@ static void end_packfile(void)
 	clear_delta_base_cache();
 	if (object_count) {
 		struct packed_git *new_p;
-		unsigned char cur_pack_sha1[20];
+		struct object_id cur_pack_oid;
 		char *idx_name;
 		int i;
 		struct branch *b;
 		struct tag *t;
 
 		close_pack_windows(pack_data);
-		sha1close(pack_file, cur_pack_sha1, 0);
+		finalize_hashfile(pack_file, cur_pack_oid.hash, 0);
 		fixup_pack_header_footer(pack_data->pack_fd, pack_data->sha1,
 				    pack_data->pack_name, object_count,
-				    cur_pack_sha1, pack_size);
+				    cur_pack_oid.hash, pack_size);
+
+		if (object_count <= unpack_limit) {
+			if (!loosen_small_pack(pack_data)) {
+				invalidate_pack_id(pack_id);
+				goto discard_pack;
+			}
+		}
+
 		close(pack_data->pack_fd);
 		idx_name = keep_pack(create_index());
 
@@ -975,7 +993,8 @@ static void end_packfile(void)
 		if (!new_p)
 			die("core git rejected index %s", idx_name);
 		all_packs[pack_id] = new_p;
-		install_packed_git(new_p);
+		install_packed_git(the_repository, new_p);
+		free(idx_name);
 
 		/* Print the boundary */
 		if (pack_edges) {
@@ -983,12 +1002,14 @@ static void end_packfile(void)
 			for (i = 0; i < branch_table_sz; i++) {
 				for (b = branch_table[i]; b; b = b->table_next_branch) {
 					if (b->pack_id == pack_id)
-						fprintf(pack_edges, " %s", sha1_to_hex(b->sha1));
+						fprintf(pack_edges, " %s",
+							oid_to_hex(&b->oid));
 				}
 			}
 			for (t = first_tag; t; t = t->next_tag) {
 				if (t->pack_id == pack_id)
-					fprintf(pack_edges, " %s", sha1_to_hex(t->sha1));
+					fprintf(pack_edges, " %s",
+						oid_to_hex(&t->oid));
 			}
 			fputc('\n', pack_edges);
 			fflush(pack_edges);
@@ -997,11 +1018,11 @@ static void end_packfile(void)
 		pack_id++;
 	}
 	else {
+discard_pack:
 		close(pack_data->pack_fd);
 		unlink_or_warn(pack_data->pack_name);
 	}
-	free(pack_data);
-	pack_data = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(pack_data);
 	running = 0;
 
 	/* We can't carry a delta across packfiles. */
@@ -1020,33 +1041,34 @@ static int store_object(
 	enum object_type type,
 	struct strbuf *dat,
 	struct last_object *last,
-	unsigned char *sha1out,
+	struct object_id *oidout,
 	uintmax_t mark)
 {
 	void *out, *delta;
 	struct object_entry *e;
 	unsigned char hdr[96];
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	unsigned long hdrlen, deltalen;
-	git_SHA_CTX c;
+	git_hash_ctx c;
 	git_zstream s;
 
-	hdrlen = sprintf((char *)hdr,"%s %lu", typename(type),
-		(unsigned long)dat->len) + 1;
-	git_SHA1_Init(&c);
-	git_SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, hdrlen);
-	git_SHA1_Update(&c, dat->buf, dat->len);
-	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &c);
-	if (sha1out)
-		hashcpy(sha1out, sha1);
+	hdrlen = xsnprintf((char *)hdr, sizeof(hdr), "%s %lu",
+			   type_name(type), (unsigned long)dat->len) + 1;
+	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&c);
+	the_hash_algo->update_fn(&c, hdr, hdrlen);
+	the_hash_algo->update_fn(&c, dat->buf, dat->len);
+	the_hash_algo->final_fn(oid.hash, &c);
+	if (oidout)
+		oidcpy(oidout, &oid);
 
-	e = insert_object(sha1);
+	e = insert_object(&oid);
 	if (mark)
 		insert_mark(mark, e);
 	if (e->idx.offset) {
 		duplicate_count_by_type[type]++;
 		return 1;
-	} else if (find_sha1_pack(sha1, packed_git)) {
+	} else if (find_sha1_pack(oid.hash,
+				  get_packed_git(the_repository))) {
 		e->type = type;
 		e->pack_id = MAX_PACK_ID;
 		e->idx.offset = 1; /* just not zero! */
@@ -1054,11 +1076,13 @@ static int store_object(
 		return 1;
 	}
 
-	if (last && last->data.buf && last->depth < max_depth && dat->len > 20) {
+	if (last && last->data.len && last->data.buf && last->depth < max_depth
+		&& dat->len > the_hash_algo->rawsz) {
+
 		delta_count_attempts_by_type[type]++;
 		delta = diff_delta(last->data.buf, last->data.len,
 			dat->buf, dat->len,
-			&deltalen, dat->len - 20);
+			&deltalen, dat->len - the_hash_algo->rawsz);
 	} else
 		delta = NULL;
 
@@ -1086,8 +1110,7 @@ static int store_object(
 
 		/* We cannot carry a delta into the new pack. */
 		if (delta) {
-			free(delta);
-			delta = NULL;
+			FREE_AND_NULL(delta);
 
 			git_deflate_init(&s, pack_compression_level);
 			s.next_in = (void *)dat->buf;
@@ -1115,23 +1138,25 @@ static int store_object(
 		delta_count_by_type[type]++;
 		e->depth = last->depth + 1;
 
-		hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(OBJ_OFS_DELTA, deltalen, hdr);
-		sha1write(pack_file, hdr, hdrlen);
+		hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(hdr, sizeof(hdr),
+						      OBJ_OFS_DELTA, deltalen);
+		hashwrite(pack_file, hdr, hdrlen);
 		pack_size += hdrlen;
 
 		hdr[pos] = ofs & 127;
 		while (ofs >>= 7)
 			hdr[--pos] = 128 | (--ofs & 127);
-		sha1write(pack_file, hdr + pos, sizeof(hdr) - pos);
+		hashwrite(pack_file, hdr + pos, sizeof(hdr) - pos);
 		pack_size += sizeof(hdr) - pos;
 	} else {
 		e->depth = 0;
-		hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(type, dat->len, hdr);
-		sha1write(pack_file, hdr, hdrlen);
+		hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(hdr, sizeof(hdr),
+						      type, dat->len);
+		hashwrite(pack_file, hdr, hdrlen);
 		pack_size += hdrlen;
 	}
 
-	sha1write(pack_file, out, s.total_out);
+	hashwrite(pack_file, out, s.total_out);
 	pack_size += s.total_out;
 
 	e->idx.crc32 = crc32_end(pack_file);
@@ -1150,25 +1175,25 @@ static int store_object(
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void truncate_pack(struct sha1file_checkpoint *checkpoint)
+static void truncate_pack(struct hashfile_checkpoint *checkpoint)
 {
-	if (sha1file_truncate(pack_file, checkpoint))
+	if (hashfile_truncate(pack_file, checkpoint))
 		die_errno("cannot truncate pack to skip duplicate");
 	pack_size = checkpoint->offset;
 }
 
-static void stream_blob(uintmax_t len, unsigned char *sha1out, uintmax_t mark)
+static void stream_blob(uintmax_t len, struct object_id *oidout, uintmax_t mark)
 {
 	size_t in_sz = 64 * 1024, out_sz = 64 * 1024;
 	unsigned char *in_buf = xmalloc(in_sz);
 	unsigned char *out_buf = xmalloc(out_sz);
 	struct object_entry *e;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	unsigned long hdrlen;
 	off_t offset;
-	git_SHA_CTX c;
+	git_hash_ctx c;
 	git_zstream s;
-	struct sha1file_checkpoint checkpoint;
+	struct hashfile_checkpoint checkpoint;
 	int status = Z_OK;
 
 	/* Determine if we should auto-checkpoint. */
@@ -1176,23 +1201,19 @@ static void stream_blob(uintmax_t len, unsigned char *sha1out, uintmax_t mark)
 		|| (pack_size + 60 + len) < pack_size)
 		cycle_packfile();
 
-	sha1file_checkpoint(pack_file, &checkpoint);
+	hashfile_checkpoint(pack_file, &checkpoint);
 	offset = checkpoint.offset;
 
-	hdrlen = snprintf((char *)out_buf, out_sz, "blob %" PRIuMAX, len) + 1;
-	if (out_sz <= hdrlen)
-		die("impossibly large object header");
+	hdrlen = xsnprintf((char *)out_buf, out_sz, "blob %" PRIuMAX, len) + 1;
 
-	git_SHA1_Init(&c);
-	git_SHA1_Update(&c, out_buf, hdrlen);
+	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&c);
+	the_hash_algo->update_fn(&c, out_buf, hdrlen);
 
 	crc32_begin(pack_file);
 
 	git_deflate_init(&s, pack_compression_level);
 
-	hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(OBJ_BLOB, len, out_buf);
-	if (out_sz <= hdrlen)
-		die("impossibly large object header");
+	hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(out_buf, out_sz, OBJ_BLOB, len);
 
 	s.next_out = out_buf + hdrlen;
 	s.avail_out = out_sz - hdrlen;
@@ -1204,7 +1225,7 @@ static void stream_blob(uintmax_t len, unsigned char *sha1out, uintmax_t mark)
 			if (!n && feof(stdin))
 				die("EOF in data (%" PRIuMAX " bytes remaining)", len);
 
-			git_SHA1_Update(&c, in_buf, n);
+			the_hash_algo->update_fn(&c, in_buf, n);
 			s.next_in = in_buf;
 			s.avail_in = n;
 			len -= n;
@@ -1214,7 +1235,7 @@ static void stream_blob(uintmax_t len, unsigned char *sha1out, uintmax_t mark)
 
 		if (!s.avail_out || status == Z_STREAM_END) {
 			size_t n = s.next_out - out_buf;
-			sha1write(pack_file, out_buf, n);
+			hashwrite(pack_file, out_buf, n);
 			pack_size += n;
 			s.next_out = out_buf;
 			s.avail_out = out_sz;
@@ -1230,12 +1251,12 @@ static void stream_blob(uintmax_t len, unsigned char *sha1out, uintmax_t mark)
 		}
 	}
 	git_deflate_end(&s);
-	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &c);
+	the_hash_algo->final_fn(oid.hash, &c);
 
-	if (sha1out)
-		hashcpy(sha1out, sha1);
+	if (oidout)
+		oidcpy(oidout, &oid);
 
-	e = insert_object(sha1);
+	e = insert_object(&oid);
 
 	if (mark)
 		insert_mark(mark, e);
@@ -1244,7 +1265,8 @@ static void stream_blob(uintmax_t len, unsigned char *sha1out, uintmax_t mark)
 		duplicate_count_by_type[OBJ_BLOB]++;
 		truncate_pack(&checkpoint);
 
-	} else if (find_sha1_pack(sha1, packed_git)) {
+	} else if (find_sha1_pack(oid.hash,
+				  get_packed_git(the_repository))) {
 		e->type = OBJ_BLOB;
 		e->pack_id = MAX_PACK_ID;
 		e->idx.offset = 1; /* just not zero! */
@@ -1289,27 +1311,27 @@ static void *gfi_unpack_entry(
 {
 	enum object_type type;
 	struct packed_git *p = all_packs[oe->pack_id];
-	if (p == pack_data && p->pack_size < (pack_size + 20)) {
+	if (p == pack_data && p->pack_size < (pack_size + the_hash_algo->rawsz)) {
 		/* The object is stored in the packfile we are writing to
 		 * and we have modified it since the last time we scanned
 		 * back to read a previously written object.  If an old
-		 * window covered [p->pack_size, p->pack_size + 20) its
+		 * window covered [p->pack_size, p->pack_size + rawsz) its
 		 * data is stale and is not valid.  Closing all windows
 		 * and updating the packfile length ensures we can read
 		 * the newly written data.
 		 */
 		close_pack_windows(p);
-		sha1flush(pack_file);
+		hashflush(pack_file);
 
-		/* We have to offer 20 bytes additional on the end of
+		/* We have to offer rawsz bytes additional on the end of
 		 * the packfile as the core unpacker code assumes the
 		 * footer is present at the file end and must promise
-		 * at least 20 bytes within any window it maps.  But
+		 * at least rawsz bytes within any window it maps.  But
 		 * we don't actually create the footer here.
 		 */
-		p->pack_size = pack_size + 20;
+		p->pack_size = pack_size + the_hash_algo->rawsz;
 	}
-	return unpack_entry(p, oe->idx.offset, &type, sizep);
+	return unpack_entry(the_repository, p, oe->idx.offset, &type, sizep);
 }
 
 static const char *get_mode(const char *str, uint16_t *modep)
@@ -1328,7 +1350,7 @@ static const char *get_mode(const char *str, uint16_t *modep)
 
 static void load_tree(struct tree_entry *root)
 {
-	unsigned char *sha1 = root->versions[1].sha1;
+	struct object_id *oid = &root->versions[1].oid;
 	struct object_entry *myoe;
 	struct tree_content *t;
 	unsigned long size;
@@ -1336,22 +1358,22 @@ static void load_tree(struct tree_entry *root)
 	const char *c;
 
 	root->tree = t = new_tree_content(8);
-	if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
+	if (is_null_oid(oid))
 		return;
 
-	myoe = find_object(sha1);
+	myoe = find_object(oid);
 	if (myoe && myoe->pack_id != MAX_PACK_ID) {
 		if (myoe->type != OBJ_TREE)
-			die("Not a tree: %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die("Not a tree: %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
 		t->delta_depth = myoe->depth;
 		buf = gfi_unpack_entry(myoe, &size);
 		if (!buf)
-			die("Can't load tree %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die("Can't load tree %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
 	} else {
 		enum object_type type;
-		buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+		buf = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
 		if (!buf || type != OBJ_TREE)
-			die("Can't load tree %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die("Can't load tree %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
 	}
 
 	c = buf;
@@ -1365,13 +1387,13 @@ static void load_tree(struct tree_entry *root)
 		e->tree = NULL;
 		c = get_mode(c, &e->versions[1].mode);
 		if (!c)
-			die("Corrupt mode in %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die("Corrupt mode in %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
 		e->versions[0].mode = e->versions[1].mode;
 		e->name = to_atom(c, strlen(c));
 		c += e->name->str_len + 1;
-		hashcpy(e->versions[0].sha1, (unsigned char *)c);
-		hashcpy(e->versions[1].sha1, (unsigned char *)c);
-		c += 20;
+		hashcpy(e->versions[0].oid.hash, (unsigned char *)c);
+		hashcpy(e->versions[1].oid.hash, (unsigned char *)c);
+		c += GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ;
 	}
 	free(buf);
 }
@@ -1400,9 +1422,9 @@ static void mktree(struct tree_content *t, int v, struct strbuf *b)
 	unsigned int i;
 
 	if (!v)
-		qsort(t->entries,t->entry_count,sizeof(t->entries[0]),tecmp0);
+		QSORT(t->entries, t->entry_count, tecmp0);
 	else
-		qsort(t->entries,t->entry_count,sizeof(t->entries[0]),tecmp1);
+		QSORT(t->entries, t->entry_count, tecmp1);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < t->entry_count; i++) {
 		if (t->entries[i]->versions[v].mode)
@@ -1418,7 +1440,7 @@ static void mktree(struct tree_content *t, int v, struct strbuf *b)
 		strbuf_addf(b, "%o %s%c",
 			(unsigned int)(e->versions[v].mode & ~NO_DELTA),
 			e->name->str_dat, '\0');
-		strbuf_add(b, e->versions[v].sha1, 20);
+		strbuf_add(b, e->versions[v].oid.hash, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1429,7 +1451,7 @@ static void store_tree(struct tree_entry *root)
 	struct last_object lo = { STRBUF_INIT, 0, 0, /* no_swap */ 1 };
 	struct object_entry *le = NULL;
 
-	if (!is_null_sha1(root->versions[1].sha1))
+	if (!is_null_oid(&root->versions[1].oid))
 		return;
 
 	if (!root->tree)
@@ -1442,7 +1464,7 @@ static void store_tree(struct tree_entry *root)
 	}
 
 	if (!(root->versions[0].mode & NO_DELTA))
-		le = find_object(root->versions[0].sha1);
+		le = find_object(&root->versions[0].oid);
 	if (S_ISDIR(root->versions[0].mode) && le && le->pack_id == pack_id) {
 		mktree(t, 0, &old_tree);
 		lo.data = old_tree;
@@ -1451,14 +1473,14 @@ static void store_tree(struct tree_entry *root)
 	}
 
 	mktree(t, 1, &new_tree);
-	store_object(OBJ_TREE, &new_tree, &lo, root->versions[1].sha1, 0);
+	store_object(OBJ_TREE, &new_tree, &lo, &root->versions[1].oid, 0);
 
 	t->delta_depth = lo.depth;
 	for (i = 0, j = 0, del = 0; i < t->entry_count; i++) {
 		struct tree_entry *e = t->entries[i];
 		if (e->versions[1].mode) {
 			e->versions[0].mode = e->versions[1].mode;
-			hashcpy(e->versions[0].sha1, e->versions[1].sha1);
+			oidcpy(&e->versions[0].oid, &e->versions[1].oid);
 			t->entries[j++] = e;
 		} else {
 			release_tree_entry(e);
@@ -1470,14 +1492,14 @@ static void store_tree(struct tree_entry *root)
 
 static void tree_content_replace(
 	struct tree_entry *root,
-	const unsigned char *sha1,
+	const struct object_id *oid,
 	const uint16_t mode,
 	struct tree_content *newtree)
 {
 	if (!S_ISDIR(mode))
 		die("Root cannot be a non-directory");
-	hashclr(root->versions[0].sha1);
-	hashcpy(root->versions[1].sha1, sha1);
+	oidclr(&root->versions[0].oid);
+	oidcpy(&root->versions[1].oid, oid);
 	if (root->tree)
 		release_tree_content_recursive(root->tree);
 	root->tree = newtree;
@@ -1486,7 +1508,7 @@ static void tree_content_replace(
 static int tree_content_set(
 	struct tree_entry *root,
 	const char *p,
-	const unsigned char *sha1,
+	const struct object_id *oid,
 	const uint16_t mode,
 	struct tree_content *subtree)
 {
@@ -1507,14 +1529,14 @@ static int tree_content_set(
 	t = root->tree;
 	for (i = 0; i < t->entry_count; i++) {
 		e = t->entries[i];
-		if (e->name->str_len == n && !strncmp_icase(p, e->name->str_dat, n)) {
+		if (e->name->str_len == n && !fspathncmp(p, e->name->str_dat, n)) {
 			if (!*slash1) {
 				if (!S_ISDIR(mode)
 						&& e->versions[1].mode == mode
-						&& !hashcmp(e->versions[1].sha1, sha1))
+						&& !oidcmp(&e->versions[1].oid, oid))
 					return 0;
 				e->versions[1].mode = mode;
-				hashcpy(e->versions[1].sha1, sha1);
+				oidcpy(&e->versions[1].oid, oid);
 				if (e->tree)
 					release_tree_content_recursive(e->tree);
 				e->tree = subtree;
@@ -1535,7 +1557,7 @@ static int tree_content_set(
 				if (S_ISDIR(e->versions[0].mode))
 					e->versions[0].mode |= NO_DELTA;
 
-				hashclr(root->versions[1].sha1);
+				oidclr(&root->versions[1].oid);
 				return 1;
 			}
 			if (!S_ISDIR(e->versions[1].mode)) {
@@ -1544,8 +1566,8 @@ static int tree_content_set(
 			}
 			if (!e->tree)
 				load_tree(e);
-			if (tree_content_set(e, slash1 + 1, sha1, mode, subtree)) {
-				hashclr(root->versions[1].sha1);
+			if (tree_content_set(e, slash1 + 1, oid, mode, subtree)) {
+				oidclr(&root->versions[1].oid);
 				return 1;
 			}
 			return 0;
@@ -1557,18 +1579,18 @@ static int tree_content_set(
 	e = new_tree_entry();
 	e->name = to_atom(p, n);
 	e->versions[0].mode = 0;
-	hashclr(e->versions[0].sha1);
+	oidclr(&e->versions[0].oid);
 	t->entries[t->entry_count++] = e;
 	if (*slash1) {
 		e->tree = new_tree_content(8);
 		e->versions[1].mode = S_IFDIR;
-		tree_content_set(e, slash1 + 1, sha1, mode, subtree);
+		tree_content_set(e, slash1 + 1, oid, mode, subtree);
 	} else {
 		e->tree = subtree;
 		e->versions[1].mode = mode;
-		hashcpy(e->versions[1].sha1, sha1);
+		oidcpy(&e->versions[1].oid, oid);
 	}
-	hashclr(root->versions[1].sha1);
+	oidclr(&root->versions[1].oid);
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -1597,7 +1619,7 @@ static int tree_content_remove(
 	t = root->tree;
 	for (i = 0; i < t->entry_count; i++) {
 		e = t->entries[i];
-		if (e->name->str_len == n && !strncmp_icase(p, e->name->str_dat, n)) {
+		if (e->name->str_len == n && !fspathncmp(p, e->name->str_dat, n)) {
 			if (*slash1 && !S_ISDIR(e->versions[1].mode))
 				/*
 				 * If p names a file in some subdirectory, and a
@@ -1613,7 +1635,7 @@ static int tree_content_remove(
 			if (tree_content_remove(e, slash1 + 1, backup_leaf, 0)) {
 				for (n = 0; n < e->tree->entry_count; n++) {
 					if (e->tree->entries[n]->versions[1].mode) {
-						hashclr(root->versions[1].sha1);
+						oidclr(&root->versions[1].oid);
 						return 1;
 					}
 				}
@@ -1632,8 +1654,8 @@ del_entry:
 		release_tree_content_recursive(e->tree);
 	e->tree = NULL;
 	e->versions[1].mode = 0;
-	hashclr(e->versions[1].sha1);
-	hashclr(root->versions[1].sha1);
+	oidclr(&e->versions[1].oid);
+	oidclr(&root->versions[1].oid);
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -1664,7 +1686,7 @@ static int tree_content_get(
 	t = root->tree;
 	for (i = 0; i < t->entry_count; i++) {
 		e = t->entries[i];
-		if (e->name->str_len == n && !strncmp_icase(p, e->name->str_dat, n)) {
+		if (e->name->str_len == n && !fspathncmp(p, e->name->str_dat, n)) {
 			if (!*slash1)
 				goto found_entry;
 			if (!S_ISDIR(e->versions[1].mode))
@@ -1678,7 +1700,7 @@ static int tree_content_get(
 
 found_entry:
 	memcpy(leaf, e, sizeof(*leaf));
-	if (e->tree && is_null_sha1(e->versions[1].sha1))
+	if (e->tree && is_null_oid(&e->versions[1].oid))
 		leaf->tree = dup_tree_content(e->tree);
 	else
 		leaf->tree = NULL;
@@ -1689,34 +1711,37 @@ static int update_branch(struct branch *b)
 {
 	static const char *msg = "fast-import";
 	struct ref_transaction *transaction;
-	unsigned char old_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id old_oid;
 	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	if (read_ref(b->name, old_sha1))
-		hashclr(old_sha1);
-	if (is_null_sha1(b->sha1)) {
+	if (is_null_oid(&b->oid)) {
 		if (b->delete)
-			delete_ref(b->name, old_sha1, 0);
+			delete_ref(NULL, b->name, NULL, 0);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if (!force_update && !is_null_sha1(old_sha1)) {
+	if (read_ref(b->name, &old_oid))
+		oidclr(&old_oid);
+	if (!force_update && !is_null_oid(&old_oid)) {
 		struct commit *old_cmit, *new_cmit;
 
-		old_cmit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(old_sha1, 0);
-		new_cmit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(b->sha1, 0);
+		old_cmit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository,
+							  &old_oid, 0);
+		new_cmit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository,
+							  &b->oid, 0);
 		if (!old_cmit || !new_cmit)
 			return error("Branch %s is missing commits.", b->name);
 
 		if (!in_merge_bases(old_cmit, new_cmit)) {
 			warning("Not updating %s"
 				" (new tip %s does not contain %s)",
-				b->name, sha1_to_hex(b->sha1), sha1_to_hex(old_sha1));
+				b->name, oid_to_hex(&b->oid),
+				oid_to_hex(&old_oid));
 			return -1;
 		}
 	}
 	transaction = ref_transaction_begin(&err);
 	if (!transaction ||
-	    ref_transaction_update(transaction, b->name, b->sha1, old_sha1,
+	    ref_transaction_update(transaction, b->name, &b->oid, &old_oid,
 				   0, msg, &err) ||
 	    ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err)) {
 		ref_transaction_free(transaction);
@@ -1758,7 +1783,7 @@ static void dump_tags(void)
 		strbuf_addf(&ref_name, "refs/tags/%s", t->name);
 
 		if (ref_transaction_update(transaction, ref_name.buf,
-					   t->sha1, NULL, 0, msg, &err)) {
+					   &t->oid, NULL, 0, msg, &err)) {
 			failure |= error("%s", err.buf);
 			goto cleanup;
 		}
@@ -1787,22 +1812,22 @@ static void dump_marks_helper(FILE *f,
 		for (k = 0; k < 1024; k++) {
 			if (m->data.marked[k])
 				fprintf(f, ":%" PRIuMAX " %s\n", base + k,
-					sha1_to_hex(m->data.marked[k]->idx.sha1));
+					oid_to_hex(&m->data.marked[k]->idx.oid));
 		}
 	}
 }
 
 static void dump_marks(void)
 {
-	static struct lock_file mark_lock;
+	struct lock_file mark_lock = LOCK_INIT;
 	FILE *f;
 
-	if (!export_marks_file)
+	if (!export_marks_file || (import_marks_file && !import_marks_file_done))
 		return;
 
 	if (hold_lock_file_for_update(&mark_lock, export_marks_file, 0) < 0) {
-		failure |= error("Unable to write marks file %s: %s",
-			export_marks_file, strerror(errno));
+		failure |= error_errno("Unable to write marks file %s",
+				       export_marks_file);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -1817,8 +1842,8 @@ static void dump_marks(void)
 
 	dump_marks_helper(f, 0, marks);
 	if (commit_lock_file(&mark_lock)) {
-		failure |= error("Unable to commit marks file %s: %s",
-			export_marks_file, strerror(errno));
+		failure |= error_errno("Unable to write file %s",
+				       export_marks_file);
 		return;
 	}
 }
@@ -1830,13 +1855,13 @@ static void read_marks(void)
 	if (f)
 		;
 	else if (import_marks_file_ignore_missing && errno == ENOENT)
-		return; /* Marks file does not exist */
+		goto done; /* Marks file does not exist */
 	else
 		die_errno("cannot read '%s'", import_marks_file);
 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
 		uintmax_t mark;
 		char *end;
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		struct object_entry *e;
 
 		end = strchr(line, '\n');
@@ -1845,14 +1870,15 @@ static void read_marks(void)
 		*end = 0;
 		mark = strtoumax(line + 1, &end, 10);
 		if (!mark || end == line + 1
-			|| *end != ' ' || get_sha1_hex(end + 1, sha1))
+			|| *end != ' ' || get_oid_hex(end + 1, &oid))
 			die("corrupt mark line: %s", line);
-		e = find_object(sha1);
+		e = find_object(&oid);
 		if (!e) {
-			enum object_type type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+			enum object_type type = oid_object_info(the_repository,
+								&oid, NULL);
 			if (type < 0)
-				die("object not found: %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-			e = insert_object(sha1);
+				die("object not found: %s", oid_to_hex(&oid));
+			e = insert_object(&oid);
 			e->type = type;
 			e->pack_id = MAX_PACK_ID;
 			e->idx.offset = 1; /* just not zero! */
@@ -1860,6 +1886,8 @@ static void read_marks(void)
 		insert_mark(mark, e);
 	}
 	fclose(f);
+done:
+	import_marks_file_done = 1;
 }
 
 
@@ -1881,7 +1909,7 @@ static int read_next_command(void)
 			struct recent_command *rc;
 
 			strbuf_detach(&command_buf, NULL);
-			stdin_eof = strbuf_getline(&command_buf, stdin, '\n');
+			stdin_eof = strbuf_getline_lf(&command_buf, stdin);
 			if (stdin_eof)
 				return EOF;
 
@@ -1907,6 +1935,10 @@ static int read_next_command(void)
 			rc->prev->next = rc;
 			cmd_tail = rc;
 		}
+		if (skip_prefix(command_buf.buf, "get-mark ", &p)) {
+			parse_get_mark(p);
+			continue;
+		}
 		if (skip_prefix(command_buf.buf, "cat-blob ", &p)) {
 			parse_cat_blob(p);
 			continue;
@@ -1949,7 +1981,7 @@ static int parse_data(struct strbuf *sb, uintmax_t limit, uintmax_t *len_res)
 
 		strbuf_detach(&command_buf, NULL);
 		for (;;) {
-			if (strbuf_getline(&command_buf, stdin, '\n') == EOF)
+			if (strbuf_getline_lf(&command_buf, stdin) == EOF)
 				die("EOF in data (terminator '%s' not found)", term);
 			if (term_len == command_buf.len
 				&& !strcmp(term, command_buf.buf))
@@ -2054,21 +2086,21 @@ static char *parse_ident(const char *buf)
 
 static void parse_and_store_blob(
 	struct last_object *last,
-	unsigned char *sha1out,
+	struct object_id *oidout,
 	uintmax_t mark)
 {
 	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	uintmax_t len;
 
 	if (parse_data(&buf, big_file_threshold, &len))
-		store_object(OBJ_BLOB, &buf, last, sha1out, mark);
+		store_object(OBJ_BLOB, &buf, last, oidout, mark);
 	else {
 		if (last) {
 			strbuf_release(&last->data);
 			last->offset = 0;
 			last->depth = 0;
 		}
-		stream_blob(len, sha1out, mark);
+		stream_blob(len, oidout, mark);
 		skip_optional_lf();
 	}
 }
@@ -2136,7 +2168,7 @@ static void construct_path_with_fanout(const char *hex_sha1,
 		unsigned char fanout, char *path)
 {
 	unsigned int i = 0, j = 0;
-	if (fanout >= 20)
+	if (fanout >= the_hash_algo->rawsz)
 		die("Too large fanout (%u)", fanout);
 	while (fanout) {
 		path[i++] = hex_sha1[j++];
@@ -2144,26 +2176,30 @@ static void construct_path_with_fanout(const char *hex_sha1,
 		path[i++] = '/';
 		fanout--;
 	}
-	memcpy(path + i, hex_sha1 + j, 40 - j);
-	path[i + 40 - j] = '\0';
+	memcpy(path + i, hex_sha1 + j, the_hash_algo->hexsz - j);
+	path[i + the_hash_algo->hexsz - j] = '\0';
 }
 
 static uintmax_t do_change_note_fanout(
 		struct tree_entry *orig_root, struct tree_entry *root,
-		char *hex_sha1, unsigned int hex_sha1_len,
+		char *hex_oid, unsigned int hex_oid_len,
 		char *fullpath, unsigned int fullpath_len,
 		unsigned char fanout)
 {
-	struct tree_content *t = root->tree;
+	struct tree_content *t;
 	struct tree_entry *e, leaf;
-	unsigned int i, tmp_hex_sha1_len, tmp_fullpath_len;
+	unsigned int i, tmp_hex_oid_len, tmp_fullpath_len;
 	uintmax_t num_notes = 0;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	char realpath[60];
 
+	if (!root->tree)
+		load_tree(root);
+	t = root->tree;
+
 	for (i = 0; t && i < t->entry_count; i++) {
 		e = t->entries[i];
-		tmp_hex_sha1_len = hex_sha1_len + e->name->str_len;
+		tmp_hex_oid_len = hex_oid_len + e->name->str_len;
 		tmp_fullpath_len = fullpath_len;
 
 		/*
@@ -2175,12 +2211,12 @@ static uintmax_t do_change_note_fanout(
 		 * of 2 chars.
 		 */
 		if (!e->versions[1].mode ||
-		    tmp_hex_sha1_len > 40 ||
+		    tmp_hex_oid_len > GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ ||
 		    e->name->str_len % 2)
 			continue;
 
 		/* This _may_ be a note entry, or a subdir containing notes */
-		memcpy(hex_sha1 + hex_sha1_len, e->name->str_dat,
+		memcpy(hex_oid + hex_oid_len, e->name->str_dat,
 		       e->name->str_len);
 		if (tmp_fullpath_len)
 			fullpath[tmp_fullpath_len++] = '/';
@@ -2189,14 +2225,14 @@ static uintmax_t do_change_note_fanout(
 		tmp_fullpath_len += e->name->str_len;
 		fullpath[tmp_fullpath_len] = '\0';
 
-		if (tmp_hex_sha1_len == 40 && !get_sha1_hex(hex_sha1, sha1)) {
+		if (tmp_hex_oid_len == GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ && !get_oid_hex(hex_oid, &oid)) {
 			/* This is a note entry */
 			if (fanout == 0xff) {
 				/* Counting mode, no rename */
 				num_notes++;
 				continue;
 			}
-			construct_path_with_fanout(hex_sha1, fanout, realpath);
+			construct_path_with_fanout(hex_oid, fanout, realpath);
 			if (!strcmp(fullpath, realpath)) {
 				/* Note entry is in correct location */
 				num_notes++;
@@ -2207,15 +2243,13 @@ static uintmax_t do_change_note_fanout(
 			if (!tree_content_remove(orig_root, fullpath, &leaf, 0))
 				die("Failed to remove path %s", fullpath);
 			tree_content_set(orig_root, realpath,
-				leaf.versions[1].sha1,
+				&leaf.versions[1].oid,
 				leaf.versions[1].mode,
 				leaf.tree);
 		} else if (S_ISDIR(e->versions[1].mode)) {
 			/* This is a subdir that may contain note entries */
-			if (!e->tree)
-				load_tree(e);
 			num_notes += do_change_note_fanout(orig_root, e,
-				hex_sha1, tmp_hex_sha1_len,
+				hex_oid, tmp_hex_oid_len,
 				fullpath, tmp_fullpath_len, fanout);
 		}
 
@@ -2228,8 +2262,14 @@ static uintmax_t do_change_note_fanout(
 static uintmax_t change_note_fanout(struct tree_entry *root,
 		unsigned char fanout)
 {
-	char hex_sha1[40], path[60];
-	return do_change_note_fanout(root, root, hex_sha1, 0, path, 0, fanout);
+	/*
+	 * The size of path is due to one slash between every two hex digits,
+	 * plus the terminating NUL.  Note that there is no slash at the end, so
+	 * the number of slashes is one less than half the number of hex
+	 * characters.
+	 */
+	char hex_oid[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ], path[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + (GIT_MAX_HEXSZ / 2) - 1 + 1];
+	return do_change_note_fanout(root, root, hex_oid, 0, path, 0, fanout);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2290,7 +2330,7 @@ static void file_change_m(const char *p, struct branch *b)
 	static struct strbuf uq = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *endp;
 	struct object_entry *oe;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	uint16_t mode, inline_data = 0;
 
 	p = get_mode(p, &mode);
@@ -2313,15 +2353,14 @@ static void file_change_m(const char *p, struct branch *b)
 
 	if (*p == ':') {
 		oe = find_mark(parse_mark_ref_space(&p));
-		hashcpy(sha1, oe->idx.sha1);
+		oidcpy(&oid, &oe->idx.oid);
 	} else if (skip_prefix(p, "inline ", &p)) {
 		inline_data = 1;
 		oe = NULL; /* not used with inline_data, but makes gcc happy */
 	} else {
-		if (get_sha1_hex(p, sha1))
+		if (parse_oid_hex(p, &oid, &p))
 			die("Invalid dataref: %s", command_buf.buf);
-		oe = find_object(sha1);
-		p += 40;
+		oe = find_object(&oid);
 		if (*p++ != ' ')
 			die("Missing space after SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
 	}
@@ -2334,7 +2373,7 @@ static void file_change_m(const char *p, struct branch *b)
 	}
 
 	/* Git does not track empty, non-toplevel directories. */
-	if (S_ISDIR(mode) && !hashcmp(sha1, EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN) && *p) {
+	if (S_ISDIR(mode) && is_empty_tree_oid(&oid) && *p) {
 		tree_content_remove(&b->branch_tree, p, NULL, 0);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -2346,7 +2385,7 @@ static void file_change_m(const char *p, struct branch *b)
 		else if (oe) {
 			if (oe->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 				die("Not a commit (actually a %s): %s",
-					typename(oe->type), command_buf.buf);
+					type_name(oe->type), command_buf.buf);
 		}
 		/*
 		 * Accept the sha1 without checking; it expected to be in
@@ -2361,27 +2400,28 @@ static void file_change_m(const char *p, struct branch *b)
 			p = uq.buf;
 		}
 		read_next_command();
-		parse_and_store_blob(&last_blob, sha1, 0);
+		parse_and_store_blob(&last_blob, &oid, 0);
 	} else {
 		enum object_type expected = S_ISDIR(mode) ?
 						OBJ_TREE: OBJ_BLOB;
 		enum object_type type = oe ? oe->type :
-					sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+					oid_object_info(the_repository, &oid,
+							NULL);
 		if (type < 0)
 			die("%s not found: %s",
 					S_ISDIR(mode) ?  "Tree" : "Blob",
 					command_buf.buf);
 		if (type != expected)
 			die("Not a %s (actually a %s): %s",
-				typename(expected), typename(type),
+				type_name(expected), type_name(type),
 				command_buf.buf);
 	}
 
 	if (!*p) {
-		tree_content_replace(&b->branch_tree, sha1, mode, NULL);
+		tree_content_replace(&b->branch_tree, &oid, mode, NULL);
 		return;
 	}
-	tree_content_set(&b->branch_tree, p, sha1, mode, NULL);
+	tree_content_set(&b->branch_tree, p, &oid, mode, NULL);
 }
 
 static void file_change_d(const char *p, struct branch *b)
@@ -2439,13 +2479,13 @@ static void file_change_cr(const char *s, struct branch *b, int rename)
 		die("Path %s not in branch", s);
 	if (!*d) {	/* C "path/to/subdir" "" */
 		tree_content_replace(&b->branch_tree,
-			leaf.versions[1].sha1,
+			&leaf.versions[1].oid,
 			leaf.versions[1].mode,
 			leaf.tree);
 		return;
 	}
 	tree_content_set(&b->branch_tree, d,
-		leaf.versions[1].sha1,
+		&leaf.versions[1].oid,
 		leaf.versions[1].mode,
 		leaf.tree);
 }
@@ -2455,7 +2495,7 @@ static void note_change_n(const char *p, struct branch *b, unsigned char *old_fa
 	static struct strbuf uq = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct object_entry *oe;
 	struct branch *s;
-	unsigned char sha1[20], commit_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid, commit_oid;
 	char path[60];
 	uint16_t inline_data = 0;
 	unsigned char new_fanout;
@@ -2480,15 +2520,14 @@ static void note_change_n(const char *p, struct branch *b, unsigned char *old_fa
 	/* <dataref> or 'inline' */
 	if (*p == ':') {
 		oe = find_mark(parse_mark_ref_space(&p));
-		hashcpy(sha1, oe->idx.sha1);
+		oidcpy(&oid, &oe->idx.oid);
 	} else if (skip_prefix(p, "inline ", &p)) {
 		inline_data = 1;
 		oe = NULL; /* not used with inline_data, but makes gcc happy */
 	} else {
-		if (get_sha1_hex(p, sha1))
+		if (parse_oid_hex(p, &oid, &p))
 			die("Invalid dataref: %s", command_buf.buf);
-		oe = find_object(sha1);
-		p += 40;
+		oe = find_object(&oid);
 		if (*p++ != ' ')
 			die("Missing space after SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
 	}
@@ -2496,19 +2535,20 @@ static void note_change_n(const char *p, struct branch *b, unsigned char *old_fa
 	/* <commit-ish> */
 	s = lookup_branch(p);
 	if (s) {
-		if (is_null_sha1(s->sha1))
+		if (is_null_oid(&s->oid))
 			die("Can't add a note on empty branch.");
-		hashcpy(commit_sha1, s->sha1);
+		oidcpy(&commit_oid, &s->oid);
 	} else if (*p == ':') {
 		uintmax_t commit_mark = parse_mark_ref_eol(p);
 		struct object_entry *commit_oe = find_mark(commit_mark);
 		if (commit_oe->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 			die("Mark :%" PRIuMAX " not a commit", commit_mark);
-		hashcpy(commit_sha1, commit_oe->idx.sha1);
-	} else if (!get_sha1(p, commit_sha1)) {
+		oidcpy(&commit_oid, &commit_oe->idx.oid);
+	} else if (!get_oid(p, &commit_oid)) {
 		unsigned long size;
-		char *buf = read_object_with_reference(commit_sha1,
-			commit_type, &size, commit_sha1);
+		char *buf = read_object_with_reference(&commit_oid,
+						       commit_type, &size,
+						       &commit_oid);
 		if (!buf || size < 46)
 			die("Not a valid commit: %s", p);
 		free(buf);
@@ -2521,64 +2561,65 @@ static void note_change_n(const char *p, struct branch *b, unsigned char *old_fa
 			p = uq.buf;
 		}
 		read_next_command();
-		parse_and_store_blob(&last_blob, sha1, 0);
+		parse_and_store_blob(&last_blob, &oid, 0);
 	} else if (oe) {
 		if (oe->type != OBJ_BLOB)
 			die("Not a blob (actually a %s): %s",
-				typename(oe->type), command_buf.buf);
-	} else if (!is_null_sha1(sha1)) {
-		enum object_type type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+				type_name(oe->type), command_buf.buf);
+	} else if (!is_null_oid(&oid)) {
+		enum object_type type = oid_object_info(the_repository, &oid,
+							NULL);
 		if (type < 0)
 			die("Blob not found: %s", command_buf.buf);
 		if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
 			die("Not a blob (actually a %s): %s",
-			    typename(type), command_buf.buf);
+			    type_name(type), command_buf.buf);
 	}
 
-	construct_path_with_fanout(sha1_to_hex(commit_sha1), *old_fanout, path);
+	construct_path_with_fanout(oid_to_hex(&commit_oid), *old_fanout, path);
 	if (tree_content_remove(&b->branch_tree, path, NULL, 0))
 		b->num_notes--;
 
-	if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
+	if (is_null_oid(&oid))
 		return; /* nothing to insert */
 
 	b->num_notes++;
 	new_fanout = convert_num_notes_to_fanout(b->num_notes);
-	construct_path_with_fanout(sha1_to_hex(commit_sha1), new_fanout, path);
-	tree_content_set(&b->branch_tree, path, sha1, S_IFREG | 0644, NULL);
+	construct_path_with_fanout(oid_to_hex(&commit_oid), new_fanout, path);
+	tree_content_set(&b->branch_tree, path, &oid, S_IFREG | 0644, NULL);
 }
 
 static void file_change_deleteall(struct branch *b)
 {
 	release_tree_content_recursive(b->branch_tree.tree);
-	hashclr(b->branch_tree.versions[0].sha1);
-	hashclr(b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1);
+	oidclr(&b->branch_tree.versions[0].oid);
+	oidclr(&b->branch_tree.versions[1].oid);
 	load_tree(&b->branch_tree);
 	b->num_notes = 0;
 }
 
 static void parse_from_commit(struct branch *b, char *buf, unsigned long size)
 {
-	if (!buf || size < 46)
-		die("Not a valid commit: %s", sha1_to_hex(b->sha1));
+	if (!buf || size < GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 6)
+		die("Not a valid commit: %s", oid_to_hex(&b->oid));
 	if (memcmp("tree ", buf, 5)
-		|| get_sha1_hex(buf + 5, b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1))
-		die("The commit %s is corrupt", sha1_to_hex(b->sha1));
-	hashcpy(b->branch_tree.versions[0].sha1,
-		b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1);
+		|| get_oid_hex(buf + 5, &b->branch_tree.versions[1].oid))
+		die("The commit %s is corrupt", oid_to_hex(&b->oid));
+	oidcpy(&b->branch_tree.versions[0].oid,
+	       &b->branch_tree.versions[1].oid);
 }
 
 static void parse_from_existing(struct branch *b)
 {
-	if (is_null_sha1(b->sha1)) {
-		hashclr(b->branch_tree.versions[0].sha1);
-		hashclr(b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1);
+	if (is_null_oid(&b->oid)) {
+		oidclr(&b->branch_tree.versions[0].oid);
+		oidclr(&b->branch_tree.versions[1].oid);
 	} else {
 		unsigned long size;
 		char *buf;
 
-		buf = read_object_with_reference(b->sha1,
-			commit_type, &size, b->sha1);
+		buf = read_object_with_reference(&b->oid, commit_type, &size,
+						 &b->oid);
 		parse_from_commit(b, buf, size);
 		free(buf);
 	}
@@ -2588,44 +2629,49 @@ static int parse_from(struct branch *b)
 {
 	const char *from;
 	struct branch *s;
+	struct object_id oid;
 
 	if (!skip_prefix(command_buf.buf, "from ", &from))
 		return 0;
 
-	if (b->branch_tree.tree) {
-		release_tree_content_recursive(b->branch_tree.tree);
-		b->branch_tree.tree = NULL;
-	}
+	oidcpy(&oid, &b->branch_tree.versions[1].oid);
 
 	s = lookup_branch(from);
 	if (b == s)
 		die("Can't create a branch from itself: %s", b->name);
 	else if (s) {
-		unsigned char *t = s->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1;
-		hashcpy(b->sha1, s->sha1);
-		hashcpy(b->branch_tree.versions[0].sha1, t);
-		hashcpy(b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1, t);
+		struct object_id *t = &s->branch_tree.versions[1].oid;
+		oidcpy(&b->oid, &s->oid);
+		oidcpy(&b->branch_tree.versions[0].oid, t);
+		oidcpy(&b->branch_tree.versions[1].oid, t);
 	} else if (*from == ':') {
 		uintmax_t idnum = parse_mark_ref_eol(from);
 		struct object_entry *oe = find_mark(idnum);
 		if (oe->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 			die("Mark :%" PRIuMAX " not a commit", idnum);
-		hashcpy(b->sha1, oe->idx.sha1);
-		if (oe->pack_id != MAX_PACK_ID) {
-			unsigned long size;
-			char *buf = gfi_unpack_entry(oe, &size);
-			parse_from_commit(b, buf, size);
-			free(buf);
-		} else
-			parse_from_existing(b);
-	} else if (!get_sha1(from, b->sha1)) {
+		if (oidcmp(&b->oid, &oe->idx.oid)) {
+			oidcpy(&b->oid, &oe->idx.oid);
+			if (oe->pack_id != MAX_PACK_ID) {
+				unsigned long size;
+				char *buf = gfi_unpack_entry(oe, &size);
+				parse_from_commit(b, buf, size);
+				free(buf);
+			} else
+				parse_from_existing(b);
+		}
+	} else if (!get_oid(from, &b->oid)) {
 		parse_from_existing(b);
-		if (is_null_sha1(b->sha1))
+		if (is_null_oid(&b->oid))
 			b->delete = 1;
 	}
 	else
 		die("Invalid ref name or SHA1 expression: %s", from);
 
+	if (b->branch_tree.tree && oidcmp(&oid, &b->branch_tree.versions[1].oid)) {
+		release_tree_content_recursive(b->branch_tree.tree);
+		b->branch_tree.tree = NULL;
+	}
+
 	read_next_command();
 	return 1;
 }
@@ -2641,17 +2687,18 @@ static struct hash_list *parse_merge(unsigned int *count)
 		n = xmalloc(sizeof(*n));
 		s = lookup_branch(from);
 		if (s)
-			hashcpy(n->sha1, s->sha1);
+			oidcpy(&n->oid, &s->oid);
 		else if (*from == ':') {
 			uintmax_t idnum = parse_mark_ref_eol(from);
 			struct object_entry *oe = find_mark(idnum);
 			if (oe->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 				die("Mark :%" PRIuMAX " not a commit", idnum);
-			hashcpy(n->sha1, oe->idx.sha1);
-		} else if (!get_sha1(from, n->sha1)) {
+			oidcpy(&n->oid, &oe->idx.oid);
+		} else if (!get_oid(from, &n->oid)) {
 			unsigned long size;
-			char *buf = read_object_with_reference(n->sha1,
-				commit_type, &size, n->sha1);
+			char *buf = read_object_with_reference(&n->oid,
+							       commit_type,
+							       &size, &n->oid);
 			if (!buf || size < 46)
 				die("Not a valid commit: %s", from);
 			free(buf);
@@ -2738,17 +2785,19 @@ static void parse_new_commit(const char *arg)
 
 	/* build the tree and the commit */
 	store_tree(&b->branch_tree);
-	hashcpy(b->branch_tree.versions[0].sha1,
-		b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1);
+	oidcpy(&b->branch_tree.versions[0].oid,
+	       &b->branch_tree.versions[1].oid);
 
 	strbuf_reset(&new_data);
 	strbuf_addf(&new_data, "tree %s\n",
-		sha1_to_hex(b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1));
-	if (!is_null_sha1(b->sha1))
-		strbuf_addf(&new_data, "parent %s\n", sha1_to_hex(b->sha1));
+		oid_to_hex(&b->branch_tree.versions[1].oid));
+	if (!is_null_oid(&b->oid))
+		strbuf_addf(&new_data, "parent %s\n",
+			    oid_to_hex(&b->oid));
 	while (merge_list) {
 		struct hash_list *next = merge_list->next;
-		strbuf_addf(&new_data, "parent %s\n", sha1_to_hex(merge_list->sha1));
+		strbuf_addf(&new_data, "parent %s\n",
+			    oid_to_hex(&merge_list->oid));
 		free(merge_list);
 		merge_list = next;
 	}
@@ -2761,7 +2810,7 @@ static void parse_new_commit(const char *arg)
 	free(author);
 	free(committer);
 
-	if (!store_object(OBJ_COMMIT, &new_data, NULL, b->sha1, next_mark))
+	if (!store_object(OBJ_COMMIT, &new_data, NULL, &b->oid, next_mark))
 		b->pack_id = pack_id;
 	b->last_commit = object_count_by_type[OBJ_COMMIT];
 }
@@ -2774,11 +2823,11 @@ static void parse_new_tag(const char *arg)
 	struct branch *s;
 	struct tag *t;
 	uintmax_t from_mark = 0;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	enum object_type type;
 	const char *v;
 
-	t = pool_alloc(sizeof(struct tag));
+	t = mem_pool_alloc(&fi_mem_pool, sizeof(struct tag));
 	memset(t, 0, sizeof(struct tag));
 	t->name = pool_strdup(arg);
 	if (last_tag)
@@ -2793,20 +2842,20 @@ static void parse_new_tag(const char *arg)
 		die("Expected from command, got %s", command_buf.buf);
 	s = lookup_branch(from);
 	if (s) {
-		if (is_null_sha1(s->sha1))
+		if (is_null_oid(&s->oid))
 			die("Can't tag an empty branch.");
-		hashcpy(sha1, s->sha1);
+		oidcpy(&oid, &s->oid);
 		type = OBJ_COMMIT;
 	} else if (*from == ':') {
 		struct object_entry *oe;
 		from_mark = parse_mark_ref_eol(from);
 		oe = find_mark(from_mark);
 		type = oe->type;
-		hashcpy(sha1, oe->idx.sha1);
-	} else if (!get_sha1(from, sha1)) {
-		struct object_entry *oe = find_object(sha1);
+		oidcpy(&oid, &oe->idx.oid);
+	} else if (!get_oid(from, &oid)) {
+		struct object_entry *oe = find_object(&oid);
 		if (!oe) {
-			type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+			type = oid_object_info(the_repository, &oid, NULL);
 			if (type < 0)
 				die("Not a valid object: %s", from);
 		} else
@@ -2832,7 +2881,7 @@ static void parse_new_tag(const char *arg)
 		    "object %s\n"
 		    "type %s\n"
 		    "tag %s\n",
-		    sha1_to_hex(sha1), typename(type), t->name);
+		    oid_to_hex(&oid), type_name(type), t->name);
 	if (tagger)
 		strbuf_addf(&new_data,
 			    "tagger %s\n", tagger);
@@ -2840,7 +2889,7 @@ static void parse_new_tag(const char *arg)
 	strbuf_addbuf(&new_data, &msg);
 	free(tagger);
 
-	if (store_object(OBJ_TAG, &new_data, NULL, t->sha1, 0))
+	if (store_object(OBJ_TAG, &new_data, NULL, &t->oid, 0))
 		t->pack_id = MAX_PACK_ID;
 	else
 		t->pack_id = pack_id;
@@ -2852,9 +2901,9 @@ static void parse_reset_branch(const char *arg)
 
 	b = lookup_branch(arg);
 	if (b) {
-		hashclr(b->sha1);
-		hashclr(b->branch_tree.versions[0].sha1);
-		hashclr(b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1);
+		oidclr(&b->oid);
+		oidclr(&b->branch_tree.versions[0].oid);
+		oidclr(&b->branch_tree.versions[1].oid);
 		if (b->branch_tree.tree) {
 			release_tree_content_recursive(b->branch_tree.tree);
 			b->branch_tree.tree = NULL;
@@ -2870,11 +2919,11 @@ static void parse_reset_branch(const char *arg)
 
 static void cat_blob_write(const char *buf, unsigned long size)
 {
-	if (write_in_full(cat_blob_fd, buf, size) != size)
+	if (write_in_full(cat_blob_fd, buf, size) < 0)
 		die_errno("Write to frontend failed");
 }
 
-static void cat_blob(struct object_entry *oe, unsigned char sha1[20])
+static void cat_blob(struct object_entry *oe, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
 	unsigned long size;
@@ -2882,7 +2931,7 @@ static void cat_blob(struct object_entry *oe, unsigned char sha1[20])
 	char *buf;
 
 	if (!oe || oe->pack_id == MAX_PACK_ID) {
-		buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+		buf = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
 	} else {
 		type = oe->type;
 		buf = gfi_unpack_entry(oe, &size);
@@ -2893,20 +2942,20 @@ static void cat_blob(struct object_entry *oe, unsigned char sha1[20])
 	 */
 	if (type <= 0) {
 		strbuf_reset(&line);
-		strbuf_addf(&line, "%s missing\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		strbuf_addf(&line, "%s missing\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
 		cat_blob_write(line.buf, line.len);
 		strbuf_release(&line);
 		free(buf);
 		return;
 	}
 	if (!buf)
-		die("Can't read object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		die("Can't read object %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
 	if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
 		die("Object %s is a %s but a blob was expected.",
-		    sha1_to_hex(sha1), typename(type));
+		    oid_to_hex(oid), type_name(type));
 	strbuf_reset(&line);
-	strbuf_addf(&line, "%s %s %lu\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1),
-						typename(type), size);
+	strbuf_addf(&line, "%s %s %lu\n", oid_to_hex(oid),
+						type_name(type), size);
 	cat_blob_write(line.buf, line.len);
 	strbuf_release(&line);
 	cat_blob_write(buf, size);
@@ -2919,39 +2968,57 @@ static void cat_blob(struct object_entry *oe, unsigned char sha1[20])
 		free(buf);
 }
 
+static void parse_get_mark(const char *p)
+{
+	struct object_entry *oe;
+	char output[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 2];
+
+	/* get-mark SP <object> LF */
+	if (*p != ':')
+		die("Not a mark: %s", p);
+
+	oe = find_mark(parse_mark_ref_eol(p));
+	if (!oe)
+		die("Unknown mark: %s", command_buf.buf);
+
+	xsnprintf(output, sizeof(output), "%s\n", oid_to_hex(&oe->idx.oid));
+	cat_blob_write(output, GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1);
+}
+
 static void parse_cat_blob(const char *p)
 {
-	struct object_entry *oe = oe;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_entry *oe;
+	struct object_id oid;
 
 	/* cat-blob SP <object> LF */
 	if (*p == ':') {
 		oe = find_mark(parse_mark_ref_eol(p));
 		if (!oe)
 			die("Unknown mark: %s", command_buf.buf);
-		hashcpy(sha1, oe->idx.sha1);
+		oidcpy(&oid, &oe->idx.oid);
 	} else {
-		if (get_sha1_hex(p, sha1))
+		if (parse_oid_hex(p, &oid, &p))
 			die("Invalid dataref: %s", command_buf.buf);
-		if (p[40])
+		if (*p)
 			die("Garbage after SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
-		oe = find_object(sha1);
+		oe = find_object(&oid);
 	}
 
-	cat_blob(oe, sha1);
+	cat_blob(oe, &oid);
 }
 
 static struct object_entry *dereference(struct object_entry *oe,
-					unsigned char sha1[20])
+					struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	unsigned long size;
 	char *buf = NULL;
 	if (!oe) {
-		enum object_type type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+		enum object_type type = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid,
+							NULL);
 		if (type < 0)
-			die("object not found: %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die("object not found: %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
 		/* cache it! */
-		oe = insert_object(sha1);
+		oe = insert_object(oid);
 		oe->type = type;
 		oe->pack_id = MAX_PACK_ID;
 		oe->idx.offset = 1;
@@ -2970,49 +3037,48 @@ static struct object_entry *dereference(struct object_entry *oe,
 		buf = gfi_unpack_entry(oe, &size);
 	} else {
 		enum object_type unused;
-		buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &unused, &size);
+		buf = read_object_file(oid, &unused, &size);
 	}
 	if (!buf)
-		die("Can't load object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		die("Can't load object %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
 
 	/* Peel one layer. */
 	switch (oe->type) {
 	case OBJ_TAG:
-		if (size < 40 + strlen("object ") ||
-		    get_sha1_hex(buf + strlen("object "), sha1))
+		if (size < GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + strlen("object ") ||
+		    get_oid_hex(buf + strlen("object "), oid))
 			die("Invalid SHA1 in tag: %s", command_buf.buf);
 		break;
 	case OBJ_COMMIT:
-		if (size < 40 + strlen("tree ") ||
-		    get_sha1_hex(buf + strlen("tree "), sha1))
+		if (size < GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + strlen("tree ") ||
+		    get_oid_hex(buf + strlen("tree "), oid))
 			die("Invalid SHA1 in commit: %s", command_buf.buf);
 	}
 
 	free(buf);
-	return find_object(sha1);
+	return find_object(oid);
 }
 
 static struct object_entry *parse_treeish_dataref(const char **p)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct object_entry *e;
 
 	if (**p == ':') {	/* <mark> */
 		e = find_mark(parse_mark_ref_space(p));
 		if (!e)
 			die("Unknown mark: %s", command_buf.buf);
-		hashcpy(sha1, e->idx.sha1);
+		oidcpy(&oid, &e->idx.oid);
 	} else {	/* <sha1> */
-		if (get_sha1_hex(*p, sha1))
+		if (parse_oid_hex(*p, &oid, p))
 			die("Invalid dataref: %s", command_buf.buf);
-		e = find_object(sha1);
-		*p += 40;
+		e = find_object(&oid);
 		if (*(*p)++ != ' ')
 			die("Missing space after tree-ish: %s", command_buf.buf);
 	}
 
 	while (!e || e->type != OBJ_TREE)
-		e = dereference(e, sha1);
+		e = dereference(e, &oid);
 	return e;
 }
 
@@ -3056,8 +3122,8 @@ static void parse_ls(const char *p, struct branch *b)
 	} else {
 		struct object_entry *e = parse_treeish_dataref(&p);
 		root = new_tree_entry();
-		hashcpy(root->versions[1].sha1, e->idx.sha1);
-		if (!is_null_sha1(root->versions[1].sha1))
+		oidcpy(&root->versions[1].oid, &e->idx.oid);
+		if (!is_null_oid(&root->versions[1].oid))
 			root->versions[1].mode = S_IFDIR;
 		load_tree(root);
 	}
@@ -3079,7 +3145,7 @@ static void parse_ls(const char *p, struct branch *b)
 	if (S_ISDIR(leaf.versions[1].mode))
 		store_tree(&leaf);
 
-	print_ls(leaf.versions[1].mode, leaf.versions[1].sha1, p);
+	print_ls(leaf.versions[1].mode, leaf.versions[1].oid.hash, p);
 	if (leaf.tree)
 		release_tree_content_recursive(leaf.tree);
 	if (!b || root != &b->branch_tree)
@@ -3091,10 +3157,10 @@ static void checkpoint(void)
 	checkpoint_requested = 0;
 	if (object_count) {
 		cycle_packfile();
-		dump_branches();
-		dump_tags();
-		dump_marks();
 	}
+	dump_branches();
+	dump_tags();
+	dump_marks();
 }
 
 static void parse_checkpoint(void)
@@ -3113,12 +3179,9 @@ static void parse_progress(void)
 
 static char* make_fast_import_path(const char *path)
 {
-	struct strbuf abs_path = STRBUF_INIT;
-
 	if (!relative_marks_paths || is_absolute_path(path))
 		return xstrdup(path);
-	strbuf_addf(&abs_path, "%s/info/fast-import/%s", get_git_dir(), path);
-	return strbuf_detach(&abs_path, NULL);
+	return git_pathdup("info/fast-import/%s", path);
 }
 
 static void option_import_marks(const char *marks,
@@ -3190,9 +3253,7 @@ static void option_export_pack_edges(const char *edges)
 {
 	if (pack_edges)
 		fclose(pack_edges);
-	pack_edges = fopen(edges, "a");
-	if (!pack_edges)
-		die_errno("Cannot open '%s'", edges);
+	pack_edges = xfopen(edges, "a");
 }
 
 static int parse_one_option(const char *option)
@@ -3243,6 +3304,8 @@ static int parse_one_feature(const char *feature, int from_stream)
 		option_import_marks(arg, from_stream, 1);
 	} else if (skip_prefix(feature, "export-marks=", &arg)) {
 		option_export_marks(arg);
+	} else if (!strcmp(feature, "get-mark")) {
+		; /* Don't die - this feature is supported */
 	} else if (!strcmp(feature, "cat-blob")) {
 		; /* Don't die - this feature is supported */
 	} else if (!strcmp(feature, "relative-marks")) {
@@ -3287,21 +3350,13 @@ static void parse_option(const char *option)
 static void git_pack_config(void)
 {
 	int indexversion_value;
+	int limit;
 	unsigned long packsizelimit_value;
 
 	if (!git_config_get_ulong("pack.depth", &max_depth)) {
 		if (max_depth > MAX_DEPTH)
 			max_depth = MAX_DEPTH;
 	}
-	if (!git_config_get_int("pack.compression", &pack_compression_level)) {
-		if (pack_compression_level == -1)
-			pack_compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
-		else if (pack_compression_level < 0 ||
-			 pack_compression_level > Z_BEST_COMPRESSION)
-			git_die_config("pack.compression",
-					"bad pack compression level %d", pack_compression_level);
-		pack_compression_seen = 1;
-	}
 	if (!git_config_get_int("pack.indexversion", &indexversion_value)) {
 		pack_idx_opts.version = indexversion_value;
 		if (pack_idx_opts.version > 2)
@@ -3311,6 +3366,11 @@ static void git_pack_config(void)
 	if (!git_config_get_ulong("pack.packsizelimit", &packsizelimit_value))
 		max_packsize = packsizelimit_value;
 
+	if (!git_config_get_int("fastimport.unpacklimit", &limit))
+		unpack_limit = limit;
+	else if (!git_config_get_int("transfer.unpacklimit", &limit))
+		unpack_limit = limit;
+
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 }
 
@@ -3351,39 +3411,32 @@ static void parse_argv(void)
 		read_marks();
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	unsigned int i;
 
-	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
-
-	git_setup_gettext();
-
 	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 		usage(fast_import_usage);
 
 	setup_git_directory();
 	reset_pack_idx_option(&pack_idx_opts);
 	git_pack_config();
-	if (!pack_compression_seen && core_compression_seen)
-		pack_compression_level = core_compression_level;
 
 	alloc_objects(object_entry_alloc);
 	strbuf_init(&command_buf, 0);
 	atom_table = xcalloc(atom_table_sz, sizeof(struct atom_str*));
 	branch_table = xcalloc(branch_table_sz, sizeof(struct branch*));
 	avail_tree_table = xcalloc(avail_tree_table_sz, sizeof(struct avail_tree_content*));
-	marks = pool_calloc(1, sizeof(struct mark_set));
+	marks = mem_pool_calloc(&fi_mem_pool, 1, sizeof(struct mark_set));
 
 	global_argc = argc;
 	global_argv = argv;
 
-	rc_free = pool_alloc(cmd_save * sizeof(*rc_free));
+	rc_free = mem_pool_alloc(&fi_mem_pool, cmd_save * sizeof(*rc_free));
 	for (i = 0; i < (cmd_save - 1); i++)
 		rc_free[i].next = &rc_free[i + 1];
 	rc_free[cmd_save - 1].next = NULL;
 
-	prepare_packed_git();
 	start_packfile();
 	set_die_routine(die_nicely);
 	set_checkpoint_signal();
@@ -3453,8 +3506,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Total branches:  %10lu (%10lu loads     )\n", branch_count, branch_load_count);
 		fprintf(stderr, "      marks:     %10" PRIuMAX " (%10" PRIuMAX " unique    )\n", (((uintmax_t)1) << marks->shift) * 1024, marks_set_count);
 		fprintf(stderr, "      atoms:     %10u\n", atom_cnt);
-		fprintf(stderr, "Memory total:    %10" PRIuMAX " KiB\n", (total_allocd + alloc_count*sizeof(struct object_entry))/1024);
-		fprintf(stderr, "       pools:    %10lu KiB\n", (unsigned long)(total_allocd/1024));
+		fprintf(stderr, "Memory total:    %10" PRIuMAX " KiB\n", (tree_entry_allocd + fi_mem_pool.pool_alloc + alloc_count*sizeof(struct object_entry))/1024);
+		fprintf(stderr, "       pools:    %10lu KiB\n", (unsigned long)((tree_entry_allocd + fi_mem_pool.pool_alloc) /1024));
 		fprintf(stderr, "     objects:    %10" PRIuMAX " KiB\n", (alloc_count*sizeof(struct object_entry))/1024);
 		fprintf(stderr, "---------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
 		pack_report();
diff --git a/fetch-negotiator.c b/fetch-negotiator.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d6d685cba0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fetch-negotiator.c
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "fetch-negotiator.h"
+#include "negotiator/default.h"
+#include "negotiator/skipping.h"
+
+void fetch_negotiator_init(struct fetch_negotiator *negotiator,
+			   const char *algorithm)
+{
+	if (algorithm) {
+		if (!strcmp(algorithm, "skipping")) {
+			skipping_negotiator_init(negotiator);
+			return;
+		} else if (!strcmp(algorithm, "default")) {
+			/* Fall through to default initialization */
+		} else {
+			die("unknown fetch negotiation algorithm '%s'", algorithm);
+		}
+	}
+	default_negotiator_init(negotiator);
+}
diff --git a/fetch-negotiator.h b/fetch-negotiator.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ddb44a22dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fetch-negotiator.h
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#ifndef FETCH_NEGOTIATOR
+#define FETCH_NEGOTIATOR
+
+struct commit;
+
+/*
+ * An object that supplies the information needed to negotiate the contents of
+ * the to-be-sent packfile during a fetch.
+ *
+ * To set up the negotiator, call fetch_negotiator_init(), then known_common()
+ * (0 or more times), then add_tip() (0 or more times).
+ *
+ * Then, when "have" lines are required, call next(). Call ack() to report what
+ * the server tells us.
+ *
+ * Once negotiation is done, call release(). The negotiator then cannot be used
+ * (unless reinitialized with fetch_negotiator_init()).
+ */
+struct fetch_negotiator {
+	/*
+	 * Before negotiation starts, indicate that the server is known to have
+	 * this commit.
+	 */
+	void (*known_common)(struct fetch_negotiator *, struct commit *);
+
+	/*
+	 * Once this function is invoked, known_common() cannot be invoked any
+	 * more.
+	 *
+	 * Indicate that this commit and all its ancestors are to be checked
+	 * for commonality with the server.
+	 */
+	void (*add_tip)(struct fetch_negotiator *, struct commit *);
+
+	/*
+	 * Once this function is invoked, known_common() and add_tip() cannot
+	 * be invoked any more.
+	 *
+	 * Return the next commit that the client should send as a "have" line.
+	 */
+	const struct object_id *(*next)(struct fetch_negotiator *);
+
+	/*
+	 * Inform the negotiator that the server has the given commit. This
+	 * method must only be called on commits returned by next().
+	 */
+	int (*ack)(struct fetch_negotiator *, struct commit *);
+
+	void (*release)(struct fetch_negotiator *);
+
+	/* internal use */
+	void *data;
+};
+
+void fetch_negotiator_init(struct fetch_negotiator *negotiator,
+			   const char *algorithm);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/fetch-object.c b/fetch-object.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..853624f811
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fetch-object.c
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "pkt-line.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "transport.h"
+#include "fetch-object.h"
+
+static void fetch_refs(const char *remote_name, struct ref *ref)
+{
+	struct remote *remote;
+	struct transport *transport;
+	int original_fetch_if_missing = fetch_if_missing;
+
+	fetch_if_missing = 0;
+	remote = remote_get(remote_name);
+	if (!remote->url[0])
+		die(_("Remote with no URL"));
+	transport = transport_get(remote, remote->url[0]);
+
+	transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_FROM_PROMISOR, "1");
+	transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_NO_DEPENDENTS, "1");
+	transport_fetch_refs(transport, ref);
+	fetch_if_missing = original_fetch_if_missing;
+}
+
+void fetch_object(const char *remote_name, const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct ref *ref = alloc_ref(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	hashcpy(ref->old_oid.hash, sha1);
+	fetch_refs(remote_name, ref);
+}
+
+void fetch_objects(const char *remote_name, const struct oid_array *to_fetch)
+{
+	struct ref *ref = NULL;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < to_fetch->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref *new_ref = alloc_ref(oid_to_hex(&to_fetch->oid[i]));
+		oidcpy(&new_ref->old_oid, &to_fetch->oid[i]);
+		new_ref->next = ref;
+		ref = new_ref;
+	}
+	fetch_refs(remote_name, ref);
+}
diff --git a/fetch-object.h b/fetch-object.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4b269d07ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fetch-object.h
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#ifndef FETCH_OBJECT_H
+#define FETCH_OBJECT_H
+
+#include "sha1-array.h"
+
+extern void fetch_object(const char *remote_name, const unsigned char *sha1);
+
+extern void fetch_objects(const char *remote_name,
+			  const struct oid_array *to_fetch);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/fetch-pack.c b/fetch-pack.c
index 655ee64256..88a078e9be 100644
--- a/fetch-pack.c
+++ b/fetch-pack.c
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "sideband.h"
 #include "fetch-pack.h"
@@ -13,28 +15,33 @@
 #include "connect.h"
 #include "transport.h"
 #include "version.h"
-#include "prio-queue.h"
 #include "sha1-array.h"
+#include "oidset.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "connected.h"
+#include "fetch-negotiator.h"
+#include "fsck.h"
 
 static int transfer_unpack_limit = -1;
 static int fetch_unpack_limit = -1;
 static int unpack_limit = 100;
 static int prefer_ofs_delta = 1;
 static int no_done;
+static int deepen_since_ok;
+static int deepen_not_ok;
 static int fetch_fsck_objects = -1;
 static int transfer_fsck_objects = -1;
 static int agent_supported;
+static int server_supports_filtering;
 static struct lock_file shallow_lock;
 static const char *alternate_shallow_file;
+static char *negotiation_algorithm;
+static struct strbuf fsck_msg_types = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 /* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
 #define COMPLETE	(1U << 0)
-#define COMMON		(1U << 1)
-#define COMMON_REF	(1U << 2)
-#define SEEN		(1U << 3)
-#define POPPED		(1U << 4)
-
-static int marked;
+#define ALTERNATE	(1U << 1)
 
 /*
  * After sending this many "have"s if we do not get any new ACK , we
@@ -42,122 +49,83 @@ static int marked;
  */
 #define MAX_IN_VAIN 256
 
-static struct prio_queue rev_list = { compare_commits_by_commit_date };
-static int non_common_revs, multi_ack, use_sideband, allow_tip_sha1_in_want;
+static int multi_ack, use_sideband;
+/* Allow specifying sha1 if it is a ref tip. */
+#define ALLOW_TIP_SHA1	01
+/* Allow request of a sha1 if it is reachable from a ref (possibly hidden ref). */
+#define ALLOW_REACHABLE_SHA1	02
+static unsigned int allow_unadvertised_object_request;
 
-static void rev_list_push(struct commit *commit, int mark)
+__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)))
+static inline void print_verbose(const struct fetch_pack_args *args,
+				 const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	if (!(commit->object.flags & mark)) {
-		commit->object.flags |= mark;
-
-		if (parse_commit(commit))
-			return;
+	va_list params;
 
-		prio_queue_put(&rev_list, commit);
+	if (!args->verbose)
+		return;
 
-		if (!(commit->object.flags & COMMON))
-			non_common_revs++;
-	}
+	va_start(params, fmt);
+	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, params);
+	va_end(params);
+	fputc('\n', stderr);
 }
 
-static int rev_list_insert_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+struct alternate_object_cache {
+	struct object **items;
+	size_t nr, alloc;
+};
+
+static void cache_one_alternate(const char *refname,
+				const struct object_id *oid,
+				void *vcache)
 {
-	struct object *o = deref_tag(parse_object(sha1), refname, 0);
+	struct alternate_object_cache *cache = vcache;
+	struct object *obj = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
 
-	if (o && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
-		rev_list_push((struct commit *)o, SEEN);
+	if (!obj || (obj->flags & ALTERNATE))
+		return;
 
-	return 0;
+	obj->flags |= ALTERNATE;
+	ALLOC_GROW(cache->items, cache->nr + 1, cache->alloc);
+	cache->items[cache->nr++] = obj;
 }
 
-static int clear_marks(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static void for_each_cached_alternate(struct fetch_negotiator *negotiator,
+				      void (*cb)(struct fetch_negotiator *,
+						 struct object *))
 {
-	struct object *o = deref_tag(parse_object(sha1), refname, 0);
+	static int initialized;
+	static struct alternate_object_cache cache;
+	size_t i;
 
-	if (o && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
-		clear_commit_marks((struct commit *)o,
-				   COMMON | COMMON_REF | SEEN | POPPED);
-	return 0;
-}
+	if (!initialized) {
+		for_each_alternate_ref(cache_one_alternate, &cache);
+		initialized = 1;
+	}
 
-/*
-   This function marks a rev and its ancestors as common.
-   In some cases, it is desirable to mark only the ancestors (for example
-   when only the server does not yet know that they are common).
-*/
+	for (i = 0; i < cache.nr; i++)
+		cb(negotiator, cache.items[i]);
+}
 
-static void mark_common(struct commit *commit,
-		int ancestors_only, int dont_parse)
+static int rev_list_insert_ref(struct fetch_negotiator *negotiator,
+			       const char *refname,
+			       const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	if (commit != NULL && !(commit->object.flags & COMMON)) {
-		struct object *o = (struct object *)commit;
+	struct object *o = deref_tag(the_repository,
+				     parse_object(the_repository, oid),
+				     refname, 0);
 
-		if (!ancestors_only)
-			o->flags |= COMMON;
+	if (o && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+		negotiator->add_tip(negotiator, (struct commit *)o);
 
-		if (!(o->flags & SEEN))
-			rev_list_push(commit, SEEN);
-		else {
-			struct commit_list *parents;
-
-			if (!ancestors_only && !(o->flags & POPPED))
-				non_common_revs--;
-			if (!o->parsed && !dont_parse)
-				if (parse_commit(commit))
-					return;
-
-			for (parents = commit->parents;
-					parents;
-					parents = parents->next)
-				mark_common(parents->item, 0, dont_parse);
-		}
-	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
-/*
-  Get the next rev to send, ignoring the common.
-*/
-
-static const unsigned char *get_rev(void)
+static int rev_list_insert_ref_oid(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+				   int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
-	struct commit *commit = NULL;
-
-	while (commit == NULL) {
-		unsigned int mark;
-		struct commit_list *parents;
-
-		if (rev_list.nr == 0 || non_common_revs == 0)
-			return NULL;
-
-		commit = prio_queue_get(&rev_list);
-		parse_commit(commit);
-		parents = commit->parents;
-
-		commit->object.flags |= POPPED;
-		if (!(commit->object.flags & COMMON))
-			non_common_revs--;
-
-		if (commit->object.flags & COMMON) {
-			/* do not send "have", and ignore ancestors */
-			commit = NULL;
-			mark = COMMON | SEEN;
-		} else if (commit->object.flags & COMMON_REF)
-			/* send "have", and ignore ancestors */
-			mark = COMMON | SEEN;
-		else
-			/* send "have", also for its ancestors */
-			mark = SEEN;
-
-		while (parents) {
-			if (!(parents->item->object.flags & SEEN))
-				rev_list_push(parents->item, mark);
-			if (mark & COMMON)
-				mark_common(parents->item, 1, 0);
-			parents = parents->next;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return commit->object.sha1;
+	return rev_list_insert_ref(cb_data, refname, oid);
 }
 
 enum ack_type {
@@ -170,7 +138,7 @@ enum ack_type {
 
 static void consume_shallow_list(struct fetch_pack_args *args, int fd)
 {
-	if (args->stateless_rpc && args->depth > 0) {
+	if (args->stateless_rpc && args->deepen) {
 		/* If we sent a depth we will get back "duplicate"
 		 * shallow and unshallow commands every time there
 		 * is a block of have lines exchanged.
@@ -181,23 +149,23 @@ static void consume_shallow_list(struct fetch_pack_args *args, int fd)
 				continue;
 			if (starts_with(line, "unshallow "))
 				continue;
-			die("git fetch-pack: expected shallow list");
+			die(_("git fetch-pack: expected shallow list"));
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-static enum ack_type get_ack(int fd, unsigned char *result_sha1)
+static enum ack_type get_ack(int fd, struct object_id *result_oid)
 {
 	int len;
 	char *line = packet_read_line(fd, &len);
 	const char *arg;
 
-	if (!len)
-		die("git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF");
+	if (!line)
+		die(_("git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"));
 	if (!strcmp(line, "NAK"))
 		return NAK;
 	if (skip_prefix(line, "ACK ", &arg)) {
-		if (!get_sha1_hex(arg, result_sha1)) {
+		if (!get_oid_hex(arg, result_oid)) {
 			arg += 40;
 			len -= arg - line;
 			if (len < 1)
@@ -211,7 +179,9 @@ static enum ack_type get_ack(int fd, unsigned char *result_sha1)
 			return ACK;
 		}
 	}
-	die("git fetch_pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'", line);
+	if (skip_prefix(line, "ERR ", &arg))
+		die(_("remote error: %s"), arg);
+	die(_("git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'"), line);
 }
 
 static void send_request(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
@@ -224,33 +194,56 @@ static void send_request(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 		write_or_die(fd, buf->buf, buf->len);
 }
 
-static void insert_one_alternate_ref(const struct ref *ref, void *unused)
+static void insert_one_alternate_object(struct fetch_negotiator *negotiator,
+					struct object *obj)
 {
-	rev_list_insert_ref(NULL, ref->old_sha1, 0, NULL);
+	rev_list_insert_ref(negotiator, NULL, &obj->oid);
 }
 
 #define INITIAL_FLUSH 16
 #define PIPESAFE_FLUSH 32
-#define LARGE_FLUSH 1024
+#define LARGE_FLUSH 16384
 
-static int next_flush(struct fetch_pack_args *args, int count)
+static int next_flush(int stateless_rpc, int count)
 {
-	int flush_limit = args->stateless_rpc ? LARGE_FLUSH : PIPESAFE_FLUSH;
-
-	if (count < flush_limit)
-		count <<= 1;
-	else
-		count += flush_limit;
+	if (stateless_rpc) {
+		if (count < LARGE_FLUSH)
+			count <<= 1;
+		else
+			count = count * 11 / 10;
+	} else {
+		if (count < PIPESAFE_FLUSH)
+			count <<= 1;
+		else
+			count += PIPESAFE_FLUSH;
+	}
 	return count;
 }
 
-static int find_common(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
-		       int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
+static void mark_tips(struct fetch_negotiator *negotiator,
+		      const struct oid_array *negotiation_tips)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!negotiation_tips) {
+		for_each_ref(rev_list_insert_ref_oid, negotiator);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < negotiation_tips->nr; i++)
+		rev_list_insert_ref(negotiator, NULL,
+				    &negotiation_tips->oid[i]);
+	return;
+}
+
+static int find_common(struct fetch_negotiator *negotiator,
+		       struct fetch_pack_args *args,
+		       int fd[2], struct object_id *result_oid,
 		       struct ref *refs)
 {
 	int fetching;
 	int count = 0, flushes = 0, flush_at = INITIAL_FLUSH, retval;
-	const unsigned char *sha1;
+	const struct object_id *oid;
 	unsigned in_vain = 0;
 	int got_continue = 0;
 	int got_ready = 0;
@@ -258,17 +251,14 @@ static int find_common(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 	size_t state_len = 0;
 
 	if (args->stateless_rpc && multi_ack == 1)
-		die("--stateless-rpc requires multi_ack_detailed");
-	if (marked)
-		for_each_ref(clear_marks, NULL);
-	marked = 1;
+		die(_("--stateless-rpc requires multi_ack_detailed"));
 
-	for_each_ref(rev_list_insert_ref, NULL);
-	for_each_alternate_ref(insert_one_alternate_ref, NULL);
+	mark_tips(negotiator, args->negotiation_tips);
+	for_each_cached_alternate(negotiator, insert_one_alternate_object);
 
 	fetching = 0;
 	for ( ; refs ; refs = refs->next) {
-		unsigned char *remote = refs->old_sha1;
+		struct object_id *remote = &refs->old_oid;
 		const char *remote_hex;
 		struct object *o;
 
@@ -282,12 +272,12 @@ static int find_common(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 		 * interested in the case we *know* the object is
 		 * reachable and we have already scanned it.
 		 */
-		if (((o = lookup_object(remote)) != NULL) &&
+		if (((o = lookup_object(the_repository, remote->hash)) != NULL) &&
 				(o->flags & COMPLETE)) {
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		remote_hex = sha1_to_hex(remote);
+		remote_hex = oid_to_hex(remote);
 		if (!fetching) {
 			struct strbuf c = STRBUF_INIT;
 			if (multi_ack == 2)     strbuf_addstr(&c, " multi_ack_detailed");
@@ -295,12 +285,17 @@ static int find_common(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 			if (no_done)            strbuf_addstr(&c, " no-done");
 			if (use_sideband == 2)  strbuf_addstr(&c, " side-band-64k");
 			if (use_sideband == 1)  strbuf_addstr(&c, " side-band");
+			if (args->deepen_relative) strbuf_addstr(&c, " deepen-relative");
 			if (args->use_thin_pack) strbuf_addstr(&c, " thin-pack");
 			if (args->no_progress)   strbuf_addstr(&c, " no-progress");
 			if (args->include_tag)   strbuf_addstr(&c, " include-tag");
 			if (prefer_ofs_delta)   strbuf_addstr(&c, " ofs-delta");
+			if (deepen_since_ok)    strbuf_addstr(&c, " deepen-since");
+			if (deepen_not_ok)      strbuf_addstr(&c, " deepen-not");
 			if (agent_supported)    strbuf_addf(&c, " agent=%s",
 							    git_user_agent_sanitized());
+			if (args->filter_options.choice)
+				strbuf_addstr(&c, " filter");
 			packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "want %s%s\n", remote_hex, c.buf);
 			strbuf_release(&c);
 		} else
@@ -314,39 +309,53 @@ static int find_common(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 		return 1;
 	}
 
-	if (is_repository_shallow())
+	if (is_repository_shallow(the_repository))
 		write_shallow_commits(&req_buf, 1, NULL);
 	if (args->depth > 0)
 		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "deepen %d", args->depth);
+	if (args->deepen_since) {
+		timestamp_t max_age = approxidate(args->deepen_since);
+		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "deepen-since %"PRItime, max_age);
+	}
+	if (args->deepen_not) {
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < args->deepen_not->nr; i++) {
+			struct string_list_item *s = args->deepen_not->items + i;
+			packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "deepen-not %s", s->string);
+		}
+	}
+	if (server_supports_filtering && args->filter_options.choice)
+		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "filter %s",
+				 args->filter_options.filter_spec);
 	packet_buf_flush(&req_buf);
 	state_len = req_buf.len;
 
-	if (args->depth > 0) {
+	if (args->deepen) {
 		char *line;
 		const char *arg;
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 
 		send_request(args, fd[1], &req_buf);
 		while ((line = packet_read_line(fd[0], NULL))) {
 			if (skip_prefix(line, "shallow ", &arg)) {
-				if (get_sha1_hex(arg, sha1))
-					die("invalid shallow line: %s", line);
-				register_shallow(sha1);
+				if (get_oid_hex(arg, &oid))
+					die(_("invalid shallow line: %s"), line);
+				register_shallow(the_repository, &oid);
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (skip_prefix(line, "unshallow ", &arg)) {
-				if (get_sha1_hex(arg, sha1))
-					die("invalid unshallow line: %s", line);
-				if (!lookup_object(sha1))
-					die("object not found: %s", line);
+				if (get_oid_hex(arg, &oid))
+					die(_("invalid unshallow line: %s"), line);
+				if (!lookup_object(the_repository, oid.hash))
+					die(_("object not found: %s"), line);
 				/* make sure that it is parsed as shallow */
-				if (!parse_object(sha1))
-					die("error in object: %s", line);
-				if (unregister_shallow(sha1))
-					die("no shallow found: %s", line);
+				if (!parse_object(the_repository, &oid))
+					die(_("error in object: %s"), line);
+				if (unregister_shallow(&oid))
+					die(_("no shallow found: %s"), line);
 				continue;
 			}
-			die("expected shallow/unshallow, got %s", line);
+			die(_("expected shallow/unshallow, got %s"), line);
 		}
 	} else if (!args->stateless_rpc)
 		send_request(args, fd[1], &req_buf);
@@ -361,10 +370,11 @@ static int find_common(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 
 	flushes = 0;
 	retval = -1;
-	while ((sha1 = get_rev())) {
-		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "have %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		if (args->verbose)
-			fprintf(stderr, "have %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	if (args->no_dependents)
+		goto done;
+	while ((oid = negotiator->next(negotiator))) {
+		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "have %s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
+		print_verbose(args, "have %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
 		in_vain++;
 		if (flush_at <= ++count) {
 			int ack;
@@ -373,7 +383,7 @@ static int find_common(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 			send_request(args, fd[1], &req_buf);
 			strbuf_setlen(&req_buf, state_len);
 			flushes++;
-			flush_at = next_flush(args, count);
+			flush_at = next_flush(args->stateless_rpc, count);
 
 			/*
 			 * We keep one window "ahead" of the other side, and
@@ -384,10 +394,10 @@ static int find_common(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 
 			consume_shallow_list(args, fd[0]);
 			do {
-				ack = get_ack(fd[0], result_sha1);
-				if (args->verbose && ack)
-					fprintf(stderr, "got ack %d %s\n", ack,
-							sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
+				ack = get_ack(fd[0], result_oid);
+				if (ack)
+					print_verbose(args, _("got %s %d %s"), "ack",
+						      ack, oid_to_hex(result_oid));
 				switch (ack) {
 				case ACK:
 					flushes = 0;
@@ -398,38 +408,47 @@ static int find_common(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 				case ACK_ready:
 				case ACK_continue: {
 					struct commit *commit =
-						lookup_commit(result_sha1);
+						lookup_commit(the_repository,
+							      result_oid);
+					int was_common;
+
 					if (!commit)
-						die("invalid commit %s", sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
+						die(_("invalid commit %s"), oid_to_hex(result_oid));
+					was_common = negotiator->ack(negotiator, commit);
 					if (args->stateless_rpc
 					 && ack == ACK_common
-					 && !(commit->object.flags & COMMON)) {
+					 && !was_common) {
 						/* We need to replay the have for this object
 						 * on the next RPC request so the peer knows
 						 * it is in common with us.
 						 */
-						const char *hex = sha1_to_hex(result_sha1);
+						const char *hex = oid_to_hex(result_oid);
 						packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "have %s\n", hex);
 						state_len = req_buf.len;
-					}
-					mark_common(commit, 0, 1);
+						/*
+						 * Reset in_vain because an ack
+						 * for this commit has not been
+						 * seen.
+						 */
+						in_vain = 0;
+					} else if (!args->stateless_rpc
+						   || ack != ACK_common)
+						in_vain = 0;
 					retval = 0;
-					in_vain = 0;
 					got_continue = 1;
-					if (ack == ACK_ready) {
-						clear_prio_queue(&rev_list);
+					if (ack == ACK_ready)
 						got_ready = 1;
-					}
 					break;
 					}
 				}
 			} while (ack);
 			flushes--;
 			if (got_continue && MAX_IN_VAIN < in_vain) {
-				if (args->verbose)
-					fprintf(stderr, "giving up\n");
+				print_verbose(args, _("giving up"));
 				break; /* give up */
 			}
+			if (got_ready)
+				break;
 		}
 	}
 done:
@@ -437,8 +456,7 @@ done:
 		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "done\n");
 		send_request(args, fd[1], &req_buf);
 	}
-	if (args->verbose)
-		fprintf(stderr, "done\n");
+	print_verbose(args, _("done"));
 	if (retval != 0) {
 		multi_ack = 0;
 		flushes++;
@@ -448,11 +466,10 @@ done:
 	if (!got_ready || !no_done)
 		consume_shallow_list(args, fd[0]);
 	while (flushes || multi_ack) {
-		int ack = get_ack(fd[0], result_sha1);
+		int ack = get_ack(fd[0], result_oid);
 		if (ack) {
-			if (args->verbose)
-				fprintf(stderr, "got ack (%d) %s\n", ack,
-					sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
+			print_verbose(args, _("got %s (%d) %s"), "ack",
+				      ack, oid_to_hex(result_oid));
 			if (ack == ACK)
 				return 0;
 			multi_ack = 1;
@@ -466,16 +483,16 @@ done:
 
 static struct commit_list *complete;
 
-static int mark_complete(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int mark_complete(const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
+	struct object *o = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
 
 	while (o && o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
 		struct tag *t = (struct tag *) o;
 		if (!t->tagged)
 			break; /* broken repository */
 		o->flags |= COMPLETE;
-		o = parse_object(t->tagged->sha1);
+		o = parse_object(the_repository, &t->tagged->oid);
 	}
 	if (o && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
 		struct commit *commit = (struct commit *)o;
@@ -487,24 +504,54 @@ static int mark_complete(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int fla
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int mark_complete_oid(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+			     int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return mark_complete(oid);
+}
+
 static void mark_recent_complete_commits(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
-					 unsigned long cutoff)
+					 timestamp_t cutoff)
 {
 	while (complete && cutoff <= complete->item->date) {
-		if (args->verbose)
-			fprintf(stderr, "Marking %s as complete\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(complete->item->object.sha1));
+		print_verbose(args, _("Marking %s as complete"),
+			      oid_to_hex(&complete->item->object.oid));
 		pop_most_recent_commit(&complete, COMPLETE);
 	}
 }
 
+static void add_refs_to_oidset(struct oidset *oids, struct ref *refs)
+{
+	for (; refs; refs = refs->next)
+		oidset_insert(oids, &refs->old_oid);
+}
+
+static int tip_oids_contain(struct oidset *tip_oids,
+			    struct ref *unmatched, struct ref *newlist,
+			    const struct object_id *id)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Note that this only looks at the ref lists the first time it's
+	 * called. This works out in filter_refs() because even though it may
+	 * add to "newlist" between calls, the additions will always be for
+	 * oids that are already in the set.
+	 */
+	if (!tip_oids->map.map.tablesize) {
+		add_refs_to_oidset(tip_oids, unmatched);
+		add_refs_to_oidset(tip_oids, newlist);
+	}
+	return oidset_contains(tip_oids, id);
+}
+
 static void filter_refs(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 			struct ref **refs,
 			struct ref **sought, int nr_sought)
 {
 	struct ref *newlist = NULL;
 	struct ref **newtail = &newlist;
+	struct ref *unmatched = NULL;
 	struct ref *ref, *next;
+	struct oidset tip_oids = OIDSET_INIT;
 	int i;
 
 	i = 0;
@@ -522,65 +569,131 @@ static void filter_refs(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 					break; /* definitely do not have it */
 				else if (cmp == 0) {
 					keep = 1; /* definitely have it */
-					sought[i]->matched = 1;
+					sought[i]->match_status = REF_MATCHED;
 				}
 				i++;
 			}
-		}
 
-		if (!keep && args->fetch_all &&
-		    (!args->depth || !starts_with(ref->name, "refs/tags/")))
-			keep = 1;
+			if (!keep && args->fetch_all &&
+			    (!args->deepen || !starts_with(ref->name, "refs/tags/")))
+				keep = 1;
+		}
 
 		if (keep) {
 			*newtail = ref;
 			ref->next = NULL;
 			newtail = &ref->next;
 		} else {
-			free(ref);
+			ref->next = unmatched;
+			unmatched = ref;
 		}
 	}
 
 	/* Append unmatched requests to the list */
-	if (allow_tip_sha1_in_want) {
-		for (i = 0; i < nr_sought; i++) {
-			ref = sought[i];
-			if (ref->matched)
-				continue;
-			if (get_sha1_hex(ref->name, ref->old_sha1))
-				continue;
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_sought; i++) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		const char *p;
 
-			ref->matched = 1;
-			*newtail = ref;
-			ref->next = NULL;
-			newtail = &ref->next;
+		ref = sought[i];
+		if (ref->match_status != REF_NOT_MATCHED)
+			continue;
+		if (parse_oid_hex(ref->name, &oid, &p) ||
+		    *p != '\0' ||
+		    oidcmp(&oid, &ref->old_oid))
+			continue;
+
+		if ((allow_unadvertised_object_request &
+		     (ALLOW_TIP_SHA1 | ALLOW_REACHABLE_SHA1)) ||
+		    tip_oids_contain(&tip_oids, unmatched, newlist,
+				     &ref->old_oid)) {
+			ref->match_status = REF_MATCHED;
+			*newtail = copy_ref(ref);
+			newtail = &(*newtail)->next;
+		} else {
+			ref->match_status = REF_UNADVERTISED_NOT_ALLOWED;
 		}
 	}
+
+	oidset_clear(&tip_oids);
+	for (ref = unmatched; ref; ref = next) {
+		next = ref->next;
+		free(ref);
+	}
+
 	*refs = newlist;
 }
 
-static void mark_alternate_complete(const struct ref *ref, void *unused)
+static void mark_alternate_complete(struct fetch_negotiator *unused,
+				    struct object *obj)
 {
-	mark_complete(NULL, ref->old_sha1, 0, NULL);
+	mark_complete(&obj->oid);
 }
 
-static int everything_local(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
-			    struct ref **refs,
-			    struct ref **sought, int nr_sought)
+struct loose_object_iter {
+	struct oidset *loose_object_set;
+	struct ref *refs;
+};
+
+/*
+ *  If the number of refs is not larger than the number of loose objects,
+ *  this function stops inserting.
+ */
+static int add_loose_objects_to_set(const struct object_id *oid,
+				    const char *path,
+				    void *data)
+{
+	struct loose_object_iter *iter = data;
+	oidset_insert(iter->loose_object_set, oid);
+	if (iter->refs == NULL)
+		return 1;
+
+	iter->refs = iter->refs->next;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Mark recent commits available locally and reachable from a local ref as
+ * COMPLETE. If args->no_dependents is false, also mark COMPLETE remote refs as
+ * COMMON_REF (otherwise, we are not planning to participate in negotiation, and
+ * thus do not need COMMON_REF marks).
+ *
+ * The cutoff time for recency is determined by this heuristic: it is the
+ * earliest commit time of the objects in refs that are commits and that we know
+ * the commit time of.
+ */
+static void mark_complete_and_common_ref(struct fetch_negotiator *negotiator,
+					 struct fetch_pack_args *args,
+					 struct ref **refs)
 {
 	struct ref *ref;
-	int retval;
-	unsigned long cutoff = 0;
+	int old_save_commit_buffer = save_commit_buffer;
+	timestamp_t cutoff = 0;
+	struct oidset loose_oid_set = OIDSET_INIT;
+	int use_oidset = 0;
+	struct loose_object_iter iter = {&loose_oid_set, *refs};
+
+	/* Enumerate all loose objects or know refs are not so many. */
+	use_oidset = !for_each_loose_object(add_loose_objects_to_set,
+					    &iter, 0);
 
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
 
 	for (ref = *refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		struct object *o;
+		unsigned int flags = OBJECT_INFO_QUICK;
 
-		if (!has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1))
-			continue;
+		if (use_oidset &&
+		    !oidset_contains(&loose_oid_set, &ref->old_oid)) {
+			/*
+			 * I know this does not exist in the loose form,
+			 * so check if it exists in a non-loose form.
+			 */
+			flags |= OBJECT_INFO_IGNORE_LOOSE;
+		}
 
-		o = parse_object(ref->old_sha1);
+		if (!has_object_file_with_flags(&ref->old_oid, flags))
+			continue;
+		o = parse_object(the_repository, &ref->old_oid);
 		if (!o)
 			continue;
 
@@ -595,65 +708,72 @@ static int everything_local(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (!args->depth) {
-		for_each_ref(mark_complete, NULL);
-		for_each_alternate_ref(mark_alternate_complete, NULL);
-		commit_list_sort_by_date(&complete);
-		if (cutoff)
-			mark_recent_complete_commits(args, cutoff);
-	}
+	oidset_clear(&loose_oid_set);
 
-	/*
-	 * Mark all complete remote refs as common refs.
-	 * Don't mark them common yet; the server has to be told so first.
-	 */
-	for (ref = *refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
-		struct object *o = deref_tag(lookup_object(ref->old_sha1),
-					     NULL, 0);
+	if (!args->no_dependents) {
+		if (!args->deepen) {
+			for_each_ref(mark_complete_oid, NULL);
+			for_each_cached_alternate(NULL, mark_alternate_complete);
+			commit_list_sort_by_date(&complete);
+			if (cutoff)
+				mark_recent_complete_commits(args, cutoff);
+		}
 
-		if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT || !(o->flags & COMPLETE))
-			continue;
+		/*
+		 * Mark all complete remote refs as common refs.
+		 * Don't mark them common yet; the server has to be told so first.
+		 */
+		for (ref = *refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+			struct object *o = deref_tag(the_repository,
+						     lookup_object(the_repository,
+						     ref->old_oid.hash),
+						     NULL, 0);
 
-		if (!(o->flags & SEEN)) {
-			rev_list_push((struct commit *)o, COMMON_REF | SEEN);
+			if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT || !(o->flags & COMPLETE))
+				continue;
 
-			mark_common((struct commit *)o, 1, 1);
+			negotiator->known_common(negotiator,
+						 (struct commit *)o);
 		}
 	}
 
-	filter_refs(args, refs, sought, nr_sought);
+	save_commit_buffer = old_save_commit_buffer;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns 1 if every object pointed to by the given remote refs is available
+ * locally and reachable from a local ref, and 0 otherwise.
+ */
+static int everything_local(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
+			    struct ref **refs)
+{
+	struct ref *ref;
+	int retval;
 
 	for (retval = 1, ref = *refs; ref ; ref = ref->next) {
-		const unsigned char *remote = ref->old_sha1;
-		unsigned char local[20];
+		const struct object_id *remote = &ref->old_oid;
 		struct object *o;
 
-		o = lookup_object(remote);
+		o = lookup_object(the_repository, remote->hash);
 		if (!o || !(o->flags & COMPLETE)) {
 			retval = 0;
-			if (!args->verbose)
-				continue;
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"want %s (%s)\n", sha1_to_hex(remote),
-				ref->name);
+			print_verbose(args, "want %s (%s)", oid_to_hex(remote),
+				      ref->name);
 			continue;
 		}
-
-		hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, local);
-		if (!args->verbose)
-			continue;
-		fprintf(stderr,
-			"already have %s (%s)\n", sha1_to_hex(remote),
-			ref->name);
+		print_verbose(args, _("already have %s (%s)"), oid_to_hex(remote),
+			      ref->name);
 	}
+
 	return retval;
 }
 
 static int sideband_demux(int in, int out, void *data)
 {
 	int *xd = data;
+	int ret;
 
-	int ret = recv_sideband("fetch-pack", xd[0], out);
+	ret = recv_sideband("fetch-pack", xd[0], out);
 	close(out);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -662,11 +782,10 @@ static int get_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 		    int xd[2], char **pack_lockfile)
 {
 	struct async demux;
-	const char *argv[22];
-	char keep_arg[256];
-	char hdr_arg[256];
-	const char **av, *cmd_name;
 	int do_keep = args->keep_pack;
+	const char *cmd_name;
+	struct pack_header header;
+	int pass_header = 0;
 	struct child_process cmd = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 	int ret;
 
@@ -679,24 +798,18 @@ static int get_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 		demux.proc = sideband_demux;
 		demux.data = xd;
 		demux.out = -1;
+		demux.isolate_sigpipe = 1;
 		if (start_async(&demux))
-			die("fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband"
-			    " demultiplexer");
+			die(_("fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband demultiplexer"));
 	}
 	else
 		demux.out = xd[0];
 
-	cmd.argv = argv;
-	av = argv;
-	*hdr_arg = 0;
 	if (!args->keep_pack && unpack_limit) {
-		struct pack_header header;
 
 		if (read_pack_header(demux.out, &header))
-			die("protocol error: bad pack header");
-		snprintf(hdr_arg, sizeof(hdr_arg),
-			 "--pack_header=%"PRIu32",%"PRIu32,
-			 ntohl(header.hdr_version), ntohl(header.hdr_entries));
+			die(_("protocol error: bad pack header"));
+		pass_header = 1;
 		if (ntohl(header.hdr_entries) < unpack_limit)
 			do_keep = 0;
 		else
@@ -704,49 +817,66 @@ static int get_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 	}
 
 	if (alternate_shallow_file) {
-		*av++ = "--shallow-file";
-		*av++ = alternate_shallow_file;
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--shallow-file");
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, alternate_shallow_file);
 	}
 
-	if (do_keep) {
+	if (do_keep || args->from_promisor) {
 		if (pack_lockfile)
 			cmd.out = -1;
-		*av++ = cmd_name = "index-pack";
-		*av++ = "--stdin";
+		cmd_name = "index-pack";
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, cmd_name);
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--stdin");
 		if (!args->quiet && !args->no_progress)
-			*av++ = "-v";
+			argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "-v");
 		if (args->use_thin_pack)
-			*av++ = "--fix-thin";
-		if (args->lock_pack || unpack_limit) {
-			int s = sprintf(keep_arg,
-					"--keep=fetch-pack %"PRIuMAX " on ", (uintmax_t) getpid());
-			if (gethostname(keep_arg + s, sizeof(keep_arg) - s))
-				strcpy(keep_arg + s, "localhost");
-			*av++ = keep_arg;
+			argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--fix-thin");
+		if (do_keep && (args->lock_pack || unpack_limit)) {
+			char hostname[HOST_NAME_MAX + 1];
+			if (xgethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)))
+				xsnprintf(hostname, sizeof(hostname), "localhost");
+			argv_array_pushf(&cmd.args,
+					"--keep=fetch-pack %"PRIuMAX " on %s",
+					(uintmax_t)getpid(), hostname);
 		}
 		if (args->check_self_contained_and_connected)
-			*av++ = "--check-self-contained-and-connected";
+			argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--check-self-contained-and-connected");
+		if (args->from_promisor)
+			argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--promisor");
 	}
 	else {
-		*av++ = cmd_name = "unpack-objects";
+		cmd_name = "unpack-objects";
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, cmd_name);
 		if (args->quiet || args->no_progress)
-			*av++ = "-q";
+			argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "-q");
 		args->check_self_contained_and_connected = 0;
 	}
-	if (*hdr_arg)
-		*av++ = hdr_arg;
+
+	if (pass_header)
+		argv_array_pushf(&cmd.args, "--pack_header=%"PRIu32",%"PRIu32,
+				 ntohl(header.hdr_version),
+				 ntohl(header.hdr_entries));
 	if (fetch_fsck_objects >= 0
 	    ? fetch_fsck_objects
 	    : transfer_fsck_objects >= 0
 	    ? transfer_fsck_objects
-	    : 0)
-		*av++ = "--strict";
-	*av++ = NULL;
+	    : 0) {
+		if (args->from_promisor)
+			/*
+			 * We cannot use --strict in index-pack because it
+			 * checks both broken objects and links, but we only
+			 * want to check for broken objects.
+			 */
+			argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--fsck-objects");
+		else
+			argv_array_pushf(&cmd.args, "--strict%s",
+					 fsck_msg_types.buf);
+	}
 
 	cmd.in = demux.out;
 	cmd.git_cmd = 1;
 	if (start_command(&cmd))
-		die("fetch-pack: unable to fork off %s", cmd_name);
+		die(_("fetch-pack: unable to fork off %s"), cmd_name);
 	if (do_keep && pack_lockfile) {
 		*pack_lockfile = index_pack_lockfile(cmd.out);
 		close(cmd.out);
@@ -762,9 +892,9 @@ static int get_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 			args->check_self_contained_and_connected &&
 			ret == 0;
 	else
-		die("%s failed", cmd_name);
+		die(_("%s failed"), cmd_name);
 	if (use_sideband && finish_async(&demux))
-		die("error in sideband demultiplexer");
+		die(_("error in sideband demultiplexer"));
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -783,45 +913,47 @@ static struct ref *do_fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 				 char **pack_lockfile)
 {
 	struct ref *ref = copy_ref_list(orig_ref);
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	const char *agent_feature;
 	int agent_len;
+	struct fetch_negotiator negotiator;
+	fetch_negotiator_init(&negotiator, negotiation_algorithm);
 
 	sort_ref_list(&ref, ref_compare_name);
-	qsort(sought, nr_sought, sizeof(*sought), cmp_ref_by_name);
+	QSORT(sought, nr_sought, cmp_ref_by_name);
 
-	if (is_repository_shallow() && !server_supports("shallow"))
-		die("Server does not support shallow clients");
+	if ((args->depth > 0 || is_repository_shallow(the_repository)) && !server_supports("shallow"))
+		die(_("Server does not support shallow clients"));
+	if (args->depth > 0 || args->deepen_since || args->deepen_not)
+		args->deepen = 1;
 	if (server_supports("multi_ack_detailed")) {
-		if (args->verbose)
-			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports multi_ack_detailed\n");
+		print_verbose(args, _("Server supports multi_ack_detailed"));
 		multi_ack = 2;
 		if (server_supports("no-done")) {
-			if (args->verbose)
-				fprintf(stderr, "Server supports no-done\n");
+			print_verbose(args, _("Server supports no-done"));
 			if (args->stateless_rpc)
 				no_done = 1;
 		}
 	}
 	else if (server_supports("multi_ack")) {
-		if (args->verbose)
-			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports multi_ack\n");
+		print_verbose(args, _("Server supports multi_ack"));
 		multi_ack = 1;
 	}
 	if (server_supports("side-band-64k")) {
-		if (args->verbose)
-			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports side-band-64k\n");
+		print_verbose(args, _("Server supports side-band-64k"));
 		use_sideband = 2;
 	}
 	else if (server_supports("side-band")) {
-		if (args->verbose)
-			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports side-band\n");
+		print_verbose(args, _("Server supports side-band"));
 		use_sideband = 1;
 	}
 	if (server_supports("allow-tip-sha1-in-want")) {
-		if (args->verbose)
-			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports allow-tip-sha1-in-want\n");
-		allow_tip_sha1_in_want = 1;
+		print_verbose(args, _("Server supports allow-tip-sha1-in-want"));
+		allow_unadvertised_object_request |= ALLOW_TIP_SHA1;
+	}
+	if (server_supports("allow-reachable-sha1-in-want")) {
+		print_verbose(args, _("Server supports allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"));
+		allow_unadvertised_object_request |= ALLOW_REACHABLE_SHA1;
 	}
 	if (!server_supports("thin-pack"))
 		args->use_thin_pack = 0;
@@ -829,33 +961,51 @@ static struct ref *do_fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 		args->no_progress = 0;
 	if (!server_supports("include-tag"))
 		args->include_tag = 0;
-	if (server_supports("ofs-delta")) {
-		if (args->verbose)
-			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports ofs-delta\n");
-	} else
+	if (server_supports("ofs-delta"))
+		print_verbose(args, _("Server supports ofs-delta"));
+	else
 		prefer_ofs_delta = 0;
 
+	if (server_supports("filter")) {
+		server_supports_filtering = 1;
+		print_verbose(args, _("Server supports filter"));
+	} else if (args->filter_options.choice) {
+		warning("filtering not recognized by server, ignoring");
+	}
+
 	if ((agent_feature = server_feature_value("agent", &agent_len))) {
 		agent_supported = 1;
-		if (args->verbose && agent_len)
-			fprintf(stderr, "Server version is %.*s\n",
-				agent_len, agent_feature);
+		if (agent_len)
+			print_verbose(args, _("Server version is %.*s"),
+				      agent_len, agent_feature);
 	}
-
-	if (everything_local(args, &ref, sought, nr_sought)) {
+	if (server_supports("deepen-since"))
+		deepen_since_ok = 1;
+	else if (args->deepen_since)
+		die(_("Server does not support --shallow-since"));
+	if (server_supports("deepen-not"))
+		deepen_not_ok = 1;
+	else if (args->deepen_not)
+		die(_("Server does not support --shallow-exclude"));
+	if (!server_supports("deepen-relative") && args->deepen_relative)
+		die(_("Server does not support --deepen"));
+
+	mark_complete_and_common_ref(&negotiator, args, &ref);
+	filter_refs(args, &ref, sought, nr_sought);
+	if (everything_local(args, &ref)) {
 		packet_flush(fd[1]);
 		goto all_done;
 	}
-	if (find_common(args, fd, sha1, ref) < 0)
+	if (find_common(&negotiator, args, fd, &oid, ref) < 0)
 		if (!args->keep_pack)
 			/* When cloning, it is not unusual to have
 			 * no common commit.
 			 */
-			warning("no common commits");
+			warning(_("no common commits"));
 
 	if (args->stateless_rpc)
 		packet_flush(fd[1]);
-	if (args->depth > 0)
+	if (args->deepen)
 		setup_alternate_shallow(&shallow_lock, &alternate_shallow_file,
 					NULL);
 	else if (si->nr_ours || si->nr_theirs)
@@ -863,12 +1013,422 @@ static struct ref *do_fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 	else
 		alternate_shallow_file = NULL;
 	if (get_pack(args, fd, pack_lockfile))
-		die("git fetch-pack: fetch failed.");
+		die(_("git fetch-pack: fetch failed."));
 
  all_done:
+	negotiator.release(&negotiator);
+	return ref;
+}
+
+static void add_shallow_requests(struct strbuf *req_buf,
+				 const struct fetch_pack_args *args)
+{
+	if (is_repository_shallow(the_repository))
+		write_shallow_commits(req_buf, 1, NULL);
+	if (args->depth > 0)
+		packet_buf_write(req_buf, "deepen %d", args->depth);
+	if (args->deepen_since) {
+		timestamp_t max_age = approxidate(args->deepen_since);
+		packet_buf_write(req_buf, "deepen-since %"PRItime, max_age);
+	}
+	if (args->deepen_not) {
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < args->deepen_not->nr; i++) {
+			struct string_list_item *s = args->deepen_not->items + i;
+			packet_buf_write(req_buf, "deepen-not %s", s->string);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void add_wants(const struct ref *wants, struct strbuf *req_buf)
+{
+	int use_ref_in_want = server_supports_feature("fetch", "ref-in-want", 0);
+
+	for ( ; wants ; wants = wants->next) {
+		const struct object_id *remote = &wants->old_oid;
+		struct object *o;
+
+		/*
+		 * If that object is complete (i.e. it is an ancestor of a
+		 * local ref), we tell them we have it but do not have to
+		 * tell them about its ancestors, which they already know
+		 * about.
+		 *
+		 * We use lookup_object here because we are only
+		 * interested in the case we *know* the object is
+		 * reachable and we have already scanned it.
+		 */
+		if (((o = lookup_object(the_repository, remote->hash)) != NULL) &&
+		    (o->flags & COMPLETE)) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!use_ref_in_want || wants->exact_oid)
+			packet_buf_write(req_buf, "want %s\n", oid_to_hex(remote));
+		else
+			packet_buf_write(req_buf, "want-ref %s\n", wants->name);
+	}
+}
+
+static void add_common(struct strbuf *req_buf, struct oidset *common)
+{
+	struct oidset_iter iter;
+	const struct object_id *oid;
+	oidset_iter_init(common, &iter);
+
+	while ((oid = oidset_iter_next(&iter))) {
+		packet_buf_write(req_buf, "have %s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
+	}
+}
+
+static int add_haves(struct fetch_negotiator *negotiator,
+		     struct strbuf *req_buf,
+		     int *haves_to_send, int *in_vain)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	int haves_added = 0;
+	const struct object_id *oid;
+
+	while ((oid = negotiator->next(negotiator))) {
+		packet_buf_write(req_buf, "have %s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
+		if (++haves_added >= *haves_to_send)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	*in_vain += haves_added;
+	if (!haves_added || *in_vain >= MAX_IN_VAIN) {
+		/* Send Done */
+		packet_buf_write(req_buf, "done\n");
+		ret = 1;
+	}
+
+	/* Increase haves to send on next round */
+	*haves_to_send = next_flush(1, *haves_to_send);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int send_fetch_request(struct fetch_negotiator *negotiator, int fd_out,
+			      const struct fetch_pack_args *args,
+			      const struct ref *wants, struct oidset *common,
+			      int *haves_to_send, int *in_vain)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct strbuf req_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (server_supports_v2("fetch", 1))
+		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "command=fetch");
+	if (server_supports_v2("agent", 0))
+		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "agent=%s", git_user_agent_sanitized());
+	if (args->server_options && args->server_options->nr &&
+	    server_supports_v2("server-option", 1)) {
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < args->server_options->nr; i++)
+			packet_write_fmt(fd_out, "server-option=%s",
+					 args->server_options->items[i].string);
+	}
+
+	packet_buf_delim(&req_buf);
+	if (args->use_thin_pack)
+		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "thin-pack");
+	if (args->no_progress)
+		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "no-progress");
+	if (args->include_tag)
+		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "include-tag");
+	if (prefer_ofs_delta)
+		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "ofs-delta");
+
+	/* Add shallow-info and deepen request */
+	if (server_supports_feature("fetch", "shallow", 0))
+		add_shallow_requests(&req_buf, args);
+	else if (is_repository_shallow(the_repository) || args->deepen)
+		die(_("Server does not support shallow requests"));
+
+	/* Add filter */
+	if (server_supports_feature("fetch", "filter", 0) &&
+	    args->filter_options.choice) {
+		print_verbose(args, _("Server supports filter"));
+		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "filter %s",
+				 args->filter_options.filter_spec);
+	} else if (args->filter_options.choice) {
+		warning("filtering not recognized by server, ignoring");
+	}
+
+	/* add wants */
+	add_wants(wants, &req_buf);
+
+	if (args->no_dependents) {
+		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "done");
+		ret = 1;
+	} else {
+		/* Add all of the common commits we've found in previous rounds */
+		add_common(&req_buf, common);
+
+		/* Add initial haves */
+		ret = add_haves(negotiator, &req_buf, haves_to_send, in_vain);
+	}
+
+	/* Send request */
+	packet_buf_flush(&req_buf);
+	write_or_die(fd_out, req_buf.buf, req_buf.len);
+
+	strbuf_release(&req_buf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Processes a section header in a server's response and checks if it matches
+ * `section`.  If the value of `peek` is 1, the header line will be peeked (and
+ * not consumed); if 0, the line will be consumed and the function will die if
+ * the section header doesn't match what was expected.
+ */
+static int process_section_header(struct packet_reader *reader,
+				  const char *section, int peek)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	if (packet_reader_peek(reader) != PACKET_READ_NORMAL)
+		die(_("error reading section header '%s'"), section);
+
+	ret = !strcmp(reader->line, section);
+
+	if (!peek) {
+		if (!ret)
+			die(_("expected '%s', received '%s'"),
+			    section, reader->line);
+		packet_reader_read(reader);
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int process_acks(struct fetch_negotiator *negotiator,
+			struct packet_reader *reader,
+			struct oidset *common)
+{
+	/* received */
+	int received_ready = 0;
+	int received_ack = 0;
+
+	process_section_header(reader, "acknowledgments", 0);
+	while (packet_reader_read(reader) == PACKET_READ_NORMAL) {
+		const char *arg;
+
+		if (!strcmp(reader->line, "NAK"))
+			continue;
+
+		if (skip_prefix(reader->line, "ACK ", &arg)) {
+			struct object_id oid;
+			if (!get_oid_hex(arg, &oid)) {
+				struct commit *commit;
+				oidset_insert(common, &oid);
+				commit = lookup_commit(the_repository, &oid);
+				negotiator->ack(negotiator, commit);
+			}
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!strcmp(reader->line, "ready")) {
+			received_ready = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		die(_("unexpected acknowledgment line: '%s'"), reader->line);
+	}
+
+	if (reader->status != PACKET_READ_FLUSH &&
+	    reader->status != PACKET_READ_DELIM)
+		die(_("error processing acks: %d"), reader->status);
+
+	/* return 0 if no common, 1 if there are common, or 2 if ready */
+	return received_ready ? 2 : (received_ack ? 1 : 0);
+}
+
+static void receive_shallow_info(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
+				 struct packet_reader *reader)
+{
+	process_section_header(reader, "shallow-info", 0);
+	while (packet_reader_read(reader) == PACKET_READ_NORMAL) {
+		const char *arg;
+		struct object_id oid;
+
+		if (skip_prefix(reader->line, "shallow ", &arg)) {
+			if (get_oid_hex(arg, &oid))
+				die(_("invalid shallow line: %s"), reader->line);
+			register_shallow(the_repository, &oid);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (skip_prefix(reader->line, "unshallow ", &arg)) {
+			if (get_oid_hex(arg, &oid))
+				die(_("invalid unshallow line: %s"), reader->line);
+			if (!lookup_object(the_repository, oid.hash))
+				die(_("object not found: %s"), reader->line);
+			/* make sure that it is parsed as shallow */
+			if (!parse_object(the_repository, &oid))
+				die(_("error in object: %s"), reader->line);
+			if (unregister_shallow(&oid))
+				die(_("no shallow found: %s"), reader->line);
+			continue;
+		}
+		die(_("expected shallow/unshallow, got %s"), reader->line);
+	}
+
+	if (reader->status != PACKET_READ_FLUSH &&
+	    reader->status != PACKET_READ_DELIM)
+		die(_("error processing shallow info: %d"), reader->status);
+
+	setup_alternate_shallow(&shallow_lock, &alternate_shallow_file, NULL);
+	args->deepen = 1;
+}
+
+static void receive_wanted_refs(struct packet_reader *reader,
+				struct ref **sought, int nr_sought)
+{
+	process_section_header(reader, "wanted-refs", 0);
+	while (packet_reader_read(reader) == PACKET_READ_NORMAL) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		const char *end;
+		int i;
+
+		if (parse_oid_hex(reader->line, &oid, &end) || *end++ != ' ')
+			die(_("expected wanted-ref, got '%s'"), reader->line);
+
+		for (i = 0; i < nr_sought; i++) {
+			if (!strcmp(end, sought[i]->name)) {
+				oidcpy(&sought[i]->old_oid, &oid);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (i == nr_sought)
+			die(_("unexpected wanted-ref: '%s'"), reader->line);
+	}
+
+	if (reader->status != PACKET_READ_DELIM)
+		die(_("error processing wanted refs: %d"), reader->status);
+}
+
+enum fetch_state {
+	FETCH_CHECK_LOCAL = 0,
+	FETCH_SEND_REQUEST,
+	FETCH_PROCESS_ACKS,
+	FETCH_GET_PACK,
+	FETCH_DONE,
+};
+
+static struct ref *do_fetch_pack_v2(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
+				    int fd[2],
+				    const struct ref *orig_ref,
+				    struct ref **sought, int nr_sought,
+				    char **pack_lockfile)
+{
+	struct ref *ref = copy_ref_list(orig_ref);
+	enum fetch_state state = FETCH_CHECK_LOCAL;
+	struct oidset common = OIDSET_INIT;
+	struct packet_reader reader;
+	int in_vain = 0;
+	int haves_to_send = INITIAL_FLUSH;
+	struct fetch_negotiator negotiator;
+	fetch_negotiator_init(&negotiator, negotiation_algorithm);
+	packet_reader_init(&reader, fd[0], NULL, 0,
+			   PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE);
+
+	while (state != FETCH_DONE) {
+		switch (state) {
+		case FETCH_CHECK_LOCAL:
+			sort_ref_list(&ref, ref_compare_name);
+			QSORT(sought, nr_sought, cmp_ref_by_name);
+
+			/* v2 supports these by default */
+			allow_unadvertised_object_request |= ALLOW_REACHABLE_SHA1;
+			use_sideband = 2;
+			if (args->depth > 0 || args->deepen_since || args->deepen_not)
+				args->deepen = 1;
+
+			/* Filter 'ref' by 'sought' and those that aren't local */
+			mark_complete_and_common_ref(&negotiator, args, &ref);
+			filter_refs(args, &ref, sought, nr_sought);
+			if (everything_local(args, &ref))
+				state = FETCH_DONE;
+			else
+				state = FETCH_SEND_REQUEST;
+
+			mark_tips(&negotiator, args->negotiation_tips);
+			for_each_cached_alternate(&negotiator,
+						  insert_one_alternate_object);
+			break;
+		case FETCH_SEND_REQUEST:
+			if (send_fetch_request(&negotiator, fd[1], args, ref,
+					       &common,
+					       &haves_to_send, &in_vain))
+				state = FETCH_GET_PACK;
+			else
+				state = FETCH_PROCESS_ACKS;
+			break;
+		case FETCH_PROCESS_ACKS:
+			/* Process ACKs/NAKs */
+			switch (process_acks(&negotiator, &reader, &common)) {
+			case 2:
+				state = FETCH_GET_PACK;
+				break;
+			case 1:
+				in_vain = 0;
+				/* fallthrough */
+			default:
+				state = FETCH_SEND_REQUEST;
+				break;
+			}
+			break;
+		case FETCH_GET_PACK:
+			/* Check for shallow-info section */
+			if (process_section_header(&reader, "shallow-info", 1))
+				receive_shallow_info(args, &reader);
+
+			if (process_section_header(&reader, "wanted-refs", 1))
+				receive_wanted_refs(&reader, sought, nr_sought);
+
+			/* get the pack */
+			process_section_header(&reader, "packfile", 0);
+			if (get_pack(args, fd, pack_lockfile))
+				die(_("git fetch-pack: fetch failed."));
+
+			state = FETCH_DONE;
+			break;
+		case FETCH_DONE:
+			continue;
+		}
+	}
+
+	negotiator.release(&negotiator);
+	oidset_clear(&common);
 	return ref;
 }
 
+static int fetch_pack_config_cb(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (strcmp(var, "fetch.fsck.skiplist") == 0) {
+		const char *path;
+
+		if (git_config_pathname(&path, var, value))
+			return 1;
+		strbuf_addf(&fsck_msg_types, "%cskiplist=%s",
+			fsck_msg_types.len ? ',' : '=', path);
+		free((char *)path);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (skip_prefix(var, "fetch.fsck.", &var)) {
+		if (is_valid_msg_type(var, value))
+			strbuf_addf(&fsck_msg_types, "%c%s=%s",
+				fsck_msg_types.len ? ',' : '=', var, value);
+		else
+			warning("Skipping unknown msg id '%s'", var);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+}
+
 static void fetch_pack_config(void)
 {
 	git_config_get_int("fetch.unpacklimit", &fetch_unpack_limit);
@@ -876,8 +1436,10 @@ static void fetch_pack_config(void)
 	git_config_get_bool("repack.usedeltabaseoffset", &prefer_ofs_delta);
 	git_config_get_bool("fetch.fsckobjects", &fetch_fsck_objects);
 	git_config_get_bool("transfer.fsckobjects", &transfer_fsck_objects);
+	git_config_get_string("fetch.negotiationalgorithm",
+			      &negotiation_algorithm);
 
-	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	git_config(fetch_pack_config_cb, NULL);
 }
 
 static void fetch_pack_setup(void)
@@ -918,13 +1480,13 @@ static void update_shallow(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 			   struct ref **sought, int nr_sought,
 			   struct shallow_info *si)
 {
-	struct sha1_array ref = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct oid_array ref = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
 	int *status;
 	int i;
 
-	if (args->depth > 0 && alternate_shallow_file) {
+	if (args->deepen && alternate_shallow_file) {
 		if (*alternate_shallow_file == '\0') { /* --unshallow */
-			unlink_or_warn(git_path("shallow"));
+			unlink_or_warn(git_path_shallow(the_repository));
 			rollback_lock_file(&shallow_lock);
 		} else
 			commit_lock_file(&shallow_lock);
@@ -941,18 +1503,18 @@ static void update_shallow(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 		 * shallow points that exist in the pack (iow in repo
 		 * after get_pack() and reprepare_packed_git())
 		 */
-		struct sha1_array extra = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
-		unsigned char (*sha1)[20] = si->shallow->sha1;
+		struct oid_array extra = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
+		struct object_id *oid = si->shallow->oid;
 		for (i = 0; i < si->shallow->nr; i++)
-			if (has_sha1_file(sha1[i]))
-				sha1_array_append(&extra, sha1[i]);
+			if (has_object_file(&oid[i]))
+				oid_array_append(&extra, &oid[i]);
 		if (extra.nr) {
 			setup_alternate_shallow(&shallow_lock,
 						&alternate_shallow_file,
 						&extra);
 			commit_lock_file(&shallow_lock);
 		}
-		sha1_array_clear(&extra);
+		oid_array_clear(&extra);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -963,7 +1525,7 @@ static void update_shallow(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 	if (!si->nr_ours && !si->nr_theirs)
 		return;
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_sought; i++)
-		sha1_array_append(&ref, sought[i]->old_sha1);
+		oid_array_append(&ref, &sought[i]->old_oid);
 	si->ref = &ref;
 
 	if (args->update_shallow) {
@@ -973,23 +1535,23 @@ static void update_shallow(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 		 * shallow roots that are actually reachable from new
 		 * refs.
 		 */
-		struct sha1_array extra = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
-		unsigned char (*sha1)[20] = si->shallow->sha1;
+		struct oid_array extra = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
+		struct object_id *oid = si->shallow->oid;
 		assign_shallow_commits_to_refs(si, NULL, NULL);
 		if (!si->nr_ours && !si->nr_theirs) {
-			sha1_array_clear(&ref);
+			oid_array_clear(&ref);
 			return;
 		}
 		for (i = 0; i < si->nr_ours; i++)
-			sha1_array_append(&extra, sha1[si->ours[i]]);
+			oid_array_append(&extra, &oid[si->ours[i]]);
 		for (i = 0; i < si->nr_theirs; i++)
-			sha1_array_append(&extra, sha1[si->theirs[i]]);
+			oid_array_append(&extra, &oid[si->theirs[i]]);
 		setup_alternate_shallow(&shallow_lock,
 					&alternate_shallow_file,
 					&extra);
 		commit_lock_file(&shallow_lock);
-		sha1_array_clear(&extra);
-		sha1_array_clear(&ref);
+		oid_array_clear(&extra);
+		oid_array_clear(&ref);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -1005,7 +1567,19 @@ static void update_shallow(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 				sought[i]->status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_SHALLOW;
 	}
 	free(status);
-	sha1_array_clear(&ref);
+	oid_array_clear(&ref);
+}
+
+static int iterate_ref_map(void *cb_data, struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	struct ref **rm = cb_data;
+	struct ref *ref = *rm;
+
+	if (!ref)
+		return -1; /* end of the list */
+	*rm = ref->next;
+	oidcpy(oid, &ref->old_oid);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 struct ref *fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
@@ -1013,8 +1587,9 @@ struct ref *fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 		       const struct ref *ref,
 		       const char *dest,
 		       struct ref **sought, int nr_sought,
-		       struct sha1_array *shallow,
-		       char **pack_lockfile)
+		       struct oid_array *shallow,
+		       char **pack_lockfile,
+		       enum protocol_version version)
 {
 	struct ref *ref_cpy;
 	struct shallow_info si;
@@ -1025,13 +1600,58 @@ struct ref *fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 
 	if (!ref) {
 		packet_flush(fd[1]);
-		die("no matching remote head");
+		die(_("no matching remote head"));
 	}
 	prepare_shallow_info(&si, shallow);
-	ref_cpy = do_fetch_pack(args, fd, ref, sought, nr_sought,
-				&si, pack_lockfile);
-	reprepare_packed_git();
+	if (version == protocol_v2)
+		ref_cpy = do_fetch_pack_v2(args, fd, ref, sought, nr_sought,
+					   pack_lockfile);
+	else
+		ref_cpy = do_fetch_pack(args, fd, ref, sought, nr_sought,
+					&si, pack_lockfile);
+	reprepare_packed_git(the_repository);
+
+	if (!args->cloning && args->deepen) {
+		struct check_connected_options opt = CHECK_CONNECTED_INIT;
+		struct ref *iterator = ref_cpy;
+		opt.shallow_file = alternate_shallow_file;
+		if (args->deepen)
+			opt.is_deepening_fetch = 1;
+		if (check_connected(iterate_ref_map, &iterator, &opt)) {
+			error(_("remote did not send all necessary objects"));
+			free_refs(ref_cpy);
+			ref_cpy = NULL;
+			rollback_lock_file(&shallow_lock);
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+		args->connectivity_checked = 1;
+	}
+
 	update_shallow(args, sought, nr_sought, &si);
+cleanup:
 	clear_shallow_info(&si);
 	return ref_cpy;
 }
+
+int report_unmatched_refs(struct ref **sought, int nr_sought)
+{
+	int i, ret = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_sought; i++) {
+		if (!sought[i])
+			continue;
+		switch (sought[i]->match_status) {
+		case REF_MATCHED:
+			continue;
+		case REF_NOT_MATCHED:
+			error(_("no such remote ref %s"), sought[i]->name);
+			break;
+		case REF_UNADVERTISED_NOT_ALLOWED:
+			error(_("Server does not allow request for unadvertised object %s"),
+			      sought[i]->name);
+			break;
+		}
+		ret = 1;
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/fetch-pack.h b/fetch-pack.h
index bb7fd76e59..5b6e868802 100644
--- a/fetch-pack.h
+++ b/fetch-pack.h
@@ -3,13 +3,27 @@
 
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "protocol.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"
 
-struct sha1_array;
+struct oid_array;
 
 struct fetch_pack_args {
 	const char *uploadpack;
 	int unpacklimit;
 	int depth;
+	const char *deepen_since;
+	const struct string_list *deepen_not;
+	struct list_objects_filter_options filter_options;
+	const struct string_list *server_options;
+
+	/*
+	 * If not NULL, during packfile negotiation, fetch-pack will send "have"
+	 * lines only with these tips and their ancestors.
+	 */
+	const struct oid_array *negotiation_tips;
+
+	unsigned deepen_relative:1;
 	unsigned quiet:1;
 	unsigned keep_pack:1;
 	unsigned lock_pack:1;
@@ -25,6 +39,30 @@ struct fetch_pack_args {
 	unsigned self_contained_and_connected:1;
 	unsigned cloning:1;
 	unsigned update_shallow:1;
+	unsigned deepen:1;
+	unsigned from_promisor:1;
+
+	/*
+	 * If 1, fetch_pack() will also not modify any object flags.
+	 * This allows fetch_pack() to safely be called by any function,
+	 * regardless of which object flags it uses (if any).
+	 */
+	unsigned no_dependents:1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Because fetch_pack() overwrites the shallow file upon a
+	 * successful deepening non-clone fetch, if this struct
+	 * specifies such a fetch, fetch_pack() needs to perform a
+	 * connectivity check before deciding if a fetch is successful
+	 * (and overwriting the shallow file). fetch_pack() sets this
+	 * field to 1 if such a connectivity check was performed.
+	 *
+	 * This is different from check_self_contained_and_connected
+	 * in that the former allows existing objects in the
+	 * repository to satisfy connectivity needs, whereas the
+	 * latter doesn't.
+	 */
+	unsigned connectivity_checked:1;
 };
 
 /*
@@ -38,7 +76,14 @@ struct ref *fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 		       const char *dest,
 		       struct ref **sought,
 		       int nr_sought,
-		       struct sha1_array *shallow,
-		       char **pack_lockfile);
+		       struct oid_array *shallow,
+		       char **pack_lockfile,
+		       enum protocol_version version);
+
+/*
+ * Print an appropriate error message for each sought ref that wasn't
+ * matched.  Return 0 if all sought refs were matched, otherwise 1.
+ */
+int report_unmatched_refs(struct ref **sought, int nr_sought);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/fsck.c b/fsck.c
index 10bcb65151..a0cee0be59 100644
--- a/fsck.c
+++ b/fsck.c
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "tree.h"
@@ -8,29 +10,426 @@
 #include "fsck.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
+#include "sha1-array.h"
+#include "decorate.h"
+#include "oidset.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "help.h"
 
-static int fsck_walk_tree(struct tree *tree, fsck_walk_func walk, void *data)
+static struct oidset gitmodules_found = OIDSET_INIT;
+static struct oidset gitmodules_done = OIDSET_INIT;
+
+#define FSCK_FATAL -1
+#define FSCK_INFO -2
+
+#define FOREACH_MSG_ID(FUNC) \
+	/* fatal errors */ \
+	FUNC(NUL_IN_HEADER, FATAL) \
+	FUNC(UNTERMINATED_HEADER, FATAL) \
+	/* errors */ \
+	FUNC(BAD_DATE, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(BAD_DATE_OVERFLOW, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(BAD_EMAIL, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(BAD_NAME, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(BAD_OBJECT_SHA1, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(BAD_PARENT_SHA1, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(BAD_TAG_OBJECT, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(BAD_TIMEZONE, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(BAD_TREE, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(BAD_TREE_SHA1, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(BAD_TYPE, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(DUPLICATE_ENTRIES, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(MISSING_AUTHOR, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(MISSING_COMMITTER, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(MISSING_EMAIL, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(MISSING_GRAFT, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(MISSING_NAME_BEFORE_EMAIL, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(MISSING_OBJECT, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(MISSING_PARENT, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(MISSING_SPACE_BEFORE_DATE, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(MISSING_SPACE_BEFORE_EMAIL, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(MISSING_TAG, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(MISSING_TAG_ENTRY, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(MISSING_TAG_OBJECT, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(MISSING_TREE, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(MISSING_TREE_OBJECT, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(MISSING_TYPE, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(MISSING_TYPE_ENTRY, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(MULTIPLE_AUTHORS, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(TAG_OBJECT_NOT_TAG, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(TREE_NOT_SORTED, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(UNKNOWN_TYPE, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(ZERO_PADDED_DATE, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(GITMODULES_MISSING, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(GITMODULES_BLOB, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(GITMODULES_LARGE, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(GITMODULES_NAME, ERROR) \
+	FUNC(GITMODULES_SYMLINK, ERROR) \
+	/* warnings */ \
+	FUNC(BAD_FILEMODE, WARN) \
+	FUNC(EMPTY_NAME, WARN) \
+	FUNC(FULL_PATHNAME, WARN) \
+	FUNC(HAS_DOT, WARN) \
+	FUNC(HAS_DOTDOT, WARN) \
+	FUNC(HAS_DOTGIT, WARN) \
+	FUNC(NULL_SHA1, WARN) \
+	FUNC(ZERO_PADDED_FILEMODE, WARN) \
+	FUNC(NUL_IN_COMMIT, WARN) \
+	/* infos (reported as warnings, but ignored by default) */ \
+	FUNC(GITMODULES_PARSE, INFO) \
+	FUNC(BAD_TAG_NAME, INFO) \
+	FUNC(MISSING_TAGGER_ENTRY, INFO)
+
+#define MSG_ID(id, msg_type) FSCK_MSG_##id,
+enum fsck_msg_id {
+	FOREACH_MSG_ID(MSG_ID)
+	FSCK_MSG_MAX
+};
+#undef MSG_ID
+
+#define STR(x) #x
+#define MSG_ID(id, msg_type) { STR(id), NULL, NULL, FSCK_##msg_type },
+static struct {
+	const char *id_string;
+	const char *downcased;
+	const char *camelcased;
+	int msg_type;
+} msg_id_info[FSCK_MSG_MAX + 1] = {
+	FOREACH_MSG_ID(MSG_ID)
+	{ NULL, NULL, NULL, -1 }
+};
+#undef MSG_ID
+
+static void prepare_msg_ids(void)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (msg_id_info[0].downcased)
+		return;
+
+	/* convert id_string to lower case, without underscores. */
+	for (i = 0; i < FSCK_MSG_MAX; i++) {
+		const char *p = msg_id_info[i].id_string;
+		int len = strlen(p);
+		char *q = xmalloc(len);
+
+		msg_id_info[i].downcased = q;
+		while (*p)
+			if (*p == '_')
+				p++;
+			else
+				*(q)++ = tolower(*(p)++);
+		*q = '\0';
+
+		p = msg_id_info[i].id_string;
+		q = xmalloc(len);
+		msg_id_info[i].camelcased = q;
+		while (*p) {
+			if (*p == '_') {
+				p++;
+				if (*p)
+					*q++ = *p++;
+			} else {
+				*q++ = tolower(*p++);
+			}
+		}
+		*q = '\0';
+	}
+}
+
+static int parse_msg_id(const char *text)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	prepare_msg_ids();
+
+	for (i = 0; i < FSCK_MSG_MAX; i++)
+		if (!strcmp(text, msg_id_info[i].downcased))
+			return i;
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+void list_config_fsck_msg_ids(struct string_list *list, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	prepare_msg_ids();
+
+	for (i = 0; i < FSCK_MSG_MAX; i++)
+		list_config_item(list, prefix, msg_id_info[i].camelcased);
+}
+
+static int fsck_msg_type(enum fsck_msg_id msg_id,
+	struct fsck_options *options)
+{
+	int msg_type;
+
+	assert(msg_id >= 0 && msg_id < FSCK_MSG_MAX);
+
+	if (options->msg_type)
+		msg_type = options->msg_type[msg_id];
+	else {
+		msg_type = msg_id_info[msg_id].msg_type;
+		if (options->strict && msg_type == FSCK_WARN)
+			msg_type = FSCK_ERROR;
+	}
+
+	return msg_type;
+}
+
+static void init_skiplist(struct fsck_options *options, const char *path)
+{
+	static struct oid_array skiplist = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
+	int sorted, fd;
+	char buffer[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
+	struct object_id oid;
+
+	if (options->skiplist)
+		sorted = options->skiplist->sorted;
+	else {
+		sorted = 1;
+		options->skiplist = &skiplist;
+	}
+
+	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		die("Could not open skip list: %s", path);
+	for (;;) {
+		const char *p;
+		int result = read_in_full(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+		if (result < 0)
+			die_errno("Could not read '%s'", path);
+		if (!result)
+			break;
+		if (parse_oid_hex(buffer, &oid, &p) || *p != '\n')
+			die("Invalid SHA-1: %s", buffer);
+		oid_array_append(&skiplist, &oid);
+		if (sorted && skiplist.nr > 1 &&
+				oidcmp(&skiplist.oid[skiplist.nr - 2],
+				       &oid) > 0)
+			sorted = 0;
+	}
+	close(fd);
+
+	if (sorted)
+		skiplist.sorted = 1;
+}
+
+static int parse_msg_type(const char *str)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(str, "error"))
+		return FSCK_ERROR;
+	else if (!strcmp(str, "warn"))
+		return FSCK_WARN;
+	else if (!strcmp(str, "ignore"))
+		return FSCK_IGNORE;
+	else
+		die("Unknown fsck message type: '%s'", str);
+}
+
+int is_valid_msg_type(const char *msg_id, const char *msg_type)
+{
+	if (parse_msg_id(msg_id) < 0)
+		return 0;
+	parse_msg_type(msg_type);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+void fsck_set_msg_type(struct fsck_options *options,
+		const char *msg_id, const char *msg_type)
+{
+	int id = parse_msg_id(msg_id), type;
+
+	if (id < 0)
+		die("Unhandled message id: %s", msg_id);
+	type = parse_msg_type(msg_type);
+
+	if (type != FSCK_ERROR && msg_id_info[id].msg_type == FSCK_FATAL)
+		die("Cannot demote %s to %s", msg_id, msg_type);
+
+	if (!options->msg_type) {
+		int i;
+		int *msg_type;
+		ALLOC_ARRAY(msg_type, FSCK_MSG_MAX);
+		for (i = 0; i < FSCK_MSG_MAX; i++)
+			msg_type[i] = fsck_msg_type(i, options);
+		options->msg_type = msg_type;
+	}
+
+	options->msg_type[id] = type;
+}
+
+void fsck_set_msg_types(struct fsck_options *options, const char *values)
+{
+	char *buf = xstrdup(values), *to_free = buf;
+	int done = 0;
+
+	while (!done) {
+		int len = strcspn(buf, " ,|"), equal;
+
+		done = !buf[len];
+		if (!len) {
+			buf++;
+			continue;
+		}
+		buf[len] = '\0';
+
+		for (equal = 0;
+		     equal < len && buf[equal] != '=' && buf[equal] != ':';
+		     equal++)
+			buf[equal] = tolower(buf[equal]);
+		buf[equal] = '\0';
+
+		if (!strcmp(buf, "skiplist")) {
+			if (equal == len)
+				die("skiplist requires a path");
+			init_skiplist(options, buf + equal + 1);
+			buf += len + 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (equal == len)
+			die("Missing '=': '%s'", buf);
+
+		fsck_set_msg_type(options, buf, buf + equal + 1);
+		buf += len + 1;
+	}
+	free(to_free);
+}
+
+static void append_msg_id(struct strbuf *sb, const char *msg_id)
+{
+	for (;;) {
+		char c = *(msg_id)++;
+
+		if (!c)
+			break;
+		if (c != '_')
+			strbuf_addch(sb, tolower(c));
+		else {
+			assert(*msg_id);
+			strbuf_addch(sb, *(msg_id)++);
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addstr(sb, ": ");
+}
+
+static int object_on_skiplist(struct fsck_options *opts, struct object *obj)
+{
+	if (opts && opts->skiplist && obj)
+		return oid_array_lookup(opts->skiplist, &obj->oid) >= 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+__attribute__((format (printf, 4, 5)))
+static int report(struct fsck_options *options, struct object *object,
+	enum fsck_msg_id id, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int msg_type = fsck_msg_type(id, options), result;
+
+	if (msg_type == FSCK_IGNORE)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (object_on_skiplist(options, object))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (msg_type == FSCK_FATAL)
+		msg_type = FSCK_ERROR;
+	else if (msg_type == FSCK_INFO)
+		msg_type = FSCK_WARN;
+
+	append_msg_id(&sb, msg_id_info[id].id_string);
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	strbuf_vaddf(&sb, fmt, ap);
+	result = options->error_func(options, object, msg_type, sb.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+static char *get_object_name(struct fsck_options *options, struct object *obj)
+{
+	if (!options->object_names)
+		return NULL;
+	return lookup_decoration(options->object_names, obj);
+}
+
+static void put_object_name(struct fsck_options *options, struct object *obj,
+	const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *existing;
+
+	if (!options->object_names)
+		return;
+	existing = lookup_decoration(options->object_names, obj);
+	if (existing)
+		return;
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	strbuf_vaddf(&buf, fmt, ap);
+	add_decoration(options->object_names, obj, strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL));
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+
+static const char *describe_object(struct fsck_options *o, struct object *obj)
+{
+	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *name;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
+	if (o->object_names && (name = lookup_decoration(o->object_names, obj)))
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, " (%s)", name);
+
+	return buf.buf;
+}
+
+static int fsck_walk_tree(struct tree *tree, void *data, struct fsck_options *options)
 {
 	struct tree_desc desc;
 	struct name_entry entry;
 	int res = 0;
+	const char *name;
 
 	if (parse_tree(tree))
 		return -1;
 
-	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
-	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
+	name = get_object_name(options, &tree->object);
+	if (init_tree_desc_gently(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size))
+		return -1;
+	while (tree_entry_gently(&desc, &entry)) {
+		struct object *obj;
 		int result;
 
 		if (S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode))
 			continue;
-		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
-			result = walk(&lookup_tree(entry.sha1)->object, OBJ_TREE, data);
-		else if (S_ISREG(entry.mode) || S_ISLNK(entry.mode))
-			result = walk(&lookup_blob(entry.sha1)->object, OBJ_BLOB, data);
+
+		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode)) {
+			obj = (struct object *)lookup_tree(the_repository, entry.oid);
+			if (name && obj)
+				put_object_name(options, obj, "%s%s/", name,
+					entry.path);
+			result = options->walk(obj, OBJ_TREE, data, options);
+		}
+		else if (S_ISREG(entry.mode) || S_ISLNK(entry.mode)) {
+			obj = (struct object *)lookup_blob(the_repository, entry.oid);
+			if (name && obj)
+				put_object_name(options, obj, "%s%s", name,
+					entry.path);
+			result = options->walk(obj, OBJ_BLOB, data, options);
+		}
 		else {
 			result = error("in tree %s: entry %s has bad mode %.6o",
-					sha1_to_hex(tree->object.sha1), entry.path, entry.mode);
+					describe_object(options, &tree->object), entry.path, entry.mode);
 		}
 		if (result < 0)
 			return result;
@@ -40,23 +439,60 @@ static int fsck_walk_tree(struct tree *tree, fsck_walk_func walk, void *data)
 	return res;
 }
 
-static int fsck_walk_commit(struct commit *commit, fsck_walk_func walk, void *data)
+static int fsck_walk_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data, struct fsck_options *options)
 {
+	int counter = 0, generation = 0, name_prefix_len = 0;
 	struct commit_list *parents;
 	int res;
 	int result;
+	const char *name;
 
 	if (parse_commit(commit))
 		return -1;
 
-	result = walk((struct object *)commit->tree, OBJ_TREE, data);
+	name = get_object_name(options, &commit->object);
+	if (name)
+		put_object_name(options, &get_commit_tree(commit)->object,
+				"%s:", name);
+
+	result = options->walk((struct object *)get_commit_tree(commit),
+			       OBJ_TREE, data, options);
 	if (result < 0)
 		return result;
 	res = result;
 
 	parents = commit->parents;
+	if (name && parents) {
+		int len = strlen(name), power;
+
+		if (len && name[len - 1] == '^') {
+			generation = 1;
+			name_prefix_len = len - 1;
+		}
+		else { /* parse ~<generation> suffix */
+			for (generation = 0, power = 1;
+			     len && isdigit(name[len - 1]);
+			     power *= 10)
+				generation += power * (name[--len] - '0');
+			if (power > 1 && len && name[len - 1] == '~')
+				name_prefix_len = len - 1;
+		}
+	}
+
 	while (parents) {
-		result = walk((struct object *)parents->item, OBJ_COMMIT, data);
+		if (name) {
+			struct object *obj = &parents->item->object;
+
+			if (++counter > 1)
+				put_object_name(options, obj, "%s^%d",
+					name, counter);
+			else if (generation > 0)
+				put_object_name(options, obj, "%.*s~%d",
+					name_prefix_len, name, generation + 1);
+			else
+				put_object_name(options, obj, "%s^", name);
+		}
+		result = options->walk((struct object *)parents->item, OBJ_COMMIT, data, options);
 		if (result < 0)
 			return result;
 		if (!res)
@@ -66,28 +502,36 @@ static int fsck_walk_commit(struct commit *commit, fsck_walk_func walk, void *da
 	return res;
 }
 
-static int fsck_walk_tag(struct tag *tag, fsck_walk_func walk, void *data)
+static int fsck_walk_tag(struct tag *tag, void *data, struct fsck_options *options)
 {
+	char *name = get_object_name(options, &tag->object);
+
 	if (parse_tag(tag))
 		return -1;
-	return walk(tag->tagged, OBJ_ANY, data);
+	if (name)
+		put_object_name(options, tag->tagged, "%s", name);
+	return options->walk(tag->tagged, OBJ_ANY, data, options);
 }
 
-int fsck_walk(struct object *obj, fsck_walk_func walk, void *data)
+int fsck_walk(struct object *obj, void *data, struct fsck_options *options)
 {
 	if (!obj)
 		return -1;
+
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_NONE)
+		parse_object(the_repository, &obj->oid);
+
 	switch (obj->type) {
 	case OBJ_BLOB:
 		return 0;
 	case OBJ_TREE:
-		return fsck_walk_tree((struct tree *)obj, walk, data);
+		return fsck_walk_tree((struct tree *)obj, data, options);
 	case OBJ_COMMIT:
-		return fsck_walk_commit((struct commit *)obj, walk, data);
+		return fsck_walk_commit((struct commit *)obj, data, options);
 	case OBJ_TAG:
-		return fsck_walk_tag((struct tag *)obj, walk, data);
+		return fsck_walk_tag((struct tag *)obj, data, options);
 	default:
-		error("Unknown object type for %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+		error("Unknown object type for %s", describe_object(options, obj));
 		return -1;
 	}
 }
@@ -138,9 +582,9 @@ static int verify_ordered(unsigned mode1, const char *name1, unsigned mode2, con
 	return c1 < c2 ? 0 : TREE_UNORDERED;
 }
 
-static int fsck_tree(struct tree *item, int strict, fsck_error error_func)
+static int fsck_tree(struct tree *item, struct fsck_options *options)
 {
-	int retval;
+	int retval = 0;
 	int has_null_sha1 = 0;
 	int has_full_path = 0;
 	int has_empty_name = 0;
@@ -155,7 +599,10 @@ static int fsck_tree(struct tree *item, int strict, fsck_error error_func)
 	unsigned o_mode;
 	const char *o_name;
 
-	init_tree_desc(&desc, item->buffer, item->size);
+	if (init_tree_desc_gently(&desc, item->buffer, item->size)) {
+		retval += report(options, &item->object, FSCK_MSG_BAD_TREE, "cannot be parsed as a tree");
+		return retval;
+	}
 
 	o_mode = 0;
 	o_name = NULL;
@@ -163,20 +610,31 @@ static int fsck_tree(struct tree *item, int strict, fsck_error error_func)
 	while (desc.size) {
 		unsigned mode;
 		const char *name;
-		const unsigned char *sha1;
+		const struct object_id *oid;
 
-		sha1 = tree_entry_extract(&desc, &name, &mode);
+		oid = tree_entry_extract(&desc, &name, &mode);
 
-		has_null_sha1 |= is_null_sha1(sha1);
+		has_null_sha1 |= is_null_oid(oid);
 		has_full_path |= !!strchr(name, '/');
 		has_empty_name |= !*name;
 		has_dot |= !strcmp(name, ".");
 		has_dotdot |= !strcmp(name, "..");
-		has_dotgit |= (!strcmp(name, ".git") ||
-			       is_hfs_dotgit(name) ||
-			       is_ntfs_dotgit(name));
+		has_dotgit |= is_hfs_dotgit(name) || is_ntfs_dotgit(name);
 		has_zero_pad |= *(char *)desc.buffer == '0';
-		update_tree_entry(&desc);
+
+		if (is_hfs_dotgitmodules(name) || is_ntfs_dotgitmodules(name)) {
+			if (!S_ISLNK(mode))
+				oidset_insert(&gitmodules_found, oid);
+			else
+				retval += report(options, &item->object,
+						 FSCK_MSG_GITMODULES_SYMLINK,
+						 ".gitmodules is a symbolic link");
+		}
+
+		if (update_tree_entry_gently(&desc)) {
+			retval += report(options, &item->object, FSCK_MSG_BAD_TREE, "cannot be parsed as a tree");
+			break;
+		}
 
 		switch (mode) {
 		/*
@@ -194,8 +652,9 @@ static int fsck_tree(struct tree *item, int strict, fsck_error error_func)
 		 * bits..
 		 */
 		case S_IFREG | 0664:
-			if (!strict)
+			if (!options->strict)
 				break;
+			/* fallthrough */
 		default:
 			has_bad_modes = 1;
 		}
@@ -217,32 +676,31 @@ static int fsck_tree(struct tree *item, int strict, fsck_error error_func)
 		o_name = name;
 	}
 
-	retval = 0;
 	if (has_null_sha1)
-		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains entries pointing to null sha1");
+		retval += report(options, &item->object, FSCK_MSG_NULL_SHA1, "contains entries pointing to null sha1");
 	if (has_full_path)
-		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains full pathnames");
+		retval += report(options, &item->object, FSCK_MSG_FULL_PATHNAME, "contains full pathnames");
 	if (has_empty_name)
-		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains empty pathname");
+		retval += report(options, &item->object, FSCK_MSG_EMPTY_NAME, "contains empty pathname");
 	if (has_dot)
-		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains '.'");
+		retval += report(options, &item->object, FSCK_MSG_HAS_DOT, "contains '.'");
 	if (has_dotdot)
-		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains '..'");
+		retval += report(options, &item->object, FSCK_MSG_HAS_DOTDOT, "contains '..'");
 	if (has_dotgit)
-		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains '.git'");
+		retval += report(options, &item->object, FSCK_MSG_HAS_DOTGIT, "contains '.git'");
 	if (has_zero_pad)
-		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains zero-padded file modes");
+		retval += report(options, &item->object, FSCK_MSG_ZERO_PADDED_FILEMODE, "contains zero-padded file modes");
 	if (has_bad_modes)
-		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains bad file modes");
+		retval += report(options, &item->object, FSCK_MSG_BAD_FILEMODE, "contains bad file modes");
 	if (has_dup_entries)
-		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_ERROR, "contains duplicate file entries");
+		retval += report(options, &item->object, FSCK_MSG_DUPLICATE_ENTRIES, "contains duplicate file entries");
 	if (not_properly_sorted)
-		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_ERROR, "not properly sorted");
+		retval += report(options, &item->object, FSCK_MSG_TREE_NOT_SORTED, "not properly sorted");
 	return retval;
 }
 
-static int require_end_of_header(const void *data, unsigned long size,
-	struct object *obj, fsck_error error_func)
+static int verify_headers(const void *data, unsigned long size,
+			  struct object *obj, struct fsck_options *options)
 {
 	const char *buffer = (const char *)data;
 	unsigned long i;
@@ -250,123 +708,170 @@ static int require_end_of_header(const void *data, unsigned long size,
 	for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
 		switch (buffer[i]) {
 		case '\0':
-			return error_func(obj, FSCK_ERROR,
-				"unterminated header: NUL at offset %d", i);
+			return report(options, obj,
+				FSCK_MSG_NUL_IN_HEADER,
+				"unterminated header: NUL at offset %ld", i);
 		case '\n':
 			if (i + 1 < size && buffer[i + 1] == '\n')
 				return 0;
 		}
 	}
 
-	return error_func(obj, FSCK_ERROR, "unterminated header");
+	/*
+	 * We did not find double-LF that separates the header
+	 * and the body.  Not having a body is not a crime but
+	 * we do want to see the terminating LF for the last header
+	 * line.
+	 */
+	if (size && buffer[size - 1] == '\n')
+		return 0;
+
+	return report(options, obj,
+		FSCK_MSG_UNTERMINATED_HEADER, "unterminated header");
 }
 
-static int fsck_ident(const char **ident, struct object *obj, fsck_error error_func)
+static int fsck_ident(const char **ident, struct object *obj, struct fsck_options *options)
 {
+	const char *p = *ident;
 	char *end;
 
-	if (**ident == '<')
-		return error_func(obj, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid author/committer line - missing space before email");
-	*ident += strcspn(*ident, "<>\n");
-	if (**ident == '>')
-		return error_func(obj, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid author/committer line - bad name");
-	if (**ident != '<')
-		return error_func(obj, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid author/committer line - missing email");
-	if ((*ident)[-1] != ' ')
-		return error_func(obj, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid author/committer line - missing space before email");
-	(*ident)++;
-	*ident += strcspn(*ident, "<>\n");
-	if (**ident != '>')
-		return error_func(obj, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid author/committer line - bad email");
-	(*ident)++;
-	if (**ident != ' ')
-		return error_func(obj, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid author/committer line - missing space before date");
-	(*ident)++;
-	if (**ident == '0' && (*ident)[1] != ' ')
-		return error_func(obj, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid author/committer line - zero-padded date");
-	if (date_overflows(strtoul(*ident, &end, 10)))
-		return error_func(obj, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid author/committer line - date causes integer overflow");
-	if (end == *ident || *end != ' ')
-		return error_func(obj, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid author/committer line - bad date");
-	*ident = end + 1;
-	if ((**ident != '+' && **ident != '-') ||
-	    !isdigit((*ident)[1]) ||
-	    !isdigit((*ident)[2]) ||
-	    !isdigit((*ident)[3]) ||
-	    !isdigit((*ident)[4]) ||
-	    ((*ident)[5] != '\n'))
-		return error_func(obj, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid author/committer line - bad time zone");
-	(*ident) += 6;
+	*ident = strchrnul(*ident, '\n');
+	if (**ident == '\n')
+		(*ident)++;
+
+	if (*p == '<')
+		return report(options, obj, FSCK_MSG_MISSING_NAME_BEFORE_EMAIL, "invalid author/committer line - missing space before email");
+	p += strcspn(p, "<>\n");
+	if (*p == '>')
+		return report(options, obj, FSCK_MSG_BAD_NAME, "invalid author/committer line - bad name");
+	if (*p != '<')
+		return report(options, obj, FSCK_MSG_MISSING_EMAIL, "invalid author/committer line - missing email");
+	if (p[-1] != ' ')
+		return report(options, obj, FSCK_MSG_MISSING_SPACE_BEFORE_EMAIL, "invalid author/committer line - missing space before email");
+	p++;
+	p += strcspn(p, "<>\n");
+	if (*p != '>')
+		return report(options, obj, FSCK_MSG_BAD_EMAIL, "invalid author/committer line - bad email");
+	p++;
+	if (*p != ' ')
+		return report(options, obj, FSCK_MSG_MISSING_SPACE_BEFORE_DATE, "invalid author/committer line - missing space before date");
+	p++;
+	if (*p == '0' && p[1] != ' ')
+		return report(options, obj, FSCK_MSG_ZERO_PADDED_DATE, "invalid author/committer line - zero-padded date");
+	if (date_overflows(parse_timestamp(p, &end, 10)))
+		return report(options, obj, FSCK_MSG_BAD_DATE_OVERFLOW, "invalid author/committer line - date causes integer overflow");
+	if ((end == p || *end != ' '))
+		return report(options, obj, FSCK_MSG_BAD_DATE, "invalid author/committer line - bad date");
+	p = end + 1;
+	if ((*p != '+' && *p != '-') ||
+	    !isdigit(p[1]) ||
+	    !isdigit(p[2]) ||
+	    !isdigit(p[3]) ||
+	    !isdigit(p[4]) ||
+	    (p[5] != '\n'))
+		return report(options, obj, FSCK_MSG_BAD_TIMEZONE, "invalid author/committer line - bad time zone");
+	p += 6;
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int fsck_commit_buffer(struct commit *commit, const char *buffer,
-	unsigned long size, fsck_error error_func)
+	unsigned long size, struct fsck_options *options)
 {
-	unsigned char tree_sha1[20], sha1[20];
+	struct object_id tree_oid, oid;
 	struct commit_graft *graft;
-	unsigned parent_count, parent_line_count = 0;
+	unsigned parent_count, parent_line_count = 0, author_count;
 	int err;
+	const char *buffer_begin = buffer;
+	const char *p;
 
-	if (require_end_of_header(buffer, size, &commit->object, error_func))
+	if (verify_headers(buffer, size, &commit->object, options))
 		return -1;
 
 	if (!skip_prefix(buffer, "tree ", &buffer))
-		return error_func(&commit->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid format - expected 'tree' line");
-	if (get_sha1_hex(buffer, tree_sha1) || buffer[40] != '\n')
-		return error_func(&commit->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid 'tree' line format - bad sha1");
-	buffer += 41;
+		return report(options, &commit->object, FSCK_MSG_MISSING_TREE, "invalid format - expected 'tree' line");
+	if (parse_oid_hex(buffer, &tree_oid, &p) || *p != '\n') {
+		err = report(options, &commit->object, FSCK_MSG_BAD_TREE_SHA1, "invalid 'tree' line format - bad sha1");
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+	buffer = p + 1;
 	while (skip_prefix(buffer, "parent ", &buffer)) {
-		if (get_sha1_hex(buffer, sha1) || buffer[40] != '\n')
-			return error_func(&commit->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid 'parent' line format - bad sha1");
-		buffer += 41;
+		if (parse_oid_hex(buffer, &oid, &p) || *p != '\n') {
+			err = report(options, &commit->object, FSCK_MSG_BAD_PARENT_SHA1, "invalid 'parent' line format - bad sha1");
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+		}
+		buffer = p + 1;
 		parent_line_count++;
 	}
-	graft = lookup_commit_graft(commit->object.sha1);
+	graft = lookup_commit_graft(the_repository, &commit->object.oid);
 	parent_count = commit_list_count(commit->parents);
 	if (graft) {
 		if (graft->nr_parent == -1 && !parent_count)
 			; /* shallow commit */
-		else if (graft->nr_parent != parent_count)
-			return error_func(&commit->object, FSCK_ERROR, "graft objects missing");
+		else if (graft->nr_parent != parent_count) {
+			err = report(options, &commit->object, FSCK_MSG_MISSING_GRAFT, "graft objects missing");
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+		}
 	} else {
-		if (parent_count != parent_line_count)
-			return error_func(&commit->object, FSCK_ERROR, "parent objects missing");
+		if (parent_count != parent_line_count) {
+			err = report(options, &commit->object, FSCK_MSG_MISSING_PARENT, "parent objects missing");
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+	author_count = 0;
+	while (skip_prefix(buffer, "author ", &buffer)) {
+		author_count++;
+		err = fsck_ident(&buffer, &commit->object, options);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
 	}
-	if (!skip_prefix(buffer, "author ", &buffer))
-		return error_func(&commit->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid format - expected 'author' line");
-	err = fsck_ident(&buffer, &commit->object, error_func);
+	if (author_count < 1)
+		err = report(options, &commit->object, FSCK_MSG_MISSING_AUTHOR, "invalid format - expected 'author' line");
+	else if (author_count > 1)
+		err = report(options, &commit->object, FSCK_MSG_MULTIPLE_AUTHORS, "invalid format - multiple 'author' lines");
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 	if (!skip_prefix(buffer, "committer ", &buffer))
-		return error_func(&commit->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid format - expected 'committer' line");
-	err = fsck_ident(&buffer, &commit->object, error_func);
+		return report(options, &commit->object, FSCK_MSG_MISSING_COMMITTER, "invalid format - expected 'committer' line");
+	err = fsck_ident(&buffer, &commit->object, options);
 	if (err)
 		return err;
-	if (!commit->tree)
-		return error_func(&commit->object, FSCK_ERROR, "could not load commit's tree %s", sha1_to_hex(tree_sha1));
-
+	if (!get_commit_tree(commit)) {
+		err = report(options, &commit->object, FSCK_MSG_BAD_TREE, "could not load commit's tree %s", oid_to_hex(&tree_oid));
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+	if (memchr(buffer_begin, '\0', size)) {
+		err = report(options, &commit->object, FSCK_MSG_NUL_IN_COMMIT,
+			     "NUL byte in the commit object body");
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int fsck_commit(struct commit *commit, const char *data,
-	unsigned long size, fsck_error error_func)
+	unsigned long size, struct fsck_options *options)
 {
 	const char *buffer = data ?  data : get_commit_buffer(commit, &size);
-	int ret = fsck_commit_buffer(commit, buffer, size, error_func);
+	int ret = fsck_commit_buffer(commit, buffer, size, options);
 	if (!data)
 		unuse_commit_buffer(commit, buffer);
 	return ret;
 }
 
 static int fsck_tag_buffer(struct tag *tag, const char *data,
-	unsigned long size, fsck_error error_func)
+	unsigned long size, struct fsck_options *options)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	int ret = 0;
 	const char *buffer;
 	char *to_free = NULL, *eol;
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *p;
 
 	if (data)
 		buffer = data;
@@ -374,67 +879,78 @@ static int fsck_tag_buffer(struct tag *tag, const char *data,
 		enum object_type type;
 
 		buffer = to_free =
-			read_sha1_file(tag->object.sha1, &type, &size);
+			read_object_file(&tag->object.oid, &type, &size);
 		if (!buffer)
-			return error_func(&tag->object, FSCK_ERROR,
+			return report(options, &tag->object,
+				FSCK_MSG_MISSING_TAG_OBJECT,
 				"cannot read tag object");
 
 		if (type != OBJ_TAG) {
-			ret = error_func(&tag->object, FSCK_ERROR,
+			ret = report(options, &tag->object,
+				FSCK_MSG_TAG_OBJECT_NOT_TAG,
 				"expected tag got %s",
-			    typename(type));
+			    type_name(type));
 			goto done;
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (require_end_of_header(buffer, size, &tag->object, error_func))
+	ret = verify_headers(buffer, size, &tag->object, options);
+	if (ret)
 		goto done;
 
 	if (!skip_prefix(buffer, "object ", &buffer)) {
-		ret = error_func(&tag->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid format - expected 'object' line");
+		ret = report(options, &tag->object, FSCK_MSG_MISSING_OBJECT, "invalid format - expected 'object' line");
 		goto done;
 	}
-	if (get_sha1_hex(buffer, sha1) || buffer[40] != '\n') {
-		ret = error_func(&tag->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid 'object' line format - bad sha1");
-		goto done;
+	if (parse_oid_hex(buffer, &oid, &p) || *p != '\n') {
+		ret = report(options, &tag->object, FSCK_MSG_BAD_OBJECT_SHA1, "invalid 'object' line format - bad sha1");
+		if (ret)
+			goto done;
 	}
-	buffer += 41;
+	buffer = p + 1;
 
 	if (!skip_prefix(buffer, "type ", &buffer)) {
-		ret = error_func(&tag->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid format - expected 'type' line");
+		ret = report(options, &tag->object, FSCK_MSG_MISSING_TYPE_ENTRY, "invalid format - expected 'type' line");
 		goto done;
 	}
 	eol = strchr(buffer, '\n');
 	if (!eol) {
-		ret = error_func(&tag->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid format - unexpected end after 'type' line");
+		ret = report(options, &tag->object, FSCK_MSG_MISSING_TYPE, "invalid format - unexpected end after 'type' line");
 		goto done;
 	}
 	if (type_from_string_gently(buffer, eol - buffer, 1) < 0)
-		ret = error_func(&tag->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid 'type' value");
+		ret = report(options, &tag->object, FSCK_MSG_BAD_TYPE, "invalid 'type' value");
 	if (ret)
 		goto done;
 	buffer = eol + 1;
 
 	if (!skip_prefix(buffer, "tag ", &buffer)) {
-		ret = error_func(&tag->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid format - expected 'tag' line");
+		ret = report(options, &tag->object, FSCK_MSG_MISSING_TAG_ENTRY, "invalid format - expected 'tag' line");
 		goto done;
 	}
 	eol = strchr(buffer, '\n');
 	if (!eol) {
-		ret = error_func(&tag->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid format - unexpected end after 'type' line");
+		ret = report(options, &tag->object, FSCK_MSG_MISSING_TAG, "invalid format - unexpected end after 'type' line");
 		goto done;
 	}
 	strbuf_addf(&sb, "refs/tags/%.*s", (int)(eol - buffer), buffer);
-	if (check_refname_format(sb.buf, 0))
-		error_func(&tag->object, FSCK_WARN, "invalid 'tag' name: %.*s",
+	if (check_refname_format(sb.buf, 0)) {
+		ret = report(options, &tag->object, FSCK_MSG_BAD_TAG_NAME,
+			   "invalid 'tag' name: %.*s",
 			   (int)(eol - buffer), buffer);
+		if (ret)
+			goto done;
+	}
 	buffer = eol + 1;
 
-	if (!skip_prefix(buffer, "tagger ", &buffer))
+	if (!skip_prefix(buffer, "tagger ", &buffer)) {
 		/* early tags do not contain 'tagger' lines; warn only */
-		error_func(&tag->object, FSCK_WARN, "invalid format - expected 'tagger' line");
+		ret = report(options, &tag->object, FSCK_MSG_MISSING_TAGGER_ENTRY, "invalid format - expected 'tagger' line");
+		if (ret)
+			goto done;
+	}
 	else
-		ret = fsck_ident(&buffer, &tag->object, error_func);
+		ret = fsck_ident(&buffer, &tag->object, options);
 
 done:
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
@@ -443,49 +959,159 @@ done:
 }
 
 static int fsck_tag(struct tag *tag, const char *data,
-	unsigned long size, fsck_error error_func)
+	unsigned long size, struct fsck_options *options)
 {
 	struct object *tagged = tag->tagged;
 
 	if (!tagged)
-		return error_func(&tag->object, FSCK_ERROR, "could not load tagged object");
+		return report(options, &tag->object, FSCK_MSG_BAD_TAG_OBJECT, "could not load tagged object");
+
+	return fsck_tag_buffer(tag, data, size, options);
+}
+
+struct fsck_gitmodules_data {
+	struct object *obj;
+	struct fsck_options *options;
+	int ret;
+};
 
-	return fsck_tag_buffer(tag, data, size, error_func);
+static int fsck_gitmodules_fn(const char *var, const char *value, void *vdata)
+{
+	struct fsck_gitmodules_data *data = vdata;
+	const char *subsection, *key;
+	int subsection_len;
+	char *name;
+
+	if (parse_config_key(var, "submodule", &subsection, &subsection_len, &key) < 0 ||
+	    !subsection)
+		return 0;
+
+	name = xmemdupz(subsection, subsection_len);
+	if (check_submodule_name(name) < 0)
+		data->ret |= report(data->options, data->obj,
+				    FSCK_MSG_GITMODULES_NAME,
+				    "disallowed submodule name: %s",
+				    name);
+	free(name);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int fsck_blob(struct blob *blob, const char *buf,
+		     unsigned long size, struct fsck_options *options)
+{
+	struct fsck_gitmodules_data data;
+	struct config_options config_opts = { 0 };
+
+	if (!oidset_contains(&gitmodules_found, &blob->object.oid))
+		return 0;
+	oidset_insert(&gitmodules_done, &blob->object.oid);
+
+	if (object_on_skiplist(options, &blob->object))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!buf) {
+		/*
+		 * A missing buffer here is a sign that the caller found the
+		 * blob too gigantic to load into memory. Let's just consider
+		 * that an error.
+		 */
+		return report(options, &blob->object,
+			      FSCK_MSG_GITMODULES_LARGE,
+			      ".gitmodules too large to parse");
+	}
+
+	data.obj = &blob->object;
+	data.options = options;
+	data.ret = 0;
+	config_opts.error_action = CONFIG_ERROR_SILENT;
+	if (git_config_from_mem(fsck_gitmodules_fn, CONFIG_ORIGIN_BLOB,
+				".gitmodules", buf, size, &data, &config_opts))
+		data.ret |= report(options, &blob->object,
+				   FSCK_MSG_GITMODULES_PARSE,
+				   "could not parse gitmodules blob");
+
+	return data.ret;
 }
 
 int fsck_object(struct object *obj, void *data, unsigned long size,
-	int strict, fsck_error error_func)
+	struct fsck_options *options)
 {
 	if (!obj)
-		return error_func(obj, FSCK_ERROR, "no valid object to fsck");
+		return report(options, obj, FSCK_MSG_BAD_OBJECT_SHA1, "no valid object to fsck");
 
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB)
-		return 0;
+		return fsck_blob((struct blob *)obj, data, size, options);
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE)
-		return fsck_tree((struct tree *) obj, strict, error_func);
+		return fsck_tree((struct tree *) obj, options);
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
 		return fsck_commit((struct commit *) obj, (const char *) data,
-			size, error_func);
+			size, options);
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
 		return fsck_tag((struct tag *) obj, (const char *) data,
-			size, error_func);
+			size, options);
 
-	return error_func(obj, FSCK_ERROR, "unknown type '%d' (internal fsck error)",
+	return report(options, obj, FSCK_MSG_UNKNOWN_TYPE, "unknown type '%d' (internal fsck error)",
 			  obj->type);
 }
 
-int fsck_error_function(struct object *obj, int type, const char *fmt, ...)
+int fsck_error_function(struct fsck_options *o,
+	struct object *obj, int msg_type, const char *message)
 {
-	va_list ap;
-	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	if (msg_type == FSCK_WARN) {
+		warning("object %s: %s", describe_object(o, obj), message);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	error("object %s: %s", describe_object(o, obj), message);
+	return 1;
+}
 
-	strbuf_addf(&sb, "object %s:", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+int fsck_finish(struct fsck_options *options)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct oidset_iter iter;
+	const struct object_id *oid;
 
-	va_start(ap, fmt);
-	strbuf_vaddf(&sb, fmt, ap);
-	va_end(ap);
+	oidset_iter_init(&gitmodules_found, &iter);
+	while ((oid = oidset_iter_next(&iter))) {
+		struct blob *blob;
+		enum object_type type;
+		unsigned long size;
+		char *buf;
 
-	error("%s", sb.buf);
-	strbuf_release(&sb);
-	return 1;
+		if (oidset_contains(&gitmodules_done, oid))
+			continue;
+
+		blob = lookup_blob(the_repository, oid);
+		if (!blob) {
+			struct object *obj = lookup_unknown_object(oid->hash);
+			ret |= report(options, obj,
+				      FSCK_MSG_GITMODULES_BLOB,
+				      "non-blob found at .gitmodules");
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		buf = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
+		if (!buf) {
+			if (is_promisor_object(&blob->object.oid))
+				continue;
+			ret |= report(options, &blob->object,
+				      FSCK_MSG_GITMODULES_MISSING,
+				      "unable to read .gitmodules blob");
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (type == OBJ_BLOB)
+			ret |= fsck_blob(blob, buf, size, options);
+		else
+			ret |= report(options, &blob->object,
+				      FSCK_MSG_GITMODULES_BLOB,
+				      "non-blob found at .gitmodules");
+		free(buf);
+	}
+
+
+	oidset_clear(&gitmodules_found);
+	oidset_clear(&gitmodules_done);
+	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/fsck.h b/fsck.h
index d1e6387a44..0c7e8c9428 100644
--- a/fsck.h
+++ b/fsck.h
@@ -3,6 +3,15 @@
 
 #define FSCK_ERROR 1
 #define FSCK_WARN 2
+#define FSCK_IGNORE 3
+
+struct fsck_options;
+struct object;
+
+void fsck_set_msg_type(struct fsck_options *options,
+		const char *msg_id, const char *msg_type);
+void fsck_set_msg_types(struct fsck_options *options, const char *values);
+int is_valid_msg_type(const char *msg_id, const char *msg_type);
 
 /*
  * callback function for fsck_walk
@@ -12,13 +21,26 @@
  *     <0	error signaled and abort
  *     >0	error signaled and do not abort
  */
-typedef int (*fsck_walk_func)(struct object *obj, int type, void *data);
+typedef int (*fsck_walk_func)(struct object *obj, int type, void *data, struct fsck_options *options);
 
 /* callback for fsck_object, type is FSCK_ERROR or FSCK_WARN */
-typedef int (*fsck_error)(struct object *obj, int type, const char *err, ...);
+typedef int (*fsck_error)(struct fsck_options *o,
+	struct object *obj, int type, const char *message);
+
+int fsck_error_function(struct fsck_options *o,
+	struct object *obj, int type, const char *message);
+
+struct fsck_options {
+	fsck_walk_func walk;
+	fsck_error error_func;
+	unsigned strict:1;
+	int *msg_type;
+	struct oid_array *skiplist;
+	struct decoration *object_names;
+};
 
-__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
-int fsck_error_function(struct object *obj, int type, const char *fmt, ...);
+#define FSCK_OPTIONS_DEFAULT { NULL, fsck_error_function, 0, NULL }
+#define FSCK_OPTIONS_STRICT { NULL, fsck_error_function, 1, NULL }
 
 /* descend in all linked child objects
  * the return value is:
@@ -27,9 +49,16 @@ int fsck_error_function(struct object *obj, int type, const char *fmt, ...);
  *    >0	return value of the first signaled error >0 (in the case of no other errors)
  *    0		everything OK
  */
-int fsck_walk(struct object *obj, fsck_walk_func walk, void *data);
+int fsck_walk(struct object *obj, void *data, struct fsck_options *options);
 /* If NULL is passed for data, we assume the object is local and read it. */
 int fsck_object(struct object *obj, void *data, unsigned long size,
-	int strict, fsck_error error_func);
+	struct fsck_options *options);
+
+/*
+ * Some fsck checks are context-dependent, and may end up queued; run this
+ * after completing all fsck_object() calls in order to resolve any remaining
+ * checks.
+ */
+int fsck_finish(struct fsck_options *options);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/fsmonitor.c b/fsmonitor.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..665bd2d425
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fsmonitor.c
@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "ewah/ewok.h"
+#include "fsmonitor.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+#define INDEX_EXTENSION_VERSION	(1)
+#define HOOK_INTERFACE_VERSION	(1)
+
+struct trace_key trace_fsmonitor = TRACE_KEY_INIT(FSMONITOR);
+
+static void fsmonitor_ewah_callback(size_t pos, void *is)
+{
+	struct index_state *istate = (struct index_state *)is;
+	struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
+
+	ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_FSMONITOR_VALID;
+}
+
+int read_fsmonitor_extension(struct index_state *istate, const void *data,
+	unsigned long sz)
+{
+	const char *index = data;
+	uint32_t hdr_version;
+	uint32_t ewah_size;
+	struct ewah_bitmap *fsmonitor_dirty;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (sz < sizeof(uint32_t) + sizeof(uint64_t) + sizeof(uint32_t))
+		return error("corrupt fsmonitor extension (too short)");
+
+	hdr_version = get_be32(index);
+	index += sizeof(uint32_t);
+	if (hdr_version != INDEX_EXTENSION_VERSION)
+		return error("bad fsmonitor version %d", hdr_version);
+
+	istate->fsmonitor_last_update = get_be64(index);
+	index += sizeof(uint64_t);
+
+	ewah_size = get_be32(index);
+	index += sizeof(uint32_t);
+
+	fsmonitor_dirty = ewah_new();
+	ret = ewah_read_mmap(fsmonitor_dirty, index, ewah_size);
+	if (ret != ewah_size) {
+		ewah_free(fsmonitor_dirty);
+		return error("failed to parse ewah bitmap reading fsmonitor index extension");
+	}
+	istate->fsmonitor_dirty = fsmonitor_dirty;
+
+	trace_printf_key(&trace_fsmonitor, "read fsmonitor extension successful");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void fill_fsmonitor_bitmap(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	int i;
+	istate->fsmonitor_dirty = ewah_new();
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++)
+		if (!(istate->cache[i]->ce_flags & CE_FSMONITOR_VALID))
+			ewah_set(istate->fsmonitor_dirty, i);
+}
+
+void write_fsmonitor_extension(struct strbuf *sb, struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	uint32_t hdr_version;
+	uint64_t tm;
+	uint32_t ewah_start;
+	uint32_t ewah_size = 0;
+	int fixup = 0;
+
+	put_be32(&hdr_version, INDEX_EXTENSION_VERSION);
+	strbuf_add(sb, &hdr_version, sizeof(uint32_t));
+
+	put_be64(&tm, istate->fsmonitor_last_update);
+	strbuf_add(sb, &tm, sizeof(uint64_t));
+	fixup = sb->len;
+	strbuf_add(sb, &ewah_size, sizeof(uint32_t)); /* we'll fix this up later */
+
+	ewah_start = sb->len;
+	ewah_serialize_strbuf(istate->fsmonitor_dirty, sb);
+	ewah_free(istate->fsmonitor_dirty);
+	istate->fsmonitor_dirty = NULL;
+
+	/* fix up size field */
+	put_be32(&ewah_size, sb->len - ewah_start);
+	memcpy(sb->buf + fixup, &ewah_size, sizeof(uint32_t));
+
+	trace_printf_key(&trace_fsmonitor, "write fsmonitor extension successful");
+}
+
+/*
+ * Call the query-fsmonitor hook passing the time of the last saved results.
+ */
+static int query_fsmonitor(int version, uint64_t last_update, struct strbuf *query_result)
+{
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+	if (!core_fsmonitor)
+		return -1;
+
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, core_fsmonitor);
+	argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "%d", version);
+	argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "%" PRIuMAX, (uintmax_t)last_update);
+	cp.use_shell = 1;
+	cp.dir = get_git_work_tree();
+
+	return capture_command(&cp, query_result, 1024);
+}
+
+static void fsmonitor_refresh_callback(struct index_state *istate, const char *name)
+{
+	int pos = index_name_pos(istate, name, strlen(name));
+
+	if (pos >= 0) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
+		ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_FSMONITOR_VALID;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Mark the untracked cache dirty even if it wasn't found in the index
+	 * as it could be a new untracked file.
+	 */
+	trace_printf_key(&trace_fsmonitor, "fsmonitor_refresh_callback '%s'", name);
+	untracked_cache_invalidate_path(istate, name, 0);
+}
+
+void refresh_fsmonitor(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	static int has_run_once = 0;
+	struct strbuf query_result = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int query_success = 0;
+	size_t bol; /* beginning of line */
+	uint64_t last_update;
+	char *buf;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!core_fsmonitor || has_run_once)
+		return;
+	has_run_once = 1;
+
+	trace_printf_key(&trace_fsmonitor, "refresh fsmonitor");
+	/*
+	 * This could be racy so save the date/time now and query_fsmonitor
+	 * should be inclusive to ensure we don't miss potential changes.
+	 */
+	last_update = getnanotime();
+
+	/*
+	 * If we have a last update time, call query_fsmonitor for the set of
+	 * changes since that time, else assume everything is possibly dirty
+	 * and check it all.
+	 */
+	if (istate->fsmonitor_last_update) {
+		query_success = !query_fsmonitor(HOOK_INTERFACE_VERSION,
+			istate->fsmonitor_last_update, &query_result);
+		trace_performance_since(last_update, "fsmonitor process '%s'", core_fsmonitor);
+		trace_printf_key(&trace_fsmonitor, "fsmonitor process '%s' returned %s",
+			core_fsmonitor, query_success ? "success" : "failure");
+	}
+
+	/* a fsmonitor process can return '/' to indicate all entries are invalid */
+	if (query_success && query_result.buf[0] != '/') {
+		/* Mark all entries returned by the monitor as dirty */
+		buf = query_result.buf;
+		bol = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < query_result.len; i++) {
+			if (buf[i] != '\0')
+				continue;
+			fsmonitor_refresh_callback(istate, buf + bol);
+			bol = i + 1;
+		}
+		if (bol < query_result.len)
+			fsmonitor_refresh_callback(istate, buf + bol);
+	} else {
+		/* Mark all entries invalid */
+		for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++)
+			istate->cache[i]->ce_flags &= ~CE_FSMONITOR_VALID;
+
+		/* If we're going to check every file, ensure we save the results */
+		istate->cache_changed |= FSMONITOR_CHANGED;
+
+		if (istate->untracked)
+			istate->untracked->use_fsmonitor = 0;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&query_result);
+
+	/* Now that we've updated istate, save the last_update time */
+	istate->fsmonitor_last_update = last_update;
+}
+
+void add_fsmonitor(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!istate->fsmonitor_last_update) {
+		trace_printf_key(&trace_fsmonitor, "add fsmonitor");
+		istate->cache_changed |= FSMONITOR_CHANGED;
+		istate->fsmonitor_last_update = getnanotime();
+
+		/* reset the fsmonitor state */
+		for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++)
+			istate->cache[i]->ce_flags &= ~CE_FSMONITOR_VALID;
+
+		/* reset the untracked cache */
+		if (istate->untracked) {
+			add_untracked_cache(istate);
+			istate->untracked->use_fsmonitor = 1;
+		}
+
+		/* Update the fsmonitor state */
+		refresh_fsmonitor(istate);
+	}
+}
+
+void remove_fsmonitor(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	if (istate->fsmonitor_last_update) {
+		trace_printf_key(&trace_fsmonitor, "remove fsmonitor");
+		istate->cache_changed |= FSMONITOR_CHANGED;
+		istate->fsmonitor_last_update = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+void tweak_fsmonitor(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	int i;
+	int fsmonitor_enabled = git_config_get_fsmonitor();
+
+	if (istate->fsmonitor_dirty) {
+		if (fsmonitor_enabled) {
+			/* Mark all entries valid */
+			for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+				istate->cache[i]->ce_flags |= CE_FSMONITOR_VALID;
+			}
+
+			/* Mark all previously saved entries as dirty */
+			ewah_each_bit(istate->fsmonitor_dirty, fsmonitor_ewah_callback, istate);
+
+			/* Now mark the untracked cache for fsmonitor usage */
+			if (istate->untracked)
+				istate->untracked->use_fsmonitor = 1;
+		}
+
+		ewah_free(istate->fsmonitor_dirty);
+		istate->fsmonitor_dirty = NULL;
+	}
+
+	switch (fsmonitor_enabled) {
+	case -1: /* keep: do nothing */
+		break;
+	case 0: /* false */
+		remove_fsmonitor(istate);
+		break;
+	case 1: /* true */
+		add_fsmonitor(istate);
+		break;
+	default: /* unknown value: do nothing */
+		break;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/fsmonitor.h b/fsmonitor.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..01017c43aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fsmonitor.h
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#ifndef FSMONITOR_H
+#define FSMONITOR_H
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+
+extern struct trace_key trace_fsmonitor;
+
+/*
+ * Read the fsmonitor index extension and (if configured) restore the
+ * CE_FSMONITOR_VALID state.
+ */
+extern int read_fsmonitor_extension(struct index_state *istate, const void *data, unsigned long sz);
+
+/*
+ * Fill the fsmonitor_dirty ewah bits with their state from the index,
+ * before it is split during writing.
+ */
+extern void fill_fsmonitor_bitmap(struct index_state *istate);
+
+/*
+ * Write the CE_FSMONITOR_VALID state into the fsmonitor index
+ * extension.  Reads from the fsmonitor_dirty ewah in the index.
+ */
+extern void write_fsmonitor_extension(struct strbuf *sb, struct index_state *istate);
+
+/*
+ * Add/remove the fsmonitor index extension
+ */
+extern void add_fsmonitor(struct index_state *istate);
+extern void remove_fsmonitor(struct index_state *istate);
+
+/*
+ * Add/remove the fsmonitor index extension as necessary based on the current
+ * core.fsmonitor setting.
+ */
+extern void tweak_fsmonitor(struct index_state *istate);
+
+/*
+ * Run the configured fsmonitor integration script and clear the
+ * CE_FSMONITOR_VALID bit for any files returned as dirty.  Also invalidate
+ * any corresponding untracked cache directory structures. Optimized to only
+ * run the first time it is called.
+ */
+extern void refresh_fsmonitor(struct index_state *istate);
+
+/*
+ * Set the given cache entries CE_FSMONITOR_VALID bit. This should be
+ * called any time the cache entry has been updated to reflect the
+ * current state of the file on disk.
+ */
+static inline void mark_fsmonitor_valid(struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	if (core_fsmonitor) {
+		ce->ce_flags |= CE_FSMONITOR_VALID;
+		trace_printf_key(&trace_fsmonitor, "mark_fsmonitor_clean '%s'", ce->name);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Clear the given cache entry's CE_FSMONITOR_VALID bit and invalidate
+ * any corresponding untracked cache directory structures. This should
+ * be called any time git creates or modifies a file that should
+ * trigger an lstat() or invalidate the untracked cache for the
+ * corresponding directory
+ */
+static inline void mark_fsmonitor_invalid(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	if (core_fsmonitor) {
+		ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_FSMONITOR_VALID;
+		untracked_cache_invalidate_path(istate, ce->name, 1);
+		trace_printf_key(&trace_fsmonitor, "mark_fsmonitor_invalid '%s'", ce->name);
+	}
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/generate-cmdlist.sh b/generate-cmdlist.sh
index 9a4c9b94e6..fa1e5475e8 100755
--- a/generate-cmdlist.sh
+++ b/generate-cmdlist.sh
@@ -1,23 +1,109 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-echo "/* Automatically generated by $0 */
-struct cmdname_help {
-    char name[16];
-    char help[80];
+die () {
+	echo "$@" >&2
+	exit 1
+}
+
+command_list () {
+	grep -v '^#' "$1"
+}
+
+get_categories () {
+	tr ' ' '\n'|
+	grep -v '^$' |
+	sort |
+	uniq
+}
+
+category_list () {
+	command_list "$1" |
+	cut -c 40- |
+	get_categories
+}
+
+get_synopsis () {
+	sed -n '
+		/^NAME/,/'"$1"'/H
+		${
+			x
+			s/.*'"$1"' - \(.*\)/N_("\1")/
+			p
+		}' "Documentation/$1.txt"
+}
+
+define_categories () {
+	echo
+	echo "/* Command categories */"
+	bit=0
+	category_list "$1" |
+	while read cat
+	do
+		echo "#define CAT_$cat (1UL << $bit)"
+		bit=$(($bit+1))
+	done
+	test "$bit" -gt 32 && die "Urgh.. too many categories?"
+}
+
+define_category_names () {
+	echo
+	echo "/* Category names */"
+	echo "static const char *category_names[] = {"
+	bit=0
+	category_list "$1" |
+	while read cat
+	do
+		echo "	\"$cat\", /* (1UL << $bit) */"
+		bit=$(($bit+1))
+	done
+	echo "	NULL"
+	echo "};"
+}
+
+print_command_list () {
+	echo "static struct cmdname_help command_list[] = {"
+
+	command_list "$1" |
+	while read cmd rest
+	do
+		printf "	{ \"$cmd\", $(get_synopsis $cmd), 0"
+		for cat in $(echo "$rest" | get_categories)
+		do
+			printf " | CAT_$cat"
+		done
+		echo " },"
+	done
+	echo "};"
+}
+
+print_config_list () {
+	cat <<EOF
+static const char *config_name_list[] = {
+EOF
+	grep -h '^[a-zA-Z].*\..*::$' Documentation/*config.txt |
+	sed '/deprecated/d; s/::$//; s/,  */\n/g' |
+	sort |
+	while read line
+	do
+		echo "	\"$line\","
+	done
+	cat <<EOF
+	NULL,
 };
+EOF
+}
 
-static struct cmdname_help common_cmds[] = {"
-
-sed -n -e 's/^git-\([^ 	]*\)[ 	].* common.*/\1/p' command-list.txt |
-sort |
-while read cmd
-do
-     sed -n '
-     /^NAME/,/git-'"$cmd"'/H
-     ${
-	    x
-	    s/.*git-'"$cmd"' - \(.*\)/  {"'"$cmd"'", N_("\1")},/
-	    p
-     }' "Documentation/git-$cmd.txt"
-done
-echo "};"
+echo "/* Automatically generated by generate-cmdlist.sh */
+struct cmdname_help {
+	const char *name;
+	const char *help;
+	uint32_t category;
+};
+"
+define_categories "$1"
+echo
+define_category_names "$1"
+echo
+print_command_list "$1"
+echo
+print_config_list
diff --git a/gettext.c b/gettext.c
index 7378ba287f..7272771c8e 100644
--- a/gettext.c
+++ b/gettext.c
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2010 Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
  */
 
-#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "gettext.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
@@ -18,6 +19,8 @@
 #	endif
 #endif
 
+static const char *charset;
+
 /*
  * Guess the user's preferred languages from the value in LANGUAGE environment
  * variable and LC_MESSAGES locale category if NO_GETTEXT is not defined.
@@ -65,7 +68,6 @@ static int test_vsnprintf(const char *fmt, ...)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static const char *charset;
 static void init_gettext_charset(const char *domain)
 {
 	/*
@@ -156,14 +158,24 @@ static void init_gettext_charset(const char *domain)
 
 void git_setup_gettext(void)
 {
-	const char *podir = getenv("GIT_TEXTDOMAINDIR");
+	const char *podir = getenv(GIT_TEXT_DOMAIN_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+	char *p = NULL;
 
 	if (!podir)
-		podir = GIT_LOCALE_PATH;
+		podir = p = system_path(GIT_LOCALE_PATH);
+
+	if (!is_directory(podir)) {
+		free(p);
+		return;
+	}
+
 	bindtextdomain("git", podir);
 	setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
+	setlocale(LC_TIME, "");
 	init_gettext_charset("git");
 	textdomain("git");
+
+	free(p);
 }
 
 /* return the number of columns of string 's' in current locale */
@@ -171,8 +183,27 @@ int gettext_width(const char *s)
 {
 	static int is_utf8 = -1;
 	if (is_utf8 == -1)
-		is_utf8 = !strcmp(charset, "UTF-8");
+		is_utf8 = is_utf8_locale();
 
 	return is_utf8 ? utf8_strwidth(s) : strlen(s);
 }
 #endif
+
+int is_utf8_locale(void)
+{
+#ifdef NO_GETTEXT
+	if (!charset) {
+		const char *env = getenv("LC_ALL");
+		if (!env || !*env)
+			env = getenv("LC_CTYPE");
+		if (!env || !*env)
+			env = getenv("LANG");
+		if (!env)
+			env = "";
+		if (strchr(env, '.'))
+			env = strchr(env, '.') + 1;
+		charset = xstrdup(env);
+	}
+#endif
+	return is_encoding_utf8(charset);
+}
diff --git a/gettext.h b/gettext.h
index 33696a40b8..7eee64a34f 100644
--- a/gettext.h
+++ b/gettext.h
@@ -90,5 +90,6 @@ const char *Q_(const char *msgid, const char *plu, unsigned long n)
 #endif
 
 const char *get_preferred_languages(void);
+extern int is_utf8_locale(void);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/git-add--interactive.perl b/git-add--interactive.perl
index 77876d433a..20eb81cc92 100755
--- a/git-add--interactive.perl
+++ b/git-add--interactive.perl
@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
 use 5.008;
 use strict;
 use warnings;
-use Git;
+use Git qw(unquote_path);
+use Git::I18N;
 
 binmode(STDOUT, ":raw");
 
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ my ($diff_new_color) =
 my $normal_color = $repo->get_color("", "reset");
 
 my $diff_algorithm = $repo->config('diff.algorithm');
+my $diff_filter = $repo->config('interactive.difffilter');
 
 my $use_readkey = 0;
 my $use_termcap = 0;
@@ -89,6 +91,7 @@ sub colored {
 }
 
 # command line options
+my $patch_mode_only;
 my $patch_mode;
 my $patch_mode_revision;
 
@@ -101,9 +104,6 @@ my %patch_modes = (
 		DIFF => 'diff-files -p',
 		APPLY => sub { apply_patch 'apply --cached', @_; },
 		APPLY_CHECK => 'apply --cached',
-		VERB => 'Stage',
-		TARGET => '',
-		PARTICIPLE => 'staging',
 		FILTER => 'file-only',
 		IS_REVERSE => 0,
 	},
@@ -111,9 +111,6 @@ my %patch_modes = (
 		DIFF => 'diff-index -p HEAD',
 		APPLY => sub { apply_patch 'apply --cached', @_; },
 		APPLY_CHECK => 'apply --cached',
-		VERB => 'Stash',
-		TARGET => '',
-		PARTICIPLE => 'stashing',
 		FILTER => undef,
 		IS_REVERSE => 0,
 	},
@@ -121,9 +118,6 @@ my %patch_modes = (
 		DIFF => 'diff-index -p --cached',
 		APPLY => sub { apply_patch 'apply -R --cached', @_; },
 		APPLY_CHECK => 'apply -R --cached',
-		VERB => 'Unstage',
-		TARGET => '',
-		PARTICIPLE => 'unstaging',
 		FILTER => 'index-only',
 		IS_REVERSE => 1,
 	},
@@ -131,9 +125,6 @@ my %patch_modes = (
 		DIFF => 'diff-index -R -p --cached',
 		APPLY => sub { apply_patch 'apply --cached', @_; },
 		APPLY_CHECK => 'apply --cached',
-		VERB => 'Apply',
-		TARGET => ' to index',
-		PARTICIPLE => 'applying',
 		FILTER => 'index-only',
 		IS_REVERSE => 0,
 	},
@@ -141,9 +132,6 @@ my %patch_modes = (
 		DIFF => 'diff-files -p',
 		APPLY => sub { apply_patch 'apply -R', @_; },
 		APPLY_CHECK => 'apply -R',
-		VERB => 'Discard',
-		TARGET => ' from worktree',
-		PARTICIPLE => 'discarding',
 		FILTER => 'file-only',
 		IS_REVERSE => 1,
 	},
@@ -151,9 +139,6 @@ my %patch_modes = (
 		DIFF => 'diff-index -p',
 		APPLY => sub { apply_patch_for_checkout_commit '-R', @_ },
 		APPLY_CHECK => 'apply -R',
-		VERB => 'Discard',
-		TARGET => ' from index and worktree',
-		PARTICIPLE => 'discarding',
 		FILTER => undef,
 		IS_REVERSE => 1,
 	},
@@ -161,15 +146,13 @@ my %patch_modes = (
 		DIFF => 'diff-index -R -p',
 		APPLY => sub { apply_patch_for_checkout_commit '', @_ },
 		APPLY_CHECK => 'apply',
-		VERB => 'Apply',
-		TARGET => ' to index and worktree',
-		PARTICIPLE => 'applying',
 		FILTER => undef,
 		IS_REVERSE => 0,
 	},
 );
 
-my %patch_mode_flavour = %{$patch_modes{stage}};
+$patch_mode = 'stage';
+my %patch_mode_flavour = %{$patch_modes{$patch_mode}};
 
 sub run_cmd_pipe {
 	if ($^O eq 'MSWin32') {
@@ -191,47 +174,6 @@ if (!defined $GIT_DIR) {
 }
 chomp($GIT_DIR);
 
-my %cquote_map = (
- "b" => chr(8),
- "t" => chr(9),
- "n" => chr(10),
- "v" => chr(11),
- "f" => chr(12),
- "r" => chr(13),
- "\\" => "\\",
- "\042" => "\042",
-);
-
-sub unquote_path {
-	local ($_) = @_;
-	my ($retval, $remainder);
-	if (!/^\042(.*)\042$/) {
-		return $_;
-	}
-	($_, $retval) = ($1, "");
-	while (/^([^\\]*)\\(.*)$/) {
-		$remainder = $2;
-		$retval .= $1;
-		for ($remainder) {
-			if (/^([0-3][0-7][0-7])(.*)$/) {
-				$retval .= chr(oct($1));
-				$_ = $2;
-				last;
-			}
-			if (/^([\\\042btnvfr])(.*)$/) {
-				$retval .= $cquote_map{$1};
-				$_ = $2;
-				last;
-			}
-			# This is malformed -- just return it as-is for now.
-			return $_[0];
-		}
-		$_ = $remainder;
-	}
-	$retval .= $_;
-	return $retval;
-}
-
 sub refresh {
 	my $fh;
 	open $fh, 'git update-index --refresh |'
@@ -250,8 +192,9 @@ sub list_untracked {
 	run_cmd_pipe(qw(git ls-files --others --exclude-standard --), @ARGV);
 }
 
-my $status_fmt = '%12s %12s %s';
-my $status_head = sprintf($status_fmt, 'staged', 'unstaged', 'path');
+# TRANSLATORS: you can adjust this to align "git add -i" status menu
+my $status_fmt = __('%12s %12s %s');
+my $status_head = sprintf($status_fmt, __('staged'), __('unstaged'), __('path'));
 
 {
 	my $initial;
@@ -262,8 +205,15 @@ my $status_head = sprintf($status_fmt, 'staged', 'unstaged', 'path');
 	}
 }
 
-sub get_empty_tree {
-	return '4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904';
+{
+	my $empty_tree;
+	sub get_empty_tree {
+		return $empty_tree if defined $empty_tree;
+
+		$empty_tree = run_cmd_pipe(qw(git hash-object -t tree /dev/null));
+		chomp $empty_tree;
+		return $empty_tree;
+	}
 }
 
 sub get_diff_reference {
@@ -290,26 +240,17 @@ sub list_modified {
 	my ($only) = @_;
 	my (%data, @return);
 	my ($add, $del, $adddel, $file);
-	my @tracked = ();
-
-	if (@ARGV) {
-		@tracked = map {
-			chomp $_;
-			unquote_path($_);
-		} run_cmd_pipe(qw(git ls-files --), @ARGV);
-		return if (!@tracked);
-	}
 
 	my $reference = get_diff_reference($patch_mode_revision);
 	for (run_cmd_pipe(qw(git diff-index --cached
 			     --numstat --summary), $reference,
-			     '--', @tracked)) {
+			     '--', @ARGV)) {
 		if (($add, $del, $file) =
 		    /^([-\d]+)	([-\d]+)	(.*)/) {
 			my ($change, $bin);
 			$file = unquote_path($file);
 			if ($add eq '-' && $del eq '-') {
-				$change = 'binary';
+				$change = __('binary');
 				$bin = 1;
 			}
 			else {
@@ -318,7 +259,7 @@ sub list_modified {
 			$data{$file} = {
 				INDEX => $change,
 				BINARY => $bin,
-				FILE => 'nothing',
+				FILE => __('nothing'),
 			}
 		}
 		elsif (($adddel, $file) =
@@ -328,13 +269,13 @@ sub list_modified {
 		}
 	}
 
-	for (run_cmd_pipe(qw(git diff-files --numstat --summary --raw --), @tracked)) {
+	for (run_cmd_pipe(qw(git diff-files --ignore-submodules=dirty --numstat --summary --raw --), @ARGV)) {
 		if (($add, $del, $file) =
 		    /^([-\d]+)	([-\d]+)	(.*)/) {
 			$file = unquote_path($file);
 			my ($change, $bin);
 			if ($add eq '-' && $del eq '-') {
-				$change = 'binary';
+				$change = __('binary');
 				$bin = 1;
 			}
 			else {
@@ -354,7 +295,7 @@ sub list_modified {
 			$file = unquote_path($2);
 			if (!exists $data{$file}) {
 				$data{$file} = +{
-					INDEX => 'unchanged',
+					INDEX => __('unchanged'),
 					BINARY => 0,
 				};
 			}
@@ -369,10 +310,10 @@ sub list_modified {
 
 		if ($only) {
 			if ($only eq 'index-only') {
-				next if ($it->{INDEX} eq 'unchanged');
+				next if ($it->{INDEX} eq __('unchanged'));
 			}
 			if ($only eq 'file-only') {
-				next if ($it->{FILE} eq 'nothing');
+				next if ($it->{FILE} eq __('nothing'));
 			}
 		}
 		push @return, +{
@@ -610,12 +551,12 @@ sub list_and_choose {
 			else {
 				$bottom = $top = find_unique($choice, @stuff);
 				if (!defined $bottom) {
-					error_msg "Huh ($choice)?\n";
+					error_msg sprintf(__("Huh (%s)?\n"), $choice);
 					next TOPLOOP;
 				}
 			}
 			if ($opts->{SINGLETON} && $bottom != $top) {
-				error_msg "Huh ($choice)?\n";
+				error_msg sprintf(__("Huh (%s)?\n"), $choice);
 				next TOPLOOP;
 			}
 			for ($i = $bottom-1; $i <= $top-1; $i++) {
@@ -634,7 +575,7 @@ sub list_and_choose {
 }
 
 sub singleton_prompt_help_cmd {
-	print colored $help_color, <<\EOF ;
+	print colored $help_color, __ <<'EOF' ;
 Prompt help:
 1          - select a numbered item
 foo        - select item based on unique prefix
@@ -643,7 +584,7 @@ EOF
 }
 
 sub prompt_help_cmd {
-	print colored $help_color, <<\EOF ;
+	print colored $help_color, __ <<'EOF' ;
 Prompt help:
 1          - select a single item
 3-5        - select a range of items
@@ -664,12 +605,18 @@ sub status_cmd {
 sub say_n_paths {
 	my $did = shift @_;
 	my $cnt = scalar @_;
-	print "$did ";
-	if (1 < $cnt) {
-		print "$cnt paths\n";
-	}
-	else {
-		print "one path\n";
+	if ($did eq 'added') {
+		printf(__n("added %d path\n", "added %d paths\n",
+			   $cnt), $cnt);
+	} elsif ($did eq 'updated') {
+		printf(__n("updated %d path\n", "updated %d paths\n",
+			   $cnt), $cnt);
+	} elsif ($did eq 'reverted') {
+		printf(__n("reverted %d path\n", "reverted %d paths\n",
+			   $cnt), $cnt);
+	} else {
+		printf(__n("touched %d path\n", "touched %d paths\n",
+			   $cnt), $cnt);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -677,7 +624,7 @@ sub update_cmd {
 	my @mods = list_modified('file-only');
 	return if (!@mods);
 
-	my @update = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => 'Update',
+	my @update = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => __('Update'),
 				       HEADER => $status_head, },
 				     @mods);
 	if (@update) {
@@ -689,7 +636,7 @@ sub update_cmd {
 }
 
 sub revert_cmd {
-	my @update = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => 'Revert',
+	my @update = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => __('Revert'),
 				       HEADER => $status_head, },
 				     list_modified());
 	if (@update) {
@@ -712,7 +659,7 @@ sub revert_cmd {
 				    $_->{INDEX_ADDDEL} eq 'create') {
 					system(qw(git update-index --force-remove --),
 					       $_->{VALUE});
-					print "note: $_->{VALUE} is untracked now.\n";
+					printf(__("note: %s is untracked now.\n"), $_->{VALUE});
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -723,13 +670,13 @@ sub revert_cmd {
 }
 
 sub add_untracked_cmd {
-	my @add = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => 'Add untracked' },
+	my @add = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => __('Add untracked') },
 				  list_untracked());
 	if (@add) {
 		system(qw(git update-index --add --), @add);
 		say_n_paths('added', @add);
 	} else {
-		print "No untracked files.\n";
+		print __("No untracked files.\n");
 	}
 	print "\n";
 }
@@ -737,7 +684,7 @@ sub add_untracked_cmd {
 sub run_git_apply {
 	my $cmd = shift;
 	my $fh;
-	open $fh, '| git ' . $cmd . " --recount --allow-overlap";
+	open $fh, '| git ' . $cmd . " --allow-overlap";
 	print $fh @_;
 	return close $fh;
 }
@@ -754,10 +701,25 @@ sub parse_diff {
 	my @diff = run_cmd_pipe("git", @diff_cmd, "--", $path);
 	my @colored = ();
 	if ($diff_use_color) {
-		@colored = run_cmd_pipe("git", @diff_cmd, qw(--color --), $path);
+		my @display_cmd = ("git", @diff_cmd, qw(--color --), $path);
+		if (defined $diff_filter) {
+			# quotemeta is overkill, but sufficient for shell-quoting
+			my $diff = join(' ', map { quotemeta } @display_cmd);
+			@display_cmd = ("$diff | $diff_filter");
+		}
+
+		@colored = run_cmd_pipe(@display_cmd);
 	}
 	my (@hunk) = { TEXT => [], DISPLAY => [], TYPE => 'header' };
 
+	if (@colored && @colored != @diff) {
+		print STDERR
+		  "fatal: mismatched output from interactive.diffFilter\n",
+		  "hint: Your filter must maintain a one-to-one correspondence\n",
+		  "hint: between its input and output lines.\n";
+		exit 1;
+	}
+
 	for (my $i = 0; $i < @diff; $i++) {
 		if ($diff[$i] =~ /^@@ /) {
 			push @hunk, { TEXT => [], DISPLAY => [],
@@ -765,7 +727,7 @@ sub parse_diff {
 		}
 		push @{$hunk[-1]{TEXT}}, $diff[$i];
 		push @{$hunk[-1]{DISPLAY}},
-			($diff_use_color ? $colored[$i] : $diff[$i]);
+			(@colored ? $colored[$i] : $diff[$i]);
 	}
 	return @hunk;
 }
@@ -804,6 +766,15 @@ sub parse_hunk_header {
 	return ($o_ofs, $o_cnt, $n_ofs, $n_cnt);
 }
 
+sub format_hunk_header {
+	my ($o_ofs, $o_cnt, $n_ofs, $n_cnt) = @_;
+	return ("@@ -$o_ofs" .
+		(($o_cnt != 1) ? ",$o_cnt" : '') .
+		" +$n_ofs" .
+		(($n_cnt != 1) ? ",$n_cnt" : '') .
+		" @@\n");
+}
+
 sub split_hunk {
 	my ($text, $display) = @_;
 	my @split = ();
@@ -837,6 +808,11 @@ sub split_hunk {
 		while (++$i < @$text) {
 			my $line = $text->[$i];
 			my $display = $display->[$i];
+			if ($line =~ /^\\/) {
+				push @{$this->{TEXT}}, $line;
+				push @{$this->{DISPLAY}}, $display;
+				next;
+			}
 			if ($line =~ /^ /) {
 				if ($this->{ADDDEL} &&
 				    !defined $next_hunk_start) {
@@ -891,11 +867,7 @@ sub split_hunk {
 		my $o_cnt = $hunk->{OCNT};
 		my $n_cnt = $hunk->{NCNT};
 
-		my $head = ("@@ -$o_ofs" .
-			    (($o_cnt != 1) ? ",$o_cnt" : '') .
-			    " +$n_ofs" .
-			    (($n_cnt != 1) ? ",$n_cnt" : '') .
-			    " @@\n");
+		my $head = format_hunk_header($o_ofs, $o_cnt, $n_ofs, $n_cnt);
 		my $display_head = $head;
 		unshift @{$hunk->{TEXT}}, $head;
 		if ($diff_use_color) {
@@ -939,6 +911,9 @@ sub merge_hunk {
 			$n_cnt++;
 			push @line, $line;
 			next;
+		} elsif ($line =~ /^\\/) {
+			push @line, $line;
+			next;
 		}
 
 		last if ($o1_ofs <= $ofs);
@@ -957,6 +932,9 @@ sub merge_hunk {
 			$n_cnt++;
 			push @line, $line;
 			next;
+		} elsif ($line =~ /^\\/) {
+			push @line, $line;
+			next;
 		}
 		$ofs++;
 		$o_cnt++;
@@ -965,11 +943,7 @@ sub merge_hunk {
 		}
 		push @line, $line;
 	}
-	my $head = ("@@ -$o0_ofs" .
-		    (($o_cnt != 1) ? ",$o_cnt" : '') .
-		    " +$n0_ofs" .
-		    (($n_cnt != 1) ? ",$n_cnt" : '') .
-		    " @@\n");
+	my $head = format_hunk_header($o0_ofs, $o_cnt, $n0_ofs, $n_cnt);
 	@{$prev->{TEXT}} = ($head, @line);
 }
 
@@ -978,14 +952,35 @@ sub coalesce_overlapping_hunks {
 	my @out = ();
 
 	my ($last_o_ctx, $last_was_dirty);
+	my $ofs_delta = 0;
 
-	for (grep { $_->{USE} } @in) {
+	for (@in) {
 		if ($_->{TYPE} ne 'hunk') {
 			push @out, $_;
 			next;
 		}
 		my $text = $_->{TEXT};
-		my ($o_ofs) = parse_hunk_header($text->[0]);
+		my ($o_ofs, $o_cnt, $n_ofs, $n_cnt) =
+						parse_hunk_header($text->[0]);
+		unless ($_->{USE}) {
+			$ofs_delta += $o_cnt - $n_cnt;
+			# If this hunk has been edited then subtract
+			# the delta that is due to the edit.
+			if ($_->{OFS_DELTA}) {
+				$ofs_delta -= $_->{OFS_DELTA};
+			}
+			next;
+		}
+		if ($ofs_delta) {
+			$n_ofs += $ofs_delta;
+			$_->{TEXT}->[0] = format_hunk_header($o_ofs, $o_cnt,
+							     $n_ofs, $n_cnt);
+		}
+		# If this hunk was edited then adjust the offset delta
+		# to reflect the edit.
+		if ($_->{OFS_DELTA}) {
+			$ofs_delta += $_->{OFS_DELTA};
+		}
 		if (defined $last_o_ctx &&
 		    $o_ofs <= $last_o_ctx &&
 		    !$_->{DIRTY} &&
@@ -1033,29 +1028,79 @@ sub color_diff {
 	} @_;
 }
 
+my %edit_hunk_manually_modes = (
+	stage => N__(
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be
+marked for staging."),
+	stash => N__(
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be
+marked for stashing."),
+	reset_head => N__(
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be
+marked for unstaging."),
+	reset_nothead => N__(
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be
+marked for applying."),
+	checkout_index => N__(
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be
+marked for discarding."),
+	checkout_head => N__(
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be
+marked for discarding."),
+	checkout_nothead => N__(
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be
+marked for applying."),
+);
+
+sub recount_edited_hunk {
+	local $_;
+	my ($oldtext, $newtext) = @_;
+	my ($o_cnt, $n_cnt) = (0, 0);
+	for (@{$newtext}[1..$#{$newtext}]) {
+		my $mode = substr($_, 0, 1);
+		if ($mode eq '-') {
+			$o_cnt++;
+		} elsif ($mode eq '+') {
+			$n_cnt++;
+		} elsif ($mode eq ' ' or $mode eq "\n") {
+			$o_cnt++;
+			$n_cnt++;
+		}
+	}
+	my ($o_ofs, undef, $n_ofs, undef) =
+					parse_hunk_header($newtext->[0]);
+	$newtext->[0] = format_hunk_header($o_ofs, $o_cnt, $n_ofs, $n_cnt);
+	my (undef, $orig_o_cnt, undef, $orig_n_cnt) =
+					parse_hunk_header($oldtext->[0]);
+	# Return the change in the number of lines inserted by this hunk
+	return $orig_o_cnt - $orig_n_cnt - $o_cnt + $n_cnt;
+}
+
 sub edit_hunk_manually {
 	my ($oldtext) = @_;
 
 	my $hunkfile = $repo->repo_path . "/addp-hunk-edit.diff";
 	my $fh;
 	open $fh, '>', $hunkfile
-		or die "failed to open hunk edit file for writing: " . $!;
-	print $fh "# Manual hunk edit mode -- see bottom for a quick guide\n";
+		or die sprintf(__("failed to open hunk edit file for writing: %s"), $!);
+	print $fh Git::comment_lines __("Manual hunk edit mode -- see bottom for a quick guide.\n");
 	print $fh @$oldtext;
-	my $participle = $patch_mode_flavour{PARTICIPLE};
 	my $is_reverse = $patch_mode_flavour{IS_REVERSE};
 	my ($remove_plus, $remove_minus) = $is_reverse ? ('-', '+') : ('+', '-');
-	print $fh <<EOF;
-# ---
-# To remove '$remove_minus' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).
-# To remove '$remove_plus' lines, delete them.
-# Lines starting with # will be removed.
-#
-# If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be
-# marked for $participle. If it does not apply cleanly, you will be given
-# an opportunity to edit again. If all lines of the hunk are removed,
-# then the edit is aborted and the hunk is left unchanged.
+	my $comment_line_char = Git::get_comment_line_char;
+	print $fh Git::comment_lines sprintf(__ <<EOF, $remove_minus, $remove_plus, $comment_line_char),
+---
+To remove '%s' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).
+To remove '%s' lines, delete them.
+Lines starting with %s will be removed.
 EOF
+__($edit_hunk_manually_modes{$patch_mode}),
+# TRANSLATORS: 'it' refers to the patch mentioned in the previous messages.
+__ <<EOF2 ;
+If it does not apply cleanly, you will be given an opportunity to
+edit again.  If all lines of the hunk are removed, then the edit is
+aborted and the hunk is left unchanged.
+EOF2
 	close $fh;
 
 	chomp(my $editor = run_cmd_pipe(qw(git var GIT_EDITOR)));
@@ -1066,8 +1111,8 @@ EOF
 	}
 
 	open $fh, '<', $hunkfile
-		or die "failed to open hunk edit file for reading: " . $!;
-	my @newtext = grep { !/^#/ } <$fh>;
+		or die sprintf(__("failed to open hunk edit file for reading: %s"), $!);
+	my @newtext = grep { !/^\Q$comment_line_char\E/ } <$fh>;
 	close $fh;
 	unlink $hunkfile;
 
@@ -1122,51 +1167,109 @@ sub prompt_yesno {
 	while (1) {
 		print colored $prompt_color, $prompt;
 		my $line = prompt_single_character;
+		return undef unless defined $line;
 		return 0 if $line =~ /^n/i;
 		return 1 if $line =~ /^y/i;
 	}
 }
 
 sub edit_hunk_loop {
-	my ($head, $hunk, $ix) = @_;
-	my $text = $hunk->[$ix]->{TEXT};
+	my ($head, $hunks, $ix) = @_;
+	my $hunk = $hunks->[$ix];
+	my $text = $hunk->{TEXT};
 
 	while (1) {
-		$text = edit_hunk_manually($text);
-		if (!defined $text) {
+		my $newtext = edit_hunk_manually($text);
+		if (!defined $newtext) {
 			return undef;
 		}
 		my $newhunk = {
-			TEXT => $text,
-			TYPE => $hunk->[$ix]->{TYPE},
+			TEXT => $newtext,
+			TYPE => $hunk->{TYPE},
 			USE => 1,
 			DIRTY => 1,
 		};
+		$newhunk->{OFS_DELTA} = recount_edited_hunk($text, $newtext);
+		# If this hunk has already been edited then add the
+		# offset delta of the previous edit to get the real
+		# delta from the original unedited hunk.
+		$hunk->{OFS_DELTA} and
+				$newhunk->{OFS_DELTA} += $hunk->{OFS_DELTA};
 		if (diff_applies($head,
-				 @{$hunk}[0..$ix-1],
+				 @{$hunks}[0..$ix-1],
 				 $newhunk,
-				 @{$hunk}[$ix+1..$#{$hunk}])) {
-			$newhunk->{DISPLAY} = [color_diff(@{$text})];
+				 @{$hunks}[$ix+1..$#{$hunks}])) {
+			$newhunk->{DISPLAY} = [color_diff(@{$newtext})];
 			return $newhunk;
 		}
 		else {
 			prompt_yesno(
-				'Your edited hunk does not apply. Edit again '
-				. '(saying "no" discards!) [y/n]? '
+				# TRANSLATORS: do not translate [y/n]
+				# The program will only accept that input
+				# at this point.
+				# Consider translating (saying "no" discards!) as
+				# (saying "n" for "no" discards!) if the translation
+				# of the word "no" does not start with n.
+				__('Your edited hunk does not apply. Edit again '
+				   . '(saying "no" discards!) [y/n]? ')
 				) or return undef;
 		}
 	}
 }
 
+my %help_patch_modes = (
+	stage => N__(
+"y - stage this hunk
+n - do not stage this hunk
+q - quit; do not stage this hunk or any of the remaining ones
+a - stage this hunk and all later hunks in the file
+d - do not stage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"),
+	stash => N__(
+"y - stash this hunk
+n - do not stash this hunk
+q - quit; do not stash this hunk or any of the remaining ones
+a - stash this hunk and all later hunks in the file
+d - do not stash this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"),
+	reset_head => N__(
+"y - unstage this hunk
+n - do not unstage this hunk
+q - quit; do not unstage this hunk or any of the remaining ones
+a - unstage this hunk and all later hunks in the file
+d - do not unstage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"),
+	reset_nothead => N__(
+"y - apply this hunk to index
+n - do not apply this hunk to index
+q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones
+a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file
+d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"),
+	checkout_index => N__(
+"y - discard this hunk from worktree
+n - do not discard this hunk from worktree
+q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones
+a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file
+d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"),
+	checkout_head => N__(
+"y - discard this hunk from index and worktree
+n - do not discard this hunk from index and worktree
+q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones
+a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file
+d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"),
+	checkout_nothead => N__(
+"y - apply this hunk to index and worktree
+n - do not apply this hunk to index and worktree
+q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones
+a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file
+d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"),
+);
+
 sub help_patch_cmd {
-	my $verb = lc $patch_mode_flavour{VERB};
-	my $target = $patch_mode_flavour{TARGET};
-	print colored $help_color, <<EOF ;
-y - $verb this hunk$target
-n - do not $verb this hunk$target
-q - quit; do not $verb this hunk or any of the remaining ones
-a - $verb this hunk and all later hunks in the file
-d - do not $verb this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file
+	local $_;
+	my $other = $_[0] . ",?";
+	print colored $help_color, __($help_patch_modes{$patch_mode}), "\n",
+		map { "$_\n" } grep {
+			my $c = quotemeta(substr($_, 0, 1));
+			$other =~ /,$c/
+		} split "\n", __ <<EOF ;
 g - select a hunk to go to
 / - search for a hunk matching the given regex
 j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk
@@ -1198,11 +1301,11 @@ sub apply_patch_for_checkout_commit {
 		run_git_apply 'apply '.$reverse, @_;
 		return 1;
 	} elsif (!$applies_index) {
-		print colored $error_color, "The selected hunks do not apply to the index!\n";
-		if (prompt_yesno "Apply them to the worktree anyway? ") {
+		print colored $error_color, __("The selected hunks do not apply to the index!\n");
+		if (prompt_yesno __("Apply them to the worktree anyway? ")) {
 			return run_git_apply 'apply '.$reverse, @_;
 		} else {
-			print colored $error_color, "Nothing was applied.\n";
+			print colored $error_color, __("Nothing was applied.\n");
 			return 0;
 		}
 	} else {
@@ -1213,7 +1316,7 @@ sub apply_patch_for_checkout_commit {
 
 sub patch_update_cmd {
 	my @all_mods = list_modified($patch_mode_flavour{FILTER});
-	error_msg "ignoring unmerged: $_->{VALUE}\n"
+	error_msg sprintf(__("ignoring unmerged: %s\n"), $_->{VALUE})
 		for grep { $_->{UNMERGED} } @all_mods;
 	@all_mods = grep { !$_->{UNMERGED} } @all_mods;
 
@@ -1222,17 +1325,17 @@ sub patch_update_cmd {
 
 	if (!@mods) {
 		if (@all_mods) {
-			print STDERR "Only binary files changed.\n";
+			print STDERR __("Only binary files changed.\n");
 		} else {
-			print STDERR "No changes.\n";
+			print STDERR __("No changes.\n");
 		}
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if ($patch_mode) {
+	if ($patch_mode_only) {
 		@them = @mods;
 	}
 	else {
-		@them = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => 'Patch update',
+		@them = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => __('Patch update'),
 					  HEADER => $status_head, },
 					@mods);
 	}
@@ -1282,6 +1385,44 @@ sub display_hunks {
 	return $i;
 }
 
+my %patch_update_prompt_modes = (
+	stage => {
+		mode => N__("Stage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+		deletion => N__("Stage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+		hunk => N__("Stage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+	},
+	stash => {
+		mode => N__("Stash mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+		deletion => N__("Stash deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+		hunk => N__("Stash this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+	},
+	reset_head => {
+		mode => N__("Unstage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+		deletion => N__("Unstage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+		hunk => N__("Unstage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+	},
+	reset_nothead => {
+		mode => N__("Apply mode change to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+		deletion => N__("Apply deletion to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+		hunk => N__("Apply this hunk to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+	},
+	checkout_index => {
+		mode => N__("Discard mode change from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+		deletion => N__("Discard deletion from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+		hunk => N__("Discard this hunk from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+	},
+	checkout_head => {
+		mode => N__("Discard mode change from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+		deletion => N__("Discard deletion from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+		hunk => N__("Discard this hunk from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+	},
+	checkout_nothead => {
+		mode => N__("Apply mode change to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+		deletion => N__("Apply deletion to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+		hunk => N__("Apply this hunk to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "),
+	},
+);
+
 sub patch_update_file {
 	my $quit = 0;
 	my ($ix, $num);
@@ -1334,7 +1475,7 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 			$other .= ',J';
 		}
 		if ($num > 1) {
-			$other .= ',g';
+			$other .= ',g,/';
 		}
 		for ($i = 0; $i < $num; $i++) {
 			if (!defined $hunk[$i]{USE}) {
@@ -1354,12 +1495,9 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 		for (@{$hunk[$ix]{DISPLAY}}) {
 			print;
 		}
-		print colored $prompt_color, $patch_mode_flavour{VERB},
-		  ($hunk[$ix]{TYPE} eq 'mode' ? ' mode change' :
-		   $hunk[$ix]{TYPE} eq 'deletion' ? ' deletion' :
-		   ' this hunk'),
-		  $patch_mode_flavour{TARGET},
-		  " [y,n,q,a,d,/$other,?]? ";
+		print colored $prompt_color,
+			sprintf(__($patch_update_prompt_modes{$patch_mode}{$hunk[$ix]{TYPE}}), $other);
+
 		my $line = prompt_single_character;
 		last unless defined $line;
 		if ($line) {
@@ -1378,16 +1516,20 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 				}
 				next;
 			}
-			elsif ($other =~ /g/ && $line =~ /^g(.*)/) {
+			elsif ($line =~ /^g(.*)/) {
 				my $response = $1;
+				unless ($other =~ /g/) {
+					error_msg __("No other hunks to goto\n");
+					next;
+				}
 				my $no = $ix > 10 ? $ix - 10 : 0;
 				while ($response eq '') {
-					my $extra = "";
 					$no = display_hunks(\@hunk, $no);
 					if ($no < $num) {
-						$extra = " (<ret> to see more)";
+						print __("go to which hunk (<ret> to see more)? ");
+					} else {
+						print __("go to which hunk? ");
 					}
-					print "go to which hunk$extra? ";
 					$response = <STDIN>;
 					if (!defined $response) {
 						$response = '';
@@ -1395,11 +1537,13 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 					chomp $response;
 				}
 				if ($response !~ /^\s*\d+\s*$/) {
-					error_msg "Invalid number: '$response'\n";
+					error_msg sprintf(__("Invalid number: '%s'\n"),
+							     $response);
 				} elsif (0 < $response && $response <= $num) {
 					$ix = $response - 1;
 				} else {
-					error_msg "Sorry, only $num hunks available.\n";
+					error_msg sprintf(__n("Sorry, only %d hunk available.\n",
+							      "Sorry, only %d hunks available.\n", $num), $num);
 				}
 				next;
 			}
@@ -1423,8 +1567,12 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 			}
 			elsif ($line =~ m|^/(.*)|) {
 				my $regex = $1;
-				if ($1 eq "") {
-					print colored $prompt_color, "search for regex? ";
+				unless ($other =~ m|/|) {
+					error_msg __("No other hunks to search\n");
+					next;
+				}
+				if ($regex eq "") {
+					print colored $prompt_color, __("search for regex? ");
 					$regex = <STDIN>;
 					if (defined $regex) {
 						chomp $regex;
@@ -1437,7 +1585,7 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 				if ($@) {
 					my ($err,$exp) = ($@, $1);
 					$err =~ s/ at .*git-add--interactive line \d+, <STDIN> line \d+.*$//;
-					error_msg "Malformed search regexp $exp: $err\n";
+					error_msg sprintf(__("Malformed search regexp %s: %s\n"), $exp, $err);
 					next;
 				}
 				my $iy = $ix;
@@ -1447,7 +1595,7 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 					$iy++;
 					$iy = 0 if ($iy >= $num);
 					if ($ix == $iy) {
-						error_msg "No hunk matches the given pattern\n";
+						error_msg __("No hunk matches the given pattern\n");
 						last;
 					}
 				}
@@ -1459,7 +1607,7 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 					$ix--;
 				}
 				else {
-					error_msg "No previous hunk\n";
+					error_msg __("No previous hunk\n");
 				}
 				next;
 			}
@@ -1468,7 +1616,7 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 					$ix++;
 				}
 				else {
-					error_msg "No next hunk\n";
+					error_msg __("No next hunk\n");
 				}
 				next;
 			}
@@ -1481,27 +1629,37 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 					}
 				}
 				else {
-					error_msg "No previous hunk\n";
+					error_msg __("No previous hunk\n");
 				}
 				next;
 			}
 			elsif ($line =~ /^j/) {
 				if ($other !~ /j/) {
-					error_msg "No next hunk\n";
+					error_msg __("No next hunk\n");
 					next;
 				}
 			}
-			elsif ($other =~ /s/ && $line =~ /^s/) {
+			elsif ($line =~ /^s/) {
+				unless ($other =~ /s/) {
+					error_msg __("Sorry, cannot split this hunk\n");
+					next;
+				}
 				my @split = split_hunk($hunk[$ix]{TEXT}, $hunk[$ix]{DISPLAY});
 				if (1 < @split) {
-					print colored $header_color, "Split into ",
-					scalar(@split), " hunks.\n";
+					print colored $header_color, sprintf(
+						__n("Split into %d hunk.\n",
+						    "Split into %d hunks.\n",
+						    scalar(@split)), scalar(@split));
 				}
 				splice (@hunk, $ix, 1, @split);
 				$num = scalar @hunk;
 				next;
 			}
-			elsif ($other =~ /e/ && $line =~ /^e/) {
+			elsif ($line =~ /^e/) {
+				unless ($other =~ /e/) {
+					error_msg __("Sorry, cannot edit this hunk\n");
+					next;
+				}
 				my $newhunk = edit_hunk_loop($head, \@hunk, $ix);
 				if (defined $newhunk) {
 					splice @hunk, $ix, 1, $newhunk;
@@ -1545,28 +1703,30 @@ sub diff_cmd {
 	my @mods = list_modified('index-only');
 	@mods = grep { !($_->{BINARY}) } @mods;
 	return if (!@mods);
-	my (@them) = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => 'Review diff',
+	my (@them) = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => __('Review diff'),
 				     IMMEDIATE => 1,
 				     HEADER => $status_head, },
 				   @mods);
 	return if (!@them);
-	my $reference = is_initial_commit() ? get_empty_tree() : 'HEAD';
+	my $reference = (is_initial_commit()) ? get_empty_tree() : 'HEAD';
 	system(qw(git diff -p --cached), $reference, '--',
 		map { $_->{VALUE} } @them);
 }
 
 sub quit_cmd {
-	print "Bye.\n";
+	print __("Bye.\n");
 	exit(0);
 }
 
 sub help_cmd {
-	print colored $help_color, <<\EOF ;
+# TRANSLATORS: please do not translate the command names
+# 'status', 'update', 'revert', etc.
+	print colored $help_color, __ <<'EOF' ;
 status        - show paths with changes
 update        - add working tree state to the staged set of changes
 revert        - revert staged set of changes back to the HEAD version
 patch         - pick hunks and update selectively
-diff	      - view diff between HEAD and index
+diff          - view diff between HEAD and index
 add untracked - add contents of untracked files to the staged set of changes
 EOF
 }
@@ -1579,39 +1739,40 @@ sub process_args {
 			if ($1 eq 'reset') {
 				$patch_mode = 'reset_head';
 				$patch_mode_revision = 'HEAD';
-				$arg = shift @ARGV or die "missing --";
+				$arg = shift @ARGV or die __("missing --");
 				if ($arg ne '--') {
 					$patch_mode_revision = $arg;
 					$patch_mode = ($arg eq 'HEAD' ?
 						       'reset_head' : 'reset_nothead');
-					$arg = shift @ARGV or die "missing --";
+					$arg = shift @ARGV or die __("missing --");
 				}
 			} elsif ($1 eq 'checkout') {
-				$arg = shift @ARGV or die "missing --";
+				$arg = shift @ARGV or die __("missing --");
 				if ($arg eq '--') {
 					$patch_mode = 'checkout_index';
 				} else {
 					$patch_mode_revision = $arg;
 					$patch_mode = ($arg eq 'HEAD' ?
 						       'checkout_head' : 'checkout_nothead');
-					$arg = shift @ARGV or die "missing --";
+					$arg = shift @ARGV or die __("missing --");
 				}
 			} elsif ($1 eq 'stage' or $1 eq 'stash') {
 				$patch_mode = $1;
-				$arg = shift @ARGV or die "missing --";
+				$arg = shift @ARGV or die __("missing --");
 			} else {
-				die "unknown --patch mode: $1";
+				die sprintf(__("unknown --patch mode: %s"), $1);
 			}
 		} else {
 			$patch_mode = 'stage';
-			$arg = shift @ARGV or die "missing --";
+			$arg = shift @ARGV or die __("missing --");
 		}
-		die "invalid argument $arg, expecting --"
-		    unless $arg eq "--";
+		die sprintf(__("invalid argument %s, expecting --"),
+			       $arg) unless $arg eq "--";
 		%patch_mode_flavour = %{$patch_modes{$patch_mode}};
+		$patch_mode_only = 1;
 	}
 	elsif ($arg ne "--") {
-		die "invalid argument $arg, expecting --";
+		die sprintf(__("invalid argument %s, expecting --"), $arg);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1626,10 +1787,10 @@ sub main_loop {
 		   [ 'help', \&help_cmd, ],
 	);
 	while (1) {
-		my ($it) = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => 'What now',
+		my ($it) = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => __('What now'),
 					     SINGLETON => 1,
 					     LIST_FLAT => 4,
-					     HEADER => '*** Commands ***',
+					     HEADER => __('*** Commands ***'),
 					     ON_EOF => \&quit_cmd,
 					     IMMEDIATE => 1 }, @cmd);
 		if ($it) {
@@ -1645,7 +1806,7 @@ sub main_loop {
 
 process_args();
 refresh();
-if ($patch_mode) {
+if ($patch_mode_only) {
 	patch_update_cmd();
 }
 else {
diff --git a/git-am.sh b/git-am.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index a67d0f9898..0000000000
--- a/git-am.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,957 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2005, 2006 Junio C Hamano
-
-SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
-OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
-OPTIONS_STUCKLONG=t
-OPTIONS_SPEC="\
-git am [options] [(<mbox>|<Maildir>)...]
-git am [options] (--continue | --skip | --abort)
---
-i,interactive   run interactively
-b,binary*       (historical option -- no-op)
-3,3way          allow fall back on 3way merging if needed
-q,quiet         be quiet
-s,signoff       add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message
-u,utf8          recode into utf8 (default)
-k,keep          pass -k flag to git-mailinfo
-keep-non-patch  pass -b flag to git-mailinfo
-m,message-id    pass -m flag to git-mailinfo
-keep-cr         pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit for mbox format
-no-keep-cr      do not pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit independent of am.keepcr
-c,scissors      strip everything before a scissors line
-whitespace=     pass it through git-apply
-ignore-space-change pass it through git-apply
-ignore-whitespace pass it through git-apply
-directory=      pass it through git-apply
-exclude=        pass it through git-apply
-include=        pass it through git-apply
-C=              pass it through git-apply
-p=              pass it through git-apply
-patch-format=   format the patch(es) are in
-reject          pass it through git-apply
-resolvemsg=     override error message when patch failure occurs
-continue        continue applying patches after resolving a conflict
-r,resolved      synonyms for --continue
-skip            skip the current patch
-abort           restore the original branch and abort the patching operation.
-committer-date-is-author-date    lie about committer date
-ignore-date     use current timestamp for author date
-rerere-autoupdate update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible
-S,gpg-sign?     GPG-sign commits
-rebasing*       (internal use for git-rebase)"
-
-. git-sh-setup
-. git-sh-i18n
-prefix=$(git rev-parse --show-prefix)
-set_reflog_action am
-require_work_tree
-cd_to_toplevel
-
-git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT >/dev/null ||
-	die "$(gettext "You need to set your committer info first")"
-
-if git rev-parse --verify -q HEAD >/dev/null
-then
-	HAS_HEAD=yes
-else
-	HAS_HEAD=
-fi
-
-cmdline="git am"
-if test '' != "$interactive"
-then
-	cmdline="$cmdline -i"
-fi
-if test '' != "$threeway"
-then
-	cmdline="$cmdline -3"
-fi
-
-sq () {
-	git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@"
-}
-
-stop_here () {
-    echo "$1" >"$dotest/next"
-    git rev-parse --verify -q HEAD >"$dotest/abort-safety"
-    exit 1
-}
-
-safe_to_abort () {
-	if test -f "$dotest/dirtyindex"
-	then
-		return 1
-	fi
-
-	if ! test -s "$dotest/abort-safety"
-	then
-		return 0
-	fi
-
-	abort_safety=$(cat "$dotest/abort-safety")
-	if test "z$(git rev-parse --verify -q HEAD)" = "z$abort_safety"
-	then
-		return 0
-	fi
-	gettextln "You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.
-Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD" >&2
-	return 1
-}
-
-stop_here_user_resolve () {
-    if [ -n "$resolvemsg" ]; then
-	    printf '%s\n' "$resolvemsg"
-	    stop_here $1
-    fi
-    eval_gettextln "When you have resolved this problem, run \"\$cmdline --continue\".
-If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"\$cmdline --skip\" instead.
-To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"\$cmdline --abort\"."
-
-    stop_here $1
-}
-
-go_next () {
-	rm -f "$dotest/$msgnum" "$dotest/msg" "$dotest/msg-clean" \
-		"$dotest/patch" "$dotest/info"
-	echo "$next" >"$dotest/next"
-	this=$next
-}
-
-cannot_fallback () {
-	echo "$1"
-	gettextln "Cannot fall back to three-way merge."
-	exit 1
-}
-
-fall_back_3way () {
-    O_OBJECT=$(cd "$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY" && pwd)
-
-    rm -fr "$dotest"/patch-merge-*
-    mkdir "$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-dir"
-
-    # First see if the patch records the index info that we can use.
-    cmd="git apply $git_apply_opt --build-fake-ancestor" &&
-    cmd="$cmd "'"$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-index" "$dotest/patch"' &&
-    eval "$cmd" &&
-    GIT_INDEX_FILE="$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-index" \
-    git write-tree >"$dotest/patch-merge-base+" ||
-    cannot_fallback "$(gettext "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge.")"
-
-    say "$(gettext "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree...")"
-
-    cmd='GIT_INDEX_FILE="$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-index"'
-
-    if test -z "$GIT_QUIET"
-    then
-	eval "$cmd git diff-index --cached --diff-filter=AM --name-status HEAD"
-    fi
-
-    cmd="$cmd git apply --cached $git_apply_opt"' <"$dotest/patch"'
-    if eval "$cmd"
-    then
-	mv "$dotest/patch-merge-base+" "$dotest/patch-merge-base"
-	mv "$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-index" "$dotest/patch-merge-index"
-    else
-	cannot_fallback "$(gettext "Did you hand edit your patch?
-It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index.")"
-    fi
-
-    test -f "$dotest/patch-merge-index" &&
-    his_tree=$(GIT_INDEX_FILE="$dotest/patch-merge-index" git write-tree) &&
-    orig_tree=$(cat "$dotest/patch-merge-base") &&
-    rm -fr "$dotest"/patch-merge-* || exit 1
-
-    say "$(gettext "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge...")"
-
-    # This is not so wrong.  Depending on which base we picked,
-    # orig_tree may be wildly different from ours, but his_tree
-    # has the same set of wildly different changes in parts the
-    # patch did not touch, so recursive ends up canceling them,
-    # saying that we reverted all those changes.
-
-    eval GITHEAD_$his_tree='"$FIRSTLINE"'
-    export GITHEAD_$his_tree
-    if test -n "$GIT_QUIET"
-    then
-	    GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=0 && export GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY
-    fi
-    git-merge-recursive $orig_tree -- HEAD $his_tree || {
-	    git rerere $allow_rerere_autoupdate
-	    die "$(gettext "Failed to merge in the changes.")"
-    }
-    unset GITHEAD_$his_tree
-}
-
-clean_abort () {
-	test $# = 0 || echo >&2 "$@"
-	rm -fr "$dotest"
-	exit 1
-}
-
-patch_format=
-
-check_patch_format () {
-	# early return if patch_format was set from the command line
-	if test -n "$patch_format"
-	then
-		return 0
-	fi
-
-	# we default to mbox format if input is from stdin and for
-	# directories
-	if test $# = 0 || test "x$1" = "x-" || test -d "$1"
-	then
-		patch_format=mbox
-		return 0
-	fi
-
-	# otherwise, check the first few non-blank lines of the first
-	# patch to try to detect its format
-	{
-		# Start from first line containing non-whitespace
-		l1=
-		while test -z "$l1"
-		do
-			read l1 || break
-		done
-		read l2
-		read l3
-		case "$l1" in
-		"From "* | "From: "*)
-			patch_format=mbox
-			;;
-		'# This series applies on GIT commit'*)
-			patch_format=stgit-series
-			;;
-		"# HG changeset patch")
-			patch_format=hg
-			;;
-		*)
-			# if the second line is empty and the third is
-			# a From, Author or Date entry, this is very
-			# likely an StGIT patch
-			case "$l2,$l3" in
-			,"From: "* | ,"Author: "* | ,"Date: "*)
-				patch_format=stgit
-				;;
-			*)
-				;;
-			esac
-			;;
-		esac
-		if test -z "$patch_format" &&
-			test -n "$l1" &&
-			test -n "$l2" &&
-			test -n "$l3"
-		then
-			# This begins with three non-empty lines.  Is this a
-			# piece of e-mail a-la RFC2822?  Grab all the headers,
-			# discarding the indented remainder of folded lines,
-			# and see if it looks like that they all begin with the
-			# header field names...
-			tr -d '\015' <"$1" |
-			sed -n -e '/^$/q' -e '/^[ 	]/d' -e p |
-			sane_egrep -v '^[!-9;-~]+:' >/dev/null ||
-			patch_format=mbox
-		fi
-	} < "$1" || clean_abort
-}
-
-split_patches () {
-	case "$patch_format" in
-	mbox)
-		if test t = "$keepcr"
-		then
-		    keep_cr=--keep-cr
-		else
-		    keep_cr=
-		fi
-		git mailsplit -d"$prec" -o"$dotest" -b $keep_cr -- "$@" > "$dotest/last" ||
-		clean_abort
-		;;
-	stgit-series)
-		if test $# -ne 1
-		then
-			clean_abort "$(gettext "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once")"
-		fi
-		series_dir=$(dirname "$1")
-		series_file="$1"
-		shift
-		{
-			set x
-			while read filename
-			do
-				set "$@" "$series_dir/$filename"
-			done
-			# remove the safety x
-			shift
-			# remove the arg coming from the first-line comment
-			shift
-		} < "$series_file" || clean_abort
-		# set the patch format appropriately
-		patch_format=stgit
-		# now handle the actual StGIT patches
-		split_patches "$@"
-		;;
-	stgit)
-		this=0
-		for stgit in "$@"
-		do
-			this=$(expr "$this" + 1)
-			msgnum=$(printf "%0${prec}d" $this)
-			# Perl version of StGIT parse_patch. The first nonemptyline
-			# not starting with Author, From or Date is the
-			# subject, and the body starts with the next nonempty
-			# line not starting with Author, From or Date
-			@@PERL@@ -ne 'BEGIN { $subject = 0 }
-				if ($subject > 1) { print ; }
-				elsif (/^\s+$/) { next ; }
-				elsif (/^Author:/) { s/Author/From/ ; print ;}
-				elsif (/^(From|Date)/) { print ; }
-				elsif ($subject) {
-					$subject = 2 ;
-					print "\n" ;
-					print ;
-				} else {
-					print "Subject: ", $_ ;
-					$subject = 1;
-				}
-			' < "$stgit" > "$dotest/$msgnum" || clean_abort
-		done
-		echo "$this" > "$dotest/last"
-		this=
-		msgnum=
-		;;
-	hg)
-		this=0
-		for hg in "$@"
-		do
-			this=$(( $this + 1 ))
-			msgnum=$(printf "%0${prec}d" $this)
-			# hg stores changeset metadata in #-commented lines preceding
-			# the commit message and diff(s). The only metadata we care about
-			# are the User and Date (Node ID and Parent are hashes which are
-			# only relevant to the hg repository and thus not useful to us)
-			# Since we cannot guarantee that the commit message is in
-			# git-friendly format, we put no Subject: line and just consume
-			# all of the message as the body
-			LANG=C LC_ALL=C @@PERL@@ -M'POSIX qw(strftime)' -ne 'BEGIN { $subject = 0 }
-				if ($subject) { print ; }
-				elsif (/^\# User /) { s/\# User/From:/ ; print ; }
-				elsif (/^\# Date /) {
-					my ($hashsign, $str, $time, $tz) = split ;
-					$tz = sprintf "%+05d", (0-$tz)/36;
-					print "Date: " .
-					      strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S ",
-						       localtime($time))
-					      . "$tz\n";
-				} elsif (/^\# /) { next ; }
-				else {
-					print "\n", $_ ;
-					$subject = 1;
-				}
-			' <"$hg" >"$dotest/$msgnum" || clean_abort
-		done
-		echo "$this" >"$dotest/last"
-		this=
-		msgnum=
-		;;
-	*)
-		if test -n "$patch_format"
-		then
-			clean_abort "$(eval_gettext "Patch format \$patch_format is not supported.")"
-		else
-			clean_abort "$(gettext "Patch format detection failed.")"
-		fi
-		;;
-	esac
-}
-
-prec=4
-dotest="$GIT_DIR/rebase-apply"
-sign= utf8=t keep= keepcr= skip= interactive= resolved= rebasing= abort=
-messageid= resolvemsg= resume= scissors= no_inbody_headers=
-git_apply_opt=
-committer_date_is_author_date=
-ignore_date=
-allow_rerere_autoupdate=
-gpg_sign_opt=
-
-if test "$(git config --bool --get am.messageid)" = true
-then
-    messageid=t
-fi
-
-if test "$(git config --bool --get am.keepcr)" = true
-then
-    keepcr=t
-fi
-
-while test $# != 0
-do
-	case "$1" in
-	-i|--interactive)
-		interactive=t ;;
-	-b|--binary)
-		gettextln >&2 "The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and
-it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
-		;;
-	-3|--3way)
-		threeway=t ;;
-	-s|--signoff)
-		sign=t ;;
-	-u|--utf8)
-		utf8=t ;; # this is now default
-	--no-utf8)
-		utf8= ;;
-	-m|--message-id)
-		messageid=t ;;
-	--no-message-id)
-		messageid=f ;;
-	-k|--keep)
-		keep=t ;;
-	--keep-non-patch)
-		keep=b ;;
-	-c|--scissors)
-		scissors=t ;;
-	--no-scissors)
-		scissors=f ;;
-	-r|--resolved|--continue)
-		resolved=t ;;
-	--skip)
-		skip=t ;;
-	--abort)
-		abort=t ;;
-	--rebasing)
-		rebasing=t threeway=t ;;
-	--resolvemsg=*)
-		resolvemsg="${1#--resolvemsg=}" ;;
-	--whitespace=*|--directory=*|--exclude=*|--include=*)
-		git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $(sq "$1")" ;;
-	-C*|-p*)
-		git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $(sq "$1")" ;;
-	--patch-format=*)
-		patch_format="${1#--patch-format=}" ;;
-	--reject|--ignore-whitespace|--ignore-space-change)
-		git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $1" ;;
-	--committer-date-is-author-date)
-		committer_date_is_author_date=t ;;
-	--ignore-date)
-		ignore_date=t ;;
-	--rerere-autoupdate|--no-rerere-autoupdate)
-		allow_rerere_autoupdate="$1" ;;
-	-q|--quiet)
-		GIT_QUIET=t ;;
-	--keep-cr)
-		keepcr=t ;;
-	--no-keep-cr)
-		keepcr=f ;;
-	--gpg-sign)
-		gpg_sign_opt=-S ;;
-	--gpg-sign=*)
-		gpg_sign_opt="-S${1#--gpg-sign=}" ;;
-	--)
-		shift; break ;;
-	*)
-		usage ;;
-	esac
-	shift
-done
-
-# If the dotest directory exists, but we have finished applying all the
-# patches in them, clear it out.
-if test -d "$dotest" &&
-   test -f "$dotest/last" &&
-   test -f "$dotest/next" &&
-   last=$(cat "$dotest/last") &&
-   next=$(cat "$dotest/next") &&
-   test $# != 0 &&
-   test "$next" -gt "$last"
-then
-   rm -fr "$dotest"
-fi
-
-if test -d "$dotest" && test -f "$dotest/last" && test -f "$dotest/next"
-then
-	case "$#,$skip$resolved$abort" in
-	0,*t*)
-		# Explicit resume command and we do not have file, so
-		# we are happy.
-		: ;;
-	0,)
-		# No file input but without resume parameters; catch
-		# user error to feed us a patch from standard input
-		# when there is already $dotest.  This is somewhat
-		# unreliable -- stdin could be /dev/null for example
-		# and the caller did not intend to feed us a patch but
-		# wanted to continue unattended.
-		test -t 0
-		;;
-	*)
-		false
-		;;
-	esac ||
-	die "$(eval_gettext "previous rebase directory \$dotest still exists but mbox given.")"
-	resume=yes
-
-	case "$skip,$abort" in
-	t,t)
-		die "$(gettext "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?")"
-		;;
-	t,)
-		git rerere clear
-		git read-tree --reset -u HEAD HEAD
-		orig_head=$(cat "$GIT_DIR/ORIG_HEAD")
-		git reset HEAD
-		git update-ref ORIG_HEAD $orig_head
-		;;
-	,t)
-		if test -f "$dotest/rebasing"
-		then
-			exec git rebase --abort
-		fi
-		git rerere clear
-		if safe_to_abort
-		then
-			git read-tree --reset -u HEAD ORIG_HEAD
-			git reset ORIG_HEAD
-		fi
-		rm -fr "$dotest"
-		exit ;;
-	esac
-	rm -f "$dotest/dirtyindex"
-else
-	# Possible stray $dotest directory in the independent-run
-	# case; in the --rebasing case, it is upto the caller
-	# (git-rebase--am) to take care of stray directories.
-	if test -d "$dotest" && test -z "$rebasing"
-	then
-		case "$skip,$resolved,$abort" in
-		,,t)
-			rm -fr "$dotest"
-			exit 0
-			;;
-		*)
-			die "$(eval_gettext "Stray \$dotest directory found.
-Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it.")"
-			;;
-		esac
-	fi
-
-	# Make sure we are not given --skip, --continue, or --abort
-	test "$skip$resolved$abort" = "" ||
-		die "$(gettext "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming.")"
-
-	# Start afresh.
-	mkdir -p "$dotest" || exit
-
-	if test -n "$prefix" && test $# != 0
-	then
-		first=t
-		for arg
-		do
-			test -n "$first" && {
-				set x
-				first=
-			}
-			if is_absolute_path "$arg"
-			then
-				set "$@" "$arg"
-			else
-				set "$@" "$prefix$arg"
-			fi
-		done
-		shift
-	fi
-
-	check_patch_format "$@"
-
-	split_patches "$@"
-
-	# -i can and must be given when resuming; everything
-	# else is kept
-	echo " $git_apply_opt" >"$dotest/apply-opt"
-	echo "$threeway" >"$dotest/threeway"
-	echo "$sign" >"$dotest/sign"
-	echo "$utf8" >"$dotest/utf8"
-	echo "$keep" >"$dotest/keep"
-	echo "$messageid" >"$dotest/messageid"
-	echo "$scissors" >"$dotest/scissors"
-	echo "$no_inbody_headers" >"$dotest/no_inbody_headers"
-	echo "$GIT_QUIET" >"$dotest/quiet"
-	echo 1 >"$dotest/next"
-	if test -n "$rebasing"
-	then
-		: >"$dotest/rebasing"
-	else
-		: >"$dotest/applying"
-		if test -n "$HAS_HEAD"
-		then
-			git update-ref ORIG_HEAD HEAD
-		else
-			git update-ref -d ORIG_HEAD >/dev/null 2>&1
-		fi
-	fi
-fi
-
-git update-index -q --refresh
-
-case "$resolved" in
-'')
-	case "$HAS_HEAD" in
-	'')
-		files=$(git ls-files) ;;
-	?*)
-		files=$(git diff-index --cached --name-only HEAD --) ;;
-	esac || exit
-	if test "$files"
-	then
-		test -n "$HAS_HEAD" && : >"$dotest/dirtyindex"
-		die "$(eval_gettext "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: \$files)")"
-	fi
-esac
-
-# Now, decide what command line options we will give to the git
-# commands we invoke, based on the result of parsing command line
-# options and previous invocation state stored in $dotest/ files.
-
-if test "$(cat "$dotest/utf8")" = t
-then
-	utf8=-u
-else
-	utf8=-n
-fi
-keep=$(cat "$dotest/keep")
-case "$keep" in
-t)
-	keep=-k ;;
-b)
-	keep=-b ;;
-*)
-	keep= ;;
-esac
-case "$(cat "$dotest/messageid")" in
-t)
-	messageid=-m ;;
-f)
-	messageid= ;;
-esac
-case "$(cat "$dotest/scissors")" in
-t)
-	scissors=--scissors ;;
-f)
-	scissors=--no-scissors ;;
-esac
-if test "$(cat "$dotest/no_inbody_headers")" = t
-then
-	no_inbody_headers=--no-inbody-headers
-else
-	no_inbody_headers=
-fi
-if test "$(cat "$dotest/quiet")" = t
-then
-	GIT_QUIET=t
-fi
-if test "$(cat "$dotest/threeway")" = t
-then
-	threeway=t
-fi
-git_apply_opt=$(cat "$dotest/apply-opt")
-if test "$(cat "$dotest/sign")" = t
-then
-	SIGNOFF=$(git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT | sed -e '
-			s/>.*/>/
-			s/^/Signed-off-by: /'
-		)
-else
-	SIGNOFF=
-fi
-
-last=$(cat "$dotest/last")
-this=$(cat "$dotest/next")
-if test "$skip" = t
-then
-	this=$(expr "$this" + 1)
-	resume=
-fi
-
-while test "$this" -le "$last"
-do
-	msgnum=$(printf "%0${prec}d" $this)
-	next=$(expr "$this" + 1)
-	test -f "$dotest/$msgnum" || {
-		resume=
-		go_next
-		continue
-	}
-
-	# If we are not resuming, parse and extract the patch information
-	# into separate files:
-	#  - info records the authorship and title
-	#  - msg is the rest of commit log message
-	#  - patch is the patch body.
-	#
-	# When we are resuming, these files are either already prepared
-	# by the user, or the user can tell us to do so by --continue flag.
-	case "$resume" in
-	'')
-		if test -f "$dotest/rebasing"
-		then
-			commit=$(sed -e 's/^From \([0-9a-f]*\) .*/\1/' \
-				-e q "$dotest/$msgnum") &&
-			test "$(git cat-file -t "$commit")" = commit ||
-				stop_here $this
-			git cat-file commit "$commit" |
-			sed -e '1,/^$/d' >"$dotest/msg-clean"
-			echo "$commit" >"$dotest/original-commit"
-			get_author_ident_from_commit "$commit" >"$dotest/author-script"
-			git diff-tree --root --binary --full-index "$commit" >"$dotest/patch"
-		else
-			git mailinfo $keep $no_inbody_headers $messageid $scissors $utf8 "$dotest/msg" "$dotest/patch" \
-				<"$dotest/$msgnum" >"$dotest/info" ||
-				stop_here $this
-
-			# skip pine's internal folder data
-			sane_grep '^Author: Mail System Internal Data$' \
-				<"$dotest"/info >/dev/null &&
-				go_next && continue
-
-			test -s "$dotest/patch" || {
-				eval_gettextln "Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?
-If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"\$cmdline --skip\".
-To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"\$cmdline --abort\"."
-				stop_here $this
-			}
-			rm -f "$dotest/original-commit" "$dotest/author-script"
-			{
-				sed -n '/^Subject/ s/Subject: //p' "$dotest/info"
-				echo
-				cat "$dotest/msg"
-			} |
-			git stripspace > "$dotest/msg-clean"
-		fi
-		;;
-	esac
-
-	if test -f "$dotest/author-script"
-	then
-		eval $(cat "$dotest/author-script")
-	else
-		GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="$(sed -n '/^Author/ s/Author: //p' "$dotest/info")"
-		GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="$(sed -n '/^Email/ s/Email: //p' "$dotest/info")"
-		GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="$(sed -n '/^Date/ s/Date: //p' "$dotest/info")"
-	fi
-
-	if test -z "$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL"
-	then
-		gettextln "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
-		stop_here $this
-	fi
-
-	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
-
-	case "$resume" in
-	'')
-	    if test '' != "$SIGNOFF"
-	    then
-		LAST_SIGNED_OFF_BY=$(
-		    sed -ne '/^Signed-off-by: /p' \
-		    "$dotest/msg-clean" |
-		    sed -ne '$p'
-		)
-		ADD_SIGNOFF=$(
-		    test "$LAST_SIGNED_OFF_BY" = "$SIGNOFF" || {
-		    test '' = "$LAST_SIGNED_OFF_BY" && echo
-		    echo "$SIGNOFF"
-		})
-	    else
-		ADD_SIGNOFF=
-	    fi
-	    {
-		if test -s "$dotest/msg-clean"
-		then
-			cat "$dotest/msg-clean"
-		fi
-		if test '' != "$ADD_SIGNOFF"
-		then
-			echo "$ADD_SIGNOFF"
-		fi
-	    } >"$dotest/final-commit"
-	    ;;
-	*)
-		case "$resolved$interactive" in
-		tt)
-			# This is used only for interactive view option.
-			git diff-index -p --cached HEAD -- >"$dotest/patch"
-			;;
-		esac
-	esac
-
-	resume=
-	if test "$interactive" = t
-	then
-	    test -t 0 ||
-	    die "$(gettext "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal.")"
-	    action=again
-	    while test "$action" = again
-	    do
-		gettextln "Commit Body is:"
-		echo "--------------------------"
-		cat "$dotest/final-commit"
-		echo "--------------------------"
-		# TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
-		# in your translation. The program will only accept English
-		# input at this point.
-		gettext "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
-		read reply
-		case "$reply" in
-		[yY]*) action=yes ;;
-		[aA]*) action=yes interactive= ;;
-		[nN]*) action=skip ;;
-		[eE]*) git_editor "$dotest/final-commit"
-		       action=again ;;
-		[vV]*) action=again
-		       git_pager "$dotest/patch" ;;
-		*)     action=again ;;
-		esac
-	    done
-	else
-	    action=yes
-	fi
-
-	if test $action = skip
-	then
-		go_next
-		continue
-	fi
-
-	if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/applypatch-msg
-	then
-		"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/applypatch-msg "$dotest/final-commit" ||
-		stop_here $this
-	fi
-
-	if test -f "$dotest/final-commit"
-	then
-		FIRSTLINE=$(sed 1q "$dotest/final-commit")
-	else
-		FIRSTLINE=""
-	fi
-
-	say "$(eval_gettext "Applying: \$FIRSTLINE")"
-
-	case "$resolved" in
-	'')
-		# When we are allowed to fall back to 3-way later, don't give
-		# false errors during the initial attempt.
-		squelch=
-		if test "$threeway" = t
-		then
-			squelch='>/dev/null 2>&1 '
-		fi
-		eval "git apply $squelch$git_apply_opt"' --index "$dotest/patch"'
-		apply_status=$?
-		;;
-	t)
-		# Resolved means the user did all the hard work, and
-		# we do not have to do any patch application.  Just
-		# trust what the user has in the index file and the
-		# working tree.
-		resolved=
-		git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD -- && {
-			gettextln "No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?
-If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else
-already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
-			stop_here_user_resolve $this
-		}
-		unmerged=$(git ls-files -u)
-		if test -n "$unmerged"
-		then
-			gettextln "You still have unmerged paths in your index
-did you forget to use 'git add'?"
-			stop_here_user_resolve $this
-		fi
-		apply_status=0
-		git rerere
-		;;
-	esac
-
-	if test $apply_status != 0 && test "$threeway" = t
-	then
-		if (fall_back_3way)
-		then
-		    # Applying the patch to an earlier tree and merging the
-		    # result may have produced the same tree as ours.
-		    git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD -- && {
-			say "$(gettext "No changes -- Patch already applied.")"
-			go_next
-			continue
-		    }
-		    # clear apply_status -- we have successfully merged.
-		    apply_status=0
-		fi
-	fi
-	if test $apply_status != 0
-	then
-		eval_gettextln 'Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE'
-		if test "$(git config --bool advice.amworkdir)" != false
-		then
-			eval_gettextln 'The copy of the patch that failed is found in:
-   $dotest/patch'
-		fi
-		stop_here_user_resolve $this
-	fi
-
-	if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/pre-applypatch
-	then
-		"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/pre-applypatch || stop_here $this
-	fi
-
-	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
-	commit=$(
-		if test -n "$ignore_date"
-		then
-			GIT_AUTHOR_DATE=
-		fi
-		parent=$(git rev-parse --verify -q HEAD) ||
-		say >&2 "$(gettext "applying to an empty history")"
-
-		if test -n "$committer_date_is_author_date"
-		then
-			GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE"
-			export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-		fi &&
-		git commit-tree ${parent:+-p} $parent ${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} $tree  \
-			<"$dotest/final-commit"
-	) &&
-	git update-ref -m "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: $FIRSTLINE" HEAD $commit $parent ||
-	stop_here $this
-
-	if test -f "$dotest/original-commit"; then
-		echo "$(cat "$dotest/original-commit") $commit" >> "$dotest/rewritten"
-	fi
-
-	if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-applypatch
-	then
-		"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-applypatch
-	fi
-
-	go_next
-done
-
-if test -s "$dotest"/rewritten; then
-    git notes copy --for-rewrite=rebase < "$dotest"/rewritten
-    if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-rewrite; then
-	"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-rewrite rebase < "$dotest"/rewritten
-    fi
-fi
-
-# If am was called with --rebasing (from git-rebase--am), it's up to
-# the caller to take care of housekeeping.
-if ! test -f "$dotest/rebasing"
-then
-	rm -fr "$dotest"
-	git gc --auto
-fi
diff --git a/git-archimport.perl b/git-archimport.perl
index 9cb123a07d..b7c173c345 100755
--- a/git-archimport.perl
+++ b/git-archimport.perl
@@ -983,7 +983,7 @@ sub find_parents {
 	# check that we actually know about the branch
 	next unless -e "$git_dir/refs/heads/$branch";
 
-	my $mergebase = `git-merge-base $branch $ps->{branch}`;
+	my $mergebase = safe_pipe_capture(qw(git-merge-base), $branch, $ps->{branch});
 	if ($?) {
 	    # Don't die here, Arch supports one-way cherry-picking
 	    # between branches with no common base (or any relationship
@@ -1074,7 +1074,7 @@ sub find_parents {
 
 sub git_rev_parse {
     my $name = shift;
-    my $val  = `git-rev-parse $name`;
+    my $val  = safe_pipe_capture(qw(git-rev-parse), $name);
     die "Error: git-rev-parse $name" if $?;
     chomp $val;
     return $val;
diff --git a/git-bisect.sh b/git-bisect.sh
index ae3fec22c4..54cbfecc5a 100755
--- a/git-bisect.sh
+++ b/git-bisect.sh
@@ -1,21 +1,26 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-USAGE='[help|start|bad|good|skip|next|reset|visualize|replay|log|run]'
+USAGE='[help|start|bad|good|new|old|terms|skip|next|reset|visualize|view|replay|log|run]'
 LONG_USAGE='git bisect help
 	print this long help message.
-git bisect start [--no-checkout] [<bad> [<good>...]] [--] [<pathspec>...]
+git bisect start [--term-{old,good}=<term> --term-{new,bad}=<term>]
+		 [--no-checkout] [<bad> [<good>...]] [--] [<pathspec>...]
 	reset bisect state and start bisection.
-git bisect bad [<rev>]
-	mark <rev> a known-bad revision.
-git bisect good [<rev>...]
-	mark <rev>... known-good revisions.
+git bisect (bad|new) [<rev>]
+	mark <rev> a known-bad revision/
+		a revision after change in a given property.
+git bisect (good|old) [<rev>...]
+	mark <rev>... known-good revisions/
+		revisions before change in a given property.
+git bisect terms [--term-good | --term-bad]
+	show the terms used for old and new commits (default: bad, good)
 git bisect skip [(<rev>|<range>)...]
 	mark <rev>... untestable revisions.
 git bisect next
 	find next bisection to test and check it out.
 git bisect reset [<commit>]
 	finish bisection search and go back to commit.
-git bisect visualize
+git bisect (visualize|view)
 	show bisect status in gitk.
 git bisect replay <logfile>
 	replay bisection log.
@@ -28,10 +33,11 @@ Please use "git help bisect" to get the full man page.'
 
 OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
-. git-sh-i18n
 
 _x40='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
 _x40="$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40"
+TERM_BAD=bad
+TERM_GOOD=good
 
 bisect_head()
 {
@@ -75,6 +81,8 @@ bisect_start() {
 	orig_args=$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@")
 	bad_seen=0
 	eval=''
+	must_write_terms=0
+	revs=''
 	if test "z$(git rev-parse --is-bare-repository)" != zfalse
 	then
 		mode=--no-checkout
@@ -91,6 +99,24 @@ bisect_start() {
 		--no-checkout)
 			mode=--no-checkout
 			shift ;;
+		--term-good|--term-old)
+			shift
+			must_write_terms=1
+			TERM_GOOD=$1
+			shift ;;
+		--term-good=*|--term-old=*)
+			must_write_terms=1
+			TERM_GOOD=${1#*=}
+			shift ;;
+		--term-bad|--term-new)
+			shift
+			must_write_terms=1
+			TERM_BAD=$1
+			shift ;;
+		--term-bad=*|--term-new=*)
+			must_write_terms=1
+			TERM_BAD=${1#*=}
+			shift ;;
 		--*)
 			die "$(eval_gettext "unrecognised option: '\$arg'")" ;;
 		*)
@@ -99,16 +125,27 @@ bisect_start() {
 				die "$(eval_gettext "'\$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision")"
 				break
 			}
-			case $bad_seen in
-			0) state='bad' ; bad_seen=1 ;;
-			*) state='good' ;;
-			esac
-			eval="$eval bisect_write '$state' '$rev' 'nolog' &&"
+			revs="$revs $rev"
 			shift
 			;;
 		esac
 	done
 
+	for rev in $revs
+	do
+		# The user ran "git bisect start <sha1>
+		# <sha1>", hence did not explicitly specify
+		# the terms, but we are already starting to
+		# set references named with the default terms,
+		# and won't be able to change afterwards.
+		must_write_terms=1
+
+		case $bad_seen in
+		0) state=$TERM_BAD ; bad_seen=1 ;;
+		*) state=$TERM_GOOD ;;
+		esac
+		eval="$eval bisect_write '$state' '$rev' 'nolog' &&"
+	done
 	#
 	# Verify HEAD.
 	#
@@ -149,7 +186,7 @@ bisect_start() {
 	#
 	# Get rid of any old bisect state.
 	#
-	bisect_clean_state || exit
+	git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state || exit
 
 	#
 	# Change state.
@@ -158,7 +195,7 @@ bisect_start() {
 	# We have to trap this to be able to clean up using
 	# "bisect_clean_state".
 	#
-	trap 'bisect_clean_state' 0
+	trap 'git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state' 0
 	trap 'exit 255' 1 2 3 15
 
 	#
@@ -170,6 +207,10 @@ bisect_start() {
 	} &&
 	git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@" >"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_NAMES" &&
 	eval "$eval true" &&
+	if test $must_write_terms -eq 1
+	then
+		git bisect--helper --write-terms "$TERM_BAD" "$TERM_GOOD" || exit
+	fi &&
 	echo "git bisect start$orig_args" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG" || exit
 	#
 	# Check if we can proceed to the next bisect state.
@@ -184,31 +225,18 @@ bisect_write() {
 	rev="$2"
 	nolog="$3"
 	case "$state" in
-		bad)		tag="$state" ;;
-		good|skip)	tag="$state"-"$rev" ;;
-		*)		die "$(eval_gettext "Bad bisect_write argument: \$state")" ;;
+		"$TERM_BAD")
+			tag="$state" ;;
+		"$TERM_GOOD"|skip)
+			tag="$state"-"$rev" ;;
+		*)
+			die "$(eval_gettext "Bad bisect_write argument: \$state")" ;;
 	esac
 	git update-ref "refs/bisect/$tag" "$rev" || exit
 	echo "# $state: $(git show-branch $rev)" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
 	test -n "$nolog" || echo "git bisect $state $rev" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
 }
 
-is_expected_rev() {
-	test -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_EXPECTED_REV" &&
-	test "$1" = $(cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_EXPECTED_REV")
-}
-
-check_expected_revs() {
-	for _rev in "$@"; do
-		if ! is_expected_rev "$_rev"
-		then
-			rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK"
-			rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_EXPECTED_REV"
-			return
-		fi
-	done
-}
-
 bisect_skip() {
 	all=''
 	for arg in "$@"
@@ -227,15 +255,17 @@ bisect_skip() {
 bisect_state() {
 	bisect_autostart
 	state=$1
+	check_and_set_terms $state
 	case "$#,$state" in
 	0,*)
-		die "$(gettext "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument.")" ;;
-	1,bad|1,good|1,skip)
-		rev=$(git rev-parse --verify $(bisect_head)) ||
-			die "$(gettext "Bad rev input: $(bisect_head)")"
+		die "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument." ;;
+	1,"$TERM_BAD"|1,"$TERM_GOOD"|1,skip)
+		bisected_head=$(bisect_head)
+		rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "$bisected_head") ||
+			die "$(eval_gettext "Bad rev input: \$bisected_head")"
 		bisect_write "$state" "$rev"
-		check_expected_revs "$rev" ;;
-	2,bad|*,good|*,skip)
+		git bisect--helper --check-expected-revs "$rev" ;;
+	2,"$TERM_BAD"|*,"$TERM_GOOD"|*,skip)
 		shift
 		hash_list=''
 		for rev in "$@"
@@ -248,9 +278,9 @@ bisect_state() {
 		do
 			bisect_write "$state" "$rev"
 		done
-		check_expected_revs $hash_list ;;
-	*,bad)
-		die "$(gettext "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument.")" ;;
+		git bisect--helper --check-expected-revs $hash_list ;;
+	*,"$TERM_BAD")
+		die "$(eval_gettext "'git bisect \$TERM_BAD' can take only one argument.")" ;;
 	*)
 		usage ;;
 	esac
@@ -259,21 +289,21 @@ bisect_state() {
 
 bisect_next_check() {
 	missing_good= missing_bad=
-	git show-ref -q --verify refs/bisect/bad || missing_bad=t
-	test -n "$(git for-each-ref "refs/bisect/good-*")" || missing_good=t
+	git show-ref -q --verify refs/bisect/$TERM_BAD || missing_bad=t
+	test -n "$(git for-each-ref "refs/bisect/$TERM_GOOD-*")" || missing_good=t
 
 	case "$missing_good,$missing_bad,$1" in
 	,,*)
-		: have both good and bad - ok
+		: have both $TERM_GOOD and $TERM_BAD - ok
 		;;
 	*,)
 		# do not have both but not asked to fail - just report.
 		false
 		;;
-	t,,good)
-		# have bad but not good.  we could bisect although
+	t,,"$TERM_GOOD")
+		# have bad (or new) but not good (or old).  we could bisect although
 		# this is less optimum.
-		gettextln "Warning: bisecting only with a bad commit." >&2
+		eval_gettextln "Warning: bisecting only with a \$TERM_BAD commit." >&2
 		if test -t 0
 		then
 			# TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
@@ -283,18 +313,20 @@ bisect_next_check() {
 			read yesno
 			case "$yesno" in [Nn]*) exit 1 ;; esac
 		fi
-		: bisect without good...
+		: bisect without $TERM_GOOD...
 		;;
 	*)
-
+		bad_syn=$(bisect_voc bad)
+		good_syn=$(bisect_voc good)
 		if test -s "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START"
 		then
-			gettextln "You need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.
-(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)" >&2
+
+			eval_gettextln "You need to give me at least one \$bad_syn and one \$good_syn revision.
+(You can use \"git bisect \$bad_syn\" and \"git bisect \$good_syn\" for that.)" >&2
 		else
-			gettextln "You need to start by \"git bisect start\".
-You then need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.
-(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)" >&2
+			eval_gettextln "You need to start by \"git bisect start\".
+You then need to give me at least one \$good_syn and one \$bad_syn revision.
+(You can use \"git bisect \$bad_syn\" and \"git bisect \$good_syn\" for that.)" >&2
 		fi
 		exit 1 ;;
 	esac
@@ -307,7 +339,7 @@ bisect_auto_next() {
 bisect_next() {
 	case "$#" in 0) ;; *) usage ;; esac
 	bisect_autostart
-	bisect_next_check good
+	bisect_next_check $TERM_GOOD
 
 	# Perform all bisection computation, display and checkout
 	git bisect--helper --next-all $(test -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_HEAD" && echo --no-checkout)
@@ -316,18 +348,18 @@ bisect_next() {
 	# Check if we should exit because bisection is finished
 	if test $res -eq 10
 	then
-		bad_rev=$(git show-ref --hash --verify refs/bisect/bad)
+		bad_rev=$(git show-ref --hash --verify refs/bisect/$TERM_BAD)
 		bad_commit=$(git show-branch $bad_rev)
-		echo "# first bad commit: $bad_commit" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
+		echo "# first $TERM_BAD commit: $bad_commit" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
 		exit 0
 	elif test $res -eq 2
 	then
 		echo "# only skipped commits left to test" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
-		good_revs=$(git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" "refs/bisect/good-*")
-		for skipped in $(git rev-list refs/bisect/bad --not $good_revs)
+		good_revs=$(git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" "refs/bisect/$TERM_GOOD-*")
+		for skipped in $(git rev-list refs/bisect/$TERM_BAD --not $good_revs)
 		do
 			skipped_commit=$(git show-branch $skipped)
-			echo "# possible first bad commit: $skipped_commit" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
+			echo "# possible first $TERM_BAD commit: $skipped_commit" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
 		done
 		exit $res
 	fi
@@ -382,26 +414,7 @@ bisect_reset() {
 		die "$(eval_gettext "Could not check out original HEAD '\$branch'.
 Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'.")"
 	fi
-	bisect_clean_state
-}
-
-bisect_clean_state() {
-	# There may be some refs packed during bisection.
-	git for-each-ref --format='%(refname) %(objectname)' refs/bisect/\* |
-	while read ref hash
-	do
-		git update-ref -d $ref $hash || exit
-	done
-	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_EXPECTED_REV" &&
-	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK" &&
-	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG" &&
-	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_NAMES" &&
-	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN" &&
-	# Cleanup head-name if it got left by an old version of git-bisect
-	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/head-name" &&
-	git update-ref -d --no-deref BISECT_HEAD &&
-	# clean up BISECT_START last
-	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START"
+	git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state || exit
 }
 
 bisect_replay () {
@@ -417,12 +430,16 @@ bisect_replay () {
 			rev="$command"
 			command="$bisect"
 		fi
+		get_terms
+		check_and_set_terms "$command"
 		case "$command" in
 		start)
 			cmd="bisect_start $rev"
 			eval "$cmd" ;;
-		good|bad|skip)
+		"$TERM_GOOD"|"$TERM_BAD"|skip)
 			bisect_write "$command" "$rev" ;;
+		terms)
+			bisect_terms $rev ;;
 		*)
 			die "$(gettext "?? what are you talking about?")" ;;
 		esac
@@ -433,6 +450,8 @@ bisect_replay () {
 bisect_run () {
 	bisect_next_check fail
 
+	test -n "$*" || die "$(gettext "bisect run failed: no command provided.")"
+
 	while true
 	do
 		command="$@"
@@ -455,9 +474,9 @@ exit code \$res from '\$command' is < 0 or >= 128" >&2
 			state='skip'
 		elif [ $res -gt 0 ]
 		then
-			state='bad'
+			state="$TERM_BAD"
 		else
-			state='good'
+			state="$TERM_GOOD"
 		fi
 
 		# We have to use a subshell because "bisect_state" can exit.
@@ -466,7 +485,7 @@ exit code \$res from '\$command' is < 0 or >= 128" >&2
 
 		cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN"
 
-		if sane_grep "first bad commit could be any of" "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN" \
+		if sane_grep "first $TERM_BAD commit could be any of" "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN" \
 			>/dev/null
 		then
 			gettextln "bisect run cannot continue any more" >&2
@@ -480,7 +499,7 @@ exit code \$res from '\$command' is < 0 or >= 128" >&2
 			exit $res
 		fi
 
-		if sane_grep "is the first bad commit" "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN" >/dev/null
+		if sane_grep "is the first $TERM_BAD commit" "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN" >/dev/null
 		then
 			gettextln "bisect run success"
 			exit 0;
@@ -494,18 +513,97 @@ bisect_log () {
 	cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
 }
 
+get_terms () {
+	if test -s "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_TERMS"
+	then
+		{
+		read TERM_BAD
+		read TERM_GOOD
+		} <"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_TERMS"
+	fi
+}
+
+check_and_set_terms () {
+	cmd="$1"
+	case "$cmd" in
+	skip|start|terms) ;;
+	*)
+		if test -s "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_TERMS" && test "$cmd" != "$TERM_BAD" && test "$cmd" != "$TERM_GOOD"
+		then
+			die "$(eval_gettext "Invalid command: you're currently in a \$TERM_BAD/\$TERM_GOOD bisect.")"
+		fi
+		case "$cmd" in
+		bad|good)
+			if ! test -s "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_TERMS"
+			then
+				TERM_BAD=bad
+				TERM_GOOD=good
+				git bisect--helper --write-terms "$TERM_BAD" "$TERM_GOOD" || exit
+			fi
+			;;
+		new|old)
+			if ! test -s "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_TERMS"
+			then
+				TERM_BAD=new
+				TERM_GOOD=old
+				git bisect--helper --write-terms "$TERM_BAD" "$TERM_GOOD" || exit
+			fi
+			;;
+		esac ;;
+	esac
+}
+
+bisect_voc () {
+	case "$1" in
+	bad) echo "bad|new" ;;
+	good) echo "good|old" ;;
+	esac
+}
+
+bisect_terms () {
+	get_terms
+	if ! test -s "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_TERMS"
+	then
+		die "$(gettext "no terms defined")"
+	fi
+	case "$#" in
+	0)
+		gettextln "Your current terms are $TERM_GOOD for the old state
+and $TERM_BAD for the new state."
+		;;
+	1)
+		arg=$1
+		case "$arg" in
+			--term-good|--term-old)
+				printf '%s\n' "$TERM_GOOD"
+				;;
+			--term-bad|--term-new)
+				printf '%s\n' "$TERM_BAD"
+				;;
+			*)
+				die "$(eval_gettext "invalid argument \$arg for 'git bisect terms'.
+Supported options are: --term-good|--term-old and --term-bad|--term-new.")"
+				;;
+		esac
+		;;
+	*)
+		usage ;;
+	esac
+}
+
 case "$#" in
 0)
 	usage ;;
 *)
 	cmd="$1"
+	get_terms
 	shift
 	case "$cmd" in
 	help)
 		git bisect -h ;;
 	start)
 		bisect_start "$@" ;;
-	bad|good)
+	bad|good|new|old|"$TERM_BAD"|"$TERM_GOOD")
 		bisect_state "$cmd" "$@" ;;
 	skip)
 		bisect_skip "$@" ;;
@@ -522,6 +620,8 @@ case "$#" in
 		bisect_log ;;
 	run)
 		bisect_run "$@" ;;
+	terms)
+		bisect_terms "$@" ;;
 	*)
 		usage ;;
 	esac
diff --git a/git-compat-util.h b/git-compat-util.h
index a3095be962..5f2e90932f 100644
--- a/git-compat-util.h
+++ b/git-compat-util.h
@@ -3,6 +3,23 @@
 
 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
 
+
+/* Derived from Linux "Features Test Macro" header
+ * Convenience macros to test the versions of gcc (or
+ * a compatible compiler).
+ * Use them like this:
+ *  #if GIT_GNUC_PREREQ (2,8)
+ *   ... code requiring gcc 2.8 or later ...
+ *  #endif
+*/
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__GNUC_MINOR__)
+# define GIT_GNUC_PREREQ(maj, min) \
+	((__GNUC__ << 16) + __GNUC_MINOR__ >= ((maj) << 16) + (min))
+#else
+ #define GIT_GNUC_PREREQ(maj, min) 0
+#endif
+
+
 #ifndef FLEX_ARRAY
 /*
  * See if our compiler is known to support flexible array members.
@@ -25,7 +42,40 @@
 #endif
 #endif
 
-#define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x)/sizeof(x[0]))
+
+/*
+ * BUILD_ASSERT_OR_ZERO - assert a build-time dependency, as an expression.
+ * @cond: the compile-time condition which must be true.
+ *
+ * Your compile will fail if the condition isn't true, or can't be evaluated
+ * by the compiler.  This can be used in an expression: its value is "0".
+ *
+ * Example:
+ *	#define foo_to_char(foo)					\
+ *		 ((char *)(foo)						\
+ *		  + BUILD_ASSERT_OR_ZERO(offsetof(struct foo, string) == 0))
+ */
+#define BUILD_ASSERT_OR_ZERO(cond) \
+	(sizeof(char [1 - 2*!(cond)]) - 1)
+
+#if GIT_GNUC_PREREQ(3, 1)
+ /* &arr[0] degrades to a pointer: a different type from an array */
+# define BARF_UNLESS_AN_ARRAY(arr)						\
+	BUILD_ASSERT_OR_ZERO(!__builtin_types_compatible_p(__typeof__(arr), \
+							   __typeof__(&(arr)[0])))
+#else
+# define BARF_UNLESS_AN_ARRAY(arr) 0
+#endif
+/*
+ * ARRAY_SIZE - get the number of elements in a visible array
+ *  <at> x: the array whose size you want.
+ *
+ * This does not work on pointers, or arrays declared as [], or
+ * function parameters.  With correct compiler support, such usage
+ * will cause a build error (see the build_assert_or_zero macro).
+ */
+#define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x) / sizeof((x)[0]) + BARF_UNLESS_AN_ARRAY(x))
+
 #define bitsizeof(x)  (CHAR_BIT * sizeof(x))
 
 #define maximum_signed_value_of_type(a) \
@@ -46,6 +96,14 @@
 #define unsigned_add_overflows(a, b) \
     ((b) > maximum_unsigned_value_of_type(a) - (a))
 
+/*
+ * Returns true if the multiplication of "a" and "b" will
+ * overflow. The types of "a" and "b" must match and must be unsigned.
+ * Note that this macro evaluates "a" twice!
+ */
+#define unsigned_mult_overflows(a, b) \
+    ((a) && (b) > maximum_unsigned_value_of_type(a) / (a))
+
 #ifdef __GNUC__
 #define TYPEOF(x) (__typeof__(x))
 #else
@@ -127,13 +185,20 @@
 #else
 #include <poll.h>
 #endif
+#ifdef HAVE_BSD_SYSCTL
+#include <sys/sysctl.h>
+#endif
 
+#if defined(__CYGWIN__)
+#include "compat/cygwin.h"
+#endif
 #if defined(__MINGW32__)
 /* pull in Windows compatibility stuff */
 #include "compat/mingw.h"
 #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
 #include "compat/msvc.h"
 #else
+#include <sys/utsname.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 #include <sys/resource.h>
 #include <sys/socket.h>
@@ -155,7 +220,7 @@
 #endif
 #ifdef NO_INTPTR_T
 /*
- * On I16LP32, ILP32 and LP64 "long" is the save bet, however
+ * On I16LP32, ILP32 and LP64 "long" is the safe bet, however
  * on LLP86, IL33LLP64 and P64 it needs to be "long long",
  * while on IP16 and IP16L32 it is "int" (resp. "short")
  * Size needs to match (or exceed) 'sizeof(void *)'.
@@ -175,7 +240,7 @@ typedef unsigned long uintptr_t;
 #else
 #define precompose_str(in,i_nfd2nfc)
 #define precompose_argv(c,v)
-#define probe_utf8_pathname_composition(a,b)
+#define probe_utf8_pathname_composition()
 #endif
 
 #ifdef MKDIR_WO_TRAILING_SLASH
@@ -199,6 +264,8 @@ struct itimerval {
 #else
 #define basename gitbasename
 extern char *gitbasename(char *);
+#define dirname gitdirname
+extern char *gitdirname(char *);
 #endif
 
 #ifndef NO_ICONV
@@ -215,9 +282,10 @@ extern char *gitbasename(char *);
 #endif
 #include <openssl/ssl.h>
 #include <openssl/err.h>
-#ifdef NO_HMAC_CTX_CLEANUP
-#define HMAC_CTX_cleanup HMAC_cleanup
 #endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_SYSINFO
+# include <sys/sysinfo.h>
 #endif
 
 /* On most systems <netdb.h> would have given us this, but
@@ -242,6 +310,10 @@ extern char *gitbasename(char *);
 #define PRIuMAX "llu"
 #endif
 
+#ifndef SCNuMAX
+#define SCNuMAX PRIuMAX
+#endif
+
 #ifndef PRIu32
 #define PRIu32 "u"
 #endif
@@ -254,6 +326,11 @@ extern char *gitbasename(char *);
 #define PRIo32 "o"
 #endif
 
+typedef uintmax_t timestamp_t;
+#define PRItime PRIuMAX
+#define parse_timestamp strtoumax
+#define TIME_MAX UINTMAX_MAX
+
 #ifndef PATH_SEP
 #define PATH_SEP ':'
 #endif
@@ -265,10 +342,6 @@ extern char *gitbasename(char *);
 #define _PATH_DEFPATH "/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin"
 #endif
 
-#ifndef STRIP_EXTENSION
-#define STRIP_EXTENSION ""
-#endif
-
 #ifndef has_dos_drive_prefix
 static inline int git_has_dos_drive_prefix(const char *path)
 {
@@ -277,6 +350,14 @@ static inline int git_has_dos_drive_prefix(const char *path)
 #define has_dos_drive_prefix git_has_dos_drive_prefix
 #endif
 
+#ifndef skip_dos_drive_prefix
+static inline int git_skip_dos_drive_prefix(char **path)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+#define skip_dos_drive_prefix git_skip_dos_drive_prefix
+#endif
+
 #ifndef is_dir_sep
 static inline int git_is_dir_sep(int c)
 {
@@ -335,13 +416,14 @@ struct strbuf;
 
 /* General helper functions */
 extern void vreportf(const char *prefix, const char *err, va_list params);
-extern void vwritef(int fd, const char *prefix, const char *err, va_list params);
 extern NORETURN void usage(const char *err);
 extern NORETURN void usagef(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 extern NORETURN void die(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 extern NORETURN void die_errno(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 extern int error(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+extern int error_errno(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 extern void warning(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+extern void warning_errno(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 
 #ifndef NO_OPENSSL
 #ifdef APPLE_COMMON_CRYPTO
@@ -366,13 +448,18 @@ static inline int const_error(void)
 	return -1;
 }
 #define error(...) (error(__VA_ARGS__), const_error())
+#define error_errno(...) (error_errno(__VA_ARGS__), const_error())
 #endif
 
 extern void set_die_routine(NORETURN_PTR void (*routine)(const char *err, va_list params));
 extern void set_error_routine(void (*routine)(const char *err, va_list params));
+extern void (*get_error_routine(void))(const char *err, va_list params);
+extern void set_warn_routine(void (*routine)(const char *warn, va_list params));
+extern void (*get_warn_routine(void))(const char *warn, va_list params);
 extern void set_die_is_recursing_routine(int (*routine)(void));
 
 extern int starts_with(const char *str, const char *prefix);
+extern int istarts_with(const char *str, const char *prefix);
 
 /*
  * If the string "str" begins with the string found in "prefix", return 1.
@@ -403,6 +490,46 @@ static inline int skip_prefix(const char *str, const char *prefix,
 }
 
 /*
+ * If the string "str" is the same as the string in "prefix", then the "arg"
+ * parameter is set to the "def" parameter and 1 is returned.
+ * If the string "str" begins with the string found in "prefix" and then a
+ * "=" sign, then the "arg" parameter is set to "str + strlen(prefix) + 1"
+ * (i.e., to the point in the string right after the prefix and the "=" sign),
+ * and 1 is returned.
+ *
+ * Otherwise, return 0 and leave "arg" untouched.
+ *
+ * When we accept both a "--key" and a "--key=<val>" option, this function
+ * can be used instead of !strcmp(arg, "--key") and then
+ * skip_prefix(arg, "--key=", &arg) to parse such an option.
+ */
+int skip_to_optional_arg_default(const char *str, const char *prefix,
+				 const char **arg, const char *def);
+
+static inline int skip_to_optional_arg(const char *str, const char *prefix,
+				       const char **arg)
+{
+	return skip_to_optional_arg_default(str, prefix, arg, "");
+}
+
+/*
+ * Like skip_prefix, but promises never to read past "len" bytes of the input
+ * buffer, and returns the remaining number of bytes in "out" via "outlen".
+ */
+static inline int skip_prefix_mem(const char *buf, size_t len,
+				  const char *prefix,
+				  const char **out, size_t *outlen)
+{
+	size_t prefix_len = strlen(prefix);
+	if (prefix_len <= len && !memcmp(buf, prefix, prefix_len)) {
+		*out = buf + prefix_len;
+		*outlen = len - prefix_len;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
  * If buf ends with suffix, return 1 and subtract the length of the suffix
  * from *len. Otherwise, return 0 and leave *len untouched.
  */
@@ -435,6 +562,16 @@ static inline int ends_with(const char *str, const char *suffix)
 	return strip_suffix(str, suffix, &len);
 }
 
+#define SWAP(a, b) do {						\
+	void *_swap_a_ptr = &(a);				\
+	void *_swap_b_ptr = &(b);				\
+	unsigned char _swap_buffer[sizeof(a)];			\
+	memcpy(_swap_buffer, _swap_a_ptr, sizeof(a));		\
+	memcpy(_swap_a_ptr, _swap_b_ptr, sizeof(a) +		\
+	       BUILD_ASSERT_OR_ZERO(sizeof(a) == sizeof(b)));	\
+	memcpy(_swap_b_ptr, _swap_buffer, sizeof(a));		\
+} while (0)
+
 #if defined(NO_MMAP) || defined(USE_WIN32_MMAP)
 
 #ifndef PROT_READ
@@ -514,7 +651,7 @@ extern int git_lstat(const char *, struct stat *);
 #endif
 
 #define DEFAULT_PACKED_GIT_LIMIT \
-	((1024L * 1024L) * (sizeof(void*) >= 8 ? 8192 : 256))
+	((1024L * 1024L) * (size_t)(sizeof(void*) >= 8 ? (32 * 1024L * 1024L) : 256))
 
 #ifdef NO_PREAD
 #define pread git_pread
@@ -537,11 +674,6 @@ extern int gitsetenv(const char *, const char *, int);
 extern char *gitmkdtemp(char *);
 #endif
 
-#ifdef NO_MKSTEMPS
-#define mkstemps gitmkstemps
-extern int gitmkstemps(char *, int);
-#endif
-
 #ifdef NO_UNSETENV
 #define unsetenv gitunsetenv
 extern void gitunsetenv(const char *);
@@ -575,15 +707,29 @@ void *gitmemmem(const void *haystack, size_t haystacklen,
                 const void *needle, size_t needlelen);
 #endif
 
+#ifdef OVERRIDE_STRDUP
+#ifdef strdup
+#undef strdup
+#endif
+#define strdup gitstrdup
+char *gitstrdup(const char *s);
+#endif
+
 #ifdef NO_GETPAGESIZE
 #define getpagesize() sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE)
 #endif
 
-#ifdef FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES
-#ifdef fopen
-#undef fopen
+#ifndef O_CLOEXEC
+#define O_CLOEXEC 0
 #endif
-#define fopen(a,b) git_fopen(a,b)
+
+#ifdef FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES
+# if !defined(SUPPRESS_FOPEN_REDEFINITION)
+#  ifdef fopen
+#   undef fopen
+#  endif
+#  define fopen(a,b) git_fopen(a,b)
+# endif
 extern FILE *git_fopen(const char*, const char*);
 #endif
 
@@ -605,7 +751,6 @@ extern int git_vsnprintf(char *str, size_t maxsize,
 #ifdef __GLIBC_PREREQ
 #if __GLIBC_PREREQ(2, 1)
 #define HAVE_STRCHRNUL
-#define HAVE_MEMPCPY
 #endif
 #endif
 
@@ -619,14 +764,6 @@ static inline char *gitstrchrnul(const char *s, int c)
 }
 #endif
 
-#ifndef HAVE_MEMPCPY
-#define mempcpy gitmempcpy
-static inline void *gitmempcpy(void *dest, const void *src, size_t n)
-{
-	return (char *)memcpy(dest, src, n) + n;
-}
-#endif
-
 #ifdef NO_INET_PTON
 int inet_pton(int af, const char *src, void *dst);
 #endif
@@ -640,11 +777,35 @@ const char *inet_ntop(int af, const void *src, char *dst, size_t size);
 extern int git_atexit(void (*handler)(void));
 #endif
 
-extern void release_pack_memory(size_t);
-
 typedef void (*try_to_free_t)(size_t);
 extern try_to_free_t set_try_to_free_routine(try_to_free_t);
 
+static inline size_t st_add(size_t a, size_t b)
+{
+	if (unsigned_add_overflows(a, b))
+		die("size_t overflow: %"PRIuMAX" + %"PRIuMAX,
+		    (uintmax_t)a, (uintmax_t)b);
+	return a + b;
+}
+#define st_add3(a,b,c)   st_add(st_add((a),(b)),(c))
+#define st_add4(a,b,c,d) st_add(st_add3((a),(b),(c)),(d))
+
+static inline size_t st_mult(size_t a, size_t b)
+{
+	if (unsigned_mult_overflows(a, b))
+		die("size_t overflow: %"PRIuMAX" * %"PRIuMAX,
+		    (uintmax_t)a, (uintmax_t)b);
+	return a * b;
+}
+
+static inline size_t st_sub(size_t a, size_t b)
+{
+	if (a < b)
+		die("size_t underflow: %"PRIuMAX" - %"PRIuMAX,
+		    (uintmax_t)a, (uintmax_t)b);
+	return a - b;
+}
+
 #ifdef HAVE_ALLOCA_H
 # include <alloca.h>
 # define xalloca(size)      (alloca(size))
@@ -662,18 +823,101 @@ extern char *xstrndup(const char *str, size_t len);
 extern void *xrealloc(void *ptr, size_t size);
 extern void *xcalloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size);
 extern void *xmmap(void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset);
+extern void *xmmap_gently(void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset);
+extern int xopen(const char *path, int flags, ...);
 extern ssize_t xread(int fd, void *buf, size_t len);
 extern ssize_t xwrite(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len);
 extern ssize_t xpread(int fd, void *buf, size_t len, off_t offset);
 extern int xdup(int fd);
+extern FILE *xfopen(const char *path, const char *mode);
 extern FILE *xfdopen(int fd, const char *mode);
-extern int xmkstemp(char *template);
-extern int xmkstemp_mode(char *template, int mode);
-extern int odb_mkstemp(char *template, size_t limit, const char *pattern);
-extern int odb_pack_keep(char *name, size_t namesz, const unsigned char *sha1);
+extern int xmkstemp(char *temp_filename);
+extern int xmkstemp_mode(char *temp_filename, int mode);
 extern char *xgetcwd(void);
+extern FILE *fopen_for_writing(const char *path);
+extern FILE *fopen_or_warn(const char *path, const char *mode);
+
+/*
+ * FREE_AND_NULL(ptr) is like free(ptr) followed by ptr = NULL. Note
+ * that ptr is used twice, so don't pass e.g. ptr++.
+ */
+#define FREE_AND_NULL(p) do { free(p); (p) = NULL; } while (0)
 
-#define REALLOC_ARRAY(x, alloc) (x) = xrealloc((x), (alloc) * sizeof(*(x)))
+#define ALLOC_ARRAY(x, alloc) (x) = xmalloc(st_mult(sizeof(*(x)), (alloc)))
+#define REALLOC_ARRAY(x, alloc) (x) = xrealloc((x), st_mult(sizeof(*(x)), (alloc)))
+
+#define COPY_ARRAY(dst, src, n) copy_array((dst), (src), (n), sizeof(*(dst)) + \
+	BUILD_ASSERT_OR_ZERO(sizeof(*(dst)) == sizeof(*(src))))
+static inline void copy_array(void *dst, const void *src, size_t n, size_t size)
+{
+	if (n)
+		memcpy(dst, src, st_mult(size, n));
+}
+
+#define MOVE_ARRAY(dst, src, n) move_array((dst), (src), (n), sizeof(*(dst)) + \
+	BUILD_ASSERT_OR_ZERO(sizeof(*(dst)) == sizeof(*(src))))
+static inline void move_array(void *dst, const void *src, size_t n, size_t size)
+{
+	if (n)
+		memmove(dst, src, st_mult(size, n));
+}
+
+/*
+ * These functions help you allocate structs with flex arrays, and copy
+ * the data directly into the array. For example, if you had:
+ *
+ *   struct foo {
+ *     int bar;
+ *     char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
+ *   };
+ *
+ * you can do:
+ *
+ *   struct foo *f;
+ *   FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(f, name, src, len);
+ *
+ * to allocate a "foo" with the contents of "src" in the "name" field.
+ * The resulting struct is automatically zero'd, and the flex-array field
+ * is NUL-terminated (whether the incoming src buffer was or not).
+ *
+ * The FLEXPTR_* variants operate on structs that don't use flex-arrays,
+ * but do want to store a pointer to some extra data in the same allocated
+ * block. For example, if you have:
+ *
+ *   struct foo {
+ *     char *name;
+ *     int bar;
+ *   };
+ *
+ * you can do:
+ *
+ *   struct foo *f;
+ *   FLEXPTR_ALLOC_STR(f, name, src);
+ *
+ * and "name" will point to a block of memory after the struct, which will be
+ * freed along with the struct (but the pointer can be repointed anywhere).
+ *
+ * The *_STR variants accept a string parameter rather than a ptr/len
+ * combination.
+ *
+ * Note that these macros will evaluate the first parameter multiple
+ * times, and it must be assignable as an lvalue.
+ */
+#define FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(x, flexname, buf, len) do { \
+	size_t flex_array_len_ = (len); \
+	(x) = xcalloc(1, st_add3(sizeof(*(x)), flex_array_len_, 1)); \
+	memcpy((void *)(x)->flexname, (buf), flex_array_len_); \
+} while (0)
+#define FLEXPTR_ALLOC_MEM(x, ptrname, buf, len) do { \
+	size_t flex_array_len_ = (len); \
+	(x) = xcalloc(1, st_add3(sizeof(*(x)), flex_array_len_, 1)); \
+	memcpy((x) + 1, (buf), flex_array_len_); \
+	(x)->ptrname = (void *)((x)+1); \
+} while(0)
+#define FLEX_ALLOC_STR(x, flexname, str) \
+	FLEX_ALLOC_MEM((x), flexname, (str), strlen(str))
+#define FLEXPTR_ALLOC_STR(x, ptrname, str) \
+	FLEXPTR_ALLOC_MEM((x), ptrname, (str), strlen(str))
 
 static inline char *xstrdup_or_null(const char *str)
 {
@@ -682,11 +926,22 @@ static inline char *xstrdup_or_null(const char *str)
 
 static inline size_t xsize_t(off_t len)
 {
-	if (len > (size_t) len)
+	size_t size = (size_t) len;
+
+	if (len != (off_t) size)
 		die("Cannot handle files this big");
-	return (size_t)len;
+	return size;
 }
 
+__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
+extern int xsnprintf(char *dst, size_t max, const char *fmt, ...);
+
+#ifndef HOST_NAME_MAX
+#define HOST_NAME_MAX 256
+#endif
+
+extern int xgethostname(char *buf, size_t len);
+
 /* in ctype.c, for kwset users */
 extern const unsigned char tolower_trans_tbl[256];
 
@@ -751,12 +1006,32 @@ static inline int sane_iscase(int x, int is_lower)
 		return (x & 0x20) == 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Like skip_prefix, but compare case-insensitively. Note that the comparison
+ * is done via tolower(), so it is strictly ASCII (no multi-byte characters or
+ * locale-specific conversions).
+ */
+static inline int skip_iprefix(const char *str, const char *prefix,
+			       const char **out)
+{
+	do {
+		if (!*prefix) {
+			*out = str;
+			return 1;
+		}
+	} while (tolower(*str++) == tolower(*prefix++));
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static inline int strtoul_ui(char const *s, int base, unsigned int *result)
 {
 	unsigned long ul;
 	char *p;
 
 	errno = 0;
+	/* negative values would be accepted by strtoul */
+	if (strchr(s, '-'))
+		return -1;
 	ul = strtoul(s, &p, base);
 	if (errno || *p || p == s || (unsigned int) ul != ul)
 		return -1;
@@ -783,6 +1058,38 @@ void git_qsort(void *base, size_t nmemb, size_t size,
 #define qsort git_qsort
 #endif
 
+#define QSORT(base, n, compar) sane_qsort((base), (n), sizeof(*(base)), compar)
+static inline void sane_qsort(void *base, size_t nmemb, size_t size,
+			      int(*compar)(const void *, const void *))
+{
+	if (nmemb > 1)
+		qsort(base, nmemb, size, compar);
+}
+
+#ifndef HAVE_ISO_QSORT_S
+int git_qsort_s(void *base, size_t nmemb, size_t size,
+		int (*compar)(const void *, const void *, void *), void *ctx);
+#define qsort_s git_qsort_s
+#endif
+
+#define QSORT_S(base, n, compar, ctx) do {			\
+	if (qsort_s((base), (n), sizeof(*(base)), compar, ctx))	\
+		BUG("qsort_s() failed");			\
+} while (0)
+
+#ifndef REG_STARTEND
+#error "Git requires REG_STARTEND support. Compile with NO_REGEX=NeedsStartEnd"
+#endif
+
+static inline int regexec_buf(const regex_t *preg, const char *buf, size_t size,
+			      size_t nmatch, regmatch_t pmatch[], int eflags)
+{
+	assert(nmatch > 0 && pmatch);
+	pmatch[0].rm_so = 0;
+	pmatch[0].rm_eo = size;
+	return regexec(preg, buf, nmatch, pmatch, eflags | REG_STARTEND);
+}
+
 #ifndef DIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS
 # define FORCE_DIR_SET_GID S_ISGID
 #else
@@ -826,6 +1133,18 @@ void git_qsort(void *base, size_t nmemb, size_t size,
 #define HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS 1
 #endif
 
+/* usage.c: only to be used for testing BUG() implementation (see test-tool) */
+extern int BUG_exit_code;
+
+#ifdef HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS
+__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4))) NORETURN
+void BUG_fl(const char *file, int line, const char *fmt, ...);
+#define BUG(...) BUG_fl(__FILE__, __LINE__, __VA_ARGS__)
+#else
+__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2))) NORETURN
+void BUG(const char *fmt, ...);
+#endif
+
 /*
  * Preserves errno, prints a message, but gives no warning for ENOENT.
  * Returns 0 on success, which includes trying to unlink an object that does
@@ -859,11 +1178,8 @@ int remove_or_warn(unsigned int mode, const char *path);
 int access_or_warn(const char *path, int mode, unsigned flag);
 int access_or_die(const char *path, int mode, unsigned flag);
 
-/* Warn on an inaccessible file that ought to be accessible */
-void warn_on_inaccessible(const char *path);
-
-/* Get the passwd entry for the UID of the current process. */
-struct passwd *xgetpwuid_self(void);
+/* Warn on an inaccessible file if errno indicates this is an error */
+int warn_on_fopen_errors(const char *path);
 
 #ifdef GMTIME_UNRELIABLE_ERRORS
 struct tm *git_gmtime(const time_t *);
@@ -876,4 +1192,57 @@ struct tm *git_gmtime_r(const time_t *, struct tm *);
 #define USE_PARENS_AROUND_GETTEXT_N 1
 #endif
 
+#ifndef SHELL_PATH
+# define SHELL_PATH "/bin/sh"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef _POSIX_THREAD_SAFE_FUNCTIONS
+#define flockfile(fh)
+#define funlockfile(fh)
+#define getc_unlocked(fh) getc(fh)
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Our code often opens a path to an optional file, to work on its
+ * contents when we can successfully open it.  We can ignore a failure
+ * to open if such an optional file does not exist, but we do want to
+ * report a failure in opening for other reasons (e.g. we got an I/O
+ * error, or the file is there, but we lack the permission to open).
+ *
+ * Call this function after seeing an error from open() or fopen() to
+ * see if the errno indicates a missing file that we can safely ignore.
+ */
+static inline int is_missing_file_error(int errno_)
+{
+	return (errno_ == ENOENT || errno_ == ENOTDIR);
+}
+
+extern int cmd_main(int, const char **);
+
+/*
+ * You can mark a stack variable with UNLEAK(var) to avoid it being
+ * reported as a leak by tools like LSAN or valgrind. The argument
+ * should generally be the variable itself (not its address and not what
+ * it points to). It's safe to use this on pointers which may already
+ * have been freed, or on pointers which may still be in use.
+ *
+ * Use this _only_ for a variable that leaks by going out of scope at
+ * program exit (so only from cmd_* functions or their direct helpers).
+ * Normal functions, especially those which may be called multiple
+ * times, should actually free their memory. This is only meant as
+ * an annotation, and does nothing in non-leak-checking builds.
+ */
+#ifdef SUPPRESS_ANNOTATED_LEAKS
+extern void unleak_memory(const void *ptr, size_t len);
+#define UNLEAK(var) unleak_memory(&(var), sizeof(var))
+#else
+#define UNLEAK(var) do {} while (0)
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * This include must come after system headers, since it introduces macros that
+ * replace system names.
+ */
+#include "banned.h"
+
 #endif
diff --git a/git-cvsimport.perl b/git-cvsimport.perl
index 73d367cea8..b31613cb8a 100755
--- a/git-cvsimport.perl
+++ b/git-cvsimport.perl
@@ -601,7 +601,9 @@ sub pdate($) {
 	my ($d) = @_;
 	m#(\d{2,4})/(\d\d)/(\d\d)\s(\d\d):(\d\d)(?::(\d\d))?#
 		or die "Unparseable date: $d\n";
-	my $y=$1; $y-=1900 if $y>1900;
+	my $y=$1;
+	$y+=100 if $y<70;
+	$y+=1900 if $y<1000;
 	return timegm($6||0,$5,$4,$3,$2-1,$y);
 }
 
@@ -642,6 +644,7 @@ sub is_sha1 {
 
 sub get_headref ($) {
 	my $name = shift;
+	$name =~ s/'/'\\''/g;
 	my $r = `git rev-parse --verify '$name' 2>/dev/null`;
 	return undef unless $? == 0;
 	chomp $r;
@@ -921,7 +924,7 @@ sub commit {
 		# (See check_refname_component in refs.c.)
 		1 while $xtag =~ s/
 			(?: \.\.        # Tag cannot contain '..'.
-			|   \@{         # Tag cannot contain '@{'.
+			|   \@\{        # Tag cannot contain '@{'.
 			| ^ -           # Tag cannot begin with '-'.
 			|   \.lock $    # Tag cannot end with '.lock'.
 			| ^ \.          # Tag cannot begin...
@@ -1162,7 +1165,7 @@ if ($orig_branch) {
 		die "Fast-forward update failed: $?\n" if $?;
 	}
 	else {
-		system(qw(git merge cvsimport HEAD), "$remote/$opt_o");
+		system(qw(git merge -m cvsimport), "$remote/$opt_o");
 		die "Could not merge $opt_o into the current branch.\n" if $?;
 	}
 } else {
diff --git a/git-cvsserver.perl b/git-cvsserver.perl
index 95e69b19a7..ae1044273d 100755
--- a/git-cvsserver.perl
+++ b/git-cvsserver.perl
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ sub req_Root
        return 0;
     }
 
-    my @gitvars = `git config -l`;
+    my @gitvars = safe_pipe_capture(qw(git config -l));
     if ($?) {
        print "E problems executing git-config on the server -- this is not a git repository or the PATH is not set correctly.\n";
         print "E \n";
@@ -841,7 +841,7 @@ sub req_Modified
     # Save the file data in $state
     $state->{entries}{$state->{directory}.$data}{modified_filename} = $filename;
     $state->{entries}{$state->{directory}.$data}{modified_mode} = $mode;
-    $state->{entries}{$state->{directory}.$data}{modified_hash} = `git hash-object $filename`;
+    $state->{entries}{$state->{directory}.$data}{modified_hash} = safe_pipe_capture('git','hash-object',$filename);
     $state->{entries}{$state->{directory}.$data}{modified_hash} =~ s/\s.*$//s;
 
     #$log->debug("req_Modified : file=$data mode=$mode size=$size");
@@ -943,7 +943,7 @@ sub req_co
 
     # Provide list of modules, if -c was used.
     if (exists $state->{opt}{c}) {
-        my $showref = `git show-ref --heads`;
+        my $showref = safe_pipe_capture(qw(git show-ref --heads));
         for my $line (split '\n', $showref) {
             if ( $line =~ m% refs/heads/(.*)$% ) {
                 print "M $1\t$1\n";
@@ -1156,7 +1156,7 @@ sub prepDirForOutput
     # FUTURE: This would more accurately emulate CVS by sending
     #   another copy of sticky after processing the files in that
     #   directory.  Or intermediate: perhaps send all sticky's for
-    #   $seendirs after after processing all files.
+    #   $seendirs after processing all files.
 }
 
 # update \n
@@ -1181,7 +1181,7 @@ sub req_update
     # projects (heads in this case) to checkout.
     #
     if ($state->{module} eq '') {
-        my $showref = `git show-ref --heads`;
+        my $showref = safe_pipe_capture(qw(git show-ref --heads));
         print "E cvs update: Updating .\n";
         for my $line (split '\n', $showref) {
             if ( $line =~ m% refs/heads/(.*)$% ) {
@@ -1463,7 +1463,7 @@ sub req_update
                 # transmit file, format is single integer on a line by itself (file
                 # size) followed by the file contents
                 # TODO : we should copy files in blocks
-                my $data = `cat $mergedFile`;
+                my $data = safe_pipe_capture('cat', $mergedFile);
                 $log->debug("File size : " . length($data));
                 print length($data) . "\n";
                 print $data;
@@ -1579,7 +1579,7 @@ sub req_ci
                 $branchRef = "refs/heads/$stickyInfo->{tag}";
             }
 
-            $parenthash = `git show-ref -s $branchRef`;
+            $parenthash = safe_pipe_capture('git', 'show-ref', '-s', $branchRef);
             chomp $parenthash;
             if ($parenthash !~ /^[0-9a-f]{40}$/)
             {
@@ -1687,7 +1687,7 @@ sub req_ci
         return;
     }
 
-    my $treehash = `git write-tree`;
+    my $treehash = safe_pipe_capture(qw(git write-tree));
     chomp $treehash;
 
     $log->debug("Treehash : $treehash, Parenthash : $parenthash");
@@ -1704,7 +1704,7 @@ sub req_ci
     }
     close $msg_fh;
 
-    my $commithash = `git commit-tree $treehash -p $parenthash < $msg_filename`;
+    my $commithash = safe_pipe_capture('git', 'commit-tree', $treehash, '-p', $parenthash, '-F', $msg_filename);
     chomp($commithash);
     $log->info("Commit hash : $commithash");
 
@@ -2664,7 +2664,7 @@ sub argsfromdir
     #   co  # Obtain list directly.
     #   remove # HERE: TEST: MAYBE client does the recursion for us,
     #          # since it only makes sense to remove stuff already in
-    #          # the sandobx?
+    #          # the sandbox?
     #   ci # HERE: Similar to remove...
     #      # Don't try to implement the confusing/weird
     #      # ci -r bug er.."feature".
@@ -2824,7 +2824,7 @@ sub statecleanup
 }
 
 # Return working directory CVS revision "1.X" out
-# of the the working directory "entries" state, for the given filename.
+# of the working directory "entries" state, for the given filename.
 # This is prefixed with a dash if the file is scheduled for removal
 # when it is committed.
 sub revparse
@@ -2854,12 +2854,12 @@ sub transmitfile
 
     die "Need filehash" unless ( defined ( $filehash ) and $filehash =~ /^[a-zA-Z0-9]{40}$/ );
 
-    my $type = `git cat-file -t $filehash`;
+    my $type = safe_pipe_capture('git', 'cat-file', '-t', $filehash);
     chomp $type;
 
     die ( "Invalid type '$type' (expected 'blob')" ) unless ( defined ( $type ) and $type eq "blob" );
 
-    my $size = `git cat-file -s $filehash`;
+    my $size = safe_pipe_capture('git', 'cat-file', '-s', $filehash);
     chomp $size;
 
     $log->debug("transmitfile($filehash) size=$size, type=$type");
@@ -2935,7 +2935,7 @@ sub filecleanup
     return $filename;
 }
 
-# Remove prependdir from the path, so that is is relative to the directory
+# Remove prependdir from the path, so that it is relative to the directory
 # the CVS client was started from, rather than the top of the project.
 # Essentially the inverse of filecleanup().
 sub remove_prependdir
@@ -3040,7 +3040,7 @@ sub ensureWorkTree
     chdir $work->{emptyDir} or
         die "Unable to chdir to $work->{emptyDir}\n";
 
-    my $ver = `git show-ref -s refs/heads/$state->{module}`;
+    my $ver = safe_pipe_capture('git', 'show-ref', '-s', "refs/heads/$state->{module}");
     chomp $ver;
     if ($ver !~ /^[0-9a-f]{40}$/)
     {
@@ -3287,7 +3287,7 @@ sub open_blob_or_die
             die "Need filehash\n";
         }
 
-        my $type = `git cat-file -t $name`;
+        my $type = safe_pipe_capture('git', 'cat-file', '-t', $name);
         chomp $type;
 
         unless ( defined ( $type ) and $type eq "blob" )
@@ -3296,7 +3296,7 @@ sub open_blob_or_die
             die ( "Invalid type '$type' (expected 'blob')" )
         }
 
-        my $size = `git cat-file -s $name`;
+        my $size = safe_pipe_capture('git', 'cat-file', '-s', $name);
         chomp $size;
 
         $log->debug("open_blob_or_die($name) size=$size, type=$type");
@@ -3406,6 +3406,22 @@ sub refHashEqual
     return $out;
 }
 
+# an alternative to `command` that allows input to be passed as an array
+# to work around shell problems with weird characters in arguments
+
+sub safe_pipe_capture {
+
+    my @output;
+
+    if (my $pid = open my $child, '-|') {
+        @output = (<$child>);
+        close $child or die join(' ',@_).": $! $?";
+    } else {
+        exec(@_) or die "$! $?"; # exec() can fail the executable can't be found
+    }
+    return wantarray ? @output : join('',@output);
+}
+
 
 package GITCVS::log;
 
@@ -3797,10 +3813,10 @@ sub update
     # first lets get the commit list
     $ENV{GIT_DIR} = $self->{git_path};
 
-    my $commitsha1 = `git rev-parse $self->{module}`;
+    my $commitsha1 = ::safe_pipe_capture('git', 'rev-parse', $self->{module});
     chomp $commitsha1;
 
-    my $commitinfo = `git cat-file commit $self->{module} 2>&1`;
+    my $commitinfo = ::safe_pipe_capture('git', 'cat-file', 'commit', $self->{module});
     unless ( $commitinfo =~ /tree\s+[a-zA-Z0-9]{40}/ )
     {
         die("Invalid module '$self->{module}'");
@@ -3882,7 +3898,7 @@ sub update
                     # several candidate merge bases. let's assume
                     # that the first one is the best one.
 		    my $base = eval {
-			    safe_pipe_capture('git', 'merge-base',
+			    ::safe_pipe_capture('git', 'merge-base',
 						 $lastpicked, $parent);
 		    };
 		    # The two branches may not be related at all,
@@ -4749,7 +4765,7 @@ sub getMetaFromCommithash
         return $retVal;
     }
 
-    my($fileHash)=safe_pipe_capture("git","rev-parse","$revCommit:$filename");
+    my($fileHash) = ::safe_pipe_capture("git","rev-parse","$revCommit:$filename");
     chomp $fileHash;
     if(!($fileHash=~/^[0-9a-f]{40}$/))
     {
@@ -4844,8 +4860,8 @@ sub lookupCommitRef
         return $commitHash;
     }
 
-    $commitHash=safe_pipe_capture("git","rev-parse","--verify","--quiet",
-                                  $self->unescapeRefName($ref));
+    $commitHash = ::safe_pipe_capture("git","rev-parse","--verify","--quiet",
+				      $self->unescapeRefName($ref));
     $commitHash=~s/\s*$//;
     if(!($commitHash=~/^[0-9a-f]{40}$/))
     {
@@ -4854,7 +4870,7 @@ sub lookupCommitRef
 
     if( defined($commitHash) )
     {
-        my $type=safe_pipe_capture("git","cat-file","-t",$commitHash);
+        my $type = ::safe_pipe_capture("git","cat-file","-t",$commitHash);
         if( ! ($type=~/^commit\s*$/ ) )
         {
             $commitHash=undef;
@@ -4907,7 +4923,7 @@ sub commitmessage
         return $message;
     }
 
-    my @lines = safe_pipe_capture("git", "cat-file", "commit", $commithash);
+    my @lines = ::safe_pipe_capture("git", "cat-file", "commit", $commithash);
     shift @lines while ( $lines[0] =~ /\S/ );
     $message = join("",@lines);
     $message .= " " if ( $message =~ /\n$/ );
@@ -5056,25 +5072,6 @@ sub in_array
     return $retval;
 }
 
-=head2 safe_pipe_capture
-
-an alternative to `command` that allows input to be passed as an array
-to work around shell problems with weird characters in arguments
-
-=cut
-sub safe_pipe_capture {
-
-    my @output;
-
-    if (my $pid = open my $child, '-|') {
-        @output = (<$child>);
-        close $child or die join(' ',@_).": $! $?";
-    } else {
-        exec(@_) or die "$! $?"; # exec() can fail the executable can't be found
-    }
-    return wantarray ? @output : join('',@output);
-}
-
 =head2 mangle_dirname
 
 create a string from a directory name that is suitable to use as
diff --git a/git-difftool--helper.sh b/git-difftool--helper.sh
index 2b11b1d6fe..7bfb6737df 100755
--- a/git-difftool--helper.sh
+++ b/git-difftool--helper.sh
@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@ launch_merge_tool () {
 			"$GIT_DIFF_PATH_TOTAL" "$MERGED"
 		if use_ext_cmd
 		then
-			printf "Launch '%s' [Y/n]: " \
+			printf "Launch '%s' [Y/n]? " \
 				"$GIT_DIFFTOOL_EXTCMD"
 		else
-			printf "Launch '%s' [Y/n]: " "$merge_tool"
+			printf "Launch '%s' [Y/n]? " "$merge_tool"
 		fi
 		read ans || return
 		if test "$ans" = n
@@ -86,6 +86,13 @@ else
 	do
 		launch_merge_tool "$1" "$2" "$5"
 		status=$?
+		if test $status -ge 126
+		then
+			# Command not found (127), not executable (126) or
+			# exited via a signal (>= 128).
+			exit $status
+		fi
+
 		if test "$status" != 0 &&
 			test "$GIT_DIFFTOOL_TRUST_EXIT_CODE" = true
 		then
diff --git a/git-difftool.perl b/git-difftool.perl
deleted file mode 100755
index 7df7c8a9a7..0000000000
--- a/git-difftool.perl
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,499 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/perl
-# Copyright (c) 2009, 2010 David Aguilar
-# Copyright (c) 2012 Tim Henigan
-#
-# This is a wrapper around the GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF-compatible
-# git-difftool--helper script.
-#
-# This script exports GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and GIT_PAGER for use by git.
-# The GIT_DIFF* variables are exported for use by git-difftool--helper.
-#
-# Any arguments that are unknown to this script are forwarded to 'git diff'.
-
-use 5.008;
-use strict;
-use warnings;
-use Error qw(:try);
-use File::Basename qw(dirname);
-use File::Copy;
-use File::Find;
-use File::stat;
-use File::Path qw(mkpath rmtree);
-use File::Temp qw(tempdir);
-use Getopt::Long qw(:config pass_through);
-use Git;
-
-sub usage
-{
-	my $exitcode = shift;
-	print << 'USAGE';
-usage: git difftool [-t|--tool=<tool>] [--tool-help]
-                    [-x|--extcmd=<cmd>]
-                    [-g|--gui] [--no-gui]
-                    [--prompt] [-y|--no-prompt]
-                    [-d|--dir-diff]
-                    ['git diff' options]
-USAGE
-	exit($exitcode);
-}
-
-sub find_worktree
-{
-	# Git->repository->wc_path() does not honor changes to the working
-	# tree location made by $ENV{GIT_WORK_TREE} or the 'core.worktree'
-	# config variable.
-	return Git::command_oneline('rev-parse', '--show-toplevel');
-}
-
-sub print_tool_help
-{
-	# See the comment at the bottom of file_diff() for the reason behind
-	# using system() followed by exit() instead of exec().
-	my $rc = system(qw(git mergetool --tool-help=diff));
-	exit($rc | ($rc >> 8));
-}
-
-sub exit_cleanup
-{
-	my ($tmpdir, $status) = @_;
-	my $errno = $!;
-	rmtree($tmpdir);
-	if ($status and $errno) {
-		my ($package, $file, $line) = caller();
-		warn "$file line $line: $errno\n";
-	}
-	exit($status | ($status >> 8));
-}
-
-sub use_wt_file
-{
-	my ($repo, $workdir, $file, $sha1) = @_;
-	my $null_sha1 = '0' x 40;
-
-	if (! -e "$workdir/$file") {
-		# If the file doesn't exist in the working tree, we cannot
-		# use it.
-		return (0, $null_sha1);
-	}
-
-	my $wt_sha1 = $repo->command_oneline('hash-object', "$workdir/$file");
-	my $use = ($sha1 eq $null_sha1) || ($sha1 eq $wt_sha1);
-	return ($use, $wt_sha1);
-}
-
-sub changed_files
-{
-	my ($repo_path, $index, $worktree) = @_;
-	$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = $index;
-	$ENV{GIT_WORK_TREE} = $worktree;
-	my $must_unset_git_dir = 0;
-	if (not defined($ENV{GIT_DIR})) {
-		$must_unset_git_dir = 1;
-		$ENV{GIT_DIR} = $repo_path;
-	}
-
-	my @refreshargs = qw/update-index --really-refresh -q --unmerged/;
-	my @gitargs = qw/diff-files --name-only -z/;
-	try {
-		Git::command_oneline(@refreshargs);
-	} catch Git::Error::Command with {};
-
-	my $line = Git::command_oneline(@gitargs);
-	my @files;
-	if (defined $line) {
-		@files = split('\0', $line);
-	} else {
-		@files = ();
-	}
-
-	delete($ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE});
-	delete($ENV{GIT_WORK_TREE});
-	delete($ENV{GIT_DIR}) if ($must_unset_git_dir);
-
-	return map { $_ => 1 } @files;
-}
-
-sub setup_dir_diff
-{
-	my ($repo, $workdir, $symlinks) = @_;
-
-	# Run the diff; exit immediately if no diff found
-	# 'Repository' and 'WorkingCopy' must be explicitly set to insure that
-	# if $GIT_DIR and $GIT_WORK_TREE are set in ENV, they are actually used
-	# by Git->repository->command*.
-	my $repo_path = $repo->repo_path();
-	my %repo_args = (Repository => $repo_path, WorkingCopy => $workdir);
-	my $diffrepo = Git->repository(%repo_args);
-
-	my @gitargs = ('diff', '--raw', '--no-abbrev', '-z', @ARGV);
-	my $diffrtn = $diffrepo->command_oneline(@gitargs);
-	exit(0) unless defined($diffrtn);
-
-	# Build index info for left and right sides of the diff
-	my $submodule_mode = '160000';
-	my $symlink_mode = '120000';
-	my $null_mode = '0' x 6;
-	my $null_sha1 = '0' x 40;
-	my $lindex = '';
-	my $rindex = '';
-	my $wtindex = '';
-	my %submodule;
-	my %symlink;
-	my @working_tree = ();
-	my @rawdiff = split('\0', $diffrtn);
-
-	my $i = 0;
-	while ($i < $#rawdiff) {
-		if ($rawdiff[$i] =~ /^::/) {
-			warn << 'EOF';
-Combined diff formats ('-c' and '--cc') are not supported in
-directory diff mode ('-d' and '--dir-diff').
-EOF
-			exit(1);
-		}
-
-		my ($lmode, $rmode, $lsha1, $rsha1, $status) =
-			split(' ', substr($rawdiff[$i], 1));
-		my $src_path = $rawdiff[$i + 1];
-		my $dst_path;
-
-		if ($status =~ /^[CR]/) {
-			$dst_path = $rawdiff[$i + 2];
-			$i += 3;
-		} else {
-			$dst_path = $src_path;
-			$i += 2;
-		}
-
-		if ($lmode eq $submodule_mode or $rmode eq $submodule_mode) {
-			$submodule{$src_path}{left} = $lsha1;
-			if ($lsha1 ne $rsha1) {
-				$submodule{$dst_path}{right} = $rsha1;
-			} else {
-				$submodule{$dst_path}{right} = "$rsha1-dirty";
-			}
-			next;
-		}
-
-		if ($lmode eq $symlink_mode) {
-			$symlink{$src_path}{left} =
-				$diffrepo->command_oneline('show', "$lsha1");
-		}
-
-		if ($rmode eq $symlink_mode) {
-			$symlink{$dst_path}{right} =
-				$diffrepo->command_oneline('show', "$rsha1");
-		}
-
-		if ($lmode ne $null_mode and $status !~ /^C/) {
-			$lindex .= "$lmode $lsha1\t$src_path\0";
-		}
-
-		if ($rmode ne $null_mode) {
-			my ($use, $wt_sha1) = use_wt_file($repo, $workdir,
-							  $dst_path, $rsha1);
-			if ($use) {
-				push @working_tree, $dst_path;
-				$wtindex .= "$rmode $wt_sha1\t$dst_path\0";
-			} else {
-				$rindex .= "$rmode $rsha1\t$dst_path\0";
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	# Setup temp directories
-	my $tmpdir = tempdir('git-difftool.XXXXX', CLEANUP => 0, TMPDIR => 1);
-	my $ldir = "$tmpdir/left";
-	my $rdir = "$tmpdir/right";
-	mkpath($ldir) or exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1);
-	mkpath($rdir) or exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1);
-
-	# If $GIT_DIR is not set prior to calling 'git update-index' and
-	# 'git checkout-index', then those commands will fail if difftool
-	# is called from a directory other than the repo root.
-	my $must_unset_git_dir = 0;
-	if (not defined($ENV{GIT_DIR})) {
-		$must_unset_git_dir = 1;
-		$ENV{GIT_DIR} = $repo_path;
-	}
-
-	# Populate the left and right directories based on each index file
-	my ($inpipe, $ctx);
-	$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = "$tmpdir/lindex";
-	($inpipe, $ctx) =
-		$repo->command_input_pipe(qw(update-index -z --index-info));
-	print($inpipe $lindex);
-	$repo->command_close_pipe($inpipe, $ctx);
-
-	my $rc = system('git', 'checkout-index', '--all', "--prefix=$ldir/");
-	exit_cleanup($tmpdir, $rc) if $rc != 0;
-
-	$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = "$tmpdir/rindex";
-	($inpipe, $ctx) =
-		$repo->command_input_pipe(qw(update-index -z --index-info));
-	print($inpipe $rindex);
-	$repo->command_close_pipe($inpipe, $ctx);
-
-	$rc = system('git', 'checkout-index', '--all', "--prefix=$rdir/");
-	exit_cleanup($tmpdir, $rc) if $rc != 0;
-
-	$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = "$tmpdir/wtindex";
-	($inpipe, $ctx) =
-		$repo->command_input_pipe(qw(update-index --info-only -z --index-info));
-	print($inpipe $wtindex);
-	$repo->command_close_pipe($inpipe, $ctx);
-
-	# If $GIT_DIR was explicitly set just for the update/checkout
-	# commands, then it should be unset before continuing.
-	delete($ENV{GIT_DIR}) if ($must_unset_git_dir);
-	delete($ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE});
-
-	# Changes in the working tree need special treatment since they are
-	# not part of the index. Remove any trailing slash from $workdir
-	# before starting to avoid double slashes in symlink targets.
-	$workdir =~ s|/$||;
-	for my $file (@working_tree) {
-		my $dir = dirname($file);
-		unless (-d "$rdir/$dir") {
-			mkpath("$rdir/$dir") or
-			exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1);
-		}
-		if ($symlinks) {
-			symlink("$workdir/$file", "$rdir/$file") or
-			exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1);
-		} else {
-			copy("$workdir/$file", "$rdir/$file") or
-			exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1);
-
-			my $mode = stat("$workdir/$file")->mode;
-			chmod($mode, "$rdir/$file") or
-			exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1);
-		}
-	}
-
-	# Changes to submodules require special treatment. This loop writes a
-	# temporary file to both the left and right directories to show the
-	# change in the recorded SHA1 for the submodule.
-	for my $path (keys %submodule) {
-		my $ok;
-		if (defined($submodule{$path}{left})) {
-			$ok = write_to_file("$ldir/$path",
-				"Subproject commit $submodule{$path}{left}");
-		}
-		if (defined($submodule{$path}{right})) {
-			$ok = write_to_file("$rdir/$path",
-				"Subproject commit $submodule{$path}{right}");
-		}
-		exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1) if not $ok;
-	}
-
-	# Symbolic links require special treatment. The standard "git diff"
-	# shows only the link itself, not the contents of the link target.
-	# This loop replicates that behavior.
-	for my $path (keys %symlink) {
-		my $ok;
-		if (defined($symlink{$path}{left})) {
-			$ok = write_to_file("$ldir/$path",
-					$symlink{$path}{left});
-		}
-		if (defined($symlink{$path}{right})) {
-			$ok = write_to_file("$rdir/$path",
-					$symlink{$path}{right});
-		}
-		exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1) if not $ok;
-	}
-
-	return ($ldir, $rdir, $tmpdir, @working_tree);
-}
-
-sub write_to_file
-{
-	my $path = shift;
-	my $value = shift;
-
-	# Make sure the path to the file exists
-	my $dir = dirname($path);
-	unless (-d "$dir") {
-		mkpath("$dir") or return 0;
-	}
-
-	# If the file already exists in that location, delete it.  This
-	# is required in the case of symbolic links.
-	unlink($path);
-
-	open(my $fh, '>', $path) or return 0;
-	print($fh $value);
-	close($fh);
-
-	return 1;
-}
-
-sub main
-{
-	# parse command-line options. all unrecognized options and arguments
-	# are passed through to the 'git diff' command.
-	my %opts = (
-		difftool_cmd => undef,
-		dirdiff => undef,
-		extcmd => undef,
-		gui => undef,
-		help => undef,
-		prompt => undef,
-		symlinks => $^O ne 'cygwin' &&
-				$^O ne 'MSWin32' && $^O ne 'msys',
-		tool_help => undef,
-		trust_exit_code => undef,
-	);
-	GetOptions('g|gui!' => \$opts{gui},
-		'd|dir-diff' => \$opts{dirdiff},
-		'h' => \$opts{help},
-		'prompt!' => \$opts{prompt},
-		'y' => sub { $opts{prompt} = 0; },
-		'symlinks' => \$opts{symlinks},
-		'no-symlinks' => sub { $opts{symlinks} = 0; },
-		't|tool:s' => \$opts{difftool_cmd},
-		'tool-help' => \$opts{tool_help},
-		'trust-exit-code' => \$opts{trust_exit_code},
-		'no-trust-exit-code' => sub { $opts{trust_exit_code} = 0; },
-		'x|extcmd:s' => \$opts{extcmd});
-
-	if (defined($opts{help})) {
-		usage(0);
-	}
-	if (defined($opts{tool_help})) {
-		print_tool_help();
-	}
-	if (defined($opts{difftool_cmd})) {
-		if (length($opts{difftool_cmd}) > 0) {
-			$ENV{GIT_DIFF_TOOL} = $opts{difftool_cmd};
-		} else {
-			print "No <tool> given for --tool=<tool>\n";
-			usage(1);
-		}
-	}
-	if (defined($opts{extcmd})) {
-		if (length($opts{extcmd}) > 0) {
-			$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_EXTCMD} = $opts{extcmd};
-		} else {
-			print "No <cmd> given for --extcmd=<cmd>\n";
-			usage(1);
-		}
-	}
-	if ($opts{gui}) {
-		my $guitool = Git::config('diff.guitool');
-		if (defined($guitool) && length($guitool) > 0) {
-			$ENV{GIT_DIFF_TOOL} = $guitool;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (!defined $opts{trust_exit_code}) {
-		$opts{trust_exit_code} = Git::config_bool('difftool.trustExitCode');
-	}
-	if ($opts{trust_exit_code}) {
-		$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_TRUST_EXIT_CODE} = 'true';
-	} else {
-		$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_TRUST_EXIT_CODE} = 'false';
-	}
-
-	# In directory diff mode, 'git-difftool--helper' is called once
-	# to compare the a/b directories.  In file diff mode, 'git diff'
-	# will invoke a separate instance of 'git-difftool--helper' for
-	# each file that changed.
-	if (defined($opts{dirdiff})) {
-		dir_diff($opts{extcmd}, $opts{symlinks});
-	} else {
-		file_diff($opts{prompt});
-	}
-}
-
-sub dir_diff
-{
-	my ($extcmd, $symlinks) = @_;
-	my $rc;
-	my $error = 0;
-	my $repo = Git->repository();
-	my $workdir = find_worktree();
-	my ($a, $b, $tmpdir, @worktree) =
-		setup_dir_diff($repo, $workdir, $symlinks);
-
-	if (defined($extcmd)) {
-		$rc = system($extcmd, $a, $b);
-	} else {
-		$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_DIRDIFF} = 'true';
-		$rc = system('git', 'difftool--helper', $a, $b);
-	}
-	# If the diff including working copy files and those
-	# files were modified during the diff, then the changes
-	# should be copied back to the working tree.
-	# Do not copy back files when symlinks are used and the
-	# external tool did not replace the original link with a file.
-	#
-	# These hashes are loaded lazily since they aren't needed
-	# in the common case of --symlinks and the difftool updating
-	# files through the symlink.
-	my %wt_modified;
-	my %tmp_modified;
-	my $indices_loaded = 0;
-
-	for my $file (@worktree) {
-		next if $symlinks && -l "$b/$file";
-		next if ! -f "$b/$file";
-
-		if (!$indices_loaded) {
-			%wt_modified = changed_files($repo->repo_path(),
-				"$tmpdir/wtindex", "$workdir");
-			%tmp_modified = changed_files($repo->repo_path(),
-				"$tmpdir/wtindex", "$b");
-			$indices_loaded = 1;
-		}
-
-		if (exists $wt_modified{$file} and exists $tmp_modified{$file}) {
-			my $errmsg = "warning: Both files modified: ";
-			$errmsg .= "'$workdir/$file' and '$b/$file'.\n";
-			$errmsg .= "warning: Working tree file has been left.\n";
-			$errmsg .= "warning:\n";
-			warn $errmsg;
-			$error = 1;
-		} elsif (exists $tmp_modified{$file}) {
-			my $mode = stat("$b/$file")->mode;
-			copy("$b/$file", "$workdir/$file") or
-			exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1);
-
-			chmod($mode, "$workdir/$file") or
-			exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1);
-		}
-	}
-	if ($error) {
-		warn "warning: Temporary files exist in '$tmpdir'.\n";
-		warn "warning: You may want to cleanup or recover these.\n";
-		exit(1);
-	} else {
-		exit_cleanup($tmpdir, $rc);
-	}
-}
-
-sub file_diff
-{
-	my ($prompt) = @_;
-
-	if (defined($prompt)) {
-		if ($prompt) {
-			$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT} = 'true';
-		} else {
-			$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT} = 'true';
-		}
-	}
-
-	$ENV{GIT_PAGER} = '';
-	$ENV{GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF} = 'git-difftool--helper';
-
-	# ActiveState Perl for Win32 does not implement POSIX semantics of
-	# exec* system call. It just spawns the given executable and finishes
-	# the starting program, exiting with code 0.
-	# system will at least catch the errors returned by git diff,
-	# allowing the caller of git difftool better handling of failures.
-	my $rc = system('git', 'diff', @ARGV);
-	exit($rc | ($rc >> 8));
-}
-
-main();
diff --git a/git-filter-branch.sh b/git-filter-branch.sh
index e6e99f5bb5..5c5afa2b98 100755
--- a/git-filter-branch.sh
+++ b/git-filter-branch.sh
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
 # The following functions will also be available in the commit filter:
 
 functions=$(cat << \EOF
+EMPTY_TREE=$(git hash-object -t tree /dev/null)
+
 warn () {
 	echo "$*" >&2
 }
@@ -46,6 +48,8 @@ git_commit_non_empty_tree()
 {
 	if test $# = 3 && test "$1" = $(git rev-parse "$3^{tree}"); then
 		map "$3"
+	elif test $# = 1 && test "$1" = $EMPTY_TREE; then
+		:
 	else
 		git commit-tree "$@"
 	fi
@@ -79,12 +83,13 @@ set_ident () {
 	finish_ident COMMITTER
 }
 
-USAGE="[--env-filter <command>] [--tree-filter <command>]
-	[--index-filter <command>] [--parent-filter <command>]
-	[--msg-filter <command>] [--commit-filter <command>]
-	[--tag-name-filter <command>] [--subdirectory-filter <directory>]
-	[--original <namespace>] [-d <directory>] [-f | --force]
-	[<rev-list options>...]"
+USAGE="[--setup <command>] [--subdirectory-filter <directory>] [--env-filter <command>]
+	[--tree-filter <command>] [--index-filter <command>]
+	[--parent-filter <command>] [--msg-filter <command>]
+	[--commit-filter <command>] [--tag-name-filter <command>]
+	[--original <namespace>]
+	[-d <directory>] [-f | --force] [--state-branch <branch>]
+	[--] [<rev-list options>...]"
 
 OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
@@ -94,6 +99,7 @@ if [ "$(is_bare_repository)" = false ]; then
 fi
 
 tempdir=.git-rewrite
+filter_setup=
 filter_env=
 filter_tree=
 filter_index=
@@ -102,6 +108,7 @@ filter_msg=cat
 filter_commit=
 filter_tag_name=
 filter_subdir=
+state_branch=
 orig_namespace=refs/original/
 force=
 prune_empty=
@@ -146,6 +153,13 @@ do
 	-d)
 		tempdir="$OPTARG"
 		;;
+	--setup)
+		filter_setup="$OPTARG"
+		;;
+	--subdirectory-filter)
+		filter_subdir="$OPTARG"
+		remap_to_ancestor=t
+		;;
 	--env-filter)
 		filter_env="$OPTARG"
 		;;
@@ -167,13 +181,12 @@ do
 	--tag-name-filter)
 		filter_tag_name="$OPTARG"
 		;;
-	--subdirectory-filter)
-		filter_subdir="$OPTARG"
-		remap_to_ancestor=t
-		;;
 	--original)
 		orig_namespace=$(expr "$OPTARG/" : '\(.*[^/]\)/*$')/
 		;;
+	--state-branch)
+		state_branch="$OPTARG"
+		;;
 	*)
 		usage
 		;;
@@ -212,6 +225,13 @@ trap 'cd "$orig_dir"; rm -rf "$tempdir"' 0
 ORIG_GIT_DIR="$GIT_DIR"
 ORIG_GIT_WORK_TREE="$GIT_WORK_TREE"
 ORIG_GIT_INDEX_FILE="$GIT_INDEX_FILE"
+ORIG_GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME"
+ORIG_GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL"
+ORIG_GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE"
+ORIG_GIT_COMMITTER_NAME="$GIT_COMMITTER_NAME"
+ORIG_GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL="$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL"
+ORIG_GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$GIT_COMMITTER_DATE"
+
 GIT_WORK_TREE=.
 export GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE
 
@@ -233,11 +253,21 @@ done < "$tempdir"/backup-refs
 
 # The refs should be updated if their heads were rewritten
 git rev-parse --no-flags --revs-only --symbolic-full-name \
-	--default HEAD "$@" > "$tempdir"/raw-heads || exit
-sed -e '/^^/d' "$tempdir"/raw-heads >"$tempdir"/heads
+	--default HEAD "$@" > "$tempdir"/raw-refs || exit
+while read ref
+do
+	case "$ref" in ^?*) continue ;; esac
+
+	if git rev-parse --verify "$ref"^0 >/dev/null 2>&1
+	then
+		echo "$ref"
+	else
+		warn "WARNING: not rewriting '$ref' (not a committish)"
+	fi
+done >"$tempdir"/heads <"$tempdir"/raw-refs
 
 test -s "$tempdir"/heads ||
-	die "Which ref do you want to rewrite?"
+	die "You must specify a ref to rewrite."
 
 GIT_INDEX_FILE="$(pwd)/../index"
 export GIT_INDEX_FILE
@@ -245,6 +275,26 @@ export GIT_INDEX_FILE
 # map old->new commit ids for rewriting parents
 mkdir ../map || die "Could not create map/ directory"
 
+if test -n "$state_branch"
+then
+	state_commit=$(git rev-parse --no-flags --revs-only "$state_branch")
+	if test -n "$state_commit"
+	then
+		echo "Populating map from $state_branch ($state_commit)" 1>&2
+		perl -e'open(MAP, "-|", "git show $ARGV[0]:filter.map") or die;
+			while (<MAP>) {
+				m/(.*):(.*)/ or die;
+				open F, ">../map/$1" or die;
+				print F "$2" or die;
+				close(F) or die;
+			}
+			close(MAP) or die;' "$state_commit" \
+				|| die "Unable to load state from $state_branch:filter.map"
+	else
+		echo "Branch $state_branch does not exist. Will create" 1>&2
+	fi
+fi
+
 # we need "--" only if there are no path arguments in $@
 nonrevs=$(git rev-parse --no-revs "$@") || exit
 if test -z "$nonrevs"
@@ -272,18 +322,64 @@ git rev-list --reverse --topo-order --default HEAD \
 	die "Could not get the commits"
 commits=$(wc -l <../revs | tr -d " ")
 
-test $commits -eq 0 && die "Found nothing to rewrite"
+test $commits -eq 0 && die_with_status 2 "Found nothing to rewrite"
 
 # Rewrite the commits
+report_progress ()
+{
+	if test -n "$progress" &&
+		test $git_filter_branch__commit_count -gt $next_sample_at
+	then
+		count=$git_filter_branch__commit_count
+
+		now=$(date +%s)
+		elapsed=$(($now - $start_timestamp))
+		remaining=$(( ($commits - $count) * $elapsed / $count ))
+		if test $elapsed -gt 0
+		then
+			next_sample_at=$(( ($elapsed + 1) * $count / $elapsed ))
+		else
+			next_sample_at=$(($next_sample_at + 1))
+		fi
+		progress=" ($elapsed seconds passed, remaining $remaining predicted)"
+	fi
+	printf "\rRewrite $commit ($count/$commits)$progress    "
+}
 
 git_filter_branch__commit_count=0
+
+progress= start_timestamp=
+if date '+%s' 2>/dev/null | grep -q '^[0-9][0-9]*$'
+then
+	next_sample_at=0
+	progress="dummy to ensure this is not empty"
+	start_timestamp=$(date '+%s')
+fi
+
+if test -n "$filter_index" ||
+   test -n "$filter_tree" ||
+   test -n "$filter_subdir"
+then
+	need_index=t
+else
+	need_index=
+fi
+
+eval "$filter_setup" < /dev/null ||
+	die "filter setup failed: $filter_setup"
+
 while read commit parents; do
 	git_filter_branch__commit_count=$(($git_filter_branch__commit_count+1))
-	printf "\rRewrite $commit ($git_filter_branch__commit_count/$commits)"
+
+	report_progress
+	test -f "$workdir"/../map/$commit && continue
 
 	case "$filter_subdir" in
 	"")
-		GIT_ALLOW_NULL_SHA1=1 git read-tree -i -m $commit
+		if test -n "$need_index"
+		then
+			GIT_ALLOW_NULL_SHA1=1 git read-tree -i -m $commit
+		fi
 		;;
 	*)
 		# The commit may not have the subdirectory at all
@@ -319,7 +415,7 @@ while read commit parents; do
 			die "tree filter failed: $filter_tree"
 
 		(
-			git diff-index -r --name-only --ignore-submodules $commit &&
+			git diff-index -r --name-only --ignore-submodules $commit -- &&
 			git ls-files --others
 		) > "$tempdir"/tree-state || exit
 		git update-index --add --replace --remove --stdin \
@@ -346,11 +442,26 @@ while read commit parents; do
 				die "parent filter failed: $filter_parent"
 	fi
 
-	sed -e '1,/^$/d' <../commit | \
+	{
+		while IFS='' read -r header_line && test -n "$header_line"
+		do
+			# skip header lines...
+			:;
+		done
+		# and output the actual commit message
+		cat
+	} <../commit |
 		eval "$filter_msg" > ../message ||
 			die "msg filter failed: $filter_msg"
+
+	if test -n "$need_index"
+	then
+		tree=$(git write-tree)
+	else
+		tree=$(git rev-parse "$commit^{tree}")
+	fi
 	workdir=$workdir @SHELL_PATH@ -c "$filter_commit" "git commit-tree" \
-		$(git write-tree) $parentstr < ../message > ../map/$commit ||
+		"$tree" $parentstr < ../message > ../map/$commit ||
 			die "could not write rewritten commit"
 done <../revs
 
@@ -463,7 +574,7 @@ if [ "$filter_tag_name" ]; then
 					}' \
 				    -e '/^-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----/q' \
 				    -e 'p' ) |
-				git mktag) ||
+				git hash-object -t tag -w --stdin) ||
 				die "Could not create new tag object for $ref"
 			if git cat-file tag "$ref" | \
 			   sane_grep '^-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >/dev/null 2>&1
@@ -477,12 +588,9 @@ if [ "$filter_tag_name" ]; then
 	done
 fi
 
-cd "$orig_dir"
-rm -rf "$tempdir"
-
-trap - 0
-
 unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_INDEX_FILE
+unset GIT_AUTHOR_NAME GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
+unset GIT_COMMITTER_NAME GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 test -z "$ORIG_GIT_DIR" || {
 	GIT_DIR="$ORIG_GIT_DIR" && export GIT_DIR
 }
@@ -494,6 +602,58 @@ test -z "$ORIG_GIT_INDEX_FILE" || {
 	GIT_INDEX_FILE="$ORIG_GIT_INDEX_FILE" &&
 	export GIT_INDEX_FILE
 }
+test -z "$ORIG_GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" || {
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="$ORIG_GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" &&
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME
+}
+test -z "$ORIG_GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" || {
+	GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="$ORIG_GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" &&
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
+}
+test -z "$ORIG_GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" || {
+	GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="$ORIG_GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" &&
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
+}
+test -z "$ORIG_GIT_COMMITTER_NAME" || {
+	GIT_COMMITTER_NAME="$ORIG_GIT_COMMITTER_NAME" &&
+	export GIT_COMMITTER_NAME
+}
+test -z "$ORIG_GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL" || {
+	GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL="$ORIG_GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL" &&
+	export GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL
+}
+test -z "$ORIG_GIT_COMMITTER_DATE" || {
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$ORIG_GIT_COMMITTER_DATE" &&
+	export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+}
+
+if test -n "$state_branch"
+then
+	echo "Saving rewrite state to $state_branch" 1>&2
+	state_blob=$(
+		perl -e'opendir D, "../map" or die;
+			open H, "|-", "git hash-object -w --stdin" or die;
+			foreach (sort readdir(D)) {
+				next if m/^\.\.?$/;
+				open F, "<../map/$_" or die;
+				chomp($f = <F>);
+				print H "$_:$f\n" or die;
+			}
+			close(H) or die;' || die "Unable to save state")
+	state_tree=$(printf '100644 blob %s\tfilter.map\n' "$state_blob" | git mktree)
+	if test -n "$state_commit"
+	then
+		state_commit=$(echo "Sync" | git commit-tree "$state_tree" -p "$state_commit")
+	else
+		state_commit=$(echo "Sync" | git commit-tree "$state_tree" )
+	fi
+	git update-ref "$state_branch" "$state_commit"
+fi
+
+cd "$orig_dir"
+rm -rf "$tempdir"
+
+trap - 0
 
 if [ "$(is_bare_repository)" = false ]; then
 	git read-tree -u -m HEAD || exit
diff --git a/git-gui/.gitattributes b/git-gui/.gitattributes
index 33d07c06bd..59cd41dbff 100644
--- a/git-gui/.gitattributes
+++ b/git-gui/.gitattributes
@@ -2,3 +2,4 @@
 *           encoding=US-ASCII
 git-gui.sh  encoding=UTF-8
 /po/*.po    encoding=UTF-8
+/GIT-VERSION-GEN eol=lf
diff --git a/git-gui/GIT-VERSION-GEN b/git-gui/GIT-VERSION-GEN
index a9ea21826a..92373d251a 100755
--- a/git-gui/GIT-VERSION-GEN
+++ b/git-gui/GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 GVF=GIT-VERSION-FILE
-DEF_VER=0.19.GITGUI
+DEF_VER=0.21.GITGUI
 
 LF='
 '
diff --git a/git-gui/Makefile b/git-gui/Makefile
index cde8b2ea31..f10caedaa7 100644
--- a/git-gui/Makefile
+++ b/git-gui/Makefile
@@ -161,7 +161,9 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),Darwin)
 	endif
 endif
 ifneq (,$(findstring MINGW,$(uname_S)))
+ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '1\.'),2)
 	NO_MSGFMT=1
+endif
 	GITGUI_WINDOWS_WRAPPER := YesPlease
 	GITGUI_RELATIVE := 1
 endif
@@ -177,7 +179,8 @@ git-gui: GIT-VERSION-FILE GIT-GUI-VARS
 	echo then >>$@+ && \
 	echo '	'echo \'git-gui version '$(GITGUI_VERSION)'\' >>$@+ && \
 	echo else >>$@+ && \
-	echo '	'exec \''$(libdir_SQ)/Git Gui.app/Contents/MacOS/$(subst \,,$(TKEXECUTABLE))'\' \
+	echo '	libdir="$${GIT_GUI_LIB_DIR:-$(libdir_SQ)}"' >>$@+ && \
+	echo '	'exec \"'$$libdir/Git Gui.app/Contents/MacOS/$(subst \,,$(TKEXECUTABLE))'\" \
 		'"$$0" "$$@"' >>$@+ && \
 	echo fi >>$@+ && \
 	chmod +x $@+ && \
@@ -251,14 +254,14 @@ $(ALL_MSGFILES): %.msg : %.po
 lib/tclIndex: $(ALL_LIBFILES) GIT-GUI-VARS
 	$(QUIET_INDEX)if echo \
 	  $(foreach p,$(PRELOAD_FILES),source $p\;) \
-	  auto_mkindex lib '*.tcl' \
+	  auto_mkindex lib $(patsubst lib/%,%,$(sort $(ALL_LIBFILES))) \
 	| $(TCL_PATH) $(QUIET_2DEVNULL); then : ok; \
 	else \
 	 echo >&2 "    * $(TCL_PATH) failed; using unoptimized loading"; \
 	 rm -f $@ ; \
 	 echo '# Autogenerated by git-gui Makefile' >$@ && \
 	 echo >>$@ && \
-	 $(foreach p,$(PRELOAD_FILES) $(ALL_LIBFILES),echo '$(subst lib/,,$p)' >>$@ &&) \
+	 $(foreach p,$(PRELOAD_FILES) $(sort $(ALL_LIBFILES)),echo '$(subst lib/,,$p)' >>$@ &&) \
 	 echo >>$@ ; \
 	fi
 
diff --git a/git-gui/git-gui.sh b/git-gui/git-gui.sh
index b186329d28..6de74ce639 100755
--- a/git-gui/git-gui.sh
+++ b/git-gui/git-gui.sh
@@ -24,8 +24,7 @@ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 GNU General Public License for more details.
 
 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA}]
+along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.}]
 
 ######################################################################
 ##
@@ -49,7 +48,11 @@ catch {rename send {}} ; # What an evil concept...
 ##
 ## locate our library
 
-set oguilib {@@GITGUI_LIBDIR@@}
+if { [info exists ::env(GIT_GUI_LIB_DIR) ] } {
+	set oguilib $::env(GIT_GUI_LIB_DIR)
+} else {
+	set oguilib {@@GITGUI_LIBDIR@@}
+}
 set oguirel {@@GITGUI_RELATIVE@@}
 if {$oguirel eq {1}} {
 	set oguilib [file dirname [file normalize $argv0]]
@@ -79,9 +82,9 @@ if {![catch {set _verbose $env(GITGUI_VERBOSE)}]} {
 		return [uplevel 1 real__auto_load $name $args]
 	}
 	rename source real__source
-	proc source {name} {
-		puts stderr "source    $name"
-		uplevel 1 real__source $name
+	proc source {args} {
+		puts stderr "source    $args"
+		uplevel 1 [linsert $args 0 real__source]
 	}
 	if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "win32"} { console show }
 }
@@ -271,6 +274,10 @@ proc is_Cygwin {} {
 				set _iscygwin 0
 			} else {
 				set _iscygwin 1
+				# Handle MSys2 which is only cygwin when MSYSTEM is MSYS.
+				if {[info exists ::env(MSYSTEM)] && $::env(MSYSTEM) ne "MSYS"} {
+					set _iscygwin 0
+				}
 			}
 		} else {
 			set _iscygwin 0
@@ -526,28 +533,10 @@ proc _lappend_nice {cmd_var} {
 }
 
 proc git {args} {
-	set opt [list]
-
-	while {1} {
-		switch -- [lindex $args 0] {
-		--nice {
-			_lappend_nice opt
-		}
-
-		default {
-			break
-		}
-
-		}
-
-		set args [lrange $args 1 end]
-	}
-
-	set cmdp [_git_cmd [lindex $args 0]]
-	set args [lrange $args 1 end]
-
-	_trace_exec [concat $opt $cmdp $args]
-	set result [eval exec $opt $cmdp $args]
+	set fd [eval [list git_read] $args]
+	fconfigure $fd -translation binary -encoding utf-8
+	set result [string trimright [read $fd] "\n"]
+	close $fd
 	if {$::_trace} {
 		puts stderr "< $result"
 	}
@@ -666,9 +655,7 @@ proc kill_file_process {fd} {
 
 	catch {
 		if {[is_Windows]} {
-			# Use a Cygwin-specific flag to allow killing
-			# native Windows processes
-			exec kill -f $process
+			exec taskkill /pid $process
 		} else {
 			exec kill $process
 		}
@@ -908,6 +895,7 @@ set default_config(gui.fontdiff) [font configure font_diff]
 set default_config(gui.maxfilesdisplayed) 5000
 set default_config(gui.usettk) 1
 set default_config(gui.warndetachedcommit) 1
+set default_config(gui.tabsize) 8
 set font_descs {
 	{fontui   font_ui   {mc "Main Font"}}
 	{fontdiff font_diff {mc "Diff/Console Font"}}
@@ -1104,7 +1092,7 @@ git-version proc _parse_config {arr_name args} {
 				[list git_read config] \
 				$args \
 				[list --null --list]]
-			fconfigure $fd_rc -translation binary
+			fconfigure $fd_rc -translation binary -encoding utf-8
 			set buf [read $fd_rc]
 			close $fd_rc
 		}
@@ -1283,7 +1271,7 @@ load_config 0
 apply_config
 
 # v1.7.0 introduced --show-toplevel to return the canonical work-tree
-if {[package vsatisfies $_git_version 1.7.0-]} {
+if {[package vcompare $_git_version 1.7.0] >= 0} {
 	if { [is_Cygwin] } {
 		catch {set _gitworktree [exec cygpath --windows [git rev-parse --show-toplevel]]}
 	} else {
@@ -1539,7 +1527,7 @@ proc rescan_stage2 {fd after} {
 		close $fd
 	}
 
-	if {[package vsatisfies $::_git_version 1.6.3-]} {
+	if {[package vcompare $::_git_version 1.6.3] >= 0} {
 		set ls_others [list --exclude-standard]
 	} else {
 		set ls_others [list --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore]
@@ -1613,11 +1601,13 @@ proc run_prepare_commit_msg_hook {} {
 	if {[file isfile [gitdir MERGE_MSG]]} {
 		set pcm_source "merge"
 		set fd_mm [open [gitdir MERGE_MSG] r]
+		fconfigure $fd_mm -encoding utf-8
 		puts -nonewline $fd_pcm [read $fd_mm]
 		close $fd_mm
 	} elseif {[file isfile [gitdir SQUASH_MSG]]} {
 		set pcm_source "squash"
 		set fd_sm [open [gitdir SQUASH_MSG] r]
+		fconfigure $fd_sm -encoding utf-8
 		puts -nonewline $fd_pcm [read $fd_sm]
 		close $fd_sm
 	} else {
@@ -1682,7 +1672,7 @@ proc read_diff_index {fd after} {
 		set i [split [string range $buf_rdi $c [expr {$z1 - 2}]] { }]
 		set p [string range $buf_rdi $z1 [expr {$z2 - 1}]]
 		merge_state \
-			[encoding convertfrom $p] \
+			[encoding convertfrom utf-8 $p] \
 			[lindex $i 4]? \
 			[list [lindex $i 0] [lindex $i 2]] \
 			[list]
@@ -1715,7 +1705,7 @@ proc read_diff_files {fd after} {
 		set i [split [string range $buf_rdf $c [expr {$z1 - 2}]] { }]
 		set p [string range $buf_rdf $z1 [expr {$z2 - 1}]]
 		merge_state \
-			[encoding convertfrom $p] \
+			[encoding convertfrom utf-8 $p] \
 			?[lindex $i 4] \
 			[list] \
 			[list [lindex $i 0] [lindex $i 2]]
@@ -1738,7 +1728,7 @@ proc read_ls_others {fd after} {
 	set pck [split $buf_rlo "\0"]
 	set buf_rlo [lindex $pck end]
 	foreach p [lrange $pck 0 end-1] {
-		set p [encoding convertfrom $p]
+		set p [encoding convertfrom utf-8 $p]
 		if {[string index $p end] eq {/}} {
 			set p [string range $p 0 end-1]
 		}
@@ -1962,20 +1952,22 @@ proc display_all_files {} {
 
 	set to_display [lsort [array names file_states]]
 	set display_limit [get_config gui.maxfilesdisplayed]
-	if {[llength $to_display] > $display_limit} {
-		if {!$files_warning} {
-			# do not repeatedly warn:
-			set files_warning 1
-			info_popup [mc "Displaying only %s of %s files." \
-				$display_limit [llength $to_display]]
-		}
-		set to_display [lrange $to_display 0 [expr {$display_limit-1}]]
-	}
+	set displayed 0
 	foreach path $to_display {
 		set s $file_states($path)
 		set m [lindex $s 0]
 		set icon_name [lindex $s 1]
 
+		if {$displayed > $display_limit && [string index $m 1] eq {O} } {
+			if {!$files_warning} {
+				# do not repeatedly warn:
+				set files_warning 1
+				info_popup [mc "Display limit (gui.maxfilesdisplayed = %s) reached, not showing all %s files." \
+					$display_limit [llength $to_display]]
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
 		set s [string index $m 0]
 		if {$s ne {U} && $s ne {_}} {
 			display_all_files_helper $ui_index $path \
@@ -1990,6 +1982,7 @@ proc display_all_files {} {
 		if {$s ne {_}} {
 			display_all_files_helper $ui_workdir $path \
 				$icon_name $s
+			incr displayed
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -2499,20 +2492,61 @@ proc force_first_diff {after} {
 	}
 }
 
-proc toggle_or_diff {w x y} {
+proc toggle_or_diff {mode w args} {
 	global file_states file_lists current_diff_path ui_index ui_workdir
 	global last_clicked selected_paths
 
-	set pos [split [$w index @$x,$y] .]
-	set lno [lindex $pos 0]
-	set col [lindex $pos 1]
-	set path [lindex $file_lists($w) [expr {$lno - 1}]]
+	if {$mode eq "click"} {
+		foreach {x y} $args break
+		set pos [split [$w index @$x,$y] .]
+		foreach {lno col} $pos break
+	} else {
+		if {$mode eq "toggle"} {
+			if {$w eq $ui_workdir} {
+				do_add_selection
+				set last_clicked {}
+				return
+			}
+			if {$w eq $ui_index} {
+				do_unstage_selection
+				set last_clicked {}
+				return
+			}
+		}
+
+		if {$last_clicked ne {}} {
+			set lno [lindex $last_clicked 1]
+		} else {
+			if {![info exists file_lists]
+				|| ![info exists file_lists($w)]
+				|| [llength $file_lists($w)] == 0} {
+				set last_clicked {}
+				return
+			}
+			set lno [expr {int([lindex [$w tag ranges in_diff] 0])}]
+		}
+		if {$mode eq "toggle"} {
+			set col 0; set y 2
+		} else {
+			incr lno [expr {$mode eq "up" ? -1 : 1}]
+			set col 1
+		}
+	}
+
+	if {![info exists file_lists]
+		|| ![info exists file_lists($w)]
+		|| [llength $file_lists($w)] < $lno - 1} {
+		set path {}
+	} else {
+		set path [lindex $file_lists($w) [expr {$lno - 1}]]
+	}
 	if {$path eq {}} {
 		set last_clicked {}
 		return
 	}
 
 	set last_clicked [list $w $lno]
+	focus $w
 	array unset selected_paths
 	$ui_index tag remove in_sel 0.0 end
 	$ui_workdir tag remove in_sel 0.0 end
@@ -2592,7 +2626,7 @@ proc add_range_to_selection {w x y} {
 	global file_lists last_clicked selected_paths
 
 	if {[lindex $last_clicked 0] ne $w} {
-		toggle_or_diff $w $x $y
+		toggle_or_diff click $w $x $y
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -3001,7 +3035,7 @@ bind all <$M1B-Key-W> {destroy [winfo toplevel %W]}
 
 set subcommand_args {}
 proc usage {} {
-	set s "usage: $::argv0 $::subcommand $::subcommand_args"
+	set s "[mc usage:] $::argv0 $::subcommand $::subcommand_args"
 	if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "win32"} {
 		wm withdraw .
 		tk_messageBox -icon info -message $s \
@@ -3133,7 +3167,7 @@ gui {
 	# fall through to setup UI for commits
 }
 default {
-	set err "usage: $argv0 \[{blame|browser|citool}\]"
+	set err "[mc usage:] $argv0 \[{blame|browser|citool}\]"
 	if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "win32"} {
 		wm withdraw .
 		tk_messageBox -icon error -message $err \
@@ -3172,16 +3206,38 @@ if {$use_ttk} {
 }
 pack .vpane -anchor n -side top -fill both -expand 1
 
+# -- Working Directory File List
+
+textframe .vpane.files.workdir -height 100 -width 200
+tlabel .vpane.files.workdir.title -text [mc "Unstaged Changes"] \
+	-background lightsalmon -foreground black
+ttext $ui_workdir -background white -foreground black \
+	-borderwidth 0 \
+	-width 20 -height 10 \
+	-wrap none \
+	-takefocus 1 -highlightthickness 1\
+	-cursor $cursor_ptr \
+	-xscrollcommand {.vpane.files.workdir.sx set} \
+	-yscrollcommand {.vpane.files.workdir.sy set} \
+	-state disabled
+${NS}::scrollbar .vpane.files.workdir.sx -orient h -command [list $ui_workdir xview]
+${NS}::scrollbar .vpane.files.workdir.sy -orient v -command [list $ui_workdir yview]
+pack .vpane.files.workdir.title -side top -fill x
+pack .vpane.files.workdir.sx -side bottom -fill x
+pack .vpane.files.workdir.sy -side right -fill y
+pack $ui_workdir -side left -fill both -expand 1
+
 # -- Index File List
 #
-${NS}::frame .vpane.files.index -height 100 -width 200
+textframe .vpane.files.index -height 100 -width 200
 tlabel .vpane.files.index.title \
 	-text [mc "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"] \
 	-background lightgreen -foreground black
-text $ui_index -background white -foreground black \
+ttext $ui_index -background white -foreground black \
 	-borderwidth 0 \
 	-width 20 -height 10 \
 	-wrap none \
+	-takefocus 1 -highlightthickness 1\
 	-cursor $cursor_ptr \
 	-xscrollcommand {.vpane.files.index.sx set} \
 	-yscrollcommand {.vpane.files.index.sy set} \
@@ -3193,26 +3249,8 @@ pack .vpane.files.index.sx -side bottom -fill x
 pack .vpane.files.index.sy -side right -fill y
 pack $ui_index -side left -fill both -expand 1
 
-# -- Working Directory File List
+# -- Insert the workdir and index into the panes
 #
-${NS}::frame .vpane.files.workdir -height 100 -width 200
-tlabel .vpane.files.workdir.title -text [mc "Unstaged Changes"] \
-	-background lightsalmon -foreground black
-text $ui_workdir -background white -foreground black \
-	-borderwidth 0 \
-	-width 20 -height 10 \
-	-wrap none \
-	-cursor $cursor_ptr \
-	-xscrollcommand {.vpane.files.workdir.sx set} \
-	-yscrollcommand {.vpane.files.workdir.sy set} \
-	-state disabled
-${NS}::scrollbar .vpane.files.workdir.sx -orient h -command [list $ui_workdir xview]
-${NS}::scrollbar .vpane.files.workdir.sy -orient v -command [list $ui_workdir yview]
-pack .vpane.files.workdir.title -side top -fill x
-pack .vpane.files.workdir.sx -side bottom -fill x
-pack .vpane.files.workdir.sy -side right -fill y
-pack $ui_workdir -side left -fill both -expand 1
-
 .vpane.files add .vpane.files.workdir
 .vpane.files add .vpane.files.index
 if {!$use_ttk} {
@@ -3295,7 +3333,7 @@ if {![is_enabled nocommit]} {
 #
 ${NS}::frame .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer
 ${NS}::frame .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header
-set ui_comm .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.t
+set ui_comm .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.frame.t
 set ui_coml .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header.l
 
 if {![is_enabled nocommit]} {
@@ -3338,20 +3376,25 @@ if {![is_enabled nocommit]} {
 	pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header.new -side right
 }
 
-text $ui_comm -background white -foreground black \
+textframe .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.frame
+ttext $ui_comm -background white -foreground black \
 	-borderwidth 1 \
 	-undo true \
 	-maxundo 20 \
 	-autoseparators true \
+	-takefocus 1 \
+	-highlightthickness 1 \
 	-relief sunken \
 	-width $repo_config(gui.commitmsgwidth) -height 9 -wrap none \
 	-font font_diff \
-	-yscrollcommand {.vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.sby set}
-${NS}::scrollbar .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.sby \
+	-yscrollcommand {.vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.frame.sby set}
+${NS}::scrollbar .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.frame.sby \
 	-command [list $ui_comm yview]
-pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header -side top -fill x
-pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.sby -side right -fill y
+
+pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.frame.sby -side right -fill y
 pack $ui_comm -side left -fill y
+pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.header -side top -fill x
+pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer.frame -side left -fill y
 pack .vpane.lower.commarea.buffer -side left -fill y
 
 # -- Commit Message Buffer Context Menu
@@ -3449,12 +3492,13 @@ bind_button3 .vpane.lower.diff.header.path "tk_popup $ctxm %X %Y"
 
 # -- Diff Body
 #
-${NS}::frame .vpane.lower.diff.body
+textframe .vpane.lower.diff.body
 set ui_diff .vpane.lower.diff.body.t
-text $ui_diff -background white -foreground black \
+ttext $ui_diff -background white -foreground black \
 	-borderwidth 0 \
 	-width 80 -height 5 -wrap none \
 	-font font_diff \
+	-takefocus 1 -highlightthickness 1 \
 	-xscrollcommand {.vpane.lower.diff.body.sbx set} \
 	-yscrollcommand {.vpane.lower.diff.body.sby set} \
 	-state disabled
@@ -3809,10 +3853,10 @@ bind .   <$M1B-Key-r> ui_do_rescan
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-R> ui_do_rescan
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-s> do_signoff
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-S> do_signoff
-bind .   <$M1B-Key-t> do_add_selection
-bind .   <$M1B-Key-T> do_add_selection
-bind .   <$M1B-Key-u> do_unstage_selection
-bind .   <$M1B-Key-U> do_unstage_selection
+bind .   <$M1B-Key-t> { toggle_or_diff toggle %W }
+bind .   <$M1B-Key-T> { toggle_or_diff toggle %W }
+bind .   <$M1B-Key-u> { toggle_or_diff toggle %W }
+bind .   <$M1B-Key-U> { toggle_or_diff toggle %W }
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-j> do_revert_selection
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-J> do_revert_selection
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-i> do_add_all
@@ -3823,10 +3867,13 @@ bind .   <$M1B-Key-equal> {show_more_context;break}
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-plus> {show_more_context;break}
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-KP_Add> {show_more_context;break}
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-Return> do_commit
+bind .   <$M1B-Key-KP_Enter> do_commit
 foreach i [list $ui_index $ui_workdir] {
-	bind $i <Button-1>       "toggle_or_diff         $i %x %y; break"
-	bind $i <$M1B-Button-1>  "add_one_to_selection   $i %x %y; break"
-	bind $i <Shift-Button-1> "add_range_to_selection $i %x %y; break"
+	bind $i <Button-1>       { toggle_or_diff click %W %x %y; break }
+	bind $i <$M1B-Button-1>  { add_one_to_selection %W %x %y; break }
+	bind $i <Shift-Button-1> { add_range_to_selection %W %x %y; break }
+	bind $i <Key-Up>         { toggle_or_diff up %W; break }
+	bind $i <Key-Down>       { toggle_or_diff down %W; break }
 }
 unset i
 
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/blame.tcl b/git-gui/lib/blame.tcl
index b1d15f4621..a1aeb8b96e 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/blame.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/blame.tcl
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ constructor new {i_commit i_path i_jump} {
 	set path   $i_path
 
 	make_toplevel top w
-	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "File Viewer"]]
+	wm title $top [mc "%s (%s): File Viewer" [appname] [reponame]]
 
 	set font_w [font measure font_diff "0"]
 
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/branch_checkout.tcl b/git-gui/lib/branch_checkout.tcl
index 2e459a8297..d06037decc 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/branch_checkout.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/branch_checkout.tcl
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ constructor dialog {} {
 	global use_ttk NS
 	make_dialog top w
 	wm withdraw $w
-	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Checkout Branch"]]
+	wm title $top [mc "%s (%s): Checkout Branch" [appname] [reponame]]
 	if {$top ne {.}} {
 		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
 	}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/branch_create.tcl b/git-gui/lib/branch_create.tcl
index 4bb907705c..ba367d551d 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/branch_create.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/branch_create.tcl
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ constructor dialog {} {
 
 	make_dialog top w
 	wm withdraw $w
-	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Create Branch"]]
+	wm title $top [mc "%s (%s): Create Branch" [appname] [reponame]]
 	if {$top ne {.}} {
 		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
 	}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/branch_delete.tcl b/git-gui/lib/branch_delete.tcl
index 867938ec6a..a5051637bb 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/branch_delete.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/branch_delete.tcl
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ constructor dialog {} {
 
 	make_dialog top w
 	wm withdraw $w
-	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Delete Branch"]]
+	wm title $top [mc "%s (%s): Delete Branch" [appname] [reponame]]
 	if {$top ne {.}} {
 		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
 	}
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ method _delete {} {
 		set b [lindex $i 0]
 		set o [lindex $i 1]
 		if {[catch {git branch -D $b} err]} {
-			append failed " - $b: $err\n"
+			append failed [mc " - %s:" $b] " $err\n"
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/branch_rename.tcl b/git-gui/lib/branch_rename.tcl
index 6e510ec2e3..3a2d79a9cc 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/branch_rename.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/branch_rename.tcl
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ constructor dialog {} {
 
 	make_dialog top w
 	wm withdraw $w
-	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Rename Branch"]]
+	wm title $top [mc "%s (%s): Rename Branch" [appname] [reponame]]
 	if {$top ne {.}} {
 		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
 	}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/browser.tcl b/git-gui/lib/browser.tcl
index 0328338fda..a982983667 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/browser.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/browser.tcl
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ constructor new {commit {path {}}} {
 	global cursor_ptr M1B use_ttk NS
 	make_dialog top w
 	wm withdraw $top
-	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "File Browser"]]
+	wm title $top [mc "%s (%s): File Browser" [appname] [reponame]]
 
 	if {$path ne {}} {
 		if {[string index $path end] ne {/}} {
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ method _ls {tree_id {name {}}} {
 	$w conf -state disabled
 
 	set fd [git_read ls-tree -z $tree_id]
-	fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation binary -encoding binary
+	fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation binary -encoding utf-8
 	fileevent $fd readable [cb _read $fd]
 }
 
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ constructor dialog {} {
 	global use_ttk NS
 	make_dialog top w
 	wm withdraw $top
-	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Browse Branch Files"]]
+	wm title $top [mc "%s (%s): Browse Branch Files" [appname] [reponame]]
 	if {$top ne {.}} {
 		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
 		wm transient $top .
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/choose_repository.tcl b/git-gui/lib/choose_repository.tcl
index 3c10bc656d..80f5a59bbb 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/choose_repository.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/choose_repository.tcl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ field local_path       {} ; # Where this repository is locally
 field origin_url       {} ; # Where we are cloning from
 field origin_name  origin ; # What we shall call 'origin'
 field clone_type hardlink ; # Type of clone to construct
+field recursive      true ; # Recursive cloning flag
 field readtree_err        ; # Error output from read-tree (if any)
 field sorted_recent       ; # recent repositories (sorted)
 
@@ -141,6 +142,10 @@ constructor pick {} {
 				-label [mc "Recent Repositories"]
 		}
 
+	if {[set lenrecent [llength $sorted_recent]] < $maxrecent} {
+		set lenrecent $maxrecent
+	}
+
 		${NS}::label $w_body.space
 		${NS}::label $w_body.recentlabel \
 			-anchor w \
@@ -152,7 +157,7 @@ constructor pick {} {
 			-background [get_bg_color $w_body.recentlabel] \
 			-wrap none \
 			-width 50 \
-			-height $maxrecent
+			-height $lenrecent
 		$w_recentlist tag conf link \
 			-foreground blue \
 			-underline 1
@@ -234,19 +239,19 @@ method _invoke_next {} {
 
 proc _get_recentrepos {} {
 	set recent [list]
-	foreach p [get_config gui.recentrepo] {
+	foreach p [lsort -unique [get_config gui.recentrepo]] {
 		if {[_is_git [file join $p .git]]} {
 			lappend recent $p
 		} else {
 			_unset_recentrepo $p
 		}
 	}
-	return [lsort $recent]
+	return $recent
 }
 
 proc _unset_recentrepo {p} {
 	regsub -all -- {([()\[\]{}\.^$+*?\\])} $p {\\\1} p
-	git config --global --unset gui.recentrepo "^$p\$"
+	catch {git config --global --unset-all gui.recentrepo "^$p\$"}
 	load_config 1
 }
 
@@ -261,12 +266,11 @@ proc _append_recentrepos {path} {
 	set i [lsearch $recent $path]
 	if {$i >= 0} {
 		_unset_recentrepo $path
-		set recent [lreplace $recent $i $i]
 	}
 
-	lappend recent $path
 	git config --global --add gui.recentrepo $path
 	load_config 1
+	set recent [get_config gui.recentrepo]
 
 	if {[set maxrecent [get_config gui.maxrecentrepo]] eq {}} {
 		set maxrecent 10
@@ -274,7 +278,7 @@ proc _append_recentrepos {path} {
 
 	while {[llength $recent] > $maxrecent} {
 		_unset_recentrepo [lindex $recent 0]
-		set recent [lrange $recent 1 end]
+		set recent [get_config gui.recentrepo]
 	}
 }
 
@@ -337,16 +341,31 @@ method _git_init {} {
 	return 1
 }
 
-proc _is_git {path} {
+proc _is_git {path {outdir_var ""}} {
+	if {$outdir_var ne ""} {
+		upvar 1 $outdir_var outdir
+	}
+	if {[file isfile $path]} {
+		set fp [open $path r]
+		gets $fp line
+		close $fp
+		if {[regexp "^gitdir: (.+)$" $line line link_target]} {
+			set path [file join [file dirname $path] $link_target]
+			set path [file normalize $path]
+		}
+	}
+
 	if {[file exists [file join $path HEAD]]
 	 && [file exists [file join $path objects]]
 	 && [file exists [file join $path config]]} {
+		set outdir $path
 		return 1
 	}
 	if {[is_Cygwin]} {
 		if {[file exists [file join $path HEAD]]
 		 && [file exists [file join $path objects.lnk]]
 		 && [file exists [file join $path config.lnk]]} {
+			set outdir $path
 			return 1
 		}
 	}
@@ -525,6 +544,11 @@ method _do_clone {} {
 	foreach r $w_types {
 		pack $r -anchor w
 	}
+	${NS}::checkbutton $args.type_f.recursive \
+		-text [mc "Recursively clone submodules too"] \
+		-variable @recursive \
+		-onvalue true -offvalue false
+	pack $args.type_f.recursive -anchor w
 	grid $args.type_l $args.type_f -sticky new
 
 	grid columnconfigure $args 1 -weight 1
@@ -952,6 +976,30 @@ method _do_clone_checkout {HEAD} {
 	fileevent $fd readable [cb _readtree_wait $fd]
 }
 
+method _do_validate_submodule_cloning {ok} {
+	if {$ok} {
+		$o_cons done $ok
+		set done 1
+	} else {
+		_clone_failed $this [mc "Cannot clone submodules."]
+	}
+}
+
+method _do_clone_submodules {} {
+	if {$recursive eq {true}} {
+		destroy $w_body
+		set o_cons [console::embed \
+			$w_body \
+			[mc "Cloning submodules"]]
+		pack $w_body -fill both -expand 1 -padx 10
+		$o_cons exec \
+			[list git submodule update --init --recursive] \
+			[cb _do_validate_submodule_cloning]
+	} else {
+		set done 1
+	}
+}
+
 method _readtree_wait {fd} {
 	set buf [read $fd]
 	$o_cons update_meter $buf
@@ -982,7 +1030,7 @@ method _readtree_wait {fd} {
 		fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0 -translation binary -eofchar {}
 		fileevent $fd_ph readable [cb _postcheckout_wait $fd_ph]
 	} else {
-		set done 1
+		_do_clone_submodules $this
 	}
 }
 
@@ -996,7 +1044,7 @@ method _postcheckout_wait {fd_ph} {
 			hook_failed_popup post-checkout $pch_error 0
 		}
 		unset pch_error
-		set done 1
+		_do_clone_submodules $this
 		return
 	}
 	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0
@@ -1063,7 +1111,7 @@ method _open_local_path {} {
 }
 
 method _do_open2 {} {
-	if {![_is_git [file join $local_path .git]]} {
+	if {![_is_git [file join $local_path .git] actualgit]} {
 		error_popup [mc "Not a Git repository: %s" [file tail $local_path]]
 		return
 	}
@@ -1076,7 +1124,7 @@ method _do_open2 {} {
 	}
 
 	_append_recentrepos [pwd]
-	set ::_gitdir .git
+	set ::_gitdir $actualgit
 	set ::_prefix {}
 	set done 1
 }
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl b/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl
index 864b687057..75ea965dac 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
 
 proc load_last_commit {} {
-	global HEAD PARENT MERGE_HEAD commit_type ui_comm
+	global HEAD PARENT MERGE_HEAD commit_type ui_comm commit_author
 	global repo_config
 
 	if {[llength $PARENT] == 0} {
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully completed.  Y
 	set msg {}
 	set parents [list]
 	if {[catch {
+			set name ""
+			set email ""
 			set fd [git_read cat-file commit $curHEAD]
 			fconfigure $fd -encoding binary -translation lf
 			# By default commits are assumed to be in utf-8
@@ -34,7 +36,7 @@ You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully completed.  Y
 					lappend parents [string range $line 7 end]
 				} elseif {[string match {encoding *} $line]} {
 					set enc [string tolower [string range $line 9 end]]
-				}
+				} elseif {[regexp "author (.*)\\s<(.*)>\\s(\\d.*$)" $line all name email time]} { }
 			}
 			set msg [read $fd]
 			close $fd
@@ -42,7 +44,13 @@ You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully completed.  Y
 			set enc [tcl_encoding $enc]
 			if {$enc ne {}} {
 				set msg [encoding convertfrom $enc $msg]
+				set name [encoding convertfrom $enc $name]
+				set email [encoding convertfrom $enc $email]
 			}
+			if {$name ne {} && $email ne {}} {
+				set commit_author [list name $name email $email date $time]
+			}
+
 			set msg [string trim $msg]
 		} err]} {
 		error_popup [strcat [mc "Error loading commit data for amend:"] "\n\n$err"]
@@ -106,9 +114,10 @@ proc do_signoff {} {
 }
 
 proc create_new_commit {} {
-	global commit_type ui_comm
+	global commit_type ui_comm commit_author
 
 	set commit_type normal
+	unset -nocomplain commit_author
 	$ui_comm delete 0.0 end
 	$ui_comm edit reset
 	$ui_comm edit modified false
@@ -322,11 +331,12 @@ proc commit_writetree {curHEAD msg_p} {
 }
 
 proc commit_committree {fd_wt curHEAD msg_p} {
-	global HEAD PARENT MERGE_HEAD commit_type
+	global HEAD PARENT MERGE_HEAD commit_type commit_author
 	global current_branch
 	global ui_comm selected_commit_type
 	global file_states selected_paths rescan_active
 	global repo_config
+	global env
 
 	gets $fd_wt tree_id
 	if {[catch {close $fd_wt} err]} {
@@ -366,9 +376,15 @@ A rescan will be automatically started now.
 		}
 	}
 
+	if {[info exists commit_author]} {
+		set old_author [commit_author_ident $commit_author]
+	}
 	# -- Create the commit.
 	#
 	set cmd [list commit-tree $tree_id]
+	if {[is_config_true commit.gpgsign]} {
+		lappend cmd -S
+	}
 	foreach p [concat $PARENT $MERGE_HEAD] {
 		lappend cmd -p $p
 	}
@@ -378,8 +394,14 @@ A rescan will be automatically started now.
 		error_popup [strcat [mc "commit-tree failed:"] "\n\n$err"]
 		ui_status [mc "Commit failed."]
 		unlock_index
+		unset -nocomplain commit_author
+		commit_author_reset $old_author
 		return
 	}
+	if {[info exists commit_author]} {
+		unset -nocomplain commit_author
+		commit_author_reset $old_author
+	}
 
 	# -- Update the HEAD ref.
 	#
@@ -506,3 +528,20 @@ proc commit_postcommit_wait {fd_ph cmt_id} {
 	}
 	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0
 }
+
+proc commit_author_ident {details} {
+	global env
+	array set author $details
+	set old [array get env GIT_AUTHOR_*]
+	set env(GIT_AUTHOR_NAME) $author(name)
+	set env(GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL) $author(email)
+	set env(GIT_AUTHOR_DATE) $author(date)
+	return $old
+}
+proc commit_author_reset {details} {
+	global env
+	unset env(GIT_AUTHOR_NAME) env(GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL) env(GIT_AUTHOR_DATE)
+	if {$details ne {}} {
+		array set env $details
+	}
+}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/database.tcl b/git-gui/lib/database.tcl
index 1f187ed286..85783081e0 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/database.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/database.tcl
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ proc do_stats {} {
 			set value "$value[lindex $s 2]"
 		}
 
-		${NS}::label $w.stat.l_$name -text "$label:" -anchor w
+		${NS}::label $w.stat.l_$name -text [mc "%s:" $label] -anchor w
 		${NS}::label $w.stat.v_$name -text $value -anchor w
 		grid $w.stat.l_$name $w.stat.v_$name -sticky we -padx {0 5}
 	}
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ proc do_stats {} {
 	bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w.buttons.close"
 	bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
 	bind $w <Key-Return> [list destroy $w]
-	wm title $w [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Database Statistics"]]
+	wm title $w [mc "%s (%s): Database Statistics" [appname] [reponame]]
 	wm deiconify $w
 	tkwait window $w
 }
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl b/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl
index b0a5180af7..68c4a6c736 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl
@@ -1,6 +1,19 @@
 # git-gui diff viewer
 # Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
 
+proc apply_tab_size {{firsttab {}}} {
+	global have_tk85 repo_config ui_diff
+
+	set w [font measure font_diff "0"]
+	if {$have_tk85 && $firsttab != 0} {
+		$ui_diff configure -tabs [list [expr {$firsttab * $w}] [expr {($firsttab + $repo_config(gui.tabsize)) * $w}]]
+	} elseif {$have_tk85 || $repo_config(gui.tabsize) != 8} {
+		$ui_diff configure -tabs [expr {$repo_config(gui.tabsize) * $w}]
+	} else {
+		$ui_diff configure -tabs {}
+	}
+}
+
 proc clear_diff {} {
 	global ui_diff current_diff_path current_diff_header
 	global ui_index ui_workdir
@@ -105,6 +118,8 @@ proc show_diff {path w {lno {}} {scroll_pos {}} {callback {}}} {
 
 	set cont_info [list $scroll_pos $callback]
 
+	apply_tab_size 0
+
 	if {[string first {U} $m] >= 0} {
 		merge_load_stages $path [list show_unmerged_diff $cont_info]
 	} elseif {$m eq {_O}} {
@@ -112,6 +127,9 @@ proc show_diff {path w {lno {}} {scroll_pos {}} {callback {}}} {
 	} else {
 		start_show_diff $cont_info
 	}
+
+	global current_diff_path selected_paths
+	set selected_paths($current_diff_path) 1
 }
 
 proc show_unmerged_diff {cont_info} {
@@ -205,10 +223,9 @@ proc show_other_diff {path w m cont_info} {
 		}
 		$ui_diff conf -state normal
 		if {$type eq {submodule}} {
-			$ui_diff insert end [append \
-				"* " \
-				[mc "Git Repository (subproject)"] \
-				"\n"] d_info
+			$ui_diff insert end \
+				"* [mc "Git Repository (subproject)"]\n" \
+				d_info
 		} elseif {![catch {set type [exec file $path]}]} {
 			set n [string length $path]
 			if {[string equal -length $n $path $type]} {
@@ -401,7 +418,10 @@ proc read_diff {fd conflict_size cont_info} {
 
 		# -- Automatically detect if this is a 3 way diff.
 		#
-		if {[string match {@@@ *} $line]} {set is_3way_diff 1}
+		if {[string match {@@@ *} $line]} {
+			set is_3way_diff 1
+			apply_tab_size 1
+		}
 
 		if {$::current_diff_inheader} {
 
@@ -590,7 +610,7 @@ proc apply_hunk {x y} {
 		puts -nonewline $p $current_diff_header
 		puts -nonewline $p [$ui_diff get $s_lno $e_lno]
 		close $p} err]} {
-		error_popup [append $failed_msg "\n\n$err"]
+		error_popup "$failed_msg\n\n$err"
 		unlock_index
 		return
 	}
@@ -678,6 +698,7 @@ proc apply_range_or_line {x y} {
 		set hh [$ui_diff get $i_l "$i_l + 1 lines"]
 		set hh [lindex [split $hh ,] 0]
 		set hln [lindex [split $hh -] 1]
+		set hln [lindex [split $hln " "] 0]
 
 		# There is a special situation to take care of. Consider this
 		# hunk:
@@ -808,7 +829,7 @@ proc apply_range_or_line {x y} {
 		puts -nonewline $p $current_diff_header
 		puts -nonewline $p $wholepatch
 		close $p} err]} {
-		error_popup [append $failed_msg "\n\n$err"]
+		error_popup "$failed_msg\n\n$err"
 	}
 
 	unlock_index
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/error.tcl b/git-gui/lib/error.tcl
index c0fa69af56..8968a57f33 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/error.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/error.tcl
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ proc error_popup {msg} {
 	set cmd [list tk_messageBox \
 		-icon error \
 		-type ok \
-		-title [append "$title: " [mc "error"]] \
+		-title [mc "%s: error" $title] \
 		-message $msg]
 	if {[winfo ismapped [_error_parent]]} {
 		lappend cmd -parent [_error_parent]
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ proc warn_popup {msg} {
 	set cmd [list tk_messageBox \
 		-icon warning \
 		-type ok \
-		-title [append "$title: " [mc "warning"]] \
+		-title [mc "%s: warning" $title] \
 		-message $msg]
 	if {[winfo ismapped [_error_parent]]} {
 		lappend cmd -parent [_error_parent]
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ proc hook_failed_popup {hook msg {is_fatal 1}} {
 	wm withdraw $w
 
 	${NS}::frame $w.m
-	${NS}::label $w.m.l1 -text "$hook hook failed:" \
+	${NS}::label $w.m.l1 -text [mc "%s hook failed:" $hook] \
 		-anchor w \
 		-justify left \
 		-font font_uibold
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ proc hook_failed_popup {hook msg {is_fatal 1}} {
 
 	bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w"
 	bind $w <Key-Return> "destroy $w"
-	wm title $w [strcat "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "error"]]
+	wm title $w [mc "%s (%s): error" [appname] [reponame]]
 	wm deiconify $w
 	tkwait window $w
 }
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/index.tcl b/git-gui/lib/index.tcl
index 74a81a7b42..b588db11d9 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/index.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/index.tcl
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ proc write_update_indexinfo {fd pathList totalCnt batch after} {
 		set info [lindex $s 2]
 		if {$info eq {}} continue
 
-		puts -nonewline $fd "$info\t[encoding convertto $path]\0"
+		puts -nonewline $fd "$info\t[encoding convertto utf-8 $path]\0"
 		display_file $path $new
 	}
 
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ proc write_update_index {fd pathList totalCnt batch after} {
 		?M {set new M_}
 		?? {continue}
 		}
-		puts -nonewline $fd "[encoding convertto $path]\0"
+		puts -nonewline $fd "[encoding convertto utf-8 $path]\0"
 		display_file $path $new
 	}
 
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ proc write_checkout_index {fd pathList totalCnt batch after} {
 		?M -
 		?T -
 		?D {
-			puts -nonewline $fd "[encoding convertto $path]\0"
+			puts -nonewline $fd "[encoding convertto utf-8 $path]\0"
 			display_file $path ?_
 		}
 		}
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ proc do_unstage_selection {} {
 
 	if {[array size selected_paths] > 0} {
 		unstage_helper \
-			{Unstaging selected files from commit} \
+			[mc "Unstaging selected files from commit"] \
 			[array names selected_paths]
 	} elseif {$current_diff_path ne {}} {
 		unstage_helper \
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ proc do_add_selection {} {
 
 	if {[array size selected_paths] > 0} {
 		add_helper \
-			{Adding selected files} \
+			[mc "Adding selected files"] \
 			[array names selected_paths]
 	} elseif {$current_diff_path ne {}} {
 		add_helper \
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ proc do_add_all {} {
 			set paths [concat $paths $untracked_paths]
 		}
 	}
-	add_helper {Adding all changed files} $paths
+	add_helper [mc "Adding all changed files"] $paths
 }
 
 proc revert_helper {txt paths} {
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/merge.tcl b/git-gui/lib/merge.tcl
index 460d32fa22..9f253db5b3 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/merge.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/merge.tcl
@@ -112,12 +112,16 @@ method _start {} {
 	close $fh
 	set _last_merged_branch $branch
 
-	set cmd [list git]
-	lappend cmd merge
-	lappend cmd --strategy=recursive
-	lappend cmd [git fmt-merge-msg <[gitdir FETCH_HEAD]]
-	lappend cmd HEAD
-	lappend cmd $name
+	if {[git-version >= "2.5.0"]} {
+		set cmd [list git merge --strategy=recursive FETCH_HEAD]
+	} else {
+		set cmd [list git]
+		lappend cmd merge
+		lappend cmd --strategy=recursive
+		lappend cmd [git fmt-merge-msg <[gitdir FETCH_HEAD]]
+		lappend cmd HEAD
+		lappend cmd $name
+	}
 
 	ui_status [mc "Merging %s and %s..." $current_branch $stitle]
 	set cons [console::new [mc "Merge"] "merge $stitle"]
@@ -149,7 +153,7 @@ constructor dialog {} {
 	}
 
 	make_dialog top w
-	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Merge"]]
+	wm title $top [mc "%s (%s): Merge" [appname] [reponame]]
 	if {$top ne {.}} {
 		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
 	}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/option.tcl b/git-gui/lib/option.tcl
index 23c9ae72a4..e43971bfa3 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/option.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/option.tcl
@@ -161,6 +161,7 @@ proc do_options {} {
 		{b gui.warndetachedcommit {mc "Warn before committing to a detached head"}}
 		{s gui.stageuntracked {mc "Staging of untracked files"} {list "yes" "no" "ask"}}
 		{b gui.displayuntracked {mc "Show untracked files"}}
+		{i-1..99 gui.tabsize {mc "Tab spacing"}}
 		} {
 		set type [lindex $option 0]
 		set name [lindex $option 1]
@@ -178,7 +179,7 @@ proc do_options {} {
 			i-* {
 				regexp -- {-(\d+)\.\.(\d+)$} $type _junk min max
 				${NS}::frame $w.$f.$optid
-				${NS}::label $w.$f.$optid.l -text "$text:"
+				${NS}::label $w.$f.$optid.l -text [mc "%s:" $text]
 				pack $w.$f.$optid.l -side left -anchor w -fill x
 				tspinbox $w.$f.$optid.v \
 					-textvariable ${f}_config_new($name) \
@@ -193,7 +194,7 @@ proc do_options {} {
 			c -
 			t {
 				${NS}::frame $w.$f.$optid
-				${NS}::label $w.$f.$optid.l -text "$text:"
+				${NS}::label $w.$f.$optid.l -text [mc "%s:" $text]
 				${NS}::entry $w.$f.$optid.v \
 					-width 20 \
 					-textvariable ${f}_config_new($name)
@@ -216,7 +217,7 @@ proc do_options {} {
 			s {
 				set opts [eval [lindex $option 3]]
 				${NS}::frame $w.$f.$optid
-				${NS}::label $w.$f.$optid.l -text "$text:"
+				${NS}::label $w.$f.$optid.l -text [mc "%s:" $text]
 				if {$use_ttk} {
 					ttk::combobox $w.$f.$optid.v \
 						-textvariable ${f}_config_new($name) \
@@ -278,7 +279,7 @@ proc do_options {} {
 			[font configure $font -size]
 
 		${NS}::frame $w.global.$name
-		${NS}::label $w.global.$name.l -text "$text:"
+		${NS}::label $w.global.$name.l -text [mc "%s:" $text]
 		${NS}::button $w.global.$name.b \
 			-text [mc "Change Font"] \
 			-command [list \
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/remote.tcl b/git-gui/lib/remote.tcl
index 4e5c784418..ef77ed7399 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/remote.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/remote.tcl
@@ -246,22 +246,22 @@ proc update_all_remotes_menu_entry {} {
 	if {$have_remote > 1} {
 		make_sure_remote_submenues_exist $remote_m
 		if {[$fetch_m type end] eq "command" \
-			&& [$fetch_m entrycget end -label] ne "All"} {
+				&& [$fetch_m entrycget end -label] ne [mc "All"]} {
 
 			$fetch_m insert end separator
 			$fetch_m insert end command \
-				-label "All" \
+				-label [mc "All"] \
 				-command fetch_from_all
 
 			$prune_m insert end separator
 			$prune_m insert end command \
-				-label "All" \
+				-label [mc "All"] \
 				-command prune_from_all
 		}
 	} else {
 		if {[winfo exists $fetch_m]} {
 			if {[$fetch_m type end] eq "command" \
-				&& [$fetch_m entrycget end -label] eq "All"} {
+					&& [$fetch_m entrycget end -label] eq [mc "All"]} {
 
 				delete_from_menu $fetch_m end
 				delete_from_menu $fetch_m end
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/remote_add.tcl b/git-gui/lib/remote_add.tcl
index 50029d0cee..480a6b30d0 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/remote_add.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/remote_add.tcl
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ constructor dialog {} {
 
 	make_dialog top w
 	wm withdraw $top
-	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Add Remote"]]
+	wm title $top [mc "%s (%s): Add Remote" [appname] [reponame]]
 	if {$top ne {.}} {
 		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
 	}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl b/git-gui/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl
index fcc06d03a1..5ba9fcadd1 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ constructor dialog {} {
 	global all_remotes M1B use_ttk NS
 
 	make_dialog top w
-	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Delete Branch Remotely"]]
+	wm title $top [mc "%s (%s): Delete Branch Remotely" [appname] [reponame]]
 	if {$top ne {.}} {
 		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
 	}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/shortcut.tcl b/git-gui/lib/shortcut.tcl
index 78878ef89d..97d1d7aa02 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/shortcut.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/shortcut.tcl
@@ -5,17 +5,20 @@ proc do_windows_shortcut {} {
 	global _gitworktree
 	set fn [tk_getSaveFile \
 		-parent . \
-		-title [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Create Desktop Icon"]] \
+		-title [mc "%s (%s): Create Desktop Icon" [appname] [reponame]] \
 		-initialfile "Git [reponame].lnk"]
 	if {$fn != {}} {
 		if {[file extension $fn] ne {.lnk}} {
 			set fn ${fn}.lnk
 		}
+		# Use git-gui.exe if available (ie: git-for-windows)
+		set cmdLine [auto_execok git-gui.exe]
+		if {$cmdLine eq {}} {
+			set cmdLine [list [info nameofexecutable] \
+							 [file normalize $::argv0]]
+		}
 		if {[catch {
-				win32_create_lnk $fn [list \
-					[info nameofexecutable] \
-					[file normalize $::argv0] \
-					] \
+				win32_create_lnk $fn $cmdLine \
 					[file normalize $_gitworktree]
 			} err]} {
 			error_popup [strcat [mc "Cannot write shortcut:"] "\n\n$err"]
@@ -37,7 +40,7 @@ proc do_cygwin_shortcut {} {
 	}
 	set fn [tk_getSaveFile \
 		-parent . \
-		-title [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Create Desktop Icon"]] \
+		-title [mc "%s (%s): Create Desktop Icon" [appname] [reponame]] \
 		-initialdir $desktop \
 		-initialfile "Git [reponame].lnk"]
 	if {$fn != {}} {
@@ -69,7 +72,7 @@ proc do_macosx_app {} {
 
 	set fn [tk_getSaveFile \
 		-parent . \
-		-title [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Create Desktop Icon"]] \
+		-title [mc "%s (%s): Create Desktop Icon" [appname] [reponame]] \
 		-initialdir [file join $env(HOME) Desktop] \
 		-initialfile "Git [reponame].app"]
 	if {$fn != {}} {
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/sshkey.tcl b/git-gui/lib/sshkey.tcl
index aa6457bbb5..589ff8f78a 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/sshkey.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/sshkey.tcl
@@ -2,7 +2,10 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
 
 proc find_ssh_key {} {
-	foreach name {~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ~/.ssh/identity.pub} {
+	foreach name {
+		~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa.pub ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
+		~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ~/.ssh/identity.pub
+	} {
 		if {[file exists $name]} {
 			set fh    [open $name r]
 			set cont  [read $fh]
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/themed.tcl b/git-gui/lib/themed.tcl
index 8b88d3678b..88b3119a75 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/themed.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/themed.tcl
@@ -1,6 +1,14 @@
 # Functions for supporting the use of themed Tk widgets in git-gui.
 # Copyright (C) 2009 Pat Thoyts <patthoyts@users.sourceforge.net>
 
+proc ttk_get_current_theme {} {
+	# Handle either current Tk or older versions of 8.5
+	if {[catch {set theme [ttk::style theme use]}]} {
+		set theme  $::ttk::currentTheme
+	}
+	return $theme
+}
+
 proc InitTheme {} {
 	# Create a color label style (bg can be overridden by widget option)
 	ttk::style layout Color.TLabel {
@@ -28,10 +36,7 @@ proc InitTheme {} {
 		}
 	}
 
-	# Handle either current Tk or older versions of 8.5
-	if {[catch {set theme [ttk::style theme use]}]} {
-		set theme  $::ttk::currentTheme
-	}
+	set theme [ttk_get_current_theme]
 
 	if {[lsearch -exact {default alt classic clam} $theme] != -1} {
 		# Simple override of standard ttk::entry to change the field
@@ -78,6 +83,57 @@ proc InitTheme {} {
 	}
 }
 
+# Define a style used for the surround of text widgets.
+proc InitEntryFrame {} {
+	ttk::style theme settings default {
+		ttk::style layout EntryFrame {
+			EntryFrame.field -sticky nswe -border 0 -children {
+				EntryFrame.fill -sticky nswe -children {
+					EntryFrame.padding -sticky nswe
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		ttk::style configure EntryFrame -padding 1 -relief sunken
+		ttk::style map EntryFrame -background {}
+	}
+	ttk::style theme settings classic {
+		ttk::style configure EntryFrame -padding 2 -relief sunken
+		ttk::style map EntryFrame -background {}
+	}
+	ttk::style theme settings alt {
+		ttk::style configure EntryFrame -padding 2
+		ttk::style map EntryFrame -background {}
+	}
+	ttk::style theme settings clam {
+		ttk::style configure EntryFrame -padding 2
+		ttk::style map EntryFrame -background {}
+	}
+
+	# Ignore errors for missing native themes
+	catch {
+		ttk::style theme settings winnative {
+			ttk::style configure EntryFrame -padding 2
+		}
+		ttk::style theme settings xpnative {
+			ttk::style configure EntryFrame -padding 1
+			ttk::style element create EntryFrame.field vsapi \
+				EDIT 1 {disabled 4 focus 3 active 2 {} 1} -padding 1
+		}
+		ttk::style theme settings vista {
+			ttk::style configure EntryFrame -padding 2
+			ttk::style element create EntryFrame.field vsapi \
+				EDIT 6 {disabled 4 focus 3 active 2 {} 1} -padding 2
+		}
+	}
+
+	bind EntryFrame <Enter> {%W instate !disabled {%W state active}}
+	bind EntryFrame <Leave> {%W state !active}
+	bind EntryFrame <<ThemeChanged>> {
+		set pad [ttk::style lookup EntryFrame -padding]
+		%W configure -padding [expr {$pad eq {} ? 1 : $pad}]
+	}
+}
+
 proc gold_frame {w args} {
 	global use_ttk
 	if {$use_ttk} {
@@ -123,7 +179,7 @@ proc paddedlabel {w args} {
 # place a themed frame over the surface.
 proc Dialog {w args} {
 	eval [linsert $args 0 toplevel $w -class Dialog]
-	catch {wm attributes $w -type dialog}	
+	catch {wm attributes $w -type dialog}
 	pave_toplevel $w
 	return $w
 }
@@ -193,6 +249,40 @@ proc tspinbox {w args} {
 	}
 }
 
+# Create a text widget with any theme specific properties.
+proc ttext {w args} {
+	global use_ttk
+	if {$use_ttk} {
+		switch -- [ttk_get_current_theme] {
+			"vista" - "xpnative" {
+				lappend args -highlightthickness 0 -borderwidth 0
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	set w [eval [linsert $args 0 text $w]]
+	if {$use_ttk} {
+		if {[winfo class [winfo parent $w]] eq "EntryFrame"} {
+			bind $w <FocusIn> {[winfo parent %W] state focus}
+			bind $w <FocusOut> {[winfo parent %W] state !focus}
+		}
+	}
+	return $w
+}
+
+# themed frame suitable for surrounding a text field.
+proc textframe {w args} {
+	global use_ttk
+	if {$use_ttk} {
+		if {[catch {ttk::style layout EntryFrame}]} {
+			InitEntryFrame
+		}
+		eval [linsert $args 0 ttk::frame $w -class EntryFrame -style EntryFrame]
+	} else {
+		eval [linsert $args 0 frame $w]
+	}
+	return $w
+}
+
 proc tentry {w args} {
 	global use_ttk
 	if {$use_ttk} {
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/tools.tcl b/git-gui/lib/tools.tcl
index 6ec94113db..413f1a1700 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/tools.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/tools.tcl
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ proc tools_populate_one {fullname} {
 proc tools_exec {fullname} {
 	global repo_config env current_diff_path
 	global current_branch is_detached
+	global selected_paths
 
 	if {[is_config_true "guitool.$fullname.needsfile"]} {
 		if {$current_diff_path eq {}} {
@@ -100,6 +101,7 @@ proc tools_exec {fullname} {
 
 	set env(GIT_GUITOOL) $fullname
 	set env(FILENAME) $current_diff_path
+	set env(FILENAMES) [join [array names selected_paths] \n]
 	if {$is_detached} {
 		set env(CUR_BRANCH) ""
 	} else {
@@ -121,6 +123,7 @@ proc tools_exec {fullname} {
 
 	unset env(GIT_GUITOOL)
 	unset env(FILENAME)
+	unset env(FILENAMES)
 	unset env(CUR_BRANCH)
 	catch { unset env(ARGS) }
 	catch { unset env(REVISION) }
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/tools_dlg.tcl b/git-gui/lib/tools_dlg.tcl
index 7eeda9daf2..c05413ce43 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/tools_dlg.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/tools_dlg.tcl
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ constructor dialog {} {
 	global repo_config use_ttk NS
 
 	make_dialog top w
-	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Add Tool"]]
+	wm title $top [mc "%s (%s): Add Tool" [appname] [reponame]]
 	if {$top ne {.}} {
 		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
 		wm transient $top .
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ constructor dialog {} {
 	load_config 1
 
 	make_dialog top w
-	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Remove Tool"]]
+	wm title $top [mc "%s (%s): Remove Tool" [appname] [reponame]]
 	if {$top ne {.}} {
 		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
 		wm transient $top .
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ constructor dialog {fullname} {
 	}
 
 	make_dialog top w -autodelete 0
-	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " $title]
+	wm title $top "[mc "%s (%s):" [appname] [reponame]] $title"
 	if {$top ne {.}} {
 		wm geometry $top "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
 		wm transient $top .
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl b/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl
index e5d211edea..a1a424aab5 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ proc do_push_anywhere {} {
 	bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w.buttons.create"
 	bind $w <Key-Escape> "destroy $w"
 	bind $w <Key-Return> [list start_push_anywhere_action $w]
-	wm title $w [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Push"]]
+	wm title $w [mc "%s (%s): Push" [appname] [reponame]]
 	wm deiconify $w
 	tkwait window $w
 }
diff --git a/git-gui/macosx/AppMain.tcl b/git-gui/macosx/AppMain.tcl
index 738bdd03ed..b6c6dc3500 100644
--- a/git-gui/macosx/AppMain.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/macosx/AppMain.tcl
@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 set gitexecdir {@@gitexecdir@@}
-set gitguilib  {@@GITGUI_LIBDIR@@}
+if { [info exists ::env(GIT_GUI_LIB_DIR) ] } {
+	set gitguilib $::env(GIT_GUI_LIB_DIR)
+} else {
+	set gitguilib {@@GITGUI_LIBDIR@@}
+}
+
 set env(PATH) "$gitexecdir:$env(PATH)"
 
 if {[string first -psn [lindex $argv 0]] == 0} {
diff --git a/git-gui/po/README b/git-gui/po/README
index 0f5837d48e..2514bc22ab 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/README
+++ b/git-gui/po/README
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ to contribute an update.  This may be because you would want to improve
 the translation of existing messages, or because the git-gui software
 itself was updated and there are new messages that need translation.
 
-In any case, make sure you are up-to-date before starting your work:
+In any case, make sure you are up to date before starting your work:
 
 	$ git checkout master
 	$ git pull
diff --git a/git-gui/po/bg.po b/git-gui/po/bg.po
index 89b3a4e53d..5af78f15a8 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/bg.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/bg.po
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 # Bulgarian translation of git-gui po-file.
-# Copyright (C) 2012, 2013, 2014 Alexander Shopov <ash@kambanaria.org>.
+# Copyright (C) 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 Alexander Shopov <ash@kambanaria.org>.
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the git package.
-# Alexander Shopov <ash@kambanaria.org>, 2012, 2013, 2014.
+# Alexander Shopov <ash@kambanaria.org>, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016.
 #
 #
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: git-gui master\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-01-13 20:45+0200\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-01-13 21:31+0200\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-10-13 15:16+0300\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-10-13 15:16+0300\n"
 "Last-Translator: Alexander Shopov <ash@kambanaria.org>\n"
 "Language-Team: Bulgarian <dict@fsa-bg.org>\n"
 "Language: bg\n"
@@ -18,33 +18,33 @@ msgstr ""
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:859
+#: git-gui.sh:865
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
-msgstr "Указан е неправилен шрифт в %s:"
+msgstr "Указан е неправилен шрифт в „%s“:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:912
+#: git-gui.sh:919
 msgid "Main Font"
 msgstr "О�новен шрифт"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:913
+#: git-gui.sh:920
 msgid "Diff/Console Font"
 msgstr "Шрифт за разликите/конзолата"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:928 git-gui.sh:942 git-gui.sh:955 git-gui.sh:1045
-#: git-gui.sh:1064 git-gui.sh:3115
+#: git-gui.sh:935 git-gui.sh:949 git-gui.sh:962 git-gui.sh:1052 git-gui.sh:1071
+#: git-gui.sh:3147
 msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
 msgstr "git-gui: фатална грешка"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:929
+#: git-gui.sh:936
 msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
 msgstr "Командата git лип�ва в път� (PATH)."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:956
+#: git-gui.sh:963
 msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
 msgstr "�изът � вер�и�та на Git не може да бъде интерпретиран:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:981
+#: git-gui.sh:988
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Git version cannot be determined.\n"
@@ -57,504 +57,512 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Вер�и�та на Git не може да бъде определена.\n"
 "\n"
-"Вер�и�та на %s изглежда, че е „%s“.\n"
+"Вер�и�та на „%s“ изглежда, че е „%s“.\n"
 "\n"
-"%s изи�ква Git, вер�и� поне 1.5.0.\n"
+"„%s“ изи�ква Git, вер�и� поне 1.5.0.\n"
 "\n"
-"Да �е приеме ли, че „%s“ е вер�и� 1.5.0?\n"
+"Да �е приеме ли, че „%s“ е вер�и� „1.5.0“?\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1278
+#: git-gui.sh:1285
 msgid "Git directory not found:"
 msgstr "Директори�та на Git не е открита:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1312
+#: git-gui.sh:1319
 msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
 msgstr "�е може да �е премине към родител�ката  директори�."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1320
+#: git-gui.sh:1327
 msgid "Cannot use bare repository:"
 msgstr "Голо хранилище не може да �е използва:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1328
+#: git-gui.sh:1335
 msgid "No working directory"
 msgstr "Работната директори� лип�ва"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1500 lib/checkout_op.tcl:306
+#: git-gui.sh:1507 lib/checkout_op.tcl:306
 msgid "Refreshing file status..."
 msgstr "Обнов�ване на �ъ�то�нието на файла…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1560
+#: git-gui.sh:1567
 msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
 msgstr "Проверка за променени файлове…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1632
+#: git-gui.sh:1645
 msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
-msgstr "Куката prepare-commit-msg �е изпълн�ва в момента…"
+msgstr "Куката „prepare-commit-msg“ �е изпълн�ва в момента…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1649
+#: git-gui.sh:1662
 msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
-msgstr "Подаването е отхвърлено от куката prepare-commit-msg."
+msgstr "Подаването е отхвърлено от куката „prepare-commit-msg“."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1807 lib/browser.tcl:252
+#: git-gui.sh:1820 lib/browser.tcl:252
 msgid "Ready."
 msgstr "Готово."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1965
+#: git-gui.sh:1984
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Displaying only %s of %s files."
-msgstr "Показване на �амо %s от %s файла."
+msgid ""
+"Display limit (gui.maxfilesdisplayed = %s) reached, not showing all %s files."
+msgstr ""
+"До�тигнат е мак�имални�т размер на �пи�ъка за извеждане(gui."
+"maxfilesdisplayed = %s), �ъответно не �а показани в�ички %s файла."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2091
+#: git-gui.sh:2107
 msgid "Unmodified"
 msgstr "�епроменен"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2093
+#: git-gui.sh:2109
 msgid "Modified, not staged"
 msgstr "Променен, но не е в индек�а"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2094 git-gui.sh:2106
+#: git-gui.sh:2110 git-gui.sh:2122
 msgid "Staged for commit"
 msgstr "В индек�а за подаване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2095 git-gui.sh:2107
+#: git-gui.sh:2111 git-gui.sh:2123
 msgid "Portions staged for commit"
 msgstr "Ча�ти �а в индек�а за подаване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2096 git-gui.sh:2108
+#: git-gui.sh:2112 git-gui.sh:2124
 msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
 msgstr "В индек�а за подаване, но лип�ва"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2098
+#: git-gui.sh:2114
 msgid "File type changed, not staged"
 msgstr "Видът на файла е �менен, но не е в индек�а"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2099 git-gui.sh:2100
+#: git-gui.sh:2115 git-gui.sh:2116
 msgid "File type changed, old type staged for commit"
-msgstr "Видът на файла е �менен, в индек�а е �тари�т"
+msgstr "Видът на файла е �менен, но нови�т вид не е в индек�а"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2101
+#: git-gui.sh:2117
 msgid "File type changed, staged"
 msgstr "Видът на файла е �менен и е в индек�а"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2102
+#: git-gui.sh:2118
 msgid "File type change staged, modification not staged"
-msgstr "Видът на файла е �менен, пром�ната не е в индек�а"
+msgstr "Видът на файла е �менен в индек�а, но не и �ъдържанието"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2103
+#: git-gui.sh:2119
 msgid "File type change staged, file missing"
-msgstr "Видът на файла е �менен, файлът лип�ва"
+msgstr "Видът на файла е �менен в индек�а, но файлът лип�ва"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2105
+#: git-gui.sh:2121
 msgid "Untracked, not staged"
 msgstr "�е�леден"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2110
+#: git-gui.sh:2126
 msgid "Missing"
 msgstr "Лип�ващ"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2111
+#: git-gui.sh:2127
 msgid "Staged for removal"
 msgstr "В индек�а за изтриване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2112
+#: git-gui.sh:2128
 msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
 msgstr "В индек�а за изтриване, но още го има"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2114 git-gui.sh:2115 git-gui.sh:2116 git-gui.sh:2117
-#: git-gui.sh:2118 git-gui.sh:2119
+#: git-gui.sh:2130 git-gui.sh:2131 git-gui.sh:2132 git-gui.sh:2133
+#: git-gui.sh:2134 git-gui.sh:2135
 msgid "Requires merge resolution"
 msgstr "Изи�ква коригиране при �ливане"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2154
+#: git-gui.sh:2170
 msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
-msgstr "Стартиране на gitk…, изчакайте…"
+msgstr "Стартиране на „gitk“…, изчакайте…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2166
+#: git-gui.sh:2182
 msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
-msgstr "В пътищата, определени от променливата PATH, лип�ва изпълним gitk"
+msgstr "Командата „gitk“ лип�ва в пътищата, определени от променливата PATH."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2225
+#: git-gui.sh:2241
 msgid "Couldn't find git gui in PATH"
-msgstr "В пътищата, определени от променливата PATH, лип�ва изпълним git gui"
+msgstr ""
+"Командата „git gui“ лип�ва в пътищата, определени от променливата PATH."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2644 lib/choose_repository.tcl:40
+#: git-gui.sh:2676 lib/choose_repository.tcl:41
 msgid "Repository"
 msgstr "Хранилище"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2645
+#: git-gui.sh:2677
 msgid "Edit"
 msgstr "Редактиране"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2647 lib/choose_rev.tcl:567
+#: git-gui.sh:2679 lib/choose_rev.tcl:567
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "Клон"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2650 lib/choose_rev.tcl:554
+#: git-gui.sh:2682 lib/choose_rev.tcl:554
 msgid "Commit@@noun"
 msgstr "Подаване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2653 lib/merge.tcl:123 lib/merge.tcl:152 lib/merge.tcl:170
+#: git-gui.sh:2685 lib/merge.tcl:127 lib/merge.tcl:174
 msgid "Merge"
 msgstr "Сливане"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2654 lib/choose_rev.tcl:563
+#: git-gui.sh:2686 lib/choose_rev.tcl:563
 msgid "Remote"
 msgstr "Отдалечено хранилище"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2657
+#: git-gui.sh:2689
 msgid "Tools"
 msgstr "Команди"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2666
+#: git-gui.sh:2698
 msgid "Explore Working Copy"
 msgstr "Разглеждане на работното копие"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2672
+#: git-gui.sh:2704
 msgid "Git Bash"
-msgstr "Bash на Git"
+msgstr "Bash за Git"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2682
+#: git-gui.sh:2714
 msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
 msgstr "Разглеждане на файловете в текущи� клон"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2686
+#: git-gui.sh:2718
 msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
-msgstr "Разглеждане на текущи� клон"
+msgstr "Разглеждане на текущи� клон…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2691
+#: git-gui.sh:2723
 msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
 msgstr "Визуализаци� на и�тори�та на текущи� клон"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2695
+#: git-gui.sh:2727
 msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
 msgstr "Визуализаци� на и�тори�та на в�ички клонове"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2702
+#: git-gui.sh:2734
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Browse %s's Files"
-msgstr "Разглеждане на файловете в %s"
+msgstr "Разглеждане на файловете в „%s“"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2704
+#: git-gui.sh:2736
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Visualize %s's History"
-msgstr "Визуализаци� на и�тори�та на %s"
+msgstr "Визуализаци� на и�тори�та на „%s“"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2709 lib/database.tcl:40 lib/database.tcl:66
+#: git-gui.sh:2741 lib/database.tcl:40
 msgid "Database Statistics"
 msgstr "Стати�тика на базата от данни"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2712 lib/database.tcl:33
+#: git-gui.sh:2744 lib/database.tcl:33
 msgid "Compress Database"
 msgstr "Компре�иране на базата от данни"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2715
+#: git-gui.sh:2747
 msgid "Verify Database"
 msgstr "Проверка на базата от данни"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2722 git-gui.sh:2726 git-gui.sh:2730 lib/shortcut.tcl:8
-#: lib/shortcut.tcl:40 lib/shortcut.tcl:72
+#: git-gui.sh:2754 git-gui.sh:2758 git-gui.sh:2762
 msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
 msgstr "Добав�не на икона на работни� плот"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2738 lib/choose_repository.tcl:192 lib/choose_repository.tcl:200
+#: git-gui.sh:2770 lib/choose_repository.tcl:193 lib/choose_repository.tcl:201
 msgid "Quit"
 msgstr "Спиране на програмата"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2746
+#: git-gui.sh:2778
 msgid "Undo"
 msgstr "Отм�на"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2749
+#: git-gui.sh:2781
 msgid "Redo"
 msgstr "Повторение"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2753 git-gui.sh:3348
+#: git-gui.sh:2785 git-gui.sh:3399
 msgid "Cut"
 msgstr "Отр�зване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2756 git-gui.sh:3351 git-gui.sh:3425 git-gui.sh:3510
+#: git-gui.sh:2788 git-gui.sh:3402 git-gui.sh:3476 git-gui.sh:3562
 #: lib/console.tcl:69
 msgid "Copy"
 msgstr "Копиране"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2759 git-gui.sh:3354
+#: git-gui.sh:2791 git-gui.sh:3405
 msgid "Paste"
 msgstr "По�тав�не"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2762 git-gui.sh:3357 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:39
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:28
+#: git-gui.sh:2794 git-gui.sh:3408 lib/branch_delete.tcl:28
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:39
 msgid "Delete"
 msgstr "Изтриване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2766 git-gui.sh:3361 git-gui.sh:3514 lib/console.tcl:71
+#: git-gui.sh:2798 git-gui.sh:3412 git-gui.sh:3566 lib/console.tcl:71
 msgid "Select All"
 msgstr "Избиране на в�ичко"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2775
+#: git-gui.sh:2807
 msgid "Create..."
 msgstr "Създаване…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2781
+#: git-gui.sh:2813
 msgid "Checkout..."
 msgstr "Изтегл�не…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2787
+#: git-gui.sh:2819
 msgid "Rename..."
 msgstr "Преименуване…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2792
+#: git-gui.sh:2824
 msgid "Delete..."
 msgstr "Изтриване…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2797
+#: git-gui.sh:2829
 msgid "Reset..."
 msgstr "Отм�на на промените…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2807
+#: git-gui.sh:2839
 msgid "Done"
 msgstr "Готово"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2809
+#: git-gui.sh:2841
 msgid "Commit@@verb"
 msgstr "Подаване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2818 git-gui.sh:3289
+#: git-gui.sh:2850 git-gui.sh:3335
 msgid "New Commit"
-msgstr "Подаване"
+msgstr "�ово подаване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2826 git-gui.sh:3296
+#: git-gui.sh:2858 git-gui.sh:3342
 msgid "Amend Last Commit"
 msgstr "Поправ�не на по�ледното подаване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2836 git-gui.sh:3250 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:101
+#: git-gui.sh:2868 git-gui.sh:3296 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:101
 msgid "Rescan"
 msgstr "Обнов�ване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2842
+#: git-gui.sh:2874
 msgid "Stage To Commit"
 msgstr "Към индек�а за подаване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2848
+#: git-gui.sh:2880
 msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
 msgstr "В�ички променени файлове към индек�а за подаване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2854
+#: git-gui.sh:2886
 msgid "Unstage From Commit"
 msgstr "Изваждане от индек�а за подаване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2860 lib/index.tcl:442
+#: git-gui.sh:2892 lib/index.tcl:442
 msgid "Revert Changes"
 msgstr "Връщане на оригинала"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2868 git-gui.sh:3561 git-gui.sh:3592
+#: git-gui.sh:2900 git-gui.sh:3613 git-gui.sh:3644
 msgid "Show Less Context"
 msgstr "По-малко контек�т"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2872 git-gui.sh:3565 git-gui.sh:3596
+#: git-gui.sh:2904 git-gui.sh:3617 git-gui.sh:3648
 msgid "Show More Context"
 msgstr "Повече контек�т"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2879 git-gui.sh:3263 git-gui.sh:3372
+#: git-gui.sh:2911 git-gui.sh:3309 git-gui.sh:3423
 msgid "Sign Off"
 msgstr "Подпи�ване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2895
+#: git-gui.sh:2927
 msgid "Local Merge..."
 msgstr "Локално �ливане…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2900
+#: git-gui.sh:2932
 msgid "Abort Merge..."
 msgstr "Преу�танов�ване на �ливане…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2912 git-gui.sh:2940
+#: git-gui.sh:2944 git-gui.sh:2972
 msgid "Add..."
 msgstr "Добав�не…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2916
+#: git-gui.sh:2948
 msgid "Push..."
-msgstr "Избутване…"
+msgstr "Изтла�кване…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2920
+#: git-gui.sh:2952
 msgid "Delete Branch..."
 msgstr "Изтриване на клон…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2930 git-gui.sh:3543
+#: git-gui.sh:2962 git-gui.sh:3595
 msgid "Options..."
 msgstr "Опции…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2941
+#: git-gui.sh:2973
 msgid "Remove..."
 msgstr "Премахване…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2950 lib/choose_repository.tcl:54
+#: git-gui.sh:2982 lib/choose_repository.tcl:55
 msgid "Help"
 msgstr "Помощ"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2954 git-gui.sh:2958 lib/choose_repository.tcl:48
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:57 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: git-gui.sh:2986 git-gui.sh:2990 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:49 lib/choose_repository.tcl:58
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "About %s"
 msgstr "Отно�но %s"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2982
+#: git-gui.sh:3014
 msgid "Online Documentation"
 msgstr "Документаци� в Интернет"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2985 lib/choose_repository.tcl:51 lib/choose_repository.tcl:60
+#: git-gui.sh:3017 lib/choose_repository.tcl:52 lib/choose_repository.tcl:61
 msgid "Show SSH Key"
 msgstr "Показване на ключа за SSH"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3004 git-gui.sh:3136
+#: git-gui.sh:3032 git-gui.sh:3164
+msgid "usage:"
+msgstr "употреба:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3036 git-gui.sh:3168
 msgid "Usage"
 msgstr "Употреба"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3085 lib/blame.tcl:573
+#: git-gui.sh:3117 lib/blame.tcl:573
 msgid "Error"
 msgstr "Грешка"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3116
+#: git-gui.sh:3148
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
 msgstr ""
-"фатално: път�т %s не може да бъде открит: такъв файл или директори� н�ма"
+"Ф�Т�Л�� ГРЕШК�: път�т %s не може да бъде открит: такъв файл или директори� "
+"н�ма"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3149
+#: git-gui.sh:3181
 msgid "Current Branch:"
 msgstr "Текущ клон:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3175
-msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
-msgstr "Промени в индек�а (за подаване)"
-
-#: git-gui.sh:3195
+#: git-gui.sh:3206
 msgid "Unstaged Changes"
 msgstr "Промени извън индек�а"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3256
+#: git-gui.sh:3228
+msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
+msgstr "Промени в индек�а (за подаване)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3302
 msgid "Stage Changed"
 msgstr "Индек�ът е променен"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3275 lib/transport.tcl:137 lib/transport.tcl:229
+#: git-gui.sh:3321 lib/transport.tcl:137
 msgid "Push"
 msgstr "Изтла�кване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3310
+#: git-gui.sh:3356
 msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Първоначално �ъобщение при подаване:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3311
+#: git-gui.sh:3357
 msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Поправено �ъобщение при подаване:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3312
+#: git-gui.sh:3358
 msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Поправено първоначално �ъобщение при подаване:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3313
+#: git-gui.sh:3359
 msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Поправено �ъобщение при подаване �ъ� �ливане:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3314
+#: git-gui.sh:3360
 msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Съобщение при подаване �ъ� �ливане:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3315
+#: git-gui.sh:3361
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Съобщение при подаване:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3364 git-gui.sh:3518 lib/console.tcl:73
+#: git-gui.sh:3415 git-gui.sh:3570 lib/console.tcl:73
 msgid "Copy All"
 msgstr "Копиране на в�ичко"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3388 lib/blame.tcl:105
+#: git-gui.sh:3439 lib/blame.tcl:105
 msgid "File:"
 msgstr "Файл:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3506
+#: git-gui.sh:3558
 msgid "Refresh"
 msgstr "Обнов�ване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3527
+#: git-gui.sh:3579
 msgid "Decrease Font Size"
 msgstr "По-едър шрифт"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3531
+#: git-gui.sh:3583
 msgid "Increase Font Size"
 msgstr "По-дребен шрифт"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3539 lib/blame.tcl:294
+#: git-gui.sh:3591 lib/blame.tcl:294
 msgid "Encoding"
 msgstr "Кодиране"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3550
+#: git-gui.sh:3602
 msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
 msgstr "Прилагане/връщане на парче"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3555
+#: git-gui.sh:3607
 msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
 msgstr "Прилагане/връщане на ред"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3574
+#: git-gui.sh:3626
 msgid "Run Merge Tool"
 msgstr "Изпълнение на програмата за �ливане"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3579
+#: git-gui.sh:3631
 msgid "Use Remote Version"
 msgstr "Вер�и� от отдалеченото хранилище"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3583
+#: git-gui.sh:3635
 msgid "Use Local Version"
 msgstr "Локална вер�и�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3587
+#: git-gui.sh:3639
 msgid "Revert To Base"
 msgstr "Връщане към родител�ката вер�и�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3605
+#: git-gui.sh:3657
 msgid "Visualize These Changes In The Submodule"
 msgstr "Визуализиране на промените в подмодула"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3609
+#: git-gui.sh:3661
 msgid "Visualize Current Branch History In The Submodule"
 msgstr "Визуализаци� на и�тори�та на текущи� клон в и�тори�та за подмодула"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3613
+#: git-gui.sh:3665
 msgid "Visualize All Branch History In The Submodule"
 msgstr "Визуализаци� на и�тори�та на в�ички клони в и�тори�та за подмодула"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3618
+#: git-gui.sh:3670
 msgid "Start git gui In The Submodule"
 msgstr "Стартиране на „git gui“ за подмодула"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3653
+#: git-gui.sh:3705
 msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
 msgstr "Изваждане на парчето от подаването"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3655
+#: git-gui.sh:3707
 msgid "Unstage Lines From Commit"
 msgstr "Изваждане на редовете от подаването"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3657
+#: git-gui.sh:3709
 msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
 msgstr "Изваждане на реда от подаването"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3660
+#: git-gui.sh:3712
 msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
 msgstr "Добав�не на парчето за подаване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3662
+#: git-gui.sh:3714
 msgid "Stage Lines For Commit"
 msgstr "Добав�не на редовете за подаване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3664
+#: git-gui.sh:3716
 msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
 msgstr "Добав�не на реда за подаване"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3689
+#: git-gui.sh:3741
 msgid "Initializing..."
 msgstr "Инициализиране…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3832
+#: git-gui.sh:3886
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Possible environment issues exist.\n"
@@ -567,11 +575,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "Възможно е да има проблем �ъ� �редата.\n"
 "\n"
 "�ай-веро�тно �ледните променливи н�ма да бъдат\n"
-"взети под внимание от подпроце�ите Git изпълнени\n"
+"взети под внимание от подпроце�ите на Git\n"
 "от %s:\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3861
+#: git-gui.sh:3915
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "This is due to a known issue with the\n"
@@ -581,7 +589,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Това е познат проблем и �е дължи на\n"
 "вер�и�та на Tcl включена в Cygwin."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3866
+#: git-gui.sh:3920
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -593,203 +601,130 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "\n"
-"Добър заме�тител на %s\n"
-"е да по�тавите на�тройките user.name и\n"
-"user.email в лични� �и файл ~/.gitconfig.\n"
-
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
-msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
-msgstr "Тази програма за проверка на правопи�а не �е поддържа"
+"Добър заме�тител на „%s“\n"
+"е да по�тавите на�тройките „user.name“ и\n"
+"„user.email“ в лични� �и файл „~/.gitconfig“.\n"
 
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
-msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
-msgstr "Лип�ва програма за проверка на правопи�а"
-
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
-msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
-msgstr "�еправилни на�тройки на проверката на правопи�а"
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr "git-gui — графичен интерфей� за Git."
 
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#: lib/blame.tcl:73
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
-msgstr "Ползване на речник за език „%s“."
-
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
-msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
-msgstr "Програмата за правопи� даже не �тартира у�пешно."
-
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
-msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
-msgstr "�епозната програма за проверка на правопи�а"
-
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
-msgid "No Suggestions"
-msgstr "��ма предложени�"
-
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:388
-msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
-msgstr "�еочакван край на файл от програмата за проверка на правопи�а"
-
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
-msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
-msgstr "Грешка в програмата за проверка на правопи�а"
-
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:20
-msgid "Add Remote"
-msgstr "Добав�не на отдалечено хранилище"
-
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:25
-msgid "Add New Remote"
-msgstr "Добав�не на отдалечено хранилище"
-
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:30 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:37
-msgid "Add"
-msgstr "Добав�не"
-
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:34 lib/browser.tcl:292 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:30
-#: lib/transport.tcl:141 lib/branch_rename.tcl:32 lib/choose_font.tcl:45
-#: lib/option.tcl:127 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:41 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:202
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:345 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:43
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:579 lib/branch_create.tcl:37 lib/branch_delete.tcl:34
-#: lib/merge.tcl:174
-msgid "Cancel"
-msgstr "Отказване"
-
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:39
-msgid "Remote Details"
-msgstr "Данни за отдалеченото хранилище"
+msgid "%s (%s): File Viewer"
+msgstr "%s (%s): Преглед на файлове"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:41 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:51 lib/branch_create.tcl:44
-msgid "Name:"
-msgstr "Име:"
-
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
-msgid "Location:"
-msgstr "Ме�тоположение:"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:79
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr "Подаване:"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:60
-msgid "Further Action"
-msgstr "Следващо дей�твие"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:280
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr "Копиране на подаване"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:63
-msgid "Fetch Immediately"
-msgstr "�езабавно до�тав�не"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr "Тър�ене на тек�т…"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:69
-msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
-msgstr "Инициализиране на отдалеченото хранилище и изтла�кване на промените"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:288
+msgid "Goto Line..."
+msgstr "Към ред…"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:75
-msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
-msgstr "Да не �е прави нищо"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:297
+msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
+msgstr "Пълно тър�ене на копиране"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:100
-msgid "Please supply a remote name."
-msgstr "Задайте име за отдалеченото хранилище."
+#: lib/blame.tcl:301
+msgid "Show History Context"
+msgstr "Показване на контек�та от и�тори�та"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:113
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
-msgstr "Отдалечено хранилище не може да �е казва „%s“."
+#: lib/blame.tcl:304
+msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
+msgstr "�нотиране на родител�кото подаване"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:124
+#: lib/blame.tcl:466
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
-msgstr "�еу�пешно добав�не на отдалеченото хранилище „%s“ от адре� „%s“."
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr "Чете �е „%s“…"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:132 lib/transport.tcl:6
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "fetch %s"
-msgstr "до�тав�не на „%s“"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:594
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr "Зареждане на анотациите за про�лед�ване на копирането/преме�тването…"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Fetching the %s"
-msgstr "До�тав�не на „%s“"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:614
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr "реда анотирани"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:156
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
-msgstr "Хранилището � ме�тоположение „%s“ не може да бъде инициализирано."
+#: lib/blame.tcl:806
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr "Зареждане на анотациите за първоначалното ме�тоположение…"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:162 lib/transport.tcl:54 lib/transport.tcl:92
-#: lib/transport.tcl:110
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "push %s"
-msgstr "изтла�кване на „%s“"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:809
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr "�нотирането завърши."
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
-msgstr "Добав�не на хранилище „%s“ (� адре� „%s“)"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:839
+msgid "Busy"
+msgstr "Операци�та не е завършила"
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:17
-msgid "Starting..."
-msgstr "Стартиране…"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:840
+msgid "Annotation process is already running."
+msgstr "В момента тече проце� на анотиране."
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:27
-msgid "File Browser"
-msgstr "Файлов браузър"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:879
+msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
+msgstr "Изпълн�ва �е ц�ло�тен проце� на откриване на копиране…"
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:132 lib/browser.tcl:149
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Loading %s..."
-msgstr "Зареждане на „%s“…"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:947
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr "Зареждане на анотации…"
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:193
-msgid "[Up To Parent]"
-msgstr "[Към родител�]"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1000
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "�втор:"
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:275 lib/browser.tcl:282
-msgid "Browse Branch Files"
-msgstr "Разглеждане на файловете в клона"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1004
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Подал:"
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:288 lib/choose_repository.tcl:406
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:493 lib/choose_repository.tcl:502
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1029
-msgid "Browse"
-msgstr "Разглеждане"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1009
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr "Първоначален файл:"
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:297 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:35 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:321
-msgid "Revision"
-msgstr "Вер�и�"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1057
+msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
+msgstr "Подаването за връх „HEAD“ не може да �е открие:"
 
-#: lib/tools.tcl:75
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
-msgstr "За изпълнението на „%s“ тр�бва да изберете файл."
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1112
+msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
+msgstr "Родител�кото подаване не може да бъде открито"
 
-#: lib/tools.tcl:91
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Are you sure you want to run %1$s on file \"%2$s\"?"
-msgstr "Сигурни ли �те, че и�кате да �тартирате „%1$s“ върху „%2$s“?"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1127
+msgid "Unable to display parent"
+msgstr "Родител�т не може да бъде показан"
 
-#: lib/tools.tcl:95
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
-msgstr "Сигурни ли �те, че и�кате да �тартирате „%s“?"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1128 lib/diff.tcl:358
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "Грешка при зареждане на разлика:"
 
-#: lib/tools.tcl:116
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool: %s"
-msgstr "Команда: %s"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1269
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr "Първоначално от:"
 
-#: lib/tools.tcl:117
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Running: %s"
-msgstr "Изпълнение: %s"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1275
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr "Във файл:"
 
-#: lib/tools.tcl:155
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
-msgstr "Командата завърши у�пешно: %s"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1280
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr "Копирано или преме�тено тук от:"
 
-#: lib/tools.tcl:157
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:16
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool failed: %s"
-msgstr "Командата върна грешка: %s"
+msgid "%s (%s): Checkout Branch"
+msgstr "%s (%s): Клон за изтегл�не"
 
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:16 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:21
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:21
 msgid "Checkout Branch"
 msgstr "Клон за изтегл�не"
 
@@ -797,7 +732,19 @@ msgstr "Клон за изтегл�не"
 msgid "Checkout"
 msgstr "Изтегл�не"
 
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/option.tcl:309 lib/branch_create.tcl:69
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:30 lib/branch_create.tcl:37 lib/branch_delete.tcl:34
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:292 lib/checkout_op.tcl:579
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:45 lib/merge.tcl:178 lib/option.tcl:127
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:34 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:43 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:41
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:202 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:345 lib/transport.tcl:141
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Отказване"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:35 lib/browser.tcl:297 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:321
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr "Вер�и�"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:310
 msgid "Options"
 msgstr "Опции"
 
@@ -809,168 +756,129 @@ msgstr "ИзтеглÑ�не на промените от Ñ�ледениÑ� клоÐ
 msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
 msgstr "Изтриване от локални� клон"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:7
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
-msgstr "До�тав�не на промените от %s"
-
-#: lib/transport.tcl:18
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "remote prune %s"
-msgstr "ока�тр�не на �лед�щите клони към „%s“"
-
-#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:23
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
-msgstr "Ока�тр�не на �лед�щите клони на изтритите клони от „%s“"
-
-#: lib/transport.tcl:25
-msgid "fetch all remotes"
-msgstr "до�тав�не на в�ички хранилища"
-
-#: lib/transport.tcl:26
-msgid "Fetching new changes from all remotes"
-msgstr "До�тав�не на промените от в�ички отдалечени хранилища"
+msgid "%s (%s): Create Branch"
+msgstr "%s (%s): Създаване на клон"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:40
-msgid "remote prune all remotes"
-msgstr "ока�тр�не на в�ички клони �лед�щи изтрити клони"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:28
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr "Създаване на нов клон"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:41
-msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from all remotes"
-msgstr ""
-"Ока�тр�не на �лед�щите клони на изтритите клони от в�ички отдалечени "
-"хранилища"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:33 lib/choose_repository.tcl:407
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Създаване"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:55
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
-msgstr "Изтла�кване на промените към %s"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:42
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr "Име на клона"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:93
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Mirroring to %s"
-msgstr "Изтла�кване на в�ичко към „%s“"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:44 lib/remote_add.tcl:41 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:51
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Име:"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:111
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
-msgstr "Изтла�кване на %s %s към %s"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:57
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr "Съвпадане по името на �ледени� клон"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:132
-msgid "Push Branches"
-msgstr "Клони за изтла�кване"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr "�ачална вер�и�"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:147
-msgid "Source Branches"
-msgstr "Клони-източници"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr "Обнов�ване на �ъще�твуващ клон:"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:162
-msgid "Destination Repository"
-msgstr "Целево хранилище"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+msgid "No"
+msgstr "�е"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:165 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:51
-msgid "Remote:"
-msgstr "Отдалечено хранилище:"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr "Само тривиално превъртащо �ливане"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:187 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:72
-msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
-msgstr "Произволно ме�тоположение:"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:571
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr "Отначало"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:205
-msgid "Transfer Options"
-msgstr "�а�тройки при прена��нето"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr "Преминаване към клона �лед �ъздаването му"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:207
-msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
-msgstr ""
-"Изрично презапи�ване на �ъще�твуващ клон (н�кои промени може да бъдат "
-"загубени)"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:132
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr "Изберете клон за �ледени."
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:211
-msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
-msgstr "Мак�имална компре�и� (за бавни мрежови връзки)"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr "След�щи�т клон — „%s“, не �ъще�твува в отдалеченото хранилище."
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:215
-msgid "Include tags"
-msgstr "Включване на етикетите"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:154 lib/branch_rename.tcl:92
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr "Дайте име на клона."
 
-#: lib/status_bar.tcl:87
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:165 lib/branch_rename.tcl:112
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
-msgstr "%s… %*i от общо %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е използва за име на клон."
 
-#: lib/remote.tcl:200
-msgid "Push to"
-msgstr "Изтла�кване към"
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:16
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s (%s): Delete Branch"
+msgstr "%s (%s): Изтриване на клон"
 
-#: lib/remote.tcl:218
-msgid "Remove Remote"
-msgstr "Премахване на отдалечено хранилище"
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:21
+msgid "Delete Local Branch"
+msgstr "Изтриване на локален клон"
 
-#: lib/remote.tcl:223
-msgid "Prune from"
-msgstr "Ока�тр�не от"
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:39
+msgid "Local Branches"
+msgstr "Локални клони"
 
-#: lib/remote.tcl:228
-msgid "Fetch from"
-msgstr "До�тав�не от"
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:51
+msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
+msgstr "Изтриване, �амо ако промените �а �лети и другаде"
 
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
-msgid "No keys found."
-msgstr "�е �а открити ключове."
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:53 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:120
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr "Винаги (без проверка за �ливане)"
 
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
-msgstr "Открит е публичен ключ в „%s“"
-
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
-msgid "Generate Key"
-msgstr "Генериране на ключ"
-
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:55 lib/checkout_op.tcl:146 lib/console.tcl:81
-#: lib/database.tcl:30
-msgid "Close"
-msgstr "Затвар�не"
-
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:58
-msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
-msgstr "Копиране към �и�темни� буфер"
+msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
+msgstr "�е в�ички промени в клоните �а �лети в „%s“:"
 
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:72
-msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
-msgstr "Публични�т ви ключ за OpenSSH"
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:115 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:218
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"Въз�танов�ването на изтрити клони може да е трудно.\n"
+"\n"
+"Сигурни ли �те, че и�кате да триете?"
 
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:80
-msgid "Generating..."
-msgstr "Генериране…"
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:131
+#, tcl-format
+msgid " - %s:"
+msgstr " — „%s:“"
 
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:86
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
-"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
-"\n"
+"Failed to delete branches:\n"
 "%s"
 msgstr ""
-"Програмата „ssh-keygen“ не може да бъде �тартирана:\n"
-"\n"
+"�еу�пешно триене на клони:\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:113
-msgid "Generation failed."
-msgstr "�еу�пешно генериране."
-
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:120
-msgid "Generation succeeded, but no keys found."
-msgstr "Генерирането завърши у�пешно, а не �а намерени ключове."
-
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:123
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:15
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Your key is in: %s"
-msgstr "Ключът ви е в „%s“"
+msgid "%s (%s): Rename Branch"
+msgstr "%s (%s): Преименуване на клон"
 
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:15 lib/branch_rename.tcl:23
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:23
 msgid "Rename Branch"
 msgstr "Преименуване на клон"
 
@@ -990,1040 +898,471 @@ msgstr "�ово име:"
 msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
 msgstr "Изберете клон за преименуване."
 
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:92 lib/branch_create.tcl:154
-msgid "Please supply a branch name."
-msgstr "Дайте име на клона."
-
 #: lib/branch_rename.tcl:102 lib/checkout_op.tcl:202
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "Клонът „%s“ вече �ъще�твува."
 
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:112 lib/branch_create.tcl:165
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
-msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е използва за име на клон."
-
 #: lib/branch_rename.tcl:123
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
 msgstr "�еу�пешно преименуване на „%s“."
 
-#: lib/choose_font.tcl:41
-msgid "Select"
-msgstr "Избор"
-
-#: lib/choose_font.tcl:55
-msgid "Font Family"
-msgstr "Шрифт"
-
-#: lib/choose_font.tcl:76
-msgid "Font Size"
-msgstr "Размер"
-
-#: lib/choose_font.tcl:93
-msgid "Font Example"
-msgstr "Мо�тра"
-
-#: lib/choose_font.tcl:105
-msgid ""
-"This is example text.\n"
-"If you like this text, it can be your font."
-msgstr ""
-"Това е примерен тек�т.\n"
-"�ко ви харе�ва как изглежда, изберете този шрифт."
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:11
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
-msgstr "�еправилно глобално кодиране „%s“"
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr "Стартиране…"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:19
+#: lib/browser.tcl:27
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
-msgstr "�еправилно кодиране „%s“ на хранилището"
+msgid "%s (%s): File Browser"
+msgstr "%s (%s): Файлов браузър"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:119
-msgid "Restore Defaults"
-msgstr "Стандартни на�тройки"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:123
-msgid "Save"
-msgstr "Запазване"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:133
+#: lib/browser.tcl:132 lib/browser.tcl:149
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "%s Repository"
-msgstr "Хранилище „%s“"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:134
-msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
-msgstr "Глобално (за в�ички хранилища)"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:140
-msgid "User Name"
-msgstr "Потребител�ко име"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:141
-msgid "Email Address"
-msgstr "�дре� на е-поща"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:143
-msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
-msgstr "Обобщаване на подавани�та при �ливане"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:144
-msgid "Merge Verbosity"
-msgstr "Подробно�ти при �ливани�та"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:145
-msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
-msgstr "Извеждане на �тати�тика �лед �ливани�та"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:146
-msgid "Use Merge Tool"
-msgstr "Използване на програма за �ливане"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:148
-msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
-msgstr "Доверие във времето на пром�на на файловете"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:149
-msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
-msgstr "Ока�тр�не на �лед�щите клонове при до�тав�не"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:150
-msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
-msgstr "�апа�ване на �лед�щите клонове"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:151
-msgid "Use Textconv For Diffs and Blames"
-msgstr "Използване на „textconv“ за разликите и анотациите"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:152
-msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
-msgstr "�нотиране на копието �амо по променените файлове"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:153
-msgid "Maximum Length of Recent Repositories List"
-msgstr "Мак�имален брой �коро ползвани хранилища"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:154
-msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
-msgstr "Минимален брой знаци за анотиране на копието"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:155
-msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
-msgstr "И�ториче�ки обхват за анотиране в дни"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:156
-msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
-msgstr "Брой редове за контек�та при извеждане на разликите"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:157
-msgid "Additional Diff Parameters"
-msgstr "Допълнителни параметри за разликите"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:158
-msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
-msgstr "Широчина на тек�та на �ъобщението при подаване"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:159
-msgid "New Branch Name Template"
-msgstr "Шаблон за името на новите клони"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:160
-msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
-msgstr "Стандартно кодиране на файловете"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:161
-msgid "Warn before committing to a detached head"
-msgstr "Предупреждение при подаване към не�вързан връх"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:162
-msgid "Staging of untracked files"
-msgstr "Добав�не на не�ледените файлове към индек�а"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:163
-msgid "Show untracked files"
-msgstr "Показване на не�ледените файлове"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:209
-msgid "Change"
-msgstr "См�на"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:253
-msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
-msgstr "Правопи�ен речник:"
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr "Зареждане на „%s“…"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:283
-msgid "Change Font"
-msgstr "См�на на шрифта"
+#: lib/browser.tcl:193
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr "[Към родител�]"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:287
+#: lib/browser.tcl:275
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Choose %s"
-msgstr "Избор на „%s“"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:293
-msgid "pt."
-msgstr "тчк."
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:307
-msgid "Preferences"
-msgstr "�а�тройки"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:344
-msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
-msgstr "�еу�пешно запазване на на�тройките:"
-
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
-msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
-msgstr "Да �е използва базовата вер�и�"
+msgid "%s (%s): Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "%s (%s): Разглеждане на файловете в клона"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
-msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
-msgstr "Да �е използва вер�и�та от този клон"
-
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
-msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
-msgstr "Да �е използва вер�и�та от други� клон"
+#: lib/browser.tcl:282
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "Разглеждане на файловете в клона"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
-#, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
-"\n"
-"%s will be overwritten.\n"
-"\n"
-"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
-msgstr ""
-"Разликата показва �амо разликите � конфликт.\n"
-"\n"
-"Файлът „%s“ ще бъде презапи�ан.\n"
-"\n"
-"Тази операци� може да бъде отменена �амо чрез започване на �ливането наново."
+#: lib/browser.tcl:288 lib/choose_repository.tcl:422
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:509 lib/choose_repository.tcl:518
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1074
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr "Разглеждане"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:85
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
-msgstr ""
-"Изглежда, че във файла „%s“ в�е още има некоригирани конфликти. Да �е добави "
-"ли файлът към индек�а?"
+msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
+msgstr "До�тав�не на „%s“ от „%s“"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:133
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
-msgstr "Добав�не на корекци� на конфликтите в „%s“"
-
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
-msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
-msgstr ""
-"Конфликтите при �имволни връзки или изтриване не могат да бъдат коригирани � "
-"външна програма."
-
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
-msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
-msgstr "Файлът, в който е конфликтът, не �ъще�твува"
+msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
+msgstr "фатална грешка: „%s“ не може да �е открие"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:246
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
-msgstr "Това не е графична програма за �ливане: „%s“"
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:146 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:30
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:55
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Затвар�не"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:275
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:175
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
-msgstr "�еподдържана програма за �ливане: „%s“"
-
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:310
-msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
-msgstr "Програмата за �ливане вече е �тартирана. Да бъде ли изключена?"
+msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
+msgstr "Клонът „%s“ не �ъще�твува."
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:330
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:194
 #, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"Error retrieving versions:\n"
-"%s"
-msgstr ""
-"Грешка при изтегл�нето на вер�ии:\n"
-"%s"
+msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
+msgstr "�еу�пешно на�тройване на опро�тен git-pull за „%s“."
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:350
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:229
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
-"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
+"Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
 "\n"
-"%s"
+"It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
+"A merge is required."
 msgstr ""
-"Програмата за �ливане не може да бъде �тартирана:\n"
+"Клонът „%s“ �ъще�твува.\n"
 "\n"
-"%s"
-
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:354
-msgid "Running merge tool..."
-msgstr "Стартиране на програмата за �ливане…"
-
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:382 lib/mergetool.tcl:390
-msgid "Merge tool failed."
-msgstr "Грешка в програмата за �ливане."
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
-msgid "Add Tool"
-msgstr "Добав�не на команда"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
-msgid "Add New Tool Command"
-msgstr "Добав�не на команда"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:34
-msgid "Add globally"
-msgstr "Глобално добав�не"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:46
-msgid "Tool Details"
-msgstr "Подробно�ти за командата"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:49
-msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
-msgstr "За �ъздаване на подменюта използвайте за разделител знака „/“:"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:60
-msgid "Command:"
-msgstr "Команда:"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:71
-msgid "Show a dialog before running"
-msgstr "Преди изпълнение да �е извежда диалогов прозорец"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:77
-msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
-msgstr "Потребител�т да укаже вер�и� (задаване на променливата $REVISION)"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:82
-msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
-msgstr ""
-"Потребител�т да укаже допълнителни аргументи (задаване на променливата $ARGS)"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:89
-msgid "Don't show the command output window"
-msgstr "Без показване на прозорец � изхода от командата"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:94
-msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
-msgstr ""
-"Стартиране �амо �лед избор на разлика (променливата $FILENAME не е празна)"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:118
-msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
-msgstr "Задайте име за командата."
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:126
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
-msgstr "Командата „%s“ вече �ъще�твува."
+"Той не може да бъде тривиално �л�т до „%s“.\n"
+"�еобходимо е �ливане."
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:148
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:243
 #, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"Could not add tool:\n"
-"%s"
-msgstr ""
-"Командата не може да бъде добавена:\n"
-"%s"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:187
-msgid "Remove Tool"
-msgstr "Премахване на команда"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:193
-msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
-msgstr "Премахване на команди"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:198
-msgid "Remove"
-msgstr "Премахване"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:231
-msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
-msgstr "(команди към локалното хранилище �а обозначени в �иньо)"
+msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
+msgstr "Стратеги� за �ливане  „%s“ не �е поддържа."
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:292
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:262
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Run Command: %s"
-msgstr "Изпълнение на командата „%s“"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:306
-msgid "Arguments"
-msgstr "�ргументи"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:336 lib/checkout_op.tcl:567 lib/merge.tcl:166
-msgid "Visualize"
-msgstr "Визуализаци�"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:341
-msgid "OK"
-msgstr "Добре"
-
-#: lib/search.tcl:48
-msgid "Find:"
-msgstr "Тър�ене:"
-
-#: lib/search.tcl:50
-msgid "Next"
-msgstr "Следваща по�ва"
-
-#: lib/search.tcl:51
-msgid "Prev"
-msgstr "Предишна по�ва"
-
-#: lib/search.tcl:52
-msgid "RegExp"
-msgstr "Рег. изр."
-
-#: lib/search.tcl:54
-msgid "Case"
-msgstr "Реги�тър"
-
-#: lib/shortcut.tcl:21 lib/shortcut.tcl:62
-msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
-msgstr "Клавишната комбинаци� не може да бъде запазена:"
+msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
+msgstr "�еу�пешно обнов�ване на „%s“."
 
-#: lib/shortcut.tcl:137
-msgid "Cannot write icon:"
-msgstr "Иконата не може да бъде запазена:"
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:274
+msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
+msgstr "Индек�ът вече е заключен."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:64
-#, tcl-format
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:289
 msgid ""
-"No differences detected.\n"
-"\n"
-"%s has no changes.\n"
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
 "\n"
-"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
-"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
 "\n"
-"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
-"the same state."
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"�е �а открити разлики.\n"
-"\n"
-"��ма промени в „%s“.\n"
+"Съ�то�нието при по�ледната проверка не отговар� на �ъ�то�нието на "
+"хранилището.\n"
 "\n"
-"Времето на пром�на на файла е бил зададен от друга програма, но �ъдържанието "
-"му не е променено.\n"
+"��кой друг проце� за Git е променил хранилището междувременно. Съ�то�нието "
+"тр�бва да бъде проверено, преди да �е премине към нов клон.\n"
 "\n"
-"�втоматично ще започне нова проверка дали н�ма други файлове в това "
-"�ъ�то�ние."
+"�втоматично ще започне нова проверка.\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:104
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
-msgstr "Зареждане на разликите в „%s“…"
-
-#: lib/diff.tcl:125
-msgid ""
-"LOCAL: deleted\n"
-"REMOTE:\n"
-msgstr ""
-"ЛОК�Л�О: изтрит\n"
-"ОТД�ЛЕЧЕ�О:\n"
-
-#: lib/diff.tcl:130
-msgid ""
-"REMOTE: deleted\n"
-"LOCAL:\n"
-msgstr ""
-"ОТД�ЛЕЧЕ�О: изтрит\n"
-"ЛОК�Л�О:\n"
-
-#: lib/diff.tcl:137
-msgid "LOCAL:\n"
-msgstr "ЛОК�Л�О:\n"
+msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
+msgstr "Работната директори� �е привежда към „%s“…"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:140
-msgid "REMOTE:\n"
-msgstr "ОТД�ЛЕЧЕ�О:\n"
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:346
+msgid "files checked out"
+msgstr "файла �а изтеглени"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:202 lib/diff.tcl:337
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Unable to display %s"
-msgstr "�е може да бъде показан файлът „%s“"
-
-#: lib/diff.tcl:203
-msgid "Error loading file:"
-msgstr "Грешка при зареждане на файл:"
-
-#: lib/diff.tcl:210
-msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
-msgstr "Хранилище на Git (подпроект)"
+msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
+msgstr ""
+"Преу�танов�ване на изтегл�нето на „%s“ (необходимо е пофайлово �ливане)."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:222
-msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
-msgstr "� Двоичен файл (�ъдържанието не �е показва)."
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:377
+msgid "File level merge required."
+msgstr "�еобходимо е пофайлово �ливане."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:227
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:381
 #, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
-"* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"� �е�ледени�т файл е %d байта.\n"
-"� Показват �е �амо първите %d байта.\n"
+msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
+msgstr "О�таване върху клона „%s“."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:233
-#, tcl-format
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:452
 msgid ""
+"You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
 "\n"
-"* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
-"* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
+"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
+"Checkout'."
 msgstr ""
+"Вече не �те на локален клон.\n"
 "\n"
-"� �е�ледени�т файл е отр�зан дотук %s.\n"
-"� Използвайте външен редактор, за да видите цели� файл.\n"
-
-#: lib/diff.tcl:338 lib/blame.tcl:1128
-msgid "Error loading diff:"
-msgstr "Грешка при зареждане на разлика:"
-
-#: lib/diff.tcl:557
-msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
-msgstr "Избраното парче не може да бъде извадено от индек�а."
-
-#: lib/diff.tcl:564
-msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
-msgstr "Избраното парче не може да бъде добавен към индек�а."
-
-#: lib/diff.tcl:643
-msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
-msgstr "Избрани�т ред не може да бъде изваден от индек�а."
-
-#: lib/diff.tcl:651
-msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
-msgstr "Избрани�т ред не може да бъде добавен към индек�а."
-
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
-msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
-msgstr "Изтриване на отдалечени� клон"
-
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:48
-msgid "From Repository"
-msgstr "От хранилище"
+"�ко и�кате да �те на клон, �ъздайте базиран на „Това не�вързано изтегл�не“."
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:88
-msgid "Branches"
-msgstr "Клонове"
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:503 lib/checkout_op.tcl:507
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Checked out '%s'."
+msgstr "„%s“ е изтеглен."
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:110
-msgid "Delete Only If"
-msgstr "Изтриване, �амо ако"
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:535
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
+msgstr ""
+"Занул�ването на „%s“ към „%s“ ще доведе до загубването на �ледните подавани�:"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:112
-msgid "Merged Into:"
-msgstr "Сл�т в:"
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:557
+msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
+msgstr "Въз�танов�ването на загубените подавани� може да е трудно."
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:120 lib/branch_delete.tcl:53
-msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
-msgstr "Винаги (без проверка за �ливане)"
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:562
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset '%s'?"
+msgstr "Занул�ване на „%s“?"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:153
-msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
-msgstr "За данните „Сл�т в“ е необходимо да зададете клон."
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:567 lib/merge.tcl:170 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:336
+msgid "Visualize"
+msgstr "Визуализаци�"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:185
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:635
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
-"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"Failed to set current branch.\n"
 "\n"
-" - %s"
-msgstr ""
-"Следните клони не �а �лети напълно в „%s“:\n"
+"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
+"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
 "\n"
-" � %s"
-
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:190
-#, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
-"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+"This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
 msgstr ""
-"Поне една от пробите за �ливане е неу�пешна, защото не �те до�тавили в�ички "
-"необходими подавани�. Пробвайте първо да до�тавите подавани�та от „%s“."
-
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:208
-msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
-msgstr "Изберете поне един клон за изтриване."
-
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:218 lib/branch_delete.tcl:115
-msgid ""
-"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"�еу�пешно задаване на текущи� клон.\n"
 "\n"
-"Delete the selected branches?"
-msgstr ""
-"Въз�танов�ването на изтрити клони може да е трудно.\n"
+"Работната директори� е �амо ча�тично обновена: файловете �а обновени "
+"у�пешно, но н�кой от вътрешните, �лужебни файлове на Git не е бил.\n"
 "\n"
-"Сигурни ли �те, че и�кате да триете?"
+"Това �ъ�то�ние е аварийно и не тр�бва да �е �лучва. Програмата „%s“ ще "
+"преу�танови работа."
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:227
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
-msgstr "Изтриване на клони от „%s“"
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:41
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr "Избор"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:300
-msgid "No repository selected."
-msgstr "�е е избрано хранилище."
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:55
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr "Шрифт"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:305
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Scanning %s..."
-msgstr "Претър�ване на „%s“…"
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:76
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr "Размер"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:32
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:93
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr "Мо�тра"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:105
+msgid ""
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
+msgstr ""
+"Това е примерен тек�т.\n"
+"�ко ви харе�ва как изглежда, изберете шрифта."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:33
 msgid "Git Gui"
 msgstr "ГПИ на Git"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:91 lib/choose_repository.tcl:396
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:92 lib/choose_repository.tcl:412
 msgid "Create New Repository"
 msgstr "Създаване на ново хранилище"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:97
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:98
 msgid "New..."
 msgstr "�ово…"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:104 lib/choose_repository.tcl:480
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:105 lib/choose_repository.tcl:496
 msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
 msgstr "Клониране на �ъще�твуващо хранилище"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:115
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:116
 msgid "Clone..."
 msgstr "Клониране…"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:122 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1019
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:123 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1064
 msgid "Open Existing Repository"
 msgstr "Отвар�не на �ъще�твуващо хранилище"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:128
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:129
 msgid "Open..."
 msgstr "Отвар�не…"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:141
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:142
 msgid "Recent Repositories"
 msgstr "Скоро ползвани"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:147
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:148
 msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
 msgstr "Отвар�не на хранилище ползвано на�коро:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:315 lib/choose_repository.tcl:322
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:329
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:316 lib/choose_repository.tcl:323
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:330
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
 msgstr "�еу�пешно �ъздаване на хранилището „%s“:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:391 lib/branch_create.tcl:33
-msgid "Create"
-msgstr "Създаване"
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:401
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:417
 msgid "Directory:"
 msgstr "Директори�:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:431 lib/choose_repository.tcl:552
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1053
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:447 lib/choose_repository.tcl:573
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1098
 msgid "Git Repository"
 msgstr "Хранилище на Git"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:456
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:472
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Directory %s already exists."
 msgstr "Вече �ъще�твува директори� „%s“."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:460
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:476
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "File %s already exists."
 msgstr "Вече �ъще�твува файл „%s“."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:475
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:491
 msgid "Clone"
 msgstr "Клониране"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:488
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:504
 msgid "Source Location:"
 msgstr "�дре� на източника:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:497
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:513
 msgid "Target Directory:"
 msgstr "Целева директори�:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:507
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:523
 msgid "Clone Type:"
 msgstr "Вид клониране:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:512
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:528
 msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
 msgstr "Стандартно (бързо, ча�тично �подел�не на файлове, твърди връзки)"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:517
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:533
 msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
 msgstr "Пълно (бавно, пълноценно резервно копие)"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:522
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:538
 msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
 msgstr "Споделено (най-бързо, не �е препоръчва, не прави резервно копие)"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:558 lib/choose_repository.tcl:605
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:751 lib/choose_repository.tcl:821
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1059 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1067
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:545
+msgid "Recursively clone submodules too"
+msgstr "Рекур�ивно клониране и на подмодулите"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:579 lib/choose_repository.tcl:626
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:772 lib/choose_repository.tcl:842
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1104 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1112
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
 msgstr "Това не е хранилище на Git: %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:594
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:615
 msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
 msgstr "Само локални хранилища могат да �е клонират �тандартно"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:598
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:619
 msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
 msgstr "Само локални хранилища могат да �е клонират �поделено"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:619
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:640
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Location %s already exists."
-msgstr "Вече �ъще�твува ме�тоположението „%s“."
+msgstr "Ме�тоположението „%s“ вече �ъще�твува."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:630
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:651
 msgid "Failed to configure origin"
 msgstr "�еу�пешно на�тройване на хранилището-източник"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:642
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:663
 msgid "Counting objects"
 msgstr "Пребро�ване на обекти"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:643
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:664
 msgid "buckets"
 msgstr "клетки"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:667
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:688
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
 msgstr "Обектите/информаци�та/�инонимите не могат да бъдат копирани: %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:703
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:724
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
 msgstr "��ма какво да �е клонира от „%s“."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:705 lib/choose_repository.tcl:919
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:931
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:726 lib/choose_repository.tcl:940
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:952
 msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
 msgstr "О�новни�т клон — „master“ не е инициализиран."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:718
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:739
 msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
 msgstr "�е �е поддържат твърди връзки. Преминава �е към копиране."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:730
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:751
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Cloning from %s"
 msgstr "Клониране на „%s“"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:761
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:782
 msgid "Copying objects"
 msgstr "Копиране на обекти"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:762
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:783
 msgid "KiB"
 msgstr "KiB"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:786
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:807
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
 msgstr "�еу�пешно копиране на обект: %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:796
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:817
 msgid "Linking objects"
 msgstr "Създаване на връзки към обектите"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:797
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:818
 msgid "objects"
 msgstr "обекти"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:805
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:826
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
 msgstr "�еу�пешно �ъздаване на твърда връзка към обект: %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:860
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:881
 msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
 msgstr ""
 "Клоните и обектите не могат да бъдат изтеглени. За повече информаци� "
 "погледнете изхода на конзолата."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:871
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:892
 msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
 msgstr ""
 "Етикетите не могат да бъдат изтеглени. За повече информаци� погледнете "
 "изхода на конзолата."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:895
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:916
 msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
 msgstr ""
-"Върхът HEAD не може да бъде определен. За повече информаци� погледнете "
+"Върхът „HEAD“ не може да бъде определен. За повече информаци� погледнете "
 "изхода на конзолата."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:904
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:925
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
-msgstr "�е може да �е зачи�ти „%s“"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е зачи�ти"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:910
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:931
 msgid "Clone failed."
 msgstr "�еу�пешно клониране."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:917
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:938
 msgid "No default branch obtained."
 msgstr "�е е получен клон по подразбиране."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:928
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:949
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
 msgstr "��ма подаване отговар�що на „%s“."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:940
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:961
 msgid "Creating working directory"
 msgstr "Създаване на работната директори�"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:941 lib/index.tcl:70 lib/index.tcl:136
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:962 lib/index.tcl:70 lib/index.tcl:136
 #: lib/index.tcl:207
 msgid "files"
 msgstr "файлове"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:970
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:981
+msgid "Cannot clone submodules."
+msgstr "Подмодулите не могат да �е клонират."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:990
+msgid "Cloning submodules"
+msgstr "Клониране на подмодули"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1015
 msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
 msgstr "�еу�пешно първоначално изтегл�не."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1014
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1059
 msgid "Open"
 msgstr "Отвар�не"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1024
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1069
 msgid "Repository:"
 msgstr "Хранилище:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1073
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1118
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
 msgstr "�еу�пешно отвар�не на хранилището „%s“:"
 
-#: lib/about.tcl:26
-msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
-msgstr "git-gui — графичен интерфей� за Git."
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:85
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
-msgstr "До�тав�не на „%s“ от „%s“"
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:133
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
-msgstr "фатална грешка: „%s“ не може да �е открие"
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:175
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
-msgstr "Клонът „%s“ не �ъще�твува."
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:194
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
-msgstr "�еу�пешно на�тройване на опро�тен git-pull за „%s“."
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:229
-#, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
-"\n"
-"It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
-"A merge is required."
-msgstr ""
-"Клонът „%s“ �ъще�твува.\n"
-"\n"
-"Той не може да бъде тривиално превърт�н до %s.\n"
-"�еобходимо е �ливане."
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:243
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
-msgstr "Стратеги� за �ливане  „%s“ не �е поддържа."
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:262
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
-msgstr "�еу�пешно обнов�ване на „%s“."
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:274
-msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
-msgstr "Индек�ът вече е заключен."
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:289
-msgid ""
-"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
-"\n"
-"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
-"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
-"\n"
-"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Съ�то�нието при по�ледната проверка не отговар� на �ъ�то�нието на "
-"хранилището.\n"
-"\n"
-"��кой друг проце� за Git е променил хранилището междувременно. Съ�то�нието "
-"тр�бва да бъде проверено, преди да �е премине към нов клон.\n"
-"\n"
-"�втоматично ще започне нова проверка.\n"
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
-msgstr "Работната директори� �е привежда към „%s“…"
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:346
-msgid "files checked out"
-msgstr "файла �а изтеглени"
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
-msgstr ""
-"Преу�танов�ване на изтегл�нето на „%s“ (необходимо е пофайлово �ливане)."
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:377
-msgid "File level merge required."
-msgstr "�еобходимо е пофайлово �ливане."
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:381
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
-msgstr "О�таване върху клона „%s“."
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:452
-msgid ""
-"You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
-"\n"
-"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
-"Checkout'."
-msgstr ""
-"Вече не �те на локален клон.\n"
-"\n"
-"�ко и�кате да �те на клон, �ъздайте базиран на „Това не�вързано изтегл�не“."
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:503 lib/checkout_op.tcl:507
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Checked out '%s'."
-msgstr "„%s“ е изтеглен."
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:535
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
-msgstr ""
-"Занул�ването на „%s“ към „%s“ ще доведе до загубването на �ледните подавани�:"
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:557
-msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
-msgstr "Въз�танов�ването на загубените подавани� може да е трудно."
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:562
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Reset '%s'?"
-msgstr "Занул�ване на „%s“?"
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:571 lib/branch_create.tcl:85
-msgid "Reset"
-msgstr "Отначало"
-
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:635
-#, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"Failed to set current branch.\n"
-"\n"
-"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
-"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
-"\n"
-"This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
-msgstr ""
-"�еу�пешно задаване на текущи� клон.\n"
-"\n"
-"Работната директори� е �амо ча�тично обновена: файловете �а обновени "
-"у�пешно, но н�кой от вътрешните, �лужебни файлове на Git не е бил.\n"
-"\n"
-"Това �ъ�то�ние е аварийно и не тр�бва да �е �лучва. Програмата „%s“ ще "
-"преу�танови работа."
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:23
-msgid "Create Branch"
-msgstr "Създаване на клон"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:28
-msgid "Create New Branch"
-msgstr "Създаване на нов клон"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:42
-msgid "Branch Name"
-msgstr "Име на клона"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:57
-msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
-msgstr "Съвпадане по името на �ледени� клон"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
-msgid "Starting Revision"
-msgstr "�ачална вер�и�"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
-msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
-msgstr "Обнов�ване на �ъще�твуващ клон:"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
-msgid "No"
-msgstr "�е"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
-msgid "Fast Forward Only"
-msgstr "Само тривиално превъртащо �ливане"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
-msgid "Checkout After Creation"
-msgstr "Преминаване към клона �лед �ъздаването му"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:132
-msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
-msgstr "Изберете клон за �ледени."
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:141
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
-msgstr "Клонът, който �е �леди „%s“ не �ъще�твува в отдалеченото хранилище."
-
-#: lib/console.tcl:59
-msgid "Working... please wait..."
-msgstr "В момента �е извършва дей�твие, изчакайте…"
-
-#: lib/console.tcl:186
-msgid "Success"
-msgstr "У�пех"
-
-#: lib/console.tcl:200
-msgid "Error: Command Failed"
-msgstr "Грешка: неу�пешно изпълнение на команда"
-
 #: lib/choose_rev.tcl:52
 msgid "This Detached Checkout"
 msgstr "Това не�вързано изтегл�не"
 
 #: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
 msgid "Revision Expression:"
-msgstr "Израз за вер�и�"
+msgstr "Израз за вер�и�:"
 
 #: lib/choose_rev.tcl:72
 msgid "Local Branch"
@@ -2058,14 +1397,6 @@ msgstr "Обновен"
 msgid "URL"
 msgstr "�дре�"
 
-#: lib/line.tcl:17
-msgid "Goto Line:"
-msgstr "Към ред:"
-
-#: lib/line.tcl:23
-msgid "Go"
-msgstr "Придвижване"
-
 #: lib/commit.tcl:9
 msgid ""
 "There is nothing to amend.\n"
@@ -2101,7 +1432,7 @@ msgstr "Идентификаци�та ви не може да бъде опре
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:80
 msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
-msgstr "�еправилно поле GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "�еправилно поле „GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT“:"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:129
 #, tcl-format
@@ -2157,7 +1488,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "��ма промени за подаване.\n"
 "\n"
-"Тр�бва да добавите поне 1 файл към индек�а, преди да подадете.\n"
+"Тр�бва да добавите поне един файл към индек�а, за да подадете.\n"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:204
 msgid ""
@@ -2173,9 +1504,9 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Използвайте �ледни� формат:\n"
 "\n"
-"� Първи ред: опи�ание в едно изречение на пром�ната.\n"
-"� Втори ред: празен.\n"
-"� О�таналите редове: опишете защо �е налага тази пром�на.\n"
+"� Първи ред: опи�ание в едно изречение на пром�ната.\n"
+"� Втори ред: празен.\n"
+"� О�таналите редове: опишете защо �е налага тази пром�на.\n"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:235
 msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
@@ -2194,13 +1525,12 @@ msgid ""
 " \n"
 " Do you really want to proceed with your Commit?"
 msgstr ""
-"Ще подадете към не�вързан връх. Това дей�твие е опа�но, защото при "
-"преминаването към който и да е клон ще загубите промените �и и не е �игурно, "
-"че ще можете по-къ�но да ги въз�тановите чрез журнала на указателите. �ай-"
-"веро�тно тр�бва първо да �ъздадете клон базиран на текущото �ъ�то�ние и да "
-"подадете към него.\n"
+"Ще подадете към не�вързан, отдел�н указател „HEAD“. Това е опа�но, защото "
+"при преминаването към клон ще загубите промените �и, като един�твени�т начин "
+"да ги върнете ще е чрез журнала на указателите (reflog). �ай-веро�тно тр�бва "
+"да не правите това подаване, а да �ъздадете нов клон, преди да продължите.\n"
 " \n"
-"Сигурни ли �те, че и�кате да подадете точно �ега?"
+"Сигурни ли �те, че и�кате да извършите текущото подаване?"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:290
 msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
@@ -2212,13 +1542,13 @@ msgstr "Подаването е отхвърлено от куката за �ъ
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:318
 msgid "Committing changes..."
-msgstr "Подаване на промените."
+msgstr "Подаване на промените…"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:334
 msgid "write-tree failed:"
 msgstr "неу�пешно запазване на дървото (write-tree):"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:335 lib/commit.tcl:379 lib/commit.tcl:400
+#: lib/commit.tcl:335 lib/commit.tcl:382 lib/commit.tcl:403
 msgid "Commit failed."
 msgstr "�еу�пешно подаване."
 
@@ -2246,153 +1576,241 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "No changes to commit."
 msgstr "��ма промени за подаване."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:378
+#: lib/commit.tcl:381
 msgid "commit-tree failed:"
 msgstr "неу�пешно подаване на дървото (commit-tree):"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:399
+#: lib/commit.tcl:402
 msgid "update-ref failed:"
 msgstr "неу�пешно обнов�ване на указателите (update-ref):"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:492
+#: lib/commit.tcl:495
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
 msgstr "У�пешно подаване %s: %s"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:16
-msgid "Delete Branch"
-msgstr "Изтриване на клон"
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr "В момента �е извършва дей�твие, изчакайте…"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:21
-msgid "Delete Local Branch"
-msgstr "Изтриване на локален клон"
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr "У�пех"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:39
-msgid "Local Branches"
-msgstr "Локални клони"
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr "Грешка: неу�пешно изпълнение на команда"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:51
-msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
-msgstr "Изтриване, �амо ако промените �а �лети и другаде"
+#: lib/database.tcl:42
+msgid "Number of loose objects"
+msgstr "Брой непакетирани обекти"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
+msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
+msgstr "Ди�ково про�тран�тво заето от непакетирани обекти"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
+msgid "Number of packed objects"
+msgstr "Брой пакетирани обекти"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
+msgid "Number of packs"
+msgstr "Брой пакети"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
+msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
+msgstr "Ди�ково про�тран�тво заето от пакетирани обекти"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
+msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
+msgstr "Пакетирани обекти за ока�тр�не"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
+msgid "Garbage files"
+msgstr "Файлове за боклука"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:57 lib/option.tcl:182 lib/option.tcl:197 lib/option.tcl:220
+#: lib/option.tcl:282
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
-msgstr "�е в�ички промени в клоните �а �лети в %s:"
+msgid "%s:"
+msgstr "%s:"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
+#: lib/database.tcl:66
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s (%s): Database Statistics"
+msgstr "%s (%s): Стати�тика на базата от данни"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:72
+msgid "Compressing the object database"
+msgstr "Компре�иране на базата � данни за обектите"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:83
+msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
+msgstr "Проверка на базата � данни за обектите � програмата „fsck-objects“"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:107
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
-"Failed to delete branches:\n"
-"%s"
+"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
+"\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
+"the database.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compress the database now?"
 msgstr ""
-"�еу�пешно триене на клони:\n"
-"%s"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:73
-msgid "File Viewer"
-msgstr "Преглед на файлове"
+"В това хранилище в момента има към %i непакетирани обекти.\n"
+"\n"
+"За добра производително�т �е препоръчва да компре�ирате базата � данни за "
+"обектите.\n"
+"\n"
+"Да �е започне ли компре�ирането?"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:79
-msgid "Commit:"
-msgstr "Подаване:"
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr "�еправилни данни от Git: %s"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:280
-msgid "Copy Commit"
-msgstr "Копиране на подаване"
+#: lib/diff.tcl:77
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"No differences detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s has no changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
+"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
+"the same state."
+msgstr ""
+"�е �а открити разлики.\n"
+"\n"
+"��ма промени в „%s“.\n"
+"\n"
+"Времето на пром�на на файла е бил зададен от друга програма, но �ъдържанието "
+"му не е променено.\n"
+"\n"
+"�втоматично ще започне нова проверка дали н�ма други файлове в това "
+"�ъ�то�ние."
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:284
-msgid "Find Text..."
-msgstr "Тър�ене на тек�т…"
+#: lib/diff.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
+msgstr "Зареждане на разликите в „%s“…"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:288
-msgid "Goto Line..."
-msgstr "Към ред…"
+#: lib/diff.tcl:143
+msgid ""
+"LOCAL: deleted\n"
+"REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"ЛОК�Л�О: изтрит\n"
+"ОТД�ЛЕЧЕ�О:\n"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:297
-msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
-msgstr "Пълно тър�ене на копиране"
+#: lib/diff.tcl:148
+msgid ""
+"REMOTE: deleted\n"
+"LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"ОТД�ЛЕЧЕ�О: изтрит\n"
+"ЛОК�Л�О:\n"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:301
-msgid "Show History Context"
-msgstr "Показване на контек�та от и�тори�та"
+#: lib/diff.tcl:155
+msgid "LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr "ЛОК�Л�О:\n"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:304
-msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
-msgstr "�нотиране на родител�кото подаване"
+#: lib/diff.tcl:158
+msgid "REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr "ОТД�ЛЕЧЕ�О:\n"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:466
+#: lib/diff.tcl:220 lib/diff.tcl:357
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Reading %s..."
-msgstr "%s �е чете…"
+msgid "Unable to display %s"
+msgstr "Файлът „%s“ не може да бъде показан"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:594
-msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
-msgstr "Зареждане на анотациите за про�лед�ване на копирането/преме�тването…"
+#: lib/diff.tcl:221
+msgid "Error loading file:"
+msgstr "Грешка при зареждане на файл:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:614
-msgid "lines annotated"
-msgstr "реда анотирани"
+#: lib/diff.tcl:227
+msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
+msgstr "Хранилище на Git (подмодул)"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:806
-msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
-msgstr "Зареждане на анотациите за първоначалното ме�тоположение…"
+#: lib/diff.tcl:239
+msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
+msgstr "� Двоичен файл (�ъдържанието не �е показва)."
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:809
-msgid "Annotation complete."
-msgstr "�нотирането завърши."
+#: lib/diff.tcl:244
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
+"* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"� �е�ледени�т файл е %d байта.\n"
+"� Показват �е �амо първите %d байта.\n"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:839
-msgid "Busy"
-msgstr "Операци�та не е завършила"
+#: lib/diff.tcl:250
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
+"* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"� �е�ледени�т файл е отр�зан дотук от програмата „%s“.\n"
+"� Използвайте външен редактор, за да видите цели� файл.\n"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:840
-msgid "Annotation process is already running."
-msgstr "В момента тече проце� на анотиране."
+#: lib/diff.tcl:580
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Избраното парче не може да бъде извадено от индек�а."
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:879
-msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
-msgstr "Изпълн�ва �е ц�ло�тен проце� на откриване на копиране…"
+#: lib/diff.tcl:587
+msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Избраното парче не може да бъде добавено към индек�а."
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:947
-msgid "Loading annotation..."
-msgstr "Зареждане на анотации…"
+#: lib/diff.tcl:666
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
+msgstr "Избрани�т ред не може да бъде изваден от индек�а."
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1000
-msgid "Author:"
-msgstr "�втор:"
+#: lib/diff.tcl:674
+msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
+msgstr "Избрани�т ред не може да бъде добавен към индек�а."
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1004
-msgid "Committer:"
-msgstr "Подал:"
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
+msgid "Default"
+msgstr "Стандартното"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1009
-msgid "Original File:"
-msgstr "Първоначален файл:"
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "System (%s)"
+msgstr "Си�темното (%s)"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1057
-msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
-msgstr "Подаването за връх HEAD не може да �е открие:"
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Друго"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1112
-msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
-msgstr "Родител�кото подаване не може да бъде открито"
+#: lib/error.tcl:20
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s: error"
+msgstr "%s: грешка"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1127
-msgid "Unable to display parent"
-msgstr "Родител�т не може да бъде показан"
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s: warning"
+msgstr "%s: предупреждение"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1269
-msgid "Originally By:"
-msgstr "Първоначално от:"
+#: lib/error.tcl:80
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s hook failed:"
+msgstr "%s: грешка от куката"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1275
-msgid "In File:"
-msgstr "Във файл:"
+#: lib/error.tcl:96
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr "Преди да можете да подадете, коригирайте горните грешки."
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1280
-msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
-msgstr "Копирано или преме�тено тук от:"
+#: lib/error.tcl:116
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s (%s): error"
+msgstr "%s (%s): грешка"
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:6
 msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
@@ -2418,15 +1836,23 @@ msgstr "Продължаване"
 msgid "Unlock Index"
 msgstr "Отключване на индек�а"
 
+#: lib/index.tcl:294
+msgid "Unstaging selected files from commit"
+msgstr "Изваждане на избраните файлове от подаването"
+
 #: lib/index.tcl:298
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
-msgstr "Изваждане на %s от подаването"
+msgstr "Изваждане на „%s“ от подаването"
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:337
 msgid "Ready to commit."
 msgstr "Готовно�т за подаване."
 
+#: lib/index.tcl:346
+msgid "Adding selected files"
+msgstr "Добав�не на избраните файлове"
+
 #: lib/index.tcl:350
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Adding %s"
@@ -2435,7 +1861,11 @@ msgstr "Добав�не на „%s“"
 #: lib/index.tcl:380
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Stage %d untracked files?"
-msgstr "Да �е добав�т ли %d на брой не�ледени файла към индек�а?"
+msgstr "Да �е добав�т ли %d не�ледени файла към индек�а?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:388
+msgid "Adding all changed files"
+msgstr "Добав�не на в�ички променени файлове"
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:428
 #, tcl-format
@@ -2466,88 +1896,13 @@ msgstr "Махане на промените в избраните файловÐ
 msgid "Reverting %s"
 msgstr "Махане на промените в „%s“"
 
-#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
-msgid "Default"
-msgstr "Стандартното"
-
-#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "System (%s)"
-msgstr "Си�темното (%s)"
-
-#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
-msgid "Other"
-msgstr "Друго"
-
-#: lib/date.tcl:25
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
-msgstr "�еправилни данни от Git: %s"
-
-#: lib/database.tcl:42
-msgid "Number of loose objects"
-msgstr "Брой непакетирани обекти"
-
-#: lib/database.tcl:43
-msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
-msgstr "Ди�ково про�тран�тво заето от непакетирани обекти"
-
-#: lib/database.tcl:44
-msgid "Number of packed objects"
-msgstr "Брой пакетирани обекти"
-
-#: lib/database.tcl:45
-msgid "Number of packs"
-msgstr "Брой пакети"
-
-#: lib/database.tcl:46
-msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
-msgstr "Ди�ково про�тран�тво заето от пакетирани обекти"
-
-#: lib/database.tcl:47
-msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
-msgstr "Пакетирани обекти за ока�тр�не"
-
-#: lib/database.tcl:48
-msgid "Garbage files"
-msgstr "Файлове за боклука"
-
-#: lib/database.tcl:72
-msgid "Compressing the object database"
-msgstr "Компре�иране на базата � данни за обектите"
-
-#: lib/database.tcl:83
-msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
-msgstr "Проверка на базата � данни за обектите � програмата fsck-objects"
-
-#: lib/database.tcl:107
-#, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
-"\n"
-"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
-"the database.\n"
-"\n"
-"Compress the database now?"
-msgstr ""
-"В това хранилище в момента има към %i непакетирани обекти.\n"
-"\n"
-"Зd добра производително�т �е препоръчва да компре�ирате базата � данни за "
-"обектите.\n"
-"\n"
-"Да �е започне ли компре�ирането?"
-
-#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:116
-msgid "error"
-msgstr "грешка"
-
-#: lib/error.tcl:36
-msgid "warning"
-msgstr "предупреждение"
+#: lib/line.tcl:17
+msgid "Goto Line:"
+msgstr "Към ред:"
 
-#: lib/error.tcl:96
-msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
-msgstr "Преди да можете да подадете, оправете горните грешки."
+#: lib/line.tcl:23
+msgid "Go"
+msgstr "Придвижване"
 
 #: lib/merge.tcl:13
 msgid ""
@@ -2617,29 +1972,34 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "%s of %s"
 msgstr "%s от общо %s"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:122
+#: lib/merge.tcl:126
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
 msgstr "Сливане на „%s“ и „%s“…"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:133
+#: lib/merge.tcl:137
 msgid "Merge completed successfully."
 msgstr "Сливането завърши у�пешно."
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:135
+#: lib/merge.tcl:139
 msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
 msgstr "�еу�пешно �ливане — има конфликти за коригиране."
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:160
+#: lib/merge.tcl:156
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s (%s): Merge"
+msgstr "%s (%s): Сливане"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:164
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Merge Into %s"
 msgstr "Сливане в „%s“"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:179
+#: lib/merge.tcl:183
 msgid "Revision To Merge"
 msgstr "Вер�и� за �ливане"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:214
+#: lib/merge.tcl:218
 msgid ""
 "Cannot abort while amending.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -2649,7 +2009,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Тр�бва да завършите поправката на това подаване.\n"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:224
+#: lib/merge.tcl:228
 msgid ""
 "Abort merge?\n"
 "\n"
@@ -2659,11 +2019,11 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Да �е преу�танови ли �ливането?\n"
 "\n"
-"В такъв �лучай *ВСИЧКИ* неподадени промени ще бъдат безвъзвратно загубени.\n"
+"В такъв �лучай �ВСИЧКИ� неподадени промени ще бъдат безвъзвратно загубени.\n"
 "\n"
 "�аи�тина ли да �е преу�танови �ливането?"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:230
+#: lib/merge.tcl:234
 msgid ""
 "Reset changes?\n"
 "\n"
@@ -2673,22 +2033,775 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Да �е занул�т ли промените?\n"
 "\n"
-"В такъв �лучай *ВСИЧКИ* неподадени промени ще бъдат безвъзвратно загубени.\n"
+"В такъв �лучай �ВСИЧКИ� неподадени промени ще бъдат безвъзвратно загубени.\n"
 "\n"
 "�аи�тина ли да �е занул�т промените?"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:241
+#: lib/merge.tcl:245
 msgid "Aborting"
 msgstr "Преу�танов�ване"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:241
+#: lib/merge.tcl:245
 msgid "files reset"
 msgstr "файла �ъ� занулени промени"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:269
+#: lib/merge.tcl:273
 msgid "Abort failed."
 msgstr "�еу�пешно преу�танов�ване."
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:271
+#: lib/merge.tcl:275
 msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
 msgstr "У�пешно преу�танов�ване. Готовно�т за �ледващо дей�твие."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
+msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
+msgstr "Да �е използва базовата вер�и�"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
+msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
+msgstr "Да �е използва вер�и�та от този клон"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
+msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
+msgstr "Да �е използва вер�и�та от други� клон"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s will be overwritten.\n"
+"\n"
+"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Разликата показва �амо разликите � конфликт.\n"
+"\n"
+"Файлът „%s“ ще бъде презапи�ан.\n"
+"\n"
+"Тази операци� може да бъде отменена �амо чрез започване на �ливането наново."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
+msgstr ""
+"Изглежда, че в�е още има некоригирани конфликти във файла „%s“. Да �е добави "
+"ли файлът към индек�а?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
+msgstr "Добав�не на корекци� на конфликтите в „%s“"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
+msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
+msgstr ""
+"Конфликтите при �имволни връзки или изтриване не могат да бъдат коригирани � "
+"външна програма."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
+msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
+msgstr "Файлът, в който е конфликтът, не �ъще�твува"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:246
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
+msgstr "Това не е графична програма за �ливане: „%s“"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:275
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
+msgstr "�еподдържана програма за �ливане: „%s“"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:310
+msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
+msgstr "Програмата за �ливане вече е �тартирана. Да бъде ли изключена?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:330
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Error retrieving versions:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Грешка при изтегл�нето на вер�ии:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:350
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Програмата за �ливане не може да бъде �тартирана:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:354
+msgid "Running merge tool..."
+msgstr "Стартиране на програмата за �ливане…"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:382 lib/mergetool.tcl:390
+msgid "Merge tool failed."
+msgstr "Грешка в програмата за �ливане."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:11
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "�еправилно глобално кодиране „%s“"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "�еправилно кодиране „%s“ на хранилището"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:119
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr "Стандартни на�тройки"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:123
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr "Запазване"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:133
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr "Хранилище „%s“"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:134
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr "Глобално (за в�ички хранилища)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:140
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr "Потребител�ко име"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:141
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr "�дре� на е-поща"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:143
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr "Обобщаване на подавани�та при �ливане"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:144
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr "Подробно�ти при �ливани�та"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:145
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr "Извеждане на �тати�тика �лед �ливани�та"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:146
+msgid "Use Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Използване на програма за �ливане"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:148
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr "Доверие във времето на пром�на на файловете"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:149
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr "Ока�тр�не на �лед�щите клонове при до�тав�не"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:150
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr "�апа�ване на �лед�щите клонове"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:151
+msgid "Use Textconv For Diffs and Blames"
+msgstr "Използване на „textconv“ за разликите и анотирането"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:152
+msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
+msgstr "�нотиране на копието �амо по променените файлове"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:153
+msgid "Maximum Length of Recent Repositories List"
+msgstr "Мак�имален брой на �пи�ъка „Скоро ползвани“ хранилища"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:154
+msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
+msgstr "Минимален брой знаци за анотиране на копието"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:155
+msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
+msgstr "И�ториче�ки обхват за анотиране в дни"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:156
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr "Брой редове за контек�та на разликите"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:157
+msgid "Additional Diff Parameters"
+msgstr "�ргументи към командата за разликите"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:158
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr "Широчина на тек�та на �ъобщението при подаване"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:159
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr "Шаблон за името на новите клони"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:160
+msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
+msgstr "Кодиране на файловете"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:161
+msgid "Warn before committing to a detached head"
+msgstr "Предупреждаване при подаване към не�вързан указател"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:162
+msgid "Staging of untracked files"
+msgstr "Добав�не на не�ледените файлове към индек�а"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:163
+msgid "Show untracked files"
+msgstr "Показване на не�ледените файлове"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:164
+msgid "Tab spacing"
+msgstr "Ширина на табулаци�та"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:210
+msgid "Change"
+msgstr "См�на"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:254
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr "Правопи�ен речник:"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:284
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr "См�на на шрифта"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:288
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr "Избор на „%s“"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:294
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr "тчк."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:308
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "�а�тройки"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:345
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно запазване на на�тройките:"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:200
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "Изтла�кване към"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:218
+msgid "Remove Remote"
+msgstr "Премахване на отдалечено хранилище"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:223
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "Ока�тр�не от"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:228
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "До�тав�не от"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:253 lib/remote.tcl:258
+msgid "All"
+msgstr "В�ички"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:20
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s (%s): Add Remote"
+msgstr "%s (%s): Добав�не на отдалечено хранилище"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:25
+msgid "Add New Remote"
+msgstr "Добав�не на отдалечено хранилище"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:30 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:37
+msgid "Add"
+msgstr "Добав�не"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:39
+msgid "Remote Details"
+msgstr "Данни за отдалеченото хранилище"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
+msgid "Location:"
+msgstr "Ме�тоположение:"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:60
+msgid "Further Action"
+msgstr "Следващо дей�твие"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:63
+msgid "Fetch Immediately"
+msgstr "�езабавно до�тав�не"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:69
+msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
+msgstr "Инициализиране на отдалеченото хранилище и изтла�кване на промените"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:75
+msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
+msgstr "Да не �е прави нищо"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:100
+msgid "Please supply a remote name."
+msgstr "Задайте име за отдалеченото хранилище."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:113
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
+msgstr "Отдалечено хранилище не може да �е казва „%s“."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:124
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
+msgstr "�еу�пешно добав�не на отдалеченото хранилище „%s“ от адре� „%s“."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:132 lib/transport.tcl:6
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "до�тав�не на „%s“"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching the %s"
+msgstr "До�тав�не на „%s“"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:156
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
+msgstr "Хранилището � ме�тоположение „%s“ не може да бъде инициализирано."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:162 lib/transport.tcl:54 lib/transport.tcl:92
+#: lib/transport.tcl:110
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "изтла�кване на „%s“"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
+msgstr "Добав�не на хранилище „%s“ (� адре� „%s“)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s (%s): Delete Branch Remotely"
+msgstr "%s (%s): Изтриване на отдалечени� клон"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
+msgstr "Изтриване на отдалечени� клон"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:48
+msgid "From Repository"
+msgstr "От хранилище"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:51 lib/transport.tcl:165
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr "Отдалечено хранилище:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:72 lib/transport.tcl:187
+msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
+msgstr "Произволно ме�тоположение:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:88
+msgid "Branches"
+msgstr "Клони"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:110
+msgid "Delete Only If"
+msgstr "Изтриване, �амо ако"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:112
+msgid "Merged Into:"
+msgstr "Сл�т в:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:153
+msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
+msgstr "За данните „Сл�т в“ е необходимо да зададете клон."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:185
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Следните клони не �а �лети напълно в „%s“:\n"
+"\n"
+" â—� %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:190
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+msgstr ""
+"Поне една от пробите за �ливане е неу�пешна, защото не �те до�тавили в�ички "
+"необходими подавани�. Пробвайте първо да до�тавите подавани�та от „%s“."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:208
+msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
+msgstr "Изберете поне един клон за изтриване."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:227
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
+msgstr "Изтриване на клони от „%s“"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:300
+msgid "No repository selected."
+msgstr "�е е избрано хранилище."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:305
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Scanning %s..."
+msgstr "Претър�ване на „%s“…"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:48
+msgid "Find:"
+msgstr "Тър�ене:"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:50
+msgid "Next"
+msgstr "Следваща по�ва"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:51
+msgid "Prev"
+msgstr "Предишна по�ва"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:52
+msgid "RegExp"
+msgstr "РегИзр"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:54
+msgid "Case"
+msgstr "Главни/малки"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:8 lib/shortcut.tcl:43 lib/shortcut.tcl:75
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s (%s): Create Desktop Icon"
+msgstr "%s (%s): Добав�не на икона на работни� плот"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:24 lib/shortcut.tcl:65
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr "Клавишната комбинаци� не може да бъде запазена:"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:140
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr "Иконата не може да бъде запазена:"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
+msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
+msgstr "Тази програма за проверка на правопи�а не �е поддържа"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
+msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
+msgstr "Лип�ва програма за проверка на правопи�а"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
+msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
+msgstr "�еправилни на�тройки на проверката на правопи�а"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
+msgstr "Ползване на речник за език „%s“."
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
+msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
+msgstr "Програмата за правопи� даже не �тартира у�пешно."
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
+msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
+msgstr "�епозната програма за проверка на правопи�а"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
+msgid "No Suggestions"
+msgstr "��ма предложени�"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:388
+msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
+msgstr "�еочакван край на файл от програмата за проверка на правопи�а"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
+msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
+msgstr "Грешка в програмата за проверка на правопи�а"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
+msgid "No keys found."
+msgstr "�е �а открити ключове."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
+msgstr "Открит е публичен ключ в „%s“"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
+msgid "Generate Key"
+msgstr "Генериране на ключ"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:58
+msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
+msgstr "Копиране към �и�темни� буфер"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:72
+msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
+msgstr "Публични�т ви ключ за OpenSSH"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:80
+msgid "Generating..."
+msgstr "Генериране…"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:86
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Програмата „ssh-keygen“ не може да бъде �тартирана:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:113
+msgid "Generation failed."
+msgstr "�еу�пешно генериране."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:120
+msgid "Generation succeeded, but no keys found."
+msgstr "Генерирането завърши у�пешно, а не �а намерени ключове."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:123
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Your key is in: %s"
+msgstr "Ключът ви е в „%s“"
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:87
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%s… %*i от общо %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:76
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr "За изпълнението на „%s“ тр�бва да изберете файл."
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:92
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %1$s on file \"%2$s\"?"
+msgstr "Сигурни ли �те, че и�кате да изпълните „%1$s“ върху файла „%2$s“?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:96
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr "Сигурни ли �те, че и�кате да изпълните „%s“?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:118
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr "Команда: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:119
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr "Изпълнение: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:158
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr "Командата завърши у�пешно: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:160
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr "Командата върна грешка: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s (%s): Add Tool"
+msgstr "%s (%s): Добав�не на команда"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr "Добав�не на команда"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:34
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr "Глобално добав�не"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:46
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr "Подробно�ти за командата"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:49
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr "За �ъздаване на подменюта използвайте знака „/“ за разделител:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:60
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Команда:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:71
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr "Преди изпълнение да �е извежда диалогов прозорец"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:77
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr "Потребител�т да укаже вер�и� (задаване на променливата $REVISION)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:82
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr ""
+"Потребител�т да укаже допълнителни аргументи (задаване на променливата $ARGS)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:89
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr "Без показване на прозорец � изхода от командата"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:94
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr ""
+"Стартиране �амо �лед избор на разлика (променливата $FILENAME не е празна)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:118
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr "Задайте име за командата."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:126
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Командата „%s“ вече �ъще�твува."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:148
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Командата не може да бъде добавена:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:187
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s (%s): Remove Tool"
+msgstr "%s (%s): Премахване на команда"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:193
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr "Премахване на команди"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:198
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr "Премахване"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:231
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr "(командите към локалното хранилище �а обозначени в �иньо)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:283
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s (%s):"
+msgstr "%s (%s):"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:292
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr "Изпълнение на командата „%s“"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:306
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr "�ргументи"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:341
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "Добре"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr "До�тав�не на промените от „%s“"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr "ока�тр�не на �лед�щите клони към „%s“"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr "Ока�тр�не на �лед�щите клони на изтритите клони от „%s“"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:25
+msgid "fetch all remotes"
+msgstr "до�тав�не от в�ички отдалечени"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+msgid "Fetching new changes from all remotes"
+msgstr "До�тав�не на промените от в�ички отдалечени хранилища"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:40
+msgid "remote prune all remotes"
+msgstr "ока�тр�не на �лед�щите изтрити"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:41
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from all remotes"
+msgstr ""
+"Ока�тр�не на �лед�щите клони на изтритите клони от в�ички отдалечени "
+"хранилища"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:55
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr "Изтла�кване на промените към „%s“"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:93
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "Изтла�кване на в�ичко към „%s“"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:111
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr "Изтла�кване на %s „%s“ към „%s“"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:132
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr "Клони за изтла�кване"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:147
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr "Клони-източници"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:162
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr "Целево хранилище"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:205
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr "�а�тройки при прена��нето"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:207
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"Изрично презапи�ване на �ъще�твуващ клон (н�кои промени може да бъдат "
+"загубени)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:211
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr "Мак�имална компре�и� (за бавни мрежови връзки)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:215
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr "Включване на етикетите"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:229
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s (%s): Push"
+msgstr "%s (%s): Изтла�кване"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/glossary/pt_pt.po b/git-gui/po/glossary/pt_pt.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..adc3b542a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/glossary/pt_pt.po
@@ -0,0 +1,293 @@
+# Portuguese translations for git-gui glossary.
+# Copyright (C) 2016 Shawn Pearce, et al.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git package.
+# Vasco Almeida <vascomalmeida@sapo.pt>, 2016.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git-gui glossary\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-05-06 10:22+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-05-06 12:32+0000\n"
+"Last-Translator: Vasco Almeida <vascomalmeida@sapo.pt>\n"
+"Language-Team: Portuguese\n"
+"Language: pt\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+"X-Generator: Virtaal 0.7.1\n"
+
+#. "English Definition (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user! It should only serve as a tool for you, the translator. Nothing more.)"
+msgid ""
+"English Term (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user!)"
+msgstr ""
+"Outro SCM em português:\n"
+"http://svn.code.sf.net/p/tortoisesvn/code/trunk/Languages/pt/TortoiseUI.po e "
+"\n"
+"http://svn.code.sf.net/p/tortoisesvn/code/trunk/Languages/pt/TortoiseDoc.po\n"
+" em html: https://tortoisesvn.net/docs/release/TortoiseSVN_pt/index.html\n"
+"\n"
+"https://translations.launchpad.net/tortoisehg (medíocre)"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "amend"
+msgstr "emendar"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "annotate"
+msgstr "anotar"
+
+#. "A 'branch' is an active line of development."
+msgid "branch [noun]"
+msgstr "ramo"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "branch [verb]"
+msgstr "criar ramo"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "checkout [noun]"
+msgstr "extração"
+
+#. "The action of updating the working tree to a revision which was stored in the object database."
+msgid "checkout [verb]"
+msgstr "extrair"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "clone [verb]"
+msgstr "clonar"
+
+#. "A single point in the git history."
+msgid "commit [noun]"
+msgstr "commit"
+
+#. "The action of storing a new snapshot of the project's state in the git history."
+msgid "commit [verb]"
+msgstr "submeter"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "diff [noun]"
+msgstr "diferenças"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "diff [verb]"
+msgstr "mostrar diferenças"
+
+#. "A fast-forward is a special type of merge where you have a revision and you are merging another branch's changes that happen to be a descendant of what you have."
+msgid "fast forward merge"
+msgstr "integração por avanço rápido"
+
+#. "Fetching a branch means to get the branch's head from a remote repository, to find out which objects are missing from the local object database, and to get them, too."
+msgid "fetch"
+msgstr "obter"
+
+#. "One context of consecutive lines in a whole patch, which consists of many such hunks"
+msgid "hunk"
+msgstr "excerto"
+
+#. "A collection of files. The index is a stored version of your working tree."
+msgid "index (in git-gui: staging area)"
+msgstr "índice"
+
+#. "A successful merge results in the creation of a new commit representing the result of the merge."
+msgid "merge [noun]"
+msgstr "integração"
+
+#. "To bring the contents of another branch into the current branch."
+msgid "merge [verb]"
+msgstr "integrar"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "message"
+msgstr "mensagem"
+
+#. "Deletes all stale tracking branches under <name>. These stale branches have already been removed from the remote repository referenced by <name>, but are still locally available in 'remotes/<name>'."
+msgid "prune"
+msgstr "podar"
+
+#. "Pulling a branch means to fetch it and merge it."
+msgid "pull"
+msgstr "puxar"
+
+#. "Pushing a branch means to get the branch's head ref from a remote repository, and ... (well, can someone please explain it for mere mortals?)"
+msgid "push"
+msgstr "publicar"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "redo"
+msgstr "refazer"
+
+#. "An other repository ('remote'). One might have a set of remotes whose branches one tracks."
+msgid "remote"
+msgstr "remoto"
+
+#. "A collection of refs (?) together with an object database containing all objects which are reachable from the refs... (oops, you've lost me here. Again, please an explanation for mere mortals?)"
+msgid "repository"
+msgstr "repositório"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "reset"
+msgstr "repor"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr "reverter"
+
+#. "A particular state of files and directories which was stored in the object database."
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "revisão"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "sign off"
+msgstr "assinar por baixo"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "staging area"
+msgstr "área de estágio"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "status"
+msgstr "estado"
+
+#. "A ref pointing to a tag or commit object"
+msgid "tag [noun]"
+msgstr "tag"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "tag [verb]"
+msgstr "criar tag"
+
+#. "A regular git branch that is used to follow changes from another repository."
+msgid "tracking branch"
+msgstr "ramo de monitorização"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "undo"
+msgstr "desfazer"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "update"
+msgstr "atualizar"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "verify"
+msgstr "verificar"
+
+#. "The tree of actual checked out files."
+msgid "working copy, working tree"
+msgstr "cópia de trabalho, árvore de trabalho"
+
+#. "a commit that succeeds the current one in git's graph of commits (not necessarily directly)"
+msgid "ancestor"
+msgstr "antecessor"
+
+#. "prematurely stop and abandon an operation"
+msgid "abort"
+msgstr "abortar"
+
+#. "a repository with only .git directory, without working directory"
+msgid "bare repository"
+msgstr "repositório nu"
+
+#. "a parent version of the current file"
+msgid "base"
+msgstr "base"
+
+#. "get the authors responsible for each line in a file"
+msgid "blame"
+msgstr "culpar"
+
+#. "to select and apply a single commit without merging"
+msgid "cherry-pick"
+msgstr "efetuar cherry-pick (escolher-a-dedo?, selecionar?)"
+
+#. "a commit that directly succeeds the current one in git's graph of commits"
+msgid "child"
+msgstr "filho"
+
+#. "clean the state of the git repository, often after manually stopped operation"
+msgid "cleanup"
+msgstr "limpar"
+
+#. "a message that gets attached with any commit"
+msgid "commit message"
+msgstr "mensagem de commit"
+
+#. "a commit that precedes the current one in git's graph of commits (not necessarily directly)"
+msgid "descendant"
+msgstr "descendente"
+
+#. "checkout of a revision rather than a some head"
+msgid "detached checkout"
+msgstr "extração destacada"
+
+#. "any merge strategy that works on a file by file basis"
+msgid "file level merging"
+msgstr "integração ao nível de ficheiros"
+
+#. "the last revision in a branch"
+msgid "head"
+msgstr "cabeça"
+
+#. "script that gets executed automatically on some event"
+msgid "hook"
+msgstr "gancho"
+
+#. "the first checkout during a clone operation"
+msgid "initial checkout"
+msgstr "extração inicial"
+
+#. "a branch that resides in the local git repository"
+msgid "local branch"
+msgstr "ramo local"
+
+#. "a Git object that is not part of any pack"
+msgid "loose object"
+msgstr "objeto solto"
+
+#. "a branch called by convention 'master' that exists in a newly created git repository"
+msgid "master branch"
+msgstr "ramo mestre"
+
+#. "a remote called by convention 'origin' that the current git repository has been cloned from"
+msgid "origin"
+msgstr "origem"
+
+#. "a file containing many git objects packed together"
+msgid "pack [noun]"
+msgstr "pacote"
+
+#. "a Git object part of some pack"
+msgid "packed object"
+msgstr "objeto compactado"
+
+#. "a commit that directly precedes the current one in git's graph of commits"
+msgid "parent"
+msgstr "pai"
+
+#. "the log file containing all states of the HEAD reference (in other words past pristine states of the working copy)"
+msgid "reflog"
+msgstr "reflog"
+
+#. "decide which changes from alternative versions of a file should persist in Git"
+msgid "resolve (a conflict)"
+msgstr "resolver (um conflito)"
+
+#. "abandon changes and go to pristine version"
+msgid "revert changes"
+msgstr "reverter alterações"
+
+#. "expression that signifies a revision in git"
+msgid "revision expression"
+msgstr "expressão de revisão"
+
+#. "add some content of files and directories to the staging area in preparation for a commit"
+msgid "stage/unstage"
+msgstr "preparar/retirar"
+
+#. "temporarily save changes in a stack without committing"
+msgid "stash"
+msgstr "empilhar"
+
+#. "file whose content is tracked/not tracked by git"
+msgid "tracked/untracked"
+msgstr "controlado/não controlado"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/glossary/txt-to-pot.sh b/git-gui/po/glossary/txt-to-pot.sh
index 49bf7c5365..8249915d3c 100755
--- a/git-gui/po/glossary/txt-to-pot.sh
+++ b/git-gui/po/glossary/txt-to-pot.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 if [ $# -eq 0 ]
 then
 	cat <<!
-Usage: `basename $0` git-gui-glossary.txt > git-gui-glossary.pot
+Usage: $(basename $0) git-gui-glossary.txt > git-gui-glossary.pot
 !
 	exit 1;
 fi
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ cat <<!
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: `date +'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M%z'`\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: $(date +'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M%z')\n"
 "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
 "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
 "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/ja.po b/git-gui/po/ja.po
index 9aff249d5f..208651c1af 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/ja.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/ja.po
@@ -1,47 +1,50 @@
 # Translation of git-gui to Japanese
 # Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the git-gui package.
+#
 # �ら�� ��� <nanako3@bluebottle.com>, 2007.
+# Satoshi Yasushima <s.yasushima@gmail.com>, 2016.
 #
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-01-26 15:47-0800\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-02-02 19:03+0900\n"
-"Last-Translator: �ら�� ��� <nanako3@lavabit.com>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-05-27 17:52+0900\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-06-22 12:50+0900\n"
+"Last-Translator: Satoshi Yasushima <s.yasushima@gmail.com>\n"
 "Language-Team: Japanese\n"
+"Language: ja\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:793 git-gui.sh:807 git-gui.sh:820 git-gui.sh:903
-#: git-gui.sh:922
-msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
-msgstr "git-gui: 致命的�エラー"
-
-#: git-gui.sh:743
+#: git-gui.sh:861
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
 msgstr "%s �無効�フォント�指定�れ����:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:779
+#: git-gui.sh:915
 msgid "Main Font"
 msgstr "主フォント"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:780
+#: git-gui.sh:916
 msgid "Diff/Console Font"
 msgstr "diff/コンソール・フォント"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:794
+#: git-gui.sh:931 git-gui.sh:945 git-gui.sh:958 git-gui.sh:1048 git-gui.sh:1067
+#: git-gui.sh:3125
+msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
+msgstr "git-gui: 致命的�エラー"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:932
 msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
 msgstr "PATH 中� git �見��り��ん"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:821
+#: git-gui.sh:959
 msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
 msgstr "Git �ージョン���解����ん:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:839
+#: git-gui.sh:984
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Git version cannot be determined.\n"
@@ -60,475 +63,502 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "'%s' ��ージョン 1.5.0 ����良����？\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1128
+#: git-gui.sh:1281
 msgid "Git directory not found:"
 msgstr "Git ディレクトリ�見��り��ん:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1146
+#: git-gui.sh:1315
 msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
 msgstr "作業ディレクトリ�最上��移動����ん"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1154
+#: git-gui.sh:1323
 msgid "Cannot use bare repository:"
 msgstr "裸�リ�ジトリ�使���ん:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1162
+#: git-gui.sh:1331
 msgid "No working directory"
 msgstr "作業ディレクトリ��り��ん"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1334 lib/checkout_op.tcl:306
+#: git-gui.sh:1503 lib/checkout_op.tcl:306
 msgid "Refreshing file status..."
 msgstr "ファイル状態を更新�����…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1390
+#: git-gui.sh:1563
 msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
 msgstr "変更�れ�ファイルをスキャン�����…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1454
+#: git-gui.sh:1639
 msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
 msgstr "prepare-commit-msg フックを実行中・・・"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1471
+#: git-gui.sh:1656
 msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
 msgstr "prepare-commit-msg フック�コミットを拒�����"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1629 lib/browser.tcl:246
+#: git-gui.sh:1814 lib/browser.tcl:252
 msgid "Ready."
 msgstr "準備完了"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1787
+#: git-gui.sh:1978
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Displaying only %s of %s files."
-msgstr "全体�%s個�内�%sファイル��表示�����"
+msgid ""
+"Display limit (gui.maxfilesdisplayed = %s) reached, not showing all %s files."
+msgstr ""
+"表示�能��界 (gui.maxfilesdisplayed = %s) ������全体�%s個�ファイル"
+"を表示����ん"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1913
+#: git-gui.sh:2101
 msgid "Unmodified"
 msgstr "変更無�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1915
+#: git-gui.sh:2103
 msgid "Modified, not staged"
 msgstr "変更�り�コミット未予定"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1916 git-gui.sh:1924
+#: git-gui.sh:2104 git-gui.sh:2116
 msgid "Staged for commit"
 msgstr "コミット予定済"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1917 git-gui.sh:1925
+#: git-gui.sh:2105 git-gui.sh:2117
 msgid "Portions staged for commit"
 msgstr "部分的�コミット予定済"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1918 git-gui.sh:1926
+#: git-gui.sh:2106 git-gui.sh:2118
 msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
 msgstr "コミット予定済�ファイル無�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1920
+#: git-gui.sh:2108
 msgid "File type changed, not staged"
 msgstr "ファイル型変更�コミット未予定"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1921
+#: git-gui.sh:2109 git-gui.sh:2110
+msgid "File type changed, old type staged for commit"
+msgstr "ファイル型変更�旧型コミット予定済"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2111
 msgid "File type changed, staged"
 msgstr "ファイル型変更�コミット予定済"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1923
+#: git-gui.sh:2112
+msgid "File type change staged, modification not staged"
+msgstr "ファイル型変更コミット予定済�変更コミット未予定"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2113
+msgid "File type change staged, file missing"
+msgstr "ファイル型変更コミット予定済�ファイル無�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2115
 msgid "Untracked, not staged"
 msgstr "管�外�コミット未予定"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1928
+#: git-gui.sh:2120
 msgid "Missing"
 msgstr "ファイル無�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1929
+#: git-gui.sh:2121
 msgid "Staged for removal"
 msgstr "削除予定済"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1930
+#: git-gui.sh:2122
 msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
 msgstr "削除予定済�ファイル未削除"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1932 git-gui.sh:1933 git-gui.sh:1934 git-gui.sh:1935
-#: git-gui.sh:1936 git-gui.sh:1937
+#: git-gui.sh:2124 git-gui.sh:2125 git-gui.sh:2126 git-gui.sh:2127
+#: git-gui.sh:2128 git-gui.sh:2129
 msgid "Requires merge resolution"
 msgstr "�マージ解決"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1972
+#: git-gui.sh:2164
 msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
 msgstr "gitk を起動中…�待�下��…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1984
+#: git-gui.sh:2176
 msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
 msgstr "PATH 中� gitk �見��り��ん"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2043
+#: git-gui.sh:2235
 msgid "Couldn't find git gui in PATH"
 msgstr "PATH 中� git gui �見��り��ん"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2455 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
+#: git-gui.sh:2654 lib/choose_repository.tcl:41
 msgid "Repository"
 msgstr "リ�ジトリ"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2456
+#: git-gui.sh:2655
 msgid "Edit"
 msgstr "編集"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2458 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
+#: git-gui.sh:2657 lib/choose_rev.tcl:567
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "ブラン�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2461 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
+#: git-gui.sh:2660 lib/choose_rev.tcl:554
 msgid "Commit@@noun"
 msgstr "コミット"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2464 lib/merge.tcl:121 lib/merge.tcl:150 lib/merge.tcl:168
+#: git-gui.sh:2663 lib/merge.tcl:123 lib/merge.tcl:152 lib/merge.tcl:170
 msgid "Merge"
 msgstr "マージ"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2465 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
+#: git-gui.sh:2664 lib/choose_rev.tcl:563
 msgid "Remote"
 msgstr "リモート"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2468
+#: git-gui.sh:2667
 msgid "Tools"
 msgstr "ツール"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2477
+#: git-gui.sh:2676
 msgid "Explore Working Copy"
 msgstr "ワーキングコピーをブラウズ"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2483
+#: git-gui.sh:2682
+msgid "Git Bash"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2692
 msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
 msgstr "�在�ブラン��ファイルを見る"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2487
+#: git-gui.sh:2696
 msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
 msgstr "ブラン��ファイルを見る…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2492
+#: git-gui.sh:2701
 msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
 msgstr "�在�ブラン��履歴を見る"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2496
+#: git-gui.sh:2705
 msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
 msgstr "全��ブラン��履歴を見る"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2503
+#: git-gui.sh:2712
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Browse %s's Files"
 msgstr "ブラン� %s �ファイルを見る"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2505
+#: git-gui.sh:2714
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Visualize %s's History"
 msgstr "ブラン� %s �履歴を見る"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2510 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
+#: git-gui.sh:2719 lib/database.tcl:40 lib/database.tcl:66
 msgid "Database Statistics"
 msgstr "データベース統計"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2513 lib/database.tcl:34
+#: git-gui.sh:2722 lib/database.tcl:33
 msgid "Compress Database"
 msgstr "データベース圧縮"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2516
+#: git-gui.sh:2725
 msgid "Verify Database"
 msgstr "データベース検証"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2523 git-gui.sh:2527 git-gui.sh:2531 lib/shortcut.tcl:8
+#: git-gui.sh:2732 git-gui.sh:2736 git-gui.sh:2740 lib/shortcut.tcl:8
 #: lib/shortcut.tcl:40 lib/shortcut.tcl:72
 msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
 msgstr "デスクトップ・アイコンを作る"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2539 lib/choose_repository.tcl:183 lib/choose_repository.tcl:191
+#: git-gui.sh:2748 lib/choose_repository.tcl:193 lib/choose_repository.tcl:201
 msgid "Quit"
 msgstr "終了"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2547
+#: git-gui.sh:2756
 msgid "Undo"
 msgstr "元�戻�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2550
+#: git-gui.sh:2759
 msgid "Redo"
 msgstr "やり直�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2554 git-gui.sh:3109
+#: git-gui.sh:2763 git-gui.sh:3368
 msgid "Cut"
 msgstr "切り�り"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2557 git-gui.sh:3112 git-gui.sh:3186 git-gui.sh:3259
+#: git-gui.sh:2766 git-gui.sh:3371 git-gui.sh:3445 git-gui.sh:3530
 #: lib/console.tcl:69
 msgid "Copy"
 msgstr "コピー"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2560 git-gui.sh:3115
+#: git-gui.sh:2769 git-gui.sh:3374
 msgid "Paste"
 msgstr "貼り付�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2563 git-gui.sh:3118 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
+#: git-gui.sh:2772 git-gui.sh:3377 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:39
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:28
 msgid "Delete"
 msgstr "削除"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2567 git-gui.sh:3122 git-gui.sh:3263 lib/console.tcl:71
+#: git-gui.sh:2776 git-gui.sh:3381 git-gui.sh:3534 lib/console.tcl:71
 msgid "Select All"
 msgstr "全��択"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2576
+#: git-gui.sh:2785
 msgid "Create..."
 msgstr "作�…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2582
+#: git-gui.sh:2791
 msgid "Checkout..."
 msgstr "�ェックアウト"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2588
+#: git-gui.sh:2797
 msgid "Rename..."
 msgstr "��変更…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2593
+#: git-gui.sh:2802
 msgid "Delete..."
 msgstr "削除…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2598
+#: git-gui.sh:2807
 msgid "Reset..."
 msgstr "リセット…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2608
+#: git-gui.sh:2817
 msgid "Done"
 msgstr "完了"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2610
+#: git-gui.sh:2819
 msgid "Commit@@verb"
 msgstr "コミット"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2619 git-gui.sh:3050
+#: git-gui.sh:2828 git-gui.sh:3309
 msgid "New Commit"
 msgstr "新�コミット"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2627 git-gui.sh:3057
+#: git-gui.sh:2836 git-gui.sh:3316
 msgid "Amend Last Commit"
 msgstr "最新コミットを訂正"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2637 git-gui.sh:3011 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+#: git-gui.sh:2846 git-gui.sh:3270 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:101
 msgid "Rescan"
 msgstr "�スキャン"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2643
+#: git-gui.sh:2852
 msgid "Stage To Commit"
 msgstr "コミット予定�る"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2649
+#: git-gui.sh:2858
 msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
 msgstr "変更�れ�ファイルをコミット予定"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2655
+#: git-gui.sh:2864
 msgid "Unstage From Commit"
 msgstr "コミット�ら���"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2661 lib/index.tcl:412
+#: git-gui.sh:2870 lib/index.tcl:442
 msgid "Revert Changes"
 msgstr "変更を元�戻�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2669 git-gui.sh:3310 git-gui.sh:3341
+#: git-gui.sh:2878 git-gui.sh:3581 git-gui.sh:3612
 msgid "Show Less Context"
 msgstr "文脈を少��"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2673 git-gui.sh:3314 git-gui.sh:3345
+#: git-gui.sh:2882 git-gui.sh:3585 git-gui.sh:3616
 msgid "Show More Context"
 msgstr "文脈を多�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2680 git-gui.sh:3024 git-gui.sh:3133
+#: git-gui.sh:2889 git-gui.sh:3283 git-gui.sh:3392
 msgid "Sign Off"
 msgstr "署�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2696
+#: git-gui.sh:2905
 msgid "Local Merge..."
 msgstr "ローカル・マージ…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2701
+#: git-gui.sh:2910
 msgid "Abort Merge..."
 msgstr "マージ中止…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2713 git-gui.sh:2741
+#: git-gui.sh:2922 git-gui.sh:2950
 msgid "Add..."
 msgstr "追加"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2717
+#: git-gui.sh:2926
 msgid "Push..."
 msgstr "プッシュ…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2721
+#: git-gui.sh:2930
 msgid "Delete Branch..."
 msgstr "ブラン�削除..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2731 git-gui.sh:3292
+#: git-gui.sh:2940 git-gui.sh:3563
 msgid "Options..."
 msgstr "オプション…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2742
+#: git-gui.sh:2951
 msgid "Remove..."
 msgstr "削除..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2751 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+#: git-gui.sh:2960 lib/choose_repository.tcl:55
 msgid "Help"
 msgstr "ヘルプ"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2755 git-gui.sh:2759 lib/about.tcl:14
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:53
+#: git-gui.sh:2964 git-gui.sh:2968 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:49 lib/choose_repository.tcl:58
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "About %s"
 msgstr "%s ����"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2783
+#: git-gui.sh:2992
 msgid "Online Documentation"
 msgstr "オンライン・ドキュメント"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2786 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
+#: git-gui.sh:2995 lib/choose_repository.tcl:52 lib/choose_repository.tcl:61
 msgid "Show SSH Key"
 msgstr "SSH キーを表示"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2893
+#: git-gui.sh:3014 git-gui.sh:3146
+msgid "Usage"
+msgstr "使�方"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3095 lib/blame.tcl:573
+msgid "Error"
+msgstr "エラー"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3126
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
 msgstr ""
 "致命的: パス %s � stat ����ん。��よ��ファイルやディレクトリ��り�"
 "�ん"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2926
+#: git-gui.sh:3159
 msgid "Current Branch:"
 msgstr "�在�ブラン�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2947
+#: git-gui.sh:3185
 msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
 msgstr "ステージング�れ�（コミット予定済�）変更"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2967
+#: git-gui.sh:3205
 msgid "Unstaged Changes"
 msgstr "コミット予定�入�����変更"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3017
+#: git-gui.sh:3276
 msgid "Stage Changed"
 msgstr "変更をコミット予定�入れる"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3036 lib/transport.tcl:104 lib/transport.tcl:193
+#: git-gui.sh:3295 lib/transport.tcl:137 lib/transport.tcl:229
 msgid "Push"
 msgstr "プッシュ"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3071
+#: git-gui.sh:3330
 msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr "最��コミットメッセージ:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3072
+#: git-gui.sh:3331
 msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
 msgstr "訂正��コミットメッセージ:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3073
+#: git-gui.sh:3332
 msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr "訂正��最��コミットメッセージ:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3074
+#: git-gui.sh:3333
 msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
 msgstr "訂正��マージコミットメッセージ:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3075
+#: git-gui.sh:3334
 msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
 msgstr "マージコミットメッセージ:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3076
+#: git-gui.sh:3335
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "コミットメッセージ:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3125 git-gui.sh:3267 lib/console.tcl:73
+#: git-gui.sh:3384 git-gui.sh:3538 lib/console.tcl:73
 msgid "Copy All"
 msgstr "全�コピー"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3149 lib/blame.tcl:104
+#: git-gui.sh:3408 lib/blame.tcl:105
 msgid "File:"
 msgstr "ファイル:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3255
+#: git-gui.sh:3526
 msgid "Refresh"
 msgstr "�読�込�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3276
+#: git-gui.sh:3547
 msgid "Decrease Font Size"
 msgstr "フォントを���"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3280
+#: git-gui.sh:3551
 msgid "Increase Font Size"
 msgstr "フォントを大��"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3288 lib/blame.tcl:281
+#: git-gui.sh:3559 lib/blame.tcl:294
 msgid "Encoding"
 msgstr "エンコーディング"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3299
+#: git-gui.sh:3570
 msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
 msgstr "パッ�を�用/�り消�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3304
+#: git-gui.sh:3575
 msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
 msgstr "パッ�行を�用/�り消�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3323
+#: git-gui.sh:3594
 msgid "Run Merge Tool"
 msgstr "マージツールを起動"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3328
+#: git-gui.sh:3599
 msgid "Use Remote Version"
 msgstr "リモート�方を採用"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3332
+#: git-gui.sh:3603
 msgid "Use Local Version"
 msgstr "ローカル�方を採用"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3336
+#: git-gui.sh:3607
 msgid "Revert To Base"
 msgstr "ベース版を採用"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3354
+#: git-gui.sh:3625
 msgid "Visualize These Changes In The Submodule"
 msgstr "サブモジュール内��れら�変更を見る"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3358
+#: git-gui.sh:3629
 msgid "Visualize Current Branch History In The Submodule"
 msgstr "サブモジュール内��在�ブラン��履歴を見る"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3362
+#: git-gui.sh:3633
 msgid "Visualize All Branch History In The Submodule"
 msgstr "サブモジュール内�全��ブラン��履歴を見る"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3367
+#: git-gui.sh:3638
 msgid "Start git gui In The Submodule"
 msgstr "サブモジュール内�git guiを起動�る"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3389
+#: git-gui.sh:3673
 msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
 msgstr "パッ�をコミット予定�ら外�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3391
+#: git-gui.sh:3675
 msgid "Unstage Lines From Commit"
 msgstr "コミット予定�ら行を外�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3393
+#: git-gui.sh:3677
 msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
 msgstr "コミット予定�ら行を外�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3396
+#: git-gui.sh:3680
 msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
 msgstr "パッ�をコミット予定�加�る"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3398
+#: git-gui.sh:3682
 msgid "Stage Lines For Commit"
 msgstr "パッ�行をコミット予定�加�る"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3400
+#: git-gui.sh:3684
 msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
 msgstr "パッ�行をコミット予定�加�る"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3424
+#: git-gui.sh:3709
 msgid "Initializing..."
 msgstr "�期化�����…"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3541
+#: git-gui.sh:3852
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Possible environment issues exist.\n"
@@ -543,7 +573,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "以下�環境変数� %s �起動�る Git サブプロセス�よ��無視�れる��ょ�:\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3570
+#: git-gui.sh:3881
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "This is due to a known issue with the\n"
@@ -553,7 +583,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "�れ� Cygwin ��布�れ��る Tcl �イナリ�\n"
 "関���既知��題�より��"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3575
+#: git-gui.sh:3886
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -568,249 +598,294 @@ msgstr ""
 "個人的� ~/.gitconfig ファイル内� user.name � user.email �値を設定\n"
 "�る���%s �良�代用��り��\n"
 
-#: lib/about.tcl:26
-msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
-msgstr "Git �グラフィカルUI git-gui"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:72
-msgid "File Viewer"
-msgstr "ファイルピューワ"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:78
-msgid "Commit:"
-msgstr "コミット:"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:271
-msgid "Copy Commit"
-msgstr "コミットをコピー"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:275
-msgid "Find Text..."
-msgstr "テキストを検索"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:284
-msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
-msgstr "コピー検知"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:288
-msgid "Show History Context"
-msgstr "文脈を見�る"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:13
+msgid ""
+"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"訂正中��マージ����ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"訂正処�を完了�る���新��マージを開始����ん。\n"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:291
-msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
-msgstr "親コミットを註釈"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:27
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"最後�スキャン��状態�リ�ジトリ�状態��致���ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"最後�スキャン��以後�別� Git プログラム�リ�ジトリを変更�����。マー"
+"ジを開始�る����スキャン�必���。\n"
+"\n"
+"自動的��スキャンを開始���。\n"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:450
+#: lib/merge.tcl:45
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Reading %s..."
-msgstr "%s を読ん����…"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:557
-msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
-msgstr "コピー・移動追跡データを読ん����…"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:577
-msgid "lines annotated"
-msgstr "行を注釈����"
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
+"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"������マージ�途中��。\n"
+"\n"
+"ファイル %s ��マージ中����残�����。\n"
+"\n"
+"��ファイル���を解決��コミット予定�加���コミット�る���マージを"
+"完了���。��や��始���新��マージを開始��るよ���り��。\n"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:769
-msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
-msgstr "元�置行�注釈データを読ん����…"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:55
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s is modified.\n"
+"\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
+"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"変更�途中��。\n"
+"\n"
+"ファイル %s �変更中��。\n"
+"\n"
+"�在�コミットを完了���らマージを開始��下��。���る方�マージ�失敗"
+"�����回復�楽��。\n"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:772
-msgid "Annotation complete."
-msgstr "注釈完了����"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:108
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s of %s"
+msgstr "%s � %s ブラン�"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:802
-msgid "Busy"
-msgstr "実行中"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:122
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
+msgstr "%s � %s をマージ中・・・"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:803
-msgid "Annotation process is already running."
-msgstr "��� blame プロセスを実行中��。"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:133
+msgid "Merge completed successfully."
+msgstr "マージ�完了����"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:842
-msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
-msgstr "コピー検知を実行中…"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:135
+msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
+msgstr "マージ�失敗����。���解決�必���。"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:910
-msgid "Loading annotation..."
-msgstr "注釈を読�込ん����…"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:160
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge Into %s"
+msgstr "%s �マージ"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:963
-msgid "Author:"
-msgstr "作者:"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:166 lib/checkout_op.tcl:567 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:336
+msgid "Visualize"
+msgstr "�視化"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:967
-msgid "Committer:"
-msgstr "コミット者:"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:174 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:43 lib/branch_delete.tcl:34
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:579 lib/branch_rename.tcl:32 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:41
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:202 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:345 lib/option.tcl:127
+#: lib/transport.tcl:141 lib/choose_font.tcl:45 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:30
+#: lib/browser.tcl:292 lib/remote_add.tcl:34 lib/branch_create.tcl:37
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "中止"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:972
-msgid "Original File:"
-msgstr "元ファイル"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:179
+msgid "Revision To Merge"
+msgstr "マージ�るリビジョン"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1020
-msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
-msgstr "HEAD コミット�見��り��ん"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:214
+msgid ""
+"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"訂正中��中止����ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"��今�コミット訂正を完了���下��。\n"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1075
-msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
-msgstr "親コミット�見��り��ん:"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:224
+msgid ""
+"Abort merge?\n"
+"\n"
+"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
+msgstr ""
+"マージを中断����？\n"
+"\n"
+"�在�マージを中断�る��コミット�����全��変更�失�れ��。\n"
+"\n"
+"マージを中断��よ������？"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1090
-msgid "Unable to display parent"
-msgstr "親を表示����ん"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:230
+msgid ""
+"Reset changes?\n"
+"\n"
+"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+msgstr ""
+"変更点をリセット����？\n"
+"\n"
+"変更点をリセット�る��コミット�����全��変更�失�れ��。\n"
+"\n"
+"リセット��よ������？"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1091 lib/diff.tcl:320
-msgid "Error loading diff:"
-msgstr "diff を読む際�エラー��:"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:241
+msgid "Aborting"
+msgstr "中断�����"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1231
-msgid "Originally By:"
-msgstr "原作者:"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:241
+msgid "files reset"
+msgstr "リセット��ファイル"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1237
-msgid "In File:"
-msgstr "ファイル:"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:269
+msgid "Abort failed."
+msgstr "中断�失敗����。"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1242
-msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
-msgstr "複写・移動者:"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:271
+msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
+msgstr "中断完了。"
 
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:14 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:19
-msgid "Checkout Branch"
-msgstr "ブラン�を�ェックアウト"
+#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:116
+msgid "error"
+msgstr "エラー"
 
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:23
-msgid "Checkout"
-msgstr "�ェックアウト"
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+msgid "warning"
+msgstr "警告"
 
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:27 lib/branch_create.tcl:35
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:32 lib/branch_rename.tcl:30 lib/browser.tcl:282
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:579 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
-#: lib/option.tcl:125 lib/remote_add.tcl:32 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:40 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:204 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:352
-#: lib/transport.tcl:108
-msgid "Cancel"
-msgstr "中止"
+#: lib/error.tcl:96
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr "コミット�る���以上�エラーを修正��下��"
 
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:287 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:328
-msgid "Revision"
-msgstr "リビジョン"
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr "Git �ら出�無効�日付: %s"
 
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:36 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:280
-msgid "Options"
-msgstr "オプション"
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
+msgid "Default"
+msgstr "デフォールト"
 
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
-msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
-msgstr "トラッキング・ブラン�をフェッ�"
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "System (%s)"
+msgstr "システム (%s)"
 
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:44
-msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
-msgstr "ローカル・ブラン��ら削除"
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "��他"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:22
-msgid "Create Branch"
-msgstr "ブラン�を作�"
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
+msgstr "リモートブラン�削除"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:27
-msgid "Create New Branch"
-msgstr "ブラン�を新�作�"
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:48
+msgid "From Repository"
+msgstr "元�リ�ジトリ"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:381
-msgid "Create"
-msgstr "作�"
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:51 lib/transport.tcl:165
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr "リモート:"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:40
-msgid "Branch Name"
-msgstr "ブラン��"
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:72 lib/transport.tcl:187
+msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
+msgstr "任���置:"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:43 lib/remote_add.tcl:39 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:50
-msgid "Name:"
-msgstr "��:"
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:88
+msgid "Branches"
+msgstr "ブラン�"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:58
-msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
-msgstr "トラッキング・ブラン��を���る"
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:110
+msgid "Delete Only If"
+msgstr "�件付�削除"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
-msgid "Starting Revision"
-msgstr "�期リビジョン"
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:112
+msgid "Merged Into:"
+msgstr "マージ先:"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
-msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
-msgstr "既存�ブラン�を更新:"
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:120 lib/branch_delete.tcl:53
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr "無�件（マージ検査を���）"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
-msgid "No"
-msgstr "���"
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:153
+msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
+msgstr "'マージ先' ��ブラン��必���。"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
-msgid "Fast Forward Only"
-msgstr "早�り��"
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:185
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+msgstr ""
+"以下�ブラン�� %s �完全�マージ�れ����ん:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:571
-msgid "Reset"
-msgstr "リセット"
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:190
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+msgstr ""
+"必��コミット��足���る����マージ検査�失敗����。�� %s �ら"
+"フェッ���下��。"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
-msgid "Checkout After Creation"
-msgstr "作������ェックアウト"
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:208
+msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
+msgstr "削除�るブラン�を�択��下��。"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:131
-msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
-msgstr "トラッキング・ブラン�を�択��下��。"
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:218 lib/branch_delete.tcl:115
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"削除��ブラン�を回復�る��困難��。\n"
+"\n"
+"�択��ブラン�を削除��良����？"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:140
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:227
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
-msgstr "トラッキング・ブラン� %s ��隔リ�ジトリ�ブラン����り��ん。"
+msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
+msgstr "%s �らブラン�を削除�����。"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:153 lib/branch_rename.tcl:86
-msgid "Please supply a branch name."
-msgstr "ブラン��を指定��下��。"
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:300
+msgid "No repository selected."
+msgstr "リ�ジトリ��択�れ����ん。"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:164 lib/branch_rename.tcl:106
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:305
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
-msgstr "'%s' �ブラン���使���ん。"
+msgid "Scanning %s..."
+msgstr "%s をスキャン�����…"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:15
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:16
 msgid "Delete Branch"
 msgstr "ブラン�削除"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:20
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:21
 msgid "Delete Local Branch"
 msgstr "ローカル・ブラン�を削除"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:37
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:39
 msgid "Local Branches"
 msgstr "ローカル・ブラン�"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:52
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:51
 msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
 msgstr "マージ済��時��削除"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:119
-msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
-msgstr "無�件（マージ検査を���）"
-
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
 msgstr "以下�ブラン�� %s �完全�マージ�れ����ん:"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:115 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:217
-msgid ""
-"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
-"\n"
-"Delete the selected branches?"
-msgstr ""
-"削除��ブラン�を回復�る��困難��。\n"
-"\n"
-"�択��ブラン�を削除��良����？"
-
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
@@ -820,62 +895,63 @@ msgstr ""
 "以下�ブラン�を削除����ん:\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:14 lib/branch_rename.tcl:22
-msgid "Rename Branch"
-msgstr "ブラン����変更"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:52
+msgid "This Detached Checkout"
+msgstr "分離�れ��ェックアウト"
 
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:26
-msgid "Rename"
-msgstr "��変更"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
+msgid "Revision Expression:"
+msgstr "リビジョン�:"
 
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:36
-msgid "Branch:"
-msgstr "ブラン�:"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:72
+msgid "Local Branch"
+msgstr "ローカル・ブラン�"
 
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:39
-msgid "New Name:"
-msgstr "新����:"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:77
+msgid "Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "トラッキング・ブラン�"
 
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:75
-msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
-msgstr "��を変更�るブラン�を�ん�下��。"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:82 lib/choose_rev.tcl:544
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "ã‚¿ã‚°"
 
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:202
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:321
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
-msgstr "'%s'���ブラン��既�存在���。"
+msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
+msgstr "無効�リビジョン: %s"
 
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:117
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
-msgstr "'%s'���変更�失敗����。"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:342
+msgid "No revision selected."
+msgstr "リビジョン�未�択��。"
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:17
-msgid "Starting..."
-msgstr "起動中…"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:350
+msgid "Revision expression is empty."
+msgstr "リビジョン��空��。"
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:26
-msgid "File Browser"
-msgstr "ファイル・ブラウザ"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:537
+msgid "Updated"
+msgstr "更新����"
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:126 lib/browser.tcl:143
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Loading %s..."
-msgstr "%s をロード中…"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:565
+msgid "URL"
+msgstr "URL"
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:187
-msgid "[Up To Parent]"
-msgstr "[上�フォルダ�]"
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr "実行中…�待�下��…"
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:267 lib/browser.tcl:273
-msgid "Browse Branch Files"
-msgstr "�在�ブラン��ファイルを見る"
+#: lib/console.tcl:81 lib/checkout_op.tcl:146 lib/database.tcl:30
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:55
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "閉�る"
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:398
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:486 lib/choose_repository.tcl:497
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1028
-msgid "Browse"
-msgstr "ブラウズ"
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr "�功"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr "エラー: コマンド�失敗����"
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:85
 #, tcl-format
@@ -887,11 +963,6 @@ msgstr "%s �ら %s をフェッ������"
 msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
 msgstr "致命的エラー: %s を解決����ん"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:146 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:53
-msgid "Close"
-msgstr "閉�る"
-
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:175
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
@@ -902,6 +973,11 @@ msgstr "ブラン�'%s'�存在���ん。"
 msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
 msgstr "'%s' �簡易 git-pull を設定����ん���"
 
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:202 lib/branch_rename.tcl:102
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "'%s'���ブラン��既�存在���。"
+
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:229
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
@@ -999,9 +1075,9 @@ msgstr "失��れ�コミットを回復�る��簡����り��
 msgid "Reset '%s'?"
 msgstr "'%s' をリセット����？"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:567 lib/merge.tcl:164 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:343
-msgid "Visualize"
-msgstr "�視化"
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:571 lib/branch_create.tcl:85
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr "リセット"
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:635
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1019,509 +1095,838 @@ msgstr ""
 "����� Git �内部データを更新����ん���。\n"
 "起�る�����エラー��。��ら�� %s を終了���。"
 
-#: lib/choose_font.tcl:39
-msgid "Select"
-msgstr "�択"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:73
+msgid "File Viewer"
+msgstr "ファイルピューワ"
 
-#: lib/choose_font.tcl:53
-msgid "Font Family"
-msgstr "フォント・ファミリー"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:79
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr "コミット:"
 
-#: lib/choose_font.tcl:74
-msgid "Font Size"
-msgstr "フォント�大��"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:280
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr "コミットをコピー"
 
-#: lib/choose_font.tcl:91
-msgid "Font Example"
-msgstr "フォント・サンプル"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr "テキストを検索"
 
-#: lib/choose_font.tcl:103
-msgid ""
-"This is example text.\n"
-"If you like this text, it can be your font."
-msgstr ""
-"�れ�サンプル文��。\n"
-"��フォント�気�入れ��使���れ��。"
+#: lib/blame.tcl:288
+msgid "Goto Line..."
+msgstr "指定行�移動…"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:297
+msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
+msgstr "コピー検知"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:301
+msgid "Show History Context"
+msgstr "文脈を見�る"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:304
+msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
+msgstr "親コミットを注釈"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:466
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr "%s を読ん����…"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:594
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr "コピー・移動追跡データを読ん����…"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:614
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr "行を注釈����"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:806
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr "元�置行�注釈データを読ん����…"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:809
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr "注釈完了����"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:839
+msgid "Busy"
+msgstr "実行中"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:840
+msgid "Annotation process is already running."
+msgstr "��� blame プロセスを実行中��。"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:879
+msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
+msgstr "コピー検知を実行中…"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:947
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr "注釈を読�込ん����…"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1000
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "作者:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1004
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "コミット者:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1009
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr "元ファイル"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1057
+msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
+msgstr "HEAD コミット�見��り��ん"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1112
+msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
+msgstr "親コミット�見��り��ん:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1127
+msgid "Unable to display parent"
+msgstr "親を表示����ん"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1128 lib/diff.tcl:356
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "diff を読む際�エラー��:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1269
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr "原作者:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1275
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr "ファイル:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1280
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr "複写・移動者:"
+
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr "Git �グラフィカルUI git-gui"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:33
 msgid "Git Gui"
 msgstr "Git GUI"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87 lib/choose_repository.tcl:386
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:92 lib/choose_repository.tcl:412
 msgid "Create New Repository"
 msgstr "新��リ�ジトリを作る"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:93
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:98
 msgid "New..."
 msgstr "新�…"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100 lib/choose_repository.tcl:471
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:105 lib/choose_repository.tcl:496
 msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
 msgstr "既存リ�ジトリを複製�る"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:106
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:116
 msgid "Clone..."
 msgstr "複製…"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1016
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:123 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1064
 msgid "Open Existing Repository"
 msgstr "既存リ�ジトリを開�"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:119
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:129
 msgid "Open..."
 msgstr "開�…"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:142
 msgid "Recent Repositories"
 msgstr "最近使��リ�ジトリ"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:138
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:148
 msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
 msgstr "最近使��リ�ジトリを開�"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:306 lib/choose_repository.tcl:313
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:320
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:316 lib/choose_repository.tcl:323
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:330
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
 msgstr "リ�ジトリ %s を作製����ん:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:391
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:407 lib/branch_create.tcl:33
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "作�"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:417
 msgid "Directory:"
 msgstr "ディレクトリ:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:423 lib/choose_repository.tcl:550
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1052
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:422 lib/choose_repository.tcl:509
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:518 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1074
+#: lib/browser.tcl:288
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr "ブラウズ"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:447 lib/choose_repository.tcl:573
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1098
 msgid "Git Repository"
 msgstr "GIT リ�ジトリ"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:448
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:472
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Directory %s already exists."
 msgstr "ディレクトリ '%s' �既�存在���。"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:452
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:476
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "File %s already exists."
 msgstr "ファイル '%s' �既�存在���。"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:466
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:491
 msgid "Clone"
 msgstr "複製"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:479
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:504
 msgid "Source Location:"
 msgstr "ソース��置"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:490
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:513
 msgid "Target Directory:"
 msgstr "先ディレクトリ:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:502
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:523
 msgid "Clone Type:"
 msgstr "複製方�:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:508
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:528
 msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
 msgstr "標準(高速・中冗長度・�ードリンク)"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:514
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:533
 msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
 msgstr "全複写(低速・冗長�ックアップ)"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:520
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:538
 msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
 msgstr "共有(最高速・�推奨・�ックアップ無�)"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:556 lib/choose_repository.tcl:603
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:749 lib/choose_repository.tcl:819
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1058 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1066
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:545
+msgid "Recursively clone submodules too"
+msgstr "サブモジュールも�帰的�複製�る"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:579 lib/choose_repository.tcl:626
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:772 lib/choose_repository.tcl:842
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1104 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1112
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
 msgstr "Git リ�ジトリ���り��ん: %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:592
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:615
 msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
 msgstr "標準方���一計算機上�リ�ジトリ���使���。"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:596
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:619
 msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
 msgstr "共有方���一計算機上�リ�ジトリ���使���。"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:617
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:640
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Location %s already exists."
 msgstr "'%s' �既�存在���。"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:628
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:651
 msgid "Failed to configure origin"
 msgstr "origin を設定����ん���"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:640
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:663
 msgid "Counting objects"
 msgstr "オブジェクトを数�����"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:641
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:664
 msgid "buckets"
 msgstr "�ケツ"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:665
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:688
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
 msgstr "objects/info/alternates を複写����ん: %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:701
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:724
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
 msgstr "%s �ら複製�る内容��り��ん"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:703 lib/choose_repository.tcl:917
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:929
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:726 lib/choose_repository.tcl:940
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:952
 msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
 msgstr "'master' ブラン���期化�れ����ん"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:716
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:739
 msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
 msgstr "�ードリンク�作れ�����コピー���"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:728
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:751
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Cloning from %s"
 msgstr "%s �ら複製�����"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:759
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:782
 msgid "Copying objects"
 msgstr "オブジェクトを複写�����"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:760
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:783
 msgid "KiB"
 msgstr "KiB"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:784
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:807
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
 msgstr "オブジェクトを複写����ん: %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:794
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:817
 msgid "Linking objects"
 msgstr "オブジェクトを連������"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:795
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:818
 msgid "objects"
 msgstr "オブジェクト"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:803
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:826
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
 msgstr "オブジェクトを�ードリンク����ん: %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:858
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:881
 msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
 msgstr "ブラン�やオブジェクトを�得����ん。コンソール出力を見�下��"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:869
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:892
 msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
 msgstr "タグを�得����ん。コンソール出力を見�下��"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:893
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:916
 msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
 msgstr "HEAD を確定����ん。コンソール出力を見�下��"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:925
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
 msgstr "%s を掃除����ん"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:908
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:931
 msgid "Clone failed."
 msgstr "複写�失敗����。"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:915
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:938
 msgid "No default branch obtained."
 msgstr "デフォールト・ブラン���得�れ��ん���"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:926
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:949
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
 msgstr "%s をコミット���解釈����ん"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:938
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:961
 msgid "Creating working directory"
 msgstr "作業ディレクトリを作������"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:939 lib/index.tcl:67 lib/index.tcl:130
-#: lib/index.tcl:198
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:962 lib/index.tcl:70 lib/index.tcl:136
+#: lib/index.tcl:207
 msgid "files"
 msgstr "ファイル"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:968
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:981
+msgid "Cannot clone submodules."
+msgstr "サブモジュール�複製����ん。"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:990
+msgid "Cloning submodules"
+msgstr "サブモジュールを複製�����"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1015
 msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
 msgstr "�期�ェックアウト�失敗����"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1011
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1059
 msgid "Open"
 msgstr "開�"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1021
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1069
 msgid "Repository:"
 msgstr "リ�ジトリ:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1072
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1118
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
 msgstr "リ�ジトリ %s を開���ん:"
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:53
-msgid "This Detached Checkout"
-msgstr "分離�れ��ェックアウト"
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:15 lib/branch_rename.tcl:23
+msgid "Rename Branch"
+msgstr "ブラン����変更"
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
-msgid "Revision Expression:"
-msgstr "リビジョン�:"
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:28
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr "��変更"
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:74
-msgid "Local Branch"
-msgstr "ローカル・ブラン�"
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:38
+msgid "Branch:"
+msgstr "ブラン�:"
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:79
-msgid "Tracking Branch"
-msgstr "トラッキング・ブラン�"
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:46
+msgid "New Name:"
+msgstr "新����:"
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:84 lib/choose_rev.tcl:538
-msgid "Tag"
-msgstr "ã‚¿ã‚°"
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:81
+msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
+msgstr "��を変更�るブラン�を�ん�下��。"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:92 lib/branch_create.tcl:154
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr "ブラン��を指定��下��。"
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:317
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:112 lib/branch_create.tcl:165
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
-msgstr "無効�リビジョン: %s"
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr "'%s' �ブラン���使���ん。"
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:338
-msgid "No revision selected."
-msgstr "リビジョン�未�択��。"
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:123
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
+msgstr "'%s'���変更�失敗����。"
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:346
-msgid "Revision expression is empty."
-msgstr "リビジョン��空��。"
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:21 lib/shortcut.tcl:62
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr "ショートカット�書���ん:"
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:531
-msgid "Updated"
-msgstr "更新����"
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:137
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr "アイコン�書���ん:"
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:559
-msgid "URL"
-msgstr "URL"
+#: lib/search.tcl:48
+msgid "Find:"
+msgstr "検索:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:9
-msgid ""
-"There is nothing to amend.\n"
-"\n"
-"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
-"to amend.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"訂正�るコミット��も�も�り��ん。\n"
-"\n"
-"�れ�ら作る��最��コミット��。�������訂正�るよ��コミット��"
-"り��ん。\n"
+#: lib/search.tcl:50
+msgid "Next"
+msgstr "次"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+#: lib/search.tcl:51
+msgid "Prev"
+msgstr "�"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:52
+msgid "RegExp"
+msgstr "正�表�"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:54
+msgid "Case"
+msgstr "大文字�文字を区別"
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:87
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%1$s ... %4$*i %6$s 中� %2$*i (%7$3i%%)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+msgid "Add Tool"
+msgstr "ツール�追加"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr "新�ツールコマンド�追加"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:34
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr "全体�追加"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:37 lib/remote_add.tcl:30
+msgid "Add"
+msgstr "追加"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:46
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr "ツール�詳細"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:49
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr "'/' �サブメニューを区切り��:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:51 lib/remote_add.tcl:41 lib/branch_create.tcl:44
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "��:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:60
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "コマンド:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:71
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr "起動�る��ダイアログを表示"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:77
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr "ユーザ�コミットを一����る ($REVISION �セット���)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:82
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr "ユーザ�他�引数を追加��る ($ARGS �セット���)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:89
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr "コマンド�ら�出力ウィンドウを見���"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:94
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr "パッ����れ��る����動��($FILENAME �空���)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:118
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr "ツール�を指定��下��。"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:126
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "ツール '%s' �既�存在���。"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:148
+#, tcl-format
 msgid ""
-"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
-"\n"
-"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
-"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
-"current merge activity.\n"
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
 msgstr ""
-"マージ中�コミット�訂正�����ん。\n"
-"\n"
-"�在���マージ�途中��。先���マージを中止�������コミット�訂正"
-"�����ん\n"
+"ツールを追加����ん:\n"
+"%s"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:48
-msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
-msgstr "訂正�るコミット�データを読���ん:"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:187
+msgid "Remove Tool"
+msgstr "ツール�削除"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:75
-msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
-msgstr "ユーザ�正体を確�����ん:"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:193
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr "ツールコマンド�削除"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:80
-msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
-msgstr "GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT �無効��:"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:198
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr "削除"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:129
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:231
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr "(�色�ローカルレ�ジトリ�ツール��)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:292
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
-msgstr "警告: Tcl �エンコーディング '%s' をサ�ート�����ん"
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr "コマンドを起動: %s"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:149
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:306
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr "引数"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:321 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:35 lib/browser.tcl:297
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr "リビジョン"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:341
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "OK"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:75
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr "ファイルを�択���ら %s を起動������。"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:91
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %1$s on file \"%2$s\"?"
+msgstr "本当�ファイル \"%2$s\"� %1$s を起動����?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:95
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr "本当� %s を起動����?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:116
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr "ツール: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr "実行中: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:155
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr "ツール�完了����: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr "ツール�失敗����: %s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
+msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
+msgstr "共通�版を使����?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
+msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
+msgstr "自分���版を使����?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
+msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
+msgstr "相手制�版を使����?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
+#, tcl-format
 msgid ""
-"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
 "\n"
-"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
-"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"%s will be overwritten.\n"
 "\n"
-"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
 msgstr ""
-"最後�スキャン��状態�リ�ジトリ�状態��致���ん。\n"
+"競��る変更点���表示�れ��る���注�������。\n"
 "\n"
-"最後�スキャン��以後�別� Git プログラム�リ�ジトリを変更�����。新�"
-"�コミット�る����スキャン�必���。\n"
+"%s �上書��れ��。\n"
 "\n"
-"自動的��スキャンを開始���。\n"
+"やり直���マージ全体をやり直������。"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:172
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
 #, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
-"\n"
-"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
-"before committing.\n"
+msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
 msgstr ""
-"マージ�����ファイル�コミット����ん。\n"
-"\n"
-"ファイル %s ��マージ���残�����。��解決��コミット予定�加�る必"
-"���り��。\n"
+"ファイル %s ��解決�����競�部分����るよ����������?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
+msgstr "%s ��解決をステージ���"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
+msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
+msgstr "ツール��削除やリンク競��扱���ん"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:180
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
+msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
+msgstr "競�ファイル�存在���ん。"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:246
 #, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
-"\n"
-"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"�明�ファイル状態 %s ��。\n"
-"\n"
-"ファイル %s �本プログラム��コミット����ん。\n"
+msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
+msgstr "GUI マージツール���り��ん: %s"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:188
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:275
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
+msgstr "マージツール '%s' �サ�ート�����ん"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:310
+msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
+msgstr "マージツール����起動�����。終了����?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:330
+#, tcl-format
 msgid ""
-"No changes to commit.\n"
-"\n"
-"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+"Error retrieving versions:\n"
+"%s"
 msgstr ""
-"コミット�る変更��り��ん。\n"
-"\n"
-"最低一��変更をコミット予定�加���らコミット��下��。\n"
+"版��り出�時�エラー�出���:\n"
+"%s"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:203
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:350
+#, tcl-format
 msgid ""
-"Please supply a commit message.\n"
-"\n"
-"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
 "\n"
-"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
-"- Second line: Blank\n"
-"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+"%s"
 msgstr ""
-"コミット・メッセージを入力��下��。\n"
-"\n"
-"正��コミット・メッセージ�:\n"
+"マージツール�起動����ん:\n"
 "\n"
-"- 第１行: 何を����を１行��約。\n"
-"- 第２行: 空白\n"
-"- 残り�行: �����変更�良�変更���説明。\n"
-
-#: lib/commit.tcl:234
-msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
-msgstr "コミット�フックを実行中・・・"
+"%s"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:249
-msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
-msgstr "コミット�フック�コミットを拒�����"
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:354
+msgid "Running merge tool..."
+msgstr "マージツールを実行�����..."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:272
-msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
-msgstr "コミット・メッセージ・フックを実行中・・・"
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:382 lib/mergetool.tcl:390
+msgid "Merge tool failed."
+msgstr "マージツール�失敗����。"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:287
-msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
-msgstr "コミット・メッセージ・フック�コミットを拒�����"
+#: lib/option.tcl:11
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "全体エンコーディング� 無効� %s �指定�れ����"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:300
-msgid "Committing changes..."
-msgstr "変更点をコミット中・・・"
+#: lib/option.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "リ�ジトリエンコーディング� 無効� %s �指定�れ����"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:316
-msgid "write-tree failed:"
-msgstr "write-tree �失敗����:"
+#: lib/option.tcl:119
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr "既定値�戻�"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:317 lib/commit.tcl:361 lib/commit.tcl:382
-msgid "Commit failed."
-msgstr "コミット�失敗����。"
+#: lib/option.tcl:123
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr "�存"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:334
+#: lib/option.tcl:133
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
-msgstr "コミット %s �壊れ����"
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr "%s リ�ジトリ"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:339
-msgid ""
-"No changes to commit.\n"
-"\n"
-"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
-"\n"
-"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"コミット�る変更��り��ん。\n"
-"\n"
-"マージ�������一�も変更点��り��ん。\n"
-"\n"
-"自動的��スキャンを開始���。\n"
+#: lib/option.tcl:134
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr "大域（全��リ�ジトリ）"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:346
-msgid "No changes to commit."
-msgstr "コミット�る変更��り��ん。"
+#: lib/option.tcl:140
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr "ユーザ�"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:360
-msgid "commit-tree failed:"
-msgstr "commit-tree �失敗����:"
+#: lib/option.tcl:141
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr "電�メールアドレス"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:381
-msgid "update-ref failed:"
-msgstr "update-ref �失敗����:"
+#: lib/option.tcl:143
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr "マージコミット��約"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:144
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr "マージ�冗長度"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:145
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr "マージ後� diffstat を表示"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:146
+msgid "Use Merge Tool"
+msgstr "マージツールを使用"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:148
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr "ファイル変更時刻を信頼�る"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:149
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr "フェッ�中�トラッキングブラン�を刈る"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:469
+#: lib/option.tcl:150
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr "トラッキングブラン�を���る"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:151
+msgid "Use Textconv For Diffs and Blames"
+msgstr "diff �注釈� textconv を使�"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:152
+msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
+msgstr "変更�れ�ファイル��コピー検知を行��"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:153
+msgid "Maximum Length of Recent Repositories List"
+msgstr "最近使��リ�ジトリ一覧�上�"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:154
+msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
+msgstr "コピーを検知�る最少文字数"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:155
+msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
+msgstr "注釈�る履歴�径（日数）"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:156
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr "diff �文脈行数"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:157
+msgid "Additional Diff Parameters"
+msgstr "diff �追加引数"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:158
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr "コミットメッセージ�テキスト幅"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:159
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr "新��ブラン���テンプレート"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:160
+msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
+msgstr "ファイル内容�デフォールトエンコーディング"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:161
+msgid "Warn before committing to a detached head"
+msgstr "分離 HEAD �コミット��警告�る"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:162
+msgid "Staging of untracked files"
+msgstr "管�外�ファイルをコミット予定�る"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:163
+msgid "Show untracked files"
+msgstr "管�外�ファイルを表示�る"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:164
+msgid "Tab spacing"
+msgstr "タブ幅"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:210
+msgid "Change"
+msgstr "変更"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:254
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr "スペル�ェック辞書"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:284
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr "フォントを変更"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:288
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
-msgstr "コミット %s を作�����: %s"
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr "%s を�択"
 
-#: lib/console.tcl:59
-msgid "Working... please wait..."
-msgstr "実行中…�待�下��…"
+#: lib/option.tcl:294
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr "�イント"
 
-#: lib/console.tcl:186
-msgid "Success"
-msgstr "�功"
+#: lib/option.tcl:308
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "設定"
 
-#: lib/console.tcl:200
-msgid "Error: Command Failed"
-msgstr "エラー: コマンド�失敗����"
+#: lib/option.tcl:310 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:69
+msgid "Options"
+msgstr "オプション"
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:43
+#: lib/option.tcl:345
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr "完全�オプションを�存����ん:"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:42
 msgid "Number of loose objects"
 msgstr "�ら�ら�オブジェクト�数"
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:44
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
 msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
 msgstr "�ら�ら�オブジェクト�使用�るディスク�"
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:45
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
 msgid "Number of packed objects"
 msgstr "パック�れ�オブジェクト�数"
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:46
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
 msgid "Number of packs"
 msgstr "パック�数"
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:47
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
 msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
 msgstr "パック�れ�オブジェクト�使用�るディスク�"
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:48
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
 msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
 msgstr "パック�存在�る�����良�オブジェクト�数"
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:49
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
 msgid "Garbage files"
 msgstr "ゴミファイル"
 
@@ -1549,12 +1954,132 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "データベースを圧縮����？"
 
-#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#: lib/transport.tcl:6 lib/remote_add.tcl:132
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
-msgstr "Git �ら出�無効�日付: %s"
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "%s を�得"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:64
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr "%s �ら新��変更をフェッ������"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr "リモート刈込 %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr "%s �ら削除�れ�トラッキング・ブラン�を刈�����"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:25
+msgid "fetch all remotes"
+msgstr "����リモートを�得"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+msgid "Fetching new changes from all remotes"
+msgstr "����リモート�ら新��変更をフェッ������"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:40
+msgid "remote prune all remotes"
+msgstr "リモート刈込 ����リモート"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:41
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from all remotes"
+msgstr "����リモート�ら削除�れ�トラッキング・ブラン�を刈�����"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:54 lib/transport.tcl:92 lib/transport.tcl:110
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:162
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "%s をプッシュ"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:55
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr "%s �変更をプッシュ�����"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:93
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "%s �ミラー�����"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:111
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr "%3$s � %1$s %2$s をプッシュ�����"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:132
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr "ブラン�をプッシュ"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:147
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr "元�ブラン�"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:162
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr "�り先リ�ジトリ"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:205
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr "通信オプション"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:207
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr "既存ブラン�を上書�(変更を破棄�る�能性��り��)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:211
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr "Thin Pack を使�（���ットワーク接続）"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:215
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr "タグを��る"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:41
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr "�択"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:55
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr "フォント・ファミリー"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:76
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr "フォント�大��"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:93
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr "フォント・サンプル"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:105
+msgid ""
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
+msgstr ""
+"�れ�サンプル文��。\n"
+"��フォント�気�入れ��使���れ��。"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:200
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "プッシュ先"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:218
+msgid "Remove Remote"
+msgstr "リモートを削除"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:223
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "�ら刈込む…"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:228
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "�得元"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:77
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "No differences detected.\n"
@@ -1576,12 +2101,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "�様�状態�ファイルを探�����自動的��スキャンを開始���。"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:104
+#: lib/diff.tcl:117
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
 msgstr "%s �変更点をロード中…"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:125
+#: lib/diff.tcl:140
 msgid ""
 "LOCAL: deleted\n"
 "REMOTE:\n"
@@ -1589,7 +2114,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "LOCAL: 削除\n"
 "Remote:\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:130
+#: lib/diff.tcl:145
 msgid ""
 "REMOTE: deleted\n"
 "LOCAL:\n"
@@ -1597,32 +2122,32 @@ msgstr ""
 "REMOTE: 削除\n"
 "LOCAL:\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:137
+#: lib/diff.tcl:152
 msgid "LOCAL:\n"
 msgstr "LOCAL:\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:140
+#: lib/diff.tcl:155
 msgid "REMOTE:\n"
 msgstr "REMOTE\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:202 lib/diff.tcl:319
+#: lib/diff.tcl:217 lib/diff.tcl:355
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to display %s"
 msgstr "%s を表示����ん"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:203
+#: lib/diff.tcl:218
 msgid "Error loading file:"
 msgstr "ファイルを読む際�エラー��:"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:210
+#: lib/diff.tcl:225
 msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
 msgstr "Git リ�ジトリ(サブプロジェクト)"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:222
+#: lib/diff.tcl:237
 msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
 msgstr "* �イナリファイル(内容�表示���ん)"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:227
+#: lib/diff.tcl:242
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
@@ -1631,7 +2156,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "* 管�外�ファイル�大��� %d �イト��。\n"
 "* 最�� %d �イト��表示�����。\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:233
+#: lib/diff.tcl:248
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -1643,56 +2168,47 @@ msgstr ""
 "* %s �管�外�ファイルを���切り������。\n"
 "* 全体を見る��外部エディタを使������。\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:482
+#: lib/diff.tcl:578
 msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
 msgstr "�択�れ�パッ�をコミット予定�ら外���ん。"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:489
+#: lib/diff.tcl:585
 msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
 msgstr "�択�れ�パッ�をコミット予定�加�られ��ん。"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:568
+#: lib/diff.tcl:664
 msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
 msgstr "�択�れ�パッ�行をコミット予定�ら外���ん。"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:576
+#: lib/diff.tcl:672
 msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
 msgstr "�択�れ�パッ�行をコミット予定�加�られ��ん。"
 
-#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
-msgid "Default"
-msgstr "デフォールト"
-
-#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "System (%s)"
-msgstr "システム (%s)"
-
-#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
-msgid "Other"
-msgstr "��他"
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:16 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:21
+msgid "Checkout Branch"
+msgstr "ブラン�を�ェックアウト"
 
-#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:114
-msgid "error"
-msgstr "エラー"
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:26
+msgid "Checkout"
+msgstr "�ェックアウト"
 
-#: lib/error.tcl:36
-msgid "warning"
-msgstr "警告"
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:42 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
+msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "トラッキング・ブラン�をフェッ�"
 
-#: lib/error.tcl:94
-msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
-msgstr "コミット�る���以上�エラーを修正��下��"
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:47
+msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
+msgstr "ローカル・ブラン��ら削除"
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:6
 msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
 msgstr "インデックスをロック����ん"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:15
+#: lib/index.tcl:17
 msgid "Index Error"
 msgstr "索引エラー"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:17
+#: lib/index.tcl:19
 msgid ""
 "Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
 "resynchronize git-gui."
@@ -1700,433 +2216,330 @@ msgstr ""
 "GIT インデックス�更新�失敗����。git-gui ��期を�る����スキャン�"
 "��。"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:28
+#: lib/index.tcl:30
 msgid "Continue"
 msgstr "続行"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:31
+#: lib/index.tcl:33
 msgid "Unlock Index"
 msgstr "インデックス�ロック解除"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:289
+#: lib/index.tcl:298
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
 msgstr "コミット�ら '%s' を���"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:328
+#: lib/index.tcl:337
 msgid "Ready to commit."
 msgstr "コミット準備完了"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:341
+#: lib/index.tcl:350
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Adding %s"
 msgstr "コミット� %s を加�����"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:398
+#: lib/index.tcl:380
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Stage %d untracked files?"
+msgstr "管�外� %d ファイルをコミット予定�����？"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:428
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
 msgstr "ファイル %s ���変更を元�戻����？"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:400
+#: lib/index.tcl:430
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
 msgstr "�れら %i 個�ファイル���変更を元�戻����？"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:408
+#: lib/index.tcl:438
 msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
 msgstr "変更を元�戻��コミット予定�����変更�全�失�れ��。"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:411
+#: lib/index.tcl:441
 msgid "Do Nothing"
 msgstr "何も���"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:429
+#: lib/index.tcl:459
 msgid "Reverting selected files"
 msgstr "�択�れ�ファイル���変更を元�戻���"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:433
+#: lib/index.tcl:463
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reverting %s"
 msgstr "%s ���変更を元�戻���"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:13
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
+msgid "No keys found."
+msgstr "キー��り��ん。"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
+msgstr "公開���り���: %s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
+msgid "Generate Key"
+msgstr "�を生�"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:58
+msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
+msgstr "クリップボード�コピー"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:72
+msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
+msgstr "���� OpenSSH 公開�"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:80
+msgid "Generating..."
+msgstr "生�中..."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:86
+#, tcl-format
 msgid ""
-"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
+"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
 "\n"
-"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
+"%s"
 msgstr ""
-"訂正中��マージ����ん。\n"
+"ssh-keygen を起動����ん:\n"
 "\n"
-"訂正処�を完了�る���新��マージを開始����ん。\n"
+"%s"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:27
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:113
+msgid "Generation failed."
+msgstr "生��失敗����。"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:120
+msgid "Generation succeeded, but no keys found."
+msgstr "生����功��������見��り��ん。"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:123
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Your key is in: %s"
+msgstr "������ %s ��り��"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:9
 msgid ""
-"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
-"\n"
-"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
-"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"There is nothing to amend.\n"
 "\n"
-"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
+"to amend.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"最後�スキャン��状態�リ�ジトリ�状態��致���ん。\n"
-"\n"
-"最後�スキャン��以後�別� Git プログラム�リ�ジトリを変更�����。マー"
-"ジを開始�る����スキャン�必���。\n"
+"訂正�るコミット��も�も�り��ん。\n"
 "\n"
-"自動的��スキャンを開始���。\n"
+"�れ�ら作る��最��コミット��。�������訂正�るよ��コミット��"
+"り��ん。\n"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:45
-#, tcl-format
+#: lib/commit.tcl:18
 msgid ""
-"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
-"\n"
-"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
 "\n"
-"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
-"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
+"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
+"current merge activity.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"������マージ�途中��。\n"
-"\n"
-"ファイル %s ��マージ中����残�����。\n"
+"マージ中�コミット�訂正�����ん。\n"
 "\n"
-"��ファイル���を解決��コミット予定�加���コミット�る���マージを"
-"完了���。��や��始���新��マージを開始��るよ���り��。\n"
+"�在���マージ�途中��。先���マージを中止�������コミット�訂正"
+"�����ん\n"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:55
+#: lib/commit.tcl:48
+msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
+msgstr "訂正�るコミット�データを読���ん:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:75
+msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
+msgstr "ユーザ�正体を確�����ん:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:80
+msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT �無効��:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:129
 #, tcl-format
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr "警告: Tcl �エンコーディング '%s' をサ�ート�����ん"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:149
 msgid ""
-"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
 "\n"
-"File %s is modified.\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
 "\n"
-"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
-"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"変更�途中��。\n"
+"最後�スキャン��状態�リ�ジトリ�状態��致���ん。\n"
 "\n"
-"ファイル %s �変更中��。\n"
+"最後�スキャン��以後�別� Git プログラム�リ�ジトリを変更�����。新�"
+"�コミット�る����スキャン�必���。\n"
 "\n"
-"�在�コミットを完了���らマージを開始��下��。���る方�マージ�失敗"
-"�����回復�楽��。\n"
-
-#: lib/merge.tcl:107
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "%s of %s"
-msgstr "%s � %s ブラン�"
+"自動的��スキャンを開始���。\n"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:120
+#: lib/commit.tcl:173
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
-msgstr "%s � %s をマージ中・・・"
-
-#: lib/merge.tcl:131
-msgid "Merge completed successfully."
-msgstr "マージ�完了����"
-
-#: lib/merge.tcl:133
-msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
-msgstr "マージ�失敗����。���解決�必���。"
+msgid ""
+"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
+"before committing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"マージ�����ファイル�コミット����ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"ファイル %s ��マージ���残�����。��解決��コミット予定�加�る必"
+"���り��。\n"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:158
+#: lib/commit.tcl:181
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Merge Into %s"
-msgstr "%s �マージ"
-
-#: lib/merge.tcl:177
-msgid "Revision To Merge"
-msgstr "マージ�るリビジョン"
-
-#: lib/merge.tcl:212
 msgid ""
-"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
+"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
 "\n"
-"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
+"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"訂正中��中止����ん。\n"
+"�明�ファイル状態 %s ��。\n"
 "\n"
-"��今�コミット訂正を完了���下��。\n"
+"ファイル %s �本プログラム��コミット����ん。\n"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:222
+#: lib/commit.tcl:189
 msgid ""
-"Abort merge?\n"
-"\n"
-"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"No changes to commit.\n"
 "\n"
-"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
+"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"マージを中断����？\n"
-"\n"
-"�在�マージを中断�る��コミット�����全��変更�失�れ��。\n"
+"コミット�る変更��り��ん。\n"
 "\n"
-"マージを中断��よ������？"
+"最低一��変更をコミット予定�加���らコミット��下��。\n"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:228
+#: lib/commit.tcl:204
 msgid ""
-"Reset changes?\n"
+"Please supply a commit message.\n"
 "\n"
-"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
 "\n"
-"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
+"- Second line: Blank\n"
+"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"変更点をリセット����？\n"
+"コミット・メッセージを入力��下��。\n"
 "\n"
-"変更点をリセット�る��コミット�����全��変更�失�れ��。\n"
+"正��コミット・メッセージ�:\n"
 "\n"
-"リセット��よ������？"
-
-#: lib/merge.tcl:239
-msgid "Aborting"
-msgstr "中断�����"
-
-#: lib/merge.tcl:239
-msgid "files reset"
-msgstr "リセット��ファイル"
-
-#: lib/merge.tcl:267
-msgid "Abort failed."
-msgstr "中断�失敗����。"
-
-#: lib/merge.tcl:269
-msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
-msgstr "中断完了。"
-
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
-msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
-msgstr "共通�版を使����?"
+"- 第１行: 何を����を１行��約。\n"
+"- 第２行: 空白\n"
+"- 残り�行: �����変更�良�変更���説明。\n"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
-msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
-msgstr "自分���版を使����?"
+#: lib/commit.tcl:235
+msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
+msgstr "コミット�フックを実行中・・・"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
-msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
-msgstr "相手制�版を使����?"
+#: lib/commit.tcl:250
+msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
+msgstr "コミット�フック�コミットを拒�����"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
-#, tcl-format
+#: lib/commit.tcl:269
 msgid ""
-"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
-"\n"
-"%s will be overwritten.\n"
-"\n"
-"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
+"You are about to commit on a detached head. This is a potentially dangerous "
+"thing to do because if you switch to another branch you will lose your "
+"changes and it can be difficult to retrieve them later from the reflog. You "
+"should probably cancel this commit and create a new branch to continue.\n"
+" \n"
+" Do you really want to proceed with your Commit?"
 msgstr ""
-"競��る変更点���表示�れ��る���注�������。\n"
+"分離 HEAD ��変更をコミット�よ�������。"
+"�れ�潜在的��険�行為���由�別�ブラン���切り替��"
+"変更�消失��reflog �ら�事後復旧も困難��る����。"
+"��ら���コミット�キャンセル�新��作���ブラン��"
+"行�����。\n"
 "\n"
-"%s �上書��れ��。\n"
-"\n"
-"やり直���マージ全体をやり直������。"
+" 本当�コミットを続行����？"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
-msgstr ""
-"ファイル %s ��解決�����競�部分����るよ����������?"
-
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
-msgstr "%s ��解決をステージ���"
-
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
-msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
-msgstr "ツール��削除やリンク競��扱���ん"
+#: lib/commit.tcl:290
+msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "コミット・メッセージ・フックを実行中・・・"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
-msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
-msgstr "競�ファイル�存在���ん。"
+#: lib/commit.tcl:305
+msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "コミット・メッセージ・フック�コミットを拒�����"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:264
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
-msgstr "GUI マージツール���り��ん: %s"
+#: lib/commit.tcl:318
+msgid "Committing changes..."
+msgstr "変更点をコミット中・・・"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:268
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
-msgstr "マージツール '%s' �サ�ート�����ん"
+#: lib/commit.tcl:334
+msgid "write-tree failed:"
+msgstr "write-tree �失敗����:"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:303
-msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
-msgstr "マージツール����起動�����。終了����?"
+#: lib/commit.tcl:335 lib/commit.tcl:379 lib/commit.tcl:400
+msgid "Commit failed."
+msgstr "コミット�失敗����。"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:323
+#: lib/commit.tcl:352
 #, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"Error retrieving versions:\n"
-"%s"
-msgstr ""
-"版��り出�時�エラー�出���:\n"
-"%s"
+msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
+msgstr "コミット %s �壊れ����"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:343
-#, tcl-format
+#: lib/commit.tcl:357
 msgid ""
-"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
+"No changes to commit.\n"
 "\n"
-"%s"
+"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"マージツール�起動����ん:\n"
+"コミット�る変更��り��ん。\n"
 "\n"
-"%s"
-
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:347
-msgid "Running merge tool..."
-msgstr "マージツールを実行�����..."
-
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:375 lib/mergetool.tcl:383
-msgid "Merge tool failed."
-msgstr "マージツール�失敗����。"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:11
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
-msgstr "全体エンコーディング� 無効� %s �指定�れ����"
+"マージ�������一�も変更点��り��ん。\n"
+"\n"
+"自動的��スキャンを開始���。\n"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:19
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
-msgstr "リ�ジトリエンコーディング� 無効� %s �指定�れ����"
+#: lib/commit.tcl:364
+msgid "No changes to commit."
+msgstr "コミット�る変更��り��ん。"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:117
-msgid "Restore Defaults"
-msgstr "既定値�戻�"
+#: lib/commit.tcl:378
+msgid "commit-tree failed:"
+msgstr "commit-tree �失敗����:"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:121
-msgid "Save"
-msgstr "�存"
+#: lib/commit.tcl:399
+msgid "update-ref failed:"
+msgstr "update-ref �失敗����:"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:131
+#: lib/commit.tcl:492
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "%s Repository"
-msgstr "%s リ�ジトリ"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:132
-msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
-msgstr "大域（全��リ�ジトリ）"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:138
-msgid "User Name"
-msgstr "ユーザ�"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:139
-msgid "Email Address"
-msgstr "電�メールアドレス"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:141
-msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
-msgstr "マージコミット��約"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:142
-msgid "Merge Verbosity"
-msgstr "マージ�冗長度"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:143
-msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
-msgstr "マージ後� diffstat を表示"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:144
-msgid "Use Merge Tool"
-msgstr "マージツールを使用"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:146
-msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
-msgstr "ファイル変更時刻を信頼�る"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:147
-msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
-msgstr "フェッ�中�トラッキングブラン�を刈る"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:148
-msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
-msgstr "トラッキングブラン�を���る"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:149
-msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
-msgstr "変更�れ�ファイル��コピー検知を行��"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:150
-msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
-msgstr "コピーを検知�る最少文字数"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:151
-msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
-msgstr "註釈�る履歴�径（日数）"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:152
-msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
-msgstr "diff �文脈行数"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:153
-msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
-msgstr "コミットメッセージ�テキスト幅"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:154
-msgid "New Branch Name Template"
-msgstr "新��ブラン���テンプレート"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:155
-msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
-msgstr "ファイル内容�デフォールトエンコーディング"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:203
-msgid "Change"
-msgstr "変更"
+msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
+msgstr "コミット %s を作�����: %s"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:230
-msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
-msgstr "スペル�ェック辞書"
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr "起動中…"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:254
-msgid "Change Font"
-msgstr "フォントを変更"
+#: lib/browser.tcl:27
+msgid "File Browser"
+msgstr "ファイル・ブラウザ"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:258
+#: lib/browser.tcl:132 lib/browser.tcl:149
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Choose %s"
-msgstr "%s を�択"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:264
-msgid "pt."
-msgstr "�イント"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:278
-msgid "Preferences"
-msgstr "設定"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:314
-msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
-msgstr "完全�オプションを�存����ん:"
-
-#: lib/remote.tcl:163
-msgid "Remove Remote"
-msgstr "リモートを削除"
-
-#: lib/remote.tcl:168
-msgid "Prune from"
-msgstr "�ら刈込む…"
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr "%s をロード中…"
 
-#: lib/remote.tcl:173
-msgid "Fetch from"
-msgstr "�得元"
+#: lib/browser.tcl:193
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr "[上�フォルダ�]"
 
-#: lib/remote.tcl:215
-msgid "Push to"
-msgstr "プッシュ先"
+#: lib/browser.tcl:275 lib/browser.tcl:282
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "�在�ブラン��ファイルを見る"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:19
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:20
 msgid "Add Remote"
 msgstr "リモートを追加"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:24
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:25
 msgid "Add New Remote"
 msgstr "リモートを新��追加"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:28 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:36
-msgid "Add"
-msgstr "追加"
-
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:37
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:39
 msgid "Remote Details"
 msgstr "リモート�詳細"
 
@@ -2134,155 +2547,104 @@ msgstr "リモート�詳細"
 msgid "Location:"
 msgstr "場所:"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:62
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:60
 msgid "Further Action"
 msgstr "��他�動作"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:65
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:63
 msgid "Fetch Immediately"
 msgstr "�座��得"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:71
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:69
 msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
 msgstr "リモートレ�ジトリを�期化��プッシュ"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:77
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:75
 msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
 msgstr "何も���"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:101
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:100
 msgid "Please supply a remote name."
 msgstr "リモート�を指定��下��。"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:114
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:113
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
 msgstr "'%s' �リモート��使���ん。"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:125
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:124
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
 msgstr "場所 '%2$s' �リモート '%1$s'���変更�失敗����。"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133 lib/transport.tcl:6
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "fetch %s"
-msgstr "%s を�得"
-
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:134
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Fetching the %s"
 msgstr "%s �らフェッ������"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:157
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:156
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
 msgstr "リ�ジトリ '%s' を�期化����ん。"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
-#: lib/transport.tcl:81
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "push %s"
-msgstr "%s をプッシュ"
-
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:164
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
 msgstr "%2$s ��る %1$s をセットアップ���"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
-msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
-msgstr "�隔�ブラン�削除"
-
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
-msgid "From Repository"
-msgstr "元�リ�ジトリ"
+#: lib/line.tcl:17
+msgid "Goto Line:"
+msgstr "行番�"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:134
-msgid "Remote:"
-msgstr "リモート:"
+#: lib/line.tcl:23
+msgid "Go"
+msgstr "移動"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:149
-msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
-msgstr "任���置:"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:23
+msgid "Create Branch"
+msgstr "ブラン�を作�"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:84
-msgid "Branches"
-msgstr "ブラン�"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:28
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr "ブラン�を新�作�"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:109
-msgid "Delete Only If"
-msgstr "�件付�削除"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:42
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr "ブラン��"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:111
-msgid "Merged Into:"
-msgstr "マージ先:"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:57
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr "トラッキング・ブラン��を���る"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:152
-msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
-msgstr "'マージ先' ��ブラン��必���。"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr "�期リビジョン"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:184
-#, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
-"\n"
-" - %s"
-msgstr ""
-"以下�ブラン�� %s �完全�マージ�れ����ん:\n"
-"\n"
-" - %s"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr "既存�ブラン�を更新:"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
-#, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
-"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
-msgstr ""
-"必��コミット��足���る����マージ検査�失敗����。�� %s �ら"
-"フェッ���下��。"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+msgid "No"
+msgstr "���"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:207
-msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
-msgstr "削除�るブラン�を�択��下��。"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr "早�り��"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:226
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
-msgstr "%s �らブラン�を削除�����。"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr "作������ェックアウト"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:292
-msgid "No repository selected."
-msgstr "リ�ジトリ��択�れ����ん。"
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:132
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr "トラッキング・ブラン�を�択��下��。"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:297
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:141
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Scanning %s..."
-msgstr "%s をスキャン�����…"
-
-#: lib/search.tcl:21
-msgid "Find:"
-msgstr "検索:"
-
-#: lib/search.tcl:23
-msgid "Next"
-msgstr "次"
-
-#: lib/search.tcl:24
-msgid "Prev"
-msgstr "�"
-
-#: lib/search.tcl:25
-msgid "Case-Sensitive"
-msgstr "大文字�文字を区別"
-
-#: lib/shortcut.tcl:21 lib/shortcut.tcl:62
-msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
-msgstr "ショートカット�書���ん:"
-
-#: lib/shortcut.tcl:137
-msgid "Cannot write icon:"
-msgstr "アイコン�書���ん:"
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr ""
+"トラッキング・ブラン� %s �リモートリ�ジトリ�ブラン����り��ん。"
 
 #: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
 msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
@@ -2320,236 +2682,3 @@ msgstr "スペル�ェッカー�予想外� EOF を返����"
 #: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
 msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
 msgstr "スペル�ェック失敗"
-
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
-msgid "No keys found."
-msgstr "キー��り��ん。"
-
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
-msgstr "公開���り���: %s"
-
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
-msgid "Generate Key"
-msgstr "�を生�"
-
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:56
-msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
-msgstr "クリップボード�コピー"
-
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:70
-msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
-msgstr "���� OpenSSH 公開�"
-
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:78
-msgid "Generating..."
-msgstr "生�中..."
-
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:84
-#, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
-"\n"
-"%s"
-msgstr ""
-"ssh-keygen を起動����ん:\n"
-"\n"
-"%s"
-
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:111
-msgid "Generation failed."
-msgstr "生��失敗����。"
-
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
-msgid "Generation succeeded, but no keys found."
-msgstr "生����功��������見��り��ん。"
-
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Your key is in: %s"
-msgstr "������ %s ��り��"
-
-#: lib/status_bar.tcl:83
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
-msgstr "%1$s ... %4$*i %6$s 中� %2$*i (%7$3i%%)"
-
-#: lib/tools.tcl:75
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
-msgstr "ファイルを�択���ら %s を起動������。"
-
-#: lib/tools.tcl:90
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
-msgstr "本当� %s を起動����?"
-
-#: lib/tools.tcl:110
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool: %s"
-msgstr "ツール: %s"
-
-#: lib/tools.tcl:111
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Running: %s"
-msgstr "実行中: %s"
-
-#: lib/tools.tcl:149
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
-msgstr "ツール�完了����: %s"
-
-#: lib/tools.tcl:151
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool failed: %s"
-msgstr "ツール�失敗����: %s"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
-msgid "Add Tool"
-msgstr "ツール�追加"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
-msgid "Add New Tool Command"
-msgstr "新�ツールコマンド�追加"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:33
-msgid "Add globally"
-msgstr "全体�追加"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:45
-msgid "Tool Details"
-msgstr "ツール�詳細"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:48
-msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
-msgstr "'/' �サブメニューを区切り��:"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:61
-msgid "Command:"
-msgstr "コマンド:"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:74
-msgid "Show a dialog before running"
-msgstr "起動�る��ダイアログを表示"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:80
-msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
-msgstr "ユーザ�コミットを一����る ($REVISION �セット���)"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:85
-msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
-msgstr "ユーザ�他�引数を追加��る ($ARGS �セット���)"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:92
-msgid "Don't show the command output window"
-msgstr "コマンド�ら�出力ウィンドウを見���"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:97
-msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
-msgstr "パッ����れ��る����動��($FILENAME �空���)"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:121
-msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
-msgstr "ツール�を指定��下��。"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:129
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
-msgstr "ツール '%s' �既�存在���。"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:151
-#, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"Could not add tool:\n"
-"%s"
-msgstr ""
-"ツールを追加����ん:\n"
-"%s"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:190
-msgid "Remove Tool"
-msgstr "ツール�削除"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:196
-msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
-msgstr "ツールコマンド�削除"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:200
-msgid "Remove"
-msgstr "削除"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:236
-msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
-msgstr "(�色�ローカルレ�ジトリ�ツール��)"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:297
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Run Command: %s"
-msgstr "コマンドを起動: %s"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:311
-msgid "Arguments"
-msgstr "引数"
-
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:348
-msgid "OK"
-msgstr "OK"
-
-#: lib/transport.tcl:7
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
-msgstr "%s �ら新��変更をフェッ������"
-
-#: lib/transport.tcl:18
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "remote prune %s"
-msgstr "�隔刈込 %s"
-
-#: lib/transport.tcl:19
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
-msgstr "%s �ら削除�れ�トラッキング・ブラン�を刈�����"
-
-#: lib/transport.tcl:26
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
-msgstr "%s �変更をプッシュ�����"
-
-#: lib/transport.tcl:64
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Mirroring to %s"
-msgstr "%s �ミラー�����"
-
-#: lib/transport.tcl:82
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
-msgstr "%3$s � %1$s %2$s をプッシュ�����"
-
-#: lib/transport.tcl:100
-msgid "Push Branches"
-msgstr "ブラン�をプッシュ"
-
-#: lib/transport.tcl:114
-msgid "Source Branches"
-msgstr "元�ブラン�"
-
-#: lib/transport.tcl:131
-msgid "Destination Repository"
-msgstr "�り先リ�ジトリ"
-
-#: lib/transport.tcl:169
-msgid "Transfer Options"
-msgstr "通信オプション"
-
-#: lib/transport.tcl:171
-msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
-msgstr "既存ブラン�を上書�(変更を破棄�る�能性��り��)"
-
-#: lib/transport.tcl:175
-msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
-msgstr "Thin Pack を使�（���ットワーク接続）"
-
-#: lib/transport.tcl:179
-msgid "Include tags"
-msgstr "タグを��る"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/pt_pt.po b/git-gui/po/pt_pt.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0ef3c7927d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/pt_pt.po
@@ -0,0 +1,2716 @@
+# Portuguese translations for git-gui package.
+# Copyright (C) 2016 Shawn Pearce, et al.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git package.
+# Vasco Almeida <vascomalmeida@sapo.pt>, 2016.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-05-06 09:36+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-05-06 13:09+0000\n"
+"Last-Translator: Vasco Almeida <vascomalmeida@sapo.pt>\n"
+"Language-Team: Portuguese\n"
+"Language: pt\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+"X-Generator: Virtaal 0.7.1\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:861
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
+msgstr "Tipo de letra inválido especificado em %s:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:915
+msgid "Main Font"
+msgstr "Tipo de letra principal"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:916
+msgid "Diff/Console Font"
+msgstr "Tipo de letra Diferenças/Consola"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:931 git-gui.sh:945 git-gui.sh:958 git-gui.sh:1048
+#: git-gui.sh:1067 git-gui.sh:3125
+msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
+msgstr "git-gui: erro fatal"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:932
+msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
+msgstr "Não é possível encontrar o git em PATH."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:959
+msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
+msgstr "Não é possível analisar a versão do Git:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:984
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Git version cannot be determined.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s claims it is version '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s requires at least Git 1.5.0 or later.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"A versão do Git não pôde ser determinada.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s alega que está na versão '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s requer pelo menos Git 1.5.0 ou mais recente.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assumir que '%s' está na versão 1.5.0?\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1281
+msgid "Git directory not found:"
+msgstr "Diretório Git não encontrado:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1315
+msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
+msgstr "Não é possível mover para o topo do diretório de trabalho:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1323
+msgid "Cannot use bare repository:"
+msgstr "Não é possível usar repositório nu:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1331
+msgid "No working directory"
+msgstr "Nenhum diretório de trabalho"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1503 lib/checkout_op.tcl:306
+msgid "Refreshing file status..."
+msgstr "A atualizar estado do ficheiro..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1563
+msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
+msgstr "A procurar por ficheiros modificados..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1639
+msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr ""
+"A invocar gancho preparar-mensagem-de-commit (prepare-commit-msg hook)..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1656
+msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
+msgstr ""
+"Commit recusado pelo gancho preparar-mensagem-de-commit (prepare-commit-msg "
+"hook)."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1814 lib/browser.tcl:252
+msgid "Ready."
+msgstr "Pronto."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1978
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Display limit (gui.maxfilesdisplayed = %s) reached, not showing all %s files."
+msgstr ""
+"Limite de visualização (gui.maxfilesdisplayed = %s) atingido, não são "
+"mostrados todos os %s ficheiros."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2101
+msgid "Unmodified"
+msgstr "Não modificado"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2103
+msgid "Modified, not staged"
+msgstr "Modificado, não preparado"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2104 git-gui.sh:2116
+msgid "Staged for commit"
+msgstr "Preparado para commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2105 git-gui.sh:2117
+msgid "Portions staged for commit"
+msgstr "Porções preparadas para commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2106 git-gui.sh:2118
+msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
+msgstr "Preparado para commit, em falta"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2108
+msgid "File type changed, not staged"
+msgstr "Tipo de ficheiro modificado, não preparado"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2109 git-gui.sh:2110
+msgid "File type changed, old type staged for commit"
+msgstr "Tipo de ficheiro modificado, tipo antigo preparado para commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2111
+msgid "File type changed, staged"
+msgstr "Tipo de ficheiro modificado, preparado"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2112
+msgid "File type change staged, modification not staged"
+msgstr "Tipo de ficheiro modificado, modificação não preparada"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2113
+msgid "File type change staged, file missing"
+msgstr "Tipo de ficheiro modificado, ficheiro em falta"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2115
+msgid "Untracked, not staged"
+msgstr "Não controlado, não preparado"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2120
+msgid "Missing"
+msgstr "Em falta"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2121
+msgid "Staged for removal"
+msgstr "Preparado para remoção"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2122
+msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
+msgstr "Preparado para remoção, ainda presente"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2124 git-gui.sh:2125 git-gui.sh:2126 git-gui.sh:2127
+#: git-gui.sh:2128 git-gui.sh:2129
+msgid "Requires merge resolution"
+msgstr "Requer resolução de integração"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2164
+msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
+msgstr "A iniciar gitk... aguarde..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2176
+msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
+msgstr "Não foi possível encontrar gitk em PATH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2235
+msgid "Couldn't find git gui in PATH"
+msgstr "Não foi possível encontrar git gui em PATH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2654 lib/choose_repository.tcl:41
+msgid "Repository"
+msgstr "Repositório"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2655
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Editar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2657 lib/choose_rev.tcl:567
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Ramo"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2660 lib/choose_rev.tcl:554
+msgid "Commit@@noun"
+msgstr "Commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2663 lib/merge.tcl:123 lib/merge.tcl:152 lib/merge.tcl:170
+msgid "Merge"
+msgstr "Integrar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2664 lib/choose_rev.tcl:563
+msgid "Remote"
+msgstr "Remoto"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2667
+msgid "Tools"
+msgstr "Ferramentas"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2676
+msgid "Explore Working Copy"
+msgstr "Explorar cópia de trabalho"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2682
+msgid "Git Bash"
+msgstr "Git Bash"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2692
+msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
+msgstr "Navegar pelos ficheiro do ramo atual"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2696
+msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
+msgstr "Navegar pelos ficheiros do ramo..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2701
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
+msgstr "Visualizar histórico do ramo atual"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2705
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
+msgstr "Visualizar histórico de todos os ramos"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2712
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Browse %s's Files"
+msgstr "Navegar pelos ficheiro de %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2714
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Visualize %s's History"
+msgstr "Visualizar histórico de %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2719 lib/database.tcl:40 lib/database.tcl:66
+msgid "Database Statistics"
+msgstr "Estatísticas da base de dados"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2722 lib/database.tcl:33
+msgid "Compress Database"
+msgstr "Comprimir base de dados"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2725
+msgid "Verify Database"
+msgstr "Verificar base de dados"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2732 git-gui.sh:2736 git-gui.sh:2740 lib/shortcut.tcl:8
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:40 lib/shortcut.tcl:72
+msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
+msgstr "Criar ícone no ambiente de trabalho"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2748 lib/choose_repository.tcl:193 lib/choose_repository.tcl:201
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Sair"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2756
+msgid "Undo"
+msgstr "Desfazer"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2759
+msgid "Redo"
+msgstr "Refazer"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2763 git-gui.sh:3368
+msgid "Cut"
+msgstr "Cortar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2766 git-gui.sh:3371 git-gui.sh:3445 git-gui.sh:3530
+#: lib/console.tcl:69
+msgid "Copy"
+msgstr "Copiar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2769 git-gui.sh:3374
+msgid "Paste"
+msgstr "Colar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2772 git-gui.sh:3377 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:39
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:28
+msgid "Delete"
+msgstr "Eliminar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2776 git-gui.sh:3381 git-gui.sh:3534 lib/console.tcl:71
+msgid "Select All"
+msgstr "Selecionar tudo"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2785
+msgid "Create..."
+msgstr "Criar..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2791
+msgid "Checkout..."
+msgstr "Extrair..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2797
+msgid "Rename..."
+msgstr "Mudar nome..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2802
+msgid "Delete..."
+msgstr "Eliminar..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2807
+msgid "Reset..."
+msgstr "Repor..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2817
+msgid "Done"
+msgstr "Concluído"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2819
+msgid "Commit@@verb"
+msgstr "Submeter"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2828 git-gui.sh:3309
+msgid "New Commit"
+msgstr "Novo commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2836 git-gui.sh:3316
+msgid "Amend Last Commit"
+msgstr "Emendar último commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2846 git-gui.sh:3270 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:101
+msgid "Rescan"
+msgstr "Reanalisar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2852
+msgid "Stage To Commit"
+msgstr "Preparar para commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2858
+msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
+msgstr "Preparar ficheiros modificados para commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2864
+msgid "Unstage From Commit"
+msgstr "Retirar do commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2870 lib/index.tcl:442
+msgid "Revert Changes"
+msgstr "Reverter alterações"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2878 git-gui.sh:3581 git-gui.sh:3612
+msgid "Show Less Context"
+msgstr "Mostrar menos contexto"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2882 git-gui.sh:3585 git-gui.sh:3616
+msgid "Show More Context"
+msgstr "Mostrar mais contexto"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2889 git-gui.sh:3283 git-gui.sh:3392
+msgid "Sign Off"
+msgstr "Assinar por baixo"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2905
+msgid "Local Merge..."
+msgstr "Integração local..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2910
+msgid "Abort Merge..."
+msgstr "Abortar integração..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2922 git-gui.sh:2950
+msgid "Add..."
+msgstr "Adicionar..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2926
+msgid "Push..."
+msgstr "Publicar..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2930
+msgid "Delete Branch..."
+msgstr "Eliminar ramo..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2940 git-gui.sh:3563
+msgid "Options..."
+msgstr "Opções..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2951
+msgid "Remove..."
+msgstr "Remover..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2960 lib/choose_repository.tcl:55
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Ajuda"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2964 git-gui.sh:2968 lib/choose_repository.tcl:49
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:58 lib/about.tcl:14
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "About %s"
+msgstr "Sobre %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2992
+msgid "Online Documentation"
+msgstr "Documentação online"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2995 lib/choose_repository.tcl:52 lib/choose_repository.tcl:61
+msgid "Show SSH Key"
+msgstr "Mostrar chave SSH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3014 git-gui.sh:3146
+msgid "Usage"
+msgstr "Utilização"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3095 lib/blame.tcl:573
+msgid "Error"
+msgstr "Erro"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3126
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
+msgstr ""
+"fatal: não é possível obter estado do caminho %s: Ficheiro ou diretório "
+"inexistente"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3159
+msgid "Current Branch:"
+msgstr "Ramo atual:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3185
+msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
+msgstr "Alterações preparadas (para commit)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3205
+msgid "Unstaged Changes"
+msgstr "Alterações não preparadas"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3276
+msgid "Stage Changed"
+msgstr "Preparar modificados"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3295 lib/transport.tcl:137 lib/transport.tcl:229
+msgid "Push"
+msgstr "Publicar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3330
+msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Mensagem de commit inicial:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3331
+msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Mensagem de commit emendada:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3332
+msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Mensagem de commit inicial emendada:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3333
+msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Mensagem de commit de integração emendada:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3334
+msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Mensagem de commit de integração:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3335
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Mensagem de commit:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3384 git-gui.sh:3538 lib/console.tcl:73
+msgid "Copy All"
+msgstr "Copiar tudo"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3408 lib/blame.tcl:105
+msgid "File:"
+msgstr "Ficheiro:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3526
+msgid "Refresh"
+msgstr "Atualizar"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3547
+msgid "Decrease Font Size"
+msgstr "Diminuir tamanho de letra"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3551
+msgid "Increase Font Size"
+msgstr "Aumentar tamanho de letra"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3559 lib/blame.tcl:294
+msgid "Encoding"
+msgstr "Codificação"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3570
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
+msgstr "Aplicar/Reverter excerto"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3575
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
+msgstr "Aplicar/Reverter linha"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3594
+msgid "Run Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Executar ferramenta de integração"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3599
+msgid "Use Remote Version"
+msgstr "Usar a versão remota"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3603
+msgid "Use Local Version"
+msgstr "Usar a versão local"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3607
+msgid "Revert To Base"
+msgstr "Reverter para a base"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3625
+msgid "Visualize These Changes In The Submodule"
+msgstr "Visualizar estas alterações no submódulo"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3629
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch History In The Submodule"
+msgstr "Visualizar histórico do ramo atual no submódulo"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3633
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History In The Submodule"
+msgstr "Visualizar histórico de todos os ramos no submódulo"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3638
+msgid "Start git gui In The Submodule"
+msgstr "Iniciar git gui no submódulo"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3673
+msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
+msgstr "Retirar excerto do commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3675
+msgid "Unstage Lines From Commit"
+msgstr "Retirar linhas do commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3677
+msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
+msgstr "Retirar linha do commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3680
+msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
+msgstr "Preparar excerto para commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3682
+msgid "Stage Lines For Commit"
+msgstr "Preparar linhas para commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3684
+msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
+msgstr "Preparar linha para commit"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3709
+msgid "Initializing..."
+msgstr "A inicializar..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3852
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Possible environment issues exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"The following environment variables are probably\n"
+"going to be ignored by any Git subprocess run\n"
+"by %s:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Existem possíveis erros de ambiente.\n"
+"\n"
+"As seguintes variáveis de ambiente serão provavelmente\n"
+"ignoradas pelos subprocessos do Git executados\n"
+"por %s:\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3881
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"This is due to a known issue with the\n"
+"Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Devido a um problema conhecido com o\n"
+"binário Tcl distribuído pelo Cygwin."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3886
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"A good replacement for %s\n"
+"is placing values for the user.name and\n"
+"user.email settings into your personal\n"
+"~/.gitconfig file.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"Um bom substituto para %s\n"
+"é colocar valores das definições user.name e\n"
+"user.email no ficheiro pessoal ~/.gitconfig.\n"
+
+#: lib/line.tcl:17
+msgid "Goto Line:"
+msgstr "Ir para a linha:"
+
+#: lib/line.tcl:23
+msgid "Go"
+msgstr "Ir"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr "A processar... aguarde..."
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:81 lib/checkout_op.tcl:146 lib/sshkey.tcl:55
+#: lib/database.tcl:30
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Fechar"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr "Sucesso"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr "Erro: falha ao executar comando"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:85
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
+msgstr "A obter %s de %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:133
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
+msgstr "fatal: Não é possível resolver %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:175
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
+msgstr "O ramo '%s' não existe."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:194
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
+msgstr "Falha ao configurar git-pull simplificado de '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:202 lib/branch_rename.tcl:102
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "O ramo '%s' já existe."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:229
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
+"\n"
+"It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
+"A merge is required."
+msgstr ""
+"O ramo '%s' já existe.\n"
+"\n"
+"Não pode ser avançado rapidamente para %s.\n"
+"Integração necessária."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:243
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
+msgstr "A estratégia de integração '%s' não é suportada."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:262
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
+msgstr "Falha ao atualizar '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:274
+msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
+msgstr "A área de estágio (índice) já está bloqueada."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:289
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"O último estado analisado não corresponde ao estado do repositório.\n"
+"\n"
+"Outro programa Git modificou este repositório deste a última análise. Deve-"
+"se reanalisar antes do ramo atual poder ser alterado.\n"
+"\n"
+"Irá-se reanalisar automaticamente agora.\n"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
+msgstr "A atualizar o diretório de trabalho para '%s'..."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:346
+msgid "files checked out"
+msgstr "ficheiros extraídos"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
+msgstr ""
+"Extração de '%s' abortada (é necessário integrar ao nível de ficheiros)."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:377
+msgid "File level merge required."
+msgstr "Integração ao nível de ficheiros necessária."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:381
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Permanecer no ramo '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:452
+msgid ""
+"You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
+"Checkout'."
+msgstr ""
+"Já não se encontra num ramo local.\n"
+"\n"
+"Se queria estar sobre um ramo, crie um a partir de 'Esta extração destacada'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:503 lib/checkout_op.tcl:507
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Checked out '%s'."
+msgstr "'%s' extraído."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:535
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
+msgstr "Ao repor '%s' para '%s' perderá os seguintes commits:"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:557
+msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
+msgstr "Recuperar commits perdidos pode não ser fácil."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:562
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset '%s'?"
+msgstr "Repor '%s'?"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:567 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:336 lib/merge.tcl:166
+msgid "Visualize"
+msgstr "Visualizar"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:571 lib/branch_create.tcl:85
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr "Repor"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:579 lib/transport.tcl:141 lib/remote_add.tcl:34
+#: lib/browser.tcl:292 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:30 lib/choose_font.tcl:45
+#: lib/option.tcl:127 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:41 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:202
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:345 lib/branch_rename.tcl:32
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:43 lib/branch_create.tcl:37
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:34 lib/merge.tcl:174
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Cancelar"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:635
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to set current branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
+"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
+"\n"
+"This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
+msgstr ""
+"Falha ao definir ramo atual.\n"
+"\n"
+"Apenas se mudou o diretório de trabalho parcialmente. Os ficheiros foram "
+"atualizados com sucesso, mas não foi possível atualizar o ficheiro Git "
+"interno.\n"
+"\n"
+"Não devia ter ocorrido. %s irá terminar e desistir."
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:6 lib/remote_add.tcl:132
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "obter %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr "Obter novas alterações de %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr "poda remota de %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr "A podar ramos de monitorização eliminados de %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:25
+msgid "fetch all remotes"
+msgstr "obter de todos os remotos"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+msgid "Fetching new changes from all remotes"
+msgstr "A obter novas alterações de todos os remotos"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:40
+msgid "remote prune all remotes"
+msgstr "poda remota de todos os remotos"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:41
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from all remotes"
+msgstr "A podar ramos de monitorização eliminados de todos os remotos"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:54 lib/transport.tcl:92 lib/transport.tcl:110
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:162
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "publicar %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:55
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr "A publicar alterações em %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:93
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "A espelhar em %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:111
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr "A publicar %s %s em %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:132
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr "Publicar ramos"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:147
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr "Ramos de origem"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:162
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr "Repositório de destino"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:165 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:51
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr "Remoto:"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:187 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:72
+msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
+msgstr "Localização arbitrária:"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:205
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr "Opções de transferência"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:207
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr "Forçar substituição de ramos existente (pode descartar alterações)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:211
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr "Usar pacote fino (para conexões de rede lentas)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:215
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr "Incluir tags"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:20
+msgid "Add Remote"
+msgstr "Adicionar remoto"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:25
+msgid "Add New Remote"
+msgstr "Adicionar novo remoto"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:30 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:37
+msgid "Add"
+msgstr "Adicionar"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:39
+msgid "Remote Details"
+msgstr "Detalhes do remoto"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:41 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:51 lib/branch_create.tcl:44
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Nome:"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
+msgid "Location:"
+msgstr "Localização:"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:60
+msgid "Further Action"
+msgstr "Ação adicional"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:63
+msgid "Fetch Immediately"
+msgstr "Obter imediatamente"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:69
+msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
+msgstr "Inicializar repositório remoto e publicar"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:75
+msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
+msgstr "Não fazer mais nada agora"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:100
+msgid "Please supply a remote name."
+msgstr "Forneça um nome para o remoto."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:113
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
+msgstr "'%s' não pode ser aceite como nome de remoto."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:124
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
+msgstr "Falha ao adicionar remoto '%s' localizado em '%s'."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching the %s"
+msgstr "A obter de %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:156
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
+msgstr "Não se sabe como inicializar o repositório localizado em '%s'."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
+msgstr "A configurar %s (em %s)"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr "A iniciar..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:27
+msgid "File Browser"
+msgstr "Navegador de ficheiros"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:132 lib/browser.tcl:149
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr "A carregar %s..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:193
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr "[Subir]"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:275 lib/browser.tcl:282
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "Navegar pelos ficheiros do ramo"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:288 lib/choose_repository.tcl:422
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:509 lib/choose_repository.tcl:518
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1074
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr "Navegar"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:297 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:35 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:321
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr "Revisão"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:75
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr "Deve selecionar um ficheiro para executar %s."
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:91
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %1$s on file \"%2$s\"?"
+msgstr "Tem a certeza que pretende executar %1$s sobre o ficheiro \"%2$s\"?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:95
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr "Tem a certeza que pretende executar %s?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:116
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr "Ferramenta: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr "A executar: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:155
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr "A ferramenta concluí com sucesso: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr "A ferramenta falhou: %s"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:16 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:21
+msgid "Checkout Branch"
+msgstr "Extrair ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:26
+msgid "Checkout"
+msgstr "Extrair"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/option.tcl:310 lib/branch_create.tcl:69
+msgid "Options"
+msgstr "Opções"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:42 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
+msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Obter ramo de monitorização"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:47
+msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
+msgstr "Destacar do ramo local"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
+msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
+msgstr "Corretor ortográfico não suportado"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
+msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
+msgstr "Correção ortográfica indisponível"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
+msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
+msgstr "Configuração inválida do corretor ortográfico"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
+msgstr "A reverter dicionário para %s."
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
+msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
+msgstr "O corretor ortográfico falhou silenciosamente ao iniciar"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
+msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
+msgstr "Corretor ortográfico não reconhecido"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
+msgid "No Suggestions"
+msgstr "Sem sugestões"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:388
+msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
+msgstr "EOF (fim de ficheiro) inesperado do corretor ortográfico"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
+msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
+msgstr "Corretor ortográfico falhou"
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:87
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%s ... %*i de %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:77
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"No differences detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s has no changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
+"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
+"the same state."
+msgstr ""
+"Nenhum diferença detetada.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s não tem alterações.\n"
+"\n"
+"A data de modificação deste ficheiro foi atualizada por outra aplicação, mas "
+"o conteúdo no interior do ficheiro não foi alterado.\n"
+"\n"
+"Irá-se reanalisar automaticamente para encontrar outros ficheiros que "
+"estejam no mesmo estado."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
+msgstr "A carregar diferenças de %s..."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:140
+msgid ""
+"LOCAL: deleted\n"
+"REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"LOCAL: eliminado\n"
+"REMOTO:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:145
+msgid ""
+"REMOTE: deleted\n"
+"LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"REMOTO: eliminado\n"
+"LOCAL:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:152
+msgid "LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr "LOCAL:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:155
+msgid "REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr "REMOTO:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:217 lib/diff.tcl:355
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to display %s"
+msgstr "Não é possível mostrar %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:218
+msgid "Error loading file:"
+msgstr "Erro ao carregar ficheiro:"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:225
+msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
+msgstr "Repositório Git (subprojeto)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:237
+msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
+msgstr "* Ficheiro binário (conteúdo não exibido)."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:242
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
+"* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* O ficheiro não controlado tem %d bytes.\n"
+"* Exibido apenas os primeiros %d bytes.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:248
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
+"* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"* Ficheiro não controlado recortado aqui por %s.\n"
+"* Para ver o ficheiro inteiro, use um editor externo.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:356 lib/blame.tcl:1128
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "Erro ao carregar diferenças:"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:578
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Falha ao retirar excerto selecionado do índice."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:585
+msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Falha ao preparar excerto selecionado."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:664
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
+msgstr "Falha ao retirar linha selecionada do índice."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:672
+msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
+msgstr "Falha ao preparar linha selecionada."
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:200
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "Publicar em"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:218
+msgid "Remove Remote"
+msgstr "Remover remoto"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:223
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "Podar de"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:228
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "Obter de"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:41
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr "Selecionar"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:55
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr "Família de tipo de letra"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:76
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr "Tamanho de letra"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:93
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr "Exemplo do tipo de letra"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:105
+msgid ""
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
+msgstr ""
+"Este texto é um exemplo.\n"
+"Se gostar deste texto, pode defini-lo como tipo de letra."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:11
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Codificação global '%s' inválida"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Codificação do repositório '%s' inválida"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:119
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr "Restaurar predefinições"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:123
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr "Guardar"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:133
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr "Repositório %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:134
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr "Global (todos os repositórios)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:140
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr "Nome de utilizador"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:141
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr "Endereço de e-mail"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:143
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr "Resumir commits de integração"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:144
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr "Verbosidade de integração"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:145
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr "Mostrar estatísticas de diferenças depois de integrar"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:146
+msgid "Use Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Usar ferramenta de integração"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:148
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr "Confiar na data de modificação dos ficheiros"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:149
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr "Podar ramos de monitorização ao obter"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:150
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr "Corresponder ramos de monitorização"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:151
+msgid "Use Textconv For Diffs and Blames"
+msgstr "Usar textconv para mostrar diferenças e culpar"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:152
+msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
+msgstr "Detetar cópia apenas em ficheiros modificados"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:153
+msgid "Maximum Length of Recent Repositories List"
+msgstr "Comprimento máximo da lista de repositórios recentes"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:154
+msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
+msgstr "Número mínimo de letras para detetar cópia"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:155
+msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
+msgstr "Raio de contexto histórico para culpar (dias)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:156
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr "Número de linhas de contexto ao mostrar diferenças"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:157
+msgid "Additional Diff Parameters"
+msgstr "Parâmetros de diff adicionais"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:158
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr "Largura do texto da mensagem de commit"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:159
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr "Modelo para nome de novo ramo"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:160
+msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
+msgstr "Codificação predefinida dos conteúdos de ficheiros"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:161
+msgid "Warn before committing to a detached head"
+msgstr "Avisar antes de submeter numa cabeça destacada"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:162
+msgid "Staging of untracked files"
+msgstr "Preparar ficheiros não controlados"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:163
+msgid "Show untracked files"
+msgstr "Mostrar ficheiros não controlados"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:164
+msgid "Tab spacing"
+msgstr "Espaçamento da tabulação"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:210
+msgid "Change"
+msgstr "Alterar"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:254
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr "Dicionário ortográfico:"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:284
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr "Alterar tipo de letra"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:288
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr "Escolher %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:294
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr "pt."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:308
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "Preferências"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:345
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr "Falha ao guardar todas as opções:"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
+msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
+msgstr "Forçar resolução para a versão base?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
+msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
+msgstr "Forçar resolução para este ramo?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
+msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
+msgstr "Forçar resolução para o outro ramo?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s will be overwritten.\n"
+"\n"
+"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Note que as diferenças mostram apenas alterações em conflito.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s será substituído.\n"
+"\n"
+"Esta operação só pode ser anulada reiniciando a integração."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
+msgstr ""
+"O ficheiro %s parece ter conflitos não resolvidos, prepará-lo mesmo assim?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
+msgstr "A adicionar resolução de %s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
+msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível resolver conflitos de exclusão ou ligação usando uma "
+"ferramenta"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
+msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
+msgstr "O ficheiro em conflito não existe"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:246
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
+msgstr "Não é uma ferramenta GUI de integração: '%s'"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:275
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
+msgstr "Ferramenta de integração '%s' não suportada"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:310
+msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
+msgstr "A ferramenta de integração já está a executar, terminá-la?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:330
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Error retrieving versions:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Erro ao obter versões:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:350
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível iniciar a ferramenta de integração:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:354
+msgid "Running merge tool..."
+msgstr "A executar a ferramenta de integração..."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:382 lib/mergetool.tcl:390
+msgid "Merge tool failed."
+msgstr "A ferramenta de integração falhou."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+msgid "Add Tool"
+msgstr "Adicionar ferramenta"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr "Adicionar novo comando de ferramenta"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:34
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr "Adicionar globalmente"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:46
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr "Detalhes da ferramenta"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:49
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr "Use separadores '/' para criar uma árvore de submenus:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:60
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Comando:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:71
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr "Mostrar um diálogo antes de executar"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:77
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr "Pedir ao utilizador para selecionar uma revisão (define $REVISION)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:82
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr "Pedir ao utilizador argumentos adicionais (define $ARGS)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:89
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr "Não mostrar a janela com a saída do comando"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:94
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr "Executar só se for selecionada um diferença ($FILENAME não vazio)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:118
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr "Forneça um nome para a ferramenta."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:126
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "A ferramenta '%s' já existe."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:148
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível adicionar ferramenta:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:187
+msgid "Remove Tool"
+msgstr "Remover ferramenta"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:193
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr "Remover comandos de ferramenta"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:198
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr "Remover"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:231
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr "(Azul denota ferramentas locais do repositório)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:292
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr "Executar comando: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:306
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr "Argumentos"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:341
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "OK"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:48
+msgid "Find:"
+msgstr "Procurar:"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:50
+msgid "Next"
+msgstr "Seguinte"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:51
+msgid "Prev"
+msgstr "Anterior"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:52
+msgid "RegExp"
+msgstr "ExpReg"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:54
+msgid "Case"
+msgstr "Maiúsculas"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:21 lib/shortcut.tcl:62
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr "Não é possível escrever atalho:"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:137
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr "Não é possível escrever ícone:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:15 lib/branch_rename.tcl:23
+msgid "Rename Branch"
+msgstr "Mudar nome de ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:28
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr "Mudar nome"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:38
+msgid "Branch:"
+msgstr "Ramo:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:46
+msgid "New Name:"
+msgstr "Novo nome:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:81
+msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
+msgstr "Selecione um ramo para mudar de nome."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:92 lib/branch_create.tcl:154
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr "Indique um nome para o ramo."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:112 lib/branch_create.tcl:165
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr "'%s' não pode ser aceite como nome de ramo."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:123
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
+msgstr "Falha ao mudar o nome de '%s'."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
+msgstr "Remover ramo remotamente"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:48
+msgid "From Repository"
+msgstr "Do repositório"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:88
+msgid "Branches"
+msgstr "Ramos"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:110
+msgid "Delete Only If"
+msgstr "Eliminar só se"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:112
+msgid "Merged Into:"
+msgstr "Integrar em:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:120 lib/branch_delete.tcl:53
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr "Sempre (não realizar verificação de integração)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:153
+msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
+msgstr "É necessário um ramo em 'Integrar em'."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:185
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes ramos não foram completamente integrados em %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:190
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+msgstr ""
+"Um ou mais testes de integração falharam porque não obteve os commits "
+"necessários. Tente primeiro obter de %s."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:208
+msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
+msgstr "Selecione um ou mais ramos para eliminar."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:218 lib/branch_delete.tcl:115
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"Recuperar ramos eliminados é difícil.\n"
+"\n"
+"Eliminar os ramos selecionado?"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:227
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
+msgstr "A eliminar ramos de %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:300
+msgid "No repository selected."
+msgstr "Nenhum repositório selecionado."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:305
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Scanning %s..."
+msgstr "A analisar %s..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:33
+msgid "Git Gui"
+msgstr "Git Gui"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:92 lib/choose_repository.tcl:412
+msgid "Create New Repository"
+msgstr "Criar novo repositório"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:98
+msgid "New..."
+msgstr "Novo..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:105 lib/choose_repository.tcl:496
+msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Clonar repositório existente"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:116
+msgid "Clone..."
+msgstr "Clonar..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:123 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1064
+msgid "Open Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Abrir repositório existente"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:129
+msgid "Open..."
+msgstr "Abrir..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:142
+msgid "Recent Repositories"
+msgstr "Repositórios recentes"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:148
+msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
+msgstr "Abrir repositório recente:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:316 lib/choose_repository.tcl:323
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:330
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
+msgstr "Falha ao criar o repositório %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:407 lib/branch_create.tcl:33
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Criar"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:417
+msgid "Directory:"
+msgstr "Diretório:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:447 lib/choose_repository.tcl:573
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1098
+msgid "Git Repository"
+msgstr "Repositório Git"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:472
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Directory %s already exists."
+msgstr "O diretório %s já existe."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:476
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s already exists."
+msgstr "O ficheiro %s já existe."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:491
+msgid "Clone"
+msgstr "Clonar"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:504
+msgid "Source Location:"
+msgstr "Localização de origem:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:513
+msgid "Target Directory:"
+msgstr "Diretório de destino:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:523
+msgid "Clone Type:"
+msgstr "Tipo de clone:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:528
+msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
+msgstr "Padrão (rápido, semi-redundante, ligações fixas)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:533
+msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
+msgstr "Cópia Total (lento, cópia de segurança redundante)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:538
+msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
+msgstr "Partilhado (mais rápido, não recomendado, sem cópia)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:545
+msgid "Recursively clone submodules too"
+msgstr "Clonar recursivamente submódulos também"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:579 lib/choose_repository.tcl:626
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:772 lib/choose_repository.tcl:842
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1104 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1112
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
+msgstr "Não é um repositório Git: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:615
+msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Padrão só disponível em repositórios locais."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:619
+msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Partilhado só disponível em repositórios locais."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:640
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Location %s already exists."
+msgstr "A localização %s já existe."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:651
+msgid "Failed to configure origin"
+msgstr "Falha ao configurar origem"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:663
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "A contar objetos"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:664
+msgid "buckets"
+msgstr "baldes"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:688
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
+msgstr "Não é possível copiar objects/info/alternates: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:724
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
+msgstr "Nada para clonar de %s."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:726 lib/choose_repository.tcl:940
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:952
+msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
+msgstr "O ramo 'master' não foi inicializado."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:739
+msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
+msgstr "Ligações fixas indisponíveis. A recorrer a cópia."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:751
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cloning from %s"
+msgstr "A clonar de %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:782
+msgid "Copying objects"
+msgstr "A copiar objetos"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:783
+msgid "KiB"
+msgstr "KiB"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:807
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
+msgstr "Não é possível copiar objeto: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:817
+msgid "Linking objects"
+msgstr "A ligar objetos"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:818
+msgid "objects"
+msgstr "objetos"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:826
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
+msgstr "Não é possível criar ligação fixa de objeto: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:881
+msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível obter ramos e objetos. Ver saída na consola para detalhes."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:892
+msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "Não é possível obter tags. Ver saída na consola para detalhes."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:916
+msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "Não é possível determinar HEAD. Ver saída na consola para detalhes."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:925
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível limpar %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:931
+msgid "Clone failed."
+msgstr "Falha ao clonar."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:938
+msgid "No default branch obtained."
+msgstr "Não foi obtido nenhum ramo predefinido."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:949
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
+msgstr "Não é possível resolver %s como um commit."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:961
+msgid "Creating working directory"
+msgstr "A criar diretório de trabalho"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:962 lib/index.tcl:70 lib/index.tcl:136
+#: lib/index.tcl:207
+msgid "files"
+msgstr "ficheiros"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:981
+msgid "Cannot clone submodules."
+msgstr "Não é possível clonar submódulos."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:990
+msgid "Cloning submodules"
+msgstr "A clonar submódulos"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1015
+msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
+msgstr "Falha de extração inicial de ficheiro."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1059
+msgid "Open"
+msgstr "Abrir"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1069
+msgid "Repository:"
+msgstr "Repositório:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1118
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
+msgstr "Falha ao abrir o repositório %s:"
+
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr "git-gui - uma interface gráfica do Git."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:73
+msgid "File Viewer"
+msgstr "Visualizador de ficheiros"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:79
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr "Commit:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:280
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr "Copiar commit"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr "Procurar texto..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:288
+msgid "Goto Line..."
+msgstr "Ir para a linha..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:297
+msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
+msgstr "Efetuar deteção de cópia integral"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:301
+msgid "Show History Context"
+msgstr "Mostrar contexto histórico"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:304
+msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
+msgstr "Culpar commit pai"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:466
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr "A ler %s..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:594
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr "A carregar anotações de cópia/movimento..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:614
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr "linhas anotadas"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:806
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr "A carregar anotações da localização original..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:809
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr "Anotação concluída."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:839
+msgid "Busy"
+msgstr "A processar"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:840
+msgid "Annotation process is already running."
+msgstr "O processo de anotação já está em execução."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:879
+msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
+msgstr "A executar deteção de cópia integral..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:947
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr "A carregar anotação..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1000
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "Autor:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1004
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Committer:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1009
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr "Ficheiro original:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1057
+msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
+msgstr "Não é possível encontrar commit HEAD:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1112
+msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
+msgstr "Não é possível encontrar commit pai:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1127
+msgid "Unable to display parent"
+msgstr "Não é possível mostrar pai"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1269
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr "Originalmente por:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1275
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr "No ficheiro:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1280
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr "Copiado ou Movido para aqui por:"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
+msgid "No keys found."
+msgstr "Nenhum chave encontrada."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
+msgstr "Chave pública encontrada em: %s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
+msgid "Generate Key"
+msgstr "Gerar chave"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:58
+msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
+msgstr "Copiar para a área de transferência"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:72
+msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
+msgstr "A sua chave OpenSSH pública"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:80
+msgid "Generating..."
+msgstr "A gerar..."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:86
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível iniciar ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:113
+msgid "Generation failed."
+msgstr "Falha ao gerar."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:120
+msgid "Generation succeeded, but no keys found."
+msgstr "Gerada com sucesso, mas não foi encontrada nenhum chave."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:123
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Your key is in: %s"
+msgstr "A sua chave encontra-se em: %s"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:23
+msgid "Create Branch"
+msgstr "Criar ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:28
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr "Cria novo ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:42
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr "Nome do ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:57
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr "Corresponder ao nome do ramo de monitorização"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr "Revisão inicial"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr "Atualizar ramo existente:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+msgid "No"
+msgstr "Não"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr "Apenas avanço rápido (fast-forward)"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr "Extrair depois de criar"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:132
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr "Selecione um ramo de monitorização."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr "O ramo de monitorização %s não é um ramo no repositório remoto."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:9
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing to amend.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
+"to amend.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Não há nada para emendar.\n"
+"\n"
+"Está prestes a criar o commit inicial. Não há nenhum commit antes deste para "
+"emendar.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+msgid ""
+"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
+"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
+"current merge activity.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível emendar ao mesmo tempo que se integra.\n"
+"\n"
+"Há uma integração em curso que não foi concluída. Não pode emendar o commit "
+"anterior a não ser que primeiro aborte a atividade da integração atual.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:48
+msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
+msgstr "Erro ao carregar dados do commit para emendar:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:75
+msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
+msgstr "Não é possível obter a sua identidade:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:80
+msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT inválido:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:129
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr "aviso: Tcl não suporta a codificação '%s'."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:149
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"O último estado analisado não corresponde ao estado do repositório.\n"
+"\n"
+"Outro programa Git modificou este repositório deste a última análise. Deve-"
+"se reanalisar antes que se possa criar outro commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Irá-se reanalisar automaticamente agora.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:173
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
+"before committing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Não pode fazer commit de ficheiros não integrados.\n"
+"\n"
+"O ficheiro %s tem conflitos de integração. Deve resolvê-los e preparar o "
+"ficheiro antes de submeter.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:181
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Detetado estado de ficheiro %s desconhecido.\n"
+"\n"
+"Este programa não pode submeter o ficheiro %s.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:189
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nenhum alteração para submeter.\n"
+"\n"
+"Deve preparar pelo menos 1 ficheiro antes de submeter.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:204
+msgid ""
+"Please supply a commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
+"- Second line: Blank\n"
+"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Forneça uma mensagem de commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Um boa mensagem de commit tem o seguinte formato:\n"
+"\n"
+"- Primeira linha: descreve numa frase o que fez.\n"
+"- Segunda linha: em branco.\n"
+"- Linhas restantes: descreve porque esta alteração é vantajosa.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:235
+msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
+msgstr "A invocar gancho de pré-commit (pre-commit hook)..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:250
+msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
+msgstr "Commit recusado pela retina de pré-commit (pre-commit hook)."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:269
+msgid ""
+"You are about to commit on a detached head. This is a potentially dangerous "
+"thing to do because if you switch to another branch you will lose your "
+"changes and it can be difficult to retrieve them later from the reflog. You "
+"should probably cancel this commit and create a new branch to continue.\n"
+" \n"
+" Do you really want to proceed with your Commit?"
+msgstr ""
+"Está prestes a submeter numa cabeça destacada. Fazê-lo é potencialmente "
+"perigoso, porque, se mudar para outro ramo, perderá as suas alterações e "
+"pode ser difícil recuperá-las do reflog posteriormente. Provavelmente deve "
+"cancelar este commit e criar um novo ramo para continuar.\n"
+"\n"
+"Pretende mesmo continuar com o commit?"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:290
+msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "A invocar gancho de mensagem-de-commit (commit-msg hook)..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:305
+msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "Commit recusado pelo gancho de mensagem-de-commit (commit-msg hook)."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:318
+msgid "Committing changes..."
+msgstr "A submeter alterações..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:334
+msgid "write-tree failed:"
+msgstr "write-tree falhou:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:335 lib/commit.tcl:379 lib/commit.tcl:400
+msgid "Commit failed."
+msgstr "Falha ao submeter."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:352
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
+msgstr "O commit %s parece estar corrompido"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:357
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Não há alterações para submeter.\n"
+"\n"
+"Nenhum ficheiro foi modificado por este commit e não era um commit de "
+"integração.\n"
+"\n"
+"Irá-se reanalisar agora automaticamente.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:364
+msgid "No changes to commit."
+msgstr "Não há alterações para submeter."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:378
+msgid "commit-tree failed:"
+msgstr "commit-tree falhou:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:399
+msgid "update-ref failed:"
+msgstr "update-ref falhou:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:492
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
+msgstr "Commit %s criado: %s"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:16
+msgid "Delete Branch"
+msgstr "Eliminar ramo"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:21
+msgid "Delete Local Branch"
+msgstr "Eliminar ramo local"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:39
+msgid "Local Branches"
+msgstr "Ramos locais"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:51
+msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
+msgstr "Eliminar só se foi integrado"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
+msgstr "Os seguintes ramos não foram completamente integrados em %s:"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to delete branches:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Falha ao eliminar ramos:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:6
+msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
+msgstr "Não é possível desbloquear o índice."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:17
+msgid "Index Error"
+msgstr "Erro de �ndice"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:19
+msgid ""
+"Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
+"resynchronize git-gui."
+msgstr ""
+"Falha ao atualizar o índice do Git. Irá-se reanalisar automaticamente para "
+"ressincronizar o git-gui."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:30
+msgid "Continue"
+msgstr "Continuar"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:33
+msgid "Unlock Index"
+msgstr "Desbloquear índice"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:294
+msgid "Unstaging selected files from commit"
+msgstr "A retirar ficheiros selecionados do commit"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:298
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
+msgstr "A retirar %s do commit"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:337
+msgid "Ready to commit."
+msgstr "Pronto para submeter."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:346
+msgid "Adding selected files"
+msgstr "A adicionar ficheiros selecionados"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:350
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "A adicionar %s"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:380
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Stage %d untracked files?"
+msgstr "Preparar %d ficheiros não controlados?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:388
+msgid "Adding all changed files"
+msgstr "A adicionar todos os ficheiros controlados"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:428
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
+msgstr "Reverter alterações no ficheiro %s?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:430
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
+msgstr "Reverter alterações nestes %i ficheiros?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:438
+msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
+msgstr ""
+"Qualquer alteração não preparada será permanentemente perdida ao reverter."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:441
+msgid "Do Nothing"
+msgstr "Não fazer nada"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:459
+msgid "Reverting selected files"
+msgstr "A reverter ficheiros selecionados"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:463
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting %s"
+msgstr "A reverter %s"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
+msgid "Default"
+msgstr "Predefinição"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "System (%s)"
+msgstr "Sistema (%s)"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Outro"
+
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr "Data do Git inválida: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:52
+msgid "This Detached Checkout"
+msgstr "Esta extração destacada"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
+msgid "Revision Expression:"
+msgstr "Expressão de revisão:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:72
+msgid "Local Branch"
+msgstr "Ramo local"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:77
+msgid "Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Ramo de monitorização"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:82 lib/choose_rev.tcl:544
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Tag"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:321
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
+msgstr "Revisão inválida: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:342
+msgid "No revision selected."
+msgstr "Nenhum revisão selecionada."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:350
+msgid "Revision expression is empty."
+msgstr "A expressão de revisão está vazia."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:537
+msgid "Updated"
+msgstr "Atualizado"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:565
+msgid "URL"
+msgstr "URL"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:42
+msgid "Number of loose objects"
+msgstr "Número de objetos soltos"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
+msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
+msgstr "Espaço em disco usados por objetos soltos"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
+msgid "Number of packed objects"
+msgstr "Número de objetos compactados"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
+msgid "Number of packs"
+msgstr "Números de pacotes"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
+msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
+msgstr "Espaço em disco usado por objetos compactados"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
+msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
+msgstr "Objetos compactados à espera de poda"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
+msgid "Garbage files"
+msgstr "Ficheiros de lixo"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:72
+msgid "Compressing the object database"
+msgstr "A comprimir a base de dados de objetos"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:83
+msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
+msgstr "A verificar a base de dados de objetos com fsck-objects"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:107
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
+"\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
+"the database.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compress the database now?"
+msgstr ""
+"Este repositório tem aproximadamente %i objetos soltos.\n"
+"\n"
+"Para manter o desempenho ótimo é veemente recomendado que comprima a base de "
+"dados.\n"
+"\n"
+"Comprimir a base de dados agora?"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:116
+msgid "error"
+msgstr "erro"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+msgid "warning"
+msgstr "aviso"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:96
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr "Deve corrigir os erros acima antes de submeter."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:13
+msgid ""
+"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Não possível integrar ao mesmo tempo que se emenda.\n"
+"\n"
+"Deve acabar de emendar este commit antes de iniciar qualquer tipo de "
+"integração.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:27
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"O último estado analisado não corresponde ao estado do repositório.\n"
+"\n"
+"Outro programa Git modificou este repositório deste a última análise. Deve-"
+"se reanalisar antes de se poder integrar.\n"
+"\n"
+"Irá-se reanalisar agora automaticamente.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
+"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Integração com conflitos em curso.\n"
+"\n"
+"O ficheiro %s tem conflitos de integração.\n"
+"\n"
+"Deve resolvê-los, preparar o ficheiro e submeter para concluir a integração "
+"atual. Só então pode iniciar outra integração.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:55
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s is modified.\n"
+"\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
+"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Tem alterações presentes.\n"
+"\n"
+"O ficheiro %s foi modificado.\n"
+"\n"
+"Deve concluir o commit atual antes de iniciar uma integração. Assim, ajuda-o "
+"a abortar uma integração falhada, caso necessário.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:108
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s of %s"
+msgstr "%s de %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:122
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
+msgstr "A integrar %s e %s..."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:133
+msgid "Merge completed successfully."
+msgstr "Integração concluída com sucesso."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:135
+msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
+msgstr "Integração falhada. É necessário resolver conflitos."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:160
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge Into %s"
+msgstr "Integrar em %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:179
+msgid "Revision To Merge"
+msgstr "Revisão a integrar"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:214
+msgid ""
+"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível abortar enquanto se emenda.\n"
+"\n"
+"Deve acabar de emendar este commit.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:224
+msgid ""
+"Abort merge?\n"
+"\n"
+"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
+msgstr ""
+"Abortar integração?\n"
+"\n"
+"Ao abortar a integração atual perderá *TODAS* as alteração que não foram "
+"submetidas.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continuar a abortar a integração atual?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:230
+msgid ""
+"Reset changes?\n"
+"\n"
+"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+msgstr ""
+"Repor alterações?\n"
+"\n"
+"Ao repor as alterações perderá *TODAS* as alterações não submetidas.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continuar a repor as alterações atuais?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:241
+msgid "Aborting"
+msgstr "A abortar"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:241
+msgid "files reset"
+msgstr "ficheiros repostos"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:269
+msgid "Abort failed."
+msgstr "Falha ao abortar."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:271
+msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
+msgstr "Aborto concluído. Pronto."
+
+#~ msgid "Displaying only %s of %s files."
+#~ msgstr "A mostrar apenas %s de %s ficheiros."
+
+#~ msgid "Case-Sensitive"
+#~ msgstr "Distinguir Maiúsculas"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/ru.po b/git-gui/po/ru.po
index ca4343b40c..9f5305c43e 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/ru.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/ru.po
@@ -1,19 +1,22 @@
 # Translation of git-gui to russian
 # Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the git-gui package.
-# Irina Riesen <irina.riesen@gmail.com>, 2007.
-#
+# Translators:
+# Dimitriy Ryazantcev <DJm00n@mail.ru>, 2015-2016
+# Irina Riesen <irina.riesen@gmail.com>, 2007
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
-"Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
+"Project-Id-Version: Git Russian Localization Project\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
 "POT-Creation-Date: 2010-01-26 15:47-0800\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2007-10-22 22:30-0200\n"
-"Last-Translator: Alex Riesen <raa.lkml@gmail.com>\n"
-"Language-Team: Russian Translation <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-06-30 12:39+0000\n"
+"Last-Translator: Dimitriy Ryazantcev <DJm00n@mail.ru>\n"
+"Language-Team: Russian (http://www.transifex.com/djm00n/git-po-ru/language/ru/)\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Language: ru\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=4; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<12 || n%100>14) ? 1 : n%10==0 || (n%10>=5 && n%10<=9) || (n%100>=11 && n%100<=14)? 2 : 3);\n"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:793 git-gui.sh:807 git-gui.sh:820 git-gui.sh:903
 #: git-gui.sh:922
@@ -51,14 +54,7 @@ msgid ""
 "%s requires at least Git 1.5.0 or later.\n"
 "\n"
 "Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?\n"
-msgstr ""
-"�евозможно определить вер�ию Git\n"
-"\n"
-"%s указывает на вер�ию '%s'.\n"
-"\n"
-"дл� %s требует�� вер�и� Git, начина� � 1.5.0\n"
-"\n"
-"Прин�ть '%s' как вер�ию 1.5.0?\n"
+msgstr "�евозможно определить вер�ию Git\n\n%s указывает на вер�ию «%s».\n\nдл� %s требует�� вер�и� Git, начина� � 1.5.0\n\nПредположить, что «%s» и е�ть вер�и� 1.5.0?\n"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1128
 msgid "Git directory not found:"
@@ -78,20 +74,19 @@ msgstr "От�ут�твует рабочий каталог"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1334 lib/checkout_op.tcl:306
 msgid "Refreshing file status..."
-msgstr "Обновление информации о �о�то�нии файлов..."
+msgstr "Обновление информации о �о�то�нии файлов…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1390
 msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
-msgstr "Пои�к измененных файлов..."
+msgstr "Пои�к измененных файлов…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1454
 msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
-msgstr "Вызов программы поддержки репозитори� prepare-commit-msg..."
+msgstr "Вызов перехватчика prepare-commit-msg…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1471
 msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
-msgstr ""
-"Сохранение прервано программой поддержки репозитори� prepare-commit-msg"
+msgstr "Коммит прерван перехватчиком prepare-commit-msg."
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1629 lib/browser.tcl:246
 msgid "Ready."
@@ -108,31 +103,31 @@ msgstr "�е изменено"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1915
 msgid "Modified, not staged"
-msgstr "Изменено, не подготовлено"
+msgstr "Изменено, не в индек�е"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1916 git-gui.sh:1924
 msgid "Staged for commit"
-msgstr "Подготовлено дл� �охранени�"
+msgstr "В индек�е дл� коммита"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1917 git-gui.sh:1925
 msgid "Portions staged for commit"
-msgstr "Ча�ти, подготовленные дл� �охранени�"
+msgstr "Ча�ти, в индек�е дл� коммита"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1918 git-gui.sh:1926
 msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
-msgstr "Подготовлено дл� �охранени�, от�ут�твует"
+msgstr "В индек�е дл� коммита, от�ут�твует"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1920
 msgid "File type changed, not staged"
-msgstr "Тип файла изменён, не подготовлено"
+msgstr "Тип файла изменён, не в индек�е"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1921
 msgid "File type changed, staged"
-msgstr "Тип файла изменён, подготовлено"
+msgstr "Тип файла изменён, в индек�е"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1923
 msgid "Untracked, not staged"
-msgstr "�е от�леживает��, не подготовлено"
+msgstr "�е от�леживает��, не в индек�е"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1928
 msgid "Missing"
@@ -140,11 +135,11 @@ msgstr "От�ут�твует"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1929
 msgid "Staged for removal"
-msgstr "Подготовлено дл� удалени�"
+msgstr "В индек�е дл� удалени�"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1930
 msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
-msgstr "Подготовлено дл� удалени�, еще не удалено"
+msgstr "В индек�е дл� удалени�, еще не удалено"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1932 git-gui.sh:1933 git-gui.sh:1934 git-gui.sh:1935
 #: git-gui.sh:1936 git-gui.sh:1937
@@ -153,7 +148,7 @@ msgstr "Требует�� разрешение конфликта при �ли
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1972
 msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
-msgstr "Запу�кает�� gitk... Подождите, пожалуй�та..."
+msgstr "Запу�кает�� gitk… Подождите, пожалуй�та…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1984
 msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
@@ -173,11 +168,11 @@ msgstr "Редактировать"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2458 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
 msgid "Branch"
-msgstr "Ветвь"
+msgstr "Ветка"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2461 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
 msgid "Commit@@noun"
-msgstr "Со�то�ние"
+msgstr "Коммит"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2464 lib/merge.tcl:121 lib/merge.tcl:150 lib/merge.tcl:168
 msgid "Merge"
@@ -197,29 +192,29 @@ msgstr "Про�мотр рабочего каталога"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2483
 msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
-msgstr "Про�мотреть файлы текущей ветви"
+msgstr "Про�мотреть файлы текущей ветки"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2487
 msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
-msgstr "Показать файлы ветви..."
+msgstr "Показать файлы ветки…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2492
 msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
-msgstr "Показать и�торию текущей ветви"
+msgstr "Показать и�торию текущей ветки"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2496
 msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
-msgstr "Показать и�торию в�ех ветвей"
+msgstr "Показать и�торию в�ех веток"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2503
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Browse %s's Files"
-msgstr "Показать файлы ветви %s"
+msgstr "Показать файлы ветки %s"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2505
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Visualize %s's History"
-msgstr "Показать и�торию ветви %s"
+msgstr "Показать и�торию ветки %s"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2510 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
 msgid "Database Statistics"
@@ -274,23 +269,23 @@ msgstr "Выделить в�е"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2576
 msgid "Create..."
-msgstr "Создать..."
+msgstr "Создать…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2582
 msgid "Checkout..."
-msgstr "Перейти..."
+msgstr "Перейти…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2588
 msgid "Rename..."
-msgstr "Переименовать..."
+msgstr "Переименовать…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2593
 msgid "Delete..."
-msgstr "Удалить..."
+msgstr "Удалить…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2598
 msgid "Reset..."
-msgstr "Сбро�ить..."
+msgstr "Сбро�ить…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2608
 msgid "Done"
@@ -298,15 +293,15 @@ msgstr "Завершено"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2610
 msgid "Commit@@verb"
-msgstr "Сохранить"
+msgstr "Закоммитить"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2619 git-gui.sh:3050
 msgid "New Commit"
-msgstr "�овое �о�то�ние"
+msgstr "�овый коммит"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2627 git-gui.sh:3057
 msgid "Amend Last Commit"
-msgstr "И�править по�леднее �о�то�ние"
+msgstr "И�править по�ледний коммит"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2637 git-gui.sh:3011 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
 msgid "Rescan"
@@ -314,19 +309,19 @@ msgstr "Перечитать"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2643
 msgid "Stage To Commit"
-msgstr "Подготовить дл� �охранени�"
+msgstr "Добавить в индек�"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2649
 msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
-msgstr "Подготовить измененные файлы дл� �охранени�"
+msgstr "Добавить изменённые файлы в индек�"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2655
 msgid "Unstage From Commit"
-msgstr "Убрать из подготовленного"
+msgstr "Убрать из издек�а"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2661 lib/index.tcl:412
 msgid "Revert Changes"
-msgstr "Отменить изменени�"
+msgstr "Обратить изменени�"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2669 git-gui.sh:3310 git-gui.sh:3341
 msgid "Show Less Context"
@@ -342,31 +337,31 @@ msgstr "В�тавить Signed-off-by"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2696
 msgid "Local Merge..."
-msgstr "Локальное �ли�ние..."
+msgstr "Локальное �ли�ние…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2701
 msgid "Abort Merge..."
-msgstr "Прервать �ли�ние..."
+msgstr "Прервать �ли�ние…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2713 git-gui.sh:2741
 msgid "Add..."
-msgstr "Добавить..."
+msgstr "Добавить…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2717
 msgid "Push..."
-msgstr "Отправить..."
+msgstr "Отправить…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2721
 msgid "Delete Branch..."
-msgstr "Удалить ветвь..."
+msgstr "Удалить ветку…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2731 git-gui.sh:3292
 msgid "Options..."
-msgstr "�а�тройки..."
+msgstr "�а�тройки…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2742
 msgid "Remove..."
-msgstr "Удалить..."
+msgstr "Удалить…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2751 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
 msgid "Help"
@@ -393,11 +388,11 @@ msgstr "критиче�ка� ошибка: %s: нет такого файла
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2926
 msgid "Current Branch:"
-msgstr "Текуща� ветвь:"
+msgstr "Текуща� ветка:"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2947
 msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
-msgstr "Подготовлено (будет �охранено)"
+msgstr "Изменени� в индек�е (будут закоммичены)"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2967
 msgid "Unstaged Changes"
@@ -405,7 +400,7 @@ msgstr "Изменено (не будет �охранено)"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3017
 msgid "Stage Changed"
-msgstr "Подготовить в�е"
+msgstr "Индек�ировать в�ё"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3036 lib/transport.tcl:104 lib/transport.tcl:193
 msgid "Push"
@@ -413,27 +408,27 @@ msgstr "Отправить"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3071
 msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
-msgstr "Комментарий к первому �о�то�нию:"
+msgstr "Сообщение первого коммита:"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3072
 msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
-msgstr "Комментарий к и�правленному �о�то�нию:"
+msgstr "Сообщение и�правленного коммита:"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3073
 msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
-msgstr "Комментарий к и�правленному первоначальному �о�то�нию:"
+msgstr "Сообщение и�правленного первого коммита:"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3074
 msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
-msgstr "Комментарий к и�правленному �ли�нию:"
+msgstr "Сообщение и�правленного �ли�ни�:"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3075
 msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
-msgstr "Комментарий к �ли�нию:"
+msgstr "Сообщение �ли�ни�:"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3076
 msgid "Commit Message:"
-msgstr "Комментарий к �о�то�нию:"
+msgstr "Сообщение коммита:"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3125 git-gui.sh:3267 lib/console.tcl:73
 msgid "Copy All"
@@ -481,51 +476,51 @@ msgstr "Вз�ть локальную вер�ию"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3336
 msgid "Revert To Base"
-msgstr "Отменить изменени�"
+msgstr "Обратить изменени�"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3354
 msgid "Visualize These Changes In The Submodule"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Показать �ти изменени� подмодул�"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3358
 msgid "Visualize Current Branch History In The Submodule"
-msgstr "Показать и�торию текущей ветви подмодул�"
+msgstr "Показать и�торию текущей ветки подмодул�"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3362
 msgid "Visualize All Branch History In The Submodule"
-msgstr "Показать и�торию в�ех ветвей подмодул�"
+msgstr "Показать и�торию в�ех веток подмодул�"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3367
 msgid "Start git gui In The Submodule"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Запу�тить git gui в подмодуле"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3389
 msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
-msgstr "�е �охран�ть ча�ть"
+msgstr "Убрать блок из индек�а"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3391
 msgid "Unstage Lines From Commit"
-msgstr "Убрать �троки из подготовленного"
+msgstr "Убрать �троки из индек�а"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3393
 msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
-msgstr "Убрать �троку из подготовленного"
+msgstr "Убрать �троку из индек�а"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3396
 msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
-msgstr "Подготовить ча�ть дл� �охранени�"
+msgstr "Добавить блок в индек�"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3398
 msgid "Stage Lines For Commit"
-msgstr "Подготовить �троки дл� �охранени�"
+msgstr "Добавить �троки в индек�"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3400
 msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
-msgstr "Подготовить �троку дл� �охранени�"
+msgstr "Добавить �троку в индек�"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3424
 msgid "Initializing..."
-msgstr "Инициализаци�..."
+msgstr "Инициализаци�…"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3541
 #, tcl-format
@@ -536,23 +531,14 @@ msgid ""
 "going to be ignored by any Git subprocess run\n"
 "by %s:\n"
 "\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Возможны ошибки в переменных окружени�.\n"
-"\n"
-"Переменные окружени�, которые возможно\n"
-"будут проигнорированы командами Git,\n"
-"запущенными из %s\n"
-"\n"
+msgstr "Возможны ошибки в переменных окружени�.\n\nПеременные окружени�, которые возможно\nбудут проигнорированы командами Git,\nзапущенными из %s\n\n"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3570
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "This is due to a known issue with the\n"
 "Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
-msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"Это изве�тна� проблема � Tcl,\n"
-"ра�про�тран�емым Cygwin."
+msgstr "\nЭто изве�тна� проблема � Tcl,\nра�про�тран�емым Cygwin."
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3575
 #, tcl-format
@@ -563,13 +549,7 @@ msgid ""
 "is placing values for the user.name and\n"
 "user.email settings into your personal\n"
 "~/.gitconfig file.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"\n"
-"Вме�то и�пользовани� %s можно\n"
-"�охранить значени� user.name и\n"
-"user.email в Вашем пер�ональном\n"
-"файле ~/.gitconfig.\n"
+msgstr "\n\nВме�то и�пользовани� %s можно\n�охранить значени� user.name и\nuser.email в Вашем пер�ональном\nфайле ~/.gitconfig.\n"
 
 #: lib/about.tcl:26
 msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
@@ -581,15 +561,15 @@ msgstr "Про�мотр файла"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:78
 msgid "Commit:"
-msgstr "Сохраненное �о�то�ние:"
+msgstr "Коммит:"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:271
 msgid "Copy Commit"
-msgstr "Скопировать SHA-1"
+msgstr "Копировать SHA-1"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:275
 msgid "Find Text..."
-msgstr "�айти тек�т..."
+msgstr "�айти тек�т…"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:284
 msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
@@ -601,16 +581,16 @@ msgstr "Показать и�ториче�кий контек�т"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:291
 msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
-msgstr "Ра��мотреть �о�то�ние предка"
+msgstr "�вторы родитель�кого коммита"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:450
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reading %s..."
-msgstr "Чтение %s..."
+msgstr "Чтение %s…"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:557
 msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
-msgstr "Загрузка аннотации копирований/переименований..."
+msgstr "Загрузка аннотации копирований/переименований…"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:577
 msgid "lines annotated"
@@ -618,7 +598,7 @@ msgstr "�трок прокомментировано"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:769
 msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
-msgstr "Загрузка аннотаций первоначального положени� объекта..."
+msgstr "Загрузка аннотаций первоначального положени� объекта…"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:772
 msgid "Annotation complete."
@@ -634,11 +614,11 @@ msgstr "�ннотаци� уже запущена"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:842
 msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
-msgstr "Выполнение полного пои�ка копий..."
+msgstr "Выполнение полного пои�ка копий…"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:910
 msgid "Loading annotation..."
-msgstr "Загрузка аннотации..."
+msgstr "Загрузка аннотации…"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:963
 msgid "Author:"
@@ -646,7 +626,7 @@ msgstr "�втор:"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:967
 msgid "Committer:"
-msgstr "Сохранил:"
+msgstr "Коммитер:"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:972
 msgid "Original File:"
@@ -654,11 +634,11 @@ msgstr "И�ходный файл:"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:1020
 msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
-msgstr "�евозможно найти текущее �о�то�ние:"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь найти текущее �о�то�ние:"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:1075
 msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
-msgstr "�евозможно найти �о�то�ние предка:"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь найти родитель�кое �о�то�ние:"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:1090
 msgid "Unable to display parent"
@@ -682,7 +662,7 @@ msgstr "Скопировано/перемещено в:"
 
 #: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:14 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:19
 msgid "Checkout Branch"
-msgstr "Перейти на ветвь"
+msgstr "Перейти на ветку"
 
 #: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:23
 msgid "Checkout"
@@ -707,19 +687,19 @@ msgstr "�а�тройки"
 
 #: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
 msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
-msgstr "Получить изменени� из внешней ветви"
+msgstr "Извлечь изменени� из внешней ветки"
 
 #: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:44
 msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
-msgstr "От�оединить от локальной ветви"
+msgstr "От�оединить от локальной ветки"
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:22
 msgid "Create Branch"
-msgstr "Создание ветви"
+msgstr "Создать ветку"
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:27
 msgid "Create New Branch"
-msgstr "Создать новую ветвь"
+msgstr "Создать новую ветку"
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:381
 msgid "Create"
@@ -727,7 +707,7 @@ msgstr "Создать"
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:40
 msgid "Branch Name"
-msgstr "�азвание ветви"
+msgstr "Им� ветки"
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:43 lib/remote_add.tcl:39 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:50
 msgid "Name:"
@@ -735,7 +715,7 @@ msgstr "�азвание:"
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:58
 msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
-msgstr "Вз�ть из имен ветвей �лежени�"
+msgstr "Соответ�твовать имени от�леживаемой ветки"
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
 msgid "Starting Revision"
@@ -743,7 +723,7 @@ msgstr "�ачальна� вер�и�"
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
 msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
-msgstr "Обновить имеющую�� ветвь:"
+msgstr "Обновить имеющую�� ветку:"
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
 msgid "No"
@@ -763,33 +743,33 @@ msgstr "По�ле �оздани� �делать текущей"
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:131
 msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
-msgstr "Укажите ветвь �лежени�."
+msgstr "Укажите отлеживаемую ветку."
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:140
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
-msgstr "Ветвь �лежени� %s не �вл�ет�� ветвью во внешнем репозитории."
+msgstr "От�леживаема� ветка %s не �вл�ет�� веткой на внешнем репозитории."
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:153 lib/branch_rename.tcl:86
 msgid "Please supply a branch name."
-msgstr "Укажите название ветви."
+msgstr "Укажите им� ветки."
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:164 lib/branch_rename.tcl:106
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
-msgstr "�едопу�тимое название ветви '%s'."
+msgstr "�едопу�тимое им� ветки «%s»."
 
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:15
 msgid "Delete Branch"
-msgstr "Удаление ветви"
+msgstr "Удаление ветки"
 
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:20
 msgid "Delete Local Branch"
-msgstr "Удалить локальную ветвь"
+msgstr "Удалить локальную ветку"
 
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:37
 msgid "Local Branches"
-msgstr "Локальные ветви"
+msgstr "Локальные ветки"
 
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:52
 msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
@@ -802,30 +782,25 @@ msgstr "В�егда (не выполн�ть проверку на �ли�ни
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
-msgstr "Ветви, которые не полно�тью �ливают�� � %s:"
+msgstr "Ветки, которые не полно�тью �ливают�� � %s:"
 
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:115 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:217
 msgid ""
 "Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
 "\n"
 "Delete the selected branches?"
-msgstr ""
-"Во��тановить удаленные ветви �ложно.\n"
-"\n"
-"Продолжить?"
+msgstr "Во��тановить удаленные ветки �ложно.\n\nПродолжить?"
 
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to delete branches:\n"
 "%s"
-msgstr ""
-"�е удало�ь удалить ветви:\n"
-"%s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь удалить ветки:\n%s"
 
 #: lib/branch_rename.tcl:14 lib/branch_rename.tcl:22
 msgid "Rename Branch"
-msgstr "Переименование ветви"
+msgstr "Переименование ветки"
 
 #: lib/branch_rename.tcl:26
 msgid "Rename"
@@ -833,7 +808,7 @@ msgstr "Переименовать"
 
 #: lib/branch_rename.tcl:36
 msgid "Branch:"
-msgstr "Ветвь:"
+msgstr "Ветка:"
 
 #: lib/branch_rename.tcl:39
 msgid "New Name:"
@@ -841,21 +816,21 @@ msgstr "�овое название:"
 
 #: lib/branch_rename.tcl:75
 msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
-msgstr "Укажите ветвь дл� переименовани�."
+msgstr "Укажите ветку дл� переименовани�."
 
 #: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:202
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
-msgstr "Ветвь '%s' уже �уще�твует."
+msgstr "Ветка «%s» уже �уще�твует."
 
 #: lib/branch_rename.tcl:117
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
-msgstr "�е удало�ь переименовать '%s'. "
+msgstr "�е удало�ь переименовать «%s». "
 
 #: lib/browser.tcl:17
 msgid "Starting..."
-msgstr "Запу�к..."
+msgstr "Запу�к…"
 
 #: lib/browser.tcl:26
 msgid "File Browser"
@@ -864,7 +839,7 @@ msgstr "Про�мотр �пи�ка файлов"
 #: lib/browser.tcl:126 lib/browser.tcl:143
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Loading %s..."
-msgstr "Загрузка %s..."
+msgstr "Загрузка %s…"
 
 #: lib/browser.tcl:187
 msgid "[Up To Parent]"
@@ -872,7 +847,7 @@ msgstr "[�а уровень выше]"
 
 #: lib/browser.tcl:267 lib/browser.tcl:273
 msgid "Browse Branch Files"
-msgstr "Показать файлы ветви"
+msgstr "Показать файлы ветки"
 
 #: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:398
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:486 lib/choose_repository.tcl:497
@@ -883,7 +858,7 @@ msgstr "Показать"
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:85
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
-msgstr "Получение %s из %s "
+msgstr "Извлечение %s из %s "
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:133
 #, tcl-format
@@ -898,12 +873,12 @@ msgstr "Закрыть"
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:175
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
-msgstr "Ветвь '%s' не �уще�твует "
+msgstr "Ветка «%s» не �уще�твует."
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:194
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
-msgstr "Ошибка �оздани� упрощённой конфигурации git pull дл� '%s'."
+msgstr "Ошибка �оздани� упрощённой конфигурации git pull дл� «%s»."
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:229
 #, tcl-format
@@ -912,21 +887,17 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
 "A merge is required."
-msgstr ""
-"Ветвь '%s' уже �уще�твует.\n"
-"\n"
-"Она не может быть прокручена(fast-forward) к %s.\n"
-"Требует�� �ли�ние."
+msgstr "Ветка «%s» уже �уще�твует.\n\nОна не может быть перемотана вперед к %s.\nТребует�� �ли�ние."
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:243
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
-msgstr "�еизве�тна� �тратеги� �ли�ни�: '%s'."
+msgstr "�еизве�тна� �тратеги� �ли�ни� «%s»."
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:262
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
-msgstr "�е удало�ь обновить '%s'."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь обновить «%s»."
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:274
 msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
@@ -936,22 +907,15 @@ msgstr "Рабоча� обла�ть заблокирована другим п
 msgid ""
 "Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
 "\n"
-"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
-"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
 "\n"
 "The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"По�леднее прочитанное �о�то�ние репозитори� не �оответ�твует текущему.\n"
-"\n"
-"С момента по�ледней проверки репозиторий был изменен другой программой Git. "
-"�еобходимо перечитать репозиторий, прежде чем измен�ть текущую ветвь.\n"
-"\n"
-"Это будет �делано �ейча� автоматиче�ки.\n"
+msgstr "По�леднее прочитанное �о�то�ние репозитори� не �оответ�твует текущему.\n\nС момента по�ледней проверки репозиторий был изменен другой программой Git. �еобходимо перечитать репозиторий, прежде чем текуща� ветка может быть изменена.\n\nЭто будет �делано �ейча� автоматиче�ки.\n"
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
-msgstr "Обновление рабочего каталога из '%s'..."
+msgstr "Обновление рабочего каталога из «%s»…"
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:346
 msgid "files checked out"
@@ -960,7 +924,7 @@ msgstr "файлы извлечены"
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
-msgstr "Прерван переход на '%s' (требует�� �ли�ние �одержани� файлов)"
+msgstr "Прерван переход на «%s» (требует�� �ли�ние �одержимого файлов)"
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:377
 msgid "File level merge required."
@@ -969,38 +933,33 @@ msgstr "Требует�� �ли�ние �одержани� файлов."
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:381
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
-msgstr "Ветвь '%s' о�тает�� текущей."
+msgstr "Ветка «%s» о�таёт�� текущей."
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:452
 msgid ""
 "You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
 "\n"
-"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
-"Checkout'."
-msgstr ""
-"Вы находите�ь не в локальной ветви.\n"
-"\n"
-"Е�ли вы хотите �нова вернуть�� к какой-нибудь ветви, �оздайте ее �ейча�, "
-"начина� � 'Текущего от�оединенного �о�то�ни�'."
+"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached Checkout'."
+msgstr "Вы более не находите�ь на локальной ветке.\n\nЕ�ли вы хотите �нова вернуть�� к какой-нибудь ветке, �оздайте её �ейча�, начина� � «Текущего от�оединенного �о�то�ни�»."
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:503 lib/checkout_op.tcl:507
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Checked out '%s'."
-msgstr "Ветвь '%s' �делана текущей."
+msgstr "Выполнен переход на «%s»."
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:535
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
-msgstr "Сбро� '%s' в '%s' приведет к потере �ледующих �охраненных �о�то�ний: "
+msgstr "Сбро� «%s»  на «%s» приведет к потере �ледующих коммитов:"
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:557
 msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
-msgstr "Во��тановить потер�нные �охраненные �о�то�ни� будет �ложно."
+msgstr "Во��тановить потер�нные коммиты будет �ложно."
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:562
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset '%s'?"
-msgstr "Сбро�ить '%s'?"
+msgstr "Сбро�ить «%s»?"
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:567 lib/merge.tcl:164 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:343
 msgid "Visualize"
@@ -1011,17 +970,10 @@ msgstr "�агл�дно"
 msgid ""
 "Failed to set current branch.\n"
 "\n"
-"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
-"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
+"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
 "\n"
 "This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
-msgstr ""
-"�е удало�ь у�тановить текущую ветвь.\n"
-"\n"
-"Ваш рабочий каталог обновлен только ча�тично. Были обновлены в�е файлы кроме "
-"�лужебных файлов Git. \n"
-"\n"
-"Этого не должно было произойти. %s завершает��."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь у�тановить текущую ветку.\n\nВаш рабочий каталог обновлён только ча�тично. Были обновлены в�е файлы кроме �лужебных файлов Git. \n\nЭтого не должно было произойти. %s завершает��."
 
 #: lib/choose_font.tcl:39
 msgid "Select"
@@ -1043,9 +995,7 @@ msgstr "Пример тек�та"
 msgid ""
 "This is example text.\n"
 "If you like this text, it can be your font."
-msgstr ""
-"Это пример тек�та.\n"
-"Е�ли Вам нравит�� �тот тек�т, �то может быть Ваш шрифт."
+msgstr "Это пример тек�та.\nЕ�ли Вам нравит�� �тот тек�т, �то может быть Ваш шрифт."
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
 msgid "Git Gui"
@@ -1057,7 +1007,7 @@ msgstr "Создать новый репозиторий"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:93
 msgid "New..."
-msgstr "�овый..."
+msgstr "�овый…"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100 lib/choose_repository.tcl:471
 msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
@@ -1065,7 +1015,7 @@ msgstr "Склонировать �уще�твующий репозиторий
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:106
 msgid "Clone..."
-msgstr "Склонировать..."
+msgstr "Клонировать…"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1016
 msgid "Open Existing Repository"
@@ -1073,7 +1023,7 @@ msgstr "Выбрать �уще�твующий репозиторий"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:119
 msgid "Open..."
-msgstr "Открыть..."
+msgstr "Открыть…"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
 msgid "Recent Repositories"
@@ -1126,7 +1076,7 @@ msgstr "Тип клона:"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:508
 msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
-msgstr "Стандартный (Бы�трый, полуизбыточный, \"же�ткие\" ��ылки)"
+msgstr "Стандартный (Бы�трый, полуизбыточный, «же�ткие» ��ылки)"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:514
 msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
@@ -1166,7 +1116,7 @@ msgstr "Считаю объекты"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:641
 msgid "buckets"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "блоки"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:665
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1181,11 +1131,11 @@ msgstr "�ечего клонировать � %s."
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:703 lib/choose_repository.tcl:917
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:929
 msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
-msgstr "�е инициализирована ветвь 'master'."
+msgstr "�е инициализирована ветвь «master»."
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:716
 msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
-msgstr "\"Же�ткие ��ылки\" недо�тупны. Будет и�пользовано копирование."
+msgstr "«Же�ткие ��ылки» недо�тупны. Будет и�пользовано копирование."
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:728
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1216,16 +1166,15 @@ msgstr "объекты"
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:803
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
-msgstr "�е могу \"же�тко �в�зать\" объект: %s"
+msgstr "�е могу �оздать «же�ткую ��ылку» на объект: %s"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:858
 msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
-msgstr ""
-"�е могу получить ветви и объекты. Дополнительна� информаци� на кон�оли."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь извлечь ветки и объекты. Дополнительна� информаци� на кон�оли."
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:869
 msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
-msgstr "�е могу получить метки. Дополнительна� информаци� на кон�оли."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь извлечь метки. Дополнительна� информаци� на кон�оли."
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:893
 msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
@@ -1242,12 +1191,12 @@ msgstr "Клонирование не удало�ь."
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:915
 msgid "No default branch obtained."
-msgstr "�е было получено ветви по умолчанию."
+msgstr "Ветка по умолчанию не была получена."
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:926
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
-msgstr "�е могу ра�познать %s как �о�то�ние."
+msgstr "�е могу ра�познать %s как коммит."
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:938
 msgid "Creating working directory"
@@ -1285,11 +1234,11 @@ msgstr "Выражение дл� определени� вер�ии:"
 
 #: lib/choose_rev.tcl:74
 msgid "Local Branch"
-msgstr "Локальна� ветвь:"
+msgstr "Локальна� ветка:"
 
 #: lib/choose_rev.tcl:79
 msgid "Tracking Branch"
-msgstr "Ветвь �лежени�"
+msgstr "От�леживаема� ветка"
 
 #: lib/choose_rev.tcl:84 lib/choose_rev.tcl:538
 msgid "Tag"
@@ -1320,29 +1269,19 @@ msgstr "С�ылка"
 msgid ""
 "There is nothing to amend.\n"
 "\n"
-"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
-"to amend.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"От�ут�твует �о�то�ние дл� и�правлени�.\n"
-"\n"
-"Вы �оздаете первое �о�то�ние в репозитории, зде�ь еще нечего и�правл�ть.\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this to amend.\n"
+msgstr "От�ут�твует коммиты дл� и�правлени�.\n\nВы �оздаете начальный коммит, зде�ь еще нечего и�правл�ть.\n"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:18
 msgid ""
 "Cannot amend while merging.\n"
 "\n"
-"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
-"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
-"current merge activity.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"�евозможно и�править �о�то�ние во врем� операции �ли�ни�.\n"
-"\n"
-"Текущее �ли�ние не завершено. �евозможно и�править предыдущее �охраненное "
-"�о�то�ние, не прерыва� �ту операцию.\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the current merge activity.\n"
+msgstr "�евозможно и�править коммит во врем� �ли�ни�.\n\nТекущее �ли�ние не завершено. �евозможно и�править предыдуий коммит, не прерыва� �ту операцию.\n"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:48
 msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
-msgstr "Ошибка при загрузке данных дл� и�правлени� �охраненного �о�то�ни�:"
+msgstr "Ошибка при загрузке данных дл� и�правлени� коммита:"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:75
 msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
@@ -1350,41 +1289,29 @@ msgstr "�евозможно получить информацию об авто
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:80
 msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
-msgstr "�еверный GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "�едопу�тимый GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:129
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
-msgstr "предупреждение: Tcl не поддерживает кодировку '%s'."
+msgstr "предупреждение: Tcl не поддерживает кодировку «%s»."
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:149
 msgid ""
 "Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
 "\n"
-"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
-"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
 "\n"
 "The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"По�леднее прочитанное �о�то�ние репозитори� не �оответ�твует текущему.\n"
-"\n"
-"С момента по�ледней проверки репозиторий был изменен другой программой Git. "
-"�еобходимо перечитать репозиторий, прежде чем измен�ть текущую ветвь. \n"
-"\n"
-"Это будет �делано �ейча� автоматиче�ки.\n"
+msgstr "По�леднее прочитанное �о�то�ние репозитори� не �оответ�твует текущему.\n\nС момента по�ледней проверки репозиторий был изменен другой программой Git. �еобходимо перечитать репозиторий, прежде чем измен�ть текущую ветвь. \n\nЭто будет �делано �ейча� автоматиче�ки.\n"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:172
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
 "\n"
-"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
-"before committing.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"�ельз� �охранить файлы � незавершённой операцией �ли�ни�.\n"
-"\n"
-"Дл� файла %s возник конфликт �ли�ни�. Разрешите конфликт и добавьте к "
-"подготовленным файлам перед �охранением.\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file before committing.\n"
+msgstr "�ельз� выполнить коммит � незавершённой операцией �ли�ни�.\n\nДл� файла %s возник конфликт �ли�ни�. Разрешите конфликт и добавьте их в индек� перед выполнением коммита.\n"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:180
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1392,20 +1319,14 @@ msgid ""
 "Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
 "\n"
 "File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Обнаружено неизве�тное �о�то�ние файла %s.\n"
-"\n"
-"Файл %s не может быть �охранен данной программой.\n"
+msgstr "Обнаружено неизве�тное �о�то�ние файла %s.\n\nФайл %s не может быть закоммичен �той программой.\n"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:188
 msgid ""
 "No changes to commit.\n"
 "\n"
 "You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"От�ут�твуют изменени� дл� �охранени�.\n"
-"\n"
-"Подготовьте хот� бы один файл до �оздани� �охраненного �о�то�ни�.\n"
+msgstr "От�ут�твуют изменени� дл� �охранени�.\n\nДобавьте в индек� хот� бы один файл перед выполнением коммита.\n"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:203
 msgid ""
@@ -1416,34 +1337,27 @@ msgid ""
 "- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
 "- Second line: Blank\n"
 "- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"�апишите комментарий к �охраненному �о�то�нию.\n"
-"\n"
-"Рекомендует�� �ледующий формат комментари�:\n"
-"\n"
-"- перва� �трока: краткое опи�ание �деланных изменений.\n"
-"- втора� �трока пу�та�\n"
-"- о�тавшие�� �троки: опишите, что дают ваши изменени�.\n"
+msgstr "Укажите �ообщение коммита.\n\nРекомендует�� �ледующий формат �ообщени�:\n\n- в первой �троке краткое опи�ание �деланных изменений\n- втора� �трока пу�та�\n- в о�тавших�� �троках опишите, что дают ваши изменени�\n"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:234
 msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
-msgstr "Вызов программы поддержки репозитори� pre-commit..."
+msgstr "Вызов перехватчика pre-commit…"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:249
 msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
-msgstr "Сохранение прервано программой поддержки репозитори� pre-commit"
+msgstr "Коммит прерван переватчиком pre-commit."
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:272
 msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
-msgstr "Вызов программы поддержки репозитори� commit-msg..."
+msgstr "Вызов перехватчика commit-msg…"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:287
 msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
-msgstr "Сохранение прервано программой поддержки репозитори� commit-msg"
+msgstr "Коммит прерван переватчиком commit-msg"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:300
 msgid "Committing changes..."
-msgstr "Сохранение изменений..."
+msgstr "Коммит изменений…"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:316
 msgid "write-tree failed:"
@@ -1451,12 +1365,12 @@ msgstr "Программа write-tree завершила�ь � ошибкой:"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:317 lib/commit.tcl:361 lib/commit.tcl:382
 msgid "Commit failed."
-msgstr "Сохранить �о�то�ние не удало�ь."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь закоммитить изменени�."
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:334
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
-msgstr "Со�то�ние %s выгл�дит поврежденным"
+msgstr "Коммит %s похоже поврежден"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:339
 msgid ""
@@ -1465,16 +1379,11 @@ msgid ""
 "No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
 "\n"
 "A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"От�ут�твуют изменени� дл� �охранени�.\n"
-"\n"
-"�и один файл не был изменен и не было �ли�ни�.\n"
-"\n"
-"Сейча� автоматиче�ки запу�тит�� перечитывание репозитори�.\n"
+msgstr "�ет изменени� дл� коммита.\n\n�и один файл не был изменен и не было �ли�ни�.\n\nСейча� автоматиче�ки запу�тит�� перечитывание репозитори�.\n"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:346
 msgid "No changes to commit."
-msgstr "От�ут�твуют изменени� дл� �охранени�."
+msgstr "�ет изменени� дл� коммита."
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:360
 msgid "commit-tree failed:"
@@ -1487,11 +1396,11 @@ msgstr "Программа update-ref завершила�ь � ошибкой:"
 #: lib/commit.tcl:469
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
-msgstr "Создано �о�то�ние %s: %s "
+msgstr "Создан коммит %s: %s "
 
 #: lib/console.tcl:59
 msgid "Working... please wait..."
-msgstr "В проце��е... пожалуй�та, ждите..."
+msgstr "В проце��е… пожалуй�та, ждите…"
 
 #: lib/console.tcl:186
 msgid "Success"
@@ -1542,16 +1451,10 @@ msgstr "Проверка базы объектов при помощи fsck"
 msgid ""
 "This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
 "\n"
-"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
-"the database.\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress the database.\n"
 "\n"
 "Compress the database now?"
-msgstr ""
-"Этот репозиторий �ейча� �одержит примерно %i �вободных объектов\n"
-"\n"
-"Дл� лучшей производительно�ти рекомендует�� �жать базу данных.\n"
-"\n"
-"Сжать базу данных �ейча�?"
+msgstr "Этот репозиторий �ейча� �одержит примерно %i �вободных объектов\n\nДл� лучшей производительно�ти рекомендует�� �жать базу данных.\n\nСжать базу данных �ейча�?"
 
 #: lib/date.tcl:25
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1565,41 +1468,27 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "%s has no changes.\n"
 "\n"
-"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
-"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
-"\n"
-"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
-"the same state."
-msgstr ""
-"Изменений не обнаружено.\n"
+"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but the content within the file was not changed.\n"
 "\n"
-"в %s от�ут�твуют изменени�.\n"
-"\n"
-"Дата изменени� файла была обновлена другой программой, но �одержимое файла "
-"о�тало�ь прежним.\n"
-"\n"
-"Сейча� будет запущено перечитывание репозитори�, чтобы найти подобные файлы."
+"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have the same state."
+msgstr "Изменений не обнаружено.\n\nв %s от�ут�твуют изменени�.\n\nДата изменени� файла была обновлена другой программой, но �одержимое файла о�тало�ь прежним.\n\nСейча� будет запущено перечитывание репозитори�, чтобы найти подобные файлы."
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:104
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
-msgstr "Загрузка изменений в %s..."
+msgstr "Загрузка изменений %s…"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:125
 msgid ""
 "LOCAL: deleted\n"
 "REMOTE:\n"
-msgstr ""
-"ЛОК�ЛЬ�О: удалён\n"
-"В�ЕШ�ИЙ:\n"
+msgstr "ЛОК�ЛЬ�О: удалён\nВ�ЕШ�ИЙ:\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:130
 msgid ""
 "REMOTE: deleted\n"
 "LOCAL:\n"
-msgstr ""
-"В�ЕШ�ИЙ: удалён\n"
-"ЛОК�ЛЬ�О:\n"
+msgstr "В�ЕШ�ИЙ: удалён\nЛОК�ЛЬ�О:\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:137
 msgid "LOCAL:\n"
@@ -1631,9 +1520,7 @@ msgstr "* Двоичный файл (�одержимое не показано)
 msgid ""
 "* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
 "* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"* Размер неподготовленного файла %d байт.\n"
-"* Показано первых %d байт.\n"
+msgstr "* Размер неот�леживаемого файла %d байт.\n* Показано первых %d байт.\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:233
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1641,10 +1528,7 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
 "* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"* �еподготовленный файл обрезан: %s.\n"
-"* Чтобы увидеть ве�ь файл, и�пользуйте программу-редактор.\n"
+msgstr "\n* �еот�леживаемый файл обрезан: %s.\n* Чтобы увидеть ве�ь файл, и�пользуйте внешний редактор.\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:482
 msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
@@ -1652,7 +1536,7 @@ msgstr "�е удало�ь и�ключить выбранную ча�ть."
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:489
 msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
-msgstr "�е удало�ь подготовить к �охранению выбранную ча�ть."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь проиндек�ировать выбранный блок изменений."
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:568
 msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
@@ -1660,7 +1544,7 @@ msgstr "�е удало�ь и�ключить выбранную �троку."
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:576
 msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
-msgstr "�е удало�ь подготовить к �охранению выбранную �троку."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь проиндек�ировать выбранную �троку."
 
 #: lib/encoding.tcl:443
 msgid "Default"
@@ -1685,7 +1569,7 @@ msgstr "предупреждение"
 
 #: lib/error.tcl:94
 msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
-msgstr "Прежде чем �охранить, и�правьте вышеуказанные ошибки."
+msgstr "Перед коммитом, и�правьте вышеуказанные ошибки."
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:6
 msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
@@ -1699,9 +1583,7 @@ msgstr "Ошибка в индек�е"
 msgid ""
 "Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
 "resynchronize git-gui."
-msgstr ""
-"�е удало�ь обновить индек� Git. Со�то�ние репозитори� будет перечитано "
-"автоматиче�ки."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь обновить индек� Git. Со�то�ние репозитори� будет перечитано автоматиче�ки."
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:28
 msgid "Continue"
@@ -1714,32 +1596,30 @@ msgstr "Разблокировать индек�"
 #: lib/index.tcl:289
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
-msgstr "Удаление %s из подготовленного"
+msgstr "Удаление %s из индек�а"
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:328
 msgid "Ready to commit."
-msgstr "Подготовлено дл� �охранени�"
+msgstr "Готов дл� коммита."
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:341
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Adding %s"
-msgstr "Добавление %s..."
+msgstr "Добавление %s…"
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:398
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
-msgstr "Отменить изменени� в файле %s?"
+msgstr "Обратить изменени� в файле %s?"
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:400
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
-msgstr "Отменить изменени� в %i файле(-ах)?"
+msgstr "Обратить изменени� в %i файле(-ах)?"
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:408
 msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
-msgstr ""
-"Любые изменени�, не подготовленные к �охранению, будут потер�ны при данной "
-"операции."
+msgstr "Любые непроиндек�ированные изменени�, будут потер�ны при обращении изменений."
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:411
 msgid "Do Nothing"
@@ -1747,38 +1627,28 @@ msgstr "�ичего не делать"
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:429
 msgid "Reverting selected files"
-msgstr "Удаление изменений в выбранных файлах"
+msgstr "Обращение изменений в выбранных файлах"
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:433
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reverting %s"
-msgstr "Отмена изменений в %s"
+msgstr "Обращение изменений в %s"
 
 #: lib/merge.tcl:13
 msgid ""
 "Cannot merge while amending.\n"
 "\n"
 "You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"�евозможно выполнить �ли�ние во врем� и�правлени�.\n"
-"\n"
-"Завершите и�правление данного �о�то�ни� перед выполнением операции �ли�ни�.\n"
+msgstr "�евозможно выполнить �ли�ние во врем� и�правлени�.\n\nЗавершите и�правление данного коммита перед выполнением операции �ли�ни�.\n"
 
 #: lib/merge.tcl:27
 msgid ""
 "Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
 "\n"
-"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
-"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
 "\n"
 "The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"По�леднее прочитанное �о�то�ние репозитори� не �оответ�твует текущему.\n"
-"\n"
-"С момента по�ледней проверки репозиторий был изменен другой программой Git. "
-"�еобходимо перечитать репозиторий, прежде чем измен�ть текущую ветвь.\n"
-"\n"
-"Это будет �делано �ейча� автоматиче�ки.\n"
+msgstr "По�леднее прочитанное �о�то�ние репозитори� не �оответ�твует текущему.\n\nС момента по�ледней проверки репозиторий был изменен другой программой Git. �еобходимо перечитать репозиторий, прежде чем �ли�ние может быть �делано.\n\nЭто будет �делано �ейча� автоматиче�ки.\n"
 
 #: lib/merge.tcl:45
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1787,15 +1657,8 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
 "\n"
-"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
-"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Предыдущее �ли�ние не завершено из-за конфликта.\n"
-"\n"
-"Дл� файла %s возник конфликт �ли�ни�.\n"
-"\n"
-"Разрешите конфликт, подготовьте файл и �охраните. Только по�ле �того можно "
-"начать �ледующее �ли�ние.\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+msgstr "Предыдущее �ли�ние не завершено из-за конфликта.\n\nДл� файла %s возник конфликт �ли�ни�.\n\nРазрешите конфликт, добавьте файл в индек� и закоммитьте. Только по�ле �того можно начать �ледующее �ли�ние.\n"
 
 #: lib/merge.tcl:55
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1804,15 +1667,8 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "File %s is modified.\n"
 "\n"
-"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
-"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Изменени� не �охранены.\n"
-"\n"
-"Файл %s изменен.\n"
-"\n"
-"Подготовьте и �охраните изменени� перед началом �ли�ни�. В �лучае "
-"необходимо�ти �то позволит прервать операцию �ли�ни�.\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+msgstr "Вы находите�ь в проце��е изменений.\n\nФайл %s изменён.\n\nВы должны завершить текущий коммит перед началом �ли�ни�. В �лучае необходимо�ти, �то позволит прервать операцию �ли�ни�.\n"
 
 #: lib/merge.tcl:107
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1822,7 +1678,7 @@ msgstr "%s из %s"
 #: lib/merge.tcl:120
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
-msgstr "Сли�ние %s и %s..."
+msgstr "Сли�ние %s и %s…"
 
 #: lib/merge.tcl:131
 msgid "Merge completed successfully."
@@ -1846,10 +1702,7 @@ msgid ""
 "Cannot abort while amending.\n"
 "\n"
 "You must finish amending this commit.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"�евозможно прервать и�правление.\n"
-"\n"
-"Завершите текущее и�правление �охраненного �о�то�ни�.\n"
+msgstr "�евозможно прервать и�правление.\n\nЗавершите текущее и�правление коммита.\n"
 
 #: lib/merge.tcl:222
 msgid ""
@@ -1858,12 +1711,7 @@ msgid ""
 "Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
 "\n"
 "Continue with aborting the current merge?"
-msgstr ""
-"Прервать операцию �ли�ни�?\n"
-"\n"
-"Прерывание �той операции приведет к потере *ВСЕХ* не�охраненных изменений.\n"
-"\n"
-"Продолжить?"
+msgstr "Прервать операцию �ли�ни�?\n\nПрерывание текущего �ли�ни� приведет к потере *ВСЕХ* не�охраненных изменений.\n\nПродолжить?"
 
 #: lib/merge.tcl:228
 msgid ""
@@ -1872,12 +1720,7 @@ msgid ""
 "Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
 "\n"
 "Continue with resetting the current changes?"
-msgstr ""
-"Прервать операцию �ли�ни�?\n"
-"\n"
-"Прерывание �той операции приведет к потере *ВСЕХ* не�охраненных изменений.\n"
-"\n"
-"Продолжить?"
+msgstr "Сбро�ить изменени�?\n\nСбро� изменений приведет к потере *ВСЕХ* не�охраненных изменений.\n\nПродолжить?"
 
 #: lib/merge.tcl:239
 msgid "Aborting"
@@ -1901,11 +1744,11 @@ msgstr "И�пользовать базовую вер�ию дл� разреш
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
 msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
-msgstr "И�пользовать вер�ию �той ветви дл� разрешени� конфликта?"
+msgstr "И�пользовать вер�ию из �той ветки дл� разрешени� конфликта?"
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
 msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
-msgstr "И�пользовать вер�ию другой ветви дл� разрешени� конфликта?"
+msgstr "И�пользовать вер�ию из другой ветки дл� разрешени� конфликта?"
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1915,19 +1758,12 @@ msgid ""
 "%s will be overwritten.\n"
 "\n"
 "This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
-msgstr ""
-"Внимание! Спи�ок изменений показывает только конфликтующие отличи�.\n"
-"\n"
-"%s будет перепи�ан.\n"
-"\n"
-"Это дей�твие можно отменить только перезапу�ком операции �ли�ни�."
+msgstr "Внимание! Спи�ок изменений показывает только конфликтующие отличи�.\n\n%s будет перепи�ан.\n\nЭто дей�твие можно отменить только перезапу�ком операции �ли�ни�."
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
-msgstr ""
-"Файл %s, похоже, �одержит необработанные конфликты. Продолжить подготовку к "
-"�охранению?"
+msgstr "Похоже, что файл %s �одержит неразрешенные конфликты. Продолжить индек�ацию?"
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1936,8 +1772,7 @@ msgstr "Добавл�ю результат разрешени� дл� %s"
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
 msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
-msgstr ""
-"Программа �ли�ни� не обрабатывает конфликты � удалением или уча�тием ��ылок"
+msgstr "Программа �ли�ни� не обрабатывает конфликты � удалением или уча�тием ��ылок"
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
 msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
@@ -1946,12 +1781,12 @@ msgstr "Конфликтующий файл не �уще�твует"
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:264
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
-msgstr "'%s' не �вл�ет�� программой �ли�ни�"
+msgstr "«%s» не �вл�ет�� программой �ли�ни�"
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:268
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
-msgstr "�еизве�тна� программа �ли�ни� '%s'"
+msgstr "�еподдерживаема� программа �ли�ни� «%s»"
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:303
 msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
@@ -1962,9 +1797,7 @@ msgstr "Программа Ñ�лиÑ�ниÑ� уже работает. ПрерваÑ
 msgid ""
 "Error retrieving versions:\n"
 "%s"
-msgstr ""
-"Ошибка получени� вер�ий:\n"
-"%s"
+msgstr "Ошибка получени� вер�ий:\n%s"
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:343
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1972,14 +1805,11 @@ msgid ""
 "Could not start the merge tool:\n"
 "\n"
 "%s"
-msgstr ""
-"Ошибка запу�ка программы �ли�ни�:\n"
-"\n"
-"%s"
+msgstr "Ошибка запу�ка программы �ли�ни�:\n\n%s"
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:347
 msgid "Running merge tool..."
-msgstr "Запу�к программы �ли�ни�..."
+msgstr "Запу�к программы �ли�ни�…"
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:375 lib/mergetool.tcl:383
 msgid "Merge tool failed."
@@ -1988,12 +1818,12 @@ msgstr "Ошибка выполнени� программы �ли�ни�."
 #: lib/option.tcl:11
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
-msgstr "Ошибка в глобальной у�тановке кодировки '%s'"
+msgstr "�еверна� глобальна� кодировка «%s»"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:19
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
-msgstr "�еверна� кодировка репозитори�: '%s'"
+msgstr "�еверна� кодировка репозитори� «%s»"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:117
 msgid "Restore Defaults"
@@ -2022,7 +1852,7 @@ msgstr "�дре� �лектронной почты"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:141
 msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
-msgstr "Суммарный комментарий при �ли�нии"
+msgstr "Суммарное �ообщение при �ли�нии"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:142
 msgid "Merge Verbosity"
@@ -2042,11 +1872,11 @@ msgstr "Довер�ть времени модификации файла"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:147
 msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
-msgstr "Чи�тка ветвей �лежени� при получении изменений"
+msgstr "Чи�тка от�леживаемых веток при извлечении изменений"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:148
 msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
-msgstr "Им� новой ветви вз�ть из имен ветвей �лежени�"
+msgstr "Такое же им�, как и у от�леживаемой ветки"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:149
 msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
@@ -2066,11 +1896,11 @@ msgstr "Чи�ло �трок в контек�те diff"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:153
 msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
-msgstr "Ширина тек�та комментари�"
+msgstr "Ширина тек�та �ообщени� коммита"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:154
 msgid "New Branch Name Template"
-msgstr "Шаблон дл� имени новой ветви"
+msgstr "Шаблон дл� имени новой ветки"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:155
 msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
@@ -2093,7 +1923,6 @@ msgstr "Изменить"
 msgid "Choose %s"
 msgstr "Выберите %s"
 
-# carbon copy
 #: lib/option.tcl:264
 msgid "pt."
 msgstr "pt."
@@ -2116,7 +1945,7 @@ msgstr "Чи�тка"
 
 #: lib/remote.tcl:173
 msgid "Fetch from"
-msgstr "Получение из"
+msgstr "Извлечение из"
 
 #: lib/remote.tcl:215
 msgid "Push to"
@@ -2132,7 +1961,7 @@ msgstr "Добавить внешний репозиторий"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:28 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:36
 msgid "Add"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Добавить"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:37
 msgid "Remote Details"
@@ -2148,7 +1977,7 @@ msgstr "Следующа� операци�"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:65
 msgid "Fetch Immediately"
-msgstr "Скачать �разу"
+msgstr "Сразу извлечь изменени�"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:71
 msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
@@ -2165,27 +1994,27 @@ msgstr "Укажите название внешнего репозитори�.
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:114
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
-msgstr "�едопу�тимое название внешнего репозитори� '%s'."
+msgstr "«%s» не �вл�ет�� допу�тимым именем внешнего репозитори�."
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:125
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
-msgstr "�е удало�ь добавить '%s' из '%s'. "
+msgstr "�е удало�ь добавить «%s» из «%s». "
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:133 lib/transport.tcl:6
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "fetch %s"
-msgstr "получение %s"
+msgstr "извлечение %s"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:134
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Fetching the %s"
-msgstr "Получение %s"
+msgstr "Извлечение %s"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:157
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
-msgstr "�евозможно инициализировать репозиторий в '%s'."
+msgstr "�евозможно инициализировать репозиторий в «%s»."
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
 #: lib/transport.tcl:81
@@ -2200,7 +2029,7 @@ msgstr "�а�тройка %s (в %s)"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
 msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
-msgstr "Удаление ветви во внешнем репозитории"
+msgstr "Удаление ветки во внешнем репозитории"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
 msgid "From Repository"
@@ -2216,7 +2045,7 @@ msgstr "Указанное положение:"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:84
 msgid "Branches"
-msgstr "Ветви"
+msgstr "Ветки"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:109
 msgid "Delete Only If"
@@ -2228,7 +2057,7 @@ msgstr "Сли�ние �:"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:152
 msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
-msgstr "Дл� опции 'Сли�ние �' требует�� указать ветвь."
+msgstr "Дл� операции «Сли�ние �» требует�� указать ветку."
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:184
 #, tcl-format
@@ -2236,28 +2065,23 @@ msgid ""
 "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
 "\n"
 " - %s"
-msgstr ""
-"Следующие ветви могут быть объединены � %s при помощи операции �ли�ни�:\n"
-"\n"
-" - %s"
+msgstr "Следующие ветки могут быть объединены � %s при помощи операции �ли�ни�:\n\n - %s"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
 "necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
-msgstr ""
-"�екоторые те�ты на �ли�ние не прошли, потому что Вы не получили необходимые "
-"�о�то�ни�. Попытайте�ь получить их из %s."
+msgstr "�екоторые те�ты на �ли�ние не прошли, потому что вы не извлекли необходимые коммиты. Попытайте�ь извлечь их из %s."
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:207
 msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
-msgstr "Укажите одну или не�колько ветвей дл� удалени�."
+msgstr "Укажите одну или не�колько веток дл� удалени�."
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:226
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
-msgstr "Удаление ветвей из %s"
+msgstr "Удаление веток из %s"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:292
 msgid "No repository selected."
@@ -2266,7 +2090,7 @@ msgstr "�е указан репозиторий."
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:297
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Scanning %s..."
-msgstr "Перечитывание %s... "
+msgstr "Перечитывание %s…"
 
 #: lib/search.tcl:21
 msgid "Find:"
@@ -2352,7 +2176,7 @@ msgstr "Ваш публичный ключ OpenSSH"
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:78
 msgid "Generating..."
-msgstr "Создание..."
+msgstr "Создание…"
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:84
 #, tcl-format
@@ -2360,10 +2184,7 @@ msgid ""
 "Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
 "\n"
 "%s"
-msgstr ""
-"Ошибка запу�ка ssh-keygen:\n"
-"\n"
-"%s"
+msgstr "Ошибка запу�ка ssh-keygen:\n\n%s"
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:111
 msgid "Generation failed."
@@ -2381,7 +2202,7 @@ msgstr "Ваш ключ находит�� в: %s"
 #: lib/status_bar.tcl:83
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
-msgstr "%s ... %*i из %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%s … %*i из %*i %s (%3i%%)"
 
 #: lib/tools.tcl:75
 #, tcl-format
@@ -2431,7 +2252,7 @@ msgstr "Опи�ание в�помогательной операции"
 
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:48
 msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
-msgstr "И�пользуйте '/' дл� �оздани� подменю"
+msgstr "И�пользуйте «/» дл� �оздани� подменю"
 
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:61
 msgid "Command:"
@@ -2464,16 +2285,14 @@ msgstr "Укажите название вÑ�помогательной оперÐ
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:129
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
-msgstr "В�помогательна� операци� '%s' уже �уще�твует."
+msgstr "В�помогательна� операци� «%s» уже �уще�твует."
 
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:151
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not add tool:\n"
 "%s"
-msgstr ""
-"Ошибка добавлени� программы:\n"
-"%s"
+msgstr "Ошибка добавлени� программы:\n%s"
 
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:190
 msgid "Remove Tool"
@@ -2507,9 +2326,8 @@ msgstr "OK"
 #: lib/transport.tcl:7
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
-msgstr "Получение изменений из %s "
+msgstr "Извлечение изменений из %s "
 
-# carbon copy
 #: lib/transport.tcl:18
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "remote prune %s"
@@ -2518,7 +2336,7 @@ msgstr "чи�тка внешнего %s"
 #: lib/transport.tcl:19
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
-msgstr "Чи�тка ветвей �лежени�, удаленных из %s"
+msgstr "Чи�тка от�леживаемых веток, удалённых из %s"
 
 #: lib/transport.tcl:26
 #, tcl-format
@@ -2537,11 +2355,11 @@ msgstr "Отправка %s %s в %s"
 
 #: lib/transport.tcl:100
 msgid "Push Branches"
-msgstr "Отправить изменени� в ветв�х"
+msgstr "Отправить ветки"
 
 #: lib/transport.tcl:114
 msgid "Source Branches"
-msgstr "И�ходные ветви"
+msgstr "И�ходные ветки"
 
 #: lib/transport.tcl:131
 msgid "Destination Repository"
@@ -2553,7 +2371,7 @@ msgstr "�а�тройки отправки"
 
 #: lib/transport.tcl:171
 msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
-msgstr "�амеренно перепи�ать �уще�твующую ветвь (возможна потер� изменений)"
+msgstr "Принудительно перезапи�ать �уще�твующую ветку (возможна потер� изменений)"
 
 #: lib/transport.tcl:175
 msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/sv.po b/git-gui/po/sv.po
index fcb063ffa6..1b4ad8368e 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/sv.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/sv.po
@@ -2,47 +2,51 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Shawn Pearce, et al.
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the git-gui package.
 #
-# Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2007-2008.
 # Mikael Magnusson <mikachu@gmail.com>, 2008.
+# Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2007-2008, 2015.
+#
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: sv\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-09-12 21:11+0100\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-12 21:12+0100\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-03-27 10:15+0100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-03-27 10:24+0100\n"
 "Last-Translator: Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>\n"
 "Language-Team: Swedish <tp-sv@listor.tp-sv.se>\n"
+"Language: sv\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
-"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+"X-Generator: Gtranslator 2.91.6\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:781
+#: git-gui.sh:861
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
 msgstr "Ogiltigt teckensnitt angivet i %s:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:831
+#: git-gui.sh:915
 msgid "Main Font"
 msgstr "Huvudteckensnitt"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:832
+#: git-gui.sh:916
 msgid "Diff/Console Font"
 msgstr "Diff/konsolteckensnitt"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:845 git-gui.sh:859 git-gui.sh:872 git-gui.sh:955 git-gui.sh:974
-#: git-gui.sh:2964
+#: git-gui.sh:931 git-gui.sh:945 git-gui.sh:958 git-gui.sh:1048
+#: git-gui.sh:1067 git-gui.sh:3125
 msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
 msgstr "git-gui: ödesdigert fel"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:846
+#: git-gui.sh:932
 msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
 msgstr "Hittar inte git i PATH."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:873
+#: git-gui.sh:959
 msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
 msgstr "Kan inte tolka versionssträng från Git:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:891
+#: git-gui.sh:984
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Git version cannot be determined.\n"
@@ -61,478 +65,505 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Anta att \"%s\" är version 1.5.0?\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1180
+#: git-gui.sh:1281
 msgid "Git directory not found:"
 msgstr "Git-katalogen hittades inte:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1201
+#: git-gui.sh:1315
 msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
 msgstr "Kan inte gå till början på arbetskatalogen:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1209
+#: git-gui.sh:1323
 msgid "Cannot use bare repository:"
 msgstr "Kan inte använda naket arkiv:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1217
+#: git-gui.sh:1331
 msgid "No working directory"
 msgstr "Ingen arbetskatalog"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1389 lib/checkout_op.tcl:306
+#: git-gui.sh:1503 lib/checkout_op.tcl:306
 msgid "Refreshing file status..."
 msgstr "Uppdaterar filstatus..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1445
+#: git-gui.sh:1563
 msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
 msgstr "Söker efter ändrade filer..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1509
+#: git-gui.sh:1639
 msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
 msgstr ""
 "Anropar kroken för förberedelse av incheckningsmeddelande (prepare-commit-"
 "msg)..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1526
+#: git-gui.sh:1656
 msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
 msgstr ""
 "Incheckningen avvisades av kroken för förberedelse av incheckningsmeddelande "
 "(prepare-commit-msg)."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1684 lib/browser.tcl:246
+#: git-gui.sh:1814 lib/browser.tcl:252
 msgid "Ready."
 msgstr "Klar."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1842
+#: git-gui.sh:1978
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Displaying only %s of %s files."
-msgstr "Visar endast %s av %s filer."
+msgid ""
+"Display limit (gui.maxfilesdisplayed = %s) reached, not showing all %s files."
+msgstr ""
+"Visningsgräns (gui.maxfilesdisplayed = %s) nådd, visare inte samtliga %s "
+"filer."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1968
+#: git-gui.sh:2101
 msgid "Unmodified"
 msgstr "Oförändrade"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1970
+#: git-gui.sh:2103
 msgid "Modified, not staged"
 msgstr "Förändrade, ej köade"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1971 git-gui.sh:1979
+#: git-gui.sh:2104 git-gui.sh:2116
 msgid "Staged for commit"
 msgstr "Köade för incheckning"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1972 git-gui.sh:1980
+#: git-gui.sh:2105 git-gui.sh:2117
 msgid "Portions staged for commit"
 msgstr "Delar köade för incheckning"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1973 git-gui.sh:1981
+#: git-gui.sh:2106 git-gui.sh:2118
 msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
 msgstr "Köade för incheckning, saknade"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1975
+#: git-gui.sh:2108
 msgid "File type changed, not staged"
 msgstr "Filtyp ändrad, ej köade"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1976
+#: git-gui.sh:2109 git-gui.sh:2110
+msgid "File type changed, old type staged for commit"
+msgstr "Filtyp ändrad, gammal typ köade för incheckning"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2111
 msgid "File type changed, staged"
 msgstr "Filtyp ändrad, köade"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1978
+#: git-gui.sh:2112
+msgid "File type change staged, modification not staged"
+msgstr "Filtypsändringar köade, innehållsändringar ej köade"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2113
+msgid "File type change staged, file missing"
+msgstr "Filtypsändringar köade, fil saknas"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2115
 msgid "Untracked, not staged"
 msgstr "Ej spårade, ej köade"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1983
+#: git-gui.sh:2120
 msgid "Missing"
 msgstr "Saknade"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1984
+#: git-gui.sh:2121
 msgid "Staged for removal"
 msgstr "Köade för borttagning"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1985
+#: git-gui.sh:2122
 msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
 msgstr "Köade för borttagning, fortfarande närvarande"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1987 git-gui.sh:1988 git-gui.sh:1989 git-gui.sh:1990
-#: git-gui.sh:1991 git-gui.sh:1992
+#: git-gui.sh:2124 git-gui.sh:2125 git-gui.sh:2126 git-gui.sh:2127
+#: git-gui.sh:2128 git-gui.sh:2129
 msgid "Requires merge resolution"
 msgstr "Kräver konflikthantering efter sammanslagning"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2027
+#: git-gui.sh:2164
 msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
 msgstr "Startar gitk... vänta..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2039
+#: git-gui.sh:2176
 msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
 msgstr "Hittade inte gitk i PATH."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2098
+#: git-gui.sh:2235
 msgid "Couldn't find git gui in PATH"
 msgstr "Hittade inte git gui i PATH."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2515 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
+#: git-gui.sh:2654 lib/choose_repository.tcl:41
 msgid "Repository"
 msgstr "Arkiv"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2516
+#: git-gui.sh:2655
 msgid "Edit"
 msgstr "Redigera"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2518 lib/choose_rev.tcl:566
+#: git-gui.sh:2657 lib/choose_rev.tcl:567
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "Gren"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2521 lib/choose_rev.tcl:553
+#: git-gui.sh:2660 lib/choose_rev.tcl:554
 msgid "Commit@@noun"
 msgstr "Incheckning"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2524 lib/merge.tcl:121 lib/merge.tcl:150 lib/merge.tcl:168
+#: git-gui.sh:2663 lib/merge.tcl:123 lib/merge.tcl:152 lib/merge.tcl:170
 msgid "Merge"
 msgstr "Slå ihop"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2525 lib/choose_rev.tcl:562
+#: git-gui.sh:2664 lib/choose_rev.tcl:563
 msgid "Remote"
 msgstr "Fjärrarkiv"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2528
+#: git-gui.sh:2667
 msgid "Tools"
 msgstr "Verktyg"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2537
+#: git-gui.sh:2676
 msgid "Explore Working Copy"
 msgstr "Utforska arbetskopia"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2543
+#: git-gui.sh:2682
+msgid "Git Bash"
+msgstr "Git Bash"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2692
 msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
 msgstr "Bläddra i grenens filer"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2547
+#: git-gui.sh:2696
 msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
 msgstr "Bläddra filer på gren..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2552
+#: git-gui.sh:2701
 msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
 msgstr "Visualisera grenens historik"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2556
+#: git-gui.sh:2705
 msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
 msgstr "Visualisera alla grenars historik"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2563
+#: git-gui.sh:2712
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Browse %s's Files"
 msgstr "Bläddra i filer för %s"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2565
+#: git-gui.sh:2714
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Visualize %s's History"
 msgstr "Visualisera historik för %s"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2570 lib/database.tcl:40 lib/database.tcl:66
+#: git-gui.sh:2719 lib/database.tcl:40 lib/database.tcl:66
 msgid "Database Statistics"
 msgstr "Databasstatistik"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2573 lib/database.tcl:33
+#: git-gui.sh:2722 lib/database.tcl:33
 msgid "Compress Database"
 msgstr "Komprimera databas"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2576
+#: git-gui.sh:2725
 msgid "Verify Database"
 msgstr "Verifiera databas"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2583 git-gui.sh:2587 git-gui.sh:2591 lib/shortcut.tcl:8
+#: git-gui.sh:2732 git-gui.sh:2736 git-gui.sh:2740 lib/shortcut.tcl:8
 #: lib/shortcut.tcl:40 lib/shortcut.tcl:72
 msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
 msgstr "Skapa skrivbordsikon"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2599 lib/choose_repository.tcl:188 lib/choose_repository.tcl:196
+#: git-gui.sh:2748 lib/choose_repository.tcl:193 lib/choose_repository.tcl:201
 msgid "Quit"
 msgstr "Avsluta"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2607
+#: git-gui.sh:2756
 msgid "Undo"
 msgstr "Ã…ngra"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2610
+#: git-gui.sh:2759
 msgid "Redo"
 msgstr "Gör om"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2614 git-gui.sh:3190
+#: git-gui.sh:2763 git-gui.sh:3368
 msgid "Cut"
 msgstr "Klipp ut"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2617 git-gui.sh:3193 git-gui.sh:3267 git-gui.sh:3340
+#: git-gui.sh:2766 git-gui.sh:3371 git-gui.sh:3445 git-gui.sh:3530
 #: lib/console.tcl:69
 msgid "Copy"
 msgstr "Kopiera"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2620 git-gui.sh:3196
+#: git-gui.sh:2769 git-gui.sh:3374
 msgid "Paste"
 msgstr "Klistra in"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2623 git-gui.sh:3199 lib/branch_delete.tcl:28
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:39
+#: git-gui.sh:2772 git-gui.sh:3377 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:39
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:28
 msgid "Delete"
 msgstr "Ta bort"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2627 git-gui.sh:3203 git-gui.sh:3344 lib/console.tcl:71
+#: git-gui.sh:2776 git-gui.sh:3381 git-gui.sh:3534 lib/console.tcl:71
 msgid "Select All"
 msgstr "Markera alla"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2636
+#: git-gui.sh:2785
 msgid "Create..."
 msgstr "Skapa..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2642
+#: git-gui.sh:2791
 msgid "Checkout..."
 msgstr "Checka ut..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2648
+#: git-gui.sh:2797
 msgid "Rename..."
 msgstr "Byt namn..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2653
+#: git-gui.sh:2802
 msgid "Delete..."
 msgstr "Ta bort..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2658
+#: git-gui.sh:2807
 msgid "Reset..."
 msgstr "Återställ..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2668
+#: git-gui.sh:2817
 msgid "Done"
 msgstr "Färdig"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2670
+#: git-gui.sh:2819
 msgid "Commit@@verb"
 msgstr "Checka in"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2679 git-gui.sh:3131
+#: git-gui.sh:2828 git-gui.sh:3309
 msgid "New Commit"
 msgstr "Ny incheckning"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2687 git-gui.sh:3138
+#: git-gui.sh:2836 git-gui.sh:3316
 msgid "Amend Last Commit"
 msgstr "Lägg till föregående incheckning"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2697 git-gui.sh:3092 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:101
+#: git-gui.sh:2846 git-gui.sh:3270 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:101
 msgid "Rescan"
 msgstr "Sök på nytt"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2703
+#: git-gui.sh:2852
 msgid "Stage To Commit"
 msgstr "Köa för incheckning"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2709
+#: git-gui.sh:2858
 msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
 msgstr "Köa ändrade filer för incheckning"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2715
+#: git-gui.sh:2864
 msgid "Unstage From Commit"
 msgstr "Ta bort från incheckningskö"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2721 lib/index.tcl:415
+#: git-gui.sh:2870 lib/index.tcl:442
 msgid "Revert Changes"
 msgstr "Återställ ändringar"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2729 git-gui.sh:3391 git-gui.sh:3422
+#: git-gui.sh:2878 git-gui.sh:3581 git-gui.sh:3612
 msgid "Show Less Context"
 msgstr "Visa mindre sammanhang"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2733 git-gui.sh:3395 git-gui.sh:3426
+#: git-gui.sh:2882 git-gui.sh:3585 git-gui.sh:3616
 msgid "Show More Context"
 msgstr "Visa mer sammanhang"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2740 git-gui.sh:3105 git-gui.sh:3214
+#: git-gui.sh:2889 git-gui.sh:3283 git-gui.sh:3392
 msgid "Sign Off"
 msgstr "Skriv under"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2756
+#: git-gui.sh:2905
 msgid "Local Merge..."
 msgstr "Lokal sammanslagning..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2761
+#: git-gui.sh:2910
 msgid "Abort Merge..."
 msgstr "Avbryt sammanslagning..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2773 git-gui.sh:2801
+#: git-gui.sh:2922 git-gui.sh:2950
 msgid "Add..."
 msgstr "Lägg till..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2777
+#: git-gui.sh:2926
 msgid "Push..."
 msgstr "Sänd..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2781
+#: git-gui.sh:2930
 msgid "Delete Branch..."
 msgstr "Ta bort gren..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2791 git-gui.sh:3373
+#: git-gui.sh:2940 git-gui.sh:3563
 msgid "Options..."
 msgstr "Alternativ..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2802
+#: git-gui.sh:2951
 msgid "Remove..."
 msgstr "Ta bort..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2811 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+#: git-gui.sh:2960 lib/choose_repository.tcl:55
 msgid "Help"
 msgstr "Hjälp"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2815 git-gui.sh:2819 lib/about.tcl:14
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:53
+#: git-gui.sh:2964 git-gui.sh:2968 lib/choose_repository.tcl:49
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:58 lib/about.tcl:14
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "About %s"
 msgstr "Om %s"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2843
+#: git-gui.sh:2992
 msgid "Online Documentation"
 msgstr "Webbdokumentation"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2846 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
+#: git-gui.sh:2995 lib/choose_repository.tcl:52 lib/choose_repository.tcl:61
 msgid "Show SSH Key"
 msgstr "Visa SSH-nyckel"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2965
+#: git-gui.sh:3014 git-gui.sh:3146
+msgid "Usage"
+msgstr "Användning"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3095 lib/blame.tcl:573
+msgid "Error"
+msgstr "Fel"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3126
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
 msgstr ""
 "ödesdigert: kunde inte ta status på sökvägen %s: Fil eller katalog saknas"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2997
+#: git-gui.sh:3159
 msgid "Current Branch:"
 msgstr "Aktuell gren:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3023
+#: git-gui.sh:3185
 msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
 msgstr "Köade ändringar (kommer att checkas in)"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3043
+#: git-gui.sh:3205
 msgid "Unstaged Changes"
 msgstr "Oköade ändringar"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3098
+#: git-gui.sh:3276
 msgid "Stage Changed"
 msgstr "Köa ändrade"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3117 lib/transport.tcl:107 lib/transport.tcl:196
+#: git-gui.sh:3295 lib/transport.tcl:137 lib/transport.tcl:229
 msgid "Push"
 msgstr "Sänd"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3152
+#: git-gui.sh:3330
 msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Inledande incheckningsmeddelande:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3153
+#: git-gui.sh:3331
 msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Utökat incheckningsmeddelande:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3154
+#: git-gui.sh:3332
 msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Utökat inledande incheckningsmeddelande:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3155
+#: git-gui.sh:3333
 msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Utökat incheckningsmeddelande för sammanslagning:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3156
+#: git-gui.sh:3334
 msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Incheckningsmeddelande för sammanslagning:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3157
+#: git-gui.sh:3335
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Incheckningsmeddelande:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3206 git-gui.sh:3348 lib/console.tcl:73
+#: git-gui.sh:3384 git-gui.sh:3538 lib/console.tcl:73
 msgid "Copy All"
 msgstr "Kopiera alla"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3230 lib/blame.tcl:104
+#: git-gui.sh:3408 lib/blame.tcl:105
 msgid "File:"
 msgstr "Fil:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3336
+#: git-gui.sh:3526
 msgid "Refresh"
 msgstr "Uppdatera"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3357
+#: git-gui.sh:3547
 msgid "Decrease Font Size"
 msgstr "Minska teckensnittsstorlek"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3361
+#: git-gui.sh:3551
 msgid "Increase Font Size"
 msgstr "Öka teckensnittsstorlek"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3369 lib/blame.tcl:281
+#: git-gui.sh:3559 lib/blame.tcl:294
 msgid "Encoding"
 msgstr "Teckenkodning"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3380
+#: git-gui.sh:3570
 msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
 msgstr "Använd/återställ del"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3385
+#: git-gui.sh:3575
 msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
 msgstr "Använd/återställ rad"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3404
+#: git-gui.sh:3594
 msgid "Run Merge Tool"
 msgstr "Starta verktyg för sammanslagning"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3409
+#: git-gui.sh:3599
 msgid "Use Remote Version"
 msgstr "Använd versionen från fjärrarkivet"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3413
+#: git-gui.sh:3603
 msgid "Use Local Version"
 msgstr "Använd lokala versionen"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3417
+#: git-gui.sh:3607
 msgid "Revert To Base"
 msgstr "Återställ till basversionen"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3435
+#: git-gui.sh:3625
 msgid "Visualize These Changes In The Submodule"
 msgstr "Visualisera ändringarna i undermodulen"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3439
+#: git-gui.sh:3629
 msgid "Visualize Current Branch History In The Submodule"
 msgstr "Visualisera grenens historik i undermodulen"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3443
+#: git-gui.sh:3633
 msgid "Visualize All Branch History In The Submodule"
 msgstr "Visualisera alla grenars historik i undermodulen"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3448
+#: git-gui.sh:3638
 msgid "Start git gui In The Submodule"
 msgstr "Starta git gui i undermodulen"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3483
+#: git-gui.sh:3673
 msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
 msgstr "Ta bort del ur incheckningskö"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3485
+#: git-gui.sh:3675
 msgid "Unstage Lines From Commit"
 msgstr "Ta bort rader ur incheckningskö"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3487
+#: git-gui.sh:3677
 msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
 msgstr "Ta bort rad ur incheckningskö"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3490
+#: git-gui.sh:3680
 msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
 msgstr "Ställ del i incheckningskö"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3492
+#: git-gui.sh:3682
 msgid "Stage Lines For Commit"
 msgstr "Ställ rader i incheckningskö"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3494
+#: git-gui.sh:3684
 msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
 msgstr "Ställ rad i incheckningskö"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3519
+#: git-gui.sh:3709
 msgid "Initializing..."
 msgstr "Initierar..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3658
+#: git-gui.sh:3852
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Possible environment issues exist.\n"
@@ -549,7 +580,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "av %s:\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3687
+#: git-gui.sh:3881
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "This is due to a known issue with the\n"
@@ -559,7 +590,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Detta beror på ett känt problem med\n"
 "Tcl-binären som följer med Cygwin."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3692
+#: git-gui.sh:3886
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -576,314 +607,30 @@ msgstr ""
 "user.name och user.email i din personliga\n"
 "~/.gitconfig-fil.\n"
 
-#: lib/about.tcl:26
-msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
-msgstr "git-gui - ett grafiskt användargränssnitt för Git."
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:72
-msgid "File Viewer"
-msgstr "Filvisare"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:78
-msgid "Commit:"
-msgstr "Incheckning:"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:271
-msgid "Copy Commit"
-msgstr "Kopiera incheckning"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:275
-msgid "Find Text..."
-msgstr "Sök text..."
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:284
-msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
-msgstr "Gör full kopieringsigenkänning"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:288
-msgid "Show History Context"
-msgstr "Visa historiksammanhang"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:291
-msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
-msgstr "Klandra föräldraincheckning"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:450
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Reading %s..."
-msgstr "Läser %s..."
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:581
-msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
-msgstr "Läser annoteringar för kopiering/flyttning..."
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:601
-msgid "lines annotated"
-msgstr "rader annoterade"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:793
-msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
-msgstr "Läser in annotering av originalplacering..."
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:796
-msgid "Annotation complete."
-msgstr "Annotering fullbordad."
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:826
-msgid "Busy"
-msgstr "Upptagen"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:827
-msgid "Annotation process is already running."
-msgstr "Annoteringsprocess körs redan."
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:866
-msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
-msgstr "Kör grundlig kopieringsigenkänning..."
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:934
-msgid "Loading annotation..."
-msgstr "Läser in annotering..."
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:987
-msgid "Author:"
-msgstr "Författare:"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:991
-msgid "Committer:"
-msgstr "Incheckare:"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:996
-msgid "Original File:"
-msgstr "Ursprunglig fil:"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1044
-msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
-msgstr "Hittar inte incheckning för HEAD:"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1099
-msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
-msgstr "Hittar inte föräldraincheckning:"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1114
-msgid "Unable to display parent"
-msgstr "Kan inte visa förälder"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1115 lib/diff.tcl:323
-msgid "Error loading diff:"
-msgstr "Fel vid inläsning av differens:"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1255
-msgid "Originally By:"
-msgstr "Ursprungligen av:"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1261
-msgid "In File:"
-msgstr "I filen:"
-
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1266
-msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
-msgstr "Kopierad eller flyttad hit av:"
-
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:16 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:21
-msgid "Checkout Branch"
-msgstr "Checka ut gren"
-
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:26
-msgid "Checkout"
-msgstr "Checka ut"
-
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:30 lib/branch_create.tcl:37
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:34 lib/branch_rename.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:286
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:579 lib/choose_font.tcl:45 lib/merge.tcl:172
-#: lib/option.tcl:127 lib/remote_add.tcl:34 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:43
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:41 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:202 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:345
-#: lib/transport.tcl:111
-msgid "Cancel"
-msgstr "Avbryt"
-
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:35 lib/browser.tcl:291 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:321
-msgid "Revision"
-msgstr "Revision"
+#: lib/line.tcl:17
+msgid "Goto Line:"
+msgstr "GÃ¥ till rad:"
 
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:287
-msgid "Options"
-msgstr "Alternativ"
+#: lib/line.tcl:23
+msgid "Go"
+msgstr "GÃ¥"
 
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:42 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
-msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
-msgstr "Hämta spårande gren"
-
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:47
-msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
-msgstr "Koppla bort från lokal gren"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:23
-msgid "Create Branch"
-msgstr "Skapa gren"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:28
-msgid "Create New Branch"
-msgstr "Skapa ny gren"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:33 lib/choose_repository.tcl:389
-msgid "Create"
-msgstr "Skapa"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:42
-msgid "Branch Name"
-msgstr "Namn på gren"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:44 lib/remote_add.tcl:41 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:51
-msgid "Name:"
-msgstr "Namn:"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:57
-msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
-msgstr "Använd namn på spårad gren"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
-msgid "Starting Revision"
-msgstr "Inledande revision"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
-msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
-msgstr "Uppdatera befintlig gren:"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
-msgid "No"
-msgstr "Nej"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
-msgid "Fast Forward Only"
-msgstr "Endast snabbspolning"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:571
-msgid "Reset"
-msgstr "Återställ"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
-msgid "Checkout After Creation"
-msgstr "Checka ut när skapad"
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:132
-msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
-msgstr "Välj en gren att spåra."
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:141
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
-msgstr "Den spårade grenen %s är inte en gren i fjärrarkivet."
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:154 lib/branch_rename.tcl:92
-msgid "Please supply a branch name."
-msgstr "Ange ett namn för grenen."
-
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:165 lib/branch_rename.tcl:112
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
-msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas som namn på grenen."
-
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:16
-msgid "Delete Branch"
-msgstr "Ta bort gren"
-
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:21
-msgid "Delete Local Branch"
-msgstr "Ta bort lokal gren"
-
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:39
-msgid "Local Branches"
-msgstr "Lokala grenar"
-
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:51
-msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
-msgstr "Ta bara bort om sammanslagen med"
-
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:53 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:120
-msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
-msgstr "Alltid (utför inte sammanslagningstest)"
-
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
-msgstr "Följande grenar är inte till fullo sammanslagna med %s:"
-
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:115 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:218
-msgid ""
-"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
-"\n"
-"Delete the selected branches?"
-msgstr ""
-"Det kan vara svårt att återställa borttagna grenar.\n"
-"\n"
-"Ta bort de valda grenarna?"
-
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
-#, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"Failed to delete branches:\n"
-"%s"
-msgstr ""
-"Kunde inte ta bort grenar:\n"
-"%s"
-
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:15 lib/branch_rename.tcl:23
-msgid "Rename Branch"
-msgstr "Byt namn på gren"
-
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:28
-msgid "Rename"
-msgstr "Byt namn"
-
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:38
-msgid "Branch:"
-msgstr "Gren:"
-
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:46
-msgid "New Name:"
-msgstr "Nytt namn:"
-
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:81
-msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
-msgstr "Välj en gren att byta namn på."
-
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:102 lib/checkout_op.tcl:202
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
-msgstr "Grenen \"%s\" finns redan."
-
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:123
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
-msgstr "Kunde inte byta namn på \"%s\"."
-
-#: lib/browser.tcl:17
-msgid "Starting..."
-msgstr "Startar..."
-
-#: lib/browser.tcl:27
-msgid "File Browser"
-msgstr "Filbläddrare"
-
-#: lib/browser.tcl:126 lib/browser.tcl:143
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Loading %s..."
-msgstr "Läser %s..."
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr "Arbetar... vänta..."
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:187
-msgid "[Up To Parent]"
-msgstr "[Upp till förälder]"
+#: lib/console.tcl:81 lib/checkout_op.tcl:146 lib/sshkey.tcl:55
+#: lib/database.tcl:30
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Stäng"
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:269 lib/browser.tcl:276
-msgid "Browse Branch Files"
-msgstr "Bläddra filer på grenen"
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr "Lyckades"
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:282 lib/choose_repository.tcl:404
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:491 lib/choose_repository.tcl:500
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1027
-msgid "Browse"
-msgstr "Bläddra"
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr "Fel: Kommando misslyckades"
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:85
 #, tcl-format
@@ -895,11 +642,6 @@ msgstr "Hämtar %s från %s"
 msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
 msgstr "ödesdigert: Kunde inte slå upp %s"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:146 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:30
-#: lib/sshkey.tcl:55
-msgid "Close"
-msgstr "Stäng"
-
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:175
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
@@ -910,6 +652,11 @@ msgstr "Grenen \"%s\" finns inte."
 msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
 msgstr "Kunde inte konfigurera förenklad git-pull för '%s'."
 
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:202 lib/branch_rename.tcl:102
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Grenen \"%s\" finns redan."
+
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:229
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
@@ -1008,10 +755,23 @@ msgstr "Det kanske inte är så enkelt att återskapa förlorade incheckningar."
 msgid "Reset '%s'?"
 msgstr "Återställa \"%s\"?"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:567 lib/merge.tcl:164 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:336
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:567 lib/merge.tcl:166 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:336
 msgid "Visualize"
 msgstr "Visualisera"
 
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:571 lib/branch_create.tcl:85
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr "Återställ"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:579 lib/transport.tcl:141 lib/remote_add.tcl:34
+#: lib/browser.tcl:292 lib/merge.tcl:174 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:30
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:45 lib/option.tcl:127 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:41
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:202 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:345 lib/branch_rename.tcl:32
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:43 lib/branch_create.tcl:37
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Avbryt"
+
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:635
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
@@ -1029,544 +789,442 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Detta skulle inte ha hänt. %s kommer nu stängas och ge upp."
 
-#: lib/choose_font.tcl:41
-msgid "Select"
-msgstr "Välj"
-
-#: lib/choose_font.tcl:55
-msgid "Font Family"
-msgstr "Teckensnittsfamilj"
-
-#: lib/choose_font.tcl:76
-msgid "Font Size"
-msgstr "Storlek"
-
-#: lib/choose_font.tcl:93
-msgid "Font Example"
-msgstr "Exempel"
-
-#: lib/choose_font.tcl:105
-msgid ""
-"This is example text.\n"
-"If you like this text, it can be your font."
-msgstr ""
-"Detta är en exempeltext.\n"
-"Om du tycker om den här texten kan den vara ditt teckensnitt."
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
-msgid "Git Gui"
-msgstr "Git Gui"
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87 lib/choose_repository.tcl:394
-msgid "Create New Repository"
-msgstr "Skapa nytt arkiv"
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:93
-msgid "New..."
-msgstr "Nytt..."
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100 lib/choose_repository.tcl:478
-msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
-msgstr "Klona befintligt arkiv"
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:111
-msgid "Clone..."
-msgstr "Klona..."
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:118 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1017
-msgid "Open Existing Repository"
-msgstr "Öppna befintligt arkiv"
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:124
-msgid "Open..."
-msgstr "Öppna..."
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:137
-msgid "Recent Repositories"
-msgstr "Senaste arkiven"
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:143
-msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
-msgstr "Öppna tidigare arkiv:"
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:313 lib/choose_repository.tcl:320
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:327
+#: lib/transport.tcl:6 lib/remote_add.tcl:132
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
-msgstr "Kunde inte skapa arkivet %s:"
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:399
-msgid "Directory:"
-msgstr "Katalog:"
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:429 lib/choose_repository.tcl:550
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1051
-msgid "Git Repository"
-msgstr "Gitarkiv"
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "hämta %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:454
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Directory %s already exists."
-msgstr "Katalogen %s finns redan."
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr "Hämtar nya ändringar från %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:458
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "File %s already exists."
-msgstr "Filen %s finns redan."
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:473
-msgid "Clone"
-msgstr "Klona"
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:486
-msgid "Source Location:"
-msgstr "Plats för källkod:"
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr "fjärrborttagning %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:495
-msgid "Target Directory:"
-msgstr "MÃ¥lkatalog:"
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr "Tar bort spårande grenar som tagits bort från %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:505
-msgid "Clone Type:"
-msgstr "Typ av klon:"
+#: lib/transport.tcl:25
+msgid "fetch all remotes"
+msgstr "hämta alla fjärrarkiv"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:510
-msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
-msgstr "Standard (snabb, semiredundant, hårda länkar)"
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+msgid "Fetching new changes from all remotes"
+msgstr "Hämtar nya ändringar från alla fjärrarkiv"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:515
-msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
-msgstr "Full kopia (långsammare, redundant säkerhetskopia)"
+#: lib/transport.tcl:40
+msgid "remote prune all remotes"
+msgstr "rensa alla fjärrarkiv"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:520
-msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
-msgstr "Delad (snabbast, rekommenderas ej, ingen säkerhetskopia)"
+#: lib/transport.tcl:41
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from all remotes"
+msgstr "Rensar spårande grenar som tagits bort, från alla fjärrarkiv"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:556 lib/choose_repository.tcl:603
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:749 lib/choose_repository.tcl:819
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1057 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1065
+#: lib/transport.tcl:54 lib/transport.tcl:92 lib/transport.tcl:110
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:162
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
-msgstr "Inte ett Gitarkiv: %s"
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:592
-msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
-msgstr "Standard är endast tillgängligt för lokala arkiv."
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:596
-msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
-msgstr "Delat är endast tillgängligt för lokala arkiv."
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "sänd %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:617
+#: lib/transport.tcl:55
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Location %s already exists."
-msgstr "Platsen %s finns redan."
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:628
-msgid "Failed to configure origin"
-msgstr "Kunde inte konfigurera ursprung"
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:640
-msgid "Counting objects"
-msgstr "Räknar objekt"
-
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:641
-msgid "buckets"
-msgstr "hinkar"
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr "Sänder ändringar till %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:665
+#: lib/transport.tcl:93
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
-msgstr "Kunde inte kopiera objekt/info/alternativ: %s"
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "Speglar till %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:701
+#: lib/transport.tcl:111
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
-msgstr "Ingenting att klona från %s."
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr "Sänder %s %s till %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:703 lib/choose_repository.tcl:917
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:929
-msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
-msgstr "Grenen \"master\" har inte initierats."
+#: lib/transport.tcl:132
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr "Sänd grenar"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:716
-msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
-msgstr "Hårda länkar är inte tillgängliga. Faller tillbaka på kopiering."
+#: lib/transport.tcl:147
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr "Källgrenar"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:728
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Cloning from %s"
-msgstr "Klonar från %s"
+#: lib/transport.tcl:162
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr "Destinationsarkiv"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:759
-msgid "Copying objects"
-msgstr "Kopierar objekt"
+#: lib/transport.tcl:165 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:51
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr "Fjärrarkiv:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:760
-msgid "KiB"
-msgstr "KiB"
+#: lib/transport.tcl:187 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:72
+msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
+msgstr "Godtycklig plats:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:784
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
-msgstr "Kunde inte kopiera objekt: %s"
+#: lib/transport.tcl:205
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr "Överföringsalternativ"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:794
-msgid "Linking objects"
-msgstr "Länkar objekt"
+#: lib/transport.tcl:207
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr "Tvinga överskrivning av befintlig gren (kan kasta bort ändringar)"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:795
-msgid "objects"
-msgstr "objekt"
+#: lib/transport.tcl:211
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr "Använd tunt paket (för långsamma nätverksanslutningar)"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:803
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
-msgstr "Kunde inte hårdlänka objekt: %s"
+#: lib/transport.tcl:215
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr "Ta med taggar"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:858
-msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
-msgstr "Kunde inte hämta grenar och objekt. Se konsolutdata för detaljer."
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:20
+msgid "Add Remote"
+msgstr "Lägg till fjärrarkiv"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:869
-msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
-msgstr "Kunde inte hämta taggar. Se konsolutdata för detaljer."
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:25
+msgid "Add New Remote"
+msgstr "Lägg till nytt fjärrarkiv"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:893
-msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
-msgstr "Kunde inte avgöra HEAD. Se konsolutdata för detaljer."
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:30 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:37
+msgid "Add"
+msgstr "Lägg till"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
-msgstr "Kunde inte städa upp %s"
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:39
+msgid "Remote Details"
+msgstr "Detaljer för fjärrarkiv"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:908
-msgid "Clone failed."
-msgstr "Kloning misslyckades."
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:41 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:51 lib/branch_create.tcl:44
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Namn:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:915
-msgid "No default branch obtained."
-msgstr "Hämtade ingen standardgren."
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
+msgid "Location:"
+msgstr "Plats:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:926
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
-msgstr "Kunde inte slå upp %s till någon incheckning."
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:60
+msgid "Further Action"
+msgstr "Ytterligare åtgärd"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:938
-msgid "Creating working directory"
-msgstr "Skapar arbetskatalog"
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:63
+msgid "Fetch Immediately"
+msgstr "Hämta omedelbart"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:939 lib/index.tcl:70 lib/index.tcl:133
-#: lib/index.tcl:201
-msgid "files"
-msgstr "filer"
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:69
+msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
+msgstr "Initiera fjärrarkiv och sänd till"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:968
-msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
-msgstr "Inledande filutcheckning misslyckades."
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:75
+msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
+msgstr "Gör ingent mer nu"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1012
-msgid "Open"
-msgstr "Öppna"
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:100
+msgid "Please supply a remote name."
+msgstr "Ange ett namn för fjärrarkivet."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1022
-msgid "Repository:"
-msgstr "Arkiv:"
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:113
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
+msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas som namn på fjärrarkivet."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1071
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:124
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
-msgstr "Kunde inte öppna arkivet %s:"
+msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
+msgstr "Kunde inte lägga till fjärrarkivet \"%s\" på platsen \"%s\"."
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:52
-msgid "This Detached Checkout"
-msgstr "Denna frånkopplade utcheckning"
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching the %s"
+msgstr "Hämtar %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
-msgid "Revision Expression:"
-msgstr "Revisionsuttryck:"
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:156
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
+msgstr "Vet inte hur arkivet på platsen \"%s\" skall initieras."
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:72
-msgid "Local Branch"
-msgstr "Lokal gren"
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
+msgstr "Konfigurerar %s (på %s)"
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:77
-msgid "Tracking Branch"
-msgstr "Spårande gren"
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr "Startar..."
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:82 lib/choose_rev.tcl:543
-msgid "Tag"
-msgstr "Tagg"
+#: lib/browser.tcl:27
+msgid "File Browser"
+msgstr "Filbläddrare"
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:321
+#: lib/browser.tcl:132 lib/browser.tcl:149
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
-msgstr "Ogiltig revision: %s"
-
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:342
-msgid "No revision selected."
-msgstr "Ingen revision vald."
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr "Läser %s..."
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:350
-msgid "Revision expression is empty."
-msgstr "Revisionsuttrycket är tomt."
+#: lib/browser.tcl:193
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr "[Upp till förälder]"
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:536
-msgid "Updated"
-msgstr "Uppdaterad"
+#: lib/browser.tcl:275 lib/browser.tcl:282
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "Bläddra filer på grenen"
 
-#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:564
-msgid "URL"
-msgstr "Webbadress"
+#: lib/browser.tcl:288 lib/choose_repository.tcl:422
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:509 lib/choose_repository.tcl:518
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1074
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr "Bläddra"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:9
-msgid ""
-"There is nothing to amend.\n"
-"\n"
-"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
-"to amend.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Det finns ingenting att utöka.\n"
-"\n"
-"Du håller på att skapa den inledande incheckningen. Det finns ingen tidigare "
-"incheckning att utöka.\n"
+#: lib/browser.tcl:297 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:35 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:321
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr "Revision"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+#: lib/merge.tcl:13
 msgid ""
-"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
+"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
 "\n"
-"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
-"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
-"current merge activity.\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Kan inte utöka vid sammanslagning.\n"
+"Kan inte slå ihop vid utökning.\n"
 "\n"
-"Du är i mitten av en sammanslagning som inte är fullbordad. Du kan inte "
-"utöka tidigare incheckningar om du inte först avbryter den pågående "
-"sammanslagningen.\n"
-
-#: lib/commit.tcl:48
-msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
-msgstr "Fel vid inläsning av incheckningsdata för utökning:"
-
-#: lib/commit.tcl:75
-msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
-msgstr "Kunde inte hämta din identitet:"
-
-#: lib/commit.tcl:80
-msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
-msgstr "Felaktig GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
-
-#: lib/commit.tcl:129
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
-msgstr "varning: Tcl stöder inte teckenkodningen \"%s\"."
+"Du måste göra färdig utökningen av incheckningen innan du påbörjar någon "
+"slags sammanslagning.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:149
+#: lib/merge.tcl:27
 msgid ""
 "Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
 "\n"
 "Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
-"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
 "\n"
 "The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Det senaste inlästa tillståndet motsvarar inte tillståndet i arkivet.\n"
 "\n"
 "Ett annat Git-program har ändrat arkivet sedan senaste avsökningen. Du måste "
-"utföra en ny sökning innan du kan göra en ny incheckning.\n"
+"utföra en ny sökning innan du kan utföra en sammanslagning.\n"
 "\n"
 "Sökningen kommer att startas automatiskt nu.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:172
+#: lib/merge.tcl:45
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
-"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
 "\n"
-"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
-"before committing.\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
+"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Osammanslagna filer kan inte checkas in.\n"
+"Du är mitt i en sammanslagning med konflikter.\n"
 "\n"
-"Filen %s har sammanslagningskonflikter. Du måste lösa dem och köa filen "
-"innan du checkar in den.\n"
+"Filen %s har sammanslagningskonflikter.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du måste lösa dem, köa filen och checka in för att fullborda den aktuella "
+"sammanslagningen. När du gjort det kan du påbörja en ny sammanslagning.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:180
+#: lib/merge.tcl:55
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
-"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
+"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
 "\n"
-"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
+"File %s is modified.\n"
+"\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
+"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Okänd filstatus %s upptäckt.\n"
+"Du är mitt i en ändring.\n"
 "\n"
-"Filen %s kan inte checkas in av programmet.\n"
+"Filen %s har ändringar.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du bör fullborda den aktuella incheckningen innan du påbörjar en "
+"sammanslagning. Om du gör det blir det enklare att avbryta en misslyckad "
+"sammanslagning, om det skulle vara nödvändigt.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:108
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s of %s"
+msgstr "%s av %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:122
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
+msgstr "Slår ihop %s och %s..."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:133
+msgid "Merge completed successfully."
+msgstr "Sammanslagningen avslutades framgångsrikt."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:188
+#: lib/merge.tcl:135
+msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
+msgstr "Sammanslagningen misslyckades. Du måste lösa konflikterna."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:160
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge Into %s"
+msgstr "Slå ihop i %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:179
+msgid "Revision To Merge"
+msgstr "Revisioner att slå ihop"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:214
 msgid ""
-"No changes to commit.\n"
+"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
 "\n"
-"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Inga ändringar att checka in.\n"
+"Kan inte avbryta vid utökning.\n"
 "\n"
-"Du måste köa åtminstone en fil innan du kan checka in.\n"
+"Du måste göra dig färdig med att utöka incheckningen.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:203
+#: lib/merge.tcl:224
 msgid ""
-"Please supply a commit message.\n"
+"Abort merge?\n"
 "\n"
-"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
 "\n"
-"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
-"- Second line: Blank\n"
-"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
 msgstr ""
-"Ange ett incheckningsmeddelande.\n"
+"Avbryt sammanslagning?\n"
 "\n"
-"Ett bra incheckningsmeddelande har följande format:\n"
+"Om du avbryter sammanslagningen kommer *ALLA* ej incheckade ändringar att gå "
+"förlorade.\n"
 "\n"
-"- Första raden: Beskriv i en mening vad du gjorde.\n"
-"- Andra raden: Tom\n"
-"- Följande rader: Beskriv varför det här är en bra ändring.\n"
-
-#: lib/commit.tcl:234
-msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
-msgstr "Anropar kroken före incheckning (pre-commit)..."
+"GÃ¥ vidare med att avbryta den aktuella sammanslagningen?"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:249
-msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
-msgstr "Incheckningen avvisades av kroken före incheckning (pre-commit)."
+#: lib/merge.tcl:230
+msgid ""
+"Reset changes?\n"
+"\n"
+"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+msgstr ""
+"Återställ ändringar?\n"
+"\n"
+"Om du återställer ändringarna kommer *ALLA* ej incheckade ändringar att gå "
+"förlorade.\n"
+"\n"
+"Gå vidare med att återställa de aktuella ändringarna?"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:272
-msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
-msgstr "Anropar kroken för incheckningsmeddelande (commit-msg)..."
+#: lib/merge.tcl:241
+msgid "Aborting"
+msgstr "Avbryter"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:287
-msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
-msgstr "Incheckning avvisad av kroken för incheckningsmeddelande (commit-msg)."
+#: lib/merge.tcl:241
+msgid "files reset"
+msgstr "filer återställda"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:300
-msgid "Committing changes..."
-msgstr "Checkar in ändringar..."
+#: lib/merge.tcl:269
+msgid "Abort failed."
+msgstr "Misslyckades avbryta."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:316
-msgid "write-tree failed:"
-msgstr "write-tree misslyckades:"
+#: lib/merge.tcl:271
+msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
+msgstr "Avbrytning fullbordad. Redo."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:317 lib/commit.tcl:361 lib/commit.tcl:382
-msgid "Commit failed."
-msgstr "Incheckningen misslyckades."
+#: lib/tools.tcl:75
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr "För att starta %s måste du välja en fil."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:334
+#: lib/tools.tcl:91
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
-msgstr "Incheckningen %s verkar vara trasig"
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %1$s on file \"%2$s\"?"
+msgstr "Är du säker på att du vill starta %1$s med filen \"%2$s\"?"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:339
-msgid ""
-"No changes to commit.\n"
-"\n"
-"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
-"\n"
-"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Inga ändringar att checka in.\n"
-"\n"
-"Inga filer ändrades av incheckningen och det var inte en sammanslagning.\n"
-"\n"
-"En sökning kommer att startas automatiskt nu.\n"
+#: lib/tools.tcl:95
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr "Är du säker på att du vill starta %s?"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:346
-msgid "No changes to commit."
-msgstr "Inga ändringar att checka in."
+#: lib/tools.tcl:116
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr "Verktyg: %s"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:360
-msgid "commit-tree failed:"
-msgstr "commit-tree misslyckades:"
+#: lib/tools.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr "Exekverar: %s"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:381
-msgid "update-ref failed:"
-msgstr "update-ref misslyckades:"
+#: lib/tools.tcl:155
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr "Verktyget avslutades framgångsrikt: %s"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:469
+#: lib/tools.tcl:157
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
-msgstr "Skapade incheckningen %s: %s"
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr "Verktyget misslyckades: %s"
 
-#: lib/console.tcl:59
-msgid "Working... please wait..."
-msgstr "Arbetar... vänta..."
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:16 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:21
+msgid "Checkout Branch"
+msgstr "Checka ut gren"
 
-#: lib/console.tcl:186
-msgid "Success"
-msgstr "Lyckades"
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:26
+msgid "Checkout"
+msgstr "Checka ut"
 
-#: lib/console.tcl:200
-msgid "Error: Command Failed"
-msgstr "Fel: Kommando misslyckades"
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/option.tcl:310 lib/branch_create.tcl:69
+msgid "Options"
+msgstr "Alternativ"
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:42
-msgid "Number of loose objects"
-msgstr "Antal lösa objekt"
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:42 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
+msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Hämta spårande gren"
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:43
-msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
-msgstr "Diskutrymme använt av lösa objekt"
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:47
+msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
+msgstr "Koppla bort från lokal gren"
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:44
-msgid "Number of packed objects"
-msgstr "Antal packade objekt"
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
+msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
+msgstr "Stavningskontrollprogrammet stöds inte"
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:45
-msgid "Number of packs"
-msgstr "Antal paket"
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
+msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
+msgstr "Stavningskontroll är ej tillgänglig"
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:46
-msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
-msgstr "Diskutrymme använt av packade objekt"
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
+msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
+msgstr "Ogiltig inställning för stavningskontroll"
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:47
-msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
-msgstr "Packade objekt som väntar på städning"
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
+msgstr "Återställer ordlistan till %s."
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:48
-msgid "Garbage files"
-msgstr "Skräpfiler"
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
+msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
+msgstr "Stavningskontroll misslyckades tyst vid start"
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:72
-msgid "Compressing the object database"
-msgstr "Komprimerar objektdatabasen"
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
+msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
+msgstr "Stavningskontrollprogrammet känns inte igen"
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:83
-msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
-msgstr "Verifierar objektdatabasen med fsck-objects"
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
+msgid "No Suggestions"
+msgstr "Inga förslag"
 
-#: lib/database.tcl:107
-#, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
-"\n"
-"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
-"the database.\n"
-"\n"
-"Compress the database now?"
-msgstr ""
-"Arkivet har för närvarande omkring %i lösa objekt.\n"
-"\n"
-"För att bibehålla optimal prestanda rekommenderas det å det bestämdaste att "
-"du komprimerar databasen.\n"
-"\n"
-"Komprimera databasen nu?"
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:388
+msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
+msgstr "Oväntat filslut från stavningskontroll"
 
-#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
+msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
+msgstr "Stavningskontroll misslyckades"
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:87
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
-msgstr "Ogiltigt datum från Git: %s"
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%s... %*i av %*i %s (%3i%%)"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:64
+#: lib/diff.tcl:77
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "No differences detected.\n"
@@ -1589,12 +1247,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "En sökning kommer automatiskt att startas för att hitta andra filer som kan "
 "vara i samma tillstånd."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:104
+#: lib/diff.tcl:117
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
 msgstr "Läser differens för %s..."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:125
+#: lib/diff.tcl:140
 msgid ""
 "LOCAL: deleted\n"
 "REMOTE:\n"
@@ -1602,7 +1260,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "LOKAL: borttagen\n"
 "FJÄRR:\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:130
+#: lib/diff.tcl:145
 msgid ""
 "REMOTE: deleted\n"
 "LOCAL:\n"
@@ -1610,32 +1268,32 @@ msgstr ""
 "FJÄRR: borttagen\n"
 "LOKAL:\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:137
+#: lib/diff.tcl:152
 msgid "LOCAL:\n"
 msgstr "LOKAL:\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:140
+#: lib/diff.tcl:155
 msgid "REMOTE:\n"
 msgstr "FJÄRR:\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:202 lib/diff.tcl:322
+#: lib/diff.tcl:217 lib/diff.tcl:355
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to display %s"
 msgstr "Kan inte visa %s"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:203
+#: lib/diff.tcl:218
 msgid "Error loading file:"
 msgstr "Fel vid läsning av fil:"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:210
+#: lib/diff.tcl:225
 msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
 msgstr "Gitarkiv (underprojekt)"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:222
+#: lib/diff.tcl:237
 msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
 msgstr "* Binärfil (visar inte innehållet)."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:227
+#: lib/diff.tcl:242
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
@@ -1644,7 +1302,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "* Den ospårade filen är %d byte.\n"
 "* Visar endast inledande %d byte.\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:233
+#: lib/diff.tcl:248
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -1655,257 +1313,213 @@ msgstr ""
 "* Den ospårade filen klipptes här av %s.\n"
 "* För att se hela filen, använd ett externt redigeringsprogram.\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:485
+#: lib/diff.tcl:356 lib/blame.tcl:1128
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "Fel vid inläsning av differens:"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:578
 msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
 msgstr "Kunde inte ta bort den valda delen från kön."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:492
+#: lib/diff.tcl:585
 msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
 msgstr "Kunde inte lägga till den valda delen till kön."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:571
+#: lib/diff.tcl:664
 msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
 msgstr "Kunde inte ta bort den valda raden från kön."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:579
+#: lib/diff.tcl:672
 msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
 msgstr "Kunde inte lägga till den valda raden till kön."
 
-#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
-msgid "Default"
-msgstr "Standard"
+#: lib/remote.tcl:200
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "Sänd till"
 
-#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "System (%s)"
-msgstr "Systemets (%s)"
+#: lib/remote.tcl:218
+msgid "Remove Remote"
+msgstr "Ta bort fjärrarkiv"
 
-#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
-msgid "Other"
-msgstr "Annan"
+#: lib/remote.tcl:223
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "Ta bort från"
 
-#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:116
-msgid "error"
-msgstr "fel"
+#: lib/remote.tcl:228
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "Hämta från"
 
-#: lib/error.tcl:36
-msgid "warning"
-msgstr "varning"
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:41
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr "Välj"
 
-#: lib/error.tcl:96
-msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
-msgstr "Du måste rätta till felen ovan innan du checkar in."
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:55
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr "Teckensnittsfamilj"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:6
-msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
-msgstr "Kunde inte låsa upp indexet."
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:76
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr "Storlek"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:17
-msgid "Index Error"
-msgstr "Indexfel"
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:93
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr "Exempel"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:19
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:105
 msgid ""
-"Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
-"resynchronize git-gui."
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
 msgstr ""
-"Misslyckades med att uppdatera Gitindexet. En omsökning kommer att startas "
-"automatiskt för att synkronisera om git-gui."
-
-#: lib/index.tcl:30
-msgid "Continue"
-msgstr "Fortsätt"
+"Detta är en exempeltext.\n"
+"Om du tycker om den här texten kan den vara ditt teckensnitt."
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:33
-msgid "Unlock Index"
-msgstr "LÃ¥s upp index"
+#: lib/option.tcl:11
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Den globala teckenkodningen \"%s\" är ogiltig"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:292
+#: lib/option.tcl:19
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
-msgstr "Tar bort %s för incheckningskön"
+msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Arkivets teckenkodning \"%s\" är ogiltig"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:331
-msgid "Ready to commit."
-msgstr "Redo att checka in."
+#: lib/option.tcl:119
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr "Återställ standardvärden"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:344
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Adding %s"
-msgstr "Lägger till %s"
+#: lib/option.tcl:123
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr "Spara"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:401
+#: lib/option.tcl:133
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
-msgstr "Återställ ändringarna i filen %s?"
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr "Arkivet %s"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:403
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
-msgstr "Återställ ändringarna i dessa %i filer?"
+#: lib/option.tcl:134
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr "Globalt (alla arkiv)"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:411
-msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
-msgstr ""
-"Alla oköade ändringar kommer permanent gå förlorade vid återställningen."
+#: lib/option.tcl:140
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr "Användarnamn"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:414
-msgid "Do Nothing"
-msgstr "Gör ingenting"
+#: lib/option.tcl:141
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr "E-postadress"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:432
-msgid "Reverting selected files"
-msgstr "Återställer valda filer"
+#: lib/option.tcl:143
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr "Summera sammanslagningsincheckningar"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:436
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Reverting %s"
-msgstr "Återställer %s"
+#: lib/option.tcl:144
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr "Pratsamhet för sammanslagningar"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:13
-msgid ""
-"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
-"\n"
-"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Kan inte slå ihop vid utökning.\n"
-"\n"
-"Du måste göra färdig utökningen av incheckningen innan du påbörjar någon "
-"slags sammanslagning.\n"
+#: lib/option.tcl:145
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr "Visa diffstatistik efter sammanslagning"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:27
-msgid ""
-"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
-"\n"
-"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
-"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
-"\n"
-"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Det senaste inlästa tillståndet motsvarar inte tillståndet i arkivet.\n"
-"\n"
-"Ett annat Git-program har ändrat arkivet sedan senaste avsökningen. Du måste "
-"utföra en ny sökning innan du kan utföra en sammanslagning.\n"
-"\n"
-"Sökningen kommer att startas automatiskt nu.\n"
+#: lib/option.tcl:146
+msgid "Use Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Använd verktyg för sammanslagning"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:45
-#, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
-"\n"
-"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
-"\n"
-"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
-"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Du är mitt i en sammanslagning med konflikter.\n"
-"\n"
-"Filen %s har sammanslagningskonflikter.\n"
-"\n"
-"Du måste lösa dem, köa filen och checka in för att fullborda den aktuella "
-"sammanslagningen. När du gjort det kan du påbörja en ny sammanslagning.\n"
+#: lib/option.tcl:148
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr "Lita på filändringstidsstämplar"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:55
-#, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
-"\n"
-"File %s is modified.\n"
-"\n"
-"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
-"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Du är mitt i en ändring.\n"
-"\n"
-"Filen %s har ändringar.\n"
-"\n"
-"Du bör fullborda den aktuella incheckningen innan du påbörjar en "
-"sammanslagning. Om du gör det blir det enklare att avbryta en misslyckad "
-"sammanslagning, om det skulle vara nödvändigt.\n"
+#: lib/option.tcl:149
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr "Städa spårade grenar vid hämtning"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:107
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "%s of %s"
-msgstr "%s av %s"
+#: lib/option.tcl:150
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr "Matcha spårade grenar"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:120
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
-msgstr "Slår ihop %s och %s..."
+#: lib/option.tcl:151
+msgid "Use Textconv For Diffs and Blames"
+msgstr "Använd Textconv för diff och klandring"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:131
-msgid "Merge completed successfully."
-msgstr "Sammanslagningen avslutades framgångsrikt."
+#: lib/option.tcl:152
+msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
+msgstr "Klandra kopiering bara i ändrade filer"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:133
-msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
-msgstr "Sammanslagningen misslyckades. Du måste lösa konflikterna."
+#: lib/option.tcl:153
+msgid "Maximum Length of Recent Repositories List"
+msgstr "Max längd för lista över tidigare arkiv"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:158
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Merge Into %s"
-msgstr "Slå ihop i %s"
+#: lib/option.tcl:154
+msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
+msgstr "Minsta antal tecken att klandra kopiering för"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:177
-msgid "Revision To Merge"
-msgstr "Revisioner att slå ihop"
+#: lib/option.tcl:155
+msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
+msgstr "Historikradie för klandring (dagar)"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:212
-msgid ""
-"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
-"\n"
-"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Kan inte avbryta vid utökning.\n"
-"\n"
-"Du måste göra dig färdig med att utöka incheckningen.\n"
+#: lib/option.tcl:156
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr "Antal rader sammanhang i differenser"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:222
-msgid ""
-"Abort merge?\n"
-"\n"
-"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
-"\n"
-"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
-msgstr ""
-"Avbryt sammanslagning?\n"
-"\n"
-"Om du avbryter sammanslagningen kommer *ALLA* ej incheckade ändringar att gå "
-"förlorade.\n"
-"\n"
-"GÃ¥ vidare med att avbryta den aktuella sammanslagningen?"
+#: lib/option.tcl:157
+msgid "Additional Diff Parameters"
+msgstr "Ytterligare diff-parametrar"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:228
-msgid ""
-"Reset changes?\n"
-"\n"
-"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
-"\n"
-"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
-msgstr ""
-"Återställ ändringar?\n"
-"\n"
-"Om du återställer ändringarna kommer *ALLA* ej incheckade ändringar att gå "
-"förlorade.\n"
-"\n"
-"Gå vidare med att återställa de aktuella ändringarna?"
+#: lib/option.tcl:158
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr "Textbredd för incheckningsmeddelande"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:239
-msgid "Aborting"
-msgstr "Avbryter"
+#: lib/option.tcl:159
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr "Mall för namn på nya grenar"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:239
-msgid "files reset"
-msgstr "filer återställda"
+#: lib/option.tcl:160
+msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
+msgstr "Standardteckenkodning för filinnehåll"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:267
-msgid "Abort failed."
-msgstr "Misslyckades avbryta."
+#: lib/option.tcl:161
+msgid "Warn before committing to a detached head"
+msgstr "Varna för incheckning på frånkopplat huvud"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:269
-msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
-msgstr "Avbrytning fullbordad. Redo."
+#: lib/option.tcl:162
+msgid "Staging of untracked files"
+msgstr "Köa ospårade filer"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:163
+msgid "Show untracked files"
+msgstr "Visa ospårade filer"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:164
+msgid "Tab spacing"
+msgstr "Blanksteg för tabulatortecken"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:210
+msgid "Change"
+msgstr "Ändra"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:254
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr "Stavningsordlista:"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:284
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr "Byt teckensnitt"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:288
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr "Välj %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:294
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr "p."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:308
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "Inställningar"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:345
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr "Misslyckades med att helt spara alternativ:"
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
 msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
@@ -1952,21 +1566,21 @@ msgstr "Kan inte lösa borttagnings- eller länkkonflikter med ett verktyg"
 msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
 msgstr "Konfliktfil existerar inte"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:264
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:246
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
 msgstr "Inte ett grafiskt verktyg för sammanslagning: %s"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:268
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:275
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
 msgstr "Verktyget \"%s\" för sammanslagning stöds inte"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:303
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:310
 msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
 msgstr "Verktyget för sammanslagning körs redan. Vill du avsluta det?"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:323
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:330
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Error retrieving versions:\n"
@@ -1975,7 +1589,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Fel vid hämtning av versioner:\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:343
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:350
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not start the merge tool:\n"
@@ -1986,213 +1600,158 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:347
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:354
 msgid "Running merge tool..."
 msgstr "Kör verktyg för sammanslagning..."
 
-#: lib/mergetool.tcl:375 lib/mergetool.tcl:383
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:382 lib/mergetool.tcl:390
 msgid "Merge tool failed."
 msgstr "Verktyget för sammanslagning misslyckades."
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:11
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
-msgstr "Den globala teckenkodningen \"%s\" är ogiltig"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:19
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
-msgstr "Arkivets teckenkodning \"%s\" är ogiltig"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:119
-msgid "Restore Defaults"
-msgstr "Återställ standardvärden"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:123
-msgid "Save"
-msgstr "Spara"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:133
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "%s Repository"
-msgstr "Arkivet %s"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:134
-msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
-msgstr "Globalt (alla arkiv)"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:140
-msgid "User Name"
-msgstr "Användarnamn"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:141
-msgid "Email Address"
-msgstr "E-postadress"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:143
-msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
-msgstr "Summera sammanslagningsincheckningar"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+msgid "Add Tool"
+msgstr "Lägg till verktyg"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:144
-msgid "Merge Verbosity"
-msgstr "Pratsamhet för sammanslagningar"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr "Lägg till nytt verktygskommando"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:145
-msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
-msgstr "Visa diffstatistik efter sammanslagning"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:34
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr "Lägg till globalt"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:146
-msgid "Use Merge Tool"
-msgstr "Använd verktyg för sammanslagning"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:46
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr "Detaljer för verktyg"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:148
-msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
-msgstr "Lita på filändringstidsstämplar"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:49
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr "Använd \"/\"-avdelare för att skapa ett undermenyträd:"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:149
-msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
-msgstr "Städa spårade grenar vid hämtning"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:60
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Kommando:"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:150
-msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
-msgstr "Matcha spårade grenar"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:71
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr "Visa dialog innan programmet startas"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:151
-msgid "Use Textconv For Diffs and Blames"
-msgstr "Använd Textconv för diff och klandring"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:77
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr "Be användaren välja en version (sätter $REVISION)"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:152
-msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
-msgstr "Klandra kopiering bara i ändrade filer"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:82
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr "Be användaren om ytterligare parametrar (sätter $ARGS)"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:153
-msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
-msgstr "Minsta antal tecken att klandra kopiering för"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:89
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr "Visa inte kommandots utdatafönster"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:154
-msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
-msgstr "Historikradie för klandring (dagar)"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:94
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr "Kör endast om en diff har markerats ($FILENAME är inte tomt)"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:155
-msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
-msgstr "Antal rader sammanhang i differenser"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:118
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr "Ange ett namn för verktyget."
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:156
-msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
-msgstr "Textbredd för incheckningsmeddelande"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:126
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Verktyget \"%s\" finns redan."
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:157
-msgid "New Branch Name Template"
-msgstr "Mall för namn på nya grenar"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:148
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte lägga till verktyget:\n"
+"%s"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:158
-msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
-msgstr "Standardteckenkodning för filinnehåll"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:187
+msgid "Remove Tool"
+msgstr "Ta bort verktyg"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:204
-msgid "Change"
-msgstr "Ändra"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:193
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr "Ta bort verktygskommandon"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:231
-msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
-msgstr "Stavningsordlista:"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:198
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr "Ta bort"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:261
-msgid "Change Font"
-msgstr "Byt teckensnitt"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:231
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr "(Blått anger verktyg lokala för arkivet)"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:265
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:292
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Choose %s"
-msgstr "Välj %s"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:271
-msgid "pt."
-msgstr "p."
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:285
-msgid "Preferences"
-msgstr "Inställningar"
-
-#: lib/option.tcl:322
-msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
-msgstr "Misslyckades med att helt spara alternativ:"
-
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:20
-msgid "Add Remote"
-msgstr "Lägg till fjärrarkiv"
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr "Kör kommandot: %s"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:25
-msgid "Add New Remote"
-msgstr "Lägg till nytt fjärrarkiv"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:306
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr "Argument"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:30 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:37
-msgid "Add"
-msgstr "Lägg till"
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:341
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "OK"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:39
-msgid "Remote Details"
-msgstr "Detaljer för fjärrarkiv"
+#: lib/search.tcl:48
+msgid "Find:"
+msgstr "Sök:"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
-msgid "Location:"
-msgstr "Plats:"
+#: lib/search.tcl:50
+msgid "Next"
+msgstr "Nästa"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:60
-msgid "Further Action"
-msgstr "Ytterligare åtgärd"
+#: lib/search.tcl:51
+msgid "Prev"
+msgstr "Föreg"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:63
-msgid "Fetch Immediately"
-msgstr "Hämta omedelbart"
+#: lib/search.tcl:52
+msgid "RegExp"
+msgstr "Reg.uttr."
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:69
-msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
-msgstr "Initiera fjärrarkiv och sänd till"
+#: lib/search.tcl:54
+msgid "Case"
+msgstr "Skiftläge"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:75
-msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
-msgstr "Gör ingent mer nu"
-
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:100
-msgid "Please supply a remote name."
-msgstr "Ange ett namn för fjärrarkivet."
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:15 lib/branch_rename.tcl:23
+msgid "Rename Branch"
+msgstr "Byt namn på gren"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:113
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
-msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas som namn på fjärrarkivet."
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:28
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr "Byt namn"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:124
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
-msgstr "Kunde inte lägga till fjärrarkivet \"%s\" på platsen \"%s\"."
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:38
+msgid "Branch:"
+msgstr "Gren:"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:132 lib/transport.tcl:6
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "fetch %s"
-msgstr "hämta %s"
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:46
+msgid "New Name:"
+msgstr "Nytt namn:"
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Fetching the %s"
-msgstr "Hämtar %s"
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:81
+msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
+msgstr "Välj en gren att byta namn på."
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:156
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
-msgstr "Vet inte hur arkivet på platsen \"%s\" skall initieras."
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:92 lib/branch_create.tcl:154
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr "Ange ett namn för grenen."
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:162 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
-#: lib/transport.tcl:81
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:112 lib/branch_create.tcl:165
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "push %s"
-msgstr "sänd %s"
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas som namn på grenen."
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:123
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
-msgstr "Konfigurerar %s (på %s)"
+msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
+msgstr "Kunde inte byta namn på \"%s\"."
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
 msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
@@ -2202,14 +1761,6 @@ msgstr "Ta bort gren från fjärrarkiv"
 msgid "From Repository"
 msgstr "Från arkiv"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:51 lib/transport.tcl:134
-msgid "Remote:"
-msgstr "Fjärrarkiv:"
-
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:72 lib/transport.tcl:154
-msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
-msgstr "Godtycklig plats:"
-
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:88
 msgid "Branches"
 msgstr "Grenar"
@@ -2222,6 +1773,10 @@ msgstr "Ta endast bort om"
 msgid "Merged Into:"
 msgstr "Sammanslagen i:"
 
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:120 lib/branch_delete.tcl:53
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr "Alltid (utför inte sammanslagningstest)"
+
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:153
 msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
 msgstr "En gren krävs för \"Sammanslagen i\"."
@@ -2250,96 +1805,381 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
 msgstr "Välj en eller flera grenar att ta bort."
 
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:218 lib/branch_delete.tcl:115
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"Det kan vara svårt att återställa borttagna grenar.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ta bort de valda grenarna?"
+
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:227
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
 msgstr "Tar bort grenar från %s"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:293
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:300
 msgid "No repository selected."
 msgstr "Inget arkiv markerat."
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:298
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:305
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Scanning %s..."
 msgstr "Söker %s..."
 
-#: lib/remote.tcl:163
-msgid "Remove Remote"
-msgstr "Ta bort fjärrarkiv"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:33
+msgid "Git Gui"
+msgstr "Git Gui"
 
-#: lib/remote.tcl:168
-msgid "Prune from"
-msgstr "Ta bort från"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:92 lib/choose_repository.tcl:412
+msgid "Create New Repository"
+msgstr "Skapa nytt arkiv"
 
-#: lib/remote.tcl:173
-msgid "Fetch from"
-msgstr "Hämta från"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:98
+msgid "New..."
+msgstr "Nytt..."
 
-#: lib/remote.tcl:215
-msgid "Push to"
-msgstr "Sänd till"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:105 lib/choose_repository.tcl:496
+msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Klona befintligt arkiv"
 
-#: lib/search.tcl:22
-msgid "Find:"
-msgstr "Sök:"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:116
+msgid "Clone..."
+msgstr "Klona..."
 
-#: lib/search.tcl:24
-msgid "Next"
-msgstr "Nästa"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:123 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1064
+msgid "Open Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Öppna befintligt arkiv"
 
-#: lib/search.tcl:25
-msgid "Prev"
-msgstr "Föreg"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:129
+msgid "Open..."
+msgstr "Öppna..."
 
-#: lib/search.tcl:26
-msgid "Case-Sensitive"
-msgstr "Skilj på VERSALER/gemener"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:142
+msgid "Recent Repositories"
+msgstr "Senaste arkiven"
 
-#: lib/shortcut.tcl:21 lib/shortcut.tcl:62
-msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
-msgstr "Kan inte skriva genväg:"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:148
+msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
+msgstr "Öppna tidigare arkiv:"
 
-#: lib/shortcut.tcl:137
-msgid "Cannot write icon:"
-msgstr "Kan inte skriva ikon:"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:316 lib/choose_repository.tcl:323
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:330
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
+msgstr "Kunde inte skapa arkivet %s:"
 
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
-msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
-msgstr "Stavningskontrollprogrammet stöds inte"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:407 lib/branch_create.tcl:33
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Skapa"
 
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
-msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
-msgstr "Stavningskontroll är ej tillgänglig"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:417
+msgid "Directory:"
+msgstr "Katalog:"
 
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
-msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
-msgstr "Ogiltig inställning för stavningskontroll"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:447 lib/choose_repository.tcl:573
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1098
+msgid "Git Repository"
+msgstr "Gitarkiv"
 
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:472
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
-msgstr "Återställer ordlistan till %s."
+msgid "Directory %s already exists."
+msgstr "Katalogen %s finns redan."
 
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
-msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
-msgstr "Stavningskontroll misslyckades tyst vid start"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:476
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s already exists."
+msgstr "Filen %s finns redan."
 
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
-msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
-msgstr "Stavningskontrollprogrammet känns inte igen"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:491
+msgid "Clone"
+msgstr "Klona"
 
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
-msgid "No Suggestions"
-msgstr "Inga förslag"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:504
+msgid "Source Location:"
+msgstr "Plats för källkod:"
 
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:388
-msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
-msgstr "Oväntat filslut från stavningskontroll"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:513
+msgid "Target Directory:"
+msgstr "MÃ¥lkatalog:"
 
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
-msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
-msgstr "Stavningskontroll misslyckades"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:523
+msgid "Clone Type:"
+msgstr "Typ av klon:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:528
+msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
+msgstr "Standard (snabb, semiredundant, hårda länkar)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:533
+msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
+msgstr "Full kopia (långsammare, redundant säkerhetskopia)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:538
+msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
+msgstr "Delad (snabbast, rekommenderas ej, ingen säkerhetskopia)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:545
+msgid "Recursively clone submodules too"
+msgstr "Klona även rekursivt undermoduler"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:579 lib/choose_repository.tcl:626
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:772 lib/choose_repository.tcl:842
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1104 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1112
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
+msgstr "Inte ett Gitarkiv: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:615
+msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Standard är endast tillgängligt för lokala arkiv."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:619
+msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Delat är endast tillgängligt för lokala arkiv."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:640
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Location %s already exists."
+msgstr "Platsen %s finns redan."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:651
+msgid "Failed to configure origin"
+msgstr "Kunde inte konfigurera ursprung"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:663
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "Räknar objekt"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:664
+msgid "buckets"
+msgstr "hinkar"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:688
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte kopiera objekt/info/alternativ: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:724
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
+msgstr "Ingenting att klona från %s."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:726 lib/choose_repository.tcl:940
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:952
+msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
+msgstr "Grenen \"master\" har inte initierats."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:739
+msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
+msgstr "Hårda länkar är inte tillgängliga. Faller tillbaka på kopiering."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:751
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cloning from %s"
+msgstr "Klonar från %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:782
+msgid "Copying objects"
+msgstr "Kopierar objekt"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:783
+msgid "KiB"
+msgstr "KiB"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:807
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte kopiera objekt: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:817
+msgid "Linking objects"
+msgstr "Länkar objekt"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:818
+msgid "objects"
+msgstr "objekt"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:826
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte hårdlänka objekt: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:881
+msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "Kunde inte hämta grenar och objekt. Se konsolutdata för detaljer."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:892
+msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "Kunde inte hämta taggar. Se konsolutdata för detaljer."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:916
+msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "Kunde inte avgöra HEAD. Se konsolutdata för detaljer."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:925
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte städa upp %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:931
+msgid "Clone failed."
+msgstr "Kloning misslyckades."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:938
+msgid "No default branch obtained."
+msgstr "Hämtade ingen standardgren."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:949
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
+msgstr "Kunde inte slå upp %s till någon incheckning."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:961
+msgid "Creating working directory"
+msgstr "Skapar arbetskatalog"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:962 lib/index.tcl:70 lib/index.tcl:136
+#: lib/index.tcl:207
+msgid "files"
+msgstr "filer"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:981
+msgid "Cannot clone submodules."
+msgstr "Kan inte klona undermoduler."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:990
+msgid "Cloning submodules"
+msgstr "Klonar undermoduler"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1015
+msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
+msgstr "Inledande filutcheckning misslyckades."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1059
+msgid "Open"
+msgstr "Öppna"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1069
+msgid "Repository:"
+msgstr "Arkiv:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1118
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
+msgstr "Kunde inte öppna arkivet %s:"
+
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr "git-gui - ett grafiskt användargränssnitt för Git."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:73
+msgid "File Viewer"
+msgstr "Filvisare"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:79
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr "Incheckning:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:280
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr "Kopiera incheckning"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr "Sök text..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:288
+msgid "Goto Line..."
+msgstr "GÃ¥ till rad..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:297
+msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
+msgstr "Gör full kopieringsigenkänning"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:301
+msgid "Show History Context"
+msgstr "Visa historiksammanhang"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:304
+msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
+msgstr "Klandra föräldraincheckning"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:466
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr "Läser %s..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:594
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr "Läser annoteringar för kopiering/flyttning..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:614
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr "rader annoterade"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:806
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr "Läser in annotering av originalplacering..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:809
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr "Annotering fullbordad."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:839
+msgid "Busy"
+msgstr "Upptagen"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:840
+msgid "Annotation process is already running."
+msgstr "Annoteringsprocess körs redan."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:879
+msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
+msgstr "Kör grundlig kopieringsigenkänning..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:947
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr "Läser in annotering..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1000
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "Författare:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1004
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Incheckare:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1009
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr "Ursprunglig fil:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1057
+msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
+msgstr "Hittar inte incheckning för HEAD:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1112
+msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
+msgstr "Hittar inte föräldraincheckning:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1127
+msgid "Unable to display parent"
+msgstr "Kan inte visa förälder"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1269
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr "Ursprungligen av:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1275
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr "I filen:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1280
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr "Kopierad eller flyttad hit av:"
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
 msgid "No keys found."
@@ -2390,189 +2230,480 @@ msgstr "Lyckades skapa nyckeln, men hittar inte någon nyckel."
 msgid "Your key is in: %s"
 msgstr "Din nyckel finns i: %s"
 
-#: lib/status_bar.tcl:86
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:23
+msgid "Create Branch"
+msgstr "Skapa gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:28
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr "Skapa ny gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:42
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr "Namn på gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:57
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr "Använd namn på spårad gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr "Inledande revision"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr "Uppdatera befintlig gren:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+msgid "No"
+msgstr "Nej"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr "Endast snabbspolning"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr "Checka ut när skapad"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:132
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr "Välj en gren att spåra."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:141
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
-msgstr "%s... %*i av %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr "Den spårade grenen %s är inte en gren i fjärrarkivet."
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
-msgid "Add Tool"
-msgstr "Lägg till verktyg"
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:21 lib/shortcut.tcl:62
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr "Kan inte skriva genväg:"
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
-msgid "Add New Tool Command"
-msgstr "Lägg till nytt verktygskommando"
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:137
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr "Kan inte skriva ikon:"
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:34
-msgid "Add globally"
-msgstr "Lägg till globalt"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:52
+msgid "This Detached Checkout"
+msgstr "Denna frånkopplade utcheckning"
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:46
-msgid "Tool Details"
-msgstr "Detaljer för verktyg"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
+msgid "Revision Expression:"
+msgstr "Revisionsuttryck:"
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:49
-msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
-msgstr "Använd \"/\"-avdelare för att skapa ett undermenyträd:"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:72
+msgid "Local Branch"
+msgstr "Lokal gren"
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:60
-msgid "Command:"
-msgstr "Kommando:"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:77
+msgid "Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Spårande gren"
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:71
-msgid "Show a dialog before running"
-msgstr "Visa dialog innan programmet startas"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:82 lib/choose_rev.tcl:544
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Tagg"
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:77
-msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
-msgstr "Be användaren välja en version (sätter $REVISION)"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:321
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
+msgstr "Ogiltig revision: %s"
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:82
-msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
-msgstr "Be användaren om ytterligare parametrar (sätter $ARGS)"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:342
+msgid "No revision selected."
+msgstr "Ingen revision vald."
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:89
-msgid "Don't show the command output window"
-msgstr "Visa inte kommandots utdatafönster"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:350
+msgid "Revision expression is empty."
+msgstr "Revisionsuttrycket är tomt."
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:94
-msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
-msgstr "Kör endast om en diff har markerats ($FILENAME är inte tomt)"
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:537
+msgid "Updated"
+msgstr "Uppdaterad"
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:118
-msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
-msgstr "Ange ett namn för verktyget."
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:565
+msgid "URL"
+msgstr "Webbadress"
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:126
+#: lib/commit.tcl:9
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing to amend.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
+"to amend.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Det finns ingenting att utöka.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du håller på att skapa den inledande incheckningen. Det finns ingen tidigare "
+"incheckning att utöka.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+msgid ""
+"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
+"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
+"current merge activity.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kan inte utöka vid sammanslagning.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du är i mitten av en sammanslagning som inte är fullbordad. Du kan inte "
+"utöka tidigare incheckningar om du inte först avbryter den pågående "
+"sammanslagningen.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:48
+msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
+msgstr "Fel vid inläsning av incheckningsdata för utökning:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:75
+msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
+msgstr "Kunde inte hämta din identitet:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:80
+msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "Felaktig GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:129
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
-msgstr "Verktyget \"%s\" finns redan."
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr "varning: Tcl stöder inte teckenkodningen \"%s\"."
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:148
+#: lib/commit.tcl:149
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Det senaste inlästa tillståndet motsvarar inte tillståndet i arkivet.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ett annat Git-program har ändrat arkivet sedan senaste avsökningen. Du måste "
+"utföra en ny sökning innan du kan göra en ny incheckning.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sökningen kommer att startas automatiskt nu.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:173
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
-"Could not add tool:\n"
-"%s"
+"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
+"before committing.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Kunde inte lägga till verktyget:\n"
-"%s"
+"Osammanslagna filer kan inte checkas in.\n"
+"\n"
+"Filen %s har sammanslagningskonflikter. Du måste lösa dem och köa filen "
+"innan du checkar in den.\n"
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:187
-msgid "Remove Tool"
-msgstr "Ta bort verktyg"
+#: lib/commit.tcl:181
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Okänd filstatus %s upptäckt.\n"
+"\n"
+"Filen %s kan inte checkas in av programmet.\n"
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:193
-msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
-msgstr "Ta bort verktygskommandon"
+#: lib/commit.tcl:189
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Inga ändringar att checka in.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du måste köa åtminstone en fil innan du kan checka in.\n"
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:198
-msgid "Remove"
-msgstr "Ta bort"
+#: lib/commit.tcl:204
+msgid ""
+"Please supply a commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
+"- Second line: Blank\n"
+"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ange ett incheckningsmeddelande.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ett bra incheckningsmeddelande har följande format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- Första raden: Beskriv i en mening vad du gjorde.\n"
+"- Andra raden: Tom\n"
+"- Följande rader: Beskriv varför det här är en bra ändring.\n"
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:231
-msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
-msgstr "(Blått anger verktyg lokala för arkivet)"
+#: lib/commit.tcl:235
+msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
+msgstr "Anropar kroken före incheckning (pre-commit)..."
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:292
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Run Command: %s"
-msgstr "Kör kommandot: %s"
+#: lib/commit.tcl:250
+msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
+msgstr "Incheckningen avvisades av kroken före incheckning (pre-commit)."
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:306
-msgid "Arguments"
-msgstr "Argument"
+#: lib/commit.tcl:269
+msgid ""
+"You are about to commit on a detached head. This is a potentially dangerous "
+"thing to do because if you switch to another branch you will lose your "
+"changes and it can be difficult to retrieve them later from the reflog. You "
+"should probably cancel this commit and create a new branch to continue.\n"
+" \n"
+" Do you really want to proceed with your Commit?"
+msgstr ""
+"Du är på väg att checka in på ett frånkopplat huvud. Det kan potentiellt "
+"vara farligt, eftersom du kommer förlora dina ändringar om du växlar till en "
+"annan gren och det kan vara svårt att hämta dem senare från ref-loggen. Du "
+"bör troligen avbryta incheckningen och skapa en ny gren för att fortsätta.\n"
+" \n"
+" Vill du verkligen fortsätta checka in?"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:290
+msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "Anropar kroken för incheckningsmeddelande (commit-msg)..."
 
-#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:341
-msgid "OK"
-msgstr "OK"
+#: lib/commit.tcl:305
+msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "Incheckning avvisad av kroken för incheckningsmeddelande (commit-msg)."
 
-#: lib/tools.tcl:75
+#: lib/commit.tcl:318
+msgid "Committing changes..."
+msgstr "Checkar in ändringar..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:334
+msgid "write-tree failed:"
+msgstr "write-tree misslyckades:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:335 lib/commit.tcl:379 lib/commit.tcl:400
+msgid "Commit failed."
+msgstr "Incheckningen misslyckades."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:352
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
-msgstr "För att starta %s måste du välja en fil."
+msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
+msgstr "Incheckningen %s verkar vara trasig"
 
-#: lib/tools.tcl:90
+#: lib/commit.tcl:357
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Inga ändringar att checka in.\n"
+"\n"
+"Inga filer ändrades av incheckningen och det var inte en sammanslagning.\n"
+"\n"
+"En sökning kommer att startas automatiskt nu.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:364
+msgid "No changes to commit."
+msgstr "Inga ändringar att checka in."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:378
+msgid "commit-tree failed:"
+msgstr "commit-tree misslyckades:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:399
+msgid "update-ref failed:"
+msgstr "update-ref misslyckades:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:492
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
-msgstr "Är du säker på att du vill starta %s?"
+msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
+msgstr "Skapade incheckningen %s: %s"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:16
+msgid "Delete Branch"
+msgstr "Ta bort gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:21
+msgid "Delete Local Branch"
+msgstr "Ta bort lokal gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:39
+msgid "Local Branches"
+msgstr "Lokala grenar"
 
-#: lib/tools.tcl:110
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:51
+msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
+msgstr "Ta bara bort om sammanslagen med"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool: %s"
-msgstr "Verktyg: %s"
+msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
+msgstr "Följande grenar är inte till fullo sammanslagna med %s:"
 
-#: lib/tools.tcl:111
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Running: %s"
-msgstr "Exekverar: %s"
+msgid ""
+"Failed to delete branches:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte ta bort grenar:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:6
+msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
+msgstr "Kunde inte låsa upp indexet."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:17
+msgid "Index Error"
+msgstr "Indexfel"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:19
+msgid ""
+"Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
+"resynchronize git-gui."
+msgstr ""
+"Misslyckades med att uppdatera Gitindexet. En omsökning kommer att startas "
+"automatiskt för att synkronisera om git-gui."
 
-#: lib/tools.tcl:149
+#: lib/index.tcl:30
+msgid "Continue"
+msgstr "Fortsätt"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:33
+msgid "Unlock Index"
+msgstr "LÃ¥s upp index"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:298
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
-msgstr "Verktyget avslutades framgångsrikt: %s"
+msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
+msgstr "Tar bort %s för incheckningskön"
 
-#: lib/tools.tcl:151
+#: lib/index.tcl:337
+msgid "Ready to commit."
+msgstr "Redo att checka in."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:350
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool failed: %s"
-msgstr "Verktyget misslyckades: %s"
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "Lägger till %s"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#: lib/index.tcl:380
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
-msgstr "Hämtar nya ändringar från %s"
+msgid "Stage %d untracked files?"
+msgstr "Köa %d ospårade filer?"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#: lib/index.tcl:428
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "remote prune %s"
-msgstr "fjärrborttagning %s"
+msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
+msgstr "Återställ ändringarna i filen %s?"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#: lib/index.tcl:430
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
-msgstr "Tar bort spårande grenar som tagits bort från %s"
+msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
+msgstr "Återställ ändringarna i dessa %i filer?"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+#: lib/index.tcl:438
+msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
+msgstr ""
+"Alla oköade ändringar kommer permanent gå förlorade vid återställningen."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:441
+msgid "Do Nothing"
+msgstr "Gör ingenting"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:459
+msgid "Reverting selected files"
+msgstr "Återställer valda filer"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:463
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
-msgstr "Sänder ändringar till %s"
+msgid "Reverting %s"
+msgstr "Återställer %s"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:64
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
+msgid "Default"
+msgstr "Standard"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Mirroring to %s"
-msgstr "Speglar till %s"
+msgid "System (%s)"
+msgstr "Systemets (%s)"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:82
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Annan"
+
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
-msgstr "Sänder %s %s till %s"
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr "Ogiltigt datum från Git: %s"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:102
-msgid "Push Branches"
-msgstr "Sänd grenar"
+#: lib/database.tcl:42
+msgid "Number of loose objects"
+msgstr "Antal lösa objekt"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:117
-msgid "Source Branches"
-msgstr "Källgrenar"
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
+msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
+msgstr "Diskutrymme använt av lösa objekt"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:131
-msgid "Destination Repository"
-msgstr "Destinationsarkiv"
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
+msgid "Number of packed objects"
+msgstr "Antal packade objekt"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:172
-msgid "Transfer Options"
-msgstr "Överföringsalternativ"
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
+msgid "Number of packs"
+msgstr "Antal paket"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:174
-msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
-msgstr "Tvinga överskrivning av befintlig gren (kan kasta bort ändringar)"
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
+msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
+msgstr "Diskutrymme använt av packade objekt"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:178
-msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
-msgstr "Använd tunt paket (för långsamma nätverksanslutningar)"
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
+msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
+msgstr "Packade objekt som väntar på städning"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:182
-msgid "Include tags"
-msgstr "Ta med taggar"
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
+msgid "Garbage files"
+msgstr "Skräpfiler"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:72
+msgid "Compressing the object database"
+msgstr "Komprimerar objektdatabasen"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:83
+msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
+msgstr "Verifierar objektdatabasen med fsck-objects"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:107
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
+"\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
+"the database.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compress the database now?"
+msgstr ""
+"Arkivet har för närvarande omkring %i lösa objekt.\n"
+"\n"
+"För att bibehålla optimal prestanda rekommenderas det å det bestämdaste att "
+"du komprimerar databasen.\n"
+"\n"
+"Komprimera databasen nu?"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:116
+msgid "error"
+msgstr "fel"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+msgid "warning"
+msgstr "varning"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:96
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr "Du måste rätta till felen ovan innan du checkar in."
+
+#~ msgid "Displaying only %s of %s files."
+#~ msgstr "Visar endast %s av %s filer."
+
+#~ msgid "Case-Sensitive"
+#~ msgstr "Skilj på VERSALER/gemener"
 
 #~ msgid "Cannot use funny .git directory:"
 #~ msgstr "Kan inte använda underlig .git-katalog:"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/vi.po b/git-gui/po/vi.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d956b59a9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/vi.po
@@ -0,0 +1,2690 @@
+# Vietnamese translation for GIT-GUI
+# Bản dịch Tiếng Việt dành cho gói Git-gui.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git-core package.
+# First translated by Trần Ng�c Quân <vnwildman@gmail.com>, 2014.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git-gui 0.19.0\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-06-26 13:42+0700\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-06-27 07:48+0700\n"
+"Last-Translator: Trần Ng�c Quân <vnwildman@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Vietnamese <translation-team-vi@lists.sourceforge.net>\n"
+"Language: vi\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
+"X-Poedit-Language: Vietnamese\n"
+"X-Poedit-Country: VIET NAM\n"
+"X-Poedit-SourceCharset: utf-8\n"
+"X-Poedit-Basepath: ../\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:859
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
+msgstr "Phông chữ không hợp lệ được đặc tả trong %s:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:912
+msgid "Main Font"
+msgstr "Phông chữ chính"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:913
+msgid "Diff/Console Font"
+msgstr "Phông chữ cho Bảng đi�u khiển hay Diff"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:928 git-gui.sh:942 git-gui.sh:955 git-gui.sh:1045
+#: git-gui.sh:1064 git-gui.sh:3119
+msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
+msgstr "git-gui: lỗi nghiêm tr�ng"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:929
+msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
+msgstr "Không tìm thấy git trong biến PATH."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:956
+msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
+msgstr "Không thể phân tích chuỗi phiên bản Git:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:981
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Git version cannot be determined.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s claims it is version '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s requires at least Git 1.5.0 or later.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể nhận ra phiên bản của Git.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s nói đây là phiên bản '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s yêu cầu Git phiên bản từ 1.5.0 hay mới hơn.\n"
+"\n"
+"C�i '%s' có phiên bản là 1.5.0?\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1278
+msgid "Git directory not found:"
+msgstr "Không tìm thấy thư mục git:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1312
+msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
+msgstr "Không thể di chuyển đến đỉnh của thư mục làm việc:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1320
+msgid "Cannot use bare repository:"
+msgstr "Không thể dùng kho trần:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1328
+msgid "No working directory"
+msgstr "Không có thư mục làm việc"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1500 lib/checkout_op.tcl:306
+msgid "Refreshing file status..."
+msgstr "Cập nhật lại trạng thái tập tin..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1560
+msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
+msgstr "�ang quét đĩa tìm tập tin thay đổi..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1636
+msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "�ang g�i móc prepare-commit-msg..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1653
+msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "Lần chuyển giao bị chối từ do móc prepare-commit-msg."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1811 lib/browser.tcl:252
+msgid "Ready."
+msgstr "Sẵn sàng."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1969
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Displaying only %s of %s files."
+msgstr "Chỉ hiển thị %s trong số %s tập tin."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2095
+msgid "Unmodified"
+msgstr "Không thay đổi gì"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2097
+msgid "Modified, not staged"
+msgstr "�ã sửa nhưng chưa đánh dấu để chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2098 git-gui.sh:2110
+msgid "Staged for commit"
+msgstr "�ánh dấu để chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2099 git-gui.sh:2111
+msgid "Portions staged for commit"
+msgstr "Các phần được đánh dấu là cần chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2100 git-gui.sh:2112
+msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
+msgstr "�ã đánh dấu là cần chuyển giao, thiếu"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2102
+msgid "File type changed, not staged"
+msgstr "�ã đổi kiểu tập tin nhưng chưa được đánh dấu cần chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2103 git-gui.sh:2104
+msgid "File type changed, old type staged for commit"
+msgstr "�ã đổi kiểu tập tin, kiểu cũ đã được đánh dấu cần chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2105
+msgid "File type changed, staged"
+msgstr "�ã đổi kiểu tập tin, đã được đánh dấu cần chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2106
+msgid "File type change staged, modification not staged"
+msgstr ""
+"Thay đổi kiểu tập tin đã được đánh dấu cần chuyển giao, nhưng các thay đổi "
+"thì chưa"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2107
+msgid "File type change staged, file missing"
+msgstr ""
+"Thay đổi kiểu tập tin đã được đánh dấu cần chuyển giao, tập tin bị thiếu"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2109
+msgid "Untracked, not staged"
+msgstr "Chưa được theo dõi, chưa đánh dấu là cần chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2114
+msgid "Missing"
+msgstr "Thiếu"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2115
+msgid "Staged for removal"
+msgstr "�ã đánh dấu là cần gỡ b�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2116
+msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
+msgstr "�ã đánh dấu là cần gỡ b�, nhưng vẫn hiện diện"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2118 git-gui.sh:2119 git-gui.sh:2120 git-gui.sh:2121
+#: git-gui.sh:2122 git-gui.sh:2123
+msgid "Requires merge resolution"
+msgstr "Các yêu cầu phân giải hòa trộn"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2158
+msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
+msgstr "�ang khởi động gitk... vui lòng ch�..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2170
+msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
+msgstr "Không thể tìm thấy gitk trong PATH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2229
+msgid "Couldn't find git gui in PATH"
+msgstr "Không thể tìm thấy git gui trong PATH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2648 lib/choose_repository.tcl:40
+msgid "Repository"
+msgstr "Kho"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2649
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Chỉnh sửa"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2651 lib/choose_rev.tcl:567
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Nhánh"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2654 lib/choose_rev.tcl:554
+msgid "Commit@@noun"
+msgstr "Chuyển giao@@noun"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2657 lib/merge.tcl:123 lib/merge.tcl:152 lib/merge.tcl:170
+msgid "Merge"
+msgstr "Trá»™n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2658 lib/choose_rev.tcl:563
+msgid "Remote"
+msgstr "Máy chủ"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2661
+msgid "Tools"
+msgstr "Công cụ"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2670
+msgid "Explore Working Copy"
+msgstr "Quét dò thư mục làm việc"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2676
+msgid "Git Bash"
+msgstr "Git Bash"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2686
+msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
+msgstr "Duyệt các Tập tin ở nhánh hiện nay"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2690
+msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
+msgstr "Duyệt các tập tin nhánh..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2695
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
+msgstr "Hiển thị trực quan lịch sử nhánh hiện nay"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2699
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
+msgstr "Hiển thị trực quan lịch sử m�i nhánh"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2706
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Browse %s's Files"
+msgstr "Duyệt tập tin của %s..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2708
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Visualize %s's History"
+msgstr "Duyệt lịch sử của %s trực quan"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2713 lib/database.tcl:40 lib/database.tcl:66
+msgid "Database Statistics"
+msgstr "Thống kê cơ sở dữ liệu"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2716 lib/database.tcl:33
+msgid "Compress Database"
+msgstr "Nén cơ sở dữ liệu"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2719
+msgid "Verify Database"
+msgstr "Thẩm tra cơ sở dữ liệu"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2726 git-gui.sh:2730 git-gui.sh:2734 lib/shortcut.tcl:8
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:40 lib/shortcut.tcl:72
+msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
+msgstr "Tạo lối tắt ở màn hình n�n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2742 lib/choose_repository.tcl:192 lib/choose_repository.tcl:200
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Thoát"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2750
+msgid "Undo"
+msgstr "Hủy lệnh vừa rồi"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2753
+msgid "Redo"
+msgstr "Làm lại"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2757 git-gui.sh:3362
+msgid "Cut"
+msgstr "Cắt"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2760 git-gui.sh:3365 git-gui.sh:3439 git-gui.sh:3524
+#: lib/console.tcl:69
+msgid "Copy"
+msgstr "Chép"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2763 git-gui.sh:3368
+msgid "Paste"
+msgstr "Dán"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2766 git-gui.sh:3371 lib/branch_delete.tcl:28
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:39
+msgid "Delete"
+msgstr "Xóa b�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2770 git-gui.sh:3375 git-gui.sh:3528 lib/console.tcl:71
+msgid "Select All"
+msgstr "Ch�n tất cả"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2779
+msgid "Create..."
+msgstr "Tạo..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2785
+msgid "Checkout..."
+msgstr "Lấy ra..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2791
+msgid "Rename..."
+msgstr "�ổi tên..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2796
+msgid "Delete..."
+msgstr "Xóa..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2801
+msgid "Reset..."
+msgstr "�ặt lại.."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2811
+msgid "Done"
+msgstr "Xong"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2813
+msgid "Commit@@verb"
+msgstr "Chuyển giao@@verb"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2822 git-gui.sh:3303
+msgid "New Commit"
+msgstr "Lần chuyển giao mới"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2830 git-gui.sh:3310
+msgid "Amend Last Commit"
+msgstr "Tu bổ lần chuyển giao cuối"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2840 git-gui.sh:3264 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:101
+msgid "Rescan"
+msgstr "Quét lại"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2846
+msgid "Stage To Commit"
+msgstr "�ưa lên bệ phóng để chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2852
+msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
+msgstr "�ánh dấu các tập tin đã thay đổi cần chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2858
+msgid "Unstage From Commit"
+msgstr "�ưa ra kh�i bệ phóng để không chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2864 lib/index.tcl:442
+msgid "Revert Changes"
+msgstr "Hoàn nguyên các thay đổi"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2872 git-gui.sh:3575 git-gui.sh:3606
+msgid "Show Less Context"
+msgstr "Hiện ít nội dung hơn"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2876 git-gui.sh:3579 git-gui.sh:3610
+msgid "Show More Context"
+msgstr "Hiện chi tiết hơn"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2883 git-gui.sh:3277 git-gui.sh:3386
+msgid "Sign Off"
+msgstr "Ký tên"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2899
+msgid "Local Merge..."
+msgstr "Trá»™n ná»™i bá»™..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2904
+msgid "Abort Merge..."
+msgstr "Hủy b� hòa trộn..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2916 git-gui.sh:2944
+msgid "Add..."
+msgstr "Thêm..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2920
+msgid "Push..."
+msgstr "�ẩy lên..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2924
+msgid "Delete Branch..."
+msgstr "Xoá nhánh..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2934 git-gui.sh:3557
+msgid "Options..."
+msgstr "Tùy ch�n..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2945
+msgid "Remove..."
+msgstr "Gỡ b�..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2954 lib/choose_repository.tcl:54
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Trợ giúp"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2958 git-gui.sh:2962 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:48 lib/choose_repository.tcl:57
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "About %s"
+msgstr "Giới thiệu v� %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2986
+msgid "Online Documentation"
+msgstr "��c tài liệu trực tuyến"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2989 lib/choose_repository.tcl:51 lib/choose_repository.tcl:60
+msgid "Show SSH Key"
+msgstr "Hiện khoá SSH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3008 git-gui.sh:3140
+msgid "Usage"
+msgstr "Cách dùng"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3089 lib/blame.tcl:573
+msgid "Error"
+msgstr "Lá»—i"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3120
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
+msgstr ""
+"lỗi nghiêm tr�ng: không thể lấy thông tin v� đư�ng dẫn %s: Không có tập tin "
+"hoặc thư mục như vậy"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3153
+msgid "Current Branch:"
+msgstr "Nhánh hiện hành:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3179
+msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
+msgstr "�ánh dấu các thay đổi (Sẽ chuyển giao)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3199
+msgid "Unstaged Changes"
+msgstr "B� ra kh�i bệ phóng các thay đổi"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3270
+msgid "Stage Changed"
+msgstr "�ặt lên bệ phóng các thay đổi"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3289 lib/transport.tcl:137 lib/transport.tcl:229
+msgid "Push"
+msgstr "�ẩy lên"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3324
+msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Phần chú thích cho lần chuyển giao khởi tạo:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3325
+msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Phần chú giải cho lần chuyển giao tu bổ:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3326
+msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Phần chú giải cho lần chuyển giao tu bổ lần khởi tạo:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3327
+msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Phần chú giải cho lần chuyển giao tu bổ lần hòa trộn"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3328
+msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Ghi chú của lần chuyển giao hòa trộn:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3329
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Chú thích của lần chuyển giao:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3378 git-gui.sh:3532 lib/console.tcl:73
+msgid "Copy All"
+msgstr "Chép tất cả"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3402 lib/blame.tcl:105
+msgid "File:"
+msgstr "Tập tin:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3520
+msgid "Refresh"
+msgstr "Làm tươi lại"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3541
+msgid "Decrease Font Size"
+msgstr "Giảm kích cỡ phông"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3545
+msgid "Increase Font Size"
+msgstr "Tăng kích cỡ phông"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3553 lib/blame.tcl:294
+msgid "Encoding"
+msgstr "Bảng mã"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3564
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
+msgstr "�p dụng hay đảo ngược cả khối"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3569
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
+msgstr "�p dụng hay đảo ngược dòng"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3588
+msgid "Run Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Chạy công cụ hòa trộn"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3593
+msgid "Use Remote Version"
+msgstr "Dùng phiên bản ở máy chủ"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3597
+msgid "Use Local Version"
+msgstr "Dùng phiên bản ở máy nội bộ"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3601
+msgid "Revert To Base"
+msgstr "Trở lại cơ bản"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3619
+msgid "Visualize These Changes In The Submodule"
+msgstr "Hiển thị trực quan các thay đổi trong mô-đun con"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3623
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch History In The Submodule"
+msgstr "Hiển thị trực quan lịch sử nhánh hiện tại trong mô-đun con"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3627
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History In The Submodule"
+msgstr "Hiển thị trực quan lịch sử m�i nhánh trong mô-đun con"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3632
+msgid "Start git gui In The Submodule"
+msgstr "Khởi chạy git gui trong mô-đun-con"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3667
+msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
+msgstr "B� đánh dấu đoạn cần chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3669
+msgid "Unstage Lines From Commit"
+msgstr "B� đánh dấu các dòng cần chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3671
+msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
+msgstr "B� đánh dấu dòng cần chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3674
+msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
+msgstr "�ánh dấu đoạn cần chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3676
+msgid "Stage Lines For Commit"
+msgstr "�ánh dấu các dòng cần chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3678
+msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
+msgstr "�ánh dấu dòng cần chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3703
+msgid "Initializing..."
+msgstr "�ang khởi tạo..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3846
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Possible environment issues exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"The following environment variables are probably\n"
+"going to be ignored by any Git subprocess run\n"
+"by %s:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Gần như chắc chắn là môi trư�ng tồn tại.\n"
+"\n"
+"Các biến môi trư�ng sau đây có lẽ sẽ bị b� qua bởi các tiến trình con git\n"
+"chạy bởi %s:\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3875
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"This is due to a known issue with the\n"
+"Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Cái này có nguyên nhân bởi một lỗi phát ra từ\n"
+"Tcl phân phối bởi Cygwin."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3880
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"A good replacement for %s\n"
+"is placing values for the user.name and\n"
+"user.email settings into your personal\n"
+"~/.gitconfig file.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"Thay thế tốt cho %s\n"
+"là thay thế các giá trị cài đặt cho user.name và\n"
+"user.email thành tập tin cá nhân của bạn\n"
+"~/.gitconfig.\n"
+
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr "git-gui - công cụ đồ h�a dành cho Git."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:73
+msgid "File Viewer"
+msgstr "Bộ Xem Tập Tin"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:79
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr "Lần chuyển giao:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:280
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr "Chép lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr "Tìm chữ..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:288
+msgid "Goto Line..."
+msgstr "Nhảy đến dòng..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:297
+msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
+msgstr "Thực hiện dò tìm chép toàn bộ"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:301
+msgid "Show History Context"
+msgstr "Hiển thị nội dung của lịch sử"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:304
+msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
+msgstr "Xem công trạng của lần chuyển giao cha mẹ"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:466
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr "�ang đ�c %s..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:594
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr "�ang tải phần chú giải theo dõi chép/chuyển..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:614
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr "dòng chú giải"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:806
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr "�ang tải các chú giải vị trí nguyên gốc..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:809
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr "Chú giải hoàn tất."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:839
+msgid "Busy"
+msgstr "Bận"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:840
+msgid "Annotation process is already running."
+msgstr "Tiến trình chú giải đang diễn ra."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:879
+msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
+msgstr "�ang chạy dò tìm sao chép toàn diện..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:947
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr "�ang tải phần chú giải..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1000
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "Tác giả:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1004
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Ngư�i chuyển giao:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1009
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr "Tập tin gốc:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1057
+msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
+msgstr "Không thể tìm thấy HEAD của lần chuyển giao:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1112
+msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
+msgstr "Không thể tìm thấy lần chuyển giao mẹ:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1127
+msgid "Unable to display parent"
+msgstr "Không thể hiển thị cha mẹ"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1128 lib/diff.tcl:341
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi tải diff:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1269
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr "Nguyên gốc bởi:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1275
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr "Trong tập tin:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1280
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr "�ã chép hoặc Di chuyển đến đây bởi:"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:16 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:21
+msgid "Checkout Branch"
+msgstr "Lấy ra nhánh"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:26
+msgid "Checkout"
+msgstr "Lấy ra"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:30 lib/branch_create.tcl:37
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:34 lib/branch_rename.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:292
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:579 lib/choose_font.tcl:45 lib/merge.tcl:174
+#: lib/option.tcl:127 lib/remote_add.tcl:34 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:43
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:41 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:202 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:345
+#: lib/transport.tcl:141
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Thôi"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:35 lib/browser.tcl:297 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:321
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr "�iểm sửa đổi"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:309
+msgid "Options"
+msgstr "Tùy ch�n"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:42 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
+msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Lấy v� nhánh được theo dõi"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:47
+msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
+msgstr "Tách r�i từ Nhánh nội bộ"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:23
+msgid "Create Branch"
+msgstr "Tạo nhánh"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:28
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr "Tạo nhánh mới"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:33 lib/choose_repository.tcl:391
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Tạo"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:42
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr "Tên nhánh"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:44 lib/remote_add.tcl:41 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:51
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Tên:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:57
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr "Khớp với tên nhánh được theo dõi"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr "�iểm đầu"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr "Cập nhật nhánh sẵn có:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+msgid "No"
+msgstr "Không"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr "Chỉ fast-forward"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:571
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr "�ặt lại"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr "Lấy ra sau khi tạo"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:132
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr "Vui lòng ch�n nhánh theo dõi."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr "Nhánh theo dõi %s không phải là một nhánh trên kho chứa máy chủ."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:154 lib/branch_rename.tcl:92
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr "Hãy cung cấp tên nhánh."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:165 lib/branch_rename.tcl:112
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr "'%s' không phải là một tên nhánh được chấp nhận."
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:16
+msgid "Delete Branch"
+msgstr "Xoá nhánh"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:21
+msgid "Delete Local Branch"
+msgstr "Xóa nhánh nội bộ"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:39
+msgid "Local Branches"
+msgstr "Nhánh nội bộ"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:51
+msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
+msgstr "Chỉ xóa nếu đã hòa trộn vào"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:53 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:120
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr "Luôn (Không thực hiện kiểm tra hòa trộn)"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
+msgstr "Các nhánh sau đây không được hòa trộn hoàn toàn vào %s:"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:115 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:218
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"Khôi phục các nhánh đã bị xóa là việc khó khăn.\n"
+"\n"
+"Xóa nhánh đã ch�n chứ?"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to delete branches:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Gặp lỗi khi xóa các nhánh:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:15 lib/branch_rename.tcl:23
+msgid "Rename Branch"
+msgstr "�ổi tên nhánh"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:28
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr "�ổi tên"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:38
+msgid "Branch:"
+msgstr "Nhánh:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:46
+msgid "New Name:"
+msgstr "Tên mới:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:81
+msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
+msgstr "Hãy ch�n nhánh cần đổi tên."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:102 lib/checkout_op.tcl:202
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Nhánh '%s' đã có rồi."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:123
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đổi tên '%s'."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr "�ang khởi động..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:27
+msgid "File Browser"
+msgstr "Bộ duyệt tập tin"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:132 lib/browser.tcl:149
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr "�ang tải %s..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:193
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr "[Tới cha mẹ]"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:275 lib/browser.tcl:282
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "Duyệt các tập tin nhánh"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:288 lib/choose_repository.tcl:406
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:493 lib/choose_repository.tcl:502
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1029
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr "Tìm duyệt"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:85
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
+msgstr "�ang lấy v� %s từ %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:133
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi nghiêm tr�ng: Không thể phân giải %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:146 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:30
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:55
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "�óng"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:175
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
+msgstr "Chưa có nhánh '%s'"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:194
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi cấu hình git-pull đơn giản dành cho '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:229
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
+"\n"
+"It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
+"A merge is required."
+msgstr ""
+"Nhánh '%s' đã sẵn có.\n"
+"\n"
+"Không thể fast-forward thành %s.\n"
+"Bạn cần phải hòa trộn."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:243
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
+msgstr "Không hỗ trợ chiến lược hòa trộn '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:262
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi cập nhật '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:274
+msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
+msgstr "Vùng bệ phóng (chỉ mục) đã bị khóa rồi."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:289
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Trạng thái quét không khớp với trạng thái kho.\n"
+"\n"
+"Có Git khác đã sửa kho này kể từ lần quét cuối. Cần quét lại trước khi thực "
+"hiện việc chuyển nhánh.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sẽ thực hiện việc quét lại ngay bây gi�i.\n"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
+msgstr "Cập nhật thư mục làm việc thành '%s'..."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:346
+msgid "files checked out"
+msgstr "các tập tin cần lấy ra"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
+msgstr "Hủy b� lấy ra '%s' (cần hòa trộn mức tập tin)."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:377
+msgid "File level merge required."
+msgstr "Cần mức hòa trộn tập tin."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:381
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
+msgstr "�ang ở trên nhánh '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:452
+msgid ""
+"You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
+"Checkout'."
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn hiện không còn ở nhánh nội bộ.\n"
+"\n"
+"Nếu bạn muốn trên một nhánh, hãy tạo một cái từ '�ây là lấy ra tách r�i'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:503 lib/checkout_op.tcl:507
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Checked out '%s'."
+msgstr "�ã lấy ra '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:535
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
+msgstr "�ặt lại '%s' thành '%s' sẽ làm mất những lần chuyển giao sau đây:"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:557
+msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
+msgstr "Lấy lại những lần chuyển giao đã mất là không dễ."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:562
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset '%s'?"
+msgstr "�ặt lại '%s'?"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:567 lib/merge.tcl:166 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:336
+msgid "Visualize"
+msgstr "Trá»±c quan"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:635
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to set current branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
+"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
+"\n"
+"This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
+msgstr ""
+"Gặp lỗi khi đặt nhánh hiện hành.\n"
+"\n"
+"Thư mục làm việc chỉ chuyển không hoàn toàn.  Chúng tôi cập nhật thành công "
+"các tập tin của bạn, nhưng lại gặp lỗi khi cập nhật một tập tin của Git.\n"
+"\n"
+"�i�u này đáng lẽ không thể xảy ra.  %s gi� sẽ đóng lại và đầu hàng."
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:41
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr "Ch�n"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:55
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr "H� phông chữ"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:76
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr "Cỡ phông chữ"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:93
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr "Phông chữ ví dụ"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:105
+msgid ""
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
+msgstr ""
+"�ây là chữ mẫu.\n"
+"Nếu bạn thích chữ như thế này thì ch�n phông chữ này."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:32
+msgid "Git Gui"
+msgstr "Git Gui"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:91 lib/choose_repository.tcl:396
+msgid "Create New Repository"
+msgstr "Tạo kho mới"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:97
+msgid "New..."
+msgstr "Má»›i..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:104 lib/choose_repository.tcl:480
+msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Nhân bản một kho sẵn có"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:115
+msgid "Clone..."
+msgstr "Nhân bản..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:122 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1019
+msgid "Open Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Mở một kho đã có."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:128
+msgid "Open..."
+msgstr "Mở..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:141
+msgid "Recent Repositories"
+msgstr "Các kho mới dùng"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:147
+msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
+msgstr "Mở kho mới dùng:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:315 lib/choose_repository.tcl:322
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:329
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi tạo kho %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:401
+msgid "Directory:"
+msgstr "Thư mục:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:431 lib/choose_repository.tcl:552
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1053
+msgid "Git Repository"
+msgstr "Kho Git"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:456
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Directory %s already exists."
+msgstr "Thư mục %s đã sẵn có."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:460
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s already exists."
+msgstr "Tập tin %s đã có sẵn."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:475
+msgid "Clone"
+msgstr "Nhân bản"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:488
+msgid "Source Location:"
+msgstr "Vị trí nguồn:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:497
+msgid "Target Directory:"
+msgstr "Thư mục đích:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:507
+msgid "Clone Type:"
+msgstr "Kiểu nhân bản:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:512
+msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
+msgstr "Tiêu chuẩn (Nhanh, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:517
+msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
+msgstr "Sao chép toàn bộ (Chậm hơn, Redundant Backup)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:522
+msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
+msgstr "Chia sẻ (Nhanh nhất, Không nên dùng, No Backup)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:558 lib/choose_repository.tcl:605
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:751 lib/choose_repository.tcl:821
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1059 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1067
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
+msgstr "Không phải là kho git: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:594
+msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Tiêu chuẩn chỉ sẵn sàng với kho nội bộ."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:598
+msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
+msgstr "'Chia sẻ' chỉ sẵn sàng với kho nội bộ."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:619
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Location %s already exists."
+msgstr "Mi�n địa phương %s đã sẵn có."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:630
+msgid "Failed to configure origin"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi cấu hình bản gốc"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:642
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "�ang đếm số đối tượng"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:643
+msgid "buckets"
+msgstr "xô"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:667
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
+msgstr "Không thể sao chép objects/info/alternates: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:703
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
+msgstr "Không có gì để nhân bản từ %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:705 lib/choose_repository.tcl:919
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:931
+msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
+msgstr "Nhánh 'master' chưa được khởi tạo."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:718
+msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
+msgstr "Liên kết cứng không sẵn sàng. Trở lại chế độ sao chép."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:730
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cloning from %s"
+msgstr "�ang nhân bản từ %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:761
+msgid "Copying objects"
+msgstr "�ang chép các đối tượng"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:762
+msgid "KiB"
+msgstr "KiB"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:786
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
+msgstr "Không thể chép đối tượng: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:796
+msgid "Linking objects"
+msgstr "�ang liên kết các đối tượng"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:797
+msgid "objects"
+msgstr "đối tượng"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:805
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
+msgstr "Không thể tạo liên kết cứng đối tượng: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:860
+msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể lấy các nhánh và đối tượng. Xem kết xuất từ bảng đi�u khiển để có "
+"thêm thông tin."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:871
+msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể lấy v� các thẻ. Hãy xem kết xuất từ bảng đi�u khiển để có thêm "
+"thông tin chi tiết."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:895
+msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể dò tìm HEAD. Hãy xem kết xuất từ bảng đi�u khiển để có thêm thông "
+"tin chi tiết."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:904
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
+msgstr "Không thể d�n sạch %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:910
+msgid "Clone failed."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi nhân bản."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:917
+msgid "No default branch obtained."
+msgstr "Không tìm thấy nhánh mặc định."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:928
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
+msgstr "Không thể phân giải %s như là một lần chuyển giao."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:940
+msgid "Creating working directory"
+msgstr "�ang tạo thư mục làm việc"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:941 lib/index.tcl:70 lib/index.tcl:136
+#: lib/index.tcl:207
+msgid "files"
+msgstr "tập tin"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:970
+msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
+msgstr "Lấy ra tập tin khởi tạo gặp lỗi."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1014
+msgid "Open"
+msgstr "Mở"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1024
+msgid "Repository:"
+msgstr "Kho:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1073
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi mở kho %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:52
+msgid "This Detached Checkout"
+msgstr "�ây là việc lấy ra bị tách r�i"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
+msgid "Revision Expression:"
+msgstr "Biểu thức điểm xét:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:72
+msgid "Local Branch"
+msgstr "Nhánh nội bộ"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:77
+msgid "Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Nhánh Theo dõi"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:82 lib/choose_rev.tcl:544
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Thẻ"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:321
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
+msgstr "�iểm xét duyệt không hợp lệ: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:342
+msgid "No revision selected."
+msgstr "Chưa ch�n điểm xét duyệt."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:350
+msgid "Revision expression is empty."
+msgstr "Biểu thức chính quy rỗng."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:537
+msgid "Updated"
+msgstr "�ã cập nhật"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:565
+msgid "URL"
+msgstr "URL"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:9
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing to amend.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
+"to amend.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ở đây chẳng có gì để tu bổ cả.\n"
+"\n"
+"Bạn đang tạo lần chuyển giao khởi tạo. Ở đây không có lần chuyển giao trước "
+"nào để mà tu bổ.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+msgid ""
+"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
+"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
+"current merge activity.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể tu bổ trong khi hòa trộn.\n"
+"\n"
+"Bạn hiện đang ở giữa quá trình hòa trôn, mà nó chưa hoàn tất. Bạn không thể "
+"tu bổ  lần chuyển giao ti�n nhiệm trừ phi bạn bãi b� lần hòa trộn hiện đang "
+"kích hoạt.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:48
+msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi tải dữ liệu chuyển giao cho lệnh tu bổ:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:75
+msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
+msgstr "Không thể lấy được định danh của bạn:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:80
+msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT không hợp lệ:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:129
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr "cảnh báo: Tcl không hỗ trợ bảng mã '%s'."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:149
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Trạng thái quét không khớp với trạng thái kho.\n"
+"\n"
+"Có Git khác đã sửa kho này kể từ lần quét cuối. Cần quét lại trước khi thực "
+"hiện việc chuyển giao khác.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sẽ thực hiện việc quét lại ngay bây gi�i.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:173
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
+"before committing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Các tập tin chưa hòa trộn không thể được chuyển giao.\n"
+"\n"
+"Tập tin %s có xung đột hòa trộn. Bạn phải giải quyết chúng và đưa lên bệ "
+"phóng trước khi chuyển giao.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:181
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Tìm thấy trạng thái tập tim không hiểu %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Tập tin %s không thể được chuyển giao bởi chương trình này.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:189
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Không có thay đổi nào cần chuyển giao.\n"
+"\n"
+"Bạn phải đưa lên bệ phóng ít nhất là một tập tin trước khi có thể chuyển "
+"giao.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:204
+msgid ""
+"Please supply a commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
+"- Second line: Blank\n"
+"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Hãy cung cấp l�i chú giải cho lần chuyển giao.\n"
+"\n"
+"L�i chú giải tốt nhất nên có định dạng sau:\n"
+"\n"
+"- Dòng đầu tiên: Mô tả những gì bạn đã làm.\n"
+"- Dòng thứ hai: �ể trống\n"
+"- Các dòng còn lại: Mô tả xem vì sao những thay đổi này là cần thiết.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:235
+msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
+msgstr "�ang g�i móc (hook) pre-commit..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:250
+msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
+msgstr "Lần chuyển giao bị khước từ do móc pre-commit."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:269
+msgid ""
+"You are about to commit on a detached head. This is a potentially dangerous "
+"thing to do because if you switch to another branch you will lose your "
+"changes and it can be difficult to retrieve them later from the reflog. You "
+"should probably cancel this commit and create a new branch to continue.\n"
+" \n"
+" Do you really want to proceed with your Commit?"
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn thực hiện chuyển giao ở chỗ đã tách r�i kh�i các đầu. �i�u này là nguy "
+"hiểm bởi nếu bạn chuyển sang nhánh khác thì bạn sẽ mất những thay đổi này và "
+"việc lấy lại chúng từ reflog cũng khó khăn. Bạn gần như chắc chắn là nên hủy "
+"b� lần chuyển giao này và tạo một nhánh mới trước khi tiếp tục.\n"
+" \n"
+" Bạn có thực sự muốn tiếp tục chuyển giao?"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:290
+msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "�ang g�i móc commit-msg..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:305
+msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "Lần chuyển giao bị khước từ do móc commit-msg."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:318
+msgid "Committing changes..."
+msgstr "Chuyển giao các thay đổi..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:334
+msgid "write-tree failed:"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi write-tree:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:335 lib/commit.tcl:379 lib/commit.tcl:400
+msgid "Commit failed."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi chuyển giao."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:352
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
+msgstr "Lần chuyển giao %s có vẻ đã hư h�ng"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:357
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Không có thay đổi nào để chuyển giao.\n"
+"\n"
+"Không có tập tin nào được sửa bởi lần chuyển giao này và nó không phải là "
+"lần chuyển giao hòa trộn.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sẽ thực hiện việc quét lại ngay bây gi�.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:364
+msgid "No changes to commit."
+msgstr "Không có thay đổi nào để chuyển giao."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:378
+msgid "commit-tree failed:"
+msgstr "commit-tree gặp lỗi:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:399
+msgid "update-ref failed:"
+msgstr "cập nhật tham chiếu thất bại:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:492
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
+msgstr "Lần chuyển giao đã tạo %s: %s"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr "�ang chạy.. vui lòng đợi..."
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr "Thành công"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr "Lỗi: Câu lệnh gặp lỗi"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:42
+msgid "Number of loose objects"
+msgstr "Số lượng đối tượng bị mất"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
+msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
+msgstr "Dung lượng đĩa được dùng bởi các đối tượng bị mất"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
+msgid "Number of packed objects"
+msgstr "Số lượng đối tượng được đóng gói"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
+msgid "Number of packs"
+msgstr "Số lượng gói"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
+msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
+msgstr "Dung lượng đĩa được dùng bởi các đối tượng gói"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
+msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
+msgstr "Các đối tượng gói ch� xén bớt"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
+msgid "Garbage files"
+msgstr "Các tập tin rác"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:72
+msgid "Compressing the object database"
+msgstr "Nén cơ sở dữ liệu đối tượng"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:83
+msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
+msgstr "�ang kiểm tra cơ sở dữ liệu đối tượng bằng lệnh fsck"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:107
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
+"\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
+"the database.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compress the database now?"
+msgstr ""
+"Hiện kho này mất ước chừng khoảng %i đối tượng.\n"
+"\n"
+"�ể tối ưu hóa hiệu suất, khuyến nghị bạn nên nén cơ sở dữ liệu của mình "
+"lại.\n"
+"\n"
+"Nén cơ sở dữ liệu chứ?"
+
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr "Ngày tháng không hợp lệ từ Git: %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:64
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"No differences detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s has no changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
+"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
+"the same state."
+msgstr ""
+"Không tìm thấy khác biệt gì.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s không thay đổi.\n"
+"\n"
+"Th�i gian sửa đổi của tập tin này được cập nhật bởi ứng dụng khác, nhưng nội "
+"dung bên trong tập tin thì không thay đổi.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sẽ thực hiện quét lại một cách tự động để tìm các tập tin khác cái mà có thể "
+"có cùng tình trạng."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:104
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
+msgstr "�ang tải diff của %s..."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:125
+msgid ""
+"LOCAL: deleted\n"
+"REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"NỘIBỘ: đã xoá\n"
+"M�YCHỦ:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:130
+msgid ""
+"REMOTE: deleted\n"
+"LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"M�YCHỦ: đã xoá\n"
+"NỘIBỘ:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:137
+msgid "LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr "NỘI-BỘ:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:140
+msgid "REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr "M�Y-CHỦ:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:202 lib/diff.tcl:340
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to display %s"
+msgstr "Không thể hiển thị %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:203
+msgid "Error loading file:"
+msgstr "Lỗi khi tải tập tin:"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:210
+msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
+msgstr "Kho Git (dự án con)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:222
+msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
+msgstr "* Tập tin nhị phân (không hiển thị nội dung)."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:227
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
+"* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Tập tin chưa theo dõi là %d byte.\n"
+"* Chỉ hiển thị %d byte đầu .\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:233
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
+"* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"* Tập tin chưa theo dõi được cắt tại đây bởi %s.\n"
+"* �ể xem toàn bộ tập tin, hãy dùng ứng dụng biên soạn bên ngoài.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:560
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi b� ra kh�i bệ phóng khối đã ch�n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:567
+msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đưa lên bệ phóng khối đã ch�n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:646
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi b� ra kh�i bệ phóng dòng đã ch�n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:654
+msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đưa lên bệ phóng dòng đã ch�n"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
+msgid "Default"
+msgstr "Mặc định"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "System (%s)"
+msgstr "Hệ thống (%s)"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Khác"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:116
+msgid "error"
+msgstr "lá»—i"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+msgid "warning"
+msgstr "cảnh báo"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:96
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr "Bạn phải sửa các lỗi trên trước khi chuyển giao."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:6
+msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
+msgstr "Không thể b� khóa bảng mục lục"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:17
+msgid "Index Error"
+msgstr "Lỗi mục lục"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:19
+msgid ""
+"Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
+"resynchronize git-gui."
+msgstr ""
+"Cập nhật mục lục cho Git gặp lỗi. Việc quét lại sẽ tự động được khởi chạy để "
+"đồng hóa lại với git-gui."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:30
+msgid "Continue"
+msgstr "Tiếp tục"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:33
+msgid "Unlock Index"
+msgstr "B� khóa mục lục"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:298
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
+msgstr "B� %s ra kh�i việc chuyển giao"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:337
+msgid "Ready to commit."
+msgstr "�ã chuyển giao rồi."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:350
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "�ang thêm %s"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:380
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Stage %d untracked files?"
+msgstr "�ưa %d tập tin chưa theo dõi lên bệ phóng để chuyển giao?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:428
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
+msgstr "Hoàn nguyên các thay đổi trong tập tin %s?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:430
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
+msgstr "Hoàn nguyên các thay đổi trong %i tập tin?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:438
+msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
+msgstr ""
+"M�i thay đổi chưa được đưa lên bệ phóng sẽ mất vĩnh viễn do lệnh revert."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:441
+msgid "Do Nothing"
+msgstr "Không làm gì"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:459
+msgid "Reverting selected files"
+msgstr "�ang hoàn nguyên các tập tin đã ch�n"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:463
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting %s"
+msgstr "�ang hoàn nguyên %s"
+
+#: lib/line.tcl:17
+msgid "Goto Line:"
+msgstr "Nhảy đến dòng:"
+
+#: lib/line.tcl:23
+msgid "Go"
+msgstr "Nhảy"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:13
+msgid ""
+"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể hòa trộn trong khi tu bổ.\n"
+"\n"
+"Bạn phải hoàn tất việc tu bổ lần chuyển giao trước khi bắt đầu bất kỳ kiểu "
+"hòa trộn nào.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:27
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Trạng thái quét không khớp với trạng thái kho.\n"
+"\n"
+"Có Git khác đã sửa kho này kể từ lần quét cuối. Cần quét lại trước khi thực "
+"hiện việc hòa trộn.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sẽ thực hiện việc quét lại ngay bây gi�i.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
+"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn đang ở giữa việc thay đổi.\n"
+"\n"
+"Tập tin %s đã bị sửa đổi.\n"
+"\n"
+"Bạn nên hoàn thiện lần chuyển giao hiện nay trước khi hòa trộn. Chỉ có thế "
+"bạn mới có thể bắt đầu hòa trộn cái .\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:55
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s is modified.\n"
+"\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
+"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn đang ở giữa việc thay đổi.\n"
+"\n"
+"Tập tin %s đã bị sửa đổi.\n"
+"\n"
+"Bạn nên hoàn thiện lần chuyển giao hiện nay trước khi hòa trộn.  Làm như vậy "
+"giúp bạn có thể loại b� việc lỗi trong hòa trộn.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:108
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s of %s"
+msgstr "%s trên %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:122
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
+msgstr "�ang hòa trộn %s và %s..."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:133
+msgid "Merge completed successfully."
+msgstr "Hòa trộn đã thực hiện thành công."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:135
+msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
+msgstr "Hòa trộn gặp lỗi. Cần giải quyết các xung đột trước."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:160
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge Into %s"
+msgstr "Hòa trộn vào %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:179
+msgid "Revision To Merge"
+msgstr "�iểm cần hòa trộn"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:214
+msgid ""
+"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể hủy b� trong khi đang tu bổ.\n"
+"\n"
+"Bạn cần phải hoàn tất việc tu bổ lần chuyển giao này.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:224
+msgid ""
+"Abort merge?\n"
+"\n"
+"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
+msgstr ""
+"Bãi b� hòa trộn?\n"
+"\n"
+"Bãi b� hòa trộn hiện nay sẽ làm *TẤT CẢ* các thay đổi chưa được chuyển giao "
+"bị mất.\n"
+"\n"
+"Tiếp tục bãi b� việc hòa trộn hiện tại?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:230
+msgid ""
+"Reset changes?\n"
+"\n"
+"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+msgstr ""
+"�ặt lại m�i thay đổi?\n"
+"\n"
+"Việc đặt lại các thay đổi sẽ làm *MỌI* thay đổi chưa chuyển giao biến mất.\n"
+"\n"
+"Vẫn tiếp tục đặt lại các thay đổi hiện tại?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:241
+msgid "Aborting"
+msgstr "Bãi b�"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:241
+msgid "files reset"
+msgstr "đặt lại các tập tin"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:269
+msgid "Abort failed."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi bãi b�."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:271
+msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
+msgstr "�ã bãi b� xong.  Sẵn sàng."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
+msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
+msgstr "Buộc phân giải thành nhánh cơ sở?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
+msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
+msgstr "Buộc phân giải thành nhánh này?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
+msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
+msgstr "Buộc phân giải thành nhánh khác?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s will be overwritten.\n"
+"\n"
+"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Chú ý là diff chỉ hiển thị những thay đổi xung đột.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s sẽ bị ghi đè.\n"
+"\n"
+"Thao tác này chỉ có thể b� dở bằng cách khởi động lại việc hòa trộn."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
+msgstr ""
+"Tập tin %s có vẻ chưa được giải quyết xung đột, vẫn đánh dấu là cần chuyển "
+"giao?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
+msgstr "�ang phân giải cho %s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
+msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
+msgstr "Không thể phân giải xung đột xóa hay liên kết dùng một công cụ"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
+msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
+msgstr "Tập tin xung đột không tồn tại"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:246
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
+msgstr "Không phải là một công cụ hòa trộn GUI: '%s'"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:275
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
+msgstr "Không hỗ trợ công cụ trộn '%s'"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:310
+msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
+msgstr "Công cụ hòa trộn đang chạy rồi, chấm dứt nó?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:330
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Error retrieving versions:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Gặp lỗi khi truy lại phiên bản:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:350
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể khởi chạy công cụ hòa trộn:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:354
+msgid "Running merge tool..."
+msgstr "�ang chạy công cụ trộn..."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:382 lib/mergetool.tcl:390
+msgid "Merge tool failed."
+msgstr "Công cụ trộn gặp lỗi."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:11
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Bảng mã toàn cục không hợp lệ '%s'"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Bảng mã kho chứa không hợp lệ '%s'"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:119
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr "Phục hồi thành mặc định"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:123
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr "Ghi lại"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:133
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr "%s kho"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:134
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr "Toàn cục (M�i kho)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:140
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr "Tên ngư�i dùng"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:141
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr "�ịa chỉ thư điện tử"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:143
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr "Tổng hợp v� hòa trộn các lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:144
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr "Chi tiết việc hòa trộn"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:145
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr "Hiển thị thống kê khác biệt sau hòa trộn"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:146
+msgid "Use Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Dùng Công cụ trộn"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:148
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr "Tin dấu vết th�i gian sửa đổi tập tin"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:149
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr "Xén các nhánh theo dõi trong khi lấy v�"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:150
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr "Khớp nhánh theo dõi"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:151
+msgid "Use Textconv For Diffs and Blames"
+msgstr "Dùng Textconv Cho Diffs và Blames"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:152
+msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
+msgstr "Chỉ chép blame trên các tập tin thay đổi"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:153
+msgid "Maximum Length of Recent Repositories List"
+msgstr "Số lượng kho mới dùng tối đa được lưu trữ"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:154
+msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
+msgstr "Chữ tối thiểu để blame chép vào"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:155
+msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
+msgstr "Bán kính ngữ cảnh lịch sử blame (ngày)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:156
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr "Số dòng nội dung Diff"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:157
+msgid "Additional Diff Parameters"
+msgstr "�ối số bổ xung cho Diff"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:158
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr "Chi�u rộng của phần chú thích"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:159
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr "Mẫu tên nhánh mới"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:160
+msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
+msgstr "Bảng mã dành cho nội dung tập tin mặc định"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:161
+msgid "Warn before committing to a detached head"
+msgstr "Cảnh báo trước khi chuyển giao một đầu bị tách r�i"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:162
+msgid "Staging of untracked files"
+msgstr "�ánh dấu những tập tin chưa được theo dõi là cần chuyển giao"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:163
+msgid "Show untracked files"
+msgstr "Hiện các tập tin chưa được theo dõi"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:209
+msgid "Change"
+msgstr "Thay đổi"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:253
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr "Từ điển chính tả:"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:283
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr "�ổi phông chữ"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:287
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr "Ch�n %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:293
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr "pt."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:307
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "Cá nhân hóa"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:344
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi hoàn tất ghi lại các tùy ch�n:"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:20
+msgid "Add Remote"
+msgstr "Thêm máy chủ"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:25
+msgid "Add New Remote"
+msgstr "Thêm máy chủ mới"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:30 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:37
+msgid "Add"
+msgstr "Thêm vào"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:39
+msgid "Remote Details"
+msgstr "Chi tiết v� máy chủ"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
+msgid "Location:"
+msgstr "Vị trí:"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:60
+msgid "Further Action"
+msgstr "Hành động thêm"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:63
+msgid "Fetch Immediately"
+msgstr "Lấy v� ngay lập tức"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:69
+msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
+msgstr "Khởi tạo Kho máy chủ và đẩy dữ liệu lên"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:75
+msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
+msgstr "Không làm gì cả"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:100
+msgid "Please supply a remote name."
+msgstr "Hãy cung cấp tên máy chủ."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:113
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
+msgstr "'%s' không phải là tên máy chủ được chấp nhận."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:124
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi thêm máy chủ '%s' của vị trí '%s'."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:132 lib/transport.tcl:6
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "lấy v� %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching the %s"
+msgstr "�ang lấy v� %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:156
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
+msgstr "Không hiểu làm thế nào để khởi tạo kho chứa tại vị trí '%s'."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:162 lib/transport.tcl:54 lib/transport.tcl:92
+#: lib/transport.tcl:110
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "đẩy %s lên máy chủ"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
+msgstr "Cài đặt '%s' (tại %s)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
+msgstr "Xóa nhánh trên máy chủ"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:48
+msgid "From Repository"
+msgstr "Từ Kho"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:51 lib/transport.tcl:165
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr "Máy chủ:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:72 lib/transport.tcl:187
+msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
+msgstr "�ịa điểm tùy ý:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:88
+msgid "Branches"
+msgstr "Nhánh"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:110
+msgid "Delete Only If"
+msgstr "Chỉ xoá Nếu"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:112
+msgid "Merged Into:"
+msgstr "�ã trộn vào:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:153
+msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
+msgstr "Cần một nhánh cho 'Hòa trộn vào'."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:185
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Các nhánh sau đây không được hòa trộn hoàn toàn vào %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:190
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+msgstr ""
+"Một hay nhi�u hơn kiểm tra hòa trộn không đạt bởi vì bạn đã không lấy v� "
+"những lần chuyển giao cần thiết. Hãy lấy v� từ %s trước đã."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:208
+msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
+msgstr "Xin hãy ch�n một hay nhi�u nhánh cần xóa."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:227
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
+msgstr "�ang xoá các nhánh từ %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:300
+msgid "No repository selected."
+msgstr "Chưa ch�n kho."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:305
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Scanning %s..."
+msgstr "�ang quét: %s..."
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:200
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "�ẩy lên"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:218
+msgid "Remove Remote"
+msgstr "Gỡ b� Máy chủ"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:223
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "Xén từ"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:228
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "Lấy v� từ"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:48
+msgid "Find:"
+msgstr "Tìm:"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:50
+msgid "Next"
+msgstr "Tiếp"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:51
+msgid "Prev"
+msgstr "TrÆ°á»›c"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:52
+msgid "RegExp"
+msgstr "BTCQ"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:54
+msgid "Case"
+msgstr "Hoa"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:21 lib/shortcut.tcl:62
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr "Không thể ghi lối tắt:"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:137
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr "Không thể ghi biểu tượng:"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
+msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
+msgstr "Không hỗ trợ kiểm tra chính tả"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
+msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
+msgstr "Kiểm tra chính tả không sẵn sàng"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
+msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
+msgstr "Cấu hình bộ soát chính tả không hợp lệ"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
+msgstr "�ang hoàn nguyên từ điển thành %s."
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
+msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
+msgstr "Phần kiểm tra chính tả đã gặp lỗi khi khởi động"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
+msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
+msgstr "Không chấp nhận bộ kiểm tra chính tả"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
+msgid "No Suggestions"
+msgstr "Không có gợi ý"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:388
+msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
+msgstr "Gặp kết thúc bất ng� từ bộ kiểm tra chính tả"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
+msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
+msgstr "Kiểm tra chính tả không thành công"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
+msgid "No keys found."
+msgstr "Không tìm thấy khóa nào."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
+msgstr "Tìm thấy khoá công khai trong: %s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
+msgid "Generate Key"
+msgstr "Tạo khoá"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:58
+msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
+msgstr "Chép vào clipboard"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:72
+msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
+msgstr "Khóa công OpenSSH của bạn"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:80
+msgid "Generating..."
+msgstr "�ang tạo..."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:86
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể chạy ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:113
+msgid "Generation failed."
+msgstr "Việc tạo khoá đã thất bại."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:120
+msgid "Generation succeeded, but no keys found."
+msgstr "Việc tạo thành công nhưng lại không tìm thấy khóa."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:123
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Your key is in: %s"
+msgstr "Khóa của bạn trong: %s"
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:87
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%s ... %*i trong %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+msgid "Add Tool"
+msgstr "Thêm công cụ"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr "Thêm lệnh công cụ mới"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:34
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr "Thêm toàn cục"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:46
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr "Chi tiết công cụ"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:49
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr "Dùng dấu ngăn cách '/' để tạo cây trình đơn con:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:60
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Lệnh:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:71
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr "Hiển thị hộp thoại trước khi chạy"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:77
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr "H�i ngư�i dùng ch�n điểm xem xét (đặt biến $REVISION)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:82
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr "H�i ngư�i dùng các đối số bổ xung thêm (đặt biến $ARGS)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:89
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr "Không hiển thị cửa sổ kết xuất câu lệnh"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:94
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr "Chỉ chạy nếu diff được ch�n (biến $FILENAME không rỗng)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:118
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr "Hãy cung cấp tên cho công cụ."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:126
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Công cụ '%s' đã sẵn có."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:148
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể thêm công cụ:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:187
+msgid "Remove Tool"
+msgstr "Gỡ b� công cụ"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:193
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr "Gỡ b� công cụ lệnh"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:198
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr "Gỡ b�"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:231
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr "(Các công cụ chỉ thị kho-nội-bộ xanh)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:292
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr "Chạy lệnh: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:306
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr "�ối số"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:341
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "�ồng ý"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:75
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr "Chạy %s yêu cầu cần phải ch�n một tập tin."
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:91
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %1$s on file \"%2$s\"?"
+msgstr "Bạn có chắc là muốn chạy %1$s trên tập tin \"%2$s\" không?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:95
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr "Bạn có chắc là muốn chạy %s không?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:116
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr "Công cụ: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr "�ang chạy: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:155
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr "Công cụ được biên dịch thành công: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr "Công cụ gặp lỗi: %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr "Lấy các thay đổi mới từ %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr "xén bớt trên máy chủ %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr "Xén bớt các nhánh theo dõi bị xóa từ %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:25
+msgid "fetch all remotes"
+msgstr "lấy v� từ tất cả các máy chủ"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+msgid "Fetching new changes from all remotes"
+msgstr "�ang lấy các thay đổi mới từ m�i máy chủ"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:40
+msgid "remote prune all remotes"
+msgstr "xén bớt m�i máy chủ"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:41
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from all remotes"
+msgstr "Xén tỉa các nhánh đã theo dõi bị xóa từ m�i máy chủ"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:55
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr "�ang đẩy các nhánh lên %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:93
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "Bản sao đến %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:111
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr "�ang (đẩy) %s %s lên %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:132
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr "�ẩy lên các nhánh"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:147
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr "Nhánh nguồn"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:162
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr "Kho chứa đích"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:205
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr "Tùy ch�n truy�n"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:207
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr "Ép buộc ghi đè nhánh sẵn có (có thể sẽ loại b� các thay đổi)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:211
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr "Dùng gói m�ng (dành cho kết nối mạng chậm)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:215
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr "Bao gồm các thẻ"
+
+#~ msgid "Case-Sensitive"
+#~ msgstr "Có phân biệt HOA/thư�ng"
diff --git a/git-instaweb.sh b/git-instaweb.sh
index 513efa662e..eec264e630 100755
--- a/git-instaweb.sh
+++ b/git-instaweb.sh
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ start          start the web server
 restart        restart the web server
 "
 
+SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
 . git-sh-setup
 
 fqgitdir="$GIT_DIR"
@@ -204,7 +205,7 @@ webrick_conf () {
 	# actual gitweb.cgi using a shell script to force it
   wrapper="$fqgitdir/gitweb/$httpd/wrapper.sh"
 	cat > "$wrapper" <<EOF
-#!/bin/sh
+#!@SHELL_PATH@
 # we use this shell script wrapper around the real gitweb.cgi since
 # there appears to be no other way to pass arbitrary environment variables
 # into the CGI process
@@ -325,13 +326,17 @@ EOF
 }
 
 apache2_conf () {
-	if test -z "$module_path"
-	then
-		test -d "/usr/lib/httpd/modules" &&
-			module_path="/usr/lib/httpd/modules"
-		test -d "/usr/lib/apache2/modules" &&
-			module_path="/usr/lib/apache2/modules"
-	fi
+	for candidate in \
+		/etc/httpd \
+		/usr/lib/apache2 \
+		/usr/lib/httpd ;
+	do
+		if test -d "$candidate/modules"
+		then
+			module_path="$candidate/modules"
+			break
+		fi
+	done
 	bind=
 	test x"$local" = xtrue && bind='127.0.0.1:'
 	echo 'text/css css' > "$fqgitdir/mime.types"
@@ -355,7 +360,7 @@ EOF
 			break
 		fi
 	done
-	for mod in mime dir env log_config authz_core
+	for mod in mime dir env log_config authz_core unixd
 	do
 		if test -e $module_path/mod_${mod}.so
 		then
diff --git a/git-merge-octopus.sh b/git-merge-octopus.sh
index 8643f74cb0..7d19d37951 100755
--- a/git-merge-octopus.sh
+++ b/git-merge-octopus.sh
@@ -5,14 +5,11 @@
 # Resolve two or more trees.
 #
 
+. git-sh-setup
+
 LF='
 '
 
-die () {
-    echo >&2 "$*"
-    exit 1
-}
-
 # The first parameters up to -- are merge bases; the rest are heads.
 bases= head= remotes= sep_seen=
 for arg
@@ -33,7 +30,7 @@ do
 	esac
 done
 
-# Reject if this is not an Octopus -- resolve should be used instead.
+# Reject if this is not an octopus -- resolve should be used instead.
 case "$remotes" in
 ?*' '?*)
 	;;
@@ -44,6 +41,12 @@ esac
 # MRC is the current "merge reference commit"
 # MRT is the current "merge result tree"
 
+if ! git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD --
+then
+    gettextln "Error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge"
+    git diff-index --cached --name-only HEAD -- | sed -e 's/^/    /'
+    exit 2
+fi
 MRC=$(git rev-parse --verify -q $head)
 MRT=$(git write-tree)
 NON_FF_MERGE=0
@@ -55,8 +58,8 @@ do
 		# We allow only last one to have a hand-resolvable
 		# conflicts.  Last round failed and we still had
 		# a head to merge.
-		echo "Automated merge did not work."
-		echo "Should not be doing an Octopus."
+		gettextln "Automated merge did not work."
+		gettextln "Should not be doing an octopus."
 		exit 2
 	esac
 
@@ -67,11 +70,11 @@ do
 		eval pretty_name=\${GITHEAD_$SHA1_UP:-$pretty_name}
 	fi
 	common=$(git merge-base --all $SHA1 $MRC) ||
-		die "Unable to find common commit with $pretty_name"
+		die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to find common commit with \$pretty_name")"
 
 	case "$LF$common$LF" in
 	*"$LF$SHA1$LF"*)
-		echo "Already up-to-date with $pretty_name"
+		eval_gettextln "Already up to date with \$pretty_name"
 		continue
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -83,7 +86,7 @@ do
 		# tree as the intermediate result of the merge.
 		# We still need to count this as part of the parent set.
 
-		echo "Fast-forwarding to: $pretty_name"
+		eval_gettextln "Fast-forwarding to: \$pretty_name"
 		git read-tree -u -m $head $SHA1 || exit
 		MRC=$SHA1 MRT=$(git write-tree)
 		continue
@@ -91,13 +94,13 @@ do
 
 	NON_FF_MERGE=1
 
-	echo "Trying simple merge with $pretty_name"
+	eval_gettextln "Trying simple merge with \$pretty_name"
 	git read-tree -u -m --aggressive  $common $MRT $SHA1 || exit 2
 	next=$(git write-tree 2>/dev/null)
 	if test $? -ne 0
 	then
-		echo "Simple merge did not work, trying automatic merge."
-		git-merge-index -o git-merge-one-file -a ||
+		gettextln "Simple merge did not work, trying automatic merge."
+		git merge-index -o git-merge-one-file -a ||
 		OCTOPUS_FAILURE=1
 		next=$(git write-tree 2>/dev/null)
 	fi
diff --git a/git-merge-one-file.sh b/git-merge-one-file.sh
index 07dfeb8df4..f6d9852d2f 100755
--- a/git-merge-one-file.sh
+++ b/git-merge-one-file.sh
@@ -38,6 +38,14 @@ case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 # Deleted in both or deleted in one and unchanged in the other
 #
 "$1.." | "$1.$1" | "$1$1.")
+	if { test -z "$6" && test "$5" != "$7"; } ||
+	   { test -z "$7" && test "$5" != "$6"; }
+	then
+		echo "ERROR: File $4 deleted on one branch but had its" >&2
+		echo "ERROR: permissions changed on the other." >&2
+		exit 1
+	fi
+
 	if test -n "$2"
 	then
 		echo "Removing $4"
@@ -107,17 +115,16 @@ case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 		;;
 	esac
 
-	src1=$(git-unpack-file $2)
-	src2=$(git-unpack-file $3)
+	src1=$(git unpack-file $2)
+	src2=$(git unpack-file $3)
 	case "$1" in
 	'')
 		echo "Added $4 in both, but differently."
-		orig=$(git-unpack-file $2)
-		create_virtual_base "$orig" "$src2"
+		orig=$(git unpack-file $(git hash-object /dev/null))
 		;;
 	*)
 		echo "Auto-merging $4"
-		orig=$(git-unpack-file $1)
+		orig=$(git unpack-file $1)
 		;;
 	esac
 
diff --git a/git-merge-resolve.sh b/git-merge-resolve.sh
index c9da747fcf..343fe7bccd 100755
--- a/git-merge-resolve.sh
+++ b/git-merge-resolve.sh
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ then
 	exit 0
 else
 	echo "Simple merge failed, trying Automatic merge."
-	if git-merge-index -o git-merge-one-file -a
+	if git merge-index -o git-merge-one-file -a
 	then
 		exit 0
 	else
diff --git a/git-mergetool--lib.sh b/git-mergetool--lib.sh
index fe61e89f31..9a8b97a2ab 100644
--- a/git-mergetool--lib.sh
+++ b/git-mergetool--lib.sh
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
 
 : ${MERGE_TOOLS_DIR=$(git --exec-path)/mergetools}
 
+IFS='
+'
+
 mode_ok () {
 	if diff_mode
 	then
@@ -97,7 +100,7 @@ check_unchanged () {
 		while true
 		do
 			echo "$MERGED seems unchanged."
-			printf "Was the merge successful? [y/n] "
+			printf "Was the merge successful [y/n]? "
 			read answer || return 1
 			case "$answer" in
 			y*|Y*) return 0 ;;
@@ -122,16 +125,7 @@ setup_user_tool () {
 	}
 
 	merge_cmd () {
-		trust_exit_code=$(git config --bool \
-			"mergetool.$1.trustExitCode" || echo false)
-		if test "$trust_exit_code" = "false"
-		then
-			touch "$BACKUP"
-			( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
-			check_unchanged
-		else
-			( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
-		fi
+		( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
 	}
 }
 
@@ -159,6 +153,28 @@ setup_tool () {
 		echo "$1"
 	}
 
+	# Most tools' exit codes cannot be trusted, so By default we ignore
+	# their exit code and check the merged file's modification time in
+	# check_unchanged() to determine whether or not the merge was
+	# successful.  The return value from run_merge_cmd, by default, is
+	# determined by check_unchanged().
+	#
+	# When a tool's exit code can be trusted then the return value from
+	# run_merge_cmd is simply the tool's exit code, and check_unchanged()
+	# is not called.
+	#
+	# The return value of exit_code_trustable() tells us whether or not we
+	# can trust the tool's exit code.
+	#
+	# User-defined and built-in tools default to false.
+	# Built-in tools advertise that their exit code is trustable by
+	# redefining exit_code_trustable() to true.
+
+	exit_code_trustable () {
+		false
+	}
+
+
 	if ! test -f "$MERGE_TOOLS_DIR/$tool"
 	then
 		setup_user_tool
@@ -194,6 +210,19 @@ get_merge_tool_cmd () {
 	fi
 }
 
+trust_exit_code () {
+	if git config --bool "mergetool.$1.trustExitCode"
+	then
+		:; # OK
+	elif exit_code_trustable
+	then
+		echo true
+	else
+		echo false
+	fi
+}
+
+
 # Entry point for running tools
 run_merge_tool () {
 	# If GIT_PREFIX is empty then we cannot use it in tools
@@ -222,7 +251,15 @@ run_diff_cmd () {
 
 # Run a either a configured or built-in merge tool
 run_merge_cmd () {
-	merge_cmd "$1"
+	mergetool_trust_exit_code=$(trust_exit_code "$1")
+	if test "$mergetool_trust_exit_code" = "true"
+	then
+		merge_cmd "$1"
+	else
+		touch "$BACKUP"
+		merge_cmd "$1"
+		check_unchanged
+	fi
 }
 
 list_merge_tool_candidates () {
@@ -302,6 +339,7 @@ guess_merge_tool () {
 	EOF
 
 	# Loop over each candidate and stop when a valid merge tool is found.
+	IFS=' '
 	for tool in $tools
 	do
 		is_available "$tool" && echo "$tool" && return 0
@@ -368,3 +406,28 @@ get_merge_tool () {
 	fi
 	echo "$merge_tool"
 }
+
+mergetool_find_win32_cmd () {
+	executable=$1
+	sub_directory=$2
+
+	# Use $executable if it exists in $PATH
+	if type -p "$executable" >/dev/null 2>&1
+	then
+		printf '%s' "$executable"
+		return
+	fi
+
+	# Look for executable in the typical locations
+	for directory in $(env | grep -Ei '^PROGRAM(FILES(\(X86\))?|W6432)=' |
+		cut -d '=' -f 2- | sort -u)
+	do
+		if test -n "$directory" && test -x "$directory/$sub_directory/$executable"
+		then
+			printf '%s' "$directory/$sub_directory/$executable"
+			return
+		fi
+	done
+
+	printf '%s' "$executable"
+}
diff --git a/git-mergetool.sh b/git-mergetool.sh
index d20581c15c..d07c7f387c 100755
--- a/git-mergetool.sh
+++ b/git-mergetool.sh
@@ -3,12 +3,13 @@
 # This program resolves merge conflicts in git
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Theodore Y. Ts'o
+# Copyright (c) 2009-2016 David Aguilar
 #
 # This file is licensed under the GPL v2, or a later version
 # at the discretion of Junio C Hamano.
 #
 
-USAGE='[--tool=tool] [--tool-help] [-y|--no-prompt|--prompt] [file to merge] ...'
+USAGE='[--tool=tool] [--tool-help] [-y|--no-prompt|--prompt] [-O<orderfile>] [file to merge] ...'
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
 NONGIT_OK=Yes
 OPTIONS_SPEC=
@@ -126,7 +127,12 @@ resolve_deleted_merge () {
 		case "$ans" in
 		[mMcC]*)
 			git add -- "$MERGED"
-			cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
+			if test "$merge_keep_backup" = "true"
+			then
+				cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
+			else
+				cleanup_temp_files
+			fi
 			return 0
 			;;
 		[dD]*)
@@ -135,6 +141,10 @@ resolve_deleted_merge () {
 			return 0
 			;;
 		[aA]*)
+			if test "$merge_keep_temporaries" = "false"
+			then
+				cleanup_temp_files
+			fi
 			return 1
 			;;
 		esac
@@ -282,8 +292,14 @@ merge_file () {
 		return
 	fi
 
-	mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
-	cp -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED"
+	if test -f "$MERGED"
+	then
+		mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
+		cp -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED"
+	fi
+	# Create a parent directory to handle delete/delete conflicts
+	# where the base's directory no longer exists.
+	mkdir -p "$(dirname "$MERGED")"
 
 	checkout_staged_file 1 "$MERGED" "$BASE"
 	checkout_staged_file 2 "$MERGED" "$LOCAL"
@@ -295,7 +311,9 @@ merge_file () {
 		describe_file "$local_mode" "local" "$LOCAL"
 		describe_file "$remote_mode" "remote" "$REMOTE"
 		resolve_deleted_merge
-		return
+		status=$?
+		rmdir -p "$(dirname "$MERGED")" 2>/dev/null
+		return $status
 	fi
 
 	if is_symlink "$local_mode" || is_symlink "$remote_mode"
@@ -348,55 +366,10 @@ merge_file () {
 	return 0
 }
 
-prompt=$(git config --bool mergetool.prompt)
-guessed_merge_tool=false
-
-while test $# != 0
-do
-	case "$1" in
-	--tool-help=*)
-		TOOL_MODE=${1#--tool-help=}
-		show_tool_help
-		;;
-	--tool-help)
-		show_tool_help
-		;;
-	-t|--tool*)
-		case "$#,$1" in
-		*,*=*)
-			merge_tool=$(expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)')
-			;;
-		1,*)
-			usage ;;
-		*)
-			merge_tool="$2"
-			shift ;;
-		esac
-		;;
-	-y|--no-prompt)
-		prompt=false
-		;;
-	--prompt)
-		prompt=true
-		;;
-	--)
-		shift
-		break
-		;;
-	-*)
-		usage
-		;;
-	*)
-		break
-		;;
-	esac
-	shift
-done
-
 prompt_after_failed_merge () {
 	while true
 	do
-		printf "Continue merging other unresolved paths (y/n) ? "
+		printf "Continue merging other unresolved paths [y/n]? "
 		read ans || return 1
 		case "$ans" in
 		[yY]*)
@@ -409,59 +382,128 @@ prompt_after_failed_merge () {
 	done
 }
 
-git_dir_init
-require_work_tree
+print_noop_and_exit () {
+	echo "No files need merging"
+	exit 0
+}
+
+main () {
+	prompt=$(git config --bool mergetool.prompt)
+	guessed_merge_tool=false
+	orderfile=
+
+	while test $# != 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		--tool-help=*)
+			TOOL_MODE=${1#--tool-help=}
+			show_tool_help
+			;;
+		--tool-help)
+			show_tool_help
+			;;
+		-t|--tool*)
+			case "$#,$1" in
+			*,*=*)
+				merge_tool=$(expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)')
+				;;
+			1,*)
+				usage ;;
+			*)
+				merge_tool="$2"
+				shift ;;
+			esac
+			;;
+		-y|--no-prompt)
+			prompt=false
+			;;
+		--prompt)
+			prompt=true
+			;;
+		-O*)
+			orderfile="${1#-O}"
+			;;
+		--)
+			shift
+			break
+			;;
+		-*)
+			usage
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+
+	git_dir_init
+	require_work_tree
 
-if test -z "$merge_tool"
-then
-	# Check if a merge tool has been configured
-	merge_tool=$(get_configured_merge_tool)
-	# Try to guess an appropriate merge tool if no tool has been set.
 	if test -z "$merge_tool"
 	then
-		merge_tool=$(guess_merge_tool) || exit
-		guessed_merge_tool=true
+		# Check if a merge tool has been configured
+		merge_tool=$(get_configured_merge_tool)
+		# Try to guess an appropriate merge tool if no tool has been set.
+		if test -z "$merge_tool"
+		then
+			merge_tool=$(guess_merge_tool) || exit
+			guessed_merge_tool=true
+		fi
 	fi
-fi
-merge_keep_backup="$(git config --bool mergetool.keepBackup || echo true)"
-merge_keep_temporaries="$(git config --bool mergetool.keepTemporaries || echo false)"
-
-files=
+	merge_keep_backup="$(git config --bool mergetool.keepBackup || echo true)"
+	merge_keep_temporaries="$(git config --bool mergetool.keepTemporaries || echo false)"
 
-if test $# -eq 0
-then
+	prefix=$(git rev-parse --show-prefix) || exit 1
 	cd_to_toplevel
 
-	if test -e "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_RR"
+	if test -n "$orderfile"
 	then
-		files=$(git rerere remaining)
-	else
-		files=$(git ls-files -u | sed -e 's/^[^	]*	//' | sort -u)
+		orderfile=$(
+			git rev-parse --prefix "$prefix" -- "$orderfile" |
+			sed -e 1d
+		)
 	fi
-else
-	files=$(git ls-files -u -- "$@" | sed -e 's/^[^	]*	//' | sort -u)
-fi
 
-if test -z "$files"
-then
-	echo "No files need merging"
-	exit 0
-fi
-
-printf "Merging:\n"
-printf "%s\n" "$files"
-
-IFS='
-'
-rc=0
-for i in $files
-do
-	printf "\n"
-	if ! merge_file "$i"
+	if test $# -eq 0 && test -e "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_RR"
+	then
+		set -- $(git rerere remaining)
+		if test $# -eq 0
+		then
+			print_noop_and_exit
+		fi
+	elif test $# -ge 0
 	then
-		rc=1
-		prompt_after_failed_merge || exit 1
+		# rev-parse provides the -- needed for 'set'
+		eval "set $(git rev-parse --sq --prefix "$prefix" -- "$@")"
 	fi
-done
 
-exit $rc
+	files=$(git -c core.quotePath=false \
+		diff --name-only --diff-filter=U \
+		${orderfile:+"-O$orderfile"} -- "$@")
+
+	if test -z "$files"
+	then
+		print_noop_and_exit
+	fi
+
+	printf "Merging:\n"
+	printf "%s\n" "$files"
+
+	rc=0
+	set -- $files
+	while test $# -ne 0
+	do
+		printf "\n"
+		if ! merge_file "$1"
+		then
+			rc=1
+			test $# -ne 1 && prompt_after_failed_merge || exit 1
+		fi
+		shift
+	done
+
+	exit $rc
+}
+
+main "$@"
diff --git a/git-p4.py b/git-p4.py
index 549022e97c..7fab255584 100755
--- a/git-p4.py
+++ b/git-p4.py
@@ -22,6 +22,26 @@ import platform
 import re
 import shutil
 import stat
+import zipfile
+import zlib
+import ctypes
+import errno
+
+# support basestring in python3
+try:
+    unicode = unicode
+except NameError:
+    # 'unicode' is undefined, must be Python 3
+    str = str
+    unicode = str
+    bytes = bytes
+    basestring = (str,bytes)
+else:
+    # 'unicode' exists, must be Python 2
+    str = str
+    unicode = unicode
+    bytes = str
+    basestring = basestring
 
 try:
     from subprocess import CalledProcessError
@@ -43,6 +63,11 @@ verbose = False
 # Only labels/tags matching this will be imported/exported
 defaultLabelRegexp = r'[a-zA-Z0-9_\-.]+$'
 
+# The block size is reduced automatically if required
+defaultBlockSize = 1<<20
+
+p4_access_checked = False
+
 def p4_build_cmd(cmd):
     """Build a suitable p4 command line.
 
@@ -72,13 +97,37 @@ def p4_build_cmd(cmd):
     if len(client) > 0:
         real_cmd += ["-c", client]
 
+    retries = gitConfigInt("git-p4.retries")
+    if retries is None:
+        # Perform 3 retries by default
+        retries = 3
+    if retries > 0:
+        # Provide a way to not pass this option by setting git-p4.retries to 0
+        real_cmd += ["-r", str(retries)]
 
     if isinstance(cmd,basestring):
         real_cmd = ' '.join(real_cmd) + ' ' + cmd
     else:
         real_cmd += cmd
+
+    # now check that we can actually talk to the server
+    global p4_access_checked
+    if not p4_access_checked:
+        p4_access_checked = True    # suppress access checks in p4_check_access itself
+        p4_check_access()
+
     return real_cmd
 
+def git_dir(path):
+    """ Return TRUE if the given path is a git directory (/path/to/dir/.git).
+        This won't automatically add ".git" to a directory.
+    """
+    d = read_pipe(["git", "--git-dir", path, "rev-parse", "--git-dir"], True).strip()
+    if not d or len(d) == 0:
+        return None
+    else:
+        return d
+
 def chdir(path, is_client_path=False):
     """Do chdir to the given path, and set the PWD environment
        variable for use by P4.  It does not look at getcwd() output.
@@ -101,6 +150,16 @@ def chdir(path, is_client_path=False):
         path = os.getcwd()
     os.environ['PWD'] = path
 
+def calcDiskFree():
+    """Return free space in bytes on the disk of the given dirname."""
+    if platform.system() == 'Windows':
+        free_bytes = ctypes.c_ulonglong(0)
+        ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetDiskFreeSpaceExW(ctypes.c_wchar_p(os.getcwd()), None, None, ctypes.pointer(free_bytes))
+        return free_bytes.value
+    else:
+        st = os.statvfs(os.getcwd())
+        return st.f_bavail * st.f_frsize
+
 def die(msg):
     if verbose:
         raise Exception(msg)
@@ -126,18 +185,41 @@ def p4_write_pipe(c, stdin):
     real_cmd = p4_build_cmd(c)
     return write_pipe(real_cmd, stdin)
 
-def read_pipe(c, ignore_error=False):
+def read_pipe_full(c):
+    """ Read output from  command. Returns a tuple
+        of the return status, stdout text and stderr
+        text.
+    """
     if verbose:
         sys.stderr.write('Reading pipe: %s\n' % str(c))
 
     expand = isinstance(c,basestring)
-    p = subprocess.Popen(c, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, shell=expand)
-    pipe = p.stdout
-    val = pipe.read()
-    if p.wait() and not ignore_error:
-        die('Command failed: %s' % str(c))
+    p = subprocess.Popen(c, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, shell=expand)
+    (out, err) = p.communicate()
+    return (p.returncode, out, err)
 
-    return val
+def read_pipe(c, ignore_error=False):
+    """ Read output from  command. Returns the output text on
+        success. On failure, terminates execution, unless
+        ignore_error is True, when it returns an empty string.
+    """
+    (retcode, out, err) = read_pipe_full(c)
+    if retcode != 0:
+        if ignore_error:
+            out = ""
+        else:
+            die('Command failed: %s\nError: %s' % (str(c), err))
+    return out
+
+def read_pipe_text(c):
+    """ Read output from a command with trailing whitespace stripped.
+        On error, returns None.
+    """
+    (retcode, out, err) = read_pipe_full(c)
+    if retcode != 0:
+        return None
+    else:
+        return out.rstrip()
 
 def p4_read_pipe(c, ignore_error=False):
     real_cmd = p4_build_cmd(c)
@@ -189,14 +271,16 @@ def p4_has_move_command():
     # assume it failed because @... was invalid changelist
     return True
 
-def system(cmd):
+def system(cmd, ignore_error=False):
     expand = isinstance(cmd,basestring)
     if verbose:
         sys.stderr.write("executing %s\n" % str(cmd))
     retcode = subprocess.call(cmd, shell=expand)
-    if retcode:
+    if retcode and not ignore_error:
         raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
 
+    return retcode
+
 def p4_system(cmd):
     """Specifically invoke p4 as the system command. """
     real_cmd = p4_build_cmd(cmd)
@@ -205,6 +289,52 @@ def p4_system(cmd):
     if retcode:
         raise CalledProcessError(retcode, real_cmd)
 
+def die_bad_access(s):
+    die("failure accessing depot: {0}".format(s.rstrip()))
+
+def p4_check_access(min_expiration=1):
+    """ Check if we can access Perforce - account still logged in
+    """
+    results = p4CmdList(["login", "-s"])
+
+    if len(results) == 0:
+        # should never get here: always get either some results, or a p4ExitCode
+        assert("could not parse response from perforce")
+
+    result = results[0]
+
+    if 'p4ExitCode' in result:
+        # p4 returned non-zero status, e.g. P4PORT invalid, or p4 not in path
+        die_bad_access("could not run p4")
+
+    code = result.get("code")
+    if not code:
+        # we get here if we couldn't connect and there was nothing to unmarshal
+        die_bad_access("could not connect")
+
+    elif code == "stat":
+        expiry = result.get("TicketExpiration")
+        if expiry:
+            expiry = int(expiry)
+            if expiry > min_expiration:
+                # ok to carry on
+                return
+            else:
+                die_bad_access("perforce ticket expires in {0} seconds".format(expiry))
+
+        else:
+            # account without a timeout - all ok
+            return
+
+    elif code == "error":
+        data = result.get("data")
+        if data:
+            die_bad_access("p4 error: {0}".format(data))
+        else:
+            die_bad_access("unknown error")
+    else:
+        die_bad_access("unknown error code {0}".format(code))
+
 _p4_version_string = None
 def p4_version_string():
     """Read the version string, showing just the last line, which
@@ -237,8 +367,8 @@ def p4_add(f):
 def p4_delete(f):
     p4_system(["delete", wildcard_encode(f)])
 
-def p4_edit(f):
-    p4_system(["edit", wildcard_encode(f)])
+def p4_edit(f, *options):
+    p4_system(["edit"] + list(options) + [wildcard_encode(f)])
 
 def p4_revert(f):
     p4_system(["revert", wildcard_encode(f)])
@@ -246,15 +376,28 @@ def p4_revert(f):
 def p4_reopen(type, f):
     p4_system(["reopen", "-t", type, wildcard_encode(f)])
 
+def p4_reopen_in_change(changelist, files):
+    cmd = ["reopen", "-c", str(changelist)] + files
+    p4_system(cmd)
+
 def p4_move(src, dest):
     p4_system(["move", "-k", wildcard_encode(src), wildcard_encode(dest)])
 
-def p4_describe(change):
+def p4_last_change():
+    results = p4CmdList(["changes", "-m", "1"], skip_info=True)
+    return int(results[0]['change'])
+
+def p4_describe(change, shelved=False):
     """Make sure it returns a valid result by checking for
        the presence of field "time".  Return a dict of the
        results."""
 
-    ds = p4CmdList(["describe", "-s", str(change)])
+    cmd = ["describe", "-s"]
+    if shelved:
+        cmd += ["-S"]
+    cmd += [str(change)]
+
+    ds = p4CmdList(cmd, skip_info=True)
     if len(ds) != 1:
         die("p4 describe -s %d did not return 1 result: %s" % (change, str(ds)))
 
@@ -368,7 +511,7 @@ def getP4OpenedType(file):
     # Returns the perforce file type for the given file.
 
     result = p4_read_pipe(["opened", wildcard_encode(file)])
-    match = re.match(".*\((.+)\)\r?$", result)
+    match = re.match(".*\((.+)\)( \*exclusive\*)?\r?$", result)
     if match:
         return match.group(1)
     else:
@@ -439,10 +582,30 @@ def isModeExec(mode):
     # otherwise False.
     return mode[-3:] == "755"
 
+class P4Exception(Exception):
+    """ Base class for exceptions from the p4 client """
+    def __init__(self, exit_code):
+        self.p4ExitCode = exit_code
+
+class P4ServerException(P4Exception):
+    """ Base class for exceptions where we get some kind of marshalled up result from the server """
+    def __init__(self, exit_code, p4_result):
+        super(P4ServerException, self).__init__(exit_code)
+        self.p4_result = p4_result
+        self.code = p4_result[0]['code']
+        self.data = p4_result[0]['data']
+
+class P4RequestSizeException(P4ServerException):
+    """ One of the maxresults or maxscanrows errors """
+    def __init__(self, exit_code, p4_result, limit):
+        super(P4RequestSizeException, self).__init__(exit_code, p4_result)
+        self.limit = limit
+
 def isModeExecChanged(src_mode, dst_mode):
     return isModeExec(src_mode) != isModeExec(dst_mode)
 
-def p4CmdList(cmd, stdin=None, stdin_mode='w+b', cb=None):
+def p4CmdList(cmd, stdin=None, stdin_mode='w+b', cb=None, skip_info=False,
+        errors_as_exceptions=False):
 
     if isinstance(cmd,basestring):
         cmd = "-G " + cmd
@@ -478,6 +641,9 @@ def p4CmdList(cmd, stdin=None, stdin_mode='w+b', cb=None):
     try:
         while True:
             entry = marshal.load(p4.stdout)
+            if skip_info:
+                if 'code' in entry and entry['code'] == 'info':
+                    continue
             if cb is not None:
                 cb(entry)
             else:
@@ -486,9 +652,25 @@ def p4CmdList(cmd, stdin=None, stdin_mode='w+b', cb=None):
         pass
     exitCode = p4.wait()
     if exitCode != 0:
-        entry = {}
-        entry["p4ExitCode"] = exitCode
-        result.append(entry)
+        if errors_as_exceptions:
+            if len(result) > 0:
+                data = result[0].get('data')
+                if data:
+                    m = re.search('Too many rows scanned \(over (\d+)\)', data)
+                    if not m:
+                        m = re.search('Request too large \(over (\d+)\)', data)
+
+                    if m:
+                        limit = int(m.group(1))
+                        raise P4RequestSizeException(exitCode, result, limit)
+
+                raise P4ServerException(exitCode, result)
+            else:
+                raise P4Exception(exitCode)
+        else:
+            entry = {}
+            entry["p4ExitCode"] = exitCode
+            result.append(entry)
 
     return result
 
@@ -502,12 +684,14 @@ def p4Cmd(cmd):
 def p4Where(depotPath):
     if not depotPath.endswith("/"):
         depotPath += "/"
-    depotPath = depotPath + "..."
-    outputList = p4CmdList(["where", depotPath])
+    depotPathLong = depotPath + "..."
+    outputList = p4CmdList(["where", depotPathLong])
     output = None
     for entry in outputList:
         if "depotFile" in entry:
-            if entry["depotFile"] == depotPath:
+            # Search for the base client side depot path, as long as it starts with the branch's P4 path.
+            # The base path always ends with "/...".
+            if entry["depotFile"].find(depotPath) == 0 and entry["depotFile"][-4:] == "/...":
                 output = entry
                 break
         elif "data" in entry:
@@ -533,13 +717,10 @@ def p4Where(depotPath):
     return clientPath
 
 def currentGitBranch():
-    return read_pipe("git name-rev HEAD").split(" ")[1].strip()
+    return read_pipe_text(["git", "symbolic-ref", "--short", "-q", "HEAD"])
 
 def isValidGitDir(path):
-    if (os.path.exists(path + "/HEAD")
-        and os.path.exists(path + "/refs") and os.path.exists(path + "/objects")):
-        return True;
-    return False
+    return git_dir(path) != None
 
 def parseRevision(ref):
     return read_pipe("git rev-parse %s" % ref).strip()
@@ -593,11 +774,20 @@ def gitBranchExists(branch):
                             stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE);
     return proc.wait() == 0;
 
+def gitUpdateRef(ref, newvalue):
+    subprocess.check_call(["git", "update-ref", ref, newvalue])
+
+def gitDeleteRef(ref):
+    subprocess.check_call(["git", "update-ref", "-d", ref])
+
 _gitConfig = {}
 
-def gitConfig(key):
-    if not _gitConfig.has_key(key):
-        cmd = [ "git", "config", key ]
+def gitConfig(key, typeSpecifier=None):
+    if key not in _gitConfig:
+        cmd = [ "git", "config" ]
+        if typeSpecifier:
+            cmd += [ typeSpecifier ]
+        cmd += [ key ]
         s = read_pipe(cmd, ignore_error=True)
         _gitConfig[key] = s.strip()
     return _gitConfig[key]
@@ -607,17 +797,27 @@ def gitConfigBool(key):
        variable is set to true, and False if set to false or not present
        in the config."""
 
-    if not _gitConfig.has_key(key):
-        cmd = [ "git", "config", "--bool", key ]
+    if key not in _gitConfig:
+        _gitConfig[key] = gitConfig(key, '--bool') == "true"
+    return _gitConfig[key]
+
+def gitConfigInt(key):
+    if key not in _gitConfig:
+        cmd = [ "git", "config", "--int", key ]
         s = read_pipe(cmd, ignore_error=True)
         v = s.strip()
-        _gitConfig[key] = v == "true"
+        try:
+            _gitConfig[key] = int(gitConfig(key, '--int'))
+        except ValueError:
+            _gitConfig[key] = None
     return _gitConfig[key]
 
 def gitConfigList(key):
-    if not _gitConfig.has_key(key):
+    if key not in _gitConfig:
         s = read_pipe(["git", "config", "--get-all", key], ignore_error=True)
-        _gitConfig[key] = s.strip().split(os.linesep)
+        _gitConfig[key] = s.strip().splitlines()
+        if _gitConfig[key] == ['']:
+            _gitConfig[key] = []
     return _gitConfig[key]
 
 def p4BranchesInGit(branchesAreInRemotes=True):
@@ -671,7 +871,7 @@ def findUpstreamBranchPoint(head = "HEAD"):
         tip = branches[branch]
         log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(tip)
         settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
-        if settings.has_key("depot-paths"):
+        if "depot-paths" in settings:
             paths = ",".join(settings["depot-paths"])
             branchByDepotPath[paths] = "remotes/p4/" + branch
 
@@ -681,9 +881,9 @@ def findUpstreamBranchPoint(head = "HEAD"):
         commit = head + "~%s" % parent
         log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(commit)
         settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
-        if settings.has_key("depot-paths"):
+        if "depot-paths" in settings:
             paths = ",".join(settings["depot-paths"])
-            if branchByDepotPath.has_key(paths):
+            if paths in branchByDepotPath:
                 return [branchByDepotPath[paths], settings]
 
         parent = parent + 1
@@ -692,7 +892,7 @@ def findUpstreamBranchPoint(head = "HEAD"):
 
 def createOrUpdateBranchesFromOrigin(localRefPrefix = "refs/remotes/p4/", silent=True):
     if not silent:
-        print ("Creating/updating branch(es) in %s based on origin branch(es)"
+        print("Creating/updating branch(es) in %s based on origin branch(es)"
                % localRefPrefix)
 
     originPrefix = "origin/p4/"
@@ -707,29 +907,29 @@ def createOrUpdateBranchesFromOrigin(localRefPrefix = "refs/remotes/p4/", silent
         originHead = line
 
         original = extractSettingsGitLog(extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(originHead))
-        if (not original.has_key('depot-paths')
-            or not original.has_key('change')):
+        if ('depot-paths' not in original
+            or 'change' not in original):
             continue
 
         update = False
         if not gitBranchExists(remoteHead):
             if verbose:
-                print "creating %s" % remoteHead
+                print("creating %s" % remoteHead)
             update = True
         else:
             settings = extractSettingsGitLog(extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(remoteHead))
-            if settings.has_key('change') > 0:
+            if 'change' in settings:
                 if settings['depot-paths'] == original['depot-paths']:
                     originP4Change = int(original['change'])
                     p4Change = int(settings['change'])
                     if originP4Change > p4Change:
-                        print ("%s (%s) is newer than %s (%s). "
+                        print("%s (%s) is newer than %s (%s). "
                                "Updating p4 branch from origin."
                                % (originHead, originP4Change,
                                   remoteHead, p4Change))
                         update = True
                 else:
-                    print ("Ignoring: %s was imported from %s while "
+                    print("Ignoring: %s was imported from %s while "
                            "%s was imported from %s"
                            % (originHead, ','.join(original['depot-paths']),
                               remoteHead, ','.join(settings['depot-paths'])))
@@ -740,21 +940,98 @@ def createOrUpdateBranchesFromOrigin(localRefPrefix = "refs/remotes/p4/", silent
 def originP4BranchesExist():
         return gitBranchExists("origin") or gitBranchExists("origin/p4") or gitBranchExists("origin/p4/master")
 
-def p4ChangesForPaths(depotPaths, changeRange):
+
+def p4ParseNumericChangeRange(parts):
+    changeStart = int(parts[0][1:])
+    if parts[1] == '#head':
+        changeEnd = p4_last_change()
+    else:
+        changeEnd = int(parts[1])
+
+    return (changeStart, changeEnd)
+
+def chooseBlockSize(blockSize):
+    if blockSize:
+        return blockSize
+    else:
+        return defaultBlockSize
+
+def p4ChangesForPaths(depotPaths, changeRange, requestedBlockSize):
     assert depotPaths
-    cmd = ['changes']
-    for p in depotPaths:
-        cmd += ["%s...%s" % (p, changeRange)]
-    output = p4_read_pipe_lines(cmd)
 
-    changes = {}
-    for line in output:
-        changeNum = int(line.split(" ")[1])
-        changes[changeNum] = True
+    # Parse the change range into start and end. Try to find integer
+    # revision ranges as these can be broken up into blocks to avoid
+    # hitting server-side limits (maxrows, maxscanresults). But if
+    # that doesn't work, fall back to using the raw revision specifier
+    # strings, without using block mode.
+
+    if changeRange is None or changeRange == '':
+        changeStart = 1
+        changeEnd = p4_last_change()
+        block_size = chooseBlockSize(requestedBlockSize)
+    else:
+        parts = changeRange.split(',')
+        assert len(parts) == 2
+        try:
+            (changeStart, changeEnd) = p4ParseNumericChangeRange(parts)
+            block_size = chooseBlockSize(requestedBlockSize)
+        except ValueError:
+            changeStart = parts[0][1:]
+            changeEnd = parts[1]
+            if requestedBlockSize:
+                die("cannot use --changes-block-size with non-numeric revisions")
+            block_size = None
+
+    changes = set()
+
+    # Retrieve changes a block at a time, to prevent running
+    # into a MaxResults/MaxScanRows error from the server. If
+    # we _do_ hit one of those errors, turn down the block size
+
+    while True:
+        cmd = ['changes']
+
+        if block_size:
+            end = min(changeEnd, changeStart + block_size)
+            revisionRange = "%d,%d" % (changeStart, end)
+        else:
+            revisionRange = "%s,%s" % (changeStart, changeEnd)
+
+        for p in depotPaths:
+            cmd += ["%s...@%s" % (p, revisionRange)]
+
+        # fetch the changes
+        try:
+            result = p4CmdList(cmd, errors_as_exceptions=True)
+        except P4RequestSizeException as e:
+            if not block_size:
+                block_size = e.limit
+            elif block_size > e.limit:
+                block_size = e.limit
+            else:
+                block_size = max(2, block_size // 2)
+
+            if verbose: print("block size error, retrying with block size {0}".format(block_size))
+            continue
+        except P4Exception as e:
+            die('Error retrieving changes description ({0})'.format(e.p4ExitCode))
+
+        # Insert changes in chronological order
+        for entry in reversed(result):
+            if 'change' not in entry:
+                continue
+            changes.add(int(entry['change']))
+
+        if not block_size:
+            break
+
+        if end >= changeEnd:
+            break
+
+        changeStart = end + 1
 
-    changelist = changes.keys()
-    changelist.sort()
-    return changelist
+    changes = sorted(changes)
+    return changes
 
 def p4PathStartsWith(path, prefix):
     # This method tries to remedy a potential mixed-case issue:
@@ -840,12 +1117,206 @@ def wildcard_present(path):
     m = re.search("[*#@%]", path)
     return m is not None
 
+class LargeFileSystem(object):
+    """Base class for large file system support."""
+
+    def __init__(self, writeToGitStream):
+        self.largeFiles = set()
+        self.writeToGitStream = writeToGitStream
+
+    def generatePointer(self, cloneDestination, contentFile):
+        """Return the content of a pointer file that is stored in Git instead of
+           the actual content."""
+        assert False, "Method 'generatePointer' required in " + self.__class__.__name__
+
+    def pushFile(self, localLargeFile):
+        """Push the actual content which is not stored in the Git repository to
+           a server."""
+        assert False, "Method 'pushFile' required in " + self.__class__.__name__
+
+    def hasLargeFileExtension(self, relPath):
+        return reduce(
+            lambda a, b: a or b,
+            [relPath.endswith('.' + e) for e in gitConfigList('git-p4.largeFileExtensions')],
+            False
+        )
+
+    def generateTempFile(self, contents):
+        contentFile = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(prefix='git-p4-large-file', delete=False)
+        for d in contents:
+            contentFile.write(d)
+        contentFile.close()
+        return contentFile.name
+
+    def exceedsLargeFileThreshold(self, relPath, contents):
+        if gitConfigInt('git-p4.largeFileThreshold'):
+            contentsSize = sum(len(d) for d in contents)
+            if contentsSize > gitConfigInt('git-p4.largeFileThreshold'):
+                return True
+        if gitConfigInt('git-p4.largeFileCompressedThreshold'):
+            contentsSize = sum(len(d) for d in contents)
+            if contentsSize <= gitConfigInt('git-p4.largeFileCompressedThreshold'):
+                return False
+            contentTempFile = self.generateTempFile(contents)
+            compressedContentFile = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(prefix='git-p4-large-file', delete=False)
+            zf = zipfile.ZipFile(compressedContentFile.name, mode='w')
+            zf.write(contentTempFile, compress_type=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
+            zf.close()
+            compressedContentsSize = zf.infolist()[0].compress_size
+            os.remove(contentTempFile)
+            os.remove(compressedContentFile.name)
+            if compressedContentsSize > gitConfigInt('git-p4.largeFileCompressedThreshold'):
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def addLargeFile(self, relPath):
+        self.largeFiles.add(relPath)
+
+    def removeLargeFile(self, relPath):
+        self.largeFiles.remove(relPath)
+
+    def isLargeFile(self, relPath):
+        return relPath in self.largeFiles
+
+    def processContent(self, git_mode, relPath, contents):
+        """Processes the content of git fast import. This method decides if a
+           file is stored in the large file system and handles all necessary
+           steps."""
+        if self.exceedsLargeFileThreshold(relPath, contents) or self.hasLargeFileExtension(relPath):
+            contentTempFile = self.generateTempFile(contents)
+            (pointer_git_mode, contents, localLargeFile) = self.generatePointer(contentTempFile)
+            if pointer_git_mode:
+                git_mode = pointer_git_mode
+            if localLargeFile:
+                # Move temp file to final location in large file system
+                largeFileDir = os.path.dirname(localLargeFile)
+                if not os.path.isdir(largeFileDir):
+                    os.makedirs(largeFileDir)
+                shutil.move(contentTempFile, localLargeFile)
+                self.addLargeFile(relPath)
+                if gitConfigBool('git-p4.largeFilePush'):
+                    self.pushFile(localLargeFile)
+                if verbose:
+                    sys.stderr.write("%s moved to large file system (%s)\n" % (relPath, localLargeFile))
+        return (git_mode, contents)
+
+class MockLFS(LargeFileSystem):
+    """Mock large file system for testing."""
+
+    def generatePointer(self, contentFile):
+        """The pointer content is the original content prefixed with "pointer-".
+           The local filename of the large file storage is derived from the file content.
+           """
+        with open(contentFile, 'r') as f:
+            content = next(f)
+            gitMode = '100644'
+            pointerContents = 'pointer-' + content
+            localLargeFile = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), '.git', 'mock-storage', 'local', content[:-1])
+            return (gitMode, pointerContents, localLargeFile)
+
+    def pushFile(self, localLargeFile):
+        """The remote filename of the large file storage is the same as the local
+           one but in a different directory.
+           """
+        remotePath = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(localLargeFile), '..', 'remote')
+        if not os.path.exists(remotePath):
+            os.makedirs(remotePath)
+        shutil.copyfile(localLargeFile, os.path.join(remotePath, os.path.basename(localLargeFile)))
+
+class GitLFS(LargeFileSystem):
+    """Git LFS as backend for the git-p4 large file system.
+       See https://git-lfs.github.com/ for details."""
+
+    def __init__(self, *args):
+        LargeFileSystem.__init__(self, *args)
+        self.baseGitAttributes = []
+
+    def generatePointer(self, contentFile):
+        """Generate a Git LFS pointer for the content. Return LFS Pointer file
+           mode and content which is stored in the Git repository instead of
+           the actual content. Return also the new location of the actual
+           content.
+           """
+        if os.path.getsize(contentFile) == 0:
+            return (None, '', None)
+
+        pointerProcess = subprocess.Popen(
+            ['git', 'lfs', 'pointer', '--file=' + contentFile],
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE
+        )
+        pointerFile = pointerProcess.stdout.read()
+        if pointerProcess.wait():
+            os.remove(contentFile)
+            die('git-lfs pointer command failed. Did you install the extension?')
+
+        # Git LFS removed the preamble in the output of the 'pointer' command
+        # starting from version 1.2.0. Check for the preamble here to support
+        # earlier versions.
+        # c.f. https://github.com/github/git-lfs/commit/da2935d9a739592bc775c98d8ef4df9c72ea3b43
+        if pointerFile.startswith('Git LFS pointer for'):
+            pointerFile = re.sub(r'Git LFS pointer for.*\n\n', '', pointerFile)
+
+        oid = re.search(r'^oid \w+:(\w+)', pointerFile, re.MULTILINE).group(1)
+        localLargeFile = os.path.join(
+            os.getcwd(),
+            '.git', 'lfs', 'objects', oid[:2], oid[2:4],
+            oid,
+        )
+        # LFS Spec states that pointer files should not have the executable bit set.
+        gitMode = '100644'
+        return (gitMode, pointerFile, localLargeFile)
+
+    def pushFile(self, localLargeFile):
+        uploadProcess = subprocess.Popen(
+            ['git', 'lfs', 'push', '--object-id', 'origin', os.path.basename(localLargeFile)]
+        )
+        if uploadProcess.wait():
+            die('git-lfs push command failed. Did you define a remote?')
+
+    def generateGitAttributes(self):
+        return (
+            self.baseGitAttributes +
+            [
+                '\n',
+                '#\n',
+                '# Git LFS (see https://git-lfs.github.com/)\n',
+                '#\n',
+            ] +
+            ['*.' + f.replace(' ', '[[:space:]]') + ' filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text\n'
+                for f in sorted(gitConfigList('git-p4.largeFileExtensions'))
+            ] +
+            ['/' + f.replace(' ', '[[:space:]]') + ' filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text\n'
+                for f in sorted(self.largeFiles) if not self.hasLargeFileExtension(f)
+            ]
+        )
+
+    def addLargeFile(self, relPath):
+        LargeFileSystem.addLargeFile(self, relPath)
+        self.writeToGitStream('100644', '.gitattributes', self.generateGitAttributes())
+
+    def removeLargeFile(self, relPath):
+        LargeFileSystem.removeLargeFile(self, relPath)
+        self.writeToGitStream('100644', '.gitattributes', self.generateGitAttributes())
+
+    def processContent(self, git_mode, relPath, contents):
+        if relPath == '.gitattributes':
+            self.baseGitAttributes = contents
+            return (git_mode, self.generateGitAttributes())
+        else:
+            return LargeFileSystem.processContent(self, git_mode, relPath, contents)
+
 class Command:
     def __init__(self):
         self.usage = "usage: %prog [options]"
         self.needsGit = True
         self.verbose = False
 
+    # This is required for the "append" cloneExclude action
+    def ensure_value(self, attr, value):
+        if not hasattr(self, attr) or getattr(self, attr) is None:
+            setattr(self, attr, value)
+        return getattr(self, attr)
+
 class P4UserMap:
     def __init__(self):
         self.userMapFromPerforceServer = False
@@ -857,7 +1328,7 @@ class P4UserMap:
 
         results = p4CmdList("user -o")
         for r in results:
-            if r.has_key('User'):
+            if 'User' in r:
                 self.myP4UserId = r['User']
                 return r['User']
         die("Could not find your p4 user id")
@@ -881,11 +1352,20 @@ class P4UserMap:
         self.emails = {}
 
         for output in p4CmdList("users"):
-            if not output.has_key("User"):
+            if "User" not in output:
                 continue
             self.users[output["User"]] = output["FullName"] + " <" + output["Email"] + ">"
             self.emails[output["Email"]] = output["User"]
 
+        mapUserConfigRegex = re.compile(r"^\s*(\S+)\s*=\s*(.+)\s*<(\S+)>\s*$", re.VERBOSE)
+        for mapUserConfig in gitConfigList("git-p4.mapUser"):
+            mapUser = mapUserConfigRegex.findall(mapUserConfig)
+            if mapUser and len(mapUser[0]) == 3:
+                user = mapUser[0][0]
+                fullname = mapUser[0][1]
+                email = mapUser[0][2]
+                self.users[user] = fullname + " <" + email + ">"
+                self.emails[email] = user
 
         s = ''
         for (key, val) in self.users.items():
@@ -917,9 +1397,9 @@ class P4Debug(Command):
     def run(self, args):
         j = 0
         for output in p4CmdList(args):
-            print 'Element: %d' % j
+            print('Element: %d' % j)
             j += 1
-            print output
+            print(output)
         return True
 
 class P4RollBack(Command):
@@ -960,14 +1440,14 @@ class P4RollBack(Command):
 
                 if len(p4Cmd("changes -m 1 "  + ' '.join (['%s...@%s' % (p, maxChange)
                                                            for p in depotPaths]))) == 0:
-                    print "Branch %s did not exist at change %s, deleting." % (ref, maxChange)
+                    print("Branch %s did not exist at change %s, deleting." % (ref, maxChange))
                     system("git update-ref -d %s `git rev-parse %s`" % (ref, ref))
                     continue
 
                 while change and int(change) > maxChange:
                     changed = True
                     if self.verbose:
-                        print "%s is at %s ; rewinding towards %s" % (ref, change, maxChange)
+                        print("%s is at %s ; rewinding towards %s" % (ref, change, maxChange))
                     system("git update-ref %s \"%s^\"" % (ref, ref))
                     log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(ref)
                     settings =  extractSettingsGitLog(log)
@@ -977,7 +1457,7 @@ class P4RollBack(Command):
                     change = settings['change']
 
                 if changed:
-                    print "%s rewound to %s" % (ref, change)
+                    print("%s rewound to %s" % (ref, change))
 
         return True
 
@@ -999,13 +1479,38 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
                 optparse.make_option("--conflict", dest="conflict_behavior",
                                      choices=self.conflict_behavior_choices),
                 optparse.make_option("--branch", dest="branch"),
+                optparse.make_option("--shelve", dest="shelve", action="store_true",
+                                     help="Shelve instead of submit. Shelved files are reverted, "
+                                     "restoring the workspace to the state before the shelve"),
+                optparse.make_option("--update-shelve", dest="update_shelve", action="append", type="int",
+                                     metavar="CHANGELIST",
+                                     help="update an existing shelved changelist, implies --shelve, "
+                                           "repeat in-order for multiple shelved changelists"),
+                optparse.make_option("--commit", dest="commit", metavar="COMMIT",
+                                     help="submit only the specified commit(s), one commit or xxx..xxx"),
+                optparse.make_option("--disable-rebase", dest="disable_rebase", action="store_true",
+                                     help="Disable rebase after submit is completed. Can be useful if you "
+                                     "work from a local git branch that is not master"),
+                optparse.make_option("--disable-p4sync", dest="disable_p4sync", action="store_true",
+                                     help="Skip Perforce sync of p4/master after submit or shelve"),
         ]
-        self.description = "Submit changes from git to the perforce depot."
+        self.description = """Submit changes from git to the perforce depot.\n
+    The `p4-pre-submit` hook is executed if it exists and is executable.
+    The hook takes no parameters and nothing from standard input. Exiting with
+    non-zero status from this script prevents `git-p4 submit` from launching.
+
+    One usage scenario is to run unit tests in the hook."""
+
         self.usage += " [name of git branch to submit into perforce depot]"
         self.origin = ""
         self.detectRenames = False
         self.preserveUser = gitConfigBool("git-p4.preserveUser")
         self.dry_run = False
+        self.shelve = False
+        self.update_shelve = list()
+        self.commit = ""
+        self.disable_rebase = gitConfigBool("git-p4.disableRebase")
+        self.disable_p4sync = gitConfigBool("git-p4.disableP4Sync")
         self.prepare_p4_only = False
         self.conflict_behavior = None
         self.isWindows = (platform.system() == "Windows")
@@ -1013,6 +1518,9 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
         self.p4HasMoveCommand = p4_has_move_command()
         self.branch = None
 
+        if gitConfig('git-p4.largeFileSystem'):
+            die("Large file system not supported for git-p4 submit command. Please remove it from config.")
+
     def check(self):
         if len(p4CmdList("opened ...")) > 0:
             die("You have files opened with perforce! Close them before starting the sync.")
@@ -1091,10 +1599,10 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
         except:
             # cleanup our temporary file
             os.unlink(outFileName)
-            print "Failed to strip RCS keywords in %s" % file
+            print("Failed to strip RCS keywords in %s" % file)
             raise
 
-        print "Patched up RCS keywords in %s" % file
+        print("Patched up RCS keywords in %s" % file)
 
     def p4UserForCommit(self,id):
         # Return the tuple (perforce user,git email) for a given git commit id
@@ -1102,7 +1610,7 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
         gitEmail = read_pipe(["git", "log", "--max-count=1",
                               "--format=%ae", id])
         gitEmail = gitEmail.strip()
-        if not self.emails.has_key(gitEmail):
+        if gitEmail not in self.emails:
             return (None,gitEmail)
         else:
             return (self.emails[gitEmail],gitEmail)
@@ -1114,7 +1622,7 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
             if not user:
                 msg = "Cannot find p4 user for email %s in commit %s." % (email, id)
                 if gitConfigBool("git-p4.allowMissingP4Users"):
-                    print "%s" % msg
+                    print("%s" % msg)
                 else:
                     die("Error: %s\nSet git-p4.allowMissingP4Users to true to allow this." % msg)
 
@@ -1126,14 +1634,14 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
         results = p4CmdList("client -o")        # find the current client
         client = None
         for r in results:
-            if r.has_key('Client'):
+            if 'Client' in r:
                 client = r['Client']
                 break
         if not client:
             die("could not get client spec")
         results = p4CmdList(["changes", "-c", client, "-m", "1"])
         for r in results:
-            if r.has_key('change'):
+            if 'change' in r:
                 return r['change']
         die("Could not get changelist number for last submit - cannot patch up user details")
 
@@ -1151,10 +1659,10 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
 
         result = p4CmdList("change -f -i", stdin=input)
         for r in result:
-            if r.has_key('code'):
+            if 'code' in r:
                 if r['code'] == 'error':
                     die("Could not modify user field of changelist %s to %s:%s" % (changelist, newUser, r['data']))
-            if r.has_key('data'):
+            if 'data' in r:
                 print("Updated user field for changelist %s to %s" % (changelist, newUser))
                 return
         die("Could not modify user field of changelist %s to %s" % (changelist, newUser))
@@ -1164,14 +1672,14 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
         # which are required to modify changelists.
         results = p4CmdList(["protects", self.depotPath])
         for r in results:
-            if r.has_key('perm'):
+            if 'perm' in r:
                 if r['perm'] == 'admin':
                     return 1
                 if r['perm'] == 'super':
                     return 1
         return 0
 
-    def prepareSubmitTemplate(self):
+    def prepareSubmitTemplate(self, changelist=None):
         """Run "p4 change -o" to grab a change specification template.
            This does not use "p4 -G", as it is nice to keep the submission
            template in original order, since a human might edit it.
@@ -1179,28 +1687,64 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
            Remove lines in the Files section that show changes to files
            outside the depot path we're committing into."""
 
-        template = ""
+        [upstream, settings] = findUpstreamBranchPoint()
+
+        template = """\
+# A Perforce Change Specification.
+#
+#  Change:      The change number. 'new' on a new changelist.
+#  Date:        The date this specification was last modified.
+#  Client:      The client on which the changelist was created.  Read-only.
+#  User:        The user who created the changelist.
+#  Status:      Either 'pending' or 'submitted'. Read-only.
+#  Type:        Either 'public' or 'restricted'. Default is 'public'.
+#  Description: Comments about the changelist.  Required.
+#  Jobs:        What opened jobs are to be closed by this changelist.
+#               You may delete jobs from this list.  (New changelists only.)
+#  Files:       What opened files from the default changelist are to be added
+#               to this changelist.  You may delete files from this list.
+#               (New changelists only.)
+"""
+        files_list = []
         inFilesSection = False
-        for line in p4_read_pipe_lines(['change', '-o']):
-            if line.endswith("\r\n"):
-                line = line[:-2] + "\n"
-            if inFilesSection:
-                if line.startswith("\t"):
-                    # path starts and ends with a tab
-                    path = line[1:]
-                    lastTab = path.rfind("\t")
-                    if lastTab != -1:
-                        path = path[:lastTab]
-                        if not p4PathStartsWith(path, self.depotPath):
-                            continue
+        change_entry = None
+        args = ['change', '-o']
+        if changelist:
+            args.append(str(changelist))
+        for entry in p4CmdList(args):
+            if 'code' not in entry:
+                continue
+            if entry['code'] == 'stat':
+                change_entry = entry
+                break
+        if not change_entry:
+            die('Failed to decode output of p4 change -o')
+        for key, value in change_entry.iteritems():
+            if key.startswith('File'):
+                if 'depot-paths' in settings:
+                    if not [p for p in settings['depot-paths']
+                            if p4PathStartsWith(value, p)]:
+                        continue
                 else:
-                    inFilesSection = False
-            else:
-                if line.startswith("Files:"):
-                    inFilesSection = True
-
-            template += line
-
+                    if not p4PathStartsWith(value, self.depotPath):
+                        continue
+                files_list.append(value)
+                continue
+        # Output in the order expected by prepareLogMessage
+        for key in ['Change', 'Client', 'User', 'Status', 'Description', 'Jobs']:
+            if key not in change_entry:
+                continue
+            template += '\n'
+            template += key + ':'
+            if key == 'Description':
+                template += '\n'
+            for field_line in change_entry[key].splitlines():
+                template += '\t'+field_line+'\n'
+        if len(files_list) > 0:
+            template += '\n'
+            template += 'Files:\n'
+        for path in files_list:
+            template += '\t'+path+'\n'
         return template
 
     def edit_template(self, template_file):
@@ -1216,11 +1760,11 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
         mtime = os.stat(template_file).st_mtime
 
         # invoke the editor
-        if os.environ.has_key("P4EDITOR") and (os.environ.get("P4EDITOR") != ""):
+        if "P4EDITOR" in os.environ and (os.environ.get("P4EDITOR") != ""):
             editor = os.environ.get("P4EDITOR")
         else:
             editor = read_pipe("git var GIT_EDITOR").strip()
-        system([editor, template_file])
+        system(["sh", "-c", ('%s "$@"' % editor), editor, template_file])
 
         # If the file was not saved, prompt to see if this patch should
         # be skipped.  But skip this verification step if configured so.
@@ -1238,9 +1782,9 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
             if response == 'n':
                 return False
 
-    def get_diff_description(self, editedFiles, filesToAdd):
+    def get_diff_description(self, editedFiles, filesToAdd, symlinks):
         # diff
-        if os.environ.has_key("P4DIFF"):
+        if "P4DIFF" in os.environ:
             del(os.environ["P4DIFF"])
         diff = ""
         for editedFile in editedFiles:
@@ -1253,32 +1797,44 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
             newdiff += "==== new file ====\n"
             newdiff += "--- /dev/null\n"
             newdiff += "+++ %s\n" % newFile
-            f = open(newFile, "r")
-            for line in f.readlines():
-                newdiff += "+" + line
-            f.close()
+
+            is_link = os.path.islink(newFile)
+            expect_link = newFile in symlinks
+
+            if is_link and expect_link:
+                newdiff += "+%s\n" % os.readlink(newFile)
+            else:
+                f = open(newFile, "r")
+                for line in f.readlines():
+                    newdiff += "+" + line
+                f.close()
 
         return (diff + newdiff).replace('\r\n', '\n')
 
     def applyCommit(self, id):
         """Apply one commit, return True if it succeeded."""
 
-        print "Applying", read_pipe(["git", "show", "-s",
-                                     "--format=format:%h %s", id])
+        print("Applying", read_pipe(["git", "show", "-s",
+                                     "--format=format:%h %s", id]))
 
         (p4User, gitEmail) = self.p4UserForCommit(id)
 
         diff = read_pipe_lines("git diff-tree -r %s \"%s^\" \"%s\"" % (self.diffOpts, id, id))
         filesToAdd = set()
+        filesToChangeType = set()
         filesToDelete = set()
         editedFiles = set()
         pureRenameCopy = set()
+        symlinks = set()
         filesToChangeExecBit = {}
+        all_files = list()
 
         for line in diff:
             diff = parseDiffTreeEntry(line)
             modifier = diff['status']
             path = diff['src']
+            all_files.append(path)
+
             if modifier == "M":
                 p4_edit(path)
                 if isModeExecChanged(diff['src_mode'], diff['dst_mode']):
@@ -1289,6 +1845,11 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
                 filesToChangeExecBit[path] = diff['dst_mode']
                 if path in filesToDelete:
                     filesToDelete.remove(path)
+
+                dst_mode = int(diff['dst_mode'], 8)
+                if dst_mode == 0o120000:
+                    symlinks.add(path)
+
             elif modifier == "D":
                 filesToDelete.add(path)
                 if path in filesToAdd:
@@ -1330,6 +1891,8 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
                     os.unlink(dest)
                     filesToDelete.add(src)
                 editedFiles.add(dest)
+            elif modifier == "T":
+                filesToChangeType.add(path)
             else:
                 die("unknown modifier %s for %s" % (modifier, path))
 
@@ -1342,7 +1905,7 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
         if os.system(tryPatchCmd) != 0:
             fixed_rcs_keywords = False
             patch_succeeded = False
-            print "Unfortunately applying the change failed!"
+            print("Unfortunately applying the change failed!")
 
             # Patch failed, maybe it's just RCS keyword woes. Look through
             # the patch to see if that's possible.
@@ -1360,13 +1923,13 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
                         for line in read_pipe_lines(["git", "diff", "%s^..%s" % (id, id), file]):
                             if regexp.search(line):
                                 if verbose:
-                                    print "got keyword match on %s in %s in %s" % (pattern, line, file)
+                                    print("got keyword match on %s in %s in %s" % (pattern, line, file))
                                 kwfiles[file] = pattern
                                 break
 
                 for file in kwfiles:
                     if verbose:
-                        print "zapping %s with %s" % (line,pattern)
+                        print("zapping %s with %s" % (line,pattern))
                     # File is being deleted, so not open in p4.  Must
                     # disable the read-only bit on windows.
                     if self.isWindows and file not in editedFiles:
@@ -1375,7 +1938,7 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
                     fixed_rcs_keywords = True
 
             if fixed_rcs_keywords:
-                print "Retrying the patch with RCS keywords cleaned up"
+                print("Retrying the patch with RCS keywords cleaned up")
                 if os.system(tryPatchCmd) == 0:
                     patch_succeeded = True
 
@@ -1389,6 +1952,8 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
         #
         system(applyPatchCmd)
 
+        for f in filesToChangeType:
+            p4_edit(f, "-t", "auto")
         for f in filesToAdd:
             p4_add(f)
         for f in filesToDelete:
@@ -1400,6 +1965,11 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
             mode = filesToChangeExecBit[f]
             setP4ExecBit(f, mode)
 
+        update_shelve = 0
+        if len(self.update_shelve) > 0:
+            update_shelve = self.update_shelve.pop(0)
+            p4_reopen_in_change(update_shelve, all_files)
+
         #
         # Build p4 change description, starting with the contents
         # of the git commit message.
@@ -1408,7 +1978,7 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
         logMessage = logMessage.strip()
         (logMessage, jobs) = self.separate_jobs_from_description(logMessage)
 
-        template = self.prepareSubmitTemplate()
+        template = self.prepareSubmitTemplate(update_shelve)
         submitTemplate = self.prepareLogMessage(template, logMessage, jobs)
 
         if self.preserveUser:
@@ -1422,7 +1992,7 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
         separatorLine = "######## everything below this line is just the diff #######\n"
         if not self.prepare_p4_only:
             submitTemplate += separatorLine
-            submitTemplate += self.get_diff_description(editedFiles, filesToAdd)
+            submitTemplate += self.get_diff_description(editedFiles, filesToAdd, symlinks)
 
         (handle, fileName) = tempfile.mkstemp()
         tmpFile = os.fdopen(handle, "w+b")
@@ -1436,77 +2006,87 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
             # Leave the p4 tree prepared, and the submit template around
             # and let the user decide what to do next
             #
-            print
-            print "P4 workspace prepared for submission."
-            print "To submit or revert, go to client workspace"
-            print "  " + self.clientPath
-            print
-            print "To submit, use \"p4 submit\" to write a new description,"
-            print "or \"p4 submit -i <%s\" to use the one prepared by" \
-                  " \"git p4\"." % fileName
-            print "You can delete the file \"%s\" when finished." % fileName
+            print()
+            print("P4 workspace prepared for submission.")
+            print("To submit or revert, go to client workspace")
+            print("  " + self.clientPath)
+            print()
+            print("To submit, use \"p4 submit\" to write a new description,")
+            print("or \"p4 submit -i <%s\" to use the one prepared by" \
+                  " \"git p4\"." % fileName)
+            print("You can delete the file \"%s\" when finished." % fileName)
 
             if self.preserveUser and p4User and not self.p4UserIsMe(p4User):
-                print "To preserve change ownership by user %s, you must\n" \
+                print("To preserve change ownership by user %s, you must\n" \
                       "do \"p4 change -f <change>\" after submitting and\n" \
-                      "edit the User field."
+                      "edit the User field.")
             if pureRenameCopy:
-                print "After submitting, renamed files must be re-synced."
-                print "Invoke \"p4 sync -f\" on each of these files:"
+                print("After submitting, renamed files must be re-synced.")
+                print("Invoke \"p4 sync -f\" on each of these files:")
                 for f in pureRenameCopy:
-                    print "  " + f
+                    print("  " + f)
 
-            print
-            print "To revert the changes, use \"p4 revert ...\", and delete"
-            print "the submit template file \"%s\"" % fileName
+            print()
+            print("To revert the changes, use \"p4 revert ...\", and delete")
+            print("the submit template file \"%s\"" % fileName)
             if filesToAdd:
-                print "Since the commit adds new files, they must be deleted:"
+                print("Since the commit adds new files, they must be deleted:")
                 for f in filesToAdd:
-                    print "  " + f
-            print
+                    print("  " + f)
+            print()
             return True
 
         #
         # Let the user edit the change description, then submit it.
         #
-        if self.edit_template(fileName):
-            # read the edited message and submit
-            ret = True
-            tmpFile = open(fileName, "rb")
-            message = tmpFile.read()
-            tmpFile.close()
-            if self.isWindows:
-                message = message.replace("\r\n", "\n")
-            submitTemplate = message[:message.index(separatorLine)]
-            p4_write_pipe(['submit', '-i'], submitTemplate)
-
-            if self.preserveUser:
-                if p4User:
-                    # Get last changelist number. Cannot easily get it from
-                    # the submit command output as the output is
-                    # unmarshalled.
-                    changelist = self.lastP4Changelist()
-                    self.modifyChangelistUser(changelist, p4User)
-
-            # The rename/copy happened by applying a patch that created a
-            # new file.  This leaves it writable, which confuses p4.
-            for f in pureRenameCopy:
-                p4_sync(f, "-f")
+        submitted = False
 
-        else:
+        try:
+            if self.edit_template(fileName):
+                # read the edited message and submit
+                tmpFile = open(fileName, "rb")
+                message = tmpFile.read()
+                tmpFile.close()
+                if self.isWindows:
+                    message = message.replace("\r\n", "\n")
+                submitTemplate = message[:message.index(separatorLine)]
+
+                if update_shelve:
+                    p4_write_pipe(['shelve', '-r', '-i'], submitTemplate)
+                elif self.shelve:
+                    p4_write_pipe(['shelve', '-i'], submitTemplate)
+                else:
+                    p4_write_pipe(['submit', '-i'], submitTemplate)
+                    # The rename/copy happened by applying a patch that created a
+                    # new file.  This leaves it writable, which confuses p4.
+                    for f in pureRenameCopy:
+                        p4_sync(f, "-f")
+
+                if self.preserveUser:
+                    if p4User:
+                        # Get last changelist number. Cannot easily get it from
+                        # the submit command output as the output is
+                        # unmarshalled.
+                        changelist = self.lastP4Changelist()
+                        self.modifyChangelistUser(changelist, p4User)
+
+                submitted = True
+
+        finally:
             # skip this patch
-            ret = False
-            print "Submission cancelled, undoing p4 changes."
-            for f in editedFiles:
-                p4_revert(f)
-            for f in filesToAdd:
-                p4_revert(f)
-                os.remove(f)
-            for f in filesToDelete:
-                p4_revert(f)
+            if not submitted or self.shelve:
+                if self.shelve:
+                    print ("Reverting shelved files.")
+                else:
+                    print ("Submission cancelled, undoing p4 changes.")
+                for f in editedFiles | filesToDelete:
+                    p4_revert(f)
+                for f in filesToAdd:
+                    p4_revert(f)
+                    os.remove(f)
 
         os.remove(fileName)
-        return ret
+        return submitted
 
     # Export git tags as p4 labels. Create a p4 label and then tag
     # with that.
@@ -1520,17 +2100,17 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
 
             if not m.match(name):
                 if verbose:
-                    print "tag %s does not match regexp %s" % (name, validLabelRegexp)
+                    print("tag %s does not match regexp %s" % (name, validLabelRegexp))
                 continue
 
             # Get the p4 commit this corresponds to
             logMessage = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(name)
             values = extractSettingsGitLog(logMessage)
 
-            if not values.has_key('change'):
+            if 'change' not in values:
                 # a tag pointing to something not sent to p4; ignore
                 if verbose:
-                    print "git tag %s does not give a p4 commit" % name
+                    print("git tag %s does not give a p4 commit" % name)
                 continue
             else:
                 changelist = values['change']
@@ -1565,10 +2145,10 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
                 labelTemplate += "\t%s\n" % depot_side
 
             if self.dry_run:
-                print "Would create p4 label %s for tag" % name
+                print("Would create p4 label %s for tag" % name)
             elif self.prepare_p4_only:
-                print "Not creating p4 label %s for tag due to option" \
-                      " --prepare-p4-only" % name
+                print("Not creating p4 label %s for tag due to option" \
+                      " --prepare-p4-only" % name)
             else:
                 p4_write_pipe(["label", "-i"], labelTemplate)
 
@@ -1577,13 +2157,11 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
                           ["%s@%s" % (depot_side, changelist) for depot_side in clientSpec.mappings])
 
                 if verbose:
-                    print "created p4 label for tag %s" % name
+                    print("created p4 label for tag %s" % name)
 
     def run(self, args):
         if len(args) == 0:
             self.master = currentGitBranch()
-            if len(self.master) == 0 or not gitBranchExists("refs/heads/%s" % self.master):
-                die("Detecting current git branch failed!")
         elif len(args) == 1:
             self.master = args[0]
             if not branchExists(self.master):
@@ -1591,15 +2169,23 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
         else:
             return False
 
-        allowSubmit = gitConfig("git-p4.allowSubmit")
-        if len(allowSubmit) > 0 and not self.master in allowSubmit.split(","):
-            die("%s is not in git-p4.allowSubmit" % self.master)
+        for i in self.update_shelve:
+            if i <= 0:
+                sys.exit("invalid changelist %d" % i)
+
+        if self.master:
+            allowSubmit = gitConfig("git-p4.allowSubmit")
+            if len(allowSubmit) > 0 and not self.master in allowSubmit.split(","):
+                die("%s is not in git-p4.allowSubmit" % self.master)
 
         [upstream, settings] = findUpstreamBranchPoint()
         self.depotPath = settings['depot-paths'][0]
         if len(self.origin) == 0:
             self.origin = upstream
 
+        if len(self.update_shelve) > 0:
+            self.shelve = True
+
         if self.preserveUser:
             if not self.canChangeChangelists():
                 die("Cannot preserve user names without p4 super-user or admin permissions")
@@ -1615,10 +2201,10 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
             self.conflict_behavior = val
 
         if self.verbose:
-            print "Origin branch is " + self.origin
+            print("Origin branch is " + self.origin)
 
         if len(self.depotPath) == 0:
-            print "Internal error: cannot locate perforce depot path from existing branches"
+            print("Internal error: cannot locate perforce depot path from existing branches")
             sys.exit(128)
 
         self.useClientSpec = False
@@ -1627,7 +2213,10 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
         if self.useClientSpec:
             self.clientSpecDirs = getClientSpec()
 
-        if self.useClientSpec:
+        # Check for the existence of P4 branches
+        branchesDetected = (len(p4BranchesInGit().keys()) > 1)
+
+        if self.useClientSpec and not branchesDetected:
             # all files are relative to the client spec
             self.clientPath = getClientRoot()
         else:
@@ -1636,7 +2225,7 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
         if self.clientPath == "":
             die("Error: Cannot locate perforce checkout of %s in client view" % self.depotPath)
 
-        print "Perforce checkout for depot path %s located at %s" % (self.depotPath, self.clientPath)
+        print("Perforce checkout for depot path %s located at %s" % (self.depotPath, self.clientPath))
         self.oldWorkingDirectory = os.getcwd()
 
         # ensure the clientPath exists
@@ -1647,9 +2236,9 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
 
         chdir(self.clientPath, is_client_path=True)
         if self.dry_run:
-            print "Would synchronize p4 checkout in %s" % self.clientPath
+            print("Would synchronize p4 checkout in %s" % self.clientPath)
         else:
-            print "Synchronizing p4 checkout..."
+            print("Synchronizing p4 checkout...")
             if new_client_dir:
                 # old one was destroyed, and maybe nobody told p4
                 p4_sync("...", "-f")
@@ -1658,9 +2247,23 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
         self.check()
 
         commits = []
-        for line in read_pipe_lines(["git", "rev-list", "--no-merges", "%s..%s" % (self.origin, self.master)]):
-            commits.append(line.strip())
-        commits.reverse()
+        if self.master:
+            committish = self.master
+        else:
+            committish = 'HEAD'
+
+        if self.commit != "":
+            if self.commit.find("..") != -1:
+                limits_ish = self.commit.split("..")
+                for line in read_pipe_lines(["git", "rev-list", "--no-merges", "%s..%s" % (limits_ish[0], limits_ish[1])]):
+                    commits.append(line.strip())
+                commits.reverse()
+            else:
+                commits.append(self.commit)
+        else:
+            for line in read_pipe_lines(["git", "rev-list", "--no-merges", "%s..%s" % (self.origin, committish)]):
+                commits.append(line.strip())
+            commits.reverse()
 
         if self.preserveUser or gitConfigBool("git-p4.skipUserNameCheck"):
             self.checkAuthorship = False
@@ -1701,18 +2304,31 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
         if gitConfigBool("git-p4.detectCopiesHarder"):
             self.diffOpts += " --find-copies-harder"
 
+        num_shelves = len(self.update_shelve)
+        if num_shelves > 0 and num_shelves != len(commits):
+            sys.exit("number of commits (%d) must match number of shelved changelist (%d)" %
+                     (len(commits), num_shelves))
+
+        hooks_path = gitConfig("core.hooksPath")
+        if len(hooks_path) <= 0:
+            hooks_path = os.path.join(os.environ.get("GIT_DIR", ".git"), "hooks")
+
+        hook_file = os.path.join(hooks_path, "p4-pre-submit")
+        if os.path.isfile(hook_file) and os.access(hook_file, os.X_OK) and subprocess.call([hook_file]) != 0:
+            sys.exit(1)
+
         #
         # Apply the commits, one at a time.  On failure, ask if should
         # continue to try the rest of the patches, or quit.
         #
         if self.dry_run:
-            print "Would apply"
+            print("Would apply")
         applied = []
         last = len(commits) - 1
         for i, commit in enumerate(commits):
             if self.dry_run:
-                print " ", read_pipe(["git", "show", "-s",
-                                      "--format=format:%h %s", commit])
+                print(" ", read_pipe(["git", "show", "-s",
+                                      "--format=format:%h %s", commit]))
                 ok = True
             else:
                 ok = self.applyCommit(commit)
@@ -1720,15 +2336,15 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
                 applied.append(commit)
             else:
                 if self.prepare_p4_only and i < last:
-                    print "Processing only the first commit due to option" \
-                          " --prepare-p4-only"
+                    print("Processing only the first commit due to option" \
+                          " --prepare-p4-only")
                     break
                 if i < last:
                     quit = False
                     while True:
                         # prompt for what to do, or use the option/variable
                         if self.conflict_behavior == "ask":
-                            print "What do you want to do?"
+                            print("What do you want to do?")
                             response = raw_input("[s]kip this commit but apply"
                                                  " the rest, or [q]uit? ")
                             if not response:
@@ -1742,45 +2358,49 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
                                 self.conflict_behavior)
 
                         if response[0] == "s":
-                            print "Skipping this commit, but applying the rest"
+                            print("Skipping this commit, but applying the rest")
                             break
                         if response[0] == "q":
-                            print "Quitting"
+                            print("Quitting")
                             quit = True
                             break
                     if quit:
                         break
 
         chdir(self.oldWorkingDirectory)
-
+        shelved_applied = "shelved" if self.shelve else "applied"
         if self.dry_run:
             pass
         elif self.prepare_p4_only:
             pass
         elif len(commits) == len(applied):
-            print "All commits applied!"
+            print("All commits {0}!".format(shelved_applied))
 
             sync = P4Sync()
             if self.branch:
                 sync.branch = self.branch
-            sync.run([])
+            if self.disable_p4sync:
+                sync.sync_origin_only()
+            else:
+                sync.run([])
 
-            rebase = P4Rebase()
-            rebase.rebase()
+                if not self.disable_rebase:
+                    rebase = P4Rebase()
+                    rebase.rebase()
 
         else:
             if len(applied) == 0:
-                print "No commits applied."
+                print("No commits {0}.".format(shelved_applied))
             else:
-                print "Applied only the commits marked with '*':"
+                print("{0} only the commits marked with '*':".format(shelved_applied.capitalize()))
                 for c in commits:
                     if c in applied:
                         star = "*"
                     else:
                         star = " "
-                    print star, read_pipe(["git", "show", "-s",
-                                           "--format=format:%h %s",  c])
-                print "You will have to do 'git p4 sync' and rebase."
+                    print(star, read_pipe(["git", "show", "-s",
+                                           "--format=format:%h %s",  c]))
+                print("You will have to do 'git p4 sync' and rebase.")
 
         if gitConfigBool("git-p4.exportLabels"):
             self.exportLabels = True
@@ -1878,10 +2498,14 @@ class View(object):
             if "unmap" in res:
                 # it will list all of them, but only one not unmap-ped
                 continue
+            if gitConfigBool("core.ignorecase"):
+                res['depotFile'] = res['depotFile'].lower()
             self.client_spec_path_cache[res['depotFile']] = self.convert_client_path(res["clientFile"])
 
         # not found files or unmap files set to ""
         for depotFile in fileArgs:
+            if gitConfigBool("core.ignorecase"):
+                depotFile = depotFile.lower()
             if depotFile not in self.client_spec_path_cache:
                 self.client_spec_path_cache[depotFile] = ""
 
@@ -1890,6 +2514,9 @@ class View(object):
            depot file should live.  Returns "" if the file should
            not be mapped in the client."""
 
+        if gitConfigBool("core.ignorecase"):
+            depot_path = depot_path.lower()
+
         if depot_path in self.client_spec_path_cache:
             return self.client_spec_path_cache[depot_path]
 
@@ -1911,7 +2538,10 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
                 optparse.make_option("--import-labels", dest="importLabels", action="store_true"),
                 optparse.make_option("--import-local", dest="importIntoRemotes", action="store_false",
                                      help="Import into refs/heads/ , not refs/remotes"),
-                optparse.make_option("--max-changes", dest="maxChanges"),
+                optparse.make_option("--max-changes", dest="maxChanges",
+                                     help="Maximum number of changes to import"),
+                optparse.make_option("--changes-block-size", dest="changes_block_size", type="int",
+                                     help="Internal block size to use when iteratively calling p4 changes"),
                 optparse.make_option("--keep-path", dest="keepRepoPath", action='store_true',
                                      help="Keep entire BRANCH/DIR/SUBDIR prefix during import"),
                 optparse.make_option("--use-client-spec", dest="useClientSpec", action='store_true',
@@ -1940,6 +2570,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
         self.syncWithOrigin = True
         self.importIntoRemotes = True
         self.maxChanges = ""
+        self.changes_block_size = None
         self.keepRepoPath = False
         self.depotPaths = None
         self.p4BranchesInGit = []
@@ -1948,16 +2579,30 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
         self.useClientSpec_from_options = False
         self.clientSpecDirs = None
         self.tempBranches = []
-        self.tempBranchLocation = "git-p4-tmp"
+        self.tempBranchLocation = "refs/git-p4-tmp"
+        self.largeFileSystem = None
+        self.suppress_meta_comment = False
+
+        if gitConfig('git-p4.largeFileSystem'):
+            largeFileSystemConstructor = globals()[gitConfig('git-p4.largeFileSystem')]
+            self.largeFileSystem = largeFileSystemConstructor(
+                lambda git_mode, relPath, contents: self.writeToGitStream(git_mode, relPath, contents)
+            )
 
         if gitConfig("git-p4.syncFromOrigin") == "false":
             self.syncWithOrigin = False
 
-    # This is required for the "append" cloneExclude action
-    def ensure_value(self, attr, value):
-        if not hasattr(self, attr) or getattr(self, attr) is None:
-            setattr(self, attr, value)
-        return getattr(self, attr)
+        self.depotPaths = []
+        self.changeRange = ""
+        self.previousDepotPaths = []
+        self.hasOrigin = False
+
+        # map from branch depot path to parent branch
+        self.knownBranches = {}
+        self.initialParents = {}
+
+        self.tz = "%+03d%02d" % (- time.timezone / 3600, ((- time.timezone % 3600) / 60))
+        self.labels = {}
 
     # Force a checkpoint in fast-import and wait for it to finish
     def checkpoint(self):
@@ -1965,14 +2610,27 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
         self.gitStream.write("progress checkpoint\n\n")
         out = self.gitOutput.readline()
         if self.verbose:
-            print "checkpoint finished: " + out
+            print("checkpoint finished: " + out)
+
+    def cmp_shelved(self, path, filerev, revision):
+        """ Determine if a path at revision #filerev is the same as the file
+            at revision @revision for a shelved changelist. If they don't match,
+            unshelving won't be safe (we will get other changes mixed in).
+
+            This is comparing the revision that the shelved changelist is *based* on, not
+            the shelved changelist itself.
+        """
+        ret = p4Cmd(["diff2", "{0}#{1}".format(path, filerev), "{0}@{1}".format(path, revision)])
+        if verbose:
+            print("p4 diff2 path %s filerev %s revision %s => %s" % (path, filerev, revision, ret))
+        return ret["status"] == "identical"
 
-    def extractFilesFromCommit(self, commit):
+    def extractFilesFromCommit(self, commit, shelved=False, shelved_cl = 0, origin_revision = 0):
         self.cloneExclude = [re.sub(r"\.\.\.$", "", path)
                              for path in self.cloneExclude]
         files = []
         fnum = 0
-        while commit.has_key("depotFile%s" % fnum):
+        while "depotFile%s" % fnum in commit:
             path =  commit["depotFile%s" % fnum]
 
             if [p for p in self.cloneExclude
@@ -1990,10 +2648,32 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
             file["rev"] = commit["rev%s" % fnum]
             file["action"] = commit["action%s" % fnum]
             file["type"] = commit["type%s" % fnum]
+            if shelved:
+                file["shelved_cl"] = int(shelved_cl)
+
+                # For shelved changelists, check that the revision of each file that the
+                # shelve was based on matches the revision that we are using for the
+                # starting point for git-fast-import (self.initialParent). Otherwise
+                # the resulting diff will contain deltas from multiple commits.
+
+                if file["action"] != "add" and \
+                    not self.cmp_shelved(path, file["rev"], origin_revision):
+                    sys.exit("change {0} not based on {1} for {2}, cannot unshelve".format(
+                        commit["change"], self.initialParent, path))
+
             files.append(file)
             fnum = fnum + 1
         return files
 
+    def extractJobsFromCommit(self, commit):
+        jobs = []
+        jnum = 0
+        while "job%s" % jnum in commit:
+            job = commit["job%s" % jnum]
+            jobs.append(job)
+            jnum = jnum + 1
+        return jobs
+
     def stripRepoPath(self, path, prefixes):
         """When streaming files, this is called to map a p4 depot path
            to where it should go in git.  The prefixes are either
@@ -2036,7 +2716,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
 
         branches = {}
         fnum = 0
-        while commit.has_key("depotFile%s" % fnum):
+        while "depotFile%s" % fnum in commit:
             path =  commit["depotFile%s" % fnum]
             found = [p for p in self.depotPaths
                      if p4PathStartsWith(path, p)]
@@ -2069,13 +2749,35 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
 
         return branches
 
+    def writeToGitStream(self, gitMode, relPath, contents):
+        self.gitStream.write('M %s inline %s\n' % (gitMode, relPath))
+        self.gitStream.write('data %d\n' % sum(len(d) for d in contents))
+        for d in contents:
+            self.gitStream.write(d)
+        self.gitStream.write('\n')
+
+    def encodeWithUTF8(self, path):
+        try:
+            path.decode('ascii')
+        except:
+            encoding = 'utf8'
+            if gitConfig('git-p4.pathEncoding'):
+                encoding = gitConfig('git-p4.pathEncoding')
+            path = path.decode(encoding, 'replace').encode('utf8', 'replace')
+            if self.verbose:
+                print('Path with non-ASCII characters detected. Used %s to encode: %s ' % (encoding, path))
+        return path
+
     # output one file from the P4 stream
     # - helper for streamP4Files
 
     def streamOneP4File(self, file, contents):
         relPath = self.stripRepoPath(file['depotFile'], self.branchPrefixes)
+        relPath = self.encodeWithUTF8(relPath)
         if verbose:
-            sys.stderr.write("%s\n" % relPath)
+            size = int(self.stream_file['fileSize'])
+            sys.stdout.write('\r%s --> %s (%i MB)\n' % (file['depotFile'], relPath, size/1024/1024))
+            sys.stdout.flush()
 
         (type_base, type_mods) = split_p4_type(file["type"])
 
@@ -2092,7 +2794,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
                 # to nothing.  This causes p4 errors when checking out such
                 # a change, and errors here too.  Work around it by ignoring
                 # the bad symlink; hopefully a future change fixes it.
-                print "\nIgnoring empty symlink in %s" % file['depotFile']
+                print("\nIgnoring empty symlink in %s" % file['depotFile'])
                 return
             elif data[-1] == '\n':
                 contents = [data[:-1]]
@@ -2110,10 +2812,17 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
             # them back too.  This is not needed to the cygwin windows version,
             # just the native "NT" type.
             #
-            text = p4_read_pipe(['print', '-q', '-o', '-', file['depotFile']])
-            if p4_version_string().find("/NT") >= 0:
-                text = text.replace("\r\n", "\n")
-            contents = [ text ]
+            try:
+                text = p4_read_pipe(['print', '-q', '-o', '-', '%s@%s' % (file['depotFile'], file['change'])])
+            except Exception as e:
+                if 'Translation of file content failed' in str(e):
+                    type_base = 'binary'
+                else:
+                    raise e
+            else:
+                if p4_version_string().find('/NT') >= 0:
+                    text = text.replace('\r\n', '\n')
+                contents = [ text ]
 
         if type_base == "apple":
             # Apple filetype files will be streamed as a concatenation of
@@ -2125,7 +2834,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
             # Ideally, someday, this script can learn how to generate
             # appledouble files directly and import those to git, but
             # non-mac machines can never find a use for apple filetype.
-            print "\nIgnoring apple filetype file %s" % file['depotFile']
+            print("\nIgnoring apple filetype file %s" % file['depotFile'])
             return
 
         # Note that we do not try to de-mangle keywords on utf16 files,
@@ -2137,24 +2846,22 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
             text = regexp.sub(r'$\1$', text)
             contents = [ text ]
 
-        self.gitStream.write("M %s inline %s\n" % (git_mode, relPath))
+        if self.largeFileSystem:
+            (git_mode, contents) = self.largeFileSystem.processContent(git_mode, relPath, contents)
 
-        # total length...
-        length = 0
-        for d in contents:
-            length = length + len(d)
-
-        self.gitStream.write("data %d\n" % length)
-        for d in contents:
-            self.gitStream.write(d)
-        self.gitStream.write("\n")
+        self.writeToGitStream(git_mode, relPath, contents)
 
     def streamOneP4Deletion(self, file):
         relPath = self.stripRepoPath(file['path'], self.branchPrefixes)
+        relPath = self.encodeWithUTF8(relPath)
         if verbose:
-            sys.stderr.write("delete %s\n" % relPath)
+            sys.stdout.write("delete %s\n" % relPath)
+            sys.stdout.flush()
         self.gitStream.write("D %s\n" % relPath)
 
+        if self.largeFileSystem and self.largeFileSystem.isLargeFile(relPath):
+            self.largeFileSystem.removeLargeFile(relPath)
+
     # handle another chunk of streaming data
     def streamP4FilesCb(self, marshalled):
 
@@ -2164,6 +2871,14 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
             if marshalled["code"] == "error":
                 if "data" in marshalled:
                     err = marshalled["data"].rstrip()
+
+        if not err and 'fileSize' in self.stream_file:
+            required_bytes = int((4 * int(self.stream_file["fileSize"])) - calcDiskFree())
+            if required_bytes > 0:
+                err = 'Not enough space left on %s! Free at least %i MB.' % (
+                    os.getcwd(), required_bytes/1024/1024
+                )
+
         if err:
             f = None
             if self.stream_have_file_info:
@@ -2181,7 +2896,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
             else:
                 die("Error from p4 print: %s" % err)
 
-        if marshalled.has_key('depotFile') and self.stream_have_file_info:
+        if 'depotFile' in marshalled and self.stream_have_file_info:
             # start of a new file - output the old one first
             self.streamOneP4File(self.stream_file, self.stream_contents)
             self.stream_file = {}
@@ -2192,10 +2907,23 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
         # 'data' field we need to append to our array
         for k in marshalled.keys():
             if k == 'data':
+                if 'streamContentSize' not in self.stream_file:
+                    self.stream_file['streamContentSize'] = 0
+                self.stream_file['streamContentSize'] += len(marshalled['data'])
                 self.stream_contents.append(marshalled['data'])
             else:
                 self.stream_file[k] = marshalled[k]
 
+        if (verbose and
+            'streamContentSize' in self.stream_file and
+            'fileSize' in self.stream_file and
+            'depotFile' in self.stream_file):
+            size = int(self.stream_file["fileSize"])
+            if size > 0:
+                progress = 100*self.stream_file['streamContentSize']/size
+                sys.stdout.write('\r%s %d%% (%i MB)' % (self.stream_file['depotFile'], progress, int(size/1024/1024)))
+                sys.stdout.flush()
+
         self.stream_have_file_info = True
 
     # Stream directly from "p4 files" into "git fast-import"
@@ -2205,12 +2933,6 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
         filesToDelete = []
 
         for f in files:
-            # if using a client spec, only add the files that have
-            # a path in the client
-            if self.clientSpecDirs:
-                if self.clientSpecDirs.map_in_client(f['path']) == "":
-                    continue
-
             filesForCommit.append(f)
             if f['action'] in self.delete_actions:
                 filesToDelete.append(f)
@@ -2230,14 +2952,23 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
             def streamP4FilesCbSelf(entry):
                 self.streamP4FilesCb(entry)
 
-            fileArgs = ['%s#%s' % (f['path'], f['rev']) for f in filesToRead]
+            fileArgs = []
+            for f in filesToRead:
+                if 'shelved_cl' in f:
+                    # Handle shelved CLs using the "p4 print file@=N" syntax to print
+                    # the contents
+                    fileArg = '%s@=%d' % (f['path'], f['shelved_cl'])
+                else:
+                    fileArg = '%s#%s' % (f['path'], f['rev'])
+
+                fileArgs.append(fileArg)
 
             p4CmdList(["-x", "-", "print"],
                       stdin=fileArgs,
                       cb=streamP4FilesCbSelf)
 
             # do the last chunk
-            if self.stream_file.has_key('depotFile'):
+            if 'depotFile' in self.stream_file:
                 self.streamOneP4File(self.stream_file, self.stream_contents)
 
     def make_email(self, userid):
@@ -2246,14 +2977,17 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
         else:
             return "%s <a@b>" % userid
 
-    # Stream a p4 tag
     def streamTag(self, gitStream, labelName, labelDetails, commit, epoch):
+        """ Stream a p4 tag.
+        commit is either a git commit, or a fast-import mark, ":<p4commit>"
+        """
+
         if verbose:
-            print "writing tag %s for commit %s" % (labelName, commit)
+            print("writing tag %s for commit %s" % (labelName, commit))
         gitStream.write("tag %s\n" % labelName)
         gitStream.write("from %s\n" % commit)
 
-        if labelDetails.has_key('Owner'):
+        if 'Owner' in labelDetails:
             owner = labelDetails["Owner"]
         else:
             owner = None
@@ -2268,8 +3002,8 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
 
         gitStream.write("tagger %s\n" % tagger)
 
-        print "labelDetails=",labelDetails
-        if labelDetails.has_key('Description'):
+        print("labelDetails=",labelDetails)
+        if 'Description' in labelDetails:
             description = labelDetails['Description']
         else:
             description = 'Label from git p4'
@@ -2278,27 +3012,44 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
         gitStream.write(description)
         gitStream.write("\n")
 
+    def inClientSpec(self, path):
+        if not self.clientSpecDirs:
+            return True
+        inClientSpec = self.clientSpecDirs.map_in_client(path)
+        if not inClientSpec and self.verbose:
+            print('Ignoring file outside of client spec: {0}'.format(path))
+        return inClientSpec
+
+    def hasBranchPrefix(self, path):
+        if not self.branchPrefixes:
+            return True
+        hasPrefix = [p for p in self.branchPrefixes
+                        if p4PathStartsWith(path, p)]
+        if not hasPrefix and self.verbose:
+            print('Ignoring file outside of prefix: {0}'.format(path))
+        return hasPrefix
+
     def commit(self, details, files, branch, parent = ""):
         epoch = details["time"]
         author = details["user"]
+        jobs = self.extractJobsFromCommit(details)
 
         if self.verbose:
-            print "commit into %s" % branch
-
-        # start with reading files; if that fails, we should not
-        # create a commit.
-        new_files = []
-        for f in files:
-            if [p for p in self.branchPrefixes if p4PathStartsWith(f['path'], p)]:
-                new_files.append (f)
-            else:
-                sys.stderr.write("Ignoring file outside of prefix: %s\n" % f['path'])
+            print('commit into {0}'.format(branch))
 
         if self.clientSpecDirs:
             self.clientSpecDirs.update_client_spec_path_cache(files)
 
+        files = [f for f in files
+            if self.inClientSpec(f['path']) and self.hasBranchPrefix(f['path'])]
+
+        if not files and not gitConfigBool('git-p4.keepEmptyCommits'):
+            print('Ignoring revision {0} as it would produce an empty commit.'
+                .format(details['change']))
+            return
+
         self.gitStream.write("commit %s\n" % branch)
-#        gitStream.write("mark :%s\n" % details["change"])
+        self.gitStream.write("mark :%s\n" % details["change"])
         self.committedChanges.add(int(details["change"]))
         committer = ""
         if author not in self.users:
@@ -2309,28 +3060,34 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
 
         self.gitStream.write("data <<EOT\n")
         self.gitStream.write(details["desc"])
-        self.gitStream.write("\n[git-p4: depot-paths = \"%s\": change = %s" %
-                             (','.join(self.branchPrefixes), details["change"]))
-        if len(details['options']) > 0:
-            self.gitStream.write(": options = %s" % details['options'])
-        self.gitStream.write("]\nEOT\n\n")
+        if len(jobs) > 0:
+            self.gitStream.write("\nJobs: %s" % (' '.join(jobs)))
+
+        if not self.suppress_meta_comment:
+            self.gitStream.write("\n[git-p4: depot-paths = \"%s\": change = %s" %
+                                (','.join(self.branchPrefixes), details["change"]))
+            if len(details['options']) > 0:
+                self.gitStream.write(": options = %s" % details['options'])
+            self.gitStream.write("]\n")
+
+        self.gitStream.write("EOT\n\n")
 
         if len(parent) > 0:
             if self.verbose:
-                print "parent %s" % parent
+                print("parent %s" % parent)
             self.gitStream.write("from %s\n" % parent)
 
-        self.streamP4Files(new_files)
+        self.streamP4Files(files)
         self.gitStream.write("\n")
 
         change = int(details["change"])
 
-        if self.labels.has_key(change):
+        if change in self.labels:
             label = self.labels[change]
             labelDetails = label[0]
             labelRevisions = label[1]
             if self.verbose:
-                print "Change %s is labelled %s" % (change, labelDetails)
+                print("Change %s is labelled %s" % (change, labelDetails))
 
             files = p4CmdList(["files"] + ["%s...@%s" % (p, change)
                                                 for p in self.branchPrefixes])
@@ -2348,12 +3105,12 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
 
                 else:
                     if not self.silent:
-                        print ("Tag %s does not match with change %s: files do not match."
+                        print("Tag %s does not match with change %s: files do not match."
                                % (labelDetails["label"], change))
 
             else:
                 if not self.silent:
-                    print ("Tag %s does not match with change %s: file count is different."
+                    print("Tag %s does not match with change %s: file count is different."
                            % (labelDetails["label"], change))
 
     # Build a dictionary of changelists and labels, for "detect-labels" option.
@@ -2362,14 +3119,14 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
 
         l = p4CmdList(["labels"] + ["%s..." % p for p in self.depotPaths])
         if len(l) > 0 and not self.silent:
-            print "Finding files belonging to labels in %s" % `self.depotPaths`
+            print("Finding files belonging to labels in %s" % self.depotPaths)
 
         for output in l:
             label = output["label"]
             revisions = {}
             newestChange = 0
             if self.verbose:
-                print "Querying files for label %s" % label
+                print("Querying files for label %s" % label)
             for file in p4CmdList(["files"] +
                                       ["%s...@%s" % (p, label)
                                           for p in self.depotPaths]):
@@ -2381,7 +3138,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
             self.labels[newestChange] = [output, revisions]
 
         if self.verbose:
-            print "Label changes: %s" % self.labels.keys()
+            print("Label changes: %s" % self.labels.keys())
 
     # Import p4 labels as git tags. A direct mapping does not
     # exist, so assume that if all the files are at the same revision
@@ -2389,7 +3146,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
     # just ignore.
     def importP4Labels(self, stream, p4Labels):
         if verbose:
-            print "import p4 labels: " + ' '.join(p4Labels)
+            print("import p4 labels: " + ' '.join(p4Labels))
 
         ignoredP4Labels = gitConfigList("git-p4.ignoredP4Labels")
         validLabelRegexp = gitConfig("git-p4.labelImportRegexp")
@@ -2402,7 +3159,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
 
             if not m.match(name):
                 if verbose:
-                    print "label %s does not match regexp %s" % (name,validLabelRegexp)
+                    print("label %s does not match regexp %s" % (name,validLabelRegexp))
                 continue
 
             if name in ignoredP4Labels:
@@ -2414,30 +3171,36 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
             change = p4Cmd(["changes", "-m", "1"] + ["%s...@%s" % (p, name)
                                 for p in self.depotPaths])
 
-            if change.has_key('change'):
+            if 'change' in change:
                 # find the corresponding git commit; take the oldest commit
                 changelist = int(change['change'])
-                gitCommit = read_pipe(["git", "rev-list", "--max-count=1",
-                     "--reverse", ":/\[git-p4:.*change = %d\]" % changelist])
-                if len(gitCommit) == 0:
-                    print "could not find git commit for changelist %d" % changelist
-                else:
-                    gitCommit = gitCommit.strip()
+                if changelist in self.committedChanges:
+                    gitCommit = ":%d" % changelist       # use a fast-import mark
                     commitFound = True
+                else:
+                    gitCommit = read_pipe(["git", "rev-list", "--max-count=1",
+                        "--reverse", ":/\[git-p4:.*change = %d\]" % changelist], ignore_error=True)
+                    if len(gitCommit) == 0:
+                        print("importing label %s: could not find git commit for changelist %d" % (name, changelist))
+                    else:
+                        commitFound = True
+                        gitCommit = gitCommit.strip()
+
+                if commitFound:
                     # Convert from p4 time format
                     try:
                         tmwhen = time.strptime(labelDetails['Update'], "%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")
                     except ValueError:
-                        print "Could not convert label time %s" % labelDetails['Update']
+                        print("Could not convert label time %s" % labelDetails['Update'])
                         tmwhen = 1
 
                     when = int(time.mktime(tmwhen))
                     self.streamTag(stream, name, labelDetails, gitCommit, when)
                     if verbose:
-                        print "p4 label %s mapped to git commit %s" % (name, gitCommit)
+                        print("p4 label %s mapped to git commit %s" % (name, gitCommit))
             else:
                 if verbose:
-                    print "Label %s has no changelists - possibly deleted?" % name
+                    print("Label %s has no changelists - possibly deleted?" % name)
 
             if not commitFound:
                 # We can't import this label; don't try again as it will get very
@@ -2467,7 +3230,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
         for info in p4CmdList(command):
             details = p4Cmd(["branch", "-o", info["branch"]])
             viewIdx = 0
-            while details.has_key("View%s" % viewIdx):
+            while "View%s" % viewIdx in details:
                 paths = details["View%s" % viewIdx].split(" ")
                 viewIdx = viewIdx + 1
                 # require standard //depot/foo/... //depot/bar/... mapping
@@ -2482,8 +3245,8 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
 
                     if destination in self.knownBranches:
                         if not self.silent:
-                            print "p4 branch %s defines a mapping from %s to %s" % (info["branch"], source, destination)
-                            print "but there exists another mapping from %s to %s already!" % (self.knownBranches[destination], destination)
+                            print("p4 branch %s defines a mapping from %s to %s" % (info["branch"], source, destination))
+                            print("but there exists another mapping from %s to %s already!" % (self.knownBranches[destination], destination))
                         continue
 
                     self.knownBranches[destination] = source
@@ -2533,7 +3296,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
         d["options"] = ' '.join(sorted(option_keys.keys()))
 
     def readOptions(self, d):
-        self.keepRepoPath = (d.has_key('options')
+        self.keepRepoPath = ('options' in d
                              and ('keepRepoPath' in d['options']))
 
     def gitRefForBranch(self, branch):
@@ -2547,28 +3310,28 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
 
     def gitCommitByP4Change(self, ref, change):
         if self.verbose:
-            print "looking in ref " + ref + " for change %s using bisect..." % change
+            print("looking in ref " + ref + " for change %s using bisect..." % change)
 
         earliestCommit = ""
         latestCommit = parseRevision(ref)
 
         while True:
             if self.verbose:
-                print "trying: earliest %s latest %s" % (earliestCommit, latestCommit)
+                print("trying: earliest %s latest %s" % (earliestCommit, latestCommit))
             next = read_pipe("git rev-list --bisect %s %s" % (latestCommit, earliestCommit)).strip()
             if len(next) == 0:
                 if self.verbose:
-                    print "argh"
+                    print("argh")
                 return ""
             log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(next)
             settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
             currentChange = int(settings['change'])
             if self.verbose:
-                print "current change %s" % currentChange
+                print("current change %s" % currentChange)
 
             if currentChange == change:
                 if self.verbose:
-                    print "found %s" % next
+                    print("found %s" % next)
                 return next
 
             if currentChange < change:
@@ -2586,7 +3349,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
         branchPrefix = self.depotPaths[0] + branch + "/"
         range = "@1,%s" % maxChange
         #print "prefix" + branchPrefix
-        changes = p4ChangesForPaths([branchPrefix], range)
+        changes = p4ChangesForPaths([branchPrefix], range, self.changes_block_size)
         if len(changes) <= 0:
             return False
         firstChange = changes[0]
@@ -2614,17 +3377,17 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
             if len(read_pipe(["git", "diff-tree", blob, target])) == 0:
                 parentFound = True
                 if self.verbose:
-                    print "Found parent of %s in commit %s" % (branch, blob)
+                    print("Found parent of %s in commit %s" % (branch, blob))
                 break
         if parentFound:
             return blob
         else:
             return None
 
-    def importChanges(self, changes):
+    def importChanges(self, changes, shelved=False, origin_revision=0):
         cnt = 1
         for change in changes:
-            description = p4_describe(change)
+            description = p4_describe(change, shelved)
             self.updateOptionDict(description)
 
             if not self.silent:
@@ -2645,7 +3408,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
                         filesForCommit = branches[branch]
 
                         if self.verbose:
-                            print "branch is %s" % branch
+                            print("branch is %s" % branch)
 
                         self.updatedBranches.add(branch)
 
@@ -2666,13 +3429,13 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
                                         print("\n    Resuming with change %s" % change);
 
                                 if self.verbose:
-                                    print "parent determined through known branches: %s" % parent
+                                    print("parent determined through known branches: %s" % parent)
 
                         branch = self.gitRefForBranch(branch)
                         parent = self.gitRefForBranch(parent)
 
                         if self.verbose:
-                            print "looking for initial parent for %s; current parent is %s" % (branch, parent)
+                            print("looking for initial parent for %s; current parent is %s" % (branch, parent))
 
                         if len(parent) == 0 and branch in self.initialParents:
                             parent = self.initialParents[branch]
@@ -2682,7 +3445,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
                         if len(parent) > 0:
                             tempBranch = "%s/%d" % (self.tempBranchLocation, change)
                             if self.verbose:
-                                print "Creating temporary branch: " + tempBranch
+                                print("Creating temporary branch: " + tempBranch)
                             self.commit(description, filesForCommit, tempBranch)
                             self.tempBranches.append(tempBranch)
                             self.checkpoint()
@@ -2691,20 +3454,28 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
                             self.commit(description, filesForCommit, branch, blob)
                         else:
                             if self.verbose:
-                                print "Parent of %s not found. Committing into head of %s" % (branch, parent)
+                                print("Parent of %s not found. Committing into head of %s" % (branch, parent))
                             self.commit(description, filesForCommit, branch, parent)
                 else:
-                    files = self.extractFilesFromCommit(description)
+                    files = self.extractFilesFromCommit(description, shelved, change, origin_revision)
                     self.commit(description, files, self.branch,
                                 self.initialParent)
                     # only needed once, to connect to the previous commit
                     self.initialParent = ""
             except IOError:
-                print self.gitError.read()
+                print(self.gitError.read())
                 sys.exit(1)
 
+    def sync_origin_only(self):
+        if self.syncWithOrigin:
+            self.hasOrigin = originP4BranchesExist()
+            if self.hasOrigin:
+                if not self.silent:
+                    print('Syncing with origin first, using "git fetch origin"')
+                system("git fetch origin")
+
     def importHeadRevision(self, revision):
-        print "Doing initial import of %s from revision %s into %s" % (' '.join(self.depotPaths), revision, self.branch)
+        print("Doing initial import of %s from revision %s into %s" % (' '.join(self.depotPaths), revision, self.branch))
 
         details = {}
         details["user"] = "git perforce import user"
@@ -2756,31 +3527,32 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
         try:
             self.commit(details, self.extractFilesFromCommit(details), self.branch)
         except IOError:
-            print "IO error with git fast-import. Is your git version recent enough?"
-            print self.gitError.read()
-
+            print("IO error with git fast-import. Is your git version recent enough?")
+            print(self.gitError.read())
 
-    def run(self, args):
-        self.depotPaths = []
-        self.changeRange = ""
-        self.previousDepotPaths = []
-        self.hasOrigin = False
+    def openStreams(self):
+        self.importProcess = subprocess.Popen(["git", "fast-import"],
+                                              stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
+                                              stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                                              stderr=subprocess.PIPE);
+        self.gitOutput = self.importProcess.stdout
+        self.gitStream = self.importProcess.stdin
+        self.gitError = self.importProcess.stderr
 
-        # map from branch depot path to parent branch
-        self.knownBranches = {}
-        self.initialParents = {}
+    def closeStreams(self):
+        self.gitStream.close()
+        if self.importProcess.wait() != 0:
+            die("fast-import failed: %s" % self.gitError.read())
+        self.gitOutput.close()
+        self.gitError.close()
 
+    def run(self, args):
         if self.importIntoRemotes:
             self.refPrefix = "refs/remotes/p4/"
         else:
             self.refPrefix = "refs/heads/p4/"
 
-        if self.syncWithOrigin:
-            self.hasOrigin = originP4BranchesExist()
-            if self.hasOrigin:
-                if not self.silent:
-                    print 'Syncing with origin first, using "git fetch origin"'
-                system("git fetch origin")
+        self.sync_origin_only()
 
         branch_arg_given = bool(self.branch)
         if len(self.branch) == 0:
@@ -2818,14 +3590,14 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
 
             if len(self.p4BranchesInGit) > 1:
                 if not self.silent:
-                    print "Importing from/into multiple branches"
+                    print("Importing from/into multiple branches")
                 self.detectBranches = True
                 for branch in branches.keys():
                     self.initialParents[self.refPrefix + branch] = \
                         branches[branch]
 
             if self.verbose:
-                print "branches: %s" % self.p4BranchesInGit
+                print("branches: %s" % self.p4BranchesInGit)
 
             p4Change = 0
             for branch in self.p4BranchesInGit:
@@ -2834,8 +3606,8 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
                 settings = extractSettingsGitLog(logMsg)
 
                 self.readOptions(settings)
-                if (settings.has_key('depot-paths')
-                    and settings.has_key ('change')):
+                if ('depot-paths' in settings
+                    and 'change' in settings):
                     change = int(settings['change']) + 1
                     p4Change = max(p4Change, change)
 
@@ -2848,7 +3620,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
                             prev_list = prev.split("/")
                             cur_list = cur.split("/")
                             for i in range(0, min(len(cur_list), len(prev_list))):
-                                if cur_list[i] <> prev_list[i]:
+                                if cur_list[i] != prev_list[i]:
                                     i = i - 1
                                     break
 
@@ -2860,7 +3632,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
                 self.depotPaths = sorted(self.previousDepotPaths)
                 self.changeRange = "@%s,#head" % p4Change
                 if not self.silent and not self.detectBranches:
-                    print "Performing incremental import into %s git branch" % self.branch
+                    print("Performing incremental import into %s git branch" % self.branch)
 
         # accept multiple ref name abbreviations:
         #    refs/foo/bar/branch -> use it exactly
@@ -2877,10 +3649,10 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
 
         if len(args) == 0 and self.depotPaths:
             if not self.silent:
-                print "Depot paths: %s" % ' '.join(self.depotPaths)
+                print("Depot paths: %s" % ' '.join(self.depotPaths))
         else:
             if self.depotPaths and self.depotPaths != args:
-                print ("previous import used depot path %s and now %s was specified. "
+                print("previous import used depot path %s and now %s was specified. "
                        "This doesn't work!" % (' '.join (self.depotPaths),
                                                ' '.join (args)))
                 sys.exit(1)
@@ -2947,8 +3719,8 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
             else:
                 self.getBranchMapping()
             if self.verbose:
-                print "p4-git branches: %s" % self.p4BranchesInGit
-                print "initial parents: %s" % self.initialParents
+                print("p4-git branches: %s" % self.p4BranchesInGit)
+                print("initial parents: %s" % self.initialParents)
             for b in self.p4BranchesInGit:
                 if b != "master":
 
@@ -2956,15 +3728,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
                     b = b[len(self.projectName):]
                 self.createdBranches.add(b)
 
-        self.tz = "%+03d%02d" % (- time.timezone / 3600, ((- time.timezone % 3600) / 60))
-
-        self.importProcess = subprocess.Popen(["git", "fast-import"],
-                                              stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
-                                              stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
-                                              stderr=subprocess.PIPE);
-        self.gitOutput = self.importProcess.stdout
-        self.gitStream = self.importProcess.stdin
-        self.gitError = self.importProcess.stderr
+        self.openStreams()
 
         if revision:
             self.importHeadRevision(revision)
@@ -3000,19 +3764,19 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
                                     self.branch)
 
                 if self.verbose:
-                    print "Getting p4 changes for %s...%s" % (', '.join(self.depotPaths),
-                                                              self.changeRange)
-                changes = p4ChangesForPaths(self.depotPaths, self.changeRange)
+                    print("Getting p4 changes for %s...%s" % (', '.join(self.depotPaths),
+                                                              self.changeRange))
+                changes = p4ChangesForPaths(self.depotPaths, self.changeRange, self.changes_block_size)
 
                 if len(self.maxChanges) > 0:
                     changes = changes[:min(int(self.maxChanges), len(changes))]
 
             if len(changes) == 0:
                 if not self.silent:
-                    print "No changes to import!"
+                    print("No changes to import!")
             else:
                 if not self.silent and not self.detectBranches:
-                    print "Import destination: %s" % self.branch
+                    print("Import destination: %s" % self.branch)
 
                 self.updatedBranches = set()
 
@@ -3027,7 +3791,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
                 self.importChanges(changes)
 
                 if not self.silent:
-                    print ""
+                    print("")
                     if len(self.updatedBranches) > 0:
                         sys.stdout.write("Updated branches: ")
                         for b in self.updatedBranches:
@@ -3044,11 +3808,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
             missingP4Labels = p4Labels - gitTags
             self.importP4Labels(self.gitStream, missingP4Labels)
 
-        self.gitStream.close()
-        if self.importProcess.wait() != 0:
-            die("fast-import failed: %s" % self.gitError.read())
-        self.gitOutput.close()
-        self.gitError.close()
+        self.closeStreams()
 
         # Cleanup temporary branches created during import
         if self.tempBranches != []:
@@ -3084,7 +3844,7 @@ class P4Rebase(Command):
 
     def rebase(self):
         if os.system("git update-index --refresh") != 0:
-            die("Some files in your working directory are modified and different than what is in your index. You can use git update-index <filename> to bring the index up-to-date or stash away all your changes with git stash.");
+            die("Some files in your working directory are modified and different than what is in your index. You can use git update-index <filename> to bring the index up to date or stash away all your changes with git stash.");
         if len(read_pipe("git diff-index HEAD --")) > 0:
             die("You have uncommitted changes. Please commit them before rebasing or stash them away with git stash.");
 
@@ -3095,7 +3855,7 @@ class P4Rebase(Command):
         # the branchpoint may be p4/foo~3, so strip off the parent
         upstream = re.sub("~[0-9]+$", "", upstream)
 
-        print "Rebasing the current branch onto %s" % upstream
+        print("Rebasing the current branch onto %s" % upstream)
         oldHead = read_pipe("git rev-parse HEAD").strip()
         system("git rebase %s" % upstream)
         system("git diff-tree --stat --summary -M %s HEAD --" % oldHead)
@@ -3149,7 +3909,7 @@ class P4Clone(P4Sync):
         if not self.cloneDestination:
             self.cloneDestination = self.defaultDestination(args)
 
-        print "Importing from %s into %s" % (', '.join(depotPaths), self.cloneDestination)
+        print("Importing from %s into %s" % (', '.join(depotPaths), self.cloneDestination))
 
         if not os.path.exists(self.cloneDestination):
             os.makedirs(self.cloneDestination)
@@ -3171,8 +3931,8 @@ class P4Clone(P4Sync):
             if not self.cloneBare:
                 system([ "git", "checkout", "-f" ])
         else:
-            print 'Not checking out any branch, use ' \
-                  '"git checkout -q -b master <branch>"'
+            print('Not checking out any branch, use ' \
+                  '"git checkout -q -b master <branch>"')
 
         # auto-set this variable if invoked with --use-client-spec
         if self.useClientSpec_from_options:
@@ -3180,6 +3940,89 @@ class P4Clone(P4Sync):
 
         return True
 
+class P4Unshelve(Command):
+    def __init__(self):
+        Command.__init__(self)
+        self.options = []
+        self.origin = "HEAD"
+        self.description = "Unshelve a P4 changelist into a git commit"
+        self.usage = "usage: %prog [options] changelist"
+        self.options += [
+                optparse.make_option("--origin", dest="origin",
+                    help="Use this base revision instead of the default (%s)" % self.origin),
+        ]
+        self.verbose = False
+        self.noCommit = False
+        self.destbranch = "refs/remotes/p4/unshelved"
+
+    def renameBranch(self, branch_name):
+        """ Rename the existing branch to branch_name.N
+        """
+
+        found = True
+        for i in range(0,1000):
+            backup_branch_name = "{0}.{1}".format(branch_name, i)
+            if not gitBranchExists(backup_branch_name):
+                gitUpdateRef(backup_branch_name, branch_name) # copy ref to backup
+                gitDeleteRef(branch_name)
+                found = True
+                print("renamed old unshelve branch to {0}".format(backup_branch_name))
+                break
+
+        if not found:
+            sys.exit("gave up trying to rename existing branch {0}".format(sync.branch))
+
+    def findLastP4Revision(self, starting_point):
+        """ Look back from starting_point for the first commit created by git-p4
+            to find the P4 commit we are based on, and the depot-paths.
+        """
+
+        for parent in (range(65535)):
+            log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit("{0}^{1}".format(starting_point, parent))
+            settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
+            if 'change' in settings:
+                return settings
+
+        sys.exit("could not find git-p4 commits in {0}".format(self.origin))
+
+    def run(self, args):
+        if len(args) != 1:
+            return False
+
+        if not gitBranchExists(self.origin):
+            sys.exit("origin branch {0} does not exist".format(self.origin))
+
+        sync = P4Sync()
+        changes = args
+        sync.initialParent = self.origin
+
+        # use the first change in the list to construct the branch to unshelve into
+        change = changes[0]
+
+        # if the target branch already exists, rename it
+        branch_name = "{0}/{1}".format(self.destbranch, change)
+        if gitBranchExists(branch_name):
+            self.renameBranch(branch_name)
+        sync.branch = branch_name
+
+        sync.verbose = self.verbose
+        sync.suppress_meta_comment = True
+
+        settings = self.findLastP4Revision(self.origin)
+        origin_revision = settings['change']
+        sync.depotPaths = settings['depot-paths']
+        sync.branchPrefixes = sync.depotPaths
+
+        sync.openStreams()
+        sync.loadUserMapFromCache()
+        sync.silent = True
+        sync.importChanges(changes, shelved=True, origin_revision=origin_revision)
+        sync.closeStreams()
+
+        print("unshelved changelist {0} into {1}".format(change, branch_name))
+
+        return True
+
 class P4Branches(Command):
     def __init__(self):
         Command.__init__(self)
@@ -3205,7 +4048,7 @@ class P4Branches(Command):
             log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit("refs/remotes/%s" % branch)
             settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
 
-            print "%s <= %s (%s)" % (branch, ",".join(settings["depot-paths"]), settings["change"])
+            print("%s <= %s (%s)" % (branch, ",".join(settings["depot-paths"]), settings["change"]))
         return True
 
 class HelpFormatter(optparse.IndentedHelpFormatter):
@@ -3219,12 +4062,12 @@ class HelpFormatter(optparse.IndentedHelpFormatter):
             return ""
 
 def printUsage(commands):
-    print "usage: %s <command> [options]" % sys.argv[0]
-    print ""
-    print "valid commands: %s" % ", ".join(commands)
-    print ""
-    print "Try %s <command> --help for command specific help." % sys.argv[0]
-    print ""
+    print("usage: %s <command> [options]" % sys.argv[0])
+    print("")
+    print("valid commands: %s" % ", ".join(commands))
+    print("")
+    print("Try %s <command> --help for command specific help." % sys.argv[0])
+    print("")
 
 commands = {
     "debug" : P4Debug,
@@ -3234,7 +4077,8 @@ commands = {
     "rebase" : P4Rebase,
     "clone" : P4Clone,
     "rollback" : P4RollBack,
-    "branches" : P4Branches
+    "branches" : P4Branches,
+    "unshelve" : P4Unshelve,
 }
 
 
@@ -3248,8 +4092,8 @@ def main():
         klass = commands[cmdName]
         cmd = klass()
     except KeyError:
-        print "unknown command %s" % cmdName
-        print ""
+        print("unknown command %s" % cmdName)
+        print("")
         printUsage(commands.keys())
         sys.exit(2)
 
@@ -3274,6 +4118,7 @@ def main():
         if cmd.gitdir == None:
             cmd.gitdir = os.path.abspath(".git")
             if not isValidGitDir(cmd.gitdir):
+                # "rev-parse --git-dir" without arguments will try $PWD/.git
                 cmd.gitdir = read_pipe("git rev-parse --git-dir").strip()
                 if os.path.exists(cmd.gitdir):
                     cdup = read_pipe("git rev-parse --show-cdup").strip()
@@ -3286,6 +4131,7 @@ def main():
             else:
                 die("fatal: cannot locate git repository at %s" % cmd.gitdir)
 
+        # so git commands invoked from the P4 workspace will succeed
         os.environ["GIT_DIR"] = cmd.gitdir
 
     if not cmd.run(args):
diff --git a/git-parse-remote.sh b/git-parse-remote.sh
index 55fe8d56c9..d3c39980f3 100644
--- a/git-parse-remote.sh
+++ b/git-parse-remote.sh
@@ -56,11 +56,13 @@ get_remote_merge_branch () {
 error_on_missing_default_upstream () {
 	cmd="$1"
 	op_type="$2"
-	op_prep="$3"
+	op_prep="$3" # FIXME: op_prep is no longer used
 	example="$4"
 	branch_name=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)
+	display_branch_name="${branch_name#refs/heads/}"
 	# If there's only one remote, use that in the suggestion
-	remote="<remote>"
+	remote="$(gettext "<remote>")"
+	branch="$(gettext "<branch>")"
 	if test $(git remote | wc -l) = 1
 	then
 		remote=$(git remote)
@@ -68,22 +70,32 @@ error_on_missing_default_upstream () {
 
 	if test -z "$branch_name"
 	then
-		echo "You are not currently on a branch. Please specify which
-branch you want to $op_type $op_prep. See git-${cmd}(1) for details.
-
-    $example
-"
+		gettextln "You are not currently on a branch."
 	else
-		echo "There is no tracking information for the current branch.
-Please specify which branch you want to $op_type $op_prep.
-See git-${cmd}(1) for details
-
-    $example
-
-If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:
-
-    git branch --set-upstream-to=$remote/<branch> ${branch_name#refs/heads/}
-"
+		gettextln "There is no tracking information for the current branch."
+	fi
+	case "$op_type" in
+	rebase)
+		gettextln "Please specify which branch you want to rebase against."
+		;;
+	merge)
+		gettextln "Please specify which branch you want to merge with."
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo >&2 "BUG: unknown operation type: $op_type"
+		exit 1
+		;;
+	esac
+	eval_gettextln "See git-\${cmd}(1) for details."
+	echo
+	echo "    $example"
+	echo
+	if test -n "$branch_name"
+	then
+		gettextln "If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:"
+		echo
+		echo "    git branch --set-upstream-to=$remote/$branch $display_branch_name"
+		echo
 	fi
 	exit 1
 }
diff --git a/git-pull.sh b/git-pull.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 4d4fc77b05..0000000000
--- a/git-pull.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,340 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
-#
-# Fetch one or more remote refs and merge it/them into the current HEAD.
-
-USAGE='[-n | --no-stat] [--[no-]commit] [--[no-]squash] [--[no-]ff|--ff-only] [--[no-]rebase|--rebase=preserve] [-s strategy]... [<fetch-options>] <repo> <head>...'
-LONG_USAGE='Fetch one or more remote refs and integrate it/them with the current HEAD.'
-SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
-OPTIONS_SPEC=
-. git-sh-setup
-. git-sh-i18n
-set_reflog_action "pull${1+ $*}"
-require_work_tree_exists
-cd_to_toplevel
-
-
-die_conflict () {
-    git diff-index --cached --name-status -r --ignore-submodules HEAD --
-    if [ $(git config --bool --get advice.resolveConflict || echo true) = "true" ]; then
-	die "$(gettext "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.
-Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'
-as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit.")"
-    else
-	die "$(gettext "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.")"
-    fi
-}
-
-die_merge () {
-    if [ $(git config --bool --get advice.resolveConflict || echo true) = "true" ]; then
-	die "$(gettext "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).
-Please, commit your changes before you can merge.")"
-    else
-	die "$(gettext "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).")"
-    fi
-}
-
-test -z "$(git ls-files -u)" || die_conflict
-test -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD" && die_merge
-
-bool_or_string_config () {
-	git config --bool "$1" 2>/dev/null || git config "$1"
-}
-
-strategy_args= diffstat= no_commit= squash= no_ff= ff_only=
-log_arg= verbosity= progress= recurse_submodules= verify_signatures=
-merge_args= edit= rebase_args=
-curr_branch=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)
-curr_branch_short="${curr_branch#refs/heads/}"
-rebase=$(bool_or_string_config branch.$curr_branch_short.rebase)
-if test -z "$rebase"
-then
-	rebase=$(bool_or_string_config pull.rebase)
-fi
-
-# Setup default fast-forward options via `pull.ff`
-pull_ff=$(git config pull.ff)
-case "$pull_ff" in
-false)
-	no_ff=--no-ff
-	;;
-only)
-	ff_only=--ff-only
-	;;
-esac
-
-
-dry_run=
-while :
-do
-	case "$1" in
-	-q|--quiet)
-		verbosity="$verbosity -q" ;;
-	-v|--verbose)
-		verbosity="$verbosity -v" ;;
-	--progress)
-		progress=--progress ;;
-	--no-progress)
-		progress=--no-progress ;;
-	-n|--no-stat|--no-summary)
-		diffstat=--no-stat ;;
-	--stat|--summary)
-		diffstat=--stat ;;
-	--log|--no-log)
-		log_arg=$1 ;;
-	--no-c|--no-co|--no-com|--no-comm|--no-commi|--no-commit)
-		no_commit=--no-commit ;;
-	--c|--co|--com|--comm|--commi|--commit)
-		no_commit=--commit ;;
-	-e|--edit)
-		edit=--edit ;;
-	--no-edit)
-		edit=--no-edit ;;
-	--sq|--squ|--squa|--squas|--squash)
-		squash=--squash ;;
-	--no-sq|--no-squ|--no-squa|--no-squas|--no-squash)
-		squash=--no-squash ;;
-	--ff)
-		no_ff=--ff ;;
-	--no-ff)
-		no_ff=--no-ff ;;
-	--ff-only)
-		ff_only=--ff-only ;;
-	-s=*|--s=*|--st=*|--str=*|--stra=*|--strat=*|--strate=*|\
-		--strateg=*|--strategy=*|\
-	-s|--s|--st|--str|--stra|--strat|--strate|--strateg|--strategy)
-		case "$#,$1" in
-		*,*=*)
-			strategy=$(expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)') ;;
-		1,*)
-			usage ;;
-		*)
-			strategy="$2"
-			shift ;;
-		esac
-		strategy_args="${strategy_args}-s $strategy "
-		;;
-	-X*)
-		case "$#,$1" in
-		1,-X)
-			usage ;;
-		*,-X)
-			xx="-X $(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$2")"
-			shift ;;
-		*,*)
-			xx=$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$1") ;;
-		esac
-		merge_args="$merge_args$xx "
-		;;
-	-r=*|--r=*|--re=*|--reb=*|--reba=*|--rebas=*|--rebase=*)
-		rebase="${1#*=}"
-		;;
-	-r|--r|--re|--reb|--reba|--rebas|--rebase)
-		rebase=true
-		;;
-	--no-r|--no-re|--no-reb|--no-reba|--no-rebas|--no-rebase)
-		rebase=false
-		;;
-	--recurse-submodules)
-		recurse_submodules=--recurse-submodules
-		;;
-	--recurse-submodules=*)
-		recurse_submodules="$1"
-		;;
-	--no-recurse-submodules)
-		recurse_submodules=--no-recurse-submodules
-		;;
-	--verify-signatures)
-		verify_signatures=--verify-signatures
-		;;
-	--no-verify-signatures)
-		verify_signatures=--no-verify-signatures
-		;;
-	--gpg-sign|-S)
-		gpg_sign_args=-S
-		;;
-	--gpg-sign=*)
-		gpg_sign_args=$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "-S${1#--gpg-sign=}")
-		;;
-	-S*)
-		gpg_sign_args=$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$1")
-		;;
-	--d|--dr|--dry|--dry-|--dry-r|--dry-ru|--dry-run)
-		dry_run=--dry-run
-		;;
-	-h|--help-all)
-		usage
-		;;
-	*)
-		# Pass thru anything that may be meant for fetch.
-		break
-		;;
-	esac
-	shift
-done
-
-case "$rebase" in
-preserve)
-	rebase=true
-	rebase_args=--preserve-merges
-	;;
-true|false|'')
-	;;
-*)
-	echo "Invalid value for --rebase, should be true, false, or preserve"
-	usage
-	exit 1
-	;;
-esac
-
-error_on_no_merge_candidates () {
-	exec >&2
-	for opt
-	do
-		case "$opt" in
-		-t|--t|--ta|--tag|--tags)
-			echo "It doesn't make sense to pull all tags; you probably meant:"
-			echo "  git fetch --tags"
-			exit 1
-		esac
-	done
-
-	if test true = "$rebase"
-	then
-		op_type=rebase
-		op_prep=against
-	else
-		op_type=merge
-		op_prep=with
-	fi
-
-	upstream=$(git config "branch.$curr_branch_short.merge")
-	remote=$(git config "branch.$curr_branch_short.remote")
-
-	if [ $# -gt 1 ]; then
-		if [ "$rebase" = true ]; then
-			printf "There is no candidate for rebasing against "
-		else
-			printf "There are no candidates for merging "
-		fi
-		echo "among the refs that you just fetched."
-		echo "Generally this means that you provided a wildcard refspec which had no"
-		echo "matches on the remote end."
-	elif [ $# -gt 0 ] && [ "$1" != "$remote" ]; then
-		echo "You asked to pull from the remote '$1', but did not specify"
-		echo "a branch. Because this is not the default configured remote"
-		echo "for your current branch, you must specify a branch on the command line."
-	elif [ -z "$curr_branch" -o -z "$upstream" ]; then
-		. git-parse-remote
-		error_on_missing_default_upstream "pull" $op_type $op_prep \
-			"git pull <remote> <branch>"
-	else
-		echo "Your configuration specifies to $op_type $op_prep the ref '${upstream#refs/heads/}'"
-		echo "from the remote, but no such ref was fetched."
-	fi
-	exit 1
-}
-
-test true = "$rebase" && {
-	if ! git rev-parse -q --verify HEAD >/dev/null
-	then
-		# On an unborn branch
-		if test -f "$GIT_DIR/index"
-		then
-			die "$(gettext "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index")"
-		fi
-	else
-		require_clean_work_tree "pull with rebase" "Please commit or stash them."
-	fi
-	oldremoteref= &&
-	test -n "$curr_branch" &&
-	. git-parse-remote &&
-	remoteref="$(get_remote_merge_branch "$@" 2>/dev/null)" &&
-	oldremoteref=$(git merge-base --fork-point "$remoteref" $curr_branch 2>/dev/null)
-}
-orig_head=$(git rev-parse -q --verify HEAD)
-git fetch $verbosity $progress $dry_run $recurse_submodules --update-head-ok "$@" || exit 1
-test -z "$dry_run" || exit 0
-
-curr_head=$(git rev-parse -q --verify HEAD)
-if test -n "$orig_head" && test "$curr_head" != "$orig_head"
-then
-	# The fetch involved updating the current branch.
-
-	# The working tree and the index file is still based on the
-	# $orig_head commit, but we are merging into $curr_head.
-	# First update the working tree to match $curr_head.
-
-	eval_gettextln "Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.
-Warning: fast-forwarding your working tree from
-Warning: commit \$orig_head." >&2
-	git update-index -q --refresh
-	git read-tree -u -m "$orig_head" "$curr_head" ||
-		die "$(eval_gettext "Cannot fast-forward your working tree.
-After making sure that you saved anything precious from
-$ git diff \$orig_head
-output, run
-$ git reset --hard
-to recover.")"
-
-fi
-
-merge_head=$(sed -e '/	not-for-merge	/d' \
-	-e 's/	.*//' "$GIT_DIR"/FETCH_HEAD | \
-	tr '\012' ' ')
-
-case "$merge_head" in
-'')
-	error_on_no_merge_candidates "$@"
-	;;
-?*' '?*)
-	if test -z "$orig_head"
-	then
-		die "$(gettext "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head")"
-	fi
-	if test true = "$rebase"
-	then
-		die "$(gettext "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches")"
-	fi
-	;;
-esac
-
-# Pulling into unborn branch: a shorthand for branching off
-# FETCH_HEAD, for lazy typers.
-if test -z "$orig_head"
-then
-	# Two-way merge: we claim the index is based on an empty tree,
-	# and try to fast-forward to HEAD.  This ensures we will not
-	# lose index/worktree changes that the user already made on
-	# the unborn branch.
-	empty_tree=4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904
-	git read-tree -m -u $empty_tree $merge_head &&
-	git update-ref -m "initial pull" HEAD $merge_head "$curr_head"
-	exit
-fi
-
-if test true = "$rebase"
-then
-	o=$(git show-branch --merge-base $curr_branch $merge_head $oldremoteref)
-	if test "$oldremoteref" = "$o"
-	then
-		unset oldremoteref
-	fi
-fi
-
-merge_name=$(git fmt-merge-msg $log_arg <"$GIT_DIR/FETCH_HEAD") || exit
-case "$rebase" in
-true)
-	eval="git-rebase $diffstat $strategy_args $merge_args $rebase_args $verbosity"
-	eval="$eval $gpg_sign_args"
-	eval="$eval --onto $merge_head ${oldremoteref:-$merge_head}"
-	;;
-*)
-	eval="git-merge $diffstat $no_commit $verify_signatures $edit $squash $no_ff $ff_only"
-	eval="$eval $log_arg $strategy_args $merge_args $verbosity $progress"
-	eval="$eval $gpg_sign_args"
-	eval="$eval \"\$merge_name\" HEAD $merge_head"
-	;;
-esac
-eval "exec $eval"
diff --git a/git-quiltimport.sh b/git-quiltimport.sh
index 167d79fea8..6d3a88decd 100755
--- a/git-quiltimport.sh
+++ b/git-quiltimport.sh
@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ git quiltimport [options]
 --
 n,dry-run     dry run
 author=       author name and email address for patches without any
-patches=      path to the quilt series and patches
+patches=      path to the quilt patches
+series=       path to the quilt series file
 "
 SUBDIRECTORY_ON=Yes
 . git-sh-setup
@@ -27,6 +28,10 @@ do
 		shift
 		QUILT_PATCHES="$1"
 		;;
+	--series)
+		shift
+		QUILT_SERIES="$1"
+		;;
 	--)
 		shift
 		break;;
@@ -53,6 +58,13 @@ if ! [ -d "$QUILT_PATCHES" ] ; then
 	exit 1
 fi
 
+# Quilt series file
+: ${QUILT_SERIES:=$QUILT_PATCHES/series}
+if ! [ -e "$QUILT_SERIES" ] ; then
+	echo "The \"$QUILT_SERIES\" file does not exist."
+	exit 1
+fi
+
 # Temporary directories
 tmp_dir="$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply
 tmp_msg="$tmp_dir/msg"
@@ -135,5 +147,5 @@ do
 		commit=$( (echo "$SUBJECT"; echo; cat "$tmp_msg") | git commit-tree $tree -p $commit) &&
 		git update-ref -m "quiltimport: $patch_name" HEAD $commit || exit 4
 	fi
-done 3<"$QUILT_PATCHES/series"
+done 3<"$QUILT_SERIES"
 rm -rf $tmp_dir || exit 5
diff --git a/git-rebase--am.sh b/git-rebase--am.sh
index f923732333..99b8c17787 100644
--- a/git-rebase--am.sh
+++ b/git-rebase--am.sh
@@ -4,15 +4,6 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2010 Junio C Hamano.
 #
 
-# The whole contents of this file is run by dot-sourcing it from
-# inside a shell function.  It used to be that "return"s we see
-# below were not inside any function, and expected to return
-# to the function that dot-sourced us.
-#
-# However, FreeBSD /bin/sh misbehaves on such a construct and
-# continues to run the statements that follow such a "return".
-# As a work-around, we introduce an extra layer of a function
-# here, and immediately call it after defining it.
 git_rebase__am () {
 
 case "$action" in
@@ -27,6 +18,9 @@ skip)
 	move_to_original_branch
 	return
 	;;
+show-current-patch)
+	exec git am --show-current-patch
+	;;
 esac
 
 if test -z "$rebase_root"
@@ -38,55 +32,47 @@ else
 fi
 
 ret=0
-if test -n "$keep_empty"
-then
-	# we have to do this the hard way.  git format-patch completely squashes
-	# empty commits and even if it didn't the format doesn't really lend
-	# itself well to recording empty patches.  fortunately, cherry-pick
-	# makes this easy
-	git cherry-pick ${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} --allow-empty \
-		--right-only "$revisions" \
-		${restrict_revision+^$restrict_revision}
-	ret=$?
-else
-	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
+rm -f "$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
 
-	git format-patch -k --stdout --full-index --cherry-pick --right-only \
-		--src-prefix=a/ --dst-prefix=b/ --no-renames --no-cover-letter \
-		"$revisions" ${restrict_revision+^$restrict_revision} \
-		>"$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
-	ret=$?
+git format-patch -k --stdout --full-index --cherry-pick --right-only \
+	--src-prefix=a/ --dst-prefix=b/ --no-renames --no-cover-letter \
+	--pretty=mboxrd \
+	$git_format_patch_opt \
+	"$revisions" ${restrict_revision+^$restrict_revision} \
+	>"$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
+ret=$?
 
-	if test 0 != $ret
-	then
-		rm -f "$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
-		case "$head_name" in
-		refs/heads/*)
-			git checkout -q "$head_name"
-			;;
-		*)
-			git checkout -q "$orig_head"
-			;;
-		esac
+if test 0 != $ret
+then
+	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
+	case "$head_name" in
+	refs/heads/*)
+		git checkout -q "$head_name"
+		;;
+	*)
+		git checkout -q "$orig_head"
+		;;
+	esac
 
-		cat >&2 <<-EOF
+	cat >&2 <<-EOF
 
-		git encountered an error while preparing the patches to replay
-		these revisions:
+	git encountered an error while preparing the patches to replay
+	these revisions:
 
-		    $revisions
+	    $revisions
 
-		As a result, git cannot rebase them.
-		EOF
-		return $?
-	fi
+	As a result, git cannot rebase them.
+	EOF
+	return $ret
+fi
 
-	git am $git_am_opt --rebasing --resolvemsg="$resolvemsg" \
-		${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} <"$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
-	ret=$?
+git am $git_am_opt --rebasing --resolvemsg="$resolvemsg" \
+	--patch-format=mboxrd \
+	$allow_rerere_autoupdate \
+	${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} <"$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
+ret=$?
 
-	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
-fi
+rm -f "$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
 
 if test 0 != $ret
 then
@@ -97,5 +83,3 @@ fi
 move_to_original_branch
 
 }
-# ... and then we call the whole thing.
-git_rebase__am
diff --git a/git-rebase--interactive.sh b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
index f7deeb096e..299ded2137 100644
--- a/git-rebase--interactive.sh
+++ b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Johannes E. Schindelin
 #
 # The original idea comes from Eric W. Biederman, in
-# http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/22407
+# https://public-inbox.org/git/m1odwkyuf5.fsf_-_@ebiederm.dsl.xmission.com/
 #
 # The file containing rebase commands, comments, and empty lines.
 # This file is created by "git rebase -i" then edited by the user.  As
@@ -13,96 +13,20 @@
 # file and written to the tail of $done.
 todo="$state_dir"/git-rebase-todo
 
-# The rebase command lines that have already been processed.  A line
-# is moved here when it is first handled, before any associated user
-# actions.
-done="$state_dir"/done
-
-# The commit message that is planned to be used for any changes that
-# need to be committed following a user interaction.
-msg="$state_dir"/message
-
-# The file into which is accumulated the suggested commit message for
-# squash/fixup commands.  When the first of a series of squash/fixups
-# is seen, the file is created and the commit message from the
-# previous commit and from the first squash/fixup commit are written
-# to it.  The commit message for each subsequent squash/fixup commit
-# is appended to the file as it is processed.
-#
-# The first line of the file is of the form
-#     # This is a combination of $count commits.
-# where $count is the number of commits whose messages have been
-# written to the file so far (including the initial "pick" commit).
-# Each time that a commit message is processed, this line is read and
-# updated.  It is deleted just before the combined commit is made.
-squash_msg="$state_dir"/message-squash
-
-# If the current series of squash/fixups has not yet included a squash
-# command, then this file exists and holds the commit message of the
-# original "pick" commit.  (If the series ends without a "squash"
-# command, then this can be used as the commit message of the combined
-# commit without opening the editor.)
-fixup_msg="$state_dir"/message-fixup
-
-# $rewritten is the name of a directory containing files for each
-# commit that is reachable by at least one merge base of $head and
-# $upstream. They are not necessarily rewritten, but their children
-# might be.  This ensures that commits on merged, but otherwise
-# unrelated side branches are left alone. (Think "X" in the man page's
-# example.)
-rewritten="$state_dir"/rewritten
-
-dropped="$state_dir"/dropped
-
-end="$state_dir"/end
-msgnum="$state_dir"/msgnum
-
-# A script to set the GIT_AUTHOR_NAME, GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL, and
-# GIT_AUTHOR_DATE that will be used for the commit that is currently
-# being rebased.
-author_script="$state_dir"/author-script
-
-# When an "edit" rebase command is being processed, the SHA1 of the
-# commit to be edited is recorded in this file.  When "git rebase
-# --continue" is executed, if there are any staged changes then they
-# will be amended to the HEAD commit, but only provided the HEAD
-# commit is still the commit to be edited.  When any other rebase
-# command is processed, this file is deleted.
-amend="$state_dir"/amend
-
-# For the post-rewrite hook, we make a list of rewritten commits and
-# their new sha1s.  The rewritten-pending list keeps the sha1s of
-# commits that have been processed, but not committed yet,
-# e.g. because they are waiting for a 'squash' command.
-rewritten_list="$state_dir"/rewritten-list
-rewritten_pending="$state_dir"/rewritten-pending
-
-strategy_args=
-if test -n "$do_merge"
-then
-	strategy_args=${strategy:+--strategy=$strategy}
-	eval '
-		for strategy_opt in '"$strategy_opts"'
-		do
-			strategy_args="$strategy_args -X$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "${strategy_opt#--}")"
-		done
-	'
-fi
-
 GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP="$resolvemsg"
 export GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP
 
-comment_char=$(git config --get core.commentchar 2>/dev/null | cut -c1)
-: ${comment_char:=#}
-
-warn () {
-	printf '%s\n' "$*" >&2
-}
-
-# Output the commit message for the specified commit.
-commit_message () {
-	git cat-file commit "$1" | sed "1,/^$/d"
-}
+comment_char=$(git config --get core.commentchar 2>/dev/null)
+case "$comment_char" in
+'' | auto)
+	comment_char="#"
+	;;
+?)
+	;;
+*)
+	comment_char=$(echo "$comment_char" | cut -c1)
+	;;
+esac
 
 orig_reflog_action="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"
 
@@ -115,83 +39,40 @@ comment_for_reflog () {
 	esac
 }
 
-last_count=
-mark_action_done () {
-	sed -e 1q < "$todo" >> "$done"
-	sed -e 1d < "$todo" >> "$todo".new
-	mv -f "$todo".new "$todo"
-	new_count=$(git stripspace --strip-comments <"$done" | wc -l)
-	echo $new_count >"$msgnum"
-	total=$(($new_count + $(git stripspace --strip-comments <"$todo" | wc -l)))
-	echo $total >"$end"
-	if test "$last_count" != "$new_count"
-	then
-		last_count=$new_count
-		printf "Rebasing (%d/%d)\r" $new_count $total
-		test -z "$verbose" || echo
-	fi
-}
-
 append_todo_help () {
-	git stripspace --comment-lines >>"$todo" <<\EOF
-
+	gettext "
 Commands:
- p, pick = use commit
- r, reword = use commit, but edit the commit message
- e, edit = use commit, but stop for amending
- s, squash = use commit, but meld into previous commit
- f, fixup = like "squash", but discard this commit's log message
- x, exec = run command (the rest of the line) using shell
+p, pick <commit> = use commit
+r, reword <commit> = use commit, but edit the commit message
+e, edit <commit> = use commit, but stop for amending
+s, squash <commit> = use commit, but meld into previous commit
+f, fixup <commit> = like \"squash\", but discard this commit's log message
+x, exec <command> = run command (the rest of the line) using shell
+d, drop <commit> = remove commit
+l, label <label> = label current HEAD with a name
+t, reset <label> = reset HEAD to a label
+m, merge [-C <commit> | -c <commit>] <label> [# <oneline>]
+.       create a merge commit using the original merge commit's
+.       message (or the oneline, if no original merge commit was
+.       specified). Use -c <commit> to reword the commit message.
 
 These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.
+" | git stripspace --comment-lines >>"$todo"
 
+	if test $(get_missing_commit_check_level) = error
+	then
+		gettext "
+Do not remove any line. Use 'drop' explicitly to remove a commit.
+" | git stripspace --comment-lines >>"$todo"
+	else
+		gettext "
 If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.
-EOF
-}
-
-make_patch () {
-	sha1_and_parents="$(git rev-list --parents -1 "$1")"
-	case "$sha1_and_parents" in
-	?*' '?*' '?*)
-		git diff --cc $sha1_and_parents
-		;;
-	?*' '?*)
-		git diff-tree -p "$1^!"
-		;;
-	*)
-		echo "Root commit"
-		;;
-	esac > "$state_dir"/patch
-	test -f "$msg" ||
-		commit_message "$1" > "$msg"
-	test -f "$author_script" ||
-		get_author_ident_from_commit "$1" > "$author_script"
-}
-
-die_with_patch () {
-	echo "$1" > "$state_dir"/stopped-sha
-	make_patch "$1"
-	git rerere
-	die "$2"
-}
-
-exit_with_patch () {
-	echo "$1" > "$state_dir"/stopped-sha
-	make_patch $1
-	git rev-parse --verify HEAD > "$amend"
-	gpg_sign_opt_quoted=${gpg_sign_opt:+$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$gpg_sign_opt")}
-	warn "You can amend the commit now, with"
-	warn
-	warn "	git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted"
-	warn
-	warn "Once you are satisfied with your changes, run"
-	warn
-	warn "	git rebase --continue"
-	warn
-	exit $2
+" | git stripspace --comment-lines >>"$todo"
+	fi
 }
 
 die_abort () {
+	apply_autostash
 	rm -rf "$state_dir"
 	die "$1"
 }
@@ -200,28 +81,6 @@ has_action () {
 	test -n "$(git stripspace --strip-comments <"$1")"
 }
 
-is_empty_commit() {
-	tree=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$1"^{tree} 2>/dev/null ||
-		die "$1: not a commit that can be picked")
-	ptree=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$1"^^{tree} 2>/dev/null ||
-		ptree=4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904)
-	test "$tree" = "$ptree"
-}
-
-is_merge_commit()
-{
-	git rev-parse --verify --quiet "$1"^2 >/dev/null 2>&1
-}
-
-# Run command with GIT_AUTHOR_NAME, GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL, and
-# GIT_AUTHOR_DATE exported from the current environment.
-do_with_author () {
-	(
-		export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
-		"$@"
-	)
-}
-
 git_sequence_editor () {
 	if test -z "$GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR"
 	then
@@ -235,840 +94,190 @@ git_sequence_editor () {
 	eval "$GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR" '"$@"'
 }
 
-pick_one () {
-	ff=--ff
-
-	case "$1" in -n) sha1=$2; ff= ;; *) sha1=$1 ;; esac
-	case "$force_rebase" in '') ;; ?*) ff= ;; esac
-	output git rev-parse --verify $sha1 || die "Invalid commit name: $sha1"
-
-	if is_empty_commit "$sha1"
-	then
-		empty_args="--allow-empty"
-	fi
-
-	test -d "$rewritten" &&
-		pick_one_preserving_merges "$@" && return
-	output eval git cherry-pick \
-			${gpg_sign_opt:+$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$gpg_sign_opt")} \
-			"$strategy_args" $empty_args $ff "$@"
-}
-
-pick_one_preserving_merges () {
-	fast_forward=t
-	case "$1" in
-	-n)
-		fast_forward=f
-		sha1=$2
-		;;
-	*)
-		sha1=$1
-		;;
-	esac
-	sha1=$(git rev-parse $sha1)
-
-	if test -f "$state_dir"/current-commit
-	then
-		if test "$fast_forward" = t
-		then
-			while read current_commit
-			do
-				git rev-parse HEAD > "$rewritten"/$current_commit
-			done <"$state_dir"/current-commit
-			rm "$state_dir"/current-commit ||
-			die "Cannot write current commit's replacement sha1"
-		fi
-	fi
-
-	echo $sha1 >> "$state_dir"/current-commit
-
-	# rewrite parents; if none were rewritten, we can fast-forward.
-	new_parents=
-	pend=" $(git rev-list --parents -1 $sha1 | cut -d' ' -s -f2-)"
-	if test "$pend" = " "
-	then
-		pend=" root"
-	fi
-	while [ "$pend" != "" ]
-	do
-		p=$(expr "$pend" : ' \([^ ]*\)')
-		pend="${pend# $p}"
-
-		if test -f "$rewritten"/$p
-		then
-			new_p=$(cat "$rewritten"/$p)
-
-			# If the todo reordered commits, and our parent is marked for
-			# rewriting, but hasn't been gotten to yet, assume the user meant to
-			# drop it on top of the current HEAD
-			if test -z "$new_p"
-			then
-				new_p=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
-			fi
-
-			test $p != $new_p && fast_forward=f
-			case "$new_parents" in
-			*$new_p*)
-				;; # do nothing; that parent is already there
-			*)
-				new_parents="$new_parents $new_p"
-				;;
-			esac
-		else
-			if test -f "$dropped"/$p
-			then
-				fast_forward=f
-				replacement="$(cat "$dropped"/$p)"
-				test -z "$replacement" && replacement=root
-				pend=" $replacement$pend"
-			else
-				new_parents="$new_parents $p"
-			fi
-		fi
-	done
-	case $fast_forward in
-	t)
-		output warn "Fast-forward to $sha1"
-		output git reset --hard $sha1 ||
-			die "Cannot fast-forward to $sha1"
-		;;
-	f)
-		first_parent=$(expr "$new_parents" : ' \([^ ]*\)')
-
-		if [ "$1" != "-n" ]
-		then
-			# detach HEAD to current parent
-			output git checkout $first_parent 2> /dev/null ||
-				die "Cannot move HEAD to $first_parent"
-		fi
-
-		case "$new_parents" in
-		' '*' '*)
-			test "a$1" = a-n && die "Refusing to squash a merge: $sha1"
-
-			# redo merge
-			author_script_content=$(get_author_ident_from_commit $sha1)
-			eval "$author_script_content"
-			msg_content="$(commit_message $sha1)"
-			# No point in merging the first parent, that's HEAD
-			new_parents=${new_parents# $first_parent}
-			merge_args="--no-log --no-ff"
-			if ! do_with_author output eval \
-			'git merge ${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} \
-				$merge_args $strategy_args -m "$msg_content" $new_parents'
-			then
-				printf "%s\n" "$msg_content" > "$GIT_DIR"/MERGE_MSG
-				die_with_patch $sha1 "Error redoing merge $sha1"
-			fi
-			echo "$sha1 $(git rev-parse HEAD^0)" >> "$rewritten_list"
-			;;
-		*)
-			output eval git cherry-pick \
-				${gpg_sign_opt:+$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$gpg_sign_opt")} \
-				"$strategy_args" "$@" ||
-				die_with_patch $sha1 "Could not pick $sha1"
-			;;
-		esac
-		;;
-	esac
-}
-
-nth_string () {
-	case "$1" in
-	*1[0-9]|*[04-9]) echo "$1"th;;
-	*1) echo "$1"st;;
-	*2) echo "$1"nd;;
-	*3) echo "$1"rd;;
-	esac
-}
-
-update_squash_messages () {
-	if test -f "$squash_msg"; then
-		mv "$squash_msg" "$squash_msg".bak || exit
-		count=$(($(sed -n \
-			-e "1s/^. This is a combination of \(.*\) commits\./\1/p" \
-			-e "q" < "$squash_msg".bak)+1))
-		{
-			printf '%s\n' "$comment_char This is a combination of $count commits."
-			sed -e 1d -e '2,/^./{
-				/^$/d
-			}' <"$squash_msg".bak
-		} >"$squash_msg"
-	else
-		commit_message HEAD > "$fixup_msg" || die "Cannot write $fixup_msg"
-		count=2
-		{
-			printf '%s\n' "$comment_char This is a combination of 2 commits."
-			printf '%s\n' "$comment_char The first commit's message is:"
-			echo
-			cat "$fixup_msg"
-		} >"$squash_msg"
-	fi
-	case $1 in
-	squash)
-		rm -f "$fixup_msg"
-		echo
-		printf '%s\n' "$comment_char This is the $(nth_string $count) commit message:"
-		echo
-		commit_message $2
-		;;
-	fixup)
-		echo
-		printf '%s\n' "$comment_char The $(nth_string $count) commit message will be skipped:"
-		echo
-		# Change the space after the comment character to TAB:
-		commit_message $2 | git stripspace --comment-lines | sed -e 's/ /	/'
-		;;
-	esac >>"$squash_msg"
-}
-
-peek_next_command () {
-	git stripspace --strip-comments <"$todo" | sed -n -e 's/ .*//p' -e q
+expand_todo_ids() {
+	git rebase--helper --expand-ids
 }
 
-# A squash/fixup has failed.  Prepare the long version of the squash
-# commit message, then die_with_patch.  This code path requires the
-# user to edit the combined commit message for all commits that have
-# been squashed/fixedup so far.  So also erase the old squash
-# messages, effectively causing the combined commit to be used as the
-# new basis for any further squash/fixups.  Args: sha1 rest
-die_failed_squash() {
-	mv "$squash_msg" "$msg" || exit
-	rm -f "$fixup_msg"
-	cp "$msg" "$GIT_DIR"/MERGE_MSG || exit
-	warn
-	warn "Could not apply $1... $2"
-	die_with_patch $1 ""
+collapse_todo_ids() {
+	git rebase--helper --shorten-ids
 }
 
-flush_rewritten_pending() {
-	test -s "$rewritten_pending" || return
-	newsha1="$(git rev-parse HEAD^0)"
-	sed "s/$/ $newsha1/" < "$rewritten_pending" >> "$rewritten_list"
-	rm -f "$rewritten_pending"
+# Switch to the branch in $into and notify it in the reflog
+checkout_onto () {
+	GIT_REFLOG_ACTION="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: checkout $onto_name"
+	output git checkout $onto || die_abort "$(gettext "could not detach HEAD")"
+	git update-ref ORIG_HEAD $orig_head
 }
 
-record_in_rewritten() {
-	oldsha1="$(git rev-parse $1)"
-	echo "$oldsha1" >> "$rewritten_pending"
-
-	case "$(peek_next_command)" in
-	squash|s|fixup|f)
-		;;
-	*)
-		flush_rewritten_pending
-		;;
-	esac
+get_missing_commit_check_level () {
+	check_level=$(git config --get rebase.missingCommitsCheck)
+	check_level=${check_level:-ignore}
+	# Don't be case sensitive
+	printf '%s' "$check_level" | tr 'A-Z' 'a-z'
 }
 
-do_pick () {
-	if test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$squash_onto"
-	then
-		# Set the correct commit message and author info on the
-		# sentinel root before cherry-picking the original changes
-		# without committing (-n).  Finally, update the sentinel again
-		# to include these changes.  If the cherry-pick results in a
-		# conflict, this means our behaviour is similar to a standard
-		# failed cherry-pick during rebase, with a dirty index to
-		# resolve before manually running git commit --amend then git
-		# rebase --continue.
-		git commit --allow-empty --allow-empty-message --amend \
-			   --no-post-rewrite -n -q -C $1 &&
-			pick_one -n $1 &&
-			git commit --allow-empty --allow-empty-message \
-				   --amend --no-post-rewrite -n -q -C $1 \
-				   ${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} ||
-			die_with_patch $1 "Could not apply $1... $2"
-	else
-		pick_one $1 ||
-			die_with_patch $1 "Could not apply $1... $2"
-	fi
-}
-
-do_next () {
-	rm -f "$msg" "$author_script" "$amend" || exit
-	read -r command sha1 rest < "$todo"
-	case "$command" in
-	"$comment_char"*|''|noop)
-		mark_action_done
-		;;
-	pick|p)
-		comment_for_reflog pick
-
-		mark_action_done
-		do_pick $sha1 "$rest"
-		record_in_rewritten $sha1
+# Initiate an action. If the cannot be any
+# further action it  may exec a command
+# or exit and not return.
+#
+# TODO: Consider a cleaner return model so it
+# never exits and always return 0 if process
+# is complete.
+#
+# Parameter 1 is the action to initiate.
+#
+# Returns 0 if the action was able to complete
+# and if 1 if further processing is required.
+initiate_action () {
+	case "$1" in
+	continue)
+		exec git rebase--helper ${force_rebase:+--no-ff} $allow_empty_message \
+		     --continue
 		;;
-	reword|r)
-		comment_for_reflog reword
-
-		mark_action_done
-		do_pick $sha1 "$rest"
-		git commit --amend --no-post-rewrite ${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} || {
-			warn "Could not amend commit after successfully picking $sha1... $rest"
-			warn "This is most likely due to an empty commit message, or the pre-commit hook"
-			warn "failed. If the pre-commit hook failed, you may need to resolve the issue before"
-			warn "you are able to reword the commit."
-			exit_with_patch $sha1 1
-		}
-		record_in_rewritten $sha1
+	skip)
+		git rerere clear
+		exec git rebase--helper ${force_rebase:+--no-ff} $allow_empty_message \
+		     --continue
 		;;
-	edit|e)
-		comment_for_reflog edit
+	edit-todo)
+		git stripspace --strip-comments <"$todo" >"$todo".new
+		mv -f "$todo".new "$todo"
+		collapse_todo_ids
+		append_todo_help
+		gettext "
+You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.
+To continue rebase after editing, run:
+    git rebase --continue
 
-		mark_action_done
-		do_pick $sha1 "$rest"
-		warn "Stopped at $sha1... $rest"
-		exit_with_patch $sha1 0
-		;;
-	squash|s|fixup|f)
-		case "$command" in
-		squash|s)
-			squash_style=squash
-			;;
-		fixup|f)
-			squash_style=fixup
-			;;
-		esac
-		comment_for_reflog $squash_style
+" | git stripspace --comment-lines >>"$todo"
 
-		test -f "$done" && has_action "$done" ||
-			die "Cannot '$squash_style' without a previous commit"
+		git_sequence_editor "$todo" ||
+			die "$(gettext "Could not execute editor")"
+		expand_todo_ids
 
-		mark_action_done
-		update_squash_messages $squash_style $sha1
-		author_script_content=$(get_author_ident_from_commit HEAD)
-		echo "$author_script_content" > "$author_script"
-		eval "$author_script_content"
-		if ! pick_one -n $sha1
-		then
-			git rev-parse --verify HEAD >"$amend"
-			die_failed_squash $sha1 "$rest"
-		fi
-		case "$(peek_next_command)" in
-		squash|s|fixup|f)
-			# This is an intermediate commit; its message will only be
-			# used in case of trouble.  So use the long version:
-			do_with_author output git commit --amend --no-verify -F "$squash_msg" \
-				${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} ||
-				die_failed_squash $sha1 "$rest"
-			;;
-		*)
-			# This is the final command of this squash/fixup group
-			if test -f "$fixup_msg"
-			then
-				do_with_author git commit --amend --no-verify -F "$fixup_msg" \
-					${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} ||
-					die_failed_squash $sha1 "$rest"
-			else
-				cp "$squash_msg" "$GIT_DIR"/SQUASH_MSG || exit
-				rm -f "$GIT_DIR"/MERGE_MSG
-				do_with_author git commit --amend --no-verify -F "$GIT_DIR"/SQUASH_MSG -e \
-					${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} ||
-					die_failed_squash $sha1 "$rest"
-			fi
-			rm -f "$squash_msg" "$fixup_msg"
-			;;
-		esac
-		record_in_rewritten $sha1
+		exit
 		;;
-	x|"exec")
-		read -r command rest < "$todo"
-		mark_action_done
-		printf 'Executing: %s\n' "$rest"
-		# "exec" command doesn't take a sha1 in the todo-list.
-		# => can't just use $sha1 here.
-		git rev-parse --verify HEAD > "$state_dir"/stopped-sha
-		${SHELL:-@SHELL_PATH@} -c "$rest" # Actual execution
-		status=$?
-		# Run in subshell because require_clean_work_tree can die.
-		dirty=f
-		(require_clean_work_tree "rebase" 2>/dev/null) || dirty=t
-		if test "$status" -ne 0
-		then
-			warn "Execution failed: $rest"
-			test "$dirty" = f ||
-			warn "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree"
-
-			warn "You can fix the problem, and then run"
-			warn
-			warn "	git rebase --continue"
-			warn
-			if test $status -eq 127		# command not found
-			then
-				status=1
-			fi
-			exit "$status"
-		elif test "$dirty" = t
-		then
-			warn "Execution succeeded: $rest"
-			warn "but left changes to the index and/or the working tree"
-			warn "Commit or stash your changes, and then run"
-			warn
-			warn "	git rebase --continue"
-			warn
-			exit 1
-		fi
+	show-current-patch)
+		exec git show REBASE_HEAD --
 		;;
 	*)
-		warn "Unknown command: $command $sha1 $rest"
-		fixtodo="Please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
-		if git rev-parse --verify -q "$sha1" >/dev/null
-		then
-			die_with_patch $sha1 "$fixtodo"
-		else
-			die "$fixtodo"
-		fi
+		return 1 # continue
 		;;
 	esac
-	test -s "$todo" && return
-
-	comment_for_reflog finish &&
-	newhead=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
-	case $head_name in
-	refs/*)
-		message="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: $head_name onto $onto" &&
-		git update-ref -m "$message" $head_name $newhead $orig_head &&
-		git symbolic-ref \
-		  -m "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: returning to $head_name" \
-		  HEAD $head_name
-		;;
-	esac && {
-		test ! -f "$state_dir"/verbose ||
-			git diff-tree --stat $orig_head..HEAD
-	} &&
-	{
-		test -s "$rewritten_list" &&
-		git notes copy --for-rewrite=rebase < "$rewritten_list" ||
-		true # we don't care if this copying failed
-	} &&
-	if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-rewrite &&
-		test -s "$rewritten_list"; then
-		"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-rewrite rebase < "$rewritten_list"
-		true # we don't care if this hook failed
-	fi &&
-	warn "Successfully rebased and updated $head_name."
-
-	return 1 # not failure; just to break the do_rest loop
-}
-
-# can only return 0, when the infinite loop breaks
-do_rest () {
-	while :
-	do
-		do_next || break
-	done
-}
-
-# skip picking commits whose parents are unchanged
-skip_unnecessary_picks () {
-	fd=3
-	while read -r command rest
-	do
-		# fd=3 means we skip the command
-		case "$fd,$command" in
-		3,pick|3,p)
-			# pick a commit whose parent is current $onto -> skip
-			sha1=${rest%% *}
-			case "$(git rev-parse --verify --quiet "$sha1"^)" in
-			"$onto"*)
-				onto=$sha1
-				;;
-			*)
-				fd=1
-				;;
-			esac
-			;;
-		3,"$comment_char"*|3,)
-			# copy comments
-			;;
-		*)
-			fd=1
-			;;
-		esac
-		printf '%s\n' "$command${rest:+ }$rest" >&$fd
-	done <"$todo" >"$todo.new" 3>>"$done" &&
-	mv -f "$todo".new "$todo" &&
-	case "$(peek_next_command)" in
-	squash|s|fixup|f)
-		record_in_rewritten "$onto"
-		;;
-	esac ||
-	die "Could not skip unnecessary pick commands"
 }
 
-transform_todo_ids () {
-	while read -r command rest
-	do
-		case "$command" in
-		"$comment_char"* | exec)
-			# Be careful for oddball commands like 'exec'
-			# that do not have a SHA-1 at the beginning of $rest.
-			;;
-		*)
-			sha1=$(git rev-parse --verify --quiet "$@" ${rest%% *}) &&
-			rest="$sha1 ${rest#* }"
-			;;
-		esac
-		printf '%s\n' "$command${rest:+ }$rest"
-	done <"$todo" >"$todo.new" &&
-	mv -f "$todo.new" "$todo"
-}
+setup_reflog_action () {
+	comment_for_reflog start
 
-expand_todo_ids() {
-	transform_todo_ids
-}
+	if test ! -z "$switch_to"
+	then
+		GIT_REFLOG_ACTION="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: checkout $switch_to"
+		output git checkout "$switch_to" -- ||
+			die "$(eval_gettext "Could not checkout \$switch_to")"
 
-collapse_todo_ids() {
-	transform_todo_ids --short
+		comment_for_reflog start
+	fi
 }
 
-# Rearrange the todo list that has both "pick sha1 msg" and
-# "pick sha1 fixup!/squash! msg" appears in it so that the latter
-# comes immediately after the former, and change "pick" to
-# "fixup"/"squash".
-rearrange_squash () {
-	# extract fixup!/squash! lines and resolve any referenced sha1's
-	while read -r pick sha1 message
-	do
-		case "$message" in
-		"squash! "*|"fixup! "*)
-			action="${message%%!*}"
-			rest=$message
-			prefix=
-			# skip all squash! or fixup! (but save for later)
-			while :
-			do
-				case "$rest" in
-				"squash! "*|"fixup! "*)
-					prefix="$prefix${rest%%!*},"
-					rest="${rest#*! }"
-					;;
-				*)
-					break
-					;;
-				esac
-			done
-			printf '%s %s %s %s\n' "$sha1" "$action" "$prefix" "$rest"
-			# if it's a single word, try to resolve to a full sha1 and
-			# emit a second copy. This allows us to match on both message
-			# and on sha1 prefix
-			if test "${rest#* }" = "$rest"; then
-				fullsha="$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$rest" 2>/dev/null)"
-				if test -n "$fullsha"; then
-					# prefix the action to uniquely identify this line as
-					# intended for full sha1 match
-					echo "$sha1 +$action $prefix $fullsha"
-				fi
-			fi
-		esac
-	done >"$1.sq" <"$1"
-	test -s "$1.sq" || return
-
-	used=
-	while read -r pick sha1 message
-	do
-		case " $used" in
-		*" $sha1 "*) continue ;;
-		esac
-		printf '%s\n' "$pick $sha1 $message"
-		used="$used$sha1 "
-		while read -r squash action msg_prefix msg_content
-		do
-			case " $used" in
-			*" $squash "*) continue ;;
-			esac
-			emit=0
-			case "$action" in
-			+*)
-				action="${action#+}"
-				# full sha1 prefix test
-				case "$msg_content" in "$sha1"*) emit=1;; esac ;;
-			*)
-				# message prefix test
-				case "$message" in "$msg_content"*) emit=1;; esac ;;
-			esac
-			if test $emit = 1; then
-				real_prefix=$(echo "$msg_prefix" | sed "s/,/! /g")
-				printf '%s\n' "$action $squash ${real_prefix}$msg_content"
-				used="$used$squash "
-			fi
-		done <"$1.sq"
-	done >"$1.rearranged" <"$1"
-	cat "$1.rearranged" >"$1"
-	rm -f "$1.sq" "$1.rearranged"
-}
+init_basic_state () {
+	orig_head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) || die "$(gettext "No HEAD?")"
+	mkdir -p "$state_dir" || die "$(eval_gettext "Could not create temporary \$state_dir")"
+	rm -f "$(git rev-parse --git-path REBASE_HEAD)"
 
-# Add commands after a pick or after a squash/fixup serie
-# in the todo list.
-add_exec_commands () {
-	{
-		first=t
-		while read -r insn rest
-		do
-			case $insn in
-			pick)
-				test -n "$first" ||
-				printf "%s" "$cmd"
-				;;
-			esac
-			printf "%s %s\n" "$insn" "$rest"
-			first=
-		done
-		printf "%s" "$cmd"
-	} <"$1" >"$1.new" &&
-	mv "$1.new" "$1"
+	: > "$state_dir"/interactive || die "$(gettext "Could not mark as interactive")"
+	write_basic_state
 }
 
-# The whole contents of this file is run by dot-sourcing it from
-# inside a shell function.  It used to be that "return"s we see
-# below were not inside any function, and expected to return
-# to the function that dot-sourced us.
-#
-# However, FreeBSD /bin/sh misbehaves on such a construct and
-# continues to run the statements that follow such a "return".
-# As a work-around, we introduce an extra layer of a function
-# here, and immediately call it after defining it.
-git_rebase__interactive () {
-
-case "$action" in
-continue)
-	# do we have anything to commit?
-	if git diff-index --cached --quiet HEAD --
+init_revisions_and_shortrevisions () {
+	shorthead=$(git rev-parse --short $orig_head)
+	shortonto=$(git rev-parse --short $onto)
+	if test -z "$rebase_root"
+		# this is now equivalent to ! -z "$upstream"
 	then
-		: Nothing to commit -- skip this
+		shortupstream=$(git rev-parse --short $upstream)
+		revisions=$upstream...$orig_head
+		shortrevisions=$shortupstream..$shorthead
 	else
-		if ! test -f "$author_script"
-		then
-			gpg_sign_opt_quoted=${gpg_sign_opt:+$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$gpg_sign_opt")}
-			die "You have staged changes in your working tree. If these changes are meant to be
-squashed into the previous commit, run:
-
-  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted
-
-If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:
-
-  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted
-
-In both case, once you're done, continue with:
-
-  git rebase --continue
-"
-		fi
-		. "$author_script" ||
-			die "Error trying to find the author identity to amend commit"
-		if test -f "$amend"
-		then
-			current_head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
-			test "$current_head" = $(cat "$amend") ||
-			die "\
-You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please, commit them
-first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
-			do_with_author git commit --amend --no-verify -F "$msg" -e \
-				${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} ||
-				die "Could not commit staged changes."
-		else
-			do_with_author git commit --no-verify -F "$msg" -e \
-				${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} ||
-				die "Could not commit staged changes."
-		fi
+		revisions=$onto...$orig_head
+		shortrevisions=$shorthead
+		test -z "$squash_onto" ||
+		echo "$squash_onto" >"$state_dir"/squash-onto
 	fi
+}
 
-	record_in_rewritten "$(cat "$state_dir"/stopped-sha)"
+complete_action() {
+	test -s "$todo" || echo noop >> "$todo"
+	test -z "$autosquash" || git rebase--helper --rearrange-squash || exit
+	test -n "$cmd" && git rebase--helper --add-exec-commands "$cmd"
 
-	require_clean_work_tree "rebase"
-	do_rest
-	return 0
-	;;
-skip)
-	git rerere clear
+	todocount=$(git stripspace --strip-comments <"$todo" | wc -l)
+	todocount=${todocount##* }
 
-	do_rest
-	return 0
-	;;
-edit-todo)
-	git stripspace --strip-comments <"$todo" >"$todo".new
-	mv -f "$todo".new "$todo"
-	collapse_todo_ids
-	append_todo_help
-	git stripspace --comment-lines >>"$todo" <<\EOF
-
-You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.
-To continue rebase after editing, run:
-    git rebase --continue
+cat >>"$todo" <<EOF
 
+$comment_char $(eval_ngettext \
+	"Rebase \$shortrevisions onto \$shortonto (\$todocount command)" \
+	"Rebase \$shortrevisions onto \$shortonto (\$todocount commands)" \
+	"$todocount")
 EOF
+	append_todo_help
+	gettext "
+	However, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.
 
-	git_sequence_editor "$todo" ||
-		die "Could not execute editor"
-	expand_todo_ids
-
-	exit
-	;;
-esac
-
-git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT >/dev/null ||
-	die "You need to set your committer info first"
-
-comment_for_reflog start
-
-if test ! -z "$switch_to"
-then
-	GIT_REFLOG_ACTION="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: checkout $switch_to"
-	output git checkout "$switch_to" -- ||
-	die "Could not checkout $switch_to"
-
-	comment_for_reflog start
-fi
-
-orig_head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) || die "No HEAD?"
-mkdir -p "$state_dir" || die "Could not create temporary $state_dir"
-
-: > "$state_dir"/interactive || die "Could not mark as interactive"
-write_basic_state
-if test t = "$preserve_merges"
-then
-	if test -z "$rebase_root"
-	then
-		mkdir "$rewritten" &&
-		for c in $(git merge-base --all $orig_head $upstream)
-		do
-			echo $onto > "$rewritten"/$c ||
-				die "Could not init rewritten commits"
-		done
-	else
-		mkdir "$rewritten" &&
-		echo $onto > "$rewritten"/root ||
-			die "Could not init rewritten commits"
-	fi
-	# No cherry-pick because our first pass is to determine
-	# parents to rewrite and skipping dropped commits would
-	# prematurely end our probe
-	merges_option=
-else
-	merges_option="--no-merges --cherry-pick"
-fi
-
-shorthead=$(git rev-parse --short $orig_head)
-shortonto=$(git rev-parse --short $onto)
-if test -z "$rebase_root"
-	# this is now equivalent to ! -z "$upstream"
-then
-	shortupstream=$(git rev-parse --short $upstream)
-	revisions=$upstream...$orig_head
-	shortrevisions=$shortupstream..$shorthead
-else
-	revisions=$onto...$orig_head
-	shortrevisions=$shorthead
-fi
-git rev-list $merges_option --pretty=oneline --reverse --left-right --topo-order \
-	$revisions ${restrict_revision+^$restrict_revision} | \
-	sed -n "s/^>//p" |
-while read -r sha1 rest
-do
-
-	if test -z "$keep_empty" && is_empty_commit $sha1 && ! is_merge_commit $sha1
-	then
-		comment_out="$comment_char "
-	else
-		comment_out=
-	fi
+	" | git stripspace --comment-lines >>"$todo"
 
-	if test t != "$preserve_merges"
+	if test -z "$keep_empty"
 	then
-		printf '%s\n' "${comment_out}pick $sha1 $rest" >>"$todo"
-	else
-		if test -z "$rebase_root"
-		then
-			preserve=t
-			for p in $(git rev-list --parents -1 $sha1 | cut -d' ' -s -f2-)
-			do
-				if test -f "$rewritten"/$p
-				then
-					preserve=f
-				fi
-			done
-		else
-			preserve=f
-		fi
-		if test f = "$preserve"
-		then
-			touch "$rewritten"/$sha1
-			printf '%s\n' "${comment_out}pick $sha1 $rest" >>"$todo"
-		fi
+		printf '%s\n' "$comment_char $(gettext "Note that empty commits are commented out")" >>"$todo"
 	fi
-done
-
-# Watch for commits that been dropped by --cherry-pick
-if test t = "$preserve_merges"
-then
-	mkdir "$dropped"
-	# Save all non-cherry-picked changes
-	git rev-list $revisions --left-right --cherry-pick | \
-		sed -n "s/^>//p" > "$state_dir"/not-cherry-picks
-	# Now all commits and note which ones are missing in
-	# not-cherry-picks and hence being dropped
-	git rev-list $revisions |
-	while read rev
-	do
-		if test -f "$rewritten"/$rev && test "$(sane_grep "$rev" "$state_dir"/not-cherry-picks)" = ""
-		then
-			# Use -f2 because if rev-list is telling us this commit is
-			# not worthwhile, we don't want to track its multiple heads,
-			# just the history of its first-parent for others that will
-			# be rebasing on top of it
-			git rev-list --parents -1 $rev | cut -d' ' -s -f2 > "$dropped"/$rev
-			sha1=$(git rev-list -1 $rev)
-			sane_grep -v "^[a-z][a-z]* $sha1" <"$todo" > "${todo}2" ; mv "${todo}2" "$todo"
-			rm "$rewritten"/$rev
-		fi
-	done
-fi
 
-test -s "$todo" || echo noop >> "$todo"
-test -n "$autosquash" && rearrange_squash "$todo"
-test -n "$cmd" && add_exec_commands "$todo"
 
-todocount=$(git stripspace --strip-comments <"$todo" | wc -l)
-todocount=${todocount##* }
+	has_action "$todo" ||
+		return 2
 
-cat >>"$todo" <<EOF
-
-$comment_char Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount command(s))
-EOF
-append_todo_help
-git stripspace --comment-lines >>"$todo" <<\EOF
-
-However, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.
+	cp "$todo" "$todo".backup
+	collapse_todo_ids
+	git_sequence_editor "$todo" ||
+		die_abort "$(gettext "Could not execute editor")"
 
-EOF
+	has_action "$todo" ||
+		return 2
 
-if test -z "$keep_empty"
-then
-	printf '%s\n' "$comment_char Note that empty commits are commented out" >>"$todo"
-fi
+	git rebase--helper --check-todo-list || {
+		ret=$?
+		checkout_onto
+		exit $ret
+	}
 
+	expand_todo_ids
 
-has_action "$todo" ||
-	return 2
+	test -n "$force_rebase" ||
+	onto="$(git rebase--helper --skip-unnecessary-picks)" ||
+	die "Could not skip unnecessary pick commands"
 
-cp "$todo" "$todo".backup
-collapse_todo_ids
-git_sequence_editor "$todo" ||
-	die_abort "Could not execute editor"
+	checkout_onto
+	require_clean_work_tree "rebase"
+	exec git rebase--helper ${force_rebase:+--no-ff} $allow_empty_message \
+	     --continue
+}
 
-has_action "$todo" ||
-	return 2
+git_rebase__interactive () {
+	initiate_action "$action"
+	ret=$?
+	if test $ret = 0; then
+		return 0
+	fi
 
-expand_todo_ids
+	setup_reflog_action
+	init_basic_state
 
-test -d "$rewritten" || test -n "$force_rebase" || skip_unnecessary_picks
+	init_revisions_and_shortrevisions
 
-GIT_REFLOG_ACTION="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: checkout $onto_name"
-output git checkout $onto || die_abort "could not detach HEAD"
-git update-ref ORIG_HEAD $orig_head
-do_rest
+	git rebase--helper --make-script ${keep_empty:+--keep-empty} \
+		${rebase_merges:+--rebase-merges} \
+		${rebase_cousins:+--rebase-cousins} \
+		$revisions ${restrict_revision+^$restrict_revision} >"$todo" ||
+	die "$(gettext "Could not generate todo list")"
 
+	complete_action
 }
-# ... and then we call the whole thing.
-git_rebase__interactive
diff --git a/git-rebase--merge.sh b/git-rebase--merge.sh
index d3fb67d75b..aa2f2f0872 100644
--- a/git-rebase--merge.sh
+++ b/git-rebase--merge.sh
@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@ continue_merge () {
 	cmt=$(cat "$state_dir/current")
 	if ! git diff-index --quiet --ignore-submodules HEAD --
 	then
-		if ! git commit ${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} --no-verify -C "$cmt"
+		if ! git commit ${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} $signoff $allow_empty_message \
+			--no-verify -C "$cmt"
 		then
 			echo "Commit failed, please do not call \"git commit\""
 			echo "directly, but instead do one of the following: "
@@ -57,6 +58,7 @@ call_merge () {
 	echo "$msgnum" >"$state_dir/msgnum"
 	cmt="$(cat "$state_dir/cmt.$msgnum")"
 	echo "$cmt" > "$state_dir/current"
+	git update-ref REBASE_HEAD "$cmt"
 	hd=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
 	cmt_name=$(git symbolic-ref HEAD 2> /dev/null || echo HEAD)
 	eval GITHEAD_$cmt='"${cmt_name##refs/heads/}~$(($end - $msgnum))"'
@@ -67,7 +69,9 @@ call_merge () {
 		GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=1 && export GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY
 	fi
 	test -z "$strategy" && strategy=recursive
-	eval 'git-merge-$strategy' $strategy_opts '"$cmt^" -- "$hd" "$cmt"'
+	# If cmt doesn't have a parent, don't include it as a base
+	base=$(git rev-parse --verify --quiet $cmt^)
+	eval 'git merge-$strategy' $strategy_opts $base ' -- "$hd" "$cmt"'
 	rv=$?
 	case "$rv" in
 	0)
@@ -84,7 +88,7 @@ call_merge () {
 		;;
 	*)
 		die "Unknown exit code ($rv) from command:" \
-			"git-merge-$strategy $cmt^ -- HEAD $cmt"
+			"git merge-$strategy $cmt^ -- HEAD $cmt"
 		;;
 	esac
 }
@@ -94,23 +98,12 @@ finish_rb_merge () {
 	if test -s "$state_dir"/rewritten
 	then
 		git notes copy --for-rewrite=rebase <"$state_dir"/rewritten
-		if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-rewrite
-		then
-			"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-rewrite rebase <"$state_dir"/rewritten
-		fi
+		hook="$(git rev-parse --git-path hooks/post-rewrite)"
+		test -x "$hook" && "$hook" rebase <"$state_dir"/rewritten
 	fi
 	say All done.
 }
 
-# The whole contents of this file is run by dot-sourcing it from
-# inside a shell function.  It used to be that "return"s we see
-# below were not inside any function, and expected to return
-# to the function that dot-sourced us.
-#
-# However, FreeBSD /bin/sh misbehaves on such a construct and
-# continues to run the statements that follow such a "return".
-# As a work-around, we introduce an extra layer of a function
-# here, and immediately call it after defining it.
 git_rebase__merge () {
 
 case "$action" in
@@ -137,11 +130,15 @@ skip)
 	finish_rb_merge
 	return
 	;;
+show-current-patch)
+	exec git show REBASE_HEAD --
+	;;
 esac
 
 mkdir -p "$state_dir"
 echo "$onto_name" > "$state_dir/onto_name"
 write_basic_state
+rm -f "$(git rev-parse --git-path REBASE_HEAD)"
 
 msgnum=0
 for cmt in $(git rev-list --reverse --no-merges "$revisions")
@@ -165,5 +162,3 @@ done
 finish_rb_merge
 
 }
-# ... and then we call the whole thing.
-git_rebase__merge
diff --git a/git-rebase--preserve-merges.sh b/git-rebase--preserve-merges.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c214c5e4d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-rebase--preserve-merges.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,1012 @@
+# This shell script fragment is sourced by git-rebase to implement its
+# preserve-merges mode.
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006 Johannes E. Schindelin
+#
+# The file containing rebase commands, comments, and empty lines.
+# This file is created by "git rebase -i" then edited by the user.  As
+# the lines are processed, they are removed from the front of this
+# file and written to the tail of $done.
+todo="$state_dir"/git-rebase-todo
+
+# The rebase command lines that have already been processed.  A line
+# is moved here when it is first handled, before any associated user
+# actions.
+done="$state_dir"/done
+
+# The commit message that is planned to be used for any changes that
+# need to be committed following a user interaction.
+msg="$state_dir"/message
+
+# The file into which is accumulated the suggested commit message for
+# squash/fixup commands.  When the first of a series of squash/fixups
+# is seen, the file is created and the commit message from the
+# previous commit and from the first squash/fixup commit are written
+# to it.  The commit message for each subsequent squash/fixup commit
+# is appended to the file as it is processed.
+#
+# The first line of the file is of the form
+#     # This is a combination of $count commits.
+# where $count is the number of commits whose messages have been
+# written to the file so far (including the initial "pick" commit).
+# Each time that a commit message is processed, this line is read and
+# updated.  It is deleted just before the combined commit is made.
+squash_msg="$state_dir"/message-squash
+
+# If the current series of squash/fixups has not yet included a squash
+# command, then this file exists and holds the commit message of the
+# original "pick" commit.  (If the series ends without a "squash"
+# command, then this can be used as the commit message of the combined
+# commit without opening the editor.)
+fixup_msg="$state_dir"/message-fixup
+
+# $rewritten is the name of a directory containing files for each
+# commit that is reachable by at least one merge base of $head and
+# $upstream. They are not necessarily rewritten, but their children
+# might be.  This ensures that commits on merged, but otherwise
+# unrelated side branches are left alone. (Think "X" in the man page's
+# example.)
+rewritten="$state_dir"/rewritten
+
+dropped="$state_dir"/dropped
+
+end="$state_dir"/end
+msgnum="$state_dir"/msgnum
+
+# A script to set the GIT_AUTHOR_NAME, GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL, and
+# GIT_AUTHOR_DATE that will be used for the commit that is currently
+# being rebased.
+author_script="$state_dir"/author-script
+
+# When an "edit" rebase command is being processed, the SHA1 of the
+# commit to be edited is recorded in this file.  When "git rebase
+# --continue" is executed, if there are any staged changes then they
+# will be amended to the HEAD commit, but only provided the HEAD
+# commit is still the commit to be edited.  When any other rebase
+# command is processed, this file is deleted.
+amend="$state_dir"/amend
+
+# For the post-rewrite hook, we make a list of rewritten commits and
+# their new sha1s.  The rewritten-pending list keeps the sha1s of
+# commits that have been processed, but not committed yet,
+# e.g. because they are waiting for a 'squash' command.
+rewritten_list="$state_dir"/rewritten-list
+rewritten_pending="$state_dir"/rewritten-pending
+
+# Work around Git for Windows' Bash whose "read" does not strip CRLF
+# and leaves CR at the end instead.
+cr=$(printf "\015")
+
+strategy_args=${strategy:+--strategy=$strategy}
+test -n "$strategy_opts" &&
+eval '
+	for strategy_opt in '"$strategy_opts"'
+	do
+		strategy_args="$strategy_args -X$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "${strategy_opt#--}")"
+	done
+'
+
+GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP="$resolvemsg"
+export GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP
+
+comment_char=$(git config --get core.commentchar 2>/dev/null)
+case "$comment_char" in
+'' | auto)
+	comment_char="#"
+	;;
+?)
+	;;
+*)
+	comment_char=$(echo "$comment_char" | cut -c1)
+	;;
+esac
+
+warn () {
+	printf '%s\n' "$*" >&2
+}
+
+# Output the commit message for the specified commit.
+commit_message () {
+	git cat-file commit "$1" | sed "1,/^$/d"
+}
+
+orig_reflog_action="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"
+
+comment_for_reflog () {
+	case "$orig_reflog_action" in
+	''|rebase*)
+		GIT_REFLOG_ACTION="rebase -i ($1)"
+		export GIT_REFLOG_ACTION
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+last_count=
+mark_action_done () {
+	sed -e 1q < "$todo" >> "$done"
+	sed -e 1d < "$todo" >> "$todo".new
+	mv -f "$todo".new "$todo"
+	new_count=$(( $(git stripspace --strip-comments <"$done" | wc -l) ))
+	echo $new_count >"$msgnum"
+	total=$(($new_count + $(git stripspace --strip-comments <"$todo" | wc -l)))
+	echo $total >"$end"
+	if test "$last_count" != "$new_count"
+	then
+		last_count=$new_count
+		eval_gettext "Rebasing (\$new_count/\$total)"; printf "\r"
+		test -z "$verbose" || echo
+	fi
+}
+
+# Put the last action marked done at the beginning of the todo list
+# again. If there has not been an action marked done yet, leave the list of
+# items on the todo list unchanged.
+reschedule_last_action () {
+	tail -n 1 "$done" | cat - "$todo" >"$todo".new
+	sed -e \$d <"$done" >"$done".new
+	mv -f "$todo".new "$todo"
+	mv -f "$done".new "$done"
+}
+
+append_todo_help () {
+	gettext "
+Commands:
+p, pick <commit> = use commit
+r, reword <commit> = use commit, but edit the commit message
+e, edit <commit> = use commit, but stop for amending
+s, squash <commit> = use commit, but meld into previous commit
+f, fixup <commit> = like \"squash\", but discard this commit's log message
+x, exec <commit> = run command (the rest of the line) using shell
+d, drop <commit> = remove commit
+l, label <label> = label current HEAD with a name
+t, reset <label> = reset HEAD to a label
+m, merge [-C <commit> | -c <commit>] <label> [# <oneline>]
+.       create a merge commit using the original merge commit's
+.       message (or the oneline, if no original merge commit was
+.       specified). Use -c <commit> to reword the commit message.
+
+These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.
+" | git stripspace --comment-lines >>"$todo"
+
+	if test $(get_missing_commit_check_level) = error
+	then
+		gettext "
+Do not remove any line. Use 'drop' explicitly to remove a commit.
+" | git stripspace --comment-lines >>"$todo"
+	else
+		gettext "
+If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.
+" | git stripspace --comment-lines >>"$todo"
+	fi
+}
+
+make_patch () {
+	sha1_and_parents="$(git rev-list --parents -1 "$1")"
+	case "$sha1_and_parents" in
+	?*' '?*' '?*)
+		git diff --cc $sha1_and_parents
+		;;
+	?*' '?*)
+		git diff-tree -p "$1^!"
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo "Root commit"
+		;;
+	esac > "$state_dir"/patch
+	test -f "$msg" ||
+		commit_message "$1" > "$msg"
+	test -f "$author_script" ||
+		get_author_ident_from_commit "$1" > "$author_script"
+}
+
+die_with_patch () {
+	echo "$1" > "$state_dir"/stopped-sha
+	git update-ref REBASE_HEAD "$1"
+	make_patch "$1"
+	die "$2"
+}
+
+exit_with_patch () {
+	echo "$1" > "$state_dir"/stopped-sha
+	git update-ref REBASE_HEAD "$1"
+	make_patch $1
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD > "$amend"
+	gpg_sign_opt_quoted=${gpg_sign_opt:+$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$gpg_sign_opt")}
+	warn "$(eval_gettext "\
+You can amend the commit now, with
+
+	git commit --amend \$gpg_sign_opt_quoted
+
+Once you are satisfied with your changes, run
+
+	git rebase --continue")"
+	warn
+	exit $2
+}
+
+die_abort () {
+	apply_autostash
+	rm -rf "$state_dir"
+	die "$1"
+}
+
+has_action () {
+	test -n "$(git stripspace --strip-comments <"$1")"
+}
+
+is_empty_commit() {
+	tree=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$1"^{tree} 2>/dev/null) || {
+		sha1=$1
+		die "$(eval_gettext "\$sha1: not a commit that can be picked")"
+	}
+	ptree=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$1"^^{tree} 2>/dev/null) ||
+		ptree=4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904
+	test "$tree" = "$ptree"
+}
+
+is_merge_commit()
+{
+	git rev-parse --verify --quiet "$1"^2 >/dev/null 2>&1
+}
+
+# Run command with GIT_AUTHOR_NAME, GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL, and
+# GIT_AUTHOR_DATE exported from the current environment.
+do_with_author () {
+	(
+		export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
+		"$@"
+	)
+}
+
+git_sequence_editor () {
+	if test -z "$GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR"
+	then
+		GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR="$(git config sequence.editor)"
+		if [ -z "$GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR" ]
+		then
+			GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR="$(git var GIT_EDITOR)" || return $?
+		fi
+	fi
+
+	eval "$GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR" '"$@"'
+}
+
+pick_one () {
+	ff=--ff
+
+	case "$1" in -n) sha1=$2; ff= ;; *) sha1=$1 ;; esac
+	case "$force_rebase" in '') ;; ?*) ff= ;; esac
+	output git rev-parse --verify $sha1 || die "$(eval_gettext "Invalid commit name: \$sha1")"
+
+	if is_empty_commit "$sha1"
+	then
+		empty_args="--allow-empty"
+	fi
+
+	pick_one_preserving_merges "$@"
+}
+
+pick_one_preserving_merges () {
+	fast_forward=t
+	case "$1" in
+	-n)
+		fast_forward=f
+		sha1=$2
+		;;
+	*)
+		sha1=$1
+		;;
+	esac
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse $sha1)
+
+	if test -f "$state_dir"/current-commit && test "$fast_forward" = t
+	then
+		while read current_commit
+		do
+			git rev-parse HEAD > "$rewritten"/$current_commit
+		done <"$state_dir"/current-commit
+		rm "$state_dir"/current-commit ||
+			die "$(gettext "Cannot write current commit's replacement sha1")"
+	fi
+
+	echo $sha1 >> "$state_dir"/current-commit
+
+	# rewrite parents; if none were rewritten, we can fast-forward.
+	new_parents=
+	pend=" $(git rev-list --parents -1 $sha1 | cut -d' ' -s -f2-)"
+	if test "$pend" = " "
+	then
+		pend=" root"
+	fi
+	while [ "$pend" != "" ]
+	do
+		p=$(expr "$pend" : ' \([^ ]*\)')
+		pend="${pend# $p}"
+
+		if test -f "$rewritten"/$p
+		then
+			new_p=$(cat "$rewritten"/$p)
+
+			# If the todo reordered commits, and our parent is marked for
+			# rewriting, but hasn't been gotten to yet, assume the user meant to
+			# drop it on top of the current HEAD
+			if test -z "$new_p"
+			then
+				new_p=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+			fi
+
+			test $p != $new_p && fast_forward=f
+			case "$new_parents" in
+			*$new_p*)
+				;; # do nothing; that parent is already there
+			*)
+				new_parents="$new_parents $new_p"
+				;;
+			esac
+		else
+			if test -f "$dropped"/$p
+			then
+				fast_forward=f
+				replacement="$(cat "$dropped"/$p)"
+				test -z "$replacement" && replacement=root
+				pend=" $replacement$pend"
+			else
+				new_parents="$new_parents $p"
+			fi
+		fi
+	done
+	case $fast_forward in
+	t)
+		output warn "$(eval_gettext "Fast-forward to \$sha1")"
+		output git reset --hard $sha1 ||
+			die "$(eval_gettext "Cannot fast-forward to \$sha1")"
+		;;
+	f)
+		first_parent=$(expr "$new_parents" : ' \([^ ]*\)')
+
+		if [ "$1" != "-n" ]
+		then
+			# detach HEAD to current parent
+			output git checkout $first_parent 2> /dev/null ||
+				die "$(eval_gettext "Cannot move HEAD to \$first_parent")"
+		fi
+
+		case "$new_parents" in
+		' '*' '*)
+			test "a$1" = a-n && die "$(eval_gettext "Refusing to squash a merge: \$sha1")"
+
+			# redo merge
+			author_script_content=$(get_author_ident_from_commit $sha1)
+			eval "$author_script_content"
+			msg_content="$(commit_message $sha1)"
+			# No point in merging the first parent, that's HEAD
+			new_parents=${new_parents# $first_parent}
+			merge_args="--no-log --no-ff"
+			if ! do_with_author output eval \
+				git merge ${gpg_sign_opt:+$(git rev-parse \
+					--sq-quote "$gpg_sign_opt")} \
+				$allow_rerere_autoupdate "$merge_args" \
+				"$strategy_args" \
+				-m "$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$msg_content")" \
+				"$new_parents"
+			then
+				printf "%s\n" "$msg_content" > "$GIT_DIR"/MERGE_MSG
+				die_with_patch $sha1 "$(eval_gettext "Error redoing merge \$sha1")"
+			fi
+			echo "$sha1 $(git rev-parse HEAD^0)" >> "$rewritten_list"
+			;;
+		*)
+			output eval git cherry-pick $allow_rerere_autoupdate \
+				$allow_empty_message \
+				${gpg_sign_opt:+$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$gpg_sign_opt")} \
+				"$strategy_args" "$@" ||
+				die_with_patch $sha1 "$(eval_gettext "Could not pick \$sha1")"
+			;;
+		esac
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+this_nth_commit_message () {
+	n=$1
+	eval_gettext "This is the commit message #\${n}:"
+}
+
+skip_nth_commit_message () {
+	n=$1
+	eval_gettext "The commit message #\${n} will be skipped:"
+}
+
+update_squash_messages () {
+	if test -f "$squash_msg"; then
+		mv "$squash_msg" "$squash_msg".bak || exit
+		count=$(($(sed -n \
+			-e "1s/^$comment_char[^0-9]*\([0-9][0-9]*\).*/\1/p" \
+			-e "q" < "$squash_msg".bak)+1))
+		{
+			printf '%s\n' "$comment_char $(eval_ngettext \
+				"This is a combination of \$count commit." \
+				"This is a combination of \$count commits." \
+				$count)"
+			sed -e 1d -e '2,/^./{
+				/^$/d
+			}' <"$squash_msg".bak
+		} >"$squash_msg"
+	else
+		commit_message HEAD >"$fixup_msg" ||
+		die "$(eval_gettext "Cannot write \$fixup_msg")"
+		count=2
+		{
+			printf '%s\n' "$comment_char $(gettext "This is a combination of 2 commits.")"
+			printf '%s\n' "$comment_char $(gettext "This is the 1st commit message:")"
+			echo
+			cat "$fixup_msg"
+		} >"$squash_msg"
+	fi
+	case $1 in
+	squash)
+		rm -f "$fixup_msg"
+		echo
+		printf '%s\n' "$comment_char $(this_nth_commit_message $count)"
+		echo
+		commit_message $2
+		;;
+	fixup)
+		echo
+		printf '%s\n' "$comment_char $(skip_nth_commit_message $count)"
+		echo
+		# Change the space after the comment character to TAB:
+		commit_message $2 | git stripspace --comment-lines | sed -e 's/ /	/'
+		;;
+	esac >>"$squash_msg"
+}
+
+peek_next_command () {
+	git stripspace --strip-comments <"$todo" | sed -n -e 's/ .*//p' -e q
+}
+
+# A squash/fixup has failed.  Prepare the long version of the squash
+# commit message, then die_with_patch.  This code path requires the
+# user to edit the combined commit message for all commits that have
+# been squashed/fixedup so far.  So also erase the old squash
+# messages, effectively causing the combined commit to be used as the
+# new basis for any further squash/fixups.  Args: sha1 rest
+die_failed_squash() {
+	sha1=$1
+	rest=$2
+	mv "$squash_msg" "$msg" || exit
+	rm -f "$fixup_msg"
+	cp "$msg" "$GIT_DIR"/MERGE_MSG || exit
+	warn
+	warn "$(eval_gettext "Could not apply \$sha1... \$rest")"
+	die_with_patch $sha1 ""
+}
+
+flush_rewritten_pending() {
+	test -s "$rewritten_pending" || return
+	newsha1="$(git rev-parse HEAD^0)"
+	sed "s/$/ $newsha1/" < "$rewritten_pending" >> "$rewritten_list"
+	rm -f "$rewritten_pending"
+}
+
+record_in_rewritten() {
+	oldsha1="$(git rev-parse $1)"
+	echo "$oldsha1" >> "$rewritten_pending"
+
+	case "$(peek_next_command)" in
+	squash|s|fixup|f)
+		;;
+	*)
+		flush_rewritten_pending
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+do_pick () {
+	sha1=$1
+	rest=$2
+	if test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$squash_onto"
+	then
+		# Set the correct commit message and author info on the
+		# sentinel root before cherry-picking the original changes
+		# without committing (-n).  Finally, update the sentinel again
+		# to include these changes.  If the cherry-pick results in a
+		# conflict, this means our behaviour is similar to a standard
+		# failed cherry-pick during rebase, with a dirty index to
+		# resolve before manually running git commit --amend then git
+		# rebase --continue.
+		git commit --allow-empty --allow-empty-message --amend \
+			   --no-post-rewrite -n -q -C $sha1 $signoff &&
+			pick_one -n $sha1 &&
+			git commit --allow-empty --allow-empty-message \
+				   --amend --no-post-rewrite -n -q -C $sha1 $signoff \
+				   ${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} ||
+				   die_with_patch $sha1 "$(eval_gettext "Could not apply \$sha1... \$rest")"
+	else
+		pick_one $sha1 ||
+			die_with_patch $sha1 "$(eval_gettext "Could not apply \$sha1... \$rest")"
+	fi
+}
+
+do_next () {
+	rm -f "$msg" "$author_script" "$amend" "$state_dir"/stopped-sha || exit
+	read -r command sha1 rest < "$todo"
+	case "$command" in
+	"$comment_char"*|''|noop|drop|d)
+		mark_action_done
+		;;
+	"$cr")
+		# Work around CR left by "read" (e.g. with Git for Windows' Bash).
+		mark_action_done
+		;;
+	pick|p)
+		comment_for_reflog pick
+
+		mark_action_done
+		do_pick $sha1 "$rest"
+		record_in_rewritten $sha1
+		;;
+	reword|r)
+		comment_for_reflog reword
+
+		mark_action_done
+		do_pick $sha1 "$rest"
+		git commit --amend --no-post-rewrite ${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} \
+			$allow_empty_message || {
+			warn "$(eval_gettext "\
+Could not amend commit after successfully picking \$sha1... \$rest
+This is most likely due to an empty commit message, or the pre-commit hook
+failed. If the pre-commit hook failed, you may need to resolve the issue before
+you are able to reword the commit.")"
+			exit_with_patch $sha1 1
+		}
+		record_in_rewritten $sha1
+		;;
+	edit|e)
+		comment_for_reflog edit
+
+		mark_action_done
+		do_pick $sha1 "$rest"
+		sha1_abbrev=$(git rev-parse --short $sha1)
+		warn "$(eval_gettext "Stopped at \$sha1_abbrev... \$rest")"
+		exit_with_patch $sha1 0
+		;;
+	squash|s|fixup|f)
+		case "$command" in
+		squash|s)
+			squash_style=squash
+			;;
+		fixup|f)
+			squash_style=fixup
+			;;
+		esac
+		comment_for_reflog $squash_style
+
+		test -f "$done" && has_action "$done" ||
+			die "$(eval_gettext "Cannot '\$squash_style' without a previous commit")"
+
+		mark_action_done
+		update_squash_messages $squash_style $sha1
+		author_script_content=$(get_author_ident_from_commit HEAD)
+		echo "$author_script_content" > "$author_script"
+		eval "$author_script_content"
+		if ! pick_one -n $sha1
+		then
+			git rev-parse --verify HEAD >"$amend"
+			die_failed_squash $sha1 "$rest"
+		fi
+		case "$(peek_next_command)" in
+		squash|s|fixup|f)
+			# This is an intermediate commit; its message will only be
+			# used in case of trouble.  So use the long version:
+			do_with_author output git commit --amend --no-verify -F "$squash_msg" \
+				${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} $allow_empty_message ||
+				die_failed_squash $sha1 "$rest"
+			;;
+		*)
+			# This is the final command of this squash/fixup group
+			if test -f "$fixup_msg"
+			then
+				do_with_author git commit --amend --no-verify -F "$fixup_msg" \
+					${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} $allow_empty_message ||
+					die_failed_squash $sha1 "$rest"
+			else
+				cp "$squash_msg" "$GIT_DIR"/SQUASH_MSG || exit
+				rm -f "$GIT_DIR"/MERGE_MSG
+				do_with_author git commit --amend --no-verify -F "$GIT_DIR"/SQUASH_MSG -e \
+					${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} $allow_empty_message ||
+					die_failed_squash $sha1 "$rest"
+			fi
+			rm -f "$squash_msg" "$fixup_msg"
+			;;
+		esac
+		record_in_rewritten $sha1
+		;;
+	x|"exec")
+		read -r command rest < "$todo"
+		mark_action_done
+		eval_gettextln "Executing: \$rest"
+		"${SHELL:-@SHELL_PATH@}" -c "$rest" # Actual execution
+		status=$?
+		# Run in subshell because require_clean_work_tree can die.
+		dirty=f
+		(require_clean_work_tree "rebase" 2>/dev/null) || dirty=t
+		if test "$status" -ne 0
+		then
+			warn "$(eval_gettext "Execution failed: \$rest")"
+			test "$dirty" = f ||
+				warn "$(gettext "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree")"
+
+			warn "$(gettext "\
+You can fix the problem, and then run
+
+	git rebase --continue")"
+			warn
+			if test $status -eq 127		# command not found
+			then
+				status=1
+			fi
+			exit "$status"
+		elif test "$dirty" = t
+		then
+			# TRANSLATORS: after these lines is a command to be issued by the user
+			warn "$(eval_gettext "\
+Execution succeeded: \$rest
+but left changes to the index and/or the working tree
+Commit or stash your changes, and then run
+
+	git rebase --continue")"
+			warn
+			exit 1
+		fi
+		;;
+	*)
+		warn "$(eval_gettext "Unknown command: \$command \$sha1 \$rest")"
+		fixtodo="$(gettext "Please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'.")"
+		if git rev-parse --verify -q "$sha1" >/dev/null
+		then
+			die_with_patch $sha1 "$fixtodo"
+		else
+			die "$fixtodo"
+		fi
+		;;
+	esac
+	test -s "$todo" && return
+
+	comment_for_reflog finish &&
+	newhead=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	case $head_name in
+	refs/*)
+		message="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: $head_name onto $onto" &&
+		git update-ref -m "$message" $head_name $newhead $orig_head &&
+		git symbolic-ref \
+		  -m "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: returning to $head_name" \
+		  HEAD $head_name
+		;;
+	esac && {
+		test ! -f "$state_dir"/verbose ||
+			git diff-tree --stat $orig_head..HEAD
+	} &&
+	{
+		test -s "$rewritten_list" &&
+		git notes copy --for-rewrite=rebase < "$rewritten_list" ||
+		true # we don't care if this copying failed
+	} &&
+	hook="$(git rev-parse --git-path hooks/post-rewrite)"
+	if test -x "$hook" && test -s "$rewritten_list"; then
+		"$hook" rebase < "$rewritten_list"
+		true # we don't care if this hook failed
+	fi &&
+		warn "$(eval_gettext "Successfully rebased and updated \$head_name.")"
+
+	return 1 # not failure; just to break the do_rest loop
+}
+
+# can only return 0, when the infinite loop breaks
+do_rest () {
+	while :
+	do
+		do_next || break
+	done
+}
+
+expand_todo_ids() {
+	git rebase--helper --expand-ids
+}
+
+collapse_todo_ids() {
+	git rebase--helper --shorten-ids
+}
+
+# Switch to the branch in $into and notify it in the reflog
+checkout_onto () {
+	GIT_REFLOG_ACTION="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: checkout $onto_name"
+	output git checkout $onto || die_abort "$(gettext "could not detach HEAD")"
+	git update-ref ORIG_HEAD $orig_head
+}
+
+get_missing_commit_check_level () {
+	check_level=$(git config --get rebase.missingCommitsCheck)
+	check_level=${check_level:-ignore}
+	# Don't be case sensitive
+	printf '%s' "$check_level" | tr 'A-Z' 'a-z'
+}
+
+# Initiate an action. If the cannot be any
+# further action it  may exec a command
+# or exit and not return.
+#
+# TODO: Consider a cleaner return model so it
+# never exits and always return 0 if process
+# is complete.
+#
+# Parameter 1 is the action to initiate.
+#
+# Returns 0 if the action was able to complete
+# and if 1 if further processing is required.
+initiate_action () {
+	case "$1" in
+	continue)
+		# do we have anything to commit?
+		if git diff-index --cached --quiet HEAD --
+		then
+			# Nothing to commit -- skip this commit
+
+			test ! -f "$GIT_DIR"/CHERRY_PICK_HEAD ||
+			rm "$GIT_DIR"/CHERRY_PICK_HEAD ||
+			die "$(gettext "Could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD")"
+		else
+			if ! test -f "$author_script"
+			then
+				gpg_sign_opt_quoted=${gpg_sign_opt:+$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$gpg_sign_opt")}
+				die "$(eval_gettext "\
+You have staged changes in your working tree.
+If these changes are meant to be
+squashed into the previous commit, run:
+
+  git commit --amend \$gpg_sign_opt_quoted
+
+If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:
+
+  git commit \$gpg_sign_opt_quoted
+
+In both cases, once you're done, continue with:
+
+  git rebase --continue
+")"
+			fi
+			. "$author_script" ||
+				die "$(gettext "Error trying to find the author identity to amend commit")"
+			if test -f "$amend"
+			then
+				current_head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+				test "$current_head" = $(cat "$amend") ||
+				die "$(gettext "\
+You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please commit them
+first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again.")"
+				do_with_author git commit --amend --no-verify -F "$msg" -e \
+					${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} $allow_empty_message ||
+					die "$(gettext "Could not commit staged changes.")"
+			else
+				do_with_author git commit --no-verify -F "$msg" -e \
+					${gpg_sign_opt:+"$gpg_sign_opt"} $allow_empty_message ||
+					die "$(gettext "Could not commit staged changes.")"
+			fi
+		fi
+
+		if test -r "$state_dir"/stopped-sha
+		then
+			record_in_rewritten "$(cat "$state_dir"/stopped-sha)"
+		fi
+
+		require_clean_work_tree "rebase"
+		do_rest
+		return 0
+		;;
+	skip)
+		git rerere clear
+		do_rest
+		return 0
+		;;
+	edit-todo)
+		git stripspace --strip-comments <"$todo" >"$todo".new
+		mv -f "$todo".new "$todo"
+		collapse_todo_ids
+		append_todo_help
+		gettext "
+You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.
+To continue rebase after editing, run:
+    git rebase --continue
+
+" | git stripspace --comment-lines >>"$todo"
+
+		git_sequence_editor "$todo" ||
+			die "$(gettext "Could not execute editor")"
+		expand_todo_ids
+
+		exit
+		;;
+	show-current-patch)
+		exec git show REBASE_HEAD --
+		;;
+	*)
+		return 1 # continue
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+setup_reflog_action () {
+	comment_for_reflog start
+
+	if test ! -z "$switch_to"
+	then
+		GIT_REFLOG_ACTION="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: checkout $switch_to"
+		output git checkout "$switch_to" -- ||
+			die "$(eval_gettext "Could not checkout \$switch_to")"
+
+		comment_for_reflog start
+	fi
+}
+
+init_basic_state () {
+	orig_head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) || die "$(gettext "No HEAD?")"
+	mkdir -p "$state_dir" || die "$(eval_gettext "Could not create temporary \$state_dir")"
+	rm -f "$(git rev-parse --git-path REBASE_HEAD)"
+
+	: > "$state_dir"/interactive || die "$(gettext "Could not mark as interactive")"
+	write_basic_state
+}
+
+init_revisions_and_shortrevisions () {
+	shorthead=$(git rev-parse --short $orig_head)
+	shortonto=$(git rev-parse --short $onto)
+	if test -z "$rebase_root"
+		# this is now equivalent to ! -z "$upstream"
+	then
+		shortupstream=$(git rev-parse --short $upstream)
+		revisions=$upstream...$orig_head
+		shortrevisions=$shortupstream..$shorthead
+	else
+		revisions=$onto...$orig_head
+		shortrevisions=$shorthead
+		test -z "$squash_onto" ||
+		echo "$squash_onto" >"$state_dir"/squash-onto
+	fi
+}
+
+complete_action() {
+	test -s "$todo" || echo noop >> "$todo"
+	test -z "$autosquash" || git rebase--helper --rearrange-squash || exit
+	test -n "$cmd" && git rebase--helper --add-exec-commands "$cmd"
+
+	todocount=$(git stripspace --strip-comments <"$todo" | wc -l)
+	todocount=${todocount##* }
+
+cat >>"$todo" <<EOF
+
+$comment_char $(eval_ngettext \
+	"Rebase \$shortrevisions onto \$shortonto (\$todocount command)" \
+	"Rebase \$shortrevisions onto \$shortonto (\$todocount commands)" \
+	"$todocount")
+EOF
+	append_todo_help
+	gettext "
+However, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.
+
+" | git stripspace --comment-lines >>"$todo"
+
+	if test -z "$keep_empty"
+	then
+		printf '%s\n' "$comment_char $(gettext "Note that empty commits are commented out")" >>"$todo"
+	fi
+
+
+	has_action "$todo" ||
+		return 2
+
+	cp "$todo" "$todo".backup
+	collapse_todo_ids
+	git_sequence_editor "$todo" ||
+		die_abort "$(gettext "Could not execute editor")"
+
+	has_action "$todo" ||
+		return 2
+
+	git rebase--helper --check-todo-list || {
+		ret=$?
+		checkout_onto
+		exit $ret
+	}
+
+	expand_todo_ids
+	checkout_onto
+	do_rest
+}
+
+git_rebase__preserve_merges () {
+	initiate_action "$action"
+	ret=$?
+	if test $ret = 0; then
+		return 0
+	fi
+
+	setup_reflog_action
+	init_basic_state
+
+	if test -z "$rebase_root"
+	then
+		mkdir "$rewritten" &&
+		for c in $(git merge-base --all $orig_head $upstream)
+		do
+			echo $onto > "$rewritten"/$c ||
+				die "$(gettext "Could not init rewritten commits")"
+		done
+	else
+		mkdir "$rewritten" &&
+		echo $onto > "$rewritten"/root ||
+			die "$(gettext "Could not init rewritten commits")"
+	fi
+
+	init_revisions_and_shortrevisions
+
+	format=$(git config --get rebase.instructionFormat)
+	# the 'rev-list .. | sed' requires %m to parse; the instruction requires %H to parse
+	git rev-list --format="%m%H ${format:-%s}" \
+		--reverse --left-right --topo-order \
+		$revisions ${restrict_revision+^$restrict_revision} | \
+		sed -n "s/^>//p" |
+	while read -r sha1 rest
+	do
+		if test -z "$keep_empty" && is_empty_commit $sha1 && ! is_merge_commit $sha1
+		then
+			comment_out="$comment_char "
+		else
+			comment_out=
+		fi
+
+		if test -z "$rebase_root"
+		then
+			preserve=t
+			for p in $(git rev-list --parents -1 $sha1 | cut -d' ' -s -f2-)
+			do
+				if test -f "$rewritten"/$p
+				then
+					preserve=f
+				fi
+			done
+		else
+			preserve=f
+		fi
+		if test f = "$preserve"
+		then
+			touch "$rewritten"/$sha1
+			printf '%s\n' "${comment_out}pick $sha1 $rest" >>"$todo"
+		fi
+	done
+
+	# Watch for commits that been dropped by --cherry-pick
+	mkdir "$dropped"
+	# Save all non-cherry-picked changes
+	git rev-list $revisions --left-right --cherry-pick | \
+		sed -n "s/^>//p" > "$state_dir"/not-cherry-picks
+	# Now all commits and note which ones are missing in
+	# not-cherry-picks and hence being dropped
+	git rev-list $revisions |
+	while read rev
+	do
+		if test -f "$rewritten"/$rev &&
+		   ! sane_grep "$rev" "$state_dir"/not-cherry-picks >/dev/null
+		then
+			# Use -f2 because if rev-list is telling us this commit is
+			# not worthwhile, we don't want to track its multiple heads,
+			# just the history of its first-parent for others that will
+			# be rebasing on top of it
+			git rev-list --parents -1 $rev | cut -d' ' -s -f2 > "$dropped"/$rev
+			sha1=$(git rev-list -1 $rev)
+			sane_grep -v "^[a-z][a-z]* $sha1" <"$todo" > "${todo}2" ; mv "${todo}2" "$todo"
+			rm "$rewritten"/$rev
+		fi
+	done
+
+	complete_action
+}
diff --git a/git-rebase.sh b/git-rebase.sh
index 55da9db818..7973447645 100755
--- a/git-rebase.sh
+++ b/git-rebase.sh
@@ -9,29 +9,32 @@ OPTIONS_STUCKLONG=t
 OPTIONS_SPEC="\
 git rebase [-i] [options] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>] [<upstream>] [<branch>]
 git rebase [-i] [options] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>] --root [<branch>]
-git-rebase --continue | --abort | --skip | --edit-todo
+git rebase --continue | --abort | --skip | --edit-todo
 --
  Available options are
 v,verbose!         display a diffstat of what changed upstream
 q,quiet!           be quiet. implies --no-stat
-autostash!         automatically stash/stash pop before and after
+autostash          automatically stash/stash pop before and after
 fork-point         use 'merge-base --fork-point' to refine upstream
 onto=!             rebase onto given branch instead of upstream
+r,rebase-merges?   try to rebase merges instead of skipping them
 p,preserve-merges! try to recreate merges instead of ignoring them
 s,strategy=!       use the given merge strategy
+X,strategy-option=! pass the argument through to the merge strategy
 no-ff!             cherry-pick all commits, even if unchanged
+f,force-rebase!    cherry-pick all commits, even if unchanged
 m,merge!           use merging strategies to rebase
 i,interactive!     let the user edit the list of commits to rebase
 x,exec=!           add exec lines after each commit of the editable list
 k,keep-empty	   preserve empty commits during rebase
-f,force-rebase!    force rebase even if branch is up to date
-X,strategy-option=! pass the argument through to the merge strategy
+allow-empty-message allow rebasing commits with empty messages
 stat!              display a diffstat of what changed upstream
 n,no-stat!         do not show diffstat of what changed upstream
 verify             allow pre-rebase hook to run
 rerere-autoupdate  allow rerere to update index with resolved conflicts
 root!              rebase all reachable commits up to the root(s)
 autosquash         move commits that begin with squash!/fixup! under -i
+signoff            add a Signed-off-by: line to each commit
 committer-date-is-author-date! passed to 'git am'
 ignore-date!       passed to 'git am'
 whitespace=!       passed to 'git apply'
@@ -43,9 +46,10 @@ continue!          continue
 abort!             abort and check out the original branch
 skip!              skip current patch and continue
 edit-todo!         edit the todo list during an interactive rebase
+quit!              abort but keep HEAD where it is
+show-current-patch! show the patch file being applied or merged
 "
 . git-sh-setup
-. git-sh-i18n
 set_reflog_action rebase
 require_work_tree_exists
 cd_to_toplevel
@@ -54,10 +58,12 @@ LF='
 '
 ok_to_skip_pre_rebase=
 resolvemsg="
-$(gettext 'When you have resolved this problem, run "git rebase --continue".
-If you prefer to skip this patch, run "git rebase --skip" instead.
-To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run "git rebase --abort".')
+$(gettext 'Resolve all conflicts manually, mark them as resolved with
+"git add/rm <conflicted_files>", then run "git rebase --continue".
+You can instead skip this commit: run "git rebase --skip".
+To abort and get back to the state before "git rebase", run "git rebase --abort".')
 "
+squash_onto=
 unset onto
 unset restrict_revision
 cmd=
@@ -72,6 +78,7 @@ test "$(git config --bool rebase.stat)" = true && diffstat=t
 autostash="$(git config --bool rebase.autostash || echo false)"
 fork_point=auto
 git_am_opt=
+git_format_patch_opt=
 rebase_root=
 force_rebase=
 allow_rerere_autoupdate=
@@ -83,11 +90,18 @@ type=
 state_dir=
 # One of {'', continue, skip, abort}, as parsed from command line
 action=
+rebase_merges=
+rebase_cousins=
 preserve_merges=
 autosquash=
 keep_empty=
+allow_empty_message=--allow-empty-message
+signoff=
 test "$(git config --bool rebase.autosquash)" = "true" && autosquash=t
-gpg_sign_opt=
+case "$(git config --bool commit.gpgsign)" in
+true)	gpg_sign_opt=-S ;;
+*)	gpg_sign_opt= ;;
+esac
 
 read_basic_state () {
 	test -f "$state_dir/head-name" &&
@@ -112,6 +126,10 @@ read_basic_state () {
 		allow_rerere_autoupdate="$(cat "$state_dir"/allow_rerere_autoupdate)"
 	test -f "$state_dir"/gpg_sign_opt &&
 		gpg_sign_opt="$(cat "$state_dir"/gpg_sign_opt)"
+	test -f "$state_dir"/signoff && {
+		signoff="$(cat "$state_dir"/signoff)"
+		force_rebase=t
+	}
 }
 
 write_basic_state () {
@@ -126,6 +144,7 @@ write_basic_state () {
 	test -n "$allow_rerere_autoupdate" && echo "$allow_rerere_autoupdate" > \
 		"$state_dir"/allow_rerere_autoupdate
 	test -n "$gpg_sign_opt" && echo "$gpg_sign_opt" > "$state_dir"/gpg_sign_opt
+	test -n "$signoff" && echo "$signoff" >"$state_dir"/signoff
 }
 
 output () {
@@ -151,7 +170,7 @@ move_to_original_branch () {
 		git symbolic-ref \
 			-m "rebase finished: returning to $head_name" \
 			HEAD $head_name ||
-		die "$(gettext "Could not move back to $head_name")"
+		die "$(eval_gettext "Could not move back to \$head_name")"
 		;;
 	esac
 }
@@ -160,23 +179,24 @@ apply_autostash () {
 	if test -f "$state_dir/autostash"
 	then
 		stash_sha1=$(cat "$state_dir/autostash")
-		if git stash apply $stash_sha1 2>&1 >/dev/null
+		if git stash apply $stash_sha1 >/dev/null 2>&1
 		then
-			echo "$(gettext 'Applied autostash.')"
+			echo "$(gettext 'Applied autostash.')" >&2
 		else
 			git stash store -m "autostash" -q $stash_sha1 ||
 			die "$(eval_gettext "Cannot store \$stash_sha1")"
 			gettext 'Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.
 Your changes are safe in the stash.
 You can run "git stash pop" or "git stash drop" at any time.
-'
+' >&2
 		fi
 	fi
 }
 
 finish_rebase () {
+	rm -f "$(git rev-parse --git-path REBASE_HEAD)"
 	apply_autostash &&
-	git gc --auto &&
+	{ git gc --auto || true; } &&
 	rm -rf "$state_dir"
 }
 
@@ -187,6 +207,14 @@ run_specific_rebase () {
 		autosquash=
 	fi
 	. git-rebase--$type
+
+	if test -z "$preserve_merges"
+	then
+		git_rebase__$type
+	else
+		git_rebase__preserve_merges
+	fi
+
 	ret=$?
 	if test $ret -eq 0
 	then
@@ -202,15 +230,15 @@ run_specific_rebase () {
 
 run_pre_rebase_hook () {
 	if test -z "$ok_to_skip_pre_rebase" &&
-	   test -x "$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-rebase"
+	   test -x "$(git rev-parse --git-path hooks/pre-rebase)"
 	then
-		"$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-rebase" ${1+"$@"} ||
+		"$(git rev-parse --git-path hooks/pre-rebase)" ${1+"$@"} ||
 		die "$(gettext "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase.")"
 	fi
 }
 
 test -f "$apply_dir"/applying &&
-	die "$(gettext "It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase.")"
+	die "$(gettext "It looks like 'git am' is in progress. Cannot rebase.")"
 
 if test -d "$apply_dir"
 then
@@ -218,7 +246,12 @@ then
 	state_dir="$apply_dir"
 elif test -d "$merge_dir"
 then
-	if test -f "$merge_dir"/interactive
+	if test -d "$merge_dir"/rewritten
+	then
+		type=preserve-merges
+		interactive_rebase=explicit
+		preserve_merges=t
+	elif test -f "$merge_dir"/interactive
 	then
 		type=interactive
 		interactive_rebase=explicit
@@ -239,7 +272,7 @@ do
 	--verify)
 		ok_to_skip_pre_rebase=
 		;;
-	--continue|--skip|--abort|--edit-todo)
+	--continue|--skip|--abort|--quit|--edit-todo|--show-current-patch)
 		test $total_argc -eq 2 || usage
 		action=${1##--}
 		;;
@@ -248,6 +281,7 @@ do
 		;;
 	--exec=*)
 		cmd="${cmd}exec ${1#--exec=}${LF}"
+		test -z "$interactive_rebase" && interactive_rebase=implied
 		;;
 	--interactive)
 		interactive_rebase=explicit
@@ -255,6 +289,25 @@ do
 	--keep-empty)
 		keep_empty=yes
 		;;
+	--allow-empty-message)
+		allow_empty_message=--allow-empty-message
+		;;
+	--no-keep-empty)
+		keep_empty=
+		;;
+	--rebase-merges)
+		rebase_merges=t
+		test -z "$interactive_rebase" && interactive_rebase=implied
+		;;
+	--rebase-merges=*)
+		rebase_merges=t
+		case "${1#*=}" in
+		rebase-cousins) rebase_cousins=t;;
+		no-rebase-cousins) rebase_cousins=;;
+		*) die "Unknown mode: $1";;
+		esac
+		test -z "$interactive_rebase" && interactive_rebase=implied
+		;;
 	--preserve-merges)
 		preserve_merges=t
 		test -z "$interactive_rebase" && interactive_rebase=implied
@@ -275,7 +328,7 @@ do
 		do_merge=t
 		;;
 	--strategy-option=*)
-		strategy_opts="$strategy_opts $(git rev-parse --sq-quote "--${1#--strategy-option=}")"
+		strategy_opts="$strategy_opts $(git rev-parse --sq-quote "--${1#--strategy-option=}" | sed -e s/^.//)"
 		do_merge=t
 		test -z "$strategy" && strategy=recursive
 		;;
@@ -292,6 +345,9 @@ do
 	--autostash)
 		autostash=true
 		;;
+	--no-autostash)
+		autostash=false
+		;;
 	--verbose)
 		verbose=t
 		diffstat=t
@@ -314,6 +370,12 @@ do
 	--ignore-whitespace)
 		git_am_opt="$git_am_opt $1"
 		;;
+	--signoff)
+		signoff=--signoff
+		;;
+	--no-signoff)
+		signoff=
+		;;
 	--committer-date-is-author-date|--ignore-date)
 		git_am_opt="$git_am_opt $1"
 		force_rebase=t
@@ -340,29 +402,26 @@ do
 		shift
 		break
 		;;
+	*)
+		usage
+		;;
 	esac
 	shift
 done
 test $# -gt 2 && usage
 
-if test -n "$cmd" &&
-   test "$interactive_rebase" != explicit
-then
-	die "$(gettext "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option")"
-fi
-
 if test -n "$action"
 then
 	test -z "$in_progress" && die "$(gettext "No rebase in progress?")"
 	# Only interactive rebase uses detailed reflog messages
-	if test "$type" = interactive && test "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION" = rebase
+	if test -n "$interactive_rebase" && test "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION" = rebase
 	then
 		GIT_REFLOG_ACTION="rebase -i ($action)"
 		export GIT_REFLOG_ACTION
 	fi
 fi
 
-if test "$action" = "edit-todo" && test "$type" != "interactive"
+if test "$action" = "edit-todo" && test -z "$interactive_rebase"
 then
 	die "$(gettext "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase.")"
 fi
@@ -399,9 +458,16 @@ abort)
 	finish_rebase
 	exit
 	;;
+quit)
+	exec rm -rf "$state_dir"
+	;;
 edit-todo)
 	run_specific_rebase
 	;;
+show-current-patch)
+	run_specific_rebase
+	die "BUG: run_specific_rebase is not supposed to return here"
+	;;
 esac
 
 # Make sure no rebase is in progress
@@ -426,9 +492,20 @@ then
 	test -z "$interactive_rebase" && interactive_rebase=implied
 fi
 
+if test -n "$keep_empty"
+then
+	test -z "$interactive_rebase" && interactive_rebase=implied
+fi
+
 if test -n "$interactive_rebase"
 then
-	type=interactive
+	if test -z "$preserve_merges"
+	then
+		type=interactive
+	else
+		type=preserve-merges
+	fi
+
 	state_dir="$merge_dir"
 elif test -n "$do_merge"
 then
@@ -439,6 +516,54 @@ else
 	state_dir="$apply_dir"
 fi
 
+if test -t 2 && test -z "$GIT_QUIET"
+then
+	git_format_patch_opt="$git_format_patch_opt --progress"
+fi
+
+if test -n "$git_am_opt"; then
+	incompatible_opts=$(echo " $git_am_opt " | \
+			    sed -e 's/ -q / /g' -e 's/^ \(.*\) $/\1/')
+	if test -n "$interactive_rebase"
+	then
+		if test -n "$incompatible_opts"
+		then
+			die "$(gettext "error: cannot combine interactive options (--interactive, --exec, --rebase-merges, --preserve-merges, --keep-empty, --root + --onto) with am options ($incompatible_opts)")"
+		fi
+	fi
+	if test -n "$do_merge"; then
+		if test -n "$incompatible_opts"
+		then
+			die "$(gettext "error: cannot combine merge options (--merge, --strategy, --strategy-option) with am options ($incompatible_opts)")"
+		fi
+	fi
+fi
+
+if test -n "$signoff"
+then
+	test -n "$preserve_merges" &&
+		die "$(gettext "error: cannot combine '--signoff' with '--preserve-merges'")"
+	git_am_opt="$git_am_opt $signoff"
+	force_rebase=t
+fi
+
+if test -n "$preserve_merges"
+then
+	# Note: incompatibility with --signoff handled in signoff block above
+	# Note: incompatibility with --interactive is just a strong warning;
+	#       git-rebase.txt caveats with "unless you know what you are doing"
+	test -n "$rebase_merges" &&
+		die "$(gettext "error: cannot combine '--preserve_merges' with '--rebase-merges'")"
+fi
+
+if test -n "$rebase_merges"
+then
+	test -n "$strategy_opts" &&
+		die "$(gettext "error: cannot combine '--rebase_merges' with '--strategy-option'")"
+	test -n "$strategy" &&
+		die "$(gettext "error: cannot combine '--rebase_merges' with '--strategy'")"
+fi
+
 if test -z "$rebase_root"
 then
 	case "$#" in
@@ -448,7 +573,7 @@ then
 		then
 			. git-parse-remote
 			error_on_missing_default_upstream "rebase" "rebase" \
-				"against" "git rebase <branch>"
+				"against" "git rebase $(gettext '<branch>')"
 		fi
 
 		test "$fork_point" = auto && fork_point=t
@@ -462,7 +587,7 @@ then
 		;;
 	esac
 	upstream=$(peel_committish "${upstream_name}") ||
-	die "$(eval_gettext "invalid upstream \$upstream_name")"
+	die "$(eval_gettext "invalid upstream '\$upstream_name'")"
 	upstream_arg="$upstream_name"
 else
 	if test -z "$onto"
@@ -503,7 +628,7 @@ case "$onto_name" in
 esac
 
 # If the branch to rebase is given, that is the branch we will rebase
-# $branch_name -- branch being rebased, or HEAD (already detached)
+# $branch_name -- branch/commit being rebased, or HEAD (already detached)
 # $orig_head -- commit object name of tip of the branch before rebasing
 # $head_name -- refs/heads/<that-branch> or "detached HEAD"
 switch_to=
@@ -513,15 +638,18 @@ case "$#" in
 	branch_name="$1"
 	switch_to="$1"
 
-	if git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$1" &&
-	   orig_head=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "refs/heads/$1")
+	# Is it a local branch?
+	if git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$branch_name" &&
+	   orig_head=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "refs/heads/$branch_name")
 	then
-		head_name="refs/heads/$1"
-	elif orig_head=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$1")
+		head_name="refs/heads/$branch_name"
+	# If not is it a valid ref (branch or commit)?
+	elif orig_head=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$branch_name")
 	then
 		head_name="detached HEAD"
+
 	else
-		die "$(eval_gettext "fatal: no such branch: \$branch_name")"
+		die "$(eval_gettext "fatal: no such branch/commit '\$branch_name'")"
 	fi
 	;;
 0)
@@ -532,7 +660,7 @@ case "$#" in
 		branch_name=$(expr "z$branch_name" : 'zrefs/heads/\(.*\)')
 	else
 		head_name="detached HEAD"
-		branch_name=HEAD ;# detached
+		branch_name=HEAD
 	fi
 	orig_head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) || exit
 	;;
@@ -572,7 +700,7 @@ require_clean_work_tree "rebase" "$(gettext "Please commit or stash them.")"
 # but this should be done only when upstream and onto are the same
 # and if this is not an interactive rebase.
 mb=$(git merge-base "$onto" "$orig_head")
-if test "$type" != interactive && test "$upstream" = "$onto" &&
+if test -z "$interactive_rebase" && test "$upstream" = "$onto" &&
 	test "$mb" = "$onto" && test -z "$restrict_revision" &&
 	# linear history?
 	! (git rev-list --parents "$onto".."$orig_head" | sane_grep " .* ") > /dev/null
@@ -582,12 +710,24 @@ then
 		# Lazily switch to the target branch if needed...
 		test -z "$switch_to" ||
 		GIT_REFLOG_ACTION="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: checkout $switch_to" \
-			git checkout "$switch_to" --
-		say "$(eval_gettext "Current branch \$branch_name is up to date.")"
+			git checkout -q "$switch_to" --
+		if test "$branch_name" = "HEAD" &&
+			 ! git symbolic-ref -q HEAD
+		then
+			say "$(eval_gettext "HEAD is up to date.")"
+		else
+			say "$(eval_gettext "Current branch \$branch_name is up to date.")"
+		fi
 		finish_rebase
 		exit 0
 	else
-		say "$(eval_gettext "Current branch \$branch_name is up to date, rebase forced.")"
+		if test "$branch_name" = "HEAD" &&
+			 ! git symbolic-ref -q HEAD
+		then
+			say "$(eval_gettext "HEAD is up to date, rebase forced.")"
+		else
+			say "$(eval_gettext "Current branch \$branch_name is up to date, rebase forced.")"
+		fi
 	fi
 fi
 
@@ -604,7 +744,7 @@ then
 	GIT_PAGER='' git diff --stat --summary "$mb" "$onto"
 fi
 
-test "$type" = interactive && run_specific_rebase
+test -n "$interactive_rebase" && run_specific_rebase
 
 # Detach HEAD and reset the tree
 say "$(gettext "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it...")"
diff --git a/git-relink.perl b/git-relink.perl
deleted file mode 100755
index 236a3521a1..0000000000
--- a/git-relink.perl
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,173 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/perl
-# Copyright 2005, Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com>
-# Distribution permitted under the GPL v2, as distributed
-# by the Free Software Foundation.
-# Later versions of the GPL at the discretion of Linus Torvalds
-#
-# Scan two git object-trees, and hardlink any common objects between them.
-
-use 5.008;
-use strict;
-use warnings;
-use Getopt::Long;
-
-sub get_canonical_form($);
-sub do_scan_directory($$$);
-sub compare_two_files($$);
-sub usage();
-sub link_two_files($$);
-
-# stats
-my $total_linked = 0;
-my $total_already = 0;
-my ($linked,$already);
-
-my $fail_on_different_sizes = 0;
-my $help = 0;
-GetOptions("safe" => \$fail_on_different_sizes,
-	   "help" => \$help);
-
-usage() if $help;
-
-my (@dirs) = @ARGV;
-
-usage() if (!defined $dirs[0] || !defined $dirs[1]);
-
-$_ = get_canonical_form($_) foreach (@dirs);
-
-my $master_dir = pop @dirs;
-
-opendir(D,$master_dir . "objects/")
-	or die "Failed to open $master_dir/objects/ : $!";
-
-my @hashdirs = grep { ($_ eq 'pack') || /^[0-9a-f]{2}$/ } readdir(D);
-
-foreach my $repo (@dirs) {
-	$linked = 0;
-	$already = 0;
-	printf("Searching '%s' and '%s' for common objects and hardlinking them...\n",
-		$master_dir,$repo);
-
-	foreach my $hashdir (@hashdirs) {
-		do_scan_directory($master_dir, $hashdir, $repo);
-	}
-
-	printf("Linked %d files, %d were already linked.\n",$linked, $already);
-
-	$total_linked += $linked;
-	$total_already += $already;
-}
-
-printf("Totals: Linked %d files, %d were already linked.\n",
-	$total_linked, $total_already);
-
-
-sub do_scan_directory($$$) {
-	my ($srcdir, $subdir, $dstdir) = @_;
-
-	my $sfulldir = sprintf("%sobjects/%s/",$srcdir,$subdir);
-	my $dfulldir = sprintf("%sobjects/%s/",$dstdir,$subdir);
-
-	opendir(S,$sfulldir)
-		or die "Failed to opendir $sfulldir: $!";
-
-	foreach my $file (grep(!/\.{1,2}$/, readdir(S))) {
-		my $sfilename = $sfulldir . $file;
-		my $dfilename = $dfulldir . $file;
-
-		compare_two_files($sfilename,$dfilename);
-
-	}
-	closedir(S);
-}
-
-sub compare_two_files($$) {
-	my ($sfilename, $dfilename) = @_;
-
-	# Perl's stat returns relevant information as follows:
-	# 0 = dev number
-	# 1 = inode number
-	# 7 = size
-	my @sstatinfo = stat($sfilename);
-	my @dstatinfo = stat($dfilename);
-
-	if (@sstatinfo == 0 && @dstatinfo == 0) {
-		die sprintf("Stat of both %s and %s failed: %s\n",$sfilename, $dfilename, $!);
-
-	} elsif (@dstatinfo == 0) {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if ( ($sstatinfo[0] == $dstatinfo[0]) &&
-	     ($sstatinfo[1] != $dstatinfo[1])) {
-		if ($sstatinfo[7] == $dstatinfo[7]) {
-			link_two_files($sfilename, $dfilename);
-
-		} else {
-			my $err = sprintf("ERROR: File sizes are not the same, cannot relink %s to %s.\n",
-				$sfilename, $dfilename);
-			if ($fail_on_different_sizes) {
-				die $err;
-			} else {
-				warn $err;
-			}
-		}
-
-	} elsif ( ($sstatinfo[0] == $dstatinfo[0]) &&
-	     ($sstatinfo[1] == $dstatinfo[1])) {
-		$already++;
-	}
-}
-
-sub get_canonical_form($) {
-	my $dir = shift;
-	my $original = $dir;
-
-	die "$dir is not a directory." unless -d $dir;
-
-	$dir .= "/" unless $dir =~ m#/$#;
-	$dir .= ".git/" unless $dir =~ m#\.git/$#;
-
-	die "$original does not have a .git/ subdirectory.\n" unless -d $dir;
-
-	return $dir;
-}
-
-sub link_two_files($$) {
-	my ($sfilename, $dfilename) = @_;
-	my $tmpdname = sprintf("%s.old",$dfilename);
-	rename($dfilename,$tmpdname)
-		or die sprintf("Failure renaming %s to %s: %s",
-			$dfilename, $tmpdname, $!);
-
-	if (! link($sfilename,$dfilename)) {
-		my $failtxt = "";
-		unless (rename($tmpdname,$dfilename)) {
-			$failtxt = sprintf(
-				"Git Repository containing %s is probably corrupted, " .
-				"please copy '%s' to '%s' to fix.\n",
-				$tmpdname, $dfilename);
-		}
-
-		die sprintf("Failed to link %s to %s: %s\n%s" .
-			$sfilename, $dfilename,
-			$!, $dfilename, $failtxt);
-	}
-
-	unlink($tmpdname)
-		or die sprintf("Unlink of %s failed: %s\n",
-			$dfilename, $!);
-
-	$linked++;
-}
-
-
-sub usage() {
-	print("usage: git relink [--safe] <dir>... <master_dir> \n");
-	print("All directories should contain a .git/objects/ subdirectory.\n");
-	print("Options\n");
-	print("\t--safe\t" .
-		"Stops if two objects with the same hash exist but " .
-		"have different sizes.  Default is to warn and continue.\n");
-	exit(1);
-}
diff --git a/git-request-pull.sh b/git-request-pull.sh
index d5500fde46..13c172bd94 100755
--- a/git-request-pull.sh
+++ b/git-request-pull.sh
@@ -4,9 +4,6 @@
 # This file is licensed under the GPL v2, or a later version
 # at the discretion of Linus Torvalds.
 
-USAGE='<start> <url> [<end>]'
-LONG_USAGE='Summarizes the changes between two commits to the standard output,
-and includes the given URL in the generated summary.'
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK='Yes'
 OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
 OPTIONS_STUCKLONG=
@@ -131,7 +128,7 @@ git show -s --format='The following changes since commit %H:
 
   %s (%ci)
 
-are available in the git repository at:
+are available in the Git repository at:
 ' $merge_base &&
 echo "  $url $pretty_remote" &&
 git show -s --format='
diff --git a/git-send-email.perl b/git-send-email.perl
index e1e9b1460c..2be5dac337 100755
--- a/git-send-email.perl
+++ b/git-send-email.perl
@@ -19,15 +19,20 @@
 use 5.008;
 use strict;
 use warnings;
+use POSIX qw/strftime/;
 use Term::ReadLine;
 use Getopt::Long;
 use Text::ParseWords;
-use Data::Dumper;
 use Term::ANSIColor;
 use File::Temp qw/ tempdir tempfile /;
-use File::Spec::Functions qw(catfile);
-use Error qw(:try);
+use File::Spec::Functions qw(catdir catfile);
+use Git::LoadCPAN::Error qw(:try);
+use Cwd qw(abs_path cwd);
 use Git;
+use Git::I18N;
+use Net::Domain ();
+use Net::SMTP ();
+use Git::LoadCPAN::Mail::Address;
 
 Getopt::Long::Configure qw/ pass_through /;
 
@@ -46,6 +51,7 @@ package main;
 sub usage {
 	print <<EOT;
 git send-email [options] <file | directory | rev-list options >
+git send-email --dump-aliases
 
   Composing:
     --from                  <str>  * Email From:
@@ -53,6 +59,7 @@ git send-email [options] <file | directory | rev-list options >
     --[no-]cc               <str>  * Email Cc:
     --[no-]bcc              <str>  * Email Bcc:
     --subject               <str>  * Email "Subject:"
+    --reply-to              <str>  * Email "Reply-To:"
     --in-reply-to           <str>  * Email "In-Reply-To:"
     --[no-]xmailer                 * Add "X-Mailer:" header (default).
     --[no-]annotate                * Review each patch that will be sent in an editor.
@@ -75,8 +82,14 @@ git send-email [options] <file | directory | rev-list options >
                                      Pass an empty string to disable certificate
                                      verification.
     --smtp-domain           <str>  * The domain name sent to HELO/EHLO handshake
+    --smtp-auth             <str>  * Space-separated list of allowed AUTH mechanisms.
+                                     This setting forces to use one of the listed mechanisms.
     --smtp-debug            <0|1>  * Disable, enable Net::SMTP debug.
 
+    --batch-size            <int>  * send max <int> message per connection.
+    --relogin-delay         <int>  * delay <int> seconds between two successive login.
+                                     This option can only be used with --batch-size
+
   Automating:
     --identity              <str>  * Use the sendemail.<id> options.
     --to-cmd                <str>  * Email To: via `<str> \$patch_path`
@@ -99,6 +112,9 @@ git send-email [options] <file | directory | rev-list options >
                                      `git format-patch` ones.
     --force                        * Send even if safety checks would prevent it.
 
+  Information:
+    --dump-aliases                 * Dump configured aliases and exit.
+
 EOT
 	exit(1);
 }
@@ -111,20 +127,20 @@ sub format_2822_time {
 	my $localmin = $localtm[1] + $localtm[2] * 60;
 	my $gmtmin = $gmttm[1] + $gmttm[2] * 60;
 	if ($localtm[0] != $gmttm[0]) {
-		die "local zone differs from GMT by a non-minute interval\n";
+		die __("local zone differs from GMT by a non-minute interval\n");
 	}
 	if ((($gmttm[6] + 1) % 7) == $localtm[6]) {
 		$localmin += 1440;
 	} elsif ((($gmttm[6] - 1) % 7) == $localtm[6]) {
 		$localmin -= 1440;
 	} elsif ($gmttm[6] != $localtm[6]) {
-		die "local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n";
+		die __("local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n");
 	}
 	my $offset = $localmin - $gmtmin;
 	my $offhour = $offset / 60;
 	my $offmin = abs($offset % 60);
 	if (abs($offhour) >= 24) {
-		die ("local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n");
+		die __("local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n");
 	}
 
 	return sprintf("%s, %2d %s %d %02d:%02d:%02d %s%02d%02d",
@@ -143,9 +159,9 @@ sub format_2822_time {
 }
 
 my $have_email_valid = eval { require Email::Valid; 1 };
-my $have_mail_address = eval { require Mail::Address; 1 };
 my $smtp;
 my $auth;
+my $num_sent = 0;
 
 # Regexes for RFC 2047 productions.
 my $re_token = qr/[^][()<>@,;:\\"\/?.= \000-\037\177-\377]+/;
@@ -154,13 +170,13 @@ my $re_encoded_word = qr/=\?($re_token)\?($re_token)\?($re_encoded_text)\?=/;
 
 # Variables we fill in automatically, or via prompting:
 my (@to,$no_to,@initial_to,@cc,$no_cc,@initial_cc,@bcclist,$no_bcc,@xh,
-	$initial_reply_to,$initial_subject,@files,
+	$initial_in_reply_to,$reply_to,$initial_subject,@files,
 	$author,$sender,$smtp_authpass,$annotate,$use_xmailer,$compose,$time);
 
 my $envelope_sender;
 
 # Example reply to:
-#$initial_reply_to = ''; #<20050203173208.GA23964@foobar.com>';
+#$initial_in_reply_to = ''; #<20050203173208.GA23964@foobar.com>';
 
 my $repo = eval { Git->repository() };
 my @repo = $repo ? ($repo) : ();
@@ -178,6 +194,7 @@ my ($quiet, $dry_run) = (0, 0);
 my $format_patch;
 my $compose_filename;
 my $force = 0;
+my $dump_aliases = 0;
 
 # Handle interactive edition of files.
 my $multiedit;
@@ -191,13 +208,13 @@ sub do_edit {
 		map {
 			system('sh', '-c', $editor.' "$@"', $editor, $_);
 			if (($? & 127) || ($? >> 8)) {
-				die("the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything");
+				die(__("the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything"));
 			}
 		} @_;
 	} else {
 		system('sh', '-c', $editor.' "$@"', $editor, @_);
 		if (($? & 127) || ($? >> 8)) {
-			die("the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything");
+			die(__("the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything"));
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -208,12 +225,13 @@ my ($cover_cc, $cover_to);
 my ($to_cmd, $cc_cmd);
 my ($smtp_server, $smtp_server_port, @smtp_server_options);
 my ($smtp_authuser, $smtp_encryption, $smtp_ssl_cert_path);
-my ($identity, $aliasfiletype, @alias_files, $smtp_domain);
+my ($batch_size, $relogin_delay);
+my ($identity, $aliasfiletype, @alias_files, $smtp_domain, $smtp_auth);
 my ($validate, $confirm);
 my (@suppress_cc);
 my ($auto_8bit_encoding);
 my ($compose_encoding);
-my ($target_xfer_encoding);
+my $target_xfer_encoding = 'auto';
 
 my ($debug_net_smtp) = 0;		# Net::SMTP, see send_message()
 
@@ -237,8 +255,10 @@ my %config_settings = (
     "smtpserveroption" => \@smtp_server_options,
     "smtpuser" => \$smtp_authuser,
     "smtppass" => \$smtp_authpass,
-    "smtpsslcertpath" => \$smtp_ssl_cert_path,
     "smtpdomain" => \$smtp_domain,
+    "smtpauth" => \$smtp_auth,
+    "smtpbatchsize" => \$batch_size,
+    "smtprelogindelay" => \$relogin_delay,
     "to" => \@initial_to,
     "tocmd" => \$to_cmd,
     "cc" => \@initial_cc,
@@ -256,6 +276,7 @@ my %config_settings = (
 
 my %config_path_settings = (
     "aliasesfile" => \@alias_files,
+    "smtpsslcertpath" => \$smtp_ssl_cert_path,
 );
 
 # Handle Uncouth Termination
@@ -270,10 +291,13 @@ sub signal_handler {
 	# tmp files from --compose
 	if (defined $compose_filename) {
 		if (-e $compose_filename) {
-			print "'$compose_filename' contains an intermediate version of the email you were composing.\n";
+			printf __("'%s' contains an intermediate version ".
+				  "of the email you were composing.\n"),
+				  $compose_filename;
 		}
 		if (-e ($compose_filename . ".final")) {
-			print "'$compose_filename.final' contains the composed email.\n"
+			printf __("'%s.final' contains the composed email.\n"),
+				  $compose_filename;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -288,8 +312,14 @@ $SIG{INT}  = \&signal_handler;
 
 my $help;
 my $rc = GetOptions("h" => \$help,
+                    "dump-aliases" => \$dump_aliases);
+usage() unless $rc;
+die __("--dump-aliases incompatible with other options\n")
+    if !$help and $dump_aliases and @ARGV;
+$rc = GetOptions(
 		    "sender|from=s" => \$sender,
-                    "in-reply-to=s" => \$initial_reply_to,
+                    "in-reply-to=s" => \$initial_in_reply_to,
+		    "reply-to=s" => \$reply_to,
 		    "subject=s" => \$initial_subject,
 		    "to=s" => \@initial_to,
 		    "to-cmd=s" => \$to_cmd,
@@ -310,6 +340,7 @@ my $rc = GetOptions("h" => \$help,
 		    "smtp-ssl-cert-path=s" => \$smtp_ssl_cert_path,
 		    "smtp-debug:i" => \$debug_net_smtp,
 		    "smtp-domain:s" => \$smtp_domain,
+		    "smtp-auth=s" => \$smtp_auth,
 		    "identity=s" => \$identity,
 		    "annotate!" => \$annotate,
 		    "no-annotate" => sub {$annotate = 0},
@@ -340,6 +371,8 @@ my $rc = GetOptions("h" => \$help,
 		    "force" => \$force,
 		    "xmailer!" => \$use_xmailer,
 		    "no-xmailer" => sub {$use_xmailer = 0},
+		    "batch-size=i" => \$batch_size,
+		    "relogin-delay=i" => \$relogin_delay,
 	 );
 
 usage() if $help;
@@ -347,9 +380,13 @@ unless ($rc) {
     usage();
 }
 
-die "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+die __("Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n")
 	if $format_patch and not $repo;
 
+die __("`batch-size` and `relogin` must be specified together " .
+	"(via command-line or configuration option)\n")
+	if defined $relogin_delay and not defined $batch_size;
+
 # Now, let's fill any that aren't set in with defaults:
 
 sub read_config {
@@ -416,7 +453,7 @@ $smtp_encryption = '' unless (defined $smtp_encryption);
 my(%suppress_cc);
 if (@suppress_cc) {
 	foreach my $entry (@suppress_cc) {
-		die "Unknown --suppress-cc field: '$entry'\n"
+		die sprintf(__("Unknown --suppress-cc field: '%s'\n"), $entry)
 			unless $entry =~ /^(?:all|cccmd|cc|author|self|sob|body|bodycc)$/;
 		$suppress_cc{$entry} = 1;
 	}
@@ -445,7 +482,7 @@ my $confirm_unconfigured = !defined $confirm;
 if ($confirm_unconfigured) {
 	$confirm = scalar %suppress_cc ? 'compose' : 'auto';
 };
-die "Unknown --confirm setting: '$confirm'\n"
+die sprintf(__("Unknown --confirm setting: '%s'\n"), $confirm)
 	unless $confirm =~ /^(?:auto|cc|compose|always|never)/;
 
 # Debugging, print out the suppressions.
@@ -460,44 +497,62 @@ my ($repoauthor, $repocommitter);
 ($repoauthor) = Git::ident_person(@repo, 'author');
 ($repocommitter) = Git::ident_person(@repo, 'committer');
 
-# Verify the user input
-
-foreach my $entry (@initial_to) {
-	die "Comma in --to entry: $entry'\n" unless $entry !~ m/,/;
+sub parse_address_line {
+	return map { $_->format } Mail::Address->parse($_[0]);
 }
 
-foreach my $entry (@initial_cc) {
-	die "Comma in --cc entry: $entry'\n" unless $entry !~ m/,/;
+sub split_addrs {
+	return quotewords('\s*,\s*', 1, @_);
 }
 
-foreach my $entry (@bcclist) {
-	die "Comma in --bcclist entry: $entry'\n" unless $entry !~ m/,/;
-}
+my %aliases;
 
-sub parse_address_line {
-	if ($have_mail_address) {
-		return map { $_->format } Mail::Address->parse($_[0]);
+sub parse_sendmail_alias {
+	local $_ = shift;
+	if (/"/) {
+		printf STDERR __("warning: sendmail alias with quotes is not supported: %s\n"), $_;
+	} elsif (/:include:/) {
+		printf STDERR __("warning: `:include:` not supported: %s\n"), $_;
+	} elsif (/[\/|]/) {
+		printf STDERR __("warning: `/file` or `|pipe` redirection not supported: %s\n"), $_;
+	} elsif (/^(\S+?)\s*:\s*(.+)$/) {
+		my ($alias, $addr) = ($1, $2);
+		$aliases{$alias} = [ split_addrs($addr) ];
 	} else {
-		return split_addrs($_[0]);
+		printf STDERR __("warning: sendmail line is not recognized: %s\n"), $_;
 	}
 }
 
-sub split_addrs {
-	return quotewords('\s*,\s*', 1, @_);
+sub parse_sendmail_aliases {
+	my $fh = shift;
+	my $s = '';
+	while (<$fh>) {
+		chomp;
+		next if /^\s*$/ || /^\s*#/;
+		$s .= $_, next if $s =~ s/\\$// || s/^\s+//;
+		parse_sendmail_alias($s) if $s;
+		$s = $_;
+	}
+	$s =~ s/\\$//; # silently tolerate stray '\' on last line
+	parse_sendmail_alias($s) if $s;
 }
 
-my %aliases;
 my %parse_alias = (
 	# multiline formats can be supported in the future
 	mutt => sub { my $fh = shift; while (<$fh>) {
 		if (/^\s*alias\s+(?:-group\s+\S+\s+)*(\S+)\s+(.*)$/) {
 			my ($alias, $addr) = ($1, $2);
 			$addr =~ s/#.*$//; # mutt allows # comments
-			 # commas delimit multiple addresses
-			$aliases{$alias} = [ split_addrs($addr) ];
+			# commas delimit multiple addresses
+			my @addr = split_addrs($addr);
+
+			# quotes may be escaped in the file,
+			# unescape them so we do not double-escape them later.
+			s/\\"/"/g foreach @addr;
+			$aliases{$alias} = \@addr
 		}}},
 	mailrc => sub { my $fh = shift; while (<$fh>) {
-		if (/^alias\s+(\S+)\s+(.*)$/) {
+		if (/^alias\s+(\S+)\s+(.*?)\s*$/) {
 			# spaces delimit multiple addresses
 			$aliases{$1} = [ quotewords('\s+', 0, $2) ];
 		}}},
@@ -515,7 +570,7 @@ my %parse_alias = (
 			       $aliases{$alias} = [ split_addrs($addr) ];
 			  }
 		      } },
-
+	sendmail => \&parse_sendmail_aliases,
 	gnus => sub { my $fh = shift; while (<$fh>) {
 		if (/\(define-mail-alias\s+"(\S+?)"\s+"(\S+?)"\)/) {
 			$aliases{$1} = [ $2 ];
@@ -530,7 +585,10 @@ if (@alias_files and $aliasfiletype and defined $parse_alias{$aliasfiletype}) {
 	}
 }
 
-($sender) = expand_aliases($sender) if defined $sender;
+if ($dump_aliases) {
+    print "$_\n" for (sort keys %aliases);
+    exit(0);
+}
 
 # is_format_patch_arg($f) returns 0 if $f names a patch, or 1 if
 # $f is a revision list specification to be passed to format-patch.
@@ -542,11 +600,11 @@ sub is_format_patch_arg {
 		if (defined($format_patch)) {
 			return $format_patch;
 		}
-		die(<<EOF);
-File '$f' exists but it could also be the range of commits
+		die sprintf(__ <<EOF, $f, $f);
+File '%s' exists but it could also be the range of commits
 to produce patches for.  Please disambiguate by...
 
-    * Saying "./$f" if you mean a file; or
+    * Saying "./%s" if you mean a file; or
     * Giving --format-patch option if you mean a range.
 EOF
 	} catch Git::Error::Command with {
@@ -564,7 +622,7 @@ while (defined(my $f = shift @ARGV)) {
 		@ARGV = ();
 	} elsif (-d $f and !is_format_patch_arg($f)) {
 		opendir my $dh, $f
-			or die "Failed to opendir $f: $!";
+			or die sprintf(__("Failed to opendir %s: %s"), $f, $!);
 
 		push @files, grep { -f $_ } map { catfile($f, $_) }
 				sort readdir $dh;
@@ -577,16 +635,19 @@ while (defined(my $f = shift @ARGV)) {
 }
 
 if (@rev_list_opts) {
-	die "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+	die __("Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n")
 		unless $repo;
 	push @files, $repo->command('format-patch', '-o', tempdir(CLEANUP => 1), @rev_list_opts);
 }
 
+@files = handle_backup_files(@files);
+
 if ($validate) {
 	foreach my $f (@files) {
 		unless (-p $f) {
-			my $error = validate_patch($f);
-			$error and die "fatal: $f: $error\nwarning: no patches were sent\n";
+			my $error = validate_patch($f, $target_xfer_encoding);
+			$error and die sprintf(__("fatal: %s: %s\nwarning: no patches were sent\n"),
+						  $f, $error);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -596,7 +657,7 @@ if (@files) {
 		print $_,"\n" for (@files);
 	}
 } else {
-	print STDERR "\nNo patch files specified!\n\n";
+	print STDERR __("\nNo patch files specified!\n\n");
 	usage();
 }
 
@@ -609,7 +670,7 @@ sub get_patch_subject {
 		return "GIT: $1\n";
 	}
 	close $fh;
-	die "No subject line in $fn ?";
+	die sprintf(__("No subject line in %s?"), $fn);
 }
 
 if ($compose) {
@@ -619,25 +680,29 @@ if ($compose) {
 		tempfile(".gitsendemail.msg.XXXXXX", DIR => $repo->repo_path()) :
 		tempfile(".gitsendemail.msg.XXXXXX", DIR => "."))[1];
 	open my $c, ">", $compose_filename
-		or die "Failed to open for writing $compose_filename: $!";
+		or die sprintf(__("Failed to open for writing %s: %s"), $compose_filename, $!);
 
 
 	my $tpl_sender = $sender || $repoauthor || $repocommitter || '';
 	my $tpl_subject = $initial_subject || '';
-	my $tpl_reply_to = $initial_reply_to || '';
+	my $tpl_in_reply_to = $initial_in_reply_to || '';
+	my $tpl_reply_to = $reply_to || '';
 
-	print $c <<EOT;
+	print $c <<EOT1, Git::prefix_lines("GIT: ", __ <<EOT2), <<EOT3;
 From $tpl_sender # This line is ignored.
-GIT: Lines beginning in "GIT:" will be removed.
-GIT: Consider including an overall diffstat or table of contents
-GIT: for the patch you are writing.
-GIT:
-GIT: Clear the body content if you don't wish to send a summary.
+EOT1
+Lines beginning in "GIT:" will be removed.
+Consider including an overall diffstat or table of contents
+for the patch you are writing.
+
+Clear the body content if you don't wish to send a summary.
+EOT2
 From: $tpl_sender
+Reply-To: $tpl_reply_to
 Subject: $tpl_subject
-In-Reply-To: $tpl_reply_to
+In-Reply-To: $tpl_in_reply_to
 
-EOT
+EOT3
 	for my $f (@files) {
 		print $c get_patch_subject($f);
 	}
@@ -649,57 +714,73 @@ EOT
 		do_edit($compose_filename);
 	}
 
-	open my $c2, ">", $compose_filename . ".final"
-		or die "Failed to open $compose_filename.final : " . $!;
-
 	open $c, "<", $compose_filename
-		or die "Failed to open $compose_filename : " . $!;
+		or die sprintf(__("Failed to open %s: %s"), $compose_filename, $!);
 
-	my $need_8bit_cte = file_has_nonascii($compose_filename);
-	my $in_body = 0;
-	my $summary_empty = 1;
 	if (!defined $compose_encoding) {
 		$compose_encoding = "UTF-8";
 	}
-	while(<$c>) {
-		next if m/^GIT:/;
-		if ($in_body) {
-			$summary_empty = 0 unless (/^\n$/);
-		} elsif (/^\n$/) {
-			$in_body = 1;
-			if ($need_8bit_cte) {
-				print $c2 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n",
-					 "Content-Type: text/plain; ",
-					   "charset=$compose_encoding\n",
-					 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n";
-			}
-		} elsif (/^MIME-Version:/i) {
-			$need_8bit_cte = 0;
-		} elsif (/^Subject:\s*(.+)\s*$/i) {
-			$initial_subject = $1;
-			my $subject = $initial_subject;
-			$_ = "Subject: " .
-				quote_subject($subject, $compose_encoding) .
-				"\n";
-		} elsif (/^In-Reply-To:\s*(.+)\s*$/i) {
-			$initial_reply_to = $1;
-			next;
-		} elsif (/^From:\s*(.+)\s*$/i) {
-			$sender = $1;
-			next;
-		} elsif (/^(?:To|Cc|Bcc):/i) {
-			print "To/Cc/Bcc fields are not interpreted yet, they have been ignored\n";
-			next;
+
+	my %parsed_email;
+	while (my $line = <$c>) {
+		next if $line =~ m/^GIT:/;
+		parse_header_line($line, \%parsed_email);
+		if ($line =~ /^$/) {
+			$parsed_email{'body'} = filter_body($c);
 		}
-		print $c2 $_;
 	}
 	close $c;
-	close $c2;
 
-	if ($summary_empty) {
-		print "Summary email is empty, skipping it\n";
+	open my $c2, ">", $compose_filename . ".final"
+	or die sprintf(__("Failed to open %s.final: %s"), $compose_filename, $!);
+
+
+	if ($parsed_email{'From'}) {
+		$sender = delete($parsed_email{'From'});
+	}
+	if ($parsed_email{'In-Reply-To'}) {
+		$initial_in_reply_to = delete($parsed_email{'In-Reply-To'});
+	}
+	if ($parsed_email{'Reply-To'}) {
+		$reply_to = delete($parsed_email{'Reply-To'});
+	}
+	if ($parsed_email{'Subject'}) {
+		$initial_subject = delete($parsed_email{'Subject'});
+		print $c2 "Subject: " .
+			quote_subject($initial_subject, $compose_encoding) .
+			"\n";
+	}
+
+	if ($parsed_email{'MIME-Version'}) {
+		print $c2 "MIME-Version: $parsed_email{'MIME-Version'}\n",
+				"Content-Type: $parsed_email{'Content-Type'};\n",
+				"Content-Transfer-Encoding: $parsed_email{'Content-Transfer-Encoding'}\n";
+		delete($parsed_email{'MIME-Version'});
+		delete($parsed_email{'Content-Type'});
+		delete($parsed_email{'Content-Transfer-Encoding'});
+	} elsif (file_has_nonascii($compose_filename)) {
+		my $content_type = (delete($parsed_email{'Content-Type'}) or
+			"text/plain; charset=$compose_encoding");
+		print $c2 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n",
+			"Content-Type: $content_type\n",
+			"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n";
+	}
+	# Preserve unknown headers
+	foreach my $key (keys %parsed_email) {
+		next if $key eq 'body';
+		print $c2 "$key: $parsed_email{$key}";
+	}
+
+	if ($parsed_email{'body'}) {
+		print $c2 "\n$parsed_email{'body'}\n";
+		delete($parsed_email{'body'});
+	} else {
+		print __("Summary email is empty, skipping it\n");
 		$compose = -1;
 	}
+
+	close $c2;
+
 } elsif ($annotate) {
 	do_edit(@files);
 }
@@ -727,7 +808,9 @@ sub ask {
 			return $resp;
 		}
 		if ($confirm_only) {
-			my $yesno = $term->readline("Are you sure you want to use <$resp> [y/N]? ");
+			my $yesno = $term->readline(
+				# TRANSLATORS: please keep [y/N] as is.
+				sprintf(__("Are you sure you want to use <%s> [y/N]? "), $resp));
 			if (defined $yesno && $yesno =~ /y/i) {
 				return $resp;
 			}
@@ -736,6 +819,32 @@ sub ask {
 	return;
 }
 
+sub parse_header_line {
+	my $lines = shift;
+	my $parsed_line = shift;
+	my $addr_pat = join "|", qw(To Cc Bcc);
+
+	foreach (split(/\n/, $lines)) {
+		if (/^($addr_pat):\s*(.+)$/i) {
+		        $parsed_line->{$1} = [ parse_address_line($2) ];
+		} elsif (/^([^:]*):\s*(.+)\s*$/i) {
+		        $parsed_line->{$1} = $2;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+sub filter_body {
+	my $c = shift;
+	my $body = "";
+	while (my $body_line = <$c>) {
+		if ($body_line !~ m/^GIT:/) {
+			$body .= $body_line;
+		}
+	}
+	return $body;
+}
+
+
 my %broken_encoding;
 
 sub file_declares_8bit_cte {
@@ -756,12 +865,12 @@ foreach my $f (@files) {
 }
 
 if (!defined $auto_8bit_encoding && scalar %broken_encoding) {
-	print "The following files are 8bit, but do not declare " .
-		"a Content-Transfer-Encoding.\n";
+	print __("The following files are 8bit, but do not declare " .
+		 "a Content-Transfer-Encoding.\n");
 	foreach my $f (sort keys %broken_encoding) {
 		print "    $f\n";
 	}
-	$auto_8bit_encoding = ask("Which 8bit encoding should I declare [UTF-8]? ",
+	$auto_8bit_encoding = ask(__("Which 8bit encoding should I declare [UTF-8]? "),
 				  valid_re => qr/.{4}/, confirm_only => 1,
 				  default => "UTF-8");
 }
@@ -769,14 +878,17 @@ if (!defined $auto_8bit_encoding && scalar %broken_encoding) {
 if (!$force) {
 	for my $f (@files) {
 		if (get_patch_subject($f) =~ /\Q*** SUBJECT HERE ***\E/) {
-			die "Refusing to send because the patch\n\t$f\n"
+			die sprintf(__("Refusing to send because the patch\n\t%s\n"
 				. "has the template subject '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. "
-				. "Pass --force if you really want to send.\n";
+				. "Pass --force if you really want to send.\n"), $f);
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-if (!defined $sender) {
+if (defined $sender) {
+	$sender =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
+	($sender) = expand_aliases($sender);
+} else {
 	$sender = $repoauthor || $repocommitter || '';
 }
 
@@ -785,9 +897,10 @@ if (!defined $sender) {
 # But it's a no-op to run sanitize_address on an already sanitized address.
 $sender = sanitize_address($sender);
 
+my $to_whom = __("To whom should the emails be sent (if anyone)?");
 my $prompting = 0;
 if (!@initial_to && !defined $to_cmd) {
-	my $to = ask("Who should the emails be sent to (if any)? ",
+	my $to = ask("$to_whom ",
 		     default => "",
 		     valid_re => qr/\@.*\./, confirm_only => 1);
 	push @initial_to, parse_address_line($to) if defined $to; # sanitized/validated later
@@ -802,33 +915,38 @@ my %EXPANDED_ALIASES;
 sub expand_one_alias {
 	my $alias = shift;
 	if ($EXPANDED_ALIASES{$alias}) {
-		die "fatal: alias '$alias' expands to itself\n";
+		die sprintf(__("fatal: alias '%s' expands to itself\n"), $alias);
 	}
 	local $EXPANDED_ALIASES{$alias} = 1;
 	return $aliases{$alias} ? expand_aliases(@{$aliases{$alias}}) : $alias;
 }
 
-@initial_to = expand_aliases(@initial_to);
-@initial_to = validate_address_list(sanitize_address_list(@initial_to));
-@initial_cc = expand_aliases(@initial_cc);
-@initial_cc = validate_address_list(sanitize_address_list(@initial_cc));
-@bcclist = expand_aliases(@bcclist);
-@bcclist = validate_address_list(sanitize_address_list(@bcclist));
+@initial_to = process_address_list(@initial_to);
+@initial_cc = process_address_list(@initial_cc);
+@bcclist = process_address_list(@bcclist);
 
-if ($thread && !defined $initial_reply_to && $prompting) {
-	$initial_reply_to = ask(
-		"Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email (if any)? ",
+if ($thread && !defined $initial_in_reply_to && $prompting) {
+	$initial_in_reply_to = ask(
+		__("Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email (if any)? "),
 		default => "",
 		valid_re => qr/\@.*\./, confirm_only => 1);
 }
-if (defined $initial_reply_to) {
-	$initial_reply_to =~ s/^\s*<?//;
-	$initial_reply_to =~ s/>?\s*$//;
-	$initial_reply_to = "<$initial_reply_to>" if $initial_reply_to ne '';
+if (defined $initial_in_reply_to) {
+	$initial_in_reply_to =~ s/^\s*<?//;
+	$initial_in_reply_to =~ s/>?\s*$//;
+	$initial_in_reply_to = "<$initial_in_reply_to>" if $initial_in_reply_to ne '';
+}
+
+if (defined $reply_to) {
+	$reply_to =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
+	($reply_to) = expand_aliases($reply_to);
+	$reply_to = sanitize_address($reply_to);
 }
 
 if (!defined $smtp_server) {
-	foreach (qw( /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/lib/sendmail )) {
+	my @sendmail_paths = qw( /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/lib/sendmail );
+	push @sendmail_paths, map {"$_/sendmail"} split /:/, $ENV{PATH};
+	foreach (@sendmail_paths) {
 		if (-x $_) {
 			$smtp_server = $_;
 			last;
@@ -842,7 +960,7 @@ if ($compose && $compose > 0) {
 }
 
 # Variables we set as part of the loop over files
-our ($message_id, %mail, $subject, $reply_to, $references, $message,
+our ($message_id, %mail, $subject, $in_reply_to, $references, $message,
 	$needs_confirm, $message_num, $ask_default);
 
 sub extract_valid_address {
@@ -867,7 +985,7 @@ sub extract_valid_address {
 sub extract_valid_address_or_die {
 	my $address = shift;
 	$address = extract_valid_address($address);
-	die "error: unable to extract a valid address from: $address\n"
+	die sprintf(__("error: unable to extract a valid address from: %s\n"), $address)
 		if !$address;
 	return $address;
 }
@@ -875,8 +993,11 @@ sub extract_valid_address_or_die {
 sub validate_address {
 	my $address = shift;
 	while (!extract_valid_address($address)) {
-		print STDERR "error: unable to extract a valid address from: $address\n";
-		$_ = ask("What to do with this address? ([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit): ",
+		printf STDERR __("error: unable to extract a valid address from: %s\n"), $address;
+		# TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [q] [d] [e] in your
+		# translation. The program will only accept English input
+		# at this point.
+		$_ = ask(__("What to do with this address? ([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit): "),
 			valid_re => qr/^(?:quit|q|drop|d|edit|e)/i,
 			default => 'q');
 		if (/^d/i) {
@@ -885,7 +1006,7 @@ sub validate_address {
 			cleanup_compose_files();
 			exit(0);
 		}
-		$address = ask("Who should the email be sent to (if any)? ",
+		$address = ask("$to_whom ",
 			default => "",
 			valid_re => qr/\@.*\./, confirm_only => 1);
 	}
@@ -910,7 +1031,7 @@ my ($message_id_stamp, $message_id_serial);
 sub make_message_id {
 	my $uniq;
 	if (!defined $message_id_stamp) {
-		$message_id_stamp = sprintf("%s-%s", time, $$);
+		$message_id_stamp = strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S.$$", gmtime(time));
 		$message_id_serial = 0;
 	}
 	$message_id_serial++;
@@ -925,7 +1046,7 @@ sub make_message_id {
 		require Sys::Hostname;
 		$du_part = 'user@' . Sys::Hostname::hostname();
 	}
-	my $message_id_template = "<%s-git-send-email-%s>";
+	my $message_id_template = "<%s-%s>";
 	$message_id = sprintf($message_id_template, $uniq, $du_part);
 	#print "new message id = $message_id\n"; # Was useful for debugging
 }
@@ -1006,15 +1127,17 @@ sub sanitize_address {
 		return $recipient;
 	}
 
+	# remove non-escaped quotes
+	$recipient_name =~ s/(^|[^\\])"/$1/g;
+
 	# rfc2047 is needed if a non-ascii char is included
 	if ($recipient_name =~ /[^[:ascii:]]/) {
-		$recipient_name =~ s/^"(.*)"$/$1/;
 		$recipient_name = quote_rfc2047($recipient_name);
 	}
 
 	# double quotes are needed if specials or CTLs are included
 	elsif ($recipient_name =~ /[][()<>@,;:\\".\000-\037\177]/) {
-		$recipient_name =~ s/(["\\\r])/\\$1/g;
+		$recipient_name =~ s/([\\\r])/\\$1/g;
 		$recipient_name = qq["$recipient_name"];
 	}
 
@@ -1022,10 +1145,38 @@ sub sanitize_address {
 
 }
 
+sub strip_garbage_one_address {
+	my ($addr) = @_;
+	chomp $addr;
+	if ($addr =~ /^(("[^"]*"|[^"<]*)? *<[^>]*>).*/) {
+		# "Foo Bar" <foobar@example.com> [possibly garbage here]
+		# Foo Bar <foobar@example.com> [possibly garbage here]
+		return $1;
+	}
+	if ($addr =~ /^(<[^>]*>).*/) {
+		# <foo@example.com> [possibly garbage here]
+		# if garbage contains other addresses, they are ignored.
+		return $1;
+	}
+	if ($addr =~ /^([^"#,\s]*)/) {
+		# address without quoting: remove anything after the address
+		return $1;
+	}
+	return $addr;
+}
+
 sub sanitize_address_list {
 	return (map { sanitize_address($_) } @_);
 }
 
+sub process_address_list {
+	my @addr_list = map { parse_address_line($_) } @_;
+	@addr_list = expand_aliases(@addr_list);
+	@addr_list = sanitize_address_list(@addr_list);
+	@addr_list = validate_address_list(@addr_list);
+	return @addr_list;
+}
+
 # Returns the local Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) if available.
 #
 # Tightly configured MTAa require that a caller sends a real DNS
@@ -1050,10 +1201,8 @@ sub valid_fqdn {
 sub maildomain_net {
 	my $maildomain;
 
-	if (eval { require Net::Domain; 1 }) {
-		my $domain = Net::Domain::domainname();
-		$maildomain = $domain if valid_fqdn($domain);
-	}
+	my $domain = Net::Domain::domainname();
+	$maildomain = $domain if valid_fqdn($domain);
 
 	return $maildomain;
 }
@@ -1061,17 +1210,15 @@ sub maildomain_net {
 sub maildomain_mta {
 	my $maildomain;
 
-	if (eval { require Net::SMTP; 1 }) {
-		for my $host (qw(mailhost localhost)) {
-			my $smtp = Net::SMTP->new($host);
-			if (defined $smtp) {
-				my $domain = $smtp->domain;
-				$smtp->quit;
+	for my $host (qw(mailhost localhost)) {
+		my $smtp = Net::SMTP->new($host);
+		if (defined $smtp) {
+			my $domain = $smtp->domain;
+			$smtp->quit;
 
-				$maildomain = $domain if valid_fqdn($domain);
+			$maildomain = $domain if valid_fqdn($domain);
 
-				last if $maildomain;
-			}
+			last if $maildomain;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1105,6 +1252,12 @@ sub smtp_auth_maybe {
 		Authen::SASL->import(qw(Perl));
 	};
 
+	# Check mechanism naming as defined in:
+	# https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4422#page-8
+	if ($smtp_auth && $smtp_auth !~ /^(\b[A-Z0-9-_]{1,20}\s*)*$/) {
+		die "invalid smtp auth: '${smtp_auth}'";
+	}
+
 	# TODO: Authentication may fail not because credentials were
 	# invalid but due to other reasons, in which we should not
 	# reject credentials.
@@ -1117,6 +1270,20 @@ sub smtp_auth_maybe {
 		'password' => $smtp_authpass
 	}, sub {
 		my $cred = shift;
+
+		if ($smtp_auth) {
+			my $sasl = Authen::SASL->new(
+				mechanism => $smtp_auth,
+				callback => {
+					user => $cred->{'username'},
+					pass => $cred->{'password'},
+					authname => $cred->{'username'},
+				}
+			);
+
+			return !!$smtp->auth($sasl);
+		}
+
 		return !!$smtp->auth($cred->{'username'}, $cred->{'password'});
 	});
 
@@ -1147,8 +1314,7 @@ sub ssl_verify_params {
 		return (SSL_verify_mode => SSL_VERIFY_PEER(),
 			SSL_ca_file => $smtp_ssl_cert_path);
 	} else {
-		print STDERR "Not using SSL_VERIFY_PEER because the CA path does not exist.\n";
-		return (SSL_verify_mode => SSL_VERIFY_NONE());
+		die sprintf(__("CA path \"%s\" does not exist"), $smtp_ssl_cert_path);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1164,9 +1330,14 @@ sub file_name_is_absolute {
 	return File::Spec::Functions::file_name_is_absolute($path);
 }
 
-# Returns 1 if the message was sent, and 0 otherwise.
-# In actuality, the whole program dies when there
-# is an error sending a message.
+# Prepares the email, then asks the user what to do.
+#
+# If the user chooses to send the email, it's sent and 1 is returned.
+# If the user chooses not to send the email, 0 is returned.
+# If the user decides they want to make further edits, -1 is returned and the
+# caller is expected to call send_message again after the edits are performed.
+#
+# If an error occurs sending the email, this just dies.
 
 sub send_message {
 	my @recipients = unique_email_list(@to);
@@ -1199,11 +1370,14 @@ Message-Id: $message_id
 	if ($use_xmailer) {
 		$header .= "X-Mailer: git-send-email $gitversion\n";
 	}
-	if ($reply_to) {
+	if ($in_reply_to) {
 
-		$header .= "In-Reply-To: $reply_to\n";
+		$header .= "In-Reply-To: $in_reply_to\n";
 		$header .= "References: $references\n";
 	}
+	if ($reply_to) {
+		$header .= "Reply-To: $reply_to\n";
+	}
 	if (@xh) {
 		$header .= join("\n", @xh) . "\n";
 	}
@@ -1222,22 +1396,30 @@ Message-Id: $message_id
 		if ($needs_confirm eq "inform") {
 			$confirm_unconfigured = 0; # squelch this message for the rest of this run
 			$ask_default = "y"; # assume yes on EOF since user hasn't explicitly asked for confirmation
-			print "    The Cc list above has been expanded by additional\n";
-			print "    addresses found in the patch commit message. By default\n";
-			print "    send-email prompts before sending whenever this occurs.\n";
-			print "    This behavior is controlled by the sendemail.confirm\n";
-			print "    configuration setting.\n";
-			print "\n";
-			print "    For additional information, run 'git send-email --help'.\n";
-			print "    To retain the current behavior, but squelch this message,\n";
-			print "    run 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n\n";
+			print __ <<EOF ;
+    The Cc list above has been expanded by additional
+    addresses found in the patch commit message. By default
+    send-email prompts before sending whenever this occurs.
+    This behavior is controlled by the sendemail.confirm
+    configuration setting.
+
+    For additional information, run 'git send-email --help'.
+    To retain the current behavior, but squelch this message,
+    run 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.
+
+EOF
 		}
-		$_ = ask("Send this email? ([y]es|[n]o|[q]uit|[a]ll): ",
-		         valid_re => qr/^(?:yes|y|no|n|quit|q|all|a)/i,
+		# TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y] [n] [e] [q] [a] in your
+		# translation. The program will only accept English input
+		# at this point.
+		$_ = ask(__("Send this email? ([y]es|[n]o|[e]dit|[q]uit|[a]ll): "),
+		         valid_re => qr/^(?:yes|y|no|n|edit|e|quit|q|all|a)/i,
 		         default => $ask_default);
-		die "Send this email reply required" unless defined $_;
+		die __("Send this email reply required") unless defined $_;
 		if (/^n/i) {
 			return 0;
+		} elsif (/^e/i) {
+			return -1;
 		} elsif (/^q/i) {
 			cleanup_compose_files();
 			exit(0);
@@ -1261,51 +1443,73 @@ Message-Id: $message_id
 	} else {
 
 		if (!defined $smtp_server) {
-			die "The required SMTP server is not properly defined."
+			die __("The required SMTP server is not properly defined.")
 		}
 
+		require Net::SMTP;
+		my $use_net_smtp_ssl = version->parse($Net::SMTP::VERSION) < version->parse("2.34");
+		$smtp_domain ||= maildomain();
+
 		if ($smtp_encryption eq 'ssl') {
 			$smtp_server_port ||= 465; # ssmtp
-			require Net::SMTP::SSL;
-			$smtp_domain ||= maildomain();
 			require IO::Socket::SSL;
+
+			# Suppress "variable accessed once" warning.
+			{
+				no warnings 'once';
+				$IO::Socket::SSL::DEBUG = 1;
+			}
+
 			# Net::SMTP::SSL->new() does not forward any SSL options
 			IO::Socket::SSL::set_client_defaults(
 				ssl_verify_params());
-			$smtp ||= Net::SMTP::SSL->new($smtp_server,
-						      Hello => $smtp_domain,
-						      Port => $smtp_server_port,
-						      Debug => $debug_net_smtp);
+
+			if ($use_net_smtp_ssl) {
+				require Net::SMTP::SSL;
+				$smtp ||= Net::SMTP::SSL->new($smtp_server,
+							      Hello => $smtp_domain,
+							      Port => $smtp_server_port,
+							      Debug => $debug_net_smtp);
+			}
+			else {
+				$smtp ||= Net::SMTP->new($smtp_server,
+							 Hello => $smtp_domain,
+							 Port => $smtp_server_port,
+							 Debug => $debug_net_smtp,
+							 SSL => 1);
+			}
 		}
-		else {
-			require Net::SMTP;
-			$smtp_domain ||= maildomain();
+		elsif (!$smtp) {
 			$smtp_server_port ||= 25;
 			$smtp ||= Net::SMTP->new($smtp_server,
 						 Hello => $smtp_domain,
 						 Debug => $debug_net_smtp,
 						 Port => $smtp_server_port);
 			if ($smtp_encryption eq 'tls' && $smtp) {
-				require Net::SMTP::SSL;
-				$smtp->command('STARTTLS');
-				$smtp->response();
-				if ($smtp->code == 220) {
+				if ($use_net_smtp_ssl) {
+					$smtp->command('STARTTLS');
+					$smtp->response();
+					if ($smtp->code != 220) {
+						die sprintf(__("Server does not support STARTTLS! %s"), $smtp->message);
+					}
+					require Net::SMTP::SSL;
 					$smtp = Net::SMTP::SSL->start_SSL($smtp,
 									  ssl_verify_params())
-						or die "STARTTLS failed! ".IO::Socket::SSL::errstr();
-					$smtp_encryption = '';
-					# Send EHLO again to receive fresh
-					# supported commands
-					$smtp->hello($smtp_domain);
-				} else {
-					die "Server does not support STARTTLS! ".$smtp->message;
+						or die sprintf(__("STARTTLS failed! %s"), IO::Socket::SSL::errstr());
+				}
+				else {
+					$smtp->starttls(ssl_verify_params())
+						or die sprintf(__("STARTTLS failed! %s"), IO::Socket::SSL::errstr());
 				}
+				# Send EHLO again to receive fresh
+				# supported commands
+				$smtp->hello($smtp_domain);
 			}
 		}
 
 		if (!$smtp) {
-			die "Unable to initialize SMTP properly. Check config and use --smtp-debug. ",
-			    "VALUES: server=$smtp_server ",
+			die __("Unable to initialize SMTP properly. Check config and use --smtp-debug."),
+			    " VALUES: server=$smtp_server ",
 			    "encryption=$smtp_encryption ",
 			    "hello=$smtp_domain",
 			    defined $smtp_server_port ? " port=$smtp_server_port" : "";
@@ -1316,14 +1520,18 @@ Message-Id: $message_id
 		$smtp->mail( $raw_from ) or die $smtp->message;
 		$smtp->to( @recipients ) or die $smtp->message;
 		$smtp->data or die $smtp->message;
-		$smtp->datasend("$header\n$message") or die $smtp->message;
+		$smtp->datasend("$header\n") or die $smtp->message;
+		my @lines = split /^/, $message;
+		foreach my $line (@lines) {
+			$smtp->datasend("$line") or die $smtp->message;
+		}
 		$smtp->dataend() or die $smtp->message;
-		$smtp->code =~ /250|200/ or die "Failed to send $subject\n".$smtp->message;
+		$smtp->code =~ /250|200/ or die sprintf(__("Failed to send %s\n"), $subject).$smtp->message;
 	}
 	if ($quiet) {
-		printf (($dry_run ? "Dry-" : "")."Sent %s\n", $subject);
+		printf($dry_run ? __("Dry-Sent %s\n") : __("Sent %s\n"), $subject);
 	} else {
-		print (($dry_run ? "Dry-" : "")."OK. Log says:\n");
+		print($dry_run ? __("Dry-OK. Log says:\n") : __("OK. Log says:\n"));
 		if (!file_name_is_absolute($smtp_server)) {
 			print "Server: $smtp_server\n";
 			print "MAIL FROM:<$raw_from>\n";
@@ -1335,23 +1543,28 @@ Message-Id: $message_id
 		}
 		print $header, "\n";
 		if ($smtp) {
-			print "Result: ", $smtp->code, ' ',
+			print __("Result: "), $smtp->code, ' ',
 				($smtp->message =~ /\n([^\n]+\n)$/s), "\n";
 		} else {
-			print "Result: OK\n";
+			print __("Result: OK\n");
 		}
 	}
 
 	return 1;
 }
 
-$reply_to = $initial_reply_to;
-$references = $initial_reply_to || '';
+$in_reply_to = $initial_in_reply_to;
+$references = $initial_in_reply_to || '';
 $subject = $initial_subject;
 $message_num = 0;
 
-foreach my $t (@files) {
-	open my $fh, "<", $t or die "can't open file $t";
+# Prepares the email, prompts the user, sends it out
+# Returns 0 if an edit was done and the function should be called again, or 1
+# otherwise.
+sub process_file {
+	my ($t) = @_;
+
+	open my $fh, "<", $t or die sprintf(__("can't open file %s"), $t);
 
 	my $author = undef;
 	my $sauthor = undef;
@@ -1398,13 +1611,13 @@ foreach my $t (@files) {
 				$sauthor = sanitize_address($author);
 				next if $suppress_cc{'author'};
 				next if $suppress_cc{'self'} and $sauthor eq $sender;
-				printf("(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
+				printf(__("(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"),
 					$1, $_) unless $quiet;
 				push @cc, $1;
 			}
 			elsif (/^To:\s+(.*)$/i) {
 				foreach my $addr (parse_address_line($1)) {
-					printf("(mbox) Adding to: %s from line '%s'\n",
+					printf(__("(mbox) Adding to: %s from line '%s'\n"),
 						$addr, $_) unless $quiet;
 					push @to, $addr;
 				}
@@ -1418,7 +1631,7 @@ foreach my $t (@files) {
 					} else {
 						next if ($suppress_cc{'cc'});
 					}
-					printf("(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
+					printf(__("(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"),
 						$addr, $_) unless $quiet;
 					push @cc, $addr;
 				}
@@ -1440,10 +1653,15 @@ foreach my $t (@files) {
 			elsif (/^Content-Transfer-Encoding: (.*)/i) {
 				$xfer_encoding = $1 if not defined $xfer_encoding;
 			}
+			elsif (/^In-Reply-To: (.*)/i) {
+				$in_reply_to = $1;
+			}
+			elsif (/^References: (.*)/i) {
+				$references = $1;
+			}
 			elsif (!/^Date:\s/i && /^[-A-Za-z]+:\s+\S/) {
 				push @xh, $_;
 			}
-
 		} else {
 			# In the traditional
 			# "send lots of email" format,
@@ -1452,7 +1670,7 @@ foreach my $t (@files) {
 			# So let's support that, too.
 			$input_format = 'lots';
 			if (@cc == 0 && !$suppress_cc{'cc'}) {
-				printf("(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
+				printf(__("(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"),
 					$_, $_) unless $quiet;
 				push @cc, $_;
 			} elsif (!defined $subject) {
@@ -1463,10 +1681,12 @@ foreach my $t (@files) {
 	# Now parse the message body
 	while(<$fh>) {
 		$message .=  $_;
-		if (/^(Signed-off-by|Cc): (.*)$/i) {
+		if (/^(Signed-off-by|Cc): (.*)/i) {
 			chomp;
 			my ($what, $c) = ($1, $2);
-			chomp $c;
+			# strip garbage for the address we'll use:
+			$c = strip_garbage_one_address($c);
+			# sanitize a bit more to decide whether to suppress the address:
 			my $sc = sanitize_address($c);
 			if ($sc eq $sender) {
 				next if ($suppress_cc{'self'});
@@ -1475,7 +1695,7 @@ foreach my $t (@files) {
 				next if $suppress_cc{'bodycc'} and $what =~ /Cc/i;
 			}
 			push @cc, $c;
-			printf("(body) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
+			printf(__("(body) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"),
 				$c, $_) unless $quiet;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1516,18 +1736,11 @@ foreach my $t (@files) {
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	if (defined $target_xfer_encoding) {
-		$xfer_encoding = '8bit' if not defined $xfer_encoding;
-		$message = apply_transfer_encoding(
-			$message, $xfer_encoding, $target_xfer_encoding);
-		$xfer_encoding = $target_xfer_encoding;
-	}
-	if (defined $xfer_encoding) {
-		push @xh, "Content-Transfer-Encoding: $xfer_encoding";
-	}
-	if (defined $xfer_encoding or $has_content_type) {
-		unshift @xh, 'MIME-Version: 1.0' unless $has_mime_version;
-	}
+	$xfer_encoding = '8bit' if not defined $xfer_encoding;
+	($message, $xfer_encoding) = apply_transfer_encoding(
+		$message, $xfer_encoding, $target_xfer_encoding);
+	push @xh, "Content-Transfer-Encoding: $xfer_encoding";
+	unshift @xh, 'MIME-Version: 1.0' unless $has_mime_version;
 
 	$needs_confirm = (
 		$confirm eq "always" or
@@ -1535,8 +1748,8 @@ foreach my $t (@files) {
 		($confirm =~ /^(?:auto|compose)$/ && $compose && $message_num == 1));
 	$needs_confirm = "inform" if ($needs_confirm && $confirm_unconfigured && @cc);
 
-	@to = validate_address_list(sanitize_address_list(@to));
-	@cc = validate_address_list(sanitize_address_list(@cc));
+	@to = process_address_list(@to);
+	@cc = process_address_list(@cc);
 
 	@to = (@initial_to, @to);
 	@cc = (@initial_cc, @cc);
@@ -1551,12 +1764,16 @@ foreach my $t (@files) {
 	}
 
 	my $message_was_sent = send_message();
+	if ($message_was_sent == -1) {
+		do_edit($t);
+		return 0;
+	}
 
 	# set up for the next message
 	if ($thread && $message_was_sent &&
-		($chain_reply_to || !defined $reply_to || length($reply_to) == 0 ||
+		($chain_reply_to || !defined $in_reply_to || length($in_reply_to) == 0 ||
 		$message_num == 1)) {
-		$reply_to = $message_id;
+		$in_reply_to = $message_id;
 		if (length $references > 0) {
 			$references .= "\n $message_id";
 		} else {
@@ -1564,6 +1781,22 @@ foreach my $t (@files) {
 		}
 	}
 	$message_id = undef;
+	$num_sent++;
+	if (defined $batch_size && $num_sent == $batch_size) {
+		$num_sent = 0;
+		$smtp->quit if defined $smtp;
+		undef $smtp;
+		undef $auth;
+		sleep($relogin_delay) if defined $relogin_delay;
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+foreach my $t (@files) {
+	while (!process_file($t)) {
+		# user edited the file
+	}
 }
 
 # Execute a command (e.g. $to_cmd) to get a list of email addresses
@@ -1573,18 +1806,18 @@ sub recipients_cmd {
 
 	my @addresses = ();
 	open my $fh, "-|", "$cmd \Q$file\E"
-	    or die "($prefix) Could not execute '$cmd'";
+	    or die sprintf(__("(%s) Could not execute '%s'"), $prefix, $cmd);
 	while (my $address = <$fh>) {
 		$address =~ s/^\s*//g;
 		$address =~ s/\s*$//g;
 		$address = sanitize_address($address);
 		next if ($address eq $sender and $suppress_cc{'self'});
 		push @addresses, $address;
-		printf("($prefix) Adding %s: %s from: '%s'\n",
-		       $what, $address, $cmd) unless $quiet;
+		printf(__("(%s) Adding %s: %s from: '%s'\n"),
+		       $prefix, $what, $address, $cmd) unless $quiet;
 		}
 	close $fh
-	    or die "($prefix) failed to close pipe to '$cmd'";
+	    or die sprintf(__("(%s) failed to close pipe to '%s'"), $prefix, $cmd);
 	return @addresses;
 }
 
@@ -1611,15 +1844,18 @@ sub apply_transfer_encoding {
 	$message = MIME::Base64::decode($message)
 		if ($from eq 'base64');
 
-	die "cannot send message as 7bit"
+	$to = ($message =~ /.{999,}/) ? 'quoted-printable' : '8bit'
+		if $to eq 'auto';
+
+	die __("cannot send message as 7bit")
 		if ($to eq '7bit' and $message =~ /[^[:ascii:]]/);
-	return $message
+	return ($message, $to)
 		if ($to eq '7bit' or $to eq '8bit');
-	return MIME::QuotedPrint::encode($message, "\n", 0)
+	return (MIME::QuotedPrint::encode($message, "\n", 0), $to)
 		if ($to eq 'quoted-printable');
-	return MIME::Base64::encode($message, "\n")
+	return (MIME::Base64::encode($message, "\n"), $to)
 		if ($to eq 'base64');
-	die "invalid transfer encoding";
+	die __("invalid transfer encoding");
 }
 
 sub unique_email_list {
@@ -1636,21 +1872,83 @@ sub unique_email_list {
 }
 
 sub validate_patch {
-	my $fn = shift;
-	open(my $fh, '<', $fn)
-		or die "unable to open $fn: $!\n";
-	while (my $line = <$fh>) {
-		if (length($line) > 998) {
-			return "$.: patch contains a line longer than 998 characters";
+	my ($fn, $xfer_encoding) = @_;
+
+	if ($repo) {
+		my $validate_hook = catfile(catdir($repo->repo_path(), 'hooks'),
+					    'sendemail-validate');
+		my $hook_error;
+		if (-x $validate_hook) {
+			my $target = abs_path($fn);
+			# The hook needs a correct cwd and GIT_DIR.
+			my $cwd_save = cwd();
+			chdir($repo->wc_path() or $repo->repo_path())
+				or die("chdir: $!");
+			local $ENV{"GIT_DIR"} = $repo->repo_path();
+			$hook_error = "rejected by sendemail-validate hook"
+				if system($validate_hook, $target);
+			chdir($cwd_save) or die("chdir: $!");
+		}
+		return $hook_error if $hook_error;
+	}
+
+	# Any long lines will be automatically fixed if we use a suitable transfer
+	# encoding.
+	unless ($xfer_encoding =~ /^(?:auto|quoted-printable|base64)$/) {
+		open(my $fh, '<', $fn)
+			or die sprintf(__("unable to open %s: %s\n"), $fn, $!);
+		while (my $line = <$fh>) {
+			if (length($line) > 998) {
+				return sprintf(__("%s: patch contains a line longer than 998 characters"), $.);
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	return;
 }
 
+sub handle_backup {
+	my ($last, $lastlen, $file, $known_suffix) = @_;
+	my ($suffix, $skip);
+
+	$skip = 0;
+	if (defined $last &&
+	    ($lastlen < length($file)) &&
+	    (substr($file, 0, $lastlen) eq $last) &&
+	    ($suffix = substr($file, $lastlen)) !~ /^[a-z0-9]/i) {
+		if (defined $known_suffix && $suffix eq $known_suffix) {
+			printf(__("Skipping %s with backup suffix '%s'.\n"), $file, $known_suffix);
+			$skip = 1;
+		} else {
+			# TRANSLATORS: please keep "[y|N]" as is.
+			my $answer = ask(sprintf(__("Do you really want to send %s? [y|N]: "), $file),
+					 valid_re => qr/^(?:y|n)/i,
+					 default => 'n');
+			$skip = ($answer ne 'y');
+			if ($skip) {
+				$known_suffix = $suffix;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return ($skip, $known_suffix);
+}
+
+sub handle_backup_files {
+	my @file = @_;
+	my ($last, $lastlen, $known_suffix, $skip, @result);
+	for my $file (@file) {
+		($skip, $known_suffix) = handle_backup($last, $lastlen,
+						       $file, $known_suffix);
+		push @result, $file unless $skip;
+		$last = $file;
+		$lastlen = length($file);
+	}
+	return @result;
+}
+
 sub file_has_nonascii {
 	my $fn = shift;
 	open(my $fh, '<', $fn)
-		or die "unable to open $fn: $!\n";
+		or die sprintf(__("unable to open %s: %s\n"), $fn, $!);
 	while (my $line = <$fh>) {
 		return 1 if $line =~ /[^[:ascii:]]/;
 	}
@@ -1660,7 +1958,7 @@ sub file_has_nonascii {
 sub body_or_subject_has_nonascii {
 	my $fn = shift;
 	open(my $fh, '<', $fn)
-		or die "unable to open $fn: $!\n";
+		or die sprintf(__("unable to open %s: %s\n"), $fn, $!);
 	while (my $line = <$fh>) {
 		last if $line =~ /^$/;
 		return 1 if $line =~ /^Subject.*[^[:ascii:]]/;
diff --git a/git-sh-i18n.sh b/git-sh-i18n.sh
index e6c3116e18..9d065fb4bf 100644
--- a/git-sh-i18n.sh
+++ b/git-sh-i18n.sh
@@ -17,15 +17,15 @@ export TEXTDOMAINDIR
 
 # First decide what scheme to use...
 GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME=fallthrough
-if test -n "@@USE_GETTEXT_SCHEME@@"
+if test -n "$GIT_GETTEXT_POISON"
+then
+	GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME=poison
+elif test -n "@@USE_GETTEXT_SCHEME@@"
 then
 	GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME="@@USE_GETTEXT_SCHEME@@"
 elif test -n "$GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_TEST_FALLBACKS"
 then
 	: no probing necessary
-elif test -n "$GIT_GETTEXT_POISON"
-then
-	GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME=poison
 elif type gettext.sh >/dev/null 2>&1
 then
 	# GNU libintl's gettext.sh
@@ -53,6 +53,13 @@ gettext_without_eval_gettext)
 			git sh-i18n--envsubst "$1"
 		)
 	}
+
+	eval_ngettext () {
+		ngettext "$1" "$2" "$3" | (
+			export PATH $(git sh-i18n--envsubst --variables "$2");
+			git sh-i18n--envsubst "$2"
+		)
+	}
 	;;
 poison)
 	# Emit garbage so that tests that incorrectly rely on translatable
@@ -64,6 +71,10 @@ poison)
 	eval_gettext () {
 		printf "%s" "# GETTEXT POISON #"
 	}
+
+	eval_ngettext () {
+		printf "%s" "# GETTEXT POISON #"
+	}
 	;;
 *)
 	gettext () {
@@ -76,6 +87,13 @@ poison)
 			git sh-i18n--envsubst "$1"
 		)
 	}
+
+	eval_ngettext () {
+		(test "$3" = 1 && printf "%s" "$1" || printf "%s" "$2") | (
+			export PATH $(git sh-i18n--envsubst --variables "$2");
+			git sh-i18n--envsubst "$2"
+		)
+	}
 	;;
 esac
 
diff --git a/git-sh-setup.sh b/git-sh-setup.sh
index c42c6e6365..378928518b 100644
--- a/git-sh-setup.sh
+++ b/git-sh-setup.sh
@@ -43,6 +43,9 @@ git_broken_path_fix () {
 
 # @@BROKEN_PATH_FIX@@
 
+# Source git-sh-i18n for gettext support.
+. "$(git --exec-path)/git-sh-i18n"
+
 die () {
 	die_with_status 1 "$@"
 }
@@ -83,16 +86,16 @@ if test -n "$OPTIONS_SPEC"; then
 else
 	dashless=$(basename -- "$0" | sed -e 's/-/ /')
 	usage() {
-		die "usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+		die "$(eval_gettext "usage: \$dashless \$USAGE")"
 	}
 
 	if [ -z "$LONG_USAGE" ]
 	then
-		LONG_USAGE="usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+		LONG_USAGE="$(eval_gettext "usage: \$dashless \$USAGE")"
 	else
-		LONG_USAGE="usage: $dashless $USAGE
+		LONG_USAGE="$(eval_gettext "usage: \$dashless \$USAGE
 
-$LONG_USAGE"
+$LONG_USAGE")"
 	fi
 
 	case "$1" in
@@ -160,19 +163,21 @@ git_pager() {
 	else
 		GIT_PAGER=cat
 	fi
-	: ${LESS=-FRX}
-	: ${LV=-c}
-	export LESS LV
+	for vardef in @@PAGER_ENV@@
+	do
+		var=${vardef%%=*}
+		eval ": \"\${$vardef}\" && export $var"
+	done
 
 	eval "$GIT_PAGER" '"$@"'
 }
 
 sane_grep () {
-	GREP_OPTIONS= LC_ALL=C grep "$@"
+	GREP_OPTIONS= LC_ALL=C grep @@SANE_TEXT_GREP@@ "$@"
 }
 
 sane_egrep () {
-	GREP_OPTIONS= LC_ALL=C egrep "$@"
+	GREP_OPTIONS= LC_ALL=C egrep @@SANE_TEXT_GREP@@ "$@"
 }
 
 is_bare_repository () {
@@ -182,7 +187,7 @@ is_bare_repository () {
 cd_to_toplevel () {
 	cdup=$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel) &&
 	cd "$cdup" || {
-		echo >&2 "Cannot chdir to $cdup, the toplevel of the working tree"
+		gettextln "Cannot chdir to \$cdup, the toplevel of the working tree" >&2
 		exit 1
 	}
 }
@@ -190,13 +195,16 @@ cd_to_toplevel () {
 require_work_tree_exists () {
 	if test "z$(git rev-parse --is-bare-repository)" != zfalse
 	then
-		die "fatal: $0 cannot be used without a working tree."
+		program_name=$0
+		die "$(eval_gettext "fatal: \$program_name cannot be used without a working tree.")"
 	fi
 }
 
 require_work_tree () {
-	test "$(git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2>/dev/null)" = true ||
-	die "fatal: $0 cannot be used without a working tree."
+	test "$(git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2>/dev/null)" = true || {
+		program_name=$0
+		die "$(eval_gettext "fatal: \$program_name cannot be used without a working tree.")"
+	}
 }
 
 require_clean_work_tree () {
@@ -206,24 +214,49 @@ require_clean_work_tree () {
 
 	if ! git diff-files --quiet --ignore-submodules
 	then
-		echo >&2 "Cannot $1: You have unstaged changes."
+		action=$1
+		case "$action" in
+		rebase)
+			gettextln "Cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes." >&2
+			;;
+		"rewrite branches")
+			gettextln "Cannot rewrite branches: You have unstaged changes." >&2
+			;;
+		"pull with rebase")
+			gettextln "Cannot pull with rebase: You have unstaged changes." >&2
+			;;
+		*)
+			eval_gettextln "Cannot \$action: You have unstaged changes." >&2
+			;;
+		esac
 		err=1
 	fi
 
 	if ! git diff-index --cached --quiet --ignore-submodules HEAD --
 	then
-		if [ $err = 0 ]
+		if test $err = 0
 		then
-		    echo >&2 "Cannot $1: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+			action=$1
+			case "$action" in
+			rebase)
+				gettextln "Cannot rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes." >&2
+				;;
+			"pull with rebase")
+				gettextln "Cannot pull with rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes." >&2
+				;;
+			*)
+				eval_gettextln "Cannot \$action: Your index contains uncommitted changes." >&2
+				;;
+			esac
 		else
-		    echo >&2 "Additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+		    gettextln "Additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes." >&2
 		fi
 		err=1
 	fi
 
-	if [ $err = 1 ]
+	if test $err = 1
 	then
-		test -n "$2" && echo >&2 "$2"
+		test -n "$2" && echo "$2" >&2
 		exit 1
 	fi
 }
@@ -336,15 +369,15 @@ git_dir_init () {
 	then
 		test -z "$(git rev-parse --show-cdup)" || {
 			exit=$?
-			echo >&2 "You need to run this command from the toplevel of the working tree."
+			gettextln "You need to run this command from the toplevel of the working tree." >&2
 			exit $exit
 		}
 	fi
 	test -n "$GIT_DIR" && GIT_DIR=$(cd "$GIT_DIR" && pwd) || {
-		echo >&2 "Unable to determine absolute path of git directory"
+		gettextln "Unable to determine absolute path of git directory" >&2
 		exit 1
 	}
-	: ${GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY="$GIT_DIR/objects"}
+	: "${GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY="$(git rev-parse --git-path objects)"}"
 }
 
 if test -z "$NONGIT_OK"
diff --git a/git-stash.sh b/git-stash.sh
index d4cf818be9..94793c1a91 100755
--- a/git-stash.sh
+++ b/git-stash.sh
@@ -7,20 +7,23 @@ USAGE="list [<options>]
    or: $dashless drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
    or: $dashless ( pop | apply ) [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
    or: $dashless branch <branchname> [<stash>]
-   or: $dashless [save [--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet]
-		       [-u|--include-untracked] [-a|--all] [<message>]]
+   or: $dashless save [--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet]
+		      [-u|--include-untracked] [-a|--all] [<message>]
+   or: $dashless [push [--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet]
+		       [-u|--include-untracked] [-a|--all] [-m <message>]
+		       [-- <pathspec>...]]
    or: $dashless clear"
 
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
 OPTIONS_SPEC=
 START_DIR=$(pwd)
 . git-sh-setup
-. git-sh-i18n
 require_work_tree
+prefix=$(git rev-parse --show-prefix) || exit 1
 cd_to_toplevel
 
 TMP="$GIT_DIR/.git-stash.$$"
-TMPindex=${GIT_INDEX_FILE-"$GIT_DIR/index"}.stash.$$
+TMPindex=${GIT_INDEX_FILE-"$(git rev-parse --git-path index)"}.stash.$$
 trap 'rm -f "$TMP-"* "$TMPindex"' 0
 
 ref_stash=refs/stash
@@ -34,15 +37,22 @@ else
 fi
 
 no_changes () {
-	git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD --ignore-submodules -- &&
-	git diff-files --quiet --ignore-submodules &&
-	(test -z "$untracked" || test -z "$(untracked_files)")
+	git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD --ignore-submodules -- "$@" &&
+	git diff-files --quiet --ignore-submodules -- "$@" &&
+	(test -z "$untracked" || test -z "$(untracked_files "$@")")
 }
 
 untracked_files () {
+	if test "$1" = "-z"
+	then
+		shift
+		z=-z
+	else
+		z=
+	fi
 	excl_opt=--exclude-standard
 	test "$untracked" = "all" && excl_opt=
-	git ls-files -o -z $excl_opt
+	git ls-files -o $z $excl_opt -- "$@"
 }
 
 clear_stash () {
@@ -57,11 +67,35 @@ clear_stash () {
 }
 
 create_stash () {
-	stash_msg="$1"
-	untracked="$2"
+	stash_msg=
+	untracked=
+	while test $# != 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		-m|--message)
+			shift
+			stash_msg=${1?"BUG: create_stash () -m requires an argument"}
+			;;
+		-m*)
+			stash_msg=${1#-m}
+			;;
+		--message=*)
+			stash_msg=${1#--message=}
+			;;
+		-u|--include-untracked)
+			shift
+			untracked=${1?"BUG: create_stash () -u requires an argument"}
+			;;
+		--)
+			shift
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
 
 	git update-index -q --refresh
-	if no_changes
+	if no_changes "$@"
 	then
 		exit 0
 	fi
@@ -93,7 +127,7 @@ create_stash () {
 		# Untracked files are stored by themselves in a parentless commit, for
 		# ease of unpacking later.
 		u_commit=$(
-			untracked_files | (
+			untracked_files -z "$@" | (
 				GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMPindex" &&
 				export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
 				rm -f "$TMPindex" &&
@@ -101,7 +135,7 @@ create_stash () {
 				u_tree=$(git write-tree) &&
 				printf 'untracked files on %s\n' "$msg" | git commit-tree $u_tree  &&
 				rm -f "$TMPindex"
-		) ) || die "Cannot save the untracked files"
+		) ) || die "$(gettext "Cannot save the untracked files")"
 
 		untracked_commit_option="-p $u_commit";
 	else
@@ -116,7 +150,7 @@ create_stash () {
 			git read-tree --index-output="$TMPindex" -m $i_tree &&
 			GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMPindex" &&
 			export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
-			git diff --name-only -z HEAD -- >"$TMP-stagenames" &&
+			git diff-index --name-only -z HEAD -- "$@" >"$TMP-stagenames" &&
 			git update-index -z --add --remove --stdin <"$TMP-stagenames" &&
 			git write-tree &&
 			rm -f "$TMPindex"
@@ -130,7 +164,7 @@ create_stash () {
 
 		# find out what the user wants
 		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMP-index" \
-			git add--interactive --patch=stash -- &&
+			git add--interactive --patch=stash -- "$@" &&
 
 		# state of the working tree
 		w_tree=$(GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMP-index" git write-tree) ||
@@ -165,6 +199,12 @@ store_stash () {
 			shift
 			stash_msg="$1"
 			;;
+		-m*)
+			stash_msg=${1#-m}
+			;;
+		--message=*)
+			stash_msg=${1#--message=}
+			;;
 		-q|--quiet)
 			quiet=t
 			;;
@@ -183,19 +223,18 @@ store_stash () {
 		stash_msg="Created via \"git stash store\"."
 	fi
 
-	# Make sure the reflog for stash is kept.
-	: >>"$GIT_DIR/logs/$ref_stash"
-	git update-ref -m "$stash_msg" $ref_stash $w_commit
+	git update-ref --create-reflog -m "$stash_msg" $ref_stash $w_commit
 	ret=$?
-	test $ret != 0 && test -z $quiet &&
+	test $ret != 0 && test -z "$quiet" &&
 	die "$(eval_gettext "Cannot update \$ref_stash with \$w_commit")"
 	return $ret
 }
 
-save_stash () {
+push_stash () {
 	keep_index=
 	patch_mode=
 	untracked=
+	stash_msg=
 	while test $# != 0
 	do
 		case "$1" in
@@ -219,24 +258,27 @@ save_stash () {
 		-a|--all)
 			untracked=all
 			;;
+		-m|--message)
+			shift
+			test -z ${1+x} && usage
+			stash_msg=$1
+			;;
+		-m*)
+			stash_msg=${1#-m}
+			;;
+		--message=*)
+			stash_msg=${1#--message=}
+			;;
+		--help)
+			show_help
+			;;
 		--)
 			shift
 			break
 			;;
 		-*)
 			option="$1"
-			# TRANSLATORS: $option is an invalid option, like
-			# `--blah-blah'. The 7 spaces at the beginning of the
-			# second line correspond to "error: ". So you should line
-			# up the second line with however many characters the
-			# translation of "error: " takes in your language. E.g. in
-			# English this is:
-			#
-			#    $ git stash save --blah-blah 2>&1 | head -n 2
-			#    error: unknown option for 'stash save': --blah-blah
-			#           To provide a message, use git stash save -- '--blah-blah'
-			eval_gettextln "error: unknown option for 'stash save': \$option
-       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '\$option'"
+			eval_gettextln "error: unknown option for 'stash push': \$option"
 			usage
 			;;
 		*)
@@ -246,39 +288,54 @@ save_stash () {
 		shift
 	done
 
+	eval "set $(git rev-parse --sq --prefix "$prefix" -- "$@")"
+
 	if test -n "$patch_mode" && test -n "$untracked"
 	then
-	    die "Can't use --patch and --include-untracked or --all at the same time"
+		die "$(gettext "Can't use --patch and --include-untracked or --all at the same time")"
 	fi
 
-	stash_msg="$*"
+	test -n "$untracked" || git ls-files --error-unmatch -- "$@" >/dev/null || exit 1
 
 	git update-index -q --refresh
-	if no_changes
+	if no_changes "$@"
 	then
 		say "$(gettext "No local changes to save")"
 		exit 0
 	fi
-	test -f "$GIT_DIR/logs/$ref_stash" ||
+
+	git reflog exists $ref_stash ||
 		clear_stash || die "$(gettext "Cannot initialize stash")"
 
-	create_stash "$stash_msg" $untracked
+	create_stash -m "$stash_msg" -u "$untracked" -- "$@"
 	store_stash -m "$stash_msg" -q $w_commit ||
 	die "$(gettext "Cannot save the current status")"
-	say Saved working directory and index state "$stash_msg"
+	say "$(eval_gettext "Saved working directory and index state \$stash_msg")"
 
 	if test -z "$patch_mode"
 	then
-		git reset --hard ${GIT_QUIET:+-q}
 		test "$untracked" = "all" && CLEAN_X_OPTION=-x || CLEAN_X_OPTION=
-		if test -n "$untracked"
+		if test -n "$untracked" && test $# = 0
 		then
 			git clean --force --quiet -d $CLEAN_X_OPTION
 		fi
 
-		if test "$keep_index" = "t" && test -n $i_tree
+		if test $# != 0
+		then
+			test -z "$untracked" && UPDATE_OPTION="-u" || UPDATE_OPTION=
+			test "$untracked" = "all" && FORCE_OPTION="--force" || FORCE_OPTION=
+			git add $UPDATE_OPTION $FORCE_OPTION -- "$@"
+			git diff-index -p --cached --binary HEAD -- "$@" |
+			git apply --index -R
+		else
+			git reset --hard -q
+		fi
+
+		if test "$keep_index" = "t" && test -n "$i_tree"
 		then
-			git read-tree --reset -u $i_tree
+			git read-tree --reset $i_tree
+			git ls-files -z --modified -- "$@" |
+			git checkout-index -z --force --stdin
 		fi
 	else
 		git apply -R < "$TMP-patch" ||
@@ -286,11 +343,41 @@ save_stash () {
 
 		if test "$keep_index" != "t"
 		then
-			git reset
+			git reset -q -- "$@"
 		fi
 	fi
 }
 
+save_stash () {
+	push_options=
+	while test $# != 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		--)
+			shift
+			break
+			;;
+		-*)
+			# pass all options through to push_stash
+			push_options="$push_options $1"
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+
+	stash_msg="$*"
+
+	if test -z "$stash_msg"
+	then
+		push_stash $push_options
+	else
+		push_stash $push_options -m "$stash_msg"
+	fi
+}
+
 have_stash () {
 	git rev-parse --verify --quiet $ref_stash >/dev/null
 }
@@ -301,9 +388,33 @@ list_stash () {
 }
 
 show_stash () {
+	ALLOW_UNKNOWN_FLAGS=t
 	assert_stash_like "$@"
 
-	git diff ${FLAGS:---stat} $b_commit $w_commit
+	if test -z "$FLAGS"
+	then
+		if test "$(git config --bool stash.showStat || echo true)" = "true"
+		then
+			FLAGS=--stat
+		fi
+
+		if test "$(git config --bool stash.showPatch || echo false)" = "true"
+		then
+			FLAGS=${FLAGS}${FLAGS:+ }-p
+		fi
+
+		if test -z "$FLAGS"
+		then
+			return 0
+		fi
+	fi
+
+	git diff ${FLAGS} $b_commit $w_commit
+}
+
+show_help () {
+	exec git help stash
+	exit 1
 }
 
 #
@@ -332,13 +443,14 @@ show_stash () {
 #
 #   GIT_QUIET is set to t if -q is specified
 #   INDEX_OPTION is set to --index if --index is specified.
-#   FLAGS is set to the remaining flags
+#   FLAGS is set to the remaining flags (if allowed)
 #
 # dies if:
 #   * too many revisions specified
 #   * no revision is specified and there is no stash stack
 #   * a revision is specified which cannot be resolve to a SHA1
 #   * a non-existent stash reference is specified
+#   * unknown flags were set and ALLOW_UNKNOWN_FLAGS is not "t"
 #
 
 parse_flags_and_rev()
@@ -359,9 +471,8 @@ parse_flags_and_rev()
 	i_tree=
 	u_tree=
 
-	REV=$(git rev-parse --no-flags --symbolic --sq "$@") || exit 1
-
 	FLAGS=
+	REV=
 	for opt
 	do
 		case "$opt" in
@@ -371,9 +482,17 @@ parse_flags_and_rev()
 			--index)
 				INDEX_OPTION=--index
 			;;
+			--help)
+				show_help
+			;;
 			-*)
+				test "$ALLOW_UNKNOWN_FLAGS" = t ||
+					die "$(eval_gettext "unknown option: \$opt")"
 				FLAGS="${FLAGS}${FLAGS:+ }$opt"
 			;;
+			*)
+				REV="${REV}${REV:+ }'$opt'"
+			;;
 		esac
 	done
 
@@ -381,7 +500,7 @@ parse_flags_and_rev()
 
 	case $# in
 		0)
-			have_stash || die "$(gettext "No stash found.")"
+			have_stash || die "$(gettext "No stash entries found.")"
 			set -- ${ref_stash}@{0}
 		;;
 		1)
@@ -392,6 +511,15 @@ parse_flags_and_rev()
 		;;
 	esac
 
+	case "$1" in
+		*[!0-9]*)
+			:
+		;;
+		*)
+			set -- "${ref_stash}@{$1}"
+		;;
+	esac
+
 	REV=$(git rev-parse --symbolic --verify --quiet "$1") || {
 		reference="$1"
 		die "$(eval_gettext "\$reference is not a valid reference")"
@@ -461,10 +589,10 @@ apply_stash () {
 
 	if test -n "$u_tree"
 	then
-		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMPindex" git-read-tree "$u_tree" &&
+		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMPindex" git read-tree "$u_tree" &&
 		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMPindex" git checkout-index --all &&
 		rm -f "$TMPindex" ||
-		die 'Could not restore untracked files from stash'
+		die "$(gettext "Could not restore untracked files from stash entry")"
 	fi
 
 	eval "
@@ -518,7 +646,7 @@ pop_stash() {
 		drop_stash "$@"
 	else
 		status=$?
-		say "The stash is kept in case you need it again."
+		say "$(gettext "The stash entry is kept in case you need it again.")"
 		exit $status
 	fi
 }
@@ -549,18 +677,21 @@ apply_to_branch () {
 	}
 }
 
+test "$1" = "-p" && set "push" "$@"
+
 PARSE_CACHE='--not-parsed'
-# The default command is "save" if nothing but options are given
+# The default command is "push" if nothing but options are given
 seen_non_option=
 for opt
 do
 	case "$opt" in
+	--) break ;;
 	-*) ;;
 	*) seen_non_option=t; break ;;
 	esac
 done
 
-test -n "$seen_non_option" || set "save" "$@"
+test -n "$seen_non_option" || set "push" "$@"
 
 # Main command set
 case "$1" in
@@ -576,6 +707,10 @@ save)
 	shift
 	save_stash "$@"
 	;;
+push)
+	shift
+	push_stash "$@"
+	;;
 apply)
 	shift
 	apply_stash "$@"
@@ -586,7 +721,7 @@ clear)
 	;;
 create)
 	shift
-	create_stash "$*" && echo "$w_commit"
+	create_stash -m "$*" && echo "$w_commit"
 	;;
 store)
 	shift
@@ -607,7 +742,7 @@ branch)
 *)
 	case $# in
 	0)
-		save_stash &&
+		push_stash &&
 		say "$(gettext "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")")"
 		;;
 	*)
diff --git a/git-submodule.sh b/git-submodule.sh
index 36797c3c00..f7fd80345c 100755
--- a/git-submodule.sh
+++ b/git-submodule.sh
@@ -8,20 +8,25 @@ dashless=$(basename "$0" | sed -e 's/-/ /')
 USAGE="[--quiet] add [-b <branch>] [-f|--force] [--name <name>] [--reference <repository>] [--] <repository> [<path>]
    or: $dashless [--quiet] status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
    or: $dashless [--quiet] init [--] [<path>...]
-   or: $dashless [--quiet] deinit [-f|--force] [--] <path>...
-   or: $dashless [--quiet] update [--init] [--remote] [-N|--no-fetch] [-f|--force] [--checkout|--merge|--rebase] [--reference <repository>] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
+   or: $dashless [--quiet] deinit [-f|--force] (--all| [--] <path>...)
+   or: $dashless [--quiet] update [--init] [--remote] [-N|--no-fetch] [-f|--force] [--checkout|--merge|--rebase] [--[no-]recommend-shallow] [--reference <repository>] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
    or: $dashless [--quiet] summary [--cached|--files] [--summary-limit <n>] [commit] [--] [<path>...]
    or: $dashless [--quiet] foreach [--recursive] <command>
-   or: $dashless [--quiet] sync [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]"
+   or: $dashless [--quiet] sync [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
+   or: $dashless [--quiet] absorbgitdirs [--] [<path>...]"
 OPTIONS_SPEC=
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
 . git-sh-setup
-. git-sh-i18n
 . git-parse-remote
 require_work_tree
 wt_prefix=$(git rev-parse --show-prefix)
 cd_to_toplevel
 
+# Tell the rest of git that any URLs we get don't come
+# directly from the user, so it can apply policy as appropriate.
+GIT_PROTOCOL_FROM_USER=0
+export GIT_PROTOCOL_FROM_USER
+
 command=
 branch=
 force=
@@ -36,162 +41,14 @@ update=
 prefix=
 custom_name=
 depth=
-
-# The function takes at most 2 arguments. The first argument is the
-# URL that navigates to the submodule origin repo. When relative, this URL
-# is relative to the superproject origin URL repo. The second up_path
-# argument, if specified, is the relative path that navigates
-# from the submodule working tree to the superproject working tree.
-#
-# The output of the function is the origin URL of the submodule.
-#
-# The output will either be an absolute URL or filesystem path (if the
-# superproject origin URL is an absolute URL or filesystem path,
-# respectively) or a relative file system path (if the superproject
-# origin URL is a relative file system path).
-#
-# When the output is a relative file system path, the path is either
-# relative to the submodule working tree, if up_path is specified, or to
-# the superproject working tree otherwise.
-resolve_relative_url ()
-{
-	remote=$(get_default_remote)
-	remoteurl=$(git config "remote.$remote.url") ||
-		remoteurl=$(pwd) # the repository is its own authoritative upstream
-	url="$1"
-	remoteurl=${remoteurl%/}
-	sep=/
-	up_path="$2"
-
-	case "$remoteurl" in
-	*:*|/*)
-		is_relative=
-		;;
-	./*|../*)
-		is_relative=t
-		;;
-	*)
-		is_relative=t
-		remoteurl="./$remoteurl"
-		;;
-	esac
-
-	while test -n "$url"
-	do
-		case "$url" in
-		../*)
-			url="${url#../}"
-			case "$remoteurl" in
-			*/*)
-				remoteurl="${remoteurl%/*}"
-				;;
-			*:*)
-				remoteurl="${remoteurl%:*}"
-				sep=:
-				;;
-			*)
-				if test -z "$is_relative" || test "." = "$remoteurl"
-				then
-					die "$(eval_gettext "cannot strip one component off url '\$remoteurl'")"
-				else
-					remoteurl=.
-				fi
-				;;
-			esac
-			;;
-		./*)
-			url="${url#./}"
-			;;
-		*)
-			break;;
-		esac
-	done
-	remoteurl="$remoteurl$sep${url%/}"
-	echo "${is_relative:+${up_path}}${remoteurl#./}"
-}
-
-# Resolve a path to be relative to another path.  This is intended for
-# converting submodule paths when git-submodule is run in a subdirectory
-# and only handles paths where the directory separator is '/'.
-#
-# The output is the first argument as a path relative to the second argument,
-# which defaults to $wt_prefix if it is omitted.
-relative_path ()
-{
-	local target curdir result
-	target=$1
-	curdir=${2-$wt_prefix}
-	curdir=${curdir%/}
-	result=
-
-	while test -n "$curdir"
-	do
-		case "$target" in
-		"$curdir/"*)
-			target=${target#"$curdir"/}
-			break
-			;;
-		esac
-
-		result="${result}../"
-		if test "$curdir" = "${curdir%/*}"
-		then
-			curdir=
-		else
-			curdir="${curdir%/*}"
-		fi
-	done
-
-	echo "$result$target"
-}
-
-#
-# Get submodule info for registered submodules
-# $@ = path to limit submodule list
-#
-module_list()
-{
-	eval "set $(git rev-parse --sq --prefix "$wt_prefix" -- "$@")"
-	(
-		git ls-files -z --error-unmatch --stage -- "$@" ||
-		echo "unmatched pathspec exists"
-	) |
-	@@PERL@@ -e '
-	my %unmerged = ();
-	my ($null_sha1) = ("0" x 40);
-	my @out = ();
-	my $unmatched = 0;
-	$/ = "\0";
-	while (<STDIN>) {
-		if (/^unmatched pathspec/) {
-			$unmatched = 1;
-			next;
-		}
-		chomp;
-		my ($mode, $sha1, $stage, $path) =
-			/^([0-7]+) ([0-9a-f]{40}) ([0-3])\t(.*)$/;
-		next unless $mode eq "160000";
-		if ($stage ne "0") {
-			if (!$unmerged{$path}++) {
-				push @out, "$mode $null_sha1 U\t$path\n";
-			}
-			next;
-		}
-		push @out, "$_\n";
-	}
-	if ($unmatched) {
-		print "#unmatched\n";
-	} else {
-		print for (@out);
-	}
-	'
-}
+progress=
+dissociate=
 
 die_if_unmatched ()
 {
 	if test "$1" = "#unmatched"
 	then
-		exit 1
+		exit ${2:-1}
 	fi
 }
 
@@ -220,101 +77,20 @@ get_submodule_config () {
 	printf '%s' "${value:-$default}"
 }
 
-
-#
-# Map submodule path to submodule name
-#
-# $1 = path
-#
-module_name()
-{
-	# Do we have "submodule.<something>.path = $1" defined in .gitmodules file?
-	sm_path="$1"
-	re=$(printf '%s\n' "$1" | sed -e 's/[].[^$\\*]/\\&/g')
-	name=$( git config -f .gitmodules --get-regexp '^submodule\..*\.path$' |
-		sed -n -e 's|^submodule\.\(.*\)\.path '"$re"'$|\1|p' )
-	test -z "$name" &&
-	die "$(eval_gettext "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '\$sm_path'")"
-	printf '%s\n' "$name"
-}
-
-#
-# Clone a submodule
-#
-# $1 = submodule path
-# $2 = submodule name
-# $3 = URL to clone
-# $4 = reference repository to reuse (empty for independent)
-# $5 = depth argument for shallow clones (empty for deep)
-#
-# Prior to calling, cmd_update checks that a possibly existing
-# path is not a git repository.
-# Likewise, cmd_add checks that path does not exist at all,
-# since it is the location of a new submodule.
-#
-module_clone()
+isnumber()
 {
-	sm_path=$1
-	name=$2
-	url=$3
-	reference="$4"
-	depth="$5"
-	quiet=
-	if test -n "$GIT_QUIET"
-	then
-		quiet=-q
-	fi
-
-	gitdir=
-	gitdir_base=
-	base_name=$(dirname "$name")
-
-	gitdir=$(git rev-parse --git-dir)
-	gitdir_base="$gitdir/modules/$base_name"
-	gitdir="$gitdir/modules/$name"
-
-	if test -d "$gitdir"
-	then
-		mkdir -p "$sm_path"
-		rm -f "$gitdir/index"
-	else
-		mkdir -p "$gitdir_base"
-		(
-			clear_local_git_env
-			git clone $quiet ${depth:+"$depth"} -n ${reference:+"$reference"} \
-				--separate-git-dir "$gitdir" "$url" "$sm_path"
-		) ||
-		die "$(eval_gettext "Clone of '\$url' into submodule path '\$sm_path' failed")"
-	fi
-
-	# We already are at the root of the work tree but cd_to_toplevel will
-	# resolve any symlinks that might be present in $PWD
-	a=$(cd_to_toplevel && cd "$gitdir" && pwd)/
-	b=$(cd_to_toplevel && cd "$sm_path" && pwd)/
-	# Remove all common leading directories after a sanity check
-	if test "${a#$b}" != "$a" || test "${b#$a}" != "$b"; then
-		die "$(eval_gettext "Gitdir '\$a' is part of the submodule path '\$b' or vice versa")"
-	fi
-	while test "${a%%/*}" = "${b%%/*}"
-	do
-		a=${a#*/}
-		b=${b#*/}
-	done
-	# Now chop off the trailing '/'s that were added in the beginning
-	a=${a%/}
-	b=${b%/}
-
-	# Turn each leading "*/" component into "../"
-	rel=$(printf '%s\n' "$b" | sed -e 's|[^/][^/]*|..|g')
-	printf '%s\n' "gitdir: $rel/$a" >"$sm_path/.git"
-
-	rel=$(printf '%s\n' "$a" | sed -e 's|[^/][^/]*|..|g')
-	(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" && GIT_WORK_TREE=. git config core.worktree "$rel/$b")
+	n=$(($1 + 0)) 2>/dev/null && test "$n" = "$1"
 }
 
-isnumber()
+# Sanitize the local git environment for use within a submodule. We
+# can't simply use clear_local_git_env since we want to preserve some
+# of the settings from GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS.
+sanitize_submodule_env()
 {
-	n=$(($1 + 0)) 2>/dev/null && test "$n" = "$1"
+	save_config=$GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS
+	clear_local_git_env
+	GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS=$save_config
+	export GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS
 }
 
 #
@@ -342,6 +118,9 @@ cmd_add()
 		-q|--quiet)
 			GIT_QUIET=1
 			;;
+		--progress)
+			progress=1
+			;;
 		--reference)
 			case "$2" in '') usage ;; esac
 			reference_path=$2
@@ -350,6 +129,9 @@ cmd_add()
 		--reference=*)
 			reference_path="${1#--reference=}"
 			;;
+		--dissociate)
+			dissociate=1
+			;;
 		--name)
 			case "$2" in '') usage ;; esac
 			custom_name=$2
@@ -406,7 +188,7 @@ cmd_add()
 		die "$(gettext "Relative path can only be used from the toplevel of the working tree")"
 
 		# dereference source url relative to parent's url
-		realrepo=$(resolve_relative_url "$repo") || exit
+		realrepo=$(git submodule--helper resolve-relative-url "$repo") || exit
 		;;
 	*:*|/*)
 		# absolute url
@@ -429,10 +211,17 @@ cmd_add()
 			tstart
 			s|/*$||
 		')
-	git ls-files --error-unmatch "$sm_path" > /dev/null 2>&1 &&
-	die "$(eval_gettext "'\$sm_path' already exists in the index")"
+	if test -z "$force"
+	then
+		git ls-files --error-unmatch "$sm_path" > /dev/null 2>&1 &&
+		die "$(eval_gettext "'\$sm_path' already exists in the index")"
+	else
+		git ls-files -s "$sm_path" | sane_grep -v "^160000" > /dev/null 2>&1 &&
+		die "$(eval_gettext "'\$sm_path' already exists in the index and is not a submodule")"
+	fi
 
-	if test -z "$force" && ! git add --dry-run --ignore-missing "$sm_path" > /dev/null 2>&1
+	if test -z "$force" &&
+		! git add --dry-run --ignore-missing --no-warn-embedded-repo "$sm_path" > /dev/null 2>&1
 	then
 		eval_gettextln "The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:
 \$sm_path
@@ -447,6 +236,11 @@ Use -f if you really want to add it." >&2
 		sm_name="$sm_path"
 	fi
 
+	if ! git submodule--helper check-name "$sm_name"
+	then
+		die "$(eval_gettext "'$sm_name' is not a valid submodule name")"
+	fi
+
 	# perhaps the path exists and is already a git repo, else clone it
 	if test -e "$sm_path"
 	then
@@ -462,19 +256,20 @@ Use -f if you really want to add it." >&2
 		then
 			if test -z "$force"
 			then
-				echo >&2 "$(eval_gettext "A git directory for '\$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):")"
+				eval_gettextln >&2 "A git directory for '\$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
 				GIT_DIR=".git/modules/$sm_name" GIT_WORK_TREE=. git remote -v | grep '(fetch)' | sed -e s,^,"  ", -e s,' (fetch)',, >&2
-				echo >&2 "$(eval_gettext "If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from")"
-				echo >&2 "  $realrepo"
-				echo >&2 "$(eval_gettext "use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo")"
-				die "$(eval_gettext "or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' option.")"
+				die "$(eval_gettextln "\
+If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from
+  \$realrepo
+use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo
+or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' option.")"
 			else
-				echo "$(eval_gettext "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '\$sm_name'.")"
+				eval_gettextln "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '\$sm_name'."
 			fi
 		fi
-		module_clone "$sm_path" "$sm_name" "$realrepo" "$reference" "$depth" || exit
+		git submodule--helper clone ${GIT_QUIET:+--quiet} ${progress:+"--progress"} --prefix "$wt_prefix" --path "$sm_path" --name "$sm_name" --url "$realrepo" ${reference:+"$reference"} ${dissociate:+"--dissociate"} ${depth:+"$depth"} || exit
 		(
-			clear_local_git_env
+			sanitize_submodule_env
 			cd "$sm_path" &&
 			# ash fails to wordsplit ${branch:+-b "$branch"...}
 			case "$branch" in
@@ -485,7 +280,7 @@ Use -f if you really want to add it." >&2
 	fi
 	git config submodule."$sm_name".url "$realrepo"
 
-	git add $force "$sm_path" ||
+	git add --no-warn-embedded-repo $force "$sm_path" ||
 	die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to add submodule '\$sm_path'")"
 
 	git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$sm_name".path "$sm_path" &&
@@ -496,6 +291,20 @@ Use -f if you really want to add it." >&2
 	fi &&
 	git add --force .gitmodules ||
 	die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to register submodule '\$sm_path'")"
+
+	# NEEDSWORK: In a multi-working-tree world, this needs to be
+	# set in the per-worktree config.
+	if git config --get submodule.active >/dev/null
+	then
+		# If the submodule being adding isn't already covered by the
+		# current configured pathspec, set the submodule's active flag
+		if ! git submodule--helper is-active "$sm_path"
+		then
+			git config submodule."$sm_name".active "true"
+		fi
+	else
+		git config submodule."$sm_name".active "true"
+	fi
 }
 
 #
@@ -526,42 +335,7 @@ cmd_foreach()
 		shift
 	done
 
-	toplevel=$(pwd)
-
-	# dup stdin so that it can be restored when running the external
-	# command in the subshell (and a recursive call to this function)
-	exec 3<&0
-
-	module_list |
-	while read mode sha1 stage sm_path
-	do
-		die_if_unmatched "$mode"
-		if test -e "$sm_path"/.git
-		then
-			displaypath=$(relative_path "$sm_path")
-			say "$(eval_gettext "Entering '\$prefix\$displaypath'")"
-			name=$(module_name "$sm_path")
-			(
-				prefix="$prefix$sm_path/"
-				clear_local_git_env
-				cd "$sm_path" &&
-				sm_path=$(relative_path "$sm_path") &&
-				# we make $path available to scripts ...
-				path=$sm_path &&
-				if test $# -eq 1
-				then
-					eval "$1"
-				else
-					"$@"
-				fi &&
-				if test -n "$recursive"
-				then
-					cmd_foreach "--recursive" "$@"
-				fi
-			) <&3 3<&- ||
-			die "$(eval_gettext "Stopping at '\$prefix\$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status.")"
-		fi
-	done
+	git ${wt_prefix:+-C "$wt_prefix"} ${prefix:+--super-prefix "$prefix"} submodule--helper foreach ${GIT_QUIET:+--quiet} ${recursive:+--recursive} "$@"
 }
 
 #
@@ -592,60 +366,16 @@ cmd_init()
 		shift
 	done
 
-	module_list "$@" |
-	while read mode sha1 stage sm_path
-	do
-		die_if_unmatched "$mode"
-		name=$(module_name "$sm_path") || exit
-
-		displaypath=$(relative_path "$sm_path")
-
-		# Copy url setting when it is not set yet
-		if test -z "$(git config "submodule.$name.url")"
-		then
-			url=$(git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$name".url)
-			test -z "$url" &&
-			die "$(eval_gettext "No url found for submodule path '\$displaypath' in .gitmodules")"
-
-			# Possibly a url relative to parent
-			case "$url" in
-			./*|../*)
-				url=$(resolve_relative_url "$url") || exit
-				;;
-			esac
-			git config submodule."$name".url "$url" ||
-			die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to register url for submodule path '\$displaypath'")"
-
-			say "$(eval_gettext "Submodule '\$name' (\$url) registered for path '\$displaypath'")"
-		fi
-
-		# Copy "update" setting when it is not set yet
-		if upd="$(git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$name".update)" &&
-		   test -n "$upd" &&
-		   test -z "$(git config submodule."$name".update)"
-		then
-			case "$upd" in
-			checkout | rebase | merge | none)
-				;; # known modes of updating
-			*)
-				echo >&2 "warning: unknown update mode '$upd' suggested for submodule '$name'"
-				upd=none
-				;;
-			esac
-			git config submodule."$name".update "$upd" ||
-			die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '\$displaypath'")"
-		fi
-	done
+	git ${wt_prefix:+-C "$wt_prefix"} ${prefix:+--super-prefix "$prefix"} submodule--helper init ${GIT_QUIET:+--quiet}  "$@"
 }
 
 #
 # Unregister submodules from .git/config and remove their work tree
 #
-# $@ = requested paths (use '.' to deinit all submodules)
-#
 cmd_deinit()
 {
 	# parse $args after "submodule ... deinit".
+	deinit_all=
 	while test $# -ne 0
 	do
 		case "$1" in
@@ -655,6 +385,9 @@ cmd_deinit()
 		-q|--quiet)
 			GIT_QUIET=1
 			;;
+		--all)
+			deinit_all=t
+			;;
 		--)
 			shift
 			break
@@ -669,53 +402,28 @@ cmd_deinit()
 		shift
 	done
 
-	if test $# = 0
-	then
-		die "$(eval_gettext "Use '.' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules")"
-	fi
-
-	module_list "$@" |
-	while read mode sha1 stage sm_path
-	do
-		die_if_unmatched "$mode"
-		name=$(module_name "$sm_path") || exit
-
-		displaypath=$(relative_path "$sm_path")
-
-		# Remove the submodule work tree (unless the user already did it)
-		if test -d "$sm_path"
-		then
-			# Protect submodules containing a .git directory
-			if test -d "$sm_path/.git"
-			then
-				echo >&2 "$(eval_gettext "Submodule work tree '\$displaypath' contains a .git directory")"
-				die "$(eval_gettext "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)")"
-			fi
-
-			if test -z "$force"
-			then
-				git rm -qn "$sm_path" ||
-				die "$(eval_gettext "Submodule work tree '\$displaypath' contains local modifications; use '-f' to discard them")"
-			fi
-			rm -rf "$sm_path" &&
-			say "$(eval_gettext "Cleared directory '\$displaypath'")" ||
-			say "$(eval_gettext "Could not remove submodule work tree '\$displaypath'")"
-		fi
-
-		mkdir "$sm_path" || say "$(eval_gettext "Could not create empty submodule directory '\$displaypath'")"
-
-		# Remove the .git/config entries (unless the user already did it)
-		if test -n "$(git config --get-regexp submodule."$name\.")"
-		then
-			# Remove the whole section so we have a clean state when
-			# the user later decides to init this submodule again
-			url=$(git config submodule."$name".url)
-			git config --remove-section submodule."$name" 2>/dev/null &&
-			say "$(eval_gettext "Submodule '\$name' (\$url) unregistered for path '\$displaypath'")"
-		fi
-	done
+	git ${wt_prefix:+-C "$wt_prefix"} submodule--helper deinit ${GIT_QUIET:+--quiet} ${prefix:+--prefix "$prefix"} ${force:+--force} ${deinit_all:+--all} "$@"
 }
 
+is_tip_reachable () (
+	sanitize_submodule_env &&
+	cd "$1" &&
+	rev=$(git rev-list -n 1 "$2" --not --all 2>/dev/null) &&
+	test -z "$rev"
+)
+
+fetch_in_submodule () (
+	sanitize_submodule_env &&
+	cd "$1" &&
+	case "$2" in
+	'')
+		git fetch ;;
+	*)
+		shift
+		git fetch $(get_default_remote) "$@" ;;
+	esac
+)
+
 #
 # Update each submodule path to correct revision, using clone and checkout as needed
 #
@@ -730,6 +438,12 @@ cmd_update()
 		-q|--quiet)
 			GIT_QUIET=1
 			;;
+		-v)
+			GIT_QUIET=0
+			;;
+		--progress)
+			progress=1
+			;;
 		-i|--init)
 			init=1
 			;;
@@ -753,6 +467,9 @@ cmd_update()
 		--reference=*)
 			reference="$1"
 			;;
+		--dissociate)
+			dissociate=1
+			;;
 		-m|--merge)
 			update="merge"
 			;;
@@ -762,6 +479,12 @@ cmd_update()
 		--checkout)
 			update="checkout"
 			;;
+		--recommend-shallow)
+			recommend_shallow="--recommend-shallow"
+			;;
+		--no-recommend-shallow)
+			recommend_shallow="--no-recommend-shallow"
+			;;
 		--depth)
 			case "$2" in '') usage ;; esac
 			depth="--depth=$2"
@@ -770,6 +493,14 @@ cmd_update()
 		--depth=*)
 			depth=$1
 			;;
+		-j|--jobs)
+			case "$2" in '') usage ;; esac
+			jobs="--jobs=$2"
+			shift
+			;;
+		--jobs=*)
+			jobs=$1
+			;;
 		--)
 			shift
 			break
@@ -789,20 +520,25 @@ cmd_update()
 		cmd_init "--" "$@" || return
 	fi
 
-	cloned_modules=
-	module_list "$@" | {
+	{
+	git submodule--helper update-clone ${GIT_QUIET:+--quiet} \
+		${progress:+"--progress"} \
+		${wt_prefix:+--prefix "$wt_prefix"} \
+		${prefix:+--recursive-prefix "$prefix"} \
+		${update:+--update "$update"} \
+		${reference:+"$reference"} \
+		${dissociate:+"--dissociate"} \
+		${depth:+--depth "$depth"} \
+		$recommend_shallow \
+		$jobs \
+		"$@" || echo "#unmatched" $?
+	} | {
 	err=
-	while read mode sha1 stage sm_path
+	while read -r mode sha1 stage just_cloned sm_path
 	do
-		die_if_unmatched "$mode"
-		if test "$stage" = U
-		then
-			echo >&2 "Skipping unmerged submodule $prefix$sm_path"
-			continue
-		fi
-		name=$(module_name "$sm_path") || exit
-		url=$(git config submodule."$name".url)
-		branch=$(get_submodule_config "$name" branch master)
+		die_if_unmatched "$mode" "$sha1"
+
+		name=$(git submodule--helper name "$sm_path") || exit
 		if ! test -z "$update"
 		then
 			update_module=$update
@@ -814,47 +550,39 @@ cmd_update()
 			fi
 		fi
 
-		displaypath=$(relative_path "$prefix$sm_path")
-
-		if test "$update_module" = "none"
-		then
-			echo "Skipping submodule '$displaypath'"
-			continue
-		fi
-
-		if test -z "$url"
-		then
-			# Only mention uninitialized submodules when its
-			# path have been specified
-			test "$#" != "0" &&
-			say "$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$displaypath' not initialized
-Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?")"
-			continue
-		fi
+		displaypath=$(git submodule--helper relative-path "$prefix$sm_path" "$wt_prefix")
 
-		if ! test -d "$sm_path"/.git && ! test -f "$sm_path"/.git
+		if test $just_cloned -eq 1
 		then
-			module_clone "$sm_path" "$name" "$url" "$reference" "$depth" || exit
-			cloned_modules="$cloned_modules;$name"
 			subsha1=
+			case "$update_module" in
+			merge | rebase | none)
+				update_module=checkout ;;
+			esac
 		else
-			subsha1=$(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" &&
+			subsha1=$(sanitize_submodule_env; cd "$sm_path" &&
 				git rev-parse --verify HEAD) ||
 			die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '\$displaypath'")"
 		fi
 
 		if test -n "$remote"
 		then
+			branch=$(git submodule--helper remote-branch "$sm_path")
 			if test -z "$nofetch"
 			then
 				# Fetch remote before determining tracking $sha1
-				(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" && git-fetch) ||
+				fetch_in_submodule "$sm_path" $depth ||
 				die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to fetch in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
 			fi
-			remote_name=$(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" && get_default_remote)
-			sha1=$(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" &&
+			remote_name=$(sanitize_submodule_env; cd "$sm_path" && get_default_remote)
+			sha1=$(sanitize_submodule_env; cd "$sm_path" &&
 				git rev-parse --verify "${remote_name}/${branch}") ||
-			die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to find current ${remote_name}/${branch} revision in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
+			die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to find current \${remote_name}/\${branch} revision in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
+		fi
+
+		if ! $(git config -f "$(git rev-parse --git-common-dir)/modules/$name/config" core.worktree) 2>/dev/null
+		then
+			git submodule--helper connect-gitdir-workingtree "$name" "$sm_path"
 		fi
 
 		if test "$subsha1" != "$sha1" || test -n "$force"
@@ -870,19 +598,17 @@ Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?")"
 			then
 				# Run fetch only if $sha1 isn't present or it
 				# is not reachable from a ref.
-				(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" &&
-					( (rev=$(git rev-list -n 1 $sha1 --not --all 2>/dev/null) &&
-					 test -z "$rev") || git-fetch)) ||
-				die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to fetch in submodule path '\$displaypath'")"
+				is_tip_reachable "$sm_path" "$sha1" ||
+				fetch_in_submodule "$sm_path" $depth ||
+				say "$(eval_gettext "Unable to fetch in submodule path '\$displaypath'")"
+
+				# Now we tried the usual fetch, but $sha1 may
+				# not be reachable from any of the refs
+				is_tip_reachable "$sm_path" "$sha1" ||
+				fetch_in_submodule "$sm_path" $depth "$sha1" ||
+				die "$(eval_gettext "Fetched in submodule path '\$displaypath', but it did not contain \$sha1. Direct fetching of that commit failed.")"
 			fi
 
-			# Is this something we just cloned?
-			case ";$cloned_modules;" in
-			*";$name;"*)
-				# then there is no local change to integrate
-				update_module=checkout ;;
-			esac
-
 			must_die_on_failure=
 			case "$update_module" in
 			checkout)
@@ -904,15 +630,15 @@ Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?")"
 				;;
 			!*)
 				command="${update_module#!}"
-				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Execution of '\$command \$sha1' failed in submodule  path '\$prefix\$sm_path'")"
-				say_msg="$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$prefix\$sm_path': '\$command \$sha1'")"
+				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Execution of '\$command \$sha1' failed in submodule path '\$displaypath'")"
+				say_msg="$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$displaypath': '\$command \$sha1'")"
 				must_die_on_failure=yes
 				;;
 			*)
 				die "$(eval_gettext "Invalid update mode '$update_module' for submodule '$name'")"
 			esac
 
-			if (clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" && $command "$sha1")
+			if (sanitize_submodule_env; cd "$sm_path" && $command "$sha1")
 			then
 				say "$say_msg"
 			elif test -n "$must_die_on_failure"
@@ -927,8 +653,9 @@ Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?")"
 		if test -n "$recursive"
 		then
 			(
-				prefix="$prefix$sm_path/"
-				clear_local_git_env
+				prefix=$(git submodule--helper relative-path "$prefix$sm_path/" "$wt_prefix")
+				wt_prefix=
+				sanitize_submodule_env
 				cd "$sm_path" &&
 				eval cmd_update
 			)
@@ -936,7 +663,7 @@ Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?")"
 			if test $res -gt 0
 			then
 				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Failed to recurse into submodule path '\$displaypath'")"
-				if test $res -eq 1
+				if test $res -ne 2
 				then
 					err="${err};$die_msg"
 					continue
@@ -964,18 +691,6 @@ Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?")"
 	}
 }
 
-set_name_rev () {
-	revname=$( (
-		clear_local_git_env
-		cd "$1" && {
-			git describe "$2" 2>/dev/null ||
-			git describe --tags "$2" 2>/dev/null ||
-			git describe --contains "$2" 2>/dev/null ||
-			git describe --all --always "$2"
-		}
-	) )
-	test -z "$revname" || revname=" ($revname)"
-}
 #
 # Show commit summary for submodules in index or working tree
 #
@@ -1053,7 +768,7 @@ cmd_summary() {
 	# Get modified modules cared by user
 	modules=$(git $diff_cmd $cached --ignore-submodules=dirty --raw $head -- "$@" |
 		sane_egrep '^:([0-7]* )?160000' |
-		while read mod_src mod_dst sha1_src sha1_dst status sm_path
+		while read -r mod_src mod_dst sha1_src sha1_dst status sm_path
 		do
 			# Always show modules deleted or type-changed (blob<->module)
 			if test "$status" = D || test "$status" = T
@@ -1064,12 +779,12 @@ cmd_summary() {
 			# Respect the ignore setting for --for-status.
 			if test -n "$for_status"
 			then
-				name=$(module_name "$sm_path")
+				name=$(git submodule--helper name "$sm_path")
 				ignore_config=$(get_submodule_config "$name" ignore none)
 				test $status != A && test $ignore_config = all && continue
 			fi
 			# Also show added or modified modules which are checked out
-			GIT_DIR="$sm_path/.git" git-rev-parse --git-dir >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+			GIT_DIR="$sm_path/.git" git rev-parse --git-dir >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
 			printf '%s\n' "$sm_path"
 		done
 	)
@@ -1079,7 +794,7 @@ cmd_summary() {
 	git $diff_cmd $cached --ignore-submodules=dirty --raw $head -- $modules |
 	sane_egrep '^:([0-7]* )?160000' |
 	cut -c2- |
-	while read mod_src mod_dst sha1_src sha1_dst status name
+	while read -r mod_src mod_dst sha1_src sha1_dst status name
 	do
 		if test -z "$cached" &&
 			test $sha1_dst = 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
@@ -1103,14 +818,14 @@ cmd_summary() {
 		missing_dst=
 
 		test $mod_src = 160000 &&
-		! GIT_DIR="$name/.git" git-rev-parse -q --verify $sha1_src^0 >/dev/null &&
+		! GIT_DIR="$name/.git" git rev-parse -q --verify $sha1_src^0 >/dev/null &&
 		missing_src=t
 
 		test $mod_dst = 160000 &&
-		! GIT_DIR="$name/.git" git-rev-parse -q --verify $sha1_dst^0 >/dev/null &&
+		! GIT_DIR="$name/.git" git rev-parse -q --verify $sha1_dst^0 >/dev/null &&
 		missing_dst=t
 
-		display_name=$(relative_path "$name")
+		display_name=$(git submodule--helper relative-path "$name" "$wt_prefix")
 
 		total_commits=
 		case "$missing_src,$missing_dst" in
@@ -1222,51 +937,7 @@ cmd_status()
 		shift
 	done
 
-	module_list "$@" |
-	while read mode sha1 stage sm_path
-	do
-		die_if_unmatched "$mode"
-		name=$(module_name "$sm_path") || exit
-		url=$(git config submodule."$name".url)
-		displaypath=$(relative_path "$prefix$sm_path")
-		if test "$stage" = U
-		then
-			say "U$sha1 $displaypath"
-			continue
-		fi
-		if test -z "$url" ||
-		{
-			! test -d "$sm_path"/.git &&
-			! test -f "$sm_path"/.git
-		}
-		then
-			say "-$sha1 $displaypath"
-			continue;
-		fi
-		if git diff-files --ignore-submodules=dirty --quiet -- "$sm_path"
-		then
-			set_name_rev "$sm_path" "$sha1"
-			say " $sha1 $displaypath$revname"
-		else
-			if test -z "$cached"
-			then
-				sha1=$(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" && git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
-			fi
-			set_name_rev "$sm_path" "$sha1"
-			say "+$sha1 $displaypath$revname"
-		fi
-
-		if test -n "$recursive"
-		then
-			(
-				prefix="$displaypath/"
-				clear_local_git_env
-				cd "$sm_path" &&
-				eval cmd_status
-			) ||
-			die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to recurse into submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
-		fi
-	done
+	git ${wt_prefix:+-C "$wt_prefix"} ${prefix:+--super-prefix "$prefix"} submodule--helper status ${GIT_QUIET:+--quiet} ${cached:+--cached} ${recursive:+--recursive} "$@"
 }
 #
 # Sync remote urls for submodules
@@ -1298,56 +969,13 @@ cmd_sync()
 			;;
 		esac
 	done
-	cd_to_toplevel
-	module_list "$@" |
-	while read mode sha1 stage sm_path
-	do
-		die_if_unmatched "$mode"
-		name=$(module_name "$sm_path")
-		url=$(git config -f .gitmodules --get submodule."$name".url)
-
-		# Possibly a url relative to parent
-		case "$url" in
-		./*|../*)
-			# rewrite foo/bar as ../.. to find path from
-			# submodule work tree to superproject work tree
-			up_path="$(printf '%s\n' "$sm_path" | sed "s/[^/][^/]*/../g")" &&
-			# guarantee a trailing /
-			up_path=${up_path%/}/ &&
-			# path from submodule work tree to submodule origin repo
-			sub_origin_url=$(resolve_relative_url "$url" "$up_path") &&
-			# path from superproject work tree to submodule origin repo
-			super_config_url=$(resolve_relative_url "$url") || exit
-			;;
-		*)
-			sub_origin_url="$url"
-			super_config_url="$url"
-			;;
-		esac
-
-		if git config "submodule.$name.url" >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
-		then
-			displaypath=$(relative_path "$prefix$sm_path")
-			say "$(eval_gettext "Synchronizing submodule url for '\$displaypath'")"
-			git config submodule."$name".url "$super_config_url"
 
-			if test -e "$sm_path"/.git
-			then
-			(
-				clear_local_git_env
-				cd "$sm_path"
-				remote=$(get_default_remote)
-				git config remote."$remote".url "$sub_origin_url"
+	git ${wt_prefix:+-C "$wt_prefix"} ${prefix:+--super-prefix "$prefix"} submodule--helper sync ${GIT_QUIET:+--quiet} ${recursive:+--recursive} "$@"
+}
 
-				if test -n "$recursive"
-				then
-					prefix="$prefix$sm_path/"
-					eval cmd_sync
-				fi
-			)
-			fi
-		fi
-	done
+cmd_absorbgitdirs()
+{
+	git submodule--helper absorb-git-dirs --prefix "$wt_prefix" "$@"
 }
 
 # This loop parses the command line arguments to find the
@@ -1359,7 +987,7 @@ cmd_sync()
 while test $# != 0 && test -z "$command"
 do
 	case "$1" in
-	add | foreach | init | deinit | update | status | summary | sync)
+	add | foreach | init | deinit | update | status | summary | sync | absorbgitdirs)
 		command=$1
 		;;
 	-q|--quiet)
diff --git a/git-svn.perl b/git-svn.perl
index 36f7240c99..050f2a36f4 100755
--- a/git-svn.perl
+++ b/git-svn.perl
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ use Git qw(
 	command_close_pipe
 	command_bidi_pipe
 	command_close_bidi_pipe
+	get_record
 );
 
 BEGIN {
@@ -339,7 +340,7 @@ if ($cmd && $cmd =~ /(?:clone|init|multi-init)$/) {
 			die "failed to open $ENV{GIT_DIR}: $!\n";
 		$ENV{GIT_DIR} = $1 if <$fh> =~ /^gitdir: (.+)$/;
 	}
-} else {
+} elsif ($cmd) {
 	my ($git_dir, $cdup);
 	git_cmd_try {
 		$git_dir = command_oneline([qw/rev-parse --git-dir/]);
@@ -356,7 +357,7 @@ if ($cmd && $cmd =~ /(?:clone|init|multi-init)$/) {
 
 my %opts = %{$cmd{$cmd}->[2]} if (defined $cmd);
 
-read_git_config(\%opts);
+read_git_config(\%opts) if $ENV{GIT_DIR};
 if ($cmd && ($cmd eq 'log' || $cmd eq 'blame')) {
 	Getopt::Long::Configure('pass_through');
 }
@@ -373,7 +374,8 @@ version() if $_version;
 usage(1) unless defined $cmd;
 load_authors() if $_authors;
 if (defined $_authors_prog) {
-	$_authors_prog = "'" . File::Spec->rel2abs($_authors_prog) . "'";
+	my $abs_file = File::Spec->rel2abs($_authors_prog);
+	$_authors_prog = "'" . $abs_file . "'" if -x $abs_file;
 }
 
 unless ($cmd =~ /^(?:clone|init|multi-init|commit-diff)$/) {
@@ -507,7 +509,10 @@ sub init_subdir {
 
 sub cmd_clone {
 	my ($url, $path) = @_;
-	if (!defined $path &&
+	if (!$url) {
+		die "SVN repository location required ",
+		    "as a command-line argument\n";
+	} elsif (!defined $path &&
 	    (defined $_trunk || @_branches || @_tags ||
 	     defined $_stdlayout) &&
 	    $url !~ m#^[a-z\+]+://#) {
@@ -927,6 +932,7 @@ sub cmd_dcommit {
 		# information from different SVN repos, and paths
 		# which are not underneath this repository root.
 		my $rooturl = $gs->repos_root;
+	        Git::SVN::remove_username($rooturl);
 		foreach my $d (@$linear_refs) {
 			my %parentshash;
 			read_commit_parents(\%parentshash, $d);
@@ -1171,10 +1177,10 @@ sub cmd_branch {
 	::_req_svn();
 	require SVN::Client;
 
+	my ($config, $baton, undef) = Git::SVN::Ra::prepare_config_once();
 	my $ctx = SVN::Client->new(
-		config => SVN::Core::config_get_config(
-			$Git::SVN::Ra::config_dir
-		),
+		auth => $baton,
+		config => $config,
 		log_msg => sub {
 			${ $_[0] } = defined $_message
 				? $_message
@@ -1195,6 +1201,11 @@ sub cmd_branch {
 	$ctx->copy($src, $rev, $dst)
 		unless $_dry_run;
 
+	# Release resources held by ctx before creating another SVN::Ra
+	# so destruction is orderly.  This seems necessary with SVN 1.9.5
+	# to avoid segfaults.
+	$ctx = undef;
+
 	$gs->fetch_all;
 }
 
@@ -1696,7 +1707,7 @@ sub cmd_gc {
 		     "files will not be compressed.\n";
 	}
 	File::Find::find({ wanted => \&gc_directory, no_chdir => 1},
-			 "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn");
+			 Git::SVN::svn_dir());
 }
 
 ########################### utility functions #########################
@@ -1730,7 +1741,7 @@ sub post_fetch_checkout {
 	return unless verify_ref('HEAD^0');
 
 	return if $ENV{GIT_DIR} !~ m#^(?:.*/)?\.git$#;
-	my $index = $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} || "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/index";
+	my $index = command_oneline(qw(rev-parse --git-path index));
 	return if -f $index;
 
 	return if command_oneline(qw/rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree/) eq 'false';
@@ -1745,11 +1756,12 @@ sub post_fetch_checkout {
 
 sub complete_svn_url {
 	my ($url, $path) = @_;
-	$path = canonicalize_path($path);
 
-	# If the path is not a URL...
-	if ($path !~ m#^[a-z\+]+://#) {
-		if (!defined $url || $url !~ m#^[a-z\+]+://#) {
+	if ($path =~ m#^[a-z\+]+://#i) { # path is a URL
+		$path = canonicalize_url($path);
+	} else {
+		$path = canonicalize_path($path);
+		if (!defined $url || $url !~ m#^[a-z\+]+://#i) {
 			fatal("E: '$path' is not a complete URL ",
 			      "and a separate URL is not specified");
 		}
@@ -1764,11 +1776,12 @@ sub complete_url_ls_init {
 		print STDERR "W: $switch not specified\n";
 		return;
 	}
-	$repo_path = canonicalize_path($repo_path);
-	if ($repo_path =~ m#^[a-z\+]+://#) {
+	if ($repo_path =~ m#^[a-z\+]+://#i) {
+		$repo_path = canonicalize_url($repo_path);
 		$ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($repo_path);
 		$repo_path = '';
 	} else {
+		$repo_path = canonicalize_path($repo_path);
 		$repo_path =~ s#^/+##;
 		unless ($ra) {
 			fatal("E: '$repo_path' is not a complete URL ",
@@ -1830,8 +1843,9 @@ sub get_tree_from_treeish {
 sub get_commit_entry {
 	my ($treeish) = shift;
 	my %log_entry = ( log => '', tree => get_tree_from_treeish($treeish) );
-	my $commit_editmsg = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/COMMIT_EDITMSG";
-	my $commit_msg = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/COMMIT_MSG";
+	my @git_path = qw(rev-parse --git-path);
+	my $commit_editmsg = command_oneline(@git_path, 'COMMIT_EDITMSG');
+	my $commit_msg = command_oneline(@git_path, 'COMMIT_MSG');
 	open my $log_fh, '>', $commit_editmsg or croak $!;
 
 	my $type = command_oneline(qw/cat-file -t/, $treeish);
@@ -1858,6 +1872,7 @@ sub get_commit_entry {
 			}
 		}
 		$msgbuf =~ s/\s+$//s;
+		$msgbuf =~ s/\r\n/\n/sg; # SVN 1.6+ disallows CRLF
 		if ($Git::SVN::_add_author_from && defined($author)
 		    && !$saw_from) {
 			$msgbuf .= "\n\nFrom: $author";
@@ -1875,10 +1890,9 @@ sub get_commit_entry {
 	{
 		require Encode;
 		# SVN requires messages to be UTF-8 when entering the repo
-		local $/;
 		open $log_fh, '<', $commit_msg or croak $!;
 		binmode $log_fh;
-		chomp($log_entry{log} = <$log_fh>);
+		chomp($log_entry{log} = get_record($log_fh, undef));
 
 		my $enc = Git::config('i18n.commitencoding') || 'UTF-8';
 		my $msg = $log_entry{log};
@@ -1924,7 +1938,7 @@ sub load_authors {
 	my $log = $cmd eq 'log';
 	while (<$authors>) {
 		chomp;
-		next unless /^(.+?|\(no author\))\s*=\s*(.+?)\s*<(.+)>\s*$/;
+		next unless /^(.+?|\(no author\))\s*=\s*(.+?)\s*<(.*)>\s*$/;
 		my ($user, $name, $email) = ($1, $2, $3);
 		if ($log) {
 			$Git::SVN::Log::rusers{"$name <$email>"} = $user;
diff --git a/git.c b/git.c
index 8b5659b208..c27c38738b 100644
--- a/git.c
+++ b/git.c
@@ -1,58 +1,101 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "help.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "alias.h"
+
+#define RUN_SETUP		(1<<0)
+#define RUN_SETUP_GENTLY	(1<<1)
+#define USE_PAGER		(1<<2)
+/*
+ * require working tree to be present -- anything uses this needs
+ * RUN_SETUP for reading from the configuration file.
+ */
+#define NEED_WORK_TREE		(1<<3)
+#define SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX	(1<<4)
+#define DELAY_PAGER_CONFIG	(1<<5)
+#define NO_PARSEOPT		(1<<6) /* parse-options is not used */
+
+struct cmd_struct {
+	const char *cmd;
+	int (*fn)(int, const char **, const char *);
+	unsigned int option;
+};
 
 const char git_usage_string[] =
-	"git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c name=value]\n"
-	"           [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
-	"           [-p | --paginate | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]\n"
-	"           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]\n"
-	"           <command> [<args>]";
+	N_("git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]\n"
+	   "           [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
+	   "           [-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]\n"
+	   "           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]\n"
+	   "           <command> [<args>]");
 
 const char git_more_info_string[] =
 	N_("'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some\n"
 	   "concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
 	   "to read about a specific subcommand or concept.");
 
-static struct startup_info git_startup_info;
 static int use_pager = -1;
-static char *orig_cwd;
-static const char *env_names[] = {
-	GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT,
-	GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT,
-	GIT_IMPLICIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT,
-	GIT_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT
-};
-static char *orig_env[4];
-static int saved_environment;
 
-static void save_env(void)
+static void list_builtins(struct string_list *list, unsigned int exclude_option);
+
+static void exclude_helpers_from_list(struct string_list *list)
 {
-	int i;
-	if (saved_environment)
-		return;
-	saved_environment = 1;
-	orig_cwd = xgetcwd();
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(env_names); i++) {
-		orig_env[i] = getenv(env_names[i]);
-		if (orig_env[i])
-			orig_env[i] = xstrdup(orig_env[i]);
+	int i = 0;
+
+	while (i < list->nr) {
+		if (strstr(list->items[i].string, "--"))
+			unsorted_string_list_delete_item(list, i, 0);
+		else
+			i++;
 	}
 }
 
-static void restore_env(void)
+static int match_token(const char *spec, int len, const char *token)
+{
+	int token_len = strlen(token);
+
+	return len == token_len && !strncmp(spec, token, token_len);
+}
+
+static int list_cmds(const char *spec)
 {
+	struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	int i;
-	if (orig_cwd && chdir(orig_cwd))
-		die_errno("could not move to %s", orig_cwd);
-	free(orig_cwd);
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(env_names); i++) {
-		if (orig_env[i])
-			setenv(env_names[i], orig_env[i], 1);
+
+	while (*spec) {
+		const char *sep = strchrnul(spec, ',');
+		int len = sep - spec;
+
+		if (match_token(spec, len, "builtins"))
+			list_builtins(&list, 0);
+		else if (match_token(spec, len, "main"))
+			list_all_main_cmds(&list);
+		else if (match_token(spec, len, "others"))
+			list_all_other_cmds(&list);
+		else if (match_token(spec, len, "nohelpers"))
+			exclude_helpers_from_list(&list);
+		else if (match_token(spec, len, "alias"))
+			list_aliases(&list);
+		else if (match_token(spec, len, "config"))
+			list_cmds_by_config(&list);
+		else if (len > 5 && !strncmp(spec, "list-", 5)) {
+			struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+			strbuf_add(&sb, spec + 5, len - 5);
+			list_cmds_by_category(&list, sb.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&sb);
+		}
 		else
-			unsetenv(env_names[i]);
+			die(_("unsupported command listing type '%s'"), spec);
+		spec += len;
+		if (*spec == ',')
+			spec++;
 	}
+	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
+		puts(list.items[i].string);
+	string_list_clear(&list, 0);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static void commit_pager_choice(void) {
@@ -68,6 +111,16 @@ static void commit_pager_choice(void) {
 	}
 }
 
+void setup_auto_pager(const char *cmd, int def)
+{
+	if (use_pager != -1 || pager_in_use())
+		return;
+	use_pager = check_pager_config(cmd);
+	if (use_pager == -1)
+		use_pager = def;
+	commit_pager_choice();
+}
+
 static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
 {
 	const char **orig_argv = *argv;
@@ -90,7 +143,7 @@ static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
 		 */
 		if (skip_prefix(cmd, "--exec-path", &cmd)) {
 			if (*cmd == '=')
-				git_set_argv_exec_path(cmd + 1);
+				git_set_exec_path(cmd + 1);
 			else {
 				puts(git_exec_path());
 				exit(0);
@@ -106,18 +159,18 @@ static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
 			exit(0);
 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "-p") || !strcmp(cmd, "--paginate")) {
 			use_pager = 1;
-		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--no-pager")) {
+		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "-P") || !strcmp(cmd, "--no-pager")) {
 			use_pager = 0;
 			if (envchanged)
 				*envchanged = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--no-replace-objects")) {
-			check_replace_refs = 0;
+			read_replace_refs = 0;
 			setenv(NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS_ENVIRONMENT, "1", 1);
 			if (envchanged)
 				*envchanged = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--git-dir")) {
 			if (*argc < 2) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "No directory given for --git-dir.\n" );
+				fprintf(stderr, _("no directory given for --git-dir\n" ));
 				usage(git_usage_string);
 			}
 			setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, (*argv)[1], 1);
@@ -131,7 +184,7 @@ static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
 				*envchanged = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--namespace")) {
 			if (*argc < 2) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "No namespace given for --namespace.\n" );
+				fprintf(stderr, _("no namespace given for --namespace\n" ));
 				usage(git_usage_string);
 			}
 			setenv(GIT_NAMESPACE_ENVIRONMENT, (*argv)[1], 1);
@@ -145,7 +198,7 @@ static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
 				*envchanged = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--work-tree")) {
 			if (*argc < 2) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "No directory given for --work-tree.\n" );
+				fprintf(stderr, _("no directory given for --work-tree\n" ));
 				usage(git_usage_string);
 			}
 			setenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, (*argv)[1], 1);
@@ -157,6 +210,20 @@ static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
 			setenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, cmd, 1);
 			if (envchanged)
 				*envchanged = 1;
+		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--super-prefix")) {
+			if (*argc < 2) {
+				fprintf(stderr, _("no prefix given for --super-prefix\n" ));
+				usage(git_usage_string);
+			}
+			setenv(GIT_SUPER_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT, (*argv)[1], 1);
+			if (envchanged)
+				*envchanged = 1;
+			(*argv)++;
+			(*argc)--;
+		} else if (skip_prefix(cmd, "--super-prefix=", &cmd)) {
+			setenv(GIT_SUPER_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT, cmd, 1);
+			if (envchanged)
+				*envchanged = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--bare")) {
 			char *cwd = xgetcwd();
 			is_bare_repository_cfg = 1;
@@ -167,7 +234,7 @@ static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
 				*envchanged = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "-c")) {
 			if (*argc < 2) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "-c expects a configuration string\n" );
+				fprintf(stderr, _("-c expects a configuration string\n" ));
 				usage(git_usage_string);
 			}
 			git_config_push_parameter((*argv)[1]);
@@ -193,25 +260,44 @@ static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
 			setenv(GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT, "1", 1);
 			if (envchanged)
 				*envchanged = 1;
+		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--no-optional-locks")) {
+			setenv(GIT_OPTIONAL_LOCKS_ENVIRONMENT, "0", 1);
+			if (envchanged)
+				*envchanged = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--shallow-file")) {
 			(*argv)++;
 			(*argc)--;
-			set_alternate_shallow_file((*argv)[0], 1);
+			set_alternate_shallow_file(the_repository, (*argv)[0], 1);
 			if (envchanged)
 				*envchanged = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "-C")) {
 			if (*argc < 2) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "No directory given for -C.\n" );
+				fprintf(stderr, _("no directory given for -C\n" ));
 				usage(git_usage_string);
 			}
-			if (chdir((*argv)[1]))
-				die_errno("Cannot change to '%s'", (*argv)[1]);
-			if (envchanged)
-				*envchanged = 1;
+			if ((*argv)[1][0]) {
+				if (chdir((*argv)[1]))
+					die_errno("cannot change to '%s'", (*argv)[1]);
+				if (envchanged)
+					*envchanged = 1;
+			}
 			(*argv)++;
 			(*argc)--;
+		} else if (skip_prefix(cmd, "--list-cmds=", &cmd)) {
+			if (!strcmp(cmd, "parseopt")) {
+				struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+				int i;
+
+				list_builtins(&list, NO_PARSEOPT);
+				for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
+					printf("%s ", list.items[i].string);
+				string_list_clear(&list, 0);
+				exit(0);
+			} else {
+				exit(list_cmds(cmd));
+			}
 		} else {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Unknown option: %s\n", cmd);
+			fprintf(stderr, _("unknown option: %s\n"), cmd);
 			usage(git_usage_string);
 		}
 
@@ -224,36 +310,32 @@ static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
 static int handle_alias(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 {
 	int envchanged = 0, ret = 0, saved_errno = errno;
-	const char *subdir;
 	int count, option_count;
 	const char **new_argv;
 	const char *alias_command;
 	char *alias_string;
-	int unused_nongit;
-
-	subdir = setup_git_directory_gently(&unused_nongit);
 
 	alias_command = (*argv)[0];
 	alias_string = alias_lookup(alias_command);
 	if (alias_string) {
 		if (alias_string[0] == '!') {
-			const char **alias_argv;
-			int argc = *argcp, i;
+			struct child_process child = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+			int nongit_ok;
+
+			/* Aliases expect GIT_PREFIX, GIT_DIR etc to be set */
+			setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit_ok);
 
 			commit_pager_choice();
 
-			/* build alias_argv */
-			alias_argv = xmalloc(sizeof(*alias_argv) * (argc + 1));
-			alias_argv[0] = alias_string + 1;
-			for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
-				alias_argv[i] = (*argv)[i];
-			alias_argv[argc] = NULL;
+			child.use_shell = 1;
+			argv_array_push(&child.args, alias_string + 1);
+			argv_array_pushv(&child.args, (*argv) + 1);
 
-			ret = run_command_v_opt(alias_argv, RUN_USING_SHELL);
+			ret = run_command(&child);
 			if (ret >= 0)   /* normal exit */
 				exit(ret);
 
-			die_errno("While expanding alias '%s': '%s'",
+			die_errno("while expanding alias '%s': '%s'",
 			    alias_command, alias_string + 1);
 		}
 		count = split_cmdline(alias_string, &new_argv);
@@ -262,8 +344,8 @@ static int handle_alias(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 			    split_cmdline_strerror(count));
 		option_count = handle_options(&new_argv, &count, &envchanged);
 		if (envchanged)
-			die("alias '%s' changes environment variables\n"
-				 "You can use '!git' in the alias to do this.",
+			die("alias '%s' changes environment variables.\n"
+				 "You can use '!git' in the alias to do this",
 				 alias_command);
 		memmove(new_argv - option_count, new_argv,
 				count * sizeof(char *));
@@ -289,30 +371,11 @@ static int handle_alias(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 		ret = 1;
 	}
 
-	if (subdir && chdir(subdir))
-		die_errno("Cannot change to '%s'", subdir);
-
 	errno = saved_errno;
 
 	return ret;
 }
 
-#define RUN_SETUP		(1<<0)
-#define RUN_SETUP_GENTLY	(1<<1)
-#define USE_PAGER		(1<<2)
-/*
- * require working tree to be present -- anything uses this needs
- * RUN_SETUP for reading from the configuration file.
- */
-#define NEED_WORK_TREE		(1<<3)
-#define NO_SETUP		(1<<4)
-
-struct cmd_struct {
-	const char *cmd;
-	int (*fn)(int, const char **, const char *);
-	int option;
-};
-
 static int run_builtin(struct cmd_struct *p, int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	int status, help;
@@ -329,7 +392,8 @@ static int run_builtin(struct cmd_struct *p, int argc, const char **argv)
 			prefix = setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit_ok);
 		}
 
-		if (use_pager == -1 && p->option & (RUN_SETUP | RUN_SETUP_GENTLY))
+		if (use_pager == -1 && p->option & (RUN_SETUP | RUN_SETUP_GENTLY) &&
+		    !(p->option & DELAY_PAGER_CONFIG))
 			use_pager = check_pager_config(p->cmd);
 		if (use_pager == -1 && p->option & USE_PAGER)
 			use_pager = 1;
@@ -340,12 +404,20 @@ static int run_builtin(struct cmd_struct *p, int argc, const char **argv)
 	}
 	commit_pager_choice();
 
+	if (!help && get_super_prefix()) {
+		if (!(p->option & SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX))
+			die("%s doesn't support --super-prefix", p->cmd);
+	}
+
 	if (!help && p->option & NEED_WORK_TREE)
 		setup_work_tree();
 
 	trace_argv_printf(argv, "trace: built-in: git");
 
+	validate_cache_entries(&the_index);
 	status = p->fn(argc, argv, prefix);
+	validate_cache_entries(&the_index);
+
 	if (status)
 		return status;
 
@@ -368,119 +440,130 @@ static int run_builtin(struct cmd_struct *p, int argc, const char **argv)
 
 static struct cmd_struct commands[] = {
 	{ "add", cmd_add, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
-	{ "annotate", cmd_annotate, RUN_SETUP },
+	{ "am", cmd_am, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
+	{ "annotate", cmd_annotate, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "apply", cmd_apply, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
-	{ "archive", cmd_archive },
+	{ "archive", cmd_archive, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
 	{ "bisect--helper", cmd_bisect__helper, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "blame", cmd_blame, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "branch", cmd_branch, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "bundle", cmd_bundle, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
+	{ "branch", cmd_branch, RUN_SETUP | DELAY_PAGER_CONFIG },
+	{ "bundle", cmd_bundle, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "cat-file", cmd_cat_file, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "check-attr", cmd_check_attr, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "check-ignore", cmd_check_ignore, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 	{ "check-mailmap", cmd_check_mailmap, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "check-ref-format", cmd_check_ref_format },
+	{ "check-ref-format", cmd_check_ref_format, NO_PARSEOPT  },
 	{ "checkout", cmd_checkout, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 	{ "checkout-index", cmd_checkout_index,
 		RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE},
 	{ "cherry", cmd_cherry, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "cherry-pick", cmd_cherry_pick, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 	{ "clean", cmd_clean, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
-	{ "clone", cmd_clone, NO_SETUP },
+	{ "clone", cmd_clone },
 	{ "column", cmd_column, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
 	{ "commit", cmd_commit, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
-	{ "commit-tree", cmd_commit_tree, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "config", cmd_config, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
+	{ "commit-graph", cmd_commit_graph, RUN_SETUP },
+	{ "commit-tree", cmd_commit_tree, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "config", cmd_config, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | DELAY_PAGER_CONFIG },
 	{ "count-objects", cmd_count_objects, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "credential", cmd_credential, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
+	{ "credential", cmd_credential, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "describe", cmd_describe, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "diff", cmd_diff },
-	{ "diff-files", cmd_diff_files, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
-	{ "diff-index", cmd_diff_index, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "diff-tree", cmd_diff_tree, RUN_SETUP },
+	{ "diff", cmd_diff, NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "diff-files", cmd_diff_files, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE | NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "diff-index", cmd_diff_index, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "diff-tree", cmd_diff_tree, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "difftool", cmd_difftool, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 	{ "fast-export", cmd_fast_export, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "fetch", cmd_fetch, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "fetch-pack", cmd_fetch_pack, RUN_SETUP },
+	{ "fetch-pack", cmd_fetch_pack, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "fmt-merge-msg", cmd_fmt_merge_msg, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "for-each-ref", cmd_for_each_ref, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "format-patch", cmd_format_patch, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "fsck", cmd_fsck, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "fsck-objects", cmd_fsck, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "gc", cmd_gc, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "get-tar-commit-id", cmd_get_tar_commit_id },
+	{ "get-tar-commit-id", cmd_get_tar_commit_id, NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "grep", cmd_grep, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
 	{ "hash-object", cmd_hash_object },
 	{ "help", cmd_help },
-	{ "index-pack", cmd_index_pack, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
-	{ "init", cmd_init_db, NO_SETUP },
-	{ "init-db", cmd_init_db, NO_SETUP },
-	{ "interpret-trailers", cmd_interpret_trailers, RUN_SETUP },
+	{ "index-pack", cmd_index_pack, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "init", cmd_init_db },
+	{ "init-db", cmd_init_db },
+	{ "interpret-trailers", cmd_interpret_trailers, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
 	{ "log", cmd_log, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "ls-files", cmd_ls_files, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "ls-remote", cmd_ls_remote, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
 	{ "ls-tree", cmd_ls_tree, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "mailinfo", cmd_mailinfo },
-	{ "mailsplit", cmd_mailsplit },
+	{ "mailinfo", cmd_mailinfo, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "mailsplit", cmd_mailsplit, NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "merge", cmd_merge, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 	{ "merge-base", cmd_merge_base, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "merge-file", cmd_merge_file, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
-	{ "merge-index", cmd_merge_index, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "merge-ours", cmd_merge_ours, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "merge-recursive", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
-	{ "merge-recursive-ours", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
-	{ "merge-recursive-theirs", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
-	{ "merge-subtree", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
-	{ "merge-tree", cmd_merge_tree, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "mktag", cmd_mktag, RUN_SETUP },
+	{ "merge-index", cmd_merge_index, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "merge-ours", cmd_merge_ours, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "merge-recursive", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE | NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "merge-recursive-ours", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE | NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "merge-recursive-theirs", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE | NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "merge-subtree", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE | NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "merge-tree", cmd_merge_tree, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "mktag", cmd_mktag, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "mktree", cmd_mktree, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "mv", cmd_mv, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 	{ "name-rev", cmd_name_rev, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "notes", cmd_notes, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "pack-objects", cmd_pack_objects, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "pack-redundant", cmd_pack_redundant, RUN_SETUP },
+	{ "pack-redundant", cmd_pack_redundant, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "pack-refs", cmd_pack_refs, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "patch-id", cmd_patch_id },
+	{ "patch-id", cmd_patch_id, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "pickaxe", cmd_blame, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "prune", cmd_prune, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "prune-packed", cmd_prune_packed, RUN_SETUP },
+	{ "pull", cmd_pull, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 	{ "push", cmd_push, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "read-tree", cmd_read_tree, RUN_SETUP },
+	{ "range-diff", cmd_range_diff, RUN_SETUP | USE_PAGER },
+	{ "read-tree", cmd_read_tree, RUN_SETUP | SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX},
+	{ "rebase--helper", cmd_rebase__helper, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 	{ "receive-pack", cmd_receive_pack },
 	{ "reflog", cmd_reflog, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "remote", cmd_remote, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "remote-ext", cmd_remote_ext },
-	{ "remote-fd", cmd_remote_fd },
+	{ "remote-ext", cmd_remote_ext, NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "remote-fd", cmd_remote_fd, NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "repack", cmd_repack, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "replace", cmd_replace, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "rerere", cmd_rerere, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "reset", cmd_reset, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "rev-list", cmd_rev_list, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "rev-parse", cmd_rev_parse },
+	{ "rev-list", cmd_rev_list, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "rev-parse", cmd_rev_parse, NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "revert", cmd_revert, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 	{ "rm", cmd_rm, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "send-pack", cmd_send_pack, RUN_SETUP },
+	{ "serve", cmd_serve, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "shortlog", cmd_shortlog, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | USE_PAGER },
 	{ "show", cmd_show, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "show-branch", cmd_show_branch, RUN_SETUP },
+	{ "show-index", cmd_show_index },
 	{ "show-ref", cmd_show_ref, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "stage", cmd_add, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 	{ "status", cmd_status, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 	{ "stripspace", cmd_stripspace },
+	{ "submodule--helper", cmd_submodule__helper, RUN_SETUP | SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX | NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "symbolic-ref", cmd_symbolic_ref, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "tag", cmd_tag, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "unpack-file", cmd_unpack_file, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "unpack-objects", cmd_unpack_objects, RUN_SETUP },
+	{ "tag", cmd_tag, RUN_SETUP | DELAY_PAGER_CONFIG },
+	{ "unpack-file", cmd_unpack_file, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "unpack-objects", cmd_unpack_objects, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "update-index", cmd_update_index, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "update-ref", cmd_update_ref, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "update-server-info", cmd_update_server_info, RUN_SETUP },
-	{ "upload-archive", cmd_upload_archive },
-	{ "upload-archive--writer", cmd_upload_archive_writer },
-	{ "var", cmd_var, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
+	{ "upload-archive", cmd_upload_archive, NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "upload-archive--writer", cmd_upload_archive_writer, NO_PARSEOPT },
+	{ "upload-pack", cmd_upload_pack },
+	{ "var", cmd_var, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "verify-commit", cmd_verify_commit, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "verify-pack", cmd_verify_pack },
 	{ "verify-tag", cmd_verify_tag, RUN_SETUP },
 	{ "version", cmd_version },
 	{ "whatchanged", cmd_whatchanged, RUN_SETUP },
+	{ "worktree", cmd_worktree, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
 	{ "write-tree", cmd_write_tree, RUN_SETUP },
 };
 
@@ -500,71 +583,92 @@ int is_builtin(const char *s)
 	return !!get_builtin(s);
 }
 
-static void handle_builtin(int argc, const char **argv)
+static void list_builtins(struct string_list *out, unsigned int exclude_option)
 {
-	const char *cmd = argv[0];
 	int i;
-	static const char ext[] = STRIP_EXTENSION;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(commands); i++) {
+		if (exclude_option &&
+		    (commands[i].option & exclude_option))
+			continue;
+		string_list_append(out, commands[i].cmd);
+	}
+}
+
+#ifdef STRIP_EXTENSION
+static void strip_extension(const char **argv)
+{
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (strip_suffix(argv[0], STRIP_EXTENSION, &len))
+		argv[0] = xmemdupz(argv[0], len);
+}
+#else
+#define strip_extension(cmd)
+#endif
+
+static void handle_builtin(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct argv_array args = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	const char *cmd;
 	struct cmd_struct *builtin;
 
-	if (sizeof(ext) > 1) {
-		i = strlen(argv[0]) - strlen(ext);
-		if (i > 0 && !strcmp(argv[0] + i, ext)) {
-			char *argv0 = xstrdup(argv[0]);
-			argv[0] = cmd = argv0;
-			argv0[i] = '\0';
-		}
-	}
+	strip_extension(argv);
+	cmd = argv[0];
 
-	/* Turn "git cmd --help" into "git help cmd" */
+	/* Turn "git cmd --help" into "git help --exclude-guides cmd" */
 	if (argc > 1 && !strcmp(argv[1], "--help")) {
+		int i;
+
 		argv[1] = argv[0];
 		argv[0] = cmd = "help";
+
+		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+			argv_array_push(&args, argv[i]);
+			if (!i)
+				argv_array_push(&args, "--exclude-guides");
+		}
+
+		argc++;
+		argv = args.argv;
 	}
 
 	builtin = get_builtin(cmd);
-	if (builtin) {
-		if (saved_environment && (builtin->option & NO_SETUP))
-			restore_env();
-		else
-			exit(run_builtin(builtin, argc, argv));
-	}
+	if (builtin)
+		exit(run_builtin(builtin, argc, argv));
+	argv_array_clear(&args);
 }
 
 static void execv_dashed_external(const char **argv)
 {
-	struct strbuf cmd = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *tmp;
+	struct child_process cmd = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 	int status;
 
-	if (use_pager == -1)
+	if (get_super_prefix())
+		die("%s doesn't support --super-prefix", argv[0]);
+
+	if (use_pager == -1 && !is_builtin(argv[0]))
 		use_pager = check_pager_config(argv[0]);
 	commit_pager_choice();
 
-	strbuf_addf(&cmd, "git-%s", argv[0]);
+	argv_array_pushf(&cmd.args, "git-%s", argv[0]);
+	argv_array_pushv(&cmd.args, argv + 1);
+	cmd.clean_on_exit = 1;
+	cmd.wait_after_clean = 1;
+	cmd.silent_exec_failure = 1;
 
-	/*
-	 * argv[0] must be the git command, but the argv array
-	 * belongs to the caller, and may be reused in
-	 * subsequent loop iterations. Save argv[0] and
-	 * restore it on error.
-	 */
-	tmp = argv[0];
-	argv[0] = cmd.buf;
-
-	trace_argv_printf(argv, "trace: exec:");
+	trace_argv_printf(cmd.args.argv, "trace: exec:");
 
 	/*
-	 * if we fail because the command is not found, it is
-	 * OK to return. Otherwise, we just pass along the status code.
+	 * If we fail because the command is not found, it is
+	 * OK to return. Otherwise, we just pass along the status code,
+	 * or our usual generic code if we were not even able to exec
+	 * the program.
 	 */
-	status = run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_SILENT_EXEC_FAILURE | RUN_CLEAN_ON_EXIT);
-	if (status >= 0 || errno != ENOENT)
+	status = run_command(&cmd);
+	if (status >= 0)
 		exit(status);
-
-	argv[0] = tmp;
-
-	strbuf_release(&cmd);
+	else if (errno != ENOENT)
+		exit(128);
 }
 
 static int run_argv(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
@@ -572,8 +676,17 @@ static int run_argv(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 	int done_alias = 0;
 
 	while (1) {
-		/* See if it's a builtin */
-		handle_builtin(*argcp, *argv);
+		/*
+		 * If we tried alias and futzed with our environment,
+		 * it no longer is safe to invoke builtins directly in
+		 * general.  We have to spawn them as dashed externals.
+		 *
+		 * NEEDSWORK: if we can figure out cases
+		 * where it is safe to do, we can avoid spawning a new
+		 * process.
+		 */
+		if (!done_alias)
+			handle_builtin(*argcp, *argv);
 
 		/* .. then try the external ones */
 		execv_dashed_external(*argv);
@@ -584,7 +697,6 @@ static int run_argv(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 		 */
 		if (done_alias)
 			break;
-		save_env();
 		if (!handle_alias(argcp, argv))
 			break;
 		done_alias = 1;
@@ -593,49 +705,19 @@ static int run_argv(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 	return done_alias;
 }
 
-/*
- * Many parts of Git have subprograms communicate via pipe, expect the
- * upstream of a pipe to die with SIGPIPE when the downstream of a
- * pipe does not need to read all that is written.  Some third-party
- * programs that ignore or block SIGPIPE for their own reason forget
- * to restore SIGPIPE handling to the default before spawning Git and
- * break this carefully orchestrated machinery.
- *
- * Restore the way SIGPIPE is handled to default, which is what we
- * expect.
- */
-static void restore_sigpipe_to_default(void)
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-	sigset_t unblock;
-
-	sigemptyset(&unblock);
-	sigaddset(&unblock, SIGPIPE);
-	sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &unblock, NULL);
-	signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char **av)
-{
-	const char **argv = (const char **) av;
 	const char *cmd;
 	int done_help = 0;
 
-	startup_info = &git_startup_info;
-
-	cmd = git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+	cmd = argv[0];
 	if (!cmd)
 		cmd = "git-help";
-
-	/*
-	 * Always open file descriptors 0/1/2 to avoid clobbering files
-	 * in die().  It also avoids messing up when the pipes are dup'ed
-	 * onto stdin/stdout/stderr in the child processes we spawn.
-	 */
-	sanitize_stdfds();
-
-	restore_sigpipe_to_default();
-
-	git_setup_gettext();
+	else {
+		const char *slash = find_last_dir_sep(cmd);
+		if (slash)
+			cmd = slash + 1;
+	}
 
 	trace_command_performance(argv);
 
@@ -685,8 +767,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **av)
 		if (errno != ENOENT)
 			break;
 		if (was_alias) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Expansion of alias '%s' failed; "
-				"'%s' is not a git command\n",
+			fprintf(stderr, _("expansion of alias '%s' failed; "
+					  "'%s' is not a git command\n"),
 				cmd, argv[0]);
 			exit(1);
 		}
@@ -697,7 +779,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **av)
 			break;
 	}
 
-	fprintf(stderr, "Failed to run command '%s': %s\n",
+	fprintf(stderr, _("failed to run command '%s': %s\n"),
 		cmd, strerror(errno));
 
 	return 1;
diff --git a/git.rc b/git.rc
index 33aafb786c..49002e0d54 100644
--- a/git.rc
+++ b/git.rc
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 1 VERSIONINFO
-FILEVERSION     MAJOR,MINOR,0,0
-PRODUCTVERSION  MAJOR,MINOR,0,0
+FILEVERSION     MAJOR,MINOR,MICRO,PATCHLEVEL
+PRODUCTVERSION  MAJOR,MINOR,MICRO,PATCHLEVEL
 BEGIN
   BLOCK "StringFileInfo"
   BEGIN
diff --git a/git.spec.in b/git.spec.in
deleted file mode 100644
index d61d537ef0..0000000000
--- a/git.spec.in
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,330 +0,0 @@
-# Pass --without docs to rpmbuild if you don't want the documentation
-
-Name: 		git
-Version: 	@@VERSION@@
-Release: 	1%{?dist}
-Summary:  	Core git tools
-License: 	GPL
-Group: 		Development/Tools
-URL: 		http://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/
-Source: 	http://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/%{name}-%{version}.tar.gz
-BuildRequires:	zlib-devel >= 1.2, openssl-devel, curl-devel, expat-devel, gettext  %{!?_without_docs:, xmlto, asciidoc > 6.0.3}
-BuildRoot:	%{_tmppath}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}-root-%(%{__id_u} -n)
-
-Requires:	perl-Git = %{version}-%{release}
-Requires:	zlib >= 1.2, rsync, less, openssh-clients, expat
-Provides:	git-core = %{version}-%{release}
-Obsoletes:	git-core <= 1.5.4.2
-Obsoletes:	git-p4
-
-%description
-Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an
-unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations
-and full access to internals.
-
-The git rpm installs the core tools with minimal dependencies.  To
-install all git packages, including tools for integrating with other
-SCMs, install the git-all meta-package.
-
-%package all
-Summary:	Meta-package to pull in all git tools
-Group:		Development/Tools
-Requires:	git = %{version}-%{release}
-Requires:	git-svn = %{version}-%{release}
-Requires:	git-cvs = %{version}-%{release}
-Requires:	git-arch = %{version}-%{release}
-Requires:	git-email = %{version}-%{release}
-Requires:	gitk = %{version}-%{release}
-Requires:	gitweb = %{version}-%{release}
-Requires:	git-gui = %{version}-%{release}
-Obsoletes:	git <= 1.5.4.2
-
-%description all
-Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an
-unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations
-and full access to internals.
-
-This is a dummy package which brings in all subpackages.
-
-%package svn
-Summary:        Git tools for importing Subversion repositories
-Group:          Development/Tools
-Requires:       git = %{version}-%{release}, subversion
-%description svn
-Git tools for importing Subversion repositories.
-
-%package cvs
-Summary:        Git tools for importing CVS repositories
-Group:          Development/Tools
-Requires:       git = %{version}-%{release}, cvs, cvsps
-%description cvs
-Git tools for importing CVS repositories.
-
-%package arch
-Summary:        Git tools for importing Arch repositories
-Group:          Development/Tools
-Requires:       git = %{version}-%{release}, tla
-%description arch
-Git tools for importing Arch repositories.
-
-%package email
-Summary:        Git tools for sending email
-Group:          Development/Tools
-Requires:	git = %{version}-%{release}
-%description email
-Git tools for sending email.
-
-%package gui
-Summary:        Git GUI tool
-Group:          Development/Tools
-Requires:       git = %{version}-%{release}, tk >= 8.4
-%description gui
-Git GUI tool
-
-%package -n gitk
-Summary:        Git revision tree visualiser ('gitk')
-Group:          Development/Tools
-Requires:       git = %{version}-%{release}, tk >= 8.4
-%description -n gitk
-Git revision tree visualiser ('gitk')
-
-%package -n gitweb
-Summary:	Git web interface
-Group:          Development/Tools
-Requires:       git = %{version}-%{release}
-%description -n gitweb
-Browsing git repository on the web
-
-%package -n perl-Git
-Summary:        Perl interface to Git
-Group:          Development/Libraries
-Requires:       git = %{version}-%{release}
-Requires:       perl(:MODULE_COMPAT_%(eval "`%{__perl} -V:version`"; echo $version))
-BuildRequires:  perl(Error)
-BuildRequires:  perl(ExtUtils::MakeMaker)
-
-%description -n perl-Git
-Perl interface to Git
-
-%define path_settings ETC_GITCONFIG=/etc/gitconfig prefix=%{_prefix} mandir=%{_mandir} htmldir=%{_docdir}/%{name}-%{version}
-%{!?python_sitelib: %global python_sitelib %(%{__python} -c "from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_lib; print get_python_lib()")}
-
-%prep
-%setup -q
-
-%build
-make %{_smp_mflags} CFLAGS="$RPM_OPT_FLAGS" \
-     %{path_settings} \
-     all %{!?_without_docs: doc}
-
-%install
-rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
-make %{_smp_mflags} CFLAGS="$RPM_OPT_FLAGS" DESTDIR=$RPM_BUILD_ROOT \
-     %{path_settings} \
-     INSTALLDIRS=vendor install %{!?_without_docs: install-doc}
-test ! -d $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{python_sitelib} || rm -fr $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{python_sitelib}
-find $RPM_BUILD_ROOT -type f -name .packlist -exec rm -f {} ';'
-find $RPM_BUILD_ROOT -type f -name '*.bs' -empty -exec rm -f {} ';'
-find $RPM_BUILD_ROOT -type f -name perllocal.pod -exec rm -f {} ';'
-
-(find $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_bindir} -type f | grep -vE "archimport|svn|cvs|email|gitk|git-gui|git-citool" | sed -e s@^$RPM_BUILD_ROOT@@)               > bin-man-doc-files
-(find $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_libexecdir}/git-core -type f | grep -vE "archimport|svn|cvs|email|gitk|git-gui|git-citool" | sed -e s@^$RPM_BUILD_ROOT@@)               >> bin-man-doc-files
-(find $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{perl_vendorlib} -type f | sed -e s@^$RPM_BUILD_ROOT@@) >> perl-files
-%if %{!?_without_docs:1}0
-(find $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_mandir} $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/Documentation -type f | grep -vE "archimport|svn|git-cvs|email|gitk|git-gui|git-citool" | sed -e s@^$RPM_BUILD_ROOT@@ -e 's/$/*/' ) >> bin-man-doc-files
-%else
-rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_mandir}
-%endif
-rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_datadir}/locale
-
-mkdir -p $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_sysconfdir}/bash_completion.d
-install -m 644 -T contrib/completion/git-completion.bash $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_sysconfdir}/bash_completion.d/git
-
-%clean
-rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
-
-%files -f bin-man-doc-files
-%defattr(-,root,root)
-%{_datadir}/git-core/
-%doc README COPYING Documentation/*.txt
-%{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/*.html Documentation/howto}
-%{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/technical}
-%{_sysconfdir}/bash_completion.d
-
-%files svn
-%defattr(-,root,root)
-%{_libexecdir}/git-core/*svn*
-%doc Documentation/*svn*.txt
-%{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/*svn*.1*}
-%{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/*svn*.html }
-
-%files cvs
-%defattr(-,root,root)
-%doc Documentation/*git-cvs*.txt
-%{_bindir}/git-cvsserver
-%{_libexecdir}/git-core/*cvs*
-%{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/*cvs*.1*}
-%{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/*git-cvs*.html }
-
-%files arch
-%defattr(-,root,root)
-%doc Documentation/git-archimport.txt
-%{_libexecdir}/git-core/git-archimport
-%{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/git-archimport.1*}
-%{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/git-archimport.html }
-
-%files email
-%defattr(-,root,root)
-%doc Documentation/*email*.txt
-%{_libexecdir}/git-core/*email*
-%{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/*email*.1*}
-%{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/*email*.html }
-
-%files gui
-%defattr(-,root,root)
-%{_libexecdir}/git-core/git-gui
-%{_libexecdir}/git-core/git-citool
-%{_libexecdir}/git-core/git-gui--askpass
-%{_datadir}/git-gui/
-%{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/git-gui.1*}
-%{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/git-gui.html}
-%{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/git-citool.1*}
-%{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/git-citool.html}
-
-%files -n gitk
-%defattr(-,root,root)
-%doc Documentation/*gitk*.txt
-%{_bindir}/*gitk*
-%{_datadir}/gitk/
-%{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/*gitk*.1*}
-%{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/*gitk*.html }
-
-%files -n gitweb
-%defattr(-,root,root)
-%doc gitweb/README gitweb/INSTALL Documentation/*gitweb*.txt
-%{_datadir}/gitweb
-%{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man1/*gitweb*.1*}
-%{!?_without_docs: %{_mandir}/man5/*gitweb*.5*}
-%{!?_without_docs: %doc Documentation/*gitweb*.html }
-
-%files -n perl-Git -f perl-files
-%defattr(-,root,root)
-
-%files all
-# No files for you!
-
-%changelog
-* Sun Sep 18 2011 Jakub Narebski <jnareb@gmail.com>
-- Add gitweb manpages to 'gitweb' subpackage
-
-* Wed Jun 30 2010 Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-- Add 'gitweb' subpackage.
-
-* Fri Mar 26 2010 Ian Ward Comfort <icomfort@stanford.edu>
-- Ship bash completion support from contrib/ in the core package.
-
-* Sun Jan 31 2010 Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-- Do not use %define inside %{!?...} construct.
-
-* Sat Jan 30 2010 Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-- We don't ship Python bits until a real foreign scm interface comes.
-
-* Mon Feb 04 2009 David J. Mellor <dmellor@whistlingcat.com>
-- fixed broken git help -w after renaming the git-core package to git.
-
-* Fri Sep 12 2008 Quy Tonthat <qtonthat@gmail.com>
-- move git-cvsserver to bindir.
-
-* Sun Jun 15 2008 Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-- Remove curl from Requires list.
-
-* Fri Feb 15 2008 Kristian Høgsberg <krh@redhat.com>
-- Rename git-core to just git and rename meta package from git to git-all.
-
-* Sun Feb 03 2008 James Bowes <jbowes@dangerouslyinc.com>
-- Add a BuildRequires for gettext
-
-* Fri Jan 11 2008 Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-- Include gitk message files
-
-* Sun Jan 06 2008 James Bowes <jbowes@dangerouslyinc.com>
-- Make the metapackage require the same version of the subpackages.
-
-* Wed Dec 12 2007 Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-- Adjust htmldir to point at /usr/share/doc/git-core-$version/
-
-* Sun Jul 15 2007 Sean Estabrooks <seanlkml@sympatico.ca>
-- Removed p4import.
-
-* Tue Jun 26 2007 Quy Tonthat <qtonthat@gmail.com>
-- Fixed problems looking for wrong manpages.
-
-* Thu Jun 21 2007 Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>
-- Added documentation files for git-gui
-
-* Tue May 13 2007 Quy Tonthat <qtonthat@gmail.com>
-- Added lib files for git-gui
-- Added Documentation/technical (As needed by Git Users Manual)
-
-* Tue May 8 2007 Quy Tonthat <qtonthat@gmail.com>
-- Added howto files
-
-* Tue Mar 27 2007 Eygene Ryabinkin <rea-git@codelabs.ru>
-- Added the git-p4 package: Perforce import stuff.
-
-* Mon Feb 13 2007 Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net>
-- Update core package description (Git isn't as stupid as it used to be)
-
-* Mon Feb 12 2007 Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
-- Add git-gui and git-citool.
-
-* Mon Nov 14 2005 H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> 0.99.9j-1
-- Change subpackage names to git-<name> instead of git-core-<name>
-- Create empty root package which brings in all subpackages
-- Rename git-tk -> gitk
-
-* Thu Nov 10 2005 Chris Wright <chrisw@osdl.org> 0.99.9g-1
-- zlib dependency fix
-- Minor cleanups from split
-- Move arch import to separate package as well
-
-* Tue Sep 27 2005 Jim Radford <radford@blackbean.org>
-- Move programs with non-standard dependencies (svn, cvs, email)
-  into separate packages
-
-* Tue Sep 27 2005 H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
-- parallelize build
-- COPTS -> CFLAGS
-
-* Fri Sep 16 2005 Chris Wright <chrisw@osdl.org> 0.99.6-1
-- update to 0.99.6
-
-* Fri Sep 16 2005 Horst H. von Brand <vonbrand@inf.utfsm.cl>
-- Linus noticed that less is required, added to the dependencies
-
-* Sun Sep 11 2005 Horst H. von Brand <vonbrand@inf.utfsm.cl>
-- Updated dependencies
-- Don't assume manpages are gzipped
-
-* Thu Aug 18 2005 Chris Wright <chrisw@osdl.org> 0.99.4-4
-- drop sh_utils, sh-utils, diffutils, mktemp, and openssl Requires
-- use RPM_OPT_FLAGS in spec file, drop patch0
-
-* Wed Aug 17 2005 Tom "spot" Callaway <tcallawa@redhat.com> 0.99.4-3
-- use dist tag to differentiate between branches
-- use rpm optflags by default (patch0)
-- own %{_datadir}/git-core/
-
-* Mon Aug 15 2005 Chris Wright <chrisw@osdl.org>
-- update spec file to fix Buildroot, Requires, and drop Vendor
-
-* Sun Aug 07 2005 Horst H. von Brand <vonbrand@inf.utfsm.cl>
-- Redid the description
-- Cut overlong make line, loosened changelog a bit
-- I think Junio (or perhaps OSDL?) should be vendor...
-
-* Thu Jul 14 2005 Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
-- Add the man pages, and the --without docs build option
-
-* Wed Jul 7 2005 Chris Wright <chris@osdl.org>
-- initial git spec file
diff --git a/gitk-git/Makefile b/gitk-git/Makefile
index 5acdc900ab..5bdd52a6eb 100644
--- a/gitk-git/Makefile
+++ b/gitk-git/Makefile
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ endif
 all:: gitk-wish $(ALL_MSGFILES)
 
 install:: all
+	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(bindir_SQ)'
 	$(INSTALL) -m 755 gitk-wish '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(bindir_SQ)'/gitk
 	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(msgsdir_SQ)'
 	$(foreach p,$(ALL_MSGFILES), $(INSTALL) -m 644 $p '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(msgsdir_SQ)' &&) true
diff --git a/gitk-git/gitk b/gitk-git/gitk
index 78358a712a..a14d7a16b2 100755
--- a/gitk-git/gitk
+++ b/gitk-git/gitk
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # Tcl ignores the next line -*- tcl -*- \
 exec wish "$0" -- "$@"
 
-# Copyright © 2005-2014 Paul Mackerras.  All rights reserved.
+# Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras.  All rights reserved.
 # This program is free software; it may be used, copied, modified
 # and distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public Licence,
 # either version 2, or (at your option) any later version.
@@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ proc updatecommits {} {
 proc reloadcommits {} {
     global curview viewcomplete selectedline currentid thickerline
     global showneartags treediffs commitinterest cached_commitrow
-    global targetid
+    global targetid commitinfo
 
     set selid {}
     if {$selectedline ne {}} {
@@ -600,18 +600,19 @@ proc reloadcommits {} {
     }
     resetvarcs $curview
     set selectedline {}
-    catch {unset currentid}
-    catch {unset thickerline}
-    catch {unset treediffs}
+    unset -nocomplain currentid
+    unset -nocomplain thickerline
+    unset -nocomplain treediffs
     readrefs
     changedrefs
     if {$showneartags} {
 	getallcommits
     }
     clear_display
-    catch {unset commitinterest}
-    catch {unset cached_commitrow}
-    catch {unset targetid}
+    unset -nocomplain commitinfo
+    unset -nocomplain commitinterest
+    unset -nocomplain cached_commitrow
+    unset -nocomplain targetid
     setcanvscroll
     getcommits $selid
     return 0
@@ -673,7 +674,7 @@ proc resetvarcs {view} {
     foreach vd [array names vseedcount $view,*] {
 	unset vseedcount($vd)
     }
-    catch {unset ordertok}
+    unset -nocomplain ordertok
 }
 
 # returns a list of the commits with no children
@@ -966,7 +967,7 @@ proc insertrow {id p v} {
     set vp $v,$p
     if {[llength [lappend children($vp) $id]] > 1} {
 	set children($vp) [lsort -command [list vtokcmp $v] $children($vp)]
-	catch {unset ordertok}
+	unset -nocomplain ordertok
     }
     fix_reversal $p $a $v
     incr commitidx($v)
@@ -1136,7 +1137,7 @@ proc update_arcrows {v} {
 	    set displayorder [lrange $displayorder 0 [expr {$vrowmod($v) - 1}]]
 	    set parentlist [lrange $parentlist 0 [expr {$vrowmod($v) - 1}]]
 	}
-	catch {unset cached_commitrow}
+	unset -nocomplain cached_commitrow
     }
     set narctot [expr {[llength $varctok($v)] - 1}]
     set a $varcmod($v)
@@ -1315,7 +1316,7 @@ proc commitonrow {row} {
 
 proc closevarcs {v} {
     global varctok varccommits varcid parents children
-    global cmitlisted commitidx vtokmod
+    global cmitlisted commitidx vtokmod curview numcommits
 
     set missing_parents 0
     set scripts {}
@@ -1340,6 +1341,9 @@ proc closevarcs {v} {
 	    }
 	    lappend varccommits($v,$b) $p
 	    incr commitidx($v)
+	    if {$v == $curview} {
+		set numcommits $commitidx($v)
+	    }
 	    set scripts [check_interest $p $scripts]
 	}
     }
@@ -1442,7 +1446,7 @@ proc getcommitlines {fd inst view updating}  {
 	    if {[string range $err 0 4] == "usage"} {
 		set err "Gitk: error reading commits$fv:\
 			bad arguments to git log."
-		if {$viewname($view) eq "Command line"} {
+		if {$viewname($view) eq [mc "Command line"]} {
 		    append err \
 			"  (Note: arguments to gitk are passed to git log\
 			 to allow selection of commits to be displayed.)"
@@ -1579,7 +1583,7 @@ proc getcommitlines {fd inst view updating}  {
 		    [vtokcmp $view [lindex $children($vp) end-1] $id] > 0} {
 		    set children($vp) [lsort -command [list vtokcmp $view] \
 					   $children($vp)]
-		    catch {unset ordertok}
+		    unset -nocomplain ordertok
 		}
 		if {[info exists varcid($view,$p)]} {
 		    fix_reversal $p $a $view
@@ -1778,7 +1782,7 @@ proc readrefs {} {
     global hideremotes
 
     foreach v {tagids idtags headids idheads otherrefids idotherrefs} {
-	catch {unset $v}
+	unset -nocomplain $v
     }
     set refd [open [list | git show-ref -d] r]
     while {[gets $refd line] >= 0} {
@@ -1894,13 +1898,13 @@ proc make_transient {window origin} {
     }
 }
 
-proc show_error {w top msg {mc mc}} {
+proc show_error {w top msg} {
     global NS
     if {![info exists NS]} {set NS ""}
     if {[wm state $top] eq "withdrawn"} { wm deiconify $top }
     message $w.m -text $msg -justify center -aspect 400
     pack $w.m -side top -fill x -padx 20 -pady 20
-    ${NS}::button $w.ok -default active -text [$mc OK] -command "destroy $top"
+    ${NS}::button $w.ok -default active -text [mc OK] -command "destroy $top"
     pack $w.ok -side bottom -fill x
     bind $top <Visibility> "grab $top; focus $top"
     bind $top <Key-Return> "destroy $top"
@@ -1943,6 +1947,8 @@ proc confirm_popup {msg {owner .}} {
 }
 
 proc setoptions {} {
+    global use_ttk
+
     if {[tk windowingsystem] ne "win32"} {
         option add *Panedwindow.showHandle 1 startupFile
         option add *Panedwindow.sashRelief raised startupFile
@@ -1965,6 +1971,18 @@ proc setoptions {} {
     option add *Listbox.font mainfont startupFile
 }
 
+proc setttkstyle {} {
+    eval font configure TkDefaultFont [fontflags mainfont]
+    eval font configure TkTextFont [fontflags textfont]
+    eval font configure TkHeadingFont [fontflags mainfont]
+    eval font configure TkCaptionFont [fontflags mainfont] -weight bold
+    eval font configure TkTooltipFont [fontflags uifont]
+    eval font configure TkFixedFont   [fontflags textfont]
+    eval font configure TkIconFont    [fontflags uifont]
+    eval font configure TkMenuFont    [fontflags uifont]
+    eval font configure TkSmallCaptionFont [fontflags uifont]
+}
+
 # Make a menu and submenus.
 # m is the window name for the menu, items is the list of menu items to add.
 # Each item is a list {mc label type description options...}
@@ -2065,33 +2083,33 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     # The "mc" arguments here are purely so that xgettext
     # sees the following string as needing to be translated
     set file {
-	mc "File" cascade {
-	    {mc "Update" command updatecommits -accelerator F5}
-	    {mc "Reload" command reloadcommits -accelerator Shift-F5}
-	    {mc "Reread references" command rereadrefs}
-	    {mc "List references" command showrefs -accelerator F2}
+	mc "&File" cascade {
+	    {mc "&Update" command updatecommits -accelerator F5}
+	    {mc "&Reload" command reloadcommits -accelerator Shift-F5}
+	    {mc "Reread re&ferences" command rereadrefs}
+	    {mc "&List references" command showrefs -accelerator F2}
 	    {xx "" separator}
-	    {mc "Start git gui" command {exec git gui &}}
+	    {mc "Start git &gui" command {exec git gui &}}
 	    {xx "" separator}
-	    {mc "Quit" command doquit -accelerator Meta1-Q}
+	    {mc "&Quit" command doquit -accelerator Meta1-Q}
 	}}
     set edit {
-	mc "Edit" cascade {
-	    {mc "Preferences" command doprefs}
+	mc "&Edit" cascade {
+	    {mc "&Preferences" command doprefs}
 	}}
     set view {
-	mc "View" cascade {
-	    {mc "New view..." command {newview 0} -accelerator Shift-F4}
-	    {mc "Edit view..." command editview -state disabled -accelerator F4}
-	    {mc "Delete view" command delview -state disabled}
+	mc "&View" cascade {
+	    {mc "&New view..." command {newview 0} -accelerator Shift-F4}
+	    {mc "&Edit view..." command editview -state disabled -accelerator F4}
+	    {mc "&Delete view" command delview -state disabled}
 	    {xx "" separator}
-	    {mc "All files" radiobutton {selectedview 0} -command {showview 0}}
+	    {mc "&All files" radiobutton {selectedview 0} -command {showview 0}}
 	}}
     if {[tk windowingsystem] ne "aqua"} {
 	set help {
-	mc "Help" cascade {
-	    {mc "About gitk" command about}
-	    {mc "Key bindings" command keys}
+	mc "&Help" cascade {
+	    {mc "&About gitk" command about}
+	    {mc "&Key bindings" command keys}
 	}}
 	set bar [list $file $edit $view $help]
     } else {
@@ -2099,13 +2117,13 @@ proc makewindow {} {
 	proc ::tk::mac::Quit {} {doquit}
 	lset file end [lreplace [lindex $file end] end-1 end]
 	set apple {
-	xx "Apple" cascade {
-	    {mc "About gitk" command about}
+	xx "&Apple" cascade {
+	    {mc "&About gitk" command about}
 	    {xx "" separator}
 	}}
 	set help {
-	mc "Help" cascade {
-	    {mc "Key bindings" command keys}
+	mc "&Help" cascade {
+	    {mc "&Key bindings" command keys}
 	}}
 	set bar [list $apple $file $view $help]
     }
@@ -2251,7 +2269,7 @@ proc makewindow {} {
 	set h [expr {[font metrics uifont -linespace] + 2}]
 	set progresscanv .tf.bar.progress
 	canvas $progresscanv -relief sunken -height $h -borderwidth 2
-	set progressitem [$progresscanv create rect -1 0 0 $h -fill green]
+	set progressitem [$progresscanv create rect -1 0 0 $h -fill "#00ff00"]
 	set fprogitem [$progresscanv create rect -1 0 0 $h -fill yellow]
 	set rprogitem [$progresscanv create rect -1 0 0 $h -fill red]
     }
@@ -2347,6 +2365,9 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     ${NS}::frame .bleft.mid
     ${NS}::frame .bleft.bottom
 
+    # gap between sub-widgets
+    set wgap [font measure uifont "i"]
+
     ${NS}::button .bleft.top.search -text [mc "Search"] -command dosearch
     pack .bleft.top.search -side left -padx 5
     set sstring .bleft.top.sstring
@@ -2361,8 +2382,9 @@ proc makewindow {} {
 	-command changediffdisp -variable diffelide -value {0 1}
     ${NS}::radiobutton .bleft.mid.new -text [mc "New version"] \
 	-command changediffdisp -variable diffelide -value {1 0}
+
     ${NS}::label .bleft.mid.labeldiffcontext -text "      [mc "Lines of context"]: "
-    pack .bleft.mid.diff .bleft.mid.old .bleft.mid.new -side left
+    pack .bleft.mid.diff .bleft.mid.old .bleft.mid.new -side left -ipadx $wgap
     spinbox .bleft.mid.diffcontext -width 5 \
 	-from 0 -increment 1 -to 10000000 \
 	-validate all -validatecommand "diffcontextvalidate %P" \
@@ -2370,7 +2392,7 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     .bleft.mid.diffcontext set $diffcontext
     trace add variable diffcontextstring write diffcontextchange
     lappend entries .bleft.mid.diffcontext
-    pack .bleft.mid.labeldiffcontext .bleft.mid.diffcontext -side left
+    pack .bleft.mid.labeldiffcontext .bleft.mid.diffcontext -side left -ipadx $wgap
     ${NS}::checkbutton .bleft.mid.ignspace -text [mc "Ignore space change"] \
 	-command changeignorespace -variable ignorespace
     pack .bleft.mid.ignspace -side left -padx 5
@@ -2385,7 +2407,7 @@ proc makewindow {} {
 
     set ctext .bleft.bottom.ctext
     text $ctext -background $bgcolor -foreground $fgcolor \
-	-state disabled -font textfont \
+	-state disabled -undo 0 -font textfont \
 	-yscrollcommand scrolltext -wrap none \
 	-xscrollcommand ".bleft.bottom.sbhorizontal set"
     if {$have_tk85} {
@@ -2516,6 +2538,13 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     } else {
 	bindall <ButtonRelease-4> "allcanvs yview scroll -5 units"
 	bindall <ButtonRelease-5> "allcanvs yview scroll 5 units"
+	bind $ctext <Button> {
+	    if {"%b" eq 6} {
+		$ctext xview scroll -5 units
+	    } elseif {"%b" eq 7} {
+		$ctext xview scroll 5 units
+	    }
+	}
         if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "aqua"} {
             bindall <MouseWheel> {
                 set delta [expr {- (%D)}]
@@ -2561,6 +2590,7 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     bindkey b prevfile
     bindkey d "$ctext yview scroll 18 units"
     bindkey u "$ctext yview scroll -18 units"
+    bindkey g {$sha1entry delete 0 end; focus $sha1entry}
     bindkey / {focus $fstring}
     bindkey <Key-KP_Divide> {focus $fstring}
     bindkey <Key-Return> {dofind 1 1}
@@ -2610,6 +2640,7 @@ proc makewindow {} {
 	{mc "Diff selected -> this" command {diffvssel 1}}
 	{mc "Make patch" command mkpatch}
 	{mc "Create tag" command mktag}
+	{mc "Copy commit summary" command copysummary}
 	{mc "Write commit to file" command writecommit}
 	{mc "Create new branch" command mkbranch}
 	{mc "Cherry-pick this commit" command cherrypick}
@@ -2637,7 +2668,9 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     set headctxmenu .headctxmenu
     makemenu $headctxmenu {
 	{mc "Check out this branch" command cobranch}
+	{mc "Rename this branch" command mvbranch}
 	{mc "Remove this branch" command rmbranch}
+	{mc "Copy branch name" command {clipboard clear; clipboard append $headmenuhead}}
     }
     $headctxmenu configure -tearoff 0
 
@@ -2648,6 +2681,7 @@ proc makewindow {} {
 	{mc "Highlight this only" command {flist_hl 1}}
 	{mc "External diff" command {external_diff}}
 	{mc "Blame parent commit" command {external_blame 1}}
+	{mc "Copy path" command {clipboard clear; clipboard append $flist_menu_file}}
     }
     $flist_menu configure -tearoff 0
 
@@ -2776,33 +2810,87 @@ proc doprogupdate {} {
     }
 }
 
+proc config_check_tmp_exists {tries_left} {
+    global config_file_tmp
+
+    if {[file exists $config_file_tmp]} {
+	incr tries_left -1
+	if {$tries_left > 0} {
+	    after 100 [list config_check_tmp_exists $tries_left]
+	} else {
+	    error_popup "There appears to be a stale $config_file_tmp\
+ file, which will prevent gitk from saving its configuration on exit.\
+ Please remove it if it is not being used by any existing gitk process."
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+proc config_init_trace {name} {
+    global config_variable_changed config_variable_original
+
+    upvar #0 $name var
+    set config_variable_changed($name) 0
+    set config_variable_original($name) $var
+}
+
+proc config_variable_change_cb {name name2 op} {
+    global config_variable_changed config_variable_original
+
+    upvar #0 $name var
+    if {$op eq "write" &&
+	(![info exists config_variable_original($name)] ||
+	 $config_variable_original($name) ne $var)} {
+	set config_variable_changed($name) 1
+    }
+}
+
 proc savestuff {w} {
-    global viewname viewfiles viewargs viewargscmd viewperm nextviewnum
-    global use_ttk
     global stuffsaved
     global config_file config_file_tmp
-    global config_variables
+    global config_variables config_variable_changed
+    global viewchanged
+
+    upvar #0 viewname current_viewname
+    upvar #0 viewfiles current_viewfiles
+    upvar #0 viewargs current_viewargs
+    upvar #0 viewargscmd current_viewargscmd
+    upvar #0 viewperm current_viewperm
+    upvar #0 nextviewnum current_nextviewnum
+    upvar #0 use_ttk current_use_ttk
 
     if {$stuffsaved} return
     if {![winfo viewable .]} return
-    catch {
-	if {[file exists $config_file_tmp]} {
-	    file delete -force $config_file_tmp
+    set remove_tmp 0
+    if {[catch {
+	set try_count 0
+	while {[catch {set f [open $config_file_tmp {WRONLY CREAT EXCL}]}]} {
+	    if {[incr try_count] > 50} {
+		error "Unable to write config file: $config_file_tmp exists"
+	    }
+	    after 100
 	}
-	set f [open $config_file_tmp w]
+	set remove_tmp 1
 	if {$::tcl_platform(platform) eq {windows}} {
 	    file attributes $config_file_tmp -hidden true
 	}
+	if {[file exists $config_file]} {
+	    source $config_file
+	}
 	foreach var_name $config_variables {
 	    upvar #0 $var_name var
-	    puts $f [list set $var_name $var]
+	    upvar 0 $var_name old_var
+	    if {!$config_variable_changed($var_name) && [info exists old_var]} {
+		puts $f [list set $var_name $old_var]
+	    } else {
+		puts $f [list set $var_name $var]
+	    }
 	}
 
 	puts $f "set geometry(main) [wm geometry .]"
 	puts $f "set geometry(state) [wm state .]"
 	puts $f "set geometry(topwidth) [winfo width .tf]"
 	puts $f "set geometry(topheight) [winfo height .tf]"
-	if {$use_ttk} {
+	if {$current_use_ttk} {
 	    puts $f "set geometry(pwsash0) \"[.tf.histframe.pwclist sashpos 0] 1\""
 	    puts $f "set geometry(pwsash1) \"[.tf.histframe.pwclist sashpos 1] 1\""
 	} else {
@@ -2812,15 +2900,43 @@ proc savestuff {w} {
 	puts $f "set geometry(botwidth) [winfo width .bleft]"
 	puts $f "set geometry(botheight) [winfo height .bleft]"
 
+	array set view_save {}
+	array set views {}
+	if {![info exists permviews]} { set permviews {} }
+	foreach view $permviews {
+	    set view_save([lindex $view 0]) 1
+	    set views([lindex $view 0]) $view
+	}
 	puts -nonewline $f "set permviews {"
-	for {set v 0} {$v < $nextviewnum} {incr v} {
-	    if {$viewperm($v)} {
-		puts $f "{[list $viewname($v) $viewfiles($v) $viewargs($v) $viewargscmd($v)]}"
+	for {set v 1} {$v < $current_nextviewnum} {incr v} {
+	    if {$viewchanged($v)} {
+		if {$current_viewperm($v)} {
+		    set views($current_viewname($v)) [list $current_viewname($v) $current_viewfiles($v) $current_viewargs($v) $current_viewargscmd($v)]
+		} else {
+		    set view_save($current_viewname($v)) 0
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	# write old and updated view to their places and append remaining to the end
+	foreach view $permviews {
+	    set view_name [lindex $view 0]
+	    if {$view_save($view_name)} {
+		puts $f "{$views($view_name)}"
 	    }
+	    unset views($view_name)
+	}
+	foreach view_name [array names views] {
+	    puts $f "{$views($view_name)}"
 	}
 	puts $f "}"
 	close $f
 	file rename -force $config_file_tmp $config_file
+	set remove_tmp 0
+    } err]} {
+        puts "Error saving config: $err"
+    }
+    if {$remove_tmp} {
+	file delete -force $config_file_tmp
     }
     set stuffsaved 1
 }
@@ -2910,7 +3026,7 @@ proc bindall {event action} {
 }
 
 proc about {} {
-    global uifont NS
+    global bgcolor NS
     set w .about
     if {[winfo exists $w]} {
 	raise $w
@@ -2922,10 +3038,10 @@ proc about {} {
     message $w.m -text [mc "
 Gitk - a commit viewer for git
 
-Copyright \u00a9 2005-2014 Paul Mackerras
+Copyright \u00a9 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras
 
 Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"] \
-	    -justify center -aspect 400 -border 2 -bg white -relief groove
+	    -justify center -aspect 400 -border 2 -bg $bgcolor -relief groove
     pack $w.m -side top -fill x -padx 2 -pady 2
     ${NS}::button $w.ok -text [mc "Close"] -command "destroy $w" -default active
     pack $w.ok -side bottom
@@ -2936,7 +3052,7 @@ Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"] \
 }
 
 proc keys {} {
-    global NS
+    global bgcolor NS
     set w .keys
     if {[winfo exists $w]} {
 	raise $w
@@ -2980,6 +3096,7 @@ proc keys {} {
 [mc "<%s-F>		Find" $M1T]
 [mc "<%s-G>		Move to next find hit" $M1T]
 [mc "<Return>	Move to next find hit"]
+[mc "g		Go to commit"]
 [mc "/		Focus the search box"]
 [mc "?		Move to previous find hit"]
 [mc "f		Scroll diff view to next file"]
@@ -2991,7 +3108,7 @@ proc keys {} {
 [mc "<%s-minus>	Decrease font size" $M1T]
 [mc "<F5>		Update"]
 " \
-	    -justify left -bg white -border 2 -relief groove
+	    -justify left -bg $bgcolor -border 2 -relief groove
     pack $w.m -side top -fill both -padx 2 -pady 2
     ${NS}::button $w.ok -text [mc "Close"] -command "destroy $w" -default active
     bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
@@ -3285,7 +3402,7 @@ set rectmask {
        0x00, 0x00, 0xfc, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x0f,
        0xfc, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x0f, 0x00, 0x00};
 }
-image create bitmap reficon-H -background black -foreground green \
+image create bitmap reficon-H -background black -foreground "#00ff00" \
     -data $rectdata -maskdata $rectmask
 image create bitmap reficon-o -background black -foreground "#ddddff" \
     -data $rectdata -maskdata $rectmask
@@ -3300,7 +3417,7 @@ proc init_flist {first} {
 	set cflist_top 1
 	$cflist tag add highlight 1.0 "1.0 lineend"
     } else {
-	catch {unset cflist_top}
+	unset -nocomplain cflist_top
     }
     $cflist conf -state disabled
     set difffilestart {}
@@ -3945,6 +4062,19 @@ proc shellsplit {str} {
     return $l
 }
 
+proc set_window_title {} {
+    global appname curview viewname vrevs
+    set rev [mc "All files"]
+    if {$curview ne 0} {
+	if {$viewname($curview) eq [mc "Command line"]} {
+	    set rev [string map {"--gitk-symmetric-diff-marker" "--merge"} $vrevs($curview)]
+	} else {
+	    set rev $viewname($curview)
+	}
+    }
+    wm title . "[reponame]: $rev - $appname"
+}
+
 # Code to implement multiple views
 
 proc newview {ishighlight} {
@@ -3977,6 +4107,7 @@ set known_view_options {
     {committer t15  .  "--committer=*"  {mc "Committer:"}}
     {loginfo   t15  .. "--grep=*"       {mc "Commit Message:"}}
     {allmatch  b    .. "--all-match"    {mc "Matches all Commit Info criteria"}}
+    {igrep     b    .. "--invert-grep"  {mc "Matches no Commit Info criteria"}}
     {changes_l l    +  {}               {mc "Changes to Files:"}}
     {pickaxe_s r0   .  {}               {mc "Fixed String"}}
     {pickaxe_t r1   .  "--pickaxe-regex"  {mc "Regular Expression"}}
@@ -4238,7 +4369,7 @@ proc allviewmenus {n op args} {
 
 proc newviewok {top n {apply 0}} {
     global nextviewnum newviewperm newviewname newishighlight
-    global viewname viewfiles viewperm selectedview curview
+    global viewname viewfiles viewperm viewchanged selectedview curview
     global viewargs viewargscmd newviewopts viewhlmenu
 
     if {[catch {
@@ -4259,6 +4390,7 @@ proc newviewok {top n {apply 0}} {
 	incr nextviewnum
 	set viewname($n) $newviewname($n)
 	set viewperm($n) $newviewopts($n,perm)
+	set viewchanged($n) 1
 	set viewfiles($n) $files
 	set viewargs($n) $newargs
 	set viewargscmd($n) $newviewopts($n,cmd)
@@ -4271,6 +4403,7 @@ proc newviewok {top n {apply 0}} {
     } else {
 	# editing an existing view
 	set viewperm($n) $newviewopts($n,perm)
+	set viewchanged($n) 1
 	if {$newviewname($n) ne $viewname($n)} {
 	    set viewname($n) $newviewname($n)
 	    doviewmenu .bar.view 5 [list showview $n] \
@@ -4293,7 +4426,7 @@ proc newviewok {top n {apply 0}} {
 }
 
 proc delview {} {
-    global curview viewperm hlview selectedhlview
+    global curview viewperm hlview selectedhlview viewchanged
 
     if {$curview == 0} return
     if {[info exists hlview] && $hlview == $curview} {
@@ -4302,6 +4435,7 @@ proc delview {} {
     }
     allviewmenus $curview delete
     set viewperm($curview) 0
+    set viewchanged($curview) 1
     showview 0
 }
 
@@ -4345,20 +4479,20 @@ proc showview {n} {
     }
     unselectline
     normalline
-    catch {unset treediffs}
+    unset -nocomplain treediffs
     clear_display
     if {[info exists hlview] && $hlview == $n} {
 	unset hlview
 	set selectedhlview [mc "None"]
     }
-    catch {unset commitinterest}
-    catch {unset cached_commitrow}
-    catch {unset ordertok}
+    unset -nocomplain commitinterest
+    unset -nocomplain cached_commitrow
+    unset -nocomplain ordertok
 
     set curview $n
     set selectedview $n
-    .bar.view entryconf [mca "Edit view..."] -state [expr {$n == 0? "disabled": "normal"}]
-    .bar.view entryconf [mca "Delete view"] -state [expr {$n == 0? "disabled": "normal"}]
+    .bar.view entryconf [mca "&Edit view..."] -state [expr {$n == 0? "disabled": "normal"}]
+    .bar.view entryconf [mca "&Delete view"] -state [expr {$n == 0? "disabled": "normal"}]
 
     run refill_reflist
     if {![info exists viewcomplete($n)]} {
@@ -4373,8 +4507,8 @@ proc showview {n} {
     set rowfinal {}
     set numcommits $commitidx($n)
 
-    catch {unset colormap}
-    catch {unset rowtextx}
+    unset -nocomplain colormap
+    unset -nocomplain rowtextx
     set nextcolor 0
     set canvxmax [$canv cget -width]
     set curview $n
@@ -4417,6 +4551,7 @@ proc showview {n} {
     } elseif {$numcommits == 0} {
 	show_status [mc "No commits selected"]
     }
+    set_window_title
 }
 
 # Stuff relating to the highlighting facility
@@ -4508,7 +4643,7 @@ proc delvhighlight {} {
 
     if {![info exists hlview]} return
     unset hlview
-    catch {unset vhighlights}
+    unset -nocomplain vhighlights
     unbolden
 }
 
@@ -4556,7 +4691,7 @@ proc hfiles_change {} {
 	# delete previous highlights
 	catch {close $filehighlight}
 	unset filehighlight
-	catch {unset fhighlights}
+	unset -nocomplain fhighlights
 	unbolden
 	unhighlight_filelist
     }
@@ -4617,7 +4752,7 @@ proc findcom_change args {
 	bolden_name $id mainfont
     }
     set boldnameids {}
-    catch {unset nhighlights}
+    unset -nocomplain nhighlights
     unbolden
     unmarkmatches
     if {$gdttype ne [mc "containing:"] || $findstring eq {}} {
@@ -4820,9 +4955,9 @@ proc rhighlight_sel {a} {
     global descendent desc_todo ancestor anc_todo
     global highlight_related
 
-    catch {unset descendent}
+    unset -nocomplain descendent
     set desc_todo [list $a]
-    catch {unset ancestor}
+    unset -nocomplain ancestor
     set anc_todo [list $a]
     if {$highlight_related ne [mc "None"]} {
 	rhighlight_none
@@ -4833,7 +4968,7 @@ proc rhighlight_sel {a} {
 proc rhighlight_none {} {
     global rhighlights
 
-    catch {unset rhighlights}
+    unset -nocomplain rhighlights
     unbolden
 }
 
@@ -5041,8 +5176,8 @@ proc initlayout {} {
     set rowisopt {}
     set rowfinal {}
     set canvxmax [$canv cget -width]
-    catch {unset colormap}
-    catch {unset rowtextx}
+    unset -nocomplain colormap
+    unset -nocomplain rowtextx
     setcanvscroll
 }
 
@@ -6275,17 +6410,17 @@ proc clear_display {} {
     global linehtag linentag linedtag boldids boldnameids
 
     allcanvs delete all
-    catch {unset iddrawn}
-    catch {unset linesegs}
-    catch {unset linehtag}
-    catch {unset linentag}
-    catch {unset linedtag}
+    unset -nocomplain iddrawn
+    unset -nocomplain linesegs
+    unset -nocomplain linehtag
+    unset -nocomplain linentag
+    unset -nocomplain linedtag
     set boldids {}
     set boldnameids {}
-    catch {unset vhighlights}
-    catch {unset fhighlights}
-    catch {unset nhighlights}
-    catch {unset rhighlights}
+    unset -nocomplain vhighlights
+    unset -nocomplain fhighlights
+    unset -nocomplain nhighlights
+    unset -nocomplain rhighlights
     set need_redisplay 0
     set nrows_drawn 0
 }
@@ -6557,6 +6692,7 @@ proc show_status {msg} {
     global canv fgcolor
 
     clear_display
+    set_window_title
     $canv create text 3 3 -anchor nw -text $msg -font mainfont \
 	-tags text -fill $fgcolor
 }
@@ -7133,7 +7269,7 @@ proc selectline {l isnew {desired_loc {}} {switch_to_patch 0}} {
     global autoselect autosellen jump_to_here
     global vinlinediff
 
-    catch {unset pending_select}
+    unset -nocomplain pending_select
     $canv delete hover
     normalline
     unsel_reflist
@@ -7331,7 +7467,7 @@ proc unselectline {} {
     global selectedline currentid
 
     set selectedline {}
-    catch {unset currentid}
+    unset -nocomplain currentid
     allcanvs delete secsel
     rhighlight_none
 }
@@ -7387,7 +7523,7 @@ proc unset_posvars {} {
     if {[info exists last_posvars]} {
 	foreach {var val} $last_posvars {
 	    global $var
-	    catch {unset $var}
+	    unset -nocomplain $var
 	}
 	unset last_posvars
     }
@@ -7455,7 +7591,7 @@ proc gettree {id} {
     global nullid nullid2
 
     set diffids $id
-    catch {unset diffmergeid}
+    unset -nocomplain diffmergeid
     if {![info exists treefilelist($id)]} {
 	if {![info exists treepending]} {
 	    if {$id eq $nullid} {
@@ -7611,7 +7747,7 @@ proc startdiff {ids} {
 
     settabs 1
     set diffids $ids
-    catch {unset diffmergeid}
+    unset -nocomplain diffmergeid
     if {![info exists treediffs($ids)] ||
 	[lsearch -exact $ids $nullid] >= 0 ||
 	[lsearch -exact $ids $nullid2] >= 0} {
@@ -7938,7 +8074,11 @@ proc getblobdiffline {bdf ids} {
     $ctext conf -state normal
     while {[incr nr] <= 1000 && [gets $bdf line] >= 0} {
 	if {$ids != $diffids || $bdf != $blobdifffd($ids)} {
+	    # Older diff read. Abort it.
 	    catch {close $bdf}
+	    if {$ids != $diffids} {
+		array unset blobdifffd $ids
+	    }
 	    return 0
 	}
 	parseblobdiffline $ids $line
@@ -7947,6 +8087,7 @@ proc getblobdiffline {bdf ids} {
     blobdiffmaybeseehere [eof $bdf]
     if {[eof $bdf]} {
 	catch {close $bdf}
+	array unset blobdifffd $ids
 	return 0
     }
     return [expr {$nr >= 1000? 2: 1}]
@@ -8232,7 +8373,7 @@ proc clear_ctext {{first 1.0}} {
     }
     $ctext delete $first end
     if {$first eq "1.0"} {
-	catch {unset pendinglinks}
+	unset -nocomplain pendinglinks
     }
     set ctext_file_names {}
     set ctext_file_lines {}
@@ -8408,7 +8549,7 @@ proc scrolltext {f0 f1} {
 	highlightfile_for_scrollpos $topidx
     }
 
-    catch {unset suppress_highlighting_file_for_this_scrollpos}
+    unset -nocomplain suppress_highlighting_file_for_this_scrollpos
 
     .bleft.bottom.sb set $f0 $f1
     if {$searchstring ne {}} {
@@ -8783,13 +8924,13 @@ proc rowmenu {x y id} {
     if {$id ne $nullid && $id ne $nullid2} {
 	set menu $rowctxmenu
 	if {$mainhead ne {}} {
-	    $menu entryconfigure 7 -label [mc "Reset %s branch to here" $mainhead] -state normal
+	    $menu entryconfigure 8 -label [mc "Reset %s branch to here" $mainhead] -state normal
 	} else {
-	    $menu entryconfigure 7 -label [mc "Detached head: can't reset" $mainhead] -state disabled
+	    $menu entryconfigure 8 -label [mc "Detached head: can't reset" $mainhead] -state disabled
 	}
-	$menu entryconfigure 9 -state $mstate
 	$menu entryconfigure 10 -state $mstate
 	$menu entryconfigure 11 -state $mstate
+	$menu entryconfigure 12 -state $mstate
     } else {
 	set menu $fakerowmenu
     }
@@ -9248,6 +9389,20 @@ proc mktaggo {} {
     mktagcan
 }
 
+proc copysummary {} {
+    global rowmenuid autosellen
+
+    set format "%h (\"%s\", %ad)"
+    set cmd [list git show -s --pretty=format:$format --date=short]
+    if {$autosellen < 40} {
+        lappend cmd --abbrev=$autosellen
+    }
+    set summary [eval exec $cmd $rowmenuid]
+
+    clipboard clear
+    clipboard append $summary
+}
+
 proc writecommit {} {
     global rowmenuid wrcomtop commitinfo wrcomcmd NS
 
@@ -9307,26 +9462,63 @@ proc wrcomcan {} {
 }
 
 proc mkbranch {} {
-    global rowmenuid mkbrtop NS
+    global NS rowmenuid
+
+    set top .branchdialog
+
+    set val(name) ""
+    set val(id) $rowmenuid
+    set val(command) [list mkbrgo $top]
+
+    set ui(title) [mc "Create branch"]
+    set ui(accept) [mc "Create"]
+
+    branchdia $top val ui
+}
+
+proc mvbranch {} {
+    global NS
+    global headmenuid headmenuhead
+
+    set top .branchdialog
+
+    set val(name) $headmenuhead
+    set val(id) $headmenuid
+    set val(command) [list mvbrgo $top $headmenuhead]
+
+    set ui(title) [mc "Rename branch %s" $headmenuhead]
+    set ui(accept) [mc "Rename"]
+
+    branchdia $top val ui
+}
+
+proc branchdia {top valvar uivar} {
+    global NS commitinfo
+    upvar $valvar val $uivar ui
 
-    set top .makebranch
     catch {destroy $top}
     ttk_toplevel $top
     make_transient $top .
-    ${NS}::label $top.title -text [mc "Create new branch"]
+    ${NS}::label $top.title -text $ui(title)
     grid $top.title - -pady 10
     ${NS}::label $top.id -text [mc "ID:"]
     ${NS}::entry $top.sha1 -width 40
-    $top.sha1 insert 0 $rowmenuid
+    $top.sha1 insert 0 $val(id)
     $top.sha1 conf -state readonly
     grid $top.id $top.sha1 -sticky w
+    ${NS}::entry $top.head -width 60
+    $top.head insert 0 [lindex $commitinfo($val(id)) 0]
+    $top.head conf -state readonly
+    grid x $top.head -sticky ew
+    grid columnconfigure $top 1 -weight 1
     ${NS}::label $top.nlab -text [mc "Name:"]
     ${NS}::entry $top.name -width 40
+    $top.name insert 0 $val(name)
     grid $top.nlab $top.name -sticky w
     ${NS}::frame $top.buts
-    ${NS}::button $top.buts.go -text [mc "Create"] -command [list mkbrgo $top]
+    ${NS}::button $top.buts.go -text $ui(accept) -command $val(command)
     ${NS}::button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command "catch {destroy $top}"
-    bind $top <Key-Return> [list mkbrgo $top]
+    bind $top <Key-Return> $val(command)
     bind $top <Key-Escape> "catch {destroy $top}"
     grid $top.buts.go $top.buts.can
     grid columnconfigure $top.buts 0 -weight 1 -uniform a
@@ -9381,6 +9573,46 @@ proc mkbrgo {top} {
     }
 }
 
+proc mvbrgo {top prevname} {
+    global headids idheads mainhead mainheadid
+
+    set name [$top.name get]
+    set id [$top.sha1 get]
+    set cmdargs {}
+    if {$name eq $prevname} {
+	catch {destroy $top}
+	return
+    }
+    if {$name eq {}} {
+	error_popup [mc "Please specify a new name for the branch"] $top
+	return
+    }
+    catch {destroy $top}
+    lappend cmdargs -m $prevname $name
+    nowbusy renamebranch
+    update
+    if {[catch {
+	eval exec git branch $cmdargs
+    } err]} {
+	notbusy renamebranch
+	error_popup $err
+    } else {
+	notbusy renamebranch
+	removehead $id $prevname
+	removedhead $id $prevname
+	set headids($name) $id
+	lappend idheads($id) $name
+	addedhead $id $name
+	if {$prevname eq $mainhead} {
+	    set mainhead $name
+	    set mainheadid $id
+	}
+	redrawtags $id
+	dispneartags 0
+	run refill_reflist
+    }
+}
+
 proc exec_citool {tool_args {baseid {}}} {
     global commitinfo env
 
@@ -9606,20 +9838,25 @@ proc readresetstat {fd} {
 
 # context menu for a head
 proc headmenu {x y id head} {
-    global headmenuid headmenuhead headctxmenu mainhead
+    global headmenuid headmenuhead headctxmenu mainhead headids
 
     stopfinding
     set headmenuid $id
     set headmenuhead $head
-    set state normal
+    array set state {0 normal 1 normal 2 normal}
     if {[string match "remotes/*" $head]} {
-	set state disabled
+	set localhead [string range $head [expr [string last / $head] + 1] end]
+	if {[info exists headids($localhead)]} {
+	    set state(0) disabled
+	}
+	array set state {1 disabled 2 disabled}
     }
     if {$head eq $mainhead} {
-	set state disabled
+	array set state {0 disabled 2 disabled}
+    }
+    foreach i {0 1 2} {
+	$headctxmenu entryconfigure $i -state $state($i)
     }
-    $headctxmenu entryconfigure 0 -state $state
-    $headctxmenu entryconfigure 1 -state $state
     tk_popup $headctxmenu $x $y
 }
 
@@ -9628,11 +9865,27 @@ proc cobranch {} {
     global showlocalchanges
 
     # check the tree is clean first??
+    set newhead $headmenuhead
+    set command [list | git checkout]
+    if {[string match "remotes/*" $newhead]} {
+	set remote $newhead
+	set newhead [string range $newhead [expr [string last / $newhead] + 1] end]
+	# The following check is redundant - the menu option should
+	# be disabled to begin with...
+	if {[info exists headids($newhead)]} {
+	    error_popup [mc "A local branch named %s exists already" $newhead]
+	    return
+	}
+	lappend command -b $newhead --track $remote
+    } else {
+	lappend command $newhead
+    }
+    lappend command 2>@1
     nowbusy checkout [mc "Checking out"]
     update
     dohidelocalchanges
     if {[catch {
-	set fd [open [list | git checkout $headmenuhead 2>@1] r]
+	set fd [open $command r]
     } err]} {
 	notbusy checkout
 	error_popup $err
@@ -9640,12 +9893,12 @@ proc cobranch {} {
 	    dodiffindex
 	}
     } else {
-	filerun $fd [list readcheckoutstat $fd $headmenuhead $headmenuid]
+	filerun $fd [list readcheckoutstat $fd $newhead $headmenuid]
     }
 }
 
 proc readcheckoutstat {fd newhead newheadid} {
-    global mainhead mainheadid headids showlocalchanges progresscoords
+    global mainhead mainheadid headids idheads showlocalchanges progresscoords
     global viewmainheadid curview
 
     if {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
@@ -9660,8 +9913,14 @@ proc readcheckoutstat {fd newhead newheadid} {
     notbusy checkout
     if {[catch {close $fd} err]} {
 	error_popup $err
+	return
     }
     set oldmainid $mainheadid
+    if {! [info exists headids($newhead)]} {
+	set headids($newhead) $newheadid
+	lappend idheads($newheadid) $newhead
+	addedhead $newheadid $newhead
+    }
     set mainhead $newhead
     set mainheadid $newheadid
     set viewmainheadid($curview) $newheadid
@@ -9726,8 +9985,10 @@ proc showrefs {} {
 	-width 30 -height 20 -cursor $maincursor \
 	-spacing1 1 -spacing3 1 -state disabled
     $top.list tag configure highlight -background $selectbgcolor
-    lappend bglist $top.list
-    lappend fglist $top.list
+    if {![lsearch -exact $bglist $top.list]} {
+	lappend bglist $top.list
+	lappend fglist $top.list
+    }
     ${NS}::scrollbar $top.ysb -command "$top.list yview" -orient vertical
     ${NS}::scrollbar $top.xsb -command "$top.list xview" -orient horizontal
     grid $top.list $top.ysb -sticky nsew
@@ -10010,9 +10271,9 @@ proc getallclines {fd} {
     }
     if {$nid > 0} {
 	global cached_dheads cached_dtags cached_atags
-	catch {unset cached_dheads}
-	catch {unset cached_dtags}
-	catch {unset cached_atags}
+	unset -nocomplain cached_dheads
+	unset -nocomplain cached_dtags
+	unset -nocomplain cached_atags
     }
     if {![eof $fd]} {
 	return [expr {$nid >= 1000? 2: 1}]
@@ -10252,7 +10513,7 @@ proc dropcache {err} {
     foreach v {arcnos arcout arcids arcstart arcend growing \
 		   arctags archeads allparents allchildren} {
 	global $v
-	catch {unset $v}
+	unset -nocomplain $v
     }
     set allcwait 0
     set nextarc 0
@@ -10903,8 +11164,8 @@ proc addedtag {id} {
     if {![info exists arcout($id)]} {
 	recalcarc [lindex $arcnos($id) 0]
     }
-    catch {unset cached_dtags}
-    catch {unset cached_atags}
+    unset -nocomplain cached_dtags
+    unset -nocomplain cached_atags
 }
 
 proc addedhead {hid head} {
@@ -10914,13 +11175,13 @@ proc addedhead {hid head} {
     if {![info exists arcout($hid)]} {
 	recalcarc [lindex $arcnos($hid) 0]
     }
-    catch {unset cached_dheads}
+    unset -nocomplain cached_dheads
 }
 
 proc removedhead {hid head} {
     global cached_dheads
 
-    catch {unset cached_dheads}
+    unset -nocomplain cached_dheads
 }
 
 proc movedhead {hid head} {
@@ -10930,7 +11191,7 @@ proc movedhead {hid head} {
     if {![info exists arcout($hid)]} {
 	recalcarc [lindex $arcnos($hid) 0]
     }
-    catch {unset cached_dheads}
+    unset -nocomplain cached_dheads
 }
 
 proc changedrefs {} {
@@ -10946,10 +11207,10 @@ proc changedrefs {} {
 	    }
 	}
     }
-    catch {unset cached_tagcontent}
-    catch {unset cached_dtags}
-    catch {unset cached_atags}
-    catch {unset cached_dheads}
+    unset -nocomplain cached_tagcontent
+    unset -nocomplain cached_dtags
+    unset -nocomplain cached_atags
+    unset -nocomplain cached_dheads
 }
 
 proc rereadrefs {} {
@@ -11237,6 +11498,7 @@ proc prefspage_general {notebook} {
     ${NS}::label $page.maxwidthl -text [mc "Maximum graph width (lines)"]
     spinbox $page.maxwidth -from 0 -to 100 -width 4 -textvariable maxwidth
     grid $page.spacer $page.maxwidthl $page.maxwidth -sticky w
+                                         #xgettext:no-tcl-format
     ${NS}::label $page.maxpctl -text [mc "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"]
     spinbox $page.maxpct -from 1 -to 100 -width 4 -textvariable maxgraphpct
     grid x $page.maxpctl $page.maxpct -sticky w
@@ -11438,7 +11700,9 @@ proc choosecolor {v vi w x cmd} {
 proc setselbg {c} {
     global bglist cflist
     foreach w $bglist {
-	$w configure -selectbackground $c
+	if {[winfo exists $w]} {
+	    $w configure -selectbackground $c
+	}
     }
     $cflist tag configure highlight \
 	-background [$cflist cget -selectbackground]
@@ -11464,7 +11728,9 @@ proc setbg {c} {
     global bglist
 
     foreach w $bglist {
-	$w conf -background $c
+	if {[winfo exists $w]} {
+	    $w conf -background $c
+	}
     }
 }
 
@@ -11472,7 +11738,9 @@ proc setfg {c} {
     global fglist canv
 
     foreach w $fglist {
-	$w conf -foreground $c
+	if {[winfo exists $w]} {
+	    $w conf -foreground $c
+	}
     }
     allcanvs itemconf text -fill $c
     $canv itemconf circle -outline $c
@@ -11534,7 +11802,7 @@ proc prefsok {} {
 	($perfile_attrs && !$oldprefs(perfile_attrs))} {
 	# treediffs elements are limited by path;
 	# won't have encodings cached if perfile_attrs was just turned on
-	catch {unset treediffs}
+	unset -nocomplain treediffs
     }
     if {$fontchanged || $maxwidth != $oldprefs(maxwidth)
 	|| $maxgraphpct != $oldprefs(maxgraphpct)} {
@@ -11914,10 +12182,29 @@ proc get_path_encoding {path} {
     return $tcl_enc
 }
 
+## For msgcat loading, first locate the installation location.
+if { [info exists ::env(GITK_MSGSDIR)] } {
+    ## Msgsdir was manually set in the environment.
+    set gitk_msgsdir $::env(GITK_MSGSDIR)
+} else {
+    ## Let's guess the prefix from argv0.
+    set gitk_prefix [file dirname [file dirname [file normalize $argv0]]]
+    set gitk_libdir [file join $gitk_prefix share gitk lib]
+    set gitk_msgsdir [file join $gitk_libdir msgs]
+    unset gitk_prefix
+}
+
+## Internationalization (i18n) through msgcat and gettext. See
+## http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/Tcl.html
+package require msgcat
+namespace import ::msgcat::mc
+## And eventually load the actual message catalog
+::msgcat::mcload $gitk_msgsdir
+
 # First check that Tcl/Tk is recent enough
 if {[catch {package require Tk 8.4} err]} {
-    show_error {} . "Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n\
-		     Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4." list
+    show_error {} . [mc "Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n\
+			 Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."]
     exit 1
 }
 
@@ -11936,7 +12223,7 @@ if { [info exists ::env(GIT_TRACE)] } {
 }
 
 # defaults...
-set wrcomcmd "git diff-tree --stdin -p --pretty"
+set wrcomcmd "git diff-tree --stdin -p --pretty=email"
 
 set gitencoding {}
 catch {
@@ -12015,7 +12302,7 @@ if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "aqua"} {
     set extdifftool "meld"
 }
 
-set colors {green red blue magenta darkgrey brown orange}
+set colors {"#00ff00" red blue magenta darkgrey brown orange}
 if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "win32"} {
     set uicolor SystemButtonFace
     set uifgcolor SystemButtonText
@@ -12033,12 +12320,12 @@ if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "win32"} {
 }
 set diffcolors {red "#00a000" blue}
 set diffcontext 3
-set mergecolors {red blue green purple brown "#009090" magenta "#808000" "#009000" "#ff0080" cyan "#b07070" "#70b0f0" "#70f0b0" "#f0b070" "#ff70b0"}
+set mergecolors {red blue "#00ff00" purple brown "#009090" magenta "#808000" "#009000" "#ff0080" cyan "#b07070" "#70b0f0" "#70f0b0" "#f0b070" "#ff70b0"}
 set ignorespace 0
 set worddiff ""
 set markbgcolor "#e0e0ff"
 
-set headbgcolor green
+set headbgcolor "#00ff00"
 set headfgcolor black
 set headoutlinecolor black
 set remotebgcolor #ffddaa
@@ -12053,7 +12340,7 @@ set linehoverfgcolor black
 set linehoveroutlinecolor black
 set mainheadcirclecolor yellow
 set workingfilescirclecolor red
-set indexcirclecolor green
+set indexcirclecolor "#00ff00"
 set circlecolors {white blue gray blue blue}
 set linkfgcolor blue
 set circleoutlinecolor $fgcolor
@@ -12067,25 +12354,6 @@ if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "aqua"} {
     set ctxbut <Button-3>
 }
 
-## For msgcat loading, first locate the installation location.
-if { [info exists ::env(GITK_MSGSDIR)] } {
-    ## Msgsdir was manually set in the environment.
-    set gitk_msgsdir $::env(GITK_MSGSDIR)
-} else {
-    ## Let's guess the prefix from argv0.
-    set gitk_prefix [file dirname [file dirname [file normalize $argv0]]]
-    set gitk_libdir [file join $gitk_prefix share gitk lib]
-    set gitk_msgsdir [file join $gitk_libdir msgs]
-    unset gitk_prefix
-}
-
-## Internationalization (i18n) through msgcat and gettext. See
-## http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/Tcl.html
-package require msgcat
-namespace import ::msgcat::mc
-## And eventually load the actual message catalog
-::msgcat::mcload $gitk_msgsdir
-
 catch {
     # follow the XDG base directory specification by default. See
     # http://standards.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-latest.html
@@ -12109,6 +12377,7 @@ catch {
     }
     source $config_file
 }
+config_check_tmp_exists 50
 
 set config_variables {
     mainfont textfont uifont tabstop findmergefiles maxgraphpct maxwidth
@@ -12122,6 +12391,10 @@ set config_variables {
     linehoveroutlinecolor mainheadcirclecolor workingfilescirclecolor
     indexcirclecolor circlecolors linkfgcolor circleoutlinecolor
 }
+foreach var $config_variables {
+    config_init_trace $var
+    trace add variable $var write config_variable_change_cb
+}
 
 parsefont mainfont $mainfont
 eval font create mainfont [fontflags mainfont]
@@ -12215,6 +12488,10 @@ if {![info exists have_ttk]} {
 set use_ttk [expr {$have_ttk && $want_ttk}]
 set NS [expr {$use_ttk ? "ttk" : ""}]
 
+if {$use_ttk} {
+    setttkstyle
+}
+
 regexp {^git version ([\d.]*\d)} [exec git version] _ git_version
 
 set show_notes {}
@@ -12249,6 +12526,7 @@ set highlight_related [mc "None"]
 set highlight_files {}
 set viewfiles(0) {}
 set viewperm(0) 0
+set viewchanged(0) 0
 set viewargs(0) {}
 set viewargscmd(0) {}
 
@@ -12293,7 +12571,7 @@ catch {
 }
 # wait for the window to become visible
 tkwait visibility .
-wm title . "$appname: [reponame]"
+set_window_title
 update
 readrefs
 
@@ -12307,10 +12585,11 @@ if {$cmdline_files ne {} || $revtreeargs ne {} || $revtreeargscmd ne {}} {
     set viewargs(1) $revtreeargs
     set viewargscmd(1) $revtreeargscmd
     set viewperm(1) 0
+    set viewchanged(1) 0
     set vdatemode(1) 0
     addviewmenu 1
-    .bar.view entryconf [mca "Edit view..."] -state normal
-    .bar.view entryconf [mca "Delete view"] -state normal
+    .bar.view entryconf [mca "&Edit view..."] -state normal
+    .bar.view entryconf [mca "&Delete view"] -state normal
 }
 
 if {[info exists permviews]} {
@@ -12322,6 +12601,7 @@ if {[info exists permviews]} {
 	set viewargs($n) [lindex $v 2]
 	set viewargscmd($n) [lindex $v 3]
 	set viewperm($n) 1
+	set viewchanged($n) 0
 	addviewmenu $n
     }
 }
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/bg.po b/gitk-git/po/bg.po
index f86a161129..407d5550b1 100644
--- a/gitk-git/po/bg.po
+++ b/gitk-git/po/bg.po
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 # Bulgarian translation of gitk po-file.
-# Copyright (C) 2014 Alexander Shopov <ash@kambanaria.org>.
+# Copyright (C) 2014, 2015 Alexander Shopov <ash@kambanaria.org>.
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the git package.
-# Alexander Shopov <ash@kambanaria.org>, 2014.
+# Alexander Shopov <ash@kambanaria.org>, 2014, 2015.
 #
 #
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: gitk master\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-08-03 11:17+0300\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-07-28 07:32+0300\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-12-19 11:48+0200\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-12-19 11:49+0200\n"
 "Last-Translator: Alexander Shopov <ash@kambanaria.org>\n"
 "Language-Team: Bulgarian <dict@fsa-bg.org>\n"
 "Language: bg\n"
@@ -22,28 +22,28 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
 msgstr "Спи�ъкът � не�лети файлове не може да бъде получен:"
 
-#: gitk:212 gitk:2379
+#: gitk:212 gitk:2399
 msgid "Color words"
 msgstr "Оцвет�ване на думите"
 
-#: gitk:217 gitk:2379 gitk:8155 gitk:8188
+#: gitk:217 gitk:2399 gitk:8239 gitk:8272
 msgid "Markup words"
 msgstr "Отбел�зване на думите"
 
-#: gitk:322
+#: gitk:324
 msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
 msgstr "Грешка при разбор на вер�иите:"
 
-#: gitk:378
+#: gitk:380
 msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
 msgstr "Грешка при изпълнение на командата � „--argscmd“."
 
-#: gitk:391
+#: gitk:393
 msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
 msgstr ""
 "�е �а избрани файлове — указана е опци�та „--merge“, но н�ма не�лети файлове."
 
-#: gitk:394
+#: gitk:396
 msgid ""
 "No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
 "limit."
@@ -51,618 +51,655 @@ msgstr ""
 "�е �а избрани файлове — указана е опци�та „--merge“, но н�ма не�лети файлове "
 "в ограничени�та."
 
-#: gitk:416 gitk:564
+#: gitk:418 gitk:566
 msgid "Error executing git log:"
 msgstr "Грешка при изпълнение на „git log“:"
 
-#: gitk:434 gitk:580
+#: gitk:436 gitk:582
 msgid "Reading"
 msgstr "Прочитане"
 
-#: gitk:494 gitk:4470
+#: gitk:496 gitk:4544
 msgid "Reading commits..."
 msgstr "Прочитане на подавани�та…"
 
-#: gitk:497 gitk:1635 gitk:4473
+#: gitk:499 gitk:1637 gitk:4547
 msgid "No commits selected"
 msgstr "�е �а избрани подавани�"
 
-#: gitk:1509
+#: gitk:1445 gitk:4064 gitk:12469
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Команден ред"
+
+#: gitk:1511
 msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
 msgstr "Изходът от „git log“ не може да �е анализира:"
 
-#: gitk:1738
+#: gitk:1740
 msgid "No commit information available"
 msgstr "Лип�ва информаци� за подавани�"
 
-#: gitk:1895
-msgid "mc"
-msgstr "mc"
-
-#: gitk:1930 gitk:4263 gitk:9604 gitk:11174 gitk:11453
+#: gitk:1903 gitk:1932 gitk:4334 gitk:9702 gitk:11274 gitk:11554
 msgid "OK"
 msgstr "Добре"
 
-#: gitk:1932 gitk:4265 gitk:9131 gitk:9210 gitk:9326 gitk:9375 gitk:9606
-#: gitk:11175 gitk:11454
+#: gitk:1934 gitk:4336 gitk:9215 gitk:9294 gitk:9424 gitk:9473 gitk:9704
+#: gitk:11275 gitk:11555
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Отказ"
 
-#: gitk:2067
-msgid "Update"
-msgstr "Обнов�ване"
+#: gitk:2083
+msgid "&Update"
+msgstr "&Обнов�ване"
 
-#: gitk:2068
-msgid "Reload"
-msgstr "Презареждане"
+#: gitk:2084
+msgid "&Reload"
+msgstr "&Презареждане"
 
-#: gitk:2069
-msgid "Reread references"
-msgstr "�аново прочитане на на�тройките"
+#: gitk:2085
+msgid "Reread re&ferences"
+msgstr "&�аново прочитане на на�тройките"
 
-#: gitk:2070
-msgid "List references"
-msgstr "Избро�ване на указателите"
+#: gitk:2086
+msgid "&List references"
+msgstr "&Избро�ване на указателите"
 
-#: gitk:2072
-msgid "Start git gui"
-msgstr "Стартиране на „git gui“"
+#: gitk:2088
+msgid "Start git &gui"
+msgstr "&Стартиране на „git gui“"
 
-#: gitk:2074
-msgid "Quit"
-msgstr "Спиране на програмата"
+#: gitk:2090
+msgid "&Quit"
+msgstr "&Спиране на програмата"
 
-#: gitk:2066
-msgid "File"
-msgstr "Файл"
+#: gitk:2082
+msgid "&File"
+msgstr "&Файл"
 
-#: gitk:2078
-msgid "Preferences"
-msgstr "�а�тройки"
+#: gitk:2094
+msgid "&Preferences"
+msgstr "&�а�тройки"
 
-#: gitk:2077
-msgid "Edit"
-msgstr "Редактиране"
+#: gitk:2093
+msgid "&Edit"
+msgstr "&Редактиране"
 
-#: gitk:2082
-msgid "New view..."
-msgstr "�ов изглед…"
+#: gitk:2098
+msgid "&New view..."
+msgstr "&�ов изглед…"
 
-#: gitk:2083
-msgid "Edit view..."
-msgstr "Редактиране на изгледа…"
+#: gitk:2099
+msgid "&Edit view..."
+msgstr "&Редактиране на изгледа…"
 
-#: gitk:2084
-msgid "Delete view"
-msgstr "Изтриване на изгледа"
+#: gitk:2100
+msgid "&Delete view"
+msgstr "&Изтриване на изгледа"
 
-#: gitk:2086
-msgid "All files"
-msgstr "В�ички файлове"
+#: gitk:2102
+msgid "&All files"
+msgstr "&В�ички файлове"
 
-#: gitk:2081 gitk:4016
-msgid "View"
-msgstr "Изглед"
+#: gitk:2097
+msgid "&View"
+msgstr "&Изглед"
 
-#: gitk:2091 gitk:2101 gitk:2976
-msgid "About gitk"
-msgstr "Отно�но gitk"
+#: gitk:2107 gitk:2117
+msgid "&About gitk"
+msgstr "&Отно�но gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2092 gitk:2106
-msgid "Key bindings"
-msgstr "Клавишни комбинации"
+#: gitk:2108 gitk:2122
+msgid "&Key bindings"
+msgstr "&Клавишни комбинации"
 
-#: gitk:2090 gitk:2105
-msgid "Help"
-msgstr "Помощ"
+#: gitk:2106 gitk:2121
+msgid "&Help"
+msgstr "Помо&щ"
 
-#: gitk:2183 gitk:8587
+#: gitk:2199 gitk:8671
 msgid "SHA1 ID:"
 msgstr "SHA1:"
 
-#: gitk:2227
+#: gitk:2243
 msgid "Row"
 msgstr "Ред"
 
-#: gitk:2265
+#: gitk:2281
 msgid "Find"
 msgstr "Тър�ене"
 
-#: gitk:2293
+#: gitk:2309
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "подаване"
 
-#: gitk:2297 gitk:2299 gitk:4631 gitk:4654 gitk:4678 gitk:6698 gitk:6770
-#: gitk:6855
+#: gitk:2313 gitk:2315 gitk:4706 gitk:4729 gitk:4753 gitk:6774 gitk:6846
+#: gitk:6931
 msgid "containing:"
 msgstr "�ъдържащо:"
 
-#: gitk:2300 gitk:3488 gitk:3493 gitk:4707
+#: gitk:2316 gitk:3545 gitk:3550 gitk:4782
 msgid "touching paths:"
 msgstr "за��гащо пътищата:"
 
-#: gitk:2301 gitk:4721
+#: gitk:2317 gitk:4796
 msgid "adding/removing string:"
 msgstr "добав�що/премахващо низ"
 
-#: gitk:2302 gitk:4723
+#: gitk:2318 gitk:4798
 msgid "changing lines matching:"
 msgstr "промен�що редове напа�ващи:"
 
-#: gitk:2311 gitk:2313 gitk:4710
+#: gitk:2327 gitk:2329 gitk:4785
 msgid "Exact"
 msgstr "Точно"
 
-#: gitk:2313 gitk:4798 gitk:6666
+#: gitk:2329 gitk:4873 gitk:6742
 msgid "IgnCase"
 msgstr "Без реги�тър"
 
-#: gitk:2313 gitk:4680 gitk:4796 gitk:6662
+#: gitk:2329 gitk:4755 gitk:4871 gitk:6738
 msgid "Regexp"
 msgstr "Рег. израз"
 
-#: gitk:2315 gitk:2316 gitk:4818 gitk:4848 gitk:4855 gitk:6791 gitk:6859
+#: gitk:2331 gitk:2332 gitk:4893 gitk:4923 gitk:4930 gitk:6867 gitk:6935
 msgid "All fields"
 msgstr "В�ички полета"
 
-#: gitk:2316 gitk:4815 gitk:4848 gitk:6729
+#: gitk:2332 gitk:4890 gitk:4923 gitk:6805
 msgid "Headline"
 msgstr "Първи ред"
 
-#: gitk:2317 gitk:4815 gitk:6729 gitk:6859 gitk:7332
+#: gitk:2333 gitk:4890 gitk:6805 gitk:6935 gitk:7408
 msgid "Comments"
 msgstr "Коментари"
 
-#: gitk:2317 gitk:4815 gitk:4820 gitk:4855 gitk:6729 gitk:7267 gitk:8765
-#: gitk:8780
+#: gitk:2333 gitk:4890 gitk:4895 gitk:4930 gitk:6805 gitk:7343 gitk:8849
+#: gitk:8864
 msgid "Author"
 msgstr "�втор"
 
-#: gitk:2317 gitk:4815 gitk:6729 gitk:7269
+#: gitk:2333 gitk:4890 gitk:6805 gitk:7345
 msgid "Committer"
 msgstr "Подаващ"
 
-#: gitk:2348
+#: gitk:2367
 msgid "Search"
 msgstr "Тър�ене"
 
-#: gitk:2356
+#: gitk:2375
 msgid "Diff"
 msgstr "Разлики"
 
-#: gitk:2358
+#: gitk:2377
 msgid "Old version"
 msgstr "Стара вер�и�"
 
-#: gitk:2360
+#: gitk:2379
 msgid "New version"
 msgstr "�ова вер�и�"
 
-#: gitk:2362
+#: gitk:2382
 msgid "Lines of context"
 msgstr "Контек�т в редове"
 
-#: gitk:2372
+#: gitk:2392
 msgid "Ignore space change"
 msgstr "Празните знаци без значение"
 
-#: gitk:2376 gitk:2378 gitk:7894 gitk:8141
+#: gitk:2396 gitk:2398 gitk:7978 gitk:8225
 msgid "Line diff"
 msgstr "Поредови разлики"
 
-#: gitk:2443
+#: gitk:2463
 msgid "Patch"
 msgstr "Кръпка"
 
-#: gitk:2445
+#: gitk:2465
 msgid "Tree"
 msgstr "Дърво"
 
-#: gitk:2604 gitk:2624
+#: gitk:2635 gitk:2656
 msgid "Diff this -> selected"
 msgstr "Разлики между това и избраното"
 
-#: gitk:2605 gitk:2625
+#: gitk:2636 gitk:2657
 msgid "Diff selected -> this"
 msgstr "Разлики между избраното и това"
 
-#: gitk:2606 gitk:2626
+#: gitk:2637 gitk:2658
 msgid "Make patch"
 msgstr "Създаване на кръпка"
 
-#: gitk:2607 gitk:9189
+#: gitk:2638 gitk:9273
 msgid "Create tag"
 msgstr "Създаване на етикет"
 
-#: gitk:2608 gitk:9306
+#: gitk:2639
+msgid "Copy commit summary"
+msgstr "Копиране на информаци�та за подаване"
+
+#: gitk:2640 gitk:9404
 msgid "Write commit to file"
 msgstr "Запазване на подаването във файл"
 
-#: gitk:2609 gitk:9363
+#: gitk:2641 gitk:9461
 msgid "Create new branch"
 msgstr "Създаване на нов клон"
 
-#: gitk:2610
+#: gitk:2642
 msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
 msgstr "Отбиране на това подаване"
 
-#: gitk:2611
+#: gitk:2643
 msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
 msgstr "Привеждане на върха на клона към текущото подаване"
 
-#: gitk:2612
+#: gitk:2644
 msgid "Mark this commit"
 msgstr "Отбел�зване на това подаване"
 
-#: gitk:2613
+#: gitk:2645
 msgid "Return to mark"
 msgstr "Връщане към отбел�заното подаване"
 
-#: gitk:2614
+#: gitk:2646
 msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
 msgstr "Откриване и отбел�зване на на�ледниците"
 
-#: gitk:2615
+#: gitk:2647
 msgid "Compare with marked commit"
 msgstr "Сравнение � отбел�заното подаване"
 
-#: gitk:2616 gitk:2627
+#: gitk:2648 gitk:2659
 msgid "Diff this -> marked commit"
 msgstr "Разлики между това и отбел�заното"
 
-#: gitk:2617 gitk:2628
+#: gitk:2649 gitk:2660
 msgid "Diff marked commit -> this"
 msgstr "Разлики между отбел�заното и това"
 
-#: gitk:2618
+#: gitk:2650
 msgid "Revert this commit"
 msgstr "Отм�на на това подаване"
 
-#: gitk:2634
+#: gitk:2666
 msgid "Check out this branch"
 msgstr "Изтегл�не на този клон"
 
-#: gitk:2635
+#: gitk:2667
 msgid "Remove this branch"
 msgstr "Изтриване на този клон"
 
-#: gitk:2642
+#: gitk:2668
+msgid "Copy branch name"
+msgstr "Копиране на името на клона"
+
+#: gitk:2675
 msgid "Highlight this too"
 msgstr "Отбел�зване и на това"
 
-#: gitk:2643
+#: gitk:2676
 msgid "Highlight this only"
 msgstr "Отбел�зване �амо на това"
 
-#: gitk:2644
+#: gitk:2677
 msgid "External diff"
 msgstr "Външна програма за разлики"
 
-#: gitk:2645
+#: gitk:2678
 msgid "Blame parent commit"
 msgstr "�нотиране на родител�кото подаване"
 
-#: gitk:2652
+#: gitk:2679
+msgid "Copy path"
+msgstr "Копиране на път�"
+
+#: gitk:2686
 msgid "Show origin of this line"
 msgstr "Показване на произхода на този ред"
 
-#: gitk:2653
+#: gitk:2687
 msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
 msgstr "Изпълнение на „git gui blame“ върху този ред"
 
-#: gitk:2978
+#: gitk:3031
+msgid "About gitk"
+msgstr "Отно�но gitk"
+
+#: gitk:3033
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright © 2005-2014 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk — визуализаци� на подавани�та в Git\n"
 "\n"
-"�втор�ки права: © 2005-2014 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"�втор�ки права: © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Използвайте и разпро�тран�вайте при у�лови�та на ОПЛ на Г�У"
 
-#: gitk:2986 gitk:3051 gitk:9790
+#: gitk:3041 gitk:3108 gitk:9890
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "Затвар�не"
 
-#: gitk:3007
+#: gitk:3062
 msgid "Gitk key bindings"
 msgstr "Клавишни комбинации"
 
-#: gitk:3010
+#: gitk:3065
 msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
 msgstr "Клавишни комбинации:"
 
-#: gitk:3012
+#: gitk:3067
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
 msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tСпиране на програмата"
 
-#: gitk:3013
+#: gitk:3068
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-W>\t\tClose window"
 msgstr "<%s-W>\t\tЗатвар�не на прозореца"
 
-#: gitk:3014
+#: gitk:3069
 msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
 msgstr "<Home>\t\tКъм първото подаване"
 
-#: gitk:3015
+#: gitk:3070
 msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
 msgstr "<End>\t\tКъм по�ледното подаване"
 
-#: gitk:3016
+#: gitk:3071
 msgid "<Up>, p, k\tMove up one commit"
 msgstr "<Up>, p, k\tЕдно подаване нагоре"
 
-#: gitk:3017
+#: gitk:3072
 msgid "<Down>, n, j\tMove down one commit"
 msgstr "<Down>, n, j\tЕдно подаване надолу"
 
-#: gitk:3018
+#: gitk:3073
 msgid "<Left>, z, h\tGo back in history list"
 msgstr "<Left>, z, h\t�азад в и�тори�та"
 
-#: gitk:3019
+#: gitk:3074
 msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
 msgstr "<Right>, x, l\t�апред в и�тори�та"
 
-#: gitk:3020
+#: gitk:3075
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-n>\tGo to n-th parent of current commit in history list"
+msgstr "<%s-n>\tКъм n-ти� родител на текущото подаване в и�тори�та"
+
+#: gitk:3076
 msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageUp>\tСтраница нагоре в �пи�ъка � подавани�та"
 
-#: gitk:3021
+#: gitk:3077
 msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageDown>\tСтраница надолу в �пи�ъка � подавани�та"
 
-#: gitk:3022
+#: gitk:3078
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Home>\tКъм началото на �пи�ъка � подавани�та"
 
-#: gitk:3023
+#: gitk:3079
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-End>\tКъм кра� на �пи�ъка � подавани�та"
 
-#: gitk:3024
+#: gitk:3080
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Up>\tРед нагоре в �пи�ъка � подавани�"
 
-#: gitk:3025
+#: gitk:3081
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Down>\tРед надолу в �пи�ъка � подавани�"
 
-#: gitk:3026
+#: gitk:3082
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tСтраница нагоре в �пи�ъка � подавани�"
 
-#: gitk:3027
+#: gitk:3083
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tСтраница надолу в �пи�ъка � подавани�"
 
-#: gitk:3028
+#: gitk:3084
 msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
 msgstr "<Shift-Up>\tТър�ене назад (визуално нагоре, и�ториче�ки — по�ледващи)"
 
-#: gitk:3029
+#: gitk:3085
 msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
 msgstr ""
 "<Shift-Down>\tТър�ене напред (визуално надолу, и�ториче�ки — предхождащи)"
 
-#: gitk:3030
+#: gitk:3086
 msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Delete>, b\tСтраница нагоре в изгледа за разлики"
 
-#: gitk:3031
+#: gitk:3087
 msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Backspace>\tСтраница надолу в изгледа за разлики"
 
-#: gitk:3032
+#: gitk:3088
 msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
 msgstr "<Space>\t\tСтраница надолу в изгледа за разлики"
 
-#: gitk:3033
+#: gitk:3089
 msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
 msgstr "u\t\t18 реда нагоре в изгледа за разлики"
 
-#: gitk:3034
+#: gitk:3090
 msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
 msgstr "d\t\t18 реда надолу в изгледа за разлики"
 
-#: gitk:3035
+#: gitk:3091
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
 msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tТър�ене"
 
-#: gitk:3036
+#: gitk:3092
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tКъм �ледващата по�ва"
 
-#: gitk:3037
+#: gitk:3093
 msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<Return>\tКъм �ледващата по�ва"
 
-#: gitk:3038
+#: gitk:3094
+msgid "g\t\tGo to commit"
+msgstr "g\t\tКъм по�ледното подаване"
+
+#: gitk:3095
 msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
 msgstr "/\t\tФоку� върху полето за тър�ене"
 
-#: gitk:3039
+#: gitk:3096
 msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
 msgstr "?\t\tКъм предишната по�ва"
 
-#: gitk:3040
+#: gitk:3097
 msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
 msgstr "f\t\tСледващ файл в изгледа за разлики"
 
-#: gitk:3041
+#: gitk:3098
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tТър�ене на �ледващата по�ва в изгледа за разлики"
 
-#: gitk:3042
+#: gitk:3099
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tТър�ене на предишната по�ва в изгледа за разлики"
 
-#: gitk:3043
+#: gitk:3100
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-KP+>\tПо-гол�м размер на шрифта"
 
-#: gitk:3044
+#: gitk:3101
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-plus>\tПо-гол�м размер на шрифта"
 
-#: gitk:3045
+#: gitk:3102
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-KP->\tПо-малък размер на шрифта"
 
-#: gitk:3046
+#: gitk:3103
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-minus>\tПо-малък размер на шрифта"
 
-#: gitk:3047
+#: gitk:3104
 msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
 msgstr "<F5>\t\tОбнов�ване"
 
-#: gitk:3512 gitk:3521
+#: gitk:3569 gitk:3578
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
 msgstr "Грешка при �ъздаването на временната директори� „%s“:"
 
-#: gitk:3534
+#: gitk:3591
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
 msgstr "Грешка при получаването на „%s“ от %s:"
 
-#: gitk:3597
+#: gitk:3654
 msgid "command failed:"
 msgstr "неу�пешно изпълнение на команда:"
 
-#: gitk:3746
+#: gitk:3803
 msgid "No such commit"
 msgstr "Такова подаване н�ма"
 
-#: gitk:3760
+#: gitk:3817
 msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
 msgstr "„git gui blame“: неу�пешно изпълнение на команда:"
 
-#: gitk:3791
+#: gitk:3848
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
 msgstr "Върхът за �ливане не може да бъде прочетен: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3799
+#: gitk:3856
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error reading index: %s"
 msgstr "Грешка при прочитане на индек�а: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3824
+#: gitk:3881
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Командата „git blame“ не може да бъде �тартирана: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3827 gitk:6697
+#: gitk:3884 gitk:6773
 msgid "Searching"
 msgstr "Тър�ене"
 
-#: gitk:3859
+#: gitk:3916
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Грешка при изпълнението на „git blame“: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3887
+#: gitk:3944
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
-msgstr "Този ред идва от подаването %s,  което не е в изгледа"
+msgstr "Този ред идва от подаването %s, което не е в изгледа"
 
-#: gitk:3901
+#: gitk:3958
 msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
 msgstr "�еу�пешно изпълнение на външната програма за разлики:"
 
-#: gitk:4019
+#: gitk:4062
+msgid "All files"
+msgstr "В�ички файлове"
+
+#: gitk:4086
+msgid "View"
+msgstr "Изглед"
+
+#: gitk:4089
 msgid "Gitk view definition"
 msgstr "Дефиници� на изглед в Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:4023
+#: gitk:4093
 msgid "Remember this view"
 msgstr "Запазване на този изглед"
 
-#: gitk:4024
+#: gitk:4094
 msgid "References (space separated list):"
 msgstr "Указатели (�пи�ък � разделител интервал):"
 
-#: gitk:4025
+#: gitk:4095
 msgid "Branches & tags:"
 msgstr "Клони и етикети:"
 
-#: gitk:4026
+#: gitk:4096
 msgid "All refs"
 msgstr "В�ички указатели"
 
-#: gitk:4027
+#: gitk:4097
 msgid "All (local) branches"
 msgstr "В�ички (локални) клони"
 
-#: gitk:4028
+#: gitk:4098
 msgid "All tags"
 msgstr "В�ички етикети"
 
-#: gitk:4029
+#: gitk:4099
 msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "В�ички �лед�щи клони"
 
-#: gitk:4030
+#: gitk:4100
 msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
 msgstr "Информаци� за подаване (рег. изр.):"
 
-#: gitk:4031
+#: gitk:4101
 msgid "Author:"
 msgstr "�втор:"
 
-#: gitk:4032
+#: gitk:4102
 msgid "Committer:"
 msgstr "Подал:"
 
-#: gitk:4033
+#: gitk:4103
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Съобщение при подаване:"
 
-#: gitk:4034
+#: gitk:4104
 msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
-msgstr "Съвпадение по ко� да е информаци� за подаването"
+msgstr "Съвпадение по в�ички характери�тики на подаването"
 
-#: gitk:4035
+#: gitk:4105
+msgid "Matches no Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "�е �ъвпада по нико� от характери�тиките на подаването"
+
+#: gitk:4106
 msgid "Changes to Files:"
 msgstr "Промени по файловете:"
 
-#: gitk:4036
+#: gitk:4107
 msgid "Fixed String"
 msgstr "До�ловен низ"
 
-#: gitk:4037
+#: gitk:4108
 msgid "Regular Expression"
 msgstr "Регул�рен израз"
 
-#: gitk:4038
+#: gitk:4109
 msgid "Search string:"
 msgstr "�из за тър�ене:"
 
-#: gitk:4039
+#: gitk:4110
 msgid ""
 "Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
@@ -670,204 +707,204 @@ msgstr ""
 "Дата на подаване („2 weeks ago“ (преди 2 �едмици), „2009-03-17 15:27:38“, "
 "„March 17, 2009 15:27:38“):"
 
-#: gitk:4040
+#: gitk:4111
 msgid "Since:"
 msgstr "От:"
 
-#: gitk:4041
+#: gitk:4112
 msgid "Until:"
 msgstr "До:"
 
-#: gitk:4042
+#: gitk:4113
 msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
 msgstr ""
 "Ограничаване и/или пре�качане на определен брой вер�ии (неотрицателно ц�ло "
 "чи�ло):"
 
-#: gitk:4043
+#: gitk:4114
 msgid "Number to show:"
 msgstr "Брой показани:"
 
-#: gitk:4044
+#: gitk:4115
 msgid "Number to skip:"
 msgstr "Брой пре�кочени:"
 
-#: gitk:4045
+#: gitk:4116
 msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
 msgstr "Разни:"
 
-#: gitk:4046
+#: gitk:4117
 msgid "Strictly sort by date"
 msgstr "Подреждане по дата"
 
-#: gitk:4047
+#: gitk:4118
 msgid "Mark branch sides"
 msgstr "Отбел�зване на �траните по клона"
 
-#: gitk:4048
+#: gitk:4119
 msgid "Limit to first parent"
 msgstr "Само първи� родител"
 
-#: gitk:4049
+#: gitk:4120
 msgid "Simple history"
 msgstr "Опро�тена и�тори�"
 
-#: gitk:4050
+#: gitk:4121
 msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
 msgstr "Допълнителни аргументи към „git log“:"
 
-#: gitk:4051
+#: gitk:4122
 msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
 msgstr "Въведете файловете и директориите за включване, по елемент на ред"
 
-#: gitk:4052
+#: gitk:4123
 msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
 msgstr ""
 "Команда за генерирането на допълнителни подавани�, които да бъдат включени:"
 
-#: gitk:4176
+#: gitk:4247
 msgid "Gitk: edit view"
 msgstr "Gitk: редактиране на изглед"
 
-#: gitk:4184
+#: gitk:4255
 msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
 msgstr "— критерии за избор на вер�ии"
 
-#: gitk:4189
+#: gitk:4260
 msgid "View Name"
 msgstr "Име на изглед"
 
-#: gitk:4264
+#: gitk:4335
 msgid "Apply (F5)"
 msgstr "Прилагане (F5)"
 
-#: gitk:4302
+#: gitk:4373
 msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
 msgstr "Грешка в аргументите за избор на подавани�:"
 
-#: gitk:4355 gitk:4407 gitk:4868 gitk:4882 gitk:6152 gitk:12281 gitk:12282
+#: gitk:4428 gitk:4481 gitk:4943 gitk:4957 gitk:6227 gitk:12410 gitk:12411
 msgid "None"
 msgstr "��ма"
 
-#: gitk:4965 gitk:4970
+#: gitk:5040 gitk:5045
 msgid "Descendant"
 msgstr "�а�ледник"
 
-#: gitk:4966
+#: gitk:5041
 msgid "Not descendant"
 msgstr "�е е на�ледник"
 
-#: gitk:4973 gitk:4978
+#: gitk:5048 gitk:5053
 msgid "Ancestor"
 msgstr "Предше�твеник"
 
-#: gitk:4974
+#: gitk:5049
 msgid "Not ancestor"
 msgstr "�е е предше�твеник"
 
-#: gitk:5268
+#: gitk:5343
 msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
 msgstr "Локални промени добавени към индек�а, но неподадени"
 
-#: gitk:5304
+#: gitk:5379
 msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
 msgstr "Локални промени извън индек�а"
 
-#: gitk:7077
+#: gitk:7153
 msgid "and many more"
 msgstr "и още много"
 
-#: gitk:7080
+#: gitk:7156
 msgid "many"
 msgstr "много"
 
-#: gitk:7271
+#: gitk:7347
 msgid "Tags:"
 msgstr "Етикети:"
 
-#: gitk:7288 gitk:7294 gitk:8760
+#: gitk:7364 gitk:7370 gitk:8844
 msgid "Parent"
 msgstr "Родител"
 
-#: gitk:7299
+#: gitk:7375
 msgid "Child"
 msgstr "Дете"
 
-#: gitk:7308
+#: gitk:7384
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "Клон"
 
-#: gitk:7311
+#: gitk:7387
 msgid "Follows"
 msgstr "Следва"
 
-#: gitk:7314
+#: gitk:7390
 msgid "Precedes"
 msgstr "Предше�тва"
 
-#: gitk:7901
+#: gitk:7985
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
 msgstr "Грешка при получаването на разликите: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8585
+#: gitk:8669
 msgid "Goto:"
 msgstr "Към ред:"
 
-#: gitk:8606
+#: gitk:8690
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
 msgstr "Съкратената �ума по SHA1 %s не е еднозначна"
 
-#: gitk:8613
+#: gitk:8697
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not known"
 msgstr "�епозната вер�и� %s"
 
-#: gitk:8623
+#: gitk:8707
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
 msgstr "�епозната �ума по SHA1 %s"
 
-#: gitk:8625
+#: gitk:8709
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
 msgstr "Вер�и� %s не е в текущи� изглед"
 
-#: gitk:8767 gitk:8782
+#: gitk:8851 gitk:8866
 msgid "Date"
 msgstr "Дата"
 
-#: gitk:8770
+#: gitk:8854
 msgid "Children"
 msgstr "Деца"
 
-#: gitk:8833
+#: gitk:8917
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
 msgstr "Занул�ване на клона „%s“ към текущото подаване"
 
-#: gitk:8835
+#: gitk:8919
 msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
 msgstr "�е�вързан връх: невъзможно занул�ване"
 
-#: gitk:8940 gitk:8946
+#: gitk:9024 gitk:9030
 msgid "Skipping merge commit "
 msgstr "Пропу�кане на подаването на �ливането"
 
-#: gitk:8955 gitk:8960
+#: gitk:9039 gitk:9044
 msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
 msgstr "Грешка при получаването на идентификатора на "
 
-#: gitk:8956 gitk:8961
+#: gitk:9040 gitk:9045
 msgid " - stopping\n"
 msgstr " — �пиране\n"
 
-#: gitk:8966 gitk:8969 gitk:8977 gitk:8991 gitk:9000
+#: gitk:9050 gitk:9053 gitk:9061 gitk:9075 gitk:9084
 msgid "Commit "
 msgstr "Подаване"
 
-#: gitk:8970
+#: gitk:9054
 msgid ""
 " is the same patch as\n"
 "       "
@@ -875,7 +912,7 @@ msgstr ""
 " е �ъщата кръпка като\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8978
+#: gitk:9062
 msgid ""
 " differs from\n"
 "       "
@@ -883,7 +920,7 @@ msgstr ""
 " �е различава от\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8980
+#: gitk:9064
 msgid ""
 "Diff of commits:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -891,130 +928,130 @@ msgstr ""
 "Разлика между подавани�та:\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: gitk:8992 gitk:9001
+#: gitk:9076 gitk:9085
 #, tcl-format
 msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
 msgstr " има %s деца — �пиране\n"
 
-#: gitk:9020
+#: gitk:9104
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
 msgstr "Грешка при запазването на подаването във файл: %s"
 
-#: gitk:9026
+#: gitk:9110
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
 msgstr "Грешка при изчи�л�ването на разликите между подавани�та: %s"
 
-#: gitk:9072
+#: gitk:9156
 msgid "Top"
 msgstr "�ай-горе"
 
-#: gitk:9073
+#: gitk:9157
 msgid "From"
 msgstr "От"
 
-#: gitk:9078
+#: gitk:9162
 msgid "To"
 msgstr "До"
 
-#: gitk:9102
+#: gitk:9186
 msgid "Generate patch"
 msgstr "Генериране на кръпка"
 
-#: gitk:9104
+#: gitk:9188
 msgid "From:"
 msgstr "От:"
 
-#: gitk:9113
+#: gitk:9197
 msgid "To:"
 msgstr "До:"
 
-#: gitk:9122
+#: gitk:9206
 msgid "Reverse"
 msgstr "Обръщане"
 
-#: gitk:9124 gitk:9320
+#: gitk:9208 gitk:9418
 msgid "Output file:"
 msgstr "Запазване във файла:"
 
-#: gitk:9130
+#: gitk:9214
 msgid "Generate"
 msgstr "Генериране"
 
-#: gitk:9168
+#: gitk:9252
 msgid "Error creating patch:"
 msgstr "Грешка при �ъздаването на кръпка:"
 
-#: gitk:9191 gitk:9308 gitk:9365
+#: gitk:9275 gitk:9406 gitk:9463
 msgid "ID:"
 msgstr "Идентификатор:"
 
-#: gitk:9200
+#: gitk:9284
 msgid "Tag name:"
 msgstr "Име на етикет:"
 
-#: gitk:9203
+#: gitk:9287
 msgid "Tag message is optional"
 msgstr "Съобщението за етикет е незадължително"
 
-#: gitk:9205
+#: gitk:9289
 msgid "Tag message:"
 msgstr "Съобщение за етикет:"
 
-#: gitk:9209 gitk:9374
+#: gitk:9293 gitk:9472
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "Създаване"
 
-#: gitk:9227
+#: gitk:9311
 msgid "No tag name specified"
 msgstr "Лип�ва име на етикет"
 
-#: gitk:9231
+#: gitk:9315
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
 msgstr "Етикетът „%s“ вече �ъще�твува"
 
-#: gitk:9241
+#: gitk:9325
 msgid "Error creating tag:"
 msgstr "Грешка при �ъздаването на етикет:"
 
-#: gitk:9317
+#: gitk:9415
 msgid "Command:"
 msgstr "Команда:"
 
-#: gitk:9325
+#: gitk:9423
 msgid "Write"
 msgstr "Запазване"
 
-#: gitk:9343
+#: gitk:9441
 msgid "Error writing commit:"
 msgstr "Грешка при запазването на подаването:"
 
-#: gitk:9370
+#: gitk:9468
 msgid "Name:"
 msgstr "Име:"
 
-#: gitk:9393
+#: gitk:9491
 msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
 msgstr "Укажете име за нови� клон"
 
-#: gitk:9398
+#: gitk:9496
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
 msgstr "Клонът „%s“ вече �ъще�твува. Да бъде ли презапи�ан?"
 
-#: gitk:9465
+#: gitk:9563
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
 msgstr ""
 "Подаването „%s“ вече е включено в клона „%s“ — да бъде ли приложено отново?"
 
-#: gitk:9470
+#: gitk:9568
 msgid "Cherry-picking"
 msgstr "Отбиране"
 
-#: gitk:9479
+#: gitk:9577
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
@@ -1023,7 +1060,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "�еу�пешно отбиране, защото във файла „%s“ има локални промени.\n"
 "Подайте, занулете или ги �катайте и пробвайте отново."
 
-#: gitk:9485
+#: gitk:9583
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
 "Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
@@ -1031,20 +1068,20 @@ msgstr ""
 "�еу�пешно отбиране поради конфликти при �ливане.\n"
 "И�кате ли да ги коригирате чрез „git citool“?"
 
-#: gitk:9501 gitk:9559
+#: gitk:9599 gitk:9657
 msgid "No changes committed"
 msgstr "�е �а подадени промени"
 
-#: gitk:9528
+#: gitk:9626
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is not included in branch %s -- really revert it?"
 msgstr "Подаването „%s“ не е включено в клона „%s“. Да бъде ли отменено?"
 
-#: gitk:9533
+#: gitk:9631
 msgid "Reverting"
 msgstr "Отм�на"
 
-#: gitk:9541
+#: gitk:9639
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Revert failed because of local changes to the following files:%s Please "
@@ -1053,7 +1090,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "�еу�пешна отм�на, защото във файла „%s“ има локални промени.\n"
 "Подайте, занулете или ги �катайте и пробвайте отново.<"
 
-#: gitk:9545
+#: gitk:9643
 msgid ""
 "Revert failed because of merge conflict.\n"
 " Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
@@ -1061,28 +1098,28 @@ msgstr ""
 "�еу�пешно отм�на поради конфликти при �ливане.\n"
 "И�кате ли да ги коригирате чрез „git citool“?"
 
-#: gitk:9588
+#: gitk:9686
 msgid "Confirm reset"
 msgstr "Потвърждаване на занул�ването"
 
-#: gitk:9590
+#: gitk:9688
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
 msgstr "Да �е занули ли клонът „%s“ към „%s“?"
 
-#: gitk:9592
+#: gitk:9690
 msgid "Reset type:"
 msgstr "Вид занул�ване:"
 
-#: gitk:9595
+#: gitk:9693
 msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
 msgstr "Слабо: работното дърво и индек�а о�тават �ъщите"
 
-#: gitk:9598
+#: gitk:9696
 msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
 msgstr "Сме�ено: работното дърво о�тава �ъщото, индек�ът �е занул�ва"
 
-#: gitk:9601
+#: gitk:9699
 msgid ""
 "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
 "(discard ALL local changes)"
@@ -1090,19 +1127,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "Силно: занул�ване и на работното дърво, и на индек�а\n"
 "(*ВСИЧКИ* локални промени ще бъдат безвъзвратно загубени)"
 
-#: gitk:9618
+#: gitk:9716
 msgid "Resetting"
 msgstr "Занул�ване"
 
-#: gitk:9678
+#: gitk:9776
 msgid "Checking out"
 msgstr "Изтегл�не"
 
-#: gitk:9731
+#: gitk:9829
 msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
 msgstr "Текущо изтеглени�т клон не може да бъде изтрит"
 
-#: gitk:9737
+#: gitk:9835
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
@@ -1111,16 +1148,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "Подавани�та на клона „%s“ не �а на никой друг клон.\n"
 "�аи�тина ли да �е изтрие клонът „%s“?"
 
-#: gitk:9768
+#: gitk:9866
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
 msgstr "Етикети и върхове: %s"
 
-#: gitk:9783
+#: gitk:9883
 msgid "Filter"
 msgstr "Филтриране"
 
-#: gitk:10079
+#: gitk:10179
 msgid ""
 "Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
 "tag information will be incomplete."
@@ -1128,213 +1165,217 @@ msgstr ""
 "Грешка при прочитането на топологи�та на подавани�та. Информаци�та за клона "
 "и предше�тващите/�ледващите етикети ще е непълна."
 
-#: gitk:11056
+#: gitk:11156
 msgid "Tag"
 msgstr "Етикет"
 
-#: gitk:11060
+#: gitk:11160
 msgid "Id"
 msgstr "Идентификатор"
 
-#: gitk:11143
+#: gitk:11243
 msgid "Gitk font chooser"
 msgstr "Избор на шрифт за Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:11160
+#: gitk:11260
 msgid "B"
 msgstr "Ч"
 
-#: gitk:11163
+#: gitk:11263
 msgid "I"
 msgstr "К"
 
-#: gitk:11281
+#: gitk:11381
 msgid "Commit list display options"
 msgstr "�а�тройки на �пи�ъка � подавани�"
 
-#: gitk:11284
+#: gitk:11384
 msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
 msgstr "Мак�имална широчина на графа (в редове)"
 
-#: gitk:11287
-#, tcl-format
+#: gitk:11388
+#, no-tcl-format
 msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
 msgstr "Мак�имална широчина на графа (% от панела)"
 
-#: gitk:11290
+#: gitk:11391
 msgid "Show local changes"
 msgstr "Показване на локалните промени"
 
-#: gitk:11293
+#: gitk:11394
 msgid "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"
 msgstr "�втоматично избиране на SHA1 (дължина)"
 
-#: gitk:11297
+#: gitk:11398
 msgid "Hide remote refs"
 msgstr "Скриване на отдалечените указатели"
 
-#: gitk:11301
+#: gitk:11402
 msgid "Diff display options"
 msgstr "�а�тройки на показването на разликите"
 
-#: gitk:11303
+#: gitk:11404
 msgid "Tab spacing"
 msgstr "Широчина на табулатора"
 
-#: gitk:11306
+#: gitk:11407
 msgid "Display nearby tags/heads"
 msgstr "Извеждане на близките етикети и върхове"
 
-#: gitk:11309
+#: gitk:11410
 msgid "Maximum # tags/heads to show"
 msgstr "Мак�имален брой етикети/върхове за показване"
 
-#: gitk:11312
+#: gitk:11413
 msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
 msgstr "Разлика �амо в избраните пътища"
 
-#: gitk:11315
+#: gitk:11416
 msgid "Support per-file encodings"
 msgstr "Поддръжка на различни кодирани� за в�еки файл"
 
-#: gitk:11321 gitk:11468
+#: gitk:11422 gitk:11569
 msgid "External diff tool"
 msgstr "Външен ин�трумент за разлики"
 
-#: gitk:11322
+#: gitk:11423
 msgid "Choose..."
 msgstr "Избор…"
 
-#: gitk:11327
+#: gitk:11428
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Общи на�тройки"
 
-#: gitk:11330
+#: gitk:11431
 msgid "Use themed widgets"
 msgstr "Използване на тема за графичните обекти"
 
-#: gitk:11332
+#: gitk:11433
 msgid "(change requires restart)"
 msgstr "(пром�ната изи�ква ре�тартиране на Gitk)"
 
-#: gitk:11334
+#: gitk:11435
 msgid "(currently unavailable)"
 msgstr "(в момента недо�тъпно)"
 
-#: gitk:11345
+#: gitk:11446
 msgid "Colors: press to choose"
 msgstr "Цветове: избира �е � нати�кане"
 
-#: gitk:11348
+#: gitk:11449
 msgid "Interface"
 msgstr "Интерфей�"
 
-#: gitk:11349
+#: gitk:11450
 msgid "interface"
 msgstr "интерфей�"
 
-#: gitk:11352
+#: gitk:11453
 msgid "Background"
 msgstr "Фон"
 
-#: gitk:11353 gitk:11383
+#: gitk:11454 gitk:11484
 msgid "background"
 msgstr "фон"
 
-#: gitk:11356
+#: gitk:11457
 msgid "Foreground"
 msgstr "Знаци"
 
-#: gitk:11357
+#: gitk:11458
 msgid "foreground"
 msgstr "знаци"
 
-#: gitk:11360
+#: gitk:11461
 msgid "Diff: old lines"
 msgstr "Разлика: �тари редове"
 
-#: gitk:11361
+#: gitk:11462
 msgid "diff old lines"
 msgstr "разлика, �тари редове"
 
-#: gitk:11365
+#: gitk:11466
 msgid "Diff: new lines"
 msgstr "Разлика: нови редове"
 
-#: gitk:11366
+#: gitk:11467
 msgid "diff new lines"
 msgstr "разлика, нови редове"
 
-#: gitk:11370
+#: gitk:11471
 msgid "Diff: hunk header"
 msgstr "Разлика: начало на парче"
 
-#: gitk:11372
+#: gitk:11473
 msgid "diff hunk header"
 msgstr "разлика, начало на парче"
 
-#: gitk:11376
+#: gitk:11477
 msgid "Marked line bg"
 msgstr "Фон на отбел�зан ред"
 
-#: gitk:11378
+#: gitk:11479
 msgid "marked line background"
 msgstr "фон на отбел�зан ред"
 
-#: gitk:11382
+#: gitk:11483
 msgid "Select bg"
 msgstr "Избор на фон"
 
-#: gitk:11391
+#: gitk:11492
 msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
 msgstr "Шрифтове: избира �е � нати�кане"
 
-#: gitk:11393
+#: gitk:11494
 msgid "Main font"
 msgstr "О�новен шрифт"
 
-#: gitk:11394
+#: gitk:11495
 msgid "Diff display font"
 msgstr "Шрифт за разликите"
 
-#: gitk:11395
+#: gitk:11496
 msgid "User interface font"
 msgstr "Шрифт на интерфей�а"
 
-#: gitk:11417
+#: gitk:11518
 msgid "Gitk preferences"
 msgstr "�а�тройки на Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:11426
+#: gitk:11527
 msgid "General"
 msgstr "Общи"
 
-#: gitk:11427
+#: gitk:11528
 msgid "Colors"
 msgstr "Цветове"
 
-#: gitk:11428
+#: gitk:11529
 msgid "Fonts"
 msgstr "Шрифтове"
 
-#: gitk:11478
+#: gitk:11579
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
 msgstr "Gitk: избор на цв�т на „%s“"
 
-#: gitk:12177
+#: gitk:12092
+msgid ""
+"Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+msgstr ""
+"Тази вер�и� на Tcl/Tk не �е поддържа от Gitk.\n"
+" �еобходима ви е поне Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+
+#: gitk:12302
 msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
 msgstr "Тук лип�ва хранилище на Git."
 
-#: gitk:12224
+#: gitk:12349
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
 msgstr "�ееднозначен аргумент „%s“: има и такава вер�и�, и такъв файл"
 
-#: gitk:12236
+#: gitk:12361
 msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
 msgstr "�еправилни аргументи на gitk:"
-
-#: gitk:12339
-msgid "Command line"
-msgstr "Команден ред"
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/ca.po b/gitk-git/po/ca.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..87dfc18b44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitk-git/po/ca.po
@@ -0,0 +1,1369 @@
+# Translation of gitk
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the gitk package.
+# Alex Henrie <alexhenrie24@gmail.com>, 2015.
+#
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: gitk\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-05-17 14:32+1000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-10-05 22:23-0600\n"
+"Last-Translator: Alex Henrie <alexhenrie24@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Catalan\n"
+"Language: ca\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 1.8.5\n"
+
+#: gitk:140
+msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut obtenir la llista de fitxers no fusionats:"
+
+#: gitk:212 gitk:2381
+msgid "Color words"
+msgstr "Colora les paraules"
+
+#: gitk:217 gitk:2381 gitk:8220 gitk:8253
+msgid "Markup words"
+msgstr "Marca les paraules"
+
+#: gitk:324
+msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
+msgstr "Error en analitzar les revisions:"
+
+#: gitk:380
+msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
+msgstr "Error en executar l'ordre --argscmd:"
+
+#: gitk:393
+msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
+msgstr ""
+"No hi ha fitxers seleccionats: s'ha especificat --merge però cap fitxer està "
+"sense fusionar."
+
+#: gitk:396
+msgid ""
+"No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
+"limit."
+msgstr ""
+"No hi ha fitxers seleccionats: s'ha especificat --merge però cap fitxer "
+"sense fusionar està dins del límit de fitxers."
+
+#: gitk:418 gitk:566
+msgid "Error executing git log:"
+msgstr "Error en executar git log:"
+
+#: gitk:436 gitk:582
+msgid "Reading"
+msgstr "Llegint"
+
+#: gitk:496 gitk:4525
+msgid "Reading commits..."
+msgstr "Llegint les revisions..."
+
+#: gitk:499 gitk:1637 gitk:4528
+msgid "No commits selected"
+msgstr "Cap comissió seleccionada"
+
+#: gitk:1445 gitk:4045 gitk:12432
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Línia d'ordres"
+
+#: gitk:1511
+msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
+msgstr "No es pot analitzar la sortida del git log:"
+
+#: gitk:1740
+msgid "No commit information available"
+msgstr "Cap informació de comissió disponible"
+
+#: gitk:1903 gitk:1932 gitk:4315 gitk:9669 gitk:11241 gitk:11521
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "D'acord"
+
+#: gitk:1934 gitk:4317 gitk:9196 gitk:9275 gitk:9391 gitk:9440 gitk:9671
+#: gitk:11242 gitk:11522
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Cancel·la"
+
+#: gitk:2069
+msgid "&Update"
+msgstr "Actualitza"
+
+#: gitk:2070
+msgid "&Reload"
+msgstr "Recarrega"
+
+#: gitk:2071
+msgid "Reread re&ferences"
+msgstr "Rellegeix les referències"
+
+#: gitk:2072
+msgid "&List references"
+msgstr "Llista les referències"
+
+#: gitk:2074
+msgid "Start git &gui"
+msgstr "Inicia el git gui"
+
+#: gitk:2076
+msgid "&Quit"
+msgstr "Surt"
+
+#: gitk:2068
+msgid "&File"
+msgstr "Fitxer"
+
+#: gitk:2080
+msgid "&Preferences"
+msgstr "Preferències"
+
+#: gitk:2079
+msgid "&Edit"
+msgstr "Edita"
+
+#: gitk:2084
+msgid "&New view..."
+msgstr "Vista nova..."
+
+#: gitk:2085
+msgid "&Edit view..."
+msgstr "Edita la vista..."
+
+#: gitk:2086
+msgid "&Delete view"
+msgstr "Suprimeix la vista"
+
+#: gitk:2088 gitk:4043
+msgid "&All files"
+msgstr "Tots els fitxers"
+
+#: gitk:2083 gitk:4067
+msgid "&View"
+msgstr "Vista"
+
+#: gitk:2093 gitk:2103 gitk:3012
+msgid "&About gitk"
+msgstr "Quant al gitk"
+
+#: gitk:2094 gitk:2108
+msgid "&Key bindings"
+msgstr "Associacions de tecles"
+
+#: gitk:2092 gitk:2107
+msgid "&Help"
+msgstr "Ajuda"
+
+#: gitk:2185 gitk:8652
+msgid "SHA1 ID:"
+msgstr "ID SHA1:"
+
+#: gitk:2229
+msgid "Row"
+msgstr "Fila"
+
+#: gitk:2267
+msgid "Find"
+msgstr "Cerca"
+
+#: gitk:2295
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "comissió"
+
+#: gitk:2299 gitk:2301 gitk:4687 gitk:4710 gitk:4734 gitk:6755 gitk:6827
+#: gitk:6912
+msgid "containing:"
+msgstr "que contingui:"
+
+#: gitk:2302 gitk:3526 gitk:3531 gitk:4763
+msgid "touching paths:"
+msgstr "que toqui els camins:"
+
+#: gitk:2303 gitk:4777
+msgid "adding/removing string:"
+msgstr "que afegeixi/elimini la cadena:"
+
+#: gitk:2304 gitk:4779
+msgid "changing lines matching:"
+msgstr "que tingui línies canviades coincidents amb:"
+
+#: gitk:2313 gitk:2315 gitk:4766
+msgid "Exact"
+msgstr "Exacte"
+
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4854 gitk:6723
+msgid "IgnCase"
+msgstr "Ignora majúscula i minúscula"
+
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4736 gitk:4852 gitk:6719
+msgid "Regexp"
+msgstr "Regexp"
+
+#: gitk:2317 gitk:2318 gitk:4874 gitk:4904 gitk:4911 gitk:6848 gitk:6916
+msgid "All fields"
+msgstr "Tots els camps"
+
+#: gitk:2318 gitk:4871 gitk:4904 gitk:6786
+msgid "Headline"
+msgstr "Titular"
+
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:6786 gitk:6916 gitk:7389
+msgid "Comments"
+msgstr "Comentaris"
+
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:4876 gitk:4911 gitk:6786 gitk:7324 gitk:8830
+#: gitk:8845
+msgid "Author"
+msgstr "Autor"
+
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:6786 gitk:7326
+msgid "Committer"
+msgstr "Comitent"
+
+#: gitk:2350
+msgid "Search"
+msgstr "Cerca"
+
+#: gitk:2358
+msgid "Diff"
+msgstr "Diferència"
+
+#: gitk:2360
+msgid "Old version"
+msgstr "Versió antiga"
+
+#: gitk:2362
+msgid "New version"
+msgstr "Versió nova"
+
+#: gitk:2364
+msgid "Lines of context"
+msgstr "Línies de context"
+
+#: gitk:2374
+msgid "Ignore space change"
+msgstr "Ignora canvis d'espai"
+
+#: gitk:2378 gitk:2380 gitk:7959 gitk:8206
+msgid "Line diff"
+msgstr "Diferència de línies"
+
+#: gitk:2445
+msgid "Patch"
+msgstr "Pedaç"
+
+#: gitk:2447
+msgid "Tree"
+msgstr "Arbre"
+
+#: gitk:2617 gitk:2637
+msgid "Diff this -> selected"
+msgstr "Diferencia aquesta -> la seleccionada"
+
+#: gitk:2618 gitk:2638
+msgid "Diff selected -> this"
+msgstr "Diferencia la seleccionada -> aquesta"
+
+#: gitk:2619 gitk:2639
+msgid "Make patch"
+msgstr "Fes pedaç"
+
+#: gitk:2620 gitk:9254
+msgid "Create tag"
+msgstr "Crea etiqueta"
+
+#: gitk:2621 gitk:9371
+msgid "Write commit to file"
+msgstr "Escriu la comissió a un fitxer"
+
+#: gitk:2622 gitk:9428
+msgid "Create new branch"
+msgstr "Crea una branca nova"
+
+#: gitk:2623
+msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
+msgstr "Recull aquesta comissió com a cirera"
+
+#: gitk:2624
+msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
+msgstr "Restableix la branca HEAD aquí"
+
+#: gitk:2625
+msgid "Mark this commit"
+msgstr "Marca aquesta comissió"
+
+#: gitk:2626
+msgid "Return to mark"
+msgstr "Torna a la marca"
+
+#: gitk:2627
+msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
+msgstr "Troba la descendent d'aquesta i marca-la"
+
+#: gitk:2628
+msgid "Compare with marked commit"
+msgstr "Compara amb la comissió marcada"
+
+#: gitk:2629 gitk:2640
+msgid "Diff this -> marked commit"
+msgstr "Diferencia aquesta -> la comissió marcada"
+
+#: gitk:2630 gitk:2641
+msgid "Diff marked commit -> this"
+msgstr "Diferencia la comissió seleccionada -> aquesta"
+
+#: gitk:2631
+msgid "Revert this commit"
+msgstr "Reverteix aquesta comissió"
+
+#: gitk:2647
+msgid "Check out this branch"
+msgstr "Agafa aquesta branca"
+
+#: gitk:2648
+msgid "Remove this branch"
+msgstr "Elimina aquesta branca"
+
+#: gitk:2649
+msgid "Copy branch name"
+msgstr "Copia el nom de branca"
+
+#: gitk:2656
+msgid "Highlight this too"
+msgstr "Ressalta aquest també"
+
+#: gitk:2657
+msgid "Highlight this only"
+msgstr "Ressalta només aquest"
+
+#: gitk:2658
+msgid "External diff"
+msgstr "Diferència externa"
+
+#: gitk:2659
+msgid "Blame parent commit"
+msgstr "Culpabilitat de la comissió mare"
+
+#: gitk:2660
+msgid "Copy path"
+msgstr "Copia el camí"
+
+#: gitk:2667
+msgid "Show origin of this line"
+msgstr "Mostra l'origen d'aquesta línia"
+
+#: gitk:2668
+msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
+msgstr "Executa git gui blame en aquesta línia"
+
+#: gitk:3014
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - visualitzador de comissions per al git\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"Useu-lo i redistribuïu-lo sota els termes de la Llicència Pública General GNU"
+
+#: gitk:3022 gitk:3089 gitk:9857
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Tanca"
+
+#: gitk:3043
+msgid "Gitk key bindings"
+msgstr "Associacions de tecles del Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:3046
+msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
+msgstr "Associacions de tecles del Gitk:"
+
+#: gitk:3048
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
+msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tSurt"
+
+#: gitk:3049
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-W>\t\tClose window"
+msgstr "<%s-W>\t\tTanca la finestra"
+
+#: gitk:3050
+msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
+msgstr "<Inici>\t\tVés a la primera comissió"
+
+#: gitk:3051
+msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
+msgstr "<Fi>\t\tVés a l'última comissió"
+
+#: gitk:3052
+msgid "<Up>, p, k\tMove up one commit"
+msgstr "<Amunt>, p, k\tMou-te cap amunt per una comissió"
+
+#: gitk:3053
+msgid "<Down>, n, j\tMove down one commit"
+msgstr "<Avall>, n, j\tMou-te cap avall per una comissió"
+
+#: gitk:3054
+msgid "<Left>, z, h\tGo back in history list"
+msgstr "<Esquerra>, z, h\tRetrocedeix en la llista d'història"
+
+#: gitk:3055
+msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
+msgstr "<Dreta>, x, l\tAvança en la llista d'història"
+
+#: gitk:3056
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-n>\tGo to n-th parent of current commit in history list"
+msgstr ""
+"<%s-n>\tVés a l'enèsima mare de la comissió actual en la llista d'història"
+
+#: gitk:3057
+msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<RePàg>\tMou-te cap amunt per una pàgina en la llista de comissions"
+
+#: gitk:3058
+msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<AvPàg>\tMou-te cap avall per una pàgina en la llista de comissions"
+
+#: gitk:3059
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-Inici>\tDesplaça't a la part superior de la llista de comissions"
+
+#: gitk:3060
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-Fi>\tDesplaça't a la part inferior de la llista de comissions"
+
+#: gitk:3061
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Amunt>\tDesplaça la llista de comissions cap amunt per una línia"
+
+#: gitk:3062
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Avall>\tDesplaça la llista de comissions cap avall per una línia"
+
+#: gitk:3063
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
+msgstr "<%s-RePàg>\tDesplaça la llista de comissions cap amunt per una pàgina"
+
+#: gitk:3064
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
+msgstr "<%s-AvPàg>\tDesplaça la llista de comissions cap avall per una pàgina"
+
+#: gitk:3065
+msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
+msgstr "<Maj-Amunt>\tCerca cap enrere (cap amunt, les comissions més noves)"
+
+#: gitk:3066
+msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
+msgstr "<Maj-Avall>\tCerca cap endavant (cap avall, les comissions més velles)"
+
+#: gitk:3067
+msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Supr>, b\tDesplaça la vista de diferència cap amunt per una pàgina"
+
+#: gitk:3068
+msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Retrocés>\tDesplaça la vista de diferència cap amunt per una pàgina"
+
+#: gitk:3069
+msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
+msgstr "<Espai>\t\tDesplaça la vista de diferència cap avall per una pàgina"
+
+#: gitk:3070
+msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
+msgstr "u\t\tDesplaça la vista de diferència cap amunt per 18 línies"
+
+#: gitk:3071
+msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
+msgstr "d\t\tDesplaça la vista de diferència cap avall per 18 línies"
+
+#: gitk:3072
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
+msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tCerca"
+
+#: gitk:3073
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tMou-te a la propera coincidència de la cerca"
+
+#: gitk:3074
+msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<Retorn>\tMou-te a la propera coincidència de la cerca"
+
+#: gitk:3075
+msgid "g\t\tGo to commit"
+msgstr "g\t\tVés a l'última comissió"
+
+#: gitk:3076
+msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
+msgstr "/\t\tPosa el focus a la caixa de cerca"
+
+#: gitk:3077
+msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
+msgstr "?\t\tMou a la coincidència prèvia de la cerca"
+
+#: gitk:3078
+msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
+msgstr "f\t\tDesplaça la vista de diferència al proper fitxer"
+
+#: gitk:3079
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tCerca la propera coincidència en la vista de diferència"
+
+#: gitk:3080
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tCerca la coincidència prèvia en la vista de diferència"
+
+#: gitk:3081
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-KP+>\tAugmenta la mida de lletra"
+
+#: gitk:3082
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-més>\tAugmenta la mida de lletra"
+
+#: gitk:3083
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-KP->\tDisminueix la mida de lletra"
+
+#: gitk:3084
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-menys>\tDisminueix la mida de lletra"
+
+#: gitk:3085
+msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
+msgstr "<F5>\t\tActualitza"
+
+#: gitk:3550 gitk:3559
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
+msgstr "Error en crear el directori temporal %s:"
+
+#: gitk:3572
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
+msgstr "Error en obtenir \"%s\" de %s:"
+
+#: gitk:3635
+msgid "command failed:"
+msgstr "l'ordre ha fallat:"
+
+#: gitk:3784
+msgid "No such commit"
+msgstr "Cap comissió així"
+
+#: gitk:3798
+msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
+msgstr "git gui blame: l'ordre ha fallat:"
+
+#: gitk:3829
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut llegir el cap de fusió: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3837
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error reading index: %s"
+msgstr "Error en llegir l'índex: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3862
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut iniciar el git blame: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3865 gitk:6754
+msgid "Searching"
+msgstr "Cercant"
+
+#: gitk:3897
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
+msgstr "Error en executar el git blame: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3925
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
+msgstr ""
+"Aquella línia ve de la comissió %s, la qual no és en aquesta visualització"
+
+#: gitk:3939
+msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
+msgstr "El visualitzador de diferència extern ha fallat:"
+
+#: gitk:4070
+msgid "Gitk view definition"
+msgstr "Definició de vista del Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:4074
+msgid "Remember this view"
+msgstr "Recorda aquesta vista"
+
+#: gitk:4075
+msgid "References (space separated list):"
+msgstr "Referències (llista separada per espais)"
+
+#: gitk:4076
+msgid "Branches & tags:"
+msgstr "Branques i etiquetes:"
+
+#: gitk:4077
+msgid "All refs"
+msgstr "Totes les referències"
+
+#: gitk:4078
+msgid "All (local) branches"
+msgstr "Totes les branques (locals)"
+
+#: gitk:4079
+msgid "All tags"
+msgstr "Totes les etiquetes"
+
+#: gitk:4080
+msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "Totes les branques amb seguiment remot"
+
+#: gitk:4081
+msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
+msgstr "Informació de comissió (expressions regulars):"
+
+#: gitk:4082
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "Autor:"
+
+#: gitk:4083
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Comitent:"
+
+#: gitk:4084
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Missatge de comissió:"
+
+#: gitk:4085
+msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "Coincideix amb tots els criteris d'informació de comissió"
+
+#: gitk:4086
+msgid "Matches no Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "No coincideix amb cap criteri d'informació de comissió"
+
+#: gitk:4087
+msgid "Changes to Files:"
+msgstr "Canvis als fitxers:"
+
+#: gitk:4088
+msgid "Fixed String"
+msgstr "Cadena fixa"
+
+#: gitk:4089
+msgid "Regular Expression"
+msgstr "Expressió regular"
+
+#: gitk:4090
+msgid "Search string:"
+msgstr "Cadena de cerca:"
+
+#: gitk:4091
+msgid ""
+"Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
+"15:27:38\"):"
+msgstr ""
+"Dates de comissió (\"fa 2 setmanes\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"17 abr 2009 "
+"15:27:38\"):"
+
+#: gitk:4092
+msgid "Since:"
+msgstr "Des de:"
+
+#: gitk:4093
+msgid "Until:"
+msgstr "Fins:"
+
+#: gitk:4094
+msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
+msgstr "Limita o salta un nombre de revisions (nombre enter positiu)"
+
+#: gitk:4095
+msgid "Number to show:"
+msgstr "Nombre a mostrar:"
+
+#: gitk:4096
+msgid "Number to skip:"
+msgstr "Nombre a saltar:"
+
+#: gitk:4097
+msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
+msgstr "Opcions miscel·lànies:"
+
+#: gitk:4098
+msgid "Strictly sort by date"
+msgstr "Ordena estrictament per data"
+
+#: gitk:4099
+msgid "Mark branch sides"
+msgstr "Marca els costats de les branques"
+
+#: gitk:4100
+msgid "Limit to first parent"
+msgstr "Limita a la primera mare"
+
+#: gitk:4101
+msgid "Simple history"
+msgstr "Història senzilla"
+
+#: gitk:4102
+msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
+msgstr "Paràmetres addicionals al git log:"
+
+#: gitk:4103
+msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
+msgstr "Introduïu els fitxers i directoris a incloure, un per línia:"
+
+#: gitk:4104
+msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
+msgstr "Ordre per a generar més comissions a incloure:"
+
+#: gitk:4228
+msgid "Gitk: edit view"
+msgstr "Gitk: vista d'edició"
+
+#: gitk:4236
+msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
+msgstr "-- criteris per a seleccionar les revisions"
+
+#: gitk:4241
+msgid "View Name"
+msgstr "Nom de vista"
+
+#: gitk:4316
+msgid "Apply (F5)"
+msgstr "Aplica (F5)"
+
+#: gitk:4354
+msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
+msgstr "Error en els paràmetres de selecció de comissions:"
+
+#: gitk:4409 gitk:4462 gitk:4924 gitk:4938 gitk:6208 gitk:12373 gitk:12374
+msgid "None"
+msgstr "Cap"
+
+#: gitk:5021 gitk:5026
+msgid "Descendant"
+msgstr "Descendent"
+
+#: gitk:5022
+msgid "Not descendant"
+msgstr "No descendent"
+
+#: gitk:5029 gitk:5034
+msgid "Ancestor"
+msgstr "Avantpassat"
+
+#: gitk:5030
+msgid "Not ancestor"
+msgstr "No avantpassat"
+
+#: gitk:5324
+msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
+msgstr "Canvis locals registrats en l'índex però no comesos"
+
+#: gitk:5360
+msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
+msgstr "Canvis locals sense cometre, no registrats en l'índex"
+
+#: gitk:7134
+msgid "and many more"
+msgstr "i moltes més"
+
+#: gitk:7137
+msgid "many"
+msgstr "moltes"
+
+#: gitk:7328
+msgid "Tags:"
+msgstr "Etiquetes:"
+
+#: gitk:7345 gitk:7351 gitk:8825
+msgid "Parent"
+msgstr "Mare"
+
+#: gitk:7356
+msgid "Child"
+msgstr "Filla"
+
+#: gitk:7365
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Branca"
+
+#: gitk:7368
+msgid "Follows"
+msgstr "Segueix"
+
+#: gitk:7371
+msgid "Precedes"
+msgstr "Precedeix"
+
+#: gitk:7966
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
+msgstr "Error en obtenir les diferències: %s"
+
+#: gitk:8650
+msgid "Goto:"
+msgstr "Vés a:"
+
+#: gitk:8671
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "L'id SHA1 curta %s és ambigua"
+
+#: gitk:8678
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revision %s is not known"
+msgstr "La revisió %s és desconeguda"
+
+#: gitk:8688
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
+msgstr "L'id SHA1 %s és desconeguda"
+
+#: gitk:8690
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
+msgstr "La revisió %s no és en la vista actual"
+
+#: gitk:8832 gitk:8847
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Data"
+
+#: gitk:8835
+msgid "Children"
+msgstr "Filles"
+
+#: gitk:8898
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
+msgstr "Restableix la branca %s aquí"
+
+#: gitk:8900
+msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
+msgstr "Cap separat: no es pot restablir"
+
+#: gitk:9005 gitk:9011
+msgid "Skipping merge commit "
+msgstr "Saltant la comissió de fusió "
+
+#: gitk:9020 gitk:9025
+msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
+msgstr "Error en obtenir l'ID de pedaç de "
+
+#: gitk:9021 gitk:9026
+msgid " - stopping\n"
+msgstr " - aturant\n"
+
+#: gitk:9031 gitk:9034 gitk:9042 gitk:9056 gitk:9065
+msgid "Commit "
+msgstr "Comissió "
+
+#: gitk:9035
+msgid ""
+" is the same patch as\n"
+"       "
+msgstr ""
+" és el mateix pedaç que\n"
+"       "
+
+#: gitk:9043
+msgid ""
+" differs from\n"
+"       "
+msgstr ""
+" difereix de\n"
+"       "
+
+#: gitk:9045
+msgid ""
+"Diff of commits:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Diferència entre comissions:\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: gitk:9057 gitk:9066
+#, tcl-format
+msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
+msgstr " té %s filles - aturant\n"
+
+#: gitk:9085
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
+msgstr "Error en escriure la comissió al fitxer: %s"
+
+#: gitk:9091
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
+msgstr "Error en diferenciar les comissions: %s"
+
+#: gitk:9137
+msgid "Top"
+msgstr "Part superior"
+
+#: gitk:9138
+msgid "From"
+msgstr "De"
+
+#: gitk:9143
+msgid "To"
+msgstr "A"
+
+#: gitk:9167
+msgid "Generate patch"
+msgstr "Genera pedaç"
+
+#: gitk:9169
+msgid "From:"
+msgstr "De:"
+
+#: gitk:9178
+msgid "To:"
+msgstr "A:"
+
+#: gitk:9187
+msgid "Reverse"
+msgstr "Inverteix"
+
+#: gitk:9189 gitk:9385
+msgid "Output file:"
+msgstr "Fitxer de sortida:"
+
+#: gitk:9195
+msgid "Generate"
+msgstr "Genera"
+
+#: gitk:9233
+msgid "Error creating patch:"
+msgstr "Error en crear el pedaç:"
+
+#: gitk:9256 gitk:9373 gitk:9430
+msgid "ID:"
+msgstr "ID:"
+
+#: gitk:9265
+msgid "Tag name:"
+msgstr "Nom d'etiqueta:"
+
+#: gitk:9268
+msgid "Tag message is optional"
+msgstr "El missatge d'etiqueta és opcional"
+
+#: gitk:9270
+msgid "Tag message:"
+msgstr "Missatge d'etiqueta:"
+
+#: gitk:9274 gitk:9439
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Crea"
+
+#: gitk:9292
+msgid "No tag name specified"
+msgstr "No s'ha especificat cap nom d'etiqueta"
+
+#: gitk:9296
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
+msgstr "L'etiqueta \"%s\" ja existeix"
+
+#: gitk:9306
+msgid "Error creating tag:"
+msgstr "Error en crear l'etiqueta:"
+
+#: gitk:9382
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Ordre:"
+
+#: gitk:9390
+msgid "Write"
+msgstr "Escriu"
+
+#: gitk:9408
+msgid "Error writing commit:"
+msgstr "Error en escriure la comissió:"
+
+#: gitk:9435
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Nom:"
+
+#: gitk:9458
+msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
+msgstr "Si us plau, especifiqueu un nom per a la branca nova"
+
+#: gitk:9463
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
+msgstr "La branca '%s' ja existeix. Voleu sobreescriure?"
+
+#: gitk:9530
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
+msgstr ""
+"La comissió %s ja està inclosa en la branca %s -- realment voleu tornar a "
+"aplicar-la?"
+
+#: gitk:9535
+msgid "Cherry-picking"
+msgstr "Recollint cireres"
+
+#: gitk:9544
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
+"Please commit, reset or stash your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+"El recull de cireres ha fallat a causa de canvis locals al fitxer '%s'.\n"
+"Si us plau, cometeu, restabliu o emmagatzemeu els vostres canvis i torneu a "
+"intentar."
+
+#: gitk:9550
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+"Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"El recull de cireres ha fallat a causa d'un conflicte de fusió.\n"
+"Voleu executar el git citool per a resoldre'l?"
+
+#: gitk:9566 gitk:9624
+msgid "No changes committed"
+msgstr "Cap canvi comès"
+
+#: gitk:9593
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is not included in branch %s -- really revert it?"
+msgstr ""
+"La comissió %s no s'inclou en la branca %s -- realment voleu revertir-la?"
+
+#: gitk:9598
+msgid "Reverting"
+msgstr "Revertint"
+
+#: gitk:9606
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of local changes to the following files:%s Please "
+"commit, reset or stash  your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+"La reversió ha fallat a causa de canvis locals als fitxers següents:%s Si us "
+"plau, cometeu, restabliu o emmagatzemeu els vostres canvis i torneu-ho a "
+"intentar."
+
+#: gitk:9610
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+" Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"La reversió ha fallat a causa d'un conflicte de fusió.\n"
+" Voleu executar el git citool per a resoldre'l?"
+
+#: gitk:9653
+msgid "Confirm reset"
+msgstr "Confirma el restabliment"
+
+#: gitk:9655
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
+msgstr "Voleu restablir la branca %s a %s?"
+
+#: gitk:9657
+msgid "Reset type:"
+msgstr "Tipus de restabliment:"
+
+#: gitk:9660
+msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
+msgstr "Suau: Deixa l'arbre de treball i l'índex sense tocar"
+
+#: gitk:9663
+msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
+msgstr "Mixt: Deixa l'arbre de treball sense tocar, restableix l'índex"
+
+#: gitk:9666
+msgid ""
+"Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
+"(discard ALL local changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"Dur: Restableix l'arbre de treball i l'índex\n"
+"(descarta TOTS els canvis locals)"
+
+#: gitk:9683
+msgid "Resetting"
+msgstr "Restablint"
+
+#: gitk:9743
+msgid "Checking out"
+msgstr "Agafant"
+
+#: gitk:9796
+msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
+msgstr "No es pot suprimir la branca actualment agafada"
+
+#: gitk:9802
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
+"Really delete branch %s?"
+msgstr ""
+"Les comissions en la branca %s no són en cap altra branca.\n"
+"Realment voleu suprimir la branca %s?"
+
+#: gitk:9833
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
+msgstr "Etiquetes i caps: %s"
+
+#: gitk:9850
+msgid "Filter"
+msgstr "Filtre"
+
+#: gitk:10146
+msgid ""
+"Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
+"tag information will be incomplete."
+msgstr ""
+"Error en llegir la informació de topologia de comissió; la informació sobre "
+"branques i etiquetes precedents/següents serà incompleta."
+
+#: gitk:11123
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Etiqueta"
+
+#: gitk:11127
+msgid "Id"
+msgstr "Id"
+
+#: gitk:11210
+msgid "Gitk font chooser"
+msgstr "Selector de tipus de lletra del Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:11227
+msgid "B"
+msgstr "B"
+
+#: gitk:11230
+msgid "I"
+msgstr "I"
+
+#: gitk:11348
+msgid "Commit list display options"
+msgstr "Opcions de visualització de la llista de comissions"
+
+#: gitk:11351
+msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
+msgstr "Amplada màxima del gràfic (línies)"
+
+#: gitk:11355
+#, no-tcl-format
+msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
+msgstr "Amplada màxima del gràfic (% del panell)"
+
+#: gitk:11358
+msgid "Show local changes"
+msgstr "Mostra els canvis locals"
+
+#: gitk:11361
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"
+msgstr "Selecciona automàticament l'SHA1 (longitud)"
+
+#: gitk:11365
+msgid "Hide remote refs"
+msgstr "Amaga les referències remotes"
+
+#: gitk:11369
+msgid "Diff display options"
+msgstr "Opcions de visualització de diferència"
+
+#: gitk:11371
+msgid "Tab spacing"
+msgstr "Espaiat de tabulació"
+
+#: gitk:11374
+msgid "Display nearby tags/heads"
+msgstr "Mostra etiquetes/caps propers"
+
+#: gitk:11377
+msgid "Maximum # tags/heads to show"
+msgstr "Nombre màxim d'etiquetes/caps a mostrar"
+
+#: gitk:11380
+msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
+msgstr "Limita les diferències als camins llistats"
+
+#: gitk:11383
+msgid "Support per-file encodings"
+msgstr "Admet codificacions específiques per a cada fitxer"
+
+#: gitk:11389 gitk:11536
+msgid "External diff tool"
+msgstr "Eina de diferència externa"
+
+#: gitk:11390
+msgid "Choose..."
+msgstr "Trieu..."
+
+#: gitk:11395
+msgid "General options"
+msgstr "Opcions generals"
+
+#: gitk:11398
+msgid "Use themed widgets"
+msgstr "Usa els ginys tematitzats"
+
+#: gitk:11400
+msgid "(change requires restart)"
+msgstr "(el canvi requereix reiniciar)"
+
+#: gitk:11402
+msgid "(currently unavailable)"
+msgstr "(actualment no disponible)"
+
+#: gitk:11413
+msgid "Colors: press to choose"
+msgstr "Colors: pressiona per a triar"
+
+#: gitk:11416
+msgid "Interface"
+msgstr "Interfície"
+
+#: gitk:11417
+msgid "interface"
+msgstr "interfície"
+
+#: gitk:11420
+msgid "Background"
+msgstr "Fons"
+
+#: gitk:11421 gitk:11451
+msgid "background"
+msgstr "fons"
+
+#: gitk:11424
+msgid "Foreground"
+msgstr "Primer pla"
+
+#: gitk:11425
+msgid "foreground"
+msgstr "primer pla"
+
+#: gitk:11428
+msgid "Diff: old lines"
+msgstr "Diferència: línies velles"
+
+#: gitk:11429
+msgid "diff old lines"
+msgstr "diferencia les línies velles"
+
+#: gitk:11433
+msgid "Diff: new lines"
+msgstr "Diferència: línies noves"
+
+#: gitk:11434
+msgid "diff new lines"
+msgstr "diferencia les línies noves"
+
+#: gitk:11438
+msgid "Diff: hunk header"
+msgstr "Diferència: capçalera de tros"
+
+#: gitk:11440
+msgid "diff hunk header"
+msgstr "diferencia la capçalera de tros"
+
+#: gitk:11444
+msgid "Marked line bg"
+msgstr "Fons de la línia marcada"
+
+#: gitk:11446
+msgid "marked line background"
+msgstr "fons de la línia marcada"
+
+#: gitk:11450
+msgid "Select bg"
+msgstr "Fons de la selecció"
+
+#: gitk:11459
+msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
+msgstr "Tipus de lletra: pressiona per a triar"
+
+#: gitk:11461
+msgid "Main font"
+msgstr "Tipus de lletra principal"
+
+#: gitk:11462
+msgid "Diff display font"
+msgstr "Tipus de lletra de visualització de diferència"
+
+#: gitk:11463
+msgid "User interface font"
+msgstr "Tipus de lletra de la interfície d'usuari"
+
+#: gitk:11485
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "Preferències del Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:11494
+msgid "General"
+msgstr "General"
+
+#: gitk:11495
+msgid "Colors"
+msgstr "Colors"
+
+#: gitk:11496
+msgid "Fonts"
+msgstr "Tipus de lletra"
+
+#: gitk:11546
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
+msgstr "Gitk: tria el color per a %s"
+
+#: gitk:12059
+msgid ""
+"Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+msgstr ""
+"Perdó, el gitk no pot executar-se amb aquesta versió de Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" El Gitk requereix com a mínim el Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+
+#: gitk:12269
+msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
+msgstr "No es pot trobar cap dipòsit de git aquí."
+
+#: gitk:12316
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
+msgstr "Paràmetre ambigu '%s': és tant revisió com nom de fitxer"
+
+#: gitk:12328
+msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
+msgstr "Paràmetres dolents al gitk:"
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/de.po b/gitk-git/po/de.po
index bd194a3dff..5db3824828 100644
--- a/gitk-git/po/de.po
+++ b/gitk-git/po/de.po
@@ -8,33 +8,42 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-01-27 20:21+0100\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-01-27 20:27+0100\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-05-17 14:32+1000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-10-20 14:20+0200\n"
 "Last-Translator: Christian Stimming <stimming@tuhh.de>\n"
 "Language-Team: German\n"
+"Language: \n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 
-#: gitk:115
+#: gitk:140
 msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
 msgstr "Liste der nicht zusammengeführten Dateien nicht gefunden:"
 
-#: gitk:274
+#: gitk:212 gitk:2381
+msgid "Color words"
+msgstr "Wörter einfärben"
+
+#: gitk:217 gitk:2381 gitk:8220 gitk:8253
+msgid "Markup words"
+msgstr "Wörter kennzeichnen"
+
+#: gitk:324
 msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Laden der Versionen:"
 
-#: gitk:329
+#: gitk:380
 msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen des --argscmd-Kommandos:"
 
-#: gitk:342
+#: gitk:393
 msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
 msgstr ""
 "Keine Dateien ausgewählt: Es wurde --merge angegeben, aber es existieren "
 "keine nicht zusammengeführten Dateien."
 
-#: gitk:345
+#: gitk:396
 msgid ""
 "No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
 "limit."
@@ -42,801 +51,841 @@ msgstr ""
 "Keine Dateien ausgewählt: Es wurde --merge angegeben, aber es sind keine "
 "nicht zusammengeführten Dateien in der Dateiauswahl."
 
-#: gitk:367 gitk:514
+#: gitk:418 gitk:566
 msgid "Error executing git log:"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen von »git log«:"
 
-#: gitk:385 gitk:530
+#: gitk:436 gitk:582
 msgid "Reading"
 msgstr "Lesen"
 
-#: gitk:445 gitk:4261
+#: gitk:496 gitk:4525
 msgid "Reading commits..."
 msgstr "Versionen werden gelesen ..."
 
-#: gitk:448 gitk:1578 gitk:4264
+#: gitk:499 gitk:1637 gitk:4528
 msgid "No commits selected"
 msgstr "Keine Versionen ausgewählt"
 
-#: gitk:1454
+#: gitk:1445 gitk:4045 gitk:12432
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Kommandozeile"
+
+#: gitk:1511
 msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
 msgstr "Ausgabe von »git log« kann nicht erkannt werden:"
 
-#: gitk:1674
+#: gitk:1740
 msgid "No commit information available"
 msgstr "Keine Versionsinformation verfügbar"
 
-#: gitk:1816
-msgid "mc"
-msgstr "mc"
-
-#: gitk:1851 gitk:4054 gitk:9044 gitk:10585 gitk:10804
+#: gitk:1903 gitk:1932 gitk:4315 gitk:9669 gitk:11241 gitk:11521
 msgid "OK"
 msgstr "Ok"
 
-#: gitk:1853 gitk:4056 gitk:8634 gitk:8713 gitk:8828 gitk:8877 gitk:9046
-#: gitk:10586 gitk:10805
+#: gitk:1934 gitk:4317 gitk:9196 gitk:9275 gitk:9391 gitk:9440 gitk:9671
+#: gitk:11242 gitk:11522
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Abbrechen"
 
-#: gitk:1975
-msgid "Update"
-msgstr "Aktualisieren"
+#: gitk:2069
+msgid "&Update"
+msgstr "&Aktualisieren"
 
-#: gitk:1976
-msgid "Reload"
-msgstr "Neu laden"
+#: gitk:2070
+msgid "&Reload"
+msgstr "&Neu laden"
 
-#: gitk:1977
-msgid "Reread references"
-msgstr "Zweige neu laden"
+#: gitk:2071
+msgid "Reread re&ferences"
+msgstr "&Zweige neu laden"
 
-#: gitk:1978
-msgid "List references"
-msgstr "Zweige/Markierungen auflisten"
+#: gitk:2072
+msgid "&List references"
+msgstr "Zweige/Markierungen auf&listen"
 
-#: gitk:1980
-msgid "Start git gui"
-msgstr "»git gui« starten"
+#: gitk:2074
+msgid "Start git &gui"
+msgstr "»git &gui« starten"
 
-#: gitk:1982
-msgid "Quit"
-msgstr "Beenden"
+#: gitk:2076
+msgid "&Quit"
+msgstr "&Beenden"
 
-#: gitk:1974
-msgid "File"
-msgstr "Datei"
+#: gitk:2068
+msgid "&File"
+msgstr "&Datei"
 
-#: gitk:1986
-msgid "Preferences"
-msgstr "Einstellungen"
+#: gitk:2080
+msgid "&Preferences"
+msgstr "&Einstellungen"
 
-#: gitk:1985
-msgid "Edit"
-msgstr "Bearbeiten"
+#: gitk:2079
+msgid "&Edit"
+msgstr "&Bearbeiten"
 
-#: gitk:1990
-msgid "New view..."
-msgstr "Neue Ansicht ..."
+#: gitk:2084
+msgid "&New view..."
+msgstr "&Neue Ansicht ..."
 
-#: gitk:1991
-msgid "Edit view..."
-msgstr "Ansicht bearbeiten ..."
+#: gitk:2085
+msgid "&Edit view..."
+msgstr "Ansicht &bearbeiten ..."
 
-#: gitk:1992
-msgid "Delete view"
-msgstr "Ansicht entfernen"
+#: gitk:2086
+msgid "&Delete view"
+msgstr "Ansicht &entfernen"
 
-#: gitk:1994
-msgid "All files"
-msgstr "Alle Dateien"
+#: gitk:2088 gitk:4043
+msgid "&All files"
+msgstr "&Alle Dateien"
 
-#: gitk:1989 gitk:3808
-msgid "View"
-msgstr "Ansicht"
+#: gitk:2083 gitk:4067
+msgid "&View"
+msgstr "&Ansicht"
 
-#: gitk:1999 gitk:2009 gitk:2780
-msgid "About gitk"
-msgstr "Ãœber gitk"
+#: gitk:2093 gitk:2103 gitk:3012
+msgid "&About gitk"
+msgstr "Ãœber &gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2000 gitk:2014
-msgid "Key bindings"
-msgstr "Tastenkürzel"
+#: gitk:2094 gitk:2108
+msgid "&Key bindings"
+msgstr "&Tastenkürzel"
 
-#: gitk:1998 gitk:2013
-msgid "Help"
-msgstr "Hilfe"
+#: gitk:2092 gitk:2107
+msgid "&Help"
+msgstr "&Hilfe"
 
-#: gitk:2091 gitk:8110
+#: gitk:2185 gitk:8652
 msgid "SHA1 ID:"
 msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
 
-#: gitk:2122
+#: gitk:2229
 msgid "Row"
 msgstr "Zeile"
 
-#: gitk:2160
+#: gitk:2267
 msgid "Find"
 msgstr "Suche"
 
-#: gitk:2161
-msgid "next"
-msgstr "nächste"
-
-#: gitk:2162
-msgid "prev"
-msgstr "vorige"
-
-#: gitk:2163
+#: gitk:2295
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "Version nach"
 
-#: gitk:2166 gitk:2168 gitk:4422 gitk:4445 gitk:4469 gitk:6410 gitk:6482
-#: gitk:6566
+#: gitk:2299 gitk:2301 gitk:4687 gitk:4710 gitk:4734 gitk:6755 gitk:6827
+#: gitk:6912
 msgid "containing:"
 msgstr "Beschreibung:"
 
-#: gitk:2169 gitk:3290 gitk:3295 gitk:4497
+#: gitk:2302 gitk:3526 gitk:3531 gitk:4763
 msgid "touching paths:"
 msgstr "Dateien:"
 
-#: gitk:2170 gitk:4502
+#: gitk:2303 gitk:4777
 msgid "adding/removing string:"
 msgstr "Änderungen:"
 
-#: gitk:2179 gitk:2181
+#: gitk:2304 gitk:4779
+msgid "changing lines matching:"
+msgstr "Geänderte Zeilen entsprechen:"
+
+#: gitk:2313 gitk:2315 gitk:4766
 msgid "Exact"
 msgstr "Exakt"
 
-#: gitk:2181 gitk:4577 gitk:6378
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4854 gitk:6723
 msgid "IgnCase"
 msgstr "Kein Groß/Klein"
 
-#: gitk:2181 gitk:4471 gitk:4575 gitk:6374
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4736 gitk:4852 gitk:6719
 msgid "Regexp"
 msgstr "Regexp"
 
-#: gitk:2183 gitk:2184 gitk:4596 gitk:4626 gitk:4633 gitk:6502 gitk:6570
+#: gitk:2317 gitk:2318 gitk:4874 gitk:4904 gitk:4911 gitk:6848 gitk:6916
 msgid "All fields"
 msgstr "Alle Felder"
 
-#: gitk:2184 gitk:4594 gitk:4626 gitk:6441
+#: gitk:2318 gitk:4871 gitk:4904 gitk:6786
 msgid "Headline"
 msgstr "Ãœberschrift"
 
-#: gitk:2185 gitk:4594 gitk:6441 gitk:6570 gitk:7003
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:6786 gitk:6916 gitk:7389
 msgid "Comments"
 msgstr "Beschreibung"
 
-#: gitk:2185 gitk:4594 gitk:4598 gitk:4633 gitk:6441 gitk:6938 gitk:8285
-#: gitk:8300
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:4876 gitk:4911 gitk:6786 gitk:7324 gitk:8830
+#: gitk:8845
 msgid "Author"
 msgstr "Autor"
 
-#: gitk:2185 gitk:4594 gitk:6441 gitk:6940
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:6786 gitk:7326
 msgid "Committer"
 msgstr "Eintragender"
 
-#: gitk:2216
+#: gitk:2350
 msgid "Search"
 msgstr "Suchen"
 
-#: gitk:2224
+#: gitk:2358
 msgid "Diff"
 msgstr "Vergleich"
 
-#: gitk:2226
+#: gitk:2360
 msgid "Old version"
 msgstr "Alte Version"
 
-#: gitk:2228
+#: gitk:2362
 msgid "New version"
 msgstr "Neue Version"
 
-#: gitk:2230
+#: gitk:2364
 msgid "Lines of context"
 msgstr "Kontextzeilen"
 
-#: gitk:2240
+#: gitk:2374
 msgid "Ignore space change"
 msgstr "Leerzeichenänderungen ignorieren"
 
-#: gitk:2299
+#: gitk:2378 gitk:2380 gitk:7959 gitk:8206
+msgid "Line diff"
+msgstr "Zeilenunterschied"
+
+#: gitk:2445
 msgid "Patch"
 msgstr "Patch"
 
-#: gitk:2301
+#: gitk:2447
 msgid "Tree"
 msgstr "Baum"
 
-#: gitk:2456 gitk:2473
+#: gitk:2617 gitk:2637
 msgid "Diff this -> selected"
 msgstr "Vergleich: diese -> gewählte"
 
-#: gitk:2457 gitk:2474
+#: gitk:2618 gitk:2638
 msgid "Diff selected -> this"
 msgstr "Vergleich: gewählte -> diese"
 
-#: gitk:2458 gitk:2475
+#: gitk:2619 gitk:2639
 msgid "Make patch"
 msgstr "Patch erstellen"
 
-#: gitk:2459 gitk:8692
+#: gitk:2620 gitk:9254
 msgid "Create tag"
 msgstr "Markierung erstellen"
 
-#: gitk:2460 gitk:8808
+#: gitk:2621 gitk:9371
 msgid "Write commit to file"
 msgstr "Version in Datei schreiben"
 
-#: gitk:2461 gitk:8865
+#: gitk:2622 gitk:9428
 msgid "Create new branch"
 msgstr "Neuen Zweig erstellen"
 
-#: gitk:2462
+#: gitk:2623
 msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
 msgstr "Diese Version pflücken"
 
-#: gitk:2463
+#: gitk:2624
 msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
 msgstr "HEAD-Zweig auf diese Version zurücksetzen"
 
-#: gitk:2464
+#: gitk:2625
 msgid "Mark this commit"
 msgstr "Lesezeichen setzen"
 
-#: gitk:2465
+#: gitk:2626
 msgid "Return to mark"
 msgstr "Zum Lesezeichen"
 
-#: gitk:2466
+#: gitk:2627
 msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
 msgstr "Abkömmling von Lesezeichen und dieser Version finden"
 
-#: gitk:2467
+#: gitk:2628
 msgid "Compare with marked commit"
 msgstr "Mit Lesezeichen vergleichen"
 
-#: gitk:2481
+#: gitk:2629 gitk:2640
+msgid "Diff this -> marked commit"
+msgstr "Vergleich: diese -> gewählte Version"
+
+#: gitk:2630 gitk:2641
+msgid "Diff marked commit -> this"
+msgstr "Vergleich: gewählte -> diese Version"
+
+#: gitk:2631
+msgid "Revert this commit"
+msgstr "Version umkehren"
+
+#: gitk:2647
 msgid "Check out this branch"
 msgstr "Auf diesen Zweig umstellen"
 
-#: gitk:2482
+#: gitk:2648
 msgid "Remove this branch"
 msgstr "Zweig löschen"
 
-#: gitk:2489
+#: gitk:2649
+msgid "Copy branch name"
+msgstr "Zweigname kopieren"
+
+#: gitk:2656
 msgid "Highlight this too"
 msgstr "Diesen auch hervorheben"
 
-#: gitk:2490
+#: gitk:2657
 msgid "Highlight this only"
 msgstr "Nur diesen hervorheben"
 
-#: gitk:2491
+#: gitk:2658
 msgid "External diff"
 msgstr "Externes Diff-Programm"
 
-#: gitk:2492
+#: gitk:2659
 msgid "Blame parent commit"
 msgstr "Annotieren der Elternversion"
 
-#: gitk:2499
+#: gitk:2660
+msgid "Copy path"
+msgstr "Pfad kopieren"
+
+#: gitk:2667
 msgid "Show origin of this line"
 msgstr "Herkunft dieser Zeile anzeigen"
 
-#: gitk:2500
+#: gitk:2668
 msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
 msgstr "Diese Zeile annotieren (»git gui blame«)"
 
-#: gitk:2782
+#: gitk:3014
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - eine Visualisierung der Git-Historie\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
-"Benutzung und Weiterverbreitung gemäß den Bedingungen der GNU General Public License"
+"Benutzung und Weiterverbreitung gemäß den Bedingungen der GNU General Public "
+"License"
 
-#: gitk:2790 gitk:2854 gitk:9230
+#: gitk:3022 gitk:3089 gitk:9857
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "Schließen"
 
-#: gitk:2811
+#: gitk:3043
 msgid "Gitk key bindings"
 msgstr "Gitk-Tastaturbelegung"
 
-#: gitk:2814
+#: gitk:3046
 msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
 msgstr "Gitk-Tastaturbelegung:"
 
-#: gitk:2816
+#: gitk:3048
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
 msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tBeenden"
 
-#: gitk:2817
+#: gitk:3049
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-W>\t\tClose window"
+msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tFenster schließen"
+
+#: gitk:3050
 msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
 msgstr "<Pos1>\t\tZur neuesten Version springen"
 
-#: gitk:2818
+#: gitk:3051
 msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
 msgstr "<Ende>\t\tZur ältesten Version springen"
 
-#: gitk:2819
-msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
-msgstr "<Hoch>, p, i\tNächste neuere Version"
+#: gitk:3052
+msgid "<Up>, p, k\tMove up one commit"
+msgstr "<Hoch>, p, k\tNächste neuere Version"
 
-#: gitk:2820
-msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
-msgstr "<Runter>, n, k\tNächste ältere Version"
+#: gitk:3053
+msgid "<Down>, n, j\tMove down one commit"
+msgstr "<Runter>, n, j\tNächste ältere Version"
 
-#: gitk:2821
-msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
-msgstr "<Links>, z, j\tEine Version zurückgehen"
+#: gitk:3054
+msgid "<Left>, z, h\tGo back in history list"
+msgstr "<Links>, z, h\tEine Version zurückgehen"
 
-#: gitk:2822
+#: gitk:3055
 msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
 msgstr "<Rechts>, x, l\tEine Version weitergehen"
 
-#: gitk:2823
+#: gitk:3056
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-n>\tGo to n-th parent of current commit in history list"
+msgstr "<%s-n>\tZu n-ter Elternversion in Versionshistorie springen"
+
+#: gitk:3057
 msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<BildHoch>\tEine Seite nach oben blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2824
+#: gitk:3058
 msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<BildRunter>\tEine Seite nach unten blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2825
+#: gitk:3059
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Pos1>\tZum oberen Ende der Versionsliste blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2826
+#: gitk:3060
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Ende>\tZum unteren Ende der Versionsliste blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2827
+#: gitk:3061
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Hoch>\tVersionsliste eine Zeile nach oben blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2828
+#: gitk:3062
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Runter>\tVersionsliste eine Zeile nach unten blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2829
+#: gitk:3063
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
 msgstr "<%s-BildHoch>\tVersionsliste eine Seite nach oben blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2830
+#: gitk:3064
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
 msgstr "<%s-BildRunter>\tVersionsliste eine Seite nach unten blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2831
+#: gitk:3065
 msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
 msgstr "<Umschalt-Hoch>\tRückwärts suchen (nach oben; neuere Versionen)"
 
-#: gitk:2832
+#: gitk:3066
 msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
 msgstr "<Umschalt-Runter> Suchen (nach unten; ältere Versionen)"
 
-#: gitk:2833
+#: gitk:3067
 msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Entf>, b\t\tVergleich eine Seite nach oben blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2834
+#: gitk:3068
 msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Löschtaste>\tVergleich eine Seite nach oben blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2835
+#: gitk:3069
 msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
 msgstr "<Leertaste>\tVergleich eine Seite nach unten blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2836
+#: gitk:3070
 msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
 msgstr "u\t\tVergleich um 18 Zeilen nach oben blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2837
+#: gitk:3071
 msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
 msgstr "d\t\tVergleich um 18 Zeilen nach unten blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2838
+#: gitk:3072
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
 msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tSuchen"
 
-#: gitk:2839
+#: gitk:3073
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tWeitersuchen"
 
-#: gitk:2840
+#: gitk:3074
 msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<Eingabetaste>\tWeitersuchen"
 
-#: gitk:2841
+#: gitk:3075
+msgid "g\t\tGo to commit"
+msgstr "g\t\tZu Version springen"
+
+#: gitk:3076
 msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
 msgstr "/\t\tTastaturfokus ins Suchfeld"
 
-#: gitk:2842
+#: gitk:3077
 msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
 msgstr "?\t\tRückwärts weitersuchen"
 
-#: gitk:2843
+#: gitk:3078
 msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
 msgstr "f\t\tVergleich zur nächsten Datei blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2844
+#: gitk:3079
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tWeitersuchen im Vergleich"
 
-#: gitk:2845
+#: gitk:3080
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tRückwärts weitersuchen im Vergleich"
 
-#: gitk:2846
+#: gitk:3081
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Nummerblock-Plus>\tSchrift vergrößern"
 
-#: gitk:2847
+#: gitk:3082
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Plus>\tSchrift vergrößern"
 
-#: gitk:2848
+#: gitk:3083
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Nummernblock-Minus> Schrift verkleinern"
 
-#: gitk:2849
+#: gitk:3084
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Minus>\tSchrift verkleinern"
 
-#: gitk:2850
+#: gitk:3085
 msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
 msgstr "<F5>\t\tAktualisieren"
 
-#: gitk:3305 gitk:3314
+#: gitk:3550 gitk:3559
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Erzeugen des temporären Verzeichnisses »%s«:"
 
-#: gitk:3327
+#: gitk:3572
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Holen von »%s« von »%s«:"
 
-#: gitk:3390
+#: gitk:3635
 msgid "command failed:"
 msgstr "Kommando fehlgeschlagen:"
 
-#: gitk:3539
+#: gitk:3784
 msgid "No such commit"
 msgstr "Version nicht gefunden"
 
-#: gitk:3553
+#: gitk:3798
 msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
 msgstr "git gui blame: Kommando fehlgeschlagen:"
 
-#: gitk:3584
+#: gitk:3829
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
 msgstr "Zusammenführungs-Spitze konnte nicht gelesen werden: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3592
+#: gitk:3837
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error reading index: %s"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Lesen der Bereitstellung (»index«): %s"
 
-#: gitk:3617
+#: gitk:3862
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
 msgstr "»git blame« konnte nicht gestartet werden: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3620 gitk:6409
+#: gitk:3865 gitk:6754
 msgid "Searching"
 msgstr "Suchen"
 
-#: gitk:3652
+#: gitk:3897
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen von »git blame«: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3680
+#: gitk:3925
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
 msgstr ""
 "Diese Zeile stammt aus Version %s, die nicht in dieser Ansicht gezeigt wird"
 
-#: gitk:3694
+#: gitk:3939
 msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
 msgstr "Externes Diff-Programm fehlgeschlagen:"
 
-#: gitk:3812
+#: gitk:4070
 msgid "Gitk view definition"
 msgstr "Gitk-Ansichten"
 
-#: gitk:3816
+#: gitk:4074
 msgid "Remember this view"
 msgstr "Diese Ansicht speichern"
 
-#: gitk:3817
+#: gitk:4075
 msgid "References (space separated list):"
 msgstr "Zweige/Markierungen (durch Leerzeichen getrennte Liste):"
 
-#: gitk:3818
+#: gitk:4076
 msgid "Branches & tags:"
 msgstr "Zweige/Markierungen:"
 
-#: gitk:3819
+#: gitk:4077
 msgid "All refs"
 msgstr "Alle Markierungen und Zweige"
 
-#: gitk:3820
+#: gitk:4078
 msgid "All (local) branches"
 msgstr "Alle (lokalen) Zweige"
 
-#: gitk:3821
+#: gitk:4079
 msgid "All tags"
 msgstr "Alle Markierungen"
 
-#: gitk:3822
+#: gitk:4080
 msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "Alle Ãœbernahmezweige"
 
-#: gitk:3823
+#: gitk:4081
 msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
 msgstr "Versionsinformationen (reguläre Ausdrücke):"
 
-#: gitk:3824
+#: gitk:4082
 msgid "Author:"
 msgstr "Autor:"
 
-#: gitk:3825
+#: gitk:4083
 msgid "Committer:"
 msgstr "Eintragender:"
 
-#: gitk:3826
+#: gitk:4084
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Versionsbeschreibung:"
 
-#: gitk:3827
+#: gitk:4085
 msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
 msgstr "Alle Versionsinformationen-Kriterien erfüllen"
 
-#: gitk:3828
+#: gitk:4086
+msgid "Matches no Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "keine Versionsinformationen-Kriterien erfüllen"
+
+#: gitk:4087
 msgid "Changes to Files:"
 msgstr "Dateien:"
 
-#: gitk:3829
+#: gitk:4088
 msgid "Fixed String"
 msgstr "Zeichenkette"
 
-#: gitk:3830
+#: gitk:4089
 msgid "Regular Expression"
 msgstr "Regulärer Ausdruck"
 
-#: gitk:3831
+#: gitk:4090
 msgid "Search string:"
 msgstr "Suchausdruck:"
 
-#: gitk:3832
+#: gitk:4091
 msgid ""
 "Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
-msgstr "Datum (»2 weeks ago«, »2009-03-17 15:27:38«, »March 17, 2009 15:27:38«)"
+msgstr ""
+"Datum (»2 weeks ago«, »2009-03-17 15:27:38«, »March 17, 2009 15:27:38«)"
 
-#: gitk:3833
+#: gitk:4092
 msgid "Since:"
 msgstr "Von:"
 
-#: gitk:3834
+#: gitk:4093
 msgid "Until:"
 msgstr "Bis:"
 
-#: gitk:3835
+#: gitk:4094
 msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
 msgstr "Versionsanzahl begrenzen oder einige überspringen (ganzzahliger Wert):"
 
-#: gitk:3836
+#: gitk:4095
 msgid "Number to show:"
 msgstr "Anzeigen:"
 
-#: gitk:3837
+#: gitk:4096
 msgid "Number to skip:"
 msgstr "Ãœberspringen:"
 
-#: gitk:3838
+#: gitk:4097
 msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
 msgstr "Sonstiges:"
 
-#: gitk:3839
+#: gitk:4098
 msgid "Strictly sort by date"
 msgstr "Streng nach Datum sortieren"
 
-#: gitk:3840
+#: gitk:4099
 msgid "Mark branch sides"
 msgstr "Zweig-Seiten markieren"
 
-#: gitk:3841
+#: gitk:4100
 msgid "Limit to first parent"
 msgstr "Auf erste Elternversion beschränken"
 
-#: gitk:3842
+#: gitk:4101
 msgid "Simple history"
 msgstr "Einfache Historie"
 
-#: gitk:3843
+#: gitk:4102
 msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
 msgstr "Zusätzliche Argumente für »git log«:"
 
-#: gitk:3844
+#: gitk:4103
 msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
 msgstr "Folgende Dateien und Verzeichnisse anzeigen (eine pro Zeile):"
 
-#: gitk:3845
+#: gitk:4104
 msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
 msgstr "Versionsliste durch folgendes Kommando erzeugen lassen:"
 
-#: gitk:3967
+#: gitk:4228
 msgid "Gitk: edit view"
 msgstr "Gitk: Ansicht bearbeiten"
 
-#: gitk:3975
+#: gitk:4236
 msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
 msgstr "-- Auswahl der angezeigten Versionen"
 
-#: gitk:3980
+#: gitk:4241
 msgid "View Name"
 msgstr "Ansichtsname"
 
-#: gitk:4055
+#: gitk:4316
 msgid "Apply (F5)"
 msgstr "Anwenden (F5)"
 
-#: gitk:4093
+#: gitk:4354
 msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
 msgstr "Fehler in den ausgewählten Versionen:"
 
-#: gitk:4146 gitk:4198 gitk:4646 gitk:4660 gitk:5921 gitk:11534 gitk:11535
+#: gitk:4409 gitk:4462 gitk:4924 gitk:4938 gitk:6208 gitk:12373 gitk:12374
 msgid "None"
 msgstr "Keine"
 
-#: gitk:4594 gitk:6441 gitk:8287 gitk:8302
-msgid "Date"
-msgstr "Datum"
-
-#: gitk:4594 gitk:6441
-msgid "CDate"
-msgstr "Eintragedatum"
-
-#: gitk:4743 gitk:4748
+#: gitk:5021 gitk:5026
 msgid "Descendant"
 msgstr "Abkömmling"
 
-#: gitk:4744
+#: gitk:5022
 msgid "Not descendant"
 msgstr "Kein Abkömmling"
 
-#: gitk:4751 gitk:4756
+#: gitk:5029 gitk:5034
 msgid "Ancestor"
 msgstr "Vorgänger"
 
-#: gitk:4752
+#: gitk:5030
 msgid "Not ancestor"
 msgstr "Kein Vorgänger"
 
-#: gitk:5042
+#: gitk:5324
 msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
 msgstr "Lokale Änderungen bereitgestellt, aber nicht eingetragen"
 
-#: gitk:5078
+#: gitk:5360
 msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
 msgstr "Lokale Änderungen, nicht bereitgestellt"
 
-#: gitk:6759
+#: gitk:7134
+msgid "and many more"
+msgstr "und weitere"
+
+#: gitk:7137
 msgid "many"
 msgstr "viele"
 
-#: gitk:6942
+#: gitk:7328
 msgid "Tags:"
 msgstr "Markierungen:"
 
-#: gitk:6959 gitk:6965 gitk:8280
+#: gitk:7345 gitk:7351 gitk:8825
 msgid "Parent"
 msgstr "Eltern"
 
-#: gitk:6970
+#: gitk:7356
 msgid "Child"
 msgstr "Kind"
 
-#: gitk:6979
+#: gitk:7365
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "Zweig"
 
-#: gitk:6982
+#: gitk:7368
 msgid "Follows"
 msgstr "Folgt auf"
 
-#: gitk:6985
+#: gitk:7371
 msgid "Precedes"
 msgstr "Vorgänger von"
 
-#: gitk:7522
+#: gitk:7966
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Laden des Vergleichs: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8108
+#: gitk:8650
 msgid "Goto:"
 msgstr "Gehe zu:"
 
-#: gitk:8129
+#: gitk:8671
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
 msgstr "Kurzer SHA1-Hashwert »%s« ist mehrdeutig"
 
-#: gitk:8136
+#: gitk:8678
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not known"
 msgstr "Version »%s« ist unbekannt"
 
-#: gitk:8146
+#: gitk:8688
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
 msgstr "SHA1-Hashwert »%s« ist unbekannt"
 
-#: gitk:8148
+#: gitk:8690
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
 msgstr "Version »%s« wird in der aktuellen Ansicht nicht angezeigt"
 
-#: gitk:8290
+#: gitk:8832 gitk:8847
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Datum"
+
+#: gitk:8835
 msgid "Children"
 msgstr "Kinder"
 
-#: gitk:8348
+#: gitk:8898
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
 msgstr "Zweig »%s« hierher zurücksetzen"
 
-#: gitk:8350
+#: gitk:8900
 msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
 msgstr "Zweigspitze ist abgetrennt: Zurücksetzen nicht möglich"
 
-#: gitk:8459 gitk:8465
+#: gitk:9005 gitk:9011
 msgid "Skipping merge commit "
 msgstr "Überspringe Zusammenführungs-Version "
 
-#: gitk:8474 gitk:8479
+#: gitk:9020 gitk:9025
 msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
 msgstr "Fehler beim Holen der Patch-ID für "
 
-#: gitk:8475 gitk:8480
+#: gitk:9021 gitk:9026
 msgid " - stopping\n"
 msgstr " - Abbruch.\n"
 
-#: gitk:8485 gitk:8488 gitk:8496 gitk:8510 gitk:8519
+#: gitk:9031 gitk:9034 gitk:9042 gitk:9056 gitk:9065
 msgid "Commit "
 msgstr "Version "
 
-#: gitk:8489
+#: gitk:9035
 msgid ""
 " is the same patch as\n"
 "       "
@@ -844,7 +893,7 @@ msgstr ""
 " ist das gleiche Patch wie\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8497
+#: gitk:9043
 msgid ""
 " differs from\n"
 "       "
@@ -852,7 +901,7 @@ msgstr ""
 " ist unterschiedlich von\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8499
+#: gitk:9045
 msgid ""
 "Diff of commits:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -860,130 +909,131 @@ msgstr ""
 "Vergleich der Versionen:\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: gitk:8511 gitk:8520
+#: gitk:9057 gitk:9066
 #, tcl-format
 msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
 msgstr " hat %s Kinder. Abbruch\n"
 
-#: gitk:8539
+#: gitk:9085
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben der Version in Datei: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8545
+#: gitk:9091
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Vergleichen der Versionen: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8575
+#: gitk:9137
 msgid "Top"
 msgstr "Oben"
 
-#: gitk:8576
+#: gitk:9138
 msgid "From"
 msgstr "Von"
 
-#: gitk:8581
+#: gitk:9143
 msgid "To"
 msgstr "bis"
 
-#: gitk:8605
+#: gitk:9167
 msgid "Generate patch"
 msgstr "Patch erstellen"
 
-#: gitk:8607
+#: gitk:9169
 msgid "From:"
 msgstr "Von:"
 
-#: gitk:8616
+#: gitk:9178
 msgid "To:"
 msgstr "bis:"
 
-#: gitk:8625
+#: gitk:9187
 msgid "Reverse"
 msgstr "Umgekehrt"
 
-#: gitk:8627 gitk:8822
+#: gitk:9189 gitk:9385
 msgid "Output file:"
 msgstr "Ausgabedatei:"
 
-#: gitk:8633
+#: gitk:9195
 msgid "Generate"
 msgstr "Erzeugen"
 
-#: gitk:8671
+#: gitk:9233
 msgid "Error creating patch:"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Erzeugen des Patches:"
 
-#: gitk:8694 gitk:8810 gitk:8867
+#: gitk:9256 gitk:9373 gitk:9430
 msgid "ID:"
 msgstr "ID:"
 
-#: gitk:8703
+#: gitk:9265
 msgid "Tag name:"
 msgstr "Markierungsname:"
 
-#: gitk:8706
+#: gitk:9268
 msgid "Tag message is optional"
 msgstr "Eine Markierungsbeschreibung ist optional"
 
-#: gitk:8708
+#: gitk:9270
 msgid "Tag message:"
 msgstr "Markierungsbeschreibung:"
 
-#: gitk:8712 gitk:8876
+#: gitk:9274 gitk:9439
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "Erstellen"
 
-#: gitk:8730
+#: gitk:9292
 msgid "No tag name specified"
 msgstr "Kein Markierungsname angegeben"
 
-#: gitk:8734
+#: gitk:9296
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
 msgstr "Markierung »%s« existiert bereits."
 
-#: gitk:8744
+#: gitk:9306
 msgid "Error creating tag:"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen der Markierung:"
 
-#: gitk:8819
+#: gitk:9382
 msgid "Command:"
 msgstr "Kommando:"
 
-#: gitk:8827
+#: gitk:9390
 msgid "Write"
 msgstr "Schreiben"
 
-#: gitk:8845
+#: gitk:9408
 msgid "Error writing commit:"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben der Version:"
 
-#: gitk:8872
+#: gitk:9435
 msgid "Name:"
 msgstr "Name:"
 
-#: gitk:8895
+#: gitk:9458
 msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
 msgstr "Bitte geben Sie einen Namen für den neuen Zweig an."
 
-#: gitk:8900
+#: gitk:9463
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
 msgstr "Zweig »%s« existiert bereits. Soll er überschrieben werden?"
 
-#: gitk:8966
+#: gitk:9530
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
 msgstr ""
-"Version »%s« ist bereits im Zweig »%s« enthalten -- trotzdem erneut eintragen?"
+"Version »%s« ist bereits im Zweig »%s« enthalten -- trotzdem erneut "
+"eintragen?"
 
-#: gitk:8971
+#: gitk:9535
 msgid "Cherry-picking"
 msgstr "Version pflücken"
 
-#: gitk:8980
+#: gitk:9544
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
@@ -993,7 +1043,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "vorliegen. Bitte diese Änderungen eintragen, zurücksetzen oder\n"
 "zwischenspeichern (»git stash«) und dann erneut versuchen."
 
-#: gitk:8986
+#: gitk:9550
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
 "Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
@@ -1002,34 +1052,63 @@ msgstr ""
 "ist. Soll das Zusammenführungs-Werkzeug (»git citool«) aufgerufen\n"
 "werden, um diesen Konflikt aufzulösen?"
 
-#: gitk:9002
+#: gitk:9566 gitk:9624
 msgid "No changes committed"
 msgstr "Keine Änderungen eingetragen"
 
-#: gitk:9028
+#: gitk:9593
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is not included in branch %s -- really revert it?"
+msgstr ""
+"Version »%s« ist nicht im Zweig »%s« enthalten -- trotzdem umkehren?"
+
+#: gitk:9598
+msgid "Reverting"
+msgstr "Umkehren"
+
+#: gitk:9606
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of local changes to the following files:%s Please "
+"commit, reset or stash  your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+"Umkehren fehlgeschlagen, da noch lokale Änderungen in Datei »%s«\n"
+"vorliegen. Bitte diese Änderungen eintragen, zurücksetzen oder\n"
+"zwischenspeichern (»git stash«) und dann erneut versuchen."
+
+#: gitk:9610
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+" Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"Umkehren fehlgeschlagen, da ein Zusammenführungs-Konflikt aufgetreten\n"
+"ist. Soll das Zusammenführungs-Werkzeug (»git citool«) aufgerufen\n"
+"werden, um diesen Konflikt aufzulösen?"
+
+#: gitk:9653
 msgid "Confirm reset"
 msgstr "Zurücksetzen bestätigen"
 
-#: gitk:9030
+#: gitk:9655
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
 msgstr "Zweig »%s« auf »%s« zurücksetzen?"
 
-#: gitk:9032
+#: gitk:9657
 msgid "Reset type:"
 msgstr "Art des Zurücksetzens:"
 
-#: gitk:9035
+#: gitk:9660
 msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
 msgstr "Harmlos: Arbeitskopie und Bereitstellung unverändert"
 
-#: gitk:9038
+#: gitk:9663
 msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
 msgstr ""
 "Gemischt: Arbeitskopie unverändert,\n"
 "Bereitstellung zurückgesetzt"
 
-#: gitk:9041
+#: gitk:9666
 msgid ""
 "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
 "(discard ALL local changes)"
@@ -1037,21 +1116,21 @@ msgstr ""
 "Hart: Arbeitskopie und Bereitstellung\n"
 "(Alle lokalen Änderungen werden gelöscht)"
 
-#: gitk:9058
+#: gitk:9683
 msgid "Resetting"
 msgstr "Zurücksetzen"
 
-#: gitk:9118
+#: gitk:9743
 msgid "Checking out"
 msgstr "Umstellen"
 
-#: gitk:9171
+#: gitk:9796
 msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
 msgstr ""
 "Der Zweig, auf den die Arbeitskopie momentan umgestellt ist, kann nicht "
 "gelöscht werden."
 
-#: gitk:9177
+#: gitk:9802
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
@@ -1060,16 +1139,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "Die Versionen auf Zweig »%s« existieren auf keinem anderen Zweig.\n"
 "Zweig »%s« trotzdem löschen?"
 
-#: gitk:9208
+#: gitk:9833
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
 msgstr "Markierungen und Zweige: %s"
 
-#: gitk:9223
+#: gitk:9850
 msgid "Filter"
 msgstr "Filtern"
 
-#: gitk:9518
+#: gitk:10146
 msgid ""
 "Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
 "tag information will be incomplete."
@@ -1077,202 +1156,232 @@ msgstr ""
 "Fehler beim Lesen der Strukturinformationen; Zweige und Informationen zu "
 "Vorgänger/Nachfolger werden unvollständig sein."
 
-#: gitk:10504
+#: gitk:11123
 msgid "Tag"
 msgstr "Markierung"
 
-#: gitk:10504
+#: gitk:11127
 msgid "Id"
 msgstr "Id"
 
-#: gitk:10554
+#: gitk:11210
 msgid "Gitk font chooser"
 msgstr "Gitk-Schriften wählen"
 
-#: gitk:10571
+#: gitk:11227
 msgid "B"
 msgstr "F"
 
-#: gitk:10574
+#: gitk:11230
 msgid "I"
 msgstr "K"
 
-#: gitk:10692
-msgid "Gitk preferences"
-msgstr "Gitk-Einstellungen"
-
-#: gitk:10694
+#: gitk:11348
 msgid "Commit list display options"
 msgstr "Anzeige der Versionsliste"
 
-#: gitk:10697
+#: gitk:11351
 msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
 msgstr "Maximale Graphenbreite (Zeilen)"
 
-#: gitk:10700
-#, tcl-format
+#: gitk:11355
+#, no-tcl-format
 msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
 msgstr "Maximale Graphenbreite (% des Fensters)"
 
-#: gitk:10703
+#: gitk:11358
 msgid "Show local changes"
 msgstr "Lokale Änderungen anzeigen"
 
-#: gitk:10706
-msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
-msgstr "SHA1-Hashwert automatisch auswählen"
+#: gitk:11361
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"
+msgstr "SHA1-Hashwert (Länge) automatisch auswählen"
 
-#: gitk:10709
+#: gitk:11365
 msgid "Hide remote refs"
 msgstr "Entfernte Zweige/Markierungen ausblenden"
 
-#: gitk:10713
+#: gitk:11369
 msgid "Diff display options"
 msgstr "Anzeige des Vergleichs"
 
-#: gitk:10715
+#: gitk:11371
 msgid "Tab spacing"
 msgstr "Tabulatorbreite"
 
-#: gitk:10718
-msgid "Display nearby tags"
-msgstr "Naheliegende Markierungen anzeigen"
+#: gitk:11374
+msgid "Display nearby tags/heads"
+msgstr "Naheliegende Markierungen/Zweigspitzen anzeigen"
+
+#: gitk:11377
+msgid "Maximum # tags/heads to show"
+msgstr "Maximale Anzahl anzuzeigender Markierungen/Zweigspitzen"
 
-#: gitk:10721
+#: gitk:11380
 msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
 msgstr "Vergleich nur für angezeigte Pfade"
 
-#: gitk:10724
+#: gitk:11383
 msgid "Support per-file encodings"
 msgstr "Zeichenkodierung pro Datei ermitteln"
 
-#: gitk:10730 gitk:10819
+#: gitk:11389 gitk:11536
 msgid "External diff tool"
 msgstr "Externes Diff-Programm"
 
-#: gitk:10731
+#: gitk:11390
 msgid "Choose..."
 msgstr "Wählen ..."
 
-#: gitk:10736
+#: gitk:11395
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Allgemeine Optionen"
 
-#: gitk:10739
+#: gitk:11398
 msgid "Use themed widgets"
 msgstr "Aussehen der Benutzeroberfläche durch Thema bestimmen"
 
-#: gitk:10741
+#: gitk:11400
 msgid "(change requires restart)"
 msgstr "(Änderungen werden erst nach Neustart wirksam)"
 
-#: gitk:10743
+#: gitk:11402
 msgid "(currently unavailable)"
 msgstr "(Momentan nicht verfügbar)"
 
-#: gitk:10747
+#: gitk:11413
 msgid "Colors: press to choose"
 msgstr "Farben: Klicken zum Wählen"
 
-#: gitk:10750
+#: gitk:11416
 msgid "Interface"
 msgstr "Benutzeroberfläche"
 
-#: gitk:10751
+#: gitk:11417
 msgid "interface"
 msgstr "Benutzeroberfläche"
 
-#: gitk:10754
+#: gitk:11420
 msgid "Background"
 msgstr "Hintergrund"
 
-#: gitk:10755 gitk:10785
+#: gitk:11421 gitk:11451
 msgid "background"
 msgstr "Hintergrund"
 
-#: gitk:10758
+#: gitk:11424
 msgid "Foreground"
 msgstr "Vordergrund"
 
-#: gitk:10759
+#: gitk:11425
 msgid "foreground"
 msgstr "Vordergrund"
 
-#: gitk:10762
+#: gitk:11428
 msgid "Diff: old lines"
 msgstr "Vergleich: Alte Zeilen"
 
-#: gitk:10763
+#: gitk:11429
 msgid "diff old lines"
 msgstr "Vergleich - Alte Zeilen"
 
-#: gitk:10767
+#: gitk:11433
 msgid "Diff: new lines"
 msgstr "Vergleich: Neue Zeilen"
 
-#: gitk:10768
+#: gitk:11434
 msgid "diff new lines"
 msgstr "Vergleich - Neue Zeilen"
 
-#: gitk:10772
+#: gitk:11438
 msgid "Diff: hunk header"
 msgstr "Vergleich: Änderungstitel"
 
-#: gitk:10774
+#: gitk:11440
 msgid "diff hunk header"
 msgstr "Vergleich - Änderungstitel"
 
-#: gitk:10778
+#: gitk:11444
 msgid "Marked line bg"
 msgstr "Hintergrund für markierte Zeile"
 
-#: gitk:10780
+#: gitk:11446
 msgid "marked line background"
 msgstr "Hintergrund für markierte Zeile"
 
-#: gitk:10784
+#: gitk:11450
 msgid "Select bg"
 msgstr "Hintergrundfarbe auswählen"
 
-#: gitk:10788
+#: gitk:11459
 msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
 msgstr "Schriftart: Klicken zum Wählen"
 
-#: gitk:10790
+#: gitk:11461
 msgid "Main font"
 msgstr "Programmschriftart"
 
-#: gitk:10791
+#: gitk:11462
 msgid "Diff display font"
 msgstr "Schriftart für Vergleich"
 
-#: gitk:10792
+#: gitk:11463
 msgid "User interface font"
 msgstr "Beschriftungen"
 
-#: gitk:10829
+#: gitk:11485
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "Gitk-Einstellungen"
+
+#: gitk:11494
+msgid "General"
+msgstr "Allgemein"
+
+#: gitk:11495
+msgid "Colors"
+msgstr "Farben"
+
+#: gitk:11496
+msgid "Fonts"
+msgstr "Schriftarten"
+
+#: gitk:11546
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
 msgstr "Gitk: Farbe wählen für %s"
 
-#: gitk:11433
+#: gitk:12059
+msgid ""
+"Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+msgstr ""
+"Entschuldigung, gitk kann nicht mit dieser Tcl/Tk Version ausgeführt werden.\n"
+" Gitk erfordert mindestens Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+
+#: gitk:12269
 msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
 msgstr "Kein Git-Projektarchiv gefunden."
 
-#: gitk:11437
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
-msgstr "Git-Verzeichnis »%s« wurde nicht gefunden."
-
-#: gitk:11484
+#: gitk:12316
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
 msgstr "Mehrdeutige Angabe »%s«: Sowohl Version als auch Dateiname existiert."
 
-#: gitk:11496
+#: gitk:12328
 msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
 msgstr "Falsche Kommandozeilen-Parameter für gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:11587
-msgid "Command line"
-msgstr "Kommandozeile"
+#~ msgid "mc"
+#~ msgstr "mc"
+
+#~ msgid "next"
+#~ msgstr "nächste"
+
+#~ msgid "prev"
+#~ msgstr "vorige"
+
+#~ msgid "CDate"
+#~ msgstr "Eintragedatum"
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
+#~ msgstr "Git-Verzeichnis »%s« wurde nicht gefunden."
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/es.po b/gitk-git/po/es.po
index 0471dd0672..fef3bbafee 100644
--- a/gitk-git/po/es.po
+++ b/gitk-git/po/es.po
@@ -8,25 +8,43 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: gitk\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-10-18 22:03+1100\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-05-17 14:32+1000\n"
 "PO-Revision-Date: 2008-03-25 11:20+0100\n"
 "Last-Translator: Santiago Gala <santiago.gala@gmail.com>\n"
 "Language-Team: Spanish\n"
+"Language: \n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 
-#: gitk:113
+#: gitk:140
 msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
 msgstr "Imposible obtener la lista de archivos pendientes de fusión:"
 
-#: gitk:340
+#: gitk:212 gitk:2381
+msgid "Color words"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:217 gitk:2381 gitk:8220 gitk:8253
+msgid "Markup words"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:324
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
+msgstr "Error al leer las diferencias de fusión:"
+
+#: gitk:380
+msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:393
 msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
 msgstr ""
 "No hay archivos seleccionados: se seleccionó la opción --merge pero no hay "
 "archivos pendientes de fusión."
 
-#: gitk:343
+#: gitk:396
 msgid ""
 "No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
 "limit."
@@ -34,684 +52,1063 @@ msgstr ""
 "No hay archivos seleccionados: se seleccionó la opción --merge pero los "
 "archivos especificados no necesitan fusión."
 
-#: gitk:378
+#: gitk:418 gitk:566
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Error executing git log:"
+msgstr "Error al crear la etiqueta:"
+
+#: gitk:436 gitk:582
 msgid "Reading"
 msgstr "Leyendo"
 
-#: gitk:438 gitk:3462
+#: gitk:496 gitk:4525
 msgid "Reading commits..."
 msgstr "Leyendo revisiones..."
 
-#: gitk:441 gitk:1528 gitk:3465
+#: gitk:499 gitk:1637 gitk:4528
 msgid "No commits selected"
 msgstr "No se seleccionaron revisiones"
 
-#: gitk:1399
+#: gitk:1445 gitk:4045 gitk:12432
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Línea de comandos"
+
+#: gitk:1511
 msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
 msgstr "Error analizando la salida de git log:"
 
-#: gitk:1605
+#: gitk:1740
 msgid "No commit information available"
 msgstr "Falta información sobre las revisiones"
 
-#: gitk:1709 gitk:1731 gitk:3259 gitk:7764 gitk:9293 gitk:9466
+#: gitk:1903 gitk:1932 gitk:4315 gitk:9669 gitk:11241 gitk:11521
 msgid "OK"
 msgstr "Aceptar"
 
-#: gitk:1733 gitk:3260 gitk:7439 gitk:7510 gitk:7613 gitk:7660 gitk:7766
-#: gitk:9294 gitk:9467
+#: gitk:1934 gitk:4317 gitk:9196 gitk:9275 gitk:9391 gitk:9440 gitk:9671
+#: gitk:11242 gitk:11522
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Cancelar"
 
-#: gitk:1811
-msgid "Update"
+#: gitk:2069
+msgid "&Update"
 msgstr "Actualizar"
 
-#: gitk:1813
-msgid "Reread references"
+#: gitk:2070
+msgid "&Reload"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2071
+msgid "Reread re&ferences"
 msgstr "Releer referencias"
 
-#: gitk:1814
-msgid "List references"
+#: gitk:2072
+msgid "&List references"
 msgstr "Lista de referencias"
 
-#: gitk:1815
-msgid "Quit"
+#: gitk:2074
+msgid "Start git &gui"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2076
+msgid "&Quit"
 msgstr "Salir"
 
-#: gitk:1810
-msgid "File"
+#: gitk:2068
+msgid "&File"
 msgstr "Archivo"
 
-#: gitk:1818
-msgid "Preferences"
+#: gitk:2080
+msgid "&Preferences"
 msgstr "Preferencias"
 
-#: gitk:1817
-msgid "Edit"
+#: gitk:2079
+msgid "&Edit"
 msgstr "Editar"
 
-#: gitk:1821
-msgid "New view..."
+#: gitk:2084
+msgid "&New view..."
 msgstr "Nueva vista..."
 
-#: gitk:1822
-msgid "Edit view..."
+#: gitk:2085
+msgid "&Edit view..."
 msgstr "Modificar vista..."
 
-#: gitk:1823
-msgid "Delete view"
+#: gitk:2086
+msgid "&Delete view"
 msgstr "Eliminar vista"
 
-#: gitk:1825
-msgid "All files"
+#: gitk:2088 gitk:4043
+msgid "&All files"
 msgstr "Todos los archivos"
 
-#: gitk:1820 gitk:3196
-msgid "View"
+#: gitk:2083 gitk:4067
+msgid "&View"
 msgstr "Vista"
 
-#: gitk:1828 gitk:2487
-msgid "About gitk"
+#: gitk:2093 gitk:2103 gitk:3012
+msgid "&About gitk"
 msgstr "Acerca de gitk"
 
-#: gitk:1829
-msgid "Key bindings"
+#: gitk:2094 gitk:2108
+msgid "&Key bindings"
 msgstr "Combinaciones de teclas"
 
-#: gitk:1827
-msgid "Help"
+#: gitk:2092 gitk:2107
+msgid "&Help"
 msgstr "Ayuda"
 
-#: gitk:1887
-msgid "SHA1 ID: "
-msgstr "SHA1 ID: "
+#: gitk:2185 gitk:8652
+msgid "SHA1 ID:"
+msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
 
-#: gitk:1918
+#: gitk:2229
 msgid "Row"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: gitk:1949
+#: gitk:2267
 msgid "Find"
 msgstr "Buscar"
 
-#: gitk:1950
-msgid "next"
-msgstr "<<"
-
-#: gitk:1951
-msgid "prev"
-msgstr ">>"
-
-#: gitk:1952
+#: gitk:2295
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "revisión"
 
-#: gitk:1955 gitk:1957 gitk:3617 gitk:3640 gitk:3664 gitk:5550 gitk:5621
+#: gitk:2299 gitk:2301 gitk:4687 gitk:4710 gitk:4734 gitk:6755 gitk:6827
+#: gitk:6912
 msgid "containing:"
 msgstr "que contiene:"
 
-#: gitk:1958 gitk:2954 gitk:2959 gitk:3692
+#: gitk:2302 gitk:3526 gitk:3531 gitk:4763
 msgid "touching paths:"
 msgstr "que modifica la ruta:"
 
-#: gitk:1959 gitk:3697
+#: gitk:2303 gitk:4777
 msgid "adding/removing string:"
 msgstr "que añade/elimina cadena:"
 
-#: gitk:1968 gitk:1970
+#: gitk:2304 gitk:4779
+msgid "changing lines matching:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2313 gitk:2315 gitk:4766
 msgid "Exact"
 msgstr "Exacto"
 
-#: gitk:1970 gitk:3773 gitk:5518
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4854 gitk:6723
 msgid "IgnCase"
 msgstr "NoMayús"
 
-#: gitk:1970 gitk:3666 gitk:3771 gitk:5514
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4736 gitk:4852 gitk:6719
 msgid "Regexp"
 msgstr "Regex"
 
-#: gitk:1972 gitk:1973 gitk:3792 gitk:3822 gitk:3829 gitk:5641 gitk:5708
+#: gitk:2317 gitk:2318 gitk:4874 gitk:4904 gitk:4911 gitk:6848 gitk:6916
 msgid "All fields"
 msgstr "Todos los campos"
 
-#: gitk:1973 gitk:3790 gitk:3822 gitk:5580
+#: gitk:2318 gitk:4871 gitk:4904 gitk:6786
 msgid "Headline"
 msgstr "Título"
 
-#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:5708 gitk:6109
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:6786 gitk:6916 gitk:7389
 msgid "Comments"
 msgstr "Comentarios"
 
-#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:3794 gitk:3829 gitk:5580 gitk:6045 gitk:7285
-#: gitk:7300
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:4876 gitk:4911 gitk:6786 gitk:7324 gitk:8830
+#: gitk:8845
 msgid "Author"
 msgstr "Autor"
 
-#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:6047
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:6786 gitk:7326
 msgid "Committer"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: gitk:2003
+#: gitk:2350
 msgid "Search"
 msgstr "Buscar"
 
-#: gitk:2010
+#: gitk:2358
 msgid "Diff"
 msgstr "Diferencia"
 
-#: gitk:2012
+#: gitk:2360
 msgid "Old version"
 msgstr "Versión antigua"
 
-#: gitk:2014
+#: gitk:2362
 msgid "New version"
 msgstr "Versión nueva"
 
-#: gitk:2016
+#: gitk:2364
 msgid "Lines of context"
 msgstr "Líneas de contexto"
 
-#: gitk:2026
+#: gitk:2374
 msgid "Ignore space change"
 msgstr "Ignora cambios de espaciado"
 
-#: gitk:2084
+#: gitk:2378 gitk:2380 gitk:7959 gitk:8206
+msgid "Line diff"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2445
 msgid "Patch"
 msgstr "Parche"
 
-#: gitk:2086
+#: gitk:2447
 msgid "Tree"
 msgstr "�rbol"
 
-#: gitk:2213 gitk:2226
+#: gitk:2617 gitk:2637
 msgid "Diff this -> selected"
 msgstr "Diferencia de esta -> seleccionada"
 
-#: gitk:2214 gitk:2227
+#: gitk:2618 gitk:2638
 msgid "Diff selected -> this"
 msgstr "Diferencia de seleccionada -> esta"
 
-#: gitk:2215 gitk:2228
+#: gitk:2619 gitk:2639
 msgid "Make patch"
 msgstr "Crear patch"
 
-#: gitk:2216 gitk:7494
+#: gitk:2620 gitk:9254
 msgid "Create tag"
 msgstr "Crear etiqueta"
 
-#: gitk:2217 gitk:7593
+#: gitk:2621 gitk:9371
 msgid "Write commit to file"
 msgstr "Escribir revisiones a archivo"
 
-#: gitk:2218 gitk:7647
+#: gitk:2622 gitk:9428
 msgid "Create new branch"
 msgstr "Crear nueva rama"
 
-#: gitk:2219
+#: gitk:2623
 msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
 msgstr "Añadir esta revisión a la rama actual (cherry-pick)"
 
-#: gitk:2220
+#: gitk:2624
 msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
 msgstr "Traer la rama HEAD aquí"
 
-#: gitk:2234
+#: gitk:2625
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Mark this commit"
+msgstr "Añadir esta revisión a la rama actual (cherry-pick)"
+
+#: gitk:2626
+msgid "Return to mark"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2627
+msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2628
+msgid "Compare with marked commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2629 gitk:2640
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Diff this -> marked commit"
+msgstr "Diferencia de esta -> seleccionada"
+
+#: gitk:2630 gitk:2641
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Diff marked commit -> this"
+msgstr "Diferencia de seleccionada -> esta"
+
+#: gitk:2631
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Revert this commit"
+msgstr "Añadir esta revisión a la rama actual (cherry-pick)"
+
+#: gitk:2647
 msgid "Check out this branch"
 msgstr "Cambiar a esta rama"
 
-#: gitk:2235
+#: gitk:2648
 msgid "Remove this branch"
 msgstr "Eliminar esta rama"
 
-#: gitk:2242
+#: gitk:2649
+msgid "Copy branch name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2656
 msgid "Highlight this too"
 msgstr "Seleccionar también"
 
-#: gitk:2243
+#: gitk:2657
 msgid "Highlight this only"
 msgstr "Seleccionar sólo"
 
-#: gitk:2245
+#: gitk:2658
+msgid "External diff"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2659
 msgid "Blame parent commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: gitk:2488
+#: gitk:2660
+msgid "Copy path"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2667
+msgid "Show origin of this line"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2668
+msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:3014
+#, fuzzy
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - un visualizador de revisiones para git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Uso y redistribución permitidos según los términos de la Licencia Pública "
 "General de GNU (GNU GPL)"
 
-#: gitk:2496 gitk:2557 gitk:7943
+#: gitk:3022 gitk:3089 gitk:9857
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "Cerrar"
 
-#: gitk:2515
+#: gitk:3043
 msgid "Gitk key bindings"
 msgstr "Combinaciones de tecla de Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2517
+#: gitk:3046
 msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
 msgstr "Combinaciones de tecla de Gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:2519
+#: gitk:3048
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
 msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tSalir"
 
-#: gitk:2520
+#: gitk:3049
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-W>\t\tClose window"
+msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tBuscar"
+
+#: gitk:3050
 msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
 msgstr "<Home>\t\tIr a la primera revisión"
 
-#: gitk:2521
+#: gitk:3051
 msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
 msgstr "<End>\t\tIr a la última revisión"
 
-#: gitk:2522
-msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
+#: gitk:3052
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "<Up>, p, k\tMove up one commit"
 msgstr "<Up>, p, i\tSubir una revisión"
 
-#: gitk:2523
-msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
+#: gitk:3053
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "<Down>, n, j\tMove down one commit"
 msgstr "<Down>, n, k\tBajar una revisión"
 
-#: gitk:2524
-msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
+#: gitk:3054
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "<Left>, z, h\tGo back in history list"
 msgstr "<Left>, z, j\tRetroceder en la historia"
 
-#: gitk:2525
+#: gitk:3055
 msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
 msgstr "<Right>, x, l\tAvanzar en la historia"
 
-#: gitk:2526
+#: gitk:3056
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-n>\tGo to n-th parent of current commit in history list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:3057
 msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageUp>\tSubir una página en la lista de revisiones"
 
-#: gitk:2527
+#: gitk:3058
 msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageDown>\tBajar una página en la lista de revisiones"
 
-#: gitk:2528
+#: gitk:3059
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Home>\tDesplazarse al inicio de la lista de revisiones"
 
-#: gitk:2529
+#: gitk:3060
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-End>\tDesplazarse al final de la lista de revisiones"
 
-#: gitk:2530
+#: gitk:3061
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Up>\tDesplazar una línea hacia arriba la lista de revisiones"
 
-#: gitk:2531
+#: gitk:3062
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Down>\tDesplazar una línea hacia abajo la lista de revisiones"
 
-#: gitk:2532
+#: gitk:3063
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tDesplazar una página hacia arriba la lista de revisiones"
 
-#: gitk:2533
+#: gitk:3064
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tDesplazar una página hacia abajo la lista de revisiones"
 
-#: gitk:2534
+#: gitk:3065
 msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
 msgstr "<Shift-Up>\tBuscar hacia atrás (arriba, revisiones siguientes)"
 
-#: gitk:2535
+#: gitk:3066
 msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
 msgstr "<Shift-Down>\tBuscar hacia adelante (abajo, revisiones anteriores)"
 
-#: gitk:2536
+#: gitk:3067
 msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Delete>, b\tDesplaza hacia arriba una página la vista de diferencias"
 
-#: gitk:2537
+#: gitk:3068
 msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Backspace>\tDesplaza hacia arriba una página la vista de diferencias"
 
-#: gitk:2538
+#: gitk:3069
 msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
 msgstr "<Space>\t\tDesplaza hacia abajo una página la vista de diferencias"
 
-#: gitk:2539
+#: gitk:3070
 msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
 msgstr "u\t\tDesplaza hacia arriba 18 líneas la vista de diferencias"
 
-#: gitk:2540
+#: gitk:3071
 msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
 msgstr "d\t\tDesplaza hacia abajo 18 líneas la vista de diferencias"
 
-#: gitk:2541
+#: gitk:3072
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
 msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tBuscar"
 
-#: gitk:2542
+#: gitk:3073
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tBuscar el siguiente"
 
-#: gitk:2543
+#: gitk:3074
 msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<Return>\tBuscar el siguiente"
 
-#: gitk:2544
-msgid "/\t\tMove to next find hit, or redo find"
-msgstr "/\t\tBuscar el siguiente, o reiniciar la búsqueda"
+#: gitk:3075
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "g\t\tGo to commit"
+msgstr "<End>\t\tIr a la última revisión"
 
-#: gitk:2545
+#: gitk:3076
+msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:3077
 msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
 msgstr "?\t\tBuscar el anterior"
 
-#: gitk:2546
+#: gitk:3078
 msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
 msgstr "f\t\tDesplazar la vista de diferencias al archivo siguiente"
 
-#: gitk:2547
+#: gitk:3079
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tBuscar siguiente en la vista de diferencias"
 
-#: gitk:2548
+#: gitk:3080
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tBuscar anterior en la vista de diferencias"
 
-#: gitk:2549
+#: gitk:3081
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-KP+>\tAumentar tamaño del texto"
 
-#: gitk:2550
+#: gitk:3082
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-plus>\tAumentar tamaño del texto"
 
-#: gitk:2551
+#: gitk:3083
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-KP->\tDisminuir tamaño del texto"
 
-#: gitk:2552
+#: gitk:3084
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-minus>\tDisminuir tamaño del texto"
 
-#: gitk:2553
+#: gitk:3085
 msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
 msgstr "<F5>\t\tActualizar"
 
-#: gitk:3200
+#: gitk:3550 gitk:3559
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
+msgstr "Error en la creación del parche:"
+
+#: gitk:3572
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
+msgstr "Error al leer las diferencias de fusión:"
+
+#: gitk:3635
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "command failed:"
+msgstr "Línea de comandos"
+
+#: gitk:3784
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "No such commit"
+msgstr "No se han guardado cambios"
+
+#: gitk:3798
+msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:3829
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:3837
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "Error reading index: %s"
+msgstr "Error al crear la etiqueta:"
+
+#: gitk:3862
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:3865 gitk:6754
+msgid "Searching"
+msgstr "Buscando"
+
+#: gitk:3897
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
+msgstr "Error al crear la etiqueta:"
+
+#: gitk:3925
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:3939
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
+msgstr "f\t\tDesplazar la vista de diferencias al archivo siguiente"
+
+#: gitk:4070
 msgid "Gitk view definition"
 msgstr "Definición de vistas de Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:3225
-msgid "Name"
-msgstr "Nombre"
-
-#: gitk:3228
+#: gitk:4074
 msgid "Remember this view"
 msgstr "Recordar esta vista"
 
-#: gitk:3232
-msgid "Commits to include (arguments to git log):"
+#: gitk:4075
+msgid "References (space separated list):"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4076
+msgid "Branches & tags:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4077
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "All refs"
+msgstr "Todos los archivos"
+
+#: gitk:4078
+msgid "All (local) branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4079
+msgid "All tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4080
+msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4081
+msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4082
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "Autor"
+
+#: gitk:4083
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "revisión"
+
+#: gitk:4084
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4085
+msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4086
+msgid "Matches no Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4087
+msgid "Changes to Files:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4088
+msgid "Fixed String"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4089
+msgid "Regular Expression"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4090
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Search string:"
+msgstr "Buscando"
+
+#: gitk:4091
+msgid ""
+"Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
+"15:27:38\"):"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4092
+msgid "Since:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4093
+msgid "Until:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4094
+msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4095
+msgid "Number to show:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4096
+msgid "Number to skip:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4097
+msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4098
+msgid "Strictly sort by date"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4099
+msgid "Mark branch sides"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4100
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Limit to first parent"
+msgstr "Limitar las diferencias a las rutas seleccionadas"
+
+#: gitk:4101
+msgid "Simple history"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4102
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
 msgstr "Revisiones a incluir (argumentos a git log):"
 
-#: gitk:3239
+#: gitk:4103
+msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
+msgstr "Introducir archivos y directorios a incluir, uno por línea:"
+
+#: gitk:4104
 msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
 msgstr "Comando que genera más revisiones a incluir:"
 
-#: gitk:3246
-msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
-msgstr "Introducir archivos y directorios a incluir, uno por línea:"
+#: gitk:4228
+msgid "Gitk: edit view"
+msgstr ""
 
-#: gitk:3293
+#: gitk:4236
+msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4241
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "View Name"
+msgstr "Vista"
+
+#: gitk:4316
+msgid "Apply (F5)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:4354
 msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
 msgstr "Error en los argumentos de selección de las revisiones:"
 
-#: gitk:3347 gitk:3399 gitk:3842 gitk:3856 gitk:5060 gitk:10141 gitk:10142
+#: gitk:4409 gitk:4462 gitk:4924 gitk:4938 gitk:6208 gitk:12373 gitk:12374
 msgid "None"
 msgstr "Ninguno"
 
-#: gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:7287 gitk:7302
-msgid "Date"
-msgstr "Fecha"
-
-#: gitk:3790 gitk:5580
-msgid "CDate"
-msgstr "Fecha de creación"
-
-#: gitk:3939 gitk:3944
+#: gitk:5021 gitk:5026
 msgid "Descendant"
 msgstr "Descendiente"
 
-#: gitk:3940
+#: gitk:5022
 msgid "Not descendant"
 msgstr "No descendiente"
 
-#: gitk:3947 gitk:3952
+#: gitk:5029 gitk:5034
 msgid "Ancestor"
 msgstr "Antepasado"
 
-#: gitk:3948
+#: gitk:5030
 msgid "Not ancestor"
 msgstr "No antepasado"
 
-#: gitk:4187
+#: gitk:5324
 msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
 msgstr "Cambios locales añadidos al índice pero sin completar revisión"
 
-#: gitk:4220
+#: gitk:5360
 msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
 msgstr "Cambios locales sin añadir al índice"
 
-#: gitk:5549
-msgid "Searching"
-msgstr "Buscando"
+#: gitk:7134
+msgid "and many more"
+msgstr ""
 
-#: gitk:6049
+#: gitk:7137
+msgid "many"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:7328
 msgid "Tags:"
 msgstr "Etiquetas:"
 
-#: gitk:6066 gitk:6072 gitk:7280
+#: gitk:7345 gitk:7351 gitk:8825
 msgid "Parent"
 msgstr "Padre"
 
-#: gitk:6077
+#: gitk:7356
 msgid "Child"
 msgstr "Hija"
 
-#: gitk:6086
+#: gitk:7365
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "Rama"
 
-#: gitk:6089
+#: gitk:7368
 msgid "Follows"
 msgstr "Sigue-a"
 
-#: gitk:6092
+#: gitk:7371
 msgid "Precedes"
 msgstr "Precede-a"
 
-#: gitk:6378
-msgid "Error getting merge diffs:"
+#: gitk:7966
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
 msgstr "Error al leer las diferencias de fusión:"
 
-#: gitk:7113
+#: gitk:8650
 msgid "Goto:"
 msgstr "Ir a:"
 
-#: gitk:7115
-msgid "SHA1 ID:"
-msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
-
-#: gitk:7134
+#: gitk:8671
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
 msgstr "La id SHA1 abreviada %s es ambigua"
 
-#: gitk:7146
+#: gitk:8678
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "Revision %s is not known"
+msgstr "La id SHA1 %s es desconocida"
+
+#: gitk:8688
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
 msgstr "La id SHA1 %s es desconocida"
 
-#: gitk:7148
+#: gitk:8690
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Tag/Head %s is not known"
-msgstr "La etiqueta/rama %s es deconocida"
+msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
+msgstr ""
 
-#: gitk:7290
+#: gitk:8832 gitk:8847
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Fecha"
+
+#: gitk:8835
 msgid "Children"
 msgstr "Hijas"
 
-#: gitk:7347
+#: gitk:8898
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
 msgstr "Poner la rama %s en esta revisión"
 
-#: gitk:7349
+#: gitk:8900
 msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: gitk:7381
+#: gitk:9005 gitk:9011
+msgid "Skipping merge commit "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9020 gitk:9025
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
+msgstr "Error en la creación del parche:"
+
+#: gitk:9021 gitk:9026
+msgid " - stopping\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9031 gitk:9034 gitk:9042 gitk:9056 gitk:9065
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Commit "
+msgstr "revisión"
+
+#: gitk:9035
+msgid ""
+" is the same patch as\n"
+"       "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9043
+msgid ""
+" differs from\n"
+"       "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9045
+msgid ""
+"Diff of commits:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9057 gitk:9066
+#, tcl-format
+msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9085
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
+msgstr "Error al escribir revisión:"
+
+#: gitk:9091
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
+msgstr "Error al escribir revisión:"
+
+#: gitk:9137
 msgid "Top"
 msgstr "Origen"
 
-#: gitk:7382
+#: gitk:9138
 msgid "From"
 msgstr "De"
 
-#: gitk:7387
+#: gitk:9143
 msgid "To"
 msgstr "A"
 
-#: gitk:7410
+#: gitk:9167
 msgid "Generate patch"
 msgstr "Generar parche"
 
-#: gitk:7412
+#: gitk:9169
 msgid "From:"
 msgstr "De:"
 
-#: gitk:7421
+#: gitk:9178
 msgid "To:"
 msgstr "Para:"
 
-#: gitk:7430
+#: gitk:9187
 msgid "Reverse"
 msgstr "Invertir"
 
-#: gitk:7432 gitk:7607
+#: gitk:9189 gitk:9385
 msgid "Output file:"
 msgstr "Escribir a archivo:"
 
-#: gitk:7438
+#: gitk:9195
 msgid "Generate"
 msgstr "Generar"
 
-#: gitk:7474
+#: gitk:9233
 msgid "Error creating patch:"
 msgstr "Error en la creación del parche:"
 
-#: gitk:7496 gitk:7595 gitk:7649
+#: gitk:9256 gitk:9373 gitk:9430
 msgid "ID:"
 msgstr "ID:"
 
-#: gitk:7505
+#: gitk:9265
 msgid "Tag name:"
 msgstr "Nombre de etiqueta:"
 
-#: gitk:7509 gitk:7659
+#: gitk:9268
+msgid "Tag message is optional"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9270
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Tag message:"
+msgstr "Nombre de etiqueta:"
+
+#: gitk:9274 gitk:9439
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "Crear"
 
-#: gitk:7524
+#: gitk:9292
 msgid "No tag name specified"
 msgstr "No se ha especificado etiqueta"
 
-#: gitk:7528
+#: gitk:9296
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
 msgstr "La etiqueta \"%s\" ya existe"
 
-#: gitk:7534
+#: gitk:9306
 msgid "Error creating tag:"
 msgstr "Error al crear la etiqueta:"
 
-#: gitk:7604
+#: gitk:9382
 msgid "Command:"
 msgstr "Comando:"
 
-#: gitk:7612
+#: gitk:9390
 msgid "Write"
 msgstr "Escribir"
 
-#: gitk:7628
+#: gitk:9408
 msgid "Error writing commit:"
 msgstr "Error al escribir revisión:"
 
-#: gitk:7654
+#: gitk:9435
 msgid "Name:"
 msgstr "Nombre:"
 
-#: gitk:7674
+#: gitk:9458
 msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
 msgstr "Especifique un nombre para la nueva rama"
 
-#: gitk:7703
+#: gitk:9463
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
+msgstr "La etiqueta \"%s\" ya existe"
+
+#: gitk:9530
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
 msgstr "La revisión %s ya está incluida en la rama %s -- ¿Volver a aplicarla?"
 
-#: gitk:7708
+#: gitk:9535
 msgid "Cherry-picking"
 msgstr "Eligiendo revisiones (cherry-picking)"
 
-#: gitk:7720
+#: gitk:9544
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
+"Please commit, reset or stash your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9550
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+"Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9566 gitk:9624
 msgid "No changes committed"
 msgstr "No se han guardado cambios"
 
-#: gitk:7745
+#: gitk:9593
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is not included in branch %s -- really revert it?"
+msgstr "La revisión %s ya está incluida en la rama %s -- ¿Volver a aplicarla?"
+
+#: gitk:9598
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Reverting"
+msgstr "Reponiendo"
+
+#: gitk:9606
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of local changes to the following files:%s Please "
+"commit, reset or stash  your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9610
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+" Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9653
 msgid "Confirm reset"
 msgstr "Confirmar git reset"
 
-#: gitk:7747
+#: gitk:9655
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
 msgstr "¿Reponer la rama %s a %s?"
 
-#: gitk:7751
+#: gitk:9657
 msgid "Reset type:"
 msgstr "Tipo de reposición:"
 
-#: gitk:7755
+#: gitk:9660
 msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
 msgstr "Suave: No altera la copia de trabajo ni el índice"
 
-#: gitk:7758
+#: gitk:9663
 msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
 msgstr "Mixta: Actualiza el índice, no altera la copia de trabajo"
 
-#: gitk:7761
+#: gitk:9666
 msgid ""
 "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
 "(discard ALL local changes)"
@@ -719,19 +1116,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "Dura: Actualiza el índice y la copia de trabajo\n"
 "(abandona TODAS las modificaciones locales)"
 
-#: gitk:7777
+#: gitk:9683
 msgid "Resetting"
 msgstr "Reponiendo"
 
-#: gitk:7834
+#: gitk:9743
 msgid "Checking out"
 msgstr "Creando copia de trabajo"
 
-#: gitk:7885
+#: gitk:9796
 msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
 msgstr "No se puede borrar la rama actual"
 
-#: gitk:7891
+#: gitk:9802
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
@@ -740,16 +1137,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "Las revisiones de la rama %s no están presentes en otras ramas.\n"
 "¿Borrar la rama %s?"
 
-#: gitk:7922
+#: gitk:9833
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
 msgstr "Etiquetas y ramas: %s"
 
-#: gitk:7936
+#: gitk:9850
 msgid "Filter"
 msgstr "Filtro"
 
-#: gitk:8230
+#: gitk:10146
 msgid ""
 "Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
 "tag information will be incomplete."
@@ -757,129 +1154,211 @@ msgstr ""
 "Error al leer la topología de revisiones: la información sobre las ramas y "
 "etiquetas precedentes y siguientes será incompleta."
 
-#: gitk:9216
+#: gitk:11123
 msgid "Tag"
 msgstr "Etiqueta"
 
-#: gitk:9216
+#: gitk:11127
 msgid "Id"
 msgstr "Id"
 
-#: gitk:9262
+#: gitk:11210
 msgid "Gitk font chooser"
 msgstr "Selector de tipografías gitk"
 
-#: gitk:9279
+#: gitk:11227
 msgid "B"
 msgstr "B"
 
-#: gitk:9282
+#: gitk:11230
 msgid "I"
 msgstr "I"
 
-#: gitk:9375
-msgid "Gitk preferences"
-msgstr "Preferencias de gitk"
-
-#: gitk:9376
+#: gitk:11348
 msgid "Commit list display options"
 msgstr "Opciones de visualización de la lista de revisiones"
 
-#: gitk:9379
+#: gitk:11351
 msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
 msgstr "Ancho máximo del gráfico (en líneas)"
 
-#: gitk:9383
-#, tcl-format
+#: gitk:11355
+#, no-tcl-format
 msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
 msgstr "Ancho máximo del gráfico (en % del panel)"
 
-#: gitk:9388
+#: gitk:11358
 msgid "Show local changes"
 msgstr "Mostrar cambios locales"
 
-#: gitk:9393
-msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
+#: gitk:11361
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"
 msgstr "Seleccionar automáticamente SHA1 hash"
 
-#: gitk:9398
+#: gitk:11365
+msgid "Hide remote refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11369
 msgid "Diff display options"
 msgstr "Opciones de visualización de diferencias"
 
-#: gitk:9400
+#: gitk:11371
 msgid "Tab spacing"
 msgstr "Espaciado de tabulador"
 
-#: gitk:9404
-msgid "Display nearby tags"
+#: gitk:11374
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Display nearby tags/heads"
 msgstr "Mostrar etiquetas cercanas"
 
-#: gitk:9409
+#: gitk:11377
+msgid "Maximum # tags/heads to show"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11380
 msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
 msgstr "Limitar las diferencias a las rutas seleccionadas"
 
-#: gitk:9414
+#: gitk:11383
 msgid "Support per-file encodings"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: gitk:9421
+#: gitk:11389 gitk:11536
 msgid "External diff tool"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: gitk:9423
+#: gitk:11390
 msgid "Choose..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: gitk:9428
+#: gitk:11395
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "General options"
+msgstr "Generar parche"
+
+#: gitk:11398
+msgid "Use themed widgets"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11400
+msgid "(change requires restart)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11402
+msgid "(currently unavailable)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11413
 msgid "Colors: press to choose"
 msgstr "Colores: pulse para seleccionar"
 
-#: gitk:9431
+#: gitk:11416
+msgid "Interface"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11417
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "interface"
+msgstr "Tipografía para interfaz de usuario"
+
+#: gitk:11420
 msgid "Background"
 msgstr "Fondo"
 
-#: gitk:9435
+#: gitk:11421 gitk:11451
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "background"
+msgstr "Fondo"
+
+#: gitk:11424
 msgid "Foreground"
 msgstr "Primer plano"
 
-#: gitk:9439
+#: gitk:11425
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "foreground"
+msgstr "Primer plano"
+
+#: gitk:11428
 msgid "Diff: old lines"
 msgstr "Diff: líneas viejas"
 
-#: gitk:9444
+#: gitk:11429
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "diff old lines"
+msgstr "Diff: líneas viejas"
+
+#: gitk:11433
 msgid "Diff: new lines"
 msgstr "Diff: líneas nuevas"
 
-#: gitk:9449
+#: gitk:11434
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "diff new lines"
+msgstr "Diff: líneas nuevas"
+
+#: gitk:11438
 msgid "Diff: hunk header"
 msgstr "Diff: cabecera de fragmento"
 
-#: gitk:9455
+#: gitk:11440
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "diff hunk header"
+msgstr "Diff: cabecera de fragmento"
+
+#: gitk:11444
+msgid "Marked line bg"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11446
+msgid "marked line background"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11450
 msgid "Select bg"
 msgstr "Color de fondo de la selección"
 
-#: gitk:9459
+#: gitk:11459
 msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
 msgstr "Tipografías: pulse para elegir"
 
-#: gitk:9461
+#: gitk:11461
 msgid "Main font"
 msgstr "Tipografía principal"
 
-#: gitk:9462
+#: gitk:11462
 msgid "Diff display font"
 msgstr "Tipografía para diferencias"
 
-#: gitk:9463
+#: gitk:11463
 msgid "User interface font"
 msgstr "Tipografía para interfaz de usuario"
 
-#: gitk:9488
+#: gitk:11485
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "Preferencias de gitk"
+
+#: gitk:11494
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "General"
+msgstr "Generar"
+
+#: gitk:11495
+msgid "Colors"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11496
+msgid "Fonts"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11546
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
 msgstr "Gitk: elegir color para %s"
 
-#: gitk:9934
+#: gitk:12059
 msgid ""
 "Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
 " Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
@@ -887,25 +1366,40 @@ msgstr ""
 "Esta versión de Tcl/Tk es demasiado antigua.\n"
 " Gitk requiere Tcl/Tk versión 8.4 o superior."
 
-#: gitk:10047
+#: gitk:12269
 msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
 msgstr "No hay un repositorio git aquí."
 
-#: gitk:10051
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
-msgstr "No hay directorio git \"%s\"."
-
-#: gitk:10098
+#: gitk:12316
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
 msgstr ""
 "Argumento ambiguo: '%s' es tanto una revisión como un nombre de archivo"
 
-#: gitk:10110
+#: gitk:12328
 msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
 msgstr "Argumentos incorrectos a Gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:10170
-msgid "Command line"
-msgstr "Línea de comandos"
+#~ msgid "SHA1 ID: "
+#~ msgstr "SHA1 ID: "
+
+#~ msgid "next"
+#~ msgstr "<<"
+
+#~ msgid "prev"
+#~ msgstr ">>"
+
+#~ msgid "/\t\tMove to next find hit, or redo find"
+#~ msgstr "/\t\tBuscar el siguiente, o reiniciar la búsqueda"
+
+#~ msgid "Name"
+#~ msgstr "Nombre"
+
+#~ msgid "CDate"
+#~ msgstr "Fecha de creación"
+
+#~ msgid "Tag/Head %s is not known"
+#~ msgstr "La etiqueta/rama %s es deconocida"
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
+#~ msgstr "No hay directorio git \"%s\"."
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/fr.po b/gitk-git/po/fr.po
index 5370ddc393..e4fac932e5 100644
--- a/gitk-git/po/fr.po
+++ b/gitk-git/po/fr.po
@@ -3,642 +3,705 @@
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the gitk package.
 # Translators:
 # Emmanuel Trillaud <etrillaud@gmail.com>
-#
+# Jean-Noël Avila <jn.avila@free.fr>
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: gitk\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2009-10-05 15:16+0200\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-11-19 22:13+0100\n"
-"Last-Translator: Emmanuel Trillaud <etrillaud@gmail.com>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-01-22 22:04+0100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-01-22 23:28+0100\n"
+"Last-Translator: Jean-Noël Avila <jn.avila@free.fr>\n"
 "Language-Team: git@vger.kernel.org\n"
+"Language: \n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 "X-Poedit-Language: French\n"
 "X-Poedit-Country: FRANCE\n"
 
-#: gitk:113
+#: gitk:140
 msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
 msgstr "Impossible de récupérer la liste des fichiers non fusionnés :"
 
-#: gitk:269
+#: gitk:212 gitk:2399
+msgid "Color words"
+msgstr "Colorier les mots différents"
+
+#: gitk:217 gitk:2399 gitk:8239 gitk:8272
+msgid "Markup words"
+msgstr "Marquer les mots différents"
+
+#: gitk:324
 msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
 msgstr "Erreur lors du parcours des révisions :"
 
-#: gitk:324
+#: gitk:380
 msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
 msgstr "Erreur à l'exécution de la commande --argscmd :"
 
-#: gitk:337
+#: gitk:393
 msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
 msgstr ""
 "Aucun fichier sélectionné : --merge précisé, mais tous les fichiers sont "
 "fusionnés."
 
 # FIXME : améliorer la traduction de 'file limite'
-#: gitk:340
-#, fuzzy
+#: gitk:396
 msgid ""
 "No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
 "limit."
-msgstr ""
-"Aucun fichier sélectionné : --merge précisé mais aucun fichier non fusionné "
-"n'est dans la limite des fichiers."
+msgstr "Aucun fichier sélectionné : --merge précisé mais aucun fichier non fusionné n'est dans la limite des fichiers."
 
-#: gitk:362 gitk:509
+#: gitk:418 gitk:566
 msgid "Error executing git log:"
 msgstr "Erreur à l'exécution de git log :"
 
-#: gitk:380 gitk:525
+#: gitk:436 gitk:582
 msgid "Reading"
 msgstr "Lecture en cours"
 
-#: gitk:440 gitk:4123
+#: gitk:496 gitk:4544
 msgid "Reading commits..."
 msgstr "Lecture des commits..."
 
-#: gitk:443 gitk:1561 gitk:4126
+#: gitk:499 gitk:1637 gitk:4547
 msgid "No commits selected"
 msgstr "Aucun commit sélectionné"
 
-#: gitk:1437
+#: gitk:1445 gitk:4064 gitk:12469
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Ligne de commande"
+
+#: gitk:1511
 msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
 msgstr "Impossible de lire la sortie de git log :"
 
-#: gitk:1657
+#: gitk:1740
 msgid "No commit information available"
 msgstr "Aucune information disponible sur le commit"
 
-#: gitk:1793 gitk:1817 gitk:3916 gitk:8786 gitk:10322 gitk:10498
+#: gitk:1903 gitk:1932 gitk:4334 gitk:9702 gitk:11274 gitk:11554
 msgid "OK"
 msgstr "OK"
 
-#: gitk:1819 gitk:3918 gitk:8383 gitk:8457 gitk:8567 gitk:8616 gitk:8788
-#: gitk:10323 gitk:10499
+#: gitk:1934 gitk:4336 gitk:9215 gitk:9294 gitk:9424 gitk:9473 gitk:9704
+#: gitk:11275 gitk:11555
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Annuler"
 
-#: gitk:1919
-msgid "Update"
+#: gitk:2083
+msgid "&Update"
 msgstr "Mise à jour"
 
-#: gitk:1920
-msgid "Reload"
-msgstr "Recharger"
+#: gitk:2084
+msgid "&Reload"
+msgstr "&Recharger"
 
-#: gitk:1921
-msgid "Reread references"
-msgstr "Relire les références"
+#: gitk:2085
+msgid "Reread re&ferences"
+msgstr "Relire les ré&férences"
 
-#: gitk:1922
-msgid "List references"
-msgstr "Lister les références"
+#: gitk:2086
+msgid "&List references"
+msgstr "&Lister les références"
 
-#: gitk:1924
-msgid "Start git gui"
-msgstr "Démarrer git gui"
+#: gitk:2088
+msgid "Start git &gui"
+msgstr "Démarrer git &gui"
 
-#: gitk:1926
-msgid "Quit"
-msgstr "Quitter"
+#: gitk:2090
+msgid "&Quit"
+msgstr "&Quitter"
 
-#: gitk:1918
-msgid "File"
-msgstr "Fichier"
+#: gitk:2082
+msgid "&File"
+msgstr "&Fichier"
 
-#: gitk:1930
-msgid "Preferences"
+#: gitk:2094
+msgid "&Preferences"
 msgstr "Préférences"
 
-#: gitk:1929
-msgid "Edit"
-msgstr "Éditer"
+#: gitk:2093
+msgid "&Edit"
+msgstr "&Éditer"
 
-#: gitk:1934
-msgid "New view..."
-msgstr "Nouvelle vue..."
+#: gitk:2098
+msgid "&New view..."
+msgstr "&Nouvelle vue..."
 
-#: gitk:1935
-msgid "Edit view..."
-msgstr "Éditer la vue..."
+#: gitk:2099
+msgid "&Edit view..."
+msgstr "&Éditer la vue..."
 
-#: gitk:1936
-msgid "Delete view"
+#: gitk:2100
+msgid "&Delete view"
 msgstr "Supprimer la vue"
 
-#: gitk:1938
-msgid "All files"
+#: gitk:2102
+msgid "&All files"
 msgstr "Tous les fichiers"
 
-#: gitk:1933 gitk:3670
-msgid "View"
-msgstr "Vue"
+#: gitk:2097
+msgid "&View"
+msgstr "&Vue"
 
-#: gitk:1943 gitk:1953 gitk:2654
-msgid "About gitk"
+#: gitk:2107 gitk:2117
+msgid "&About gitk"
 msgstr "À propos de gitk"
 
-#: gitk:1944 gitk:1958
-msgid "Key bindings"
+#: gitk:2108 gitk:2122
+msgid "&Key bindings"
 msgstr "Raccourcis clavier"
 
-#: gitk:1942 gitk:1957
-msgid "Help"
+#: gitk:2106 gitk:2121
+msgid "&Help"
 msgstr "Aide"
 
-#: gitk:2018
-msgid "SHA1 ID: "
-msgstr "ID SHA1 :"
+#: gitk:2199 gitk:8671
+msgid "SHA1 ID:"
+msgstr "Id SHA1 :"
 
-#: gitk:2049
+#: gitk:2243
 msgid "Row"
 msgstr "Colonne"
 
-#: gitk:2080
+#: gitk:2281
 msgid "Find"
 msgstr "Recherche"
 
-#: gitk:2081
-msgid "next"
-msgstr "suivant"
-
-#: gitk:2082
-msgid "prev"
-msgstr "précédent"
-
-#: gitk:2083
+#: gitk:2309
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "commit"
 
-#: gitk:2086 gitk:2088 gitk:4284 gitk:4307 gitk:4331 gitk:6272 gitk:6344
-#: gitk:6428
+#: gitk:2313 gitk:2315 gitk:4706 gitk:4729 gitk:4753 gitk:6774 gitk:6846
+#: gitk:6931
 msgid "containing:"
 msgstr "contient :"
 
-#: gitk:2089 gitk:3162 gitk:3167 gitk:4359
+#: gitk:2316 gitk:3545 gitk:3550 gitk:4782
 msgid "touching paths:"
 msgstr "chemins modifiés :"
 
-#: gitk:2090 gitk:4364
+#: gitk:2317 gitk:4796
 msgid "adding/removing string:"
 msgstr "ajoute/supprime la chaîne :"
 
-#: gitk:2099 gitk:2101
+#: gitk:2318 gitk:4798
+msgid "changing lines matching:"
+msgstr "modifie les lignes vérifiant :"
+
+#: gitk:2327 gitk:2329 gitk:4785
 msgid "Exact"
 msgstr "Exact"
 
-#: gitk:2101 gitk:4439 gitk:6240
+#: gitk:2329 gitk:4873 gitk:6742
 msgid "IgnCase"
 msgstr "Ignorer la casse"
 
-#: gitk:2101 gitk:4333 gitk:4437 gitk:6236
+#: gitk:2329 gitk:4755 gitk:4871 gitk:6738
 msgid "Regexp"
 msgstr "Expression régulière"
 
-#: gitk:2103 gitk:2104 gitk:4458 gitk:4488 gitk:4495 gitk:6364 gitk:6432
+#: gitk:2331 gitk:2332 gitk:4893 gitk:4923 gitk:4930 gitk:6867 gitk:6935
 msgid "All fields"
 msgstr "Tous les champs"
 
-#: gitk:2104 gitk:4456 gitk:4488 gitk:6303
+#: gitk:2332 gitk:4890 gitk:4923 gitk:6805
 msgid "Headline"
-msgstr "Surligner"
+msgstr "Titre"
 
-#: gitk:2105 gitk:4456 gitk:6303 gitk:6432 gitk:6866
+#: gitk:2333 gitk:4890 gitk:6805 gitk:6935 gitk:7408
 msgid "Comments"
 msgstr "Commentaires"
 
-#: gitk:2105 gitk:4456 gitk:4460 gitk:4495 gitk:6303 gitk:6801 gitk:8063
-#: gitk:8078
+#: gitk:2333 gitk:4890 gitk:4895 gitk:4930 gitk:6805 gitk:7343 gitk:8849
+#: gitk:8864
 msgid "Author"
 msgstr "Auteur"
 
-#: gitk:2105 gitk:4456 gitk:6303 gitk:6803
+#: gitk:2333 gitk:4890 gitk:6805 gitk:7345
 msgid "Committer"
-msgstr "Auteur du commit"
+msgstr "Validateur"
 
-#: gitk:2134
+#: gitk:2367
 msgid "Search"
 msgstr "Rechercher"
 
-#: gitk:2141
+#: gitk:2375
 msgid "Diff"
 msgstr "Diff"
 
-#: gitk:2143
+#: gitk:2377
 msgid "Old version"
 msgstr "Ancienne version"
 
-#: gitk:2145
+#: gitk:2379
 msgid "New version"
 msgstr "Nouvelle version"
 
-#: gitk:2147
+#: gitk:2382
 msgid "Lines of context"
 msgstr "Lignes de contexte"
 
-#: gitk:2157
+#: gitk:2392
 msgid "Ignore space change"
 msgstr "Ignorer les modifications d'espace"
 
-#: gitk:2215
+#: gitk:2396 gitk:2398 gitk:7978 gitk:8225
+msgid "Line diff"
+msgstr "différence par ligne"
+
+#: gitk:2463
 msgid "Patch"
 msgstr "Patch"
 
-#: gitk:2217
+#: gitk:2465
 msgid "Tree"
 msgstr "Arbre"
 
-#: gitk:2361 gitk:2378
+#: gitk:2635 gitk:2656
 msgid "Diff this -> selected"
-msgstr "Diff entre ceci et la sélection"
+msgstr "Diff ceci -> la sélection"
 
-#: gitk:2362 gitk:2379
+#: gitk:2636 gitk:2657
 msgid "Diff selected -> this"
-msgstr "Diff entre sélection et ceci"
+msgstr "Diff sélection -> ceci"
 
-#: gitk:2363 gitk:2380
+#: gitk:2637 gitk:2658
 msgid "Make patch"
 msgstr "Créer patch"
 
-#: gitk:2364 gitk:8441
+#: gitk:2638 gitk:9273
 msgid "Create tag"
-msgstr "Créer tag"
+msgstr "Créer étiquette"
+
+#: gitk:2639
+msgid "Copy commit summary"
+msgstr "Copié le résumé du commit"
 
-#: gitk:2365 gitk:8547
+#: gitk:2640 gitk:9404
 msgid "Write commit to file"
 msgstr "Écrire le commit dans un fichier"
 
-#: gitk:2366 gitk:8604
+#: gitk:2641 gitk:9461
 msgid "Create new branch"
 msgstr "Créer une nouvelle branche"
 
-#: gitk:2367
+#: gitk:2642
 msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
 msgstr "Cueillir (cherry-pick) ce commit"
 
-#: gitk:2368
+#: gitk:2643
 msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
 msgstr "Réinitialiser la branche HEAD vers cet état"
 
-#: gitk:2369
+#: gitk:2644
 msgid "Mark this commit"
 msgstr "Marquer ce commit"
 
-#: gitk:2370
+#: gitk:2645
 msgid "Return to mark"
 msgstr "Retourner à la marque"
 
-#: gitk:2371
+#: gitk:2646
 msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
 msgstr "Chercher le descendant de ceci et le marquer"
 
-#: gitk:2372
+#: gitk:2647
 msgid "Compare with marked commit"
 msgstr "Comparer avec le commit marqué"
 
-#: gitk:2386
+#: gitk:2648 gitk:2659
+msgid "Diff this -> marked commit"
+msgstr "Diff ceci -> sélection"
+
+#: gitk:2649 gitk:2660
+msgid "Diff marked commit -> this"
+msgstr "Diff entre sélection -> ceci"
+
+#: gitk:2650
+msgid "Revert this commit"
+msgstr "Défaire ce commit"
+
+#: gitk:2666
 msgid "Check out this branch"
 msgstr "Récupérer cette branche"
 
-#: gitk:2387
+#: gitk:2667
 msgid "Remove this branch"
 msgstr "Supprimer cette branche"
 
-#: gitk:2394
+#: gitk:2668
+msgid "Copy branch name"
+msgstr "Copier la nom de la branche"
+
+#: gitk:2675
 msgid "Highlight this too"
 msgstr "Surligner également ceci"
 
-#: gitk:2395
+#: gitk:2676
 msgid "Highlight this only"
 msgstr "Surligner seulement ceci"
 
-#: gitk:2396
+#: gitk:2677
 msgid "External diff"
 msgstr "Diff externe"
 
-#: gitk:2397
+#: gitk:2678
 msgid "Blame parent commit"
 msgstr "Blâmer le commit parent"
 
-#: gitk:2404
+#: gitk:2679
+msgid "Copy path"
+msgstr "Copier le chemin"
+
+#: gitk:2686
 msgid "Show origin of this line"
 msgstr "Montrer l'origine de cette ligne"
 
-#: gitk:2405
+#: gitk:2687
 msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
 msgstr "Exécuter git gui blame sur cette ligne"
 
-#: gitk:2656
+#: gitk:3031
+msgid "About gitk"
+msgstr "À propos de gitk"
+
+#: gitk:3033
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - visualisateur de commit pour git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
-"Utilisation et redistribution soumises aux termes de la GNU General Public "
-"License"
+"Utilisation et redistribution soumises aux termes de la GNU General Public License"
 
-#: gitk:2664 gitk:2726 gitk:8969
+#: gitk:3041 gitk:3108 gitk:9890
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "Fermer"
 
-#: gitk:2683
+#: gitk:3062
 msgid "Gitk key bindings"
 msgstr "Raccourcis clavier de Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2686
+#: gitk:3065
 msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
 msgstr "Raccourcis clavier de Gitk :"
 
-#: gitk:2688
+#: gitk:3067
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
 msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tQuitter"
 
-#: gitk:2689
+#: gitk:3068
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-W>\t\tClose window"
+msgstr "<%s-W>\t\tFermer la fenêtre"
+
+#: gitk:3069
 msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
 msgstr "<Début>\t\tAller au premier commit"
 
-#: gitk:2690
+#: gitk:3070
 msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
 msgstr "<Fin>\t\tAller au dernier commit"
 
-#: gitk:2691
-msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
-msgstr "<Haut>, p, i\t Aller au commit suivant"
+#: gitk:3071
+msgid "<Up>, p, k\tMove up one commit"
+msgstr "<Haut>, p, k\t Aller au commit précédent"
 
-#: gitk:2692
-msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
-msgstr "<Bas>, n, k\t Aller au commit précédent"
+#: gitk:3072
+msgid "<Down>, n, j\tMove down one commit"
+msgstr "<Bas>, n, j\t Aller au commit suivant"
 
-#: gitk:2693
-msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
-msgstr "<Gauche>, z, j\tReculer dans l'historique"
+#: gitk:3073
+msgid "<Left>, z, h\tGo back in history list"
+msgstr "<Gauche>, z, h\tReculer dans l'historique"
 
-#: gitk:2694
+#: gitk:3074
 msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
 msgstr "<Droite>, x, l\tAvancer dans l'historique"
 
-#: gitk:2695
+#: gitk:3075
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-n>\tGo to n-th parent of current commit in history list"
+msgstr "<%s-n>\tAller sur le n-ième parent du commit dans l'historique"
+
+#: gitk:3076
 msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageUp>\tMonter d'une page dans la liste des commits"
 
-#: gitk:2696
+#: gitk:3077
 msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageDown>\tDescendre d'une page dans la liste des commits"
 
-#: gitk:2697
+#: gitk:3078
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Début>\tAller en haut de la liste des commits"
 
-#: gitk:2698
+#: gitk:3079
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-End>\tAller en bas de la liste des commits"
 
-#: gitk:2699
+#: gitk:3080
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Up>\tMonter d'une ligne dans la liste des commits"
 
-#: gitk:2700
+#: gitk:3081
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Down>\tDescendre d'une ligne dans la liste des commits"
 
-#: gitk:2701
+#: gitk:3082
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tMonter d'une page dans la liste des commits"
 
-#: gitk:2702
+#: gitk:3083
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tDescendre d'une page dans la liste des commits"
 
-#: gitk:2703
+#: gitk:3084
 msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
 msgstr ""
 "<Shift-Up>\tRecherche en arrière (vers l'avant, commits les plus anciens)"
 
-#: gitk:2704
+#: gitk:3085
 msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
 msgstr ""
 "<Shift-Down>\tRecherche en avant (vers l'arrière, commit les plus récents)"
 
-#: gitk:2705
+#: gitk:3086
 msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Supprimer>, b\tMonter d'une page dans la vue des diff"
 
-#: gitk:2706
+#: gitk:3087
 msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Backspace>\tMonter d'une page dans la vue des diff"
 
-#: gitk:2707
+#: gitk:3088
 msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
 msgstr "<Espace>\t\tDescendre d'une page dans la vue des diff"
 
-#: gitk:2708
+#: gitk:3089
 msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
 msgstr "u\t\tMonter de 18 lignes dans la vue des diff"
 
-#: gitk:2709
+#: gitk:3090
 msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
 msgstr "d\t\tDescendre de 18 lignes dans la vue des diff"
 
-#: gitk:2710
+#: gitk:3091
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
 msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tRechercher"
 
-#: gitk:2711
+#: gitk:3092
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tAller au résultat de recherche suivant"
 
-#: gitk:2712
+#: gitk:3093
 msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<Return>\t\tAller au résultat de recherche suivant"
 
-#: gitk:2713
+#: gitk:3094
+msgid "g\t\tGo to commit"
+msgstr "g\t\tAller au commit"
+
+#: gitk:3095
 msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
 msgstr "/\t\tFocus sur la zone de recherche"
 
-#: gitk:2714
+#: gitk:3096
 msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
 msgstr "?\t\tAller au résultat de recherche précédent"
 
-#: gitk:2715
+#: gitk:3097
 msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
 msgstr "f\t\tAller au prochain fichier dans la vue des diff"
 
-#: gitk:2716
+#: gitk:3098
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tAller au résultat suivant dans la vue des diff"
 
-#: gitk:2717
+#: gitk:3099
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tAller au résultat précédent dans la vue des diff"
 
-#: gitk:2718
+#: gitk:3100
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-KP+>\tAugmenter la taille de la police"
 
-#: gitk:2719
+#: gitk:3101
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-plus>\tAugmenter la taille de la police"
 
-#: gitk:2720
+#: gitk:3102
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-KP->\tDiminuer la taille de la police"
 
-#: gitk:2721
+#: gitk:3103
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-minus>\tDiminuer la taille de la police"
 
-#: gitk:2722
+#: gitk:3104
 msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
 msgstr "<F5>\t\tMise à jour"
 
-#: gitk:3177
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
-msgstr "Erreur en obtenant \"%s\" de %s:"
-
-#: gitk:3234 gitk:3243
+#: gitk:3569 gitk:3578
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
 msgstr "Erreur lors de la création du répertoire temporaire %s :"
 
-#: gitk:3255
+#: gitk:3591
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
+msgstr "Erreur en obtenant \"%s\" de %s:"
+
+#: gitk:3654
 msgid "command failed:"
 msgstr "échec de la commande :"
 
-#: gitk:3401
+#: gitk:3803
 msgid "No such commit"
 msgstr "Commit inexistant"
 
-#: gitk:3415
+#: gitk:3817
 msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
 msgstr "git gui blame : échec de la commande :"
 
-#: gitk:3446
+#: gitk:3848
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
 msgstr "Impossible de lire le head de la fusion : %s"
 
-#: gitk:3454
+#: gitk:3856
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error reading index: %s"
 msgstr "Erreur à la lecture de l'index : %s"
 
-#: gitk:3479
+#: gitk:3881
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Impossible de démarrer git blame : %s"
 
-#: gitk:3482 gitk:6271
+#: gitk:3884 gitk:6773
 msgid "Searching"
 msgstr "Recherche en cours"
 
-#: gitk:3514
+#: gitk:3916
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Erreur à l'exécution de git blame : %s"
 
-#: gitk:3542
+#: gitk:3944
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
 msgstr "Cette ligne est issue du commit %s, qui n'est pas dans cette vue"
 
-#: gitk:3556
+#: gitk:3958
 msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
-msgstr "Échec de l'outil externe de visualisation des diff"
+msgstr "Échec de l'outil externe de visualisation des diff :"
+
+#: gitk:4062
+msgid "All files"
+msgstr "Tous les fichiers"
+
+#: gitk:4086
+msgid "View"
+msgstr "Vue"
 
-#: gitk:3674
+#: gitk:4089
 msgid "Gitk view definition"
 msgstr "Définition des vues de Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:3678
+#: gitk:4093
 msgid "Remember this view"
 msgstr "Se souvenir de cette vue"
 
-#: gitk:3679
+#: gitk:4094
 msgid "References (space separated list):"
 msgstr "Références (liste d'éléments séparés par des espaces) :"
 
-#: gitk:3680
+#: gitk:4095
 msgid "Branches & tags:"
-msgstr "Branches & tags :"
+msgstr "Branches & étiquettes :"
 
-#: gitk:3681
+#: gitk:4096
 msgid "All refs"
 msgstr "Toutes les références"
 
-#: gitk:3682
+#: gitk:4097
 msgid "All (local) branches"
 msgstr "Toutes les branches (locales)"
 
-#: gitk:3683
+#: gitk:4098
 msgid "All tags"
-msgstr "Tous les tags"
+msgstr "Toutes les étiquettes"
 
-#: gitk:3684
+#: gitk:4099
 msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "Toutes les branches de suivi à distance"
 
-#: gitk:3685
+#: gitk:4100
 msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
 msgstr "Info sur les commits (expressions régulières) :"
 
-#: gitk:3686
+#: gitk:4101
 msgid "Author:"
 msgstr "Auteur :"
 
-#: gitk:3687
+#: gitk:4102
 msgid "Committer:"
-msgstr "Commiteur :"
+msgstr "Validateur :"
 
-#: gitk:3688
+#: gitk:4103
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Message de commit :"
 
-#: gitk:3689
+#: gitk:4104
 msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
 msgstr "Correspond à tous les critères d'Info sur les commits"
 
-#: gitk:3690
+#: gitk:4105
+msgid "Matches no Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "Ne correspond à aucun des critères d'Info sur les commits"
+
+#: gitk:4106
 msgid "Changes to Files:"
 msgstr "Changements des fichiers :"
 
-#: gitk:3691
+#: gitk:4107
 msgid "Fixed String"
 msgstr "Chaîne Figée"
 
-#: gitk:3692
+#: gitk:4108
 msgid "Regular Expression"
 msgstr "Expression Régulière"
 
-#: gitk:3693
+#: gitk:4109
 msgid "Search string:"
 msgstr "Recherche de la chaîne :"
 
-#: gitk:3694
+#: gitk:4110
 msgid ""
 "Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
@@ -646,207 +709,201 @@ msgstr ""
 "Dates des commits (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, "
 "2009 15:27:38\") :"
 
-#: gitk:3695
+#: gitk:4111
 msgid "Since:"
-msgstr "De :"
+msgstr "Depuis :"
 
-#: gitk:3696
+#: gitk:4112
 msgid "Until:"
 msgstr "Jusqu'au :"
 
-#: gitk:3697
+#: gitk:4113
 msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
 msgstr "Limiter et/ou sauter un certain nombre (entier positif) de révisions :"
 
-#: gitk:3698
+#: gitk:4114
 msgid "Number to show:"
 msgstr "Nombre à afficher :"
 
-#: gitk:3699
+#: gitk:4115
 msgid "Number to skip:"
 msgstr "Nombre à sauter :"
 
-#: gitk:3700
+#: gitk:4116
 msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
 msgstr "Options diverses :"
 
-#: gitk:3701
+#: gitk:4117
 msgid "Strictly sort by date"
 msgstr "Trier par date"
 
-# FIXME : traduction de "branch sides"
-#: gitk:3702
-#, fuzzy
+#: gitk:4118
 msgid "Mark branch sides"
-msgstr "Marquer les extrémités des branches"
+msgstr "Indiquer les côtés des branches"
 
-#: gitk:3703
+#: gitk:4119
 msgid "Limit to first parent"
 msgstr "Limiter au premier ancêtre"
 
-#: gitk:3704
+#: gitk:4120
 msgid "Simple history"
 msgstr "Historique simple"
 
-#: gitk:3705
+#: gitk:4121
 msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
 msgstr "Arguments supplémentaires de git log :"
 
-#: gitk:3706
+#: gitk:4122
 msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
 msgstr "Saisir les fichiers et répertoires à inclure, un par ligne :"
 
-#: gitk:3707
+#: gitk:4123
 msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
 msgstr "Commande pour générer plus de commits à inclure :"
 
-#: gitk:3829
+#: gitk:4247
 msgid "Gitk: edit view"
 msgstr "Gitk : éditer la vue"
 
-#: gitk:3837
+#: gitk:4255
 msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
 msgstr "-- critère pour la sélection des révisions"
 
-#: gitk:3842
-msgid "View Name:"
-msgstr "Nom de la vue :"
+#: gitk:4260
+msgid "View Name"
+msgstr "Nom de la vue"
 
-#: gitk:3917
+#: gitk:4335
 msgid "Apply (F5)"
 msgstr "Appliquer (F5)"
 
-#: gitk:3955
+#: gitk:4373
 msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
 msgstr "Erreur dans les arguments de sélection des commits :"
 
-#: gitk:4008 gitk:4060 gitk:4508 gitk:4522 gitk:5783 gitk:11196 gitk:11197
+#: gitk:4428 gitk:4481 gitk:4943 gitk:4957 gitk:6227 gitk:12410 gitk:12411
 msgid "None"
 msgstr "Aucun"
 
-#: gitk:4456 gitk:6303 gitk:8065 gitk:8080
-msgid "Date"
-msgstr "Date"
-
-#: gitk:4456 gitk:6303
-msgid "CDate"
-msgstr "CDate"
-
-#: gitk:4605 gitk:4610
+#: gitk:5040 gitk:5045
 msgid "Descendant"
 msgstr "Descendant"
 
-#: gitk:4606
+#: gitk:5041
 msgid "Not descendant"
 msgstr "Pas un descendant"
 
-#: gitk:4613 gitk:4618
+#: gitk:5048 gitk:5053
 msgid "Ancestor"
 msgstr "Ancêtre"
 
-#: gitk:4614
+#: gitk:5049
 msgid "Not ancestor"
 msgstr "Pas un ancêtre"
 
-#: gitk:4904
+#: gitk:5343
 msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
-msgstr "Modifications locales enregistrées dans l'index mais non commitées"
+msgstr "Modifications locales enregistrées dans l'index mais non validées"
 
-#: gitk:4940
+#: gitk:5379
 msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
-msgstr "Modifications locales non enregistrées dans l'index et non commitées"
+msgstr "Modifications locales non enregistrées dans l'index et non validées"
+
+#: gitk:7153
+msgid "and many more"
+msgstr "et beaucoup plus"
 
-#: gitk:6621
+#: gitk:7156
 msgid "many"
 msgstr "nombreux"
 
-#: gitk:6805
+#: gitk:7347
 msgid "Tags:"
-msgstr "Tags :"
+msgstr "Étiquettes :"
 
-#: gitk:6822 gitk:6828 gitk:8058
+#: gitk:7364 gitk:7370 gitk:8844
 msgid "Parent"
 msgstr "Parent"
 
-#: gitk:6833
+#: gitk:7375
 msgid "Child"
 msgstr "Enfant"
 
-#: gitk:6842
+#: gitk:7384
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "Branche"
 
-#: gitk:6845
+#: gitk:7387
 msgid "Follows"
 msgstr "Suit"
 
-#: gitk:6848
+#: gitk:7390
 msgid "Precedes"
 msgstr "Précède"
 
-#: gitk:7346
+#: gitk:7985
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
 msgstr "Erreur lors de la récupération des diff : %s"
 
-#: gitk:7886
+#: gitk:8669
 msgid "Goto:"
 msgstr "Aller à :"
 
-#: gitk:7888
-msgid "SHA1 ID:"
-msgstr "Id SHA1 :"
-
-#: gitk:7907
+#: gitk:8690
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
-msgstr "Id SHA1 court %s est ambigu"
+msgstr "L'id SHA1 court %s est ambigu"
 
-#: gitk:7914
+#: gitk:8697
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not known"
-msgstr "Id SHA1 %s est inconnu"
+msgstr "La révision %s est inconnu"
 
-#: gitk:7924
+#: gitk:8707
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
-msgstr "Id SHA1 %s est inconnu"
+msgstr "L'id SHA1 %s est inconnu"
 
-#: gitk:7926
+#: gitk:8709
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
 msgstr "La révision %s n'est pas dans la vue courante"
 
-#: gitk:8068
+#: gitk:8851 gitk:8866
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Date"
+
+#: gitk:8854
 msgid "Children"
 msgstr "Enfants"
 
-#: gitk:8125
+#: gitk:8917
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
 msgstr "Réinitialiser la branche %s vers cet état"
 
-#: gitk:8127
+#: gitk:8919
 msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
 msgstr "Head détaché : impossible de réinitialiser"
 
-#: gitk:8236 gitk:8242
+#: gitk:9024 gitk:9030
 msgid "Skipping merge commit "
 msgstr "Éviter le commit de la fusion "
 
-#: gitk:8251 gitk:8256
+#: gitk:9039 gitk:9044
 msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
 msgstr "Erreur à l'obtention de l'ID du patch pour "
 
-#: gitk:8252 gitk:8257
+#: gitk:9040 gitk:9045
 msgid " - stopping\n"
 msgstr " - arrêt en cours\n"
 
-#: gitk:8262 gitk:8265 gitk:8273 gitk:8283 gitk:8292
+#: gitk:9050 gitk:9053 gitk:9061 gitk:9075 gitk:9084
 msgid "Commit "
 msgstr "Commit "
 
-#: gitk:8266
+#: gitk:9054
 msgid ""
 " is the same patch as\n"
 "       "
@@ -854,7 +911,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "est le même patch que \n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8274
+#: gitk:9062
 msgid ""
 " differs from\n"
 "       "
@@ -862,186 +919,226 @@ msgstr ""
 " diffère de\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8276
-msgid "- stopping\n"
-msgstr "- arrêt en cours\n"
+#: gitk:9064
+msgid ""
+"Diff of commits:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr "Diff des commits :\n\n"
 
-#: gitk:8284 gitk:8293
+#: gitk:9076 gitk:9085
 #, tcl-format
 msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
-msgstr "a %s enfants - arrêt en cours\n"
+msgstr " a %s enfants - arrêt en cours\n"
 
-#: gitk:8324
+#: gitk:9104
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
+msgstr "Erreur à l'écriture du commit dans le fichier : %s"
+
+#: gitk:9110
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
+msgstr "Erreur à la différence des commits : %s"
+
+#: gitk:9156
 msgid "Top"
 msgstr "Haut"
 
-#: gitk:8325
+#: gitk:9157
 msgid "From"
 msgstr "De"
 
-#: gitk:8330
+#: gitk:9162
 msgid "To"
 msgstr "À"
 
-#: gitk:8354
+#: gitk:9186
 msgid "Generate patch"
 msgstr "Générer le patch"
 
-#: gitk:8356
+#: gitk:9188
 msgid "From:"
 msgstr "De :"
 
-#: gitk:8365
+#: gitk:9197
 msgid "To:"
 msgstr "À :"
 
-#: gitk:8374
+#: gitk:9206
 msgid "Reverse"
 msgstr "Inverser"
 
-#: gitk:8376 gitk:8561
+#: gitk:9208 gitk:9418
 msgid "Output file:"
 msgstr "Fichier de sortie :"
 
-#: gitk:8382
+#: gitk:9214
 msgid "Generate"
 msgstr "Générer"
 
-#: gitk:8420
+#: gitk:9252
 msgid "Error creating patch:"
 msgstr "Erreur à la création du patch :"
 
-#: gitk:8443 gitk:8549 gitk:8606
+#: gitk:9275 gitk:9406 gitk:9463
 msgid "ID:"
 msgstr "ID :"
 
-#: gitk:8452
+#: gitk:9284
 msgid "Tag name:"
-msgstr "Nom du Tag :"
+msgstr "Nom de l'étiquette :"
+
+#: gitk:9287
+msgid "Tag message is optional"
+msgstr "Le message d'étiquette est optionnel"
 
-#: gitk:8456 gitk:8615
+#: gitk:9289
+msgid "Tag message:"
+msgstr "Message d'étiquette :"
+
+#: gitk:9293 gitk:9472
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "Créer"
 
-#: gitk:8473
+#: gitk:9311
 msgid "No tag name specified"
-msgstr "Aucun nom de tag spécifié"
+msgstr "Aucun nom d'étiquette spécifié"
 
-#: gitk:8477
+#: gitk:9315
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
-msgstr "Le tag \"%s\" existe déjà"
+msgstr "L'étiquette \"%s\" existe déjà"
 
-#: gitk:8483
+#: gitk:9325
 msgid "Error creating tag:"
-msgstr "Erreur à la création du tag :"
+msgstr "Erreur à la création de l'étiquette :"
 
-#: gitk:8558
+#: gitk:9415
 msgid "Command:"
 msgstr "Commande :"
 
-#: gitk:8566
+#: gitk:9423
 msgid "Write"
 msgstr "Écrire"
 
-#: gitk:8584
+#: gitk:9441
 msgid "Error writing commit:"
 msgstr "Erreur à l'ecriture du commit :"
 
-#: gitk:8611
+#: gitk:9468
 msgid "Name:"
 msgstr "Nom :"
 
-#: gitk:8634
+#: gitk:9491
 msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
 msgstr "Veuillez spécifier un nom pour la nouvelle branche"
 
-#: gitk:8639
+#: gitk:9496
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
 msgstr "La branche '%s' existe déjà. Écraser?"
 
-#: gitk:8705
+#: gitk:9563
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
 msgstr ""
 "Le Commit %s est déjà inclus dans la branche %s -- le ré-appliquer malgré "
 "tout?"
 
-#: gitk:8710
+#: gitk:9568
 msgid "Cherry-picking"
-msgstr "Cueillir (Cherry-picking)"
+msgstr "Picorer (Cherry-picking)"
 
-#: gitk:8719
+#: gitk:9577
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
 "Please commit, reset or stash your changes and try again."
 msgstr ""
-"La cueillette (cherry-pick) a échouée à cause de modifications locales du "
-"fichier '%s'.\n"
-"Veuillez commiter, réinitialiser ou stasher vos changements et essayer de "
-"nouveau."
+"Le picorage (cherry-pick) a échouée à cause de modifications locales du fichier '%s'.\n"
+"Veuillez commiter, réinitialiser ou stasher vos changements et essayer de nouveau."
 
-#: gitk:8725
+#: gitk:9583
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
 "Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
 msgstr ""
-"La cueillette (cherry-pick) a échouée à cause d'un conflit lors d'une "
-"fusion.\n"
+"Le picorage (cherry-pick) a échouée à cause d'un conflit lors d'une fusion.\n"
 "Souhaitez-vous exécuter git citool pour le résoudre ?"
 
-#: gitk:8741
+#: gitk:9599 gitk:9657
 msgid "No changes committed"
-msgstr "Aucun changement commité"
+msgstr "Aucune modification validée"
+
+#: gitk:9626
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is not included in branch %s -- really revert it?"
+msgstr "Le Commit %s n'est pas inclus dans la branche %s -- le défaire malgré tout?"
+
+#: gitk:9631
+msgid "Reverting"
+msgstr "Commit défait"
+
+#: gitk:9639
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of local changes to the following files:%s Please "
+"commit, reset or stash  your changes and try again."
+msgstr "Échec en tentant de défaire le commit à cause de modifications locales des fichiers : %s. Veuillez valider, réinitialiser ou remiser vos modifications et essayer de nouveau."
 
-#: gitk:8767
+#: gitk:9643
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+" Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"Échec en tentant de défaire à cause d'un conflit de fusion.\n"
+"Souhaitez-vous exécuter git citool pour le résoudre ?"
+
+#: gitk:9686
 msgid "Confirm reset"
 msgstr "Confirmer la réinitialisation"
 
-#: gitk:8769
+#: gitk:9688
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
 msgstr "Réinitialiser la branche %s à %s?"
 
-#: gitk:8773
+#: gitk:9690
 msgid "Reset type:"
 msgstr "Type de réinitialisation :"
 
-#: gitk:8777
+#: gitk:9693
 msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
 msgstr "Douce : Laisse le répertoire de travail et l'index intacts"
 
-#: gitk:8780
+#: gitk:9696
 msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
 msgstr ""
 "Hybride : Laisse le répertoire de travail dans son état courant, "
 "réinitialise l'index"
 
-#: gitk:8783
+#: gitk:9699
 msgid ""
 "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
 "(discard ALL local changes)"
 msgstr ""
 "Dure : Réinitialise le répertoire de travail et l'index\n"
-"(abandonne TOUS les changements locaux)"
+"(abandonne TOUTES les modifications locale)"
 
-#: gitk:8800
+#: gitk:9716
 msgid "Resetting"
 msgstr "Réinitialisation"
 
 # Fixme: Récupération est-il vraiment une mauvaise traduction?
-#: gitk:8857
-#, fuzzy
+#: gitk:9776
 msgid "Checking out"
-msgstr "Récupération"
+msgstr "Extraction"
 
-#: gitk:8910
+#: gitk:9829
 msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
-msgstr "Impossible de supprimer la branche en cours"
+msgstr "Impossible de supprimer la branche extraite"
 
-#: gitk:8916
+#: gitk:9835
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
@@ -1050,16 +1147,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "Les commits de la branche %s ne sont dans aucune autre branche.\n"
 "Voulez-vous vraiment supprimer cette branche %s ?"
 
-#: gitk:8947
+#: gitk:9866
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
-msgstr "Tags et heads : %s"
+msgstr "Étiquettes et heads : %s"
 
-#: gitk:8962
+#: gitk:9883
 msgid "Filter"
 msgstr "Filtrer"
 
-#: gitk:9257
+#: gitk:10179
 msgid ""
 "Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
 "tag information will be incomplete."
@@ -1068,162 +1165,202 @@ msgstr ""
 "informations sur les branches et les tags précédents/suivants seront "
 "incomplètes."
 
-#: gitk:10243
+#: gitk:11156
 msgid "Tag"
-msgstr "Tag"
+msgstr "Étiquette"
 
-#: gitk:10243
+#: gitk:11160
 msgid "Id"
 msgstr "Id"
 
-#: gitk:10291
+#: gitk:11243
 msgid "Gitk font chooser"
 msgstr "Sélecteur de police de Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:10308
+#: gitk:11260
 msgid "B"
 msgstr "B"
 
-#: gitk:10311
+#: gitk:11263
 msgid "I"
 msgstr "I"
 
-#: gitk:10407
-msgid "Gitk preferences"
-msgstr "Préférences de Gitk"
-
-#: gitk:10409
+#: gitk:11381
 msgid "Commit list display options"
 msgstr "Options d'affichage de la liste des commits"
 
-#: gitk:10412
+#: gitk:11384
 msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
 msgstr "Longueur maximum du graphe (lignes)"
 
 # FIXME : Traduction standard de "pane"?
-#: gitk:10416
-#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+#: gitk:11388
+#, no-tcl-format
 msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
-msgstr "Longueur maximum du graphe (% du panneau)"
+msgstr "Largeur maximum du graphe (% du panneau)"
 
-#: gitk:10420
+#: gitk:11391
 msgid "Show local changes"
-msgstr "Montrer les changements locaux"
+msgstr "Montrer les modifications locales"
 
-#: gitk:10423
-msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
-msgstr "Sélection auto. du SHA1"
+#: gitk:11394
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"
+msgstr "Sélection auto. du SHA1 (longueur)"
 
-#: gitk:10427
+#: gitk:11398
+msgid "Hide remote refs"
+msgstr "Cacher les refs distantes"
+
+#: gitk:11402
 msgid "Diff display options"
 msgstr "Options d'affichage des diff"
 
-#: gitk:10429
+#: gitk:11404
 msgid "Tab spacing"
 msgstr "Taille des tabulations"
 
-#: gitk:10432
-msgid "Display nearby tags"
+#: gitk:11407
+msgid "Display nearby tags/heads"
 msgstr "Afficher les tags les plus proches"
 
-#: gitk:10435
-msgid "Hide remote refs"
-msgstr "Cacher les refs distantes"
+#: gitk:11410
+msgid "Maximum # tags/heads to show"
+msgstr "Nombre maximum d'étiquettes/heads à afficher"
 
-#: gitk:10438
+#: gitk:11413
 msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
 msgstr "Limiter les différences aux chemins listés"
 
-#: gitk:10441
+#: gitk:11416
 msgid "Support per-file encodings"
 msgstr "Support pour un encodage des caractères par fichier"
 
-#: gitk:10447 gitk:10512
+#: gitk:11422 gitk:11569
 msgid "External diff tool"
 msgstr "Outil diff externe"
 
-#: gitk:10449
+#: gitk:11423
 msgid "Choose..."
 msgstr "Choisir..."
 
-#: gitk:10454
+#: gitk:11428
+msgid "General options"
+msgstr "Options générales"
+
+#: gitk:11431
+msgid "Use themed widgets"
+msgstr "Utiliser des widgets en thème"
+
+#: gitk:11433
+msgid "(change requires restart)"
+msgstr "(la modification nécessite un redémarrage)"
+
+#: gitk:11435
+msgid "(currently unavailable)"
+msgstr "(non disponible actuellement)"
+
+#: gitk:11446
 msgid "Colors: press to choose"
 msgstr "Couleurs : cliquer pour choisir"
 
-#: gitk:10457
+#: gitk:11449
+msgid "Interface"
+msgstr "Interface"
+
+#: gitk:11450
+msgid "interface"
+msgstr "interface"
+
+#: gitk:11453
 msgid "Background"
 msgstr "Arrière-plan"
 
-#: gitk:10458 gitk:10488
+#: gitk:11454 gitk:11484
 msgid "background"
 msgstr "arrière-plan"
 
-#: gitk:10461
+#: gitk:11457
 msgid "Foreground"
 msgstr "Premier plan"
 
-#: gitk:10462
+#: gitk:11458
 msgid "foreground"
 msgstr "premier plan"
 
-#: gitk:10465
+#: gitk:11461
 msgid "Diff: old lines"
 msgstr "Diff : anciennes lignes"
 
-#: gitk:10466
+#: gitk:11462
 msgid "diff old lines"
 msgstr "diff anciennes lignes"
 
-#: gitk:10470
+#: gitk:11466
 msgid "Diff: new lines"
 msgstr "Diff : nouvelles lignes"
 
-#: gitk:10471
+#: gitk:11467
 msgid "diff new lines"
 msgstr "diff nouvelles lignes"
 
-#: gitk:10475
+#: gitk:11471
 msgid "Diff: hunk header"
 msgstr "Diff : entête du hunk"
 
-#: gitk:10477
+#: gitk:11473
 msgid "diff hunk header"
 msgstr "diff : entête du hunk"
 
-#: gitk:10481
+#: gitk:11477
 msgid "Marked line bg"
-msgstr "Arrière-plan de la ligne marquée"
+msgstr "Fond de la ligne marquée"
 
-#: gitk:10483
+#: gitk:11479
 msgid "marked line background"
-msgstr "Arrière-plan de la ligne marquée"
+msgstr "Fond de la ligne marquée"
 
-#: gitk:10487
+#: gitk:11483
 msgid "Select bg"
-msgstr "Sélectionner l'arrière-plan"
+msgstr "Sélectionner le fond"
 
-#: gitk:10491
+#: gitk:11492
 msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
 msgstr "Polices : cliquer pour choisir"
 
-#: gitk:10493
+#: gitk:11494
 msgid "Main font"
 msgstr "Police principale"
 
-#: gitk:10494
+#: gitk:11495
 msgid "Diff display font"
 msgstr "Police d'affichage des diff"
 
-#: gitk:10495
+#: gitk:11496
 msgid "User interface font"
 msgstr "Police de l'interface utilisateur"
 
-#: gitk:10522
+#: gitk:11518
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "Préférences de Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:11527
+msgid "General"
+msgstr "Général"
+
+#: gitk:11528
+msgid "Colors"
+msgstr "Couleurs"
+
+#: gitk:11529
+msgid "Fonts"
+msgstr "Polices"
+
+#: gitk:11579
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
 msgstr "Gitk : choisir la couleur de %s"
 
-#: gitk:10973
+#: gitk:12092
 msgid ""
 "Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
 " Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
@@ -1231,24 +1368,33 @@ msgstr ""
 "Désolé, gitk ne peut être exécuté avec cette version de Tcl/Tk.\n"
 " Gitk requiert Tcl/Tk version 8.4 ou supérieur."
 
-#: gitk:11101
+#: gitk:12302
 msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
 msgstr "Impossible de trouver un dépôt git ici."
 
-#: gitk:11105
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
-msgstr "Impossible de trouver le répertoire git \"%s\"."
-
-#: gitk:11152
+#: gitk:12349
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
 msgstr "Argument '%s' ambigu : à la fois une révision et un nom de fichier"
 
-#: gitk:11164
+#: gitk:12361
 msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
 msgstr "Arguments invalides pour gitk :"
 
-#: gitk:11249
-msgid "Command line"
-msgstr "Ligne de commande"
+#~ msgid "SHA1 ID: "
+#~ msgstr "ID SHA1 :"
+
+#~ msgid "next"
+#~ msgstr "suivant"
+
+#~ msgid "prev"
+#~ msgstr "précédent"
+
+#~ msgid "CDate"
+#~ msgstr "CDate"
+
+#~ msgid "- stopping\n"
+#~ msgstr "- arrêt en cours\n"
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
+#~ msgstr "Impossible de trouver le répertoire git \"%s\"."
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/hu.po b/gitk-git/po/hu.po
index 7262b610dc..79ec5a5656 100644
--- a/gitk-git/po/hu.po
+++ b/gitk-git/po/hu.po
@@ -8,32 +8,41 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2009-12-14 13:33+0100\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-05-17 14:32+1000\n"
 "PO-Revision-Date: 2009-12-14 14:04+0100\n"
 "Last-Translator: Laszlo Papp <djszapi@archlinux.us>\n"
 "Language-Team: Hungarian\n"
+"Language: \n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 
-#: gitk:115
+#: gitk:140
 msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
 msgstr "Nem sikerült letölteni az unmerged fájl listát:"
 
-#: gitk:271
+#: gitk:212 gitk:2381
+msgid "Color words"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:217 gitk:2381 gitk:8220 gitk:8253
+msgid "Markup words"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:324
 msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
 msgstr "Hiba történt értelmezés közben:"
 
-#: gitk:326
+#: gitk:380
 msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
 msgstr "Hiba történt a végrehajtáskor --argscmd parancs:"
 
-#: gitk:339
+#: gitk:393
 msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
 msgstr ""
 "Nincsen fájl kiválasztva: --merge megadve, de egyetlen fájl sem unmerged."
 
-#: gitk:342
+#: gitk:396
 msgid ""
 "No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
 "limit."
@@ -41,601 +50,648 @@ msgstr ""
 "Nincsen fájl kiválasztva: --merge megadva, de nincsenek unmerged fájlok a "
 "fájlon belül limit."
 
-#: gitk:364 gitk:511
+#: gitk:418 gitk:566
 msgid "Error executing git log:"
 msgstr "Hiba történt a git log végrehajtása közben:"
 
-#: gitk:382 gitk:527
+#: gitk:436 gitk:582
 msgid "Reading"
 msgstr "Olvasás"
 
-#: gitk:442 gitk:4258
+#: gitk:496 gitk:4525
 msgid "Reading commits..."
 msgstr "Commitok olvasása ..."
 
-#: gitk:445 gitk:1575 gitk:4261
+#: gitk:499 gitk:1637 gitk:4528
 msgid "No commits selected"
 msgstr "Nincsen commit kiválasztva"
 
-#: gitk:1451
+#: gitk:1445 gitk:4045 gitk:12432
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Parancs sor"
+
+#: gitk:1511
 msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
 msgstr "Nem lehet értelmezni a git log kimenetét:"
 
-#: gitk:1671
+#: gitk:1740
 msgid "No commit information available"
 msgstr "Nincsen elérhető commit információ"
 
-#: gitk:1813
-msgid "mc"
-msgstr "mc"
-
-#: gitk:1848 gitk:4051 gitk:9029 gitk:10570 gitk:10789
+#: gitk:1903 gitk:1932 gitk:4315 gitk:9669 gitk:11241 gitk:11521
 msgid "OK"
 msgstr "OK"
 
-#: gitk:1850 gitk:4053 gitk:8629 gitk:8703 gitk:8813 gitk:8862 gitk:9031
-#: gitk:10571 gitk:10790
+#: gitk:1934 gitk:4317 gitk:9196 gitk:9275 gitk:9391 gitk:9440 gitk:9671
+#: gitk:11242 gitk:11522
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Visszavonás"
 
-#: gitk:1972
-msgid "Update"
+#: gitk:2069
+msgid "&Update"
 msgstr "Frissités"
 
-#: gitk:1973
-msgid "Reload"
+#: gitk:2070
+msgid "&Reload"
 msgstr "Újratöltés"
 
-#: gitk:1974
-msgid "Reread references"
+#: gitk:2071
+msgid "Reread re&ferences"
 msgstr "Referenciák újraolvasása"
 
-#: gitk:1975
-msgid "List references"
+#: gitk:2072
+msgid "&List references"
 msgstr "Referenciák listázása"
 
-#: gitk:1977
-msgid "Start git gui"
+#: gitk:2074
+msgid "Start git &gui"
 msgstr "Git gui indítása"
 
-#: gitk:1979
-msgid "Quit"
+#: gitk:2076
+msgid "&Quit"
 msgstr "Kilépés"
 
-#: gitk:1971
-msgid "File"
+#: gitk:2068
+msgid "&File"
 msgstr "Fájl"
 
-#: gitk:1983
-msgid "Preferences"
+#: gitk:2080
+msgid "&Preferences"
 msgstr "Beállítások"
 
-#: gitk:1982
-msgid "Edit"
+#: gitk:2079
+msgid "&Edit"
 msgstr "Szerkesztés"
 
-#: gitk:1987
-msgid "New view..."
+#: gitk:2084
+msgid "&New view..."
 msgstr "Új nézet ..."
 
-#: gitk:1988
-msgid "Edit view..."
+#: gitk:2085
+msgid "&Edit view..."
 msgstr "Nézet szerkesztése ..."
 
-#: gitk:1989
-msgid "Delete view"
+#: gitk:2086
+msgid "&Delete view"
 msgstr "Nézet törlése"
 
-#: gitk:1991
-msgid "All files"
+#: gitk:2088 gitk:4043
+msgid "&All files"
 msgstr "Minden fájl"
 
-#: gitk:1986 gitk:3805
-msgid "View"
+#: gitk:2083 gitk:4067
+msgid "&View"
 msgstr "Nézet"
 
-#: gitk:1996 gitk:2006 gitk:2777
-msgid "About gitk"
+#: gitk:2093 gitk:2103 gitk:3012
+msgid "&About gitk"
 msgstr "Gitk névjegy"
 
-#: gitk:1997 gitk:2011
-msgid "Key bindings"
+#: gitk:2094 gitk:2108
+msgid "&Key bindings"
 msgstr "Billentyűkombináció"
 
-#: gitk:1995 gitk:2010
-msgid "Help"
+#: gitk:2092 gitk:2107
+msgid "&Help"
 msgstr "Segítség"
 
-#: gitk:2088
-msgid "SHA1 ID: "
-msgstr "SHA1 ID: "
+#: gitk:2185 gitk:8652
+msgid "SHA1 ID:"
+msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
 
-#: gitk:2119
+#: gitk:2229
 msgid "Row"
 msgstr "Sor"
 
-#: gitk:2157
+#: gitk:2267
 msgid "Find"
 msgstr "Keresés"
 
-#: gitk:2158
-msgid "next"
-msgstr "következő"
-
-#: gitk:2159
-msgid "prev"
-msgstr "előző"
-
-#: gitk:2160
+#: gitk:2295
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "commit"
 
-#: gitk:2163 gitk:2165 gitk:4419 gitk:4442 gitk:4466 gitk:6407 gitk:6479
-#: gitk:6563
+#: gitk:2299 gitk:2301 gitk:4687 gitk:4710 gitk:4734 gitk:6755 gitk:6827
+#: gitk:6912
 msgid "containing:"
 msgstr "tartalmazás:"
 
-#: gitk:2166 gitk:3287 gitk:3292 gitk:4494
+#: gitk:2302 gitk:3526 gitk:3531 gitk:4763
 msgid "touching paths:"
 msgstr "érintendő útvonalak:"
 
-#: gitk:2167 gitk:4499
+#: gitk:2303 gitk:4777
 msgid "adding/removing string:"
 msgstr "string hozzáadása/törlése:"
 
-#: gitk:2176 gitk:2178
+#: gitk:2304 gitk:4779
+msgid "changing lines matching:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2313 gitk:2315 gitk:4766
 msgid "Exact"
 msgstr "Pontos"
 
-#: gitk:2178 gitk:4574 gitk:6375
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4854 gitk:6723
 msgid "IgnCase"
 msgstr "Kis/nagy betű nem számít"
 
-#: gitk:2178 gitk:4468 gitk:4572 gitk:6371
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4736 gitk:4852 gitk:6719
 msgid "Regexp"
 msgstr "Regexp"
 
-#: gitk:2180 gitk:2181 gitk:4593 gitk:4623 gitk:4630 gitk:6499 gitk:6567
+#: gitk:2317 gitk:2318 gitk:4874 gitk:4904 gitk:4911 gitk:6848 gitk:6916
 msgid "All fields"
 msgstr "Minden mező"
 
-#: gitk:2181 gitk:4591 gitk:4623 gitk:6438
+#: gitk:2318 gitk:4871 gitk:4904 gitk:6786
 msgid "Headline"
 msgstr "Főcím"
 
-#: gitk:2182 gitk:4591 gitk:6438 gitk:6567 gitk:7000
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:6786 gitk:6916 gitk:7389
 msgid "Comments"
 msgstr "Megjegyzések"
 
-#: gitk:2182 gitk:4591 gitk:4595 gitk:4630 gitk:6438 gitk:6935 gitk:8280
-#: gitk:8295
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:4876 gitk:4911 gitk:6786 gitk:7324 gitk:8830
+#: gitk:8845
 msgid "Author"
 msgstr "Szerző"
 
-#: gitk:2182 gitk:4591 gitk:6438 gitk:6937
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:6786 gitk:7326
 msgid "Committer"
 msgstr "Commitoló"
 
-#: gitk:2213
+#: gitk:2350
 msgid "Search"
 msgstr "Keresés"
 
-#: gitk:2221
+#: gitk:2358
 msgid "Diff"
 msgstr "Diff"
 
-#: gitk:2223
+#: gitk:2360
 msgid "Old version"
 msgstr "Régi verzió"
 
-#: gitk:2225
+#: gitk:2362
 msgid "New version"
 msgstr "Új verzió"
 
-#: gitk:2227
+#: gitk:2364
 msgid "Lines of context"
 msgstr "Tartalmi sorok"
 
-#: gitk:2237
+#: gitk:2374
 msgid "Ignore space change"
 msgstr "Space váltás mellőzése"
 
-#: gitk:2296
+#: gitk:2378 gitk:2380 gitk:7959 gitk:8206
+msgid "Line diff"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2445
 msgid "Patch"
 msgstr "Patch"
 
-#: gitk:2298
+#: gitk:2447
 msgid "Tree"
 msgstr "Tree"
 
-#: gitk:2453 gitk:2470
+#: gitk:2617 gitk:2637
 msgid "Diff this -> selected"
 msgstr "Diff ezeket -> kiválasztott"
 
-#: gitk:2454 gitk:2471
+#: gitk:2618 gitk:2638
 msgid "Diff selected -> this"
 msgstr "Diff kiválasztottakat -> ezt"
 
-#: gitk:2455 gitk:2472
+#: gitk:2619 gitk:2639
 msgid "Make patch"
 msgstr "Patch készítése"
 
-#: gitk:2456 gitk:8687
+#: gitk:2620 gitk:9254
 msgid "Create tag"
 msgstr "Tag készítése"
 
-#: gitk:2457 gitk:8793
+#: gitk:2621 gitk:9371
 msgid "Write commit to file"
 msgstr "Commit fáljba írása"
 
-#: gitk:2458 gitk:8850
+#: gitk:2622 gitk:9428
 msgid "Create new branch"
 msgstr "Új branch készítése"
 
-#: gitk:2459
+#: gitk:2623
 msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
 msgstr "Cherry-pick erre a commitra"
 
-#: gitk:2460
+#: gitk:2624
 msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
 msgstr "HEAD branch újraindítása ide"
 
-#: gitk:2461
+#: gitk:2625
 msgid "Mark this commit"
 msgstr "Ezen commit megjelölése"
 
-#: gitk:2462
+#: gitk:2626
 msgid "Return to mark"
 msgstr "Visszatérés a megjelöléshez"
 
-#: gitk:2463
+#: gitk:2627
 msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
 msgstr "Találd meg ezen utódokat és jelöld meg"
 
-#: gitk:2464
+#: gitk:2628
 msgid "Compare with marked commit"
 msgstr "Összehasonlítás a megjelölt commit-tal"
 
-#: gitk:2478
+#: gitk:2629 gitk:2640
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Diff this -> marked commit"
+msgstr "Diff ezeket -> kiválasztott"
+
+#: gitk:2630 gitk:2641
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Diff marked commit -> this"
+msgstr "Diff kiválasztottakat -> ezt"
+
+#: gitk:2631
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Revert this commit"
+msgstr "Ezen commit megjelölése"
+
+#: gitk:2647
 msgid "Check out this branch"
 msgstr "Check out ezt a branchot"
 
-#: gitk:2479
+#: gitk:2648
 msgid "Remove this branch"
 msgstr "Töröld ezt a branch-ot"
 
-#: gitk:2486
+#: gitk:2649
+msgid "Copy branch name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2656
 msgid "Highlight this too"
 msgstr "Emeld ki ezt is"
 
-#: gitk:2487
+#: gitk:2657
 msgid "Highlight this only"
 msgstr "Csak ezt emeld ki"
 
-#: gitk:2488
+#: gitk:2658
 msgid "External diff"
 msgstr "Külső diff"
 
-#: gitk:2489
+#: gitk:2659
 msgid "Blame parent commit"
 msgstr "Blame szülő kommitra"
 
-#: gitk:2496
+#: gitk:2660
+msgid "Copy path"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2667
 msgid "Show origin of this line"
 msgstr "Mutasd meg ennek a sornak az eredetét"
 
-#: gitk:2497
+#: gitk:2668
 msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
 msgstr "Futtasd a git gui blame-t ezen a soron"
 
-#: gitk:2779
+#: gitk:3014
+#, fuzzy
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - commit nézegető a githez\n"
 "\n"
-"Szerzői jog \\u00a9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Szerzői jog \\u00a9 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Használd és terjeszd a GNU General Public License feltételei mellett"
 
-#: gitk:2787 gitk:2851 gitk:9215
+#: gitk:3022 gitk:3089 gitk:9857
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "Bezárás"
 
-#: gitk:2808
+#: gitk:3043
 msgid "Gitk key bindings"
 msgstr "Gitk-billentyű hozzárendelés"
 
-#: gitk:2811
+#: gitk:3046
 msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
 msgstr "Gitk-billentyű hozzaárendelés:"
 
-#: gitk:2813
+#: gitk:3048
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
 msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tKilépés"
 
-#: gitk:2814
+#: gitk:3049
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-W>\t\tClose window"
+msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tKeresés"
+
+#: gitk:3050
 msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
 msgstr "<Pos1>\t\tElső commithoz"
 
-#: gitk:2815
+#: gitk:3051
 msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
 msgstr "<Ende>\t\tUtolsó commithoz"
 
-#: gitk:2816
-msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
+#: gitk:3052
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "<Up>, p, k\tMove up one commit"
 msgstr "<Hoch>, p, i\tEgy committal feljebb"
 
-#: gitk:2817
-msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
+#: gitk:3053
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "<Down>, n, j\tMove down one commit"
 msgstr "<Runter>, n, k\tEgy committal lejjebb"
 
-#: gitk:2818
-msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
+#: gitk:3054
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "<Left>, z, h\tGo back in history list"
 msgstr "<Links>, z, j\tVissza a history listába"
 
-#: gitk:2819
+#: gitk:3055
 msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
 msgstr "<Rechts>, x, l\tElőre a history listába"
 
-#: gitk:2820
+#: gitk:3056
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-n>\tGo to n-th parent of current commit in history list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:3057
 msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<BildHoch>\tEgy lappal feljebb a commit listába"
 
-#: gitk:2821
+#: gitk:3058
 msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<BildRunter>\tEgy lappal lejjebb a commit listába"
 
-#: gitk:2822
+#: gitk:3059
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Pos1>\tGörgetés a commit lista tetejéhez"
 
-#: gitk:2823
+#: gitk:3060
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Ende>\tGörgetés a commit lista aljához"
 
-#: gitk:2824
+#: gitk:3061
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Hoch>\tEgy sorral feljebb görgetés a commit listában"
 
-#: gitk:2825
+#: gitk:3062
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Runter>\tEgy sorral lejjebb görgetés a commit listában"
 
-#: gitk:2826
+#: gitk:3063
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
 msgstr "<%s-BildHoch>\tEgy lappal feljebb görgetés a commit listában"
 
-#: gitk:2827
+#: gitk:3064
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
 msgstr "<%s-BildRunter>\tEgy sorral lejjebb görgetés a commit listában"
 
-#: gitk:2828
+#: gitk:3065
 msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
 msgstr "<Umschalt-Hoch>\tKeresés visszafele (felfele, utolsó commitok)"
 
-#: gitk:2829
+#: gitk:3066
 msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
 msgstr "<Umschalt-Runter>\tKeresés előre (lefelé; korábbi commitok)"
 
-#: gitk:2830
+#: gitk:3067
 msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Entf>, b\t\tEgy lappal feljebb görgetés a diff nézetben"
 
-#: gitk:2831
+#: gitk:3068
 msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Löschtaste>\tEgy lappal feljebb görgetés a diff nézetben"
 
-#: gitk:2832
+#: gitk:3069
 msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
 msgstr "<Leertaste>\tEgy lappal lejjebb görgetés a diff nézetben"
 
-#: gitk:2833
+#: gitk:3070
 msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
 msgstr "u\t\t18 sorral felfelé görgetés diff nézetben"
 
-#: gitk:2834
+#: gitk:3071
 msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
 msgstr "d\t\t18 sorral lejjebb görgetés a diff nézetben"
 
-#: gitk:2835
+#: gitk:3072
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
 msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tKeresés"
 
-#: gitk:2836
+#: gitk:3073
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tKövetkező találathoz"
 
-#: gitk:2837
+#: gitk:3074
 msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<Eingabetaste>\tKövetkező találathoz"
 
-#: gitk:2838
+#: gitk:3075
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "g\t\tGo to commit"
+msgstr "<Ende>\t\tUtolsó commithoz"
+
+#: gitk:3076
 msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
 msgstr "/\t\tLépj a keresési mezőre"
 
-#: gitk:2839
+#: gitk:3077
 msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
 msgstr "?\t\tElőző találathoz"
 
-#: gitk:2840
+#: gitk:3078
 msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
 msgstr "f\t\tKövetkező fájlra görgetés diff nézetben"
 
-#: gitk:2841
+#: gitk:3079
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tKövetkező találatra keresés diff nézetben"
 
-#: gitk:2842
+#: gitk:3080
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tElőző találatra keresés diff nézetben"
 
-#: gitk:2843
+#: gitk:3081
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Nummerblock-Plus>\tBetűméret növelése"
 
-#: gitk:2844
+#: gitk:3082
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Plus>\tBetűméret növelése"
 
-#: gitk:2845
+#: gitk:3083
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Nummernblock-Minus> Betűméret csökkentése"
 
-#: gitk:2846
+#: gitk:3084
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Minus>\tBetűméret csökkentése"
 
-#: gitk:2847
+#: gitk:3085
 msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
 msgstr "<F5>\t\tFrissítés"
 
-#: gitk:3302 gitk:3311
+#: gitk:3550 gitk:3559
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
 msgstr "Hiba történt az ideiglenes könyvtár létrehozása közben %s:"
 
-#: gitk:3324
+#: gitk:3572
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
 msgstr "Hiba történt \"%s\" letöltése közben %s-ről:"
 
-#: gitk:3387
+#: gitk:3635
 msgid "command failed:"
 msgstr "parancs hiba:"
 
-#: gitk:3536
+#: gitk:3784
 msgid "No such commit"
 msgstr "Nincs ilyen commit"
 
-#: gitk:3550
+#: gitk:3798
 msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
 msgstr "git gui blame: parancs hiba:"
 
-#: gitk:3581
+#: gitk:3829
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
 msgstr "Nem sikerült a Merge head olvasása: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3589
+#: gitk:3837
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error reading index: %s"
 msgstr "Hiba történt az index olvasása közben: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3614
+#: gitk:3862
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Nem sikerült a git blame indítása: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3617 gitk:6406
+#: gitk:3865 gitk:6754
 msgid "Searching"
 msgstr "Keresés"
 
-#: gitk:3649
+#: gitk:3897
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Hiba történt a git blame futtatása közben: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3677
+#: gitk:3925
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
 msgstr ""
 "A %s commitból származik az a sor, amelyik nem található ebben a nézetben"
 
-#: gitk:3691
+#: gitk:3939
 msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
 msgstr "Külső diff nézegető hiba:"
 
-#: gitk:3809
+#: gitk:4070
 msgid "Gitk view definition"
 msgstr "Gitk nézet meghatározása"
 
-#: gitk:3813
+#: gitk:4074
 msgid "Remember this view"
 msgstr "Maradj ennél a nézetnél"
 
-#: gitk:3814
+#: gitk:4075
 msgid "References (space separated list):"
 msgstr "Referenciák (szóközzel tagolt lista"
 
-#: gitk:3815
+#: gitk:4076
 msgid "Branches & tags:"
 msgstr "Branch-ek & tagek:"
 
-#: gitk:3816
+#: gitk:4077
 msgid "All refs"
 msgstr "Minden ref"
 
-#: gitk:3817
+#: gitk:4078
 msgid "All (local) branches"
 msgstr "Minden (helyi) branch"
 
-#: gitk:3818
+#: gitk:4079
 msgid "All tags"
 msgstr "Minden tag"
 
-#: gitk:3819
+#: gitk:4080
 msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "Minden távoli követő branch"
 
-#: gitk:3820
+#: gitk:4081
 msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
 msgstr "Commit Infó (reguláris kifejezés):"
 
-#: gitk:3821
+#: gitk:4082
 msgid "Author:"
 msgstr "Szerző:"
 
-#: gitk:3822
+#: gitk:4083
 msgid "Committer:"
 msgstr "Commitoló:"
 
-#: gitk:3823
+#: gitk:4084
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Commit üzenet:"
 
-#: gitk:3824
+#: gitk:4085
 msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
 msgstr "Egyezik minen Commit Infó feltétellel"
 
-#: gitk:3825
+#: gitk:4086
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Matches no Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "Egyezik minen Commit Infó feltétellel"
+
+#: gitk:4087
 msgid "Changes to Files:"
 msgstr "Fájl változások:"
 
-#: gitk:3826
+#: gitk:4088
 msgid "Fixed String"
 msgstr "Fix String"
 
-#: gitk:3827
+#: gitk:4089
 msgid "Regular Expression"
 msgstr "Reguláris kifejezés"
 
-#: gitk:3828
+#: gitk:4090
 msgid "Search string:"
 msgstr "Keresés szöveg:"
 
-#: gitk:3829
+#: gitk:4091
 msgid ""
 "Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
@@ -643,206 +699,203 @@ msgstr ""
 "Commit Dátumok (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
 
-#: gitk:3830
+#: gitk:4092
 msgid "Since:"
 msgstr "Ettől:"
 
-#: gitk:3831
+#: gitk:4093
 msgid "Until:"
 msgstr "Eddig:"
 
-#: gitk:3832
+#: gitk:4094
 msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
 msgstr "Limitálva és/vagy kihagyva egy adott számú revíziót (pozitív egész):"
 
-#: gitk:3833
+#: gitk:4095
 msgid "Number to show:"
 msgstr "Mutatandó szám:"
 
-#: gitk:3834
+#: gitk:4096
 msgid "Number to skip:"
 msgstr "Kihagyandó szám:"
 
-#: gitk:3835
+#: gitk:4097
 msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
 msgstr "Különféle opciók:"
 
-#: gitk:3836
+#: gitk:4098
 msgid "Strictly sort by date"
 msgstr "Szigorú rendezás dátum alapján"
 
-#: gitk:3837
+#: gitk:4099
 msgid "Mark branch sides"
 msgstr "Jelölje meg az ágakat"
 
-#: gitk:3838
+#: gitk:4100
 msgid "Limit to first parent"
 msgstr "Korlátozás az első szülőre"
 
-#: gitk:3839
+#: gitk:4101
 msgid "Simple history"
 msgstr "Egyszerű history"
 
-#: gitk:3840
+#: gitk:4102
 msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
 msgstr "További argumentok a git log-hoz:"
 
-#: gitk:3841
+#: gitk:4103
 msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
 msgstr "Fájlok és könyvtárak bejegyzése amiket tartalmaz, soronként:"
 
-#: gitk:3842
+#: gitk:4104
 msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
 msgstr "Parancs több tartalmazó commit generálására:"
 
-#: gitk:3964
+#: gitk:4228
 msgid "Gitk: edit view"
 msgstr "Gitk: szerkesztés nézet"
 
-#: gitk:3972
+#: gitk:4236
 msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
 msgstr "-- kritériumok a revíziók kiválasztásához"
 
-#: gitk:3977
+#: gitk:4241
 msgid "View Name"
 msgstr "Nézet neve"
 
-#: gitk:4052
+#: gitk:4316
 msgid "Apply (F5)"
 msgstr "Alkalmaz (F5)"
 
-#: gitk:4090
+#: gitk:4354
 msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
 msgstr "Hiba történt a commit argumentumok kiválasztása közben:"
 
-#: gitk:4143 gitk:4195 gitk:4643 gitk:4657 gitk:5918 gitk:11519 gitk:11520
+#: gitk:4409 gitk:4462 gitk:4924 gitk:4938 gitk:6208 gitk:12373 gitk:12374
 msgid "None"
 msgstr "Keine"
 
-#: gitk:4591 gitk:6438 gitk:8282 gitk:8297
-msgid "Date"
-msgstr "Dátum"
-
-#: gitk:4591 gitk:6438
-msgid "CDate"
-msgstr "Dátum"
-
-#: gitk:4740 gitk:4745
+#: gitk:5021 gitk:5026
 msgid "Descendant"
 msgstr "Leszármazott"
 
-#: gitk:4741
+#: gitk:5022
 msgid "Not descendant"
 msgstr "Nem leszármazott"
 
-#: gitk:4748 gitk:4753
+#: gitk:5029 gitk:5034
 msgid "Ancestor"
 msgstr "Előd"
 
-#: gitk:4749
+#: gitk:5030
 msgid "Not ancestor"
 msgstr "Nem előd"
 
-#: gitk:5039
+#: gitk:5324
 msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
 msgstr ""
 "Lokális változtatások, melyek be vannak téve az indexbe, de még nincsenek "
 "commitolva"
 
-#: gitk:5075
+#: gitk:5360
 msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
 msgstr "Lokális nem commitolt változások, nincsenek betéve az indexbe"
 
-#: gitk:6756
+#: gitk:7134
+msgid "and many more"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:7137
 msgid "many"
 msgstr "sok"
 
-#: gitk:6939
+#: gitk:7328
 msgid "Tags:"
 msgstr "Tagek:"
 
-#: gitk:6956 gitk:6962 gitk:8275
+#: gitk:7345 gitk:7351 gitk:8825
 msgid "Parent"
 msgstr "Eltern"
 
-#: gitk:6967
+#: gitk:7356
 msgid "Child"
 msgstr "Gyerek"
 
-#: gitk:6976
+#: gitk:7365
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "�g"
 
-#: gitk:6979
+#: gitk:7368
 msgid "Follows"
 msgstr "Következők"
 
-#: gitk:6982
+#: gitk:7371
 msgid "Precedes"
 msgstr "Megelőzők"
 
-#: gitk:7519
+#: gitk:7966
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
 msgstr "Hiba történt a diff-ek letöltése közben: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8103
+#: gitk:8650
 msgid "Goto:"
 msgstr "Menj:"
 
-#: gitk:8105
-msgid "SHA1 ID:"
-msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
-
-#: gitk:8124
+#: gitk:8671
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
 msgstr "Rövid SHA1 id %s félreérthető"
 
-#: gitk:8131
+#: gitk:8678
+#, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not known"
 msgstr "A(z) %s revízió nem ismert"
 
-#: gitk:8141
+#: gitk:8688
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
 msgstr "SHA1 id %s nem ismert"
 
-#: gitk:8143
+#: gitk:8690
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
 msgstr "A(z) %s revízió nincs a jelenlegi nézetben"
 
-#: gitk:8285
+#: gitk:8832 gitk:8847
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Dátum"
+
+#: gitk:8835
 msgid "Children"
 msgstr "Gyerekek"
 
-#: gitk:8343
+#: gitk:8898
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
 msgstr "�llítsd vissza a %s branch-ot ide"
 
-#: gitk:8345
+#: gitk:8900
 msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
 msgstr "Elkülönített head: nem lehet visszaállítani"
 
-#: gitk:8454 gitk:8460
+#: gitk:9005 gitk:9011
 msgid "Skipping merge commit "
 msgstr "Merge commit kihagyása "
 
-#: gitk:8469 gitk:8474
+#: gitk:9020 gitk:9025
 msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
 msgstr "Hiba történt a patch ID megszerzése közben a következőnél "
 
-#: gitk:8470 gitk:8475
+#: gitk:9021 gitk:9026
 msgid " - stopping\n"
 msgstr " - abbahagyás\n"
 
-#: gitk:8480 gitk:8483 gitk:8491 gitk:8505 gitk:8514
+#: gitk:9031 gitk:9034 gitk:9042 gitk:9056 gitk:9065
 msgid "Commit "
 msgstr "Commit "
 
-#: gitk:8484
+#: gitk:9035
 msgid ""
 " is the same patch as\n"
 "       "
@@ -850,7 +903,7 @@ msgstr ""
 " Ugyanaz a patch mint\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8492
+#: gitk:9043
 msgid ""
 " differs from\n"
 "       "
@@ -858,7 +911,7 @@ msgstr ""
 " különbözik innentől\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8494
+#: gitk:9045
 msgid ""
 "Diff of commits:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -866,121 +919,132 @@ msgstr ""
 "A commitok diffje:\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: gitk:8506 gitk:8515
+#: gitk:9057 gitk:9066
 #, tcl-format
 msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
 msgstr " %s gyereke van. abbahagyás\n"
 
-#: gitk:8534
+#: gitk:9085
+#, tcl-format
 msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
 msgstr "Hiba történt a commit fájlba írása közben: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8540
+#: gitk:9091
+#, tcl-format
 msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
 msgstr "Hiba történt a commitok diffelése közben: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8570
+#: gitk:9137
 msgid "Top"
 msgstr "Teteje"
 
-#: gitk:8571
+#: gitk:9138
 msgid "From"
 msgstr "Innen"
 
-#: gitk:8576
+#: gitk:9143
 msgid "To"
 msgstr "Ide"
 
-#: gitk:8600
+#: gitk:9167
 msgid "Generate patch"
 msgstr "Patch generálása"
 
-#: gitk:8602
+#: gitk:9169
 msgid "From:"
 msgstr "Innen:"
 
-#: gitk:8611
+#: gitk:9178
 msgid "To:"
 msgstr "Ide:"
 
-#: gitk:8620
+#: gitk:9187
 msgid "Reverse"
 msgstr "Visszafele"
 
-#: gitk:8622 gitk:8807
+#: gitk:9189 gitk:9385
 msgid "Output file:"
 msgstr "Kimeneti fájl:"
 
-#: gitk:8628
+#: gitk:9195
 msgid "Generate"
 msgstr "Generálás"
 
-#: gitk:8666
+#: gitk:9233
 msgid "Error creating patch:"
 msgstr "Hiba törtét a patch készítése közben:"
 
-#: gitk:8689 gitk:8795 gitk:8852
+#: gitk:9256 gitk:9373 gitk:9430
 msgid "ID:"
 msgstr "ID:"
 
-#: gitk:8698
+#: gitk:9265
 msgid "Tag name:"
 msgstr "Tag név:"
 
-#: gitk:8702 gitk:8861
+#: gitk:9268
+msgid "Tag message is optional"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:9270
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Tag message:"
+msgstr "Tag név:"
+
+#: gitk:9274 gitk:9439
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "Létrehozás"
 
-#: gitk:8719
+#: gitk:9292
 msgid "No tag name specified"
 msgstr "A tag neve nincsen megadva"
 
-#: gitk:8723
+#: gitk:9296
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
 msgstr "%s Tag már létezik"
 
-#: gitk:8729
+#: gitk:9306
 msgid "Error creating tag:"
 msgstr "Hiba történt a tag létrehozása közben:"
 
-#: gitk:8804
+#: gitk:9382
 msgid "Command:"
 msgstr "Parancs:"
 
-#: gitk:8812
+#: gitk:9390
 msgid "Write"
 msgstr "�rás"
 
-#: gitk:8830
+#: gitk:9408
 msgid "Error writing commit:"
 msgstr "Hiba történt a commit írása közben:"
 
-#: gitk:8857
+#: gitk:9435
 msgid "Name:"
 msgstr "Név:"
 
-#: gitk:8880
+#: gitk:9458
 msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
 msgstr "Kérem adja meg a nevét az új branchhoz"
 
-#: gitk:8885
+#: gitk:9463
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
 msgstr "%s branch már létezik. Felülírja?"
 
-#: gitk:8951
+#: gitk:9530
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
 msgstr ""
 "%s commit már benne van a %s branchban -- biztos hogy újra csinálja ?"
 "eintragen?"
 
-#: gitk:8956
+#: gitk:9535
 msgid "Cherry-picking"
 msgstr "Cherry-picking"
 
-#: gitk:8965
+#: gitk:9544
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
@@ -990,7 +1054,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Kérem commitolja, indítsa újra vagy rejtse el a változtatásait és próbálja "
 "újra."
 
-#: gitk:8971
+#: gitk:9550
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
 "Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
@@ -998,32 +1062,63 @@ msgstr ""
 "Cherry-pick hiba történt merge konfliktus miatt.\n"
 "Kívánja futtatni a git citool-t a probléma megoldásához?"
 
-#: gitk:8987
+#: gitk:9566 gitk:9624
 msgid "No changes committed"
 msgstr "Nincsen változás commitolva"
 
-#: gitk:9013
+#: gitk:9593
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is not included in branch %s -- really revert it?"
+msgstr ""
+"%s commit már benne van a %s branchban -- biztos hogy újra csinálja ?"
+"eintragen?"
+
+#: gitk:9598
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Reverting"
+msgstr "Újraindítás"
+
+#: gitk:9606
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of local changes to the following files:%s Please "
+"commit, reset or stash  your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+"Cherry-pick hiba történt lokális váltotások miatt a '%s' fájlban.\n"
+"Kérem commitolja, indítsa újra vagy rejtse el a változtatásait és próbálja "
+"újra."
+
+#: gitk:9610
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+" Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"Cherry-pick hiba történt merge konfliktus miatt.\n"
+"Kívánja futtatni a git citool-t a probléma megoldásához?"
+
+#: gitk:9653
 msgid "Confirm reset"
 msgstr "Újraindítás megerősítése"
 
-#: gitk:9015
+#: gitk:9655
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
 msgstr "Újraindítja a %s branchot %s-ig?"
 
-#: gitk:9017
+#: gitk:9657
 msgid "Reset type:"
 msgstr "Újraindítás típusa:"
 
-#: gitk:9020
+#: gitk:9660
 msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
 msgstr "Soft: Hagyd a working tree-t és az indexet érintetlenül"
 
-#: gitk:9023
+#: gitk:9663
 msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
 msgstr "Kevert: Hagyd a working tree-t érintetlenül, töröld az indexet"
 
-#: gitk:9026
+#: gitk:9666
 msgid ""
 "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
 "(discard ALL local changes)"
@@ -1031,19 +1126,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "Hard: Indítsd újra a working tree-t és az indexet\n"
 "(MINDEN lokális változás eldobása)"
 
-#: gitk:9043
+#: gitk:9683
 msgid "Resetting"
 msgstr "Újraindítás"
 
-#: gitk:9103
+#: gitk:9743
 msgid "Checking out"
 msgstr "Kivesz"
 
-#: gitk:9156
+#: gitk:9796
 msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
 msgstr "Nem lehet a jelenleg kivett branch-ot törölni"
 
-#: gitk:9162
+#: gitk:9802
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
@@ -1052,16 +1147,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "A %s branchon található commit nem található meg semelyik másik branchon.\n"
 "Tényleg törli a %s branchot?"
 
-#: gitk:9193
+#: gitk:9833
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
 msgstr "Tagek és headek: %s"
 
-#: gitk:9208
+#: gitk:9850
 msgid "Filter"
 msgstr "Szűrő"
 
-#: gitk:9503
+#: gitk:10146
 msgid ""
 "Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
 "tag information will be incomplete."
@@ -1069,205 +1164,241 @@ msgstr ""
 "Hiba történt a commit topológiai információ olvasása közben; branch ésa "
 "megelőző/következő információ nem lesz teljes."
 
-#: gitk:10489
+#: gitk:11123
 msgid "Tag"
 msgstr "Tag"
 
-#: gitk:10489
+#: gitk:11127
 msgid "Id"
 msgstr "Id"
 
-#: gitk:10539
+#: gitk:11210
 msgid "Gitk font chooser"
 msgstr "Gitk-betű kiválasztó"
 
-#: gitk:10556
+#: gitk:11227
 msgid "B"
 msgstr "F"
 
-#: gitk:10559
+#: gitk:11230
 msgid "I"
 msgstr "K"
 
-#: gitk:10677
-msgid "Gitk preferences"
-msgstr "Gitk beállítások"
-
-#: gitk:10679
+#: gitk:11348
 msgid "Commit list display options"
 msgstr "Commit lista kijelzési opciók"
 
-#: gitk:10682
+#: gitk:11351
 msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
 msgstr "Maximális grafikon szélesség (sorok)"
 
-#: gitk:10685
-#, tcl-format
+#: gitk:11355
+#, no-tcl-format
 msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
 msgstr "Maximális grafikon szélesség (táble %-je)"
 
-#: gitk:10688
+#: gitk:11358
 msgid "Show local changes"
 msgstr "Mutasd a lokális változtatásokat"
 
-#: gitk:10691
-msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
+#: gitk:11361
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"
 msgstr "SHA1 Automatikus kiválasztása"
 
-#: gitk:10694
+#: gitk:11365
 msgid "Hide remote refs"
 msgstr "A távoli refek elrejtése"
 
-#: gitk:10698
+#: gitk:11369
 msgid "Diff display options"
 msgstr "Diff kijelző opciók"
 
-#: gitk:10700
+#: gitk:11371
 msgid "Tab spacing"
 msgstr "Tab sorköz"
 
-#: gitk:10703
-msgid "Display nearby tags"
+#: gitk:11374
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Display nearby tags/heads"
 msgstr "Szomszédos tagek kijelzése"
 
-#: gitk:10706
+#: gitk:11377
+msgid "Maximum # tags/heads to show"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11380
 msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
 msgstr "Korlátozott diffek a kilistázott útvonalakhoz"
 
-#: gitk:10709
+#: gitk:11383
 msgid "Support per-file encodings"
 msgstr "Fájlonkénti kódolás támgatása"
 
-#: gitk:10715 gitk:10804
+#: gitk:11389 gitk:11536
 msgid "External diff tool"
 msgstr "Külső diff alkalmazás"
 
-#: gitk:10716
+#: gitk:11390
 msgid "Choose..."
 msgstr "Válaszd ..."
 
-#: gitk:10721
+#: gitk:11395
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "�ltalános opciók"
 
-#: gitk:10724
+#: gitk:11398
 msgid "Use themed widgets"
 msgstr "Témázott vezérlők használata"
 
-#: gitk:10726
+#: gitk:11400
 msgid "(change requires restart)"
 msgstr "(a változás újraindítást igényel)"
 
-#: gitk:10728
+#: gitk:11402
 msgid "(currently unavailable)"
 msgstr "(jelenleg nem elérhető)"
 
-#: gitk:10732
+#: gitk:11413
 msgid "Colors: press to choose"
 msgstr "Színek: nyomja meg a kiválasztáshoz"
 
-#: gitk:10735
+#: gitk:11416
 msgid "Interface"
 msgstr "Interfész"
 
-#: gitk:10736
+#: gitk:11417
 msgid "interface"
 msgstr "interfész"
 
-#: gitk:10739
+#: gitk:11420
 msgid "Background"
 msgstr "Háttér"
 
-#: gitk:10740 gitk:10770
+#: gitk:11421 gitk:11451
 msgid "background"
 msgstr "háttér"
 
-#: gitk:10743
+#: gitk:11424
 msgid "Foreground"
 msgstr "Előtér"
 
-#: gitk:10744
+#: gitk:11425
 msgid "foreground"
 msgstr "előtér"
 
-#: gitk:10747
+#: gitk:11428
 msgid "Diff: old lines"
 msgstr "Diff: régi sorok"
 
-#: gitk:10748
+#: gitk:11429
 msgid "diff old lines"
 msgstr "diff régi sorok"
 
-#: gitk:10752
+#: gitk:11433
 msgid "Diff: new lines"
 msgstr "Diff: új sorok"
 
-#: gitk:10753
+#: gitk:11434
 msgid "diff new lines"
 msgstr "diff - új sorok"
 
-#: gitk:10757
+#: gitk:11438
 msgid "Diff: hunk header"
 msgstr "Diff: nagy headerök"
 
-#: gitk:10759
+#: gitk:11440
 msgid "diff hunk header"
 msgstr "diff - nagy headerök"
 
-#: gitk:10763
+#: gitk:11444
 msgid "Marked line bg"
 msgstr "Megjelölt sor háttér"
 
-#: gitk:10765
+#: gitk:11446
 msgid "marked line background"
 msgstr "megjelölt sor háttér"
 
-#: gitk:10769
+#: gitk:11450
 msgid "Select bg"
 msgstr "Válasszon hátteret"
 
-#: gitk:10773
+#: gitk:11459
 msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
 msgstr "Betű: nyomja meg a kiválasztáshoz"
 
-#: gitk:10775
+#: gitk:11461
 msgid "Main font"
 msgstr "Fő betű"
 
-#: gitk:10776
+#: gitk:11462
 msgid "Diff display font"
 msgstr "Diff kijelző betű"
 
-#: gitk:10777
+#: gitk:11463
 msgid "User interface font"
 msgstr "Felhasználói interfész betű"
 
-#: gitk:10814
+#: gitk:11485
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "Gitk beállítások"
+
+#: gitk:11494
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "General"
+msgstr "Generálás"
+
+#: gitk:11495
+msgid "Colors"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11496
+msgid "Fonts"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11546
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
 msgstr "Gitk: válasszon színt a %s-ra"
 
-#: gitk:11418
+#: gitk:12059
+msgid ""
+"Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+msgstr ""
+"Sajnáljuk, de a gitk nem futtatható ezzel a Tcl/Tk verzióval.\n"
+"Gitk futtatásához legalább Tcl/Tk 8.4 szükséges."
+
+#: gitk:12269
 msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
 msgstr "Nem találhatü git repository itt."
 
-#: gitk:11422
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
-msgstr "Nem található a \"%s\" könyvtár."
-
-#: gitk:11469
+#: gitk:12316
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
 msgstr "Félreérthető argumentum '%s': revízió és fájlnév is"
 
-#: gitk:11481
+#: gitk:12328
 msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
 msgstr "Rossz gitk argumentumok:"
 
-#: gitk:11572
-msgid "Command line"
-msgstr "Parancs sor"
+#~ msgid "mc"
+#~ msgstr "mc"
+
+#~ msgid "SHA1 ID: "
+#~ msgstr "SHA1 ID: "
+
+#~ msgid "next"
+#~ msgstr "következő"
+
+#~ msgid "prev"
+#~ msgstr "előző"
+
+#~ msgid "CDate"
+#~ msgstr "Dátum"
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
+#~ msgstr "Nem található a \"%s\" könyvtár."
 
 #~ msgid "Use all refs"
 #~ msgstr "Használd az összes referenciát"
@@ -1286,10 +1417,3 @@ msgstr "Parancs sor"
 
 #~ msgid "- stopping\n"
 #~ msgstr "- abbahagyás.\n"
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
-#~ " Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Sajnáljuk, de a gitk nem futtatható ezzel a Tcl/Tk verzióval.\n"
-#~ "Gitk futtatásához legalább Tcl/Tk 8.4 szükséges."
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/it.po b/gitk-git/po/it.po
index a730d63a42..b58d23eb2b 100644
--- a/gitk-git/po/it.po
+++ b/gitk-git/po/it.po
@@ -8,33 +8,42 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: gitk\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-01-28 18:40+0100\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-05-17 14:32+1000\n"
 "PO-Revision-Date: 2010-01-28 18:41+0100\n"
 "Last-Translator: Michele Ballabio <barra_cuda@katamail.com>\n"
 "Language-Team: Italian\n"
+"Language: \n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 
-#: gitk:115
+#: gitk:140
 msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
 msgstr "Impossibile ottenere l'elenco dei file in attesa di fusione:"
 
-#: gitk:274
+#: gitk:212 gitk:2381
+msgid "Color words"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:217 gitk:2381 gitk:8220 gitk:8253
+msgid "Markup words"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:324
 msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
 msgstr "Errore nella lettura delle revisioni:"
 
-#: gitk:329
+#: gitk:380
 msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
 msgstr "Errore nell'esecuzione del comando specificato con --argscmd:"
 
-#: gitk:342
+#: gitk:393
 msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
 msgstr ""
 "Nessun file selezionato: è stata specificata l'opzione --merge ma non ci "
 "sono file in attesa di fusione."
 
-#: gitk:345
+#: gitk:396
 msgid ""
 "No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
 "limit."
@@ -42,602 +51,649 @@ msgstr ""
 "Nessun file selezionato: è stata specificata l'opzione --merge ma i file "
 "specificati non sono in attesa di fusione."
 
-#: gitk:367 gitk:514
+#: gitk:418 gitk:566
 msgid "Error executing git log:"
 msgstr "Errore nell'esecuzione di git log:"
 
-#: gitk:385 gitk:530
+#: gitk:436 gitk:582
 msgid "Reading"
 msgstr "Lettura in corso"
 
-#: gitk:445 gitk:4261
+#: gitk:496 gitk:4525
 msgid "Reading commits..."
 msgstr "Lettura delle revisioni in corso..."
 
-#: gitk:448 gitk:1578 gitk:4264
+#: gitk:499 gitk:1637 gitk:4528
 msgid "No commits selected"
 msgstr "Nessuna revisione selezionata"
 
-#: gitk:1454
+#: gitk:1445 gitk:4045 gitk:12432
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Linea di comando"
+
+#: gitk:1511
 msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
 msgstr "Impossibile elaborare i dati di git log:"
 
-#: gitk:1674
+#: gitk:1740
 msgid "No commit information available"
 msgstr "Nessuna informazione disponibile sulle revisioni"
 
-#: gitk:1816
-msgid "mc"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: gitk:1851 gitk:4054 gitk:9044 gitk:10585 gitk:10804
+#: gitk:1903 gitk:1932 gitk:4315 gitk:9669 gitk:11241 gitk:11521
 msgid "OK"
 msgstr "OK"
 
-#: gitk:1853 gitk:4056 gitk:8634 gitk:8713 gitk:8828 gitk:8877 gitk:9046
-#: gitk:10586 gitk:10805
+#: gitk:1934 gitk:4317 gitk:9196 gitk:9275 gitk:9391 gitk:9440 gitk:9671
+#: gitk:11242 gitk:11522
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Annulla"
 
-#: gitk:1975
-msgid "Update"
+#: gitk:2069
+msgid "&Update"
 msgstr "Aggiorna"
 
-#: gitk:1976
-msgid "Reload"
+#: gitk:2070
+msgid "&Reload"
 msgstr "Ricarica"
 
-#: gitk:1977
-msgid "Reread references"
+#: gitk:2071
+msgid "Reread re&ferences"
 msgstr "Rileggi riferimenti"
 
-#: gitk:1978
-msgid "List references"
+#: gitk:2072
+msgid "&List references"
 msgstr "Elenca riferimenti"
 
-#: gitk:1980
-msgid "Start git gui"
+#: gitk:2074
+msgid "Start git &gui"
 msgstr "Avvia git gui"
 
-#: gitk:1982
-msgid "Quit"
+#: gitk:2076
+msgid "&Quit"
 msgstr "Esci"
 
-#: gitk:1974
-msgid "File"
-msgstr "File"
+#: gitk:2068
+msgid "&File"
+msgstr "&File"
 
-#: gitk:1986
-msgid "Preferences"
+#: gitk:2080
+msgid "&Preferences"
 msgstr "Preferenze"
 
-#: gitk:1985
-msgid "Edit"
+#: gitk:2079
+msgid "&Edit"
 msgstr "Modifica"
 
-#: gitk:1990
-msgid "New view..."
+#: gitk:2084
+msgid "&New view..."
 msgstr "Nuova vista..."
 
-#: gitk:1991
-msgid "Edit view..."
+#: gitk:2085
+msgid "&Edit view..."
 msgstr "Modifica vista..."
 
-#: gitk:1992
-msgid "Delete view"
+#: gitk:2086
+msgid "&Delete view"
 msgstr "Elimina vista"
 
-#: gitk:1994
-msgid "All files"
+#: gitk:2088 gitk:4043
+msgid "&All files"
 msgstr "Tutti i file"
 
-#: gitk:1989 gitk:3808
-msgid "View"
+#: gitk:2083 gitk:4067
+msgid "&View"
 msgstr "Vista"
 
-#: gitk:1999 gitk:2009 gitk:2780
-msgid "About gitk"
+#: gitk:2093 gitk:2103 gitk:3012
+msgid "&About gitk"
 msgstr "Informazioni su gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2000 gitk:2014
-msgid "Key bindings"
+#: gitk:2094 gitk:2108
+msgid "&Key bindings"
 msgstr "Scorciatoie da tastiera"
 
-#: gitk:1998 gitk:2013
-msgid "Help"
+#: gitk:2092 gitk:2107
+msgid "&Help"
 msgstr "Aiuto"
 
-#: gitk:2091 gitk:8110
+#: gitk:2185 gitk:8652
 msgid "SHA1 ID:"
 msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
 
-#: gitk:2122
+#: gitk:2229
 msgid "Row"
 msgstr "Riga"
 
-#: gitk:2160
+#: gitk:2267
 msgid "Find"
 msgstr "Trova"
 
-#: gitk:2161
-msgid "next"
-msgstr "succ"
-
-#: gitk:2162
-msgid "prev"
-msgstr "prec"
-
-#: gitk:2163
+#: gitk:2295
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "revisione"
 
-#: gitk:2166 gitk:2168 gitk:4422 gitk:4445 gitk:4469 gitk:6410 gitk:6482
-#: gitk:6566
+#: gitk:2299 gitk:2301 gitk:4687 gitk:4710 gitk:4734 gitk:6755 gitk:6827
+#: gitk:6912
 msgid "containing:"
 msgstr "contenente:"
 
-#: gitk:2169 gitk:3290 gitk:3295 gitk:4497
+#: gitk:2302 gitk:3526 gitk:3531 gitk:4763
 msgid "touching paths:"
 msgstr "che riguarda i percorsi:"
 
-#: gitk:2170 gitk:4502
+#: gitk:2303 gitk:4777
 msgid "adding/removing string:"
 msgstr "che aggiunge/rimuove la stringa:"
 
-#: gitk:2179 gitk:2181
+#: gitk:2304 gitk:4779
+msgid "changing lines matching:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2313 gitk:2315 gitk:4766
 msgid "Exact"
 msgstr "Esatto"
 
-#: gitk:2181 gitk:4577 gitk:6378
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4854 gitk:6723
 msgid "IgnCase"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: gitk:2181 gitk:4471 gitk:4575 gitk:6374
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4736 gitk:4852 gitk:6719
 msgid "Regexp"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: gitk:2183 gitk:2184 gitk:4596 gitk:4626 gitk:4633 gitk:6502 gitk:6570
+#: gitk:2317 gitk:2318 gitk:4874 gitk:4904 gitk:4911 gitk:6848 gitk:6916
 msgid "All fields"
 msgstr "Tutti i campi"
 
-#: gitk:2184 gitk:4594 gitk:4626 gitk:6441
+#: gitk:2318 gitk:4871 gitk:4904 gitk:6786
 msgid "Headline"
 msgstr "Titolo"
 
-#: gitk:2185 gitk:4594 gitk:6441 gitk:6570 gitk:7003
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:6786 gitk:6916 gitk:7389
 msgid "Comments"
 msgstr "Commenti"
 
-#: gitk:2185 gitk:4594 gitk:4598 gitk:4633 gitk:6441 gitk:6938 gitk:8285
-#: gitk:8300
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:4876 gitk:4911 gitk:6786 gitk:7324 gitk:8830
+#: gitk:8845
 msgid "Author"
 msgstr "Autore"
 
-#: gitk:2185 gitk:4594 gitk:6441 gitk:6940
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:6786 gitk:7326
 msgid "Committer"
 msgstr "Revisione creata da"
 
-#: gitk:2216
+#: gitk:2350
 msgid "Search"
 msgstr "Cerca"
 
-#: gitk:2224
+#: gitk:2358
 msgid "Diff"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: gitk:2226
+#: gitk:2360
 msgid "Old version"
 msgstr "Vecchia versione"
 
-#: gitk:2228
+#: gitk:2362
 msgid "New version"
 msgstr "Nuova versione"
 
-#: gitk:2230
+#: gitk:2364
 msgid "Lines of context"
 msgstr "Linee di contesto"
 
-#: gitk:2240
+#: gitk:2374
 msgid "Ignore space change"
 msgstr "Ignora modifiche agli spazi"
 
-#: gitk:2299
+#: gitk:2378 gitk:2380 gitk:7959 gitk:8206
+msgid "Line diff"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2445
 msgid "Patch"
 msgstr "Modifiche"
 
-#: gitk:2301
+#: gitk:2447
 msgid "Tree"
 msgstr "Directory"
 
-#: gitk:2456 gitk:2473
+#: gitk:2617 gitk:2637
 msgid "Diff this -> selected"
 msgstr "Diff questo -> selezionato"
 
-#: gitk:2457 gitk:2474
+#: gitk:2618 gitk:2638
 msgid "Diff selected -> this"
 msgstr "Diff selezionato -> questo"
 
-#: gitk:2458 gitk:2475
+#: gitk:2619 gitk:2639
 msgid "Make patch"
 msgstr "Crea patch"
 
-#: gitk:2459 gitk:8692
+#: gitk:2620 gitk:9254
 msgid "Create tag"
 msgstr "Crea etichetta"
 
-#: gitk:2460 gitk:8808
+#: gitk:2621 gitk:9371
 msgid "Write commit to file"
 msgstr "Scrivi revisione in un file"
 
-#: gitk:2461 gitk:8865
+#: gitk:2622 gitk:9428
 msgid "Create new branch"
 msgstr "Crea un nuovo ramo"
 
-#: gitk:2462
+#: gitk:2623
 msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
 msgstr "Porta questa revisione in cima al ramo attuale"
 
-#: gitk:2463
+#: gitk:2624
 msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
 msgstr "Aggiorna il ramo HEAD a questa revisione"
 
-#: gitk:2464
+#: gitk:2625
 msgid "Mark this commit"
 msgstr "Segna questa revisione"
 
-#: gitk:2465
+#: gitk:2626
 msgid "Return to mark"
 msgstr "Torna alla revisione segnata"
 
-#: gitk:2466
+#: gitk:2627
 msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
 msgstr "Trova il discendente di questa revisione e di quella segnata"
 
-#: gitk:2467
+#: gitk:2628
 msgid "Compare with marked commit"
 msgstr "Confronta con la revisione segnata"
 
-#: gitk:2481
+#: gitk:2629 gitk:2640
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Diff this -> marked commit"
+msgstr "Diff questo -> selezionato"
+
+#: gitk:2630 gitk:2641
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Diff marked commit -> this"
+msgstr "Diff selezionato -> questo"
+
+#: gitk:2631
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Revert this commit"
+msgstr "Segna questa revisione"
+
+#: gitk:2647
 msgid "Check out this branch"
 msgstr "Attiva questo ramo"
 
-#: gitk:2482
+#: gitk:2648
 msgid "Remove this branch"
 msgstr "Elimina questo ramo"
 
-#: gitk:2489
+#: gitk:2649
+msgid "Copy branch name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2656
 msgid "Highlight this too"
 msgstr "Evidenzia anche questo"
 
-#: gitk:2490
+#: gitk:2657
 msgid "Highlight this only"
 msgstr "Evidenzia solo questo"
 
-#: gitk:2491
+#: gitk:2658
 msgid "External diff"
 msgstr "Visualizza differenze in un altro programma"
 
-#: gitk:2492
+#: gitk:2659
 msgid "Blame parent commit"
 msgstr "Annota la revisione precedente"
 
-#: gitk:2499
+#: gitk:2660
+msgid "Copy path"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2667
 msgid "Show origin of this line"
 msgstr "Mostra la provenienza di questa riga"
 
-#: gitk:2500
+#: gitk:2668
 msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
 msgstr "Esegui git gui blame su questa riga"
 
-#: gitk:2782
+#: gitk:3014
+#, fuzzy
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - un visualizzatore di revisioni per git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Utilizzo e redistribuzione permessi sotto i termini della GNU General Public "
 "License"
 
-#: gitk:2790 gitk:2854 gitk:9230
+#: gitk:3022 gitk:3089 gitk:9857
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "Chiudi"
 
-#: gitk:2811
+#: gitk:3043
 msgid "Gitk key bindings"
 msgstr "Scorciatoie da tastiera di Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2814
+#: gitk:3046
 msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
 msgstr "Scorciatoie da tastiera di Gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:2816
+#: gitk:3048
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
 msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tEsci"
 
-#: gitk:2817
+#: gitk:3049
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-W>\t\tClose window"
+msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tTrova"
+
+#: gitk:3050
 msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
 msgstr "<Home>\t\tVai alla prima revisione"
 
-#: gitk:2818
+#: gitk:3051
 msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
 msgstr "<End>\t\tVai all'ultima revisione"
 
-#: gitk:2819
-msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
+#: gitk:3052
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "<Up>, p, k\tMove up one commit"
 msgstr "<Su>, p, i\tVai più in alto di una revisione"
 
-#: gitk:2820
-msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
+#: gitk:3053
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "<Down>, n, j\tMove down one commit"
 msgstr "<Giù>, n, k\tVai più in basso di una revisione"
 
-#: gitk:2821
-msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
+#: gitk:3054
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "<Left>, z, h\tGo back in history list"
 msgstr "<Sinistra>, z, j\tTorna indietro nella cronologia"
 
-#: gitk:2822
+#: gitk:3055
 msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
 msgstr "<Destra>, x, l\tVai avanti nella cronologia"
 
-#: gitk:2823
+#: gitk:3056
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-n>\tGo to n-th parent of current commit in history list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:3057
 msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PaginaSu>\tVai più in alto di una pagina nella lista delle revisioni"
 
-#: gitk:2824
+#: gitk:3058
 msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
 msgstr ""
 "<PaginaGiù>\tVai più in basso di una pagina nella lista delle revisioni"
 
-#: gitk:2825
+#: gitk:3059
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Home>\tScorri alla cima della lista delle revisioni"
 
-#: gitk:2826
+#: gitk:3060
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-End>\tScorri alla fine della lista delle revisioni"
 
-#: gitk:2827
+#: gitk:3061
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Su>\tScorri la lista delle revisioni in alto di una riga"
 
-#: gitk:2828
+#: gitk:3062
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Giù>\tScorri la lista delle revisioni in basso di una riga"
 
-#: gitk:2829
+#: gitk:3063
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PaginaSu>\tScorri la lista delle revisioni in alto di una pagina"
 
-#: gitk:2830
+#: gitk:3064
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PaginaGiù>\tScorri la lista delle revisioni in basso di una pagina"
 
-#: gitk:2831
+#: gitk:3065
 msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
 msgstr "<Shift-Su>\tTrova all'indietro (verso l'alto, revisioni successive)"
 
-#: gitk:2832
+#: gitk:3066
 msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
 msgstr "<Shift-Giù>\tTrova in avanti (verso il basso, revisioni precedenti)"
 
-#: gitk:2833
+#: gitk:3067
 msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Delete>, b\tScorri la vista delle differenze in alto di una pagina"
 
-#: gitk:2834
+#: gitk:3068
 msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Backspace>\tScorri la vista delle differenze in alto di una pagina"
 
-#: gitk:2835
+#: gitk:3069
 msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
 msgstr "<Spazio>\t\tScorri la vista delle differenze in basso di una pagina"
 
-#: gitk:2836
+#: gitk:3070
 msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
 msgstr "u\t\tScorri la vista delle differenze in alto di 18 linee"
 
-#: gitk:2837
+#: gitk:3071
 msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
 msgstr "d\t\tScorri la vista delle differenze in basso di 18 linee"
 
-#: gitk:2838
+#: gitk:3072
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
 msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tTrova"
 
-#: gitk:2839
+#: gitk:3073
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tTrova in avanti"
 
-#: gitk:2840
+#: gitk:3074
 msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<Invio>\tTrova in avanti"
 
-#: gitk:2841
+#: gitk:3075
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "g\t\tGo to commit"
+msgstr "<End>\t\tVai all'ultima revisione"
+
+#: gitk:3076
 msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
 msgstr "/\t\tCursore nel box di ricerca"
 
-#: gitk:2842
+#: gitk:3077
 msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
 msgstr "?\t\tTrova all'indietro"
 
-#: gitk:2843
+#: gitk:3078
 msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
 msgstr "f\t\tScorri la vista delle differenze al file successivo"
 
-#: gitk:2844
+#: gitk:3079
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tCerca in avanti nella vista delle differenze"
 
-#: gitk:2845
+#: gitk:3080
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tCerca all'indietro nella vista delle differenze"
 
-#: gitk:2846
+#: gitk:3081
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-KP+>\tAumenta dimensione carattere"
 
-#: gitk:2847
+#: gitk:3082
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-più>\tAumenta dimensione carattere"
 
-#: gitk:2848
+#: gitk:3083
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-KP->\tDiminuisci dimensione carattere"
 
-#: gitk:2849
+#: gitk:3084
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-meno>\tDiminuisci dimensione carattere"
 
-#: gitk:2850
+#: gitk:3085
 msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
 msgstr "<F5>\t\tAggiorna"
 
-#: gitk:3305 gitk:3314
+#: gitk:3550 gitk:3559
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
 msgstr "Errore durante la creazione della directory temporanea %s:"
 
-#: gitk:3327
+#: gitk:3572
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
 msgstr "Errore nella lettura di \"%s\" da %s:"
 
-#: gitk:3390
+#: gitk:3635
 msgid "command failed:"
 msgstr "impossibile eseguire il comando:"
 
-#: gitk:3539
+#: gitk:3784
 msgid "No such commit"
 msgstr "Revisione inesistente"
 
-#: gitk:3553
+#: gitk:3798
 msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
 msgstr "git gui blame: impossibile eseguire il comando:"
 
-#: gitk:3584
+#: gitk:3829
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
 msgstr "Impossibile leggere merge head: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3592
+#: gitk:3837
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error reading index: %s"
 msgstr "Errore nella lettura dell'indice: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3617
+#: gitk:3862
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Impossibile eseguire git blame: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3620 gitk:6409
+#: gitk:3865 gitk:6754
 msgid "Searching"
 msgstr "Ricerca in corso"
 
-#: gitk:3652
+#: gitk:3897
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Errore nell'esecuzione di git blame: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3680
+#: gitk:3925
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
 msgstr "Quella riga proviene dalla revisione %s, non presente in questa vista"
 
-#: gitk:3694
+#: gitk:3939
 msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
 msgstr "Impossibile eseguire il visualizzatore di differenze:"
 
-#: gitk:3812
+#: gitk:4070
 msgid "Gitk view definition"
 msgstr "Scelta vista Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:3816
+#: gitk:4074
 msgid "Remember this view"
 msgstr "Ricorda questa vista"
 
-#: gitk:3817
+#: gitk:4075
 msgid "References (space separated list):"
 msgstr "Riferimenti (lista di elementi separati da spazi)"
 
-#: gitk:3818
+#: gitk:4076
 msgid "Branches & tags:"
 msgstr "Rami ed etichette"
 
-#: gitk:3819
+#: gitk:4077
 msgid "All refs"
 msgstr "Tutti i riferimenti"
 
-#: gitk:3820
+#: gitk:4078
 msgid "All (local) branches"
 msgstr "Tutti i rami (locali)"
 
-#: gitk:3821
+#: gitk:4079
 msgid "All tags"
 msgstr "Tutte le etichette"
 
-#: gitk:3822
+#: gitk:4080
 msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "Tutti i rami remoti"
 
-#: gitk:3823
+#: gitk:4081
 msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
 msgstr "Informazioni sulla revisione (espressioni regolari):"
 
-#: gitk:3824
+#: gitk:4082
 msgid "Author:"
 msgstr "Autore:"
 
-#: gitk:3825
+#: gitk:4083
 msgid "Committer:"
 msgstr "Revisione creata da:"
 
-#: gitk:3826
+#: gitk:4084
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Messaggio di revisione:"
 
-#: gitk:3827
+#: gitk:4085
 msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
 msgstr "Risponde a tutti i criteri di ricerca sulle revisioni"
 
-#: gitk:3828
+#: gitk:4086
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Matches no Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "Risponde a tutti i criteri di ricerca sulle revisioni"
+
+#: gitk:4087
 msgid "Changes to Files:"
 msgstr "Modifiche ai file:"
 
-#: gitk:3829
+#: gitk:4088
 msgid "Fixed String"
 msgstr "Stringa fissa"
 
-#: gitk:3830
+#: gitk:4089
 msgid "Regular Expression"
 msgstr "Espressione regolare"
 
-#: gitk:3831
+#: gitk:4090
 msgid "Search string:"
 msgstr "Cerca stringa:"
 
-#: gitk:3832
+#: gitk:4091
 msgid ""
 "Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
@@ -645,201 +701,201 @@ msgstr ""
 "Date di revisione (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, "
 "2009 15:27:38\"):"
 
-#: gitk:3833
+#: gitk:4092
 msgid "Since:"
 msgstr "Da:"
 
-#: gitk:3834
+#: gitk:4093
 msgid "Until:"
 msgstr "A:"
 
-#: gitk:3835
+#: gitk:4094
 msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
 msgstr "Limita e/o salta N revisioni (intero positivo):"
 
-#: gitk:3836
+#: gitk:4095
 msgid "Number to show:"
 msgstr "Numero di revisioni da mostrare:"
 
-#: gitk:3837
+#: gitk:4096
 msgid "Number to skip:"
 msgstr "Numero di revisioni da saltare:"
 
-#: gitk:3838
+#: gitk:4097
 msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
 msgstr "Altre opzioni:"
 
-#: gitk:3839
+#: gitk:4098
 msgid "Strictly sort by date"
 msgstr "Ordina solo per data"
 
-#: gitk:3840
+#: gitk:4099
 msgid "Mark branch sides"
 msgstr "Segna i lati del ramo"
 
-#: gitk:3841
+#: gitk:4100
 msgid "Limit to first parent"
 msgstr "Limita al primo genitore"
 
-#: gitk:3842
+#: gitk:4101
 msgid "Simple history"
 msgstr "Cronologia semplificata"
 
-#: gitk:3843
+#: gitk:4102
 msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
 msgstr "Ulteriori argomenti da passare a git log:"
 
-#: gitk:3844
+#: gitk:4103
 msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
 msgstr "Inserire file e directory da includere, uno per riga:"
 
-#: gitk:3845
+#: gitk:4104
 msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
 msgstr "Comando che genera altre revisioni da visualizzare:"
 
-#: gitk:3967
+#: gitk:4228
 msgid "Gitk: edit view"
 msgstr "Gitk: modifica vista"
 
-#: gitk:3975
+#: gitk:4236
 msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
 msgstr "-- criteri per la scelta delle revisioni"
 
-#: gitk:3980
+#: gitk:4241
 msgid "View Name"
 msgstr "Nome vista"
 
-#: gitk:4055
+#: gitk:4316
 msgid "Apply (F5)"
 msgstr "Applica (F5)"
 
-#: gitk:4093
+#: gitk:4354
 msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
 msgstr "Errore negli argomenti di selezione delle revisioni:"
 
-#: gitk:4146 gitk:4198 gitk:4646 gitk:4660 gitk:5921 gitk:11534 gitk:11535
+#: gitk:4409 gitk:4462 gitk:4924 gitk:4938 gitk:6208 gitk:12373 gitk:12374
 msgid "None"
 msgstr "Nessuno"
 
-#: gitk:4594 gitk:6441 gitk:8287 gitk:8302
-msgid "Date"
-msgstr "Data"
-
-#: gitk:4594 gitk:6441
-msgid "CDate"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: gitk:4743 gitk:4748
+#: gitk:5021 gitk:5026
 msgid "Descendant"
 msgstr "Discendente"
 
-#: gitk:4744
+#: gitk:5022
 msgid "Not descendant"
 msgstr "Non discendente"
 
-#: gitk:4751 gitk:4756
+#: gitk:5029 gitk:5034
 msgid "Ancestor"
 msgstr "Ascendente"
 
-#: gitk:4752
+#: gitk:5030
 msgid "Not ancestor"
 msgstr "Non ascendente"
 
-#: gitk:5042
+#: gitk:5324
 msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
 msgstr "Modifiche locali presenti nell'indice ma non nell'archivio"
 
-#: gitk:5078
+#: gitk:5360
 msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
 msgstr "Modifiche locali non presenti né nell'archivio né nell'indice"
 
-#: gitk:6759
+#: gitk:7134
+msgid "and many more"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:7137
 msgid "many"
 msgstr "molti"
 
-#: gitk:6942
+#: gitk:7328
 msgid "Tags:"
 msgstr "Etichette:"
 
-#: gitk:6959 gitk:6965 gitk:8280
+#: gitk:7345 gitk:7351 gitk:8825
 msgid "Parent"
 msgstr "Genitore"
 
-#: gitk:6970
+#: gitk:7356
 msgid "Child"
 msgstr "Figlio"
 
-#: gitk:6979
+#: gitk:7365
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "Ramo"
 
-#: gitk:6982
+#: gitk:7368
 msgid "Follows"
 msgstr "Segue"
 
-#: gitk:6985
+#: gitk:7371
 msgid "Precedes"
 msgstr "Precede"
 
-#: gitk:7522
+#: gitk:7966
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
 msgstr "Errore nella lettura delle differenze:"
 
-#: gitk:8108
+#: gitk:8650
 msgid "Goto:"
 msgstr "Vai a:"
 
-#: gitk:8129
+#: gitk:8671
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
 msgstr "La SHA1 id abbreviata %s è ambigua"
 
-#: gitk:8136
+#: gitk:8678
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not known"
 msgstr "La revisione %s è sconosciuta"
 
-#: gitk:8146
+#: gitk:8688
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
 msgstr "La SHA1 id %s è sconosciuta"
 
-#: gitk:8148
+#: gitk:8690
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
 msgstr "La revisione %s non è presente nella vista attuale"
 
-#: gitk:8290
+#: gitk:8832 gitk:8847
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Data"
+
+#: gitk:8835
 msgid "Children"
 msgstr "Figli"
 
-#: gitk:8348
+#: gitk:8898
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
 msgstr "Aggiorna il ramo %s a questa revisione"
 
-#: gitk:8350
+#: gitk:8900
 msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
 msgstr "Nessun ramo attivo: reset impossibile"
 
-#: gitk:8459 gitk:8465
+#: gitk:9005 gitk:9011
 msgid "Skipping merge commit "
 msgstr "Salto la revisione di fusione "
 
-#: gitk:8474 gitk:8479
+#: gitk:9020 gitk:9025
 msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
 msgstr "Errore nella identificazione della patch per "
 
-#: gitk:8475 gitk:8480
+#: gitk:9021 gitk:9026
 msgid " - stopping\n"
 msgstr " - fine\n"
 
-#: gitk:8485 gitk:8488 gitk:8496 gitk:8510 gitk:8519
+#: gitk:9031 gitk:9034 gitk:9042 gitk:9056 gitk:9065
 msgid "Commit "
 msgstr "La revisione "
 
-#: gitk:8489
+#: gitk:9035
 msgid ""
 " is the same patch as\n"
 "       "
@@ -847,7 +903,7 @@ msgstr ""
 " ha le stesse differenze di\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8497
+#: gitk:9043
 msgid ""
 " differs from\n"
 "       "
@@ -855,7 +911,7 @@ msgstr ""
 " è diversa da\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8499
+#: gitk:9045
 msgid ""
 "Diff of commits:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -863,129 +919,129 @@ msgstr ""
 "Differenze tra le revisioni:\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: gitk:8511 gitk:8520
+#: gitk:9057 gitk:9066
 #, tcl-format
 msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
 msgstr " ha %s figli - fine\n"
 
-#: gitk:8539
+#: gitk:9085
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
 msgstr "Errore nella scrittura della revisione nel file: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8545
+#: gitk:9091
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
 msgstr "Errore nelle differenze tra le revisioni: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8575
+#: gitk:9137
 msgid "Top"
 msgstr "Inizio"
 
-#: gitk:8576
+#: gitk:9138
 msgid "From"
 msgstr "Da"
 
-#: gitk:8581
+#: gitk:9143
 msgid "To"
 msgstr "A"
 
-#: gitk:8605
+#: gitk:9167
 msgid "Generate patch"
 msgstr "Genera patch"
 
-#: gitk:8607
+#: gitk:9169
 msgid "From:"
 msgstr "Da:"
 
-#: gitk:8616
+#: gitk:9178
 msgid "To:"
 msgstr "A:"
 
-#: gitk:8625
+#: gitk:9187
 msgid "Reverse"
 msgstr "Inverti"
 
-#: gitk:8627 gitk:8822
+#: gitk:9189 gitk:9385
 msgid "Output file:"
 msgstr "Scrivi sul file:"
 
-#: gitk:8633
+#: gitk:9195
 msgid "Generate"
 msgstr "Genera"
 
-#: gitk:8671
+#: gitk:9233
 msgid "Error creating patch:"
 msgstr "Errore nella creazione della patch:"
 
-#: gitk:8694 gitk:8810 gitk:8867
+#: gitk:9256 gitk:9373 gitk:9430
 msgid "ID:"
 msgstr "ID:"
 
-#: gitk:8703
+#: gitk:9265
 msgid "Tag name:"
 msgstr "Nome etichetta:"
 
-#: gitk:8706
+#: gitk:9268
 msgid "Tag message is optional"
 msgstr "Il messaggio dell'etichetta è opzionale"
 
-#: gitk:8708
+#: gitk:9270
 msgid "Tag message:"
 msgstr "Messaggio dell'etichetta:"
 
-#: gitk:8712 gitk:8876
+#: gitk:9274 gitk:9439
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "Crea"
 
-#: gitk:8730
+#: gitk:9292
 msgid "No tag name specified"
 msgstr "Nessuna etichetta specificata"
 
-#: gitk:8734
+#: gitk:9296
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
 msgstr "L'etichetta \"%s\" esiste già"
 
-#: gitk:8744
+#: gitk:9306
 msgid "Error creating tag:"
 msgstr "Errore nella creazione dell'etichetta:"
 
-#: gitk:8819
+#: gitk:9382
 msgid "Command:"
 msgstr "Comando:"
 
-#: gitk:8827
+#: gitk:9390
 msgid "Write"
 msgstr "Scrivi"
 
-#: gitk:8845
+#: gitk:9408
 msgid "Error writing commit:"
 msgstr "Errore nella scrittura della revisione:"
 
-#: gitk:8872
+#: gitk:9435
 msgid "Name:"
 msgstr "Nome:"
 
-#: gitk:8895
+#: gitk:9458
 msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
 msgstr "Specificare un nome per il nuovo ramo"
 
-#: gitk:8900
+#: gitk:9463
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
 msgstr "Il ramo '%s' esiste già. Sovrascrivere?"
 
-#: gitk:8966
+#: gitk:9530
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
 msgstr "La revisione %s è già inclusa nel ramo %s -- applicarla di nuovo?"
 
-#: gitk:8971
+#: gitk:9535
 msgid "Cherry-picking"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: gitk:8980
+#: gitk:9544
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
@@ -996,7 +1052,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Prima di riprovare, bisogna creare una nuova revisione, annullare le "
 "modifiche o usare 'git stash'."
 
-#: gitk:8986
+#: gitk:9550
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
 "Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
@@ -1004,32 +1060,62 @@ msgstr ""
 "Impossibile eseguire cherry-pick a causa di un conflitto nella fusione.\n"
 "Vuoi avviare git citool per risolverlo?"
 
-#: gitk:9002
+#: gitk:9566 gitk:9624
 msgid "No changes committed"
 msgstr "Nessuna modifica archiviata"
 
-#: gitk:9028
+#: gitk:9593
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is not included in branch %s -- really revert it?"
+msgstr "La revisione %s è già inclusa nel ramo %s -- applicarla di nuovo?"
+
+#: gitk:9598
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Reverting"
+msgstr "git reset in corso"
+
+#: gitk:9606
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of local changes to the following files:%s Please "
+"commit, reset or stash  your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+"Impossibile eseguire cherry-pick perché il file '%s' è stato modificato "
+"nella directory di lavoro.\n"
+"Prima di riprovare, bisogna creare una nuova revisione, annullare le "
+"modifiche o usare 'git stash'."
+
+#: gitk:9610
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+" Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossibile eseguire cherry-pick a causa di un conflitto nella fusione.\n"
+"Vuoi avviare git citool per risolverlo?"
+
+#: gitk:9653
 msgid "Confirm reset"
 msgstr "Conferma git reset"
 
-#: gitk:9030
+#: gitk:9655
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
 msgstr "Aggiornare il ramo %s a %s?"
 
-#: gitk:9032
+#: gitk:9657
 msgid "Reset type:"
 msgstr "Tipo di aggiornamento:"
 
-#: gitk:9035
+#: gitk:9660
 msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
 msgstr "Soft: Lascia la direcory di lavoro e l'indice come sono"
 
-#: gitk:9038
+#: gitk:9663
 msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
 msgstr "Mixed: Lascia la directory di lavoro come è, aggiorna l'indice"
 
-#: gitk:9041
+#: gitk:9666
 msgid ""
 "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
 "(discard ALL local changes)"
@@ -1037,19 +1123,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "Hard: Aggiorna la directory di lavoro e l'indice\n"
 "(abbandona TUTTE le modifiche locali)"
 
-#: gitk:9058
+#: gitk:9683
 msgid "Resetting"
 msgstr "git reset in corso"
 
-#: gitk:9118
+#: gitk:9743
 msgid "Checking out"
 msgstr "Attivazione in corso"
 
-#: gitk:9171
+#: gitk:9796
 msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
 msgstr "Impossibile cancellare il ramo attualmente attivo"
 
-#: gitk:9177
+#: gitk:9802
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
@@ -1058,16 +1144,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "Le revisioni nel ramo %s non sono presenti su altri rami.\n"
 "Cancellare il ramo %s?"
 
-#: gitk:9208
+#: gitk:9833
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
 msgstr "Etichette e rami: %s"
 
-#: gitk:9223
+#: gitk:9850
 msgid "Filter"
 msgstr "Filtro"
 
-#: gitk:9518
+#: gitk:10146
 msgid ""
 "Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
 "tag information will be incomplete."
@@ -1075,202 +1161,227 @@ msgstr ""
 "Errore nella lettura della topologia delle revisioni: le informazioni sul "
 "ramo e le etichette precedenti e seguenti saranno incomplete."
 
-#: gitk:10504
+#: gitk:11123
 msgid "Tag"
 msgstr "Etichetta"
 
-#: gitk:10504
+#: gitk:11127
 msgid "Id"
 msgstr "Id"
 
-#: gitk:10554
+#: gitk:11210
 msgid "Gitk font chooser"
 msgstr "Scelta caratteri gitk"
 
-#: gitk:10571
+#: gitk:11227
 msgid "B"
 msgstr "B"
 
-#: gitk:10574
+#: gitk:11230
 msgid "I"
 msgstr "I"
 
-#: gitk:10692
-msgid "Gitk preferences"
-msgstr "Preferenze gitk"
-
-#: gitk:10694
+#: gitk:11348
 msgid "Commit list display options"
 msgstr "Opzioni visualizzazione dell'elenco revisioni"
 
-#: gitk:10697
+#: gitk:11351
 msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
 msgstr "Larghezza massima del grafico (in linee)"
 
-#: gitk:10700
-#, tcl-format
+#: gitk:11355
+#, no-tcl-format
 msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
 msgstr "Larghezza massima del grafico (% del pannello)"
 
-#: gitk:10703
+#: gitk:11358
 msgid "Show local changes"
 msgstr "Mostra modifiche locali"
 
-#: gitk:10706
-msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
+#: gitk:11361
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"
 msgstr "Seleziona automaticamente SHA1 hash"
 
-#: gitk:10709
+#: gitk:11365
 msgid "Hide remote refs"
 msgstr "Nascondi i riferimenti remoti"
 
-#: gitk:10713
+#: gitk:11369
 msgid "Diff display options"
 msgstr "Opzioni di visualizzazione delle differenze"
 
-#: gitk:10715
+#: gitk:11371
 msgid "Tab spacing"
 msgstr "Spaziatura tabulazioni"
 
-#: gitk:10718
-msgid "Display nearby tags"
+#: gitk:11374
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Display nearby tags/heads"
 msgstr "Mostra etichette vicine"
 
-#: gitk:10721
+#: gitk:11377
+msgid "Maximum # tags/heads to show"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11380
 msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
 msgstr "Limita le differenze ai percorsi elencati"
 
-#: gitk:10724
+#: gitk:11383
 msgid "Support per-file encodings"
 msgstr "Attiva codifica file per file"
 
-#: gitk:10730 gitk:10819
+#: gitk:11389 gitk:11536
 msgid "External diff tool"
 msgstr "Visualizzatore di differenze"
 
-#: gitk:10731
+#: gitk:11390
 msgid "Choose..."
 msgstr "Scegli..."
 
-#: gitk:10736
+#: gitk:11395
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Opzioni generali"
 
-#: gitk:10739
+#: gitk:11398
 msgid "Use themed widgets"
 msgstr "Utilizza interfaccia a tema"
 
-#: gitk:10741
+#: gitk:11400
 msgid "(change requires restart)"
 msgstr "(una modifica richiede il riavvio)"
 
-#: gitk:10743
+#: gitk:11402
 msgid "(currently unavailable)"
 msgstr "(momentaneamente non disponibile)"
 
-#: gitk:10747
+#: gitk:11413
 msgid "Colors: press to choose"
 msgstr "Colori: premere per scegliere"
 
-#: gitk:10750
+#: gitk:11416
 msgid "Interface"
 msgstr "Interfaccia"
 
-#: gitk:10751
+#: gitk:11417
 msgid "interface"
 msgstr "interfaccia"
 
-#: gitk:10754
+#: gitk:11420
 msgid "Background"
 msgstr "Sfondo"
 
-#: gitk:10755 gitk:10785
+#: gitk:11421 gitk:11451
 msgid "background"
 msgstr "sfondo"
 
-#: gitk:10758
+#: gitk:11424
 msgid "Foreground"
 msgstr "Primo piano"
 
-#: gitk:10759
+#: gitk:11425
 msgid "foreground"
 msgstr "primo piano"
 
-#: gitk:10762
+#: gitk:11428
 msgid "Diff: old lines"
 msgstr "Diff: vecchie linee"
 
-#: gitk:10763
+#: gitk:11429
 msgid "diff old lines"
 msgstr "vecchie linee"
 
-#: gitk:10767
+#: gitk:11433
 msgid "Diff: new lines"
 msgstr "Diff: nuove linee"
 
-#: gitk:10768
+#: gitk:11434
 msgid "diff new lines"
 msgstr "nuove linee"
 
-#: gitk:10772
+#: gitk:11438
 msgid "Diff: hunk header"
 msgstr "Diff: intestazione della sezione"
 
-#: gitk:10774
+#: gitk:11440
 msgid "diff hunk header"
 msgstr "intestazione della sezione"
 
-#: gitk:10778
+#: gitk:11444
 msgid "Marked line bg"
 msgstr "Sfondo riga selezionata"
 
-#: gitk:10780
+#: gitk:11446
 msgid "marked line background"
 msgstr "sfondo riga selezionata"
 
-#: gitk:10784
+#: gitk:11450
 msgid "Select bg"
 msgstr "Sfondo"
 
-#: gitk:10788
+#: gitk:11459
 msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
 msgstr "Carattere: premere per scegliere"
 
-#: gitk:10790
+#: gitk:11461
 msgid "Main font"
 msgstr "Carattere principale"
 
-#: gitk:10791
+#: gitk:11462
 msgid "Diff display font"
 msgstr "Carattere per differenze"
 
-#: gitk:10792
+#: gitk:11463
 msgid "User interface font"
 msgstr "Carattere per interfaccia utente"
 
-#: gitk:10829
+#: gitk:11485
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "Preferenze gitk"
+
+#: gitk:11494
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "General"
+msgstr "Genera"
+
+#: gitk:11495
+msgid "Colors"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11496
+msgid "Fonts"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11546
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
 msgstr "Gitk: scegliere un colore per %s"
 
-#: gitk:11433
+#: gitk:12059
+msgid ""
+"Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:12269
 msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
 msgstr "Archivio git non trovato."
 
-#: gitk:11437
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
-msgstr "Directory git \"%s\" non trovata."
-
-#: gitk:11484
+#: gitk:12316
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
 msgstr "Argomento ambiguo: '%s' è sia revisione che nome di file"
 
-#: gitk:11496
+#: gitk:12328
 msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
 msgstr "Gitk: argomenti errati:"
 
-#: gitk:11587
-msgid "Command line"
-msgstr "Linea di comando"
+#~ msgid "next"
+#~ msgstr "succ"
+
+#~ msgid "prev"
+#~ msgstr "prec"
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
+#~ msgstr "Directory git \"%s\" non trovata."
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/ja.po b/gitk-git/po/ja.po
index 4f4705164c..ca3c29b457 100644
--- a/gitk-git/po/ja.po
+++ b/gitk-git/po/ja.po
@@ -1,41 +1,52 @@
 # Japanese translations for gitk package.
-# Copyright (C) 2005-2009 Paul Mackerras
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2015 Paul Mackerras
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the gitk package.
 #
 # Mizar <mizar.jp@gmail.com>, 2009.
 # Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>, 2009.
+# YOKOTA Hiroshi <yokota@netlab.cs.tsukuba.ac.jp>, 2015.
+# Satoshi Yasushima <s.yasushima@gmail.com>, 2016.
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: gitk\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2009-11-04 00:08+0900\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-11-06 01:45+0900\n"
-"Last-Translator: Mizar <mizar.jp@gmail.com>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-05-17 14:32+1000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-11-12 13:00+0900\n"
+"Last-Translator: Satoshi Yasushima <s.yasushima@gmail.com>\n"
 "Language-Team: Japanese\n"
+"Language: ja\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
 
-#: gitk:113
+#: gitk:140
 msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
 msgstr "マージ�れ����ファイル�リストを�得����ん:"
 
-#: gitk:269
+#: gitk:212 gitk:2381
+msgid "Color words"
+msgstr "変更を�色"
+
+#: gitk:217 gitk:2381 gitk:8221 gitk:8254
+msgid "Markup words"
+msgstr "変更をマークアップ"
+
+#: gitk:324
 msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
 msgstr "リビジョン解�エラー:"
 
-#: gitk:324
+#: gitk:380
 msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
 msgstr "--argscmd コマンド実行エラー:"
 
-#: gitk:337
+#: gitk:393
 msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
 msgstr ""
 "ファイル未�択: --merge �指定�れ�����マージ�れ����ファイル��り"
 "��ん。"
 
-#: gitk:340
+#: gitk:396
 msgid ""
 "No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
 "limit."
@@ -43,600 +54,654 @@ msgstr ""
 "ファイル未�択: --merge �指定�れ�����ファイル制�内�マージ�れ���"
 "�ファイル��り��ん。"
 
-#: gitk:362 gitk:509
+#: gitk:418 gitk:566
 msgid "Error executing git log:"
 msgstr "git log 実行エラー:"
 
-#: gitk:380 gitk:525
+#: gitk:436 gitk:582
 msgid "Reading"
 msgstr "読�込�中"
 
-#: gitk:440 gitk:4132
+#: gitk:496 gitk:4526
 msgid "Reading commits..."
 msgstr "コミット読�込�中..."
 
-#: gitk:443 gitk:1561 gitk:4135
+#: gitk:499 gitk:1637 gitk:4529
 msgid "No commits selected"
 msgstr "コミット��択�れ����ん"
 
-#: gitk:1437
+#: gitk:1445 gitk:4046 gitk:12447
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "コマンド行"
+
+#: gitk:1511
 msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
 msgstr "git log �出力を解�����ん:"
 
-#: gitk:1657
+#: gitk:1740
 msgid "No commit information available"
 msgstr "有効�コミット�情報��り��ん"
 
-#: gitk:1790
-msgid "mc"
-msgstr "mc"
-
-#: gitk:1817 gitk:3925 gitk:8842 gitk:10378 gitk:10558
+#: gitk:1903 gitk:1932 gitk:4316 gitk:9684 gitk:11256 gitk:11536
 msgid "OK"
 msgstr "OK"
 
-#: gitk:1819 gitk:3927 gitk:8439 gitk:8513 gitk:8623 gitk:8672 gitk:8844
-#: gitk:10379 gitk:10559
+#: gitk:1934 gitk:4318 gitk:9197 gitk:9276 gitk:9406 gitk:9455 gitk:9686
+#: gitk:11257 gitk:11537
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "キャンセル"
 
-#: gitk:1919
-msgid "Update"
-msgstr "æ›´æ–°"
+#: gitk:2069
+msgid "&Update"
+msgstr "æ›´æ–°(&U)"
 
-#: gitk:1920
-msgid "Reload"
-msgstr "リロード"
+#: gitk:2070
+msgid "&Reload"
+msgstr "リロード(&R)"
 
-#: gitk:1921
-msgid "Reread references"
-msgstr "リファレンスを�読�込�"
+#: gitk:2071
+msgid "Reread re&ferences"
+msgstr "リファレンスを�読�込�(&F)"
 
-#: gitk:1922
-msgid "List references"
-msgstr "リファレンスリストを表示"
+#: gitk:2072
+msgid "&List references"
+msgstr "リファレンスリストを表示(&L)"
 
-#: gitk:1924
-msgid "Start git gui"
-msgstr "git gui �開始"
+#: gitk:2074
+msgid "Start git &gui"
+msgstr "git gui �開始(&G)"
 
-#: gitk:1926
-msgid "Quit"
-msgstr "終了"
+#: gitk:2076
+msgid "&Quit"
+msgstr "終了(&Q)"
 
-#: gitk:1918
-msgid "File"
-msgstr "ファイル"
+#: gitk:2068
+msgid "&File"
+msgstr "ファイル(&F)"
 
-#: gitk:1930
-msgid "Preferences"
-msgstr "設定"
+#: gitk:2080
+msgid "&Preferences"
+msgstr "設定(&P)"
 
-#: gitk:1929
-msgid "Edit"
-msgstr "編集"
+#: gitk:2079
+msgid "&Edit"
+msgstr "編集(&E)"
 
-#: gitk:1934
-msgid "New view..."
-msgstr "新�ビュー..."
+#: gitk:2084
+msgid "&New view..."
+msgstr "新�ビュー(&N)..."
 
-#: gitk:1935
-msgid "Edit view..."
-msgstr "ビュー編集..."
+#: gitk:2085
+msgid "&Edit view..."
+msgstr "ビュー編集(&E)..."
 
-#: gitk:1936
-msgid "Delete view"
-msgstr "ビュー削除"
+#: gitk:2086
+msgid "&Delete view"
+msgstr "ビュー削除(&D)"
 
-#: gitk:1938
-msgid "All files"
-msgstr "全��ファイル"
+#: gitk:2088
+msgid "&All files"
+msgstr "全��ファイル(&A)"
 
-#: gitk:1933 gitk:3679
-msgid "View"
-msgstr "ビュー"
+#: gitk:2083
+msgid "&View"
+msgstr "ビュー(&V)"
 
-#: gitk:1943 gitk:1953 gitk:2656
-msgid "About gitk"
-msgstr "gitk ����"
+#: gitk:2093 gitk:2103
+msgid "&About gitk"
+msgstr "gitk ����(&A)"
 
-#: gitk:1944 gitk:1958
-msgid "Key bindings"
-msgstr "キー�インディング"
+#: gitk:2094 gitk:2108
+msgid "&Key bindings"
+msgstr "キー�インディング(&K)"
 
-#: gitk:1942 gitk:1957
-msgid "Help"
-msgstr "ヘルプ"
+#: gitk:2092 gitk:2107
+msgid "&Help"
+msgstr "ヘルプ(&H)"
 
-#: gitk:2018
-msgid "SHA1 ID: "
-msgstr "SHA1 ID: "
+#: gitk:2185 gitk:8653
+msgid "SHA1 ID:"
+msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
 
-#: gitk:2049
+#: gitk:2229
 msgid "Row"
 msgstr "行"
 
-#: gitk:2080
+#: gitk:2267
 msgid "Find"
 msgstr "検索"
 
-#: gitk:2081
-msgid "next"
-msgstr "次"
-
-#: gitk:2082
-msgid "prev"
-msgstr "�"
-
-#: gitk:2083
+#: gitk:2295
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "コミット"
 
-#: gitk:2086 gitk:2088 gitk:4293 gitk:4316 gitk:4340 gitk:6281 gitk:6353
-#: gitk:6437
+#: gitk:2299 gitk:2301 gitk:4688 gitk:4711 gitk:4735 gitk:6756 gitk:6828
+#: gitk:6913
 msgid "containing:"
 msgstr "�む:"
 
-#: gitk:2089 gitk:3164 gitk:3169 gitk:4368
+#: gitk:2302 gitk:3527 gitk:3532 gitk:4764
 msgid "touching paths:"
 msgstr "パス�一部:"
 
-#: gitk:2090 gitk:4373
+#: gitk:2303 gitk:4778
 msgid "adding/removing string:"
-msgstr "追加/除去�る文字列:"
+msgstr "追加/除去�れる文字列:"
+
+#: gitk:2304 gitk:4780
+msgid "changing lines matching:"
+msgstr "変更�れる文字列"
 
-#: gitk:2099 gitk:2101
+#: gitk:2313 gitk:2315 gitk:4767
 msgid "Exact"
 msgstr "英字�大�を区別�る"
 
-#: gitk:2101 gitk:4448 gitk:6249
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4855 gitk:6724
 msgid "IgnCase"
 msgstr "英字�大�を区別���"
 
-#: gitk:2101 gitk:4342 gitk:4446 gitk:6245
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4737 gitk:4853 gitk:6720
 msgid "Regexp"
 msgstr "正�表�"
 
-#: gitk:2103 gitk:2104 gitk:4467 gitk:4497 gitk:4504 gitk:6373 gitk:6441
+#: gitk:2317 gitk:2318 gitk:4875 gitk:4905 gitk:4912 gitk:6849 gitk:6917
 msgid "All fields"
 msgstr "全��項目"
 
-#: gitk:2104 gitk:4465 gitk:4497 gitk:6312
+#: gitk:2318 gitk:4872 gitk:4905 gitk:6787
 msgid "Headline"
 msgstr "ヘッドライン"
 
-#: gitk:2105 gitk:4465 gitk:6312 gitk:6441 gitk:6875
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4872 gitk:6787 gitk:6917 gitk:7390
 msgid "Comments"
 msgstr "コメント"
 
-#: gitk:2105 gitk:4465 gitk:4469 gitk:4504 gitk:6312 gitk:6810 gitk:8091
-#: gitk:8106
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4872 gitk:4877 gitk:4912 gitk:6787 gitk:7325 gitk:8831
+#: gitk:8846
 msgid "Author"
 msgstr "作者"
 
-#: gitk:2105 gitk:4465 gitk:6312 gitk:6812
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4872 gitk:6787 gitk:7327
 msgid "Committer"
 msgstr "コミット者"
 
-#: gitk:2134
+#: gitk:2350
 msgid "Search"
 msgstr "検索"
 
-#: gitk:2141
+#: gitk:2358
 msgid "Diff"
 msgstr "Diff"
 
-#: gitk:2143
+#: gitk:2360
 msgid "Old version"
 msgstr "旧�ージョン"
 
-#: gitk:2145
+#: gitk:2362
 msgid "New version"
 msgstr "新�ージョン"
 
-#: gitk:2147
+#: gitk:2364
 msgid "Lines of context"
 msgstr "文脈行数"
 
-#: gitk:2157
+#: gitk:2374
 msgid "Ignore space change"
 msgstr "空白���を無視"
 
-#: gitk:2215
+#: gitk:2378 gitk:2380 gitk:7960 gitk:8207
+msgid "Line diff"
+msgstr "行毎�diff"
+
+#: gitk:2445
 msgid "Patch"
 msgstr "パッ�"
 
-#: gitk:2217
+#: gitk:2447
 msgid "Tree"
 msgstr "ツリー"
 
-#: gitk:2361 gitk:2378
+#: gitk:2617 gitk:2638
 msgid "Diff this -> selected"
 msgstr "�れ��択��コミット�diffを見る"
 
-#: gitk:2362 gitk:2379
+#: gitk:2618 gitk:2639
 msgid "Diff selected -> this"
 msgstr "�択��コミット��れ�diffを見る"
 
-#: gitk:2363 gitk:2380
+#: gitk:2619 gitk:2640
 msgid "Make patch"
 msgstr "パッ�作�"
 
-#: gitk:2364 gitk:8497
+#: gitk:2620 gitk:9255
 msgid "Create tag"
 msgstr "タグ生�"
 
-#: gitk:2365 gitk:8603
+#: gitk:2621
+msgid "Copy commit summary"
+msgstr "コミット��約をコピー�る"
+
+#: gitk:2622 gitk:9386
 msgid "Write commit to file"
 msgstr "コミットをファイル�書�出�"
 
-#: gitk:2366 gitk:8660
+#: gitk:2623 gitk:9443
 msgid "Create new branch"
 msgstr "新�ブラン�生�"
 
-#: gitk:2367
+#: gitk:2624
 msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
 msgstr "��コミットを�ェリーピック�る"
 
-#: gitk:2368
+#: gitk:2625
 msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
 msgstr "ブラン��HEADを���リセット�る"
 
-#: gitk:2369
+#: gitk:2626
 msgid "Mark this commit"
 msgstr "��コミット�マークを��る"
 
-#: gitk:2370
+#: gitk:2627
 msgid "Return to mark"
 msgstr "マークを付��所�戻る"
 
-#: gitk:2371
+#: gitk:2628
 msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
 msgstr "�れ�マークを���所���孫を見��る"
 
-#: gitk:2372
+#: gitk:2629
 msgid "Compare with marked commit"
 msgstr "マークを付��コミット�比較�る"
 
-#: gitk:2386
+#: gitk:2630 gitk:2641
+msgid "Diff this -> marked commit"
+msgstr "�れ�マークを付��コミット�diffを見る"
+
+#: gitk:2631 gitk:2642
+msgid "Diff marked commit -> this"
+msgstr "マークを付��コミット��れ�diffを見る"
+
+#: gitk:2632
+msgid "Revert this commit"
+msgstr "��コミットを撤回�る"
+
+#: gitk:2648
 msgid "Check out this branch"
 msgstr "��ブラン�を�ェックアウト�る"
 
-#: gitk:2387
+#: gitk:2649
 msgid "Remove this branch"
 msgstr "��ブラン�を除去�る"
 
-#: gitk:2394
+#: gitk:2650
+msgid "Copy branch name"
+msgstr "ブラン��をコピー�る"
+
+#: gitk:2657
 msgid "Highlight this too"
 msgstr "�れも�イライト��る"
 
-#: gitk:2395
+#: gitk:2658
 msgid "Highlight this only"
 msgstr "�れ��を�イライト��る"
 
-#: gitk:2396
+#: gitk:2659
 msgid "External diff"
 msgstr "外部diffツール"
 
-#: gitk:2397
+#: gitk:2660
 msgid "Blame parent commit"
 msgstr "親コミット�ら blame を��る"
 
-#: gitk:2404
+#: gitk:2661
+msgid "Copy path"
+msgstr "パス�をコピー�る"
+
+#: gitk:2668
 msgid "Show origin of this line"
 msgstr "��行�出自を表示�る"
 
-#: gitk:2405
+#: gitk:2669
 msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
 msgstr "��行� git gui � blame を��る"
 
-#: gitk:2658
+#: gitk:3013
+msgid "About gitk"
+msgstr "gitk ����"
+
+#: gitk:3015
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - gitコミットビューア\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "使用�よ���布� GNU General Public License �従������"
 
-#: gitk:2666 gitk:2728 gitk:9025
+#: gitk:3023 gitk:3090 gitk:9872
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "閉�る"
 
-#: gitk:2685
+#: gitk:3044
 msgid "Gitk key bindings"
 msgstr "Gitk キー�インディング"
 
-#: gitk:2688
+#: gitk:3047
 msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
 msgstr "Gitk キー�インディング:"
 
-#: gitk:2690
+#: gitk:3049
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
 msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\t終了"
 
-#: gitk:2691
+#: gitk:3050
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-W>\t\tClose window"
+msgstr "<%s-W>\t\tウィンドウを閉�る"
+
+#: gitk:3051
 msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
 msgstr "<Home>\t\t最��コミット�移動"
 
-#: gitk:2692
+#: gitk:3052
 msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
 msgstr "<End>\t\t最後�コミット�移動"
 
-#: gitk:2693
-msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
-msgstr "<Up>, p, i\t一�上�コミット�移動"
+#: gitk:3053
+msgid "<Up>, p, k\tMove up one commit"
+msgstr "<Up>, p, k\t一�上�コミット�移動"
 
-#: gitk:2694
-msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
-msgstr "<Down>, n, k\t一�下�コミット�移動"
+#: gitk:3054
+msgid "<Down>, n, j\tMove down one commit"
+msgstr "<Down>, n, j\t一�下�コミット�移動"
 
-#: gitk:2695
-msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
-msgstr "<Left>, z, j\t履歴���戻る"
+#: gitk:3055
+msgid "<Left>, z, h\tGo back in history list"
+msgstr "<Left>, z, h\t履歴���戻る"
 
-#: gitk:2696
+#: gitk:3056
 msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
 msgstr "<Right>, x, l\t履歴�次�進む"
 
-#: gitk:2697
+#: gitk:3057
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-n>\tGo to n-th parent of current commit in history list"
+msgstr "<%s-n(数字)>\t履歴上��在�コミット�親コミット�内�n(数字)番目�コミット�移動"
+
+#: gitk:3058
 msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageUp>\tコミットリスト�一�上�ページ�移動"
 
-#: gitk:2698
+#: gitk:3059
 msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageDown>\tコミットリスト�一�下�ページ�移動"
 
-#: gitk:2699
+#: gitk:3060
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Home>\tコミットリスト�一番上�スクロール�る"
 
-#: gitk:2700
+#: gitk:3061
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-End>\tコミットリスト�一番下�スクロール�る"
 
-#: gitk:2701
+#: gitk:3062
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Up>\tコミットリスト�一�下�行�スクロール�る"
 
-#: gitk:2702
+#: gitk:3063
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Down>\tコミットリスト�一�下�行�スクロール�る"
 
-#: gitk:2703
+#: gitk:3064
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tコミットリスト�上�ページ�スクロール�る"
 
-#: gitk:2704
+#: gitk:3065
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tコミットリスト�下�ページ�スクロール�る"
 
-#: gitk:2705
+#: gitk:3066
 msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
 msgstr "<Shift-Up>\t後方を検索 (上方�・新��コミット)"
 
-#: gitk:2706
+#: gitk:3067
 msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
 msgstr "<Shift-Down>\t�方を検索（下方�・��コミット）"
 
-#: gitk:2707
+#: gitk:3068
 msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Delete>, b\tdiff画�を上�ページ�スクロール�る"
 
-#: gitk:2708
+#: gitk:3069
 msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Backspace>\tdiff画�を上�ページ�スクロール�る"
 
-#: gitk:2709
+#: gitk:3070
 msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
 msgstr "<Space>\t\tdiff画�を下�ページ�スクロール�る"
 
-#: gitk:2710
+#: gitk:3071
 msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
 msgstr "u\t\tdiff画�を上�18行スクロール�る"
 
-#: gitk:2711
+#: gitk:3072
 msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
 msgstr "d\t\tdiff画�を下�18行スクロール�る"
 
-#: gitk:2712
+#: gitk:3073
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
 msgstr "<%s-F>\t\t検索"
 
-#: gitk:2713
+#: gitk:3074
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<%s-G>\t\t次を検索��移動"
 
-#: gitk:2714
+#: gitk:3075
 msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<Return>\t次を検索��移動"
 
-#: gitk:2715
+#: gitk:3076
+msgid "g\t\tGo to commit"
+msgstr "g\t\t指定��コミット�移動"
+
+#: gitk:3077
 msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
 msgstr "/\t\t検索ボックス�フォーカス"
 
-#: gitk:2716
+#: gitk:3078
 msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
 msgstr "?\t\t�を検索��移動"
 
-#: gitk:2717
+#: gitk:3079
 msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
 msgstr "f\t\t次�ファイル�diff画�をスクロール�る"
 
-#: gitk:2718
+#: gitk:3080
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tdiff画��次を検索"
 
-#: gitk:2719
+#: gitk:3081
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tdiff画���を検索"
 
-#: gitk:2720
+#: gitk:3082
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-KP+>\t文字サイズを拡大"
 
-#: gitk:2721
+#: gitk:3083
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-plus>\t文字サイズを拡大"
 
-#: gitk:2722
+#: gitk:3084
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-KP->\t文字サイズを縮�"
 
-#: gitk:2723
+#: gitk:3085
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-minus>\t文字サイズを縮�"
 
-#: gitk:2724
+#: gitk:3086
 msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
 msgstr "<F5>\t\tæ›´æ–°"
 
-#: gitk:3179 gitk:3188
+#: gitk:3551 gitk:3560
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
 msgstr "一時ディレクトリ %s 生�時エラー:"
 
-#: gitk:3201
+#: gitk:3573
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
 msgstr "\"%s\" �エラー� %s �発生:"
 
-#: gitk:3264
+#: gitk:3636
 msgid "command failed:"
 msgstr "コマンド失敗:"
 
-#: gitk:3410
+#: gitk:3785
 msgid "No such commit"
 msgstr "��よ��コミット��り��ん"
 
-#: gitk:3424
+#: gitk:3799
 msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
 msgstr "git gui blame: コマンド失敗:"
 
-#: gitk:3455
+#: gitk:3830
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
 msgstr "マージ�る HEAD を読�込���ん: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3463
+#: gitk:3838
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error reading index: %s"
 msgstr "インデックス読�込�エラー: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3488
+#: gitk:3863
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
 msgstr "git blame を始�られ��ん: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3491 gitk:6280
+#: gitk:3866 gitk:6755
 msgid "Searching"
 msgstr "検索中"
 
-#: gitk:3523
+#: gitk:3898
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
 msgstr "git blame 実行エラー: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3551
+#: gitk:3926
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
 msgstr "コミット %s �由��る��行����ビュー�表示�れ����ん"
 
-#: gitk:3565
+#: gitk:3940
 msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
 msgstr "外部diffビューア�失敗:"
 
-#: gitk:3683
+#: gitk:4044
+msgid "All files"
+msgstr "全��ファイル"
+
+#: gitk:4068
+msgid "View"
+msgstr "ビュー"
+
+#: gitk:4071
 msgid "Gitk view definition"
 msgstr "Gitk ビュー定義"
 
-#: gitk:3687
+#: gitk:4075
 msgid "Remember this view"
 msgstr "��ビューを記憶�る"
 
-#: gitk:3688
+#: gitk:4076
 msgid "References (space separated list):"
 msgstr "リファレンス（スペース区切り�リスト）:"
 
-#: gitk:3689
+#: gitk:4077
 msgid "Branches & tags:"
 msgstr "ブラン�＆タグ:"
 
-#: gitk:3690
+#: gitk:4078
 msgid "All refs"
 msgstr "全��リファレンス"
 
-#: gitk:3691
+#: gitk:4079
 msgid "All (local) branches"
 msgstr "全��（ローカル�）ブラン�"
 
-#: gitk:3692
+#: gitk:4080
 msgid "All tags"
 msgstr "全��タグ"
 
-#: gitk:3693
+#: gitk:4081
 msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "全��リモート追跡ブラン�"
 
-#: gitk:3694
+#: gitk:4082
 msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
 msgstr "コミット情報（正�表�）:"
 
-#: gitk:3695
+#: gitk:4083
 msgid "Author:"
 msgstr "作者:"
 
-#: gitk:3696
+#: gitk:4084
 msgid "Committer:"
 msgstr "コミット者:"
 
-#: gitk:3697
+#: gitk:4085
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "コミットメッセージ:"
 
-#: gitk:3698
+#: gitk:4086
 msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
 msgstr "コミット情報�全���件�一致"
 
-#: gitk:3699
+#: gitk:4087
+msgid "Matches no Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "コミット情報�全���件��一致"
+
+#: gitk:4088
 msgid "Changes to Files:"
 msgstr "変更��ファイル:"
 
-#: gitk:3700
+#: gitk:4089
 msgid "Fixed String"
 msgstr "固定文字列"
 
-#: gitk:3701
+#: gitk:4090
 msgid "Regular Expression"
 msgstr "正�表�"
 
-#: gitk:3702
+#: gitk:4091
 msgid "Search string:"
 msgstr "検索文字列:"
 
-#: gitk:3703
+#: gitk:4092
 msgid ""
 "Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
@@ -644,205 +709,201 @@ msgstr ""
 "コミット日時 (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
 
-#: gitk:3704
+#: gitk:4093
 msgid "Since:"
 msgstr "期間�始�:"
 
-#: gitk:3705
+#: gitk:4094
 msgid "Until:"
 msgstr "期間�終�り:"
 
-#: gitk:3706
+#: gitk:4095
 msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
 msgstr "制�・�略�るリビジョン�数（正�整数）:"
 
-#: gitk:3707
+#: gitk:4096
 msgid "Number to show:"
 msgstr "表示�る数:"
 
-#: gitk:3708
+#: gitk:4097
 msgid "Number to skip:"
 msgstr "�略�る数:"
 
-#: gitk:3709
+#: gitk:4098
 msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
 msgstr "��他�オプション:"
 
-#: gitk:3710
+#: gitk:4099
 msgid "Strictly sort by date"
 msgstr "厳密�日付順�並�替�"
 
-#: gitk:3711
+#: gitk:4100
 msgid "Mark branch sides"
 msgstr "��マーク"
 
-#: gitk:3712
+#: gitk:4101
 msgid "Limit to first parent"
 msgstr "最��親�制�"
 
-#: gitk:3713
+#: gitk:4102
 msgid "Simple history"
 msgstr "簡易�履歴"
 
-#: gitk:3714
+#: gitk:4103
 msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
 msgstr "git log ��追加�引数:"
 
-#: gitk:3715
+#: gitk:4104
 msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
 msgstr "��れるファイル・ディレクトリを一行���入力:"
 
-#: gitk:3716
+#: gitk:4105
 msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
 msgstr "コミット追加コマンド:"
 
-#: gitk:3838
+#: gitk:4229
 msgid "Gitk: edit view"
 msgstr "Gitk: ビュー編集"
 
-#: gitk:3846
+#: gitk:4237
 msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
 msgstr "― リビジョン��択�件"
 
-#: gitk:3851
-msgid "View Name:"
+#: gitk:4242
+msgid "View Name"
 msgstr "ビュー�:"
 
-#: gitk:3926
+#: gitk:4317
 msgid "Apply (F5)"
 msgstr "�用 (F5)"
 
-#: gitk:3964
+#: gitk:4355
 msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
 msgstr "コミット�択引数�エラー:"
 
-#: gitk:4017 gitk:4069 gitk:4517 gitk:4531 gitk:5792 gitk:11263 gitk:11264
+#: gitk:4410 gitk:4463 gitk:4925 gitk:4939 gitk:6209 gitk:12388 gitk:12389
 msgid "None"
 msgstr "無�"
 
-#: gitk:4465 gitk:6312 gitk:8093 gitk:8108
-msgid "Date"
-msgstr "日付"
-
-#: gitk:4465 gitk:6312
-msgid "CDate"
-msgstr "作�日"
-
-#: gitk:4614 gitk:4619
+#: gitk:5022 gitk:5027
 msgid "Descendant"
 msgstr "�孫"
 
-#: gitk:4615
+#: gitk:5023
 msgid "Not descendant"
 msgstr "��孫"
 
-#: gitk:4622 gitk:4627
+#: gitk:5030 gitk:5035
 msgid "Ancestor"
 msgstr "祖先"
 
-#: gitk:4623
+#: gitk:5031
 msgid "Not ancestor"
 msgstr "�祖先"
 
-#: gitk:4913
+#: gitk:5325
 msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
 msgstr "ステージ�れ��コミット��ローカル�変更"
 
-#: gitk:4949
+#: gitk:5361
 msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
 msgstr "ステージ�れ�����コミット��ローカル�変更"
 
-#: gitk:6630
+#: gitk:7135
+msgid "and many more"
+msgstr "他多数"
+
+#: gitk:7138
 msgid "many"
 msgstr "多数"
 
-#: gitk:6814
+#: gitk:7329
 msgid "Tags:"
 msgstr "ã‚¿ã‚°:"
 
-#: gitk:6831 gitk:6837 gitk:8086
+#: gitk:7346 gitk:7352 gitk:8826
 msgid "Parent"
 msgstr "親"
 
-#: gitk:6842
+#: gitk:7357
 msgid "Child"
 msgstr "å­�"
 
-#: gitk:6851
+#: gitk:7366
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "ブラン�"
 
-#: gitk:6854
+#: gitk:7369
 msgid "Follows"
 msgstr "下�"
 
-#: gitk:6857
+#: gitk:7372
 msgid "Precedes"
 msgstr "上�"
 
-#: gitk:7359
+#: gitk:7967
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
 msgstr "diff�得エラー: %s"
 
-#: gitk:7914
+#: gitk:8651
 msgid "Goto:"
 msgstr "Goto:"
 
-#: gitk:7916
-msgid "SHA1 ID:"
-msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
-
-#: gitk:7935
+#: gitk:8672
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
 msgstr "%s を�む SHA1 ID �複数存在���"
 
-#: gitk:7942
+#: gitk:8679
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not known"
 msgstr "リビジョン %s ��明��"
 
-#: gitk:7952
+#: gitk:8689
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
 msgstr "SHA1 id %s ��明��"
 
-#: gitk:7954
+#: gitk:8691
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
 msgstr "リビジョン %s ��在�ビュー���り��ん"
 
-#: gitk:8096
+#: gitk:8833 gitk:8848
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "日付"
+
+#: gitk:8836
 msgid "Children"
 msgstr "å­�"
 
-#: gitk:8153
+#: gitk:8899
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
 msgstr "%s ブラン�を���リセット�る"
 
-#: gitk:8155
+#: gitk:8901
 msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
 msgstr "切り離�れ�HEAD: リセット����ん"
 
-#: gitk:8264 gitk:8270
+#: gitk:9006 gitk:9012
 msgid "Skipping merge commit "
 msgstr "コミットマージをスキップ: "
 
-#: gitk:8279 gitk:8284
+#: gitk:9021 gitk:9026
 msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
 msgstr "パッ��得エラー: ID "
 
-#: gitk:8280 gitk:8285
+#: gitk:9022 gitk:9027
 msgid " - stopping\n"
 msgstr " - �止\n"
 
-#: gitk:8290 gitk:8293 gitk:8301 gitk:8314 gitk:8323
+#: gitk:9032 gitk:9035 gitk:9043 gitk:9057 gitk:9066
 msgid "Commit "
 msgstr "コミット "
 
-#: gitk:8294
+#: gitk:9036
 msgid ""
 " is the same patch as\n"
 "       "
@@ -850,7 +911,7 @@ msgstr ""
 " �下記�パッ���等\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8302
+#: gitk:9044
 msgid ""
 " differs from\n"
 "       "
@@ -858,7 +919,7 @@ msgstr ""
 " 下記�ら�diff\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8304
+#: gitk:9046
 msgid ""
 "Diff of commits:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -866,122 +927,130 @@ msgstr ""
 "コミット�diff:\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: gitk:8315 gitk:8324
+#: gitk:9058 gitk:9067
 #, tcl-format
 msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
 msgstr " �� %s ����り�� - �止\n"
 
-#: gitk:8344
+#: gitk:9086
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
 msgstr "ファイル��コミット書�出�エラー: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8350
+#: gitk:9092
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
 msgstr "コミット�diff実行エラー: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8380
+#: gitk:9138
 msgid "Top"
 msgstr "Top"
 
-#: gitk:8381
+#: gitk:9139
 msgid "From"
 msgstr "From"
 
-#: gitk:8386
+#: gitk:9144
 msgid "To"
 msgstr "To"
 
-#: gitk:8410
+#: gitk:9168
 msgid "Generate patch"
 msgstr "パッ�生�"
 
-#: gitk:8412
+#: gitk:9170
 msgid "From:"
 msgstr "From:"
 
-#: gitk:8421
+#: gitk:9179
 msgid "To:"
 msgstr "To:"
 
-#: gitk:8430
+#: gitk:9188
 msgid "Reverse"
 msgstr "逆"
 
-#: gitk:8432 gitk:8617
+#: gitk:9190 gitk:9400
 msgid "Output file:"
 msgstr "出力ファイル:"
 
-#: gitk:8438
+#: gitk:9196
 msgid "Generate"
 msgstr "生�"
 
-#: gitk:8476
+#: gitk:9234
 msgid "Error creating patch:"
 msgstr "パッ�生�エラー:"
 
-#: gitk:8499 gitk:8605 gitk:8662
+#: gitk:9257 gitk:9388 gitk:9445
 msgid "ID:"
 msgstr "ID:"
 
-#: gitk:8508
+#: gitk:9266
 msgid "Tag name:"
 msgstr "タグ�:"
 
-#: gitk:8512 gitk:8671
+#: gitk:9269
+msgid "Tag message is optional"
+msgstr "タグメッセージを付�る事も出���"
+
+#: gitk:9271
+msgid "Tag message:"
+msgstr "タグメッセージ:"
+
+#: gitk:9275 gitk:9454
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "生�"
 
-#: gitk:8529
+#: gitk:9293
 msgid "No tag name specified"
 msgstr "タグ��称�指定�れ����ん"
 
-#: gitk:8533
+#: gitk:9297
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
 msgstr "タグ \"%s\" �既�存在���"
 
-#: gitk:8539
+#: gitk:9307
 msgid "Error creating tag:"
 msgstr "タグ生�エラー:"
 
-#: gitk:8614
+#: gitk:9397
 msgid "Command:"
 msgstr "コマンド:"
 
-#: gitk:8622
+#: gitk:9405
 msgid "Write"
 msgstr "書�出�"
 
-#: gitk:8640
+#: gitk:9423
 msgid "Error writing commit:"
 msgstr "コミット書�出�エラー:"
 
-#: gitk:8667
+#: gitk:9450
 msgid "Name:"
 msgstr "��:"
 
-#: gitk:8690
+#: gitk:9473
 msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
 msgstr "新��ブラン����を指定������"
 
-#: gitk:8695
+#: gitk:9478
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
 msgstr "ブラン� '%s' �既�存在���。上書�����？"
 
-#: gitk:8761
+#: gitk:9545
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
 msgstr ""
 "コミット %s �既�ブラン� %s ���れ���� ― 本当��れを��用����？"
 
-#: gitk:8766
+#: gitk:9550
 msgid "Cherry-picking"
 msgstr "�ェリーピック中"
 
-#: gitk:8775
+#: gitk:9559
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
@@ -991,7 +1060,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "����変更� commit, reset, stash ���れ�を行���らやり直�����"
 "�。"
 
-#: gitk:8781
+#: gitk:9565
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
 "Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
@@ -999,32 +1068,56 @@ msgstr ""
 "マージ����よ���ェリーピック�失敗����。\n"
 "��解決���� git citool を実行������？"
 
-#: gitk:8797
+#: gitk:9581 gitk:9639
 msgid "No changes committed"
 msgstr "何�変更もコミット�れ����ん"
 
-#: gitk:8823
+#: gitk:9608
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is not included in branch %s -- really revert it?"
+msgstr "コミット %s �既�ブラン� %s ���れ���� ― 本当��れを撤回����？"
+
+#: gitk:9613
+msgid "Reverting"
+msgstr "撤回中"
+
+#: gitk:9621
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of local changes to the following files:%s Please "
+"commit, reset or stash  your changes and try again."
+msgstr "ファイル '%s' �ローカル�変更����撤回�失敗����。 ����変更� commit, reset, stash ���れ�を行���らやり直������。"
+
+#: gitk:9625
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+" Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"マージ����よ��撤回�失敗����。\n"
+"��解決���� git citool を実行������？"
+
+#: gitk:9668
 msgid "Confirm reset"
 msgstr "確�を�り消�"
 
-#: gitk:8825
+#: gitk:9670
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
 msgstr "ブラン� %s を %s �リセット����？"
 
-#: gitk:8829
+#: gitk:9672
 msgid "Reset type:"
 msgstr "Reset タイプ:"
 
-#: gitk:8833
+#: gitk:9675
 msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
 msgstr "Soft: 作業ツリーもインデックスも������る"
 
-#: gitk:8836
+#: gitk:9678
 msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
 msgstr "Mixed: 作業ツリーを��������インデックスをリセット"
 
-#: gitk:8839
+#: gitk:9681
 msgid ""
 "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
 "(discard ALL local changes)"
@@ -1032,19 +1125,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "Hard: 作業ツリーやインデックスをリセット\n"
 "（「全���ローカル�変更を破棄）"
 
-#: gitk:8856
+#: gitk:9698
 msgid "Resetting"
 msgstr "リセット中"
 
-#: gitk:8913
+#: gitk:9758
 msgid "Checking out"
 msgstr "�ェックアウト"
 
-#: gitk:8966
+#: gitk:9811
 msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
 msgstr "�在�ェックアウト�れ��るブラン�を削除�る�������ん"
 
-#: gitk:8972
+#: gitk:9817
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
@@ -1053,16 +1146,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "ブラン� %s ��他�ブラン��存在���コミット��り��。\n"
 "本当�ブラン� %s を削除����？"
 
-#: gitk:9003
+#: gitk:9848
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
 msgstr "タグ�HEAD: %s"
 
-#: gitk:9018
+#: gitk:9865
 msgid "Filter"
 msgstr "フィルター"
 
-#: gitk:9313
+#: gitk:10161
 msgid ""
 "Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
 "tag information will be incomplete."
@@ -1070,186 +1163,217 @@ msgstr ""
 "コミット構造情報読�込�エラー; ブラン���上�/下��タグ情報��完全��る"
 "よ���。"
 
-#: gitk:10299
+#: gitk:11138
 msgid "Tag"
 msgstr "ã‚¿ã‚°"
 
-#: gitk:10299
+#: gitk:11142
 msgid "Id"
 msgstr "ID"
 
-#: gitk:10347
+#: gitk:11225
 msgid "Gitk font chooser"
 msgstr "Gitk フォント�択"
 
-#: gitk:10364
+#: gitk:11242
 msgid "B"
 msgstr "B"
 
-#: gitk:10367
+#: gitk:11245
 msgid "I"
 msgstr "I"
 
-#: gitk:10463
-msgid "Gitk preferences"
-msgstr "Gitk 設定"
-
-#: gitk:10465
+#: gitk:11363
 msgid "Commit list display options"
 msgstr "コミットリスト表示オプション"
 
-#: gitk:10468
+#: gitk:11366
 msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
 msgstr "最大グラフ幅（線�本数）"
 
-#: gitk:10472
-#, tcl-format
+#: gitk:11370
+#, no-tcl-format
 msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
 msgstr "最大グラフ幅（ペイン�対�る％）"
 
-#: gitk:10476
+#: gitk:11373
 msgid "Show local changes"
 msgstr "ローカル�変更を表示"
 
-#: gitk:10479
-msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
-msgstr "SHA1 �自動�択"
+#: gitk:11376
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"
+msgstr "SHA1 �自動�択 (�択文字数指定)"
 
-#: gitk:10483
+#: gitk:11380
+msgid "Hide remote refs"
+msgstr "リモートリファレンスを隠�"
+
+#: gitk:11384
 msgid "Diff display options"
 msgstr "diff表示オプション"
 
-#: gitk:10485
+#: gitk:11386
 msgid "Tab spacing"
 msgstr "タブ空白幅"
 
-#: gitk:10488
-msgid "Display nearby tags"
-msgstr "近��タグを表示�る"
+#: gitk:11389
+msgid "Display nearby tags/heads"
+msgstr "近�� タグ/head を表示�る"
 
-#: gitk:10491
-msgid "Hide remote refs"
-msgstr "リモートリファレンスを隠�"
+#: gitk:11392
+msgid "Maximum # tags/heads to show"
+msgstr "タグ/head �最大表示数"
 
-#: gitk:10494
+#: gitk:11395
 msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
 msgstr "diff をリスト�パス�制�"
 
-#: gitk:10497
+#: gitk:11398
 msgid "Support per-file encodings"
 msgstr "ファイル���エンコーディング�サ�ート"
 
-#: gitk:10503 gitk:10572
+#: gitk:11404 gitk:11551
 msgid "External diff tool"
 msgstr "外部diffツール"
 
-#: gitk:10505
+#: gitk:11405
 msgid "Choose..."
 msgstr "�択..."
 
-#: gitk:10510
+#: gitk:11410
+msgid "General options"
+msgstr "全体設定"
+
+#: gitk:11413
+msgid "Use themed widgets"
+msgstr "テーマウィジェットを使用�る"
+
+#: gitk:11415
+msgid "(change requires restart)"
+msgstr "(変更���起動�必���)"
+
+#: gitk:11417
+msgid "(currently unavailable)"
+msgstr "(�在�使用出���ん)"
+
+#: gitk:11428
 msgid "Colors: press to choose"
 msgstr "色: ボタンを押���択"
 
-#: gitk:10513
+#: gitk:11431
 msgid "Interface"
 msgstr "インターフェイス"
 
-#: gitk:10514
+#: gitk:11432
 msgid "interface"
 msgstr "インターフェイス"
 
-#: gitk:10517
+#: gitk:11435
 msgid "Background"
 msgstr "背景"
 
-#: gitk:10518 gitk:10548
+#: gitk:11436 gitk:11466
 msgid "background"
 msgstr "背景"
 
-#: gitk:10521
+#: gitk:11439
 msgid "Foreground"
 msgstr "�景"
 
-#: gitk:10522
+#: gitk:11440
 msgid "foreground"
 msgstr "�景"
 
-#: gitk:10525
+#: gitk:11443
 msgid "Diff: old lines"
 msgstr "Diff: 旧�ージョン"
 
-#: gitk:10526
+#: gitk:11444
 msgid "diff old lines"
 msgstr "diff 旧�ージョン"
 
-#: gitk:10530
+#: gitk:11448
 msgid "Diff: new lines"
 msgstr "Diff: 新�ージョン"
 
-#: gitk:10531
+#: gitk:11449
 msgid "diff new lines"
 msgstr "diff 新�ージョン"
 
-#: gitk:10535
+#: gitk:11453
 msgid "Diff: hunk header"
 msgstr "Diff: hunkヘッダ"
 
-#: gitk:10537
+#: gitk:11455
 msgid "diff hunk header"
 msgstr "diff hunkヘッダ"
 
-#: gitk:10541
+#: gitk:11459
 msgid "Marked line bg"
 msgstr "マーク行�背景"
 
-#: gitk:10543
+#: gitk:11461
 msgid "marked line background"
 msgstr "マーク行�背景"
 
-#: gitk:10547
+#: gitk:11465
 msgid "Select bg"
 msgstr "�択�背景"
 
-#: gitk:10551
+#: gitk:11474
 msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
 msgstr "フォント: ボタンを押���択"
 
-#: gitk:10553
+#: gitk:11476
 msgid "Main font"
 msgstr "主フォント"
 
-#: gitk:10554
+#: gitk:11477
 msgid "Diff display font"
 msgstr "Diff表示用フォント"
 
-#: gitk:10555
+#: gitk:11478
 msgid "User interface font"
 msgstr "UI用フォント"
 
-#: gitk:10582
+#: gitk:11500
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "Gitk 設定"
+
+#: gitk:11509
+msgid "General"
+msgstr "一般"
+
+#: gitk:11510
+msgid "Colors"
+msgstr "色"
+
+#: gitk:11511
+msgid "Fonts"
+msgstr "フォント"
+
+#: gitk:11561
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
 msgstr "Gitk: 「%s� �色を�択"
 
-#: gitk:11168
+#: gitk:12074
+msgid ""
+"Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+msgstr ""
+"申�訳�り��ん�����ージョン� Tcl/Tk �� gitk を実行出���ん。\n"
+"Gitk�実行�� Tcl/Tk 8.4 以上�必���。"
+
+#: gitk:12284
 msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
 msgstr "����gitリ�ジトリ��り��ん。"
 
-#: gitk:11172
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
-msgstr "gitディレクトリ \"%s\" を見��られ��ん。"
-
-#: gitk:11219
+#: gitk:12331
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
 msgstr "�����引数 '%s': リビジョン�ファイル��両方�解釈����"
 
-#: gitk:11231
+#: gitk:12343
 msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
 msgstr "gitk���正�引数:"
-
-#: gitk:11316
-msgid "Command line"
-msgstr "コマンド行"
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/pt_br.po b/gitk-git/po/pt_br.po
index 1486e3205a..1feb34854b 100644
--- a/gitk-git/po/pt_br.po
+++ b/gitk-git/po/pt_br.po
@@ -9,33 +9,42 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: gitk\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-01-26 15:47-0800\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-05-17 14:32+1000\n"
 "PO-Revision-Date: 2010-12-06 23:39-0200\n"
 "Last-Translator: Alexandre Erwin Ittner <alexandre@ittner.com.br>\n"
 "Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese <>\n"
+"Language: pt_BR\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 
-#: gitk:115
+#: gitk:140
 msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
 msgstr "Não foi possível obter a lista dos arquivos não mesclados:"
 
-#: gitk:274
+#: gitk:212 gitk:2381
+msgid "Color words"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:217 gitk:2381 gitk:8220 gitk:8253
+msgid "Markup words"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:324
 msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
 msgstr "Erro ao interpretar revisões:"
 
-#: gitk:330
+#: gitk:380
 msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
 msgstr "Erro ao executar o comando--argscmd:"
 
-#: gitk:343
+#: gitk:393
 msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
 msgstr ""
 "Nenhum arquivo foi selecionado: --merge especificado mas não há arquivos não-"
 "mesclados."
 
-#: gitk:346
+#: gitk:396
 msgid ""
 "No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
 "limit."
@@ -43,603 +52,647 @@ msgstr ""
 "Nenhum arquivo foi selecionado: --merge especificado mas não há arquivos não-"
 "mesclados dentro dos limites."
 
-#: gitk:368 gitk:516
+#: gitk:418 gitk:566
 msgid "Error executing git log:"
 msgstr "Erro ao executar git log:"
 
-#: gitk:386 gitk:532
+#: gitk:436 gitk:582
 msgid "Reading"
 msgstr "Lendo"
 
-#: gitk:446 gitk:4271
+#: gitk:496 gitk:4525
 msgid "Reading commits..."
 msgstr "Lendo revisões..."
 
-#: gitk:449 gitk:1580 gitk:4274
+#: gitk:499 gitk:1637 gitk:4528
 msgid "No commits selected"
 msgstr "Nenhuma revisão foi selecionada"
 
-#: gitk:1456
+#: gitk:1445 gitk:4045 gitk:12432
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Linha de comando"
+
+#: gitk:1511
 msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
 msgstr "Não foi possível interpretar a saída do \"git log\":"
 
-#: gitk:1676
+#: gitk:1740
 msgid "No commit information available"
 msgstr "Não há informações disponíveis sobre a revisão"
 
-#: gitk:1818
-msgid "mc"
-msgstr "mc"
-
-#: gitk:1853 gitk:4064 gitk:9067 gitk:10607 gitk:10817
+#: gitk:1903 gitk:1932 gitk:4315 gitk:9669 gitk:11241 gitk:11521
 msgid "OK"
 msgstr "Ok"
 
-#: gitk:1855 gitk:4066 gitk:8657 gitk:8736 gitk:8851 gitk:8900 gitk:9069
-#: gitk:10608 gitk:10818
+#: gitk:1934 gitk:4317 gitk:9196 gitk:9275 gitk:9391 gitk:9440 gitk:9671
+#: gitk:11242 gitk:11522
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Cancelar"
 
-#: gitk:1980
-msgid "Update"
+#: gitk:2069
+msgid "&Update"
 msgstr "Atualizar"
 
-#: gitk:1981
-msgid "Reload"
+#: gitk:2070
+msgid "&Reload"
 msgstr "Recarregar"
 
-#: gitk:1982
-msgid "Reread references"
+#: gitk:2071
+msgid "Reread re&ferences"
 msgstr "Ler as referências novamente"
 
-#: gitk:1983
-msgid "List references"
+#: gitk:2072
+msgid "&List references"
 msgstr "Listar referências"
 
-#: gitk:1985
-msgid "Start git gui"
+#: gitk:2074
+msgid "Start git &gui"
 msgstr "Iniciar Git GUI"
 
-#: gitk:1987
-msgid "Quit"
+#: gitk:2076
+msgid "&Quit"
 msgstr "Sair"
 
-#: gitk:1979
-msgid "File"
+#: gitk:2068
+msgid "&File"
 msgstr "Arquivo"
 
-#: gitk:1991
-msgid "Preferences"
+#: gitk:2080
+msgid "&Preferences"
 msgstr "Preferências"
 
-#: gitk:1990
-msgid "Edit"
+#: gitk:2079
+msgid "&Edit"
 msgstr "Editar"
 
-#: gitk:1995
-msgid "New view..."
+#: gitk:2084
+msgid "&New view..."
 msgstr "Nova vista..."
 
-#: gitk:1996
-msgid "Edit view..."
+#: gitk:2085
+msgid "&Edit view..."
 msgstr "Editar vista..."
 
-#: gitk:1997
-msgid "Delete view"
+#: gitk:2086
+msgid "&Delete view"
 msgstr "Apagar vista"
 
-#: gitk:1999
-msgid "All files"
+#: gitk:2088 gitk:4043
+msgid "&All files"
 msgstr "Todos os arquivos"
 
-#: gitk:1994 gitk:3817
-msgid "View"
+#: gitk:2083 gitk:4067
+msgid "&View"
 msgstr "Exibir"
 
-#: gitk:2004 gitk:2014 gitk:2787
-msgid "About gitk"
+#: gitk:2093 gitk:2103 gitk:3012
+msgid "&About gitk"
 msgstr "Sobre o gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2005 gitk:2019
-msgid "Key bindings"
+#: gitk:2094 gitk:2108
+msgid "&Key bindings"
 msgstr "Atalhos de teclado"
 
-#: gitk:2003 gitk:2018
-msgid "Help"
+#: gitk:2092 gitk:2107
+msgid "&Help"
 msgstr "Ajuda"
 
-#: gitk:2096 gitk:8132
+#: gitk:2185 gitk:8652
 msgid "SHA1 ID:"
 msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
 
-#: gitk:2127
+#: gitk:2229
 msgid "Row"
 msgstr "Linha"
 
-#: gitk:2165
+#: gitk:2267
 msgid "Find"
 msgstr "Encontrar"
 
-#: gitk:2166
-msgid "next"
-msgstr "Próximo"
-
-#: gitk:2167
-msgid "prev"
-msgstr "Anterior"
-
-#: gitk:2168
+#: gitk:2295
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "Revisão"
 
-#: gitk:2171 gitk:2173 gitk:4432 gitk:4455 gitk:4479 gitk:6420 gitk:6492
-#: gitk:6576
+#: gitk:2299 gitk:2301 gitk:4687 gitk:4710 gitk:4734 gitk:6755 gitk:6827
+#: gitk:6912
 msgid "containing:"
 msgstr "contendo:"
 
-#: gitk:2174 gitk:3298 gitk:3303 gitk:4507
+#: gitk:2302 gitk:3526 gitk:3531 gitk:4763
 msgid "touching paths:"
 msgstr "envolvendo os caminhos:"
 
-#: gitk:2175 gitk:4512
+#: gitk:2303 gitk:4777
 msgid "adding/removing string:"
 msgstr "Adicionando/removendo texto:"
 
-#: gitk:2184 gitk:2186
+#: gitk:2304 gitk:4779
+msgid "changing lines matching:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2313 gitk:2315 gitk:4766
 msgid "Exact"
 msgstr "Exatamente"
 
-#: gitk:2186 gitk:4587 gitk:6388
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4854 gitk:6723
 msgid "IgnCase"
 msgstr "Ignorar maiúsculas/minúsculas"
 
-#: gitk:2186 gitk:4481 gitk:4585 gitk:6384
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4736 gitk:4852 gitk:6719
 msgid "Regexp"
 msgstr "Expressão regular"
 
-#: gitk:2188 gitk:2189 gitk:4606 gitk:4636 gitk:4643 gitk:6512 gitk:6580
+#: gitk:2317 gitk:2318 gitk:4874 gitk:4904 gitk:4911 gitk:6848 gitk:6916
 msgid "All fields"
 msgstr "Todos os campos"
 
-#: gitk:2189 gitk:4604 gitk:4636 gitk:6451
+#: gitk:2318 gitk:4871 gitk:4904 gitk:6786
 msgid "Headline"
 msgstr "Assunto"
 
-#: gitk:2190 gitk:4604 gitk:6451 gitk:6580 gitk:7013
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:6786 gitk:6916 gitk:7389
 msgid "Comments"
 msgstr "Descrição da revisão"
 
-#: gitk:2190 gitk:4604 gitk:4608 gitk:4643 gitk:6451 gitk:6948 gitk:8307
-#: gitk:8322
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:4876 gitk:4911 gitk:6786 gitk:7324 gitk:8830
+#: gitk:8845
 msgid "Author"
 msgstr "Autor"
 
-#: gitk:2190 gitk:4604 gitk:6451 gitk:6950
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:6786 gitk:7326
 msgid "Committer"
 msgstr "Revisor"
 
-#: gitk:2221
+#: gitk:2350
 msgid "Search"
 msgstr "Buscar"
 
-#: gitk:2229
+#: gitk:2358
 msgid "Diff"
 msgstr "Diferenças"
 
-#: gitk:2231
+#: gitk:2360
 msgid "Old version"
 msgstr "Versão antiga"
 
-#: gitk:2233
+#: gitk:2362
 msgid "New version"
 msgstr "Versão nova"
 
-#: gitk:2235
+#: gitk:2364
 msgid "Lines of context"
 msgstr "Número de linhas de contexto"
 
-#: gitk:2245
+#: gitk:2374
 msgid "Ignore space change"
 msgstr "Ignorar mudanças de caixa"
 
-#: gitk:2304
+#: gitk:2378 gitk:2380 gitk:7959 gitk:8206
+msgid "Line diff"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2445
 msgid "Patch"
 msgstr "Diferenças"
 
-#: gitk:2306
+#: gitk:2447
 msgid "Tree"
 msgstr "�rvore"
 
-#: gitk:2463 gitk:2480
+#: gitk:2617 gitk:2637
 msgid "Diff this -> selected"
 msgstr "Comparar esta revisão com a selecionada"
 
-#: gitk:2464 gitk:2481
+#: gitk:2618 gitk:2638
 msgid "Diff selected -> this"
 msgstr "Comparar a revisão selecionada com esta"
 
-#: gitk:2465 gitk:2482
+#: gitk:2619 gitk:2639
 msgid "Make patch"
 msgstr "Criar patch"
 
-#: gitk:2466 gitk:8715
+#: gitk:2620 gitk:9254
 msgid "Create tag"
 msgstr "Criar etiqueta"
 
-#: gitk:2467 gitk:8831
+#: gitk:2621 gitk:9371
 msgid "Write commit to file"
 msgstr "Salvar revisão para um arquivo"
 
-#: gitk:2468 gitk:8888
+#: gitk:2622 gitk:9428
 msgid "Create new branch"
 msgstr "Criar novo ramo"
 
-#: gitk:2469
+#: gitk:2623
 msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
 msgstr "Fazer cherry-pick desta revisão"
 
-#: gitk:2470
+#: gitk:2624
 msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
 msgstr "Redefinir HEAD para cá"
 
-#: gitk:2471
+#: gitk:2625
 msgid "Mark this commit"
 msgstr "Marcar esta revisão"
 
-#: gitk:2472
+#: gitk:2626
 msgid "Return to mark"
 msgstr "Voltar à marca"
 
-#: gitk:2473
+#: gitk:2627
 msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
 msgstr "Encontrar descendente e marcar"
 
-#: gitk:2474
+#: gitk:2628
 msgid "Compare with marked commit"
 msgstr "Comparar com a revisão marcada"
 
-#: gitk:2488
+#: gitk:2629 gitk:2640
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Diff this -> marked commit"
+msgstr "Comparar esta revisão com a selecionada"
+
+#: gitk:2630 gitk:2641
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Diff marked commit -> this"
+msgstr "Comparar a revisão selecionada com esta"
+
+#: gitk:2631
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Revert this commit"
+msgstr "Marcar esta revisão"
+
+#: gitk:2647
 msgid "Check out this branch"
 msgstr "Efetuar checkout deste ramo"
 
-#: gitk:2489
+#: gitk:2648
 msgid "Remove this branch"
 msgstr "Excluir este ramo"
 
-#: gitk:2496
+#: gitk:2649
+msgid "Copy branch name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2656
 msgid "Highlight this too"
 msgstr "Marcar este também"
 
-#: gitk:2497
+#: gitk:2657
 msgid "Highlight this only"
 msgstr "Marcar apenas este"
 
-#: gitk:2498
+#: gitk:2658
 msgid "External diff"
 msgstr "Diff externo"
 
-#: gitk:2499
+#: gitk:2659
 msgid "Blame parent commit"
 msgstr "Anotar revisão anterior"
 
-#: gitk:2506
+#: gitk:2660
+msgid "Copy path"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:2667
 msgid "Show origin of this line"
 msgstr "Exibir origem desta linha"
 
-#: gitk:2507
+#: gitk:2668
 msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
 msgstr "Executar 'git blame' nesta linha"
 
-#: gitk:2789
-msgid "\n"
+#: gitk:3014
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+"\n"
 "Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright ©9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
-msgstr "\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
 "Gitk - um visualizador de revisões para o git \n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright ©9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright ©9 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Uso e distribuição segundo os termos da Licença Pública Geral GNU"
 
-#: gitk:2797 gitk:2862 gitk:9253
+#: gitk:3022 gitk:3089 gitk:9857
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "Fechar"
 
-#: gitk:2818
+#: gitk:3043
 msgid "Gitk key bindings"
 msgstr "Atalhos de teclado"
 
-#: gitk:2821
+#: gitk:3046
 msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
 msgstr "Atalhos de teclado:"
 
-#: gitk:2823
+#: gitk:3048
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
 msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tSair"
 
-#: gitk:2824
+#: gitk:3049
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-W>\t\tClose window"
 msgstr "<%s-W>\t\tFechar janela"
 
-#: gitk:2825
+#: gitk:3050
 msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
 msgstr "<Home>\t\tIr para a primeira revisão"
 
-#: gitk:2826
+#: gitk:3051
 msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
 msgstr "<End>\t\tIr para a última revisão"
 
-#: gitk:2827
-msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
+#: gitk:3052
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "<Up>, p, k\tMove up one commit"
 msgstr "<Up>, p, i\tIr para uma revisão acima"
 
-#: gitk:2828
-msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
+#: gitk:3053
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "<Down>, n, j\tMove down one commit"
 msgstr "<Down>, n, k\tIr para uma revisão abaixo"
 
-#: gitk:2829
-msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
+#: gitk:3054
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "<Left>, z, h\tGo back in history list"
 msgstr "<Left>, z, j\tVoltar no histórico"
 
-#: gitk:2830
+#: gitk:3055
 msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
 msgstr "<Right>, x, l\tAvançar no histórico"
 
-#: gitk:2831
+#: gitk:3056
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-n>\tGo to n-th parent of current commit in history list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:3057
 msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageUp>\tSubir uma página na lista de revisões"
 
-#: gitk:2832
+#: gitk:3058
 msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageDown>\tDescer uma página na lista de revisões"
 
-#: gitk:2833
+#: gitk:3059
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Home>\tRolar para o início da lista de revisões"
 
-#: gitk:2834
+#: gitk:3060
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-End>\tRolar para o final da lista de revisões"
 
-#: gitk:2835
+#: gitk:3061
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Up>\tRolar uma linha acima na lista de revisões"
 
-#: gitk:2836
+#: gitk:3062
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Down>\tRolar uma linha abaixo na lista de revisões"
 
-#: gitk:2837
+#: gitk:3063
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tRolar uma página acima na lista de revisões"
 
-#: gitk:2838
+#: gitk:3064
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tRolar uma página abaixo na lista de revisões"
 
-#: gitk:2839
+#: gitk:3065
 msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
 msgstr "<Shift-Up>\tProcurar próxima (revisões mas recentes)"
 
-#: gitk:2840
+#: gitk:3066
 msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
 msgstr "<Shift-Down>\tProcurar anterior (revisões mais antigas)"
 
-#: gitk:2841
+#: gitk:3067
 msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Delete>, b\tRola alterações uma página acima"
 
-#: gitk:2842
+#: gitk:3068
 msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Backspace>\tRolar alterações uma página abaixo"
 
-#: gitk:2843
+#: gitk:3069
 msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
 msgstr "<Space>\t\tRolar alterações uma página abaixo"
 
-#: gitk:2844
+#: gitk:3070
 msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
 msgstr "u\t\tRolar alterações 18 linhas acima"
 
-#: gitk:2845
+#: gitk:3071
 msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
 msgstr "d\t\tRolar alterações 18 linhas abaixo"
 
-#: gitk:2846
+#: gitk:3072
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
 msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tProcurar"
 
-#: gitk:2847
+#: gitk:3073
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tIr para a próxima ocorrência"
 
-#: gitk:2848
+#: gitk:3074
 msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<Return>\tIr para a próxima ocorrência"
 
-#: gitk:2849
+#: gitk:3075
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "g\t\tGo to commit"
+msgstr "<End>\t\tIr para a última revisão"
+
+#: gitk:3076
 msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
 msgstr "/\t\tPor foco na caixa de busca"
 
-#: gitk:2850
+#: gitk:3077
 msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
 msgstr "?\t\tIr para a ocorrência anterior"
 
-#: gitk:2851
+#: gitk:3078
 msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
 msgstr "f\t\tRolar alterações para o próximo arquivo"
 
-#: gitk:2852
+#: gitk:3079
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tProcurar a próxima ocorrência na lista de alterações"
 
-#: gitk:2853
+#: gitk:3080
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tProcurar ocorrência anterior na lista de alterações"
 
-#: gitk:2854
+#: gitk:3081
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-KP+>\tAumentar tamanho da fonte"
 
-#: gitk:2855
+#: gitk:3082
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-plus>\tAumentar tamanho da fonte"
 
-#: gitk:2856
+#: gitk:3083
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-KP->\tReduzir tamanho da fonte"
 
-#: gitk:2857
+#: gitk:3084
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-minus>\tReduzir tamanho da fonte"
 
-#: gitk:2858
+#: gitk:3085
 msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
 msgstr "<F5>\t\tAtualizar"
 
-#: gitk:3313 gitk:3322
+#: gitk:3550 gitk:3559
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
 msgstr "Erro ao criar o diretório temporário %s:"
 
-#: gitk:3335
+#: gitk:3572
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
 msgstr "Erro ao ler \"%s\" de %s:"
 
-#: gitk:3398
+#: gitk:3635
 msgid "command failed:"
 msgstr "O comando falhou:"
 
-#: gitk:3547
+#: gitk:3784
 msgid "No such commit"
 msgstr "Revisão não encontrada"
 
-#: gitk:3561
+#: gitk:3798
 msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
 msgstr "Comando 'git gui blame' falhou:"
 
-#: gitk:3592
+#: gitk:3829
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
 msgstr "Impossível ler merge head: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3600
+#: gitk:3837
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error reading index: %s"
 msgstr "Erro ao ler o índice: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3625
+#: gitk:3862
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Não foi possível inciar o 'git blame': %s"
 
-#: gitk:3628 gitk:6419
+#: gitk:3865 gitk:6754
 msgid "Searching"
 msgstr "Procurando"
 
-#: gitk:3660
+#: gitk:3897
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Erro ao executar 'git blame': %s"
 
-#: gitk:3688
+#: gitk:3925
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
 msgstr "Esta linha vem da revisão %s, que não está nesta vista"
 
-#: gitk:3702
+#: gitk:3939
 msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
 msgstr "Erro do visualizador de alterações externo:"
 
-#: gitk:3820
+#: gitk:4070
 msgid "Gitk view definition"
 msgstr "Definir vista"
 
-#: gitk:3824
+#: gitk:4074
 msgid "Remember this view"
 msgstr "Lembrar esta vista"
 
-#: gitk:3825
+#: gitk:4075
 msgid "References (space separated list):"
 msgstr "Referências (separar a lista com um espaço):"
 
-#: gitk:3826
+#: gitk:4076
 msgid "Branches & tags:"
 msgstr "Ramos & etiquetas:"
 
-#: gitk:3827
+#: gitk:4077
 msgid "All refs"
 msgstr "Todas as referências"
 
-#: gitk:3828
+#: gitk:4078
 msgid "All (local) branches"
 msgstr "Todos os ramos locais"
 
-#: gitk:3829
+#: gitk:4079
 msgid "All tags"
 msgstr "Todas as etiquetas"
 
-#: gitk:3830
+#: gitk:4080
 msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "Todos os ramos de rastreio"
 
-#: gitk:3831
+#: gitk:4081
 msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
 msgstr "Informações da revisão (expressões regulares):"
 
-#: gitk:3832
+#: gitk:4082
 msgid "Author:"
 msgstr "Autor:"
 
-#: gitk:3833
+#: gitk:4083
 msgid "Committer:"
 msgstr "Revisor:"
 
-#: gitk:3834
+#: gitk:4084
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Descrição da revisão:"
 
-#: gitk:3835
+#: gitk:4085
 msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
 msgstr "Coincidir todos os critérios de informações da revisão"
 
-#: gitk:3836
+#: gitk:4086
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Matches no Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "Coincidir todos os critérios de informações da revisão"
+
+#: gitk:4087
 msgid "Changes to Files:"
 msgstr "Mudanças para os arquivos:"
 
-#: gitk:3837
+#: gitk:4088
 msgid "Fixed String"
 msgstr "Texto fixo"
 
-#: gitk:3838
+#: gitk:4089
 msgid "Regular Expression"
 msgstr "Expressão regular"
 
-#: gitk:3839
+#: gitk:4090
 msgid "Search string:"
 msgstr "Texto de busca"
 
-#: gitk:3840
+#: gitk:4091
 msgid ""
 "Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
@@ -647,201 +700,201 @@ msgstr ""
 "Datas de revisão (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
 
-#: gitk:3841
+#: gitk:4092
 msgid "Since:"
 msgstr "Desde:"
 
-#: gitk:3842
+#: gitk:4093
 msgid "Until:"
 msgstr "Até:"
 
-#: gitk:3843
+#: gitk:4094
 msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
 msgstr "Limitar e/ou ignorar um número de revisões (inteiro positivo):"
 
-#: gitk:3844
+#: gitk:4095
 msgid "Number to show:"
 msgstr "Número para mostrar:"
 
-#: gitk:3845
+#: gitk:4096
 msgid "Number to skip:"
 msgstr "Número para ignorar:"
 
-#: gitk:3846
+#: gitk:4097
 msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
 msgstr "Opções diversas:"
 
-#: gitk:3847
+#: gitk:4098
 msgid "Strictly sort by date"
 msgstr "Ordenar estritamente pela data"
 
-#: gitk:3848
+#: gitk:4099
 msgid "Mark branch sides"
 msgstr "Marcar os dois lados do ramo"
 
-#: gitk:3849
+#: gitk:4100
 msgid "Limit to first parent"
 msgstr "Limitar ao primeiro antecessor"
 
-#: gitk:3850
+#: gitk:4101
 msgid "Simple history"
 msgstr "Histórico simplificado"
 
-#: gitk:3851
+#: gitk:4102
 msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
 msgstr "Argumentos adicionais para o 'git log':"
 
-#: gitk:3852
+#: gitk:4103
 msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
 msgstr "Arquivos e diretórios para incluir, um por linha"
 
-#: gitk:3853
+#: gitk:4104
 msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
 msgstr "Comando para gerar mais revisões para incluir:"
 
-#: gitk:3977
+#: gitk:4228
 msgid "Gitk: edit view"
 msgstr "Gitk: editar vista"
 
-#: gitk:3985
+#: gitk:4236
 msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
 msgstr "-- critérios para selecionar revisões"
 
-#: gitk:3990
+#: gitk:4241
 msgid "View Name"
 msgstr "Nome da vista"
 
-#: gitk:4065
+#: gitk:4316
 msgid "Apply (F5)"
 msgstr "Aplicar (F5)"
 
-#: gitk:4103
+#: gitk:4354
 msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
 msgstr "Erro nos argumentos de seleção de revisões:"
 
-#: gitk:4156 gitk:4208 gitk:4656 gitk:4670 gitk:5931 gitk:11551 gitk:11552
+#: gitk:4409 gitk:4462 gitk:4924 gitk:4938 gitk:6208 gitk:12373 gitk:12374
 msgid "None"
 msgstr "Nenhum"
 
-#: gitk:4604 gitk:6451 gitk:8309 gitk:8324
-msgid "Date"
-msgstr "Data"
-
-#: gitk:4604 gitk:6451
-msgid "CDate"
-msgstr "DataR"
-
-#: gitk:4753 gitk:4758
+#: gitk:5021 gitk:5026
 msgid "Descendant"
 msgstr "Descendente de"
 
-#: gitk:4754
+#: gitk:5022
 msgid "Not descendant"
 msgstr "Não descendente de"
 
-#: gitk:4761 gitk:4766
+#: gitk:5029 gitk:5034
 msgid "Ancestor"
 msgstr "Antecessor de"
 
-#: gitk:4762
+#: gitk:5030
 msgid "Not ancestor"
 msgstr "Não antecessor de"
 
-#: gitk:5052
+#: gitk:5324
 msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
 msgstr "Mudanças locais marcadas, porém não salvas"
 
-#: gitk:5088
+#: gitk:5360
 msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
 msgstr "Mudanças locais não marcadas"
 
-#: gitk:6769
+#: gitk:7134
+msgid "and many more"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:7137
 msgid "many"
 msgstr "muitas"
 
-#: gitk:6952
+#: gitk:7328
 msgid "Tags:"
 msgstr "Etiquetas:"
 
-#: gitk:6969 gitk:6975 gitk:8302
+#: gitk:7345 gitk:7351 gitk:8825
 msgid "Parent"
 msgstr "Antecessor"
 
-#: gitk:6980
+#: gitk:7356
 msgid "Child"
 msgstr "Descendente"
 
-#: gitk:6989
+#: gitk:7365
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "Ramo"
 
-#: gitk:6992
+#: gitk:7368
 msgid "Follows"
 msgstr "Segue"
 
-#: gitk:6995
+#: gitk:7371
 msgid "Precedes"
 msgstr "Precede"
 
-#: gitk:7532
+#: gitk:7966
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
 msgstr "Erro ao obter diferenças: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8130
+#: gitk:8650
 msgid "Goto:"
 msgstr "Ir para:"
 
-#: gitk:8151
+#: gitk:8671
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
 msgstr "O id SHA1 %s é ambíguo"
 
-#: gitk:8158
+#: gitk:8678
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not known"
 msgstr "Revisão %s desconhecida"
 
-#: gitk:8168
+#: gitk:8688
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
 msgstr "Id SHA1 %s desconhecido"
 
-#: gitk:8170
+#: gitk:8690
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
 msgstr "A revisão %s não está na vista atual"
 
-#: gitk:8312
+#: gitk:8832 gitk:8847
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Data"
+
+#: gitk:8835
 msgid "Children"
 msgstr "Descendentes"
 
-#: gitk:8370
+#: gitk:8898
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
 msgstr "Redefinir ramo %s para este ponto"
 
-#: gitk:8372
+#: gitk:8900
 msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
 msgstr "Detached head: impossível redefinir"
 
-#: gitk:8481 gitk:8487
+#: gitk:9005 gitk:9011
 msgid "Skipping merge commit "
 msgstr "Saltando revisão de mesclagem"
 
-#: gitk:8496 gitk:8501
+#: gitk:9020 gitk:9025
 msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
 msgstr "Erro ao obter patch ID para"
 
-#: gitk:8497 gitk:8502
+#: gitk:9021 gitk:9026
 msgid " - stopping\n"
 msgstr "- parando\n"
 
-#: gitk:8507 gitk:8510 gitk:8518 gitk:8532 gitk:8541
+#: gitk:9031 gitk:9034 gitk:9042 gitk:9056 gitk:9065
 msgid "Commit "
 msgstr "Revisão"
 
-#: gitk:8511
+#: gitk:9035
 msgid ""
 " is the same patch as\n"
 "       "
@@ -849,13 +902,13 @@ msgstr ""
 "é o mesmo patch que\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8519
+#: gitk:9043
 msgid ""
 " differs from\n"
 "       "
 msgstr "difere de"
 
-#: gitk:8521
+#: gitk:9045
 msgid ""
 "Diff of commits:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -863,129 +916,129 @@ msgstr ""
 "Diferença de revisões:\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: gitk:8533 gitk:8542
+#: gitk:9057 gitk:9066
 #, tcl-format
 msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
 msgstr "possui %s descendentes - parando\n"
 
-#: gitk:8561
+#: gitk:9085
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
 msgstr "Erro ao salvar revisão para o arquivo: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8567
+#: gitk:9091
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
 msgstr "Erro ao comparar revisões: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8598
+#: gitk:9137
 msgid "Top"
 msgstr "Início"
 
-#: gitk:8599
+#: gitk:9138
 msgid "From"
 msgstr "De"
 
-#: gitk:8604
+#: gitk:9143
 msgid "To"
 msgstr "Para"
 
-#: gitk:8628
+#: gitk:9167
 msgid "Generate patch"
 msgstr "Gerar patch"
 
-#: gitk:8630
+#: gitk:9169
 msgid "From:"
 msgstr "De:"
 
-#: gitk:8639
+#: gitk:9178
 msgid "To:"
 msgstr "Para:"
 
-#: gitk:8648
+#: gitk:9187
 msgid "Reverse"
 msgstr "Inverter"
 
-#: gitk:8650 gitk:8845
+#: gitk:9189 gitk:9385
 msgid "Output file:"
 msgstr "Arquivo de saída:"
 
-#: gitk:8656
+#: gitk:9195
 msgid "Generate"
 msgstr "Gerar"
 
-#: gitk:8694
+#: gitk:9233
 msgid "Error creating patch:"
 msgstr "Erro ao criar patch:"
 
-#: gitk:8717 gitk:8833 gitk:8890
+#: gitk:9256 gitk:9373 gitk:9430
 msgid "ID:"
 msgstr "ID:"
 
-#: gitk:8726
+#: gitk:9265
 msgid "Tag name:"
 msgstr "Nome da etiqueta:"
 
-#: gitk:8729
+#: gitk:9268
 msgid "Tag message is optional"
 msgstr "A descrição da etiqueta é opcional"
 
-#: gitk:8731
+#: gitk:9270
 msgid "Tag message:"
 msgstr "Descrição da etiqueta"
 
-#: gitk:8735 gitk:8899
+#: gitk:9274 gitk:9439
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "Criar"
 
-#: gitk:8753
+#: gitk:9292
 msgid "No tag name specified"
 msgstr "Nome da etiqueta não indicado"
 
-#: gitk:8757
+#: gitk:9296
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
 msgstr "Etiqueta \"%s\" já existe"
 
-#: gitk:8767
+#: gitk:9306
 msgid "Error creating tag:"
 msgstr "Erro ao criar etiqueta:"
 
-#: gitk:8842
+#: gitk:9382
 msgid "Command:"
 msgstr "Comando:"
 
-#: gitk:8850
+#: gitk:9390
 msgid "Write"
 msgstr "Exportar"
 
-#: gitk:8868
+#: gitk:9408
 msgid "Error writing commit:"
 msgstr "Erro ao exportar revisão"
 
-#: gitk:8895
+#: gitk:9435
 msgid "Name:"
 msgstr "Nome:"
 
-#: gitk:8918
+#: gitk:9458
 msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
 msgstr "Indique um nome para o novo ramo"
 
-#: gitk:8923
+#: gitk:9463
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
 msgstr "O ramo \"%s\" já existe. Sobrescrever?"
 
-#: gitk:8989
+#: gitk:9530
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
 msgstr "Revisão %s já inclusa no ramo %s -- você realmente deseja reaplicá-la?"
 
-#: gitk:8994
+#: gitk:9535
 msgid "Cherry-picking"
 msgstr "Cherry-picking"
 
-#: gitk:9003
+#: gitk:9544
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
@@ -995,7 +1048,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Salve a uma revisão, redefina ou armazene (stash) suas mudanças e tente "
 "novamente."
 
-#: gitk:9009
+#: gitk:9550
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
 "Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
@@ -1003,32 +1056,61 @@ msgstr ""
 "O cherry-pick falhou porque houve um conflito na mesclagem.\n"
 "Executar o 'git citool' para resolvê-lo?"
 
-#: gitk:9025
+#: gitk:9566 gitk:9624
 msgid "No changes committed"
 msgstr "Nenhuma revisão foi salva"
 
-#: gitk:9051
+#: gitk:9593
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is not included in branch %s -- really revert it?"
+msgstr "Revisão %s já inclusa no ramo %s -- você realmente deseja reaplicá-la?"
+
+#: gitk:9598
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Reverting"
+msgstr "Redefinindo"
+
+#: gitk:9606
+#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of local changes to the following files:%s Please "
+"commit, reset or stash  your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+"O cherry-pick falhou porque o arquivo \"%s\" possui mudanças locais.\n"
+"Salve a uma revisão, redefina ou armazene (stash) suas mudanças e tente "
+"novamente."
+
+#: gitk:9610
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+" Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"O cherry-pick falhou porque houve um conflito na mesclagem.\n"
+"Executar o 'git citool' para resolvê-lo?"
+
+#: gitk:9653
 msgid "Confirm reset"
 msgstr "Confirmar redefinição"
 
-#: gitk:9053
+#: gitk:9655
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
 msgstr "Você realmente deseja redefinir o ramo %s para %s?"
 
-#: gitk:9055
+#: gitk:9657
 msgid "Reset type:"
 msgstr "Tipo de redefinição"
 
-#: gitk:9058
+#: gitk:9660
 msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
 msgstr "Soft: deixa a árvore de trabalho e o índice intocados"
 
-#: gitk:9061
+#: gitk:9663
 msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
 msgstr "Misto: Deixa a árvore de trabalho intocada, redefine o índice"
 
-#: gitk:9064
+#: gitk:9666
 msgid ""
 "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
 "(discard ALL local changes)"
@@ -1036,19 +1118,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "Hard: Redefine a árvore de trabalho e o índice\n"
 "(descarta TODAS as mudanças locais)"
 
-#: gitk:9081
+#: gitk:9683
 msgid "Resetting"
 msgstr "Redefinindo"
 
-#: gitk:9141
+#: gitk:9743
 msgid "Checking out"
 msgstr "Abrindo"
 
-#: gitk:9194
+#: gitk:9796
 msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
 msgstr "Impossível excluir o ramo atualmente aberto"
 
-#: gitk:9200
+#: gitk:9802
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
@@ -1057,16 +1139,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "As revisões do ramo \"%s\" não existem em nenhum outro ramo.\n"
 "Você realmente deseja excluir ramo \"%s\"?"
 
-#: gitk:9231
+#: gitk:9833
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
 msgstr "Referências: %s"
 
-#: gitk:9246
+#: gitk:9850
 msgid "Filter"
 msgstr "Filtro"
 
-#: gitk:9541
+#: gitk:10146
 msgid ""
 "Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
 "tag information will be incomplete."
@@ -1074,204 +1156,235 @@ msgstr ""
 "Erro ao ler a topologia das revisões; as informações dos ramos e etiquetas "
 "antecessoras/sucessoras estarão incompletas"
 
-#: gitk:10527
+#: gitk:11123
 msgid "Tag"
 msgstr "Etiqueta"
 
-#: gitk:10527
+#: gitk:11127
 msgid "Id"
 msgstr "Id"
 
-#: gitk:10576
+#: gitk:11210
 msgid "Gitk font chooser"
 msgstr "Selecionar fontes do Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:10593
+#: gitk:11227
 msgid "B"
 msgstr "B"
 
-#: gitk:10596
+#: gitk:11230
 msgid "I"
 msgstr "I"
 
-#: gitk:10714
-msgid "Gitk preferences"
-msgstr "Preferências do Gitk"
-
-#: gitk:10716
+#: gitk:11348
 msgid "Commit list display options"
 msgstr "Opções da lista de revisões"
 
-#: gitk:10719
+#: gitk:11351
 msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
 msgstr "Largura máxima do grafo (linhas)"
 
-#: gitk:10722
-#, tcl-format
+#: gitk:11355
+#, no-tcl-format
 msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
 msgstr "Largura máxima do grafo (% do painel)"
 
-#: gitk:10725
+#: gitk:11358
 msgid "Show local changes"
 msgstr "Exibir mudanças locais"
 
-#: gitk:10728
-msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
+#: gitk:11361
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"
 msgstr "Selecionar o SHA1 automaticamente"
 
-#: gitk:10731
+#: gitk:11365
 msgid "Hide remote refs"
 msgstr "Ocultar referências remotas"
 
-#: gitk:10735
+#: gitk:11369
 msgid "Diff display options"
 msgstr "Opções de exibição das alterações"
 
-#: gitk:10737
+#: gitk:11371
 msgid "Tab spacing"
 msgstr "Espaços por tabulação"
 
-#: gitk:10740
-msgid "Display nearby tags"
+#: gitk:11374
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Display nearby tags/heads"
 msgstr "Exibir etiquetas próximas"
 
-#: gitk:10743
+#: gitk:11377
+msgid "Maximum # tags/heads to show"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11380
 msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
 msgstr "Limitar diferenças aos caminhos listados"
 
-#: gitk:10746
+#: gitk:11383
 msgid "Support per-file encodings"
 msgstr "Usar codificações distintas por arquivo"
 
-#: gitk:10752 gitk:10832
+#: gitk:11389 gitk:11536
 msgid "External diff tool"
 msgstr "Ferramenta 'diff' externa"
 
-#: gitk:10753
+#: gitk:11390
 msgid "Choose..."
 msgstr "Selecionar..."
 
-#: gitk:10758
+#: gitk:11395
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Opções gerais"
 
-#: gitk:10761
+#: gitk:11398
 msgid "Use themed widgets"
 msgstr "Usar temas para as janelas"
 
-#: gitk:10763
+#: gitk:11400
 msgid "(change requires restart)"
 msgstr "(exige reinicialização)"
 
-#: gitk:10765
+#: gitk:11402
 msgid "(currently unavailable)"
 msgstr "(atualmente indisponível)"
 
-#: gitk:10769
+#: gitk:11413
 msgid "Colors: press to choose"
 msgstr "Cores: clique para escolher"
 
-#: gitk:10772
+#: gitk:11416
 msgid "Interface"
 msgstr "Interface"
 
-#: gitk:10773
+#: gitk:11417
 msgid "interface"
 msgstr "interface"
 
-#: gitk:10776
+#: gitk:11420
 msgid "Background"
 msgstr "Segundo plano"
 
-#: gitk:10777 gitk:10807
+#: gitk:11421 gitk:11451
 msgid "background"
 msgstr "segundo plano"
 
-#: gitk:10780
+#: gitk:11424
 msgid "Foreground"
 msgstr "Primeiro plano"
 
-#: gitk:10781
+#: gitk:11425
 msgid "foreground"
 msgstr "primeiro plano"
 
-#: gitk:10784
+#: gitk:11428
 msgid "Diff: old lines"
 msgstr "Diff: linhas excluídas"
 
-#: gitk:10785
+#: gitk:11429
 msgid "diff old lines"
 msgstr "linhas excluídas"
 
-#: gitk:10789
+#: gitk:11433
 msgid "Diff: new lines"
 msgstr "Diff: linhas adicionadas"
 
-#: gitk:10790
+#: gitk:11434
 msgid "diff new lines"
 msgstr "linhas adicionadas"
 
-#: gitk:10794
+#: gitk:11438
 msgid "Diff: hunk header"
 msgstr "Diff: cabeçalho do bloco"
 
-#: gitk:10796
+#: gitk:11440
 msgid "diff hunk header"
 msgstr "cabeçalho do bloco"
 
-#: gitk:10800
+#: gitk:11444
 msgid "Marked line bg"
 msgstr "2º plano da linha marcada"
 
-#: gitk:10802
+#: gitk:11446
 msgid "marked line background"
 msgstr "segundo plano da linha marcada"
 
-#: gitk:10806
+#: gitk:11450
 msgid "Select bg"
 msgstr "2º plano da seleção"
 
-#: gitk:10810
+#: gitk:11459
 msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
 msgstr "Fontes: clique para escolher"
 
-#: gitk:10812
+#: gitk:11461
 msgid "Main font"
 msgstr "Fonte principal"
 
-#: gitk:10813
+#: gitk:11462
 msgid "Diff display font"
 msgstr "Fonte da lista de mudanças"
 
-#: gitk:10814
+#: gitk:11463
 msgid "User interface font"
 msgstr "Fonte da interface"
 
-#: gitk:10842
+#: gitk:11485
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "Preferências do Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:11494
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "General"
+msgstr "Gerar"
+
+#: gitk:11495
+msgid "Colors"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11496
+msgid "Fonts"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:11546
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
 msgstr "Gitk: selecionar cor para %s"
 
-#: gitk:11445
+#: gitk:12059
+msgid ""
+"Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gitk:12269
 msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
 msgstr "Não há nenhum repositório git aqui."
 
-#: gitk:11449
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
-msgstr "Impossível encontrar o diretório git \"%s\"."
-
-#: gitk:11496
+#: gitk:12316
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
 msgstr ""
 "O argumento \"%s\" é ambíguo (especifica tanto uma revisão e um nome de "
 "arquivo)"
 
-#: gitk:11508
+#: gitk:12328
 msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
 msgstr "Argumentos incorretos para o gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:11604
-msgid "Command line"
-msgstr "Linha de comando"
+#~ msgid "mc"
+#~ msgstr "mc"
+
+#~ msgid "next"
+#~ msgstr "Próximo"
+
+#~ msgid "prev"
+#~ msgstr "Anterior"
+
+#~ msgid "CDate"
+#~ msgstr "DataR"
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
+#~ msgstr "Impossível encontrar o diretório git \"%s\"."
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/pt_pt.po b/gitk-git/po/pt_pt.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f680ea86aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitk-git/po/pt_pt.po
@@ -0,0 +1,1376 @@
+# Portuguese translations for gitk package.
+# Copyright (C) 2016 Paul Mackerras
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the gitk package.
+# Vasco Almeida <vascomalmeida@sapo.pt>, 2016.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: gitk\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-04-15 16:52+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-05-06 15:35+0000\n"
+"Last-Translator: Vasco Almeida <vascomalmeida@sapo.pt>\n"
+"Language-Team: Portuguese\n"
+"Language: pt\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+"X-Generator: Virtaal 0.7.1\n"
+
+#: gitk:140
+msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
+msgstr "Não foi possível obter lista de ficheiros não integrados:"
+
+#: gitk:212 gitk:2399
+msgid "Color words"
+msgstr "Colorir palavras"
+
+#: gitk:217 gitk:2399 gitk:8239 gitk:8272
+msgid "Markup words"
+msgstr "Marcar palavras"
+
+#: gitk:324
+msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
+msgstr "Erro ao analisar revisões:"
+
+#: gitk:380
+msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
+msgstr "Erro ao executar o comando de --argscmd:"
+
+#: gitk:393
+msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
+msgstr ""
+"Nenhum ficheiro selecionado: --merge especificado mas não há ficheiros por "
+"integrar."
+
+#: gitk:396
+msgid ""
+"No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
+"limit."
+msgstr ""
+"Nenhum ficheiro selecionado: --merge especificado mas não há ficheiros por "
+"integrar ao nível de ficheiro."
+
+#: gitk:418 gitk:566
+msgid "Error executing git log:"
+msgstr "Erro ao executar git log:"
+
+#: gitk:436 gitk:582
+msgid "Reading"
+msgstr "A ler"
+
+#: gitk:496 gitk:4544
+msgid "Reading commits..."
+msgstr "A ler commits..."
+
+#: gitk:499 gitk:1637 gitk:4547
+msgid "No commits selected"
+msgstr "Nenhum commit selecionado"
+
+#: gitk:1445 gitk:4064 gitk:12469
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Linha de comandos"
+
+#: gitk:1511
+msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
+msgstr "Não é possível analisar a saída de git log:"
+
+#: gitk:1740
+msgid "No commit information available"
+msgstr "Não há informação disponível sobre o commit"
+
+#: gitk:1903 gitk:1932 gitk:4334 gitk:9702 gitk:11274 gitk:11554
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "OK"
+
+#: gitk:1934 gitk:4336 gitk:9215 gitk:9294 gitk:9424 gitk:9473 gitk:9704
+#: gitk:11275 gitk:11555
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Cancelar"
+
+#: gitk:2083
+msgid "&Update"
+msgstr "At&ualizar"
+
+#: gitk:2084
+msgid "&Reload"
+msgstr "&Recarregar"
+
+#: gitk:2085
+msgid "Reread re&ferences"
+msgstr "Reler re&ferências"
+
+#: gitk:2086
+msgid "&List references"
+msgstr "&Listar referências"
+
+#: gitk:2088
+msgid "Start git &gui"
+msgstr "Iniciar git &gui"
+
+#: gitk:2090
+msgid "&Quit"
+msgstr "&Sair"
+
+#: gitk:2082
+msgid "&File"
+msgstr "&Ficheiro"
+
+#: gitk:2094
+msgid "&Preferences"
+msgstr "&Preferências"
+
+#: gitk:2093
+msgid "&Edit"
+msgstr "&Editar"
+
+#: gitk:2098
+msgid "&New view..."
+msgstr "&Nova vista..."
+
+#: gitk:2099
+msgid "&Edit view..."
+msgstr "&Editar vista..."
+
+#: gitk:2100
+msgid "&Delete view"
+msgstr "Elimina&r vista"
+
+#: gitk:2102
+msgid "&All files"
+msgstr "&Todos os ficheiros"
+
+#: gitk:2097
+msgid "&View"
+msgstr "&Ver"
+
+#: gitk:2107 gitk:2117
+msgid "&About gitk"
+msgstr "&Sobre gitk"
+
+#: gitk:2108 gitk:2122
+msgid "&Key bindings"
+msgstr "&Atalhos"
+
+#: gitk:2106 gitk:2121
+msgid "&Help"
+msgstr "&Ajuda"
+
+#: gitk:2199 gitk:8671
+msgid "SHA1 ID:"
+msgstr "ID SHA1:"
+
+#: gitk:2243
+msgid "Row"
+msgstr "Linha"
+
+#: gitk:2281
+msgid "Find"
+msgstr "Procurar"
+
+#: gitk:2309
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "commit"
+
+#: gitk:2313 gitk:2315 gitk:4706 gitk:4729 gitk:4753 gitk:6774 gitk:6846
+#: gitk:6931
+msgid "containing:"
+msgstr "contendo:"
+
+#: gitk:2316 gitk:3545 gitk:3550 gitk:4782
+msgid "touching paths:"
+msgstr "altera os caminhos:"
+
+#: gitk:2317 gitk:4796
+msgid "adding/removing string:"
+msgstr "adiciona/remove a cadeia:"
+
+#: gitk:2318 gitk:4798
+msgid "changing lines matching:"
+msgstr "altera linhas com:"
+
+#: gitk:2327 gitk:2329 gitk:4785
+msgid "Exact"
+msgstr "Exato"
+
+#: gitk:2329 gitk:4873 gitk:6742
+msgid "IgnCase"
+msgstr "IgnMaiúsculas"
+
+#: gitk:2329 gitk:4755 gitk:4871 gitk:6738
+msgid "Regexp"
+msgstr "Expr. regular"
+
+#: gitk:2331 gitk:2332 gitk:4893 gitk:4923 gitk:4930 gitk:6867 gitk:6935
+msgid "All fields"
+msgstr "Todos os campos"
+
+#: gitk:2332 gitk:4890 gitk:4923 gitk:6805
+msgid "Headline"
+msgstr "Cabeçalho"
+
+#: gitk:2333 gitk:4890 gitk:6805 gitk:6935 gitk:7408
+msgid "Comments"
+msgstr "Comentários"
+
+#: gitk:2333 gitk:4890 gitk:4895 gitk:4930 gitk:6805 gitk:7343 gitk:8849
+#: gitk:8864
+msgid "Author"
+msgstr "Autor"
+
+#: gitk:2333 gitk:4890 gitk:6805 gitk:7345
+msgid "Committer"
+msgstr "Committer"
+
+#: gitk:2367
+msgid "Search"
+msgstr "Pesquisar"
+
+#: gitk:2375
+msgid "Diff"
+msgstr "Diff"
+
+#: gitk:2377
+msgid "Old version"
+msgstr "Versão antiga"
+
+#: gitk:2379
+msgid "New version"
+msgstr "Versão nova"
+
+#: gitk:2382
+msgid "Lines of context"
+msgstr "Linhas de contexto"
+
+#: gitk:2392
+msgid "Ignore space change"
+msgstr "Ignorar espaços"
+
+#: gitk:2396 gitk:2398 gitk:7978 gitk:8225
+msgid "Line diff"
+msgstr "Diff de linha"
+
+#: gitk:2463
+msgid "Patch"
+msgstr "Patch"
+
+#: gitk:2465
+msgid "Tree"
+msgstr "�rvore"
+
+#: gitk:2635 gitk:2656
+msgid "Diff this -> selected"
+msgstr "Diff este -> seleção"
+
+#: gitk:2636 gitk:2657
+msgid "Diff selected -> this"
+msgstr "Diff seleção -> este"
+
+#: gitk:2637 gitk:2658
+msgid "Make patch"
+msgstr "Gerar patch"
+
+#: gitk:2638 gitk:9273
+msgid "Create tag"
+msgstr "Criar tag"
+
+#: gitk:2639
+msgid "Copy commit summary"
+msgstr "Copiar sumário do commit"
+
+#: gitk:2640 gitk:9404
+msgid "Write commit to file"
+msgstr "Escrever commit num ficheiro"
+
+#: gitk:2641 gitk:9461
+msgid "Create new branch"
+msgstr "Criar novo ramo"
+
+#: gitk:2642
+msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
+msgstr "Efetuar cherry-pick deste commit"
+
+#: gitk:2643
+msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
+msgstr "Repor ramo HEAD para aqui"
+
+#: gitk:2644
+msgid "Mark this commit"
+msgstr "Marcar este commit"
+
+#: gitk:2645
+msgid "Return to mark"
+msgstr "Voltar à marca"
+
+#: gitk:2646
+msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
+msgstr "Encontrar descendeste deste e da marca"
+
+#: gitk:2647
+msgid "Compare with marked commit"
+msgstr "Comparar com o commit marcado"
+
+#: gitk:2648 gitk:2659
+msgid "Diff this -> marked commit"
+msgstr "Diff este -> commit marcado"
+
+#: gitk:2649 gitk:2660
+msgid "Diff marked commit -> this"
+msgstr "Diff commit marcado -> este"
+
+#: gitk:2650
+msgid "Revert this commit"
+msgstr "Reverter este commit"
+
+#: gitk:2666
+msgid "Check out this branch"
+msgstr "Extrair este ramo"
+
+#: gitk:2667
+msgid "Remove this branch"
+msgstr "Remover este ramo"
+
+#: gitk:2668
+msgid "Copy branch name"
+msgstr "Copiar nome do ramo"
+
+#: gitk:2675
+msgid "Highlight this too"
+msgstr "Realçar este também"
+
+#: gitk:2676
+msgid "Highlight this only"
+msgstr "Realçar apenas este"
+
+#: gitk:2677
+msgid "External diff"
+msgstr "Diff externo"
+
+#: gitk:2678
+msgid "Blame parent commit"
+msgstr "Culpar commit pai"
+
+#: gitk:2679
+msgid "Copy path"
+msgstr "Copiar caminho"
+
+#: gitk:2686
+msgid "Show origin of this line"
+msgstr "Mostrar origem deste ficheiro"
+
+#: gitk:2687
+msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
+msgstr "Executar git gui blame sobre esta linha"
+
+#: gitk:3031
+msgid "About gitk"
+msgstr "Sobre gitk"
+
+#: gitk:3033
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - um visualizador de commits do git\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"Use e redistribua sob os termos da GNU General Public License"
+
+#: gitk:3041 gitk:3108 gitk:9890
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Fechar"
+
+#: gitk:3062
+msgid "Gitk key bindings"
+msgstr "Atalhos do gitk"
+
+#: gitk:3065
+msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
+msgstr "Atalhos do gitk:"
+
+#: gitk:3067
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
+msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tSair"
+
+#: gitk:3068
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-W>\t\tClose window"
+msgstr "<%s-W>\t\tFechar janela"
+
+#: gitk:3069
+msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
+msgstr "<Home>\t\tMover para o primeiro commit"
+
+#: gitk:3070
+msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
+msgstr "<End>\t\tMover para o último commit"
+
+#: gitk:3071
+msgid "<Up>, p, k\tMove up one commit"
+msgstr "<Cima>, p, k\tMover para o commit acima"
+
+#: gitk:3072
+msgid "<Down>, n, j\tMove down one commit"
+msgstr "<Baixo>, n, j\tMover para o commit abaixo"
+
+#: gitk:3073
+msgid "<Left>, z, h\tGo back in history list"
+msgstr "<Esquerda>, z, h\tRecuar no histórico"
+
+#: gitk:3074
+msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
+msgstr "<Direita>, x, l\tAvançar no histórico"
+
+#: gitk:3075
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-n>\tGo to n-th parent of current commit in history list"
+msgstr "<%s-n>\tIr para o n-ésimo pai do commit atual no histórico"
+
+#: gitk:3076
+msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<PageUp>\tMover a lista de commits uma página para cima"
+
+#: gitk:3077
+msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<PageDown>\tMover a lista de commits uma página para baixo"
+
+#: gitk:3078
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-Home>\tDeslocar para o topo da lista"
+
+#: gitk:3079
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-End>\tDeslocar para o fim da lista"
+
+#: gitk:3080
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Cima>\tDeslocar a lista de commits uma linha para cima"
+
+#: gitk:3081
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Baixo>\tDeslocar a lista de commits uma linha para baixo"
+
+#: gitk:3082
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
+msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tDeslocar a lista de commits uma página para cima"
+
+#: gitk:3083
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
+msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tDeslocar a lista de commits uma página para baixo"
+
+#: gitk:3084
+msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
+msgstr "<Shift-Cima>\tProcurar para trás (para cima, commits posteriores)"
+
+#: gitk:3085
+msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
+msgstr "<Shift-Baixo>\tProcurar para a frente (para baixo, commits anteriores)"
+
+#: gitk:3086
+msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Delete>, b\tDeslocar vista diff uma página para cima"
+
+#: gitk:3087
+msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Retrocesso>\tDeslocar vista diff uma página para cima"
+
+#: gitk:3088
+msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
+msgstr "<Espaço>\tDeslocar vista diff uma página para baixo"
+
+#: gitk:3089
+msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
+msgstr "u\t\tDeslocar vista diff 18 linhas para cima"
+
+#: gitk:3090
+msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
+msgstr "d\t\tDeslocar vista diff 18 linhas para baixo"
+
+#: gitk:3091
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
+msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tProcurar"
+
+#: gitk:3092
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tMover para a ocorrência seguinte"
+
+#: gitk:3093
+msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<Return>\tMover para a ocorrência seguinte"
+
+#: gitk:3094
+msgid "g\t\tGo to commit"
+msgstr "g\t\tIr para o commit"
+
+#: gitk:3095
+msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
+msgstr "/\t\tFocar a caixa de pesquisa"
+
+#: gitk:3096
+msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
+msgstr "?\t\tMover para a ocorrência anterior"
+
+#: gitk:3097
+msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
+msgstr "f\t\tDeslocar vista diff para o ficheiro seguinte"
+
+#: gitk:3098
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tProcurar pela ocorrência seguinte na vista diff"
+
+#: gitk:3099
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tProcurar pela ocorrência anterior na vista diff"
+
+#: gitk:3100
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-KP+>\tAumentar o tamanho da letra"
+
+#: gitk:3101
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-mais>\tAumentar o tamanho da letra"
+
+#: gitk:3102
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-KP->\tDiminuir o tamanho da letra"
+
+#: gitk:3103
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-menos>\tDiminuir o tamanho da letra"
+
+#: gitk:3104
+msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
+msgstr "<F5>\t\tAtualizar"
+
+#: gitk:3569 gitk:3578
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
+msgstr "Erro ao criar ficheiro temporário %s:"
+
+#: gitk:3591
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
+msgstr "Erro ao obter \"%s\" de %s:"
+
+#: gitk:3654
+msgid "command failed:"
+msgstr "o comando falhou:"
+
+#: gitk:3803
+msgid "No such commit"
+msgstr "Commit inexistente"
+
+#: gitk:3817
+msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
+msgstr "git gui blame: o comando falhou:"
+
+#: gitk:3848
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível ler a cabeça de integração: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3856
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error reading index: %s"
+msgstr "Erro ao ler o índice: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3881
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível iniciar git blame: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3884 gitk:6773
+msgid "Searching"
+msgstr "A procurar"
+
+#: gitk:3916
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
+msgstr "Erro ao executar git blame: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3944
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
+msgstr "Essa linha provém do commit %s, que não está nesta vista"
+
+#: gitk:3958
+msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
+msgstr "Visualizador diff externo falhou:"
+
+#: gitk:4062
+msgid "All files"
+msgstr "Todos os ficheiros"
+
+#: gitk:4086
+msgid "View"
+msgstr "Vista"
+
+#: gitk:4089
+msgid "Gitk view definition"
+msgstr "Definição de vistas do gitk"
+
+#: gitk:4093
+msgid "Remember this view"
+msgstr "Recordar esta vista"
+
+#: gitk:4094
+msgid "References (space separated list):"
+msgstr "Referências (lista separada por espaço):"
+
+#: gitk:4095
+msgid "Branches & tags:"
+msgstr "Ramos e tags:"
+
+#: gitk:4096
+msgid "All refs"
+msgstr "Todas as referências"
+
+#: gitk:4097
+msgid "All (local) branches"
+msgstr "Todos os ramos (locais)"
+
+#: gitk:4098
+msgid "All tags"
+msgstr "Todas as tags"
+
+#: gitk:4099
+msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "Todos os ramos remotos de monitorização"
+
+#: gitk:4100
+msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
+msgstr "Informação Sobre o Commit (expressões regulares):"
+
+#: gitk:4101
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "Autor:"
+
+#: gitk:4102
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Committer:"
+
+#: gitk:4103
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Mensagem de Commit:"
+
+#: gitk:4104
+msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "Corresponde a todos os critérios da Informação Sobre o Commit"
+
+#: gitk:4105
+msgid "Matches no Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "Não corresponde a nenhum critério da Informação Sobre o Commit"
+
+#: gitk:4106
+msgid "Changes to Files:"
+msgstr "Alterações nos Ficheiros:"
+
+#: gitk:4107
+msgid "Fixed String"
+msgstr "Cadeia Fixa"
+
+#: gitk:4108
+msgid "Regular Expression"
+msgstr "Expressão Regular"
+
+#: gitk:4109
+msgid "Search string:"
+msgstr "Procurar pela cadeia:"
+
+#: gitk:4110
+msgid ""
+"Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
+"15:27:38\"):"
+msgstr ""
+"Datas de Commit (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
+"15:27:38\"):"
+
+#: gitk:4111
+msgid "Since:"
+msgstr "Desde:"
+
+#: gitk:4112
+msgid "Until:"
+msgstr "Até:"
+
+#: gitk:4113
+msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
+msgstr "Limitar e/ou ignorar um número de revisões (inteiro positivo):"
+
+#: gitk:4114
+msgid "Number to show:"
+msgstr "Número a mostrar:"
+
+#: gitk:4115
+msgid "Number to skip:"
+msgstr "Número a ignorar:"
+
+#: gitk:4116
+msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
+msgstr "Opções diversas:"
+
+#: gitk:4117
+msgid "Strictly sort by date"
+msgstr "Ordenar estritamente pela data"
+
+#: gitk:4118
+msgid "Mark branch sides"
+msgstr "Marcar lado dos ramos"
+
+#: gitk:4119
+msgid "Limit to first parent"
+msgstr "Restringir ao primeiro pai"
+
+#: gitk:4120
+msgid "Simple history"
+msgstr "Histórico simples"
+
+#: gitk:4121
+msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
+msgstr "Argumentos adicionais ao git log:"
+
+#: gitk:4122
+msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
+msgstr "Introduza ficheiros e diretórios para incluir, um por linha:"
+
+#: gitk:4123
+msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
+msgstr "Comando para gerar mais commits para incluir:"
+
+#: gitk:4247
+msgid "Gitk: edit view"
+msgstr "Gitk: editar vista"
+
+#: gitk:4255
+msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
+msgstr "-- critério para selecionar revisões"
+
+#: gitk:4260
+msgid "View Name"
+msgstr "Nome da Vista"
+
+#: gitk:4335
+msgid "Apply (F5)"
+msgstr "Aplicar (F5)"
+
+#: gitk:4373
+msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
+msgstr "Erro nos argumentos de seleção de commits:"
+
+#: gitk:4428 gitk:4481 gitk:4943 gitk:4957 gitk:6227 gitk:12410 gitk:12411
+msgid "None"
+msgstr "Nenhum"
+
+#: gitk:5040 gitk:5045
+msgid "Descendant"
+msgstr "Descendente"
+
+#: gitk:5041
+msgid "Not descendant"
+msgstr "Não descendente"
+
+#: gitk:5048 gitk:5053
+msgid "Ancestor"
+msgstr "Antecessor"
+
+#: gitk:5049
+msgid "Not ancestor"
+msgstr "Não antecessor"
+
+#: gitk:5343
+msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
+msgstr "Alterações locais preparadas no índice mas não submetidas"
+
+#: gitk:5379
+msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
+msgstr "Alterações locais não submetidas, não preparadas no índice"
+
+#: gitk:7153
+msgid "and many more"
+msgstr "e muitos mais"
+
+#: gitk:7156
+msgid "many"
+msgstr "muitos"
+
+#: gitk:7347
+msgid "Tags:"
+msgstr "Tags:"
+
+#: gitk:7364 gitk:7370 gitk:8844
+msgid "Parent"
+msgstr "Pai"
+
+#: gitk:7375
+msgid "Child"
+msgstr "Filho"
+
+#: gitk:7384
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Ramo"
+
+#: gitk:7387
+msgid "Follows"
+msgstr "Sucede"
+
+#: gitk:7390
+msgid "Precedes"
+msgstr "Precede"
+
+#: gitk:7985
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
+msgstr "Erro ao obter diferenças: %s"
+
+#: gitk:8669
+msgid "Goto:"
+msgstr "Ir para:"
+
+#: gitk:8690
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "O id SHA1 abreviado %s é ambíguo"
+
+#: gitk:8697
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revision %s is not known"
+msgstr "A revisão %s não é conhecida"
+
+#: gitk:8707
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
+msgstr "O id SHA1 %s não é conhecido"
+
+#: gitk:8709
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
+msgstr "A revisão %s não se encontra na vista atual"
+
+#: gitk:8851 gitk:8866
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Data"
+
+#: gitk:8854
+msgid "Children"
+msgstr "Filhos"
+
+#: gitk:8917
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
+msgstr "Repor o ramo %s para aqui"
+
+#: gitk:8919
+msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
+msgstr "Cabeça destacada: não é possível repor"
+
+#: gitk:9024 gitk:9030
+msgid "Skipping merge commit "
+msgstr "A ignorar commit de integração "
+
+#: gitk:9039 gitk:9044
+msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
+msgstr "Erro ao obter ID de patch de "
+
+#: gitk:9040 gitk:9045
+msgid " - stopping\n"
+msgstr " - a interromper\n"
+
+#: gitk:9050 gitk:9053 gitk:9061 gitk:9075 gitk:9084
+msgid "Commit "
+msgstr "Commit "
+
+#: gitk:9054
+msgid ""
+" is the same patch as\n"
+"       "
+msgstr ""
+" é o mesmo patch que\n"
+"       "
+
+#: gitk:9062
+msgid ""
+" differs from\n"
+"       "
+msgstr ""
+" difere de\n"
+"       "
+
+#: gitk:9064
+msgid ""
+"Diff of commits:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Diferença dos commits:\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: gitk:9076 gitk:9085
+#, tcl-format
+msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
+msgstr " tem %s filhos - a interromper\n"
+
+#: gitk:9104
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
+msgstr "Erro ao escrever commit no ficheiro: %s"
+
+#: gitk:9110
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
+msgstr "Erro ao calcular as diferenças dos commits: %s"
+
+#: gitk:9156
+msgid "Top"
+msgstr "Topo"
+
+#: gitk:9157
+msgid "From"
+msgstr "De"
+
+#: gitk:9162
+msgid "To"
+msgstr "Para"
+
+#: gitk:9186
+msgid "Generate patch"
+msgstr "Gerar patch"
+
+#: gitk:9188
+msgid "From:"
+msgstr "De:"
+
+#: gitk:9197
+msgid "To:"
+msgstr "Para:"
+
+#: gitk:9206
+msgid "Reverse"
+msgstr "Reverter"
+
+#: gitk:9208 gitk:9418
+msgid "Output file:"
+msgstr "Ficheiro de saída:"
+
+#: gitk:9214
+msgid "Generate"
+msgstr "Gerar"
+
+#: gitk:9252
+msgid "Error creating patch:"
+msgstr "Erro ao criar patch:"
+
+#: gitk:9275 gitk:9406 gitk:9463
+msgid "ID:"
+msgstr "ID:"
+
+#: gitk:9284
+msgid "Tag name:"
+msgstr "Nome da tag:"
+
+#: gitk:9287
+msgid "Tag message is optional"
+msgstr "A mensagem da tag é opcional"
+
+#: gitk:9289
+msgid "Tag message:"
+msgstr "Mensagem da tag:"
+
+#: gitk:9293 gitk:9472
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Criar"
+
+#: gitk:9311
+msgid "No tag name specified"
+msgstr "Nenhum nome de tag especificado"
+
+#: gitk:9315
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
+msgstr "A tag \"%s\" já existe"
+
+#: gitk:9325
+msgid "Error creating tag:"
+msgstr "Erro ao criar tag:"
+
+#: gitk:9415
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Comando:"
+
+#: gitk:9423
+msgid "Write"
+msgstr "Escrever"
+
+#: gitk:9441
+msgid "Error writing commit:"
+msgstr "Erro ao escrever commit:"
+
+#: gitk:9468
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Nome:"
+
+#: gitk:9491
+msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
+msgstr "Especifique um nome para o novo ramo"
+
+#: gitk:9496
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
+msgstr "O ramo '%s' já existe. Substituí-lo?"
+
+#: gitk:9563
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
+msgstr "O commit %s já está incluído no ramo %s -- reaplicá-lo mesmo assim?"
+
+#: gitk:9568
+msgid "Cherry-picking"
+msgstr "A efetuar cherry-pick"
+
+#: gitk:9577
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
+"Please commit, reset or stash your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+"Falha ao efetuar cherry-pick devido a alterações locais no ficheiro '%s'.\n"
+"Submeta, empilhe ou reponha as alterações e tente de novo."
+
+#: gitk:9583
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+"Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"Falha ao efetuar cherry-pick devido a conflito de integração.\n"
+"Deseja executar git citool para resolvê-lo?"
+
+#: gitk:9599 gitk:9657
+msgid "No changes committed"
+msgstr "Não foi submetida nenhum alteração"
+
+#: gitk:9626
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is not included in branch %s -- really revert it?"
+msgstr "O commit %s não está incluído no ramo %s -- revertê-lo mesmo assim?"
+
+#: gitk:9631
+msgid "Reverting"
+msgstr "A reverter"
+
+#: gitk:9639
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of local changes to the following files:%s Please "
+"commit, reset or stash  your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+"Falha ao reverter devido a alterações locais nos seguintes ficheiros:%s "
+"Submeta, empilhe ou reponha as alterações e tente de novo."
+
+#: gitk:9643
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+" Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"Falha ao reverter devido a conflito de integração.\n"
+"Deseja executar git citool para resolvê-lo?"
+
+#: gitk:9686
+msgid "Confirm reset"
+msgstr "Confirmar reposição"
+
+#: gitk:9688
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
+msgstr "Repor o ramo %s para %s?"
+
+#: gitk:9690
+msgid "Reset type:"
+msgstr "Tipo de reposição:"
+
+#: gitk:9693
+msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
+msgstr "Suave: Deixar a árvore de trabalho e o índice intactos"
+
+#: gitk:9696
+msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
+msgstr "Misto: Deixar a árvore de trabalho intacta, repor índice"
+
+#: gitk:9699
+msgid ""
+"Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
+"(discard ALL local changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"Forte: Repor árvore de trabalho e índice\n"
+"(descartar TODAS as alterações locais)"
+
+#: gitk:9716
+msgid "Resetting"
+msgstr "A repor"
+
+#: gitk:9776
+msgid "Checking out"
+msgstr "A extrair"
+
+#: gitk:9829
+msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
+msgstr "Não é possível eliminar o ramo atual extraído"
+
+#: gitk:9835
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
+"Really delete branch %s?"
+msgstr ""
+"Os commits no ramo %s não estão presentes em mais nenhum ramo.\n"
+"Eliminar o ramo %s mesmo assim?"
+
+#: gitk:9866
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
+msgstr "Tags e cabeças: %s"
+
+#: gitk:9883
+msgid "Filter"
+msgstr "Filtrar"
+
+#: gitk:10179
+msgid ""
+"Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
+"tag information will be incomplete."
+msgstr ""
+"Erro ao ler informação de topologia do commit; a informação do ramo e da tag "
+"precedente/seguinte ficará incompleta."
+
+#: gitk:11156
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Tag"
+
+#: gitk:11160
+msgid "Id"
+msgstr "Id"
+
+#: gitk:11243
+msgid "Gitk font chooser"
+msgstr "Escolha de tipo de letra do gitk"
+
+#: gitk:11260
+msgid "B"
+msgstr "B"
+
+#: gitk:11263
+msgid "I"
+msgstr "I"
+
+#: gitk:11381
+msgid "Commit list display options"
+msgstr "Opções de visualização da lista de commits"
+
+#: gitk:11384
+msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
+msgstr "Largura máxima do gráfico (linhas)"
+
+#: gitk:11388
+#, no-tcl-format
+msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
+msgstr "Largura máxima do gráfico (% do painel)"
+
+#: gitk:11391
+msgid "Show local changes"
+msgstr "Mostrar alterações locais"
+
+#: gitk:11394
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"
+msgstr "Selecionar automaticamente SHA1 (largura)"
+
+#: gitk:11398
+msgid "Hide remote refs"
+msgstr "Ocultar referências remotas"
+
+#: gitk:11402
+msgid "Diff display options"
+msgstr "Opções de visualização de diferenças"
+
+#: gitk:11404
+msgid "Tab spacing"
+msgstr "Espaçamento da tabulação"
+
+#: gitk:11407
+msgid "Display nearby tags/heads"
+msgstr "Mostrar tags/cabeças próximas"
+
+#: gitk:11410
+msgid "Maximum # tags/heads to show"
+msgstr "Nº máximo de tags/cabeças a mostrar"
+
+#: gitk:11413
+msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
+msgstr "Limitar diferenças aos caminhos listados"
+
+#: gitk:11416
+msgid "Support per-file encodings"
+msgstr "Suportar codificação por cada ficheiro"
+
+#: gitk:11422 gitk:11569
+msgid "External diff tool"
+msgstr "Ferramenta diff externa"
+
+#: gitk:11423
+msgid "Choose..."
+msgstr "Escolher..."
+
+#: gitk:11428
+msgid "General options"
+msgstr "Opções gerais"
+
+#: gitk:11431
+msgid "Use themed widgets"
+msgstr "Usar widgets com estilo"
+
+#: gitk:11433
+msgid "(change requires restart)"
+msgstr "(alteração exige reiniciar)"
+
+#: gitk:11435
+msgid "(currently unavailable)"
+msgstr "(não disponível de momento)"
+
+#: gitk:11446
+msgid "Colors: press to choose"
+msgstr "Cores: pressione para escolher"
+
+#: gitk:11449
+msgid "Interface"
+msgstr "Interface"
+
+#: gitk:11450
+msgid "interface"
+msgstr "interface"
+
+#: gitk:11453
+msgid "Background"
+msgstr "Fundo"
+
+#: gitk:11454 gitk:11484
+msgid "background"
+msgstr "fundo"
+
+#: gitk:11457
+msgid "Foreground"
+msgstr "Primeiro plano"
+
+#: gitk:11458
+msgid "foreground"
+msgstr "primeiro plano"
+
+#: gitk:11461
+msgid "Diff: old lines"
+msgstr "Diff: linhas antigas"
+
+#: gitk:11462
+msgid "diff old lines"
+msgstr "diff linhas antigas"
+
+#: gitk:11466
+msgid "Diff: new lines"
+msgstr "Diff: linhas novas"
+
+#: gitk:11467
+msgid "diff new lines"
+msgstr "diff linhas novas"
+
+#: gitk:11471
+msgid "Diff: hunk header"
+msgstr "Diff: cabeçalho do excerto"
+
+#: gitk:11473
+msgid "diff hunk header"
+msgstr "diff cabeçalho do excerto"
+
+#: gitk:11477
+msgid "Marked line bg"
+msgstr "Fundo da linha marcada"
+
+#: gitk:11479
+msgid "marked line background"
+msgstr "fundo da linha marcada"
+
+#: gitk:11483
+msgid "Select bg"
+msgstr "Selecionar fundo"
+
+#: gitk:11492
+msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
+msgstr "Tipo de letra: pressione para escolher"
+
+#: gitk:11494
+msgid "Main font"
+msgstr "Tipo de letra principal"
+
+#: gitk:11495
+msgid "Diff display font"
+msgstr "Tipo de letra ao mostrar diferenças"
+
+#: gitk:11496
+msgid "User interface font"
+msgstr "Tipo de letra da interface de utilizador"
+
+#: gitk:11518
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "Preferências do gitk"
+
+#: gitk:11527
+msgid "General"
+msgstr "Geral"
+
+#: gitk:11528
+msgid "Colors"
+msgstr "Cores"
+
+#: gitk:11529
+msgid "Fonts"
+msgstr "Tipos de letra"
+
+#: gitk:11579
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
+msgstr "Gitk: escolher cor de %s"
+
+#: gitk:12092
+msgid ""
+"Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível executar o gitk com esta versão do Tcl/Tk.\n"
+"O gitk requer pelo menos Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+
+#: gitk:12302
+msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
+msgstr "Não foi encontrado nenhum repositório git aqui."
+
+#: gitk:12349
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
+msgstr "Argumento '%s' ambíguo: pode ser uma revisão ou um ficheiro"
+
+#: gitk:12361
+msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
+msgstr "Argumentos do gitk incorretos:"
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/ru.po b/gitk-git/po/ru.po
index 59873033af..9b08c263ea 100644
--- a/gitk-git/po/ru.po
+++ b/gitk-git/po/ru.po
@@ -1,1085 +1,1371 @@
-#
 # Translation of gitk to Russian.
 #
+# Translators:
+# 0xAX <kuleshovmail@gmail.com>, 2014
+# Alex Riesen <raa.lkml@gmail.com>, 2015
+# Dimitriy Ryazantcev <DJm00n@mail.ru>, 2015-2016
+# Dmitry Potapov <dpotapov@gmail.com>, 2009
+# Skip <bsvskip@rambler.ru>, 2011
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
-"Project-Id-Version: gitk\n"
+"Project-Id-Version: Git Russian Localization Project\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2009-04-24 16:00+0200\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-04-24 16:00+0200\n"
-"Last-Translator: Alex Riesen <raa.lkml@gmail.com>\n"
-"Language-Team: Russian\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-12-15 00:18+0200\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-12-14 22:23+0000\n"
+"Last-Translator: Dimitriy Ryazantcev <DJm00n@mail.ru>\n"
+"Language-Team: Russian (http://www.transifex.com/djm00n/git-po-ru/language/ru/)\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Language: ru\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=4; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<12 || n%100>14) ? 1 : n%10==0 || (n%10>=5 && n%10<=9) || (n%100>=11 && n%100<=14)? 2 : 3);\n"
 
-#: gitk:113
+#: gitk:140
 msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
-msgstr ""
-"�евозможно получить �пи�ок файлов незавершённой операции �ли�ни�:"
+msgstr "�евозможно получить �пи�ок файлов незавершённой операции �ли�ни�:"
+
+#: gitk:212 gitk:2403
+msgid "Color words"
+msgstr "Цветные �лова"
+
+#: gitk:217 gitk:2403 gitk:8249 gitk:8282
+msgid "Markup words"
+msgstr "Помеченые �лова"
 
-#: gitk:268
+#: gitk:324
 msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
-msgstr "Ошибка в идентификаторе вер�ии:"
+msgstr "Ошибка при разборе редакции:"
 
-#: gitk:323
+#: gitk:380
 msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
 msgstr "Ошибка выполнени� команды заданной --argscmd:"
 
-#: gitk:336
+#: gitk:393
 msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
-msgstr ""
-"Файлы не выбраны: указан --merge, но не было найдено ни одного файла "
-"где �та операци� должна быть завершена."
+msgstr "Файлы не выбраны: указан --merge, но не было найдено ни одного файла где �та операци� должна быть завершена."
 
-#: gitk:339
+#: gitk:396
 msgid ""
 "No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
 "limit."
-msgstr ""
-"Файлы не выбраны: указан --merge, но в рамках указанного "
-"ограничени� на имена файлов нет ни одного "
-"где �та операци� должна быть завершена."
+msgstr "Файлы не выбраны: указан --merge, но в рамках указанного ограничени� на имена файлов нет ни одного где �та операци� должна быть завершена."
 
-#: gitk:361 gitk:508
+#: gitk:418 gitk:566
 msgid "Error executing git log:"
 msgstr "Ошибка запу�ка git log:"
 
-#: gitk:379
+#: gitk:436 gitk:582
 msgid "Reading"
 msgstr "Чтение"
 
-#: gitk:439 gitk:4021
+#: gitk:496 gitk:4549
 msgid "Reading commits..."
-msgstr "Чтение вер�ий..."
+msgstr "Чтение коммитов..."
 
-#: gitk:442 gitk:1560 gitk:4024
+#: gitk:499 gitk:1641 gitk:4552
 msgid "No commits selected"
 msgstr "�ичего не выбрано"
 
-#: gitk:1436
+#: gitk:1449 gitk:4069 gitk:12583
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Командна� �трока"
+
+#: gitk:1515
 msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
 msgstr "Ошибка обработки вывода команды git log:"
 
-#: gitk:1656
+#: gitk:1744
 msgid "No commit information available"
-msgstr "�ет информации о �о�то�нии"
+msgstr "�ет информации о коммите"
 
-#: gitk:1791 gitk:1815 gitk:3814 gitk:8478 gitk:10014 gitk:10186
+#: gitk:1907 gitk:1936 gitk:4339 gitk:9789 gitk:11388 gitk:11668
 msgid "OK"
 msgstr "Ok"
 
-#: gitk:1817 gitk:3816 gitk:8078 gitk:8152 gitk:8259 gitk:8308 gitk:8480
-#: gitk:10015 gitk:10187
+#: gitk:1938 gitk:4341 gitk:9225 gitk:9304 gitk:9434 gitk:9520 gitk:9791
+#: gitk:11389 gitk:11669
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Отмена"
 
-#: gitk:1915
-msgid "Update"
+#: gitk:2087
+msgid "&Update"
 msgstr "Обновить"
 
-#: gitk:1916
-msgid "Reload"
+#: gitk:2088
+msgid "&Reload"
 msgstr "Перечитать"
 
-#: gitk:1917
-msgid "Reread references"
+#: gitk:2089
+msgid "Reread re&ferences"
 msgstr "Обновить �пи�ок ��ылок"
 
-#: gitk:1918
-msgid "List references"
+#: gitk:2090
+msgid "&List references"
 msgstr "Спи�ок ��ылок"
 
-#: gitk:1920
-msgid "Start git gui"
+#: gitk:2092
+msgid "Start git &gui"
 msgstr "Запу�тить git gui"
 
-#: gitk:1922
-msgid "Quit"
+#: gitk:2094
+msgid "&Quit"
 msgstr "Завершить"
 
-#: gitk:1914
-msgid "File"
+#: gitk:2086
+msgid "&File"
 msgstr "Файл"
 
-#: gitk:1925
-msgid "Preferences"
+#: gitk:2098
+msgid "&Preferences"
 msgstr "�а�тройки"
 
-#: gitk:1924
-msgid "Edit"
+#: gitk:2097
+msgid "&Edit"
 msgstr "Редактировать"
 
-#: gitk:1928
-msgid "New view..."
+#: gitk:2102
+msgid "&New view..."
 msgstr "�овое пред�тавление..."
 
-#: gitk:1929
-msgid "Edit view..."
+#: gitk:2103
+msgid "&Edit view..."
 msgstr "Редактировать пред�тавление..."
 
-#: gitk:1930
-msgid "Delete view"
+#: gitk:2104
+msgid "&Delete view"
 msgstr "Удалить пред�тавление"
 
-#: gitk:1932
-msgid "All files"
+#: gitk:2106
+msgid "&All files"
 msgstr "В�е файлы"
 
-#: gitk:1927 gitk:3626
-msgid "View"
+#: gitk:2101
+msgid "&View"
 msgstr "Пред�тавление"
 
-#: gitk:1935 gitk:2609
-msgid "About gitk"
+#: gitk:2111 gitk:2121
+msgid "&About gitk"
 msgstr "О gitk"
 
-#: gitk:1936
-msgid "Key bindings"
+#: gitk:2112 gitk:2126
+msgid "&Key bindings"
 msgstr "�азначени� клавиатуры"
 
-#: gitk:1934
-msgid "Help"
+#: gitk:2110 gitk:2125
+msgid "&Help"
 msgstr "Под�казка"
 
-#: gitk:1994
-msgid "SHA1 ID: "
-msgstr "SHA1:"
+#: gitk:2203 gitk:8681
+msgid "SHA1 ID:"
+msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
 
-#: gitk:2025
+#: gitk:2247
 msgid "Row"
 msgstr "Строка"
 
-#: gitk:2056
+#: gitk:2285
 msgid "Find"
 msgstr "Пои�к"
 
-#: gitk:2057
-msgid "next"
-msgstr "След."
-
-#: gitk:2058
-msgid "prev"
-msgstr "Пред."
-
-#: gitk:2059
+#: gitk:2313
 msgid "commit"
-msgstr "�о�то�ние"
+msgstr "коммит"
 
-#: gitk:2062 gitk:2064 gitk:4179 gitk:4202 gitk:4226 gitk:6164 gitk:6236
-#: gitk:6320
+#: gitk:2317 gitk:2319 gitk:4711 gitk:4734 gitk:4758 gitk:6779 gitk:6851
+#: gitk:6936
 msgid "containing:"
 msgstr "�одержащее:"
 
-#: gitk:2065 gitk:3117 gitk:3122 gitk:4254
+#: gitk:2320 gitk:3550 gitk:3555 gitk:4787
 msgid "touching paths:"
 msgstr "ка�ательно файлов:"
 
-#: gitk:2066 gitk:4259
+#: gitk:2321 gitk:4801
 msgid "adding/removing string:"
 msgstr "добавив/удалив �троку:"
 
-#: gitk:2075 gitk:2077
+#: gitk:2322 gitk:4803
+msgid "changing lines matching:"
+msgstr "измен�� �овпадающие �троки:"
+
+#: gitk:2331 gitk:2333 gitk:4790
 msgid "Exact"
 msgstr "Точно"
 
-#: gitk:2077 gitk:4334 gitk:6132
+#: gitk:2333 gitk:4878 gitk:6747
 msgid "IgnCase"
 msgstr "Игнорировать большие/маленькие"
 
-#: gitk:2077 gitk:4228 gitk:4332 gitk:6128
+#: gitk:2333 gitk:4760 gitk:4876 gitk:6743
 msgid "Regexp"
 msgstr "Регул�рные выражени�"
 
-#: gitk:2079 gitk:2080 gitk:4353 gitk:4383 gitk:4390 gitk:6256 gitk:6324
+#: gitk:2335 gitk:2336 gitk:4898 gitk:4928 gitk:4935 gitk:6872 gitk:6940
 msgid "All fields"
 msgstr "Во в�ех пол�х"
 
-#: gitk:2080 gitk:4351 gitk:4383 gitk:6195
+#: gitk:2336 gitk:4895 gitk:4928 gitk:6810
 msgid "Headline"
 msgstr "Заголовок"
 
-#: gitk:2081 gitk:4351 gitk:6195 gitk:6324 gitk:6737
+#: gitk:2337 gitk:4895 gitk:6810 gitk:6940 gitk:7413
 msgid "Comments"
 msgstr "Комментарии"
 
-#: gitk:2081 gitk:4351 gitk:4355 gitk:4390 gitk:6195 gitk:6672 gitk:7923
-#: gitk:7938
+#: gitk:2337 gitk:4895 gitk:4900 gitk:4935 gitk:6810 gitk:7348 gitk:8859
+#: gitk:8874
 msgid "Author"
 msgstr "�втор"
 
-#: gitk:2081 gitk:4351 gitk:6195 gitk:6674
+#: gitk:2337 gitk:4895 gitk:6810 gitk:7350
 msgid "Committer"
-msgstr "Сохранивший �о�то�ние"
+msgstr "Коммитер"
 
-#: gitk:2110
+#: gitk:2371
 msgid "Search"
 msgstr "�айти"
 
-#: gitk:2117
+#: gitk:2379
 msgid "Diff"
 msgstr "Сравнить"
 
-#: gitk:2119
+#: gitk:2381
 msgid "Old version"
 msgstr "Стара� вер�и�"
 
-#: gitk:2121
+#: gitk:2383
 msgid "New version"
 msgstr "�ова� вер�и�"
 
-#: gitk:2123
+#: gitk:2386
 msgid "Lines of context"
 msgstr "Строк контек�та"
 
-#: gitk:2133
+#: gitk:2396
 msgid "Ignore space change"
 msgstr "Игнорировать пробелы"
 
-#: gitk:2191
+#: gitk:2400 gitk:2402 gitk:7983 gitk:8235
+msgid "Line diff"
+msgstr "Изменени� �трок"
+
+#: gitk:2467
 msgid "Patch"
 msgstr "Патч"
 
-#: gitk:2193
+#: gitk:2469
 msgid "Tree"
 msgstr "Файлы"
 
-#: gitk:2326 gitk:2339
+#: gitk:2639 gitk:2660
 msgid "Diff this -> selected"
-msgstr "Сравнить �то �о�то�ние � выделенным"
+msgstr "Сравнить �тот коммит � выделенным"
 
-#: gitk:2327 gitk:2340
+#: gitk:2640 gitk:2661
 msgid "Diff selected -> this"
-msgstr "Сравнить выделенное � �тим �о�то�нием"
+msgstr "Сравнить выделенный � �тим коммитом"
 
-#: gitk:2328 gitk:2341
+#: gitk:2641 gitk:2662
 msgid "Make patch"
 msgstr "Создать патч"
 
-#: gitk:2329 gitk:8136
+#: gitk:2642 gitk:9283
 msgid "Create tag"
 msgstr "Создать метку"
 
-#: gitk:2330 gitk:8239
+#: gitk:2643
+msgid "Copy commit summary"
+msgstr "Копировать информацию о коммите"
+
+#: gitk:2644 gitk:9414
 msgid "Write commit to file"
-msgstr "Сохранить изменени� в файл"
+msgstr "Сохранить коммит в файл"
 
-#: gitk:2331 gitk:8296
+#: gitk:2645
 msgid "Create new branch"
-msgstr "Создать ветвь"
+msgstr "Создать ветку"
 
-#: gitk:2332
+#: gitk:2646
 msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
-msgstr "Скопировать �то �о�то�ние"
+msgstr "Копировать �тот коммит в текущую ветку"
 
-#: gitk:2333
+#: gitk:2647
 msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
-msgstr "У�тановить HEAD на �то �о�то�ние"
+msgstr "У�тановить HEAD на �тот коммит"
+
+#: gitk:2648
+msgid "Mark this commit"
+msgstr "Пометить �тот коммит"
 
-#: gitk:2347
+#: gitk:2649
+msgid "Return to mark"
+msgstr "Вернуть�� на пометку"
+
+#: gitk:2650
+msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
+msgstr "�айти и пометить потомка �того коммита"
+
+#: gitk:2651
+msgid "Compare with marked commit"
+msgstr "Сравнить � помеченным коммитом"
+
+#: gitk:2652 gitk:2663
+msgid "Diff this -> marked commit"
+msgstr "Сравнить выделенное � помеченным коммитом"
+
+#: gitk:2653 gitk:2664
+msgid "Diff marked commit -> this"
+msgstr "Сравнить помеченный � �тим коммитом"
+
+#: gitk:2654
+msgid "Revert this commit"
+msgstr "Обратить изменени� �того коммита"
+
+#: gitk:2670
 msgid "Check out this branch"
-msgstr "Перейти на �ту ветвь"
+msgstr "Перейти на �ту ветку"
+
+#: gitk:2671
+msgid "Rename this branch"
+msgstr "Переименовать �ту ветку"
 
-#: gitk:2348
+#: gitk:2672
 msgid "Remove this branch"
-msgstr "Удалить �ту ветвь"
+msgstr "Удалить �ту ветку"
+
+#: gitk:2673
+msgid "Copy branch name"
+msgstr "Копировать им� ветки"
 
-#: gitk:2355
+#: gitk:2680
 msgid "Highlight this too"
 msgstr "Под�ветить �тот тоже"
 
-#: gitk:2356
+#: gitk:2681
 msgid "Highlight this only"
 msgstr "Под�ветить только �тот"
 
-#: gitk:2357
+#: gitk:2682
 msgid "External diff"
 msgstr "Программа �равнени�"
 
-#: gitk:2358
+#: gitk:2683
 msgid "Blame parent commit"
-msgstr "�ннотировать родитель�кое �о�то�ние"
+msgstr "�вторы изменений родитель�кого коммита"
+
+#: gitk:2684
+msgid "Copy path"
+msgstr "Копировать путь"
 
-#: gitk:2365
+#: gitk:2691
 msgid "Show origin of this line"
 msgstr "Показать и�точник �той �троки"
 
-#: gitk:2366
+#: gitk:2692
 msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
 msgstr "Запу�тить git gui blame дл� �той �троки"
 
-#: gitk:2611
+#: gitk:3036
+msgid "About gitk"
+msgstr "О gitk"
+
+#: gitk:3038
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
-msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"Gitk - программа про�мотра и�тории репозиториев Git\n"
-"\n"
-"Copyright \\u00a9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
-"\n"
-"И�пользование и ра�про�транение �огла�но у�лови�м GNU General Public License"
+msgstr "\nGitk — программа про�мотра и�тории репозиториев git\n\n© 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n\nИ�пользование и ра�про�транение �огла�но у�лови�м GNU General Public License"
 
-#: gitk:2619 gitk:2681 gitk:8661
+#: gitk:3046 gitk:3113 gitk:10004
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "Закрыть"
 
-#: gitk:2638
+#: gitk:3067
 msgid "Gitk key bindings"
 msgstr "�азначени� клавиатуры в Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2641
+#: gitk:3070
 msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
 msgstr "�азначени� клавиатуры в Gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:2643
+#: gitk:3072
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
 msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tЗавершить"
 
-#: gitk:2644
+#: gitk:3073
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-W>\t\tClose window"
+msgstr "<%s-W>\t\tЗакрыть окно"
+
+#: gitk:3074
 msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
-msgstr "<Home>\t\tПерейти к первому �о�то�нию"
+msgstr "<Home>\t\tПерейти к первому коммиту"
 
-#: gitk:2645
+#: gitk:3075
 msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
-msgstr "<End>\t\tПерейти к по�леднему �о�то�нию"
+msgstr "<End>\t\tПерейти к по�леднему коммиту"
 
-#: gitk:2646
-msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
-msgstr "<Up>, p, i\tПерейти к �ледующему �о�то�нию"
+#: gitk:3076
+msgid "<Up>, p, k\tMove up one commit"
+msgstr "<Up>, p, k\tПерейти на один коммит вверх"
 
-#: gitk:2647
-msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
-msgstr "<Down>, n, k\tПерейти к предыдущему �о�то�нию"
+#: gitk:3077
+msgid "<Down>, n, j\tMove down one commit"
+msgstr "<Down>, n, j\tПерейти на один коммит вниз"
 
-#: gitk:2648
-msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
-msgstr "<Left>, z, j\tПоказать ранее по�ещённое �о�то�ние"
+#: gitk:3078
+msgid "<Left>, z, h\tGo back in history list"
+msgstr "<Left>, z, h\tПоказать ранее по�ещённое �о�то�ние"
 
-#: gitk:2649
+#: gitk:3079
 msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
-msgstr "<Right>, x, l\tПоказать �ледующее по�ещённое �о�то�ние"
+msgstr "<Right>, x, l\tПоказать �ледующий по�ещённый коммит"
 
-#: gitk:2650
+#: gitk:3080
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-n>\tGo to n-th parent of current commit in history list"
+msgstr "<%s-n>\tПерейти на n родител� от текущего коммита"
+
+#: gitk:3081
 msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
-msgstr "<PageUp>\tПерейти на �траницу выше в �пи�ке �о�то�ний"
+msgstr "<PageUp>\tПерейти на �траницу выше в �пи�ке коммитов"
 
-#: gitk:2651
+#: gitk:3082
 msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
-msgstr "<PageDown>\tПерейти на �траницу ниже в �пи�ке �о�то�ний"
+msgstr "<PageDown>\tПерейти на �траницу ниже в �пи�ке коммитов"
 
-#: gitk:2652
+#: gitk:3083
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
-msgstr "<%s-Home>\tПоказать начало �пи�ка �о�то�ний"
+msgstr "<%s-Home>\tПерейти на начало �пи�ка коммитов"
 
-#: gitk:2653
+#: gitk:3084
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
-msgstr "<%s-End>\tПоказать конец �пи�ка �о�то�ний"
+msgstr "<%s-End>\tПерейти на конец �пи�ка коммитов"
 
-#: gitk:2654
+#: gitk:3085
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
-msgstr "<%s-Up>\tПровернуть �пи�ок �о�то�ний вверх"
+msgstr "<%s-Up>\tПровернуть �пи�ок коммитов вверх"
 
-#: gitk:2655
+#: gitk:3086
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
-msgstr "<%s-Down>\tПровернуть �пи�ок �о�то�ний вниз"
+msgstr "<%s-Down>\tПровернуть �пи�ок коммитов вниз"
 
-#: gitk:2656
+#: gitk:3087
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
-msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tПровернуть �пи�ок �о�то�ний на �траницу вверх"
+msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tПровернуть �пи�ок коммитов на �траницу вверх"
 
-#: gitk:2657
+#: gitk:3088
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
-msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tПровернуть �пи�ок �о�то�ний на �траницу вниз"
+msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tПровернуть �пи�ок коммитов на �траницу вниз"
 
-#: gitk:2658
+#: gitk:3089
 msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
-msgstr ""
-"<Shift-Up>\tПои�к в обратном пор�дке (вверх, �реди новых �о�то�ний)"
+msgstr "<Shift-Up>\tПои�к в обратном пор�дке (вверх, �реди новых коммитов)"
 
-#: gitk:2659
+#: gitk:3090
 msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
-msgstr "<Shift-Down>\tПои�к (вниз, �реди �тарых �о�то�ний)"
+msgstr "<Shift-Down>\tПои�к (вниз, �реди �тарых коммитов)"
 
-#: gitk:2660
+#: gitk:3091
 msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Delete>, b\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений на �траницу выше"
 
-#: gitk:2661
+#: gitk:3092
 msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Backspace>\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений на �траницу выше"
 
-#: gitk:2662
+#: gitk:3093
 msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
 msgstr "<Leertaste>\t\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений на �траницу ниже"
 
-#: gitk:2663
+#: gitk:3094
 msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
 msgstr "u\t\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений на 18 �трок вверх"
 
-#: gitk:2664
+#: gitk:3095
 msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
 msgstr "d\t\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений на 18 �трок вниз"
 
-#: gitk:2665
+#: gitk:3096
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
 msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tПои�к"
 
-#: gitk:2666
+#: gitk:3097
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
-msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tПерейти к �ледующему найденному �о�то�нию"
+msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tПерейти к �ледующему найденному коммиту"
 
-#: gitk:2667
+#: gitk:3098
 msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
-msgstr "<Return>\tПерейти к �ледующему найденному �о�то�нию"
+msgstr "<Return>\tПерейти к �ледующему найденному коммиту"
+
+#: gitk:3099
+msgid "g\t\tGo to commit"
+msgstr "g\t\tПерейти на коммит"
 
-#: gitk:2668
+#: gitk:3100
 msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
 msgstr "/\t\tПерейти к полю пои�ка"
 
-#: gitk:2669
+#: gitk:3101
 msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
-msgstr "?\t\tПерейти к предыдущему найденному �о�то�нию"
+msgstr "?\t\tПерейти к предыдущему найденному коммиту"
 
-#: gitk:2670
+#: gitk:3102
 msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
 msgstr "f\t\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений к �ледующему файлу"
 
-#: gitk:2671
+#: gitk:3103
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tПродолжить пои�к в �пи�ке изменений"
 
-#: gitk:2672
+#: gitk:3104
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tПерейти к предыдущему найденному тек�ту в �пи�ке изменений"
 
-#: gitk:2673
+#: gitk:3105
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-KP+>\tУвеличить размер шрифта"
 
-#: gitk:2674
+#: gitk:3106
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-plus>\tУвеличить размер шрифта"
 
-#: gitk:2675
+#: gitk:3107
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-KP->\tУменьшить размер шрифта"
 
-#: gitk:2676
+#: gitk:3108
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-minus>\tУменьшить размер шрифта"
 
-#: gitk:2677
+#: gitk:3109
 msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
 msgstr "<F5>\t\tОбновить"
 
-#: gitk:3132
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
-msgstr "Ошибка получени� \"%s\" из %s:"
-
-#: gitk:3189 gitk:3198
+#: gitk:3574 gitk:3583
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
 msgstr "Ошибка �оздани� временного каталога %s:"
 
-#: gitk:3211
+#: gitk:3596
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
+msgstr "Ошибка получени� «%s» из %s:"
+
+#: gitk:3659
 msgid "command failed:"
 msgstr "ошибка выполнени� команды:"
 
-#: gitk:3357
+#: gitk:3808
 msgid "No such commit"
-msgstr "Со�то�ние не найдено"
+msgstr "Коммит не найден"
 
-#: gitk:3371
+#: gitk:3822
 msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
 msgstr "git gui blame: ошибка выполнени� команды:"
 
-#: gitk:3402
+#: gitk:3853
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
 msgstr "Ошибка чтени� MERGE_HEAD: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3410
+#: gitk:3861
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error reading index: %s"
 msgstr "Ошибка чтени� индек�а: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3435
+#: gitk:3886
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Ошибка запу�ка git blame: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3438 gitk:6163
+#: gitk:3889 gitk:6778
 msgid "Searching"
 msgstr "Пои�к"
 
-#: gitk:3470
+#: gitk:3921
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Ошибка выполнени� git blame: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3498
+#: gitk:3949
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
-msgstr ""
-"Эта �трока принадлежит �о�то�нию %s, которое не показано в �том "
-"пред�тавлении"
+msgstr "Эта �трока принадлежит коммиту %s, который не показан в �том пред�тавлении"
 
-#: gitk:3512
+#: gitk:3963
 msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
 msgstr "Ошибка выполнени� программы �равнени�:"
 
-#: gitk:3630
+#: gitk:4067
+msgid "All files"
+msgstr "В�е файлы"
+
+#: gitk:4091
+msgid "View"
+msgstr "Пред�тавление"
+
+#: gitk:4094
 msgid "Gitk view definition"
 msgstr "Gitk определение пред�тавлений"
 
-#: gitk:3634
+#: gitk:4098
 msgid "Remember this view"
 msgstr "Запомнить пред�тавление"
 
-#: gitk:3635
-msgid "Commits to include (arguments to git log):"
-msgstr "Включить �о�то�ни� (аргументы дл� git-log):"
+#: gitk:4099
+msgid "References (space separated list):"
+msgstr "С�ылки (разделённые пробелом):"
 
-#: gitk:3636
-msgid "Use all refs"
-msgstr "И�пользовать в�е ветви"
+#: gitk:4100
+msgid "Branches & tags:"
+msgstr "Ветки и метки"
 
-#: gitk:3637
-msgid "Strictly sort by date"
-msgstr "Строга� �ортировка по дате"
+#: gitk:4101
+msgid "All refs"
+msgstr "В�е ��ылки"
 
-#: gitk:3638
-msgid "Mark branch sides"
-msgstr "Отметить �тороны ветвей"
+#: gitk:4102
+msgid "All (local) branches"
+msgstr "В�е (локальные) ветки"
+
+#: gitk:4103
+msgid "All tags"
+msgstr "В�е метки"
+
+#: gitk:4104
+msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "В�е внешние от�леживаемые ветки"
+
+#: gitk:4105
+msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
+msgstr "Информаци� о коммите (регул�рные выражени�):"
+
+#: gitk:4106
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "�втор:"
+
+#: gitk:4107
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Коммитер:"
+
+#: gitk:4108
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Сообщение коммита:"
+
+#: gitk:4109
+msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "Совпадает �о в�еми у�лови�ми информации о коммите"
+
+#: gitk:4110
+msgid "Matches no Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "�е �овпадает � у�лови�ми информации о коммите"
+
+#: gitk:4111
+msgid "Changes to Files:"
+msgstr "Изменени� файлов:"
+
+#: gitk:4112
+msgid "Fixed String"
+msgstr "Обычна� �трока"
+
+#: gitk:4113
+msgid "Regular Expression"
+msgstr "Регул�рное выражение:"
+
+#: gitk:4114
+msgid "Search string:"
+msgstr "Строка дл� пои�ка:"
 
-#: gitk:3639
-msgid "Since date:"
+#: gitk:4115
+msgid ""
+"Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
+"15:27:38\"):"
+msgstr "Даты коммита («2 недели назад», «2009-03-17 15:27:38», «17 марта 2009 15:27:38»):"
+
+#: gitk:4116
+msgid "Since:"
 msgstr "С даты:"
 
-#: gitk:3640
-msgid "Until date:"
+#: gitk:4117
+msgid "Until:"
 msgstr "По дату:"
 
-#: gitk:3641
-msgid "Max count:"
-msgstr "Мак�. количе�тво:"
+#: gitk:4118
+msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
+msgstr "Ограничить и/или пропу�тить количе�тво редакций (положительное чи�ло):"
+
+#: gitk:4119
+msgid "Number to show:"
+msgstr "Показать количе�тво:"
+
+#: gitk:4120
+msgid "Number to skip:"
+msgstr "Пропу�тить количе�тво:"
+
+#: gitk:4121
+msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
+msgstr "Различные опции:"
+
+#: gitk:4122
+msgid "Strictly sort by date"
+msgstr "Строга� �ортировка по дате"
 
-#: gitk:3642
-msgid "Skip:"
-msgstr "Пропу�тить:"
+#: gitk:4123
+msgid "Mark branch sides"
+msgstr "Отметить �тороны веток"
 
-#: gitk:3643
+#: gitk:4124
 msgid "Limit to first parent"
 msgstr "Ограничить первым предком"
 
-#: gitk:3644
-msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
-msgstr "Дополнительна� команда дл� �пи�ка �о�то�ний:"
+#: gitk:4125
+msgid "Simple history"
+msgstr "Упрощенна� и�тори�"
 
-#: gitk:3753
-msgid "Name"
-msgstr "Им�"
+#: gitk:4126
+msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
+msgstr "Дополнительные аргументы дл� git log:"
 
-#: gitk:3801
+#: gitk:4127
 msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
 msgstr "Файлы и каталоги дл� ограничени� и�тории, по одному на �троку:"
 
-#: gitk:3815
+#: gitk:4128
+msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
+msgstr "Дополнительна� команда дл� �пи�ка коммитов:"
+
+#: gitk:4252
+msgid "Gitk: edit view"
+msgstr "Gitk: изменить пред�тавление"
+
+#: gitk:4260
+msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
+msgstr "— критерий пои�ка редакций"
+
+#: gitk:4265
+msgid "View Name"
+msgstr "Им� пред�тавлени�"
+
+#: gitk:4340
 msgid "Apply (F5)"
 msgstr "Применить (F5)"
 
-#: gitk:3853
+#: gitk:4378
 msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
-msgstr "Ошибка в параметрах выбора �о�то�ний:"
+msgstr "Ошибка в параметрах выбора коммитов:"
 
-#: gitk:3906 gitk:3958 gitk:4403 gitk:4417 gitk:5675 gitk:10867 gitk:10868
+#: gitk:4433 gitk:4486 gitk:4948 gitk:4962 gitk:6232 gitk:12524 gitk:12525
 msgid "None"
 msgstr "�и одного"
 
-#: gitk:4351 gitk:6195 gitk:7925 gitk:7940
-msgid "Date"
-msgstr "Дата"
-
-#: gitk:4351 gitk:6195
-msgid "CDate"
-msgstr "Дата ввода"
-
-#: gitk:4500 gitk:4505
+#: gitk:5045 gitk:5050
 msgid "Descendant"
 msgstr "Порождённое"
 
-#: gitk:4501
+#: gitk:5046
 msgid "Not descendant"
 msgstr "�е порождённое"
 
-#: gitk:4508 gitk:4513
+#: gitk:5053 gitk:5058
 msgid "Ancestor"
 msgstr "Предок"
 
-#: gitk:4509
+#: gitk:5054
 msgid "Not ancestor"
 msgstr "�е предок"
 
-#: gitk:4799
+#: gitk:5348
 msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
-msgstr "Изменени� зареги�трированные в индек�е, но не �охранённые"
+msgstr "Проиндек�ированные изменени�"
 
-#: gitk:4835
+#: gitk:5384
 msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
-msgstr "Изменени� в рабочем каталоге, не зареги�трированные в индек�е"
+msgstr "�епроиндек�ированные изменени�"
+
+#: gitk:7158
+msgid "and many more"
+msgstr "и многое другое"
 
-#: gitk:6676
+#: gitk:7161
+msgid "many"
+msgstr "много"
+
+#: gitk:7352
 msgid "Tags:"
-msgstr "Таги:"
+msgstr "Метки:"
 
-#: gitk:6693 gitk:6699 gitk:7918
+#: gitk:7369 gitk:7375 gitk:8854
 msgid "Parent"
 msgstr "Предок"
 
-#: gitk:6704
+#: gitk:7380
 msgid "Child"
 msgstr "Потомок"
 
-#: gitk:6713
+#: gitk:7389
 msgid "Branch"
-msgstr "Ветвь"
+msgstr "Ветка"
 
-#: gitk:6716
+#: gitk:7392
 msgid "Follows"
 msgstr "Следует за"
 
-#: gitk:6719
+#: gitk:7395
 msgid "Precedes"
 msgstr "Предше�твует"
 
-#: gitk:7212
+#: gitk:7990
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
 msgstr "Ошибка получени� изменений: %s"
 
-#: gitk:7751
+#: gitk:8679
 msgid "Goto:"
 msgstr "Перейти к:"
 
-#: gitk:7753
-msgid "SHA1 ID:"
-msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
-
-#: gitk:7772
+#: gitk:8700
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
 msgstr "Сокращённый SHA1 идентификатор %s неоднозначен"
 
-#: gitk:7784
+#: gitk:8707
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revision %s is not known"
+msgstr "Редакци� %s не найдена"
+
+#: gitk:8717
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
 msgstr "SHA1 идентификатор %s не найден"
 
-#: gitk:7786
+#: gitk:8719
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Tag/Head %s is not known"
-msgstr "Метка или ветвь %s не найдена"
+msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
+msgstr "Редакци� %s не найдена в текущем пред�тавлении"
+
+#: gitk:8861 gitk:8876
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Дата"
 
-#: gitk:7928
+#: gitk:8864
 msgid "Children"
 msgstr "Потомки"
 
-#: gitk:7985
+#: gitk:8927
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
-msgstr "У�тановить ветвь %s на �то �о�то�ние"
+msgstr "Сбро�ить ветку %s на �тот коммит"
 
-#: gitk:7987
+#: gitk:8929
 msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
-msgstr "Со�то�ние не принадлежит ни одной ветви, переход невозможен"
+msgstr "Коммит не принадлежит ни одной ветке, �бро�ить невозможно"
+
+#: gitk:9034 gitk:9040
+msgid "Skipping merge commit "
+msgstr "Пропу�каю коммит-�ли�ние"
+
+#: gitk:9049 gitk:9054
+msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
+msgstr "�е удало�ь получить идентификатор патча дл� "
+
+#: gitk:9050 gitk:9055
+msgid " - stopping\n"
+msgstr " — о�танов\n"
+
+#: gitk:9060 gitk:9063 gitk:9071 gitk:9085 gitk:9094
+msgid "Commit "
+msgstr "Коммит"
+
+#: gitk:9064
+msgid ""
+" is the same patch as\n"
+"       "
+msgstr " такой же патч, как и\n       "
 
-#: gitk:8019
+#: gitk:9072
+msgid ""
+" differs from\n"
+"       "
+msgstr " отличает�� от\n       "
+
+#: gitk:9074
+msgid ""
+"Diff of commits:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr "Различи� коммитов:\n\n"
+
+#: gitk:9086 gitk:9095
+#, tcl-format
+msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
+msgstr " �вл�ет�� %s потомком — о�танов\n"
+
+#: gitk:9114
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
+msgstr "Произошла ошибка при запи�и коммита в файл: %s"
+
+#: gitk:9120
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
+msgstr "Произошла ошибка при выводе различий коммитов: %s"
+
+#: gitk:9166
 msgid "Top"
 msgstr "Верх"
 
-#: gitk:8020
+#: gitk:9167
 msgid "From"
 msgstr "От"
 
-#: gitk:8025
+#: gitk:9172
 msgid "To"
 msgstr "До"
 
-#: gitk:8049
+#: gitk:9196
 msgid "Generate patch"
 msgstr "Создать патч"
 
-#: gitk:8051
+#: gitk:9198
 msgid "From:"
 msgstr "От:"
 
-#: gitk:8060
+#: gitk:9207
 msgid "To:"
 msgstr "До:"
 
-#: gitk:8069
+#: gitk:9216
 msgid "Reverse"
 msgstr "В обратном пор�дке"
 
-#: gitk:8071 gitk:8253
+#: gitk:9218 gitk:9428
 msgid "Output file:"
 msgstr "Файл дл� �охранени�:"
 
-#: gitk:8077
+#: gitk:9224
 msgid "Generate"
 msgstr "Создать"
 
-#: gitk:8115
+#: gitk:9262
 msgid "Error creating patch:"
 msgstr "Ошибка �оздани� патча:"
 
-#: gitk:8138 gitk:8241 gitk:8298
+#: gitk:9285 gitk:9416 gitk:9504
 msgid "ID:"
 msgstr "ID:"
 
-#: gitk:8147
+#: gitk:9294
 msgid "Tag name:"
 msgstr "Им� метки:"
 
-#: gitk:8151 gitk:8307
+#: gitk:9297
+msgid "Tag message is optional"
+msgstr "Опи�ание метки указывать не об�зательно"
+
+#: gitk:9299
+msgid "Tag message:"
+msgstr "Опи�ание метки:"
+
+#: gitk:9303 gitk:9474
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "Создать"
 
-#: gitk:8168
+#: gitk:9321
 msgid "No tag name specified"
 msgstr "�е задано им� метки"
 
-#: gitk:8172
+#: gitk:9325
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
-msgstr "Метка \"%s\" уже �уще�твует"
+msgstr "Метка «%s» уже �уще�твует"
 
-#: gitk:8178
+#: gitk:9335
 msgid "Error creating tag:"
 msgstr "Ошибка �оздани� метки:"
 
-#: gitk:8250
+#: gitk:9425
 msgid "Command:"
 msgstr "Команда:"
 
-#: gitk:8258
+#: gitk:9433
 msgid "Write"
 msgstr "Запи�ь"
 
-#: gitk:8276
+#: gitk:9451
 msgid "Error writing commit:"
-msgstr "Ошибка �охранени� �о�то�ни�:"
+msgstr "Произошла ошибка при запи�и коммита:"
+
+#: gitk:9473
+msgid "Create branch"
+msgstr "Создать ветку"
+
+#: gitk:9489
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Rename branch %s"
+msgstr "Переименовать ветку %s"
+
+#: gitk:9490
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr "Переименовать"
 
-#: gitk:8303
+#: gitk:9514
 msgid "Name:"
 msgstr "Им�:"
 
-#: gitk:8326
+#: gitk:9538
 msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
-msgstr "Укажите им� дл� новой ветви"
+msgstr "Укажите им� дл� новой ветки"
 
-#: gitk:8331
+#: gitk:9543
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
-msgstr "Ветвь '%s' уже �уще�твует. Перепи�ать?"
+msgstr "Ветка «%s» уже �уще�твует. Перепи�ать?"
+
+#: gitk:9587
+msgid "Please specify a new name for the branch"
+msgstr "Укажите им� дл� новой ветки"
 
-#: gitk:8397
+#: gitk:9650
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
-msgstr ""
-"Со�то�ние %s уже принадлежит ветви %s. Продолжить операцию?"
+msgstr "Коммит %s уже включён в ветку %s. Продолжить операцию?"
 
-#: gitk:8402
+#: gitk:9655
 msgid "Cherry-picking"
-msgstr "Копирование изменений"
+msgstr "Копирование коммита"
 
-#: gitk:8411
+#: gitk:9664
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
 "Please commit, reset or stash your changes and try again."
-msgstr ""
-"Копирование невозможно из-за изменений в файле '%s'.\n"
-"Сохраните или отмените изменени� и повторите операцию."
+msgstr "Копирование коммита невозможно из-за изменений в файле «%s».\nЗакоммитьте, �бро�ьте или �пр�чьте изменени� и повторите операцию."
 
-#: gitk:8417
+#: gitk:9670
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
 "Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
-msgstr ""
-"Копирование изменений невозможно из-за незавершённой операции "
-"�ли�ни�.\nЗапу�тить git citool дл� завершени� �той операции?"
+msgstr "Копирование изменений невозможно из-за незавершённой операции �ли�ни�.\nЗапу�тить git citool дл� завершени� �той операции?"
 
-#: gitk:8433
+#: gitk:9686 gitk:9744
 msgid "No changes committed"
-msgstr "Изменени� не �охранены"
+msgstr "Изменени� не закоммичены"
+
+#: gitk:9713
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is not included in branch %s -- really revert it?"
+msgstr "Коммит %s не включён в ветку %s. Продолжить операцию?"
+
+#: gitk:9718
+msgid "Reverting"
+msgstr "Обращение изменений"
 
-#: gitk:8459
+#: gitk:9726
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of local changes to the following files:%s Please "
+"commit, reset or stash  your changes and try again."
+msgstr "Возврат изменений коммита не удал�� из-за локальных изменений в указанных файлах: %s\nЗакоммитьте, �бро�ьте или �пр�чьте изменени� и повторите операцию."
+
+#: gitk:9730
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+" Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr "Возврат изменений невозможен из-за незавершённой операции �ли�ни�.\nЗапу�тить git citool дл� завершени� �той операции?"
+
+#: gitk:9773
 msgid "Confirm reset"
 msgstr "Подтвердите операцию перехода"
 
-#: gitk:8461
+#: gitk:9775
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
-msgstr "У�тановить ветвь %s на �о�то�ние %s?"
+msgstr "Сбро�ить ветку %s на коммит %s?"
 
-#: gitk:8465
+#: gitk:9777
 msgid "Reset type:"
 msgstr "Тип операции перехода:"
 
-#: gitk:8469
+#: gitk:9780
 msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
 msgstr "Лёгкий: о�тавить рабочий каталог и индек� неизменными"
 
-#: gitk:8472
+#: gitk:9783
 msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
-msgstr ""
-"Смешанный: о�тавить рабочий каталог неизменным, у�тановить индек�"
+msgstr "Смешанный: о�тавить рабочий каталог неизменным, у�тановить индек�"
 
-#: gitk:8475
+#: gitk:9786
 msgid ""
 "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
 "(discard ALL local changes)"
-msgstr ""
-"Же�ткий: перепи�ать индек� и рабочий каталог\n"
-"(в�е изменени� в рабочем каталоги будут потер�ны)"
+msgstr "Же�ткий: перепи�ать индек� и рабочий каталог\n(в�е изменени� в рабочем каталоге будут потер�ны)"
 
-#: gitk:8492
+#: gitk:9803
 msgid "Resetting"
-msgstr "У�тановка"
+msgstr "Сбро�"
+
+#: gitk:9876
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "A local branch named %s exists already"
+msgstr "Локальна� ветка � именем %s уже �уще�твует"
 
-#: gitk:8549
+#: gitk:9884
 msgid "Checking out"
 msgstr "Переход"
 
-#: gitk:8602
+#: gitk:9943
 msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
-msgstr "�ктивна� ветвь не может быть удалена"
+msgstr "�ктивна� ветка не может быть удалена"
 
-#: gitk:8608
+#: gitk:9949
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
 "Really delete branch %s?"
-msgstr ""
-"Со�то�ни� ветви %s больше не принадлежат никакой другой ветви.\n"
-"Дей�твительно удалить ветвь %s?"
+msgstr "Коммиты из ветки %s не принадлежат больше никакой другой ветке.\nДей�твительно удалить ветку %s?"
 
-#: gitk:8639
+#: gitk:9980
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
-msgstr "Метки и ветви: %s"
+msgstr "Метки и ветки: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8654
+#: gitk:9997
 msgid "Filter"
 msgstr "Фильтровать"
 
-#: gitk:8949
+#: gitk:10293
 msgid ""
 "Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
 "tag information will be incomplete."
-msgstr ""
-"Ошибка чтени� и�тории проекта; информаци� о ветв�х и �о�то�ни�х "
-"вокруг меток (до/по�ле) может быть неполной."
+msgstr "Ошибка чтени� и�тории проекта; информаци� о ветках и коммитах вокруг меток (до/по�ле) может быть неполной."
 
-#: gitk:9935
+#: gitk:11270
 msgid "Tag"
 msgstr "Метка"
 
-#: gitk:9935
+#: gitk:11274
 msgid "Id"
 msgstr "Id"
 
-#: gitk:9983
+#: gitk:11357
 msgid "Gitk font chooser"
 msgstr "Шрифт Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:10000
+#: gitk:11374
 msgid "B"
 msgstr "Ж"
 
-#: gitk:10003
+#: gitk:11377
 msgid "I"
 msgstr "К"
 
-#: gitk:10098
-msgid "Gitk preferences"
-msgstr "�а�тройки Gitk"
-
-#: gitk:10100
+#: gitk:11495
 msgid "Commit list display options"
-msgstr "Параметры показа �пи�ка �о�то�ний"
+msgstr "Параметры показа �пи�ка коммитов"
 
-#: gitk:10103
+#: gitk:11498
 msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
 msgstr "Мак�. ширина графа (�трок)"
 
-#: gitk:10107
-#, tcl-format
+#: gitk:11502
+#, no-tcl-format
 msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
 msgstr "Мак�. ширина графа (% ширины панели)"
 
-#: gitk:10111
+#: gitk:11505
 msgid "Show local changes"
 msgstr "Показывать изменени� в рабочем каталоге"
 
-#: gitk:10114
-msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
-msgstr "Выделить SHA1"
+#: gitk:11508
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"
+msgstr "�втоматиче�ки выделить SHA1 (длинна)"
 
-#: gitk:10118
+#: gitk:11512
+msgid "Hide remote refs"
+msgstr "Скрыть внешние ��ылки"
+
+#: gitk:11516
 msgid "Diff display options"
 msgstr "Параметры показа изменений"
 
-#: gitk:10120
+#: gitk:11518
 msgid "Tab spacing"
 msgstr "Ширина табул�ции"
 
-#: gitk:10123
-msgid "Display nearby tags"
-msgstr "Показывать близкие метки"
+#: gitk:11521
+msgid "Display nearby tags/heads"
+msgstr "Показывать близкие метки/ветки"
+
+#: gitk:11524
+msgid "Maximum # tags/heads to show"
+msgstr "Показывать мак�имальное количе�тво меток/веток"
 
-#: gitk:10126
+#: gitk:11527
 msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
 msgstr "Ограничить показ изменений выбранными файлами"
 
-#: gitk:10129
+#: gitk:11530
 msgid "Support per-file encodings"
 msgstr "Поддержка кодировок в отдельных файлах"
 
-#: gitk:10135
+#: gitk:11536 gitk:11683
 msgid "External diff tool"
 msgstr "Программа дл� показа изменений"
 
-#: gitk:10137
+#: gitk:11537
 msgid "Choose..."
 msgstr "Выберите..."
 
-#: gitk:10142
+#: gitk:11542
+msgid "General options"
+msgstr "Общие опции"
+
+#: gitk:11545
+msgid "Use themed widgets"
+msgstr "И�пользовать �тили виджетов"
+
+#: gitk:11547
+msgid "(change requires restart)"
+msgstr "(изменение потребует перезапу�к)"
+
+#: gitk:11549
+msgid "(currently unavailable)"
+msgstr "(недо�тупно в данный момент)"
+
+#: gitk:11560
 msgid "Colors: press to choose"
 msgstr "Цвета: нажмите дл� выбора"
 
-#: gitk:10145
+#: gitk:11563
+msgid "Interface"
+msgstr "Интерфей�"
+
+#: gitk:11564
+msgid "interface"
+msgstr "интерфей�"
+
+#: gitk:11567
 msgid "Background"
 msgstr "Фон"
 
-#: gitk:10146 gitk:10176
+#: gitk:11568 gitk:11598
 msgid "background"
 msgstr "фон"
 
-#: gitk:10149
+#: gitk:11571
 msgid "Foreground"
 msgstr "Передний план"
 
-#: gitk:10150
+#: gitk:11572
 msgid "foreground"
 msgstr "передний план"
 
-#: gitk:10153
+#: gitk:11575
 msgid "Diff: old lines"
 msgstr "Изменени�: �тарый тек�т"
 
-#: gitk:10154
+#: gitk:11576
 msgid "diff old lines"
 msgstr "�тарый тек�т изменени�"
 
-#: gitk:10158
+#: gitk:11580
 msgid "Diff: new lines"
 msgstr "Изменени�: новый тек�т"
 
-#: gitk:10159
+#: gitk:11581
 msgid "diff new lines"
 msgstr "новый тек�т изменени�"
 
-#: gitk:10163
+#: gitk:11585
 msgid "Diff: hunk header"
 msgstr "Изменени�: заголовок блока"
 
-#: gitk:10165
+#: gitk:11587
 msgid "diff hunk header"
 msgstr "заголовок блока изменений"
 
-#: gitk:10169
+#: gitk:11591
 msgid "Marked line bg"
 msgstr "Фон выбранной �троки"
 
-#: gitk:10171
+#: gitk:11593
 msgid "marked line background"
 msgstr "фон выбранной �троки"
 
-#: gitk:10175
+#: gitk:11597
 msgid "Select bg"
 msgstr "Выберите фон"
 
-#: gitk:10179
+#: gitk:11606
 msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
 msgstr "Шрифт: нажмите дл� выбора"
 
-#: gitk:10181
+#: gitk:11608
 msgid "Main font"
 msgstr "О�новной шрифт"
 
-#: gitk:10182
+#: gitk:11609
 msgid "Diff display font"
 msgstr "Шрифт показа изменений"
 
-#: gitk:10183
+#: gitk:11610
 msgid "User interface font"
 msgstr "Шрифт интерфей�а"
 
-#: gitk:10210
+#: gitk:11632
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "�а�тройки Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:11641
+msgid "General"
+msgstr "Общие"
+
+#: gitk:11642
+msgid "Colors"
+msgstr "Цвета"
+
+#: gitk:11643
+msgid "Fonts"
+msgstr "Шрифты"
+
+#: gitk:11693
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
 msgstr "Gitk: выберите цвет дл� %s"
 
-#: gitk:10656
+#: gitk:12206
 msgid ""
 "Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
 " Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
-msgstr ""
-"К �ожалению gitk не может работать � �той вер�ий Tcl/Tk.\n"
-"Требует�� как минимум Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+msgstr "К �ожалению gitk не может работать � �той вер�ий Tcl/Tk.\nТребует�� как минимум Tcl/Tk 8.4."
 
-#: gitk:10773
+#: gitk:12416
 msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
 msgstr "Git-репозитарий не найден в текущем каталоге."
 
-#: gitk:10777
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
-msgstr "Git-репозитарий \"%s\" не найден."
-
-#: gitk:10824
+#: gitk:12463
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
-msgstr "�еоднозначный аргумент '%s': �уще�твует как вер�и� и им� файла"
+msgstr "�еоднозначный аргумент «%s»: �уще�твует как редакци� и как им� файла"
 
-#: gitk:10836
+#: gitk:12475
 msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
 msgstr "�еправильные аргументы дл� gitk:"
-
-#: gitk:10896
-msgid "Command line"
-msgstr "Командна� �трока"
-
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/sv.po b/gitk-git/po/sv.po
index df95e01b90..2a06fe5bbc 100644
--- a/gitk-git/po/sv.po
+++ b/gitk-git/po/sv.po
@@ -1,50 +1,52 @@
 # Swedish translation for gitk
-# Copyright (C) 2005-2013 Paul Mackerras
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2015 Paul Mackerras
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the gitk package.
 #
 # Mikael Magnusson <mikachu@gmail.com>, 2008.
-# Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013.
+# Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2015.
 #
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: sv\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-05-16 08:06+0100\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-05-16 08:12+0100\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-12-09 09:40+0100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-12-11 09:46+0100\n"
 "Last-Translator: Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>\n"
 "Language-Team: Swedish <tp-sv@listor.tp-sv.se>\n"
 "Language: sv\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+"X-Generator: Gtranslator 2.91.6\n"
 
 #: gitk:140
 msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
 msgstr "Kunde inte hämta lista över ej sammanslagna filer:"
 
-#: gitk:210 gitk:2334
+#: gitk:212 gitk:2381
 msgid "Color words"
 msgstr "Färga ord"
 
-#: gitk:215 gitk:2334 gitk:7977 gitk:8010
+#: gitk:217 gitk:2381 gitk:8221 gitk:8254
 msgid "Markup words"
 msgstr "Märk upp ord"
 
-#: gitk:312
+#: gitk:324
 msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
 msgstr "Fel vid tolkning av revisioner:"
 
-#: gitk:368
+#: gitk:380
 msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
 msgstr "Fel vid körning av --argscmd-kommando:"
 
-#: gitk:381
+#: gitk:393
 msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
 msgstr ""
 "Inga filer valdes: --merge angavs men det finns inga filer som inte har "
 "slagits samman."
 
-#: gitk:384
+#: gitk:396
 msgid ""
 "No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
 "limit."
@@ -52,625 +54,654 @@ msgstr ""
 "Inga filer valdes: --merge angavs men det finns inga filer inom "
 "filbegränsningen."
 
-#: gitk:406 gitk:554
+#: gitk:418 gitk:566
 msgid "Error executing git log:"
 msgstr "Fel vid körning av git log:"
 
-#: gitk:424 gitk:570
+#: gitk:436 gitk:582
 msgid "Reading"
 msgstr "Läser"
 
-#: gitk:484 gitk:4409
+#: gitk:496 gitk:4526
 msgid "Reading commits..."
 msgstr "Läser incheckningar..."
 
-#: gitk:487 gitk:1625 gitk:4412
+#: gitk:499 gitk:1637 gitk:4529
 msgid "No commits selected"
 msgstr "Inga incheckningar markerade"
 
-#: gitk:1499
+#: gitk:1445 gitk:4046 gitk:12447
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Kommandorad"
+
+#: gitk:1511
 msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
 msgstr "Kan inte tolka utdata från git log:"
 
-#: gitk:1719
+#: gitk:1740
 msgid "No commit information available"
 msgstr "Ingen incheckningsinformation är tillgänglig"
 
-#: gitk:1876
-msgid "mc"
-msgstr "mc"
-
-#: gitk:1911 gitk:4202 gitk:9437 gitk:10979 gitk:11258
+#: gitk:1903 gitk:1932 gitk:4316 gitk:9684 gitk:11256 gitk:11536
 msgid "OK"
 msgstr "OK"
 
-#: gitk:1913 gitk:4204 gitk:8964 gitk:9043 gitk:9159 gitk:9208 gitk:9439
-#: gitk:10980 gitk:11259
+#: gitk:1934 gitk:4318 gitk:9197 gitk:9276 gitk:9406 gitk:9455 gitk:9686
+#: gitk:11257 gitk:11537
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Avbryt"
 
-#: gitk:2048
-msgid "Update"
-msgstr "Uppdatera"
+#: gitk:2069
+msgid "&Update"
+msgstr "&Uppdatera"
 
-#: gitk:2049
-msgid "Reload"
-msgstr "Ladda om"
+#: gitk:2070
+msgid "&Reload"
+msgstr "Läs &om"
 
-#: gitk:2050
-msgid "Reread references"
-msgstr "Läs om referenser"
+#: gitk:2071
+msgid "Reread re&ferences"
+msgstr "Läs om &referenser"
 
-#: gitk:2051
-msgid "List references"
-msgstr "Visa referenser"
+#: gitk:2072
+msgid "&List references"
+msgstr "&Visa referenser"
 
-#: gitk:2053
-msgid "Start git gui"
-msgstr "Starta git gui"
+#: gitk:2074
+msgid "Start git &gui"
+msgstr "Starta git &gui"
 
-#: gitk:2055
-msgid "Quit"
-msgstr "Avsluta"
+#: gitk:2076
+msgid "&Quit"
+msgstr "&Avsluta"
 
-#: gitk:2047
-msgid "File"
-msgstr "Arkiv"
+#: gitk:2068
+msgid "&File"
+msgstr "&Arkiv"
 
-#: gitk:2059
-msgid "Preferences"
-msgstr "Inställningar"
+#: gitk:2080
+msgid "&Preferences"
+msgstr "&Inställningar"
 
-#: gitk:2058
-msgid "Edit"
-msgstr "Redigera"
+#: gitk:2079
+msgid "&Edit"
+msgstr "&Redigera"
 
-#: gitk:2063
-msgid "New view..."
-msgstr "Ny vy..."
+#: gitk:2084
+msgid "&New view..."
+msgstr "&Ny vy..."
 
-#: gitk:2064
-msgid "Edit view..."
-msgstr "Ändra vy..."
+#: gitk:2085
+msgid "&Edit view..."
+msgstr "&Ändra vy..."
 
-#: gitk:2065
-msgid "Delete view"
-msgstr "Ta bort vy"
+#: gitk:2086
+msgid "&Delete view"
+msgstr "&Ta bort vy"
 
-#: gitk:2067
-msgid "All files"
-msgstr "Alla filer"
+#: gitk:2088
+msgid "&All files"
+msgstr "&Alla filer"
 
-#: gitk:2062 gitk:3955
-msgid "View"
-msgstr "Visa"
+#: gitk:2083
+msgid "&View"
+msgstr "&Visa"
 
-#: gitk:2072 gitk:2082 gitk:2925
-msgid "About gitk"
-msgstr "Om gitk"
+#: gitk:2093 gitk:2103
+msgid "&About gitk"
+msgstr "&Om gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2073 gitk:2087
-msgid "Key bindings"
-msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar"
+#: gitk:2094 gitk:2108
+msgid "&Key bindings"
+msgstr "&Tangentbordsbindningar"
 
-#: gitk:2071 gitk:2086
-msgid "Help"
-msgstr "Hjälp"
+#: gitk:2092 gitk:2107
+msgid "&Help"
+msgstr "&Hjälp"
 
-#: gitk:2164 gitk:8420
+#: gitk:2185 gitk:8653
 msgid "SHA1 ID:"
 msgstr "SHA1-id:"
 
-#: gitk:2208
+#: gitk:2229
 msgid "Row"
 msgstr "Rad"
 
-#: gitk:2246
+#: gitk:2267
 msgid "Find"
 msgstr "Sök"
 
-#: gitk:2247
-msgid "next"
-msgstr "nästa"
-
-#: gitk:2248
-msgid "prev"
-msgstr "föreg"
-
-#: gitk:2249
+#: gitk:2295
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2252 gitk:2254 gitk:4570 gitk:4593 gitk:4617 gitk:6592 gitk:6664
-#: gitk:6749
+#: gitk:2299 gitk:2301 gitk:4688 gitk:4711 gitk:4735 gitk:6756 gitk:6828
+#: gitk:6913
 msgid "containing:"
 msgstr "som innehåller:"
 
-#: gitk:2255 gitk:3437 gitk:3442 gitk:4646
+#: gitk:2302 gitk:3527 gitk:3532 gitk:4764
 msgid "touching paths:"
 msgstr "som rör sökväg:"
 
-#: gitk:2256 gitk:4660
+#: gitk:2303 gitk:4778
 msgid "adding/removing string:"
 msgstr "som lägger/till tar bort sträng:"
 
-#: gitk:2257 gitk:4662
+#: gitk:2304 gitk:4780
 msgid "changing lines matching:"
 msgstr "ändrar rader som matchar:"
 
-#: gitk:2266 gitk:2268 gitk:4649
+#: gitk:2313 gitk:2315 gitk:4767
 msgid "Exact"
 msgstr "Exakt"
 
-#: gitk:2268 gitk:4737 gitk:6560
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4855 gitk:6724
 msgid "IgnCase"
 msgstr "IgnVersaler"
 
-#: gitk:2268 gitk:4619 gitk:4735 gitk:6556
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4737 gitk:4853 gitk:6720
 msgid "Regexp"
 msgstr "Reg.uttr."
 
-#: gitk:2270 gitk:2271 gitk:4757 gitk:4787 gitk:4794 gitk:6685 gitk:6753
+#: gitk:2317 gitk:2318 gitk:4875 gitk:4905 gitk:4912 gitk:6849 gitk:6917
 msgid "All fields"
 msgstr "Alla fält"
 
-#: gitk:2271 gitk:4754 gitk:4787 gitk:6623
+#: gitk:2318 gitk:4872 gitk:4905 gitk:6787
 msgid "Headline"
 msgstr "Rubrik"
 
-#: gitk:2272 gitk:4754 gitk:6623 gitk:6753 gitk:7221
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4872 gitk:6787 gitk:6917 gitk:7390
 msgid "Comments"
 msgstr "Kommentarer"
 
-#: gitk:2272 gitk:4754 gitk:4759 gitk:4794 gitk:6623 gitk:7156 gitk:8598
-#: gitk:8613
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4872 gitk:4877 gitk:4912 gitk:6787 gitk:7325 gitk:8831
+#: gitk:8846
 msgid "Author"
 msgstr "Författare"
 
-#: gitk:2272 gitk:4754 gitk:6623 gitk:7158
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4872 gitk:6787 gitk:7327
 msgid "Committer"
 msgstr "Incheckare"
 
-#: gitk:2303
+#: gitk:2350
 msgid "Search"
 msgstr "Sök"
 
-#: gitk:2311
+#: gitk:2358
 msgid "Diff"
 msgstr "Diff"
 
-#: gitk:2313
+#: gitk:2360
 msgid "Old version"
 msgstr "Gammal version"
 
-#: gitk:2315
+#: gitk:2362
 msgid "New version"
 msgstr "Ny version"
 
-#: gitk:2317
+#: gitk:2364
 msgid "Lines of context"
 msgstr "Rader sammanhang"
 
-#: gitk:2327
+#: gitk:2374
 msgid "Ignore space change"
 msgstr "Ignorera ändringar i blanksteg"
 
-#: gitk:2331 gitk:2333 gitk:7735 gitk:7963
+#: gitk:2378 gitk:2380 gitk:7960 gitk:8207
 msgid "Line diff"
 msgstr "Rad-diff"
 
-#: gitk:2397
+#: gitk:2445
 msgid "Patch"
 msgstr "Patch"
 
-#: gitk:2399
+#: gitk:2447
 msgid "Tree"
 msgstr "Träd"
 
-#: gitk:2557 gitk:2577
+#: gitk:2617 gitk:2638
 msgid "Diff this -> selected"
 msgstr "Diff denna -> markerad"
 
-#: gitk:2558 gitk:2578
+#: gitk:2618 gitk:2639
 msgid "Diff selected -> this"
 msgstr "Diff markerad -> denna"
 
-#: gitk:2559 gitk:2579
+#: gitk:2619 gitk:2640
 msgid "Make patch"
 msgstr "Skapa patch"
 
-#: gitk:2560 gitk:9022
+#: gitk:2620 gitk:9255
 msgid "Create tag"
 msgstr "Skapa tagg"
 
-#: gitk:2561 gitk:9139
+#: gitk:2621
+msgid "Copy commit summary"
+msgstr "Kopiera incheckningssammanfattning"
+
+#: gitk:2622 gitk:9386
 msgid "Write commit to file"
 msgstr "Skriv incheckning till fil"
 
-#: gitk:2562 gitk:9196
+#: gitk:2623 gitk:9443
 msgid "Create new branch"
 msgstr "Skapa ny gren"
 
-#: gitk:2563
+#: gitk:2624
 msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
 msgstr "Plocka denna incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2564
+#: gitk:2625
 msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
 msgstr "Återställ HEAD-grenen hit"
 
-#: gitk:2565
+#: gitk:2626
 msgid "Mark this commit"
 msgstr "Markera denna incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2566
+#: gitk:2627
 msgid "Return to mark"
 msgstr "Återgå till markering"
 
-#: gitk:2567
+#: gitk:2628
 msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
 msgstr "Hitta efterföljare till denna och markera"
 
-#: gitk:2568
+#: gitk:2629
 msgid "Compare with marked commit"
 msgstr "Jämför med markerad incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2569 gitk:2580
+#: gitk:2630 gitk:2641
 msgid "Diff this -> marked commit"
 msgstr "Diff denna -> markerad incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2570 gitk:2581
+#: gitk:2631 gitk:2642
 msgid "Diff marked commit -> this"
 msgstr "Diff markerad incheckning -> denna"
 
-#: gitk:2571
+#: gitk:2632
 msgid "Revert this commit"
 msgstr "Ã…ngra denna incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2587
+#: gitk:2648
 msgid "Check out this branch"
 msgstr "Checka ut denna gren"
 
-#: gitk:2588
+#: gitk:2649
 msgid "Remove this branch"
 msgstr "Ta bort denna gren"
 
-#: gitk:2595
+#: gitk:2650
+msgid "Copy branch name"
+msgstr "Kopiera namn på gren"
+
+#: gitk:2657
 msgid "Highlight this too"
 msgstr "Markera även detta"
 
-#: gitk:2596
+#: gitk:2658
 msgid "Highlight this only"
 msgstr "Markera bara detta"
 
-#: gitk:2597
+#: gitk:2659
 msgid "External diff"
 msgstr "Extern diff"
 
-#: gitk:2598
+#: gitk:2660
 msgid "Blame parent commit"
 msgstr "Klandra föräldraincheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2605
+#: gitk:2661
+msgid "Copy path"
+msgstr "Kopiera sökväg"
+
+#: gitk:2668
 msgid "Show origin of this line"
 msgstr "Visa ursprunget för den här raden"
 
-#: gitk:2606
+#: gitk:2669
 msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
 msgstr "Kör git gui blame på den här raden"
 
-#: gitk:2927
+#: gitk:3013
+msgid "About gitk"
+msgstr "Om gitk"
+
+#: gitk:3015
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright ©9 2005-2011 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - en incheckningsvisare för git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright ©9 2005-2011 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Använd och vidareförmedla enligt villkoren i GNU General Public License"
 
-#: gitk:2935 gitk:3000 gitk:9623
+#: gitk:3023 gitk:3090 gitk:9872
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "Stäng"
 
-#: gitk:2956
+#: gitk:3044
 msgid "Gitk key bindings"
 msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar för Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2959
+#: gitk:3047
 msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
 msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar för Gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:2961
+#: gitk:3049
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
 msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tAvsluta"
 
-#: gitk:2962
+#: gitk:3050
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-W>\t\tClose window"
 msgstr "<%s-W>\t\tStäng fönster"
 
-#: gitk:2963
+#: gitk:3051
 msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
 msgstr "<Home>\t\tGå till första incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2964
+#: gitk:3052
 msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
 msgstr "<End>\t\tGÃ¥ till sista incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2965
+#: gitk:3053
 msgid "<Up>, p, k\tMove up one commit"
 msgstr "<Upp>, p, k\tGÃ¥ en incheckning upp"
 
-#: gitk:2966
+#: gitk:3054
 msgid "<Down>, n, j\tMove down one commit"
 msgstr "<Ned>, n, j\tGÃ¥ en incheckning ned"
 
-#: gitk:2967
+#: gitk:3055
 msgid "<Left>, z, h\tGo back in history list"
 msgstr "<Vänster>, z, h\tGå bakåt i historiken"
 
-#: gitk:2968
+#: gitk:3056
 msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
 msgstr "<Höger>, x, l\tGå framåt i historiken"
 
-#: gitk:2969
+#: gitk:3057
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-n>\tGo to n-th parent of current commit in history list"
+msgstr "<%s-n>\tGå till aktuell inchecknings n:te förälder i historielistan"
+
+#: gitk:3058
 msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageUp>\tGÃ¥ upp en sida i incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2970
+#: gitk:3059
 msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageDown>\tGÃ¥ ned en sida i incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2971
+#: gitk:3060
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Home>\tRulla till början av incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2972
+#: gitk:3061
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-End>\tRulla till slutet av incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2973
+#: gitk:3062
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Upp>\tRulla incheckningslistan upp ett steg"
 
-#: gitk:2974
+#: gitk:3063
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Ned>\tRulla incheckningslistan ned ett steg"
 
-#: gitk:2975
+#: gitk:3064
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tRulla incheckningslistan upp en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2976
+#: gitk:3065
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tRulla incheckningslistan ned en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2977
+#: gitk:3066
 msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
 msgstr "<Skift-Upp>\tSök bakåt (uppåt, senare incheckningar)"
 
-#: gitk:2978
+#: gitk:3067
 msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
 msgstr "<Skift-Ned>\tSök framåt (nedåt, tidigare incheckningar)"
 
-#: gitk:2979
+#: gitk:3068
 msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Delete>, b\tRulla diffvisningen upp en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2980
+#: gitk:3069
 msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Baksteg>\tRulla diffvisningen upp en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2981
+#: gitk:3070
 msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
 msgstr "<Blanksteg>\tRulla diffvisningen ned en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2982
+#: gitk:3071
 msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
 msgstr "u\t\tRulla diffvisningen upp 18 rader"
 
-#: gitk:2983
+#: gitk:3072
 msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
 msgstr "d\t\tRulla diffvisningen ned 18 rader"
 
-#: gitk:2984
+#: gitk:3073
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
 msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tSök"
 
-#: gitk:2985
+#: gitk:3074
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff"
 
-#: gitk:2986
+#: gitk:3075
 msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<Return>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff"
 
-#: gitk:2987
+#: gitk:3076
+msgid "g\t\tGo to commit"
+msgstr "g\t\tGÃ¥ till incheckning"
+
+#: gitk:3077
 msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
 msgstr "/\t\tFokusera sökrutan"
 
-#: gitk:2988
+#: gitk:3078
 msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
 msgstr "?\t\tGå till föregående sökträff"
 
-#: gitk:2989
+#: gitk:3079
 msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
 msgstr "f\t\tRulla diffvisningen till nästa fil"
 
-#: gitk:2990
+#: gitk:3080
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff i diffvisningen"
 
-#: gitk:2991
+#: gitk:3081
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tGå till föregående sökträff i diffvisningen"
 
-#: gitk:2992
+#: gitk:3082
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Num+>\tÖka teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2993
+#: gitk:3083
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-plus>\tÖka teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2994
+#: gitk:3084
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Num->\tMinska teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2995
+#: gitk:3085
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-minus>\tMinska teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2996
+#: gitk:3086
 msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
 msgstr "<F5>\t\tUppdatera"
 
-#: gitk:3451 gitk:3460
+#: gitk:3551 gitk:3560
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
 msgstr "Fel vid skapande av temporär katalog %s:"
 
-#: gitk:3473
+#: gitk:3573
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
 msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av  \"%s\" från %s:"
 
-#: gitk:3536
+#: gitk:3636
 msgid "command failed:"
 msgstr "kommando misslyckades:"
 
-#: gitk:3685
+#: gitk:3785
 msgid "No such commit"
 msgstr "Incheckning saknas"
 
-#: gitk:3699
+#: gitk:3799
 msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
 msgstr "git gui blame: kommando misslyckades:"
 
-#: gitk:3730
+#: gitk:3830
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte läsa sammanslagningshuvud: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3738
+#: gitk:3838
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error reading index: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid läsning av index: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3763
+#: gitk:3863
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte starta git blame: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3766 gitk:6591
+#: gitk:3866 gitk:6755
 msgid "Searching"
 msgstr "Söker"
 
-#: gitk:3798
+#: gitk:3898
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid körning av git blame: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3826
+#: gitk:3926
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
 msgstr "Raden kommer från incheckningen %s, som inte finns i denna vy"
 
-#: gitk:3840
+#: gitk:3940
 msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
 msgstr "Externt diff-verktyg misslyckades:"
 
-#: gitk:3958
+#: gitk:4044
+msgid "All files"
+msgstr "Alla filer"
+
+#: gitk:4068
+msgid "View"
+msgstr "Visa"
+
+#: gitk:4071
 msgid "Gitk view definition"
 msgstr "Definition av Gitk-vy"
 
-#: gitk:3962
+#: gitk:4075
 msgid "Remember this view"
 msgstr "Spara denna vy"
 
-#: gitk:3963
+#: gitk:4076
 msgid "References (space separated list):"
 msgstr "Referenser (blankstegsavdelad lista):"
 
-#: gitk:3964
+#: gitk:4077
 msgid "Branches & tags:"
 msgstr "Grenar & taggar:"
 
-#: gitk:3965
+#: gitk:4078
 msgid "All refs"
 msgstr "Alla referenser"
 
-#: gitk:3966
+#: gitk:4079
 msgid "All (local) branches"
 msgstr "Alla (lokala) grenar"
 
-#: gitk:3967
+#: gitk:4080
 msgid "All tags"
 msgstr "Alla taggar"
 
-#: gitk:3968
+#: gitk:4081
 msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "Alla fjärrspårande grenar"
 
-#: gitk:3969
+#: gitk:4082
 msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
 msgstr "Incheckningsinfo (reguljära uttryck):"
 
-#: gitk:3970
+#: gitk:4083
 msgid "Author:"
 msgstr "Författare:"
 
-#: gitk:3971
+#: gitk:4084
 msgid "Committer:"
 msgstr "Incheckare:"
 
-#: gitk:3972
+#: gitk:4085
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Incheckningsmeddelande:"
 
-#: gitk:3973
+#: gitk:4086
 msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
 msgstr "Motsvarar alla kriterier för incheckningsinfo"
 
-#: gitk:3974
+#: gitk:4087
+msgid "Matches no Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "Motsvarar inga kriterier för incheckningsinfo"
+
+#: gitk:4088
 msgid "Changes to Files:"
 msgstr "Ändringar av filer:"
 
-#: gitk:3975
+#: gitk:4089
 msgid "Fixed String"
 msgstr "Fast sträng"
 
-#: gitk:3976
+#: gitk:4090
 msgid "Regular Expression"
 msgstr "Reguljärt uttryck"
 
-#: gitk:3977
+#: gitk:4091
 msgid "Search string:"
 msgstr "Söksträng:"
 
-#: gitk:3978
+#: gitk:4092
 msgid ""
 "Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
@@ -678,201 +709,201 @@ msgstr ""
 "Incheckingsdatum (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
 
-#: gitk:3979
+#: gitk:4093
 msgid "Since:"
 msgstr "Från:"
 
-#: gitk:3980
+#: gitk:4094
 msgid "Until:"
 msgstr "Till:"
 
-#: gitk:3981
+#: gitk:4095
 msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
 msgstr "Begränsa och/eller hoppa över ett antal revisioner (positivt heltal):"
 
-#: gitk:3982
+#: gitk:4096
 msgid "Number to show:"
 msgstr "Antal att visa:"
 
-#: gitk:3983
+#: gitk:4097
 msgid "Number to skip:"
 msgstr "Antal att hoppa över:"
 
-#: gitk:3984
+#: gitk:4098
 msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
 msgstr "Diverse alternativ:"
 
-#: gitk:3985
+#: gitk:4099
 msgid "Strictly sort by date"
 msgstr "Strikt datumsortering"
 
-#: gitk:3986
+#: gitk:4100
 msgid "Mark branch sides"
 msgstr "Markera sidogrenar"
 
-#: gitk:3987
+#: gitk:4101
 msgid "Limit to first parent"
 msgstr "Begränsa till första förälder"
 
-#: gitk:3988
+#: gitk:4102
 msgid "Simple history"
 msgstr "Enkel historik"
 
-#: gitk:3989
+#: gitk:4103
 msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
 msgstr "Ytterligare argument till git log:"
 
-#: gitk:3990
+#: gitk:4104
 msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
 msgstr "Ange filer och kataloger att ta med, en per rad:"
 
-#: gitk:3991
+#: gitk:4105
 msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
 msgstr "Kommando för att generera fler incheckningar att ta med:"
 
-#: gitk:4115
+#: gitk:4229
 msgid "Gitk: edit view"
 msgstr "Gitk: redigera vy"
 
-#: gitk:4123
+#: gitk:4237
 msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
 msgstr " - kriterier för val av revisioner"
 
-#: gitk:4128
+#: gitk:4242
 msgid "View Name"
 msgstr "Namn på vy"
 
-#: gitk:4203
+#: gitk:4317
 msgid "Apply (F5)"
 msgstr "Använd (F5)"
 
-#: gitk:4241
+#: gitk:4355
 msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
 msgstr "Fel i argument för val av incheckningar:"
 
-#: gitk:4294 gitk:4346 gitk:4807 gitk:4821 gitk:6087 gitk:12041 gitk:12042
+#: gitk:4410 gitk:4463 gitk:4925 gitk:4939 gitk:6209 gitk:12388 gitk:12389
 msgid "None"
 msgstr "Inget"
 
-#: gitk:4904 gitk:4909
+#: gitk:5022 gitk:5027
 msgid "Descendant"
 msgstr "Avkomling"
 
-#: gitk:4905
+#: gitk:5023
 msgid "Not descendant"
 msgstr "Inte avkomling"
 
-#: gitk:4912 gitk:4917
+#: gitk:5030 gitk:5035
 msgid "Ancestor"
 msgstr "Förfader"
 
-#: gitk:4913
+#: gitk:5031
 msgid "Not ancestor"
 msgstr "Inte förfader"
 
-#: gitk:5203
+#: gitk:5325
 msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
 msgstr "Lokala ändringar sparade i indexet men inte incheckade"
 
-#: gitk:5239
+#: gitk:5361
 msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
 msgstr "Lokala ändringar, ej sparade i indexet"
 
-#: gitk:6971
+#: gitk:7135
 msgid "and many more"
 msgstr "med många flera"
 
-#: gitk:6974
+#: gitk:7138
 msgid "many"
 msgstr "många"
 
-#: gitk:7160
+#: gitk:7329
 msgid "Tags:"
 msgstr "Taggar:"
 
-#: gitk:7177 gitk:7183 gitk:8593
+#: gitk:7346 gitk:7352 gitk:8826
 msgid "Parent"
 msgstr "Förälder"
 
-#: gitk:7188
+#: gitk:7357
 msgid "Child"
 msgstr "Barn"
 
-#: gitk:7197
+#: gitk:7366
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "Gren"
 
-#: gitk:7200
+#: gitk:7369
 msgid "Follows"
 msgstr "Följer"
 
-#: gitk:7203
+#: gitk:7372
 msgid "Precedes"
 msgstr "Föregår"
 
-#: gitk:7742
+#: gitk:7967
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av diff: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8418
+#: gitk:8651
 msgid "Goto:"
 msgstr "GÃ¥ till:"
 
-#: gitk:8439
+#: gitk:8672
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
 msgstr "Förkortat SHA1-id %s är tvetydigt"
 
-#: gitk:8446
+#: gitk:8679
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not known"
 msgstr "Revisionen %s är inte känd"
 
-#: gitk:8456
+#: gitk:8689
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
 msgstr "SHA-id:t %s är inte känt"
 
-#: gitk:8458
+#: gitk:8691
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
 msgstr "Revisionen %s finns inte i den nuvarande vyn"
 
-#: gitk:8600 gitk:8615
+#: gitk:8833 gitk:8848
 msgid "Date"
 msgstr "Datum"
 
-#: gitk:8603
+#: gitk:8836
 msgid "Children"
 msgstr "Barn"
 
-#: gitk:8666
+#: gitk:8899
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
 msgstr "Återställ grenen %s hit"
 
-#: gitk:8668
+#: gitk:8901
 msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
 msgstr "Frånkopplad head: kan inte återställa"
 
-#: gitk:8773 gitk:8779
+#: gitk:9006 gitk:9012
 msgid "Skipping merge commit "
 msgstr "Hoppar över sammanslagningsincheckning "
 
-#: gitk:8788 gitk:8793
+#: gitk:9021 gitk:9026
 msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
 msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av patch-id för "
 
-#: gitk:8789 gitk:8794
+#: gitk:9022 gitk:9027
 msgid " - stopping\n"
 msgstr " - stannar\n"
 
-#: gitk:8799 gitk:8802 gitk:8810 gitk:8824 gitk:8833
+#: gitk:9032 gitk:9035 gitk:9043 gitk:9057 gitk:9066
 msgid "Commit "
 msgstr "Incheckning "
 
-#: gitk:8803
+#: gitk:9036
 msgid ""
 " is the same patch as\n"
 "       "
@@ -880,7 +911,7 @@ msgstr ""
 " är samma patch som\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8811
+#: gitk:9044
 msgid ""
 " differs from\n"
 "       "
@@ -888,7 +919,7 @@ msgstr ""
 " skiljer sig från\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8813
+#: gitk:9046
 msgid ""
 "Diff of commits:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -896,131 +927,131 @@ msgstr ""
 "Skillnad mellan incheckningar:\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: gitk:8825 gitk:8834
+#: gitk:9058 gitk:9067
 #, tcl-format
 msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
 msgstr " har %s barn - stannar\n"
 
-#: gitk:8853
+#: gitk:9086
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid skrivning av incheckning till fil: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8859
+#: gitk:9092
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid jämförelse av incheckningar: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8905
+#: gitk:9138
 msgid "Top"
 msgstr "Topp"
 
-#: gitk:8906
+#: gitk:9139
 msgid "From"
 msgstr "Från"
 
-#: gitk:8911
+#: gitk:9144
 msgid "To"
 msgstr "Till"
 
-#: gitk:8935
+#: gitk:9168
 msgid "Generate patch"
 msgstr "Generera patch"
 
-#: gitk:8937
+#: gitk:9170
 msgid "From:"
 msgstr "Från:"
 
-#: gitk:8946
+#: gitk:9179
 msgid "To:"
 msgstr "Till:"
 
-#: gitk:8955
+#: gitk:9188
 msgid "Reverse"
 msgstr "Vänd"
 
-#: gitk:8957 gitk:9153
+#: gitk:9190 gitk:9400
 msgid "Output file:"
 msgstr "Utdatafil:"
 
-#: gitk:8963
+#: gitk:9196
 msgid "Generate"
 msgstr "Generera"
 
-#: gitk:9001
+#: gitk:9234
 msgid "Error creating patch:"
 msgstr "Fel vid generering av patch:"
 
-#: gitk:9024 gitk:9141 gitk:9198
+#: gitk:9257 gitk:9388 gitk:9445
 msgid "ID:"
 msgstr "Id:"
 
-#: gitk:9033
+#: gitk:9266
 msgid "Tag name:"
 msgstr "Taggnamn:"
 
-#: gitk:9036
+#: gitk:9269
 msgid "Tag message is optional"
 msgstr "Taggmeddelandet är valfritt"
 
-#: gitk:9038
+#: gitk:9271
 msgid "Tag message:"
 msgstr "Taggmeddelande:"
 
-#: gitk:9042 gitk:9207
+#: gitk:9275 gitk:9454
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "Skapa"
 
-#: gitk:9060
+#: gitk:9293
 msgid "No tag name specified"
 msgstr "Inget taggnamn angavs"
 
-#: gitk:9064
+#: gitk:9297
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
 msgstr "Taggen \"%s\" finns redan"
 
-#: gitk:9074
+#: gitk:9307
 msgid "Error creating tag:"
 msgstr "Fel vid skapande av tagg:"
 
-#: gitk:9150
+#: gitk:9397
 msgid "Command:"
 msgstr "Kommando:"
 
-#: gitk:9158
+#: gitk:9405
 msgid "Write"
 msgstr "Skriv"
 
-#: gitk:9176
+#: gitk:9423
 msgid "Error writing commit:"
 msgstr "Fel vid skrivning av incheckning:"
 
-#: gitk:9203
+#: gitk:9450
 msgid "Name:"
 msgstr "Namn:"
 
-#: gitk:9226
+#: gitk:9473
 msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
 msgstr "Ange ett namn för den nya grenen"
 
-#: gitk:9231
+#: gitk:9478
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
 msgstr "Grenen \"%s\" finns redan. Skriva över?"
 
-#: gitk:9298
+#: gitk:9545
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
 msgstr ""
 "Incheckningen %s finns redan på grenen %s -- skall den verkligen appliceras "
 "på nytt?"
 
-#: gitk:9303
+#: gitk:9550
 msgid "Cherry-picking"
 msgstr "Plockar"
 
-#: gitk:9312
+#: gitk:9559
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
@@ -1030,7 +1061,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Checka in, återställ eller spara undan (stash) dina ändringar och försök "
 "igen."
 
-#: gitk:9318
+#: gitk:9565
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
 "Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
@@ -1038,20 +1069,20 @@ msgstr ""
 "Cherry-pick misslyckades på grund av en sammanslagningskonflikt.\n"
 "Vill du köra git citool för att lösa den?"
 
-#: gitk:9334 gitk:9392
+#: gitk:9581 gitk:9639
 msgid "No changes committed"
 msgstr "Inga ändringar incheckade"
 
-#: gitk:9361
+#: gitk:9608
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is not included in branch %s -- really revert it?"
 msgstr "Incheckningen %s finns inte på grenen %s -- vill du verkligen ångra?"
 
-#: gitk:9366
+#: gitk:9613
 msgid "Reverting"
 msgstr "Ã…ngrar"
 
-#: gitk:9374
+#: gitk:9621
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Revert failed because of local changes to the following files:%s Please "
@@ -1061,7 +1092,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Checka in, återställ eller spara undan (stash) dina ändringar och försök "
 "igen."
 
-#: gitk:9378
+#: gitk:9625
 msgid ""
 "Revert failed because of merge conflict.\n"
 " Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
@@ -1069,28 +1100,28 @@ msgstr ""
 "Misslyckades med att ångra på grund av en sammanslagningskonflikt.\n"
 " Vill du köra git citool för att lösa den?"
 
-#: gitk:9421
+#: gitk:9668
 msgid "Confirm reset"
 msgstr "Bekräfta återställning"
 
-#: gitk:9423
+#: gitk:9670
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
 msgstr "Återställa grenen %s till %s?"
 
-#: gitk:9425
+#: gitk:9672
 msgid "Reset type:"
 msgstr "Typ av återställning:"
 
-#: gitk:9428
+#: gitk:9675
 msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
 msgstr "Mjuk: Rör inte utcheckning och index"
 
-#: gitk:9431
+#: gitk:9678
 msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
 msgstr "Blandad: Rör inte utcheckning, återställ index"
 
-#: gitk:9434
+#: gitk:9681
 msgid ""
 "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
 "(discard ALL local changes)"
@@ -1098,19 +1129,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "Hård: Återställ utcheckning och index\n"
 "(förkastar ALLA lokala ändringar)"
 
-#: gitk:9451
+#: gitk:9698
 msgid "Resetting"
 msgstr "Återställer"
 
-#: gitk:9511
+#: gitk:9758
 msgid "Checking out"
 msgstr "Checkar ut"
 
-#: gitk:9564
+#: gitk:9811
 msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
 msgstr "Kan inte ta bort den just nu utcheckade grenen"
 
-#: gitk:9570
+#: gitk:9817
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
@@ -1119,16 +1150,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "Incheckningarna på grenen %s existerar inte på någon annan gren.\n"
 "Vill du verkligen ta bort grenen %s?"
 
-#: gitk:9601
+#: gitk:9848
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
 msgstr "Taggar och huvuden: %s"
 
-#: gitk:9616
+#: gitk:9865
 msgid "Filter"
 msgstr "Filter"
 
-#: gitk:9912
+#: gitk:10161
 msgid ""
 "Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
 "tag information will be incomplete."
@@ -1136,216 +1167,229 @@ msgstr ""
 "Fel vid läsning av information om incheckningstopologi; information om "
 "grenar och föregående/senare taggar kommer inte vara komplett."
 
-#: gitk:10899
+#: gitk:11138
 msgid "Tag"
 msgstr "Tagg"
 
-#: gitk:10899
+#: gitk:11142
 msgid "Id"
 msgstr "Id"
 
-#: gitk:10948
+#: gitk:11225
 msgid "Gitk font chooser"
 msgstr "Teckensnittsväljare för Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:10965
+#: gitk:11242
 msgid "B"
 msgstr "F"
 
-#: gitk:10968
+#: gitk:11245
 msgid "I"
 msgstr "K"
 
-#: gitk:11086
+#: gitk:11363
 msgid "Commit list display options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för incheckningslistvy"
 
-#: gitk:11089
+#: gitk:11366
 msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
 msgstr "Maximal grafbredd (rader)"
 
-#: gitk:11092
-#, tcl-format
+#: gitk:11370
+#, no-tcl-format
 msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
 msgstr "Maximal grafbredd (% av ruta)"
 
-#: gitk:11095
+#: gitk:11373
 msgid "Show local changes"
 msgstr "Visa lokala ändringar"
 
-#: gitk:11098
+#: gitk:11376
 msgid "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"
 msgstr "Välj SHA1 (längd) automatiskt"
 
-#: gitk:11102
+#: gitk:11380
 msgid "Hide remote refs"
 msgstr "Dölj fjärr-referenser"
 
-#: gitk:11106
+#: gitk:11384
 msgid "Diff display options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för diffvy"
 
-#: gitk:11108
+#: gitk:11386
 msgid "Tab spacing"
 msgstr "Blanksteg för tabulatortecken"
 
-#: gitk:11111
+#: gitk:11389
 msgid "Display nearby tags/heads"
 msgstr "Visa närliggande taggar/huvuden"
 
-#: gitk:11114
+#: gitk:11392
 msgid "Maximum # tags/heads to show"
 msgstr "Maximalt antal taggar/huvuden att visa"
 
-#: gitk:11117
+#: gitk:11395
 msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
 msgstr "Begränsa diff till listade sökvägar"
 
-#: gitk:11120
+#: gitk:11398
 msgid "Support per-file encodings"
 msgstr "Stöd för filspecifika teckenkodningar"
 
-#: gitk:11126 gitk:11273
+#: gitk:11404 gitk:11551
 msgid "External diff tool"
 msgstr "Externt diff-verktyg"
 
-#: gitk:11127
+#: gitk:11405
 msgid "Choose..."
 msgstr "Välj..."
 
-#: gitk:11132
+#: gitk:11410
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Allmänna inställningar"
 
-#: gitk:11135
+#: gitk:11413
 msgid "Use themed widgets"
 msgstr "Använd tema på fönsterelement"
 
-#: gitk:11137
+#: gitk:11415
 msgid "(change requires restart)"
 msgstr "(ändringen kräver omstart)"
 
-#: gitk:11139
+#: gitk:11417
 msgid "(currently unavailable)"
 msgstr "(för närvarande inte tillgängligt)"
 
-#: gitk:11150
+#: gitk:11428
 msgid "Colors: press to choose"
 msgstr "Färger: tryck för att välja"
 
-#: gitk:11153
+#: gitk:11431
 msgid "Interface"
 msgstr "Gränssnitt"
 
-#: gitk:11154
+#: gitk:11432
 msgid "interface"
 msgstr "gränssnitt"
 
-#: gitk:11157
+#: gitk:11435
 msgid "Background"
 msgstr "Bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:11158 gitk:11188
+#: gitk:11436 gitk:11466
 msgid "background"
 msgstr "bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:11161
+#: gitk:11439
 msgid "Foreground"
 msgstr "Förgrund"
 
-#: gitk:11162
+#: gitk:11440
 msgid "foreground"
 msgstr "förgrund"
 
-#: gitk:11165
+#: gitk:11443
 msgid "Diff: old lines"
 msgstr "Diff: gamla rader"
 
-#: gitk:11166
+#: gitk:11444
 msgid "diff old lines"
 msgstr "diff gamla rader"
 
-#: gitk:11170
+#: gitk:11448
 msgid "Diff: new lines"
 msgstr "Diff: nya rader"
 
-#: gitk:11171
+#: gitk:11449
 msgid "diff new lines"
 msgstr "diff nya rader"
 
-#: gitk:11175
+#: gitk:11453
 msgid "Diff: hunk header"
 msgstr "Diff: delhuvud"
 
-#: gitk:11177
+#: gitk:11455
 msgid "diff hunk header"
 msgstr "diff delhuvud"
 
-#: gitk:11181
+#: gitk:11459
 msgid "Marked line bg"
 msgstr "Markerad rad bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:11183
+#: gitk:11461
 msgid "marked line background"
 msgstr "markerad rad bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:11187
+#: gitk:11465
 msgid "Select bg"
 msgstr "Markerad bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:11196
+#: gitk:11474
 msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
 msgstr "Teckensnitt: tryck för att välja"
 
-#: gitk:11198
+#: gitk:11476
 msgid "Main font"
 msgstr "Huvudteckensnitt"
 
-#: gitk:11199
+#: gitk:11477
 msgid "Diff display font"
 msgstr "Teckensnitt för diffvisning"
 
-#: gitk:11200
+#: gitk:11478
 msgid "User interface font"
 msgstr "Teckensnitt för användargränssnitt"
 
-#: gitk:11222
+#: gitk:11500
 msgid "Gitk preferences"
 msgstr "Inställningar för Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:11231
+#: gitk:11509
 msgid "General"
 msgstr "Allmänt"
 
-#: gitk:11232
+#: gitk:11510
 msgid "Colors"
 msgstr "Färger"
 
-#: gitk:11233
+#: gitk:11511
 msgid "Fonts"
 msgstr "Teckensnitt"
 
-#: gitk:11283
+#: gitk:11561
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
 msgstr "Gitk: välj färg för %s"
 
-#: gitk:11937
+#: gitk:12074
+msgid ""
+"Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+msgstr ""
+"Gitk kan tyvärr inte köra med denna version av Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk kräver åtminstone Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+
+#: gitk:12284
 msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
 msgstr "Hittar inget git-arkiv här."
 
-#: gitk:11984
+#: gitk:12331
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
 msgstr "Tvetydigt argument \"%s\": både revision och filnamn"
 
-#: gitk:11996
+#: gitk:12343
 msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
 msgstr "Felaktiga argument till gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:12099
-msgid "Command line"
-msgstr "Kommandorad"
+#~ msgid "mc"
+#~ msgstr "mc"
+
+#~ msgid "next"
+#~ msgstr "nästa"
+
+#~ msgid "prev"
+#~ msgstr "föreg"
 
 #~ msgid "CDate"
 #~ msgstr "Skapat datum"
@@ -1359,13 +1403,6 @@ msgstr "Kommandorad"
 #~ msgid "- stopping\n"
 #~ msgstr "- stannar\n"
 
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
-#~ " Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Gitk kan tyvärr inte köra med denna version av Tcl/Tk.\n"
-#~ " Gitk kräver åtminstone Tcl/Tk 8.4."
-
 #~ msgid "Tag/Head %s is not known"
 #~ msgstr "Tagg/huvud %s är okänt"
 
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/vi.po b/gitk-git/po/vi.po
index 4dfe125a69..5967498660 100644
--- a/gitk-git/po/vi.po
+++ b/gitk-git/po/vi.po
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 # Vietnamese translations for gitk package.
 # Bản dịch tiếng Việt cho gói gitk.
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the gitk package.
-# Trần Ng�c Quân <vnwildman@gmail.com>, 2013.
+# Trần Ng�c Quân <vnwildman@gmail.com>, 2013, 2015.
 #
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: gitk @@GIT_VERSION@@\n"
-"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-12-14 09:24+0700\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-12-14 14:40+0700\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-05-17 14:32+1000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-09-15 07:33+0700\n"
 "Last-Translator: Trần Ng�c Quân <vnwildman@gmail.com>\n"
 "Language-Team: Vietnamese <translation-team-vi@lists.sourceforge.net>\n"
 "Language: vi\n"
@@ -16,33 +16,34 @@ msgstr ""
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
+"X-Generator: Gtranslator 2.91.7\n"
 
 #: gitk:140
 msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
 msgstr "Không thể lấy danh sách các tập-tin chưa được hòa trộn:"
 
-#: gitk:212 gitk:2353
+#: gitk:212 gitk:2381
 msgid "Color words"
 msgstr "Tô màu chữ"
 
-#: gitk:217 gitk:2353 gitk:8103 gitk:8136
+#: gitk:217 gitk:2381 gitk:8220 gitk:8253
 msgid "Markup words"
 msgstr "�ánh dấu chữ"
 
-#: gitk:322
+#: gitk:324
 msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân tích điểm xét duyệt:"
 
-#: gitk:378
+#: gitk:380
 msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi thực hiện lệnh --argscmd:"
 
-#: gitk:391
+#: gitk:393
 msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
 msgstr ""
 "Chưa ch�n tập tin: --merge đã chỉ định nhưng không có tập tin chưa hòa trộn."
 
-#: gitk:394
+#: gitk:396
 msgid ""
 "No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
 "limit."
@@ -50,627 +51,641 @@ msgstr ""
 "Chưa ch�n tập tin: --merge đã chỉ định nhưng không có tập tin chưa hòa trộn "
 "trong giới hạn tập tin."
 
-#: gitk:416 gitk:564
+#: gitk:418 gitk:566
 msgid "Error executing git log:"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi thực hiện lệnh git log:"
 
-#: gitk:434 gitk:580
+#: gitk:436 gitk:582
 msgid "Reading"
 msgstr "�ang đ�c"
 
-#: gitk:494 gitk:4429
+#: gitk:496 gitk:4525
 msgid "Reading commits..."
-msgstr "�ang đ�c các lần chuyển giao..."
+msgstr "�ang đ�c các lần chuyển giao…"
 
-#: gitk:497 gitk:1635 gitk:4432
+#: gitk:499 gitk:1637 gitk:4528
 msgid "No commits selected"
 msgstr "Chưa ch�n các lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: gitk:1509
+#: gitk:1445 gitk:4045 gitk:12432
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Dòng lệnh"
+
+#: gitk:1511
 msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
 msgstr "Không thể phân tích kết xuất từ lệnh git log:"
 
-#: gitk:1738
+#: gitk:1740
 msgid "No commit information available"
 msgstr "Không có thông tin v� lần chuyển giao nào"
 
-#: gitk:1895
-msgid "mc"
-msgstr "mc"
-
-#: gitk:1930 gitk:4222 gitk:9552 gitk:11122 gitk:11401
+#: gitk:1903 gitk:1932 gitk:4315 gitk:9669 gitk:11241 gitk:11521
 msgid "OK"
 msgstr "�ồng ý"
 
-#: gitk:1932 gitk:4224 gitk:9079 gitk:9158 gitk:9274 gitk:9323 gitk:9554
-#: gitk:11123 gitk:11402
+#: gitk:1934 gitk:4317 gitk:9196 gitk:9275 gitk:9391 gitk:9440 gitk:9671
+#: gitk:11242 gitk:11522
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Thôi"
 
-#: gitk:2067
-msgid "Update"
+#: gitk:2069
+msgid "&Update"
 msgstr "Cập nhật"
 
-#: gitk:2068
-msgid "Reload"
+#: gitk:2070
+msgid "&Reload"
 msgstr "Tải lại"
 
-#: gitk:2069
-msgid "Reread references"
+#: gitk:2071
+msgid "Reread re&ferences"
 msgstr "��c lại tham chiếu"
 
-#: gitk:2070
-msgid "List references"
+#: gitk:2072
+msgid "&List references"
 msgstr "Liệt kê các tham chiếu"
 
-#: gitk:2072
-msgid "Start git gui"
+#: gitk:2074
+msgid "Start git &gui"
 msgstr "Khởi chạy git gui"
 
-#: gitk:2074
-msgid "Quit"
+#: gitk:2076
+msgid "&Quit"
 msgstr "Thoát"
 
-#: gitk:2066
-msgid "File"
+#: gitk:2068
+msgid "&File"
 msgstr "Chính"
 
-#: gitk:2078
-msgid "Preferences"
-msgstr "Cá nhân hóa"
+#: gitk:2080
+msgid "&Preferences"
+msgstr "Tùy thích"
 
-#: gitk:2077
-msgid "Edit"
+#: gitk:2079
+msgid "&Edit"
 msgstr "Chỉnh sửa"
 
-#: gitk:2082
-msgid "New view..."
-msgstr "Thêm trình bày mới..."
+#: gitk:2084
+msgid "&New view..."
+msgstr "Thêm trình bày mới…"
 
-#: gitk:2083
-msgid "Edit view..."
-msgstr "Sửa cách trình bày..."
+#: gitk:2085
+msgid "&Edit view..."
+msgstr "Sửa cách trình bày…"
 
-#: gitk:2084
-msgid "Delete view"
+#: gitk:2086
+msgid "&Delete view"
 msgstr "Xóa cách trình bày"
 
-#: gitk:2086
-msgid "All files"
+#: gitk:2088 gitk:4043
+msgid "&All files"
 msgstr "M�i tập tin"
 
-#: gitk:2081 gitk:3975
-msgid "View"
+#: gitk:2083 gitk:4067
+msgid "&View"
 msgstr "Trình bày"
 
-#: gitk:2091 gitk:2101 gitk:2945
-msgid "About gitk"
+#: gitk:2093 gitk:2103 gitk:3012
+msgid "&About gitk"
 msgstr "Giới thiệu v� gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2092 gitk:2106
-msgid "Key bindings"
+#: gitk:2094 gitk:2108
+msgid "&Key bindings"
 msgstr "Tổ hợp phím"
 
-#: gitk:2090 gitk:2105
-msgid "Help"
+#: gitk:2092 gitk:2107
+msgid "&Help"
 msgstr "Trợ giúp"
 
-#: gitk:2183 gitk:8535
+#: gitk:2185 gitk:8652
 msgid "SHA1 ID:"
 msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
 
-#: gitk:2227
+#: gitk:2229
 msgid "Row"
 msgstr "Hàng"
 
-#: gitk:2265
+#: gitk:2267
 msgid "Find"
 msgstr "Tìm"
 
-#: gitk:2266
-msgid "next"
-msgstr "tiếp"
-
-#: gitk:2267
-msgid "prev"
-msgstr "trÆ°á»›c"
-
-#: gitk:2268
+#: gitk:2295
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: gitk:2271 gitk:2273 gitk:4590 gitk:4613 gitk:4637 gitk:6653 gitk:6725
-#: gitk:6810
+#: gitk:2299 gitk:2301 gitk:4687 gitk:4710 gitk:4734 gitk:6755 gitk:6827
+#: gitk:6912
 msgid "containing:"
 msgstr "có chứa:"
 
-#: gitk:2274 gitk:3457 gitk:3462 gitk:4666
+#: gitk:2302 gitk:3526 gitk:3531 gitk:4763
 msgid "touching paths:"
 msgstr "đang chạm đư�ng dẫn:"
 
-#: gitk:2275 gitk:4680
+#: gitk:2303 gitk:4777
 msgid "adding/removing string:"
 msgstr "thêm/gỡ b� chuỗi:"
 
-#: gitk:2276 gitk:4682
+#: gitk:2304 gitk:4779
 msgid "changing lines matching:"
 msgstr "những dòng thay đổi khớp mẫu:"
 
-#: gitk:2285 gitk:2287 gitk:4669
+#: gitk:2313 gitk:2315 gitk:4766
 msgid "Exact"
 msgstr "Chính xác"
 
-#: gitk:2287 gitk:4757 gitk:6621
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4854 gitk:6723
 msgid "IgnCase"
 msgstr "BquaHt"
 
-#: gitk:2287 gitk:4639 gitk:4755 gitk:6617
+#: gitk:2315 gitk:4736 gitk:4852 gitk:6719
 msgid "Regexp"
 msgstr "BTCQ"
 
-#: gitk:2289 gitk:2290 gitk:4777 gitk:4807 gitk:4814 gitk:6746 gitk:6814
+#: gitk:2317 gitk:2318 gitk:4874 gitk:4904 gitk:4911 gitk:6848 gitk:6916
 msgid "All fields"
 msgstr "M�i trư�ng"
 
-#: gitk:2290 gitk:4774 gitk:4807 gitk:6684
+#: gitk:2318 gitk:4871 gitk:4904 gitk:6786
 msgid "Headline"
 msgstr "Nội dung chính"
 
-#: gitk:2291 gitk:4774 gitk:6684 gitk:6814 gitk:7283
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:6786 gitk:6916 gitk:7389
 msgid "Comments"
 msgstr "Ghi chú"
 
-#: gitk:2291 gitk:4774 gitk:4779 gitk:4814 gitk:6684 gitk:7218 gitk:8713
-#: gitk:8728
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:4876 gitk:4911 gitk:6786 gitk:7324 gitk:8830
+#: gitk:8845
 msgid "Author"
 msgstr "Tác giả"
 
-#: gitk:2291 gitk:4774 gitk:6684 gitk:7220
+#: gitk:2319 gitk:4871 gitk:6786 gitk:7326
 msgid "Committer"
 msgstr "Ngư�i chuyển giao"
 
-#: gitk:2322
+#: gitk:2350
 msgid "Search"
 msgstr "Tìm kiếm"
 
-#: gitk:2330
+#: gitk:2358
 msgid "Diff"
 msgstr "So sánh"
 
-#: gitk:2332
+#: gitk:2360
 msgid "Old version"
 msgstr "Phiên bản cũ"
 
-#: gitk:2334
+#: gitk:2362
 msgid "New version"
 msgstr "Phiên bản mới"
 
-#: gitk:2336
+#: gitk:2364
 msgid "Lines of context"
 msgstr "Các dòng của nội dung"
 
-#: gitk:2346
+#: gitk:2374
 msgid "Ignore space change"
 msgstr "Không xét đến thay đổi do khoảng trắng"
 
-#: gitk:2350 gitk:2352 gitk:7842 gitk:8089
+#: gitk:2378 gitk:2380 gitk:7959 gitk:8206
 msgid "Line diff"
 msgstr "Khác biệt theo dòng"
 
-#: gitk:2417
+#: gitk:2445
 msgid "Patch"
 msgstr "Vá"
 
-#: gitk:2419
+#: gitk:2447
 msgid "Tree"
 msgstr "Cây"
 
-#: gitk:2577 gitk:2597
+#: gitk:2617 gitk:2637
 msgid "Diff this -> selected"
 msgstr "So sánh cái này -> cái đã ch�n"
 
-#: gitk:2578 gitk:2598
+#: gitk:2618 gitk:2638
 msgid "Diff selected -> this"
 msgstr "So sánh cái đã ch�n -> cái này"
 
-#: gitk:2579 gitk:2599
+#: gitk:2619 gitk:2639
 msgid "Make patch"
 msgstr "Tạo miếng vá"
 
-#: gitk:2580 gitk:9137
+#: gitk:2620 gitk:9254
 msgid "Create tag"
 msgstr "Tạo thẻ"
 
-#: gitk:2581 gitk:9254
+#: gitk:2621 gitk:9371
 msgid "Write commit to file"
 msgstr "Ghi lần chuyển giao ra tập tin"
 
-#: gitk:2582 gitk:9311
+#: gitk:2622 gitk:9428
 msgid "Create new branch"
 msgstr "Tạo nhánh mới"
 
-#: gitk:2583
+#: gitk:2623
 msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
 msgstr "Cherry-pick lần chuyển giao này"
 
-#: gitk:2584
+#: gitk:2624
 msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
 msgstr "�ặt lại HEAD của nhánh vào đây"
 
-#: gitk:2585
+#: gitk:2625
 msgid "Mark this commit"
 msgstr "�ánh dấu lần chuyển giao này"
 
-#: gitk:2586
+#: gitk:2626
 msgid "Return to mark"
 msgstr "Quay lại vị trí dấu"
 
-#: gitk:2587
+#: gitk:2627
 msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
 msgstr "Tìm con cháu của cái này và cái đã đánh dấu"
 
-#: gitk:2588
+#: gitk:2628
 msgid "Compare with marked commit"
 msgstr "So sánh với lần chuyển giao đã đánh dấu"
 
-#: gitk:2589 gitk:2600
+#: gitk:2629 gitk:2640
 msgid "Diff this -> marked commit"
 msgstr "So sánh cái này -> lần chuyển giao đã đánh dấu"
 
-#: gitk:2590 gitk:2601
+#: gitk:2630 gitk:2641
 msgid "Diff marked commit -> this"
 msgstr "So sánh lần chuyển giao đã đánh dấu -> cái này"
 
-#: gitk:2591
+#: gitk:2631
 msgid "Revert this commit"
 msgstr "Hoàn lại lần chuyển giao này"
 
-#: gitk:2607
+#: gitk:2647
 msgid "Check out this branch"
-msgstr "Checkout nhánh này"
+msgstr "Lấy ra nhánh này"
 
-#: gitk:2608
+#: gitk:2648
 msgid "Remove this branch"
 msgstr "Gỡ b� nhánh này"
 
-#: gitk:2615
+#: gitk:2649
+msgid "Copy branch name"
+msgstr "Chép tên nhánh"
+
+#: gitk:2656
 msgid "Highlight this too"
 msgstr "Cũng tô sáng nó"
 
-#: gitk:2616
+#: gitk:2657
 msgid "Highlight this only"
 msgstr "Chỉ tô sáng cái này"
 
-#: gitk:2617
+#: gitk:2658
 msgid "External diff"
 msgstr "diff từ bên ngoài"
 
-#: gitk:2618
+#: gitk:2659
 msgid "Blame parent commit"
 msgstr "Xem công trạng lần chuyển giao cha mẹ"
 
-#: gitk:2625
+#: gitk:2660
+msgid "Copy path"
+msgstr "Chép đư�ng dẫn"
+
+#: gitk:2667
 msgid "Show origin of this line"
 msgstr "Hiển thị nguyên gốc của dòng này"
 
-#: gitk:2626
+#: gitk:2668
 msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
 msgstr "Chạy lệnh git gui blame cho dòng này"
 
-#: gitk:2947
+#: gitk:3014
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright © 2005-2011 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"Gitk - phần m�m xem các lần chuyển giao dành cho git\n"
+"Gitk - ứng dụng để xem các lần chuyển giao dành cho git\n"
 "\n"
-"Bản quy�n © 2005-2011 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Bản quy�n © 2005-2016 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Dùng và phân phối lại phần m�m này theo các đi�u khoản của Giấy Phép Công GNU"
 
-#: gitk:2955 gitk:3020 gitk:9738
+#: gitk:3022 gitk:3089 gitk:9857
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "�óng"
 
-#: gitk:2976
+#: gitk:3043
 msgid "Gitk key bindings"
 msgstr "Tổ hợp phím gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2979
+#: gitk:3046
 msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
 msgstr "Tổ hợp phím gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:2981
+#: gitk:3048
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
 msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tThoát"
 
-#: gitk:2982
+#: gitk:3049
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-W>\t\tClose window"
 msgstr "<%s-W>\t\t�óng cửa sổ"
 
-#: gitk:2983
+#: gitk:3050
 msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
 msgstr "<Home>\t\tChuyển đến lần chuyển giao đầu tiên"
 
-#: gitk:2984
+#: gitk:3051
 msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
 msgstr "<End>\t\tChuyển đến lần chuyển giao cuối"
 
-#: gitk:2985
+#: gitk:3052
 msgid "<Up>, p, k\tMove up one commit"
 msgstr "<Up>, p, k\tDi chuyển lên một lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: gitk:2986
+#: gitk:3053
 msgid "<Down>, n, j\tMove down one commit"
 msgstr "<Down>, n, j\tDi chuyển xuống một lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: gitk:2987
+#: gitk:3054
 msgid "<Left>, z, h\tGo back in history list"
 msgstr "<Left>, z, h\tQuay trở lại danh sách lịch sử"
 
-#: gitk:2988
+#: gitk:3055
 msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
 msgstr "<Right>, x, l\tDi chuyển tiếp trong danh sách lịch sử"
 
-#: gitk:2989
+#: gitk:3056
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-n>\tGo to n-th parent of current commit in history list"
+msgstr ""
+"<%s-n>\t�ến cha thứ n của lần chuyển giao hiện tại trong danh sách lịch sử"
+
+#: gitk:3057
 msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageUp>\tDi chuyển lên một trang trong danh sách lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: gitk:2990
+#: gitk:3058
 msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageDown>\tDi chuyển xuống một trang trong danh sách lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: gitk:2991
+#: gitk:3059
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Home>\tCuộn lên trên cùng của danh sách lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: gitk:2992
+#: gitk:3060
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-End>\tCuộn xuống dưới cùng của danh sách lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: gitk:2993
+#: gitk:3061
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Up>\tCuộn danh sách lần chuyển giao lên một dòng"
 
-#: gitk:2994
+#: gitk:3062
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Down>\tCuộn danh sách lần chuyển giao xuống một dòng"
 
-#: gitk:2995
+#: gitk:3063
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tCuộn danh sách lần chuyển giao lên một trang"
 
-#: gitk:2996
+#: gitk:3064
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tCuộn danh sách lần chuyển giao xuống một trang"
 
-#: gitk:2997
+#: gitk:3065
 msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
 msgstr "<Shift-Up>\tTìm v� phía sau (hướng lên trên, lần chuyển giao sau này)"
 
-#: gitk:2998
+#: gitk:3066
 msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
 msgstr ""
 "<Shift-Down>\tTìm v� phía trước (hướng xuống dưới, lần chuyển giao trước đây)"
 
-#: gitk:2999
+#: gitk:3067
 msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Delete>, b\tCuộn phần trình bày diff lên một trang"
 
-#: gitk:3000
+#: gitk:3068
 msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Backspace>\tCuộn phần trình bày diff lên một trang"
 
-#: gitk:3001
+#: gitk:3069
 msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
 msgstr "<Space>\t\tCuộn phần trình bày diff xuống một trang"
 
-#: gitk:3002
+#: gitk:3070
 msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
 msgstr "u\t\tCuộn phần trình bày diff lên 18 dòng"
 
-#: gitk:3003
+#: gitk:3071
 msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
 msgstr "d\t\tCuộn phần trình bày diff xuống 18 dòng"
 
-#: gitk:3004
+#: gitk:3072
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
 msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tTìm kiếm"
 
-#: gitk:3005
+#: gitk:3073
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tDi chuyển đến chỗ gặp kế tiếp"
 
-#: gitk:3006
+#: gitk:3074
 msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<Return>\t\tDi chuyển đến chỗ gặp kế tiếp"
 
-#: gitk:3007
+#: gitk:3075
+msgid "g\t\tGo to commit"
+msgstr "g\t\tChuyển đến lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: gitk:3076
 msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
 msgstr "/\t\t�ưa con tr� chuột vào ô tìm kiếm"
 
-#: gitk:3008
+#: gitk:3077
 msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
 msgstr "?\t\tDi chuyển đến chỗ gặp kế trước"
 
-#: gitk:3009
+#: gitk:3078
 msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
 msgstr "f\t\tCuộn phần trình bày diff sang tập-tin kế"
 
-#: gitk:3010
+#: gitk:3079
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tTìm đến chỗ khác biệt kế tiếp"
 
-#: gitk:3011
+#: gitk:3080
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tTìm đến chỗ khác biệt kế trước"
 
-#: gitk:3012
+#: gitk:3081
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-KP+>\tTăng cỡ chữ"
 
-#: gitk:3013
+#: gitk:3082
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-plus>\tTăng cỡ chữ"
 
-#: gitk:3014
+#: gitk:3083
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-KP->\tGiảm cỡ chữ"
 
-#: gitk:3015
+#: gitk:3084
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-minus>\tGiảm cỡ chữ"
 
-#: gitk:3016
+#: gitk:3085
 msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
 msgstr "<F5>\t\tCập nhật"
 
-#: gitk:3471 gitk:3480
+#: gitk:3550 gitk:3559
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi tạo thư mục tạm %s:"
 
-#: gitk:3493
+#: gitk:3572
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
 msgstr "Lỗi chào h�i \"%s\" từ %s:"
 
-#: gitk:3556
+#: gitk:3635
 msgid "command failed:"
 msgstr "lệnh gặp lỗi:"
 
-#: gitk:3705
+#: gitk:3784
 msgid "No such commit"
 msgstr "Không có lần chuyển giao như vậy"
 
-#: gitk:3719
+#: gitk:3798
 msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
 msgstr "git gui blame: lệnh gặp lỗi:"
 
-#: gitk:3750
+#: gitk:3829
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
 msgstr "Không thể độc đầu của hòa trộn: %s"
 
 # tcl-format
-#: gitk:3758
+#: gitk:3837
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error reading index: %s"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đ�c chỉ mục: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3783
+#: gitk:3862
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Không thể khởi chạy git blame: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3786 gitk:6652
+#: gitk:3865 gitk:6754
 msgid "Searching"
 msgstr "�ang tìm kiếm"
 
-#: gitk:3818
+#: gitk:3897
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi chạy git blame: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3846
+#: gitk:3925
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
 msgstr "Dòng đến từ lần chuyển giao %s, cái mà không trong trình bày này"
 
-#: gitk:3860
+#: gitk:3939
 msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
 msgstr "Bộ trình bày diff từ bên ngoài gặp lỗi:"
 
-#: gitk:3978
+#: gitk:4070
 msgid "Gitk view definition"
 msgstr "�ịnh nghĩa cách trình bày gitk"
 
-#: gitk:3982
+#: gitk:4074
 msgid "Remember this view"
 msgstr "Nhớ cách trình bày này"
 
-#: gitk:3983
+#: gitk:4075
 msgid "References (space separated list):"
 msgstr "Tham chiếu (danh sách ngăn cách bằng dấu cách):"
 
-#: gitk:3984
+#: gitk:4076
 msgid "Branches & tags:"
 msgstr "Nhánh & thẻ:"
 
-#: gitk:3985
+#: gitk:4077
 msgid "All refs"
 msgstr "M�i tham chiếu"
 
-#: gitk:3986
+#: gitk:4078
 msgid "All (local) branches"
 msgstr "M�i nhánh (nội bộ)"
 
-#: gitk:3987
+#: gitk:4079
 msgid "All tags"
 msgstr "M�i thẻ"
 
-#: gitk:3988
+#: gitk:4080
 msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "M�i nhánh remote-tracking"
 
-#: gitk:3989
+#: gitk:4081
 msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
 msgstr "Thông tin chuyển giao (biểu thức chính quy):"
 
-#: gitk:3990
+#: gitk:4082
 msgid "Author:"
 msgstr "Tác giả:"
 
-#: gitk:3991
+#: gitk:4083
 msgid "Committer:"
 msgstr "Ngư�i chuyển giao:"
 
-#: gitk:3992
+#: gitk:4084
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Chú thích của lần chuyển giao:"
 
-#: gitk:3993
+#: gitk:4085
 msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
 msgstr "Khớp m�i đi�u kiện Thông tin Chuyển giao"
 
-#: gitk:3994
+#: gitk:4086
+msgid "Matches no Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "Khớp không đi�u kiện Thông tin Chuyển giao"
+
+#: gitk:4087
 msgid "Changes to Files:"
 msgstr "�ổi thành Tập tin:"
 
-#: gitk:3995
+#: gitk:4088
 msgid "Fixed String"
 msgstr "Chuỗi cố định"
 
-#: gitk:3996
+#: gitk:4089
 msgid "Regular Expression"
 msgstr "Biểu thức chính quy"
 
-#: gitk:3997
+#: gitk:4090
 msgid "Search string:"
 msgstr "Chuỗi tìm kiếm:"
 
-#: gitk:3998
+#: gitk:4091
 msgid ""
 "Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
@@ -678,203 +693,203 @@ msgstr ""
 "Ngày chuyển giao (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
 
-#: gitk:3999
+#: gitk:4092
 msgid "Since:"
 msgstr "Kể từ:"
 
-#: gitk:4000
+#: gitk:4093
 msgid "Until:"
 msgstr "�ến:"
 
-#: gitk:4001
+#: gitk:4094
 msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
 msgstr "Giới hạn và/hoặc b� số của điểm xét (số nguyên âm):"
 
-#: gitk:4002
+#: gitk:4095
 msgid "Number to show:"
 msgstr "Số lượng hiển thị:"
 
-#: gitk:4003
+#: gitk:4096
 msgid "Number to skip:"
 msgstr "Số lượng sẽ b� qua:"
 
-#: gitk:4004
+#: gitk:4097
 msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
-msgstr "Tuỳ ch�n hỗn hợp:"
+msgstr "Tùy ch�n hỗn hợp:"
 
-#: gitk:4005
+#: gitk:4098
 msgid "Strictly sort by date"
 msgstr "Sắp xếp chặt chẽ theo ngày"
 
-#: gitk:4006
+#: gitk:4099
 msgid "Mark branch sides"
 msgstr "�ánh dấu các cạnh nhánh"
 
-#: gitk:4007
+#: gitk:4100
 msgid "Limit to first parent"
 msgstr "Giới hạn thành cha mẹ đầu tiên"
 
-#: gitk:4008
+#: gitk:4101
 msgid "Simple history"
 msgstr "Lịch sử dạng đơn giản"
 
-#: gitk:4009
+#: gitk:4102
 msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
 msgstr "�ối số bổ xung cho lệnh git log:"
 
-#: gitk:4010
+#: gitk:4103
 msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
 msgstr "Nhập vào các tập tin và thư mục bao gồm, mỗi dòng một cái:"
 
-#: gitk:4011
+#: gitk:4104
 msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
 msgstr "Lệnh tạo ra nhi�u lần chuyển giao hơn bao gồm:"
 
-#: gitk:4135
+#: gitk:4228
 msgid "Gitk: edit view"
 msgstr "Gitk: sửa cách trình bày"
 
-#: gitk:4143
+#: gitk:4236
 msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
 msgstr "-- tiêu chuẩn ch�n điểm xét duyệt"
 
-#: gitk:4148
+#: gitk:4241
 msgid "View Name"
 msgstr "Tên cách trình bày"
 
-#: gitk:4223
+#: gitk:4316
 msgid "Apply (F5)"
 msgstr "�p dụng (F5)"
 
-#: gitk:4261
+#: gitk:4354
 msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
 msgstr "Lỗi trong các đối số ch�n chuyển giao:"
 
-#: gitk:4314 gitk:4366 gitk:4827 gitk:4841 gitk:6107 gitk:12184 gitk:12185
+#: gitk:4409 gitk:4462 gitk:4924 gitk:4938 gitk:6208 gitk:12373 gitk:12374
 msgid "None"
 msgstr "Không"
 
-#: gitk:4924 gitk:4929
+#: gitk:5021 gitk:5026
 msgid "Descendant"
 msgstr "Con cháu"
 
-#: gitk:4925
+#: gitk:5022
 msgid "Not descendant"
 msgstr "Không có con cháu"
 
-#: gitk:4932 gitk:4937
+#: gitk:5029 gitk:5034
 msgid "Ancestor"
 msgstr "Tổ tiên chung"
 
-#: gitk:4933
+#: gitk:5030
 msgid "Not ancestor"
 msgstr "Không có chung tổ tiên"
 
-#: gitk:5223
+#: gitk:5324
 msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
 msgstr ""
 "Có thay đổi nội bộ đã được đưa vào bảng mục lục, nhưng chưa được chuyển giao"
 
-#: gitk:5259
+#: gitk:5360
 msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
 msgstr "Có thay đổi nội bộ, nhưng chưa được đưa vào bảng mục lục"
 
-#: gitk:7032
+#: gitk:7134
 msgid "and many more"
 msgstr "và nhi�u nữa"
 
-#: gitk:7035
+#: gitk:7137
 msgid "many"
 msgstr "nhi�u"
 
-#: gitk:7222
+#: gitk:7328
 msgid "Tags:"
 msgstr "Thẻ:"
 
-#: gitk:7239 gitk:7245 gitk:8708
+#: gitk:7345 gitk:7351 gitk:8825
 msgid "Parent"
 msgstr "Cha"
 
-#: gitk:7250
+#: gitk:7356
 msgid "Child"
 msgstr "Con"
 
-#: gitk:7259
+#: gitk:7365
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "Nhánh"
 
-#: gitk:7262
+#: gitk:7368
 msgid "Follows"
 msgstr "�ứng sau"
 
-#: gitk:7265
+#: gitk:7371
 msgid "Precedes"
 msgstr "�ứng trước"
 
 # tcl-format
-#: gitk:7849
+#: gitk:7966
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
 msgstr "Lỗi lấy diff: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8533
+#: gitk:8650
 msgid "Goto:"
 msgstr "Nhảy tới:"
 
-#: gitk:8554
+#: gitk:8671
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
 msgstr "�ịnh danh SHA1 dạng ngắn %s là chưa đủ rõ ràng"
 
-#: gitk:8561
+#: gitk:8678
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not known"
 msgstr "Không hiểu điểm xét duyệt %s"
 
-#: gitk:8571
+#: gitk:8688
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
 msgstr "Không hiểu định danh SHA1 %s"
 
-#: gitk:8573
+#: gitk:8690
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
 msgstr "�iểm %s không ở trong phần hiển thị hiện tại"
 
-#: gitk:8715 gitk:8730
+#: gitk:8832 gitk:8847
 msgid "Date"
 msgstr "Ngày"
 
-#: gitk:8718
+#: gitk:8835
 msgid "Children"
 msgstr "Con cháu"
 
-#: gitk:8781
+#: gitk:8898
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
 msgstr "�ặt lại nhánh %s tại đây"
 
-#: gitk:8783
+#: gitk:8900
 msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
 msgstr "Head đã bị tách r�i: không thể đặt lại"
 
-#: gitk:8888 gitk:8894
+#: gitk:9005 gitk:9011
 msgid "Skipping merge commit "
 msgstr "B� qua lần chuyển giao hòa trộn "
 
-#: gitk:8903 gitk:8908
+#: gitk:9020 gitk:9025
 msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi lấy ID miếng vá cho "
 
-#: gitk:8904 gitk:8909
+#: gitk:9021 gitk:9026
 msgid " - stopping\n"
 msgstr " - dừng\n"
 
-#: gitk:8914 gitk:8917 gitk:8925 gitk:8939 gitk:8948
+#: gitk:9031 gitk:9034 gitk:9042 gitk:9056 gitk:9065
 msgid "Commit "
 msgstr "Commit "
 
-#: gitk:8918
+#: gitk:9035
 msgid ""
 " is the same patch as\n"
 "       "
@@ -882,7 +897,7 @@ msgstr ""
 " là cùng một miếng vá với\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8926
+#: gitk:9043
 msgid ""
 " differs from\n"
 "       "
@@ -890,7 +905,7 @@ msgstr ""
 " khác biệt từ\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8928
+#: gitk:9045
 msgid ""
 "Diff of commits:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -898,131 +913,131 @@ msgstr ""
 "Khác biệt của lần chuyển giao (commit):\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: gitk:8940 gitk:8949
+#: gitk:9057 gitk:9066
 #, tcl-format
 msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
 msgstr " có %s con - dừng\n"
 
-#: gitk:8968
+#: gitk:9085
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi trong quá trình ghi lần chuyển giao vào tập tin: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8974
+#: gitk:9091
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi so sánh sự khác biệt giữa các lần chuyển giao: %s"
 
-#: gitk:9020
+#: gitk:9137
 msgid "Top"
 msgstr "�ỉnh"
 
-#: gitk:9021
+#: gitk:9138
 msgid "From"
 msgstr "Từ"
 
-#: gitk:9026
+#: gitk:9143
 msgid "To"
 msgstr "�ến"
 
-#: gitk:9050
+#: gitk:9167
 msgid "Generate patch"
 msgstr "Tạo miếng vá"
 
-#: gitk:9052
+#: gitk:9169
 msgid "From:"
 msgstr "Từ:"
 
-#: gitk:9061
+#: gitk:9178
 msgid "To:"
 msgstr "�ến:"
 
-#: gitk:9070
+#: gitk:9187
 msgid "Reverse"
 msgstr "�ảo ngược"
 
-#: gitk:9072 gitk:9268
+#: gitk:9189 gitk:9385
 msgid "Output file:"
 msgstr "Tập tin kết xuất:"
 
-#: gitk:9078
+#: gitk:9195
 msgid "Generate"
 msgstr "Tạo"
 
-#: gitk:9116
+#: gitk:9233
 msgid "Error creating patch:"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi tạo miếng vá:"
 
-#: gitk:9139 gitk:9256 gitk:9313
+#: gitk:9256 gitk:9373 gitk:9430
 msgid "ID:"
-msgstr "ID:"
+msgstr "Mã số:"
 
-#: gitk:9148
+#: gitk:9265
 msgid "Tag name:"
 msgstr "Tên thẻ:"
 
-#: gitk:9151
+#: gitk:9268
 msgid "Tag message is optional"
 msgstr "Ghi chú thẻ chỉ là tùy ch�n"
 
-#: gitk:9153
+#: gitk:9270
 msgid "Tag message:"
 msgstr "Ghi chú cho thẻ:"
 
-#: gitk:9157 gitk:9322
+#: gitk:9274 gitk:9439
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "Tạo"
 
-#: gitk:9175
+#: gitk:9292
 msgid "No tag name specified"
 msgstr "Chưa chỉ ra tên của thẻ"
 
-#: gitk:9179
+#: gitk:9296
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
 msgstr "Thẻ “%s� đã có sẵn rồi"
 
-#: gitk:9189
+#: gitk:9306
 msgid "Error creating tag:"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi tạo thẻ:"
 
-#: gitk:9265
+#: gitk:9382
 msgid "Command:"
 msgstr "Lệnh:"
 
-#: gitk:9273
+#: gitk:9390
 msgid "Write"
 msgstr "Ghi"
 
-#: gitk:9291
+#: gitk:9408
 msgid "Error writing commit:"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi trong quá trình ghi chuyển giao:"
 
-#: gitk:9318
+#: gitk:9435
 msgid "Name:"
 msgstr "Tên:"
 
-#: gitk:9341
+#: gitk:9458
 msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
 msgstr "Vui lòng chỉ định tên cho nhánh mới"
 
-#: gitk:9346
+#: gitk:9463
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
 msgstr "Nhánh “%s� đã có từ trước rồi. Ghi đè?"
 
-#: gitk:9413
+#: gitk:9530
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
 msgstr ""
 "Lần chuyển giao %s đã sẵn được bao gồm trong nhánh %s -- bạn có thực sự muốn "
 "áp dụng lại nó không?"
 
-#: gitk:9418
+#: gitk:9535
 msgid "Cherry-picking"
 msgstr "�ang cherry-pick"
 
-#: gitk:9427
+#: gitk:9544
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
@@ -1031,7 +1046,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Cherry-pick gặp lỗi bởi vì các thay đổi nội bộ tập tin “%s�.\n"
 "Xin hãy chuyển giao, reset hay stash các thay đổi của bạn sau đó thử lại."
 
-#: gitk:9433
+#: gitk:9550
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
 "Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
@@ -1039,22 +1054,22 @@ msgstr ""
 "Cherry-pick gặp lỗi bởi vì xung đột trong hòa trộn.\n"
 "Bạn có muốn chạy lệnh “git citool� để giải quyết vấn đ� này không?"
 
-#: gitk:9449 gitk:9507
+#: gitk:9566 gitk:9624
 msgid "No changes committed"
 msgstr "Không có thay đổi nào cần chuyển giao"
 
-#: gitk:9476
+#: gitk:9593
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is not included in branch %s -- really revert it?"
 msgstr ""
 "Lần chuyển giao %s không được bao gồm trong nhánh %s -- bạn có thực sự muốn "
 "“revert� nó không?"
 
-#: gitk:9481
+#: gitk:9598
 msgid "Reverting"
 msgstr "�ang hoàn tác"
 
-#: gitk:9489
+#: gitk:9606
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Revert failed because of local changes to the following files:%s Please "
@@ -1063,7 +1078,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Revert gặp lỗi bởi vì tập tin sau đã được thay đổi nội bộ:%s\n"
 "Xin hãy chạy lệnh “commit�, “reset� hoặc “stash� rồi thử lại."
 
-#: gitk:9493
+#: gitk:9610
 msgid ""
 "Revert failed because of merge conflict.\n"
 " Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
@@ -1071,29 +1086,29 @@ msgstr ""
 "Revert gặp lỗi bởi vì xung đột hòa trộn.\n"
 " Bạn có muốn chạy lệnh “git citool� để phân giải nó không?"
 
-#: gitk:9536
+#: gitk:9653
 msgid "Confirm reset"
 msgstr "Xác nhật đặt lại"
 
-#: gitk:9538
+#: gitk:9655
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
 msgstr "�ặt lại nhánh “%s� thành “%s�?"
 
-#: gitk:9540
+#: gitk:9657
 msgid "Reset type:"
 msgstr "Kiểu đặt lại:"
 
-#: gitk:9543
+#: gitk:9660
 msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
 msgstr "M�m: Không động đến thư mục làm việc và bảng mục lục"
 
-#: gitk:9546
+#: gitk:9663
 msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
 msgstr ""
 "Pha trộn: Không động chạm đến thư mục làm việc nhưng đặt lại bảng mục lục"
 
-#: gitk:9549
+#: gitk:9666
 msgid ""
 "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
 "(discard ALL local changes)"
@@ -1101,19 +1116,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "Hard: �ặt lại cây làm việc và mục lục\n"
 "(hủy b� MỌI thay đổi nội bộ)"
 
-#: gitk:9566
+#: gitk:9683
 msgid "Resetting"
 msgstr "�ang đặt lại"
 
-#: gitk:9626
+#: gitk:9743
 msgid "Checking out"
 msgstr "�ang checkout"
 
-#: gitk:9679
+#: gitk:9796
 msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
 msgstr "Không thể xóa nhánh hiện tại đang được lấy ra"
 
-#: gitk:9685
+#: gitk:9802
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
@@ -1122,16 +1137,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "Các lần chuyển giao trên nhánh %s không ở trên nhánh khác.\n"
 "Thực sự muốn xóa nhánh %s?"
 
-#: gitk:9716
+#: gitk:9833
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
 msgstr "Thẻ và �ầu: %s"
 
-#: gitk:9731
+#: gitk:9850
 msgid "Filter"
 msgstr "Bộ l�c"
 
-#: gitk:10027
+#: gitk:10146
 msgid ""
 "Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
 "tag information will be incomplete."
@@ -1139,213 +1154,226 @@ msgstr ""
 "Gặp lỗi khi đ�c thông tin hình h�c lần chuyển giao; thông tin nhánh và thẻ "
 "trước/sau sẽ không hoàn thiện."
 
-#: gitk:11004
+#: gitk:11123
 msgid "Tag"
 msgstr "Thẻ"
 
-#: gitk:11008
+#: gitk:11127
 msgid "Id"
 msgstr "Id"
 
-#: gitk:11091
+#: gitk:11210
 msgid "Gitk font chooser"
 msgstr "Hộp thoại ch�n phông Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:11108
+#: gitk:11227
 msgid "B"
 msgstr "B"
 
-#: gitk:11111
+#: gitk:11230
 msgid "I"
 msgstr "I"
 
-#: gitk:11229
+#: gitk:11348
 msgid "Commit list display options"
 msgstr "Các tùy ch�n v� hiển thị danh sách lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: gitk:11232
+#: gitk:11351
 msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
 msgstr "�ộ rộng biểu đồ tối đa (dòng)"
 
-#: gitk:11235
-#, tcl-format
+#: gitk:11355
+#, no-tcl-format
 msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
-msgstr "�ộ rộng biểu đồ tối đa (% của bảng)"
+msgstr "�ộ rộng đồ thị tối đa (% của bảng)"
 
-#: gitk:11238
+#: gitk:11358
 msgid "Show local changes"
 msgstr "Hiển thị các thay đổi nội bộ"
 
-#: gitk:11241
+#: gitk:11361
 msgid "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"
-msgstr "Tự ch�n SHA1 (độ dài)"
+msgstr "Tự ch�n (độ dài) SHA1"
 
-#: gitk:11245
+#: gitk:11365
 msgid "Hide remote refs"
 msgstr "Ẩn tham chiếu đến máy chủ"
 
-#: gitk:11249
+#: gitk:11369
 msgid "Diff display options"
 msgstr "Các tùy ch�n trình bày các khác biệt"
 
-#: gitk:11251
+#: gitk:11371
 msgid "Tab spacing"
 msgstr "Khoảng cách tab"
 
-#: gitk:11254
+#: gitk:11374
 msgid "Display nearby tags/heads"
 msgstr "Hiển thị các thẻ/đầu xung quanh"
 
-#: gitk:11257
+#: gitk:11377
 msgid "Maximum # tags/heads to show"
 msgstr "Số lượng thẻ/đầu tối đa sẽ hiển thị"
 
-#: gitk:11260
+#: gitk:11380
 msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
 msgstr "Giới hạn các khác biệt cho đư�ng dẫn đã liệt kê"
 
-#: gitk:11263
+#: gitk:11383
 msgid "Support per-file encodings"
 msgstr "Hỗ trợ mã hóa mỗi-dòng"
 
-#: gitk:11269 gitk:11416
+#: gitk:11389 gitk:11536
 msgid "External diff tool"
 msgstr "Công cụ so sánh từ bên ngoài"
 
-#: gitk:11270
+#: gitk:11390
 msgid "Choose..."
-msgstr "Ch�n..."
+msgstr "Ch�n…"
 
-#: gitk:11275
+#: gitk:11395
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Các tùy ch�n chung"
 
-#: gitk:11278
+#: gitk:11398
 msgid "Use themed widgets"
 msgstr "Dùng các widget chủ đ�"
 
-#: gitk:11280
+#: gitk:11400
 msgid "(change requires restart)"
 msgstr "(để thay đổi cần khởi động lại)"
 
-#: gitk:11282
+#: gitk:11402
 msgid "(currently unavailable)"
 msgstr "(hiện tại không sẵn sàng)"
 
-#: gitk:11293
+#: gitk:11413
 msgid "Colors: press to choose"
 msgstr "Màu sắc: bấm vào nút phía dưới để ch�n màu"
 
-#: gitk:11296
+#: gitk:11416
 msgid "Interface"
 msgstr "Giao diện"
 
-#: gitk:11297
+#: gitk:11417
 msgid "interface"
 msgstr "giao diện"
 
-#: gitk:11300
+#: gitk:11420
 msgid "Background"
 msgstr "N�n"
 
-#: gitk:11301 gitk:11331
+#: gitk:11421 gitk:11451
 msgid "background"
 msgstr "n�n"
 
-#: gitk:11304
+#: gitk:11424
 msgid "Foreground"
 msgstr "Ti�n cảnh"
 
-#: gitk:11305
+#: gitk:11425
 msgid "foreground"
 msgstr "ti�n cảnh"
 
-#: gitk:11308
+#: gitk:11428
 msgid "Diff: old lines"
 msgstr "So sánh: dòng cũ"
 
-#: gitk:11309
+#: gitk:11429
 msgid "diff old lines"
 msgstr "diff dòng cũ"
 
-#: gitk:11313
+#: gitk:11433
 msgid "Diff: new lines"
 msgstr "So sánh: dòng mới"
 
-#: gitk:11314
+#: gitk:11434
 msgid "diff new lines"
 msgstr "màu dòng mới"
 
-#: gitk:11318
+#: gitk:11438
 msgid "Diff: hunk header"
 msgstr "So sánh: phần đầu của đoạn"
 
-#: gitk:11320
+#: gitk:11440
 msgid "diff hunk header"
 msgstr "màu của phần đầu của đoạn khi so sánh"
 
-#: gitk:11324
+#: gitk:11444
 msgid "Marked line bg"
 msgstr "N�n dòng đánh dấu"
 
-#: gitk:11326
+#: gitk:11446
 msgid "marked line background"
 msgstr "n�n dòng được đánh dấu"
 
-#: gitk:11330
+#: gitk:11450
 msgid "Select bg"
 msgstr "Màu n�n"
 
-#: gitk:11339
+#: gitk:11459
 msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
 msgstr "Phông chữ: bấm vào các nút ở dưới để ch�n"
 
-#: gitk:11341
+#: gitk:11461
 msgid "Main font"
 msgstr "Phông chữ chính"
 
-#: gitk:11342
+#: gitk:11462
 msgid "Diff display font"
 msgstr "Phông chữ dùng khi so sánh"
 
-#: gitk:11343
+#: gitk:11463
 msgid "User interface font"
 msgstr "Phông chữ giao diện"
 
-#: gitk:11365
+#: gitk:11485
 msgid "Gitk preferences"
 msgstr "Cá nhân hóa các cài đặt cho Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:11374
+#: gitk:11494
 msgid "General"
 msgstr "Chung"
 
-#: gitk:11375
+#: gitk:11495
 msgid "Colors"
 msgstr "Màu sắc"
 
-#: gitk:11376
+#: gitk:11496
 msgid "Fonts"
 msgstr "Phông chữ"
 
-#: gitk:11426
+#: gitk:11546
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
 msgstr "Gitk: ch�n màu cho %s"
 
-#: gitk:12080
+#: gitk:12059
+msgid ""
+"Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+msgstr ""
+"Rất tiếc, gitk không thể chạy Tcl/Tk phiên bản này.\n"
+" Gitk cần ít nhất là Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+
+#: gitk:12269
 msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
 msgstr "Không thể tìm thấy kho git ở đây."
 
-#: gitk:12127
+#: gitk:12316
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
 msgstr "�ối số “%s� chưa rõ ràng: vừa là điểm xét duyệt vừa là tên tập tin"
 
-#: gitk:12139
+#: gitk:12328
 msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
-msgstr "�ối số không hợp lệ cho gitk:"
+msgstr "�ối số cho gitk không hợp lệ:"
 
-#: gitk:12242
-msgid "Command line"
-msgstr "Dòng lệnh"
+#~ msgid "mc"
+#~ msgstr "mc"
+
+#~ msgid "next"
+#~ msgstr "tiếp"
+
+#~ msgid "prev"
+#~ msgstr "trÆ°á»›c"
diff --git a/gitweb/INSTALL b/gitweb/INSTALL
index 408f2859d3..a58e6b3c44 100644
--- a/gitweb/INSTALL
+++ b/gitweb/INSTALL
@@ -29,12 +29,11 @@ Requirements
 ------------
 
  - Core git tools
- - Perl
+ - Perl 5.8
  - Perl modules: CGI, Encode, Fcntl, File::Find, File::Basename.
  - web server
 
 The following optional Perl modules are required for extra features
- - Digest::MD5 - for gravatar support
  - CGI::Fast and FCGI - for running gitweb as FastCGI script
  - HTML::TagCloud - for fancy tag cloud in project list view
  - HTTP::Date or Time::ParseDate - to support If-Modified-Since for feeds
diff --git a/gitweb/gitweb.perl b/gitweb/gitweb.perl
index 7a5b23acf2..2594a4badb 100755
--- a/gitweb/gitweb.perl
+++ b/gitweb/gitweb.perl
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
 use 5.008;
 use strict;
 use warnings;
+# handle ACL in file access tests
+use filetest 'access';
 use CGI qw(:standard :escapeHTML -nosticky);
 use CGI::Util qw(unescape);
 use CGI::Carp qw(fatalsToBrowser set_message);
@@ -18,6 +20,8 @@ use Fcntl ':mode';
 use File::Find qw();
 use File::Basename qw(basename);
 use Time::HiRes qw(gettimeofday tv_interval);
+use Digest::MD5 qw(md5_hex);
+
 binmode STDOUT, ':utf8';
 
 if (!defined($CGI::VERSION) || $CGI::VERSION < 4.08) {
@@ -488,7 +492,6 @@ our %feature = (
 	# Currently available providers are gravatar and picon.
 	# If an unknown provider is specified, the feature is disabled.
 
-	# Gravatar depends on Digest::MD5.
 	# Picon currently relies on the indiana.edu database.
 
 	# To enable system wide have in $GITWEB_CONFIG
@@ -1164,18 +1167,8 @@ sub configure_gitweb_features {
 	our @snapshot_fmts = gitweb_get_feature('snapshot');
 	@snapshot_fmts = filter_snapshot_fmts(@snapshot_fmts);
 
-	# check that the avatar feature is set to a known provider name,
-	# and for each provider check if the dependencies are satisfied.
-	# if the provider name is invalid or the dependencies are not met,
-	# reset $git_avatar to the empty string.
 	our ($git_avatar) = gitweb_get_feature('avatar');
-	if ($git_avatar eq 'gravatar') {
-		$git_avatar = '' unless (eval { require Digest::MD5; 1; });
-	} elsif ($git_avatar eq 'picon') {
-		# no dependencies
-	} else {
-		$git_avatar = '';
-	}
+	$git_avatar = '' unless $git_avatar =~ /^(?:gravatar|picon)$/s;
 
 	our @extra_branch_refs = gitweb_get_feature('extra-branch-refs');
 	@extra_branch_refs = filter_and_validate_refs (@extra_branch_refs);
@@ -1616,7 +1609,7 @@ sub esc_path {
 	return $str;
 }
 
-# Sanitize for use in XHTML + application/xml+xhtm (valid XML 1.0)
+# Sanitize for use in XHTML + application/xml+xhtml (valid XML 1.0)
 sub sanitize {
 	my $str = shift;
 
@@ -2036,10 +2029,24 @@ sub format_log_line_html {
 	my $line = shift;
 
 	$line = esc_html($line, -nbsp=>1);
-	$line =~ s{\b([0-9a-fA-F]{8,40})\b}{
+	$line =~ s{
+        \b
+        (
+            # The output of "git describe", e.g. v2.10.0-297-gf6727b0
+            # or hadoop-20160921-113441-20-g094fb7d
+            (?<!-) # see strbuf_check_tag_ref(). Tags can't start with -
+            [A-Za-z0-9.-]+
+            (?!\.) # refs can't end with ".", see check_refname_format()
+            -g[0-9a-fA-F]{7,40}
+            |
+            # Just a normal looking Git SHA1
+            [0-9a-fA-F]{7,40}
+        )
+        \b
+    }{
 		$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"object", hash=>$1),
 					-class => "text"}, $1);
-	}eg;
+	}egx;
 
 	return $line;
 }
@@ -2090,7 +2097,7 @@ sub format_ref_marker {
 				-href => href(
 					action=>$dest_action,
 					hash=>$dest
-				)}, $name);
+				)}, esc_html($name));
 
 			$markers .= " <span class=\"".esc_attr($class)."\" title=\"".esc_attr($ref)."\">" .
 				$link . "</span>";
@@ -2151,7 +2158,7 @@ sub gravatar_url {
 	my $size = shift;
 	$avatar_cache{$email} ||=
 		"//www.gravatar.com/avatar/" .
-			Digest::MD5::md5_hex($email) . "?s=";
+			md5_hex($email) . "?s=";
 	return $avatar_cache{$email} . $size;
 }
 
@@ -3057,6 +3064,8 @@ sub git_get_projects_list {
 				return if (m!^[/.]$!);
 				# only directories can be git repositories
 				return unless (-d $_);
+				# need search permission
+				return unless (-x $_);
 				# don't traverse too deep (Find is super slow on os x)
 				# $project_maxdepth excludes depth of $projectroot
 				if (($File::Find::name =~ tr!/!!) - $pfxdepth > $project_maxdepth) {
@@ -3111,7 +3120,7 @@ sub git_get_projects_list {
 	return @list;
 }
 
-# written with help of Tree::Trie module (Perl Artistic License, GPL compatibile)
+# written with help of Tree::Trie module (Perl Artistic License, GPL compatible)
 # as side effects it sets 'forks' field to list of forks for forked projects
 sub filter_forks_from_projects_list {
 	my $projects = shift;
@@ -3913,7 +3922,7 @@ sub blob_contenttype {
 # guess file syntax for syntax highlighting; return undef if no highlighting
 # the name of syntax can (in the future) depend on syntax highlighter used
 sub guess_file_syntax {
-	my ($highlight, $mimetype, $file_name) = @_;
+	my ($highlight, $file_name) = @_;
 	return undef unless ($highlight && defined $file_name);
 	my $basename = basename($file_name, '.in');
 	return $highlight_basename{$basename}
@@ -3931,12 +3940,16 @@ sub guess_file_syntax {
 # or return original FD if no highlighting
 sub run_highlighter {
 	my ($fd, $highlight, $syntax) = @_;
-	return $fd unless ($highlight && defined $syntax);
+	return $fd unless ($highlight);
 
 	close $fd;
+	my $syntax_arg = (defined $syntax) ? "--syntax $syntax" : "--force";
 	open $fd, quote_command(git_cmd(), "cat-file", "blob", $hash)." | ".
+	          quote_command($^X, '-CO', '-MEncode=decode,FB_DEFAULT', '-pse',
+	            '$_ = decode($fe, $_, FB_DEFAULT) if !utf8::decode($_);',
+	            '--', "-fe=$fallback_encoding")." | ".
 	          quote_command($highlight_bin).
-	          " --replace-tabs=8 --fragment --syntax $syntax |"
+	          " --replace-tabs=8 --fragment $syntax_arg |"
 		or die_error(500, "Couldn't open file or run syntax highlighter");
 	return $fd;
 }
@@ -4358,7 +4371,7 @@ sub git_print_page_nav {
 	      "</div>\n";
 }
 
-# returns a submenu for the nagivation of the refs views (tags, heads,
+# returns a submenu for the navigation of the refs views (tags, heads,
 # remotes) with the current view disabled and the remotes view only
 # available if the feature is enabled
 sub format_ref_views {
@@ -5947,6 +5960,9 @@ sub git_history_body {
 		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff", hash=>$commit)}, "commitdiff");
 
 		if ($ftype eq 'blob') {
+			print " | " .
+			      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob_plain", hash_base=>$commit, file_name=>$file_name)}, "raw");
+
 			my $blob_current = $file_hash;
 			my $blob_parent  = git_get_hash_by_path($commit, $file_name);
 			if (defined $blob_current && defined $blob_parent &&
@@ -7059,9 +7075,8 @@ sub git_blob {
 	$have_blame &&= ($mimetype =~ m!^text/!);
 
 	my $highlight = gitweb_check_feature('highlight');
-	my $syntax = guess_file_syntax($highlight, $mimetype, $file_name);
-	$fd = run_highlighter($fd, $highlight, $syntax)
-		if $syntax;
+	my $syntax = guess_file_syntax($highlight, $file_name);
+	$fd = run_highlighter($fd, $highlight, $syntax);
 
 	git_header_html(undef, $expires);
 	my $formats_nav = '';
@@ -7114,7 +7129,7 @@ sub git_blob {
 			$line = untabify($line);
 			printf qq!<div class="pre"><a id="l%i" href="%s#l%i" class="linenr">%4i</a> %s</div>\n!,
 			       $nr, esc_attr(href(-replay => 1)), $nr, $nr,
-			       $syntax ? sanitize($line) : esc_html($line, -nbsp=>1);
+			       $highlight ? sanitize($line) : esc_html($line, -nbsp=>1);
 		}
 	}
 	close $fd
@@ -7576,7 +7591,7 @@ sub git_object {
 			git_cmd(), 'cat-file', '-t', $object_id) . ' 2> /dev/null'
 			or die_error(404, "Object does not exist");
 		$type = <$fd>;
-		chomp $type;
+		defined $type && chomp $type;
 		close $fd
 			or die_error(404, "Object does not exist");
 
@@ -8068,7 +8083,7 @@ sub git_search_help {
 <p><strong>Pattern</strong> is by default a normal string that is matched precisely (but without
 regard to case, except in the case of pickaxe). However, when you check the <em>re</em> checkbox,
 the pattern entered is recognized as the POSIX extended
-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression">regular expression</a> (also case
+<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression">regular expression</a> (also case
 insensitive).</p>
 <dl>
 <dt><b>commit</b></dt>
diff --git a/gpg-interface.c b/gpg-interface.c
index 68b0c814f7..db17d65f8a 100644
--- a/gpg-interface.c
+++ b/gpg-interface.c
@@ -1,27 +1,78 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
+#include "tempfile.h"
 
 static char *configured_signing_key;
-static const char *gpg_program = "gpg";
+struct gpg_format {
+	const char *name;
+	const char *program;
+	const char **verify_args;
+	const char **sigs;
+};
+
+static const char *openpgp_verify_args[] = {
+	"--keyid-format=long",
+	NULL
+};
+static const char *openpgp_sigs[] = {
+	"-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----",
+	"-----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE-----",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static const char *x509_verify_args[] = {
+	NULL
+};
+static const char *x509_sigs[] = {
+	"-----BEGIN SIGNED MESSAGE-----",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static struct gpg_format gpg_format[] = {
+	{ .name = "openpgp", .program = "gpg",
+	  .verify_args = openpgp_verify_args,
+	  .sigs = openpgp_sigs
+	},
+	{ .name = "x509", .program = "gpgsm",
+	  .verify_args = x509_verify_args,
+	  .sigs = x509_sigs
+	},
+};
+
+static struct gpg_format *use_format = &gpg_format[0];
+
+static struct gpg_format *get_format_by_name(const char *str)
+{
+	int i;
 
-#define PGP_SIGNATURE "-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----"
-#define PGP_MESSAGE "-----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE-----"
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(gpg_format); i++)
+		if (!strcmp(gpg_format[i].name, str))
+			return gpg_format + i;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct gpg_format *get_format_by_sig(const char *sig)
+{
+	int i, j;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(gpg_format); i++)
+		for (j = 0; gpg_format[i].sigs[j]; j++)
+			if (starts_with(sig, gpg_format[i].sigs[j]))
+				return gpg_format + i;
+	return NULL;
+}
 
 void signature_check_clear(struct signature_check *sigc)
 {
-	free(sigc->payload);
-	free(sigc->gpg_output);
-	free(sigc->gpg_status);
-	free(sigc->signer);
-	free(sigc->key);
-	sigc->payload = NULL;
-	sigc->gpg_output = NULL;
-	sigc->gpg_status = NULL;
-	sigc->signer = NULL;
-	sigc->key = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(sigc->payload);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(sigc->gpg_output);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(sigc->gpg_status);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(sigc->signer);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(sigc->key);
 }
 
 static struct {
@@ -32,9 +83,13 @@ static struct {
 	{ 'B', "\n[GNUPG:] BADSIG " },
 	{ 'U', "\n[GNUPG:] TRUST_NEVER" },
 	{ 'U', "\n[GNUPG:] TRUST_UNDEFINED" },
+	{ 'E', "\n[GNUPG:] ERRSIG "},
+	{ 'X', "\n[GNUPG:] EXPSIG "},
+	{ 'Y', "\n[GNUPG:] EXPKEYSIG "},
+	{ 'R', "\n[GNUPG:] REVKEYSIG "},
 };
 
-void parse_gpg_output(struct signature_check *sigc)
+static void parse_gpg_output(struct signature_check *sigc)
 {
 	const char *buf = sigc->gpg_status;
 	int i;
@@ -52,30 +107,70 @@ void parse_gpg_output(struct signature_check *sigc)
 		sigc->result = sigcheck_gpg_status[i].result;
 		/* The trust messages are not followed by key/signer information */
 		if (sigc->result != 'U') {
-			sigc->key = xmemdupz(found, 16);
-			found += 17;
-			next = strchrnul(found, '\n');
-			sigc->signer = xmemdupz(found, next - found);
+			next = strchrnul(found, ' ');
+			sigc->key = xmemdupz(found, next - found);
+			/* The ERRSIG message is not followed by signer information */
+			if (*next && sigc-> result != 'E') {
+				found = next + 1;
+				next = strchrnul(found, '\n');
+				sigc->signer = xmemdupz(found, next - found);
+			}
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-/*
- * Look at GPG signed content (e.g. a signed tag object), whose
- * payload is followed by a detached signature on it.  Return the
- * offset where the embedded detached signature begins, or the end of
- * the data when there is no such signature.
- */
-size_t parse_signature(const char *buf, unsigned long size)
+int check_signature(const char *payload, size_t plen, const char *signature,
+	size_t slen, struct signature_check *sigc)
+{
+	struct strbuf gpg_output = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf gpg_status = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int status;
+
+	sigc->result = 'N';
+
+	status = verify_signed_buffer(payload, plen, signature, slen,
+				      &gpg_output, &gpg_status);
+	if (status && !gpg_output.len)
+		goto out;
+	sigc->payload = xmemdupz(payload, plen);
+	sigc->gpg_output = strbuf_detach(&gpg_output, NULL);
+	sigc->gpg_status = strbuf_detach(&gpg_status, NULL);
+	parse_gpg_output(sigc);
+	status |= sigc->result != 'G' && sigc->result != 'U';
+
+ out:
+	strbuf_release(&gpg_status);
+	strbuf_release(&gpg_output);
+
+	return !!status;
+}
+
+void print_signature_buffer(const struct signature_check *sigc, unsigned flags)
+{
+	const char *output = flags & GPG_VERIFY_RAW ?
+		sigc->gpg_status : sigc->gpg_output;
+
+	if (flags & GPG_VERIFY_VERBOSE && sigc->payload)
+		fputs(sigc->payload, stdout);
+
+	if (output)
+		fputs(output, stderr);
+}
+
+size_t parse_signature(const char *buf, size_t size)
 {
-	char *eol;
 	size_t len = 0;
-	while (len < size && !starts_with(buf + len, PGP_SIGNATURE) &&
-			!starts_with(buf + len, PGP_MESSAGE)) {
+	size_t match = size;
+	while (len < size) {
+		const char *eol;
+
+		if (get_format_by_sig(buf + len))
+			match = len;
+
 		eol = memchr(buf + len, '\n', size - len);
 		len += eol ? eol - (buf + len) + 1 : size - len;
 	}
-	return len;
+	return match;
 }
 
 void set_signing_key(const char *key)
@@ -86,14 +181,38 @@ void set_signing_key(const char *key)
 
 int git_gpg_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
+	struct gpg_format *fmt = NULL;
+	char *fmtname = NULL;
+
 	if (!strcmp(var, "user.signingkey")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
 		set_signing_key(value);
+		return 0;
 	}
-	if (!strcmp(var, "gpg.program")) {
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "gpg.format")) {
 		if (!value)
 			return config_error_nonbool(var);
-		gpg_program = xstrdup(value);
+		fmt = get_format_by_name(value);
+		if (!fmt)
+			return error("unsupported value for %s: %s",
+				     var, value);
+		use_format = fmt;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "gpg.program") || !strcmp(var, "gpg.openpgp.program"))
+		fmtname = "openpgp";
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "gpg.x509.program"))
+		fmtname = "x509";
+
+	if (fmtname) {
+		fmt = get_format_by_name(fmtname);
+		return git_config_string(&fmt->program, var, value);
 	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -104,51 +223,33 @@ const char *get_signing_key(void)
 	return git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT|IDENT_NO_DATE);
 }
 
-/*
- * Create a detached signature for the contents of "buffer" and append
- * it after "signature"; "buffer" and "signature" can be the same
- * strbuf instance, which would cause the detached signature appended
- * at the end.
- */
 int sign_buffer(struct strbuf *buffer, struct strbuf *signature, const char *signing_key)
 {
 	struct child_process gpg = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-	const char *args[4];
-	ssize_t len;
+	int ret;
 	size_t i, j, bottom;
+	struct strbuf gpg_status = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	gpg.argv = args;
-	gpg.in = -1;
-	gpg.out = -1;
-	args[0] = gpg_program;
-	args[1] = "-bsau";
-	args[2] = signing_key;
-	args[3] = NULL;
+	argv_array_pushl(&gpg.args,
+			 use_format->program,
+			 "--status-fd=2",
+			 "-bsau", signing_key,
+			 NULL);
 
-	if (start_command(&gpg))
-		return error(_("could not run gpg."));
+	bottom = signature->len;
 
 	/*
 	 * When the username signingkey is bad, program could be terminated
 	 * because gpg exits without reading and then write gets SIGPIPE.
 	 */
 	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
-
-	if (write_in_full(gpg.in, buffer->buf, buffer->len) != buffer->len) {
-		close(gpg.in);
-		close(gpg.out);
-		finish_command(&gpg);
-		return error(_("gpg did not accept the data"));
-	}
-	close(gpg.in);
-
-	bottom = signature->len;
-	len = strbuf_read(signature, gpg.out, 1024);
-	close(gpg.out);
-
+	ret = pipe_command(&gpg, buffer->buf, buffer->len,
+			   signature, 1024, &gpg_status, 0);
 	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
 
-	if (finish_command(&gpg) || !len || len < 0)
+	ret |= !strstr(gpg_status.buf, "\n[GNUPG:] SIG_CREATED ");
+	strbuf_release(&gpg_status);
+	if (ret)
 		return error(_("gpg failed to sign the data"));
 
 	/* Strip CR from the line endings, in case we are on Windows. */
@@ -163,60 +264,49 @@ int sign_buffer(struct strbuf *buffer, struct strbuf *signature, const char *sig
 	return 0;
 }
 
-/*
- * Run "gpg" to see if the payload matches the detached signature.
- * gpg_output, when set, receives the diagnostic output from GPG.
- * gpg_status, when set, receives the status output from GPG.
- */
 int verify_signed_buffer(const char *payload, size_t payload_size,
 			 const char *signature, size_t signature_size,
 			 struct strbuf *gpg_output, struct strbuf *gpg_status)
 {
 	struct child_process gpg = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-	const char *args_gpg[] = {NULL, "--status-fd=1", "--verify", "FILE", "-", NULL};
-	char path[PATH_MAX];
-	int fd, ret;
+	struct gpg_format *fmt;
+	struct tempfile *temp;
+	int ret;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf *pbuf = &buf;
-
-	args_gpg[0] = gpg_program;
-	fd = git_mkstemp(path, PATH_MAX, ".git_vtag_tmpXXXXXX");
-	if (fd < 0)
-		return error(_("could not create temporary file '%s': %s"),
-			     path, strerror(errno));
-	if (write_in_full(fd, signature, signature_size) < 0)
-		return error(_("failed writing detached signature to '%s': %s"),
-			     path, strerror(errno));
-	close(fd);
-
-	gpg.argv = args_gpg;
-	gpg.in = -1;
-	gpg.out = -1;
-	if (gpg_output)
-		gpg.err = -1;
-	args_gpg[3] = path;
-	if (start_command(&gpg)) {
-		unlink(path);
-		return error(_("could not run gpg."));
+
+	temp = mks_tempfile_t(".git_vtag_tmpXXXXXX");
+	if (!temp)
+		return error_errno(_("could not create temporary file"));
+	if (write_in_full(temp->fd, signature, signature_size) < 0 ||
+	    close_tempfile_gently(temp) < 0) {
+		error_errno(_("failed writing detached signature to '%s'"),
+			    temp->filename.buf);
+		delete_tempfile(&temp);
+		return -1;
 	}
 
-	write_in_full(gpg.in, payload, payload_size);
-	close(gpg.in);
+	fmt = get_format_by_sig(signature);
+	if (!fmt)
+		BUG("bad signature '%s'", signature);
 
-	if (gpg_output) {
-		strbuf_read(gpg_output, gpg.err, 0);
-		close(gpg.err);
-	}
-	if (gpg_status)
-		pbuf = gpg_status;
-	strbuf_read(pbuf, gpg.out, 0);
-	close(gpg.out);
+	argv_array_push(&gpg.args, fmt->program);
+	argv_array_pushv(&gpg.args, fmt->verify_args);
+	argv_array_pushl(&gpg.args,
+			 "--status-fd=1",
+			 "--verify", temp->filename.buf, "-",
+			 NULL);
 
-	ret = finish_command(&gpg);
+	if (!gpg_status)
+		gpg_status = &buf;
+
+	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+	ret = pipe_command(&gpg, payload, payload_size,
+			   gpg_status, 0, gpg_output, 0);
+	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
 
-	unlink_or_warn(path);
+	delete_tempfile(&temp);
 
-	ret |= !strstr(pbuf->buf, "\n[GNUPG:] GOODSIG ");
+	ret |= !strstr(gpg_status->buf, "\n[GNUPG:] GOODSIG ");
 	strbuf_release(&buf); /* no matter it was used or not */
 
 	return ret;
diff --git a/gpg-interface.h b/gpg-interface.h
index 87a4f2e3fa..acf50c4610 100644
--- a/gpg-interface.h
+++ b/gpg-interface.h
@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 #ifndef GPG_INTERFACE_H
 #define GPG_INTERFACE_H
 
+struct strbuf;
+
+#define GPG_VERIFY_VERBOSE		1
+#define GPG_VERIFY_RAW			2
+#define GPG_VERIFY_OMIT_STATUS	4
+
 struct signature_check {
 	char *payload;
 	char *gpg_output;
@@ -19,13 +25,41 @@ struct signature_check {
 	char *key;
 };
 
-extern void signature_check_clear(struct signature_check *sigc);
-extern size_t parse_signature(const char *buf, unsigned long size);
-extern void parse_gpg_output(struct signature_check *);
-extern int sign_buffer(struct strbuf *buffer, struct strbuf *signature, const char *signing_key);
-extern int verify_signed_buffer(const char *payload, size_t payload_size, const char *signature, size_t signature_size, struct strbuf *gpg_output, struct strbuf *gpg_status);
-extern int git_gpg_config(const char *, const char *, void *);
-extern void set_signing_key(const char *);
-extern const char *get_signing_key(void);
+void signature_check_clear(struct signature_check *sigc);
+
+/*
+ * Look at GPG signed content (e.g. a signed tag object), whose
+ * payload is followed by a detached signature on it.  Return the
+ * offset where the embedded detached signature begins, or the end of
+ * the data when there is no such signature.
+ */
+size_t parse_signature(const char *buf, size_t size);
+
+/*
+ * Create a detached signature for the contents of "buffer" and append
+ * it after "signature"; "buffer" and "signature" can be the same
+ * strbuf instance, which would cause the detached signature appended
+ * at the end.
+ */
+int sign_buffer(struct strbuf *buffer, struct strbuf *signature,
+		const char *signing_key);
+
+/*
+ * Run "gpg" to see if the payload matches the detached signature.
+ * gpg_output, when set, receives the diagnostic output from GPG.
+ * gpg_status, when set, receives the status output from GPG.
+ */
+int verify_signed_buffer(const char *payload, size_t payload_size,
+			 const char *signature, size_t signature_size,
+			 struct strbuf *gpg_output, struct strbuf *gpg_status);
+
+int git_gpg_config(const char *, const char *, void *);
+void set_signing_key(const char *);
+const char *get_signing_key(void);
+int check_signature(const char *payload, size_t plen,
+		    const char *signature, size_t slen,
+		    struct signature_check *sigc);
+void print_signature_buffer(const struct signature_check *sigc,
+			    unsigned flags);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/graph.c b/graph.c
index c25a09a8fd..e1f6d3bddb 100644
--- a/graph.c
+++ b/graph.c
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "color.h"
 #include "graph.h"
-#include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
 
 /* Internal API */
 
@@ -17,8 +18,8 @@
 static void graph_padding_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb);
 
 /*
- * Print a strbuf to stdout.  If the graph is non-NULL, all lines but the
- * first will be prefixed with the graph output.
+ * Print a strbuf.  If the graph is non-NULL, all lines but the first will be
+ * prefixed with the graph output.
  *
  * If the strbuf ends with a newline, the output will end after this
  * newline.  A new graph line will not be printed after the final newline.
@@ -28,8 +29,15 @@ static void graph_padding_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb);
  * responsible for printing this line's graph (perhaps via
  * graph_show_commit() or graph_show_oneline()) before calling
  * graph_show_strbuf().
+ *
+ * Note that unlike some other graph display functions, you must pass the file
+ * handle directly. It is assumed that this is the same file handle as the
+ * file specified by the graph diff options. This is necessary so that
+ * graph_show_strbuf can be called even with a NULL graph.
  */
-static void graph_show_strbuf(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf const *sb);
+static void graph_show_strbuf(struct git_graph *graph,
+			      FILE *file,
+			      struct strbuf const *sb);
 
 /*
  * TODO:
@@ -59,9 +67,40 @@ enum graph_state {
 	GRAPH_COLLAPSING
 };
 
+static void graph_show_line_prefix(const struct diff_options *diffopt)
+{
+	if (!diffopt || !diffopt->line_prefix)
+		return;
+
+	fwrite(diffopt->line_prefix,
+	       sizeof(char),
+	       diffopt->line_prefix_length,
+	       diffopt->file);
+}
+
 static const char **column_colors;
 static unsigned short column_colors_max;
 
+static void parse_graph_colors_config(struct argv_array *colors, const char *string)
+{
+	const char *end, *start;
+
+	start = string;
+	end = string + strlen(string);
+	while (start < end) {
+		const char *comma = strchrnul(start, ',');
+		char color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
+
+		if (!color_parse_mem(start, comma - start, color))
+			argv_array_push(colors, color);
+		else
+			warning(_("ignore invalid color '%.*s' in log.graphColors"),
+				(int)(comma - start), start);
+		start = comma + 1;
+	}
+	argv_array_push(colors, GIT_COLOR_RESET);
+}
+
 void graph_set_column_colors(const char **colors, unsigned short colors_max)
 {
 	column_colors = colors;
@@ -195,21 +234,48 @@ static struct strbuf *diff_output_prefix_callback(struct diff_options *opt, void
 	static struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	assert(opt);
-	assert(graph);
 
-	opt->output_prefix_length = graph->width;
 	strbuf_reset(&msgbuf);
-	graph_padding_line(graph, &msgbuf);
+	if (opt->line_prefix)
+		strbuf_add(&msgbuf, opt->line_prefix,
+			   opt->line_prefix_length);
+	if (graph)
+		graph_padding_line(graph, &msgbuf);
 	return &msgbuf;
 }
 
+static const struct diff_options *default_diffopt;
+
+void graph_setup_line_prefix(struct diff_options *diffopt)
+{
+	default_diffopt = diffopt;
+
+	/* setup an output prefix callback if necessary */
+	if (diffopt && !diffopt->output_prefix)
+		diffopt->output_prefix = diff_output_prefix_callback;
+}
+
+
 struct git_graph *graph_init(struct rev_info *opt)
 {
 	struct git_graph *graph = xmalloc(sizeof(struct git_graph));
 
-	if (!column_colors)
-		graph_set_column_colors(column_colors_ansi,
-					column_colors_ansi_max);
+	if (!column_colors) {
+		char *string;
+		if (git_config_get_string("log.graphcolors", &string)) {
+			/* not configured -- use default */
+			graph_set_column_colors(column_colors_ansi,
+						column_colors_ansi_max);
+		} else {
+			static struct argv_array custom_colors = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+			argv_array_clear(&custom_colors);
+			parse_graph_colors_config(&custom_colors, string);
+			free(string);
+			/* graph_set_column_colors takes a max-index, not a count */
+			graph_set_column_colors(custom_colors.argv,
+						custom_colors.argc - 1);
+		}
+	}
 
 	graph->commit = NULL;
 	graph->revs = opt;
@@ -234,12 +300,10 @@ struct git_graph *graph_init(struct rev_info *opt)
 	 * We'll automatically grow columns later if we need more room.
 	 */
 	graph->column_capacity = 30;
-	graph->columns = xmalloc(sizeof(struct column) *
-				 graph->column_capacity);
-	graph->new_columns = xmalloc(sizeof(struct column) *
-				     graph->column_capacity);
-	graph->mapping = xmalloc(sizeof(int) * 2 * graph->column_capacity);
-	graph->new_mapping = xmalloc(sizeof(int) * 2 * graph->column_capacity);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(graph->columns, graph->column_capacity);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(graph->new_columns, graph->column_capacity);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(graph->mapping, 2 * graph->column_capacity);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(graph->new_mapping, 2 * graph->column_capacity);
 
 	/*
 	 * The diff output prefix callback, with this we can make
@@ -247,7 +311,6 @@ struct git_graph *graph_init(struct rev_info *opt)
 	 */
 	opt->diffopt.output_prefix = diff_output_prefix_callback;
 	opt->diffopt.output_prefix_data = graph;
-	opt->diffopt.output_prefix_length = 0;
 
 	return graph;
 }
@@ -435,7 +498,6 @@ static void graph_update_width(struct git_graph *graph,
 static void graph_update_columns(struct git_graph *graph)
 {
 	struct commit_list *parent;
-	struct column *tmp_columns;
 	int max_new_columns;
 	int mapping_idx;
 	int i, seen_this, is_commit_in_columns;
@@ -448,11 +510,8 @@ static void graph_update_columns(struct git_graph *graph)
 	 * We'll re-use the old columns array as storage to compute the new
 	 * columns list for the commit after this one.
 	 */
-	tmp_columns = graph->columns;
-	graph->columns = graph->new_columns;
+	SWAP(graph->columns, graph->new_columns);
 	graph->num_columns = graph->num_new_columns;
-
-	graph->new_columns = tmp_columns;
 	graph->num_new_columns = 0;
 
 	/*
@@ -637,12 +696,8 @@ static void graph_pad_horizontally(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb,
 	 * This way, fields printed to the right of the graph will remain
 	 * aligned for the entire commit.
 	 */
-	int extra;
-	if (chars_written >= graph->width)
-		return;
-
-	extra = graph->width - chars_written;
-	strbuf_addf(sb, "%*s", (int) extra, "");
+	if (chars_written < graph->width)
+		strbuf_addchars(sb, ' ', graph->width - chars_written);
 }
 
 static void graph_output_padding_line(struct git_graph *graph,
@@ -671,6 +726,13 @@ static void graph_output_padding_line(struct git_graph *graph,
 	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb, graph->num_new_columns * 2);
 }
 
+
+int graph_width(struct git_graph *graph)
+{
+	return graph->width;
+}
+
+
 static void graph_output_skip_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 {
 	/*
@@ -721,7 +783,7 @@ static void graph_output_pre_commit_line(struct git_graph *graph,
 		if (col->commit == graph->commit) {
 			seen_this = 1;
 			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
-			strbuf_addf(sb, "%*s", graph->expansion_row, "");
+			strbuf_addchars(sb, ' ', graph->expansion_row);
 			chars_written += 1 + graph->expansion_row;
 		} else if (seen_this && (graph->expansion_row == 0)) {
 			/*
@@ -962,7 +1024,6 @@ static void graph_output_post_merge_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf
 static void graph_output_collapsing_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 {
 	int i;
-	int *tmp_mapping;
 	short used_horizontal = 0;
 	int horizontal_edge = -1;
 	int horizontal_edge_target = -1;
@@ -1097,9 +1158,7 @@ static void graph_output_collapsing_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf
 	/*
 	 * Swap mapping and new_mapping
 	 */
-	tmp_mapping = graph->mapping;
-	graph->mapping = graph->new_mapping;
-	graph->new_mapping = tmp_mapping;
+	SWAP(graph->mapping, graph->new_mapping);
 
 	/*
 	 * If graph->mapping indicates that all of the branch lines
@@ -1140,6 +1199,7 @@ int graph_next_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 static void graph_padding_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 {
 	int i;
+	int chars_written = 0;
 
 	if (graph->state != GRAPH_COMMIT) {
 		graph_next_line(graph, sb);
@@ -1155,14 +1215,21 @@ static void graph_padding_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < graph->num_columns; i++) {
 		struct column *col = &graph->columns[i];
+
 		strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
-		if (col->commit == graph->commit && graph->num_parents > 2)
-			strbuf_addchars(sb, ' ', (graph->num_parents - 2) * 2);
-		else
+		chars_written++;
+
+		if (col->commit == graph->commit && graph->num_parents > 2) {
+			int len = (graph->num_parents - 2) * 2;
+			strbuf_addchars(sb, ' ', len);
+			chars_written += len;
+		} else {
 			strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+			chars_written++;
+		}
 	}
 
-	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb, graph->num_columns);
+	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb, chars_written);
 
 	/*
 	 * Update graph->prev_state since we have output a padding line
@@ -1180,6 +1247,8 @@ void graph_show_commit(struct git_graph *graph)
 	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int shown_commit_line = 0;
 
+	graph_show_line_prefix(default_diffopt);
+
 	if (!graph)
 		return;
 
@@ -1195,9 +1264,12 @@ void graph_show_commit(struct git_graph *graph)
 
 	while (!shown_commit_line && !graph_is_commit_finished(graph)) {
 		shown_commit_line = graph_next_line(graph, &msgbuf);
-		fwrite(msgbuf.buf, sizeof(char), msgbuf.len, stdout);
-		if (!shown_commit_line)
-			putchar('\n');
+		fwrite(msgbuf.buf, sizeof(char), msgbuf.len,
+			graph->revs->diffopt.file);
+		if (!shown_commit_line) {
+			putc('\n', graph->revs->diffopt.file);
+			graph_show_line_prefix(&graph->revs->diffopt);
+		}
 		strbuf_setlen(&msgbuf, 0);
 	}
 
@@ -1208,11 +1280,13 @@ void graph_show_oneline(struct git_graph *graph)
 {
 	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
+	graph_show_line_prefix(default_diffopt);
+
 	if (!graph)
 		return;
 
 	graph_next_line(graph, &msgbuf);
-	fwrite(msgbuf.buf, sizeof(char), msgbuf.len, stdout);
+	fwrite(msgbuf.buf, sizeof(char), msgbuf.len, graph->revs->diffopt.file);
 	strbuf_release(&msgbuf);
 }
 
@@ -1220,11 +1294,13 @@ void graph_show_padding(struct git_graph *graph)
 {
 	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
+	graph_show_line_prefix(default_diffopt);
+
 	if (!graph)
 		return;
 
 	graph_padding_line(graph, &msgbuf);
-	fwrite(msgbuf.buf, sizeof(char), msgbuf.len, stdout);
+	fwrite(msgbuf.buf, sizeof(char), msgbuf.len, graph->revs->diffopt.file);
 	strbuf_release(&msgbuf);
 }
 
@@ -1233,6 +1309,8 @@ int graph_show_remainder(struct git_graph *graph)
 	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int shown = 0;
 
+	graph_show_line_prefix(default_diffopt);
+
 	if (!graph)
 		return 0;
 
@@ -1241,30 +1319,29 @@ int graph_show_remainder(struct git_graph *graph)
 
 	for (;;) {
 		graph_next_line(graph, &msgbuf);
-		fwrite(msgbuf.buf, sizeof(char), msgbuf.len, stdout);
+		fwrite(msgbuf.buf, sizeof(char), msgbuf.len,
+			graph->revs->diffopt.file);
 		strbuf_setlen(&msgbuf, 0);
 		shown = 1;
 
-		if (!graph_is_commit_finished(graph))
-			putchar('\n');
-		else
+		if (!graph_is_commit_finished(graph)) {
+			putc('\n', graph->revs->diffopt.file);
+			graph_show_line_prefix(&graph->revs->diffopt);
+		} else {
 			break;
+		}
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&msgbuf);
 
 	return shown;
 }
 
-
-static void graph_show_strbuf(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf const *sb)
+static void graph_show_strbuf(struct git_graph *graph,
+			      FILE *file,
+			      struct strbuf const *sb)
 {
 	char *p;
 
-	if (!graph) {
-		fwrite(sb->buf, sizeof(char), sb->len, stdout);
-		return;
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Print the strbuf line by line,
 	 * and display the graph info before each line but the first.
@@ -1279,7 +1356,7 @@ static void graph_show_strbuf(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf const *sb)
 		} else {
 			len = (sb->buf + sb->len) - p;
 		}
-		fwrite(p, sizeof(char), len, stdout);
+		fwrite(p, sizeof(char), len, file);
 		if (next_p && *next_p != '\0')
 			graph_show_oneline(graph);
 		p = next_p;
@@ -1287,28 +1364,20 @@ static void graph_show_strbuf(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf const *sb)
 }
 
 void graph_show_commit_msg(struct git_graph *graph,
+			   FILE *file,
 			   struct strbuf const *sb)
 {
 	int newline_terminated;
 
-	if (!graph) {
-		/*
-		 * If there's no graph, just print the message buffer.
-		 *
-		 * The message buffer for CMIT_FMT_ONELINE and
-		 * CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT are already missing a terminating
-		 * newline.  All of the other formats should have it.
-		 */
-		fwrite(sb->buf, sizeof(char), sb->len, stdout);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	newline_terminated = (sb->len && sb->buf[sb->len - 1] == '\n');
-
 	/*
 	 * Show the commit message
 	 */
-	graph_show_strbuf(graph, sb);
+	graph_show_strbuf(graph, file, sb);
+
+	if (!graph)
+		return;
+
+	newline_terminated = (sb->len && sb->buf[sb->len - 1] == '\n');
 
 	/*
 	 * If there is more output needed for this commit, show it now
@@ -1320,7 +1389,7 @@ void graph_show_commit_msg(struct git_graph *graph,
 		 * new line.
 		 */
 		if (!newline_terminated)
-			putchar('\n');
+			putc('\n', file);
 
 		graph_show_remainder(graph);
 
@@ -1328,6 +1397,6 @@ void graph_show_commit_msg(struct git_graph *graph,
 		 * If sb ends with a newline, our output should too.
 		 */
 		if (newline_terminated)
-			putchar('\n');
+			putc('\n', file);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/graph.h b/graph.h
index 0be62bd8b1..af623390b6 100644
--- a/graph.h
+++ b/graph.h
@@ -1,10 +1,23 @@
 #ifndef GRAPH_H
 #define GRAPH_H
+#include "diff.h"
 
 /* A graph is a pointer to this opaque structure */
 struct git_graph;
 
 /*
+ * Called to setup global display of line_prefix diff option.
+ *
+ * Passed a diff_options structure which indicates the line_prefix and the
+ * file to output the prefix to. This is sort of a hack used so that the
+ * line_prefix will be honored by all flows which also honor "--graph"
+ * regardless of whether a graph has actually been setup. The normal graph
+ * flow will honor the exact diff_options passed, but a NULL graph will cause
+ * display of a line_prefix to stdout.
+ */
+void graph_setup_line_prefix(struct diff_options *diffopt);
+
+/*
  * Set up a custom scheme for column colors.
  *
  * The default column color scheme inserts ANSI color escapes to colorize
@@ -68,6 +81,11 @@ int graph_next_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb);
 
 
 /*
+ * Return current width of the graph in on-screen characters.
+ */
+int graph_width(struct git_graph *graph);
+
+/*
  * graph_show_*: helper functions for printing to stdout
  */
 
@@ -108,7 +126,14 @@ int graph_show_remainder(struct git_graph *graph);
  * missing a terminating newline (including if it is empty), the output
  * printed by graph_show_commit_msg() will also be missing a terminating
  * newline.
+ *
+ * Note that unlike some other graph display functions, you must pass the file
+ * handle directly. It is assumed that this is the same file handle as the
+ * file specified by the graph diff options. This is necessary so that
+ * graph_show_commit_msg can be called even with a NULL graph.
  */
-void graph_show_commit_msg(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf const *sb);
+void graph_show_commit_msg(struct git_graph *graph,
+			   FILE *file,
+			   struct strbuf const *sb);
 
 #endif /* GRAPH_H */
diff --git a/grep.c b/grep.c
index b58c7c6434..2b26cee08d 100644
--- a/grep.c
+++ b/grep.c
@@ -1,15 +1,42 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "grep.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "userdiff.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "diffcore.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "help.h"
 
 static int grep_source_load(struct grep_source *gs);
 static int grep_source_is_binary(struct grep_source *gs);
 
 static struct grep_opt grep_defaults;
 
+static const char *color_grep_slots[] = {
+	[GREP_COLOR_CONTEXT]	    = "context",
+	[GREP_COLOR_FILENAME]	    = "filename",
+	[GREP_COLOR_FUNCTION]	    = "function",
+	[GREP_COLOR_LINENO]	    = "lineNumber",
+	[GREP_COLOR_COLUMNNO]	    = "column",
+	[GREP_COLOR_MATCH_CONTEXT]  = "matchContext",
+	[GREP_COLOR_MATCH_SELECTED] = "matchSelected",
+	[GREP_COLOR_SELECTED]	    = "selected",
+	[GREP_COLOR_SEP]	    = "separator",
+};
+
+static void std_output(struct grep_opt *opt, const void *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	fwrite(buf, size, 1, stdout);
+}
+
+static void color_set(char *dst, const char *color_bytes)
+{
+	xsnprintf(dst, COLOR_MAXLEN, "%s", color_bytes);
+}
+
 /*
  * Initialize the grep_defaults template with hardcoded defaults.
  * We could let the compiler do this, but without C99 initializers
@@ -27,19 +54,20 @@ void init_grep_defaults(void)
 	memset(opt, 0, sizeof(*opt));
 	opt->relative = 1;
 	opt->pathname = 1;
-	opt->regflags = REG_NEWLINE;
 	opt->max_depth = -1;
 	opt->pattern_type_option = GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED;
-	opt->extended_regexp_option = 0;
-	strcpy(opt->color_context, "");
-	strcpy(opt->color_filename, "");
-	strcpy(opt->color_function, "");
-	strcpy(opt->color_lineno, "");
-	strcpy(opt->color_match_context, GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED);
-	strcpy(opt->color_match_selected, GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED);
-	strcpy(opt->color_selected, "");
-	strcpy(opt->color_sep, GIT_COLOR_CYAN);
+	color_set(opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_CONTEXT], "");
+	color_set(opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_FILENAME], "");
+	color_set(opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_FUNCTION], "");
+	color_set(opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_LINENO], "");
+	color_set(opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_COLUMNNO], "");
+	color_set(opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_MATCH_CONTEXT], GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED);
+	color_set(opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_MATCH_SELECTED], GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED);
+	color_set(opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_SELECTED], "");
+	color_set(opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_SEP], GIT_COLOR_CYAN);
+	opt->only_matching = 0;
 	opt->color = -1;
+	opt->output = std_output;
 }
 
 static int parse_pattern_type_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg)
@@ -57,6 +85,8 @@ static int parse_pattern_type_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg)
 	die("bad %s argument: %s", opt, arg);
 }
 
+define_list_config_array_extra(color_grep_slots, {"match"});
+
 /*
  * Read the configuration file once and store it in
  * the grep_defaults template.
@@ -64,16 +94,13 @@ static int parse_pattern_type_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg)
 int grep_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	struct grep_opt *opt = &grep_defaults;
-	char *color = NULL;
+	const char *slot;
 
 	if (userdiff_config(var, value) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "grep.extendedregexp")) {
-		if (git_config_bool(var, value))
-			opt->extended_regexp_option = 1;
-		else
-			opt->extended_regexp_option = 0;
+		opt->extended_regexp_option = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -86,6 +113,10 @@ int grep_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		opt->linenum = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "grep.column")) {
+		opt->columnnum = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "grep.fullname")) {
 		opt->relative = !git_config_bool(var, value);
@@ -94,32 +125,18 @@ int grep_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep"))
 		opt->color = git_config_colorbool(var, value);
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.context"))
-		color = opt->color_context;
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.filename"))
-		color = opt->color_filename;
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.function"))
-		color = opt->color_function;
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.linenumber"))
-		color = opt->color_lineno;
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.matchcontext"))
-		color = opt->color_match_context;
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.matchselected"))
-		color = opt->color_match_selected;
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.selected"))
-		color = opt->color_selected;
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.separator"))
-		color = opt->color_sep;
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.match")) {
-		int rc = 0;
-		if (!value)
-			return config_error_nonbool(var);
-		rc |= color_parse(value, opt->color_match_context);
-		rc |= color_parse(value, opt->color_match_selected);
-		return rc;
-	}
-
-	if (color) {
+	if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.match")) {
+		if (grep_config("color.grep.matchcontext", value, cb) < 0)
+			return -1;
+		if (grep_config("color.grep.matchselected", value, cb) < 0)
+			return -1;
+	} else if (skip_prefix(var, "color.grep.", &slot)) {
+		int i = LOOKUP_CONFIG(color_grep_slots, slot);
+		char *color;
+
+		if (i < 0)
+			return -1;
+		color = opt->colors[i];
 		if (!value)
 			return config_error_nonbool(var);
 		return color_parse(value, color);
@@ -135,6 +152,7 @@ int grep_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 void grep_init(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct grep_opt *def = &grep_defaults;
+	int i;
 
 	memset(opt, 0, sizeof(*opt));
 	opt->prefix = prefix;
@@ -142,67 +160,87 @@ void grep_init(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *prefix)
 	opt->pattern_tail = &opt->pattern_list;
 	opt->header_tail = &opt->header_list;
 
+	opt->only_matching = def->only_matching;
 	opt->color = def->color;
 	opt->extended_regexp_option = def->extended_regexp_option;
 	opt->pattern_type_option = def->pattern_type_option;
 	opt->linenum = def->linenum;
+	opt->columnnum = def->columnnum;
 	opt->max_depth = def->max_depth;
 	opt->pathname = def->pathname;
-	opt->regflags = def->regflags;
 	opt->relative = def->relative;
+	opt->output = def->output;
 
-	strcpy(opt->color_context, def->color_context);
-	strcpy(opt->color_filename, def->color_filename);
-	strcpy(opt->color_function, def->color_function);
-	strcpy(opt->color_lineno, def->color_lineno);
-	strcpy(opt->color_match_context, def->color_match_context);
-	strcpy(opt->color_match_selected, def->color_match_selected);
-	strcpy(opt->color_selected, def->color_selected);
-	strcpy(opt->color_sep, def->color_sep);
+	for (i = 0; i < NR_GREP_COLORS; i++)
+		color_set(opt->colors[i], def->colors[i]);
 }
 
-void grep_commit_pattern_type(enum grep_pattern_type pattern_type, struct grep_opt *opt)
+static void grep_set_pattern_type_option(enum grep_pattern_type pattern_type, struct grep_opt *opt)
 {
-	if (pattern_type != GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED)
-		grep_set_pattern_type_option(pattern_type, opt);
-	else if (opt->pattern_type_option != GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED)
-		grep_set_pattern_type_option(opt->pattern_type_option, opt);
-	else if (opt->extended_regexp_option)
-		grep_set_pattern_type_option(GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_ERE, opt);
-}
+	/*
+	 * When committing to the pattern type by setting the relevant
+	 * fields in grep_opt it's generally not necessary to zero out
+	 * the fields we're not choosing, since they won't have been
+	 * set by anything. The extended_regexp_option field is the
+	 * only exception to this.
+	 *
+	 * This is because in the process of parsing grep.patternType
+	 * & grep.extendedRegexp we set opt->pattern_type_option and
+	 * opt->extended_regexp_option, respectively. We then
+	 * internally use opt->extended_regexp_option to see if we're
+	 * compiling an ERE. It must be unset if that's not actually
+	 * the case.
+	 */
+	if (pattern_type != GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_ERE &&
+	    opt->extended_regexp_option)
+		opt->extended_regexp_option = 0;
 
-void grep_set_pattern_type_option(enum grep_pattern_type pattern_type, struct grep_opt *opt)
-{
 	switch (pattern_type) {
 	case GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED:
 		/* fall through */
 
 	case GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_BRE:
-		opt->fixed = 0;
-		opt->pcre = 0;
-		opt->regflags &= ~REG_EXTENDED;
 		break;
 
 	case GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_ERE:
-		opt->fixed = 0;
-		opt->pcre = 0;
-		opt->regflags |= REG_EXTENDED;
+		opt->extended_regexp_option = 1;
 		break;
 
 	case GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_FIXED:
 		opt->fixed = 1;
-		opt->pcre = 0;
-		opt->regflags &= ~REG_EXTENDED;
 		break;
 
 	case GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_PCRE:
-		opt->fixed = 0;
-		opt->pcre = 1;
-		opt->regflags &= ~REG_EXTENDED;
+#ifdef USE_LIBPCRE2
+		opt->pcre2 = 1;
+#else
+		/*
+		 * It's important that pcre1 always be assigned to
+		 * even when there's no USE_LIBPCRE* defined. We still
+		 * call the PCRE stub function, it just dies with
+		 * "cannot use Perl-compatible regexes[...]".
+		 */
+		opt->pcre1 = 1;
+#endif
 		break;
 	}
 }
 
+void grep_commit_pattern_type(enum grep_pattern_type pattern_type, struct grep_opt *opt)
+{
+	if (pattern_type != GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED)
+		grep_set_pattern_type_option(pattern_type, opt);
+	else if (opt->pattern_type_option != GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED)
+		grep_set_pattern_type_option(opt->pattern_type_option, opt);
+	else if (opt->extended_regexp_option)
+		/*
+		 * This branch *must* happen after setting from the
+		 * opt->pattern_type_option above, we don't want
+		 * grep.extendedRegexp to override grep.patternType!
+		 */
+		grep_set_pattern_type_option(GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_ERE, opt);
+}
+
 static struct grep_pat *create_grep_pat(const char *pat, size_t patlen,
 					const char *origin, int no,
 					enum grep_pat_token t,
@@ -306,36 +344,78 @@ static NORETURN void compile_regexp_failed(const struct grep_pat *p,
 	char where[1024];
 
 	if (p->no)
-		sprintf(where, "In '%s' at %d, ", p->origin, p->no);
+		xsnprintf(where, sizeof(where), "In '%s' at %d, ", p->origin, p->no);
 	else if (p->origin)
-		sprintf(where, "%s, ", p->origin);
+		xsnprintf(where, sizeof(where), "%s, ", p->origin);
 	else
 		where[0] = 0;
 
 	die("%s'%s': %s", where, p->pattern, error);
 }
 
-#ifdef USE_LIBPCRE
-static void compile_pcre_regexp(struct grep_pat *p, const struct grep_opt *opt)
+static int is_fixed(const char *s, size_t len)
+{
+	size_t i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		if (is_regex_special(s[i]))
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int has_null(const char *s, size_t len)
+{
+	/*
+	 * regcomp cannot accept patterns with NULs so when using it
+	 * we consider any pattern containing a NUL fixed.
+	 */
+	if (memchr(s, 0, len))
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef USE_LIBPCRE1
+static void compile_pcre1_regexp(struct grep_pat *p, const struct grep_opt *opt)
 {
 	const char *error;
 	int erroffset;
 	int options = PCRE_MULTILINE;
 
-	if (opt->ignore_case)
+	if (opt->ignore_case) {
+		if (has_non_ascii(p->pattern))
+			p->pcre1_tables = pcre_maketables();
 		options |= PCRE_CASELESS;
+	}
+	if (is_utf8_locale() && has_non_ascii(p->pattern))
+		options |= PCRE_UTF8;
 
-	p->pcre_regexp = pcre_compile(p->pattern, options, &error, &erroffset,
-			NULL);
-	if (!p->pcre_regexp)
+	p->pcre1_regexp = pcre_compile(p->pattern, options, &error, &erroffset,
+				      p->pcre1_tables);
+	if (!p->pcre1_regexp)
 		compile_regexp_failed(p, error);
 
-	p->pcre_extra_info = pcre_study(p->pcre_regexp, 0, &error);
-	if (!p->pcre_extra_info && error)
+	p->pcre1_extra_info = pcre_study(p->pcre1_regexp, GIT_PCRE_STUDY_JIT_COMPILE, &error);
+	if (!p->pcre1_extra_info && error)
 		die("%s", error);
+
+#ifdef GIT_PCRE1_USE_JIT
+	pcre_config(PCRE_CONFIG_JIT, &p->pcre1_jit_on);
+	if (p->pcre1_jit_on == 1) {
+		p->pcre1_jit_stack = pcre_jit_stack_alloc(1, 1024 * 1024);
+		if (!p->pcre1_jit_stack)
+			die("Couldn't allocate PCRE JIT stack");
+		pcre_assign_jit_stack(p->pcre1_extra_info, NULL, p->pcre1_jit_stack);
+	} else if (p->pcre1_jit_on != 0) {
+		BUG("The pcre1_jit_on variable should be 0 or 1, not %d",
+		    p->pcre1_jit_on);
+	}
+#endif
 }
 
-static int pcrematch(struct grep_pat *p, const char *line, const char *eol,
+static int pcre1match(struct grep_pat *p, const char *line, const char *eol,
 		regmatch_t *match, int eflags)
 {
 	int ovector[30], ret, flags = 0;
@@ -343,8 +423,19 @@ static int pcrematch(struct grep_pat *p, const char *line, const char *eol,
 	if (eflags & REG_NOTBOL)
 		flags |= PCRE_NOTBOL;
 
-	ret = pcre_exec(p->pcre_regexp, p->pcre_extra_info, line, eol - line,
-			0, flags, ovector, ARRAY_SIZE(ovector));
+#ifdef GIT_PCRE1_USE_JIT
+	if (p->pcre1_jit_on) {
+		ret = pcre_jit_exec(p->pcre1_regexp, p->pcre1_extra_info, line,
+				    eol - line, 0, flags, ovector,
+				    ARRAY_SIZE(ovector), p->pcre1_jit_stack);
+	} else
+#endif
+	{
+		ret = pcre_exec(p->pcre1_regexp, p->pcre1_extra_info, line,
+				eol - line, 0, flags, ovector,
+				ARRAY_SIZE(ovector));
+	}
+
 	if (ret < 0 && ret != PCRE_ERROR_NOMATCH)
 		die("pcre_exec failed with error code %d", ret);
 	if (ret > 0) {
@@ -356,78 +447,264 @@ static int pcrematch(struct grep_pat *p, const char *line, const char *eol,
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static void free_pcre_regexp(struct grep_pat *p)
+static void free_pcre1_regexp(struct grep_pat *p)
 {
-	pcre_free(p->pcre_regexp);
-	pcre_free(p->pcre_extra_info);
+	pcre_free(p->pcre1_regexp);
+#ifdef GIT_PCRE1_USE_JIT
+	if (p->pcre1_jit_on) {
+		pcre_free_study(p->pcre1_extra_info);
+		pcre_jit_stack_free(p->pcre1_jit_stack);
+	} else
+#endif
+	{
+		pcre_free(p->pcre1_extra_info);
+	}
+	pcre_free((void *)p->pcre1_tables);
 }
-#else /* !USE_LIBPCRE */
-static void compile_pcre_regexp(struct grep_pat *p, const struct grep_opt *opt)
+#else /* !USE_LIBPCRE1 */
+static void compile_pcre1_regexp(struct grep_pat *p, const struct grep_opt *opt)
 {
 	die("cannot use Perl-compatible regexes when not compiled with USE_LIBPCRE");
 }
 
-static int pcrematch(struct grep_pat *p, const char *line, const char *eol,
+static int pcre1match(struct grep_pat *p, const char *line, const char *eol,
 		regmatch_t *match, int eflags)
 {
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static void free_pcre_regexp(struct grep_pat *p)
+static void free_pcre1_regexp(struct grep_pat *p)
 {
 }
-#endif /* !USE_LIBPCRE */
+#endif /* !USE_LIBPCRE1 */
 
-static int is_fixed(const char *s, size_t len)
+#ifdef USE_LIBPCRE2
+static void compile_pcre2_pattern(struct grep_pat *p, const struct grep_opt *opt)
 {
-	size_t i;
+	int error;
+	PCRE2_UCHAR errbuf[256];
+	PCRE2_SIZE erroffset;
+	int options = PCRE2_MULTILINE;
+	const uint8_t *character_tables = NULL;
+	int jitret;
+	int patinforet;
+	size_t jitsizearg;
 
-	/* regcomp cannot accept patterns with NULs so we
-	 * consider any pattern containing a NUL fixed.
-	 */
-	if (memchr(s, 0, len))
-		return 1;
+	assert(opt->pcre2);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-		if (is_regex_special(s[i]))
-			return 0;
+	p->pcre2_compile_context = NULL;
+
+	if (opt->ignore_case) {
+		if (has_non_ascii(p->pattern)) {
+			character_tables = pcre2_maketables(NULL);
+			p->pcre2_compile_context = pcre2_compile_context_create(NULL);
+			pcre2_set_character_tables(p->pcre2_compile_context, character_tables);
+		}
+		options |= PCRE2_CASELESS;
 	}
+	if (is_utf8_locale() && has_non_ascii(p->pattern))
+		options |= PCRE2_UTF;
+
+	p->pcre2_pattern = pcre2_compile((PCRE2_SPTR)p->pattern,
+					 p->patternlen, options, &error, &erroffset,
+					 p->pcre2_compile_context);
+
+	if (p->pcre2_pattern) {
+		p->pcre2_match_data = pcre2_match_data_create_from_pattern(p->pcre2_pattern, NULL);
+		if (!p->pcre2_match_data)
+			die("Couldn't allocate PCRE2 match data");
+	} else {
+		pcre2_get_error_message(error, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
+		compile_regexp_failed(p, (const char *)&errbuf);
+	}
+
+	pcre2_config(PCRE2_CONFIG_JIT, &p->pcre2_jit_on);
+	if (p->pcre2_jit_on == 1) {
+		jitret = pcre2_jit_compile(p->pcre2_pattern, PCRE2_JIT_COMPLETE);
+		if (jitret)
+			die("Couldn't JIT the PCRE2 pattern '%s', got '%d'\n", p->pattern, jitret);
+
+		/*
+		 * The pcre2_config(PCRE2_CONFIG_JIT, ...) call just
+		 * tells us whether the library itself supports JIT,
+		 * but to see whether we're going to be actually using
+		 * JIT we need to extract PCRE2_INFO_JITSIZE from the
+		 * pattern *after* we do pcre2_jit_compile() above.
+		 *
+		 * This is because if the pattern contains the
+		 * (*NO_JIT) verb (see pcre2syntax(3))
+		 * pcre2_jit_compile() will exit early with 0. If we
+		 * then proceed to call pcre2_jit_match() further down
+		 * the line instead of pcre2_match() we'll either
+		 * segfault (pre PCRE 10.31) or run into a fatal error
+		 * (post PCRE2 10.31)
+		 */
+		patinforet = pcre2_pattern_info(p->pcre2_pattern, PCRE2_INFO_JITSIZE, &jitsizearg);
+		if (patinforet)
+			BUG("pcre2_pattern_info() failed: %d", patinforet);
+		if (jitsizearg == 0) {
+			p->pcre2_jit_on = 0;
+			return;
+		}
+
+		p->pcre2_jit_stack = pcre2_jit_stack_create(1, 1024 * 1024, NULL);
+		if (!p->pcre2_jit_stack)
+			die("Couldn't allocate PCRE2 JIT stack");
+		p->pcre2_match_context = pcre2_match_context_create(NULL);
+		if (!p->pcre2_match_context)
+			die("Couldn't allocate PCRE2 match context");
+		pcre2_jit_stack_assign(p->pcre2_match_context, NULL, p->pcre2_jit_stack);
+	} else if (p->pcre2_jit_on != 0) {
+		BUG("The pcre2_jit_on variable should be 0 or 1, not %d",
+		    p->pcre1_jit_on);
+	}
+}
+
+static int pcre2match(struct grep_pat *p, const char *line, const char *eol,
+		regmatch_t *match, int eflags)
+{
+	int ret, flags = 0;
+	PCRE2_SIZE *ovector;
+	PCRE2_UCHAR errbuf[256];
+
+	if (eflags & REG_NOTBOL)
+		flags |= PCRE2_NOTBOL;
+
+	if (p->pcre2_jit_on)
+		ret = pcre2_jit_match(p->pcre2_pattern, (unsigned char *)line,
+				      eol - line, 0, flags, p->pcre2_match_data,
+				      NULL);
+	else
+		ret = pcre2_match(p->pcre2_pattern, (unsigned char *)line,
+				  eol - line, 0, flags, p->pcre2_match_data,
+				  NULL);
+
+	if (ret < 0 && ret != PCRE2_ERROR_NOMATCH) {
+		pcre2_get_error_message(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
+		die("%s failed with error code %d: %s",
+		    (p->pcre2_jit_on ? "pcre2_jit_match" : "pcre2_match"), ret,
+		    errbuf);
+	}
+	if (ret > 0) {
+		ovector = pcre2_get_ovector_pointer(p->pcre2_match_data);
+		ret = 0;
+		match->rm_so = (int)ovector[0];
+		match->rm_eo = (int)ovector[1];
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void free_pcre2_pattern(struct grep_pat *p)
+{
+	pcre2_compile_context_free(p->pcre2_compile_context);
+	pcre2_code_free(p->pcre2_pattern);
+	pcre2_match_data_free(p->pcre2_match_data);
+	pcre2_jit_stack_free(p->pcre2_jit_stack);
+	pcre2_match_context_free(p->pcre2_match_context);
+}
+#else /* !USE_LIBPCRE2 */
+static void compile_pcre2_pattern(struct grep_pat *p, const struct grep_opt *opt)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Unreachable until USE_LIBPCRE2 becomes synonymous with
+	 * USE_LIBPCRE. See the sibling comment in
+	 * grep_set_pattern_type_option().
+	 */
+	die("cannot use Perl-compatible regexes when not compiled with USE_LIBPCRE");
+}
 
+static int pcre2match(struct grep_pat *p, const char *line, const char *eol,
+		regmatch_t *match, int eflags)
+{
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static void free_pcre2_pattern(struct grep_pat *p)
+{
+}
+#endif /* !USE_LIBPCRE2 */
+
+static void compile_fixed_regexp(struct grep_pat *p, struct grep_opt *opt)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err;
+	int regflags = 0;
+
+	basic_regex_quote_buf(&sb, p->pattern);
+	if (opt->ignore_case)
+		regflags |= REG_ICASE;
+	err = regcomp(&p->regexp, sb.buf, regflags);
+	if (opt->debug)
+		fprintf(stderr, "fixed %s\n", sb.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	if (err) {
+		char errbuf[1024];
+		regerror(err, &p->regexp, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
+		compile_regexp_failed(p, errbuf);
+	}
+}
+
 static void compile_regexp(struct grep_pat *p, struct grep_opt *opt)
 {
+	int ascii_only;
 	int err;
+	int regflags = REG_NEWLINE;
 
 	p->word_regexp = opt->word_regexp;
 	p->ignore_case = opt->ignore_case;
+	ascii_only     = !has_non_ascii(p->pattern);
 
-	if (opt->fixed || is_fixed(p->pattern, p->patternlen))
-		p->fixed = 1;
-	else
-		p->fixed = 0;
+	/*
+	 * Even when -F (fixed) asks us to do a non-regexp search, we
+	 * may not be able to correctly case-fold when -i
+	 * (ignore-case) is asked (in which case, we'll synthesize a
+	 * regexp to match the pattern that matches regexp special
+	 * characters literally, while ignoring case differences).  On
+	 * the other hand, even without -F, if the pattern does not
+	 * have any regexp special characters and there is no need for
+	 * case-folding search, we can internally turn it into a
+	 * simple string match using kws.  p->fixed tells us if we
+	 * want to use kws.
+	 */
+	if (opt->fixed ||
+	    has_null(p->pattern, p->patternlen) ||
+	    is_fixed(p->pattern, p->patternlen))
+		p->fixed = !p->ignore_case || ascii_only;
 
 	if (p->fixed) {
-		if (opt->regflags & REG_ICASE || p->ignore_case)
-			p->kws = kwsalloc(tolower_trans_tbl);
-		else
-			p->kws = kwsalloc(NULL);
+		p->kws = kwsalloc(p->ignore_case ? tolower_trans_tbl : NULL);
 		kwsincr(p->kws, p->pattern, p->patternlen);
 		kwsprep(p->kws);
 		return;
+	} else if (opt->fixed) {
+		/*
+		 * We come here when the pattern has the non-ascii
+		 * characters we cannot case-fold, and asked to
+		 * ignore-case.
+		 */
+		compile_fixed_regexp(p, opt);
+		return;
 	}
 
-	if (opt->pcre) {
-		compile_pcre_regexp(p, opt);
+	if (opt->pcre2) {
+		compile_pcre2_pattern(p, opt);
 		return;
 	}
 
-	err = regcomp(&p->regexp, p->pattern, opt->regflags);
+	if (opt->pcre1) {
+		compile_pcre1_regexp(p, opt);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (p->ignore_case)
+		regflags |= REG_ICASE;
+	if (opt->extended_regexp_option)
+		regflags |= REG_EXTENDED;
+	err = regcomp(&p->regexp, p->pattern, regflags);
 	if (err) {
 		char errbuf[1024];
 		regerror(err, &p->regexp, errbuf, 1024);
-		regfree(&p->regexp);
 		compile_regexp_failed(p, errbuf);
 	}
 }
@@ -643,10 +920,10 @@ static struct grep_expr *prep_header_patterns(struct grep_opt *opt)
 
 	for (p = opt->header_list; p; p = p->next) {
 		if (p->token != GREP_PATTERN_HEAD)
-			die("bug: a non-header pattern in grep header list.");
+			BUG("a non-header pattern in grep header list.");
 		if (p->field < GREP_HEADER_FIELD_MIN ||
 		    GREP_HEADER_FIELD_MAX <= p->field)
-			die("bug: unknown header field %d", p->field);
+			BUG("unknown header field %d", p->field);
 		compile_regexp(p, opt);
 	}
 
@@ -659,7 +936,7 @@ static struct grep_expr *prep_header_patterns(struct grep_opt *opt)
 
 		h = compile_pattern_atom(&pp);
 		if (!h || pp != p->next)
-			die("bug: malformed header expr");
+			BUG("malformed header expr");
 		if (!header_group[p->field]) {
 			header_group[p->field] = h;
 			continue;
@@ -775,8 +1052,10 @@ void free_grep_patterns(struct grep_opt *opt)
 		case GREP_PATTERN_BODY:
 			if (p->kws)
 				kwsfree(p->kws);
-			else if (p->pcre_regexp)
-				free_pcre_regexp(p);
+			else if (p->pcre1_regexp)
+				free_pcre1_regexp(p);
+			else if (p->pcre2_pattern)
+				free_pcre2_pattern(p);
 			else
 				regfree(&p->regexp);
 			free(p->pattern);
@@ -824,12 +1103,12 @@ static void output_sep(struct grep_opt *opt, char sign)
 	if (opt->null_following_name)
 		opt->output(opt, "\0", 1);
 	else
-		output_color(opt, &sign, 1, opt->color_sep);
+		output_color(opt, &sign, 1, opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_SEP]);
 }
 
 static void show_name(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name)
 {
-	output_color(opt, name, strlen(name), opt->color_filename);
+	output_color(opt, name, strlen(name), opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_FILENAME]);
 	opt->output(opt, opt->null_following_name ? "\0" : "\n", 1);
 }
 
@@ -848,17 +1127,6 @@ static int fixmatch(struct grep_pat *p, char *line, char *eol,
 	}
 }
 
-static int regmatch(const regex_t *preg, char *line, char *eol,
-		    regmatch_t *match, int eflags)
-{
-#ifdef REG_STARTEND
-	match->rm_so = 0;
-	match->rm_eo = eol - line;
-	eflags |= REG_STARTEND;
-#endif
-	return regexec(preg, line, 1, match, eflags);
-}
-
 static int patmatch(struct grep_pat *p, char *line, char *eol,
 		    regmatch_t *match, int eflags)
 {
@@ -866,10 +1134,13 @@ static int patmatch(struct grep_pat *p, char *line, char *eol,
 
 	if (p->fixed)
 		hit = !fixmatch(p, line, eol, match);
-	else if (p->pcre_regexp)
-		hit = !pcrematch(p, line, eol, match, eflags);
+	else if (p->pcre1_regexp)
+		hit = !pcre1match(p, line, eol, match, eflags);
+	else if (p->pcre2_pattern)
+		hit = !pcre2match(p, line, eol, match, eflags);
 	else
-		hit = !regmatch(&p->regexp, line, eol, match, eflags);
+		hit = !regexec_buf(&p->regexp, line, eol - line, 1, match,
+				   eflags);
 
 	return hit;
 }
@@ -982,11 +1253,11 @@ static int match_one_pattern(struct grep_pat *p, char *bol, char *eol,
 	return hit;
 }
 
-static int match_expr_eval(struct grep_expr *x, char *bol, char *eol,
-			   enum grep_context ctx, int collect_hits)
+static int match_expr_eval(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_expr *x, char *bol,
+			   char *eol, enum grep_context ctx, ssize_t *col,
+			   ssize_t *icol, int collect_hits)
 {
 	int h = 0;
-	regmatch_t match;
 
 	if (!x)
 		die("Not a valid grep expression");
@@ -995,25 +1266,52 @@ static int match_expr_eval(struct grep_expr *x, char *bol, char *eol,
 		h = 1;
 		break;
 	case GREP_NODE_ATOM:
-		h = match_one_pattern(x->u.atom, bol, eol, ctx, &match, 0);
+		{
+			regmatch_t tmp;
+			h = match_one_pattern(x->u.atom, bol, eol, ctx,
+					      &tmp, 0);
+			if (h && (*col < 0 || tmp.rm_so < *col))
+				*col = tmp.rm_so;
+		}
 		break;
 	case GREP_NODE_NOT:
-		h = !match_expr_eval(x->u.unary, bol, eol, ctx, 0);
+		/*
+		 * Upon visiting a GREP_NODE_NOT, col and icol become swapped.
+		 */
+		h = !match_expr_eval(opt, x->u.unary, bol, eol, ctx, icol, col,
+				     0);
 		break;
 	case GREP_NODE_AND:
-		if (!match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.left, bol, eol, ctx, 0))
-			return 0;
-		h = match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.right, bol, eol, ctx, 0);
+		h = match_expr_eval(opt, x->u.binary.left, bol, eol, ctx, col,
+				    icol, 0);
+		if (h || opt->columnnum) {
+			/*
+			 * Don't short-circuit AND when given --column, since a
+			 * NOT earlier in the tree may turn this into an OR. In
+			 * this case, see the below comment.
+			 */
+			h &= match_expr_eval(opt, x->u.binary.right, bol, eol,
+					     ctx, col, icol, 0);
+		}
 		break;
 	case GREP_NODE_OR:
-		if (!collect_hits)
-			return (match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.left,
-						bol, eol, ctx, 0) ||
-				match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.right,
-						bol, eol, ctx, 0));
-		h = match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.left, bol, eol, ctx, 0);
-		x->u.binary.left->hit |= h;
-		h |= match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.right, bol, eol, ctx, 1);
+		if (!(collect_hits || opt->columnnum)) {
+			/*
+			 * Don't short-circuit OR when given --column (or
+			 * collecting hits) to ensure we don't skip a later
+			 * child that would produce an earlier match.
+			 */
+			return (match_expr_eval(opt, x->u.binary.left, bol, eol,
+						ctx, col, icol, 0) ||
+				match_expr_eval(opt, x->u.binary.right, bol,
+						eol, ctx, col, icol, 0));
+		}
+		h = match_expr_eval(opt, x->u.binary.left, bol, eol, ctx, col,
+				    icol, 0);
+		if (collect_hits)
+			x->u.binary.left->hit |= h;
+		h |= match_expr_eval(opt, x->u.binary.right, bol, eol, ctx, col,
+				     icol, collect_hits);
 		break;
 	default:
 		die("Unexpected node type (internal error) %d", x->node);
@@ -1024,27 +1322,43 @@ static int match_expr_eval(struct grep_expr *x, char *bol, char *eol,
 }
 
 static int match_expr(struct grep_opt *opt, char *bol, char *eol,
-		      enum grep_context ctx, int collect_hits)
+		      enum grep_context ctx, ssize_t *col,
+		      ssize_t *icol, int collect_hits)
 {
 	struct grep_expr *x = opt->pattern_expression;
-	return match_expr_eval(x, bol, eol, ctx, collect_hits);
+	return match_expr_eval(opt, x, bol, eol, ctx, col, icol, collect_hits);
 }
 
 static int match_line(struct grep_opt *opt, char *bol, char *eol,
+		      ssize_t *col, ssize_t *icol,
 		      enum grep_context ctx, int collect_hits)
 {
 	struct grep_pat *p;
-	regmatch_t match;
+	int hit = 0;
 
 	if (opt->extended)
-		return match_expr(opt, bol, eol, ctx, collect_hits);
+		return match_expr(opt, bol, eol, ctx, col, icol,
+				  collect_hits);
 
 	/* we do not call with collect_hits without being extended */
 	for (p = opt->pattern_list; p; p = p->next) {
-		if (match_one_pattern(p, bol, eol, ctx, &match, 0))
-			return 1;
+		regmatch_t tmp;
+		if (match_one_pattern(p, bol, eol, ctx, &tmp, 0)) {
+			hit |= 1;
+			if (!opt->columnnum) {
+				/*
+				 * Without --column, any single match on a line
+				 * is enough to know that it needs to be
+				 * printed. With --column, scan _all_ patterns
+				 * to find the earliest.
+				 */
+				break;
+			}
+			if (*col < 0 || tmp.rm_so < *col)
+				*col = tmp.rm_so;
+		}
 	}
-	return 0;
+	return hit;
 }
 
 static int match_next_pattern(struct grep_pat *p, char *bol, char *eol,
@@ -1092,11 +1406,44 @@ static int next_match(struct grep_opt *opt, char *bol, char *eol,
 	return hit;
 }
 
+static void show_line_header(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name,
+			     unsigned lno, ssize_t cno, char sign)
+{
+	if (opt->heading && opt->last_shown == 0) {
+		output_color(opt, name, strlen(name), opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_FILENAME]);
+		opt->output(opt, "\n", 1);
+	}
+	opt->last_shown = lno;
+
+	if (!opt->heading && opt->pathname) {
+		output_color(opt, name, strlen(name), opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_FILENAME]);
+		output_sep(opt, sign);
+	}
+	if (opt->linenum) {
+		char buf[32];
+		xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", lno);
+		output_color(opt, buf, strlen(buf), opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_LINENO]);
+		output_sep(opt, sign);
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Treat 'cno' as the 1-indexed offset from the start of a non-context
+	 * line to its first match. Otherwise, 'cno' is 0 indicating that we are
+	 * being called with a context line.
+	 */
+	if (opt->columnnum && cno) {
+		char buf[32];
+		xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%"PRIuMAX, (uintmax_t)cno);
+		output_color(opt, buf, strlen(buf), opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_COLUMNNO]);
+		output_sep(opt, sign);
+	}
+}
+
 static void show_line(struct grep_opt *opt, char *bol, char *eol,
-		      const char *name, unsigned lno, char sign)
+		      const char *name, unsigned lno, ssize_t cno, char sign)
 {
 	int rest = eol - bol;
-	const char *match_color, *line_color = NULL;
+	const char *match_color = NULL;
+	const char *line_color = NULL;
 
 	if (opt->file_break && opt->last_shown == 0) {
 		if (opt->show_hunk_mark)
@@ -1104,62 +1451,63 @@ static void show_line(struct grep_opt *opt, char *bol, char *eol,
 	} else if (opt->pre_context || opt->post_context || opt->funcbody) {
 		if (opt->last_shown == 0) {
 			if (opt->show_hunk_mark) {
-				output_color(opt, "--", 2, opt->color_sep);
+				output_color(opt, "--", 2, opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_SEP]);
 				opt->output(opt, "\n", 1);
 			}
 		} else if (lno > opt->last_shown + 1) {
-			output_color(opt, "--", 2, opt->color_sep);
+			output_color(opt, "--", 2, opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_SEP]);
 			opt->output(opt, "\n", 1);
 		}
 	}
-	if (opt->heading && opt->last_shown == 0) {
-		output_color(opt, name, strlen(name), opt->color_filename);
-		opt->output(opt, "\n", 1);
-	}
-	opt->last_shown = lno;
-
-	if (!opt->heading && opt->pathname) {
-		output_color(opt, name, strlen(name), opt->color_filename);
-		output_sep(opt, sign);
-	}
-	if (opt->linenum) {
-		char buf[32];
-		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", lno);
-		output_color(opt, buf, strlen(buf), opt->color_lineno);
-		output_sep(opt, sign);
+	if (!opt->only_matching) {
+		/*
+		 * In case the line we're being called with contains more than
+		 * one match, leave printing each header to the loop below.
+		 */
+		show_line_header(opt, name, lno, cno, sign);
 	}
-	if (opt->color) {
+	if (opt->color || opt->only_matching) {
 		regmatch_t match;
 		enum grep_context ctx = GREP_CONTEXT_BODY;
 		int ch = *eol;
 		int eflags = 0;
 
-		if (sign == ':')
-			match_color = opt->color_match_selected;
-		else
-			match_color = opt->color_match_context;
-		if (sign == ':')
-			line_color = opt->color_selected;
-		else if (sign == '-')
-			line_color = opt->color_context;
-		else if (sign == '=')
-			line_color = opt->color_function;
+		if (opt->color) {
+			if (sign == ':')
+				match_color = opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_MATCH_SELECTED];
+			else
+				match_color = opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_MATCH_CONTEXT];
+			if (sign == ':')
+				line_color = opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_SELECTED];
+			else if (sign == '-')
+				line_color = opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_CONTEXT];
+			else if (sign == '=')
+				line_color = opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_FUNCTION];
+		}
 		*eol = '\0';
 		while (next_match(opt, bol, eol, ctx, &match, eflags)) {
 			if (match.rm_so == match.rm_eo)
 				break;
 
-			output_color(opt, bol, match.rm_so, line_color);
+			if (opt->only_matching)
+				show_line_header(opt, name, lno, cno, sign);
+			else
+				output_color(opt, bol, match.rm_so, line_color);
 			output_color(opt, bol + match.rm_so,
 				     match.rm_eo - match.rm_so, match_color);
+			if (opt->only_matching)
+				opt->output(opt, "\n", 1);
 			bol += match.rm_eo;
+			cno += match.rm_eo;
 			rest -= match.rm_eo;
 			eflags = REG_NOTBOL;
 		}
 		*eol = ch;
 	}
-	output_color(opt, bol, rest, line_color);
-	opt->output(opt, "\n", 1);
+	if (!opt->only_matching) {
+		output_color(opt, bol, rest, line_color);
+		opt->output(opt, "\n", 1);
+	}
 }
 
 #ifndef NO_PTHREADS
@@ -1233,37 +1581,58 @@ static void show_funcname_line(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_source *gs,
 			break;
 
 		if (match_funcname(opt, gs, bol, eol)) {
-			show_line(opt, bol, eol, gs->name, lno, '=');
+			show_line(opt, bol, eol, gs->name, lno, 0, '=');
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 }
 
+static int is_empty_line(const char *bol, const char *eol);
+
 static void show_pre_context(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_source *gs,
 			     char *bol, char *end, unsigned lno)
 {
-	unsigned cur = lno, from = 1, funcname_lno = 0;
-	int funcname_needed = !!opt->funcname;
-
-	if (opt->funcbody && !match_funcname(opt, gs, bol, end))
-		funcname_needed = 2;
+	unsigned cur = lno, from = 1, funcname_lno = 0, orig_from;
+	int funcname_needed = !!opt->funcname, comment_needed = 0;
 
 	if (opt->pre_context < lno)
 		from = lno - opt->pre_context;
 	if (from <= opt->last_shown)
 		from = opt->last_shown + 1;
+	orig_from = from;
+	if (opt->funcbody) {
+		if (match_funcname(opt, gs, bol, end))
+			comment_needed = 1;
+		else
+			funcname_needed = 1;
+		from = opt->last_shown + 1;
+	}
 
 	/* Rewind. */
-	while (bol > gs->buf &&
-	       cur > (funcname_needed == 2 ? opt->last_shown + 1 : from)) {
+	while (bol > gs->buf && cur > from) {
+		char *next_bol = bol;
 		char *eol = --bol;
 
 		while (bol > gs->buf && bol[-1] != '\n')
 			bol--;
 		cur--;
+		if (comment_needed && (is_empty_line(bol, eol) ||
+				       match_funcname(opt, gs, bol, eol))) {
+			comment_needed = 0;
+			from = orig_from;
+			if (cur < from) {
+				cur++;
+				bol = next_bol;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
 		if (funcname_needed && match_funcname(opt, gs, bol, eol)) {
 			funcname_lno = cur;
 			funcname_needed = 0;
+			if (opt->funcbody)
+				comment_needed = 1;
+			else
+				from = orig_from;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1277,7 +1646,7 @@ static void show_pre_context(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_source *gs,
 
 		while (*eol != '\n')
 			eol++;
-		show_line(opt, bol, eol, gs->name, cur, sign);
+		show_line(opt, bol, eol, gs->name, cur, 0, sign);
 		bol = eol + 1;
 		cur++;
 	}
@@ -1339,11 +1708,6 @@ static int look_ahead(struct grep_opt *opt,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void std_output(struct grep_opt *opt, const void *buf, size_t size)
-{
-	fwrite(buf, size, 1, stdout);
-}
-
 static int fill_textconv_grep(struct userdiff_driver *driver,
 			      struct grep_source *gs)
 {
@@ -1361,14 +1725,14 @@ static int fill_textconv_grep(struct userdiff_driver *driver,
 	 */
 	df = alloc_filespec(gs->path);
 	switch (gs->type) {
-	case GREP_SOURCE_SHA1:
+	case GREP_SOURCE_OID:
 		fill_filespec(df, gs->identifier, 1, 0100644);
 		break;
 	case GREP_SOURCE_FILE:
-		fill_filespec(df, null_sha1, 0, 0100644);
+		fill_filespec(df, &null_oid, 0, 0100644);
 		break;
 	default:
-		die("BUG: attempt to textconv something without a path?");
+		BUG("attempt to textconv something without a path?");
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -1396,9 +1760,17 @@ static int fill_textconv_grep(struct userdiff_driver *driver,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int is_empty_line(const char *bol, const char *eol)
+{
+	while (bol < eol && isspace(*bol))
+		bol++;
+	return bol == eol;
+}
+
 static int grep_source_1(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_source *gs, int collect_hits)
 {
 	char *bol;
+	char *peek_bol = NULL;
 	unsigned long left;
 	unsigned lno = 1;
 	unsigned last_hit = 0;
@@ -1456,7 +1828,7 @@ static int grep_source_1(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_source *gs, int colle
 		case GREP_BINARY_TEXT:
 			break;
 		default:
-			die("bug: unknown binary handling mode");
+			BUG("unknown binary handling mode");
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1473,6 +1845,8 @@ static int grep_source_1(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_source *gs, int colle
 	while (left) {
 		char *eol, ch;
 		int hit;
+		ssize_t cno;
+		ssize_t col = -1, icol = -1;
 
 		/*
 		 * look_ahead() skips quickly to the line that possibly
@@ -1496,7 +1870,7 @@ static int grep_source_1(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_source *gs, int colle
 		if ((ctx == GREP_CONTEXT_HEAD) && (eol == bol))
 			ctx = GREP_CONTEXT_BODY;
 
-		hit = match_line(opt, bol, eol, ctx, collect_hits);
+		hit = match_line(opt, bol, eol, &col, &icol, ctx, collect_hits);
 		*eol = ch;
 
 		if (collect_hits)
@@ -1526,7 +1900,7 @@ static int grep_source_1(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_source *gs, int colle
 			if (binary_match_only) {
 				opt->output(opt, "Binary file ", 12);
 				output_color(opt, gs->name, strlen(gs->name),
-					     opt->color_filename);
+					     opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_FILENAME]);
 				opt->output(opt, " matches\n", 9);
 				return 1;
 			}
@@ -1537,20 +1911,47 @@ static int grep_source_1(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_source *gs, int colle
 				show_pre_context(opt, gs, bol, eol, lno);
 			else if (opt->funcname)
 				show_funcname_line(opt, gs, bol, lno);
-			show_line(opt, bol, eol, gs->name, lno, ':');
+			cno = opt->invert ? icol : col;
+			if (cno < 0) {
+				/*
+				 * A negative cno indicates that there was no
+				 * match on the line. We are thus inverted and
+				 * being asked to show all lines that _don't_
+				 * match a given expression. Therefore, set cno
+				 * to 0 to suggest the whole line matches.
+				 */
+				cno = 0;
+			}
+			show_line(opt, bol, eol, gs->name, lno, cno + 1, ':');
 			last_hit = lno;
 			if (opt->funcbody)
 				show_function = 1;
 			goto next_line;
 		}
-		if (show_function && match_funcname(opt, gs, bol, eol))
-			show_function = 0;
+		if (show_function && (!peek_bol || peek_bol < bol)) {
+			unsigned long peek_left = left;
+			char *peek_eol = eol;
+
+			/*
+			 * Trailing empty lines are not interesting.
+			 * Peek past them to see if they belong to the
+			 * body of the current function.
+			 */
+			peek_bol = bol;
+			while (is_empty_line(peek_bol, peek_eol)) {
+				peek_bol = peek_eol + 1;
+				peek_eol = end_of_line(peek_bol, &peek_left);
+			}
+
+			if (match_funcname(opt, gs, peek_bol, peek_eol))
+				show_function = 0;
+		}
 		if (show_function ||
 		    (last_hit && lno <= last_hit + opt->post_context)) {
 			/* If the last hit is within the post context,
 			 * we need to show this line.
 			 */
-			show_line(opt, bol, eol, gs->name, lno, '-');
+			show_line(opt, bol, eol, gs->name, lno, col + 1, '-');
 		}
 
 	next_line:
@@ -1565,7 +1966,7 @@ static int grep_source_1(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_source *gs, int colle
 		return 0;
 
 	if (opt->status_only)
-		return 0;
+		return opt->unmatch_name_only;
 	if (opt->unmatch_name_only) {
 		/* We did not see any hit, so we want to show this */
 		show_name(opt, gs->name);
@@ -1584,10 +1985,10 @@ static int grep_source_1(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_source *gs, int colle
 		char buf[32];
 		if (opt->pathname) {
 			output_color(opt, gs->name, strlen(gs->name),
-				     opt->color_filename);
+				     opt->colors[GREP_COLOR_FILENAME]);
 			output_sep(opt, ':');
 		}
-		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u\n", count);
+		xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u\n", count);
 		opt->output(opt, buf, strlen(buf));
 		return 1;
 	}
@@ -1671,23 +2072,20 @@ void grep_source_init(struct grep_source *gs, enum grep_source_type type,
 	case GREP_SOURCE_FILE:
 		gs->identifier = xstrdup(identifier);
 		break;
-	case GREP_SOURCE_SHA1:
-		gs->identifier = xmalloc(20);
-		hashcpy(gs->identifier, identifier);
+	case GREP_SOURCE_OID:
+		gs->identifier = oiddup(identifier);
 		break;
 	case GREP_SOURCE_BUF:
 		gs->identifier = NULL;
+		break;
 	}
 }
 
 void grep_source_clear(struct grep_source *gs)
 {
-	free(gs->name);
-	gs->name = NULL;
-	free(gs->path);
-	gs->path = NULL;
-	free(gs->identifier);
-	gs->identifier = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(gs->name);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(gs->path);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(gs->identifier);
 	grep_source_clear_data(gs);
 }
 
@@ -1695,9 +2093,8 @@ void grep_source_clear_data(struct grep_source *gs)
 {
 	switch (gs->type) {
 	case GREP_SOURCE_FILE:
-	case GREP_SOURCE_SHA1:
-		free(gs->buf);
-		gs->buf = NULL;
+	case GREP_SOURCE_OID:
+		FREE_AND_NULL(gs->buf);
 		gs->size = 0;
 		break;
 	case GREP_SOURCE_BUF:
@@ -1706,18 +2103,18 @@ void grep_source_clear_data(struct grep_source *gs)
 	}
 }
 
-static int grep_source_load_sha1(struct grep_source *gs)
+static int grep_source_load_oid(struct grep_source *gs)
 {
 	enum object_type type;
 
 	grep_read_lock();
-	gs->buf = read_sha1_file(gs->identifier, &type, &gs->size);
+	gs->buf = read_object_file(gs->identifier, &type, &gs->size);
 	grep_read_unlock();
 
 	if (!gs->buf)
 		return error(_("'%s': unable to read %s"),
 			     gs->name,
-			     sha1_to_hex(gs->identifier));
+			     oid_to_hex(gs->identifier));
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1732,7 +2129,7 @@ static int grep_source_load_file(struct grep_source *gs)
 	if (lstat(filename, &st) < 0) {
 	err_ret:
 		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			error(_("'%s': %s"), filename, strerror(errno));
+			error_errno(_("failed to stat '%s'"), filename);
 		return -1;
 	}
 	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
@@ -1741,15 +2138,14 @@ static int grep_source_load_file(struct grep_source *gs)
 	i = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
 	if (i < 0)
 		goto err_ret;
-	data = xmalloc(size + 1);
+	data = xmallocz(size);
 	if (st.st_size != read_in_full(i, data, size)) {
-		error(_("'%s': short read %s"), filename, strerror(errno));
+		error_errno(_("'%s': short read"), filename);
 		close(i);
 		free(data);
 		return -1;
 	}
 	close(i);
-	data[size] = 0;
 
 	gs->buf = data;
 	gs->size = size;
@@ -1764,12 +2160,12 @@ static int grep_source_load(struct grep_source *gs)
 	switch (gs->type) {
 	case GREP_SOURCE_FILE:
 		return grep_source_load_file(gs);
-	case GREP_SOURCE_SHA1:
-		return grep_source_load_sha1(gs);
+	case GREP_SOURCE_OID:
+		return grep_source_load_oid(gs);
 	case GREP_SOURCE_BUF:
 		return gs->buf ? 0 : -1;
 	}
-	die("BUG: invalid grep_source type");
+	BUG("invalid grep_source type to load");
 }
 
 void grep_source_load_driver(struct grep_source *gs)
diff --git a/grep.h b/grep.h
index 95f197a8d9..0ba62a11c5 100644
--- a/grep.h
+++ b/grep.h
@@ -1,11 +1,36 @@
 #ifndef GREP_H
 #define GREP_H
 #include "color.h"
-#ifdef USE_LIBPCRE
+#ifdef USE_LIBPCRE1
 #include <pcre.h>
+#ifdef PCRE_CONFIG_JIT
+#if PCRE_MAJOR >= 8 && PCRE_MINOR >= 32
+#ifndef NO_LIBPCRE1_JIT
+#define GIT_PCRE1_USE_JIT
+#define GIT_PCRE_STUDY_JIT_COMPILE PCRE_STUDY_JIT_COMPILE
+#endif
+#endif
+#endif
+#ifndef GIT_PCRE_STUDY_JIT_COMPILE
+#define GIT_PCRE_STUDY_JIT_COMPILE 0
+#endif
+#if PCRE_MAJOR <= 8 && PCRE_MINOR < 20
+typedef int pcre_jit_stack;
+#endif
 #else
 typedef int pcre;
 typedef int pcre_extra;
+typedef int pcre_jit_stack;
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_LIBPCRE2
+#define PCRE2_CODE_UNIT_WIDTH 8
+#include <pcre2.h>
+#else
+typedef int pcre2_code;
+typedef int pcre2_match_data;
+typedef int pcre2_compile_context;
+typedef int pcre2_match_context;
+typedef int pcre2_jit_stack;
 #endif
 #include "kwset.h"
 #include "thread-utils.h"
@@ -37,6 +62,19 @@ enum grep_header_field {
 	GREP_HEADER_FIELD_MAX
 };
 
+enum grep_color {
+	GREP_COLOR_CONTEXT,
+	GREP_COLOR_FILENAME,
+	GREP_COLOR_FUNCTION,
+	GREP_COLOR_LINENO,
+	GREP_COLOR_COLUMNNO,
+	GREP_COLOR_MATCH_CONTEXT,
+	GREP_COLOR_MATCH_SELECTED,
+	GREP_COLOR_SELECTED,
+	GREP_COLOR_SEP,
+	NR_GREP_COLORS
+};
+
 struct grep_pat {
 	struct grep_pat *next;
 	const char *origin;
@@ -46,8 +84,17 @@ struct grep_pat {
 	size_t patternlen;
 	enum grep_header_field field;
 	regex_t regexp;
-	pcre *pcre_regexp;
-	pcre_extra *pcre_extra_info;
+	pcre *pcre1_regexp;
+	pcre_extra *pcre1_extra_info;
+	pcre_jit_stack *pcre1_jit_stack;
+	const unsigned char *pcre1_tables;
+	int pcre1_jit_on;
+	pcre2_code *pcre2_pattern;
+	pcre2_match_data *pcre2_match_data;
+	pcre2_compile_context *pcre2_compile_context;
+	pcre2_match_context *pcre2_match_context;
+	pcre2_jit_stack *pcre2_jit_stack;
+	uint32_t pcre2_jit_on;
 	kwset_t kws;
 	unsigned fixed:1;
 	unsigned ignore_case:1;
@@ -93,6 +140,7 @@ struct grep_opt {
 	int prefix_length;
 	regex_t regexp;
 	int linenum;
+	int columnnum;
 	int invert;
 	int ignore_case;
 	int status_only;
@@ -110,25 +158,19 @@ struct grep_opt {
 	int allow_textconv;
 	int extended;
 	int use_reflog_filter;
-	int pcre;
+	int pcre1;
+	int pcre2;
 	int relative;
 	int pathname;
 	int null_following_name;
+	int only_matching;
 	int color;
 	int max_depth;
 	int funcname;
 	int funcbody;
 	int extended_regexp_option;
 	int pattern_type_option;
-	char color_context[COLOR_MAXLEN];
-	char color_filename[COLOR_MAXLEN];
-	char color_function[COLOR_MAXLEN];
-	char color_lineno[COLOR_MAXLEN];
-	char color_match_context[COLOR_MAXLEN];
-	char color_match_selected[COLOR_MAXLEN];
-	char color_selected[COLOR_MAXLEN];
-	char color_sep[COLOR_MAXLEN];
-	int regflags;
+	char colors[NR_GREP_COLORS][COLOR_MAXLEN];
 	unsigned pre_context;
 	unsigned post_context;
 	unsigned last_shown;
@@ -144,7 +186,6 @@ struct grep_opt {
 extern void init_grep_defaults(void);
 extern int grep_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *);
 extern void grep_init(struct grep_opt *, const char *prefix);
-void grep_set_pattern_type_option(enum grep_pattern_type, struct grep_opt *opt);
 void grep_commit_pattern_type(enum grep_pattern_type, struct grep_opt *opt);
 
 extern void append_grep_pat(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *pat, size_t patlen, const char *origin, int no, enum grep_pat_token t);
@@ -158,7 +199,7 @@ struct grep_source {
 	char *name;
 
 	enum grep_source_type {
-		GREP_SOURCE_SHA1,
+		GREP_SOURCE_OID,
 		GREP_SOURCE_FILE,
 		GREP_SOURCE_BUF,
 	} type;
diff --git a/hash.h b/hash.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7c8238bc2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hash.h
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+#ifndef HASH_H
+#define HASH_H
+
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+
+#if defined(SHA1_PPC)
+#include "ppc/sha1.h"
+#elif defined(SHA1_APPLE)
+#include <CommonCrypto/CommonDigest.h>
+#elif defined(SHA1_OPENSSL)
+#include <openssl/sha.h>
+#elif defined(SHA1_DC)
+#include "sha1dc_git.h"
+#else /* SHA1_BLK */
+#include "block-sha1/sha1.h"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef platform_SHA_CTX
+/*
+ * platform's underlying implementation of SHA-1; could be OpenSSL,
+ * blk_SHA, Apple CommonCrypto, etc...  Note that the relevant
+ * SHA-1 header may have already defined platform_SHA_CTX for our
+ * own implementations like block-sha1 and ppc-sha1, so we list
+ * the default for OpenSSL compatible SHA-1 implementations here.
+ */
+#define platform_SHA_CTX	SHA_CTX
+#define platform_SHA1_Init	SHA1_Init
+#define platform_SHA1_Update	SHA1_Update
+#define platform_SHA1_Final    	SHA1_Final
+#endif
+
+#define git_SHA_CTX		platform_SHA_CTX
+#define git_SHA1_Init		platform_SHA1_Init
+#define git_SHA1_Update		platform_SHA1_Update
+#define git_SHA1_Final		platform_SHA1_Final
+
+#ifdef SHA1_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE
+#include "compat/sha1-chunked.h"
+#undef git_SHA1_Update
+#define git_SHA1_Update		git_SHA1_Update_Chunked
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Note that these constants are suitable for indexing the hash_algos array and
+ * comparing against each other, but are otherwise arbitrary, so they should not
+ * be exposed to the user or serialized to disk.  To know whether a
+ * git_hash_algo struct points to some usable hash function, test the format_id
+ * field for being non-zero.  Use the name field for user-visible situations and
+ * the format_id field for fixed-length fields on disk.
+ */
+/* An unknown hash function. */
+#define GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN 0
+/* SHA-1 */
+#define GIT_HASH_SHA1 1
+/* Number of algorithms supported (including unknown). */
+#define GIT_HASH_NALGOS (GIT_HASH_SHA1 + 1)
+
+/* A suitably aligned type for stack allocations of hash contexts. */
+union git_hash_ctx {
+	git_SHA_CTX sha1;
+};
+typedef union git_hash_ctx git_hash_ctx;
+
+typedef void (*git_hash_init_fn)(git_hash_ctx *ctx);
+typedef void (*git_hash_update_fn)(git_hash_ctx *ctx, const void *in, size_t len);
+typedef void (*git_hash_final_fn)(unsigned char *hash, git_hash_ctx *ctx);
+
+struct git_hash_algo {
+	/*
+	 * The name of the algorithm, as appears in the config file and in
+	 * messages.
+	 */
+	const char *name;
+
+	/* A four-byte version identifier, used in pack indices. */
+	uint32_t format_id;
+
+	/* The length of the hash in binary. */
+	size_t rawsz;
+
+	/* The length of the hash in hex characters. */
+	size_t hexsz;
+
+	/* The hash initialization function. */
+	git_hash_init_fn init_fn;
+
+	/* The hash update function. */
+	git_hash_update_fn update_fn;
+
+	/* The hash finalization function. */
+	git_hash_final_fn final_fn;
+
+	/* The OID of the empty tree. */
+	const struct object_id *empty_tree;
+
+	/* The OID of the empty blob. */
+	const struct object_id *empty_blob;
+};
+extern const struct git_hash_algo hash_algos[GIT_HASH_NALGOS];
+
+#endif
diff --git a/hashmap.c b/hashmap.c
index f693839cb4..d42f01ff5a 100644
--- a/hashmap.c
+++ b/hashmap.c
@@ -50,6 +50,23 @@ unsigned int memihash(const void *buf, size_t len)
 	return hash;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Incoporate another chunk of data into a memihash
+ * computation.
+ */
+unsigned int memihash_cont(unsigned int hash_seed, const void *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	unsigned int hash = hash_seed;
+	unsigned char *ucbuf = (unsigned char *) buf;
+	while (len--) {
+		unsigned int c = *ucbuf++;
+		if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')
+			c -= 'a' - 'A';
+		hash = (hash * FNV32_PRIME) ^ c;
+	}
+	return hash;
+}
+
 #define HASHMAP_INITIAL_SIZE 64
 /* grow / shrink by 2^2 */
 #define HASHMAP_RESIZE_BITS 2
@@ -78,7 +95,9 @@ static inline int entry_equals(const struct hashmap *map,
 		const struct hashmap_entry *e1, const struct hashmap_entry *e2,
 		const void *keydata)
 {
-	return (e1 == e2) || (e1->hash == e2->hash && !map->cmpfn(e1, e2, keydata));
+	return (e1 == e2) ||
+	       (e1->hash == e2->hash &&
+		!map->cmpfn(map->cmpfn_data, e1, e2, keydata));
 }
 
 static inline unsigned int bucket(const struct hashmap *map,
@@ -87,6 +106,11 @@ static inline unsigned int bucket(const struct hashmap *map,
 	return key->hash & (map->tablesize - 1);
 }
 
+int hashmap_bucket(const struct hashmap *map, unsigned int hash)
+{
+	return hash & (map->tablesize - 1);
+}
+
 static void rehash(struct hashmap *map, unsigned int newsize)
 {
 	unsigned int i, oldsize = map->tablesize;
@@ -115,17 +139,23 @@ static inline struct hashmap_entry **find_entry_ptr(const struct hashmap *map,
 	return e;
 }
 
-static int always_equal(const void *unused1, const void *unused2, const void *unused3)
+static int always_equal(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+			const void *unused1,
+			const void *unused2,
+			const void *unused_keydata)
 {
 	return 0;
 }
 
 void hashmap_init(struct hashmap *map, hashmap_cmp_fn equals_function,
-		size_t initial_size)
+		const void *cmpfn_data, size_t initial_size)
 {
 	unsigned int size = HASHMAP_INITIAL_SIZE;
-	map->size = 0;
+
+	memset(map, 0, sizeof(*map));
+
 	map->cmpfn = equals_function ? equals_function : always_equal;
+	map->cmpfn_data = cmpfn_data;
 
 	/* calculate initial table size and allocate the table */
 	initial_size = (unsigned int) ((uint64_t) initial_size * 100
@@ -133,6 +163,12 @@ void hashmap_init(struct hashmap *map, hashmap_cmp_fn equals_function,
 	while (initial_size > size)
 		size <<= HASHMAP_RESIZE_BITS;
 	alloc_table(map, size);
+
+	/*
+	 * Keep track of the number of items in the map and
+	 * allow the map to automatically grow as necessary.
+	 */
+	map->do_count_items = 1;
 }
 
 void hashmap_free(struct hashmap *map, int free_entries)
@@ -173,9 +209,11 @@ void hashmap_add(struct hashmap *map, void *entry)
 	map->table[b] = entry;
 
 	/* fix size and rehash if appropriate */
-	map->size++;
-	if (map->size > map->grow_at)
-		rehash(map, map->tablesize << HASHMAP_RESIZE_BITS);
+	if (map->do_count_items) {
+		map->private_size++;
+		if (map->private_size > map->grow_at)
+			rehash(map, map->tablesize << HASHMAP_RESIZE_BITS);
+	}
 }
 
 void *hashmap_remove(struct hashmap *map, const void *key, const void *keydata)
@@ -191,9 +229,12 @@ void *hashmap_remove(struct hashmap *map, const void *key, const void *keydata)
 	old->next = NULL;
 
 	/* fix size and rehash if appropriate */
-	map->size--;
-	if (map->size < map->shrink_at)
-		rehash(map, map->tablesize >> HASHMAP_RESIZE_BITS);
+	if (map->do_count_items) {
+		map->private_size--;
+		if (map->private_size < map->shrink_at)
+			rehash(map, map->tablesize >> HASHMAP_RESIZE_BITS);
+	}
+
 	return old;
 }
 
@@ -233,7 +274,8 @@ struct pool_entry {
 	unsigned char data[FLEX_ARRAY];
 };
 
-static int pool_entry_cmp(const struct pool_entry *e1,
+static int pool_entry_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+			  const struct pool_entry *e1,
 			  const struct pool_entry *e2,
 			  const unsigned char *keydata)
 {
@@ -248,7 +290,7 @@ const void *memintern(const void *data, size_t len)
 
 	/* initialize string pool hashmap */
 	if (!map.tablesize)
-		hashmap_init(&map, (hashmap_cmp_fn) pool_entry_cmp, 0);
+		hashmap_init(&map, (hashmap_cmp_fn) pool_entry_cmp, NULL, 0);
 
 	/* lookup interned string in pool */
 	hashmap_entry_init(&key, memhash(data, len));
@@ -256,10 +298,9 @@ const void *memintern(const void *data, size_t len)
 	e = hashmap_get(&map, &key, data);
 	if (!e) {
 		/* not found: create it */
-		e = xmallocz(sizeof(struct pool_entry) + len);
+		FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(e, data, data, len);
 		hashmap_entry_init(e, key.ent.hash);
 		e->len = len;
-		memcpy(e->data, data, len);
 		hashmap_add(&map, e);
 	}
 	return e->data;
diff --git a/hashmap.h b/hashmap.h
index ab7958ae33..d375d9cce7 100644
--- a/hashmap.h
+++ b/hashmap.h
@@ -3,16 +3,121 @@
 
 /*
  * Generic implementation of hash-based key-value mappings.
- * See Documentation/technical/api-hashmap.txt.
+ *
+ * An example that maps long to a string:
+ * For the sake of the example this allows to lookup exact values, too
+ * (i.e. it is operated as a set, the value is part of the key)
+ * -------------------------------------
+ *
+ * struct hashmap map;
+ * struct long2string {
+ *     struct hashmap_entry ent; // must be the first member!
+ *     long key;
+ *     char value[FLEX_ARRAY];   // be careful with allocating on stack!
+ * };
+ *
+ * #define COMPARE_VALUE 1
+ *
+ * static int long2string_cmp(const void *hashmap_cmp_fn_data,
+ *                            const struct long2string *e1,
+ *                            const struct long2string *e2,
+ *                            const void *keydata)
+ * {
+ *     const char *string = keydata;
+ *     unsigned flags = *(unsigned *)hashmap_cmp_fn_data;
+ *
+ *     if (flags & COMPARE_VALUE)
+ *         return e1->key != e2->key ||
+ *                  strcmp(e1->value, string ? string : e2->value);
+ *     else
+ *         return e1->key != e2->key;
+ * }
+ *
+ * int main(int argc, char **argv)
+ * {
+ *     long key;
+ *     char value[255], action[32];
+ *     unsigned flags = 0;
+ *
+ *     hashmap_init(&map, (hashmap_cmp_fn) long2string_cmp, &flags, 0);
+ *
+ *     while (scanf("%s %ld %s", action, &key, value)) {
+ *
+ *         if (!strcmp("add", action)) {
+ *             struct long2string *e;
+ *             FLEX_ALLOC_STR(e, value, value);
+ *             hashmap_entry_init(e, memhash(&key, sizeof(long)));
+ *             e->key = key;
+ *             hashmap_add(&map, e);
+ *         }
+ *
+ *         if (!strcmp("print_all_by_key", action)) {
+ *             struct long2string k, *e;
+ *             hashmap_entry_init(&k, memhash(&key, sizeof(long)));
+ *             k.key = key;
+ *
+ *             flags &= ~COMPARE_VALUE;
+ *             e = hashmap_get(&map, &k, NULL);
+ *             if (e) {
+ *                 printf("first: %ld %s\n", e->key, e->value);
+ *                 while ((e = hashmap_get_next(&map, e)))
+ *                     printf("found more: %ld %s\n", e->key, e->value);
+ *             }
+ *         }
+ *
+ *         if (!strcmp("has_exact_match", action)) {
+ *             struct long2string *e;
+ *             FLEX_ALLOC_STR(e, value, value);
+ *             hashmap_entry_init(e, memhash(&key, sizeof(long)));
+ *             e->key = key;
+ *
+ *             flags |= COMPARE_VALUE;
+ *             printf("%sfound\n", hashmap_get(&map, e, NULL) ? "" : "not ");
+ *             free(e);
+ *         }
+ *
+ *         if (!strcmp("has_exact_match_no_heap_alloc", action)) {
+ *             struct long2string k;
+ *             hashmap_entry_init(&k, memhash(&key, sizeof(long)));
+ *             k.key = key;
+ *
+ *             flags |= COMPARE_VALUE;
+ *             printf("%sfound\n", hashmap_get(&map, &k, value) ? "" : "not ");
+ *         }
+ *
+ *         if (!strcmp("end", action)) {
+ *             hashmap_free(&map, 1);
+ *             break;
+ *         }
+ *     }
+ *
+ *     return 0;
+ * }
  */
 
-/* FNV-1 functions */
-
+/*
+ * Ready-to-use hash functions for strings, using the FNV-1 algorithm (see
+ * http://www.isthe.com/chongo/tech/comp/fnv).
+ * `strhash` and `strihash` take 0-terminated strings, while `memhash` and
+ * `memihash` operate on arbitrary-length memory.
+ * `strihash` and `memihash` are case insensitive versions.
+ * `memihash_cont` is a variant of `memihash` that allows a computation to be
+ * continued with another chunk of data.
+ */
 extern unsigned int strhash(const char *buf);
 extern unsigned int strihash(const char *buf);
 extern unsigned int memhash(const void *buf, size_t len);
 extern unsigned int memihash(const void *buf, size_t len);
+extern unsigned int memihash_cont(unsigned int hash_seed, const void *buf, size_t len);
 
+/*
+ * Converts a cryptographic hash (e.g. SHA-1) into an int-sized hash code
+ * for use in hash tables. Cryptographic hashes are supposed to have
+ * uniform distribution, so in contrast to `memhash()`, this just copies
+ * the first `sizeof(int)` bytes without shuffling any bits. Note that
+ * the results will be different on big-endian and little-endian
+ * platforms, so they should not be stored or transferred over the net.
+ */
 static inline unsigned int sha1hash(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	/*
@@ -24,62 +129,248 @@ static inline unsigned int sha1hash(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	return hash;
 }
 
-/* data structures */
-
+/*
+ * struct hashmap_entry is an opaque structure representing an entry in the
+ * hash table, which must be used as first member of user data structures.
+ * Ideally it should be followed by an int-sized member to prevent unused
+ * memory on 64-bit systems due to alignment.
+ */
 struct hashmap_entry {
+	/*
+	 * next points to the next entry in case of collisions (i.e. if
+	 * multiple entries map to the same bucket)
+	 */
 	struct hashmap_entry *next;
+
+	/* entry's hash code */
 	unsigned int hash;
 };
 
-typedef int (*hashmap_cmp_fn)(const void *entry, const void *entry_or_key,
-		const void *keydata);
+/*
+ * User-supplied function to test two hashmap entries for equality. Shall
+ * return 0 if the entries are equal.
+ *
+ * This function is always called with non-NULL `entry` and `entry_or_key`
+ * parameters that have the same hash code.
+ *
+ * When looking up an entry, the `key` and `keydata` parameters to hashmap_get
+ * and hashmap_remove are always passed as second `entry_or_key` and third
+ * argument `keydata`, respectively. Otherwise, `keydata` is NULL.
+ *
+ * When it is too expensive to allocate a user entry (either because it is
+ * large or varialbe sized, such that it is not on the stack), then the
+ * relevant data to check for equality should be passed via `keydata`.
+ * In this case `key` can be a stripped down version of the user key data
+ * or even just a hashmap_entry having the correct hash.
+ *
+ * The `hashmap_cmp_fn_data` entry is the pointer given in the init function.
+ */
+typedef int (*hashmap_cmp_fn)(const void *hashmap_cmp_fn_data,
+			      const void *entry, const void *entry_or_key,
+			      const void *keydata);
 
+/*
+ * struct hashmap is the hash table structure. Members can be used as follows,
+ * but should not be modified directly.
+ */
 struct hashmap {
 	struct hashmap_entry **table;
+
+	/* Stores the comparison function specified in `hashmap_init()`. */
 	hashmap_cmp_fn cmpfn;
-	unsigned int size, tablesize, grow_at, shrink_at;
-};
+	const void *cmpfn_data;
 
-struct hashmap_iter {
-	struct hashmap *map;
-	struct hashmap_entry *next;
-	unsigned int tablepos;
+	/* total number of entries (0 means the hashmap is empty) */
+	unsigned int private_size; /* use hashmap_get_size() */
+
+	/*
+	 * tablesize is the allocated size of the hash table. A non-0 value
+	 * indicates that the hashmap is initialized. It may also be useful
+	 * for statistical purposes (i.e. `size / tablesize` is the current
+	 * load factor).
+	 */
+	unsigned int tablesize;
+
+	unsigned int grow_at;
+	unsigned int shrink_at;
+
+	unsigned int do_count_items : 1;
 };
 
 /* hashmap functions */
 
-extern void hashmap_init(struct hashmap *map, hashmap_cmp_fn equals_function,
-		size_t initial_size);
+/*
+ * Initializes a hashmap structure.
+ *
+ * `map` is the hashmap to initialize.
+ *
+ * The `equals_function` can be specified to compare two entries for equality.
+ * If NULL, entries are considered equal if their hash codes are equal.
+ *
+ * The `equals_function_data` parameter can be used to provide additional data
+ * (a callback cookie) that will be passed to `equals_function` each time it
+ * is called. This allows a single `equals_function` to implement multiple
+ * comparison functions.
+ *
+ * If the total number of entries is known in advance, the `initial_size`
+ * parameter may be used to preallocate a sufficiently large table and thus
+ * prevent expensive resizing. If 0, the table is dynamically resized.
+ */
+extern void hashmap_init(struct hashmap *map,
+			 hashmap_cmp_fn equals_function,
+			 const void *equals_function_data,
+			 size_t initial_size);
+
+/*
+ * Frees a hashmap structure and allocated memory.
+ *
+ * If `free_entries` is true, each hashmap_entry in the map is freed as well
+ * using stdlibs free().
+ */
 extern void hashmap_free(struct hashmap *map, int free_entries);
 
 /* hashmap_entry functions */
 
+/*
+ * Initializes a hashmap_entry structure.
+ *
+ * `entry` points to the entry to initialize.
+ * `hash` is the hash code of the entry.
+ *
+ * The hashmap_entry structure does not hold references to external resources,
+ * and it is safe to just discard it once you are done with it (i.e. if
+ * your structure was allocated with xmalloc(), you can just free(3) it,
+ * and if it is on stack, you can just let it go out of scope).
+ */
 static inline void hashmap_entry_init(void *entry, unsigned int hash)
 {
 	struct hashmap_entry *e = entry;
 	e->hash = hash;
 	e->next = NULL;
 }
+
+/*
+ * Return the number of items in the map.
+ */
+static inline unsigned int hashmap_get_size(struct hashmap *map)
+{
+	if (map->do_count_items)
+		return map->private_size;
+
+	BUG("hashmap_get_size: size not set");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns the hashmap entry for the specified key, or NULL if not found.
+ *
+ * `map` is the hashmap structure.
+ *
+ * `key` is a user data structure that starts with hashmap_entry that has at
+ * least been initialized with the proper hash code (via `hashmap_entry_init`).
+ *
+ * `keydata` is a data structure that holds just enough information to check
+ * for equality to a given entry.
+ *
+ * If the key data is variable-sized (e.g. a FLEX_ARRAY string) or quite large,
+ * it is undesirable to create a full-fledged entry structure on the heap and
+ * copy all the key data into the structure.
+ *
+ * In this case, the `keydata` parameter can be used to pass
+ * variable-sized key data directly to the comparison function, and the `key`
+ * parameter can be a stripped-down, fixed size entry structure allocated on the
+ * stack.
+ *
+ * If an entry with matching hash code is found, `key` and `keydata` are passed
+ * to `hashmap_cmp_fn` to decide whether the entry matches the key.
+ */
 extern void *hashmap_get(const struct hashmap *map, const void *key,
-		const void *keydata);
-extern void *hashmap_get_next(const struct hashmap *map, const void *entry);
-extern void hashmap_add(struct hashmap *map, void *entry);
-extern void *hashmap_put(struct hashmap *map, void *entry);
-extern void *hashmap_remove(struct hashmap *map, const void *key,
-		const void *keydata);
+			 const void *keydata);
 
+/*
+ * Returns the hashmap entry for the specified hash code and key data,
+ * or NULL if not found.
+ *
+ * `map` is the hashmap structure.
+ * `hash` is the hash code of the entry to look up.
+ *
+ * If an entry with matching hash code is found, `keydata` is passed to
+ * `hashmap_cmp_fn` to decide whether the entry matches the key. The
+ * `entry_or_key` parameter of `hashmap_cmp_fn` points to a hashmap_entry
+ * structure that should not be used in the comparison.
+ */
 static inline void *hashmap_get_from_hash(const struct hashmap *map,
-		unsigned int hash, const void *keydata)
+					  unsigned int hash,
+					  const void *keydata)
 {
 	struct hashmap_entry key;
 	hashmap_entry_init(&key, hash);
 	return hashmap_get(map, &key, keydata);
 }
 
-/* hashmap_iter functions */
+/*
+ * Returns the next equal hashmap entry, or NULL if not found. This can be
+ * used to iterate over duplicate entries (see `hashmap_add`).
+ *
+ * `map` is the hashmap structure.
+ * `entry` is the hashmap_entry to start the search from, obtained via a previous
+ * call to `hashmap_get` or `hashmap_get_next`.
+ */
+extern void *hashmap_get_next(const struct hashmap *map, const void *entry);
+
+/*
+ * Adds a hashmap entry. This allows to add duplicate entries (i.e.
+ * separate values with the same key according to hashmap_cmp_fn).
+ *
+ * `map` is the hashmap structure.
+ * `entry` is the entry to add.
+ */
+extern void hashmap_add(struct hashmap *map, void *entry);
+
+/*
+ * Adds or replaces a hashmap entry. If the hashmap contains duplicate
+ * entries equal to the specified entry, only one of them will be replaced.
+ *
+ * `map` is the hashmap structure.
+ * `entry` is the entry to add or replace.
+ * Returns the replaced entry, or NULL if not found (i.e. the entry was added).
+ */
+extern void *hashmap_put(struct hashmap *map, void *entry);
+
+/*
+ * Removes a hashmap entry matching the specified key. If the hashmap contains
+ * duplicate entries equal to the specified key, only one of them will be
+ * removed. Returns the removed entry, or NULL if not found.
+ *
+ * Argument explanation is the same as in `hashmap_get`.
+ */
+extern void *hashmap_remove(struct hashmap *map, const void *key,
+		const void *keydata);
+
+/*
+ * Returns the `bucket` an entry is stored in.
+ * Useful for multithreaded read access.
+ */
+int hashmap_bucket(const struct hashmap *map, unsigned int hash);
 
+/*
+ * Used to iterate over all entries of a hashmap. Note that it is
+ * not safe to add or remove entries to the hashmap while
+ * iterating.
+ */
+struct hashmap_iter {
+	struct hashmap *map;
+	struct hashmap_entry *next;
+	unsigned int tablepos;
+};
+
+/* Initializes a `hashmap_iter` structure. */
 extern void hashmap_iter_init(struct hashmap *map, struct hashmap_iter *iter);
+
+/* Returns the next hashmap_entry, or NULL if there are no more entries. */
 extern void *hashmap_iter_next(struct hashmap_iter *iter);
+
+/* Initializes the iterator and returns the first entry, if any. */
 static inline void *hashmap_iter_first(struct hashmap *map,
 		struct hashmap_iter *iter)
 {
@@ -87,8 +378,57 @@ static inline void *hashmap_iter_first(struct hashmap *map,
 	return hashmap_iter_next(iter);
 }
 
-/* string interning */
+/*
+ * Disable item counting and automatic rehashing when adding/removing items.
+ *
+ * Normally, the hashmap keeps track of the number of items in the map
+ * and uses it to dynamically resize it.  This (both the counting and
+ * the resizing) can cause problems when the map is being used by
+ * threaded callers (because the hashmap code does not know about the
+ * locking strategy used by the threaded callers and therefore, does
+ * not know how to protect the "private_size" counter).
+ */
+static inline void hashmap_disable_item_counting(struct hashmap *map)
+{
+	map->do_count_items = 0;
+}
 
+/*
+ * Re-enable item couting when adding/removing items.
+ * If counting is currently disabled, it will force count them.
+ * It WILL NOT automatically rehash them.
+ */
+static inline void hashmap_enable_item_counting(struct hashmap *map)
+{
+	unsigned int n = 0;
+	struct hashmap_iter iter;
+
+	if (map->do_count_items)
+		return;
+
+	hashmap_iter_init(map, &iter);
+	while (hashmap_iter_next(&iter))
+		n++;
+
+	map->do_count_items = 1;
+	map->private_size = n;
+}
+
+/* String interning */
+
+/*
+ * Returns the unique, interned version of the specified string or data,
+ * similar to the `String.intern` API in Java and .NET, respectively.
+ * Interned strings remain valid for the entire lifetime of the process.
+ *
+ * Can be used as `[x]strdup()` or `xmemdupz` replacement, except that interned
+ * strings / data must not be modified or freed.
+ *
+ * Interned strings are best used for short strings with high probability of
+ * duplicates.
+ *
+ * Uses a hashmap to store the pool of interned strings.
+ */
 extern const void *memintern(const void *data, size_t len);
 static inline const char *strintern(const char *string)
 {
diff --git a/help.c b/help.c
index 2072a873e2..96f6d221ed 100644
--- a/help.c
+++ b/help.c
@@ -1,21 +1,136 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
 #include "levenshtein.h"
 #include "help.h"
-#include "common-cmds.h"
+#include "command-list.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "column.h"
 #include "version.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-void add_cmdname(struct cmdnames *cmds, const char *name, int len)
+struct category_description {
+	uint32_t category;
+	const char *desc;
+};
+static uint32_t common_mask =
+	CAT_init | CAT_worktree | CAT_info |
+	CAT_history | CAT_remote;
+static struct category_description common_categories[] = {
+	{ CAT_init, N_("start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)") },
+	{ CAT_worktree, N_("work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)") },
+	{ CAT_info, N_("examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)") },
+	{ CAT_history, N_("grow, mark and tweak your common history") },
+	{ CAT_remote, N_("collaborate (see also: git help workflows)") },
+	{ 0, NULL }
+};
+static struct category_description main_categories[] = {
+	{ CAT_mainporcelain, N_("Main Porcelain Commands") },
+	{ CAT_ancillarymanipulators, N_("Ancillary Commands / Manipulators") },
+	{ CAT_ancillaryinterrogators, N_("Ancillary Commands / Interrogators") },
+	{ CAT_foreignscminterface, N_("Interacting with Others") },
+	{ CAT_plumbingmanipulators, N_("Low-level Commands / Manipulators") },
+	{ CAT_plumbinginterrogators, N_("Low-level Commands / Interrogators") },
+	{ CAT_synchingrepositories, N_("Low-level Commands / Synching Repositories") },
+	{ CAT_purehelpers, N_("Low-level Commands / Internal Helpers") },
+	{ 0, NULL }
+};
+
+static const char *drop_prefix(const char *name, uint32_t category)
+{
+	const char *new_name;
+
+	if (skip_prefix(name, "git-", &new_name))
+		return new_name;
+	if (category == CAT_guide && skip_prefix(name, "git", &new_name))
+		return new_name;
+	return name;
+
+}
+
+static void extract_cmds(struct cmdname_help **p_cmds, uint32_t mask)
+{
+	int i, nr = 0;
+	struct cmdname_help *cmds;
+
+	if (ARRAY_SIZE(command_list) == 0)
+		BUG("empty command_list[] is a sign of broken generate-cmdlist.sh");
+
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(cmds, ARRAY_SIZE(command_list) + 1);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(command_list); i++) {
+		const struct cmdname_help *cmd = command_list + i;
+
+		if (!(cmd->category & mask))
+			continue;
+
+		cmds[nr] = *cmd;
+		cmds[nr].name = drop_prefix(cmd->name, cmd->category);
+
+		nr++;
+	}
+	cmds[nr].name = NULL;
+	*p_cmds = cmds;
+}
+
+static void print_command_list(const struct cmdname_help *cmds,
+			       uint32_t mask, int longest)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; cmds[i].name; i++) {
+		if (cmds[i].category & mask) {
+			printf("   %s   ", cmds[i].name);
+			mput_char(' ', longest - strlen(cmds[i].name));
+			puts(_(cmds[i].help));
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static int cmd_name_cmp(const void *elem1, const void *elem2)
+{
+	const struct cmdname_help *e1 = elem1;
+	const struct cmdname_help *e2 = elem2;
+
+	return strcmp(e1->name, e2->name);
+}
+
+static void print_cmd_by_category(const struct category_description *catdesc)
 {
-	struct cmdname *ent = xmalloc(sizeof(*ent) + len + 1);
+	struct cmdname_help *cmds;
+	int longest = 0;
+	int i, nr = 0;
+	uint32_t mask = 0;
 
+	for (i = 0; catdesc[i].desc; i++)
+		mask |= catdesc[i].category;
+
+	extract_cmds(&cmds, mask);
+
+	for (i = 0; cmds[i].name; i++, nr++) {
+		if (longest < strlen(cmds[i].name))
+			longest = strlen(cmds[i].name);
+	}
+	QSORT(cmds, nr, cmd_name_cmp);
+
+	for (i = 0; catdesc[i].desc; i++) {
+		uint32_t mask = catdesc[i].category;
+		const char *desc = catdesc[i].desc;
+
+		printf("\n%s\n", _(desc));
+		print_command_list(cmds, mask, longest);
+	}
+	free(cmds);
+}
+
+void add_cmdname(struct cmdnames *cmds, const char *name, int len)
+{
+	struct cmdname *ent;
+	FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(ent, name, name, len);
 	ent->len = len;
-	memcpy(ent->name, name, len);
-	ent->name[len] = 0;
 
 	ALLOC_GROW(cmds->names, cmds->cnt + 1, cmds->alloc);
 	cmds->names[cmds->cnt++] = ent;
@@ -98,33 +213,6 @@ static void pretty_print_cmdnames(struct cmdnames *cmds, unsigned int colopts)
 	string_list_clear(&list, 0);
 }
 
-static int is_executable(const char *name)
-{
-	struct stat st;
-
-	if (stat(name, &st) || /* stat, not lstat */
-	    !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
-		return 0;
-
-#if defined(GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE)
-{	/* cannot trust the executable bit, peek into the file instead */
-	char buf[3] = { 0 };
-	int n;
-	int fd = open(name, O_RDONLY);
-	st.st_mode &= ~S_IXUSR;
-	if (fd >= 0) {
-		n = read(fd, buf, 2);
-		if (n == 2)
-			/* DOS executables start with "MZ" */
-			if (!strcmp(buf, "#!") || !strcmp(buf, "MZ"))
-				st.st_mode |= S_IXUSR;
-		close(fd);
-	}
-}
-#endif
-	return st.st_mode & S_IXUSR;
-}
-
 static void list_commands_in_dir(struct cmdnames *cmds,
 					 const char *path,
 					 const char *prefix)
@@ -172,8 +260,7 @@ void load_command_list(const char *prefix,
 
 	if (exec_path) {
 		list_commands_in_dir(main_cmds, exec_path, prefix);
-		qsort(main_cmds->names, main_cmds->cnt,
-		      sizeof(*main_cmds->names), cmdname_compare);
+		QSORT(main_cmds->names, main_cmds->cnt, cmdname_compare);
 		uniq(main_cmds);
 	}
 
@@ -192,8 +279,7 @@ void load_command_list(const char *prefix,
 		}
 		free(paths);
 
-		qsort(other_cmds->names, other_cmds->cnt,
-		      sizeof(*other_cmds->names), cmdname_compare);
+		QSORT(other_cmds->names, other_cmds->cnt, cmdname_compare);
 		uniq(other_cmds);
 	}
 	exclude_cmds(other_cmds, main_cmds);
@@ -220,19 +306,197 @@ void list_commands(unsigned int colopts,
 
 void list_common_cmds_help(void)
 {
-	int i, longest = 0;
+	puts(_("These are common Git commands used in various situations:"));
+	print_cmd_by_category(common_categories);
+}
+
+void list_all_main_cmds(struct string_list *list)
+{
+	struct cmdnames main_cmds, other_cmds;
+	int i;
+
+	memset(&main_cmds, 0, sizeof(main_cmds));
+	memset(&other_cmds, 0, sizeof(other_cmds));
+	load_command_list("git-", &main_cmds, &other_cmds);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < main_cmds.cnt; i++)
+		string_list_append(list, main_cmds.names[i]->name);
+
+	clean_cmdnames(&main_cmds);
+	clean_cmdnames(&other_cmds);
+}
+
+void list_all_other_cmds(struct string_list *list)
+{
+	struct cmdnames main_cmds, other_cmds;
+	int i;
+
+	memset(&main_cmds, 0, sizeof(main_cmds));
+	memset(&other_cmds, 0, sizeof(other_cmds));
+	load_command_list("git-", &main_cmds, &other_cmds);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < other_cmds.cnt; i++)
+		string_list_append(list, other_cmds.names[i]->name);
+
+	clean_cmdnames(&main_cmds);
+	clean_cmdnames(&other_cmds);
+}
+
+void list_cmds_by_category(struct string_list *list,
+			   const char *cat)
+{
+	int i, n = ARRAY_SIZE(command_list);
+	uint32_t cat_id = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; category_names[i]; i++) {
+		if (!strcmp(cat, category_names[i])) {
+			cat_id = 1UL << i;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	if (!cat_id)
+		die(_("unsupported command listing type '%s'"), cat);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		struct cmdname_help *cmd = command_list + i;
+
+		if (!(cmd->category & cat_id))
+			continue;
+		string_list_append(list, drop_prefix(cmd->name, cmd->category));
+	}
+}
+
+void list_cmds_by_config(struct string_list *list)
+{
+	const char *cmd_list;
+
+	/*
+	 * There's no actual repository setup at this point (and even
+	 * if there is, we don't really care; only global config
+	 * matters). If we accidentally set up a repository, it's ok
+	 * too since the caller (git --list-cmds=) should exit shortly
+	 * anyway.
+	 */
+	if (git_config_get_string_const("completion.commands", &cmd_list))
+		return;
+
+	string_list_sort(list);
+	string_list_remove_duplicates(list, 0);
+
+	while (*cmd_list) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+		const char *p = strchrnul(cmd_list, ' ');
+
+		strbuf_add(&sb, cmd_list, p - cmd_list);
+		if (*cmd_list == '-')
+			string_list_remove(list, cmd_list + 1, 0);
+		else
+			string_list_insert(list, sb.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		while (*p == ' ')
+			p++;
+		cmd_list = p;
+	}
+}
+
+void list_common_guides_help(void)
+{
+	struct category_description catdesc[] = {
+		{ CAT_guide, N_("The common Git guides are:") },
+		{ 0, NULL }
+	};
+	print_cmd_by_category(catdesc);
+	putchar('\n');
+}
+
+struct slot_expansion {
+	const char *prefix;
+	const char *placeholder;
+	void (*fn)(struct string_list *list, const char *prefix);
+	int found;
+};
+
+void list_config_help(int for_human)
+{
+	struct slot_expansion slot_expansions[] = {
+		{ "advice", "*", list_config_advices },
+		{ "color.branch", "<slot>", list_config_color_branch_slots },
+		{ "color.decorate", "<slot>", list_config_color_decorate_slots },
+		{ "color.diff", "<slot>", list_config_color_diff_slots },
+		{ "color.grep", "<slot>", list_config_color_grep_slots },
+		{ "color.interactive", "<slot>", list_config_color_interactive_slots },
+		{ "color.remote", "<slot>", list_config_color_sideband_slots },
+		{ "color.status", "<slot>", list_config_color_status_slots },
+		{ "fsck", "<msg-id>", list_config_fsck_msg_ids },
+		{ "receive.fsck", "<msg-id>", list_config_fsck_msg_ids },
+		{ NULL, NULL, NULL }
+	};
+	const char **p;
+	struct slot_expansion *e;
+	struct string_list keys = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	int i;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(common_cmds); i++) {
-		if (longest < strlen(common_cmds[i].name))
-			longest = strlen(common_cmds[i].name);
+	for (p = config_name_list; *p; p++) {
+		const char *var = *p;
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		for (e = slot_expansions; e->prefix; e++) {
+
+			strbuf_reset(&sb);
+			strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s.%s", e->prefix, e->placeholder);
+			if (!strcasecmp(var, sb.buf)) {
+				e->fn(&keys, e->prefix);
+				e->found++;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		if (!e->prefix)
+			string_list_append(&keys, var);
 	}
 
-	puts(_("The most commonly used git commands are:"));
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(common_cmds); i++) {
-		printf("   %s   ", common_cmds[i].name);
-		mput_char(' ', longest - strlen(common_cmds[i].name));
-		puts(_(common_cmds[i].help));
+	for (e = slot_expansions; e->prefix; e++)
+		if (!e->found)
+			BUG("slot_expansion %s.%s is not used",
+			    e->prefix, e->placeholder);
+
+	string_list_sort(&keys);
+	for (i = 0; i < keys.nr; i++) {
+		const char *var = keys.items[i].string;
+		const char *wildcard, *tag, *cut;
+
+		if (for_human) {
+			puts(var);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		wildcard = strchr(var, '*');
+		tag = strchr(var, '<');
+
+		if (!wildcard && !tag) {
+			puts(var);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (wildcard && !tag)
+			cut = wildcard;
+		else if (!wildcard && tag)
+			cut = tag;
+		else
+			cut = wildcard < tag ? wildcard : tag;
+
+		/*
+		 * We may produce duplicates, but that's up to
+		 * git-completion.bash to handle
+		 */
+		printf("%.*s\n", (int)(cut - var), var);
 	}
+	string_list_clear(&keys, 0);
+}
+
+void list_all_cmds_help(void)
+{
+	print_cmd_by_category(main_categories);
 }
 
 int is_in_cmdlist(struct cmdnames *c, const char *s)
@@ -276,9 +540,8 @@ static void add_cmd_list(struct cmdnames *cmds, struct cmdnames *old)
 
 	for (i = 0; i < old->cnt; i++)
 		cmds->names[cmds->cnt++] = old->names[i];
-	free(old->names);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(old->names);
 	old->cnt = 0;
-	old->names = NULL;
 }
 
 /* An empirically derived magic number */
@@ -293,21 +556,23 @@ const char *help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd)
 {
 	int i, n, best_similarity = 0;
 	struct cmdnames main_cmds, other_cmds;
+	struct cmdname_help *common_cmds;
 
 	memset(&main_cmds, 0, sizeof(main_cmds));
 	memset(&other_cmds, 0, sizeof(other_cmds));
 	memset(&aliases, 0, sizeof(aliases));
 
-	git_config(git_unknown_cmd_config, NULL);
+	read_early_config(git_unknown_cmd_config, NULL);
 
 	load_command_list("git-", &main_cmds, &other_cmds);
 
 	add_cmd_list(&main_cmds, &aliases);
 	add_cmd_list(&main_cmds, &other_cmds);
-	qsort(main_cmds.names, main_cmds.cnt,
-	      sizeof(*main_cmds.names), cmdname_compare);
+	QSORT(main_cmds.names, main_cmds.cnt, cmdname_compare);
 	uniq(&main_cmds);
 
+	extract_cmds(&common_cmds, common_mask);
+
 	/* This abuses cmdname->len for levenshtein distance */
 	for (i = 0, n = 0; i < main_cmds.cnt; i++) {
 		int cmp = 0; /* avoid compiler stupidity */
@@ -322,10 +587,10 @@ const char *help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd)
 			die(_(bad_interpreter_advice), cmd, cmd);
 
 		/* Does the candidate appear in common_cmds list? */
-		while (n < ARRAY_SIZE(common_cmds) &&
+		while (common_cmds[n].name &&
 		       (cmp = strcmp(common_cmds[n].name, candidate)) < 0)
 			n++;
-		if ((n < ARRAY_SIZE(common_cmds)) && !cmp) {
+		if (common_cmds[n].name && !cmp) {
 			/* Yes, this is one of the common commands */
 			n++; /* use the entry from common_cmds[] */
 			if (starts_with(candidate, cmd)) {
@@ -338,9 +603,9 @@ const char *help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd)
 		main_cmds.names[i]->len =
 			levenshtein(cmd, candidate, 0, 2, 1, 3) + 1;
 	}
+	FREE_AND_NULL(common_cmds);
 
-	qsort(main_cmds.names, main_cmds.cnt,
-	      sizeof(*main_cmds.names), levenshtein_compare);
+	QSORT(main_cmds.names, main_cmds.cnt, levenshtein_compare);
 
 	if (!main_cmds.cnt)
 		die(_("Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."));
@@ -366,13 +631,19 @@ const char *help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd)
 		clean_cmdnames(&main_cmds);
 		fprintf_ln(stderr,
 			   _("WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', "
-			     "which does not exist.\n"
-			     "Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"),
-			cmd, assumed);
-		if (autocorrect > 0) {
-			fprintf_ln(stderr, _("in %0.1f seconds automatically..."),
-				(float)autocorrect/10.0);
-			poll(NULL, 0, autocorrect * 100);
+			     "which does not exist."),
+			   cmd);
+		if (autocorrect < 0)
+			fprintf_ln(stderr,
+				   _("Continuing under the assumption that "
+				     "you meant '%s'."),
+				   assumed);
+		else {
+			fprintf_ln(stderr,
+				   _("Continuing in %0.1f seconds, "
+				     "assuming that you meant '%s'."),
+				   (float)autocorrect/10.0, assumed);
+			sleep_millisec(autocorrect * 100);
 		}
 		return assumed;
 	}
@@ -381,8 +652,8 @@ const char *help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd)
 
 	if (SIMILAR_ENOUGH(best_similarity)) {
 		fprintf_ln(stderr,
-			   Q_("\nDid you mean this?",
-			      "\nDid you mean one of these?",
+			   Q_("\nThe most similar command is",
+			      "\nThe most similar commands are",
 			   n));
 
 		for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
@@ -394,11 +665,38 @@ const char *help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd)
 
 int cmd_version(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
+	int build_options = 0;
+	const char * const usage[] = {
+		N_("git version [<options>]"),
+		NULL
+	};
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "build-options", &build_options,
+			 "also print build options"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, usage, 0);
+
 	/*
 	 * The format of this string should be kept stable for compatibility
 	 * with external projects that rely on the output of "git version".
+	 *
+	 * Always show the version, even if other options are given.
 	 */
 	printf("git version %s\n", git_version_string);
+
+	if (build_options) {
+		printf("cpu: %s\n", GIT_HOST_CPU);
+		if (git_built_from_commit_string[0])
+			printf("built from commit: %s\n",
+			       git_built_from_commit_string);
+		else
+			printf("no commit associated with this build\n");
+		printf("sizeof-long: %d\n", (int)sizeof(long));
+		printf("sizeof-size_t: %d\n", (int)sizeof(size_t));
+		/* NEEDSWORK: also save and output GIT-BUILD_OPTIONS? */
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -407,7 +705,7 @@ struct similar_ref_cb {
 	struct string_list *similar_refs;
 };
 
-static int append_similar_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int append_similar_ref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
 			      int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct similar_ref_cb *cb = (struct similar_ref_cb *)(cb_data);
diff --git a/help.h b/help.h
index b21d7c94e8..9eab6a3f89 100644
--- a/help.h
+++ b/help.h
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 #ifndef HELP_H
 #define HELP_H
 
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
 struct cmdnames {
 	int alloc;
 	int cnt;
@@ -17,6 +20,15 @@ static inline void mput_char(char c, unsigned int num)
 }
 
 extern void list_common_cmds_help(void);
+extern void list_all_cmds_help(void);
+extern void list_common_guides_help(void);
+extern void list_config_help(int for_human);
+
+extern void list_all_main_cmds(struct string_list *list);
+extern void list_all_other_cmds(struct string_list *list);
+extern void list_cmds_by_category(struct string_list *list,
+				  const char *category);
+extern void list_cmds_by_config(struct string_list *list);
 extern const char *help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd);
 extern void load_command_list(const char *prefix,
 			      struct cmdnames *main_cmds,
@@ -32,4 +44,46 @@ extern void list_commands(unsigned int colopts, struct cmdnames *main_cmds, stru
  * ref to the command, to give suggested "correct" refs.
  */
 extern void help_unknown_ref(const char *ref, const char *cmd, const char *error);
+
+static inline void list_config_item(struct string_list *list,
+				    const char *prefix,
+				    const char *str)
+{
+	string_list_append_nodup(list, xstrfmt("%s.%s", prefix, str));
+}
+
+#define define_list_config_array(array)					\
+void list_config_##array(struct string_list *list, const char *prefix)	\
+{									\
+	int i;								\
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(array); i++)				\
+		if (array[i])						\
+			list_config_item(list, prefix, array[i]);	\
+}									\
+struct string_list
+
+#define define_list_config_array_extra(array, values)			\
+void list_config_##array(struct string_list *list, const char *prefix)	\
+{									\
+	int i;								\
+	static const char *extra[] = values;				\
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(extra); i++)				\
+		list_config_item(list, prefix, extra[i]);		\
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(array); i++)				\
+		if (array[i])						\
+			list_config_item(list, prefix, array[i]);	\
+}									\
+struct string_list
+
+/* These are actually scattered over many C files */
+void list_config_advices(struct string_list *list, const char *prefix);
+void list_config_color_branch_slots(struct string_list *list, const char *prefix);
+void list_config_color_decorate_slots(struct string_list *list, const char *prefix);
+void list_config_color_diff_slots(struct string_list *list, const char *prefix);
+void list_config_color_grep_slots(struct string_list *list, const char *prefix);
+void list_config_color_interactive_slots(struct string_list *list, const char *prefix);
+void list_config_color_status_slots(struct string_list *list, const char *prefix);
+void list_config_color_sideband_slots(struct string_list *list, const char *prefix);
+void list_config_fsck_msg_ids(struct string_list *list, const char *prefix);
+
 #endif /* HELP_H */
diff --git a/hex.c b/hex.c
index cfd9d722fd..10af1a29e8 100644
--- a/hex.c
+++ b/hex.c
@@ -35,20 +35,24 @@ const signed char hexval_table[256] = {
 	 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,		/* f8-ff */
 };
 
+int hex_to_bytes(unsigned char *binary, const char *hex, size_t len)
+{
+	for (; len; len--, hex += 2) {
+		unsigned int val = (hexval(hex[0]) << 4) | hexval(hex[1]);
+
+		if (val & ~0xff)
+			return -1;
+		*binary++ = val;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int get_sha1_hex(const char *hex, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
-		unsigned int val;
-		/*
-		 * hex[1]=='\0' is caught when val is checked below,
-		 * but if hex[0] is NUL we have to avoid reading
-		 * past the end of the string:
-		 */
-		if (!hex[0])
-			return -1;
-		val = (hexval(hex[0]) << 4) | hexval(hex[1]);
-		if (val & ~0xff)
+	for (i = 0; i < the_hash_algo->rawsz; i++) {
+		int val = hex2chr(hex);
+		if (val < 0)
 			return -1;
 		*sha1++ = val;
 		hex += 2;
@@ -56,15 +60,26 @@ int get_sha1_hex(const char *hex, unsigned char *sha1)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-char *sha1_to_hex(const unsigned char *sha1)
+int get_oid_hex(const char *hex, struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	return get_sha1_hex(hex, oid->hash);
+}
+
+int parse_oid_hex(const char *hex, struct object_id *oid, const char **end)
+{
+	int ret = get_oid_hex(hex, oid);
+	if (!ret)
+		*end = hex + the_hash_algo->hexsz;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+char *sha1_to_hex_r(char *buffer, const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	static int bufno;
-	static char hexbuffer[4][41];
 	static const char hex[] = "0123456789abcdef";
-	char *buffer = hexbuffer[3 & ++bufno], *buf = buffer;
+	char *buf = buffer;
 	int i;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
+	for (i = 0; i < the_hash_algo->rawsz; i++) {
 		unsigned int val = *sha1++;
 		*buf++ = hex[val >> 4];
 		*buf++ = hex[val & 0xf];
@@ -73,3 +88,21 @@ char *sha1_to_hex(const unsigned char *sha1)
 
 	return buffer;
 }
+
+char *oid_to_hex_r(char *buffer, const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	return sha1_to_hex_r(buffer, oid->hash);
+}
+
+char *sha1_to_hex(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	static int bufno;
+	static char hexbuffer[4][GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
+	bufno = (bufno + 1) % ARRAY_SIZE(hexbuffer);
+	return sha1_to_hex_r(hexbuffer[bufno], sha1);
+}
+
+char *oid_to_hex(const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	return sha1_to_hex(oid->hash);
+}
diff --git a/http-backend.c b/http-backend.c
index b6c0484fb2..88c38c834b 100644
--- a/http-backend.c
+++ b/http-backend.c
@@ -1,30 +1,37 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "tag.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "url.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "protocol.h"
 
 static const char content_type[] = "Content-Type";
 static const char content_length[] = "Content-Length";
 static const char last_modified[] = "Last-Modified";
 static int getanyfile = 1;
+static unsigned long max_request_buffer = 10 * 1024 * 1024;
 
 static struct string_list *query_params;
 
 struct rpc_service {
 	const char *name;
 	const char *config_name;
+	unsigned buffer_input : 1;
 	signed enabled : 2;
 };
 
 static struct rpc_service rpc_service[] = {
-	{ "upload-pack", "uploadpack", 1 },
-	{ "receive-pack", "receivepack", -1 },
+	{ "upload-pack", "uploadpack", 1, 1 },
+	{ "receive-pack", "receivepack", 0, -1 },
 };
 
 static struct string_list *get_parameters(void)
@@ -73,55 +80,57 @@ static void format_write(int fd, const char *fmt, ...)
 	write_or_die(fd, buffer, n);
 }
 
-static void http_status(unsigned code, const char *msg)
+static void http_status(struct strbuf *hdr, unsigned code, const char *msg)
 {
-	format_write(1, "Status: %u %s\r\n", code, msg);
+	strbuf_addf(hdr, "Status: %u %s\r\n", code, msg);
 }
 
-static void hdr_str(const char *name, const char *value)
+static void hdr_str(struct strbuf *hdr, const char *name, const char *value)
 {
-	format_write(1, "%s: %s\r\n", name, value);
+	strbuf_addf(hdr, "%s: %s\r\n", name, value);
 }
 
-static void hdr_int(const char *name, uintmax_t value)
+static void hdr_int(struct strbuf *hdr, const char *name, uintmax_t value)
 {
-	format_write(1, "%s: %" PRIuMAX "\r\n", name, value);
+	strbuf_addf(hdr, "%s: %" PRIuMAX "\r\n", name, value);
 }
 
-static void hdr_date(const char *name, unsigned long when)
+static void hdr_date(struct strbuf *hdr, const char *name, timestamp_t when)
 {
-	const char *value = show_date(when, 0, DATE_RFC2822);
-	hdr_str(name, value);
+	const char *value = show_date(when, 0, DATE_MODE(RFC2822));
+	hdr_str(hdr, name, value);
 }
 
-static void hdr_nocache(void)
+static void hdr_nocache(struct strbuf *hdr)
 {
-	hdr_str("Expires", "Fri, 01 Jan 1980 00:00:00 GMT");
-	hdr_str("Pragma", "no-cache");
-	hdr_str("Cache-Control", "no-cache, max-age=0, must-revalidate");
+	hdr_str(hdr, "Expires", "Fri, 01 Jan 1980 00:00:00 GMT");
+	hdr_str(hdr, "Pragma", "no-cache");
+	hdr_str(hdr, "Cache-Control", "no-cache, max-age=0, must-revalidate");
 }
 
-static void hdr_cache_forever(void)
+static void hdr_cache_forever(struct strbuf *hdr)
 {
-	unsigned long now = time(NULL);
-	hdr_date("Date", now);
-	hdr_date("Expires", now + 31536000);
-	hdr_str("Cache-Control", "public, max-age=31536000");
+	timestamp_t now = time(NULL);
+	hdr_date(hdr, "Date", now);
+	hdr_date(hdr, "Expires", now + 31536000);
+	hdr_str(hdr, "Cache-Control", "public, max-age=31536000");
 }
 
-static void end_headers(void)
+static void end_headers(struct strbuf *hdr)
 {
-	write_or_die(1, "\r\n", 2);
+	strbuf_add(hdr, "\r\n", 2);
+	write_or_die(1, hdr->buf, hdr->len);
+	strbuf_release(hdr);
 }
 
-__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
-static NORETURN void not_found(const char *err, ...)
+__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)))
+static NORETURN void not_found(struct strbuf *hdr, const char *err, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
 
-	http_status(404, "Not Found");
-	hdr_nocache();
-	end_headers();
+	http_status(hdr, 404, "Not Found");
+	hdr_nocache(hdr);
+	end_headers(hdr);
 
 	va_start(params, err);
 	if (err && *err)
@@ -130,14 +139,14 @@ static NORETURN void not_found(const char *err, ...)
 	exit(0);
 }
 
-__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
-static NORETURN void forbidden(const char *err, ...)
+__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)))
+static NORETURN void forbidden(struct strbuf *hdr, const char *err, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
 
-	http_status(403, "Forbidden");
-	hdr_nocache();
-	end_headers();
+	http_status(hdr, 403, "Forbidden");
+	hdr_nocache(hdr);
+	end_headers(hdr);
 
 	va_start(params, err);
 	if (err && *err)
@@ -146,23 +155,25 @@ static NORETURN void forbidden(const char *err, ...)
 	exit(0);
 }
 
-static void select_getanyfile(void)
+static void select_getanyfile(struct strbuf *hdr)
 {
 	if (!getanyfile)
-		forbidden("Unsupported service: getanyfile");
+		forbidden(hdr, "Unsupported service: getanyfile");
 }
 
-static void send_strbuf(const char *type, struct strbuf *buf)
+static void send_strbuf(struct strbuf *hdr,
+			const char *type, struct strbuf *buf)
 {
-	hdr_int(content_length, buf->len);
-	hdr_str(content_type, type);
-	end_headers();
+	hdr_int(hdr, content_length, buf->len);
+	hdr_str(hdr, content_type, type);
+	end_headers(hdr);
 	write_or_die(1, buf->buf, buf->len);
 }
 
-static void send_local_file(const char *the_type, const char *name)
+static void send_local_file(struct strbuf *hdr, const char *the_type,
+				const char *name)
 {
-	const char *p = git_path("%s", name);
+	char *p = git_pathdup("%s", name);
 	size_t buf_alloc = 8192;
 	char *buf = xmalloc(buf_alloc);
 	int fd;
@@ -170,14 +181,14 @@ static void send_local_file(const char *the_type, const char *name)
 
 	fd = open(p, O_RDONLY);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		not_found("Cannot open '%s': %s", p, strerror(errno));
+		not_found(hdr, "Cannot open '%s': %s", p, strerror(errno));
 	if (fstat(fd, &sb) < 0)
 		die_errno("Cannot stat '%s'", p);
 
-	hdr_int(content_length, sb.st_size);
-	hdr_str(content_type, the_type);
-	hdr_date(last_modified, sb.st_mtime);
-	end_headers();
+	hdr_int(hdr, content_length, sb.st_size);
+	hdr_str(hdr, content_type, the_type);
+	hdr_date(hdr, last_modified, sb.st_mtime);
+	end_headers(hdr);
 
 	for (;;) {
 		ssize_t n = xread(fd, buf, buf_alloc);
@@ -189,34 +200,35 @@ static void send_local_file(const char *the_type, const char *name)
 	}
 	close(fd);
 	free(buf);
+	free(p);
 }
 
-static void get_text_file(char *name)
+static void get_text_file(struct strbuf *hdr, char *name)
 {
-	select_getanyfile();
-	hdr_nocache();
-	send_local_file("text/plain", name);
+	select_getanyfile(hdr);
+	hdr_nocache(hdr);
+	send_local_file(hdr, "text/plain", name);
 }
 
-static void get_loose_object(char *name)
+static void get_loose_object(struct strbuf *hdr, char *name)
 {
-	select_getanyfile();
-	hdr_cache_forever();
-	send_local_file("application/x-git-loose-object", name);
+	select_getanyfile(hdr);
+	hdr_cache_forever(hdr);
+	send_local_file(hdr, "application/x-git-loose-object", name);
 }
 
-static void get_pack_file(char *name)
+static void get_pack_file(struct strbuf *hdr, char *name)
 {
-	select_getanyfile();
-	hdr_cache_forever();
-	send_local_file("application/x-git-packed-objects", name);
+	select_getanyfile(hdr);
+	hdr_cache_forever(hdr);
+	send_local_file(hdr, "application/x-git-packed-objects", name);
 }
 
-static void get_idx_file(char *name)
+static void get_idx_file(struct strbuf *hdr, char *name)
 {
-	select_getanyfile();
-	hdr_cache_forever();
-	send_local_file("application/x-git-packed-objects-toc", name);
+	select_getanyfile(hdr);
+	hdr_cache_forever(hdr);
+	send_local_file(hdr, "application/x-git-packed-objects-toc", name);
 }
 
 static void http_config(void)
@@ -225,6 +237,7 @@ static void http_config(void)
 	struct strbuf var = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	git_config_get_bool("http.getanyfile", &getanyfile);
+	git_config_get_ulong("http.maxrequestbuffer", &max_request_buffer);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rpc_service); i++) {
 		struct rpc_service *svc = &rpc_service[i];
@@ -237,14 +250,14 @@ static void http_config(void)
 	strbuf_release(&var);
 }
 
-static struct rpc_service *select_service(const char *name)
+static struct rpc_service *select_service(struct strbuf *hdr, const char *name)
 {
 	const char *svc_name;
 	struct rpc_service *svc = NULL;
 	int i;
 
 	if (!skip_prefix(name, "git-", &svc_name))
-		forbidden("Unsupported service: '%s'", name);
+		forbidden(hdr, "Unsupported service: '%s'", name);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rpc_service); i++) {
 		struct rpc_service *s = &rpc_service[i];
@@ -255,33 +268,140 @@ static struct rpc_service *select_service(const char *name)
 	}
 
 	if (!svc)
-		forbidden("Unsupported service: '%s'", name);
+		forbidden(hdr, "Unsupported service: '%s'", name);
 
 	if (svc->enabled < 0) {
 		const char *user = getenv("REMOTE_USER");
 		svc->enabled = (user && *user) ? 1 : 0;
 	}
 	if (!svc->enabled)
-		forbidden("Service not enabled: '%s'", svc->name);
+		forbidden(hdr, "Service not enabled: '%s'", svc->name);
 	return svc;
 }
 
-static void inflate_request(const char *prog_name, int out)
+static void write_to_child(int out, const unsigned char *buf, ssize_t len, const char *prog_name)
+{
+	if (write_in_full(out, buf, len) < 0)
+		die("unable to write to '%s'", prog_name);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is basically strbuf_read(), except that if we
+ * hit max_request_buffer we die (we'd rather reject a
+ * maliciously large request than chew up infinite memory).
+ */
+static ssize_t read_request_eof(int fd, unsigned char **out)
+{
+	size_t len = 0, alloc = 8192;
+	unsigned char *buf = xmalloc(alloc);
+
+	if (max_request_buffer < alloc)
+		max_request_buffer = alloc;
+
+	while (1) {
+		ssize_t cnt;
+
+		cnt = read_in_full(fd, buf + len, alloc - len);
+		if (cnt < 0) {
+			free(buf);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		/* partial read from read_in_full means we hit EOF */
+		len += cnt;
+		if (len < alloc) {
+			*out = buf;
+			return len;
+		}
+
+		/* otherwise, grow and try again (if we can) */
+		if (alloc == max_request_buffer)
+			die("request was larger than our maximum size (%lu);"
+			    " try setting GIT_HTTP_MAX_REQUEST_BUFFER",
+			    max_request_buffer);
+
+		alloc = alloc_nr(alloc);
+		if (alloc > max_request_buffer)
+			alloc = max_request_buffer;
+		REALLOC_ARRAY(buf, alloc);
+	}
+}
+
+static ssize_t read_request_fixed_len(int fd, ssize_t req_len, unsigned char **out)
+{
+	unsigned char *buf = NULL;
+	ssize_t cnt = 0;
+
+	if (max_request_buffer < req_len) {
+		die("request was larger than our maximum size (%lu): "
+		    "%" PRIuMAX "; try setting GIT_HTTP_MAX_REQUEST_BUFFER",
+		    max_request_buffer, (uintmax_t)req_len);
+	}
+
+	buf = xmalloc(req_len);
+	cnt = read_in_full(fd, buf, req_len);
+	if (cnt < 0) {
+		free(buf);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	*out = buf;
+	return cnt;
+}
+
+static ssize_t get_content_length(void)
+{
+	ssize_t val = -1;
+	const char *str = getenv("CONTENT_LENGTH");
+
+	if (str && !git_parse_ssize_t(str, &val))
+		die("failed to parse CONTENT_LENGTH: %s", str);
+	return val;
+}
+
+static ssize_t read_request(int fd, unsigned char **out, ssize_t req_len)
+{
+	if (req_len < 0)
+		return read_request_eof(fd, out);
+	else
+		return read_request_fixed_len(fd, req_len, out);
+}
+
+static void inflate_request(const char *prog_name, int out, int buffer_input, ssize_t req_len)
 {
 	git_zstream stream;
+	unsigned char *full_request = NULL;
 	unsigned char in_buf[8192];
 	unsigned char out_buf[8192];
 	unsigned long cnt = 0;
+	int req_len_defined = req_len >= 0;
+	size_t req_remaining_len = req_len;
 
 	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
 	git_inflate_init_gzip_only(&stream);
 
 	while (1) {
-		ssize_t n = xread(0, in_buf, sizeof(in_buf));
+		ssize_t n;
+
+		if (buffer_input) {
+			if (full_request)
+				n = 0; /* nothing left to read */
+			else
+				n = read_request(0, &full_request, req_len);
+			stream.next_in = full_request;
+		} else {
+			ssize_t buffer_len;
+			if (req_len_defined && req_remaining_len <= sizeof(in_buf))
+				buffer_len = req_remaining_len;
+			else
+				buffer_len = sizeof(in_buf);
+			n = xread(0, in_buf, buffer_len);
+			stream.next_in = in_buf;
+			if (req_len_defined && n > 0)
+				req_remaining_len -= n;
+		}
+
 		if (n <= 0)
 			die("request ended in the middle of the gzip stream");
-
-		stream.next_in = in_buf;
 		stream.avail_in = n;
 
 		while (0 < stream.avail_in) {
@@ -295,9 +415,8 @@ static void inflate_request(const char *prog_name, int out)
 				die("zlib error inflating request, result %d", ret);
 
 			n = stream.total_out - cnt;
-			if (write_in_full(out, out_buf, n) != n)
-				die("%s aborted reading request", prog_name);
-			cnt += n;
+			write_to_child(out, out_buf, stream.total_out - cnt, prog_name);
+			cnt = stream.total_out;
 
 			if (ret == Z_STREAM_END)
 				goto done;
@@ -307,15 +426,45 @@ static void inflate_request(const char *prog_name, int out)
 done:
 	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	close(out);
+	free(full_request);
+}
+
+static void copy_request(const char *prog_name, int out, ssize_t req_len)
+{
+	unsigned char *buf;
+	ssize_t n = read_request(0, &buf, req_len);
+	if (n < 0)
+		die_errno("error reading request body");
+	write_to_child(out, buf, n, prog_name);
+	close(out);
+	free(buf);
+}
+
+static void pipe_fixed_length(const char *prog_name, int out, size_t req_len)
+{
+	unsigned char buf[8192];
+	size_t remaining_len = req_len;
+
+	while (remaining_len > 0) {
+		size_t chunk_length = remaining_len > sizeof(buf) ? sizeof(buf) : remaining_len;
+		ssize_t n = xread(0, buf, chunk_length);
+		if (n < 0)
+			die_errno("Reading request failed");
+		write_to_child(out, buf, n, prog_name);
+		remaining_len -= n;
+	}
+
+	close(out);
 }
 
-static void run_service(const char **argv)
+static void run_service(const char **argv, int buffer_input)
 {
 	const char *encoding = getenv("HTTP_CONTENT_ENCODING");
 	const char *user = getenv("REMOTE_USER");
 	const char *host = getenv("REMOTE_ADDR");
 	int gzipped_request = 0;
 	struct child_process cld = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	ssize_t req_len = get_content_length();
 
 	if (encoding && !strcmp(encoding, "gzip"))
 		gzipped_request = 1;
@@ -334,7 +483,7 @@ static void run_service(const char **argv)
 				 "GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=%s@http.%s", user, host);
 
 	cld.argv = argv;
-	if (gzipped_request)
+	if (buffer_input || gzipped_request || req_len >= 0)
 		cld.in = -1;
 	cld.git_cmd = 1;
 	if (start_command(&cld))
@@ -342,7 +491,11 @@ static void run_service(const char **argv)
 
 	close(1);
 	if (gzipped_request)
-		inflate_request(argv[0], cld.in);
+		inflate_request(argv[0], cld.in, buffer_input, req_len);
+	else if (buffer_input)
+		copy_request(argv[0], cld.in, req_len);
+	else if (req_len >= 0)
+		pipe_fixed_length(argv[0], cld.in, req_len);
 	else
 		close(0);
 
@@ -350,115 +503,116 @@ static void run_service(const char **argv)
 		exit(1);
 }
 
-static int show_text_ref(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1,
-	int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int show_text_ref(const char *name, const struct object_id *oid,
+			 int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	const char *name_nons = strip_namespace(name);
 	struct strbuf *buf = cb_data;
-	struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
+	struct object *o = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
 	if (!o)
 		return 0;
 
-	strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\t%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), name_nons);
+	strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\t%s\n", oid_to_hex(oid), name_nons);
 	if (o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
-		o = deref_tag(o, name, 0);
+		o = deref_tag(the_repository, o, name, 0);
 		if (!o)
 			return 0;
-		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\t%s^{}\n", sha1_to_hex(o->sha1),
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\t%s^{}\n", oid_to_hex(&o->oid),
 			    name_nons);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void get_info_refs(char *arg)
+static void get_info_refs(struct strbuf *hdr, char *arg)
 {
 	const char *service_name = get_parameter("service");
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	hdr_nocache();
+	hdr_nocache(hdr);
 
 	if (service_name) {
 		const char *argv[] = {NULL /* service name */,
 			"--stateless-rpc", "--advertise-refs",
 			".", NULL};
-		struct rpc_service *svc = select_service(service_name);
+		struct rpc_service *svc = select_service(hdr, service_name);
 
 		strbuf_addf(&buf, "application/x-git-%s-advertisement",
 			svc->name);
-		hdr_str(content_type, buf.buf);
-		end_headers();
+		hdr_str(hdr, content_type, buf.buf);
+		end_headers(hdr);
 
-		packet_write(1, "# service=git-%s\n", svc->name);
-		packet_flush(1);
+
+		if (determine_protocol_version_server() != protocol_v2) {
+			packet_write_fmt(1, "# service=git-%s\n", svc->name);
+			packet_flush(1);
+		}
 
 		argv[0] = svc->name;
-		run_service(argv);
+		run_service(argv, 0);
 
 	} else {
-		select_getanyfile();
+		select_getanyfile(hdr);
 		for_each_namespaced_ref(show_text_ref, &buf);
-		send_strbuf("text/plain", &buf);
+		send_strbuf(hdr, "text/plain", &buf);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
-static int show_head_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
-	int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int show_head_ref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+			 int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct strbuf *buf = cb_data;
 
 	if (flag & REF_ISSYMREF) {
-		unsigned char unused[20];
 		const char *target = resolve_ref_unsafe(refname,
 							RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-							unused, NULL);
-		const char *target_nons = strip_namespace(target);
+							NULL, NULL);
 
-		strbuf_addf(buf, "ref: %s\n", target_nons);
+		if (target)
+			strbuf_addf(buf, "ref: %s\n", strip_namespace(target));
 	} else {
-		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
 	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void get_head(char *arg)
+static void get_head(struct strbuf *hdr, char *arg)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	select_getanyfile();
+	select_getanyfile(hdr);
 	head_ref_namespaced(show_head_ref, &buf);
-	send_strbuf("text/plain", &buf);
+	send_strbuf(hdr, "text/plain", &buf);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
-static void get_info_packs(char *arg)
+static void get_info_packs(struct strbuf *hdr, char *arg)
 {
 	size_t objdirlen = strlen(get_object_directory());
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct packed_git *p;
 	size_t cnt = 0;
 
-	select_getanyfile();
-	prepare_packed_git();
-	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+	select_getanyfile(hdr);
+	for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p; p = p->next) {
 		if (p->pack_local)
 			cnt++;
 	}
 
 	strbuf_grow(&buf, cnt * 53 + 2);
-	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+	for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p; p = p->next) {
 		if (p->pack_local)
 			strbuf_addf(&buf, "P %s\n", p->pack_name + objdirlen + 6);
 	}
 	strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
 
-	hdr_nocache();
-	send_strbuf("text/plain; charset=utf-8", &buf);
+	hdr_nocache(hdr);
+	send_strbuf(hdr, "text/plain; charset=utf-8", &buf);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
-static void check_content_type(const char *accepted_type)
+static void check_content_type(struct strbuf *hdr, const char *accepted_type)
 {
 	const char *actual_type = getenv("CONTENT_TYPE");
 
@@ -466,9 +620,9 @@ static void check_content_type(const char *accepted_type)
 		actual_type = "";
 
 	if (strcmp(actual_type, accepted_type)) {
-		http_status(415, "Unsupported Media Type");
-		hdr_nocache();
-		end_headers();
+		http_status(hdr, 415, "Unsupported Media Type");
+		hdr_nocache(hdr);
+		end_headers(hdr);
 		format_write(1,
 			"Expected POST with Content-Type '%s',"
 			" but received '%s' instead.\n",
@@ -477,44 +631,49 @@ static void check_content_type(const char *accepted_type)
 	}
 }
 
-static void service_rpc(char *service_name)
+static void service_rpc(struct strbuf *hdr, char *service_name)
 {
 	const char *argv[] = {NULL, "--stateless-rpc", ".", NULL};
-	struct rpc_service *svc = select_service(service_name);
+	struct rpc_service *svc = select_service(hdr, service_name);
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "application/x-git-%s-request", svc->name);
-	check_content_type(buf.buf);
+	check_content_type(hdr, buf.buf);
 
-	hdr_nocache();
+	hdr_nocache(hdr);
 
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "application/x-git-%s-result", svc->name);
-	hdr_str(content_type, buf.buf);
+	hdr_str(hdr, content_type, buf.buf);
 
-	end_headers();
+	end_headers(hdr);
 
 	argv[0] = svc->name;
-	run_service(argv);
+	run_service(argv, svc->buffer_input);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
+static int dead;
 static NORETURN void die_webcgi(const char *err, va_list params)
 {
-	static int dead;
-
-	if (!dead) {
-		dead = 1;
-		http_status(500, "Internal Server Error");
-		hdr_nocache();
-		end_headers();
+	if (dead <= 1) {
+		struct strbuf hdr = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 		vreportf("fatal: ", err, params);
+
+		http_status(&hdr, 500, "Internal Server Error");
+		hdr_nocache(&hdr);
+		end_headers(&hdr);
 	}
 	exit(0); /* we successfully reported a failure ;-) */
 }
 
+static int die_webcgi_recursing(void)
+{
+	return dead++ > 1;
+}
+
 static char* getdir(void)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -542,7 +701,7 @@ static char* getdir(void)
 static struct service_cmd {
 	const char *method;
 	const char *pattern;
-	void (*imp)(char *);
+	void (*imp)(struct strbuf *, char *);
 } services[] = {
 	{"GET", "/HEAD$", get_head},
 	{"GET", "/info/refs$", get_info_refs},
@@ -557,18 +716,32 @@ static struct service_cmd {
 	{"POST", "/git-receive-pack$", service_rpc}
 };
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+static int bad_request(struct strbuf *hdr, const struct service_cmd *c)
+{
+	const char *proto = getenv("SERVER_PROTOCOL");
+
+	if (proto && !strcmp(proto, "HTTP/1.1")) {
+		http_status(hdr, 405, "Method Not Allowed");
+		hdr_str(hdr, "Allow",
+			!strcmp(c->method, "GET") ? "GET, HEAD" : c->method);
+	} else
+		http_status(hdr, 400, "Bad Request");
+	hdr_nocache(hdr);
+	end_headers(hdr);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	char *method = getenv("REQUEST_METHOD");
 	char *dir;
 	struct service_cmd *cmd = NULL;
 	char *cmd_arg = NULL;
 	int i;
+	struct strbuf hdr = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	git_setup_gettext();
-
-	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 	set_die_routine(die_webcgi);
+	set_die_is_recursing_routine(die_webcgi_recursing);
 
 	if (!method)
 		die("No REQUEST_METHOD from server");
@@ -586,18 +759,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		if (!regexec(&re, dir, 1, out, 0)) {
 			size_t n;
 
-			if (strcmp(method, c->method)) {
-				const char *proto = getenv("SERVER_PROTOCOL");
-				if (proto && !strcmp(proto, "HTTP/1.1")) {
-					http_status(405, "Method Not Allowed");
-					hdr_str("Allow", !strcmp(c->method, "GET") ?
-						"GET, HEAD" : c->method);
-				} else
-					http_status(400, "Bad Request");
-				hdr_nocache();
-				end_headers();
-				return 0;
-			}
+			if (strcmp(method, c->method))
+				return bad_request(&hdr, c);
 
 			cmd = c;
 			n = out[0].rm_eo - out[0].rm_so;
@@ -609,16 +772,19 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	}
 
 	if (!cmd)
-		not_found("Request not supported: '%s'", dir);
+		not_found(&hdr, "Request not supported: '%s'", dir);
 
 	setup_path();
 	if (!enter_repo(dir, 0))
-		not_found("Not a git repository: '%s'", dir);
+		not_found(&hdr, "Not a git repository: '%s'", dir);
 	if (!getenv("GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL") &&
 	    access("git-daemon-export-ok", F_OK) )
-		not_found("Repository not exported: '%s'", dir);
+		not_found(&hdr, "Repository not exported: '%s'", dir);
 
 	http_config();
-	cmd->imp(cmd_arg);
+	max_request_buffer = git_env_ulong("GIT_HTTP_MAX_REQUEST_BUFFER",
+					   max_request_buffer);
+
+	cmd->imp(&hdr, cmd_arg);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/http-fetch.c b/http-fetch.c
index ba3ea10670..a32ac118d9 100644
--- a/http-fetch.c
+++ b/http-fetch.c
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "http.h"
 #include "walker.h"
 
 static const char http_fetch_usage[] = "git http-fetch "
 "[-c] [-t] [-a] [-v] [--recover] [-w ref] [--stdin] commit-id url";
 
-int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	struct walker *walker;
 	int commits_on_stdin = 0;
@@ -16,25 +17,13 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 	char *url = NULL;
 	int arg = 1;
 	int rc = 0;
-	int get_tree = 0;
-	int get_history = 0;
-	int get_all = 0;
 	int get_verbosely = 0;
 	int get_recover = 0;
 
-	git_setup_gettext();
-
-	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
-
 	while (arg < argc && argv[arg][0] == '-') {
 		if (argv[arg][1] == 't') {
-			get_tree = 1;
 		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'c') {
-			get_history = 1;
 		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'a') {
-			get_all = 1;
-			get_tree = 1;
-			get_history = 1;
 		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'v') {
 			get_verbosely = 1;
 		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'w') {
@@ -58,10 +47,6 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 		commits = 1;
 	}
 
-	if (get_all == 0)
-		warning("http-fetch: use without -a is deprecated.\n"
-			"In a future release, -a will become the default.");
-
 	if (argv[arg])
 		str_end_url_with_slash(argv[arg], &url);
 
@@ -71,9 +56,6 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 
 	http_init(NULL, url, 0);
 	walker = get_http_walker(url);
-	walker->get_tree = get_tree;
-	walker->get_history = get_history;
-	walker->get_all = get_all;
 	walker->get_verbosely = get_verbosely;
 	walker->get_recover = get_recover;
 
diff --git a/http-push.c b/http-push.c
index bfb1c9605b..5eaf551b51 100644
--- a/http-push.c
+++ b/http-push.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "blob.h"
@@ -6,10 +7,14 @@
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "list-objects.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+
 
 #ifdef EXPAT_NEEDS_XMLPARSE_H
 #include <xmlparse.h>
@@ -210,7 +215,7 @@ static void curl_setup_http(CURL *curl, const char *url,
 static struct curl_slist *get_dav_token_headers(struct remote_lock *lock, enum dav_header_flag options)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
+	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = http_copy_default_headers();
 
 	if (options & DAV_HEADER_IF) {
 		strbuf_addf(&buf, "If: (<%s>)", lock->token);
@@ -250,7 +255,7 @@ static void start_fetch_loose(struct transfer_request *request)
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct http_object_request *obj_req;
 
-	obj_req = new_http_object_request(repo->url, request->obj->sha1);
+	obj_req = new_http_object_request(repo->url, request->obj->oid.hash);
 	if (obj_req == NULL) {
 		request->state = ABORTED;
 		return;
@@ -274,7 +279,7 @@ static void start_fetch_loose(struct transfer_request *request)
 
 static void start_mkcol(struct transfer_request *request)
 {
-	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1);
+	char *hex = oid_to_hex(&request->obj->oid);
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 
 	request->url = get_remote_object_url(repo->url, hex, 1);
@@ -290,8 +295,7 @@ static void start_mkcol(struct transfer_request *request)
 		request->state = RUN_MKCOL;
 	} else {
 		request->state = ABORTED;
-		free(request->url);
-		request->url = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(request->url);
 	}
 }
 #endif
@@ -303,20 +307,19 @@ static void start_fetch_packed(struct transfer_request *request)
 	struct transfer_request *check_request = request_queue_head;
 	struct http_pack_request *preq;
 
-	target = find_sha1_pack(request->obj->sha1, repo->packs);
+	target = find_sha1_pack(request->obj->oid.hash, repo->packs);
 	if (!target) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to fetch %s, will not be able to update server info refs\n", sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1));
+		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to fetch %s, will not be able to update server info refs\n", oid_to_hex(&request->obj->oid));
 		repo->can_update_info_refs = 0;
 		release_request(request);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	fprintf(stderr,	"Fetching pack %s\n", sha1_to_hex(target->sha1));
-	fprintf(stderr, " which contains %s\n", sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1));
+	fprintf(stderr, " which contains %s\n", oid_to_hex(&request->obj->oid));
 
 	preq = new_http_pack_request(target, repo->url);
 	if (preq == NULL) {
-		release_http_pack_request(preq);
 		repo->can_update_info_refs = 0;
 		return;
 	}
@@ -350,7 +353,7 @@ static void start_fetch_packed(struct transfer_request *request)
 
 static void start_put(struct transfer_request *request)
 {
-	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1);
+	char *hex = oid_to_hex(&request->obj->oid);
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	enum object_type type;
@@ -361,8 +364,8 @@ static void start_put(struct transfer_request *request)
 	ssize_t size;
 	git_zstream stream;
 
-	unpacked = read_sha1_file(request->obj->sha1, &type, &len);
-	hdrlen = sprintf(hdr, "%s %lu", typename(type), len) + 1;
+	unpacked = read_object_file(&request->obj->oid, &type, &len);
+	hdrlen = xsnprintf(hdr, sizeof(hdr), "%s %lu", type_name(type), len) + 1;
 
 	/* Set it up */
 	git_deflate_init(&stream, zlib_compression_level);
@@ -409,15 +412,14 @@ static void start_put(struct transfer_request *request)
 		request->state = RUN_PUT;
 	} else {
 		request->state = ABORTED;
-		free(request->url);
-		request->url = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(request->url);
 	}
 }
 
 static void start_move(struct transfer_request *request)
 {
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
+	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = http_copy_default_headers();
 
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->callback_func = process_response;
@@ -432,8 +434,7 @@ static void start_move(struct transfer_request *request)
 		request->state = RUN_MOVE;
 	} else {
 		request->state = ABORTED;
-		free(request->url);
-		request->url = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(request->url);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -526,18 +527,17 @@ static void finish_request(struct transfer_request *request)
 
 	/* URL is reused for MOVE after PUT */
 	if (request->state != RUN_PUT) {
-		free(request->url);
-		request->url = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(request->url);
 	}
 
 	if (request->state == RUN_MKCOL) {
 		if (request->curl_result == CURLE_OK ||
 		    request->http_code == 405) {
-			remote_dir_exists[request->obj->sha1[0]] = 1;
+			remote_dir_exists[request->obj->oid.hash[0]] = 1;
 			start_put(request);
 		} else {
 			fprintf(stderr, "MKCOL %s failed, aborting (%d/%ld)\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1),
+				oid_to_hex(&request->obj->oid),
 				request->curl_result, request->http_code);
 			request->state = ABORTED;
 			aborted = 1;
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ static void finish_request(struct transfer_request *request)
 			start_move(request);
 		} else {
 			fprintf(stderr,	"PUT %s failed, aborting (%d/%ld)\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1),
+				oid_to_hex(&request->obj->oid),
 				request->curl_result, request->http_code);
 			request->state = ABORTED;
 			aborted = 1;
@@ -556,12 +556,12 @@ static void finish_request(struct transfer_request *request)
 		if (request->curl_result == CURLE_OK) {
 			if (push_verbosely)
 				fprintf(stderr, "    sent %s\n",
-					sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1));
+					oid_to_hex(&request->obj->oid));
 			request->obj->flags |= REMOTE;
 			release_request(request);
 		} else {
 			fprintf(stderr, "MOVE %s failed, aborting (%d/%ld)\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1),
+				oid_to_hex(&request->obj->oid),
 				request->curl_result, request->http_code);
 			request->state = ABORTED;
 			aborted = 1;
@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ static int fill_active_slot(void *unused)
 			start_fetch_loose(request);
 			return 1;
 		} else if (pushing && request->state == NEED_PUSH) {
-			if (remote_dir_exists[request->obj->sha1[0]] == 1) {
+			if (remote_dir_exists[request->obj->oid.hash[0]] == 1) {
 				start_put(request);
 			} else {
 				start_mkcol(request);
@@ -638,8 +638,8 @@ static void add_fetch_request(struct object *obj)
 	 * Don't fetch the object if it's known to exist locally
 	 * or is already in the request queue
 	 */
-	if (remote_dir_exists[obj->sha1[0]] == -1)
-		get_remote_object_list(obj->sha1[0]);
+	if (remote_dir_exists[obj->oid.hash[0]] == -1)
+		get_remote_object_list(obj->oid.hash[0]);
 	if (obj->flags & (LOCAL | FETCHING))
 		return;
 
@@ -671,11 +671,11 @@ static int add_send_request(struct object *obj, struct remote_lock *lock)
 	 * Don't push the object if it's known to exist on the remote
 	 * or is already in the request queue
 	 */
-	if (remote_dir_exists[obj->sha1[0]] == -1)
-		get_remote_object_list(obj->sha1[0]);
+	if (remote_dir_exists[obj->oid.hash[0]] == -1)
+		get_remote_object_list(obj->oid.hash[0]);
 	if (obj->flags & (REMOTE | PUSHING))
 		return 0;
-	target = find_sha1_pack(obj->sha1, repo->packs);
+	target = find_sha1_pack(obj->oid.hash, repo->packs);
 	if (target) {
 		obj->flags |= REMOTE;
 		return 0;
@@ -718,13 +718,13 @@ static int fetch_indices(void)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static void one_remote_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static void one_remote_object(const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct object *obj;
 
-	obj = lookup_object(sha1);
+	obj = lookup_object(the_repository, oid->hash);
 	if (!obj)
-		obj = parse_object(sha1);
+		obj = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
 
 	/* Ignore remote objects that don't exist locally */
 	if (!obj)
@@ -787,24 +787,23 @@ xml_start_tag(void *userData, const char *name, const char **atts)
 {
 	struct xml_ctx *ctx = (struct xml_ctx *)userData;
 	const char *c = strchr(name, ':');
-	int new_len;
+	int old_namelen, new_len;
 
 	if (c == NULL)
 		c = name;
 	else
 		c++;
 
-	new_len = strlen(ctx->name) + strlen(c) + 2;
+	old_namelen = strlen(ctx->name);
+	new_len = old_namelen + strlen(c) + 2;
 
 	if (new_len > ctx->len) {
 		ctx->name = xrealloc(ctx->name, new_len);
 		ctx->len = new_len;
 	}
-	strcat(ctx->name, ".");
-	strcat(ctx->name, c);
+	xsnprintf(ctx->name + old_namelen, ctx->len - old_namelen, ".%s", c);
 
-	free(ctx->cdata);
-	ctx->cdata = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(ctx->cdata);
 
 	ctx->userFunc(ctx, 0);
 }
@@ -845,7 +844,7 @@ static struct remote_lock *lock_remote(const char *path, long timeout)
 	char *ep;
 	char timeout_header[25];
 	struct remote_lock *lock = NULL;
-	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
+	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = http_copy_default_headers();
 	struct xml_ctx ctx;
 	char *escaped;
 
@@ -882,7 +881,7 @@ static struct remote_lock *lock_remote(const char *path, long timeout)
 	strbuf_addf(&out_buffer.buf, LOCK_REQUEST, escaped);
 	free(escaped);
 
-	sprintf(timeout_header, "Timeout: Second-%ld", timeout);
+	xsnprintf(timeout_header, sizeof(timeout_header), "Timeout: Second-%ld", timeout);
 	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, timeout_header);
 	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, "Content-Type: text/xml");
 
@@ -919,6 +918,10 @@ static struct remote_lock *lock_remote(const char *path, long timeout)
 				lock->timeout = -1;
 			}
 			XML_ParserFree(parser);
+		} else {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"error: curl result=%d, HTTP code=%ld\n",
+				results.curl_result, results.http_code);
 		}
 	} else {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to start LOCK request\n");
@@ -932,8 +935,7 @@ static struct remote_lock *lock_remote(const char *path, long timeout)
 		free(lock->token);
 		free(lock->owner);
 		free(url);
-		free(lock);
-		lock = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(lock);
 	} else {
 		lock->url = url;
 		lock->start_time = time(NULL);
@@ -1012,27 +1014,25 @@ static void remote_ls(const char *path, int flags,
 		      void (*userFunc)(struct remote_ls_ctx *ls),
 		      void *userData);
 
-/* extract hex from sharded "xx/x{40}" filename */
-static int get_sha1_hex_from_objpath(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1)
+/* extract hex from sharded "xx/x{38}" filename */
+static int get_oid_hex_from_objpath(const char *path, struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	char hex[40];
-
-	if (strlen(path) != 41)
+	if (strlen(path) != GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1)
 		return -1;
 
-	memcpy(hex, path, 2);
+	if (hex_to_bytes(oid->hash, path, 1))
+		return -1;
 	path += 2;
 	path++; /* skip '/' */
-	memcpy(hex, path, 38);
 
-	return get_sha1_hex(hex, sha1);
+	return hex_to_bytes(oid->hash + 1, path, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ - 1);
 }
 
 static void process_ls_object(struct remote_ls_ctx *ls)
 {
 	unsigned int *parent = (unsigned int *)ls->userData;
 	const char *path = ls->dentry_name;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 
 	if (!strcmp(ls->path, ls->dentry_name) && (ls->flags & IS_DIR)) {
 		remote_dir_exists[*parent] = 1;
@@ -1040,10 +1040,10 @@ static void process_ls_object(struct remote_ls_ctx *ls)
 	}
 
 	if (!skip_prefix(path, "objects/", &path) ||
-	    get_sha1_hex_from_objpath(path, sha1))
+	    get_oid_hex_from_objpath(path, &oid))
 		return;
 
-	one_remote_object(sha1);
+	one_remote_object(&oid);
 }
 
 static void process_ls_ref(struct remote_ls_ctx *ls)
@@ -1105,8 +1105,7 @@ static void handle_remote_ls_ctx(struct xml_ctx *ctx, int tag_closed)
 			ls->dentry_flags |= IS_DIR;
 		}
 	} else if (!strcmp(ctx->name, DAV_PROPFIND_RESP)) {
-		free(ls->dentry_name);
-		ls->dentry_name = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(ls->dentry_name);
 		ls->dentry_flags = 0;
 	}
 }
@@ -1126,7 +1125,7 @@ static void remote_ls(const char *path, int flags,
 	struct slot_results results;
 	struct strbuf in_buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct buffer out_buffer = { STRBUF_INIT, 0 };
-	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
+	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = http_copy_default_headers();
 	struct xml_ctx ctx;
 	struct remote_ls_ctx ls;
 
@@ -1137,7 +1136,7 @@ static void remote_ls(const char *path, int flags,
 	ls.userData = userData;
 	ls.userFunc = userFunc;
 
-	strbuf_addf(&out_buffer.buf, PROPFIND_ALL_REQUEST);
+	strbuf_addstr(&out_buffer.buf, PROPFIND_ALL_REQUEST);
 
 	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, "Depth: 1");
 	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, "Content-Type: text/xml");
@@ -1204,7 +1203,7 @@ static int locking_available(void)
 	struct slot_results results;
 	struct strbuf in_buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct buffer out_buffer = { STRBUF_INIT, 0 };
-	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
+	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = http_copy_default_headers();
 	struct xml_ctx ctx;
 	int lock_flags = 0;
 	char *escaped;
@@ -1277,9 +1276,7 @@ static struct object_list **add_one_object(struct object *obj, struct object_lis
 }
 
 static struct object_list **process_blob(struct blob *blob,
-					 struct object_list **p,
-					 struct name_path *path,
-					 const char *name)
+					 struct object_list **p)
 {
 	struct object *obj = &blob->object;
 
@@ -1293,38 +1290,33 @@ static struct object_list **process_blob(struct blob *blob,
 }
 
 static struct object_list **process_tree(struct tree *tree,
-					 struct object_list **p,
-					 struct name_path *path,
-					 const char *name)
+					 struct object_list **p)
 {
 	struct object *obj = &tree->object;
 	struct tree_desc desc;
 	struct name_entry entry;
-	struct name_path me;
 
 	obj->flags |= LOCAL;
 
 	if (obj->flags & (UNINTERESTING | SEEN))
 		return p;
 	if (parse_tree(tree) < 0)
-		die("bad tree object %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+		die("bad tree object %s", oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
 
 	obj->flags |= SEEN;
-	name = xstrdup(name);
 	p = add_one_object(obj, p);
-	me.up = path;
-	me.elem = name;
-	me.elem_len = strlen(name);
 
 	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 
 	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry))
 		switch (object_type(entry.mode)) {
 		case OBJ_TREE:
-			p = process_tree(lookup_tree(entry.sha1), p, &me, name);
+			p = process_tree(lookup_tree(the_repository, entry.oid),
+					 p);
 			break;
 		case OBJ_BLOB:
-			p = process_blob(lookup_blob(entry.sha1), p, &me, name);
+			p = process_blob(lookup_blob(the_repository, entry.oid),
+					 p);
 			break;
 		default:
 			/* Subproject commit - not in this repository */
@@ -1343,7 +1335,7 @@ static int get_delta(struct rev_info *revs, struct remote_lock *lock)
 	int count = 0;
 
 	while ((commit = get_revision(revs)) != NULL) {
-		p = process_tree(commit->tree, p, NULL, "");
+		p = process_tree(get_commit_tree(commit), p);
 		commit->object.flags |= LOCAL;
 		if (!(commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING))
 			count += add_send_request(&commit->object, lock);
@@ -1362,14 +1354,14 @@ static int get_delta(struct rev_info *revs, struct remote_lock *lock)
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
-			p = process_tree((struct tree *)obj, p, NULL, name);
+			p = process_tree((struct tree *)obj, p);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB) {
-			p = process_blob((struct blob *)obj, p, NULL, name);
+			p = process_blob((struct blob *)obj, p);
 			continue;
 		}
-		die("unknown pending object %s (%s)", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1), name);
+		die("unknown pending object %s (%s)", oid_to_hex(&obj->oid), name);
 	}
 
 	while (objects) {
@@ -1438,13 +1430,11 @@ static void one_remote_ref(const char *refname)
 	 * Fetch a copy of the object if it doesn't exist locally - it
 	 * may be required for updating server info later.
 	 */
-	if (repo->can_update_info_refs && !has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1)) {
-		obj = lookup_unknown_object(ref->old_sha1);
-		if (obj) {
-			fprintf(stderr,	"  fetch %s for %s\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), refname);
-			add_fetch_request(obj);
-		}
+	if (repo->can_update_info_refs && !has_object_file(&ref->old_oid)) {
+		obj = lookup_unknown_object(ref->old_oid.hash);
+		fprintf(stderr,	"  fetch %s for %s\n",
+			oid_to_hex(&ref->old_oid), refname);
+		add_fetch_request(obj);
 	}
 
 	ref->next = remote_refs;
@@ -1460,8 +1450,6 @@ static void add_remote_info_ref(struct remote_ls_ctx *ls)
 {
 	struct strbuf *buf = (struct strbuf *)ls->userData;
 	struct object *o;
-	int len;
-	char *ref_info;
 	struct ref *ref;
 
 	ref = alloc_ref(ls->dentry_name);
@@ -1475,33 +1463,24 @@ static void add_remote_info_ref(struct remote_ls_ctx *ls)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	o = parse_object(ref->old_sha1);
+	o = parse_object(the_repository, &ref->old_oid);
 	if (!o) {
 		fprintf(stderr,
 			"Unable to parse object %s for remote ref %s\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), ls->dentry_name);
+			oid_to_hex(&ref->old_oid), ls->dentry_name);
 		aborted = 1;
 		free(ref);
 		return;
 	}
 
-	len = strlen(ls->dentry_name) + 42;
-	ref_info = xcalloc(len + 1, 1);
-	sprintf(ref_info, "%s	%s\n",
-		sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), ls->dentry_name);
-	fwrite_buffer(ref_info, 1, len, buf);
-	free(ref_info);
+	strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\t%s\n",
+		    oid_to_hex(&ref->old_oid), ls->dentry_name);
 
 	if (o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
-		o = deref_tag(o, ls->dentry_name, 0);
-		if (o) {
-			len = strlen(ls->dentry_name) + 45;
-			ref_info = xcalloc(len + 1, 1);
-			sprintf(ref_info, "%s	%s^{}\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(o->sha1), ls->dentry_name);
-			fwrite_buffer(ref_info, 1, len, buf);
-			free(ref_info);
-		}
+		o = deref_tag(the_repository, o, ls->dentry_name, 0);
+		if (o)
+			strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\t%s^{}\n",
+				    oid_to_hex(&o->oid), ls->dentry_name);
 	}
 	free(ref);
 }
@@ -1551,6 +1530,7 @@ static int remote_exists(const char *path)
 		break;
 	case HTTP_ERROR:
 		error("unable to access '%s': %s", url, curl_errorstr);
+		/* fallthrough */
 	default:
 		ret = -1;
 	}
@@ -1558,7 +1538,7 @@ static int remote_exists(const char *path)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static void fetch_symref(const char *path, char **symref, unsigned char *sha1)
+static void fetch_symref(const char *path, char **symref, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	char *url = xstrfmt("%s%s", repo->url, path);
 	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -1569,9 +1549,8 @@ static void fetch_symref(const char *path, char **symref, unsigned char *sha1)
 		    curl_errorstr);
 	free(url);
 
-	free(*symref);
-	*symref = NULL;
-	hashclr(sha1);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(*symref);
+	oidclr(oid);
 
 	if (buffer.len == 0)
 		return;
@@ -1583,16 +1562,17 @@ static void fetch_symref(const char *path, char **symref, unsigned char *sha1)
 	if (skip_prefix(buffer.buf, "ref: ", &name)) {
 		*symref = xmemdupz(name, buffer.len - (name - buffer.buf));
 	} else {
-		get_sha1_hex(buffer.buf, sha1);
+		get_oid_hex(buffer.buf, oid);
 	}
 
 	strbuf_release(&buffer);
 }
 
-static int verify_merge_base(unsigned char *head_sha1, struct ref *remote)
+static int verify_merge_base(struct object_id *head_oid, struct ref *remote)
 {
-	struct commit *head = lookup_commit_or_die(head_sha1, "HEAD");
-	struct commit *branch = lookup_commit_or_die(remote->old_sha1, remote->name);
+	struct commit *head = lookup_commit_or_die(head_oid, "HEAD");
+	struct commit *branch = lookup_commit_or_die(&remote->old_oid,
+						     remote->name);
 
 	return in_merge_bases(branch, head);
 }
@@ -1601,7 +1581,7 @@ static int delete_remote_branch(const char *pattern, int force)
 {
 	struct ref *refs = remote_refs;
 	struct ref *remote_ref = NULL;
-	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id head_oid;
 	char *symref = NULL;
 	int match;
 	int patlen = strlen(pattern);
@@ -1632,7 +1612,7 @@ static int delete_remote_branch(const char *pattern, int force)
 	 * Remote HEAD must be a symref (not exactly foolproof; a remote
 	 * symlink to a symref will look like a symref)
 	 */
-	fetch_symref("HEAD", &symref, head_sha1);
+	fetch_symref("HEAD", &symref, &head_oid);
 	if (!symref)
 		return error("Remote HEAD is not a symref");
 
@@ -1641,7 +1621,7 @@ static int delete_remote_branch(const char *pattern, int force)
 		if (!strcmp(remote_ref->name, symref))
 			return error("Remote branch %s is the current HEAD",
 				     remote_ref->name);
-		fetch_symref(symref, &symref, head_sha1);
+		fetch_symref(symref, &symref, &head_oid);
 	}
 
 	/* Run extra sanity checks if delete is not forced */
@@ -1649,20 +1629,20 @@ static int delete_remote_branch(const char *pattern, int force)
 		/* Remote HEAD must resolve to a known object */
 		if (symref)
 			return error("Remote HEAD symrefs too deep");
-		if (is_null_sha1(head_sha1))
+		if (is_null_oid(&head_oid))
 			return error("Unable to resolve remote HEAD");
-		if (!has_sha1_file(head_sha1))
-			return error("Remote HEAD resolves to object %s\nwhich does not exist locally, perhaps you need to fetch?", sha1_to_hex(head_sha1));
+		if (!has_object_file(&head_oid))
+			return error("Remote HEAD resolves to object %s\nwhich does not exist locally, perhaps you need to fetch?", oid_to_hex(&head_oid));
 
 		/* Remote branch must resolve to a known object */
-		if (is_null_sha1(remote_ref->old_sha1))
+		if (is_null_oid(&remote_ref->old_oid))
 			return error("Unable to resolve remote branch %s",
 				     remote_ref->name);
-		if (!has_sha1_file(remote_ref->old_sha1))
-			return error("Remote branch %s resolves to object %s\nwhich does not exist locally, perhaps you need to fetch?", remote_ref->name, sha1_to_hex(remote_ref->old_sha1));
+		if (!has_object_file(&remote_ref->old_oid))
+			return error("Remote branch %s resolves to object %s\nwhich does not exist locally, perhaps you need to fetch?", remote_ref->name, oid_to_hex(&remote_ref->old_oid));
 
 		/* Remote branch must be an ancestor of remote HEAD */
-		if (!verify_merge_base(head_sha1, remote_ref)) {
+		if (!verify_merge_base(&head_oid, remote_ref)) {
 			return error("The branch '%s' is not an ancestor "
 				     "of your current HEAD.\n"
 				     "If you are sure you want to delete it,"
@@ -1712,12 +1692,11 @@ static void run_request_queue(void)
 #endif
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	struct transfer_request *request;
 	struct transfer_request *next_request;
-	int nr_refspec = 0;
-	char **refspec = NULL;
+	struct refspec rs = REFSPEC_INIT_PUSH;
 	struct remote_lock *ref_lock = NULL;
 	struct remote_lock *info_ref_lock = NULL;
 	struct rev_info revs;
@@ -1729,15 +1708,11 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	int new_refs;
 	struct ref *ref, *local_refs;
 
-	git_setup_gettext();
-
-	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
-
 	repo = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*repo));
 
 	argv++;
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++, argv++) {
-		char *arg = *argv;
+		const char *arg = *argv;
 
 		if (*arg == '-') {
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--all")) {
@@ -1784,8 +1759,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			}
 			continue;
 		}
-		refspec = argv;
-		nr_refspec = argc - i;
+		refspec_appendn(&rs, argv, argc - i);
 		break;
 	}
 
@@ -1796,7 +1770,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	if (!repo->url)
 		usage(http_push_usage);
 
-	if (delete_branch && nr_refspec != 1)
+	if (delete_branch && rs.nr != 1)
 		die("You must specify only one branch name when deleting a remote branch");
 
 	setup_git_directory();
@@ -1842,18 +1816,18 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
 	/* Remove a remote branch if -d or -D was specified */
 	if (delete_branch) {
-		if (delete_remote_branch(refspec[0], force_delete) == -1) {
+		const char *branch = rs.items[i].src;
+		if (delete_remote_branch(branch, force_delete) == -1) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Unable to delete remote branch %s\n",
-				refspec[0]);
+				branch);
 			if (helper_status)
-				printf("error %s cannot remove\n", refspec[0]);
+				printf("error %s cannot remove\n", branch);
 		}
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
 
 	/* match them up */
-	if (match_push_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs,
-			    nr_refspec, (const char **) refspec, push_all)) {
+	if (match_push_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs, &rs, push_all)) {
 		rc = -1;
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
@@ -1867,15 +1841,12 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
 	new_refs = 0;
 	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
-		char old_hex[60], *new_hex;
-		const char *commit_argv[5];
-		int commit_argc;
-		char *new_sha1_hex, *old_sha1_hex;
+		struct argv_array commit_argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 
 		if (!ref->peer_ref)
 			continue;
 
-		if (is_null_sha1(ref->peer_ref->new_sha1)) {
+		if (is_null_oid(&ref->peer_ref->new_oid)) {
 			if (delete_remote_branch(ref->name, 1) == -1) {
 				error("Could not remove %s", ref->name);
 				if (helper_status)
@@ -1888,7 +1859,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (!hashcmp(ref->old_sha1, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1)) {
+		if (!oidcmp(&ref->old_oid, &ref->peer_ref->new_oid)) {
 			if (push_verbosely)
 				fprintf(stderr, "'%s': up-to-date\n", ref->name);
 			if (helper_status)
@@ -1897,11 +1868,11 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		}
 
 		if (!force_all &&
-		    !is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1) &&
+		    !is_null_oid(&ref->old_oid) &&
 		    !ref->force) {
-			if (!has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1) ||
-			    !ref_newer(ref->peer_ref->new_sha1,
-				       ref->old_sha1)) {
+			if (!has_object_file(&ref->old_oid) ||
+			    !ref_newer(&ref->peer_ref->new_oid,
+				       &ref->old_oid)) {
 				/*
 				 * We do not have the remote ref, or
 				 * we know that the remote ref is not
@@ -1922,15 +1893,14 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 				continue;
 			}
 		}
-		hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1);
+		oidcpy(&ref->new_oid, &ref->peer_ref->new_oid);
 		new_refs++;
-		strcpy(old_hex, sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1));
-		new_hex = sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1);
 
 		fprintf(stderr, "updating '%s'", ref->name);
 		if (strcmp(ref->name, ref->peer_ref->name))
 			fprintf(stderr, " using '%s'", ref->peer_ref->name);
-		fprintf(stderr, "\n  from %s\n  to   %s\n", old_hex, new_hex);
+		fprintf(stderr, "\n  from %s\n  to   %s\n",
+			oid_to_hex(&ref->old_oid), oid_to_hex(&ref->new_oid));
 		if (dry_run) {
 			if (helper_status)
 				printf("ok %s\n", ref->name);
@@ -1949,27 +1919,15 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		}
 
 		/* Set up revision info for this refspec */
-		commit_argc = 3;
-		new_sha1_hex = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1));
-		old_sha1_hex = NULL;
-		commit_argv[1] = "--objects";
-		commit_argv[2] = new_sha1_hex;
-		if (!push_all && !is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1)) {
-			old_sha1_hex = xmalloc(42);
-			sprintf(old_sha1_hex, "^%s",
-				sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1));
-			commit_argv[3] = old_sha1_hex;
-			commit_argc++;
-		}
-		commit_argv[commit_argc] = NULL;
+		argv_array_push(&commit_argv, ""); /* ignored */
+		argv_array_push(&commit_argv, "--objects");
+		argv_array_push(&commit_argv, oid_to_hex(&ref->new_oid));
+		if (!push_all && !is_null_oid(&ref->old_oid))
+			argv_array_pushf(&commit_argv, "^%s",
+					 oid_to_hex(&ref->old_oid));
 		init_revisions(&revs, setup_git_directory());
-		setup_revisions(commit_argc, commit_argv, &revs, NULL);
+		setup_revisions(commit_argv.argc, commit_argv.argv, &revs, NULL);
 		revs.edge_hint = 0; /* just in case */
-		free(new_sha1_hex);
-		if (old_sha1_hex) {
-			free(old_sha1_hex);
-			commit_argv[1] = NULL;
-		}
 
 		/* Generate a list of objects that need to be pushed */
 		pushing = 0;
@@ -1989,7 +1947,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		run_request_queue();
 
 		/* Update the remote branch if all went well */
-		if (aborted || !update_remote(ref->new_sha1, ref_lock))
+		if (aborted || !update_remote(ref->new_oid.hash, ref_lock))
 			rc = 1;
 
 		if (!rc)
@@ -1998,6 +1956,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			printf("%s %s\n", !rc ? "ok" : "error", ref->name);
 		unlock_remote(ref_lock);
 		check_locks();
+		argv_array_clear(&commit_argv);
 	}
 
 	/* Update remote server info if appropriate */
diff --git a/http-walker.c b/http-walker.c
index 88da5468e7..7cdfb2f24c 100644
--- a/http-walker.c
+++ b/http-walker.c
@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "walker.h"
 #include "http.h"
+#include "list.h"
+#include "transport.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 struct alt_base {
 	char *base;
@@ -19,17 +24,17 @@ enum object_request_state {
 
 struct object_request {
 	struct walker *walker;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct alt_base *repo;
 	enum object_request_state state;
 	struct http_object_request *req;
-	struct object_request *next;
+	struct list_head node;
 };
 
 struct alternates_request {
 	struct walker *walker;
 	const char *base;
-	char *url;
+	struct strbuf *url;
 	struct strbuf *buffer;
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	int http_specific;
@@ -41,7 +46,7 @@ struct walker_data {
 	struct alt_base *alt;
 };
 
-static struct object_request *object_queue_head;
+static LIST_HEAD(object_queue_head);
 
 static void fetch_alternates(struct walker *walker, const char *base);
 
@@ -53,7 +58,7 @@ static void start_object_request(struct walker *walker,
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct http_object_request *req;
 
-	req = new_http_object_request(obj_req->repo->base, obj_req->sha1);
+	req = new_http_object_request(obj_req->repo->base, obj_req->oid.hash);
 	if (req == NULL) {
 		obj_req->state = ABORTED;
 		return;
@@ -79,7 +84,7 @@ static void finish_object_request(struct object_request *obj_req)
 		return;
 
 	if (obj_req->req->rename == 0)
-		walker_say(obj_req->walker, "got %s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj_req->sha1));
+		walker_say(obj_req->walker, "got %s\n", oid_to_hex(&obj_req->oid));
 }
 
 static void process_object_response(void *callback_data)
@@ -110,19 +115,10 @@ static void process_object_response(void *callback_data)
 
 static void release_object_request(struct object_request *obj_req)
 {
-	struct object_request *entry = object_queue_head;
-
 	if (obj_req->req !=NULL && obj_req->req->localfile != -1)
 		error("fd leakage in release: %d", obj_req->req->localfile);
-	if (obj_req == object_queue_head) {
-		object_queue_head = obj_req->next;
-	} else {
-		while (entry->next != NULL && entry->next != obj_req)
-			entry = entry->next;
-		if (entry->next == obj_req)
-			entry->next = entry->next->next;
-	}
 
+	list_del(&obj_req->node);
 	free(obj_req);
 }
 
@@ -130,10 +126,12 @@ static void release_object_request(struct object_request *obj_req)
 static int fill_active_slot(struct walker *walker)
 {
 	struct object_request *obj_req;
+	struct list_head *pos, *tmp, *head = &object_queue_head;
 
-	for (obj_req = object_queue_head; obj_req; obj_req = obj_req->next) {
+	list_for_each_safe(pos, tmp, head) {
+		obj_req = list_entry(pos, struct object_request, node);
 		if (obj_req->state == WAITING) {
-			if (has_sha1_file(obj_req->sha1))
+			if (has_sha1_file(obj_req->oid.hash))
 				obj_req->state = COMPLETE;
 			else {
 				start_object_request(walker, obj_req);
@@ -148,27 +146,17 @@ static int fill_active_slot(struct walker *walker)
 static void prefetch(struct walker *walker, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct object_request *newreq;
-	struct object_request *tail;
 	struct walker_data *data = walker->data;
 
 	newreq = xmalloc(sizeof(*newreq));
 	newreq->walker = walker;
-	hashcpy(newreq->sha1, sha1);
+	hashcpy(newreq->oid.hash, sha1);
 	newreq->repo = data->alt;
 	newreq->state = WAITING;
 	newreq->req = NULL;
-	newreq->next = NULL;
 
 	http_is_verbose = walker->get_verbosely;
-
-	if (object_queue_head == NULL) {
-		object_queue_head = newreq;
-	} else {
-		tail = object_queue_head;
-		while (tail->next != NULL)
-			tail = tail->next;
-		tail->next = newreq;
-	}
+	list_add_tail(&newreq->node, &object_queue_head);
 
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
 	fill_active_slots();
@@ -176,6 +164,37 @@ static void prefetch(struct walker *walker, unsigned char *sha1)
 #endif
 }
 
+static int is_alternate_allowed(const char *url)
+{
+	const char *protocols[] = {
+		"http", "https", "ftp", "ftps"
+	};
+	int i;
+
+	if (http_follow_config != HTTP_FOLLOW_ALWAYS) {
+		warning("alternate disabled by http.followRedirects: %s", url);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(protocols); i++) {
+		const char *end;
+		if (skip_prefix(url, protocols[i], &end) &&
+		    starts_with(end, "://"))
+			break;
+	}
+
+	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(protocols)) {
+		warning("ignoring alternate with unknown protocol: %s", url);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!is_transport_allowed(protocols[i], 0)) {
+		warning("ignoring alternate with restricted protocol: %s", url);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
 static void process_alternates_response(void *callback_data)
 {
 	struct alternates_request *alt_req =
@@ -195,10 +214,11 @@ static void process_alternates_response(void *callback_data)
 
 			/* Try reusing the slot to get non-http alternates */
 			alt_req->http_specific = 0;
-			sprintf(alt_req->url, "%s/objects/info/alternates",
-				base);
+			strbuf_reset(alt_req->url);
+			strbuf_addf(alt_req->url, "%s/objects/info/alternates",
+				    base);
 			curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL,
-					 alt_req->url);
+					 alt_req->url->buf);
 			active_requests++;
 			slot->in_use = 1;
 			if (slot->finished != NULL)
@@ -284,23 +304,30 @@ static void process_alternates_response(void *callback_data)
 					okay = 1;
 				}
 			}
-			/* skip "objects\n" at end */
 			if (okay) {
 				struct strbuf target = STRBUF_INIT;
 				strbuf_add(&target, base, serverlen);
-				strbuf_add(&target, data + i, posn - i - 7);
-				if (walker->get_verbosely)
-					fprintf(stderr, "Also look at %s\n",
+				strbuf_add(&target, data + i, posn - i);
+				if (!strbuf_strip_suffix(&target, "objects")) {
+					warning("ignoring alternate that does"
+						" not end in 'objects': %s",
+						target.buf);
+					strbuf_release(&target);
+				} else if (is_alternate_allowed(target.buf)) {
+					warning("adding alternate object store: %s",
 						target.buf);
-				newalt = xmalloc(sizeof(*newalt));
-				newalt->next = NULL;
-				newalt->base = strbuf_detach(&target, NULL);
-				newalt->got_indices = 0;
-				newalt->packs = NULL;
-
-				while (tail->next != NULL)
-					tail = tail->next;
-				tail->next = newalt;
+					newalt = xmalloc(sizeof(*newalt));
+					newalt->next = NULL;
+					newalt->base = strbuf_detach(&target, NULL);
+					newalt->got_indices = 0;
+					newalt->packs = NULL;
+
+					while (tail->next != NULL)
+						tail = tail->next;
+					tail->next = newalt;
+				} else {
+					strbuf_release(&target);
+				}
 			}
 		}
 		i = posn + 1;
@@ -312,7 +339,7 @@ static void process_alternates_response(void *callback_data)
 static void fetch_alternates(struct walker *walker, const char *base)
 {
 	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
-	char *url;
+	struct strbuf url = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct alternates_request alt_req;
 	struct walker_data *cdata = walker->data;
@@ -338,7 +365,7 @@ static void fetch_alternates(struct walker *walker, const char *base)
 	if (walker->get_verbosely)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Getting alternates list for %s\n", base);
 
-	url = xstrfmt("%s/objects/info/http-alternates", base);
+	strbuf_addf(&url, "%s/objects/info/http-alternates", base);
 
 	/*
 	 * Use a callback to process the result, since another request
@@ -351,10 +378,10 @@ static void fetch_alternates(struct walker *walker, const char *base)
 
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &buffer);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url.buf);
 
 	alt_req.base = base;
-	alt_req.url = url;
+	alt_req.url = &url;
 	alt_req.buffer = &buffer;
 	alt_req.http_specific = 1;
 	alt_req.slot = slot;
@@ -365,7 +392,7 @@ static void fetch_alternates(struct walker *walker, const char *base)
 		cdata->got_alternates = -1;
 
 	strbuf_release(&buffer);
-	free(url);
+	strbuf_release(&url);
 }
 
 static int fetch_indices(struct walker *walker, struct alt_base *repo)
@@ -446,19 +473,23 @@ static void abort_object_request(struct object_request *obj_req)
 	release_object_request(obj_req);
 }
 
-static int fetch_object(struct walker *walker, struct alt_base *repo, unsigned char *sha1)
+static int fetch_object(struct walker *walker, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
 	int ret = 0;
-	struct object_request *obj_req = object_queue_head;
+	struct object_request *obj_req = NULL;
 	struct http_object_request *req;
+	struct list_head *pos, *head = &object_queue_head;
 
-	while (obj_req != NULL && hashcmp(obj_req->sha1, sha1))
-		obj_req = obj_req->next;
+	list_for_each(pos, head) {
+		obj_req = list_entry(pos, struct object_request, node);
+		if (!hashcmp(obj_req->oid.hash, sha1))
+			break;
+	}
 	if (obj_req == NULL)
 		return error("Couldn't find request for %s in the queue", hex);
 
-	if (has_sha1_file(obj_req->sha1)) {
+	if (has_sha1_file(obj_req->oid.hash)) {
 		if (obj_req->req != NULL)
 			abort_http_object_request(obj_req->req);
 		abort_object_request(obj_req);
@@ -487,6 +518,18 @@ static int fetch_object(struct walker *walker, struct alt_base *repo, unsigned c
 		req->localfile = -1;
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * we turned off CURLOPT_FAILONERROR to avoid losing a
+	 * persistent connection and got CURLE_OK.
+	 */
+	if (req->http_code >= 300 && req->curl_result == CURLE_OK &&
+			(starts_with(req->url, "http://") ||
+			 starts_with(req->url, "https://"))) {
+		req->curl_result = CURLE_HTTP_RETURNED_ERROR;
+		xsnprintf(req->errorstr, sizeof(req->errorstr),
+			  "HTTP request failed");
+	}
+
 	if (obj_req->state == ABORTED) {
 		ret = error("Request for %s aborted", hex);
 	} else if (req->curl_result != CURLE_OK &&
@@ -500,11 +543,13 @@ static int fetch_object(struct walker *walker, struct alt_base *repo, unsigned c
 	} else if (req->zret != Z_STREAM_END) {
 		walker->corrupt_object_found++;
 		ret = error("File %s (%s) corrupt", hex, req->url);
-	} else if (hashcmp(obj_req->sha1, req->real_sha1)) {
+	} else if (hashcmp(obj_req->oid.hash, req->real_sha1)) {
 		ret = error("File %s has bad hash", hex);
 	} else if (req->rename < 0) {
-		ret = error("unable to write sha1 filename %s",
-			    sha1_file_name(req->sha1));
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		sha1_file_name(the_repository, &buf, req->sha1);
+		ret = error("unable to write sha1 filename %s", buf.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	}
 
 	release_http_object_request(req);
@@ -517,7 +562,7 @@ static int fetch(struct walker *walker, unsigned char *sha1)
 	struct walker_data *data = walker->data;
 	struct alt_base *altbase = data->alt;
 
-	if (!fetch_object(walker, altbase, sha1))
+	if (!fetch_object(walker, sha1))
 		return 0;
 	while (altbase) {
 		if (!http_fetch_pack(walker, altbase, sha1))
diff --git a/http.c b/http.c
index 9c825afefd..4162860ee3 100644
--- a/http.c
+++ b/http.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "http.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "sideband.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
@@ -9,10 +10,23 @@
 #include "version.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "gettext.h"
-
+#include "transport.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "protocol.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+
+static struct trace_key trace_curl = TRACE_KEY_INIT(CURL);
+static int trace_curl_data = 1;
+static struct string_list cookies_to_redact = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070a08
+long int git_curl_ipresolve = CURL_IPRESOLVE_WHATEVER;
+#else
+long int git_curl_ipresolve;
+#endif
 int active_requests;
 int http_is_verbose;
-size_t http_post_buffer = 16 * LARGE_PACKET_MAX;
+ssize_t http_post_buffer = 16 * LARGE_PACKET_MAX;
 
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070a06
 #define LIBCURL_CAN_HANDLE_AUTH_ANY
@@ -29,29 +43,87 @@ static CURL *curl_default;
 #endif
 
 #define PREV_BUF_SIZE 4096
-#define RANGE_HEADER_SIZE 30
 
 char curl_errorstr[CURL_ERROR_SIZE];
 
 static int curl_ssl_verify = -1;
 static int curl_ssl_try;
 static const char *ssl_cert;
+static const char *ssl_cipherlist;
+static const char *ssl_version;
+static struct {
+	const char *name;
+	long ssl_version;
+} sslversions[] = {
+	{ "sslv2", CURL_SSLVERSION_SSLv2 },
+	{ "sslv3", CURL_SSLVERSION_SSLv3 },
+	{ "tlsv1", CURL_SSLVERSION_TLSv1 },
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x072200
+	{ "tlsv1.0", CURL_SSLVERSION_TLSv1_0 },
+	{ "tlsv1.1", CURL_SSLVERSION_TLSv1_1 },
+	{ "tlsv1.2", CURL_SSLVERSION_TLSv1_2 },
+#endif
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x073400
+	{ "tlsv1.3", CURL_SSLVERSION_TLSv1_3 },
+#endif
+};
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070903
 static const char *ssl_key;
 #endif
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070908
 static const char *ssl_capath;
 #endif
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x071304
+static const char *curl_no_proxy;
+#endif
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x072c00
+static const char *ssl_pinnedkey;
+#endif
 static const char *ssl_cainfo;
 static long curl_low_speed_limit = -1;
 static long curl_low_speed_time = -1;
 static int curl_ftp_no_epsv;
 static const char *curl_http_proxy;
+static const char *http_proxy_authmethod;
+static struct {
+	const char *name;
+	long curlauth_param;
+} proxy_authmethods[] = {
+	{ "basic", CURLAUTH_BASIC },
+	{ "digest", CURLAUTH_DIGEST },
+	{ "negotiate", CURLAUTH_GSSNEGOTIATE },
+	{ "ntlm", CURLAUTH_NTLM },
+#ifdef LIBCURL_CAN_HANDLE_AUTH_ANY
+	{ "anyauth", CURLAUTH_ANY },
+#endif
+	/*
+	 * CURLAUTH_DIGEST_IE has no corresponding command-line option in
+	 * curl(1) and is not included in CURLAUTH_ANY, so we leave it out
+	 * here, too
+	 */
+};
+#ifdef CURLGSSAPI_DELEGATION_FLAG
+static const char *curl_deleg;
+static struct {
+	const char *name;
+	long curl_deleg_param;
+} curl_deleg_levels[] = {
+	{ "none", CURLGSSAPI_DELEGATION_NONE },
+	{ "policy", CURLGSSAPI_DELEGATION_POLICY_FLAG },
+	{ "always", CURLGSSAPI_DELEGATION_FLAG },
+};
+#endif
+
+static struct credential proxy_auth = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
+static const char *curl_proxyuserpwd;
 static const char *curl_cookie_file;
 static int curl_save_cookies;
 struct credential http_auth = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
 static int http_proactive_auth;
 static const char *user_agent;
+static int curl_empty_auth = -1;
+
+enum http_follow_config http_follow_config = HTTP_FOLLOW_INITIAL;
 
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x071700
 /* Use CURLOPT_KEYPASSWD as is */
@@ -65,10 +137,19 @@ static struct credential cert_auth = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
 static int ssl_cert_password_required;
 #ifdef LIBCURL_CAN_HANDLE_AUTH_ANY
 static unsigned long http_auth_methods = CURLAUTH_ANY;
+static int http_auth_methods_restricted;
+/* Modes for which empty_auth cannot actually help us. */
+static unsigned long empty_auth_useless =
+	CURLAUTH_BASIC
+#ifdef CURLAUTH_DIGEST_IE
+	| CURLAUTH_DIGEST_IE
+#endif
+	| CURLAUTH_DIGEST;
 #endif
 
 static struct curl_slist *pragma_header;
 static struct curl_slist *no_pragma_header;
+static struct curl_slist *extra_http_headers;
 
 static struct active_request_slot *active_queue_head;
 
@@ -144,6 +225,9 @@ static void finish_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
 #else
 		slot->results->auth_avail = 0;
 #endif
+
+		curl_easy_getinfo(slot->curl, CURLINFO_HTTP_CONNECTCODE,
+			&slot->results->http_connectcode);
 	}
 
 	/* Run callback if appropriate */
@@ -151,6 +235,13 @@ static void finish_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
 		slot->callback_func(slot->callback_data);
 }
 
+static void xmulti_remove_handle(struct active_request_slot *slot)
+{
+#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
+	curl_multi_remove_handle(curlm, slot->curl);
+#endif
+}
+
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
 static void process_curl_messages(void)
 {
@@ -166,7 +257,7 @@ static void process_curl_messages(void)
 			       slot->curl != curl_message->easy_handle)
 				slot = slot->next;
 			if (slot != NULL) {
-				curl_multi_remove_handle(curlm, slot->curl);
+				xmulti_remove_handle(slot);
 				slot->curl_result = curl_result;
 				finish_active_slot(slot);
 			} else {
@@ -187,18 +278,22 @@ static int http_options(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		curl_ssl_verify = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp("http.sslcipherlist", var))
+		return git_config_string(&ssl_cipherlist, var, value);
+	if (!strcmp("http.sslversion", var))
+		return git_config_string(&ssl_version, var, value);
 	if (!strcmp("http.sslcert", var))
-		return git_config_string(&ssl_cert, var, value);
+		return git_config_pathname(&ssl_cert, var, value);
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070903
 	if (!strcmp("http.sslkey", var))
-		return git_config_string(&ssl_key, var, value);
+		return git_config_pathname(&ssl_key, var, value);
 #endif
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070908
 	if (!strcmp("http.sslcapath", var))
-		return git_config_string(&ssl_capath, var, value);
+		return git_config_pathname(&ssl_capath, var, value);
 #endif
 	if (!strcmp("http.sslcainfo", var))
-		return git_config_string(&ssl_cainfo, var, value);
+		return git_config_pathname(&ssl_cainfo, var, value);
 	if (!strcmp("http.sslcertpasswordprotected", var)) {
 		ssl_cert_password_required = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
@@ -237,15 +332,20 @@ static int http_options(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	if (!strcmp("http.proxy", var))
 		return git_config_string(&curl_http_proxy, var, value);
 
+	if (!strcmp("http.proxyauthmethod", var))
+		return git_config_string(&http_proxy_authmethod, var, value);
+
 	if (!strcmp("http.cookiefile", var))
-		return git_config_string(&curl_cookie_file, var, value);
+		return git_config_pathname(&curl_cookie_file, var, value);
 	if (!strcmp("http.savecookies", var)) {
 		curl_save_cookies = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	if (!strcmp("http.postbuffer", var)) {
-		http_post_buffer = git_config_int(var, value);
+		http_post_buffer = git_config_ssize_t(var, value);
+		if (http_post_buffer < 0)
+			warning(_("negative value for http.postbuffer; defaulting to %d"), LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
 		if (http_post_buffer < LARGE_PACKET_MAX)
 			http_post_buffer = LARGE_PACKET_MAX;
 		return 0;
@@ -254,14 +354,93 @@ static int http_options(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	if (!strcmp("http.useragent", var))
 		return git_config_string(&user_agent, var, value);
 
+	if (!strcmp("http.emptyauth", var)) {
+		if (value && !strcmp("auto", value))
+			curl_empty_auth = -1;
+		else
+			curl_empty_auth = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp("http.delegation", var)) {
+#ifdef CURLGSSAPI_DELEGATION_FLAG
+		return git_config_string(&curl_deleg, var, value);
+#else
+		warning(_("Delegation control is not supported with cURL < 7.22.0"));
+		return 0;
+#endif
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp("http.pinnedpubkey", var)) {
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x072c00
+		return git_config_pathname(&ssl_pinnedkey, var, value);
+#else
+		warning(_("Public key pinning not supported with cURL < 7.44.0"));
+		return 0;
+#endif
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp("http.extraheader", var)) {
+		if (!value) {
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		} else if (!*value) {
+			curl_slist_free_all(extra_http_headers);
+			extra_http_headers = NULL;
+		} else {
+			extra_http_headers =
+				curl_slist_append(extra_http_headers, value);
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp("http.followredirects", var)) {
+		if (value && !strcmp(value, "initial"))
+			http_follow_config = HTTP_FOLLOW_INITIAL;
+		else if (git_config_bool(var, value))
+			http_follow_config = HTTP_FOLLOW_ALWAYS;
+		else
+			http_follow_config = HTTP_FOLLOW_NONE;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	/* Fall back on the default ones */
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
+static int curl_empty_auth_enabled(void)
+{
+	if (curl_empty_auth >= 0)
+		return curl_empty_auth;
+
+#ifndef LIBCURL_CAN_HANDLE_AUTH_ANY
+	/*
+	 * Our libcurl is too old to do AUTH_ANY in the first place;
+	 * just default to turning the feature off.
+	 */
+#else
+	/*
+	 * In the automatic case, kick in the empty-auth
+	 * hack as long as we would potentially try some
+	 * method more exotic than "Basic" or "Digest".
+	 *
+	 * But only do this when this is our second or
+	 * subsequent request, as by then we know what
+	 * methods are available.
+	 */
+	if (http_auth_methods_restricted &&
+	    (http_auth_methods & ~empty_auth_useless))
+		return 1;
+#endif
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void init_curl_http_auth(CURL *result)
 {
-	if (!http_auth.username)
+	if (!http_auth.username || !*http_auth.username) {
+		if (curl_empty_auth_enabled())
+			curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_USERPWD, ":");
 		return;
+	}
 
 	credential_fill(&http_auth);
 
@@ -285,6 +464,64 @@ static void init_curl_http_auth(CURL *result)
 #endif
 }
 
+/* *var must be free-able */
+static void var_override(const char **var, char *value)
+{
+	if (value) {
+		free((void *)*var);
+		*var = xstrdup(value);
+	}
+}
+
+static void set_proxyauth_name_password(CURL *result)
+{
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x071301
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PROXYUSERNAME,
+			proxy_auth.username);
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PROXYPASSWORD,
+			proxy_auth.password);
+#else
+		struct strbuf s = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		strbuf_addstr_urlencode(&s, proxy_auth.username, 1);
+		strbuf_addch(&s, ':');
+		strbuf_addstr_urlencode(&s, proxy_auth.password, 1);
+		curl_proxyuserpwd = strbuf_detach(&s, NULL);
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PROXYUSERPWD, curl_proxyuserpwd);
+#endif
+}
+
+static void init_curl_proxy_auth(CURL *result)
+{
+	if (proxy_auth.username) {
+		if (!proxy_auth.password)
+			credential_fill(&proxy_auth);
+		set_proxyauth_name_password(result);
+	}
+
+	var_override(&http_proxy_authmethod, getenv("GIT_HTTP_PROXY_AUTHMETHOD"));
+
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070a07 /* CURLOPT_PROXYAUTH and CURLAUTH_ANY */
+	if (http_proxy_authmethod) {
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(proxy_authmethods); i++) {
+			if (!strcmp(http_proxy_authmethod, proxy_authmethods[i].name)) {
+				curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PROXYAUTH,
+						proxy_authmethods[i].curlauth_param);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(proxy_authmethods)) {
+			warning("unsupported proxy authentication method %s: using anyauth",
+					http_proxy_authmethod);
+			curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PROXYAUTH, CURLAUTH_ANY);
+		}
+	}
+	else
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PROXYAUTH, CURLAUTH_ANY);
+#endif
+}
+
 static int has_cert_password(void)
 {
 	if (ssl_cert == NULL || ssl_cert_password_required != 1)
@@ -316,8 +553,7 @@ static int sockopt_callback(void *client, curl_socket_t fd, curlsocktype type)
 
 	rc = setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, (void *)&ka, len);
 	if (rc < 0)
-		warning("unable to set SO_KEEPALIVE on socket %s",
-			strerror(errno));
+		warning_errno("unable to set SO_KEEPALIVE on socket");
 
 	return 0; /* CURL_SOCKOPT_OK only exists since curl 7.21.5 */
 }
@@ -334,6 +570,199 @@ static void set_curl_keepalive(CURL *c)
 }
 #endif
 
+static void redact_sensitive_header(struct strbuf *header)
+{
+	const char *sensitive_header;
+
+	if (skip_prefix(header->buf, "Authorization:", &sensitive_header) ||
+	    skip_prefix(header->buf, "Proxy-Authorization:", &sensitive_header)) {
+		/* The first token is the type, which is OK to log */
+		while (isspace(*sensitive_header))
+			sensitive_header++;
+		while (*sensitive_header && !isspace(*sensitive_header))
+			sensitive_header++;
+		/* Everything else is opaque and possibly sensitive */
+		strbuf_setlen(header,  sensitive_header - header->buf);
+		strbuf_addstr(header, " <redacted>");
+	} else if (cookies_to_redact.nr &&
+		   skip_prefix(header->buf, "Cookie:", &sensitive_header)) {
+		struct strbuf redacted_header = STRBUF_INIT;
+		char *cookie;
+
+		while (isspace(*sensitive_header))
+			sensitive_header++;
+
+		/*
+		 * The contents of header starting from sensitive_header will
+		 * subsequently be overridden, so it is fine to mutate this
+		 * string (hence the assignment to "char *").
+		 */
+		cookie = (char *) sensitive_header;
+
+		while (cookie) {
+			char *equals;
+			char *semicolon = strstr(cookie, "; ");
+			if (semicolon)
+				*semicolon = 0;
+			equals = strchrnul(cookie, '=');
+			if (!equals) {
+				/* invalid cookie, just append and continue */
+				strbuf_addstr(&redacted_header, cookie);
+				continue;
+			}
+			*equals = 0; /* temporarily set to NUL for lookup */
+			if (string_list_lookup(&cookies_to_redact, cookie)) {
+				strbuf_addstr(&redacted_header, cookie);
+				strbuf_addstr(&redacted_header, "=<redacted>");
+			} else {
+				*equals = '=';
+				strbuf_addstr(&redacted_header, cookie);
+			}
+			if (semicolon) {
+				/*
+				 * There are more cookies. (Or, for some
+				 * reason, the input string ends in "; ".)
+				 */
+				strbuf_addstr(&redacted_header, "; ");
+				cookie = semicolon + strlen("; ");
+			} else {
+				cookie = NULL;
+			}
+		}
+
+		strbuf_setlen(header, sensitive_header - header->buf);
+		strbuf_addbuf(header, &redacted_header);
+	}
+}
+
+static void curl_dump_header(const char *text, unsigned char *ptr, size_t size, int hide_sensitive_header)
+{
+	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf **headers, **header;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&out, "%s, %10.10ld bytes (0x%8.8lx)\n",
+		text, (long)size, (long)size);
+	trace_strbuf(&trace_curl, &out);
+	strbuf_reset(&out);
+	strbuf_add(&out, ptr, size);
+	headers = strbuf_split_max(&out, '\n', 0);
+
+	for (header = headers; *header; header++) {
+		if (hide_sensitive_header)
+			redact_sensitive_header(*header);
+		strbuf_insert((*header), 0, text, strlen(text));
+		strbuf_insert((*header), strlen(text), ": ", 2);
+		strbuf_rtrim((*header));
+		strbuf_addch((*header), '\n');
+		trace_strbuf(&trace_curl, (*header));
+	}
+	strbuf_list_free(headers);
+	strbuf_release(&out);
+}
+
+static void curl_dump_data(const char *text, unsigned char *ptr, size_t size)
+{
+	size_t i;
+	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned int width = 60;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&out, "%s, %10.10ld bytes (0x%8.8lx)\n",
+		text, (long)size, (long)size);
+	trace_strbuf(&trace_curl, &out);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < size; i += width) {
+		size_t w;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&out);
+		strbuf_addf(&out, "%s: ", text);
+		for (w = 0; (w < width) && (i + w < size); w++) {
+			unsigned char ch = ptr[i + w];
+
+			strbuf_addch(&out,
+				       (ch >= 0x20) && (ch < 0x80)
+				       ? ch : '.');
+		}
+		strbuf_addch(&out, '\n');
+		trace_strbuf(&trace_curl, &out);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&out);
+}
+
+static int curl_trace(CURL *handle, curl_infotype type, char *data, size_t size, void *userp)
+{
+	const char *text;
+	enum { NO_FILTER = 0, DO_FILTER = 1 };
+
+	switch (type) {
+	case CURLINFO_TEXT:
+		trace_printf_key(&trace_curl, "== Info: %s", data);
+		break;
+	case CURLINFO_HEADER_OUT:
+		text = "=> Send header";
+		curl_dump_header(text, (unsigned char *)data, size, DO_FILTER);
+		break;
+	case CURLINFO_DATA_OUT:
+		if (trace_curl_data) {
+			text = "=> Send data";
+			curl_dump_data(text, (unsigned char *)data, size);
+		}
+		break;
+	case CURLINFO_SSL_DATA_OUT:
+		if (trace_curl_data) {
+			text = "=> Send SSL data";
+			curl_dump_data(text, (unsigned char *)data, size);
+		}
+		break;
+	case CURLINFO_HEADER_IN:
+		text = "<= Recv header";
+		curl_dump_header(text, (unsigned char *)data, size, NO_FILTER);
+		break;
+	case CURLINFO_DATA_IN:
+		if (trace_curl_data) {
+			text = "<= Recv data";
+			curl_dump_data(text, (unsigned char *)data, size);
+		}
+		break;
+	case CURLINFO_SSL_DATA_IN:
+		if (trace_curl_data) {
+			text = "<= Recv SSL data";
+			curl_dump_data(text, (unsigned char *)data, size);
+		}
+		break;
+
+	default:		/* we ignore unknown types by default */
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void setup_curl_trace(CURL *handle)
+{
+	if (!trace_want(&trace_curl))
+		return;
+	curl_easy_setopt(handle, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1L);
+	curl_easy_setopt(handle, CURLOPT_DEBUGFUNCTION, curl_trace);
+	curl_easy_setopt(handle, CURLOPT_DEBUGDATA, NULL);
+}
+
+#ifdef CURLPROTO_HTTP
+static long get_curl_allowed_protocols(int from_user)
+{
+	long allowed_protocols = 0;
+
+	if (is_transport_allowed("http", from_user))
+		allowed_protocols |= CURLPROTO_HTTP;
+	if (is_transport_allowed("https", from_user))
+		allowed_protocols |= CURLPROTO_HTTPS;
+	if (is_transport_allowed("ftp", from_user))
+		allowed_protocols |= CURLPROTO_FTP;
+	if (is_transport_allowed("ftps", from_user))
+		allowed_protocols |= CURLPROTO_FTPS;
+
+	return allowed_protocols;
+}
+#endif
+
 static CURL *get_curl_handle(void)
 {
 	CURL *result = curl_easy_init();
@@ -358,9 +787,47 @@ static CURL *get_curl_handle(void)
 	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_HTTPAUTH, CURLAUTH_ANY);
 #endif
 
+#ifdef CURLGSSAPI_DELEGATION_FLAG
+	if (curl_deleg) {
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(curl_deleg_levels); i++) {
+			if (!strcmp(curl_deleg, curl_deleg_levels[i].name)) {
+				curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_GSSAPI_DELEGATION,
+						curl_deleg_levels[i].curl_deleg_param);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(curl_deleg_levels))
+			warning("Unknown delegation method '%s': using default",
+				curl_deleg);
+	}
+#endif
+
 	if (http_proactive_auth)
 		init_curl_http_auth(result);
 
+	if (getenv("GIT_SSL_VERSION"))
+		ssl_version = getenv("GIT_SSL_VERSION");
+	if (ssl_version && *ssl_version) {
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(sslversions); i++) {
+			if (!strcmp(ssl_version, sslversions[i].name)) {
+				curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_SSLVERSION,
+						 sslversions[i].ssl_version);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(sslversions))
+			warning("unsupported ssl version %s: using default",
+				ssl_version);
+	}
+
+	if (getenv("GIT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST"))
+		ssl_cipherlist = getenv("GIT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST");
+	if (ssl_cipherlist != NULL && *ssl_cipherlist)
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST,
+				ssl_cipherlist);
+
 	if (ssl_cert != NULL)
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_SSLCERT, ssl_cert);
 	if (has_cert_password())
@@ -373,6 +840,10 @@ static CURL *get_curl_handle(void)
 	if (ssl_capath != NULL)
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_CAPATH, ssl_capath);
 #endif
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x072c00
+	if (ssl_pinnedkey != NULL)
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PINNEDPUBLICKEY, ssl_pinnedkey);
+#endif
 	if (ssl_cainfo != NULL)
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_CAINFO, ssl_cainfo);
 
@@ -383,15 +854,31 @@ static CURL *get_curl_handle(void)
 				 curl_low_speed_time);
 	}
 
-	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1);
+	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS, 20);
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x071301
 	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_POSTREDIR, CURL_REDIR_POST_ALL);
 #elif LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x071101
 	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_POST301, 1);
 #endif
-
+#ifdef CURLPROTO_HTTP
+	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_REDIR_PROTOCOLS,
+			 get_curl_allowed_protocols(0));
+	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PROTOCOLS,
+			 get_curl_allowed_protocols(-1));
+#else
+	warning("protocol restrictions not applied to curl redirects because\n"
+		"your curl version is too old (>= 7.19.4)");
+#endif
 	if (getenv("GIT_CURL_VERBOSE"))
-		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1);
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1L);
+	setup_curl_trace(result);
+	if (getenv("GIT_TRACE_CURL_NO_DATA"))
+		trace_curl_data = 0;
+	if (getenv("GIT_REDACT_COOKIES")) {
+		string_list_split(&cookies_to_redact,
+				  getenv("GIT_REDACT_COOKIES"), ',', -1);
+		string_list_sort(&cookies_to_redact);
+	}
 
 	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_USERAGENT,
 		user_agent ? user_agent : git_user_agent());
@@ -404,12 +891,78 @@ static CURL *get_curl_handle(void)
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_USE_SSL, CURLUSESSL_TRY);
 #endif
 
-	if (curl_http_proxy) {
-		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PROXY, curl_http_proxy);
-#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070a07
-		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PROXYAUTH, CURLAUTH_ANY);
+	/*
+	 * CURL also examines these variables as a fallback; but we need to query
+	 * them here in order to decide whether to prompt for missing password (cf.
+	 * init_curl_proxy_auth()).
+	 *
+	 * Unlike many other common environment variables, these are historically
+	 * lowercase only. It appears that CURL did not know this and implemented
+	 * only uppercase variants, which was later corrected to take both - with
+	 * the exception of http_proxy, which is lowercase only also in CURL. As
+	 * the lowercase versions are the historical quasi-standard, they take
+	 * precedence here, as in CURL.
+	 */
+	if (!curl_http_proxy) {
+		if (http_auth.protocol && !strcmp(http_auth.protocol, "https")) {
+			var_override(&curl_http_proxy, getenv("HTTPS_PROXY"));
+			var_override(&curl_http_proxy, getenv("https_proxy"));
+		} else {
+			var_override(&curl_http_proxy, getenv("http_proxy"));
+		}
+		if (!curl_http_proxy) {
+			var_override(&curl_http_proxy, getenv("ALL_PROXY"));
+			var_override(&curl_http_proxy, getenv("all_proxy"));
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (curl_http_proxy && curl_http_proxy[0] == '\0') {
+		/*
+		 * Handle case with the empty http.proxy value here to keep
+		 * common code clean.
+		 * NB: empty option disables proxying at all.
+		 */
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PROXY, "");
+	} else if (curl_http_proxy) {
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x071800
+		if (starts_with(curl_http_proxy, "socks5h"))
+			curl_easy_setopt(result,
+				CURLOPT_PROXYTYPE, CURLPROXY_SOCKS5_HOSTNAME);
+		else if (starts_with(curl_http_proxy, "socks5"))
+			curl_easy_setopt(result,
+				CURLOPT_PROXYTYPE, CURLPROXY_SOCKS5);
+		else if (starts_with(curl_http_proxy, "socks4a"))
+			curl_easy_setopt(result,
+				CURLOPT_PROXYTYPE, CURLPROXY_SOCKS4A);
+		else if (starts_with(curl_http_proxy, "socks"))
+			curl_easy_setopt(result,
+				CURLOPT_PROXYTYPE, CURLPROXY_SOCKS4);
+#endif
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x073400
+		else if (starts_with(curl_http_proxy, "https"))
+			curl_easy_setopt(result,
+				CURLOPT_PROXYTYPE, CURLPROXY_HTTPS);
+#endif
+		if (strstr(curl_http_proxy, "://"))
+			credential_from_url(&proxy_auth, curl_http_proxy);
+		else {
+			struct strbuf url = STRBUF_INIT;
+			strbuf_addf(&url, "http://%s", curl_http_proxy);
+			credential_from_url(&proxy_auth, url.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&url);
+		}
+
+		if (!proxy_auth.host)
+			die("Invalid proxy URL '%s'", curl_http_proxy);
+
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PROXY, proxy_auth.host);
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x071304
+		var_override(&curl_no_proxy, getenv("NO_PROXY"));
+		var_override(&curl_no_proxy, getenv("no_proxy"));
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_NOPROXY, curl_no_proxy);
 #endif
 	}
+	init_curl_proxy_auth(result);
 
 	set_curl_keepalive(result);
 
@@ -450,8 +1003,13 @@ void http_init(struct remote *remote, const char *url, int proactive_auth)
 	if (remote && remote->http_proxy)
 		curl_http_proxy = xstrdup(remote->http_proxy);
 
-	pragma_header = curl_slist_append(pragma_header, "Pragma: no-cache");
-	no_pragma_header = curl_slist_append(no_pragma_header, "Pragma:");
+	if (remote)
+		var_override(&http_proxy_authmethod, remote->http_proxy_authmethod);
+
+	pragma_header = curl_slist_append(http_copy_default_headers(),
+		"Pragma: no-cache");
+	no_pragma_header = curl_slist_append(http_copy_default_headers(),
+		"Pragma:");
 
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
 	{
@@ -518,9 +1076,7 @@ void http_cleanup(void)
 	while (slot != NULL) {
 		struct active_request_slot *next = slot->next;
 		if (slot->curl != NULL) {
-#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-			curl_multi_remove_handle(curlm, slot->curl);
-#endif
+			xmulti_remove_handle(slot);
 			curl_easy_cleanup(slot->curl);
 		}
 		free(slot);
@@ -537,6 +1093,9 @@ void http_cleanup(void)
 #endif
 	curl_global_cleanup();
 
+	curl_slist_free_all(extra_http_headers);
+	extra_http_headers = NULL;
+
 	curl_slist_free_all(pragma_header);
 	pragma_header = NULL;
 
@@ -548,15 +1107,24 @@ void http_cleanup(void)
 		curl_http_proxy = NULL;
 	}
 
+	if (proxy_auth.password) {
+		memset(proxy_auth.password, 0, strlen(proxy_auth.password));
+		FREE_AND_NULL(proxy_auth.password);
+	}
+
+	free((void *)curl_proxyuserpwd);
+	curl_proxyuserpwd = NULL;
+
+	free((void *)http_proxy_authmethod);
+	http_proxy_authmethod = NULL;
+
 	if (cert_auth.password != NULL) {
 		memset(cert_auth.password, 0, strlen(cert_auth.password));
-		free(cert_auth.password);
-		cert_auth.password = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(cert_auth.password);
 	}
 	ssl_cert_password_required = 0;
 
-	free(cached_accept_language);
-	cached_accept_language = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(cached_accept_language);
 }
 
 struct active_request_slot *get_active_slot(void)
@@ -622,10 +1190,25 @@ struct active_request_slot *get_active_slot(void)
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_UPLOAD, 0);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPGET, 1);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FAILONERROR, 1);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_RANGE, NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * Default following to off unless "ALWAYS" is configured; this gives
+	 * callers a sane starting point, and they can tweak for individual
+	 * HTTP_FOLLOW_* cases themselves.
+	 */
+	if (http_follow_config == HTTP_FOLLOW_ALWAYS)
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1);
+	else
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 0);
+
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070a08
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IPRESOLVE, git_curl_ipresolve);
+#endif
 #ifdef LIBCURL_CAN_HANDLE_AUTH_ANY
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPAUTH, http_auth_methods);
 #endif
-	if (http_auth.password)
+	if (http_auth.password || curl_empty_auth_enabled())
 		init_curl_http_auth(slot->curl);
 
 	return slot;
@@ -639,6 +1222,8 @@ int start_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
 
 	if (curlm_result != CURLM_OK &&
 	    curlm_result != CURLM_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM) {
+		warning("curl_multi_add_handle failed: %s",
+			curl_multi_strerror(curlm_result));
 		active_requests--;
 		slot->in_use = 0;
 		return 0;
@@ -664,14 +1249,14 @@ static struct fill_chain *fill_cfg;
 
 void add_fill_function(void *data, int (*fill)(void *))
 {
-	struct fill_chain *new = xmalloc(sizeof(*new));
+	struct fill_chain *new_fill = xmalloc(sizeof(*new_fill));
 	struct fill_chain **linkp = &fill_cfg;
-	new->data = data;
-	new->fill = fill;
-	new->next = NULL;
+	new_fill->data = data;
+	new_fill->fill = fill;
+	new_fill->next = NULL;
 	while (*linkp)
 		linkp = &(*linkp)->next;
-	*linkp = new;
+	*linkp = new_fill;
 }
 
 void fill_active_slots(void)
@@ -778,13 +1363,13 @@ void run_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
 static void release_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
 {
 	closedown_active_slot(slot);
-	if (slot->curl && curl_session_count > min_curl_sessions) {
-#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-		curl_multi_remove_handle(curlm, slot->curl);
-#endif
-		curl_easy_cleanup(slot->curl);
-		slot->curl = NULL;
-		curl_session_count--;
+	if (slot->curl) {
+		xmulti_remove_handle(slot);
+		if (curl_session_count > min_curl_sessions) {
+			curl_easy_cleanup(slot->curl);
+			slot->curl = NULL;
+			curl_session_count--;
+		}
 	}
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
 	fill_active_slots();
@@ -842,7 +1427,7 @@ void append_remote_object_url(struct strbuf *buf, const char *url,
 
 	strbuf_addf(buf, "objects/%.*s/", 2, hex);
 	if (!only_two_digit_prefix)
-		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s", hex+2);
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, hex + 2);
 }
 
 char *get_remote_object_url(const char *url, const char *hex,
@@ -859,9 +1444,12 @@ static int handle_curl_result(struct slot_results *results)
 	 * If we see a failing http code with CURLE_OK, we have turned off
 	 * FAILONERROR (to keep the server's custom error response), and should
 	 * translate the code into failure here.
+	 *
+	 * Likewise, if we see a redirect (30x code), that means we turned off
+	 * redirect-following, and we should treat the result as an error.
 	 */
 	if (results->curl_result == CURLE_OK &&
-	    results->http_code >= 400) {
+	    results->http_code >= 300) {
 		results->curl_result = CURLE_HTTP_RETURNED_ERROR;
 		/*
 		 * Normally curl will already have put the "reason phrase"
@@ -869,13 +1457,15 @@ static int handle_curl_result(struct slot_results *results)
 		 * FAILONERROR it is lost, so we can give only the numeric
 		 * status code.
 		 */
-		snprintf(curl_errorstr, sizeof(curl_errorstr),
-			 "The requested URL returned error: %ld",
-			 results->http_code);
+		xsnprintf(curl_errorstr, sizeof(curl_errorstr),
+			  "The requested URL returned error: %ld",
+			  results->http_code);
 	}
 
 	if (results->curl_result == CURLE_OK) {
 		credential_approve(&http_auth);
+		if (proxy_auth.password)
+			credential_approve(&proxy_auth);
 		return HTTP_OK;
 	} else if (missing_target(results))
 		return HTTP_MISSING_TARGET;
@@ -886,10 +1476,16 @@ static int handle_curl_result(struct slot_results *results)
 		} else {
 #ifdef LIBCURL_CAN_HANDLE_AUTH_ANY
 			http_auth_methods &= ~CURLAUTH_GSSNEGOTIATE;
+			if (results->auth_avail) {
+				http_auth_methods &= results->auth_avail;
+				http_auth_methods_restricted = 1;
+			}
 #endif
 			return HTTP_REAUTH;
 		}
 	} else {
+		if (results->http_connectcode == 407)
+			credential_reject(&proxy_auth);
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070c00
 		if (!curl_errorstr[0])
 			strlcpy(curl_errorstr,
@@ -905,8 +1501,8 @@ int run_one_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot,
 {
 	slot->results = results;
 	if (!start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		snprintf(curl_errorstr, sizeof(curl_errorstr),
-			 "failed to start HTTP request");
+		xsnprintf(curl_errorstr, sizeof(curl_errorstr),
+			  "failed to start HTTP request");
 		return HTTP_START_FAILED;
 	}
 
@@ -914,6 +1510,16 @@ int run_one_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot,
 	return handle_curl_result(results);
 }
 
+struct curl_slist *http_copy_default_headers(void)
+{
+	struct curl_slist *headers = NULL, *h;
+
+	for (h = extra_http_headers; h; h = h->next)
+		headers = curl_slist_append(headers, h->data);
+
+	return headers;
+}
+
 static CURLcode curlinfo_strbuf(CURL *curl, CURLINFO info, struct strbuf *buf)
 {
 	char *ptr;
@@ -1063,7 +1669,7 @@ static void write_accept_language(struct strbuf *buf)
 		     decimal_places++, max_q *= 10)
 			;
 
-		sprintf(q_format, ";q=0.%%0%dd", decimal_places);
+		xsnprintf(q_format, sizeof(q_format), ";q=0.%%0%dd", decimal_places);
 
 		strbuf_addstr(buf, "Accept-Language: ");
 
@@ -1114,6 +1720,13 @@ static const char *get_accept_language(void)
 	return cached_accept_language;
 }
 
+static void http_opt_request_remainder(CURL *curl, off_t pos)
+{
+	char buf[128];
+	xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%"PRIuMAX"-", (uintmax_t)pos);
+	curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_RANGE, buf);
+}
+
 /* http_request() targets */
 #define HTTP_REQUEST_STRBUF	0
 #define HTTP_REQUEST_FILE	1
@@ -1124,7 +1737,7 @@ static int http_request(const char *url,
 {
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct slot_results results;
-	struct curl_slist *headers = NULL;
+	struct curl_slist *headers = http_copy_default_headers();
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *accept_language;
 	int ret;
@@ -1139,14 +1752,11 @@ static int http_request(const char *url,
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, result);
 
 		if (target == HTTP_REQUEST_FILE) {
-			long posn = ftell(result);
+			off_t posn = ftello(result);
 			curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION,
 					 fwrite);
-			if (posn > 0) {
-				strbuf_addf(&buf, "Range: bytes=%ld-", posn);
-				headers = curl_slist_append(headers, buf.buf);
-				strbuf_reset(&buf);
-			}
+			if (posn > 0)
+				http_opt_request_remainder(slot->curl, posn);
 		} else
 			curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION,
 					 fwrite_buffer);
@@ -1162,12 +1772,23 @@ static int http_request(const char *url,
 		strbuf_addstr(&buf, " no-cache");
 	if (options && options->keep_error)
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FAILONERROR, 0);
+	if (options && options->initial_request &&
+	    http_follow_config == HTTP_FOLLOW_INITIAL)
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1);
 
 	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, buf.buf);
 
+	/* Add additional headers here */
+	if (options && options->extra_headers) {
+		const struct string_list_item *item;
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, options->extra_headers) {
+			headers = curl_slist_append(headers, item->string);
+		}
+	}
+
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, headers);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_ENCODING, "gzip");
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_ENCODING, "");
 
 	ret = run_one_slot(slot, &results);
 
@@ -1210,32 +1831,34 @@ static int http_request(const char *url,
  *
  * Note that this assumes a sane redirect scheme. It's entirely possible
  * in the example above to end up at a URL that does not even end in
- * "info/refs".  In such a case we simply punt, as there is not much we can
- * do (and such a scheme is unlikely to represent a real git repository,
- * which means we are likely about to abort anyway).
+ * "info/refs".  In such a case we die. There's not much we can do, such a
+ * scheme is unlikely to represent a real git repository, and failing to
+ * rewrite the base opens options for malicious redirects to do funny things.
  */
 static int update_url_from_redirect(struct strbuf *base,
 				    const char *asked,
 				    const struct strbuf *got)
 {
 	const char *tail;
-	size_t tail_len;
+	size_t new_len;
 
 	if (!strcmp(asked, got->buf))
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!skip_prefix(asked, base->buf, &tail))
-		die("BUG: update_url_from_redirect: %s is not a superset of %s",
+		BUG("update_url_from_redirect: %s is not a superset of %s",
 		    asked, base->buf);
 
-	tail_len = strlen(tail);
-
-	if (got->len < tail_len ||
-	    strcmp(tail, got->buf + got->len - tail_len))
-		return 0; /* insane redirect scheme */
+	new_len = got->len;
+	if (!strip_suffix_mem(got->buf, &new_len, tail))
+		die(_("unable to update url base from redirection:\n"
+		      "  asked for: %s\n"
+		      "   redirect: %s"),
+		    asked, got->buf);
 
 	strbuf_reset(base);
-	strbuf_add(base, got->buf, got->len - tail_len);
+	strbuf_add(base, got->buf, new_len);
+
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -1245,6 +1868,9 @@ static int http_request_reauth(const char *url,
 {
 	int ret = http_request(url, result, target, options);
 
+	if (ret != HTTP_OK && ret != HTTP_REAUTH)
+		return ret;
+
 	if (options && options->effective_url && options->base_url) {
 		if (update_url_from_redirect(options->base_url,
 					     url, options->effective_url)) {
@@ -1268,7 +1894,7 @@ static int http_request_reauth(const char *url,
 			strbuf_reset(result);
 			break;
 		default:
-			die("BUG: HTTP_KEEP_ERROR is only supported with strbufs");
+			BUG("HTTP_KEEP_ERROR is only supported with strbufs");
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1308,7 +1934,7 @@ static int http_get_file(const char *url, const char *filename,
 	ret = http_request_reauth(url, result, HTTP_REQUEST_FILE, options);
 	fclose(result);
 
-	if (ret == HTTP_OK && move_temp_to_file(tmpfile.buf, filename))
+	if (ret == HTTP_OK && finalize_object_file(tmpfile.buf, filename))
 		ret = HTTP_ERROR;
 cleanup:
 	strbuf_release(&tmpfile);
@@ -1328,7 +1954,7 @@ int http_fetch_ref(const char *base, struct ref *ref)
 	if (http_get_strbuf(url, &buffer, &options) == HTTP_OK) {
 		strbuf_rtrim(&buffer);
 		if (buffer.len == 40)
-			ret = get_sha1_hex(buffer.buf, ref->old_sha1);
+			ret = get_oid_hex(buffer.buf, &ref->old_oid);
 		else if (starts_with(buffer.buf, "ref: ")) {
 			ref->symref = xstrdup(buffer.buf + 5);
 			ret = 0;
@@ -1358,8 +1984,7 @@ static char *fetch_pack_index(unsigned char *sha1, const char *base_url)
 
 	if (http_get_file(url, tmp, NULL) != HTTP_OK) {
 		error("Unable to get pack index %s", url);
-		free(tmp);
-		tmp = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(tmp);
 	}
 
 	free(url);
@@ -1395,7 +2020,7 @@ static int fetch_and_setup_pack_index(struct packed_git **packs_head,
 	ret = verify_pack_index(new_pack);
 	if (!ret) {
 		close_pack_index(new_pack);
-		ret = move_temp_to_file(tmp_idx, sha1_pack_index_name(sha1));
+		ret = finalize_object_file(tmp_idx, sha1_pack_index_name(sha1));
 	}
 	free(tmp_idx);
 	if (ret)
@@ -1413,7 +2038,8 @@ int http_get_info_packs(const char *base_url, struct packed_git **packs_head)
 	int ret = 0, i = 0;
 	char *url, *data;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	unsigned char hash[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
+	const unsigned hexsz = the_hash_algo->hexsz;
 
 	end_url_with_slash(&buf, base_url);
 	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "objects/info/packs");
@@ -1429,13 +2055,13 @@ int http_get_info_packs(const char *base_url, struct packed_git **packs_head)
 		switch (data[i]) {
 		case 'P':
 			i++;
-			if (i + 52 <= buf.len &&
+			if (i + hexsz + 12 <= buf.len &&
 			    starts_with(data + i, " pack-") &&
-			    starts_with(data + i + 46, ".pack\n")) {
-				get_sha1_hex(data + i + 6, sha1);
-				fetch_and_setup_pack_index(packs_head, sha1,
+			    starts_with(data + i + hexsz + 6, ".pack\n")) {
+				get_sha1_hex(data + i + 6, hash);
+				fetch_and_setup_pack_index(packs_head, hash,
 						      base_url);
-				i += 51;
+				i += hexsz + 11;
 				break;
 			}
 		default:
@@ -1456,12 +2082,10 @@ void release_http_pack_request(struct http_pack_request *preq)
 		fclose(preq->packfile);
 		preq->packfile = NULL;
 	}
-	if (preq->range_header != NULL) {
-		curl_slist_free_all(preq->range_header);
-		preq->range_header = NULL;
-	}
 	preq->slot = NULL;
+	strbuf_release(&preq->tmpfile);
 	free(preq->url);
+	free(preq);
 }
 
 int finish_http_pack_request(struct http_pack_request *preq)
@@ -1469,8 +2093,8 @@ int finish_http_pack_request(struct http_pack_request *preq)
 	struct packed_git **lst;
 	struct packed_git *p = preq->target;
 	char *tmp_idx;
+	size_t len;
 	struct child_process ip = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-	const char *ip_argv[8];
 
 	close_pack_index(p);
 
@@ -1482,23 +2106,19 @@ int finish_http_pack_request(struct http_pack_request *preq)
 		lst = &((*lst)->next);
 	*lst = (*lst)->next;
 
-	tmp_idx = xstrdup(preq->tmpfile);
-	strcpy(tmp_idx + strlen(tmp_idx) - strlen(".pack.temp"),
-	       ".idx.temp");
-
-	ip_argv[0] = "index-pack";
-	ip_argv[1] = "-o";
-	ip_argv[2] = tmp_idx;
-	ip_argv[3] = preq->tmpfile;
-	ip_argv[4] = NULL;
+	if (!strip_suffix(preq->tmpfile.buf, ".pack.temp", &len))
+		BUG("pack tmpfile does not end in .pack.temp?");
+	tmp_idx = xstrfmt("%.*s.idx.temp", (int)len, preq->tmpfile.buf);
 
-	ip.argv = ip_argv;
+	argv_array_push(&ip.args, "index-pack");
+	argv_array_pushl(&ip.args, "-o", tmp_idx, NULL);
+	argv_array_push(&ip.args, preq->tmpfile.buf);
 	ip.git_cmd = 1;
 	ip.no_stdin = 1;
 	ip.no_stdout = 1;
 
 	if (run_command(&ip)) {
-		unlink(preq->tmpfile);
+		unlink(preq->tmpfile.buf);
 		unlink(tmp_idx);
 		free(tmp_idx);
 		return -1;
@@ -1506,13 +2126,13 @@ int finish_http_pack_request(struct http_pack_request *preq)
 
 	unlink(sha1_pack_index_name(p->sha1));
 
-	if (move_temp_to_file(preq->tmpfile, sha1_pack_name(p->sha1))
-	 || move_temp_to_file(tmp_idx, sha1_pack_index_name(p->sha1))) {
+	if (finalize_object_file(preq->tmpfile.buf, sha1_pack_name(p->sha1))
+	 || finalize_object_file(tmp_idx, sha1_pack_index_name(p->sha1))) {
 		free(tmp_idx);
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	install_packed_git(p);
+	install_packed_git(the_repository, p);
 	free(tmp_idx);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1520,12 +2140,12 @@ int finish_http_pack_request(struct http_pack_request *preq)
 struct http_pack_request *new_http_pack_request(
 	struct packed_git *target, const char *base_url)
 {
-	long prev_posn = 0;
-	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
+	off_t prev_posn = 0;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct http_pack_request *preq;
 
 	preq = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*preq));
+	strbuf_init(&preq->tmpfile, 0);
 	preq->target = target;
 
 	end_url_with_slash(&buf, base_url);
@@ -1533,12 +2153,11 @@ struct http_pack_request *new_http_pack_request(
 		sha1_to_hex(target->sha1));
 	preq->url = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 
-	snprintf(preq->tmpfile, sizeof(preq->tmpfile), "%s.temp",
-		sha1_pack_name(target->sha1));
-	preq->packfile = fopen(preq->tmpfile, "a");
+	strbuf_addf(&preq->tmpfile, "%s.temp", sha1_pack_name(target->sha1));
+	preq->packfile = fopen(preq->tmpfile.buf, "a");
 	if (!preq->packfile) {
 		error("Unable to open local file %s for pack",
-		      preq->tmpfile);
+		      preq->tmpfile.buf);
 		goto abort;
 	}
 
@@ -1553,21 +2172,19 @@ struct http_pack_request *new_http_pack_request(
 	 * If there is data present from a previous transfer attempt,
 	 * resume where it left off
 	 */
-	prev_posn = ftell(preq->packfile);
+	prev_posn = ftello(preq->packfile);
 	if (prev_posn>0) {
 		if (http_is_verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Resuming fetch of pack %s at byte %ld\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(target->sha1), prev_posn);
-		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
-		preq->range_header = curl_slist_append(NULL, range);
-		curl_easy_setopt(preq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER,
-			preq->range_header);
+				"Resuming fetch of pack %s at byte %"PRIuMAX"\n",
+				sha1_to_hex(target->sha1), (uintmax_t)prev_posn);
+		http_opt_request_remainder(preq->slot->curl, prev_posn);
 	}
 
 	return preq;
 
 abort:
+	strbuf_release(&preq->tmpfile);
 	free(preq->url);
 	free(preq);
 	return NULL;
@@ -1580,8 +2197,19 @@ static size_t fwrite_sha1_file(char *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb,
 	unsigned char expn[4096];
 	size_t size = eltsize * nmemb;
 	int posn = 0;
-	struct http_object_request *freq =
-		(struct http_object_request *)data;
+	struct http_object_request *freq = data;
+	struct active_request_slot *slot = freq->slot;
+
+	if (slot) {
+		CURLcode c = curl_easy_getinfo(slot->curl, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE,
+						&slot->http_code);
+		if (c != CURLE_OK)
+			BUG("curl_easy_getinfo for HTTP code failed: %s",
+				curl_easy_strerror(c));
+		if (slot->http_code >= 300)
+			return size;
+	}
+
 	do {
 		ssize_t retval = xwrite(freq->localfile,
 					(char *) ptr + posn, size - posn);
@@ -1606,51 +2234,50 @@ struct http_object_request *new_http_object_request(const char *base_url,
 	unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
-	const char *filename;
-	char prevfile[PATH_MAX];
+	struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf prevfile = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int prevlocal;
 	char prev_buf[PREV_BUF_SIZE];
 	ssize_t prev_read = 0;
-	long prev_posn = 0;
-	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
-	struct curl_slist *range_header = NULL;
+	off_t prev_posn = 0;
 	struct http_object_request *freq;
 
 	freq = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*freq));
+	strbuf_init(&freq->tmpfile, 0);
 	hashcpy(freq->sha1, sha1);
 	freq->localfile = -1;
 
-	filename = sha1_file_name(sha1);
-	snprintf(freq->tmpfile, sizeof(freq->tmpfile),
-		 "%s.temp", filename);
+	sha1_file_name(the_repository, &filename, sha1);
+	strbuf_addf(&freq->tmpfile, "%s.temp", filename.buf);
 
-	snprintf(prevfile, sizeof(prevfile), "%s.prev", filename);
-	unlink_or_warn(prevfile);
-	rename(freq->tmpfile, prevfile);
-	unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile);
+	strbuf_addf(&prevfile, "%s.prev", filename.buf);
+	unlink_or_warn(prevfile.buf);
+	rename(freq->tmpfile.buf, prevfile.buf);
+	unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&filename);
 
 	if (freq->localfile != -1)
 		error("fd leakage in start: %d", freq->localfile);
-	freq->localfile = open(freq->tmpfile,
+	freq->localfile = open(freq->tmpfile.buf,
 			       O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
 	/*
 	 * This could have failed due to the "lazy directory creation";
 	 * try to mkdir the last path component.
 	 */
 	if (freq->localfile < 0 && errno == ENOENT) {
-		char *dir = strrchr(freq->tmpfile, '/');
+		char *dir = strrchr(freq->tmpfile.buf, '/');
 		if (dir) {
 			*dir = 0;
-			mkdir(freq->tmpfile, 0777);
+			mkdir(freq->tmpfile.buf, 0777);
 			*dir = '/';
 		}
-		freq->localfile = open(freq->tmpfile,
+		freq->localfile = open(freq->tmpfile.buf,
 				       O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
 	}
 
 	if (freq->localfile < 0) {
-		error("Couldn't create temporary file %s: %s",
-		      freq->tmpfile, strerror(errno));
+		error_errno("Couldn't create temporary file %s",
+			    freq->tmpfile.buf);
 		goto abort;
 	}
 
@@ -1664,7 +2291,7 @@ struct http_object_request *new_http_object_request(const char *base_url,
 	 * If a previous temp file is present, process what was already
 	 * fetched.
 	 */
-	prevlocal = open(prevfile, O_RDONLY);
+	prevlocal = open(prevfile.buf, O_RDONLY);
 	if (prevlocal != -1) {
 		do {
 			prev_read = xread(prevlocal, prev_buf, PREV_BUF_SIZE);
@@ -1681,7 +2308,8 @@ struct http_object_request *new_http_object_request(const char *base_url,
 		} while (prev_read > 0);
 		close(prevlocal);
 	}
-	unlink_or_warn(prevfile);
+	unlink_or_warn(prevfile.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&prevfile);
 
 	/*
 	 * Reset inflate/SHA1 if there was an error reading the previous temp
@@ -1695,8 +2323,8 @@ struct http_object_request *new_http_object_request(const char *base_url,
 			prev_posn = 0;
 			lseek(freq->localfile, 0, SEEK_SET);
 			if (ftruncate(freq->localfile, 0) < 0) {
-				error("Couldn't truncate temporary file %s: %s",
-					  freq->tmpfile, strerror(errno));
+				error_errno("Couldn't truncate temporary file %s",
+					    freq->tmpfile.buf);
 				goto abort;
 			}
 		}
@@ -1705,6 +2333,7 @@ struct http_object_request *new_http_object_request(const char *base_url,
 	freq->slot = get_active_slot();
 
 	curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, freq);
+	curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_FAILONERROR, 0);
 	curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_sha1_file);
 	curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_ERRORBUFFER, freq->errorstr);
 	curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, freq->url);
@@ -1717,17 +2346,15 @@ struct http_object_request *new_http_object_request(const char *base_url,
 	if (prev_posn>0) {
 		if (http_is_verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Resuming fetch of object %s at byte %ld\n",
-				hex, prev_posn);
-		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
-		range_header = curl_slist_append(range_header, range);
-		curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl,
-				 CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, range_header);
+				"Resuming fetch of object %s at byte %"PRIuMAX"\n",
+				hex, (uintmax_t)prev_posn);
+		http_opt_request_remainder(freq->slot->curl, prev_posn);
 	}
 
 	return freq;
 
 abort:
+	strbuf_release(&prevfile);
 	free(freq->url);
 	free(freq);
 	return NULL;
@@ -1745,6 +2372,7 @@ void process_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq)
 int finish_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq)
 {
 	struct stat st;
+	struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	close(freq->localfile);
 	freq->localfile = -1;
@@ -1754,31 +2382,32 @@ int finish_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq)
 	if (freq->http_code == 416) {
 		warning("requested range invalid; we may already have all the data.");
 	} else if (freq->curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-		if (stat(freq->tmpfile, &st) == 0)
+		if (stat(freq->tmpfile.buf, &st) == 0)
 			if (st.st_size == 0)
-				unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile);
+				unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile.buf);
 		return -1;
 	}
 
 	git_inflate_end(&freq->stream);
 	git_SHA1_Final(freq->real_sha1, &freq->c);
 	if (freq->zret != Z_STREAM_END) {
-		unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile);
+		unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile.buf);
 		return -1;
 	}
 	if (hashcmp(freq->sha1, freq->real_sha1)) {
-		unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile);
+		unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile.buf);
 		return -1;
 	}
-	freq->rename =
-		move_temp_to_file(freq->tmpfile, sha1_file_name(freq->sha1));
+	sha1_file_name(the_repository, &filename, freq->sha1);
+	freq->rename = finalize_object_file(freq->tmpfile.buf, filename.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&filename);
 
 	return freq->rename;
 }
 
 void abort_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq)
 {
-	unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile);
+	unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile.buf);
 
 	release_http_object_request(freq);
 }
@@ -1789,14 +2418,12 @@ void release_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq)
 		close(freq->localfile);
 		freq->localfile = -1;
 	}
-	if (freq->url != NULL) {
-		free(freq->url);
-		freq->url = NULL;
-	}
+	FREE_AND_NULL(freq->url);
 	if (freq->slot != NULL) {
 		freq->slot->callback_func = NULL;
 		freq->slot->callback_data = NULL;
 		release_active_slot(freq->slot);
 		freq->slot = NULL;
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&freq->tmpfile);
 }
diff --git a/http.h b/http.h
index 49afe39279..d305ca1dc7 100644
--- a/http.h
+++ b/http.h
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ struct slot_results {
 	CURLcode curl_result;
 	long http_code;
 	long auth_avail;
+	long http_connectcode;
 };
 
 struct active_request_slot {
@@ -105,14 +106,23 @@ extern void step_active_slots(void);
 extern void http_init(struct remote *remote, const char *url,
 		      int proactive_auth);
 extern void http_cleanup(void);
+extern struct curl_slist *http_copy_default_headers(void);
 
+extern long int git_curl_ipresolve;
 extern int active_requests;
 extern int http_is_verbose;
-extern size_t http_post_buffer;
+extern ssize_t http_post_buffer;
 extern struct credential http_auth;
 
 extern char curl_errorstr[CURL_ERROR_SIZE];
 
+enum http_follow_config {
+	HTTP_FOLLOW_NONE,
+	HTTP_FOLLOW_ALWAYS,
+	HTTP_FOLLOW_INITIAL
+};
+extern enum http_follow_config http_follow_config;
+
 static inline int missing__target(int code, int result)
 {
 	return	/* file:// URL -- do we ever use one??? */
@@ -136,7 +146,8 @@ extern char *get_remote_object_url(const char *url, const char *hex,
 /* Options for http_get_*() */
 struct http_get_options {
 	unsigned no_cache:1,
-		 keep_error:1;
+		 keep_error:1,
+		 initial_request:1;
 
 	/* If non-NULL, returns the content-type of the response. */
 	struct strbuf *content_type;
@@ -161,6 +172,13 @@ struct http_get_options {
 	 * for details.
 	 */
 	struct strbuf *base_url;
+
+	/*
+	 * If not NULL, contains additional HTTP headers to be sent with the
+	 * request. The strings in the list must not be freed until after the
+	 * request has completed.
+	 */
+	struct string_list *extra_headers;
 };
 
 /* Return values for http_get_*() */
@@ -189,8 +207,7 @@ struct http_pack_request {
 	struct packed_git *target;
 	struct packed_git **lst;
 	FILE *packfile;
-	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-	struct curl_slist *range_header;
+	struct strbuf tmpfile;
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 };
 
@@ -202,7 +219,7 @@ extern void release_http_pack_request(struct http_pack_request *preq);
 /* Helpers for fetching object */
 struct http_object_request {
 	char *url;
-	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
+	struct strbuf tmpfile;
 	int localfile;
 	CURLcode curl_result;
 	char errorstr[CURL_ERROR_SIZE];
@@ -223,4 +240,6 @@ extern int finish_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq);
 extern void abort_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq);
 extern void release_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq);
 
+/* setup routine for curl_easy_setopt CURLOPT_DEBUGFUNCTION */
+void setup_curl_trace(CURL *handle);
 #endif /* HTTP_H */
diff --git a/ident.c b/ident.c
index 5ff1aadaaa..327abe557f 100644
--- a/ident.c
+++ b/ident.c
@@ -6,16 +6,22 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2005 Linus Torvalds
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 
 static struct strbuf git_default_name = STRBUF_INIT;
 static struct strbuf git_default_email = STRBUF_INIT;
 static struct strbuf git_default_date = STRBUF_INIT;
+static int default_email_is_bogus;
+static int default_name_is_bogus;
+
+static int ident_use_config_only;
 
 #define IDENT_NAME_GIVEN 01
 #define IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN 02
 #define IDENT_ALL_GIVEN (IDENT_NAME_GIVEN|IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN)
 static int committer_ident_explicitly_given;
 static int author_ident_explicitly_given;
+static int ident_config_given;
 
 #ifdef NO_GECOS_IN_PWENT
 #define get_gecos(ignored) "&"
@@ -23,6 +29,25 @@ static int author_ident_explicitly_given;
 #define get_gecos(struct_passwd) ((struct_passwd)->pw_gecos)
 #endif
 
+static struct passwd *xgetpwuid_self(int *is_bogus)
+{
+	struct passwd *pw;
+
+	errno = 0;
+	pw = getpwuid(getuid());
+	if (!pw) {
+		static struct passwd fallback;
+		fallback.pw_name = "unknown";
+#ifndef NO_GECOS_IN_PWENT
+		fallback.pw_gecos = "Unknown";
+#endif
+		pw = &fallback;
+		if (is_bogus)
+			*is_bogus = 1;
+	}
+	return pw;
+}
+
 static void copy_gecos(const struct passwd *w, struct strbuf *name)
 {
 	char *src;
@@ -48,17 +73,13 @@ static int add_mailname_host(struct strbuf *buf)
 	FILE *mailname;
 	struct strbuf mailnamebuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	mailname = fopen("/etc/mailname", "r");
-	if (!mailname) {
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			warning("cannot open /etc/mailname: %s",
-				strerror(errno));
+	mailname = fopen_or_warn("/etc/mailname", "r");
+	if (!mailname)
 		return -1;
-	}
-	if (strbuf_getline(&mailnamebuf, mailname, '\n') == EOF) {
+
+	if (strbuf_getline(&mailnamebuf, mailname) == EOF) {
 		if (ferror(mailname))
-			warning("cannot read /etc/mailname: %s",
-				strerror(errno));
+			warning_errno("cannot read /etc/mailname");
 		strbuf_release(&mailnamebuf);
 		fclose(mailname);
 		return -1;
@@ -70,25 +91,52 @@ static int add_mailname_host(struct strbuf *buf)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void add_domainname(struct strbuf *out)
+static int canonical_name(const char *host, struct strbuf *out)
+{
+	int status = -1;
+
+#ifndef NO_IPV6
+	struct addrinfo hints, *ai;
+	memset (&hints, '\0', sizeof (hints));
+	hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
+	if (!getaddrinfo(host, NULL, &hints, &ai)) {
+		if (ai && ai->ai_canonname && strchr(ai->ai_canonname, '.')) {
+			strbuf_addstr(out, ai->ai_canonname);
+			status = 0;
+		}
+		freeaddrinfo(ai);
+	}
+#else
+	struct hostent *he = gethostbyname(host);
+	if (he && strchr(he->h_name, '.')) {
+		strbuf_addstr(out, he->h_name);
+		status = 0;
+	}
+#endif /* NO_IPV6 */
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+static void add_domainname(struct strbuf *out, int *is_bogus)
 {
-	char buf[1024];
-	struct hostent *he;
+	char buf[HOST_NAME_MAX + 1];
 
-	if (gethostname(buf, sizeof(buf))) {
-		warning("cannot get host name: %s", strerror(errno));
+	if (xgethostname(buf, sizeof(buf))) {
+		warning_errno("cannot get host name");
 		strbuf_addstr(out, "(none)");
+		*is_bogus = 1;
 		return;
 	}
 	if (strchr(buf, '.'))
 		strbuf_addstr(out, buf);
-	else if ((he = gethostbyname(buf)) && strchr(he->h_name, '.'))
-		strbuf_addstr(out, he->h_name);
-	else
+	else if (canonical_name(buf, out) < 0) {
 		strbuf_addf(out, "%s.(none)", buf);
+		*is_bogus = 1;
+	}
 }
 
-static void copy_email(const struct passwd *pw, struct strbuf *email)
+static void copy_email(const struct passwd *pw, struct strbuf *email,
+		       int *is_bogus)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Make up a fake email address
@@ -99,13 +147,13 @@ static void copy_email(const struct passwd *pw, struct strbuf *email)
 
 	if (!add_mailname_host(email))
 		return;	/* read from "/etc/mailname" (Debian) */
-	add_domainname(email);
+	add_domainname(email, is_bogus);
 }
 
 const char *ident_default_name(void)
 {
-	if (!git_default_name.len) {
-		copy_gecos(xgetpwuid_self(), &git_default_name);
+	if (!(ident_config_given & IDENT_NAME_GIVEN) && !git_default_name.len) {
+		copy_gecos(xgetpwuid_self(&default_name_is_bogus), &git_default_name);
 		strbuf_trim(&git_default_name);
 	}
 	return git_default_name.buf;
@@ -113,7 +161,7 @@ const char *ident_default_name(void)
 
 const char *ident_default_email(void)
 {
-	if (!git_default_email.len) {
+	if (!(ident_config_given & IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN) && !git_default_email.len) {
 		const char *email = getenv("EMAIL");
 
 		if (email && email[0]) {
@@ -121,7 +169,8 @@ const char *ident_default_email(void)
 			committer_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN;
 			author_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN;
 		} else
-			copy_email(xgetpwuid_self(), &git_default_email);
+			copy_email(xgetpwuid_self(&default_email_is_bogus),
+				   &git_default_email, &default_email_is_bogus);
 		strbuf_trim(&git_default_email);
 	}
 	return git_default_email.buf;
@@ -134,6 +183,11 @@ static const char *ident_default_date(void)
 	return git_default_date.buf;
 }
 
+void reset_ident_date(void)
+{
+	strbuf_reset(&git_default_date);
+}
+
 static int crud(unsigned char c)
 {
 	return  c <= 32  ||
@@ -148,6 +202,15 @@ static int crud(unsigned char c)
 		c == '\'';
 }
 
+static int has_non_crud(const char *str)
+{
+	for (; *str; str++) {
+		if (!crud(*str))
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /*
  * Copy over a string to the destination, but avoid special
  * characters ('\n', '<' and '>') and remove crud at the end
@@ -276,17 +339,17 @@ person_only:
 }
 
 static const char *env_hint =
-"\n"
-"*** Please tell me who you are.\n"
-"\n"
-"Run\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
-"  git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
-"\n"
-"to set your account\'s default identity.\n"
-"Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.\n"
-"\n";
+N_("\n"
+   "*** Please tell me who you are.\n"
+   "\n"
+   "Run\n"
+   "\n"
+   "  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+   "  git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+   "\n"
+   "to set your account\'s default identity.\n"
+   "Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.\n"
+   "\n");
 
 const char *fmt_ident(const char *name, const char *email,
 		      const char *date_str, int flag)
@@ -296,27 +359,46 @@ const char *fmt_ident(const char *name, const char *email,
 	int want_date = !(flag & IDENT_NO_DATE);
 	int want_name = !(flag & IDENT_NO_NAME);
 
-	if (want_name && !name)
-		name = ident_default_name();
-	if (!email)
+	if (!email) {
+		if (strict && ident_use_config_only
+		    && !(ident_config_given & IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN)) {
+			fputs(_(env_hint), stderr);
+			die(_("no email was given and auto-detection is disabled"));
+		}
 		email = ident_default_email();
-
-	if (want_name && !*name) {
-		struct passwd *pw;
-
-		if (strict) {
-			if (name == git_default_name.buf)
-				fputs(env_hint, stderr);
-			die("empty ident name (for <%s>) not allowed", email);
+		if (strict && default_email_is_bogus) {
+			fputs(_(env_hint), stderr);
+			die(_("unable to auto-detect email address (got '%s')"), email);
 		}
-		pw = xgetpwuid_self();
-		name = pw->pw_name;
 	}
 
-	if (strict && email == git_default_email.buf &&
-	    strstr(email, "(none)")) {
-		fputs(env_hint, stderr);
-		die("unable to auto-detect email address (got '%s')", email);
+	if (want_name) {
+		int using_default = 0;
+		if (!name) {
+			if (strict && ident_use_config_only
+			    && !(ident_config_given & IDENT_NAME_GIVEN)) {
+				fputs(_(env_hint), stderr);
+				die(_("no name was given and auto-detection is disabled"));
+			}
+			name = ident_default_name();
+			using_default = 1;
+			if (strict && default_name_is_bogus) {
+				fputs(_(env_hint), stderr);
+				die(_("unable to auto-detect name (got '%s')"), name);
+			}
+		}
+		if (!*name) {
+			struct passwd *pw;
+			if (strict) {
+				if (using_default)
+					fputs(_(env_hint), stderr);
+				die(_("empty ident name (for <%s>) not allowed"), email);
+			}
+			pw = xgetpwuid_self(NULL);
+			name = pw->pw_name;
+		}
+		if (strict && !has_non_crud(name))
+			die(_("name consists only of disallowed characters: %s"), name);
 	}
 
 	strbuf_reset(&ident);
@@ -331,7 +413,7 @@ const char *fmt_ident(const char *name, const char *email,
 		strbuf_addch(&ident, ' ');
 		if (date_str && date_str[0]) {
 			if (parse_date(date_str, &ident) < 0)
-				die("invalid date format: %s", date_str);
+				die(_("invalid date format: %s"), date_str);
 		}
 		else
 			strbuf_addstr(&ident, ident_default_date());
@@ -390,6 +472,11 @@ int author_ident_sufficiently_given(void)
 
 int git_ident_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
 {
+	if (!strcmp(var, "user.useconfigonly")) {
+		ident_use_config_only = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (!strcmp(var, "user.name")) {
 		if (!value)
 			return config_error_nonbool(var);
@@ -397,6 +484,7 @@ int git_ident_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
 		strbuf_addstr(&git_default_name, value);
 		committer_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_NAME_GIVEN;
 		author_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_NAME_GIVEN;
+		ident_config_given |= IDENT_NAME_GIVEN;
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -407,6 +495,7 @@ int git_ident_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
 		strbuf_addstr(&git_default_email, value);
 		committer_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN;
 		author_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN;
+		ident_config_given |= IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN;
 		return 0;
 	}
 
diff --git a/imap-send.c b/imap-send.c
index d69887da5a..b4eb886e2a 100644
--- a/imap-send.c
+++ b/imap-send.c
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@
  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "credential.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #ifdef NO_OPENSSL
@@ -34,8 +34,16 @@ typedef void *SSL;
 #include "http.h"
 #endif
 
+#if defined(USE_CURL_FOR_IMAP_SEND)
+/* Always default to curl if it's available. */
+#define USE_CURL_DEFAULT 1
+#else
+/* We don't have curl, so continue to use the historical implementation */
+#define USE_CURL_DEFAULT 0
+#endif
+
 static int verbosity;
-static int use_curl; /* strictly opt in */
+static int use_curl = USE_CURL_DEFAULT;
 
 static const char * const imap_send_usage[] = { "git imap-send [-v] [-q] [--[no-]curl] < <mbox>", NULL };
 
@@ -279,17 +287,20 @@ static int ssl_socket_connect(struct imap_socket *sock, int use_tls_only, int ve
 	SSL_library_init();
 	SSL_load_error_strings();
 
-	if (use_tls_only)
-		meth = TLSv1_method();
-	else
-		meth = SSLv23_method();
-
+	meth = SSLv23_method();
 	if (!meth) {
 		ssl_socket_perror("SSLv23_method");
 		return -1;
 	}
 
 	ctx = SSL_CTX_new(meth);
+	if (!ctx) {
+		ssl_socket_perror("SSL_CTX_new");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (use_tls_only)
+		SSL_CTX_set_options(ctx, SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2 | SSL_OP_NO_SSLv3);
 
 	if (verify)
 		SSL_CTX_set_verify(ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER, NULL);
@@ -500,7 +511,7 @@ static int nfsnprintf(char *buf, int blen, const char *fmt, ...)
 
 	va_start(va, fmt);
 	if (blen <= 0 || (unsigned)(ret = vsnprintf(buf, blen, fmt, va)) >= (unsigned)blen)
-		die("Fatal: buffer too small. Please report a bug.");
+		BUG("buffer too small. Please report a bug.");
 	va_end(va);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -672,7 +683,7 @@ static int parse_response_code(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd_cb *cb,
 	struct imap *imap = ctx->imap;
 	char *arg, *p;
 
-	if (*s != '[')
+	if (!s || *s != '[')
 		return RESP_OK;		/* no response code */
 	s++;
 	if (!(p = strchr(s, ']'))) {
@@ -681,6 +692,10 @@ static int parse_response_code(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd_cb *cb,
 	}
 	*p++ = 0;
 	arg = next_arg(&s);
+	if (!arg) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: empty response code\n");
+		return RESP_BAD;
+	}
 	if (!strcmp("UIDVALIDITY", arg)) {
 		if (!(arg = next_arg(&s)) || !(ctx->uidvalidity = atoi(arg))) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: malformed UIDVALIDITY status\n");
@@ -713,7 +728,8 @@ static int get_cmd_result(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd *tcmd)
 {
 	struct imap *imap = ctx->imap;
 	struct imap_cmd *cmdp, **pcmdp;
-	char *cmd, *arg, *arg1;
+	char *cmd;
+	const char *arg, *arg1;
 	int n, resp, resp2, tag;
 
 	for (;;) {
@@ -721,6 +737,10 @@ static int get_cmd_result(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd *tcmd)
 			return RESP_BAD;
 
 		arg = next_arg(&cmd);
+		if (!arg) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: empty response\n");
+			return RESP_BAD;
+		}
 		if (*arg == '*') {
 			arg = next_arg(&cmd);
 			if (!arg) {
@@ -765,8 +785,7 @@ static int get_cmd_result(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd *tcmd)
 			       offsetof(struct imap_cmd, next));
 			if (cmdp->cb.data) {
 				n = socket_write(&imap->buf.sock, cmdp->cb.data, cmdp->cb.dlen);
-				free(cmdp->cb.data);
-				cmdp->cb.data = NULL;
+				FREE_AND_NULL(cmdp->cb.data);
 				if (n != (int)cmdp->cb.dlen)
 					return RESP_BAD;
 			} else if (cmdp->cb.cont) {
@@ -796,6 +815,8 @@ static int get_cmd_result(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd *tcmd)
 			if (cmdp->cb.cont || cmdp->cb.data)
 				imap->literal_pending = 0;
 			arg = next_arg(&cmd);
+			if (!arg)
+				arg = "";
 			if (!strcmp("OK", arg))
 				resp = DRV_OK;
 			else {
@@ -850,11 +871,10 @@ static char hexchar(unsigned int b)
 	return b < 10 ? '0' + b : 'a' + (b - 10);
 }
 
-#define ENCODED_SIZE(n) (4*((n+2)/3))
+#define ENCODED_SIZE(n) (4 * DIV_ROUND_UP((n), 3))
 static char *cram(const char *challenge_64, const char *user, const char *pass)
 {
 	int i, resp_len, encoded_len, decoded_len;
-	HMAC_CTX hmac;
 	unsigned char hash[16];
 	char hex[33];
 	char *response, *response_64, *challenge;
@@ -869,10 +889,8 @@ static char *cram(const char *challenge_64, const char *user, const char *pass)
 				      (unsigned char *)challenge_64, encoded_len);
 	if (decoded_len < 0)
 		die("invalid challenge %s", challenge_64);
-	HMAC_Init(&hmac, (unsigned char *)pass, strlen(pass), EVP_md5());
-	HMAC_Update(&hmac, (unsigned char *)challenge, decoded_len);
-	HMAC_Final(&hmac, hash, NULL);
-	HMAC_CTX_cleanup(&hmac);
+	if (!HMAC(EVP_md5(), pass, strlen(pass), (unsigned char *)challenge, decoded_len, hash, NULL))
+		die("HMAC error");
 
 	hex[32] = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
@@ -881,16 +899,14 @@ static char *cram(const char *challenge_64, const char *user, const char *pass)
 	}
 
 	/* response: "<user> <digest in hex>" */
-	resp_len = strlen(user) + 1 + strlen(hex) + 1;
-	response = xmalloc(resp_len);
-	sprintf(response, "%s %s", user, hex);
+	response = xstrfmt("%s %s", user, hex);
+	resp_len = strlen(response);
 
-	response_64 = xmalloc(ENCODED_SIZE(resp_len) + 1);
+	response_64 = xmallocz(ENCODED_SIZE(resp_len));
 	encoded_len = EVP_EncodeBlock((unsigned char *)response_64,
 				      (unsigned char *)response, resp_len);
 	if (encoded_len < 0)
 		die("EVP_EncodeBlock error");
-	response_64[encoded_len] = '\0';
 	return (char *)response_64;
 }
 
@@ -920,6 +936,25 @@ static int auth_cram_md5(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd *cmd, const cha
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void server_fill_credential(struct imap_server_conf *srvc, struct credential *cred)
+{
+	if (srvc->user && srvc->pass)
+		return;
+
+	cred->protocol = xstrdup(srvc->use_ssl ? "imaps" : "imap");
+	cred->host = xstrdup(srvc->host);
+
+	cred->username = xstrdup_or_null(srvc->user);
+	cred->password = xstrdup_or_null(srvc->pass);
+
+	credential_fill(cred);
+
+	if (!srvc->user)
+		srvc->user = xstrdup(cred->username);
+	if (!srvc->pass)
+		srvc->pass = xstrdup(cred->password);
+}
+
 static struct imap_store *imap_open_store(struct imap_server_conf *srvc, char *folder)
 {
 	struct credential cred = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
@@ -958,7 +993,7 @@ static struct imap_store *imap_open_store(struct imap_server_conf *srvc, char *f
 		int gai;
 		char portstr[6];
 
-		snprintf(portstr, sizeof(portstr), "%d", srvc->port);
+		xsnprintf(portstr, sizeof(portstr), "%d", srvc->port);
 
 		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
 		hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
@@ -1072,27 +1107,7 @@ static struct imap_store *imap_open_store(struct imap_server_conf *srvc, char *f
 		}
 #endif
 		imap_info("Logging in...\n");
-		if (!srvc->user || !srvc->pass) {
-			cred.protocol = xstrdup(srvc->use_ssl ? "imaps" : "imap");
-			cred.host = xstrdup(srvc->host);
-
-			if (srvc->user)
-				cred.username = xstrdup(srvc->user);
-			if (srvc->pass)
-				cred.password = xstrdup(srvc->pass);
-
-			credential_fill(&cred);
-
-			if (!srvc->user)
-				srvc->user = xstrdup(cred.username);
-			if (!srvc->pass)
-				srvc->pass = xstrdup(cred.password);
-		}
-
-		if (CAP(NOLOGIN)) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Skipping account %s@%s, server forbids LOGIN\n", srvc->user, srvc->host);
-			goto bail;
-		}
+		server_fill_credential(srvc, &cred);
 
 		if (srvc->auth_method) {
 			struct imap_cmd_cb cb;
@@ -1117,6 +1132,11 @@ static struct imap_store *imap_open_store(struct imap_server_conf *srvc, char *f
 				goto bail;
 			}
 		} else {
+			if (CAP(NOLOGIN)) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "Skipping account %s@%s, server forbids LOGIN\n",
+					srvc->user, srvc->host);
+				goto bail;
+			}
 			if (!imap->buf.sock.ssl)
 				imap_warn("*** IMAP Warning *** Password is being "
 					  "sent in the clear\n");
@@ -1169,11 +1189,11 @@ bail:
  */
 static void lf_to_crlf(struct strbuf *msg)
 {
-	char *new;
+	char *new_msg;
 	size_t i, j;
 	char lastc;
 
-	/* First pass: tally, in j, the size of the new string: */
+	/* First pass: tally, in j, the size of the new_msg string: */
 	for (i = j = 0, lastc = '\0'; i < msg->len; i++) {
 		if (msg->buf[i] == '\n' && lastc != '\r')
 			j++; /* a CR will need to be added here */
@@ -1181,18 +1201,18 @@ static void lf_to_crlf(struct strbuf *msg)
 		j++;
 	}
 
-	new = xmalloc(j + 1);
+	new_msg = xmallocz(j);
 
 	/*
-	 * Second pass: write the new string.  Note that this loop is
+	 * Second pass: write the new_msg string.  Note that this loop is
 	 * otherwise identical to the first pass.
 	 */
 	for (i = j = 0, lastc = '\0'; i < msg->len; i++) {
 		if (msg->buf[i] == '\n' && lastc != '\r')
-			new[j++] = '\r';
-		lastc = new[j++] = msg->buf[i];
+			new_msg[j++] = '\r';
+		lastc = new_msg[j++] = msg->buf[i];
 	}
-	strbuf_attach(msg, new, j, j + 1);
+	strbuf_attach(msg, new_msg, j, j + 1);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1388,10 +1408,11 @@ static int append_msgs_to_imap(struct imap_server_conf *server,
 }
 
 #ifdef USE_CURL_FOR_IMAP_SEND
-static CURL *setup_curl(struct imap_server_conf *srvc)
+static CURL *setup_curl(struct imap_server_conf *srvc, struct credential *cred)
 {
 	CURL *curl;
 	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *uri_encoded_folder;
 
 	if (curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_ALL) != CURLE_OK)
 		die("curl_global_init failed");
@@ -1401,24 +1422,35 @@ static CURL *setup_curl(struct imap_server_conf *srvc)
 	if (!curl)
 		die("curl_easy_init failed");
 
+	server_fill_credential(&server, cred);
 	curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_USERNAME, server.user);
 	curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_PASSWORD, server.pass);
 
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, server.use_ssl ? "imaps://" : "imap://");
 	strbuf_addstr(&path, server.host);
 	if (!path.len || path.buf[path.len - 1] != '/')
 		strbuf_addch(&path, '/');
-	strbuf_addstr(&path, server.folder);
+
+	uri_encoded_folder = curl_easy_escape(curl, server.folder, 0);
+	if (!uri_encoded_folder)
+		die("failed to encode server folder");
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, uri_encoded_folder);
+	curl_free(uri_encoded_folder);
 
 	curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, path.buf);
 	strbuf_release(&path);
 	curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_PORT, server.port);
 
 	if (server.auth_method) {
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM < 0x072200
+		warning("No LOGIN_OPTIONS support in this cURL version");
+#else
 		struct strbuf auth = STRBUF_INIT;
 		strbuf_addstr(&auth, "AUTH=");
 		strbuf_addstr(&auth, server.auth_method);
 		curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_LOGIN_OPTIONS, auth.buf);
 		strbuf_release(&auth);
+#endif
 	}
 
 	if (!server.use_ssl)
@@ -1433,6 +1465,7 @@ static CURL *setup_curl(struct imap_server_conf *srvc)
 
 	if (0 < verbosity || getenv("GIT_CURL_VERBOSE"))
 		curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1L);
+	setup_curl_trace(curl);
 
 	return curl;
 }
@@ -1444,8 +1477,9 @@ static int curl_append_msgs_to_imap(struct imap_server_conf *server,
 	struct buffer msgbuf = { STRBUF_INIT, 0 };
 	CURL *curl;
 	CURLcode res = CURLE_OK;
+	struct credential cred = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
 
-	curl = setup_curl(server);
+	curl = setup_curl(server, &cred);
 	curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_READDATA, &msgbuf);
 
 	fprintf(stderr, "sending %d message%s\n", total, (total != 1) ? "s" : "");
@@ -1480,20 +1514,29 @@ static int curl_append_msgs_to_imap(struct imap_server_conf *server,
 	curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
 	curl_global_cleanup();
 
-	return 0;
+	if (cred.username) {
+		if (res == CURLE_OK)
+			credential_approve(&cred);
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070d01
+		else if (res == CURLE_LOGIN_DENIED)
+#else
+		else
+#endif
+			credential_reject(&cred);
+	}
+
+	credential_clear(&cred);
+
+	return res != CURLE_OK;
 }
 #endif
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	struct strbuf all_msgs = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int total;
 	int nongit_ok;
 
-	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
-
-	git_setup_gettext();
-
 	setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit_ok);
 	git_imap_config();
 
@@ -1504,9 +1547,14 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
 #ifndef USE_CURL_FOR_IMAP_SEND
 	if (use_curl) {
-		warning("--use-curl not supported in this build");
+		warning("--curl not supported in this build");
 		use_curl = 0;
 	}
+#elif defined(NO_OPENSSL)
+	if (!use_curl) {
+		warning("--no-curl not supported in this build");
+		use_curl = 1;
+	}
 #endif
 
 	if (!server.port)
diff --git a/iterator.h b/iterator.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0f6900e43a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/iterator.h
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#ifndef ITERATOR_H
+#define ITERATOR_H
+
+/*
+ * Generic constants related to iterators.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The attempt to advance the iterator was successful; the iterator
+ * reflects the new current entry.
+ */
+#define ITER_OK 0
+
+/*
+ * The iterator is exhausted and has been freed.
+ */
+#define ITER_DONE -1
+
+/*
+ * The iterator experienced an error. The iteration has been aborted
+ * and the iterator has been freed.
+ */
+#define ITER_ERROR -2
+
+/*
+ * Return values for selector functions for merge iterators. The
+ * numerical values of these constants are important and must be
+ * compatible with ITER_DONE and ITER_ERROR.
+ */
+enum iterator_selection {
+	/* End the iteration without an error: */
+	ITER_SELECT_DONE = ITER_DONE,
+
+	/* Report an error and abort the iteration: */
+	ITER_SELECT_ERROR = ITER_ERROR,
+
+	/*
+	 * The next group of constants are masks that are useful
+	 * mainly internally.
+	 */
+
+	/* The LSB selects whether iter0/iter1 is the "current" iterator: */
+	ITER_CURRENT_SELECTION_MASK = 0x01,
+
+	/* iter0 is the "current" iterator this round: */
+	ITER_CURRENT_SELECTION_0 = 0x00,
+
+	/* iter1 is the "current" iterator this round: */
+	ITER_CURRENT_SELECTION_1 = 0x01,
+
+	/* Yield the value from the current iterator? */
+	ITER_YIELD_CURRENT = 0x02,
+
+	/* Discard the value from the secondary iterator? */
+	ITER_SKIP_SECONDARY = 0x04,
+
+	/*
+	 * The constants that a selector function should usually
+	 * return.
+	 */
+
+	/* Yield the value from iter0: */
+	ITER_SELECT_0 = ITER_CURRENT_SELECTION_0 | ITER_YIELD_CURRENT,
+
+	/* Yield the value from iter0 and discard the one from iter1: */
+	ITER_SELECT_0_SKIP_1 = ITER_SELECT_0 | ITER_SKIP_SECONDARY,
+
+	/* Discard the value from iter0 without yielding anything this round: */
+	ITER_SKIP_0 = ITER_CURRENT_SELECTION_1 | ITER_SKIP_SECONDARY,
+
+	/* Yield the value from iter1: */
+	ITER_SELECT_1 = ITER_CURRENT_SELECTION_1 | ITER_YIELD_CURRENT,
+
+	/* Yield the value from iter1 and discard the one from iter0: */
+	ITER_SELECT_1_SKIP_0 = ITER_SELECT_1 | ITER_SKIP_SECONDARY,
+
+	/* Discard the value from iter1 without yielding anything this round: */
+	ITER_SKIP_1 = ITER_CURRENT_SELECTION_0 | ITER_SKIP_SECONDARY
+};
+
+#endif /* ITERATOR_H */
diff --git a/json-writer.c b/json-writer.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aadb9dbddc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/json-writer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,414 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "json-writer.h"
+
+void jw_init(struct json_writer *jw)
+{
+	strbuf_init(&jw->json, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&jw->open_stack, 0);
+	jw->need_comma = 0;
+	jw->pretty = 0;
+}
+
+void jw_release(struct json_writer *jw)
+{
+	strbuf_release(&jw->json);
+	strbuf_release(&jw->open_stack);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Append JSON-quoted version of the given string to 'out'.
+ */
+static void append_quoted_string(struct strbuf *out, const char *in)
+{
+	unsigned char c;
+
+	strbuf_addch(out, '"');
+	while ((c = *in++) != '\0') {
+		if (c == '"')
+			strbuf_addstr(out, "\\\"");
+		else if (c == '\\')
+			strbuf_addstr(out, "\\\\");
+		else if (c == '\n')
+			strbuf_addstr(out, "\\n");
+		else if (c == '\r')
+			strbuf_addstr(out, "\\r");
+		else if (c == '\t')
+			strbuf_addstr(out, "\\t");
+		else if (c == '\f')
+			strbuf_addstr(out, "\\f");
+		else if (c == '\b')
+			strbuf_addstr(out, "\\b");
+		else if (c < 0x20)
+			strbuf_addf(out, "\\u%04x", c);
+		else
+			strbuf_addch(out, c);
+	}
+	strbuf_addch(out, '"');
+}
+
+static void indent_pretty(struct json_writer *jw)
+{
+	int k;
+
+	for (k = 0; k < jw->open_stack.len; k++)
+		strbuf_addstr(&jw->json, "  ");
+}
+
+/*
+ * Begin an object or array (either top-level or nested within the currently
+ * open object or array).
+ */
+static void begin(struct json_writer *jw, char ch_open, int pretty)
+{
+	jw->pretty = pretty;
+
+	strbuf_addch(&jw->json, ch_open);
+
+	strbuf_addch(&jw->open_stack, ch_open);
+	jw->need_comma = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Assert that the top of the open-stack is an object.
+ */
+static void assert_in_object(const struct json_writer *jw, const char *key)
+{
+	if (!jw->open_stack.len)
+		BUG("json-writer: object: missing jw_object_begin(): '%s'", key);
+	if (jw->open_stack.buf[jw->open_stack.len - 1] != '{')
+		BUG("json-writer: object: not in object: '%s'", key);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Assert that the top of the open-stack is an array.
+ */
+static void assert_in_array(const struct json_writer *jw)
+{
+	if (!jw->open_stack.len)
+		BUG("json-writer: array: missing jw_array_begin()");
+	if (jw->open_stack.buf[jw->open_stack.len - 1] != '[')
+		BUG("json-writer: array: not in array");
+}
+
+/*
+ * Add comma if we have already seen a member at this level.
+ */
+static void maybe_add_comma(struct json_writer *jw)
+{
+	if (jw->need_comma)
+		strbuf_addch(&jw->json, ',');
+	else
+		jw->need_comma = 1;
+}
+
+static void fmt_double(struct json_writer *jw, int precision,
+			      double value)
+{
+	if (precision < 0) {
+		strbuf_addf(&jw->json, "%f", value);
+	} else {
+		struct strbuf fmt = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addf(&fmt, "%%.%df", precision);
+		strbuf_addf(&jw->json, fmt.buf, value);
+		strbuf_release(&fmt);
+	}
+}
+
+static void object_common(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key)
+{
+	assert_in_object(jw, key);
+	maybe_add_comma(jw);
+
+	if (jw->pretty) {
+		strbuf_addch(&jw->json, '\n');
+		indent_pretty(jw);
+	}
+
+	append_quoted_string(&jw->json, key);
+	strbuf_addch(&jw->json, ':');
+	if (jw->pretty)
+		strbuf_addch(&jw->json, ' ');
+}
+
+static void array_common(struct json_writer *jw)
+{
+	assert_in_array(jw);
+	maybe_add_comma(jw);
+
+	if (jw->pretty) {
+		strbuf_addch(&jw->json, '\n');
+		indent_pretty(jw);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Assert that the given JSON object or JSON array has been properly
+ * terminated.  (Has closing bracket.)
+ */
+static void assert_is_terminated(const struct json_writer *jw)
+{
+	if (jw->open_stack.len)
+		BUG("json-writer: object: missing jw_end(): '%s'",
+		    jw->json.buf);
+}
+
+void jw_object_begin(struct json_writer *jw, int pretty)
+{
+	begin(jw, '{', pretty);
+}
+
+void jw_object_string(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key, const char *value)
+{
+	object_common(jw, key);
+	append_quoted_string(&jw->json, value);
+}
+
+void jw_object_intmax(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key, intmax_t value)
+{
+	object_common(jw, key);
+	strbuf_addf(&jw->json, "%"PRIdMAX, value);
+}
+
+void jw_object_double(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key, int precision,
+		      double value)
+{
+	object_common(jw, key);
+	fmt_double(jw, precision, value);
+}
+
+void jw_object_true(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key)
+{
+	object_common(jw, key);
+	strbuf_addstr(&jw->json, "true");
+}
+
+void jw_object_false(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key)
+{
+	object_common(jw, key);
+	strbuf_addstr(&jw->json, "false");
+}
+
+void jw_object_bool(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key, int value)
+{
+	if (value)
+		jw_object_true(jw, key);
+	else
+		jw_object_false(jw, key);
+}
+
+void jw_object_null(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key)
+{
+	object_common(jw, key);
+	strbuf_addstr(&jw->json, "null");
+}
+
+static void increase_indent(struct strbuf *sb,
+			    const struct json_writer *jw,
+			    int indent)
+{
+	int k;
+
+	strbuf_reset(sb);
+	for (k = 0; k < jw->json.len; k++) {
+		char ch = jw->json.buf[k];
+		strbuf_addch(sb, ch);
+		if (ch == '\n')
+			strbuf_addchars(sb, ' ', indent);
+	}
+}
+
+static void kill_indent(struct strbuf *sb,
+			const struct json_writer *jw)
+{
+	int k;
+	int eat_it = 0;
+
+	strbuf_reset(sb);
+	for (k = 0; k < jw->json.len; k++) {
+		char ch = jw->json.buf[k];
+		if (eat_it && ch == ' ')
+			continue;
+		if (ch == '\n') {
+			eat_it = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		eat_it = 0;
+		strbuf_addch(sb, ch);
+	}
+}
+
+static void append_sub_jw(struct json_writer *jw,
+			  const struct json_writer *value)
+{
+	/*
+	 * If both are pretty, increase the indentation of the sub_jw
+	 * to better fit under the super.
+	 *
+	 * If the super is pretty, but the sub_jw is compact, leave the
+	 * sub_jw compact.  (We don't want to parse and rebuild the sub_jw
+	 * for this debug-ish feature.)
+	 *
+	 * If the super is compact, and the sub_jw is pretty, convert
+	 * the sub_jw to compact.
+	 *
+	 * If both are compact, keep the sub_jw compact.
+	 */
+	if (jw->pretty && jw->open_stack.len && value->pretty) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+		increase_indent(&sb, value, jw->open_stack.len * 2);
+		strbuf_addbuf(&jw->json, &sb);
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		return;
+	}
+	if (!jw->pretty && value->pretty) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+		kill_indent(&sb, value);
+		strbuf_addbuf(&jw->json, &sb);
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addbuf(&jw->json, &value->json);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Append existing (properly terminated) JSON sub-data (object or array)
+ * as-is onto the given JSON data.
+ */
+void jw_object_sub_jw(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key,
+		      const struct json_writer *value)
+{
+	assert_is_terminated(value);
+
+	object_common(jw, key);
+	append_sub_jw(jw, value);
+}
+
+void jw_object_inline_begin_object(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key)
+{
+	object_common(jw, key);
+
+	jw_object_begin(jw, jw->pretty);
+}
+
+void jw_object_inline_begin_array(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key)
+{
+	object_common(jw, key);
+
+	jw_array_begin(jw, jw->pretty);
+}
+
+void jw_array_begin(struct json_writer *jw, int pretty)
+{
+	begin(jw, '[', pretty);
+}
+
+void jw_array_string(struct json_writer *jw, const char *value)
+{
+	array_common(jw);
+	append_quoted_string(&jw->json, value);
+}
+
+void jw_array_intmax(struct json_writer *jw, intmax_t value)
+{
+	array_common(jw);
+	strbuf_addf(&jw->json, "%"PRIdMAX, value);
+}
+
+void jw_array_double(struct json_writer *jw, int precision, double value)
+{
+	array_common(jw);
+	fmt_double(jw, precision, value);
+}
+
+void jw_array_true(struct json_writer *jw)
+{
+	array_common(jw);
+	strbuf_addstr(&jw->json, "true");
+}
+
+void jw_array_false(struct json_writer *jw)
+{
+	array_common(jw);
+	strbuf_addstr(&jw->json, "false");
+}
+
+void jw_array_bool(struct json_writer *jw, int value)
+{
+	if (value)
+		jw_array_true(jw);
+	else
+		jw_array_false(jw);
+}
+
+void jw_array_null(struct json_writer *jw)
+{
+	array_common(jw);
+	strbuf_addstr(&jw->json, "null");
+}
+
+void jw_array_sub_jw(struct json_writer *jw, const struct json_writer *value)
+{
+	assert_is_terminated(value);
+
+	array_common(jw);
+	append_sub_jw(jw, value);
+}
+
+void jw_array_argc_argv(struct json_writer *jw, int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	int k;
+
+	for (k = 0; k < argc; k++)
+		jw_array_string(jw, argv[k]);
+}
+
+void jw_array_argv(struct json_writer *jw, const char **argv)
+{
+	while (*argv)
+		jw_array_string(jw, *argv++);
+}
+
+void jw_array_inline_begin_object(struct json_writer *jw)
+{
+	array_common(jw);
+
+	jw_object_begin(jw, jw->pretty);
+}
+
+void jw_array_inline_begin_array(struct json_writer *jw)
+{
+	array_common(jw);
+
+	jw_array_begin(jw, jw->pretty);
+}
+
+int jw_is_terminated(const struct json_writer *jw)
+{
+	return !jw->open_stack.len;
+}
+
+void jw_end(struct json_writer *jw)
+{
+	char ch_open;
+	int len;
+
+	if (!jw->open_stack.len)
+		BUG("json-writer: too many jw_end(): '%s'", jw->json.buf);
+
+	len = jw->open_stack.len - 1;
+	ch_open = jw->open_stack.buf[len];
+
+	strbuf_setlen(&jw->open_stack, len);
+	jw->need_comma = 1;
+
+	if (jw->pretty) {
+		strbuf_addch(&jw->json, '\n');
+		indent_pretty(jw);
+	}
+
+	if (ch_open == '{')
+		strbuf_addch(&jw->json, '}');
+	else
+		strbuf_addch(&jw->json, ']');
+}
diff --git a/json-writer.h b/json-writer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fc18acc7d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/json-writer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+#ifndef JSON_WRITER_H
+#define JSON_WRITER_H
+
+/*
+ * JSON data structures are defined at:
+ * [1] http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc7159.txt
+ * [2] http://json.org/
+ *
+ * The JSON-writer API allows one to build JSON data structures using a
+ * simple wrapper around a "struct strbuf" buffer.  It is intended as a
+ * simple API to build output strings; it is not intended to be a general
+ * object model for JSON data.  In particular, it does not re-order keys
+ * in an object (dictionary), it does not de-dup keys in an object, and
+ * it does not allow lookup or parsing of JSON data.
+ *
+ * All string values (both keys and string r-values) are properly quoted
+ * and escaped if they contain special characters.
+ *
+ * These routines create compact JSON data (with no unnecessary whitespace,
+ * newlines, or indenting).  If you get an unexpected response, verify
+ * that you're not expecting a pretty JSON string.
+ *
+ * Both "JSON objects" (aka sets of k/v pairs) and "JSON array" can be
+ * constructed using a 'begin append* end' model.
+ *
+ * Nested objects and arrays can either be constructed bottom up (by
+ * creating sub object/arrays first and appending them to the super
+ * object/array) -or- by building them inline in one pass.  This is a
+ * personal style and/or data shape choice.
+ *
+ * See t/helper/test-json-writer.c for various usage examples.
+ *
+ * LIMITATIONS:
+ * ============
+ *
+ * The JSON specification [1,2] defines string values as Unicode data
+ * and probably UTF-8 encoded.  The current json-writer API does not
+ * enforce this and will write any string as received.  However, it will
+ * properly quote and backslash-escape them as necessary.  It is up to
+ * the caller to UTF-8 encode their strings *before* passing them to this
+ * API.  This layer should not have to try to guess the encoding or locale
+ * of the given strings.
+ */
+
+struct json_writer
+{
+	/*
+	 * Buffer of the in-progress JSON currently being composed.
+	 */
+	struct strbuf json;
+
+	/*
+	 * Simple stack of the currently open array and object forms.
+	 * This is a string of '{' and '[' characters indicating the
+	 * currently unterminated forms.  This is used to ensure the
+	 * properly closing character is used when popping a level and
+	 * to know when the JSON is completely closed.
+	 */
+	struct strbuf open_stack;
+
+	unsigned int need_comma:1;
+	unsigned int pretty:1;
+};
+
+#define JSON_WRITER_INIT { STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT, 0, 0 }
+
+void jw_init(struct json_writer *jw);
+void jw_release(struct json_writer *jw);
+
+void jw_object_begin(struct json_writer *jw, int pretty);
+void jw_array_begin(struct json_writer *jw, int pretty);
+
+void jw_object_string(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key,
+		      const char *value);
+void jw_object_intmax(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key, intmax_t value);
+void jw_object_double(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key, int precision,
+		      double value);
+void jw_object_true(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key);
+void jw_object_false(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key);
+void jw_object_bool(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key, int value);
+void jw_object_null(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key);
+void jw_object_sub_jw(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key,
+		      const struct json_writer *value);
+
+void jw_object_inline_begin_object(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key);
+void jw_object_inline_begin_array(struct json_writer *jw, const char *key);
+
+void jw_array_string(struct json_writer *jw, const char *value);
+void jw_array_intmax(struct json_writer *jw, intmax_t value);
+void jw_array_double(struct json_writer *jw, int precision, double value);
+void jw_array_true(struct json_writer *jw);
+void jw_array_false(struct json_writer *jw);
+void jw_array_bool(struct json_writer *jw, int value);
+void jw_array_null(struct json_writer *jw);
+void jw_array_sub_jw(struct json_writer *jw, const struct json_writer *value);
+void jw_array_argc_argv(struct json_writer *jw, int argc, const char **argv);
+void jw_array_argv(struct json_writer *jw, const char **argv);
+
+void jw_array_inline_begin_object(struct json_writer *jw);
+void jw_array_inline_begin_array(struct json_writer *jw);
+
+int jw_is_terminated(const struct json_writer *jw);
+void jw_end(struct json_writer *jw);
+
+#endif /* JSON_WRITER_H */
diff --git a/khash.h b/khash.h
index 376475a5ea..07b4cc2e67 100644
--- a/khash.h
+++ b/khash.h
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@
 #ifndef __AC_KHASH_H
 #define __AC_KHASH_H
 
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "hashmap.h"
+
 #define AC_VERSION_KHASH_H "0.2.8"
 
 typedef uint32_t khint32_t;
@@ -117,7 +120,7 @@ static const double __ac_HASH_UPPER = 0.77;
 			if (new_n_buckets < 4) new_n_buckets = 4;					\
 			if (h->size >= (khint_t)(new_n_buckets * __ac_HASH_UPPER + 0.5)) j = 0;	/* requested size is too small */ \
 			else { /* hash table size to be changed (shrink or expand); rehash */ \
-				new_flags = (khint32_t*)xmalloc(__ac_fsize(new_n_buckets) * sizeof(khint32_t));	\
+				ALLOC_ARRAY(new_flags, __ac_fsize(new_n_buckets)); \
 				if (!new_flags) return -1;								\
 				memset(new_flags, 0xaa, __ac_fsize(new_n_buckets) * sizeof(khint32_t)); \
 				if (h->n_buckets < new_n_buckets) {	/* expand */		\
diff --git a/kwset.c b/kwset.c
index e6236a0359..4fb6455aca 100644
--- a/kwset.c
+++ b/kwset.c
@@ -18,9 +18,7 @@
    GNU General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-   Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
-   02110-1301, USA.  */
+   along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
 
 /* Written August 1989 by Mike Haertel.
    The author may be reached (Email) at the address mike@ai.mit.edu,
diff --git a/kwset.h b/kwset.h
index 61a134f256..583f6268ef 100644
--- a/kwset.h
+++ b/kwset.h
@@ -17,9 +17,7 @@
    GNU General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-   Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
-   02110-1301, USA.  */
+   along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
 
 /* Written August 1989 by Mike Haertel.
    The author may be reached (Email) at the address mike@ai.mit.edu,
diff --git a/levenshtein.c b/levenshtein.c
index fc281597fd..d2632690d5 100644
--- a/levenshtein.c
+++ b/levenshtein.c
@@ -42,11 +42,13 @@ int levenshtein(const char *string1, const char *string2,
 		int w, int s, int a, int d)
 {
 	int len1 = strlen(string1), len2 = strlen(string2);
-	int *row0 = xmalloc(sizeof(int) * (len2 + 1));
-	int *row1 = xmalloc(sizeof(int) * (len2 + 1));
-	int *row2 = xmalloc(sizeof(int) * (len2 + 1));
+	int *row0, *row1, *row2;
 	int i, j;
 
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(row0, len2 + 1);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(row1, len2 + 1);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(row2, len2 + 1);
+
 	for (j = 0; j <= len2; j++)
 		row1[j] = j * a;
 	for (i = 0; i < len1; i++) {
diff --git a/line-log.c b/line-log.c
index a490efea07..72a5fed661 100644
--- a/line-log.c
+++ b/line-log.c
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "graph.h"
 #include "userdiff.h"
 #include "line-log.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
 
 static void range_set_grow(struct range_set *rs, size_t extra)
 {
@@ -33,18 +34,18 @@ void range_set_init(struct range_set *rs, size_t prealloc)
 
 void range_set_release(struct range_set *rs)
 {
-	free(rs->ranges);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(rs->ranges);
 	rs->alloc = rs->nr = 0;
-	rs->ranges = NULL;
 }
 
 /* dst must be uninitialized! */
 static void range_set_copy(struct range_set *dst, struct range_set *src)
 {
 	range_set_init(dst, src->nr);
-	memcpy(dst->ranges, src->ranges, src->nr*sizeof(struct range_set));
+	COPY_ARRAY(dst->ranges, src->ranges, src->nr);
 	dst->nr = src->nr;
 }
+
 static void range_set_move(struct range_set *dst, struct range_set *src)
 {
 	range_set_release(dst);
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ static int range_cmp(const void *_r, const void *_s)
  */
 static void range_set_check_invariants(struct range_set *rs)
 {
-	int i;
+	unsigned int i;
 
 	if (!rs)
 		return;
@@ -109,10 +110,10 @@ static void range_set_check_invariants(struct range_set *rs)
  */
 void sort_and_merge_range_set(struct range_set *rs)
 {
-	int i;
-	int o = 0; /* output cursor */
+	unsigned int i;
+	unsigned int o = 0; /* output cursor */
 
-	qsort(rs->ranges, rs->nr, sizeof(struct range), range_cmp);
+	QSORT(rs->ranges, rs->nr, range_cmp);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < rs->nr; i++) {
 		if (rs->ranges[i].start == rs->ranges[i].end)
@@ -143,39 +144,38 @@ void sort_and_merge_range_set(struct range_set *rs)
 static void range_set_union(struct range_set *out,
 			     struct range_set *a, struct range_set *b)
 {
-	int i = 0, j = 0, o = 0;
+	unsigned int i = 0, j = 0;
 	struct range *ra = a->ranges;
 	struct range *rb = b->ranges;
 	/* cannot make an alias of out->ranges: it may change during grow */
 
 	assert(out->nr == 0);
 	while (i < a->nr || j < b->nr) {
-		struct range *new;
+		struct range *new_range;
 		if (i < a->nr && j < b->nr) {
 			if (ra[i].start < rb[j].start)
-				new = &ra[i++];
+				new_range = &ra[i++];
 			else if (ra[i].start > rb[j].start)
-				new = &rb[j++];
+				new_range = &rb[j++];
 			else if (ra[i].end < rb[j].end)
-				new = &ra[i++];
+				new_range = &ra[i++];
 			else
-				new = &rb[j++];
+				new_range = &rb[j++];
 		} else if (i < a->nr)      /* b exhausted */
-			new = &ra[i++];
+			new_range = &ra[i++];
 		else                       /* a exhausted */
-			new = &rb[j++];
-		if (new->start == new->end)
+			new_range = &rb[j++];
+		if (new_range->start == new_range->end)
 			; /* empty range */
-		else if (!o || out->ranges[o-1].end < new->start) {
+		else if (!out->nr || out->ranges[out->nr-1].end < new_range->start) {
 			range_set_grow(out, 1);
-			out->ranges[o].start = new->start;
-			out->ranges[o].end = new->end;
-			o++;
-		} else if (out->ranges[o-1].end < new->end) {
-			out->ranges[o-1].end = new->end;
+			out->ranges[out->nr].start = new_range->start;
+			out->ranges[out->nr].end = new_range->end;
+			out->nr++;
+		} else if (out->ranges[out->nr-1].end < new_range->end) {
+			out->ranges[out->nr-1].end = new_range->end;
 		}
 	}
-	out->nr = o;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ static void range_set_union(struct range_set *out,
 static void range_set_difference(struct range_set *out,
 				  struct range_set *a, struct range_set *b)
 {
-	int i, j =  0;
+	unsigned int i, j =  0;
 	for (i = 0; i < a->nr; i++) {
 		long start = a->ranges[i].start;
 		long end = a->ranges[i].end;
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ static int collect_diff_cb(long start_a, long count_a,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void collect_diff(mmfile_t *parent, mmfile_t *target, struct diff_ranges *out)
+static int collect_diff(mmfile_t *parent, mmfile_t *target, struct diff_ranges *out)
 {
 	struct collect_diff_cbdata cbdata = {NULL};
 	xpparam_t xpp;
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ static void collect_diff(mmfile_t *parent, mmfile_t *target, struct diff_ranges
 	xecfg.hunk_func = collect_diff_cb;
 	memset(&ecb, 0, sizeof(ecb));
 	ecb.priv = &cbdata;
-	xdi_diff(parent, target, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
+	return xdi_diff(parent, target, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ static void diff_ranges_filter_touched(struct diff_ranges *out,
 				       struct diff_ranges *diff,
 				       struct range_set *rs)
 {
-	int i, j = 0;
+	unsigned int i, j = 0;
 
 	assert(out->target.nr == 0);
 
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ static void range_set_shift_diff(struct range_set *out,
 				 struct range_set *rs,
 				 struct diff_ranges *diff)
 {
-	int i, j = 0;
+	unsigned int i, j = 0;
 	long offset = 0;
 	struct range *src = rs->ranges;
 	struct range *target = diff->target.ranges;
@@ -479,8 +479,7 @@ static struct commit *check_single_commit(struct rev_info *revs)
 		struct object *obj = revs->pending.objects[i].item;
 		if (obj->flags & UNINTERESTING)
 			continue;
-		while (obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
-			obj = deref_tag(obj, NULL, 0);
+		obj = deref_tag(the_repository, obj, NULL, 0);
 		if (obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 			die("Non commit %s?", revs->pending.objects[i].name);
 		if (commit)
@@ -500,12 +499,11 @@ static struct commit *check_single_commit(struct rev_info *revs)
 static void fill_blob_sha1(struct commit *commit, struct diff_filespec *spec)
 {
 	unsigned mode;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 
-	if (get_tree_entry(commit->object.sha1, spec->path,
-			   sha1, &mode))
+	if (get_tree_entry(&commit->object.oid, spec->path, &oid, &mode))
 		die("There is no path %s in the commit", spec->path);
-	fill_filespec(spec, sha1, 1, mode);
+	fill_filespec(spec, &oid, 1, mode);
 
 	return;
 }
@@ -519,9 +517,9 @@ static void fill_line_ends(struct diff_filespec *spec, long *lines,
 	char *data = NULL;
 
 	if (diff_populate_filespec(spec, 0))
-		die("Cannot read blob %s", sha1_to_hex(spec->sha1));
+		die("Cannot read blob %s", oid_to_hex(&spec->oid));
 
-	ends = xmalloc(size * sizeof(*ends));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(ends, size);
 	ends[cur++] = 0;
 	data = spec->data;
 	while (num < spec->size) {
@@ -575,7 +573,7 @@ parse_lines(struct commit *commit, const char *prefix, struct string_list *args)
 
 		name_part = skip_range_arg(item->string);
 		if (!name_part || *name_part != ':' || !name_part[1])
-			die("-L argument '%s' not of the form start,end:file",
+			die("-L argument not 'start,end:file' or ':funcname:file': %s",
 			    item->string);
 		range_part = xstrndup(item->string, name_part - item->string);
 		name_part++;
@@ -600,18 +598,17 @@ parse_lines(struct commit *commit, const char *prefix, struct string_list *args)
 				    lines, anchor, &begin, &end,
 				    full_name))
 			die("malformed -L argument '%s'", range_part);
-		if (lines < end || ((lines || begin) && lines < begin))
+		if ((!lines && (begin || end)) || lines < begin)
 			die("file %s has only %lu lines", name_part, lines);
 		if (begin < 1)
 			begin = 1;
-		if (end < 1)
+		if (end < 1 || lines < end)
 			end = lines;
 		begin--;
 		line_log_data_insert(&ranges, full_name, begin, end);
 
 		free_filespec(spec);
-		free(ends);
-		ends = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(ends);
 	}
 
 	for (p = ranges; p; p = p->next)
@@ -698,18 +695,18 @@ static struct line_log_data *line_log_data_merge(struct line_log_data *a,
 static void add_line_range(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit,
 			   struct line_log_data *range)
 {
-	struct line_log_data *old = NULL;
-	struct line_log_data *new = NULL;
+	struct line_log_data *old_line = NULL;
+	struct line_log_data *new_line = NULL;
 
-	old = lookup_decoration(&revs->line_log_data, &commit->object);
-	if (old && range) {
-		new = line_log_data_merge(old, range);
-		free_line_log_data(old);
+	old_line = lookup_decoration(&revs->line_log_data, &commit->object);
+	if (old_line && range) {
+		new_line = line_log_data_merge(old_line, range);
+		free_line_log_data(old_line);
 	} else if (range)
-		new = line_log_data_copy(range);
+		new_line = line_log_data_copy(range);
 
-	if (new)
-		add_decoration(&revs->line_log_data, &commit->object, new);
+	if (new_line)
+		add_decoration(&revs->line_log_data, &commit->object, new_line);
 }
 
 static void clear_commit_line_range(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
@@ -746,22 +743,17 @@ void line_log_init(struct rev_info *rev, const char *prefix, struct string_list
 	add_line_range(rev, commit, range);
 
 	if (!rev->diffopt.detect_rename) {
-		int i, count = 0;
-		struct line_log_data *r = range;
+		struct line_log_data *r;
+		struct argv_array array = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 		const char **paths;
-		while (r) {
-			count++;
-			r = r->next;
-		}
-		paths = xmalloc((count+1)*sizeof(char *));
-		r = range;
-		for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-			paths[i] = xstrdup(r->path);
-			r = r->next;
-		}
-		paths[count] = NULL;
+
+		for (r = range; r; r = r->next)
+			argv_array_push(&array, r->path);
+		paths = argv_array_detach(&array);
+
 		parse_pathspec(&rev->diffopt.pathspec, 0,
 			       PATHSPEC_PREFER_FULL, "", paths);
+		/* strings are now owned by pathspec */
 		free(paths);
 	}
 }
@@ -824,8 +816,8 @@ static void queue_diffs(struct line_log_data *range,
 	assert(commit);
 
 	DIFF_QUEUE_CLEAR(&diff_queued_diff);
-	diff_tree_sha1(parent ? parent->tree->object.sha1 : NULL,
-			commit->tree->object.sha1, "", opt);
+	diff_tree_oid(parent ? get_commit_tree_oid(parent) : NULL,
+		      get_commit_tree_oid(commit), "", opt);
 	if (opt->detect_rename) {
 		filter_diffs_for_paths(range, 1);
 		if (diff_might_be_rename())
@@ -845,7 +837,7 @@ static char *get_nth_line(long line, unsigned long *ends, void *data)
 
 static void print_line(const char *prefix, char first,
 		       long line, unsigned long *ends, void *data,
-		       const char *color, const char *reset)
+		       const char *color, const char *reset, FILE *file)
 {
 	char *begin = get_nth_line(line, ends, data);
 	char *end = get_nth_line(line+1, ends, data);
@@ -856,14 +848,14 @@ static void print_line(const char *prefix, char first,
 		had_nl = 1;
 	}
 
-	fputs(prefix, stdout);
-	fputs(color, stdout);
-	putchar(first);
-	fwrite(begin, 1, end-begin, stdout);
-	fputs(reset, stdout);
-	putchar('\n');
+	fputs(prefix, file);
+	fputs(color, file);
+	putc(first, file);
+	fwrite(begin, 1, end-begin, file);
+	fputs(reset, file);
+	putc('\n', file);
 	if (!had_nl)
-		fputs("\\ No newline at end of file\n", stdout);
+		fputs("\\ No newline at end of file\n", file);
 }
 
 static char *output_prefix(struct diff_options *opt)
@@ -880,7 +872,7 @@ static char *output_prefix(struct diff_options *opt)
 
 static void dump_diff_hacky_one(struct rev_info *rev, struct line_log_data *range)
 {
-	int i, j = 0;
+	unsigned int i, j = 0;
 	long p_lines, t_lines;
 	unsigned long *p_ends = NULL, *t_ends = NULL;
 	struct diff_filepair *pair = range->pair;
@@ -893,27 +885,27 @@ static void dump_diff_hacky_one(struct rev_info *rev, struct line_log_data *rang
 	const char *c_meta = diff_get_color(opt->use_color, DIFF_METAINFO);
 	const char *c_old = diff_get_color(opt->use_color, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
 	const char *c_new = diff_get_color(opt->use_color, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
-	const char *c_plain = diff_get_color(opt->use_color, DIFF_PLAIN);
+	const char *c_context = diff_get_color(opt->use_color, DIFF_CONTEXT);
 
 	if (!pair || !diff)
 		return;
 
-	if (pair->one->sha1_valid)
+	if (pair->one->oid_valid)
 		fill_line_ends(pair->one, &p_lines, &p_ends);
 	fill_line_ends(pair->two, &t_lines, &t_ends);
 
-	printf("%s%sdiff --git a/%s b/%s%s\n", prefix, c_meta, pair->one->path, pair->two->path, c_reset);
-	printf("%s%s--- %s%s%s\n", prefix, c_meta,
-	       pair->one->sha1_valid ? "a/" : "",
-	       pair->one->sha1_valid ? pair->one->path : "/dev/null",
+	fprintf(opt->file, "%s%sdiff --git a/%s b/%s%s\n", prefix, c_meta, pair->one->path, pair->two->path, c_reset);
+	fprintf(opt->file, "%s%s--- %s%s%s\n", prefix, c_meta,
+	       pair->one->oid_valid ? "a/" : "",
+	       pair->one->oid_valid ? pair->one->path : "/dev/null",
 	       c_reset);
-	printf("%s%s+++ b/%s%s\n", prefix, c_meta, pair->two->path, c_reset);
+	fprintf(opt->file, "%s%s+++ b/%s%s\n", prefix, c_meta, pair->two->path, c_reset);
 	for (i = 0; i < range->ranges.nr; i++) {
 		long p_start, p_end;
 		long t_start = range->ranges.ranges[i].start;
 		long t_end = range->ranges.ranges[i].end;
 		long t_cur = t_start;
-		int j_last;
+		unsigned int j_last;
 
 		while (j < diff->target.nr && diff->target.ranges[j].end < t_start)
 			j++;
@@ -949,7 +941,7 @@ static void dump_diff_hacky_one(struct rev_info *rev, struct line_log_data *rang
 		}
 
 		/* Now output a diff hunk for this range */
-		printf("%s%s@@ -%ld,%ld +%ld,%ld @@%s\n",
+		fprintf(opt->file, "%s%s@@ -%ld,%ld +%ld,%ld @@%s\n",
 		       prefix, c_frag,
 		       p_start+1, p_end-p_start, t_start+1, t_end-t_start,
 		       c_reset);
@@ -957,18 +949,18 @@ static void dump_diff_hacky_one(struct rev_info *rev, struct line_log_data *rang
 			int k;
 			for (; t_cur < diff->target.ranges[j].start; t_cur++)
 				print_line(prefix, ' ', t_cur, t_ends, pair->two->data,
-					   c_plain, c_reset);
+					   c_context, c_reset, opt->file);
 			for (k = diff->parent.ranges[j].start; k < diff->parent.ranges[j].end; k++)
 				print_line(prefix, '-', k, p_ends, pair->one->data,
-					   c_old, c_reset);
+					   c_old, c_reset, opt->file);
 			for (; t_cur < diff->target.ranges[j].end && t_cur < t_end; t_cur++)
 				print_line(prefix, '+', t_cur, t_ends, pair->two->data,
-					   c_new, c_reset);
+					   c_new, c_reset, opt->file);
 			j++;
 		}
 		for (; t_cur < t_end; t_cur++)
 			print_line(prefix, ' ', t_cur, t_ends, pair->two->data,
-				   c_plain, c_reset);
+				   c_context, c_reset, opt->file);
 	}
 
 	free(p_ends);
@@ -981,7 +973,7 @@ static void dump_diff_hacky_one(struct rev_info *rev, struct line_log_data *rang
  */
 static void dump_diff_hacky(struct rev_info *rev, struct line_log_data *range)
 {
-	puts(output_prefix(&rev->diffopt));
+	fprintf(rev->diffopt.file, "%s\n", output_prefix(&rev->diffopt));
 	while (range) {
 		dump_diff_hacky_one(rev, range);
 		range = range->next;
@@ -1015,12 +1007,12 @@ static int process_diff_filepair(struct rev_info *rev,
 	if (rg->ranges.nr == 0)
 		return 0;
 
-	assert(pair->two->sha1_valid);
+	assert(pair->two->oid_valid);
 	diff_populate_filespec(pair->two, 0);
 	file_target.ptr = pair->two->data;
 	file_target.size = pair->two->size;
 
-	if (pair->one->sha1_valid) {
+	if (pair->one->oid_valid) {
 		diff_populate_filespec(pair->one, 0);
 		file_parent.ptr = pair->one->data;
 		file_parent.size = pair->one->size;
@@ -1030,7 +1022,8 @@ static int process_diff_filepair(struct rev_info *rev,
 	}
 
 	diff_ranges_init(&diff);
-	collect_diff(&file_parent, &file_target, &diff);
+	if (collect_diff(&file_parent, &file_target, &diff))
+		die("unable to generate diff for %s", pair->one->path);
 
 	/* NEEDSWORK should apply some heuristics to prevent mismatches */
 	free(rg->path);
@@ -1048,12 +1041,12 @@ static int process_diff_filepair(struct rev_info *rev,
 
 static struct diff_filepair *diff_filepair_dup(struct diff_filepair *pair)
 {
-	struct diff_filepair *new = xmalloc(sizeof(struct diff_filepair));
-	new->one = pair->one;
-	new->two = pair->two;
-	new->one->count++;
-	new->two->count++;
-	return new;
+	struct diff_filepair *new_filepair = xmalloc(sizeof(struct diff_filepair));
+	new_filepair->one = pair->one;
+	new_filepair->two = pair->two;
+	new_filepair->one->count++;
+	new_filepair->two->count++;
+	return new_filepair;
 }
 
 static void free_diffqueues(int n, struct diff_queue_struct *dq)
@@ -1099,6 +1092,7 @@ static int process_all_files(struct line_log_data **range_out,
 			rg->pair = diff_filepair_dup(queue->queue[i]);
 			memcpy(&rg->diff, pairdiff, sizeof(struct diff_ranges));
 		}
+		free(pairdiff);
 	}
 
 	return changed;
@@ -1128,6 +1122,7 @@ static int process_ranges_ordinary_commit(struct rev_info *rev, struct commit *c
 	changed = process_all_files(&parent_range, rev, &queue, range);
 	if (parent)
 		add_line_range(rev, parent, parent_range);
+	free_line_log_data(parent_range);
 	return changed;
 }
 
@@ -1144,9 +1139,9 @@ static int process_ranges_merge_commit(struct rev_info *rev, struct commit *comm
 	if (nparents > 1 && rev->first_parent_only)
 		nparents = 1;
 
-	diffqueues = xmalloc(nparents * sizeof(*diffqueues));
-	cand = xmalloc(nparents * sizeof(*cand));
-	parents = xmalloc(nparents * sizeof(*parents));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(diffqueues, nparents);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(cand, nparents);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(parents, nparents);
 
 	p = commit->parents;
 	for (i = 0; i < nparents; i++) {
diff --git a/line-log.h b/line-log.h
index 7a5c24e2df..e2a5ee7c6d 100644
--- a/line-log.h
+++ b/line-log.h
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ struct range {
 
 /* A set of ranges.  The ranges must always be disjoint and sorted. */
 struct range_set {
-	int alloc, nr;
+	unsigned int alloc, nr;
 	struct range *ranges;
 };
 
diff --git a/line-range.c b/line-range.c
index de4e32f942..232c3909ec 100644
--- a/line-range.c
+++ b/line-range.c
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ static const char *parse_loc(const char *spec, nth_line_fn_t nth_line,
 			else if (!num)
 				*ret = begin;
 			else
-				*ret = begin + num;
+				*ret = begin + num > 0 ? begin + num : 1;
 			return term;
 		}
 		return spec;
@@ -269,8 +269,7 @@ int parse_range_arg(const char *arg, nth_line_fn_t nth_line_cb,
 		return -1;
 
 	if (*begin && *end && *end < *begin) {
-		long tmp;
-		tmp = *end; *end = *begin; *begin = tmp;
+		SWAP(*end, *begin);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/line-range.h b/line-range.h
index 83ba3c25e8..d3c54e45aa 100644
--- a/line-range.h
+++ b/line-range.h
@@ -19,11 +19,11 @@
 
 typedef const char *(*nth_line_fn_t)(void *data, long lno);
 
-extern int parse_range_arg(const char *arg,
-			   nth_line_fn_t nth_line_cb,
-			   void *cb_data, long lines, long anchor,
-			   long *begin, long *end,
-			   const char *path);
+int parse_range_arg(const char *arg,
+		    nth_line_fn_t nth_line_cb,
+		    void *cb_data, long lines, long anchor,
+		    long *begin, long *end,
+		    const char *path);
 
 /*
  * Scan past a range argument that could be parsed by
@@ -34,6 +34,6 @@ extern int parse_range_arg(const char *arg,
  * NULL in case the argument is obviously malformed.
  */
 
-extern const char *skip_range_arg(const char *arg);
+const char *skip_range_arg(const char *arg);
 
 #endif /* LINE_RANGE_H */
diff --git a/linear-assignment.c b/linear-assignment.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9b3e56e283
--- /dev/null
+++ b/linear-assignment.c
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+/*
+ * Based on: Jonker, R., & Volgenant, A. (1987). <i>A shortest augmenting path
+ * algorithm for dense and sparse linear assignment problems</i>. Computing,
+ * 38(4), 325-340.
+ */
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "linear-assignment.h"
+
+#define COST(column, row) cost[(column) + column_count * (row)]
+
+/*
+ * The parameter `cost` is the cost matrix: the cost to assign column j to row
+ * i is `cost[j + column_count * i].
+ */
+void compute_assignment(int column_count, int row_count, int *cost,
+			int *column2row, int *row2column)
+{
+	int *v, *d;
+	int *free_row, free_count = 0, saved_free_count, *pred, *col;
+	int i, j, phase;
+
+	memset(column2row, -1, sizeof(int) * column_count);
+	memset(row2column, -1, sizeof(int) * row_count);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(v, column_count);
+
+	/* column reduction */
+	for (j = column_count - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
+		int i1 = 0;
+
+		for (i = 1; i < row_count; i++)
+			if (COST(j, i1) > COST(j, i))
+				i1 = i;
+		v[j] = COST(j, i1);
+		if (row2column[i1] == -1) {
+			/* row i1 unassigned */
+			row2column[i1] = j;
+			column2row[j] = i1;
+		} else {
+			if (row2column[i1] >= 0)
+				row2column[i1] = -2 - row2column[i1];
+			column2row[j] = -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* reduction transfer */
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(free_row, row_count);
+	for (i = 0; i < row_count; i++) {
+		int j1 = row2column[i];
+		if (j1 == -1)
+			free_row[free_count++] = i;
+		else if (j1 < -1)
+			row2column[i] = -2 - j1;
+		else {
+			int min = COST(!j1, i) - v[!j1];
+			for (j = 1; j < column_count; j++)
+				if (j != j1 && min > COST(j, i) - v[j])
+					min = COST(j, i) - v[j];
+			v[j1] -= min;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (free_count ==
+	    (column_count < row_count ? row_count - column_count : 0)) {
+		free(v);
+		free(free_row);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* augmenting row reduction */
+	for (phase = 0; phase < 2; phase++) {
+		int k = 0;
+
+		saved_free_count = free_count;
+		free_count = 0;
+		while (k < saved_free_count) {
+			int u1, u2;
+			int j1 = 0, j2, i0;
+
+			i = free_row[k++];
+			u1 = COST(j1, i) - v[j1];
+			j2 = -1;
+			u2 = INT_MAX;
+			for (j = 1; j < column_count; j++) {
+				int c = COST(j, i) - v[j];
+				if (u2 > c) {
+					if (u1 < c) {
+						u2 = c;
+						j2 = j;
+					} else {
+						u2 = u1;
+						u1 = c;
+						j2 = j1;
+						j1 = j;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			if (j2 < 0) {
+				j2 = j1;
+				u2 = u1;
+			}
+
+			i0 = column2row[j1];
+			if (u1 < u2)
+				v[j1] -= u2 - u1;
+			else if (i0 >= 0) {
+				j1 = j2;
+				i0 = column2row[j1];
+			}
+
+			if (i0 >= 0) {
+				if (u1 < u2)
+					free_row[--k] = i0;
+				else
+					free_row[free_count++] = i0;
+			}
+			row2column[i] = j1;
+			column2row[j1] = i;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* augmentation */
+	saved_free_count = free_count;
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(d, column_count);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(pred, column_count);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(col, column_count);
+	for (free_count = 0; free_count < saved_free_count; free_count++) {
+		int i1 = free_row[free_count], low = 0, up = 0, last, k;
+		int min, c, u1;
+
+		for (j = 0; j < column_count; j++) {
+			d[j] = COST(j, i1) - v[j];
+			pred[j] = i1;
+			col[j] = j;
+		}
+
+		j = -1;
+		do {
+			last = low;
+			min = d[col[up++]];
+			for (k = up; k < column_count; k++) {
+				j = col[k];
+				c = d[j];
+				if (c <= min) {
+					if (c < min) {
+						up = low;
+						min = c;
+					}
+					col[k] = col[up];
+					col[up++] = j;
+				}
+			}
+			for (k = low; k < up; k++)
+				if (column2row[col[k]] == -1)
+					goto update;
+
+			/* scan a row */
+			do {
+				int j1 = col[low++];
+
+				i = column2row[j1];
+				u1 = COST(j1, i) - v[j1] - min;
+				for (k = up; k < column_count; k++) {
+					j = col[k];
+					c = COST(j, i) - v[j] - u1;
+					if (c < d[j]) {
+						d[j] = c;
+						pred[j] = i;
+						if (c == min) {
+							if (column2row[j] == -1)
+								goto update;
+							col[k] = col[up];
+							col[up++] = j;
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			} while (low != up);
+		} while (low == up);
+
+update:
+		/* updating of the column pieces */
+		for (k = 0; k < last; k++) {
+			int j1 = col[k];
+			v[j1] += d[j1] - min;
+		}
+
+		/* augmentation */
+		do {
+			if (j < 0)
+				BUG("negative j: %d", j);
+			i = pred[j];
+			column2row[j] = i;
+			SWAP(j, row2column[i]);
+		} while (i1 != i);
+	}
+
+	free(col);
+	free(pred);
+	free(d);
+	free(v);
+	free(free_row);
+}
diff --git a/linear-assignment.h b/linear-assignment.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1dfea76629
--- /dev/null
+++ b/linear-assignment.h
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#ifndef LINEAR_ASSIGNMENT_H
+#define LINEAR_ASSIGNMENT_H
+
+/*
+ * Compute an assignment of columns -> rows (and vice versa) such that every
+ * column is assigned to at most one row (and vice versa) minimizing the
+ * overall cost.
+ *
+ * The parameter `cost` is the cost matrix: the cost to assign column j to row
+ * i is `cost[j + column_count * i].
+ *
+ * The arrays column2row and row2column will be populated with the respective
+ * assignments (-1 for unassigned, which can happen only if column_count !=
+ * row_count).
+ */
+void compute_assignment(int column_count, int row_count, int *cost,
+			int *column2row, int *row2column);
+
+/* The maximal cost in the cost matrix (to prevent integer overflows). */
+#define COST_MAX (1<<16)
+
+#endif
diff --git a/list-objects-filter-options.c b/list-objects-filter-options.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c0e2bd6a06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/list-objects-filter-options.c
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
+#include "list-objects.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"
+
+/*
+ * Parse value of the argument to the "filter" keyword.
+ * On the command line this looks like:
+ *       --filter=<arg>
+ * and in the pack protocol as:
+ *       "filter" SP <arg>
+ *
+ * The filter keyword will be used by many commands.
+ * See Documentation/rev-list-options.txt for allowed values for <arg>.
+ *
+ * Capture the given arg as the "filter_spec".  This can be forwarded to
+ * subordinate commands when necessary.  We also "intern" the arg for
+ * the convenience of the current command.
+ */
+static int gently_parse_list_objects_filter(
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	const char *arg,
+	struct strbuf *errbuf)
+{
+	const char *v0;
+
+	if (filter_options->choice) {
+		if (errbuf) {
+			strbuf_init(errbuf, 0);
+			strbuf_addstr(
+				errbuf,
+				_("multiple filter-specs cannot be combined"));
+		}
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	filter_options->filter_spec = strdup(arg);
+
+	if (!strcmp(arg, "blob:none")) {
+		filter_options->choice = LOFC_BLOB_NONE;
+		return 0;
+
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "blob:limit=", &v0)) {
+		if (git_parse_ulong(v0, &filter_options->blob_limit_value)) {
+			filter_options->choice = LOFC_BLOB_LIMIT;
+			return 0;
+		}
+
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "sparse:oid=", &v0)) {
+		struct object_context oc;
+		struct object_id sparse_oid;
+
+		/*
+		 * Try to parse <oid-expression> into an OID for the current
+		 * command, but DO NOT complain if we don't have the blob or
+		 * ref locally.
+		 */
+		if (!get_oid_with_context(v0, GET_OID_BLOB,
+					  &sparse_oid, &oc))
+			filter_options->sparse_oid_value = oiddup(&sparse_oid);
+		filter_options->choice = LOFC_SPARSE_OID;
+		return 0;
+
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "sparse:path=", &v0)) {
+		filter_options->choice = LOFC_SPARSE_PATH;
+		filter_options->sparse_path_value = strdup(v0);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (errbuf) {
+		strbuf_init(errbuf, 0);
+		strbuf_addf(errbuf, "invalid filter-spec '%s'", arg);
+	}
+	memset(filter_options, 0, sizeof(*filter_options));
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int parse_list_objects_filter(struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+			      const char *arg)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	if (gently_parse_list_objects_filter(filter_options, arg, &buf))
+		die("%s", buf.buf);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int opt_parse_list_objects_filter(const struct option *opt,
+				  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options = opt->value;
+
+	if (unset || !arg) {
+		list_objects_filter_set_no_filter(filter_options);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return parse_list_objects_filter(filter_options, arg);
+}
+
+void list_objects_filter_release(
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options)
+{
+	free(filter_options->filter_spec);
+	free(filter_options->sparse_oid_value);
+	free(filter_options->sparse_path_value);
+	memset(filter_options, 0, sizeof(*filter_options));
+}
+
+void partial_clone_register(
+	const char *remote,
+	const struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Record the name of the partial clone remote in the
+	 * config and in the global variable -- the latter is
+	 * used throughout to indicate that partial clone is
+	 * enabled and to expect missing objects.
+	 */
+	if (repository_format_partial_clone &&
+	    *repository_format_partial_clone &&
+	    strcmp(remote, repository_format_partial_clone))
+		die(_("cannot change partial clone promisor remote"));
+
+	git_config_set("core.repositoryformatversion", "1");
+	git_config_set("extensions.partialclone", remote);
+
+	repository_format_partial_clone = xstrdup(remote);
+
+	/*
+	 * Record the initial filter-spec in the config as
+	 * the default for subsequent fetches from this remote.
+	 */
+	core_partial_clone_filter_default =
+		xstrdup(filter_options->filter_spec);
+	git_config_set("core.partialclonefilter",
+		       core_partial_clone_filter_default);
+}
+
+void partial_clone_get_default_filter_spec(
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Parse default value, but silently ignore it if it is invalid.
+	 */
+	if (!core_partial_clone_filter_default)
+		return;
+	gently_parse_list_objects_filter(filter_options,
+					 core_partial_clone_filter_default,
+					 NULL);
+}
diff --git a/list-objects-filter-options.h b/list-objects-filter-options.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0000a61f82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/list-objects-filter-options.h
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+#ifndef LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER_OPTIONS_H
+#define LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER_OPTIONS_H
+
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+/*
+ * The list of defined filters for list-objects.
+ */
+enum list_objects_filter_choice {
+	LOFC_DISABLED = 0,
+	LOFC_BLOB_NONE,
+	LOFC_BLOB_LIMIT,
+	LOFC_SPARSE_OID,
+	LOFC_SPARSE_PATH,
+	LOFC__COUNT /* must be last */
+};
+
+struct list_objects_filter_options {
+	/*
+	 * 'filter_spec' is the raw argument value given on the command line
+	 * or protocol request.  (The part after the "--keyword=".)  For
+	 * commands that launch filtering sub-processes, this value should be
+	 * passed to them as received by the current process.
+	 */
+	char *filter_spec;
+
+	/*
+	 * 'choice' is determined by parsing the filter-spec.  This indicates
+	 * the filtering algorithm to use.
+	 */
+	enum list_objects_filter_choice choice;
+
+	/*
+	 * Choice is LOFC_DISABLED because "--no-filter" was requested.
+	 */
+	unsigned int no_filter : 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Parsed values (fields) from within the filter-spec.  These are
+	 * choice-specific; not all values will be defined for any given
+	 * choice.
+	 */
+	struct object_id *sparse_oid_value;
+	char *sparse_path_value;
+	unsigned long blob_limit_value;
+};
+
+/* Normalized command line arguments */
+#define CL_ARG__FILTER "filter"
+
+int parse_list_objects_filter(
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	const char *arg);
+
+int opt_parse_list_objects_filter(const struct option *opt,
+				  const char *arg, int unset);
+
+#define OPT_PARSE_LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER(fo) \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, CL_ARG__FILTER, fo, N_("args"), \
+	  N_("object filtering"), 0, \
+	  opt_parse_list_objects_filter }
+
+void list_objects_filter_release(
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options);
+
+static inline void list_objects_filter_set_no_filter(
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options)
+{
+	list_objects_filter_release(filter_options);
+	filter_options->no_filter = 1;
+}
+
+void partial_clone_register(
+	const char *remote,
+	const struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options);
+void partial_clone_get_default_filter_spec(
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options);
+
+#endif /* LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER_OPTIONS_H */
diff --git a/list-objects-filter.c b/list-objects-filter.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a0ba78b20c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/list-objects-filter.c
@@ -0,0 +1,402 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "blob.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "list-objects.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"
+#include "oidset.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+
+/* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
+/*
+ * FILTER_SHOWN_BUT_REVISIT -- we set this bit on tree objects
+ * that have been shown, but should be revisited if they appear
+ * in the traversal (until we mark it SEEN).  This is a way to
+ * let us silently de-dup calls to show() in the caller.  This
+ * is subtly different from the "revision.h:SHOWN" and the
+ * "sha1-name.c:ONELINE_SEEN" bits.  And also different from
+ * the non-de-dup usage in pack-bitmap.c
+ */
+#define FILTER_SHOWN_BUT_REVISIT (1<<21)
+
+/*
+ * A filter for list-objects to omit ALL blobs from the traversal.
+ * And to OPTIONALLY collect a list of the omitted OIDs.
+ */
+struct filter_blobs_none_data {
+	struct oidset *omits;
+};
+
+static enum list_objects_filter_result filter_blobs_none(
+	enum list_objects_filter_situation filter_situation,
+	struct object *obj,
+	const char *pathname,
+	const char *filename,
+	void *filter_data_)
+{
+	struct filter_blobs_none_data *filter_data = filter_data_;
+
+	switch (filter_situation) {
+	default:
+		die("unknown filter_situation");
+		return LOFR_ZERO;
+
+	case LOFS_BEGIN_TREE:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_TREE);
+		/* always include all tree objects */
+		return LOFR_MARK_SEEN | LOFR_DO_SHOW;
+
+	case LOFS_END_TREE:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_TREE);
+		return LOFR_ZERO;
+
+	case LOFS_BLOB:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_BLOB);
+		assert((obj->flags & SEEN) == 0);
+
+		if (filter_data->omits)
+			oidset_insert(filter_data->omits, &obj->oid);
+		return LOFR_MARK_SEEN; /* but not LOFR_DO_SHOW (hard omit) */
+	}
+}
+
+static void *filter_blobs_none__init(
+	struct oidset *omitted,
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	filter_object_fn *filter_fn,
+	filter_free_fn *filter_free_fn)
+{
+	struct filter_blobs_none_data *d = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*d));
+	d->omits = omitted;
+
+	*filter_fn = filter_blobs_none;
+	*filter_free_fn = free;
+	return d;
+}
+
+/*
+ * A filter for list-objects to omit large blobs.
+ * And to OPTIONALLY collect a list of the omitted OIDs.
+ */
+struct filter_blobs_limit_data {
+	struct oidset *omits;
+	unsigned long max_bytes;
+};
+
+static enum list_objects_filter_result filter_blobs_limit(
+	enum list_objects_filter_situation filter_situation,
+	struct object *obj,
+	const char *pathname,
+	const char *filename,
+	void *filter_data_)
+{
+	struct filter_blobs_limit_data *filter_data = filter_data_;
+	unsigned long object_length;
+	enum object_type t;
+
+	switch (filter_situation) {
+	default:
+		die("unknown filter_situation");
+		return LOFR_ZERO;
+
+	case LOFS_BEGIN_TREE:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_TREE);
+		/* always include all tree objects */
+		return LOFR_MARK_SEEN | LOFR_DO_SHOW;
+
+	case LOFS_END_TREE:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_TREE);
+		return LOFR_ZERO;
+
+	case LOFS_BLOB:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_BLOB);
+		assert((obj->flags & SEEN) == 0);
+
+		t = oid_object_info(the_repository, &obj->oid, &object_length);
+		if (t != OBJ_BLOB) { /* probably OBJ_NONE */
+			/*
+			 * We DO NOT have the blob locally, so we cannot
+			 * apply the size filter criteria.  Be conservative
+			 * and force show it (and let the caller deal with
+			 * the ambiguity).
+			 */
+			goto include_it;
+		}
+
+		if (object_length < filter_data->max_bytes)
+			goto include_it;
+
+		if (filter_data->omits)
+			oidset_insert(filter_data->omits, &obj->oid);
+		return LOFR_MARK_SEEN; /* but not LOFR_DO_SHOW (hard omit) */
+	}
+
+include_it:
+	if (filter_data->omits)
+		oidset_remove(filter_data->omits, &obj->oid);
+	return LOFR_MARK_SEEN | LOFR_DO_SHOW;
+}
+
+static void *filter_blobs_limit__init(
+	struct oidset *omitted,
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	filter_object_fn *filter_fn,
+	filter_free_fn *filter_free_fn)
+{
+	struct filter_blobs_limit_data *d = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*d));
+	d->omits = omitted;
+	d->max_bytes = filter_options->blob_limit_value;
+
+	*filter_fn = filter_blobs_limit;
+	*filter_free_fn = free;
+	return d;
+}
+
+/*
+ * A filter driven by a sparse-checkout specification to only
+ * include blobs that a sparse checkout would populate.
+ *
+ * The sparse-checkout spec can be loaded from a blob with the
+ * given OID or from a local pathname.  We allow an OID because
+ * the repo may be bare or we may be doing the filtering on the
+ * server.
+ */
+struct frame {
+	/*
+	 * defval is the usual default include/exclude value that
+	 * should be inherited as we recurse into directories based
+	 * upon pattern matching of the directory itself or of a
+	 * containing directory.
+	 */
+	int defval;
+
+	/*
+	 * 1 if the directory (recursively) contains any provisionally
+	 * omitted objects.
+	 *
+	 * 0 if everything (recursively) contained in this directory
+	 * has been explicitly included (SHOWN) in the result and
+	 * the directory may be short-cut later in the traversal.
+	 */
+	unsigned child_prov_omit : 1;
+};
+
+struct filter_sparse_data {
+	struct oidset *omits;
+	struct exclude_list el;
+
+	size_t nr, alloc;
+	struct frame *array_frame;
+};
+
+static enum list_objects_filter_result filter_sparse(
+	enum list_objects_filter_situation filter_situation,
+	struct object *obj,
+	const char *pathname,
+	const char *filename,
+	void *filter_data_)
+{
+	struct filter_sparse_data *filter_data = filter_data_;
+	int val, dtype;
+	struct frame *frame;
+
+	switch (filter_situation) {
+	default:
+		die("unknown filter_situation");
+		return LOFR_ZERO;
+
+	case LOFS_BEGIN_TREE:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_TREE);
+		dtype = DT_DIR;
+		val = is_excluded_from_list(pathname, strlen(pathname),
+					    filename, &dtype, &filter_data->el,
+					    &the_index);
+		if (val < 0)
+			val = filter_data->array_frame[filter_data->nr].defval;
+
+		ALLOC_GROW(filter_data->array_frame, filter_data->nr + 1,
+			   filter_data->alloc);
+		filter_data->nr++;
+		filter_data->array_frame[filter_data->nr].defval = val;
+		filter_data->array_frame[filter_data->nr].child_prov_omit = 0;
+
+		/*
+		 * A directory with this tree OID may appear in multiple
+		 * places in the tree. (Think of a directory move or copy,
+		 * with no other changes, so the OID is the same, but the
+		 * full pathnames of objects within this directory are new
+		 * and may match is_excluded() patterns differently.)
+		 * So we cannot mark this directory as SEEN (yet), since
+		 * that will prevent process_tree() from revisiting this
+		 * tree object with other pathname prefixes.
+		 *
+		 * Only _DO_SHOW the tree object the first time we visit
+		 * this tree object.
+		 *
+		 * We always show all tree objects.  A future optimization
+		 * may want to attempt to narrow this.
+		 */
+		if (obj->flags & FILTER_SHOWN_BUT_REVISIT)
+			return LOFR_ZERO;
+		obj->flags |= FILTER_SHOWN_BUT_REVISIT;
+		return LOFR_DO_SHOW;
+
+	case LOFS_END_TREE:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_TREE);
+		assert(filter_data->nr > 0);
+
+		frame = &filter_data->array_frame[filter_data->nr];
+		filter_data->nr--;
+
+		/*
+		 * Tell our parent directory if any of our children were
+		 * provisionally omitted.
+		 */
+		filter_data->array_frame[filter_data->nr].child_prov_omit |=
+			frame->child_prov_omit;
+
+		/*
+		 * If there are NO provisionally omitted child objects (ALL child
+		 * objects in this folder were INCLUDED), then we can mark the
+		 * folder as SEEN (so we will not have to revisit it again).
+		 */
+		if (!frame->child_prov_omit)
+			return LOFR_MARK_SEEN;
+		return LOFR_ZERO;
+
+	case LOFS_BLOB:
+		assert(obj->type == OBJ_BLOB);
+		assert((obj->flags & SEEN) == 0);
+
+		frame = &filter_data->array_frame[filter_data->nr];
+
+		dtype = DT_REG;
+		val = is_excluded_from_list(pathname, strlen(pathname),
+					    filename, &dtype, &filter_data->el,
+					    &the_index);
+		if (val < 0)
+			val = frame->defval;
+		if (val > 0) {
+			if (filter_data->omits)
+				oidset_remove(filter_data->omits, &obj->oid);
+			return LOFR_MARK_SEEN | LOFR_DO_SHOW;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Provisionally omit it.  We've already established that
+		 * this pathname is not in the sparse-checkout specification
+		 * with the CURRENT pathname, so we *WANT* to omit this blob.
+		 *
+		 * However, a pathname elsewhere in the tree may also
+		 * reference this same blob, so we cannot reject it yet.
+		 * Leave the LOFR_ bits unset so that if the blob appears
+		 * again in the traversal, we will be asked again.
+		 */
+		if (filter_data->omits)
+			oidset_insert(filter_data->omits, &obj->oid);
+
+		/*
+		 * Remember that at least 1 blob in this tree was
+		 * provisionally omitted.  This prevents us from short
+		 * cutting the tree in future iterations.
+		 */
+		frame->child_prov_omit = 1;
+		return LOFR_ZERO;
+	}
+}
+
+
+static void filter_sparse_free(void *filter_data)
+{
+	struct filter_sparse_data *d = filter_data;
+	/* TODO free contents of 'd' */
+	free(d);
+}
+
+static void *filter_sparse_oid__init(
+	struct oidset *omitted,
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	filter_object_fn *filter_fn,
+	filter_free_fn *filter_free_fn)
+{
+	struct filter_sparse_data *d = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*d));
+	d->omits = omitted;
+	if (add_excludes_from_blob_to_list(filter_options->sparse_oid_value,
+					   NULL, 0, &d->el) < 0)
+		die("could not load filter specification");
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(d->array_frame, d->nr + 1, d->alloc);
+	d->array_frame[d->nr].defval = 0; /* default to include */
+	d->array_frame[d->nr].child_prov_omit = 0;
+
+	*filter_fn = filter_sparse;
+	*filter_free_fn = filter_sparse_free;
+	return d;
+}
+
+static void *filter_sparse_path__init(
+	struct oidset *omitted,
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	filter_object_fn *filter_fn,
+	filter_free_fn *filter_free_fn)
+{
+	struct filter_sparse_data *d = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*d));
+	d->omits = omitted;
+	if (add_excludes_from_file_to_list(filter_options->sparse_path_value,
+					   NULL, 0, &d->el, NULL) < 0)
+		die("could not load filter specification");
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(d->array_frame, d->nr + 1, d->alloc);
+	d->array_frame[d->nr].defval = 0; /* default to include */
+	d->array_frame[d->nr].child_prov_omit = 0;
+
+	*filter_fn = filter_sparse;
+	*filter_free_fn = filter_sparse_free;
+	return d;
+}
+
+typedef void *(*filter_init_fn)(
+	struct oidset *omitted,
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	filter_object_fn *filter_fn,
+	filter_free_fn *filter_free_fn);
+
+/*
+ * Must match "enum list_objects_filter_choice".
+ */
+static filter_init_fn s_filters[] = {
+	NULL,
+	filter_blobs_none__init,
+	filter_blobs_limit__init,
+	filter_sparse_oid__init,
+	filter_sparse_path__init,
+};
+
+void *list_objects_filter__init(
+	struct oidset *omitted,
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	filter_object_fn *filter_fn,
+	filter_free_fn *filter_free_fn)
+{
+	filter_init_fn init_fn;
+
+	assert((sizeof(s_filters) / sizeof(s_filters[0])) == LOFC__COUNT);
+
+	if (filter_options->choice >= LOFC__COUNT)
+		die("invalid list-objects filter choice: %d",
+		    filter_options->choice);
+
+	init_fn = s_filters[filter_options->choice];
+	if (init_fn)
+		return init_fn(omitted, filter_options,
+			       filter_fn, filter_free_fn);
+	*filter_fn = NULL;
+	*filter_free_fn = NULL;
+	return NULL;
+}
diff --git a/list-objects-filter.h b/list-objects-filter.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a6f6b4990b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/list-objects-filter.h
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#ifndef LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER_H
+#define LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER_H
+
+struct list_objects_filter_options;
+struct object;
+struct oidset;
+
+/*
+ * During list-object traversal we allow certain objects to be
+ * filtered (omitted) from the result.  The active filter uses
+ * these result values to guide list-objects.
+ *
+ * _ZERO      : Do nothing with the object at this time.  It may
+ *              be revisited if it appears in another place in
+ *              the tree or in another commit during the overall
+ *              traversal.
+ *
+ * _MARK_SEEN : Mark this object as "SEEN" in the object flags.
+ *              This will prevent it from being revisited during
+ *              the remainder of the traversal.  This DOES NOT
+ *              imply that it will be included in the results.
+ *
+ * _DO_SHOW   : Show this object in the results (call show() on it).
+ *              In general, objects should only be shown once, but
+ *              this result DOES NOT imply that we mark it SEEN.
+ *
+ * Most of the time, you want the combination (_MARK_SEEN | _DO_SHOW)
+ * but they can be used independently, such as when sparse-checkout
+ * pattern matching is being applied.
+ *
+ * A _MARK_SEEN without _DO_SHOW can be called a hard-omit -- the
+ * object is not shown and will never be reconsidered (unless a
+ * previous iteration has already shown it).
+ *
+ * A _DO_SHOW without _MARK_SEEN can be used, for example, to
+ * include a directory, but then revisit it to selectively include
+ * or omit objects within it.
+ *
+ * A _ZERO can be called a provisional-omit -- the object is NOT shown,
+ * but *may* be revisited (if the object appears again in the traversal).
+ * Therefore, it will be omitted from the results *unless* a later
+ * iteration causes it to be shown.
+ */
+enum list_objects_filter_result {
+	LOFR_ZERO      = 0,
+	LOFR_MARK_SEEN = 1<<0,
+	LOFR_DO_SHOW   = 1<<1,
+};
+
+enum list_objects_filter_situation {
+	LOFS_BEGIN_TREE,
+	LOFS_END_TREE,
+	LOFS_BLOB
+};
+
+typedef enum list_objects_filter_result (*filter_object_fn)(
+	enum list_objects_filter_situation filter_situation,
+	struct object *obj,
+	const char *pathname,
+	const char *filename,
+	void *filter_data);
+
+typedef void (*filter_free_fn)(void *filter_data);
+
+/*
+ * Constructor for the set of defined list-objects filters.
+ * Returns a generic "void *filter_data".
+ *
+ * The returned "filter_fn" will be used by traverse_commit_list()
+ * to filter the results.
+ *
+ * The returned "filter_free_fn" is a destructor for the
+ * filter_data.
+ */
+void *list_objects_filter__init(
+	struct oidset *omitted,
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	filter_object_fn *filter_fn,
+	filter_free_fn *filter_free_fn);
+
+#endif /* LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER_H */
diff --git a/list-objects.c b/list-objects.c
index 2a139b6ced..c99c47ac18 100644
--- a/list-objects.c
+++ b/list-objects.c
@@ -7,15 +7,23 @@
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "list-objects.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 static void process_blob(struct rev_info *revs,
 			 struct blob *blob,
 			 show_object_fn show,
-			 struct name_path *path,
+			 struct strbuf *path,
 			 const char *name,
-			 void *cb_data)
+			 void *cb_data,
+			 filter_object_fn filter_fn,
+			 void *filter_data)
 {
 	struct object *obj = &blob->object;
+	size_t pathlen;
+	enum list_objects_filter_result r = LOFR_MARK_SEEN | LOFR_DO_SHOW;
 
 	if (!revs->blob_objects)
 		return;
@@ -23,8 +31,32 @@ static void process_blob(struct rev_info *revs,
 		die("bad blob object");
 	if (obj->flags & (UNINTERESTING | SEEN))
 		return;
-	obj->flags |= SEEN;
-	show(obj, path, name, cb_data);
+
+	/*
+	 * Pre-filter known-missing objects when explicitly requested.
+	 * Otherwise, a missing object error message may be reported
+	 * later (depending on other filtering criteria).
+	 *
+	 * Note that this "--exclude-promisor-objects" pre-filtering
+	 * may cause the actual filter to report an incomplete list
+	 * of missing objects.
+	 */
+	if (revs->exclude_promisor_objects &&
+	    !has_object_file(&obj->oid) &&
+	    is_promisor_object(&obj->oid))
+		return;
+
+	pathlen = path->len;
+	strbuf_addstr(path, name);
+	if (!(obj->flags & USER_GIVEN) && filter_fn)
+		r = filter_fn(LOFS_BLOB, obj,
+			      path->buf, &path->buf[pathlen],
+			      filter_data);
+	if (r & LOFR_MARK_SEEN)
+		obj->flags |= SEEN;
+	if (r & LOFR_DO_SHOW)
+		show(obj, path->buf, cb_data);
+	strbuf_setlen(path, pathlen);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -52,7 +84,7 @@ static void process_blob(struct rev_info *revs,
 static void process_gitlink(struct rev_info *revs,
 			    const unsigned char *sha1,
 			    show_object_fn show,
-			    struct name_path *path,
+			    struct strbuf *path,
 			    const char *name,
 			    void *cb_data)
 {
@@ -62,18 +94,21 @@ static void process_gitlink(struct rev_info *revs,
 static void process_tree(struct rev_info *revs,
 			 struct tree *tree,
 			 show_object_fn show,
-			 struct name_path *path,
 			 struct strbuf *base,
 			 const char *name,
-			 void *cb_data)
+			 void *cb_data,
+			 filter_object_fn filter_fn,
+			 void *filter_data)
 {
 	struct object *obj = &tree->object;
 	struct tree_desc desc;
 	struct name_entry entry;
-	struct name_path me;
 	enum interesting match = revs->diffopt.pathspec.nr == 0 ?
 		all_entries_interesting: entry_not_interesting;
 	int baselen = base->len;
+	enum list_objects_filter_result r = LOFR_MARK_SEEN | LOFR_DO_SHOW;
+	int gently = revs->ignore_missing_links ||
+		     revs->exclude_promisor_objects;
 
 	if (!revs->tree_objects)
 		return;
@@ -81,23 +116,34 @@ static void process_tree(struct rev_info *revs,
 		die("bad tree object");
 	if (obj->flags & (UNINTERESTING | SEEN))
 		return;
-	if (parse_tree(tree) < 0) {
+	if (parse_tree_gently(tree, gently) < 0) {
 		if (revs->ignore_missing_links)
 			return;
-		die("bad tree object %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
-	}
-	obj->flags |= SEEN;
-	show(obj, path, name, cb_data);
-	me.up = path;
-	me.elem = name;
-	me.elem_len = strlen(name);
-
-	if (!match) {
-		strbuf_addstr(base, name);
-		if (base->len)
-			strbuf_addch(base, '/');
+
+		/*
+		 * Pre-filter known-missing tree objects when explicitly
+		 * requested.  This may cause the actual filter to report
+		 * an incomplete list of missing objects.
+		 */
+		if (revs->exclude_promisor_objects &&
+		    is_promisor_object(&obj->oid))
+			return;
+
+		die("bad tree object %s", oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
 	}
 
+	strbuf_addstr(base, name);
+	if (!(obj->flags & USER_GIVEN) && filter_fn)
+		r = filter_fn(LOFS_BEGIN_TREE, obj,
+			      base->buf, &base->buf[baselen],
+			      filter_data);
+	if (r & LOFR_MARK_SEEN)
+		obj->flags |= SEEN;
+	if (r & LOFR_DO_SHOW)
+		show(obj, base->buf, cb_data);
+	if (base->len)
+		strbuf_addch(base, '/');
+
 	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 
 	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
@@ -112,19 +158,30 @@ static void process_tree(struct rev_info *revs,
 
 		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
 			process_tree(revs,
-				     lookup_tree(entry.sha1),
-				     show, &me, base, entry.path,
-				     cb_data);
+				     lookup_tree(the_repository, entry.oid),
+				     show, base, entry.path,
+				     cb_data, filter_fn, filter_data);
 		else if (S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode))
-			process_gitlink(revs, entry.sha1,
-					show, &me, entry.path,
+			process_gitlink(revs, entry.oid->hash,
+					show, base, entry.path,
 					cb_data);
 		else
 			process_blob(revs,
-				     lookup_blob(entry.sha1),
-				     show, &me, entry.path,
-				     cb_data);
+				     lookup_blob(the_repository, entry.oid),
+				     show, base, entry.path,
+				     cb_data, filter_fn, filter_data);
+	}
+
+	if (!(obj->flags & USER_GIVEN) && filter_fn) {
+		r = filter_fn(LOFS_END_TREE, obj,
+			      base->buf, &base->buf[baselen],
+			      filter_data);
+		if (r & LOFR_MARK_SEEN)
+			obj->flags |= SEEN;
+		if (r & LOFR_DO_SHOW)
+			show(obj, base->buf, cb_data);
 	}
+
 	strbuf_setlen(base, baselen);
 	free_tree_buffer(tree);
 }
@@ -139,7 +196,7 @@ static void mark_edge_parents_uninteresting(struct commit *commit,
 		struct commit *parent = parents->item;
 		if (!(parent->object.flags & UNINTERESTING))
 			continue;
-		mark_tree_uninteresting(parent->tree);
+		mark_tree_uninteresting(get_commit_tree(parent));
 		if (revs->edge_hint && !(parent->object.flags & SHOWN)) {
 			parent->object.flags |= SHOWN;
 			show_edge(parent);
@@ -156,7 +213,7 @@ void mark_edges_uninteresting(struct rev_info *revs, show_edge_fn show_edge)
 		struct commit *commit = list->item;
 
 		if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING) {
-			mark_tree_uninteresting(commit->tree);
+			mark_tree_uninteresting(get_commit_tree(commit));
 			if (revs->edge_hint_aggressive && !(commit->object.flags & SHOWN)) {
 				commit->object.flags |= SHOWN;
 				show_edge(commit);
@@ -171,7 +228,7 @@ void mark_edges_uninteresting(struct rev_info *revs, show_edge_fn show_edge)
 			struct commit *commit = (struct commit *)obj;
 			if (obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT || !(obj->flags & UNINTERESTING))
 				continue;
-			mark_tree_uninteresting(commit->tree);
+			mark_tree_uninteresting(get_commit_tree(commit));
 			if (!(obj->flags & SHOWN)) {
 				obj->flags |= SHOWN;
 				show_edge(commit);
@@ -185,25 +242,17 @@ static void add_pending_tree(struct rev_info *revs, struct tree *tree)
 	add_pending_object(revs, &tree->object, "");
 }
 
-void traverse_commit_list(struct rev_info *revs,
-			  show_commit_fn show_commit,
-			  show_object_fn show_object,
-			  void *data)
+static void traverse_trees_and_blobs(struct rev_info *revs,
+				     struct strbuf *base,
+				     show_object_fn show_object,
+				     void *show_data,
+				     filter_object_fn filter_fn,
+				     void *filter_data)
 {
 	int i;
-	struct commit *commit;
-	struct strbuf base;
 
-	strbuf_init(&base, PATH_MAX);
-	while ((commit = get_revision(revs)) != NULL) {
-		/*
-		 * an uninteresting boundary commit may not have its tree
-		 * parsed yet, but we are not going to show them anyway
-		 */
-		if (commit->tree)
-			add_pending_tree(revs, commit->tree);
-		show_commit(commit, data);
-	}
+	assert(base->len == 0);
+
 	for (i = 0; i < revs->pending.nr; i++) {
 		struct object_array_entry *pending = revs->pending.objects + i;
 		struct object *obj = pending->item;
@@ -213,24 +262,89 @@ void traverse_commit_list(struct rev_info *revs,
 			continue;
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
 			obj->flags |= SEEN;
-			show_object(obj, NULL, name, data);
+			show_object(obj, name, show_data);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!path)
 			path = "";
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
 			process_tree(revs, (struct tree *)obj, show_object,
-				     NULL, &base, path, data);
+				     base, path, show_data,
+				     filter_fn, filter_data);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB) {
 			process_blob(revs, (struct blob *)obj, show_object,
-				     NULL, path, data);
+				     base, path, show_data,
+				     filter_fn, filter_data);
 			continue;
 		}
 		die("unknown pending object %s (%s)",
-		    sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1), name);
+		    oid_to_hex(&obj->oid), name);
 	}
 	object_array_clear(&revs->pending);
-	strbuf_release(&base);
+}
+
+static void do_traverse(struct rev_info *revs,
+			show_commit_fn show_commit,
+			show_object_fn show_object,
+			void *show_data,
+			filter_object_fn filter_fn,
+			void *filter_data)
+{
+	struct commit *commit;
+	struct strbuf csp; /* callee's scratch pad */
+	strbuf_init(&csp, PATH_MAX);
+
+	while ((commit = get_revision(revs)) != NULL) {
+		/*
+		 * an uninteresting boundary commit may not have its tree
+		 * parsed yet, but we are not going to show them anyway
+		 */
+		if (get_commit_tree(commit))
+			add_pending_tree(revs, get_commit_tree(commit));
+		show_commit(commit, show_data);
+
+		if (revs->tree_blobs_in_commit_order)
+			/*
+			 * NEEDSWORK: Adding the tree and then flushing it here
+			 * needs a reallocation for each commit. Can we pass the
+			 * tree directory without allocation churn?
+			 */
+			traverse_trees_and_blobs(revs, &csp,
+						 show_object, show_data,
+						 filter_fn, filter_data);
+	}
+	traverse_trees_and_blobs(revs, &csp,
+				 show_object, show_data,
+				 filter_fn, filter_data);
+	strbuf_release(&csp);
+}
+
+void traverse_commit_list(struct rev_info *revs,
+			  show_commit_fn show_commit,
+			  show_object_fn show_object,
+			  void *show_data)
+{
+	do_traverse(revs, show_commit, show_object, show_data, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+void traverse_commit_list_filtered(
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	struct rev_info *revs,
+	show_commit_fn show_commit,
+	show_object_fn show_object,
+	void *show_data,
+	struct oidset *omitted)
+{
+	filter_object_fn filter_fn = NULL;
+	filter_free_fn filter_free_fn = NULL;
+	void *filter_data = NULL;
+
+	filter_data = list_objects_filter__init(omitted, filter_options,
+						&filter_fn, &filter_free_fn);
+	do_traverse(revs, show_commit, show_object, show_data,
+		    filter_fn, filter_data);
+	if (filter_data && filter_free_fn)
+		filter_free_fn(filter_data);
 }
diff --git a/list-objects.h b/list-objects.h
index 136a1da5a6..ad40762926 100644
--- a/list-objects.h
+++ b/list-objects.h
@@ -1,11 +1,26 @@
 #ifndef LIST_OBJECTS_H
 #define LIST_OBJECTS_H
 
+struct commit;
+struct object;
+struct rev_info;
+
 typedef void (*show_commit_fn)(struct commit *, void *);
-typedef void (*show_object_fn)(struct object *, const struct name_path *, const char *, void *);
+typedef void (*show_object_fn)(struct object *, const char *, void *);
 void traverse_commit_list(struct rev_info *, show_commit_fn, show_object_fn, void *);
 
 typedef void (*show_edge_fn)(struct commit *);
 void mark_edges_uninteresting(struct rev_info *, show_edge_fn);
 
-#endif
+struct oidset;
+struct list_objects_filter_options;
+
+void traverse_commit_list_filtered(
+	struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options,
+	struct rev_info *revs,
+	show_commit_fn show_commit,
+	show_object_fn show_object,
+	void *show_data,
+	struct oidset *omitted);
+
+#endif /* LIST_OBJECTS_H */
diff --git a/list.h b/list.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eb601192f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/list.h
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ * (originally part of the GNU C Library and Userspace RCU)
+ * Contributed by Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>, 2002.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2009 Pierre-Marc Fournier
+ * Conversion to RCU list.
+ * Copyright (C) 2010 Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
+ *
+ * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with this library; if not, see
+ * <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef LIST_H
+#define LIST_H	1
+
+/*
+ * The definitions of this file are adopted from those which can be
+ * found in the Linux kernel headers to enable people familiar with the
+ * latter find their way in these sources as well.
+ */
+
+/* Basic type for the double-link list. */
+struct list_head {
+	struct list_head *next, *prev;
+};
+
+/* avoid conflicts with BSD-only sys/queue.h */
+#undef LIST_HEAD
+/* Define a variable with the head and tail of the list. */
+#define LIST_HEAD(name) \
+	struct list_head name = { &(name), &(name) }
+
+/* Initialize a new list head. */
+#define INIT_LIST_HEAD(ptr) \
+	(ptr)->next = (ptr)->prev = (ptr)
+
+#define LIST_HEAD_INIT(name) { &(name), &(name) }
+
+/* Add new element at the head of the list. */
+static inline void list_add(struct list_head *newp, struct list_head *head)
+{
+	head->next->prev = newp;
+	newp->next = head->next;
+	newp->prev = head;
+	head->next = newp;
+}
+
+/* Add new element at the tail of the list. */
+static inline void list_add_tail(struct list_head *newp, struct list_head *head)
+{
+	head->prev->next = newp;
+	newp->next = head;
+	newp->prev = head->prev;
+	head->prev = newp;
+}
+
+/* Remove element from list. */
+static inline void __list_del(struct list_head *prev, struct list_head *next)
+{
+	next->prev = prev;
+	prev->next = next;
+}
+
+/* Remove element from list. */
+static inline void list_del(struct list_head *elem)
+{
+	__list_del(elem->prev, elem->next);
+}
+
+/* Remove element from list, initializing the element's list pointers. */
+static inline void list_del_init(struct list_head *elem)
+{
+	list_del(elem);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(elem);
+}
+
+/* Delete from list, add to another list as head. */
+static inline void list_move(struct list_head *elem, struct list_head *head)
+{
+	__list_del(elem->prev, elem->next);
+	list_add(elem, head);
+}
+
+/* Replace an old entry. */
+static inline void list_replace(struct list_head *old, struct list_head *newp)
+{
+	newp->next = old->next;
+	newp->prev = old->prev;
+	newp->prev->next = newp;
+	newp->next->prev = newp;
+}
+
+/* Join two lists. */
+static inline void list_splice(struct list_head *add, struct list_head *head)
+{
+	/* Do nothing if the list which gets added is empty. */
+	if (add != add->next) {
+		add->next->prev = head;
+		add->prev->next = head->next;
+		head->next->prev = add->prev;
+		head->next = add->next;
+	}
+}
+
+/* Get typed element from list at a given position. */
+#define list_entry(ptr, type, member) \
+	((type *) ((char *) (ptr) - offsetof(type, member)))
+
+/* Get first entry from a list. */
+#define list_first_entry(ptr, type, member) \
+	list_entry((ptr)->next, type, member)
+
+/* Iterate forward over the elements of the list. */
+#define list_for_each(pos, head) \
+	for (pos = (head)->next; pos != (head); pos = pos->next)
+
+/*
+ * Iterate forward over the elements list. The list elements can be
+ * removed from the list while doing this.
+ */
+#define list_for_each_safe(pos, p, head) \
+	for (pos = (head)->next, p = pos->next; \
+		pos != (head); \
+		pos = p, p = pos->next)
+
+/* Iterate backward over the elements of the list. */
+#define list_for_each_prev(pos, head) \
+	for (pos = (head)->prev; pos != (head); pos = pos->prev)
+
+/*
+ * Iterate backwards over the elements list. The list elements can be
+ * removed from the list while doing this.
+ */
+#define list_for_each_prev_safe(pos, p, head) \
+	for (pos = (head)->prev, p = pos->prev; \
+		pos != (head); \
+		pos = p, p = pos->prev)
+
+static inline int list_empty(struct list_head *head)
+{
+	return head == head->next;
+}
+
+static inline void list_replace_init(struct list_head *old,
+				     struct list_head *newp)
+{
+	struct list_head *head = old->next;
+
+	list_del(old);
+	list_add_tail(newp, head);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(old);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is exactly the same as a normal list_head, except that it can be
+ * declared volatile (e.g., if you have a list that may be accessed from signal
+ * handlers).
+ */
+struct volatile_list_head {
+	volatile struct volatile_list_head *next, *prev;
+};
+
+#define VOLATILE_LIST_HEAD(name) \
+	volatile struct volatile_list_head name = { &(name), &(name) }
+
+static inline void __volatile_list_del(volatile struct volatile_list_head *prev,
+				       volatile struct volatile_list_head *next)
+{
+	next->prev = prev;
+	prev->next = next;
+}
+
+static inline void volatile_list_del(volatile struct volatile_list_head *elem)
+{
+	__volatile_list_del(elem->prev, elem->next);
+}
+
+static inline int volatile_list_empty(volatile struct volatile_list_head *head)
+{
+	return head == head->next;
+}
+
+static inline void volatile_list_add(volatile struct volatile_list_head *newp,
+				     volatile struct volatile_list_head *head)
+{
+	head->next->prev = newp;
+	newp->next = head->next;
+	newp->prev = head;
+	head->next = newp;
+}
+
+#endif /* LIST_H */
diff --git a/ll-merge.c b/ll-merge.c
index 8ea03e536a..0e2800f7bb 100644
--- a/ll-merge.c
+++ b/ll-merge.c
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "attr.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "ll-merge.h"
+#include "quote.h"
 
 struct ll_merge_driver;
 
@@ -46,7 +48,9 @@ static int ll_binary_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *drv_unused,
 	assert(opts);
 
 	/*
-	 * The tentative merge result is the or common ancestor for an internal merge.
+	 * The tentative merge result is the common ancestor for an
+	 * internal merge.  For the final merge, it is "ours" by
+	 * default but -Xours/-Xtheirs can tweak the choice.
 	 */
 	if (opts->virtual_ancestor) {
 		stolen = orig;
@@ -88,7 +92,10 @@ static int ll_xdl_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *drv_unused,
 	xmparam_t xmp;
 	assert(opts);
 
-	if (buffer_is_binary(orig->ptr, orig->size) ||
+	if (orig->size > MAX_XDIFF_SIZE ||
+	    src1->size > MAX_XDIFF_SIZE ||
+	    src2->size > MAX_XDIFF_SIZE ||
+	    buffer_is_binary(orig->ptr, orig->size) ||
 	    buffer_is_binary(src1->ptr, src1->size) ||
 	    buffer_is_binary(src2->ptr, src2->size)) {
 		return ll_binary_merge(drv_unused, result,
@@ -141,13 +148,13 @@ static struct ll_merge_driver ll_merge_drv[] = {
 	{ "union", "built-in union merge", ll_union_merge },
 };
 
-static void create_temp(mmfile_t *src, char *path)
+static void create_temp(mmfile_t *src, char *path, size_t len)
 {
 	int fd;
 
-	strcpy(path, ".merge_file_XXXXXX");
+	xsnprintf(path, len, ".merge_file_XXXXXX");
 	fd = xmkstemp(path);
-	if (write_in_full(fd, src->ptr, src->size) != src->size)
+	if (write_in_full(fd, src->ptr, src->size) < 0)
 		die_errno("unable to write temp-file");
 	close(fd);
 }
@@ -166,27 +173,30 @@ static int ll_ext_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *fn,
 {
 	char temp[4][50];
 	struct strbuf cmd = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf_expand_dict_entry dict[5];
+	struct strbuf_expand_dict_entry dict[6];
+	struct strbuf path_sq = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *args[] = { NULL, NULL };
 	int status, fd, i;
 	struct stat st;
 	assert(opts);
 
+	sq_quote_buf(&path_sq, path);
 	dict[0].placeholder = "O"; dict[0].value = temp[0];
 	dict[1].placeholder = "A"; dict[1].value = temp[1];
 	dict[2].placeholder = "B"; dict[2].value = temp[2];
 	dict[3].placeholder = "L"; dict[3].value = temp[3];
-	dict[4].placeholder = NULL; dict[4].value = NULL;
+	dict[4].placeholder = "P"; dict[4].value = path_sq.buf;
+	dict[5].placeholder = NULL; dict[5].value = NULL;
 
 	if (fn->cmdline == NULL)
 		die("custom merge driver %s lacks command line.", fn->name);
 
 	result->ptr = NULL;
 	result->size = 0;
-	create_temp(orig, temp[0]);
-	create_temp(src1, temp[1]);
-	create_temp(src2, temp[2]);
-	sprintf(temp[3], "%d", marker_size);
+	create_temp(orig, temp[0], sizeof(temp[0]));
+	create_temp(src1, temp[1], sizeof(temp[1]));
+	create_temp(src2, temp[2], sizeof(temp[2]));
+	xsnprintf(temp[3], sizeof(temp[3]), "%d", marker_size);
 
 	strbuf_expand(&cmd, fn->cmdline, strbuf_expand_dict_cb, &dict);
 
@@ -198,10 +208,9 @@ static int ll_ext_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *fn,
 	if (fstat(fd, &st))
 		goto close_bad;
 	result->size = st.st_size;
-	result->ptr = xmalloc(result->size + 1);
+	result->ptr = xmallocz(result->size);
 	if (read_in_full(fd, result->ptr, result->size) != result->size) {
-		free(result->ptr);
-		result->ptr = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(result->ptr);
 		result->size = 0;
 	}
  close_bad:
@@ -210,6 +219,7 @@ static int ll_ext_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *fn,
 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
 		unlink_or_warn(temp[i]);
 	strbuf_release(&cmd);
+	strbuf_release(&path_sq);
 	return status;
 }
 
@@ -269,6 +279,7 @@ static int read_merge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		 *    %A - temporary file name for our version.
 		 *    %B - temporary file name for the other branches' version.
 		 *    %L - conflict marker length
+		 *    %P - the original path (safely quoted for the shell)
 		 *
 		 * The external merge driver should write the results in the
 		 * file named by %A, and signal that it has done with zero exit
@@ -325,19 +336,10 @@ static const struct ll_merge_driver *find_ll_merge_driver(const char *merge_attr
 	return &ll_merge_drv[LL_TEXT_MERGE];
 }
 
-static int git_path_check_merge(const char *path, struct git_attr_check check[2])
-{
-	if (!check[0].attr) {
-		check[0].attr = git_attr("merge");
-		check[1].attr = git_attr("conflict-marker-size");
-	}
-	return git_check_attr(path, 2, check);
-}
-
 static void normalize_file(mmfile_t *mm, const char *path)
 {
 	struct strbuf strbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	if (renormalize_buffer(path, mm->ptr, mm->size, &strbuf)) {
+	if (renormalize_buffer(&the_index, path, mm->ptr, mm->size, &strbuf)) {
 		free(mm->ptr);
 		mm->size = strbuf.len;
 		mm->ptr = strbuf_detach(&strbuf, NULL);
@@ -351,7 +353,7 @@ int ll_merge(mmbuffer_t *result_buf,
 	     mmfile_t *theirs, const char *their_label,
 	     const struct ll_merge_options *opts)
 {
-	static struct git_attr_check check[2];
+	static struct attr_check *check;
 	static const struct ll_merge_options default_opts;
 	const char *ll_driver_name = NULL;
 	int marker_size = DEFAULT_CONFLICT_MARKER_SIZE;
@@ -365,17 +367,25 @@ int ll_merge(mmbuffer_t *result_buf,
 		normalize_file(ours, path);
 		normalize_file(theirs, path);
 	}
-	if (!git_path_check_merge(path, check)) {
-		ll_driver_name = check[0].value;
-		if (check[1].value) {
-			marker_size = atoi(check[1].value);
+
+	if (!check)
+		check = attr_check_initl("merge", "conflict-marker-size", NULL);
+
+	if (!git_check_attr(&the_index, path, check)) {
+		ll_driver_name = check->items[0].value;
+		if (check->items[1].value) {
+			marker_size = atoi(check->items[1].value);
 			if (marker_size <= 0)
 				marker_size = DEFAULT_CONFLICT_MARKER_SIZE;
 		}
 	}
 	driver = find_ll_merge_driver(ll_driver_name);
-	if (opts->virtual_ancestor && driver->recursive)
-		driver = find_ll_merge_driver(driver->recursive);
+
+	if (opts->virtual_ancestor) {
+		if (driver->recursive)
+			driver = find_ll_merge_driver(driver->recursive);
+		marker_size += 2;
+	}
 	return driver->fn(driver, result_buf, path, ancestor, ancestor_label,
 			  ours, our_label, theirs, their_label,
 			  opts, marker_size);
@@ -383,13 +393,13 @@ int ll_merge(mmbuffer_t *result_buf,
 
 int ll_merge_marker_size(const char *path)
 {
-	static struct git_attr_check check;
+	static struct attr_check *check;
 	int marker_size = DEFAULT_CONFLICT_MARKER_SIZE;
 
-	if (!check.attr)
-		check.attr = git_attr("conflict-marker-size");
-	if (!git_check_attr(path, 1, &check) && check.value) {
-		marker_size = atoi(check.value);
+	if (!check)
+		check = attr_check_initl("conflict-marker-size", NULL);
+	if (!git_check_attr(&the_index, path, check) && check->items[0].value) {
+		marker_size = atoi(check->items[0].value);
 		if (marker_size <= 0)
 			marker_size = DEFAULT_CONFLICT_MARKER_SIZE;
 	}
diff --git a/ll-merge.h b/ll-merge.h
index 244a31f55a..b72b19921e 100644
--- a/ll-merge.h
+++ b/ll-merge.h
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 #ifndef LL_MERGE_H
 #define LL_MERGE_H
 
+#include "xdiff/xdiff.h"
+
 struct ll_merge_options {
 	unsigned virtual_ancestor : 1;
 	unsigned variant : 2;	/* favor ours, favor theirs, or union merge */
diff --git a/lockfile.c b/lockfile.c
index 9889277751..8e8ab4f29f 100644
--- a/lockfile.c
+++ b/lockfile.c
@@ -1,38 +1,9 @@
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2005, Junio C Hamano
  */
+
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
-#include "sigchain.h"
-
-static struct lock_file *volatile lock_file_list;
-
-static void remove_lock_files(int skip_fclose)
-{
-	pid_t me = getpid();
-
-	while (lock_file_list) {
-		if (lock_file_list->owner == me) {
-			/* fclose() is not safe to call in a signal handler */
-			if (skip_fclose)
-				lock_file_list->fp = NULL;
-			rollback_lock_file(lock_file_list);
-		}
-		lock_file_list = lock_file_list->next;
-	}
-}
-
-static void remove_lock_files_on_exit(void)
-{
-	remove_lock_files(0);
-}
-
-static void remove_lock_files_on_signal(int signo)
-{
-	remove_lock_files(1);
-	sigchain_pop(signo);
-	raise(signo);
-}
 
 /*
  * path = absolute or relative path name
@@ -101,72 +72,91 @@ static void resolve_symlink(struct strbuf *path)
 /* Make sure errno contains a meaningful value on error */
 static int lock_file(struct lock_file *lk, const char *path, int flags)
 {
-	size_t pathlen = strlen(path);
+	struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	if (!lock_file_list) {
-		/* One-time initialization */
-		sigchain_push_common(remove_lock_files_on_signal);
-		atexit(remove_lock_files_on_exit);
-	}
+	strbuf_addstr(&filename, path);
+	if (!(flags & LOCK_NO_DEREF))
+		resolve_symlink(&filename);
 
-	if (lk->active)
-		die("BUG: cannot lock_file(\"%s\") using active struct lock_file",
-		    path);
-	if (!lk->on_list) {
-		/* Initialize *lk and add it to lock_file_list: */
-		lk->fd = -1;
-		lk->fp = NULL;
-		lk->active = 0;
-		lk->owner = 0;
-		strbuf_init(&lk->filename, pathlen + LOCK_SUFFIX_LEN);
-		lk->next = lock_file_list;
-		lock_file_list = lk;
-		lk->on_list = 1;
-	} else if (lk->filename.len) {
-		/* This shouldn't happen, but better safe than sorry. */
-		die("BUG: lock_file(\"%s\") called with improperly-reset lock_file object",
-		    path);
-	}
+	strbuf_addstr(&filename, LOCK_SUFFIX);
+	lk->tempfile = create_tempfile(filename.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&filename);
+	return lk->tempfile ? lk->tempfile->fd : -1;
+}
 
-	if (flags & LOCK_NO_DEREF) {
-		strbuf_add_absolute_path(&lk->filename, path);
-	} else {
-		struct strbuf resolved_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+/*
+ * Constants defining the gaps between attempts to lock a file. The
+ * first backoff period is approximately INITIAL_BACKOFF_MS
+ * milliseconds. The longest backoff period is approximately
+ * (BACKOFF_MAX_MULTIPLIER * INITIAL_BACKOFF_MS) milliseconds.
+ */
+#define INITIAL_BACKOFF_MS 1L
+#define BACKOFF_MAX_MULTIPLIER 1000
 
-		strbuf_add(&resolved_path, path, pathlen);
-		resolve_symlink(&resolved_path);
-		strbuf_add_absolute_path(&lk->filename, resolved_path.buf);
-		strbuf_release(&resolved_path);
-	}
+/*
+ * Try locking path, retrying with quadratic backoff for at least
+ * timeout_ms milliseconds. If timeout_ms is 0, try locking the file
+ * exactly once. If timeout_ms is -1, try indefinitely.
+ */
+static int lock_file_timeout(struct lock_file *lk, const char *path,
+			     int flags, long timeout_ms)
+{
+	int n = 1;
+	int multiplier = 1;
+	long remaining_ms = 0;
+	static int random_initialized = 0;
 
-	strbuf_addstr(&lk->filename, LOCK_SUFFIX);
-	lk->fd = open(lk->filename.buf, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
-	if (lk->fd < 0) {
-		strbuf_reset(&lk->filename);
-		return -1;
+	if (timeout_ms == 0)
+		return lock_file(lk, path, flags);
+
+	if (!random_initialized) {
+		srand((unsigned int)getpid());
+		random_initialized = 1;
 	}
-	lk->owner = getpid();
-	lk->active = 1;
-	if (adjust_shared_perm(lk->filename.buf)) {
-		int save_errno = errno;
-		error("cannot fix permission bits on %s", lk->filename.buf);
-		rollback_lock_file(lk);
-		errno = save_errno;
-		return -1;
+
+	if (timeout_ms > 0)
+		remaining_ms = timeout_ms;
+
+	while (1) {
+		long backoff_ms, wait_ms;
+		int fd;
+
+		fd = lock_file(lk, path, flags);
+
+		if (fd >= 0)
+			return fd; /* success */
+		else if (errno != EEXIST)
+			return -1; /* failure other than lock held */
+		else if (timeout_ms > 0 && remaining_ms <= 0)
+			return -1; /* failure due to timeout */
+
+		backoff_ms = multiplier * INITIAL_BACKOFF_MS;
+		/* back off for between 0.75*backoff_ms and 1.25*backoff_ms */
+		wait_ms = (750 + rand() % 500) * backoff_ms / 1000;
+		sleep_millisec(wait_ms);
+		remaining_ms -= wait_ms;
+
+		/* Recursion: (n+1)^2 = n^2 + 2n + 1 */
+		multiplier += 2*n + 1;
+		if (multiplier > BACKOFF_MAX_MULTIPLIER)
+			multiplier = BACKOFF_MAX_MULTIPLIER;
+		else
+			n++;
 	}
-	return lk->fd;
 }
 
 void unable_to_lock_message(const char *path, int err, struct strbuf *buf)
 {
 	if (err == EEXIST) {
-		strbuf_addf(buf, "Unable to create '%s.lock': %s.\n\n"
-		    "If no other git process is currently running, this probably means a\n"
-		    "git process crashed in this repository earlier. Make sure no other git\n"
-		    "process is running and remove the file manually to continue.",
+		strbuf_addf(buf, _("Unable to create '%s.lock': %s.\n\n"
+		    "Another git process seems to be running in this repository, e.g.\n"
+		    "an editor opened by 'git commit'. Please make sure all processes\n"
+		    "are terminated then try again. If it still fails, a git process\n"
+		    "may have crashed in this repository earlier:\n"
+		    "remove the file manually to continue."),
 			    absolute_path(path), strerror(err));
 	} else
-		strbuf_addf(buf, "Unable to create '%s.lock': %s",
+		strbuf_addf(buf, _("Unable to create '%s.lock': %s"),
 			    absolute_path(path), strerror(err));
 }
 
@@ -179,162 +169,46 @@ NORETURN void unable_to_lock_die(const char *path, int err)
 }
 
 /* This should return a meaningful errno on failure */
-int hold_lock_file_for_update(struct lock_file *lk, const char *path, int flags)
-{
-	int fd = lock_file(lk, path, flags);
-	if (fd < 0 && (flags & LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR))
-		unable_to_lock_die(path, errno);
-	return fd;
-}
-
-int hold_lock_file_for_append(struct lock_file *lk, const char *path, int flags)
+int hold_lock_file_for_update_timeout(struct lock_file *lk, const char *path,
+				      int flags, long timeout_ms)
 {
-	int fd, orig_fd;
-
-	fd = lock_file(lk, path, flags);
+	int fd = lock_file_timeout(lk, path, flags, timeout_ms);
 	if (fd < 0) {
 		if (flags & LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR)
 			unable_to_lock_die(path, errno);
-		return fd;
-	}
-
-	orig_fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
-	if (orig_fd < 0) {
-		if (errno != ENOENT) {
-			int save_errno = errno;
-
-			if (flags & LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR)
-				die("cannot open '%s' for copying", path);
-			rollback_lock_file(lk);
-			error("cannot open '%s' for copying", path);
-			errno = save_errno;
-			return -1;
+		if (flags & LOCK_REPORT_ON_ERROR) {
+			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+			unable_to_lock_message(path, errno, &buf);
+			error("%s", buf.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&buf);
 		}
-	} else if (copy_fd(orig_fd, fd)) {
-		int save_errno = errno;
-
-		if (flags & LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR)
-			exit(128);
-		close(orig_fd);
-		rollback_lock_file(lk);
-		errno = save_errno;
-		return -1;
-	} else {
-		close(orig_fd);
 	}
 	return fd;
 }
 
-FILE *fdopen_lock_file(struct lock_file *lk, const char *mode)
-{
-	if (!lk->active)
-		die("BUG: fdopen_lock_file() called for unlocked object");
-	if (lk->fp)
-		die("BUG: fdopen_lock_file() called twice for file '%s'", lk->filename.buf);
-
-	lk->fp = fdopen(lk->fd, mode);
-	return lk->fp;
-}
-
 char *get_locked_file_path(struct lock_file *lk)
 {
-	if (!lk->active)
-		die("BUG: get_locked_file_path() called for unlocked object");
-	if (lk->filename.len <= LOCK_SUFFIX_LEN)
-		die("BUG: get_locked_file_path() called for malformed lock object");
-	return xmemdupz(lk->filename.buf, lk->filename.len - LOCK_SUFFIX_LEN);
-}
-
-int close_lock_file(struct lock_file *lk)
-{
-	int fd = lk->fd;
-	FILE *fp = lk->fp;
-	int err;
-
-	if (fd < 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	lk->fd = -1;
-	if (fp) {
-		lk->fp = NULL;
-
-		/*
-		 * Note: no short-circuiting here; we want to fclose()
-		 * in any case!
-		 */
-		err = ferror(fp) | fclose(fp);
-	} else {
-		err = close(fd);
-	}
-
-	if (err) {
-		int save_errno = errno;
-		rollback_lock_file(lk);
-		errno = save_errno;
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
+	struct strbuf ret = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-int reopen_lock_file(struct lock_file *lk)
-{
-	if (0 <= lk->fd)
-		die(_("BUG: reopen a lockfile that is still open"));
-	if (!lk->active)
-		die(_("BUG: reopen a lockfile that has been committed"));
-	lk->fd = open(lk->filename.buf, O_WRONLY);
-	return lk->fd;
+	strbuf_addstr(&ret, get_tempfile_path(lk->tempfile));
+	if (ret.len <= LOCK_SUFFIX_LEN ||
+	    strcmp(ret.buf + ret.len - LOCK_SUFFIX_LEN, LOCK_SUFFIX))
+		BUG("get_locked_file_path() called for malformed lock object");
+	/* remove ".lock": */
+	strbuf_setlen(&ret, ret.len - LOCK_SUFFIX_LEN);
+	return strbuf_detach(&ret, NULL);
 }
 
-int commit_lock_file_to(struct lock_file *lk, const char *path)
+int commit_lock_file(struct lock_file *lk)
 {
-	if (!lk->active)
-		die("BUG: attempt to commit unlocked object to \"%s\"", path);
-
-	if (close_lock_file(lk))
-		return -1;
+	char *result_path = get_locked_file_path(lk);
 
-	if (rename(lk->filename.buf, path)) {
+	if (commit_lock_file_to(lk, result_path)) {
 		int save_errno = errno;
-		rollback_lock_file(lk);
+		free(result_path);
 		errno = save_errno;
 		return -1;
 	}
-
-	lk->active = 0;
-	strbuf_reset(&lk->filename);
+	free(result_path);
 	return 0;
 }
-
-int commit_lock_file(struct lock_file *lk)
-{
-	static struct strbuf result_file = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int err;
-
-	if (!lk->active)
-		die("BUG: attempt to commit unlocked object");
-
-	if (lk->filename.len <= LOCK_SUFFIX_LEN ||
-	    strcmp(lk->filename.buf + lk->filename.len - LOCK_SUFFIX_LEN, LOCK_SUFFIX))
-		die("BUG: lockfile filename corrupt");
-
-	/* remove ".lock": */
-	strbuf_add(&result_file, lk->filename.buf,
-		   lk->filename.len - LOCK_SUFFIX_LEN);
-	err = commit_lock_file_to(lk, result_file.buf);
-	strbuf_reset(&result_file);
-	return err;
-}
-
-void rollback_lock_file(struct lock_file *lk)
-{
-	if (!lk->active)
-		return;
-
-	if (!close_lock_file(lk)) {
-		unlink_or_warn(lk->filename.buf);
-		lk->active = 0;
-		strbuf_reset(&lk->filename);
-	}
-}
diff --git a/lockfile.h b/lockfile.h
index cd2ec95d30..f401c979f0 100644
--- a/lockfile.h
+++ b/lockfile.h
@@ -4,84 +4,304 @@
 /*
  * File write-locks as used by Git.
  *
- * For an overview of how to use the lockfile API, please see
- *
- *     Documentation/technical/api-lockfile.txt
- *
- * This module keeps track of all locked files in lock_file_list for
- * use at cleanup. This list and the lock_file objects that comprise
- * it must be kept in self-consistent states at all time, because the
- * program can be interrupted any time by a signal, in which case the
- * signal handler will walk through the list attempting to clean up
- * any open lock files.
- *
- * A lockfile is owned by the process that created it. The lock_file
- * object has an "owner" field that records its owner. This field is
- * used to prevent a forked process from closing a lockfile created by
- * its parent.
- *
- * The possible states of a lock_file object are as follows:
- *
- * - Uninitialized.  In this state the object's on_list field must be
- *   zero but the rest of its contents need not be initialized.  As
- *   soon as the object is used in any way, it is irrevocably
- *   registered in the lock_file_list, and on_list is set.
- *
- * - Locked, lockfile open (after hold_lock_file_for_update(),
- *   hold_lock_file_for_append(), or reopen_lock_file()). In this
- *   state:
- *   - the lockfile exists
- *   - active is set
- *   - filename holds the filename of the lockfile
- *   - fd holds a file descriptor open for writing to the lockfile
- *   - fp holds a pointer to an open FILE object if and only if
- *     fdopen_lock_file() has been called on the object
- *   - owner holds the PID of the process that locked the file
- *
- * - Locked, lockfile closed (after successful close_lock_file()).
- *   Same as the previous state, except that the lockfile is closed
- *   and fd is -1.
- *
- * - Unlocked (after commit_lock_file(), commit_lock_file_to(),
- *   rollback_lock_file(), a failed attempt to lock, or a failed
- *   close_lock_file()).  In this state:
- *   - active is unset
- *   - filename is empty (usually, though there are transitory
- *     states in which this condition doesn't hold). Client code should
- *     *not* rely on the filename being empty in this state.
- *   - fd is -1
- *   - the object is left registered in the lock_file_list, and
- *     on_list is set.
+ * The lockfile API serves two purposes:
+ *
+ * * Mutual exclusion and atomic file updates. When we want to change
+ *   a file, we create a lockfile `<filename>.lock`, write the new
+ *   file contents into it, and then rename the lockfile to its final
+ *   destination `<filename>`. We create the `<filename>.lock` file
+ *   with `O_CREAT|O_EXCL` so that we can notice and fail if somebody
+ *   else has already locked the file, then atomically rename the
+ *   lockfile to its final destination to commit the changes and
+ *   unlock the file.
+ *
+ * * Automatic cruft removal. If the program exits after we lock a
+ *   file but before the changes have been committed, we want to make
+ *   sure that we remove the lockfile. This is done by remembering the
+ *   lockfiles we have created in a linked list and setting up an
+ *   `atexit(3)` handler and a signal handler that clean up the
+ *   lockfiles. This mechanism ensures that outstanding lockfiles are
+ *   cleaned up if the program exits (including when `die()` is
+ *   called) or if the program is terminated by a signal.
+ *
+ * Please note that lockfiles only block other writers. Readers do not
+ * block, but they are guaranteed to see either the old contents of
+ * the file or the new contents of the file (assuming that the
+ * filesystem implements `rename(2)` atomically).
+ *
+ * Most of the heavy lifting is done by the tempfile module (see
+ * "tempfile.h").
+ *
+ * Calling sequence
+ * ----------------
+ *
+ * The caller:
+ *
+ * * Allocates a `struct lock_file` with whatever storage duration you
+ *   desire. The struct does not have to be initialized before being
+ *   used, but it is good practice to do so using by setting it to
+ *   all-zeros (or using the LOCK_INIT macro). This puts the object in a
+ *   consistent state that allows you to call rollback_lock_file() even
+ *   if the lock was never taken (in which case it is a noop).
+ *
+ * * Attempts to create a lockfile by calling `hold_lock_file_for_update()`.
+ *
+ * * Writes new content for the destination file by either:
+ *
+ *   * writing to the file descriptor returned by the
+ *     `hold_lock_file_for_*()` functions (also available via
+ *     `lock->fd`).
+ *
+ *   * calling `fdopen_lock_file()` to get a `FILE` pointer for the
+ *     open file and writing to the file using stdio.
+ *
+ *   Note that the file descriptor returned by hold_lock_file_for_update()
+ *   is marked O_CLOEXEC, so the new contents must be written by the
+ *   current process, not a spawned one.
+ *
+ * When finished writing, the caller can:
+ *
+ * * Close the file descriptor and rename the lockfile to its final
+ *   destination by calling `commit_lock_file()` or
+ *   `commit_lock_file_to()`.
+ *
+ * * Close the file descriptor and remove the lockfile by calling
+ *   `rollback_lock_file()`.
+ *
+ * * Close the file descriptor without removing or renaming the
+ *   lockfile by calling `close_lock_file_gently()`, and later call
+ *   `commit_lock_file()`, `commit_lock_file_to()`,
+ *   `rollback_lock_file()`, or `reopen_lock_file()`.
+ *
+ * After the lockfile is committed or rolled back, the `lock_file`
+ * object can be discarded or reused.
+ *
+ * If the program exits before `commit_lock_file()`,
+ * `commit_lock_file_to()`, or `rollback_lock_file()` is called, the
+ * tempfile module will close and remove the lockfile, thereby rolling
+ * back any uncommitted changes.
+ *
+ * If you need to close the file descriptor you obtained from a
+ * `hold_lock_file_for_*()` function yourself, do so by calling
+ * `close_lock_file_gently()`. See "tempfile.h" for more information.
+ *
+ *
+ * Under the covers, a lockfile is just a tempfile with a few helper
+ * functions. In particular, the state diagram and the cleanup
+ * machinery are all implemented in the tempfile module.
+ *
+ *
+ * Error handling
+ * --------------
+ *
+ * The `hold_lock_file_for_*()` functions return a file descriptor on
+ * success or -1 on failure (unless `LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR` is used; see
+ * "flags" below). On errors, `errno` describes the reason for
+ * failure. Errors can be reported by passing `errno` to
+ * `unable_to_lock_message()` or `unable_to_lock_die()`.
+ *
+ * Similarly, `commit_lock_file`, `commit_lock_file_to`, and
+ * `close_lock_file` return 0 on success. On failure they set `errno`
+ * appropriately and return -1. The `commit` variants (but not `close`)
+ * do their best to delete the temporary file before returning.
  */
 
+#include "tempfile.h"
+
 struct lock_file {
-	struct lock_file *volatile next;
-	volatile sig_atomic_t active;
-	volatile int fd;
-	FILE *volatile fp;
-	volatile pid_t owner;
-	char on_list;
-	struct strbuf filename;
+	struct tempfile *tempfile;
 };
 
+#define LOCK_INIT { NULL }
+
 /* String appended to a filename to derive the lockfile name: */
 #define LOCK_SUFFIX ".lock"
 #define LOCK_SUFFIX_LEN 5
 
+
+/*
+ * Flags
+ * -----
+ *
+ * The following flags can be passed to `hold_lock_file_for_update()`.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * If a lock is already taken for the file, `die()` with an error
+ * message. If this flag is not specified, trying to lock a file that
+ * is already locked silently returns -1 to the caller, or ...
+ */
 #define LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR 1
+
+/*
+ * ... this flag can be passed instead to return -1 and give the usual
+ * error message upon an error.
+ */
+#define LOCK_REPORT_ON_ERROR 4
+
+/*
+ * Usually symbolic links in the destination path are resolved. This
+ * means that (1) the lockfile is created by adding ".lock" to the
+ * resolved path, and (2) upon commit, the resolved path is
+ * overwritten. However, if `LOCK_NO_DEREF` is set, then the lockfile
+ * is created by adding ".lock" to the path argument itself. This
+ * option is used, for example, when detaching a symbolic reference,
+ * which for backwards-compatibility reasons, can be a symbolic link
+ * containing the name of the referred-to-reference.
+ */
 #define LOCK_NO_DEREF 2
 
+/*
+ * Attempt to create a lockfile for the file at `path` and return a
+ * file descriptor for writing to it, or -1 on error. If the file is
+ * currently locked, retry with quadratic backoff for at least
+ * timeout_ms milliseconds. If timeout_ms is 0, try exactly once; if
+ * timeout_ms is -1, retry indefinitely. The flags argument and error
+ * handling are described above.
+ */
+extern int hold_lock_file_for_update_timeout(
+		struct lock_file *lk, const char *path,
+		int flags, long timeout_ms);
+
+/*
+ * Attempt to create a lockfile for the file at `path` and return a
+ * file descriptor for writing to it, or -1 on error. The flags
+ * argument and error handling are described above.
+ */
+static inline int hold_lock_file_for_update(
+		struct lock_file *lk, const char *path,
+		int flags)
+{
+	return hold_lock_file_for_update_timeout(lk, path, flags, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return a nonzero value iff `lk` is currently locked.
+ */
+static inline int is_lock_file_locked(struct lock_file *lk)
+{
+	return is_tempfile_active(lk->tempfile);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Append an appropriate error message to `buf` following the failure
+ * of `hold_lock_file_for_update()` to lock `path`. `err` should be the
+ * `errno` set by the failing call.
+ */
 extern void unable_to_lock_message(const char *path, int err,
 				   struct strbuf *buf);
+
+/*
+ * Emit an appropriate error message and `die()` following the failure
+ * of `hold_lock_file_for_update()` to lock `path`. `err` should be the
+ * `errno` set by the failing
+ * call.
+ */
 extern NORETURN void unable_to_lock_die(const char *path, int err);
-extern int hold_lock_file_for_update(struct lock_file *, const char *path, int);
-extern int hold_lock_file_for_append(struct lock_file *, const char *path, int);
-extern FILE *fdopen_lock_file(struct lock_file *, const char *mode);
-extern char *get_locked_file_path(struct lock_file *);
-extern int commit_lock_file_to(struct lock_file *, const char *path);
-extern int commit_lock_file(struct lock_file *);
-extern int reopen_lock_file(struct lock_file *);
-extern int close_lock_file(struct lock_file *);
-extern void rollback_lock_file(struct lock_file *);
+
+/*
+ * Associate a stdio stream with the lockfile (which must still be
+ * open). Return `NULL` (*without* rolling back the lockfile) on
+ * error. The stream is closed automatically when
+ * `close_lock_file_gently()` is called or when the file is committed or
+ * rolled back.
+ */
+static inline FILE *fdopen_lock_file(struct lock_file *lk, const char *mode)
+{
+	return fdopen_tempfile(lk->tempfile, mode);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the path of the lockfile. The return value is a pointer to a
+ * field within the lock_file object and should not be freed.
+ */
+static inline const char *get_lock_file_path(struct lock_file *lk)
+{
+	return get_tempfile_path(lk->tempfile);
+}
+
+static inline int get_lock_file_fd(struct lock_file *lk)
+{
+	return get_tempfile_fd(lk->tempfile);
+}
+
+static inline FILE *get_lock_file_fp(struct lock_file *lk)
+{
+	return get_tempfile_fp(lk->tempfile);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the path of the file that is locked by the specified
+ * lock_file object. The caller must free the memory.
+ */
+extern char *get_locked_file_path(struct lock_file *lk);
+
+/*
+ * If the lockfile is still open, close it (and the file pointer if it
+ * has been opened using `fdopen_lock_file()`) without renaming the
+ * lockfile over the file being locked. Return 0 upon success. On
+ * failure to `close(2)`, return a negative value (the lockfile is not
+ * rolled back). Usually `commit_lock_file()`, `commit_lock_file_to()`,
+ * or `rollback_lock_file()` should eventually be called.
+ */
+static inline int close_lock_file_gently(struct lock_file *lk)
+{
+	return close_tempfile_gently(lk->tempfile);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Re-open a lockfile that has been closed using `close_lock_file_gently()`
+ * but not yet committed or rolled back. This can be used to implement
+ * a sequence of operations like the following:
+ *
+ * * Lock file.
+ *
+ * * Write new contents to lockfile, then `close_lock_file_gently()` to
+ *   cause the contents to be written to disk.
+ *
+ * * Pass the name of the lockfile to another program to allow it (and
+ *   nobody else) to inspect the contents you wrote, while still
+ *   holding the lock yourself.
+ *
+ * * `reopen_lock_file()` to reopen the lockfile. Make further updates
+ *   to the contents.
+ *
+ * * `commit_lock_file()` to make the final version permanent.
+ */
+static inline int reopen_lock_file(struct lock_file *lk)
+{
+	return reopen_tempfile(lk->tempfile);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Commit the change represented by `lk`: close the file descriptor
+ * and/or file pointer if they are still open and rename the lockfile
+ * to its final destination. Return 0 upon success. On failure, roll
+ * back the lock file and return -1, with `errno` set to the value
+ * from the failing call to `close(2)` or `rename(2)`. It is a bug to
+ * call `commit_lock_file()` for a `lock_file` object that is not
+ * currently locked.
+ */
+extern int commit_lock_file(struct lock_file *lk);
+
+/*
+ * Like `commit_lock_file()`, but rename the lockfile to the provided
+ * `path`. `path` must be on the same filesystem as the lock file.
+ */
+static inline int commit_lock_file_to(struct lock_file *lk, const char *path)
+{
+	return rename_tempfile(&lk->tempfile, path);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Roll back `lk`: close the file descriptor and/or file pointer and
+ * remove the lockfile. It is a NOOP to call `rollback_lock_file()`
+ * for a `lock_file` object that has already been committed or rolled
+ * back.
+ */
+static inline void rollback_lock_file(struct lock_file *lk)
+{
+	delete_tempfile(&lk->tempfile);
+}
 
 #endif /* LOCKFILE_H */
diff --git a/log-tree.c b/log-tree.c
index 7f0890e4ac..7443e5fcc7 100644
--- a/log-tree.c
+++ b/log-tree.c
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "diff.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "graph.h"
@@ -11,8 +14,11 @@
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
 #include "sequencer.h"
 #include "line-log.h"
+#include "help.h"
 
 static struct decoration name_decoration = { "object names" };
+static int decoration_loaded;
+static int decoration_flags;
 
 static char decoration_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
 	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
@@ -24,6 +30,15 @@ static char decoration_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
 	GIT_COLOR_BOLD_BLUE,	/* GRAFTED */
 };
 
+static const char *color_decorate_slots[] = {
+	[DECORATION_REF_LOCAL]	= "branch",
+	[DECORATION_REF_REMOTE] = "remoteBranch",
+	[DECORATION_REF_TAG]	= "tag",
+	[DECORATION_REF_STASH]	= "stash",
+	[DECORATION_REF_HEAD]	= "HEAD",
+	[DECORATION_GRAFTED]	= "grafted",
+};
+
 static const char *decorate_get_color(int decorate_use_color, enum decoration_type ix)
 {
 	if (want_color(decorate_use_color))
@@ -31,34 +46,11 @@ static const char *decorate_get_color(int decorate_use_color, enum decoration_ty
 	return "";
 }
 
-static int parse_decorate_color_slot(const char *slot)
-{
-	/*
-	 * We're comparing with 'ignore-case' on
-	 * (because config.c sets them all tolower),
-	 * but let's match the letters in the literal
-	 * string values here with how they are
-	 * documented in Documentation/config.txt, for
-	 * consistency.
-	 *
-	 * We love being consistent, don't we?
-	 */
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "branch"))
-		return DECORATION_REF_LOCAL;
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "remoteBranch"))
-		return DECORATION_REF_REMOTE;
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "tag"))
-		return DECORATION_REF_TAG;
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "stash"))
-		return DECORATION_REF_STASH;
-	if (!strcasecmp(slot, "HEAD"))
-		return DECORATION_REF_HEAD;
-	return -1;
-}
+define_list_config_array(color_decorate_slots);
 
 int parse_decorate_color_config(const char *var, const char *slot_name, const char *value)
 {
-	int slot = parse_decorate_color_slot(slot_name);
+	int slot = LOOKUP_CONFIG(color_decorate_slots, slot_name);
 	if (slot < 0)
 		return 0;
 	if (!value)
@@ -75,9 +67,8 @@ int parse_decorate_color_config(const char *var, const char *slot_name, const ch
 
 void add_name_decoration(enum decoration_type type, const char *name, struct object *obj)
 {
-	int nlen = strlen(name);
-	struct name_decoration *res = xmalloc(sizeof(*res) + nlen + 1);
-	memcpy(res->name, name, nlen + 1);
+	struct name_decoration *res;
+	FLEX_ALLOC_STR(res, name, name);
 	res->type = type;
 	res->next = add_decoration(&name_decoration, obj, res);
 }
@@ -87,26 +78,34 @@ const struct name_decoration *get_name_decoration(const struct object *obj)
 	return lookup_decoration(&name_decoration, obj);
 }
 
-static int add_ref_decoration(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
+static int add_ref_decoration(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+			      int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct object *obj;
 	enum decoration_type type = DECORATION_NONE;
+	struct decoration_filter *filter = (struct decoration_filter *)cb_data;
 
-	if (starts_with(refname, "refs/replace/")) {
-		unsigned char original_sha1[20];
-		if (!check_replace_refs)
+	if (filter && !ref_filter_match(refname,
+			      filter->include_ref_pattern,
+			      filter->exclude_ref_pattern))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (starts_with(refname, git_replace_ref_base)) {
+		struct object_id original_oid;
+		if (!read_replace_refs)
 			return 0;
-		if (get_sha1_hex(refname + 13, original_sha1)) {
+		if (get_oid_hex(refname + strlen(git_replace_ref_base),
+				&original_oid)) {
 			warning("invalid replace ref %s", refname);
 			return 0;
 		}
-		obj = parse_object(original_sha1);
+		obj = parse_object(the_repository, &original_oid);
 		if (obj)
 			add_name_decoration(DECORATION_GRAFTED, "replaced", obj);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	obj = parse_object(sha1);
+	obj = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
 	if (!obj)
 		return 0;
 
@@ -121,15 +120,13 @@ static int add_ref_decoration(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, in
 	else if (!strcmp(refname, "HEAD"))
 		type = DECORATION_REF_HEAD;
 
-	if (!cb_data || *(int *)cb_data == DECORATE_SHORT_REFS)
-		refname = prettify_refname(refname);
 	add_name_decoration(type, refname, obj);
 	while (obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
 		obj = ((struct tag *)obj)->tagged;
 		if (!obj)
 			break;
 		if (!obj->parsed)
-			parse_object(obj->sha1);
+			parse_object(the_repository, &obj->oid);
 		add_name_decoration(DECORATION_REF_TAG, refname, obj);
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -137,30 +134,39 @@ static int add_ref_decoration(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, in
 
 static int add_graft_decoration(const struct commit_graft *graft, void *cb_data)
 {
-	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit(graft->sha1);
+	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit(the_repository, &graft->oid);
 	if (!commit)
 		return 0;
 	add_name_decoration(DECORATION_GRAFTED, "grafted", &commit->object);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void load_ref_decorations(int flags)
+void load_ref_decorations(struct decoration_filter *filter, int flags)
 {
-	static int loaded;
-	if (!loaded) {
-		loaded = 1;
-		for_each_ref(add_ref_decoration, &flags);
-		head_ref(add_ref_decoration, &flags);
-		for_each_commit_graft(add_graft_decoration, NULL);
+	if (!decoration_loaded) {
+		if (filter) {
+			struct string_list_item *item;
+			for_each_string_list_item(item, filter->exclude_ref_pattern) {
+				normalize_glob_ref(item, NULL, item->string);
+			}
+			for_each_string_list_item(item, filter->include_ref_pattern) {
+				normalize_glob_ref(item, NULL, item->string);
+			}
+		}
+		decoration_loaded = 1;
+		decoration_flags = flags;
+		for_each_ref(add_ref_decoration, filter);
+		head_ref(add_ref_decoration, filter);
+		for_each_commit_graft(add_graft_decoration, filter);
 	}
 }
 
-static void show_parents(struct commit *commit, int abbrev)
+static void show_parents(struct commit *commit, int abbrev, FILE *file)
 {
 	struct commit_list *p;
 	for (p = commit->parents; p ; p = p->next) {
 		struct commit *parent = p->item;
-		printf(" %s", find_unique_abbrev(parent->object.sha1, abbrev));
+		fprintf(file, " %s", find_unique_abbrev(&parent->object.oid, abbrev));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -168,11 +174,56 @@ static void show_children(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit, int abbre
 {
 	struct commit_list *p = lookup_decoration(&opt->children, &commit->object);
 	for ( ; p; p = p->next) {
-		printf(" %s", find_unique_abbrev(p->item->object.sha1, abbrev));
+		fprintf(opt->diffopt.file, " %s", find_unique_abbrev(&p->item->object.oid, abbrev));
 	}
 }
 
 /*
+ * Do we have HEAD in the output, and also the branch it points at?
+ * If so, find that decoration entry for that current branch.
+ */
+static const struct name_decoration *current_pointed_by_HEAD(const struct name_decoration *decoration)
+{
+	const struct name_decoration *list, *head = NULL;
+	const char *branch_name = NULL;
+	int rru_flags;
+
+	/* First find HEAD */
+	for (list = decoration; list; list = list->next)
+		if (list->type == DECORATION_REF_HEAD) {
+			head = list;
+			break;
+		}
+	if (!head)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* Now resolve and find the matching current branch */
+	branch_name = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", 0, NULL, &rru_flags);
+	if (!branch_name || !(rru_flags & REF_ISSYMREF))
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (!starts_with(branch_name, "refs/"))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* OK, do we have that ref in the list? */
+	for (list = decoration; list; list = list->next)
+		if ((list->type == DECORATION_REF_LOCAL) &&
+		    !strcmp(branch_name, list->name)) {
+			return list;
+		}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void show_name(struct strbuf *sb, const struct name_decoration *decoration)
+{
+	if (decoration_flags == DECORATE_SHORT_REFS)
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, prettify_refname(decoration->name));
+	else
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, decoration->name);
+}
+
+/*
  * The caller makes sure there is no funny color before calling.
  * format_decorations_extended makes sure the same after return.
  */
@@ -184,6 +235,7 @@ void format_decorations_extended(struct strbuf *sb,
 			const char *suffix)
 {
 	const struct name_decoration *decoration;
+	const struct name_decoration *current_and_HEAD;
 	const char *color_commit =
 		diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_COMMIT);
 	const char *color_reset =
@@ -192,15 +244,35 @@ void format_decorations_extended(struct strbuf *sb,
 	decoration = get_name_decoration(&commit->object);
 	if (!decoration)
 		return;
+
+	current_and_HEAD = current_pointed_by_HEAD(decoration);
 	while (decoration) {
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, color_commit);
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, prefix);
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, decorate_get_color(use_color, decoration->type));
-		if (decoration->type == DECORATION_REF_TAG)
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, "tag: ");
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, decoration->name);
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, color_reset);
-		prefix = separator;
+		/*
+		 * When both current and HEAD are there, only
+		 * show HEAD->current where HEAD would have
+		 * appeared, skipping the entry for current.
+		 */
+		if (decoration != current_and_HEAD) {
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, color_commit);
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, prefix);
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, color_reset);
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, decorate_get_color(use_color, decoration->type));
+			if (decoration->type == DECORATION_REF_TAG)
+				strbuf_addstr(sb, "tag: ");
+
+			show_name(sb, decoration);
+
+			if (current_and_HEAD &&
+			    decoration->type == DECORATION_REF_HEAD) {
+				strbuf_addstr(sb, " -> ");
+				strbuf_addstr(sb, color_reset);
+				strbuf_addstr(sb, decorate_get_color(use_color, current_and_HEAD->type));
+				show_name(sb, current_and_HEAD);
+			}
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, color_reset);
+
+			prefix = separator;
+		}
 		decoration = decoration->next;
 	}
 	strbuf_addstr(sb, color_commit);
@@ -212,12 +284,16 @@ void show_decorations(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	if (opt->show_source && commit->util)
-		printf("\t%s", (char *) commit->util);
+	if (opt->sources) {
+		char **slot = revision_sources_peek(opt->sources, commit);
+
+		if (slot && *slot)
+			fprintf(opt->diffopt.file, "\t%s", *slot);
+	}
 	if (!opt->show_decorations)
 		return;
 	format_decorations(&sb, commit, opt->diffopt.use_color);
-	fputs(sb.buf, stdout);
+	fputs(sb.buf, opt->diffopt.file);
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
@@ -261,56 +337,58 @@ void fmt_output_commit(struct strbuf *filename,
 	strbuf_release(&subject);
 }
 
+void fmt_output_email_subject(struct strbuf *sb, struct rev_info *opt)
+{
+	if (opt->total > 0) {
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "Subject: [%s%s%0*d/%d] ",
+			    opt->subject_prefix,
+			    *opt->subject_prefix ? " " : "",
+			    digits_in_number(opt->total),
+			    opt->nr, opt->total);
+	} else if (opt->total == 0 && opt->subject_prefix && *opt->subject_prefix) {
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "Subject: [%s] ",
+			    opt->subject_prefix);
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, "Subject: ");
+	}
+}
+
 void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit,
-			     const char **subject_p,
 			     const char **extra_headers_p,
-			     int *need_8bit_cte_p)
+			     int *need_8bit_cte_p,
+			     int maybe_multipart)
 {
-	const char *subject = NULL;
 	const char *extra_headers = opt->extra_headers;
-	const char *name = sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1);
+	const char *name = oid_to_hex(opt->zero_commit ?
+				      &null_oid : &commit->object.oid);
 
 	*need_8bit_cte_p = 0; /* unknown */
-	if (opt->total > 0) {
-		static char buffer[64];
-		snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
-			 "Subject: [%s%s%0*d/%d] ",
-			 opt->subject_prefix,
-			 *opt->subject_prefix ? " " : "",
-			 digits_in_number(opt->total),
-			 opt->nr, opt->total);
-		subject = buffer;
-	} else if (opt->total == 0 && opt->subject_prefix && *opt->subject_prefix) {
-		static char buffer[256];
-		snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
-			 "Subject: [%s] ",
-			 opt->subject_prefix);
-		subject = buffer;
-	} else {
-		subject = "Subject: ";
-	}
 
-	printf("From %s Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001\n", name);
+	fprintf(opt->diffopt.file, "From %s Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001\n", name);
 	graph_show_oneline(opt->graph);
 	if (opt->message_id) {
-		printf("Message-Id: <%s>\n", opt->message_id);
+		fprintf(opt->diffopt.file, "Message-Id: <%s>\n", opt->message_id);
 		graph_show_oneline(opt->graph);
 	}
 	if (opt->ref_message_ids && opt->ref_message_ids->nr > 0) {
 		int i, n;
 		n = opt->ref_message_ids->nr;
-		printf("In-Reply-To: <%s>\n", opt->ref_message_ids->items[n-1].string);
+		fprintf(opt->diffopt.file, "In-Reply-To: <%s>\n", opt->ref_message_ids->items[n-1].string);
 		for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
-			printf("%s<%s>\n", (i > 0 ? "\t" : "References: "),
+			fprintf(opt->diffopt.file, "%s<%s>\n", (i > 0 ? "\t" : "References: "),
 			       opt->ref_message_ids->items[i].string);
 		graph_show_oneline(opt->graph);
 	}
-	if (opt->mime_boundary) {
-		static char subject_buffer[1024];
-		static char buffer[1024];
+	if (opt->mime_boundary && maybe_multipart) {
+		static struct strbuf subject_buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
+		static struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
 		struct strbuf filename =  STRBUF_INIT;
 		*need_8bit_cte_p = -1; /* NEVER */
-		snprintf(subject_buffer, sizeof(subject_buffer) - 1,
+
+		strbuf_reset(&subject_buffer);
+		strbuf_reset(&buffer);
+
+		strbuf_addf(&subject_buffer,
 			 "%s"
 			 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 			 "Content-Type: multipart/mixed;"
@@ -325,13 +403,13 @@ void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit,
 			 extra_headers ? extra_headers : "",
 			 mime_boundary_leader, opt->mime_boundary,
 			 mime_boundary_leader, opt->mime_boundary);
-		extra_headers = subject_buffer;
+		extra_headers = subject_buffer.buf;
 
 		if (opt->numbered_files)
 			strbuf_addf(&filename, "%d", opt->nr);
 		else
 			fmt_output_commit(&filename, commit, opt);
-		snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1,
+		strbuf_addf(&buffer,
 			 "\n--%s%s\n"
 			 "Content-Type: text/x-patch;"
 			 " name=\"%s\"\n"
@@ -342,10 +420,9 @@ void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit,
 			 filename.buf,
 			 opt->no_inline ? "attachment" : "inline",
 			 filename.buf);
-		opt->diffopt.stat_sep = buffer;
+		opt->diffopt.stat_sep = buffer.buf;
 		strbuf_release(&filename);
 	}
-	*subject_p = subject;
 	*extra_headers_p = extra_headers;
 }
 
@@ -358,7 +435,7 @@ static void show_sig_lines(struct rev_info *opt, int status, const char *bol)
 	reset = diff_get_color_opt(&opt->diffopt, DIFF_RESET);
 	while (*bol) {
 		eol = strchrnul(bol, '\n');
-		printf("%s%.*s%s%s", color, (int)(eol - bol), bol, reset,
+		fprintf(opt->diffopt.file, "%s%.*s%s%s", color, (int)(eol - bol), bol, reset,
 		       *eol ? "\n" : "");
 		graph_show_oneline(opt->graph);
 		bol = (*eol) ? (eol + 1) : eol;
@@ -389,13 +466,13 @@ static void show_signature(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit)
 	strbuf_release(&signature);
 }
 
-static int which_parent(const unsigned char *sha1, const struct commit *commit)
+static int which_parent(const struct object_id *oid, const struct commit *commit)
 {
 	int nth;
 	const struct commit_list *parent;
 
 	for (nth = 0, parent = commit->parents; parent; parent = parent->next) {
-		if (!hashcmp(parent->item->object.sha1, sha1))
+		if (!oidcmp(&parent->item->object.oid, oid))
 			return nth;
 		nth++;
 	}
@@ -409,33 +486,33 @@ static int is_common_merge(const struct commit *commit)
 		&& !commit->parents->next->next);
 }
 
-static void show_one_mergetag(struct commit *commit,
-			      struct commit_extra_header *extra,
-			      void *data)
+static int show_one_mergetag(struct commit *commit,
+			     struct commit_extra_header *extra,
+			     void *data)
 {
 	struct rev_info *opt = (struct rev_info *)data;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct tag *tag;
 	struct strbuf verify_message;
 	int status, nth;
 	size_t payload_size, gpg_message_offset;
 
-	hash_sha1_file(extra->value, extra->len, typename(OBJ_TAG), sha1);
-	tag = lookup_tag(sha1);
+	hash_object_file(extra->value, extra->len, type_name(OBJ_TAG), &oid);
+	tag = lookup_tag(the_repository, &oid);
 	if (!tag)
-		return; /* error message already given */
+		return -1; /* error message already given */
 
 	strbuf_init(&verify_message, 256);
-	if (parse_tag_buffer(tag, extra->value, extra->len))
+	if (parse_tag_buffer(the_repository, tag, extra->value, extra->len))
 		strbuf_addstr(&verify_message, "malformed mergetag\n");
 	else if (is_common_merge(commit) &&
-		 !hashcmp(tag->tagged->sha1,
-			  commit->parents->next->item->object.sha1))
+		 !oidcmp(&tag->tagged->oid,
+			  &commit->parents->next->item->object.oid))
 		strbuf_addf(&verify_message,
 			    "merged tag '%s'\n", tag->tag);
-	else if ((nth = which_parent(tag->tagged->sha1, commit)) < 0)
+	else if ((nth = which_parent(&tag->tagged->oid, commit)) < 0)
 		strbuf_addf(&verify_message, "tag %s names a non-parent %s\n",
-				    tag->tag, tag->tagged->sha1);
+				    tag->tag, tag->tagged->oid.hash);
 	else
 		strbuf_addf(&verify_message,
 			    "parent #%d, tagged '%s'\n", nth + 1, tag->tag);
@@ -457,11 +534,12 @@ static void show_one_mergetag(struct commit *commit,
 
 	show_sig_lines(opt, status, verify_message.buf);
 	strbuf_release(&verify_message);
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static void show_mergetag(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit)
+static int show_mergetag(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit)
 {
-	for_each_mergetag(show_one_mergetag, commit, opt);
+	return for_each_mergetag(show_one_mergetag, commit, opt);
 }
 
 void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
@@ -469,7 +547,7 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct log_info *log = opt->loginfo;
 	struct commit *commit = log->commit, *parent = log->parent;
-	int abbrev_commit = opt->abbrev_commit ? opt->abbrev : 40;
+	int abbrev_commit = opt->abbrev_commit ? opt->abbrev : the_hash_algo->hexsz;
 	const char *extra_headers = opt->extra_headers;
 	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 
@@ -479,17 +557,17 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 
 		if (!opt->graph)
 			put_revision_mark(opt, commit);
-		fputs(find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev_commit), stdout);
+		fputs(find_unique_abbrev(&commit->object.oid, abbrev_commit), opt->diffopt.file);
 		if (opt->print_parents)
-			show_parents(commit, abbrev_commit);
+			show_parents(commit, abbrev_commit, opt->diffopt.file);
 		if (opt->children.name)
 			show_children(opt, commit, abbrev_commit);
 		show_decorations(opt, commit);
 		if (opt->graph && !graph_is_commit_finished(opt->graph)) {
-			putchar('\n');
+			putc('\n', opt->diffopt.file);
 			graph_show_remainder(opt->graph);
 		}
-		putchar(opt->diffopt.line_termination);
+		putc(opt->diffopt.line_termination, opt->diffopt.file);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -515,7 +593,7 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 		if (opt->diffopt.line_termination == '\n' &&
 		    !opt->missing_newline)
 			graph_show_padding(opt->graph);
-		putchar(opt->diffopt.line_termination);
+		putc(opt->diffopt.line_termination, opt->diffopt.file);
 	}
 	opt->shown_one = 1;
 
@@ -529,32 +607,34 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 	 * Print header line of header..
 	 */
 
-	if (opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) {
-		log_write_email_headers(opt, commit, &ctx.subject, &extra_headers,
-					&ctx.need_8bit_cte);
+	if (cmit_fmt_is_mail(opt->commit_format)) {
+		log_write_email_headers(opt, commit, &extra_headers,
+					&ctx.need_8bit_cte, 1);
+		ctx.rev = opt;
+		ctx.print_email_subject = 1;
 	} else if (opt->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT) {
-		fputs(diff_get_color_opt(&opt->diffopt, DIFF_COMMIT), stdout);
+		fputs(diff_get_color_opt(&opt->diffopt, DIFF_COMMIT), opt->diffopt.file);
 		if (opt->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
-			fputs("commit ", stdout);
+			fputs("commit ", opt->diffopt.file);
 
 		if (!opt->graph)
 			put_revision_mark(opt, commit);
-		fputs(find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev_commit),
-		      stdout);
+		fputs(find_unique_abbrev(&commit->object.oid,
+					 abbrev_commit),
+		      opt->diffopt.file);
 		if (opt->print_parents)
-			show_parents(commit, abbrev_commit);
+			show_parents(commit, abbrev_commit, opt->diffopt.file);
 		if (opt->children.name)
 			show_children(opt, commit, abbrev_commit);
 		if (parent)
-			printf(" (from %s)",
-			       find_unique_abbrev(parent->object.sha1,
-						  abbrev_commit));
-		fputs(diff_get_color_opt(&opt->diffopt, DIFF_RESET), stdout);
+			fprintf(opt->diffopt.file, " (from %s)",
+			       find_unique_abbrev(&parent->object.oid, abbrev_commit));
+		fputs(diff_get_color_opt(&opt->diffopt, DIFF_RESET), opt->diffopt.file);
 		show_decorations(opt, commit);
 		if (opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE) {
-			putchar(' ');
+			putc(' ', opt->diffopt.file);
 		} else {
-			putchar('\n');
+			putc('\n', opt->diffopt.file);
 			graph_show_oneline(opt->graph);
 		}
 		if (opt->reflog_info) {
@@ -566,7 +646,7 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 			 */
 			show_reflog_message(opt->reflog_info,
 					    opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE,
-					    opt->date_mode,
+					    &opt->date_mode,
 					    opt->date_mode_explicit);
 			if (opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
 				return;
@@ -578,15 +658,12 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 		show_mergetag(opt, commit);
 	}
 
-	if (!get_cached_commit_buffer(commit, NULL))
-		return;
-
 	if (opt->show_notes) {
 		int raw;
 		struct strbuf notebuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 		raw = (opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT);
-		format_display_notes(commit->object.sha1, &notebuf,
+		format_display_notes(&commit->object.oid, &notebuf,
 				     get_log_output_encoding(), raw);
 		ctx.notes_message = notebuf.len
 			? strbuf_detach(&notebuf, NULL)
@@ -609,9 +686,12 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 	ctx.fmt = opt->commit_format;
 	ctx.mailmap = opt->mailmap;
 	ctx.color = opt->diffopt.use_color;
+	ctx.expand_tabs_in_log = opt->expand_tabs_in_log;
 	ctx.output_encoding = get_log_output_encoding();
 	if (opt->from_ident.mail_begin && opt->from_ident.name_begin)
 		ctx.from_ident = &opt->from_ident;
+	if (opt->graph)
+		ctx.graph_width = graph_width(opt->graph);
 	pretty_print_commit(&ctx, commit, &msgbuf);
 
 	if (opt->add_signoff)
@@ -619,7 +699,7 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 
 	if ((ctx.fmt != CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT) &&
 	    ctx.notes_message && *ctx.notes_message) {
-		if (ctx.fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) {
+		if (cmit_fmt_is_mail(ctx.fmt)) {
 			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, "---\n");
 			opt->shown_dashes = 1;
 		}
@@ -627,7 +707,7 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 	}
 
 	if (opt->show_log_size) {
-		printf("log size %i\n", (int)msgbuf.len);
+		fprintf(opt->diffopt.file, "log size %i\n", (int)msgbuf.len);
 		graph_show_oneline(opt->graph);
 	}
 
@@ -640,14 +720,11 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 	else
 		opt->missing_newline = 0;
 
-	if (opt->graph)
-		graph_show_commit_msg(opt->graph, &msgbuf);
-	else
-		fwrite(msgbuf.buf, sizeof(char), msgbuf.len, stdout);
+	graph_show_commit_msg(opt->graph, opt->diffopt.file, &msgbuf);
 	if (opt->use_terminator && !commit_format_is_empty(opt->commit_format)) {
 		if (!opt->missing_newline)
 			graph_show_padding(opt->graph);
-		putchar(opt->diffopt.line_termination);
+		putc(opt->diffopt.line_termination, opt->diffopt.file);
 	}
 
 	strbuf_release(&msgbuf);
@@ -684,7 +761,7 @@ int log_tree_diff_flush(struct rev_info *opt)
 				struct strbuf *msg = NULL;
 				msg = opt->diffopt.output_prefix(&opt->diffopt,
 					opt->diffopt.output_prefix_data);
-				fwrite(msg->buf, msg->len, 1, stdout);
+				fwrite(msg->buf, msg->len, 1, opt->diffopt.file);
 			}
 
 			/*
@@ -699,8 +776,8 @@ int log_tree_diff_flush(struct rev_info *opt)
 			 */
 			if (!opt->shown_dashes &&
 			    (pch & opt->diffopt.output_format) == pch)
-				printf("---");
-			putchar('\n');
+				fprintf(opt->diffopt.file, "---");
+			putc('\n', opt->diffopt.file);
 		}
 	}
 	diff_flush(&opt->diffopt);
@@ -722,19 +799,19 @@ static int log_tree_diff(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit, struct log
 {
 	int showed_log;
 	struct commit_list *parents;
-	unsigned const char *sha1;
+	struct object_id *oid;
 
-	if (!opt->diff && !DIFF_OPT_TST(&opt->diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS))
+	if (!opt->diff && !opt->diffopt.flags.exit_with_status)
 		return 0;
 
 	parse_commit_or_die(commit);
-	sha1 = commit->tree->object.sha1;
+	oid = get_commit_tree_oid(commit);
 
 	/* Root commit? */
 	parents = get_saved_parents(opt, commit);
 	if (!parents) {
 		if (opt->show_root_diff) {
-			diff_root_tree_sha1(sha1, "", &opt->diffopt);
+			diff_root_tree_oid(oid, "", &opt->diffopt);
 			log_tree_diff_flush(opt);
 		}
 		return !opt->loginfo;
@@ -753,8 +830,8 @@ static int log_tree_diff(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit, struct log
 			 * we merged _in_.
 			 */
 			parse_commit_or_die(parents->item);
-			diff_tree_sha1(parents->item->tree->object.sha1,
-				       sha1, "", &opt->diffopt);
+			diff_tree_oid(get_commit_tree_oid(parents->item),
+				      oid, "", &opt->diffopt);
 			log_tree_diff_flush(opt);
 			return !opt->loginfo;
 		}
@@ -768,8 +845,8 @@ static int log_tree_diff(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit, struct log
 		struct commit *parent = parents->item;
 
 		parse_commit_or_die(parent);
-		diff_tree_sha1(parent->tree->object.sha1,
-			       sha1, "", &opt->diffopt);
+		diff_tree_oid(get_commit_tree_oid(parent),
+			      oid, "", &opt->diffopt);
 		log_tree_diff_flush(opt);
 
 		showed_log |= !opt->loginfo;
@@ -787,17 +864,18 @@ static int log_tree_diff(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit, struct log
 int log_tree_commit(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit)
 {
 	struct log_info log;
-	int shown;
+	int shown, close_file = opt->diffopt.close_file;
 
 	log.commit = commit;
 	log.parent = NULL;
 	opt->loginfo = &log;
+	opt->diffopt.close_file = 0;
 
 	if (opt->line_level_traverse)
 		return line_log_print(opt, commit);
 
 	if (opt->track_linear && !opt->linear && !opt->reverse_output_stage)
-		printf("\n%s\n", opt->break_bar);
+		fprintf(opt->diffopt.file, "\n%s\n", opt->break_bar);
 	shown = log_tree_diff(opt, commit, &log);
 	if (!shown && opt->loginfo && opt->always_show_header) {
 		log.parent = NULL;
@@ -805,8 +883,10 @@ int log_tree_commit(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit)
 		shown = 1;
 	}
 	if (opt->track_linear && !opt->linear && opt->reverse_output_stage)
-		printf("\n%s\n", opt->break_bar);
+		fprintf(opt->diffopt.file, "\n%s\n", opt->break_bar);
 	opt->loginfo = NULL;
-	maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "stdout");
+	maybe_flush_or_die(opt->diffopt.file, "stdout");
+	if (close_file)
+		fclose(opt->diffopt.file);
 	return shown;
 }
diff --git a/log-tree.h b/log-tree.h
index c8116e60cd..e668628074 100644
--- a/log-tree.h
+++ b/log-tree.h
@@ -7,6 +7,10 @@ struct log_info {
 	struct commit *commit, *parent;
 };
 
+struct decoration_filter {
+	struct string_list *include_ref_pattern, *exclude_ref_pattern;
+};
+
 int parse_decorate_color_config(const char *var, const char *slot_name, const char *value);
 void init_log_tree_opt(struct rev_info *);
 int log_tree_diff_flush(struct rev_info *);
@@ -22,13 +26,14 @@ void format_decorations_extended(struct strbuf *sb, const struct commit *commit,
 			     format_decorations_extended((strbuf), (commit), (color), " (", ", ", ")")
 void show_decorations(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit);
 void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit,
-			     const char **subject_p,
 			     const char **extra_headers_p,
-			     int *need_8bit_cte_p);
-void load_ref_decorations(int flags);
+			     int *need_8bit_cte_p,
+			     int maybe_multipart);
+void load_ref_decorations(struct decoration_filter *filter, int flags);
 
 #define FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX 64
 void fmt_output_commit(struct strbuf *, struct commit *, struct rev_info *);
 void fmt_output_subject(struct strbuf *, const char *subject, struct rev_info *);
+void fmt_output_email_subject(struct strbuf *, struct rev_info *);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/ls-refs.c b/ls-refs.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a06f12eca8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ls-refs.c
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
+#include "ls-refs.h"
+#include "pkt-line.h"
+
+/*
+ * Check if one of the prefixes is a prefix of the ref.
+ * If no prefixes were provided, all refs match.
+ */
+static int ref_match(const struct argv_array *prefixes, const char *refname)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!prefixes->argc)
+		return 1; /* no restriction */
+
+	for (i = 0; i < prefixes->argc; i++) {
+		const char *prefix = prefixes->argv[i];
+
+		if (starts_with(refname, prefix))
+			return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct ls_refs_data {
+	unsigned peel;
+	unsigned symrefs;
+	struct argv_array prefixes;
+};
+
+static int send_ref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+		    int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct ls_refs_data *data = cb_data;
+	const char *refname_nons = strip_namespace(refname);
+	struct strbuf refline = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!ref_match(&data->prefixes, refname))
+		return 0;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&refline, "%s %s", oid_to_hex(oid), refname_nons);
+	if (data->symrefs && flag & REF_ISSYMREF) {
+		struct object_id unused;
+		const char *symref_target = resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, 0,
+							       &unused,
+							       &flag);
+
+		if (!symref_target)
+			die("'%s' is a symref but it is not?", refname);
+
+		strbuf_addf(&refline, " symref-target:%s", symref_target);
+	}
+
+	if (data->peel) {
+		struct object_id peeled;
+		if (!peel_ref(refname, &peeled))
+			strbuf_addf(&refline, " peeled:%s", oid_to_hex(&peeled));
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addch(&refline, '\n');
+	packet_write(1, refline.buf, refline.len);
+
+	strbuf_release(&refline);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int ls_refs(struct repository *r, struct argv_array *keys,
+	    struct packet_reader *request)
+{
+	struct ls_refs_data data;
+
+	memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
+
+	while (packet_reader_read(request) != PACKET_READ_FLUSH) {
+		const char *arg = request->line;
+		const char *out;
+
+		if (!strcmp("peel", arg))
+			data.peel = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp("symrefs", arg))
+			data.symrefs = 1;
+		else if (skip_prefix(arg, "ref-prefix ", &out))
+			argv_array_push(&data.prefixes, out);
+	}
+
+	head_ref_namespaced(send_ref, &data);
+	for_each_namespaced_ref(send_ref, &data);
+	packet_flush(1);
+	argv_array_clear(&data.prefixes);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/ls-refs.h b/ls-refs.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b62877e8da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ls-refs.h
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#ifndef LS_REFS_H
+#define LS_REFS_H
+
+struct repository;
+struct argv_array;
+struct packet_reader;
+extern int ls_refs(struct repository *r, struct argv_array *keys,
+		   struct packet_reader *request);
+
+#endif /* LS_REFS_H */
diff --git a/mailinfo.c b/mailinfo.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3281a37d51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mailinfo.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1185 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "mailinfo.h"
+
+static void cleanup_space(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	size_t pos, cnt;
+	for (pos = 0; pos < sb->len; pos++) {
+		if (isspace(sb->buf[pos])) {
+			sb->buf[pos] = ' ';
+			for (cnt = 0; isspace(sb->buf[pos + cnt + 1]); cnt++);
+			strbuf_remove(sb, pos + 1, cnt);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void get_sane_name(struct strbuf *out, struct strbuf *name, struct strbuf *email)
+{
+	struct strbuf *src = name;
+	if (name->len < 3 || 60 < name->len || strchr(name->buf, '@') ||
+		strchr(name->buf, '<') || strchr(name->buf, '>'))
+		src = email;
+	else if (name == out)
+		return;
+	strbuf_reset(out);
+	strbuf_addbuf(out, src);
+}
+
+static void parse_bogus_from(struct mailinfo *mi, const struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	/* John Doe <johndoe> */
+
+	char *bra, *ket;
+	/* This is fallback, so do not bother if we already have an
+	 * e-mail address.
+	 */
+	if (mi->email.len)
+		return;
+
+	bra = strchr(line->buf, '<');
+	if (!bra)
+		return;
+	ket = strchr(bra, '>');
+	if (!ket)
+		return;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&mi->email);
+	strbuf_add(&mi->email, bra + 1, ket - bra - 1);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&mi->name);
+	strbuf_add(&mi->name, line->buf, bra - line->buf);
+	strbuf_trim(&mi->name);
+	get_sane_name(&mi->name, &mi->name, &mi->email);
+}
+
+static const char *unquote_comment(struct strbuf *outbuf, const char *in)
+{
+	int c;
+	int take_next_literally = 0;
+
+	strbuf_addch(outbuf, '(');
+
+	while ((c = *in++) != 0) {
+		if (take_next_literally == 1) {
+			take_next_literally = 0;
+		} else {
+			switch (c) {
+			case '\\':
+				take_next_literally = 1;
+				continue;
+			case '(':
+				in = unquote_comment(outbuf, in);
+				continue;
+			case ')':
+				strbuf_addch(outbuf, ')');
+				return in;
+			}
+		}
+
+		strbuf_addch(outbuf, c);
+	}
+
+	return in;
+}
+
+static const char *unquote_quoted_string(struct strbuf *outbuf, const char *in)
+{
+	int c;
+	int take_next_literally = 0;
+
+	while ((c = *in++) != 0) {
+		if (take_next_literally == 1) {
+			take_next_literally = 0;
+		} else {
+			switch (c) {
+			case '\\':
+				take_next_literally = 1;
+				continue;
+			case '"':
+				return in;
+			}
+		}
+
+		strbuf_addch(outbuf, c);
+	}
+
+	return in;
+}
+
+static void unquote_quoted_pair(struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	struct strbuf outbuf;
+	const char *in = line->buf;
+	int c;
+
+	strbuf_init(&outbuf, line->len);
+
+	while ((c = *in++) != 0) {
+		switch (c) {
+		case '"':
+			in = unquote_quoted_string(&outbuf, in);
+			continue;
+		case '(':
+			in = unquote_comment(&outbuf, in);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		strbuf_addch(&outbuf, c);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_swap(&outbuf, line);
+	strbuf_release(&outbuf);
+
+}
+
+static void handle_from(struct mailinfo *mi, const struct strbuf *from)
+{
+	char *at;
+	size_t el;
+	struct strbuf f;
+
+	strbuf_init(&f, from->len);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&f, from);
+
+	unquote_quoted_pair(&f);
+
+	at = strchr(f.buf, '@');
+	if (!at) {
+		parse_bogus_from(mi, from);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we already have one email, don't take any confusing lines
+	 */
+	if (mi->email.len && strchr(at + 1, '@'))
+		goto out;
+
+	/* Pick up the string around '@', possibly delimited with <>
+	 * pair; that is the email part.
+	 */
+	while (at > f.buf) {
+		char c = at[-1];
+		if (isspace(c))
+			break;
+		if (c == '<') {
+			at[-1] = ' ';
+			break;
+		}
+		at--;
+	}
+	el = strcspn(at, " \n\t\r\v\f>");
+	strbuf_reset(&mi->email);
+	strbuf_add(&mi->email, at, el);
+	strbuf_remove(&f, at - f.buf, el + (at[el] ? 1 : 0));
+
+	/* The remainder is name.  It could be
+	 *
+	 * - "John Doe <john.doe@xz>"			(a), or
+	 * - "john.doe@xz (John Doe)"			(b), or
+	 * - "John (zzz) Doe <john.doe@xz> (Comment)"	(c)
+	 *
+	 * but we have removed the email part, so
+	 *
+	 * - remove extra spaces which could stay after email (case 'c'), and
+	 * - trim from both ends, possibly removing the () pair at the end
+	 *   (cases 'a' and 'b').
+	 */
+	cleanup_space(&f);
+	strbuf_trim(&f);
+	if (f.buf[0] == '(' && f.len && f.buf[f.len - 1] == ')') {
+		strbuf_remove(&f, 0, 1);
+		strbuf_setlen(&f, f.len - 1);
+	}
+
+	get_sane_name(&mi->name, &f, &mi->email);
+out:
+	strbuf_release(&f);
+}
+
+static void handle_header(struct strbuf **out, const struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	if (!*out) {
+		*out = xmalloc(sizeof(struct strbuf));
+		strbuf_init(*out, line->len);
+	} else
+		strbuf_reset(*out);
+
+	strbuf_addbuf(*out, line);
+}
+
+/* NOTE NOTE NOTE.  We do not claim we do full MIME.  We just attempt
+ * to have enough heuristics to grok MIME encoded patches often found
+ * on our mailing lists.  For example, we do not even treat header lines
+ * case insensitively.
+ */
+
+static int slurp_attr(const char *line, const char *name, struct strbuf *attr)
+{
+	const char *ends, *ap = strcasestr(line, name);
+	size_t sz;
+
+	strbuf_setlen(attr, 0);
+	if (!ap)
+		return 0;
+	ap += strlen(name);
+	if (*ap == '"') {
+		ap++;
+		ends = "\"";
+	}
+	else
+		ends = "; \t";
+	sz = strcspn(ap, ends);
+	strbuf_add(attr, ap, sz);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void handle_content_type(struct mailinfo *mi, struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	struct strbuf *boundary = xmalloc(sizeof(struct strbuf));
+	strbuf_init(boundary, line->len);
+
+	if (slurp_attr(line->buf, "boundary=", boundary)) {
+		strbuf_insert(boundary, 0, "--", 2);
+		if (++mi->content_top >= &mi->content[MAX_BOUNDARIES]) {
+			error("Too many boundaries to handle");
+			mi->input_error = -1;
+			mi->content_top = &mi->content[MAX_BOUNDARIES] - 1;
+			return;
+		}
+		*(mi->content_top) = boundary;
+		boundary = NULL;
+	}
+	slurp_attr(line->buf, "charset=", &mi->charset);
+
+	if (boundary) {
+		strbuf_release(boundary);
+		free(boundary);
+	}
+}
+
+static void handle_content_transfer_encoding(struct mailinfo *mi,
+					     const struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	if (strcasestr(line->buf, "base64"))
+		mi->transfer_encoding = TE_BASE64;
+	else if (strcasestr(line->buf, "quoted-printable"))
+		mi->transfer_encoding = TE_QP;
+	else
+		mi->transfer_encoding = TE_DONTCARE;
+}
+
+static int is_multipart_boundary(struct mailinfo *mi, const struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	struct strbuf *content_top = *(mi->content_top);
+
+	return ((content_top->len <= line->len) &&
+		!memcmp(line->buf, content_top->buf, content_top->len));
+}
+
+static void cleanup_subject(struct mailinfo *mi, struct strbuf *subject)
+{
+	size_t at = 0;
+
+	while (at < subject->len) {
+		char *pos;
+		size_t remove;
+
+		switch (subject->buf[at]) {
+		case 'r': case 'R':
+			if (subject->len <= at + 3)
+				break;
+			if ((subject->buf[at + 1] == 'e' ||
+			     subject->buf[at + 1] == 'E') &&
+			    subject->buf[at + 2] == ':') {
+				strbuf_remove(subject, at, 3);
+				continue;
+			}
+			at++;
+			break;
+		case ' ': case '\t': case ':':
+			strbuf_remove(subject, at, 1);
+			continue;
+		case '[':
+			pos = strchr(subject->buf + at, ']');
+			if (!pos)
+				break;
+			remove = pos - subject->buf + at + 1;
+			if (!mi->keep_non_patch_brackets_in_subject ||
+			    (7 <= remove &&
+			     memmem(subject->buf + at, remove, "PATCH", 5)))
+				strbuf_remove(subject, at, remove);
+			else {
+				at += remove;
+				/*
+				 * If the input had a space after the ], keep
+				 * it.  We don't bother with finding the end of
+				 * the space, since we later normalize it
+				 * anyway.
+				 */
+				if (isspace(subject->buf[at]))
+					at += 1;
+			}
+			continue;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	strbuf_trim(subject);
+}
+
+#define MAX_HDR_PARSED 10
+static const char *header[MAX_HDR_PARSED] = {
+	"From","Subject","Date",
+};
+
+static inline int cmp_header(const struct strbuf *line, const char *hdr)
+{
+	int len = strlen(hdr);
+	return !strncasecmp(line->buf, hdr, len) && line->len > len &&
+			line->buf[len] == ':' && isspace(line->buf[len + 1]);
+}
+
+static int is_format_patch_separator(const char *line, int len)
+{
+	static const char SAMPLE[] =
+		"From e6807f3efca28b30decfecb1732a56c7db1137ee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001\n";
+	const char *cp;
+
+	if (len != strlen(SAMPLE))
+		return 0;
+	if (!skip_prefix(line, "From ", &cp))
+		return 0;
+	if (strspn(cp, "0123456789abcdef") != 40)
+		return 0;
+	cp += 40;
+	return !memcmp(SAMPLE + (cp - line), cp, strlen(SAMPLE) - (cp - line));
+}
+
+static struct strbuf *decode_q_segment(const struct strbuf *q_seg, int rfc2047)
+{
+	const char *in = q_seg->buf;
+	int c;
+	struct strbuf *out = xmalloc(sizeof(struct strbuf));
+	strbuf_init(out, q_seg->len);
+
+	while ((c = *in++) != 0) {
+		if (c == '=') {
+			int ch, d = *in;
+			if (d == '\n' || !d)
+				break; /* drop trailing newline */
+			ch = hex2chr(in);
+			if (ch >= 0) {
+				strbuf_addch(out, ch);
+				in += 2;
+				continue;
+			}
+			/* garbage -- fall through */
+		}
+		if (rfc2047 && c == '_') /* rfc2047 4.2 (2) */
+			c = 0x20;
+		strbuf_addch(out, c);
+	}
+	return out;
+}
+
+static struct strbuf *decode_b_segment(const struct strbuf *b_seg)
+{
+	/* Decode in..ep, possibly in-place to ot */
+	int c, pos = 0, acc = 0;
+	const char *in = b_seg->buf;
+	struct strbuf *out = xmalloc(sizeof(struct strbuf));
+	strbuf_init(out, b_seg->len);
+
+	while ((c = *in++) != 0) {
+		if (c == '+')
+			c = 62;
+		else if (c == '/')
+			c = 63;
+		else if ('A' <= c && c <= 'Z')
+			c -= 'A';
+		else if ('a' <= c && c <= 'z')
+			c -= 'a' - 26;
+		else if ('0' <= c && c <= '9')
+			c -= '0' - 52;
+		else
+			continue; /* garbage */
+		switch (pos++) {
+		case 0:
+			acc = (c << 2);
+			break;
+		case 1:
+			strbuf_addch(out, (acc | (c >> 4)));
+			acc = (c & 15) << 4;
+			break;
+		case 2:
+			strbuf_addch(out, (acc | (c >> 2)));
+			acc = (c & 3) << 6;
+			break;
+		case 3:
+			strbuf_addch(out, (acc | c));
+			acc = pos = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return out;
+}
+
+static int convert_to_utf8(struct mailinfo *mi,
+			   struct strbuf *line, const char *charset)
+{
+	char *out;
+
+	if (!mi->metainfo_charset || !charset || !*charset)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (same_encoding(mi->metainfo_charset, charset))
+		return 0;
+	out = reencode_string(line->buf, mi->metainfo_charset, charset);
+	if (!out) {
+		mi->input_error = -1;
+		return error("cannot convert from %s to %s",
+			     charset, mi->metainfo_charset);
+	}
+	strbuf_attach(line, out, strlen(out), strlen(out));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void decode_header(struct mailinfo *mi, struct strbuf *it)
+{
+	char *in, *ep, *cp;
+	struct strbuf outbuf = STRBUF_INIT, *dec;
+	struct strbuf charset_q = STRBUF_INIT, piecebuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int found_error = 1; /* pessimism */
+
+	in = it->buf;
+	while (in - it->buf <= it->len && (ep = strstr(in, "=?")) != NULL) {
+		int encoding;
+		strbuf_reset(&charset_q);
+		strbuf_reset(&piecebuf);
+
+		if (in != ep) {
+			/*
+			 * We are about to process an encoded-word
+			 * that begins at ep, but there is something
+			 * before the encoded word.
+			 */
+			char *scan;
+			for (scan = in; scan < ep; scan++)
+				if (!isspace(*scan))
+					break;
+
+			if (scan != ep || in == it->buf) {
+				/*
+				 * We should not lose that "something",
+				 * unless we have just processed an
+				 * encoded-word, and there is only LWS
+				 * before the one we are about to process.
+				 */
+				strbuf_add(&outbuf, in, ep - in);
+			}
+		}
+		/* E.g.
+		 * ep : "=?iso-2022-jp?B?GyR...?= foo"
+		 * ep : "=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Foo=FCbar?= baz"
+		 */
+		ep += 2;
+
+		if (ep - it->buf >= it->len || !(cp = strchr(ep, '?')))
+			goto release_return;
+
+		if (cp + 3 - it->buf > it->len)
+			goto release_return;
+		strbuf_add(&charset_q, ep, cp - ep);
+
+		encoding = cp[1];
+		if (!encoding || cp[2] != '?')
+			goto release_return;
+		ep = strstr(cp + 3, "?=");
+		if (!ep)
+			goto release_return;
+		strbuf_add(&piecebuf, cp + 3, ep - cp - 3);
+		switch (tolower(encoding)) {
+		default:
+			goto release_return;
+		case 'b':
+			dec = decode_b_segment(&piecebuf);
+			break;
+		case 'q':
+			dec = decode_q_segment(&piecebuf, 1);
+			break;
+		}
+		if (convert_to_utf8(mi, dec, charset_q.buf))
+			goto release_return;
+
+		strbuf_addbuf(&outbuf, dec);
+		strbuf_release(dec);
+		free(dec);
+		in = ep + 2;
+	}
+	strbuf_addstr(&outbuf, in);
+	strbuf_reset(it);
+	strbuf_addbuf(it, &outbuf);
+	found_error = 0;
+release_return:
+	strbuf_release(&outbuf);
+	strbuf_release(&charset_q);
+	strbuf_release(&piecebuf);
+
+	if (found_error)
+		mi->input_error = -1;
+}
+
+static int check_header(struct mailinfo *mi,
+			const struct strbuf *line,
+			struct strbuf *hdr_data[], int overwrite)
+{
+	int i, ret = 0, len;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	/* search for the interesting parts */
+	for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {
+		int len = strlen(header[i]);
+		if ((!hdr_data[i] || overwrite) && cmp_header(line, header[i])) {
+			/* Unwrap inline B and Q encoding, and optionally
+			 * normalize the meta information to utf8.
+			 */
+			strbuf_add(&sb, line->buf + len + 2, line->len - len - 2);
+			decode_header(mi, &sb);
+			handle_header(&hdr_data[i], &sb);
+			ret = 1;
+			goto check_header_out;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Content stuff */
+	if (cmp_header(line, "Content-Type")) {
+		len = strlen("Content-Type: ");
+		strbuf_add(&sb, line->buf + len, line->len - len);
+		decode_header(mi, &sb);
+		strbuf_insert(&sb, 0, "Content-Type: ", len);
+		handle_content_type(mi, &sb);
+		ret = 1;
+		goto check_header_out;
+	}
+	if (cmp_header(line, "Content-Transfer-Encoding")) {
+		len = strlen("Content-Transfer-Encoding: ");
+		strbuf_add(&sb, line->buf + len, line->len - len);
+		decode_header(mi, &sb);
+		handle_content_transfer_encoding(mi, &sb);
+		ret = 1;
+		goto check_header_out;
+	}
+	if (cmp_header(line, "Message-Id")) {
+		len = strlen("Message-Id: ");
+		strbuf_add(&sb, line->buf + len, line->len - len);
+		decode_header(mi, &sb);
+		if (mi->add_message_id)
+			mi->message_id = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+		ret = 1;
+		goto check_header_out;
+	}
+
+check_header_out:
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns 1 if the given line or any line beginning with the given line is an
+ * in-body header (that is, check_header will succeed when passed
+ * mi->s_hdr_data).
+ */
+static int is_inbody_header(const struct mailinfo *mi,
+			    const struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; header[i]; i++)
+		if (!mi->s_hdr_data[i] && cmp_header(line, header[i]))
+			return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void decode_transfer_encoding(struct mailinfo *mi, struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	struct strbuf *ret;
+
+	switch (mi->transfer_encoding) {
+	case TE_QP:
+		ret = decode_q_segment(line, 0);
+		break;
+	case TE_BASE64:
+		ret = decode_b_segment(line);
+		break;
+	case TE_DONTCARE:
+	default:
+		return;
+	}
+	strbuf_reset(line);
+	strbuf_addbuf(line, ret);
+	strbuf_release(ret);
+	free(ret);
+}
+
+static inline int patchbreak(const struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	size_t i;
+
+	/* Beginning of a "diff -" header? */
+	if (starts_with(line->buf, "diff -"))
+		return 1;
+
+	/* CVS "Index: " line? */
+	if (starts_with(line->buf, "Index: "))
+		return 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * "--- <filename>" starts patches without headers
+	 * "---<sp>*" is a manual separator
+	 */
+	if (line->len < 4)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (starts_with(line->buf, "---")) {
+		/* space followed by a filename? */
+		if (line->buf[3] == ' ' && !isspace(line->buf[4]))
+			return 1;
+		/* Just whitespace? */
+		for (i = 3; i < line->len; i++) {
+			unsigned char c = line->buf[i];
+			if (c == '\n')
+				return 1;
+			if (!isspace(c))
+				break;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int is_scissors_line(const char *line)
+{
+	const char *c;
+	int scissors = 0, gap = 0;
+	const char *first_nonblank = NULL, *last_nonblank = NULL;
+	int visible, perforation = 0, in_perforation = 0;
+
+	for (c = line; *c; c++) {
+		if (isspace(*c)) {
+			if (in_perforation) {
+				perforation++;
+				gap++;
+			}
+			continue;
+		}
+		last_nonblank = c;
+		if (first_nonblank == NULL)
+			first_nonblank = c;
+		if (*c == '-') {
+			in_perforation = 1;
+			perforation++;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if ((!memcmp(c, ">8", 2) || !memcmp(c, "8<", 2) ||
+		     !memcmp(c, ">%", 2) || !memcmp(c, "%<", 2))) {
+			in_perforation = 1;
+			perforation += 2;
+			scissors += 2;
+			c++;
+			continue;
+		}
+		in_perforation = 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * The mark must be at least 8 bytes long (e.g. "-- >8 --").
+	 * Even though there can be arbitrary cruft on the same line
+	 * (e.g. "cut here"), in order to avoid misidentification, the
+	 * perforation must occupy more than a third of the visible
+	 * width of the line, and dashes and scissors must occupy more
+	 * than half of the perforation.
+	 */
+
+	if (first_nonblank && last_nonblank)
+		visible = last_nonblank - first_nonblank + 1;
+	else
+		visible = 0;
+	return (scissors && 8 <= visible &&
+		visible < perforation * 3 &&
+		gap * 2 < perforation);
+}
+
+static void flush_inbody_header_accum(struct mailinfo *mi)
+{
+	if (!mi->inbody_header_accum.len)
+		return;
+	if (!check_header(mi, &mi->inbody_header_accum, mi->s_hdr_data, 0))
+		BUG("inbody_header_accum, if not empty, must always contain a valid in-body header");
+	strbuf_reset(&mi->inbody_header_accum);
+}
+
+static int check_inbody_header(struct mailinfo *mi, const struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	if (mi->inbody_header_accum.len &&
+	    (line->buf[0] == ' ' || line->buf[0] == '\t')) {
+		if (mi->use_scissors && is_scissors_line(line->buf)) {
+			/*
+			 * This is a scissors line; do not consider this line
+			 * as a header continuation line.
+			 */
+			flush_inbody_header_accum(mi);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		strbuf_strip_suffix(&mi->inbody_header_accum, "\n");
+		strbuf_addbuf(&mi->inbody_header_accum, line);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	flush_inbody_header_accum(mi);
+
+	if (starts_with(line->buf, ">From") && isspace(line->buf[5]))
+		return is_format_patch_separator(line->buf + 1, line->len - 1);
+	if (starts_with(line->buf, "[PATCH]") && isspace(line->buf[7])) {
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; header[i]; i++)
+			if (!strcmp("Subject", header[i])) {
+				handle_header(&mi->s_hdr_data[i], line);
+				return 1;
+			}
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (is_inbody_header(mi, line)) {
+		strbuf_addbuf(&mi->inbody_header_accum, line);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int handle_commit_msg(struct mailinfo *mi, struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	assert(!mi->filter_stage);
+
+	if (mi->header_stage) {
+		if (!line->len || (line->len == 1 && line->buf[0] == '\n')) {
+			if (mi->inbody_header_accum.len) {
+				flush_inbody_header_accum(mi);
+				mi->header_stage = 0;
+			}
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (mi->use_inbody_headers && mi->header_stage) {
+		mi->header_stage = check_inbody_header(mi, line);
+		if (mi->header_stage)
+			return 0;
+	} else
+		/* Only trim the first (blank) line of the commit message
+		 * when ignoring in-body headers.
+		 */
+		mi->header_stage = 0;
+
+	/* normalize the log message to UTF-8. */
+	if (convert_to_utf8(mi, line, mi->charset.buf))
+		return 0; /* mi->input_error already set */
+
+	if (mi->use_scissors && is_scissors_line(line->buf)) {
+		int i;
+
+		strbuf_setlen(&mi->log_message, 0);
+		mi->header_stage = 1;
+
+		/*
+		 * We may have already read "secondary headers"; purge
+		 * them to give ourselves a clean restart.
+		 */
+		for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {
+			if (mi->s_hdr_data[i])
+				strbuf_release(mi->s_hdr_data[i]);
+			mi->s_hdr_data[i] = NULL;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (patchbreak(line)) {
+		if (mi->message_id)
+			strbuf_addf(&mi->log_message,
+				    "Message-Id: %s\n", mi->message_id);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addbuf(&mi->log_message, line);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void handle_patch(struct mailinfo *mi, const struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	fwrite(line->buf, 1, line->len, mi->patchfile);
+	mi->patch_lines++;
+}
+
+static void handle_filter(struct mailinfo *mi, struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	switch (mi->filter_stage) {
+	case 0:
+		if (!handle_commit_msg(mi, line))
+			break;
+		mi->filter_stage++;
+		/* fallthrough */
+	case 1:
+		handle_patch(mi, line);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static int is_rfc2822_header(const struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	/*
+	 * The section that defines the loosest possible
+	 * field name is "3.6.8 Optional fields".
+	 *
+	 * optional-field = field-name ":" unstructured CRLF
+	 * field-name = 1*ftext
+	 * ftext = %d33-57 / %59-126
+	 */
+	int ch;
+	char *cp = line->buf;
+
+	/* Count mbox From headers as headers */
+	if (starts_with(cp, "From ") || starts_with(cp, ">From "))
+		return 1;
+
+	while ((ch = *cp++)) {
+		if (ch == ':')
+			return 1;
+		if ((33 <= ch && ch <= 57) ||
+		    (59 <= ch && ch <= 126))
+			continue;
+		break;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_one_header_line(struct strbuf *line, FILE *in)
+{
+	struct strbuf continuation = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	/* Get the first part of the line. */
+	if (strbuf_getline_lf(line, in))
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Is it an empty line or not a valid rfc2822 header?
+	 * If so, stop here, and return false ("not a header")
+	 */
+	strbuf_rtrim(line);
+	if (!line->len || !is_rfc2822_header(line)) {
+		/* Re-add the newline */
+		strbuf_addch(line, '\n');
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Now we need to eat all the continuation lines..
+	 * Yuck, 2822 header "folding"
+	 */
+	for (;;) {
+		int peek;
+
+		peek = fgetc(in);
+		if (peek == EOF)
+			break;
+		ungetc(peek, in);
+		if (peek != ' ' && peek != '\t')
+			break;
+		if (strbuf_getline_lf(&continuation, in))
+			break;
+		continuation.buf[0] = ' ';
+		strbuf_rtrim(&continuation);
+		strbuf_addbuf(line, &continuation);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&continuation);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int find_boundary(struct mailinfo *mi, struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	while (!strbuf_getline_lf(line, mi->input)) {
+		if (*(mi->content_top) && is_multipart_boundary(mi, line))
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int handle_boundary(struct mailinfo *mi, struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	struct strbuf newline = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_addch(&newline, '\n');
+again:
+	if (line->len >= (*(mi->content_top))->len + 2 &&
+	    !memcmp(line->buf + (*(mi->content_top))->len, "--", 2)) {
+		/* we hit an end boundary */
+		/* pop the current boundary off the stack */
+		strbuf_release(*(mi->content_top));
+		FREE_AND_NULL(*(mi->content_top));
+
+		/* technically won't happen as is_multipart_boundary()
+		   will fail first.  But just in case..
+		 */
+		if (--mi->content_top < mi->content) {
+			error("Detected mismatched boundaries, can't recover");
+			mi->input_error = -1;
+			mi->content_top = mi->content;
+			strbuf_release(&newline);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		handle_filter(mi, &newline);
+		strbuf_release(&newline);
+		if (mi->input_error)
+			return 0;
+
+		/* skip to the next boundary */
+		if (!find_boundary(mi, line))
+			return 0;
+		goto again;
+	}
+
+	/* set some defaults */
+	mi->transfer_encoding = TE_DONTCARE;
+	strbuf_reset(&mi->charset);
+
+	/* slurp in this section's info */
+	while (read_one_header_line(line, mi->input))
+		check_header(mi, line, mi->p_hdr_data, 0);
+
+	strbuf_release(&newline);
+	/* replenish line */
+	if (strbuf_getline_lf(line, mi->input))
+		return 0;
+	strbuf_addch(line, '\n');
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void handle_body(struct mailinfo *mi, struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	struct strbuf prev = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	/* Skip up to the first boundary */
+	if (*(mi->content_top)) {
+		if (!find_boundary(mi, line))
+			goto handle_body_out;
+	}
+
+	do {
+		/* process any boundary lines */
+		if (*(mi->content_top) && is_multipart_boundary(mi, line)) {
+			/* flush any leftover */
+			if (prev.len) {
+				handle_filter(mi, &prev);
+				strbuf_reset(&prev);
+			}
+			if (!handle_boundary(mi, line))
+				goto handle_body_out;
+		}
+
+		/* Unwrap transfer encoding */
+		decode_transfer_encoding(mi, line);
+
+		switch (mi->transfer_encoding) {
+		case TE_BASE64:
+		case TE_QP:
+		{
+			struct strbuf **lines, **it, *sb;
+
+			/* Prepend any previous partial lines */
+			strbuf_insert(line, 0, prev.buf, prev.len);
+			strbuf_reset(&prev);
+
+			/*
+			 * This is a decoded line that may contain
+			 * multiple new lines.  Pass only one chunk
+			 * at a time to handle_filter()
+			 */
+			lines = strbuf_split(line, '\n');
+			for (it = lines; (sb = *it); it++) {
+				if (*(it + 1) == NULL) /* The last line */
+					if (sb->buf[sb->len - 1] != '\n') {
+						/* Partial line, save it for later. */
+						strbuf_addbuf(&prev, sb);
+						break;
+					}
+				handle_filter(mi, sb);
+			}
+			/*
+			 * The partial chunk is saved in "prev" and will be
+			 * appended by the next iteration of read_line_with_nul().
+			 */
+			strbuf_list_free(lines);
+			break;
+		}
+		default:
+			handle_filter(mi, line);
+		}
+
+		if (mi->input_error)
+			break;
+	} while (!strbuf_getwholeline(line, mi->input, '\n'));
+
+	flush_inbody_header_accum(mi);
+
+handle_body_out:
+	strbuf_release(&prev);
+}
+
+static void output_header_lines(FILE *fout, const char *hdr, const struct strbuf *data)
+{
+	const char *sp = data->buf;
+	while (1) {
+		char *ep = strchr(sp, '\n');
+		int len;
+		if (!ep)
+			len = strlen(sp);
+		else
+			len = ep - sp;
+		fprintf(fout, "%s: %.*s\n", hdr, len, sp);
+		if (!ep)
+			break;
+		sp = ep + 1;
+	}
+}
+
+static void handle_info(struct mailinfo *mi)
+{
+	struct strbuf *hdr;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {
+		/* only print inbody headers if we output a patch file */
+		if (mi->patch_lines && mi->s_hdr_data[i])
+			hdr = mi->s_hdr_data[i];
+		else if (mi->p_hdr_data[i])
+			hdr = mi->p_hdr_data[i];
+		else
+			continue;
+
+		if (!strcmp(header[i], "Subject")) {
+			if (!mi->keep_subject) {
+				cleanup_subject(mi, hdr);
+				cleanup_space(hdr);
+			}
+			output_header_lines(mi->output, "Subject", hdr);
+		} else if (!strcmp(header[i], "From")) {
+			cleanup_space(hdr);
+			handle_from(mi, hdr);
+			fprintf(mi->output, "Author: %s\n", mi->name.buf);
+			fprintf(mi->output, "Email: %s\n", mi->email.buf);
+		} else {
+			cleanup_space(hdr);
+			fprintf(mi->output, "%s: %s\n", header[i], hdr->buf);
+		}
+	}
+	fprintf(mi->output, "\n");
+}
+
+int mailinfo(struct mailinfo *mi, const char *msg, const char *patch)
+{
+	FILE *cmitmsg;
+	int peek;
+	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	cmitmsg = fopen(msg, "w");
+	if (!cmitmsg) {
+		perror(msg);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	mi->patchfile = fopen(patch, "w");
+	if (!mi->patchfile) {
+		perror(patch);
+		fclose(cmitmsg);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	mi->p_hdr_data = xcalloc(MAX_HDR_PARSED, sizeof(*(mi->p_hdr_data)));
+	mi->s_hdr_data = xcalloc(MAX_HDR_PARSED, sizeof(*(mi->s_hdr_data)));
+
+	do {
+		peek = fgetc(mi->input);
+		if (peek == EOF) {
+			fclose(cmitmsg);
+			return error("empty patch: '%s'", patch);
+		}
+	} while (isspace(peek));
+	ungetc(peek, mi->input);
+
+	/* process the email header */
+	while (read_one_header_line(&line, mi->input))
+		check_header(mi, &line, mi->p_hdr_data, 1);
+
+	handle_body(mi, &line);
+	fwrite(mi->log_message.buf, 1, mi->log_message.len, cmitmsg);
+	fclose(cmitmsg);
+	fclose(mi->patchfile);
+
+	handle_info(mi);
+	strbuf_release(&line);
+	return mi->input_error;
+}
+
+static int git_mailinfo_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *mi_)
+{
+	struct mailinfo *mi = mi_;
+
+	if (!starts_with(var, "mailinfo."))
+		return git_default_config(var, value, NULL);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "mailinfo.scissors")) {
+		mi->use_scissors = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	/* perhaps others here */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void setup_mailinfo(struct mailinfo *mi)
+{
+	memset(mi, 0, sizeof(*mi));
+	strbuf_init(&mi->name, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&mi->email, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&mi->charset, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&mi->log_message, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&mi->inbody_header_accum, 0);
+	mi->header_stage = 1;
+	mi->use_inbody_headers = 1;
+	mi->content_top = mi->content;
+	git_config(git_mailinfo_config, mi);
+}
+
+void clear_mailinfo(struct mailinfo *mi)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	strbuf_release(&mi->name);
+	strbuf_release(&mi->email);
+	strbuf_release(&mi->charset);
+	strbuf_release(&mi->inbody_header_accum);
+	free(mi->message_id);
+
+	if (mi->p_hdr_data)
+		for (i = 0; mi->p_hdr_data[i]; i++)
+			strbuf_release(mi->p_hdr_data[i]);
+	free(mi->p_hdr_data);
+	if (mi->s_hdr_data)
+		for (i = 0; mi->s_hdr_data[i]; i++)
+			strbuf_release(mi->s_hdr_data[i]);
+	free(mi->s_hdr_data);
+
+	while (mi->content < mi->content_top) {
+		free(*(mi->content_top));
+		mi->content_top--;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&mi->log_message);
+}
diff --git a/mailinfo.h b/mailinfo.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..766c03dd1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mailinfo.h
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#ifndef MAILINFO_H
+#define MAILINFO_H
+
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+#define MAX_BOUNDARIES 5
+
+struct mailinfo {
+	FILE *input;
+	FILE *output;
+	FILE *patchfile;
+
+	struct strbuf name;
+	struct strbuf email;
+	int keep_subject;
+	int keep_non_patch_brackets_in_subject;
+	int add_message_id;
+	int use_scissors;
+	int use_inbody_headers;
+	const char *metainfo_charset;
+
+	struct strbuf *content[MAX_BOUNDARIES];
+	struct strbuf **content_top;
+	struct strbuf charset;
+	char *message_id;
+	enum  {
+		TE_DONTCARE, TE_QP, TE_BASE64
+	} transfer_encoding;
+	int patch_lines;
+	int filter_stage; /* still reading log or are we copying patch? */
+	int header_stage; /* still checking in-body headers? */
+	struct strbuf inbody_header_accum;
+	struct strbuf **p_hdr_data;
+	struct strbuf **s_hdr_data;
+
+	struct strbuf log_message;
+	int input_error;
+};
+
+extern void setup_mailinfo(struct mailinfo *);
+extern int mailinfo(struct mailinfo *, const char *msg, const char *patch);
+extern void clear_mailinfo(struct mailinfo *);
+
+#endif /* MAILINFO_H */
diff --git a/mailmap.c b/mailmap.c
index 9e9589730f..962fd86d6d 100644
--- a/mailmap.c
+++ b/mailmap.c
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "mailmap.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 #define DEBUG_MAILMAP 0
 #if DEBUG_MAILMAP
@@ -103,10 +104,8 @@ static void add_mapping(struct string_list *map,
 	} else {
 		struct mailmap_info *mi = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct mailmap_info));
 		debug_mm("mailmap: adding (complex) entry for '%s'\n", old_email);
-		if (new_name)
-			mi->name = xstrdup(new_name);
-		if (new_email)
-			mi->email = xstrdup(new_email);
+		mi->name = xstrdup_or_null(new_name);
+		mi->email = xstrdup_or_null(new_email);
 		string_list_insert(&me->namemap, old_name)->util = mi;
 	}
 
@@ -162,11 +161,10 @@ static void read_mailmap_line(struct string_list *map, char *buffer,
 			char *cp;
 
 			free(*repo_abbrev);
-			*repo_abbrev = xmalloc(len);
 
 			for (cp = buffer + abblen; isspace(*cp); cp++)
 				; /* nothing */
-			strcpy(*repo_abbrev, cp);
+			*repo_abbrev = xstrdup(cp);
 		}
 		return;
 	}
@@ -190,8 +188,7 @@ static int read_mailmap_file(struct string_list *map, const char *filename,
 	if (!f) {
 		if (errno == ENOENT)
 			return 0;
-		return error("unable to open mailmap at %s: %s",
-			     filename, strerror(errno));
+		return error_errno("unable to open mailmap at %s", filename);
 	}
 
 	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), f) != NULL)
@@ -218,17 +215,17 @@ static int read_mailmap_blob(struct string_list *map,
 			     const char *name,
 			     char **repo_abbrev)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	char *buf;
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
 
 	if (!name)
 		return 0;
-	if (get_sha1(name, sha1) < 0)
+	if (get_oid(name, &oid) < 0)
 		return 0;
 
-	buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	buf = read_object_file(&oid, &type, &size);
 	if (!buf)
 		return error("unable to read mailmap object at %s", name);
 	if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
@@ -251,7 +248,8 @@ int read_mailmap(struct string_list *map, char **repo_abbrev)
 		git_mailmap_blob = "HEAD:.mailmap";
 
 	err |= read_mailmap_file(map, ".mailmap", repo_abbrev);
-	err |= read_mailmap_blob(map, git_mailmap_blob, repo_abbrev);
+	if (startup_info->have_repository)
+		err |= read_mailmap_blob(map, git_mailmap_blob, repo_abbrev);
 	err |= read_mailmap_file(map, git_mailmap_file, repo_abbrev);
 	return err;
 }
diff --git a/mailmap.h b/mailmap.h
index ed7c93b05c..d0e65646cb 100644
--- a/mailmap.h
+++ b/mailmap.h
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef MAILMAP_H
 #define MAILMAP_H
 
+struct string_list;
+
 int read_mailmap(struct string_list *map, char **repo_abbrev);
 void clear_mailmap(struct string_list *map);
 
diff --git a/match-trees.c b/match-trees.c
index 1ce0954a3e..37653308d3 100644
--- a/match-trees.c
+++ b/match-trees.c
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 static int score_missing(unsigned mode, const char *path)
 {
@@ -48,17 +49,17 @@ static int score_matches(unsigned mode1, unsigned mode2, const char *path)
 }
 
 static void *fill_tree_desc_strict(struct tree_desc *desc,
-				   const unsigned char *hash)
+				   const struct object_id *hash)
 {
 	void *buffer;
 	enum object_type type;
 	unsigned long size;
 
-	buffer = read_sha1_file(hash, &type, &size);
+	buffer = read_object_file(hash, &type, &size);
 	if (!buffer)
-		die("unable to read tree (%s)", sha1_to_hex(hash));
+		die("unable to read tree (%s)", oid_to_hex(hash));
 	if (type != OBJ_TREE)
-		die("%s is not a tree", sha1_to_hex(hash));
+		die("%s is not a tree", oid_to_hex(hash));
 	init_tree_desc(desc, buffer, size);
 	return buffer;
 }
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ static int base_name_entries_compare(const struct name_entry *a,
 /*
  * Inspect two trees, and give a score that tells how similar they are.
  */
-static int score_trees(const unsigned char *hash1, const unsigned char *hash2)
+static int score_trees(const struct object_id *hash1, const struct object_id *hash2)
 {
 	struct tree_desc one;
 	struct tree_desc two;
@@ -82,34 +83,43 @@ static int score_trees(const unsigned char *hash1, const unsigned char *hash2)
 	int score = 0;
 
 	for (;;) {
-		struct name_entry e1, e2;
-		int got_entry_from_one = tree_entry(&one, &e1);
-		int got_entry_from_two = tree_entry(&two, &e2);
 		int cmp;
 
-		if (got_entry_from_one && got_entry_from_two)
-			cmp = base_name_entries_compare(&e1, &e2);
-		else if (got_entry_from_one)
+		if (one.size && two.size)
+			cmp = base_name_entries_compare(&one.entry, &two.entry);
+		else if (one.size)
 			/* two lacks this entry */
 			cmp = -1;
-		else if (got_entry_from_two)
+		else if (two.size)
 			/* two has more entries */
 			cmp = 1;
 		else
 			break;
 
-		if (cmp < 0)
+		if (cmp < 0) {
 			/* path1 does not appear in two */
-			score += score_missing(e1.mode, e1.path);
-		else if (cmp > 0)
+			score += score_missing(one.entry.mode, one.entry.path);
+			update_tree_entry(&one);
+		} else if (cmp > 0) {
 			/* path2 does not appear in one */
-			score += score_missing(e2.mode, e2.path);
-		else if (hashcmp(e1.sha1, e2.sha1))
-			/* they are different */
-			score += score_differs(e1.mode, e2.mode, e1.path);
-		else
-			/* same subtree or blob */
-			score += score_matches(e1.mode, e2.mode, e1.path);
+			score += score_missing(two.entry.mode, two.entry.path);
+			update_tree_entry(&two);
+		} else {
+			/* path appears in both */
+			if (oidcmp(one.entry.oid, two.entry.oid)) {
+				/* they are different */
+				score += score_differs(one.entry.mode,
+						       two.entry.mode,
+						       one.entry.path);
+			} else {
+				/* same subtree or blob */
+				score += score_matches(one.entry.mode,
+						       two.entry.mode,
+						       one.entry.path);
+			}
+			update_tree_entry(&one);
+			update_tree_entry(&two);
+		}
 	}
 	free(one_buf);
 	free(two_buf);
@@ -119,8 +129,8 @@ static int score_trees(const unsigned char *hash1, const unsigned char *hash2)
 /*
  * Match one itself and its subtrees with two and pick the best match.
  */
-static void match_trees(const unsigned char *hash1,
-			const unsigned char *hash2,
+static void match_trees(const struct object_id *hash1,
+			const struct object_id *hash2,
 			int *best_score,
 			char **best_match,
 			const char *base,
@@ -131,7 +141,7 @@ static void match_trees(const unsigned char *hash1,
 
 	while (one.size) {
 		const char *path;
-		const unsigned char *elem;
+		const struct object_id *elem;
 		unsigned mode;
 		int score;
 
@@ -158,22 +168,20 @@ static void match_trees(const unsigned char *hash1,
 }
 
 /*
- * A tree "hash1" has a subdirectory at "prefix".  Come up with a
- * tree object by replacing it with another tree "hash2".
+ * A tree "oid1" has a subdirectory at "prefix".  Come up with a tree object by
+ * replacing it with another tree "oid2".
  */
-static int splice_tree(const unsigned char *hash1,
-		       const char *prefix,
-		       const unsigned char *hash2,
-		       unsigned char *result)
+static int splice_tree(const struct object_id *oid1, const char *prefix,
+		       const struct object_id *oid2, struct object_id *result)
 {
 	char *subpath;
 	int toplen;
 	char *buf;
 	unsigned long sz;
 	struct tree_desc desc;
-	unsigned char *rewrite_here;
-	const unsigned char *rewrite_with;
-	unsigned char subtree[20];
+	struct object_id *rewrite_here;
+	const struct object_id *rewrite_with;
+	struct object_id subtree;
 	enum object_type type;
 	int status;
 
@@ -182,41 +190,41 @@ static int splice_tree(const unsigned char *hash1,
 	if (*subpath)
 		subpath++;
 
-	buf = read_sha1_file(hash1, &type, &sz);
+	buf = read_object_file(oid1, &type, &sz);
 	if (!buf)
-		die("cannot read tree %s", sha1_to_hex(hash1));
+		die("cannot read tree %s", oid_to_hex(oid1));
 	init_tree_desc(&desc, buf, sz);
 
 	rewrite_here = NULL;
 	while (desc.size) {
 		const char *name;
 		unsigned mode;
-		const unsigned char *sha1;
+		const struct object_id *oid;
 
-		sha1 = tree_entry_extract(&desc, &name, &mode);
+		oid = tree_entry_extract(&desc, &name, &mode);
 		if (strlen(name) == toplen &&
 		    !memcmp(name, prefix, toplen)) {
 			if (!S_ISDIR(mode))
-				die("entry %s in tree %s is not a tree",
-				    name, sha1_to_hex(hash1));
-			rewrite_here = (unsigned char *) sha1;
+				die("entry %s in tree %s is not a tree", name,
+				    oid_to_hex(oid1));
+			rewrite_here = (struct object_id *)oid;
 			break;
 		}
 		update_tree_entry(&desc);
 	}
 	if (!rewrite_here)
-		die("entry %.*s not found in tree %s",
-		    toplen, prefix, sha1_to_hex(hash1));
+		die("entry %.*s not found in tree %s", toplen, prefix,
+		    oid_to_hex(oid1));
 	if (*subpath) {
-		status = splice_tree(rewrite_here, subpath, hash2, subtree);
+		status = splice_tree(rewrite_here, subpath, oid2, &subtree);
 		if (status)
 			return status;
-		rewrite_with = subtree;
+		rewrite_with = &subtree;
+	} else {
+		rewrite_with = oid2;
 	}
-	else
-		rewrite_with = hash2;
-	hashcpy(rewrite_here, rewrite_with);
-	status = write_sha1_file(buf, sz, tree_type, result);
+	oidcpy(rewrite_here, rewrite_with);
+	status = write_object_file(buf, sz, tree_type, result);
 	free(buf);
 	return status;
 }
@@ -229,9 +237,9 @@ static int splice_tree(const unsigned char *hash1,
  * other hand, it could cover tree one and we might need to pick a
  * subtree of it.
  */
-void shift_tree(const unsigned char *hash1,
-		const unsigned char *hash2,
-		unsigned char *shifted,
+void shift_tree(const struct object_id *hash1,
+		const struct object_id *hash2,
+		struct object_id *shifted,
 		int depth_limit)
 {
 	char *add_prefix;
@@ -262,7 +270,7 @@ void shift_tree(const unsigned char *hash1,
 	match_trees(hash2, hash1, &del_score, &del_prefix, "", depth_limit);
 
 	/* Assume we do not have to do any shifting */
-	hashcpy(shifted, hash2);
+	oidcpy(shifted, hash2);
 
 	if (add_score < del_score) {
 		/* We need to pick a subtree of two */
@@ -273,7 +281,7 @@ void shift_tree(const unsigned char *hash1,
 
 		if (get_tree_entry(hash2, del_prefix, shifted, &mode))
 			die("cannot find path %s in tree %s",
-			    del_prefix, sha1_to_hex(hash2));
+			    del_prefix, oid_to_hex(hash2));
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -288,22 +296,22 @@ void shift_tree(const unsigned char *hash1,
  * Unfortunately we cannot fundamentally tell which one to
  * be prefixed, as recursive merge can work in either direction.
  */
-void shift_tree_by(const unsigned char *hash1,
-		   const unsigned char *hash2,
-		   unsigned char *shifted,
+void shift_tree_by(const struct object_id *hash1,
+		   const struct object_id *hash2,
+		   struct object_id *shifted,
 		   const char *shift_prefix)
 {
-	unsigned char sub1[20], sub2[20];
+	struct object_id sub1, sub2;
 	unsigned mode1, mode2;
 	unsigned candidate = 0;
 
 	/* Can hash2 be a tree at shift_prefix in tree hash1? */
-	if (!get_tree_entry(hash1, shift_prefix, sub1, &mode1) &&
+	if (!get_tree_entry(hash1, shift_prefix, &sub1, &mode1) &&
 	    S_ISDIR(mode1))
 		candidate |= 1;
 
 	/* Can hash1 be a tree at shift_prefix in tree hash2? */
-	if (!get_tree_entry(hash2, shift_prefix, sub2, &mode2) &&
+	if (!get_tree_entry(hash2, shift_prefix, &sub2, &mode2) &&
 	    S_ISDIR(mode2))
 		candidate |= 2;
 
@@ -313,19 +321,19 @@ void shift_tree_by(const unsigned char *hash1,
 		int score;
 
 		candidate = 0;
-		score = score_trees(sub1, hash2);
+		score = score_trees(&sub1, hash2);
 		if (score > best_score) {
 			candidate = 1;
 			best_score = score;
 		}
-		score = score_trees(sub2, hash1);
+		score = score_trees(&sub2, hash1);
 		if (score > best_score)
 			candidate = 2;
 	}
 
 	if (!candidate) {
 		/* Neither is plausible -- do not shift */
-		hashcpy(shifted, hash2);
+		oidcpy(shifted, hash2);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -340,5 +348,5 @@ void shift_tree_by(const unsigned char *hash1,
 		 * shift tree2 up by removing shift_prefix from it
 		 * to match tree1.
 		 */
-		hashcpy(shifted, sub2);
+		oidcpy(shifted, &sub2);
 }
diff --git a/mem-pool.c b/mem-pool.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a2841a4a9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mem-pool.c
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+/*
+ * Memory Pool implementation logic.
+ */
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "mem-pool.h"
+
+#define BLOCK_GROWTH_SIZE 1024*1024 - sizeof(struct mp_block);
+
+/*
+ * Allocate a new mp_block and insert it after the block specified in
+ * `insert_after`. If `insert_after` is NULL, then insert block at the
+ * head of the linked list.
+ */
+static struct mp_block *mem_pool_alloc_block(struct mem_pool *mem_pool, size_t block_alloc, struct mp_block *insert_after)
+{
+	struct mp_block *p;
+
+	mem_pool->pool_alloc += sizeof(struct mp_block) + block_alloc;
+	p = xmalloc(st_add(sizeof(struct mp_block), block_alloc));
+
+	p->next_free = (char *)p->space;
+	p->end = p->next_free + block_alloc;
+
+	if (insert_after) {
+		p->next_block = insert_after->next_block;
+		insert_after->next_block = p;
+	} else {
+		p->next_block = mem_pool->mp_block;
+		mem_pool->mp_block = p;
+	}
+
+	return p;
+}
+
+void mem_pool_init(struct mem_pool **mem_pool, size_t initial_size)
+{
+	struct mem_pool *pool;
+
+	if (*mem_pool)
+		return;
+
+	pool = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*pool));
+
+	pool->block_alloc = BLOCK_GROWTH_SIZE;
+
+	if (initial_size > 0)
+		mem_pool_alloc_block(pool, initial_size, NULL);
+
+	*mem_pool = pool;
+}
+
+void mem_pool_discard(struct mem_pool *mem_pool, int invalidate_memory)
+{
+	struct mp_block *block, *block_to_free;
+
+	block = mem_pool->mp_block;
+	while (block)
+	{
+		block_to_free = block;
+		block = block->next_block;
+
+		if (invalidate_memory)
+			memset(block_to_free->space, 0xDD, ((char *)block_to_free->end) - ((char *)block_to_free->space));
+
+		free(block_to_free);
+	}
+
+	free(mem_pool);
+}
+
+void *mem_pool_alloc(struct mem_pool *mem_pool, size_t len)
+{
+	struct mp_block *p = NULL;
+	void *r;
+
+	/* round up to a 'uintmax_t' alignment */
+	if (len & (sizeof(uintmax_t) - 1))
+		len += sizeof(uintmax_t) - (len & (sizeof(uintmax_t) - 1));
+
+	if (mem_pool->mp_block &&
+	    mem_pool->mp_block->end - mem_pool->mp_block->next_free >= len)
+		p = mem_pool->mp_block;
+
+	if (!p) {
+		if (len >= (mem_pool->block_alloc / 2))
+			return mem_pool_alloc_block(mem_pool, len, mem_pool->mp_block);
+
+		p = mem_pool_alloc_block(mem_pool, mem_pool->block_alloc, NULL);
+	}
+
+	r = p->next_free;
+	p->next_free += len;
+	return r;
+}
+
+void *mem_pool_calloc(struct mem_pool *mem_pool, size_t count, size_t size)
+{
+	size_t len = st_mult(count, size);
+	void *r = mem_pool_alloc(mem_pool, len);
+	memset(r, 0, len);
+	return r;
+}
+
+int mem_pool_contains(struct mem_pool *mem_pool, void *mem)
+{
+	struct mp_block *p;
+
+	/* Check if memory is allocated in a block */
+	for (p = mem_pool->mp_block; p; p = p->next_block)
+		if ((mem >= ((void *)p->space)) &&
+		    (mem < ((void *)p->end)))
+			return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void mem_pool_combine(struct mem_pool *dst, struct mem_pool *src)
+{
+	struct mp_block *p;
+
+	/* Append the blocks from src to dst */
+	if (dst->mp_block && src->mp_block) {
+		/*
+		 * src and dst have blocks, append
+		 * blocks from src to dst.
+		 */
+		p = dst->mp_block;
+		while (p->next_block)
+			p = p->next_block;
+
+		p->next_block = src->mp_block;
+	} else if (src->mp_block) {
+		/*
+		 * src has blocks, dst is empty.
+		 */
+		dst->mp_block = src->mp_block;
+	} else {
+		/* src is empty, nothing to do. */
+	}
+
+	dst->pool_alloc += src->pool_alloc;
+	src->pool_alloc = 0;
+	src->mp_block = NULL;
+}
diff --git a/mem-pool.h b/mem-pool.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..999d3c3a52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mem-pool.h
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#ifndef MEM_POOL_H
+#define MEM_POOL_H
+
+struct mp_block {
+	struct mp_block *next_block;
+	char *next_free;
+	char *end;
+	uintmax_t space[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
+};
+
+struct mem_pool {
+	struct mp_block *mp_block;
+
+	/*
+	 * The amount of available memory to grow the pool by.
+	 * This size does not include the overhead for the mp_block.
+	 */
+	size_t block_alloc;
+
+	/* The total amount of memory allocated by the pool. */
+	size_t pool_alloc;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Initialize mem_pool with specified initial size.
+ */
+void mem_pool_init(struct mem_pool **mem_pool, size_t initial_size);
+
+/*
+ * Discard a memory pool and free all the memory it is responsible for.
+ */
+void mem_pool_discard(struct mem_pool *mem_pool, int invalidate_memory);
+
+/*
+ * Alloc memory from the mem_pool.
+ */
+void *mem_pool_alloc(struct mem_pool *pool, size_t len);
+
+/*
+ * Allocate and zero memory from the memory pool.
+ */
+void *mem_pool_calloc(struct mem_pool *pool, size_t count, size_t size);
+
+/*
+ * Move the memory associated with the 'src' pool to the 'dst' pool. The 'src'
+ * pool will be empty and not contain any memory. It still needs to be free'd
+ * with a call to `mem_pool_discard`.
+ */
+void mem_pool_combine(struct mem_pool *dst, struct mem_pool *src);
+
+/*
+ * Check if a memory pointed at by 'mem' is part of the range of
+ * memory managed by the specified mem_pool.
+ */
+int mem_pool_contains(struct mem_pool *mem_pool, void *mem);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/merge-blobs.c b/merge-blobs.c
index 57211bccb7..fabb8c19ce 100644
--- a/merge-blobs.c
+++ b/merge-blobs.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "ll-merge.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "merge-blobs.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 static int fill_mmfile_blob(mmfile_t *f, struct blob *obj)
 {
@@ -11,11 +12,13 @@ static int fill_mmfile_blob(mmfile_t *f, struct blob *obj)
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
 
-	buf = read_sha1_file(obj->object.sha1, &type, &size);
+	buf = read_object_file(&obj->object.oid, &type, &size);
 	if (!buf)
 		return -1;
-	if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
+	if (type != OBJ_BLOB) {
+		free(buf);
 		return -1;
+	}
 	f->ptr = buf;
 	f->size = size;
 	return 0;
@@ -46,40 +49,6 @@ static void *three_way_filemerge(const char *path, mmfile_t *base, mmfile_t *our
 	return res.ptr;
 }
 
-static int common_outf(void *priv_, mmbuffer_t *mb, int nbuf)
-{
-	int i;
-	mmfile_t *dst = priv_;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < nbuf; i++) {
-		memcpy(dst->ptr + dst->size, mb[i].ptr, mb[i].size);
-		dst->size += mb[i].size;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int generate_common_file(mmfile_t *res, mmfile_t *f1, mmfile_t *f2)
-{
-	unsigned long size = f1->size < f2->size ? f1->size : f2->size;
-	void *ptr = xmalloc(size);
-	xpparam_t xpp;
-	xdemitconf_t xecfg;
-	xdemitcb_t ecb;
-
-	memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
-	xpp.flags = 0;
-	memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
-	xecfg.ctxlen = 3;
-	xecfg.flags = XDL_EMIT_COMMON;
-	ecb.outf = common_outf;
-
-	res->ptr = ptr;
-	res->size = 0;
-
-	ecb.priv = res;
-	return xdi_diff(f1, f2, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
-}
-
 void *merge_blobs(const char *path, struct blob *base, struct blob *our, struct blob *their, unsigned long *size)
 {
 	void *res = NULL;
@@ -98,7 +67,7 @@ void *merge_blobs(const char *path, struct blob *base, struct blob *our, struct
 			return NULL;
 		if (!our)
 			our = their;
-		return read_sha1_file(our->object.sha1, &type, size);
+		return read_object_file(&our->object.oid, &type, size);
 	}
 
 	if (fill_mmfile_blob(&f1, our) < 0)
@@ -110,8 +79,8 @@ void *merge_blobs(const char *path, struct blob *base, struct blob *our, struct
 		if (fill_mmfile_blob(&common, base) < 0)
 			goto out_free_f2_f1;
 	} else {
-		if (generate_common_file(&common, &f1, &f2) < 0)
-			goto out_free_f2_f1;
+		common.ptr = xstrdup("");
+		common.size = 0;
 	}
 	res = three_way_filemerge(path, &common, &f1, &f2, size);
 	free_mmfile(&common);
diff --git a/merge-recursive.c b/merge-recursive.c
index 771f5e21b0..dcdc93019c 100644
--- a/merge-recursive.c
+++ b/merge-recursive.c
@@ -4,9 +4,12 @@
  * The thieves were Alex Riesen and Johannes Schindelin, in June/July 2006
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "advice.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
@@ -14,6 +17,7 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "diffcore.h"
 #include "tag.h"
+#include "alloc.h"
 #include "unpack-trees.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
@@ -22,32 +26,147 @@
 #include "merge-recursive.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+
+struct path_hashmap_entry {
+	struct hashmap_entry e;
+	char path[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+
+static int path_hashmap_cmp(const void *cmp_data,
+			    const void *entry,
+			    const void *entry_or_key,
+			    const void *keydata)
+{
+	const struct path_hashmap_entry *a = entry;
+	const struct path_hashmap_entry *b = entry_or_key;
+	const char *key = keydata;
+
+	if (ignore_case)
+		return strcasecmp(a->path, key ? key : b->path);
+	else
+		return strcmp(a->path, key ? key : b->path);
+}
+
+static unsigned int path_hash(const char *path)
+{
+	return ignore_case ? strihash(path) : strhash(path);
+}
+
+static struct dir_rename_entry *dir_rename_find_entry(struct hashmap *hashmap,
+						      char *dir)
+{
+	struct dir_rename_entry key;
+
+	if (dir == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+	hashmap_entry_init(&key, strhash(dir));
+	key.dir = dir;
+	return hashmap_get(hashmap, &key, NULL);
+}
+
+static int dir_rename_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+			  const void *entry,
+			  const void *entry_or_key,
+			  const void *unused_keydata)
+{
+	const struct dir_rename_entry *e1 = entry;
+	const struct dir_rename_entry *e2 = entry_or_key;
+
+	return strcmp(e1->dir, e2->dir);
+}
+
+static void dir_rename_init(struct hashmap *map)
+{
+	hashmap_init(map, dir_rename_cmp, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+static void dir_rename_entry_init(struct dir_rename_entry *entry,
+				  char *directory)
+{
+	hashmap_entry_init(entry, strhash(directory));
+	entry->dir = directory;
+	entry->non_unique_new_dir = 0;
+	strbuf_init(&entry->new_dir, 0);
+	string_list_init(&entry->possible_new_dirs, 0);
+}
+
+static struct collision_entry *collision_find_entry(struct hashmap *hashmap,
+						    char *target_file)
+{
+	struct collision_entry key;
+
+	hashmap_entry_init(&key, strhash(target_file));
+	key.target_file = target_file;
+	return hashmap_get(hashmap, &key, NULL);
+}
+
+static int collision_cmp(void *unused_cmp_data,
+			 const struct collision_entry *e1,
+			 const struct collision_entry *e2,
+			 const void *unused_keydata)
+{
+	return strcmp(e1->target_file, e2->target_file);
+}
+
+static void collision_init(struct hashmap *map)
+{
+	hashmap_init(map, (hashmap_cmp_fn) collision_cmp, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+static void flush_output(struct merge_options *o)
+{
+	if (o->buffer_output < 2 && o->obuf.len) {
+		fputs(o->obuf.buf, stdout);
+		strbuf_reset(&o->obuf);
+	}
+}
+
+static int err(struct merge_options *o, const char *err, ...)
+{
+	va_list params;
+
+	if (o->buffer_output < 2)
+		flush_output(o);
+	else {
+		strbuf_complete(&o->obuf, '\n');
+		strbuf_addstr(&o->obuf, "error: ");
+	}
+	va_start(params, err);
+	strbuf_vaddf(&o->obuf, err, params);
+	va_end(params);
+	if (o->buffer_output > 1)
+		strbuf_addch(&o->obuf, '\n');
+	else {
+		error("%s", o->obuf.buf);
+		strbuf_reset(&o->obuf);
+	}
+
+	return -1;
+}
 
 static struct tree *shift_tree_object(struct tree *one, struct tree *two,
 				      const char *subtree_shift)
 {
-	unsigned char shifted[20];
+	struct object_id shifted;
 
 	if (!*subtree_shift) {
-		shift_tree(one->object.sha1, two->object.sha1, shifted, 0);
+		shift_tree(&one->object.oid, &two->object.oid, &shifted, 0);
 	} else {
-		shift_tree_by(one->object.sha1, two->object.sha1, shifted,
+		shift_tree_by(&one->object.oid, &two->object.oid, &shifted,
 			      subtree_shift);
 	}
-	if (!hashcmp(two->object.sha1, shifted))
+	if (!oidcmp(&two->object.oid, &shifted))
 		return two;
-	return lookup_tree(shifted);
+	return lookup_tree(the_repository, &shifted);
 }
 
 static struct commit *make_virtual_commit(struct tree *tree, const char *comment)
 {
-	struct commit *commit = alloc_commit_node();
-	struct merge_remote_desc *desc = xmalloc(sizeof(*desc));
+	struct commit *commit = alloc_commit_node(the_repository);
 
-	desc->name = comment;
-	desc->obj = (struct object *)commit;
-	commit->tree = tree;
-	commit->util = desc;
+	set_merge_remote_desc(commit, comment, (struct object *)commit);
+	commit->maybe_tree = tree;
 	commit->object.parsed = 1;
 	return commit;
 }
@@ -56,15 +175,16 @@ static struct commit *make_virtual_commit(struct tree *tree, const char *comment
  * Since we use get_tree_entry(), which does not put the read object into
  * the object pool, we cannot rely on a == b.
  */
-static int sha_eq(const unsigned char *a, const unsigned char *b)
+static int oid_eq(const struct object_id *a, const struct object_id *b)
 {
 	if (!a && !b)
 		return 2;
-	return a && b && hashcmp(a, b) == 0;
+	return a && b && oidcmp(a, b) == 0;
 }
 
 enum rename_type {
 	RENAME_NORMAL = 0,
+	RENAME_VIA_DIR,
 	RENAME_DELETE,
 	RENAME_ONE_FILE_TO_ONE,
 	RENAME_ONE_FILE_TO_TWO,
@@ -90,7 +210,7 @@ struct rename_conflict_info {
 struct stage_data {
 	struct {
 		unsigned mode;
-		unsigned char sha[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 	} stages[4];
 	struct rename_conflict_info *rename_conflict_info;
 	unsigned processed:1;
@@ -134,11 +254,11 @@ static inline void setup_rename_conflict_info(enum rename_type rename_type,
 		int ostage2 = ostage1 ^ 1;
 
 		ci->ren1_other.path = pair1->one->path;
-		hashcpy(ci->ren1_other.sha1, src_entry1->stages[ostage1].sha);
+		oidcpy(&ci->ren1_other.oid, &src_entry1->stages[ostage1].oid);
 		ci->ren1_other.mode = src_entry1->stages[ostage1].mode;
 
 		ci->ren2_other.path = pair2->one->path;
-		hashcpy(ci->ren2_other.sha1, src_entry2->stages[ostage2].sha);
+		oidcpy(&ci->ren2_other.oid, &src_entry2->stages[ostage2].oid);
 		ci->ren2_other.mode = src_entry2->stages[ostage2].mode;
 	}
 }
@@ -148,14 +268,6 @@ static int show(struct merge_options *o, int v)
 	return (!o->call_depth && o->verbosity >= v) || o->verbosity >= 5;
 }
 
-static void flush_output(struct merge_options *o)
-{
-	if (o->obuf.len) {
-		fputs(o->obuf.buf, stdout);
-		strbuf_reset(&o->obuf);
-	}
-}
-
 __attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 static void output(struct merge_options *o, int v, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
@@ -177,37 +289,52 @@ static void output(struct merge_options *o, int v, const char *fmt, ...)
 
 static void output_commit_title(struct merge_options *o, struct commit *commit)
 {
-	int i;
-	flush_output(o);
-	for (i = o->call_depth; i--;)
-		fputs("  ", stdout);
-	if (commit->util)
-		printf("virtual %s\n", merge_remote_util(commit)->name);
+	struct merge_remote_desc *desc;
+
+	strbuf_addchars(&o->obuf, ' ', o->call_depth * 2);
+	desc = merge_remote_util(commit);
+	if (desc)
+		strbuf_addf(&o->obuf, "virtual %s\n", desc->name);
 	else {
-		printf("%s ", find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&o->obuf, &commit->object.oid,
+					 DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+		strbuf_addch(&o->obuf, ' ');
 		if (parse_commit(commit) != 0)
-			printf(_("(bad commit)\n"));
+			strbuf_addstr(&o->obuf, _("(bad commit)\n"));
 		else {
 			const char *title;
 			const char *msg = get_commit_buffer(commit, NULL);
 			int len = find_commit_subject(msg, &title);
 			if (len)
-				printf("%.*s\n", len, title);
+				strbuf_addf(&o->obuf, "%.*s\n", len, title);
 			unuse_commit_buffer(commit, msg);
 		}
 	}
+	flush_output(o);
 }
 
-static int add_cacheinfo(unsigned int mode, const unsigned char *sha1,
-		const char *path, int stage, int refresh, int options)
+static int add_cacheinfo(struct merge_options *o,
+			 unsigned int mode, const struct object_id *oid,
+			 const char *path, int stage, int refresh, int options)
 {
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
-	ce = make_cache_entry(mode, sha1 ? sha1 : null_sha1, path, stage,
-			      (refresh ? (CE_MATCH_REFRESH |
-					  CE_MATCH_IGNORE_MISSING) : 0 ));
+	int ret;
+
+	ce = make_cache_entry(&the_index, mode, oid ? oid : &null_oid, path, stage, 0);
 	if (!ce)
-		return error(_("addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'"), path);
-	return add_cache_entry(ce, options);
+		return err(o, _("add_cacheinfo failed for path '%s'; merge aborting."), path);
+
+	ret = add_cache_entry(ce, options);
+	if (refresh) {
+		struct cache_entry *nce;
+
+		nce = refresh_cache_entry(&the_index, ce, CE_MATCH_REFRESH | CE_MATCH_IGNORE_MISSING);
+		if (!nce)
+			return err(o, _("add_cacheinfo failed to refresh for path '%s'; merge aborting."), path);
+		if (nce != ce)
+			ret = add_cache_entry(nce, options);
+	}
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static void init_tree_desc_from_tree(struct tree_desc *desc, struct tree *tree)
@@ -216,36 +343,54 @@ static void init_tree_desc_from_tree(struct tree_desc *desc, struct tree *tree)
 	init_tree_desc(desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 }
 
-static int git_merge_trees(int index_only,
-			   struct tree *common,
-			   struct tree *head,
-			   struct tree *merge)
+static int unpack_trees_start(struct merge_options *o,
+			      struct tree *common,
+			      struct tree *head,
+			      struct tree *merge)
 {
 	int rc;
 	struct tree_desc t[3];
-	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
+	struct index_state tmp_index = { NULL };
 
-	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
-	if (index_only)
-		opts.index_only = 1;
+	memset(&o->unpack_opts, 0, sizeof(o->unpack_opts));
+	if (o->call_depth)
+		o->unpack_opts.index_only = 1;
 	else
-		opts.update = 1;
-	opts.merge = 1;
-	opts.head_idx = 2;
-	opts.fn = threeway_merge;
-	opts.src_index = &the_index;
-	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
-	setup_unpack_trees_porcelain(&opts, "merge");
+		o->unpack_opts.update = 1;
+	o->unpack_opts.merge = 1;
+	o->unpack_opts.head_idx = 2;
+	o->unpack_opts.fn = threeway_merge;
+	o->unpack_opts.src_index = &the_index;
+	o->unpack_opts.dst_index = &tmp_index;
+	o->unpack_opts.aggressive = !merge_detect_rename(o);
+	setup_unpack_trees_porcelain(&o->unpack_opts, "merge");
 
 	init_tree_desc_from_tree(t+0, common);
 	init_tree_desc_from_tree(t+1, head);
 	init_tree_desc_from_tree(t+2, merge);
 
-	rc = unpack_trees(3, t, &opts);
+	rc = unpack_trees(3, t, &o->unpack_opts);
 	cache_tree_free(&active_cache_tree);
+
+	/*
+	 * Update the_index to match the new results, AFTER saving a copy
+	 * in o->orig_index.  Update src_index to point to the saved copy.
+	 * (verify_uptodate() checks src_index, and the original index is
+	 * the one that had the necessary modification timestamps.)
+	 */
+	o->orig_index = the_index;
+	the_index = tmp_index;
+	o->unpack_opts.src_index = &o->orig_index;
+
 	return rc;
 }
 
+static void unpack_trees_finish(struct merge_options *o)
+{
+	discard_index(&o->orig_index);
+	clear_unpack_trees_porcelain(&o->unpack_opts);
+}
+
 struct tree *write_tree_from_memory(struct merge_options *o)
 {
 	struct tree *result = NULL;
@@ -259,48 +404,61 @@ struct tree *write_tree_from_memory(struct merge_options *o)
 				fprintf(stderr, "BUG: %d %.*s\n", ce_stage(ce),
 					(int)ce_namelen(ce), ce->name);
 		}
-		die("Bug in merge-recursive.c");
+		BUG("unmerged index entries in merge-recursive.c");
 	}
 
 	if (!active_cache_tree)
 		active_cache_tree = cache_tree();
 
 	if (!cache_tree_fully_valid(active_cache_tree) &&
-	    cache_tree_update(&the_index, 0) < 0)
-		die(_("error building trees"));
+	    cache_tree_update(&the_index, 0) < 0) {
+		err(o, _("error building trees"));
+		return NULL;
+	}
 
-	result = lookup_tree(active_cache_tree->sha1);
+	result = lookup_tree(the_repository, &active_cache_tree->oid);
 
 	return result;
 }
 
-static int save_files_dirs(const unsigned char *sha1,
-		struct strbuf *base, const char *path,
-		unsigned int mode, int stage, void *context)
+static int save_files_dirs(const struct object_id *oid,
+			   struct strbuf *base, const char *path,
+			   unsigned int mode, int stage, void *context)
 {
+	struct path_hashmap_entry *entry;
 	int baselen = base->len;
 	struct merge_options *o = context;
 
 	strbuf_addstr(base, path);
 
-	if (S_ISDIR(mode))
-		string_list_insert(&o->current_directory_set, base->buf);
-	else
-		string_list_insert(&o->current_file_set, base->buf);
+	FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(entry, path, base->buf, base->len);
+	hashmap_entry_init(entry, path_hash(entry->path));
+	hashmap_add(&o->current_file_dir_set, entry);
 
 	strbuf_setlen(base, baselen);
 	return (S_ISDIR(mode) ? READ_TREE_RECURSIVE : 0);
 }
 
-static int get_files_dirs(struct merge_options *o, struct tree *tree)
+static void get_files_dirs(struct merge_options *o, struct tree *tree)
 {
-	int n;
 	struct pathspec match_all;
 	memset(&match_all, 0, sizeof(match_all));
-	if (read_tree_recursive(tree, "", 0, 0, &match_all, save_files_dirs, o))
-		return 0;
-	n = o->current_file_set.nr + o->current_directory_set.nr;
-	return n;
+	read_tree_recursive(tree, "", 0, 0, &match_all, save_files_dirs, o);
+}
+
+static int get_tree_entry_if_blob(const struct object_id *tree,
+				  const char *path,
+				  struct object_id *hashy,
+				  unsigned int *mode_o)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = get_tree_entry(tree, path, hashy, mode_o);
+	if (S_ISDIR(*mode_o)) {
+		oidcpy(hashy, &null_oid);
+		*mode_o = 0;
+	}
+	return ret;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -313,12 +471,12 @@ static struct stage_data *insert_stage_data(const char *path,
 {
 	struct string_list_item *item;
 	struct stage_data *e = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct stage_data));
-	get_tree_entry(o->object.sha1, path,
-			e->stages[1].sha, &e->stages[1].mode);
-	get_tree_entry(a->object.sha1, path,
-			e->stages[2].sha, &e->stages[2].mode);
-	get_tree_entry(b->object.sha1, path,
-			e->stages[3].sha, &e->stages[3].mode);
+	get_tree_entry_if_blob(&o->object.oid, path,
+			       &e->stages[1].oid, &e->stages[1].mode);
+	get_tree_entry_if_blob(&a->object.oid, path,
+			       &e->stages[2].oid, &e->stages[2].mode);
+	get_tree_entry_if_blob(&b->object.oid, path,
+			       &e->stages[3].oid, &e->stages[3].mode);
 	item = string_list_insert(entries, path);
 	item->util = e;
 	return e;
@@ -349,18 +507,16 @@ static struct string_list *get_unmerged(void)
 		}
 		e = item->util;
 		e->stages[ce_stage(ce)].mode = ce->ce_mode;
-		hashcpy(e->stages[ce_stage(ce)].sha, ce->sha1);
+		oidcpy(&e->stages[ce_stage(ce)].oid, &ce->oid);
 	}
 
 	return unmerged;
 }
 
-static int string_list_df_name_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
+static int string_list_df_name_compare(const char *one, const char *two)
 {
-	const struct string_list_item *one = a;
-	const struct string_list_item *two = b;
-	int onelen = strlen(one->string);
-	int twolen = strlen(two->string);
+	int onelen = strlen(one);
+	int twolen = strlen(two);
 	/*
 	 * Here we only care that entries for D/F conflicts are
 	 * adjacent, in particular with the file of the D/F conflict
@@ -373,8 +529,8 @@ static int string_list_df_name_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
 	 * since in other cases any changes in their order due to
 	 * sorting cause no problems for us.
 	 */
-	int cmp = df_name_compare(one->string, onelen, S_IFDIR,
-				  two->string, twolen, S_IFDIR);
+	int cmp = df_name_compare(one, onelen, S_IFDIR,
+				  two, twolen, S_IFDIR);
 	/*
 	 * Now that 'foo' and 'foo/bar' compare equal, we have to make sure
 	 * that 'foo' comes before 'foo/bar'.
@@ -388,7 +544,7 @@ static void record_df_conflict_files(struct merge_options *o,
 				     struct string_list *entries)
 {
 	/* If there is a D/F conflict and the file for such a conflict
-	 * currently exist in the working tree, we want to allow it to be
+	 * currently exists in the working tree, we want to allow it to be
 	 * removed to make room for the corresponding directory if needed.
 	 * The files underneath the directories of such D/F conflicts will
 	 * be processed before the corresponding file involved in the D/F
@@ -400,7 +556,7 @@ static void record_df_conflict_files(struct merge_options *o,
 	 * and the file need to be present, then the D/F file will be
 	 * reinstated with a new unique name at the time it is processed.
 	 */
-	struct string_list df_sorted_entries;
+	struct string_list df_sorted_entries = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	const char *last_file = NULL;
 	int last_len = 0;
 	int i;
@@ -413,14 +569,13 @@ static void record_df_conflict_files(struct merge_options *o,
 		return;
 
 	/* Ensure D/F conflicts are adjacent in the entries list. */
-	memset(&df_sorted_entries, 0, sizeof(struct string_list));
 	for (i = 0; i < entries->nr; i++) {
 		struct string_list_item *next = &entries->items[i];
 		string_list_append(&df_sorted_entries, next->string)->util =
 				   next->util;
 	}
-	qsort(df_sorted_entries.items, entries->nr, sizeof(*entries->items),
-	      string_list_df_name_compare);
+	df_sorted_entries.cmp = string_list_df_name_compare;
+	string_list_sort(&df_sorted_entries);
 
 	string_list_clear(&o->df_conflict_file_set, 1);
 	for (i = 0; i < df_sorted_entries.nr; i++) {
@@ -459,78 +614,33 @@ static void record_df_conflict_files(struct merge_options *o,
 
 struct rename {
 	struct diff_filepair *pair;
+	/*
+	 * Purpose of src_entry and dst_entry:
+	 *
+	 * If 'before' is renamed to 'after' then src_entry will contain
+	 * the versions of 'before' from the merge_base, HEAD, and MERGE in
+	 * stages 1, 2, and 3; dst_entry will contain the respective
+	 * versions of 'after' in corresponding locations.  Thus, we have a
+	 * total of six modes and oids, though some will be null.  (Stage 0
+	 * is ignored; we're interested in handling conflicts.)
+	 *
+	 * Since we don't turn on break-rewrites by default, neither
+	 * src_entry nor dst_entry can have all three of their stages have
+	 * non-null oids, meaning at most four of the six will be non-null.
+	 * Also, since this is a rename, both src_entry and dst_entry will
+	 * have at least one non-null oid, meaning at least two will be
+	 * non-null.  Of the six oids, a typical rename will have three be
+	 * non-null.  Only two implies a rename/delete, and four implies a
+	 * rename/add.
+	 */
 	struct stage_data *src_entry;
 	struct stage_data *dst_entry;
+	unsigned add_turned_into_rename:1;
 	unsigned processed:1;
 };
 
-/*
- * Get information of all renames which occurred between 'o_tree' and
- * 'tree'. We need the three trees in the merge ('o_tree', 'a_tree' and
- * 'b_tree') to be able to associate the correct cache entries with
- * the rename information. 'tree' is always equal to either a_tree or b_tree.
- */
-static struct string_list *get_renames(struct merge_options *o,
-				       struct tree *tree,
-				       struct tree *o_tree,
-				       struct tree *a_tree,
-				       struct tree *b_tree,
-				       struct string_list *entries)
-{
-	int i;
-	struct string_list *renames;
-	struct diff_options opts;
-
-	renames = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
-	diff_setup(&opts);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&opts, RECURSIVE);
-	DIFF_OPT_CLR(&opts, RENAME_EMPTY);
-	opts.detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
-	opts.rename_limit = o->merge_rename_limit >= 0 ? o->merge_rename_limit :
-			    o->diff_rename_limit >= 0 ? o->diff_rename_limit :
-			    1000;
-	opts.rename_score = o->rename_score;
-	opts.show_rename_progress = o->show_rename_progress;
-	opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
-	diff_setup_done(&opts);
-	diff_tree_sha1(o_tree->object.sha1, tree->object.sha1, "", &opts);
-	diffcore_std(&opts);
-	if (opts.needed_rename_limit > o->needed_rename_limit)
-		o->needed_rename_limit = opts.needed_rename_limit;
-	for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; ++i) {
-		struct string_list_item *item;
-		struct rename *re;
-		struct diff_filepair *pair = diff_queued_diff.queue[i];
-		if (pair->status != 'R') {
-			diff_free_filepair(pair);
-			continue;
-		}
-		re = xmalloc(sizeof(*re));
-		re->processed = 0;
-		re->pair = pair;
-		item = string_list_lookup(entries, re->pair->one->path);
-		if (!item)
-			re->src_entry = insert_stage_data(re->pair->one->path,
-					o_tree, a_tree, b_tree, entries);
-		else
-			re->src_entry = item->util;
-
-		item = string_list_lookup(entries, re->pair->two->path);
-		if (!item)
-			re->dst_entry = insert_stage_data(re->pair->two->path,
-					o_tree, a_tree, b_tree, entries);
-		else
-			re->dst_entry = item->util;
-		item = string_list_insert(renames, pair->one->path);
-		item->util = re;
-	}
-	opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
-	diff_queued_diff.nr = 0;
-	diff_flush(&opts);
-	return renames;
-}
-
-static int update_stages(const char *path, const struct diff_filespec *o,
+static int update_stages(struct merge_options *opt, const char *path,
+			 const struct diff_filespec *o,
 			 const struct diff_filespec *a,
 			 const struct diff_filespec *b)
 {
@@ -549,17 +659,38 @@ static int update_stages(const char *path, const struct diff_filespec *o,
 		if (remove_file_from_cache(path))
 			return -1;
 	if (o)
-		if (add_cacheinfo(o->mode, o->sha1, path, 1, 0, options))
+		if (add_cacheinfo(opt, o->mode, &o->oid, path, 1, 0, options))
 			return -1;
 	if (a)
-		if (add_cacheinfo(a->mode, a->sha1, path, 2, 0, options))
+		if (add_cacheinfo(opt, a->mode, &a->oid, path, 2, 0, options))
 			return -1;
 	if (b)
-		if (add_cacheinfo(b->mode, b->sha1, path, 3, 0, options))
+		if (add_cacheinfo(opt, b->mode, &b->oid, path, 3, 0, options))
 			return -1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int update_stages_for_stage_data(struct merge_options *opt,
+					const char *path,
+					const struct stage_data *stage_data)
+{
+	struct diff_filespec o, a, b;
+
+	o.mode = stage_data->stages[1].mode;
+	oidcpy(&o.oid, &stage_data->stages[1].oid);
+
+	a.mode = stage_data->stages[2].mode;
+	oidcpy(&a.oid, &stage_data->stages[2].oid);
+
+	b.mode = stage_data->stages[3].mode;
+	oidcpy(&b.oid, &stage_data->stages[3].oid);
+
+	return update_stages(opt, path,
+			     is_null_oid(&o.oid) ? NULL : &o,
+			     is_null_oid(&a.oid) ? NULL : &a,
+			     is_null_oid(&b.oid) ? NULL : &b);
+}
+
 static void update_entry(struct stage_data *entry,
 			 struct diff_filespec *o,
 			 struct diff_filespec *a,
@@ -569,9 +700,9 @@ static void update_entry(struct stage_data *entry,
 	entry->stages[1].mode = o->mode;
 	entry->stages[2].mode = a->mode;
 	entry->stages[3].mode = b->mode;
-	hashcpy(entry->stages[1].sha, o->sha1);
-	hashcpy(entry->stages[2].sha, a->sha1);
-	hashcpy(entry->stages[3].sha, b->sha1);
+	oidcpy(&entry->stages[1].oid, &o->oid);
+	oidcpy(&entry->stages[2].oid, &a->oid);
+	oidcpy(&entry->stages[3].oid, &b->oid);
 }
 
 static int remove_file(struct merge_options *o, int clean,
@@ -588,7 +719,7 @@ static int remove_file(struct merge_options *o, int clean,
 		if (ignore_case) {
 			struct cache_entry *ce;
 			ce = cache_file_exists(path, strlen(path), ignore_case);
-			if (ce && ce_stage(ce) == 0)
+			if (ce && ce_stage(ce) == 0 && strcmp(path, ce->name))
 				return 0;
 		}
 		if (remove_path(path))
@@ -609,52 +740,110 @@ static void add_flattened_path(struct strbuf *out, const char *s)
 
 static char *unique_path(struct merge_options *o, const char *path, const char *branch)
 {
+	struct path_hashmap_entry *entry;
 	struct strbuf newpath = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int suffix = 0;
-	struct stat st;
 	size_t base_len;
 
 	strbuf_addf(&newpath, "%s~", path);
 	add_flattened_path(&newpath, branch);
 
 	base_len = newpath.len;
-	while (string_list_has_string(&o->current_file_set, newpath.buf) ||
-	       string_list_has_string(&o->current_directory_set, newpath.buf) ||
-	       lstat(newpath.buf, &st) == 0) {
+	while (hashmap_get_from_hash(&o->current_file_dir_set,
+				     path_hash(newpath.buf), newpath.buf) ||
+	       (!o->call_depth && file_exists(newpath.buf))) {
 		strbuf_setlen(&newpath, base_len);
 		strbuf_addf(&newpath, "_%d", suffix++);
 	}
 
-	string_list_insert(&o->current_file_set, newpath.buf);
+	FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(entry, path, newpath.buf, newpath.len);
+	hashmap_entry_init(entry, path_hash(entry->path));
+	hashmap_add(&o->current_file_dir_set, entry);
 	return strbuf_detach(&newpath, NULL);
 }
 
-static int dir_in_way(const char *path, int check_working_copy)
+/**
+ * Check whether a directory in the index is in the way of an incoming
+ * file.  Return 1 if so.  If check_working_copy is non-zero, also
+ * check the working directory.  If empty_ok is non-zero, also return
+ * 0 in the case where the working-tree dir exists but is empty.
+ */
+static int dir_in_way(const char *path, int check_working_copy, int empty_ok)
 {
-	int pos, pathlen = strlen(path);
-	char *dirpath = xmalloc(pathlen + 2);
+	int pos;
+	struct strbuf dirpath = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct stat st;
 
-	strcpy(dirpath, path);
-	dirpath[pathlen] = '/';
-	dirpath[pathlen+1] = '\0';
+	strbuf_addstr(&dirpath, path);
+	strbuf_addch(&dirpath, '/');
 
-	pos = cache_name_pos(dirpath, pathlen+1);
+	pos = cache_name_pos(dirpath.buf, dirpath.len);
 
 	if (pos < 0)
 		pos = -1 - pos;
 	if (pos < active_nr &&
-	    !strncmp(dirpath, active_cache[pos]->name, pathlen+1)) {
-		free(dirpath);
+	    !strncmp(dirpath.buf, active_cache[pos]->name, dirpath.len)) {
+		strbuf_release(&dirpath);
 		return 1;
 	}
 
-	free(dirpath);
-	return check_working_copy && !lstat(path, &st) && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
+	strbuf_release(&dirpath);
+	return check_working_copy && !lstat(path, &st) && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) &&
+		!(empty_ok && is_empty_dir(path));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns whether path was tracked in the index before the merge started,
+ * and its oid and mode match the specified values
+ */
+static int was_tracked_and_matches(struct merge_options *o, const char *path,
+				   const struct object_id *oid, unsigned mode)
+{
+	int pos = index_name_pos(&o->orig_index, path, strlen(path));
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+
+	if (0 > pos)
+		/* we were not tracking this path before the merge */
+		return 0;
+
+	/* See if the file we were tracking before matches */
+	ce = o->orig_index.cache[pos];
+	return (oid_eq(&ce->oid, oid) && ce->ce_mode == mode);
 }
 
-static int was_tracked(const char *path)
+/*
+ * Returns whether path was tracked in the index before the merge started
+ */
+static int was_tracked(struct merge_options *o, const char *path)
 {
+	int pos = index_name_pos(&o->orig_index, path, strlen(path));
+
+	if (0 <= pos)
+		/* we were tracking this path before the merge */
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int would_lose_untracked(const char *path)
+{
+	/*
+	 * This may look like it can be simplified to:
+	 *   return !was_tracked(o, path) && file_exists(path)
+	 * but it can't.  This function needs to know whether path was in
+	 * the working tree due to EITHER having been tracked in the index
+	 * before the merge OR having been put into the working copy and
+	 * index by unpack_trees().  Due to that either-or requirement, we
+	 * check the current index instead of the original one.
+	 *
+	 * Note that we do not need to worry about merge-recursive itself
+	 * updating the index after unpack_trees() and before calling this
+	 * function, because we strictly require all code paths in
+	 * merge-recursive to update the working tree first and the index
+	 * second.  Doing otherwise would break
+	 * update_file()/would_lose_untracked(); see every comment in this
+	 * file which mentions "update_stages".
+	 */
 	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
 
 	if (pos < 0)
@@ -670,16 +859,25 @@ static int was_tracked(const char *path)
 		switch (ce_stage(active_cache[pos])) {
 		case 0:
 		case 2:
-			return 1;
+			return 0;
 		}
 		pos++;
 	}
-	return 0;
+	return file_exists(path);
 }
 
-static int would_lose_untracked(const char *path)
+static int was_dirty(struct merge_options *o, const char *path)
 {
-	return !was_tracked(path) && file_exists(path);
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+	int dirty = 1;
+
+	if (o->call_depth || !was_tracked(o, path))
+		return !dirty;
+
+	ce = index_file_exists(o->unpack_opts.src_index,
+			       path, strlen(path), ignore_case);
+	dirty = verify_uptodate(ce, &o->unpack_opts) != 0;
+	return dirty;
 }
 
 static int make_room_for_path(struct merge_options *o, const char *path)
@@ -708,12 +906,10 @@ static int make_room_for_path(struct merge_options *o, const char *path)
 	/* Make sure leading directories are created */
 	status = safe_create_leading_directories_const(path);
 	if (status) {
-		if (status == SCLD_EXISTS) {
+		if (status == SCLD_EXISTS)
 			/* something else exists */
-			error(msg, path, _(": perhaps a D/F conflict?"));
-			return -1;
-		}
-		die(msg, path, "");
+			return err(o, msg, path, _(": perhaps a D/F conflict?"));
+		return err(o, msg, path, "");
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -721,8 +917,8 @@ static int make_room_for_path(struct merge_options *o, const char *path)
 	 * tracking it.
 	 */
 	if (would_lose_untracked(path))
-		return error(_("refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"),
-			     path);
+		return err(o, _("refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"),
+			   path);
 
 	/* Successful unlink is good.. */
 	if (!unlink(path))
@@ -731,16 +927,18 @@ static int make_room_for_path(struct merge_options *o, const char *path)
 	if (errno == ENOENT)
 		return 0;
 	/* .. but not some other error (who really cares what?) */
-	return error(msg, path, _(": perhaps a D/F conflict?"));
+	return err(o, msg, path, _(": perhaps a D/F conflict?"));
 }
 
-static void update_file_flags(struct merge_options *o,
-			      const unsigned char *sha,
-			      unsigned mode,
-			      const char *path,
-			      int update_cache,
-			      int update_wd)
+static int update_file_flags(struct merge_options *o,
+			     const struct object_id *oid,
+			     unsigned mode,
+			     const char *path,
+			     int update_cache,
+			     int update_wd)
 {
+	int ret = 0;
+
 	if (o->call_depth)
 		update_wd = 0;
 
@@ -759,14 +957,16 @@ static void update_file_flags(struct merge_options *o,
 			goto update_index;
 		}
 
-		buf = read_sha1_file(sha, &type, &size);
+		buf = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
 		if (!buf)
-			die(_("cannot read object %s '%s'"), sha1_to_hex(sha), path);
-		if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
-			die(_("blob expected for %s '%s'"), sha1_to_hex(sha), path);
+			return err(o, _("cannot read object %s '%s'"), oid_to_hex(oid), path);
+		if (type != OBJ_BLOB) {
+			ret = err(o, _("blob expected for %s '%s'"), oid_to_hex(oid), path);
+			goto free_buf;
+		}
 		if (S_ISREG(mode)) {
 			struct strbuf strbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-			if (convert_to_working_tree(path, buf, size, &strbuf)) {
+			if (convert_to_working_tree(&the_index, path, buf, size, &strbuf)) {
 				free(buf);
 				size = strbuf.len;
 				buf = strbuf_detach(&strbuf, NULL);
@@ -775,8 +975,7 @@ static void update_file_flags(struct merge_options *o,
 
 		if (make_room_for_path(o, path) < 0) {
 			update_wd = 0;
-			free(buf);
-			goto update_index;
+			goto free_buf;
 		}
 		if (S_ISREG(mode) || (!has_symlinks && S_ISLNK(mode))) {
 			int fd;
@@ -785,8 +984,11 @@ static void update_file_flags(struct merge_options *o,
 			else
 				mode = 0666;
 			fd = open(path, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_CREAT, mode);
-			if (fd < 0)
-				die_errno(_("failed to open '%s'"), path);
+			if (fd < 0) {
+				ret = err(o, _("failed to open '%s': %s"),
+					  path, strerror(errno));
+				goto free_buf;
+			}
 			write_in_full(fd, buf, size);
 			close(fd);
 		} else if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
@@ -794,31 +996,37 @@ static void update_file_flags(struct merge_options *o,
 			safe_create_leading_directories_const(path);
 			unlink(path);
 			if (symlink(lnk, path))
-				die_errno(_("failed to symlink '%s'"), path);
+				ret = err(o, _("failed to symlink '%s': %s"),
+					  path, strerror(errno));
 			free(lnk);
 		} else
-			die(_("do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"),
-			    mode, sha1_to_hex(sha), path);
+			ret = err(o,
+				  _("do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"),
+				  mode, oid_to_hex(oid), path);
+	free_buf:
 		free(buf);
 	}
- update_index:
-	if (update_cache)
-		add_cacheinfo(mode, sha, path, 0, update_wd, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD);
+update_index:
+	if (!ret && update_cache)
+		if (add_cacheinfo(o, mode, oid, path, 0, update_wd,
+				  ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD))
+			return -1;
+	return ret;
 }
 
-static void update_file(struct merge_options *o,
-			int clean,
-			const unsigned char *sha,
-			unsigned mode,
-			const char *path)
+static int update_file(struct merge_options *o,
+		       int clean,
+		       const struct object_id *oid,
+		       unsigned mode,
+		       const char *path)
 {
-	update_file_flags(o, sha, mode, path, o->call_depth || clean, !o->call_depth);
+	return update_file_flags(o, oid, mode, path, o->call_depth || clean, !o->call_depth);
 }
 
 /* Low level file merging, update and removal */
 
 struct merge_file_info {
-	unsigned char sha[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	unsigned mode;
 	unsigned clean:1,
 		 merge:1;
@@ -870,9 +1078,9 @@ static int merge_3way(struct merge_options *o,
 		name2 = mkpathdup("%s", branch2);
 	}
 
-	read_mmblob(&orig, one->sha1);
-	read_mmblob(&src1, a->sha1);
-	read_mmblob(&src2, b->sha1);
+	read_mmblob(&orig, &one->oid);
+	read_mmblob(&src1, &a->oid);
+	read_mmblob(&src2, &b->oid);
 
 	merge_status = ll_merge(result_buf, a->path, &orig, base_name,
 				&src1, name1, &src2, name2, &ll_opts);
@@ -886,138 +1094,381 @@ static int merge_3way(struct merge_options *o,
 	return merge_status;
 }
 
-static struct merge_file_info merge_file_1(struct merge_options *o,
-					   const struct diff_filespec *one,
-					   const struct diff_filespec *a,
-					   const struct diff_filespec *b,
-					   const char *branch1,
-					   const char *branch2)
+static int find_first_merges(struct object_array *result, const char *path,
+			     struct commit *a, struct commit *b)
+{
+	int i, j;
+	struct object_array merges = OBJECT_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	int contains_another;
+
+	char merged_revision[42];
+	const char *rev_args[] = { "rev-list", "--merges", "--ancestry-path",
+				   "--all", merged_revision, NULL };
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	struct setup_revision_opt rev_opts;
+
+	memset(result, 0, sizeof(struct object_array));
+	memset(&rev_opts, 0, sizeof(rev_opts));
+
+	/* get all revisions that merge commit a */
+	xsnprintf(merged_revision, sizeof(merged_revision), "^%s",
+		  oid_to_hex(&a->object.oid));
+	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
+	rev_opts.submodule = path;
+	/* FIXME: can't handle linked worktrees in submodules yet */
+	revs.single_worktree = path != NULL;
+	setup_revisions(ARRAY_SIZE(rev_args)-1, rev_args, &revs, &rev_opts);
+
+	/* save all revisions from the above list that contain b */
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
+	while ((commit = get_revision(&revs)) != NULL) {
+		struct object *o = &(commit->object);
+		if (in_merge_bases(b, commit))
+			add_object_array(o, NULL, &merges);
+	}
+	reset_revision_walk();
+
+	/* Now we've got all merges that contain a and b. Prune all
+	 * merges that contain another found merge and save them in
+	 * result.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < merges.nr; i++) {
+		struct commit *m1 = (struct commit *) merges.objects[i].item;
+
+		contains_another = 0;
+		for (j = 0; j < merges.nr; j++) {
+			struct commit *m2 = (struct commit *) merges.objects[j].item;
+			if (i != j && in_merge_bases(m2, m1)) {
+				contains_another = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (!contains_another)
+			add_object_array(merges.objects[i].item, NULL, result);
+	}
+
+	object_array_clear(&merges);
+	return result->nr;
+}
+
+static void print_commit(struct commit *commit)
 {
-	struct merge_file_info result;
-	result.merge = 0;
-	result.clean = 1;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+	ctx.date_mode.type = DATE_NORMAL;
+	format_commit_message(commit, " %h: %m %s", &sb, &ctx);
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", sb.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+static int merge_submodule(struct merge_options *o,
+			   struct object_id *result, const char *path,
+			   const struct object_id *base, const struct object_id *a,
+			   const struct object_id *b)
+{
+	struct commit *commit_base, *commit_a, *commit_b;
+	int parent_count;
+	struct object_array merges;
+
+	int i;
+	int search = !o->call_depth;
+
+	/* store a in result in case we fail */
+	oidcpy(result, a);
+
+	/* we can not handle deletion conflicts */
+	if (is_null_oid(base))
+		return 0;
+	if (is_null_oid(a))
+		return 0;
+	if (is_null_oid(b))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (add_submodule_odb(path)) {
+		output(o, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (not checked out)"), path);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!(commit_base = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, base)) ||
+	    !(commit_a = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, a)) ||
+	    !(commit_b = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, b))) {
+		output(o, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (commits not present)"), path);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* check whether both changes are forward */
+	if (!in_merge_bases(commit_base, commit_a) ||
+	    !in_merge_bases(commit_base, commit_b)) {
+		output(o, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (commits don't follow merge-base)"), path);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Case #1: a is contained in b or vice versa */
+	if (in_merge_bases(commit_a, commit_b)) {
+		oidcpy(result, b);
+		if (show(o, 3)) {
+			output(o, 3, _("Fast-forwarding submodule %s to the following commit:"), path);
+			output_commit_title(o, commit_b);
+		} else if (show(o, 2))
+			output(o, 2, _("Fast-forwarding submodule %s"), path);
+		else
+			; /* no output */
+
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (in_merge_bases(commit_b, commit_a)) {
+		oidcpy(result, a);
+		if (show(o, 3)) {
+			output(o, 3, _("Fast-forwarding submodule %s to the following commit:"), path);
+			output_commit_title(o, commit_a);
+		} else if (show(o, 2))
+			output(o, 2, _("Fast-forwarding submodule %s"), path);
+		else
+			; /* no output */
+
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Case #2: There are one or more merges that contain a and b in
+	 * the submodule. If there is only one, then present it as a
+	 * suggestion to the user, but leave it marked unmerged so the
+	 * user needs to confirm the resolution.
+	 */
+
+	/* Skip the search if makes no sense to the calling context.  */
+	if (!search)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* find commit which merges them */
+	parent_count = find_first_merges(&merges, path, commit_a, commit_b);
+	switch (parent_count) {
+	case 0:
+		output(o, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (merge following commits not found)"), path);
+		break;
+
+	case 1:
+		output(o, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (not fast-forward)"), path);
+		output(o, 2, _("Found a possible merge resolution for the submodule:\n"));
+		print_commit((struct commit *) merges.objects[0].item);
+		output(o, 2, _(
+		       "If this is correct simply add it to the index "
+		       "for example\n"
+		       "by using:\n\n"
+		       "  git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n\n"
+		       "which will accept this suggestion.\n"),
+		       oid_to_hex(&merges.objects[0].item->oid), path);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		output(o, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (multiple merges found)"), path);
+		for (i = 0; i < merges.nr; i++)
+			print_commit((struct commit *) merges.objects[i].item);
+	}
+
+	object_array_clear(&merges);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int merge_file_1(struct merge_options *o,
+			const struct diff_filespec *one,
+			const struct diff_filespec *a,
+			const struct diff_filespec *b,
+			const char *filename,
+			const char *branch1,
+			const char *branch2,
+			struct merge_file_info *result)
+{
+	result->merge = 0;
+	result->clean = 1;
 
 	if ((S_IFMT & a->mode) != (S_IFMT & b->mode)) {
-		result.clean = 0;
+		result->clean = 0;
 		if (S_ISREG(a->mode)) {
-			result.mode = a->mode;
-			hashcpy(result.sha, a->sha1);
+			result->mode = a->mode;
+			oidcpy(&result->oid, &a->oid);
 		} else {
-			result.mode = b->mode;
-			hashcpy(result.sha, b->sha1);
+			result->mode = b->mode;
+			oidcpy(&result->oid, &b->oid);
 		}
 	} else {
-		if (!sha_eq(a->sha1, one->sha1) && !sha_eq(b->sha1, one->sha1))
-			result.merge = 1;
+		if (!oid_eq(&a->oid, &one->oid) && !oid_eq(&b->oid, &one->oid))
+			result->merge = 1;
 
 		/*
 		 * Merge modes
 		 */
 		if (a->mode == b->mode || a->mode == one->mode)
-			result.mode = b->mode;
+			result->mode = b->mode;
 		else {
-			result.mode = a->mode;
+			result->mode = a->mode;
 			if (b->mode != one->mode) {
-				result.clean = 0;
-				result.merge = 1;
+				result->clean = 0;
+				result->merge = 1;
 			}
 		}
 
-		if (sha_eq(a->sha1, b->sha1) || sha_eq(a->sha1, one->sha1))
-			hashcpy(result.sha, b->sha1);
-		else if (sha_eq(b->sha1, one->sha1))
-			hashcpy(result.sha, a->sha1);
+		if (oid_eq(&a->oid, &b->oid) || oid_eq(&a->oid, &one->oid))
+			oidcpy(&result->oid, &b->oid);
+		else if (oid_eq(&b->oid, &one->oid))
+			oidcpy(&result->oid, &a->oid);
 		else if (S_ISREG(a->mode)) {
 			mmbuffer_t result_buf;
-			int merge_status;
+			int ret = 0, merge_status;
 
 			merge_status = merge_3way(o, &result_buf, one, a, b,
 						  branch1, branch2);
 
 			if ((merge_status < 0) || !result_buf.ptr)
-				die(_("Failed to execute internal merge"));
+				ret = err(o, _("Failed to execute internal merge"));
 
-			if (write_sha1_file(result_buf.ptr, result_buf.size,
-					    blob_type, result.sha))
-				die(_("Unable to add %s to database"),
-				    a->path);
+			if (!ret &&
+			    write_object_file(result_buf.ptr, result_buf.size,
+					      blob_type, &result->oid))
+				ret = err(o, _("Unable to add %s to database"),
+					  a->path);
 
 			free(result_buf.ptr);
-			result.clean = (merge_status == 0);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+			result->clean = (merge_status == 0);
 		} else if (S_ISGITLINK(a->mode)) {
-			result.clean = merge_submodule(result.sha,
-						       one->path, one->sha1,
-						       a->sha1, b->sha1,
-						       !o->call_depth);
+			result->clean = merge_submodule(o, &result->oid,
+							one->path,
+							&one->oid,
+							&a->oid,
+							&b->oid);
 		} else if (S_ISLNK(a->mode)) {
-			hashcpy(result.sha, a->sha1);
-
-			if (!sha_eq(a->sha1, b->sha1))
-				result.clean = 0;
-		} else {
-			die(_("unsupported object type in the tree"));
-		}
+			switch (o->recursive_variant) {
+			case MERGE_RECURSIVE_NORMAL:
+				oidcpy(&result->oid, &a->oid);
+				if (!oid_eq(&a->oid, &b->oid))
+					result->clean = 0;
+				break;
+			case MERGE_RECURSIVE_OURS:
+				oidcpy(&result->oid, &a->oid);
+				break;
+			case MERGE_RECURSIVE_THEIRS:
+				oidcpy(&result->oid, &b->oid);
+				break;
+			}
+		} else
+			BUG("unsupported object type in the tree");
 	}
 
-	return result;
+	if (result->merge)
+		output(o, 2, _("Auto-merging %s"), filename);
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static struct merge_file_info
-merge_file_special_markers(struct merge_options *o,
-			   const struct diff_filespec *one,
-			   const struct diff_filespec *a,
-			   const struct diff_filespec *b,
-			   const char *branch1,
-			   const char *filename1,
-			   const char *branch2,
-			   const char *filename2)
+static int merge_file_special_markers(struct merge_options *o,
+				      const struct diff_filespec *one,
+				      const struct diff_filespec *a,
+				      const struct diff_filespec *b,
+				      const char *target_filename,
+				      const char *branch1,
+				      const char *filename1,
+				      const char *branch2,
+				      const char *filename2,
+				      struct merge_file_info *mfi)
 {
 	char *side1 = NULL;
 	char *side2 = NULL;
-	struct merge_file_info mfi;
+	int ret;
 
 	if (filename1)
 		side1 = xstrfmt("%s:%s", branch1, filename1);
 	if (filename2)
 		side2 = xstrfmt("%s:%s", branch2, filename2);
 
-	mfi = merge_file_1(o, one, a, b,
-			   side1 ? side1 : branch1, side2 ? side2 : branch2);
+	ret = merge_file_1(o, one, a, b, target_filename,
+			   side1 ? side1 : branch1,
+			   side2 ? side2 : branch2, mfi);
+
 	free(side1);
 	free(side2);
-	return mfi;
+	return ret;
 }
 
-static struct merge_file_info merge_file_one(struct merge_options *o,
-					 const char *path,
-					 const unsigned char *o_sha, int o_mode,
-					 const unsigned char *a_sha, int a_mode,
-					 const unsigned char *b_sha, int b_mode,
-					 const char *branch1,
-					 const char *branch2)
+static int merge_file_one(struct merge_options *o,
+			  const char *path,
+			  const struct object_id *o_oid, int o_mode,
+			  const struct object_id *a_oid, int a_mode,
+			  const struct object_id *b_oid, int b_mode,
+			  const char *branch1,
+			  const char *branch2,
+			  struct merge_file_info *mfi)
 {
 	struct diff_filespec one, a, b;
 
 	one.path = a.path = b.path = (char *)path;
-	hashcpy(one.sha1, o_sha);
+	oidcpy(&one.oid, o_oid);
 	one.mode = o_mode;
-	hashcpy(a.sha1, a_sha);
+	oidcpy(&a.oid, a_oid);
 	a.mode = a_mode;
-	hashcpy(b.sha1, b_sha);
+	oidcpy(&b.oid, b_oid);
 	b.mode = b_mode;
-	return merge_file_1(o, &one, &a, &b, branch1, branch2);
+	return merge_file_1(o, &one, &a, &b, path, branch1, branch2, mfi);
+}
+
+static int handle_rename_via_dir(struct merge_options *o,
+				 struct diff_filepair *pair,
+				 const char *rename_branch,
+				 const char *other_branch)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Handle file adds that need to be renamed due to directory rename
+	 * detection.  This differs from handle_rename_normal, because
+	 * there is no content merge to do; just move the file into the
+	 * desired final location.
+	 */
+	const struct diff_filespec *dest = pair->two;
+
+	if (!o->call_depth && would_lose_untracked(dest->path)) {
+		char *alt_path = unique_path(o, dest->path, rename_branch);
+
+		output(o, 1, _("Error: Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; "
+			       "writing to %s instead."),
+		       dest->path, alt_path);
+		/*
+		 * Write the file in worktree at alt_path, but not in the
+		 * index.  Instead, write to dest->path for the index but
+		 * only at the higher appropriate stage.
+		 */
+		if (update_file(o, 0, &dest->oid, dest->mode, alt_path))
+			return -1;
+		free(alt_path);
+		return update_stages(o, dest->path, NULL,
+				     rename_branch == o->branch1 ? dest : NULL,
+				     rename_branch == o->branch1 ? NULL : dest);
+	}
+
+	/* Update dest->path both in index and in worktree */
+	if (update_file(o, 1, &dest->oid, dest->mode, dest->path))
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static void handle_change_delete(struct merge_options *o,
-				 const char *path,
-				 const unsigned char *o_sha, int o_mode,
-				 const unsigned char *a_sha, int a_mode,
-				 const unsigned char *b_sha, int b_mode,
-				 const char *change, const char *change_past)
+static int handle_change_delete(struct merge_options *o,
+				const char *path, const char *old_path,
+				const struct object_id *o_oid, int o_mode,
+				const struct object_id *changed_oid,
+				int changed_mode,
+				const char *change_branch,
+				const char *delete_branch,
+				const char *change, const char *change_past)
 {
-	char *renamed = NULL;
-	if (dir_in_way(path, !o->call_depth)) {
-		renamed = unique_path(o, path, a_sha ? o->branch1 : o->branch2);
+	char *alt_path = NULL;
+	const char *update_path = path;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (dir_in_way(path, !o->call_depth, 0) ||
+	    (!o->call_depth && would_lose_untracked(path))) {
+		update_path = alt_path = unique_path(o, path, change_branch);
 	}
 
 	if (o->call_depth) {
@@ -1026,96 +1477,103 @@ static void handle_change_delete(struct merge_options *o,
 		 * correct; since there is no true "middle point" between
 		 * them, simply reuse the base version for virtual merge base.
 		 */
-		remove_file_from_cache(path);
-		update_file(o, 0, o_sha, o_mode, renamed ? renamed : path);
-	} else if (!a_sha) {
-		if (!renamed) {
-			output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
-			       "and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree."),
-			       change, path, o->branch1, change_past,
-			       o->branch2, o->branch2, path);
-			update_file(o, 0, b_sha, b_mode, path);
-		} else {
-			output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
-			       "and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree at %s."),
-			       change, path, o->branch1, change_past,
-			       o->branch2, o->branch2, path, renamed);
-			update_file(o, 0, b_sha, b_mode, renamed);
-		}
+		ret = remove_file_from_cache(path);
+		if (!ret)
+			ret = update_file(o, 0, o_oid, o_mode, update_path);
 	} else {
-		if (!renamed) {
-			output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
-			       "and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree."),
-			       change, path, o->branch2, change_past,
-			       o->branch1, o->branch1, path);
+		/*
+		 * Despite the four nearly duplicate messages and argument
+		 * lists below and the ugliness of the nested if-statements,
+		 * having complete messages makes the job easier for
+		 * translators.
+		 *
+		 * The slight variance among the cases is due to the fact
+		 * that:
+		 *   1) directory/file conflicts (in effect if
+		 *      !alt_path) could cause us to need to write the
+		 *      file to a different path.
+		 *   2) renames (in effect if !old_path) could mean that
+		 *      there are two names for the path that the user
+		 *      may know the file by.
+		 */
+		if (!alt_path) {
+			if (!old_path) {
+				output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
+				       "and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree."),
+				       change, path, delete_branch, change_past,
+				       change_branch, change_branch, path);
+			} else {
+				output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
+				       "and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree."),
+				       change, old_path, delete_branch, change_past, path,
+				       change_branch, change_branch, path);
+			}
 		} else {
-			output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
-			       "and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree at %s."),
-			       change, path, o->branch2, change_past,
-			       o->branch1, o->branch1, path, renamed);
-			update_file(o, 0, a_sha, a_mode, renamed);
+			if (!old_path) {
+				output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
+				       "and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree at %s."),
+				       change, path, delete_branch, change_past,
+				       change_branch, change_branch, path, alt_path);
+			} else {
+				output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
+				       "and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree at %s."),
+				       change, old_path, delete_branch, change_past, path,
+				       change_branch, change_branch, path, alt_path);
+			}
 		}
 		/*
-		 * No need to call update_file() on path when !renamed, since
-		 * that would needlessly touch path.  We could call
-		 * update_file_flags() with update_cache=0 and update_wd=0,
-		 * but that's a no-op.
+		 * No need to call update_file() on path when change_branch ==
+		 * o->branch1 && !alt_path, since that would needlessly touch
+		 * path.  We could call update_file_flags() with update_cache=0
+		 * and update_wd=0, but that's a no-op.
 		 */
+		if (change_branch != o->branch1 || alt_path)
+			ret = update_file(o, 0, changed_oid, changed_mode, update_path);
 	}
-	free(renamed);
+	free(alt_path);
+
+	return ret;
 }
 
-static void conflict_rename_delete(struct merge_options *o,
-				   struct diff_filepair *pair,
-				   const char *rename_branch,
-				   const char *other_branch)
+static int handle_rename_delete(struct merge_options *o,
+				struct diff_filepair *pair,
+				const char *rename_branch,
+				const char *delete_branch)
 {
 	const struct diff_filespec *orig = pair->one;
 	const struct diff_filespec *dest = pair->two;
-	const unsigned char *a_sha = NULL;
-	const unsigned char *b_sha = NULL;
-	int a_mode = 0;
-	int b_mode = 0;
-
-	if (rename_branch == o->branch1) {
-		a_sha = dest->sha1;
-		a_mode = dest->mode;
-	} else {
-		b_sha = dest->sha1;
-		b_mode = dest->mode;
-	}
-
-	handle_change_delete(o,
-			     o->call_depth ? orig->path : dest->path,
-			     orig->sha1, orig->mode,
-			     a_sha, a_mode,
-			     b_sha, b_mode,
-			     _("rename"), _("renamed"));
 
-	if (o->call_depth) {
-		remove_file_from_cache(dest->path);
-	} else {
-		update_stages(dest->path, NULL,
-			      rename_branch == o->branch1 ? dest : NULL,
-			      rename_branch == o->branch1 ? NULL : dest);
-	}
+	if (handle_change_delete(o,
+				 o->call_depth ? orig->path : dest->path,
+				 o->call_depth ? NULL : orig->path,
+				 &orig->oid, orig->mode,
+				 &dest->oid, dest->mode,
+				 rename_branch, delete_branch,
+				 _("rename"), _("renamed")))
+		return -1;
 
+	if (o->call_depth)
+		return remove_file_from_cache(dest->path);
+	else
+		return update_stages(o, dest->path, NULL,
+				     rename_branch == o->branch1 ? dest : NULL,
+				     rename_branch == o->branch1 ? NULL : dest);
 }
 
 static struct diff_filespec *filespec_from_entry(struct diff_filespec *target,
 						 struct stage_data *entry,
 						 int stage)
 {
-	unsigned char *sha = entry->stages[stage].sha;
+	struct object_id *oid = &entry->stages[stage].oid;
 	unsigned mode = entry->stages[stage].mode;
-	if (mode == 0 || is_null_sha1(sha))
+	if (mode == 0 || is_null_oid(oid))
 		return NULL;
-	hashcpy(target->sha1, sha);
+	oidcpy(&target->oid, oid);
 	target->mode = mode;
 	return target;
 }
 
-static void handle_file(struct merge_options *o,
+static int handle_file(struct merge_options *o,
 			struct diff_filespec *rename,
 			int stage,
 			struct rename_conflict_info *ci)
@@ -1125,6 +1583,7 @@ static void handle_file(struct merge_options *o,
 	const char *cur_branch, *other_branch;
 	struct diff_filespec other;
 	struct diff_filespec *add;
+	int ret;
 
 	if (stage == 2) {
 		dst_entry = ci->dst_entry1;
@@ -1138,30 +1597,51 @@ static void handle_file(struct merge_options *o,
 
 	add = filespec_from_entry(&other, dst_entry, stage ^ 1);
 	if (add) {
+		int ren_src_was_dirty = was_dirty(o, rename->path);
 		char *add_name = unique_path(o, rename->path, other_branch);
-		update_file(o, 0, add->sha1, add->mode, add_name);
+		if (update_file(o, 0, &add->oid, add->mode, add_name))
+			return -1;
 
-		remove_file(o, 0, rename->path, 0);
+		if (ren_src_was_dirty) {
+			output(o, 1, _("Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"),
+			       rename->path);
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Because the double negatives somehow keep confusing me...
+		 *    1) update_wd iff !ren_src_was_dirty.
+		 *    2) no_wd iff !update_wd
+		 *    3) so, no_wd == !!ren_src_was_dirty == ren_src_was_dirty
+		 */
+		remove_file(o, 0, rename->path, ren_src_was_dirty);
 		dst_name = unique_path(o, rename->path, cur_branch);
 	} else {
-		if (dir_in_way(rename->path, !o->call_depth)) {
+		if (dir_in_way(rename->path, !o->call_depth, 0)) {
 			dst_name = unique_path(o, rename->path, cur_branch);
 			output(o, 1, _("%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"),
 			       rename->path, other_branch, dst_name);
+		} else if (!o->call_depth &&
+			   would_lose_untracked(rename->path)) {
+			dst_name = unique_path(o, rename->path, cur_branch);
+			output(o, 1, _("Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; "
+				       "adding as %s instead"),
+			       rename->path, dst_name);
 		}
 	}
-	update_file(o, 0, rename->sha1, rename->mode, dst_name);
-	if (stage == 2)
-		update_stages(rename->path, NULL, rename, add);
+	if ((ret = update_file(o, 0, &rename->oid, rename->mode, dst_name)))
+		; /* fall through, do allow dst_name to be released */
+	else if (stage == 2)
+		ret = update_stages(o, rename->path, NULL, rename, add);
 	else
-		update_stages(rename->path, NULL, add, rename);
+		ret = update_stages(o, rename->path, NULL, add, rename);
 
 	if (dst_name != rename->path)
 		free(dst_name);
+
+	return ret;
 }
 
-static void conflict_rename_rename_1to2(struct merge_options *o,
-					struct rename_conflict_info *ci)
+static int handle_rename_rename_1to2(struct merge_options *o,
+				     struct rename_conflict_info *ci)
 {
 	/* One file was renamed in both branches, but to different names. */
 	struct diff_filespec *one = ci->pair1->one;
@@ -1178,18 +1658,21 @@ static void conflict_rename_rename_1to2(struct merge_options *o,
 		struct merge_file_info mfi;
 		struct diff_filespec other;
 		struct diff_filespec *add;
-		mfi = merge_file_one(o, one->path,
-				 one->sha1, one->mode,
-				 a->sha1, a->mode,
-				 b->sha1, b->mode,
-				 ci->branch1, ci->branch2);
+		if (merge_file_one(o, one->path,
+				 &one->oid, one->mode,
+				 &a->oid, a->mode,
+				 &b->oid, b->mode,
+				 ci->branch1, ci->branch2, &mfi))
+			return -1;
+
 		/*
 		 * FIXME: For rename/add-source conflicts (if we could detect
 		 * such), this is wrong.  We should instead find a unique
 		 * pathname and then either rename the add-source file to that
 		 * unique path, or use that unique path instead of src here.
 		 */
-		update_file(o, 0, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, one->path);
+		if (update_file(o, 0, &mfi.oid, mfi.mode, one->path))
+			return -1;
 
 		/*
 		 * Above, we put the merged content at the merge-base's
@@ -1200,23 +1683,27 @@ static void conflict_rename_rename_1to2(struct merge_options *o,
 		 * resolving the conflict at that path in its favor.
 		 */
 		add = filespec_from_entry(&other, ci->dst_entry1, 2 ^ 1);
-		if (add)
-			update_file(o, 0, add->sha1, add->mode, a->path);
+		if (add) {
+			if (update_file(o, 0, &add->oid, add->mode, a->path))
+				return -1;
+		}
 		else
 			remove_file_from_cache(a->path);
 		add = filespec_from_entry(&other, ci->dst_entry2, 3 ^ 1);
-		if (add)
-			update_file(o, 0, add->sha1, add->mode, b->path);
+		if (add) {
+			if (update_file(o, 0, &add->oid, add->mode, b->path))
+				return -1;
+		}
 		else
 			remove_file_from_cache(b->path);
-	} else {
-		handle_file(o, a, 2, ci);
-		handle_file(o, b, 3, ci);
-	}
+	} else if (handle_file(o, a, 2, ci) || handle_file(o, b, 3, ci))
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static void conflict_rename_rename_2to1(struct merge_options *o,
-					struct rename_conflict_info *ci)
+static int handle_rename_rename_2to1(struct merge_options *o,
+				     struct rename_conflict_info *ci)
 {
 	/* Two files, a & b, were renamed to the same thing, c. */
 	struct diff_filespec *a = ci->pair1->one;
@@ -1224,8 +1711,11 @@ static void conflict_rename_rename_2to1(struct merge_options *o,
 	struct diff_filespec *c1 = ci->pair1->two;
 	struct diff_filespec *c2 = ci->pair2->two;
 	char *path = c1->path; /* == c2->path */
+	char *path_side_1_desc;
+	char *path_side_2_desc;
 	struct merge_file_info mfi_c1;
 	struct merge_file_info mfi_c2;
+	int ret;
 
 	output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (rename/rename): "
 	       "Rename %s->%s in %s. "
@@ -1233,15 +1723,22 @@ static void conflict_rename_rename_2to1(struct merge_options *o,
 	       a->path, c1->path, ci->branch1,
 	       b->path, c2->path, ci->branch2);
 
-	remove_file(o, 1, a->path, would_lose_untracked(a->path));
-	remove_file(o, 1, b->path, would_lose_untracked(b->path));
-
-	mfi_c1 = merge_file_special_markers(o, a, c1, &ci->ren1_other,
-					    o->branch1, c1->path,
-					    o->branch2, ci->ren1_other.path);
-	mfi_c2 = merge_file_special_markers(o, b, &ci->ren2_other, c2,
-					    o->branch1, ci->ren2_other.path,
-					    o->branch2, c2->path);
+	remove_file(o, 1, a->path, o->call_depth || would_lose_untracked(a->path));
+	remove_file(o, 1, b->path, o->call_depth || would_lose_untracked(b->path));
+
+	path_side_1_desc = xstrfmt("%s (was %s)", path, a->path);
+	path_side_2_desc = xstrfmt("%s (was %s)", path, b->path);
+	if (merge_file_special_markers(o, a, c1, &ci->ren1_other,
+				       path_side_1_desc,
+				       o->branch1, c1->path,
+				       o->branch2, ci->ren1_other.path, &mfi_c1) ||
+	    merge_file_special_markers(o, b, &ci->ren2_other, c2,
+				       path_side_2_desc,
+				       o->branch1, ci->ren2_other.path,
+				       o->branch2, c2->path, &mfi_c2))
+		return -1;
+	free(path_side_1_desc);
+	free(path_side_2_desc);
 
 	if (o->call_depth) {
 		/*
@@ -1252,19 +1749,813 @@ static void conflict_rename_rename_2to1(struct merge_options *o,
 		 * again later for the non-recursive merge.
 		 */
 		remove_file(o, 0, path, 0);
-		update_file(o, 0, mfi_c1.sha, mfi_c1.mode, a->path);
-		update_file(o, 0, mfi_c2.sha, mfi_c2.mode, b->path);
+		ret = update_file(o, 0, &mfi_c1.oid, mfi_c1.mode, a->path);
+		if (!ret)
+			ret = update_file(o, 0, &mfi_c2.oid, mfi_c2.mode,
+					  b->path);
 	} else {
 		char *new_path1 = unique_path(o, path, ci->branch1);
 		char *new_path2 = unique_path(o, path, ci->branch2);
 		output(o, 1, _("Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"),
 		       a->path, new_path1, b->path, new_path2);
-		remove_file(o, 0, path, 0);
-		update_file(o, 0, mfi_c1.sha, mfi_c1.mode, new_path1);
-		update_file(o, 0, mfi_c2.sha, mfi_c2.mode, new_path2);
+		if (was_dirty(o, path))
+			output(o, 1, _("Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"),
+			       path);
+		else if (would_lose_untracked(path))
+			/*
+			 * Only way we get here is if both renames were from
+			 * a directory rename AND user had an untracked file
+			 * at the location where both files end up after the
+			 * two directory renames.  See testcase 10d of t6043.
+			 */
+			output(o, 1, _("Refusing to lose untracked file at "
+				       "%s, even though it's in the way."),
+			       path);
+		else
+			remove_file(o, 0, path, 0);
+		ret = update_file(o, 0, &mfi_c1.oid, mfi_c1.mode, new_path1);
+		if (!ret)
+			ret = update_file(o, 0, &mfi_c2.oid, mfi_c2.mode,
+					  new_path2);
+		/*
+		 * unpack_trees() actually populates the index for us for
+		 * "normal" rename/rename(2to1) situtations so that the
+		 * correct entries are at the higher stages, which would
+		 * make the call below to update_stages_for_stage_data
+		 * unnecessary.  However, if either of the renames came
+		 * from a directory rename, then unpack_trees() will not
+		 * have gotten the right data loaded into the index, so we
+		 * need to do so now.  (While it'd be tempting to move this
+		 * call to update_stages_for_stage_data() to
+		 * apply_directory_rename_modifications(), that would break
+		 * our intermediate calls to would_lose_untracked() since
+		 * those rely on the current in-memory index.  See also the
+		 * big "NOTE" in update_stages()).
+		 */
+		if (update_stages_for_stage_data(o, path, ci->dst_entry1))
+			ret = -1;
+
 		free(new_path2);
 		free(new_path1);
 	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get the diff_filepairs changed between o_tree and tree.
+ */
+static struct diff_queue_struct *get_diffpairs(struct merge_options *o,
+					       struct tree *o_tree,
+					       struct tree *tree)
+{
+	struct diff_queue_struct *ret;
+	struct diff_options opts;
+
+	diff_setup(&opts);
+	opts.flags.recursive = 1;
+	opts.flags.rename_empty = 0;
+	opts.detect_rename = merge_detect_rename(o);
+	/*
+	 * We do not have logic to handle the detection of copies.  In
+	 * fact, it may not even make sense to add such logic: would we
+	 * really want a change to a base file to be propagated through
+	 * multiple other files by a merge?
+	 */
+	if (opts.detect_rename > DIFF_DETECT_RENAME)
+		opts.detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
+	opts.rename_limit = o->merge_rename_limit >= 0 ? o->merge_rename_limit :
+			    o->diff_rename_limit >= 0 ? o->diff_rename_limit :
+			    1000;
+	opts.rename_score = o->rename_score;
+	opts.show_rename_progress = o->show_rename_progress;
+	opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
+	diff_setup_done(&opts);
+	diff_tree_oid(&o_tree->object.oid, &tree->object.oid, "", &opts);
+	diffcore_std(&opts);
+	if (opts.needed_rename_limit > o->needed_rename_limit)
+		o->needed_rename_limit = opts.needed_rename_limit;
+
+	ret = xmalloc(sizeof(*ret));
+	*ret = diff_queued_diff;
+
+	opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
+	diff_queued_diff.nr = 0;
+	diff_queued_diff.queue = NULL;
+	diff_flush(&opts);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int tree_has_path(struct tree *tree, const char *path)
+{
+	struct object_id hashy;
+	unsigned int mode_o;
+
+	return !get_tree_entry(&tree->object.oid, path,
+			       &hashy, &mode_o);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return a new string that replaces the beginning portion (which matches
+ * entry->dir), with entry->new_dir.  In perl-speak:
+ *   new_path_name = (old_path =~ s/entry->dir/entry->new_dir/);
+ * NOTE:
+ *   Caller must ensure that old_path starts with entry->dir + '/'.
+ */
+static char *apply_dir_rename(struct dir_rename_entry *entry,
+			      const char *old_path)
+{
+	struct strbuf new_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int oldlen, newlen;
+
+	if (entry->non_unique_new_dir)
+		return NULL;
+
+	oldlen = strlen(entry->dir);
+	newlen = entry->new_dir.len + (strlen(old_path) - oldlen) + 1;
+	strbuf_grow(&new_path, newlen);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&new_path, &entry->new_dir);
+	strbuf_addstr(&new_path, &old_path[oldlen]);
+
+	return strbuf_detach(&new_path, NULL);
+}
+
+static void get_renamed_dir_portion(const char *old_path, const char *new_path,
+				    char **old_dir, char **new_dir)
+{
+	char *end_of_old, *end_of_new;
+	int old_len, new_len;
+
+	*old_dir = NULL;
+	*new_dir = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * For
+	 *    "a/b/c/d/e/foo.c" -> "a/b/some/thing/else/e/foo.c"
+	 * the "e/foo.c" part is the same, we just want to know that
+	 *    "a/b/c/d" was renamed to "a/b/some/thing/else"
+	 * so, for this example, this function returns "a/b/c/d" in
+	 * *old_dir and "a/b/some/thing/else" in *new_dir.
+	 *
+	 * Also, if the basename of the file changed, we don't care.  We
+	 * want to know which portion of the directory, if any, changed.
+	 */
+	end_of_old = strrchr(old_path, '/');
+	end_of_new = strrchr(new_path, '/');
+
+	if (end_of_old == NULL || end_of_new == NULL)
+		return;
+	while (*--end_of_new == *--end_of_old &&
+	       end_of_old != old_path &&
+	       end_of_new != new_path)
+		; /* Do nothing; all in the while loop */
+	/*
+	 * We've found the first non-matching character in the directory
+	 * paths.  That means the current directory we were comparing
+	 * represents the rename.  Move end_of_old and end_of_new back
+	 * to the full directory name.
+	 */
+	if (*end_of_old == '/')
+		end_of_old++;
+	if (*end_of_old != '/')
+		end_of_new++;
+	end_of_old = strchr(end_of_old, '/');
+	end_of_new = strchr(end_of_new, '/');
+
+	/*
+	 * It may have been the case that old_path and new_path were the same
+	 * directory all along.  Don't claim a rename if they're the same.
+	 */
+	old_len = end_of_old - old_path;
+	new_len = end_of_new - new_path;
+
+	if (old_len != new_len || strncmp(old_path, new_path, old_len)) {
+		*old_dir = xstrndup(old_path, old_len);
+		*new_dir = xstrndup(new_path, new_len);
+	}
+}
+
+static void remove_hashmap_entries(struct hashmap *dir_renames,
+				   struct string_list *items_to_remove)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct dir_rename_entry *entry;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < items_to_remove->nr; i++) {
+		entry = items_to_remove->items[i].util;
+		hashmap_remove(dir_renames, entry, NULL);
+	}
+	string_list_clear(items_to_remove, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * See if there is a directory rename for path, and if there are any file
+ * level conflicts for the renamed location.  If there is a rename and
+ * there are no conflicts, return the new name.  Otherwise, return NULL.
+ */
+static char *handle_path_level_conflicts(struct merge_options *o,
+					 const char *path,
+					 struct dir_rename_entry *entry,
+					 struct hashmap *collisions,
+					 struct tree *tree)
+{
+	char *new_path = NULL;
+	struct collision_entry *collision_ent;
+	int clean = 1;
+	struct strbuf collision_paths = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	/*
+	 * entry has the mapping of old directory name to new directory name
+	 * that we want to apply to path.
+	 */
+	new_path = apply_dir_rename(entry, path);
+
+	if (!new_path) {
+		/* This should only happen when entry->non_unique_new_dir set */
+		if (!entry->non_unique_new_dir)
+			BUG("entry->non_unqiue_dir not set and !new_path");
+		output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (directory rename split): "
+			       "Unclear where to place %s because directory "
+			       "%s was renamed to multiple other directories, "
+			       "with no destination getting a majority of the "
+			       "files."),
+		       path, entry->dir);
+		clean = 0;
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * The caller needs to have ensured that it has pre-populated
+	 * collisions with all paths that map to new_path.  Do a quick check
+	 * to ensure that's the case.
+	 */
+	collision_ent = collision_find_entry(collisions, new_path);
+	if (collision_ent == NULL)
+		BUG("collision_ent is NULL");
+
+	/*
+	 * Check for one-sided add/add/.../add conflicts, i.e.
+	 * where implicit renames from the other side doing
+	 * directory rename(s) can affect this side of history
+	 * to put multiple paths into the same location.  Warn
+	 * and bail on directory renames for such paths.
+	 */
+	if (collision_ent->reported_already) {
+		clean = 0;
+	} else if (tree_has_path(tree, new_path)) {
+		collision_ent->reported_already = 1;
+		strbuf_add_separated_string_list(&collision_paths, ", ",
+						 &collision_ent->source_files);
+		output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Existing "
+			       "file/dir at %s in the way of implicit "
+			       "directory rename(s) putting the following "
+			       "path(s) there: %s."),
+		       new_path, collision_paths.buf);
+		clean = 0;
+	} else if (collision_ent->source_files.nr > 1) {
+		collision_ent->reported_already = 1;
+		strbuf_add_separated_string_list(&collision_paths, ", ",
+						 &collision_ent->source_files);
+		output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Cannot map "
+			       "more than one path to %s; implicit directory "
+			       "renames tried to put these paths there: %s"),
+		       new_path, collision_paths.buf);
+		clean = 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Free memory we no longer need */
+	strbuf_release(&collision_paths);
+	if (!clean && new_path) {
+		free(new_path);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	return new_path;
+}
+
+/*
+ * There are a couple things we want to do at the directory level:
+ *   1. Check for both sides renaming to the same thing, in order to avoid
+ *      implicit renaming of files that should be left in place.  (See
+ *      testcase 6b in t6043 for details.)
+ *   2. Prune directory renames if there are still files left in the
+ *      the original directory.  These represent a partial directory rename,
+ *      i.e. a rename where only some of the files within the directory
+ *      were renamed elsewhere.  (Technically, this could be done earlier
+ *      in get_directory_renames(), except that would prevent us from
+ *      doing the previous check and thus failing testcase 6b.)
+ *   3. Check for rename/rename(1to2) conflicts (at the directory level).
+ *      In the future, we could potentially record this info as well and
+ *      omit reporting rename/rename(1to2) conflicts for each path within
+ *      the affected directories, thus cleaning up the merge output.
+ *   NOTE: We do NOT check for rename/rename(2to1) conflicts at the
+ *         directory level, because merging directories is fine.  If it
+ *         causes conflicts for files within those merged directories, then
+ *         that should be detected at the individual path level.
+ */
+static void handle_directory_level_conflicts(struct merge_options *o,
+					     struct hashmap *dir_re_head,
+					     struct tree *head,
+					     struct hashmap *dir_re_merge,
+					     struct tree *merge)
+{
+	struct hashmap_iter iter;
+	struct dir_rename_entry *head_ent;
+	struct dir_rename_entry *merge_ent;
+
+	struct string_list remove_from_head = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	struct string_list remove_from_merge = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+
+	hashmap_iter_init(dir_re_head, &iter);
+	while ((head_ent = hashmap_iter_next(&iter))) {
+		merge_ent = dir_rename_find_entry(dir_re_merge, head_ent->dir);
+		if (merge_ent &&
+		    !head_ent->non_unique_new_dir &&
+		    !merge_ent->non_unique_new_dir &&
+		    !strbuf_cmp(&head_ent->new_dir, &merge_ent->new_dir)) {
+			/* 1. Renamed identically; remove it from both sides */
+			string_list_append(&remove_from_head,
+					   head_ent->dir)->util = head_ent;
+			strbuf_release(&head_ent->new_dir);
+			string_list_append(&remove_from_merge,
+					   merge_ent->dir)->util = merge_ent;
+			strbuf_release(&merge_ent->new_dir);
+		} else if (tree_has_path(head, head_ent->dir)) {
+			/* 2. This wasn't a directory rename after all */
+			string_list_append(&remove_from_head,
+					   head_ent->dir)->util = head_ent;
+			strbuf_release(&head_ent->new_dir);
+		}
+	}
+
+	remove_hashmap_entries(dir_re_head, &remove_from_head);
+	remove_hashmap_entries(dir_re_merge, &remove_from_merge);
+
+	hashmap_iter_init(dir_re_merge, &iter);
+	while ((merge_ent = hashmap_iter_next(&iter))) {
+		head_ent = dir_rename_find_entry(dir_re_head, merge_ent->dir);
+		if (tree_has_path(merge, merge_ent->dir)) {
+			/* 2. This wasn't a directory rename after all */
+			string_list_append(&remove_from_merge,
+					   merge_ent->dir)->util = merge_ent;
+		} else if (head_ent &&
+			   !head_ent->non_unique_new_dir &&
+			   !merge_ent->non_unique_new_dir) {
+			/* 3. rename/rename(1to2) */
+			/*
+			 * We can assume it's not rename/rename(1to1) because
+			 * that was case (1), already checked above.  So we
+			 * know that head_ent->new_dir and merge_ent->new_dir
+			 * are different strings.
+			 */
+			output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (rename/rename): "
+				       "Rename directory %s->%s in %s. "
+				       "Rename directory %s->%s in %s"),
+			       head_ent->dir, head_ent->new_dir.buf, o->branch1,
+			       head_ent->dir, merge_ent->new_dir.buf, o->branch2);
+			string_list_append(&remove_from_head,
+					   head_ent->dir)->util = head_ent;
+			strbuf_release(&head_ent->new_dir);
+			string_list_append(&remove_from_merge,
+					   merge_ent->dir)->util = merge_ent;
+			strbuf_release(&merge_ent->new_dir);
+		}
+	}
+
+	remove_hashmap_entries(dir_re_head, &remove_from_head);
+	remove_hashmap_entries(dir_re_merge, &remove_from_merge);
+}
+
+static struct hashmap *get_directory_renames(struct diff_queue_struct *pairs,
+					     struct tree *tree)
+{
+	struct hashmap *dir_renames;
+	struct hashmap_iter iter;
+	struct dir_rename_entry *entry;
+	int i;
+
+	/*
+	 * Typically, we think of a directory rename as all files from a
+	 * certain directory being moved to a target directory.  However,
+	 * what if someone first moved two files from the original
+	 * directory in one commit, and then renamed the directory
+	 * somewhere else in a later commit?  At merge time, we just know
+	 * that files from the original directory went to two different
+	 * places, and that the bulk of them ended up in the same place.
+	 * We want each directory rename to represent where the bulk of the
+	 * files from that directory end up; this function exists to find
+	 * where the bulk of the files went.
+	 *
+	 * The first loop below simply iterates through the list of file
+	 * renames, finding out how often each directory rename pair
+	 * possibility occurs.
+	 */
+	dir_renames = xmalloc(sizeof(*dir_renames));
+	dir_rename_init(dir_renames);
+	for (i = 0; i < pairs->nr; ++i) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+		int *count;
+		struct diff_filepair *pair = pairs->queue[i];
+		char *old_dir, *new_dir;
+
+		/* File not part of directory rename if it wasn't renamed */
+		if (pair->status != 'R')
+			continue;
+
+		get_renamed_dir_portion(pair->one->path, pair->two->path,
+					&old_dir,        &new_dir);
+		if (!old_dir)
+			/* Directory didn't change at all; ignore this one. */
+			continue;
+
+		entry = dir_rename_find_entry(dir_renames, old_dir);
+		if (!entry) {
+			entry = xmalloc(sizeof(*entry));
+			dir_rename_entry_init(entry, old_dir);
+			hashmap_put(dir_renames, entry);
+		} else {
+			free(old_dir);
+		}
+		item = string_list_lookup(&entry->possible_new_dirs, new_dir);
+		if (!item) {
+			item = string_list_insert(&entry->possible_new_dirs,
+						  new_dir);
+			item->util = xcalloc(1, sizeof(int));
+		} else {
+			free(new_dir);
+		}
+		count = item->util;
+		*count += 1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * For each directory with files moved out of it, we find out which
+	 * target directory received the most files so we can declare it to
+	 * be the "winning" target location for the directory rename.  This
+	 * winner gets recorded in new_dir.  If there is no winner
+	 * (multiple target directories received the same number of files),
+	 * we set non_unique_new_dir.  Once we've determined the winner (or
+	 * that there is no winner), we no longer need possible_new_dirs.
+	 */
+	hashmap_iter_init(dir_renames, &iter);
+	while ((entry = hashmap_iter_next(&iter))) {
+		int max = 0;
+		int bad_max = 0;
+		char *best = NULL;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < entry->possible_new_dirs.nr; i++) {
+			int *count = entry->possible_new_dirs.items[i].util;
+
+			if (*count == max)
+				bad_max = max;
+			else if (*count > max) {
+				max = *count;
+				best = entry->possible_new_dirs.items[i].string;
+			}
+		}
+		if (bad_max == max)
+			entry->non_unique_new_dir = 1;
+		else {
+			assert(entry->new_dir.len == 0);
+			strbuf_addstr(&entry->new_dir, best);
+		}
+		/*
+		 * The relevant directory sub-portion of the original full
+		 * filepaths were xstrndup'ed before inserting into
+		 * possible_new_dirs, and instead of manually iterating the
+		 * list and free'ing each, just lie and tell
+		 * possible_new_dirs that it did the strdup'ing so that it
+		 * will free them for us.
+		 */
+		entry->possible_new_dirs.strdup_strings = 1;
+		string_list_clear(&entry->possible_new_dirs, 1);
+	}
+
+	return dir_renames;
+}
+
+static struct dir_rename_entry *check_dir_renamed(const char *path,
+						  struct hashmap *dir_renames)
+{
+	char *temp = xstrdup(path);
+	char *end;
+	struct dir_rename_entry *entry = NULL;;
+
+	while ((end = strrchr(temp, '/'))) {
+		*end = '\0';
+		entry = dir_rename_find_entry(dir_renames, temp);
+		if (entry)
+			break;
+	}
+	free(temp);
+	return entry;
+}
+
+static void compute_collisions(struct hashmap *collisions,
+			       struct hashmap *dir_renames,
+			       struct diff_queue_struct *pairs)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/*
+	 * Multiple files can be mapped to the same path due to directory
+	 * renames done by the other side of history.  Since that other
+	 * side of history could have merged multiple directories into one,
+	 * if our side of history added the same file basename to each of
+	 * those directories, then all N of them would get implicitly
+	 * renamed by the directory rename detection into the same path,
+	 * and we'd get an add/add/.../add conflict, and all those adds
+	 * from *this* side of history.  This is not representable in the
+	 * index, and users aren't going to easily be able to make sense of
+	 * it.  So we need to provide a good warning about what's
+	 * happening, and fall back to no-directory-rename detection
+	 * behavior for those paths.
+	 *
+	 * See testcases 9e and all of section 5 from t6043 for examples.
+	 */
+	collision_init(collisions);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < pairs->nr; ++i) {
+		struct dir_rename_entry *dir_rename_ent;
+		struct collision_entry *collision_ent;
+		char *new_path;
+		struct diff_filepair *pair = pairs->queue[i];
+
+		if (pair->status != 'A' && pair->status != 'R')
+			continue;
+		dir_rename_ent = check_dir_renamed(pair->two->path,
+						   dir_renames);
+		if (!dir_rename_ent)
+			continue;
+
+		new_path = apply_dir_rename(dir_rename_ent, pair->two->path);
+		if (!new_path)
+			/*
+			 * dir_rename_ent->non_unique_new_path is true, which
+			 * means there is no directory rename for us to use,
+			 * which means it won't cause us any additional
+			 * collisions.
+			 */
+			continue;
+		collision_ent = collision_find_entry(collisions, new_path);
+		if (!collision_ent) {
+			collision_ent = xcalloc(1,
+						sizeof(struct collision_entry));
+			hashmap_entry_init(collision_ent, strhash(new_path));
+			hashmap_put(collisions, collision_ent);
+			collision_ent->target_file = new_path;
+		} else {
+			free(new_path);
+		}
+		string_list_insert(&collision_ent->source_files,
+				   pair->two->path);
+	}
+}
+
+static char *check_for_directory_rename(struct merge_options *o,
+					const char *path,
+					struct tree *tree,
+					struct hashmap *dir_renames,
+					struct hashmap *dir_rename_exclusions,
+					struct hashmap *collisions,
+					int *clean_merge)
+{
+	char *new_path = NULL;
+	struct dir_rename_entry *entry = check_dir_renamed(path, dir_renames);
+	struct dir_rename_entry *oentry = NULL;
+
+	if (!entry)
+		return new_path;
+
+	/*
+	 * This next part is a little weird.  We do not want to do an
+	 * implicit rename into a directory we renamed on our side, because
+	 * that will result in a spurious rename/rename(1to2) conflict.  An
+	 * example:
+	 *   Base commit: dumbdir/afile, otherdir/bfile
+	 *   Side 1:      smrtdir/afile, otherdir/bfile
+	 *   Side 2:      dumbdir/afile, dumbdir/bfile
+	 * Here, while working on Side 1, we could notice that otherdir was
+	 * renamed/merged to dumbdir, and change the diff_filepair for
+	 * otherdir/bfile into a rename into dumbdir/bfile.  However, Side
+	 * 2 will notice the rename from dumbdir to smrtdir, and do the
+	 * transitive rename to move it from dumbdir/bfile to
+	 * smrtdir/bfile.  That gives us bfile in dumbdir vs being in
+	 * smrtdir, a rename/rename(1to2) conflict.  We really just want
+	 * the file to end up in smrtdir.  And the way to achieve that is
+	 * to not let Side1 do the rename to dumbdir, since we know that is
+	 * the source of one of our directory renames.
+	 *
+	 * That's why oentry and dir_rename_exclusions is here.
+	 *
+	 * As it turns out, this also prevents N-way transient rename
+	 * confusion; See testcases 9c and 9d of t6043.
+	 */
+	oentry = dir_rename_find_entry(dir_rename_exclusions, entry->new_dir.buf);
+	if (oentry) {
+		output(o, 1, _("WARNING: Avoiding applying %s -> %s rename "
+			       "to %s, because %s itself was renamed."),
+		       entry->dir, entry->new_dir.buf, path, entry->new_dir.buf);
+	} else {
+		new_path = handle_path_level_conflicts(o, path, entry,
+						       collisions, tree);
+		*clean_merge &= (new_path != NULL);
+	}
+
+	return new_path;
+}
+
+static void apply_directory_rename_modifications(struct merge_options *o,
+						 struct diff_filepair *pair,
+						 char *new_path,
+						 struct rename *re,
+						 struct tree *tree,
+						 struct tree *o_tree,
+						 struct tree *a_tree,
+						 struct tree *b_tree,
+						 struct string_list *entries,
+						 int *clean)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	int stage = (tree == a_tree ? 2 : 3);
+	int update_wd;
+
+	/*
+	 * In all cases where we can do directory rename detection,
+	 * unpack_trees() will have read pair->two->path into the
+	 * index and the working copy.  We need to remove it so that
+	 * we can instead place it at new_path.  It is guaranteed to
+	 * not be untracked (unpack_trees() would have errored out
+	 * saying the file would have been overwritten), but it might
+	 * be dirty, though.
+	 */
+	update_wd = !was_dirty(o, pair->two->path);
+	if (!update_wd)
+		output(o, 1, _("Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"),
+		       pair->two->path);
+	remove_file(o, 1, pair->two->path, !update_wd);
+
+	/* Find or create a new re->dst_entry */
+	item = string_list_lookup(entries, new_path);
+	if (item) {
+		/*
+		 * Since we're renaming on this side of history, and it's
+		 * due to a directory rename on the other side of history
+		 * (which we only allow when the directory in question no
+		 * longer exists on the other side of history), the
+		 * original entry for re->dst_entry is no longer
+		 * necessary...
+		 */
+		re->dst_entry->processed = 1;
+
+		/*
+		 * ...because we'll be using this new one.
+		 */
+		re->dst_entry = item->util;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * re->dst_entry is for the before-dir-rename path, and we
+		 * need it to hold information for the after-dir-rename
+		 * path.  Before creating a new entry, we need to mark the
+		 * old one as unnecessary (...unless it is shared by
+		 * src_entry, i.e. this didn't use to be a rename, in which
+		 * case we can just allow the normal processing to happen
+		 * for it).
+		 */
+		if (pair->status == 'R')
+			re->dst_entry->processed = 1;
+
+		re->dst_entry = insert_stage_data(new_path,
+						  o_tree, a_tree, b_tree,
+						  entries);
+		item = string_list_insert(entries, new_path);
+		item->util = re->dst_entry;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Update the stage_data with the information about the path we are
+	 * moving into place.  That slot will be empty and available for us
+	 * to write to because of the collision checks in
+	 * handle_path_level_conflicts().  In other words,
+	 * re->dst_entry->stages[stage].oid will be the null_oid, so it's
+	 * open for us to write to.
+	 *
+	 * It may be tempting to actually update the index at this point as
+	 * well, using update_stages_for_stage_data(), but as per the big
+	 * "NOTE" in update_stages(), doing so will modify the current
+	 * in-memory index which will break calls to would_lose_untracked()
+	 * that we need to make.  Instead, we need to just make sure that
+	 * the various handle_rename_*() functions update the index
+	 * explicitly rather than relying on unpack_trees() to have done it.
+	 */
+	get_tree_entry(&tree->object.oid,
+		       pair->two->path,
+		       &re->dst_entry->stages[stage].oid,
+		       &re->dst_entry->stages[stage].mode);
+
+	/* Update pair status */
+	if (pair->status == 'A') {
+		/*
+		 * Recording rename information for this add makes it look
+		 * like a rename/delete conflict.  Make sure we can
+		 * correctly handle this as an add that was moved to a new
+		 * directory instead of reporting a rename/delete conflict.
+		 */
+		re->add_turned_into_rename = 1;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * We don't actually look at pair->status again, but it seems
+	 * pedagogically correct to adjust it.
+	 */
+	pair->status = 'R';
+
+	/*
+	 * Finally, record the new location.
+	 */
+	pair->two->path = new_path;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get information of all renames which occurred in 'pairs', making use of
+ * any implicit directory renames inferred from the other side of history.
+ * We need the three trees in the merge ('o_tree', 'a_tree' and 'b_tree')
+ * to be able to associate the correct cache entries with the rename
+ * information; tree is always equal to either a_tree or b_tree.
+ */
+static struct string_list *get_renames(struct merge_options *o,
+				       struct diff_queue_struct *pairs,
+				       struct hashmap *dir_renames,
+				       struct hashmap *dir_rename_exclusions,
+				       struct tree *tree,
+				       struct tree *o_tree,
+				       struct tree *a_tree,
+				       struct tree *b_tree,
+				       struct string_list *entries,
+				       int *clean_merge)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct hashmap collisions;
+	struct hashmap_iter iter;
+	struct collision_entry *e;
+	struct string_list *renames;
+
+	compute_collisions(&collisions, dir_renames, pairs);
+	renames = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < pairs->nr; ++i) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+		struct rename *re;
+		struct diff_filepair *pair = pairs->queue[i];
+		char *new_path; /* non-NULL only with directory renames */
+
+		if (pair->status != 'A' && pair->status != 'R') {
+			diff_free_filepair(pair);
+			continue;
+		}
+		new_path = check_for_directory_rename(o, pair->two->path, tree,
+						      dir_renames,
+						      dir_rename_exclusions,
+						      &collisions,
+						      clean_merge);
+		if (pair->status != 'R' && !new_path) {
+			diff_free_filepair(pair);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		re = xmalloc(sizeof(*re));
+		re->processed = 0;
+		re->add_turned_into_rename = 0;
+		re->pair = pair;
+		item = string_list_lookup(entries, re->pair->one->path);
+		if (!item)
+			re->src_entry = insert_stage_data(re->pair->one->path,
+					o_tree, a_tree, b_tree, entries);
+		else
+			re->src_entry = item->util;
+
+		item = string_list_lookup(entries, re->pair->two->path);
+		if (!item)
+			re->dst_entry = insert_stage_data(re->pair->two->path,
+					o_tree, a_tree, b_tree, entries);
+		else
+			re->dst_entry = item->util;
+		item = string_list_insert(renames, pair->one->path);
+		item->util = re;
+		if (new_path)
+			apply_directory_rename_modifications(o, pair, new_path,
+							     re, tree, o_tree,
+							     a_tree, b_tree,
+							     entries,
+							     clean_merge);
+	}
+
+	hashmap_iter_init(&collisions, &iter);
+	while ((e = hashmap_iter_next(&iter))) {
+		free(e->target_file);
+		string_list_clear(&e->source_files, 0);
+	}
+	hashmap_free(&collisions, 1);
+	return renames;
 }
 
 static int process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
@@ -1314,14 +2605,11 @@ static int process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
 			branch1 = o->branch1;
 			branch2 = o->branch2;
 		} else {
-			struct rename *tmp;
 			renames1 = b_renames;
 			renames2Dst = &a_by_dst;
 			branch1 = o->branch2;
 			branch2 = o->branch1;
-			tmp = ren2;
-			ren2 = ren1;
-			ren1 = tmp;
+			SWAP(ren2, ren1);
 		}
 
 		if (ren1->processed)
@@ -1342,7 +2630,7 @@ static int process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
 			const char *ren2_dst = ren2->pair->two->path;
 			enum rename_type rename_type;
 			if (strcmp(ren1_src, ren2_src) != 0)
-				die("ren1_src != ren2_src");
+				BUG("ren1_src != ren2_src");
 			ren2->dst_entry->processed = 1;
 			ren2->processed = 1;
 			if (strcmp(ren1_dst, ren2_dst) != 0) {
@@ -1376,7 +2664,7 @@ static int process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
 			ren2 = lookup->util;
 			ren2_dst = ren2->pair->two->path;
 			if (strcmp(ren1_dst, ren2_dst) != 0)
-				die("ren1_dst != ren2_dst");
+				BUG("ren1_dst != ren2_dst");
 
 			clean_merge = 0;
 			ren2->processed = 1;
@@ -1418,15 +2706,29 @@ static int process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
 			 * add-source case).
 			 */
 			remove_file(o, 1, ren1_src,
-				    renamed_stage == 2 || !was_tracked(ren1_src));
+				    renamed_stage == 2 || !was_tracked(o, ren1_src));
 
-			hashcpy(src_other.sha1, ren1->src_entry->stages[other_stage].sha);
+			oidcpy(&src_other.oid,
+			       &ren1->src_entry->stages[other_stage].oid);
 			src_other.mode = ren1->src_entry->stages[other_stage].mode;
-			hashcpy(dst_other.sha1, ren1->dst_entry->stages[other_stage].sha);
+			oidcpy(&dst_other.oid,
+			       &ren1->dst_entry->stages[other_stage].oid);
 			dst_other.mode = ren1->dst_entry->stages[other_stage].mode;
 			try_merge = 0;
 
-			if (sha_eq(src_other.sha1, null_sha1)) {
+			if (oid_eq(&src_other.oid, &null_oid) &&
+			    ren1->add_turned_into_rename) {
+				setup_rename_conflict_info(RENAME_VIA_DIR,
+							   ren1->pair,
+							   NULL,
+							   branch1,
+							   branch2,
+							   ren1->dst_entry,
+							   NULL,
+							   o,
+							   NULL,
+							   NULL);
+			} else if (oid_eq(&src_other.oid, &null_oid)) {
 				setup_rename_conflict_info(RENAME_DELETE,
 							   ren1->pair,
 							   NULL,
@@ -1438,7 +2740,7 @@ static int process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
 							   NULL,
 							   NULL);
 			} else if ((dst_other.mode == ren1->pair->two->mode) &&
-				   sha_eq(dst_other.sha1, ren1->pair->two->sha1)) {
+				   oid_eq(&dst_other.oid, &ren1->pair->two->oid)) {
 				/*
 				 * Added file on the other side identical to
 				 * the file being renamed: clean merge.
@@ -1447,13 +2749,14 @@ static int process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
 				 * update_file_flags() instead of
 				 * update_file().
 				 */
-				update_file_flags(o,
-						  ren1->pair->two->sha1,
-						  ren1->pair->two->mode,
-						  ren1_dst,
-						  1, /* update_cache */
-						  0  /* update_wd    */);
-			} else if (!sha_eq(dst_other.sha1, null_sha1)) {
+				if (update_file_flags(o,
+						      &ren1->pair->two->oid,
+						      ren1->pair->two->mode,
+						      ren1_dst,
+						      1, /* update_cache */
+						      0  /* update_wd    */))
+					clean_merge = -1;
+			} else if (!oid_eq(&dst_other.oid, &null_oid)) {
 				clean_merge = 0;
 				try_merge = 1;
 				output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. "
@@ -1462,22 +2765,33 @@ static int process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
 				       ren1_dst, branch2);
 				if (o->call_depth) {
 					struct merge_file_info mfi;
-					mfi = merge_file_one(o, ren1_dst, null_sha1, 0,
-							 ren1->pair->two->sha1, ren1->pair->two->mode,
-							 dst_other.sha1, dst_other.mode,
-							 branch1, branch2);
+					if (merge_file_one(o, ren1_dst, &null_oid, 0,
+							   &ren1->pair->two->oid,
+							   ren1->pair->two->mode,
+							   &dst_other.oid,
+							   dst_other.mode,
+							   branch1, branch2, &mfi)) {
+						clean_merge = -1;
+						goto cleanup_and_return;
+					}
 					output(o, 1, _("Adding merged %s"), ren1_dst);
-					update_file(o, 0, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, ren1_dst);
+					if (update_file(o, 0, &mfi.oid,
+							mfi.mode, ren1_dst))
+						clean_merge = -1;
 					try_merge = 0;
 				} else {
 					char *new_path = unique_path(o, ren1_dst, branch2);
 					output(o, 1, _("Adding as %s instead"), new_path);
-					update_file(o, 0, dst_other.sha1, dst_other.mode, new_path);
+					if (update_file(o, 0, &dst_other.oid,
+							dst_other.mode, new_path))
+						clean_merge = -1;
 					free(new_path);
 				}
 			} else
 				try_merge = 1;
 
+			if (clean_merge < 0)
+				goto cleanup_and_return;
 			if (try_merge) {
 				struct diff_filespec *one, *a, *b;
 				src_other.path = (char *)ren1_src;
@@ -1504,56 +2818,163 @@ static int process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
 			}
 		}
 	}
+cleanup_and_return:
 	string_list_clear(&a_by_dst, 0);
 	string_list_clear(&b_by_dst, 0);
 
 	return clean_merge;
 }
 
-static unsigned char *stage_sha(const unsigned char *sha, unsigned mode)
+struct rename_info {
+	struct string_list *head_renames;
+	struct string_list *merge_renames;
+};
+
+static void initial_cleanup_rename(struct diff_queue_struct *pairs,
+				   struct hashmap *dir_renames)
+{
+	struct hashmap_iter iter;
+	struct dir_rename_entry *e;
+
+	hashmap_iter_init(dir_renames, &iter);
+	while ((e = hashmap_iter_next(&iter))) {
+		free(e->dir);
+		strbuf_release(&e->new_dir);
+		/* possible_new_dirs already cleared in get_directory_renames */
+	}
+	hashmap_free(dir_renames, 1);
+	free(dir_renames);
+
+	free(pairs->queue);
+	free(pairs);
+}
+
+static int detect_and_process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
+				      struct tree *common,
+				      struct tree *head,
+				      struct tree *merge,
+				      struct string_list *entries,
+				      struct rename_info *ri)
+{
+	struct diff_queue_struct *head_pairs, *merge_pairs;
+	struct hashmap *dir_re_head, *dir_re_merge;
+	int clean = 1;
+
+	ri->head_renames = NULL;
+	ri->merge_renames = NULL;
+
+	if (!merge_detect_rename(o))
+		return 1;
+
+	head_pairs = get_diffpairs(o, common, head);
+	merge_pairs = get_diffpairs(o, common, merge);
+
+	dir_re_head = get_directory_renames(head_pairs, head);
+	dir_re_merge = get_directory_renames(merge_pairs, merge);
+
+	handle_directory_level_conflicts(o,
+					 dir_re_head, head,
+					 dir_re_merge, merge);
+
+	ri->head_renames  = get_renames(o, head_pairs,
+					dir_re_merge, dir_re_head, head,
+					common, head, merge, entries,
+					&clean);
+	if (clean < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+	ri->merge_renames = get_renames(o, merge_pairs,
+					dir_re_head, dir_re_merge, merge,
+					common, head, merge, entries,
+					&clean);
+	if (clean < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+	clean &= process_renames(o, ri->head_renames, ri->merge_renames);
+
+cleanup:
+	/*
+	 * Some cleanup is deferred until cleanup_renames() because the
+	 * data structures are still needed and referenced in
+	 * process_entry().  But there are a few things we can free now.
+	 */
+	initial_cleanup_rename(head_pairs, dir_re_head);
+	initial_cleanup_rename(merge_pairs, dir_re_merge);
+
+	return clean;
+}
+
+static void final_cleanup_rename(struct string_list *rename)
+{
+	const struct rename *re;
+	int i;
+
+	if (rename == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < rename->nr; i++) {
+		re = rename->items[i].util;
+		diff_free_filepair(re->pair);
+	}
+	string_list_clear(rename, 1);
+	free(rename);
+}
+
+static void final_cleanup_renames(struct rename_info *re_info)
 {
-	return (is_null_sha1(sha) || mode == 0) ? NULL: (unsigned char *)sha;
+	final_cleanup_rename(re_info->head_renames);
+	final_cleanup_rename(re_info->merge_renames);
 }
 
-static int read_sha1_strbuf(const unsigned char *sha1, struct strbuf *dst)
+static struct object_id *stage_oid(const struct object_id *oid, unsigned mode)
+{
+	return (is_null_oid(oid) || mode == 0) ? NULL: (struct object_id *)oid;
+}
+
+static int read_oid_strbuf(struct merge_options *o,
+			   const struct object_id *oid,
+			   struct strbuf *dst)
 {
 	void *buf;
 	enum object_type type;
 	unsigned long size;
-	buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	buf = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
 	if (!buf)
-		return error(_("cannot read object %s"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		return err(o, _("cannot read object %s"), oid_to_hex(oid));
 	if (type != OBJ_BLOB) {
 		free(buf);
-		return error(_("object %s is not a blob"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		return err(o, _("object %s is not a blob"), oid_to_hex(oid));
 	}
 	strbuf_attach(dst, buf, size, size + 1);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int blob_unchanged(const unsigned char *o_sha,
-			  const unsigned char *a_sha,
+static int blob_unchanged(struct merge_options *opt,
+			  const struct object_id *o_oid,
+			  unsigned o_mode,
+			  const struct object_id *a_oid,
+			  unsigned a_mode,
 			  int renormalize, const char *path)
 {
 	struct strbuf o = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf a = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int ret = 0; /* assume changed for safety */
 
-	if (sha_eq(o_sha, a_sha))
+	if (a_mode != o_mode)
+		return 0;
+	if (oid_eq(o_oid, a_oid))
 		return 1;
 	if (!renormalize)
 		return 0;
 
-	assert(o_sha && a_sha);
-	if (read_sha1_strbuf(o_sha, &o) || read_sha1_strbuf(a_sha, &a))
+	assert(o_oid && a_oid);
+	if (read_oid_strbuf(opt, o_oid, &o) || read_oid_strbuf(opt, a_oid, &a))
 		goto error_return;
 	/*
 	 * Note: binary | is used so that both renormalizations are
 	 * performed.  Comparison can be skipped if both files are
 	 * unchanged since their sha1s have already been compared.
 	 */
-	if (renormalize_buffer(path, o.buf, o.len, &o) |
-	    renormalize_buffer(path, a.buf, a.len, &a))
+	if (renormalize_buffer(&the_index, path, o.buf, o.len, &o) |
+	    renormalize_buffer(&the_index, path, a.buf, a.len, &a))
 		ret = (o.len == a.len && !memcmp(o.buf, a.buf, o.len));
 
 error_return:
@@ -1562,25 +2983,42 @@ error_return:
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static void handle_modify_delete(struct merge_options *o,
-				 const char *path,
-				 unsigned char *o_sha, int o_mode,
-				 unsigned char *a_sha, int a_mode,
-				 unsigned char *b_sha, int b_mode)
+static int handle_modify_delete(struct merge_options *o,
+				const char *path,
+				struct object_id *o_oid, int o_mode,
+				struct object_id *a_oid, int a_mode,
+				struct object_id *b_oid, int b_mode)
 {
-	handle_change_delete(o,
-			     path,
-			     o_sha, o_mode,
-			     a_sha, a_mode,
-			     b_sha, b_mode,
-			     _("modify"), _("modified"));
+	const char *modify_branch, *delete_branch;
+	struct object_id *changed_oid;
+	int changed_mode;
+
+	if (a_oid) {
+		modify_branch = o->branch1;
+		delete_branch = o->branch2;
+		changed_oid = a_oid;
+		changed_mode = a_mode;
+	} else {
+		modify_branch = o->branch2;
+		delete_branch = o->branch1;
+		changed_oid = b_oid;
+		changed_mode = b_mode;
+	}
+
+	return handle_change_delete(o,
+				    path, NULL,
+				    o_oid, o_mode,
+				    changed_oid, changed_mode,
+				    modify_branch, delete_branch,
+				    _("modify"), _("modified"));
 }
 
 static int merge_content(struct merge_options *o,
 			 const char *path,
-			 unsigned char *o_sha, int o_mode,
-			 unsigned char *a_sha, int a_mode,
-			 unsigned char *b_sha, int b_mode,
+			 int is_dirty,
+			 struct object_id *o_oid, int o_mode,
+			 struct object_id *a_oid, int a_mode,
+			 struct object_id *b_oid, int b_mode,
 			 struct rename_conflict_info *rename_conflict_info)
 {
 	const char *reason = _("content");
@@ -1589,16 +3027,16 @@ static int merge_content(struct merge_options *o,
 	struct diff_filespec one, a, b;
 	unsigned df_conflict_remains = 0;
 
-	if (!o_sha) {
+	if (!o_oid) {
 		reason = _("add/add");
-		o_sha = (unsigned char *)null_sha1;
+		o_oid = (struct object_id *)&null_oid;
 	}
 	one.path = a.path = b.path = (char *)path;
-	hashcpy(one.sha1, o_sha);
+	oidcpy(&one.oid, o_oid);
 	one.mode = o_mode;
-	hashcpy(a.sha1, a_sha);
+	oidcpy(&a.oid, a_oid);
 	a.mode = a_mode;
-	hashcpy(b.sha1, b_sha);
+	oidcpy(&b.oid, b_oid);
 	b.mode = b_mode;
 
 	if (rename_conflict_info) {
@@ -1614,31 +3052,46 @@ static int merge_content(struct merge_options *o,
 			 o->branch2 == rename_conflict_info->branch1) ?
 			pair1->two->path : pair1->one->path;
 
-		if (dir_in_way(path, !o->call_depth))
+		if (dir_in_way(path, !o->call_depth,
+			       S_ISGITLINK(pair1->two->mode)))
 			df_conflict_remains = 1;
 	}
-	mfi = merge_file_special_markers(o, &one, &a, &b,
-					 o->branch1, path1,
-					 o->branch2, path2);
+	if (merge_file_special_markers(o, &one, &a, &b, path,
+				       o->branch1, path1,
+				       o->branch2, path2, &mfi))
+		return -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * We can skip updating the working tree file iff:
+	 *   a) The merge is clean
+	 *   b) The merge matches what was in HEAD (content, mode, pathname)
+	 *   c) The target path is usable (i.e. not involved in D/F conflict)
+	 */
+	if (mfi.clean &&
+	    was_tracked_and_matches(o, path, &mfi.oid, mfi.mode) &&
+	    !df_conflict_remains) {
+		int pos;
+		struct cache_entry *ce;
 
-	if (mfi.clean && !df_conflict_remains &&
-	    sha_eq(mfi.sha, a_sha) && mfi.mode == a_mode) {
-		int path_renamed_outside_HEAD;
 		output(o, 3, _("Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"), path);
+		if (add_cacheinfo(o, mfi.mode, &mfi.oid, path,
+				  0, (!o->call_depth && !is_dirty), 0))
+			return -1;
 		/*
-		 * The content merge resulted in the same file contents we
-		 * already had.  We can return early if those file contents
-		 * are recorded at the correct path (which may not be true
-		 * if the merge involves a rename).
+		 * However, add_cacheinfo() will delete the old cache entry
+		 * and add a new one.  We need to copy over any skip_worktree
+		 * flag to avoid making the file appear as if it were
+		 * deleted by the user.
 		 */
-		path_renamed_outside_HEAD = !path2 || !strcmp(path, path2);
-		if (!path_renamed_outside_HEAD) {
-			add_cacheinfo(mfi.mode, mfi.sha, path,
-				      0, (!o->call_depth), 0);
-			return mfi.clean;
+		pos = index_name_pos(&o->orig_index, path, strlen(path));
+		ce = o->orig_index.cache[pos];
+		if (ce_skip_worktree(ce)) {
+			pos = index_name_pos(&the_index, path, strlen(path));
+			ce = the_index.cache[pos];
+			ce->ce_flags |= CE_SKIP_WORKTREE;
 		}
-	} else
-		output(o, 2, _("Auto-merging %s"), path);
+		return mfi.clean;
+	}
 
 	if (!mfi.clean) {
 		if (S_ISGITLINK(mfi.mode))
@@ -1646,38 +3099,59 @@ static int merge_content(struct merge_options *o,
 		output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"),
 				reason, path);
 		if (rename_conflict_info && !df_conflict_remains)
-			update_stages(path, &one, &a, &b);
+			if (update_stages(o, path, &one, &a, &b))
+				return -1;
 	}
 
-	if (df_conflict_remains) {
+	if (df_conflict_remains || is_dirty) {
 		char *new_path;
 		if (o->call_depth) {
 			remove_file_from_cache(path);
 		} else {
-			if (!mfi.clean)
-				update_stages(path, &one, &a, &b);
-			else {
-				int file_from_stage2 = was_tracked(path);
+			if (!mfi.clean) {
+				if (update_stages(o, path, &one, &a, &b))
+					return -1;
+			} else {
+				int file_from_stage2 = was_tracked(o, path);
 				struct diff_filespec merged;
-				hashcpy(merged.sha1, mfi.sha);
+				oidcpy(&merged.oid, &mfi.oid);
 				merged.mode = mfi.mode;
 
-				update_stages(path, NULL,
-					      file_from_stage2 ? &merged : NULL,
-					      file_from_stage2 ? NULL : &merged);
+				if (update_stages(o, path, NULL,
+						  file_from_stage2 ? &merged : NULL,
+						  file_from_stage2 ? NULL : &merged))
+					return -1;
 			}
 
 		}
 		new_path = unique_path(o, path, rename_conflict_info->branch1);
+		if (is_dirty) {
+			output(o, 1, _("Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"),
+			       path);
+		}
 		output(o, 1, _("Adding as %s instead"), new_path);
-		update_file(o, 0, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, new_path);
+		if (update_file(o, 0, &mfi.oid, mfi.mode, new_path)) {
+			free(new_path);
+			return -1;
+		}
 		free(new_path);
 		mfi.clean = 0;
-	} else {
-		update_file(o, mfi.clean, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, path);
-	}
-	return mfi.clean;
+	} else if (update_file(o, mfi.clean, &mfi.oid, mfi.mode, path))
+		return -1;
+	return !is_dirty && mfi.clean;
+}
 
+static int handle_rename_normal(struct merge_options *o,
+				const char *path,
+				struct object_id *o_oid, unsigned int o_mode,
+				struct object_id *a_oid, unsigned int a_mode,
+				struct object_id *b_oid, unsigned int b_mode,
+				struct rename_conflict_info *ci)
+{
+	/* Merge the content and write it out */
+	return merge_content(o, path, was_dirty(o, path),
+			     o_oid, o_mode, a_oid, a_mode, b_oid, b_mode,
+			     ci);
 }
 
 /* Per entry merge function */
@@ -1689,9 +3163,9 @@ static int process_entry(struct merge_options *o,
 	unsigned o_mode = entry->stages[1].mode;
 	unsigned a_mode = entry->stages[2].mode;
 	unsigned b_mode = entry->stages[3].mode;
-	unsigned char *o_sha = stage_sha(entry->stages[1].sha, o_mode);
-	unsigned char *a_sha = stage_sha(entry->stages[2].sha, a_mode);
-	unsigned char *b_sha = stage_sha(entry->stages[3].sha, b_mode);
+	struct object_id *o_oid = stage_oid(&entry->stages[1].oid, o_mode);
+	struct object_id *a_oid = stage_oid(&entry->stages[2].oid, a_mode);
+	struct object_id *b_oid = stage_oid(&entry->stages[3].oid, b_mode);
 
 	entry->processed = 1;
 	if (entry->rename_conflict_info) {
@@ -1699,100 +3173,119 @@ static int process_entry(struct merge_options *o,
 		switch (conflict_info->rename_type) {
 		case RENAME_NORMAL:
 		case RENAME_ONE_FILE_TO_ONE:
-			clean_merge = merge_content(o, path,
-						    o_sha, o_mode, a_sha, a_mode, b_sha, b_mode,
-						    conflict_info);
+			clean_merge = handle_rename_normal(o,
+							   path,
+							   o_oid, o_mode,
+							   a_oid, a_mode,
+							   b_oid, b_mode,
+							   conflict_info);
+			break;
+		case RENAME_VIA_DIR:
+			clean_merge = 1;
+			if (handle_rename_via_dir(o,
+						  conflict_info->pair1,
+						  conflict_info->branch1,
+						  conflict_info->branch2))
+				clean_merge = -1;
 			break;
 		case RENAME_DELETE:
 			clean_merge = 0;
-			conflict_rename_delete(o, conflict_info->pair1,
-					       conflict_info->branch1,
-					       conflict_info->branch2);
+			if (handle_rename_delete(o,
+						 conflict_info->pair1,
+						 conflict_info->branch1,
+						 conflict_info->branch2))
+				clean_merge = -1;
 			break;
 		case RENAME_ONE_FILE_TO_TWO:
 			clean_merge = 0;
-			conflict_rename_rename_1to2(o, conflict_info);
+			if (handle_rename_rename_1to2(o, conflict_info))
+				clean_merge = -1;
 			break;
 		case RENAME_TWO_FILES_TO_ONE:
 			clean_merge = 0;
-			conflict_rename_rename_2to1(o, conflict_info);
+			if (handle_rename_rename_2to1(o, conflict_info))
+				clean_merge = -1;
 			break;
 		default:
 			entry->processed = 0;
 			break;
 		}
-	} else if (o_sha && (!a_sha || !b_sha)) {
+	} else if (o_oid && (!a_oid || !b_oid)) {
 		/* Case A: Deleted in one */
-		if ((!a_sha && !b_sha) ||
-		    (!b_sha && blob_unchanged(o_sha, a_sha, normalize, path)) ||
-		    (!a_sha && blob_unchanged(o_sha, b_sha, normalize, path))) {
+		if ((!a_oid && !b_oid) ||
+		    (!b_oid && blob_unchanged(o, o_oid, o_mode, a_oid, a_mode, normalize, path)) ||
+		    (!a_oid && blob_unchanged(o, o_oid, o_mode, b_oid, b_mode, normalize, path))) {
 			/* Deleted in both or deleted in one and
 			 * unchanged in the other */
-			if (a_sha)
+			if (a_oid)
 				output(o, 2, _("Removing %s"), path);
 			/* do not touch working file if it did not exist */
-			remove_file(o, 1, path, !a_sha);
+			remove_file(o, 1, path, !a_oid);
 		} else {
 			/* Modify/delete; deleted side may have put a directory in the way */
 			clean_merge = 0;
-			handle_modify_delete(o, path, o_sha, o_mode,
-					     a_sha, a_mode, b_sha, b_mode);
+			if (handle_modify_delete(o, path, o_oid, o_mode,
+						 a_oid, a_mode, b_oid, b_mode))
+				clean_merge = -1;
 		}
-	} else if ((!o_sha && a_sha && !b_sha) ||
-		   (!o_sha && !a_sha && b_sha)) {
+	} else if ((!o_oid && a_oid && !b_oid) ||
+		   (!o_oid && !a_oid && b_oid)) {
 		/* Case B: Added in one. */
 		/* [nothing|directory] -> ([nothing|directory], file) */
 
 		const char *add_branch;
 		const char *other_branch;
 		unsigned mode;
-		const unsigned char *sha;
+		const struct object_id *oid;
 		const char *conf;
 
-		if (a_sha) {
+		if (a_oid) {
 			add_branch = o->branch1;
 			other_branch = o->branch2;
 			mode = a_mode;
-			sha = a_sha;
+			oid = a_oid;
 			conf = _("file/directory");
 		} else {
 			add_branch = o->branch2;
 			other_branch = o->branch1;
 			mode = b_mode;
-			sha = b_sha;
+			oid = b_oid;
 			conf = _("directory/file");
 		}
-		if (dir_in_way(path, !o->call_depth)) {
+		if (dir_in_way(path,
+			       !o->call_depth && !S_ISGITLINK(a_mode),
+			       0)) {
 			char *new_path = unique_path(o, path, add_branch);
 			clean_merge = 0;
 			output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. "
 			       "Adding %s as %s"),
 			       conf, path, other_branch, path, new_path);
-			if (o->call_depth)
-				remove_file_from_cache(path);
-			update_file(o, 0, sha, mode, new_path);
-			if (o->call_depth)
+			if (update_file(o, 0, oid, mode, new_path))
+				clean_merge = -1;
+			else if (o->call_depth)
 				remove_file_from_cache(path);
 			free(new_path);
 		} else {
 			output(o, 2, _("Adding %s"), path);
 			/* do not overwrite file if already present */
-			update_file_flags(o, sha, mode, path, 1, !a_sha);
+			if (update_file_flags(o, oid, mode, path, 1, !a_oid))
+				clean_merge = -1;
 		}
-	} else if (a_sha && b_sha) {
+	} else if (a_oid && b_oid) {
 		/* Case C: Added in both (check for same permissions) and */
 		/* case D: Modified in both, but differently. */
-		clean_merge = merge_content(o, path,
-					    o_sha, o_mode, a_sha, a_mode, b_sha, b_mode,
+		int is_dirty = 0; /* unpack_trees would have bailed if dirty */
+		clean_merge = merge_content(o, path, is_dirty,
+					    o_oid, o_mode, a_oid, a_mode, b_oid, b_mode,
 					    NULL);
-	} else if (!o_sha && !a_sha && !b_sha) {
+	} else if (!o_oid && !a_oid && !b_oid) {
 		/*
 		 * this entry was deleted altogether. a_mode == 0 means
 		 * we had that path and want to actively remove it.
 		 */
 		remove_file(o, 1, path, !a_mode);
 	} else
-		die(_("Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."));
+		BUG("fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen.");
 
 	return clean_merge;
 }
@@ -1804,66 +3297,97 @@ int merge_trees(struct merge_options *o,
 		struct tree **result)
 {
 	int code, clean;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!o->call_depth && index_has_changes(&the_index, head, &sb)) {
+		err(o, _("Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n  %s"),
+		    sb.buf);
+		return -1;
+	}
 
 	if (o->subtree_shift) {
 		merge = shift_tree_object(head, merge, o->subtree_shift);
 		common = shift_tree_object(head, common, o->subtree_shift);
 	}
 
-	if (sha_eq(common->object.sha1, merge->object.sha1)) {
-		output(o, 0, _("Already up-to-date!"));
+	if (oid_eq(&common->object.oid, &merge->object.oid)) {
+		output(o, 0, _("Already up to date!"));
 		*result = head;
 		return 1;
 	}
 
-	code = git_merge_trees(o->call_depth, common, head, merge);
+	code = unpack_trees_start(o, common, head, merge);
 
 	if (code != 0) {
 		if (show(o, 4) || o->call_depth)
-			die(_("merging of trees %s and %s failed"),
-			    sha1_to_hex(head->object.sha1),
-			    sha1_to_hex(merge->object.sha1));
-		else
-			exit(128);
+			err(o, _("merging of trees %s and %s failed"),
+			    oid_to_hex(&head->object.oid),
+			    oid_to_hex(&merge->object.oid));
+		unpack_trees_finish(o);
+		return -1;
 	}
 
 	if (unmerged_cache()) {
-		struct string_list *entries, *re_head, *re_merge;
+		struct string_list *entries;
+		struct rename_info re_info;
 		int i;
-		string_list_clear(&o->current_file_set, 1);
-		string_list_clear(&o->current_directory_set, 1);
+		/*
+		 * Only need the hashmap while processing entries, so
+		 * initialize it here and free it when we are done running
+		 * through the entries. Keeping it in the merge_options as
+		 * opposed to decaring a local hashmap is for convenience
+		 * so that we don't have to pass it to around.
+		 */
+		hashmap_init(&o->current_file_dir_set, path_hashmap_cmp, NULL, 512);
 		get_files_dirs(o, head);
 		get_files_dirs(o, merge);
 
 		entries = get_unmerged();
+		clean = detect_and_process_renames(o, common, head, merge,
+						   entries, &re_info);
 		record_df_conflict_files(o, entries);
-		re_head  = get_renames(o, head, common, head, merge, entries);
-		re_merge = get_renames(o, merge, common, head, merge, entries);
-		clean = process_renames(o, re_head, re_merge);
+		if (clean < 0)
+			goto cleanup;
 		for (i = entries->nr-1; 0 <= i; i--) {
 			const char *path = entries->items[i].string;
 			struct stage_data *e = entries->items[i].util;
-			if (!e->processed
-				&& !process_entry(o, path, e))
-				clean = 0;
+			if (!e->processed) {
+				int ret = process_entry(o, path, e);
+				if (!ret)
+					clean = 0;
+				else if (ret < 0) {
+					clean = ret;
+					goto cleanup;
+				}
+			}
 		}
 		for (i = 0; i < entries->nr; i++) {
 			struct stage_data *e = entries->items[i].util;
 			if (!e->processed)
-				die(_("Unprocessed path??? %s"),
+				BUG("unprocessed path??? %s",
 				    entries->items[i].string);
 		}
 
-		string_list_clear(re_merge, 0);
-		string_list_clear(re_head, 0);
+	cleanup:
+		final_cleanup_renames(&re_info);
+
 		string_list_clear(entries, 1);
+		free(entries);
+
+		hashmap_free(&o->current_file_dir_set, 1);
 
+		if (clean < 0) {
+			unpack_trees_finish(o);
+			return clean;
+		}
 	}
 	else
 		clean = 1;
 
-	if (o->call_depth)
-		*result = write_tree_from_memory(o);
+	unpack_trees_finish(o);
+
+	if (o->call_depth && !(*result = write_tree_from_memory(o)))
+		return -1;
 
 	return clean;
 }
@@ -1891,7 +3415,7 @@ int merge_recursive(struct merge_options *o,
 {
 	struct commit_list *iter;
 	struct commit *merged_common_ancestors;
-	struct tree *mrtree = mrtree;
+	struct tree *mrtree;
 	int clean;
 
 	if (show(o, 4)) {
@@ -1919,7 +3443,7 @@ int merge_recursive(struct merge_options *o,
 		/* if there is no common ancestor, use an empty tree */
 		struct tree *tree;
 
-		tree = lookup_tree(EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
+		tree = lookup_tree(the_repository, the_repository->hash_algo->empty_tree);
 		merged_common_ancestors = make_virtual_commit(tree, "ancestor");
 	}
 
@@ -1929,23 +3453,25 @@ int merge_recursive(struct merge_options *o,
 		/*
 		 * When the merge fails, the result contains files
 		 * with conflict markers. The cleanness flag is
-		 * ignored, it was never actually used, as result of
-		 * merge_trees has always overwritten it: the committed
-		 * "conflicts" were already resolved.
+		 * ignored (unless indicating an error), it was never
+		 * actually used, as result of merge_trees has always
+		 * overwritten it: the committed "conflicts" were
+		 * already resolved.
 		 */
 		discard_cache();
 		saved_b1 = o->branch1;
 		saved_b2 = o->branch2;
 		o->branch1 = "Temporary merge branch 1";
 		o->branch2 = "Temporary merge branch 2";
-		merge_recursive(o, merged_common_ancestors, iter->item,
-				NULL, &merged_common_ancestors);
+		if (merge_recursive(o, merged_common_ancestors, iter->item,
+				    NULL, &merged_common_ancestors) < 0)
+			return -1;
 		o->branch1 = saved_b1;
 		o->branch2 = saved_b2;
 		o->call_depth--;
 
 		if (!merged_common_ancestors)
-			die(_("merge returned no commit"));
+			return err(o, _("merge returned no commit"));
 	}
 
 	discard_cache();
@@ -1953,8 +3479,13 @@ int merge_recursive(struct merge_options *o,
 		read_cache();
 
 	o->ancestor = "merged common ancestors";
-	clean = merge_trees(o, h1->tree, h2->tree, merged_common_ancestors->tree,
+	clean = merge_trees(o, get_commit_tree(h1), get_commit_tree(h2),
+			    get_commit_tree(merged_common_ancestors),
 			    &mrtree);
+	if (clean < 0) {
+		flush_output(o);
+		return clean;
+	}
 
 	if (o->call_depth) {
 		*result = make_virtual_commit(mrtree, "merged tree");
@@ -1962,17 +3493,21 @@ int merge_recursive(struct merge_options *o,
 		commit_list_insert(h2, &(*result)->parents->next);
 	}
 	flush_output(o);
+	if (!o->call_depth && o->buffer_output < 2)
+		strbuf_release(&o->obuf);
 	if (show(o, 2))
 		diff_warn_rename_limit("merge.renamelimit",
 				       o->needed_rename_limit, 0);
 	return clean;
 }
 
-static struct commit *get_ref(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *name)
+static struct commit *get_ref(const struct object_id *oid, const char *name)
 {
 	struct object *object;
 
-	object = deref_tag(parse_object(sha1), name, strlen(name));
+	object = deref_tag(the_repository, parse_object(the_repository, oid),
+			   name,
+			   strlen(name));
 	if (!object)
 		return NULL;
 	if (object->type == OBJ_TREE)
@@ -1985,14 +3520,14 @@ static struct commit *get_ref(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *name)
 }
 
 int merge_recursive_generic(struct merge_options *o,
-			    const unsigned char *head,
-			    const unsigned char *merge,
+			    const struct object_id *head,
+			    const struct object_id *merge,
 			    int num_base_list,
-			    const unsigned char **base_list,
+			    const struct object_id **base_list,
 			    struct commit **result)
 {
 	int clean;
-	struct lock_file *lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+	struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
 	struct commit *head_commit = get_ref(head, o->branch1);
 	struct commit *next_commit = get_ref(merge, o->branch2);
 	struct commit_list *ca = NULL;
@@ -2001,48 +3536,63 @@ int merge_recursive_generic(struct merge_options *o,
 		int i;
 		for (i = 0; i < num_base_list; ++i) {
 			struct commit *base;
-			if (!(base = get_ref(base_list[i], sha1_to_hex(base_list[i]))))
-				return error(_("Could not parse object '%s'"),
-					sha1_to_hex(base_list[i]));
+			if (!(base = get_ref(base_list[i], oid_to_hex(base_list[i]))))
+				return err(o, _("Could not parse object '%s'"),
+					   oid_to_hex(base_list[i]));
 			commit_list_insert(base, &ca);
 		}
 	}
 
-	hold_locked_index(lock, 1);
+	hold_locked_index(&lock, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 	clean = merge_recursive(o, head_commit, next_commit, ca,
-			result);
-	if (active_cache_changed &&
-	    write_locked_index(&the_index, lock, COMMIT_LOCK))
-		return error(_("Unable to write index."));
+				result);
+	if (clean < 0) {
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+		return clean;
+	}
+
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock,
+			       COMMIT_LOCK | SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED))
+		return err(o, _("Unable to write index."));
 
 	return clean ? 0 : 1;
 }
 
 static void merge_recursive_config(struct merge_options *o)
 {
+	char *value = NULL;
 	git_config_get_int("merge.verbosity", &o->verbosity);
 	git_config_get_int("diff.renamelimit", &o->diff_rename_limit);
 	git_config_get_int("merge.renamelimit", &o->merge_rename_limit);
+	if (!git_config_get_string("diff.renames", &value)) {
+		o->diff_detect_rename = git_config_rename("diff.renames", value);
+		free(value);
+	}
+	if (!git_config_get_string("merge.renames", &value)) {
+		o->merge_detect_rename = git_config_rename("merge.renames", value);
+		free(value);
+	}
 	git_config(git_xmerge_config, NULL);
 }
 
 void init_merge_options(struct merge_options *o)
 {
+	const char *merge_verbosity;
 	memset(o, 0, sizeof(struct merge_options));
 	o->verbosity = 2;
 	o->buffer_output = 1;
 	o->diff_rename_limit = -1;
 	o->merge_rename_limit = -1;
 	o->renormalize = 0;
+	o->diff_detect_rename = -1;
+	o->merge_detect_rename = -1;
 	merge_recursive_config(o);
-	if (getenv("GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY"))
-		o->verbosity =
-			strtol(getenv("GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY"), NULL, 10);
+	merge_verbosity = getenv("GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY");
+	if (merge_verbosity)
+		o->verbosity = strtol(merge_verbosity, NULL, 10);
 	if (o->verbosity >= 5)
 		o->buffer_output = 0;
 	strbuf_init(&o->obuf, 0);
-	string_list_init(&o->current_file_set, 1);
-	string_list_init(&o->current_directory_set, 1);
 	string_list_init(&o->df_conflict_file_set, 1);
 }
 
@@ -2074,18 +3624,28 @@ int parse_merge_opt(struct merge_options *o, const char *s)
 		o->xdl_opts |= value;
 	}
 	else if (!strcmp(s, "ignore-space-change"))
-		o->xdl_opts |= XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE;
+		DIFF_XDL_SET(o, IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE);
 	else if (!strcmp(s, "ignore-all-space"))
-		o->xdl_opts |= XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE;
+		DIFF_XDL_SET(o, IGNORE_WHITESPACE);
 	else if (!strcmp(s, "ignore-space-at-eol"))
-		o->xdl_opts |= XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL;
+		DIFF_XDL_SET(o, IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL);
+	else if (!strcmp(s, "ignore-cr-at-eol"))
+		DIFF_XDL_SET(o, IGNORE_CR_AT_EOL);
 	else if (!strcmp(s, "renormalize"))
 		o->renormalize = 1;
 	else if (!strcmp(s, "no-renormalize"))
 		o->renormalize = 0;
-	else if (skip_prefix(s, "rename-threshold=", &arg)) {
+	else if (!strcmp(s, "no-renames"))
+		o->merge_detect_rename = 0;
+	else if (!strcmp(s, "find-renames")) {
+		o->merge_detect_rename = 1;
+		o->rename_score = 0;
+	}
+	else if (skip_prefix(s, "find-renames=", &arg) ||
+		 skip_prefix(s, "rename-threshold=", &arg)) {
 		if ((o->rename_score = parse_rename_score(&arg)) == -1 || *arg != 0)
 			return -1;
+		o->merge_detect_rename = 1;
 	}
 	else
 		return -1;
diff --git a/merge-recursive.h b/merge-recursive.h
index 9e090a3470..0c46a5a4ff 100644
--- a/merge-recursive.h
+++ b/merge-recursive.h
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
 #define MERGE_RECURSIVE_H
 
 #include "string-list.h"
+#include "unpack-trees.h"
+
+struct commit;
 
 struct merge_options {
 	const char *ancestor;
@@ -13,10 +16,12 @@ struct merge_options {
 		MERGE_RECURSIVE_THEIRS
 	} recursive_variant;
 	const char *subtree_shift;
-	unsigned buffer_output : 1;
+	unsigned buffer_output; /* 1: output at end, 2: keep buffered */
 	unsigned renormalize : 1;
 	long xdl_opts;
 	int verbosity;
+	int diff_detect_rename;
+	int merge_detect_rename;
 	int diff_rename_limit;
 	int merge_rename_limit;
 	int rename_score;
@@ -24,11 +29,43 @@ struct merge_options {
 	int show_rename_progress;
 	int call_depth;
 	struct strbuf obuf;
-	struct string_list current_file_set;
-	struct string_list current_directory_set;
+	struct hashmap current_file_dir_set;
 	struct string_list df_conflict_file_set;
+	struct unpack_trees_options unpack_opts;
+	struct index_state orig_index;
+};
+
+/*
+ * For dir_rename_entry, directory names are stored as a full path from the
+ * toplevel of the repository and do not include a trailing '/'.  Also:
+ *
+ *   dir:                original name of directory being renamed
+ *   non_unique_new_dir: if true, could not determine new_dir
+ *   new_dir:            final name of directory being renamed
+ *   possible_new_dirs:  temporary used to help determine new_dir; see comments
+ *                       in get_directory_renames() for details
+ */
+struct dir_rename_entry {
+	struct hashmap_entry ent; /* must be the first member! */
+	char *dir;
+	unsigned non_unique_new_dir:1;
+	struct strbuf new_dir;
+	struct string_list possible_new_dirs;
+};
+
+struct collision_entry {
+	struct hashmap_entry ent; /* must be the first member! */
+	char *target_file;
+	struct string_list source_files;
+	unsigned reported_already:1;
 };
 
+static inline int merge_detect_rename(struct merge_options *o)
+{
+	return o->merge_detect_rename >= 0 ? o->merge_detect_rename :
+		o->diff_detect_rename >= 0 ? o->diff_detect_rename : 1;
+}
+
 /* merge_trees() but with recursive ancestor consolidation */
 int merge_recursive(struct merge_options *o,
 		    struct commit *h1,
@@ -48,10 +85,10 @@ int merge_trees(struct merge_options *o,
  * virtual commits and call merge_recursive() proper.
  */
 int merge_recursive_generic(struct merge_options *o,
-			    const unsigned char *head,
-			    const unsigned char *merge,
+			    const struct object_id *head,
+			    const struct object_id *merge,
 			    int num_ca,
-			    const unsigned char **ca,
+			    const struct object_id **ca,
 			    struct commit **result);
 
 void init_merge_options(struct merge_options *o);
diff --git a/merge.c b/merge.c
index fcff632bd6..e30e03fb84 100644
--- a/merge.c
+++ b/merge.c
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "diffcore.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
@@ -9,10 +11,7 @@
 
 static const char *merge_argument(struct commit *commit)
 {
-	if (commit)
-		return sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1);
-	else
-		return EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX;
+	return oid_to_hex(commit ? &commit->object.oid : the_hash_algo->empty_tree);
 }
 
 int try_merge_command(const char *strategy, size_t xopts_nr,
@@ -44,8 +43,8 @@ int try_merge_command(const char *strategy, size_t xopts_nr,
 	return ret;
 }
 
-int checkout_fast_forward(const unsigned char *head,
-			  const unsigned char *remote,
+int checkout_fast_forward(const struct object_id *head,
+			  const struct object_id *remote,
 			  int overwrite_ignore)
 {
 	struct tree *trees[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
@@ -53,15 +52,32 @@ int checkout_fast_forward(const unsigned char *head,
 	struct tree_desc t[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
 	int i, nr_trees = 0;
 	struct dir_struct dir;
-	struct lock_file *lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
 
 	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
 
-	hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
+	if (hold_locked_index(&lock_file, LOCK_REPORT_ON_ERROR) < 0)
+		return -1;
 
 	memset(&trees, 0, sizeof(trees));
-	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 	memset(&t, 0, sizeof(t));
+
+	trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(head);
+	if (!trees[nr_trees++]) {
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock_file);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(remote);
+	if (!trees[nr_trees++]) {
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock_file);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_trees; i++) {
+		parse_tree(trees[i]);
+		init_tree_desc(t+i, trees[i]->buffer, trees[i]->size);
+	}
+
+	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 	if (overwrite_ignore) {
 		memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
 		dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
@@ -78,19 +94,14 @@ int checkout_fast_forward(const unsigned char *head,
 	opts.fn = twoway_merge;
 	setup_unpack_trees_porcelain(&opts, "merge");
 
-	trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(head);
-	if (!trees[nr_trees++])
-		return -1;
-	trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(remote);
-	if (!trees[nr_trees++])
+	if (unpack_trees(nr_trees, t, &opts)) {
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock_file);
+		clear_unpack_trees_porcelain(&opts);
 		return -1;
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_trees; i++) {
-		parse_tree(trees[i]);
-		init_tree_desc(t+i, trees[i]->buffer, trees[i]->size);
 	}
-	if (unpack_trees(nr_trees, t, &opts))
-		return -1;
-	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
-		die(_("unable to write new index file"));
+	clear_unpack_trees_porcelain(&opts);
+
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
+		return error(_("unable to write new index file"));
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/mergetools/araxis b/mergetools/araxis
index 64f97c5e97..e2407b65b7 100644
--- a/mergetools/araxis
+++ b/mergetools/araxis
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ diff_cmd () {
 }
 
 merge_cmd () {
-	touch "$BACKUP"
 	if $base_present
 	then
 		"$merge_tool_path" -wait -merge -3 -a1 \
@@ -12,7 +11,6 @@ merge_cmd () {
 		"$merge_tool_path" -wait -2 \
 			"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED" >/dev/null 2>&1
 	fi
-	check_unchanged
 }
 
 translate_merge_tool_path() {
diff --git a/mergetools/bc b/mergetools/bc
index b6319d206e..3a69e60faa 100644
--- a/mergetools/bc
+++ b/mergetools/bc
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ diff_cmd () {
 }
 
 merge_cmd () {
-	touch "$BACKUP"
 	if $base_present
 	then
 		"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$BASE" \
@@ -12,7 +11,6 @@ merge_cmd () {
 		"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
 			-mergeoutput="$MERGED"
 	fi
-	check_unchanged
 }
 
 translate_merge_tool_path() {
diff --git a/mergetools/codecompare b/mergetools/codecompare
index 3f0486bc80..9f60e8da65 100644
--- a/mergetools/codecompare
+++ b/mergetools/codecompare
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ diff_cmd () {
 }
 
 merge_cmd () {
-	touch "$BACKUP"
 	if $base_present
 	then
 		"$merge_tool_path" -MF="$LOCAL" -TF="$REMOTE" -BF="$BASE" \
@@ -12,7 +11,6 @@ merge_cmd () {
 		"$merge_tool_path" -MF="$LOCAL" -TF="$REMOTE" \
 			-RF="$MERGED"
 	fi
-	check_unchanged
 }
 
 translate_merge_tool_path() {
diff --git a/mergetools/deltawalker b/mergetools/deltawalker
index b3c71b6236..ee6f374bce 100644
--- a/mergetools/deltawalker
+++ b/mergetools/deltawalker
@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ merge_cmd () {
 	fi >/dev/null 2>&1
 }
 
-translate_merge_tool_path() {
+translate_merge_tool_path () {
 	echo DeltaWalker
 }
+
+exit_code_trustable () {
+	true
+}
diff --git a/mergetools/diffmerge b/mergetools/diffmerge
index f138cb4e73..9b6355b98a 100644
--- a/mergetools/diffmerge
+++ b/mergetools/diffmerge
@@ -12,3 +12,7 @@ merge_cmd () {
 			--result="$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
 	fi
 }
+
+exit_code_trustable () {
+	true
+}
diff --git a/mergetools/diffuse b/mergetools/diffuse
index 02e0843f47..5a3ae8b569 100644
--- a/mergetools/diffuse
+++ b/mergetools/diffuse
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ diff_cmd () {
 }
 
 merge_cmd () {
-	touch "$BACKUP"
 	if $base_present
 	then
 		"$merge_tool_path" \
@@ -13,5 +12,4 @@ merge_cmd () {
 		"$merge_tool_path" \
 			"$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE" | cat
 	fi
-	check_unchanged
 }
diff --git a/mergetools/ecmerge b/mergetools/ecmerge
index 13c2e439de..6c5101c4f7 100644
--- a/mergetools/ecmerge
+++ b/mergetools/ecmerge
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ diff_cmd () {
 }
 
 merge_cmd () {
-	touch "$BACKUP"
 	if $base_present
 	then
 		"$merge_tool_path" "$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
@@ -12,5 +11,4 @@ merge_cmd () {
 		"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
 			--default --mode=merge2 --to="$MERGED"
 	fi
-	check_unchanged
 }
diff --git a/mergetools/emerge b/mergetools/emerge
index 7b895fdb1f..d1ce513ff5 100644
--- a/mergetools/emerge
+++ b/mergetools/emerge
@@ -20,3 +20,7 @@ merge_cmd () {
 translate_merge_tool_path() {
 	echo emacs
 }
+
+exit_code_trustable () {
+	true
+}
diff --git a/mergetools/examdiff b/mergetools/examdiff
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e72b06fc4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mergetools/examdiff
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+diff_cmd () {
+	"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" -nh
+}
+
+merge_cmd () {
+	if $base_present
+	then
+		"$merge_tool_path" -merge "$LOCAL" "$BASE" "$REMOTE" -o:"$MERGED" -nh
+	else
+		"$merge_tool_path" -merge "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" -o:"$MERGED" -nh
+	fi
+}
+
+translate_merge_tool_path() {
+	mergetool_find_win32_cmd "ExamDiff.com" "ExamDiff Pro"
+}
diff --git a/mergetools/guiffy b/mergetools/guiffy
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8b23a13c41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mergetools/guiffy
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+diff_cmd () {
+	"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+}
+
+merge_cmd () {
+	if $base_present
+	then
+		"$merge_tool_path" -s "$LOCAL" \
+		"$REMOTE" "$BASE" "$MERGED"
+	else
+		"$merge_tool_path" -m "$LOCAL" \
+		"$REMOTE" "$MERGED"
+	fi
+}
+
+exit_code_trustable () {
+	true
+}
diff --git a/mergetools/kdiff3 b/mergetools/kdiff3
index 793d1293b1..0264ed5b20 100644
--- a/mergetools/kdiff3
+++ b/mergetools/kdiff3
@@ -21,3 +21,7 @@ merge_cmd () {
 		>/dev/null 2>&1
 	fi
 }
+
+exit_code_trustable () {
+	true
+}
diff --git a/mergetools/kompare b/mergetools/kompare
index 433686c12a..e8c0bfa678 100644
--- a/mergetools/kompare
+++ b/mergetools/kompare
@@ -5,3 +5,7 @@ can_merge () {
 diff_cmd () {
 	"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
 }
+
+exit_code_trustable () {
+	true
+}
diff --git a/mergetools/meld b/mergetools/meld
index 83ebdfb4c3..7a08470f88 100644
--- a/mergetools/meld
+++ b/mergetools/meld
@@ -7,15 +7,14 @@ merge_cmd () {
 	then
 		check_meld_for_output_version
 	fi
-	touch "$BACKUP"
+
 	if test "$meld_has_output_option" = true
 	then
-		"$merge_tool_path" --output "$MERGED" \
+		"$merge_tool_path" --output="$MERGED" \
 			"$LOCAL" "$BASE" "$REMOTE"
 	else
 		"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
 	fi
-	check_unchanged
 }
 
 # Check whether we should use 'meld --output <file>'
diff --git a/mergetools/opendiff b/mergetools/opendiff
index 0942b2a733..b608dd6de3 100644
--- a/mergetools/opendiff
+++ b/mergetools/opendiff
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ diff_cmd () {
 }
 
 merge_cmd () {
-	touch "$BACKUP"
 	if $base_present
 	then
 		"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
@@ -12,5 +11,4 @@ merge_cmd () {
 		"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
 			-merge "$MERGED" | cat
 	fi
-	check_unchanged
 }
diff --git a/mergetools/p4merge b/mergetools/p4merge
index 5a608abf9c..7a5b291dd2 100644
--- a/mergetools/p4merge
+++ b/mergetools/p4merge
@@ -20,14 +20,12 @@ diff_cmd () {
 }
 
 merge_cmd () {
-	touch "$BACKUP"
 	if ! $base_present
 	then
 		cp -- "$LOCAL" "$BASE"
 		create_virtual_base "$BASE" "$REMOTE"
 	fi
 	"$merge_tool_path" "$BASE" "$REMOTE" "$LOCAL" "$MERGED"
-	check_unchanged
 }
 
 create_empty_file () {
diff --git a/mergetools/tkdiff b/mergetools/tkdiff
index 618c438e87..eee5cb57e3 100644
--- a/mergetools/tkdiff
+++ b/mergetools/tkdiff
@@ -10,3 +10,7 @@ merge_cmd () {
 		"$merge_tool_path" -o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
 	fi
 }
+
+exit_code_trustable () {
+	true
+}
diff --git a/mergetools/tortoisemerge b/mergetools/tortoisemerge
index 3b89f1c82d..d7ab666a59 100644
--- a/mergetools/tortoisemerge
+++ b/mergetools/tortoisemerge
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ can_diff () {
 merge_cmd () {
 	if $base_present
 	then
-		touch "$BACKUP"
 		basename="$(basename "$merge_tool_path" .exe)"
 		if test "$basename" = "tortoisegitmerge"
 		then
@@ -17,7 +16,6 @@ merge_cmd () {
 				-base:"$BASE" -mine:"$LOCAL" \
 				-theirs:"$REMOTE" -merged:"$MERGED"
 		fi
-		check_unchanged
 	else
 		echo "$merge_tool_path cannot be used without a base" 1>&2
 		return 1
diff --git a/mergetools/vimdiff b/mergetools/vimdiff
index 1ddfbfcd78..10d86f3e19 100644
--- a/mergetools/vimdiff
+++ b/mergetools/vimdiff
@@ -4,13 +4,12 @@ diff_cmd () {
 }
 
 merge_cmd () {
-	touch "$BACKUP"
 	case "$1" in
 	gvimdiff|vimdiff)
 		if $base_present
 		then
-			"$merge_tool_path" -f -d -c 'wincmd J' \
-				"$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$BASE" "$REMOTE"
+			"$merge_tool_path" -f -d -c '4wincmd w | wincmd J' \
+				"$LOCAL" "$BASE" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED"
 		else
 			"$merge_tool_path" -f -d -c 'wincmd l' \
 				"$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
@@ -31,7 +30,6 @@ merge_cmd () {
 		fi
 		;;
 	esac
-	check_unchanged
 }
 
 translate_merge_tool_path() {
@@ -44,3 +42,7 @@ translate_merge_tool_path() {
 		;;
 	esac
 }
+
+exit_code_trustable () {
+	true
+}
diff --git a/mergetools/winmerge b/mergetools/winmerge
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..74d03259fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mergetools/winmerge
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+diff_cmd () {
+	"$merge_tool_path" -u -e "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+	return 0
+}
+
+merge_cmd () {
+	# mergetool.winmerge.trustExitCode is implicitly false.
+	# touch $BACKUP so that we can check_unchanged.
+	"$merge_tool_path" -u -e -dl Local -dr Remote \
+		"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED"
+}
+
+translate_merge_tool_path() {
+	mergetool_find_win32_cmd "WinMergeU.exe" "WinMerge"
+}
diff --git a/mergetools/xxdiff b/mergetools/xxdiff
index 05b443394b..ce5b8e9f29 100644
--- a/mergetools/xxdiff
+++ b/mergetools/xxdiff
@@ -1,25 +1,23 @@
 diff_cmd () {
 	"$merge_tool_path" \
 		-R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
-		-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
+		-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl+G"' \
 		"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
 }
 
 merge_cmd () {
-	touch "$BACKUP"
 	if $base_present
 	then
 		"$merge_tool_path" -X --show-merged-pane \
-			-R 'Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"' \
+			-R 'Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl+S"' \
 			-R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
-			-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
+			-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl+G"' \
 			--merged-file "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$BASE" "$REMOTE"
 	else
 		"$merge_tool_path" -X $extra \
-			-R 'Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"' \
+			-R 'Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl+S"' \
 			-R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
-			-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
+			-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl+G"' \
 			--merged-file "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
 	fi
-	check_unchanged
 }
diff --git a/name-hash.c b/name-hash.c
index 702cd0518f..163849831c 100644
--- a/name-hash.c
+++ b/name-hash.c
@@ -11,27 +11,39 @@
 struct dir_entry {
 	struct hashmap_entry ent;
 	struct dir_entry *parent;
-	struct cache_entry *ce;
 	int nr;
 	unsigned int namelen;
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
 };
 
-static int dir_entry_cmp(const struct dir_entry *e1,
-		const struct dir_entry *e2, const char *name)
+static int dir_entry_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+			 const void *entry,
+			 const void *entry_or_key,
+			 const void *keydata)
 {
-	return e1->namelen != e2->namelen || strncasecmp(e1->ce->name,
-			name ? name : e2->ce->name, e1->namelen);
+	const struct dir_entry *e1 = entry;
+	const struct dir_entry *e2 = entry_or_key;
+	const char *name = keydata;
+
+	return e1->namelen != e2->namelen || strncasecmp(e1->name,
+			name ? name : e2->name, e1->namelen);
 }
 
-static struct dir_entry *find_dir_entry(struct index_state *istate,
-		const char *name, unsigned int namelen)
+static struct dir_entry *find_dir_entry__hash(struct index_state *istate,
+		const char *name, unsigned int namelen, unsigned int hash)
 {
 	struct dir_entry key;
-	hashmap_entry_init(&key, memihash(name, namelen));
+	hashmap_entry_init(&key, hash);
 	key.namelen = namelen;
 	return hashmap_get(&istate->dir_hash, &key, name);
 }
 
+static struct dir_entry *find_dir_entry(struct index_state *istate,
+		const char *name, unsigned int namelen)
+{
+	return find_dir_entry__hash(istate, name, namelen, memihash(name, namelen));
+}
+
 static struct dir_entry *hash_dir_entry(struct index_state *istate,
 		struct cache_entry *ce, int namelen)
 {
@@ -41,14 +53,6 @@ static struct dir_entry *hash_dir_entry(struct index_state *istate,
 	 * closing slash.  Despite submodules being a directory, they never
 	 * reach this point, because they are stored
 	 * in index_state.name_hash (as ordinary cache_entries).
-	 *
-	 * Note that the cache_entry stored with the dir_entry merely
-	 * supplies the name of the directory (up to dir_entry.namelen). We
-	 * track the number of 'active' files in a directory in dir_entry.nr,
-	 * so we can tell if the directory is still relevant, e.g. for git
-	 * status. However, if cache_entries are removed, we cannot pinpoint
-	 * an exact cache_entry that's still active. It is very possible that
-	 * multiple dir_entries point to the same cache_entry.
 	 */
 	struct dir_entry *dir;
 
@@ -63,10 +67,9 @@ static struct dir_entry *hash_dir_entry(struct index_state *istate,
 	dir = find_dir_entry(istate, ce->name, namelen);
 	if (!dir) {
 		/* not found, create it and add to hash table */
-		dir = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct dir_entry));
+		FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(dir, name, ce->name, namelen);
 		hashmap_entry_init(dir, memihash(ce->name, namelen));
 		dir->namelen = namelen;
-		dir->ce = ce;
 		hashmap_add(&istate->dir_hash, dir);
 
 		/* recursively add missing parent directories */
@@ -110,9 +113,13 @@ static void hash_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce)
 		add_dir_entry(istate, ce);
 }
 
-static int cache_entry_cmp(const struct cache_entry *ce1,
-		const struct cache_entry *ce2, const void *remove)
+static int cache_entry_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+			   const void *entry,
+			   const void *entry_or_key,
+			   const void *remove)
 {
+	const struct cache_entry *ce1 = entry;
+	const struct cache_entry *ce2 = entry_or_key;
 	/*
 	 * For remove_name_hash, find the exact entry (pointer equality); for
 	 * index_file_exists, find all entries with matching hash code and
@@ -121,18 +128,500 @@ static int cache_entry_cmp(const struct cache_entry *ce1,
 	return remove ? !(ce1 == ce2) : 0;
 }
 
+static int lazy_try_threaded = 1;
+static int lazy_nr_dir_threads;
+
+#ifdef NO_PTHREADS
+
+static inline int lookup_lazy_params(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static inline void threaded_lazy_init_name_hash(
+	struct index_state *istate)
+{
+}
+
+#else
+
+#include "thread-utils.h"
+
+/*
+ * Set a minimum number of cache_entries that we will handle per
+ * thread and use that to decide how many threads to run (upto
+ * the number on the system).
+ *
+ * For guidance setting the lower per-thread bound, see:
+ *     t/helper/test-lazy-init-name-hash --analyze
+ */
+#define LAZY_THREAD_COST (2000)
+
+/*
+ * We use n mutexes to guard n partitions of the "istate->dir_hash"
+ * hashtable.  Since "find" and "insert" operations will hash to a
+ * particular bucket and modify/search a single chain, we can say
+ * that "all chains mod n" are guarded by the same mutex -- rather
+ * than having a single mutex to guard the entire table.  (This does
+ * require that we disable "rehashing" on the hashtable.)
+ *
+ * So, a larger value here decreases the probability of a collision
+ * and the time that each thread must wait for the mutex.
+ */
+#define LAZY_MAX_MUTEX   (32)
+
+static pthread_mutex_t *lazy_dir_mutex_array;
+
+/*
+ * An array of lazy_entry items is used by the n threads in
+ * the directory parse (first) phase to (lock-free) store the
+ * intermediate results.  These values are then referenced by
+ * the 2 threads in the second phase.
+ */
+struct lazy_entry {
+	struct dir_entry *dir;
+	unsigned int hash_dir;
+	unsigned int hash_name;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Decide if we want to use threads (if available) to load
+ * the hash tables.  We set "lazy_nr_dir_threads" to zero when
+ * it is not worth it.
+ */
+static int lookup_lazy_params(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	int nr_cpus;
+
+	lazy_nr_dir_threads = 0;
+
+	if (!lazy_try_threaded)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we are respecting case, just use the original
+	 * code to build the "istate->name_hash".  We don't
+	 * need the complexity here.
+	 */
+	if (!ignore_case)
+		return 0;
+
+	nr_cpus = online_cpus();
+	if (nr_cpus < 2)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (istate->cache_nr < 2 * LAZY_THREAD_COST)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (istate->cache_nr < nr_cpus * LAZY_THREAD_COST)
+		nr_cpus = istate->cache_nr / LAZY_THREAD_COST;
+	lazy_nr_dir_threads = nr_cpus;
+	return lazy_nr_dir_threads;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialize n mutexes for use when searching and inserting
+ * into "istate->dir_hash".  All "dir" threads are trying
+ * to insert partial pathnames into the hash as they iterate
+ * over their portions of the index, so lock contention is
+ * high.
+ *
+ * However, the hashmap is going to put items into bucket
+ * chains based on their hash values.  Use that to create n
+ * mutexes and lock on mutex[bucket(hash) % n].  This will
+ * decrease the collision rate by (hopefully) by a factor of n.
+ */
+static void init_dir_mutex(void)
+{
+	int j;
+
+	lazy_dir_mutex_array = xcalloc(LAZY_MAX_MUTEX, sizeof(pthread_mutex_t));
+
+	for (j = 0; j < LAZY_MAX_MUTEX; j++)
+		init_recursive_mutex(&lazy_dir_mutex_array[j]);
+}
+
+static void cleanup_dir_mutex(void)
+{
+	int j;
+
+	for (j = 0; j < LAZY_MAX_MUTEX; j++)
+		pthread_mutex_destroy(&lazy_dir_mutex_array[j]);
+
+	free(lazy_dir_mutex_array);
+}
+
+static void lock_dir_mutex(int j)
+{
+	pthread_mutex_lock(&lazy_dir_mutex_array[j]);
+}
+
+static void unlock_dir_mutex(int j)
+{
+	pthread_mutex_unlock(&lazy_dir_mutex_array[j]);
+}
+
+static inline int compute_dir_lock_nr(
+	const struct hashmap *map,
+	unsigned int hash)
+{
+	return hashmap_bucket(map, hash) % LAZY_MAX_MUTEX;
+}
+
+static struct dir_entry *hash_dir_entry_with_parent_and_prefix(
+	struct index_state *istate,
+	struct dir_entry *parent,
+	struct strbuf *prefix)
+{
+	struct dir_entry *dir;
+	unsigned int hash;
+	int lock_nr;
+
+	/*
+	 * Either we have a parent directory and path with slash(es)
+	 * or the directory is an immediate child of the root directory.
+	 */
+	assert((parent != NULL) ^ (strchr(prefix->buf, '/') == NULL));
+
+	if (parent)
+		hash = memihash_cont(parent->ent.hash,
+			prefix->buf + parent->namelen,
+			prefix->len - parent->namelen);
+	else
+		hash = memihash(prefix->buf, prefix->len);
+
+	lock_nr = compute_dir_lock_nr(&istate->dir_hash, hash);
+	lock_dir_mutex(lock_nr);
+
+	dir = find_dir_entry__hash(istate, prefix->buf, prefix->len, hash);
+	if (!dir) {
+		FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(dir, name, prefix->buf, prefix->len);
+		hashmap_entry_init(dir, hash);
+		dir->namelen = prefix->len;
+		dir->parent = parent;
+		hashmap_add(&istate->dir_hash, dir);
+
+		if (parent) {
+			unlock_dir_mutex(lock_nr);
+
+			/* All I really need here is an InterlockedIncrement(&(parent->nr)) */
+			lock_nr = compute_dir_lock_nr(&istate->dir_hash, parent->ent.hash);
+			lock_dir_mutex(lock_nr);
+			parent->nr++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	unlock_dir_mutex(lock_nr);
+
+	return dir;
+}
+
+/*
+ * handle_range_1() and handle_range_dir() are derived from
+ * clear_ce_flags_1() and clear_ce_flags_dir() in unpack-trees.c
+ * and handle the iteration over the entire array of index entries.
+ * They use recursion for adjacent entries in the same parent
+ * directory.
+ */
+static int handle_range_1(
+	struct index_state *istate,
+	int k_start,
+	int k_end,
+	struct dir_entry *parent,
+	struct strbuf *prefix,
+	struct lazy_entry *lazy_entries);
+
+static int handle_range_dir(
+	struct index_state *istate,
+	int k_start,
+	int k_end,
+	struct dir_entry *parent,
+	struct strbuf *prefix,
+	struct lazy_entry *lazy_entries,
+	struct dir_entry **dir_new_out)
+{
+	int rc, k;
+	int input_prefix_len = prefix->len;
+	struct dir_entry *dir_new;
+
+	dir_new = hash_dir_entry_with_parent_and_prefix(istate, parent, prefix);
+
+	strbuf_addch(prefix, '/');
+
+	/*
+	 * Scan forward in the index array for index entries having the same
+	 * path prefix (that are also in this directory).
+	 */
+	if (k_start + 1 >= k_end)
+		k = k_end;
+	else if (strncmp(istate->cache[k_start + 1]->name, prefix->buf, prefix->len) > 0)
+		k = k_start + 1;
+	else if (strncmp(istate->cache[k_end - 1]->name, prefix->buf, prefix->len) == 0)
+		k = k_end;
+	else {
+		int begin = k_start;
+		int end = k_end;
+		while (begin < end) {
+			int mid = (begin + end) >> 1;
+			int cmp = strncmp(istate->cache[mid]->name, prefix->buf, prefix->len);
+			if (cmp == 0) /* mid has same prefix; look in second part */
+				begin = mid + 1;
+			else if (cmp > 0) /* mid is past group; look in first part */
+				end = mid;
+			else
+				die("cache entry out of order");
+		}
+		k = begin;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Recurse and process what we can of this subset [k_start, k).
+	 */
+	rc = handle_range_1(istate, k_start, k, dir_new, prefix, lazy_entries);
+
+	strbuf_setlen(prefix, input_prefix_len);
+
+	*dir_new_out = dir_new;
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int handle_range_1(
+	struct index_state *istate,
+	int k_start,
+	int k_end,
+	struct dir_entry *parent,
+	struct strbuf *prefix,
+	struct lazy_entry *lazy_entries)
+{
+	int input_prefix_len = prefix->len;
+	int k = k_start;
+
+	while (k < k_end) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce_k = istate->cache[k];
+		const char *name, *slash;
+
+		if (prefix->len && strncmp(ce_k->name, prefix->buf, prefix->len))
+			break;
+
+		name = ce_k->name + prefix->len;
+		slash = strchr(name, '/');
+
+		if (slash) {
+			int len = slash - name;
+			int processed;
+			struct dir_entry *dir_new;
+
+			strbuf_add(prefix, name, len);
+			processed = handle_range_dir(istate, k, k_end, parent, prefix, lazy_entries, &dir_new);
+			if (processed) {
+				k += processed;
+				strbuf_setlen(prefix, input_prefix_len);
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			strbuf_addch(prefix, '/');
+			processed = handle_range_1(istate, k, k_end, dir_new, prefix, lazy_entries);
+			k += processed;
+			strbuf_setlen(prefix, input_prefix_len);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * It is too expensive to take a lock to insert "ce_k"
+		 * into "istate->name_hash" and increment the ref-count
+		 * on the "parent" dir.  So we defer actually updating
+		 * permanent data structures until phase 2 (where we
+		 * can change the locking requirements) and simply
+		 * accumulate our current results into the lazy_entries
+		 * data array).
+		 *
+		 * We do not need to lock the lazy_entries array because
+		 * we have exclusive access to the cells in the range
+		 * [k_start,k_end) that this thread was given.
+		 */
+		lazy_entries[k].dir = parent;
+		if (parent) {
+			lazy_entries[k].hash_name = memihash_cont(
+				parent->ent.hash,
+				ce_k->name + parent->namelen,
+				ce_namelen(ce_k) - parent->namelen);
+			lazy_entries[k].hash_dir = parent->ent.hash;
+		} else {
+			lazy_entries[k].hash_name = memihash(ce_k->name, ce_namelen(ce_k));
+		}
+
+		k++;
+	}
+
+	return k - k_start;
+}
+
+struct lazy_dir_thread_data {
+	pthread_t pthread;
+	struct index_state *istate;
+	struct lazy_entry *lazy_entries;
+	int k_start;
+	int k_end;
+};
+
+static void *lazy_dir_thread_proc(void *_data)
+{
+	struct lazy_dir_thread_data *d = _data;
+	struct strbuf prefix = STRBUF_INIT;
+	handle_range_1(d->istate, d->k_start, d->k_end, NULL, &prefix, d->lazy_entries);
+	strbuf_release(&prefix);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+struct lazy_name_thread_data {
+	pthread_t pthread;
+	struct index_state *istate;
+	struct lazy_entry *lazy_entries;
+};
+
+static void *lazy_name_thread_proc(void *_data)
+{
+	struct lazy_name_thread_data *d = _data;
+	int k;
+
+	for (k = 0; k < d->istate->cache_nr; k++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce_k = d->istate->cache[k];
+		ce_k->ce_flags |= CE_HASHED;
+		hashmap_entry_init(ce_k, d->lazy_entries[k].hash_name);
+		hashmap_add(&d->istate->name_hash, ce_k);
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static inline void lazy_update_dir_ref_counts(
+	struct index_state *istate,
+	struct lazy_entry *lazy_entries)
+{
+	int k;
+
+	for (k = 0; k < istate->cache_nr; k++) {
+		if (lazy_entries[k].dir)
+			lazy_entries[k].dir->nr++;
+	}
+}
+
+static void threaded_lazy_init_name_hash(
+	struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	int nr_each;
+	int k_start;
+	int t;
+	struct lazy_entry *lazy_entries;
+	struct lazy_dir_thread_data *td_dir;
+	struct lazy_name_thread_data *td_name;
+
+	k_start = 0;
+	nr_each = DIV_ROUND_UP(istate->cache_nr, lazy_nr_dir_threads);
+
+	lazy_entries = xcalloc(istate->cache_nr, sizeof(struct lazy_entry));
+	td_dir = xcalloc(lazy_nr_dir_threads, sizeof(struct lazy_dir_thread_data));
+	td_name = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lazy_name_thread_data));
+
+	init_dir_mutex();
+
+	/*
+	 * Phase 1:
+	 * Build "istate->dir_hash" using n "dir" threads (and a read-only index).
+	 */
+	for (t = 0; t < lazy_nr_dir_threads; t++) {
+		struct lazy_dir_thread_data *td_dir_t = td_dir + t;
+		td_dir_t->istate = istate;
+		td_dir_t->lazy_entries = lazy_entries;
+		td_dir_t->k_start = k_start;
+		k_start += nr_each;
+		if (k_start > istate->cache_nr)
+			k_start = istate->cache_nr;
+		td_dir_t->k_end = k_start;
+		if (pthread_create(&td_dir_t->pthread, NULL, lazy_dir_thread_proc, td_dir_t))
+			die("unable to create lazy_dir_thread");
+	}
+	for (t = 0; t < lazy_nr_dir_threads; t++) {
+		struct lazy_dir_thread_data *td_dir_t = td_dir + t;
+		if (pthread_join(td_dir_t->pthread, NULL))
+			die("unable to join lazy_dir_thread");
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Phase 2:
+	 * Iterate over all index entries and add them to the "istate->name_hash"
+	 * using a single "name" background thread.
+	 * (Testing showed it wasn't worth running more than 1 thread for this.)
+	 *
+	 * Meanwhile, finish updating the parent directory ref-counts for each
+	 * index entry using the current thread.  (This step is very fast and
+	 * doesn't need threading.)
+	 */
+	td_name->istate = istate;
+	td_name->lazy_entries = lazy_entries;
+	if (pthread_create(&td_name->pthread, NULL, lazy_name_thread_proc, td_name))
+		die("unable to create lazy_name_thread");
+
+	lazy_update_dir_ref_counts(istate, lazy_entries);
+
+	if (pthread_join(td_name->pthread, NULL))
+		die("unable to join lazy_name_thread");
+
+	cleanup_dir_mutex();
+
+	free(td_name);
+	free(td_dir);
+	free(lazy_entries);
+}
+
+#endif
+
 static void lazy_init_name_hash(struct index_state *istate)
 {
-	int nr;
+	uint64_t start = getnanotime();
 
 	if (istate->name_hash_initialized)
 		return;
-	hashmap_init(&istate->name_hash, (hashmap_cmp_fn) cache_entry_cmp,
-			istate->cache_nr);
-	hashmap_init(&istate->dir_hash, (hashmap_cmp_fn) dir_entry_cmp, 0);
-	for (nr = 0; nr < istate->cache_nr; nr++)
-		hash_index_entry(istate, istate->cache[nr]);
+	hashmap_init(&istate->name_hash, cache_entry_cmp, NULL, istate->cache_nr);
+	hashmap_init(&istate->dir_hash, dir_entry_cmp, NULL, istate->cache_nr);
+
+	if (lookup_lazy_params(istate)) {
+		/*
+		 * Disable item counting and automatic rehashing because
+		 * we do per-chain (mod n) locking rather than whole hashmap
+		 * locking and we need to prevent the table-size from changing
+		 * and bucket items from being redistributed.
+		 */
+		hashmap_disable_item_counting(&istate->dir_hash);
+		threaded_lazy_init_name_hash(istate);
+		hashmap_enable_item_counting(&istate->dir_hash);
+	} else {
+		int nr;
+		for (nr = 0; nr < istate->cache_nr; nr++)
+			hash_index_entry(istate, istate->cache[nr]);
+	}
+
 	istate->name_hash_initialized = 1;
+	trace_performance_since(start, "initialize name hash");
+}
+
+/*
+ * A test routine for t/helper/ sources.
+ *
+ * Returns the number of threads used or 0 when
+ * the non-threaded code path was used.
+ *
+ * Requesting threading WILL NOT override guards
+ * in lookup_lazy_params().
+ */
+int test_lazy_init_name_hash(struct index_state *istate, int try_threaded)
+{
+	lazy_nr_dir_threads = 0;
+	lazy_try_threaded = try_threaded;
+
+	lazy_init_name_hash(istate);
+
+	return lazy_nr_dir_threads;
 }
 
 void add_name_hash(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce)
@@ -188,26 +677,36 @@ static int same_name(const struct cache_entry *ce, const char *name, int namelen
 	return slow_same_name(name, namelen, ce->name, len);
 }
 
-struct cache_entry *index_dir_exists(struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen)
+int index_dir_exists(struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen)
 {
-	struct cache_entry *ce;
 	struct dir_entry *dir;
 
 	lazy_init_name_hash(istate);
 	dir = find_dir_entry(istate, name, namelen);
-	if (dir && dir->nr)
-		return dir->ce;
+	return dir && dir->nr;
+}
 
-	/*
-	 * It might be a submodule. Unlike plain directories, which are stored
-	 * in the dir-hash, submodules are stored in the name-hash, so check
-	 * there, as well.
-	 */
-	ce = index_file_exists(istate, name, namelen, 1);
-	if (ce && S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
-		return ce;
+void adjust_dirname_case(struct index_state *istate, char *name)
+{
+	const char *startPtr = name;
+	const char *ptr = startPtr;
 
-	return NULL;
+	lazy_init_name_hash(istate);
+	while (*ptr) {
+		while (*ptr && *ptr != '/')
+			ptr++;
+
+		if (*ptr == '/') {
+			struct dir_entry *dir;
+
+			dir = find_dir_entry(istate, name, ptr - name);
+			if (dir) {
+				memcpy((void *)startPtr, dir->name + (startPtr - name), ptr - startPtr);
+				startPtr = ptr + 1;
+			}
+			ptr++;
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 struct cache_entry *index_file_exists(struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen, int icase)
diff --git a/negotiator/default.c b/negotiator/default.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4b78f6bf36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/negotiator/default.c
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "default.h"
+#include "../commit.h"
+#include "../fetch-negotiator.h"
+#include "../prio-queue.h"
+#include "../refs.h"
+#include "../tag.h"
+
+/* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
+#define COMMON		(1U << 2)
+#define COMMON_REF	(1U << 3)
+#define SEEN		(1U << 4)
+#define POPPED		(1U << 5)
+
+static int marked;
+
+struct negotiation_state {
+	struct prio_queue rev_list;
+	int non_common_revs;
+};
+
+static void rev_list_push(struct negotiation_state *ns,
+			  struct commit *commit, int mark)
+{
+	if (!(commit->object.flags & mark)) {
+		commit->object.flags |= mark;
+
+		if (parse_commit(commit))
+			return;
+
+		prio_queue_put(&ns->rev_list, commit);
+
+		if (!(commit->object.flags & COMMON))
+			ns->non_common_revs++;
+	}
+}
+
+static int clear_marks(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+		       int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct object *o = deref_tag(the_repository, parse_object(the_repository, oid), refname, 0);
+
+	if (o && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+		clear_commit_marks((struct commit *)o,
+				   COMMON | COMMON_REF | SEEN | POPPED);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function marks a rev and its ancestors as common.
+ * In some cases, it is desirable to mark only the ancestors (for example
+ * when only the server does not yet know that they are common).
+ */
+static void mark_common(struct negotiation_state *ns, struct commit *commit,
+		int ancestors_only, int dont_parse)
+{
+	if (commit != NULL && !(commit->object.flags & COMMON)) {
+		struct object *o = (struct object *)commit;
+
+		if (!ancestors_only)
+			o->flags |= COMMON;
+
+		if (!(o->flags & SEEN))
+			rev_list_push(ns, commit, SEEN);
+		else {
+			struct commit_list *parents;
+
+			if (!ancestors_only && !(o->flags & POPPED))
+				ns->non_common_revs--;
+			if (!o->parsed && !dont_parse)
+				if (parse_commit(commit))
+					return;
+
+			for (parents = commit->parents;
+					parents;
+					parents = parents->next)
+				mark_common(ns, parents->item, 0,
+					    dont_parse);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get the next rev to send, ignoring the common.
+ */
+static const struct object_id *get_rev(struct negotiation_state *ns)
+{
+	struct commit *commit = NULL;
+
+	while (commit == NULL) {
+		unsigned int mark;
+		struct commit_list *parents;
+
+		if (ns->rev_list.nr == 0 || ns->non_common_revs == 0)
+			return NULL;
+
+		commit = prio_queue_get(&ns->rev_list);
+		parse_commit(commit);
+		parents = commit->parents;
+
+		commit->object.flags |= POPPED;
+		if (!(commit->object.flags & COMMON))
+			ns->non_common_revs--;
+
+		if (commit->object.flags & COMMON) {
+			/* do not send "have", and ignore ancestors */
+			commit = NULL;
+			mark = COMMON | SEEN;
+		} else if (commit->object.flags & COMMON_REF)
+			/* send "have", and ignore ancestors */
+			mark = COMMON | SEEN;
+		else
+			/* send "have", also for its ancestors */
+			mark = SEEN;
+
+		while (parents) {
+			if (!(parents->item->object.flags & SEEN))
+				rev_list_push(ns, parents->item, mark);
+			if (mark & COMMON)
+				mark_common(ns, parents->item, 1, 0);
+			parents = parents->next;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return &commit->object.oid;
+}
+
+static void known_common(struct fetch_negotiator *n, struct commit *c)
+{
+	if (!(c->object.flags & SEEN)) {
+		rev_list_push(n->data, c, COMMON_REF | SEEN);
+		mark_common(n->data, c, 1, 1);
+	}
+}
+
+static void add_tip(struct fetch_negotiator *n, struct commit *c)
+{
+	n->known_common = NULL;
+	rev_list_push(n->data, c, SEEN);
+}
+
+static const struct object_id *next(struct fetch_negotiator *n)
+{
+	n->known_common = NULL;
+	n->add_tip = NULL;
+	return get_rev(n->data);
+}
+
+static int ack(struct fetch_negotiator *n, struct commit *c)
+{
+	int known_to_be_common = !!(c->object.flags & COMMON);
+	mark_common(n->data, c, 0, 1);
+	return known_to_be_common;
+}
+
+static void release(struct fetch_negotiator *n)
+{
+	clear_prio_queue(&((struct negotiation_state *)n->data)->rev_list);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(n->data);
+}
+
+void default_negotiator_init(struct fetch_negotiator *negotiator)
+{
+	struct negotiation_state *ns;
+	negotiator->known_common = known_common;
+	negotiator->add_tip = add_tip;
+	negotiator->next = next;
+	negotiator->ack = ack;
+	negotiator->release = release;
+	negotiator->data = ns = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ns));
+	ns->rev_list.compare = compare_commits_by_commit_date;
+
+	if (marked)
+		for_each_ref(clear_marks, NULL);
+	marked = 1;
+}
diff --git a/negotiator/default.h b/negotiator/default.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d23a8f2fb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/negotiator/default.h
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef NEGOTIATOR_DEFAULT_H
+#define NEGOTIATOR_DEFAULT_H
+
+struct fetch_negotiator;
+
+void default_negotiator_init(struct fetch_negotiator *negotiator);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/negotiator/skipping.c b/negotiator/skipping.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dffbc76c49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/negotiator/skipping.c
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "skipping.h"
+#include "../commit.h"
+#include "../fetch-negotiator.h"
+#include "../prio-queue.h"
+#include "../refs.h"
+#include "../tag.h"
+
+/* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
+/*
+ * Both us and the server know that both parties have this object.
+ */
+#define COMMON		(1U << 2)
+/*
+ * The server has told us that it has this object. We still need to tell the
+ * server that we have this object (or one of its descendants), but since we are
+ * going to do that, we do not need to tell the server about its ancestors.
+ */
+#define ADVERTISED	(1U << 3)
+/*
+ * This commit has entered the priority queue.
+ */
+#define SEEN		(1U << 4)
+/*
+ * This commit has left the priority queue.
+ */
+#define POPPED		(1U << 5)
+
+static int marked;
+
+/*
+ * An entry in the priority queue.
+ */
+struct entry {
+	struct commit *commit;
+
+	/*
+	 * Used only if commit is not COMMON.
+	 */
+	uint16_t original_ttl;
+	uint16_t ttl;
+};
+
+struct data {
+	struct prio_queue rev_list;
+
+	/*
+	 * The number of non-COMMON commits in rev_list.
+	 */
+	int non_common_revs;
+};
+
+static int compare(const void *a_, const void *b_, void *unused)
+{
+	const struct entry *a = a_;
+	const struct entry *b = b_;
+	return compare_commits_by_commit_date(a->commit, b->commit, NULL);
+}
+
+static struct entry *rev_list_push(struct data *data, struct commit *commit, int mark)
+{
+	struct entry *entry;
+	commit->object.flags |= mark | SEEN;
+
+	entry = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*entry));
+	entry->commit = commit;
+	prio_queue_put(&data->rev_list, entry);
+
+	if (!(mark & COMMON))
+		data->non_common_revs++;
+	return entry;
+}
+
+static int clear_marks(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+		       int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct object *o = deref_tag(the_repository, parse_object(the_repository, oid), refname, 0);
+
+	if (o && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+		clear_commit_marks((struct commit *)o,
+				   COMMON | ADVERTISED | SEEN | POPPED);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Mark this SEEN commit and all its SEEN ancestors as COMMON.
+ */
+static void mark_common(struct data *data, struct commit *c)
+{
+	struct commit_list *p;
+
+	if (c->object.flags & COMMON)
+		return;
+	c->object.flags |= COMMON;
+	if (!(c->object.flags & POPPED))
+		data->non_common_revs--;
+
+	if (!c->object.parsed)
+		return;
+	for (p = c->parents; p; p = p->next) {
+		if (p->item->object.flags & SEEN)
+			mark_common(data, p->item);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Ensure that the priority queue has an entry for to_push, and ensure that the
+ * entry has the correct flags and ttl.
+ *
+ * This function returns 1 if an entry was found or created, and 0 otherwise
+ * (because the entry for this commit had already been popped).
+ */
+static int push_parent(struct data *data, struct entry *entry,
+		       struct commit *to_push)
+{
+	struct entry *parent_entry;
+
+	if (to_push->object.flags & SEEN) {
+		int i;
+		if (to_push->object.flags & POPPED)
+			/*
+			 * The entry for this commit has already been popped,
+			 * due to clock skew. Pretend that this parent does not
+			 * exist.
+			 */
+			return 0;
+		/*
+		 * Find the existing entry and use it.
+		 */
+		for (i = 0; i < data->rev_list.nr; i++) {
+			parent_entry = data->rev_list.array[i].data;
+			if (parent_entry->commit == to_push)
+				goto parent_found;
+		}
+		BUG("missing parent in priority queue");
+parent_found:
+		;
+	} else {
+		parent_entry = rev_list_push(data, to_push, 0);
+	}
+
+	if (entry->commit->object.flags & (COMMON | ADVERTISED)) {
+		mark_common(data, to_push);
+	} else {
+		uint16_t new_original_ttl = entry->ttl
+			? entry->original_ttl : entry->original_ttl * 3 / 2 + 1;
+		uint16_t new_ttl = entry->ttl
+			? entry->ttl - 1 : new_original_ttl;
+		if (parent_entry->original_ttl < new_original_ttl) {
+			parent_entry->original_ttl = new_original_ttl;
+			parent_entry->ttl = new_ttl;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static const struct object_id *get_rev(struct data *data)
+{
+	struct commit *to_send = NULL;
+
+	while (to_send == NULL) {
+		struct entry *entry;
+		struct commit *commit;
+		struct commit_list *p;
+		int parent_pushed = 0;
+
+		if (data->rev_list.nr == 0 || data->non_common_revs == 0)
+			return NULL;
+
+		entry = prio_queue_get(&data->rev_list);
+		commit = entry->commit;
+		commit->object.flags |= POPPED;
+		if (!(commit->object.flags & COMMON))
+			data->non_common_revs--;
+
+		if (!(commit->object.flags & COMMON) && !entry->ttl)
+			to_send = commit;
+
+		parse_commit(commit);
+		for (p = commit->parents; p; p = p->next)
+			parent_pushed |= push_parent(data, entry, p->item);
+
+		if (!(commit->object.flags & COMMON) && !parent_pushed)
+			/*
+			 * This commit has no parents, or all of its parents
+			 * have already been popped (due to clock skew), so send
+			 * it anyway.
+			 */
+			to_send = commit;
+
+		free(entry);
+	}
+
+	return &to_send->object.oid;
+}
+
+static void known_common(struct fetch_negotiator *n, struct commit *c)
+{
+	if (c->object.flags & SEEN)
+		return;
+	rev_list_push(n->data, c, ADVERTISED);
+}
+
+static void add_tip(struct fetch_negotiator *n, struct commit *c)
+{
+	n->known_common = NULL;
+	if (c->object.flags & SEEN)
+		return;
+	rev_list_push(n->data, c, 0);
+}
+
+static const struct object_id *next(struct fetch_negotiator *n)
+{
+	n->known_common = NULL;
+	n->add_tip = NULL;
+	return get_rev(n->data);
+}
+
+static int ack(struct fetch_negotiator *n, struct commit *c)
+{
+	int known_to_be_common = !!(c->object.flags & COMMON);
+	if (!(c->object.flags & SEEN))
+		die("received ack for commit %s not sent as 'have'\n",
+		    oid_to_hex(&c->object.oid));
+	mark_common(n->data, c);
+	return known_to_be_common;
+}
+
+static void release(struct fetch_negotiator *n)
+{
+	clear_prio_queue(&((struct data *)n->data)->rev_list);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(n->data);
+}
+
+void skipping_negotiator_init(struct fetch_negotiator *negotiator)
+{
+	struct data *data;
+	negotiator->known_common = known_common;
+	negotiator->add_tip = add_tip;
+	negotiator->next = next;
+	negotiator->ack = ack;
+	negotiator->release = release;
+	negotiator->data = data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*data));
+	data->rev_list.compare = compare;
+
+	if (marked)
+		for_each_ref(clear_marks, NULL);
+	marked = 1;
+}
diff --git a/negotiator/skipping.h b/negotiator/skipping.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d7dfa6c6e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/negotiator/skipping.h
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef NEGOTIATOR_SKIPPING_H
+#define NEGOTIATOR_SKIPPING_H
+
+struct fetch_negotiator;
+
+void skipping_negotiator_init(struct fetch_negotiator *negotiator);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/notes-cache.c b/notes-cache.c
index c4e9bb7f6c..d87e7ca91c 100644
--- a/notes-cache.c
+++ b/notes-cache.c
@@ -1,20 +1,22 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "notes-cache.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 
 static int notes_cache_match_validity(const char *ref, const char *validity)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	struct pretty_print_context pretty_ctx;
 	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int ret;
 
-	if (read_ref(ref, sha1) < 0)
+	if (read_ref(ref, &oid) < 0)
 		return 0;
 
-	commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, &oid, 1);
 	if (!commit)
 		return 0;
 
@@ -32,63 +34,63 @@ void notes_cache_init(struct notes_cache *c, const char *name,
 		     const char *validity)
 {
 	struct strbuf ref = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int flags = 0;
+	int flags = NOTES_INIT_WRITABLE;
 
 	memset(c, 0, sizeof(*c));
 	c->validity = xstrdup(validity);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&ref, "refs/notes/%s", name);
 	if (!notes_cache_match_validity(ref.buf, validity))
-		flags = NOTES_INIT_EMPTY;
+		flags |= NOTES_INIT_EMPTY;
 	init_notes(&c->tree, ref.buf, combine_notes_overwrite, flags);
 	strbuf_release(&ref);
 }
 
 int notes_cache_write(struct notes_cache *c)
 {
-	unsigned char tree_sha1[20];
-	unsigned char commit_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id tree_oid, commit_oid;
 
-	if (!c || !c->tree.initialized || !c->tree.ref || !*c->tree.ref)
+	if (!c || !c->tree.initialized || !c->tree.update_ref ||
+	    !*c->tree.update_ref)
 		return -1;
 	if (!c->tree.dirty)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (write_notes_tree(&c->tree, tree_sha1))
+	if (write_notes_tree(&c->tree, &tree_oid))
 		return -1;
-	if (commit_tree(c->validity, strlen(c->validity), tree_sha1, NULL,
-			commit_sha1, NULL, NULL) < 0)
+	if (commit_tree(c->validity, strlen(c->validity), &tree_oid, NULL,
+			&commit_oid, NULL, NULL) < 0)
 		return -1;
-	if (update_ref("update notes cache", c->tree.ref, commit_sha1, NULL,
-		       0, UPDATE_REFS_QUIET_ON_ERR) < 0)
+	if (update_ref("update notes cache", c->tree.update_ref, &commit_oid,
+		       NULL, 0, UPDATE_REFS_QUIET_ON_ERR) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-char *notes_cache_get(struct notes_cache *c, unsigned char key_sha1[20],
+char *notes_cache_get(struct notes_cache *c, struct object_id *key_oid,
 		      size_t *outsize)
 {
-	const unsigned char *value_sha1;
+	const struct object_id *value_oid;
 	enum object_type type;
 	char *value;
 	unsigned long size;
 
-	value_sha1 = get_note(&c->tree, key_sha1);
-	if (!value_sha1)
+	value_oid = get_note(&c->tree, key_oid);
+	if (!value_oid)
 		return NULL;
-	value = read_sha1_file(value_sha1, &type, &size);
+	value = read_object_file(value_oid, &type, &size);
 
 	*outsize = size;
 	return value;
 }
 
-int notes_cache_put(struct notes_cache *c, unsigned char key_sha1[20],
+int notes_cache_put(struct notes_cache *c, struct object_id *key_oid,
 		    const char *data, size_t size)
 {
-	unsigned char value_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id value_oid;
 
-	if (write_sha1_file(data, size, "blob", value_sha1) < 0)
+	if (write_object_file(data, size, "blob", &value_oid) < 0)
 		return -1;
-	return add_note(&c->tree, key_sha1, value_sha1, NULL);
+	return add_note(&c->tree, key_oid, &value_oid, NULL);
 }
diff --git a/notes-cache.h b/notes-cache.h
index 356f88fb3c..aeeee8409d 100644
--- a/notes-cache.h
+++ b/notes-cache.h
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ void notes_cache_init(struct notes_cache *c, const char *name,
 		     const char *validity);
 int notes_cache_write(struct notes_cache *c);
 
-char *notes_cache_get(struct notes_cache *c, unsigned char sha1[20], size_t
+char *notes_cache_get(struct notes_cache *c, struct object_id *oid, size_t
 		      *outsize);
-int notes_cache_put(struct notes_cache *c, unsigned char sha1[20],
+int notes_cache_put(struct notes_cache *c, struct object_id *oid,
 		    const char *data, size_t size);
 
 #endif /* NOTES_CACHE_H */
diff --git a/notes-merge.c b/notes-merge.c
index 109ff4ef41..76ab19e702 100644
--- a/notes-merge.c
+++ b/notes-merge.c
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "diffcore.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
@@ -12,7 +14,7 @@
 #include "notes-utils.h"
 
 struct notes_merge_pair {
-	unsigned char obj[20], base[20], local[20], remote[20];
+	struct object_id obj, base, local, remote;
 };
 
 void init_notes_merge_options(struct notes_merge_options *o)
@@ -22,43 +24,43 @@ void init_notes_merge_options(struct notes_merge_options *o)
 	o->verbosity = NOTES_MERGE_VERBOSITY_DEFAULT;
 }
 
-static int path_to_sha1(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1)
+static int path_to_oid(const char *path, struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	char hex_sha1[40];
+	char hex_oid[GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ];
 	int i = 0;
-	while (*path && i < 40) {
+	while (*path && i < GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ) {
 		if (*path != '/')
-			hex_sha1[i++] = *path;
+			hex_oid[i++] = *path;
 		path++;
 	}
-	if (*path || i != 40)
+	if (*path || i != GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ)
 		return -1;
-	return get_sha1_hex(hex_sha1, sha1);
+	return get_oid_hex(hex_oid, oid);
 }
 
-static int verify_notes_filepair(struct diff_filepair *p, unsigned char *sha1)
+static int verify_notes_filepair(struct diff_filepair *p, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	switch (p->status) {
 	case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
 		assert(p->one->mode == p->two->mode);
-		assert(!is_null_sha1(p->one->sha1));
-		assert(!is_null_sha1(p->two->sha1));
+		assert(!is_null_oid(&p->one->oid));
+		assert(!is_null_oid(&p->two->oid));
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_ADDED:
-		assert(is_null_sha1(p->one->sha1));
+		assert(is_null_oid(&p->one->oid));
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_DELETED:
-		assert(is_null_sha1(p->two->sha1));
+		assert(is_null_oid(&p->two->oid));
 		break;
 	default:
 		return -1;
 	}
 	assert(!strcmp(p->one->path, p->two->path));
-	return path_to_sha1(p->one->path, sha1);
+	return path_to_oid(p->one->path, oid);
 }
 
 static struct notes_merge_pair *find_notes_merge_pair_pos(
-		struct notes_merge_pair *list, int len, unsigned char *obj,
+		struct notes_merge_pair *list, int len, struct object_id *obj,
 		int insert_new, int *occupied)
 {
 	/*
@@ -75,7 +77,7 @@ static struct notes_merge_pair *find_notes_merge_pair_pos(
 	int i = last_index < len ? last_index : len - 1;
 	int prev_cmp = 0, cmp = -1;
 	while (i >= 0 && i < len) {
-		cmp = hashcmp(obj, list[i].obj);
+		cmp = oidcmp(obj, &list[i].obj);
 		if (!cmp) /* obj belongs @ i */
 			break;
 		else if (cmp < 0 && prev_cmp <= 0) /* obj belongs < i */
@@ -99,8 +101,7 @@ static struct notes_merge_pair *find_notes_merge_pair_pos(
 	else {
 		*occupied = 0;
 		if (insert_new && i < len) {
-			memmove(list + i + 1, list + i,
-				(len - i) * sizeof(struct notes_merge_pair));
+			MOVE_ARRAY(list + i + 1, list + i, len - i);
 			memset(list + i, 0, sizeof(struct notes_merge_pair));
 		}
 	}
@@ -108,13 +109,14 @@ static struct notes_merge_pair *find_notes_merge_pair_pos(
 	return list + i;
 }
 
-static unsigned char uninitialized[20] =
+static struct object_id uninitialized = {
 	"\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff" \
-	"\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff";
+	"\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff"
+};
 
 static struct notes_merge_pair *diff_tree_remote(struct notes_merge_options *o,
-						 const unsigned char *base,
-						 const unsigned char *remote,
+						 const struct object_id *base,
+						 const struct object_id *remote,
 						 int *num_changes)
 {
 	struct diff_options opt;
@@ -122,13 +124,13 @@ static struct notes_merge_pair *diff_tree_remote(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 	int i, len = 0;
 
 	trace_printf("\tdiff_tree_remote(base = %.7s, remote = %.7s)\n",
-	       sha1_to_hex(base), sha1_to_hex(remote));
+	       oid_to_hex(base), oid_to_hex(remote));
 
 	diff_setup(&opt);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&opt, RECURSIVE);
+	opt.flags.recursive = 1;
 	opt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
 	diff_setup_done(&opt);
-	diff_tree_sha1(base, remote, "", &opt);
+	diff_tree_oid(base, remote, "", &opt);
 	diffcore_std(&opt);
 
 	changes = xcalloc(diff_queued_diff.nr, sizeof(struct notes_merge_pair));
@@ -137,40 +139,40 @@ static struct notes_merge_pair *diff_tree_remote(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 		struct diff_filepair *p = diff_queued_diff.queue[i];
 		struct notes_merge_pair *mp;
 		int occupied;
-		unsigned char obj[20];
+		struct object_id obj;
 
-		if (verify_notes_filepair(p, obj)) {
+		if (verify_notes_filepair(p, &obj)) {
 			trace_printf("\t\tCannot merge entry '%s' (%c): "
 			       "%.7s -> %.7s. Skipping!\n", p->one->path,
-			       p->status, sha1_to_hex(p->one->sha1),
-			       sha1_to_hex(p->two->sha1));
+			       p->status, oid_to_hex(&p->one->oid),
+			       oid_to_hex(&p->two->oid));
 			continue;
 		}
-		mp = find_notes_merge_pair_pos(changes, len, obj, 1, &occupied);
+		mp = find_notes_merge_pair_pos(changes, len, &obj, 1, &occupied);
 		if (occupied) {
 			/* We've found an addition/deletion pair */
-			assert(!hashcmp(mp->obj, obj));
-			if (is_null_sha1(p->one->sha1)) { /* addition */
-				assert(is_null_sha1(mp->remote));
-				hashcpy(mp->remote, p->two->sha1);
-			} else if (is_null_sha1(p->two->sha1)) { /* deletion */
-				assert(is_null_sha1(mp->base));
-				hashcpy(mp->base, p->one->sha1);
+			assert(!oidcmp(&mp->obj, &obj));
+			if (is_null_oid(&p->one->oid)) { /* addition */
+				assert(is_null_oid(&mp->remote));
+				oidcpy(&mp->remote, &p->two->oid);
+			} else if (is_null_oid(&p->two->oid)) { /* deletion */
+				assert(is_null_oid(&mp->base));
+				oidcpy(&mp->base, &p->one->oid);
 			} else
 				assert(!"Invalid existing change recorded");
 		} else {
-			hashcpy(mp->obj, obj);
-			hashcpy(mp->base, p->one->sha1);
-			hashcpy(mp->local, uninitialized);
-			hashcpy(mp->remote, p->two->sha1);
+			oidcpy(&mp->obj, &obj);
+			oidcpy(&mp->base, &p->one->oid);
+			oidcpy(&mp->local, &uninitialized);
+			oidcpy(&mp->remote, &p->two->oid);
 			len++;
 		}
 		trace_printf("\t\tStored remote change for %s: %.7s -> %.7s\n",
-		       sha1_to_hex(mp->obj), sha1_to_hex(mp->base),
-		       sha1_to_hex(mp->remote));
+		       oid_to_hex(&mp->obj), oid_to_hex(&mp->base),
+		       oid_to_hex(&mp->remote));
 	}
 	diff_flush(&opt);
-	free_pathspec(&opt.pathspec);
+	clear_pathspec(&opt.pathspec);
 
 	*num_changes = len;
 	return changes;
@@ -178,46 +180,46 @@ static struct notes_merge_pair *diff_tree_remote(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 
 static void diff_tree_local(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 			    struct notes_merge_pair *changes, int len,
-			    const unsigned char *base,
-			    const unsigned char *local)
+			    const struct object_id *base,
+			    const struct object_id *local)
 {
 	struct diff_options opt;
 	int i;
 
 	trace_printf("\tdiff_tree_local(len = %i, base = %.7s, local = %.7s)\n",
-	       len, sha1_to_hex(base), sha1_to_hex(local));
+	       len, oid_to_hex(base), oid_to_hex(local));
 
 	diff_setup(&opt);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&opt, RECURSIVE);
+	opt.flags.recursive = 1;
 	opt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
 	diff_setup_done(&opt);
-	diff_tree_sha1(base, local, "", &opt);
+	diff_tree_oid(base, local, "", &opt);
 	diffcore_std(&opt);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++) {
 		struct diff_filepair *p = diff_queued_diff.queue[i];
 		struct notes_merge_pair *mp;
 		int match;
-		unsigned char obj[20];
+		struct object_id obj;
 
-		if (verify_notes_filepair(p, obj)) {
+		if (verify_notes_filepair(p, &obj)) {
 			trace_printf("\t\tCannot merge entry '%s' (%c): "
 			       "%.7s -> %.7s. Skipping!\n", p->one->path,
-			       p->status, sha1_to_hex(p->one->sha1),
-			       sha1_to_hex(p->two->sha1));
+			       p->status, oid_to_hex(&p->one->oid),
+			       oid_to_hex(&p->two->oid));
 			continue;
 		}
-		mp = find_notes_merge_pair_pos(changes, len, obj, 0, &match);
+		mp = find_notes_merge_pair_pos(changes, len, &obj, 0, &match);
 		if (!match) {
 			trace_printf("\t\tIgnoring local-only change for %s: "
-			       "%.7s -> %.7s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj),
-			       sha1_to_hex(p->one->sha1),
-			       sha1_to_hex(p->two->sha1));
+			       "%.7s -> %.7s\n", oid_to_hex(&obj),
+			       oid_to_hex(&p->one->oid),
+			       oid_to_hex(&p->two->oid));
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		assert(!hashcmp(mp->obj, obj));
-		if (is_null_sha1(p->two->sha1)) { /* deletion */
+		assert(!oidcmp(&mp->obj, &obj));
+		if (is_null_oid(&p->two->oid)) { /* deletion */
 			/*
 			 * Either this is a true deletion (1), or it is part
 			 * of an A/D pair (2), or D/A pair (3):
@@ -227,9 +229,9 @@ static void diff_tree_local(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 			 * (3) mp->local is uninitialized; set it to null_sha1
 			 *     (will be overwritten by following addition)
 			 */
-			if (!hashcmp(mp->local, uninitialized))
-				hashclr(mp->local);
-		} else if (is_null_sha1(p->one->sha1)) { /* addition */
+			if (!oidcmp(&mp->local, &uninitialized))
+				oidclr(&mp->local);
+		} else if (is_null_oid(&p->one->oid)) { /* addition */
 			/*
 			 * Either this is a true addition (1), or it is part
 			 * of an A/D pair (2), or D/A pair (3):
@@ -238,25 +240,25 @@ static void diff_tree_local(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 			 * (2) mp->local is uninitialized; set to p->two->sha1
 			 * (3) mp->local is null_sha1;     set to p->two->sha1
 			 */
-			assert(is_null_sha1(mp->local) ||
-			       !hashcmp(mp->local, uninitialized));
-			hashcpy(mp->local, p->two->sha1);
+			assert(is_null_oid(&mp->local) ||
+			       !oidcmp(&mp->local, &uninitialized));
+			oidcpy(&mp->local, &p->two->oid);
 		} else { /* modification */
 			/*
 			 * This is a true modification. p->one->sha1 shall
 			 * match mp->base, and mp->local shall be uninitialized.
 			 * Set mp->local to p->two->sha1.
 			 */
-			assert(!hashcmp(p->one->sha1, mp->base));
-			assert(!hashcmp(mp->local, uninitialized));
-			hashcpy(mp->local, p->two->sha1);
+			assert(!oidcmp(&p->one->oid, &mp->base));
+			assert(!oidcmp(&mp->local, &uninitialized));
+			oidcpy(&mp->local, &p->two->oid);
 		}
 		trace_printf("\t\tStored local change for %s: %.7s -> %.7s\n",
-		       sha1_to_hex(mp->obj), sha1_to_hex(mp->base),
-		       sha1_to_hex(mp->local));
+		       oid_to_hex(&mp->obj), oid_to_hex(&mp->base),
+		       oid_to_hex(&mp->local));
 	}
 	diff_flush(&opt);
-	free_pathspec(&opt.pathspec);
+	clear_pathspec(&opt.pathspec);
 }
 
 static void check_notes_merge_worktree(struct notes_merge_options *o)
@@ -269,18 +271,18 @@ static void check_notes_merge_worktree(struct notes_merge_options *o)
 		if (file_exists(git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE)) &&
 		    !is_empty_dir(git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE))) {
 			if (advice_resolve_conflict)
-				die("You have not concluded your previous "
+				die(_("You have not concluded your previous "
 				    "notes merge (%s exists).\nPlease, use "
 				    "'git notes merge --commit' or 'git notes "
 				    "merge --abort' to commit/abort the "
 				    "previous merge before you start a new "
-				    "notes merge.", git_path("NOTES_MERGE_*"));
+				    "notes merge."), git_path("NOTES_MERGE_*"));
 			else
-				die("You have not concluded your notes merge "
-				    "(%s exists).", git_path("NOTES_MERGE_*"));
+				die(_("You have not concluded your notes merge "
+				    "(%s exists)."), git_path("NOTES_MERGE_*"));
 		}
 
-		if (safe_create_leading_directories(git_path(
+		if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(git_path(
 				NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE "/.test")))
 			die_errno("unable to create directory %s",
 				  git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE));
@@ -291,50 +293,45 @@ static void check_notes_merge_worktree(struct notes_merge_options *o)
 		    git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE));
 }
 
-static void write_buf_to_worktree(const unsigned char *obj,
+static void write_buf_to_worktree(const struct object_id *obj,
 				  const char *buf, unsigned long size)
 {
 	int fd;
-	char *path = git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE "/%s", sha1_to_hex(obj));
-	if (safe_create_leading_directories(path))
+	char *path = git_pathdup(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE "/%s", oid_to_hex(obj));
+	if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(path))
 		die_errno("unable to create directory for '%s'", path);
-	if (file_exists(path))
-		die("found existing file at '%s'", path);
 
-	fd = open(path, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_CREAT, 0666);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno("failed to open '%s'", path);
+	fd = xopen(path, O_WRONLY | O_EXCL | O_CREAT, 0666);
 
 	while (size > 0) {
-		long ret = write_in_full(fd, buf, size);
+		ssize_t ret = write_in_full(fd, buf, size);
 		if (ret < 0) {
 			/* Ignore epipe */
 			if (errno == EPIPE)
 				break;
 			die_errno("notes-merge");
-		} else if (!ret) {
-			die("notes-merge: disk full?");
 		}
 		size -= ret;
 		buf += ret;
 	}
 
 	close(fd);
+	free(path);
 }
 
-static void write_note_to_worktree(const unsigned char *obj,
-				   const unsigned char *note)
+static void write_note_to_worktree(const struct object_id *obj,
+				   const struct object_id *note)
 {
 	enum object_type type;
 	unsigned long size;
-	void *buf = read_sha1_file(note, &type, &size);
+	void *buf = read_object_file(note, &type, &size);
 
 	if (!buf)
 		die("cannot read note %s for object %s",
-		    sha1_to_hex(note), sha1_to_hex(obj));
+		    oid_to_hex(note), oid_to_hex(obj));
 	if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
 		die("blob expected in note %s for object %s",
-		    sha1_to_hex(note), sha1_to_hex(obj));
+		    oid_to_hex(note), oid_to_hex(obj));
 	write_buf_to_worktree(obj, buf, size);
 	free(buf);
 }
@@ -346,11 +343,11 @@ static int ll_merge_in_worktree(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 	mmfile_t base, local, remote;
 	int status;
 
-	read_mmblob(&base, p->base);
-	read_mmblob(&local, p->local);
-	read_mmblob(&remote, p->remote);
+	read_mmblob(&base, &p->base);
+	read_mmblob(&local, &p->local);
+	read_mmblob(&remote, &p->remote);
 
-	status = ll_merge(&result_buf, sha1_to_hex(p->obj), &base, NULL,
+	status = ll_merge(&result_buf, oid_to_hex(&p->obj), &base, NULL,
 			  &local, o->local_ref, &remote, o->remote_ref, NULL);
 
 	free(base.ptr);
@@ -360,7 +357,7 @@ static int ll_merge_in_worktree(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 	if ((status < 0) || !result_buf.ptr)
 		die("Failed to execute internal merge");
 
-	write_buf_to_worktree(p->obj, result_buf.ptr, result_buf.size);
+	write_buf_to_worktree(&p->obj, result_buf.ptr, result_buf.size);
 	free(result_buf.ptr);
 
 	return status;
@@ -375,51 +372,52 @@ static int merge_one_change_manual(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 
 	trace_printf("\t\t\tmerge_one_change_manual(obj = %.7s, base = %.7s, "
 	       "local = %.7s, remote = %.7s)\n",
-	       sha1_to_hex(p->obj), sha1_to_hex(p->base),
-	       sha1_to_hex(p->local), sha1_to_hex(p->remote));
+	       oid_to_hex(&p->obj), oid_to_hex(&p->base),
+	       oid_to_hex(&p->local), oid_to_hex(&p->remote));
 
 	/* add "Conflicts:" section to commit message first time through */
 	if (!o->has_worktree)
 		strbuf_addstr(&(o->commit_msg), "\n\nConflicts:\n");
 
-	strbuf_addf(&(o->commit_msg), "\t%s\n", sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
+	strbuf_addf(&(o->commit_msg), "\t%s\n", oid_to_hex(&p->obj));
 
 	if (o->verbosity >= 2)
-		printf("Auto-merging notes for %s\n", sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
+		printf("Auto-merging notes for %s\n", oid_to_hex(&p->obj));
 	check_notes_merge_worktree(o);
-	if (is_null_sha1(p->local)) {
+	if (is_null_oid(&p->local)) {
 		/* D/F conflict, checkout p->remote */
-		assert(!is_null_sha1(p->remote));
+		assert(!is_null_oid(&p->remote));
 		if (o->verbosity >= 1)
 			printf("CONFLICT (delete/modify): Notes for object %s "
 				"deleted in %s and modified in %s. Version from %s "
 				"left in tree.\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(p->obj), lref, rref, rref);
-		write_note_to_worktree(p->obj, p->remote);
-	} else if (is_null_sha1(p->remote)) {
+				oid_to_hex(&p->obj), lref, rref, rref);
+		write_note_to_worktree(&p->obj, &p->remote);
+	} else if (is_null_oid(&p->remote)) {
 		/* D/F conflict, checkout p->local */
-		assert(!is_null_sha1(p->local));
+		assert(!is_null_oid(&p->local));
 		if (o->verbosity >= 1)
 			printf("CONFLICT (delete/modify): Notes for object %s "
 				"deleted in %s and modified in %s. Version from %s "
 				"left in tree.\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(p->obj), rref, lref, lref);
-		write_note_to_worktree(p->obj, p->local);
+				oid_to_hex(&p->obj), rref, lref, lref);
+		write_note_to_worktree(&p->obj, &p->local);
 	} else {
 		/* "regular" conflict, checkout result of ll_merge() */
 		const char *reason = "content";
-		if (is_null_sha1(p->base))
+		if (is_null_oid(&p->base))
 			reason = "add/add";
-		assert(!is_null_sha1(p->local));
-		assert(!is_null_sha1(p->remote));
+		assert(!is_null_oid(&p->local));
+		assert(!is_null_oid(&p->remote));
 		if (o->verbosity >= 1)
 			printf("CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in notes for "
-				"object %s\n", reason, sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
+				"object %s\n", reason,
+				oid_to_hex(&p->obj));
 		ll_merge_in_worktree(o, p);
 	}
 
 	trace_printf("\t\t\tremoving from partial merge result\n");
-	remove_note(t, p->obj);
+	remove_note(t, p->obj.hash);
 
 	return 1;
 }
@@ -438,29 +436,29 @@ static int merge_one_change(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 	case NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_OURS:
 		if (o->verbosity >= 2)
 			printf("Using local notes for %s\n",
-						sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
+						oid_to_hex(&p->obj));
 		/* nothing to do */
 		return 0;
 	case NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_THEIRS:
 		if (o->verbosity >= 2)
 			printf("Using remote notes for %s\n",
-						sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
-		if (add_note(t, p->obj, p->remote, combine_notes_overwrite))
-			die("BUG: combine_notes_overwrite failed");
+						oid_to_hex(&p->obj));
+		if (add_note(t, &p->obj, &p->remote, combine_notes_overwrite))
+			BUG("combine_notes_overwrite failed");
 		return 0;
 	case NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_UNION:
 		if (o->verbosity >= 2)
 			printf("Concatenating local and remote notes for %s\n",
-							sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
-		if (add_note(t, p->obj, p->remote, combine_notes_concatenate))
+							oid_to_hex(&p->obj));
+		if (add_note(t, &p->obj, &p->remote, combine_notes_concatenate))
 			die("failed to concatenate notes "
 			    "(combine_notes_concatenate)");
 		return 0;
 	case NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_CAT_SORT_UNIQ:
 		if (o->verbosity >= 2)
 			printf("Concatenating unique lines in local and remote "
-				"notes for %s\n", sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
-		if (add_note(t, p->obj, p->remote, combine_notes_cat_sort_uniq))
+				"notes for %s\n", oid_to_hex(&p->obj));
+		if (add_note(t, &p->obj, &p->remote, combine_notes_cat_sort_uniq))
 			die("failed to concatenate notes "
 			    "(combine_notes_cat_sort_uniq)");
 		return 0;
@@ -478,22 +476,23 @@ static int merge_changes(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 	for (i = 0; i < *num_changes; i++) {
 		struct notes_merge_pair *p = changes + i;
 		trace_printf("\t\t%.7s: %.7s -> %.7s/%.7s\n",
-		       sha1_to_hex(p->obj), sha1_to_hex(p->base),
-		       sha1_to_hex(p->local), sha1_to_hex(p->remote));
+		       oid_to_hex(&p->obj), oid_to_hex(&p->base),
+		       oid_to_hex(&p->local),
+		       oid_to_hex(&p->remote));
 
-		if (!hashcmp(p->base, p->remote)) {
+		if (!oidcmp(&p->base, &p->remote)) {
 			/* no remote change; nothing to do */
 			trace_printf("\t\t\tskipping (no remote change)\n");
-		} else if (!hashcmp(p->local, p->remote)) {
+		} else if (!oidcmp(&p->local, &p->remote)) {
 			/* same change in local and remote; nothing to do */
 			trace_printf("\t\t\tskipping (local == remote)\n");
-		} else if (!hashcmp(p->local, uninitialized) ||
-			   !hashcmp(p->local, p->base)) {
+		} else if (!oidcmp(&p->local, &uninitialized) ||
+			   !oidcmp(&p->local, &p->base)) {
 			/* no local change; adopt remote change */
 			trace_printf("\t\t\tno local change, adopted remote\n");
-			if (add_note(t, p->obj, p->remote,
+			if (add_note(t, &p->obj, &p->remote,
 				     combine_notes_overwrite))
-				die("BUG: combine_notes_overwrite failed");
+				BUG("combine_notes_overwrite failed");
 		} else {
 			/* need file-level merge between local and remote */
 			trace_printf("\t\t\tneed content-level merge\n");
@@ -505,16 +504,17 @@ static int merge_changes(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 }
 
 static int merge_from_diffs(struct notes_merge_options *o,
-			    const unsigned char *base,
-			    const unsigned char *local,
-			    const unsigned char *remote, struct notes_tree *t)
+			    const struct object_id *base,
+			    const struct object_id *local,
+			    const struct object_id *remote,
+			    struct notes_tree *t)
 {
 	struct notes_merge_pair *changes;
 	int num_changes, conflicts;
 
 	trace_printf("\tmerge_from_diffs(base = %.7s, local = %.7s, "
-	       "remote = %.7s)\n", sha1_to_hex(base), sha1_to_hex(local),
-	       sha1_to_hex(remote));
+	       "remote = %.7s)\n", oid_to_hex(base), oid_to_hex(local),
+	       oid_to_hex(remote));
 
 	changes = diff_tree_remote(o, base, remote, &num_changes);
 	diff_tree_local(o, changes, num_changes, base, local);
@@ -533,62 +533,62 @@ static int merge_from_diffs(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 
 int notes_merge(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 		struct notes_tree *local_tree,
-		unsigned char *result_sha1)
+		struct object_id *result_oid)
 {
-	unsigned char local_sha1[20], remote_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id local_oid, remote_oid;
 	struct commit *local, *remote;
 	struct commit_list *bases = NULL;
-	const unsigned char *base_sha1, *base_tree_sha1;
+	const struct object_id *base_oid, *base_tree_oid;
 	int result = 0;
 
 	assert(o->local_ref && o->remote_ref);
 	assert(!strcmp(o->local_ref, local_tree->ref));
-	hashclr(result_sha1);
+	oidclr(result_oid);
 
 	trace_printf("notes_merge(o->local_ref = %s, o->remote_ref = %s)\n",
 	       o->local_ref, o->remote_ref);
 
 	/* Dereference o->local_ref into local_sha1 */
-	if (read_ref_full(o->local_ref, 0, local_sha1, NULL))
+	if (read_ref_full(o->local_ref, 0, &local_oid, NULL))
 		die("Failed to resolve local notes ref '%s'", o->local_ref);
 	else if (!check_refname_format(o->local_ref, 0) &&
-		is_null_sha1(local_sha1))
-		local = NULL; /* local_sha1 == null_sha1 indicates unborn ref */
-	else if (!(local = lookup_commit_reference(local_sha1)))
+		is_null_oid(&local_oid))
+		local = NULL; /* local_oid == null_oid indicates unborn ref */
+	else if (!(local = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &local_oid)))
 		die("Could not parse local commit %s (%s)",
-		    sha1_to_hex(local_sha1), o->local_ref);
-	trace_printf("\tlocal commit: %.7s\n", sha1_to_hex(local_sha1));
+		    oid_to_hex(&local_oid), o->local_ref);
+	trace_printf("\tlocal commit: %.7s\n", oid_to_hex(&local_oid));
 
-	/* Dereference o->remote_ref into remote_sha1 */
-	if (get_sha1(o->remote_ref, remote_sha1)) {
+	/* Dereference o->remote_ref into remote_oid */
+	if (get_oid(o->remote_ref, &remote_oid)) {
 		/*
-		 * Failed to get remote_sha1. If o->remote_ref looks like an
+		 * Failed to get remote_oid. If o->remote_ref looks like an
 		 * unborn ref, perform the merge using an empty notes tree.
 		 */
 		if (!check_refname_format(o->remote_ref, 0)) {
-			hashclr(remote_sha1);
+			oidclr(&remote_oid);
 			remote = NULL;
 		} else {
 			die("Failed to resolve remote notes ref '%s'",
 			    o->remote_ref);
 		}
-	} else if (!(remote = lookup_commit_reference(remote_sha1))) {
+	} else if (!(remote = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &remote_oid))) {
 		die("Could not parse remote commit %s (%s)",
-		    sha1_to_hex(remote_sha1), o->remote_ref);
+		    oid_to_hex(&remote_oid), o->remote_ref);
 	}
-	trace_printf("\tremote commit: %.7s\n", sha1_to_hex(remote_sha1));
+	trace_printf("\tremote commit: %.7s\n", oid_to_hex(&remote_oid));
 
 	if (!local && !remote)
 		die("Cannot merge empty notes ref (%s) into empty notes ref "
 		    "(%s)", o->remote_ref, o->local_ref);
 	if (!local) {
 		/* result == remote commit */
-		hashcpy(result_sha1, remote_sha1);
+		oidcpy(result_oid, &remote_oid);
 		goto found_result;
 	}
 	if (!remote) {
 		/* result == local commit */
-		hashcpy(result_sha1, local_sha1);
+		oidcpy(result_oid, &local_oid);
 		goto found_result;
 	}
 	assert(local && remote);
@@ -596,78 +596,78 @@ int notes_merge(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 	/* Find merge bases */
 	bases = get_merge_bases(local, remote);
 	if (!bases) {
-		base_sha1 = null_sha1;
-		base_tree_sha1 = EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN;
+		base_oid = &null_oid;
+		base_tree_oid = the_hash_algo->empty_tree;
 		if (o->verbosity >= 4)
 			printf("No merge base found; doing history-less merge\n");
 	} else if (!bases->next) {
-		base_sha1 = bases->item->object.sha1;
-		base_tree_sha1 = bases->item->tree->object.sha1;
+		base_oid = &bases->item->object.oid;
+		base_tree_oid = get_commit_tree_oid(bases->item);
 		if (o->verbosity >= 4)
 			printf("One merge base found (%.7s)\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
+			       oid_to_hex(base_oid));
 	} else {
 		/* TODO: How to handle multiple merge-bases? */
-		base_sha1 = bases->item->object.sha1;
-		base_tree_sha1 = bases->item->tree->object.sha1;
+		base_oid = &bases->item->object.oid;
+		base_tree_oid = get_commit_tree_oid(bases->item);
 		if (o->verbosity >= 3)
 			printf("Multiple merge bases found. Using the first "
-				"(%.7s)\n", sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
+				"(%.7s)\n", oid_to_hex(base_oid));
 	}
 
 	if (o->verbosity >= 4)
 		printf("Merging remote commit %.7s into local commit %.7s with "
-			"merge-base %.7s\n", sha1_to_hex(remote->object.sha1),
-			sha1_to_hex(local->object.sha1),
-			sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
+			"merge-base %.7s\n", oid_to_hex(&remote->object.oid),
+			oid_to_hex(&local->object.oid),
+			oid_to_hex(base_oid));
 
-	if (!hashcmp(remote->object.sha1, base_sha1)) {
+	if (!oidcmp(&remote->object.oid, base_oid)) {
 		/* Already merged; result == local commit */
 		if (o->verbosity >= 2)
-			printf("Already up-to-date!\n");
-		hashcpy(result_sha1, local->object.sha1);
+			printf("Already up to date!\n");
+		oidcpy(result_oid, &local->object.oid);
 		goto found_result;
 	}
-	if (!hashcmp(local->object.sha1, base_sha1)) {
+	if (!oidcmp(&local->object.oid, base_oid)) {
 		/* Fast-forward; result == remote commit */
 		if (o->verbosity >= 2)
 			printf("Fast-forward\n");
-		hashcpy(result_sha1, remote->object.sha1);
+		oidcpy(result_oid, &remote->object.oid);
 		goto found_result;
 	}
 
-	result = merge_from_diffs(o, base_tree_sha1, local->tree->object.sha1,
-				  remote->tree->object.sha1, local_tree);
+	result = merge_from_diffs(o, base_tree_oid,
+				  get_commit_tree_oid(local),
+				  get_commit_tree_oid(remote), local_tree);
 
 	if (result != 0) { /* non-trivial merge (with or without conflicts) */
 		/* Commit (partial) result */
 		struct commit_list *parents = NULL;
 		commit_list_insert(remote, &parents); /* LIFO order */
 		commit_list_insert(local, &parents);
-		create_notes_commit(local_tree, parents,
-				    o->commit_msg.buf, o->commit_msg.len,
-				    result_sha1);
+		create_notes_commit(local_tree, parents, o->commit_msg.buf,
+				    o->commit_msg.len, result_oid);
 	}
 
 found_result:
 	free_commit_list(bases);
 	strbuf_release(&(o->commit_msg));
-	trace_printf("notes_merge(): result = %i, result_sha1 = %.7s\n",
-	       result, sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
+	trace_printf("notes_merge(): result = %i, result_oid = %.7s\n",
+	       result, oid_to_hex(result_oid));
 	return result;
 }
 
 int notes_merge_commit(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 		       struct notes_tree *partial_tree,
 		       struct commit *partial_commit,
-		       unsigned char *result_sha1)
+		       struct object_id *result_oid)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Iterate through files in .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE and add all
 	 * found notes to 'partial_tree'. Write the updated notes tree to
 	 * the DB, and commit the resulting tree object while reusing the
 	 * commit message and parents from 'partial_commit'.
-	 * Finally store the new commit object SHA1 into 'result_sha1'.
+	 * Finally store the new commit object OID into 'result_oid'.
 	 */
 	DIR *dir;
 	struct dirent *e;
@@ -676,7 +676,7 @@ int notes_merge_commit(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 	const char *msg = strstr(buffer, "\n\n");
 	int baselen;
 
-	strbuf_addstr(&path, git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE));
+	git_path_buf(&path, NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE);
 	if (o->verbosity >= 3)
 		printf("Committing notes in notes merge worktree at %s\n",
 			path.buf);
@@ -693,12 +693,12 @@ int notes_merge_commit(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 	baselen = path.len;
 	while ((e = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
 		struct stat st;
-		unsigned char obj_sha1[20], blob_sha1[20];
+		struct object_id obj_oid, blob_oid;
 
 		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(e->d_name))
 			continue;
 
-		if (strlen(e->d_name) != 40 || get_sha1_hex(e->d_name, obj_sha1)) {
+		if (get_oid_hex(e->d_name, &obj_oid)) {
 			if (o->verbosity >= 3)
 				printf("Skipping non-SHA1 entry '%s%s'\n",
 					path.buf, e->d_name);
@@ -709,23 +709,23 @@ int notes_merge_commit(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 		/* write file as blob, and add to partial_tree */
 		if (stat(path.buf, &st))
 			die_errno("Failed to stat '%s'", path.buf);
-		if (index_path(blob_sha1, path.buf, &st, HASH_WRITE_OBJECT))
+		if (index_path(&blob_oid, path.buf, &st, HASH_WRITE_OBJECT))
 			die("Failed to write blob object from '%s'", path.buf);
-		if (add_note(partial_tree, obj_sha1, blob_sha1, NULL))
+		if (add_note(partial_tree, &obj_oid, &blob_oid, NULL))
 			die("Failed to add resolved note '%s' to notes tree",
 			    path.buf);
 		if (o->verbosity >= 4)
 			printf("Added resolved note for object %s: %s\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(obj_sha1), sha1_to_hex(blob_sha1));
+				oid_to_hex(&obj_oid), oid_to_hex(&blob_oid));
 		strbuf_setlen(&path, baselen);
 	}
 
-	create_notes_commit(partial_tree, partial_commit->parents,
-			    msg, strlen(msg), result_sha1);
+	create_notes_commit(partial_tree, partial_commit->parents, msg,
+			    strlen(msg), result_oid);
 	unuse_commit_buffer(partial_commit, buffer);
 	if (o->verbosity >= 4)
 		printf("Finalized notes merge commit: %s\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
+			oid_to_hex(result_oid));
 	strbuf_release(&path);
 	closedir(dir);
 	return 0;
@@ -741,7 +741,7 @@ int notes_merge_abort(struct notes_merge_options *o)
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int ret;
 
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE));
+	git_path_buf(&buf, NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE);
 	if (o->verbosity >= 3)
 		printf("Removing notes merge worktree at %s/*\n", buf.buf);
 	ret = remove_dir_recursively(&buf, REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_TOPLEVEL);
diff --git a/notes-merge.h b/notes-merge.h
index 1d01f6aacf..6c74e9385b 100644
--- a/notes-merge.h
+++ b/notes-merge.h
@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 #ifndef NOTES_MERGE_H
 #define NOTES_MERGE_H
 
+#include "notes-utils.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+struct commit;
+struct object_id;
+
 #define NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE "NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE"
 
 enum notes_merge_verbosity {
@@ -13,13 +19,7 @@ struct notes_merge_options {
 	const char *remote_ref;
 	struct strbuf commit_msg;
 	int verbosity;
-	enum {
-		NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_MANUAL = 0,
-		NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_OURS,
-		NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_THEIRS,
-		NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_UNION,
-		NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_CAT_SORT_UNIQ
-	} strategy;
+	enum notes_merge_strategy strategy;
 	unsigned has_worktree:1;
 };
 
@@ -36,16 +36,16 @@ void init_notes_merge_options(struct notes_merge_options *o);
  * outcomes:
  *
  * 1. The merge trivially results in an existing commit (e.g. fast-forward or
- *    already-up-to-date). 'local_tree' is untouched, the SHA1 of the result
- *    is written into 'result_sha1' and 0 is returned.
+ *    already-up-to-date). 'local_tree' is untouched, the OID of the result
+ *    is written into 'result_oid' and 0 is returned.
  * 2. The merge successfully completes, producing a merge commit. local_tree
- *    contains the updated notes tree, the SHA1 of the resulting commit is
- *    written into 'result_sha1', and 1 is returned.
+ *    contains the updated notes tree, the OID of the resulting commit is
+ *    written into 'result_oid', and 1 is returned.
  * 3. The merge results in conflicts. This is similar to #2 in that the
  *    partial merge result (i.e. merge result minus the unmerged entries)
- *    are stored in 'local_tree', and the SHA1 or the resulting commit
+ *    are stored in 'local_tree', and the OID or the resulting commit
  *    (to be amended when the conflicts have been resolved) is written into
- *    'result_sha1'. The unmerged entries are written into the
+ *    'result_oid'. The unmerged entries are written into the
  *    .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE directory with conflict markers.
  *    -1 is returned.
  *
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ void init_notes_merge_options(struct notes_merge_options *o);
  */
 int notes_merge(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 		struct notes_tree *local_tree,
-		unsigned char *result_sha1);
+		struct object_id *result_oid);
 
 /*
  * Finalize conflict resolution from an earlier notes_merge()
@@ -66,13 +66,13 @@ int notes_merge(struct notes_merge_options *o,
  * call to notes_merge().
  *
  * This function will add the (now resolved) notes in .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE
- * to 'partial_tree', and create a final notes merge commit, the SHA1 of which
- * will be stored in 'result_sha1'.
+ * to 'partial_tree', and create a final notes merge commit, the OID of which
+ * will be stored in 'result_oid'.
  */
 int notes_merge_commit(struct notes_merge_options *o,
 		       struct notes_tree *partial_tree,
 		       struct commit *partial_commit,
-		       unsigned char *result_sha1);
+		       struct object_id *result_oid);
 
 /*
  * Abort conflict resolution from an earlier notes_merge()
diff --git a/notes-utils.c b/notes-utils.c
index ccbf0737a3..14ea03178e 100644
--- a/notes-utils.c
+++ b/notes-utils.c
@@ -1,24 +1,27 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "notes-utils.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 
 void create_notes_commit(struct notes_tree *t, struct commit_list *parents,
 			 const char *msg, size_t msg_len,
-			 unsigned char *result_sha1)
+			 struct object_id *result_oid)
 {
-	unsigned char tree_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id tree_oid;
 
 	assert(t->initialized);
 
-	if (write_notes_tree(t, tree_sha1))
+	if (write_notes_tree(t, &tree_oid))
 		die("Failed to write notes tree to database");
 
 	if (!parents) {
 		/* Deduce parent commit from t->ref */
-		unsigned char parent_sha1[20];
-		if (!read_ref(t->ref, parent_sha1)) {
-			struct commit *parent = lookup_commit(parent_sha1);
+		struct object_id parent_oid;
+		if (!read_ref(t->ref, &parent_oid)) {
+			struct commit *parent = lookup_commit(the_repository,
+							      &parent_oid);
 			if (parse_commit(parent))
 				die("Failed to find/parse commit %s", t->ref);
 			commit_list_insert(parent, &parents);
@@ -26,18 +29,19 @@ void create_notes_commit(struct notes_tree *t, struct commit_list *parents,
 		/* else: t->ref points to nothing, assume root/orphan commit */
 	}
 
-	if (commit_tree(msg, msg_len, tree_sha1, parents, result_sha1, NULL, NULL))
+	if (commit_tree(msg, msg_len, &tree_oid, parents, result_oid, NULL,
+			NULL))
 		die("Failed to commit notes tree to database");
 }
 
 void commit_notes(struct notes_tree *t, const char *msg)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	unsigned char commit_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id commit_oid;
 
 	if (!t)
 		t = &default_notes_tree;
-	if (!t->initialized || !t->ref || !*t->ref)
+	if (!t->initialized || !t->update_ref || !*t->update_ref)
 		die(_("Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"));
 	if (!t->dirty)
 		return; /* don't have to commit an unchanged tree */
@@ -46,14 +50,32 @@ void commit_notes(struct notes_tree *t, const char *msg)
 	strbuf_addstr(&buf, msg);
 	strbuf_complete_line(&buf);
 
-	create_notes_commit(t, NULL, buf.buf, buf.len, commit_sha1);
+	create_notes_commit(t, NULL, buf.buf, buf.len, &commit_oid);
 	strbuf_insert(&buf, 0, "notes: ", 7); /* commit message starts at index 7 */
-	update_ref(buf.buf, t->ref, commit_sha1, NULL, 0,
+	update_ref(buf.buf, t->update_ref, &commit_oid, NULL, 0,
 		   UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
 
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
+int parse_notes_merge_strategy(const char *v, enum notes_merge_strategy *s)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(v, "manual"))
+		*s = NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_MANUAL;
+	else if (!strcmp(v, "ours"))
+		*s = NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_OURS;
+	else if (!strcmp(v, "theirs"))
+		*s = NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_THEIRS;
+	else if (!strcmp(v, "union"))
+		*s = NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_UNION;
+	else if (!strcmp(v, "cat_sort_uniq"))
+		*s = NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_CAT_SORT_UNIQ;
+	else
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static combine_notes_fn parse_combine_notes_fn(const char *v)
 {
 	if (!strcasecmp(v, "overwrite"))
@@ -114,8 +136,11 @@ struct notes_rewrite_cfg *init_copy_notes_for_rewrite(const char *cmd)
 		c->mode_from_env = 1;
 		c->combine = parse_combine_notes_fn(rewrite_mode_env);
 		if (!c->combine)
-			/* TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
-			   environment variable, the second %s is its value */
+			/*
+			 * TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of
+			 * the environment variable, the second %s is
+			 * its value.
+			 */
 			error(_("Bad %s value: '%s'"), GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE_ENVIRONMENT,
 					rewrite_mode_env);
 	}
@@ -130,14 +155,14 @@ struct notes_rewrite_cfg *init_copy_notes_for_rewrite(const char *cmd)
 		free(c);
 		return NULL;
 	}
-	c->trees = load_notes_trees(c->refs);
+	c->trees = load_notes_trees(c->refs, NOTES_INIT_WRITABLE);
 	string_list_clear(c->refs, 0);
 	free(c->refs);
 	return c;
 }
 
 int copy_note_for_rewrite(struct notes_rewrite_cfg *c,
-			  const unsigned char *from_obj, const unsigned char *to_obj)
+			  const struct object_id *from_obj, const struct object_id *to_obj)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
 	int i;
diff --git a/notes-utils.h b/notes-utils.h
index 890ddb33e1..5408306528 100644
--- a/notes-utils.h
+++ b/notes-utils.h
@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@
 
 #include "notes.h"
 
+struct commit_list;
+struct object_id;
+
 /*
  * Create new notes commit from the given notes tree
  *
@@ -15,10 +18,19 @@
  * The resulting commit SHA1 is stored in result_sha1.
  */
 void create_notes_commit(struct notes_tree *t, struct commit_list *parents,
-			 const char *msg, size_t msg_len, unsigned char *result_sha1);
+			 const char *msg, size_t msg_len,
+			 struct object_id *result_oid);
 
 void commit_notes(struct notes_tree *t, const char *msg);
 
+enum notes_merge_strategy {
+		NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_MANUAL = 0,
+		NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_OURS,
+		NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_THEIRS,
+		NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_UNION,
+		NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_CAT_SORT_UNIQ
+};
+
 struct notes_rewrite_cfg {
 	struct notes_tree **trees;
 	const char *cmd;
@@ -29,9 +41,10 @@ struct notes_rewrite_cfg {
 	int mode_from_env;
 };
 
+int parse_notes_merge_strategy(const char *v, enum notes_merge_strategy *s);
 struct notes_rewrite_cfg *init_copy_notes_for_rewrite(const char *cmd);
 int copy_note_for_rewrite(struct notes_rewrite_cfg *c,
-			  const unsigned char *from_obj, const unsigned char *to_obj);
+			  const struct object_id *from_obj, const struct object_id *to_obj);
 void finish_copy_notes_for_rewrite(struct notes_rewrite_cfg *c, const char *msg);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/notes.c b/notes.c
index 2be4d7f3fd..32d3dbcc1e 100644
--- a/notes.c
+++ b/notes.c
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "notes.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
@@ -35,8 +37,8 @@ struct int_node {
  * subtree.
  */
 struct leaf_node {
-	unsigned char key_sha1[20];
-	unsigned char val_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id key_oid;
+	struct object_id val_oid;
 };
 
 /*
@@ -51,7 +53,7 @@ struct non_note {
 	struct non_note *next; /* grounded (last->next == NULL) */
 	char *path;
 	unsigned int mode;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 };
 
 #define PTR_TYPE_NULL     0
@@ -63,14 +65,16 @@ struct non_note {
 #define CLR_PTR_TYPE(ptr)       ((void *) ((uintptr_t) (ptr) & ~3))
 #define SET_PTR_TYPE(ptr, type) ((void *) ((uintptr_t) (ptr) | (type)))
 
-#define GET_NIBBLE(n, sha1) (((sha1[(n) >> 1]) >> ((~(n) & 0x01) << 2)) & 0x0f)
+#define GET_NIBBLE(n, sha1) ((((sha1)[(n) >> 1]) >> ((~(n) & 0x01) << 2)) & 0x0f)
 
+#define KEY_INDEX (GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ - 1)
+#define FANOUT_PATH_SEPARATORS ((GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ / 2) - 1)
 #define SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(key_sha1, subtree_sha1) \
-	(memcmp(key_sha1, subtree_sha1, subtree_sha1[19]))
+	(memcmp(key_sha1, subtree_sha1, subtree_sha1[KEY_INDEX]))
 
 struct notes_tree default_notes_tree;
 
-static struct string_list display_notes_refs;
+static struct string_list display_notes_refs = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 static struct notes_tree **display_notes_trees;
 
 static void load_subtree(struct notes_tree *t, struct leaf_node *subtree,
@@ -100,7 +104,7 @@ static void **note_tree_search(struct notes_tree *t, struct int_node **tree,
 
 	if (GET_PTR_TYPE(p) == PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE) {
 		l = (struct leaf_node *) CLR_PTR_TYPE(p);
-		if (!SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(key_sha1, l->key_sha1)) {
+		if (!SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(key_sha1, l->key_oid.hash)) {
 			/* unpack tree and resume search */
 			(*tree)->a[0] = NULL;
 			load_subtree(t, l, *tree, *n);
@@ -118,7 +122,7 @@ static void **note_tree_search(struct notes_tree *t, struct int_node **tree,
 		return note_tree_search(t, tree, n, key_sha1);
 	case PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE:
 		l = (struct leaf_node *) CLR_PTR_TYPE(p);
-		if (!SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(key_sha1, l->key_sha1)) {
+		if (!SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(key_sha1, l->key_oid.hash)) {
 			/* unpack tree and resume search */
 			(*tree)->a[i] = NULL;
 			load_subtree(t, l, *tree, *n);
@@ -143,7 +147,7 @@ static struct leaf_node *note_tree_find(struct notes_tree *t,
 	void **p = note_tree_search(t, &tree, &n, key_sha1);
 	if (GET_PTR_TYPE(*p) == PTR_TYPE_NOTE) {
 		struct leaf_node *l = (struct leaf_node *) CLR_PTR_TYPE(*p);
-		if (!hashcmp(key_sha1, l->key_sha1))
+		if (!hashcmp(key_sha1, l->key_oid.hash))
 			return l;
 	}
 	return NULL;
@@ -153,8 +157,8 @@ static struct leaf_node *note_tree_find(struct notes_tree *t,
  * How to consolidate an int_node:
  * If there are > 1 non-NULL entries, give up and return non-zero.
  * Otherwise replace the int_node at the given index in the given parent node
- * with the only entry (or a NULL entry if no entries) from the given tree,
- * and return 0.
+ * with the only NOTE entry (or a NULL entry if no entries) from the given
+ * tree, and return 0.
  */
 static int note_tree_consolidate(struct int_node *tree,
 	struct int_node *parent, unsigned char index)
@@ -173,6 +177,8 @@ static int note_tree_consolidate(struct int_node *tree,
 		}
 	}
 
+	if (p && (GET_PTR_TYPE(p) != PTR_TYPE_NOTE))
+		return -2;
 	/* replace tree with p in parent[index] */
 	parent->a[index] = p;
 	free(tree);
@@ -192,19 +198,19 @@ static void note_tree_remove(struct notes_tree *t,
 		struct leaf_node *entry)
 {
 	struct leaf_node *l;
-	struct int_node *parent_stack[20];
+	struct int_node *parent_stack[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
 	unsigned char i, j;
-	void **p = note_tree_search(t, &tree, &n, entry->key_sha1);
+	void **p = note_tree_search(t, &tree, &n, entry->key_oid.hash);
 
 	assert(GET_PTR_TYPE(entry) == 0); /* no type bits set */
 	if (GET_PTR_TYPE(*p) != PTR_TYPE_NOTE)
 		return; /* type mismatch, nothing to remove */
 	l = (struct leaf_node *) CLR_PTR_TYPE(*p);
-	if (hashcmp(l->key_sha1, entry->key_sha1))
+	if (oidcmp(&l->key_oid, &entry->key_oid))
 		return; /* key mismatch, nothing to remove */
 
 	/* we have found a matching entry */
-	hashcpy(entry->val_sha1, l->val_sha1);
+	oidcpy(&entry->val_oid, &l->val_oid);
 	free(l);
 	*p = SET_PTR_TYPE(NULL, PTR_TYPE_NULL);
 
@@ -214,14 +220,14 @@ static void note_tree_remove(struct notes_tree *t,
 	/* first, build stack of ancestors between root and current node */
 	parent_stack[0] = t->root;
 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-		j = GET_NIBBLE(i, entry->key_sha1);
+		j = GET_NIBBLE(i, entry->key_oid.hash);
 		parent_stack[i + 1] = CLR_PTR_TYPE(parent_stack[i]->a[j]);
 	}
 	assert(i == n && parent_stack[i] == tree);
 	/* next, unwind stack until note_tree_consolidate() is done */
 	while (i > 0 &&
 	       !note_tree_consolidate(parent_stack[i], parent_stack[i - 1],
-				      GET_NIBBLE(i - 1, entry->key_sha1)))
+				      GET_NIBBLE(i - 1, entry->key_oid.hash)))
 		i--;
 }
 
@@ -244,7 +250,7 @@ static int note_tree_insert(struct notes_tree *t, struct int_node *tree,
 {
 	struct int_node *new_node;
 	struct leaf_node *l;
-	void **p = note_tree_search(t, &tree, &n, entry->key_sha1);
+	void **p = note_tree_search(t, &tree, &n, entry->key_oid.hash);
 	int ret = 0;
 
 	assert(GET_PTR_TYPE(entry) == 0); /* no type bits set */
@@ -252,7 +258,7 @@ static int note_tree_insert(struct notes_tree *t, struct int_node *tree,
 	switch (GET_PTR_TYPE(*p)) {
 	case PTR_TYPE_NULL:
 		assert(!*p);
-		if (is_null_sha1(entry->val_sha1))
+		if (is_null_oid(&entry->val_oid))
 			free(entry);
 		else
 			*p = SET_PTR_TYPE(entry, type);
@@ -260,22 +266,22 @@ static int note_tree_insert(struct notes_tree *t, struct int_node *tree,
 	case PTR_TYPE_NOTE:
 		switch (type) {
 		case PTR_TYPE_NOTE:
-			if (!hashcmp(l->key_sha1, entry->key_sha1)) {
+			if (!oidcmp(&l->key_oid, &entry->key_oid)) {
 				/* skip concatenation if l == entry */
-				if (!hashcmp(l->val_sha1, entry->val_sha1))
+				if (!oidcmp(&l->val_oid, &entry->val_oid))
 					return 0;
 
-				ret = combine_notes(l->val_sha1,
-						    entry->val_sha1);
-				if (!ret && is_null_sha1(l->val_sha1))
+				ret = combine_notes(&l->val_oid,
+						    &entry->val_oid);
+				if (!ret && is_null_oid(&l->val_oid))
 					note_tree_remove(t, tree, n, entry);
 				free(entry);
 				return ret;
 			}
 			break;
 		case PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE:
-			if (!SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(l->key_sha1,
-						    entry->key_sha1)) {
+			if (!SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(l->key_oid.hash,
+						    entry->key_oid.hash)) {
 				/* unpack 'entry' */
 				load_subtree(t, entry, tree, n);
 				free(entry);
@@ -285,7 +291,7 @@ static int note_tree_insert(struct notes_tree *t, struct int_node *tree,
 		}
 		break;
 	case PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE:
-		if (!SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(entry->key_sha1, l->key_sha1)) {
+		if (!SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(entry->key_oid.hash, l->key_oid.hash)) {
 			/* unpack 'l' and restart insert */
 			*p = NULL;
 			load_subtree(t, l, tree, n);
@@ -299,7 +305,7 @@ static int note_tree_insert(struct notes_tree *t, struct int_node *tree,
 	/* non-matching leaf_node */
 	assert(GET_PTR_TYPE(*p) == PTR_TYPE_NOTE ||
 	       GET_PTR_TYPE(*p) == PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE);
-	if (is_null_sha1(entry->val_sha1)) { /* skip insertion of empty note */
+	if (is_null_oid(&entry->val_oid)) { /* skip insertion of empty note */
 		free(entry);
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -329,48 +335,21 @@ static void note_tree_free(struct int_node *tree)
 	}
 }
 
-/*
- * Convert a partial SHA1 hex string to the corresponding partial SHA1 value.
- * - hex      - Partial SHA1 segment in ASCII hex format
- * - hex_len  - Length of above segment. Must be multiple of 2 between 0 and 40
- * - sha1     - Partial SHA1 value is written here
- * - sha1_len - Max #bytes to store in sha1, Must be >= hex_len / 2, and < 20
- * Returns -1 on error (invalid arguments or invalid SHA1 (not in hex format)).
- * Otherwise, returns number of bytes written to sha1 (i.e. hex_len / 2).
- * Pads sha1 with NULs up to sha1_len (not included in returned length).
- */
-static int get_sha1_hex_segment(const char *hex, unsigned int hex_len,
-		unsigned char *sha1, unsigned int sha1_len)
-{
-	unsigned int i, len = hex_len >> 1;
-	if (hex_len % 2 != 0 || len > sha1_len)
-		return -1;
-	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-		unsigned int val = (hexval(hex[0]) << 4) | hexval(hex[1]);
-		if (val & ~0xff)
-			return -1;
-		*sha1++ = val;
-		hex += 2;
-	}
-	for (; i < sha1_len; i++)
-		*sha1++ = 0;
-	return len;
-}
-
 static int non_note_cmp(const struct non_note *a, const struct non_note *b)
 {
 	return strcmp(a->path, b->path);
 }
 
-static void add_non_note(struct notes_tree *t, const char *path,
+/* note: takes ownership of path string */
+static void add_non_note(struct notes_tree *t, char *path,
 		unsigned int mode, const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct non_note *p = t->prev_non_note, *n;
 	n = (struct non_note *) xmalloc(sizeof(struct non_note));
 	n->next = NULL;
-	n->path = xstrdup(path);
+	n->path = path;
 	n->mode = mode;
-	hashcpy(n->sha1, sha1);
+	hashcpy(n->oid.hash, sha1);
 	t->prev_non_note = n;
 
 	if (!t->first_non_note) {
@@ -396,7 +375,7 @@ static void add_non_note(struct notes_tree *t, const char *path,
 	if (non_note_cmp(p, n) == 0) { /* n ~= p; overwrite p with n */
 		assert(strcmp(p->path, n->path) == 0);
 		p->mode = n->mode;
-		hashcpy(p->sha1, n->sha1);
+		oidcpy(&p->oid, &n->oid);
 		free(n);
 		t->prev_non_note = p;
 		return;
@@ -410,89 +389,99 @@ static void add_non_note(struct notes_tree *t, const char *path,
 static void load_subtree(struct notes_tree *t, struct leaf_node *subtree,
 		struct int_node *node, unsigned int n)
 {
-	unsigned char object_sha1[20];
-	unsigned int prefix_len;
+	struct object_id object_oid;
+	size_t prefix_len;
 	void *buf;
 	struct tree_desc desc;
 	struct name_entry entry;
-	int len, path_len;
-	unsigned char type;
-	struct leaf_node *l;
 
-	buf = fill_tree_descriptor(&desc, subtree->val_sha1);
+	buf = fill_tree_descriptor(&desc, &subtree->val_oid);
 	if (!buf)
 		die("Could not read %s for notes-index",
-		     sha1_to_hex(subtree->val_sha1));
-
-	prefix_len = subtree->key_sha1[19];
-	assert(prefix_len * 2 >= n);
-	memcpy(object_sha1, subtree->key_sha1, prefix_len);
+		     oid_to_hex(&subtree->val_oid));
+
+	prefix_len = subtree->key_oid.hash[KEY_INDEX];
+	if (prefix_len >= GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ)
+		BUG("prefix_len (%"PRIuMAX") is out of range", (uintmax_t)prefix_len);
+	if (prefix_len * 2 < n)
+		BUG("prefix_len (%"PRIuMAX") is too small", (uintmax_t)prefix_len);
+	memcpy(object_oid.hash, subtree->key_oid.hash, prefix_len);
 	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
-		path_len = strlen(entry.path);
-		len = get_sha1_hex_segment(entry.path, path_len,
-				object_sha1 + prefix_len, 20 - prefix_len);
-		if (len < 0)
-			goto handle_non_note; /* entry.path is not a SHA1 */
-		len += prefix_len;
+		unsigned char type;
+		struct leaf_node *l;
+		size_t path_len = strlen(entry.path);
+
+		if (path_len == 2 * (GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ - prefix_len)) {
+			/* This is potentially the remainder of the SHA-1 */
+
+			if (!S_ISREG(entry.mode))
+				/* notes must be blobs */
+				goto handle_non_note;
+
+			if (hex_to_bytes(object_oid.hash + prefix_len, entry.path,
+					 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ - prefix_len))
+				goto handle_non_note; /* entry.path is not a SHA1 */
 
-		/*
-		 * If object SHA1 is complete (len == 20), assume note object
-		 * If object SHA1 is incomplete (len < 20), and current
-		 * component consists of 2 hex chars, assume note subtree
-		 */
-		if (len <= 20) {
 			type = PTR_TYPE_NOTE;
-			l = (struct leaf_node *)
-				xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct leaf_node));
-			hashcpy(l->key_sha1, object_sha1);
-			hashcpy(l->val_sha1, entry.sha1);
-			if (len < 20) {
-				if (!S_ISDIR(entry.mode) || path_len != 2)
-					goto handle_non_note; /* not subtree */
-				l->key_sha1[19] = (unsigned char) len;
-				type = PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE;
-			}
-			if (note_tree_insert(t, node, n, l, type,
-					     combine_notes_concatenate))
-				die("Failed to load %s %s into notes tree "
-				    "from %s",
-				    type == PTR_TYPE_NOTE ? "note" : "subtree",
-				    sha1_to_hex(l->key_sha1), t->ref);
+		} else if (path_len == 2) {
+			/* This is potentially an internal node */
+			size_t len = prefix_len;
+
+			if (!S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
+				/* internal nodes must be trees */
+				goto handle_non_note;
+
+			if (hex_to_bytes(object_oid.hash + len++, entry.path, 1))
+				goto handle_non_note; /* entry.path is not a SHA1 */
+
+			/*
+			 * Pad the rest of the SHA-1 with zeros,
+			 * except for the last byte, where we write
+			 * the length:
+			 */
+			memset(object_oid.hash + len, 0, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ - len - 1);
+			object_oid.hash[KEY_INDEX] = (unsigned char)len;
+
+			type = PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE;
+		} else {
+			/* This can't be part of a note */
+			goto handle_non_note;
 		}
+
+		l = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*l));
+		oidcpy(&l->key_oid, &object_oid);
+		oidcpy(&l->val_oid, entry.oid);
+		if (note_tree_insert(t, node, n, l, type,
+				     combine_notes_concatenate))
+			die("Failed to load %s %s into notes tree "
+			    "from %s",
+			    type == PTR_TYPE_NOTE ? "note" : "subtree",
+			    oid_to_hex(&l->key_oid), t->ref);
+
 		continue;
 
 handle_non_note:
 		/*
-		 * Determine full path for this non-note entry:
-		 * The filename is already found in entry.path, but the
-		 * directory part of the path must be deduced from the subtree
-		 * containing this entry. We assume here that the overall notes
-		 * tree follows a strict byte-based progressive fanout
-		 * structure (i.e. using 2/38, 2/2/36, etc. fanouts, and not
-		 * e.g. 4/36 fanout). This means that if a non-note is found at
-		 * path "dead/beef", the following code will register it as
-		 * being found on "de/ad/beef".
-		 * On the other hand, if you use such non-obvious non-note
-		 * paths in the middle of a notes tree, you deserve what's
-		 * coming to you ;). Note that for non-notes that are not
-		 * SHA1-like at the top level, there will be no problems.
-		 *
-		 * To conclude, it is strongly advised to make sure non-notes
-		 * have at least one non-hex character in the top-level path
-		 * component.
+		 * Determine full path for this non-note entry. The
+		 * filename is already found in entry.path, but the
+		 * directory part of the path must be deduced from the
+		 * subtree containing this entry based on our
+		 * knowledge that the overall notes tree follows a
+		 * strict byte-based progressive fanout structure
+		 * (i.e. using 2/38, 2/2/36, etc. fanouts).
 		 */
 		{
-			char non_note_path[PATH_MAX];
-			char *p = non_note_path;
-			const char *q = sha1_to_hex(subtree->key_sha1);
-			int i;
+			struct strbuf non_note_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+			const char *q = oid_to_hex(&subtree->key_oid);
+			size_t i;
 			for (i = 0; i < prefix_len; i++) {
-				*p++ = *q++;
-				*p++ = *q++;
-				*p++ = '/';
+				strbuf_addch(&non_note_path, *q++);
+				strbuf_addch(&non_note_path, *q++);
+				strbuf_addch(&non_note_path, '/');
 			}
-			strcpy(p, entry.path);
-			add_non_note(t, non_note_path, entry.mode, entry.sha1);
+			strbuf_addstr(&non_note_path, entry.path);
+			add_non_note(t, strbuf_detach(&non_note_path, NULL),
+				     entry.mode, entry.oid->hash);
 		}
 	}
 	free(buf);
@@ -538,19 +527,22 @@ static unsigned char determine_fanout(struct int_node *tree, unsigned char n,
 	return fanout + 1;
 }
 
+/* hex SHA1 + 19 * '/' + NUL */
+#define FANOUT_PATH_MAX GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + FANOUT_PATH_SEPARATORS + 1
+
 static void construct_path_with_fanout(const unsigned char *sha1,
 		unsigned char fanout, char *path)
 {
 	unsigned int i = 0, j = 0;
 	const char *hex_sha1 = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
-	assert(fanout < 20);
+	assert(fanout < GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
 	while (fanout) {
 		path[i++] = hex_sha1[j++];
 		path[i++] = hex_sha1[j++];
 		path[i++] = '/';
 		fanout--;
 	}
-	strcpy(path + i, hex_sha1 + j);
+	xsnprintf(path + i, FANOUT_PATH_MAX - i, "%s", hex_sha1 + j);
 }
 
 static int for_each_note_helper(struct notes_tree *t, struct int_node *tree,
@@ -561,7 +553,7 @@ static int for_each_note_helper(struct notes_tree *t, struct int_node *tree,
 	void *p;
 	int ret = 0;
 	struct leaf_node *l;
-	static char path[40 + 19 + 1];  /* hex SHA1 + 19 * '/' + NUL */
+	static char path[FANOUT_PATH_MAX];
 
 	fanout = determine_fanout(tree, n, fanout);
 	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
@@ -593,15 +585,17 @@ redo:
 			    flags & FOR_EACH_NOTE_YIELD_SUBTREES) {
 				/* invoke callback with subtree */
 				unsigned int path_len =
-					l->key_sha1[19] * 2 + fanout;
-				assert(path_len < 40 + 19);
-				construct_path_with_fanout(l->key_sha1, fanout,
+					l->key_oid.hash[KEY_INDEX] * 2 + fanout;
+				assert(path_len < FANOUT_PATH_MAX - 1);
+				construct_path_with_fanout(l->key_oid.hash,
+							   fanout,
 							   path);
 				/* Create trailing slash, if needed */
 				if (path[path_len - 1] != '/')
 					path[path_len++] = '/';
 				path[path_len] = '\0';
-				ret = fn(l->key_sha1, l->val_sha1, path,
+				ret = fn(&l->key_oid, &l->val_oid,
+					 path,
 					 cb_data);
 			}
 			if (n > fanout * 2 ||
@@ -615,8 +609,10 @@ redo:
 			break;
 		case PTR_TYPE_NOTE:
 			l = (struct leaf_node *) CLR_PTR_TYPE(p);
-			construct_path_with_fanout(l->key_sha1, fanout, path);
-			ret = fn(l->key_sha1, l->val_sha1, path, cb_data);
+			construct_path_with_fanout(l->key_oid.hash, fanout,
+						   path);
+			ret = fn(&l->key_oid, &l->val_oid, path,
+				 cb_data);
 			break;
 		}
 		if (ret)
@@ -644,7 +640,7 @@ static void write_tree_entry(struct strbuf *buf, unsigned int mode,
 		unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	strbuf_addf(buf, "%o %.*s%c", mode, path_len, path, '\0');
-	strbuf_add(buf, sha1, 20);
+	strbuf_add(buf, sha1, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
 }
 
 static void tree_write_stack_init_subtree(struct tree_write_stack *tws,
@@ -656,7 +652,7 @@ static void tree_write_stack_init_subtree(struct tree_write_stack *tws,
 	n = (struct tree_write_stack *)
 		xmalloc(sizeof(struct tree_write_stack));
 	n->next = NULL;
-	strbuf_init(&n->buf, 256 * (32 + 40)); /* assume 256 entries per tree */
+	strbuf_init(&n->buf, 256 * (32 + GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ)); /* assume 256 entries per tree */
 	n->path[0] = n->path[1] = '\0';
 	tws->next = n;
 	tws->path[0] = path[0];
@@ -667,18 +663,18 @@ static int tree_write_stack_finish_subtree(struct tree_write_stack *tws)
 {
 	int ret;
 	struct tree_write_stack *n = tws->next;
-	unsigned char s[20];
+	struct object_id s;
 	if (n) {
 		ret = tree_write_stack_finish_subtree(n);
 		if (ret)
 			return ret;
-		ret = write_sha1_file(n->buf.buf, n->buf.len, tree_type, s);
+		ret = write_object_file(n->buf.buf, n->buf.len, tree_type, &s);
 		if (ret)
 			return ret;
 		strbuf_release(&n->buf);
 		free(n);
 		tws->next = NULL;
-		write_tree_entry(&tws->buf, 040000, tws->path, 2, s);
+		write_tree_entry(&tws->buf, 040000, tws->path, 2, s.hash);
 		tws->path[0] = tws->path[1] = '\0';
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -686,7 +682,7 @@ static int tree_write_stack_finish_subtree(struct tree_write_stack *tws)
 
 static int write_each_note_helper(struct tree_write_stack *tws,
 		const char *path, unsigned int mode,
-		const unsigned char *sha1)
+		const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	size_t path_len = strlen(path);
 	unsigned int n = 0;
@@ -716,7 +712,7 @@ static int write_each_note_helper(struct tree_write_stack *tws,
 
 	/* Finally add given entry to the current tree object */
 	write_tree_entry(&tws->buf, mode, path + 3 * n, path_len - (3 * n),
-			 sha1);
+			 oid->hash);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -736,7 +732,7 @@ static int write_each_non_note_until(const char *note_path,
 			; /* do nothing, prefer note to non-note */
 		else {
 			ret = write_each_note_helper(d->root, n->path, n->mode,
-						     n->sha1);
+						     &n->oid);
 			if (ret)
 				return ret;
 		}
@@ -746,8 +742,8 @@ static int write_each_non_note_until(const char *note_path,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int write_each_note(const unsigned char *object_sha1,
-		const unsigned char *note_sha1, char *note_path,
+static int write_each_note(const struct object_id *object_oid,
+		const struct object_id *note_oid, char *note_path,
 		void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct write_each_note_data *d =
@@ -761,11 +757,11 @@ static int write_each_note(const unsigned char *object_sha1,
 		note_path[note_path_len] = '\0';
 		mode = 040000;
 	}
-	assert(note_path_len <= 40 + 19);
+	assert(note_path_len <= GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + FANOUT_PATH_SEPARATORS);
 
 	/* Weave non-note entries into note entries */
 	return  write_each_non_note_until(note_path, d) ||
-		write_each_note_helper(d->root, note_path, mode, note_sha1);
+		write_each_note_helper(d->root, note_path, mode, note_oid);
 }
 
 struct note_delete_list {
@@ -773,26 +769,26 @@ struct note_delete_list {
 	const unsigned char *sha1;
 };
 
-static int prune_notes_helper(const unsigned char *object_sha1,
-		const unsigned char *note_sha1, char *note_path,
+static int prune_notes_helper(const struct object_id *object_oid,
+		const struct object_id *note_oid, char *note_path,
 		void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct note_delete_list **l = (struct note_delete_list **) cb_data;
 	struct note_delete_list *n;
 
-	if (has_sha1_file(object_sha1))
+	if (has_object_file(object_oid))
 		return 0; /* nothing to do for this note */
 
 	/* failed to find object => prune this note */
 	n = (struct note_delete_list *) xmalloc(sizeof(*n));
 	n->next = *l;
-	n->sha1 = object_sha1;
+	n->sha1 = object_oid->hash;
 	*l = n;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int combine_notes_concatenate(unsigned char *cur_sha1,
-		const unsigned char *new_sha1)
+int combine_notes_concatenate(struct object_id *cur_oid,
+			      const struct object_id *new_oid)
 {
 	char *cur_msg = NULL, *new_msg = NULL, *buf;
 	unsigned long cur_len, new_len, buf_len;
@@ -800,18 +796,18 @@ int combine_notes_concatenate(unsigned char *cur_sha1,
 	int ret;
 
 	/* read in both note blob objects */
-	if (!is_null_sha1(new_sha1))
-		new_msg = read_sha1_file(new_sha1, &new_type, &new_len);
+	if (!is_null_oid(new_oid))
+		new_msg = read_object_file(new_oid, &new_type, &new_len);
 	if (!new_msg || !new_len || new_type != OBJ_BLOB) {
 		free(new_msg);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if (!is_null_sha1(cur_sha1))
-		cur_msg = read_sha1_file(cur_sha1, &cur_type, &cur_len);
+	if (!is_null_oid(cur_oid))
+		cur_msg = read_object_file(cur_oid, &cur_type, &cur_len);
 	if (!cur_msg || !cur_len || cur_type != OBJ_BLOB) {
 		free(cur_msg);
 		free(new_msg);
-		hashcpy(cur_sha1, new_sha1);
+		oidcpy(cur_oid, new_oid);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -830,20 +826,20 @@ int combine_notes_concatenate(unsigned char *cur_sha1,
 	free(new_msg);
 
 	/* create a new blob object from buf */
-	ret = write_sha1_file(buf, buf_len, blob_type, cur_sha1);
+	ret = write_object_file(buf, buf_len, blob_type, cur_oid);
 	free(buf);
 	return ret;
 }
 
-int combine_notes_overwrite(unsigned char *cur_sha1,
-		const unsigned char *new_sha1)
+int combine_notes_overwrite(struct object_id *cur_oid,
+			    const struct object_id *new_oid)
 {
-	hashcpy(cur_sha1, new_sha1);
+	oidcpy(cur_oid, new_oid);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int combine_notes_ignore(unsigned char *cur_sha1,
-		const unsigned char *new_sha1)
+int combine_notes_ignore(struct object_id *cur_oid,
+			 const struct object_id *new_oid)
 {
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -853,17 +849,17 @@ int combine_notes_ignore(unsigned char *cur_sha1,
  * newlines removed.
  */
 static int string_list_add_note_lines(struct string_list *list,
-				      const unsigned char *sha1)
+				      const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	char *data;
 	unsigned long len;
 	enum object_type t;
 
-	if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
+	if (is_null_oid(oid))
 		return 0;
 
 	/* read_sha1_file NUL-terminates */
-	data = read_sha1_file(sha1, &t, &len);
+	data = read_object_file(oid, &t, &len);
 	if (t != OBJ_BLOB || !data || !len) {
 		free(data);
 		return t != OBJ_BLOB || !data;
@@ -889,17 +885,17 @@ static int string_list_join_lines_helper(struct string_list_item *item,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int combine_notes_cat_sort_uniq(unsigned char *cur_sha1,
-		const unsigned char *new_sha1)
+int combine_notes_cat_sort_uniq(struct object_id *cur_oid,
+				const struct object_id *new_oid)
 {
 	struct string_list sort_uniq_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int ret = 1;
 
 	/* read both note blob objects into unique_lines */
-	if (string_list_add_note_lines(&sort_uniq_list, cur_sha1))
+	if (string_list_add_note_lines(&sort_uniq_list, cur_oid))
 		goto out;
-	if (string_list_add_note_lines(&sort_uniq_list, new_sha1))
+	if (string_list_add_note_lines(&sort_uniq_list, new_oid))
 		goto out;
 	string_list_remove_empty_items(&sort_uniq_list, 0);
 	string_list_sort(&sort_uniq_list);
@@ -910,7 +906,7 @@ int combine_notes_cat_sort_uniq(unsigned char *cur_sha1,
 				 string_list_join_lines_helper, &buf))
 		goto out;
 
-	ret = write_sha1_file(buf.buf, buf.len, blob_type, cur_sha1);
+	ret = write_object_file(buf.buf, buf.len, blob_type, cur_oid);
 
 out:
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
@@ -918,7 +914,7 @@ out:
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static int string_list_add_one_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int string_list_add_one_ref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
 				   int flag, void *cb)
 {
 	struct string_list *refs = cb;
@@ -936,8 +932,8 @@ void string_list_add_refs_by_glob(struct string_list *list, const char *glob)
 	if (has_glob_specials(glob)) {
 		for_each_glob_ref(string_list_add_one_ref, glob, list);
 	} else {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		if (get_sha1(glob, sha1))
+		struct object_id oid;
+		if (get_oid(glob, &oid))
 			warning("notes ref %s is invalid", glob);
 		if (!unsorted_string_list_has_string(list, glob))
 			string_list_append(list, glob);
@@ -989,7 +985,7 @@ const char *default_notes_ref(void)
 void init_notes(struct notes_tree *t, const char *notes_ref,
 		combine_notes_fn combine_notes, int flags)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20], object_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid, object_oid;
 	unsigned mode;
 	struct leaf_node root_tree;
 
@@ -1007,31 +1003,34 @@ void init_notes(struct notes_tree *t, const char *notes_ref,
 	t->first_non_note = NULL;
 	t->prev_non_note = NULL;
 	t->ref = xstrdup_or_null(notes_ref);
+	t->update_ref = (flags & NOTES_INIT_WRITABLE) ? t->ref : NULL;
 	t->combine_notes = combine_notes;
 	t->initialized = 1;
 	t->dirty = 0;
 
 	if (flags & NOTES_INIT_EMPTY || !notes_ref ||
-	    read_ref(notes_ref, object_sha1))
+	    get_oid_treeish(notes_ref, &object_oid))
 		return;
-	if (get_tree_entry(object_sha1, "", sha1, &mode))
+	if (flags & NOTES_INIT_WRITABLE && read_ref(notes_ref, &object_oid))
+		die("Cannot use notes ref %s", notes_ref);
+	if (get_tree_entry(&object_oid, "", &oid, &mode))
 		die("Failed to read notes tree referenced by %s (%s)",
-		    notes_ref, sha1_to_hex(object_sha1));
+		    notes_ref, oid_to_hex(&object_oid));
 
-	hashclr(root_tree.key_sha1);
-	hashcpy(root_tree.val_sha1, sha1);
+	oidclr(&root_tree.key_oid);
+	oidcpy(&root_tree.val_oid, &oid);
 	load_subtree(t, &root_tree, t->root, 0);
 }
 
-struct notes_tree **load_notes_trees(struct string_list *refs)
+struct notes_tree **load_notes_trees(struct string_list *refs, int flags)
 {
 	struct string_list_item *item;
 	int counter = 0;
 	struct notes_tree **trees;
-	trees = xmalloc((refs->nr+1) * sizeof(struct notes_tree *));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(trees, refs->nr + 1);
 	for_each_string_list_item(item, refs) {
 		struct notes_tree *t = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct notes_tree));
-		init_notes(t, item->string, combine_notes_ignore, 0);
+		init_notes(t, item->string, combine_notes_ignore, flags);
 		trees[counter++] = t;
 	}
 	trees[counter] = NULL;
@@ -1067,12 +1066,12 @@ void init_display_notes(struct display_notes_opt *opt)
 						     item->string);
 	}
 
-	display_notes_trees = load_notes_trees(&display_notes_refs);
+	display_notes_trees = load_notes_trees(&display_notes_refs, 0);
 	string_list_clear(&display_notes_refs, 0);
 }
 
-int add_note(struct notes_tree *t, const unsigned char *object_sha1,
-		const unsigned char *note_sha1, combine_notes_fn combine_notes)
+int add_note(struct notes_tree *t, const struct object_id *object_oid,
+		const struct object_id *note_oid, combine_notes_fn combine_notes)
 {
 	struct leaf_node *l;
 
@@ -1083,8 +1082,8 @@ int add_note(struct notes_tree *t, const unsigned char *object_sha1,
 	if (!combine_notes)
 		combine_notes = t->combine_notes;
 	l = (struct leaf_node *) xmalloc(sizeof(struct leaf_node));
-	hashcpy(l->key_sha1, object_sha1);
-	hashcpy(l->val_sha1, note_sha1);
+	oidcpy(&l->key_oid, object_oid);
+	oidcpy(&l->val_oid, note_oid);
 	return note_tree_insert(t, t->root, 0, l, PTR_TYPE_NOTE, combine_notes);
 }
 
@@ -1095,25 +1094,25 @@ int remove_note(struct notes_tree *t, const unsigned char *object_sha1)
 	if (!t)
 		t = &default_notes_tree;
 	assert(t->initialized);
-	hashcpy(l.key_sha1, object_sha1);
-	hashclr(l.val_sha1);
+	hashcpy(l.key_oid.hash, object_sha1);
+	oidclr(&l.val_oid);
 	note_tree_remove(t, t->root, 0, &l);
-	if (is_null_sha1(l.val_sha1)) /* no note was removed */
+	if (is_null_oid(&l.val_oid)) /* no note was removed */
 		return 1;
 	t->dirty = 1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-const unsigned char *get_note(struct notes_tree *t,
-		const unsigned char *object_sha1)
+const struct object_id *get_note(struct notes_tree *t,
+		const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct leaf_node *found;
 
 	if (!t)
 		t = &default_notes_tree;
 	assert(t->initialized);
-	found = note_tree_find(t, t->root, 0, object_sha1);
-	return found ? found->val_sha1 : NULL;
+	found = note_tree_find(t, t->root, 0, oid->hash);
+	return found ? &found->val_oid : NULL;
 }
 
 int for_each_note(struct notes_tree *t, int flags, each_note_fn fn,
@@ -1125,11 +1124,12 @@ int for_each_note(struct notes_tree *t, int flags, each_note_fn fn,
 	return for_each_note_helper(t, t->root, 0, 0, flags, fn, cb_data);
 }
 
-int write_notes_tree(struct notes_tree *t, unsigned char *result)
+int write_notes_tree(struct notes_tree *t, struct object_id *result)
 {
 	struct tree_write_stack root;
 	struct write_each_note_data cb_data;
 	int ret;
+	int flags;
 
 	if (!t)
 		t = &default_notes_tree;
@@ -1137,18 +1137,18 @@ int write_notes_tree(struct notes_tree *t, unsigned char *result)
 
 	/* Prepare for traversal of current notes tree */
 	root.next = NULL; /* last forward entry in list is grounded */
-	strbuf_init(&root.buf, 256 * (32 + 40)); /* assume 256 entries */
+	strbuf_init(&root.buf, 256 * (32 + GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ)); /* assume 256 entries */
 	root.path[0] = root.path[1] = '\0';
 	cb_data.root = &root;
 	cb_data.next_non_note = t->first_non_note;
 
 	/* Write tree objects representing current notes tree */
-	ret = for_each_note(t, FOR_EACH_NOTE_DONT_UNPACK_SUBTREES |
-				FOR_EACH_NOTE_YIELD_SUBTREES,
-			write_each_note, &cb_data) ||
-		write_each_non_note_until(NULL, &cb_data) ||
-		tree_write_stack_finish_subtree(&root) ||
-		write_sha1_file(root.buf.buf, root.buf.len, tree_type, result);
+	flags = FOR_EACH_NOTE_DONT_UNPACK_SUBTREES |
+		FOR_EACH_NOTE_YIELD_SUBTREES;
+	ret = for_each_note(t, flags, write_each_note, &cb_data) ||
+	      write_each_non_note_until(NULL, &cb_data) ||
+	      tree_write_stack_finish_subtree(&root) ||
+	      write_object_file(root.buf.buf, root.buf.len, tree_type, result);
 	strbuf_release(&root.buf);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -1200,11 +1200,11 @@ void free_notes(struct notes_tree *t)
  * (raw != 0) gives the %N userformat; otherwise, the note message is given
  * for human consumption.
  */
-static void format_note(struct notes_tree *t, const unsigned char *object_sha1,
+static void format_note(struct notes_tree *t, const struct object_id *object_oid,
 			struct strbuf *sb, const char *output_encoding, int raw)
 {
 	static const char utf8[] = "utf-8";
-	const unsigned char *sha1;
+	const struct object_id *oid;
 	char *msg, *msg_p;
 	unsigned long linelen, msglen;
 	enum object_type type;
@@ -1214,11 +1214,11 @@ static void format_note(struct notes_tree *t, const unsigned char *object_sha1,
 	if (!t->initialized)
 		init_notes(t, NULL, NULL, 0);
 
-	sha1 = get_note(t, object_sha1);
-	if (!sha1)
+	oid = get_note(t, object_oid);
+	if (!oid)
 		return;
 
-	if (!(msg = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &msglen)) || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
+	if (!(msg = read_object_file(oid, &type, &msglen)) || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
 		free(msg);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -1262,22 +1262,22 @@ static void format_note(struct notes_tree *t, const unsigned char *object_sha1,
 	free(msg);
 }
 
-void format_display_notes(const unsigned char *object_sha1,
+void format_display_notes(const struct object_id *object_oid,
 			  struct strbuf *sb, const char *output_encoding, int raw)
 {
 	int i;
 	assert(display_notes_trees);
 	for (i = 0; display_notes_trees[i]; i++)
-		format_note(display_notes_trees[i], object_sha1, sb,
+		format_note(display_notes_trees[i], object_oid, sb,
 			    output_encoding, raw);
 }
 
 int copy_note(struct notes_tree *t,
-	      const unsigned char *from_obj, const unsigned char *to_obj,
+	      const struct object_id *from_obj, const struct object_id *to_obj,
 	      int force, combine_notes_fn combine_notes)
 {
-	const unsigned char *note = get_note(t, from_obj);
-	const unsigned char *existing_note = get_note(t, to_obj);
+	const struct object_id *note = get_note(t, from_obj);
+	const struct object_id *existing_note = get_note(t, to_obj);
 
 	if (!force && existing_note)
 		return 1;
@@ -1285,7 +1285,7 @@ int copy_note(struct notes_tree *t,
 	if (note)
 		return add_note(t, to_obj, note, combine_notes);
 	else if (existing_note)
-		return add_note(t, to_obj, null_sha1, combine_notes);
+		return add_note(t, to_obj, &null_oid, combine_notes);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1299,3 +1299,13 @@ void expand_notes_ref(struct strbuf *sb)
 	else
 		strbuf_insert(sb, 0, "refs/notes/", 11);
 }
+
+void expand_loose_notes_ref(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	struct object_id object;
+
+	if (get_oid(sb->buf, &object)) {
+		/* fallback to expand_notes_ref */
+		expand_notes_ref(sb);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/notes.h b/notes.h
index 2a3f923380..414bc6855a 100644
--- a/notes.h
+++ b/notes.h
@@ -3,33 +3,41 @@
 
 #include "string-list.h"
 
+struct object_id;
+struct strbuf;
+
 /*
  * Function type for combining two notes annotating the same object.
  *
  * When adding a new note annotating the same object as an existing note, it is
  * up to the caller to decide how to combine the two notes. The decision is
  * made by passing in a function of the following form. The function accepts
- * two SHA1s -- of the existing note and the new note, respectively. The
+ * two object_ids -- of the existing note and the new note, respectively. The
  * function then combines the notes in whatever way it sees fit, and writes the
- * resulting SHA1 into the first SHA1 argument (cur_sha1). A non-zero return
+ * resulting oid into the first argument (cur_oid). A non-zero return
  * value indicates failure.
  *
- * The two given SHA1s shall both be non-NULL and different from each other.
- * Either of them (but not both) may be == null_sha1, which indicates an
- * empty/non-existent note. If the resulting SHA1 (cur_sha1) is == null_sha1,
+ * The two given object_ids shall both be non-NULL and different from each
+ * other. Either of them (but not both) may be == null_oid, which indicates an
+ * empty/non-existent note. If the resulting oid (cur_oid) is == null_oid,
  * the note will be removed from the notes tree.
  *
  * The default combine_notes function (you get this when passing NULL) is
  * combine_notes_concatenate(), which appends the contents of the new note to
  * the contents of the existing note.
  */
-typedef int (*combine_notes_fn)(unsigned char *cur_sha1, const unsigned char *new_sha1);
+typedef int (*combine_notes_fn)(struct object_id *cur_oid,
+				const struct object_id *new_oid);
 
 /* Common notes combinators */
-int combine_notes_concatenate(unsigned char *cur_sha1, const unsigned char *new_sha1);
-int combine_notes_overwrite(unsigned char *cur_sha1, const unsigned char *new_sha1);
-int combine_notes_ignore(unsigned char *cur_sha1, const unsigned char *new_sha1);
-int combine_notes_cat_sort_uniq(unsigned char *cur_sha1, const unsigned char *new_sha1);
+int combine_notes_concatenate(struct object_id *cur_oid,
+			      const struct object_id *new_oid);
+int combine_notes_overwrite(struct object_id *cur_oid,
+			    const struct object_id *new_oid);
+int combine_notes_ignore(struct object_id *cur_oid,
+			 const struct object_id *new_oid);
+int combine_notes_cat_sort_uniq(struct object_id *cur_oid,
+				const struct object_id *new_oid);
 
 /*
  * Notes tree object
@@ -44,6 +52,7 @@ extern struct notes_tree {
 	struct int_node *root;
 	struct non_note *first_non_note, *prev_non_note;
 	char *ref;
+	char *update_ref;
 	combine_notes_fn combine_notes;
 	int initialized;
 	int dirty;
@@ -72,6 +81,13 @@ const char *default_notes_ref(void);
 #define NOTES_INIT_EMPTY 1
 
 /*
+ * By default, the notes tree is only readable, and the notes ref can be
+ * any treeish. The notes tree can however be made writable with this flag,
+ * in which case only strict ref names can be used.
+ */
+#define NOTES_INIT_WRITABLE 2
+
+/*
  * Initialize the given notes_tree with the notes tree structure at the given
  * ref. If given ref is NULL, the value of the $GIT_NOTES_REF environment
  * variable is used, and if that is missing, the default notes ref is used
@@ -113,8 +129,8 @@ void init_notes(struct notes_tree *t, const char *notes_ref,
  * are not persistent until a subsequent call to write_notes_tree() returns
  * zero.
  */
-int add_note(struct notes_tree *t, const unsigned char *object_sha1,
-		const unsigned char *note_sha1, combine_notes_fn combine_notes);
+int add_note(struct notes_tree *t, const struct object_id *object_oid,
+		const struct object_id *note_oid, combine_notes_fn combine_notes);
 
 /*
  * Remove the given note object from the given notes_tree structure
@@ -132,8 +148,8 @@ int remove_note(struct notes_tree *t, const unsigned char *object_sha1);
  *
  * Return NULL if the given object has no notes.
  */
-const unsigned char *get_note(struct notes_tree *t,
-		const unsigned char *object_sha1);
+const struct object_id *get_note(struct notes_tree *t,
+		const struct object_id *object_oid);
 
 /*
  * Copy a note from one object to another in the given notes_tree.
@@ -148,7 +164,7 @@ const unsigned char *get_note(struct notes_tree *t,
  * zero.
  */
 int copy_note(struct notes_tree *t,
-	      const unsigned char *from_obj, const unsigned char *to_obj,
+	      const struct object_id *from_obj, const struct object_id *to_obj,
 	      int force, combine_notes_fn combine_notes);
 
 /*
@@ -194,8 +210,8 @@ int copy_note(struct notes_tree *t,
  * - copy_note()
  * - free_notes()
  */
-typedef int each_note_fn(const unsigned char *object_sha1,
-		const unsigned char *note_sha1, char *note_path,
+typedef int each_note_fn(const struct object_id *object_oid,
+		const struct object_id *note_oid, char *note_path,
 		void *cb_data);
 int for_each_note(struct notes_tree *t, int flags, each_note_fn fn,
 		void *cb_data);
@@ -204,7 +220,7 @@ int for_each_note(struct notes_tree *t, int flags, each_note_fn fn,
  * Write the given notes_tree structure to the object database
  *
  * Creates a new tree object encapsulating the current state of the given
- * notes_tree, and stores its SHA1 into the 'result' argument.
+ * notes_tree, and stores its object id into the 'result' argument.
  *
  * Returns zero on success, non-zero on failure.
  *
@@ -212,7 +228,7 @@ int for_each_note(struct notes_tree *t, int flags, each_note_fn fn,
  * this function has returned zero. Please also remember to create a
  * corresponding commit object, and update the appropriate notes ref.
  */
-int write_notes_tree(struct notes_tree *t, unsigned char *result);
+int write_notes_tree(struct notes_tree *t, struct object_id *result);
 
 /* Flags controlling the operation of prune */
 #define NOTES_PRUNE_VERBOSE 1
@@ -269,14 +285,14 @@ void init_display_notes(struct display_notes_opt *opt);
  *
  * You *must* call init_display_notes() before using this function.
  */
-void format_display_notes(const unsigned char *object_sha1,
+void format_display_notes(const struct object_id *object_oid,
 			  struct strbuf *sb, const char *output_encoding, int raw);
 
 /*
  * Load the notes tree from each ref listed in 'refs'.  The output is
  * an array of notes_tree*, terminated by a NULL.
  */
-struct notes_tree **load_notes_trees(struct string_list *refs);
+struct notes_tree **load_notes_trees(struct string_list *refs, int flags);
 
 /*
  * Add all refs that match 'glob' to the 'list'.
@@ -294,4 +310,11 @@ void string_list_add_refs_from_colon_sep(struct string_list *list,
 /* Expand inplace a note ref like "foo" or "notes/foo" into "refs/notes/foo" */
 void expand_notes_ref(struct strbuf *sb);
 
+/*
+ * Similar to expand_notes_ref, but will check whether the ref can be located
+ * via get_sha1 first, and only falls back to expand_notes_ref in the case
+ * where get_sha1 fails.
+ */
+void expand_loose_notes_ref(struct strbuf *sb);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/object-store.h b/object-store.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..67e66227d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/object-store.h
@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+#ifndef OBJECT_STORE_H
+#define OBJECT_STORE_H
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "oidmap.h"
+#include "list.h"
+#include "sha1-array.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+struct alternate_object_database {
+	struct alternate_object_database *next;
+
+	/* see alt_scratch_buf() */
+	struct strbuf scratch;
+	size_t base_len;
+
+	/*
+	 * Used to store the results of readdir(3) calls when searching
+	 * for unique abbreviated hashes.  This cache is never
+	 * invalidated, thus it's racy and not necessarily accurate.
+	 * That's fine for its purpose; don't use it for tasks requiring
+	 * greater accuracy!
+	 */
+	char loose_objects_subdir_seen[256];
+	struct oid_array loose_objects_cache;
+
+	/*
+	 * Path to the alternative object store. If this is a relative path,
+	 * it is relative to the current working directory.
+	 */
+	char path[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+void prepare_alt_odb(struct repository *r);
+char *compute_alternate_path(const char *path, struct strbuf *err);
+typedef int alt_odb_fn(struct alternate_object_database *, void *);
+int foreach_alt_odb(alt_odb_fn, void*);
+
+/*
+ * Allocate a "struct alternate_object_database" but do _not_ actually
+ * add it to the list of alternates.
+ */
+struct alternate_object_database *alloc_alt_odb(const char *dir);
+
+/*
+ * Add the directory to the on-disk alternates file; the new entry will also
+ * take effect in the current process.
+ */
+void add_to_alternates_file(const char *dir);
+
+/*
+ * Add the directory to the in-memory list of alternates (along with any
+ * recursive alternates it points to), but do not modify the on-disk alternates
+ * file.
+ */
+void add_to_alternates_memory(const char *dir);
+
+/*
+ * Returns a scratch strbuf pre-filled with the alternate object directory,
+ * including a trailing slash, which can be used to access paths in the
+ * alternate. Always use this over direct access to alt->scratch, as it
+ * cleans up any previous use of the scratch buffer.
+ */
+struct strbuf *alt_scratch_buf(struct alternate_object_database *alt);
+
+struct packed_git {
+	struct packed_git *next;
+	struct list_head mru;
+	struct pack_window *windows;
+	off_t pack_size;
+	const void *index_data;
+	size_t index_size;
+	uint32_t num_objects;
+	uint32_t num_bad_objects;
+	unsigned char *bad_object_sha1;
+	int index_version;
+	time_t mtime;
+	int pack_fd;
+	int index;              /* for builtin/pack-objects.c */
+	unsigned pack_local:1,
+		 pack_keep:1,
+		 pack_keep_in_core:1,
+		 freshened:1,
+		 do_not_close:1,
+		 pack_promisor:1;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct revindex_entry *revindex;
+	/* something like ".git/objects/pack/xxxxx.pack" */
+	char pack_name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
+};
+
+struct raw_object_store {
+	/*
+	 * Path to the repository's object store.
+	 * Cannot be NULL after initialization.
+	 */
+	char *objectdir;
+
+	/* Path to extra alternate object database if not NULL */
+	char *alternate_db;
+
+	struct alternate_object_database *alt_odb_list;
+	struct alternate_object_database **alt_odb_tail;
+
+	/*
+	 * Objects that should be substituted by other objects
+	 * (see git-replace(1)).
+	 */
+	struct oidmap *replace_map;
+
+	struct commit_graph *commit_graph;
+	unsigned commit_graph_attempted : 1; /* if loading has been attempted */
+
+	/*
+	 * private data
+	 *
+	 * should only be accessed directly by packfile.c
+	 */
+
+	struct packed_git *packed_git;
+	/* A most-recently-used ordered version of the packed_git list. */
+	struct list_head packed_git_mru;
+
+	/*
+	 * A fast, rough count of the number of objects in the repository.
+	 * These two fields are not meant for direct access. Use
+	 * approximate_object_count() instead.
+	 */
+	unsigned long approximate_object_count;
+	unsigned approximate_object_count_valid : 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Whether packed_git has already been populated with this repository's
+	 * packs.
+	 */
+	unsigned packed_git_initialized : 1;
+};
+
+struct raw_object_store *raw_object_store_new(void);
+void raw_object_store_clear(struct raw_object_store *o);
+
+/*
+ * Put in `buf` the name of the file in the local object database that
+ * would be used to store a loose object with the specified sha1.
+ */
+void sha1_file_name(struct repository *r, struct strbuf *buf, const unsigned char *sha1);
+
+void *map_sha1_file(struct repository *r, const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *size);
+
+extern void *read_object_file_extended(const struct object_id *oid,
+				       enum object_type *type,
+				       unsigned long *size, int lookup_replace);
+static inline void *read_object_file(const struct object_id *oid, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *size)
+{
+	return read_object_file_extended(oid, type, size, 1);
+}
+
+/* Read and unpack an object file into memory, write memory to an object file */
+int oid_object_info(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *, unsigned long *);
+
+extern int hash_object_file(const void *buf, unsigned long len,
+			    const char *type, struct object_id *oid);
+
+extern int write_object_file(const void *buf, unsigned long len,
+			     const char *type, struct object_id *oid);
+
+extern int hash_object_file_literally(const void *buf, unsigned long len,
+				      const char *type, struct object_id *oid,
+				      unsigned flags);
+
+extern int pretend_object_file(void *, unsigned long, enum object_type,
+			       struct object_id *oid);
+
+extern int force_object_loose(const struct object_id *oid, time_t mtime);
+
+/*
+ * Open the loose object at path, check its hash, and return the contents,
+ * type, and size. If the object is a blob, then "contents" may return NULL,
+ * to allow streaming of large blobs.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, negative on error (details may be written to stderr).
+ */
+int read_loose_object(const char *path,
+		      const struct object_id *expected_oid,
+		      enum object_type *type,
+		      unsigned long *size,
+		      void **contents);
+
+/*
+ * Convenience for sha1_object_info_extended() with a NULL struct
+ * object_info. OBJECT_INFO_SKIP_CACHED is automatically set; pass
+ * nonzero flags to also set other flags.
+ */
+extern int has_sha1_file_with_flags(const unsigned char *sha1, int flags);
+static inline int has_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	return has_sha1_file_with_flags(sha1, 0);
+}
+
+/* Same as the above, except for struct object_id. */
+extern int has_object_file(const struct object_id *oid);
+extern int has_object_file_with_flags(const struct object_id *oid, int flags);
+
+/*
+ * Return true iff an alternate object database has a loose object
+ * with the specified name.  This function does not respect replace
+ * references.
+ */
+extern int has_loose_object_nonlocal(const struct object_id *);
+
+extern void assert_oid_type(const struct object_id *oid, enum object_type expect);
+
+struct object_info {
+	/* Request */
+	enum object_type *typep;
+	unsigned long *sizep;
+	off_t *disk_sizep;
+	unsigned char *delta_base_sha1;
+	struct strbuf *type_name;
+	void **contentp;
+
+	/* Response */
+	enum {
+		OI_CACHED,
+		OI_LOOSE,
+		OI_PACKED,
+		OI_DBCACHED
+	} whence;
+	union {
+		/*
+		 * struct {
+		 * 	... Nothing to expose in this case
+		 * } cached;
+		 * struct {
+		 * 	... Nothing to expose in this case
+		 * } loose;
+		 */
+		struct {
+			struct packed_git *pack;
+			off_t offset;
+			unsigned int is_delta;
+		} packed;
+	} u;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Initializer for a "struct object_info" that wants no items. You may
+ * also memset() the memory to all-zeroes.
+ */
+#define OBJECT_INFO_INIT {NULL}
+
+/* Invoke lookup_replace_object() on the given hash */
+#define OBJECT_INFO_LOOKUP_REPLACE 1
+/* Allow reading from a loose object file of unknown/bogus type */
+#define OBJECT_INFO_ALLOW_UNKNOWN_TYPE 2
+/* Do not check cached storage */
+#define OBJECT_INFO_SKIP_CACHED 4
+/* Do not retry packed storage after checking packed and loose storage */
+#define OBJECT_INFO_QUICK 8
+/* Do not check loose object */
+#define OBJECT_INFO_IGNORE_LOOSE 16
+
+int oid_object_info_extended(struct repository *r,
+			     const struct object_id *,
+			     struct object_info *, unsigned flags);
+
+/*
+ * Iterate over the files in the loose-object parts of the object
+ * directory "path", triggering the following callbacks:
+ *
+ *  - loose_object is called for each loose object we find.
+ *
+ *  - loose_cruft is called for any files that do not appear to be
+ *    loose objects. Note that we only look in the loose object
+ *    directories "objects/[0-9a-f]{2}/", so we will not report
+ *    "objects/foobar" as cruft.
+ *
+ *  - loose_subdir is called for each top-level hashed subdirectory
+ *    of the object directory (e.g., "$OBJDIR/f0"). It is called
+ *    after the objects in the directory are processed.
+ *
+ * Any callback that is NULL will be ignored. Callbacks returning non-zero
+ * will end the iteration.
+ *
+ * In the "buf" variant, "path" is a strbuf which will also be used as a
+ * scratch buffer, but restored to its original contents before
+ * the function returns.
+ */
+typedef int each_loose_object_fn(const struct object_id *oid,
+				 const char *path,
+				 void *data);
+typedef int each_loose_cruft_fn(const char *basename,
+				const char *path,
+				void *data);
+typedef int each_loose_subdir_fn(unsigned int nr,
+				 const char *path,
+				 void *data);
+int for_each_file_in_obj_subdir(unsigned int subdir_nr,
+				struct strbuf *path,
+				each_loose_object_fn obj_cb,
+				each_loose_cruft_fn cruft_cb,
+				each_loose_subdir_fn subdir_cb,
+				void *data);
+int for_each_loose_file_in_objdir(const char *path,
+				  each_loose_object_fn obj_cb,
+				  each_loose_cruft_fn cruft_cb,
+				  each_loose_subdir_fn subdir_cb,
+				  void *data);
+int for_each_loose_file_in_objdir_buf(struct strbuf *path,
+				      each_loose_object_fn obj_cb,
+				      each_loose_cruft_fn cruft_cb,
+				      each_loose_subdir_fn subdir_cb,
+				      void *data);
+
+/* Flags for for_each_*_object() below. */
+enum for_each_object_flags {
+	/* Iterate only over local objects, not alternates. */
+	FOR_EACH_OBJECT_LOCAL_ONLY = (1<<0),
+
+	/* Only iterate over packs obtained from the promisor remote. */
+	FOR_EACH_OBJECT_PROMISOR_ONLY = (1<<1),
+
+	/*
+	 * Visit objects within a pack in packfile order rather than .idx order
+	 */
+	FOR_EACH_OBJECT_PACK_ORDER = (1<<2),
+};
+
+/*
+ * Iterate over all accessible loose objects without respect to
+ * reachability. By default, this includes both local and alternate objects.
+ * The order in which objects are visited is unspecified.
+ *
+ * Any flags specific to packs are ignored.
+ */
+int for_each_loose_object(each_loose_object_fn, void *,
+			  enum for_each_object_flags flags);
+
+/*
+ * Iterate over all accessible packed objects without respect to reachability.
+ * By default, this includes both local and alternate packs.
+ *
+ * Note that some objects may appear twice if they are found in multiple packs.
+ * Each pack is visited in an unspecified order. By default, objects within a
+ * pack are visited in pack-idx order (i.e., sorted by oid).
+ */
+typedef int each_packed_object_fn(const struct object_id *oid,
+				  struct packed_git *pack,
+				  uint32_t pos,
+				  void *data);
+int for_each_object_in_pack(struct packed_git *p,
+			    each_packed_object_fn, void *data,
+			    enum for_each_object_flags flags);
+int for_each_packed_object(each_packed_object_fn, void *,
+			   enum for_each_object_flags flags);
+
+#endif /* OBJECT_STORE_H */
diff --git a/object.c b/object.c
index 23d6c96719..51c4594515 100644
--- a/object.c
+++ b/object.c
@@ -1,21 +1,24 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "object.h"
+#include "replace-object.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
-
-static struct object **obj_hash;
-static int nr_objs, obj_hash_size;
+#include "alloc.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "commit-graph.h"
 
 unsigned int get_max_object_index(void)
 {
-	return obj_hash_size;
+	return the_repository->parsed_objects->obj_hash_size;
 }
 
 struct object *get_indexed_object(unsigned int idx)
 {
-	return obj_hash[idx];
+	return the_repository->parsed_objects->obj_hash[idx];
 }
 
 static const char *object_type_strings[] = {
@@ -26,7 +29,7 @@ static const char *object_type_strings[] = {
 	"tag",		/* OBJ_TAG = 4 */
 };
 
-const char *typename(unsigned int type)
+const char *type_name(unsigned int type)
 {
 	if (type >= ARRAY_SIZE(object_type_strings))
 		return NULL;
@@ -41,13 +44,14 @@ int type_from_string_gently(const char *str, ssize_t len, int gentle)
 		len = strlen(str);
 
 	for (i = 1; i < ARRAY_SIZE(object_type_strings); i++)
-		if (!strncmp(str, object_type_strings[i], len))
+		if (!strncmp(str, object_type_strings[i], len) &&
+		    object_type_strings[i][len] == '\0')
 			return i;
 
 	if (gentle)
 		return -1;
 
-	die("invalid object type \"%s\"", str);
+	die(_("invalid object type \"%s\""), str);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -67,7 +71,7 @@ static unsigned int hash_obj(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned int n)
  */
 static void insert_obj_hash(struct object *obj, struct object **hash, unsigned int size)
 {
-	unsigned int j = hash_obj(obj->sha1, size);
+	unsigned int j = hash_obj(obj->oid.hash, size);
 
 	while (hash[j]) {
 		j++;
@@ -81,20 +85,20 @@ static void insert_obj_hash(struct object *obj, struct object **hash, unsigned i
  * Look up the record for the given sha1 in the hash map stored in
  * obj_hash.  Return NULL if it was not found.
  */
-struct object *lookup_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
+struct object *lookup_object(struct repository *r, const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	unsigned int i, first;
 	struct object *obj;
 
-	if (!obj_hash)
+	if (!r->parsed_objects->obj_hash)
 		return NULL;
 
-	first = i = hash_obj(sha1, obj_hash_size);
-	while ((obj = obj_hash[i]) != NULL) {
-		if (!hashcmp(sha1, obj->sha1))
+	first = i = hash_obj(sha1, r->parsed_objects->obj_hash_size);
+	while ((obj = r->parsed_objects->obj_hash[i]) != NULL) {
+		if (!hashcmp(sha1, obj->oid.hash))
 			break;
 		i++;
-		if (i == obj_hash_size)
+		if (i == r->parsed_objects->obj_hash_size)
 			i = 0;
 	}
 	if (obj && i != first) {
@@ -103,9 +107,8 @@ struct object *lookup_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
 		 * that we do not need to walk the hash table the next
 		 * time we look for it.
 		 */
-		struct object *tmp = obj_hash[i];
-		obj_hash[i] = obj_hash[first];
-		obj_hash[first] = tmp;
+		SWAP(r->parsed_objects->obj_hash[i],
+		     r->parsed_objects->obj_hash[first]);
 	}
 	return obj;
 }
@@ -115,87 +118,89 @@ struct object *lookup_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
  * power of 2 (but at least 32).  Copy the existing values to the new
  * hash map.
  */
-static void grow_object_hash(void)
+static void grow_object_hash(struct repository *r)
 {
 	int i;
 	/*
 	 * Note that this size must always be power-of-2 to match hash_obj
 	 * above.
 	 */
-	int new_hash_size = obj_hash_size < 32 ? 32 : 2 * obj_hash_size;
+	int new_hash_size = r->parsed_objects->obj_hash_size < 32 ? 32 : 2 * r->parsed_objects->obj_hash_size;
 	struct object **new_hash;
 
 	new_hash = xcalloc(new_hash_size, sizeof(struct object *));
-	for (i = 0; i < obj_hash_size; i++) {
-		struct object *obj = obj_hash[i];
+	for (i = 0; i < r->parsed_objects->obj_hash_size; i++) {
+		struct object *obj = r->parsed_objects->obj_hash[i];
+
 		if (!obj)
 			continue;
 		insert_obj_hash(obj, new_hash, new_hash_size);
 	}
-	free(obj_hash);
-	obj_hash = new_hash;
-	obj_hash_size = new_hash_size;
+	free(r->parsed_objects->obj_hash);
+	r->parsed_objects->obj_hash = new_hash;
+	r->parsed_objects->obj_hash_size = new_hash_size;
 }
 
-void *create_object(const unsigned char *sha1, void *o)
+void *create_object(struct repository *r, const unsigned char *sha1, void *o)
 {
 	struct object *obj = o;
 
 	obj->parsed = 0;
-	obj->used = 0;
 	obj->flags = 0;
-	hashcpy(obj->sha1, sha1);
+	hashcpy(obj->oid.hash, sha1);
 
-	if (obj_hash_size - 1 <= nr_objs * 2)
-		grow_object_hash();
+	if (r->parsed_objects->obj_hash_size - 1 <= r->parsed_objects->nr_objs * 2)
+		grow_object_hash(r);
 
-	insert_obj_hash(obj, obj_hash, obj_hash_size);
-	nr_objs++;
+	insert_obj_hash(obj, r->parsed_objects->obj_hash,
+			r->parsed_objects->obj_hash_size);
+	r->parsed_objects->nr_objs++;
 	return obj;
 }
 
-void *object_as_type(struct object *obj, enum object_type type, int quiet)
+void *object_as_type(struct repository *r, struct object *obj, enum object_type type, int quiet)
 {
 	if (obj->type == type)
 		return obj;
 	else if (obj->type == OBJ_NONE) {
 		if (type == OBJ_COMMIT)
-			((struct commit *)obj)->index = alloc_commit_index();
+			((struct commit *)obj)->index = alloc_commit_index(r);
 		obj->type = type;
 		return obj;
 	}
 	else {
 		if (!quiet)
-			error("object %s is a %s, not a %s",
-			      sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1),
-			      typename(obj->type), typename(type));
+			error(_("object %s is a %s, not a %s"),
+			      oid_to_hex(&obj->oid),
+			      type_name(obj->type), type_name(type));
 		return NULL;
 	}
 }
 
 struct object *lookup_unknown_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
+	struct object *obj = lookup_object(the_repository, sha1);
 	if (!obj)
-		obj = create_object(sha1, alloc_object_node());
+		obj = create_object(the_repository, sha1,
+				    alloc_object_node(the_repository));
 	return obj;
 }
 
-struct object *parse_object_buffer(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type type, unsigned long size, void *buffer, int *eaten_p)
+struct object *parse_object_buffer(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid, enum object_type type, unsigned long size, void *buffer, int *eaten_p)
 {
 	struct object *obj;
 	*eaten_p = 0;
 
 	obj = NULL;
 	if (type == OBJ_BLOB) {
-		struct blob *blob = lookup_blob(sha1);
+		struct blob *blob = lookup_blob(r, oid);
 		if (blob) {
 			if (parse_blob_buffer(blob, buffer, size))
 				return NULL;
 			obj = &blob->object;
 		}
 	} else if (type == OBJ_TREE) {
-		struct tree *tree = lookup_tree(sha1);
+		struct tree *tree = lookup_tree(r, oid);
 		if (tree) {
 			obj = &tree->object;
 			if (!tree->buffer)
@@ -207,73 +212,74 @@ struct object *parse_object_buffer(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type t
 			}
 		}
 	} else if (type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
-		struct commit *commit = lookup_commit(sha1);
+		struct commit *commit = lookup_commit(r, oid);
 		if (commit) {
-			if (parse_commit_buffer(commit, buffer, size))
+			if (parse_commit_buffer(r, commit, buffer, size, 1))
 				return NULL;
-			if (!get_cached_commit_buffer(commit, NULL)) {
-				set_commit_buffer(commit, buffer, size);
+			if (!get_cached_commit_buffer(r, commit, NULL)) {
+				set_commit_buffer(r, commit, buffer, size);
 				*eaten_p = 1;
 			}
 			obj = &commit->object;
 		}
 	} else if (type == OBJ_TAG) {
-		struct tag *tag = lookup_tag(sha1);
+		struct tag *tag = lookup_tag(r, oid);
 		if (tag) {
-			if (parse_tag_buffer(tag, buffer, size))
+			if (parse_tag_buffer(r, tag, buffer, size))
 			       return NULL;
 			obj = &tag->object;
 		}
 	} else {
-		warning("object %s has unknown type id %d", sha1_to_hex(sha1), type);
+		warning(_("object %s has unknown type id %d"), oid_to_hex(oid), type);
 		obj = NULL;
 	}
 	return obj;
 }
 
-struct object *parse_object_or_die(const unsigned char *sha1,
+struct object *parse_object_or_die(const struct object_id *oid,
 				   const char *name)
 {
-	struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
+	struct object *o = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
 	if (o)
 		return o;
 
-	die(_("unable to parse object: %s"), name ? name : sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	die(_("unable to parse object: %s"), name ? name : oid_to_hex(oid));
 }
 
-struct object *parse_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
+struct object *parse_object(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
 	int eaten;
-	const unsigned char *repl = lookup_replace_object(sha1);
+	const struct object_id *repl = lookup_replace_object(r, oid);
 	void *buffer;
 	struct object *obj;
 
-	obj = lookup_object(sha1);
+	obj = lookup_object(r, oid->hash);
 	if (obj && obj->parsed)
 		return obj;
 
-	if ((obj && obj->type == OBJ_BLOB) ||
-	    (!obj && has_sha1_file(sha1) &&
-	     sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL) == OBJ_BLOB)) {
-		if (check_sha1_signature(repl, NULL, 0, NULL) < 0) {
-			error("sha1 mismatch %s", sha1_to_hex(repl));
+	if ((obj && obj->type == OBJ_BLOB && has_object_file(oid)) ||
+	    (!obj && has_object_file(oid) &&
+	     oid_object_info(r, oid, NULL) == OBJ_BLOB)) {
+		if (check_object_signature(repl, NULL, 0, NULL) < 0) {
+			error(_("sha1 mismatch %s"), oid_to_hex(oid));
 			return NULL;
 		}
-		parse_blob_buffer(lookup_blob(sha1), NULL, 0);
-		return lookup_object(sha1);
+		parse_blob_buffer(lookup_blob(r, oid), NULL, 0);
+		return lookup_object(r, oid->hash);
 	}
 
-	buffer = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	buffer = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
 	if (buffer) {
-		if (check_sha1_signature(repl, buffer, size, typename(type)) < 0) {
+		if (check_object_signature(repl, buffer, size, type_name(type)) < 0) {
 			free(buffer);
-			error("sha1 mismatch %s", sha1_to_hex(repl));
+			error(_("sha1 mismatch %s"), oid_to_hex(repl));
 			return NULL;
 		}
 
-		obj = parse_object_buffer(sha1, type, size, buffer, &eaten);
+		obj = parse_object_buffer(r, oid, type, size,
+					  buffer, &eaten);
 		if (!eaten)
 			free(buffer);
 		return obj;
@@ -355,6 +361,19 @@ static void object_array_release_entry(struct object_array_entry *ent)
 	free(ent->path);
 }
 
+struct object *object_array_pop(struct object_array *array)
+{
+	struct object *ret;
+
+	if (!array->nr)
+		return NULL;
+
+	ret = array->objects[array->nr - 1].item;
+	object_array_release_entry(&array->objects[array->nr - 1]);
+	array->nr--;
+	return ret;
+}
+
 void object_array_filter(struct object_array *array,
 			 object_array_each_func_t want, void *cb_data)
 {
@@ -378,8 +397,7 @@ void object_array_clear(struct object_array *array)
 	int i;
 	for (i = 0; i < array->nr; i++)
 		object_array_release_entry(&array->objects[i]);
-	free(array->objects);
-	array->objects = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(array->objects);
 	array->nr = array->alloc = 0;
 }
 
@@ -418,9 +436,129 @@ void clear_object_flags(unsigned flags)
 {
 	int i;
 
-	for (i=0; i < obj_hash_size; i++) {
-		struct object *obj = obj_hash[i];
+	for (i=0; i < the_repository->parsed_objects->obj_hash_size; i++) {
+		struct object *obj = the_repository->parsed_objects->obj_hash[i];
 		if (obj)
 			obj->flags &= ~flags;
 	}
 }
+
+void clear_commit_marks_all(unsigned int flags)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < the_repository->parsed_objects->obj_hash_size; i++) {
+		struct object *obj = the_repository->parsed_objects->obj_hash[i];
+		if (obj && obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+			obj->flags &= ~flags;
+	}
+}
+
+struct parsed_object_pool *parsed_object_pool_new(void)
+{
+	struct parsed_object_pool *o = xmalloc(sizeof(*o));
+	memset(o, 0, sizeof(*o));
+
+	o->blob_state = allocate_alloc_state();
+	o->tree_state = allocate_alloc_state();
+	o->commit_state = allocate_alloc_state();
+	o->tag_state = allocate_alloc_state();
+	o->object_state = allocate_alloc_state();
+
+	o->is_shallow = -1;
+	o->shallow_stat = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*o->shallow_stat));
+
+	o->buffer_slab = allocate_commit_buffer_slab();
+
+	return o;
+}
+
+struct raw_object_store *raw_object_store_new(void)
+{
+	struct raw_object_store *o = xmalloc(sizeof(*o));
+
+	memset(o, 0, sizeof(*o));
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&o->packed_git_mru);
+	return o;
+}
+
+static void free_alt_odb(struct alternate_object_database *alt)
+{
+	strbuf_release(&alt->scratch);
+	oid_array_clear(&alt->loose_objects_cache);
+	free(alt);
+}
+
+static void free_alt_odbs(struct raw_object_store *o)
+{
+	while (o->alt_odb_list) {
+		struct alternate_object_database *next;
+
+		next = o->alt_odb_list->next;
+		free_alt_odb(o->alt_odb_list);
+		o->alt_odb_list = next;
+	}
+}
+
+void raw_object_store_clear(struct raw_object_store *o)
+{
+	FREE_AND_NULL(o->objectdir);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(o->alternate_db);
+
+	oidmap_free(o->replace_map, 1);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(o->replace_map);
+
+	free_commit_graph(o->commit_graph);
+	o->commit_graph = NULL;
+	o->commit_graph_attempted = 0;
+
+	free_alt_odbs(o);
+	o->alt_odb_tail = NULL;
+
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&o->packed_git_mru);
+	close_all_packs(o);
+	o->packed_git = NULL;
+}
+
+void parsed_object_pool_clear(struct parsed_object_pool *o)
+{
+	/*
+	 * As objects are allocated in slabs (see alloc.c), we do
+	 * not need to free each object, but each slab instead.
+	 *
+	 * Before doing so, we need to free any additional memory
+	 * the objects may hold.
+	 */
+	unsigned i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < o->obj_hash_size; i++) {
+		struct object *obj = o->obj_hash[i];
+
+		if (!obj)
+			continue;
+
+		if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE)
+			free_tree_buffer((struct tree*)obj);
+		else if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+			release_commit_memory((struct commit*)obj);
+		else if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
+			release_tag_memory((struct tag*)obj);
+	}
+
+	FREE_AND_NULL(o->obj_hash);
+	o->obj_hash_size = 0;
+
+	free_commit_buffer_slab(o->buffer_slab);
+	o->buffer_slab = NULL;
+
+	clear_alloc_state(o->blob_state);
+	clear_alloc_state(o->tree_state);
+	clear_alloc_state(o->commit_state);
+	clear_alloc_state(o->tag_state);
+	clear_alloc_state(o->object_state);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(o->blob_state);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(o->tree_state);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(o->commit_state);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(o->tag_state);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(o->object_state);
+}
diff --git a/object.h b/object.h
index 6416247def..6e28fdd0b4 100644
--- a/object.h
+++ b/object.h
@@ -1,6 +1,38 @@
 #ifndef OBJECT_H
 #define OBJECT_H
 
+#include "cache.h"
+
+struct buffer_slab;
+
+struct parsed_object_pool {
+	struct object **obj_hash;
+	int nr_objs, obj_hash_size;
+
+	/* TODO: migrate alloc_states to mem-pool? */
+	struct alloc_state *blob_state;
+	struct alloc_state *tree_state;
+	struct alloc_state *commit_state;
+	struct alloc_state *tag_state;
+	struct alloc_state *object_state;
+	unsigned commit_count;
+
+	/* parent substitutions from .git/info/grafts and .git/shallow */
+	struct commit_graft **grafts;
+	int grafts_alloc, grafts_nr;
+
+	int is_shallow;
+	struct stat_validity *shallow_stat;
+	char *alternate_shallow_file;
+
+	int commit_graft_prepared;
+
+	struct buffer_slab *buffer_slab;
+};
+
+struct parsed_object_pool *parsed_object_pool_new(void);
+void parsed_object_pool_clear(struct parsed_object_pool *o);
+
 struct object_list {
 	struct object *item;
 	struct object_list *next;
@@ -25,19 +57,26 @@ struct object_array {
 
 #define OBJECT_ARRAY_INIT { 0, 0, NULL }
 
-#define TYPE_BITS   3
 /*
  * object flag allocation:
- * revision.h:      0---------10                                26
- * fetch-pack.c:    0---4
- * walker.c:        0-2
- * upload-pack.c:               11----------------19
- * builtin/blame.c:               12-13
- * bisect.c:                               16
- * bundle.c:                               16
- * http-push.c:                            16-----19
- * commit.c:                               16-----19
- * sha1_name.c:                                     20
+ * revision.h:               0---------10                              2526
+ * fetch-pack.c:             01
+ * negotiator/default.c:       2--5
+ * walker.c:                 0-2
+ * upload-pack.c:                4       11----------------19
+ * builtin/blame.c:                        12-13
+ * bisect.c:                                        16
+ * bundle.c:                                        16
+ * http-push.c:                                     16-----19
+ * commit.c:                                        16-----19
+ * sha1-name.c:                                              20
+ * list-objects-filter.c:                                      21
+ * builtin/fsck.c:           0--3
+ * builtin/index-pack.c:                                     2021
+ * builtin/pack-objects.c:                                   20
+ * builtin/reflog.c:                   10--12
+ * builtin/show-branch.c:    0-------------------------------------------26
+ * builtin/unpack-objects.c:                                 2021
  */
 #define FLAG_BITS  27
 
@@ -46,13 +85,12 @@ struct object_array {
  */
 struct object {
 	unsigned parsed : 1;
-	unsigned used : 1;
 	unsigned type : TYPE_BITS;
 	unsigned flags : FLAG_BITS;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 };
 
-extern const char *typename(unsigned int type);
+extern const char *type_name(unsigned int type);
 extern int type_from_string_gently(const char *str, ssize_t, int gentle);
 #define type_from_string(str) type_from_string_gently(str, -1, 0)
 
@@ -78,31 +116,31 @@ extern struct object *get_indexed_object(unsigned int);
  * half-initialised objects, the caller is expected to initialize them
  * by calling parse_object() on them.
  */
-struct object *lookup_object(const unsigned char *sha1);
+struct object *lookup_object(struct repository *r, const unsigned char *sha1);
 
-extern void *create_object(const unsigned char *sha1, void *obj);
+extern void *create_object(struct repository *r, const unsigned char *sha1, void *obj);
 
-void *object_as_type(struct object *obj, enum object_type type, int quiet);
+void *object_as_type(struct repository *r, struct object *obj, enum object_type type, int quiet);
 
 /*
  * Returns the object, having parsed it to find out what it is.
  *
  * Returns NULL if the object is missing or corrupt.
  */
-struct object *parse_object(const unsigned char *sha1);
+struct object *parse_object(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid);
 
 /*
  * Like parse_object, but will die() instead of returning NULL. If the
  * "name" parameter is not NULL, it is included in the error message
- * (otherwise, the sha1 hex is given).
+ * (otherwise, the hex object ID is given).
  */
-struct object *parse_object_or_die(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *name);
+struct object *parse_object_or_die(const struct object_id *oid, const char *name);
 
 /* Given the result of read_sha1_file(), returns the object after
  * parsing it.  eaten_p indicates if the object has a borrowed copy
  * of buffer and the caller should not free() it.
  */
-struct object *parse_object_buffer(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type type, unsigned long size, void *buffer, int *eaten_p);
+struct object *parse_object_buffer(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid, enum object_type type, unsigned long size, void *buffer, int *eaten_p);
 
 /** Returns the object, with potentially excess memory allocated. **/
 struct object *lookup_unknown_object(const unsigned  char *sha1);
@@ -116,6 +154,14 @@ int object_list_contains(struct object_list *list, struct object *obj);
 void add_object_array(struct object *obj, const char *name, struct object_array *array);
 void add_object_array_with_path(struct object *obj, const char *name, struct object_array *array, unsigned mode, const char *path);
 
+/*
+ * Returns NULL if the array is empty. Otherwise, returns the last object
+ * after removing its entry from the array. Other resources associated
+ * with that object are left in an unspecified state and should not be
+ * examined.
+ */
+struct object *object_array_pop(struct object_array *array);
+
 typedef int (*object_array_each_func_t)(struct object_array_entry *, void *);
 
 /*
@@ -140,4 +186,9 @@ void object_array_clear(struct object_array *array);
 
 void clear_object_flags(unsigned flags);
 
+/*
+ * Clear the specified object flags from all in-core commit objects.
+ */
+extern void clear_commit_marks_all(unsigned int flags);
+
 #endif /* OBJECT_H */
diff --git a/oidmap.c b/oidmap.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d9fb19ba6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/oidmap.c
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "oidmap.h"
+
+static int cmpfn(const void *hashmap_cmp_fn_data,
+		 const void *entry, const void *entry_or_key,
+		 const void *keydata)
+{
+	const struct oidmap_entry *entry_ = entry;
+	if (keydata)
+		return oidcmp(&entry_->oid, (const struct object_id *) keydata);
+	return oidcmp(&entry_->oid,
+		      &((const struct oidmap_entry *) entry_or_key)->oid);
+}
+
+static int hash(const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	int hash;
+	memcpy(&hash, oid->hash, sizeof(hash));
+	return hash;
+}
+
+void oidmap_init(struct oidmap *map, size_t initial_size)
+{
+	hashmap_init(&map->map, cmpfn, NULL, initial_size);
+}
+
+void oidmap_free(struct oidmap *map, int free_entries)
+{
+	if (!map)
+		return;
+	hashmap_free(&map->map, free_entries);
+}
+
+void *oidmap_get(const struct oidmap *map, const struct object_id *key)
+{
+	if (!map->map.cmpfn)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return hashmap_get_from_hash(&map->map, hash(key), key);
+}
+
+void *oidmap_remove(struct oidmap *map, const struct object_id *key)
+{
+	struct hashmap_entry entry;
+
+	if (!map->map.cmpfn)
+		oidmap_init(map, 0);
+
+	hashmap_entry_init(&entry, hash(key));
+	return hashmap_remove(&map->map, &entry, key);
+}
+
+void *oidmap_put(struct oidmap *map, void *entry)
+{
+	struct oidmap_entry *to_put = entry;
+
+	if (!map->map.cmpfn)
+		oidmap_init(map, 0);
+
+	hashmap_entry_init(&to_put->internal_entry, hash(&to_put->oid));
+	return hashmap_put(&map->map, to_put);
+}
diff --git a/oidmap.h b/oidmap.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..72430b611e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/oidmap.h
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+#ifndef OIDMAP_H
+#define OIDMAP_H
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "hashmap.h"
+
+/*
+ * struct oidmap_entry is a structure representing an entry in the hash table,
+ * which must be used as first member of user data structures.
+ *
+ * Users should set the oid field. oidmap_put() will populate the
+ * internal_entry field.
+ */
+struct oidmap_entry {
+	/* For internal use only */
+	struct hashmap_entry internal_entry;
+
+	struct object_id oid;
+};
+
+struct oidmap {
+	struct hashmap map;
+};
+
+#define OIDMAP_INIT { { NULL } }
+
+/*
+ * Initializes an oidmap structure.
+ *
+ * `map` is the oidmap to initialize.
+ *
+ * If the total number of entries is known in advance, the `initial_size`
+ * parameter may be used to preallocate a sufficiently large table and thus
+ * prevent expensive resizing. If 0, the table is dynamically resized.
+ */
+extern void oidmap_init(struct oidmap *map, size_t initial_size);
+
+/*
+ * Frees an oidmap structure and allocated memory.
+ *
+ * If `free_entries` is true, each oidmap_entry in the map is freed as well
+ * using stdlibs free().
+ */
+extern void oidmap_free(struct oidmap *map, int free_entries);
+
+/*
+ * Returns the oidmap entry for the specified oid, or NULL if not found.
+ */
+extern void *oidmap_get(const struct oidmap *map,
+			const struct object_id *key);
+
+/*
+ * Adds or replaces an oidmap entry.
+ *
+ * ((struct oidmap_entry *) entry)->internal_entry will be populated by this
+ * function.
+ *
+ * Returns the replaced entry, or NULL if not found (i.e. the entry was added).
+ */
+extern void *oidmap_put(struct oidmap *map, void *entry);
+
+/*
+ * Removes an oidmap entry matching the specified oid.
+ *
+ * Returns the removed entry, or NULL if not found.
+ */
+extern void *oidmap_remove(struct oidmap *map, const struct object_id *key);
+
+
+struct oidmap_iter {
+	struct hashmap_iter h_iter;
+};
+
+static inline void oidmap_iter_init(struct oidmap *map, struct oidmap_iter *iter)
+{
+	hashmap_iter_init(&map->map, &iter->h_iter);
+}
+
+static inline void *oidmap_iter_next(struct oidmap_iter *iter)
+{
+	return hashmap_iter_next(&iter->h_iter);
+}
+
+static inline void *oidmap_iter_first(struct oidmap *map,
+				      struct oidmap_iter *iter)
+{
+	oidmap_iter_init(map, iter);
+	return oidmap_iter_next(iter);
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/oidset.c b/oidset.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..454c54f933
--- /dev/null
+++ b/oidset.c
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "oidset.h"
+
+int oidset_contains(const struct oidset *set, const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	if (!set->map.map.tablesize)
+		return 0;
+	return !!oidmap_get(&set->map, oid);
+}
+
+int oidset_insert(struct oidset *set, const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	struct oidmap_entry *entry;
+
+	if (!set->map.map.tablesize)
+		oidmap_init(&set->map, 0);
+	else if (oidset_contains(set, oid))
+		return 1;
+
+	entry = xmalloc(sizeof(*entry));
+	oidcpy(&entry->oid, oid);
+
+	oidmap_put(&set->map, entry);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int oidset_remove(struct oidset *set, const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	struct oidmap_entry *entry;
+
+	entry = oidmap_remove(&set->map, oid);
+	free(entry);
+
+	return (entry != NULL);
+}
+
+void oidset_clear(struct oidset *set)
+{
+	oidmap_free(&set->map, 1);
+}
diff --git a/oidset.h b/oidset.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..40ec5f87fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/oidset.h
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+#ifndef OIDSET_H
+#define OIDSET_H
+
+#include "oidmap.h"
+
+/**
+ * This API is similar to sha1-array, in that it maintains a set of object ids
+ * in a memory-efficient way. The major differences are:
+ *
+ *   1. It uses a hash, so we can do online duplicate removal, rather than
+ *      sort-and-uniq at the end. This can reduce memory footprint if you have
+ *      a large list of oids with many duplicates.
+ *
+ *   2. The per-unique-oid memory footprint is slightly higher due to hash
+ *      table overhead.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * A single oidset; should be zero-initialized (or use OIDSET_INIT).
+ */
+struct oidset {
+	struct oidmap map;
+};
+
+#define OIDSET_INIT { OIDMAP_INIT }
+
+
+static inline void oidset_init(struct oidset *set, size_t initial_size)
+{
+	oidmap_init(&set->map, initial_size);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns true iff `set` contains `oid`.
+ */
+int oidset_contains(const struct oidset *set, const struct object_id *oid);
+
+/**
+ * Insert the oid into the set; a copy is made, so "oid" does not need
+ * to persist after this function is called.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if the oid was already in the set, 0 otherwise. This can be used
+ * to perform an efficient check-and-add.
+ */
+int oidset_insert(struct oidset *set, const struct object_id *oid);
+
+/**
+ * Remove the oid from the set.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if the oid was present in the set, 0 otherwise.
+ */
+int oidset_remove(struct oidset *set, const struct object_id *oid);
+
+/**
+ * Remove all entries from the oidset, freeing any resources associated with
+ * it.
+ */
+void oidset_clear(struct oidset *set);
+
+struct oidset_iter {
+	struct oidmap_iter m_iter;
+};
+
+static inline void oidset_iter_init(struct oidset *set,
+				    struct oidset_iter *iter)
+{
+	oidmap_iter_init(&set->map, &iter->m_iter);
+}
+
+static inline struct object_id *oidset_iter_next(struct oidset_iter *iter)
+{
+	struct oidmap_entry *e = oidmap_iter_next(&iter->m_iter);
+	return e ? &e->oid : NULL;
+}
+
+static inline struct object_id *oidset_iter_first(struct oidset *set,
+						  struct oidset_iter *iter)
+{
+	oidset_iter_init(set, iter);
+	return oidset_iter_next(iter);
+}
+
+#endif /* OIDSET_H */
diff --git a/pack-bitmap-write.c b/pack-bitmap-write.c
index c05d1386af..d977e9bacb 100644
--- a/pack-bitmap-write.c
+++ b/pack-bitmap-write.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "diff.h"
@@ -48,7 +49,8 @@ void bitmap_writer_show_progress(int show)
 /**
  * Build the initial type index for the packfile
  */
-void bitmap_writer_build_type_index(struct pack_idx_entry **index,
+void bitmap_writer_build_type_index(struct packing_data *to_pack,
+				    struct pack_idx_entry **index,
 				    uint32_t index_nr)
 {
 	uint32_t i;
@@ -57,23 +59,25 @@ void bitmap_writer_build_type_index(struct pack_idx_entry **index,
 	writer.trees = ewah_new();
 	writer.blobs = ewah_new();
 	writer.tags = ewah_new();
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(to_pack->in_pack_pos, to_pack->nr_objects);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < index_nr; ++i) {
 		struct object_entry *entry = (struct object_entry *)index[i];
 		enum object_type real_type;
 
-		entry->in_pack_pos = i;
+		oe_set_in_pack_pos(to_pack, entry, i);
 
-		switch (entry->type) {
+		switch (oe_type(entry)) {
 		case OBJ_COMMIT:
 		case OBJ_TREE:
 		case OBJ_BLOB:
 		case OBJ_TAG:
-			real_type = entry->type;
+			real_type = oe_type(entry);
 			break;
 
 		default:
-			real_type = sha1_object_info(entry->idx.sha1, NULL);
+			real_type = oid_object_info(the_repository,
+						    &entry->idx.oid, NULL);
 			break;
 		}
 
@@ -96,7 +100,8 @@ void bitmap_writer_build_type_index(struct pack_idx_entry **index,
 
 		default:
 			die("Missing type information for %s (%d/%d)",
-			    sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1), real_type, entry->type);
+			    oid_to_hex(&entry->idx.oid), real_type,
+			    oe_type(entry));
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -145,14 +150,13 @@ static uint32_t find_object_pos(const unsigned char *sha1)
 			"(object %s is missing)", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	}
 
-	return entry->in_pack_pos;
+	return oe_in_pack_pos(writer.to_pack, entry);
 }
 
-static void show_object(struct object *object, const struct name_path *path,
-			const char *last, void *data)
+static void show_object(struct object *object, const char *name, void *data)
 {
 	struct bitmap *base = data;
-	bitmap_set(base, find_object_pos(object->sha1));
+	bitmap_set(base, find_object_pos(object->oid.hash));
 	mark_as_seen(object);
 }
 
@@ -165,12 +169,12 @@ static int
 add_to_include_set(struct bitmap *base, struct commit *commit)
 {
 	khiter_t hash_pos;
-	uint32_t bitmap_pos = find_object_pos(commit->object.sha1);
+	uint32_t bitmap_pos = find_object_pos(commit->object.oid.hash);
 
 	if (bitmap_get(base, bitmap_pos))
 		return 0;
 
-	hash_pos = kh_get_sha1(writer.bitmaps, commit->object.sha1);
+	hash_pos = kh_get_sha1(writer.bitmaps, commit->object.oid.hash);
 	if (hash_pos < kh_end(writer.bitmaps)) {
 		struct bitmapped_commit *bc = kh_value(writer.bitmaps, hash_pos);
 		bitmap_or_ewah(base, bc->bitmap);
@@ -296,9 +300,7 @@ void bitmap_writer_build(struct packing_data *to_pack)
 
 			traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, show_object, base);
 
-			revs.pending.nr = 0;
-			revs.pending.alloc = 0;
-			revs.pending.objects = NULL;
+			object_array_clear(&revs.pending);
 
 			stored->bitmap = bitmap_to_ewah(base);
 			need_reset = 0;
@@ -308,10 +310,10 @@ void bitmap_writer_build(struct packing_data *to_pack)
 		if (i >= reuse_after)
 			stored->flags |= BITMAP_FLAG_REUSE;
 
-		hash_pos = kh_put_sha1(writer.bitmaps, object->sha1, &hash_ret);
+		hash_pos = kh_put_sha1(writer.bitmaps, object->oid.hash, &hash_ret);
 		if (hash_ret == 0)
 			die("Duplicate entry when writing index: %s",
-			    sha1_to_hex(object->sha1));
+			    oid_to_hex(&object->oid));
 
 		kh_value(writer.bitmaps, hash_pos) = stored;
 		display_progress(writer.progress, writer.selected_nr - i);
@@ -359,11 +361,17 @@ static int date_compare(const void *_a, const void *_b)
 
 void bitmap_writer_reuse_bitmaps(struct packing_data *to_pack)
 {
-	if (prepare_bitmap_git() < 0)
+	struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git;
+	if (!(bitmap_git = prepare_bitmap_git()))
 		return;
 
 	writer.reused = kh_init_sha1();
-	rebuild_existing_bitmaps(to_pack, writer.reused, writer.show_progress);
+	rebuild_existing_bitmaps(bitmap_git, to_pack, writer.reused,
+				 writer.show_progress);
+	/*
+	 * NEEDSWORK: rebuild_existing_bitmaps() makes writer.reused reference
+	 * some bitmaps in bitmap_git, so we can't free the latter.
+	 */
 }
 
 static struct ewah_bitmap *find_reused_bitmap(const unsigned char *sha1)
@@ -386,8 +394,7 @@ void bitmap_writer_select_commits(struct commit **indexed_commits,
 {
 	unsigned int i = 0, j, next;
 
-	qsort(indexed_commits, indexed_commits_nr, sizeof(indexed_commits[0]),
-	      date_compare);
+	QSORT(indexed_commits, indexed_commits_nr, date_compare);
 
 	if (writer.show_progress)
 		writer.progress = start_progress("Selecting bitmap commits", 0);
@@ -414,14 +421,14 @@ void bitmap_writer_select_commits(struct commit **indexed_commits,
 
 		if (next == 0) {
 			chosen = indexed_commits[i];
-			reused_bitmap = find_reused_bitmap(chosen->object.sha1);
+			reused_bitmap = find_reused_bitmap(chosen->object.oid.hash);
 		} else {
 			chosen = indexed_commits[i + next];
 
 			for (j = 0; j <= next; ++j) {
 				struct commit *cm = indexed_commits[i + j];
 
-				reused_bitmap = find_reused_bitmap(cm->object.sha1);
+				reused_bitmap = find_reused_bitmap(cm->object.oid.hash);
 				if (reused_bitmap || (cm->object.flags & NEEDS_BITMAP) != 0) {
 					chosen = cm;
 					break;
@@ -442,29 +449,29 @@ void bitmap_writer_select_commits(struct commit **indexed_commits,
 }
 
 
-static int sha1write_ewah_helper(void *f, const void *buf, size_t len)
+static int hashwrite_ewah_helper(void *f, const void *buf, size_t len)
 {
-	/* sha1write will die on error */
-	sha1write(f, buf, len);
+	/* hashwrite will die on error */
+	hashwrite(f, buf, len);
 	return len;
 }
 
 /**
  * Write the bitmap index to disk
  */
-static inline void dump_bitmap(struct sha1file *f, struct ewah_bitmap *bitmap)
+static inline void dump_bitmap(struct hashfile *f, struct ewah_bitmap *bitmap)
 {
-	if (ewah_serialize_to(bitmap, sha1write_ewah_helper, f) < 0)
+	if (ewah_serialize_to(bitmap, hashwrite_ewah_helper, f) < 0)
 		die("Failed to write bitmap index");
 }
 
 static const unsigned char *sha1_access(size_t pos, void *table)
 {
 	struct pack_idx_entry **index = table;
-	return index[pos]->sha1;
+	return index[pos]->oid.hash;
 }
 
-static void write_selected_commits_v1(struct sha1file *f,
+static void write_selected_commits_v1(struct hashfile *f,
 				      struct pack_idx_entry **index,
 				      uint32_t index_nr)
 {
@@ -474,20 +481,20 @@ static void write_selected_commits_v1(struct sha1file *f,
 		struct bitmapped_commit *stored = &writer.selected[i];
 
 		int commit_pos =
-			sha1_pos(stored->commit->object.sha1, index, index_nr, sha1_access);
+			sha1_pos(stored->commit->object.oid.hash, index, index_nr, sha1_access);
 
 		if (commit_pos < 0)
-			die("BUG: trying to write commit not in index");
+			BUG("trying to write commit not in index");
 
-		sha1write_be32(f, commit_pos);
-		sha1write_u8(f, stored->xor_offset);
-		sha1write_u8(f, stored->flags);
+		hashwrite_be32(f, commit_pos);
+		hashwrite_u8(f, stored->xor_offset);
+		hashwrite_u8(f, stored->flags);
 
 		dump_bitmap(f, stored->write_as);
 	}
 }
 
-static void write_hash_cache(struct sha1file *f,
+static void write_hash_cache(struct hashfile *f,
 			     struct pack_idx_entry **index,
 			     uint32_t index_nr)
 {
@@ -496,7 +503,7 @@ static void write_hash_cache(struct sha1file *f,
 	for (i = 0; i < index_nr; ++i) {
 		struct object_entry *entry = (struct object_entry *)index[i];
 		uint32_t hash_value = htonl(entry->hash);
-		sha1write(f, &hash_value, sizeof(hash_value));
+		hashwrite(f, &hash_value, sizeof(hash_value));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -510,18 +517,16 @@ void bitmap_writer_finish(struct pack_idx_entry **index,
 			  const char *filename,
 			  uint16_t options)
 {
-	static char tmp_file[PATH_MAX];
 	static uint16_t default_version = 1;
 	static uint16_t flags = BITMAP_OPT_FULL_DAG;
-	struct sha1file *f;
+	struct strbuf tmp_file = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct hashfile *f;
 
 	struct bitmap_disk_header header;
 
-	int fd = odb_mkstemp(tmp_file, sizeof(tmp_file), "pack/tmp_bitmap_XXXXXX");
+	int fd = odb_mkstemp(&tmp_file, "pack/tmp_bitmap_XXXXXX");
 
-	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno("unable to create '%s'", tmp_file);
-	f = sha1fd(fd, tmp_file);
+	f = hashfd(fd, tmp_file.buf);
 
 	memcpy(header.magic, BITMAP_IDX_SIGNATURE, sizeof(BITMAP_IDX_SIGNATURE));
 	header.version = htons(default_version);
@@ -529,7 +534,7 @@ void bitmap_writer_finish(struct pack_idx_entry **index,
 	header.entry_count = htonl(writer.selected_nr);
 	hashcpy(header.checksum, writer.pack_checksum);
 
-	sha1write(f, &header, sizeof(header));
+	hashwrite(f, &header, sizeof(header));
 	dump_bitmap(f, writer.commits);
 	dump_bitmap(f, writer.trees);
 	dump_bitmap(f, writer.blobs);
@@ -539,11 +544,13 @@ void bitmap_writer_finish(struct pack_idx_entry **index,
 	if (options & BITMAP_OPT_HASH_CACHE)
 		write_hash_cache(f, index, index_nr);
 
-	sha1close(f, NULL, CSUM_FSYNC);
+	finalize_hashfile(f, NULL, CSUM_HASH_IN_STREAM | CSUM_FSYNC | CSUM_CLOSE);
 
-	if (adjust_shared_perm(tmp_file))
+	if (adjust_shared_perm(tmp_file.buf))
 		die_errno("unable to make temporary bitmap file readable");
 
-	if (rename(tmp_file, filename))
+	if (rename(tmp_file.buf, filename))
 		die_errno("unable to rename temporary bitmap file to '%s'", filename);
+
+	strbuf_release(&tmp_file);
 }
diff --git a/pack-bitmap.c b/pack-bitmap.c
index 365f9d92ed..f0a1937a1c 100644
--- a/pack-bitmap.c
+++ b/pack-bitmap.c
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@
 #include "pack-bitmap.h"
 #include "pack-revindex.h"
 #include "pack-objects.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 /*
  * An entry on the bitmap index, representing the bitmap for a given
@@ -22,20 +25,17 @@ struct stored_bitmap {
 };
 
 /*
- * The currently active bitmap index. By design, repositories only have
+ * The active bitmap index for a repository. By design, repositories only have
  * a single bitmap index available (the index for the biggest packfile in
  * the repository), since bitmap indexes need full closure.
  *
  * If there is more than one bitmap index available (e.g. because of alternates),
  * the active bitmap index is the largest one.
  */
-static struct bitmap_index {
+struct bitmap_index {
 	/* Packfile to which this bitmap index belongs to */
 	struct packed_git *pack;
 
-	/* reverse index for the packfile */
-	struct pack_revindex *reverse_index;
-
 	/*
 	 * Mark the first `reuse_objects` in the packfile as reused:
 	 * they will be sent as-is without using them for repacking
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ static struct bitmap_index {
 	/* Number of bitmapped commits */
 	uint32_t entry_count;
 
-	/* Name-hash cache (or NULL if not present). */
+	/* If not NULL, this is a name-hash cache pointing into map. */
 	uint32_t *hashes;
 
 	/*
@@ -90,8 +90,7 @@ static struct bitmap_index {
 	unsigned int version;
 
 	unsigned loaded : 1;
-
-} bitmap_git;
+};
 
 static struct ewah_bitmap *lookup_stored_bitmap(struct stored_bitmap *st)
 {
@@ -120,7 +119,7 @@ static struct ewah_bitmap *read_bitmap_1(struct bitmap_index *index)
 {
 	struct ewah_bitmap *b = ewah_pool_new();
 
-	int bitmap_size = ewah_read_mmap(b,
+	ssize_t bitmap_size = ewah_read_mmap(b,
 		index->map + index->map_pos,
 		index->map_size - index->map_pos);
 
@@ -209,14 +208,12 @@ static inline uint8_t read_u8(const unsigned char *buffer, size_t *pos)
 	return buffer[(*pos)++];
 }
 
+#define MAX_XOR_OFFSET 160
+
 static int load_bitmap_entries_v1(struct bitmap_index *index)
 {
-	static const size_t MAX_XOR_OFFSET = 160;
-
 	uint32_t i;
-	struct stored_bitmap **recent_bitmaps;
-
-	recent_bitmaps = xcalloc(MAX_XOR_OFFSET, sizeof(struct stored_bitmap));
+	struct stored_bitmap *recent_bitmaps[MAX_XOR_OFFSET] = { NULL };
 
 	for (i = 0; i < index->entry_count; ++i) {
 		int xor_offset, flags;
@@ -254,19 +251,14 @@ static int load_bitmap_entries_v1(struct bitmap_index *index)
 
 static char *pack_bitmap_filename(struct packed_git *p)
 {
-	char *idx_name;
-	int len;
-
-	len = strlen(p->pack_name) - strlen(".pack");
-	idx_name = xmalloc(len + strlen(".bitmap") + 1);
-
-	memcpy(idx_name, p->pack_name, len);
-	memcpy(idx_name + len, ".bitmap", strlen(".bitmap") + 1);
+	size_t len;
 
-	return idx_name;
+	if (!strip_suffix(p->pack_name, ".pack", &len))
+		BUG("pack_name does not end in .pack");
+	return xstrfmt("%.*s.bitmap", (int)len, p->pack_name);
 }
 
-static int open_pack_bitmap_1(struct packed_git *packfile)
+static int open_pack_bitmap_1(struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git, struct packed_git *packfile)
 {
 	int fd;
 	struct stat st;
@@ -276,7 +268,7 @@ static int open_pack_bitmap_1(struct packed_git *packfile)
 		return -1;
 
 	idx_name = pack_bitmap_filename(packfile);
-	fd = git_open_noatime(idx_name);
+	fd = git_open(idx_name);
 	free(idx_name);
 
 	if (fd < 0)
@@ -287,124 +279,128 @@ static int open_pack_bitmap_1(struct packed_git *packfile)
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	if (bitmap_git.pack) {
+	if (bitmap_git->pack) {
 		warning("ignoring extra bitmap file: %s", packfile->pack_name);
 		close(fd);
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	bitmap_git.pack = packfile;
-	bitmap_git.map_size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
-	bitmap_git.map = xmmap(NULL, bitmap_git.map_size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
-	bitmap_git.map_pos = 0;
+	bitmap_git->pack = packfile;
+	bitmap_git->map_size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
+	bitmap_git->map = xmmap(NULL, bitmap_git->map_size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
+	bitmap_git->map_pos = 0;
 	close(fd);
 
-	if (load_bitmap_header(&bitmap_git) < 0) {
-		munmap(bitmap_git.map, bitmap_git.map_size);
-		bitmap_git.map = NULL;
-		bitmap_git.map_size = 0;
+	if (load_bitmap_header(bitmap_git) < 0) {
+		munmap(bitmap_git->map, bitmap_git->map_size);
+		bitmap_git->map = NULL;
+		bitmap_git->map_size = 0;
 		return -1;
 	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int load_pack_bitmap(void)
+static int load_pack_bitmap(struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git)
 {
-	assert(bitmap_git.map && !bitmap_git.loaded);
+	assert(bitmap_git->map && !bitmap_git->loaded);
 
-	bitmap_git.bitmaps = kh_init_sha1();
-	bitmap_git.ext_index.positions = kh_init_sha1_pos();
-	bitmap_git.reverse_index = revindex_for_pack(bitmap_git.pack);
+	bitmap_git->bitmaps = kh_init_sha1();
+	bitmap_git->ext_index.positions = kh_init_sha1_pos();
+	load_pack_revindex(bitmap_git->pack);
 
-	if (!(bitmap_git.commits = read_bitmap_1(&bitmap_git)) ||
-		!(bitmap_git.trees = read_bitmap_1(&bitmap_git)) ||
-		!(bitmap_git.blobs = read_bitmap_1(&bitmap_git)) ||
-		!(bitmap_git.tags = read_bitmap_1(&bitmap_git)))
+	if (!(bitmap_git->commits = read_bitmap_1(bitmap_git)) ||
+		!(bitmap_git->trees = read_bitmap_1(bitmap_git)) ||
+		!(bitmap_git->blobs = read_bitmap_1(bitmap_git)) ||
+		!(bitmap_git->tags = read_bitmap_1(bitmap_git)))
 		goto failed;
 
-	if (load_bitmap_entries_v1(&bitmap_git) < 0)
+	if (load_bitmap_entries_v1(bitmap_git) < 0)
 		goto failed;
 
-	bitmap_git.loaded = 1;
+	bitmap_git->loaded = 1;
 	return 0;
 
 failed:
-	munmap(bitmap_git.map, bitmap_git.map_size);
-	bitmap_git.map = NULL;
-	bitmap_git.map_size = 0;
+	munmap(bitmap_git->map, bitmap_git->map_size);
+	bitmap_git->map = NULL;
+	bitmap_git->map_size = 0;
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static int open_pack_bitmap(void)
+static int open_pack_bitmap(struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git)
 {
 	struct packed_git *p;
 	int ret = -1;
 
-	assert(!bitmap_git.map && !bitmap_git.loaded);
+	assert(!bitmap_git->map && !bitmap_git->loaded);
 
-	prepare_packed_git();
-	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-		if (open_pack_bitmap_1(p) == 0)
+	for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p; p = p->next) {
+		if (open_pack_bitmap_1(bitmap_git, p) == 0)
 			ret = 0;
 	}
 
 	return ret;
 }
 
-int prepare_bitmap_git(void)
+struct bitmap_index *prepare_bitmap_git(void)
 {
-	if (bitmap_git.loaded)
-		return 0;
+	struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*bitmap_git));
 
-	if (!open_pack_bitmap())
-		return load_pack_bitmap();
+	if (!open_pack_bitmap(bitmap_git) && !load_pack_bitmap(bitmap_git))
+		return bitmap_git;
 
-	return -1;
+	free_bitmap_index(bitmap_git);
+	return NULL;
 }
 
 struct include_data {
+	struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git;
 	struct bitmap *base;
 	struct bitmap *seen;
 };
 
-static inline int bitmap_position_extended(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static inline int bitmap_position_extended(struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git,
+					   const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	khash_sha1_pos *positions = bitmap_git.ext_index.positions;
+	khash_sha1_pos *positions = bitmap_git->ext_index.positions;
 	khiter_t pos = kh_get_sha1_pos(positions, sha1);
 
 	if (pos < kh_end(positions)) {
 		int bitmap_pos = kh_value(positions, pos);
-		return bitmap_pos + bitmap_git.pack->num_objects;
+		return bitmap_pos + bitmap_git->pack->num_objects;
 	}
 
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static inline int bitmap_position_packfile(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static inline int bitmap_position_packfile(struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git,
+					   const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	off_t offset = find_pack_entry_one(sha1, bitmap_git.pack);
+	off_t offset = find_pack_entry_one(sha1, bitmap_git->pack);
 	if (!offset)
 		return -1;
 
-	return find_revindex_position(bitmap_git.reverse_index, offset);
+	return find_revindex_position(bitmap_git->pack, offset);
 }
 
-static int bitmap_position(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static int bitmap_position(struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git,
+			   const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	int pos = bitmap_position_packfile(sha1);
-	return (pos >= 0) ? pos : bitmap_position_extended(sha1);
+	int pos = bitmap_position_packfile(bitmap_git, sha1);
+	return (pos >= 0) ? pos : bitmap_position_extended(bitmap_git, sha1);
 }
 
-static int ext_index_add_object(struct object *object, const char *name)
+static int ext_index_add_object(struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git,
+				struct object *object, const char *name)
 {
-	struct eindex *eindex = &bitmap_git.ext_index;
+	struct eindex *eindex = &bitmap_git->ext_index;
 
 	khiter_t hash_pos;
 	int hash_ret;
 	int bitmap_pos;
 
-	hash_pos = kh_put_sha1_pos(eindex->positions, object->sha1, &hash_ret);
+	hash_pos = kh_put_sha1_pos(eindex->positions, object->oid.hash, &hash_ret);
 	if (hash_ret > 0) {
 		if (eindex->count >= eindex->alloc) {
 			eindex->alloc = (eindex->alloc + 16) * 3 / 2;
@@ -421,31 +417,34 @@ static int ext_index_add_object(struct object *object, const char *name)
 		bitmap_pos = kh_value(eindex->positions, hash_pos);
 	}
 
-	return bitmap_pos + bitmap_git.pack->num_objects;
+	return bitmap_pos + bitmap_git->pack->num_objects;
 }
 
-static void show_object(struct object *object, const struct name_path *path,
-			const char *last, void *data)
+struct bitmap_show_data {
+	struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git;
+	struct bitmap *base;
+};
+
+static void show_object(struct object *object, const char *name, void *data_)
 {
-	struct bitmap *base = data;
+	struct bitmap_show_data *data = data_;
 	int bitmap_pos;
 
-	bitmap_pos = bitmap_position(object->sha1);
+	bitmap_pos = bitmap_position(data->bitmap_git, object->oid.hash);
 
-	if (bitmap_pos < 0) {
-		char *name = path_name(path, last);
-		bitmap_pos = ext_index_add_object(object, name);
-		free(name);
-	}
+	if (bitmap_pos < 0)
+		bitmap_pos = ext_index_add_object(data->bitmap_git, object,
+						  name);
 
-	bitmap_set(base, bitmap_pos);
+	bitmap_set(data->base, bitmap_pos);
 }
 
 static void show_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 {
 }
 
-static int add_to_include_set(struct include_data *data,
+static int add_to_include_set(struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git,
+			      struct include_data *data,
 			      const unsigned char *sha1,
 			      int bitmap_pos)
 {
@@ -457,9 +456,9 @@ static int add_to_include_set(struct include_data *data,
 	if (bitmap_get(data->base, bitmap_pos))
 		return 0;
 
-	hash_pos = kh_get_sha1(bitmap_git.bitmaps, sha1);
-	if (hash_pos < kh_end(bitmap_git.bitmaps)) {
-		struct stored_bitmap *st = kh_value(bitmap_git.bitmaps, hash_pos);
+	hash_pos = kh_get_sha1(bitmap_git->bitmaps, sha1);
+	if (hash_pos < kh_end(bitmap_git->bitmaps)) {
+		struct stored_bitmap *st = kh_value(bitmap_git->bitmaps, hash_pos);
 		bitmap_or_ewah(data->base, lookup_stored_bitmap(st));
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -473,11 +472,14 @@ static int should_include(struct commit *commit, void *_data)
 	struct include_data *data = _data;
 	int bitmap_pos;
 
-	bitmap_pos = bitmap_position(commit->object.sha1);
+	bitmap_pos = bitmap_position(data->bitmap_git, commit->object.oid.hash);
 	if (bitmap_pos < 0)
-		bitmap_pos = ext_index_add_object((struct object *)commit, NULL);
+		bitmap_pos = ext_index_add_object(data->bitmap_git,
+						  (struct object *)commit,
+						  NULL);
 
-	if (!add_to_include_set(data, commit->object.sha1, bitmap_pos)) {
+	if (!add_to_include_set(data->bitmap_git, data, commit->object.oid.hash,
+				bitmap_pos)) {
 		struct commit_list *parent = commit->parents;
 
 		while (parent) {
@@ -491,7 +493,8 @@ static int should_include(struct commit *commit, void *_data)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static struct bitmap *find_objects(struct rev_info *revs,
+static struct bitmap *find_objects(struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git,
+				   struct rev_info *revs,
 				   struct object_list *roots,
 				   struct bitmap *seen)
 {
@@ -513,10 +516,10 @@ static struct bitmap *find_objects(struct rev_info *revs,
 		roots = roots->next;
 
 		if (object->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
-			khiter_t pos = kh_get_sha1(bitmap_git.bitmaps, object->sha1);
+			khiter_t pos = kh_get_sha1(bitmap_git->bitmaps, object->oid.hash);
 
-			if (pos < kh_end(bitmap_git.bitmaps)) {
-				struct stored_bitmap *st = kh_value(bitmap_git.bitmaps, pos);
+			if (pos < kh_end(bitmap_git->bitmaps)) {
+				struct stored_bitmap *st = kh_value(bitmap_git->bitmaps, pos);
 				struct ewah_bitmap *or_with = lookup_stored_bitmap(st);
 
 				if (base == NULL)
@@ -555,7 +558,7 @@ static struct bitmap *find_objects(struct rev_info *revs,
 		int pos;
 
 		roots = roots->next;
-		pos = bitmap_position(object->sha1);
+		pos = bitmap_position(bitmap_git, object->oid.hash);
 
 		if (pos < 0 || base == NULL || !bitmap_get(base, pos)) {
 			object->flags &= ~UNINTERESTING;
@@ -568,10 +571,12 @@ static struct bitmap *find_objects(struct rev_info *revs,
 
 	if (needs_walk) {
 		struct include_data incdata;
+		struct bitmap_show_data show_data;
 
 		if (base == NULL)
 			base = bitmap_new();
 
+		incdata.bitmap_git = bitmap_git;
 		incdata.base = base;
 		incdata.seen = seen;
 
@@ -581,31 +586,36 @@ static struct bitmap *find_objects(struct rev_info *revs,
 		if (prepare_revision_walk(revs))
 			die("revision walk setup failed");
 
-		traverse_commit_list(revs, show_commit, show_object, base);
+		show_data.bitmap_git = bitmap_git;
+		show_data.base = base;
+
+		traverse_commit_list(revs, show_commit, show_object,
+				     &show_data);
 	}
 
 	return base;
 }
 
-static void show_extended_objects(struct bitmap *objects,
+static void show_extended_objects(struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git,
 				  show_reachable_fn show_reach)
 {
-	struct eindex *eindex = &bitmap_git.ext_index;
+	struct bitmap *objects = bitmap_git->result;
+	struct eindex *eindex = &bitmap_git->ext_index;
 	uint32_t i;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < eindex->count; ++i) {
 		struct object *obj;
 
-		if (!bitmap_get(objects, bitmap_git.pack->num_objects + i))
+		if (!bitmap_get(objects, bitmap_git->pack->num_objects + i))
 			continue;
 
 		obj = eindex->objects[i];
-		show_reach(obj->sha1, obj->type, 0, eindex->hashes[i], NULL, 0);
+		show_reach(&obj->oid, obj->type, 0, eindex->hashes[i], NULL, 0);
 	}
 }
 
 static void show_objects_for_type(
-	struct bitmap *objects,
+	struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git,
 	struct ewah_bitmap *type_filter,
 	enum object_type object_type,
 	show_reachable_fn show_reach)
@@ -616,7 +626,9 @@ static void show_objects_for_type(
 	struct ewah_iterator it;
 	eword_t filter;
 
-	if (bitmap_git.reuse_objects == bitmap_git.pack->num_objects)
+	struct bitmap *objects = bitmap_git->result;
+
+	if (bitmap_git->reuse_objects == bitmap_git->pack->num_objects)
 		return;
 
 	ewah_iterator_init(&it, type_filter);
@@ -624,8 +636,8 @@ static void show_objects_for_type(
 	while (i < objects->word_alloc && ewah_iterator_next(&filter, &it)) {
 		eword_t word = objects->words[i] & filter;
 
-		for (offset = 0; offset < BITS_IN_WORD; ++offset) {
-			const unsigned char *sha1;
+		for (offset = 0; offset < BITS_IN_EWORD; ++offset) {
+			struct object_id oid;
 			struct revindex_entry *entry;
 			uint32_t hash = 0;
 
@@ -634,41 +646,40 @@ static void show_objects_for_type(
 
 			offset += ewah_bit_ctz64(word >> offset);
 
-			if (pos + offset < bitmap_git.reuse_objects)
+			if (pos + offset < bitmap_git->reuse_objects)
 				continue;
 
-			entry = &bitmap_git.reverse_index->revindex[pos + offset];
-			sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(bitmap_git.pack, entry->nr);
+			entry = &bitmap_git->pack->revindex[pos + offset];
+			nth_packed_object_oid(&oid, bitmap_git->pack, entry->nr);
 
-			if (bitmap_git.hashes)
-				hash = ntohl(bitmap_git.hashes[entry->nr]);
+			if (bitmap_git->hashes)
+				hash = get_be32(bitmap_git->hashes + entry->nr);
 
-			show_reach(sha1, object_type, 0, hash, bitmap_git.pack, entry->offset);
+			show_reach(&oid, object_type, 0, hash, bitmap_git->pack, entry->offset);
 		}
 
-		pos += BITS_IN_WORD;
+		pos += BITS_IN_EWORD;
 		i++;
 	}
 }
 
-static int in_bitmapped_pack(struct object_list *roots)
+static int in_bitmapped_pack(struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git,
+			     struct object_list *roots)
 {
 	while (roots) {
 		struct object *object = roots->item;
 		roots = roots->next;
 
-		if (find_pack_entry_one(object->sha1, bitmap_git.pack) > 0)
+		if (find_pack_entry_one(object->oid.hash, bitmap_git->pack) > 0)
 			return 1;
 	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int prepare_bitmap_walk(struct rev_info *revs)
+struct bitmap_index *prepare_bitmap_walk(struct rev_info *revs)
 {
 	unsigned int i;
-	unsigned int pending_nr = revs->pending.nr;
-	struct object_array_entry *pending_e = revs->pending.objects;
 
 	struct object_list *wants = NULL;
 	struct object_list *haves = NULL;
@@ -676,18 +687,17 @@ int prepare_bitmap_walk(struct rev_info *revs)
 	struct bitmap *wants_bitmap = NULL;
 	struct bitmap *haves_bitmap = NULL;
 
-	if (!bitmap_git.loaded) {
-		/* try to open a bitmapped pack, but don't parse it yet
-		 * because we may not need to use it */
-		if (open_pack_bitmap() < 0)
-			return -1;
-	}
+	struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*bitmap_git));
+	/* try to open a bitmapped pack, but don't parse it yet
+	 * because we may not need to use it */
+	if (open_pack_bitmap(bitmap_git) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < pending_nr; ++i) {
-		struct object *object = pending_e[i].item;
+	for (i = 0; i < revs->pending.nr; ++i) {
+		struct object *object = revs->pending.objects[i].item;
 
 		if (object->type == OBJ_NONE)
-			parse_object_or_die(object->sha1, NULL);
+			parse_object_or_die(&object->oid, NULL);
 
 		while (object->type == OBJ_TAG) {
 			struct tag *tag = (struct tag *) object;
@@ -699,7 +709,7 @@ int prepare_bitmap_walk(struct rev_info *revs)
 
 			if (!tag->tagged)
 				die("bad tag");
-			object = parse_object_or_die(tag->tagged->sha1, NULL);
+			object = parse_object_or_die(&tag->tagged->oid, NULL);
 		}
 
 		if (object->flags & UNINTERESTING)
@@ -713,50 +723,53 @@ int prepare_bitmap_walk(struct rev_info *revs)
 	 * in the packfile that has a bitmap, we don't have anything to
 	 * optimize here
 	 */
-	if (haves && !in_bitmapped_pack(haves))
-		return -1;
+	if (haves && !in_bitmapped_pack(bitmap_git, haves))
+		goto cleanup;
 
 	/* if we don't want anything, we're done here */
 	if (!wants)
-		return -1;
+		goto cleanup;
 
 	/*
 	 * now we're going to use bitmaps, so load the actual bitmap entries
 	 * from disk. this is the point of no return; after this the rev_list
 	 * becomes invalidated and we must perform the revwalk through bitmaps
 	 */
-	if (!bitmap_git.loaded && load_pack_bitmap() < 0)
-		return -1;
+	if (!bitmap_git->loaded && load_pack_bitmap(bitmap_git) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
 
-	revs->pending.nr = 0;
-	revs->pending.alloc = 0;
-	revs->pending.objects = NULL;
+	object_array_clear(&revs->pending);
 
 	if (haves) {
 		revs->ignore_missing_links = 1;
-		haves_bitmap = find_objects(revs, haves, NULL);
+		haves_bitmap = find_objects(bitmap_git, revs, haves, NULL);
 		reset_revision_walk();
 		revs->ignore_missing_links = 0;
 
 		if (haves_bitmap == NULL)
-			die("BUG: failed to perform bitmap walk");
+			BUG("failed to perform bitmap walk");
 	}
 
-	wants_bitmap = find_objects(revs, wants, haves_bitmap);
+	wants_bitmap = find_objects(bitmap_git, revs, wants, haves_bitmap);
 
 	if (!wants_bitmap)
-		die("BUG: failed to perform bitmap walk");
+		BUG("failed to perform bitmap walk");
 
 	if (haves_bitmap)
 		bitmap_and_not(wants_bitmap, haves_bitmap);
 
-	bitmap_git.result = wants_bitmap;
+	bitmap_git->result = wants_bitmap;
 
 	bitmap_free(haves_bitmap);
-	return 0;
+	return bitmap_git;
+
+cleanup:
+	free_bitmap_index(bitmap_git);
+	return NULL;
 }
 
-int reuse_partial_packfile_from_bitmap(struct packed_git **packfile,
+int reuse_partial_packfile_from_bitmap(struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git,
+				       struct packed_git **packfile,
 				       uint32_t *entries,
 				       off_t *up_to)
 {
@@ -766,7 +779,7 @@ int reuse_partial_packfile_from_bitmap(struct packed_git **packfile,
 	 */
 	static const double REUSE_PERCENT = 0.9;
 
-	struct bitmap *result = bitmap_git.result;
+	struct bitmap *result = bitmap_git->result;
 	uint32_t reuse_threshold;
 	uint32_t i, reuse_objects = 0;
 
@@ -778,7 +791,7 @@ int reuse_partial_packfile_from_bitmap(struct packed_git **packfile,
 			break;
 		}
 
-		reuse_objects += BITS_IN_WORD;
+		reuse_objects += BITS_IN_EWORD;
 	}
 
 #ifdef GIT_BITMAP_DEBUG
@@ -786,8 +799,8 @@ int reuse_partial_packfile_from_bitmap(struct packed_git **packfile,
 		const unsigned char *sha1;
 		struct revindex_entry *entry;
 
-		entry = &bitmap_git.reverse_index->revindex[reuse_objects];
-		sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(bitmap_git.pack, entry->nr);
+		entry = &bitmap_git->reverse_index->revindex[reuse_objects];
+		sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(bitmap_git->pack, entry->nr);
 
 		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to reuse at %d (%016llx)\n",
 			reuse_objects, result->words[i]);
@@ -798,48 +811,50 @@ int reuse_partial_packfile_from_bitmap(struct packed_git **packfile,
 	if (!reuse_objects)
 		return -1;
 
-	if (reuse_objects >= bitmap_git.pack->num_objects) {
-		bitmap_git.reuse_objects = *entries = bitmap_git.pack->num_objects;
+	if (reuse_objects >= bitmap_git->pack->num_objects) {
+		bitmap_git->reuse_objects = *entries = bitmap_git->pack->num_objects;
 		*up_to = -1; /* reuse the full pack */
-		*packfile = bitmap_git.pack;
+		*packfile = bitmap_git->pack;
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	reuse_threshold = bitmap_popcount(bitmap_git.result) * REUSE_PERCENT;
+	reuse_threshold = bitmap_popcount(bitmap_git->result) * REUSE_PERCENT;
 
 	if (reuse_objects < reuse_threshold)
 		return -1;
 
-	bitmap_git.reuse_objects = *entries = reuse_objects;
-	*up_to = bitmap_git.reverse_index->revindex[reuse_objects].offset;
-	*packfile = bitmap_git.pack;
+	bitmap_git->reuse_objects = *entries = reuse_objects;
+	*up_to = bitmap_git->pack->revindex[reuse_objects].offset;
+	*packfile = bitmap_git->pack;
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void traverse_bitmap_commit_list(show_reachable_fn show_reachable)
+void traverse_bitmap_commit_list(struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git,
+				 show_reachable_fn show_reachable)
 {
-	assert(bitmap_git.result);
+	assert(bitmap_git->result);
 
-	show_objects_for_type(bitmap_git.result, bitmap_git.commits,
+	show_objects_for_type(bitmap_git, bitmap_git->commits,
 		OBJ_COMMIT, show_reachable);
-	show_objects_for_type(bitmap_git.result, bitmap_git.trees,
+	show_objects_for_type(bitmap_git, bitmap_git->trees,
 		OBJ_TREE, show_reachable);
-	show_objects_for_type(bitmap_git.result, bitmap_git.blobs,
+	show_objects_for_type(bitmap_git, bitmap_git->blobs,
 		OBJ_BLOB, show_reachable);
-	show_objects_for_type(bitmap_git.result, bitmap_git.tags,
+	show_objects_for_type(bitmap_git, bitmap_git->tags,
 		OBJ_TAG, show_reachable);
 
-	show_extended_objects(bitmap_git.result, show_reachable);
+	show_extended_objects(bitmap_git, show_reachable);
 
-	bitmap_free(bitmap_git.result);
-	bitmap_git.result = NULL;
+	bitmap_free(bitmap_git->result);
+	bitmap_git->result = NULL;
 }
 
-static uint32_t count_object_type(struct bitmap *objects,
+static uint32_t count_object_type(struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git,
 				  enum object_type type)
 {
-	struct eindex *eindex = &bitmap_git.ext_index;
+	struct bitmap *objects = bitmap_git->result;
+	struct eindex *eindex = &bitmap_git->ext_index;
 
 	uint32_t i = 0, count = 0;
 	struct ewah_iterator it;
@@ -847,19 +862,19 @@ static uint32_t count_object_type(struct bitmap *objects,
 
 	switch (type) {
 	case OBJ_COMMIT:
-		ewah_iterator_init(&it, bitmap_git.commits);
+		ewah_iterator_init(&it, bitmap_git->commits);
 		break;
 
 	case OBJ_TREE:
-		ewah_iterator_init(&it, bitmap_git.trees);
+		ewah_iterator_init(&it, bitmap_git->trees);
 		break;
 
 	case OBJ_BLOB:
-		ewah_iterator_init(&it, bitmap_git.blobs);
+		ewah_iterator_init(&it, bitmap_git->blobs);
 		break;
 
 	case OBJ_TAG:
-		ewah_iterator_init(&it, bitmap_git.tags);
+		ewah_iterator_init(&it, bitmap_git->tags);
 		break;
 
 	default:
@@ -873,47 +888,48 @@ static uint32_t count_object_type(struct bitmap *objects,
 
 	for (i = 0; i < eindex->count; ++i) {
 		if (eindex->objects[i]->type == type &&
-			bitmap_get(objects, bitmap_git.pack->num_objects + i))
+			bitmap_get(objects, bitmap_git->pack->num_objects + i))
 			count++;
 	}
 
 	return count;
 }
 
-void count_bitmap_commit_list(uint32_t *commits, uint32_t *trees,
+void count_bitmap_commit_list(struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git,
+			      uint32_t *commits, uint32_t *trees,
 			      uint32_t *blobs, uint32_t *tags)
 {
-	assert(bitmap_git.result);
+	assert(bitmap_git->result);
 
 	if (commits)
-		*commits = count_object_type(bitmap_git.result, OBJ_COMMIT);
+		*commits = count_object_type(bitmap_git, OBJ_COMMIT);
 
 	if (trees)
-		*trees = count_object_type(bitmap_git.result, OBJ_TREE);
+		*trees = count_object_type(bitmap_git, OBJ_TREE);
 
 	if (blobs)
-		*blobs = count_object_type(bitmap_git.result, OBJ_BLOB);
+		*blobs = count_object_type(bitmap_git, OBJ_BLOB);
 
 	if (tags)
-		*tags = count_object_type(bitmap_git.result, OBJ_TAG);
+		*tags = count_object_type(bitmap_git, OBJ_TAG);
 }
 
 struct bitmap_test_data {
+	struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git;
 	struct bitmap *base;
 	struct progress *prg;
 	size_t seen;
 };
 
-static void test_show_object(struct object *object,
-			     const struct name_path *path,
-			     const char *last, void *data)
+static void test_show_object(struct object *object, const char *name,
+			     void *data)
 {
 	struct bitmap_test_data *tdata = data;
 	int bitmap_pos;
 
-	bitmap_pos = bitmap_position(object->sha1);
+	bitmap_pos = bitmap_position(tdata->bitmap_git, object->oid.hash);
 	if (bitmap_pos < 0)
-		die("Object not in bitmap: %s\n", sha1_to_hex(object->sha1));
+		die("Object not in bitmap: %s\n", oid_to_hex(&object->oid));
 
 	bitmap_set(tdata->base, bitmap_pos);
 	display_progress(tdata->prg, ++tdata->seen);
@@ -924,9 +940,10 @@ static void test_show_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 	struct bitmap_test_data *tdata = data;
 	int bitmap_pos;
 
-	bitmap_pos = bitmap_position(commit->object.sha1);
+	bitmap_pos = bitmap_position(tdata->bitmap_git,
+				     commit->object.oid.hash);
 	if (bitmap_pos < 0)
-		die("Object not in bitmap: %s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		die("Object not in bitmap: %s\n", oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 
 	bitmap_set(tdata->base, bitmap_pos);
 	display_progress(tdata->prg, ++tdata->seen);
@@ -939,31 +956,32 @@ void test_bitmap_walk(struct rev_info *revs)
 	khiter_t pos;
 	size_t result_popcnt;
 	struct bitmap_test_data tdata;
+	struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git;
 
-	if (prepare_bitmap_git())
+	if (!(bitmap_git = prepare_bitmap_git()))
 		die("failed to load bitmap indexes");
 
 	if (revs->pending.nr != 1)
 		die("you must specify exactly one commit to test");
 
 	fprintf(stderr, "Bitmap v%d test (%d entries loaded)\n",
-		bitmap_git.version, bitmap_git.entry_count);
+		bitmap_git->version, bitmap_git->entry_count);
 
 	root = revs->pending.objects[0].item;
-	pos = kh_get_sha1(bitmap_git.bitmaps, root->sha1);
+	pos = kh_get_sha1(bitmap_git->bitmaps, root->oid.hash);
 
-	if (pos < kh_end(bitmap_git.bitmaps)) {
-		struct stored_bitmap *st = kh_value(bitmap_git.bitmaps, pos);
+	if (pos < kh_end(bitmap_git->bitmaps)) {
+		struct stored_bitmap *st = kh_value(bitmap_git->bitmaps, pos);
 		struct ewah_bitmap *bm = lookup_stored_bitmap(st);
 
 		fprintf(stderr, "Found bitmap for %s. %d bits / %08x checksum\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(root->sha1), (int)bm->bit_size, ewah_checksum(bm));
+			oid_to_hex(&root->oid), (int)bm->bit_size, ewah_checksum(bm));
 
 		result = ewah_to_bitmap(bm);
 	}
 
 	if (result == NULL)
-		die("Commit %s doesn't have an indexed bitmap", sha1_to_hex(root->sha1));
+		die("Commit %s doesn't have an indexed bitmap", oid_to_hex(&root->oid));
 
 	revs->tag_objects = 1;
 	revs->tree_objects = 1;
@@ -974,6 +992,7 @@ void test_bitmap_walk(struct rev_info *revs)
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(revs))
 		die("revision walk setup failed");
 
+	tdata.bitmap_git = bitmap_git;
 	tdata.base = bitmap_new();
 	tdata.prg = start_progress("Verifying bitmap entries", result_popcnt);
 	tdata.seen = 0;
@@ -986,6 +1005,8 @@ void test_bitmap_walk(struct rev_info *revs)
 		fprintf(stderr, "OK!\n");
 	else
 		fprintf(stderr, "Mismatch!\n");
+
+	free_bitmap_index(bitmap_git);
 }
 
 static int rebuild_bitmap(uint32_t *reposition,
@@ -1001,7 +1022,7 @@ static int rebuild_bitmap(uint32_t *reposition,
 	while (ewah_iterator_next(&word, &it)) {
 		uint32_t offset, bit_pos;
 
-		for (offset = 0; offset < BITS_IN_WORD; ++offset) {
+		for (offset = 0; offset < BITS_IN_EWORD; ++offset) {
 			if ((word >> offset) == 0)
 				break;
 
@@ -1014,12 +1035,13 @@ static int rebuild_bitmap(uint32_t *reposition,
 				return -1;
 		}
 
-		pos += BITS_IN_WORD;
+		pos += BITS_IN_EWORD;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int rebuild_existing_bitmaps(struct packing_data *mapping,
+int rebuild_existing_bitmaps(struct bitmap_index *bitmap_git,
+			     struct packing_data *mapping,
 			     khash_sha1 *reused_bitmaps,
 			     int show_progress)
 {
@@ -1032,10 +1054,7 @@ int rebuild_existing_bitmaps(struct packing_data *mapping,
 	khiter_t hash_pos;
 	int hash_ret;
 
-	if (prepare_bitmap_git() < 0)
-		return -1;
-
-	num_objects = bitmap_git.pack->num_objects;
+	num_objects = bitmap_git->pack->num_objects;
 	reposition = xcalloc(num_objects, sizeof(uint32_t));
 
 	for (i = 0; i < num_objects; ++i) {
@@ -1043,12 +1062,12 @@ int rebuild_existing_bitmaps(struct packing_data *mapping,
 		struct revindex_entry *entry;
 		struct object_entry *oe;
 
-		entry = &bitmap_git.reverse_index->revindex[i];
-		sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(bitmap_git.pack, entry->nr);
+		entry = &bitmap_git->pack->revindex[i];
+		sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(bitmap_git->pack, entry->nr);
 		oe = packlist_find(mapping, sha1, NULL);
 
 		if (oe)
-			reposition[i] = oe->in_pack_pos + 1;
+			reposition[i] = oe_in_pack_pos(mapping, oe) + 1;
 	}
 
 	rebuild = bitmap_new();
@@ -1057,7 +1076,7 @@ int rebuild_existing_bitmaps(struct packing_data *mapping,
 	if (show_progress)
 		progress = start_progress("Reusing bitmaps", 0);
 
-	kh_foreach_value(bitmap_git.bitmaps, stored, {
+	kh_foreach_value(bitmap_git->bitmaps, stored, {
 		if (stored->flags & BITMAP_FLAG_REUSE) {
 			if (!rebuild_bitmap(reposition,
 					    lookup_stored_bitmap(stored),
@@ -1079,3 +1098,21 @@ int rebuild_existing_bitmaps(struct packing_data *mapping,
 	bitmap_free(rebuild);
 	return 0;
 }
+
+void free_bitmap_index(struct bitmap_index *b)
+{
+	if (!b)
+		return;
+
+	if (b->map)
+		munmap(b->map, b->map_size);
+	ewah_pool_free(b->commits);
+	ewah_pool_free(b->trees);
+	ewah_pool_free(b->blobs);
+	ewah_pool_free(b->tags);
+	kh_destroy_sha1(b->bitmaps);
+	free(b->ext_index.objects);
+	free(b->ext_index.hashes);
+	bitmap_free(b->result);
+	free(b);
+}
diff --git a/pack-bitmap.h b/pack-bitmap.h
index 0adcef77b5..8a04741e12 100644
--- a/pack-bitmap.h
+++ b/pack-bitmap.h
@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@
 #include "khash.h"
 #include "pack-objects.h"
 
+struct commit;
+struct rev_info;
+
 struct bitmap_disk_header {
 	char magic[4];
 	uint16_t version;
@@ -27,24 +30,34 @@ enum pack_bitmap_flags {
 };
 
 typedef int (*show_reachable_fn)(
-	const unsigned char *sha1,
+	const struct object_id *oid,
 	enum object_type type,
 	int flags,
 	uint32_t hash,
 	struct packed_git *found_pack,
 	off_t found_offset);
 
-int prepare_bitmap_git(void);
-void count_bitmap_commit_list(uint32_t *commits, uint32_t *trees, uint32_t *blobs, uint32_t *tags);
-void traverse_bitmap_commit_list(show_reachable_fn show_reachable);
+struct bitmap_index;
+
+struct bitmap_index *prepare_bitmap_git(void);
+void count_bitmap_commit_list(struct bitmap_index *, uint32_t *commits,
+			      uint32_t *trees, uint32_t *blobs, uint32_t *tags);
+void traverse_bitmap_commit_list(struct bitmap_index *,
+				 show_reachable_fn show_reachable);
 void test_bitmap_walk(struct rev_info *revs);
-int prepare_bitmap_walk(struct rev_info *revs);
-int reuse_partial_packfile_from_bitmap(struct packed_git **packfile, uint32_t *entries, off_t *up_to);
-int rebuild_existing_bitmaps(struct packing_data *mapping, khash_sha1 *reused_bitmaps, int show_progress);
+struct bitmap_index *prepare_bitmap_walk(struct rev_info *revs);
+int reuse_partial_packfile_from_bitmap(struct bitmap_index *,
+				       struct packed_git **packfile,
+				       uint32_t *entries, off_t *up_to);
+int rebuild_existing_bitmaps(struct bitmap_index *, struct packing_data *mapping,
+			     khash_sha1 *reused_bitmaps, int show_progress);
+void free_bitmap_index(struct bitmap_index *);
 
 void bitmap_writer_show_progress(int show);
 void bitmap_writer_set_checksum(unsigned char *sha1);
-void bitmap_writer_build_type_index(struct pack_idx_entry **index, uint32_t index_nr);
+void bitmap_writer_build_type_index(struct packing_data *to_pack,
+				    struct pack_idx_entry **index,
+				    uint32_t index_nr);
 void bitmap_writer_reuse_bitmaps(struct packing_data *to_pack);
 void bitmap_writer_select_commits(struct commit **indexed_commits,
 		unsigned int indexed_commits_nr, int max_bitmaps);
diff --git a/pack-check.c b/pack-check.c
index 63a595c45c..d3a57df34f 100644
--- a/pack-check.c
+++ b/pack-check.c
@@ -1,11 +1,17 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "pack-revindex.h"
 #include "progress.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 struct idx_entry {
 	off_t                offset;
-	const unsigned char *sha1;
+	union idx_entry_object {
+		const unsigned char *hash;
+		struct object_id *oid;
+	} oid;
 	unsigned int nr;
 };
 
@@ -37,7 +43,7 @@ int check_pack_crc(struct packed_git *p, struct pack_window **w_curs,
 	} while (len);
 
 	index_crc = p->index_data;
-	index_crc += 2 + 256 + p->num_objects * (20/4) + nr;
+	index_crc += 2 + 256 + p->num_objects * (the_hash_algo->rawsz/4) + nr;
 
 	return data_crc != ntohl(*index_crc);
 }
@@ -50,37 +56,34 @@ static int verify_packfile(struct packed_git *p,
 {
 	off_t index_size = p->index_size;
 	const unsigned char *index_base = p->index_data;
-	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
-	unsigned char sha1[20], *pack_sig;
+	git_hash_ctx ctx;
+	unsigned char hash[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ], *pack_sig;
 	off_t offset = 0, pack_sig_ofs = 0;
 	uint32_t nr_objects, i;
 	int err = 0;
 	struct idx_entry *entries;
 
-	/* Note that the pack header checks are actually performed by
-	 * use_pack when it first opens the pack file.  If anything
-	 * goes wrong during those checks then the call will die out
-	 * immediately.
-	 */
+	if (!is_pack_valid(p))
+		return error("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
 
-	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
+	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&ctx);
 	do {
 		unsigned long remaining;
 		unsigned char *in = use_pack(p, w_curs, offset, &remaining);
 		offset += remaining;
 		if (!pack_sig_ofs)
-			pack_sig_ofs = p->pack_size - 20;
+			pack_sig_ofs = p->pack_size - the_hash_algo->rawsz;
 		if (offset > pack_sig_ofs)
 			remaining -= (unsigned int)(offset - pack_sig_ofs);
-		git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, in, remaining);
+		the_hash_algo->update_fn(&ctx, in, remaining);
 	} while (offset < pack_sig_ofs);
-	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
+	the_hash_algo->final_fn(hash, &ctx);
 	pack_sig = use_pack(p, w_curs, pack_sig_ofs, NULL);
-	if (hashcmp(sha1, pack_sig))
-		err = error("%s SHA1 checksum mismatch",
+	if (hashcmp(hash, pack_sig))
+		err = error("%s pack checksum mismatch",
 			    p->pack_name);
-	if (hashcmp(index_base + index_size - 40, pack_sig))
-		err = error("%s SHA1 does not match its index",
+	if (hashcmp(index_base + index_size - the_hash_algo->hexsz, pack_sig))
+		err = error("%s pack checksum does not match its index",
 			    p->pack_name);
 	unuse_pack(w_curs);
 
@@ -89,22 +92,24 @@ static int verify_packfile(struct packed_git *p,
 	 * we do not do scan-streaming check on the pack file.
 	 */
 	nr_objects = p->num_objects;
-	entries = xmalloc((nr_objects + 1) * sizeof(*entries));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(entries, nr_objects + 1);
 	entries[nr_objects].offset = pack_sig_ofs;
 	/* first sort entries by pack offset, since unpacking them is more efficient that way */
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
-		entries[i].sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, i);
-		if (!entries[i].sha1)
+		entries[i].oid.hash = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, i);
+		if (!entries[i].oid.hash)
 			die("internal error pack-check nth-packed-object");
 		entries[i].offset = nth_packed_object_offset(p, i);
 		entries[i].nr = i;
 	}
-	qsort(entries, nr_objects, sizeof(*entries), compare_entries);
+	QSORT(entries, nr_objects, compare_entries);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 		void *data;
 		enum object_type type;
 		unsigned long size;
+		off_t curpos;
+		int data_valid;
 
 		if (p->index_version > 1) {
 			off_t offset = entries[i].offset;
@@ -113,20 +118,37 @@ static int verify_packfile(struct packed_git *p,
 			if (check_pack_crc(p, w_curs, offset, len, nr))
 				err = error("index CRC mismatch for object %s "
 					    "from %s at offset %"PRIuMAX"",
-					    sha1_to_hex(entries[i].sha1),
+					    oid_to_hex(entries[i].oid.oid),
 					    p->pack_name, (uintmax_t)offset);
 		}
-		data = unpack_entry(p, entries[i].offset, &type, &size);
-		if (!data)
+
+		curpos = entries[i].offset;
+		type = unpack_object_header(p, w_curs, &curpos, &size);
+		unuse_pack(w_curs);
+
+		if (type == OBJ_BLOB && big_file_threshold <= size) {
+			/*
+			 * Let check_object_signature() check it with
+			 * the streaming interface; no point slurping
+			 * the data in-core only to discard.
+			 */
+			data = NULL;
+			data_valid = 0;
+		} else {
+			data = unpack_entry(the_repository, p, entries[i].offset, &type, &size);
+			data_valid = 1;
+		}
+
+		if (data_valid && !data)
 			err = error("cannot unpack %s from %s at offset %"PRIuMAX"",
-				    sha1_to_hex(entries[i].sha1), p->pack_name,
+				    oid_to_hex(entries[i].oid.oid), p->pack_name,
 				    (uintmax_t)entries[i].offset);
-		else if (check_sha1_signature(entries[i].sha1, data, size, typename(type)))
+		else if (check_object_signature(entries[i].oid.oid, data, size, type_name(type)))
 			err = error("packed %s from %s is corrupt",
-				    sha1_to_hex(entries[i].sha1), p->pack_name);
+				    oid_to_hex(entries[i].oid.oid), p->pack_name);
 		else if (fn) {
 			int eaten = 0;
-			fn(entries[i].sha1, type, size, data, &eaten);
+			err |= fn(entries[i].oid.oid, type, size, data, &eaten);
 			if (eaten)
 				data = NULL;
 		}
@@ -145,8 +167,8 @@ int verify_pack_index(struct packed_git *p)
 {
 	off_t index_size;
 	const unsigned char *index_base;
-	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	git_hash_ctx ctx;
+	unsigned char hash[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
 	int err = 0;
 
 	if (open_pack_index(p))
@@ -155,11 +177,11 @@ int verify_pack_index(struct packed_git *p)
 	index_base = p->index_data;
 
 	/* Verify SHA1 sum of the index file */
-	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
-	git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, index_base, (unsigned int)(index_size - 20));
-	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
-	if (hashcmp(sha1, index_base + index_size - 20))
-		err = error("Packfile index for %s SHA1 mismatch",
+	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&ctx);
+	the_hash_algo->update_fn(&ctx, index_base, (unsigned int)(index_size - the_hash_algo->rawsz));
+	the_hash_algo->final_fn(hash, &ctx);
+	if (hashcmp(hash, index_base + index_size - the_hash_algo->rawsz))
+		err = error("Packfile index for %s hash mismatch",
 			    p->pack_name);
 	return err;
 }
diff --git a/pack-objects.c b/pack-objects.c
index 6398a8aa96..6ef87e5683 100644
--- a/pack-objects.c
+++ b/pack-objects.c
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 #include "object.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "pack-objects.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "config.h"
 
 static uint32_t locate_object_entry_hash(struct packing_data *pdata,
 					 const unsigned char *sha1,
@@ -14,7 +16,7 @@ static uint32_t locate_object_entry_hash(struct packing_data *pdata,
 	while (pdata->index[i] > 0) {
 		uint32_t pos = pdata->index[i] - 1;
 
-		if (!hashcmp(sha1, pdata->objects[pos].idx.sha1)) {
+		if (!hashcmp(sha1, pdata->objects[pos].idx.oid.hash)) {
 			*found = 1;
 			return i;
 		}
@@ -53,10 +55,12 @@ static void rehash_objects(struct packing_data *pdata)
 
 	for (i = 0; i < pdata->nr_objects; i++) {
 		int found;
-		uint32_t ix = locate_object_entry_hash(pdata, entry->idx.sha1, &found);
+		uint32_t ix = locate_object_entry_hash(pdata,
+						       entry->idx.oid.hash,
+						       &found);
 
 		if (found)
-			die("BUG: Duplicate object in hash");
+			BUG("Duplicate object in hash");
 
 		pdata->index[ix] = i + 1;
 		entry++;
@@ -84,6 +88,68 @@ struct object_entry *packlist_find(struct packing_data *pdata,
 	return &pdata->objects[pdata->index[i] - 1];
 }
 
+static void prepare_in_pack_by_idx(struct packing_data *pdata)
+{
+	struct packed_git **mapping, *p;
+	int cnt = 0, nr = 1U << OE_IN_PACK_BITS;
+
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(mapping, nr);
+	/*
+	 * oe_in_pack() on an all-zero'd object_entry
+	 * (i.e. in_pack_idx also zero) should return NULL.
+	 */
+	mapping[cnt++] = NULL;
+	for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p; p = p->next, cnt++) {
+		if (cnt == nr) {
+			free(mapping);
+			return;
+		}
+		p->index = cnt;
+		mapping[cnt] = p;
+	}
+	pdata->in_pack_by_idx = mapping;
+}
+
+/*
+ * A new pack appears after prepare_in_pack_by_idx() has been
+ * run. This is likely a race.
+ *
+ * We could map this new pack to in_pack_by_idx[] array, but then we
+ * have to deal with full array anyway. And since it's hard to test
+ * this fall back code, just stay simple and fall back to using
+ * in_pack[] array.
+ */
+void oe_map_new_pack(struct packing_data *pack,
+		     struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	uint32_t i;
+
+	REALLOC_ARRAY(pack->in_pack, pack->nr_alloc);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < pack->nr_objects; i++)
+		pack->in_pack[i] = oe_in_pack(pack, pack->objects + i);
+
+	FREE_AND_NULL(pack->in_pack_by_idx);
+}
+
+/* assume pdata is already zero'd by caller */
+void prepare_packing_data(struct packing_data *pdata)
+{
+	if (git_env_bool("GIT_TEST_FULL_IN_PACK_ARRAY", 0)) {
+		/*
+		 * do not initialize in_pack_by_idx[] to force the
+		 * slow path in oe_in_pack()
+		 */
+	} else {
+		prepare_in_pack_by_idx(pdata);
+	}
+
+	pdata->oe_size_limit = git_env_ulong("GIT_TEST_OE_SIZE",
+					     1U << OE_SIZE_BITS);
+	pdata->oe_delta_size_limit = git_env_ulong("GIT_TEST_OE_DELTA_SIZE",
+						   1UL << OE_DELTA_SIZE_BITS);
+}
+
 struct object_entry *packlist_alloc(struct packing_data *pdata,
 				    const unsigned char *sha1,
 				    uint32_t index_pos)
@@ -93,17 +159,25 @@ struct object_entry *packlist_alloc(struct packing_data *pdata,
 	if (pdata->nr_objects >= pdata->nr_alloc) {
 		pdata->nr_alloc = (pdata->nr_alloc  + 1024) * 3 / 2;
 		REALLOC_ARRAY(pdata->objects, pdata->nr_alloc);
+
+		if (!pdata->in_pack_by_idx)
+			REALLOC_ARRAY(pdata->in_pack, pdata->nr_alloc);
+		if (pdata->delta_size)
+			REALLOC_ARRAY(pdata->delta_size, pdata->nr_alloc);
 	}
 
 	new_entry = pdata->objects + pdata->nr_objects++;
 
 	memset(new_entry, 0, sizeof(*new_entry));
-	hashcpy(new_entry->idx.sha1, sha1);
+	hashcpy(new_entry->idx.oid.hash, sha1);
 
 	if (pdata->index_size * 3 <= pdata->nr_objects * 4)
 		rehash_objects(pdata);
 	else
 		pdata->index[index_pos] = pdata->nr_objects;
 
+	if (pdata->in_pack)
+		pdata->in_pack[pdata->nr_objects - 1] = NULL;
+
 	return new_entry;
 }
diff --git a/pack-objects.h b/pack-objects.h
index d1b98b30ff..62806ccc39 100644
--- a/pack-objects.h
+++ b/pack-objects.h
@@ -1,32 +1,127 @@
 #ifndef PACK_OBJECTS_H
 #define PACK_OBJECTS_H
 
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "thread-utils.h"
+#include "pack.h"
+
+#define DEFAULT_DELTA_CACHE_SIZE (256 * 1024 * 1024)
+
+#define OE_DFS_STATE_BITS	2
+#define OE_DEPTH_BITS		12
+#define OE_IN_PACK_BITS		10
+#define OE_Z_DELTA_BITS		20
+/*
+ * Note that oe_set_size() becomes expensive when the given size is
+ * above this limit. Don't lower it too much.
+ */
+#define OE_SIZE_BITS		31
+#define OE_DELTA_SIZE_BITS	23
+
+/*
+ * State flags for depth-first search used for analyzing delta cycles.
+ *
+ * The depth is measured in delta-links to the base (so if A is a delta
+ * against B, then A has a depth of 1, and B a depth of 0).
+ */
+enum dfs_state {
+	DFS_NONE = 0,
+	DFS_ACTIVE,
+	DFS_DONE,
+	DFS_NUM_STATES
+};
+
+/*
+ * The size of struct nearly determines pack-objects's memory
+ * consumption. This struct is packed tight for that reason. When you
+ * add or reorder something in this struct, think a bit about this.
+ *
+ * basic object info
+ * -----------------
+ * idx.oid is filled up before delta searching starts. idx.crc32 is
+ * only valid after the object is written out and will be used for
+ * generating the index. idx.offset will be both gradually set and
+ * used in writing phase (base objects get offset first, then deltas
+ * refer to them)
+ *
+ * "size" is the uncompressed object size. Compressed size of the raw
+ * data for an object in a pack is not stored anywhere but is computed
+ * and made available when reverse .idx is made. Note that when a
+ * delta is reused, "size" is the uncompressed _delta_ size, not the
+ * canonical one after the delta has been applied.
+ *
+ * "hash" contains a path name hash which is used for sorting the
+ * delta list and also during delta searching. Once prepare_pack()
+ * returns it's no longer needed.
+ *
+ * source pack info
+ * ----------------
+ * The (in_pack, in_pack_offset) tuple contains the location of the
+ * object in the source pack. in_pack_header_size allows quickly
+ * skipping the header and going straight to the zlib stream.
+ *
+ * "type" and "in_pack_type" both describe object type. in_pack_type
+ * may contain a delta type, while type is always the canonical type.
+ *
+ * deltas
+ * ------
+ * Delta links (delta, delta_child and delta_sibling) are created to
+ * reflect that delta graph from the source pack then updated or added
+ * during delta searching phase when we find better deltas.
+ *
+ * delta_child and delta_sibling are last needed in
+ * compute_write_order(). "delta" and "delta_size" must remain valid
+ * at object writing phase in case the delta is not cached.
+ *
+ * If a delta is cached in memory and is compressed, delta_data points
+ * to the data and z_delta_size contains the compressed size. If it's
+ * uncompressed [1], z_delta_size must be zero. delta_size is always
+ * the uncompressed size and must be valid even if the delta is not
+ * cached.
+ *
+ * [1] during try_delta phase we don't bother with compressing because
+ * the delta could be quickly replaced with a better one.
+ */
 struct object_entry {
 	struct pack_idx_entry idx;
-	unsigned long size;	/* uncompressed size */
-	struct packed_git *in_pack;	/* already in pack */
-	off_t in_pack_offset;
-	struct object_entry *delta;	/* delta base object */
-	struct object_entry *delta_child; /* deltified objects who bases me */
-	struct object_entry *delta_sibling; /* other deltified objects who
-					     * uses the same base as me
-					     */
 	void *delta_data;	/* cached delta (uncompressed) */
-	unsigned long delta_size;	/* delta data size (uncompressed) */
-	unsigned long z_delta_size;	/* delta data size (compressed) */
-	enum object_type type;
-	enum object_type in_pack_type;	/* could be delta */
+	off_t in_pack_offset;
 	uint32_t hash;			/* name hint hash */
-	unsigned int in_pack_pos;
+	unsigned size_:OE_SIZE_BITS;
+	unsigned size_valid:1;
+	uint32_t delta_idx;	/* delta base object */
+	uint32_t delta_child_idx; /* deltified objects who bases me */
+	uint32_t delta_sibling_idx; /* other deltified objects who
+				     * uses the same base as me
+				     */
+	unsigned delta_size_:OE_DELTA_SIZE_BITS; /* delta data size (uncompressed) */
+	unsigned delta_size_valid:1;
 	unsigned char in_pack_header_size;
+	unsigned in_pack_idx:OE_IN_PACK_BITS;	/* already in pack */
+	unsigned z_delta_size:OE_Z_DELTA_BITS;
+	unsigned type_valid:1;
+	unsigned no_try_delta:1;
+	unsigned type_:TYPE_BITS;
+	unsigned in_pack_type:TYPE_BITS; /* could be delta */
 	unsigned preferred_base:1; /*
 				    * we do not pack this, but is available
 				    * to be used as the base object to delta
 				    * objects against.
 				    */
-	unsigned no_try_delta:1;
 	unsigned tagged:1; /* near the very tip of refs */
 	unsigned filled:1; /* assigned write-order */
+	unsigned dfs_state:OE_DFS_STATE_BITS;
+	unsigned depth:OE_DEPTH_BITS;
+
+	/*
+	 * pahole results on 64-bit linux (gcc and clang)
+	 *
+	 *   size: 80, bit_padding: 9 bits
+	 *
+	 * and on 32-bit (gcc)
+	 *
+	 *   size: 76, bit_padding: 9 bits
+	 */
 };
 
 struct packing_data {
@@ -35,8 +130,42 @@ struct packing_data {
 
 	int32_t *index;
 	uint32_t index_size;
+
+	unsigned int *in_pack_pos;
+	unsigned long *delta_size;
+
+	/*
+	 * Only one of these can be non-NULL and they have different
+	 * sizes. if in_pack_by_idx is allocated, oe_in_pack() returns
+	 * the pack of an object using in_pack_idx field. If not,
+	 * in_pack[] array is used the same way as in_pack_pos[]
+	 */
+	struct packed_git **in_pack_by_idx;
+	struct packed_git **in_pack;
+
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	pthread_mutex_t lock;
+#endif
+
+	uintmax_t oe_size_limit;
+	uintmax_t oe_delta_size_limit;
 };
 
+void prepare_packing_data(struct packing_data *pdata);
+
+static inline void packing_data_lock(struct packing_data *pdata)
+{
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	pthread_mutex_lock(&pdata->lock);
+#endif
+}
+static inline void packing_data_unlock(struct packing_data *pdata)
+{
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	pthread_mutex_unlock(&pdata->lock);
+#endif
+}
+
 struct object_entry *packlist_alloc(struct packing_data *pdata,
 				    const unsigned char *sha1,
 				    uint32_t index_pos);
@@ -65,4 +194,194 @@ static inline uint32_t pack_name_hash(const char *name)
 	return hash;
 }
 
+static inline enum object_type oe_type(const struct object_entry *e)
+{
+	return e->type_valid ? e->type_ : OBJ_BAD;
+}
+
+static inline void oe_set_type(struct object_entry *e,
+			       enum object_type type)
+{
+	if (type >= OBJ_ANY)
+		BUG("OBJ_ANY cannot be set in pack-objects code");
+
+	e->type_valid = type >= OBJ_NONE;
+	e->type_ = (unsigned)type;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned int oe_in_pack_pos(const struct packing_data *pack,
+					  const struct object_entry *e)
+{
+	return pack->in_pack_pos[e - pack->objects];
+}
+
+static inline void oe_set_in_pack_pos(const struct packing_data *pack,
+				      const struct object_entry *e,
+				      unsigned int pos)
+{
+	pack->in_pack_pos[e - pack->objects] = pos;
+}
+
+static inline struct packed_git *oe_in_pack(const struct packing_data *pack,
+					    const struct object_entry *e)
+{
+	if (pack->in_pack_by_idx)
+		return pack->in_pack_by_idx[e->in_pack_idx];
+	else
+		return pack->in_pack[e - pack->objects];
+}
+
+void oe_map_new_pack(struct packing_data *pack,
+		     struct packed_git *p);
+static inline void oe_set_in_pack(struct packing_data *pack,
+				  struct object_entry *e,
+				  struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	if (!p->index)
+		oe_map_new_pack(pack, p);
+	if (pack->in_pack_by_idx)
+		e->in_pack_idx = p->index;
+	else
+		pack->in_pack[e - pack->objects] = p;
+}
+
+static inline struct object_entry *oe_delta(
+		const struct packing_data *pack,
+		const struct object_entry *e)
+{
+	if (e->delta_idx)
+		return &pack->objects[e->delta_idx - 1];
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static inline void oe_set_delta(struct packing_data *pack,
+				struct object_entry *e,
+				struct object_entry *delta)
+{
+	if (delta)
+		e->delta_idx = (delta - pack->objects) + 1;
+	else
+		e->delta_idx = 0;
+}
+
+static inline struct object_entry *oe_delta_child(
+		const struct packing_data *pack,
+		const struct object_entry *e)
+{
+	if (e->delta_child_idx)
+		return &pack->objects[e->delta_child_idx - 1];
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static inline void oe_set_delta_child(struct packing_data *pack,
+				      struct object_entry *e,
+				      struct object_entry *delta)
+{
+	if (delta)
+		e->delta_child_idx = (delta - pack->objects) + 1;
+	else
+		e->delta_child_idx = 0;
+}
+
+static inline struct object_entry *oe_delta_sibling(
+		const struct packing_data *pack,
+		const struct object_entry *e)
+{
+	if (e->delta_sibling_idx)
+		return &pack->objects[e->delta_sibling_idx - 1];
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static inline void oe_set_delta_sibling(struct packing_data *pack,
+					struct object_entry *e,
+					struct object_entry *delta)
+{
+	if (delta)
+		e->delta_sibling_idx = (delta - pack->objects) + 1;
+	else
+		e->delta_sibling_idx = 0;
+}
+
+unsigned long oe_get_size_slow(struct packing_data *pack,
+			       const struct object_entry *e);
+static inline unsigned long oe_size(struct packing_data *pack,
+				    const struct object_entry *e)
+{
+	if (e->size_valid)
+		return e->size_;
+
+	return oe_get_size_slow(pack, e);
+}
+
+static inline int oe_size_less_than(struct packing_data *pack,
+				    const struct object_entry *lhs,
+				    unsigned long rhs)
+{
+	if (lhs->size_valid)
+		return lhs->size_ < rhs;
+	if (rhs < pack->oe_size_limit) /* rhs < 2^x <= lhs ? */
+		return 0;
+	return oe_get_size_slow(pack, lhs) < rhs;
+}
+
+static inline int oe_size_greater_than(struct packing_data *pack,
+				       const struct object_entry *lhs,
+				       unsigned long rhs)
+{
+	if (lhs->size_valid)
+		return lhs->size_ > rhs;
+	if (rhs < pack->oe_size_limit) /* rhs < 2^x <= lhs ? */
+		return 1;
+	return oe_get_size_slow(pack, lhs) > rhs;
+}
+
+static inline void oe_set_size(struct packing_data *pack,
+			       struct object_entry *e,
+			       unsigned long size)
+{
+	if (size < pack->oe_size_limit) {
+		e->size_ = size;
+		e->size_valid = 1;
+	} else {
+		e->size_valid = 0;
+		if (oe_get_size_slow(pack, e) != size)
+			BUG("'size' is supposed to be the object size!");
+	}
+}
+
+static inline unsigned long oe_delta_size(struct packing_data *pack,
+					  const struct object_entry *e)
+{
+	if (e->delta_size_valid)
+		return e->delta_size_;
+
+	/*
+	 * pack->detla_size[] can't be NULL because oe_set_delta_size()
+	 * must have been called when a new delta is saved with
+	 * oe_set_delta().
+	 * If oe_delta() returns NULL (i.e. default state, which means
+	 * delta_size_valid is also false), then the caller must never
+	 * call oe_delta_size().
+	 */
+	return pack->delta_size[e - pack->objects];
+}
+
+static inline void oe_set_delta_size(struct packing_data *pack,
+				     struct object_entry *e,
+				     unsigned long size)
+{
+	if (size < pack->oe_delta_size_limit) {
+		e->delta_size_ = size;
+		e->delta_size_valid = 1;
+	} else {
+		packing_data_lock(pack);
+		if (!pack->delta_size)
+			ALLOC_ARRAY(pack->delta_size, pack->nr_alloc);
+		packing_data_unlock(pack);
+
+		pack->delta_size[e - pack->objects] = size;
+		e->delta_size_valid = 0;
+	}
+}
+
 #endif
diff --git a/pack-revindex.c b/pack-revindex.c
index 5c8376e978..bb521cf7fb 100644
--- a/pack-revindex.c
+++ b/pack-revindex.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "pack-revindex.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 /*
  * Pack index for existing packs give us easy access to the offsets into
@@ -8,52 +9,13 @@
  * size is easily available by examining the pack entry header).  It is
  * also rather expensive to find the sha1 for an object given its offset.
  *
- * We build a hashtable of existing packs (pack_revindex), and keep reverse
- * index here -- pack index file is sorted by object name mapping to offset;
- * this pack_revindex[].revindex array is a list of offset/index_nr pairs
+ * The pack index file is sorted by object name mapping to offset;
+ * this revindex array is a list of offset/index_nr pairs
  * ordered by offset, so if you know the offset of an object, next offset
  * is where its packed representation ends and the index_nr can be used to
  * get the object sha1 from the main index.
  */
 
-static struct pack_revindex *pack_revindex;
-static int pack_revindex_hashsz;
-
-static int pack_revindex_ix(struct packed_git *p)
-{
-	unsigned long ui = (unsigned long)p;
-	int i;
-
-	ui = ui ^ (ui >> 16); /* defeat structure alignment */
-	i = (int)(ui % pack_revindex_hashsz);
-	while (pack_revindex[i].p) {
-		if (pack_revindex[i].p == p)
-			return i;
-		if (++i == pack_revindex_hashsz)
-			i = 0;
-	}
-	return -1 - i;
-}
-
-static void init_pack_revindex(void)
-{
-	int num;
-	struct packed_git *p;
-
-	for (num = 0, p = packed_git; p; p = p->next)
-		num++;
-	if (!num)
-		return;
-	pack_revindex_hashsz = num * 11;
-	pack_revindex = xcalloc(pack_revindex_hashsz, sizeof(*pack_revindex));
-	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-		num = pack_revindex_ix(p);
-		num = - 1 - num;
-		pack_revindex[num].p = p;
-	}
-	/* revindex elements are lazily initialized */
-}
-
 /*
  * This is a least-significant-digit radix sort.
  *
@@ -83,10 +45,14 @@ static void sort_revindex(struct revindex_entry *entries, unsigned n, off_t max)
 	 * keep track of them with alias pointers, always sorting from "from"
 	 * to "to".
 	 */
-	struct revindex_entry *tmp = xmalloc(n * sizeof(*tmp));
-	struct revindex_entry *from = entries, *to = tmp;
+	struct revindex_entry *tmp, *from, *to;
 	int bits;
-	unsigned *pos = xmalloc(BUCKETS * sizeof(*pos));
+	unsigned *pos;
+
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(pos, BUCKETS);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(tmp, n);
+	from = entries;
+	to = tmp;
 
 	/*
 	 * If (max >> bits) is zero, then we know that the radix digit we are
@@ -94,7 +60,6 @@ static void sort_revindex(struct revindex_entry *entries, unsigned n, off_t max)
 	 * be a no-op, as everybody lands in the same zero-th bucket.
 	 */
 	for (bits = 0; max >> bits; bits += DIGIT_SIZE) {
-		struct revindex_entry *swap;
 		unsigned i;
 
 		memset(pos, 0, BUCKETS * sizeof(*pos));
@@ -132,9 +97,7 @@ static void sort_revindex(struct revindex_entry *entries, unsigned n, off_t max)
 		 * Now "to" contains the most sorted list, so we swap "from" and
 		 * "to" for the next iteration.
 		 */
-		swap = from;
-		from = to;
-		to = swap;
+		SWAP(from, to);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -142,7 +105,7 @@ static void sort_revindex(struct revindex_entry *entries, unsigned n, off_t max)
 	 * we have to move it back from the temporary storage.
 	 */
 	if (from != entries)
-		memcpy(entries, tmp, n * sizeof(*entries));
+		COPY_ARRAY(entries, tmp, n);
 	free(tmp);
 	free(pos);
 
@@ -154,14 +117,13 @@ static void sort_revindex(struct revindex_entry *entries, unsigned n, off_t max)
 /*
  * Ordered list of offsets of objects in the pack.
  */
-static void create_pack_revindex(struct pack_revindex *rix)
+static void create_pack_revindex(struct packed_git *p)
 {
-	struct packed_git *p = rix->p;
 	unsigned num_ent = p->num_objects;
 	unsigned i;
 	const char *index = p->index_data;
 
-	rix->revindex = xmalloc(sizeof(*rix->revindex) * (num_ent + 1));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(p->revindex, num_ent + 1);
 	index += 4 * 256;
 
 	if (p->index_version > 1) {
@@ -171,55 +133,40 @@ static void create_pack_revindex(struct pack_revindex *rix)
 		for (i = 0; i < num_ent; i++) {
 			uint32_t off = ntohl(*off_32++);
 			if (!(off & 0x80000000)) {
-				rix->revindex[i].offset = off;
+				p->revindex[i].offset = off;
 			} else {
-				rix->revindex[i].offset =
-					((uint64_t)ntohl(*off_64++)) << 32;
-				rix->revindex[i].offset |=
-					ntohl(*off_64++);
+				p->revindex[i].offset = get_be64(off_64);
+				off_64 += 2;
 			}
-			rix->revindex[i].nr = i;
+			p->revindex[i].nr = i;
 		}
 	} else {
 		for (i = 0; i < num_ent; i++) {
 			uint32_t hl = *((uint32_t *)(index + 24 * i));
-			rix->revindex[i].offset = ntohl(hl);
-			rix->revindex[i].nr = i;
+			p->revindex[i].offset = ntohl(hl);
+			p->revindex[i].nr = i;
 		}
 	}
 
 	/* This knows the pack format -- the 20-byte trailer
 	 * follows immediately after the last object data.
 	 */
-	rix->revindex[num_ent].offset = p->pack_size - 20;
-	rix->revindex[num_ent].nr = -1;
-	sort_revindex(rix->revindex, num_ent, p->pack_size);
+	p->revindex[num_ent].offset = p->pack_size - 20;
+	p->revindex[num_ent].nr = -1;
+	sort_revindex(p->revindex, num_ent, p->pack_size);
 }
 
-struct pack_revindex *revindex_for_pack(struct packed_git *p)
+void load_pack_revindex(struct packed_git *p)
 {
-	int num;
-	struct pack_revindex *rix;
-
-	if (!pack_revindex_hashsz)
-		init_pack_revindex();
-
-	num = pack_revindex_ix(p);
-	if (num < 0)
-		die("internal error: pack revindex fubar");
-
-	rix = &pack_revindex[num];
-	if (!rix->revindex)
-		create_pack_revindex(rix);
-
-	return rix;
+	if (!p->revindex)
+		create_pack_revindex(p);
 }
 
-int find_revindex_position(struct pack_revindex *pridx, off_t ofs)
+int find_revindex_position(struct packed_git *p, off_t ofs)
 {
 	int lo = 0;
-	int hi = pridx->p->num_objects + 1;
-	struct revindex_entry *revindex = pridx->revindex;
+	int hi = p->num_objects + 1;
+	struct revindex_entry *revindex = p->revindex;
 
 	do {
 		unsigned mi = lo + (hi - lo) / 2;
@@ -237,11 +184,13 @@ int find_revindex_position(struct pack_revindex *pridx, off_t ofs)
 
 struct revindex_entry *find_pack_revindex(struct packed_git *p, off_t ofs)
 {
-	struct pack_revindex *pridx = revindex_for_pack(p);
-	int pos = find_revindex_position(pridx, ofs);
+	int pos;
+
+	load_pack_revindex(p);
+	pos = find_revindex_position(p, ofs);
 
 	if (pos < 0)
 		return NULL;
 
-	return pridx->revindex + pos;
+	return p->revindex + pos;
 }
diff --git a/pack-revindex.h b/pack-revindex.h
index d737f98965..e262f3efe8 100644
--- a/pack-revindex.h
+++ b/pack-revindex.h
@@ -1,18 +1,15 @@
 #ifndef PACK_REVINDEX_H
 #define PACK_REVINDEX_H
 
+struct packed_git;
+
 struct revindex_entry {
 	off_t offset;
 	unsigned int nr;
 };
 
-struct pack_revindex {
-	struct packed_git *p;
-	struct revindex_entry *revindex;
-};
-
-struct pack_revindex *revindex_for_pack(struct packed_git *p);
-int find_revindex_position(struct pack_revindex *pridx, off_t ofs);
+void load_pack_revindex(struct packed_git *p);
+int find_revindex_position(struct packed_git *p, off_t ofs);
 
 struct revindex_entry *find_pack_revindex(struct packed_git *p, off_t ofs);
 
diff --git a/pack-write.c b/pack-write.c
index 33293ce2a6..a9d46bc03f 100644
--- a/pack-write.c
+++ b/pack-write.c
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ static int sha1_compare(const void *_a, const void *_b)
 {
 	struct pack_idx_entry *a = *(struct pack_idx_entry **)_a;
 	struct pack_idx_entry *b = *(struct pack_idx_entry **)_b;
-	return hashcmp(a->sha1, b->sha1);
+	return oidcmp(&a->oid, &b->oid);
 }
 
 static int cmp_uint32(const void *a_, const void *b_)
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ const char *write_idx_file(const char *index_name, struct pack_idx_entry **objec
 			   int nr_objects, const struct pack_idx_option *opts,
 			   const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	struct sha1file *f;
+	struct hashfile *f;
 	struct pack_idx_entry **sorted_by_sha, **list, **last;
 	off_t last_obj_offset = 0;
 	uint32_t array[256];
@@ -61,27 +61,26 @@ const char *write_idx_file(const char *index_name, struct pack_idx_entry **objec
 			if (objects[i]->offset > last_obj_offset)
 				last_obj_offset = objects[i]->offset;
 		}
-		qsort(sorted_by_sha, nr_objects, sizeof(sorted_by_sha[0]),
-		      sha1_compare);
+		QSORT(sorted_by_sha, nr_objects, sha1_compare);
 	}
 	else
 		sorted_by_sha = list = last = NULL;
 
 	if (opts->flags & WRITE_IDX_VERIFY) {
 		assert(index_name);
-		f = sha1fd_check(index_name);
+		f = hashfd_check(index_name);
 	} else {
 		if (!index_name) {
-			static char tmp_file[PATH_MAX];
-			fd = odb_mkstemp(tmp_file, sizeof(tmp_file), "pack/tmp_idx_XXXXXX");
-			index_name = xstrdup(tmp_file);
+			struct strbuf tmp_file = STRBUF_INIT;
+			fd = odb_mkstemp(&tmp_file, "pack/tmp_idx_XXXXXX");
+			index_name = strbuf_detach(&tmp_file, NULL);
 		} else {
 			unlink(index_name);
 			fd = open(index_name, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY, 0600);
+			if (fd < 0)
+				die_errno("unable to create '%s'", index_name);
 		}
-		if (fd < 0)
-			die_errno("unable to create '%s'", index_name);
-		f = sha1fd(fd, index_name);
+		f = hashfd(fd, index_name);
 	}
 
 	/* if last object's offset is >= 2^31 we should use index V2 */
@@ -92,7 +91,7 @@ const char *write_idx_file(const char *index_name, struct pack_idx_entry **objec
 		struct pack_idx_header hdr;
 		hdr.idx_signature = htonl(PACK_IDX_SIGNATURE);
 		hdr.idx_version = htonl(index_version);
-		sha1write(f, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
+		hashwrite(f, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -104,14 +103,14 @@ const char *write_idx_file(const char *index_name, struct pack_idx_entry **objec
 		struct pack_idx_entry **next = list;
 		while (next < last) {
 			struct pack_idx_entry *obj = *next;
-			if (obj->sha1[0] != i)
+			if (obj->oid.hash[0] != i)
 				break;
 			next++;
 		}
 		array[i] = htonl(next - sorted_by_sha);
 		list = next;
 	}
-	sha1write(f, array, 256 * 4);
+	hashwrite(f, array, 256 * 4);
 
 	/*
 	 * Write the actual SHA1 entries..
@@ -121,13 +120,13 @@ const char *write_idx_file(const char *index_name, struct pack_idx_entry **objec
 		struct pack_idx_entry *obj = *list++;
 		if (index_version < 2) {
 			uint32_t offset = htonl(obj->offset);
-			sha1write(f, &offset, 4);
+			hashwrite(f, &offset, 4);
 		}
-		sha1write(f, obj->sha1, 20);
+		hashwrite(f, obj->oid.hash, the_hash_algo->rawsz);
 		if ((opts->flags & WRITE_IDX_STRICT) &&
-		    (i && !hashcmp(list[-2]->sha1, obj->sha1)))
+		    (i && !oidcmp(&list[-2]->oid, &obj->oid)))
 			die("The same object %s appears twice in the pack",
-			    sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+			    oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
 	}
 
 	if (index_version >= 2) {
@@ -138,7 +137,7 @@ const char *write_idx_file(const char *index_name, struct pack_idx_entry **objec
 		for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 			struct pack_idx_entry *obj = *list++;
 			uint32_t crc32_val = htonl(obj->crc32);
-			sha1write(f, &crc32_val, 4);
+			hashwrite(f, &crc32_val, 4);
 		}
 
 		/* write the 32-bit offset table */
@@ -151,7 +150,7 @@ const char *write_idx_file(const char *index_name, struct pack_idx_entry **objec
 				  ? (0x80000000 | nr_large_offset++)
 				  : obj->offset);
 			offset = htonl(offset);
-			sha1write(f, &offset, 4);
+			hashwrite(f, &offset, 4);
 		}
 
 		/* write the large offset table */
@@ -165,25 +164,26 @@ const char *write_idx_file(const char *index_name, struct pack_idx_entry **objec
 				continue;
 			split[0] = htonl(offset >> 32);
 			split[1] = htonl(offset & 0xffffffff);
-			sha1write(f, split, 8);
+			hashwrite(f, split, 8);
 			nr_large_offset--;
 		}
 	}
 
-	sha1write(f, sha1, 20);
-	sha1close(f, NULL, ((opts->flags & WRITE_IDX_VERIFY)
-			    ? CSUM_CLOSE : CSUM_FSYNC));
+	hashwrite(f, sha1, the_hash_algo->rawsz);
+	finalize_hashfile(f, NULL, CSUM_HASH_IN_STREAM | CSUM_CLOSE |
+				    ((opts->flags & WRITE_IDX_VERIFY)
+				    ? 0 : CSUM_FSYNC));
 	return index_name;
 }
 
-off_t write_pack_header(struct sha1file *f, uint32_t nr_entries)
+off_t write_pack_header(struct hashfile *f, uint32_t nr_entries)
 {
 	struct pack_header hdr;
 
 	hdr.hdr_signature = htonl(PACK_SIGNATURE);
 	hdr.hdr_version = htonl(PACK_VERSION);
 	hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(nr_entries);
-	sha1write(f, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
+	hashwrite(f, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
 	return sizeof(hdr);
 }
 
@@ -204,29 +204,34 @@ off_t write_pack_header(struct sha1file *f, uint32_t nr_entries)
  * interested in the resulting SHA1 of pack data above partial_pack_offset.
  */
 void fixup_pack_header_footer(int pack_fd,
-			 unsigned char *new_pack_sha1,
+			 unsigned char *new_pack_hash,
 			 const char *pack_name,
 			 uint32_t object_count,
-			 unsigned char *partial_pack_sha1,
+			 unsigned char *partial_pack_hash,
 			 off_t partial_pack_offset)
 {
 	int aligned_sz, buf_sz = 8 * 1024;
-	git_SHA_CTX old_sha1_ctx, new_sha1_ctx;
+	git_hash_ctx old_hash_ctx, new_hash_ctx;
 	struct pack_header hdr;
 	char *buf;
+	ssize_t read_result;
 
-	git_SHA1_Init(&old_sha1_ctx);
-	git_SHA1_Init(&new_sha1_ctx);
+	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&old_hash_ctx);
+	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&new_hash_ctx);
 
 	if (lseek(pack_fd, 0, SEEK_SET) != 0)
 		die_errno("Failed seeking to start of '%s'", pack_name);
-	if (read_in_full(pack_fd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)) != sizeof(hdr))
+	read_result = read_in_full(pack_fd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
+	if (read_result < 0)
 		die_errno("Unable to reread header of '%s'", pack_name);
+	else if (read_result != sizeof(hdr))
+		die_errno("Unexpected short read for header of '%s'",
+			  pack_name);
 	if (lseek(pack_fd, 0, SEEK_SET) != 0)
 		die_errno("Failed seeking to start of '%s'", pack_name);
-	git_SHA1_Update(&old_sha1_ctx, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
+	the_hash_algo->update_fn(&old_hash_ctx, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
 	hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(object_count);
-	git_SHA1_Update(&new_sha1_ctx, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
+	the_hash_algo->update_fn(&new_hash_ctx, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
 	write_or_die(pack_fd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
 	partial_pack_offset -= sizeof(hdr);
 
@@ -234,28 +239,28 @@ void fixup_pack_header_footer(int pack_fd,
 	aligned_sz = buf_sz - sizeof(hdr);
 	for (;;) {
 		ssize_t m, n;
-		m = (partial_pack_sha1 && partial_pack_offset < aligned_sz) ?
+		m = (partial_pack_hash && partial_pack_offset < aligned_sz) ?
 			partial_pack_offset : aligned_sz;
 		n = xread(pack_fd, buf, m);
 		if (!n)
 			break;
 		if (n < 0)
 			die_errno("Failed to checksum '%s'", pack_name);
-		git_SHA1_Update(&new_sha1_ctx, buf, n);
+		the_hash_algo->update_fn(&new_hash_ctx, buf, n);
 
 		aligned_sz -= n;
 		if (!aligned_sz)
 			aligned_sz = buf_sz;
 
-		if (!partial_pack_sha1)
+		if (!partial_pack_hash)
 			continue;
 
-		git_SHA1_Update(&old_sha1_ctx, buf, n);
+		the_hash_algo->update_fn(&old_hash_ctx, buf, n);
 		partial_pack_offset -= n;
 		if (partial_pack_offset == 0) {
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
-			git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &old_sha1_ctx);
-			if (hashcmp(sha1, partial_pack_sha1) != 0)
+			unsigned char hash[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
+			the_hash_algo->final_fn(hash, &old_hash_ctx);
+			if (hashcmp(hash, partial_pack_hash) != 0)
 				die("Unexpected checksum for %s "
 				    "(disk corruption?)", pack_name);
 			/*
@@ -263,23 +268,24 @@ void fixup_pack_header_footer(int pack_fd,
 			 * pack, which also means making partial_pack_offset
 			 * big enough not to matter anymore.
 			 */
-			git_SHA1_Init(&old_sha1_ctx);
+			the_hash_algo->init_fn(&old_hash_ctx);
 			partial_pack_offset = ~partial_pack_offset;
 			partial_pack_offset -= MSB(partial_pack_offset, 1);
 		}
 	}
 	free(buf);
 
-	if (partial_pack_sha1)
-		git_SHA1_Final(partial_pack_sha1, &old_sha1_ctx);
-	git_SHA1_Final(new_pack_sha1, &new_sha1_ctx);
-	write_or_die(pack_fd, new_pack_sha1, 20);
+	if (partial_pack_hash)
+		the_hash_algo->final_fn(partial_pack_hash, &old_hash_ctx);
+	the_hash_algo->final_fn(new_pack_hash, &new_hash_ctx);
+	write_or_die(pack_fd, new_pack_hash, the_hash_algo->rawsz);
 	fsync_or_die(pack_fd, pack_name);
 }
 
 char *index_pack_lockfile(int ip_out)
 {
-	char packname[46];
+	char packname[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 6];
+	const int len = the_hash_algo->hexsz + 6;
 
 	/*
 	 * The first thing we expect from index-pack's output
@@ -288,9 +294,9 @@ char *index_pack_lockfile(int ip_out)
 	 * case, we need it to remove the corresponding .keep file
 	 * later on.  If we don't get that then tough luck with it.
 	 */
-	if (read_in_full(ip_out, packname, 46) == 46 && packname[45] == '\n') {
+	if (read_in_full(ip_out, packname, len) == len && packname[len-1] == '\n') {
 		const char *name;
-		packname[45] = 0;
+		packname[len-1] = 0;
 		if (skip_prefix(packname, "keep\t", &name))
 			return xstrfmt("%s/pack/pack-%s.keep",
 				       get_object_directory(), name);
@@ -305,7 +311,8 @@ char *index_pack_lockfile(int ip_out)
  *  - each byte afterwards: low seven bits are size continuation,
  *    with the high bit being "size continues"
  */
-int encode_in_pack_object_header(enum object_type type, uintmax_t size, unsigned char *hdr)
+int encode_in_pack_object_header(unsigned char *hdr, int hdr_len,
+				 enum object_type type, uintmax_t size)
 {
 	int n = 1;
 	unsigned char c;
@@ -316,6 +323,8 @@ int encode_in_pack_object_header(enum object_type type, uintmax_t size, unsigned
 	c = (type << 4) | (size & 15);
 	size >>= 4;
 	while (size) {
+		if (n == hdr_len)
+			die("object size is too enormous to format");
 		*hdr++ = c | 0x80;
 		c = size & 0x7f;
 		size >>= 7;
@@ -325,14 +334,14 @@ int encode_in_pack_object_header(enum object_type type, uintmax_t size, unsigned
 	return n;
 }
 
-struct sha1file *create_tmp_packfile(char **pack_tmp_name)
+struct hashfile *create_tmp_packfile(char **pack_tmp_name)
 {
-	char tmpname[PATH_MAX];
+	struct strbuf tmpname = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int fd;
 
-	fd = odb_mkstemp(tmpname, sizeof(tmpname), "pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX");
-	*pack_tmp_name = xstrdup(tmpname);
-	return sha1fd(fd, *pack_tmp_name);
+	fd = odb_mkstemp(&tmpname, "pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX");
+	*pack_tmp_name = strbuf_detach(&tmpname, NULL);
+	return hashfd(fd, *pack_tmp_name);
 }
 
 void finish_tmp_packfile(struct strbuf *name_buffer,
@@ -354,7 +363,6 @@ void finish_tmp_packfile(struct strbuf *name_buffer,
 		die_errno("unable to make temporary index file readable");
 
 	strbuf_addf(name_buffer, "%s.pack", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	free_pack_by_name(name_buffer->buf);
 
 	if (rename(pack_tmp_name, name_buffer->buf))
 		die_errno("unable to rename temporary pack file");
diff --git a/pack.h b/pack.h
index 3223f5a038..34a9d458b4 100644
--- a/pack.h
+++ b/pack.h
@@ -67,30 +67,38 @@ struct pack_idx_header {
  * Common part of object structure used for write_idx_file
  */
 struct pack_idx_entry {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	uint32_t crc32;
 	off_t offset;
 };
 
 
 struct progress;
-typedef int (*verify_fn)(const unsigned char*, enum object_type, unsigned long, void*, int*);
+/* Note, the data argument could be NULL if object type is blob */
+typedef int (*verify_fn)(const struct object_id *, enum object_type, unsigned long, void*, int*);
 
 extern const char *write_idx_file(const char *index_name, struct pack_idx_entry **objects, int nr_objects, const struct pack_idx_option *, const unsigned char *sha1);
 extern int check_pack_crc(struct packed_git *p, struct pack_window **w_curs, off_t offset, off_t len, unsigned int nr);
 extern int verify_pack_index(struct packed_git *);
 extern int verify_pack(struct packed_git *, verify_fn fn, struct progress *, uint32_t);
-extern off_t write_pack_header(struct sha1file *f, uint32_t);
+extern off_t write_pack_header(struct hashfile *f, uint32_t);
 extern void fixup_pack_header_footer(int, unsigned char *, const char *, uint32_t, unsigned char *, off_t);
 extern char *index_pack_lockfile(int fd);
-extern int encode_in_pack_object_header(enum object_type, uintmax_t, unsigned char *);
+
+/*
+ * The "hdr" output buffer should be at least this big, which will handle sizes
+ * up to 2^67.
+ */
+#define MAX_PACK_OBJECT_HEADER 10
+extern int encode_in_pack_object_header(unsigned char *hdr, int hdr_len,
+					enum object_type, uintmax_t);
 
 #define PH_ERROR_EOF		(-1)
 #define PH_ERROR_PACK_SIGNATURE	(-2)
 #define PH_ERROR_PROTOCOL	(-3)
 extern int read_pack_header(int fd, struct pack_header *);
 
-extern struct sha1file *create_tmp_packfile(char **pack_tmp_name);
+extern struct hashfile *create_tmp_packfile(char **pack_tmp_name);
 extern void finish_tmp_packfile(struct strbuf *name_buffer, const char *pack_tmp_name, struct pack_idx_entry **written_list, uint32_t nr_written, struct pack_idx_option *pack_idx_opts, unsigned char sha1[]);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/packfile.c b/packfile.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ebcb5742ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packfile.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1999 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "list.h"
+#include "pack.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "mergesort.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "delta.h"
+#include "list.h"
+#include "streaming.h"
+#include "sha1-lookup.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "object.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+
+char *odb_pack_name(struct strbuf *buf,
+		    const unsigned char *sha1,
+		    const char *ext)
+{
+	strbuf_reset(buf);
+	strbuf_addf(buf, "%s/pack/pack-%s.%s", get_object_directory(),
+		    sha1_to_hex(sha1), ext);
+	return buf->buf;
+}
+
+char *sha1_pack_name(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	return odb_pack_name(&buf, sha1, "pack");
+}
+
+char *sha1_pack_index_name(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	return odb_pack_name(&buf, sha1, "idx");
+}
+
+static unsigned int pack_used_ctr;
+static unsigned int pack_mmap_calls;
+static unsigned int peak_pack_open_windows;
+static unsigned int pack_open_windows;
+static unsigned int pack_open_fds;
+static unsigned int pack_max_fds;
+static size_t peak_pack_mapped;
+static size_t pack_mapped;
+
+#define SZ_FMT PRIuMAX
+static inline uintmax_t sz_fmt(size_t s) { return s; }
+
+void pack_report(void)
+{
+	fprintf(stderr,
+		"pack_report: getpagesize()            = %10" SZ_FMT "\n"
+		"pack_report: core.packedGitWindowSize = %10" SZ_FMT "\n"
+		"pack_report: core.packedGitLimit      = %10" SZ_FMT "\n",
+		sz_fmt(getpagesize()),
+		sz_fmt(packed_git_window_size),
+		sz_fmt(packed_git_limit));
+	fprintf(stderr,
+		"pack_report: pack_used_ctr            = %10u\n"
+		"pack_report: pack_mmap_calls          = %10u\n"
+		"pack_report: pack_open_windows        = %10u / %10u\n"
+		"pack_report: pack_mapped              = "
+			"%10" SZ_FMT " / %10" SZ_FMT "\n",
+		pack_used_ctr,
+		pack_mmap_calls,
+		pack_open_windows, peak_pack_open_windows,
+		sz_fmt(pack_mapped), sz_fmt(peak_pack_mapped));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Open and mmap the index file at path, perform a couple of
+ * consistency checks, then record its information to p.  Return 0 on
+ * success.
+ */
+static int check_packed_git_idx(const char *path, struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	void *idx_map;
+	struct pack_idx_header *hdr;
+	size_t idx_size;
+	uint32_t version, nr, i, *index;
+	int fd = git_open(path);
+	struct stat st;
+	const unsigned int hashsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
+
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return -1;
+	if (fstat(fd, &st)) {
+		close(fd);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	idx_size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
+	if (idx_size < 4 * 256 + hashsz + hashsz) {
+		close(fd);
+		return error("index file %s is too small", path);
+	}
+	idx_map = xmmap(NULL, idx_size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
+	close(fd);
+
+	hdr = idx_map;
+	if (hdr->idx_signature == htonl(PACK_IDX_SIGNATURE)) {
+		version = ntohl(hdr->idx_version);
+		if (version < 2 || version > 2) {
+			munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
+			return error("index file %s is version %"PRIu32
+				     " and is not supported by this binary"
+				     " (try upgrading GIT to a newer version)",
+				     path, version);
+		}
+	} else
+		version = 1;
+
+	nr = 0;
+	index = idx_map;
+	if (version > 1)
+		index += 2;  /* skip index header */
+	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+		uint32_t n = ntohl(index[i]);
+		if (n < nr) {
+			munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
+			return error("non-monotonic index %s", path);
+		}
+		nr = n;
+	}
+
+	if (version == 1) {
+		/*
+		 * Total size:
+		 *  - 256 index entries 4 bytes each
+		 *  - 24-byte entries * nr (object ID + 4-byte offset)
+		 *  - hash of the packfile
+		 *  - file checksum
+		 */
+		if (idx_size != 4*256 + nr * (hashsz + 4) + hashsz + hashsz) {
+			munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
+			return error("wrong index v1 file size in %s", path);
+		}
+	} else if (version == 2) {
+		/*
+		 * Minimum size:
+		 *  - 8 bytes of header
+		 *  - 256 index entries 4 bytes each
+		 *  - object ID entry * nr
+		 *  - 4-byte crc entry * nr
+		 *  - 4-byte offset entry * nr
+		 *  - hash of the packfile
+		 *  - file checksum
+		 * And after the 4-byte offset table might be a
+		 * variable sized table containing 8-byte entries
+		 * for offsets larger than 2^31.
+		 */
+		unsigned long min_size = 8 + 4*256 + nr*(hashsz + 4 + 4) + hashsz + hashsz;
+		unsigned long max_size = min_size;
+		if (nr)
+			max_size += (nr - 1)*8;
+		if (idx_size < min_size || idx_size > max_size) {
+			munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
+			return error("wrong index v2 file size in %s", path);
+		}
+		if (idx_size != min_size &&
+		    /*
+		     * make sure we can deal with large pack offsets.
+		     * 31-bit signed offset won't be enough, neither
+		     * 32-bit unsigned one will be.
+		     */
+		    (sizeof(off_t) <= 4)) {
+			munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
+			return error("pack too large for current definition of off_t in %s", path);
+		}
+	}
+
+	p->index_version = version;
+	p->index_data = idx_map;
+	p->index_size = idx_size;
+	p->num_objects = nr;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int open_pack_index(struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	char *idx_name;
+	size_t len;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (p->index_data)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!strip_suffix(p->pack_name, ".pack", &len))
+		BUG("pack_name does not end in .pack");
+	idx_name = xstrfmt("%.*s.idx", (int)len, p->pack_name);
+	ret = check_packed_git_idx(idx_name, p);
+	free(idx_name);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static struct packed_git *alloc_packed_git(int extra)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p = xmalloc(st_add(sizeof(*p), extra));
+	memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
+	p->pack_fd = -1;
+	return p;
+}
+
+struct packed_git *parse_pack_index(unsigned char *sha1, const char *idx_path)
+{
+	const char *path = sha1_pack_name(sha1);
+	size_t alloc = st_add(strlen(path), 1);
+	struct packed_git *p = alloc_packed_git(alloc);
+
+	memcpy(p->pack_name, path, alloc); /* includes NUL */
+	hashcpy(p->sha1, sha1);
+	if (check_packed_git_idx(idx_path, p)) {
+		free(p);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	return p;
+}
+
+static void scan_windows(struct packed_git *p,
+	struct packed_git **lru_p,
+	struct pack_window **lru_w,
+	struct pack_window **lru_l)
+{
+	struct pack_window *w, *w_l;
+
+	for (w_l = NULL, w = p->windows; w; w = w->next) {
+		if (!w->inuse_cnt) {
+			if (!*lru_w || w->last_used < (*lru_w)->last_used) {
+				*lru_p = p;
+				*lru_w = w;
+				*lru_l = w_l;
+			}
+		}
+		w_l = w;
+	}
+}
+
+static int unuse_one_window(struct packed_git *current)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p, *lru_p = NULL;
+	struct pack_window *lru_w = NULL, *lru_l = NULL;
+
+	if (current)
+		scan_windows(current, &lru_p, &lru_w, &lru_l);
+	for (p = the_repository->objects->packed_git; p; p = p->next)
+		scan_windows(p, &lru_p, &lru_w, &lru_l);
+	if (lru_p) {
+		munmap(lru_w->base, lru_w->len);
+		pack_mapped -= lru_w->len;
+		if (lru_l)
+			lru_l->next = lru_w->next;
+		else
+			lru_p->windows = lru_w->next;
+		free(lru_w);
+		pack_open_windows--;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void release_pack_memory(size_t need)
+{
+	size_t cur = pack_mapped;
+	while (need >= (cur - pack_mapped) && unuse_one_window(NULL))
+		; /* nothing */
+}
+
+void close_pack_windows(struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	while (p->windows) {
+		struct pack_window *w = p->windows;
+
+		if (w->inuse_cnt)
+			die("pack '%s' still has open windows to it",
+			    p->pack_name);
+		munmap(w->base, w->len);
+		pack_mapped -= w->len;
+		pack_open_windows--;
+		p->windows = w->next;
+		free(w);
+	}
+}
+
+static int close_pack_fd(struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	if (p->pack_fd < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	close(p->pack_fd);
+	pack_open_fds--;
+	p->pack_fd = -1;
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+void close_pack_index(struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	if (p->index_data) {
+		munmap((void *)p->index_data, p->index_size);
+		p->index_data = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+void close_pack(struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	close_pack_windows(p);
+	close_pack_fd(p);
+	close_pack_index(p);
+}
+
+void close_all_packs(struct raw_object_store *o)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p;
+
+	for (p = o->packed_git; p; p = p->next)
+		if (p->do_not_close)
+			BUG("want to close pack marked 'do-not-close'");
+		else
+			close_pack(p);
+}
+
+/*
+ * The LRU pack is the one with the oldest MRU window, preferring packs
+ * with no used windows, or the oldest mtime if it has no windows allocated.
+ */
+static void find_lru_pack(struct packed_git *p, struct packed_git **lru_p, struct pack_window **mru_w, int *accept_windows_inuse)
+{
+	struct pack_window *w, *this_mru_w;
+	int has_windows_inuse = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Reject this pack if it has windows and the previously selected
+	 * one does not.  If this pack does not have windows, reject
+	 * it if the pack file is newer than the previously selected one.
+	 */
+	if (*lru_p && !*mru_w && (p->windows || p->mtime > (*lru_p)->mtime))
+		return;
+
+	for (w = this_mru_w = p->windows; w; w = w->next) {
+		/*
+		 * Reject this pack if any of its windows are in use,
+		 * but the previously selected pack did not have any
+		 * inuse windows.  Otherwise, record that this pack
+		 * has windows in use.
+		 */
+		if (w->inuse_cnt) {
+			if (*accept_windows_inuse)
+				has_windows_inuse = 1;
+			else
+				return;
+		}
+
+		if (w->last_used > this_mru_w->last_used)
+			this_mru_w = w;
+
+		/*
+		 * Reject this pack if it has windows that have been
+		 * used more recently than the previously selected pack.
+		 * If the previously selected pack had windows inuse and
+		 * we have not encountered a window in this pack that is
+		 * inuse, skip this check since we prefer a pack with no
+		 * inuse windows to one that has inuse windows.
+		 */
+		if (*mru_w && *accept_windows_inuse == has_windows_inuse &&
+		    this_mru_w->last_used > (*mru_w)->last_used)
+			return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Select this pack.
+	 */
+	*mru_w = this_mru_w;
+	*lru_p = p;
+	*accept_windows_inuse = has_windows_inuse;
+}
+
+static int close_one_pack(void)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p, *lru_p = NULL;
+	struct pack_window *mru_w = NULL;
+	int accept_windows_inuse = 1;
+
+	for (p = the_repository->objects->packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+		if (p->pack_fd == -1)
+			continue;
+		find_lru_pack(p, &lru_p, &mru_w, &accept_windows_inuse);
+	}
+
+	if (lru_p)
+		return close_pack_fd(lru_p);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned int get_max_fd_limit(void)
+{
+#ifdef RLIMIT_NOFILE
+	{
+		struct rlimit lim;
+
+		if (!getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &lim))
+			return lim.rlim_cur;
+	}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _SC_OPEN_MAX
+	{
+		long open_max = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
+		if (0 < open_max)
+			return open_max;
+		/*
+		 * Otherwise, we got -1 for one of the two
+		 * reasons:
+		 *
+		 * (1) sysconf() did not understand _SC_OPEN_MAX
+		 *     and signaled an error with -1; or
+		 * (2) sysconf() said there is no limit.
+		 *
+		 * We _could_ clear errno before calling sysconf() to
+		 * tell these two cases apart and return a huge number
+		 * in the latter case to let the caller cap it to a
+		 * value that is not so selfish, but letting the
+		 * fallback OPEN_MAX codepath take care of these cases
+		 * is a lot simpler.
+		 */
+	}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef OPEN_MAX
+	return OPEN_MAX;
+#else
+	return 1; /* see the caller ;-) */
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * Do not call this directly as this leaks p->pack_fd on error return;
+ * call open_packed_git() instead.
+ */
+static int open_packed_git_1(struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	struct pack_header hdr;
+	unsigned char hash[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
+	unsigned char *idx_hash;
+	long fd_flag;
+	ssize_t read_result;
+	const unsigned hashsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
+
+	if (!p->index_data && open_pack_index(p))
+		return error("packfile %s index unavailable", p->pack_name);
+
+	if (!pack_max_fds) {
+		unsigned int max_fds = get_max_fd_limit();
+
+		/* Save 3 for stdin/stdout/stderr, 22 for work */
+		if (25 < max_fds)
+			pack_max_fds = max_fds - 25;
+		else
+			pack_max_fds = 1;
+	}
+
+	while (pack_max_fds <= pack_open_fds && close_one_pack())
+		; /* nothing */
+
+	p->pack_fd = git_open(p->pack_name);
+	if (p->pack_fd < 0 || fstat(p->pack_fd, &st))
+		return -1;
+	pack_open_fds++;
+
+	/* If we created the struct before we had the pack we lack size. */
+	if (!p->pack_size) {
+		if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+			return error("packfile %s not a regular file", p->pack_name);
+		p->pack_size = st.st_size;
+	} else if (p->pack_size != st.st_size)
+		return error("packfile %s size changed", p->pack_name);
+
+	/* We leave these file descriptors open with sliding mmap;
+	 * there is no point keeping them open across exec(), though.
+	 */
+	fd_flag = fcntl(p->pack_fd, F_GETFD, 0);
+	if (fd_flag < 0)
+		return error("cannot determine file descriptor flags");
+	fd_flag |= FD_CLOEXEC;
+	if (fcntl(p->pack_fd, F_SETFD, fd_flag) == -1)
+		return error("cannot set FD_CLOEXEC");
+
+	/* Verify we recognize this pack file format. */
+	read_result = read_in_full(p->pack_fd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
+	if (read_result < 0)
+		return error_errno("error reading from %s", p->pack_name);
+	if (read_result != sizeof(hdr))
+		return error("file %s is far too short to be a packfile", p->pack_name);
+	if (hdr.hdr_signature != htonl(PACK_SIGNATURE))
+		return error("file %s is not a GIT packfile", p->pack_name);
+	if (!pack_version_ok(hdr.hdr_version))
+		return error("packfile %s is version %"PRIu32" and not"
+			" supported (try upgrading GIT to a newer version)",
+			p->pack_name, ntohl(hdr.hdr_version));
+
+	/* Verify the pack matches its index. */
+	if (p->num_objects != ntohl(hdr.hdr_entries))
+		return error("packfile %s claims to have %"PRIu32" objects"
+			     " while index indicates %"PRIu32" objects",
+			     p->pack_name, ntohl(hdr.hdr_entries),
+			     p->num_objects);
+	if (lseek(p->pack_fd, p->pack_size - hashsz, SEEK_SET) == -1)
+		return error("end of packfile %s is unavailable", p->pack_name);
+	read_result = read_in_full(p->pack_fd, hash, hashsz);
+	if (read_result < 0)
+		return error_errno("error reading from %s", p->pack_name);
+	if (read_result != hashsz)
+		return error("packfile %s signature is unavailable", p->pack_name);
+	idx_hash = ((unsigned char *)p->index_data) + p->index_size - hashsz * 2;
+	if (hashcmp(hash, idx_hash))
+		return error("packfile %s does not match index", p->pack_name);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int open_packed_git(struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	if (!open_packed_git_1(p))
+		return 0;
+	close_pack_fd(p);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int in_window(struct pack_window *win, off_t offset)
+{
+	/* We must promise at least one full hash after the
+	 * offset is available from this window, otherwise the offset
+	 * is not actually in this window and a different window (which
+	 * has that one hash excess) must be used.  This is to support
+	 * the object header and delta base parsing routines below.
+	 */
+	off_t win_off = win->offset;
+	return win_off <= offset
+		&& (offset + the_hash_algo->rawsz) <= (win_off + win->len);
+}
+
+unsigned char *use_pack(struct packed_git *p,
+		struct pack_window **w_cursor,
+		off_t offset,
+		unsigned long *left)
+{
+	struct pack_window *win = *w_cursor;
+
+	/* Since packfiles end in a hash of their content and it's
+	 * pointless to ask for an offset into the middle of that
+	 * hash, and the in_window function above wouldn't match
+	 * don't allow an offset too close to the end of the file.
+	 */
+	if (!p->pack_size && p->pack_fd == -1 && open_packed_git(p))
+		die("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
+	if (offset > (p->pack_size - the_hash_algo->rawsz))
+		die("offset beyond end of packfile (truncated pack?)");
+	if (offset < 0)
+		die(_("offset before end of packfile (broken .idx?)"));
+
+	if (!win || !in_window(win, offset)) {
+		if (win)
+			win->inuse_cnt--;
+		for (win = p->windows; win; win = win->next) {
+			if (in_window(win, offset))
+				break;
+		}
+		if (!win) {
+			size_t window_align = packed_git_window_size / 2;
+			off_t len;
+
+			if (p->pack_fd == -1 && open_packed_git(p))
+				die("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
+
+			win = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*win));
+			win->offset = (offset / window_align) * window_align;
+			len = p->pack_size - win->offset;
+			if (len > packed_git_window_size)
+				len = packed_git_window_size;
+			win->len = (size_t)len;
+			pack_mapped += win->len;
+			while (packed_git_limit < pack_mapped
+				&& unuse_one_window(p))
+				; /* nothing */
+			win->base = xmmap(NULL, win->len,
+				PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE,
+				p->pack_fd, win->offset);
+			if (win->base == MAP_FAILED)
+				die_errno("packfile %s cannot be mapped",
+					  p->pack_name);
+			if (!win->offset && win->len == p->pack_size
+				&& !p->do_not_close)
+				close_pack_fd(p);
+			pack_mmap_calls++;
+			pack_open_windows++;
+			if (pack_mapped > peak_pack_mapped)
+				peak_pack_mapped = pack_mapped;
+			if (pack_open_windows > peak_pack_open_windows)
+				peak_pack_open_windows = pack_open_windows;
+			win->next = p->windows;
+			p->windows = win;
+		}
+	}
+	if (win != *w_cursor) {
+		win->last_used = pack_used_ctr++;
+		win->inuse_cnt++;
+		*w_cursor = win;
+	}
+	offset -= win->offset;
+	if (left)
+		*left = win->len - xsize_t(offset);
+	return win->base + offset;
+}
+
+void unuse_pack(struct pack_window **w_cursor)
+{
+	struct pack_window *w = *w_cursor;
+	if (w) {
+		w->inuse_cnt--;
+		*w_cursor = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+static void try_to_free_pack_memory(size_t size)
+{
+	release_pack_memory(size);
+}
+
+struct packed_git *add_packed_git(const char *path, size_t path_len, int local)
+{
+	static int have_set_try_to_free_routine;
+	struct stat st;
+	size_t alloc;
+	struct packed_git *p;
+
+	if (!have_set_try_to_free_routine) {
+		have_set_try_to_free_routine = 1;
+		set_try_to_free_routine(try_to_free_pack_memory);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Make sure a corresponding .pack file exists and that
+	 * the index looks sane.
+	 */
+	if (!strip_suffix_mem(path, &path_len, ".idx"))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * ".promisor" is long enough to hold any suffix we're adding (and
+	 * the use xsnprintf double-checks that)
+	 */
+	alloc = st_add3(path_len, strlen(".promisor"), 1);
+	p = alloc_packed_git(alloc);
+	memcpy(p->pack_name, path, path_len);
+
+	xsnprintf(p->pack_name + path_len, alloc - path_len, ".keep");
+	if (!access(p->pack_name, F_OK))
+		p->pack_keep = 1;
+
+	xsnprintf(p->pack_name + path_len, alloc - path_len, ".promisor");
+	if (!access(p->pack_name, F_OK))
+		p->pack_promisor = 1;
+
+	xsnprintf(p->pack_name + path_len, alloc - path_len, ".pack");
+	if (stat(p->pack_name, &st) || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
+		free(p);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* ok, it looks sane as far as we can check without
+	 * actually mapping the pack file.
+	 */
+	p->pack_size = st.st_size;
+	p->pack_local = local;
+	p->mtime = st.st_mtime;
+	if (path_len < the_hash_algo->hexsz ||
+	    get_sha1_hex(path + path_len - the_hash_algo->hexsz, p->sha1))
+		hashclr(p->sha1);
+	return p;
+}
+
+void install_packed_git(struct repository *r, struct packed_git *pack)
+{
+	if (pack->pack_fd != -1)
+		pack_open_fds++;
+
+	pack->next = r->objects->packed_git;
+	r->objects->packed_git = pack;
+}
+
+void (*report_garbage)(unsigned seen_bits, const char *path);
+
+static void report_helper(const struct string_list *list,
+			  int seen_bits, int first, int last)
+{
+	if (seen_bits == (PACKDIR_FILE_PACK|PACKDIR_FILE_IDX))
+		return;
+
+	for (; first < last; first++)
+		report_garbage(seen_bits, list->items[first].string);
+}
+
+static void report_pack_garbage(struct string_list *list)
+{
+	int i, baselen = -1, first = 0, seen_bits = 0;
+
+	if (!report_garbage)
+		return;
+
+	string_list_sort(list);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++) {
+		const char *path = list->items[i].string;
+		if (baselen != -1 &&
+		    strncmp(path, list->items[first].string, baselen)) {
+			report_helper(list, seen_bits, first, i);
+			baselen = -1;
+			seen_bits = 0;
+		}
+		if (baselen == -1) {
+			const char *dot = strrchr(path, '.');
+			if (!dot) {
+				report_garbage(PACKDIR_FILE_GARBAGE, path);
+				continue;
+			}
+			baselen = dot - path + 1;
+			first = i;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp(path + baselen, "pack"))
+			seen_bits |= 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(path + baselen, "idx"))
+			seen_bits |= 2;
+	}
+	report_helper(list, seen_bits, first, list->nr);
+}
+
+static void prepare_packed_git_one(struct repository *r, char *objdir, int local)
+{
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t dirnamelen;
+	DIR *dir;
+	struct dirent *de;
+	struct string_list garbage = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, objdir);
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, "/pack");
+	dir = opendir(path.buf);
+	if (!dir) {
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
+			error_errno("unable to open object pack directory: %s",
+				    path.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&path);
+		return;
+	}
+	strbuf_addch(&path, '/');
+	dirnamelen = path.len;
+	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+		struct packed_git *p;
+		size_t base_len;
+
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name))
+			continue;
+
+		strbuf_setlen(&path, dirnamelen);
+		strbuf_addstr(&path, de->d_name);
+
+		base_len = path.len;
+		if (strip_suffix_mem(path.buf, &base_len, ".idx")) {
+			/* Don't reopen a pack we already have. */
+			for (p = r->objects->packed_git; p;
+			     p = p->next) {
+				size_t len;
+				if (strip_suffix(p->pack_name, ".pack", &len) &&
+				    len == base_len &&
+				    !memcmp(p->pack_name, path.buf, len))
+					break;
+			}
+			if (p == NULL &&
+			    /*
+			     * See if it really is a valid .idx file with
+			     * corresponding .pack file that we can map.
+			     */
+			    (p = add_packed_git(path.buf, path.len, local)) != NULL)
+				install_packed_git(r, p);
+		}
+
+		if (!report_garbage)
+			continue;
+
+		if (ends_with(de->d_name, ".idx") ||
+		    ends_with(de->d_name, ".pack") ||
+		    ends_with(de->d_name, ".bitmap") ||
+		    ends_with(de->d_name, ".keep") ||
+		    ends_with(de->d_name, ".promisor"))
+			string_list_append(&garbage, path.buf);
+		else
+			report_garbage(PACKDIR_FILE_GARBAGE, path.buf);
+	}
+	closedir(dir);
+	report_pack_garbage(&garbage);
+	string_list_clear(&garbage, 0);
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+}
+
+static void prepare_packed_git(struct repository *r);
+/*
+ * Give a fast, rough count of the number of objects in the repository. This
+ * ignores loose objects completely. If you have a lot of them, then either
+ * you should repack because your performance will be awful, or they are
+ * all unreachable objects about to be pruned, in which case they're not really
+ * interesting as a measure of repo size in the first place.
+ */
+unsigned long approximate_object_count(void)
+{
+	if (!the_repository->objects->approximate_object_count_valid) {
+		unsigned long count;
+		struct packed_git *p;
+
+		prepare_packed_git(the_repository);
+		count = 0;
+		for (p = the_repository->objects->packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+			if (open_pack_index(p))
+				continue;
+			count += p->num_objects;
+		}
+		the_repository->objects->approximate_object_count = count;
+	}
+	return the_repository->objects->approximate_object_count;
+}
+
+static void *get_next_packed_git(const void *p)
+{
+	return ((const struct packed_git *)p)->next;
+}
+
+static void set_next_packed_git(void *p, void *next)
+{
+	((struct packed_git *)p)->next = next;
+}
+
+static int sort_pack(const void *a_, const void *b_)
+{
+	const struct packed_git *a = a_;
+	const struct packed_git *b = b_;
+	int st;
+
+	/*
+	 * Local packs tend to contain objects specific to our
+	 * variant of the project than remote ones.  In addition,
+	 * remote ones could be on a network mounted filesystem.
+	 * Favor local ones for these reasons.
+	 */
+	st = a->pack_local - b->pack_local;
+	if (st)
+		return -st;
+
+	/*
+	 * Younger packs tend to contain more recent objects,
+	 * and more recent objects tend to get accessed more
+	 * often.
+	 */
+	if (a->mtime < b->mtime)
+		return 1;
+	else if (a->mtime == b->mtime)
+		return 0;
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static void rearrange_packed_git(struct repository *r)
+{
+	r->objects->packed_git = llist_mergesort(
+		r->objects->packed_git, get_next_packed_git,
+		set_next_packed_git, sort_pack);
+}
+
+static void prepare_packed_git_mru(struct repository *r)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p;
+
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&r->objects->packed_git_mru);
+
+	for (p = r->objects->packed_git; p; p = p->next)
+		list_add_tail(&p->mru, &r->objects->packed_git_mru);
+}
+
+static void prepare_packed_git(struct repository *r)
+{
+	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
+
+	if (r->objects->packed_git_initialized)
+		return;
+	prepare_packed_git_one(r, r->objects->objectdir, 1);
+	prepare_alt_odb(r);
+	for (alt = r->objects->alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next)
+		prepare_packed_git_one(r, alt->path, 0);
+	rearrange_packed_git(r);
+	prepare_packed_git_mru(r);
+	r->objects->packed_git_initialized = 1;
+}
+
+void reprepare_packed_git(struct repository *r)
+{
+	r->objects->approximate_object_count_valid = 0;
+	r->objects->packed_git_initialized = 0;
+	prepare_packed_git(r);
+}
+
+struct packed_git *get_packed_git(struct repository *r)
+{
+	prepare_packed_git(r);
+	return r->objects->packed_git;
+}
+
+struct list_head *get_packed_git_mru(struct repository *r)
+{
+	prepare_packed_git(r);
+	return &r->objects->packed_git_mru;
+}
+
+unsigned long unpack_object_header_buffer(const unsigned char *buf,
+		unsigned long len, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *sizep)
+{
+	unsigned shift;
+	unsigned long size, c;
+	unsigned long used = 0;
+
+	c = buf[used++];
+	*type = (c >> 4) & 7;
+	size = c & 15;
+	shift = 4;
+	while (c & 0x80) {
+		if (len <= used || bitsizeof(long) <= shift) {
+			error("bad object header");
+			size = used = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+		c = buf[used++];
+		size += (c & 0x7f) << shift;
+		shift += 7;
+	}
+	*sizep = size;
+	return used;
+}
+
+unsigned long get_size_from_delta(struct packed_git *p,
+				  struct pack_window **w_curs,
+				  off_t curpos)
+{
+	const unsigned char *data;
+	unsigned char delta_head[20], *in;
+	git_zstream stream;
+	int st;
+
+	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
+	stream.next_out = delta_head;
+	stream.avail_out = sizeof(delta_head);
+
+	git_inflate_init(&stream);
+	do {
+		in = use_pack(p, w_curs, curpos, &stream.avail_in);
+		stream.next_in = in;
+		st = git_inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
+		curpos += stream.next_in - in;
+	} while ((st == Z_OK || st == Z_BUF_ERROR) &&
+		 stream.total_out < sizeof(delta_head));
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
+	if ((st != Z_STREAM_END) && stream.total_out != sizeof(delta_head)) {
+		error("delta data unpack-initial failed");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Examine the initial part of the delta to figure out
+	 * the result size.
+	 */
+	data = delta_head;
+
+	/* ignore base size */
+	get_delta_hdr_size(&data, delta_head+sizeof(delta_head));
+
+	/* Read the result size */
+	return get_delta_hdr_size(&data, delta_head+sizeof(delta_head));
+}
+
+int unpack_object_header(struct packed_git *p,
+			 struct pack_window **w_curs,
+			 off_t *curpos,
+			 unsigned long *sizep)
+{
+	unsigned char *base;
+	unsigned long left;
+	unsigned long used;
+	enum object_type type;
+
+	/* use_pack() assures us we have [base, base + 20) available
+	 * as a range that we can look at.  (Its actually the hash
+	 * size that is assured.)  With our object header encoding
+	 * the maximum deflated object size is 2^137, which is just
+	 * insane, so we know won't exceed what we have been given.
+	 */
+	base = use_pack(p, w_curs, *curpos, &left);
+	used = unpack_object_header_buffer(base, left, &type, sizep);
+	if (!used) {
+		type = OBJ_BAD;
+	} else
+		*curpos += used;
+
+	return type;
+}
+
+void mark_bad_packed_object(struct packed_git *p, const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	unsigned i;
+	for (i = 0; i < p->num_bad_objects; i++)
+		if (!hashcmp(sha1, p->bad_object_sha1 + GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ * i))
+			return;
+	p->bad_object_sha1 = xrealloc(p->bad_object_sha1,
+				      st_mult(GIT_MAX_RAWSZ,
+					      st_add(p->num_bad_objects, 1)));
+	hashcpy(p->bad_object_sha1 + GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ * p->num_bad_objects, sha1);
+	p->num_bad_objects++;
+}
+
+const struct packed_git *has_packed_and_bad(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p;
+	unsigned i;
+
+	for (p = the_repository->objects->packed_git; p; p = p->next)
+		for (i = 0; i < p->num_bad_objects; i++)
+			if (!hashcmp(sha1,
+				     p->bad_object_sha1 + the_hash_algo->rawsz * i))
+				return p;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static off_t get_delta_base(struct packed_git *p,
+				    struct pack_window **w_curs,
+				    off_t *curpos,
+				    enum object_type type,
+				    off_t delta_obj_offset)
+{
+	unsigned char *base_info = use_pack(p, w_curs, *curpos, NULL);
+	off_t base_offset;
+
+	/* use_pack() assured us we have [base_info, base_info + 20)
+	 * as a range that we can look at without walking off the
+	 * end of the mapped window.  Its actually the hash size
+	 * that is assured.  An OFS_DELTA longer than the hash size
+	 * is stupid, as then a REF_DELTA would be smaller to store.
+	 */
+	if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
+		unsigned used = 0;
+		unsigned char c = base_info[used++];
+		base_offset = c & 127;
+		while (c & 128) {
+			base_offset += 1;
+			if (!base_offset || MSB(base_offset, 7))
+				return 0;  /* overflow */
+			c = base_info[used++];
+			base_offset = (base_offset << 7) + (c & 127);
+		}
+		base_offset = delta_obj_offset - base_offset;
+		if (base_offset <= 0 || base_offset >= delta_obj_offset)
+			return 0;  /* out of bound */
+		*curpos += used;
+	} else if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+		/* The base entry _must_ be in the same pack */
+		base_offset = find_pack_entry_one(base_info, p);
+		*curpos += the_hash_algo->rawsz;
+	} else
+		die("I am totally screwed");
+	return base_offset;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Like get_delta_base above, but we return the sha1 instead of the pack
+ * offset. This means it is cheaper for REF deltas (we do not have to do
+ * the final object lookup), but more expensive for OFS deltas (we
+ * have to load the revidx to convert the offset back into a sha1).
+ */
+static const unsigned char *get_delta_base_sha1(struct packed_git *p,
+						struct pack_window **w_curs,
+						off_t curpos,
+						enum object_type type,
+						off_t delta_obj_offset)
+{
+	if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+		unsigned char *base = use_pack(p, w_curs, curpos, NULL);
+		return base;
+	} else if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
+		struct revindex_entry *revidx;
+		off_t base_offset = get_delta_base(p, w_curs, &curpos,
+						   type, delta_obj_offset);
+
+		if (!base_offset)
+			return NULL;
+
+		revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, base_offset);
+		if (!revidx)
+			return NULL;
+
+		return nth_packed_object_sha1(p, revidx->nr);
+	} else
+		return NULL;
+}
+
+static int retry_bad_packed_offset(struct repository *r,
+				   struct packed_git *p,
+				   off_t obj_offset)
+{
+	int type;
+	struct revindex_entry *revidx;
+	struct object_id oid;
+	revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, obj_offset);
+	if (!revidx)
+		return OBJ_BAD;
+	nth_packed_object_oid(&oid, p, revidx->nr);
+	mark_bad_packed_object(p, oid.hash);
+	type = oid_object_info(r, &oid, NULL);
+	if (type <= OBJ_NONE)
+		return OBJ_BAD;
+	return type;
+}
+
+#define POI_STACK_PREALLOC 64
+
+static enum object_type packed_to_object_type(struct repository *r,
+					      struct packed_git *p,
+					      off_t obj_offset,
+					      enum object_type type,
+					      struct pack_window **w_curs,
+					      off_t curpos)
+{
+	off_t small_poi_stack[POI_STACK_PREALLOC];
+	off_t *poi_stack = small_poi_stack;
+	int poi_stack_nr = 0, poi_stack_alloc = POI_STACK_PREALLOC;
+
+	while (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA || type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+		off_t base_offset;
+		unsigned long size;
+		/* Push the object we're going to leave behind */
+		if (poi_stack_nr >= poi_stack_alloc && poi_stack == small_poi_stack) {
+			poi_stack_alloc = alloc_nr(poi_stack_nr);
+			ALLOC_ARRAY(poi_stack, poi_stack_alloc);
+			memcpy(poi_stack, small_poi_stack, sizeof(off_t)*poi_stack_nr);
+		} else {
+			ALLOC_GROW(poi_stack, poi_stack_nr+1, poi_stack_alloc);
+		}
+		poi_stack[poi_stack_nr++] = obj_offset;
+		/* If parsing the base offset fails, just unwind */
+		base_offset = get_delta_base(p, w_curs, &curpos, type, obj_offset);
+		if (!base_offset)
+			goto unwind;
+		curpos = obj_offset = base_offset;
+		type = unpack_object_header(p, w_curs, &curpos, &size);
+		if (type <= OBJ_NONE) {
+			/* If getting the base itself fails, we first
+			 * retry the base, otherwise unwind */
+			type = retry_bad_packed_offset(r, p, base_offset);
+			if (type > OBJ_NONE)
+				goto out;
+			goto unwind;
+		}
+	}
+
+	switch (type) {
+	case OBJ_BAD:
+	case OBJ_COMMIT:
+	case OBJ_TREE:
+	case OBJ_BLOB:
+	case OBJ_TAG:
+		break;
+	default:
+		error("unknown object type %i at offset %"PRIuMAX" in %s",
+		      type, (uintmax_t)obj_offset, p->pack_name);
+		type = OBJ_BAD;
+	}
+
+out:
+	if (poi_stack != small_poi_stack)
+		free(poi_stack);
+	return type;
+
+unwind:
+	while (poi_stack_nr) {
+		obj_offset = poi_stack[--poi_stack_nr];
+		type = retry_bad_packed_offset(r, p, obj_offset);
+		if (type > OBJ_NONE)
+			goto out;
+	}
+	type = OBJ_BAD;
+	goto out;
+}
+
+static struct hashmap delta_base_cache;
+static size_t delta_base_cached;
+
+static LIST_HEAD(delta_base_cache_lru);
+
+struct delta_base_cache_key {
+	struct packed_git *p;
+	off_t base_offset;
+};
+
+struct delta_base_cache_entry {
+	struct hashmap hash;
+	struct delta_base_cache_key key;
+	struct list_head lru;
+	void *data;
+	unsigned long size;
+	enum object_type type;
+};
+
+static unsigned int pack_entry_hash(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset)
+{
+	unsigned int hash;
+
+	hash = (unsigned int)(intptr_t)p + (unsigned int)base_offset;
+	hash += (hash >> 8) + (hash >> 16);
+	return hash;
+}
+
+static struct delta_base_cache_entry *
+get_delta_base_cache_entry(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset)
+{
+	struct hashmap_entry entry;
+	struct delta_base_cache_key key;
+
+	if (!delta_base_cache.cmpfn)
+		return NULL;
+
+	hashmap_entry_init(&entry, pack_entry_hash(p, base_offset));
+	key.p = p;
+	key.base_offset = base_offset;
+	return hashmap_get(&delta_base_cache, &entry, &key);
+}
+
+static int delta_base_cache_key_eq(const struct delta_base_cache_key *a,
+				   const struct delta_base_cache_key *b)
+{
+	return a->p == b->p && a->base_offset == b->base_offset;
+}
+
+static int delta_base_cache_hash_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+				     const void *va, const void *vb,
+				     const void *vkey)
+{
+	const struct delta_base_cache_entry *a = va, *b = vb;
+	const struct delta_base_cache_key *key = vkey;
+	if (key)
+		return !delta_base_cache_key_eq(&a->key, key);
+	else
+		return !delta_base_cache_key_eq(&a->key, &b->key);
+}
+
+static int in_delta_base_cache(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset)
+{
+	return !!get_delta_base_cache_entry(p, base_offset);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Remove the entry from the cache, but do _not_ free the associated
+ * entry data. The caller takes ownership of the "data" buffer, and
+ * should copy out any fields it wants before detaching.
+ */
+static void detach_delta_base_cache_entry(struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent)
+{
+	hashmap_remove(&delta_base_cache, ent, &ent->key);
+	list_del(&ent->lru);
+	delta_base_cached -= ent->size;
+	free(ent);
+}
+
+static void *cache_or_unpack_entry(struct repository *r, struct packed_git *p,
+				   off_t base_offset, unsigned long *base_size,
+				   enum object_type *type)
+{
+	struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent;
+
+	ent = get_delta_base_cache_entry(p, base_offset);
+	if (!ent)
+		return unpack_entry(r, p, base_offset, type, base_size);
+
+	if (type)
+		*type = ent->type;
+	if (base_size)
+		*base_size = ent->size;
+	return xmemdupz(ent->data, ent->size);
+}
+
+static inline void release_delta_base_cache(struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent)
+{
+	free(ent->data);
+	detach_delta_base_cache_entry(ent);
+}
+
+void clear_delta_base_cache(void)
+{
+	struct list_head *lru, *tmp;
+	list_for_each_safe(lru, tmp, &delta_base_cache_lru) {
+		struct delta_base_cache_entry *entry =
+			list_entry(lru, struct delta_base_cache_entry, lru);
+		release_delta_base_cache(entry);
+	}
+}
+
+static void add_delta_base_cache(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset,
+	void *base, unsigned long base_size, enum object_type type)
+{
+	struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent = xmalloc(sizeof(*ent));
+	struct list_head *lru, *tmp;
+
+	delta_base_cached += base_size;
+
+	list_for_each_safe(lru, tmp, &delta_base_cache_lru) {
+		struct delta_base_cache_entry *f =
+			list_entry(lru, struct delta_base_cache_entry, lru);
+		if (delta_base_cached <= delta_base_cache_limit)
+			break;
+		release_delta_base_cache(f);
+	}
+
+	ent->key.p = p;
+	ent->key.base_offset = base_offset;
+	ent->type = type;
+	ent->data = base;
+	ent->size = base_size;
+	list_add_tail(&ent->lru, &delta_base_cache_lru);
+
+	if (!delta_base_cache.cmpfn)
+		hashmap_init(&delta_base_cache, delta_base_cache_hash_cmp, NULL, 0);
+	hashmap_entry_init(ent, pack_entry_hash(p, base_offset));
+	hashmap_add(&delta_base_cache, ent);
+}
+
+int packed_object_info(struct repository *r, struct packed_git *p,
+		       off_t obj_offset, struct object_info *oi)
+{
+	struct pack_window *w_curs = NULL;
+	unsigned long size;
+	off_t curpos = obj_offset;
+	enum object_type type;
+
+	/*
+	 * We always get the representation type, but only convert it to
+	 * a "real" type later if the caller is interested.
+	 */
+	if (oi->contentp) {
+		*oi->contentp = cache_or_unpack_entry(r, p, obj_offset, oi->sizep,
+						      &type);
+		if (!*oi->contentp)
+			type = OBJ_BAD;
+	} else {
+		type = unpack_object_header(p, &w_curs, &curpos, &size);
+	}
+
+	if (!oi->contentp && oi->sizep) {
+		if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA || type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+			off_t tmp_pos = curpos;
+			off_t base_offset = get_delta_base(p, &w_curs, &tmp_pos,
+							   type, obj_offset);
+			if (!base_offset) {
+				type = OBJ_BAD;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			*oi->sizep = get_size_from_delta(p, &w_curs, tmp_pos);
+			if (*oi->sizep == 0) {
+				type = OBJ_BAD;
+				goto out;
+			}
+		} else {
+			*oi->sizep = size;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (oi->disk_sizep) {
+		struct revindex_entry *revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, obj_offset);
+		*oi->disk_sizep = revidx[1].offset - obj_offset;
+	}
+
+	if (oi->typep || oi->type_name) {
+		enum object_type ptot;
+		ptot = packed_to_object_type(r, p, obj_offset,
+					     type, &w_curs, curpos);
+		if (oi->typep)
+			*oi->typep = ptot;
+		if (oi->type_name) {
+			const char *tn = type_name(ptot);
+			if (tn)
+				strbuf_addstr(oi->type_name, tn);
+		}
+		if (ptot < 0) {
+			type = OBJ_BAD;
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (oi->delta_base_sha1) {
+		if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA || type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+			const unsigned char *base;
+
+			base = get_delta_base_sha1(p, &w_curs, curpos,
+						   type, obj_offset);
+			if (!base) {
+				type = OBJ_BAD;
+				goto out;
+			}
+
+			hashcpy(oi->delta_base_sha1, base);
+		} else
+			hashclr(oi->delta_base_sha1);
+	}
+
+	oi->whence = in_delta_base_cache(p, obj_offset) ? OI_DBCACHED :
+							  OI_PACKED;
+
+out:
+	unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+	return type;
+}
+
+static void *unpack_compressed_entry(struct packed_git *p,
+				    struct pack_window **w_curs,
+				    off_t curpos,
+				    unsigned long size)
+{
+	int st;
+	git_zstream stream;
+	unsigned char *buffer, *in;
+
+	buffer = xmallocz_gently(size);
+	if (!buffer)
+		return NULL;
+	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
+	stream.next_out = buffer;
+	stream.avail_out = size + 1;
+
+	git_inflate_init(&stream);
+	do {
+		in = use_pack(p, w_curs, curpos, &stream.avail_in);
+		stream.next_in = in;
+		st = git_inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
+		if (!stream.avail_out)
+			break; /* the payload is larger than it should be */
+		curpos += stream.next_in - in;
+	} while (st == Z_OK || st == Z_BUF_ERROR);
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
+	if ((st != Z_STREAM_END) || stream.total_out != size) {
+		free(buffer);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* versions of zlib can clobber unconsumed portion of outbuf */
+	buffer[size] = '\0';
+
+	return buffer;
+}
+
+static void write_pack_access_log(struct packed_git *p, off_t obj_offset)
+{
+	static struct trace_key pack_access = TRACE_KEY_INIT(PACK_ACCESS);
+	trace_printf_key(&pack_access, "%s %"PRIuMAX"\n",
+			 p->pack_name, (uintmax_t)obj_offset);
+}
+
+int do_check_packed_object_crc;
+
+#define UNPACK_ENTRY_STACK_PREALLOC 64
+struct unpack_entry_stack_ent {
+	off_t obj_offset;
+	off_t curpos;
+	unsigned long size;
+};
+
+static void *read_object(struct repository *r,
+			 const struct object_id *oid,
+			 enum object_type *type,
+			 unsigned long *size)
+{
+	struct object_info oi = OBJECT_INFO_INIT;
+	void *content;
+	oi.typep = type;
+	oi.sizep = size;
+	oi.contentp = &content;
+
+	if (oid_object_info_extended(r, oid, &oi, 0) < 0)
+		return NULL;
+	return content;
+}
+
+void *unpack_entry(struct repository *r, struct packed_git *p, off_t obj_offset,
+		   enum object_type *final_type, unsigned long *final_size)
+{
+	struct pack_window *w_curs = NULL;
+	off_t curpos = obj_offset;
+	void *data = NULL;
+	unsigned long size;
+	enum object_type type;
+	struct unpack_entry_stack_ent small_delta_stack[UNPACK_ENTRY_STACK_PREALLOC];
+	struct unpack_entry_stack_ent *delta_stack = small_delta_stack;
+	int delta_stack_nr = 0, delta_stack_alloc = UNPACK_ENTRY_STACK_PREALLOC;
+	int base_from_cache = 0;
+
+	write_pack_access_log(p, obj_offset);
+
+	/* PHASE 1: drill down to the innermost base object */
+	for (;;) {
+		off_t base_offset;
+		int i;
+		struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent;
+
+		ent = get_delta_base_cache_entry(p, curpos);
+		if (ent) {
+			type = ent->type;
+			data = ent->data;
+			size = ent->size;
+			detach_delta_base_cache_entry(ent);
+			base_from_cache = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (do_check_packed_object_crc && p->index_version > 1) {
+			struct revindex_entry *revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, obj_offset);
+			off_t len = revidx[1].offset - obj_offset;
+			if (check_pack_crc(p, &w_curs, obj_offset, len, revidx->nr)) {
+				struct object_id oid;
+				nth_packed_object_oid(&oid, p, revidx->nr);
+				error("bad packed object CRC for %s",
+				      oid_to_hex(&oid));
+				mark_bad_packed_object(p, oid.hash);
+				data = NULL;
+				goto out;
+			}
+		}
+
+		type = unpack_object_header(p, &w_curs, &curpos, &size);
+		if (type != OBJ_OFS_DELTA && type != OBJ_REF_DELTA)
+			break;
+
+		base_offset = get_delta_base(p, &w_curs, &curpos, type, obj_offset);
+		if (!base_offset) {
+			error("failed to validate delta base reference "
+			      "at offset %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
+			      (uintmax_t)curpos, p->pack_name);
+			/* bail to phase 2, in hopes of recovery */
+			data = NULL;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/* push object, proceed to base */
+		if (delta_stack_nr >= delta_stack_alloc
+		    && delta_stack == small_delta_stack) {
+			delta_stack_alloc = alloc_nr(delta_stack_nr);
+			ALLOC_ARRAY(delta_stack, delta_stack_alloc);
+			memcpy(delta_stack, small_delta_stack,
+			       sizeof(*delta_stack)*delta_stack_nr);
+		} else {
+			ALLOC_GROW(delta_stack, delta_stack_nr+1, delta_stack_alloc);
+		}
+		i = delta_stack_nr++;
+		delta_stack[i].obj_offset = obj_offset;
+		delta_stack[i].curpos = curpos;
+		delta_stack[i].size = size;
+
+		curpos = obj_offset = base_offset;
+	}
+
+	/* PHASE 2: handle the base */
+	switch (type) {
+	case OBJ_OFS_DELTA:
+	case OBJ_REF_DELTA:
+		if (data)
+			BUG("unpack_entry: left loop at a valid delta");
+		break;
+	case OBJ_COMMIT:
+	case OBJ_TREE:
+	case OBJ_BLOB:
+	case OBJ_TAG:
+		if (!base_from_cache)
+			data = unpack_compressed_entry(p, &w_curs, curpos, size);
+		break;
+	default:
+		data = NULL;
+		error("unknown object type %i at offset %"PRIuMAX" in %s",
+		      type, (uintmax_t)obj_offset, p->pack_name);
+	}
+
+	/* PHASE 3: apply deltas in order */
+
+	/* invariants:
+	 *   'data' holds the base data, or NULL if there was corruption
+	 */
+	while (delta_stack_nr) {
+		void *delta_data;
+		void *base = data;
+		void *external_base = NULL;
+		unsigned long delta_size, base_size = size;
+		int i;
+
+		data = NULL;
+
+		if (base)
+			add_delta_base_cache(p, obj_offset, base, base_size, type);
+
+		if (!base) {
+			/*
+			 * We're probably in deep shit, but let's try to fetch
+			 * the required base anyway from another pack or loose.
+			 * This is costly but should happen only in the presence
+			 * of a corrupted pack, and is better than failing outright.
+			 */
+			struct revindex_entry *revidx;
+			struct object_id base_oid;
+			revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, obj_offset);
+			if (revidx) {
+				nth_packed_object_oid(&base_oid, p, revidx->nr);
+				error("failed to read delta base object %s"
+				      " at offset %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
+				      oid_to_hex(&base_oid), (uintmax_t)obj_offset,
+				      p->pack_name);
+				mark_bad_packed_object(p, base_oid.hash);
+				base = read_object(r, &base_oid, &type, &base_size);
+				external_base = base;
+			}
+		}
+
+		i = --delta_stack_nr;
+		obj_offset = delta_stack[i].obj_offset;
+		curpos = delta_stack[i].curpos;
+		delta_size = delta_stack[i].size;
+
+		if (!base)
+			continue;
+
+		delta_data = unpack_compressed_entry(p, &w_curs, curpos, delta_size);
+
+		if (!delta_data) {
+			error("failed to unpack compressed delta "
+			      "at offset %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
+			      (uintmax_t)curpos, p->pack_name);
+			data = NULL;
+			free(external_base);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		data = patch_delta(base, base_size,
+				   delta_data, delta_size,
+				   &size);
+
+		/*
+		 * We could not apply the delta; warn the user, but keep going.
+		 * Our failure will be noticed either in the next iteration of
+		 * the loop, or if this is the final delta, in the caller when
+		 * we return NULL. Those code paths will take care of making
+		 * a more explicit warning and retrying with another copy of
+		 * the object.
+		 */
+		if (!data)
+			error("failed to apply delta");
+
+		free(delta_data);
+		free(external_base);
+	}
+
+	if (final_type)
+		*final_type = type;
+	if (final_size)
+		*final_size = size;
+
+out:
+	unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+
+	if (delta_stack != small_delta_stack)
+		free(delta_stack);
+
+	return data;
+}
+
+int bsearch_pack(const struct object_id *oid, const struct packed_git *p, uint32_t *result)
+{
+	const unsigned char *index_fanout = p->index_data;
+	const unsigned char *index_lookup;
+	const unsigned int hashsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
+	int index_lookup_width;
+
+	if (!index_fanout)
+		BUG("bsearch_pack called without a valid pack-index");
+
+	index_lookup = index_fanout + 4 * 256;
+	if (p->index_version == 1) {
+		index_lookup_width = hashsz + 4;
+		index_lookup += 4;
+	} else {
+		index_lookup_width = hashsz;
+		index_fanout += 8;
+		index_lookup += 8;
+	}
+
+	return bsearch_hash(oid->hash, (const uint32_t*)index_fanout,
+			    index_lookup, index_lookup_width, result);
+}
+
+const unsigned char *nth_packed_object_sha1(struct packed_git *p,
+					    uint32_t n)
+{
+	const unsigned char *index = p->index_data;
+	const unsigned int hashsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
+	if (!index) {
+		if (open_pack_index(p))
+			return NULL;
+		index = p->index_data;
+	}
+	if (n >= p->num_objects)
+		return NULL;
+	index += 4 * 256;
+	if (p->index_version == 1) {
+		return index + (hashsz + 4) * n + 4;
+	} else {
+		index += 8;
+		return index + hashsz * n;
+	}
+}
+
+const struct object_id *nth_packed_object_oid(struct object_id *oid,
+					      struct packed_git *p,
+					      uint32_t n)
+{
+	const unsigned char *hash = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, n);
+	if (!hash)
+		return NULL;
+	hashcpy(oid->hash, hash);
+	return oid;
+}
+
+void check_pack_index_ptr(const struct packed_git *p, const void *vptr)
+{
+	const unsigned char *ptr = vptr;
+	const unsigned char *start = p->index_data;
+	const unsigned char *end = start + p->index_size;
+	if (ptr < start)
+		die(_("offset before start of pack index for %s (corrupt index?)"),
+		    p->pack_name);
+	/* No need to check for underflow; .idx files must be at least 8 bytes */
+	if (ptr >= end - 8)
+		die(_("offset beyond end of pack index for %s (truncated index?)"),
+		    p->pack_name);
+}
+
+off_t nth_packed_object_offset(const struct packed_git *p, uint32_t n)
+{
+	const unsigned char *index = p->index_data;
+	const unsigned int hashsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
+	index += 4 * 256;
+	if (p->index_version == 1) {
+		return ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(index + (hashsz + 4) * n)));
+	} else {
+		uint32_t off;
+		index += 8 + p->num_objects * (hashsz + 4);
+		off = ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(index + 4 * n)));
+		if (!(off & 0x80000000))
+			return off;
+		index += p->num_objects * 4 + (off & 0x7fffffff) * 8;
+		check_pack_index_ptr(p, index);
+		return get_be64(index);
+	}
+}
+
+off_t find_pack_entry_one(const unsigned char *sha1,
+				  struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	const unsigned char *index = p->index_data;
+	struct object_id oid;
+	uint32_t result;
+
+	if (!index) {
+		if (open_pack_index(p))
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	hashcpy(oid.hash, sha1);
+	if (bsearch_pack(&oid, p, &result))
+		return nth_packed_object_offset(p, result);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int is_pack_valid(struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	/* An already open pack is known to be valid. */
+	if (p->pack_fd != -1)
+		return 1;
+
+	/* If the pack has one window completely covering the
+	 * file size, the pack is known to be valid even if
+	 * the descriptor is not currently open.
+	 */
+	if (p->windows) {
+		struct pack_window *w = p->windows;
+
+		if (!w->offset && w->len == p->pack_size)
+			return 1;
+	}
+
+	/* Force the pack to open to prove its valid. */
+	return !open_packed_git(p);
+}
+
+struct packed_git *find_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1,
+				  struct packed_git *packs)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p;
+
+	for (p = packs; p; p = p->next) {
+		if (find_pack_entry_one(sha1, p))
+			return p;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+
+}
+
+static int fill_pack_entry(const struct object_id *oid,
+			   struct pack_entry *e,
+			   struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	off_t offset;
+
+	if (p->num_bad_objects) {
+		unsigned i;
+		for (i = 0; i < p->num_bad_objects; i++)
+			if (!hashcmp(oid->hash,
+				     p->bad_object_sha1 + the_hash_algo->rawsz * i))
+				return 0;
+	}
+
+	offset = find_pack_entry_one(oid->hash, p);
+	if (!offset)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * We are about to tell the caller where they can locate the
+	 * requested object.  We better make sure the packfile is
+	 * still here and can be accessed before supplying that
+	 * answer, as it may have been deleted since the index was
+	 * loaded!
+	 */
+	if (!is_pack_valid(p))
+		return 0;
+	e->offset = offset;
+	e->p = p;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int find_pack_entry(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid, struct pack_entry *e)
+{
+	struct list_head *pos;
+
+	prepare_packed_git(r);
+	if (!r->objects->packed_git)
+		return 0;
+
+	list_for_each(pos, &r->objects->packed_git_mru) {
+		struct packed_git *p = list_entry(pos, struct packed_git, mru);
+		if (fill_pack_entry(oid, e, p)) {
+			list_move(&p->mru, &r->objects->packed_git_mru);
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int has_object_pack(const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	struct pack_entry e;
+	return find_pack_entry(the_repository, oid, &e);
+}
+
+int has_pack_index(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	if (stat(sha1_pack_index_name(sha1), &st))
+		return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int for_each_object_in_pack(struct packed_git *p,
+			    each_packed_object_fn cb, void *data,
+			    enum for_each_object_flags flags)
+{
+	uint32_t i;
+	int r = 0;
+
+	if (flags & FOR_EACH_OBJECT_PACK_ORDER)
+		load_pack_revindex(p);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < p->num_objects; i++) {
+		uint32_t pos;
+		struct object_id oid;
+
+		if (flags & FOR_EACH_OBJECT_PACK_ORDER)
+			pos = p->revindex[i].nr;
+		else
+			pos = i;
+
+		if (!nth_packed_object_oid(&oid, p, pos))
+			return error("unable to get sha1 of object %u in %s",
+				     pos, p->pack_name);
+
+		r = cb(&oid, p, pos, data);
+		if (r)
+			break;
+	}
+	return r;
+}
+
+int for_each_packed_object(each_packed_object_fn cb, void *data,
+			   enum for_each_object_flags flags)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p;
+	int r = 0;
+	int pack_errors = 0;
+
+	prepare_packed_git(the_repository);
+	for (p = the_repository->objects->packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+		if ((flags & FOR_EACH_OBJECT_LOCAL_ONLY) && !p->pack_local)
+			continue;
+		if ((flags & FOR_EACH_OBJECT_PROMISOR_ONLY) &&
+		    !p->pack_promisor)
+			continue;
+		if (open_pack_index(p)) {
+			pack_errors = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		r = for_each_object_in_pack(p, cb, data, flags);
+		if (r)
+			break;
+	}
+	return r ? r : pack_errors;
+}
+
+static int add_promisor_object(const struct object_id *oid,
+			       struct packed_git *pack,
+			       uint32_t pos,
+			       void *set_)
+{
+	struct oidset *set = set_;
+	struct object *obj = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
+	if (!obj)
+		return 1;
+
+	oidset_insert(set, oid);
+
+	/*
+	 * If this is a tree, commit, or tag, the objects it refers
+	 * to are also promisor objects. (Blobs refer to no objects->)
+	 */
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
+		struct tree *tree = (struct tree *)obj;
+		struct tree_desc desc;
+		struct name_entry entry;
+		if (init_tree_desc_gently(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size))
+			/*
+			 * Error messages are given when packs are
+			 * verified, so do not print any here.
+			 */
+			return 0;
+		while (tree_entry_gently(&desc, &entry))
+			oidset_insert(set, entry.oid);
+	} else if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
+		struct commit *commit = (struct commit *) obj;
+		struct commit_list *parents = commit->parents;
+
+		oidset_insert(set, get_commit_tree_oid(commit));
+		for (; parents; parents = parents->next)
+			oidset_insert(set, &parents->item->object.oid);
+	} else if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
+		struct tag *tag = (struct tag *) obj;
+		oidset_insert(set, &tag->tagged->oid);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int is_promisor_object(const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	static struct oidset promisor_objects;
+	static int promisor_objects_prepared;
+
+	if (!promisor_objects_prepared) {
+		if (repository_format_partial_clone) {
+			for_each_packed_object(add_promisor_object,
+					       &promisor_objects,
+					       FOR_EACH_OBJECT_PROMISOR_ONLY);
+		}
+		promisor_objects_prepared = 1;
+	}
+	return oidset_contains(&promisor_objects, oid);
+}
diff --git a/packfile.h b/packfile.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..630f35cf31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packfile.h
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+#ifndef PACKFILE_H
+#define PACKFILE_H
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "oidset.h"
+
+/* in object-store.h */
+struct packed_git;
+struct object_info;
+
+/*
+ * Generate the filename to be used for a pack file with checksum "sha1" and
+ * extension "ext". The result is written into the strbuf "buf", overwriting
+ * any existing contents. A pointer to buf->buf is returned as a convenience.
+ *
+ * Example: odb_pack_name(out, sha1, "idx") => ".git/objects/pack/pack-1234..idx"
+ */
+extern char *odb_pack_name(struct strbuf *buf, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *ext);
+
+/*
+ * Return the name of the (local) packfile with the specified sha1 in
+ * its name.  The return value is a pointer to memory that is
+ * overwritten each time this function is called.
+ */
+extern char *sha1_pack_name(const unsigned char *sha1);
+
+/*
+ * Return the name of the (local) pack index file with the specified
+ * sha1 in its name.  The return value is a pointer to memory that is
+ * overwritten each time this function is called.
+ */
+extern char *sha1_pack_index_name(const unsigned char *sha1);
+
+extern struct packed_git *parse_pack_index(unsigned char *sha1, const char *idx_path);
+
+/* A hook to report invalid files in pack directory */
+#define PACKDIR_FILE_PACK 1
+#define PACKDIR_FILE_IDX 2
+#define PACKDIR_FILE_GARBAGE 4
+extern void (*report_garbage)(unsigned seen_bits, const char *path);
+
+extern void reprepare_packed_git(struct repository *r);
+extern void install_packed_git(struct repository *r, struct packed_git *pack);
+
+struct packed_git *get_packed_git(struct repository *r);
+struct list_head *get_packed_git_mru(struct repository *r);
+
+/*
+ * Give a rough count of objects in the repository. This sacrifices accuracy
+ * for speed.
+ */
+unsigned long approximate_object_count(void);
+
+extern struct packed_git *find_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1,
+					 struct packed_git *packs);
+
+extern void pack_report(void);
+
+/*
+ * mmap the index file for the specified packfile (if it is not
+ * already mmapped).  Return 0 on success.
+ */
+extern int open_pack_index(struct packed_git *);
+
+/*
+ * munmap the index file for the specified packfile (if it is
+ * currently mmapped).
+ */
+extern void close_pack_index(struct packed_git *);
+
+extern unsigned char *use_pack(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t, unsigned long *);
+extern void close_pack_windows(struct packed_git *);
+extern void close_pack(struct packed_git *);
+extern void close_all_packs(struct raw_object_store *o);
+extern void unuse_pack(struct pack_window **);
+extern void clear_delta_base_cache(void);
+extern struct packed_git *add_packed_git(const char *path, size_t path_len, int local);
+
+/*
+ * Make sure that a pointer access into an mmap'd index file is within bounds,
+ * and can provide at least 8 bytes of data.
+ *
+ * Note that this is only necessary for variable-length segments of the file
+ * (like the 64-bit extended offset table), as we compare the size to the
+ * fixed-length parts when we open the file.
+ */
+extern void check_pack_index_ptr(const struct packed_git *p, const void *ptr);
+
+/*
+ * Perform binary search on a pack-index for a given oid. Packfile is expected to
+ * have a valid pack-index.
+ *
+ * See 'bsearch_hash' for more information.
+ */
+int bsearch_pack(const struct object_id *oid, const struct packed_git *p, uint32_t *result);
+
+/*
+ * Return the SHA-1 of the nth object within the specified packfile.
+ * Open the index if it is not already open.  The return value points
+ * at the SHA-1 within the mmapped index.  Return NULL if there is an
+ * error.
+ */
+extern const unsigned char *nth_packed_object_sha1(struct packed_git *, uint32_t n);
+/*
+ * Like nth_packed_object_sha1, but write the data into the object specified by
+ * the the first argument.  Returns the first argument on success, and NULL on
+ * error.
+ */
+extern const struct object_id *nth_packed_object_oid(struct object_id *, struct packed_git *, uint32_t n);
+
+/*
+ * Return the offset of the nth object within the specified packfile.
+ * The index must already be opened.
+ */
+extern off_t nth_packed_object_offset(const struct packed_git *, uint32_t n);
+
+/*
+ * If the object named sha1 is present in the specified packfile,
+ * return its offset within the packfile; otherwise, return 0.
+ */
+extern off_t find_pack_entry_one(const unsigned char *sha1, struct packed_git *);
+
+extern int is_pack_valid(struct packed_git *);
+extern void *unpack_entry(struct repository *r, struct packed_git *, off_t, enum object_type *, unsigned long *);
+extern unsigned long unpack_object_header_buffer(const unsigned char *buf, unsigned long len, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *sizep);
+extern unsigned long get_size_from_delta(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t);
+extern int unpack_object_header(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t *, unsigned long *);
+
+extern void release_pack_memory(size_t);
+
+/* global flag to enable extra checks when accessing packed objects */
+extern int do_check_packed_object_crc;
+
+extern int packed_object_info(struct repository *r,
+			      struct packed_git *pack,
+			      off_t offset, struct object_info *);
+
+extern void mark_bad_packed_object(struct packed_git *p, const unsigned char *sha1);
+extern const struct packed_git *has_packed_and_bad(const unsigned char *sha1);
+
+/*
+ * Iff a pack file in the given repository contains the object named by sha1,
+ * return true and store its location to e.
+ */
+extern int find_pack_entry(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid, struct pack_entry *e);
+
+extern int has_object_pack(const struct object_id *oid);
+
+extern int has_pack_index(const unsigned char *sha1);
+
+/*
+ * Return 1 if an object in a promisor packfile is or refers to the given
+ * object, 0 otherwise.
+ */
+extern int is_promisor_object(const struct object_id *oid);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/pager.c b/pager.c
index 98b26823c9..a768797fcf 100644
--- a/pager.c
+++ b/pager.c
@@ -1,36 +1,50 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
+#include "alias.h"
 
 #ifndef DEFAULT_PAGER
 #define DEFAULT_PAGER "less"
 #endif
 
-/*
- * This is split up from the rest of git so that we can do
- * something different on Windows.
- */
-
-static const char *pager_argv[] = { NULL, NULL };
 static struct child_process pager_process = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+static const char *pager_program;
 
-static void wait_for_pager(void)
+static void wait_for_pager(int in_signal)
 {
-	fflush(stdout);
-	fflush(stderr);
+	if (!in_signal) {
+		fflush(stdout);
+		fflush(stderr);
+	}
 	/* signal EOF to pager */
 	close(1);
 	close(2);
-	finish_command(&pager_process);
+	if (in_signal)
+		finish_command_in_signal(&pager_process);
+	else
+		finish_command(&pager_process);
+}
+
+static void wait_for_pager_atexit(void)
+{
+	wait_for_pager(0);
 }
 
 static void wait_for_pager_signal(int signo)
 {
-	wait_for_pager();
+	wait_for_pager(1);
 	sigchain_pop(signo);
 	raise(signo);
 }
 
+static int core_pager_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.pager"))
+		return git_config_string(&pager_program, var, value);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 const char *git_pager(int stdout_is_tty)
 {
 	const char *pager;
@@ -41,7 +55,7 @@ const char *git_pager(int stdout_is_tty)
 	pager = getenv("GIT_PAGER");
 	if (!pager) {
 		if (!pager_program)
-			git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+			read_early_config(core_pager_config, NULL);
 		pager = pager_program;
 	}
 	if (!pager)
@@ -54,6 +68,40 @@ const char *git_pager(int stdout_is_tty)
 	return pager;
 }
 
+static void setup_pager_env(struct argv_array *env)
+{
+	const char **argv;
+	int i;
+	char *pager_env = xstrdup(PAGER_ENV);
+	int n = split_cmdline(pager_env, &argv);
+
+	if (n < 0)
+		die("malformed build-time PAGER_ENV: %s",
+			split_cmdline_strerror(n));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		char *cp = strchr(argv[i], '=');
+
+		if (!cp)
+			die("malformed build-time PAGER_ENV");
+
+		*cp = '\0';
+		if (!getenv(argv[i])) {
+			*cp = '=';
+			argv_array_push(env, argv[i]);
+		}
+	}
+	free(pager_env);
+	free(argv);
+}
+
+void prepare_pager_args(struct child_process *pager_process, const char *pager)
+{
+	argv_array_push(&pager_process->args, pager);
+	pager_process->use_shell = 1;
+	setup_pager_env(&pager_process->env_array);
+}
+
 void setup_pager(void)
 {
 	const char *pager = git_pager(isatty(1));
@@ -62,22 +110,22 @@ void setup_pager(void)
 		return;
 
 	/*
-	 * force computing the width of the terminal before we redirect
-	 * the standard output to the pager.
+	 * After we redirect standard output, we won't be able to use an ioctl
+	 * to get the terminal size. Let's grab it now, and then set $COLUMNS
+	 * to communicate it to any sub-processes.
 	 */
-	(void) term_columns();
+	{
+		char buf[64];
+		xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", term_columns());
+		setenv("COLUMNS", buf, 0);
+	}
 
 	setenv("GIT_PAGER_IN_USE", "true", 1);
 
 	/* spawn the pager */
-	pager_argv[0] = pager;
-	pager_process.use_shell = 1;
-	pager_process.argv = pager_argv;
+	prepare_pager_args(&pager_process, pager);
 	pager_process.in = -1;
-	if (!getenv("LESS"))
-		argv_array_push(&pager_process.env_array, "LESS=FRX");
-	if (!getenv("LV"))
-		argv_array_push(&pager_process.env_array, "LV=-c");
+	argv_array_push(&pager_process.env_array, "GIT_PAGER_IN_USE");
 	if (start_command(&pager_process))
 		return;
 
@@ -89,14 +137,12 @@ void setup_pager(void)
 
 	/* this makes sure that the parent terminates after the pager */
 	sigchain_push_common(wait_for_pager_signal);
-	atexit(wait_for_pager);
+	atexit(wait_for_pager_atexit);
 }
 
 int pager_in_use(void)
 {
-	const char *env;
-	env = getenv("GIT_PAGER_IN_USE");
-	return env ? git_config_bool("GIT_PAGER_IN_USE", env) : 0;
+	return git_env_bool("GIT_PAGER_IN_USE", 0);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -142,22 +188,42 @@ int decimal_width(uintmax_t number)
 	return width;
 }
 
-/* returns 0 for "no pager", 1 for "use pager", and -1 for "not specified" */
-int check_pager_config(const char *cmd)
+struct pager_command_config_data {
+	const char *cmd;
+	int want;
+	char *value;
+};
+
+static int pager_command_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *vdata)
 {
-	int want = -1;
-	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *value = NULL;
-	strbuf_addf(&key, "pager.%s", cmd);
-	if (!git_config_get_value(key.buf, &value)) {
-		int b = git_config_maybe_bool(key.buf, value);
+	struct pager_command_config_data *data = vdata;
+	const char *cmd;
+
+	if (skip_prefix(var, "pager.", &cmd) && !strcmp(cmd, data->cmd)) {
+		int b = git_parse_maybe_bool(value);
 		if (b >= 0)
-			want = b;
+			data->want = b;
 		else {
-			want = 1;
-			pager_program = xstrdup(value);
+			data->want = 1;
+			data->value = xstrdup(value);
 		}
 	}
-	strbuf_release(&key);
-	return want;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* returns 0 for "no pager", 1 for "use pager", and -1 for "not specified" */
+int check_pager_config(const char *cmd)
+{
+	struct pager_command_config_data data;
+
+	data.cmd = cmd;
+	data.want = -1;
+	data.value = NULL;
+
+	read_early_config(pager_command_config, &data);
+
+	if (data.value)
+		pager_program = data.value;
+	return data.want;
 }
diff --git a/parse-options-cb.c b/parse-options-cb.c
index be8c413cfe..e8236534ac 100644
--- a/parse-options-cb.c
+++ b/parse-options-cb.c
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "color.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
+#include "sha1-array.h"
 
 /*----- some often used options -----*/
 
@@ -29,14 +31,18 @@ int parse_opt_abbrev_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 int parse_opt_approxidate_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
 			     int unset)
 {
-	*(unsigned long *)(opt->value) = approxidate(arg);
+	*(timestamp_t *)(opt->value) = approxidate(arg);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 int parse_opt_expiry_date_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
 			     int unset)
 {
-	return parse_expiry_date(arg, (unsigned long *)opt->value);
+	if (unset)
+		arg = "never";
+	if (parse_expiry_date(arg, (timestamp_t *)opt->value))
+		die(_("malformed expiration date '%s'"), arg);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int parse_opt_color_flag_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
@@ -76,22 +82,38 @@ int parse_opt_verbosity_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int parse_opt_with_commit(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+int parse_opt_commits(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct commit *commit;
 
 	if (!arg)
 		return -1;
-	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
+	if (get_oid(arg, &oid))
 		return error("malformed object name %s", arg);
-	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &oid);
 	if (!commit)
 		return error("no such commit %s", arg);
 	commit_list_insert(commit, opt->value);
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int parse_opt_object_name(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct object_id oid;
+
+	if (unset) {
+		oid_array_clear(opt->value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!arg)
+		return -1;
+	if (get_oid(arg, &oid))
+		return error(_("malformed object name '%s'"), arg);
+	oid_array_append(opt->value, &oid);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int parse_opt_tertiary(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
 	int *target = opt->value;
@@ -99,19 +121,24 @@ int parse_opt_tertiary(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int parse_options_concat(struct option *dst, size_t dst_size, struct option *src)
+struct option *parse_options_concat(struct option *a, struct option *b)
 {
-	int i, j;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < dst_size; i++)
-		if (dst[i].type == OPTION_END)
-			break;
-	for (j = 0; i < dst_size; i++, j++) {
-		dst[i] = src[j];
-		if (src[j].type == OPTION_END)
-			return 0;
-	}
-	return -1;
+	struct option *ret;
+	size_t i, a_len = 0, b_len = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; a[i].type != OPTION_END; i++)
+		a_len++;
+	for (i = 0; b[i].type != OPTION_END; i++)
+		b_len++;
+
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(ret, st_add3(a_len, b_len, 1));
+	for (i = 0; i < a_len; i++)
+		ret[i] = a[i];
+	for (i = 0; i < b_len; i++)
+		ret[a_len + i] = b[i];
+	ret[a_len + b_len] = b[b_len]; /* final OPTION_END */
+
+	return ret;
 }
 
 int parse_opt_string_list(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
@@ -126,7 +153,7 @@ int parse_opt_string_list(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 	if (!arg)
 		return -1;
 
-	string_list_append(v, xstrdup(arg));
+	string_list_append(v, arg);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -134,3 +161,82 @@ int parse_opt_noop_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
 	return 0;
 }
+
+/**
+ * Report that the option is unknown, so that other code can handle
+ * it. This can be used as a callback together with
+ * OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK to allow an option to be documented in the
+ * "-h" output even if it's not being handled directly by
+ * parse_options().
+ */
+int parse_opt_unknown_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	return -2;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Recreates the command-line option in the strbuf.
+ */
+static int recreate_opt(struct strbuf *sb, const struct option *opt,
+		const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	strbuf_reset(sb);
+
+	if (opt->long_name) {
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, unset ? "--no-" : "--");
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, opt->long_name);
+		if (arg) {
+			strbuf_addch(sb, '=');
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, arg);
+		}
+	} else if (opt->short_name && !unset) {
+		strbuf_addch(sb, '-');
+		strbuf_addch(sb, opt->short_name);
+		if (arg)
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, arg);
+	} else
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * For an option opt, recreates the command-line option in opt->value which
+ * must be an char* initialized to NULL. This is useful when we need to pass
+ * the command-line option to another command. Since any previous value will be
+ * overwritten, this callback should only be used for options where the last
+ * one wins.
+ */
+int parse_opt_passthru(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	static struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char **opt_value = opt->value;
+
+	if (recreate_opt(&sb, opt, arg, unset) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	free(*opt_value);
+
+	*opt_value = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * For an option opt, recreate the command-line option, appending it to
+ * opt->value which must be a argv_array. This is useful when we need to pass
+ * the command-line option, which can be specified multiple times, to another
+ * command.
+ */
+int parse_opt_passthru_argv(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	static struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct argv_array *opt_value = opt->value;
+
+	if (recreate_opt(&sb, opt, arg, unset) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	argv_array_push(opt_value, sb.buf);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/parse-options.c b/parse-options.c
index 80106c06bc..3b874a83a0 100644
--- a/parse-options.c
+++ b/parse-options.c
@@ -1,14 +1,11 @@
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "color.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
 
-static int parse_options_usage(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
-			       const char * const *usagestr,
-			       const struct option *opts, int err);
-
 #define OPT_SHORT 1
 #define OPT_UNSET 2
 
@@ -44,7 +41,7 @@ static void fix_filename(const char *prefix, const char **file)
 	if (!file || !*file || !prefix || is_absolute_path(*file)
 	    || !strcmp("-", *file))
 		return;
-	*file = xstrdup(prefix_filename(prefix, strlen(prefix), *file));
+	*file = prefix_filename(prefix, *file);
 }
 
 static int opt_command_mode_error(const struct option *opt,
@@ -114,6 +111,8 @@ static int get_value(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p,
 		return 0;
 
 	case OPTION_COUNTUP:
+		if (*(int *)opt->value < 0)
+			*(int *)opt->value = 0;
 		*(int *)opt->value = unset ? 0 : *(int *)opt->value + 1;
 		return 0;
 
@@ -180,6 +179,23 @@ static int get_value(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p,
 			return opterror(opt, "expects a numerical value", flags);
 		return 0;
 
+	case OPTION_MAGNITUDE:
+		if (unset) {
+			*(unsigned long *)opt->value = 0;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt) {
+			*(unsigned long *)opt->value = opt->defval;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if (get_arg(p, opt, flags, &arg))
+			return -1;
+		if (!git_parse_ulong(arg, opt->value))
+			return opterror(opt,
+				"expects a non-negative integer value with an optional k/m/g suffix",
+				flags);
+		return 0;
+
 	default:
 		die("should not happen, someone must be hit on the forehead");
 	}
@@ -301,14 +317,16 @@ is_abbreviated:
 		return get_value(p, options, all_opts, flags ^ opt_flags);
 	}
 
-	if (ambiguous_option)
-		return error("Ambiguous option: %s "
+	if (ambiguous_option) {
+		error("Ambiguous option: %s "
 			"(could be --%s%s or --%s%s)",
 			arg,
 			(ambiguous_flags & OPT_UNSET) ?  "no-" : "",
 			ambiguous_option->long_name,
 			(abbrev_flags & OPT_UNSET) ?  "no-" : "",
 			abbrev_option->long_name);
+		return -3;
+	}
 	if (abbrev_option)
 		return get_value(p, abbrev_option, all_opts, abbrev_flags);
 	return -2;
@@ -397,7 +415,7 @@ void parse_options_start(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 			 const struct option *options, int flags)
 {
 	memset(ctx, 0, sizeof(*ctx));
-	ctx->argc = argc - 1;
+	ctx->argc = ctx->total = argc - 1;
 	ctx->argv = argv + 1;
 	ctx->out  = argv;
 	ctx->prefix = prefix;
@@ -409,6 +427,98 @@ void parse_options_start(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 	parse_options_check(options);
 }
 
+static void show_negated_gitcomp(const struct option *opts, int nr_noopts)
+{
+	int printed_dashdash = 0;
+
+	for (; opts->type != OPTION_END; opts++) {
+		int has_unset_form = 0;
+		const char *name;
+
+		if (!opts->long_name)
+			continue;
+		if (opts->flags & (PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE))
+			continue;
+		if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NONEG)
+			continue;
+
+		switch (opts->type) {
+		case OPTION_STRING:
+		case OPTION_FILENAME:
+		case OPTION_INTEGER:
+		case OPTION_MAGNITUDE:
+		case OPTION_CALLBACK:
+		case OPTION_BIT:
+		case OPTION_NEGBIT:
+		case OPTION_COUNTUP:
+		case OPTION_SET_INT:
+			has_unset_form = 1;
+			break;
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
+		if (!has_unset_form)
+			continue;
+
+		if (skip_prefix(opts->long_name, "no-", &name)) {
+			if (nr_noopts < 0)
+				printf(" --%s", name);
+		} else if (nr_noopts >= 0) {
+			if (nr_noopts && !printed_dashdash) {
+				printf(" --");
+				printed_dashdash = 1;
+			}
+			printf(" --no-%s", opts->long_name);
+			nr_noopts++;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static int show_gitcomp(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
+			const struct option *opts)
+{
+	const struct option *original_opts = opts;
+	int nr_noopts = 0;
+
+	for (; opts->type != OPTION_END; opts++) {
+		const char *suffix = "";
+
+		if (!opts->long_name)
+			continue;
+		if (opts->flags & (PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE))
+			continue;
+
+		switch (opts->type) {
+		case OPTION_GROUP:
+			continue;
+		case OPTION_STRING:
+		case OPTION_FILENAME:
+		case OPTION_INTEGER:
+		case OPTION_MAGNITUDE:
+		case OPTION_CALLBACK:
+			if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG)
+				break;
+			if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG)
+				break;
+			if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT)
+				break;
+			suffix = "=";
+			break;
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
+		if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_COMP_ARG)
+			suffix = "=";
+		if (starts_with(opts->long_name, "no-"))
+			nr_noopts++;
+		printf(" --%s%s", opts->long_name, suffix);
+	}
+	show_negated_gitcomp(original_opts, -1);
+	show_negated_gitcomp(original_opts, nr_noopts);
+	fputc('\n', stdout);
+	exit(0);
+}
+
 static int usage_with_options_internal(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *,
 				       const char * const *,
 				       const struct option *, int, int);
@@ -434,27 +544,36 @@ int parse_options_step(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 			continue;
 		}
 
+		/* lone -h asks for help */
+		if (internal_help && ctx->total == 1 && !strcmp(arg + 1, "h"))
+			goto show_usage;
+
+		/* lone --git-completion-helper is asked by git-completion.bash */
+		if (ctx->total == 1 && !strcmp(arg + 1, "-git-completion-helper"))
+			return show_gitcomp(ctx, options);
+
 		if (arg[1] != '-') {
 			ctx->opt = arg + 1;
-			if (internal_help && *ctx->opt == 'h')
-				return parse_options_usage(ctx, usagestr, options, 0);
 			switch (parse_short_opt(ctx, options)) {
 			case -1:
-				return parse_options_usage(ctx, usagestr, options, 1);
+				return PARSE_OPT_ERROR;
 			case -2:
 				if (ctx->opt)
 					check_typos(arg + 1, options);
+				if (internal_help && *ctx->opt == 'h')
+					goto show_usage;
 				goto unknown;
 			}
 			if (ctx->opt)
 				check_typos(arg + 1, options);
 			while (ctx->opt) {
-				if (internal_help && *ctx->opt == 'h')
-					return parse_options_usage(ctx, usagestr, options, 0);
 				switch (parse_short_opt(ctx, options)) {
 				case -1:
-					return parse_options_usage(ctx, usagestr, options, 1);
+					return PARSE_OPT_ERROR;
 				case -2:
+					if (internal_help && *ctx->opt == 'h')
+						goto show_usage;
+
 					/* fake a short option thing to hide the fact that we may have
 					 * started to parse aggregated stuff
 					 *
@@ -479,12 +598,14 @@ int parse_options_step(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 		if (internal_help && !strcmp(arg + 2, "help-all"))
 			return usage_with_options_internal(ctx, usagestr, options, 1, 0);
 		if (internal_help && !strcmp(arg + 2, "help"))
-			return parse_options_usage(ctx, usagestr, options, 0);
+			goto show_usage;
 		switch (parse_long_opt(ctx, arg + 2, options)) {
 		case -1:
-			return parse_options_usage(ctx, usagestr, options, 1);
+			return PARSE_OPT_ERROR;
 		case -2:
 			goto unknown;
+		case -3:
+			goto show_usage;
 		}
 		continue;
 unknown:
@@ -494,11 +615,14 @@ unknown:
 		ctx->opt = NULL;
 	}
 	return PARSE_OPT_DONE;
+
+ show_usage:
+	return usage_with_options_internal(ctx, usagestr, options, 0, 0);
 }
 
 int parse_options_end(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
-	memmove(ctx->out + ctx->cpidx, ctx->argv, ctx->argc * sizeof(*ctx->out));
+	MOVE_ARRAY(ctx->out + ctx->cpidx, ctx->argv, ctx->argc);
 	ctx->out[ctx->cpidx + ctx->argc] = NULL;
 	return ctx->cpidx + ctx->argc;
 }
@@ -512,6 +636,7 @@ int parse_options(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
 	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, prefix, options, flags);
 	switch (parse_options_step(&ctx, options, usagestr)) {
 	case PARSE_OPT_HELP:
+	case PARSE_OPT_ERROR:
 		exit(129);
 	case PARSE_OPT_NON_OPTION:
 	case PARSE_OPT_DONE:
@@ -535,7 +660,8 @@ int parse_options(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
 static int usage_argh(const struct option *opts, FILE *outfile)
 {
 	const char *s;
-	int literal = (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP) || !opts->argh;
+	int literal = (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP) ||
+		!opts->argh || !!strpbrk(opts->argh, "()<>[]|");
 	if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG)
 		if (opts->long_name)
 			s = literal ? "[=%s]" : "[=<%s>]";
@@ -554,6 +680,7 @@ static int usage_with_options_internal(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 				       const struct option *opts, int full, int err)
 {
 	FILE *outfile = err ? stderr : stdout;
+	int need_newline;
 
 	if (!usagestr)
 		return PARSE_OPT_HELP;
@@ -563,19 +690,20 @@ static int usage_with_options_internal(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 
 	fprintf_ln(outfile, _("usage: %s"), _(*usagestr++));
 	while (*usagestr && **usagestr)
-		/* TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
-		   one in "usage: %s" translation */
+		/*
+		 * TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
+		 * one in "usage: %s" translation.
+		 */
 		fprintf_ln(outfile, _("   or: %s"), _(*usagestr++));
 	while (*usagestr) {
 		if (**usagestr)
 			fprintf_ln(outfile, _("    %s"), _(*usagestr));
 		else
-			putchar('\n');
+			fputc('\n', outfile);
 		usagestr++;
 	}
 
-	if (opts->type != OPTION_GROUP)
-		fputc('\n', outfile);
+	need_newline = 1;
 
 	for (; opts->type != OPTION_END; opts++) {
 		size_t pos;
@@ -583,6 +711,7 @@ static int usage_with_options_internal(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 
 		if (opts->type == OPTION_GROUP) {
 			fputc('\n', outfile);
+			need_newline = 0;
 			if (*opts->help)
 				fprintf(outfile, "%s\n", _(opts->help));
 			continue;
@@ -590,6 +719,11 @@ static int usage_with_options_internal(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 		if (!full && (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN))
 			continue;
 
+		if (need_newline) {
+			fputc('\n', outfile);
+			need_newline = 0;
+		}
+
 		pos = fprintf(outfile, "    ");
 		if (opts->short_name) {
 			if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NODASH)
@@ -635,17 +769,10 @@ void NORETURN usage_msg_opt(const char *msg,
 		   const char * const *usagestr,
 		   const struct option *options)
 {
-	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n\n", msg);
+	fprintf(stderr, "fatal: %s\n\n", msg);
 	usage_with_options(usagestr, options);
 }
 
-static int parse_options_usage(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
-			       const char * const *usagestr,
-			       const struct option *opts, int err)
-{
-	return usage_with_options_internal(ctx, usagestr, opts, 0, err);
-}
-
 #undef opterror
 int opterror(const struct option *opt, const char *reason, int flags)
 {
diff --git a/parse-options.h b/parse-options.h
index 7940bc71af..dd14911a29 100644
--- a/parse-options.h
+++ b/parse-options.h
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ enum parse_opt_type {
 	/* options with arguments (usually) */
 	OPTION_STRING,
 	OPTION_INTEGER,
+	OPTION_MAGNITUDE,
 	OPTION_CALLBACK,
 	OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK,
 	OPTION_FILENAME
@@ -37,7 +38,9 @@ enum parse_opt_option_flags {
 	PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT = 16,
 	PARSE_OPT_NODASH = 32,
 	PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP = 64,
-	PARSE_OPT_SHELL_EVAL = 256
+	PARSE_OPT_SHELL_EVAL = 256,
+	PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE = 512,
+	PARSE_OPT_COMP_ARG = 1024
 };
 
 struct option;
@@ -88,6 +91,11 @@ typedef int parse_opt_ll_cb(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
  *   PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP: says that argh shouldn't be enclosed in brackets
  *				(i.e. '<argh>') in the help message.
  *				Useful for options with multiple parameters.
+ *   PARSE_OPT_NOCOMPLETE: by default all visible options are completable
+ *			   by git-completion.bash. This option suppresses that.
+ *   PARSE_OPT_COMP_ARG: this option forces to git-completion.bash to
+ *			 complete an option as --name= not --name even if
+ *			 the option takes optional argument.
  *
  * `callback`::
  *   pointer to the callback to use for OPTION_CALLBACK or
@@ -95,8 +103,7 @@ typedef int parse_opt_ll_cb(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
  *
  * `defval`::
  *   default value to fill (*->value) with for PARSE_OPT_OPTARG.
- *   OPTION_{BIT,SET_INT} store the {mask,integer,pointer} to put in
- *   the value when met.
+ *   OPTION_{BIT,SET_INT} store the {mask,integer} to put in the value when met.
  *   CALLBACKS can use it like they want.
  */
 struct option {
@@ -112,24 +119,31 @@ struct option {
 	intptr_t defval;
 };
 
+#define OPT_BIT_F(s, l, v, h, b, f) { OPTION_BIT, (s), (l), (v), NULL, (h), \
+				      PARSE_OPT_NOARG|(f), NULL, (b) }
+#define OPT_COUNTUP_F(s, l, v, h, f) { OPTION_COUNTUP, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
+				       (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG|(f) }
+#define OPT_SET_INT_F(s, l, v, h, i, f) { OPTION_SET_INT, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
+					  (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG | (f), NULL, (i) }
+#define OPT_BOOL_F(s, l, v, h, f)   OPT_SET_INT_F(s, l, v, h, 1, f)
+
 #define OPT_END()                   { OPTION_END }
 #define OPT_ARGUMENT(l, h)          { OPTION_ARGUMENT, 0, (l), NULL, NULL, \
 				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG}
 #define OPT_GROUP(h)                { OPTION_GROUP, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, (h) }
-#define OPT_BIT(s, l, v, h, b)      { OPTION_BIT, (s), (l), (v), NULL, (h), \
-				      PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL, (b) }
+#define OPT_BIT(s, l, v, h, b)      OPT_BIT_F(s, l, v, h, b, 0)
 #define OPT_NEGBIT(s, l, v, h, b)   { OPTION_NEGBIT, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
 				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL, (b) }
-#define OPT_COUNTUP(s, l, v, h)     { OPTION_COUNTUP, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
-				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG }
-#define OPT_SET_INT(s, l, v, h, i)  { OPTION_SET_INT, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
-				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL, (i) }
-#define OPT_BOOL(s, l, v, h)        OPT_SET_INT(s, l, v, h, 1)
+#define OPT_COUNTUP(s, l, v, h)     OPT_COUNTUP_F(s, l, v, h, 0)
+#define OPT_SET_INT(s, l, v, h, i)  OPT_SET_INT_F(s, l, v, h, i, 0)
+#define OPT_BOOL(s, l, v, h)        OPT_BOOL_F(s, l, v, h, 0)
 #define OPT_HIDDEN_BOOL(s, l, v, h) { OPTION_SET_INT, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
 				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN, NULL, 1}
-#define OPT_CMDMODE(s, l, v, h, i) { OPTION_CMDMODE, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
+#define OPT_CMDMODE(s, l, v, h, i)  { OPTION_CMDMODE, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
 				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG|PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, (i) }
 #define OPT_INTEGER(s, l, v, h)     { OPTION_INTEGER, (s), (l), (v), N_("n"), (h) }
+#define OPT_MAGNITUDE(s, l, v, h)   { OPTION_MAGNITUDE, (s), (l), (v), \
+				      N_("n"), (h), PARSE_OPT_NONEG }
 #define OPT_STRING(s, l, v, a, h)   { OPTION_STRING,  (s), (l), (v), (a), (h) }
 #define OPT_STRING_LIST(s, l, v, a, h) \
 				    { OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), (a), \
@@ -186,6 +200,7 @@ enum {
 	PARSE_OPT_HELP = -1,
 	PARSE_OPT_DONE,
 	PARSE_OPT_NON_OPTION,
+	PARSE_OPT_ERROR,
 	PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN
 };
 
@@ -197,7 +212,7 @@ enum {
 struct parse_opt_ctx_t {
 	const char **argv;
 	const char **out;
-	int argc, cpidx;
+	int argc, cpidx, total;
 	const char *opt;
 	int flags;
 	const char *prefix;
@@ -213,7 +228,7 @@ extern int parse_options_step(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 
 extern int parse_options_end(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx);
 
-extern int parse_options_concat(struct option *dst, size_t, struct option *src);
+extern struct option *parse_options_concat(struct option *a, struct option *b);
 
 /*----- some often used options -----*/
 extern int parse_opt_abbrev_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
@@ -221,10 +236,14 @@ extern int parse_opt_approxidate_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 extern int parse_opt_expiry_date_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 extern int parse_opt_color_flag_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 extern int parse_opt_verbosity_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
-extern int parse_opt_with_commit(const struct option *, const char *, int);
+extern int parse_opt_object_name(const struct option *, const char *, int);
+extern int parse_opt_commits(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 extern int parse_opt_tertiary(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 extern int parse_opt_string_list(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 extern int parse_opt_noop_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
+extern int parse_opt_unknown_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
+extern int parse_opt_passthru(const struct option *, const char *, int);
+extern int parse_opt_passthru_argv(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 
 #define OPT__VERBOSE(var, h)  OPT_COUNTUP('v', "verbose", (var), (h))
 #define OPT__QUIET(var, h)    OPT_COUNTUP('q', "quiet",   (var), (h))
@@ -234,7 +253,7 @@ extern int parse_opt_noop_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'q', "quiet", (var), NULL, N_("be more quiet"), \
 	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG, &parse_opt_verbosity_cb, 0 }
 #define OPT__DRY_RUN(var, h)  OPT_BOOL('n', "dry-run", (var), (h))
-#define OPT__FORCE(var, h)    OPT_COUNTUP('f', "force",   (var), (h))
+#define OPT__FORCE(var, h, f) OPT_COUNTUP_F('f', "force",   (var), (h), (f))
 #define OPT__ABBREV(var)  \
 	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "abbrev", (var), N_("n"),	\
 	  N_("use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"),	\
@@ -243,5 +262,18 @@ extern int parse_opt_noop_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 	OPT_COLOR_FLAG(0, "color", (var), (h))
 #define OPT_COLUMN(s, l, v, h) \
 	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), N_("style"), (h), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, parseopt_column_callback }
+#define OPT_PASSTHRU(s, l, v, a, h, f) \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), (a), (h), (f), parse_opt_passthru }
+#define OPT_PASSTHRU_ARGV(s, l, v, a, h, f) \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), (a), (h), (f), parse_opt_passthru_argv }
+#define _OPT_CONTAINS_OR_WITH(name, variable, help, flag) \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, name, (variable), N_("commit"), (help), \
+	  PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT | flag, \
+	  parse_opt_commits, (intptr_t) "HEAD" \
+	}
+#define OPT_CONTAINS(v, h) _OPT_CONTAINS_OR_WITH("contains", v, h, PARSE_OPT_NONEG)
+#define OPT_NO_CONTAINS(v, h) _OPT_CONTAINS_OR_WITH("no-contains", v, h, PARSE_OPT_NONEG)
+#define OPT_WITH(v, h) _OPT_CONTAINS_OR_WITH("with", v, h, PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NONEG)
+#define OPT_WITHOUT(v, h) _OPT_CONTAINS_OR_WITH("without", v, h, PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NONEG)
 
 #endif
diff --git a/patch-ids.c b/patch-ids.c
index bf81b92361..8f7c25d5db 100644
--- a/patch-ids.c
+++ b/patch-ids.c
@@ -4,102 +4,118 @@
 #include "sha1-lookup.h"
 #include "patch-ids.h"
 
-static int commit_patch_id(struct commit *commit, struct diff_options *options,
-		    unsigned char *sha1)
+static int patch_id_defined(struct commit *commit)
 {
+	/* must be 0 or 1 parents */
+	return !commit->parents || !commit->parents->next;
+}
+
+int commit_patch_id(struct commit *commit, struct diff_options *options,
+		    struct object_id *oid, int diff_header_only)
+{
+	if (!patch_id_defined(commit))
+		return -1;
+
 	if (commit->parents)
-		diff_tree_sha1(commit->parents->item->object.sha1,
-		               commit->object.sha1, "", options);
+		diff_tree_oid(&commit->parents->item->object.oid,
+			      &commit->object.oid, "", options);
 	else
-		diff_root_tree_sha1(commit->object.sha1, "", options);
+		diff_root_tree_oid(&commit->object.oid, "", options);
 	diffcore_std(options);
-	return diff_flush_patch_id(options, sha1);
+	return diff_flush_patch_id(options, oid, diff_header_only);
 }
 
-static const unsigned char *patch_id_access(size_t index, void *table)
+/*
+ * When we cannot load the full patch-id for both commits for whatever
+ * reason, the function returns -1 (i.e. return error(...)). Despite
+ * the "cmp" in the name of this function, the caller only cares about
+ * the return value being zero (a and b are equivalent) or non-zero (a
+ * and b are different), and returning non-zero would keep both in the
+ * result, even if they actually were equivalent, in order to err on
+ * the side of safety.  The actual value being negative does not have
+ * any significance; only that it is non-zero matters.
+ */
+static int patch_id_cmp(const void *cmpfn_data,
+			const void *entry,
+			const void *entry_or_key,
+			const void *unused_keydata)
 {
-	struct patch_id **id_table = table;
-	return id_table[index]->patch_id;
-}
+	/* NEEDSWORK: const correctness? */
+	struct diff_options *opt = (void *)cmpfn_data;
+	struct patch_id *a = (void *)entry;
+	struct patch_id *b = (void *)entry_or_key;
 
-static int patch_pos(struct patch_id **table, int nr, const unsigned char *id)
-{
-	return sha1_pos(id, table, nr, patch_id_access);
+	if (is_null_oid(&a->patch_id) &&
+	    commit_patch_id(a->commit, opt, &a->patch_id, 0))
+		return error("Could not get patch ID for %s",
+			oid_to_hex(&a->commit->object.oid));
+	if (is_null_oid(&b->patch_id) &&
+	    commit_patch_id(b->commit, opt, &b->patch_id, 0))
+		return error("Could not get patch ID for %s",
+			oid_to_hex(&b->commit->object.oid));
+	return oidcmp(&a->patch_id, &b->patch_id);
 }
 
-#define BUCKET_SIZE 190 /* 190 * 21 = 3990, with slop close enough to 4K */
-struct patch_id_bucket {
-	struct patch_id_bucket *next;
-	int nr;
-	struct patch_id bucket[BUCKET_SIZE];
-};
-
 int init_patch_ids(struct patch_ids *ids)
 {
 	memset(ids, 0, sizeof(*ids));
 	diff_setup(&ids->diffopts);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&ids->diffopts, RECURSIVE);
+	ids->diffopts.detect_rename = 0;
+	ids->diffopts.flags.recursive = 1;
 	diff_setup_done(&ids->diffopts);
+	hashmap_init(&ids->patches, patch_id_cmp, &ids->diffopts, 256);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 int free_patch_ids(struct patch_ids *ids)
 {
-	struct patch_id_bucket *next, *patches;
-
-	free(ids->table);
-	for (patches = ids->patches; patches; patches = next) {
-		next = patches->next;
-		free(patches);
-	}
+	hashmap_free(&ids->patches, 1);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static struct patch_id *add_commit(struct commit *commit,
-				   struct patch_ids *ids,
-				   int no_add)
+static int init_patch_id_entry(struct patch_id *patch,
+			       struct commit *commit,
+			       struct patch_ids *ids)
 {
-	struct patch_id_bucket *bucket;
-	struct patch_id *ent;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int pos;
-
-	if (commit_patch_id(commit, &ids->diffopts, sha1))
-		return NULL;
-	pos = patch_pos(ids->table, ids->nr, sha1);
-	if (0 <= pos)
-		return ids->table[pos];
-	if (no_add)
-		return NULL;
+	struct object_id header_only_patch_id;
 
-	pos = -1 - pos;
+	patch->commit = commit;
+	if (commit_patch_id(commit, &ids->diffopts, &header_only_patch_id, 1))
+		return -1;
 
-	bucket = ids->patches;
-	if (!bucket || (BUCKET_SIZE <= bucket->nr)) {
-		bucket = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*bucket));
-		bucket->next = ids->patches;
-		ids->patches = bucket;
-	}
-	ent = &bucket->bucket[bucket->nr++];
-	hashcpy(ent->patch_id, sha1);
-
-	ALLOC_GROW(ids->table, ids->nr + 1, ids->alloc);
-	if (pos < ids->nr)
-		memmove(ids->table + pos + 1, ids->table + pos,
-			sizeof(ent) * (ids->nr - pos));
-	ids->nr++;
-	ids->table[pos] = ent;
-	return ids->table[pos];
+	hashmap_entry_init(patch, sha1hash(header_only_patch_id.hash));
+	return 0;
 }
 
 struct patch_id *has_commit_patch_id(struct commit *commit,
 				     struct patch_ids *ids)
 {
-	return add_commit(commit, ids, 1);
+	struct patch_id patch;
+
+	if (!patch_id_defined(commit))
+		return NULL;
+
+	memset(&patch, 0, sizeof(patch));
+	if (init_patch_id_entry(&patch, commit, ids))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return hashmap_get(&ids->patches, &patch, NULL);
 }
 
 struct patch_id *add_commit_patch_id(struct commit *commit,
 				     struct patch_ids *ids)
 {
-	return add_commit(commit, ids, 0);
+	struct patch_id *key;
+
+	if (!patch_id_defined(commit))
+		return NULL;
+
+	key = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*key));
+	if (init_patch_id_entry(key, commit, ids)) {
+		free(key);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	hashmap_add(&ids->patches, key);
+	return key;
 }
diff --git a/patch-ids.h b/patch-ids.h
index c8c7ca110a..79ac9a8498 100644
--- a/patch-ids.h
+++ b/patch-ids.h
@@ -1,18 +1,25 @@
 #ifndef PATCH_IDS_H
 #define PATCH_IDS_H
 
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "hashmap.h"
+
+struct commit;
+struct object_id;
+
 struct patch_id {
-	unsigned char patch_id[20];
-	char seen;
+	struct hashmap_entry ent;
+	struct object_id patch_id;
+	struct commit *commit;
 };
 
 struct patch_ids {
+	struct hashmap patches;
 	struct diff_options diffopts;
-	int nr, alloc;
-	struct patch_id **table;
-	struct patch_id_bucket *patches;
 };
 
+int commit_patch_id(struct commit *commit, struct diff_options *options,
+		    struct object_id *oid, int);
 int init_patch_ids(struct patch_ids *);
 int free_patch_ids(struct patch_ids *);
 struct patch_id *add_commit_patch_id(struct commit *, struct patch_ids *);
diff --git a/path.c b/path.c
index e608993801..34f0f98349 100644
--- a/path.c
+++ b/path.c
@@ -2,8 +2,15 @@
  * Utilities for paths and pathnames
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "worktree.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
+#include "path.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 static int get_st_mode_bits(const char *path, int *mode)
 {
@@ -16,24 +23,35 @@ static int get_st_mode_bits(const char *path, int *mode)
 
 static char bad_path[] = "/bad-path/";
 
-static char *get_pathname(void)
+static struct strbuf *get_pathname(void)
 {
-	static char pathname_array[4][PATH_MAX];
+	static struct strbuf pathname_array[4] = {
+		STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT
+	};
 	static int index;
-	return pathname_array[3 & ++index];
+	struct strbuf *sb = &pathname_array[index];
+	index = (index + 1) % ARRAY_SIZE(pathname_array);
+	strbuf_reset(sb);
+	return sb;
 }
 
-static char *cleanup_path(char *path)
+static const char *cleanup_path(const char *path)
 {
 	/* Clean it up */
-	if (!memcmp(path, "./", 2)) {
-		path += 2;
+	if (skip_prefix(path, "./", &path)) {
 		while (*path == '/')
 			path++;
 	}
 	return path;
 }
 
+static void strbuf_cleanup_path(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	const char *path = cleanup_path(sb->buf);
+	if (path > sb->buf)
+		strbuf_remove(sb, 0, path - sb->buf);
+}
+
 char *mksnpath(char *buf, size_t n, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	va_list args;
@@ -46,162 +64,582 @@ char *mksnpath(char *buf, size_t n, const char *fmt, ...)
 		strlcpy(buf, bad_path, n);
 		return buf;
 	}
-	return cleanup_path(buf);
+	return (char *)cleanup_path(buf);
 }
 
-static char *vsnpath(char *buf, size_t n, const char *fmt, va_list args)
+static int dir_prefix(const char *buf, const char *dir)
 {
-	const char *git_dir = get_git_dir();
-	size_t len;
+	int len = strlen(dir);
+	return !strncmp(buf, dir, len) &&
+		(is_dir_sep(buf[len]) || buf[len] == '\0');
+}
+
+/* $buf =~ m|$dir/+$file| but without regex */
+static int is_dir_file(const char *buf, const char *dir, const char *file)
+{
+	int len = strlen(dir);
+	if (strncmp(buf, dir, len) || !is_dir_sep(buf[len]))
+		return 0;
+	while (is_dir_sep(buf[len]))
+		len++;
+	return !strcmp(buf + len, file);
+}
+
+static void replace_dir(struct strbuf *buf, int len, const char *newdir)
+{
+	int newlen = strlen(newdir);
+	int need_sep = (buf->buf[len] && !is_dir_sep(buf->buf[len])) &&
+		!is_dir_sep(newdir[newlen - 1]);
+	if (need_sep)
+		len--;	 /* keep one char, to be replaced with '/'  */
+	strbuf_splice(buf, 0, len, newdir, newlen);
+	if (need_sep)
+		buf->buf[newlen] = '/';
+}
+
+struct common_dir {
+	/* Not considered garbage for report_linked_checkout_garbage */
+	unsigned ignore_garbage:1;
+	unsigned is_dir:1;
+	/* Not common even though its parent is */
+	unsigned exclude:1;
+	const char *dirname;
+};
+
+static struct common_dir common_list[] = {
+	{ 0, 1, 0, "branches" },
+	{ 0, 1, 0, "hooks" },
+	{ 0, 1, 0, "info" },
+	{ 0, 0, 1, "info/sparse-checkout" },
+	{ 1, 1, 0, "logs" },
+	{ 1, 1, 1, "logs/HEAD" },
+	{ 0, 1, 1, "logs/refs/bisect" },
+	{ 0, 1, 0, "lost-found" },
+	{ 0, 1, 0, "objects" },
+	{ 0, 1, 0, "refs" },
+	{ 0, 1, 1, "refs/bisect" },
+	{ 0, 1, 0, "remotes" },
+	{ 0, 1, 0, "worktrees" },
+	{ 0, 1, 0, "rr-cache" },
+	{ 0, 1, 0, "svn" },
+	{ 0, 0, 0, "config" },
+	{ 1, 0, 0, "gc.pid" },
+	{ 0, 0, 0, "packed-refs" },
+	{ 0, 0, 0, "shallow" },
+	{ 0, 0, 0, NULL }
+};
+
+/*
+ * A compressed trie.  A trie node consists of zero or more characters that
+ * are common to all elements with this prefix, optionally followed by some
+ * children.  If value is not NULL, the trie node is a terminal node.
+ *
+ * For example, consider the following set of strings:
+ * abc
+ * def
+ * definite
+ * definition
+ *
+ * The trie would look like:
+ * root: len = 0, children a and d non-NULL, value = NULL.
+ *    a: len = 2, contents = bc, value = (data for "abc")
+ *    d: len = 2, contents = ef, children i non-NULL, value = (data for "def")
+ *       i: len = 3, contents = nit, children e and i non-NULL, value = NULL
+ *           e: len = 0, children all NULL, value = (data for "definite")
+ *           i: len = 2, contents = on, children all NULL,
+ *              value = (data for "definition")
+ */
+struct trie {
+	struct trie *children[256];
+	int len;
+	char *contents;
+	void *value;
+};
+
+static struct trie *make_trie_node(const char *key, void *value)
+{
+	struct trie *new_node = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*new_node));
+	new_node->len = strlen(key);
+	if (new_node->len) {
+		new_node->contents = xmalloc(new_node->len);
+		memcpy(new_node->contents, key, new_node->len);
+	}
+	new_node->value = value;
+	return new_node;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Add a key/value pair to a trie.  The key is assumed to be \0-terminated.
+ * If there was an existing value for this key, return it.
+ */
+static void *add_to_trie(struct trie *root, const char *key, void *value)
+{
+	struct trie *child;
+	void *old;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!*key) {
+		/* we have reached the end of the key */
+		old = root->value;
+		root->value = value;
+		return old;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < root->len; i++) {
+		if (root->contents[i] == key[i])
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * Split this node: child will contain this node's
+		 * existing children.
+		 */
+		child = xmalloc(sizeof(*child));
+		memcpy(child->children, root->children, sizeof(root->children));
+
+		child->len = root->len - i - 1;
+		if (child->len) {
+			child->contents = xstrndup(root->contents + i + 1,
+						   child->len);
+		}
+		child->value = root->value;
+		root->value = NULL;
+		root->len = i;
+
+		memset(root->children, 0, sizeof(root->children));
+		root->children[(unsigned char)root->contents[i]] = child;
+
+		/* This is the newly-added child. */
+		root->children[(unsigned char)key[i]] =
+			make_trie_node(key + i + 1, value);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* We have matched the entire compressed section */
+	if (key[i]) {
+		child = root->children[(unsigned char)key[root->len]];
+		if (child) {
+			return add_to_trie(child, key + root->len + 1, value);
+		} else {
+			child = make_trie_node(key + root->len + 1, value);
+			root->children[(unsigned char)key[root->len]] = child;
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	old = root->value;
+	root->value = value;
+	return old;
+}
+
+typedef int (*match_fn)(const char *unmatched, void *data, void *baton);
+
+/*
+ * Search a trie for some key.  Find the longest /-or-\0-terminated
+ * prefix of the key for which the trie contains a value.  Call fn
+ * with the unmatched portion of the key and the found value, and
+ * return its return value.  If there is no such prefix, return -1.
+ *
+ * The key is partially normalized: consecutive slashes are skipped.
+ *
+ * For example, consider the trie containing only [refs,
+ * refs/worktree] (both with values).
+ *
+ * | key             | unmatched  | val from node | return value |
+ * |-----------------|------------|---------------|--------------|
+ * | a               | not called | n/a           | -1           |
+ * | refs            | \0         | refs          | as per fn    |
+ * | refs/           | /          | refs          | as per fn    |
+ * | refs/w          | /w         | refs          | as per fn    |
+ * | refs/worktree   | \0         | refs/worktree | as per fn    |
+ * | refs/worktree/  | /          | refs/worktree | as per fn    |
+ * | refs/worktree/a | /a         | refs/worktree | as per fn    |
+ * |-----------------|------------|---------------|--------------|
+ *
+ */
+static int trie_find(struct trie *root, const char *key, match_fn fn,
+		     void *baton)
+{
+	int i;
+	int result;
+	struct trie *child;
+
+	if (!*key) {
+		/* we have reached the end of the key */
+		if (root->value && !root->len)
+			return fn(key, root->value, baton);
+		else
+			return -1;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < root->len; i++) {
+		/* Partial path normalization: skip consecutive slashes. */
+		if (key[i] == '/' && key[i+1] == '/') {
+			key++;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (root->contents[i] != key[i])
+			return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* Matched the entire compressed section */
+	key += i;
+	if (!*key)
+		/* End of key */
+		return fn(key, root->value, baton);
+
+	/* Partial path normalization: skip consecutive slashes */
+	while (key[0] == '/' && key[1] == '/')
+		key++;
+
+	child = root->children[(unsigned char)*key];
+	if (child)
+		result = trie_find(child, key + 1, fn, baton);
+	else
+		result = -1;
+
+	if (result >= 0 || (*key != '/' && *key != 0))
+		return result;
+	if (root->value)
+		return fn(key, root->value, baton);
+	else
+		return -1;
+}
 
-	len = strlen(git_dir);
-	if (n < len + 1)
-		goto bad;
-	memcpy(buf, git_dir, len);
-	if (len && !is_dir_sep(git_dir[len-1]))
-		buf[len++] = '/';
-	len += vsnprintf(buf + len, n - len, fmt, args);
-	if (len >= n)
-		goto bad;
-	return cleanup_path(buf);
-bad:
-	strlcpy(buf, bad_path, n);
-	return buf;
+static struct trie common_trie;
+static int common_trie_done_setup;
+
+static void init_common_trie(void)
+{
+	struct common_dir *p;
+
+	if (common_trie_done_setup)
+		return;
+
+	for (p = common_list; p->dirname; p++)
+		add_to_trie(&common_trie, p->dirname, p);
+
+	common_trie_done_setup = 1;
 }
 
-char *git_snpath(char *buf, size_t n, const char *fmt, ...)
+/*
+ * Helper function for update_common_dir: returns 1 if the dir
+ * prefix is common.
+ */
+static int check_common(const char *unmatched, void *value, void *baton)
 {
-	char *ret;
+	struct common_dir *dir = value;
+
+	if (!dir)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (dir->is_dir && (unmatched[0] == 0 || unmatched[0] == '/'))
+		return !dir->exclude;
+
+	if (!dir->is_dir && unmatched[0] == 0)
+		return !dir->exclude;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void update_common_dir(struct strbuf *buf, int git_dir_len,
+			      const char *common_dir)
+{
+	char *base = buf->buf + git_dir_len;
+	init_common_trie();
+	if (trie_find(&common_trie, base, check_common, NULL) > 0)
+		replace_dir(buf, git_dir_len, common_dir);
+}
+
+void report_linked_checkout_garbage(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const struct common_dir *p;
+	int len;
+
+	if (!the_repository->different_commondir)
+		return;
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/", get_git_dir());
+	len = sb.len;
+	for (p = common_list; p->dirname; p++) {
+		const char *path = p->dirname;
+		if (p->ignore_garbage)
+			continue;
+		strbuf_setlen(&sb, len);
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, path);
+		if (file_exists(sb.buf))
+			report_garbage(PACKDIR_FILE_GARBAGE, sb.buf);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+static void adjust_git_path(const struct repository *repo,
+			    struct strbuf *buf, int git_dir_len)
+{
+	const char *base = buf->buf + git_dir_len;
+	if (is_dir_file(base, "info", "grafts"))
+		strbuf_splice(buf, 0, buf->len,
+			      repo->graft_file, strlen(repo->graft_file));
+	else if (!strcmp(base, "index"))
+		strbuf_splice(buf, 0, buf->len,
+			      repo->index_file, strlen(repo->index_file));
+	else if (dir_prefix(base, "objects"))
+		replace_dir(buf, git_dir_len + 7, repo->objects->objectdir);
+	else if (git_hooks_path && dir_prefix(base, "hooks"))
+		replace_dir(buf, git_dir_len + 5, git_hooks_path);
+	else if (repo->different_commondir)
+		update_common_dir(buf, git_dir_len, repo->commondir);
+}
+
+static void strbuf_worktree_gitdir(struct strbuf *buf,
+				   const struct repository *repo,
+				   const struct worktree *wt)
+{
+	if (!wt)
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, repo->gitdir);
+	else if (!wt->id)
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, repo->commondir);
+	else
+		strbuf_git_common_path(buf, repo, "worktrees/%s", wt->id);
+}
+
+static void do_git_path(const struct repository *repo,
+			const struct worktree *wt, struct strbuf *buf,
+			const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+	int gitdir_len;
+	strbuf_worktree_gitdir(buf, repo, wt);
+	if (buf->len && !is_dir_sep(buf->buf[buf->len - 1]))
+		strbuf_addch(buf, '/');
+	gitdir_len = buf->len;
+	strbuf_vaddf(buf, fmt, args);
+	if (!wt)
+		adjust_git_path(repo, buf, gitdir_len);
+	strbuf_cleanup_path(buf);
+}
+
+char *repo_git_path(const struct repository *repo,
+		    const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
 	va_list args;
 	va_start(args, fmt);
-	ret = vsnpath(buf, n, fmt, args);
+	do_git_path(repo, NULL, &path, fmt, args);
 	va_end(args);
-	return ret;
+	return strbuf_detach(&path, NULL);
+}
+
+void strbuf_repo_git_path(struct strbuf *sb,
+			  const struct repository *repo,
+			  const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list args;
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	do_git_path(repo, NULL, sb, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+}
+
+char *git_path_buf(struct strbuf *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list args;
+	strbuf_reset(buf);
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	do_git_path(the_repository, NULL, buf, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+	return buf->buf;
+}
+
+void strbuf_git_path(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list args;
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	do_git_path(the_repository, NULL, sb, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+}
+
+const char *git_path(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	struct strbuf *pathname = get_pathname();
+	va_list args;
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	do_git_path(the_repository, NULL, pathname, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+	return pathname->buf;
 }
 
 char *git_pathdup(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	char path[PATH_MAX], *ret;
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
 	va_list args;
 	va_start(args, fmt);
-	ret = vsnpath(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
+	do_git_path(the_repository, NULL, &path, fmt, args);
 	va_end(args);
-	return xstrdup(ret);
+	return strbuf_detach(&path, NULL);
 }
 
 char *mkpathdup(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	char *path;
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	va_list args;
-
 	va_start(args, fmt);
 	strbuf_vaddf(&sb, fmt, args);
 	va_end(args);
-	path = xstrdup(cleanup_path(sb.buf));
+	strbuf_cleanup_path(&sb);
+	return strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+}
 
-	strbuf_release(&sb);
-	return path;
+const char *mkpath(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list args;
+	struct strbuf *pathname = get_pathname();
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	strbuf_vaddf(pathname, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+	return cleanup_path(pathname->buf);
 }
 
-char *mkpath(const char *fmt, ...)
+const char *worktree_git_path(const struct worktree *wt, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
+	struct strbuf *pathname = get_pathname();
 	va_list args;
-	unsigned len;
-	char *pathname = get_pathname();
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	do_git_path(the_repository, wt, pathname, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+	return pathname->buf;
+}
+
+static void do_worktree_path(const struct repository *repo,
+			     struct strbuf *buf,
+			     const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, repo->worktree);
+	if(buf->len && !is_dir_sep(buf->buf[buf->len - 1]))
+		strbuf_addch(buf, '/');
+
+	strbuf_vaddf(buf, fmt, args);
+	strbuf_cleanup_path(buf);
+}
+
+char *repo_worktree_path(const struct repository *repo, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	va_list args;
+
+	if (!repo->worktree)
+		return NULL;
 
 	va_start(args, fmt);
-	len = vsnprintf(pathname, PATH_MAX, fmt, args);
+	do_worktree_path(repo, &path, fmt, args);
 	va_end(args);
-	if (len >= PATH_MAX)
-		return bad_path;
-	return cleanup_path(pathname);
+
+	return strbuf_detach(&path, NULL);
 }
 
-char *git_path(const char *fmt, ...)
+void strbuf_repo_worktree_path(struct strbuf *sb,
+			       const struct repository *repo,
+			       const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	char *pathname = get_pathname();
 	va_list args;
-	char *ret;
+
+	if (!repo->worktree)
+		return;
 
 	va_start(args, fmt);
-	ret = vsnpath(pathname, PATH_MAX, fmt, args);
+	do_worktree_path(repo, sb, fmt, args);
 	va_end(args);
-	return ret;
 }
 
-void home_config_paths(char **global, char **xdg, char *file)
+/* Returns 0 on success, negative on failure. */
+static int do_submodule_path(struct strbuf *buf, const char *path,
+			     const char *fmt, va_list args)
 {
-	char *xdg_home = getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME");
-	char *home = getenv("HOME");
-	char *to_free = NULL;
+	struct strbuf git_submodule_common_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf git_submodule_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret;
 
-	if (!home) {
-		if (global)
-			*global = NULL;
-	} else {
-		if (!xdg_home) {
-			to_free = mkpathdup("%s/.config", home);
-			xdg_home = to_free;
-		}
-		if (global)
-			*global = mkpathdup("%s/.gitconfig", home);
-	}
+	ret = submodule_to_gitdir(&git_submodule_dir, path);
+	if (ret)
+		goto cleanup;
 
-	if (xdg) {
-		if (!xdg_home)
-			*xdg = NULL;
-		else
-			*xdg = mkpathdup("%s/git/%s", xdg_home, file);
-	}
+	strbuf_complete(&git_submodule_dir, '/');
+	strbuf_addbuf(buf, &git_submodule_dir);
+	strbuf_vaddf(buf, fmt, args);
+
+	if (get_common_dir_noenv(&git_submodule_common_dir, git_submodule_dir.buf))
+		update_common_dir(buf, git_submodule_dir.len, git_submodule_common_dir.buf);
+
+	strbuf_cleanup_path(buf);
 
-	free(to_free);
+cleanup:
+	strbuf_release(&git_submodule_dir);
+	strbuf_release(&git_submodule_common_dir);
+	return ret;
 }
 
-char *git_path_submodule(const char *path, const char *fmt, ...)
+char *git_pathdup_submodule(const char *path, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	char *pathname = get_pathname();
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *git_dir;
+	int err;
 	va_list args;
-	unsigned len;
-
-	len = strlen(path);
-	if (len > PATH_MAX-100)
-		return bad_path;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	err = do_submodule_path(&buf, path, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+	if (err) {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+}
 
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, path);
-	if (len && path[len-1] != '/')
-		strbuf_addch(&buf, '/');
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, ".git");
+int strbuf_git_path_submodule(struct strbuf *buf, const char *path,
+			      const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	int err;
+	va_list args;
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	err = do_submodule_path(buf, path, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
 
-	git_dir = read_gitfile(buf.buf);
-	if (git_dir) {
-		strbuf_reset(&buf);
-		strbuf_addstr(&buf, git_dir);
-	}
-	strbuf_addch(&buf, '/');
+	return err;
+}
 
-	if (buf.len >= PATH_MAX)
-		return bad_path;
-	memcpy(pathname, buf.buf, buf.len + 1);
+static void do_git_common_path(const struct repository *repo,
+			       struct strbuf *buf,
+			       const char *fmt,
+			       va_list args)
+{
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, repo->commondir);
+	if (buf->len && !is_dir_sep(buf->buf[buf->len - 1]))
+		strbuf_addch(buf, '/');
+	strbuf_vaddf(buf, fmt, args);
+	strbuf_cleanup_path(buf);
+}
 
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	len = strlen(pathname);
+const char *git_common_path(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	struct strbuf *pathname = get_pathname();
+	va_list args;
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	do_git_common_path(the_repository, pathname, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+	return pathname->buf;
+}
 
+void strbuf_git_common_path(struct strbuf *sb,
+			    const struct repository *repo,
+			    const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list args;
 	va_start(args, fmt);
-	len += vsnprintf(pathname + len, PATH_MAX - len, fmt, args);
+	do_git_common_path(repo, sb, fmt, args);
 	va_end(args);
-	if (len >= PATH_MAX)
-		return bad_path;
-	return cleanup_path(pathname);
 }
 
 int validate_headref(const char *path)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	char *buf, buffer[256];
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	char buffer[256];
+	const char *refname;
+	struct object_id oid;
 	int fd;
 	ssize_t len;
 
@@ -225,24 +663,24 @@ int validate_headref(const char *path)
 	len = read_in_full(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer)-1);
 	close(fd);
 
+	if (len < 0)
+		return -1;
+	buffer[len] = '\0';
+
 	/*
 	 * Is it a symbolic ref?
 	 */
-	if (len < 4)
-		return -1;
-	if (!memcmp("ref:", buffer, 4)) {
-		buf = buffer + 4;
-		len -= 4;
-		while (len && isspace(*buf))
-			buf++, len--;
-		if (len >= 5 && !memcmp("refs/", buf, 5))
+	if (skip_prefix(buffer, "ref:", &refname)) {
+		while (isspace(*refname))
+			refname++;
+		if (starts_with(refname, "refs/"))
 			return 0;
 	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Is this a detached HEAD?
 	 */
-	if (!get_sha1_hex(buffer, sha1))
+	if (!get_oid_hex(buffer, &oid))
 		return 0;
 
 	return -1;
@@ -261,8 +699,10 @@ static struct passwd *getpw_str(const char *username, size_t len)
  * Return a string with ~ and ~user expanded via getpw*.  If buf != NULL,
  * then it is a newly allocated string. Returns NULL on getpw failure or
  * if path is NULL.
+ *
+ * If real_home is true, real_path($HOME) is used in the expansion.
  */
-char *expand_user_path(const char *path)
+char *expand_user_path(const char *path, int real_home)
 {
 	struct strbuf user_path = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *to_copy = path;
@@ -277,7 +717,13 @@ char *expand_user_path(const char *path)
 			const char *home = getenv("HOME");
 			if (!home)
 				goto return_null;
-			strbuf_addstr(&user_path, home);
+			if (real_home)
+				strbuf_add_real_path(&user_path, home);
+			else
+				strbuf_addstr(&user_path, home);
+#ifdef GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE
+			convert_slashes(user_path.buf);
+#endif
 		} else {
 			struct passwd *pw = getpw_str(username, username_len);
 			if (!pw)
@@ -303,14 +749,9 @@ return_null:
  * (3) "relative/path" to mean cwd relative directory; or
  * (4) "/absolute/path" to mean absolute directory.
  *
- * Unless "strict" is given, we try access() for existence of "%s.git/.git",
- * "%s/.git", "%s.git", "%s" in this order.  The first one that exists is
- * what we try.
- *
- * Second, we try chdir() to that.  Upon failure, we return NULL.
- *
- * Then, we try if the current directory is a valid git repository.
- * Upon failure, we return NULL.
+ * Unless "strict" is given, we check "%s/.git", "%s", "%s.git/.git", "%s.git"
+ * in this order. We select the first one that is a valid git repository, and
+ * chdir() to it. If none match, or we fail to chdir, we return NULL.
  *
  * If all goes well, we return the directory we used to chdir() (but
  * before ~user is expanded), avoiding getcwd() resolving symbolic
@@ -319,8 +760,8 @@ return_null:
  */
 const char *enter_repo(const char *path, int strict)
 {
-	static char used_path[PATH_MAX];
-	static char validated_path[PATH_MAX];
+	static struct strbuf validated_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	static struct strbuf used_path = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (!path)
 		return NULL;
@@ -335,52 +776,57 @@ const char *enter_repo(const char *path, int strict)
 		while ((1 < len) && (path[len-1] == '/'))
 			len--;
 
+		/*
+		 * We can handle arbitrary-sized buffers, but this remains as a
+		 * sanity check on untrusted input.
+		 */
 		if (PATH_MAX <= len)
 			return NULL;
-		strncpy(used_path, path, len); used_path[len] = 0 ;
-		strcpy(validated_path, used_path);
 
-		if (used_path[0] == '~') {
-			char *newpath = expand_user_path(used_path);
-			if (!newpath || (PATH_MAX - 10 < strlen(newpath))) {
-				free(newpath);
+		strbuf_reset(&used_path);
+		strbuf_reset(&validated_path);
+		strbuf_add(&used_path, path, len);
+		strbuf_add(&validated_path, path, len);
+
+		if (used_path.buf[0] == '~') {
+			char *newpath = expand_user_path(used_path.buf, 0);
+			if (!newpath)
 				return NULL;
-			}
-			/*
-			 * Copy back into the static buffer. A pity
-			 * since newpath was not bounded, but other
-			 * branches of the if are limited by PATH_MAX
-			 * anyway.
-			 */
-			strcpy(used_path, newpath); free(newpath);
+			strbuf_attach(&used_path, newpath, strlen(newpath),
+				      strlen(newpath));
 		}
-		else if (PATH_MAX - 10 < len)
-			return NULL;
-		len = strlen(used_path);
 		for (i = 0; suffix[i]; i++) {
 			struct stat st;
-			strcpy(used_path + len, suffix[i]);
-			if (!stat(used_path, &st) &&
+			size_t baselen = used_path.len;
+			strbuf_addstr(&used_path, suffix[i]);
+			if (!stat(used_path.buf, &st) &&
 			    (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) ||
-			    (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) && is_git_directory(used_path)))) {
-				strcat(validated_path, suffix[i]);
+			    (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) && is_git_directory(used_path.buf)))) {
+				strbuf_addstr(&validated_path, suffix[i]);
 				break;
 			}
+			strbuf_setlen(&used_path, baselen);
 		}
 		if (!suffix[i])
 			return NULL;
-		gitfile = read_gitfile(used_path) ;
+		gitfile = read_gitfile(used_path.buf);
+		if (gitfile) {
+			strbuf_reset(&used_path);
+			strbuf_addstr(&used_path, gitfile);
+		}
+		if (chdir(used_path.buf))
+			return NULL;
+		path = validated_path.buf;
+	}
+	else {
+		const char *gitfile = read_gitfile(path);
 		if (gitfile)
-			strcpy(used_path, gitfile);
-		if (chdir(used_path))
+			path = gitfile;
+		if (chdir(path))
 			return NULL;
-		path = validated_path;
 	}
-	else if (chdir(path))
-		return NULL;
 
-	if (access("objects", X_OK) == 0 && access("refs", X_OK) == 0 &&
-	    validate_headref("HEAD") == 0) {
+	if (is_git_directory(".")) {
 		set_git_dir(".");
 		check_repository_format();
 		return path;
@@ -393,17 +839,17 @@ static int calc_shared_perm(int mode)
 {
 	int tweak;
 
-	if (shared_repository < 0)
-		tweak = -shared_repository;
+	if (get_shared_repository() < 0)
+		tweak = -get_shared_repository();
 	else
-		tweak = shared_repository;
+		tweak = get_shared_repository();
 
 	if (!(mode & S_IWUSR))
 		tweak &= ~0222;
 	if (mode & S_IXUSR)
 		/* Copy read bits to execute bits */
 		tweak |= (tweak & 0444) >> 2;
-	if (shared_repository < 0)
+	if (get_shared_repository() < 0)
 		mode = (mode & ~0777) | tweak;
 	else
 		mode |= tweak;
@@ -416,7 +862,7 @@ int adjust_shared_perm(const char *path)
 {
 	int old_mode, new_mode;
 
-	if (!shared_repository)
+	if (!get_shared_repository())
 		return 0;
 	if (get_st_mode_bits(path, &old_mode) < 0)
 		return -1;
@@ -434,6 +880,18 @@ int adjust_shared_perm(const char *path)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+void safe_create_dir(const char *dir, int share)
+{
+	if (mkdir(dir, 0777) < 0) {
+		if (errno != EEXIST) {
+			perror(dir);
+			exit(1);
+		}
+	}
+	else if (share && adjust_shared_perm(dir))
+		die(_("Could not make %s writable by group"), dir);
+}
+
 static int have_same_root(const char *path1, const char *path2)
 {
 	int is_abs1, is_abs2;
@@ -464,13 +922,10 @@ const char *relative_path(const char *in, const char *prefix,
 	else if (!prefix_len)
 		return in;
 
-	if (have_same_root(in, prefix)) {
+	if (have_same_root(in, prefix))
 		/* bypass dos_drive, for "c:" is identical to "C:" */
-		if (has_dos_drive_prefix(in)) {
-			i = 2;
-			j = 2;
-		}
-	} else {
+		i = j = has_dos_drive_prefix(in);
+	else {
 		return in;
 	}
 
@@ -559,7 +1014,7 @@ const char *relative_path(const char *in, const char *prefix,
  */
 const char *remove_leading_path(const char *in, const char *prefix)
 {
-	static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
+	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int i = 0, j = 0;
 
 	if (!prefix || !prefix[0])
@@ -588,11 +1043,13 @@ const char *remove_leading_path(const char *in, const char *prefix)
 		return in;
 	while (is_dir_sep(in[j]))
 		j++;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
 	if (!in[j])
-		strcpy(buf, ".");
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, ".");
 	else
-		strcpy(buf, in + j);
-	return buf;
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, in + j);
+	return buf.buf;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -600,7 +1057,7 @@ const char *remove_leading_path(const char *in, const char *prefix)
  *
  * Performs the following normalizations on src, storing the result in dst:
  * - Ensures that components are separated by '/' (Windows only)
- * - Squashes sequences of '/'.
+ * - Squashes sequences of '/' except "//server/share" on Windows
  * - Removes "." components.
  * - Removes ".." components, and the components the precede them.
  * Returns failure (non-zero) if a ".." component appears as first path
@@ -614,22 +1071,31 @@ const char *remove_leading_path(const char *in, const char *prefix)
  * normalized, any time "../" eats up to the prefix_len part,
  * prefix_len is reduced. In the end prefix_len is the remaining
  * prefix that has not been overridden by user pathspec.
+ *
+ * NEEDSWORK: This function doesn't perform normalization w.r.t. trailing '/'.
+ * For everything but the root folder itself, the normalized path should not
+ * end with a '/', then the callers need to be fixed up accordingly.
+ *
  */
 int normalize_path_copy_len(char *dst, const char *src, int *prefix_len)
 {
 	char *dst0;
+	const char *end;
 
-	if (has_dos_drive_prefix(src)) {
-		*dst++ = *src++;
-		*dst++ = *src++;
+	/*
+	 * Copy initial part of absolute path: "/", "C:/", "//server/share/".
+	 */
+	end = src + offset_1st_component(src);
+	while (src < end) {
+		char c = *src++;
+		if (is_dir_sep(c))
+			c = '/';
+		*dst++ = c;
 	}
 	dst0 = dst;
 
-	if (is_dir_sep(*src)) {
-		*dst++ = '/';
-		while (is_dir_sep(*src))
-			src++;
-	}
+	while (is_dir_sep(*src))
+		src++;
 
 	for (;;) {
 		char c = *src;
@@ -840,7 +1306,7 @@ static int only_spaces_and_periods(const char *path, size_t len, size_t skip)
 
 int is_ntfs_dotgit(const char *name)
 {
-	int len;
+	size_t len;
 
 	for (len = 0; ; len++)
 		if (!name[len] || name[len] == '\\' || is_dir_sep(name[len])) {
@@ -856,3 +1322,132 @@ int is_ntfs_dotgit(const char *name)
 			len = -1;
 		}
 }
+
+static int is_ntfs_dot_generic(const char *name,
+			       const char *dotgit_name,
+			       size_t len,
+			       const char *dotgit_ntfs_shortname_prefix)
+{
+	int saw_tilde;
+	size_t i;
+
+	if ((name[0] == '.' && !strncasecmp(name + 1, dotgit_name, len))) {
+		i = len + 1;
+only_spaces_and_periods:
+		for (;;) {
+			char c = name[i++];
+			if (!c)
+				return 1;
+			if (c != ' ' && c != '.')
+				return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Is it a regular NTFS short name, i.e. shortened to 6 characters,
+	 * followed by ~1, ... ~4?
+	 */
+	if (!strncasecmp(name, dotgit_name, 6) && name[6] == '~' &&
+	    name[7] >= '1' && name[7] <= '4') {
+		i = 8;
+		goto only_spaces_and_periods;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Is it a fall-back NTFS short name (for details, see
+	 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8.3_filename?
+	 */
+	for (i = 0, saw_tilde = 0; i < 8; i++)
+		if (name[i] == '\0')
+			return 0;
+		else if (saw_tilde) {
+			if (name[i] < '0' || name[i] > '9')
+				return 0;
+		} else if (name[i] == '~') {
+			if (name[++i] < '1' || name[i] > '9')
+				return 0;
+			saw_tilde = 1;
+		} else if (i >= 6)
+			return 0;
+		else if (name[i] < 0) {
+			/*
+			 * We know our needles contain only ASCII, so we clamp
+			 * here to make the results of tolower() sane.
+			 */
+			return 0;
+		} else if (tolower(name[i]) != dotgit_ntfs_shortname_prefix[i])
+			return 0;
+
+	goto only_spaces_and_periods;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Inline helper to make sure compiler resolves strlen() on literals at
+ * compile time.
+ */
+static inline int is_ntfs_dot_str(const char *name, const char *dotgit_name,
+				  const char *dotgit_ntfs_shortname_prefix)
+{
+	return is_ntfs_dot_generic(name, dotgit_name, strlen(dotgit_name),
+				   dotgit_ntfs_shortname_prefix);
+}
+
+int is_ntfs_dotgitmodules(const char *name)
+{
+	return is_ntfs_dot_str(name, "gitmodules", "gi7eba");
+}
+
+int is_ntfs_dotgitignore(const char *name)
+{
+	return is_ntfs_dot_str(name, "gitignore", "gi250a");
+}
+
+int is_ntfs_dotgitattributes(const char *name)
+{
+	return is_ntfs_dot_str(name, "gitattributes", "gi7d29");
+}
+
+int looks_like_command_line_option(const char *str)
+{
+	return str && str[0] == '-';
+}
+
+char *xdg_config_home(const char *filename)
+{
+	const char *home, *config_home;
+
+	assert(filename);
+	config_home = getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME");
+	if (config_home && *config_home)
+		return mkpathdup("%s/git/%s", config_home, filename);
+
+	home = getenv("HOME");
+	if (home)
+		return mkpathdup("%s/.config/git/%s", home, filename);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+char *xdg_cache_home(const char *filename)
+{
+	const char *home, *cache_home;
+
+	assert(filename);
+	cache_home = getenv("XDG_CACHE_HOME");
+	if (cache_home && *cache_home)
+		return mkpathdup("%s/git/%s", cache_home, filename);
+
+	home = getenv("HOME");
+	if (home)
+		return mkpathdup("%s/.cache/git/%s", home, filename);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+REPO_GIT_PATH_FUNC(cherry_pick_head, "CHERRY_PICK_HEAD")
+REPO_GIT_PATH_FUNC(revert_head, "REVERT_HEAD")
+REPO_GIT_PATH_FUNC(squash_msg, "SQUASH_MSG")
+REPO_GIT_PATH_FUNC(merge_msg, "MERGE_MSG")
+REPO_GIT_PATH_FUNC(merge_rr, "MERGE_RR")
+REPO_GIT_PATH_FUNC(merge_mode, "MERGE_MODE")
+REPO_GIT_PATH_FUNC(merge_head, "MERGE_HEAD")
+REPO_GIT_PATH_FUNC(fetch_head, "FETCH_HEAD")
+REPO_GIT_PATH_FUNC(shallow, "shallow")
diff --git a/path.h b/path.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b654ea8ff5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/path.h
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+#ifndef PATH_H
+#define PATH_H
+
+struct repository;
+struct strbuf;
+
+/*
+ * The result to all functions which return statically allocated memory may be
+ * overwritten by another call to _any_ one of these functions. Consider using
+ * the safer variants which operate on strbufs or return allocated memory.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Return a statically allocated path.
+ */
+extern const char *mkpath(const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+
+/*
+ * Return a path.
+ */
+extern char *mkpathdup(const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+
+/*
+ * Construct a path and place the result in the provided buffer `buf`.
+ */
+extern char *mksnpath(char *buf, size_t n, const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)));
+
+/*
+ * The `git_common_path` family of functions will construct a path into a
+ * repository's common git directory, which is shared by all worktrees.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Constructs a path into the common git directory of repository `repo` and
+ * append it in the provided buffer `sb`.
+ */
+extern void strbuf_git_common_path(struct strbuf *sb,
+				   const struct repository *repo,
+				   const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)));
+
+/*
+ * Return a statically allocated path into the main repository's
+ * (the_repository) common git directory.
+ */
+extern const char *git_common_path(const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+
+
+/*
+ * The `git_path` family of functions will construct a path into a repository's
+ * git directory.
+ *
+ * These functions will perform adjustments to the resultant path to account
+ * for special paths which are either considered common among worktrees (e.g.
+ * paths into the object directory) or have been explicitly set via an
+ * environment variable or config (e.g. path to the index file).
+ *
+ * For an exhaustive list of the adjustments made look at `common_list` and
+ * `adjust_git_path` in path.c.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Return a path into the git directory of repository `repo`.
+ */
+extern char *repo_git_path(const struct repository *repo,
+			   const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+
+/*
+ * Construct a path into the git directory of repository `repo` and append it
+ * to the provided buffer `sb`.
+ */
+extern void strbuf_repo_git_path(struct strbuf *sb,
+				 const struct repository *repo,
+				 const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)));
+
+/*
+ * Return a statically allocated path into the main repository's
+ * (the_repository) git directory.
+ */
+extern const char *git_path(const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+
+/*
+ * Return a path into the main repository's (the_repository) git directory.
+ */
+extern char *git_pathdup(const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+
+/*
+ * Construct a path into the main repository's (the_repository) git directory
+ * and place it in the provided buffer `buf`, the contents of the buffer will
+ * be overridden.
+ */
+extern char *git_path_buf(struct strbuf *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+
+/*
+ * Construct a path into the main repository's (the_repository) git directory
+ * and append it to the provided buffer `sb`.
+ */
+extern void strbuf_git_path(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+
+/*
+ * Return a path into the worktree of repository `repo`.
+ *
+ * If the repository doesn't have a worktree NULL is returned.
+ */
+extern char *repo_worktree_path(const struct repository *repo,
+				const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+
+/*
+ * Construct a path into the worktree of repository `repo` and append it
+ * to the provided buffer `sb`.
+ *
+ * If the repository doesn't have a worktree nothing will be appended to `sb`.
+ */
+extern void strbuf_repo_worktree_path(struct strbuf *sb,
+				      const struct repository *repo,
+				      const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)));
+
+/*
+ * Return a path into a submodule's git directory located at `path`.  `path`
+ * must only reference a submodule of the main repository (the_repository).
+ */
+extern char *git_pathdup_submodule(const char *path, const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+
+/*
+ * Construct a path into a submodule's git directory located at `path` and
+ * append it to the provided buffer `sb`.  `path` must only reference a
+ * submodule of the main repository (the_repository).
+ */
+extern int strbuf_git_path_submodule(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path,
+				     const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)));
+
+extern void report_linked_checkout_garbage(void);
+
+/*
+ * You can define a static memoized git path like:
+ *
+ *    static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_foo, "FOO")
+ *
+ * or use one of the global ones below.
+ */
+#define GIT_PATH_FUNC(func, filename) \
+	const char *func(void) \
+	{ \
+		static char *ret; \
+		if (!ret) \
+			ret = git_pathdup(filename); \
+		return ret; \
+	}
+
+#define REPO_GIT_PATH_FUNC(var, filename) \
+	const char *git_path_##var(struct repository *r) \
+	{ \
+		if (!r->cached_paths.var) \
+			r->cached_paths.var = git_pathdup(filename); \
+		return r->cached_paths.var; \
+	}
+
+struct path_cache {
+	const char *cherry_pick_head;
+	const char *revert_head;
+	const char *squash_msg;
+	const char *merge_msg;
+	const char *merge_rr;
+	const char *merge_mode;
+	const char *merge_head;
+	const char *fetch_head;
+	const char *shallow;
+};
+
+#define PATH_CACHE_INIT { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL }
+
+const char *git_path_cherry_pick_head(struct repository *r);
+const char *git_path_revert_head(struct repository *r);
+const char *git_path_squash_msg(struct repository *r);
+const char *git_path_merge_msg(struct repository *r);
+const char *git_path_merge_rr(struct repository *r);
+const char *git_path_merge_mode(struct repository *r);
+const char *git_path_merge_head(struct repository *r);
+const char *git_path_fetch_head(struct repository *r);
+const char *git_path_shallow(struct repository *r);
+
+#endif /* PATH_H */
diff --git a/pathspec.c b/pathspec.c
index 9304ee33d7..6f005996fd 100644
--- a/pathspec.c
+++ b/pathspec.c
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
+#define NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "pathspec.h"
+#include "attr.h"
 
 /*
  * Finds which of the given pathspecs match items in the index.
@@ -16,6 +19,7 @@
  * to use find_pathspecs_matching_against_index() instead.
  */
 void add_pathspec_matches_against_index(const struct pathspec *pathspec,
+					const struct index_state *istate,
 					char *seen)
 {
 	int num_unmatched = 0, i;
@@ -31,9 +35,9 @@ void add_pathspec_matches_against_index(const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 			num_unmatched++;
 	if (!num_unmatched)
 		return;
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-		ce_path_match(ce, pathspec, seen);
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
+		ce_path_match(istate, ce, pathspec, seen);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -45,10 +49,11 @@ void add_pathspec_matches_against_index(const struct pathspec *pathspec,
  * nature of the "closest" (i.e. most specific) matches which each of the
  * given pathspecs achieves against all items in the index.
  */
-char *find_pathspecs_matching_against_index(const struct pathspec *pathspec)
+char *find_pathspecs_matching_against_index(const struct pathspec *pathspec,
+					    const struct index_state *istate)
 {
 	char *seen = xcalloc(pathspec->nr, 1);
-	add_pathspec_matches_against_index(pathspec, seen);
+	add_pathspec_matches_against_index(pathspec, istate, seen);
 	return seen;
 }
 
@@ -67,20 +72,20 @@ static struct pathspec_magic {
 	char mnemonic; /* this cannot be ':'! */
 	const char *name;
 } pathspec_magic[] = {
-	{ PATHSPEC_FROMTOP, '/', "top" },
-	{ PATHSPEC_LITERAL,   0, "literal" },
-	{ PATHSPEC_GLOB,   '\0', "glob" },
-	{ PATHSPEC_ICASE,  '\0', "icase" },
-	{ PATHSPEC_EXCLUDE, '!', "exclude" },
+	{ PATHSPEC_FROMTOP,  '/', "top" },
+	{ PATHSPEC_LITERAL, '\0', "literal" },
+	{ PATHSPEC_GLOB,    '\0', "glob" },
+	{ PATHSPEC_ICASE,   '\0', "icase" },
+	{ PATHSPEC_EXCLUDE,  '!', "exclude" },
+	{ PATHSPEC_ATTR,    '\0', "attr" },
 };
 
-static void prefix_short_magic(struct strbuf *sb, int prefixlen,
-			       unsigned short_magic)
+static void prefix_magic(struct strbuf *sb, int prefixlen, unsigned magic)
 {
 	int i;
 	strbuf_addstr(sb, ":(");
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pathspec_magic); i++)
-		if (short_magic & pathspec_magic[i].bit) {
+		if (magic & pathspec_magic[i].bit) {
 			if (sb->buf[sb->len - 1] != '(')
 				strbuf_addch(sb, ',');
 			strbuf_addstr(sb, pathspec_magic[i].name);
@@ -88,54 +93,171 @@ static void prefix_short_magic(struct strbuf *sb, int prefixlen,
 	strbuf_addf(sb, ",prefix:%d)", prefixlen);
 }
 
-/*
- * Take an element of a pathspec and check for magic signatures.
- * Append the result to the prefix. Return the magic bitmap.
- *
- * For now, we only parse the syntax and throw out anything other than
- * "top" magic.
- *
- * NEEDSWORK: This needs to be rewritten when we start migrating
- * get_pathspec() users to use the "struct pathspec" interface.  For
- * example, a pathspec element may be marked as case-insensitive, but
- * the prefix part must always match literally, and a single stupid
- * string cannot express such a case.
- */
-static unsigned prefix_pathspec(struct pathspec_item *item,
-				unsigned *p_short_magic,
-				const char **raw, unsigned flags,
-				const char *prefix, int prefixlen,
-				const char *elt)
+static size_t strcspn_escaped(const char *s, const char *stop)
 {
-	static int literal_global = -1;
-	static int glob_global = -1;
-	static int noglob_global = -1;
-	static int icase_global = -1;
-	unsigned magic = 0, short_magic = 0, global_magic = 0;
-	const char *copyfrom = elt, *long_magic_end = NULL;
-	char *match;
-	int i, pathspec_prefix = -1;
+	const char *i;
+
+	for (i = s; *i; i++) {
+		/* skip the escaped character */
+		if (i[0] == '\\' && i[1]) {
+			i++;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (strchr(stop, *i))
+			break;
+	}
+	return i - s;
+}
+
+static inline int invalid_value_char(const char ch)
+{
+	if (isalnum(ch) || strchr(",-_", ch))
+		return 0;
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static char *attr_value_unescape(const char *value)
+{
+	const char *src;
+	char *dst, *ret;
+
+	ret = xmallocz(strlen(value));
+	for (src = value, dst = ret; *src; src++, dst++) {
+		if (*src == '\\') {
+			if (!src[1])
+				die(_("Escape character '\\' not allowed as "
+				      "last character in attr value"));
+			src++;
+		}
+		if (invalid_value_char(*src))
+			die("cannot use '%c' for value matching", *src);
+		*dst = *src;
+	}
+	*dst = '\0';
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void parse_pathspec_attr_match(struct pathspec_item *item, const char *value)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *si;
+	struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+
+	if (item->attr_check || item->attr_match)
+		die(_("Only one 'attr:' specification is allowed."));
+
+	if (!value || !*value)
+		die(_("attr spec must not be empty"));
+
+	string_list_split(&list, value, ' ', -1);
+	string_list_remove_empty_items(&list, 0);
+
+	item->attr_check = attr_check_alloc();
+	item->attr_match = xcalloc(list.nr, sizeof(struct attr_match));
+
+	for_each_string_list_item(si, &list) {
+		size_t attr_len;
+		char *attr_name;
+		const struct git_attr *a;
+
+		int j = item->attr_match_nr++;
+		const char *attr = si->string;
+		struct attr_match *am = &item->attr_match[j];
+
+		switch (*attr) {
+		case '!':
+			am->match_mode = MATCH_UNSPECIFIED;
+			attr++;
+			attr_len = strlen(attr);
+			break;
+		case '-':
+			am->match_mode = MATCH_UNSET;
+			attr++;
+			attr_len = strlen(attr);
+			break;
+		default:
+			attr_len = strcspn(attr, "=");
+			if (attr[attr_len] != '=')
+				am->match_mode = MATCH_SET;
+			else {
+				const char *v = &attr[attr_len + 1];
+				am->match_mode = MATCH_VALUE;
+				am->value = attr_value_unescape(v);
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+
+		attr_name = xmemdupz(attr, attr_len);
+		a = git_attr(attr_name);
+		if (!a)
+			die(_("invalid attribute name %s"), attr_name);
+
+		attr_check_append(item->attr_check, a);
+
+		free(attr_name);
+	}
+
+	if (item->attr_check->nr != item->attr_match_nr)
+		BUG("should have same number of entries");
+
+	string_list_clear(&list, 0);
+}
+
+static inline int get_literal_global(void)
+{
+	static int literal = -1;
+
+	if (literal < 0)
+		literal = git_env_bool(GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT, 0);
+
+	return literal;
+}
+
+static inline int get_glob_global(void)
+{
+	static int glob = -1;
+
+	if (glob < 0)
+		glob = git_env_bool(GIT_GLOB_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT, 0);
+
+	return glob;
+}
+
+static inline int get_noglob_global(void)
+{
+	static int noglob = -1;
+
+	if (noglob < 0)
+		noglob = git_env_bool(GIT_NOGLOB_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT, 0);
+
+	return noglob;
+}
+
+static inline int get_icase_global(void)
+{
+	static int icase = -1;
+
+	if (icase < 0)
+		icase = git_env_bool(GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT, 0);
+
+	return icase;
+}
+
+static int get_global_magic(int element_magic)
+{
+	int global_magic = 0;
 
-	if (literal_global < 0)
-		literal_global = git_env_bool(GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT, 0);
-	if (literal_global)
+	if (get_literal_global())
 		global_magic |= PATHSPEC_LITERAL;
 
-	if (glob_global < 0)
-		glob_global = git_env_bool(GIT_GLOB_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT, 0);
-	if (glob_global)
+	/* --glob-pathspec is overridden by :(literal) */
+	if (get_glob_global() && !(element_magic & PATHSPEC_LITERAL))
 		global_magic |= PATHSPEC_GLOB;
 
-	if (noglob_global < 0)
-		noglob_global = git_env_bool(GIT_NOGLOB_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT, 0);
-
-	if (glob_global && noglob_global)
+	if (get_glob_global() && get_noglob_global())
 		die(_("global 'glob' and 'noglob' pathspec settings are incompatible"));
 
-
-	if (icase_global < 0)
-		icase_global = git_env_bool(GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT, 0);
-	if (icase_global)
+	if (get_icase_global())
 		global_magic |= PATHSPEC_ICASE;
 
 	if ((global_magic & PATHSPEC_LITERAL) &&
@@ -143,92 +265,169 @@ static unsigned prefix_pathspec(struct pathspec_item *item,
 		die(_("global 'literal' pathspec setting is incompatible "
 		      "with all other global pathspec settings"));
 
-	if (flags & PATHSPEC_LITERAL_PATH)
-		global_magic = 0;
+	/* --noglob-pathspec adds :(literal) _unless_ :(glob) is specified */
+	if (get_noglob_global() && !(element_magic & PATHSPEC_GLOB))
+		global_magic |= PATHSPEC_LITERAL;
+
+	return global_magic;
+}
 
-	if (elt[0] != ':' || literal_global ||
-	    (flags & PATHSPEC_LITERAL_PATH)) {
-		; /* nothing to do */
-	} else if (elt[1] == '(') {
-		/* longhand */
-		const char *nextat;
-		for (copyfrom = elt + 2;
-		     *copyfrom && *copyfrom != ')';
-		     copyfrom = nextat) {
-			size_t len = strcspn(copyfrom, ",)");
-			if (copyfrom[len] == ',')
-				nextat = copyfrom + len + 1;
-			else
-				/* handle ')' and '\0' */
-				nextat = copyfrom + len;
-			if (!len)
-				continue;
-			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pathspec_magic); i++) {
-				if (strlen(pathspec_magic[i].name) == len &&
-				    !strncmp(pathspec_magic[i].name, copyfrom, len)) {
-					magic |= pathspec_magic[i].bit;
-					break;
-				}
-				if (starts_with(copyfrom, "prefix:")) {
-					char *endptr;
-					pathspec_prefix = strtol(copyfrom + 7,
-								 &endptr, 10);
-					if (endptr - copyfrom != len)
-						die(_("invalid parameter for pathspec magic 'prefix'"));
-					/* "i" would be wrong, but it does not matter */
-					break;
-				}
+/*
+ * Parse the pathspec element looking for long magic
+ *
+ * saves all magic in 'magic'
+ * if prefix magic is used, save the prefix length in 'prefix_len'
+ * returns the position in 'elem' after all magic has been parsed
+ */
+static const char *parse_long_magic(unsigned *magic, int *prefix_len,
+				    struct pathspec_item *item,
+				    const char *elem)
+{
+	const char *pos;
+	const char *nextat;
+
+	for (pos = elem + 2; *pos && *pos != ')'; pos = nextat) {
+		size_t len = strcspn_escaped(pos, ",)");
+		int i;
+
+		if (pos[len] == ',')
+			nextat = pos + len + 1; /* handle ',' */
+		else
+			nextat = pos + len; /* handle ')' and '\0' */
+
+		if (!len)
+			continue;
+
+		if (starts_with(pos, "prefix:")) {
+			char *endptr;
+			*prefix_len = strtol(pos + 7, &endptr, 10);
+			if (endptr - pos != len)
+				die(_("invalid parameter for pathspec magic 'prefix'"));
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (starts_with(pos, "attr:")) {
+			char *attr_body = xmemdupz(pos + 5, len - 5);
+			parse_pathspec_attr_match(item, attr_body);
+			*magic |= PATHSPEC_ATTR;
+			free(attr_body);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pathspec_magic); i++) {
+			if (strlen(pathspec_magic[i].name) == len &&
+			    !strncmp(pathspec_magic[i].name, pos, len)) {
+				*magic |= pathspec_magic[i].bit;
+				break;
 			}
-			if (ARRAY_SIZE(pathspec_magic) <= i)
-				die(_("Invalid pathspec magic '%.*s' in '%s'"),
-				    (int) len, copyfrom, elt);
 		}
-		if (*copyfrom != ')')
-			die(_("Missing ')' at the end of pathspec magic in '%s'"), elt);
-		long_magic_end = copyfrom;
-		copyfrom++;
-	} else {
-		/* shorthand */
-		for (copyfrom = elt + 1;
-		     *copyfrom && *copyfrom != ':';
-		     copyfrom++) {
-			char ch = *copyfrom;
 
-			if (!is_pathspec_magic(ch))
+		if (ARRAY_SIZE(pathspec_magic) <= i)
+			die(_("Invalid pathspec magic '%.*s' in '%s'"),
+			    (int) len, pos, elem);
+	}
+
+	if (*pos != ')')
+		die(_("Missing ')' at the end of pathspec magic in '%s'"),
+		    elem);
+	pos++;
+
+	return pos;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse the pathspec element looking for short magic
+ *
+ * saves all magic in 'magic'
+ * returns the position in 'elem' after all magic has been parsed
+ */
+static const char *parse_short_magic(unsigned *magic, const char *elem)
+{
+	const char *pos;
+
+	for (pos = elem + 1; *pos && *pos != ':'; pos++) {
+		char ch = *pos;
+		int i;
+
+		/* Special case alias for '!' */
+		if (ch == '^') {
+			*magic |= PATHSPEC_EXCLUDE;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!is_pathspec_magic(ch))
+			break;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pathspec_magic); i++) {
+			if (pathspec_magic[i].mnemonic == ch) {
+				*magic |= pathspec_magic[i].bit;
 				break;
-			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pathspec_magic); i++)
-				if (pathspec_magic[i].mnemonic == ch) {
-					short_magic |= pathspec_magic[i].bit;
-					break;
-				}
-			if (ARRAY_SIZE(pathspec_magic) <= i)
-				die(_("Unimplemented pathspec magic '%c' in '%s'"),
-				    ch, elt);
+			}
 		}
-		if (*copyfrom == ':')
-			copyfrom++;
+
+		if (ARRAY_SIZE(pathspec_magic) <= i)
+			die(_("Unimplemented pathspec magic '%c' in '%s'"),
+			    ch, elem);
 	}
 
-	magic |= short_magic;
-	*p_short_magic = short_magic;
+	if (*pos == ':')
+		pos++;
 
-	/* --noglob-pathspec adds :(literal) _unless_ :(glob) is specified */
-	if (noglob_global && !(magic & PATHSPEC_GLOB))
-		global_magic |= PATHSPEC_LITERAL;
+	return pos;
+}
 
-	/* --glob-pathspec is overridden by :(literal) */
-	if ((global_magic & PATHSPEC_GLOB) && (magic & PATHSPEC_LITERAL))
-		global_magic &= ~PATHSPEC_GLOB;
+static const char *parse_element_magic(unsigned *magic, int *prefix_len,
+				       struct pathspec_item *item,
+				       const char *elem)
+{
+	if (elem[0] != ':' || get_literal_global())
+		return elem; /* nothing to do */
+	else if (elem[1] == '(')
+		/* longhand */
+		return parse_long_magic(magic, prefix_len, item, elem);
+	else
+		/* shorthand */
+		return parse_short_magic(magic, elem);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Perform the initialization of a pathspec_item based on a pathspec element.
+ */
+static void init_pathspec_item(struct pathspec_item *item, unsigned flags,
+			       const char *prefix, int prefixlen,
+			       const char *elt)
+{
+	unsigned magic = 0, element_magic = 0;
+	const char *copyfrom = elt;
+	char *match;
+	int pathspec_prefix = -1;
+
+	item->attr_check = NULL;
+	item->attr_match = NULL;
+	item->attr_match_nr = 0;
+
+	/* PATHSPEC_LITERAL_PATH ignores magic */
+	if (flags & PATHSPEC_LITERAL_PATH) {
+		magic = PATHSPEC_LITERAL;
+	} else {
+		copyfrom = parse_element_magic(&element_magic,
+					       &pathspec_prefix,
+					       item,
+					       elt);
+		magic |= element_magic;
+		magic |= get_global_magic(element_magic);
+	}
 
-	magic |= global_magic;
+	item->magic = magic;
 
 	if (pathspec_prefix >= 0 &&
 	    (prefixlen || (prefix && *prefix)))
-		die("BUG: 'prefix' magic is supposed to be used at worktree's root");
+		BUG("'prefix' magic is supposed to be used at worktree's root");
 
 	if ((magic & PATHSPEC_LITERAL) && (magic & PATHSPEC_GLOB))
 		die(_("%s: 'literal' and 'glob' are incompatible"), elt);
 
+	/* Create match string which will be used for pathspec matching */
 	if (pathspec_prefix >= 0) {
 		match = xstrdup(copyfrom);
 		prefixlen = pathspec_prefix;
@@ -236,69 +435,41 @@ static unsigned prefix_pathspec(struct pathspec_item *item,
 		match = xstrdup(copyfrom);
 		prefixlen = 0;
 	} else {
-		match = prefix_path_gently(prefix, prefixlen, &prefixlen, copyfrom);
+		match = prefix_path_gently(prefix, prefixlen,
+					   &prefixlen, copyfrom);
 		if (!match)
 			die(_("%s: '%s' is outside repository"), elt, copyfrom);
 	}
-	*raw = item->match = match;
+
+	item->match = match;
+	item->len = strlen(item->match);
+	item->prefix = prefixlen;
+
 	/*
 	 * Prefix the pathspec (keep all magic) and assign to
 	 * original. Useful for passing to another command.
 	 */
-	if (flags & PATHSPEC_PREFIX_ORIGIN) {
+	if ((flags & PATHSPEC_PREFIX_ORIGIN) &&
+	    !get_literal_global()) {
 		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-		if (prefixlen && !literal_global) {
-			/* Preserve the actual prefix length of each pattern */
-			if (short_magic)
-				prefix_short_magic(&sb, prefixlen, short_magic);
-			else if (long_magic_end) {
-				strbuf_add(&sb, elt, long_magic_end - elt);
-				strbuf_addf(&sb, ",prefix:%d)", prefixlen);
-			} else
-				strbuf_addf(&sb, ":(prefix:%d)", prefixlen);
-		}
+
+		/* Preserve the actual prefix length of each pattern */
+		prefix_magic(&sb, prefixlen, element_magic);
+
 		strbuf_addstr(&sb, match);
 		item->original = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
-	} else
-		item->original = elt;
-	item->len = strlen(item->match);
-	item->prefix = prefixlen;
-
-	if ((flags & PATHSPEC_STRIP_SUBMODULE_SLASH_CHEAP) &&
-	    (item->len >= 1 && item->match[item->len - 1] == '/') &&
-	    (i = cache_name_pos(item->match, item->len - 1)) >= 0 &&
-	    S_ISGITLINK(active_cache[i]->ce_mode)) {
-		item->len--;
-		match[item->len] = '\0';
+	} else {
+		item->original = xstrdup(elt);
 	}
 
-	if (flags & PATHSPEC_STRIP_SUBMODULE_SLASH_EXPENSIVE)
-		for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-			struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-			int ce_len = ce_namelen(ce);
-
-			if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
-				continue;
-
-			if (item->len <= ce_len || match[ce_len] != '/' ||
-			    memcmp(ce->name, match, ce_len))
-				continue;
-			if (item->len == ce_len + 1) {
-				/* strip trailing slash */
-				item->len--;
-				match[item->len] = '\0';
-			} else
-				die (_("Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"),
-				     elt, ce_len, ce->name);
-		}
-
-	if (magic & PATHSPEC_LITERAL)
+	if (magic & PATHSPEC_LITERAL) {
 		item->nowildcard_len = item->len;
-	else {
+	} else {
 		item->nowildcard_len = simple_length(item->match);
 		if (item->nowildcard_len < prefixlen)
 			item->nowildcard_len = prefixlen;
 	}
+
 	item->flags = 0;
 	if (magic & PATHSPEC_GLOB) {
 		/*
@@ -313,9 +484,10 @@ static unsigned prefix_pathspec(struct pathspec_item *item,
 	}
 
 	/* sanity checks, pathspec matchers assume these are sane */
-	assert(item->nowildcard_len <= item->len &&
-	       item->prefix         <= item->len);
-	return magic;
+	if (item->nowildcard_len > item->len ||
+	    item->prefix         > item->len) {
+		BUG("error initializing pathspec_item");
+	}
 }
 
 static int pathspec_item_cmp(const void *a_, const void *b_)
@@ -328,22 +500,22 @@ static int pathspec_item_cmp(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 }
 
 static void NORETURN unsupported_magic(const char *pattern,
-				       unsigned magic,
-				       unsigned short_magic)
+				       unsigned magic)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int i, n;
-	for (n = i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pathspec_magic); i++) {
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pathspec_magic); i++) {
 		const struct pathspec_magic *m = pathspec_magic + i;
 		if (!(magic & m->bit))
 			continue;
 		if (sb.len)
-			strbuf_addch(&sb, ' ');
-		if (short_magic & m->bit)
-			strbuf_addf(&sb, "'%c'", m->mnemonic);
+			strbuf_addstr(&sb, ", ");
+
+		if (m->mnemonic)
+			strbuf_addf(&sb, _("'%s' (mnemonic: '%c')"),
+				    m->name, m->mnemonic);
 		else
 			strbuf_addf(&sb, "'%s'", m->name);
-		n++;
 	}
 	/*
 	 * We may want to substitute "this command" with a command
@@ -354,10 +526,6 @@ static void NORETURN unsupported_magic(const char *pattern,
 	    pattern, sb.buf);
 }
 
-/*
- * Given command line arguments and a prefix, convert the input to
- * pathspec. die() if any magic in magic_mask is used.
- */
 void parse_pathspec(struct pathspec *pathspec,
 		    unsigned magic_mask, unsigned flags,
 		    const char *prefix, const char **argv)
@@ -377,55 +545,47 @@ void parse_pathspec(struct pathspec *pathspec,
 
 	if ((flags & PATHSPEC_PREFER_CWD) &&
 	    (flags & PATHSPEC_PREFER_FULL))
-		die("BUG: PATHSPEC_PREFER_CWD and PATHSPEC_PREFER_FULL are incompatible");
+		BUG("PATHSPEC_PREFER_CWD and PATHSPEC_PREFER_FULL are incompatible");
 
 	/* No arguments with prefix -> prefix pathspec */
 	if (!entry) {
-		static const char *raw[2];
-
 		if (flags & PATHSPEC_PREFER_FULL)
 			return;
 
 		if (!(flags & PATHSPEC_PREFER_CWD))
-			die("BUG: PATHSPEC_PREFER_CWD requires arguments");
+			BUG("PATHSPEC_PREFER_CWD requires arguments");
 
 		pathspec->items = item = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*item));
-		item->match = prefix;
-		item->original = prefix;
+		item->match = xstrdup(prefix);
+		item->original = xstrdup(prefix);
 		item->nowildcard_len = item->len = strlen(prefix);
 		item->prefix = item->len;
-		raw[0] = prefix;
-		raw[1] = NULL;
 		pathspec->nr = 1;
-		pathspec->_raw = raw;
 		return;
 	}
 
 	n = 0;
-	while (argv[n])
+	while (argv[n]) {
+		if (*argv[n] == '\0')
+			die("empty string is not a valid pathspec. "
+				  "please use . instead if you meant to match all paths");
 		n++;
+	}
 
 	pathspec->nr = n;
-	pathspec->items = item = xmalloc(sizeof(*item) * n);
-	pathspec->_raw = argv;
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(pathspec->items, n + 1);
+	item = pathspec->items;
 	prefixlen = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-		unsigned short_magic;
 		entry = argv[i];
 
-		item[i].magic = prefix_pathspec(item + i, &short_magic,
-						argv + i, flags,
-						prefix, prefixlen, entry);
-		if ((flags & PATHSPEC_LITERAL_PATH) &&
-		    !(magic_mask & PATHSPEC_LITERAL))
-			item[i].magic |= PATHSPEC_LITERAL;
+		init_pathspec_item(item + i, flags, prefix, prefixlen, entry);
+
 		if (item[i].magic & PATHSPEC_EXCLUDE)
 			nr_exclude++;
 		if (item[i].magic & magic_mask)
-			unsupported_magic(entry,
-					  item[i].magic & magic_mask,
-					  short_magic);
+			unsupported_magic(entry, item[i].magic & magic_mask);
 
 		if ((flags & PATHSPEC_SYMLINK_LEADING_PATH) &&
 		    has_symlink_leading_path(item[i].match, item[i].len)) {
@@ -437,59 +597,65 @@ void parse_pathspec(struct pathspec *pathspec,
 		pathspec->magic |= item[i].magic;
 	}
 
-	if (nr_exclude == n)
-		die(_("There is nothing to exclude from by :(exclude) patterns.\n"
-		      "Perhaps you forgot to add either ':/' or '.' ?"));
-
+	/*
+	 * If everything is an exclude pattern, add one positive pattern
+	 * that matches everything. We allocated an extra one for this.
+	 */
+	if (nr_exclude == n) {
+		int plen = (!(flags & PATHSPEC_PREFER_CWD)) ? 0 : prefixlen;
+		init_pathspec_item(item + n, 0, prefix, plen, "");
+		pathspec->nr++;
+	}
 
 	if (pathspec->magic & PATHSPEC_MAXDEPTH) {
 		if (flags & PATHSPEC_KEEP_ORDER)
-			die("BUG: PATHSPEC_MAXDEPTH_VALID and PATHSPEC_KEEP_ORDER are incompatible");
-		qsort(pathspec->items, pathspec->nr,
-		      sizeof(struct pathspec_item), pathspec_item_cmp);
+			BUG("PATHSPEC_MAXDEPTH_VALID and PATHSPEC_KEEP_ORDER are incompatible");
+		QSORT(pathspec->items, pathspec->nr, pathspec_item_cmp);
 	}
 }
 
-/*
- * N.B. get_pathspec() is deprecated in favor of the "struct pathspec"
- * based interface - see pathspec.c:parse_pathspec().
- *
- * Arguments:
- *  - prefix - a path relative to the root of the working tree
- *  - pathspec - a list of paths underneath the prefix path
- *
- * Iterates over pathspec, prepending each path with prefix,
- * and return the resulting list.
- *
- * If pathspec is empty, return a singleton list containing prefix.
- *
- * If pathspec and prefix are both empty, return an empty list.
- *
- * This is typically used by built-in commands such as add.c, in order
- * to normalize argv arguments provided to the built-in into a list of
- * paths to process, all relative to the root of the working tree.
- */
-const char **get_pathspec(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec)
-{
-	struct pathspec ps;
-	parse_pathspec(&ps,
-		       PATHSPEC_ALL_MAGIC &
-		       ~(PATHSPEC_FROMTOP | PATHSPEC_LITERAL),
-		       PATHSPEC_PREFER_CWD,
-		       prefix, pathspec);
-	return ps._raw;
-}
-
 void copy_pathspec(struct pathspec *dst, const struct pathspec *src)
 {
+	int i, j;
+
 	*dst = *src;
-	dst->items = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pathspec_item) * dst->nr);
-	memcpy(dst->items, src->items,
-	       sizeof(struct pathspec_item) * dst->nr);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(dst->items, dst->nr);
+	COPY_ARRAY(dst->items, src->items, dst->nr);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < dst->nr; i++) {
+		struct pathspec_item *d = &dst->items[i];
+		struct pathspec_item *s = &src->items[i];
+
+		d->match = xstrdup(s->match);
+		d->original = xstrdup(s->original);
+
+		ALLOC_ARRAY(d->attr_match, d->attr_match_nr);
+		COPY_ARRAY(d->attr_match, s->attr_match, d->attr_match_nr);
+		for (j = 0; j < d->attr_match_nr; j++) {
+			const char *value = s->attr_match[j].value;
+			d->attr_match[j].value = xstrdup_or_null(value);
+		}
+
+		d->attr_check = attr_check_dup(s->attr_check);
+	}
 }
 
-void free_pathspec(struct pathspec *pathspec)
+void clear_pathspec(struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
-	free(pathspec->items);
-	pathspec->items = NULL;
+	int i, j;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < pathspec->nr; i++) {
+		free(pathspec->items[i].match);
+		free(pathspec->items[i].original);
+
+		for (j = 0; j < pathspec->items[i].attr_match_nr; j++)
+			free(pathspec->items[i].attr_match[j].value);
+		free(pathspec->items[i].attr_match);
+
+		if (pathspec->items[i].attr_check)
+			attr_check_free(pathspec->items[i].attr_check);
+	}
+
+	FREE_AND_NULL(pathspec->items);
+	pathspec->nr = 0;
 }
diff --git a/pathspec.h b/pathspec.h
index 0c1126264a..a6525a6551 100644
--- a/pathspec.h
+++ b/pathspec.h
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef PATHSPEC_H
 #define PATHSPEC_H
 
+struct index_state;
+
 /* Pathspec magic */
 #define PATHSPEC_FROMTOP	(1<<0)
 #define PATHSPEC_MAXDEPTH	(1<<1)
@@ -8,30 +10,43 @@
 #define PATHSPEC_GLOB		(1<<3)
 #define PATHSPEC_ICASE		(1<<4)
 #define PATHSPEC_EXCLUDE	(1<<5)
+#define PATHSPEC_ATTR		(1<<6)
 #define PATHSPEC_ALL_MAGIC	  \
 	(PATHSPEC_FROMTOP	| \
 	 PATHSPEC_MAXDEPTH	| \
 	 PATHSPEC_LITERAL	| \
 	 PATHSPEC_GLOB		| \
 	 PATHSPEC_ICASE		| \
-	 PATHSPEC_EXCLUDE)
+	 PATHSPEC_EXCLUDE	| \
+	 PATHSPEC_ATTR)
 
 #define PATHSPEC_ONESTAR 1	/* the pathspec pattern satisfies GFNM_ONESTAR */
 
 struct pathspec {
-	const char **_raw; /* get_pathspec() result, not freed by free_pathspec() */
 	int nr;
 	unsigned int has_wildcard:1;
 	unsigned int recursive:1;
+	unsigned int recurse_submodules:1;
 	unsigned magic;
 	int max_depth;
 	struct pathspec_item {
-		const char *match;
-		const char *original;
+		char *match;
+		char *original;
 		unsigned magic;
 		int len, prefix;
 		int nowildcard_len;
 		int flags;
+		int attr_match_nr;
+		struct attr_match {
+			char *value;
+			enum attr_match_mode {
+				MATCH_SET,
+				MATCH_UNSET,
+				MATCH_VALUE,
+				MATCH_UNSPECIFIED
+			} match_mode;
+		} *attr_match;
+		struct attr_check *attr_check;
 	} *items;
 };
 
@@ -46,35 +61,32 @@ struct pathspec {
 #define PATHSPEC_PREFER_CWD (1<<0) /* No args means match cwd */
 #define PATHSPEC_PREFER_FULL (1<<1) /* No args means match everything */
 #define PATHSPEC_MAXDEPTH_VALID (1<<2) /* max_depth field is valid */
-/* strip the trailing slash if the given path is a gitlink */
-#define PATHSPEC_STRIP_SUBMODULE_SLASH_CHEAP (1<<3)
 /* die if a symlink is part of the given path's directory */
-#define PATHSPEC_SYMLINK_LEADING_PATH (1<<4)
-/*
- * This is like a combination of ..LEADING_PATH and .._SLASH_CHEAP
- * (but not the same): it strips the trailing slash if the given path
- * is a gitlink but also checks and dies if gitlink is part of the
- * leading path (i.e. the given path goes beyond a submodule). It's
- * safer than _SLASH_CHEAP and also more expensive.
- */
-#define PATHSPEC_STRIP_SUBMODULE_SLASH_EXPENSIVE (1<<5)
-#define PATHSPEC_PREFIX_ORIGIN (1<<6)
-#define PATHSPEC_KEEP_ORDER (1<<7)
+#define PATHSPEC_SYMLINK_LEADING_PATH (1<<3)
+#define PATHSPEC_PREFIX_ORIGIN (1<<4)
+#define PATHSPEC_KEEP_ORDER (1<<5)
 /*
  * For the callers that just need pure paths from somewhere else, not
  * from command line. Global --*-pathspecs options are ignored. No
  * magic is parsed in each pathspec either. If PATHSPEC_LITERAL is
  * allowed, then it will automatically set for every pathspec.
  */
-#define PATHSPEC_LITERAL_PATH (1<<8)
+#define PATHSPEC_LITERAL_PATH (1<<6)
 
+/*
+ * Given command line arguments and a prefix, convert the input to
+ * pathspec. die() if any magic in magic_mask is used.
+ *
+ * Any arguments used are copied. It is safe for the caller to modify
+ * or free 'prefix' and 'args' after calling this function.
+ */
 extern void parse_pathspec(struct pathspec *pathspec,
 			   unsigned magic_mask,
 			   unsigned flags,
 			   const char *prefix,
 			   const char **args);
 extern void copy_pathspec(struct pathspec *dst, const struct pathspec *src);
-extern void free_pathspec(struct pathspec *);
+extern void clear_pathspec(struct pathspec *);
 
 static inline int ps_strncmp(const struct pathspec_item *item,
 			     const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n)
@@ -94,9 +106,10 @@ static inline int ps_strcmp(const struct pathspec_item *item,
 		return strcmp(s1, s2);
 }
 
-extern char *find_pathspecs_matching_against_index(const struct pathspec *pathspec);
-extern void add_pathspec_matches_against_index(const struct pathspec *pathspec, char *seen);
-extern const char *check_path_for_gitlink(const char *path);
-extern void die_if_path_beyond_symlink(const char *path, const char *prefix);
+extern void add_pathspec_matches_against_index(const struct pathspec *pathspec,
+					       const struct index_state *istate,
+					       char *seen);
+extern char *find_pathspecs_matching_against_index(const struct pathspec *pathspec,
+						   const struct index_state *istate);
 
 #endif /* PATHSPEC_H */
diff --git a/perl/.gitignore b/perl/.gitignore
index 0f1fc27f86..84c048a73c 100644
--- a/perl/.gitignore
+++ b/perl/.gitignore
@@ -1,8 +1 @@
-perl.mak
-perl.mak.old
-MYMETA.json
-MYMETA.yml
-blib
-blibdirs
-pm_to_blib
-PM.stamp
+/build/
diff --git a/perl/FromCPAN/.gitattributes b/perl/FromCPAN/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8b64fc5e22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/FromCPAN/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/Error.pm whitespace=-blank-at-eof
diff --git a/perl/private-Error.pm b/perl/FromCPAN/Error.pm
index 6098135ae2..8b95e2d73d 100644
--- a/perl/private-Error.pm
+++ b/perl/FromCPAN/Error.pm
@@ -12,10 +12,12 @@
 package Error;
 
 use strict;
+use warnings;
+
 use vars qw($VERSION);
 use 5.004;
 
-$VERSION = "0.15009";
+$VERSION = "0.17025";
 
 use overload (
 	'""'	   =>	'stringify',
@@ -32,21 +34,35 @@ $Error::THROWN = undef;	# last error thrown, a workaround until die $ref works
 my $LAST;		# Last error created
 my %ERROR;		# Last error associated with package
 
-sub throw_Error_Simple
+sub _throw_Error_Simple
 {
     my $args = shift;
     return Error::Simple->new($args->{'text'});
 }
 
-$Error::ObjectifyCallback = \&throw_Error_Simple;
+$Error::ObjectifyCallback = \&_throw_Error_Simple;
 
 
 # Exported subs are defined in Error::subs
 
+use Scalar::Util ();
+
 sub import {
     shift;
+    my @tags = @_;
     local $Exporter::ExportLevel = $Exporter::ExportLevel + 1;
-    Error::subs->import(@_);
+
+    @tags = grep {
+       if( $_ eq ':warndie' ) {
+          Error::WarnDie->import();
+          0;
+       }
+       else {
+          1;
+       }
+    } @tags;
+
+    Error::subs->import(@tags);
 }
 
 # I really want to use last for the name of this method, but it is a keyword
@@ -107,10 +123,6 @@ sub stacktrace {
     $text;
 }
 
-# Allow error propagation, ie
-#
-# $ber->encode(...) or
-#    return Error->prior($ber)->associate($ldap);
 
 sub associate {
     my $err = shift;
@@ -130,6 +142,7 @@ sub associate {
     return;
 }
 
+
 sub new {
     my $self = shift;
     my($pkg,$file,$line) = caller($Error::Depth);
@@ -246,6 +259,10 @@ sub value {
 
 package Error::Simple;
 
+use vars qw($VERSION);
+
+$VERSION = "0.17025";
+
 @Error::Simple::ISA = qw(Error);
 
 sub new {
@@ -288,14 +305,6 @@ use vars qw(@EXPORT_OK @ISA %EXPORT_TAGS);
 
 @ISA = qw(Exporter);
 
-
-sub blessed {
-	my $item = shift;
-	local $@; # don't kill an outer $@
-	ref $item and eval { $item->can('can') };
-}
-
-
 sub run_clauses ($$$\@) {
     my($clauses,$err,$wantarray,$result) = @_;
     my $code = undef;
@@ -314,16 +323,17 @@ sub run_clauses ($$$\@) {
 		my $pkg = $catch->[$i];
 		unless(defined $pkg) {
 		    #except
-		    splice(@$catch,$i,2,$catch->[$i+1]->());
+		    splice(@$catch,$i,2,$catch->[$i+1]->($err));
 		    $i -= 2;
 		    next CATCHLOOP;
 		}
-		elsif(blessed($err) && $err->isa($pkg)) {
+		elsif(Scalar::Util::blessed($err) && $err->isa($pkg)) {
 		    $code = $catch->[$i+1];
 		    while(1) {
 			my $more = 0;
-			local($Error::THROWN);
+			local($Error::THROWN, $@);
 			my $ok = eval {
+			    $@ = $err;
 			    if($wantarray) {
 				@{$result} = $code->($err,\$more);
 			    }
@@ -341,10 +351,9 @@ sub run_clauses ($$$\@) {
 			    undef $err;
 			}
 			else {
-			    $err = defined($Error::THROWN)
-				    ? $Error::THROWN : $@;
-                $err = $Error::ObjectifyCallback->({'text' =>$err})
-                    unless ref($err);
+			    $err = $@ || $Error::THROWN;
+				$err = $Error::ObjectifyCallback->({'text' =>$err})
+					unless ref($err);
 			}
 			last CATCH;
 		    };
@@ -357,7 +366,9 @@ sub run_clauses ($$$\@) {
 	if(defined($owise = $clauses->{'otherwise'})) {
 	    my $code = $clauses->{'otherwise'};
 	    my $more = 0;
+        local($Error::THROWN, $@);
 	    my $ok = eval {
+		$@ = $err;
 		if($wantarray) {
 		    @{$result} = $code->($err,\$more);
 		}
@@ -374,11 +385,10 @@ sub run_clauses ($$$\@) {
 		undef $err;
 	    }
 	    else {
-		$err = defined($Error::THROWN)
-			? $Error::THROWN : $@;
+		$err = $@ || $Error::THROWN;
 
-        $err = $Error::ObjectifyCallback->({'text' =>$err})
-            unless ref($err);
+		$err = $Error::ObjectifyCallback->({'text' =>$err})
+			unless ref($err);
 	    }
 	}
     }
@@ -398,7 +408,7 @@ sub try (&;$) {
 
     do {
 	local $Error::THROWN = undef;
-    local $@ = undef;
+	local $@ = undef;
 
 	$ok = eval {
 	    if($wantarray) {
@@ -413,21 +423,21 @@ sub try (&;$) {
 	    1;
 	};
 
-	$err = defined($Error::THROWN) ? $Error::THROWN : $@
+	$err = $@ || $Error::THROWN
 	    unless $ok;
     };
 
     shift @Error::STACK;
 
     $err = run_clauses($clauses,$err,wantarray,@result)
-	unless($ok);
+    unless($ok);
 
     $clauses->{'finally'}->()
 	if(defined($clauses->{'finally'}));
 
     if (defined($err))
     {
-        if (blessed($err) && $err->can('throw'))
+        if (Scalar::Util::blessed($err) && $err->can('throw'))
         {
             throw $err;
         }
@@ -506,12 +516,116 @@ sub otherwise (&;$) {
 }
 
 1;
+
+package Error::WarnDie;
+
+sub gen_callstack($)
+{
+    my ( $start ) = @_;
+
+    require Carp;
+    local $Carp::CarpLevel = $start;
+    my $trace = Carp::longmess("");
+    # Remove try calls from the trace
+    $trace =~ s/(\n\s+\S+__ANON__[^\n]+)?\n\s+eval[^\n]+\n\s+Error::subs::try[^\n]+(?=\n)//sog;
+    $trace =~ s/(\n\s+\S+__ANON__[^\n]+)?\n\s+eval[^\n]+\n\s+Error::subs::run_clauses[^\n]+\n\s+Error::subs::try[^\n]+(?=\n)//sog;
+    my @callstack = split( m/\n/, $trace );
+    return @callstack;
+}
+
+my $old_DIE;
+my $old_WARN;
+
+sub DEATH
+{
+    my ( $e ) = @_;
+
+    local $SIG{__DIE__} = $old_DIE if( defined $old_DIE );
+
+    die @_ if $^S;
+
+    my ( $etype, $message, $location, @callstack );
+    if ( ref($e) && $e->isa( "Error" ) ) {
+        $etype = "exception of type " . ref( $e );
+        $message = $e->text;
+        $location = $e->file . ":" . $e->line;
+        @callstack = split( m/\n/, $e->stacktrace );
+    }
+    else {
+        # Don't apply subsequent layer of message formatting
+        die $e if( $e =~ m/^\nUnhandled perl error caught at toplevel:\n\n/ );
+        $etype = "perl error";
+        my $stackdepth = 0;
+        while( caller( $stackdepth ) =~ m/^Error(?:$|::)/ ) {
+            $stackdepth++
+        }
+
+        @callstack = gen_callstack( $stackdepth + 1 );
+
+        $message = "$e";
+        chomp $message;
+
+        if ( $message =~ s/ at (.*?) line (\d+)\.$// ) {
+            $location = $1 . ":" . $2;
+        }
+        else {
+            my @caller = caller( $stackdepth );
+            $location = $caller[1] . ":" . $caller[2];
+        }
+    }
+
+    shift @callstack;
+    # Do it this way in case there are no elements; we don't print a spurious \n
+    my $callstack = join( "", map { "$_\n"} @callstack );
+
+    die "\nUnhandled $etype caught at toplevel:\n\n  $message\n\nThrown from: $location\n\nFull stack trace:\n\n$callstack\n";
+}
+
+sub TAXES
+{
+    my ( $message ) = @_;
+
+    local $SIG{__WARN__} = $old_WARN if( defined $old_WARN );
+
+    $message =~ s/ at .*? line \d+\.$//;
+    chomp $message;
+
+    my @callstack = gen_callstack( 1 );
+    my $location = shift @callstack;
+
+    # $location already starts in a leading space
+    $message .= $location;
+
+    # Do it this way in case there are no elements; we don't print a spurious \n
+    my $callstack = join( "", map { "$_\n"} @callstack );
+
+    warn "$message:\n$callstack";
+}
+
+sub import
+{
+    $old_DIE  = $SIG{__DIE__};
+    $old_WARN = $SIG{__WARN__};
+
+    $SIG{__DIE__}  = \&DEATH;
+    $SIG{__WARN__} = \&TAXES;
+}
+
+1;
+
 __END__
 
 =head1 NAME
 
 Error - Error/exception handling in an OO-ish way
 
+=head1 WARNING
+
+Using the "Error" module is B<no longer recommended> due to the black-magical
+nature of its syntactic sugar, which often tends to break. Its maintainers
+have stopped actively writing code that uses it, and discourage people
+from doing so. See the "SEE ALSO" section below for better recommendations.
+
 =head1 SYNOPSIS
 
     use Error qw(:try);
@@ -529,7 +643,7 @@ Error - Error/exception handling in an OO-ish way
     try {
 	do_some_stuff();
 	die "error!" if $condition;
-	throw Error::Simple -text => "Oops!" if $other_condition;
+	throw Error::Simple "Oops!" if $other_condition;
     }
     catch Error::IO with {
 	my $E = shift;
@@ -587,7 +701,7 @@ C<BLOCK> will be passed two arguments. The first will be the error
 being thrown. The second is a reference to a scalar variable. If this
 variable is set by the catch block then, on return from the catch
 block, try will continue processing as if the catch block was never
-found.
+found. The error will also be available in C<$@>.
 
 To propagate the error the catch block may call C<$err-E<gt>throw>
 
@@ -608,7 +722,7 @@ type.
 Catch any error by executing the code in C<BLOCK>
 
 When evaluated C<BLOCK> will be passed one argument, which will be the
-error being processed.
+error being processed. The error will also be available in C<$@>.
 
 Only one otherwise block may be specified per try block
 
@@ -625,12 +739,25 @@ Only one finally block may be specified per try block
 
 =back
 
+=head1 COMPATIBILITY
+
+L<Moose> exports a keyword called C<with> which clashes with Error's. This
+example returns a prototype mismatch error:
+
+    package MyTest;
+
+    use warnings;
+    use Moose;
+    use Error qw(:try);
+
+(Thanks to C<maik.hentsche@amd.com> for the report.).
+
 =head1 CLASS INTERFACE
 
 =head2 CONSTRUCTORS
 
 The C<Error> object is implemented as a HASH. This HASH is initialized
-with the arguments that are passed to its constructor. The elements
+with the arguments that are passed to it's constructor. The elements
 that are used by, or are retrievable by the C<Error> class are listed
 below, other classes may add to these.
 
@@ -655,6 +782,10 @@ an object blessed into that package as the C<-object> argument.
 
 =over 4
 
+=item Error->new()
+
+See the Error::Simple documentation.
+
 =item throw ( [ ARGS ] )
 
 Create a new C<Error> object and throw an error, which will be caught
@@ -730,6 +861,13 @@ The line where the constructor of this error was called from
 
 The text of the error
 
+=item $err->associate($obj)
+
+Associates an error with an object to allow error propagation. I.e:
+
+    $ber->encode(...) or
+        return Error->prior($ber)->associate($ldap);
+
 =back
 
 =head2 OVERLOAD METHODS
@@ -759,11 +897,9 @@ to the constructor.
 
 =head1 PRE-DEFINED ERROR CLASSES
 
-=over 4
-
-=item Error::Simple
+=head2 Error::Simple
 
-This class can be used to hold simple error strings and values. Its
+This class can be used to hold simple error strings and values. It's
 constructor takes two arguments. The first is a text value, the second
 is a numeric value. These values are what will be returned by the
 overload methods.
@@ -775,7 +911,6 @@ of the error object.
 This class is used internally if an eval'd block die's with an error
 that is a plain string. (Unless C<$Error::ObjectifyCallback> is modified)
 
-=back
 
 =head1 $Error::ObjectifyCallback
 
@@ -804,6 +939,76 @@ class MyError::Bar by default:
         # Error handling here.
     }
 
+=cut
+
+=head1 MESSAGE HANDLERS
+
+C<Error> also provides handlers to extend the output of the C<warn()> perl
+function, and to handle the printing of a thrown C<Error> that is not caught
+or otherwise handled. These are not installed by default, but are requested
+using the C<:warndie> tag in the C<use> line.
+
+ use Error qw( :warndie );
+
+These new error handlers are installed in C<$SIG{__WARN__}> and
+C<$SIG{__DIE__}>. If these handlers are already defined when the tag is
+imported, the old values are stored, and used during the new code. Thus, to
+arrange for custom handling of warnings and errors, you will need to perform
+something like the following:
+
+ BEGIN {
+   $SIG{__WARN__} = sub {
+     print STDERR "My special warning handler: $_[0]"
+   };
+ }
+
+ use Error qw( :warndie );
+
+Note that setting C<$SIG{__WARN__}> after the C<:warndie> tag has been
+imported will overwrite the handler that C<Error> provides. If this cannot be
+avoided, then the tag can be explicitly C<import>ed later
+
+ use Error;
+
+ $SIG{__WARN__} = ...;
+
+ import Error qw( :warndie );
+
+=head2 EXAMPLE
+
+The C<__DIE__> handler turns messages such as
+
+ Can't call method "foo" on an undefined value at examples/warndie.pl line 16.
+
+into
+
+ Unhandled perl error caught at toplevel:
+
+   Can't call method "foo" on an undefined value
+
+ Thrown from: examples/warndie.pl:16
+
+ Full stack trace:
+
+         main::inner('undef') called at examples/warndie.pl line 20
+         main::outer('undef') called at examples/warndie.pl line 23
+
+=cut
+
+=head1 SEE ALSO
+
+See L<Exception::Class> for a different module providing Object-Oriented
+exception handling, along with a convenient syntax for declaring hierarchies
+for them. It doesn't provide Error's syntactic sugar of C<try { ... }>,
+C<catch { ... }>, etc. which may be a good thing or a bad thing based
+on what you want. (Because Error's syntactic sugar tends to break.)
+
+L<Error::Exception> aims to combine L<Error> and L<Exception::Class>
+"with correct stringification".
+
+L<TryCatch> and L<Try::Tiny> are similar in concept to Error.pm only providing
+a syntax that hopefully breaks less.
+
 =head1 KNOWN BUGS
 
 None, but that does not mean there are not any.
@@ -816,12 +1021,20 @@ The code that inspired me to write this was originally written by
 Peter Seibel <peter@weblogic.com> and adapted by Jesse Glick
 <jglick@sig.bsh.com>.
 
+C<:warndie> handlers added by Paul Evans <leonerd@leonerd.org.uk>
+
 =head1 MAINTAINER
 
-Shlomi Fish <shlomif@iglu.org.il>
+Shlomi Fish, L<http://www.shlomifish.org/> .
 
 =head1 PAST MAINTAINERS
 
 Arun Kumar U <u_arunkumar@yahoo.com>
 
+=head1 COPYRIGHT
+
+Copyright (c) 1997-8  Graham Barr. All rights reserved.
+This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+under the same terms as Perl itself.
+
 =cut
diff --git a/perl/FromCPAN/Mail/Address.pm b/perl/FromCPAN/Mail/Address.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..683d490b2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/FromCPAN/Mail/Address.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+# Copyrights 1995-2018 by [Mark Overmeer].
+#  For other contributors see ChangeLog.
+# See the manual pages for details on the licensing terms.
+# Pod stripped from pm file by OODoc 2.02.
+# This code is part of the bundle MailTools.  Meta-POD processed with
+# OODoc into POD and HTML manual-pages.  See README.md for Copyright.
+# Licensed under the same terms as Perl itself.
+
+package Mail::Address;
+use vars '$VERSION';
+$VERSION = '2.20';
+
+use strict;
+
+use Carp;
+
+# use locale;   removed in version 1.78, because it causes taint problems
+
+sub Version { our $VERSION }
+
+
+
+# given a comment, attempt to extract a person's name
+sub _extract_name
+{   # This function can be called as method as well
+    my $self = @_ && ref $_[0] ? shift : undef;
+
+    local $_ = shift
+        or return '';
+
+    # Using encodings, too hard. See Mail::Message::Field::Full.
+    return '' if m/\=\?.*?\?\=/;
+
+    # trim whitespace
+    s/^\s+//;
+    s/\s+$//;
+    s/\s+/ /;
+
+    # Disregard numeric names (e.g. 123456.1234@compuserve.com)
+    return "" if /^[\d ]+$/;
+
+    s/^\((.*)\)$/$1/; # remove outermost parenthesis
+    s/^"(.*)"$/$1/;   # remove outer quotation marks
+    s/\(.*?\)//g;     # remove minimal embedded comments
+    s/\\//g;          # remove all escapes
+    s/^"(.*)"$/$1/;   # remove internal quotation marks
+    s/^([^\s]+) ?, ?(.*)$/$2 $1/; # reverse "Last, First M." if applicable
+    s/,.*//;
+
+    # Change casing only when the name contains only upper or only
+    # lower cased characters.
+    unless( m/[A-Z]/ && m/[a-z]/ )
+    {   # Set the case of the name to first char upper rest lower
+        s/\b(\w+)/\L\u$1/igo;  # Upcase first letter on name
+        s/\bMc(\w)/Mc\u$1/igo; # Scottish names such as 'McLeod'
+        s/\bo'(\w)/O'\u$1/igo; # Irish names such as 'O'Malley, O'Reilly'
+        s/\b(x*(ix)?v*(iv)?i*)\b/\U$1/igo; # Roman numerals, eg 'Level III Support'
+    }
+
+    # some cleanup
+    s/\[[^\]]*\]//g;
+    s/(^[\s'"]+|[\s'"]+$)//g;
+    s/\s{2,}/ /g;
+
+    $_;
+}
+
+sub _tokenise
+{   local $_ = join ',', @_;
+    my (@words,$snippet,$field);
+
+    s/\A\s+//;
+    s/[\r\n]+/ /g;
+
+    while ($_ ne '')
+    {   $field = '';
+        if(s/^\s*\(/(/ )    # (...)
+        {   my $depth = 0;
+
+     PAREN: while(s/^(\(([^\(\)\\]|\\.)*)//)
+            {   $field .= $1;
+                $depth++;
+                while(s/^(([^\(\)\\]|\\.)*\)\s*)//)
+                {   $field .= $1;
+                    last PAREN unless --$depth;
+	            $field .= $1 if s/^(([^\(\)\\]|\\.)+)//;
+                }
+            }
+
+            carp "Unmatched () '$field' '$_'"
+                if $depth;
+
+            $field =~ s/\s+\Z//;
+            push @words, $field;
+
+            next;
+        }
+
+        if( s/^("(?:[^"\\]+|\\.)*")\s*//       # "..."
+         || s/^(\[(?:[^\]\\]+|\\.)*\])\s*//    # [...]
+         || s/^([^\s()<>\@,;:\\".[\]]+)\s*//
+         || s/^([()<>\@,;:\\".[\]])\s*//
+          )
+        {   push @words, $1;
+            next;
+        }
+
+        croak "Unrecognised line: $_";
+    }
+
+    push @words, ",";
+    \@words;
+}
+
+sub _find_next
+{   my ($idx, $tokens, $len) = @_;
+
+    while($idx < $len)
+    {   my $c = $tokens->[$idx];
+        return $c if $c eq ',' || $c eq ';' || $c eq '<';
+        $idx++;
+    }
+
+    "";
+}
+
+sub _complete
+{   my ($class, $phrase, $address, $comment) = @_;
+
+    @$phrase || @$comment || @$address
+       or return undef;
+
+    my $o = $class->new(join(" ",@$phrase), join("",@$address), join(" ",@$comment));
+    @$phrase = @$address = @$comment = ();
+    $o;
+}
+
+#------------
+
+sub new(@)
+{   my $class = shift;
+    bless [@_], $class;
+}
+
+
+sub parse(@)
+{   my $class = shift;
+    my @line  = grep {defined} @_;
+    my $line  = join '', @line;
+
+    my (@phrase, @comment, @address, @objs);
+    my ($depth, $idx) = (0, 0);
+
+    my $tokens  = _tokenise @line;
+    my $len     = @$tokens;
+    my $next    = _find_next $idx, $tokens, $len;
+
+    local $_;
+    for(my $idx = 0; $idx < $len; $idx++)
+    {   $_ = $tokens->[$idx];
+
+        if(substr($_,0,1) eq '(') { push @comment, $_ }
+        elsif($_ eq '<')    { $depth++ }
+        elsif($_ eq '>')    { $depth-- if $depth }
+        elsif($_ eq ',' || $_ eq ';')
+        {   warn "Unmatched '<>' in $line" if $depth;
+            my $o = $class->_complete(\@phrase, \@address, \@comment);
+            push @objs, $o if defined $o;
+            $depth = 0;
+            $next = _find_next $idx+1, $tokens, $len;
+        }
+        elsif($depth)       { push @address, $_ }
+        elsif($next eq '<') { push @phrase,  $_ }
+        elsif( /^[.\@:;]$/ || !@address || $address[-1] =~ /^[.\@:;]$/ )
+        {   push @address, $_ }
+        else
+        {   warn "Unmatched '<>' in $line" if $depth;
+            my $o = $class->_complete(\@phrase, \@address, \@comment);
+            push @objs, $o if defined $o;
+            $depth = 0;
+            push @address, $_;
+        }
+    }
+    @objs;
+}
+
+#------------
+
+sub phrase  { shift->set_or_get(0, @_) }
+sub address { shift->set_or_get(1, @_) }
+sub comment { shift->set_or_get(2, @_) }
+
+sub set_or_get($)
+{   my ($self, $i) = (shift, shift);
+    @_ or return $self->[$i];
+
+    my $val = $self->[$i];
+    $self->[$i] = shift if @_;
+    $val;
+}
+
+
+my $atext = '[\-\w !#$%&\'*+/=?^`{|}~]';
+sub format
+{   my @addrs;
+
+    foreach (@_)
+    {   my ($phrase, $email, $comment) = @$_;
+        my @addr;
+
+        if(defined $phrase && length $phrase)
+        {   push @addr
+              , $phrase =~ /^(?:\s*$atext\s*)+$/o ? $phrase
+              : $phrase =~ /(?<!\\)"/             ? $phrase
+              :                                    qq("$phrase");
+
+            push @addr, "<$email>"
+                if defined $email && length $email;
+        }
+        elsif(defined $email && length $email)
+        {   push @addr, $email;
+        }
+
+        if(defined $comment && $comment =~ /\S/)
+        {   $comment =~ s/^\s*\(?/(/;
+            $comment =~ s/\)?\s*$/)/;
+        }
+
+        push @addr, $comment
+            if defined $comment && length $comment;
+
+        push @addrs, join(" ", @addr)
+            if @addr;
+    }
+
+    join ", ", @addrs;
+}
+
+#------------
+
+sub name
+{   my $self   = shift;
+    my $phrase = $self->phrase;
+    my $addr   = $self->address;
+
+    $phrase    = $self->comment
+        unless defined $phrase && length $phrase;
+
+    my $name   = $self->_extract_name($phrase);
+
+    # first.last@domain address
+    if($name eq '' && $addr =~ /([^\%\.\@_]+([\._][^\%\.\@_]+)+)[\@\%]/)
+    {   ($name  = $1) =~ s/[\._]+/ /g;
+	$name   = _extract_name $name;
+    }
+
+    if($name eq '' && $addr =~ m#/g=#i)    # X400 style address
+    {   my ($f) = $addr =~ m#g=([^/]*)#i;
+	my ($l) = $addr =~ m#s=([^/]*)#i;
+	$name   = _extract_name "$f $l";
+    }
+
+    length $name ? $name : undef;
+}
+
+
+sub host
+{   my $addr = shift->address || '';
+    my $i    = rindex $addr, '@';
+    $i >= 0 ? substr($addr, $i+1) : undef;
+}
+
+
+sub user
+{   my $addr = shift->address || '';
+    my $i    = rindex $addr, '@';
+    $i >= 0 ? substr($addr,0,$i) : $addr;
+}
+
+1;
diff --git a/perl/Git.pm b/perl/Git.pm
index 9026a7bb98..d856930b2e 100644
--- a/perl/Git.pm
+++ b/perl/Git.pm
@@ -9,7 +9,10 @@ package Git;
 
 use 5.008;
 use strict;
+use warnings;
 
+use File::Temp ();
+use File::Spec ();
 
 BEGIN {
 
@@ -59,9 +62,10 @@ require Exporter;
                 command_bidi_pipe command_close_bidi_pipe
                 version exec_path html_path hash_object git_cmd_try
                 remote_refs prompt
-                get_tz_offset
+                get_tz_offset get_record
                 credential credential_read credential_write
-                temp_acquire temp_is_locked temp_release temp_reset temp_path);
+                temp_acquire temp_is_locked temp_release temp_reset temp_path
+                unquote_path);
 
 
 =head1 DESCRIPTION
@@ -100,7 +104,7 @@ increase notwithstanding).
 
 
 use Carp qw(carp croak); # but croak is bad - throw instead
-use Error qw(:try);
+use Git::LoadCPAN::Error qw(:try);
 use Cwd qw(abs_path cwd);
 use IPC::Open2 qw(open2);
 use Fcntl qw(SEEK_SET SEEK_CUR);
@@ -188,7 +192,7 @@ sub repository {
 		};
 
 		if ($dir) {
-			$dir =~ m#^/# or $dir = $opts{Directory} . '/' . $dir;
+			File::Spec->file_name_is_absolute($dir) or $dir = $opts{Directory} . '/' . $dir;
 			$opts{Repository} = abs_path($dir);
 
 			# If --git-dir went ok, this shouldn't die either.
@@ -392,7 +396,7 @@ sub command_close_pipe {
 Execute the given C<COMMAND> in the same way as command_output_pipe()
 does but return both an input pipe filehandle and an output pipe filehandle.
 
-The function will return return C<($pid, $pipe_in, $pipe_out, $ctx)>.
+The function will return C<($pid, $pipe_in, $pipe_out, $ctx)>.
 See C<command_close_bidi_pipe()> for details.
 
 =cut
@@ -530,13 +534,29 @@ If TIME is not supplied, the current local time is used.
 =cut
 
 sub get_tz_offset {
-	# some systmes don't handle or mishandle %z, so be creative.
+	# some systems don't handle or mishandle %z, so be creative.
 	my $t = shift || time;
-	my $gm = timegm(localtime($t));
+	my @t = localtime($t);
+	$t[5] += 1900;
+	my $gm = timegm(@t);
 	my $sign = qw( + + - )[ $gm <=> $t ];
 	return sprintf("%s%02d%02d", $sign, (gmtime(abs($t - $gm)))[2,1]);
 }
 
+=item get_record ( FILEHANDLE, INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR )
+
+Read one record from FILEHANDLE delimited by INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR,
+removing any trailing INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR.
+
+=cut
+
+sub get_record {
+	my ($fh, $rs) = @_;
+	local $/ = $rs;
+	my $rec = <$fh>;
+	chomp $rec if defined $rec;
+	$rec;
+}
 
 =item prompt ( PROMPT , ISPASSWORD  )
 
@@ -864,7 +884,6 @@ sub ident_person {
 	return "$ident[0] <$ident[1]>";
 }
 
-
 =item hash_object ( TYPE, FILENAME )
 
 Compute the SHA1 object id of the given C<FILENAME> considering it is
@@ -1273,8 +1292,6 @@ sub temp_release {
 sub _temp_cache {
 	my ($self, $name) = _maybe_self(@_);
 
-	_verify_require();
-
 	my $temp_fd = \$TEMP_FILEMAP{$name};
 	if (defined $$temp_fd and $$temp_fd->opened) {
 		if ($TEMP_FILES{$$temp_fd}{locked}) {
@@ -1308,11 +1325,6 @@ sub _temp_cache {
 	$$temp_fd;
 }
 
-sub _verify_require {
-	eval { require File::Temp; require File::Spec; };
-	$@ and throw Error::Simple($@);
-}
-
 =item temp_reset ( FILEHANDLE )
 
 Truncates and resets the position of the C<FILEHANDLE>.
@@ -1353,6 +1365,95 @@ sub END {
 
 } # %TEMP_* Lexical Context
 
+=item prefix_lines ( PREFIX, STRING [, STRING... ])
+
+Prefixes lines in C<STRING> with C<PREFIX>.
+
+=cut
+
+sub prefix_lines {
+	my $prefix = shift;
+	my $string = join("\n", @_);
+	$string =~ s/^/$prefix/mg;
+	return $string;
+}
+
+=item unquote_path ( PATH )
+
+Unquote a quoted path containing c-escapes as returned by ls-files etc.
+when not using -z or when parsing the output of diff -u.
+
+=cut
+
+{
+	my %cquote_map = (
+		"a" => chr(7),
+		"b" => chr(8),
+		"t" => chr(9),
+		"n" => chr(10),
+		"v" => chr(11),
+		"f" => chr(12),
+		"r" => chr(13),
+		"\\" => "\\",
+		"\042" => "\042",
+	);
+
+	sub unquote_path {
+		local ($_) = @_;
+		my ($retval, $remainder);
+		if (!/^\042(.*)\042$/) {
+			return $_;
+		}
+		($_, $retval) = ($1, "");
+		while (/^([^\\]*)\\(.*)$/) {
+			$remainder = $2;
+			$retval .= $1;
+			for ($remainder) {
+				if (/^([0-3][0-7][0-7])(.*)$/) {
+					$retval .= chr(oct($1));
+					$_ = $2;
+					last;
+				}
+				if (/^([\\\042abtnvfr])(.*)$/) {
+					$retval .= $cquote_map{$1};
+					$_ = $2;
+					last;
+				}
+				# This is malformed
+				throw Error::Simple("invalid quoted path $_[0]");
+			}
+			$_ = $remainder;
+		}
+		$retval .= $_;
+		return $retval;
+	}
+}
+
+=item get_comment_line_char ( )
+
+Gets the core.commentchar configuration value.
+The value falls-back to '#' if core.commentchar is set to 'auto'.
+
+=cut
+
+sub get_comment_line_char {
+	my $comment_line_char = config("core.commentchar") || '#';
+	$comment_line_char = '#' if ($comment_line_char eq 'auto');
+	$comment_line_char = '#' if (length($comment_line_char) != 1);
+	return $comment_line_char;
+}
+
+=item comment_lines ( STRING [, STRING... ])
+
+Comments lines following core.commentchar configuration.
+
+=cut
+
+sub comment_lines {
+	my $comment_line_char = get_comment_line_char;
+	return prefix_lines("$comment_line_char ", @_);
+}
+
 =back
 
 =head1 ERROR HANDLING
@@ -1588,7 +1689,6 @@ sub DESTROY {
 # Pipe implementation for ActiveState Perl.
 
 package Git::activestate_pipe;
-use strict;
 
 sub TIEHANDLE {
 	my ($class, @params) = @_;
diff --git a/perl/Git/I18N.pm b/perl/Git/I18N.pm
index f889fd6da9..bfb4fb67a1 100644
--- a/perl/Git/I18N.pm
+++ b/perl/Git/I18N.pm
@@ -13,12 +13,12 @@ BEGIN {
 	}
 }
 
-our @EXPORT = qw(__);
+our @EXPORT = qw(__ __n N__);
 our @EXPORT_OK = @EXPORT;
 
 sub __bootstrap_locale_messages {
 	our $TEXTDOMAIN = 'git';
-	our $TEXTDOMAINDIR = $ENV{GIT_TEXTDOMAINDIR} || '++LOCALEDIR++';
+	our $TEXTDOMAINDIR ||= $ENV{GIT_TEXTDOMAINDIR} || '@@LOCALEDIR@@';
 
 	require POSIX;
 	POSIX->import(qw(setlocale));
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ BEGIN
 	eval {
 		__bootstrap_locale_messages();
 		*__ = \&Locale::Messages::gettext;
+		*__n = \&Locale::Messages::ngettext;
 		1;
 	} or do {
 		# Tell test.pl that we couldn't load the gettext library.
@@ -51,7 +52,10 @@ BEGIN
 
 		# Just a fall-through no-op
 		*__ = sub ($) { $_[0] };
+		*__n = sub ($$$) { $_[2] == 1 ? $_[0] : $_[1] };
 	};
+
+	sub N__($) { return shift; }
 }
 
 1;
@@ -70,6 +74,9 @@ Git::I18N - Perl interface to Git's Gettext localizations
 
 	printf __("The following error occurred: %s\n"), $error;
 
+	printf __n("committed %d file\n", "committed %d files\n", $files), $files;
+
+
 =head1 DESCRIPTION
 
 Git's internal Perl interface to gettext via L<Locale::Messages>. If
@@ -87,6 +94,16 @@ it.
 L<Locale::Messages>'s gettext function if all goes well, otherwise our
 passthrough fallback function.
 
+=head2 __n($$$)
+
+L<Locale::Messages>'s ngettext function or passthrough fallback function.
+
+=head2 N__($)
+
+No-operation that only returns its argument. Use this if you want xgettext to
+extract the text to the pot template but do not want to trigger retrival of the
+translation at run time.
+
 =head1 AUTHOR
 
 E<AElig>var ArnfjE<ouml>rE<eth> Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
diff --git a/perl/Git/LoadCPAN.pm b/perl/Git/LoadCPAN.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e5585e75e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/Git/LoadCPAN.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+package Git::LoadCPAN;
+use 5.008;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+Git::LoadCPAN - Wrapper for loading modules from the CPAN (OS) or Git's own copy
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+The Perl code in Git depends on some modules from the CPAN, but we
+don't want to make those a hard requirement for anyone building from
+source.
+
+Therefore the L<Git::LoadCPAN> namespace shipped with Git contains
+wrapper modules like C<Git::LoadCPAN::Module::Name> that will first
+attempt to load C<Module::Name> from the OS, and if that doesn't work
+will fall back on C<FromCPAN::Module::Name> shipped with Git itself.
+
+Usually distributors will not ship with Git's Git::FromCPAN tree at
+all via the C<NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS> option, preferring to use their
+own packaging of CPAN modules instead.
+
+This module is only intended to be used for code shipping in the
+C<git.git> repository. Use it for anything else at your peril!
+
+=cut
+
+# NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS_STR evades the sed search-replace from the
+# Makefile, and allows for detecting whether the module is loaded from
+# perl/Git as opposed to perl/build/Git, which is useful for one-off
+# testing without having Error.pm et al installed.
+use constant NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS_STR => '@@' . 'NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS' . '@@';
+use constant NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS => (
+	q[@@NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS@@] ne ''
+	and
+	q[@@NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS@@] ne NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS_STR
+);
+
+sub import {
+	shift;
+	my $caller = caller;
+	my %args = @_;
+	my $module = exists $args{module} ? delete $args{module} : die "BUG: Expected 'module' parameter!";
+	my $import = exists $args{import} ? delete $args{import} : die "BUG: Expected 'import' parameter!";
+	die "BUG: Too many arguments!" if keys %args;
+
+	# Foo::Bar to Foo/Bar.pm
+	my $package_pm = $module;
+	$package_pm =~ s[::][/]g;
+	$package_pm .= '.pm';
+
+	eval {
+		require $package_pm;
+		1;
+	} or do {
+		my $error = $@ || "Zombie Error";
+
+		if (NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS) {
+			chomp(my $error = sprintf <<'THEY_PROMISED', $module);
+BUG: The '%s' module is not here, but NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS was set!
+
+Git needs this Perl module from the CPAN, and will by default ship
+with a copy of it. This Git was built with NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS,
+meaning that whoever built it promised to provide this module.
+
+You're seeing this error because they broke that promise, and we can't
+load our fallback version, since we were asked not to install it.
+
+If you're seeing this error and didn't package Git yourself the
+package you're using is broken, or your system is broken. This error
+won't appear if Git is built without NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS (instead
+we'll use our fallback version of the module).
+THEY_PROMISED
+			die $error;
+		}
+
+		my $Git_LoadCPAN_pm_path = $INC{"Git/LoadCPAN.pm"} || die "BUG: Should have our own path from %INC!";
+
+		require File::Basename;
+		my $Git_LoadCPAN_pm_root = File::Basename::dirname($Git_LoadCPAN_pm_path) || die "BUG: Can't figure out lib/Git dirname from '$Git_LoadCPAN_pm_path'!";
+
+		require File::Spec;
+		my $Git_pm_FromCPAN_root = File::Spec->catdir($Git_LoadCPAN_pm_root, '..', 'FromCPAN');
+		die "BUG: '$Git_pm_FromCPAN_root' should be a directory!" unless -d $Git_pm_FromCPAN_root;
+
+		local @INC = ($Git_pm_FromCPAN_root, @INC);
+		require $package_pm;
+	};
+
+	if ($import) {
+		no strict 'refs';
+		*{"${caller}::import"} = sub {
+			shift;
+			use strict 'refs';
+			unshift @_, $module;
+			goto &{"${module}::import"};
+		};
+		use strict 'refs';
+	}
+}
+
+1;
diff --git a/perl/Git/LoadCPAN/Error.pm b/perl/Git/LoadCPAN/Error.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c6d2c45d80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/Git/LoadCPAN/Error.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+package Git::LoadCPAN::Error;
+use 5.008;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use Git::LoadCPAN (
+	module => 'Error',
+	import => 1,
+);
+
+1;
diff --git a/perl/Git/LoadCPAN/Mail/Address.pm b/perl/Git/LoadCPAN/Mail/Address.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f70a4f064c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/Git/LoadCPAN/Mail/Address.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+package Git::LoadCPAN::Mail::Address;
+use 5.008;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use Git::LoadCPAN (
+	module => 'Mail::Address',
+	import => 0,
+);
+
+1;
diff --git a/perl/Git/Packet.pm b/perl/Git/Packet.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b75738bed4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/Git/Packet.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+package Git::Packet;
+use 5.008;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+BEGIN {
+	require Exporter;
+	if ($] < 5.008003) {
+		*import = \&Exporter::import;
+	} else {
+		# Exporter 5.57 which supports this invocation was
+		# released with perl 5.8.3
+		Exporter->import('import');
+	}
+}
+
+our @EXPORT = qw(
+			packet_compare_lists
+			packet_bin_read
+			packet_txt_read
+			packet_key_val_read
+			packet_bin_write
+			packet_txt_write
+			packet_flush
+			packet_initialize
+			packet_read_capabilities
+			packet_read_and_check_capabilities
+			packet_check_and_write_capabilities
+		);
+our @EXPORT_OK = @EXPORT;
+
+sub packet_compare_lists {
+	my ($expect, @result) = @_;
+	my $ix;
+	if (scalar @$expect != scalar @result) {
+		return undef;
+	}
+	for ($ix = 0; $ix < $#result; $ix++) {
+		if ($expect->[$ix] ne $result[$ix]) {
+			return undef;
+		}
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+sub packet_bin_read {
+	my $buffer;
+	my $bytes_read = read STDIN, $buffer, 4;
+	if ( $bytes_read == 0 ) {
+		# EOF - Git stopped talking to us!
+		return ( -1, "" );
+	} elsif ( $bytes_read != 4 ) {
+		die "invalid packet: '$buffer'";
+	}
+	my $pkt_size = hex($buffer);
+	if ( $pkt_size == 0 ) {
+		return ( 1, "" );
+	} elsif ( $pkt_size > 4 ) {
+		my $content_size = $pkt_size - 4;
+		$bytes_read = read STDIN, $buffer, $content_size;
+		if ( $bytes_read != $content_size ) {
+			die "invalid packet ($content_size bytes expected; $bytes_read bytes read)";
+		}
+		return ( 0, $buffer );
+	} else {
+		die "invalid packet size: $pkt_size";
+	}
+}
+
+sub remove_final_lf_or_die {
+	my $buf = shift;
+	if ( $buf =~ s/\n$// ) {
+		return $buf;
+	}
+	die "A non-binary line MUST be terminated by an LF.\n"
+	    . "Received: '$buf'";
+}
+
+sub packet_txt_read {
+	my ( $res, $buf ) = packet_bin_read();
+	if ( $res != -1 and $buf ne '' ) {
+		$buf = remove_final_lf_or_die($buf);
+	}
+	return ( $res, $buf );
+}
+
+# Read a text packet, expecting that it is in the form "key=value" for
+# the given $key.  An EOF does not trigger any error and is reported
+# back to the caller (like packet_txt_read() does).  Die if the "key"
+# part of "key=value" does not match the given $key, or the value part
+# is empty.
+sub packet_key_val_read {
+	my ( $key ) = @_;
+	my ( $res, $buf ) = packet_txt_read();
+	if ( $res == -1 or ( $buf =~ s/^$key=// and $buf ne '' ) ) {
+		return ( $res, $buf );
+	}
+	die "bad $key: '$buf'";
+}
+
+sub packet_bin_write {
+	my $buf = shift;
+	print STDOUT sprintf( "%04x", length($buf) + 4 );
+	print STDOUT $buf;
+	STDOUT->flush();
+}
+
+sub packet_txt_write {
+	packet_bin_write( $_[0] . "\n" );
+}
+
+sub packet_flush {
+	print STDOUT sprintf( "%04x", 0 );
+	STDOUT->flush();
+}
+
+sub packet_initialize {
+	my ($name, $version) = @_;
+
+	packet_compare_lists([0, $name . "-client"], packet_txt_read()) ||
+		die "bad initialize";
+	packet_compare_lists([0, "version=" . $version], packet_txt_read()) ||
+		die "bad version";
+	packet_compare_lists([1, ""], packet_bin_read()) ||
+		die "bad version end";
+
+	packet_txt_write( $name . "-server" );
+	packet_txt_write( "version=" . $version );
+	packet_flush();
+}
+
+sub packet_read_capabilities {
+	my @cap;
+	while (1) {
+		my ( $res, $buf ) = packet_bin_read();
+		if ( $res == -1 ) {
+			die "unexpected EOF when reading capabilities";
+		}
+		return ( $res, @cap ) if ( $res != 0 );
+		$buf = remove_final_lf_or_die($buf);
+		unless ( $buf =~ s/capability=// ) {
+			die "bad capability buf: '$buf'";
+		}
+		push @cap, $buf;
+	}
+}
+
+# Read remote capabilities and check them against capabilities we require
+sub packet_read_and_check_capabilities {
+	my @required_caps = @_;
+	my ($res, @remote_caps) = packet_read_capabilities();
+	my %remote_caps = map { $_ => 1 } @remote_caps;
+	foreach (@required_caps) {
+		unless (exists($remote_caps{$_})) {
+			die "required '$_' capability not available from remote" ;
+		}
+	}
+	return %remote_caps;
+}
+
+# Check our capabilities we want to advertise against the remote ones
+# and then advertise our capabilities
+sub packet_check_and_write_capabilities {
+	my ($remote_caps, @our_caps) = @_;
+	foreach (@our_caps) {
+		unless (exists($remote_caps->{$_})) {
+			die "our capability '$_' is not available from remote"
+		}
+		packet_txt_write( "capability=" . $_ );
+	}
+	packet_flush();
+}
+
+1;
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN.pm b/perl/Git/SVN.pm
index 152fb7e927..76b2965905 100644
--- a/perl/Git/SVN.pm
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN.pm
@@ -98,6 +98,11 @@ sub resolve_local_globs {
 				    " globbed: $refname\n";
 			}
 			my $u = (::cmt_metadata("$refname"))[0];
+			if (!defined($u)) {
+				warn
+"W: $refname: no associated commit metadata from SVN, skipping\n";
+				next;
+			}
 			$u =~ s!^\Q$url\E(/|$)!! or die
 			  "$refname: '$url' not found in '$u'\n";
 			if ($pathname ne $u) {
@@ -485,7 +490,7 @@ sub refname {
 	#
 	# Additionally, % must be escaped because it is used for escaping
 	# and we want our escaped refname to be reversible
-	$refname =~ s{([ \%~\^:\?\*\[\t])}{sprintf('%%%02X',ord($1))}eg;
+	$refname =~ s{([ \%~\^:\?\*\[\t\\])}{sprintf('%%%02X',ord($1))}eg;
 
 	# no slash-separated component can begin with a dot .
 	# /.* becomes /%2E*
@@ -802,10 +807,15 @@ sub get_fetch_range {
 	(++$min, $max);
 }
 
+sub svn_dir {
+	command_oneline(qw(rev-parse --git-path svn));
+}
+
 sub tmp_config {
 	my (@args) = @_;
-	my $old_def_config = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/config";
-	my $config = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/.metadata";
+	my $svn_dir = svn_dir();
+	my $old_def_config = "$svn_dir/config";
+	my $config = "$svn_dir/.metadata";
 	if (! -f $config && -f $old_def_config) {
 		rename $old_def_config, $config or
 		       die "Failed rename $old_def_config => $config: $!\n";
@@ -1211,20 +1221,87 @@ sub do_fetch {
 sub mkemptydirs {
 	my ($self, $r) = @_;
 
+	# add/remove/collect a paths table
+	#
+	# Paths are split into a tree of nodes, stored as a hash of hashes.
+	#
+	# Each node contains a 'path' entry for the path (if any) associated
+	# with that node and a 'children' entry for any nodes under that
+	# location.
+	#
+	# Removing a path requires a hash lookup for each component then
+	# dropping that node (and anything under it), which is substantially
+	# faster than a grep slice into a single hash of paths for large
+	# numbers of paths.
+	#
+	# For a large (200K) number of empty_dir directives this reduces
+	# scanning time to 3 seconds vs 10 minutes for grep+delete on a single
+	# hash of paths.
+	sub add_path {
+		my ($paths_table, $path) = @_;
+		my $node_ref;
+
+		foreach my $x (split('/', $path)) {
+			if (!exists($paths_table->{$x})) {
+				$paths_table->{$x} = { children => {} };
+			}
+
+			$node_ref = $paths_table->{$x};
+			$paths_table = $paths_table->{$x}->{children};
+		}
+
+		$node_ref->{path} = $path;
+	}
+
+	sub remove_path {
+		my ($paths_table, $path) = @_;
+		my $nodes_ref;
+		my $node_name;
+
+		foreach my $x (split('/', $path)) {
+			if (!exists($paths_table->{$x})) {
+				return;
+			}
+
+			$nodes_ref = $paths_table;
+			$node_name = $x;
+
+			$paths_table = $paths_table->{$x}->{children};
+		}
+
+		delete($nodes_ref->{$node_name});
+	}
+
+	sub collect_paths {
+		my ($paths_table, $paths_ref) = @_;
+
+		foreach my $v (values %$paths_table) {
+			my $p = $v->{path};
+			my $c = $v->{children};
+
+			collect_paths($c, $paths_ref);
+
+			if (defined($p)) {
+				push(@$paths_ref, $p);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	sub scan {
-		my ($r, $empty_dirs, $line) = @_;
+		my ($r, $paths_table, $line) = @_;
 		if (defined $r && $line =~ /^r(\d+)$/) {
 			return 0 if $1 > $r;
 		} elsif ($line =~ /^  \+empty_dir: (.+)$/) {
-			$empty_dirs->{$1} = 1;
+			add_path($paths_table, $1);
 		} elsif ($line =~ /^  \-empty_dir: (.+)$/) {
-			my @d = grep {m[^\Q$1\E(/|$)]} (keys %$empty_dirs);
-			delete @$empty_dirs{@d};
+			remove_path($paths_table, $1);
 		}
 		1; # continue
 	};
 
-	my %empty_dirs = ();
+	my @empty_dirs;
+	my %paths_table;
+
 	my $gz_file = "$self->{dir}/unhandled.log.gz";
 	if (-f $gz_file) {
 		if (!can_compress()) {
@@ -1235,7 +1312,7 @@ sub mkemptydirs {
 				die "Unable to open $gz_file: $!\n";
 			my $line;
 			while ($gz->gzreadline($line) > 0) {
-				scan($r, \%empty_dirs, $line) or last;
+				scan($r, \%paths_table, $line) or last;
 			}
 			$gz->gzclose;
 		}
@@ -1244,13 +1321,14 @@ sub mkemptydirs {
 	if (open my $fh, '<', "$self->{dir}/unhandled.log") {
 		binmode $fh or croak "binmode: $!";
 		while (<$fh>) {
-			scan($r, \%empty_dirs, $_) or last;
+			scan($r, \%paths_table, $_) or last;
 		}
 		close $fh;
 	}
 
+	collect_paths(\%paths_table, \@empty_dirs);
 	my $strip = qr/\A\Q@{[$self->path]}\E(?:\/|$)/;
-	foreach my $d (sort keys %empty_dirs) {
+	foreach my $d (sort @empty_dirs) {
 		$d = uri_decode($d);
 		$d =~ s/$strip//;
 		next unless length($d);
@@ -1327,7 +1405,7 @@ sub parse_svn_date {
 		$ENV{TZ} = 'UTC';
 
 		my $epoch_in_UTC =
-		    Time::Local::timelocal($S, $M, $H, $d, $m - 1, $Y - 1900);
+		    Time::Local::timelocal($S, $M, $H, $d, $m - 1, $Y);
 
 		# Determine our local timezone (including DST) at the
 		# time of $epoch_in_UTC.  $Git::SVN::Log::TZ stored the
@@ -1338,7 +1416,7 @@ sub parse_svn_date {
 			delete $ENV{TZ};
 		}
 
-		my $our_TZ = get_tz_offset();
+		my $our_TZ = get_tz_offset($epoch_in_UTC);
 
 		# This converts $epoch_in_UTC into our local timezone.
 		my ($sec, $min, $hour, $mday, $mon, $year,
@@ -1404,7 +1482,6 @@ sub call_authors_prog {
 	}
 	if ($author =~ /^\s*(.+?)\s*<(.*)>\s*$/) {
 		my ($name, $email) = ($1, $2);
-		$email = undef if length $2 == 0;
 		return [$name, $email];
 	} else {
 		die "Author: $orig_author: $::_authors_prog returned "
@@ -1585,7 +1662,17 @@ sub tie_for_persistent_memoization {
 	if ($memo_backend > 0) {
 		tie %$hash => 'Git::SVN::Memoize::YAML', "$path.yaml";
 	} else {
-		tie %$hash => 'Memoize::Storable', "$path.db", 'nstore';
+		# first verify that any existing file can actually be loaded
+		# (it may have been saved by an incompatible version)
+		my $db = "$path.db";
+		if (-e $db) {
+			use Storable qw(retrieve);
+
+			if (!eval { retrieve($db); 1 }) {
+				unlink $db or die "unlink $db failed: $!";
+			}
+		}
+		tie %$hash => 'Memoize::Storable', $db, 'nstore';
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1598,7 +1685,7 @@ sub tie_for_persistent_memoization {
 		return if $memoized;
 		$memoized = 1;
 
-		my $cache_path = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/.caches/";
+		my $cache_path = svn_dir() . '/.caches/';
 		mkpath([$cache_path]) unless -d $cache_path;
 
 		my %lookup_svn_merge_cache;
@@ -1639,7 +1726,7 @@ sub tie_for_persistent_memoization {
 	sub clear_memoized_mergeinfo_caches {
 		die "Only call this method in non-memoized context" if ($memoized);
 
-		my $cache_path = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/.caches/";
+		my $cache_path = svn_dir() . '/.caches/';
 		return unless -d $cache_path;
 
 		for my $cache_file (("$cache_path/lookup_svn_merge",
@@ -1836,15 +1923,22 @@ sub make_log_entry {
 
 	my @parents = @$parents;
 	my $props = $ed->{dir_prop}{$self->path};
-	if ( $props->{"svk:merge"} ) {
-		$self->find_extra_svk_parents($props->{"svk:merge"}, \@parents);
-	}
-	if ( $props->{"svn:mergeinfo"} ) {
-		my $mi_changes = $self->mergeinfo_changes
-			($parent_path, $parent_rev,
-			 $self->path, $rev,
-			 $props->{"svn:mergeinfo"});
-		$self->find_extra_svn_parents($mi_changes, \@parents);
+	if ($self->follow_parent) {
+		my $tickets = $props->{"svk:merge"};
+		if ($tickets) {
+			$self->find_extra_svk_parents($tickets, \@parents);
+		}
+
+		my $mergeinfo_prop = $props->{"svn:mergeinfo"};
+		if ($mergeinfo_prop) {
+			my $mi_changes = $self->mergeinfo_changes(
+						$parent_path,
+						$parent_rev,
+						$self->path,
+						$rev,
+						$mergeinfo_prop);
+			$self->find_extra_svn_parents($mi_changes, \@parents);
+		}
 	}
 
 	open my $un, '>>', "$self->{dir}/unhandled.log" or croak $!;
@@ -1925,8 +2019,8 @@ sub make_log_entry {
 		remove_username($full_url);
 		$log_entry{metadata} = "$full_url\@$r $uuid";
 		$log_entry{svm_revision} = $r;
-		$email ||= "$author\@$uuid";
-		$commit_email ||= "$author\@$uuid";
+		$email = "$author\@$uuid" unless defined $email;
+		$commit_email = "$author\@$uuid" unless defined $commit_email;
 	} elsif ($self->use_svnsync_props) {
 		my $full_url = canonicalize_url(
 			add_path_to_url( $self->svnsync->{url}, $self->path )
@@ -1934,15 +2028,15 @@ sub make_log_entry {
 		remove_username($full_url);
 		my $uuid = $self->svnsync->{uuid};
 		$log_entry{metadata} = "$full_url\@$rev $uuid";
-		$email ||= "$author\@$uuid";
-		$commit_email ||= "$author\@$uuid";
+		$email = "$author\@$uuid" unless defined $email;
+		$commit_email = "$author\@$uuid" unless defined $commit_email;
 	} else {
 		my $url = $self->metadata_url;
 		remove_username($url);
 		my $uuid = $self->rewrite_uuid || $self->ra->get_uuid;
 		$log_entry{metadata} = "$url\@$rev " . $uuid;
-		$email ||= "$author\@" . $uuid;
-		$commit_email ||= "$author\@" . $uuid;
+		$email = "$author\@$uuid" unless defined $email;
+		$commit_email = "$author\@$uuid" unless defined $commit_email;
 	}
 	$log_entry{name} = $name;
 	$log_entry{email} = $email;
@@ -2366,12 +2460,13 @@ sub _new {
 		             "refs/remotes/$prefix$default_ref_id";
 	}
 	$_[1] = $repo_id;
-	my $dir = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/$ref_id";
+	my $svn_dir = svn_dir();
+	my $dir = "$svn_dir/$ref_id";
 
-	# Older repos imported by us used $GIT_DIR/svn/foo instead of
-	# $GIT_DIR/svn/refs/remotes/foo when tracking refs/remotes/foo
+	# Older repos imported by us used $svn_dir/foo instead of
+	# $svn_dir/refs/remotes/foo when tracking refs/remotes/foo
 	if ($ref_id =~ m{^refs/remotes/(.+)}) {
-		my $old_dir = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/$1";
+		my $old_dir = "$svn_dir/$1";
 		if (-d $old_dir && ! -d $dir) {
 			$dir = $old_dir;
 		}
@@ -2381,7 +2476,7 @@ sub _new {
 	mkpath([$dir]);
 	my $obj = bless {
 		ref_id => $ref_id, dir => $dir, index => "$dir/index",
-	        config => "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/config",
+	        config => "$svn_dir/config",
 	        map_root => "$dir/.rev_map", repo_id => $repo_id }, $class;
 
 	# Ensure it gets canonicalized
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/Editor.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/Editor.pm
index c50176eec9..0df16ed726 100644
--- a/perl/Git/SVN/Editor.pm
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/Editor.pm
@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@ use SVN::Delta;
 use Carp qw/croak/;
 use Git qw/command command_oneline command_noisy command_output_pipe
            command_input_pipe command_close_pipe
-           command_bidi_pipe command_close_bidi_pipe/;
+           command_bidi_pipe command_close_bidi_pipe
+           get_record/;
+
 BEGIN {
 	@ISA = qw(SVN::Delta::Editor);
 }
@@ -41,6 +43,7 @@ sub new {
 	                       "$self->{svn_path}/" : '';
 	$self->{config} = $opts->{config};
 	$self->{mergeinfo} = $opts->{mergeinfo};
+	$self->{pathnameencoding} = Git::config('svn.pathnameencoding');
 	return $self;
 }
 
@@ -56,11 +59,9 @@ sub generate_diff {
 	push @diff_tree, "-l$_rename_limit" if defined $_rename_limit;
 	push @diff_tree, $tree_a, $tree_b;
 	my ($diff_fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(@diff_tree);
-	local $/ = "\0";
 	my $state = 'meta';
 	my @mods;
-	while (<$diff_fh>) {
-		chomp $_; # this gets rid of the trailing "\0"
+	while (defined($_ = get_record($diff_fh, "\0"))) {
 		if ($state eq 'meta' && /^:(\d{6})\s(\d{6})\s
 					($::sha1)\s($::sha1)\s
 					([MTCRAD])\d*$/xo) {
@@ -143,11 +144,12 @@ sub repo_path {
 
 sub url_path {
 	my ($self, $path) = @_;
+	$path = $self->repo_path($path);
 	if ($self->{url} =~ m#^https?://#) {
 		# characters are taken from subversion/libsvn_subr/path.c
 		$path =~ s#([^~a-zA-Z0-9_./!$&'()*+,-])#sprintf("%%%02X",ord($1))#eg;
 	}
-	$self->{url} . '/' . $self->repo_path($path);
+	$self->{url} . '/' . $path;
 }
 
 sub rmdirs {
@@ -171,9 +173,7 @@ sub rmdirs {
 
 	my ($fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree --name-only -r -z/,
 	                                     $self->{tree_b});
-	local $/ = "\0";
-	while (<$fh>) {
-		chomp;
+	while (defined($_ = get_record($fh, "\0"))) {
 		my @dn = split m#/#, $_;
 		while (pop @dn) {
 			delete $rm->{join '/', @dn};
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/Fetcher.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/Fetcher.pm
index d8c21ad915..64e900a0e9 100644
--- a/perl/Git/SVN/Fetcher.pm
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/Fetcher.pm
@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@ use Carp qw/croak/;
 use File::Basename qw/dirname/;
 use Git qw/command command_oneline command_noisy command_output_pipe
            command_input_pipe command_close_pipe
-           command_bidi_pipe command_close_bidi_pipe/;
+           command_bidi_pipe command_close_bidi_pipe
+           get_record/;
 BEGIN {
 	@ISA = qw(SVN::Delta::Editor);
 }
@@ -86,11 +87,9 @@ sub _mark_empty_symlinks {
 	my $printed_warning;
 	chomp(my $empty_blob = `git hash-object -t blob --stdin < /dev/null`);
 	my ($ls, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree -r -z/, $cmt);
-	local $/ = "\0";
 	my $pfx = defined($switch_path) ? $switch_path : $git_svn->path;
 	$pfx .= '/' if length($pfx);
-	while (<$ls>) {
-		chomp;
+	while (defined($_ = get_record($ls, "\0"))) {
 		s/\A100644 blob $empty_blob\t//o or next;
 		unless ($printed_warning) {
 			print STDERR "Scanning for empty symlinks, ",
@@ -179,9 +178,7 @@ sub delete_entry {
 		my ($ls, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree
 		                                     -r --name-only -z/,
 				                     $tree);
-		local $/ = "\0";
-		while (<$ls>) {
-			chomp;
+		while (defined($_ = get_record($ls, "\0"))) {
 			my $rmpath = "$gpath/$_";
 			$self->{gii}->remove($rmpath);
 			print "\tD\t$rmpath\n" unless $::_q;
@@ -247,9 +244,7 @@ sub add_directory {
 		my ($ls, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree
 		                                     -r --name-only -z/,
 				                     $self->{c});
-		local $/ = "\0";
-		while (<$ls>) {
-			chomp;
+		while (defined($_ = get_record($ls, "\0"))) {
 			$self->{gii}->remove($_);
 			print "\tD\t$_\n" unless $::_q;
 			push @deleted_gpath, $gpath;
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/GlobSpec.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/GlobSpec.pm
index c95f5d76ca..a0a8d17621 100644
--- a/perl/Git/SVN/GlobSpec.pm
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/GlobSpec.pm
@@ -8,19 +8,23 @@ sub new {
 	$re =~ s!/+$!!g; # no need for trailing slashes
 	my (@left, @right, @patterns);
 	my $state = "left";
-	my $die_msg = "Only one set of wildcard directories " .
-				"(e.g. '*' or '*/*/*') is supported: '$glob'\n";
+	my $die_msg = "Only one set of wildcards " .
+				"(e.g. '*' or '*/*/*') is supported: $glob\n";
 	for my $part (split(m|/|, $glob)) {
-		if ($part =~ /\*/ && $part ne "*") {
-			die "Invalid pattern in '$glob': $part\n";
-		} elsif ($pattern_ok && $part =~ /[{}]/ &&
+		if ($pattern_ok && $part =~ /[{}]/ &&
 			 $part !~ /^\{[^{}]+\}/) {
 			die "Invalid pattern in '$glob': $part\n";
 		}
-		if ($part eq "*") {
+		my $nstars = $part =~ tr/*//;
+		if ($nstars > 1) {
+			die "Only one '*' is allowed in a pattern: '$part'\n";
+		}
+		if ($part =~ /(.*)\*(.*)/) {
 			die $die_msg if $state eq "right";
+			my ($l, $r) = ($1, $2);
 			$state = "pattern";
-			push(@patterns, "[^/]*");
+			my $pat = quotemeta($l) . '[^/]*' . quotemeta($r);
+			push(@patterns, $pat);
 		} elsif ($pattern_ok && $part =~ /^\{(.*)\}$/) {
 			die $die_msg if $state eq "right";
 			$state = "pattern";
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/Migration.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/Migration.pm
index cf6ffa7581..dc90f6a621 100644
--- a/perl/Git/SVN/Migration.pm
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/Migration.pm
@@ -44,7 +44,9 @@ use Git qw(
 	command_noisy
 	command_output_pipe
 	command_close_pipe
+	command_oneline
 );
+use Git::SVN;
 
 sub migrate_from_v0 {
 	my $git_dir = $ENV{GIT_DIR};
@@ -55,7 +57,9 @@ sub migrate_from_v0 {
 		chomp;
 		my ($id, $orig_ref) = ($_, $_);
 		next unless $id =~ s#^refs/heads/(.+)-HEAD$#$1#;
-		next unless -f "$git_dir/$id/info/url";
+		my $info_url = command_oneline(qw(rev-parse --git-path),
+						"$id/info/url");
+		next unless -f $info_url;
 		my $new_ref = "refs/remotes/$id";
 		if (::verify_ref("$new_ref^0")) {
 			print STDERR "W: $orig_ref is probably an old ",
@@ -82,7 +86,7 @@ sub migrate_from_v1 {
 	my $git_dir = $ENV{GIT_DIR};
 	my $migrated = 0;
 	return $migrated unless -d $git_dir;
-	my $svn_dir = "$git_dir/svn";
+	my $svn_dir = Git::SVN::svn_dir();
 
 	# just in case somebody used 'svn' as their $id at some point...
 	return $migrated if -d $svn_dir && ! -f "$svn_dir/info/url";
@@ -97,27 +101,28 @@ sub migrate_from_v1 {
 		my $x = $_;
 		next unless $x =~ s#^refs/remotes/##;
 		chomp $x;
-		next unless -f "$git_dir/$x/info/url";
-		my $u = eval { ::file_to_s("$git_dir/$x/info/url") };
+		my $info_url = command_oneline(qw(rev-parse --git-path),
+						"$x/info/url");
+		next unless -f $info_url;
+		my $u = eval { ::file_to_s($info_url) };
 		next unless $u;
-		my $dn = dirname("$git_dir/svn/$x");
+		my $dn = dirname("$svn_dir/$x");
 		mkpath([$dn]) unless -d $dn;
 		if ($x eq 'svn') { # they used 'svn' as GIT_SVN_ID:
-			mkpath(["$git_dir/svn/svn"]);
+			mkpath(["$svn_dir/svn"]);
 			print STDERR " - $git_dir/$x/info => ",
-			                "$git_dir/svn/$x/info\n";
-			rename "$git_dir/$x/info", "$git_dir/svn/$x/info" or
+			                "$svn_dir/$x/info\n";
+			rename "$git_dir/$x/info", "$svn_dir/$x/info" or
 			       croak "$!: $x";
 			# don't worry too much about these, they probably
 			# don't exist with repos this old (save for index,
 			# and we can easily regenerate that)
 			foreach my $f (qw/unhandled.log index .rev_db/) {
-				rename "$git_dir/$x/$f", "$git_dir/svn/$x/$f";
+				rename "$git_dir/$x/$f", "$svn_dir/$x/$f";
 			}
 		} else {
-			print STDERR " - $git_dir/$x => $git_dir/svn/$x\n";
-			rename "$git_dir/$x", "$git_dir/svn/$x" or
-			       croak "$!: $x";
+			print STDERR " - $git_dir/$x => $svn_dir/$x\n";
+			rename "$git_dir/$x", "$svn_dir/$x" or croak "$!: $x";
 		}
 		$migrated++;
 	}
@@ -139,9 +144,10 @@ sub read_old_urls {
 			push @dir, $_;
 		}
 	}
+	my $svn_dir = Git::SVN::svn_dir();
 	foreach (@dir) {
 		my $x = $_;
-		$x =~ s!^\Q$ENV{GIT_DIR}\E/svn/!!o;
+		$x =~ s!^\Q$svn_dir\E/!!o;
 		read_old_urls($l_map, $x, $_);
 	}
 }
@@ -150,7 +156,7 @@ sub migrate_from_v2 {
 	my @cfg = command(qw/config -l/);
 	return if grep /^svn-remote\..+\.url=/, @cfg;
 	my %l_map;
-	read_old_urls(\%l_map, '', "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn");
+	read_old_urls(\%l_map, '', Git::SVN::svn_dir());
 	my $migrated = 0;
 
 	require Git::SVN;
@@ -239,7 +245,8 @@ sub minimize_connections {
 		}
 	}
 	if (@emptied) {
-		my $file = $ENV{GIT_CONFIG} || "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/config";
+		my $file = $ENV{GIT_CONFIG} ||
+			command_oneline(qw(rev-parse --git-path config));
 		print STDERR <<EOF;
 The following [svn-remote] sections in your config file ($file) are empty
 and can be safely removed:
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/Ra.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/Ra.pm
index 4a499fcb38..56ad9870bc 100644
--- a/perl/Git/SVN/Ra.pm
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/Ra.pm
@@ -81,7 +81,6 @@ sub prepare_config_once {
 	SVN::_Core::svn_config_ensure($config_dir, undef);
 	my ($baton, $callbacks) = SVN::Core::auth_open_helper(_auth_providers);
 	my $config = SVN::Core::config_get_config($config_dir);
-	my $dont_store_passwords = 1;
 	my $conf_t = $config->{'config'};
 
 	no warnings 'once';
@@ -93,9 +92,14 @@ sub prepare_config_once {
 	    $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_SECTION_AUTH,
 	    $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_OPTION_STORE_PASSWORDS,
 	    1) == 0) {
+		my $val = '1';
+		if (::compare_svn_version('1.9.0') < 0) { # pre-SVN r1553823
+			my $dont_store_passwords = 1;
+			$val = bless \$dont_store_passwords, "_p_void";
+		}
 		SVN::_Core::svn_auth_set_parameter($baton,
 		    $SVN::_Core::SVN_AUTH_PARAM_DONT_STORE_PASSWORDS,
-		    bless (\$dont_store_passwords, "_p_void"));
+		    $val);
 	}
 	if (SVN::_Core::svn_config_get_bool($conf_t,
 	    $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_SECTION_AUTH,
@@ -602,7 +606,7 @@ sub minimize_url {
 			my $latest = $ra->get_latest_revnum;
 			$ra->get_log("", $latest, 0, 1, 0, 1, sub {});
 		};
-	} while ($@ && ($c = shift @components));
+	} while ($@ && defined($c = shift @components));
 
 	return canonicalize_url($url);
 }
diff --git a/perl/Makefile b/perl/Makefile
deleted file mode 100644
index 15d96fcc7a..0000000000
--- a/perl/Makefile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
-#
-# Makefile for perl support modules and routine
-#
-makfile:=perl.mak
-modules =
-
-PERL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PERL_PATH))
-prefix_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(prefix))
-localedir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(localedir))
-
-ifndef V
-	QUIET = @
-endif
-
-all install instlibdir: $(makfile)
-	$(QUIET)$(MAKE) -f $(makfile) $@
-
-clean:
-	$(QUIET)test -f $(makfile) && $(MAKE) -f $(makfile) $@ || exit 0
-	$(RM) ppport.h
-	$(RM) $(makfile)
-	$(RM) $(makfile).old
-	$(RM) PM.stamp
-
-$(makfile): PM.stamp
-
-ifdef NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER
-instdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(prefix)/lib)
-
-modules += Git
-modules += Git/I18N
-modules += Git/IndexInfo
-modules += Git/SVN
-modules += Git/SVN/Memoize/YAML
-modules += Git/SVN/Fetcher
-modules += Git/SVN/Editor
-modules += Git/SVN/GlobSpec
-modules += Git/SVN/Log
-modules += Git/SVN/Migration
-modules += Git/SVN/Prompt
-modules += Git/SVN/Ra
-modules += Git/SVN/Utils
-
-$(makfile): ../GIT-CFLAGS Makefile
-	echo all: private-Error.pm Git.pm Git/I18N.pm > $@
-	set -e; \
-	for i in $(modules); \
-	do \
-		if test $$i = $${i%/*}; \
-		then \
-			subdir=; \
-		else \
-			subdir=/$${i%/*}; \
-		fi; \
-		echo '	$(RM) blib/lib/'$$i'.pm' >> $@; \
-		echo '	mkdir -p blib/lib'$$subdir >> $@; \
-		echo '	cp '$$i'.pm blib/lib/'$$i'.pm' >> $@; \
-	done
-	echo '	$(RM) blib/lib/Error.pm' >> $@
-	'$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' -MError -e 'exit($$Error::VERSION < 0.15009)' || \
-	echo '	cp private-Error.pm blib/lib/Error.pm' >> $@
-	echo install: >> $@
-	set -e; \
-	for i in $(modules); \
-	do \
-		if test $$i = $${i%/*}; \
-		then \
-			subdir=; \
-		else \
-			subdir=/$${i%/*}; \
-		fi; \
-		echo '	$(RM) "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)/'$$i'.pm"' >> $@; \
-		echo '	mkdir -p "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)'$$subdir'"' >> $@; \
-		echo '	cp '$$i'.pm "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)/'$$i'.pm"' >> $@; \
-	done
-	echo '	$(RM) "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)/Error.pm"' >> $@
-	'$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' -MError -e 'exit($$Error::VERSION < 0.15009)' || \
-	echo '	cp private-Error.pm "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)/Error.pm"' >> $@
-	echo instlibdir: >> $@
-	echo '	echo $(instdir_SQ)' >> $@
-else
-$(makfile): Makefile.PL ../GIT-CFLAGS
-	$(PERL_PATH) $< PREFIX='$(prefix_SQ)' INSTALL_BASE='' --localedir='$(localedir_SQ)'
-endif
-
-# this is just added comfort for calling make directly in perl dir
-# (even though GIT-CFLAGS aren't used yet. If ever)
-../GIT-CFLAGS:
-	$(MAKE) -C .. GIT-CFLAGS
diff --git a/perl/Makefile.PL b/perl/Makefile.PL
deleted file mode 100644
index 3f29ba98a6..0000000000
--- a/perl/Makefile.PL
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-use strict;
-use warnings;
-use ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
-use Getopt::Long;
-use File::Find;
-
-# Don't forget to update the perl/Makefile, too.
-# Don't forget to test with NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER=YesPlease
-
-# Sanity: die at first unknown option
-Getopt::Long::Configure qw/ pass_through /;
-
-my $localedir = '';
-GetOptions("localedir=s" => \$localedir);
-
-sub MY::postamble {
-	return <<'MAKE_FRAG';
-instlibdir:
-	@echo '$(INSTALLSITELIB)'
-
-ifneq (,$(DESTDIR))
-ifeq (0,$(shell expr '$(MM_VERSION)' '>' 6.10))
-$(error ExtUtils::MakeMaker version "$(MM_VERSION)" is older than 6.11 and so \
-	is likely incompatible with the DESTDIR mechanism.  Try setting \
-	NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER=1 instead)
-endif
-endif
-
-MAKE_FRAG
-}
-
-# Find all the .pm files in "Git/" and Git.pm
-my %pm;
-find sub {
-	return unless /\.pm$/;
-
-	# sometimes File::Find prepends a ./  Strip it.
-	my $pm_path = $File::Find::name;
-	$pm_path =~ s{^\./}{};
-
-	$pm{$pm_path} = '$(INST_LIBDIR)/'.$pm_path;
-}, "Git", "Git.pm";
-
-
-# We come with our own bundled Error.pm. It's not in the set of default
-# Perl modules so install it if it's not available on the system yet.
-if ( !eval { require Error } || $Error::VERSION < 0.15009) {
-	$pm{'private-Error.pm'} = '$(INST_LIBDIR)/Error.pm';
-}
-
-# redirect stdout, otherwise the message "Writing perl.mak for Git"
-# disrupts the output for the target 'instlibdir'
-open STDOUT, ">&STDERR";
-
-WriteMakefile(
-	NAME            => 'Git',
-	VERSION_FROM    => 'Git.pm',
-	PM		=> \%pm,
-	PM_FILTER	=> qq[\$(PERL) -pe "s<\\Q++LOCALEDIR++\\E><$localedir>"],
-	MAKEFILE	=> 'perl.mak',
-	INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR => '$(SITEPREFIX)/share/man/man3'
-);
diff --git a/perl/header_templates/fixed_prefix.template.pl b/perl/header_templates/fixed_prefix.template.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..857b4391a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/header_templates/fixed_prefix.template.pl
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+use lib (split(/@@PATHSEP@@/, $ENV{GITPERLLIB} || '@@INSTLIBDIR@@'));
diff --git a/perl/header_templates/runtime_prefix.template.pl b/perl/header_templates/runtime_prefix.template.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9d28b3d863
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/header_templates/runtime_prefix.template.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# BEGIN RUNTIME_PREFIX generated code.
+#
+# This finds our Git::* libraries relative to the script's runtime path.
+sub __git_system_path {
+	my ($relpath) = @_;
+	my $gitexecdir_relative = '@@GITEXECDIR_REL@@';
+
+	# GIT_EXEC_PATH is supplied by `git` or the test suite.
+	my $exec_path;
+	if (exists $ENV{GIT_EXEC_PATH}) {
+		$exec_path = $ENV{GIT_EXEC_PATH};
+	} else {
+		# This can happen if this script is being directly invoked instead of run
+		# by "git".
+		require FindBin;
+		$exec_path = $FindBin::Bin;
+	}
+
+	# Trim off the relative gitexecdir path to get the system path.
+	(my $prefix = $exec_path) =~ s/\Q$gitexecdir_relative\E$//;
+
+	require File::Spec;
+	return File::Spec->catdir($prefix, $relpath);
+}
+
+BEGIN {
+	use lib split /@@PATHSEP@@/,
+	(
+		$ENV{GITPERLLIB} ||
+		do {
+			my $perllibdir = __git_system_path('@@PERLLIBDIR_REL@@');
+			(-e $perllibdir) || die("Invalid system path ($relpath): $path");
+			$perllibdir;
+		}
+	);
+
+	# Export the system locale directory to the I18N module. The locale directory
+	# is only installed if NO_GETTEXT is set.
+	$Git::I18N::TEXTDOMAINDIR = __git_system_path('@@LOCALEDIR_REL@@');
+}
+
+# END RUNTIME_PREFIX generated code.
diff --git a/pkt-line.c b/pkt-line.c
index 187a2293e7..04d10bbd03 100644
--- a/pkt-line.c
+++ b/pkt-line.c
@@ -1,19 +1,60 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
 
 char packet_buffer[LARGE_PACKET_MAX];
 static const char *packet_trace_prefix = "git";
 static struct trace_key trace_packet = TRACE_KEY_INIT(PACKET);
+static struct trace_key trace_pack = TRACE_KEY_INIT(PACKFILE);
 
 void packet_trace_identity(const char *prog)
 {
 	packet_trace_prefix = xstrdup(prog);
 }
 
+static const char *get_trace_prefix(void)
+{
+	return in_async() ? "sideband" : packet_trace_prefix;
+}
+
+static int packet_trace_pack(const char *buf, unsigned int len, int sideband)
+{
+	if (!sideband) {
+		trace_verbatim(&trace_pack, buf, len);
+		return 1;
+	} else if (len && *buf == '\1') {
+		trace_verbatim(&trace_pack, buf + 1, len - 1);
+		return 1;
+	} else {
+		/* it's another non-pack sideband */
+		return 0;
+	}
+}
+
 static void packet_trace(const char *buf, unsigned int len, int write)
 {
 	int i;
 	struct strbuf out;
+	static int in_pack, sideband;
+
+	if (!trace_want(&trace_packet) && !trace_want(&trace_pack))
+		return;
+
+	if (in_pack) {
+		if (packet_trace_pack(buf, len, sideband))
+			return;
+	} else if (starts_with(buf, "PACK") || starts_with(buf, "\1PACK")) {
+		in_pack = 1;
+		sideband = *buf == '\1';
+		packet_trace_pack(buf, len, sideband);
+
+		/*
+		 * Make a note in the human-readable trace that the pack data
+		 * started.
+		 */
+		buf = "PACK ...";
+		len = strlen(buf);
+	}
 
 	if (!trace_want(&trace_packet))
 		return;
@@ -22,24 +63,17 @@ static void packet_trace(const char *buf, unsigned int len, int write)
 	strbuf_init(&out, len+32);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&out, "packet: %12s%c ",
-		    packet_trace_prefix, write ? '>' : '<');
+		    get_trace_prefix(), write ? '>' : '<');
 
-	if ((len >= 4 && starts_with(buf, "PACK")) ||
-	    (len >= 5 && starts_with(buf+1, "PACK"))) {
-		strbuf_addstr(&out, "PACK ...");
-		trace_disable(&trace_packet);
-	}
-	else {
-		/* XXX we should really handle printable utf8 */
-		for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-			/* suppress newlines */
-			if (buf[i] == '\n')
-				continue;
-			if (buf[i] >= 0x20 && buf[i] <= 0x7e)
-				strbuf_addch(&out, buf[i]);
-			else
-				strbuf_addf(&out, "\\%o", buf[i]);
-		}
+	/* XXX we should really handle printable utf8 */
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		/* suppress newlines */
+		if (buf[i] == '\n')
+			continue;
+		if (buf[i] >= 0x20 && buf[i] <= 0x7e)
+			strbuf_addch(&out, buf[i]);
+		else
+			strbuf_addf(&out, "\\%o", buf[i]);
 	}
 
 	strbuf_addch(&out, '\n');
@@ -57,16 +91,46 @@ void packet_flush(int fd)
 	write_or_die(fd, "0000", 4);
 }
 
+void packet_delim(int fd)
+{
+	packet_trace("0001", 4, 1);
+	write_or_die(fd, "0001", 4);
+}
+
+int packet_flush_gently(int fd)
+{
+	packet_trace("0000", 4, 1);
+	if (write_in_full(fd, "0000", 4) < 0)
+		return error(_("flush packet write failed"));
+	return 0;
+}
+
 void packet_buf_flush(struct strbuf *buf)
 {
 	packet_trace("0000", 4, 1);
 	strbuf_add(buf, "0000", 4);
 }
 
-#define hex(a) (hexchar[(a) & 15])
-static void format_packet(struct strbuf *out, const char *fmt, va_list args)
+void packet_buf_delim(struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	packet_trace("0001", 4, 1);
+	strbuf_add(buf, "0001", 4);
+}
+
+static void set_packet_header(char *buf, const int size)
 {
 	static char hexchar[] = "0123456789abcdef";
+
+	#define hex(a) (hexchar[(a) & 15])
+	buf[0] = hex(size >> 12);
+	buf[1] = hex(size >> 8);
+	buf[2] = hex(size >> 4);
+	buf[3] = hex(size);
+	#undef hex
+}
+
+static void format_packet(struct strbuf *out, const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
 	size_t orig_len, n;
 
 	orig_len = out->len;
@@ -75,25 +139,71 @@ static void format_packet(struct strbuf *out, const char *fmt, va_list args)
 	n = out->len - orig_len;
 
 	if (n > LARGE_PACKET_MAX)
-		die("protocol error: impossibly long line");
+		die(_("protocol error: impossibly long line"));
 
-	out->buf[orig_len + 0] = hex(n >> 12);
-	out->buf[orig_len + 1] = hex(n >> 8);
-	out->buf[orig_len + 2] = hex(n >> 4);
-	out->buf[orig_len + 3] = hex(n);
+	set_packet_header(&out->buf[orig_len], n);
 	packet_trace(out->buf + orig_len + 4, n - 4, 1);
 }
 
-void packet_write(int fd, const char *fmt, ...)
+static int packet_write_fmt_1(int fd, int gently,
+			      const char *fmt, va_list args)
 {
 	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	va_list args;
 
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
-	va_start(args, fmt);
 	format_packet(&buf, fmt, args);
+	if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) < 0) {
+		if (!gently) {
+			check_pipe(errno);
+			die_errno(_("packet write with format failed"));
+		}
+		return error(_("packet write with format failed"));
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void packet_write_fmt(int fd, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list args;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	packet_write_fmt_1(fd, 0, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+}
+
+int packet_write_fmt_gently(int fd, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	int status;
+	va_list args;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	status = packet_write_fmt_1(fd, 1, fmt, args);
 	va_end(args);
-	write_or_die(fd, buf.buf, buf.len);
+	return status;
+}
+
+static int packet_write_gently(const int fd_out, const char *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	static char packet_write_buffer[LARGE_PACKET_MAX];
+	size_t packet_size;
+
+	if (size > sizeof(packet_write_buffer) - 4)
+		return error(_("packet write failed - data exceeds max packet size"));
+
+	packet_trace(buf, size, 1);
+	packet_size = size + 4;
+	set_packet_header(packet_write_buffer, packet_size);
+	memcpy(packet_write_buffer + 4, buf, size);
+	if (write_in_full(fd_out, packet_write_buffer, packet_size) < 0)
+		return error(_("packet write failed"));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void packet_write(int fd_out, const char *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	if (packet_write_gently(fd_out, buf, size))
+		die_errno(_("packet write failed"));
 }
 
 void packet_buf_write(struct strbuf *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
@@ -105,13 +215,69 @@ void packet_buf_write(struct strbuf *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
 	va_end(args);
 }
 
+void packet_buf_write_len(struct strbuf *buf, const char *data, size_t len)
+{
+	size_t orig_len, n;
+
+	orig_len = buf->len;
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, "0000");
+	strbuf_add(buf, data, len);
+	n = buf->len - orig_len;
+
+	if (n > LARGE_PACKET_MAX)
+		die(_("protocol error: impossibly long line"));
+
+	set_packet_header(&buf->buf[orig_len], n);
+	packet_trace(data, len, 1);
+}
+
+int write_packetized_from_fd(int fd_in, int fd_out)
+{
+	static char buf[LARGE_PACKET_DATA_MAX];
+	int err = 0;
+	ssize_t bytes_to_write;
+
+	while (!err) {
+		bytes_to_write = xread(fd_in, buf, sizeof(buf));
+		if (bytes_to_write < 0)
+			return COPY_READ_ERROR;
+		if (bytes_to_write == 0)
+			break;
+		err = packet_write_gently(fd_out, buf, bytes_to_write);
+	}
+	if (!err)
+		err = packet_flush_gently(fd_out);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int write_packetized_from_buf(const char *src_in, size_t len, int fd_out)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	size_t bytes_written = 0;
+	size_t bytes_to_write;
+
+	while (!err) {
+		if ((len - bytes_written) > LARGE_PACKET_DATA_MAX)
+			bytes_to_write = LARGE_PACKET_DATA_MAX;
+		else
+			bytes_to_write = len - bytes_written;
+		if (bytes_to_write == 0)
+			break;
+		err = packet_write_gently(fd_out, src_in + bytes_written, bytes_to_write);
+		bytes_written += bytes_to_write;
+	}
+	if (!err)
+		err = packet_flush_gently(fd_out);
+	return err;
+}
+
 static int get_packet_data(int fd, char **src_buf, size_t *src_size,
 			   void *dst, unsigned size, int options)
 {
 	ssize_t ret;
 
 	if (fd >= 0 && src_buf && *src_buf)
-		die("BUG: multiple sources given to packet_read");
+		BUG("multiple sources given to packet_read");
 
 	/* Read up to "size" bytes from our source, whatever it is. */
 	if (src_buf && *src_buf) {
@@ -122,15 +288,15 @@ static int get_packet_data(int fd, char **src_buf, size_t *src_size,
 	} else {
 		ret = read_in_full(fd, dst, size);
 		if (ret < 0)
-			die_errno("read error");
+			die_errno(_("read error"));
 	}
 
 	/* And complain if we didn't get enough bytes to satisfy the read. */
-	if (ret < size) {
+	if (ret != size) {
 		if (options & PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF)
 			return -1;
 
-		die("The remote end hung up unexpectedly");
+		die(_("the remote end hung up unexpectedly"));
 	}
 
 	return ret;
@@ -138,51 +304,47 @@ static int get_packet_data(int fd, char **src_buf, size_t *src_size,
 
 static int packet_length(const char *linelen)
 {
-	int n;
-	int len = 0;
-
-	for (n = 0; n < 4; n++) {
-		unsigned char c = linelen[n];
-		len <<= 4;
-		if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
-			len += c - '0';
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f') {
-			len += c - 'a' + 10;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') {
-			len += c - 'A' + 10;
-			continue;
-		}
-		return -1;
-	}
-	return len;
+	int val = hex2chr(linelen);
+	return (val < 0) ? val : (val << 8) | hex2chr(linelen + 2);
 }
 
-int packet_read(int fd, char **src_buf, size_t *src_len,
-		char *buffer, unsigned size, int options)
+enum packet_read_status packet_read_with_status(int fd, char **src_buffer,
+						size_t *src_len, char *buffer,
+						unsigned size, int *pktlen,
+						int options)
 {
-	int len, ret;
+	int len;
 	char linelen[4];
 
-	ret = get_packet_data(fd, src_buf, src_len, linelen, 4, options);
-	if (ret < 0)
-		return ret;
+	if (get_packet_data(fd, src_buffer, src_len, linelen, 4, options) < 0) {
+		*pktlen = -1;
+		return PACKET_READ_EOF;
+	}
+
 	len = packet_length(linelen);
-	if (len < 0)
-		die("protocol error: bad line length character: %.4s", linelen);
-	if (!len) {
+
+	if (len < 0) {
+		die(_("protocol error: bad line length character: %.4s"), linelen);
+	} else if (!len) {
 		packet_trace("0000", 4, 0);
-		return 0;
+		*pktlen = 0;
+		return PACKET_READ_FLUSH;
+	} else if (len == 1) {
+		packet_trace("0001", 4, 0);
+		*pktlen = 0;
+		return PACKET_READ_DELIM;
+	} else if (len < 4) {
+		die(_("protocol error: bad line length %d"), len);
 	}
+
 	len -= 4;
-	if (len >= size)
-		die("protocol error: bad line length %d", len);
-	ret = get_packet_data(fd, src_buf, src_len, buffer, len, options);
-	if (ret < 0)
-		return ret;
+	if ((unsigned)len >= size)
+		die(_("protocol error: bad line length %d"), len);
+
+	if (get_packet_data(fd, src_buffer, src_len, buffer, len, options) < 0) {
+		*pktlen = -1;
+		return PACKET_READ_EOF;
+	}
 
 	if ((options & PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE) &&
 	    len && buffer[len-1] == '\n')
@@ -190,7 +352,19 @@ int packet_read(int fd, char **src_buf, size_t *src_len,
 
 	buffer[len] = 0;
 	packet_trace(buffer, len, 0);
-	return len;
+	*pktlen = len;
+	return PACKET_READ_NORMAL;
+}
+
+int packet_read(int fd, char **src_buffer, size_t *src_len,
+		char *buffer, unsigned size, int options)
+{
+	int pktlen = -1;
+
+	packet_read_with_status(fd, src_buffer, src_len, buffer, size,
+				&pktlen, options);
+
+	return pktlen;
 }
 
 static char *packet_read_line_generic(int fd,
@@ -202,7 +376,7 @@ static char *packet_read_line_generic(int fd,
 			      PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE);
 	if (dst_len)
 		*dst_len = len;
-	return len ? packet_buffer : NULL;
+	return (len > 0) ? packet_buffer : NULL;
 }
 
 char *packet_read_line(int fd, int *len_p)
@@ -210,7 +384,101 @@ char *packet_read_line(int fd, int *len_p)
 	return packet_read_line_generic(fd, NULL, NULL, len_p);
 }
 
+int packet_read_line_gently(int fd, int *dst_len, char **dst_line)
+{
+	int len = packet_read(fd, NULL, NULL,
+			      packet_buffer, sizeof(packet_buffer),
+			      PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE|PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF);
+	if (dst_len)
+		*dst_len = len;
+	if (dst_line)
+		*dst_line = (len > 0) ? packet_buffer : NULL;
+	return len;
+}
+
 char *packet_read_line_buf(char **src, size_t *src_len, int *dst_len)
 {
 	return packet_read_line_generic(-1, src, src_len, dst_len);
 }
+
+ssize_t read_packetized_to_strbuf(int fd_in, struct strbuf *sb_out)
+{
+	int packet_len;
+
+	size_t orig_len = sb_out->len;
+	size_t orig_alloc = sb_out->alloc;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		strbuf_grow(sb_out, LARGE_PACKET_DATA_MAX);
+		packet_len = packet_read(fd_in, NULL, NULL,
+			/* strbuf_grow() above always allocates one extra byte to
+			 * store a '\0' at the end of the string. packet_read()
+			 * writes a '\0' extra byte at the end, too. Let it know
+			 * that there is already room for the extra byte.
+			 */
+			sb_out->buf + sb_out->len, LARGE_PACKET_DATA_MAX+1,
+			PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF);
+		if (packet_len <= 0)
+			break;
+		sb_out->len += packet_len;
+	}
+
+	if (packet_len < 0) {
+		if (orig_alloc == 0)
+			strbuf_release(sb_out);
+		else
+			strbuf_setlen(sb_out, orig_len);
+		return packet_len;
+	}
+	return sb_out->len - orig_len;
+}
+
+/* Packet Reader Functions */
+void packet_reader_init(struct packet_reader *reader, int fd,
+			char *src_buffer, size_t src_len,
+			int options)
+{
+	memset(reader, 0, sizeof(*reader));
+
+	reader->fd = fd;
+	reader->src_buffer = src_buffer;
+	reader->src_len = src_len;
+	reader->buffer = packet_buffer;
+	reader->buffer_size = sizeof(packet_buffer);
+	reader->options = options;
+}
+
+enum packet_read_status packet_reader_read(struct packet_reader *reader)
+{
+	if (reader->line_peeked) {
+		reader->line_peeked = 0;
+		return reader->status;
+	}
+
+	reader->status = packet_read_with_status(reader->fd,
+						 &reader->src_buffer,
+						 &reader->src_len,
+						 reader->buffer,
+						 reader->buffer_size,
+						 &reader->pktlen,
+						 reader->options);
+
+	if (reader->status == PACKET_READ_NORMAL)
+		reader->line = reader->buffer;
+	else
+		reader->line = NULL;
+
+	return reader->status;
+}
+
+enum packet_read_status packet_reader_peek(struct packet_reader *reader)
+{
+	/* Only allow peeking a single line */
+	if (reader->line_peeked)
+		return reader->status;
+
+	/* Peek a line by reading it and setting peeked flag */
+	packet_reader_read(reader);
+	reader->line_peeked = 1;
+	return reader->status;
+}
diff --git a/pkt-line.h b/pkt-line.h
index 3cb9d91baa..5b28d43472 100644
--- a/pkt-line.h
+++ b/pkt-line.h
@@ -20,9 +20,17 @@
  * side can't, we stay with pure read/write interfaces.
  */
 void packet_flush(int fd);
-void packet_write(int fd, const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+void packet_delim(int fd);
+void packet_write_fmt(int fd, const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
 void packet_buf_flush(struct strbuf *buf);
+void packet_buf_delim(struct strbuf *buf);
+void packet_write(int fd_out, const char *buf, size_t size);
 void packet_buf_write(struct strbuf *buf, const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+void packet_buf_write_len(struct strbuf *buf, const char *data, size_t len);
+int packet_flush_gently(int fd);
+int packet_write_fmt_gently(int fd, const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+int write_packetized_from_fd(int fd_in, int fd_out);
+int write_packetized_from_buf(const char *src_in, size_t len, int fd_out);
 
 /*
  * Read a packetized line into the buffer, which must be at least size bytes
@@ -61,6 +69,23 @@ int packet_read(int fd, char **src_buffer, size_t *src_len, char
 		*buffer, unsigned size, int options);
 
 /*
+ * Read a packetized line into a buffer like the 'packet_read()' function but
+ * returns an 'enum packet_read_status' which indicates the status of the read.
+ * The number of bytes read will be assigined to *pktlen if the status of the
+ * read was 'PACKET_READ_NORMAL'.
+ */
+enum packet_read_status {
+	PACKET_READ_EOF,
+	PACKET_READ_NORMAL,
+	PACKET_READ_FLUSH,
+	PACKET_READ_DELIM,
+};
+enum packet_read_status packet_read_with_status(int fd, char **src_buffer,
+						size_t *src_len, char *buffer,
+						unsigned size, int *pktlen,
+						int options);
+
+/*
  * Convenience wrapper for packet_read that is not gentle, and sets the
  * CHOMP_NEWLINE option. The return value is NULL for a flush packet,
  * and otherwise points to a static buffer (that may be overwritten by
@@ -70,13 +95,88 @@ int packet_read(int fd, char **src_buffer, size_t *src_len, char
 char *packet_read_line(int fd, int *size);
 
 /*
+ * Convenience wrapper for packet_read that sets the PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF
+ * and CHOMP_NEWLINE options. The return value specifies the number of bytes
+ * read into the buffer or -1 on truncated input. If the *dst_line parameter
+ * is not NULL it will return NULL for a flush packet or when the number of
+ * bytes copied is zero and otherwise points to a static buffer (that may be
+ * overwritten by subsequent calls). If the size parameter is not NULL, the
+ * length of the packet is written to it.
+ */
+int packet_read_line_gently(int fd, int *size, char **dst_line);
+
+/*
  * Same as packet_read_line, but read from a buf rather than a descriptor;
  * see packet_read for details on how src_* is used.
  */
 char *packet_read_line_buf(char **src_buf, size_t *src_len, int *size);
 
+/*
+ * Reads a stream of variable sized packets until a flush packet is detected.
+ */
+ssize_t read_packetized_to_strbuf(int fd_in, struct strbuf *sb_out);
+
+struct packet_reader {
+	/* source file descriptor */
+	int fd;
+
+	/* source buffer and its size */
+	char *src_buffer;
+	size_t src_len;
+
+	/* buffer that pkt-lines are read into and its size */
+	char *buffer;
+	unsigned buffer_size;
+
+	/* options to be used during reads */
+	int options;
+
+	/* status of the last read */
+	enum packet_read_status status;
+
+	/* length of data read during the last read */
+	int pktlen;
+
+	/* the last line read */
+	const char *line;
+
+	/* indicates if a line has been peeked */
+	int line_peeked;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Initialize a 'struct packet_reader' object which is an
+ * abstraction around the 'packet_read_with_status()' function.
+ */
+extern void packet_reader_init(struct packet_reader *reader, int fd,
+			       char *src_buffer, size_t src_len,
+			       int options);
+
+/*
+ * Perform a packet read and return the status of the read.
+ * The values of 'pktlen' and 'line' are updated based on the status of the
+ * read as follows:
+ *
+ * PACKET_READ_ERROR: 'pktlen' is set to '-1' and 'line' is set to NULL
+ * PACKET_READ_NORMAL: 'pktlen' is set to the number of bytes read
+ *		       'line' is set to point at the read line
+ * PACKET_READ_FLUSH: 'pktlen' is set to '0' and 'line' is set to NULL
+ */
+extern enum packet_read_status packet_reader_read(struct packet_reader *reader);
+
+/*
+ * Peek the next packet line without consuming it and return the status.
+ * The next call to 'packet_reader_read()' will perform a read of the same line
+ * that was peeked, consuming the line.
+ *
+ * Peeking multiple times without calling 'packet_reader_read()' will return
+ * the same result.
+ */
+extern enum packet_read_status packet_reader_peek(struct packet_reader *reader);
+
 #define DEFAULT_PACKET_MAX 1000
 #define LARGE_PACKET_MAX 65520
+#define LARGE_PACKET_DATA_MAX (LARGE_PACKET_MAX - 4)
 extern char packet_buffer[LARGE_PACKET_MAX];
 
 #endif
diff --git a/po/README b/po/README
index d8c9111c82..fef4c0f0b5 100644
--- a/po/README
+++ b/po/README
@@ -10,10 +10,26 @@ coordinates our localization effort in the l10 coordinator repository:
 
         https://github.com/git-l10n/git-po/
 
+The two character language translation codes are defined by ISO_639-1, as
+stated in the gettext(1) full manual, appendix A.1, Usual Language Codes.
+
+
+Contributing to an existing translation
+---------------------------------------
 As a contributor for a language XX, you should first check TEAMS file in
 this directory to see whether a dedicated repository for your language XX
 exists. Fork the dedicated repository and start to work if it exists.
 
+Sometime, contributors may find that the translations of their Git
+distributions are quite different with the translations of the
+corresponding version from Git official. This is because some Git
+distributions (such as from Ubuntu, etc.) have their own l10n workflow.
+For this case, wrong translations should be reported and fixed through
+their workflows.
+
+
+Creating a new language translation
+-----------------------------------
 If you are the first contributor for the language XX, please fork this
 repository, prepare and/or update the translated message file po/XX.po
 (described later), and ask the l10n coordinator to pull your work.
@@ -23,6 +39,9 @@ coordinate among yourselves and nominate the team leader for your
 language, so that the l10n coordinator only needs to interact with one
 person per language.
 
+
+Translation Process Flow
+------------------------
 The overall data-flow looks like this:
 
     +-------------------+            +------------------+
diff --git a/po/TEAMS b/po/TEAMS
index a33a38e7d0..d8f7a2ba38 100644
--- a/po/TEAMS
+++ b/po/TEAMS
@@ -6,18 +6,19 @@ Repository:	https://github.com/git-l10n/git-po
 Leader:		Alexander Shopov <ash@kambanaria.org>
 
 Language:	ca (Catalan)
-Repository:	https://github.com/alexhenrie/git-po
-Leader:		Alex Henrie <alexhenrie24@gmail.com>
+Repository:	https://github.com/Softcatala/git-po
+Leader:		Jordi Mas <jmas@softcatala.org>
+Members:	Alex Henrie <alexhenrie24@gmail.com>
 
 Language:	de (German)
 Repository:	https://github.com/ralfth/git-po-de
-Leader:		Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@googlemail.com>
-Members:	Thomas Rast <tr@thomasrast.ch>
-		Jan Krüger <jk@jk.gs>
-		Christian Stimming <stimming@tuhh.de>
+Leader:		Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com>
+Members:	Matthias Rüster <matthias.ruester@gmail.com>
 		Phillip Szelat <phillip.szelat@gmail.com>
-		Matthias Rüster <matthias.ruester@gmail.com>
-		Magnus Görlitz <magnus.goerlitz@googlemail.com>
+
+Language:	es (Spanish)
+Repository:	https://github.com/ChrisADR/git-po
+Leader:		Christopher Díaz <christopher.diaz.riv@gmail.com>
 
 Language:	fr (French)
 Repository:	https://github.com/jnavila/git
@@ -32,9 +33,21 @@ Repository:	https://github.com/quizzlo/git-po-it/
 Leader:		Marco Paolone <marcopaolone AT gmail.com>
 Members:	Stefano Lattarini <stefano.lattarini AT gmail.com>
 
+Language:	ko (Korean)
+Repository:	https://github.com/git-l10n-ko/git-l10n-ko/
+Leader:		Gwan-gyeong Mun <elongbug@gmail.com>
+Members:	Changwoo Ryu <cwryu@debian.org>
+		Sihyeon Jang <uneedsihyeon@gmail.com>
+
 Language:	pt_PT (Portuguese - Portugal)
-Repository:	https://github.com/marcomsousa/git-l10n-pt_PT/
-Leader:		Marco Sousa <marcomsousa AT gmail.com>
+Repository:	https://github.com/vascool/git-po-pt/
+Leader:		Vasco Almeida <vascomalmeida@sapo.pt>
+Members:	Marco Sousa <marcomsousa AT gmail.com>
+
+Language:	ru (Russian)
+Repository:	https://github.com/DJm00n/git-po-ru/
+Leader:		Dimitriy Ryazantcev <DJm00n AT mail.ru>
+Members:	insolor <insolor AT gmail.com>
 
 Language:	sv (Swedish)
 Repository:	https://github.com/nafmo/git-l10n-sv/
@@ -46,12 +59,8 @@ Leader:		Trần Ng�c Quân <vnwildman AT gmail.com>
 Members:	Nguyễn Thái Ng�c Duy <pclouds AT gmail.com>
 
 Language:	zh_CN (Simplified Chinese)
-Repository:	https://github.com/gotgit/git-po-zh_CN/
-Leader:		Jiang Xin <worldhello.net@gmail.com>
-Members:	Riku <lu.riku AT gmail.com>
-		Zhuang Ya <zhuangya AT me.com>
-		Lian Cheng <rhythm.mail AT gmail.com>
-		Yichao Yu <yyc1992 AT gmail.com>
-		ws3389 <willsmith3389 AT gmail.com>
-		Thynson <lanxingcan AT gmail.com>
-		Wang Sheng <wangsheng2008love@163.com>
+Repository:	https://github.com/jiangxin/git/
+Leader:		Jiang Xin <worldhello.net AT gmail.com>
+Members:	Ray Chen <oldsharp AT gmail.com>
+		�云 <lilydjwg AT gmail.com>
+		Fangyi Zhou <fangyi.zhou AT yuriko.moe>
diff --git a/po/bg.po b/po/bg.po
index ccdd11eea9..036918f44d 100644
--- a/po/bg.po
+++ b/po/bg.po
@@ -1,33 +1,42 @@
 # Bulgarian translation of git po-file.
-# Copyright (C) 2014 Alexander Shopov <ash@kambanaria.org>.
+# Copyright (C) 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 Alexander Shopov <ash@kambanaria.org>.
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the git package.
-# Alexander Shopov <ash@kambanaria.org>, 2014.
+# Alexander Shopov <ash@kambanaria.org>, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018.
 #
 # ========================
 # DICTIONARY TO MERGE IN GIT GUI
 # ------------------------
-# range интервал
+# range диапазон
 # unreachable object недо�тижим обект
 # dangling objects обект извън клон
-# fast-forward тривиално �ливане
+# fast-forward превъртане
+# tree-level merge тривиално �ливане (различни файлове �а промен�ни, �лива �е като дърво)
+# automatic merge автоманично �ливаве (еднакви файлове �а промен�ни, но в неприпокриващи �е ча�ти)
+# real merge �ъщин�ко �ливане (а не превъртане)
+# three-way merge тройно �ливане
+# octopus merge множе�твено �ливане
 # stale remote �таро хранилище
 # rebase пребазирам
+# merge base база за �ливане
 # force (push) принудително изтла�квам
 # stash/index индек�
-# squash commits �мачкване на подавани�
+# squash commit вкарвам подаване в преднходното
+# fixup commit вкарвам подаване в предходното без �леда
 # root commit начално подаване
-# fixup вкарвам подаване в предното без �леда
 # remote-tracking branch �лед�щ клон
 # git bundle пратка на git
 # bisect двоично тър�ене
 # am прилагам поредица от кръпки
-# working directory/tree — винаги работно дърво, git �леди ц�лото дърво, а не директории
-# switch to branch прехвърл�м �е/преминавам към клон
+# working directory/tree — винаги работно дърво, git �леди ц�лото дърво, а не директории, работна директори� за cwd
+# switch to branch преминавам към клон
 # sparse entry ча�тично изтеглена директори�/път
 # revision range диапазон на вер�иите
 # cover letter придружаващо пи�мо
 # reference repository еталонно хранилище
+# graft при�адка
 # grafted repository хранилище � при�аждане
+# replace refs заме�тващи указатели
+# embedded repository вградено/вътрешно хранилище (добав�нето му е грешка)
 # thin pack �ъкратен пакет
 # stat (a file) получавам информаци� чрез „stat“ (за файл)
 # mixed reset �ме�ено занул�ване (индек�а и указател� „HEAD“, без работното дърво)
@@ -44,94 +53,69 @@
 # topic branch тематичен клон
 # empty head връх без и�тори�
 # tree-ish указател към дърво
-# three-way merge тройно �ливане
 # dirty нечи�т, мръ�ен (файл, индек�)
-# fallback  резервен вариант
+# fallback резервен вариант
 # pathspec magic опци� за магиче�ки пътища
 # bitmap index индек� на база битови ма�ки
 # mark маркер
 # plumbing команди от �и�темно ниво
 # porcelain команди от потребител�ко ниво
 # pack [noun] пакетен файл - fixme in glossary
+# repack препакетирам
 # mainline базово подаване - при cherry-pick на merge - към ко� вер�и� да �е изчи�л�ва разликата
 # token лек�ема
 # trailer епилог/завършек на �ъобщение
-# ----
-# FAILED to parse неу�пешен анализ на... -> неразпозната �тойно�т на
-# blob обект BLOB
-# ========================
-# „“…— �≫�→
-#
-# stressed a
-# форма̀та
-# delta - разлика или делта
-# consistency between stdout - standard output/ stdin - standard input/ stderr - standard error
+# cwd текуща работна директори�
+# untracked cache кеш за не�ледените файлове
+# broken/corrupt повреден
+# restore въз�танов�вам
+# precious objects repo хранилище � важни обекти
+# linked checkout �вързано изтегл�не
+# term управл�ваща дума (за git-bisect)
 # mergetag етикет при �ливане
-#
-# ========================
-# RECHECK
+# packfile пакет
+# promisory гаратиращ, гарант promisory packfile гарантиращ пакет, promisory remote хранилище-гарант
+# delta - разлика, делта, обект-разлика
+# peeled tag - про�леден етикет - когато етикет �очи към друг етикет, а не подаване и про�лед�ваме подобно на �имволна връзка
+# strip - премахвам (за компонент при филтриране)
+# unrelated histories - незави�ими и�тории
+# inexact rename detection тър�ене на преименувани� на обекти �ъчетани � промени
+# hunk парче
+# binary patch двоична кръпка
+# reverse-apply прилагам в обратна по�ока
+# todo file файл � команди
+# todo command запланувава команда
+# alternate алтернативен източник
+# superproject обхващащ проект
+# split index раздел�не на индек�а
+# truncate отр�звам
+# format string форматиращ низ
+# hook кука
+# ignored (file) игнориран, пон�кога - пропу�нат
+# manual, man page ръковод�тво
+# guide въведение
+# partial clone непълно хранилище
+# cousins �е�трин�ки клони
+# expiration date дата на �рок
+# is well formed е по правилата
+# namespace про�тран�тво от имена
+# repository layout у�трой�тво на хранилището
+# collection/series of patches поредица от кръпки
+# recieve получавам
+# BOM маркер за поредно�тта на байтовете
+# ------------------------
+# „$var“ - може да не �работва за shell има gettext и eval_gettext - проверка - намират �е ле�но по „$
 # ------------------------
 # FIXME
 # HEAD as a reference vs head of a branch
 # git update-index -h извежда �амо един ред, а не ц�лата помощ за опциите
 # git fetch --al работи подобно на --all
-# ========================
-# GENERATE STATS
-# ------------------------
-# grep ^#: bg.po | cut -c4- |tr ' ' '\n'| sed -e 's/:[0-9][0-9]*//'  -e 's%.*/%%' -e 's/[.][^.]*$//' > OUT
-# sort -u OUT > UNIQUE
-# for i in `cat UNIQUE`; do echo   `grep "^$i$" OUT | wc -l` $i ; done | sort -nr > STATS
-#
-# ========================
-# FIND NON FULLY TRANSLATED
-# ------------------------
-# msgattrib  --untranslated bg.po > untranslated.po
-# msgattrib  --only-fuzzy bg.po > fuzzy.po
-# msgcat.exe untranslated.po fuzzy.po > new.po
-# grep ^#: new.po | cut -c4- |tr ' ' '\n'| sed -e 's/:[0-9][0-9]*//'  -e 's%.*/%%' -e 's/[.][^.]*$//' | sort -u
-#
-# ========================
-# STRINGS statistics
-# ------------------------
-# 2228t
-#
-# ========================
-# MOST IMPORTANT name asc ordering
-# ------------------------
-# add, blame, branch, checkout, clone, commit, common-cmds, config, diff, fetch, fsck, gc, git-rebase, git-stash, grep, log, mv, parse-options, push, reflog, remote, reset, revert, rm, wt-status
-#
-# ========================
-# IMPORTANT strings, name asc ordering
-# ------------------------
-# apply, archive, check-ignore, clean, date, describe, git-am, git-bisect, git-submodule, hash-object, init-db, ls-tree, merge, merge-base, merge-file, merge-recursive, name-rev, pathspec, show-ref, tag
-#
-# ========================
-# WHOLE STATISTICS strings desc, name asc ordering
-# ------------------------
-# 144 [remote]           47 [push]          26 [revert]         12 [checkout-index]  6 [prune]          2 [verify-tag]
-# 137 [commit]           46 [pack-objects]  24 [mv]             11 [date]            6 [gpg-interface]  2 [update-server-info]
-# 114 [branch]           41 [help]          23 [repack]         11 [column]          6 [check-attr]     2 [run-command]
-# 111 [apply]            39 [init-db]       21 [rm]             10 [urlmatch]        5 [write-tree]     2 [rerere]
-# 101 [notes]            36 [add]           21 [common-cmds]    10 [shortlog]        5 [sha1_name]      2 [read-cache]
-# 100 [wt-status]        35 [reset]         19 [show-branch]    10 [merge-file]      5 [rev-parse]      2 [obstack]
-#  97 [merge]            35 [archive]       19 [read-tree]      10 [merge-base]      4 [wrapper]        2 [advice]
-#  78 [checkout]         34 [config]        19 [bundle]         10 [ls-tree]         4 [prune-packed]   1 [unpack-trees]
-#  77 [log]              32 [clean]         16 [parse-options]  10 [hash-object]     4 [notes-utils]    1 [unpack-objects]
-#  69 [clone]            30 [git-am]        15 [fsck]           10 [for-each-ref]    4 [mktree]         1 [progress]
-#  68 [index-pack]       30 [describe]      14 [show-ref]       10 [cat-file]        4 [check-mailmap]  1 [precompose_utf8]
-#  68 [fetch]            29 [git-stash]     14 [gc]              9 [update-ref]      3 [verify-pack]    1 [object]
-#  64 [tag]              29 [git-bisect]    14 [fast-export]     9 [submodule]       3 [reflog]         1 [git]
-#  64 [grep]             28 [update-index]  13 [diff]            8 [replace]         3 [pack-refs]      1 [diffcore-rename]
-#  56 [sequencer]        28 [blame]         13 [check-ignore]    8 [git-pull]        3 [count-objects]  1 [diffcore-order]
-#  55 [merge-recursive]  27 [ls-files]      12 [pathspec]        8 [fmt-merge-msg]   3 [connected]      1 [attr]
-#  54 [git-submodule]    27 [git-rebase]    12 [name-rev]        7 [symbolic-ref]    3 [bisect--helper]
-#
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: git master\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-11-20 09:42+0800\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-11-20 16:09+0800\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-06-16 22:06+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-06-17 13:16+0200\n"
 "Last-Translator: Alexander Shopov <ash@kambanaria.org>\n"
 "Language-Team: Bulgarian <dict@fsa-bg.org>\n"
 "Language: bg\n"
@@ -140,113 +124,861 @@ msgstr ""
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
 
-#: advice.c:55
+#: advice.c:92
 #, c-format
-msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
-msgstr "Под�казка: %.*s\n"
+msgid "%shint: %.*s%s\n"
+msgstr "%sпод�казка: %.*s%s\n"
+
+#: advice.c:137
+msgid "Cherry-picking is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Отбирането на подавани� е блокирано от не�лети файлове."
+
+#: advice.c:139
+msgid "Committing is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Подаването е блокирано от не�лети файлове."
 
-# TRANSFER
-#: advice.c:88
+#: advice.c:141
+msgid "Merging is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Сливането е блокирано от не�лети файлове."
+
+#: advice.c:143
+msgid "Pulling is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Издърпването е блокирано от не�лети файлове."
+
+#: advice.c:145
+msgid "Reverting is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Отм�ната е блокирана от не�лети файлове."
+
+#: advice.c:147
+#, c-format
+msgid "It is not possible to %s because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Дей�твието „%s“ е блокирано от не�лети файлове."
+
+#: advice.c:155
 msgid ""
 "Fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
 "as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
 msgstr ""
-"Редактирайте ги в работното дърво, и тогава ползвайте „git add/rm Ф�ЙЛ“\n"
-"за да отбележите коригирането им. След това извършете подаването."
+"Редактирайте ги в работното дърво, и тогава ползвайте „git add/rm Ф�ЙЛ“,\n"
+"за да отбележите коригирането им.  След това извършете подаването."
+
+#: advice.c:163
+msgid "Exiting because of an unresolved conflict."
+msgstr "Изход от програмата заради некоригиран конфликт."
+
+#: advice.c:168 builtin/merge.c:1250
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "�е �те завършили �ливане.  (Указател�т „MERGE_HEAD“ �ъще�твува)."
+
+#: advice.c:170
+msgid "Please, commit your changes before merging."
+msgstr "Промените тр�бва да �е подадат преди �ливане."
+
+#: advice.c:171
+msgid "Exiting because of unfinished merge."
+msgstr "Изход от програмата заради незавършено �ливане."
+
+#: advice.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Note: checking out '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental\n"
+"changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this\n"
+"state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may\n"
+"do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Бележка: изтегл�не на „%s“.\n"
+"\n"
+"Указател�т „HEAD“ не е �вързан.  Може да разглеждате, да правите произволни\n"
+"промени и да ги подавате.  �ко изтеглите нещо друго, в�ички промени ще "
+"бъдат\n"
+"забравени и никой клон н�ма да �е промени.\n"
+"\n"
+"�ко и�кате да �ъздадете нов клон, за да запазите подавани�та �и, можете да\n"
+"направите това като зададете име на клон към опци�та „-b“ на командата\n"
+"„commit“.  �апример:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b ИМЕ_��_�ОВ_КЛО�\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: apply.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr "непозната опци� за знаците за интервали „%s“"
+
+#: apply.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr "непозната опци� за игнориране на знаците за интервали „%s“"
+
+#: apply.c:122
+msgid "--reject and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "опциите „--reject“ и „--3way“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
+
+#: apply.c:124
+msgid "--cached and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "опциите „--cached“ и „--3way“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
+
+#: apply.c:127
+msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+msgstr "като „--3way“, но извън хранилище"
+
+#: apply.c:138
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr "като „--index“, но извън хранилище"
+
+#: apply.c:141
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr "като „--cached“, но извън хранилище"
+
+#: apply.c:821
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr "Регул�рни�т израз за времето „%s“ не може за бъде компилиран"
+
+#: apply.c:830
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr "Регул�рни�т израз върна %d при подадена по�ледователно�т „%s“ на входа"
+
+#: apply.c:904
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr "Лип�ва име на файл на ред %d от кръпката"
+
+#: apply.c:942
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: лош изход от командата „git-diff“ — на ред %2$d �е очакваше „/dev/"
+"null“, а бе получен „%1$s“"
+
+#: apply.c:948
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: лош изход от командата „git-diff“ — на ред %d бе получено "
+"неправилно име на нов файл"
+
+#: apply.c:949
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: лош изход от командата „git-diff“ — на ред %d бе получено "
+"неправилно име на �тар файл"
+
+#: apply.c:954
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: лош изход от командата „git-diff“ — на ред %d �е очакваше „/dev/"
+"null“"
+
+#: apply.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid mode on line %d: %s"
+msgstr "грешен режим на ред №%d: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:1301
+#, c-format
+msgid "inconsistent header lines %d and %d"
+msgstr "не�ъвме�тими заглавни ча�ти на редове №%d и №%d"
+
+#: apply.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr "при повторното пребро�ване бе получен неочакван ред: „%.*s“"
+
+#: apply.c:1542
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "ча�т от кръпка без заглавна ча�т на ред %d: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1562
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"След �ъкращаването на %d-та ча�т от компонентите на път�, в заглавната ча�т "
+"на „git diff“ лип�ва информаци� за име на файл (ред: %d)"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"След �ъкращаването на първите %d ча�ти от компонентите на път�, в заглавната "
+"ча�т на „git diff“ лип�ва информаци� за име на файл (ред: %d)"
+
+#: apply.c:1575
+#, c-format
+msgid "git diff header lacks filename information (line %d)"
+msgstr ""
+"в заглавната ча�т на „git diff“ лип�ва информаци� за име на файл (ред: %d)"
+
+#: apply.c:1763
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr "нови�т файл зави�и от �тарото �ъдържание на файла"
+
+#: apply.c:1765
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr "изтрити�т файл не е празен"
+
+#: apply.c:1799
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr "грешка в кръпката на ред %d"
+
+#: apply.c:1836
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr "нови�т файл „%s“ зави�и от �тарото �ъдържание на файла"
+
+#: apply.c:1838
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr "изтрити�т файл „%s“ не е празен"
+
+#: apply.c:1841
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr "� предупреждение: файлът „%s“ вече е празен, но не е изтрит"
+
+#: apply.c:1988
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "грешка в двоичната кръпка на ред %d: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:2025
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr "неразпозната двоичната кръпка на ред %d"
+
+#: apply.c:2185
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr "кръпката е � изц�ло повредени данни на ред %d"
+
+#: apply.c:2271
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr "�имволната връзка „%s“ не може да бъде прочетена"
+
+#: apply.c:2275
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде отворен или прочетен"
+
+#: apply.c:2934
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr "неправилно начало на ред: „%c“"
+
+#: apply.c:3055
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] ""
+"%d-то парче код бе у�пешно приложено на ред %d (отме�тване от %d ред)."
+msgstr[1] ""
+"%d-то парче код бе у�пешно приложено на ред %d (отме�тване от %d реда)."
+
+#: apply.c:3067
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr ""
+"Контек�тът е намален на (%ld/%ld) за прилагането на парчето код на ред %d"
+
+#: apply.c:3073
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+"при тър�ене за:\n"
+"%.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:3095
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr "лип�ват данните за двоичната кръпка за „%s“"
+
+#: apply.c:3103
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot reverse-apply a binary patch without the reverse hunk to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"двоичната кръпка не може да �е приложи в обратна по�ока, когато обратното "
+"парче за „%s“ лип�ва"
 
-#: archive.c:11
-msgid "git archive [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+#: apply.c:3149
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot apply binary patch to '%s' without full index line"
+msgstr "към „%s“ не може да �е приложи двоична кръпка без пълен индек�"
+
+#: apply.c:3159
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the patch applies to '%s' (%s), which does not match the current contents."
+msgstr "кръпката �ъответ�тва на „%s“ (%s), който не �ъвпада по �ъдържание."
+
+#: apply.c:3167
+#, c-format
+msgid "the patch applies to an empty '%s' but it is not empty"
+msgstr "кръпката �ъответ�тва на „%s“, който тр�бва да е празен, но не е"
+
+#: apply.c:3185
+#, c-format
+msgid "the necessary postimage %s for '%s' cannot be read"
+msgstr ""
+"необходими�т резултат �лед операци�та  — „%s“ за „%s“ не може да бъде "
+"прочетен"
+
+#: apply.c:3198
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr "двоичната кръпка не може да бъде приложена върху „%s“"
+
+#: apply.c:3204
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr ""
+"двоичната кръпка за „%s“ води до неправилни резултати (очакваше �е: „%s“, а "
+"бе получено: „%s“)"
+
+#: apply.c:3225
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr "неу�пешно прилагане на кръпка: „%s:%ld“"
+
+#: apply.c:3347
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е изтегли"
+
+#: apply.c:3396 apply.c:3407 apply.c:3453 setup.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read %s"
+msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде прочетен"
+
+#: apply.c:3404
+#, c-format
+msgid "reading from '%s' beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "изчитане на „%s“ �лед про�лед�ване на �имволна връзка"
+
+#: apply.c:3433 apply.c:3673
+#, c-format
+msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr "обектът � път „%s“ е преименуван или изтрит"
+
+#: apply.c:3516 apply.c:3687
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr "„%s“ не �ъще�твува в индек�а"
+
+#: apply.c:3525 apply.c:3695
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr "„%s“ не �ъответ�тва на индек�а"
+
+#: apply.c:3560
+msgid "repository lacks the necessary blob to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+"в хранилището лип�ват необходимите обекти-BLOB, за да �е премине към тройно "
+"�ливане."
+
+#: apply.c:3563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Falling back to three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "Преминаване към тройно �ливане…\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3579 apply.c:3583
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read the current contents of '%s'"
+msgstr "текущото �ъдържание на „%s“ не може да бъде прочетено"
+
+#: apply.c:3595
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fall back on three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно преминаване към тройно �ливане…\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3609
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' with conflicts.\n"
+msgstr "Конфликти при прилагането на кръпката към „%s“.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3614
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' cleanly.\n"
+msgstr "Кръпката бе приложена чи�то към „%s“.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3640
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr "изтриващата кръпка о�тав� файла непразен"
+
+#: apply.c:3712
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr "„%s“: неправилен вид"
+
+#: apply.c:3714
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr "„%s“ е от вид „%o“, а �е очакваше „%o“"
+
+#: apply.c:3864 apply.c:3866
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid path '%s'"
+msgstr "неправилен път: „%s“"
+
+#: apply.c:3922
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr "„%s“: вече �ъще�твува в индек�а"
+
+#: apply.c:3925
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr "„%s“: вече �ъще�твува в работното дърво"
+
+#: apply.c:3945
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr "новите права за до�тъп (%o) на „%s“ не �ъвпадат �ъ� �тарите (%o)"
+
+#: apply.c:3950
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr ""
+"новите права за до�тъп (%o) на „%s“ не �ъвпадат �ъ� �тарите (%o) на „%s“"
+
+#: apply.c:3970
+#, c-format
+msgid "affected file '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "за�егнати�т файл „%s“ е �лед �имволна връзка"
+
+#: apply.c:3974
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr "Кръпката „%s“ не може да бъде приложена"
+
+#: apply.c:3989
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr "Провер�ване на кръпката „%s“…"
+
+#: apply.c:4080
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless for submodule %s"
+msgstr ""
+"информаци�та за �умата по SHA1 за подмодула лип�ва или не е до�татъчна (%s)."
+
+#: apply.c:4087
+#, c-format
+msgid "mode change for %s, which is not in current HEAD"
+msgstr "�м�на на режима на до�тъпа на „%s“, който не е в текущи� връх „HEAD“"
+
+#: apply.c:4090
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless (%s)."
+msgstr "информаци�та за �умата по SHA1 лип�ва или не е до�татъчна (%s)."
+
+#: apply.c:4095 builtin/checkout.c:235 builtin/reset.c:140
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "неу�пешно �ъздаване на запи� в кеша чрез „make_cache_entry“ за „%s“"
+
+#: apply.c:4099
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not add %s to temporary index"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е добави към временни� индек�"
+
+#: apply.c:4109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write temporary index to %s"
+msgstr "временни�т индек� не може да �е запази в „%s“"
+
+#: apply.c:4247
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е извади от индек�а"
+
+#: apply.c:4282
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
+msgstr "повредена кръпка за модула „%s“"
+
+#: apply.c:4288
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"не може да �е получи информаци� чрез „stat“ за ново�ъздадени� файл „%s“"
+
+#: apply.c:4296
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr ""
+"не може да �е за �ъздаде м��тото за �ъхранение на ново�ъздадени� файл „%s“"
+
+#: apply.c:4302 apply.c:4446
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr "не може да �е добави запи� в кеша за „%s“"
+
+#: apply.c:4343
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to write to '%s'"
+msgstr "в „%s“ не може да �е пише"
+
+#: apply.c:4347
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr "затвар�не на файла „%s“"
+
+#: apply.c:4417
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да �е запише � режим на до�тъп „%o“"
+
+#: apply.c:4515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr "Кръпката „%s“ бе приложена чи�то."
+
+#: apply.c:4523
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr "вътрешна грешка"
+
+#: apply.c:4526
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] "Прилагане на кръпката „%%s“ � %d отхвърлено парче…"
+msgstr[1] "Прилагане на кръпката „%%s“ � %d отхвърлени парчета…"
+
+#: apply.c:4537
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr "�ъкращаване на името на файла � отхвърлените парчета на „ %.*s.rej“"
+
+#: apply.c:4545 builtin/fetch.c:786 builtin/fetch.c:1036
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да бъде отворен"
+
+#: apply.c:4559
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr "%d-то парче бе у�пешно приложено."
+
+#: apply.c:4563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr "%d-то парче бе отхвърлено."
+
+#: apply.c:4673
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped patch '%s'."
+msgstr "Пропу�ната кръпка: „%s“"
+
+#: apply.c:4681
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr "непознат вход"
+
+#: apply.c:4700
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr "индек�ът не може да бъде запи�ан"
+
+#: apply.c:4837
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s': %s"
+msgstr "кръпката „%s“ не може да бъде отворена: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4864
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] "пренебрегната е %d грешка в знаците за интервали"
+msgstr[1] "пренебрегнати �а %d грешки в знаците за интервали"
+
+#: apply.c:4870 apply.c:4885
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d ред добав� грешки в знаците за интервали."
+msgstr[1] "%d реда добав�т грешки в знаците за интервали."
+
+#: apply.c:4878
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Добавен е %d ред �лед корекци�та на грешките в знаците за интервали."
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Добавени �а %d реда �лед корекци�та на грешките в знаците за интервали."
+
+#: apply.c:4894 builtin/add.c:538 builtin/mv.c:300 builtin/rm.c:389
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "�ови�т индек� не може да бъде запи�ан"
+
+#: apply.c:4921 apply.c:4924 builtin/am.c:2254 builtin/am.c:2257
+#: builtin/clone.c:120 builtin/fetch.c:126 builtin/pull.c:198
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:405 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1210
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1213 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1584
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1587 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1807
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "path"
+msgstr "път"
+
+#: apply.c:4922
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "без прилагане на промените напа�ващи на дадени� път"
+
+#: apply.c:4925
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "прилагане на промените напа�ващи на дадени� път"
+
+#: apply.c:4927 builtin/am.c:2263
+msgid "num"
+msgstr "БРОЙ"
+
+#: apply.c:4928
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr "премахване на този БРОЙ водещи елементи от пътищата в разликата"
+
+#: apply.c:4931
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr "игнориране на редовете добавени от тази кръпка"
+
+#: apply.c:4933
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr "извеждане на �тати�тика на промените без прилагане на кръпката"
+
+#: apply.c:4937
+msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr "извеждане на бро� на добавените и изтритите редове"
+
+#: apply.c:4939
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr "извеждане на �тати�тика на входните данни без прилагане на кръпката"
+
+#: apply.c:4941
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr "проверка дали кръпката може да �е приложи, без дей�твително прилагане"
+
+#: apply.c:4943
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr "проверка дали кръпката може да бъде приложена към текущи� индек�"
+
+#: apply.c:4945
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr "прилагане на кръпката без пром�на на работното дърво"
+
+#: apply.c:4947
+msgid "accept a patch that touches outside the working area"
+msgstr "прилагане на кръпка, ко�то промен� и файлове извън работното дърво"
+
+#: apply.c:4950
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr ""
+"кръпката да бъде приложена.  Опци�та �е комбинира � „--check“/„--stat“/„--"
+"summary“"
+
+#: apply.c:4952
+msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+msgstr "пробване � тройно �ливане, ако кръпката не може да �е приложи директно"
+
+#: apply.c:4954
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr ""
+"�ъздаване на временен индек� на база на включената информаци� за индек�а"
+
+#: apply.c:4957 builtin/checkout-index.c:168 builtin/ls-files.c:515
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr "раздел�не на пътищата � нулеви� знак „NUL“"
+
+#: apply.c:4959
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr "да �е о�игури контек�т от поне такъв БРОЙ �ъвпадащи редове"
+
+#: apply.c:4960 builtin/am.c:2242 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:95
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:97 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:99
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3177
+msgid "action"
+msgstr "дей�твие"
+
+#: apply.c:4961
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr "за�ичане на нови или променени редове � грешки в знаците за интервали"
+
+#: apply.c:4964 apply.c:4967
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr ""
+"игнориране на промените в знаците за интервали при откриване на контек�та"
+
+#: apply.c:4970
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr "прилагане на кръпката в обратна по�ока"
+
+#: apply.c:4972
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr "без изи�кване на дори и един ред контек�т"
+
+#: apply.c:4974
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr "о�тав�не на отхвърлените парчета във файлове � разширение „.rej“"
+
+#: apply.c:4976
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr "позвол�ване на за�тъпващи �е парчета"
+
+#: apply.c:4977 builtin/add.c:290 builtin/check-ignore.c:21
+#: builtin/commit.c:1301 builtin/count-objects.c:98 builtin/fsck.c:666
+#: builtin/log.c:1901 builtin/mv.c:122 builtin/read-tree.c:124
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr "повече подробно�ти"
+
+#: apply.c:4979
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr "пренебрегване на неправилно лип�ващ знак за нов ред в кра� на файл"
+
+#: apply.c:4982
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr "без довер�ване на номерата на редовете в заглавните ча�ти на парчетата"
+
+#: apply.c:4984 builtin/am.c:2251
+msgid "root"
+msgstr "��Ч�Л��_ДИРЕКТОРИЯ"
+
+#: apply.c:4985
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr "добав�не на тази ��Ч�Л��_ДИРЕКТОРИЯ към имената на в�ички файлове"
+
+#: archive.c:13
+msgid "git archive [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr "git archive [ОПЦИЯ…] УК�З�ТЕЛ_КЪМ_ДЪРВО [ПЪТ…]"
 
-#: archive.c:12
+#: archive.c:14
 msgid "git archive --list"
 msgstr "git archive --list"
 
-#: archive.c:13
+#: archive.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr ""
 "git archive --remote ХР��ИЛИЩЕ [--exec КОМ��Д�] [ОПЦИЯ…] УК�З�ТЕЛ_КЪМ_ДЪРВО "
 "[ПЪТ…]"
 
-#: archive.c:14
+#: archive.c:16
 msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
 msgstr "git archive --remote ХР��ИЛИЩЕ [--exec КОМ��Д�] --list"
 
-#: archive.c:334 builtin/add.c:137 builtin/add.c:427 builtin/rm.c:328
+#: archive.c:351 builtin/add.c:176 builtin/add.c:514 builtin/rm.c:298
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
 msgstr "път�т „%s“ не �ъвпада � никой файл"
 
-#: archive.c:419
+#: archive.c:434
 msgid "fmt"
 msgstr "ФОРМ�Т"
 
-#: archive.c:419
+#: archive.c:434
 msgid "archive format"
 msgstr "ФОРМ�Т на архива"
 
-#: archive.c:420 builtin/log.c:1204
+#: archive.c:435 builtin/log.c:1462
 msgid "prefix"
-msgstr "префик�"
+msgstr "ПРЕФИКС"
 
-#: archive.c:421
+#: archive.c:436
 msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
-msgstr "добав�не на този префик� към в�еки път в архива"
+msgstr "добав�не на този ПРЕФИКС към в�еки път в архива"
 
-#: archive.c:422 builtin/archive.c:88 builtin/blame.c:2517
-#: builtin/blame.c:2518 builtin/config.c:57 builtin/fast-export.c:986
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:988 builtin/grep.c:712 builtin/hash-object.c:101
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:489 builtin/ls-files.c:492 builtin/notes.c:411
-#: builtin/notes.c:568 builtin/read-tree.c:109 parse-options.h:151
+#: archive.c:437 builtin/blame.c:813 builtin/blame.c:814 builtin/config.c:127
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1007 builtin/fast-export.c:1009 builtin/grep.c:869
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103 builtin/ls-files.c:551 builtin/ls-files.c:554
+#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:568 builtin/read-tree.c:119
+#: parse-options.h:165
 msgid "file"
-msgstr "файл"
+msgstr "Ф�ЙЛ"
 
-#: archive.c:423 builtin/archive.c:89
+#: archive.c:438 builtin/archive.c:89
 msgid "write the archive to this file"
-msgstr "запазване на архива в този файл"
+msgstr "запазване на архива в този Ф�ЙЛ"
 
-#: archive.c:425
+#: archive.c:440
 msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
 msgstr "изчитане на „.gitattributes“ в работната директори�"
 
-#: archive.c:426
+#: archive.c:441
 msgid "report archived files on stderr"
 msgstr "извеждане на архивираните файлове на �тандартната грешка"
 
-#: archive.c:427
+#: archive.c:442
 msgid "store only"
 msgstr "�амо �ъхранение без компре�иране"
 
-#: archive.c:428
+#: archive.c:443
 msgid "compress faster"
 msgstr "бързо компре�иране"
 
-#: archive.c:436
+#: archive.c:451
 msgid "compress better"
 msgstr "добро компре�иране"
 
-#: archive.c:439
+#: archive.c:454
 msgid "list supported archive formats"
 msgstr "извеждане на �пи�ъка � поддържаните формати"
 
-#: archive.c:441 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:85
+#: archive.c:456 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:110 builtin/clone.c:113
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1222 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1593
 msgid "repo"
 msgstr "хранилище"
 
-#: archive.c:442 builtin/archive.c:91
+#: archive.c:457 builtin/archive.c:91
 msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
 msgstr "изтегл�не на архива от отдалеченото ХР��ИЛИЩЕ"
 
-#: archive.c:443 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:490
+#: archive.c:458 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:489
 msgid "command"
 msgstr "команда"
 
-#: archive.c:444 builtin/archive.c:93
+#: archive.c:459 builtin/archive.c:93
 msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
 msgstr "път към отдалечената команда „git-upload-archive“"
 
-#: attr.c:258
+#: archive.c:466
+msgid "Unexpected option --remote"
+msgstr "�еочаквана опци� „--remote“"
+
+#: archive.c:468
+msgid "Option --exec can only be used together with --remote"
+msgstr "Опци�та „--exec“ изи�ква „--remote“"
+
+#: archive.c:470
+msgid "Unexpected option --output"
+msgstr "�еочаквана опци� „--output“"
+
+#: archive.c:492
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown archive format '%s'"
+msgstr "�епознат формат на архив: „%s“"
+
+#: archive.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid "Argument not supported for format '%s': -%d"
+msgstr "�ргументът не �е поддържа за форма̀та „%s“: -%d"
+
+#: attr.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "%.*s is not a valid attribute name"
+msgstr "„%.*s“ е неправилно име за атрибут"
+
+#: attr.c:415
 msgid ""
 "Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
 "Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
@@ -254,85 +986,258 @@ msgstr ""
 "Отрицателните шаблони �е игнорират в атрибутите на git.\n"
 "�ко ви тр�бва начална удивителна, ползвайте „\\!“."
 
-#: branch.c:60
+#: bisect.c:461
+#, c-format
+msgid "Badly quoted content in file '%s': %s"
+msgstr "�еправилно цитирано �ъдържание във файла „%s“: %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:669
+#, c-format
+msgid "We cannot bisect more!\n"
+msgstr "Повече не може да �е тър�и двоично!\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid commit name %s"
+msgstr "�еправилно име на подаване „%s“"
+
+#: bisect.c:747
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is bad.\n"
+"This means the bug has been fixed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�еправилна база за �ливане: %s.\n"
+"Следователно грешката е коригирана между „%s“ и [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:752
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is new.\n"
+"The property has changed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�ова база за �ливане: %s.\n"
+"Свой�твото е променено между „%s“ и [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:757
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is %s.\n"
+"This means the first '%s' commit is between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Базата за �ливане „%s“ е %s.\n"
+"Следователно първото %s подаване е между „%s“ и [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Some %s revs are not ancestors of the %s rev.\n"
+"git bisect cannot work properly in this case.\n"
+"Maybe you mistook %s and %s revs?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"��кои от указателите от „%s“ не �а предше�твеници на указател� „%s“.\n"
+"Двоичното тър�ене � git bisect н�ма да работи правилно.\n"
+"Дали не �те объркали указателите „%s“ и „%s“?\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:778
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the merge base between %s and [%s] must be skipped.\n"
+"So we cannot be sure the first %s commit is between %s and %s.\n"
+"We continue anyway."
+msgstr ""
+"базата за �ливане между „%s“ и [%s] тр�бва да бъде пре�кочена.\n"
+"�е може да �ме �игурни, че първото %s подаване е между „%s“ и „%s“.\n"
+"Двоичното тър�ене продължава."
+
+#: bisect.c:811
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: a merge base must be tested\n"
+msgstr "Двоично тър�ене: тр�бва да �е провери база за �ливане\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:851
+#, c-format
+msgid "a %s revision is needed"
+msgstr "необходима е вер�и� „%s“"
+
+#: bisect.c:870 builtin/notes.c:175 builtin/tag.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздаден"
+
+#: bisect.c:921
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read file '%s'"
+msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде прочетен"
+
+#: bisect.c:951
+msgid "reading bisect refs failed"
+msgstr "неу�пешно прочитане на указателите за двоично тър�ене"
+
+#: bisect.c:970
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s was both %s and %s\n"
+msgstr "„%s“ e както „%s“, така и „%s“\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:978
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No testable commit found.\n"
+"Maybe you started with bad path parameters?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Лип�ва подход�що за те�тване подаване.\n"
+"Проверете параметрите за пътищата.\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:997
+#, c-format
+msgid "(roughly %d step)"
+msgid_plural "(roughly %d steps)"
+msgstr[0] "(приблизително %d �тъпка)"
+msgstr[1] "(приблизително %d �тъпки)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the last %s will be replaced with "(roughly %d
+#. steps)" translation.
+#.
+#: bisect.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: %d revision left to test after this %s\n"
+msgid_plural "Bisecting: %d revisions left to test after this %s\n"
+msgstr[0] "Двоично тър�ене: о�тава %d вер�и� �лед тази %s\n"
+msgstr[1] "Двоично тър�ене: о�тават %d вер�ии �лед тази %s\n"
+
+#: blame.c:1756
+msgid "--contents and --reverse do not blend well."
+msgstr "Опциите „--contents“ и „--reverse“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
+
+#: blame.c:1767
+msgid "cannot use --contents with final commit object name"
+msgstr "Опци�та „--contents“ е не�ъвме�тима � име на обект от крайно подаване"
+
+#: blame.c:1787
+msgid "--reverse and --first-parent together require specified latest commit"
+msgstr ""
+"Едновременното задаване на опциите „--reverse“ и „--first-parent“ изи�ква "
+"указването на крайно подаване"
+
+#: blame.c:1796 bundle.c:160 ref-filter.c:2075 sequencer.c:1861
+#: sequencer.c:3632 builtin/commit.c:981 builtin/log.c:366 builtin/log.c:920
+#: builtin/log.c:1371 builtin/log.c:1702 builtin/log.c:1950 builtin/merge.c:372
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:192
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr "неу�пешно на�тройване на обхождането на вер�иите"
+
+#: blame.c:1814
+msgid ""
+"--reverse --first-parent together require range along first-parent chain"
+msgstr ""
+"Едновременното задаване на опциите „--reverse“ и „--first-parent“ изи�ква "
+"указването на диапазон по веригата на първите на�ледници"
+
+#: blame.c:1825
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such path %s in %s"
+msgstr "н�ма път на име „%s“ в „%s“"
+
+#: blame.c:1836
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read blob %s for path %s"
+msgstr "обектът-BLOB „%s“ в път� %s не може да бъде прочетен"
+
+#: branch.c:54
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"After fixing the error cause you may try to fix up\n"
+"the remote tracking information by invoking\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"След корекци� на грешката, можете да обновите\n"
+"информаци�та за �ледени� клон чрез:\n"
+"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s"
+
+#: branch.c:68
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
 msgstr ""
 "Клонът „%s“ не може да �лужи като източник за �об�твената �и �инхронизаци�."
 
-#: branch.c:83
+#: branch.c:94
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s' by rebasing."
 msgstr ""
-"Клонът „%s“ ще �леди клона „%s“ от отдалеченото хранилище „%s“ чрез "
+"Клонът „%s“ ще �леди отдалечени� клон „%s“ от хранилището „%s“ чрез "
 "пребазиране."
 
-#: branch.c:84
+#: branch.c:95
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s."
-msgstr "Клонът „%s“ ще �леди клона „%s“ от отдалеченото хранилище „%s“."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s'."
+msgstr "Клонът „%s“ ще �леди отдалечени� клон „%s“ от хранилището „%s“."
 
-#: branch.c:88
+#: branch.c:99
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing."
-msgstr ""
-"Клонът „%s“ ще �леди клона „%s“ от локалното хранилище чрез пребазиране."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr "Клонът „%s“ ще �леди локални� клон „%s“ чрез пребазиране."
 
-#: branch.c:89
+#: branch.c:100
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s."
-msgstr "Клонът „%s“ ще �леди клона „%s“ от локалното хранилище."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Клонът „%s“ ще �леди локални� клон „%s“."
 
-#: branch.c:94
+#: branch.c:105
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s' by rebasing."
 msgstr "Клонът „%s“ ще �леди отдалечени� указател „%s“ чрез пребазиране."
 
-#: branch.c:95
+#: branch.c:106
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s'."
 msgstr "Клонът „%s“ ще �леди отдалечени� указател „%s“."
 
-#: branch.c:99
+#: branch.c:110
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s' by rebasing."
 msgstr "Клонът „%s“ ще �леди локални� указател „%s“ чрез пребазиране."
 
-#: branch.c:100
+#: branch.c:111
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s'."
 msgstr "Клонът „%s“ ще �леди локални� указател „%s“."
 
-#: branch.c:133
+#: branch.c:120
+msgid "Unable to write upstream branch configuration"
+msgstr "�а�тройките за �ледени� клон не могат да бъдат запи�ани"
+
+#: branch.c:157
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"
-msgstr "��ма �ледене: дву�ми�лена информаци� за указател� „%s“"
+msgstr "��ма �ледене: информаци�та за указател� „%s“ не е еднозначна"
 
-#: branch.c:162
+#: branch.c:190
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid branch name."
 msgstr "„%s“ не е позволено име за клон."
 
-#: branch.c:167
+#: branch.c:209
 #, c-format
 msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "Вече �ъще�твува клон � име „%s“."
 
-#: branch.c:175
+#: branch.c:214
 msgid "Cannot force update the current branch."
 msgstr "Текущи�т клон не може да бъде принудително обновен."
 
-#: branch.c:195
+#: branch.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch."
 msgstr "Зададените на�тройки за �леденето �а грешни — началото „%s“ не е клон."
 
-#: branch.c:197
+#: branch.c:236
 #, c-format
 msgid "the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "за�вени�т отдалечен клон „%s“ не �ъще�твува"
 
-#: branch.c:199
+#: branch.c:238
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
@@ -351,32 +1256,42 @@ msgstr ""
 "може да използвате „git push -u“, за да на�троите към кой клон да �е "
 "изтла�ква."
 
-#: branch.c:243
+#: branch.c:281
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'."
 msgstr "�еправилно име на обект: „%s“"
 
-#: branch.c:263
+#: branch.c:301
 #, c-format
 msgid "Ambiguous object name: '%s'."
-msgstr "Дву�ми�лено име на обект: „%s“"
+msgstr "Името на обект не е еднозначно: „%s“"
 
-#: branch.c:268
+#: branch.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid branch point: '%s'."
 msgstr "�еправилно м��то за начало на клон: „%s“"
 
+#: branch.c:360
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ вече е изтеглен в „%s“"
+
+#: branch.c:383
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD of working tree %s is not updated"
+msgstr "Указател�т „HEAD“ на работното дърво „%s“ не е обновен"
+
 #: bundle.c:34
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
 msgstr "Файлът „%s“ не изглежда да е пратка на git вер�и� 2"
 
-#: bundle.c:61
+#: bundle.c:62
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
 msgstr "непозната заглавна ча�т: %s%s (%d)"
 
-#: bundle.c:87 builtin/commit.c:788
+#: bundle.c:88 sequencer.c:2081 sequencer.c:2558 builtin/commit.c:755
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s'"
 msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е отвори"
@@ -385,252 +1300,507 @@ msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е отвори"
 msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
 msgstr "В хранилището лип�ват �ледните необходими подавани�:"
 
-#: bundle.c:163 sequencer.c:641 sequencer.c:1096 builtin/blame.c:2706
-#: builtin/branch.c:652 builtin/commit.c:1085 builtin/log.c:330
-#: builtin/log.c:823 builtin/log.c:1432 builtin/log.c:1669 builtin/merge.c:357
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:158
-msgid "revision walk setup failed"
-msgstr "неу�пешно на�тройване на обхождането на вер�иите"
-
-#: bundle.c:185
+#: bundle.c:190
 #, c-format
 msgid "The bundle contains this ref:"
 msgid_plural "The bundle contains these %d refs:"
 msgstr[0] "Пратката �ъдържа �ледни� указател:"
 msgstr[1] "Пратката �ъдържа �ледните %d указатели:"
 
-#: bundle.c:192
+#: bundle.c:197
 msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
 msgstr "Пратката �ъдържа пълна и�тори�."
 
-#: bundle.c:194
+#: bundle.c:199
 #, c-format
 msgid "The bundle requires this ref:"
 msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs:"
 msgstr[0] "Пратката изи�ква �ледни� указател:"
 msgstr[1] "Пратката изи�ква �ледните %d указатели:"
 
-#: bundle.c:251
+#: bundle.c:258
 msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
 msgstr "Командата „git pack-objects“ не може да бъде �тартирана"
 
-# FIXME better message
 #: bundle.c:269
 msgid "pack-objects died"
 msgstr "Командата „git pack-objects“ не завърши у�пешно"
 
-# FIXME better message
-#: bundle.c:309
+#: bundle.c:311
 msgid "rev-list died"
 msgstr "Командата „git rev-list“ не завърши у�пешно"
 
-#: bundle.c:358
+#: bundle.c:360
 #, c-format
 msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
 msgstr ""
 "указател�т „%s“ не е бил включен поради опциите зададени на „git rev-list“"
 
-#: bundle.c:438 builtin/log.c:153 builtin/log.c:1342 builtin/shortlog.c:261
+#: bundle.c:450 builtin/log.c:183 builtin/log.c:1607 builtin/shortlog.c:303
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
 msgstr "непознат аргумент: %s"
 
-#: bundle.c:444
+#: bundle.c:458
 msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
 msgstr "Създаването на празна пратка е невъзможно."
 
-#: bundle.c:454
+#: bundle.c:470
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot create '%s'"
 msgstr "Файлът „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздаден"
 
-# FIXME better message
-#: bundle.c:475
+#: bundle.c:498
 msgid "index-pack died"
 msgstr "Командата „git index-pack“ не завърши у�пешно"
 
-#: color.c:157
+#: color.c:296
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid color value: %.*s"
 msgstr "неправилна �тойно�т за цв�т: %.*s"
 
-#: commit.c:40
+#: commit.c:43 sequencer.c:2364 builtin/am.c:421 builtin/am.c:465
+#: builtin/am.c:1436 builtin/am.c:2072 builtin/replace.c:376
+#: builtin/replace.c:448
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not parse %s"
 msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е анализира"
 
-#: commit.c:42
+#: commit.c:45
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
 msgstr "%s %s не е подаване!"
 
-#: compat/obstack.c:406 compat/obstack.c:408
+#: commit.c:182
+msgid ""
+"Support for <GIT_DIR>/info/grafts is deprecated\n"
+"and will be removed in a future Git version.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please use \"git replace --convert-graft-file\"\n"
+"to convert the grafts into replace refs.\n"
+"\n"
+"Turn this message off by running\n"
+"\"git config advice.graftFileDeprecated false\""
+msgstr ""
+"Поддръжката на „<GIT_DIR>/info/grafts“ е о�тар�ла.\n"
+"В бъдеща вер�и� на Git ще бъде премахната.\n"
+"\n"
+"Може да преобразувате при�адките в заме�тващи\n"
+"указатели � командата:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git replace --convert-graft-file\n"
+"\n"
+"За да изключите това �ъобщение, ползвайте командата:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config advice.graftFileDeprecated false"
+
+#: commit.c:1540
+msgid ""
+"Warning: commit message did not conform to UTF-8.\n"
+"You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
+"variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: �ъобщението при подаване не е кодирано � UTF-8.\n"
+"Може да поправите подаването заедно �ъ� �ъобщението или може да\n"
+"зададете ползваното кодиране в на�тройката „i18n.commitencoding“.\n"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:669
+#, c-format
+msgid "the commit graph format cannot write %d commits"
+msgstr "форматът на гра̀фа � подавани�та не може да запише %d подавани�"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:696
+msgid "too many commits to write graph"
+msgstr "прекалено много подавани� за запи�ване на гра̀фа"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:707 builtin/init-db.c:516 builtin/init-db.c:521
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr "директори�та „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздадена"
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:405 compat/obstack.c:407
 msgid "memory exhausted"
 msgstr "паметта �върши"
 
-#: config.c:469 config.c:471
+#: config.c:187
+msgid "relative config include conditionals must come from files"
+msgstr "отно�ителните у�ловни изрази за вмъкване тр�бва да идват от файлове"
+
+#: config.c:788
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad config file line %d in %s"
-msgstr "неправилен ред %d в „%s“"
+msgid "bad config line %d in blob %s"
+msgstr "неправилен ред за на�тройки %d в BLOB „%s“"
 
-#: config.c:587
+#: config.c:792
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
-msgstr ""
-"неправилна чи�лова �тойно�т „%s“ за на�тройката „%s“ в раздела „%s“: %s"
+msgid "bad config line %d in file %s"
+msgstr "неправилен ред за на�тройки %d във файла „%s“"
+
+#: config.c:796
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in standard input"
+msgstr "неправилен ред за на�тройки %d на �тандартни� вход"
+
+#: config.c:800
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in submodule-blob %s"
+msgstr "неправилен ред за на�тройки %d в BLOB за подмодул „%s“"
+
+#: config.c:804
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in command line %s"
+msgstr "неправилен ред за на�тройки %d на командни� ред „%s“"
 
-#: config.c:589
+#: config.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in %s"
+msgstr "неправилен ред за на�тройки %d в „%s“"
+
+#: config.c:936
+msgid "out of range"
+msgstr "извън диапазона"
+
+#: config.c:936
+msgid "invalid unit"
+msgstr "неправилна мерна единица"
+
+#: config.c:942
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': %s"
-msgstr "неправилна чи�лова �тойно�т „%s“ за на�тройката „%s“: %s"
+msgstr "неправилна чи�лова �тойно�т „%s“ за „%s“: %s"
+
+#: config.c:947
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in blob %s: %s"
+msgstr "неправилна чи�лова �тойно�т „%s“ за „%s“ в BLOB „%s“: %s"
+
+#: config.c:950
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in file %s: %s"
+msgstr "неправилна чи�лова �тойно�т „%s“ за „%s“ във файла „%s“: %s"
 
-#: config.c:674
+#: config.c:953
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in standard input: %s"
+msgstr "неправилна чи�лова �тойно�т „%s“ за „%s“ на �тандартни� вход: %s"
+
+#: config.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in submodule-blob %s: %s"
+msgstr "неправилна чи�лова �тойно�т „%s“ за „%s“ в BLOB от подмодул „%s“: %s"
+
+#: config.c:959
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in command line %s: %s"
+msgstr "неправилна чи�лова �тойно�т „%s“ за „%s“ на командни� ред „%s“: %s"
+
+#: config.c:962
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
+msgstr "неправилна чи�лова �тойно�т „%s“ за „%s“ в %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:1057
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to expand user dir in: '%s'"
 msgstr "домашната папка на потребител� не може да бъде открита: „%s“"
 
-#: config.c:752 config.c:763
+#: config.c:1066
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
+msgstr "„%s“ не е правилна �тойно�т за време за „%s“"
+
+#: config.c:1171 config.c:1182
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad zlib compression level %d"
 msgstr "неправилно ниво на компре�иране: %d"
 
-#: config.c:885
+#: config.c:1307
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid mode for object creation: %s"
 msgstr "неправилен режим за �ъздаването на обекти: %s"
 
-#: config.c:1201
+#: config.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack compression level %d"
+msgstr "неправилно ниво на компре�иране при пакетиране: %d"
+
+#: config.c:1681
 msgid "unable to parse command-line config"
 msgstr "неправилни на�тройки от командни� ред"
 
-#: config.c:1262
-msgid "unknown error occured while reading the configuration files"
+#: config.c:2013
+msgid "unknown error occurred while reading the configuration files"
 msgstr "неочаквана грешка при изчитането на конфигурационните файлове"
 
-#: config.c:1586
+#: config.c:2200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "�еправилен %s: „%s“"
+
+#: config.c:2243
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown core.untrackedCache value '%s'; using 'keep' default value"
+msgstr ""
+"непозната �тойно�т „%s“ за на�тройката „core.untrackedCache“.  Ще �е ползва "
+"�тандартната �тойно�т „keep“ (запазване)"
+
+#: config.c:2269
+#, c-format
+msgid "splitIndex.maxPercentChange value '%d' should be between 0 and 100"
+msgstr ""
+"�тойно�тта на „splitIndex.maxPercentChange“ тр�бва да е между 1 и 100, а не "
+"%d"
+
+#: config.c:2294
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse '%s' from command-line config"
 msgstr "неразпозната �тойно�т „%s“ от командни� ред"
 
-#: config.c:1588
+#: config.c:2296
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad config variable '%s' in file '%s' at line %d"
 msgstr "неправилна на�тройка „%s“ във файла „%s“ на ред №%d"
 
-#: config.c:1647
+#: config.c:2402
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s has multiple values"
 msgstr "зададени �а н�колко �тойно�ти за „%s“"
 
-#: connected.c:69
+#: config.c:2766 config.c:3019
+#, c-format
+msgid "fstat on %s failed"
+msgstr "неу�пешно изпълнение на „fstat“ върху „%s“"
+
+#: config.c:2905
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not set '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е зададе да е „%s“"
+
+#: config.c:2907 builtin/remote.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not unset '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е премахне"
+
+#: connect.c:61
+msgid "The remote end hung up upon initial contact"
+msgstr "Отдалеченото хранилище прекъ�на връзката веднага �лед отвар�нето �"
+
+#: connect.c:63
+msgid ""
+"Could not read from remote repository.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please make sure you have the correct access rights\n"
+"and the repository exists."
+msgstr ""
+"�е може да �е чете от отдалеченото хранилище.\n"
+"\n"
+"Проверете дали то �ъще�твува и дали имате права\n"
+"за до�тъп."
+
+#: connected.c:66 builtin/fsck.c:201 builtin/prune.c:145
+msgid "Checking connectivity"
+msgstr "Проверка на връзката"
+
+#: connected.c:78
 msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
 msgstr "Командата „git rev-list“ не може да бъде изпълнена."
 
-#: connected.c:89
+#: connected.c:98
+msgid "failed write to rev-list"
+msgstr "неу�пешен запи� на �пи�ъка � вер�иите"
+
+#: connected.c:105
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin"
+msgstr "�тандартни�т вход на �пи�ъка � вер�иите не може да бъде затворен"
+
+#: convert.c:206
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
-msgstr "неу�пешен запи� на �пи�ъка � вер�иите: %s"
+msgid "CRLF would be replaced by LF in %s."
+msgstr "В��ка по�ледователно�т от знаци „CRLF“ ще бъдe заменена � „LF“ в „%s“."
 
-#: connected.c:97
+#: convert.c:208
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
-msgstr "�тандартни�т вход на �пи�ъка � вер�иите не може да бъде затворен: %s"
+msgid ""
+"CRLF will be replaced by LF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"В��ка по�ледователно�т от знаци „CRLF“ ще бъдe заменена � „LF“ в „%s“.\n"
+"Файлът ще о�тане � първоначалните знаци за край на ред в работната ви "
+"директори�."
 
-#: date.c:95
+#: convert.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "LF would be replaced by CRLF in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"В�еки знак „LF“ ще бъдe заменен � по�ледователно�тта от знаци „CRLF“ в „%s“."
+
+#: convert.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"LF will be replaced by CRLF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"В�еки знак „LF“ ще бъдe заменен � по�ледователно�тта от знаци „CRLF“ в "
+"„%s“.\n"
+"Файлът ще о�тане � първоначалните знаци за край на ред в работната ви "
+"директори�."
+
+#: convert.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "BOM is prohibited in '%s' if encoded as %s"
+msgstr ""
+"„%s“ не тр�бва да �ъдържа маркер за поредно�тта на байтовете (BOM) при "
+"кодиране „%s“"
+
+#: convert.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The file '%s' contains a byte order mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%s as working-"
+"tree-encoding."
+msgstr ""
+"Файлът „%s“ �ъдържа маркер за поредно�тта на байтовете (BOM).  Използвайте "
+"„UTF-%s“ като кодиране за работното дърво."
+
+#: convert.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "BOM is required in '%s' if encoded as %s"
+msgstr ""
+"„%s“ тр�бва да �ъдържа маркер за поредно�тта на байтовете (BOM) при кодиране "
+"„%s“"
+
+#: convert.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The file '%s' is missing a byte order mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%sBE or UTF-"
+"%sLE (depending on the byte order) as working-tree-encoding."
+msgstr ""
+"Във файла „%s“ лип�ва маркер за поредно�тта на байтовете (BOM).  За кодиране "
+"на работното дърво използвайте UTF-%sBE или UTF-%sLE (в зави�имо�т от "
+"поредно�тта на байтовете)."
+
+#: convert.c:424
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to encode '%s' from %s to %s"
+msgstr "неу�пешно прекодиране на „%s“ от „%s“ към „%s“"
+
+#: convert.c:467
+#, c-format
+msgid "encoding '%s' from %s to %s and back is not the same"
+msgstr "Прекодирането на „%s“ от „%s“ към „%s“ и обратно промен� файла"
+
+#: convert.c:1225
+msgid "true/false are no valid working-tree-encodings"
+msgstr "„true“/„false“ не може да �а кодирани� на работното дърво"
+
+#: date.c:116
 msgid "in the future"
 msgstr "в бъдещето"
 
-#: date.c:101
+#: date.c:122
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu second ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu seconds ago"
-msgstr[0] "преди %lu �екунда"
-msgstr[1] "преди %lu �екунди"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> second ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> seconds ago"
+msgstr[0] "преди %<PRIuMAX> �екунда"
+msgstr[1] "преди %<PRIuMAX> �екунди"
 
-#: date.c:108
+#: date.c:129
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu minute ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu minutes ago"
-msgstr[0] "преди %lu минута"
-msgstr[1] "преди %lu минути"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> minutes ago"
+msgstr[0] "преди %<PRIuMAX> минута"
+msgstr[1] "преди %<PRIuMAX> минути"
 
-#: date.c:115
+#: date.c:136
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu hour ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu hours ago"
-msgstr[0] "преди %lu ча�"
-msgstr[1] "преди %lu ча�а"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> hours ago"
+msgstr[0] "преди %<PRIuMAX> ча�"
+msgstr[1] "преди %<PRIuMAX> ча�а"
 
-#: date.c:122
+#: date.c:143
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu day ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu days ago"
-msgstr[0] "преди %lu ден"
-msgstr[1] "преди %lu дена"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> day ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> days ago"
+msgstr[0] "преди %<PRIuMAX> ден"
+msgstr[1] "преди %<PRIuMAX> дена"
 
-#: date.c:128
+#: date.c:149
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu week ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu weeks ago"
-msgstr[0] "преди %lu �едмица"
-msgstr[1] "преди %lu �едмици"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> week ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> weeks ago"
+msgstr[0] "преди %<PRIuMAX> �едмица"
+msgstr[1] "преди %<PRIuMAX> �едмици"
 
-#: date.c:135
+#: date.c:156
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu month ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu months ago"
-msgstr[0] "преди %lu ме�ец"
-msgstr[1] "преди %lu ме�еца"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "преди %<PRIuMAX> ме�ец"
+msgstr[1] "преди %<PRIuMAX> ме�еца"
 
-#: date.c:146
+#: date.c:167
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu year"
-msgid_plural "%lu years"
-msgstr[0] "%lu година"
-msgstr[1] "%lu години"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> година"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> години"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: "%s" is "<n> years"
-#: date.c:149
+#: date.c:170
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s, %lu month ago"
-msgid_plural "%s, %lu months ago"
-msgstr[0] "преди %s и %lu ме�ец"
-msgstr[1] "преди %s и %lu ме�еца"
+msgid "%s, %<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "преди %s и %<PRIuMAX> ме�ец"
+msgstr[1] "преди %s и %<PRIuMAX> ме�еца"
 
-#: date.c:154 date.c:159
+#: date.c:175 date.c:180
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu year ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
-msgstr[0] "преди %lu година"
-msgstr[1] "преди %lu години"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years ago"
+msgstr[0] "преди %<PRIuMAX> година"
+msgstr[1] "преди %<PRIuMAX> години"
 
 #: diffcore-order.c:24
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to read orderfile '%s'"
 msgstr "файлът � подредбата на �ъответ�тви�та „%s“ не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: diffcore-rename.c:516
+#: diffcore-rename.c:535
 msgid "Performing inexact rename detection"
 msgstr "Тър�ене на преименувани� на обекти �ъчетани � промени"
 
-#: diff.c:114
+#: diff.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' requires a value"
+msgstr "опци�та „%s“ изи�ква �тойно�т"
+
+#: diff.c:152
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 "  �еу�пешно разпознаване на „%s“ като процент-праг за �тати�тиката по "
 "директории\n"
 
-#: diff.c:119
+#: diff.c:157
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
 msgstr "  �епознат параметър „%s“ за �тати�тиката по директории'\n"
 
-#: diff.c:214
+#: diff.c:281
+msgid ""
+"color moved setting must be one of 'no', 'default', 'zebra', 'dimmed_zebra', "
+"'plain'"
+msgstr ""
+"на�тройката за цв�т за преме�тване тр�бва да е една от: „no“ (без), "
+"„default“ (�тандартно), „zebra“ (райе), „dimmed_zebra“ (тъмно райе), "
+"„plain“ (обикновено)"
+
+#: diff.c:341
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
 msgstr "�епозната �тойно�т „%s“ за на�тройката „diff.submodule“"
 
-#: diff.c:266
+#: diff.c:401
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
@@ -639,17 +1809,27 @@ msgstr ""
 "Грешки в на�тройката „diff.dirstat“:\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:2957
+#: diff.c:3823
 #, c-format
 msgid "external diff died, stopping at %s"
 msgstr ""
-"външната програма за разлики завърши неу�пешно. Спиране на работата при „%s“"
+"външната програма за разлики завърши неу�пешно.  Спиране на работата при „%s“"
 
-#: diff.c:3352
+#: diff.c:4153
+msgid "--name-only, --name-status, --check and -s are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr ""
+"Опциите „--name-only“, „--name-status“, „--check“ и „-s“ �а не�ъвме�тими "
+"една � друга"
+
+#: diff.c:4156
+msgid "-G, -S and --find-object are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "Опциите „-G“, „-S“ и „--find-object“ �а не�ъвме�тими една � друга"
+
+#: diff.c:4244
 msgid "--follow requires exactly one pathspec"
 msgstr "Опци�та „--follow“ изи�ква точно един път"
 
-#: diff.c:3515
+#: diff.c:4410
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
@@ -658,97 +1838,431 @@ msgstr ""
 "�еразпознат параметър към опци�та „--dirstat/-X“:\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:3529
+#: diff.c:4424
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
 msgstr "�еразпознат параметър към опци�та „--submodule“: „%s“"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:129 gpg-interface.c:200
-msgid "could not run gpg."
-msgstr "Програмата „gpg“ не може да бъде �тартирана."
+#: diff.c:5500
+msgid "inexact rename detection was skipped due to too many files."
+msgstr ""
+"тър�енето на преименувани� на обекти �ъчетани � промени �е пре�кача поради "
+"многото файлове."
+
+#: diff.c:5503
+msgid "only found copies from modified paths due to too many files."
+msgstr ""
+"у�тановени �а точните копи� на променените пътища поради многото файлове."
+
+#: diff.c:5506
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you may want to set your %s variable to at least %d and retry the command."
+msgstr "задайте променливата „%s“ да е поне %d и отново изпълнете командата."
+
+#: dir.c:1867
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open directory '%s'"
+msgstr "директори�та „%s“ не може да бъде отворена"
+
+#: dir.c:2109
+msgid "failed to get kernel name and information"
+msgstr "името и вер�и�та на �дрото не б�ха получени"
+
+#: dir.c:2233
+msgid "Untracked cache is disabled on this system or location."
+msgstr ""
+"Кеша за не�ледените файлове е изключен на тази �и�тема или ме�тоположение."
+
+#: dir.c:3075 dir.c:3080
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directories for %s"
+msgstr "директориите за „%s“ не може да бъдат �ъздадени"
+
+#: dir.c:3109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not migrate git directory from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "директори�та на git не може да �е мигрира от „%s“ до „%s“"
+
+#: editor.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: Waiting for your editor to close the file...%c"
+msgstr "Под�казка: чака �е редакторът ви да затвори файла …%c"
+
+#: entry.c:177
+msgid "Filtering content"
+msgstr "Филтриране на �ъдържанието"
+
+#: entry.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat file '%s'"
+msgstr "неу�пешно изпълнение на „stat“ върху файла „%s“"
+
+#: fetch-object.c:17
+msgid "Remote with no URL"
+msgstr "Лип�ва адре� за отдалеченото хранилище"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:254
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected shallow list"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: очаква �е плитък �пи�ък"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:266
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr ""
+"git fetch-pack: очакваше �е „ACK“/„NAK“, а бе получен изчи�тващ пакет „flush“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:285 builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr "отдалечена грешка: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: очакваше �е „ACK“/„NAK“, а бе получен „%s“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:338
+msgid "--stateless-rpc requires multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "опци�та „--stateless-rpc“ изи�ква  „multi_ack_detailed“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:429 fetch-pack.c:1310
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid shallow line: %s"
+msgstr "неправилен плитък ред: „%s“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:435 fetch-pack.c:1316
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid unshallow line: %s"
+msgstr "неправилен неплитък ред: „%s“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:437 fetch-pack.c:1318
+#, c-format
+msgid "object not found: %s"
+msgstr "обектът „%s“ лип�ва"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:440 fetch-pack.c:1321
+#, c-format
+msgid "error in object: %s"
+msgstr "грешка в обекта: „%s“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:442 fetch-pack.c:1323
+#, c-format
+msgid "no shallow found: %s"
+msgstr "не е открит плитък обект: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:445 fetch-pack.c:1326
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected shallow/unshallow, got %s"
+msgstr "очаква �е плитък или не обект, а бе получено: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:486
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s %d %s"
+msgstr "получено бе %s %d %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit %s"
+msgstr "неправилно подаване: „%s“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:533
+msgid "giving up"
+msgstr "преу�танов�ване"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:543 progress.c:229
+msgid "done"
+msgstr "дей�твието завърши"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:555
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s (%d) %s"
+msgstr "получено бе %s (%d) %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:601
+#, c-format
+msgid "Marking %s as complete"
+msgstr "Отбел�зване на „%s“ като пълно"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:828
+#, c-format
+msgid "already have %s (%s)"
+msgstr "вече има „%s“ (%s)"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:869
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "fetch-pack: не може да �е �ъздаде проце� за демултиплек�ора"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:877
+msgid "protocol error: bad pack header"
+msgstr "протоколна грешка: неправилна заглавна ча�т на пакет"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:944
+#, c-format
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off %s"
+msgstr "fetch-pack: не може да �е �ъздаде проце� за „%s“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:960
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s failed"
+msgstr "неу�пешно изпълнение на „%s“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:962
+msgid "error in sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "грешка в демултиплек�ора"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:989
+msgid "Server does not support shallow clients"
+msgstr "Сървърът не поддържа плитки клиенти"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:993
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "Сървърът поддържа „multi_ack_detailed“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:996
+msgid "Server supports no-done"
+msgstr "Сървърът поддържа „no-done“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1002
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack"
+msgstr "Сървърът поддържа „multi_ack“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1006
+msgid "Server supports side-band-64k"
+msgstr "Сървърът поддържа „side-band-64k“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1010
+msgid "Server supports side-band"
+msgstr "Сървърът поддържа „side-band“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1014
+msgid "Server supports allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "Сървърът поддържа „allow-tip-sha1-in-want“"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:141
-msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
-msgstr "Програмата „gpg“ не прие подадените данни."
+#: fetch-pack.c:1018
+msgid "Server supports allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "Сървърът поддържа „allow-reachable-sha1-in-want“"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:152
+#: fetch-pack.c:1028
+msgid "Server supports ofs-delta"
+msgstr "Сървърът поддържа „ofs-delta“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1034 fetch-pack.c:1204
+msgid "Server supports filter"
+msgstr "Сървърът поддържа филтри"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1042
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server version is %.*s"
+msgstr "Вер�и�та на �ървъра е: %.*s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1048
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-since"
+msgstr "Сървърът не поддържа опци�та „--shallow-since“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1052
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-exclude"
+msgstr "Сървърът не поддържа опци�та „--shallow-exclude“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1054
+msgid "Server does not support --deepen"
+msgstr "Сървърът не поддържа опци�та „--deepen“"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1065
+msgid "no common commits"
+msgstr "н�ма общи подавани�"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1077 fetch-pack.c:1414
+msgid "git fetch-pack: fetch failed."
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: неу�пешно до�тав�не."
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1199
+msgid "Server does not support shallow requests"
+msgstr "Сървърът не поддържа плитки за�вки"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1584
+msgid "no matching remote head"
+msgstr "не може да бъде открит подход�щ връх от отдалеченото хранилище"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1610
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such remote ref %s"
+msgstr "такъв отдалечен указател н�ма: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1613
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server does not allow request for unadvertised object %s"
+msgstr "Сървърът не позвол�ва за�вка за необ�вен „%s“"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:185
 msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
 msgstr "Програмата „gpg“ не подпи�а данните."
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:185
+#: gpg-interface.c:210
+msgid "could not create temporary file"
+msgstr "не може да �е �ъздаде временен файл"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:213
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create temporary file '%s': %s"
-msgstr "Програмата „gpg“ не у�п� да �ъздаде временни� файл „%s“: %s"
+msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s'"
+msgstr "Програмата не у�п� да запише �амо�то�телни� подпи� в „%s“"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:188
+#: graph.c:97
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s': %s"
-msgstr "Програмата „gpg“ не у�п� да запише �амо�то�телни� подпи� към „%s“: %s"
+msgid "ignore invalid color '%.*s' in log.graphColors"
+msgstr "пре�качане на неправилни� цв�т „%.*s“ в „log.graphColors“"
 
-#: grep.c:1718
+#: grep.c:2020
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
 msgstr "„%s“: файлът �очен от „%s“ не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: grep.c:1735
+#: grep.c:2037 setup.c:164 builtin/clone.c:409 builtin/diff.c:81
+#: builtin/rm.c:134
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': %s"
-msgstr "„%s“: „%s“"
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr "не може да бъде получена информаци� чрез „stat“ за „%s“"
 
-#: grep.c:1746
+#: grep.c:2048
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': short read %s"
-msgstr "„%s“: изчитането на „%s“ върна по-малко байтове от за�вените"
+msgid "'%s': short read"
+msgstr "„%s“: изчитането върна по-малко байтове от очакваното"
+
+#: help.c:23
+msgid "start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)"
+msgstr "�ъздаване на работно дърво (погледнете: „git help tutorial“)"
+
+#: help.c:24
+msgid "work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)"
+msgstr "работа по текущата пром�на (погледнете: „git help everyday“)"
+
+#: help.c:25
+msgid "examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)"
+msgstr "преглед на и�тори�та и �ъ�то�нието (погледнете: „git help revisions“)"
+
+#: help.c:26
+msgid "grow, mark and tweak your common history"
+msgstr "увеличаване, отбел�зване и пром�на на общата и�тори�"
+
+#: help.c:27
+msgid "collaborate (see also: git help workflows)"
+msgstr "�ъвме�тна работа (погледнете: „git help workflows“)"
+
+#: help.c:31
+msgid "Main Porcelain Commands"
+msgstr "О�новни команди от потребител�ко ниво"
 
-#: help.c:207
+#: help.c:32
+msgid "Ancillary Commands / Manipulators"
+msgstr "Помощни команди/Промен�щи"
+
+#: help.c:33
+msgid "Ancillary Commands / Interrogators"
+msgstr "Помощни команди/Запитващи"
+
+#: help.c:34
+msgid "Interacting with Others"
+msgstr "Съвме�тна работа � други хора"
+
+#: help.c:35
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Manipulators"
+msgstr "Команди от ни�ко ниво/Промен�щи"
+
+#: help.c:36
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Interrogators"
+msgstr "Команди от ни�ко ниво/Запитващи"
+
+#: help.c:37
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Synching Repositories"
+msgstr "Команди от ни�ко ниво/Синхронизаци� на хранилища"
+
+#: help.c:38
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Internal Helpers"
+msgstr "Команди от ни�ко ниво/Допълнителни ин�трументи"
+
+#: help.c:293
 #, c-format
 msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
 msgstr "налични команди на git от „%s“"
 
-#: help.c:214
+#: help.c:300
 msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
 msgstr "команди на git от други директории от „$PATH“"
 
-#: help.c:230
-msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
-msgstr "�ай-че�то употреб�ваните команди на git �а:"
+#: help.c:309
+msgid "These are common Git commands used in various situations:"
+msgstr "Това �а най-че�то използваните команди на Git:"
+
+#: help.c:358 git.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported command listing type '%s'"
+msgstr "неподдържан �пи�ък от команди „%s“"
+
+#: help.c:405
+msgid "The common Git guides are:"
+msgstr "Попул�рните въведени� в Git �а:"
 
-#: help.c:289
+#: help.c:467
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
 "able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
 msgstr ""
 "Изглежда, че „%s“ е команда на git, но т� не може да\n"
-"бъде изпълнена. Веро�тно пакетът „git-%s“ е повреден."
+"бъде изпълнена.  Веро�тно пакетът „git-%s“ е повреден."
 
-# FIXME bad message
-#: help.c:346
+#: help.c:526
 msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
 msgstr "Странно, изглежда, че на �и�темата ви н�ма нито една команда на git."
 
-#: help.c:368
+#: help.c:548
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
-"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
+msgid "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist."
 msgstr ""
 "ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: Пробвахте да изпълните команда на Git на име „%s“, а такава "
-"не\n"
-"�ъще�твува. Изпълнението автоматично продължава, като �е �чита, че имате "
-"предвид „%s“"
+"не �ъще�твува."
 
-#: help.c:373
+#: help.c:553
 #, c-format
-msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
-msgstr "�лед %0.1f �екунди…"
+msgid "Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Изпълнението автоматично продължава, като �е �чита, че имате предвид „%s“."
 
-#: help.c:380
+#: help.c:558
+#, c-format
+msgid "Continuing in %0.1f seconds, assuming that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Изпълнението автоматично ще продължи �лед %0.1f �ек., като �е �чита, че "
+"имате предвид „%s“."
+
+#: help.c:566
 #, c-format
 msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
-msgstr "git: „%s“ не е команда на git. Вижте изхода от „git --help“."
+msgstr "git: „%s“ не е команда на git.  Погледнете изхода от „git --help“."
 
-#: help.c:384 help.c:444
+#: help.c:570
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar command is"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar commands are"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"\n"
+"�ай-близката команда е"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"\n"
+"�ай-близките команди �а"
+
+#: help.c:585
+msgid "git version [<options>]"
+msgstr "git version [ОПЦИЯ…]"
+
+#: help.c:652
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s - %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s — %s"
+
+#: help.c:656
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Did you mean this?"
@@ -762,134 +2276,325 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "\n"
 "Команди � подобно име �а:"
 
-#: help.c:440
+#: ident.c:342
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"*** Please tell me who you are.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"\n"
+"to set your account's default identity.\n"
+"Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"��� Въведете �амолично�т.\n"
+"\n"
+"Изпълнете:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"ИМЕ@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"В�ШЕТО ИМЕ\"\n"
+"\n"
+"и въведете данни за �ебе �и.\n"
+"�ко пропу�нете опци�та „--global“, �амолично�тта е �амо за текущото "
+"хранилище.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: ident.c:366
+msgid "no email was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "лип�ва адре� за е-поща, а автоматичното отгатване е изключено"
+
+#: ident.c:371
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: %s - %s"
-msgstr "%s: %s — %s"
+msgid "unable to auto-detect email address (got '%s')"
+msgstr ""
+"адре�ът за е-поща не може да бъде отгатнат (най-доброто предположение бе "
+"„%s“)"
+
+#: ident.c:381
+msgid "no name was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "лип�ва име, а автоматичното отгатване е изключено"
+
+#: ident.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to auto-detect name (got '%s')"
+msgstr "името не може да бъде отгатнато (най-доброто предположение бе „%s“)"
+
+#: ident.c:395
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty ident name (for <%s>) not allowed"
+msgstr "не може да �е ползва празно име като идентификатор (за <%s>)"
+
+#: ident.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "name consists only of disallowed characters: %s"
+msgstr "името �ъдържа �амо непозволени знаци: „%s“"
+
+#: ident.c:416 builtin/commit.c:587
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid date format: %s"
+msgstr "неправилен формат на дата: %s"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:36
+msgid "multiple filter-specs cannot be combined"
+msgstr "не може да комбинирате множе�тво филтри"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:126
+msgid "cannot change partial clone promisor remote"
+msgstr "не може да промените хранилището-гарант на непълно хранилище"
 
-#: lockfile.c:275
-msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that is still open"
-msgstr "ГРЕШК� В GIT: преотвар�не на файл-ключалка"
+#: lockfile.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to create '%s.lock': %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another git process seems to be running in this repository, e.g.\n"
+"an editor opened by 'git commit'. Please make sure all processes\n"
+"are terminated then try again. If it still fails, a git process\n"
+"may have crashed in this repository earlier:\n"
+"remove the file manually to continue."
+msgstr ""
+"Файлът-ключалка „%s.lock“ не може да бъде �ъздаден: %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Изглежда, че и друг проце� на git е пу�нат в това хранилище, напр.\n"
+"редактор, �тартиран � „git commit“.  Уверете �е, че в�ички подобни\n"
+"проце�и �а �прени и опитайте отново.  �ко това не помогне, веро�тната\n"
+"причина е, че н�кой проце� на git в това хранилище е забил.  За да\n"
+"продължите работа, ще тр�бва ръчно да изтриете файла:"
 
-#: lockfile.c:277
-msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that has been committed"
-msgstr "ГРЕШК� В GIT: преотвар�не на файл-ключалка, който е подаден"
+#: lockfile.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to create '%s.lock': %s"
+msgstr "Файлът-ключалка „%s.lock“ не може да бъде �ъздаден: %s"
 
-#: merge.c:41
+#: merge.c:71
 msgid "failed to read the cache"
 msgstr "кешът не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: merge.c:94 builtin/checkout.c:356 builtin/checkout.c:562
-#: builtin/clone.c:659
+#: merge.c:136 builtin/am.c:1946 builtin/am.c:1980 builtin/checkout.c:378
+#: builtin/checkout.c:606 builtin/clone.c:761
 msgid "unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "неу�пешно запи�ване на нови� индек�"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:189
-#, c-format
+#: merge-recursive.c:298
 msgid "(bad commit)\n"
 msgstr "(лошо подаване)\n"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:209
+#: merge-recursive.c:320
 #, c-format
-msgid "addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'"
-msgstr "неу�пешно изпълнение на „addinfo_cache“ за път� „%s“"
+msgid "add_cacheinfo failed for path '%s'; merge aborting."
+msgstr ""
+"неу�пешно изпълнение на „add_cacheinfo“ за път� „%s“.  Сливането е "
+"преу�тановено."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:270
+#: merge-recursive.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "add_cacheinfo failed to refresh for path '%s'; merge aborting."
+msgstr ""
+"неу�пешно изпълнение на „add_cacheinfo“ за обнов�ването на път� „%s“.  "
+"Сливането е преу�тановено."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:410
 msgid "error building trees"
 msgstr "грешка при изграждане на дърветата"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:691
+#: merge-recursive.c:881
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create path '%s'%s"
 msgstr "грешка при �ъздаването на път� „%s“%s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:702
+#: merge-recursive.c:892
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"
 msgstr "Изтриване на „%s“, за да �е о�вободи м��то за поддиректори�\n"
 
-# FIXME better message
-#: merge-recursive.c:716 merge-recursive.c:737
+#: merge-recursive.c:906 merge-recursive.c:925
 msgid ": perhaps a D/F conflict?"
 msgstr ": възможно е да има конфликт директори�/файл."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:727
+#: merge-recursive.c:915
 #, c-format
 msgid "refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 "преу�танов�ване на дей�твието, за да не �е изтрие не�ледени�т файл „%s“"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:767
+#: merge-recursive.c:957 builtin/cat-file.c:37
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read object %s '%s'"
 msgstr "обектът „%s“ (%s) не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:769
+#: merge-recursive.c:959
 #, c-format
 msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
 msgstr "обектът „%s“ (%s) �е очакваше да е BLOB, а не е"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:792 builtin/clone.c:318
+#: merge-recursive.c:983
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to open '%s'"
-msgstr "директори�та „%s“ не може да бъде отворена"
+msgid "failed to open '%s': %s"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е отвори: %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:800
+#: merge-recursive.c:994
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to symlink '%s'"
-msgstr "неу�пешно �ъздаване на �имволната връзка „%s“"
+msgid "failed to symlink '%s': %s"
+msgstr "неу�пешно �ъздаване на �имволната връзка „%s“: %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:803
+#: merge-recursive.c:999
 #, c-format
 msgid "do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 "не е ��но какво да �е прави � обекта „%2$s“ (%3$s) � права за до�тъп „%1$06o“"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:941
+#: merge-recursive.c:1186
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (not checked out)"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно �ливане на подмодула „%s“ (не е изтеглен)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1193
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (commits not present)"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно �ливане на подмодула „%s“ (н�ма подавани�)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (commits don't follow merge-base)"
+msgstr ""
+"Подмодулът „%s“ не може да бъде �л�т (базата за �ливане не предше�тва "
+"подавани�та)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1208 merge-recursive.c:1220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding submodule %s to the following commit:"
+msgstr "Превъртане на подмодула „%s“ до �ледното подаване:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1211 merge-recursive.c:1223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding submodule %s"
+msgstr "Превъртане на подмодула „%s“"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1245
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (merge following commits not found)"
+msgstr ""
+"�еу�пешно �ливане на подмодула „%s“ (лип�ва �ливането, което �е предше�тва "
+"от подавани�та)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1249
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (not fast-forward)"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно �ливане на подмодула „%s“ (не е превъртане)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1250
+msgid "Found a possible merge resolution for the submodule:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Открито е �ливане, което може да решава проблема �ъ� �ливането на "
+"подмодула:\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1253
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If this is correct simply add it to the index for example\n"
+"by using:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n"
+"\n"
+"which will accept this suggestion.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�ко това е така, добавете го към индек�а � команда като �ледната:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n"
+"\n"
+"Това приема предложеното.\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1262
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (multiple merges found)"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно �ливане на подмодула „%s“ (открити �а множе�тво �ливани�)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1321
 msgid "Failed to execute internal merge"
 msgstr "�еу�пешно вътрешно �ливане"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:945
+#: merge-recursive.c:1326
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add %s to database"
 msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е добави в базата � данни"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:961
-msgid "unsupported object type in the tree"
-msgstr "в дървото има неподдържан вид обект"
+#: merge-recursive.c:1358
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto-merging %s"
+msgstr "�втоматично �ливане на „%s“"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1423
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error: Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; writing to %s instead."
+msgstr "Грешка: за да не �е изтрие не�ледени�т файл „%s“, �е запи�ва в „%s“."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1036 merge-recursive.c:1050
+#: merge-recursive.c:1475
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
 "in tree."
 msgstr ""
-"КО�ФЛИКТ (%s/изтриване): „%s“ е изтрит в %s, а „%s“ в %s. Вер�и� %s на „%s“ "
+"КО�ФЛИКТ (%s/изтриване): „%s“ е изтрит в %s, а „%s“ в %s.  Вер�и� %s на „%s“ "
 "е о�тавена в дървото."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1042 merge-recursive.c:1055
+#: merge-recursive.c:1480
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree."
+msgstr ""
+"КО�ФЛИКТ (%s/изтриване): „%s“ е изтрит в %s, а „%s“ е преименуван на „%s“ в "
+"%s.  Вер�и� %s на „%s“ е о�тавена в дървото."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1487
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
 "in tree at %s."
 msgstr ""
-"КО�ФЛИКТ (%s/изтриване): „%s“ е изтрит в %s, а „%s“ в %s. Вер�и� %s на „%s“ "
+"КО�ФЛИКТ (%s/изтриване): „%s“ е изтрит в %s, а „%s“ в %s.  Вер�и� %s на „%s“ "
 "е о�тавена в дървото: %s."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1096
+#: merge-recursive.c:1492
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+"КО�ФЛИКТ (%s/изтриване): „%s“ е изтрит в %s, а „%s“ е преименуван на „%s“ в "
+"%s.  Вер�и� %s на „%s“ е о�тавена в дървото: %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1526
 msgid "rename"
 msgstr "преименуване"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1096
+#: merge-recursive.c:1526
 msgid "renamed"
 msgstr "преименуван"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1152
+#: merge-recursive.c:1580 merge-recursive.c:1736 merge-recursive.c:2368
+#: merge-recursive.c:3086
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"
+msgstr "Преу�танов�ване на дей�твието, за да не �е изгуби променени�т „%s“"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"
 msgstr "„%s“ е директори� в „%s“, затова �е добав� като „%s“"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1174
+#: merge-recursive.c:1599
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; adding as %s instead"
+msgstr ""
+"Преу�танов�ване на дей�твието, за да не �е изгуби не�ледени�т файл „%s“.  "
+"Вме�то него �е добав� „%s“"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1625
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" rename \"%s"
@@ -898,212 +2603,333 @@ msgstr ""
 "КО�ФЛИКТ (преименуване/преименуване): „%s“ е преименуван на „%s“ в клон "
 "„%s“, а „%s“ е преименуван на „%s“ в „%s“/%s."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1179
+#: merge-recursive.c:1630
 msgid " (left unresolved)"
 msgstr " (некоригиран конфликт)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1233
+#: merge-recursive.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename %s->%s in %s. Rename %s->%s in %s"
 msgstr ""
 "КО�ФЛИКТ (преименуване/преименуване): „%s“ е преименуван на „%s“ в клон "
 "„%s“, а „%s“ е преименуван на „%s“ в „%s“"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1263
+#: merge-recursive.c:1733
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
 msgstr "Преименуване на „%s“ на „%s“, а „%s“ на „%s“"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1462
+#: merge-recursive.c:1745
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose untracked file at %s, even though it's in the way."
+msgstr ""
+"Отказ да �е загуби не�ледени�т файл „%s“, защото е на м��то, където пречи."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1951
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (directory rename split): Unclear where to place %s because "
+"directory %s was renamed to multiple other directories, with no destination "
+"getting a majority of the files."
+msgstr ""
+"КО�ФЛИКТ (раздво�ване при преименуване на директори�): �е е ��но къде да �е "
+"по�тави „%s“, защото н�колко нови директории подел�т �ъдържанието на "
+"директори� „%s“, като нико� не �ъдържа мнозин�тво от файловете �."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1983
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Existing file/dir at %s in the way of "
+"implicit directory rename(s) putting the following path(s) there: %s."
+msgstr ""
+"КО�ФЛИКТ (ко�вено преименуване на директори�): �ледни�т файл или директори� "
+"„%s“ не позвол�ват ко�веното преименуване на �ледни� път/ища: %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1993
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Cannot map more than one path to %s; "
+"implicit directory renames tried to put these paths there: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"КО�ФЛИКТ (ко�вено преименуване на директори�): повече от един път "
+"�ъответ�тва на „%s“.  Ко�вено преименуване на директори� води до по�тав�нето "
+"на тези пътища там: %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2085
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename directory %s->%s in %s. Rename directory %s-"
+">%s in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"КО�ФЛИКТ (преименуване/преименуване): „%s“ е преименуван на „%s“ в клон "
+"„%s“, а „%s“ е преименуван на „%s“ в „%s“"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2330
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"WARNING: Avoiding applying %s -> %s rename to %s, because %s itself was "
+"renamed."
+msgstr ""
+"ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: пре�качане на преименуването на „%s“ на „%s“ в „%s“, защото "
+"„%s“ �ъщо е � променено име."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2736
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. %s added in %s"
 msgstr ""
 "КО�ФЛИКТ (преименуване/добав�не): „%s“ е преименуван на „%s“ в клон „%s“, а "
 "„%s“ е добавен в „%s“"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1472
+#: merge-recursive.c:2751
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding merged %s"
 msgstr "Добав�не на �лети� „%s“"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1477 merge-recursive.c:1675
+#: merge-recursive.c:2758 merge-recursive.c:3089
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding as %s instead"
 msgstr "Добав�не като „%s“"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1528
+#: merge-recursive.c:2914
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read object %s"
 msgstr "обектът „%s“ не може да �е прочете"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1531
+#: merge-recursive.c:2917
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s is not a blob"
 msgstr "обектът „%s“ не е BLOB"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1579
+#: merge-recursive.c:2986
 msgid "modify"
 msgstr "пром�на"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1579
+#: merge-recursive.c:2986
 msgid "modified"
 msgstr "променен"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1589
+#: merge-recursive.c:2997
 msgid "content"
 msgstr "�ъдържание"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1596
+#: merge-recursive.c:3004
 msgid "add/add"
 msgstr "добав�не/добав�не"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1630
+#: merge-recursive.c:3046
 #, c-format
 msgid "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"
 msgstr "Пре�качане на „%s“ (�лети�т резултат е идентичен �ъ� �егашни�)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1644
-#, c-format
-msgid "Auto-merging %s"
-msgstr "�втоматично �ливане на „%s“"
-
-#: merge-recursive.c:1648 git-submodule.sh:1150
+#: merge-recursive.c:3055 git-submodule.sh:895
 msgid "submodule"
 msgstr "ПОДМОДУЛ"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1649
+#: merge-recursive.c:3056
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"
 msgstr "КО�ФЛИКТ (%s): Конфликт при �ливане на „%s“"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1735
+#: merge-recursive.c:3178
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing %s"
 msgstr "Изтриване на „%s“"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1760
+#: merge-recursive.c:3204
 msgid "file/directory"
 msgstr "файл/директори�"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1766
+#: merge-recursive.c:3210
 msgid "directory/file"
 msgstr "директори�/файл"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1771
+#: merge-recursive.c:3217
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. Adding %s as %s"
 msgstr ""
-"КО�ФЛИКТ (%s): Съще�твува директори� на име „%s“ в „%s“. Добав�не на „%s“ "
+"КО�ФЛИКТ (%s): Съще�твува директори� на име „%s“ в „%s“.  Добав�не на „%s“ "
 "като „%s“"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1781
+#: merge-recursive.c:3226
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding %s"
 msgstr "Добав�не на „%s“"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1798
-msgid "Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."
-msgstr "Фатална грешка при �ливане, а такава не тр�бва да възниква!"
+#: merge-recursive.c:3267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot merge (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr ""
+"Индек�ът не е чи�т: кръпките не могат да бъдат приложени (замър�ени �а: %s)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1817
-msgid "Already up-to-date!"
+#: merge-recursive.c:3271
+msgid "Already up to date!"
 msgstr "Вече е обновено!"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1826
+#: merge-recursive.c:3280
 #, c-format
 msgid "merging of trees %s and %s failed"
 msgstr "неу�пешно �ливане на дърветата „%s“ и „%s“"
 
-# FIXME message
-#: merge-recursive.c:1856
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unprocessed path??? %s"
-msgstr ""
-"Път�т „%s“ не е обработен, това е грешка в Git, докладвайте � на "
-"разработчиците, като пратите е-пи�мо на адре�: „git@vger.kernel.org“."
-
-#: merge-recursive.c:1901
+#: merge-recursive.c:3379
 msgid "Merging:"
 msgstr "Сливане:"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1914
+#: merge-recursive.c:3392
 #, c-format
 msgid "found %u common ancestor:"
 msgid_plural "found %u common ancestors:"
 msgstr[0] "открит е %u общ предше�твеник:"
 msgstr[1] "открити �а %u общи предше�твеници:"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1951
+#: merge-recursive.c:3431
 msgid "merge returned no commit"
 msgstr "�ливането не върна подаване"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2008
+#: merge-recursive.c:3495
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
 msgstr "�еу�пешен анализ на обекта „%s“"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2019 builtin/merge.c:666
+#: merge-recursive.c:3511 builtin/merge.c:659 builtin/merge.c:816
 msgid "Unable to write index."
 msgstr "Индек�ът не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: notes-utils.c:41
+#: notes-merge.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your previous notes merge (%s exists).\n"
+"Please, use 'git notes merge --commit' or 'git notes merge --abort' to "
+"commit/abort the previous merge before you start a new notes merge."
+msgstr ""
+"�е �те завършили предишното �ливане на бележки.  (Указател�т „%s“ "
+"�ъще�твува).\n"
+"За да завършите предишното �ливане, изпълнете:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git notes merge --commit\n"
+"\n"
+"За да отмените предишното �ливане, изпълнете:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git notes merge --abort"
+
+#: notes-merge.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "You have not concluded your notes merge (%s exists)."
+msgstr ""
+"�е �те завършили �ливането на бележките.  (Указател�т „%s“ �ъще�твува)."
+
+#: notes-utils.c:43
 msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
 msgstr ""
 "�еинициализирано или нереферирано дърво за бележки не може да бъде подадено"
 
-#: notes-utils.c:83
+#: notes-utils.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
 msgstr "�еправилна �тойно�т за „notes.rewriteMode“: „%s“"
 
-#: notes-utils.c:93
+#: notes-utils.c:112
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
 msgstr ""
 "Бележките в „%s“ н�ма да бъдат презапи�ани, защото �а извън „refs/notes/“."
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
-#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
-#: notes-utils.c:120
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of
+#. the environment variable, the second %s is
+#. its value.
+#.
+#: notes-utils.c:142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
 msgstr "Зададена е лоша �тойно�т на променливата „%s“: „%s“"
 
-#: object.c:241
+#: object.c:242
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse object: %s"
 msgstr "обектът „%s“ не може да бъде анализиран"
 
-#: parse-options.c:546
+#: packfile.c:563
+msgid "offset before end of packfile (broken .idx?)"
+msgstr ""
+"отме�тване преди кра� на пакетни� файл (възможно е индек�ът да е повреден)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1742
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset before start of pack index for %s (corrupt index?)"
+msgstr ""
+"отме�тване преди началото на индек�а на пакетни� файл „%s“ (възможно е "
+"индек�ът да е повреден)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1746
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset beyond end of pack index for %s (truncated index?)"
+msgstr ""
+"отме�тване преди кра� на индек�а на пакетни� файл „%s“ (възможно е индек�ът "
+"да е отр�зан)"
+
+#: parse-options.c:621
 msgid "..."
 msgstr "…"
 
-#: parse-options.c:564
+#: parse-options.c:640
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s"
 msgstr "употреба: %s"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
-#. one in "usage: %s" translation
-#: parse-options.c:568
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation.
+#.
+#: parse-options.c:646
 #, c-format
 msgid "   or: %s"
 msgstr "     или: %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:571
+#: parse-options.c:649
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %s"
 msgstr "    %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:605
+#: parse-options.c:688
 msgid "-NUM"
 msgstr "-ЧИСЛО"
 
-#: pathspec.c:133
+#: parse-options-cb.c:44
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed expiration date '%s'"
+msgstr "неправилна дата на �рок: „%s“"
+
+#: parse-options-cb.c:112
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr "неправилно име на обект „%s“"
+
+#: path.c:892
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr "�е могат да �е дадат права за запи� в директори�та „%s“ на групата"
+
+#: pathspec.c:129
+msgid "Escape character '\\' not allowed as last character in attr value"
+msgstr ""
+"Екраниращи�т знак „\\“не може да е по�леден знак в �тойно�тта на атрибут"
+
+#: pathspec.c:147
+msgid "Only one 'attr:' specification is allowed."
+msgstr "Позволено е �амо едно указване на „attr:“."
+
+#: pathspec.c:150
+msgid "attr spec must not be empty"
+msgstr "„attr:“ тр�бва да указва �тойно�т"
+
+#: pathspec.c:193
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid attribute name %s"
+msgstr "неправилно име на атрибут: „%s“"
+
+#: pathspec.c:258
 msgid "global 'glob' and 'noglob' pathspec settings are incompatible"
 msgstr "глобалните на�тройки за пътища „glob“ и „noglob“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
 
-#: pathspec.c:143
+#: pathspec.c:265
 msgid ""
 "global 'literal' pathspec setting is incompatible with all other global "
 "pathspec settings"
@@ -1111,67 +2937,55 @@ msgstr ""
 "глобалната на�тройка за до�ловни пътища „literal“ е не�ъвме�тима � в�ички "
 "други глобални на�тройки за пътища"
 
-#: pathspec.c:177
+#: pathspec.c:305
 msgid "invalid parameter for pathspec magic 'prefix'"
 msgstr "неправилен параметър за опци�та за магиче�ки пътища „prefix“"
 
-#: pathspec.c:183
+#: pathspec.c:326
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid pathspec magic '%.*s' in '%s'"
 msgstr "�еправилна �тойно�т за опци�та за магиче�ки пътища „%.*s“ в „%s“"
 
-#: pathspec.c:187
+#: pathspec.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing ')' at the end of pathspec magic in '%s'"
 msgstr "Знакът „)“ лип�ва в опци�та за магиче�ки пътища в „%s“"
 
-#: pathspec.c:205
+#: pathspec.c:369
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unimplemented pathspec magic '%c' in '%s'"
 msgstr "Магиче�ките пътища „%c“ �а без реализаци� за „%s“"
 
-#: pathspec.c:230
+#: pathspec.c:428
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: 'literal' and 'glob' are incompatible"
 msgstr "%s: опциите „literal“ и „glob“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
 
-#: pathspec.c:241
+#: pathspec.c:441
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: '%s' is outside repository"
 msgstr "%s: „%s“ е извън хранилището"
 
-#: pathspec.c:291
+#: pathspec.c:515
 #, c-format
-msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
-msgstr "Път�т „%s“ е в подмодула „%.*s“"
+msgid "'%s' (mnemonic: '%c')"
+msgstr "„%s“ (клавиш: „%c“)"
 
-#: pathspec.c:353
+#: pathspec.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: pathspec magic not supported by this command: %s"
 msgstr "%s: магиче�ките пътища не �е поддържат от командата „%s“"
 
-#: pathspec.c:432
+#: pathspec.c:592
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
 msgstr "път�т „%s“ е �лед �имволна връзка"
 
-#: pathspec.c:441
-msgid ""
-"There is nothing to exclude from by :(exclude) patterns.\n"
-"Perhaps you forgot to add either ':/' or '.' ?"
-msgstr ""
-"�ищо не �е изключва от шаблоните за изключване.\n"
-"Това че�то �е �лучва, ако �те забравили да добавите „:/“ или „.“."
-
-#: pretty.c:968
+#: pretty.c:962
 msgid "unable to parse --pretty format"
 msgstr "аргументът към опци�та „--pretty“ не може да �е анализира"
 
-#: progress.c:225
-msgid "done"
-msgstr "дей�твието завърши"
-
-#: read-cache.c:1261
+#: read-cache.c:1500
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "index.version set, but the value is invalid.\n"
@@ -1180,7 +2994,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Зададена е неправилна �тойно�т на на�тройката „index.version“.\n"
 "Ще �е ползва вер�и� %i"
 
-#: read-cache.c:1271
+#: read-cache.c:1510
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "GIT_INDEX_VERSION set, but the value is invalid.\n"
@@ -1190,65 +3004,397 @@ msgstr ""
 "„GIT_INDEX_VERSION“.\n"
 "Ще �е ползва вер�и� %i"
 
-#: remote.c:782
+#: read-cache.c:2404 sequencer.c:4338 wrapper.c:658 builtin/merge.c:1048
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not close '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е затвори"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2477 sequencer.c:2102 sequencer.c:3234
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "неу�пешно изпълнение на „stat“ върху „%s“"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2490
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open git dir: %s"
+msgstr "не може да �е отвори директори�та на git: %s"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2502
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to unlink: %s"
+msgstr "неу�пешно изтриване на „%s“"
+
+#: refs.c:732 sequencer.c:4334 sequencer.c:4393 wrapper.c:225 wrapper.c:395
+#: builtin/am.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да бъде отворен за запи�"
+
+#: refs.c:1880
+msgid "ref updates forbidden inside quarantine environment"
+msgstr "обнов�вани�та на указатели �а забранени в �реди под карантина"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1191
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove reference %s"
+msgstr "Указател�т „%s“ не може да бъде изтрит"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1205 refs/packed-backend.c:1531
+#: refs/packed-backend.c:1541
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete reference %s: %s"
+msgstr "Указател�т „%s“ не може да бъде изтрит: %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1208 refs/packed-backend.c:1544
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete references: %s"
+msgstr "Указателите не може да бъдат изтрити: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:35 wt-status.c:1850
+msgid "gone"
+msgstr "изтрит"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d"
+msgstr "напред � %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:37
+#, c-format
+msgid "behind %d"
+msgstr "назад � %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:38
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d, behind %d"
+msgstr "напред � %d, назад � %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(color:<color>)"
+msgstr "очакван формат: %%(color:ЦВЯТ)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized color: %%(color:%s)"
+msgstr "непознат цв�т: %%(color:%s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:lstrip=%s"
+msgstr "очаква �е ц�ло чи�ло за „refname:lstrip=%s“"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:rstrip=%s"
+msgstr "очаква �е ц�ло чи�ло за „refname:rstrip=%s“"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(%s) argument: %s"
+msgstr "непознат аргумент за „%%(%s)“: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(body) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(body) не приема аргументи"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(subject) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(subject) не приема аргументи"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown %%(trailers) argument: %s"
+msgstr "непознат аргумент „%%(trailers)“: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:264
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected contents:lines=%s"
+msgstr "очаква �е положителна �тойно�т за „contents:lines=%s“"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:266
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(contents) argument: %s"
+msgstr "непознат аргумент за %%(contents): %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:281
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected objectname:short=%s"
+msgstr "очаква �е положителна �тойно�т за „objectname:short=%s“"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:285
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(objectname) argument: %s"
+msgstr "непознат аргумент за %%(objectname): %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(align:<width>,<position>)"
+msgstr "очакван формат: %%(align:ШИРОЧИ��,ПОЗИЦИЯ)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:327
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized position:%s"
+msgstr "непозната позици�: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:334
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized width:%s"
+msgstr "непозната широчина: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(align) argument: %s"
+msgstr "непознат аргумент за %%(align): %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:351
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive width expected with the %%(align) atom"
+msgstr "очаква �е положителна широчина � лек�емата „%%(align)“"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:369
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(if) argument: %s"
+msgstr "непознат аргумент за „%%(if)“: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:464
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "неправилно име на обект: „%.*s“"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:491
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "непознато име на обект: „%.*s“"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:608
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(if) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "формат: лек�емата %%(if) е използвана без �ъответната � %%(then)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "формат: лек�емата %%(then) е използвана без �ъответната � %%(if)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:673
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "формат: лек�емата %%(then) е използвана повече от един път"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:675
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used after %%(else)"
+msgstr "формат: лек�емата %%(then) е използвана �лед %%(else)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:703
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "формат: лек�емата %%(else) е използвана без �ъответната � %%(if)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:705
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "формат: лек�емата %%(else) е използвана без �ъответната � %%(then)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:707
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "формат: лек�емата %%(else) е използвана повече от един път"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:722
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom used without corresponding atom"
+msgstr "формат: лек�емата %%(end) е използвана без �ъответната �"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed format string %s"
+msgstr "неправилен форматиращ низ „%s“"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1387
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
+msgstr "(извън клон, пребазиране на „%s“)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1390
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing detached HEAD %s)"
+msgstr "(извън клон, пребазиране на не�вързан указател „HEAD“ при „%s“)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1393
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
+msgstr "(извън клон, двоично тър�ене от „%s“)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached at " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1401
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached at %s)"
+msgstr "(Указател�т „HEAD“ не е �вързан и е при „%s“)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached from " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1408
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached from %s)"
+msgstr "Указател�т „HEAD“ не е �вързан и е отделѐн от „%s“"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1412
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr "(извън клон)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1442
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing object %s for %s"
+msgstr "обектът „%s“ лип�ва за „%s“"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1445
+#, c-format
+msgid "parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s"
+msgstr "неу�пешно анализиране чрез „parse_object_buffer“ на „%s“ за „%s“"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1902
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr "обект �ъ� �грешен формат при „%s“"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1984
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring ref with broken name %s"
+msgstr "игнориране на указател� � грешно име „%s“"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1989
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring broken ref %s"
+msgstr "игнориране на повредени� указател „%s“"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2261
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom missing"
+msgstr "грешка във форма̀та: лип�ва лек�емата %%(end)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2365
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr "неправилно име на обект „%s“"
+
+#: remote.c:605
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot fetch both %s and %s to %s"
 msgstr "�евъзможно е да �е до�тав�т едновременно и „%s“, и „%s“ към „%s“"
 
-#: remote.c:786
+#: remote.c:609
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s usually tracks %s, not %s"
 msgstr "„%s“ обикновено �леди „%s“, а не „%s“"
 
-#: remote.c:790
+#: remote.c:613
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s tracks both %s and %s"
 msgstr "„%s“ �леди както „%s“, така и „%s“"
 
-#: remote.c:798
+#: remote.c:621
 msgid "Internal error"
 msgstr "Вътрешна грешка"
 
-#: remote.c:1968
+#: remote.c:1534 remote.c:1635
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr "Указател�т „HEAD“ не �очи към клон"
+
+#: remote.c:1543
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr "н�ма клон на име „%s“"
+
+#: remote.c:1546
+#, c-format
+msgid "no upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr "не е зададен клон-източник за клона „%s“"
+
+#: remote.c:1552
+#, c-format
+msgid "upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "клонът-източник „%s“ не е �ъхранен като �лед�щ клон"
+
+#: remote.c:1567
+#, c-format
+msgid "push destination '%s' on remote '%s' has no local tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+"лип�ва локален �лед�щ клон за ме�тоположението за изтла�кване „%s“ в "
+"хранилището „%s“"
+
+#: remote.c:1579
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' has no remote for pushing"
+msgstr "н�ма информаци� клонът „%s“ да �леди н�кой друг"
+
+#: remote.c:1589
+#, c-format
+msgid "push refspecs for '%s' do not include '%s'"
+msgstr "указател�т за изтла�кване на „%s“ не включва „%s“"
+
+#: remote.c:1602
+msgid "push has no destination (push.default is 'nothing')"
+msgstr "указател�т за изтла�кване не включва цел („push.default“ е „nothing“)"
+
+#: remote.c:1624
+msgid "cannot resolve 'simple' push to a single destination"
+msgstr "про�тото (simple) изтла�кване не �ъответ�тва на една цел"
+
+#: remote.c:1939
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is based on '%s', but the upstream is gone.\n"
 msgstr "Този клон �леди „%s“, но �ледени�т клон е изтрит.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1972
+#: remote.c:1943
 msgid "  (use \"git branch --unset-upstream\" to fixup)\n"
 msgstr "  (за да коригирате това, използвайте „git branch --unset-upstream“)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1975
+#: remote.c:1946
 #, c-format
-msgid "Your branch is up-to-date with '%s'.\n"
+msgid "Your branch is up to date with '%s'.\n"
 msgstr "Клонът е актуализиран към „%s“.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1979
+#: remote.c:1950
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch and '%s' refer to different commits.\n"
+msgstr "Клонът ви и „%s“ �очат към различни подавани�.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1953
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"%s\" for details)\n"
+msgstr "  (за повече информаци� ползвайте „%s“)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1957
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
 msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
 msgstr[0] "Клонът ви е � %2$d подаване пред „%1$s“.\n"
 msgstr[1] "Клонът ви е � %2$d подавани� пред „%1$s“.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1985
+#: remote.c:1963
 msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
 msgstr "  (публикувайте локалните �и промени чрез „git push“)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1988
+#: remote.c:1966
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgid_plural ""
 "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
-msgstr[0] ""
-"Клонът ви е � %2$d подаване �лед „%1$s“ и може да бъде тривиално �л�т.\n"
-msgstr[1] ""
-"Клонът ви е � %2$d подавани� �лед „%1$s“ и може да бъде тривиално �л�т.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Клонът ви е � %2$d подаване зад „%1$s“ и може да бъде превърт�н.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Клонът ви е � %2$d подавани� зад „%1$s“ и може да бъде превърт�н.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1996
+#: remote.c:1974
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
 msgstr "  (обновете локални� �и клон чрез „git pull“)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1999
+#: remote.c:1977
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
@@ -1263,41 +3409,106 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "Текущи�т клон �е е отделил от „%s“,\n"
 "двата имат �ъответно по %d и %d не�ъвпадащи подавани�.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2009
+#: remote.c:1987
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
 msgstr "  (�лейте отдалечени� клон в локални� чрез „git pull“)\n"
 
-#: run-command.c:87
+#: revision.c:2289
+msgid "your current branch appears to be broken"
+msgstr "Текущи�т клон е повреден"
+
+#: revision.c:2292
+#, c-format
+msgid "your current branch '%s' does not have any commits yet"
+msgstr "Текущи�т клон „%s“ е без подавани� "
+
+#: revision.c:2489
+msgid "--first-parent is incompatible with --bisect"
+msgstr "опциите „--first-parent“ и „--bisect“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
+
+#: run-command.c:728
 msgid "open /dev/null failed"
 msgstr "неу�пешно отвар�не на „/dev/null“"
 
-#: run-command.c:89
+#: run-command.c:1271
 #, c-format
-msgid "dup2(%d,%d) failed"
-msgstr "неу�пешно изпълнение на dup2(%d,%d)"
+msgid ""
+"The '%s' hook was ignored because it's not set as executable.\n"
+"You can disable this warning with `git config advice.ignoredHook false`."
+msgstr ""
+"Куката „%s“ �е пре�кача, защото лип�ват права за изпълнение.\n"
+"За да изключите това предупреждение, изпълнете:\n"
+"    git config advice.ignoredHook false"
+
+#: send-pack.c:141
+msgid "unexpected flush packet while reading remote unpack status"
+msgstr ""
+"неочакван изчи�тващ пакет „flush“ при изчитане на �ъ�то�нието от "
+"отдалеченото разпакетиране"
 
-#: send-pack.c:265
+#: send-pack.c:143
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse remote unpack status: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"�ъ�то�нието от отдалеченото разпакетиране не може да бъде анализирано: %s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote unpack failed: %s"
+msgstr "неу�пешно отдалечено разпакетиране: %s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:308
 msgid "failed to sign the push certificate"
 msgstr "�ертификатът за изтла�кване не може да бъде подпи�ан"
 
-#: send-pack.c:322
+#: send-pack.c:421
 msgid "the receiving end does not support --signed push"
 msgstr "от�рещната �трана не поддържа изтла�кване � опци�та „--signed“"
 
-#: sequencer.c:172 builtin/merge.c:781 builtin/merge.c:892
-#: builtin/merge.c:1002 builtin/merge.c:1012
+#: send-pack.c:423
+msgid ""
+"not sending a push certificate since the receiving end does not support --"
+"signed push"
+msgstr ""
+"от�рещната �трана не поддържа изтла�кване � опци�та „--signed“, затова не �е "
+"използва �ертификат"
+
+#: send-pack.c:435
+msgid "the receiving end does not support --atomic push"
+msgstr "получаващата �трана не поддържа изтла�кване � опци�та „--atomic“"
+
+#: send-pack.c:440
+msgid "the receiving end does not support push options"
+msgstr "от�рещната �трана не поддържа опции при изтла�кване"
+
+#: sequencer.c:175
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
-msgstr "„%s“ не може да бъде отворен за запи�"
+msgid "invalid commit message cleanup mode '%s'"
+msgstr "не�ъще�твуващ режим на изчи�тване „%s“ на �ъобщение при подаване"
 
-#: sequencer.c:174 builtin/merge.c:343 builtin/merge.c:784
-#: builtin/merge.c:1004 builtin/merge.c:1017
+#: sequencer.c:275
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
-msgstr "„%s“ не може да бъде запи�ан"
+msgid "could not delete '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да бъде изтрит"
+
+#: sequencer.c:301
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr "отм�на"
+
+#: sequencer.c:303
+msgid "cherry-pick"
+msgstr "отбиране"
+
+#: sequencer.c:305
+msgid "rebase -i"
+msgstr "rebase -i"
+
+#: sequencer.c:307
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown action: %d"
+msgstr "�еизве�тно дей�твие: %d"
 
-# FIXME git add <path…> for consistence
-#: sequencer.c:195
+#: sequencer.c:364
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
@@ -1305,7 +3516,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "�лед коригирането на конфликтите, отбележете �ъответните\n"
 "пътища � „git add ПЪТ…“ или „git rm ПЪТ…“."
 
-#: sequencer.c:198
+#: sequencer.c:367
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
@@ -1315,233 +3526,949 @@ msgstr ""
 "пътища � „git add ПЪТ…“ или „git rm ПЪТ…“, �лед което\n"
 "подайте резултата � командата „git commit'“."
 
-# FIXME - must be the same as Could not write to '%s' above
-#: sequencer.c:211 sequencer.c:852 sequencer.c:935
+#: sequencer.c:380 sequencer.c:2468
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to %s"
-msgstr "„%s“ не може да бъде запи�ан"
+msgid "could not lock '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е заключи"
+
+#: sequencer.c:382 sequencer.c:2346 sequencer.c:2472 sequencer.c:2486
+#: sequencer.c:2694 sequencer.c:4336 sequencer.c:4399 wrapper.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr "в „%s“ не може да �е пише"
+
+#: sequencer.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write eol to '%s'"
+msgstr "кра�т на ред не може да �е запише в „%s“"
+
+#: sequencer.c:392 sequencer.c:2351 sequencer.c:2474 sequencer.c:2488
+#: sequencer.c:2702
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finalize '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е завърши"
 
-# FIXME wrap up as ffinishing the work on, in fact, full stop at end for consistency with below
-#: sequencer.c:214
+#: sequencer.c:415 sequencer.c:804 sequencer.c:1493 sequencer.c:2371
+#: sequencer.c:2684 sequencer.c:2788 builtin/am.c:259 builtin/commit.c:727
+#: builtin/merge.c:1046
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
-msgstr "Обработката на „%s“ не завърши у�пешно."
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: sequencer.c:229
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
-msgstr "Локалните ви промени ще бъдат презапи�ани при отбирането на подавани�."
+#: sequencer.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "your local changes would be overwritten by %s."
+msgstr "локалните ви промени ще бъдат презапи�ани при %s."
 
-#: sequencer.c:231
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
-msgstr "Локалните ви промени ще бъдат презапи�ани при отм�ната на подавани�."
+#: sequencer.c:445
+msgid "commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr "подайте или �катайте промените, за да продължите"
 
-#: sequencer.c:234
-msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
-msgstr "Подайте или �катайте промените, за да продължите"
+#: sequencer.c:474
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: fast-forward"
+msgstr "%s: превъртане"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
-#: sequencer.c:304
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert", "cherry-pick" or
+#. "rebase -i".
+#.
+#: sequencer.c:563
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "%s: нови�т индек� не може да бъде запазен"
 
-#: sequencer.c:335
-msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
-msgstr "Подаването �очено от указател� „HEAD“ не може да бъде открито\n"
+#: sequencer.c:579
+msgid "unable to update cache tree"
+msgstr "дървото на кеша не може да бъде обновено"
+
+#: sequencer.c:592
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD commit"
+msgstr "подаването, �очено от указател� „HEAD“, не може да бъде открито"
+
+#: sequencer.c:749
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you have staged changes in your working tree\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"в това работно дърво има �катани промени.\n"
+"�ко и�кате да ги вкарате в предишното подаване, изпълнете:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"�ко и�кате да �ъздадете ново подаване, изпълнете:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"И в двата �луча� продължавате �лед това � командата:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:818
+msgid "writing root commit"
+msgstr "запазване на начално подаване"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1043
+msgid "'prepare-commit-msg' hook failed"
+msgstr ""
+"неу�пешно изпълнение на куката при пром�на на �ъобщението при подаване "
+"(prepare-commit-msg)"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1050
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
+"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
+"your configuration file:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Името и адре�ът за е-поща �а на�троени автоматично на базата на името на\n"
+"потребител� и името на машината.  Проверете дали �а верни.  Можете да "
+"�прете\n"
+"това �ъобщение като изрично зададете �тойно�тите.  Изпълнете �ледната "
+"команда\n"
+"и �ледвайте ин�трукциите в тек�тови� ви редактор, за да редактирате\n"
+"конфигурационни� файл:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"След като направите това, можете да коригирате информаци�та за автора на\n"
+"текущото подаване чрез:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1063
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Името и адре�ът за е-поща �а на�троени автоматично на базата на името на\n"
+"потребител� и името на машината.  Проверете дали �а верни.  Можете да "
+"�прете\n"
+"това �ъобщение като изрично зададете �тойно�тите:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Вашето Име\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email пенчо@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"След като направите това, можете да коригирате информаци�та за автора на\n"
+"текущото подаване чрез:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1103
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr "току що �ъздаденото подаване не може да бъде открито"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1105
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr "току що �ъздаденото подаване не може да бъде анализирано"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1151
+msgid "unable to resolve HEAD after creating commit"
+msgstr ""
+"�ъ�то�нието �очено от указател� „HEAD“ не може да бъде открито �лед "
+"подаването"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1153
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr "не�вързан връх „HEAD“"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1157
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr " (начално подаване)"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1178
+msgid "could not parse HEAD"
+msgstr "указател�т „HEAD“ не може да бъде анализиран"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1180
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "указател�т „HEAD“ „%s“ �очи към нещо, което не е подаване!"
 
-#: sequencer.c:355
-msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
-msgstr "Дървото на кеша не може да бъде обновено\n"
+#: sequencer.c:1184 builtin/commit.c:1528
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr "върховото подаване „HEAD“ не може да бъде прочетено"
 
-#: sequencer.c:402
+#: sequencer.c:1235 sequencer.c:1832
+msgid "unable to parse commit author"
+msgstr "авторът на подаването не може да бъде анализиран"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1245 builtin/am.c:1630 builtin/merge.c:645
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr "Командата „git write-tree“ не у�п� да запише обект-дърво"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1262 sequencer.c:1317
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
-msgstr "Подаването „%s“ не може да бъде анализирано\n"
+msgid "unable to read commit message from '%s'"
+msgstr "�ъобщението за подаване не може да бъде прочетено от „%s“"
 
-#: sequencer.c:407
+#: sequencer.c:1284 builtin/am.c:1650 builtin/commit.c:1631 builtin/merge.c:825
+#: builtin/merge.c:850
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr "обектът за подаването не може да бъде запи�ан"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1344
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
-msgstr "Родител�кото подаване „%s“ не може да бъде анализирано\n"
+msgid "could not parse commit %s"
+msgstr "подаването „%s“ не може да бъде анализирано"
 
-#: sequencer.c:473
-msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
-msgstr "Индек�ът не е �л�т."
+#: sequencer.c:1349
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr "родител�кото подаване „%s“ не може да бъде анализирано"
 
-#: sequencer.c:492
+#: sequencer.c:1500 sequencer.c:1525
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
-msgstr "Подаването „%s“ е �ливане, но не е дадена опци�та „-m“"
+msgid "This is a combination of %d commits."
+msgstr "Това е обединение от %d подавани�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1510 sequencer.c:4355
+msgid "need a HEAD to fixup"
+msgstr "За вкарване в предходното подаване ви тр�бва указател „HEAD“"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1512 sequencer.c:2729
+msgid "could not read HEAD"
+msgstr "указател�т „HEAD“ не може да �е прочете"
 
-#: sequencer.c:500
+#: sequencer.c:1514
+msgid "could not read HEAD's commit message"
+msgstr ""
+"�ъобщението за подаване към указател� „HEAD“ не може да бъде прочетено: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1520
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
-msgstr "Подаването „%s“ н�ма родител %d"
+msgid "cannot write '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е запази"
 
-#: sequencer.c:504
+#: sequencer.c:1527 git-rebase--interactive.sh:457
+msgid "This is the 1st commit message:"
+msgstr "Това е 1-то �ъобщение при подаване:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1535
 #, c-format
-msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
-msgstr "Указано е базово подаване, но подаването „%s“ не е �ливане."
+msgid "could not read commit message of %s"
+msgstr "�ъобщението за подаване към „%s“ не може да бъде прочетено"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
-#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
-#: sequencer.c:517
+#: sequencer.c:1542
+#, c-format
+msgid "This is the commit message #%d:"
+msgstr "Това е �ъобщение при подаване №%d:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1548
+#, c-format
+msgid "The commit message #%d will be skipped:"
+msgstr "Съобщение при подаване №%d ще бъде пре�кочено:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1553
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command: %d"
+msgstr "непозната команда: %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1631
+msgid "your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr "индек�ът не е �л�т."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1638
+msgid "cannot fixup root commit"
+msgstr "началното подаване не може да �е вкара в предходното му"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1657
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr "подаването „%s“ е �ливане, но не е дадена опци�та „-m“"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1665
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr "подаването „%s“ н�ма родител %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1669
+#, c-format
+msgid "mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgstr "указано е базово подаване, но подаването „%s“ не е �ливане."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1675
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr "неу�пешно извличане на �ъобщението за подаване на „%s“"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be a "todo" command like
+#. "revert" or "pick", the second %s a SHA1.
+#: sequencer.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
 msgstr "%s: неразпозната �тойно�т за родител�кото подаване „%s“"
 
-#: sequencer.c:521
+#: sequencer.c:1759
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
-msgstr "�еу�пешно извличане на �ъобщението за подаване на „%s“"
+msgid "could not rename '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е преименува на „%s“"
 
-#: sequencer.c:607
+#: sequencer.c:1813
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
 msgstr "подаването „%s“… не може да бъде отменено: „%s“"
 
-#: sequencer.c:608
+#: sequencer.c:1814
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
 msgstr "подаването „%s“… не може да бъде приложено: „%s“"
 
-#: sequencer.c:644
+#: sequencer.c:1864
 msgid "empty commit set passed"
 msgstr "зададено е празно множе�тво от подавани�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:652
+#: sequencer.c:1874
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
 msgstr "git %s: неу�пешно изчитане на индек�а"
 
-#: sequencer.c:656
+#: sequencer.c:1881
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
 msgstr "git %s: неу�пешно обнов�ване на индек�а"
 
-#: sequencer.c:716
+#: sequencer.c:1961
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
-msgstr "По време на „%1$s“ не може да �е извърши „%2$s“"
+msgid "%s does not accept arguments: '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не приема аргументи: „%s“"
 
-#: sequencer.c:738
+#: sequencer.c:1970
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse line %d."
-msgstr "%d-�т ред не може да �е анализира."
+msgid "missing arguments for %s"
+msgstr "„%s“ изи�ква аргументи"
 
-#: sequencer.c:743
-msgid "No commits parsed."
-msgstr "�икое от подавани�та не може да �е разпознае."
+#: sequencer.c:2029
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "неправилен ред %d: %.*s"
 
-# FIXME Could not open %s. - full stop for consistence with next message
-#: sequencer.c:756
+#: sequencer.c:2037
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open %s"
-msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е прочете."
+msgid "cannot '%s' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "Без предишно подаване не може да �е изпълни „%s“"
 
-#: sequencer.c:760
+#: sequencer.c:2085 sequencer.c:4138 sequencer.c:4173
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not read %s."
-msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е отвори."
+msgid "could not read '%s'."
+msgstr "от „%s“ не може да �е чете."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2108
+msgid "please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "коригирайте това чрез „git rebase --edit-todo“."
 
-#: sequencer.c:767
+#: sequencer.c:2110
 #, c-format
-msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
-msgstr "Файлът � опи�ание на пред�то�щите дей�тви� — „%s“ не може да �е ползва"
+msgid "unusable instruction sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "неизползваем файл � опи�ание на пред�то�щите дей�тви�: „%s“"
 
-#: sequencer.c:797
+#: sequencer.c:2115
+msgid "no commits parsed."
+msgstr "никое от подавани�та не може да �е разпознае."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2126
+msgid "cannot cherry-pick during a revert."
+msgstr ""
+"по време на отм�на на подаване не може да �е извърши отбиране на подаване."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2128
+msgid "cannot revert during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr "по време на отбиране не може да �е извърши отм�на на подаване."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2195
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid key: %s"
-msgstr "�еправилен ключ: „%s“"
+msgid "invalid key: %s"
+msgstr "неправилен ключ: „%s“"
 
-#: sequencer.c:800
+#: sequencer.c:2198
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
-msgstr "�еправилна �тойно�т за „%s“: „%s“"
+msgid "invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "неправилна �тойно�т за „%s“: „%s“"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2269
+msgid "unusable squash-onto"
+msgstr "подаването, в което другите да �е вкарат, не може да �е използва"
 
-#: sequencer.c:812
+#: sequencer.c:2285
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
-msgstr "�еправилно �ъдържание на файла � опции: „%s“"
+msgid "malformed options sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "неправилен файл � опции: „%s“"
 
-#: sequencer.c:833
+#: sequencer.c:2323
 msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
 msgstr ""
 "в момента вече �е извършва отбиране на подавани� или пребазиране на клона"
 
-#: sequencer.c:834
+#: sequencer.c:2324
 msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 msgstr "използвайте „git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)“"
 
-#: sequencer.c:838
+#: sequencer.c:2327
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
-msgstr "Директори�та за �еквен�ора „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздадена"
+msgid "could not create sequencer directory '%s'"
+msgstr "директори�та за �еквен�ора „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздадена"
 
-#: sequencer.c:854 sequencer.c:939
-#, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
-msgstr "Обработката на „%s“ не завърши у�пешно."
+#: sequencer.c:2341
+msgid "could not lock HEAD"
+msgstr "указател�т „HEAD“ не може да �е заключи"
 
-#: sequencer.c:873 sequencer.c:1009
+#: sequencer.c:2396 sequencer.c:3403
 msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
 msgstr ""
 "в момента не �е извършва отбиране на подавани� или пребазиране на клона"
 
-#: sequencer.c:875
+#: sequencer.c:2398
 msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
 msgstr "Подаването �очено от указател� „HEAD“ не може да бъде открито"
 
-#: sequencer.c:877
+#: sequencer.c:2400 sequencer.c:2435
 msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr ""
 "дей�твието не може да бъде преу�тановено, когато �те на клон, който тепърва "
 "пред�тои да бъде �ъздаден"
 
-#: sequencer.c:899 builtin/apply.c:4128
+#: sequencer.c:2421 builtin/grep.c:720
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
-msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде отворен: %s"
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да бъде отворен"
 
-#: sequencer.c:902
+#: sequencer.c:2423
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
-msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде прочетен: %s"
+msgid "cannot read '%s': %s"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да бъде прочетен: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:903
+#: sequencer.c:2424
 msgid "unexpected end of file"
 msgstr "неочакван край на файл"
 
-#: sequencer.c:909
+#: sequencer.c:2430
 #, c-format
 msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
 msgstr ""
 "запазени�т преди започването на отбирането файл за указател� „HEAD“ — „%s“ е "
 "повреден"
 
-#: sequencer.c:932
+#: sequencer.c:2441
+msgid "You seem to have moved HEAD. Not rewinding, check your HEAD!"
+msgstr ""
+"Изглежда указател�т „HEAD“ е променен.  Проверете към какво �очи.\n"
+"�е �е прав�т промени."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2545 sequencer.c:3321
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update %s"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е обнови"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2583 sequencer.c:3301
+msgid "cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "указател�т „HEAD“ не може да бъде прочетен"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2618 sequencer.c:2622 builtin/difftool.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е копира като „%s“"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2641
+msgid "could not read index"
+msgstr "индек�ът не може да бъде прочетен"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2646
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution failed: %s\n"
+"%sYou can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"неу�пешно изпълнение: %s\n"
+"%sМоже да коригирате проблема, �лед което изпълнете:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2652
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+msgstr "и промени индек�а и/или работното дърво\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2658
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution succeeded: %s\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"У�пешно изпълнение: %s\n"
+"О�тават още промени в индек�а или работното дърво.\n"
+"Тр�бва да ги подадете или �катаете и �лед това изпълнете:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2771
+msgid "writing fake root commit"
+msgstr "запазване на фалшиво начално подаване"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2776
+msgid "writing squash-onto"
+msgstr "запазване на подаването, в което другите да �е вкарат"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2811
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to find tree of %s"
+msgstr "дървото, �очено от „%s“, не може да бъде открито"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2829
+msgid "could not write index"
+msgstr "индек�ът не може да бъде запи�ан"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2861
+msgid "cannot merge without a current revision"
+msgstr "без текущо подаване не може да �е �лива"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2884
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not format %s."
-msgstr "Файлът „%s“ не може да �е форматира по подход�щи� начин."
+msgid "could not resolve '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да бъде открит"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1077
+#: sequencer.c:2906
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get commit message of '%s'"
+msgstr "�ъобщението за подаване към „%s“ не може да бъде получено"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2916 sequencer.c:2941
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е запише"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3005
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not even attempt to merge '%.*s'"
+msgstr "�ливането на „%.*s“ не може даже да започне"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3021
+msgid "merge: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "�ливане: нови�т индек� не може да бъде запазен"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3088
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied autostash.\n"
+msgstr "�втоматично �катаното е приложено.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3100
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot store %s"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да бъде запазен"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3103 git-rebase.sh:188
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
+"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
+"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Прилагането на автоматично �катаното доведе до конфликти.  Промените ви �а\n"
+"надеждно �катани.  Можете да пробвате да ги приложите чрез „git stash pop“\n"
+"или да ги изхвърлите чрез „git stash drop“, когато пои�кате.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not execute the todo command\n"
+"\n"
+"    %.*s\n"
+"It has been rescheduled; To edit the command before continuing, please\n"
+"edit the todo list first:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --edit-todo\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Следната запланувана команда не може да бъде изпълнена:\n"
+"\n"
+"    %.*s\n"
+"\n"
+"Т� е запланувана за по-къ�но.  За да редактирате командата преди "
+"изпълнение,\n"
+"редактирайте �пи�ъка за изпълнение:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --edit-todo\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3202
+#, c-format
+msgid "Stopped at %s...  %.*s\n"
+msgstr "Спиране при „%s“…  %.*s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3264
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command %d"
+msgstr "непозната команда %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3309
+msgid "could not read orig-head"
+msgstr "указател�т за „orig-head“ не може да �е прочете"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3314 sequencer.c:4352
+msgid "could not read 'onto'"
+msgstr "указател�т за „onto“ не може да �е прочете"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3328
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update HEAD to %s"
+msgstr "„HEAD“ не може да бъде обновен до „%s“"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3414
+msgid "cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "не може да пребазирате, защото има промени, които не �а в индек�а."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3423
+msgid "cannot amend non-existing commit"
+msgstr "не�ъще�твуващо подаване не може да �е поправи"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3425
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid file: '%s'"
+msgstr "неправилен файл: „%s“"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3427
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid contents: '%s'"
+msgstr "неправилно �ъдържание: „%s“"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3430
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please, commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"В работното дърво има неподадени промени.  Първо ги подайте, а �лед това\n"
+"отново изпълнете „git rebase --continue“."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3455 sequencer.c:3493
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write file: '%s'"
+msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде запи�ан"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3508
+msgid "could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "указател�т „CHERRY_PICK_HEAD“ не може да бъде изтрит"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3515
+msgid "could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "промените в индек�а не могат да бъдат подадени."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3612
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"
 msgstr "%s: не може да �е отбере „%s“"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1080
+#: sequencer.c:3616
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: bad revision"
 msgstr "%s: неправилна вер�и�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1114
-msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
-msgstr "Първоначалното подаване не може да бъде отменено"
+#: sequencer.c:3649
+msgid "can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr "първоначалното подаване не може да бъде отменено"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4098
+msgid "make_script: unhandled options"
+msgstr "make_script: неподдържани опции"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4101
+msgid "make_script: error preparing revisions"
+msgstr "make_script: грешка при подготовката на вер�ии"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4142 sequencer.c:4177
+#, c-format
+msgid "unusable todo list: '%s'"
+msgstr "неу�пешно изтриване на �пи�ъка за изпълнение: „%s“"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4236
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unrecognized setting %s for option rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Ignoring."
+msgstr ""
+"�епозната �тойно�т „%s“ за на�тройката „rebase.missingCommitsCheck“.  "
+"�а�тройката �е пре�кача."
+
+#: sequencer.c:4302
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: some commits may have been dropped accidentally.\n"
+"Dropped commits (newer to older):\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Предупреждение: н�кои подавани� може да �а пропу�нати.\n"
+"Пропу�нати подавани� (новите �а най-отгоре):\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1115
-msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
-msgstr "При празен връх не могат да �е отбират подавани�"
+#: sequencer.c:4309
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"To avoid this message, use \"drop\" to explicitly remove a commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Use 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' to change the level of "
+"warnings.\n"
+"The possible behaviours are: ignore, warn, error.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"За да не получавате това �ъобщение, изрично ползвайте командата „drop“.\n"
+"\n"
+"�а�тройката „rebase.missingCommitsCheck“ управл�ва нивото на предупреждение\n"
+"Възможните �тойно�ти �а „ignore“ (пренебрегване), „warn“ (�амо "
+"предупреждение)\n"
+"или „error“ (�читане за грешка).\n"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:440
+#: sequencer.c:4321
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You can fix this with 'git rebase --edit-todo' and then run 'git rebase --"
+"continue'.\n"
+"Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Може да промените това � командите „git rebase --edit-todo“ и „git rebase --"
+"continue“ �лед това.\n"
+"Може и да преу�тановите пребазирането � командата „git rebase --abort“.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4375
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit '%s'"
+msgstr "подаването „%s“ не може да бъде анализирано"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4490
+msgid "the script was already rearranged."
+msgstr "�криптът вече е преподреден."
+
+#: setup.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is outside repository"
+msgstr "„%s“ е извън хранилището"
+
+#: setup.c:172
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s: no such path in the working tree.\n"
+"Use 'git <command> -- <path>...' to specify paths that do not exist locally."
+msgstr ""
+"%s: в това работно дърво н�ма такъв път.\n"
+"За да указвате пътища, които локално не �ъще�твуват, използвайте:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git КОМ��Д� -- ПЪТ…"
+
+#: setup.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"нееднозначен аргумент „%s: непозната вер�и� или път�т не е ча�т от работното "
+"дърво.\n"
+"Раздел�йте пътищата от вер�иите � „--“, ето така:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git КОМ��Д� [ВЕРСИЯ…] -- [Ф�ЙЛ…]"
+
+#: setup.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' must come before non-option arguments"
+msgstr "опци�та „%s“ тр�бва да е преди първи� аргумент, който не е опци�"
+
+#: setup.c:253
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"нееднозначен аргумент „%s“: както вер�и�, така и път.\n"
+"Раздел�йте пътищата от вер�иите � „--“, ето така:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git КОМ��Д� [ВЕРСИЯ…] -- [Ф�ЙЛ…]"
+
+#: setup.c:389
+msgid "unable to set up work tree using invalid config"
+msgstr ""
+"не може да �е зададе текуща работна директори� при неправилни на�тройки"
+
+#: setup.c:393
+msgid "this operation must be run in a work tree"
+msgstr "тази команда тр�бва да �е изпълни в работно дърво"
+
+#: setup.c:503
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d"
+msgstr "Очаква �е вер�и� на хранилището на git <= %d, а не %d"
+
+#: setup.c:511
+msgid "unknown repository extensions found:"
+msgstr "открити �а непознати разширени� в хранилището:"
+
+#: setup.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "error opening '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е отвори"
+
+#: setup.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "too large to be a .git file: '%s'"
+msgstr "прекалено гол�м файл „.git“: „%s“"
+
+#: setup.c:534
+#, c-format
+msgid "error reading %s"
+msgstr "грешка при прочитане на „%s“"
+
+#: setup.c:536
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid gitfile format: %s"
+msgstr "неправилен формат на gitfile: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:538
+#, c-format
+msgid "no path in gitfile: %s"
+msgstr "лип�ва път в gitfile: „%s“"
+
+#: setup.c:540
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: %s"
+msgstr "не е хранилище на Git: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "'$%s' too big"
+msgstr "„%s“ е прекалено гол�м"
+
+#: setup.c:653
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: '%s'"
+msgstr "не е хранилище на git: „%s“"
+
+#: setup.c:682 setup.c:684 setup.c:715
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to '%s'"
+msgstr "не може да �е влезе в директори�та „%s“"
+
+#: setup.c:687 setup.c:743 setup.c:753 setup.c:792 setup.c:800 setup.c:815
+msgid "cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr "проце�ът не може да �е върне към предишната работна директори�"
+
+#: setup.c:813
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): %s"
+msgstr ""
+"нито тази, нито ко�то и да е от по-горните директории, не е хранилище на "
+"git: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:824
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%*s%s%s'"
+msgstr "не може да бъде получена информаци� чрез „stat“ за „%*s%s%s“"
+
+#: setup.c:1054
+msgid "Unable to read current working directory"
+msgstr "Текущата работна директори� не може да бъде прочетена"
+
+#: setup.c:1066 setup.c:1072
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot change to '%s'"
+msgstr "не може да �е влезе в директори�та „%s“"
+
+#: setup.c:1085
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not a git repository (or any parent up to mount point %s)\n"
+"Stopping at filesystem boundary (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM not set)."
+msgstr ""
+"нито тази, нито ко�то и да е от по-горните директории (до точката на "
+"монтиране „%s“), не е хранилище на git.\n"
+"Git работи в рамките на една файлова �и�тема, защото променливата на �редата "
+"„GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM“ не е зададена."
+
+#: setup.c:1168
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"problem with core.sharedRepository filemode value (0%.3o).\n"
+"The owner of files must always have read and write permissions."
+msgstr ""
+"зададени�т в „core.sharedRepository“ режим за до�тъп до файлове е неправилен "
+"(0%.3o).\n"
+"Соб�твеникът на файла тр�бва да има права за пи�ане и четене."
+
+#: setup.c:1211
+msgid "open /dev/null or dup failed"
+msgstr "неу�пешно изпълнение на „open“ или „dup“ върху „/dev/null“"
+
+#: setup.c:1226
+msgid "fork failed"
+msgstr "неу�пешно изпълнение на „fork“"
+
+#: setup.c:1231
+msgid "setsid failed"
+msgstr "неу�пешно изпълнение на „setsid“"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:625
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "път�т „%s“ не �ъще�твува."
+
+#: sha1-file.c:651
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' as a linked checkout is not supported yet."
+msgstr "в�е още не �е поддържа еталонно хранилище „%s“ като �вързано."
+
+#: sha1-file.c:657
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
+msgstr "еталонното хранилище „%s“ не е локално"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:663
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
+msgstr "еталонното хранилище „%s“ е плитко"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
+msgstr "еталонното хранилище „%s“ е � при�аждане"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:442
+#, c-format
+msgid "short SHA1 %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "къ�и�т SHA1 „%s“ не е еднозначен"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:453
+msgid "The candidates are:"
+msgstr "Възможно�тите �а:"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:695
 msgid ""
 "Git normally never creates a ref that ends with 40 hex characters\n"
 "because it will be ignored when you just specify 40-hex. These refs\n"
@@ -1555,503 +4482,970 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "При нормална работа Git никога не �ъздава указатели, които завършват � 40\n"
 "ше�тнаде�етични знака, защото �тандартно те ще бъдат пре�качани.\n"
-"Възможно е такива указатели да �а �ъздадени �лучайно. �апример:\n"
+"Възможно е такива указатели да �а �ъздадени �лучайно.  �апример:\n"
 "\n"
-"  git checkout -b $BRANCH $(git rev-parse…)\n"
+"    git checkout -b $BRANCH $(git rev-parse…)\n"
 "\n"
 "където �тойно�тта на променливата на �редата BRANCH е празна, при което �е\n"
-"�ъздава подобен указател. Прегледайте тези указатели и ги изтрийте. Можете "
+"�ъздава подобен указател.  Прегледайте тези указатели и ги изтрийте.  Можете "
 "да\n"
 "�прете това �ъобщение като изпълните командата:\n"
 "„git config advice.objectNameWarning false“"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1068
-msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
-msgstr "Указател�т „HEAD“ не �очи към клон"
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1071
-#, c-format
-msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
-msgstr "�е �ъще�твува клон на име „%s“"
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1073
-#, c-format
-msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
-msgstr "�е е зададен клон-източник за клона „%s“"
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1077
-#, c-format
-msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
-msgstr "Клонът-източник „%s“ не е �ъхранен като �лед�щ клон"
-
-#: submodule.c:64 submodule.c:98
+#: submodule.c:97 submodule.c:131
 msgid "Cannot change unmerged .gitmodules, resolve merge conflicts first"
 msgstr ""
-"�е�летите файлове „.gitmodules“ не могат да бъдат промен�ни. Първо "
+"�е�летите файлове „.gitmodules“ не могат да бъдат промен�ни.  Първо "
 "коригирайте конфликтите"
 
-#: submodule.c:68 submodule.c:102
+#: submodule.c:101 submodule.c:135
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find section in .gitmodules where path=%s"
 msgstr "Във файла „.gitmodules“ лип�ва раздел за директори� „path=%s“"
 
-#: submodule.c:76
+#: submodule.c:109
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not update .gitmodules entry %s"
 msgstr "Запи�ът „%s“ във файла „.gitmodules“ не може да бъде променен"
 
-#: submodule.c:109
+#: submodule.c:142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not remove .gitmodules entry for %s"
 msgstr "Запи�ът „%s“ във файла „.gitmodules“ не може да бъде изтрит"
 
-#: submodule.c:120
+#: submodule.c:153
 msgid "staging updated .gitmodules failed"
 msgstr "неу�пешно добав�не на променени� файл „.gitmodules“ в индек�а"
 
-#: submodule.c:1111 builtin/init-db.c:363
+#: submodule.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "in unpopulated submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "в неподготвени� подмодул „%s“"
+
+#: submodule.c:346
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "Път�т „%s“ е в подмодула „%.*s“"
+
+#: submodule.c:837
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule entry '%s' (%s) is a %s, not a commit"
+msgstr "запи�ът за подмодула „%s“ (%s) е %s, а не подаване!"
+
+#: submodule.c:1069 builtin/branch.c:651 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1743
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr "�е може да �е открие към какво �очи указател�т „HEAD“"
+
+#: submodule.c:1375
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' not recognized as a git repository"
+msgstr "„%s“ не е хранилище на git"
+
+#: submodule.c:1513
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not start 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "командата „git status“ не може да �е изпълни в подмодула „%s“"
+
+#: submodule.c:1526
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not run 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "командата „git status“ не може да �е изпълни в подмодула „%s“"
+
+#: submodule.c:1619
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' has dirty index"
+msgstr "индек�ът на подмодула „%s“ не е чи�т"
+
+#: submodule.c:1718
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"relocate_gitdir for submodule '%s' with more than one worktree not supported"
+msgstr ""
+"не �е поддържа „relocate_gitdir“ за подмодула „%s“, който има повече от едно "
+"работно дърво"
+
+#: submodule.c:1730 submodule.c:1786
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup name for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "името на подмодула „%s“ не може да бъде намерено"
+
+#: submodule.c:1734 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1261
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1271
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create git link %s"
-msgstr "Връзката в Git „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздадена"
+msgid "could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "Директори�та „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздадена"
+
+#: submodule.c:1737
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Migrating git directory of '%s%s' from\n"
+"'%s' to\n"
+"'%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Мигриране на директори�та на git — „%s%s“ от:\n"
+"„%s“ към\n"
+"„%s“\n"
+
+#: submodule.c:1821
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "неу�пешна обработка на поддиректориите в подмодула „%s“"
+
+#: submodule.c:1865
+msgid "could not start ls-files in .."
+msgstr "„ls-stat“ не може да �е �тартира в „..“"
 
-#: submodule.c:1122
+#: submodule.c:1904
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not set core.worktree in %s"
-msgstr "�а�тройката „core.worktree“ не може да �е зададе в „%s“"
+msgid "ls-tree returned unexpected return code %d"
+msgstr "„ls-tree“ завърши � неочакван изходен код: %d"
 
-#: trailer.c:499 trailer.c:503 trailer.c:507 trailer.c:561 trailer.c:565
-#: trailer.c:569
+#: submodule-config.c:230
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring suspicious submodule name: %s"
+msgstr "игнориране на подозрително име на подмодул: „%s“"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:294
+msgid "negative values not allowed for submodule.fetchjobs"
+msgstr "на�тройката „submodule.fetchjobs“ не приема отрицателни �тойно�ти"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:467
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid value for %s"
+msgstr "�еправилна �тойно�т за „%s“"
+
+#: trailer.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "running trailer command '%s' failed"
+msgstr "неу�пешно изпълнение на завършващата команда „%s“"
+
+#: trailer.c:485 trailer.c:490 trailer.c:495 trailer.c:549 trailer.c:553
+#: trailer.c:557
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"
-msgstr "неправилна �тойно�т „%s“ за на�тройката „%s“"
+msgstr "непозната �тойно�т „%s“ за на�тройката „%s“"
 
-#: trailer.c:551 trailer.c:556 builtin/remote.c:288
+#: trailer.c:539 trailer.c:544 builtin/remote.c:293
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than one %s"
 msgstr "�тойно�тта „%s“ �е повтар� в на�тройките"
 
-#: trailer.c:589
+#: trailer.c:730
 #, c-format
 msgid "empty trailer token in trailer '%.*s'"
 msgstr "празна завършваща лек�ема в епилога „%.*s“"
 
-#: trailer.c:709
+#: trailer.c:750
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read input file '%s'"
 msgstr "входни�т файл „%s“ не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: trailer.c:712
+#: trailer.c:753
 msgid "could not read from stdin"
 msgstr "от �тандартни� вход не може да �е чете"
 
-#: unpack-trees.c:202
+#: trailer.c:1008 builtin/am.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat %s"
+msgstr "�е може да �е получи информаци� чрез „stat“ за „%s“"
+
+#: trailer.c:1010
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not a regular file"
+msgstr "„%s“ не е обикновен файл"
+
+#: trailer.c:1012
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not writable by user"
+msgstr "„%s“: н�ма права за запи�ване на файла"
+
+#: trailer.c:1024
+msgid "could not open temporary file"
+msgstr "временни�т файл не може да �е отвори"
+
+#: trailer.c:1064
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not rename temporary file to %s"
+msgstr "временни�т файл не може да �е преименува на „%s“"
+
+#: transport.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would set upstream of '%s' to '%s' of '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Клонът „%s“ ще �леди „%s“ от „%s“\n"
+
+#: transport.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid "transport: invalid depth option '%s'"
+msgstr "transport: неправилна опци� за дълбочина: %s"
+
+#: transport.c:584
+msgid "could not parse transport.color.* config"
+msgstr "�тойно�тта на на�тройката „transport.color.*“ не може да �е разпознае"
+
+#: transport.c:996
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following submodule paths contain changes that can\n"
+"not be found on any remote:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Следните пътища за подмодули �ъдържат промени,\n"
+"които лип�ват от в�ички отдалечени хранилища:\n"
+
+#: transport.c:1000
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Please try\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"or cd to the path and use\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"to push them to a remote.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Пробвайте да ги изтла�кате чрез командата:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"или отидете в �ъответната директори� и изпълнете:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: transport.c:1008
+msgid "Aborting."
+msgstr "Преу�танов�ване на дей�твието."
+
+#: transport-helper.c:1087
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read ref %s"
+msgstr "Указател�т „%s“ не може да �е прочете."
+
+#: tree-walk.c:31
+msgid "too-short tree object"
+msgstr "прекалено кратък обект-дърво"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:37
+msgid "malformed mode in tree entry"
+msgstr "неправилни права за до�тъп в запи� в дърво"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:41
+msgid "empty filename in tree entry"
+msgstr "празно име на файл в запи� в дърво"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:113
+msgid "too-short tree file"
+msgstr "прекалено кратък файл-дърво"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Изтегл�нето ще презапише локалните промени на тези файлове:\n"
+"%%sПодайте или �катайте промените, за да преминете към нов клон."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:113
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Изтегл�нето ще презапише локалните промени на тези файлове:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Сливането ще презапише локалните промени на тези файлове:\n"
+"%%sПодайте или �катайте промените, за да �леете."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Сливането ще презапише локалните промени на тези файлове:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"„%s“ ще презапише локалните промени на тези файлове:\n"
+"%%sПодайте или �катайте промените, за да извършите „%s“."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"„%s“ ще презапише локалните промени на тези файлове:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Updating the following directories would lose untracked files in them:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Обнов�ването на �ледните директории ще изтрие не�ледените файлове в т�х:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:132
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Изтегл�нето ще изтрие тези не�ледени файлове в работното дърво:\n"
+"%%sПреме�тете ги или ги изтрийте, за да преминете на друг клон."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Изтегл�нето ще изтрие тези не�ледени файлове в работното дърво:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Сливането ще изтрие тези не�ледени файлове в работното дърво:\n"
+"%%sПреме�тете ги или ги изтрийте, за да �леете."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Сливането ще изтрие тези не�ледени файлове в работното дърво:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:142
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"„%s“ ще изтрие тези не�ледени файлове в работното дърво:\n"
+"%%sПреме�тете ги или ги изтрийте, за да извършите „%s“."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:144
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"„%s“ ще изтрие тези не�ледени файлове в работното дърво:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:150
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Изтегл�нето ще презапише тези не�ледени файлове в работното дърво:\n"
+"%%sПреме�тете ги или ги изтрийте, за да �мените клон."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Изтегл�нето ще презапише тези не�ледени файлове в работното дърво:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:155
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Сливането ще презапише тези не�ледени файлове в работното дърво:\n"
+"%%sПреме�тете ги или ги изтрийте, за да �леете."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Сливането ще презапише тези не�ледени файлове в работното дърво:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:160
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"„%s“ ще презапише тези не�ледени файлове в работното дърво:\n"
+"%%sПреме�тете ги или ги изтрийте, за да извършите „%s“."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:162
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"„%s“ ще презапише тези не�ледени файлове в работното дърво:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid "Entry '%s' overlaps with '%s'.  Cannot bind."
+msgstr "Запи�ът за „%s“ �ъвпада � този за „%s“.  �е може да �е при�вои."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update sparse checkout: the following entries are not up to date:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Ча�тичното изтегл�не не може да бъде обновено: �ледните запи�и не �а "
+"актуални:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:175
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be overwritten by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Обнов�ването на ча�тичното изтегл�не ще презапише тези файлове в работното "
+"дърво:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be removed by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Обнов�ването на ча�тичното изтегл�не ще изтрие тези файлове в работното "
+"дърво:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update submodule:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Подмодулът не може да бъде обновен:\n"
+"„%s“"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting\n"
+msgstr "Преу�танов�ване на дей�твието\n"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:344
 msgid "Checking out files"
 msgstr "Изтегл�не на файлове"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:120
+#: urlmatch.c:163
 msgid "invalid URL scheme name or missing '://' suffix"
 msgstr "неправилна �хема за адре� или �уфик�ът „://“ лип�ва"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:144 urlmatch.c:297 urlmatch.c:356
+#: urlmatch.c:187 urlmatch.c:346 urlmatch.c:405
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %XX escape sequence"
 msgstr "неправилна екранираща по�ледователно�т „%XX“"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:172
+#: urlmatch.c:215
 msgid "missing host and scheme is not 'file:'"
 msgstr "не е указана машина, а �хемата не е „file:“"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:189
+#: urlmatch.c:232
 msgid "a 'file:' URL may not have a port number"
 msgstr "при �хема „file:“ не можете да указвате номер на порт"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:199
+#: urlmatch.c:247
 msgid "invalid characters in host name"
 msgstr "неправилни знаци в името на машина"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:244 urlmatch.c:255
+#: urlmatch.c:292 urlmatch.c:303
 msgid "invalid port number"
 msgstr "неправилен номер на порт"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:322
+#: urlmatch.c:371
 msgid "invalid '..' path segment"
 msgstr "неправилна ча�т от път� „..“"
 
-#: wrapper.c:509
+#: worktree.c:245 builtin/am.c:2147
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
-msgstr "н�ма до�тъп до „%s“: %s"
+msgid "failed to read '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: wrapper.c:530
+#: worktree.c:291
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to access '%s'"
-msgstr "н�ма до�тъп до „%s“"
+msgid "'%s' at main working tree is not the repository directory"
+msgstr "„%s“ в о�новното работно дърво не е директори�та на хранилището"
+
+#: worktree.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' file does not contain absolute path to the working tree location"
+msgstr ""
+"файлът „%s“ не �ъдържа аб�олютни� път към ме�тоположението на работното дърво"
+
+#: worktree.c:314
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "„%s“ не �ъще�твува."
+
+#: worktree.c:320
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a .git file, error code %d"
+msgstr "„%s“ не е файл на .git, код за грешка: %d"
+
+#: worktree.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point back to '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не �очи към обратно към „%s“"
 
-#: wrapper.c:541
+#: wrapper.c:223 wrapper.c:393
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
-msgstr "текущи�т потребител не може да бъде открит във файла „/etc/passwd“: %s"
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading and writing"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да бъде отворен и за четене, и за запи�"
 
-#: wrapper.c:542
-msgid "no such user"
-msgstr "такъв потребител не �ъще�твува"
+#: wrapper.c:227 wrapper.c:397 builtin/am.c:320 builtin/am.c:770
+#: builtin/am.c:862 builtin/merge.c:1043
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr "файлът не може да бъде прочетен: „%s“"
 
-#: wrapper.c:550
+#: wrapper.c:424 wrapper.c:624
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s'"
+msgstr "н�ма до�тъп до „%s“"
+
+#: wrapper.c:632
 msgid "unable to get current working directory"
 msgstr "текущата работна директори� е недо�тъпна"
 
-#: wt-status.c:150
+#: wt-status.c:154
 msgid "Unmerged paths:"
 msgstr "�е�лети пътища:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:177 wt-status.c:204
+#: wt-status.c:181 wt-status.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
 msgstr "  (използвайте „git reset %s Ф�ЙЛ…“, за да извадите Ф�ЙЛа от индек�а)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:179 wt-status.c:206
+#: wt-status.c:183 wt-status.c:210
 msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (използвайте „git rm --cached %s Ф�ЙЛ…“, за да извадите Ф�ЙЛа от индек�а)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:183
+#: wt-status.c:187
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (използвайте „git add Ф�ЙЛ…“, за да укажете разрешаването на конфликта)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:185 wt-status.c:189
+#: wt-status.c:189 wt-status.c:193
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (използвайте „git add/rm Ф�ЙЛ…“, �поред решението, което избирате за "
 "конфликта)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:187
+#: wt-status.c:191
 msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (използвайте „git rm Ф�ЙЛ…“, за да укажете разрешаването на конфликта)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:198
+#: wt-status.c:202 wt-status.c:1015
 msgid "Changes to be committed:"
 msgstr "Промени, които ще бъдат подадени:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:216
+#: wt-status.c:220 wt-status.c:1024
 msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
 msgstr "Промени, които не �а в индек�а за подаване:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:220
+#: wt-status.c:224
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (използвайте „git add Ф�ЙЛ…“, за да обновите �ъдържанието за подаване)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:222
+#: wt-status.c:226
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (използвайте „git add/rm Ф�ЙЛ…“, за да обновите �ъдържанието за подаване)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:223
+#: wt-status.c:227
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (използвайте „git checkout -- Ф�ЙЛ…“, за да отхвърлите промените в "
 "работното дърво)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:225
+#: wt-status.c:229
 msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (подайте или отхвърлете не�леденото или промененото �ъдържание в "
 "подмодулите)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:237
+#: wt-status.c:241
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (използвайте „git %s Ф�ЙЛ…“, за да определите какво включвате в подаването)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:252
+#: wt-status.c:256
 msgid "both deleted:"
 msgstr "изтрити в двата �луча�:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:254
+#: wt-status.c:258
 msgid "added by us:"
 msgstr "добавени от ва�:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:256
+#: wt-status.c:260
 msgid "deleted by them:"
 msgstr "изтрити от т�х:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:258
+#: wt-status.c:262
 msgid "added by them:"
 msgstr "добавени от т�х:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:260
+#: wt-status.c:264
 msgid "deleted by us:"
 msgstr "изтрити от ва�:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:262
+#: wt-status.c:266
 msgid "both added:"
 msgstr "добавени и в двата �луча�:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:264
+#: wt-status.c:268
 msgid "both modified:"
 msgstr "променени и в двата �луча�:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:266
-#, c-format
-msgid "bug: unhandled unmerged status %x"
-msgstr "грешка: �ъ�то�нието на пром�ната „%x“ не може да бъде обработено"
-
-#: wt-status.c:274
+#: wt-status.c:278
 msgid "new file:"
 msgstr "нов файл:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:276
+#: wt-status.c:280
 msgid "copied:"
 msgstr "копиран:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:278
+#: wt-status.c:282
 msgid "deleted:"
 msgstr "изтрит:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:280
+#: wt-status.c:284
 msgid "modified:"
 msgstr "променен:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:282
+#: wt-status.c:286
 msgid "renamed:"
 msgstr "преименуван:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:284
+#: wt-status.c:288
 msgid "typechange:"
 msgstr "�м�на на вида:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:286
+#: wt-status.c:290
 msgid "unknown:"
 msgstr "непозната пром�на:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:288
+#: wt-status.c:292
 msgid "unmerged:"
 msgstr "не�л�т:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:370
+#: wt-status.c:372
 msgid "new commits, "
 msgstr "нови подавани�, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:372
+#: wt-status.c:374
 msgid "modified content, "
 msgstr "променено �ъдържание, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:374
+#: wt-status.c:376
 msgid "untracked content, "
 msgstr "не�ледено �ъдържание, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:391
+#: wt-status.c:853
 #, c-format
-msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
-msgstr "грешка: �ъ�то�нието на пром�ната „%c“ не може да бъде обработено"
+msgid "Your stash currently has %d entry"
+msgid_plural "Your stash currently has %d entries"
+msgstr[0] "Има %d �катаване."
+msgstr[1] "Има %d �катавани�."
 
-#: wt-status.c:761
+#: wt-status.c:885
 msgid "Submodules changed but not updated:"
 msgstr "Подмодулите �а променени, но не �а обновени:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:763
+#: wt-status.c:887
 msgid "Submodule changes to be committed:"
 msgstr "Промени в подмодулите за подаване:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:842
+#: wt-status.c:969
 msgid ""
-"Do not touch the line above.\n"
-"Everything below will be removed."
+"Do not modify or remove the line above.\n"
+"Everything below it will be ignored."
 msgstr ""
-"�е промен�йте горни� ред.\n"
+"�е промен�йте и не изтривайте горни� ред.\n"
 "В�ичко отдолу ще бъде изтрито."
 
-#: wt-status.c:933
+#: wt-status.c:1084
 msgid "You have unmerged paths."
 msgstr "��кои пътища не �а �лети."
 
-#: wt-status.c:936
+#: wt-status.c:1087
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
 msgstr "  (коригирайте конфликтите и изпълнете „git commit“)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:939
+#: wt-status.c:1089
+msgid "  (use \"git merge --abort\" to abort the merge)"
+msgstr "  (използвайте „git merge --abort“, за да преу�тановите �ливането)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1094
 msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
 msgstr "В�ички конфликти �а решени, но продължавате �ливането."
 
-#: wt-status.c:942
+#: wt-status.c:1097
 msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
 msgstr "  (използвайте „git commit“, за да завършите �ливането)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:952
+#: wt-status.c:1107
 msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
 msgstr "В момента прилагате поредица от кръпки чрез „git am“."
 
-#: wt-status.c:955
+#: wt-status.c:1110
 msgid "The current patch is empty."
 msgstr "Текущата кръпка е празна."
 
-#: wt-status.c:959
+#: wt-status.c:1114
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (коригирайте конфликтите и изпълнете „git am --continue“)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:961
+#: wt-status.c:1116
 msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  (използвайте „git am --skip“, за да пропу�нете тази кръпка)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:963
+#: wt-status.c:1118
 msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (използвайте „git am --abort“, за да въз�тановите първоначални� клон)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1023 wt-status.c:1040
+#: wt-status.c:1250
+msgid "git-rebase-todo is missing."
+msgstr "„git-rebase-todo“ лип�ва."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1252
+msgid "No commands done."
+msgstr "�е �а изпълнени команди."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1255
+#, c-format
+msgid "Last command done (%d command done):"
+msgid_plural "Last commands done (%d commands done):"
+msgstr[0] "По�ледна изпълнена команда (изпълнена е общо %d команда):"
+msgstr[1] "По�ледна изпълнена команда (изпълнени �а общо %d команди):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1266
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (see more in file %s)"
+msgstr "  повече информаци� има във файла „%s“)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1271
+msgid "No commands remaining."
+msgstr "�е о�тават повече команди."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "Next command to do (%d remaining command):"
+msgid_plural "Next commands to do (%d remaining commands):"
+msgstr[0] "Следваща команда за изпълнение (о�тава още %d команда):"
+msgstr[1] "Следваща команда за изпълнение (о�тават още %d команди):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1282
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --edit-todo\" to view and edit)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (използвайте „git rebase --edit-todo“, за да разгледате и редактирате)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1295
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr "В момента пребазирате клона „%s“ върху „%s“."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1028 wt-status.c:1045
+#: wt-status.c:1300
 msgid "You are currently rebasing."
 msgstr "В момента пребазирате."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1031
+#: wt-status.c:1314
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (коригирайте конфликтите и използвайте „git rebase --continue“)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1033
+#: wt-status.c:1316
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  (използвайте „git rebase --skip“, за да пропу�нете тази кръпка)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1035
+#: wt-status.c:1318
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (използвайте „git rebase --abort“, за да въз�тановите първоначални� клон)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1048
+#: wt-status.c:1324
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (в�ички конфликти �а коригирани: изпълнете „git rebase --continue“)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1052
+#: wt-status.c:1328
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr "В момента раздел�те подаване докато пребазирате клона „%s“ върху „%s“."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1057
+#: wt-status.c:1333
 msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr "В момента раздел�те подаване докато пребазирате."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1060
+#: wt-status.c:1336
 msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (След като работното ви дърво �тане чи�то, използвайте „git rebase --"
 "continue“)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1064
+#: wt-status.c:1340
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 "В момента редактирате подаване докато пребазирате клона „%s“ върху „%s“."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1069
+#: wt-status.c:1345
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr "В момента редактирате подаване докато пребазирате."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1072
+#: wt-status.c:1348
 msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (използвайте „git commit --amend“, за да редактирате текущото подаване)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1074
+#: wt-status.c:1350
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (използвайте „git rebase --continue“, �лед като завършите промените �и)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1084
+#: wt-status.c:1360
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently cherry-picking commit %s."
 msgstr "В момента отбирате подаването „%s“."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1089
+#: wt-status.c:1365
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (коригирайте конфликтите и изпълнете „git cherry-pick --continue“)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1092
+#: wt-status.c:1368
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (в�ички конфликти �а коригирани, изпълнете „git cherry-pick --continue“)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1094
+#: wt-status.c:1370
 msgid "  (use \"git cherry-pick --abort\" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (използвайте „git cherry-pick --abort“, за да отмените в�ички дей�тви� � "
 "отбиране)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1103
+#: wt-status.c:1379
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently reverting commit %s."
 msgstr "В момента отмен�те подаване „%s“."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1108
+#: wt-status.c:1384
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (коригирайте конфликтите и изпълнете „git revert --continue“)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1111
+#: wt-status.c:1387
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (в�ички конфликти �а коригирани, изпълнете „git revert --continue“)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1113
+#: wt-status.c:1389
 msgid "  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (използвайте „git revert --abort“, за да преу�тановите отм�ната на "
 "подаване)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1124
+#: wt-status.c:1400
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."
 msgstr "В момента тър�ите двоично, като �те �тартирали от клон „%s“."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1128
+#: wt-status.c:1404
 msgid "You are currently bisecting."
 msgstr "В момента тър�ите двоично."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1131
+#: wt-status.c:1407
 msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (използвайте „git bisect reset“, за да �е върнете към първоначалното "
 "�ъ�то�ние и клон)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1306
+#: wt-status.c:1604
 msgid "On branch "
 msgstr "�а клон "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1313
+#: wt-status.c:1610
+msgid "interactive rebase in progress; onto "
+msgstr "извършвате интерактивно пребазиране върху "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1612
 msgid "rebase in progress; onto "
 msgstr "извършвате пребазиране върху "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1320
+#: wt-status.c:1617
 msgid "HEAD detached at "
-msgstr "Указател�т „HEAD“ не е �вързан и е при подаване "
+msgstr "Указател�т „HEAD“ не е �вързан и е при "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1322
+#: wt-status.c:1619
 msgid "HEAD detached from "
 msgstr "Указател�т „HEAD“ не е �вързан и е отделѐн от "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1325
+#: wt-status.c:1622
 msgid "Not currently on any branch."
 msgstr "Извън в�ички клони."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1342
+#: wt-status.c:1642
 msgid "Initial commit"
 msgstr "Първоначално подаване"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1356
+#: wt-status.c:1643
+msgid "No commits yet"
+msgstr "В�е още лип�ват подавани�"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1657
 msgid "Untracked files"
 msgstr "�е�ледени файлове"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1358
+#: wt-status.c:1659
 msgid "Ignored files"
 msgstr "Игнорирани файлове"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1362
+#: wt-status.c:1663
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
@@ -2063,32 +5457,32 @@ msgstr ""
 "изпълнението, но не тр�бва да забрав�те ръчно да добав�те новите файлове.\n"
 "За повече подробно�ти погледнете „git status help“."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1368
+#: wt-status.c:1669
 #, c-format
 msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
 msgstr "�е�ледените файлове не �а изведени%s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1370
+#: wt-status.c:1671
 msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
 msgstr " (използвайте опци�та „-u“, за да изведете не�ледените файлове)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1376
+#: wt-status.c:1677
 msgid "No changes"
 msgstr "��ма промени"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1381
+#: wt-status.c:1682
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
 msgstr ""
 "към индек�а за подаване не �а добавени промени (използвайте „git add“ и/или "
 "„git commit -a“)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1384
+#: wt-status.c:1685
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
 msgstr "към индек�а за подаване не �а добавени промени\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1387
+#: wt-status.c:1688
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
@@ -2097,701 +5491,669 @@ msgstr ""
 "към индек�а за подаване не �а добавени промени, но има нови файлове "
 "(използвайте „git add“, за да започне т�хното �ледене)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1390
+#: wt-status.c:1691
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
 msgstr "към индек�а за подаване не �а добавени промени, но има нови файлове\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1393
+#: wt-status.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
 msgstr ""
 "лип�ват каквито и да е промени (�ъздайте или копирайте файлове и използвайте "
 "„git add“, за да започне т�хното �ледене)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1396 wt-status.c:1401
+#: wt-status.c:1697 wt-status.c:1702
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit\n"
 msgstr "лип�ват каквито и да е промени\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1399
+#: wt-status.c:1700
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
 msgstr ""
 "лип�ват каквито и да е промени (използвайте опци�та „-u“, за да �е изведат и "
 "не�ледените файлове)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1403
+#: wt-status.c:1704
 #, c-format
-msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
+msgid "nothing to commit, working tree clean\n"
 msgstr "лип�ват каквито и да е промени, работното дърво е чи�то\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1512
+#: wt-status.c:1817
+msgid "No commits yet on "
+msgstr "В�е още лип�ват подавани� в "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1821
 msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
 msgstr "HEAD (извън клон)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1518
-msgid "Initial commit on "
-msgstr "Първоначално подаване на клон"
+#: wt-status.c:1852
+msgid "different"
+msgstr "различен"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1550
-msgid "gone"
-msgstr "изтрит"
-
-#: wt-status.c:1552 wt-status.c:1560
+#: wt-status.c:1854 wt-status.c:1862
 msgid "behind "
 msgstr "назад � "
 
-#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:55 builtin/clone.c:357
+#: wt-status.c:1857 wt-status.c:1860
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr "напред � "
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the action is e.g. "pull with rebase"
+#: wt-status.c:2366
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "не може да извършите „%s“, защото има промени, които не �а в индек�а."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2372
+msgid "additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "о�вен това в индек�а има неподадени промени."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2374
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "не може да извършите „%s“, защото в индек�а има неподадени промени."
+
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:442
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
 msgstr "неу�пешно изтриване на „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:22
-msgid "git add [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+#: builtin/add.c:24
+msgid "git add [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
 msgstr "git add [ОПЦИЯ…] [--] ПЪТ…"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:65
+#: builtin/add.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
 msgstr "неочакван изходен код при генериране на разлика: %c"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:70 builtin/commit.c:275
+#: builtin/add.c:88 builtin/commit.c:266
 msgid "updating files failed"
 msgstr "неу�пешно обнов�ване на файловете"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:80
+#: builtin/add.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "remove '%s'\n"
 msgstr "изтриване на „%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:134
+#: builtin/add.c:173
 msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
 msgstr "Промени, които и �лед обнов�ването на индек�а не �а добавени към него:"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:194 builtin/rev-parse.c:785
+#: builtin/add.c:233 builtin/rev-parse.c:892
 msgid "Could not read the index"
 msgstr "Индек�ът не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:205
+#: builtin/add.c:244
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
 msgstr "Файлът „%s“ не може да бъде отворен за запи�."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:209
+#: builtin/add.c:248
 msgid "Could not write patch"
 msgstr "Кръпката не може да бъде запи�ана"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:214
+#: builtin/add.c:251
+msgid "editing patch failed"
+msgstr "неу�пешно редактиране на кръпка"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:254
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
 msgstr "�е може да �е получи информаци� чрез „stat“ за файла „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:216
+#: builtin/add.c:256
 msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
 msgstr "Празна кръпка, преу�танов�ване на дей�твието."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:221
+#: builtin/add.c:261
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
 msgstr "Кръпката „%s“ не може да бъде приложена"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:231
+#: builtin/add.c:269
 msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Следните пътища ще бъдат игнорирани �поред н�кой от файловете „.gitignore“:\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:248 builtin/clean.c:875 builtin/fetch.c:108 builtin/mv.c:110
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/push.c:499 builtin/remote.c:1375
-#: builtin/rm.c:269
+#: builtin/add.c:289 builtin/clean.c:911 builtin/fetch.c:145 builtin/mv.c:123
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/pull.c:212 builtin/push.c:557
+#: builtin/remote.c:1342 builtin/rm.c:240 builtin/send-pack.c:165
 msgid "dry run"
-msgstr "пробно изпълнeние"
-
-#: builtin/add.c:249 builtin/apply.c:4415 builtin/check-ignore.c:19
-#: builtin/commit.c:1362 builtin/count-objects.c:63 builtin/fsck.c:608
-#: builtin/log.c:1617 builtin/mv.c:109 builtin/read-tree.c:114
-msgid "be verbose"
-msgstr "повече подробно�ти"
+msgstr "пробно изпълнение"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:251
+#: builtin/add.c:292
 msgid "interactive picking"
 msgstr "интерактивно отбиране на промени"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:252 builtin/checkout.c:1108 builtin/reset.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:293 builtin/checkout.c:1135 builtin/reset.c:302
 msgid "select hunks interactively"
 msgstr "интерактивен избор на парчета код"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:253
+#: builtin/add.c:294
 msgid "edit current diff and apply"
 msgstr "редактиране на текущата разлика и прилагане"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:254
+#: builtin/add.c:295
 msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
 msgstr "добав�не и на иначе игнорираните файлове"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:255
+#: builtin/add.c:296
 msgid "update tracked files"
 msgstr "обнов�ване на �ледените файлове"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:256
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "renormalize EOL of tracked files (implies -u)"
+msgstr "уеднакв�ване на знаците за край на файл (включва опци�та „-u“)"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:298
 msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
 msgstr "отбел�зване �амо на факта, че път�т ще бъде добавен по-къ�но"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:257
+#: builtin/add.c:299
 msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr "добав�не на в�ички промени в �ледените и не�ледените файлове"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:260
+#: builtin/add.c:302
 msgid "ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"
 msgstr ""
 "игнориране на пътищата, които �а изтрити от работното дърво (�ъщото като „--"
 "no-all“)"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:262
+#: builtin/add.c:304
 msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
 msgstr "без добав�не на нови файлове, �амо обнов�ване на индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:263
+#: builtin/add.c:305
 msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
 msgstr ""
 "пре�качане на файловете, които не могат да бъдат добавени поради грешки"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:264
+#: builtin/add.c:306
 msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
 msgstr ""
 "проверка, че при пробно изпълнение в�ички файлове, дори и изтритите, �е "
 "игнорират"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:307 builtin/update-index.c:974
+msgid "(+/-)x"
+msgstr "(+/-)x"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:307 builtin/update-index.c:975
+msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
+msgstr "изрично задаване на �тойно�тта на флага дали файлът е изпълним"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:309
+msgid "warn when adding an embedded repository"
+msgstr "предупреждаване при добав�не на вградено хранилище"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You've added another git repository inside your current repository.\n"
+"Clones of the outer repository will not contain the contents of\n"
+"the embedded repository and will not know how to obtain it.\n"
+"If you meant to add a submodule, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If you added this path by mistake, you can remove it from the\n"
+"index with:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"See \"git help submodule\" for more information."
+msgstr ""
+"Изтеглили �те допълнително хранилище в текущото.  Когато клонирате "
+"обхващащото\n"
+"хранилище н�ма да получите вграденото, защото външното хранилище н�ма "
+"пред�тава\n"
+"за вътрешното.  За да добавите подмодул, изпълнете:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git submodule add �ДРЕС %s\n"
+"\n"
+"�ко добав�нето е грешка, може да го извадите от индек�а � командата:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"За повече информаци� погледнете „git help submodule“."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:352
+#, c-format
+msgid "adding embedded git repository: %s"
+msgstr "добав�не на вградено хранилище: %s"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:370
 #, c-format
 msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
 msgstr "Използвайте опци�та „-f“, за да ги добавите наи�тина.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:287
-msgid "no files added"
-msgstr "не �а добавени файлове"
-
-#: builtin/add.c:293
+#: builtin/add.c:378
 msgid "adding files failed"
 msgstr "неу�пешно добав�не на файлове"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:329
+#: builtin/add.c:416
 msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
 msgstr "опциите „-A“ и „-u“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:336
+#: builtin/add.c:423
 msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
 msgstr "Опци�та „--ignore-missing“ е �ъвме�тима �амо � „--dry-run“"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:357
+#: builtin/add.c:427
+#, c-format
+msgid "--chmod param '%s' must be either -x or +x"
+msgstr "параметърът към „--chmod“ — „%s“ може да е или „-x“, или „+x“"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:442
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
 msgstr "�ищо не е зададено и нищо не е добавено.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:358
+#: builtin/add.c:443
 #, c-format
 msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
 msgstr "Веро�тно и�кахте да използвате „git add .“?\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:363 builtin/check-ignore.c:172 builtin/clean.c:919
-#: builtin/commit.c:333 builtin/mv.c:130 builtin/reset.c:235 builtin/rm.c:299
+#: builtin/add.c:448 builtin/check-ignore.c:177 builtin/checkout.c:280
+#: builtin/checkout.c:483 builtin/clean.c:958 builtin/commit.c:325
+#: builtin/diff-tree.c:114 builtin/mv.c:144 builtin/reset.c:241
+#: builtin/rm.c:270 builtin/submodule--helper.c:328
 msgid "index file corrupt"
 msgstr "файлът � индек�а е повреден"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:446 builtin/apply.c:4510 builtin/mv.c:279 builtin/rm.c:431
-msgid "Unable to write new index file"
-msgstr "�ови�т индек� не може да бъде запи�ан"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:58
-msgid "git apply [options] [<patch>...]"
-msgstr "git apply [ОПЦИЯ…] [КРЪПК�…]"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:111
-#, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
-msgstr "непозната опци� за знаците за интервали „%s“"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:126
-#, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
-msgstr "непозната опци� за игнориране на знаците за интервали „%s“"
+#: builtin/am.c:414
+msgid "could not parse author script"
+msgstr "�криптът за автор не може да �е анализира"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:826
+#: builtin/am.c:498
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
-msgstr "Регул�рни�т израз за времето „%s“ не може за бъде компилиран"
+msgid "'%s' was deleted by the applypatch-msg hook"
+msgstr "„%s“ бе изтрит от куката „applypatch-msg“"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:835
+#: builtin/am.c:539
 #, c-format
-msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
-msgstr "Регул�рни�т израз върна %d при подадена по�ледователно�т „%s“ на входа"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:916
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
-msgstr "Лип�ва име на файл на ред %d от кръпката"
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "Дадени�т входен ред е � неправилен формат: „%s“."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:948
+#: builtin/am.c:576
 #, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
-msgstr ""
-"git apply: лош изход от командата „git-diff“ — на ред %2$d �е очакваше „/dev/"
-"null“, а бе получен „%1$s“"
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Бележката не може да �е копира от „%s“ към „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:952
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
-msgstr ""
-"git apply: лош изход от командата „git-diff“ — на ред %d бе получено "
-"неправилно име на нов файл"
+#: builtin/am.c:602
+msgid "fseek failed"
+msgstr "неу�пешно изпълнение на „fseek“"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:953
+#: builtin/am.c:790
 #, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
-msgstr ""
-"git apply: лош изход от командата „git-diff“ — на ред %d бе получено "
-"неправилно име на �тар файл"
+msgid "could not parse patch '%s'"
+msgstr "кръпката „%s“ не може да �е анализира"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:960
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:855
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
 msgstr ""
-"git apply: лош изход от командата „git-diff“ — на ред %d �е очакваше „/dev/"
-"null“"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:1423
-#, c-format
-msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
-msgstr "при повторното пребро�ване бе получен неочакван ред: „%.*s“"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:1480
-#, c-format
-msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
-msgstr "ча�т от кръпка без заглавна ча�т на ред %d: %.*s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:1497
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
-"component (line %d)"
-msgid_plural ""
-"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
-"components (line %d)"
-msgstr[0] ""
-"След �ъкращаването на %d-та ча�т от компонентите на път�, в заглавната ча�т "
-"на „git diff“ лип�ва информаци� за име на файл (ред: %d)"
-msgstr[1] ""
-"След �ъкращаването на първите %d ча�ти от компонентите на път�, в заглавната "
-"ча�т на „git diff“ лип�ва информаци� за име на файл (ред: %d)"
+"Само една поредица от кръпки от „StGIT“ може да бъде прилагана в даден момент"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1657
-msgid "new file depends on old contents"
-msgstr "нови�т файл зави�и от �тарото �ъдържание на файла"
+#: builtin/am.c:903
+msgid "invalid timestamp"
+msgstr "неправилна �тойно�т за време"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1659
-msgid "deleted file still has contents"
-msgstr "изтрити�т файл не е празен"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:1685
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
-msgstr "грешка в кръпката на ред %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:908 builtin/am.c:920
+msgid "invalid Date line"
+msgstr "неправилен ред за дата „Date“"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1721
-#, c-format
-msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
-msgstr "нови�т файл „%s“ зави�и от �тарото �ъдържание на файла"
+#: builtin/am.c:915
+msgid "invalid timezone offset"
+msgstr "неправилно отме�тване на ча�ови� по��"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1723
-#, c-format
-msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
-msgstr "изтрити�т файл „%s“ не е празен"
+#: builtin/am.c:1008
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr "Форматът на кръпката не може да бъде определен."
 
-# FIXME - double **??
-#: builtin/apply.c:1726
+#: builtin/am.c:1013 builtin/clone.c:407
 #, c-format
-msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
-msgstr "�� предупреждение: файлът „%s“ вече е празен, но не е изтрит"
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "директори�та „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздадена"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1872
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
-msgstr "грешка в двоичната кръпка на ред %d: %.*s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1018
+msgid "Failed to split patches."
+msgstr "Кръпките не могат да бъдат разделени."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1901
-#, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
-msgstr "неразпозната двоичната кръпка на ред %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:1148 builtin/commit.c:351
+msgid "unable to write index file"
+msgstr "индек�ът не може да бъде запи�ан"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2052
+#: builtin/am.c:1162
 #, c-format
-msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
-msgstr "кръпката е � изц�ло повредени данни на ред %d"
+msgid "When you have resolved this problem, run \"%s --continue\"."
+msgstr "След коригирането на този проблем изпълнете „%s --continue“."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2142
+#: builtin/am.c:1163
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
-msgstr "�имволната връзка „%s“ не може да бъде прочетена"
+msgid "If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"%s --skip\" instead."
+msgstr "�ко предпочитате да пре�кочите тази кръпка, изпълнете „%s --skip“."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2146
+#: builtin/am.c:1164
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to open or read %s"
-msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде отворен или прочетен"
+msgid "To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"%s --abort\"."
+msgstr "За да �е върнете към първоначалното �ъ�то�ние, изпълнете „%s --abort“."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2754
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
-msgstr "неправилно начало на ред: „%c“"
+#: builtin/am.c:1271
+msgid "Patch is empty."
+msgstr "Кръпката е празна."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2872
+#: builtin/am.c:1337
 #, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
-msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
-msgstr[0] ""
-"%d-то парче код бе у�пешно приложено на ред %d (отме�тване от %d ред)."
-msgstr[1] ""
-"%d-то парче код бе у�пешно приложено на ред %d (отме�тване от %d реда)."
+msgid "invalid ident line: %.*s"
+msgstr "грешен ред � идентично�т: %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2884
+#: builtin/am.c:1359
 #, c-format
-msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
-msgstr ""
-"Контек�тът е намален на (%ld/%ld) за прилагането на парчето код на ред %d"
+msgid "unable to parse commit %s"
+msgstr "подаването не може да бъде анализирано: %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2890
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"while searching for:\n"
-"%.*s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1554
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
 msgstr ""
-"при тър�ене за:\n"
-"%.*s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:2909
-#, c-format
-msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
-msgstr "лип�ват данните за двоичната кръпка за „%s“"
+"В хранилището лип�ват необходимите обекти-BLOB, за да �е премине към тройно "
+"�ливане."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3010
-#, c-format
-msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
-msgstr "двоичната кръпка не може да бъде приложена върху „%s“"
+#: builtin/am.c:1556
+msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
+msgstr "Базовото дърво �е рекон�труира от информаци�та в индек�а…"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3016
-#, c-format
-msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+#: builtin/am.c:1575
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
 msgstr ""
-"двоичната кръпка за „%s“ води до неправилни резултати (очакваше �е SHA1: "
-"„%s“, а бе получено: „%s“)"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3037
-#, c-format
-msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
-msgstr "неу�пешно прилагане на кръпка: „%s:%ld“"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3161
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot checkout %s"
-msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е изтегли"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3206 builtin/apply.c:3215 builtin/apply.c:3260
-#, c-format
-msgid "read of %s failed"
-msgstr "неу�пешно прочитане на „%s“"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3240 builtin/apply.c:3462
-#, c-format
-msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
-msgstr "обектът � път „%s“ е преименуван или изтрит"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3321 builtin/apply.c:3476
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
-msgstr "„%s“ не �ъще�твува в индек�а"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3325 builtin/apply.c:3468 builtin/apply.c:3490
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: %s"
-msgstr "„%s“: %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3330 builtin/apply.c:3484
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not match index"
-msgstr "„%s“ не �ъответ�тва на индек�а"
+"Кръпката не може да �е приложи към обектите-BLOB в индек�а.\n"
+"Да не би да �те � редактирали на ръка?"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3432
-msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
-msgstr "изтриващата кръпка о�тав� файла непразен"
+#: builtin/am.c:1581
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr "Преминаване към прилагане на кръпка към базата и тройно �ливане…"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3501
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: wrong type"
-msgstr "„%s“: неправилен вид"
+#: builtin/am.c:1606
+msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
+msgstr "�еу�пешно �ливане на промените."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3503
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
-msgstr "„%s“ е от вид „%o“, а �е очакваше „%o“"
+#: builtin/am.c:1637
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr "прилагане върху празна и�тори�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3604
+#: builtin/am.c:1683 builtin/am.c:1687
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in index"
-msgstr "„%s“: вече �ъще�твува в индек�а"
+msgid "cannot resume: %s does not exist."
+msgstr "не може да �е продължи — „%s“ не �ъще�твува."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3607
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
-msgstr "„%s“: вече �ъще�твува в работната директори�"
+#: builtin/am.c:1703
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr ""
+"За интерактивно изпълнение е необходимо �тандартни�т\n"
+"вход да е �вързан � терминал, а в момента не е."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3627
-#, c-format
-msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
-msgstr "новите права за до�тъп (%o) на „%s“ не �ъвпадат �ъ� �тарите (%o)"
+#: builtin/am.c:1708
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
+msgstr "Т�лото на кръпката за прилагане е:"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3632
-#, c-format
-msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#.
+#: builtin/am.c:1718
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all: "
 msgstr ""
-"новите права за до�тъп (%o) на „%s“ не �ъвпадат �ъ� �тарите (%o) на „%s“"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3640
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
-msgstr "Кръпката „%s“ не може да бъде приложена"
+"Прилагане? „y“ — да/„n“ — не/„e“ — редактиране/„v“ — преглед/„a“ — приемане "
+"на в�ичко:"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3653
+#: builtin/am.c:1768
 #, c-format
-msgid "Checking patch %s..."
-msgstr "Провер�ване на кръпката „%s“…"
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr ""
+"Индек�ът не е чи�т: кръпките не могат да бъдат приложени (замър�ени �а: %s)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3746 builtin/checkout.c:213 builtin/reset.c:135
+#: builtin/am.c:1808 builtin/am.c:1879
 #, c-format
-msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
-msgstr "неу�пешно �ъздаване на запи� в кеша чрез „make_cache_entry“ за „%s“"
+msgid "Applying: %.*s"
+msgstr "Прилагане: %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3889
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
-msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е извади от индек�а"
+#: builtin/am.c:1824
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr "Без промени — кръпката вече е приложена."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3918
+#: builtin/am.c:1832
 #, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
-msgstr "повредена кръпка за модула „%s“"
+msgid "Patch failed at %s %.*s"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно прилагане на кръпка при %s %.*s“"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3922
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+#: builtin/am.c:1838
+msgid "Use 'git am --show-current-patch' to see the failed patch"
 msgstr ""
-"не може да �е получи информаци� чрез „stat“ за ново�ъздадени� файл „%s“"
+"За да видите неу�пешно приложени кръпки, използвайте опци�та „git am --show-"
+"current-patch“ to see the failed patch"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3927
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1882
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
 msgstr ""
-"не може да �е за �ъздаде м��тото за �ъхранение на ново�ъздадени� файл „%s“"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3930 builtin/apply.c:4038
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
-msgstr "не може да �е добави запи� в кеша за „%s“"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3963
-#, c-format
-msgid "closing file '%s'"
-msgstr "затвар�не на файла „%s“"
+"Без промени — възможно е да не �те изпълнили „git add“.\n"
+"�ко н�ма друга пром�на за включване в индек�а, най-веро�тно н�ко� друга\n"
+"кръпка е довела до �ъщите промени и в такъв �лучай про�то пропу�нете тази."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4012
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
-msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да �е запише � режим на до�тъп „%o“"
+#: builtin/am.c:1889
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index.\n"
+"You should 'git add' each file with resolved conflicts to mark them as "
+"such.\n"
+"You might run `git rm` on a file to accept \"deleted by them\" for it."
+msgstr ""
+"Индек�ът в�е още �ъдържа не�лети промени.\n"
+"След корекци� на конфликтите изпълнете „git add“ върху поправените файлове.\n"
+"За да приемете „изтрити от т�х“, изпълнете „git rm“ върху изтритите файлове."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4099
+#: builtin/am.c:1996 builtin/am.c:2000 builtin/am.c:2012 builtin/reset.c:324
+#: builtin/reset.c:332
 #, c-format
-msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
-msgstr "Кръпката „%s“ бе приложена чи�то."
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4107
-msgid "internal error"
-msgstr "вътрешна грешка"
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr "„%s“ не е разпознат като обект."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4110
-#, c-format
-msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
-msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
-msgstr[0] "Прилагане на кръпката „%%s“ � %d отхвърлено парче…"
-msgstr[1] "Прилагане на кръпката „%%s“ � %d отхвърлени парчета…"
+#: builtin/am.c:2048
+msgid "failed to clean index"
+msgstr "индек�ът не може да бъде изчи�тен"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4120
-#, c-format
-msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
-msgstr "�ъкращаване на името на файла � отхвърлените парчета на „ %.*s.rej“"
+#: builtin/am.c:2083
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"Изглежда указател�т „HEAD“ е променен и не �очи към �ъщи� обект както по "
+"времето\n"
+"на по�ледното неу�пешно изпълнение на „git am“.  Указател�т �е задава да "
+"�очи към\n"
+"„ORIG_HEAD“"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4141
+#: builtin/am.c:2174
 #, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
-msgstr "%d-то парче бе у�пешно приложено."
+msgid "Invalid value for --patch-format: %s"
+msgstr "�еправилна �тойно�т за „--patch-format“: „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4144
-#, c-format
-msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
-msgstr "%d-то парче бе отхвърлено."
+#: builtin/am.c:2210
+msgid "git am [<options>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"
+msgstr "git am [ОПЦИЯ…] [(Ф�ЙЛ_С_ПОЩ�|ДИРЕКТОРИЯ_С_ПОЩ�)…]"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4234
-msgid "unrecognized input"
-msgstr "непознат вход"
+#: builtin/am.c:2211
+msgid "git am [<options>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
+msgstr "git am [ОПЦИЯ…] (--continue | --quit | --abort)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4245
-msgid "unable to read index file"
-msgstr "индек�ът не може да бъде запи�ан"
+#: builtin/am.c:2217
+msgid "run interactively"
+msgstr "интерактивна работа"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4362 builtin/apply.c:4365 builtin/clone.c:91
-#: builtin/fetch.c:93
-msgid "path"
-msgstr "път"
+#: builtin/am.c:2219
+msgid "historical option -- no-op"
+msgstr "изо�тавена опци�, �ъще�твува по и�ториче�ки причини, нищо не прави"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4363
-msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
-msgstr "без прилагане на промените напа�ващи на дадени� път"
+#: builtin/am.c:2221
+msgid "allow fall back on 3way merging if needed"
+msgstr "да �е преминава към тройно �ливане при нужда."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4366
-msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
-msgstr "прилагане на промените напа�ващи на дадени� път"
+#: builtin/am.c:2222 builtin/init-db.c:484 builtin/prune-packed.c:57
+#: builtin/repack.c:192
+msgid "be quiet"
+msgstr "без извеждане на информаци�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4368
-msgid "num"
-msgstr "БРОЙ"
+#: builtin/am.c:2224
+msgid "add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message"
+msgstr "добав�не на ред за подпи� „Signed-off-by“ в �ъобщението за подаване"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4369
-msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
-msgstr "премахване на този БРОЙ водещи елементи от пътищата в разликата"
+#: builtin/am.c:2227
+msgid "recode into utf8 (default)"
+msgstr "прекодиране в UTF-8 (�тандартно)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4372
-msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
-msgstr "игнориране на редовете добавени от тази кръпка"
+#: builtin/am.c:2229
+msgid "pass -k flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "подаване на опци�та „-k“ на командата „git-mailinfo“"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4374
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
-msgstr "извеждане на �тати�тика на промените без прилагане на кръпката"
+#: builtin/am.c:2231
+msgid "pass -b flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "подаване на опци�та „-b“ на командата „git-mailinfo“"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4378
-msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
-msgstr "извеждане на бро� на добавените и изтритите редове"
+#: builtin/am.c:2233
+msgid "pass -m flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "подаване на опци�та „-m“ на командата „git-mailinfo“"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4380
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
-msgstr "извеждане на �тати�тика на входните данни без прилагане на кръпката"
+#: builtin/am.c:2235
+msgid "pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit for mbox format"
+msgstr ""
+"подаване на опци�та „--keep-cr“ на командата „git-mailsplit“ за формат „mbox“"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4382
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
-msgstr "проверка дали кръпката може да �е приложи, без дей�твително прилагане"
+#: builtin/am.c:2238
+msgid "do not pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit independent of am.keepcr"
+msgstr ""
+"без подаване на опци�та „--keep-cr“ на командата „git-mailsplit“ незави�имо "
+"от „am.keepcr“"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4384
-msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
-msgstr "проверка дали кръпката може да бъде приложена към текущи� индек�"
+#: builtin/am.c:2241
+msgid "strip everything before a scissors line"
+msgstr "пропу�кане на в�ичко преди реда за отр�зване"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4386
-msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
-msgstr "прилагане на кръпката без пром�на на работното дърво"
+#: builtin/am.c:2243 builtin/am.c:2246 builtin/am.c:2249 builtin/am.c:2252
+#: builtin/am.c:2255 builtin/am.c:2258 builtin/am.c:2261 builtin/am.c:2264
+#: builtin/am.c:2270
+msgid "pass it through git-apply"
+msgstr "прекарване през „git-apply“"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4388
-msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
-msgstr ""
-"кръпката да бъде приложена. Опци�та �е комбинира � „--check“/„--stat“/„--"
-"summary“"
+#: builtin/am.c:2260 builtin/commit.c:1332 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:668 builtin/grep.c:853 builtin/merge.c:208
+#: builtin/pull.c:150 builtin/pull.c:208 builtin/repack.c:201
+#: builtin/repack.c:205 builtin/repack.c:207 builtin/show-branch.c:631
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:169 builtin/tag.c:383 parse-options.h:144
+#: parse-options.h:146 parse-options.h:258
+msgid "n"
+msgstr "БРОЙ"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4390
-msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
-msgstr "пробване � тройно �ливане, ако кръпката не може да �е приложи директно"
+#: builtin/am.c:2266 builtin/branch.c:632 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38
+#: builtin/replace.c:543 builtin/tag.c:419 builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format"
+msgstr "ФОРМ�Т"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4392
-msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
-msgstr ""
-"�ъздаване на временен индек� на база на включената информаци� за индек�а"
+#: builtin/am.c:2267
+msgid "format the patch(es) are in"
+msgstr "формат на кръпките"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4394 builtin/checkout-index.c:198 builtin/ls-files.c:455
-msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
-msgstr "раздел�не на пътищата � нулеви� знак „NUL“"
+#: builtin/am.c:2273
+msgid "override error message when patch failure occurs"
+msgstr "избрано от ва� �ъобщение за грешка при прилагане на кръпки"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4397
-msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
-msgstr "да �е о�игури контек�т от поне такъв БРОЙ �ъвпадащи редове"
+#: builtin/am.c:2275
+msgid "continue applying patches after resolving a conflict"
+msgstr "продължаване на прилагането на кръпки �лед коригирането на конфликт"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4398
-msgid "action"
-msgstr "дей�твие"
+#: builtin/am.c:2278
+msgid "synonyms for --continue"
+msgstr "�иноними на „--continue“"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4399
-msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
-msgstr "за�ичане на нови или променени редове � грешки в знаците за интервали"
+#: builtin/am.c:2281
+msgid "skip the current patch"
+msgstr "пре�качане на текущата кръпка"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4402 builtin/apply.c:4405
-msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+#: builtin/am.c:2284
+msgid "restore the original branch and abort the patching operation."
 msgstr ""
-"игнориране на промените в знаците за интервали при откриване на контек�та"
+"въз�танов�ване на първоначалното �ъ�то�ние на клона и преу�танов�ване на "
+"прилагането на кръпката."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4408
-msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
-msgstr "прилагане на кръпката в обратна по�ока"
+#: builtin/am.c:2287
+msgid "abort the patching operation but keep HEAD where it is."
+msgstr ""
+"преу�танов�ване на прилагането на кръпката без пром�на към кое �очи „HEAD“."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4410
-msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
-msgstr "без изи�кване на дори и един ред контек�т"
+#: builtin/am.c:2290
+msgid "show the patch being applied."
+msgstr "показване на прилаганата кръпка."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4412
-msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
-msgstr "о�тав�не на отхвърлените парчета във файлове � разширение „.rej“"
+#: builtin/am.c:2294
+msgid "lie about committer date"
+msgstr "дата за подаване различна от първоначалната"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4414
-msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
-msgstr "позвол�ване на за�тъпващи �е парчета"
+#: builtin/am.c:2296
+msgid "use current timestamp for author date"
+msgstr "използване на текущото време като това за автор"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4417
-msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
-msgstr "пренебрегване на неправилно лип�ващ знак за нов ред в кра� на файл"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4420
-msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
-msgstr "без довер�ване на номерата на редовете в заглавните ча�ти на парчетата"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4422
-msgid "root"
-msgstr "��Ч�Л��_ДИРЕКТОРИЯ"
+#: builtin/am.c:2298 builtin/commit.c:1468 builtin/merge.c:239
+#: builtin/pull.c:183 builtin/revert.c:112 builtin/tag.c:399
+msgid "key-id"
+msgstr "ИДЕ�ТИФИК�ТОР_��_КЛЮЧ"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4423
-msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
-msgstr "добав�не на тази ��Ч�Л��_ДИРЕКТОРИЯ към имената на в�ички файлове"
+#: builtin/am.c:2299
+msgid "GPG-sign commits"
+msgstr "подпи�ване на подавани�та � GPG"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4445
-msgid "--3way outside a repository"
-msgstr "като „--3way“, но извън хранилище"
+#: builtin/am.c:2302
+msgid "(internal use for git-rebase)"
+msgstr "(ползва �е вътрешно за „git-rebase“)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4453
-msgid "--index outside a repository"
-msgstr "като „--index“, но извън хранилище"
+#: builtin/am.c:2320
+msgid ""
+"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
+msgstr ""
+"Опциите „-b“/„--binary“ отдавна не прав�т нищо и\n"
+"ще бъдат премахнати в бъдеще.  �е ги ползвайте."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4456
-msgid "--cached outside a repository"
-msgstr "като „--cached“, но извън хранилище"
+#: builtin/am.c:2327
+msgid "failed to read the index"
+msgstr "неу�пешно изчитане на индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4472
+#: builtin/am.c:2342
 #, c-format
-msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
-msgstr "кръпката „%s“ не може да бъде отворена"
+msgid "previous rebase directory %s still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr ""
+"предишната директори� за пребазиране „%s“ в�е още �ъще�твува, а е зададен "
+"файл „mbox“."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4486
+#: builtin/am.c:2366
 #, c-format
-msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
-msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
-msgstr[0] "пренебрегната е %d грешка в знаците за интервали"
-msgstr[1] "пренебрегнати �а %d грешки в знаците за интервали"
+msgid ""
+"Stray %s directory found.\n"
+"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
+msgstr ""
+"Открита е излишна директори� „%s“.\n"
+"Можете да � изтриете � командата „git am --abort“."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4492 builtin/apply.c:4502
-#, c-format
-msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
-msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
-msgstr[0] "%d ред добав� грешки в знаците за интервали."
-msgstr[1] "%d реда добав�т грешки в знаците за интервали."
+#: builtin/am.c:2372
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr "В момента не тече операци� по коригиране и н�ма как да �е продължи."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:8
+msgid "git apply [<options>] [<patch>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [ОПЦИЯ…] [КРЪПК�…]"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:17
 #, c-format
@@ -2807,19 +6169,15 @@ msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
 msgstr "git archive: Лип�ва адре� за отдалеченото хранилище"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:58
-msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
-msgstr "git archive: очакваше �е „ACK“/„NAK“, а бе получен „EOF“"
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr ""
+"git archive: очакваше �е „ACK“/„NAK“, а бе получен изчи�тващ пакет „flush“"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
 msgstr "git archive: получен е „NACK“ — %s"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:63
-#, c-format
-msgid "remote error: %s"
-msgstr "отдалечена грешка: %s"
-
 #: builtin/archive.c:64
 msgid "git archive: protocol error"
 msgstr "git archive: протоколна грешка"
@@ -2828,495 +6186,612 @@ msgstr "git archive: протоколна грешка"
 msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
 msgstr "git archive: очакваше �е изчи�тване на буферите чрез „flush“"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:7
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:12
 msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
 msgstr "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:17
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:13
+msgid "git bisect--helper --write-terms <bad_term> <good_term>"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --write-terms ЛОШО ДОБРО"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:14
+msgid "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid term"
+msgstr "„%s“ е неправилна управл�ваща дума"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't use the builtin command '%s' as a term"
+msgstr "„%s“ е вградена команда и не може да �е използва като управл�ваща дума"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't change the meaning of the term '%s'"
+msgstr "не може да �мените значението на управл�ващата дума „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:71
+msgid "please use two different terms"
+msgstr "използвайте две различни управл�ващи думи"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:78
+msgid "could not open the file BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "файлът „BISECT_TERMS“ не може да �е отвори"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:120
 msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
 msgstr "извършване на „git bisect next“"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:19
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:122
+msgid "write the terms to .git/BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "запазване на управл�ващите думи в „“.git/BISECT_TERMS„“"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:124
+msgid "cleanup the bisection state"
+msgstr "изчи�тване на �ъ�то�нието на двоичното тър�ене"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:126
+msgid "check for expected revs"
+msgstr "проверка за очакваните вер�ии"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:128
 msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
 msgstr ""
 "обнов�ване на указател� „BISECT_HEAD“ вме�то да �е използва текущото подаване"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:30
-msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
-msgstr "git blame [ОПЦИЯ…] [ОПЦИИ_З�_ВЕРСИЯТ�] [ВЕРСИЯ] [--] Ф�ЙЛ"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:143
+msgid "--write-terms requires two arguments"
+msgstr "опци�та „--write-terms“ изи�ква точно два аргумента"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:147
+msgid "--bisect-clean-state requires no arguments"
+msgstr "опци�та „--bisect-clean-state“ не приема аргументи"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:35
-msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+#: builtin/blame.c:29
+msgid "git blame [<options>] [<rev-opts>] [<rev>] [--] <file>"
+msgstr "git blame [ОПЦИЯ…] [ОПЦИЯ_З�_ВЕРСИЯТ�…] [ВЕРСИЯ] [--] Ф�ЙЛ"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:34
+msgid "<rev-opts> are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
 msgstr "ОПЦИИте_З�_ВЕРСИЯТ� �а документирани в ръковод�твото git-rev-list(1)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2501
+#: builtin/blame.c:404
+#, c-format
+msgid "expecting a color: %s"
+msgstr "тр�бва да е цв�т: %s"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:411
+msgid "must end with a color"
+msgstr "тр�бва да завършва � цв�т"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:697
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid color '%s' in color.blame.repeatedLines"
+msgstr "неправилен цв�т „%s“ в „color.blame.repeatedLines“"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:715
+msgid "invalid value for blame.coloring"
+msgstr "неправилна �тойно�т за „blame.coloring“"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:786
 msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
 msgstr "Извеждане на анотациите � намирането им, по�ледователно"
 
-# FIXME SHA-1 -> SHA1
-#: builtin/blame.c:2502
+#: builtin/blame.c:787
 msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 "Извеждане на празни �уми по SHA1 за граничните подавани� (�тандартно опци�та "
 "е изключена)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2503
+#: builtin/blame.c:788
 msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 "�ачалните подавани� да не �е �читат за гранични (�тандартно опци�та е "
 "изключена)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2504
+#: builtin/blame.c:789
 msgid "Show work cost statistics"
 msgstr "Извеждане на �тати�тика за извършените дей�тви�"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2505
+#: builtin/blame.c:790
+msgid "Force progress reporting"
+msgstr "Принудително извеждане на напредъка"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:791
 msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
 msgstr "Извеждане на допълнителна информаци� за определ�нето на анотациите"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2506
+#: builtin/blame.c:792
 msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
 msgstr ""
 "Извеждане на първоначалното име на файл (�тандартно това е автоматично)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2507
+#: builtin/blame.c:793
 msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 "Извеждане на първоначални�т номер на ред (�тандартно опци�та е изключена)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2508
+#: builtin/blame.c:794
 msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
 msgstr "Извеждане във формат за по-нататъшна обработка"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2509
+#: builtin/blame.c:795
 msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
 msgstr ""
 "Извеждане във формат за команди от потребител�ко ниво � информаци� на в�еки "
 "ред"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2510
+#: builtin/blame.c:796
 msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 "Използване на �ъщи� формат като „git-annotate“ (�тандартно опци�та е "
 "изключена)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2511
+#: builtin/blame.c:797
 msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Извеждане на неформатирани времена (�тандартно опци�та е изключена)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2512
+#: builtin/blame.c:798
 msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Извеждане на пълните �уми по SHA1 (�тандартно опци�та е изключена)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2513
+#: builtin/blame.c:799
 msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Без име на автор и време на пром�на (�тандартно опци�та е изключена)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2514
+#: builtin/blame.c:800
 msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 "Извеждане на е-пощата на автора, а не името му (�тандартно опци�та е "
 "изключена)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2515
+#: builtin/blame.c:801
 msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
 msgstr "Без разлики в знаците за интервали"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2516
+#: builtin/blame.c:802
+msgid "color redundant metadata from previous line differently"
+msgstr ""
+"оцвет�ване на повтар�щите �е метаданни от предишни� ред в различен цв�т"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:803
+msgid "color lines by age"
+msgstr "оцвет�ване на редовете по възра�т"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:810
+msgid "Use an experimental heuristic to improve diffs"
+msgstr "Подобр�ване на разликите чрез ек�периментална еври�тика"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:812
 msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
 msgstr "Допълнителни изчи�лени� за по-добри резултати"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2517
+#: builtin/blame.c:813
 msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
 msgstr "Изчитане на вер�иите от Ф�ЙЛ, а не чрез изпълнение на „git-rev-list“"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2518
+#: builtin/blame.c:814
 msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
 msgstr "Използване на �ъдържанието на Ф�ЙЛа като крайно положение"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2519 builtin/blame.c:2520
+#: builtin/blame.c:815 builtin/blame.c:816
 msgid "score"
 msgstr "напа�ване на редовете"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2519
+#: builtin/blame.c:815
 msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
 msgstr ""
 "Тър�ене на копирани редове както в рамките на един файл, така и от един файл "
 "към друг"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2520
+#: builtin/blame.c:816
 msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
 msgstr ""
 "Тър�ене на преме�тени редове както в рамките на един файл, така и от един "
 "файл към друг"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2521
+#: builtin/blame.c:817
 msgid "n,m"
 msgstr "n,m"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2521
+#: builtin/blame.c:817
 msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
 msgstr ""
-"Информаци� �амо за редовете в интервала от n до m включително. Броенето "
+"Информаци� �амо за редовете в диапазона от n до m включително.  Броенето "
 "започва от 1"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the maximum
-#. display width for a relative timestamp in "git blame"
-#. output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11 months ago", which
-#. takes 22 places, is the longest among various forms of
-#. relative timestamps, but your language may need more or
-#. fewer display columns.
-#: builtin/blame.c:2602
+#: builtin/blame.c:866
+msgid "--progress can't be used with --incremental or porcelain formats"
+msgstr ""
+"опци�та „--progress“ е не�ъвме�тима � „--incremental“ и форма̀та на командите "
+"от потребител�ко ниво"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the
+#. maximum display width for a relative timestamp in
+#. "git blame" output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11
+#. months ago", which takes 22 places, is the longest
+#. among various forms of relative timestamps, but
+#. your language may need more or fewer display
+#. columns.
+#.
+#: builtin/blame.c:917
 msgid "4 years, 11 months ago"
 msgstr "преди 4 години и 11 ме�еца"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:24
-msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+#: builtin/blame.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s has only %lu line"
+msgid_plural "file %s has only %lu lines"
+msgstr[0] "има �амо %2$lu ред във файла „%1$s“"
+msgstr[1] "има �амо %2$lu реда във файла „%1$s“"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:1049
+msgid "Blaming lines"
+msgstr "�нотирани редове"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:27
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
 msgstr "git branch [ОПЦИЯ…] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:25
-msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
+#: builtin/branch.c:28
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-l] [-f] <branch-name> [<start-point>]"
 msgstr "git branch [ОПЦИЯ…] [-l] [-f] ИМЕ_��_КЛО� [��Ч�ЛО]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:26
-msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
+#: builtin/branch.c:29
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r] (-d | -D) <branch-name>..."
 msgstr "git branch [ОПЦИЯ…] [-r] (-d | -D) ИМЕ_��_КЛО�…"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:27
-msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
+#: builtin/branch.c:30
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-m | -M) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
 msgstr "git branch [ОПЦИЯ…] (-m | -M) [СТ�Р_КЛО�] �ОВ_КЛО�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:152
+#: builtin/branch.c:31
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-c | -C) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [ОПЦИЯ…] (-c | -C) [СТ�Р_КЛО�] �ОВ_КЛО�"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:32
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+msgstr "git branch [ОПЦИЯ…] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:33
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+msgstr "git branch [ОПЦИЯ…] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:146
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
 "         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
 msgstr ""
 "изтриване на клона „%s“, който е �л�т към „%s“,\n"
-"         но още не е �л�т към върха „HEAD“."
+"    но още не е �л�т към върха „HEAD“."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:156
+#: builtin/branch.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
 "         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
 msgstr ""
 "отказване на изтриване на клона „%s“, който не е �л�т към\n"
-"         „%s“, но е �л�т към върха „HEAD“."
+"    „%s“, но е �л�т към върха „HEAD“."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:170
+#: builtin/branch.c:164
 #, c-format
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
 msgstr "Обектът-подаване за „%s“ не може да бъде открит"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:174
+#: builtin/branch.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
 "If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
 msgstr ""
-"Клонът „%s“ не е �л�т напълно. �ко �те �игурни, че и�кате\n"
+"Клонът „%s“ не е �л�т напълно.  �ко �те �игурни, че и�кате\n"
 "да го изтриете, изпълнете „git branch -D %s“."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:187
+#: builtin/branch.c:181
 msgid "Update of config-file failed"
 msgstr "�еу�пешно обнов�ване на конфигурационни� файл"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:215
+#: builtin/branch.c:212
 msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
 msgstr "Опци�та „-a“ е не�ъвме�тима � опци�та „-d“"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:221
+#: builtin/branch.c:218
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
 msgstr "Обектът-подаване, �очен от указател� „HEAD“, не може да бъде открит"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:229
+#: builtin/branch.c:232
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
-msgstr "�е можете да изтриете клона „%s“, защото в момента е текущ."
+msgid "Cannot delete branch '%s' checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "�е можете да изтриете клона „%s“, който е изтеглен в път� „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:245
+#: builtin/branch.c:247
 #, c-format
-msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
-msgstr "отдалечени�т клон „%s“ не може да бъде открит."
+msgid "remote-tracking branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "�лед�щи�т клон „%s“ не може да бъде открит."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:246
+#: builtin/branch.c:248
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr "клонът „%s“ не може да бъде открит."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:260
+#: builtin/branch.c:263
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
-msgstr "Грешка при изтриването на отдалечени� клон „%s“"
+msgid "Error deleting remote-tracking branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Грешка при изтриването на �лед�щи� клон „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:261
+#: builtin/branch.c:264
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
 msgstr "Грешка при изтриването на клона „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:268
+#: builtin/branch.c:271
 #, c-format
-msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
-msgstr "Изтрит отдалечен клон „%s“ (той �очеше към „%s“).\n"
+msgid "Deleted remote-tracking branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Изтрит �лед�щ клон „%s“ (той �очеше към „%s“).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:269
+#: builtin/branch.c:272
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
 msgstr "Изтрит клон „%s“ (той �очеше към „%s“).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:370
-#, c-format
-msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
-msgstr "клонът „%s“ не �очи към подаване"
+#: builtin/branch.c:416 builtin/tag.c:58
+msgid "unable to parse format string"
+msgstr "форматиращи�т низ не може да бъде анализиран: %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:459
+#: builtin/branch.c:453
 #, c-format
-msgid "[%s: gone]"
-msgstr "[%s: изтрит]"
+msgid "Branch %s is being rebased at %s"
+msgstr "Клонът „%s“ �е пребазира върху „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:464
+#: builtin/branch.c:457
 #, c-format
-msgid "[%s]"
-msgstr "[%s]"
+msgid "Branch %s is being bisected at %s"
+msgstr "Тър�и �е двоично в клона „%s“ при „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:469
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
-msgstr "[%s: назад � %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:471
-#, c-format
-msgid "[behind %d]"
-msgstr "[назад � %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:475
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
-msgstr "[%s: напред � %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:477
-#, c-format
-msgid "[ahead %d]"
-msgstr "[напред � %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:480
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
-msgstr "[%s: напред � %d, назад � %d]"
+#: builtin/branch.c:474
+msgid "cannot copy the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr "не можете да копирате текущи� клон, защото �те извън който и да е клон"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:483
-#, c-format
-msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
-msgstr "[напред � %d, назад � %d]"
-
-# FIXME ** how many??
-#: builtin/branch.c:496
-msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
-msgstr " ���� неправилен указател ����"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:587
-#, c-format
-msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
-msgstr "(извън клон, пребазиране на „%s“)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:590
-#, c-format
-msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
-msgstr "(извън клон, двоично тър�ене от „%s“)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:593
-#, c-format
-msgid "(detached from %s)"
-msgstr "(�ъ�то�ние, не�вързано към „%s“)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:596
-msgid "(no branch)"
-msgstr "(извън клон)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:643
-#, c-format
-msgid "object '%s' does not point to a commit"
-msgstr "обектът „%s“ не �очи към подаване"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:691
-msgid "some refs could not be read"
-msgstr "н�кои указатели не могат да бъдат прочетени"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:704
+#: builtin/branch.c:476
 msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
 msgstr ""
 "не можете да преименувате текущи� клон, защото �те извън който и да е клон"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:714
+#: builtin/branch.c:487
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
 msgstr "�еправилно име на клон: „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:729
+#: builtin/branch.c:514
 msgid "Branch rename failed"
 msgstr "�еу�пешно преименуване на клон"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:733
+#: builtin/branch.c:516
+msgid "Branch copy failed"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно копиране на клон"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:520
+#, c-format
+msgid "Created a copy of a misnamed branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Клонът � неправилно име „%s“ е копиран"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:523
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
-msgstr "�а клона � неправилно име „%s“ е дадено �лужебно име"
+msgstr "Клонът � неправилно име „%s“ е преименуван"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:737
+#: builtin/branch.c:529
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
 msgstr "Клонът е преименуван на „%s“, но указател�т „HEAD“ не е обновен"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:744
+#: builtin/branch.c:538
 msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
 msgstr "Клонът е преименуван, но конфигурационни�т файл не е обновен"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:759
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name %s"
-msgstr "неправилно име на обект „%s“"
+#: builtin/branch.c:540
+msgid "Branch is copied, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "Клонът е копиран, но конфигурационни�т файл не е обновен"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:783
+#: builtin/branch.c:556
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
-msgstr "шаблонът за опи�ание на клон не бе запи�ан: „%s“"
+msgid ""
+"Please edit the description for the branch\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be stripped.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Въведете опи�ание на клона.\n"
+"    %s\n"
+"Редовете, които започват � „%c“, ще бъдат пропу�нати.\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:813
+#: builtin/branch.c:589
 msgid "Generic options"
 msgstr "Общи на�тройки"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:815
+#: builtin/branch.c:591
 msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
 msgstr ""
-"извеждане на хеша и темата. Повтар�нето на опци�та прибав� отдалечените клони"
+"извеждане на хеша и темата.  Повтар�нето на опци�та прибав� отдалечените "
+"клони"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:816
+#: builtin/branch.c:592
 msgid "suppress informational messages"
 msgstr "без информационни �ъобщени�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:817
+#: builtin/branch.c:593
 msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
 msgstr "задаване на режима на �ледене (виж git-pull(1))"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:819
-msgid "change upstream info"
-msgstr "�м�на на �ледени� клон"
+#: builtin/branch.c:595
+msgid "do not use"
+msgstr "да не �е ползва"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
+msgid "upstream"
+msgstr "клон-източник"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
+msgid "change the upstream info"
+msgstr "�м�на на клона-източник"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:823
+#: builtin/branch.c:598
+msgid "Unset the upstream info"
+msgstr "без клон-източник"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:599
 msgid "use colored output"
 msgstr "цветен изход"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:824
+#: builtin/branch.c:600
 msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "дей�твие върху �лед�щите клони"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:827 builtin/branch.c:833 builtin/branch.c:854
-#: builtin/branch.c:860 builtin/commit.c:1622 builtin/commit.c:1623
-#: builtin/commit.c:1624 builtin/commit.c:1625 builtin/tag.c:616
-#: builtin/tag.c:622
-msgid "commit"
-msgstr "подаване"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:828 builtin/branch.c:834
+#: builtin/branch.c:602 builtin/branch.c:604
 msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
-msgstr "извеждане �амо на клоните, които �ъдържат това подаване"
+msgstr "извеждане �амо на клоните, които �ъдържат това ПОД�В��Е"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:603 builtin/branch.c:605
+msgid "print only branches that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "извеждане �амо на клоните, които не �ъдържат това ПОД�В��Е"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:840
+#: builtin/branch.c:608
 msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
 msgstr "Специални дей�тви� на „git-branch“:"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:841
+#: builtin/branch.c:609
 msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "извеждане както на �лед�щите, така и на локалните клони"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:843
+#: builtin/branch.c:611
 msgid "delete fully merged branch"
 msgstr "изтриване на клони, които �а напълно �лети"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:844
+#: builtin/branch.c:612
 msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
 msgstr "изтриване и на клони, които не �а напълно �лети"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:845
+#: builtin/branch.c:613
 msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
 msgstr ""
 "преме�тване/преименуване на клон и принадлежащи�т му журнал на указателите"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:846
+#: builtin/branch.c:614
 msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
 msgstr "преме�тване/преименуване на клон, дори ако има вече клон � такова име"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:847
+#: builtin/branch.c:615
+msgid "copy a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr "копиране на клон и принадлежащи� му журнал на указателите"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:616
+msgid "copy a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr "копиране на клон, дори ако има вече клон � такова име"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:617
 msgid "list branch names"
 msgstr "извеждане на имената на клоните"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:848
+#: builtin/branch.c:618
 msgid "create the branch's reflog"
 msgstr "�ъздаване на журнала на указателите на клона"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:850
+#: builtin/branch.c:620
 msgid "edit the description for the branch"
 msgstr "редактиране на опи�анието на клона"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:851
-msgid "force creation (when already exists)"
-msgstr "принудително �ъздаване, дори ако �ъще�твува клон � такова име"
+#: builtin/branch.c:621
+msgid "force creation, move/rename, deletion"
+msgstr "принудително �ъздаване, преме�тване, преименуване, изтриване"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:854
-msgid "print only not merged branches"
-msgstr "извеждане �амо на не�летите клони"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:860
-msgid "print only merged branches"
+#: builtin/branch.c:622
+msgid "print only branches that are merged"
 msgstr "извеждане �амо на �летите клони"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:864
+#: builtin/branch.c:623
+msgid "print only branches that are not merged"
+msgstr "извеждане �амо на не�летите клони"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:624
 msgid "list branches in columns"
 msgstr "извеждане по колони"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:877
-msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
-msgstr "�е може да �е открие към какво �очи указател�т „HEAD“"
+#: builtin/branch.c:625 builtin/for-each-ref.c:40 builtin/ls-remote.c:70
+#: builtin/tag.c:412
+msgid "key"
+msgstr "КЛЮЧ"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:626 builtin/for-each-ref.c:41 builtin/ls-remote.c:71
+#: builtin/tag.c:413
+msgid "field name to sort on"
+msgstr "име на полето, по което да е подредбата"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:628 builtin/for-each-ref.c:43 builtin/notes.c:408
+#: builtin/notes.c:411 builtin/notes.c:571 builtin/notes.c:574
+#: builtin/tag.c:415
+msgid "object"
+msgstr "ОБЕКТ"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:629
+msgid "print only branches of the object"
+msgstr "извеждане �амо на клоните на ОБЕКТ�"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:631 builtin/for-each-ref.c:49 builtin/tag.c:422
+msgid "sorting and filtering are case insensitive"
+msgstr "подредбата и филтрирането третират еднакво малките и главните букви"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:632 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38 builtin/tag.c:420
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format to use for the output"
+msgstr "ФОРМ�Т за изхода"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:881 builtin/clone.c:634
+#: builtin/branch.c:655 builtin/clone.c:737
 msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
 msgstr "В директори�та „refs/heads“ лип�ва файл „HEAD“"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:903
+#: builtin/branch.c:678
 msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
 msgstr "Опциите „--column“ и „--verbose“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:909 builtin/branch.c:948
+#: builtin/branch.c:693 builtin/branch.c:745 builtin/branch.c:754
 msgid "branch name required"
 msgstr "�еобходимо е име на клон"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:924
+#: builtin/branch.c:721
 msgid "Cannot give description to detached HEAD"
-msgstr "�е може да зададете опи�ание на „HEAD“ извън клон"
+msgstr "�е може да зададете опи�ание на не�вързан „HEAD“"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:929
+#: builtin/branch.c:726
 msgid "cannot edit description of more than one branch"
 msgstr "�е може да редактирате опи�анието на повече от един клон едновременно"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:936
+#: builtin/branch.c:733
 #, c-format
 msgid "No commit on branch '%s' yet."
 msgstr "В клона „%s“ в�е още н�ма подавани�."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:939
+#: builtin/branch.c:736
 #, c-format
 msgid "No branch named '%s'."
 msgstr "Лип�ва клон на име „%s“."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:954
-msgid "too many branches for a rename operation"
-msgstr "Прекалено много клони за преименуване"
+#: builtin/branch.c:751
+msgid "too many branches for a copy operation"
+msgstr "прекалено много клони за копиране"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:760
+msgid "too many arguments for a rename operation"
+msgstr "прекалено много аргументи към командата за преименуване"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:959
-msgid "too many branches to set new upstream"
-msgstr "Прекалено много клони за задаване на �ледене"
+#: builtin/branch.c:765
+msgid "too many arguments to set new upstream"
+msgstr "прекалено много аргументи към командата за �ледене"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:963
+#: builtin/branch.c:769
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when it does not point to any branch."
@@ -3324,361 +6799,375 @@ msgstr ""
 "Следеното от „HEAD“ не може да �е зададе да е „%s“, защото то не �очи към "
 "никой клон."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:966 builtin/branch.c:988 builtin/branch.c:1009
+#: builtin/branch.c:772 builtin/branch.c:794 builtin/branch.c:810
 #, c-format
 msgid "no such branch '%s'"
 msgstr "��ма клон на име „%s“."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:970
+#: builtin/branch.c:776
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "�е �ъще�твува клон на име „%s“."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:982
-msgid "too many branches to unset upstream"
-msgstr "Прекалено много клони за махане на �ледене"
+#: builtin/branch.c:788
+msgid "too many arguments to unset upstream"
+msgstr "прекалено много аргументи към командата за �пиране на �ледене"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:986
+#: builtin/branch.c:792
 msgid "could not unset upstream of HEAD when it does not point to any branch."
 msgstr ""
 "Следеното от „HEAD“ не може да махне, защото то не �очи към никой клон."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:992
+#: builtin/branch.c:798
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
 msgstr "��ма информаци� клонът „%s“ да �леди н�кой друг"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1006
-msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
-msgstr "��ма никакъв �ми�ъл ръчно да �ъздавате „HEAD“."
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1012
+#: builtin/branch.c:813
 msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
 msgstr "Опциите „-a“ и „-r“ на „git branch“ �а не�ъвме�тими � име на клон"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1015
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
-"track or --set-upstream-to\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Опци�та „--set-upstream“ вече е о�тар�ла и пред�тои да бъде махната. "
-"Използвайте „--track“ или „--set-upstream-to“\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1032
-#, c-format
+#: builtin/branch.c:816
 msgid ""
-"\n"
-"If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
-"\n"
+"the '--set-upstream' option is no longer supported. Please use '--track' or "
+"'--set-upstream-to' instead."
 msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"За да накарате „%s“ да �леди „%s“, изпълнете �ледната команда:\n"
-"\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1033
-#, c-format
-msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
-msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1034
-#, c-format
-msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
-msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+"Опци�та „--set-upstream“ вече не �е поддържа.  Използвайте „--track“ или „--"
+"set-upstream-to“"
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#: builtin/bundle.c:45
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is okay\n"
 msgstr "Пратката „%s“ е наред\n"
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+#: builtin/bundle.c:58
 msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
 msgstr "За �ъздаването на пратка е необходимо хранилище."
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+#: builtin/bundle.c:62
 msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
 msgstr "За приемането на пратка е необходимо хранилище."
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:332
-msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
-msgstr "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|ВИД|--textconv) ОБЕКТ"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:525
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <type> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<path>] <object>"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | ВИД | --textconv --filters) [--path=ПЪТ] ОБЕКТ"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:333
-msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
-msgstr "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < СПИСЪК_С_ОБЕКТИ"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:526
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:370
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:563
 msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 msgstr ""
-"ВИДът може да е: „blob“ (обект BLOB), „tree“ (дърво), „commit“ (подаване), "
+"ВИДът може да е: „blob“ (BLOB), „tree“ (дърво), „commit“ (подаване), "
 "„tag“ (етикет)"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:371
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:564
 msgid "show object type"
 msgstr "извеждане на вида на обект"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:372
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:565
 msgid "show object size"
 msgstr "извеждане на размера на обект"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:374
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:567
 msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
 msgstr "изход � 0, когато н�ма грешка"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:375
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:568
 msgid "pretty-print object's content"
 msgstr "форматирано извеждане на �ъдържанието на обекта"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:377
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:570
 msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
 msgstr ""
 "да �е �тартира програмата зададена в на�тройката „textconv“ за преобразуване "
-"на �ъдържанието на обекта"
+"на �ъдържанието на обекта-BLOB"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:572
+msgid "for blob objects, run filters on object's content"
+msgstr ""
+"да �е �тартират програмите за преобразуване на �ъдържанието на обектите-BLOB"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:573 git-submodule.sh:894
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr "обект-BLOB"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:379
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:574
+msgid "use a specific path for --textconv/--filters"
+msgstr "опциите „--textconv“/„--filters“ изи�кват път"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:576
+msgid "allow -s and -t to work with broken/corrupt objects"
+msgstr "позвол�ване на опциите „-s“ и „-t“ да работ�т � повредени обекти"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:577
+msgid "buffer --batch output"
+msgstr "буфериране на изхода от „--batch“"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:579
 msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr ""
 "извеждане на информаци� и �ъдържание на обектите подадени на �тандартни� вход"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:382
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:582
 msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr "извеждане на информаци� за обектите подадени на �тандартни� вход"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:11
-msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname..."
-msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | �ТРИБУТ…] [--] ПЪТ…"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:585
+msgid "follow in-tree symlinks (used with --batch or --batch-check)"
+msgstr ""
+"�ледване на �имволните връзки �очещи в дървото (ползва �е � „--batch“ или „--"
+"batch-check“)"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:587
+msgid "show all objects with --batch or --batch-check"
+msgstr "извеждане на в�ички обекти � „--batch“ или „--batch-check“"
 
 #: builtin/check-attr.c:12
-msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>"
-msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | �ТРИБУТ…] < СПИСЪК_С_ПЪТИЩ�"
+msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | <attr>...] [--] <pathname>..."
+msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | �ТРИБУТ…] [--] ПЪТ…"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:19
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:13
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...]"
+msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | �ТРИБУТ…]"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
 msgid "report all attributes set on file"
 msgstr "извеждане на в�ички атрибути, зададени върху файл"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21
 msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
 msgstr "използване на файла „.gitattributes“ �амо от индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/check-ignore.c:22 builtin/hash-object.c:98
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:22 builtin/check-ignore.c:24 builtin/hash-object.c:100
 msgid "read file names from stdin"
 msgstr "изчитане на имената на файловете от �тандартни� вход"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:23 builtin/check-ignore.c:24
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:24 builtin/check-ignore.c:26
 msgid "terminate input and output records by a NUL character"
 msgstr "раздел�не на входните и изходните запи�и � нулеви� знак „NUL“"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:18 builtin/checkout.c:1089 builtin/gc.c:274
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:20 builtin/checkout.c:1113 builtin/gc.c:500
 msgid "suppress progress reporting"
 msgstr "без показване на напредъка"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:26
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
 msgid "show non-matching input paths"
 msgstr "извеждане на не�ъвпадащите пътища"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:30
 msgid "ignore index when checking"
 msgstr "пре�качане на индек�а при проверката"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:154
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
 msgid "cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
 msgstr "опци�та „--stdin“ е не�ъвме�тима � имена на пътища"
 
-# FIXME options
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:157
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:162
 msgid "-z only makes sense with --stdin"
 msgstr "опци�та „-z“ изи�ква „--stdin“"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:164
 msgid "no path specified"
 msgstr "не е зададен път"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:163
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
 msgid "--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
 msgstr "опци�та „--quiet“ изи�ква да е подаден точно един път"
 
-# FIXME options
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:165
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:170
 msgid "cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"
 msgstr "опциите „--quiet“ и „--verbose“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
 
-# FIXME options
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:173
 msgid "--non-matching is only valid with --verbose"
 msgstr "опци�та „--non-matching“ изи�ква „--verbose“"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:8
-msgid "git check-mailmap [options] <contact>..."
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:9
+msgid "git check-mailmap [<options>] <contact>..."
 msgstr "git check-mailmap [ОПЦИЯ…] КО�Т�КТ…"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:13
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:14
 msgid "also read contacts from stdin"
 msgstr "четене на контакти и от �тандартни� вход"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:24
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:25
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse contact: %s"
 msgstr "контактът не може да бъде анализиран: %s"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:47
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:48
 msgid "no contacts specified"
 msgstr "не �а указани контакти"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
-msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:128
+msgid "git checkout-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
 msgstr "git checkout-index [ОПЦИЯ…] [--] [Ф�ЙЛ…]"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:188
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:143
+msgid "stage should be between 1 and 3 or all"
+msgstr "етапът тр�бва да е „1“, „2“, „3“ или „all“ (в�ички)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:159
 msgid "check out all files in the index"
 msgstr "изтегл�не на в�ички файлове в индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:189
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:160
 msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
 msgstr "презапи�ване на файловете, дори и да �ъще�твуват"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:191
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:162
 msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
 msgstr "без предупреждени� при лип�ващи файлове и файлове не в индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:193
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:164
 msgid "don't checkout new files"
 msgstr "без изтегл�не на нови файлове"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:195
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:166
 msgid "update stat information in the index file"
 msgstr "обнов�ване на информаци�та получена чрез „stat“ за файловете в индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:201
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:170
 msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
 msgstr "изчитане на пътищата от �тандартни� вход"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:203
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:172
 msgid "write the content to temporary files"
 msgstr "запи�ване на �ъдържанието във временни файлове"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:204 builtin/column.c:30
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:173 builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1216 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1219
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1227 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1591
+#: builtin/worktree.c:610
 msgid "string"
 msgstr "�ИЗ"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:205
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:174
 msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
 msgstr "при �ъздаването на нови файлове да �е добав� префик�а �ИЗ"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:208
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:176
 msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
 msgstr "копиране на файловете от това �ъ�то�ние на �ливане"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:25
-msgid "git checkout [options] <branch>"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:27
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] <branch>"
 msgstr "git checkout [ОПЦИЯ…] КЛО�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:26
-msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
+#: builtin/checkout.c:28
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
 msgstr "git checkout [ОПЦИЯ…] [КЛО�] -- Ф�ЙЛ…"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:114 builtin/checkout.c:147
+#: builtin/checkout.c:136 builtin/checkout.c:169
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
 msgstr "вашата вер�и� лип�ва в път� „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:116 builtin/checkout.c:149
+#: builtin/checkout.c:138 builtin/checkout.c:171
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
 msgstr "чуждата вер�и� лип�ва в път� „%s“"
 
-# FIXME SAME AS [1]
-#: builtin/checkout.c:132
+#: builtin/checkout.c:154
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
 msgstr "н�ко� от необходимите вер�ии лип�ва в път� „%s“"
 
-# FIXME SAME AS [1]
-#: builtin/checkout.c:176
+#: builtin/checkout.c:198
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
 msgstr "н�ко� от необходимите вер�ии лип�ва в път� „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:193
+#: builtin/checkout.c:215
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
 msgstr "път�т „%s“ не може да бъде �л�н"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:210
+#: builtin/checkout.c:231
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
 msgstr "Резултатът за „%s“ не може да бъде �л�н"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:231 builtin/checkout.c:234 builtin/checkout.c:237
-#: builtin/checkout.c:240
+#: builtin/checkout.c:253 builtin/checkout.c:256 builtin/checkout.c:259
+#: builtin/checkout.c:262
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
 msgstr "Опци�та „%s“ е не�ъвме�тима � обнов�ването на пътища"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:243 builtin/checkout.c:246
+#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:268
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr "Опци�та „%s“ е не�ъвме�тима � „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:249
+#: builtin/checkout.c:271
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
 msgstr ""
-"�евъзможно е едновременно да обнов�вате пътища и да �е прехвърлите към клона "
-"„%s“."
+"�евъзможно е едновременно да обнов�вате пътища и да преминете към клона „%s“."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:260 builtin/checkout.c:449
-msgid "corrupt index file"
-msgstr "повреден файл на индек�а"
-
-#: builtin/checkout.c:320 builtin/checkout.c:327
+#: builtin/checkout.c:340 builtin/checkout.c:347
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
 msgstr "път�т „%s“ не е �л�т"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:471
+#: builtin/checkout.c:506
 msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
 msgstr "първо тр�бва да коригирате индек�а �и"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:597
+#: builtin/checkout.c:643
 #, c-format
-msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
-msgstr "Журналът на указателите за „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздаден\n"
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "Журналът на указателите за „%s“ не може да �е про�леди: %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:635
+#: builtin/checkout.c:684
 msgid "HEAD is now at"
 msgstr "Указател�т „HEAD“ в момента �очи към"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:642
+#: builtin/checkout.c:688 builtin/clone.c:691
+msgid "unable to update HEAD"
+msgstr "Указател�т „HEAD“ не може да бъде обновен"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:692
 #, c-format
 msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Занул�ване на клона „%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:645
+#: builtin/checkout.c:695
 #, c-format
 msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Вече �те на „%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:649
+#: builtin/checkout.c:699
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Преминаване към клона „%s“ и занул�ване на промените\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:651 builtin/checkout.c:1032
+#: builtin/checkout.c:701 builtin/checkout.c:1046
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Преминахте към нови� клон „%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:653
+#: builtin/checkout.c:703
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Преминахте към клона „%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:705
+#: builtin/checkout.c:754
 #, c-format
 msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
 msgstr "… и още %d.\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:711
+#: builtin/checkout.c:760
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
@@ -3700,172 +7189,191 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "\n"
 "%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:729
+#: builtin/checkout.c:779
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
+"If you want to keep it by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgid_plural ""
 "If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
 "to do so with:\n"
 "\n"
-" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
 "\n"
-msgstr ""
-"�ко в�е пак и�кате да запазите тези промени, �ега е най-подход�щи�т\n"
-"момент да �ъздадете нов клон за т�х чрез командата:\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"�ко в�е пак и�кате да запазите тази пром�на чрез �ъздаване на клон,\n"
+"�ега е най-подход�щи�т за това чрез командата:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch ИМЕ_��_�ОВИЯ_КЛО� %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"�ко в�е пак и�кате да запазите тези промени чрез �ъздаване на клон,\n"
+"�ега е най-подход�щи�т за това чрез командата:\n"
 "\n"
 " git branch ИМЕ_��_�ОВИЯ_КЛО� %s\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:759
+#: builtin/checkout.c:811
 msgid "internal error in revision walk"
 msgstr "вътрешна грешка при обхождането на вер�иите"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:763
+#: builtin/checkout.c:815
 msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
 msgstr "Преди това „HEAD“ �очеше към"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:790 builtin/checkout.c:1027
+#: builtin/checkout.c:843 builtin/checkout.c:1041
 msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr "В момента �те на клон, който пред�тои да бъде �ъздаден"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:934
+#: builtin/checkout.c:947
 #, c-format
 msgid "only one reference expected, %d given."
 msgstr "очакваше �е един указател, а �те подали %d."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:973
+#: builtin/checkout.c:987 builtin/worktree.c:240 builtin/worktree.c:389
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid reference: %s"
 msgstr "неправилен указател: %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1002
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
 #, c-format
 msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
 msgstr "указател�т не �очи към обект-дърво: %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1041
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1055
 msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr "задаването на път е не�ъвме�тимо � преминаването от един клон към друг"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1044 builtin/checkout.c:1048
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1058 builtin/checkout.c:1062
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr "опци�та „%s“ е не�ъвме�тима � преминаването от един клон към друг"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1052 builtin/checkout.c:1055 builtin/checkout.c:1060
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1063
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1066 builtin/checkout.c:1069 builtin/checkout.c:1074
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1077
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
 msgstr "опци�та „%s“ е не�ъвме�тима � „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1068
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1082
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
 msgstr ""
-"За да преминете към клон, подайте указател, който �очи към подаване. „%s“ не "
-"е такъв"
+"За да преминете към клон, подайте указател, който �очи към подаване.  „%s“ "
+"не е такъв"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1090 builtin/checkout.c:1092 builtin/clone.c:89
-#: builtin/remote.c:159 builtin/remote.c:161
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1114 builtin/checkout.c:1116 builtin/clone.c:118
+#: builtin/remote.c:167 builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/worktree.c:433
+#: builtin/worktree.c:435
 msgid "branch"
 msgstr "клон"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1091
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1115
 msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
 msgstr "�ъздаване и преминаване към нов клон"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1093
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1117
 msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
 msgstr "�ъздаване/занул�ване на клон и преминаване към него"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1094
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1118
 msgid "create reflog for new branch"
 msgstr "�ъздаване на журнал на указателите за нов клон"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1095
-msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1119 builtin/worktree.c:437
+msgid "detach HEAD at named commit"
 msgstr "отдел�не на указател� „HEAD“ към указаното подаване"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1096
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1120
 msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
 msgstr "задаване на кой клон бива �леден при �ъздаването на нови� клон"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1098
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
 msgid "new-branch"
 msgstr "�ОВ_КЛО�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1098
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
 msgid "new unparented branch"
 msgstr "нов клон без родител"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1099
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1123
 msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
 msgstr "изтегл�не на вашата вер�и� на не�летите файлове"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1101
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
 msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
 msgstr "изтегл�не на чуждата вер�и� на не�летите файлове"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1103
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1127
 msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
 msgstr "принудително изтегл�не (вашите промени ще бъдат занулени)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1104
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1129
 msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
 msgstr "извършване на тройно �ливане � нови� клон"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1105 builtin/merge.c:226
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1131 builtin/merge.c:241
 msgid "update ignored files (default)"
 msgstr "обнов�ване на игнорираните файлове (�тандартно)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1106 builtin/log.c:1239 parse-options.h:245
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1133 builtin/log.c:1499 parse-options.h:264
 msgid "style"
-msgstr "�тил"
+msgstr "СТИЛ"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1107
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1134
 msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
 msgstr "дей�твие при конфликт (�ливане или тройна разлика)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1110
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1137
 msgid "do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only"
 msgstr "без ограничаване на изброените пътища �амо до ча�тично изтеглените"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1112
-msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1139
+msgid "second guess 'git checkout <no-such-branch>'"
 msgstr ""
-"по�ледващ опит за отгатване �лед неу�пешен опит � „git checkout no-such-"
-"branch“"
+"опит за отгатване на име на клон �лед неу�пешен опит � „git checkout "
+"�ЕСЪЩЕСТВУВ�Щ_КЛО�“"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1141
+msgid "do not check if another worktree is holding the given ref"
+msgstr "без проверка дали друго работно дърво държи указател�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1135
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1145 builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/fetch.c:149
+#: builtin/merge.c:238 builtin/pull.c:128 builtin/push.c:572
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:174
+msgid "force progress reporting"
+msgstr "извеждане на напредъка"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1175
 msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
 msgstr "Опциите „-b“, „-B“ и „--orphan“ �а не�ъвме�тими една � друга"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1152
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1192
 msgid "--track needs a branch name"
 msgstr "опци�та „--track“ изи�ква име на клон"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1157
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1197
 msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
 msgstr "Лип�ва име на клон, използвайте опци�та „-b“"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1194
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1233
 msgid "invalid path specification"
 msgstr "указан е неправилен път"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1201
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1240
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
-"Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
-msgstr ""
-"�е можете едновременно да обнов�вате пътища и да преминете към клона „%s“.\n"
-"Дали не и�кате да изтеглите „%s“, който не �очи към подаване?"
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit and a branch '%s' cannot be created from it"
+msgstr "„%s“ не е подаване, затова от него не може да �е �ъздаде клон „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1206
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1244
 #, c-format
 msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
 msgstr "git checkout: опци�та „--detach“ не приема аргумент-път „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1210
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1248
 msgid ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
 "checking out of the index."
@@ -3903,19 +7411,21 @@ msgstr "Хранилището „%s“ ще бъде пре�кочено\n"
 msgid "failed to remove %s"
 msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде изтрит"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:295
+#: builtin/clean.c:302 git-add--interactive.perl:579
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Prompt help:\n"
 "1          - select a numbered item\n"
 "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
-"           - (empty) select nothing"
+"           - (empty) select nothing\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Под�казка:\n"
 "1          — избор на обект �поред реда\n"
 "ПРЕФИКС    — избор на един�твен обект по този уникален префик�\n"
-"           — (празно) нищо да не �е избира"
+"           — (празно) нищо да не �е избира\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:299
+#: builtin/clean.c:306 git-add--interactive.perl:588
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Prompt help:\n"
 "1          - select a single item\n"
@@ -3924,49 +7434,50 @@ msgid ""
 "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
 "-...       - unselect specified items\n"
 "*          - choose all items\n"
-"           - (empty) finish selecting"
+"           - (empty) finish selecting\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Под�казка:\n"
 "1          — избор на един обект\n"
-"3-5        — интервал за избор на обекти\n"
-"2-3,6-9    — множе�тво интервали за избор на обекти\n"
+"3-5        — диапазон за избор на обекти\n"
+"2-3,6-9    — множе�тво диапазони за избор на обекти\n"
 "ПРЕФИКС    — избор на един�твен обект по този уникален префик�\n"
 "-…         — отм�на на избора на обекти\n"
 "*          — избиране на в�ички обекти\n"
-"           — (празно) завършване на избирането"
+"           — (празно) завършване на избирането\n"
 
-# FIXME WTF does this mean
-#: builtin/clean.c:517
-#, c-format
-msgid "Huh (%s)?"
-msgstr "�еправилен избор (%s). Изберете отново."
+#: builtin/clean.c:522 git-add--interactive.perl:554
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:559
+#, c-format, perl-format
+msgid "Huh (%s)?\n"
+msgstr "�еправилен избор (%s).\n"
 
-# FIXME - should we use >> or sth else
-#: builtin/clean.c:659
+#: builtin/clean.c:664
 #, c-format
 msgid "Input ignore patterns>> "
 msgstr "Шаблони за игнорирани елементи≫ "
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:696
+#: builtin/clean.c:701
 #, c-format
 msgid "WARNING: Cannot find items matched by: %s"
 msgstr "ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: �икой обект не напа�ва на „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:717
+#: builtin/clean.c:722
 msgid "Select items to delete"
 msgstr "Избиране на обекти за изтриване"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:757
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to keep [y/N] as is
+#: builtin/clean.c:763
 #, c-format
-msgid "remove %s? "
-msgstr "Да �е изтрие ли „%s“? "
+msgid "Remove %s [y/N]? "
+msgstr "Да �е изтрие ли „%s“? „y“ —  да, „N“ — �Е"
 
-# FIXME improve message
-#: builtin/clean.c:782
-msgid "Bye."
-msgstr "Изход."
+#
+#: builtin/clean.c:788 git-add--interactive.perl:1717
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bye.\n"
+msgstr "Изход.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:790
+#: builtin/clean.c:796
 msgid ""
 "clean               - start cleaning\n"
 "filter by pattern   - exclude items from deletion\n"
@@ -3984,374 +7495,448 @@ msgstr ""
 "help                — този край\n"
 "?                   — под�казка за шаблоните"
 
-# FIXME how many ***
-#: builtin/clean.c:817
+#: builtin/clean.c:823 git-add--interactive.perl:1793
 msgid "*** Commands ***"
 msgstr "��� Команди ���"
 
-# FIXME improve message
-#: builtin/clean.c:818
+#: builtin/clean.c:824 git-add--interactive.perl:1790
 msgid "What now"
 msgstr "Избор на �ледващо дей�твие"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:826
+#: builtin/clean.c:832
 msgid "Would remove the following item:"
 msgid_plural "Would remove the following items:"
 msgstr[0] "Следни�т обект ще бъде изтрит:"
 msgstr[1] "Следните обекти ще бъдат изтрити:"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:843
+#: builtin/clean.c:848
 msgid "No more files to clean, exiting."
-msgstr "Файловете за изчи�тване �вършиха. Изход от програмата."
+msgstr "Файловете за изчи�тване �вършиха.  Изход от програмата."
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:874
+#: builtin/clean.c:910
 msgid "do not print names of files removed"
 msgstr "без извеждане на имената на файловете, които ще бъдат изтрити"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:876
+#: builtin/clean.c:912
 msgid "force"
 msgstr "принудително изтриване"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:877
+#: builtin/clean.c:913
 msgid "interactive cleaning"
 msgstr "интерактивно изтриване"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:879
+#: builtin/clean.c:915
 msgid "remove whole directories"
 msgstr "изтриване на цели директории"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:880 builtin/describe.c:407 builtin/grep.c:714
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:486 builtin/name-rev.c:311 builtin/show-ref.c:185
+#: builtin/clean.c:916 builtin/describe.c:533 builtin/describe.c:535
+#: builtin/grep.c:871 builtin/log.c:157 builtin/log.c:159
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:548 builtin/name-rev.c:397 builtin/name-rev.c:399
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
 msgid "pattern"
-msgstr "шаблон"
+msgstr "Ш�БЛО�"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:881
+#: builtin/clean.c:917
 msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
 msgstr "добав�не на Ш�БЛО� от файлове, които да не �е три�т"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:882
+#: builtin/clean.c:918
 msgid "remove ignored files, too"
 msgstr "изтриване и на игнорираните файлове"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:884
+#: builtin/clean.c:920
 msgid "remove only ignored files"
 msgstr "изтриване �амо на игнорирани файлове"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:902
+#: builtin/clean.c:938
 msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
 msgstr "опциите „-x“ и „-X“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:906
+#: builtin/clean.c:942
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce set to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; refusing to "
 "clean"
 msgstr ""
 "�а�тройката „clean.requireForce“ е зададена като и�тина, което изи�ква н�ко� "
-"от опциите „-i“, „-n“ или „-f“. ��ма да �е извърши изчи�тване"
+"от опциите „-i“, „-n“ или „-f“.  ��ма да �е извърши изчи�тване"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:909
+#: builtin/clean.c:945
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; "
 "refusing to clean"
 msgstr ""
 "�а�тройката „clean.requireForce“ не е зададена, но �тандартно е и�тина, "
-"което изи�ква н�ко� от опциите „-i“, „-n“ или „-f“. ��ма да �е извърши "
+"което изи�ква н�ко� от опциите „-i“, „-n“ или „-f“.  ��ма да �е извърши "
 "изчи�тване"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:37
-msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+#: builtin/clone.c:42
+msgid "git clone [<options>] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
 msgstr "git clone [ОПЦИЯ…] [--] ХР��ИЛИЩЕ [ДИРЕКТОРИЯ]"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:65 builtin/fetch.c:112 builtin/merge.c:223
-#: builtin/push.c:514
-msgid "force progress reporting"
-msgstr "извеждане на напредъка"
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:67
+#: builtin/clone.c:87
 msgid "don't create a checkout"
 msgstr "без �ъздаване на работно дърво"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:68 builtin/clone.c:70 builtin/init-db.c:488
+#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/clone.c:90 builtin/init-db.c:479
 msgid "create a bare repository"
 msgstr "�ъздаване на голо хранилище"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:72
+#: builtin/clone.c:92
 msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
 msgstr ""
 "�ъздаване на хранилище-огледало (включва опци�та „--bare“ за голо хранилище)"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:74
+#: builtin/clone.c:94
 msgid "to clone from a local repository"
 msgstr "клониране от локално хранилище"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:76
+#: builtin/clone.c:96
 msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
 msgstr "без твърди връзки, файловете винаги да �е копират"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:78
+#: builtin/clone.c:98
 msgid "setup as shared repository"
 msgstr "на�тройване за �поделено хранилище"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:80 builtin/clone.c:82
+#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/clone.c:104
+msgid "pathspec"
+msgstr "път"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/clone.c:104
 msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
 msgstr "инициализиране на подмодулите при това клониране"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:83 builtin/init-db.c:485
+#: builtin/clone.c:107
+msgid "number of submodules cloned in parallel"
+msgstr "брой подмодули, клонирани паралелно"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:108 builtin/init-db.c:476
 msgid "template-directory"
 msgstr "директори� � шаблони"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:486
+#: builtin/clone.c:109 builtin/init-db.c:477
 msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
 msgstr "директори�, ко�то �ъдържа шаблоните, които да �е ползват"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:86
+#: builtin/clone.c:111 builtin/clone.c:113 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1223
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1594
 msgid "reference repository"
 msgstr "еталонно хранилище"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:87 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/clone.c:115 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1225
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1596
+msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
+msgstr "опци�та „--reference“ може да �е използва �амо при клониране"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:116 builtin/column.c:27 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3166 builtin/repack.c:213
 msgid "name"
 msgstr "ИМЕ"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:88
+#: builtin/clone.c:117
 msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
 msgstr "използване на това ИМЕ вме�то „origin“ при про�лед�ване на клони"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:90
+#: builtin/clone.c:119
 msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
 msgstr "изтегл�не на този КЛО�, а не �очени�т от отдалечени� указател „HEAD“"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:92
+#: builtin/clone.c:121
 msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
 msgstr "път към командата „git-upload-pack“ на отдалеченото хранилище"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:93 builtin/fetch.c:113 builtin/grep.c:659
+#: builtin/clone.c:122 builtin/fetch.c:150 builtin/grep.c:813
+#: builtin/pull.c:216
 msgid "depth"
 msgstr "ДЪЛБОЧИ��"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:94
+#: builtin/clone.c:123
 msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
 msgstr "плитко клониране до тази ДЪЛБОЧИ��"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:96
+#: builtin/clone.c:124 builtin/fetch.c:152 builtin/pack-objects.c:3157
+#: parse-options.h:154
+msgid "time"
+msgstr "ВРЕМЕ"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:125
+msgid "create a shallow clone since a specific time"
+msgstr "плитко клониране до момент във времето"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:126 builtin/fetch.c:154
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "вер�и�"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:127 builtin/fetch.c:155
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone, excluding rev"
+msgstr "задълбочаване на и�тори�та на плитко хранилище до изключващ указател"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:129
 msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
 msgstr ""
 "клониране �амо на един клон — или �очени� от отдалечени� „HEAD“, или изрично "
 "зададени� � „--branch“"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:97 builtin/init-db.c:494
+#: builtin/clone.c:131
+msgid "don't clone any tags, and make later fetches not to follow them"
+msgstr ""
+"без клониране на етикети, като по�ледващите до�тав�ни� н�ма да ги �лед�т"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:133
+msgid "any cloned submodules will be shallow"
+msgstr "в�ички клонирани подмодули ще �а плитки"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:134 builtin/init-db.c:485
 msgid "gitdir"
 msgstr "СЛУЖЕБ��_ДИРЕКТОРИЯ"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/init-db.c:495
+#: builtin/clone.c:135 builtin/init-db.c:486
 msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
 msgstr "отделна СЛУЖЕБ��_ДИРЕКТОРИЯ за git извън работното дърво"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:99
+#: builtin/clone.c:136
 msgid "key=value"
 msgstr "КЛЮЧ=СТОЙ�ОСТ"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:100
+#: builtin/clone.c:137
 msgid "set config inside the new repository"
 msgstr "задаване на на�тройките на новото хранилище"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:253
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
-msgstr "еталонното хранилище „%s“ не е локално"
+#: builtin/clone.c:138 builtin/fetch.c:173 builtin/pull.c:229
+#: builtin/push.c:583
+msgid "use IPv4 addresses only"
+msgstr "�амо адре�и IPv4"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:257
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
-msgstr "еталонното хранилище „%s“ е плитко"
+#: builtin/clone.c:140 builtin/fetch.c:175 builtin/pull.c:232
+#: builtin/push.c:585
+msgid "use IPv6 addresses only"
+msgstr "�амо адре�и IPv6"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:260
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
-msgstr "еталонното хранилище „%s“ е � при�аждане"
+#: builtin/clone.c:278
+msgid ""
+"No directory name could be guessed.\n"
+"Please specify a directory on the command line"
+msgstr ""
+"Името на директори�та не може да бъде отгатнато.\n"
+"Задайте директори�та изрично на командни� ред"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:322
+#: builtin/clone.c:331
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
-msgstr "директори�та „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздадена"
+msgid "info: Could not add alternate for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: не може да �е добави алтернативен източник на „%s“: %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:324 builtin/diff.c:84
+#: builtin/clone.c:403
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
-msgstr "не може да бъде получена информаци� чрез „stat“ за „%s“"
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr "директори�та „%s“ не може да бъде отворена"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:326
+#: builtin/clone.c:411
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
 msgstr "„%s“ �ъще�твува и не е директори�"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:340
+#: builtin/clone.c:425
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
 msgstr "не може да бъде получена информаци� чрез „stat“ за „%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:362
+#: builtin/clone.c:447
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
 msgstr "връзката „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздадена"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:366
+#: builtin/clone.c:451
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
 msgstr "файлът не може да бъде копиран като „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:389 builtin/clone.c:563
+#: builtin/clone.c:477
 #, c-format
 msgid "done.\n"
 msgstr "дей�твието завърши.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:401
+#: builtin/clone.c:491
 msgid ""
 "Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
 "You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
 "and retry the checkout with 'git checkout -f HEAD'\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Клонирането бе у�пешно за разлика от подготовката на работното дърво\n"
-"за определен клон. В�е пак можете да проверите кои файлове и от кой\n"
-"клон в момента �а изтеглени � командата „git status“. Можете да\n"
+"за определен клон.  В�е пак можете да проверите кои файлове и от кой\n"
+"клон в момента �а изтеглени � командата „git status“.  Можете да\n"
 "завършите изтегл�нето на клона � командата „git checkout -f HEAD“.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:478
+#: builtin/clone.c:568
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
 msgstr ""
 "Клонът „%s“ от отдалеченото хранилище, което клонирате,\n"
 "и който �ледва да бъде изтеглен, не �ъще�твува."
 
-# FIXME translator note that the space at end is necesssary
-#: builtin/clone.c:558
-#, c-format
-msgid "Checking connectivity... "
-msgstr "Проверка на връзката… "
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:561
+#: builtin/clone.c:663
 msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
 msgstr "отдалеченото хранилище не изпрати в�ички необходими обекти."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:625
+#: builtin/clone.c:679
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to update %s"
+msgstr "обектът „%s“ не може да бъде обновен"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:728
 msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "указател�т „HEAD“ от отдалеченото хранилище �очи към нещо,\n"
-"което не �ъще�твува. �е може да �е изтегли определен клон.\n"
+"което не �ъще�твува.  �е може да �е изтегли определен клон.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:656
+#: builtin/clone.c:758
 msgid "unable to checkout working tree"
 msgstr "работното дърво не може да бъде подготвено"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:765
+#: builtin/clone.c:803
+msgid "unable to write parameters to config file"
+msgstr "на�тройките не могат да бъдат запи�ани в конфигурационни� файл"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:866
+msgid "cannot repack to clean up"
+msgstr "не може да �е извърши пакетиране за изчи�тване на файловете"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:868
+msgid "cannot unlink temporary alternates file"
+msgstr "временни�т файл за алтернативни обекти не може да бъде изтрит"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:907 builtin/receive-pack.c:1947
 msgid "Too many arguments."
 msgstr "Прекалено много аргументи."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:769
+#: builtin/clone.c:911
 msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
 msgstr "Тр�бва да укажете кое хранилище и�кате да клонирате."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:780
+#: builtin/clone.c:924
 #, c-format
 msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
 msgstr "опциите „--bare“ и „--origin %s“ �а не�ъвме�тими."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:783
+#: builtin/clone.c:927
 msgid "--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."
 msgstr "опциите „--bare“ и „--separate-git-dir“ �а не�ъвме�тими."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:796
+#: builtin/clone.c:940
 #, c-format
 msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "не �ъще�твува хранилище „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:802 builtin/fetch.c:1155
+#: builtin/clone.c:946 builtin/fetch.c:1460
 #, c-format
 msgid "depth %s is not a positive number"
 msgstr "дълбочината тр�бва да е положително ц�ло чи�ло, а не „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:812
+#: builtin/clone.c:956
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
 msgstr "целеви�т път „%s“ �ъще�твува и не е празна директори�."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:822
+#: builtin/clone.c:966
 #, c-format
 msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "в „%s“ вече �ъще�твува работно дърво."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:835 builtin/clone.c:847
+#: builtin/clone.c:981 builtin/clone.c:1002 builtin/difftool.c:270
+#: builtin/worktree.c:246 builtin/worktree.c:276
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
 msgstr "родител�ките директории на „%s“ не могат да бъдат �ъздадени"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:838
+#: builtin/clone.c:986
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'"
 msgstr "работното дърво в „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздадено."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:857
+#: builtin/clone.c:1006
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
 msgstr "Клониране и �ъздаване на голо хранилище в „%s“…\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:859
+#: builtin/clone.c:1008
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
 msgstr "Клониране и �ъздаване на хранилище в „%s“…\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:895
+#: builtin/clone.c:1032
+msgid ""
+"clone --recursive is not compatible with both --reference and --reference-if-"
+"able"
+msgstr ""
+"Опци�та „--recursive“ е не�ъвме�тима � опциите „--reference“ и „--reference-"
+"if-able“"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1093
 msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
 msgstr ""
-"При локално клониране опци�та „--depth“ �е игнорира. Ползвайте �хемата "
+"При локално клониране опци�та „--depth“ �е пре�кача.  Ползвайте �хемата "
 "„file://“."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:898
+#: builtin/clone.c:1095
+msgid "--shallow-since is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+"При локално клониране опци�та „--shallow-since“ �е пре�кача.  Ползвайте "
+"�хемата „file://“."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1097
+msgid "--shallow-exclude is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+"При локално клониране опци�та „--shallow-exclude“ �е пре�кача.  Ползвайте "
+"�хемата „file://“."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1099
+msgid "--filter is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+"При локално клониране опци�та „--filter“ �е пре�кача.  Ползвайте �хемата "
+"„file://“."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1102
 msgid "source repository is shallow, ignoring --local"
-msgstr "клонираното хранилище е плитко, затова опци�та „--local“ �е игнорира"
+msgstr "клонираното хранилище е плитко, затова опци�та „--local“ �е пре�кача"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:903
+#: builtin/clone.c:1107
 msgid "--local is ignored"
-msgstr "опци�та „--local“ �е игнорира"
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:907
-#, c-format
-msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
-msgstr "�е �е поддържа клониране на връзки от вида „%s“ "
+msgstr "опци�та „--local“ �е пре�кача"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:958 builtin/clone.c:966
+#: builtin/clone.c:1169 builtin/clone.c:1177
 #, c-format
 msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
 msgstr "Отдалечени�т клон „%s“ лип�ва в клонираното хранилище „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:969
+#: builtin/clone.c:1180
 msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
 msgstr "Изглежда клонирахте празно хранилище."
 
-#: builtin/column.c:9
-msgid "git column [options]"
+#: builtin/column.c:10
+msgid "git column [<options>]"
 msgstr "git column [ОПЦИЯ…]"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:26
+#: builtin/column.c:27
 msgid "lookup config vars"
 msgstr "извеждане на на�тройките"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:27 builtin/column.c:28
+#: builtin/column.c:28 builtin/column.c:29
 msgid "layout to use"
 msgstr "как да �е подреди резултата"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:29
+#: builtin/column.c:30
 msgid "Maximum width"
 msgstr "Мак�имална широчина"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:30
+#: builtin/column.c:31
 msgid "Padding space on left border"
 msgstr "Поле в знаци отл�во"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/column.c:32
 msgid "Padding space on right border"
 msgstr "Поле в знаци отд��но"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:32
+#: builtin/column.c:33
 msgid "Padding space between columns"
 msgstr "Поле в знаци между колоните"
 
@@ -4360,79 +7945,26 @@ msgid "--command must be the first argument"
 msgstr "опци�та „--command“ тр�бва да е първи�т аргумент"
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:37
-msgid "git commit [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgid "git commit [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
 msgstr "git commit [ОПЦИЯ…] [--] ПЪТ…"
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:42
-msgid "git status [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgid "git status [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
 msgstr "git status [ОПЦИЯ…] [--] ПЪТ…"
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:47
 msgid ""
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
-"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
-"your configuration file:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global --edit\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Името и адре�ът за е-поща �а на�троени автоматично на базата на името на\n"
-"потребител� и името на машината. Проверете дали �а верни. Можете да �прете\n"
-"това �ъобщение като изрично зададете �тойно�тите. Изпълнете �ледната "
-"команда\n"
-"и �ледвайте ин�трукциите в тек�тови� ви редактор, за да редактирате\n"
-"конфигурационни� файл:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global --edit\n"
-"\n"
-"След като направите това, можете да коригирате информаци�та за автора на\n"
-"текущото подаване чрез:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:60
-msgid ""
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Името и адре�ът за е-поща �а на�троени автоматично на базата на името на\n"
-"потребител� и името на машината. Проверете дали �а верни. Можете да �прете\n"
-"това �ъобщение като изрично зададете �тойно�тите:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"Вашето Име\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email пенчо@example.com\n"
-"\n"
-"След като направите това, можете да коригирате информаци�та за автора на\n"
-"текущото подаване чрез:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:72
-msgid ""
 "You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
 "it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
 "remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Пои�кахте да поправите по�ледното �и подаване. Това дей�твие ще превърне\n"
-"подаването в празно. Можете или да го повторите като разрешите такива "
+"Пои�кахте да поправите по�ледното �и подаване.  Това дей�твие ще превърне\n"
+"подаването в празно.  Можете или да го повторите като разрешите такива "
 "подавани�\n"
 "� опци�та „--allow-empty“, или да го изтриете от и�тори�та � командата:\n"
 "„git reset HEAD^“.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:77
+#: builtin/commit.c:52
 msgid ""
 "The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
 "If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
@@ -4441,17 +7973,17 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Предишното отбрано подаване вече е празно, като най-веро�тната причина е\n"
-"корекци� на конфликт. �ко в�е пак и�кате да го ползвате, използвайте "
+"корекци� на конфликт.  �ко в�е пак и�кате да го ползвате, използвайте "
 "командата:\n"
 "\n"
 "    git commit --allow-empty\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:84
+#: builtin/commit.c:59
 msgid "Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
 msgstr "В противен �лучай използвайте командата „git reset“\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:87
+#: builtin/commit.c:62
 msgid ""
 "If you wish to skip this commit, use:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -4467,75 +7999,61 @@ msgstr ""
 "Чрез командата „git cherry-pick --continue“ ще продължите отбирането на\n"
 "о�таналите подавани�.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:302
+#: builtin/commit.c:293
 msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
 msgstr "върховото дърво (HEAD tree object) не може да бъде извадено от пакет"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:342
+#: builtin/commit.c:334
 msgid "unable to create temporary index"
 msgstr "временни�т индек� не може да бъде �ъздаден"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:348
+#: builtin/commit.c:340
 msgid "interactive add failed"
 msgstr "неу�пешно интерактивно добав�не"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:359
-msgid "unable to write index file"
-msgstr "индек�ът не може да бъде запи�ан"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:361
+#: builtin/commit.c:353
 msgid "unable to update temporary index"
 msgstr "временни�т индек� не може да бъде обновен"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:363
+#: builtin/commit.c:355
 msgid "Failed to update main cache tree"
 msgstr "Дървото на о�новни� кеш не може да бъде обновено"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:387 builtin/commit.c:412 builtin/commit.c:461
+#: builtin/commit.c:380 builtin/commit.c:403 builtin/commit.c:449
 msgid "unable to write new_index file"
 msgstr "нови�т индек� не може да бъде запи�ан"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:443
+#: builtin/commit.c:432
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
 msgstr "по време на �ливане не може да �е извърши ча�тично подаване."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:445
+#: builtin/commit.c:434
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
 msgstr "по време на отбиране не може да �е извърши ча�тично подаване."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:454
+#: builtin/commit.c:442
 msgid "cannot read the index"
 msgstr "индек�ът не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:473
+#: builtin/commit.c:461
 msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
 msgstr "временни�т индек� не може да бъде запи�ан"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:592
+#: builtin/commit.c:558
 #, c-format
 msgid "commit '%s' lacks author header"
 msgstr "заглавната ча�т за автор в подаването „%s“ лип�ва"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:594
+#: builtin/commit.c:560
 #, c-format
 msgid "commit '%s' has malformed author line"
 msgstr "заглавната ча�т за автор в подаването „%s“ е неправилна"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:613
+#: builtin/commit.c:579
 msgid "malformed --author parameter"
 msgstr "неправилен параметър към опци�та „--author“"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:621
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid date format: %s"
-msgstr "неправилен формат на дата: %s"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:642
-#, c-format
-msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
-msgstr "�еправилен низ за идентично�т: „%s“"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:675
+#: builtin/commit.c:631
 msgid ""
 "unable to select a comment character that is not used\n"
 "in the current commit message"
@@ -4543,44 +8061,38 @@ msgstr ""
 "не може да �е избере знак за коментар — в текущото �ъобщение за подаване �а "
 "използвани в�ички подобни знаци"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:712 builtin/commit.c:745 builtin/commit.c:1120
+#: builtin/commit.c:668 builtin/commit.c:701 builtin/commit.c:1029
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
 msgstr "�ледното подаване не може да бъде открито: %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:724 builtin/shortlog.c:273
+#: builtin/commit.c:680 builtin/shortlog.c:316
 #, c-format
 msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
 msgstr "(изчитане на �ъобщението за подаване от �тандартни� вход)\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:726
+#: builtin/commit.c:682
 msgid "could not read log from standard input"
 msgstr "�ъобщението за подаване не бе прочетено �тандартни� вход"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:730
+#: builtin/commit.c:686
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
 msgstr "файлът �ъ� �ъобщението за подаване „%s“ не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:752
-msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
-msgstr "�ъобщението за �ливане MERGE_MSG не може да бъде прочетено"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:756
+#: builtin/commit.c:715 builtin/commit.c:723
 msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "�ъобщението за �мачкване SQUASH_MSG не може да бъде прочетено"
+msgstr "�ъобщението за вкарване SQUASH_MSG не може да бъде прочетено"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:760
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not read '%s'"
-msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде прочетен"
+#: builtin/commit.c:720
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "�ъобщението за �ливане MERGE_MSG не може да бъде прочетено"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:831
+#: builtin/commit.c:774
 msgid "could not write commit template"
 msgstr "шаблонът за подаване не може да бъде запазен"
 
-# FIXME
-#: builtin/commit.c:849
+#: builtin/commit.c:792
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -4590,13 +8102,12 @@ msgid ""
 "and try again.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"Изглежда, че подавате �ливане. �ко това не е така, изтрийте файла:\n"
+"Изглежда, че подавате �ливане.  �ко това не е така, изтрийте файла:\n"
 "\n"
 "  %s\n"
 "и опитайте отново.\n"
 
-# FIXME
-#: builtin/commit.c:854
+#: builtin/commit.c:797
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -4606,633 +8117,721 @@ msgid ""
 "and try again.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"Изглежда, че извършвате отбрано подаване. �ко това не е така, изтрийте "
+"Изглежда, че извършвате отбрано подаване.  �ко това не е така, изтрийте "
 "файла:\n"
 "\n"
 "  %s\n"
 "и опитайте отново.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:867
+#: builtin/commit.c:810
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
 "with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Въведете �ъобщението за подаване на промените. Редовете, които започват\n"
+"Въведете �ъобщението за подаване на промените.  Редовете, които започват\n"
 "� „%c“, ще бъдат пропу�нати, а празно �ъобщение преу�танов�ва подаването.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:874
+#: builtin/commit.c:818
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
 "with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
 "An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Въведете �ъобщението за подаване на промените. Редовете, които започват\n"
-"� „%c“, �ъщо ще бъдат включени — може да ги изтриете вие. Празно \n"
+"Въведете �ъобщението за подаване на промените.  Редовете, които започват\n"
+"� „%c“, �ъщо ще бъдат включени — може да ги изтриете вие.  Празно \n"
 "�ъобщение преу�танов�ва подаването.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:888
+#: builtin/commit.c:835
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sAuthor:    %.*s <%.*s>"
 msgstr "%s�втор:   %.*s <%.*s>"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:896
+#: builtin/commit.c:843
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sDate:      %s"
 msgstr "%sДата:    %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:903
+#: builtin/commit.c:850
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sCommitter: %.*s <%.*s>"
 msgstr "%sПодаващ: %.*s <%.*s>"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:921
+#: builtin/commit.c:867
 msgid "Cannot read index"
 msgstr "Индек�ът не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:978
+#: builtin/commit.c:933
 msgid "Error building trees"
 msgstr "Грешка при изграждане на дърветата"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:993 builtin/tag.c:495
+#: builtin/commit.c:947 builtin/tag.c:257
 #, c-format
 msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
 msgstr "Подайте �ъобщението � н�ко� от опциите „-m“ или „-F“.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1095
+#: builtin/commit.c:991
 #, c-format
-msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
-msgstr "�е е открит автор � име „%s“."
+msgid "--author '%s' is not 'Name <email>' and matches no existing author"
+msgstr ""
+"Опци�та „--author '%s'“ не отговар� на форма̀та „Име <е-поща>“ и не �ъвпада � "
+"никой автор"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1110 builtin/commit.c:1350
+#: builtin/commit.c:1005
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid ignored mode '%s'"
+msgstr "�еправилен режим за игнорираните файлове: „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1019 builtin/commit.c:1269
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
-msgstr "�еправилна �тойно�т за не�ледените файлове: „%s“"
+msgstr "�еправилен режим за не�ледените файлове: „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1147
+#: builtin/commit.c:1057
 msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
 msgstr "Опциите „--long“ и „-z“ �а не�ъвме�тими."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1177
+#: builtin/commit.c:1090
 msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
 msgstr "Опциите „--reset-author“ и „--author“ �а не�ъвме�тими."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1186
+#: builtin/commit.c:1099
 msgid "You have nothing to amend."
 msgstr "��ма какво да бъде поправено."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1189
+#: builtin/commit.c:1102
 msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
 msgstr "В момента �е извършва �ливане, не можете да поправ�те."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1191
+#: builtin/commit.c:1104
 msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
 msgstr "В момента �е извършва отбиране на подаване, не можете да поправ�те."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1194
+#: builtin/commit.c:1107
 msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
 msgstr "Опциите „--squash“ и „--fixup“ �а не�ъвме�тими."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1204
+#: builtin/commit.c:1117
 msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
 msgstr "Опциите „-c“, „-C“, „-F“ и „--fixup““ �а не�ъвме�тими."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1206
-msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
-msgstr "Опци�та „-m“ е не�ъвме�тима � „-c“, „-C“, „-F“ и „--fixup“."
+#: builtin/commit.c:1119
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F."
+msgstr "Опци�та „-m“ е не�ъвме�тима � „-c“, „-C“ и „-F“."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1214
+#: builtin/commit.c:1127
 msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
 msgstr ""
 "Опци�та „--reset-author“ може да �е използва �амо заедно � „-C“, „-c“ или\n"
 "„--amend“."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1231
+#: builtin/commit.c:1144
 msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
 msgstr ""
 "Опциите „--include“, „--only“, „--all“, „--interactive“ и „--patch“ �а\n"
 "не�ъвме�тими."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1233
+#: builtin/commit.c:1146
 msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
 msgstr "Опциите „--include“ и „--only“ изи�кват аргументи."
 
-# FIXME bad message
-#: builtin/commit.c:1235
-msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
-msgstr ""
-"Чуде�но �те �е �етили как да поправите �ъобщението на по�ледното подаване "
-"при\n"
-"променен индек�. Споделете и � друг потребител трика � „git commit --amend -"
-"o“."
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1237
-msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i or -o; assuming --only paths..."
-msgstr ""
-"Зададени �а изрични пътища без опциите „-i“ или „-o“. Приема �е, че в�е едно "
-"�те\n"
-"ползвали опци�та „--only“ � ПЪТища…"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1249 builtin/tag.c:728
+#: builtin/commit.c:1160 builtin/tag.c:543
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
 msgstr "�е�ъще�твуващ режим на изчи�тване „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1254
+#: builtin/commit.c:1165
 msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
 msgstr "Опци�та „-a“ е не�ъвме�тима �ъ� задаването на пътища."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1364 builtin/commit.c:1644
+#: builtin/commit.c:1303 builtin/commit.c:1480
 msgid "show status concisely"
 msgstr "кратка информаци� за �ъ�то�нието"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1366 builtin/commit.c:1646
+#: builtin/commit.c:1305 builtin/commit.c:1482
 msgid "show branch information"
 msgstr "информаци� за клоните"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1368 builtin/commit.c:1648 builtin/push.c:500
+#: builtin/commit.c:1307
+msgid "show stash information"
+msgstr "информаци� за �катаното"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1309 builtin/commit.c:1484
+msgid "compute full ahead/behind values"
+msgstr "изчи�л�ване на точните �тойно�ти напред/назад"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1311
+msgid "version"
+msgstr "вер�и�"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1311 builtin/commit.c:1486 builtin/push.c:558
+#: builtin/worktree.c:581
 msgid "machine-readable output"
 msgstr "формат на изхода за четене от програма"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1371 builtin/commit.c:1650
+#: builtin/commit.c:1314 builtin/commit.c:1488
 msgid "show status in long format (default)"
 msgstr "подробна информаци� за �ъ�то�нието (�тандартно)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1374 builtin/commit.c:1653
+#: builtin/commit.c:1317 builtin/commit.c:1491
 msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
 msgstr "раздел�не на елементите � нулеви� знак „NUL“"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1376 builtin/commit.c:1656 builtin/fast-export.c:980
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:983 builtin/tag.c:603
+#: builtin/commit.c:1319 builtin/commit.c:1323 builtin/commit.c:1494
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1001 builtin/fast-export.c:1004 builtin/tag.c:397
 msgid "mode"
-msgstr "режим"
+msgstr "РЕЖИМ"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1377 builtin/commit.c:1656
+#: builtin/commit.c:1320 builtin/commit.c:1494
 msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
 msgstr ""
-"извеждане на не�ледените файлове. Възможните режими �а „all“ (подробна\n"
-"информаци�), „normal“ (кратка информаци�), „no“ (без не�ледените файлове).\n"
-"Стандартни�т режим е: „all“."
+"извеждане на не�ледените файлове.  Възможните РЕЖИМи �а „all“ (подробна "
+"информаци�), „normal“ (кратка информаци�), „no“ (без не�ледените файлове).  "
+"Стандартни�т РЕЖИМ е: „all“."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1380
-msgid "show ignored files"
-msgstr "извеждане на игнорираните файлове"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1324
+msgid ""
+"show ignored files, optional modes: traditional, matching, no. (Default: "
+"traditional)"
+msgstr ""
+"извеждане на игнорираните файлове.  Възможните РЕЖИМи �а "
+"„traditional“ (традиционен), „matching“ (напа�ващи), „no“ (без игнорираните "
+"файлове).  Стандартни�т РЕЖИМ е: „traditional“."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1381 parse-options.h:153
+#: builtin/commit.c:1326 parse-options.h:167
 msgid "when"
-msgstr "кога"
+msgstr "КОГ�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1382
+#: builtin/commit.c:1327
 msgid ""
 "ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Default: all)"
 msgstr ""
-"игнориране на промените в подмодулите. Опци� � незадължителна �тойно�т — "
-"една от\n"
-"„all“ (в�ички), „dirty“ (тези � неподадени промени), „untracked“ (не�ледени)"
+"игнориране на промените в подмодулите.  Опци� � незадължителна �тойно�т — "
+"една от „all“ (в�ички), „dirty“ (тези � неподадени промени), "
+"„untracked“ (не�ледени)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1384
+#: builtin/commit.c:1329
 msgid "list untracked files in columns"
 msgstr "извеждане на не�ледените файлове в колони"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1471
-msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
-msgstr "току що �ъздаденото подаване не може да бъде открито"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1330
+msgid "do not detect renames"
+msgstr "без за�ичане на преименувани�та"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1473
-msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
-msgstr "току що �ъздаденото подаване не може да бъде анализирано"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1332
+msgid "detect renames, optionally set similarity index"
+msgstr "за�ичане на преименувани�та, може да �е зададе коефициент на прилика"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1518
-msgid "detached HEAD"
-msgstr "не�вързан връх „HEAD“"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1352
+msgid "Unsupported combination of ignored and untracked-files arguments"
+msgstr "�еподдържана комбинаци� от аргументи за игнорирани и не�ледени файлове"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1521
-msgid " (root-commit)"
-msgstr " (начално подаване)"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1614
+#: builtin/commit.c:1450
 msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
 msgstr "без информаци� �лед у�пешно подаване"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1615
+#: builtin/commit.c:1451
 msgid "show diff in commit message template"
 msgstr "добав�не на разликата към шаблона за �ъобщението при подаване"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1617
+#: builtin/commit.c:1453
 msgid "Commit message options"
 msgstr "Опции за �ъобщението при подаване"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1618 builtin/tag.c:601
+#: builtin/commit.c:1454 builtin/tag.c:394
 msgid "read message from file"
-msgstr "взимане на �ъобщението от файл"
+msgstr "взимане на �ъобщението от Ф�ЙЛ"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1619
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
 msgid "author"
-msgstr "автор"
+msgstr "�ВТОР"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1619
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
 msgid "override author for commit"
-msgstr "задаване на автор за подаването"
+msgstr "задаване на �ВТОР за подаването"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1620 builtin/gc.c:275
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456 builtin/gc.c:501
 msgid "date"
-msgstr "дата"
+msgstr "Д�Т�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1620
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456
 msgid "override date for commit"
-msgstr "задаване на дата за подаването"
+msgstr "задаване на Д�Т� за подаването"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1621 builtin/merge.c:217 builtin/notes.c:408
-#: builtin/notes.c:565 builtin/tag.c:599
+#: builtin/commit.c:1457 builtin/merge.c:228 builtin/notes.c:402
+#: builtin/notes.c:565 builtin/tag.c:392
 msgid "message"
-msgstr "�ъобщение"
+msgstr "СЪОБЩЕ�ИЕ"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1621
+#: builtin/commit.c:1457
 msgid "commit message"
-msgstr "�ъобщение при подаване"
+msgstr "СЪОБЩЕ�ИЕ при подаване"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1458 builtin/commit.c:1459 builtin/commit.c:1460
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461 parse-options.h:270 ref-filter.h:92
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "ПОД�В��Е"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1622
+#: builtin/commit.c:1458
 msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
-msgstr "преизползване и редактиране на �ъобщението от указаното подаване"
+msgstr "преизползване и редактиране на �ъобщението от указаното ПОД�В��Е"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1623
+#: builtin/commit.c:1459
 msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
-msgstr "преизползване на �ъобщението от указаното подаване"
+msgstr "преизползване на �ъобщението от указаното ПОД�В��Е"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1624
+#: builtin/commit.c:1460
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
 msgstr ""
-"използване на автоматичното �ъобщение при �мачкване за вкарване на "
-"указаното\n"
-"подаване в предното без �леда"
+"използване на автоматичното �ъобщение за вкарване на указаното ПОД�В��Е в "
+"предходното без �леда"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1625
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
 msgstr ""
-"използване на автоматичното �ъобщение при �мачкване за �мачкване на "
-"указаното\n"
-"подаване в предното"
+"използване на автоматичното �ъобщение за вкарване на указаното ПОД�В��Е в "
+"предното"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1626
+#: builtin/commit.c:1462
 msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
 msgstr ""
 "�м�на на автора да �ъвпада � подаващи� (използва �е � „-C“/„-c“/„--amend“)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1627 builtin/log.c:1191 builtin/revert.c:86
+#: builtin/commit.c:1463 builtin/log.c:1446 builtin/merge.c:242
+#: builtin/pull.c:154 builtin/revert.c:105
 msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
 msgstr "добав�не на поле за подпи� — „Signed-off-by:“"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1628
+#: builtin/commit.c:1464
 msgid "use specified template file"
-msgstr "използване на указани� шаблонен файл"
+msgstr "използване на указани� шаблонен Ф�ЙЛ"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1629
+#: builtin/commit.c:1465
 msgid "force edit of commit"
 msgstr "редактиране на подаване"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1630
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466
 msgid "default"
 msgstr "�тандартно"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1630 builtin/tag.c:604
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466 builtin/tag.c:398
 msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
 msgstr "кои празни знаци и #коментари да �е махат от �ъобщени�та"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1631
+#: builtin/commit.c:1467
 msgid "include status in commit message template"
 msgstr "вмъкване на �ъ�то�нието в шаблона за �ъобщението при подаване"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1632 builtin/merge.c:224 builtin/revert.c:92
-#: builtin/tag.c:605
-msgid "key-id"
-msgstr "ИДЕ�ТИФИК�ТОР_��_КЛЮЧ"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1633 builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/revert.c:93
+#: builtin/commit.c:1469 builtin/merge.c:240 builtin/pull.c:184
+#: builtin/revert.c:113
 msgid "GPG sign commit"
 msgstr "подпи�ване на подаването � GPG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1636
+#: builtin/commit.c:1472
 msgid "Commit contents options"
 msgstr "Опции за избор на файлове при подаване"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1637
+#: builtin/commit.c:1473
 msgid "commit all changed files"
 msgstr "подаване на в�ички променени файлове"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1638
+#: builtin/commit.c:1474
 msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
 msgstr "добав�не на указаните файлове към индек�а за подаване"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1639
+#: builtin/commit.c:1475
 msgid "interactively add files"
 msgstr "интерактивно добав�не на файлове"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1640
+#: builtin/commit.c:1476
 msgid "interactively add changes"
 msgstr "интерактивно добав�не на промени"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1641
+#: builtin/commit.c:1477
 msgid "commit only specified files"
 msgstr "подаване �амо на указаните файлове"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1642
-msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
-msgstr "без изпълнение на куката преди подаване (pre-commit)"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1478
+msgid "bypass pre-commit and commit-msg hooks"
+msgstr ""
+"без изпълнение на куките преди подаване и при пром�на на �ъобщението за "
+"подаване (pre-commit и commit-msg)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1643
+#: builtin/commit.c:1479
 msgid "show what would be committed"
 msgstr "отпечатване на това, което би било подадено"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1654
+#: builtin/commit.c:1492
 msgid "amend previous commit"
 msgstr "поправ�не на предишното подаване"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1655
+#: builtin/commit.c:1493
 msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
 msgstr "без изпълнение на куката �лед презапи�ване (post-rewrite)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1660
+#: builtin/commit.c:1498
 msgid "ok to record an empty change"
 msgstr "позвол�ване на празни подавани�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1662
+#: builtin/commit.c:1500
 msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
 msgstr "позвол�ване на подавани� � празни �ъобщени�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1691
-msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
-msgstr "върховото подаване „HEAD“ не може да бъде прочетено"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1730 builtin/merge.c:518
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
-msgstr "файлът не може да бъде прочетен: „%s“"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1737
+#: builtin/commit.c:1573
 #, c-format
 msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
 msgstr "Повреден файл за върха за �ливането „MERGE_HEAD“ (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1744
+#: builtin/commit.c:1580
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
 msgstr "режимът на �ливане „MERGE_MODE“ не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1763
+#: builtin/commit.c:1599
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
 msgstr "�ъобщението за подаване не може да бъде прочетено: %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1774
-#, c-format
-msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
-msgstr "�еизвършване на подаване поради нередактирано �ъобщение.\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1779
+#: builtin/commit.c:1610
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
 msgstr "�еизвършване на подаване поради празно �ъобщение.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1794 builtin/merge.c:850 builtin/merge.c:875
-msgid "failed to write commit object"
-msgstr "обектът за подаването не може да бъде запи�ан"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1615
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
+msgstr "�еизвършване на подаване поради нередактирано �ъобщение.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1827
+#: builtin/commit.c:1650
 msgid ""
 "Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
 "new_index file. Check that disk is not full and quota is\n"
 "not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
 msgstr ""
 "Хранилището е обновено, но нови�т файл за индек� „new_index“\n"
-"не е запи�ан. Проверете дали ди�кът не е препълнен или не �те\n"
-"превишили ди�ковата �и квота. След това изпълнете „git reset HEAD“."
+"не е запи�ан.  Проверете дали ди�кът не е препълнен или не �те\n"
+"превишили ди�ковата �и квота.  След това изпълнете „git reset HEAD“."
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:9
+msgid "git commit-graph [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+msgstr "git commit-graph [--object-dir ДИР_ОБЕКТИ]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:10 builtin/commit-graph.c:16
+msgid "git commit-graph read [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+msgstr "git commit-graph read [--object-dir ДИР_ОБЕКТИ]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:11 builtin/commit-graph.c:21
+msgid ""
+"git commit-graph write [--object-dir <objdir>] [--append] [--stdin-packs|--"
+"stdin-commits]"
+msgstr ""
+"git commit-graph write [--object-dir ДИР_ОБЕКТИ] [--append] [--stdin-packs|--"
+"stdin-commits]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:39 builtin/commit-graph.c:92
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:147 builtin/fetch.c:161 builtin/log.c:1466
+msgid "dir"
+msgstr "директори�"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:8
-msgid "git config [options]"
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:40 builtin/commit-graph.c:93
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:148
+msgid "The object directory to store the graph"
+msgstr "ДИРектори�та_�_ОБЕКТИ за запазване на гра̀фа"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:95
+msgid "scan pack-indexes listed by stdin for commits"
+msgstr ""
+"проверка на подавани�та за индек�ите на пакетите изброени на командни� ред"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:97
+msgid "start walk at commits listed by stdin"
+msgstr "започване на обхождането при подавани�та подадени на �тандартни� вход"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:99
+msgid "include all commits already in the commit-graph file"
+msgstr ""
+"включване на в�ички подавани�, които вече �а във файла � гра̀фа на подавани�та"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:108
+msgid "cannot use both --stdin-commits and --stdin-packs"
+msgstr "опциите „--stdin-commits“ и „--stdin-packs“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:10
+msgid "git config [<options>]"
 msgstr "git config [ОПЦИЯ…]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:53
+#: builtin/config.c:101
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized --type argument, %s"
+msgstr "непознат аргумент „--type“: %s"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:123
 msgid "Config file location"
 msgstr "Ме�тоположение на конфигурационни� файл"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:54
+#: builtin/config.c:124
 msgid "use global config file"
 msgstr "използване на глобални� конфигурационен файл"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:55
+#: builtin/config.c:125
 msgid "use system config file"
 msgstr "използване на �и�темни� конфигурационен файл"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:56
+#: builtin/config.c:126
 msgid "use repository config file"
 msgstr "използване на конфигурационни� файл на хранилището"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:57
+#: builtin/config.c:127
 msgid "use given config file"
-msgstr "използване на зададени� конфигурационен файл"
+msgstr "използване на зададени� конфигурационен Ф�ЙЛ"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:58
+#: builtin/config.c:128
 msgid "blob-id"
-msgstr "идентификатор на BLOB"
+msgstr "ИДЕ�ТИФИК�ТОР"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:58
+#: builtin/config.c:128
 msgid "read config from given blob object"
 msgstr ""
-"изчитане на конфигураци�та от BLOB � този идентификатор на �ъдържанието"
+"изчитане на конфигураци�та от BLOB � този ИДЕ�ТИФИК�ТОР на �ъдържанието"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:59
+#: builtin/config.c:129
 msgid "Action"
 msgstr "Дей�твие"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:60
+#: builtin/config.c:130
 msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "извеждане на �тойно�т: ИМЕ [РЕГУЛЯРЕ�_ИЗР�З_З�_СТОЙ�ОСТТ�]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:61
+#: builtin/config.c:131
 msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
 msgstr "извеждане на в�ички �тойно�ти: ключ [РЕГУЛЯРЕ�_ИЗР�З_З�_СТОЙ�ОСТТ�]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:62
+#: builtin/config.c:132
 msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
 msgstr ""
 "извеждане на �тойно�тите за РЕГУЛЯР�и�_ИЗР�З: РЕГУЛЯРЕ�_ИЗР�З_З�_ИМЕТО "
 "[РЕГУЛЯРЕ�_ИЗР�З_З�_СТОЙ�ОСТТ�]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:63
+#: builtin/config.c:133
 msgid "get value specific for the URL: section[.var] URL"
 msgstr "извеждане на �тойно�тта за указани� адре�: Р�ЗДЕЛ[.ПРОМЕ�ЛИВ�] �ДРЕС"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:64
+#: builtin/config.c:134
 msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
 msgstr ""
 "зам�на на в�ички �ъвпадащи променливи: ИМЕ СТОЙ�ОСТ "
 "[РЕГУЛЯРЕ�_ИЗР�З_З�_СТОЙ�ОСТТ�]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:65
+#: builtin/config.c:135
 msgid "add a new variable: name value"
 msgstr "добав�не на нова променлива: ИМЕ СТОЙ�ОСТ"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:66
+#: builtin/config.c:136
 msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "изтриване на променлива: ИМЕ [РЕГУЛЯРЕ�_ИЗР�З_З�_СТОЙ�ОСТТ�]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:67
+#: builtin/config.c:137
 msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "изтриване на в�ички �ъвпадащи: ИМЕ [РЕГУЛЯРЕ�_ИЗР�З_З�_СТОЙ�ОСТТ�]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:68
+#: builtin/config.c:138
 msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
 msgstr "преименуване на раздел: СТ�РО_ИМЕ �ОВО_ИМЕ"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:69
+#: builtin/config.c:139
 msgid "remove a section: name"
 msgstr "изтриване на раздел: ИМЕ"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:70
+#: builtin/config.c:140
 msgid "list all"
 msgstr "избро�ване на в�ички"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:71
+#: builtin/config.c:141
 msgid "open an editor"
 msgstr "отвар�не на редактор"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:72 builtin/config.c:73
-msgid "slot"
-msgstr "на�тройка"
-
-#: builtin/config.c:72
-msgid "find the color configured: [default]"
-msgstr "извеждане на зададени� цв�т: [�тандартно]"
+#: builtin/config.c:142
+msgid "find the color configured: slot [default]"
+msgstr "извеждане на зададени� цв�т: номер [�тандартно]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:73
-msgid "find the color setting: [stdout-is-tty]"
-msgstr "извеждане на зададени� цв�т: [�тандартни�т изход е терминал]"
+#: builtin/config.c:143
+msgid "find the color setting: slot [stdout-is-tty]"
+msgstr "извеждане на зададени� цв�т: номер (�тандартни�т изход е терминал)"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:74
+#: builtin/config.c:144
 msgid "Type"
 msgstr "Вид"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:75
+#: builtin/config.c:145
+msgid "value is given this type"
+msgstr "�тойно�тта е от този вид"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:146
 msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
 msgstr "СТОЙ�ОСТТ� е „true“ (и�тина) или „false“ (лъжа)"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:76
+#: builtin/config.c:147
 msgid "value is decimal number"
 msgstr "СТОЙ�ОСТТ� е ц�ло, де�етично чи�ло"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:77
+#: builtin/config.c:148
 msgid "value is --bool or --int"
 msgstr "СТОЙ�ОСТТ� е „--bool“ (булева) или „--int“ (де�етично ц�ло чи�ло)"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:78
+#: builtin/config.c:149
 msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
 msgstr "СТОЙ�ОСТТ� е път (до файл или директори�)"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:79
+#: builtin/config.c:150
+msgid "value is an expiry date"
+msgstr "�тойно�тта е период на валидно�т/запазване"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:151
 msgid "Other"
 msgstr "Други"
 
-# FIXME NUL byte to null char, terminate -> razdelitel - da stane ednakvo
-#: builtin/config.c:80
+#: builtin/config.c:152
 msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
 msgstr "раздел�не на �тойно�тите � нулеви� знак „NUL“"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:81
+#: builtin/config.c:153
+msgid "show variable names only"
+msgstr "извеждане на имената на променливите"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:154
 msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
 msgstr "при тър�ене да �е уважат и директивите за включване"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:315
+#: builtin/config.c:155
+msgid "show origin of config (file, standard input, blob, command line)"
+msgstr ""
+"извеждане на м��тото на задаване на на�тройката (файл, �тандартен вход, "
+"обект-BLOB, команден ред)"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:156
+msgid "value"
+msgstr "СТОЙ�ОСТ"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:156
+msgid "with --get, use default value when missing entry"
+msgstr "� „--get“ �е използва �тандартна СТОЙ�ОСТ при лип�ваща"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:332
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to format default config value: %s"
+msgstr "неу�пешно форматиране на �тандартната �тойно�т на на�тройка: %s"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:431
 msgid "unable to parse default color value"
 msgstr "неразпозната �тойно�т на �тандартни� цв�т"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:455
+#: builtin/config.c:575
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "# This is Git's per-user configuration file.\n"
-"[core]\n"
+"[user]\n"
 "# Please adapt and uncomment the following lines:\n"
-"#\tuser = %s\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
 "#\temail = %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 "# Това е потребител�ки�т ви конфигурационен файл за Git.\n"
-"[core]\n"
+"[user]\n"
 "# Проверете и разкоментирайте �ледните два реда:\n"
-"#\tuser = %s\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
 "#\temail = %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:590
+#: builtin/config.c:603
+msgid "--local can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr "„--local“ може да �е използва �амо в хранилище"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:606
+msgid "--blob can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr "„--blob“ може да �е използва �амо в хранилище"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:735
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot create configuration file %s"
 msgstr "конфигурационни�т файл „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздаден"
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:55
+#: builtin/config.c:748
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"cannot overwrite multiple values with a single value\n"
+"       Use a regexp, --add or --replace-all to change %s."
+msgstr ""
+"множе�тво �тойно�ти не могат да �е замен�т � една.\n"
+"За да промените „%s“, ползвайте регул�рен израз или опциите „--add“ и „--"
+"replace-all“."
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:90
 msgid "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
 msgstr "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:65
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:100
 msgid "print sizes in human readable format"
 msgstr "извеждане на размерите на обектите във формат ле�но четим от хора"
 
-# FIXME ... instead of *???
-#: builtin/describe.c:17
-msgid "git describe [options] <commit-ish>*"
-msgstr "git describe [ОПЦИЯ…] УК�З�ТЕЛ_КЪМ_ПОД�В��Е…"
+#: builtin/describe.c:22
+msgid "git describe [<options>] [<commit-ish>...]"
+msgstr "git describe [ОПЦИЯ…] [УК�З�ТЕЛ_КЪМ_ПОД�В��Е…]"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:18
-msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
+#: builtin/describe.c:23
+msgid "git describe [<options>] --dirty"
 msgstr "git describe [ОПЦИЯ…] --dirty"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:217
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "head"
+msgstr "о�новно"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "lightweight"
+msgstr "кратко"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "annotated"
+msgstr "анотирано"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
 msgstr "не �ъще�твува анотиран етикет „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:221
+#: builtin/describe.c:271
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
 msgstr "в анотирани� етикет „%s“ лип�ва вградено име"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:223
+#: builtin/describe.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
 msgstr "етикетът „%s“ тук е в�ъщно�т „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:250 builtin/log.c:452
-#, c-format
-msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
-msgstr "�еправилно име на обект „%s“"
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:253
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
-msgstr "„%s“ е неправилен обект „%s“"
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#: builtin/describe.c:317
 #, c-format
 msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
 msgstr "никой етикет не напа�ва точно „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:272
+#: builtin/describe.c:319
 #, c-format
-msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
-msgstr "тър�ене за опи�ание на „%s“\n"
+msgid "No exact match on refs or tags, searching to describe\n"
+msgstr "�ико� вер�и� и етикет не напа�ват точно.  Тър�и �е по опи�ание\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:319
+#: builtin/describe.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "finished search at %s\n"
 msgstr "тър�енето приключи при „%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:346
+#: builtin/describe.c:392
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 "However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
 msgstr ""
 "�икой анотиран етикет не опи�ва „%s“.\n"
-"Съще�твуват и неанотирани етикети. Пробвайте � опци�та „--tags“."
+"Съще�твуват и неанотирани етикети.  Пробвайте � опци�та „--tags“."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:350
+#: builtin/describe.c:396
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
@@ -5241,13 +8840,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "�икой етикет не опи�ва „%s“.\n"
 "Пробвайте � опци�та „--always“ или �ъздайте етикети."
 
-# FIXME - plural
-#: builtin/describe.c:371
+#: builtin/describe.c:426
 #, c-format
 msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
 msgstr "претър�ени �а %lu подавани�\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:374
+#: builtin/describe.c:429
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
@@ -5256,604 +8854,811 @@ msgstr ""
 "открити �а над %i етикета, изведени �а по�ледните %i,\n"
 "тър�енето бе прекратено при „%s“.\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:396
+#: builtin/describe.c:497
+#, c-format
+msgid "describe %s\n"
+msgstr "опи�ание на „%s“\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:500 builtin/log.c:502
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr "�еправилно име на обект „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:508
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is neither a commit nor blob"
+msgstr "„%s“ не е нито подаване, нито обект-BLOB"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:522
 msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
 msgstr "откриване на етикета, който �ледва подаване"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:397
+#: builtin/describe.c:523
 msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
 msgstr ""
 "извеждане на информаци� за тра�иране на �тратеги�та за тър�ене на "
 "�тандартната грешка"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:398
+#: builtin/describe.c:524
 msgid "use any ref"
 msgstr "използване на произволен указател"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:399
+#: builtin/describe.c:525
 msgid "use any tag, even unannotated"
 msgstr "използване на в�еки етикет — включително и неанотираните"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:400
+#: builtin/describe.c:526
 msgid "always use long format"
 msgstr "винаги да �е ползва дълги�т формат"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:401
+#: builtin/describe.c:527
 msgid "only follow first parent"
 msgstr "про�лед�ване �амо на първи� родител"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:404
+#: builtin/describe.c:530
 msgid "only output exact matches"
 msgstr "извеждане �амо на точните �ъвпадени�"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:406
+#: builtin/describe.c:532
 msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
 msgstr "да �е тър�и �амо в този БРОЙ по�ледни етикети (�тандартно: 10)"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:408
+#: builtin/describe.c:534
 msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
 msgstr "да �е тър�и �амо измежду етикетите напа�ващи този Ш�БЛО�"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:410 builtin/name-rev.c:318
+#: builtin/describe.c:536
+msgid "do not consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "да не �е тър�и измежду етикетите напа�ващи този Ш�БЛО�"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:538 builtin/name-rev.c:406
 msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
 msgstr "извеждане на �ъкратено име на обект като резервен вариант"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:411
+#: builtin/describe.c:539 builtin/describe.c:542
 msgid "mark"
 msgstr "М�РКЕР"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:412
+#: builtin/describe.c:540
 msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
 msgstr "добав�не на такъв М�РКЕР на работното дърво (�тандартно е „-dirty“)"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:430
+#: builtin/describe.c:543
+msgid "append <mark> on broken working tree (default: \"-broken\")"
+msgstr ""
+"добав�не на такъв М�РКЕР на �чупеното работно дърво (�тандартно е „-broken“)"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:561
 msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
 msgstr "Опциите „--long“ и „--abbrev=0“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:456
+#: builtin/describe.c:590
 msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
 msgstr "�е �а открити имена — нищо не може да бъде опи�ано."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:476
+#: builtin/describe.c:640
 msgid "--dirty is incompatible with commit-ishes"
 msgstr "опци�та „--dirty“ е не�ъвме�тима � указател към подаване"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:86
+#: builtin/describe.c:642
+msgid "--broken is incompatible with commit-ishes"
+msgstr "опци�та „--broken“ е не�ъвме�тима � указател към подаване"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
 msgstr "„%s“: не е нито обикновен файл, нито �имволна връзка"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:237
+#: builtin/diff.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid option: %s"
 msgstr "неправилна опци�: %s"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:358
+#: builtin/diff.c:356
 msgid "Not a git repository"
 msgstr "�е е хранилище на Git"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:401
+#: builtin/diff.c:399
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
 msgstr "зададен е неправилен обект „%s“."
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:410
+#: builtin/diff.c:408
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
-msgstr "зададени �а повече от 2 обекта: „%s“"
+msgstr "зададени �а повече от 2 обекта-BLOB: „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:417
+#: builtin/diff.c:413
 #, c-format
 msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
 msgstr "зададен е неподдържан обект „%s“."
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:24
+#: builtin/difftool.c:29
+msgid "git difftool [<options>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git difftool [ОПЦИЯ…] [ПОД�В��Е [ПОД�В��Е]] [[--] ПЪТ…]"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:259
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed: %d"
+msgstr "неу�пешно дей�твие � изходен код: %d"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink %s"
+msgstr "�имволната връзка „%s“ не може да бъде прочетена"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink file %s"
+msgstr "файлът, �очен от �имволната връзка „%s“, не може да бъде прочетен"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:311
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read object %s for symlink %s"
+msgstr "обектът „%s“ за �имволната връзка „%s“ не може да бъде прочетен"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:412
+msgid ""
+"combined diff formats('-c' and '--cc') are not supported in\n"
+"directory diff mode('-d' and '--dir-diff')."
+msgstr ""
+"комбинираните формати на разликите („-c“ и „--cc“) не �е поддържат\n"
+"в режима за разлики върху директории („-d“ и „--dir-diff“)."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "both files modified: '%s' and '%s'."
+msgstr "и двата файла �а променени: „%s“ и „%s“."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:634
+msgid "working tree file has been left."
+msgstr "работното дърво е изо�тавено."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:645
+#, c-format
+msgid "temporary files exist in '%s'."
+msgstr "в „%s“ има временни файлове."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:646
+msgid "you may want to cleanup or recover these."
+msgstr "възможно е да ги изчи�тите или въз�тановите"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:695
+msgid "use `diff.guitool` instead of `diff.tool`"
+msgstr "използвайте „diff.guitool“ вме�то „diff.tool“"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:697
+msgid "perform a full-directory diff"
+msgstr "разлика по директории"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:699
+msgid "do not prompt before launching a diff tool"
+msgstr "�тартиране на ПРОГР�М�та за разлики без предупреждение"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:704
+msgid "use symlinks in dir-diff mode"
+msgstr "�ледване на �имволните връзки при разлика по директории"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:705
+msgid "<tool>"
+msgstr "ПРОГР�М�"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:706
+msgid "use the specified diff tool"
+msgstr "използване на указаната ПРОГР�М�"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:708
+msgid "print a list of diff tools that may be used with `--tool`"
+msgstr ""
+"извеждане на �пи�ък � в�ички ПРОГР�Ми, които може да �е ползват � опци�та „--"
+"tool“"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:711
+msgid ""
+"make 'git-difftool' exit when an invoked diff tool returns a non - zero exit "
+"code"
+msgstr ""
+"„git-difftool“ да �пре работа, когато �тартираната ПРОГР�М� завърши � "
+"ненулев код"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:713
+msgid "<command>"
+msgstr "КОМ��Д�"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:714
+msgid "specify a custom command for viewing diffs"
+msgstr "команда за разглеждане на разлики"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:738
+msgid "no <tool> given for --tool=<tool>"
+msgstr "не е зададена програма за „--tool=ПРОГР�М�“"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:745
+msgid "no <cmd> given for --extcmd=<cmd>"
+msgstr "не е зададена команда за „--extcmd=КОМ��Д�“"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:27
 msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 msgstr "git fast-export [ОПЦИИ_З�_СПИСЪК�_С_ВЕРСИИ]"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:979
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1000
 msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
 msgstr "Съобщение за напредъка на в�еки такъв БРОЙ обекта"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:981
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1002
 msgid "select handling of signed tags"
 msgstr "Как да �е обработват подпи�аните етикети"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:984
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1005
 msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
 msgstr "Как да �е обработват етикетите на филтрираните обекти"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:987
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1008
 msgid "Dump marks to this file"
-msgstr "Запазване на маркерите в този файл"
+msgstr "Запазване на маркерите в този Ф�ЙЛ"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:989
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1010
 msgid "Import marks from this file"
-msgstr "Вна��не на маркерите от този файл"
+msgstr "Вна��не на маркерите от този Ф�ЙЛ"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:991
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1012
 msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
 msgstr "Да �е използва изку�твено име на човек при лип�а на задаващ етикета"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:993
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1014
 msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
 msgstr "Извеждане на ц�лото дърво за в��ко подаване"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:995
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1016
 msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
 msgstr "Използване на маркер за завършване на потока"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:996
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1017
 msgid "Skip output of blob data"
-msgstr "Без извеждане на �ъдържанието на обектите BLOB"
+msgstr "Без извеждане на �ъдържанието на обектите-BLOB"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:997
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1018
 msgid "refspec"
-msgstr "указател на вер�и�"
+msgstr "УК�З�ТЕЛ_��_ВЕРСИЯ"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:998
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1019
 msgid "Apply refspec to exported refs"
-msgstr "Прилагане на указател� на вер�и� към изне�ените указатели"
+msgstr "Прилагане на УК�З�ТЕЛ�_��_ВЕРСИЯ към изне�ените указатели"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:999
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1020
 msgid "anonymize output"
 msgstr "анонимизиране на извежданата информаци�"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:20
+#: builtin/fetch.c:26
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
 msgstr "git fetch [ОПЦИЯ…] [ХР��ИЛИЩЕ [УК�З�ТЕЛ…]]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:21
+#: builtin/fetch.c:27
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
 msgstr "git fetch [ОПЦИЯ…] ГРУП�"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:22
+#: builtin/fetch.c:28
 msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
 msgstr "git fetch --multiple [ОПЦИЯ…] [(ХР��ИЛИЩЕ | ГРУП�)…]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:23
+#: builtin/fetch.c:29
 msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
 msgstr "git fetch --all [ОПЦИЯ…]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:90
+#: builtin/fetch.c:123 builtin/pull.c:193
 msgid "fetch from all remotes"
 msgstr "до�тав�не от в�ички отдалечени хранилища"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:92
+#: builtin/fetch.c:125 builtin/pull.c:196
 msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
 msgstr "добав�не към „.git/FETCH_HEAD“ вме�то зам�на"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:94
+#: builtin/fetch.c:127 builtin/pull.c:199
 msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
 msgstr "отдалечен път, където да �е качи пакетът"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:95
+#: builtin/fetch.c:128 builtin/pull.c:201
 msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
 msgstr "принудително презапи�ване на локални� клон"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:97
+#: builtin/fetch.c:130
 msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
 msgstr "до�тав�не от множе�тво отдалечени хранилища"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:99
+#: builtin/fetch.c:132 builtin/pull.c:203
 msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
 msgstr "до�тав�не на в�ички етикети и принадлежащи обекти"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:101
+#: builtin/fetch.c:134
 msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
 msgstr "без до�тав�нето на в�ички етикети „--no-tags“"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:103
+#: builtin/fetch.c:136
+msgid "number of submodules fetched in parallel"
+msgstr "брой подмодули до�тавени паралелно"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:138 builtin/pull.c:206
 msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
 msgstr "ока�тр�не на клоните �лед�щи вече не�ъще�твуващи отдалечени клони"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:104
+#: builtin/fetch.c:140
+msgid "prune local tags no longer on remote and clobber changed tags"
+msgstr ""
+"ока�тр�не на локалните етикети, които вече не �ъще�твуват в отдалеченото "
+"хранилище и махане на променените"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:141 builtin/fetch.c:164 builtin/pull.c:131
 msgid "on-demand"
-msgstr "при нужда"
+msgstr "ПРИ �УЖД�"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:105
+#: builtin/fetch.c:142
 msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
 msgstr "управление на рекур�ивното до�тав�не на подмодулите"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:109
+#: builtin/fetch.c:146 builtin/pull.c:214
 msgid "keep downloaded pack"
 msgstr "запазване на изтеглените пакети � обекти"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:111
+#: builtin/fetch.c:148
 msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
 msgstr "позвол�ване на обнов�ването на указател� „HEAD“"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:114
+#: builtin/fetch.c:151 builtin/fetch.c:157 builtin/pull.c:217
 msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
 msgstr "задълбочаване на и�тори�та на плитко хранилище"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:116
+#: builtin/fetch.c:153
+msgid "deepen history of shallow repository based on time"
+msgstr "задълбочаване на и�тори�та на плитко хранилище до определено време"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:159 builtin/pull.c:220
 msgid "convert to a complete repository"
 msgstr "превръщане в пълно хранилище"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:118 builtin/log.c:1208
-msgid "dir"
-msgstr "директори�"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:119
+#: builtin/fetch.c:162
 msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
 msgstr "добав�не на това пред път� на подмодула"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:122
-msgid "default mode for recursion"
-msgstr "�тандартен режим на рекур�и�"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:165
+msgid ""
+"default for recursive fetching of submodules (lower priority than config "
+"files)"
+msgstr ""
+"�тандартно рекур�ивно изтегл�не на подмодулите (файловете � на�тройки �а � "
+"приоритет)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:124
+#: builtin/fetch.c:169 builtin/pull.c:223
 msgid "accept refs that update .git/shallow"
 msgstr "приемане на указатели, които обнов�ват „.git/shallow“"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:125
+#: builtin/fetch.c:170 builtin/pull.c:225
 msgid "refmap"
-msgstr "карта � указатели"
+msgstr "К�РТ�_С_УК�З�ТЕЛИ"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:126
+#: builtin/fetch.c:171 builtin/pull.c:226
 msgid "specify fetch refmap"
-msgstr "указване на картата � указатели за до�тав�не"
+msgstr "указване на К�РТ�та_С_УК�З�ТЕЛИ за до�тав�не"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:376
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/ls-remote.c:77 builtin/push.c:582
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:172
+msgid "server-specific"
+msgstr "�пецифични за �ървъра"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/ls-remote.c:77 builtin/push.c:582
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:173
+msgid "option to transmit"
+msgstr "опци� за прено�"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:442
 msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
 msgstr "Указател�т „HEAD“ в отдалеченото хранилище не може да бъде открит"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:454
+#: builtin/fetch.c:560
+#, c-format
+msgid "configuration fetch.output contains invalid value %s"
+msgstr "на�тройката „fetch.output“ е � неправилна �тойно�т „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:653
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s not found"
 msgstr "обектът „%s“ лип�ва"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:459
+#: builtin/fetch.c:657
 msgid "[up to date]"
 msgstr "[актуализиран]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:473
-#, c-format
-msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
-msgstr "! %-*s %-*s → %s  (в текущи� клон не може да �е до�тав�)"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:474 builtin/fetch.c:560
+#: builtin/fetch.c:670 builtin/fetch.c:750
 msgid "[rejected]"
 msgstr "[отхвърлен]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:485
+#: builtin/fetch.c:671
+msgid "can't fetch in current branch"
+msgstr "в текущи� клон не може да �е до�тав�"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:680
 msgid "[tag update]"
 msgstr "[обнов�ване на етикетите]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:487 builtin/fetch.c:522 builtin/fetch.c:540
-msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
-msgstr "  (локалните указатели не могат да бъдат обновени)"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:681 builtin/fetch.c:714 builtin/fetch.c:730
+#: builtin/fetch.c:745
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr "локален указател не може да бъде обновен"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:505
+#: builtin/fetch.c:700
 msgid "[new tag]"
 msgstr "[нов етикет]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:508
+#: builtin/fetch.c:703
 msgid "[new branch]"
 msgstr "[нов клон]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:511
+#: builtin/fetch.c:706
 msgid "[new ref]"
 msgstr "[нов указател]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:556
-msgid "unable to update local ref"
-msgstr "локален указател не може да бъде обновен"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:556
+#: builtin/fetch.c:745
 msgid "forced update"
 msgstr "принудително обнов�ване"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:562
-msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
-msgstr "(�ливането не е тривиално)"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:595 builtin/fetch.c:828
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
-msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде отворен: %s\n"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:750
+msgid "non-fast-forward"
+msgstr "�ъщин�ко �ливане"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:604
+#: builtin/fetch.c:795
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
 msgstr "хранилището „%s“ не изпрати в�ички необходими обекти\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:622
+#: builtin/fetch.c:815
 #, c-format
 msgid "reject %s because shallow roots are not allowed to be updated"
 msgstr ""
 "отхвърл�не на върха „%s“, защото плитките хранилища не могат да бъдат "
 "обнов�вани"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:710 builtin/fetch.c:793
+#: builtin/fetch.c:903 builtin/fetch.c:999
 #, c-format
 msgid "From %.*s\n"
 msgstr "От %.*s\n"
 
-# FIXME - is the space necessary
-#: builtin/fetch.c:721
+#: builtin/fetch.c:914
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
 " 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting branches"
 msgstr ""
-"н�кои локални указатели не могат да бъдат обновени. Изпълнете командата\n"
+"н�кои локални указатели не могат да бъдат обновени.  Изпълнете командата\n"
 "„git remote prune %s“, за да премахнете о�тарелите клони, които\n"
 "предизвикват конфликта"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:773
+#: builtin/fetch.c:969
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (обектът „%s“ ще �е окаже извън клон)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:774
+#: builtin/fetch.c:970
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (обектът „%s“ вече е извън клон)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:798
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1002
 msgid "[deleted]"
 msgstr "[изтрит]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:799 builtin/remote.c:1063
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1003 builtin/remote.c:1033
 msgid "(none)"
 msgstr "(нищо)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:818
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1026
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
-msgstr "�е може да изтегл�те в текущи� клон „%s“ на хранилище, което не е голо"
+msgstr "�е може да до�тавите в текущи� клон „%s“ на хранилище, което не е голо"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:837
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1045
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
 msgstr "Стойно�тта „%2$s“ за опци�та „%1$s“ не е �ъвме�тима � „%3$s“"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:840
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1048
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
-msgstr "Опци�та „%s“ �е игнорира при „%s“\n"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:896
-#, c-format
-msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
-msgstr "�е �е поддържа до�тав�не от „%s“"
+msgstr "Опци�та „%s“ �е пре�кача при „%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1058
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "Fetching %s\n"
 msgstr "До�тав�не на „%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1060 builtin/remote.c:90
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1289 builtin/remote.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not fetch %s"
 msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е до�тави"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1078
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1335 builtin/fetch.c:1503
+msgid ""
+"--filter can only be used with the remote configured in core.partialClone"
+msgstr ""
+"опци�та „--filter“ може да �е ползва �амо � отдалеченото хранилище указано в "
+"на�тройката „core.partialClone“"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1358
 msgid ""
 "No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
 "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
 msgstr ""
-"�е �те указали отдалечено хранилище. Задайте или адре�, или име\n"
+"�е �те указали отдалечено хранилище.  Задайте или адре�, или име\n"
 "на отдалечено хранилище, откъдето да �е до�тав�т новите вер�ии."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1101
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1395
 msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
 msgstr "Тр�бва да укажете име на етикет."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1143
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1444
+msgid "Negative depth in --deepen is not supported"
+msgstr "Отрицателна дълбочина като аргумент на „--deepen“ не �е поддържа"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1446
+msgid "--deepen and --depth are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "Опциите „--deepen“ и „--depth“ �а не�ъвме�тими една � друга"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1451
 msgid "--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"
 msgstr "опциите „--depth“ и „--unshallow“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1145
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1453
 msgid "--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"
 msgstr "не можете да използвате опци�та „--unshallow“ върху пълно хранилище"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1168
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1469
 msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
 msgstr "към „git fetch --all“ не можете да добавите аргумент — хранилище"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1170
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1471
 msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
 msgstr ""
 "към „git fetch --all“ не можете да добавите аргумент — указател на вер�и�"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1181
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1480
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
 msgstr "��ма нито отдалечено хранилище, нито група от хранилища на име „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1189
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1487
 msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
 msgstr "Указването на група и указването на вер�и� �а не�ъвме�тими"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:13
-msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
-msgstr "git fmt-merge-msg [-m СЪОБЩЕ�ИЕ] [--log[=БРОЙ]|--no-log] [--file Ф�ЙЛ]"
-
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:663 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666 builtin/grep.c:698
-#: builtin/merge.c:197 builtin/repack.c:179 builtin/repack.c:183
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:654 builtin/show-ref.c:178 builtin/tag.c:590
-#: parse-options.h:132 parse-options.h:239
-msgid "n"
-msgstr "БРОЙ"
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <file>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m СЪОБЩЕ�ИЕ] [--log[=БРОЙ] | --no-log] [--file Ф�ЙЛ]"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:664
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
 msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
 msgstr ""
 "вмъкване на журнал �ъ�то�щ �е от не повече от БРОЙ запи�а от �ъкратени� "
 "журнал"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:667
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
 msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
 msgstr "�иноним на „--log“ (о�тар�ло)"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:670
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:672
 msgid "text"
 msgstr "ТЕКСТ"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:671
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:673
 msgid "use <text> as start of message"
 msgstr "за начало на �ъобщението да �е ползва ТЕКСТ"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:672
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:674
 msgid "file to read from"
 msgstr "файл, от който да �е чете"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:676
-msgid "unable to parse format"
-msgstr "форматът не може да бъде анализиран"
-
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1057
-msgid "git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:10
+msgid "git for-each-ref [<options>] [<pattern>]"
 msgstr "git for-each-ref [ОПЦИЯ…] [Ш�БЛО�]"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1072
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:11
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--points-at <object>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--points ОБЕКТ]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:12
+msgid "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref[(--merged | --no-merged) [ПОД�В��Е]]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:13
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--contains [<commit>]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--contains [ПОД�В��Е]] [--no-contains [ПОД�В��Е]]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:28
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
 msgstr "цитиране подход�що за командни интерпретатори на обвивката"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1074
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:30
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
 msgstr "цитиране подход�що за perl"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1076
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:32
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
 msgstr "цитиране подход�що за python"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1078
-msgid "quote placeholders suitably for tcl"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:34
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for Tcl"
 msgstr "цитиране подход�що за tcl"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1081
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:37
 msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
 msgstr "извеждане �амо на този БРОЙ напа�нати указатели"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1082 builtin/replace.c:438
-msgid "format"
-msgstr "ФОРМ�Т"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:39 builtin/tag.c:421
+msgid "respect format colors"
+msgstr "�пазване на цветовете на форма̀та"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1082
-msgid "format to use for the output"
-msgstr "ФОРМ�Т за изхода"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:43
+msgid "print only refs which points at the given object"
+msgstr "извеждане �амо на указателите, �очещи към ОБЕКТ�"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1083
-msgid "key"
-msgstr "ключ"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:45
+msgid "print only refs that are merged"
+msgstr "извеждане �амо на �летите указатели"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1084
-msgid "field name to sort on"
-msgstr "име на полето, по което да е подредбата"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:46
+msgid "print only refs that are not merged"
+msgstr "извеждане �амо на не�летите указатели"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:147 builtin/prune.c:136
-msgid "Checking connectivity"
-msgstr "Проверка на връзката"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:47
+msgid "print only refs which contain the commit"
+msgstr "извеждане �амо на указателите, които �ъдържат това ПОД�В��Е"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:540
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:48
+msgid "print only refs which don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "извеждане �амо на указателите, които не �ъдържат това ПОД�В��Е"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:569
 msgid "Checking object directories"
 msgstr "Проверка на директориите � обекти"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:603
-msgid "git fsck [options] [<object>...]"
+#: builtin/fsck.c:661
+msgid "git fsck [<options>] [<object>...]"
 msgstr "git fsck [ОПЦИЯ…] [ОБЕКТ…]"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:609
+#: builtin/fsck.c:667
 msgid "show unreachable objects"
 msgstr "показване на недо�тижимите обекти"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:610
+#: builtin/fsck.c:668
 msgid "show dangling objects"
 msgstr "показване на обектите извън клоните"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:611
+#: builtin/fsck.c:669
 msgid "report tags"
 msgstr "показване на етикетите"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:612
+#: builtin/fsck.c:670
 msgid "report root nodes"
 msgstr "показване на кореновите възли"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:613
+#: builtin/fsck.c:671
 msgid "make index objects head nodes"
 msgstr "задаване на обекти от индек�а да �а коренови"
 
 # FIXME bad message
-#: builtin/fsck.c:614
+#: builtin/fsck.c:672
 msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
 msgstr "про�лед�ване на указателите от журнала като глави (�тандартно)"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:615
+#: builtin/fsck.c:673
 msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
 msgstr "допълнително да �е провер�ват пакетите и алтернативните обекти"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:616
+#: builtin/fsck.c:674
+msgid "check only connectivity"
+msgstr "проверка �амо на връзката"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:675
 msgid "enable more strict checking"
 msgstr "по-�троги проверки"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:618
+#: builtin/fsck.c:677
 msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
 msgstr "запазване на обектите извън клоните в директори�та „.git/lost-found“"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:619 builtin/prune.c:108
+#: builtin/fsck.c:678 builtin/prune.c:109
 msgid "show progress"
 msgstr "показване на напредъка"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:669
+#: builtin/fsck.c:679
+msgid "show verbose names for reachable objects"
+msgstr "показване на подробни имена на до�тижимите обекти"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:745
 msgid "Checking objects"
 msgstr "Проверка на обектите"
 
-# FIXME plural with ...
-#: builtin/gc.c:24
-msgid "git gc [options]"
+#: builtin/gc.c:33
+msgid "git gc [<options>]"
 msgstr "git gc [ОПЦИЯ…]"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:79
+#: builtin/gc.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fstat %s: %s"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно изпълнение на „fstat“ върху „%s“: %s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:452
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid gc.pruneexpire: '%s'"
-msgstr "�еправилна �тойно�т за на�тройката „gc.pruneexpire“: %s"
+msgid "Can't stat %s"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно изпълнение на „stat“ върху „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:107
+#: builtin/gc.c:461
 #, c-format
-msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
-msgstr "прекалено дълга директори� � обекти „%.*s“"
+msgid ""
+"The last gc run reported the following. Please correct the root cause\n"
+"and remove %s.\n"
+"Automatic cleanup will not be performed until the file is removed.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"При по�ледното изпълнение на „git gc“ бе докладвана грешка.  Коригирайте "
+"причината за\n"
+"не� и изтрийте „%s“.\n"
+"�втоматичното изчи�тване на боклука н�ма да работи, преди да изтриете "
+"файла.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:276
+#: builtin/gc.c:502
 msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
 msgstr "ока�тр�не на обектите, към които нищо не �очи"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:278
+#: builtin/gc.c:504
 msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
 msgstr "изчерпателно тър�ене на боклука (за �метка на повече време работа)"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:279
+#: builtin/gc.c:505
 msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
 msgstr "включване на автоматичното �ъбиране на боклука (auto-gc)"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:280
+#: builtin/gc.c:508
 msgid "force running gc even if there may be another gc running"
 msgstr ""
 "изрично �тартиране на �ъбирането на боклука, дори и ако вече работи друго "
 "�ъбиране"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:321
+#: builtin/gc.c:511
+msgid "repack all other packs except the largest pack"
+msgstr "препакетиране на в�ичко без най-големи� пакет"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:528
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to parse gc.logexpiry value %s"
+msgstr "неразпозната �тойно�т на „gc.logexpiry“ %s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:539
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to parse prune expiry value %s"
+msgstr "неразпозната �тойно�т на периода за ока�тр�не: %s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:559
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto packing the repository in background for optimum performance.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "�втоматично пакетиране на заден фон на хранилището за по-добра "
 "производително�т.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:323
+#: builtin/gc.c:561
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
 msgstr "�втоматично пакетиране на хранилището за по-добра производително�т.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:324
+#: builtin/gc.c:562
 #, c-format
 msgid "See \"git help gc\" for manual housekeeping.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Вижте ръковод�твото за повече информаци� как да изпълните „git help gc“.\n"
+"Погледнете ръковод�твото за повече информаци� как да изпълните „git help "
+"gc“.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:342
+#: builtin/gc.c:598
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "gc is already running on machine '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> (use --force if not)"
@@ -5862,871 +9667,836 @@ msgstr ""
 "проце�а: %<PRIuMAX> (ако �те �игурни, че това не е в�рно, това използвайте\n"
 "опци�та „--force“)"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:364
+#: builtin/gc.c:645
 msgid ""
 "There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
 msgstr ""
 "Има прекалено много недо�тижими, непакетирани обекти.\n"
 "Използвайте „git prune“, за да ги ока�трите."
 
-# FIXME plural ... options
-#: builtin/grep.c:23
-msgid "git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
+#: builtin/grep.c:28
+msgid "git grep [<options>] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
 msgstr "git grep [ОПЦИЯ…] [-e] Ш�БЛО� [ВЕРСИЯ…] [[--] ПЪТ…]"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:218
+#: builtin/grep.c:226
 #, c-format
 msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
 msgstr "grep: неу�пешно �ъздаване на нишка: %s"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:441 builtin/grep.c:476
+#: builtin/grep.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d) for %s"
+msgstr "зададен е неправилен брой нишки (%d) за %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s is the configuration
+#. variable for tweaking threads, currently
+#. grep.threads
+#.
+#: builtin/grep.c:293 builtin/index-pack.c:1535 builtin/index-pack.c:1727
+#, c-format
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
+msgstr "лип�ва поддръжка за нишки.  „%s“ ще �е пренебрегне"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:461 builtin/grep.c:582 builtin/grep.c:623
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
 msgstr "дървото не може да бъде прочетено (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:491
+#: builtin/grep.c:638
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
 msgstr "не може да �е изпълни „grep“ от обект от вида %s"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:547
+#: builtin/grep.c:703
 #, c-format
 msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
 msgstr "опци�та „%c“ очаква чи�ло за аргумент"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:564
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot open '%s'"
-msgstr "„%s“ не може да бъде отворен"
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:638
+#: builtin/grep.c:790
 msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
 msgstr "тър�ене в индек�а, а не в работното дърво"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:640
+#: builtin/grep.c:792
 msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
 msgstr "тър�ене и във файловете, които не �а под управлението на git"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:642
+#: builtin/grep.c:794
 msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr "тър�ене и в �ледените, и в не�ледените файлове"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:644
-msgid "search also in ignored files"
-msgstr "тър�ене и в игнорираните файлове"
+#: builtin/grep.c:796
+msgid "ignore files specified via '.gitignore'"
+msgstr "игнориране на файловете указани в „.gitignore“"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:647
+#: builtin/grep.c:798
+msgid "recursively search in each submodule"
+msgstr "рекур�ивно тър�ене във в�ички подмодули"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:801
 msgid "show non-matching lines"
 msgstr "извеждане на редовете, които не �ъвпадат"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:649
+#: builtin/grep.c:803
 msgid "case insensitive matching"
 msgstr "без значение на реги�търа на буквите (главни/малки)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:651
+#: builtin/grep.c:805
 msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
 msgstr "напа�ване на шаблоните �амо по границите на думите"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:653
+#: builtin/grep.c:807
 msgid "process binary files as text"
 msgstr "обработване на двоичните файлове като тек�тови"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:655
+#: builtin/grep.c:809
 msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
 msgstr "пре�качане на двоичните файлове"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:658
+#: builtin/grep.c:812
 msgid "process binary files with textconv filters"
 msgstr ""
 "обработване на двоичните файлове чрез филтри за преобразуване към тек�т"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:660
+#: builtin/grep.c:814
 msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
 msgstr "навлизане мак�имално на тази ДЪЛБОЧИ�� в дървото"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:664
+#: builtin/grep.c:818
 msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
 msgstr "разширени регул�рни изрази по POSIX"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:667
+#: builtin/grep.c:821
 msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
 msgstr "о�новни регул�рни изрази по POSIX (�тандартно)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:670
+#: builtin/grep.c:824
 msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
 msgstr "шаблоните �а до�ловни низове"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:673
+#: builtin/grep.c:827
 msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
 msgstr "регул�рни изрази на Perl"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:676
+#: builtin/grep.c:830
 msgid "show line numbers"
 msgstr "извеждане на номерата на редовете"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:677
+#: builtin/grep.c:831
 msgid "don't show filenames"
 msgstr "без извеждане на имената на файловете"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:678
+#: builtin/grep.c:832
 msgid "show filenames"
 msgstr "извеждане на имената на файловете"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:680
+#: builtin/grep.c:834
 msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
 msgstr ""
 "извеждане на отно�ителните имена на файловете �пр�мо о�новната директори� на "
 "хранилището"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:682
+#: builtin/grep.c:836
 msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
 msgstr "извеждане �амо на имената на файловете без напа�ващите редове"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:684
+#: builtin/grep.c:838
 msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
 msgstr "�иноним на „--files-with-matches“"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:687
+#: builtin/grep.c:841
 msgid "show only the names of files without match"
 msgstr ""
 "извеждане �амо на имената на файловете, които не �ъдържат ред, напа�ващ на "
 "шаблона"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:689
+#: builtin/grep.c:843
 msgid "print NUL after filenames"
 msgstr "извеждане на нулеви� знак „NUL“ �лед в��ко име на файл"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:691
+#: builtin/grep.c:846
 msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
 msgstr "извеждане на бро� на �ъвпадени�та вме�то напа�ващите редове"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:692
+#: builtin/grep.c:847
 msgid "highlight matches"
 msgstr "оцвет�ване на напа�вани�та"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:694
+#: builtin/grep.c:849
 msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
 msgstr "извеждане на празен ред между напа�вани�та от различни файлове"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:696
+#: builtin/grep.c:851
 msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
 msgstr ""
 "извеждане на името на файла �амо веднъж за в�ички напа�вани� от този файл"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:699
+#: builtin/grep.c:854
 msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
 msgstr "извеждане на такъв БРОЙ редове преди и �лед напа�вани�та"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:702
+#: builtin/grep.c:857
 msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
 msgstr "извеждане на такъв БРОЙ редове преди напа�вани�та"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:704
+#: builtin/grep.c:859
 msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
 msgstr "извеждане на такъв БРОЙ редове �лед напа�вани�та"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:705
+#: builtin/grep.c:861
+msgid "use <n> worker threads"
+msgstr "използване на такъв БРОЙ работещи нишки"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:862
 msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
 msgstr "�иноним на „-C БРОЙ“"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:708
+#: builtin/grep.c:865
 msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
 msgstr "извеждане на ред � името на функци�та, в ко�то е напа�нат шаблона"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:710
+#: builtin/grep.c:867
 msgid "show the surrounding function"
 msgstr "извеждане на обхващащата функци�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:713
+#: builtin/grep.c:870
 msgid "read patterns from file"
-msgstr "изчитане на шаблоните от файл"
+msgstr "изчитане на шаблоните от Ф�ЙЛ"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:715
+#: builtin/grep.c:872
 msgid "match <pattern>"
 msgstr "напа�ване на Ш�БЛО�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:717
+#: builtin/grep.c:874
 msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
 msgstr "комбиниране на шаблоните указани � опци�та „-e“"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:729
+#: builtin/grep.c:886
 msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
 msgstr ""
-"без извеждане на �тандартни� изход. Изходни�т код указва наличието на "
+"без извеждане на �тандартни� изход.  Изходни�т код указва наличието на "
 "напа�ване"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:731
+#: builtin/grep.c:888
 msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
 msgstr ""
 "извеждане на редове �амо от файловете, които напа�ват на в�ички шаблони"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:733
+#: builtin/grep.c:890
 msgid "show parse tree for grep expression"
 msgstr "извеждане на дървото за анализ на регул�рни� израз"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:737
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "pager"
 msgstr "програма за преглед по �траници"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:737
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "show matching files in the pager"
 msgstr "извеждане на �ъвпадащите файлове в програма за преглед по �траници"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:740
+#: builtin/grep.c:898
 msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
 msgstr ""
 "позвол�ване на �тартирането на grep(1) (текущи�т компилат пренебрегва тази "
 "опци�)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:741 builtin/show-ref.c:187
-msgid "show usage"
-msgstr "извеждане на начина на употреба на командата"
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:808
+#: builtin/grep.c:962
 msgid "no pattern given."
 msgstr "лип�ва шаблон."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:866
+#: builtin/grep.c:994
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs"
+msgstr "опциите „--cached“ и „--untracked“ �а не�ъвме�тими � вер�ии."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to resolve revision: %s"
+msgstr "вер�и�та „%s“ не може бъде открита"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1036 builtin/index-pack.c:1531
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
+msgstr "зададен е неправилен брой нишки: %d"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1041
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring --threads"
+msgstr "лип�ва поддръжка за нишки.  „--threads“ ще �е пренебрегне"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1065
 msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
 msgstr ""
 "опци�та „--open-files-in-pager“ е �ъвме�тима �амо � тър�ене в работното дърво"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:892
+#: builtin/grep.c:1088
+msgid "option not supported with --recurse-submodules."
+msgstr "опци�та е не�ъвме�тима � „--recurse-submodules“."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1094
 msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
 msgstr "опциите „--cached“ и „--untracked“ �а не�ъвме�тими � „--no-index“."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:897
-msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
-msgstr ""
-"опциите „--cached“ и „--untracked“ �а не�ъвме�тими � тър�ене във вер�ии."
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:900
+#: builtin/grep.c:1100
 msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
 msgstr ""
 "опциите „--(no-)exclude-standard“ �а не�ъвме�тими � тър�ене по �ледени "
 "файлове."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:908
+#: builtin/grep.c:1108
 msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
 msgstr "опци�та „--cached“ е не�ъвме�тима �ъ� задаване на дърво."
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:82
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
 msgid ""
-"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
-"<file>..."
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"[--] <file>..."
 msgstr ""
-"git hash-object [-t ВИД] [-w] [--path=Ф�ЙЛ|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] Ф�ЙЛ…"
+"git hash-object [-t ВИД] [-w] [--path=Ф�ЙЛ | --no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
+"Ф�ЙЛ…"
 
-# FIXME - list of paths or path...
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
-msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>"
-msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < ПЪТ…"
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:84
+msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
+msgstr "git hash-object --stdin-paths"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:94 builtin/tag.c:610
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
 msgid "type"
 msgstr "ВИД"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:94
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
 msgid "object type"
-msgstr "вид на обекта"
+msgstr "ВИД на обекта"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:95
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
 msgid "write the object into the object database"
 msgstr "запи�ване на обекта в базата от данни за обектите"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
 msgid "read the object from stdin"
 msgstr "изчитане на обекта от �тандартни� вход"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
 msgid "store file as is without filters"
 msgstr "запазване на файла както е — без филтри"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:100
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:102
 msgid ""
 "just hash any random garbage to create corrupt objects for debugging Git"
 msgstr ""
 "�ъздаване и хеширане на произволни данни за повредени обекти за тра�иране на "
 "Git"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103
 msgid "process file as it were from this path"
-msgstr "обработване на файла в�е едно е � този път"
+msgstr "обработване на Ф�ЙЛа в�е едно е � този път"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:41
+#: builtin/help.c:45
 msgid "print all available commands"
 msgstr "показване на в�ички налични команди"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:42
+#: builtin/help.c:46
+msgid "exclude guides"
+msgstr "без въведени�"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:47
 msgid "print list of useful guides"
-msgstr "показване на �пи�ък � пътеводители"
+msgstr "показване на �пи�ък � въведени�"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:43
+#: builtin/help.c:48
 msgid "show man page"
 msgstr "показване на �траница от ръковод�твото"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:44
+#: builtin/help.c:49
 msgid "show manual in web browser"
 msgstr "показване на �траница от ръковод�твото в уеб браузър"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:46
+#: builtin/help.c:51
 msgid "show info page"
 msgstr "показване на информационна �траница"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:52
-msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
-msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [КОМ��Д�]"
+#: builtin/help.c:53
+msgid "print command description"
+msgstr "извеждане на опи�анието на команда"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:58
+msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<command>]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [КОМ��Д�]"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:64
+#: builtin/help.c:70
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
 msgstr "непознат формат на помощта „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:91
+#: builtin/help.c:97
 msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
 msgstr "�еу�пешно �тартиране на „emacsclient“."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:104
+#: builtin/help.c:110
 msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
 msgstr "Вер�и�та на „emacsclient“ не може да �е анализира."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:112
+#: builtin/help.c:118
 #, c-format
 msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
 msgstr "Прекалено �тара вер�и� на „emacsclient“ — %d (< 22)."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:130 builtin/help.c:158 builtin/help.c:167 builtin/help.c:175
+#: builtin/help.c:136 builtin/help.c:158 builtin/help.c:168 builtin/help.c:176
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
-msgstr "неу�пешно изпълнение на „%s“: %s"
+msgid "failed to exec '%s'"
+msgstr "неу�пешно изпълнение на „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:215
+#: builtin/help.c:214
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
 "Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead."
 msgstr ""
 "„%s“: път към неподдържана програма за преглед на\n"
-" ръковод�твото. Вме�то не� пробвайте „man.<tool>.cmd“."
+" ръковод�твото.  Вме�то не� пробвайте „man.<tool>.cmd“."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:227
+#: builtin/help.c:226
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
 "Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."
 msgstr ""
 "„%s“: команда за поддържана програма за преглед на\n"
-" ръковод�твото. Вме�то не� пробвайте „man.<tool>.path“."
+" ръковод�твото.  Вме�то не� пробвайте „man.<tool>.path“."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:352
+#: builtin/help.c:343
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
 msgstr "„%s“: непозната програма за преглед на ръковод�твото."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:369
+#: builtin/help.c:360
 msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "нико� програма за преглед на ръковод�тво не у�п� да обработи за�вката"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:377
+#: builtin/help.c:368
 msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
 msgstr ""
 "нико� програма за преглед на информационните �траници не у�п� да обработи "
 "за�вката"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:423
-msgid "Defining attributes per path"
-msgstr "Указване на атрибути към път"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:424
-msgid "Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So"
-msgstr "Ежедневието в Git в рамките на 20-ина команди"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:425
-msgid "A Git glossary"
-msgstr "Речник � термините на Git"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:426
-msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
-msgstr "Указване на не�ледени файлове, които да бъдат нарочно пренебрегвани"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:427
-msgid "Defining submodule properties"
-msgstr "Дефиниране на �вой�твата на подмодулите"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:428
-msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
-msgstr "Указване на вер�ии и интервали в Git"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:429
-msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)"
-msgstr "Въвеждащ урок за Git (вер�ии поне 1.5.1)"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:430
-msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
-msgstr "Общ преглед на препоръчваните начини за работа � Git"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:442
-msgid "The common Git guides are:\n"
-msgstr "Попул�рните пътеводители в Git �а:\n"
+#: builtin/help.c:415
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is aliased to '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ е �иноним на „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:463 builtin/help.c:480
+#: builtin/help.c:442 builtin/help.c:459
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s%s"
 msgstr "употреба: %s%s"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:496
-#, c-format
-msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
-msgstr "„git %s“ е �иноним на „%s“"
-
-# FIXME merge with next?
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:150
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:158
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to open %s"
 msgstr "обектът „%s“ не може да бъде отворен"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:200
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
 msgstr "неправилен вид на обекта „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:220
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:228
 #, c-format
 msgid "did not receive expected object %s"
 msgstr "очаквани�т обект „%s“ не бе получен"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:223
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:231
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s: expected type %s, found %s"
 msgstr "неправилен вид на обекта „%s“: очакваше �е „%s“, а бе получен „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:265
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
 msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
 msgstr[0] "не може да �е запълни %d байт"
 msgstr[1] "не може да �е запълн�т %d байта"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:275
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:283
 msgid "early EOF"
 msgstr "неочакван край на файл"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:276
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:284
 msgid "read error on input"
 msgstr "грешка при четене на входните данни"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:288
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:296
 msgid "used more bytes than were available"
 msgstr "използвани �а повече от наличните байтове"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:295
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:303
 msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
 msgstr "пакетни�т файл е прекалено гол�м за текущата �тойно�т на типа „off_t“"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:311
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:306 builtin/unpack-objects.c:93
+msgid "pack exceeds maximum allowed size"
+msgstr "пакетни�т файл надвишава мак�имални� възможен размер"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create '%s'"
 msgstr "пакетни�т файл „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздаден"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:316
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:327
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
 msgstr "пакетни�т файл „%s“ не може да бъде отворен"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:330
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:341
 msgid "pack signature mismatch"
 msgstr "не�ъответ�твие в подпи�а към пакетни� файл"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:332
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:343
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
 msgstr "не �е поддържа пакетиране вeр�и� „%<PRIu32>“"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:350
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:361
 #, c-format
-msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
-msgstr "повреден обект в пакетни� файл при отме�тване %lu: %s"
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
+msgstr "повреден обект в пакетни� файл при отме�тване %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:471
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:482
 #, c-format
 msgid "inflate returned %d"
 msgstr "декомпре�ирането � „inflate“ върна %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:520
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:531
 msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
 msgstr "�тойно�тта на отме�тването за обекта-разлика води до препълване"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:528
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:539
 msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
 msgstr "�тойно�тта на отме�тването за обекта-разлика е извън диапазона"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:536
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:547
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown object type %d"
 msgstr "непознат вид обект %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:567
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:578
 msgid "cannot pread pack file"
 msgstr "пакетни�т файл не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:569
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:580
 #, c-format
-msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
-msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
-msgstr[0] "неочакван край на файл, лип�ва %lu байт"
-msgstr[1] "неочакван край на файл, лип�ват %lu байта"
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] "неочакван край на файл, лип�ва %<PRIuMAX> байт"
+msgstr[1] "неочакван край на файл, лип�ват %<PRIuMAX> байта"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:595
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:606
 msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
 msgstr "�ериозна грешка при декомпре�иране � „inflate“"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:686 builtin/index-pack.c:692 builtin/index-pack.c:715
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:749 builtin/index-pack.c:758
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:751 builtin/index-pack.c:757 builtin/index-pack.c:780
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:819 builtin/index-pack.c:828
 #, c-format
 msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
 msgstr ""
 "СЪВП�ДЕ�ИЕ �� СТОЙ�ОСТИТЕ З� СУМИТЕ З� SHA1: „%s“ �� ДВ� Р�ЗЛИЧ�И ОБЕКТ�!"
 
-# FIXME merge with next?
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:689 builtin/pack-objects.c:164
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:256
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:754 builtin/pack-objects.c:198
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:292
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read %s"
 msgstr "обектът „%s“ не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:755
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:817
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object info %s"
+msgstr "�ъще�твуващи�т обект в „%s“ не може да бъде прочетен"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:825
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
 msgstr "�ъще�твуващи�т обект „%s“ не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:769
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:839
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid blob object %s"
-msgstr "неправилен обект BLOB „%s“"
+msgstr "неправилен обект-BLOB „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:842 builtin/index-pack.c:860
+msgid "fsck error in packed object"
+msgstr "грешка при проверката на пакетирани обекти"
 
-# FIXME perhaps invalid object
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:783
+# FIXME perhaps invalid object or pack
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:857
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %s"
 msgstr "неправилен обект „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:787
-msgid "Error in object"
-msgstr "Грешка в обекта"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:789
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:862
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
 msgstr "��кои обекти, на�ледници на „%s“, не могат да бъдат до�тигнати"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:861 builtin/index-pack.c:890
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:934 builtin/index-pack.c:965
 msgid "failed to apply delta"
 msgstr "разликата не може да бъде приложена"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1055
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1135
 msgid "Receiving objects"
 msgstr "Получаване на обекти"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1055
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1135
 msgid "Indexing objects"
 msgstr "Индек�иране на обекти"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1081
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1169
 msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
 msgstr "пакетни�т файл е повреден (нееднакви �уми по SHA1)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1086
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1174
 msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
 msgstr "не може да �е получи информаци� за пакетни� файл � „fstat“"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1089
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1177
 msgid "pack has junk at the end"
 msgstr "в кра� на пакетни� файл има повредени данни"
 
-# FIXME WTF message
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1100
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1189
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
 msgstr ""
-"фатална грешка във функци�та „parse_pack_objects“. Това е грешка в Git, "
+"фатална грешка във функци�та „parse_pack_objects“.  Това е грешка в Git, "
 "докладвайте � на разработчиците, като пратите е-пи�мо на адре�: „git@vger."
 "kernel.org“."
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1123
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1212
 msgid "Resolving deltas"
 msgstr "Откриване на �ъответните разлики"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1133
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1223
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
 msgstr "не може да �е �ъздаде нишка: %s"
 
-# FIXME WTF message
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1175
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1265
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
 msgstr ""
-"фатална грешка във функци�та „conclude_pack“. Това е грешка в Git, "
+"фатална грешка във функци�та „conclude_pack“.  Това е грешка в Git, "
 "докладвайте � на разработчиците, като пратите е-пи�мо на адре�: „git@vger."
 "kernel.org“."
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1181
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1271
 #, c-format
-msgid "completed with %d local objects"
-msgstr "дей�твието завърши � %d локални обекта"
+msgid "completed with %d local object"
+msgid_plural "completed with %d local objects"
+msgstr[0] "дей�твието завърши � %d локален обект"
+msgstr[1] "дей�твието завърши � %d локални обекта"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1191
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1283
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
 msgstr ""
 "�еочаквана по�ледваща �ума за грешки за „%s“ (причината може да е грешка в "
 "ди�ка)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1195
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
 msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
 msgstr[0] "в пакета има %d ненапа�ваща разлика"
 msgstr[1] "в пакета има %d ненапа�ващи разлики"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1220
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1311
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
 msgstr "добавени�т обект не може да �е компре�ира � „deflate“: %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1299
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1388
 #, c-format
 msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
 msgstr "локални�т обект „%s“ е повреден"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1323
-msgid "error while closing pack file"
-msgstr "грешка при затвар�нето на пакетни� файл"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1402
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr "името на пакетни� файл „%s“ не завършва на „.pack“"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1336
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1427
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-"грешка при запи�ването на файла „%s“, о�игур�ващ запазване на директори�"
+msgid "cannot write %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "грешка при запи� на файла „%s“ „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1344
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1435
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-"грешка при затвар�нето на запи�ани� файл „%s“, о�игур�ващ запазване на "
-"директори�"
+msgid "cannot close written %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "грешка при затвар�нето на запи�ани� файл „%s“ „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1459
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
+msgstr "грешка при затвар�нето на пакетни� файл"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1357
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1473
 msgid "cannot store pack file"
 msgstr "пакетни�т файл не може да бъде запазен"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1368
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1481
 msgid "cannot store index file"
 msgstr "файлът за индек�а не може да бъде �ъхранен"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1525
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 msgstr "зададена е неправилна вер�и� пакетиране: „pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>“"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1407
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
-msgstr "зададен е неправилен брой нишки: %d"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1411 builtin/index-pack.c:1590
-#, c-format
-msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
-msgstr "лип�ва поддръжка за нишки. „%s“ ще �е пренебрегне"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1469
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
 msgstr "Съще�твуващи�т пакетен файл „%s“ не може да бъде отворен"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1471
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1596
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
 msgstr "Съще�твуващи�т индек� за пакетни� файл „%s“ не може да бъде отворен"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1518
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1644
 #, c-format
 msgid "non delta: %d object"
 msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
 msgstr[0] "%d обект не е разлика"
 msgstr[1] "%d обекта не �а разлика"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1525
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1651
 #, c-format
 msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
 msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
 msgstr[0] "дължината на веригата е %d: %lu обект"
 msgstr[1] "дължината на веригата е %d: %lu обекта"
 
-# FIXME it is not the cwd it is the previous cwd
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1554
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1688
 msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
 msgstr "Проце�ът не може да �е върне към предишната работна директори�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1602 builtin/index-pack.c:1605
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1617 builtin/index-pack.c:1621
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1739 builtin/index-pack.c:1742
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1758 builtin/index-pack.c:1762
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad %s"
 msgstr "неправилна �тойно�т „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1635
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1778
 msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
 msgstr "опци�та „--fix-thin“ изи�ква „--stdin“"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1639 builtin/index-pack.c:1648
-#, c-format
-msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
-msgstr "името на пакетни� файл „%s“ не завършва на „.pack“"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1780
+msgid "--stdin requires a git repository"
+msgstr "„--stdin“ изи�ква хранилище на git"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1656
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1786
 msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
 msgstr "опци�та „--verify“ изи�ква име на пакетен файл"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:35
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
-msgstr "�е могат да �е дадат права за запи� в директори�та „%s“ на групата"
-
-# FIXME - bad wording insanely
-#: builtin/init-db.c:62
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template name %s"
-msgstr "твърде дълго име на шаблон: „%s“"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1836 builtin/unpack-objects.c:578
+msgid "fsck error in pack objects"
+msgstr "грешка при проверка � „fsck“ на пакетните обекти"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#: builtin/init-db.c:55
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
 msgstr "не може да �е получи информаци� чрез „stat“ за директори�та „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#: builtin/init-db.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
 msgstr "не може да �е получи информаци� чрез „stat“ за шаблона „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#: builtin/init-db.c:66
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
 msgstr "директори�та „%s“ не може да бъде отворена"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#: builtin/init-db.c:77
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
 msgstr "връзката „%s“ не може да бъде прочетена"
 
-# FIXME - bad wording insanely
-#: builtin/init-db.c:99
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
-msgstr "твърде дълго име на �имволна връзка: „%s“"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#: builtin/init-db.c:79
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
 msgstr "не може да �е �ъздаде �имволна връзка „%s“ в „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#: builtin/init-db.c:85
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е копира в „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#: builtin/init-db.c:89
 #, c-format
 msgid "ignoring template %s"
 msgstr "игнориране на шаблона „%s“"
 
-# FIXME bad word insanely
-#: builtin/init-db.c:133
+#: builtin/init-db.c:120
 #, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template path %s"
-msgstr "твърде дълъг път към шаблон: „%s“"
+msgid "templates not found in %s"
+msgstr "н�ма шаблони в „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:141
+#: builtin/init-db.c:135
 #, c-format
-msgid "templates not found %s"
-msgstr "директори�та � шаблоните не е открита: „%s“"
+msgid "not copying templates from '%s': %s"
+msgstr "шаблоните н�ма да бъдат копирани от „%s“: „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:154
+#: builtin/init-db.c:328
 #, c-format
-msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-"шаблоните � неправилен номер на формата %d н�ма да бъдат копирани от „%s“"
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr "файлове от вид %d не �е поддържат"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:192
+#: builtin/init-db.c:331
 #, c-format
-msgid "insane git directory %s"
-msgstr "твърде дълго име на директори� на Git: „%s“"
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е преме�ти в „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:323 builtin/init-db.c:326
+#: builtin/init-db.c:348 builtin/init-db.c:351
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s already exists"
 msgstr "Директори�та „%s“ вече �ъще�твува"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:355
+#: builtin/init-db.c:404
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
-msgstr "файлове от вид %d не �е поддържат"
+msgid "Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Инициализиране наново на �ъще�твуващо, �поделено хранилище на Git в „%s%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:358
+#: builtin/init-db.c:405
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
-msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е преме�ти в „%s“"
+msgid "Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Инициализиране наново на �ъще�твуващо хранилище на Git в „%s%s“\n"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
-#. existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
-#. "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
-#: builtin/init-db.c:418
+#: builtin/init-db.c:409
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
-msgstr "%s%s хранилище на Git в „%s%s“\n"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:419
-msgid "Reinitialized existing"
-msgstr "�аново инициализирано, �ъще�твуващо"
+msgid "Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Инициализиране на празно, �поделено хранилище на Git в „%s%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:419
-msgid "Initialized empty"
-msgstr "Инициализирано празно"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:420
-msgid " shared"
-msgstr ", �поделено"
+#: builtin/init-db.c:410
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Инициализиране на празно хранилище на Git в „%s%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:467
+#: builtin/init-db.c:458
 msgid ""
 "git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--"
-"shared[=<permissions>]] [directory]"
+"shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=ДИРЕКТОРИЯ_С_Ш�БЛО�И] [--"
 "shared[=ПР�В�]] [ДИРЕКТОРИЯ]"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:490
+#: builtin/init-db.c:481
 msgid "permissions"
 msgstr "права"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:491
+#: builtin/init-db.c:482
 msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
 msgstr ""
 "указване, че хранилището на Git ще бъде �поделено от повече от един "
 "потребител"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:493 builtin/prune-packed.c:57 builtin/repack.c:172
-msgid "be quiet"
-msgstr "без извеждане на информаци�"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:525 builtin/init-db.c:530
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
-msgstr "директори�та „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздадена"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:534
+#: builtin/init-db.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
 msgstr "не може да �е влезе в директори�та „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:555
+#: builtin/init-db.c:546
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
@@ -6735,316 +10505,426 @@ msgstr ""
 "%s (или --work-tree=ДИРЕКТОРИЯ) изи�ква указването на %s (или --git-"
 "dir=ДИРЕКТОРИЯ)"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:583
+#: builtin/init-db.c:574
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
 msgstr "Работното дърво в „%s“ е недо�тъпно"
 
 #: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git interpret-trailers [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>])...] "
-"[<file>...]"
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"<token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [<file>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git interpret-trailers [--trim-empty] [(--trailer ЛЕКСЕМ�[(=|:)СТОЙ�ОСТ])…] "
-"[Ф�ЙЛ…]"
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"ЛЕКСЕМ�[(=|:)СТОЙ�ОСТ])…] [Ф�ЙЛ…]"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:92
+msgid "edit files in place"
+msgstr "директно редактиране на файловете"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:25
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:93
 msgid "trim empty trailers"
 msgstr "изчи�тване на празните епилози"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:26
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:96
+msgid "where to place the new trailer"
+msgstr "къде да �е по�тави нови�т епилог"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:98
+msgid "action if trailer already exists"
+msgstr "дей�твие, ако епилог вече �ъще�твува"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:100
+msgid "action if trailer is missing"
+msgstr "дей�твие при лип�ващ епилог"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:102
+msgid "output only the trailers"
+msgstr "извеждане �амо на епилозите"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:103
+msgid "do not apply config rules"
+msgstr "без прилагане на правилата за на�тройките"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:104
+msgid "join whitespace-continued values"
+msgstr "�ливане на �тойно�тите по�ледване от знаци за интервали"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:105
+msgid "set parsing options"
+msgstr "опции при анализ"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:107
 msgid "trailer"
 msgstr "епилог"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:27
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:108
 msgid "trailer(s) to add"
-msgstr "епилог(зи) за добав�не"
+msgstr "епилози за добав�не"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:41
-msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
-msgstr "git log [ОПЦИЯ…] [ДИ�П�ЗО�_��_ВЕРСИИТЕ] [[--] ПЪТ…]\n"
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:117
+msgid "--trailer with --only-input does not make sense"
+msgstr "опци�та „--trailer“ е не�ъвме�тима � „--name-only“"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:42
-msgid "   or: git show [options] <object>..."
-msgstr "   или: git show [ОПЦИЯ…] ОБЕКТ…"
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:127
+msgid "no input file given for in-place editing"
+msgstr "не е зададен входен файл за редактиране на м��то"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:81
+#: builtin/log.c:48
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git log [ОПЦИЯ…] [ДИ�П�ЗО�_��_ВЕРСИИТЕ] [[--] ПЪТ…]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:49
+msgid "git show [<options>] <object>..."
+msgstr "git show [ОПЦИЯ…] ОБЕКТ…"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:93
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid --decorate option: %s"
 msgstr "неправилна опци� „--decorate“: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:127
+#: builtin/log.c:153
 msgid "suppress diff output"
 msgstr "без извеждане на разликите"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:128
+#: builtin/log.c:154
 msgid "show source"
 msgstr "извеждане на изходни� код"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:129
+#: builtin/log.c:155
 msgid "Use mail map file"
 msgstr ""
 "Използване на файл за �ъответ�тви�та на имената и адре�ите на е-поща („."
 "mailmap“)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:130
+#: builtin/log.c:157
+msgid "only decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "�пециален формат �амо на указателите напа�ващи на Ш�БЛО�а"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:159
+msgid "do not decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "без �пециален формат на указателите напа�ващи на Ш�БЛО�а"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:160
 msgid "decorate options"
 msgstr "на�тройки на форма̀та на извежданата информаци�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:133
+#: builtin/log.c:163
 msgid "Process line range n,m in file, counting from 1"
 msgstr ""
-"Обработване �амо на редовете във файла в интервала от n до m включително. "
+"Обработване �амо на редовете във файла в диапазона от n до m включително.  "
 "Броенето започва от 1"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:229
+#: builtin/log.c:259
 #, c-format
 msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
 msgstr "Резултат: %d %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:458
+#: builtin/log.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "git show %s: bad file"
 msgstr "git show %s: повреден файл"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:472 builtin/log.c:564
+#: builtin/log.c:525 builtin/log.c:619
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read object %s"
 msgstr "Обектът не може да бъде прочетен: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:588
+#: builtin/log.c:643
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown type: %d"
 msgstr "�еизве�тен вид: %d"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:689
+#: builtin/log.c:764
 msgid "format.headers without value"
 msgstr "не е зададена �тойно�т на „format.headers“"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:773
+#: builtin/log.c:865
 msgid "name of output directory is too long"
 msgstr "прекалено дълго име на директори�та за изходната информаци�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:789
+#: builtin/log.c:881
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
 msgstr "Файлът-кръпка „%s“ не може да бъде отворен"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:803
+#: builtin/log.c:898
 msgid "Need exactly one range."
 msgstr "Тр�бва да зададете точно един диапазон."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:811
+#: builtin/log.c:908
 msgid "Not a range."
 msgstr "�е е диапазон."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:919
+#: builtin/log.c:1014
 msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
 msgstr "Придружаващото пи�мо тр�бва да е форматирано като е-пи�мо"
 
-# FIXME bad wording insanely
-#: builtin/log.c:998
+#: builtin/log.c:1095
 #, c-format
 msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
 msgstr "неправилен формат на заглавната ча�т за отговор „in-reply-to“: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1026
-msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
+#: builtin/log.c:1122
+msgid "git format-patch [<options>] [<since> | <revision-range>]"
 msgstr "git format-patch [ОПЦИЯ…] [ОТ | ДИ�П�ЗО�_��_ВЕРСИИТЕ]"
 
-# FIXME message WTF why ask it
-#: builtin/log.c:1071
+#: builtin/log.c:1172
 msgid "Two output directories?"
 msgstr "Можете да укажете мак�имум една директори� за изход."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1186
+#: builtin/log.c:1279 builtin/log.c:1932 builtin/log.c:1934 builtin/log.c:1946
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr "�епознато подаване „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1289 builtin/notes.c:887 builtin/tag.c:523
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "�е може да �е открие към какво �очи „%s“."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1294
+msgid "Could not find exact merge base."
+msgstr "Точната база за �ливане не може да �е открие."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1298
+msgid ""
+"Failed to get upstream, if you want to record base commit automatically,\n"
+"please use git branch --set-upstream-to to track a remote branch.\n"
+"Or you could specify base commit by --base=<base-commit-id> manually."
+msgstr ""
+"Следени�т клон не може да бъде у�тановен.  �ко и�кате ръчно да го\n"
+"зададете, използвайте „git branch --set-upstream-to“.\n"
+"Можете ръчно да зададете базово подаване чрез „--base=<base-commit-id>“."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1318
+msgid "Failed to find exact merge base"
+msgstr "Точната база при �ливане не може да бъде открита"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1329
+msgid "base commit should be the ancestor of revision list"
+msgstr "базовото подаване тр�бва да е предше�твеникът на �пи�ъка � вер�иите"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1333
+msgid "base commit shouldn't be in revision list"
+msgstr "базовото подаване не може да е в �пи�ъка � вер�иите"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1382
+msgid "cannot get patch id"
+msgstr "идентификаторът на кръпката не може да бъде получен"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1441
 msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
 msgstr "номераци� „[PATCH n/m]“ дори и при един�твена кръпка"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1189
+#: builtin/log.c:1444
 msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
 msgstr "номераци� „[PATCH]“ дори и при множе�тво кръпки"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1193
+#: builtin/log.c:1448
 msgid "print patches to standard out"
 msgstr "извеждане на кръпките на �тандартни� изход"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1195
+#: builtin/log.c:1450
 msgid "generate a cover letter"
 msgstr "�ъздаване на придружаващо пи�мо"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1197
+#: builtin/log.c:1452
 msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
 msgstr "про�та чи�лова по�ледователно�т за имената на файловете-кръпки"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1198
+#: builtin/log.c:1453
 msgid "sfx"
 msgstr "З��ЦИ"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1199
+#: builtin/log.c:1454
 msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
 msgstr "използване на тези З��ЦИ за �уфик� вме�то „.patch“"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1201
+#: builtin/log.c:1456
 msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
 msgstr "номерирането на кръпките да започва от този БРОЙ, а не � 1"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1203
+#: builtin/log.c:1458
 msgid "mark the series as Nth re-roll"
 msgstr "отбел�зване, че това е N-тата поредна редакци� на поредицата от кръпки"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1205
+#: builtin/log.c:1460
+msgid "Use [RFC PATCH] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "Използване на „[RFC PATCH]“ вме�то „[PATCH]“"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1463
 msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
 msgstr "Използване на този „[ПРЕФИКС]“ вме�то „[PATCH]“"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1208
+#: builtin/log.c:1466
 msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
 msgstr "запазване на изходните файлове в тази ДИРЕКТОРИЯ"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1211
+#: builtin/log.c:1469
 msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
 msgstr "без добав�не/махане на префик�а „[PATCH]“"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1214
+#: builtin/log.c:1472
 msgid "don't output binary diffs"
 msgstr "без извеждане на разлики между двоични файлове"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1216
+#: builtin/log.c:1474
+msgid "output all-zero hash in From header"
+msgstr "в заглавната ча�т „From:“ (от) хешът да е �амо от нули"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1476
 msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
 msgstr "да не �е включват кръпки, които при�ъ�тват в �ледени� клон"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1218
+#: builtin/log.c:1478
 msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
 msgstr ""
 "извеждане във формат за кръпки, а на в �тандартни� (кръпка и �тати�тика)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1220
+#: builtin/log.c:1480
 msgid "Messaging"
 msgstr "Опции при изпращане"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1221
+#: builtin/log.c:1481
 msgid "header"
 msgstr "З�ГЛ�В��_Ч�СТ"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1222
+#: builtin/log.c:1482
 msgid "add email header"
 msgstr "добав�не на тази З�ГЛ�В��_Ч�СТ"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1223 builtin/log.c:1225
+#: builtin/log.c:1483 builtin/log.c:1485
 msgid "email"
 msgstr "Е-ПОЩ�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1223
+#: builtin/log.c:1483
 msgid "add To: header"
 msgstr "добав�не на заглавна ча�т „To:“ (до)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1225
+#: builtin/log.c:1485
 msgid "add Cc: header"
 msgstr "добав�не на заглавна ча�т „Cc:“ (и до)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1227
+#: builtin/log.c:1487
 msgid "ident"
 msgstr "ИДЕ�ТИЧ�ОСТ"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1228
+#: builtin/log.c:1488
 msgid "set From address to <ident> (or committer ident if absent)"
 msgstr ""
-"задаване на адре�а в заглавната ча�т „From“ да е тази ИДЕ�ТИЧ�ОСТ. �ко не е "
-"зададена такава, �е взима адре�а на подаващи�"
+"задаване на адре�а в заглавната ча�т „From“ (от) да е тази ИДЕ�ТИЧ�ОСТ.  �ко "
+"не е зададена такава, �е взима адре�а на подаващи�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1230
+#: builtin/log.c:1490
 msgid "message-id"
 msgstr "ИДЕ�ТИФИК�ТОР_��_СЪОБЩЕ�ИЕ"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1231
+#: builtin/log.c:1491
 msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
 msgstr ""
 "първото �ъобщение да е в отговор на е-пи�мото � този "
 "ИДЕ�ТИФИК�ТОР_��_СЪОБЩЕ�ИЕ"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1232 builtin/log.c:1235
+#: builtin/log.c:1492 builtin/log.c:1495
 msgid "boundary"
 msgstr "граница"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1233
+#: builtin/log.c:1493
 msgid "attach the patch"
 msgstr "прикреп�не на кръпката"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1236
+#: builtin/log.c:1496
 msgid "inline the patch"
 msgstr "включване на кръпката в тек�та на пи�мата"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1240
+#: builtin/log.c:1500
 msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
 msgstr ""
-"използване на нишки за �ъобщени�та. Стилът е „shallow“ (плитък) или "
+"използване на нишки за �ъобщени�та.  СТИЛът е „shallow“ (плитък) или "
 "„deep“ (дълбок)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1242
+#: builtin/log.c:1502
 msgid "signature"
 msgstr "подпи�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1243
+#: builtin/log.c:1503
 msgid "add a signature"
 msgstr "добав�не на поле за подпи�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1245
+#: builtin/log.c:1504
+msgid "base-commit"
+msgstr "Б�ЗОВО_ПОД�В��Е"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1505
+msgid "add prerequisite tree info to the patch series"
+msgstr "добав�не на необходимото Б�Зово дърво към поредицата от кръпки"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1507
 msgid "add a signature from a file"
 msgstr "добав�не на подпи� от файл"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1246
+#: builtin/log.c:1508
 msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
 msgstr "без извеждане на имената на кръпките"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1320
+#: builtin/log.c:1510
+msgid "show progress while generating patches"
+msgstr "извеждане на напредъка във фазата на �ъздаване на кръпките"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1585
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid ident line: %s"
 msgstr "грешна идентично�т: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1335
+#: builtin/log.c:1600
 msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
 msgstr "опциите „-n“ и „-k“ �а не�ъвме�тими."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1337
-msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
-msgstr "опциите „--subject-prefix“ и „-k“ �а не�ъвме�тими."
+#: builtin/log.c:1602
+msgid "--subject-prefix/--rfc and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "опциите „--subject-prefix“/„-rfc“ и „-k“ �а не�ъвме�тими."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1345
+#: builtin/log.c:1610
 msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
 msgstr "опци�та „--name-only“ е не�ъвме�тима � генерирането на кръпки"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1347
+#: builtin/log.c:1612
 msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
 msgstr "опци�та „--name-status“ е не�ъвме�тима � генерирането на кръпки"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1349
+#: builtin/log.c:1614
 msgid "--check does not make sense"
 msgstr "опци�та „--check“ е не�ъвме�тима � генерирането на кръпки"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1372
+#: builtin/log.c:1646
 msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
 msgstr ""
 "изходът може да или �тандартни�т, или да е в директори�, но не и двете."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1374
+#: builtin/log.c:1648
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
 msgstr "Директори�та „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздадена"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1472
+#: builtin/log.c:1741
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read signature file '%s'"
 msgstr "файлът „%s“ � подпи� не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1535
+#: builtin/log.c:1773
+msgid "Generating patches"
+msgstr "Създаване на кръпки"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1817
 msgid "Failed to create output files"
 msgstr "Изходните файлове не могат да бъдат �ъздадени"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1583
+#: builtin/log.c:1867
 msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
 msgstr "git cherry [-v] [ОТД�ЛЕЧЕ�_КЛО� [ВРЪХ [ПРЕДЕЛ]]]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1638
+#: builtin/log.c:1921
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
@@ -7052,323 +10932,381 @@ msgstr ""
 "Следени�т отдалечен клон не бе открит, затова изрично задайте "
 "ОТД�ЛЕЧЕ�_КЛО�.\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1651 builtin/log.c:1653 builtin/log.c:1665
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unknown commit %s"
-msgstr "�епознато подаване „%s“"
-
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:401
-msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+msgid "git ls-files [<options>] [<file>...]"
 msgstr "git ls-files [ОПЦИЯ…] [Ф�ЙЛ…]"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:458
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:517
 msgid "identify the file status with tags"
 msgstr "извеждане на �ъ�то�нието на файловете � еднобуквени флагове"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:460
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:519
 msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
 msgstr "малки букви за файловете, които да �е �четат за непроменени"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:462
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:521
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'fsmonitor clean' files"
+msgstr "малки букви за файловете за командата „fsmonitor clean“"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:523
 msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
 msgstr "извеждане на кешираните файлове (�тандартно)"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:464
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:525
 msgid "show deleted files in the output"
 msgstr "извеждане на изтритите файлове"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:466
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:527
 msgid "show modified files in the output"
 msgstr "извеждане на променените файлове"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:529
 msgid "show other files in the output"
 msgstr "извеждане на другите файлове"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:470
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:531
 msgid "show ignored files in the output"
 msgstr "извеждане на игнорираните файлове"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:534
 msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
 msgstr "извеждане на името на обекта за �ъдържанието на индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:536
 msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
 msgstr "извеждане на файловете, които тр�бва да бъдат изтрити"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:477
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:538
 msgid "show 'other' directories' names only"
 msgstr "извеждане �амо на името на другите (не�ледените) директории"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:540
+msgid "show line endings of files"
+msgstr "извеждане на знаците за край на ред във файловете"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:542
 msgid "don't show empty directories"
 msgstr "без извеждане на празните директории"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:483
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:545
 msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
 msgstr "извеждане на не�летите файлове"
 
-# FIXME not clear about what this option does
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:547
 msgid "show resolve-undo information"
 msgstr "извеждане на информаци�та за отм�на на разрешените подавани�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:487
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:549
 msgid "skip files matching pattern"
 msgstr "пре�качане на файловете напа�ващи Ш�БЛО�а"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:552
 msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
 msgstr "шаблоните за игнориране да �е прочетат от този Ф�ЙЛ"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:493
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:555
 msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
 msgstr ""
 "изчитане на допълнителните шаблони за игнориране по директори� от този Ф�ЙЛ"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:557
 msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
 msgstr "добав�не на �тандартно игнорираните от Git файлове"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:560
 msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
 msgstr "пътищата да �а отно�ителни �пр�мо о�новната директори� на проекта"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:501
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:563
+msgid "recurse through submodules"
+msgstr "рекур�ивно обхождане подмодулите"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:565
 msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
 msgstr "грешка, ако н�кой от тези Ф�ЙЛове не е в индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:502
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:566
 msgid "tree-ish"
 msgstr "УК�З�ТЕЛ_КЪМ_ДЪРВО"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:567
 msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
 msgstr ""
 "�читане, че пътищата изтрити �лед УК�З�ТЕЛ�_КЪМ_ДЪРВО в�е още �ъще�твуват"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:505
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:569
 msgid "show debugging data"
 msgstr "извеждане на информаци�та за изчи�тване на грешки"
 
-#: builtin/ls-tree.c:28
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:9
+msgid ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<repository> [<refs>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=КОМ��Д�]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [ХР��ИЛИЩЕ [УК�З�ТЕЛ…]]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:59
+msgid "do not print remote URL"
+msgstr "без извеждане на адре�ите на отдалечените хранилища"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:60 builtin/ls-remote.c:62
+msgid "exec"
+msgstr "КОМ��Д�"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:61 builtin/ls-remote.c:63
+msgid "path of git-upload-pack on the remote host"
+msgstr "път към командата „git-upload-pack“ на отдалечената машина"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:65
+msgid "limit to tags"
+msgstr "�амо етикетите"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:66
+msgid "limit to heads"
+msgstr "�амо върховете"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:67
+msgid "do not show peeled tags"
+msgstr "без извеждане на про�ледените етикети"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:69
+msgid "take url.<base>.insteadOf into account"
+msgstr "взимане предвид на „url.Б�З�.insteadOf“"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:73
+msgid "exit with exit code 2 if no matching refs are found"
+msgstr "изход � код 2, ако не �е откри�т �ъвпадащи указатели"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:76
+msgid "show underlying ref in addition to the object pointed by it"
+msgstr "извеждане на указател� заедно � обекта �очен от него"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:29
 msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr "git ls-tree [ОПЦИЯ…] УК�З�ТЕЛ_КЪМ_ДЪРВО [ПЪТ…]"
 
-#: builtin/ls-tree.c:126
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:127
 msgid "only show trees"
 msgstr "извеждане �амо на дървета"
 
-#: builtin/ls-tree.c:128
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:129
 msgid "recurse into subtrees"
 msgstr "рекур�ивно обхождане поддърветата"
 
-#: builtin/ls-tree.c:130
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:131
 msgid "show trees when recursing"
 msgstr "извеждане на дърветата при рекур�ивното обхождане"
 
-#: builtin/ls-tree.c:133
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:134
 msgid "terminate entries with NUL byte"
 msgstr "раздел�не на обектите � нулеви� знак „NUL“"
 
-#: builtin/ls-tree.c:134
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:135
 msgid "include object size"
 msgstr "извеждане на размера на обекта"
 
-#: builtin/ls-tree.c:136 builtin/ls-tree.c:138
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:137 builtin/ls-tree.c:139
 msgid "list only filenames"
 msgstr "извеждане �амо имената на файловете"
 
-#: builtin/ls-tree.c:141
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:142
 msgid "use full path names"
 msgstr "използване на пълните имена на пътищата"
 
-#: builtin/ls-tree.c:143
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:144
 msgid "list entire tree; not just current directory (implies --full-name)"
 msgstr ""
 "извеждане на ц�лото дърво, не �амо на текущата директори� (включва опци�та "
 "„--full-name“)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:44
-msgid "git merge [options] [<commit>...]"
-msgstr "git merge [ОПЦИЯ…] [ПОД�В��Е…]"
+#: builtin/mailsplit.c:241
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty mbox: '%s'"
+msgstr "празна пощен�ка кути� mbox: „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:45
-msgid "git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
-msgstr "git merge [ОПЦИЯ…] СЪОБЩЕ�ИЕ HEAD ПОД�В��Е"
+#: builtin/merge.c:51
+msgid "git merge [<options>] [<commit>...]"
+msgstr "git merge [ОПЦИЯ…] [ПОД�В��Е…]"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:46
+#: builtin/merge.c:52
 msgid "git merge --abort"
 msgstr "git merge --abort"
 
-# FIXME -m rather than just m
-#: builtin/merge.c:99
+#: builtin/merge.c:53
+msgid "git merge --continue"
+msgstr "git merge --continue"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:110
 msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
 msgstr "опци�та „-m“ изи�ква �тойно�т"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:136
+#: builtin/merge.c:147
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
 msgstr "��ма такава �тратеги� за �ливане: „%s“.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:137
+#: builtin/merge.c:148
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available strategies are:"
 msgstr "�аличните �тратегии �а:"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:142
+#: builtin/merge.c:153
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
 msgstr "Допълнителните �тратегии �а:"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:192
+#: builtin/merge.c:203 builtin/pull.c:142
 msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
 msgstr "без извеждане на �тати�тиката �лед завършване на �ливане"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:195
+#: builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/pull.c:145
 msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
 msgstr "извеждане на �тати�тиката �лед завършване на �ливане"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:196
+#: builtin/merge.c:207 builtin/pull.c:148
 msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
 msgstr "(�иноним на „--stat“)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:198
+#: builtin/merge.c:209 builtin/pull.c:151
 msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
 msgstr ""
 "добав�не (на мак�имум такъв БРОЙ) запи�и от �ъкратени� журнал в �ъобщението "
 "за подаване"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:201
+#: builtin/merge.c:212 builtin/pull.c:157
 msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
 msgstr "�ъздаване на едно подаване вме�то извършване на �ливане"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:203
+#: builtin/merge.c:214 builtin/pull.c:160
 msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
 msgstr "извършване на подаване при у�пешно �ливане (�тандартно дей�твие)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:205
+#: builtin/merge.c:216 builtin/pull.c:163
 msgid "edit message before committing"
 msgstr "редактиране на �ъобщението преди подаване"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:206
+#: builtin/merge.c:217
 msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
-msgstr "позвол�ване на тривиално �ливане (�тандартно дей�твие)"
+msgstr "позвол�ване на превъртане (�тандартно дей�твие)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:208
+#: builtin/merge.c:219 builtin/pull.c:169
 msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
-msgstr "преу�танов�ване, ако �ливането не е тривиално"
+msgstr "преу�танов�ване, ако превъртането е невъзможно"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:212
-msgid "Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
-msgstr "Проверка, че именуваното подаване е � правилен подпи� на GPG"
+#: builtin/merge.c:223 builtin/pull.c:172
+msgid "verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+msgstr "проверка, че указаното подаване е � правилен подпи� на GPG"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:213 builtin/notes.c:741 builtin/revert.c:89
+#: builtin/merge.c:224 builtin/notes.c:777 builtin/pull.c:176
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "strategy"
-msgstr "�тратеги�"
+msgstr "СТР�ТЕГИЯ"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:214
+#: builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/pull.c:177
 msgid "merge strategy to use"
-msgstr "�тратеги� за �ливане, ко�то да �е ползва"
+msgstr "СТР�ТЕГИЯ за �ливане, ко�то да �е ползва"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:215
+#: builtin/merge.c:226 builtin/pull.c:180
 msgid "option=value"
-msgstr "опци�=�тойно�т"
+msgstr "ОПЦИЯ=СТОЙ�ОСТ"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:216
+#: builtin/merge.c:227 builtin/pull.c:181
 msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
-msgstr "опци� за избраната �тратеги� за �ливане"
+msgstr "ОПЦИЯ за избраната �тратеги� за �ливане"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:218
+#: builtin/merge.c:229
 msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
-msgstr "�ъобщение при подаването �ъ� �ливане (при нетривиални �ливани�)"
+msgstr "СЪОБЩЕ�ИЕ при подаването �ъ� �ливане (при �ъщин�ки �ливани�)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:222
+#: builtin/merge.c:233
 msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
 msgstr "преу�танов�ване на текущото �ливане"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:250
+#: builtin/merge.c:235
+msgid "continue the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "продължаване на текущото �ливане"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:237 builtin/pull.c:188
+msgid "allow merging unrelated histories"
+msgstr "позвол�ване на �ливане на незави�ими и�тории"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:243
+msgid "verify commit-msg hook"
+msgstr ""
+"проверка на куката при пром�на на �ъобщението при подаване (commit-msg)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:268
 msgid "could not run stash."
 msgstr "не може да �е извърши �катаване"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:255
+#: builtin/merge.c:273
 msgid "stash failed"
 msgstr "неу�пешно �катаване"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:260
+#: builtin/merge.c:278
 #, c-format
 msgid "not a valid object: %s"
 msgstr "неправилен обект: „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:279 builtin/merge.c:296
+#: builtin/merge.c:300 builtin/merge.c:317
 msgid "read-tree failed"
 msgstr "неу�пешно прочитане на обект-дърво"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:326
+#: builtin/merge.c:347
 msgid " (nothing to squash)"
-msgstr " (н�ма какво да �е �мачка)"
+msgstr " (н�ма какво да �е вкара)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:339
+#: builtin/merge.c:358
 #, c-format
 msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
-msgstr "Подаване �ъ� �мачкване — указател�т „HEAD“ н�ма да бъде обновен\n"
+msgstr "Вкарано подаване — указател�т „HEAD“ н�ма да бъде обновен\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:371
-msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "Запи�ване на �ъобщението за �мачкване SQUASH_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:373
-msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "Завършване на �ъобщението за �мачкване SQUASH_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:396
+#: builtin/merge.c:408
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Лип�ва �ъобщение при подаване — указател�т „HEAD“ н�ма да бъде обновен\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:446
+#: builtin/merge.c:458
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
 msgstr "„%s“ не �очи към подаване"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:558
+#: builtin/merge.c:548
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
 msgstr "�еправилен низ за на�тройката „branch.%s.mergeoptions“: „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:653
-msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
-msgstr "Командата „git write-tree“ не у�п� да запише обект-дърво"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:677
+#: builtin/merge.c:669
 msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
 msgstr "Поддържа �е �амо �ливане на точно две и�тории."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:691
+#: builtin/merge.c:683
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
 msgstr "�епозната опци� за рекур�ивното �ливане „merge-recursive“: „-X%s“"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:704
+#: builtin/merge.c:698
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write %s"
 msgstr "„%s“ не може да бъде запи�ан"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:793
+#: builtin/merge.c:749
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
 msgstr "От „%s“ не може да �е чете"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:802
+#: builtin/merge.c:758
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Сливането н�ма да бъде подадено. За завършването му и подаването му "
+"Сливането н�ма да бъде подадено.  За завършването му и подаването му "
 "използвайте командата „git commit“.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:808
+#: builtin/merge.c:764
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
@@ -7383,225 +11321,253 @@ msgstr ""
 "Редовете, които започват � „%c“ ще бъдат пропу�нати, а празно �ъобщение\n"
 "преу�танов�ва подаването.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:832
+#: builtin/merge.c:800
 msgid "Empty commit message."
 msgstr "Празно �ъобщение при подаване."
 
-# FIXME - WTF is wonderful.
-#: builtin/merge.c:844
+#: builtin/merge.c:819
 #, c-format
 msgid "Wonderful.\n"
-msgstr "Първи�т етап на тривиалното �ливане завърши.\n"
+msgstr "Първи�т етап на �ливането завърши.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:907
+#: builtin/merge.c:872
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
-msgstr "�еу�пешно �ливане — коригирайте конфликтите и подайте резултата.\n"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:923
-#, c-format
-msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
-msgstr "„%s“ не е подаване"
+msgstr ""
+"�еу�пешно автоматично �ливане — коригирайте конфликтите и подайте "
+"резултата.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:964
+#: builtin/merge.c:911
 msgid "No current branch."
 msgstr "��ма текущ клон."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:966
+#: builtin/merge.c:913
 msgid "No remote for the current branch."
 msgstr "Текущи�т клон не �леди никой."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:968
+#: builtin/merge.c:915
 msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
 msgstr "Текущи�т клон не �леди никой клон."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:973
+#: builtin/merge.c:920
 #, c-format
 msgid "No remote-tracking branch for %s from %s"
 msgstr "�икой клон не �леди клона „%s“ от хранилището „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1129
+#: builtin/merge.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad value '%s' in environment '%s'"
+msgstr "�еправилна �тойно�т „%s“ в �редата „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1075
+#, c-format
+msgid "not something we can merge in %s: %s"
+msgstr "не може да �е �лее в „%s“: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1109
+msgid "not something we can merge"
+msgstr "не може да �е �лее"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1211
+msgid "--abort expects no arguments"
+msgstr "опци�та „--abort“ не приема аргументи"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1215
 msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
 msgstr ""
 "�е може да преу�тановите �ливане, защото в момента не �е извършва такова "
 "(лип�ва указател „MERGE_HEAD“)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1145
+#: builtin/merge.c:1227
+msgid "--continue expects no arguments"
+msgstr "опци�та „--continue“ не приема аргументи"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1231
+msgid "There is no merge in progress (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "В момента не �е извършва �ливане (лип�ва указател „MERGE_HEAD“)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1247
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you merge."
 msgstr ""
-"�е �те завършили �ливане. (Указател�т „MERGE_HEAD“ �ъще�твува).\n"
+"�е �те завършили �ливане.  (Указател�т „MERGE_HEAD“ �ъще�твува).\n"
 "Подайте промените �и, преди да започнете ново �ливане."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1148 git-pull.sh:34
-msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
-msgstr "�е �те завършили �ливане. (Указател�т „MERGE_HEAD“ �ъще�твува)."
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1152
+#: builtin/merge.c:1254
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you merge."
 msgstr ""
 "�е �те завършили отбиране на подаване (указател�т „CHERRY_PICK_HEAD“\n"
-"�ъще�твува). Подайте промените �и, преди да започнете ново �ливане."
+"�ъще�твува).  Подайте промените �и, преди да започнете ново �ливане."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1155
+#: builtin/merge.c:1257
 msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr ""
 "�е �те завършили отбиране на подаване (указател�т „CHERRY_PICK_HEAD“\n"
 "�ъще�твува)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1164
+#: builtin/merge.c:1266
 msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
 msgstr "Опци�та „--squash“ е не�ъвме�тима � „--no-ff“."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1173
+#: builtin/merge.c:1274
 msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
 msgstr ""
 "�е е указано подаване и на�тройката „merge.defaultToUpstream“ не е зададена."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1205
-msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
-msgstr "Можете да �леете точно едно подаване във връх без и�тори�"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1208
+#: builtin/merge.c:1291
 msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
-msgstr "Подаване �ъ� �мачкване във връх без и�тори� в�е още не �е поддържа"
+msgstr "Вкарване на подаване във връх без и�тори� в�е още не �е поддържа"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1210
+#: builtin/merge.c:1293
 msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
 msgstr ""
-"Понеже върхът е без и�тори�, в�ички �ливани� �а тривиални, не може да �е "
-"извърши нетривиално �ливане изи�квано от опци�та „--no-ff“"
+"Понеже върхът е без и�тори�, в�ички �ливани� �а превъртани�, не може да �е "
+"извърши �ъщин�ко �ливане изи�квано от опци�та „--no-ff“"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1215
+#: builtin/merge.c:1298
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
 msgstr "„%s“ — не е нещо, което може да �е �лее"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1266
+#: builtin/merge.c:1300
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr "Можете да �леете точно едно подаване във връх без и�тори�"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1334
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, allegedly by %s."
 msgstr ""
 "Подаването „%s“ е � недоверен подпи� от GPG, който твърди, че е на „%s“."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1269
+#: builtin/merge.c:1337
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has a bad GPG signature allegedly by %s."
 msgstr ""
 "Подаването „%s“ е � неправилен подпи� от GPG, който твърди, че е на „%s“."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1272
+#: builtin/merge.c:1340
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."
 msgstr "Подаването „%s“ е без подпи� от GPG."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1275
+#: builtin/merge.c:1343
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"
 msgstr "Подаването „%s“ е � коректен подпи� от GPG на „%s“.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1356
+#: builtin/merge.c:1402
+msgid "refusing to merge unrelated histories"
+msgstr "незави�ими и�тории не може да �е �ле�т"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1411
+msgid "Already up to date."
+msgstr "Вече е обновено."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1421
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
 msgstr "Обнов�ване „%s..%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1395
+#: builtin/merge.c:1462
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
-msgstr "Проба � най-тривиалното �ливане в рамките на индек�а…\n"
+msgstr "Проба �ъ� �ливане в рамките на индек�а…\n"
 
-# FIXME WTF message
-#: builtin/merge.c:1402
+#: builtin/merge.c:1469
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nope.\n"
 msgstr "�еу�пешно �ливане.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1434
+#: builtin/merge.c:1494
+msgid "Already up to date. Yeeah!"
+msgstr "Вече е обновено!"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1500
 msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
-msgstr ""
-"�е може да �е извърши тривиално �ливане, преу�танов�ване на дей�твието."
+msgstr "�е може да �е извърши превъртане, преу�танов�ване на дей�твието."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1457 builtin/merge.c:1536
+#: builtin/merge.c:1523 builtin/merge.c:1602
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
 msgstr "Привеждане на дървото към първоначалното…\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1461
+#: builtin/merge.c:1527
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
 msgstr "Пробване �ъ� �тратеги�та за �ливане „%s“…\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1527
+#: builtin/merge.c:1593
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
 msgstr "�ико� �тратеги� за �ливане не може да извърши �ливането.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1529
+#: builtin/merge.c:1595
 #, c-format
 msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
 msgstr "�еу�пешно �ливане �ъ� �тратеги� „%s“.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1538
+#: builtin/merge.c:1604
 #, c-format
 msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Ползва �е �тратеги�та „%s“, ко�то ще подготви дървото за коригиране на "
 "ръка.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1550
+#: builtin/merge.c:1616
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
 msgstr ""
-"�втоматичното �ливане завърши у�пешно. Самото подаване не е извършено, "
+"�втоматичното �ливане завърши у�пешно.  Самото подаване не е извършено, "
 "защото бе зададена опци�та „--no-commit“.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:29
-msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>..."
-msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] ПОД�В��Е ПОД�В��Е…"
-
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:30
-msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>..."
-msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus ПОД�В��Е…"
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] <commit> <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] ПОД�В��Е ПОД�В��Е…"
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:31
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus ПОД�В��Е…"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
 msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
 msgstr "git merge-base --independent ПОД�В��Е…"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
 msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
 msgstr "git merge-base --is-ancestor ПОД�В��Е_1 ПОД�В��Е_2"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:34
 msgid "git merge-base --fork-point <ref> [<commit>]"
 msgstr "git merge-base --fork-point УК�З�ТЕЛ [ПОД�В��Е]"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:214
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
 msgid "output all common ancestors"
 msgstr "извеждане на в�ички общи предше�твеници"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:216
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
 msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
 msgstr ""
 "откриване на предше�твениците за еднократно �ливане на множе�тво и�тории"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:218
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:224
 msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
 msgstr "извеждане на недо�тижимите от другите указатели"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:226
 msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
 msgstr "ПОД�В��Е_1 предше�твеник ли е на ПОД�В��Е_2?"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:228
 msgid "find where <commit> forked from reflog of <ref>"
 msgstr "откриване къде ПОД�В��Ето �е е отклонило от и�тори�та на УК�З�ТЕЛ�"
 
-#: builtin/merge-file.c:8
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:9
 msgid ""
-"git merge-file [options] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file "
-"file2"
+"git merge-file [<options>] [-L <name1> [-L <orig> [-L <name2>]]] <file1> "
+"<orig-file> <file2>"
 msgstr ""
 "git merge-file [ОПЦИЯ…] [-L ИМЕ_1 [-L ОРИГИ��Л [-L ИМЕ_2]]] Ф�ЙЛ_1 ОРИГ_Ф�ЙЛ "
 "Ф�ЙЛ_2"
@@ -7635,434 +11601,470 @@ msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
 msgstr "без предупреждени� при конфликти"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:45
-msgid "set labels for file1/orig_file/file2"
+msgid "set labels for file1/orig-file/file2"
 msgstr "задаване на етикети за Ф�ЙЛ_1/ОРИГИ��Л/Ф�ЙЛ_2"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:64
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:45
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option %s"
+msgstr "непозната опци�: „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:51
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "неу�пешен анализ на обекта „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:55
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d base. Ignoring %s."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d bases. Ignoring %s."
+msgstr[0] "не �е поддържа повече от %d база.  „%s“ �е пре�кача."
+msgstr[1] "не �е поддържат повече от %d бази.  „%s“ �е пре�кача."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:63
+msgid "not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "поддържа �е �амо �ливане на точно две и�тории."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:69 builtin/merge-recursive.c:71
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve ref '%s'"
+msgstr "указател�т „%s“ не може да бъде изтрит"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merging %s with %s\n"
+msgstr "Сливане на „%s“ � „%s“\n"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:65
 msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
 msgstr "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:150
+#: builtin/mktree.c:153
 msgid "input is NUL terminated"
 msgstr "входните запи�и �а разделени � нулеви� знак „NUL“"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:151 builtin/write-tree.c:24
+#: builtin/mktree.c:154 builtin/write-tree.c:25
 msgid "allow missing objects"
 msgstr "разрешаване на лип�ващи обекти"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:152
+#: builtin/mktree.c:155
 msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
 msgstr "разрешаване на �ъздаването на повече от едно дърво"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:15
-msgid "git mv [options] <source>... <destination>"
+#: builtin/mv.c:17
+msgid "git mv [<options>] <source>... <destination>"
 msgstr "git mv [ОПЦИЯ…] ОБЕКТ… ЦЕЛ"
 
-# FIXME message<
-#: builtin/mv.c:69
+#: builtin/mv.c:82
 #, c-format
 msgid "Directory %s is in index and no submodule?"
 msgstr "Директори�та „%s“ е в индек�а, но не е подмодул"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:71
+#: builtin/mv.c:84 builtin/rm.c:288
 msgid "Please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
 msgstr ""
 "За да продължите, или вкарайте промените по файла „.gitmodules“ в индек�а,\n"
 "или ги �катайте"
 
-# FIXME message
-#: builtin/mv.c:89
+#: builtin/mv.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "%.*s is in index"
 msgstr "„%.*s“ вече е в индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:111
+#: builtin/mv.c:124
 msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
 msgstr "принудително преме�тване/преименуване дори целта да �ъще�твува"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:112
+#: builtin/mv.c:126
 msgid "skip move/rename errors"
 msgstr "пре�качане на грешките при преме�тване/преименуване"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:151
+#: builtin/mv.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination '%s' is not a directory"
 msgstr "целта „%s“ �ъще�твува и не е директори�"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:162
+#: builtin/mv.c:179
 #, c-format
 msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Проверка на преименуването на обект от „%s“ на „%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:166
+#: builtin/mv.c:183
 msgid "bad source"
 msgstr "неправилен обект"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:169
+#: builtin/mv.c:186
 msgid "can not move directory into itself"
 msgstr "директори� не може да �е преме�ти в �ебе �и"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:172
+#: builtin/mv.c:189
 msgid "cannot move directory over file"
 msgstr "директори� не може да �е преме�ти върху файл"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#: builtin/mv.c:198
 msgid "source directory is empty"
 msgstr "първоначалната директори� е празна"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:206
+#: builtin/mv.c:223
 msgid "not under version control"
 msgstr "не е под контрола на Git"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:209
+#: builtin/mv.c:226
 msgid "destination exists"
 msgstr "целта �ъще�твува"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:217
+#: builtin/mv.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "overwriting '%s'"
 msgstr "презапи�ване на „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:220
+#: builtin/mv.c:237
 msgid "Cannot overwrite"
 msgstr "Презапи�ването е невъзможно"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:223
+#: builtin/mv.c:240
 msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
 msgstr "множе�тво източници за една цел"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:225
+#: builtin/mv.c:242
 msgid "destination directory does not exist"
 msgstr "целевата директори� не �ъще�твува"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:232
+#: builtin/mv.c:249
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
 msgstr "%s, обект: „%s“, цел: „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:253
+#: builtin/mv.c:270
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
 msgstr "Преименуване на „%s“ на „%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:256 builtin/remote.c:726 builtin/repack.c:358
+#: builtin/mv.c:276 builtin/remote.c:715 builtin/repack.c:409
 #, c-format
 msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
 msgstr "неу�пешно преименуване на „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:255
-msgid "git name-rev [options] <commit>..."
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:338
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] <commit>..."
 msgstr "git name-rev [ОПЦИЯ…] ПОД�В��Е…"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:256
-msgid "git name-rev [options] --all"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:339
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --all"
 msgstr "git name-rev [ОПЦИЯ…] --all"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:257
-msgid "git name-rev [options] --stdin"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:340
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --stdin"
 msgstr "git name-rev [ОПЦИЯ…] --stdin"
 
-# FIXME sha
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:309
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:395
 msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
 msgstr "извеждане �амо на имената (без �умите по SHA1)"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:310
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:396
 msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
 msgstr "използване �амо на етикетите за именуване на подавани�та"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:312
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:398
 msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
-msgstr "използване �амо на шаблоните напа�ващи на Ш�БЛО�а"
+msgstr "използване �амо на указателите напа�ващи на Ш�БЛО�а"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:314
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:400
+msgid "ignore refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "игнориране на указателите напа�ващи на Ш�БЛО�а"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:402
 msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
 msgstr ""
 "извеждане на в�ички подавани�, които могат да бъдат до�тигнати от в�ички "
 "указатели"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:315
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:403
 msgid "read from stdin"
 msgstr "четене от �тандартни� вход"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:316
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:404
 msgid "allow to print `undefined` names (default)"
 msgstr "да �е извеждат и недефинираните имена (�тандартна �тойно�т на опци�та)"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:322
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:410
 msgid "dereference tags in the input (internal use)"
 msgstr "извеждане на идентификаторите на обекти-етикети (за вътрешни нужди)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:24
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:26
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] [list [<object>]]"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�] [list [ОБЕКТ]]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:25
+#: builtin/notes.c:27
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) "
-"<object>] [<object>]"
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
+"| (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git notes [--ref УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�] add [-f] [-m СЪОБЩЕ�ИЕ | -F Ф�ЙЛ | (-c "
-"| -C) ОБЕКТ] [ОБЕКТ]"
+"git notes [--ref УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m СЪОБЩЕ�ИЕ "
+"| -F Ф�ЙЛ | (-c | -C) ОБЕКТ] [ОБЕКТ]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:26
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:28
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
 msgstr ""
 "git notes [--ref УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�] copy [-f] ОБЕКТ_ИЗТОЧ�ИК ОБЕКТ_ЦЕЛ"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:27
+#: builtin/notes.c:29
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) "
-"<object>] [<object>]"
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
+"(-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git notes [--ref УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�] append [-m СЪОБЩЕ�ИЕ | -F Ф�ЙЛ | (-c | "
-"-C) ОБЕКТ] [ОБЕКТ]"
+"git notes [--ref УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�] append [--allow-empty] [-m СЪОБЩЕ�ИЕ | "
+"-F Ф�ЙЛ | (-c | -C) ОБЕКТ] [ОБЕКТ]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:28
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [<object>]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�] edit [ОБЕКТ]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:30
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�] edit [--allow-empty] [ОБЕКТ]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:29
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:31
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] show [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�] show [ОБЕКТ]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:30
+#: builtin/notes.c:32
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>"
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy>] <notes-ref>"
 msgstr ""
 "git notes [--ref УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�] merge [-v | -q] [-s СТР�ТЕГИЯ] "
 "УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:31
+#: builtin/notes.c:33
 msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:32
+#: builtin/notes.c:34
 msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:33
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<object>...]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:35
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] remove [<object>...]"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�] remove [ОБЕКТ…]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:34
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�] prune [-n | -v]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:36
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] prune [-n] [-v]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�] prune [-n] [-v]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:35
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref"
+#: builtin/notes.c:37
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] get-ref"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�] get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:40
+#: builtin/notes.c:42
 msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
 msgstr "git notes [list [ОБЕКТ]]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:45
+#: builtin/notes.c:47
 msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes add [ОПЦИЯ…] [ОБЕКТ]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:50
+#: builtin/notes.c:52
 msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
 msgstr "git notes copy [ОПЦИЯ…] ОБЕКТ_ИЗТОЧ�ИК ОБЕКТ_ЦЕЛ"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:51
+#: builtin/notes.c:53
 msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
-msgstr "git notes copy --stdin [ОБЕКТ_ИЗТОЧ�ИК ОБЕКТ_ЦЕЛ]…"
+msgstr "git notes copy --stdin [ОБЕКТ_ИЗТОЧ�ИК ОБЕКТ_ЦЕЛ…]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:56
+#: builtin/notes.c:58
 msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes append [ОПЦИЯ…] [ОБЕКТ]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:61
+#: builtin/notes.c:63
 msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes edit [ОБЕКТ]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:66
+#: builtin/notes.c:68
 msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes show [ОБЕКТ]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:71
-msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes_ref>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:73
+msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes-ref>"
 msgstr "git notes merge [ОПЦИЯ…] УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:72
+#: builtin/notes.c:74
 msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --commit [ОПЦИЯ…]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:73
+#: builtin/notes.c:75
 msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --abort [ОПЦИЯ…]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:78
+#: builtin/notes.c:80
 msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes remove [ОБЕКТ]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:83
+#: builtin/notes.c:85
 msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes prune [ОПЦИЯ…]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:88
+#: builtin/notes.c:90
 msgid "git notes get-ref"
 msgstr "git notes get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:136
+#: builtin/notes.c:95
+msgid "Write/edit the notes for the following object:"
+msgstr "Запи�ване/редактиране на бележките за �ледни� обект:"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:148
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "дей�твието „show“ не може да �е изпълни за обект „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:140
+#: builtin/notes.c:152
 msgid "could not read 'show' output"
 msgstr "изведената информаци� от дей�твието „show“ не може да �е прочете"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:148
+#: builtin/notes.c:160
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "дей�твието „show“ не може да �е завърши за обект „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:166 builtin/tag.c:477
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not create file '%s'"
-msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздаден"
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:185
-msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
-msgstr "Задайте �ъдържанието на бележката � н�ко� от опциите „-m“ или „-F“"
+#: builtin/notes.c:195
+msgid "please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+msgstr "задайте �ъдържанието на бележката � н�ко� от опциите „-m“ или „-F“"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:206 builtin/notes.c:847
-#, c-format
-msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
-msgstr "Изтриване на бележката за обекта „%s“\n"
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:211
+#: builtin/notes.c:204
 msgid "unable to write note object"
 msgstr "обектът-бележка не може да бъде запи�ан"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:213
+#: builtin/notes.c:206
 #, c-format
-msgid "The note contents have been left in %s"
-msgstr "Съдържанието на бележката е във файла „%s“"
+msgid "the note contents have been left in %s"
+msgstr "�ъдържанието на бележката е във файла „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:247 builtin/tag.c:693
+#: builtin/notes.c:234 builtin/tag.c:507
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read '%s'"
 msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:249 builtin/tag.c:696
+#: builtin/notes.c:236 builtin/tag.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
 msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде отворен или прочетен"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:268 builtin/notes.c:319 builtin/notes.c:321
-#: builtin/notes.c:381 builtin/notes.c:435 builtin/notes.c:518
-#: builtin/notes.c:523 builtin/notes.c:598 builtin/notes.c:640
-#: builtin/notes.c:842 builtin/tag.c:709
+#: builtin/notes.c:255 builtin/notes.c:306 builtin/notes.c:308
+#: builtin/notes.c:376 builtin/notes.c:431 builtin/notes.c:517
+#: builtin/notes.c:522 builtin/notes.c:600 builtin/notes.c:662
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
-msgstr "�е може да �е открие към какво �очи „%s“."
+msgid "failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "не може да �е открие към какво �очи „%s“."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:271
+#: builtin/notes.c:258
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
-msgstr "Обектът „%s“ не може да бъде прочетен."
+msgid "failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr "обектът „%s“ не може да бъде прочетен."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:275
+#: builtin/notes.c:262
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
+msgid "cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
 msgstr ""
-"Съдържанието на бележка не може да �е вземе от обект, който не е BLOB: „%s“."
+"�ъдържанието на бележка не може да �е вземе от обект, който не е BLOB: „%s“."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:315
+#: builtin/notes.c:302
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
-msgstr "Дадени�т входен ред е � неправилен формат: „%s“."
+msgid "malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "входен ред � неправилен формат: „%s“."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:330
+#: builtin/notes.c:317
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr "Бележката не може да �е копира от „%s“ към „%s“"
+msgid "failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "бележката не може да �е копира от „%s“ към „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:374 builtin/notes.c:428 builtin/notes.c:501
-#: builtin/notes.c:513 builtin/notes.c:586 builtin/notes.c:633
-#: builtin/notes.c:907
+#. TRANSLATORS: the first %s will be replaced by a git
+#. notes command: 'add', 'merge', 'remove', etc.
+#.
+#: builtin/notes.c:349
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to %s notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr ""
+"н�ма да �е извърши „%s“ върху бележките в „%s“, защото �а извън „refs/"
+"notes/“."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:369 builtin/notes.c:424 builtin/notes.c:500
+#: builtin/notes.c:512 builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:655
+#: builtin/notes.c:805 builtin/notes.c:952 builtin/notes.c:973
 msgid "too many parameters"
 msgstr "прекалено много параметри"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:387 builtin/notes.c:646
+#: builtin/notes.c:382 builtin/notes.c:668
 #, c-format
-msgid "No note found for object %s."
-msgstr "��ма бележки за обекта „%s“."
+msgid "no note found for object %s."
+msgstr "н�ма бележки за обекта „%s“."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:409 builtin/notes.c:566
+#: builtin/notes.c:403 builtin/notes.c:566
 msgid "note contents as a string"
 msgstr "низ, който е �ъдържанието на бележката"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:412 builtin/notes.c:569
+#: builtin/notes.c:406 builtin/notes.c:569
 msgid "note contents in a file"
-msgstr "файл �ъ� �ъдържанието на бележката"
+msgstr "Ф�ЙЛ �ъ� �ъдържанието на бележката"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:414 builtin/notes.c:417 builtin/notes.c:571
-#: builtin/notes.c:574 builtin/tag.c:628
-msgid "object"
-msgstr "обект"
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:415 builtin/notes.c:572
+#: builtin/notes.c:409 builtin/notes.c:572
 msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
-msgstr "преизползване и редактиране на указани� обект-бележка"
+msgstr "преизползване и редактиране на указани� ОБЕКТ-бележка"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:418 builtin/notes.c:575
+#: builtin/notes.c:412 builtin/notes.c:575
 msgid "reuse specified note object"
-msgstr "преизползване на указани� обект-бележка"
+msgstr "преизползване на указани� ОБЕКТ-бележка"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:415 builtin/notes.c:578
+msgid "allow storing empty note"
+msgstr "приемане и на празни бележки"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:420 builtin/notes.c:488
+#: builtin/notes.c:416 builtin/notes.c:487
 msgid "replace existing notes"
 msgstr "зам�на на �ъще�твуващите бележки"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:454
+#: builtin/notes.c:441
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
 "existing notes"
 msgstr ""
-"�е може да �е добави бележка, защото такава вече �ъще�твува за обекта „%s“. "
+"�е може да �е добави бележка, защото такава вече �ъще�твува за обекта „%s“.  "
 "Използвайте опци�та „-f“, за да презапишете �ъще�твуващи бележки."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:459 builtin/notes.c:536
+#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:535
 #, c-format
 msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
 msgstr "Презапи�ване на �ъще�твуващите бележки за обекта „%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:489
+#: builtin/notes.c:467 builtin/notes.c:627 builtin/notes.c:892
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
+msgstr "Изтриване на бележката за обекта „%s“\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:488
 msgid "read objects from stdin"
 msgstr "изчитане на обектите от �тандартни� вход"
 
-# FIXME imporve message
-#: builtin/notes.c:491
+#: builtin/notes.c:490
 msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
 msgstr ""
 "зареждане на на�тройките за КОМ��Д�та, ко�то презапи�ва подавани� (включва "
 "опци�та „--stdin“)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:509
+#: builtin/notes.c:508
 msgid "too few parameters"
 msgstr "прекалено малко параметри"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:530
+#: builtin/notes.c:529
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
 "existing notes"
 msgstr ""
-"�е може да �е копира бележка, защото такава вече �ъще�твува за обекта „%s“. "
+"�е може да �е копира бележка, защото такава вече �ъще�твува за обекта „%s“.  "
 "Използвайте опци�та „-f“, за да презапишете �ъще�твуващи бележки."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:542
+#: builtin/notes.c:541
 #, c-format
-msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
-msgstr ""
-"�е може да �е копира бележка, ко�то не �ъще�твува — н�ма бележки за обекта-"
-"източник „%s“."
+msgid "missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr "н�ма бележки за обекта-източник „%s“.  �е може да �е копира."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:591
+#: builtin/notes.c:593
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
@@ -8070,328 +12072,636 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Задаването на опциите „-m“/„-F“/„-c“/„-C“ � командата „edit“ вече е "
 "о�тар�ло.\n"
-"Вме�то това ги използвайте � командата „add“: „git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-"
+"Вме�то това ги използвайте � подкомандата „add“: „git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-"
 "C“.\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:738
+#: builtin/notes.c:688
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "указател�т „NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL“ не може да бъде изтрит"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:690
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "указател�т „NOTES_MERGE_REF“ не може да бъде изтрит"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:692
+msgid "failed to remove 'git notes merge' worktree"
+msgstr "работната директори� на „git notes merge“ не може да бъде изтрита"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:712
+msgid "failed to read ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "указател�т „NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL“ не може да бъде прочетен"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:714
+msgid "could not find commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "подаването от „NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL“ не може да �е открие."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:716
+msgid "could not parse commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "подаването от „NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL“ не може да �е анализира."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:729
+msgid "failed to resolve NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "не може да �е открие към какво �очи „NOTES_MERGE_REF“"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:732
+msgid "failed to finalize notes merge"
+msgstr "неу�пешно �ливане на бележките"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown notes merge strategy %s"
+msgstr "непозната �тратеги� за �ливане на бележки „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:774
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Общи опции"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:740
+#: builtin/notes.c:776
 msgid "Merge options"
 msgstr "Опции при �ливане"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:742
+#: builtin/notes.c:778
 msgid ""
 "resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
 "cat_sort_uniq)"
 msgstr ""
-"коригиране на конфликтите при �ливане на бележките чрез тази �тратеги� — "
+"коригиране на конфликтите при �ливане на бележките чрез тази СТР�ТЕГИЯ — "
 "„manual“ (ръчно), „ours“ (вашата вер�и�), „theirs“ (чуждата вер�и�), "
 "„union“ (обедин�ване), „cat_sort_uniq“ (обедин�ване, подреждане, уникални "
 "резултати)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:744
+#: builtin/notes.c:780
 msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr "Подаване на не�лети бележки"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:746
+#: builtin/notes.c:782
 msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr "завършване на �ливането чрез подаване на не�лети бележки"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:748
+#: builtin/notes.c:784
 msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
 msgstr "Преу�танов�ване на корекци�та при �ливането на бележки"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:750
+#: builtin/notes.c:786
 msgid "abort notes merge"
 msgstr "преу�танов�ване на �ливането на бележки"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:845
+#: builtin/notes.c:797
+msgid "cannot mix --commit, --abort or -s/--strategy"
+msgstr "опциите „--commit“, „--abort“ и „-s“/„--strategy“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:802
+msgid "must specify a notes ref to merge"
+msgstr "тр�бва да укажете указател към бележка за �ливане."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:826
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown -s/--strategy: %s"
+msgstr "неизве�тна �тратеги� към опци�та „-s“/„--strategy“: „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:863
+#, c-format
+msgid "a notes merge into %s is already in-progress at %s"
+msgstr "в момента �е извършва �ливане на бележките в „%s“ при „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to store link to current notes ref (%s)"
+msgstr "не може да �е запази връзка към указател� на текущата бележка („%s“)."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:868
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Automatic notes merge failed. Fix conflicts in %s and commit the result with "
+"'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with 'git notes merge --"
+"abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�еу�пешно �ливане на бележките.  Разрешете конфликтите в „%s“ и подайте "
+"резултата � „git notes merge --commit“ или преу�тановете �ливането � "
+"командата „git notes merge --abort“.\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:890
 #, c-format
 msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
 msgstr "��ма бележки за обекта „%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:857
+#: builtin/notes.c:902
 msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
 msgstr "опитът за изтриването на не�ъще�твуваща бележка не �е �чита за грешка"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:860
+#: builtin/notes.c:905
 msgid "read object names from the standard input"
 msgstr "изчитане на имената на обектите от �тандартни� вход"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:941
+#: builtin/notes.c:943 builtin/prune.c:107 builtin/worktree.c:151
+msgid "do not remove, show only"
+msgstr "�амо извеждане без дей�твително ока�тр�не"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:944
+msgid "report pruned notes"
+msgstr "докладване на ока�трените обекти"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:986
 msgid "notes-ref"
 msgstr "УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:942
-msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:987
+msgid "use notes from <notes-ref>"
 msgstr "да �е използва бележката �очена от този УК�З�ТЕЛ_З�_БЕЛЕЖК�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:977 builtin/remote.c:1624
+#: builtin/notes.c:1022
 #, c-format
-msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
-msgstr "�епозната подкоманда: %s"
+msgid "unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "непозната подкоманда: %s"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:28
-msgid "git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:48
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<options>...] [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git pack-objects --stdout [ОПЦИЯ…] [< СПИСЪК_С_ВЕРСИИ | < СПИСЪК_С_ОБЕКТИ]"
+"git pack-objects --stdout [ОПЦИЯ…] [< СПИСЪК_С_УК�З�ТЕЛИ | < СПИСЪК_С_ОБЕКТИ]"
 
-# FIXME [options] vs [options...]
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:29
-msgid "git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:49
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects [<options>...] <base-name> [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git pack-objects [ОПЦИЯ…] ПРЕФИКС_��_ИМЕТО [< СПИСЪК_С_ВЕРСИИ | < "
+"git pack-objects [ОПЦИЯ…] ПРЕФИКС_��_ИМЕТО [< СПИСЪК_С_УК�З�ТЕЛИ | < "
 "СПИСЪК_С_ОБЕКТИ]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:177 builtin/pack-objects.c:180
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:211 builtin/pack-objects.c:214
 #, c-format
 msgid "deflate error (%d)"
 msgstr "грешка при декомпре�иране � „deflate“ (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:773
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:810
+msgid "disabling bitmap writing, packs are split due to pack.packSizeLimit"
+msgstr ""
+"изключване на запи�ването на битовата ма�ка, пакетите �а разделени поради "
+"�тойно�тта на „pack.packSizeLimit“"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:823
 msgid "Writing objects"
 msgstr "Запи�ване на обектите"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1015
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1106
 msgid "disabling bitmap writing, as some objects are not being packed"
 msgstr ""
 "изключване на запи�ването на битовата ма�ка, защото н�кои обекти н�ма да �е "
 "пакетират"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2175
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1765
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "Пребро�ване на обектите"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1895
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to get size of %s"
+msgstr "размерът на „%s“ не може да бъде получен"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1910
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse object header of %s"
+msgstr "заглавната ча�т на „%s“ не може да бъде анализирана"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2564
 msgid "Compressing objects"
 msgstr "Компре�иране на обектите"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2572
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2735
+msgid "invalid value for --missing"
+msgstr "неправилна �тойно�т за „--missing“"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3067
 #, c-format
 msgid "unsupported index version %s"
 msgstr "неподдържана вер�и� на индек�а „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2576
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3071
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad index version '%s'"
 msgstr "неправилна вер�и� на индек�а „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2599
-#, c-format
-msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
-msgstr "опци�та „%s“ не притежава отрицателна вер�и�"
-
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2603
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
-msgstr "неразпозната �тойно�т „%s“ за опци�та „%s“"
-
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2622
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3102
 msgid "do not show progress meter"
 msgstr "без извеждане на напредъка"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2624
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3104
 msgid "show progress meter"
 msgstr "извеждане на напредъка"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2626
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3106
 msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
 msgstr "извеждане на напредъка във фазата на запазване на обектите"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2629
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3109
 msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
 msgstr ""
 "�ъщото дей�твие като опци�та „--all-progress“ при извеждането на напредъка"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2630
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3110
 msgid "version[,offset]"
 msgstr "ВЕРСИЯ[,ОТМЕСТВ��Е]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2631
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3111
 msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
 msgstr ""
 "запазване на индек�а на пакетните файлове във форма̀та � указаната вер�и�"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2634
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3114
 msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
 msgstr "мак�имален размер на в�еки пакетен файл"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2636
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3116
 msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
 msgstr "игнориране на обектите заети от други хранилища на обекти"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2638
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3118
 msgid "ignore packed objects"
 msgstr "игнориране на пакетираните обекти"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2640
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3120
 msgid "limit pack window by objects"
 msgstr "ограничаване на прозореца за пакетиране по брой обекти"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2642
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3122
 msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
 msgstr ""
 "ограничаване на прозореца за пакетиране и по памет о�вен по брой обекти"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2644
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3124
 msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
 msgstr ""
 "мак�имална дължина на веригата от разлики, ко�то е позволена в пакетни� файл"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2646
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3126
 msgid "reuse existing deltas"
 msgstr "преизползване на �ъще�твуващите разлики"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2648
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3128
 msgid "reuse existing objects"
 msgstr "преизползване на �ъще�твуващите обекти"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2650
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3130
 msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
 msgstr "използване на обекти „OFS_DELTA“"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2652
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3132
 msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
 msgstr ""
 "�тартиране на нишки за претър�ване на най-добрите �ъвпадени� на разликите"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2654
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3134
 msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
 msgstr "без �ъздаване на празен пакетен файл"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2656
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3136
 msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
 msgstr "изчитане на вер�иите от �тандартни� вход"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2658
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3138
 msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
 msgstr "ограничаване до в�е още непакетираните обекти"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2661
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3141
 msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
 msgstr ""
 "включване на в�ички обекти, които могат да �е до�тигнат от произволен "
 "указател"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2664
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3144
 msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
 msgstr "включване и на обектите �очени от запи�ите в журнала на указателите"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2667
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3147
 msgid "include objects referred to by the index"
 msgstr "включване и на обектите �очени от индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2670
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3150
 msgid "output pack to stdout"
 msgstr "извеждане на пакета на �тандартни� изход"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2672
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3152
 msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
 msgstr ""
 "включване и на обектите-етикети, които �очат към обектите, които ще бъдат "
 "пакетирани"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2674
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3154
 msgid "keep unreachable objects"
 msgstr "запазване на недо�тижимите обекти"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2675 parse-options.h:140
-msgid "time"
-msgstr "ВРЕМЕ"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3156
+msgid "pack loose unreachable objects"
+msgstr "пакетиране и на недо�тижимите обекти"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2676
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3158
 msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
 msgstr "разпакетиране на недо�тижимите обекти, които �а по-нови от това ВРЕМЕ"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2679
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3161
 msgid "create thin packs"
 msgstr "�ъздаване на �ъкратени пакети"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2681
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3163
+msgid "create packs suitable for shallow fetches"
+msgstr "пакетиране подход�що за плитко до�тав�не"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3165
 msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
 msgstr "игнориране на пакетите, които �а придружени от файл „.keep“"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2683
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3167
+msgid "ignore this pack"
+msgstr "пропу�кане на този пакет"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3169
 msgid "pack compression level"
 msgstr "ниво на компре�иране при пакетиране"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2685
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3171
 msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
 msgstr ""
 "извеждане на в�ички родители — дори и тези, които нормално �а �крити при "
 "при�аждани�та"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2687
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3173
 msgid "use a bitmap index if available to speed up counting objects"
 msgstr ""
 "използване на �ъще�твуващи индек�и на база битови ма�ки за у�кор�ване на "
 "пребро�ването на обектите"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2689
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3175
 msgid "write a bitmap index together with the pack index"
 msgstr ""
 "запазване и на индек� на база побитова ма�ка, заедно � индек�а за пакета"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2778
-msgid "Counting objects"
-msgstr "Пребро�ване на обектите"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3178
+msgid "handling for missing objects"
+msgstr "как да �е обработват лип�ващите обекти"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3181
+msgid "do not pack objects in promisor packfiles"
+msgstr "без пакетиране на обекти в гарантиращи пакети"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3205
+#, c-format
+msgid "delta chain depth %d is too deep, forcing %d"
+msgstr "веригата � разлики е прекалено дълбока — %d, ще �е ползва %d"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3210
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack.deltaCacheLimit is too high, forcing %d"
+msgstr ""
+"Стойно�тта на на�тройката „pack.deltaCacheLimit“ е прекалено гол�ма.  Ще �е "
+"ползва %d"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3338
+msgid "Enumerating objects"
+msgstr "Избро�ване на обектите"
 
-#: builtin/pack-refs.c:6
-msgid "git pack-refs [options]"
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:7
+msgid "git pack-refs [<options>]"
 msgstr "git pack-refs [ОПЦИЯ…]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-refs.c:14
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
 msgid "pack everything"
 msgstr "пакетиране на в�ичко"
 
-#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:16
 msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
 msgstr "ока�тр�не на недо�тижимите указатели (�тандартно)"
 
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:7
-msgid "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
-msgstr "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:8
+msgid "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
+msgstr "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
 
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:40
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:41
 msgid "Removing duplicate objects"
 msgstr "Изтриване на повтар�щите �е обекти"
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:12
-msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
-msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire ВРЕМЕ] [--] [ВРЪХ…]"
-
-#: builtin/prune.c:106
-msgid "do not remove, show only"
-msgstr "�амо извеждане без дей�твително ока�тр�не"
+#: builtin/prune.c:11
+msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
+msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire ВРЕМЕ] [--] [ВРЪХ…]"
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:107
+#: builtin/prune.c:108
 msgid "report pruned objects"
 msgstr "информаци� за ока�трените обекти"
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:110
+#: builtin/prune.c:111
 msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
 msgstr "ока�тр�не на обектите по-�тари от това ВРЕМЕ"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:14
+#: builtin/prune.c:113
+msgid "limit traversal to objects outside promisor packfiles"
+msgstr "ограничаване на обхождането до обекти извън гарантиращи пакети"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:127
+msgid "cannot prune in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "хранилище � важни обекти не може да �е ока�тр�"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:59 builtin/pull.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "�еправилна �тойно�т за „%s“: „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:81
+msgid "git pull [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git push [ОПЦИЯ…] [ХР��ИЛИЩЕ [УК�З�ТЕЛ_��_ВЕРСИЯ…]]"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:132
+msgid "control for recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr "управление на рекур�ивното до�тав�не на подмодулите"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:136
+msgid "Options related to merging"
+msgstr "Опции при �ливане"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:139
+msgid "incorporate changes by rebasing rather than merging"
+msgstr "вна��не на промените чрез пребазиране, а не чрез �ливане"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:166 builtin/rebase--helper.c:23 builtin/revert.c:121
+msgid "allow fast-forward"
+msgstr "позвол�ване на превъртани�"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:175
+msgid "automatically stash/stash pop before and after rebase"
+msgstr "автоматично �катаване/прилагане на �катаното преди и �лед пребазиране"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:191
+msgid "Options related to fetching"
+msgstr "Опции при до�тав�не"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:209
+msgid "number of submodules pulled in parallel"
+msgstr "брой подмодули издърпани паралелно"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for pull.ff: %s"
+msgstr "�еправилна �тойно�т за „pull.ff“: „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:420
+msgid ""
+"There is no candidate for rebasing against among the refs that you just "
+"fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Между указателите, които току що до�тавихте, н�ма подход�щ кандидат, върху "
+"който да пребазирате."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:422
+msgid ""
+"There are no candidates for merging among the refs that you just fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Между указателите, които току що до�тавихте, н�ма подход�щ кандидат, който "
+"да �леете."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:423
+msgid ""
+"Generally this means that you provided a wildcard refspec which had no\n"
+"matches on the remote end."
+msgstr ""
+"�ай веро�тно �те подали шаблон за указатели, който не е напа�нал � нищо в "
+"отдалеченото хранилище."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:426
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You asked to pull from the remote '%s', but did not specify\n"
+"a branch. Because this is not the default configured remote\n"
+"for your current branch, you must specify a branch on the command line."
+msgstr ""
+"За�вихте издърпване от отдалеченото хранилище „%s“, но не указахте клон.\n"
+"Понеже това не е хранилището по подразбиране на текущи� клон, тр�бва\n"
+"да укажете отдалечени� клон на командни� ред."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:431 git-parse-remote.sh:73
+msgid "You are not currently on a branch."
+msgstr "Извън в�ички клони."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:433 builtin/pull.c:448 git-parse-remote.sh:79
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to rebase against."
+msgstr "Укажете върху кой клон и�кате да пребазирате."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:435 builtin/pull.c:450 git-parse-remote.sh:82
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to merge with."
+msgstr "Укажете кой клон и�кате да �леете."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:436 builtin/pull.c:451
+msgid "See git-pull(1) for details."
+msgstr "За повече информаци� погледнете ръковод�твото „git-pull(1)“"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:438 builtin/pull.c:444 builtin/pull.c:453
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:64
+msgid "<remote>"
+msgstr "ОТД�ЛЕЧЕ�О_ХР��ИЛИЩЕ"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:438 builtin/pull.c:453 builtin/pull.c:458 git-rebase.sh:523
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:65
+msgid "<branch>"
+msgstr "КЛО�"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:446 git-parse-remote.sh:75
+msgid "There is no tracking information for the current branch."
+msgstr "Текущи�т клон не �леди никой."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:455 git-parse-remote.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:"
+msgstr ""
+"�ко и�кате да зададете информаци� за �леден клон, можете да направите това � "
+"командата:"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:460
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your configuration specifies to merge with the ref '%s'\n"
+"from the remote, but no such ref was fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"За �ливане е указан отдалечени�т указател „%s“,\n"
+"но такъв не е до�тавен."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:826
+msgid "ignoring --verify-signatures for rebase"
+msgstr "без „--verify-signatures“ при пребазиране"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:874
+msgid "--[no-]autostash option is only valid with --rebase."
+msgstr "опци�та „--[no-]autostash“ изи�ква „--rebase“"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:882
+msgid "Updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index."
+msgstr "Обнов�ване на в�е още не�ъздаден клон � промените от индек�а"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:885
+msgid "pull with rebase"
+msgstr "издърпване � пребазиране"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:886
+msgid "please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "тр�бва да подадете или �катаете промените."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:911
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"commit %s."
+msgstr ""
+"до�тав�нето обнови върха на текущи� клон.  Работното\n"
+"ви копие бе превърт�но от подаване „%s“."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:916
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot fast-forward your working tree.\n"
+"After making sure that you saved anything precious from\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"output, run\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"to recover."
+msgstr ""
+"Работното ви копие не може да бъде превърт�но.\n"
+"След като запазите в�ичко необходимо по�очено от командата:\n"
+"  $ git diff %s\n"
+"изпълнете:\n"
+"  $ git reset --hard\n"
+"за връщане към нормално �ъ�то�ние."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:931
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head."
+msgstr "�е може да �ливате множе�тво клони в празен върхов указател."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:935
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches."
+msgstr "�е може да пребазирате върху повече от един клон."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:942
+msgid "cannot rebase with locally recorded submodule modifications"
+msgstr ""
+"пребазирането е невъзможно заради локално запи�аните промени по подмодулите"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:19
 msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
 msgstr "git push [ОПЦИЯ…] [ХР��ИЛИЩЕ [УК�З�ТЕЛ_��_ВЕРСИЯ…]]"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:85
+#: builtin/push.c:111
 msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
 msgstr "�ъкращение за етикет без ЕТИКЕТ"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:95
+#: builtin/push.c:121
 msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
 msgstr "опци�та „--delete“ приема за цел �амо про�ти имена на указатели"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:139
+#: builtin/push.c:165
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"За да включите тази опци� за по�то�нно, вижте документаци�та за на�тройката "
-"„push.default“ в „git help config“."
+"За да включите тази опци� за по�то�нно, погледнете документаци�та за "
+"на�тройката „push.default“ в „git help config“."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:142
+#: builtin/push.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
@@ -8416,7 +12726,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "    git push %s %s\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:157
+#: builtin/push.c:183
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are not currently on a branch.\n"
@@ -8425,12 +12735,12 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
 msgstr ""
-"В момента не �те на никой клон. За да изтла�кате и�тори�та до �ъ�то�нието,\n"
+"В момента не �те на никой клон.  За да изтла�кате и�тори�та до �ъ�то�нието,\n"
 "�очено в момента от указател� „HEAD“, използвайте командата:\n"
 "\n"
 "    git push %s HEAD:ИМЕ_��_ОТД�ЛЕЧЕ�ИЯ_КЛО�\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:171
+#: builtin/push.c:197
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
@@ -8444,14 +12754,14 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:179
+#: builtin/push.c:205
 #, c-format
 msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
 msgstr ""
 "Текущи�т клон „%s“ �леди н�колко отдалечени клона, не можете про�то да "
 "изтла�кате."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:182
+#: builtin/push.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
@@ -8463,67 +12773,14 @@ msgstr ""
 "Тр�бва да укажете ко� вер�и� да �е изтла�ка, за обнов�ване на отдалечени� "
 "клон."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:205
-msgid ""
-"push.default is unset; its implicit value has changed in\n"
-"Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
-"and maintain the traditional behavior, use:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-"\n"
-"To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-"\n"
-"When push.default is set to 'matching', git will push local branches\n"
-"to the remote branches that already exist with the same name.\n"
-"\n"
-"Since Git 2.0, Git defaults to the more conservative 'simple'\n"
-"behavior, which only pushes the current branch to the corresponding\n"
-"remote branch that 'git pull' uses to update the current branch.\n"
-"\n"
-"See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
-"information.\n"
-"(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
-"'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
-msgstr ""
-"�а�тройката „push.default“ не е зададена. Стойно�тта � по подразбиране е "
-"�менена\n"
-"в Git 2.0 от „matching“ (в�ички �ъвпадащи клони) на „simple“ (�амо текущи�\n"
-"клон). За да подти�нете това �ъобщение и да използвате традиционното "
-"поведение\n"
-"на Git 1.x, изпълнете командата:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-"\n"
-"За да подти�нете това �ъобщение и да използвате новото поведение на Git 2."
-"x,\n"
-"изпълнете командата:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-"\n"
-"Когато на�тройката „push.default“ е „matching“, git ще изтла�ка в�ички "
-"локални\n"
-"клони, които имат отдалечен аналог �ъ� �ъщото име.\n"
-"\n"
-"От вер�и� 2.0 Git �тандартно започва да ползва по-кон�ервативни� вариант\n"
-"„simple“, при който „push“ изтла�ква �амо текущи� клон към отдалечени�, "
-"�леден\n"
-"клон — �ъщи�, който „git pull“ използва, за да обнови текущи�.\n"
-"\n"
-"За повече информаци� погледнете „git help config“ и потър�ете „push."
-"default“.\n"
-"�овата �тойно�т „simple“ бе въведена � вер�и� 1.7.11 на Git. �ко пон�кога\n"
-"ползвате �тари вер�ии на Git, задайте �тойно�т „current“ вме�то „simple“."
-
-#: builtin/push.c:272
+#: builtin/push.c:267
 msgid ""
 "You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
 msgstr ""
 "�е �те указали вер�и� за подаване, а на�тройката „push.default“ е "
 "„nothing“ (нищо без изрично указана вер�и� да не �е изтла�ква)"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:279
+#: builtin/push.c:274
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
 "its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.\n"
@@ -8532,12 +12789,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Обнов�ването е отхвърлено, защото върхът на текущи� ви клон е преди върха "
 "на\n"
-"отдалечени� клон. Вне�ете отдалечените промени (напр. � командата „git "
+"отдалечени� клон.  Вне�ете отдалечените промени (напр. � командата „git "
 "pull…“),\n"
-"преди отново да изтла�кате промените. За повече информаци� вижте раздела\n"
+"преди отново да изтла�кате промените.  За повече информаци� вижте раздела\n"
 "„Note about fast-forwards“ в �траницата от ръковод�твото „git push --help“."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:285
+#: builtin/push.c:280
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
 "counterpart. Check out this branch and integrate the remote changes\n"
@@ -8545,12 +12802,13 @@ msgid ""
 "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
 msgstr ""
 "Обнов�ването е отхвърлено, защото върхът на изтла�квани� клон е преди върха\n"
-"на отдалечени� клон. Проверете клона и вне�ете отдалечените промени (напр.\n"
-"� командата „git pull…“), преди отново да изтла�кате промените. За повече\n"
-"информаци� вижте раздела „Note about fast-forwards“ в �траницата от\n"
+"на отдалечени� клон.  Преминете към клона и вне�ете отдалечените промени "
+"(напр.\n"
+"� командата „git pull…“), преди отново да изтла�кате промените.  За повече\n"
+"информаци� погледнете раздела „Note about fast-forwards“ в �траницата от\n"
 "ръковод�твото „git push --help“."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:291
+#: builtin/push.c:286
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
 "not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
@@ -8560,48 +12818,48 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Обнов�ването е отхвърлено, защото хранилището, към което изтла�квате, "
 "�ъдържа\n"
-"промени, които лип�ват в локалното хранилище. �ай-че�тата причина за това "
+"промени, които лип�ват в локалното хранилище.  �ай-че�тата причина за това "
 "е,\n"
-"че н�кой друг е изтла�квал към �ъщи� клон. Първо вне�ете отдалечените "
+"че н�кой друг е изтла�квал към �ъщи� клон.  Първо вне�ете отдалечените "
 "промени\n"
 "(напр. � командата „git pull…“), преди отново да изтла�кате промените.\n"
-"За повече информаци� вижте раздела „Note about fast-forwards“ в �траницата "
-"от\n"
-"ръковод�твото „git push --help“."
+"За повече информаци� погледнете раздела „Note about fast-forwards“ в "
+"�траницата\n"
+"от ръковод�твото „git push --help“."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:298
+#: builtin/push.c:293
 msgid "Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote."
 msgstr ""
 "Изтла�кването е отхвърлено, защото в отдалеченото хранилище �ъще�твува "
 "етикет,\n"
 "който ще припокриете � етикет от вашето хранилище."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:301
+#: builtin/push.c:296
 msgid ""
 "You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
 "or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
 "without using the '--force' option.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Без да укажете опци�та опци�та „--force“, не може да обновите отдалечен\n"
+"Без да укажете опци�та „--force“, не може да обновите отдалечен\n"
 "указател, който вече �очи към обект, който не е подаване, както и тепърва\n"
 "да го промените да �очи към подобен обект.\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:360
+#: builtin/push.c:357
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
 msgstr "Изтла�кване към „%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:364
+#: builtin/push.c:361
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
 msgstr "ча�т от указателите не б�ха изтла�кани към „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:394
+#: builtin/push.c:395
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad repository '%s'"
 msgstr "неправилно указано хранилище „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:395
+#: builtin/push.c:396
 msgid ""
 "No configured push destination.\n"
 "Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
@@ -8623,380 +12881,499 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push ИМЕ\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:410
-msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
-msgstr "опциите „--all“ и „--tags“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:411
-msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
-msgstr "опци�та „--all“ е не�ъвме�тима � указването на вер�и�"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:416
-msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
-msgstr "опциите „--mirror“ и „--tags“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:417
-msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
-msgstr "опци�та „--mirror“ е не�ъвме�тима � указването на вер�и�"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:422
-msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
-msgstr "опциите „--all“ и „--mirror“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:493
+#: builtin/push.c:551
 msgid "repository"
 msgstr "хранилище"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:494
+#: builtin/push.c:552 builtin/send-pack.c:164
 msgid "push all refs"
 msgstr "изтла�кване на в�ички указатели"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:495
+#: builtin/push.c:553 builtin/send-pack.c:166
 msgid "mirror all refs"
 msgstr "огледално копие на в�ички указатели"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:497
+#: builtin/push.c:555
 msgid "delete refs"
 msgstr "изтриване на указателите"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:498
+#: builtin/push.c:556
 msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
 msgstr "изтла�кване на етикетите (не�ъвме�тимо � опциите „--all“ и „--mirror“)"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:501
+#: builtin/push.c:559 builtin/send-pack.c:167
 msgid "force updates"
 msgstr "принудително обнов�ване"
 
-# FIXME double check this
-#: builtin/push.c:503
+#: builtin/push.c:561 builtin/send-pack.c:181
 msgid "refname>:<expect"
 msgstr "УК�З�ТЕЛ>:<ОЧ�КВ���_СТОЙ�ОСТ"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:504
+#: builtin/push.c:562 builtin/send-pack.c:182
 msgid "require old value of ref to be at this value"
 msgstr "УК�З�ТЕЛ�т тр�бва първоначално да е � тази ОЧ�КВ���_СТОЙ�ОСТ"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:507
+#: builtin/push.c:565
 msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
 msgstr "управление на рекур�ивното изтла�кване на подмодулите"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:509
+#: builtin/push.c:567 builtin/send-pack.c:175
 msgid "use thin pack"
 msgstr "използване на �ъкратени пакети"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:510 builtin/push.c:511
+#: builtin/push.c:568 builtin/push.c:569 builtin/send-pack.c:161
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:162
 msgid "receive pack program"
 msgstr "програма за получаването на пакети"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:512
+#: builtin/push.c:570
 msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
 msgstr "задаване на отдалеченото хранилище за командите „git pull/status“"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:515
+#: builtin/push.c:573
 msgid "prune locally removed refs"
 msgstr "ока�тр�не на указателите, които �а премахнати от локалното хранилище"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:517
+#: builtin/push.c:575
 msgid "bypass pre-push hook"
 msgstr "без изпълнение на куката преди изтла�кване (pre-push)"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:518
+#: builtin/push.c:576
 msgid "push missing but relevant tags"
 msgstr ""
 "изтла�кване на лип�ващите в отдалеченото хранилище, но �вързани � текущото "
 "изтла�кване, етикети"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:520
+#: builtin/push.c:579 builtin/send-pack.c:169
 msgid "GPG sign the push"
 msgstr "подпи�ване на изтла�кването � GPG"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:529
+#: builtin/push.c:581 builtin/send-pack.c:176
+msgid "request atomic transaction on remote side"
+msgstr "изи�кване на атомарни операции от от�рещната �трана"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:599
 msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
 msgstr ""
 "опци�та „--delete“ е не�ъвме�тима � опциите  „--all“, „--mirror“ и „--tags“"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:531
+#: builtin/push.c:601
 msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
 msgstr "опци�та „--delete“ изи�ква поне един указател на вер�и�"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:37
+#: builtin/push.c:604
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "опциите „--all“ и „--tags“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:606
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "опци�та „--all“ е не�ъвме�тима � указването на вер�и�"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:610
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "опциите „--mirror“ и „--tags“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:612
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "опци�та „--mirror“ е не�ъвме�тима � указването на вер�и�"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:615
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr "опциите „--all“ и „--mirror“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:634
+msgid "push options must not have new line characters"
+msgstr "опциите за изтла�кване не тр�бва да �ъдържат знак за нов ред"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:40
 msgid ""
-"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] "
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>) "
 "[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
 "index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
 msgstr ""
-"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=ПРЕФИКС] "
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=ПРЕФИКС) "
 "[-u [--exclude-per-directory=Ф�ЙЛ_С_ИЗКЛЮЧЕ�ИЯ] | -i]] [--no-sparse-"
 "checkout] [--index-output=Ф�ЙЛ] (--empty | УК�З�ТЕЛ_КЪМ_ДЪРВО_1 "
 "[УК�З�ТЕЛ_КЪМ_ДЪРВО_2 [УК�З�ТЕЛ_КЪМ_ДЪРВО_3]])"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:110
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:120
 msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
 msgstr "запазване на индек�а в този Ф�ЙЛ"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:113
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
 msgid "only empty the index"
 msgstr "�амо занул�ване на индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:115
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:125
 msgid "Merging"
 msgstr "Сливане"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:117
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:127
 msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
 msgstr "да �е извърши и �ливане �лед о�вен изчитането"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:119
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:129
 msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
 msgstr "тройно �ливане, ако не �е налага пофайлово �ливане"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:121
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:131
 msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
 msgstr "тройно �ливане при добав�не на добав�не и изтриване на файлове"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:133
 msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
 msgstr "�ъщото като опци�та „-m“, но не�летите обекти �е пренебрегват"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:124
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
 msgid "<subdirectory>/"
 msgstr "ПОДДИРЕКТОРИЯ/"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:125
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
 msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
 msgstr "изчитане на дървото към индек�а като да е в тази ПОДДИРЕКТОРИЯ/"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:128
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:138
 msgid "update working tree with merge result"
 msgstr "обнов�ване на работното дърво � резултата от �ливането"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:130
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:140
 msgid "gitignore"
 msgstr "Ф�ЙЛ_С_ИЗКЛЮЧЕ�ИЯ"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:131
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:141
 msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
 msgstr "позвол�ване на презапи�ването на изрично пренебрегваните файлове"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:144
 msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
 msgstr "без проверка на работното дърво �лед �ливането"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:145
 msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
 msgstr "без обнов�ване и на индек�а, и на работното дърво"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:137
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:147
 msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
 msgstr "без прилагане на филтъра за ча�тично изтегл�не"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:139
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:149
 msgid "debug unpack-trees"
 msgstr "изчи�тване на грешки в командата „unpack-trees“"
 
-# FIXME
-#: builtin/reflog.c:499
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
-msgstr "„%s“ не е правилна �тойно�т за време за „%s“"
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:8
+msgid "git rebase--helper [<options>]"
+msgstr "git rebase--helper [ОПЦИЯ…]"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:24
+msgid "keep empty commits"
+msgstr "запазване на празните подавани�"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:26 builtin/revert.c:123
+msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
+msgstr "позвол�ване на празни �ъобщени� при подаване"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:27
+msgid "rebase merge commits"
+msgstr "пребазиране на подавани�та �ъ� �ливани�"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:29
+msgid "keep original branch points of cousins"
+msgstr ""
+"запазване на първоначалните точки на разклон�ване на �е�трин�ките клони"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:30
+msgid "continue rebase"
+msgstr "продължаване на пребазирането"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:32
+msgid "abort rebase"
+msgstr "преу�танов�ване на пребазирането"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:35
+msgid "make rebase script"
+msgstr "�ъздаване на �крипт за пребазиране"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:37
+msgid "shorten commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "�ъкратени идентификатори в �пи�ъка за изпълнение"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:39
+msgid "expand commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "пълни идентификатори в �пи�ъка за изпълнение"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:41
+msgid "check the todo list"
+msgstr "проверка на �пи�ъка за изпълнение"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:43
+msgid "skip unnecessary picks"
+msgstr "пре�качане на излишните команди за отбиране"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:45
+msgid "rearrange fixup/squash lines"
+msgstr ""
+"преподреждане на редовете за вкарване на подавани�та подавани�та в "
+"предходните им �ъ� и без �мени на �ъобщението"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:47
+msgid "insert exec commands in todo list"
+msgstr "вмъкване на командите за изпълнение в �пи�ъка за изпълнение"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:68
+msgid "--[no-]rebase-cousins has no effect without --rebase-merges"
+msgstr "опциите „--[no-]rebase-cousins“ изи�кват опци�та „--rebase-merges“"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:31
+msgid "git receive-pack <git-dir>"
+msgstr "git receive-pack ДИРЕКТОРИЯ_��_GIT"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:842
+msgid ""
+"By default, updating the current branch in a non-bare repository\n"
+"is denied, because it will make the index and work tree inconsistent\n"
+"with what you pushed, and will require 'git reset --hard' to match\n"
+"the work tree to HEAD.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set the 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable\n"
+"to 'ignore' or 'warn' in the remote repository to allow pushing into\n"
+"its current branch; however, this is not recommended unless you\n"
+"arranged to update its work tree to match what you pushed in some\n"
+"other way.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message and still keep the default behaviour, set\n"
+"'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"Стандартно не може да обновите текущи� клон в хранилище, което не е голо,\n"
+"защото това ще доведе до не�ъответ�тви� на индек�а и работното дърво �\n"
+"това, което �те изтла�кали и за да приведете дървото към „HEAD“ ще тр�бва\n"
+"да изпълните:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git reset --hard\n"
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"За да позволите подобно изтла�кване, в отдалеченото хранилище �ледва да\n"
+"зададете на�тройката „receive.denyCurrentBranch“ да е „ignore“\n"
+"(пренебрегване) или  „warn“ (�амо предупреждение).  �е �е препоръчва да\n"
+"правите това, о�вен ако по друг начин не �инхронизирате работното дърво �\n"
+"това, което изтла�квате.\n"
+"\n"
+"За да заглушите това �ъобщение, като запазите �тандартното поведение,\n"
+"задайте на�тройката „receive.denyCurrentBranch“ да е „refuse“ (отказ)."
 
-#: builtin/reflog.c:615 builtin/reflog.c:620
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:862
+msgid ""
+"By default, deleting the current branch is denied, because the next\n"
+"'git clone' won't result in any file checked out, causing confusion.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' configuration variable to\n"
+"'warn' or 'ignore' in the remote repository to allow deleting the\n"
+"current branch, with or without a warning message.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message, you can set it to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"Стандартно не може да изтриете текущи� клон, защото �ледващото клониране\n"
+"на текущото хранилище ще е без никакви файлове, а това е объркващо.\n"
+"\n"
+"За да може да изтривате текущи� клон, в отдалеченото хранилище �ледва да\n"
+"зададете на�тройката „receive.denyDeleteCurrent“ да е „ignore“\n"
+"(пренебрегване) или  „warn“ (�амо предупреждение).\n"
+"\n"
+"За да заглушите това �ъобщение, задайте на�тройката\n"
+"„receive.denyDeleteCurrent“ да е „refuse“ (отказ)."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1935
+msgid "quiet"
+msgstr "без извеждане на информаци�"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1949
+msgid "You must specify a directory."
+msgstr "Тр�бва да укажете директори�."
+
+#: builtin/reflog.c:532 builtin/reflog.c:537
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid timestamp"
 msgstr "„%s“ не е правилна �тойно�т за време"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:12
+#: builtin/remote.c:14
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
 msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:13
+#: builtin/remote.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
 "mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
 msgstr ""
-"git remote add [-t КЛО�] [-m ОС�ОВЕ�_КЛО�] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"git remote add [-t КЛО�] [-m ОС�ОВЕ�_КЛО�] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
 "mirror=<fetch|push>] ИМЕ �ДРЕС"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:14 builtin/remote.c:33
+#: builtin/remote.c:16 builtin/remote.c:36
 msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
 msgstr "git remote rename СТ�РО_ИМЕ �ОВО_ИМЕ"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:15 builtin/remote.c:38
+#: builtin/remote.c:17 builtin/remote.c:41
 msgid "git remote remove <name>"
 msgstr "git remote remove ИМЕ"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:16
-msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete |<branch>)"
+#: builtin/remote.c:18 builtin/remote.c:46
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
 msgstr "git remote set-head ИМЕ (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | КЛО�)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:17
+#: builtin/remote.c:19
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] ИМЕ"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:18
+#: builtin/remote.c:20
 msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] ИМЕ"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:19
+#: builtin/remote.c:21
 msgid ""
 "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
 msgstr ""
 "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(ГРУП� | "
 "ОТД�ЛЕЧЕ�О_ХР��ИЛИЩЕ)…]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:20
+#: builtin/remote.c:22
 msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches [--add] ИМЕ КЛО�…"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:21 builtin/remote.c:69
+#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:72
+msgid "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] ИМЕ"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:24 builtin/remote.c:77
 msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
 msgstr "git remote set-url [--push] ИМЕ �ОВ_�ДРЕС [СТ�Р_�ДРЕС]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:70
+#: builtin/remote.c:25 builtin/remote.c:78
 msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
 msgstr "git remote set-url --add ИМЕ �ОВ_�ДРЕС"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:71
+#: builtin/remote.c:26 builtin/remote.c:79
 msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
 msgstr "git remote set-url --delete ИМЕ �ДРЕС"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:28
+#: builtin/remote.c:31
 msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
 msgstr "git remote add [ОПЦИЯ…] ИМЕ �ДРЕС"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:43
-msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
-msgstr "git remote set-head ИМЕ (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | КЛО�)"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:48
+#: builtin/remote.c:51
 msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches ИМЕ КЛО�…"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:49
+#: builtin/remote.c:52
 msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches --add ИМЕ КЛО�…"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:54
+#: builtin/remote.c:57
 msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote show [ОПЦИЯ…] ИМЕ"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:59
+#: builtin/remote.c:62
 msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote prune [ОПЦИЯ…] ИМЕ"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:64
+#: builtin/remote.c:67
 msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
-msgstr "git remote update [ОПЦИЯ…] [ГРУП� | ОТД�ЛЕЧЕ�О_ХР��ИЛИЩЕ]…"
+msgstr "git remote update [ОПЦИЯ…] [ГРУП� | ОТД�ЛЕЧЕ�О_ХР��ИЛИЩЕ…]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:88
+#: builtin/remote.c:96
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s"
 msgstr "Обнов�ване на „%s“"
 
-# FIXME tabulator
-#: builtin/remote.c:120
+#: builtin/remote.c:128
 msgid ""
 "--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
 "\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
 msgstr ""
-"Използването �амо на „--mirror“ е опа�но. Вме�то това\n"
+"Използването �амо на „--mirror“ е опа�но.  Вме�то това\n"
 "ползвайте „--mirror=fetch“ или „--mirror=push“"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:137
+#: builtin/remote.c:145
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
 msgstr "неправилна �тойно�т за „--mirror“: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:153
+#: builtin/remote.c:161
 msgid "fetch the remote branches"
 msgstr "отдалечените клони не могат да бъдат до�тавени"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:155
+#: builtin/remote.c:163
 msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
 msgstr "вна��не на в�ички етикети и принадлежащите им обекти при до�тав�не"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:158
+#: builtin/remote.c:166
 msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
 msgstr "може и да не �е до�тав�т никакви етикети (чрез опци�та „--no-tags“)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:160
+#: builtin/remote.c:168
 msgid "branch(es) to track"
 msgstr "клон/и за �ледене"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:161
+#: builtin/remote.c:169
 msgid "master branch"
 msgstr "о�новен клон"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:162
+#: builtin/remote.c:170
 msgid "push|fetch"
 msgstr "издърпване|до�тав�не"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:163
+#: builtin/remote.c:171
 msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
 msgstr ""
 "на�тройване на отдалечено хранилище, от което да �е издърпва или до�тав�"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:175
+#: builtin/remote.c:183
 msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
 msgstr ""
 "н�ма �ми�ъл да �е указва о�новен клон при използване на опци�та „--mirror“"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:177
+#: builtin/remote.c:185
 msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
 msgstr ""
 "указването на �ледени клони е �ми�лено �амо за отдалечени хранилища, от "
 "които �е до�тав�"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:185 builtin/remote.c:641
+#: builtin/remote.c:192 builtin/remote.c:634
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote %s already exists."
 msgstr "вече �ъще�твува отдалечено хранилище � име „%s“."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:189 builtin/remote.c:645
+#: builtin/remote.c:196 builtin/remote.c:638
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
 msgstr "„%s“ е неправилно име за отдалечено хранилище"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:233
+#: builtin/remote.c:236
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
 msgstr "О�новни�т клон „%s“ не може да бъде на�троен"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:333
+#: builtin/remote.c:342
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
 msgstr "Обектите за до�тав�не за указател� „%s“ не могат да бъдат получени"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:434 builtin/remote.c:442
+#: builtin/remote.c:441 builtin/remote.c:449
 msgid "(matching)"
 msgstr "(�ъвпадащи)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:446
+#: builtin/remote.c:453
 msgid "(delete)"
 msgstr "(за изтриване)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:590 builtin/remote.c:596 builtin/remote.c:602
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е добави към „%s“"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:634 builtin/remote.c:798 builtin/remote.c:898
+#: builtin/remote.c:627 builtin/remote.c:762 builtin/remote.c:861
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote: %s"
 msgstr "Такова отдалечено хранилище н�ма: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:651
+#: builtin/remote.c:644
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr "Разделът „%s“ в на�тройките не може да бъде преименуван на „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:657 builtin/remote.c:850
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
-msgstr "Разделът „%s“ в на�тройките не може да бъде изтрит"
-
-# FIXME tabulator
-#: builtin/remote.c:672
+#: builtin/remote.c:664
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
@@ -9007,32 +13384,17 @@ msgstr ""
 "    %s\n"
 "  Променете на�тройките ръчно, ако е необходимо."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:678
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s'"
-msgstr "Разделът „%s“ не може да бъде добавен в на�тройките"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:689
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not set '%s'"
-msgstr "Разделът „%s“ не може да бъде зададен в на�тройките"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:711
+#: builtin/remote.c:700
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
 msgstr "неу�пешно изтриване на „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:745
+#: builtin/remote.c:734
 #, c-format
 msgid "creating '%s' failed"
 msgstr "неу�пешно �ъздаване на „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:769
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove branch %s"
-msgstr "Клонът „%s“ не може да бъде изтрит"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:836
+#: builtin/remote.c:799
 msgid ""
 "Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
 "to delete it, use:"
@@ -9046,394 +13408,465 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "Бележка: ��колко клона извън йерархи�та „refs/remotes/“ не б�ха изтрити.\n"
 "Изтрийте ги чрез командата:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:951
+#: builtin/remote.c:813
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr "Разделът „%s“ в на�тройките не може да бъде изтрит"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:914
 #, c-format
 msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
 msgstr " нов (�ледващото до�тав�не ще го разположи в „remotes/%s“)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:954
+#: builtin/remote.c:917
 msgid " tracked"
 msgstr " �леден"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:956
+#: builtin/remote.c:919
 msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
 msgstr " �тар (изтрийте чрез „git remote prune“)"
 
-# FIXME
-#: builtin/remote.c:958
+#: builtin/remote.c:921
 msgid " ???"
 msgstr " не��но �ъ�то�ние"
 
 # CHECK
-#: builtin/remote.c:999
+#: builtin/remote.c:962
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
 msgstr ""
-"неправилен клон за �ливане „%s“. �евъзможно е да пребазирате върху повече от "
-"1 клон"
+"неправилен клон за �ливане „%s“.  �евъзможно е да пребазирате върху повече "
+"от 1 клон"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively onto remote %s"
+msgstr "интерактивно пребазиране върху отдалечени� клон „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1006
+#: builtin/remote.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively (with merges) onto remote %s"
+msgstr "интерактивно пребазиране (�ъ� �ливани�) върху отдалечени� клон „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:976
 #, c-format
 msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
 msgstr "пребазиране върху отдалечени� клон „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1009
+#: builtin/remote.c:980
 #, c-format
 msgid " merges with remote %s"
 msgstr " �ливане � отдалечени� клон „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1010
-msgid "    and with remote"
-msgstr "    и � отдалечени� клон"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:1012
+#: builtin/remote.c:983
 #, c-format
 msgid "merges with remote %s"
 msgstr "�ливане � отдалечени� клон „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1013
-msgid "   and with remote"
-msgstr "   и � отдалечени� клон"
+#: builtin/remote.c:986
+#, c-format
+msgid "%-*s    and with remote %s\n"
+msgstr "%-*s    и � отдалечени� клон „%s“\n"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1059
+#: builtin/remote.c:1029
 msgid "create"
 msgstr "�ъздаден"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1062
+#: builtin/remote.c:1032
 msgid "delete"
 msgstr "изтрит"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1066
+#: builtin/remote.c:1036
 msgid "up to date"
 msgstr "актуален"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1069
+#: builtin/remote.c:1039
 msgid "fast-forwardable"
-msgstr "може да �е �лее тривиално"
+msgstr "може да �е превърти"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1072
+#: builtin/remote.c:1042
 msgid "local out of date"
 msgstr "локални�т е изо�танал"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1079
+#: builtin/remote.c:1049
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
 msgstr "    %-*s принудително изтла�ква към %-*s (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1082
+#: builtin/remote.c:1052
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
 msgstr "    %-*s изтла�ква към %-*s (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1086
+#: builtin/remote.c:1056
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
 msgstr "    %-*s принудително изтла�ква към %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1089
+#: builtin/remote.c:1059
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
 msgstr "    %-*s изтла�ква към %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1157
+#: builtin/remote.c:1127
 msgid "do not query remotes"
 msgstr "без за�вки към отдалечените хранилища"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1184
+#: builtin/remote.c:1154
 #, c-format
 msgid "* remote %s"
 msgstr "� отдалечено хранилище „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1185
+#: builtin/remote.c:1155
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
 msgstr "  �дре� за до�тав�не: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1186 builtin/remote.c:1333
+#: builtin/remote.c:1156 builtin/remote.c:1172 builtin/remote.c:1311
 msgid "(no URL)"
 msgstr "(без адре�)"
 
-# FIXME spaces betwen Push and URL
-#: builtin/remote.c:1195 builtin/remote.c:1197
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon ':' should align
+#. with the one in " Fetch URL: %s"
+#. translation.
+#.
+#: builtin/remote.c:1170 builtin/remote.c:1172
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
 msgstr "  �дре� за изтла�кване: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1199 builtin/remote.c:1201 builtin/remote.c:1203
+#: builtin/remote.c:1174 builtin/remote.c:1176 builtin/remote.c:1178
 #, c-format
 msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
 msgstr "  клон �очен от HEAD: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1205
+#: builtin/remote.c:1174
+msgid "(not queried)"
+msgstr "(без проверка)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1176
+msgid "(unknown)"
+msgstr "(непознат)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1180
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
 msgstr ""
 "  клонът �очен от HEAD (клонът указан във файла HEAD от отдалеченото "
-"хранилище е\n"
-"  нееднозначен и е н�кой от �ледните):\n"
+"хранилище\n"
+"  не е еднозначен и е н�кой от �ледните):\n"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1217
+#: builtin/remote.c:1192
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
 msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
 msgstr[0] "  Отдалечен клон:%s"
 msgstr[1] "  Отдалечени клони:%s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1220 builtin/remote.c:1247
+#: builtin/remote.c:1195 builtin/remote.c:1221
 msgid " (status not queried)"
 msgstr " (�ъ�то�нието не бе проверено)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1229
+#: builtin/remote.c:1204
 msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
 msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
 msgstr[0] "  Локален клон на�троен за издърпване чрез „git pull“:"
 msgstr[1] "  Локални клони на�троени за издърпване чрез „git pull“:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1237
+#: builtin/remote.c:1212
 msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
 msgstr "  Локалните указатели ще бъдат прене�ени чрез „ push“"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1244
+#: builtin/remote.c:1218
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
 msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
 msgstr[0] "  Локални�т указател, на�троен за „git push“%s:"
 msgstr[1] "  Локалните указатели, на�троени за „git push“%s:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1265
+#: builtin/remote.c:1239
 msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
 msgstr "задаване на refs/remotes/ИМЕ/HEAD �поред отдалеченото хранилище"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1267
+#: builtin/remote.c:1241
 msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
 msgstr "изтриване на refs/remotes/ИМЕ/HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1282
+#: builtin/remote.c:1256
 msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
 msgstr "�е може да �е у�танови отдалечени�т връх"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1284
+#: builtin/remote.c:1258
 msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
 msgstr ""
-"Множе�тво клони � върхове. Изберете изрично н�кой от т�х чрез командата:"
+"Множе�тво клони � върхове.  Изберете изрично н�кой от т�х чрез командата:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1294
+#: builtin/remote.c:1268
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not delete %s"
 msgstr "„%s“ не може да бъде изтрит"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1302
+#: builtin/remote.c:1276
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
 msgstr "�еправилен указател: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1304
+#: builtin/remote.c:1278
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not setup %s"
 msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е на�трои"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1322
+#: builtin/remote.c:1296
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s will become dangling!"
 msgstr "„%s“ ще �е превърне в обект извън клоните!"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1323
+#: builtin/remote.c:1297
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s has become dangling!"
 msgstr "„%s“ �е превърна в обект извън клоните!"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1329
+#: builtin/remote.c:1307
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pruning %s"
 msgstr "Ока�тр�не на „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1330
+#: builtin/remote.c:1308
 #, c-format
 msgid "URL: %s"
 msgstr "адре�: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1357
+#: builtin/remote.c:1324
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [would prune] %s"
 msgstr " � [ще бъде ока�трено] %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1360
+#: builtin/remote.c:1327
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [pruned] %s"
 msgstr " � [ока�трено] %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1405
+#: builtin/remote.c:1372
 msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
 msgstr "ока�тр�не на огледалата на отдалечените хранилища �лед до�тав�не"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1471 builtin/remote.c:1545
+#: builtin/remote.c:1435 builtin/remote.c:1489 builtin/remote.c:1557
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote '%s'"
 msgstr "��ма отдалечено хранилище на име „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1491
+#: builtin/remote.c:1451
 msgid "add branch"
 msgstr "добав�не на клон"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1498
+#: builtin/remote.c:1458
 msgid "no remote specified"
 msgstr "не е указано отдалечено хранилище"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1520
+#: builtin/remote.c:1475
+msgid "query push URLs rather than fetch URLs"
+msgstr "запитване към адре�ите за изтла�кване, а не за до�тав�не"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1477
+msgid "return all URLs"
+msgstr "извеждане на в�ички адре�и"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1505
+#, c-format
+msgid "no URLs configured for remote '%s'"
+msgstr "не е зададен адре� за отдалеченото хранилище „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1531
 msgid "manipulate push URLs"
 msgstr "пром�на на адре�ите за изтла�кване"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1522
+#: builtin/remote.c:1533
 msgid "add URL"
 msgstr "добав�не на адре�и"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1524
+#: builtin/remote.c:1535
 msgid "delete URLs"
 msgstr "изтриване на адре�и"
 
-# FIXME message - incompatible
-#: builtin/remote.c:1531
+#: builtin/remote.c:1542
 msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
 msgstr "опциите „--add“ и „--delete“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1571
+#: builtin/remote.c:1581
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
 msgstr "�еправилен (�тар) формат за адре�: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1579
+#: builtin/remote.c:1589
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such URL found: %s"
 msgstr "Такъв адре� не е открит: %s"
 
-# FIXME CHECK MEANING
-#: builtin/remote.c:1581
+#: builtin/remote.c:1591
 msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
 msgstr "�икой от адре�ите, които не �а за изтла�кване, н�ма да �е изтрие"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1595
+#: builtin/remote.c:1607
 msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
-msgstr "повече подробно�ти. По�тав� �е пред подкоманда"
+msgstr "повече подробно�ти.  По�тав� �е пред подкоманда"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:17
-msgid "git repack [options]"
+#: builtin/remote.c:1638
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "�епозната подкоманда: %s"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:18
+msgid "git repack [<options>]"
 msgstr "git repack [ОПЦИЯ…]"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:160
+#: builtin/repack.c:23
+msgid ""
+"Incremental repacks are incompatible with bitmap indexes.  Use\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index or disable the pack.writebitmaps configuration."
+msgstr ""
+"По�тепенното препакетиране е не�ъвме�тимо � индек�и на база битови ма�ки.\n"
+"Ползвайте опци�та --no-write-bitmap-index или изключете на�тройката\n"
+"„pack.writebitmaps“."
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:180
 msgid "pack everything in a single pack"
 msgstr "пакетиране на в�ичко в пакет"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:162
+#: builtin/repack.c:182
 msgid "same as -a, and turn unreachable objects loose"
 msgstr ""
-"�ъщото като опци�та „-a“. Допълнително — недо�тижимите обекти да �танат "
+"�ъщото като опци�та „-a“.  Допълнително — недо�тижимите обекти да �танат "
 "непакетирани"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:165
+#: builtin/repack.c:185
 msgid "remove redundant packs, and run git-prune-packed"
 msgstr ""
 "премахване на ненужните пакетирани файлове и изпълнение на командата „git-"
 "prune-packed“"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:167
+#: builtin/repack.c:187
 msgid "pass --no-reuse-delta to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "подаване на опци�та „--no-reuse-delta“ на командата „git-pack-objects“"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:169
+#: builtin/repack.c:189
 msgid "pass --no-reuse-object to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr ""
 "подаване на опци�та „--no-reuse-object“ на командата „git-pack-objects“"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:171
+#: builtin/repack.c:191
 msgid "do not run git-update-server-info"
 msgstr "без изпълнение на командата „git-update-server-info“"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:174
+#: builtin/repack.c:194
 msgid "pass --local to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "подаване на опци�та „--local“ на командата „git-pack-objects“"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:176
+#: builtin/repack.c:196
 msgid "write bitmap index"
 msgstr "�ъздаване и запи�ване на индек�и на база битови ма�ки"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:177
+#: builtin/repack.c:197
 msgid "approxidate"
 msgstr "еври�тична дата"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:178
+#: builtin/repack.c:198
 msgid "with -A, do not loosen objects older than this"
 msgstr ""
 "при комбинирането � опци�та „-A“ — без разпакетиране на обектите по �тари от "
 "това"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:180
+#: builtin/repack.c:200
+msgid "with -a, repack unreachable objects"
+msgstr "� „-a“ — препакетиране на недо�тижимите обекти"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:202
 msgid "size of the window used for delta compression"
 msgstr "размер на прозореца за делта компре�и�та"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:181 builtin/repack.c:185
+#: builtin/repack.c:203 builtin/repack.c:209
 msgid "bytes"
 msgstr "байтове"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:182
+#: builtin/repack.c:204
 msgid "same as the above, but limit memory size instead of entries count"
 msgstr ""
 "�ъщото като горната опци�, но ограничението да е по размер на паметта, а не "
 "по бро� на обектите"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:184
+#: builtin/repack.c:206
 msgid "limits the maximum delta depth"
 msgstr "ограничаване на мак�ималната дълбочина на делтата"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:186
+#: builtin/repack.c:208
+msgid "limits the maximum number of threads"
+msgstr "ограничаване на мак�имални� брой нишки"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:210
 msgid "maximum size of each packfile"
 msgstr "мак�имален размер на в�еки пакет"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:188
+#: builtin/repack.c:212
 msgid "repack objects in packs marked with .keep"
 msgstr "препакетиране на обектите в пакети бел�зани � „.keep“"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:374
+#: builtin/repack.c:214
+msgid "do not repack this pack"
+msgstr "без препакетиране на този пакет"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:224
+msgid "cannot delete packs in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "пакетите в хранилище � важни обекти не може да �е три�т"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:228
+msgid "--keep-unreachable and -A are incompatible"
+msgstr "Опциите „--keep-unreachable“ и „-A“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:425 builtin/worktree.c:139
 #, c-format
-msgid "removing '%s' failed"
-msgstr "неу�пешно изтриване на „%s“"
+msgid "failed to remove '%s'"
+msgstr "директори�та „%s“ не може да бъде изтрита"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:19
+#: builtin/replace.c:22
 msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] ОБЕКТ З�МЯ��"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:20
+#: builtin/replace.c:23
 msgid "git replace [-f] --edit <object>"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] --edit ОБЕКТ"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:21
+#: builtin/replace.c:24
 msgid "git replace [-f] --graft <commit> [<parent>...]"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] --graft ПОД�В��Е [РОДИТЕЛ…]"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:22
+#: builtin/replace.c:25
+msgid "git replace [-f] --convert-graft-file"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] --convert-graft-file"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:26
 msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
 msgstr "git replace -d ОБЕКТ…"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:23
+#: builtin/replace.c:27
 msgid "git replace [--format=<format>] [-l [<pattern>]]"
 msgstr "git replace [--format=ФОРМ�Т] [-l [Ш�БЛО�]]"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:325 builtin/replace.c:363 builtin/replace.c:391
+#: builtin/replace.c:371 builtin/replace.c:415 builtin/replace.c:445
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'"
 msgstr "�еправилно име на обект: „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:355
+#: builtin/replace.c:407
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad mergetag in commit '%s'"
 msgstr "етикетът при �ливане в подаването „%s“ e неправилен"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:357
+#: builtin/replace.c:409
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed mergetag in commit '%s'"
 msgstr "етикетът при �ливане в подаването „%s“ e неправилен"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:368
+#: builtin/replace.c:421
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "original commit '%s' contains mergetag '%s' that is discarded; use --edit "
@@ -9442,342 +13875,337 @@ msgstr ""
 "Първоначалното подаване „%s“ �ъдържа етикета при �ливане „%s“, който е "
 "изхвърлен, затова използвайте опци�та „--edit“, а не „--graft“."
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:401
+#: builtin/replace.c:460
 #, c-format
 msgid "the original commit '%s' has a gpg signature."
 msgstr "Първоначалното подаване „%s“ е � подпи� на GPG."
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:402
+#: builtin/replace.c:461
 msgid "the signature will be removed in the replacement commit!"
 msgstr "Подпи�ът ще бъде премахнат в замен�щото подаване!"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:408
+#: builtin/replace.c:471
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not write replacement commit for: '%s'"
 msgstr "замен�щото подаване за „%s“ не може да бъде запи�ано"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:432
+#: builtin/replace.c:514
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not convert the following graft(s):\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"�ледните при�адки не могат да �е преобразуват:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:535
 msgid "list replace refs"
 msgstr "извеждане на �пи�ъка � указателите за зам�на"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:433
+#: builtin/replace.c:536
 msgid "delete replace refs"
 msgstr "изтриване на указателите за зам�на"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:434
+#: builtin/replace.c:537
 msgid "edit existing object"
 msgstr "редактиране на �ъще�твуващ обект"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:435
+#: builtin/replace.c:538
 msgid "change a commit's parents"
 msgstr "�м�на на родителите на подаване"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:436
+#: builtin/replace.c:539
+msgid "convert existing graft file"
+msgstr "преобразуване на файла за при�адките"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:540
 msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
 msgstr "зам�на на указател�, ако �ъще�твува"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:437
+#: builtin/replace.c:542
 msgid "do not pretty-print contents for --edit"
 msgstr "без форматирано извеждане на �ъдържанието — за опци�та „--edit“"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:438
+#: builtin/replace.c:543
 msgid "use this format"
 msgstr "използване на този ФОРМ�Т"
 
-#: builtin/rerere.c:12
-msgid "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+#: builtin/rerere.c:13
+msgid "git rerere [clear | forget <path>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
 msgstr "git rerere [clear | forget ПЪТ… | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
 
-#: builtin/rerere.c:57
+#: builtin/rerere.c:59
 msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
 msgstr "реги�триране на чи�ти корекции на конфликти в индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:26
+#: builtin/reset.c:29
 msgid ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [ПОД�В��Е]"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:27
-msgid "git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <paths>..."
+#: builtin/reset.c:30
+msgid "git reset [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>..."
 msgstr "git reset [-q] УК�З�ТЕЛ_КЪМ_ДЪРВО [--] ПЪТИЩ�…"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:28
+#: builtin/reset.c:31
 msgid "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"
 msgstr "git reset --patch [УК�З�ТЕЛ_КЪМ_ДЪРВО] [--] [ПЪТИЩ�…]"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "mixed"
 msgstr "�ме�ено (mixed)"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "soft"
 msgstr "меко (soft)"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "hard"
 msgstr "пълно (hard)"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "merge"
 msgstr "�л�то (merge)"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "keep"
 msgstr "запазващо (keep)"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:74
+#: builtin/reset.c:78
 msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
 msgstr "Указател�т „HEAD“ е повреден."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:76
+#: builtin/reset.c:80
 msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
 msgstr "Дървото, �очено от указател� „HEAD“, не може да бъде открито."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:82
+#: builtin/reset.c:86
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
 msgstr "Дървото, �очено от „%s“, не може да бъде открито."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:100
+#: builtin/reset.c:111
 #, c-format
 msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
 msgstr "Указател�т „HEAD“ �очи към „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:183
+#: builtin/reset.c:189
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
 msgstr "�е може да �е извърши %s занул�ване по време на �ливане."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:276
+#: builtin/reset.c:289
 msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
 msgstr "по-малко подробно�ти, да �е извеждат �амо грешките"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:278
+#: builtin/reset.c:291
 msgid "reset HEAD and index"
 msgstr "индек�а и указател� „HEAD“, без работното дърво"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:279
+#: builtin/reset.c:292
 msgid "reset only HEAD"
 msgstr "�амо указател� „HEAD“, без индек�а и работното дърво"
 
-# FIXME vs man page
-#: builtin/reset.c:281 builtin/reset.c:283
+#: builtin/reset.c:294 builtin/reset.c:296
 msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
 msgstr "указател� „HEAD“, индек�а и работното дърво"
 
-# FIXME vs man page
-#: builtin/reset.c:285
+#: builtin/reset.c:298
 msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
 msgstr "занул�ване на указател� „HEAD“, но запазване на локалните промени"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:288
+#: builtin/reset.c:304
 msgid "record only the fact that removed paths will be added later"
 msgstr ""
 "отбел�зване �амо на факта, че изтритите пътища ще бъдат добавени по-къ�но"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:305
+#: builtin/reset.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."
 msgstr "Стойно�тта „%s“ не е разпозната като �ъще�твуваща вер�и�."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:308 builtin/reset.c:316
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
-msgstr "„%s“ не е разпознат като обект."
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:313
+#: builtin/reset.c:329
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."
 msgstr "„%s“ не е разпознат като дърво."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:322
+#: builtin/reset.c:338
 msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 msgstr ""
 "опци�та „--patch“ е не�ъвме�тима � в��ка от опциите „--hard/--mixed/--soft“"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#: builtin/reset.c:347
 msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
 msgstr ""
-"опци�та „--mixed“ не бива да �е използва заедно � пътища. Вме�то това "
+"опци�та „--mixed“ не бива да �е използва заедно � пътища.  Вме�то това "
 "изпълнете „git reset -- ПЪТ…“."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:333
+#: builtin/reset.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
 msgstr "�е може да извършите %s занул�ване, когато �те задали ПЪТ."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:343
+#: builtin/reset.c:359
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
 msgstr "В голо хранилище не може да извършите %s занул�ване"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#: builtin/reset.c:363
 msgid "-N can only be used with --mixed"
 msgstr "Опци�та „-N“ е �ъвме�тима �амо � „--mixed“"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:364
+#: builtin/reset.c:380
 msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
 msgstr "Промени извън индек�а �лед занул�ването:"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:370
+#: builtin/reset.c:386
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
 msgstr "Индек�ът не може да бъде занулен към вер�и� „%s“."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:374
+#: builtin/reset.c:390
 msgid "Could not write new index file."
 msgstr "�ови�т индек� не може да бъде запи�ан."
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:361
-msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
-msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [ОПЦИЯ…] -- [�РГУМЕ�ТИ…]"
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:397
+msgid "cannot combine --exclude-promisor-objects and --missing"
+msgstr "опциите „--exclude-promisor-objects“ и „--missing“ и �а не�ъвме�тими"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:455
+msgid "object filtering requires --objects"
+msgstr "филтрирането на обекти изи�ква опци�та „--objects“"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:458
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid sparse value '%s'"
+msgstr "неправилна ча�тична �тойно�т: %s"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:499
+msgid "rev-list does not support display of notes"
+msgstr "командата „rev-list“ не поддържа извеждането на бележки"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:366
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:502
+msgid "cannot combine --use-bitmap-index with object filtering"
+msgstr "опци�та „--use-bitmap-index“ е не�ъвме�тима � филтриране на обектите"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:406
+msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]"
+msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [ОПЦИЯ…] -- [�РГУМЕ�Т…]"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:411
 msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
 msgstr "зададени�т низ „--“ да �е тълкува като аргумент"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:368
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:413
 msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
 msgstr "�пиране на анализа �лед първи� аргумент, който не е опци�"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:371
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:416
 msgid "output in stuck long form"
 msgstr "изход в дълги� формат"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:499
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:549
 msgid ""
-"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]\n"
 "   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
-"   or: git rev-parse [options] [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [<options>] [<arg>...]\n"
 "\n"
 "Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
 msgstr ""
-"git rev-parse --parseopt [ОПЦИЯ…] -- [�РГУМЕ�ТИ…]\n"
-"   или: git rev-parse --sq-quote [�РГУМЕ�ТИ…]\n"
-"   или: git rev-parse [ОПЦИЯ…] [�РГУМЕ�ТИ…]\n"
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [ОПЦИЯ…] -- [�РГУМЕ�Т…]\n"
+"   или: git rev-parse --sq-quote [�РГУМЕ�Т…]\n"
+"   или: git rev-parse [ОПЦИЯ…] [�РГУМЕ�Т…]\n"
 "\n"
 "За повече информаци� за първи� вариант изпълнете „git rev-parse --parseopt -"
 "h“"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:22
-msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>..."
+#: builtin/revert.c:23
+msgid "git revert [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
 msgstr "git revert [ОПЦИЯ…] УК�З�ТЕЛ_КЪМ_ПОД�В��Е…"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:23
+#: builtin/revert.c:24
 msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
 msgstr "git revert ПОДКОМ��Д�"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:28
-msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>..."
+#: builtin/revert.c:29
+msgid "git cherry-pick [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
 msgstr "git cherry-pick [ОПЦИЯ…] УК�З�ТЕЛ_КЪМ_ПОД�В��Е…"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:29
+#: builtin/revert.c:30
 msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
 msgstr "git cherry-pick ПОДКОМ��Д�"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:71
+#: builtin/revert.c:90
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr "%s: опци�та „%s“ е не�ъвме�тима � „%s“"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:80
+#: builtin/revert.c:99
 msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
 msgstr "завършване на поредица от отбирани� или отмени на подавани�"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:81
+#: builtin/revert.c:100
 msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
-msgstr "завършване на поредица от отбирани� или отмени на подавани�"
+msgstr "продължаване на поредица от отбирани� или отмени на подавани�"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:82
+#: builtin/revert.c:101
 msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
 msgstr "отм�на на поредица от отбирани� или отмени на подавани�"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:83
+#: builtin/revert.c:102
 msgid "don't automatically commit"
 msgstr "без автоматично подаване"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:84
+#: builtin/revert.c:103
 msgid "edit the commit message"
 msgstr "редактиране на �ъобщението при подаване"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:87
-msgid "parent number"
+#: builtin/revert.c:106
+msgid "parent-number"
 msgstr "номер на родител�"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:89
+#: builtin/revert.c:107
+msgid "select mainline parent"
+msgstr "избор на о�новни� родител"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "merge strategy"
 msgstr "�тратеги� на �ливане"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:90
+#: builtin/revert.c:110
 msgid "option"
 msgstr "опци�"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:91
+#: builtin/revert.c:111
 msgid "option for merge strategy"
 msgstr "опци� за �тратеги�та на �ливане"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:104
+#: builtin/revert.c:120
 msgid "append commit name"
 msgstr "добав�не на името на подаването"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:105
-msgid "allow fast-forward"
-msgstr "позвол�ване на тривиални �ливани�"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:106
+#: builtin/revert.c:122
 msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
 msgstr "запазване на първоначално празните подавани�"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:107
-msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
-msgstr "позвол�ване на празни �ъобщени� при подаване"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:108
+#: builtin/revert.c:124
 msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
 msgstr "запазване на излишните, празни подавани�"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:112
-msgid "program error"
-msgstr "грешка в програмата"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:197
+#: builtin/revert.c:214
 msgid "revert failed"
 msgstr "неу�пешна отм�на"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:212
+#: builtin/revert.c:227
 msgid "cherry-pick failed"
 msgstr "неу�пешно отбиране"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:17
-msgid "git rm [options] [--] <file>..."
+#: builtin/rm.c:18
+msgid "git rm [<options>] [--] <file>..."
 msgstr "git rm [ОПЦИЯ…] [--] Ф�ЙЛ…"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:65
-msgid ""
-"the following submodule (or one of its nested submodules)\n"
-"uses a .git directory:"
-msgid_plural ""
-"the following submodules (or one of their nested submodules)\n"
-"use a .git directory:"
-msgstr[0] ""
-"�ледни�т подмодул или н�кой от неговите подмодули използват директори� на "
-"име\n"
-"„.git“:"
-msgstr[1] ""
-"�ледните подмодули или н�кои от техните подмодули използват директори� на "
-"име\n"
-"„.git“:"
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:71
-msgid ""
-"\n"
-"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
-msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"(ако и�кате да ги изтриете заедно � ц�лата им и�тори�, използвайте „rm -rf“)"
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:231
+#: builtin/rm.c:206
 msgid ""
 "the following file has staged content different from both the\n"
 "file and the HEAD:"
@@ -9793,7 +14221,7 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "�ъдържание и\n"
 "различно от �ъответ�тващото на HEAD:"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:236
+#: builtin/rm.c:211
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "(use -f to force removal)"
@@ -9801,13 +14229,13 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "(за принудително изтриване използвайте опци�та „-f“)"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:240
+#: builtin/rm.c:215
 msgid "the following file has changes staged in the index:"
 msgid_plural "the following files have changes staged in the index:"
 msgstr[0] "�ледни�т файл е � променено �ъдържание в индек�а:"
 msgstr[1] "�ледните файлове �а � променено �ъдържание в индек�а:"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:244 builtin/rm.c:255
+#: builtin/rm.c:219 builtin/rm.c:228
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
@@ -9816,220 +14244,683 @@ msgstr ""
 "(за запазване на файла използвайте опци�та „--cached“, а за принудително\n"
 "изтриване — „-f“)"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:252
+#: builtin/rm.c:225
 msgid "the following file has local modifications:"
 msgid_plural "the following files have local modifications:"
 msgstr[0] "�ледни�т файл е � променено �ъдържание"
 msgstr[1] "�ледните файлове �а � променено �ъдържание"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:270
+#: builtin/rm.c:241
 msgid "do not list removed files"
 msgstr "да не �е извеждат изтритите файлове"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:271
+#: builtin/rm.c:242
 msgid "only remove from the index"
 msgstr "изтриване �амо от индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:272
+#: builtin/rm.c:243
 msgid "override the up-to-date check"
 msgstr "въпреки проверката за актуално�тта на �ъдържанието"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:273
+#: builtin/rm.c:244
 msgid "allow recursive removal"
 msgstr "рекур�ивно изтриване"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:275
+#: builtin/rm.c:246
 msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
 msgstr ""
 "изходни�т код да е 0, дори ако никой файл нe e напа�нал � шаблона за "
 "изтриване"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:318
-msgid "Please, stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
-msgstr ""
-"За да продължите, или вкарайте промените по файла „.gitmodules“ в индек�а,\n"
-"или ги �катайте"
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:336
+#: builtin/rm.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
 msgstr "без използването на опци�та „-r“ „%s“ н�ма да �е изтрие рекур�ивно"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:375
+#: builtin/rm.c:345
 #, c-format
 msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
 msgstr "git rm: „%s“ не може да �е изтрие"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:13
-msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"
+#: builtin/rm.c:368
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да бъде изтрит"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:20
+msgid ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<host>:]<directory> "
+"[<ref>...]\n"
+"  --all and explicit <ref> specification are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-"
+"pack=П�КЕТ] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [ХОСТ:]ДИРЕКТОРИЯ [УК�З�ТЕЛ…]\n"
+"  опци�та „--all“ и изричното по�очване на УК�З�ТЕЛ �а взаимно не�ъвме�тими."
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:163
+msgid "remote name"
+msgstr "име на отдалечено хранилище"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:177
+msgid "use stateless RPC protocol"
+msgstr "използване на протокол без запазване на �ъ�то�нието за RPC"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:178
+msgid "read refs from stdin"
+msgstr "четене на указателите от �тандартни� вход"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:179
+msgid "print status from remote helper"
+msgstr "извеждане на �ъ�то�нието от отдалечената помощна функци�"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:7
+msgid "git serve [<options>]"
+msgstr "git serve [ОПЦИЯ…]"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:17 builtin/upload-pack.c:23
+msgid "quit after a single request/response exchange"
+msgstr "изход �лед първоначалната разм�на на за�вка и отговор"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:19
+msgid "exit immediately after advertising capabilities"
+msgstr "изход �лед първоначалната об�ва на възможно�тите"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:14
+msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
 msgstr "git shortlog [ОПЦИЯ…] [ДИ�П�ЗО�_��_ВЕРСИИТЕ] [[--] [ПЪТ…]]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:131
-#, c-format
-msgid "Missing author: %s"
-msgstr "�вторът лип�ва: %s"
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:15
+msgid "git log --pretty=short | git shortlog [<options>]"
+msgstr "git log --pretty=short | git shortlog [ОПЦИЯ…]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:230
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:264
+msgid "Group by committer rather than author"
+msgstr "Групиране по подаващ, а не по автор"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:266
 msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
 msgstr "подредба на подавани�та по бро� подавани� от автор"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:232
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:268
 msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
 msgstr "Без опи�ани� на подавани�та — да �е показва �амо бро� подавани�"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:234
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:270
 msgid "Show the email address of each author"
 msgstr "Извеждане на адре�а на е-поща за в�еки автор"
 
-# FIXME why is this so short
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:235
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:271
 msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 msgstr "ШИРОЧИ��[,ОТСТЪП_1[,ОТСТЪП_2]]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:236
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:272
 msgid "Linewrap output"
 msgstr ""
 "Прена��не на редовете до тази обща ШИРОЧИ�� (76), � ОТСТЪП_1 (6) за първи� "
 "ред и ОТСТЪП_2 (9) за о�таналите"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:9
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:298
+msgid "too many arguments given outside repository"
+msgstr "прекалено много аргументи извън хранилище"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:12
 msgid ""
-"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order] [--"
-"current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse] [--more=<n> | --list | --"
-"independent | --merge-base] [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | "
-"<glob>)...]"
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"\t\t[--current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
+"\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
+"\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <glob>)...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order] [--"
-"current] [--color[=КОГ�] | --no-color] [--sparse] [--more=БРОЙ | --list | --"
-"independent | --merge-base] [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(РЕВИЗИЯ | "
-"УК�З�ТЕЛ)…]"
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"    [--current] [--color[=КОГ�] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
+"    [--more=БРОЙ | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
+"    [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(РЕВИЗИЯ | УК�З�ТЕЛ)…]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:10
-msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
-msgstr "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=БРОЙ[,Б�З�]] [--list] [УК�З�ТЕЛ]"
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:16
+msgid "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=БРОЙ[,Б�З�]] [--list] [УК�З�ТЕЛ]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:649
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d ref"
+msgid_plural "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "„%s“ �е пре�кача — не може да �е обработ�т повече от %d указател"
+msgstr[1] "„%s“ �е пре�кача — не може да �е обработ�т повече от %d указатели"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "no matching refs with %s"
+msgstr "никой указател не �ъвпада � „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:626
 msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "извеждане на �лед�щите и локалните клони"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:651
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:628
 msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "извеждане на �лед�щите клони"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:653
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:630
 msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
 msgstr "оцвет�ване на „*!+-“ �поред клоните"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:632
 msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
 msgstr "извеждане на такъв БРОЙ подавани� от общи� предше�твеник"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:657
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:634
 msgid "synonym to more=-1"
 msgstr "�иноним на „more=-1“"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:658
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:635
 msgid "suppress naming strings"
 msgstr "без низове за имената на клоните"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:637
 msgid "include the current branch"
 msgstr "включване и на текущи� клон"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:662
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:639
 msgid "name commits with their object names"
 msgstr "именуване на подавани�та � имената им на обекти"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:664
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:641
 msgid "show possible merge bases"
 msgstr "извеждане на възможните бази за �ливани�"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:666
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:643
 msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
 msgstr "извеждане на недо�тижимите указатели"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:668
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:645
 msgid "show commits in topological order"
 msgstr "извеждане на подавани�та в топологиче�ка подредба"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:671
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:648
 msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
 msgstr "извеждане �амо на подавани�та, които не �а от първи� клон"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:673
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:650
 msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
 msgstr "извеждане на �ливани�та, които могат да �е до�тигнат �амо от един връх"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:675
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
 msgid "topologically sort, maintaining date order where possible"
 msgstr ""
 "топологиче�ка подредба, при запазване на подредбата по дата, доколкото е\n"
 "възможно"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
 msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
 msgstr "БРОЙ[,Б�З�]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:679
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
 msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
 msgstr "показване на най-много БРОЙ журнални запи�а � начало �ъответната Б�З�"
 
-# FIXME * -> ...
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:690
+msgid ""
+"--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, --independent or --merge-base"
+msgstr ""
+"опци�та „--reflog“ е не�ъвме�тима � опциите  „--all“, „--remotes“, „--"
+"independent“ и „--merge-base“"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:714
+msgid "no branches given, and HEAD is not valid"
+msgstr "не е зададен клон, а указател�т „HEAD“ е неправилен"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:717
+msgid "--reflog option needs one branch name"
+msgstr "опци�та „--track“ изи�ква точно едно име на клон"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "only %d entry can be shown at one time."
+msgid_plural "only %d entries can be shown at one time."
+msgstr[0] "�амо %d запи� може да бъде показан наведнъж."
+msgstr[1] "�амо %d запи�а може да бъде показани наведнъж."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:724
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such ref %s"
+msgstr "такъв указател н�ма: %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d rev."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d revs."
+msgstr[0] "не може да �е обработи повече от %d указател."
+msgstr[1] "не може да �е обработ�т повече от %d указатели."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:812
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid ref."
+msgstr "„%s“ е неправилен указател."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot find commit %s (%s)"
+msgstr "подаването „%s“ (%s) лип�ва"
+
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:10
 msgid ""
-"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
-"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<pattern>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
 "hash[=ЧИСЛО]] [--abbrev[=ЧИСЛО]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [Ш�БЛО�…]"
 
-# FIXME pattern & ref-list must be in <>
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:11
-msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list"
-msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=Ш�БЛО�] < СПИСЪК_С_УК�З�ТЕЛИ"
+msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=Ш�БЛО�]"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:159
 msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
 msgstr "извеждане на етикетите (може да �е комбинира � върховете)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:169
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:160
 msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
 msgstr "извеждане на върховете (може да �е комбинира � етикетите)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:161
 msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
 msgstr "�трога проверка на указателите, изи�ква �е указател � пълен път"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:173 builtin/show-ref.c:175
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:164 builtin/show-ref.c:166
 msgid "show the HEAD reference, even if it would be filtered out"
 msgstr "задължително извеждане и на указател� HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:177
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
 msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
 msgstr "да �е извеждат идентификаторите на обектите-етикети"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:179
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
 msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
 msgstr "извеждане �амо на този БРОЙ цифри от в��ка �ума по SHA1"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:183
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:174
 msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
 msgstr ""
-"без извеждане на резултатите на �тандартни� вход (полезно � опци�та „--"
+"без извеждане на резултатите на �тандартни� изход (полезно � опци�та „--"
 "verify“)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:185
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
 msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
 msgstr ""
 "извеждане на указателите приети от �тандартни� вход, които лип�ват в "
 "локалното хранилище"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:7
-msgid "git symbolic-ref [options] name [ref]"
-msgstr "git symbolic-ref [ОПЦИЯ…] ИМЕ [УК�З�ТЕЛ]"
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:18
+msgid "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:19
+msgid "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:36
+msgid "skip and remove all lines starting with comment character"
+msgstr "пропу�кане на в�ички редове, които започват � „#“"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:39
+msgid "prepend comment character and space to each line"
+msgstr "добав�не на „# “ в началото на в�еки ред"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:37 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1688
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such ref: %s"
+msgstr "Такъв указател н�ма: %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:44 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1697
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expecting a full ref name, got %s"
+msgstr "Очаква �е пълно име на указател, а не „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:61
+msgid "submodule--helper print-default-remote takes no arguments"
+msgstr ""
+"командата „print-default-remote“ на „submodule--helper“ не приема аргументи"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '%s'"
+msgstr "не може да �е махне компонент от адре�а „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:406 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1211
+msgid "alternative anchor for relative paths"
+msgstr "директори� за определ�нето на отно�ителните пътища"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:411
+msgid "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=ПЪТ] [ПЪТ…]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:462 builtin/submodule--helper.c:485
+#, c-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '%s' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr "Във файла „.gitmodules“ не е открит адре� за път� към подмодул „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not lookup configuration '%s'. Assuming this repository is its own "
+"authoritative upstream."
+msgstr ""
+"на�тройката „%s“ лип�ва.  Приема �е, че това хранилище е правилни�т източник "
+"за �ебе �и."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:511
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно реги�триране на адре� за път� към подмодул „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) registered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Реги�триран е подмодул „%s“ (%s) за път� към подмодул „%s“\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:525
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: command update mode suggested for submodule '%s'\n"
+msgstr "ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: препоръчва �е режим на обнов�ване за подмодула „%s“\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"�еу�пешно реги�триране на режима на обнов�ване за път� към подмодул „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:554
+msgid "Suppress output for initializing a submodule"
+msgstr "Без извеждане на информаци� при инициализирането на подмодул"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:559
+msgid "git submodule--helper init [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper name [ПЪТ]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:631 builtin/submodule--helper.c:757
+#, c-format
+msgid "no submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '%s'"
+msgstr "Във файла „.gitmodules“ лип�ва информаци� за път� „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:670
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD ref inside the submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "указател�т �очен от „HEAD“ в подмодула „%s“ не може да бъде открит"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:697 builtin/submodule--helper.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "неу�пешно рекур�ивно обхождане на подмодула „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:721 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1031
+msgid "Suppress submodule status output"
+msgstr "Заглушаване на изхода за �ъ�то�нието на подмодула"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:722
+msgid ""
+"Use commit stored in the index instead of the one stored in the submodule "
+"HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"Използване на подаването указано в индек�а, а не това от указател� „HEAD“ на "
+"подмодула"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:723
+msgid "recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "рекур�ивно обхождане на подмодулите"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:728
+msgid "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [ПЪТ…]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:752
+msgid "git submodule--helper name <path>"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper name ПЪТ"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:816
+#, c-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Синхронизиране на адре�а на подмодул за „%s“\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "неу�пешно реги�триране на адре� за път� към подмодул „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:836
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to get the default remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "отдалечени�т адре� на подмодула „%s“ не може да бъде получен"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:847
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to update remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "отдалечени�т адре� на подмодула „%s“ не може да бъде променен"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:895
+msgid "Suppress output of synchronizing submodule url"
+msgstr "Без извеждане на информаци� при �инхронизирането на подмодул"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:897
+msgid "Recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "Рекур�ивно обхождане на подмодулите"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:902
+msgid "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [ПЪТ]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains a .git directory (use 'rm -rf' if you "
+"really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+"Работното дърво на подмодул „%s“ �ъдържа директори� „.git“.\n"
+"(ако и�кате да ги изтриете заедно � ц�лата им и�тори�, използвайте „rm -rf“)"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:968
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains local modifications; use '-f' to discard "
+"them"
+msgstr ""
+"Работното дърво на подмодул „%s“ �ъдържа локални промени.  Можете да ги "
+"отхвърлите � опци�та „-f“"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:976
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cleared directory '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Директори�та „%s“ е изчи�тена\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:978
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Директори�та към работното дърво на подмодула „%s“ не може да бъде изтрита\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:987
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create empty submodule directory %s"
+msgstr "празната директори� за подмодула „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздадена"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) unregistered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Реги�траци�та на подмодула „%s“ (%s) за път� „%s“ е премахната\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1032
+msgid "Remove submodule working trees even if they contain local changes"
+msgstr ""
+"Изтриване на работните дървета на подмодулите, дори когато те �ъдържат "
+"локални промени"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1033
+msgid "Unregister all submodules"
+msgstr "Премахване на реги�трациите на в�ички подмодули"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1038
+msgid ""
+"git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr "git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [ПЪТ…]]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1052
+msgid "Use '--all' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgstr "Използвайте „--all“, за да премахнете в�ички подмодули"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1145 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1148
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' cannot add alternate: %s"
+msgstr "към подмодула „%s“ не може да �е добави алтернативен източник: %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1184
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateErrorStrategy is not recognized"
+msgstr ""
+"�епозната �тойно�т „%s“ за на�тройката „submodule.alternateErrorStrategy“"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1191
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateLocation is not recognized"
+msgstr "�епозната �тойно�т „%s“ за на�тройката „submodule.alternateLocation“"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1214
+msgid "where the new submodule will be cloned to"
+msgstr "къде да �е клонира нови�т подмодул"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1217
+msgid "name of the new submodule"
+msgstr "име на нови� подмодул"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1220
+msgid "url where to clone the submodule from"
+msgstr "адре�, от който да �е клонира нови�т подмодул"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1228
+msgid "depth for shallow clones"
+msgstr "дълбочина на плитките хранилища"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1231 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1606
+msgid "force cloning progress"
+msgstr "извеждане на напредъка на клонирането"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1236
+msgid ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<path>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<repository>] [--name <name>] [--depth <depth>] --url <url> --path <path>"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=ПЪТ] [--quiet] [--reference ХР��ИЛИЩЕ] "
+"[--name ИМЕ] [--depth ДЪЛБОЧИ��] --url �ДРЕС --path ПЪТ…"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1267
+#, c-format
+msgid "clone of '%s' into submodule path '%s' failed"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно клониране на адре�а „%s“ в път� „%s“ като подмодул"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1281
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get submodule directory for '%s'"
+msgstr "директори�та на подмодула „%s“ не може да бъде получена"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1347
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule path '%s' not initialized"
+msgstr "Път�т на подмодула „%s“ не е инициализиран"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1351
+msgid "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr "Веро�тно и�кахте да използвате „update --init“?"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1380
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping unmerged submodule %s"
+msgstr "Пре�качане на не�лети� подмодул „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1409
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "Пре�качане на подмодула „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1544
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s'. Retry scheduled"
+msgstr "�еу�пешен опит за клониране на „%s“.  �а�рочен е втори опит"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1555
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s' a second time, aborting"
+msgstr ""
+"Втори неу�пешен опит за клониране на „%s“.  Дей�твието �е преу�танов�ва"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1585 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1808
+msgid "path into the working tree"
+msgstr "път към работното дърво"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1588
+msgid "path into the working tree, across nested submodule boundaries"
+msgstr "път към работното дърво, през границите на вложените подмодули"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1592
+msgid "rebase, merge, checkout or none"
+msgstr ""
+"„rebase“ (пребазиране), „merge“ (�ливане), „checkout“ (изтегл�не) или "
+"„none“ (нищо да не �е прави)"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1598
+msgid "Create a shallow clone truncated to the specified number of revisions"
+msgstr "Плитко клониране, отр�зано до указани� брой вер�ии"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1601
+msgid "parallel jobs"
+msgstr "брой паралелни проце�и"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1603
+msgid "whether the initial clone should follow the shallow recommendation"
+msgstr "дали първоначалното клониране да е плитко, както �е препоръчва"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1604
+msgid "don't print cloning progress"
+msgstr "без извеждане на напредъка на клонирането"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1611
+msgid "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=ПЪТ] [ПЪТ…]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1624
+msgid "bad value for update parameter"
+msgstr "неправилен параметър към опци�та „--update“"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1692
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule (%s) branch configured to inherit branch from superproject, but "
+"the superproject is not on any branch"
+msgstr ""
+"Клонът на подмодула „%s“ е на�троен да на�лед�ва клона от обхващащи� проект, "
+"но той не е на никой клон"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1809
+msgid "recurse into submodules"
+msgstr "рекур�ивно обхождане подмодулите"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1815
+msgid "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper name embed-git-dir [ПЪТ…]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1901
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s doesn't support --super-prefix"
+msgstr "„%s“ не поддържа опци�та „--super-prefix“"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1907
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid submodule--helper subcommand"
+msgstr "„%s“ не е подкоманда на „submodule--helper“"
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:8
-msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] name"
+msgid "git symbolic-ref [<options>] <name> [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref [ОПЦИЯ…] ИМЕ [УК�З�ТЕЛ]"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:9
+msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <name>"
 msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] ИМЕ"
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40
@@ -10052,56 +14943,42 @@ msgstr "причина"
 msgid "reason of the update"
 msgstr "причина за обнов�ването"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:22
+#: builtin/tag.c:24
 msgid ""
-"git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]"
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>] <tagname> "
+"[<head>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git tag [-a|-s|-u ИДЕ�ТИФИК�ТОР_��_КЛЮЧ] [-f] [-m СЪОБЩЕ�ИЕ|-F Ф�ЙЛ] ЕТИКЕТ "
-"[ВРЪХ]"
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u ИДЕ�ТИФИК�ТОР_��_КЛЮЧ] [-f] [-m СЪОБЩЕ�ИЕ | -F Ф�ЙЛ] "
+"ЕТИКЕТ [ВРЪХ]"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:23
+#: builtin/tag.c:25
 msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
 msgstr "git tag -d ЕТИКЕТ…"
 
-# FIXME tabulator
-#: builtin/tag.c:24
+#: builtin/tag.c:26
 msgid ""
-"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>] \n"
-"\t\t[<pattern>...]"
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--no-contains <commit>] [--"
+"points-at <object>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<format>] [--[no-]merged [<commit>]] [<pattern>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git tag -l [-nБРОЙ] [--contains ПОД�В��Е] [--points-at ОБЕКТ] \n"
-"           [Ш�БЛО�…]"
+"git tag -l [-n[БРОЙ]] [--contains ПОД�В��Е] [--points-at ОБЕКТ]\n"
+"           [--format=ФОРМ�Т] [--[no-]merged [ПОД�В��Е]] [Ш�БЛО�…]"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:26
-msgid "git tag -v <tagname>..."
-msgstr "git tag -v ЕТИКЕТ…"
+#: builtin/tag.c:28
+msgid "git tag -v [--format=<format>] <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -v [--format=ФОРМ�Т] ЕТИКЕТ…"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:69
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
-msgstr "обект �ъ� �грешен формат при „%s“"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:301
-#, c-format
-msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
-msgstr "името на етикета е твърде дълго: „%.*s“…"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:306
+#: builtin/tag.c:86
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' not found."
 msgstr "етикетът „%s“ не е открит."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:321
+#: builtin/tag.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
 msgstr "Изтрит е етикетът „%s“ (бе „%s“)\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:333
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
-msgstr "етикетът „%s“ не може да бъде проверен"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:343
+#: builtin/tag.c:132
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -10114,7 +14991,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "  %s\n"
 "Редовете, които започват � „%c“, ще бъдат пропу�нати.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:347
+#: builtin/tag.c:136
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -10129,296 +15006,442 @@ msgstr ""
 "Редовете, които започват � „%c“, �ъщо ще бъдат включени — може да ги "
 "изтриете вие.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:371
-#, c-format
-msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s'"
-msgstr "зададена е неподдържана подредба „%s“"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:373
-#, c-format
-msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s' in variable '%s'"
-msgstr "зададена е неподдържана подредба „%s“ в променливата „%s“"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:428
+#: builtin/tag.c:190
 msgid "unable to sign the tag"
 msgstr "етикетът не може да бъде подпи�ан"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:430
+#: builtin/tag.c:192
 msgid "unable to write tag file"
 msgstr "файлът за етикета не може да бъде запазен"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:455
+#: builtin/tag.c:217
 msgid "bad object type."
 msgstr "неправилен вид обект."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:468
-msgid "tag header too big."
-msgstr "заглавната ча�т на етикета е прекалено дълга."
-
-# FIXME - why the ? - either we need to specify or not or it is good to specify
-#: builtin/tag.c:504
+#: builtin/tag.c:266
 msgid "no tag message?"
 msgstr "лип�ва �ъобщение за етикета"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:510
+#: builtin/tag.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
 msgstr "Съобщението за етикета е запазено във файла „%s“\n"
 
-# FIXME - the name of the option '--points-at'
-#: builtin/tag.c:559
-msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
-msgstr "опци�та „--points-at“ изи�ква аргумент-обект"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:561
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
-msgstr "неправилно име на обект „%s“"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:589
+#: builtin/tag.c:382
 msgid "list tag names"
 msgstr "извеждане на имената на етикетите"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:591
+#: builtin/tag.c:384
 msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
 msgstr "извеждане на този БРОЙ редове от в��ко �ъобщение за етикет"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:593
+#: builtin/tag.c:386
 msgid "delete tags"
 msgstr "изтриване на етикети"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:594
+#: builtin/tag.c:387
 msgid "verify tags"
 msgstr "проверка на етикети"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:596
+#: builtin/tag.c:389
 msgid "Tag creation options"
 msgstr "Опции при �ъздаването на етикети"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:598
+#: builtin/tag.c:391
 msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
 msgstr "анотирането на етикети изи�ква �ъобщение"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:600
+#: builtin/tag.c:393
 msgid "tag message"
-msgstr "�ъобщение за етикет"
+msgstr "СЪОБЩЕ�ИЕ за етикет"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:395
+msgid "force edit of tag message"
+msgstr "принудително редактиране на �ъобщение за етикет"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:602
+#: builtin/tag.c:396
 msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
 msgstr "анотиран етикет � подпи� по GPG"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:606
+#: builtin/tag.c:400
 msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
 msgstr "използване на друг ключ за подпи�ването на етикет"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:607
+#: builtin/tag.c:401
 msgid "replace the tag if exists"
 msgstr "зам�на на етикета, ако �ъще�твува"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:608
-msgid "show tag list in columns"
-msgstr "извеждане на �пи�ъка на етикетите по колони"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:610
-msgid "sort tags"
-msgstr "подреждане на етикетите"
+#: builtin/tag.c:402 builtin/update-ref.c:368
+msgid "create a reflog"
+msgstr "�ъздаване на журнал на указателите"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:614
+#: builtin/tag.c:404
 msgid "Tag listing options"
 msgstr "Опции за извеждането на етикети"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:617 builtin/tag.c:623
+#: builtin/tag.c:405
+msgid "show tag list in columns"
+msgstr "извеждане на �пи�ъка на етикетите по колони"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:406 builtin/tag.c:408
 msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
 msgstr "извеждане �амо на етикетите, които �ъдържат подаването"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:629
+#: builtin/tag.c:407 builtin/tag.c:409
+msgid "print only tags that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "извеждане �амо на етикетите, които не �ъдържат подаването"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:410
+msgid "print only tags that are merged"
+msgstr "извеждане �амо на �летите етикети"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:411
+msgid "print only tags that are not merged"
+msgstr "извеждане �амо на не�летите етикети"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:416
 msgid "print only tags of the object"
-msgstr "извеждане �амо на етикетите на обекта"
+msgstr "извеждане �амо на етикетите на ОБЕКТ�"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:655
+#: builtin/tag.c:460
 msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
 msgstr "Опциите „--column“ и „-n“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:667
-msgid "--sort and -n are incompatible"
-msgstr "Опциите „--long“ и „-n“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
+#: builtin/tag.c:482
+msgid "-n option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "Опци�та „-n“ изи�ква режим на �пи�ък."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:674
-msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "Опци�та „-n“ изи�ква опци�та „-l“."
+#: builtin/tag.c:484
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "Опци�та „-contains“ изи�ква режим на �пи�ък."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:676
-msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "Опци�та „-contains“ изи�ква опци�та „-l“."
+#: builtin/tag.c:486
+msgid "--no-contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "Опци�та „-contains“ изи�ква  режим на �пи�ък."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:678
-msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "Опци�та „-points-at“ изи�ква опци�та „-l“."
+#: builtin/tag.c:488
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "Опци�та „-points-at“ изи�ква режим на �пи�ък."
 
-# FIXME message pattern
-#: builtin/tag.c:686
+#: builtin/tag.c:490
+msgid "--merged and --no-merged options are only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "Опциите „--merged“ и „--no-merged“ изи�кват режим на �пи�ък."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:501
 msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
 msgstr "Опциите „-F“ и „-m“ �а не�ъвме�тими."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:706
+#: builtin/tag.c:520
 msgid "too many params"
 msgstr "Прекалено много аргументи"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:712
+#: builtin/tag.c:526
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
 msgstr "„%s“ е неправилно име за етикет."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:717
+#: builtin/tag.c:531
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
 msgstr "етикетът „%s“ вече �ъще�твува"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:741
+#: builtin/tag.c:562
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
 msgstr "Обновен етикет „%s“ (бе „%s“)\n"
 
-#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:489
+#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:498
 msgid "Unpacking objects"
 msgstr "Разпакетиране на обектите"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:403
-msgid "git update-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory %s"
+msgstr "директори�та „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздадена"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s"
+msgstr "не може да бъде получена информаци� чрез „stat“ за „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create file %s"
+msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздаден"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete file %s"
+msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде изтрит"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:113 builtin/update-index.c:219
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete directory %s"
+msgstr "директори�та „%s“ не може да бъде изтрита"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:138
+#, c-format
+msgid "Testing mtime in '%s' "
+msgstr "Проверка на времето на пром�на (mtime) на файла „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:152
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new file"
+msgstr ""
+"информаци�та получена чрез „stat“ за директори�та не �е промен� �лед "
+"добав�нето на нов файл"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:165
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new directory"
+msgstr ""
+"информаци�та получена чрез „stat“ за директори�та не �е промен� �лед "
+"добав�нето на нова директори�"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:178
+msgid "directory stat info changes after updating a file"
+msgstr ""
+"информаци�та получена чрез „stat“ за директори�та �е промен� �лед "
+"обнов�ването на нов файл"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:189
+msgid "directory stat info changes after adding a file inside subdirectory"
+msgstr ""
+"информаци�та получена чрез „stat“ за директори�та �е промен� �лед добав�нето "
+"на файл в поддиректори�"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:200
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a file"
+msgstr ""
+"информаци�та получена чрез „stat“ за директори�та не �е промен� �лед "
+"изтриването на файл"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:213
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a directory"
+msgstr ""
+"информаци�та получена чрез „stat“ за директори�та не �е промен� �лед "
+"изтриването на директори�"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:220
+msgid " OK"
+msgstr " Добре"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:589
+msgid "git update-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
 msgstr "git update-index [ОПЦИЯ…] [--] [Ф�ЙЛ…]"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:756
+#: builtin/update-index.c:946
 msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
 msgstr ""
 "продължаване � обнов�ването, дори когато индек�ът тр�бва да бъде обновен"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:759
+#: builtin/update-index.c:949
 msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
 msgstr "подмодулите да �е игнорират при обнов�ването"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:762
+#: builtin/update-index.c:952
 msgid "do not ignore new files"
 msgstr "новите файлове да не �е игнорират"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:764
+#: builtin/update-index.c:954
 msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
 msgstr "файлове да могат да замен�т директории и обратно"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:766
+#: builtin/update-index.c:956
 msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
 msgstr "предупреждаване при лип�ващи в работното дърво файлове"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:768
+#: builtin/update-index.c:958
 msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
 msgstr "обнов�ване дори и индек�ът да �ъдържа не�лети обекти"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:771
+#: builtin/update-index.c:961
 msgid "refresh stat information"
 msgstr "обнов�ване на информаци�та от функци�та „stat“"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:775
+#: builtin/update-index.c:965
 msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
 msgstr ""
 "като опци�та „--refresh“, но да �е провер�т и обектите, които �а били приети "
 "за непроменени"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:779
+#: builtin/update-index.c:969
 msgid "<mode>,<object>,<path>"
 msgstr "РЕЖИМ,ОБЕКТ,ПЪТ"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:780
+#: builtin/update-index.c:970
 msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
 msgstr "добав�не на изброените обекти към индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:784
-msgid "(+/-)x"
-msgstr "(+/-)x"
-
-#: builtin/update-index.c:785
-msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
-msgstr "изрично задаване на �тойно�тта на флага дали файлът е изпълним"
-
-#: builtin/update-index.c:789
+#: builtin/update-index.c:979
 msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
 msgstr "задаване на флаг, че файлът не �е промен�"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:792
+#: builtin/update-index.c:982
 msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
 msgstr "изчи�тване на флага, че файлът не �е промен�"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:795
+#: builtin/update-index.c:985
 msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
 msgstr "задаване на флаг, че файловете �а �амо за индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:798
+#: builtin/update-index.c:988
 msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
 msgstr "изчи�тване на флага,  че файловете �а �амо за индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:801
+#: builtin/update-index.c:991
 msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
 msgstr "добав�не �амо към индек�а без добав�не към базата от данни за обектите"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:803
+#: builtin/update-index.c:993
 msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
 msgstr "изтриване на указаните пътища, дори и да �ъще�твуват в работното дърво"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:805
+#: builtin/update-index.c:995
 msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
 msgstr ""
 "при комбиниране � опци�та „--stdin“ — входните редове �а разделени � нулеви� "
 "байт"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:807
+#: builtin/update-index.c:997
 msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
 msgstr "изчитане на �пи�ъка � пътища за обнов�ване от �тандартни� вход"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:811
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1001
 msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
 msgstr "добав�не на елементите от �тандартни� вход към индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:815
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1005
 msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
 msgstr ""
 "въз�танов�ване на �ъ�то�нието преди �ливане или нужда от обнов�ване за "
 "изброените пътища"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:819
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1009
 msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
 msgstr "добав�не �амо на �ъдържанието, което �е различава от това в „HEAD“"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:823
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1013
 msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
 msgstr "игнориране на файловете, които лип�ват в работното дърво"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:826
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1016
 msgid "report actions to standard output"
 msgstr "извеждане на дей�тви�та на �тандартни� изход"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:828
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1018
 msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
 msgstr ""
 "забрав�не на запи�аната информаци� за неразрешени конфликти — за командите "
 "от потребител�ко ниво"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:832
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1022
 msgid "write index in this format"
 msgstr "запи�ване на индек�а в този формат"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:834
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1024
 msgid "enable or disable split index"
 msgstr "включване или изключване на раздел�нето на индек�а"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:9
-msgid "git update-ref [options] -d <refname> [<oldval>]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [ОПЦИЯ…] -d ИМЕ_��_УК�З�ТЕЛ [СТ�Р�_СТОЙ�ОСТ]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1026
+msgid "enable/disable untracked cache"
+msgstr "включване/изключване на кеша за не�ледените файлове"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1028
+msgid "test if the filesystem supports untracked cache"
+msgstr "проверка дали файловата �и�тема поддържа кеш за не�ледени файлове"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1030
+msgid "enable untracked cache without testing the filesystem"
+msgstr ""
+"включване на кеша за не�ледените файлове без проверка на файловата �и�тема"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1032
+msgid "write out the index even if is not flagged as changed"
+msgstr "запи� на индек�а, дори да не е отбел�зан като променен"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1034
+msgid "enable or disable file system monitor"
+msgstr "включване или изключване на наблюдението на файловата �и�тема"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1036
+msgid "mark files as fsmonitor valid"
+msgstr "отбел�зване на файловете, че могат да �е �лед�т чрез файловата �и�тема"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1039
+msgid "clear fsmonitor valid bit"
+msgstr "изчи�тване на флага за �леденето чрез файловата �и�тема"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1138
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"enable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"�а�тройката „core.splitIndex“ е зададена на „false“ (лъжа).  Сменете � или � "
+"изтрийте, за да включите раздел�нето на индек�а"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1147
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"disable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"�а�тройката „core.splitIndex“ е зададена на „true“ (и�тина).  Сменете � или "
+"� изтрийте, за да изключите раздел�нето на индек�а."
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1158
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to disable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"�а�тройката „core.untrackedCache“ е зададена на „true“ (и�тина).  Сменете � "
+"или � изтрийте, за да изключите кеша за не�ледените файлове"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1162
+msgid "Untracked cache disabled"
+msgstr "Кешът за не�ледените файлове е изключен"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1170
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to enable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"�а�тройката „core.untrackedCache“ е зададена на „false“ (лъжа).  Сменете � "
+"или � изтрийте, за да включите кеша за не�ледените файлове"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1174
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked cache enabled for '%s'"
+msgstr "Кешът за не�ледените файлове е включен за „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1182
+msgid "core.fsmonitor is unset; set it if you really want to enable fsmonitor"
+msgstr ""
+"�а�тройката „core.fsmonitor“ не е зададена.  Задайте �, за да включите "
+"�леденето чрез файловата �и�тема."
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1186
+msgid "fsmonitor enabled"
+msgstr "�леденето чрез файловата �и�тема е включено"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1189
+msgid ""
+"core.fsmonitor is set; remove it if you really want to disable fsmonitor"
+msgstr ""
+"�а�тройката „core.fsmonitor“ е зададена.  Изтрийте �, за да изключите "
+"�леденето чрез файловата �и�тема."
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1193
+msgid "fsmonitor disabled"
+msgstr "�леденето чрез файловата �и�тема е изключено"
 
-# FIXME spaces - not needed in original
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:10
-msgid "git update-ref [options]    <refname> <newval> [<oldval>]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [ОПЦИЯ…] ИМЕ_��_УК�З�ТЕЛ �ОВ�_СТОЙ�ОСТ [СТ�Р�_СТОЙ�ОСТ]"
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] -d <refname> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [ОПЦИЯ…] -d ИМЕ_��_УК�З�ТЕЛ [СТ�Р�_СТОЙ�ОСТ]"
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:11
-msgid "git update-ref [options] --stdin [-z]"
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>]    <refname> <new-val> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [ОПЦИЯ…] ИМЕ_��_УК�З�ТЕЛ �ОВ�_СТОЙ�ОСТ [СТ�Р�_СТОЙ�ОСТ]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:12
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] --stdin [-z]"
 msgstr "git update-ref [ОПЦИЯ…] --stdin [-z]"
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:363
@@ -10439,63 +15462,367 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "read updates from stdin"
 msgstr "изчитане на указателите от �тандартни� вход"
 
-#: builtin/update-server-info.c:6
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:7
 msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
 msgstr "git update-server-info [--force]"
 
-#: builtin/update-server-info.c:14
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:15
 msgid "update the info files from scratch"
 msgstr "обнов�ване на информационните файлове от нулата"
 
-#: builtin/verify-commit.c:17
-msgid "git verify-commit [-v|--verbose] <commit>..."
-msgstr "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] ПОД�В��Е…"
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:11
+msgid "git upload-pack [<options>] <dir>"
+msgstr "git upload-repack [ОПЦИЯ…] ДИРЕКТОРИЯ"
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:25
+msgid "exit immediately after initial ref advertisement"
+msgstr "изход �лед първоначалната об�ва на указатели"
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:27
+msgid "do not try <directory>/.git/ if <directory> is no Git directory"
+msgstr ""
+"да не �е тър�и „ДИРЕКТОРИЯ/.git/“, ако ДИРЕКТОРИЯта не е под контрола на Git"
 
-#: builtin/verify-commit.c:75
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:29
+msgid "interrupt transfer after <n> seconds of inactivity"
+msgstr "тран�ферът да �е преу�танови �лед този БРОЙ �екунди"
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:18
+msgid "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] ПОД�В��Е…"
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:73
 msgid "print commit contents"
 msgstr "извеждане на �ъдържанието на подаването"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:54
-msgid "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>..."
-msgstr "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] П�КЕТ…"
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:74 builtin/verify-tag.c:38
+msgid "print raw gpg status output"
+msgstr "извеждане на необработени� изход от �ъ�то�нието на „gpg“"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:64
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:55
+msgid "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <pack>..."
+msgstr "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] П�КЕТ…"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:65
 msgid "verbose"
 msgstr "извеждане на подробна информаци�"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:66
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:67
 msgid "show statistics only"
 msgstr "извеждане �амо на �тати�тиката"
 
-#: builtin/verify-tag.c:17
-msgid "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>..."
-msgstr "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] ЕТИКЕТ…"
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:19
+msgid "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<format>] <tag>..."
+msgstr "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=ФОРМ�Т] ЕТИКЕТ…"
 
-#: builtin/verify-tag.c:73
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:37
 msgid "print tag contents"
 msgstr "извеждане на �ъдържанието на ЕТИКЕТи"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:13
+#: builtin/worktree.c:17
+msgid "git worktree add [<options>] <path> [<commit-ish>]"
+msgstr "git worktree add [ОПЦИЯ…] ПЪТ [УК�З�ТЕЛ_КЪМ_ПОД�В��Е]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:18
+msgid "git worktree list [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree list [ОПЦИЯ…]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:19
+msgid "git worktree lock [<options>] <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree lock [ОПЦИЯ…] [ПЪТ]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:20
+msgid "git worktree move <worktree> <new-path>"
+msgstr "git worktree move [ДЪРВО] [�ОВ_ПЪТ]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:21
+msgid "git worktree prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree prune [ОПЦИЯ…]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:22
+msgid "git worktree remove [<options>] <worktree>"
+msgstr "git worktree remove [ОПЦИЯ…] [ДЪРВО]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:23
+msgid "git worktree unlock <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree unlock [ПЪТ]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: not a valid directory"
+msgstr "Изтриване на „worktrees/%s“: не е правилна поддиректори�"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:64
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file does not exist"
+msgstr "Изтриване на „worktrees/%s“: файлът „gitdir“ не �ъще�твува"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:69 builtin/worktree.c:78
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: unable to read gitdir file (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+"Изтриване на „worktrees/%s“: файлът „gitdir“ (%s) не може да бъде прочетен"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Removing worktrees/%s: short read (expected %<PRIuMAX> bytes, read "
+"%<PRIuMAX>)"
+msgstr ""
+"Изтриване на „worktrees/%s“: изчитането върна по-малко байтове от очакваното "
+"(очаквани: %<PRIuMAX> байта, получени: %<PRIuMAX>)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:96
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: invalid gitdir file"
+msgstr "Изтриване на „worktrees/%s“: неправилен файл „gitdir“"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file points to non-existent location"
+msgstr ""
+"Изтриване на „worktrees/%s“: файлът „gitdir“ �очи не�ъще�твуващо "
+"ме�тоположение"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:152
+msgid "report pruned working trees"
+msgstr "докладване на ока�трените работни дървета"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:154
+msgid "expire working trees older than <time>"
+msgstr "об�в�ване на работните копи� по-�тари от това ВРЕМЕ за о�тарели"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:229
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' already exists"
+msgstr "„%s“ вече �ъще�твува"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:260
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory of '%s'"
+msgstr "директори�та „%s“ не може да бъде �ъздадена"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:373 builtin/worktree.c:379
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (new branch '%s')"
+msgstr "Приготв�не на работното дърво (нов клон „%s“)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:375
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (resetting branch '%s'; was at %s)"
+msgstr ""
+"Приготв�не на работното дърво (занул�ване на клона „%s“, който �очеше към "
+"„%s“)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:384
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (checking out '%s')"
+msgstr "Приготв�не на работното дърво (изтегл�не на „%s“)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:390
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (detached HEAD %s)"
+msgstr "Подготв�не на работно дърво (указател�т „HEAD“ не �вързан: %s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:431
+msgid "checkout <branch> even if already checked out in other worktree"
+msgstr "Изтегл�не КЛО�а, дори и да е изтеглен в друго работно дърво"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:434
+msgid "create a new branch"
+msgstr "�ъздаване на нов клон"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:436
+msgid "create or reset a branch"
+msgstr "�ъздаване или занул�ване на клони"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:438
+msgid "populate the new working tree"
+msgstr "подготв�не на новото работно дърво"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:439
+msgid "keep the new working tree locked"
+msgstr "новото работно дърво да о�тане заключено"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:441
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-branch(1))"
+msgstr "задаване на режима на �ледене (виж git-branch(1))"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:444
+msgid "try to match the new branch name with a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "опит за напа�ване на името на нови� клон � това на �лед�щ клон"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:452
+msgid "-b, -B, and --detach are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "Опциите „-b“, „-B“ и „--detach“ �а не�ъвме�тими една � друга"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:511
+msgid "--[no-]track can only be used if a new branch is created"
+msgstr "„--[no-]track“ може да �е използва �амо при �ъздаването на нов клон"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:611
+msgid "reason for locking"
+msgstr "причина за заключване"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:623 builtin/worktree.c:656 builtin/worktree.c:710
+#: builtin/worktree.c:850
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a working tree"
+msgstr "„%s“ не е работно дърво"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:625 builtin/worktree.c:658
+msgid "The main working tree cannot be locked or unlocked"
+msgstr "О�новното дърво не може да �е отключи или заключи"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:630
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked, reason: %s"
+msgstr "„%s“ вече е заключено, защото „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked"
+msgstr "„%s“ вече е заключено"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:660
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not locked"
+msgstr "„%s“ не е заключено"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:685
+msgid "working trees containing submodules cannot be moved or removed"
+msgstr ""
+"не може да ме�тите или изтривате работни дървета, в които има подмодули"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:712 builtin/worktree.c:852
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is a main working tree"
+msgstr "„%s“ е о�новно работно дърво"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not figure out destination name from '%s'"
+msgstr "името на целта не може да �е определи от „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "target '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "целта „%s“ вече �ъще�твува"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"не може да преме�тите заключено работно дърво, причина за заключването: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:732
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree"
+msgstr "не може да ме�тите заключено работно дърво"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:735
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot move working tree: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"проверките �а неу�пешни, работното дърво не може да бъде преме�тено: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:740
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to move '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е преме�ти в „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:788
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s'"
+msgstr "не може да изпълни „git status“ върху „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:792
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is dirty, use --force to delete it"
+msgstr ""
+"работното дърво „%s“ не е чи�то, за принудително изтриване е необходима "
+"опци�та „--force“ "
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:797
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s', code %d"
+msgstr ""
+"командата „git status“ не може да �е изпълни за „%s“, код за грешка: %d"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:808 builtin/worktree.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete '%s'"
+msgstr "неу�пешно изтриване на „%s“"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:834
+msgid "force removing even if the worktree is dirty"
+msgstr "принудително изтриване, дори работното дърво да не е чи�то"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:856
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"не може да изтриете заключено работно дърво, причина за заключването: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:858
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree"
+msgstr "не може да изтриете заключено работно дърво"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:861
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot remove working tree: %s"
+msgstr "проверките �а неу�пешни, работното дърво не може да бъде изтрито: %s"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:14
 msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
 msgstr "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=ПРЕФИКС/]"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:26
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
 msgid "<prefix>/"
 msgstr "ПРЕФИКС/"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:28
 msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
 msgstr "запи� на обект-дърво за поддиректори�та започваща � тази ПРЕФИКС"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:30
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:31
 msgid "only useful for debugging"
 msgstr "�амо за изчи�тване на грешки"
 
-#: credential-cache--daemon.c:267
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The permissions on your socket directory are too loose; other\n"
+"users may be able to read your cached credentials. Consider running:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Правата за до�тъп до директори�та за програмните гнезда �а прекалено "
+"�вободни —\n"
+"другите потребители могат да получат до�тъп до кешираните ви пароли.  За да\n"
+"коригирате това, изпълнете:\n"
+"\n"
+"    chmod 0700 %s"
+
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:271
 msgid "print debugging messages to stderr"
 msgstr "извеждане на �ъобщени�та за тра�иране на �тандартната грешка"
 
-#: git.c:17
+#: git.c:27
+msgid ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--"
+"bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]\n"
+"           <command> [<args>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C ПЪТ] [-c ИМЕ=СТОЙ�ОСТ]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=ПЪТ]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=ПЪТ] [--work-tree=ПЪТ] [--namespace=ИМЕ]\n"
+"           КОМ��Д� [�РГ…]"
+
+#: git.c:34
 msgid ""
 "'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some\n"
 "concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
@@ -10503,606 +15830,1060 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "„git help -a“ извежда наличните подкоманди, а „git help -g“ извежда "
 "наличните\n"
-"ръковод�тва. За помощ за �пецифична КОМ��Д� ползвайте „git help КОМ��Д�“, а "
+"въведени�.  За помощ за �пецифична КОМ��Д� ползвайте „git help КОМ��Д�“, а "
 "за\n"
-"н�кое определено ПО�ЯТИЕ използвайте „git help ПО�ЯТИЕ“."
+"н�кое определено ПО�ЯТИЕ използвайте „git help ПО�ЯТИЕ“.\n"
+"\n"
+"Българ�ки превод на книгата „Pro Git“ от Чакън и Страуб:\n"
+"http://i-can.eu/progit2-bg/progit.html"
+
+#: git.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --git-dir\n"
+msgstr "опци�та „--git-dir“ изи�ква директори�\n"
+
+#: git.c:187
+#, c-format
+msgid "no namespace given for --namespace\n"
+msgstr "опци�та „--namespace“ изи�ква име\n"
+
+#: git.c:201
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --work-tree\n"
+msgstr "опци�та „--work-tree“ изи�ква директори�\n"
+
+#: git.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "no prefix given for --super-prefix\n"
+msgstr "опци�та „--super-prefix“ изи�ква префик�\n"
+
+#: git.c:237
+#, c-format
+msgid "-c expects a configuration string\n"
+msgstr "опци�та „-c“ изи�ква низ за на�тройка\n"
+
+#: git.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for -C\n"
+msgstr "опци�та „-C“ изи�ква директори�\n"
+
+#: git.c:300
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option: %s\n"
+msgstr "непозната опци�: „%s“\n"
+
+#: git.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid "expansion of alias '%s' failed; '%s' is not a git command\n"
+msgstr ""
+"неу�пешно заме�тване на �инонима „%s“ — резултатът „%s“ не е команда на git\n"
+
+#: git.c:777
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run command '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "командата „%s“ не може да �е изпълни: %s\n"
+
+#: http.c:348
+#, c-format
+msgid "negative value for http.postbuffer; defaulting to %d"
+msgstr ""
+"отрицателна �тойно�т за „http.postbuffer“.  Ще �е ползва �тандартната: %d"
+
+#: http.c:369
+msgid "Delegation control is not supported with cURL < 7.22.0"
+msgstr "Управлението на делегирането не �е поддържа от cURL < 7.22.0"
+
+#: http.c:378
+msgid "Public key pinning not supported with cURL < 7.44.0"
+msgstr "Задаването на по�то�нен публичен ключ не �е поддържа от cURL < 7.44.0"
+
+#: http.c:1854
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unable to update url base from redirection:\n"
+"  asked for: %s\n"
+"   redirect: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"базови�т адре� не може да �е обнови �лед прена�очване:\n"
+"    � за�вен адре�: %s\n"
+"    � прена�очване: %s"
+
+#: remote-curl.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "redirecting to %s"
+msgstr "прена�очване към „%s“"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:59
+msgid "args"
+msgstr "�РГУМЕ�ТИ"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:60
+msgid "object filtering"
+msgstr "филтриране по вид на обекта"
+
+#: parse-options.h:157
+msgid "expiry-date"
+msgstr "период на валидно�т/запазване"
+
+#: parse-options.h:172
+msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
+msgstr "нулева операци� (за �ъвме�тимо�т � предишни вер�ии)"
+
+#: parse-options.h:251
+msgid "be more verbose"
+msgstr "повече подробно�ти"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:8
+#: parse-options.h:253
+msgid "be more quiet"
+msgstr "по-малко подробно�ти"
+
+#: parse-options.h:259
+msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
+msgstr "да �е показват такъв БРОЙ цифри от �умите по SHA1"
+
+#: command-list.h:50
 msgid "Add file contents to the index"
 msgstr "Добав�не на �ъдържанието на файла към индек�а"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:9
-msgid "Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug"
+#: command-list.h:51
+msgid "Apply a series of patches from a mailbox"
+msgstr "Прилагане на поредица от кръпки от пощен�ка кути�"
+
+#: command-list.h:52
+msgid "Annotate file lines with commit information"
+msgstr "�нотиране на редовете на файловете � информаци� за подавани�та"
+
+#: command-list.h:53
+msgid "Apply a patch to files and/or to the index"
+msgstr "Прилагане на кръпка към файловете и/или индек�а"
+
+#: command-list.h:54
+msgid "Import an Arch repository into Git"
+msgstr "Вна��не на хранилище на Arch в Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:55
+msgid "Create an archive of files from a named tree"
+msgstr "Създаване на архив � файловете от именовано дърво"
+
+#: command-list.h:56
+msgid "Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug"
 msgstr "Двоично тър�ене на пром�ната, ко�то е причинила грешка"
 
-# FIXME - should be similar to tag
-#: common-cmds.h:10
+#: command-list.h:57
+msgid "Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file"
+msgstr ""
+"Извеждане на вер�и�та и автора на по�ледната пром�на на в�еки от редовете на "
+"файл"
+
+#: command-list.h:58
 msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
 msgstr "Извеждане, �ъздаване, изтриване на клони"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:11
-msgid "Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree"
-msgstr "Изтегл�не на ц�л клон или файлове/директории в работното дърво"
+#: command-list.h:59
+msgid "Move objects and refs by archive"
+msgstr "Ме�тене на обекти и указатели по архиви"
+
+#: command-list.h:60
+msgid "Provide content or type and size information for repository objects"
+msgstr ""
+"Предо�тав�не на �ъдържанието или вида и размерите на обекти от хранилище"
+
+#: command-list.h:61
+msgid "Display gitattributes information"
+msgstr "Извеждане на информаци�та за атрибутите на git (gitattributes)"
+
+#: command-list.h:62
+msgid "Debug gitignore / exclude files"
+msgstr "Изчи�тване на грешки в игнорираните файлове (gitignore)"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:12
+#: command-list.h:63
+msgid "Show canonical names and email addresses of contacts"
+msgstr "Извеждане на каноничните име и адре� на е-поща на контактите"
+
+#: command-list.h:64
+msgid "Switch branches or restore working tree files"
+msgstr ""
+"Преминаване към друг клон или въз�танов�ване на файловете в работното дърво"
+
+#: command-list.h:65
+msgid "Copy files from the index to the working tree"
+msgstr "Копиране на файлове от индек�а към работното дърво"
+
+#: command-list.h:66
+msgid "Ensures that a reference name is well formed"
+msgstr "Проверка дали името на указател� е по правилата"
+
+#: command-list.h:67
+msgid "Find commits yet to be applied to upstream"
+msgstr ""
+"Откриване на подавани�, които още не �а подадени към отдалеченото хранилище"
+
+#: command-list.h:68
+msgid "Apply the changes introduced by some existing commits"
+msgstr "Прилагане на промените от �ъще�твуващи подавани�"
+
+#: command-list.h:69
+msgid "Graphical alternative to git-commit"
+msgstr "Графична алтернатива на „git-commit“"
+
+#: command-list.h:70
+msgid "Remove untracked files from the working tree"
+msgstr "Изтриване на не�ледените файлове от работното дърво"
+
+#: command-list.h:71
 msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
 msgstr "Клониране на хранилище в нова директори�"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:13
+#: command-list.h:72
+msgid "Display data in columns"
+msgstr "Извеждане по колони"
+
+#: command-list.h:73
 msgid "Record changes to the repository"
 msgstr "Подаване на промени в хранилището"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:14
+#: command-list.h:74
+msgid "Write and verify Git commit graph files"
+msgstr "Запи� и проверка на файловете � гра̀фа на подавани�та на Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:75
+msgid "Create a new commit object"
+msgstr "Създаване на нов обект-подаване"
+
+#: command-list.h:76
+msgid "Get and set repository or global options"
+msgstr ""
+"Извеждане и задаване на глобални на�тройки или на�тройки на определено "
+"хранилище"
+
+#: command-list.h:77
+msgid "Count unpacked number of objects and their disk consumption"
+msgstr ""
+"Пребро�ване на непакетираните обекти и колко ди�ково про�тран�тво заемат"
+
+#: command-list.h:78
+msgid "Retrieve and store user credentials"
+msgstr "Получаване и запазване на идентификаци�та на потребител"
+
+#: command-list.h:79
+msgid "Helper to temporarily store passwords in memory"
+msgstr "Помощна програма за временно запазване на пароли в паметта"
+
+#: command-list.h:80
+msgid "Helper to store credentials on disk"
+msgstr ""
+"Помощна програма за запазване на идентификаци�та на потребител на ди�ка"
+
+#: command-list.h:81
+msgid "Export a single commit to a CVS checkout"
+msgstr "Изна��не на едно подаване като изтегл�не в CVS"
+
+#: command-list.h:82
+msgid "Salvage your data out of another SCM people love to hate"
+msgstr "Изна��не на данните ви от друга �и�тема за контрол на вер�иите"
+
+#: command-list.h:83
+msgid "A CVS server emulator for Git"
+msgstr "Емулаци� на �ървър за CVS за Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:84
+msgid "A really simple server for Git repositories"
+msgstr "Силно опро�тен �ървър за хранилища на Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:85
+msgid "Give an object a human readable name based on an available ref"
+msgstr ""
+"Задаване на име удобно за потребителите на обект въз о�нова на наличен "
+"указател"
+
+#: command-list.h:86
 msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
 msgstr "Извеждане на разликите между подавани�та, вер�иите, работното дърво"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:15
+#: command-list.h:87
+msgid "Compares files in the working tree and the index"
+msgstr "Сравн�ване на файлове от работното дърво и индек�а"
+
+#: command-list.h:88
+msgid "Compare a tree to the working tree or index"
+msgstr "Сравн�ване на обекти-дърво � работното дърво и индек�а"
+
+#: command-list.h:89
+msgid "Compares the content and mode of blobs found via two tree objects"
+msgstr ""
+"Сравн�ване на �ъдържанието и правата за до�тъп на обектите-BLOB чрез два "
+"обекта-дърво"
+
+#: command-list.h:90
+msgid "Show changes using common diff tools"
+msgstr "Извеждане на промените чрез �тандартните ин�трументи за това"
+
+#: command-list.h:91
+msgid "Git data exporter"
+msgstr "Разглеждане на данните от Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:92
+msgid "Backend for fast Git data importers"
+msgstr "Ядро за бързо вна��не на данни в Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:93
 msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
 msgstr "Изтегл�не на обекти и указатели от друго хранилище"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:16
+#: command-list.h:94
+msgid "Receive missing objects from another repository"
+msgstr "Получаване на лип�ващи обекти от друго хранилище"
+
+#: command-list.h:95
+msgid "Rewrite branches"
+msgstr "Презапи�ване на клони"
+
+#: command-list.h:96
+msgid "Produce a merge commit message"
+msgstr "Създаване на �ъобщение при подаване �ъ� �ливане"
+
+#: command-list.h:97
+msgid "Output information on each ref"
+msgstr "Извеждане на информаци�та за в�еки указател"
+
+#: command-list.h:98
+msgid "Prepare patches for e-mail submission"
+msgstr "Подготв�не на кръпки за изпращане по е-поща"
+
+#: command-list.h:99
+msgid "Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database"
+msgstr "Проверка на обектите и връзките т�х в базата от данни за обектите"
+
+#: command-list.h:100
+msgid "Cleanup unnecessary files and optimize the local repository"
+msgstr "Изчи�тване на ненужните файлове и оптимизиране на локалното хранилище"
+
+#: command-list.h:101
+msgid "Extract commit ID from an archive created using git-archive"
+msgstr "Извеждане на идентификатора на подаване от архив на „git-archive“"
+
+#: command-list.h:102
 msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
 msgstr "Извеждане на редовете напа�ващи на шаблон"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:17
+#: command-list.h:103
+msgid "A portable graphical interface to Git"
+msgstr "Графичен интерфей� към Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:104
+msgid "Compute object ID and optionally creates a blob from a file"
+msgstr ""
+"Изчи�л�ване на идентификатор на обект и евентуално �ъздаване на обект-BLOB "
+"от файл"
+
+#: command-list.h:105
+msgid "Display help information about Git"
+msgstr "Извеждане на помощта за Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:106
+msgid "Server side implementation of Git over HTTP"
+msgstr "Сървърна реализаци� на Git по HTTP"
+
+#: command-list.h:107
+msgid "Download from a remote Git repository via HTTP"
+msgstr "Изтегл�не на отдалечено хранилище по HTTP"
+
+#: command-list.h:108
+msgid "Push objects over HTTP/DAV to another repository"
+msgstr "Изтла�кване на обекти по HTTP/DAV към друго хранилище"
+
+#: command-list.h:109
+msgid "Send a collection of patches from stdin to an IMAP folder"
+msgstr "Изпращане на поредица от кръпки на �тандартни� вход към папка по IMAP"
+
+#: command-list.h:110
+msgid "Build pack index file for an existing packed archive"
+msgstr "Създаване на пакетен индек� за �ъще�твуващ пакетиран архив"
+
+#: command-list.h:111
 msgid "Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
 msgstr "Създаване на празно хранилище на Git или занул�ване на �ъще�твуващо"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:18
+#: command-list.h:112
+msgid "Instantly browse your working repository in gitweb"
+msgstr "�езабавно разглеждане на работното ви хранилище чрез „gitweb“"
+
+#: command-list.h:113
+msgid "add or parse structured information in commit messages"
+msgstr ""
+"добав�не или обработка на �труктурирана информаци� в �ъобщени�та при подаване"
+
+#: command-list.h:114
+msgid "The Git repository browser"
+msgstr "Разглеждане на хранилище на Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:115
 msgid "Show commit logs"
 msgstr "Извеждане на журнала � подавани�та"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:19
+#: command-list.h:116
+msgid "Show information about files in the index and the working tree"
+msgstr "Извеждане на информаци� за файловете в индек�а и работното дърво"
+
+#: command-list.h:117
+msgid "List references in a remote repository"
+msgstr "Извеждане на указателите в отдалечено хранилище"
+
+#: command-list.h:118
+msgid "List the contents of a tree object"
+msgstr "Извеждане на �ъдържанието на обект-дърво"
+
+#: command-list.h:119
+msgid "Extracts patch and authorship from a single e-mail message"
+msgstr "Изваждане на кръпка и автор�твото от е-пи�мо"
+
+#: command-list.h:120
+msgid "Simple UNIX mbox splitter program"
+msgstr "Про�та програма за раздел�не на файлове във формат UNIX mbox"
+
+#: command-list.h:121
 msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
 msgstr "Сливане на две или повече поредици/и�тории от промени"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:20
+#: command-list.h:122
+msgid "Find as good common ancestors as possible for a merge"
+msgstr "Откриване на най-подход�щите общи предше�твеници за �ливане"
+
+#: command-list.h:123
+msgid "Run a three-way file merge"
+msgstr "Изпълнение на тройно �ливане"
+
+#: command-list.h:124
+msgid "Run a merge for files needing merging"
+msgstr "Сливане на файловете, които �е нужда�т от това"
+
+#: command-list.h:125
+msgid "The standard helper program to use with git-merge-index"
+msgstr "Стандартната помощна програма за „git-merge-index“"
+
+#: command-list.h:126
+msgid "Run merge conflict resolution tools to resolve merge conflicts"
+msgstr "Изпълнение на програмите за коригиране на конфликтите при �ливане"
+
+#: command-list.h:127
+msgid "Show three-way merge without touching index"
+msgstr "Извеждане на тройно �ливане без пром�на на индек�а"
+
+#: command-list.h:128
+msgid "Creates a tag object"
+msgstr "Създаване на обект-етикет"
+
+#: command-list.h:129
+msgid "Build a tree-object from ls-tree formatted text"
+msgstr "Създаване на обект-дърво от тек�т във формат „ls-tree“"
+
+#: command-list.h:130
 msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
 msgstr "Преме�тване или преименуване на файл, директори� или �имволна връзка"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:21
+#: command-list.h:131
+msgid "Find symbolic names for given revs"
+msgstr "Откриване на имената дадени на вер�и�"
+
+#: command-list.h:132
+msgid "Add or inspect object notes"
+msgstr "Добав�не или преглед на бележки към обект"
+
+#: command-list.h:133
+msgid "Import from and submit to Perforce repositories"
+msgstr "Вна��не и подаване към хранилища на Perforce"
+
+#: command-list.h:134
+msgid "Create a packed archive of objects"
+msgstr "Създаване на пакетиран архив от обекти"
+
+#: command-list.h:135
+msgid "Find redundant pack files"
+msgstr "�амиране на повтар�щи �е пакетни файлове"
+
+#: command-list.h:136
+msgid "Pack heads and tags for efficient repository access"
+msgstr "Пакетиране на върховете и етикетите за бърз до�тъп до хранилище"
+
+#: command-list.h:137
+msgid "Routines to help parsing remote repository access parameters"
+msgstr ""
+"Помощни програми за анализа на параметрите за до�тъп до отдалечено хранилище"
+
+#: command-list.h:138
+msgid "Compute unique ID for a patch"
+msgstr "Генериране на уникален идентификатор на кръпка"
+
+#: command-list.h:139
+msgid "Prune all unreachable objects from the object database"
+msgstr "Ока�тр�не на в�ички недо�тижими обекти в базата от данни за обектите"
+
+#: command-list.h:140
+msgid "Remove extra objects that are already in pack files"
+msgstr "Изтриване на допълнителните обекти, които вече �а в пакетни файлове"
+
+#: command-list.h:141
 msgid "Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch"
-msgstr "До�тав�не и интегрирането на промените от друго хранилище или клон"
+msgstr "До�тав�не и вна��не на промените от друго хранилище или клон"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:22
+#: command-list.h:142
 msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
 msgstr "Обнов�ване на отдалечените указатели и �вързаните � т�х обекти"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:23
-msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
-msgstr "Пребазиране на промени към нова о�нова"
+#: command-list.h:143
+msgid "Applies a quilt patchset onto the current branch"
+msgstr "Прилагане на поредица от кръпки от quilt към текущи� клон"
+
+#: command-list.h:144
+msgid "Reads tree information into the index"
+msgstr "Изчитане на информаци� за обект-дърво в индек�а"
+
+#: command-list.h:145
+msgid "Reapply commits on top of another base tip"
+msgstr "Прилагане на подавани�та върху друг връх"
+
+#: command-list.h:146
+msgid "Receive what is pushed into the repository"
+msgstr "Получаване на изтла�каното в хранилището"
+
+#: command-list.h:147
+msgid "Manage reflog information"
+msgstr "Управление на информаци�та в журнала на указателите"
+
+#: command-list.h:148
+msgid "Manage set of tracked repositories"
+msgstr "Управление на набор от �ледени хранилища"
+
+#: command-list.h:149
+msgid "Pack unpacked objects in a repository"
+msgstr "Пакетиране на непакетираните обекти в хранилище"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:24
+#: command-list.h:150
+msgid "Create, list, delete refs to replace objects"
+msgstr "Създаване, извеждане, изтриване на указатели за зам�на на обекти"
+
+#: command-list.h:151
+msgid "Generates a summary of pending changes"
+msgstr "Обобщение на пред�то�щите промени"
+
+#: command-list.h:152
+msgid "Reuse recorded resolution of conflicted merges"
+msgstr "Преизползване на вече запазено коригиране на конфликт при �ливане"
+
+#: command-list.h:153
 msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
 msgstr "Привеждане на указател� „HEAD“ към зададеното �ъ�то�ние"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:25
+#: command-list.h:154
+msgid "Revert some existing commits"
+msgstr "Отмен�не на �ъще�твуващи подавани�"
+
+#: command-list.h:155
+msgid "Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order"
+msgstr "Извеждане на подавани�та в обратна хронологиче�ка подредба"
+
+#: command-list.h:156
+msgid "Pick out and massage parameters"
+msgstr "Избор и пром�на на параметри"
+
+#: command-list.h:157
 msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
 msgstr "Изтриване на файлове от работното дърво и индек�а"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:26
+#: command-list.h:158
+msgid "Send a collection of patches as emails"
+msgstr "Изпращане на поредица от кръпки по е-поща"
+
+#: command-list.h:159
+msgid "Push objects over Git protocol to another repository"
+msgstr "Изтла�кване на обекти по протокола на Git към друго хранилище"
+
+#: command-list.h:160
+msgid "Restricted login shell for Git-only SSH access"
+msgstr "Ограничена входна обвивка за до�тъп през SSH �амо до Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:161
+msgid "Summarize 'git log' output"
+msgstr "Обобщен изход от „git log“"
+
+#: command-list.h:162
 msgid "Show various types of objects"
 msgstr "Извеждане на различните видове обекти в Git"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:27
+#: command-list.h:163
+msgid "Show branches and their commits"
+msgstr "Извеждане на клоните и подавани�та в т�х"
+
+#: command-list.h:164
+msgid "Show packed archive index"
+msgstr "Извеждане на индек�а на пакетирани� архив"
+
+#: command-list.h:165
+msgid "List references in a local repository"
+msgstr "Извеждане на указателите в локално хранилище"
+
+#: command-list.h:166
+msgid "Git's i18n setup code for shell scripts"
+msgstr "�а�тройки на Git за интернационализаци� на �криптовете на обвивката"
+
+#: command-list.h:167
+msgid "Common Git shell script setup code"
+msgstr "�а�тройки на Git за �криптовете на обвивката"
+
+#: command-list.h:168
+msgid "Stash the changes in a dirty working directory away"
+msgstr "Скатаване на неподадените промени в работното дърво"
+
+#: command-list.h:169
+msgid "Add file contents to the staging area"
+msgstr "Добав�не на �ъдържанието на файла към индек�а"
+
+#: command-list.h:170
 msgid "Show the working tree status"
 msgstr "Извеждане на �ъ�то�нието на работното дърво"
 
-# FIXME - should be similar to branch
-#: common-cmds.h:28
-msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
-msgstr "Извеждане, �ъздаване, изтриване, проверка на етикети подпи�ани � GPG"
+#: command-list.h:171
+msgid "Remove unnecessary whitespace"
+msgstr "Премахване на излишните знаци за интервали"
 
-#: parse-options.h:143
-msgid "expiry-date"
-msgstr "период на валидно�т/запазване"
+#: command-list.h:172
+msgid "Initialize, update or inspect submodules"
+msgstr "Инициализиране, обнов�ване или разглеждане на подмодули"
 
-#: parse-options.h:158
-msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
-msgstr "нулева операци� (за �ъвме�тимо�т � предишни вер�ии)"
+#: command-list.h:173
+msgid "Bidirectional operation between a Subversion repository and Git"
+msgstr "Двупо�очна работа между хранилища под Subversion и Git"
 
-#: parse-options.h:232
-msgid "be more verbose"
-msgstr "повече подробно�ти"
+#: command-list.h:174
+msgid "Read, modify and delete symbolic refs"
+msgstr "Извеждане, пром�на и изтриване на �имволни указатели"
 
-#: parse-options.h:234
-msgid "be more quiet"
-msgstr "по-малко подробно�ти"
+#: command-list.h:175
+msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
+msgstr "Извеждане, �ъздаване, изтриване, проверка на етикети подпи�ани � GPG"
 
-# FIXME SHA-1 -> SHA1
-#: parse-options.h:240
-msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
-msgstr "да �е показват такъв БРОЙ цифри от �умите по SHA1"
+#: command-list.h:176
+msgid "Creates a temporary file with a blob's contents"
+msgstr "Създаване на временен файл �ъ� �ъщото �ъдържание като обектът-BLOB"
 
-#: rerere.h:27
-msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
-msgstr ""
-"при възможно�т преизползване на решението на конфликта за обнов�ване на "
-"индек�а"
+#: command-list.h:177
+msgid "Unpack objects from a packed archive"
+msgstr "Разпакетиране на обекти от пакетиран архив"
 
-#: git-am.sh:52
-msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
-msgstr "Първо тр�бва да зададете информаци� за �ебе �и"
+#: command-list.h:178
+msgid "Register file contents in the working tree to the index"
+msgstr "Реги�триране на �ъдържанието на файловете от работното дърво в индек�а"
 
-#: git-am.sh:97
-msgid ""
-"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
-"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
-msgstr ""
-"Изглежда указател�т „HEAD“ е променен и не �очи към �ъщи� обект както по "
-"времето\n"
-"на по�ледното неу�пешно изпълнение на „git am“. Указател�т �е задава да �очи "
-"към\n"
-"„ORIG_HEAD“"
+#: command-list.h:179
+msgid "Update the object name stored in a ref safely"
+msgstr "Безопа�но обнов�ване на името на обект в указател"
 
-#: git-am.sh:107
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"When you have resolved this problem, run \"$cmdline --continue\".\n"
-"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"$cmdline --skip\" instead.\n"
-"To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+#: command-list.h:180
+msgid "Update auxiliary info file to help dumb servers"
 msgstr ""
-"След коригирането на този проблем изпълнете командата „$cmdline --"
-"continue“.\n"
-"За да пре�кочите тази кръпка, изпълнете командата „$cmdline --skip“.\n"
-"За да въз�тановите първоначалното �ъ�то�ние и да преу�тановите прилагането "
-"на \n"
-"кръпки, изпълнете командата „$cmdline --abort“."
+"Обнов�ване на файла � допълнителна информаци� в помощ на опро�тените �ървъри"
 
-#: git-am.sh:123
-msgid "Cannot fall back to three-way merge."
-msgstr "�е може да �е премине към тройно �ливане."
+#: command-list.h:181
+msgid "Send archive back to git-archive"
+msgstr "Изпращане на архива обратно към „git-archive“"
 
-#: git-am.sh:139
-msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
-msgstr ""
-"В хранилището лип�ват необходимите обекти BLOB, за да �е премине към тройно "
-"�ливане."
+#: command-list.h:182
+msgid "Send objects packed back to git-fetch-pack"
+msgstr "Изпращане на пакетираните обекти обратно към „git-fetch-pack“"
 
-#: git-am.sh:141
-msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
-msgstr "Базовото дърво �е рекон�труира от информаци�та в индек�а…"
+#: command-list.h:183
+msgid "Show a Git logical variable"
+msgstr "Извеждане на логиче�ка променлива на Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:156
-msgid ""
-"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
-"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
-msgstr ""
-"Кръпката не може да �е приложи към обектите BLOB в индек�а.\n"
-"Да не би да �те � редактирали на ръка?"
+#: command-list.h:184
+msgid "Check the GPG signature of commits"
+msgstr "Проверка на подпи�ите GPG върху подавани�та"
 
-#: git-am.sh:165
-msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
-msgstr "Преминаване към прилагане на кръпка към базата и тройно �ливане…"
+#: command-list.h:185
+msgid "Validate packed Git archive files"
+msgstr "Проверка на пакетираните архивни файлове на Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:181
-msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
-msgstr "�еу�пешно �ливане на промените."
+#: command-list.h:186
+msgid "Check the GPG signature of tags"
+msgstr "Проверка на подпи�ите GPG върху етикетите"
 
-#: git-am.sh:276
-msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
-msgstr ""
-"Само една �ери� кръпки от „StGIT“ може да бъде прилагана в даден момент"
+#: command-list.h:187
+msgid "Git web interface (web frontend to Git repositories)"
+msgstr "Уеб интерфей� на Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:363
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
-msgstr "�еподдържан формат на кръпки: „$patch_format“."
+#: command-list.h:188
+msgid "Show logs with difference each commit introduces"
+msgstr "Извеждане на журнал � разликите, въведени � в��ко подаване"
 
-#: git-am.sh:365
-msgid "Patch format detection failed."
-msgstr "Форматът на кръпката не може да бъде определен."
+#: command-list.h:189
+msgid "Manage multiple working trees"
+msgstr "Управление на множе�тво работни дървета"
 
-#: git-am.sh:392
-msgid ""
-"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
-"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
-msgstr ""
-"Опциите „-b“/„--binary“ отдавна не прав�т нищо и\n"
-"ще бъдат премахнати в бъдеще. �е ги ползвайте."
+#: command-list.h:190
+msgid "Create a tree object from the current index"
+msgstr "Създаване на обект-дърво от текущи� индек�"
 
-#: git-am.sh:486
-#, sh-format
-msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
-msgstr ""
-"предишната директори� за пребазиране „$dotest“ в�е още �ъще�твува, а е "
-"зададен файл „mbox“."
+#: command-list.h:191
+msgid "Defining attributes per path"
+msgstr "Указване на атрибути към път"
 
-# FIXME better message
-#: git-am.sh:491
-msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
-msgstr "Опциите „--skip“ и „--abort“ �а не�ъвме�тими."
+#: command-list.h:192
+msgid "Git command-line interface and conventions"
+msgstr "Команден ред и конвенции на Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:527
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Stray $dotest directory found.\n"
-"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
-msgstr ""
-"Открита е излишна директори� „$dotest“.\n"
-"Можете да � изтриете � командата „git am --abort“."
+#: command-list.h:193
+msgid "A Git core tutorial for developers"
+msgstr "Въвеждащ урок в Git за разработчици"
 
-#: git-am.sh:535
-msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
-msgstr "В момента не тече операци� по коригиране и н�ма как да �е продължи."
+#: command-list.h:194
+msgid "Git for CVS users"
+msgstr "Git за потребители на CVS"
 
-#: git-am.sh:601
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
-msgstr ""
-"Индек�ът не е чи�т: кръпките не могат да бъдат приложени (замър�ени �а: "
-"$files)"
+#: command-list.h:195
+msgid "Tweaking diff output"
+msgstr "�а�тройване на изгледа на разликите"
 
-# FIXME spaces
-#: git-am.sh:705
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?\n"
-"If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
-"To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
-msgstr ""
-"Кръпката е празна. Че�та причина за това е неправилно раздел�не на кръпки.\n"
-"За да пре�кочите тази кръпка, изпълнете командата „$cmdline --skip“.\n"
-"За да въз�тановите първоначалното �ъ�то�ние и да преу�тановите прилагането "
-"на \n"
-"кръпки, изпълнете командата „$cmdline --abort“."
+#: command-list.h:196
+msgid "A useful minimum set of commands for Everyday Git"
+msgstr "Полезен минимален набор от команди за ежедневната работа � Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:732
-msgid "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
-msgstr "Кръпката не �ъдържа валиден адре� за е-поща."
+#: command-list.h:197
+msgid "A Git Glossary"
+msgstr "Речник � термините на Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:779
-msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
-msgstr ""
-"За интерактивно изпълнение е необходимо �тандартни�т\n"
-"изход да е �вързан � терминал, а в момента не е."
+#: command-list.h:198
+msgid "Hooks used by Git"
+msgstr "Куки на Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:783
-msgid "Commit Body is:"
-msgstr "Т�лото на кръпката за прилагане е:"
+#: command-list.h:199
+msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
+msgstr "Указване на не�ледени файлове, които да бъдат нарочно пренебрегвани"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
-#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
-#. input at this point.
-#: git-am.sh:790
-msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
-msgstr ""
-"Прилагане? „y“ — да/„n“ — не/„e“ — редактиране/„v“ — преглед/„a“ — приемане "
-"на в�ичко"
+#: command-list.h:200
+msgid "Defining submodule properties"
+msgstr "Дефиниране на �вой�твата на подмодулите"
 
-#: git-am.sh:826
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
-msgstr "Прилагане: $FIRSTLINE"
+#: command-list.h:201
+msgid "Git namespaces"
+msgstr "Про�тран�тва от имена на Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:847
-msgid ""
-"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
-"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
-"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
-msgstr ""
-"Без промени — възможно е да не �те изпълнили „git add“.\n"
-"�ко н�ма друга пром�на за включване в индек�а, най-веро�тно н�ко� друга\n"
-"кръпка е довела до �ъщите промени и в такъв �лучай про�то пропу�нете тази."
+#: command-list.h:202
+msgid "Git Repository Layout"
+msgstr "У�трой�тво на хранилището на Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:855
-msgid ""
-"You still have unmerged paths in your index\n"
-"did you forget to use 'git add'?"
-msgstr ""
-"Индек�ът в�е още �ъдържа не�лети промени — възможно е да не �те изпълнили "
-"„git add“."
+#: command-list.h:203
+msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
+msgstr "Указване на вер�ии и диапазони в Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:871
-msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
-msgstr "Без промени — кръпката вече е приложена."
+#: command-list.h:204
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git: part two"
+msgstr "Въвеждащ урок за Git: втора ча�т"
 
-#: git-am.sh:881
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
-msgstr "�еу�пешно прилагане на кръпката „$msgnum“: „$FIRSTLINE“"
+#: command-list.h:205
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git"
+msgstr "Въвеждащ урок за Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:884
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"The copy of the patch that failed is found in:\n"
-"   $dotest/patch"
-msgstr ""
-"Дубликат на проблемната кръпка �е намира в:\n"
-"   $dotest/patch"
+#: command-list.h:206
+msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
+msgstr "Общ преглед на препоръчваните начини за работа � Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:902
-msgid "applying to an empty history"
-msgstr "прилагане върху празна и�тори�"
+#: rerere.h:40
+msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
+msgstr ""
+"при възможно�т преизползване на решението на конфликта за обнов�ване на "
+"индек�а"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:48
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
 msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
 msgstr "Започнете като изпълните командата „git bisect start“"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:54
+#: git-bisect.sh:60
 msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
 msgstr "Да �е извърши ли автоматично? „Y“ —  Д�, „n“ — не"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#: git-bisect.sh:121
 #, sh-format
 msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
-msgstr "непозната опци� „$arg“"
+msgstr "непозната опци� „${arg}“"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#: git-bisect.sh:125
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
 msgstr "„$arg“ не изглежда като указател към вер�и�"
 
-# FIXME - I ??? the message does not convey what is actually wrong - that the "HEAD" points to sth that is unparsable
-#: git-bisect.sh:117
+#: git-bisect.sh:154
 msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
 msgstr "Текущи�т указател „HEAD“ е неправилен."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#: git-bisect.sh:167
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <valid-branch>'."
 msgstr ""
-"�еу�пешно преминаване към „$start_head“. Изпълнете командата „git bisect "
-"reset СЪОТВЕТ�ИЯ_КЛО�“."
+"�еу�пешно преминаване към „${start_head}“.  Изпълнете командата „git bisect "
+"reset СЪЩЕСТВУВ�Щ_КЛО�“."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:140
+#: git-bisect.sh:177
 msgid "won't bisect on cg-seek'ed tree"
 msgstr ""
 "не може да �е тър�и двоично, когато е изпълнена командата „cg-seek“ от "
 "„cogito“"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:144
+#: git-bisect.sh:181
 msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
 msgstr "�еправилен указател „HEAD“"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#: git-bisect.sh:233
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
-msgstr "�еправилен аргумент на функци�та „bisect_write“: „$state“"
+msgstr "�еправилен аргумент на функци�та „bisect_write“: „${state}“"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#: git-bisect.sh:246
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
-msgstr "�еправилна вер�и�: „$arg“"
+msgstr "�еправилна вер�и�: „${arg}“"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:232
-msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
-msgstr "Функци�та „bisect_state“ изи�ква поне един аргумент."
+#: git-bisect.sh:265
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $bisected_head"
+msgstr "�еправилна вер�и�: „$bisected_head“"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#: git-bisect.sh:274
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
-msgstr "�еправилна вер�и�: „$rev“"
+msgstr "�еправилна вер�и�: „${rev}“"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:250
-msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
-msgstr "Командата „git bisect bad“ приема �амо един аргумент."
+#: git-bisect.sh:283
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' can take only one argument."
+msgstr "Командата „git bisect ${TERM_BAD}“ приема �амо един аргумент."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:273
-msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a bad commit."
-msgstr "ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: двоично тър�ене �амо по лошо подаване."
+#: git-bisect.sh:306
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a $TERM_BAD commit."
+msgstr "ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: двоично тър�ене �амо по ${TERM_BAD} подаване."
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:279
+#: git-bisect.sh:312
 msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
 msgstr "Да �е продължи ли? „Y“ —  Д�, „n“ — не"
 
-# FIXME me?
-#: git-bisect.sh:289
+#: git-bisect.sh:324
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"You need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.\n"
-"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+"You need to give me at least one $bad_syn and one $good_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
-"Тр�бва да зададете поне една добра и една лоша вер�и�. (Това може да �е\n"
-"направи �ъответно и чрез командите „git bisect bad“ и „git bisect good“.)"
+"Тр�бва да зададете поне една ${bad_syn} и една ${good_syn} вер�и�.  (Това "
+"може да �е\n"
+"направи �ъответно и чрез командите „git bisect ${bad_syn}“ и „git bisect "
+"${good_syn}“.)"
 
-# FIXME me
-#: git-bisect.sh:292
+#: git-bisect.sh:327
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
-"You then need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.\n"
-"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+"You then need to give me at least one $good_syn and one $bad_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
 "Тр�бва да започнете двоичното тър�ене чрез командата „git bisect start“.\n"
-"тр�бва да зададете поне една добра и една лоша вер�и�. (Това може да �е\n"
-"направи �ъответно и чрез командите „git bisect bad“ и „git bisect good“.)"
+"тр�бва да зададете поне една добра и една лоша вер�и�.  (Това може да �е\n"
+"направи �ъответно и чрез командите „git bisect ${bad_syn}“ и „git bisect "
+"${good_syn}“.)"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:363 git-bisect.sh:490
+#: git-bisect.sh:398 git-bisect.sh:512
 msgid "We are not bisecting."
 msgstr "В момента не �е извършва двоично тър�ене."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:370
+#: git-bisect.sh:405
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
-msgstr "„$invalid“ е неправилно подаване"
+msgstr "„${invalid}“ е неправилно подаване"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:379
+#: git-bisect.sh:414
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
 "Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
 msgstr ""
-"Първоначално указани�т клон „$branch“ в указател� „HEAD“ не може да бъде\n"
-"изтеглен. Пробвайте да изпълните командата „git bisect reset ПОД�В��Е“."
+"Първоначално указани�т клон „${branch}“ в указател� „HEAD“ не може да бъде\n"
+"изтеглен.  Пробвайте да изпълните командата „git bisect reset ПОД�В��Е“."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:406
+#: git-bisect.sh:422
 msgid "No logfile given"
 msgstr "�е е зададен журнален файл"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:407
+#: git-bisect.sh:423
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
 msgstr ""
-"Журнални�т файл „$file“ не може да бъде прочетен, за да �е изпълн�т "
+"Журнални�т файл „${file}“ не може да бъде прочетен, за да �е изпълн�т "
 "командите от него наново"
 
-# FIXME WTF
-#: git-bisect.sh:424
+#: git-bisect.sh:444
 msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
 msgstr ""
-"�епозната команда. Възможните варианти �а: „start“, „good“, „bad“, „skip“"
+"�епозната команда.  Възможните варианти �а: „start“, „good“, „bad“, „skip“"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:453
+msgid "bisect run failed: no command provided."
+msgstr "неу�пешно двоично тър�ене, не е зададена команда."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:436
+#: git-bisect.sh:458
 #, sh-format
 msgid "running $command"
-msgstr "изпълнение на командата „$command“"
+msgstr "изпълнение на командата „${command}“"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:443
+#: git-bisect.sh:465
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
 "exit code $res from '$command' is < 0 or >= 128"
 msgstr ""
 "неу�пешно двоично тър�ене:\n"
-"изходни�т код от командата „$command“ е $res — това е извън интервала [0, "
-"128)"
+"изходни�т код от командата „${command}“ е ${res} — това е извън интервала "
+"[0, 128)"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:469
+#: git-bisect.sh:491
 msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
 msgstr "двоичното тър�ене не може да продължи"
 
-# FIXME initial space
-#: git-bisect.sh:475
+#: git-bisect.sh:497
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
 "'bisect_state $state' exited with error code $res"
 msgstr ""
 "неу�пешно двоично тър�ене:\n"
-"функци�та „bisect_state $state“ завърши � код за грешка $res"
+"функци�та „bisect_state ${state}“ завърши � код за грешка ${res}"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:482
+#: git-bisect.sh:504
 msgid "bisect run success"
 msgstr "у�пешно двоично тър�ене"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:21
-msgid ""
-"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
-"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
-"as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
+#: git-bisect.sh:533
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Invalid command: you're currently in a $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD bisect."
 msgstr ""
-"�евъзможно е да издърпвате в момента, защото н�кои файлове не �а �лети. "
-"Тр�бва\n"
-"да ги прегледате, коригирате, ако е необходимо и да ги добавите или извадите "
-"от\n"
-"индек�а � командата „git add/rm Ф�ЙЛ“, �лед което тр�бва да подадете "
-"промените."
+"�еправилна команда: в момента �е изпълн�ва двоично тър�ене по ${TERM_BAD}/"
+"${TERM_GOOD}."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:25
-msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
-msgstr ""
-"�евъзможно е да издърпвате в момента, защото н�кои файлове не �а �лети."
+#: git-bisect.sh:567
+msgid "no terms defined"
+msgstr "не �а указани управл�ващи думи"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:31
+#: git-bisect.sh:584
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
-"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+"invalid argument $arg for 'git bisect terms'.\n"
+"Supported options are: --term-good|--term-old and --term-bad|--term-new."
 msgstr ""
-"�е �те завършили �ливане. (Указател�т „MERGE_HEAD“ �ъще�твува).\n"
-"Подайте промените �и, преди да започнете ново �ливане."
+"на „git bisect terms“ е подаден неправилен аргумент „${arg}“\n"
+"Поддържат �е опциите „--term-good|--term-old“ и „--term-bad|--term-new“."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:245
-msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
-msgstr "обнов�ване на в�е още не�ъздаден клон � промените от индек�а"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:46
+msgid ""
+"Error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by "
+"merge"
+msgstr "Грешка: Сливането ще презапише локалните промени на тези файлове:"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:61
+msgid "Automated merge did not work."
+msgstr "�втоматичното �ливане не �работи."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:269
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:62
+msgid "Should not be doing an octopus."
+msgstr "�е тр�бва да �е прави множе�твено �ливане."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:73
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
-"Warning: fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
-"Warning: commit $orig_head."
-msgstr ""
-"ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: до�тав�нето обнови върха на текущи� клон. Работното ви\n"
-"ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: копие бе тривиално �л�то от подаване „$orig_head“."
+msgid "Unable to find common commit with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "�е може да �е открие общо подаване � „$pretty_name“"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:77
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Already up to date with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Вече е обновено до „$pretty_name“"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding to: $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Превъртане до „$pretty_name“"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:294
-msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
-msgstr "�е може да �ливате множе�тво клони в празен върхов указател"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:97
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Trying simple merge with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Опит за про�то �ливане � „$pretty_name“"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:298
-msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
-msgstr "�е може да пребазирате върху повече от един клон"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:102
+msgid "Simple merge did not work, trying automatic merge."
+msgstr "Про�тото �ливане не �работи, пробва �е автоматично �ливане."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:57
+#: git-rebase.sh:61
 msgid ""
-"When you have resolved this problem, run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
-"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"git rebase --skip\" instead.\n"
-"To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run \"git rebase --abort"
-"\"."
-msgstr ""
-"След коригирането на този проблем изпълнете „git rebase --continue“.\n"
+"Resolve all conflicts manually, mark them as resolved with\n"
+"\"git add/rm <conflicted_files>\", then run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"You can instead skip this commit: run \"git rebase --skip\".\n"
+"To abort and get back to the state before \"git rebase\", run \"git rebase --"
+"abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"След коригирането на конфликтите, отбележете решаването им чрез:\n"
+"„git add/rm Ф�ЙЛ_С_КО�ФЛИКТ…“ и изпълнете „git rebase --continue“.\n"
 "�ко предпочитате да пре�кочите тази кръпка, изпълнете „git rebase --skip“.\n"
 "За да откажете пребазирането и да �е върнете към първоначалното �ъ�то�ние,\n"
 "изпълнете „git rebase --abort“."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:165
+#: git-rebase.sh:173 git-rebase.sh:442
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
+msgstr "Връщането към „${head_name}“ е невъзможно"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:184
 msgid "Applied autostash."
 msgstr "�втоматично �катаното е приложено."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:168
+#: git-rebase.sh:187
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Cannot store $stash_sha1"
-msgstr "„$stash_sha1“ не може да бъде запазен"
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:169
-msgid ""
-"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
-"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
-"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Прилагането на автоматично �катаното доведе до конфликти. Промените ви �а\n"
-"надеждно �катани. Можете да пробвате да ги приложите чрез „git stash pop“\n"
-"или да ги изхвърлите чрез „git stash drop“, когато пои�кате.\n"
+msgstr "„${stash_sha1}“ не може да бъде запазен"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:208
+#: git-rebase.sh:229
 msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
 msgstr "Куката за изпълнение преди пребазиране отхвърли пребазирането."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:213
-msgid "It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase."
+#: git-rebase.sh:234
+msgid "It looks like 'git am' is in progress. Cannot rebase."
 msgstr ""
-"Изглежда, че �ега �е прилагат кръпки чрез командата „git-am“. �е може да "
+"Изглежда, че �ега �е прилагат кръпки чрез командата „git-am“.  �е може да "
 "пребазирате в момента."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:351
-msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
-msgstr "Опци�та „--exec“ задължително изи�ква опци�та „--interactive“"
-
-# FIXME message
-#: git-rebase.sh:356
+#: git-rebase.sh:403
 msgid "No rebase in progress?"
 msgstr "Изглежда в момента не тече пребазиране"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:367
+#: git-rebase.sh:414
 msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
 msgstr ""
 "Опци�та „--edit-todo“ е до�тъпна �амо по време на интерактивно пребазиране."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:374
+#: git-rebase.sh:421
 msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
 msgstr "Указател�т „HEAD“ не може да бъде прочетен"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:377
+#: git-rebase.sh:424
 msgid ""
 "You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
 "mark them as resolved using git add"
 msgstr ""
-"Тр�бва да редактирате в�ички конфликти при �ливането. След това\n"
+"Тр�бва да редактирате в�ички конфликти при �ливането.  След това\n"
 "отбележете коригирането им чрез командата „git add“"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:395
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
-msgstr "Връщането към „$head_name“ е невъзможно"
-
-# FIXME tabulators, I, double spaces
-#: git-rebase.sh:414
+#: git-rebase.sh:468
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
@@ -11114,261 +16895,270 @@ msgid ""
 "and run me again.  I am stopping in case you still have something\n"
 "valuable there."
 msgstr ""
-"Вече �ъще�твува директори� „$state_dir_base directory“. Възможно ли е да "
-"�те\n"
+"Вече �ъще�твува директори� „${state_dir_base}“.  Възможно ли е да �те\n"
 "в проце� на друго пребазиране? �ко това е така, изпълнете:\n"
-"    $cmd_live_rebase\n"
+"    ${cmd_live_rebase}\n"
 "�ко не �те в проце� на друго пребазиране, изпълнете:\n"
-"    $cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
-"и отново започнете пребазирането. Текущото пребазиране �е преу�танов�ва, за\n"
+"    ${cmd_clear_stale_rebase}\n"
+"и отново започнете пребазирането.  Текущото пребазиране �е преу�танов�ва, "
+"за\n"
 "да не загубите �лучайно промени."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:465
+#: git-rebase.sh:509
+msgid "error: cannot combine '--signoff' with '--preserve-merges'"
+msgstr "грешка: опциите „--signoff“ и „--preserve-merges“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:537
 #, sh-format
-msgid "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
-msgstr "неправилна о�нова за �равнение „$upstream_name“"
+msgid "invalid upstream '$upstream_name'"
+msgstr "неправилна о�нова за �равнение „${upstream_name}“"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:489
+#: git-rebase.sh:561
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
 msgstr ""
-"указател�т „$onto_name“ може да �очи към повече от една о�нова за "
+"указател�т „${onto_name}“ може да �очи към повече от една о�нова за "
 "пребазирането"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:492 git-rebase.sh:496
+#: git-rebase.sh:564 git-rebase.sh:568
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
-msgstr "указател�т „$onto_name“ не �очи към никаква о�нова за пребазирането"
+msgstr "указател�т „${onto_name}“ не �очи към никаква о�нова за пребазирането"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:501
+#: git-rebase.sh:573
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
-msgstr "Указател�т „$onto_name“ не �очи към подаване"
+msgstr "Указател�т „${onto_name}“ не �очи към подаване"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:524
+#: git-rebase.sh:599
 #, sh-format
-msgid "fatal: no such branch: $branch_name"
-msgstr "фатална грешка: не �ъще�твува клон „$branch_name“"
+msgid "fatal: no such branch/commit '$branch_name'"
+msgstr "Ф�Т�Л�� ГРЕШК�: не �ъще�твува клон „${branch_name}“"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:557
+#: git-rebase.sh:632
 msgid "Cannot autostash"
 msgstr "�е може да �е �катае автоматично"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:562
+#: git-rebase.sh:637
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Created autostash: $stash_abbrev"
-msgstr "�втоматично �катано: „$stash_abbrev“"
+msgstr "�втоматично �катано: „${stash_abbrev}“"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:566
+#: git-rebase.sh:641
 msgid "Please commit or stash them."
 msgstr "Промените тр�бва или да �е подадат, или да �е �ката�т."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:586
+#: git-rebase.sh:664
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date."
+msgstr "Указател�т „HEAD“ е напълно актуален"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:666
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
-msgstr "Текущи�т клон „$branch_name“ е напълно актуален."
+msgstr "Текущи�т клон „${branch_name}“ е напълно актуален."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:590
+#: git-rebase.sh:674
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr "Указател�т „HEAD“ е напълно актуален.  Пребазирането е принудително."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:676
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
 msgstr ""
-"Текущи�т клон „$branch_name“ е напълно актуален. Пребазирането е "
+"Текущи�т клон „${branch_name}“ е напълно актуален.  Пребазирането е "
 "принудително."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:601
+#: git-rebase.sh:688
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
-msgstr "Промените от „$mb“ към „$onto“:"
+msgstr "Промените от „${mb}“ към „${onto}“:"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:610
+#: git-rebase.sh:697
 msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
 msgstr ""
 "Първо, указател�т „HEAD“ започва да �очи към базата, върху ко�то пребазирате…"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:620
+#: git-rebase.sh:707
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
-msgstr "Тривиално �ливане на „$branch_name“ върху „$onto_name“."
+msgstr "Превъртане на „${branch_name}“ върху „${onto_name}“."
 
-# FIXME - should 'clear' not take parameters in principle?
-#: git-stash.sh:51
+#: git-stash.sh:61
 msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
 msgstr "Командата „git stash clear“ не поддържа аргументи"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:74
+#: git-stash.sh:108
 msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
 msgstr "В�е още лип�ва първоначално подаване"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:89
+#: git-stash.sh:123
 msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
 msgstr "Съ�то�нието на текущи� индек� не може да бъде запазено"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:124 git-stash.sh:137
+#: git-stash.sh:138
+msgid "Cannot save the untracked files"
+msgstr "�е�ледените файлове не могат да �е запаз�т"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:158 git-stash.sh:171
 msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
 msgstr "Съ�то�нието на работното дърво не може да бъде запазено"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:141
+#: git-stash.sh:175
 msgid "No changes selected"
 msgstr "�е �а избрани никакви промени"
 
-# FIXME can't happen??? може, може
-#: git-stash.sh:144
+#: git-stash.sh:178
 msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
 msgstr "Временни�т индек� не може да бъде изтрит"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:157
+#: git-stash.sh:191
 msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
 msgstr "Съ�то�нието на работното дърво не може да бъде запазено"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:191
+#: git-stash.sh:229
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Cannot update $ref_stash with $w_commit"
 msgstr ""
-"Указател�т „$ref_stash“ не може да бъде обновен да �очи към „$w_commit“"
+"Указател�т „${ref_stash}“ не може да бъде обновен да �очи към „${w_commit}“"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: $option is an invalid option, like
-#. `--blah-blah'. The 7 spaces at the beginning of the
-#. second line correspond to "error: ". So you should line
-#. up the second line with however many characters the
-#. translation of "error: " takes in your language. E.g. in
-#. English this is:
-#.
-#. $ git stash save --blah-blah 2>&1 | head -n 2
-#. error: unknown option for 'stash save': --blah-blah
-#. To provide a message, use git stash save -- '--blah-blah'
-#: git-stash.sh:238
+#: git-stash.sh:281
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
-"       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
-msgstr ""
-"грешка: командата „git stash save“ не поддържа опци� „$option“\n"
-"        За да зададете �ъобщение, изпълнете „git stash save -- '$option'“"
+msgid "error: unknown option for 'stash push': $option"
+msgstr "ГРЕШК�: командата „stash push“ не приема опци�та „$option“"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:295
+msgid "Can't use --patch and --include-untracked or --all at the same time"
+msgstr "Опци�та „--patch“ е не�ъвме�тима � „--include-untracked“ и „--all“"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:259
+#: git-stash.sh:303
 msgid "No local changes to save"
 msgstr "��ма никакви локални промени за �катаване"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:263
+#: git-stash.sh:308
 msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
 msgstr "Скатаването не може да �тартира"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:267
+#: git-stash.sh:312
 msgid "Cannot save the current status"
 msgstr "Текущото �ъ�то�ние не може да бъде запазено"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:285
+#: git-stash.sh:313
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Saved working directory and index state $stash_msg"
+msgstr ""
+"Съ�то�нието на работната директори� и индек�а �а запазени: „$stash_msg“"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:342
 msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
 msgstr "Промените в работното дърво не могат да бъдат занулени"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:384
-msgid "No stash found."
+#: git-stash.sh:490
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unknown option: $opt"
+msgstr "непозната опци�: ${opt}"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:503
+msgid "No stash entries found."
 msgstr "�е е открито нищо �катано."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:391
+#: git-stash.sh:510
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
-msgstr "Указани �а прекалено много вер�ии: „$REV“"
+msgstr "Указани �а прекалено много вер�ии: „${REV}“"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:397
+#: git-stash.sh:525
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$reference is not a valid reference"
-msgstr "Указател�т „$reference“ е грешен"
+msgstr "Указател�т „${reference}“ е грешен"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:425
+#: git-stash.sh:553
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
-msgstr "„$args“ не е подаване, приличащо на нещо �катано"
+msgstr "„${args}“ не е подаване, приличащо на нещо �катано"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:436
+#: git-stash.sh:564
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
-msgstr "„$args“ не е указател към нещо �катано"
+msgstr "„${args}“ не е указател към нещо �катано"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:444
+#: git-stash.sh:572
 msgid "unable to refresh index"
 msgstr "индек�ът не може да бъде обновен"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:448
+#: git-stash.sh:576
 msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
 msgstr "По време на �ливане не може да приложите нещо �катано"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:456
+#: git-stash.sh:584
 msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
 msgstr ""
-"В индек�а има конфликти. Пробвайте да изпълните командата без опци�та „--"
+"В индек�а има конфликти.  Пробвайте да изпълните командата без опци�та „--"
 "index“."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:458
+#: git-stash.sh:586
 msgid "Could not save index tree"
 msgstr "Дървото �очено от индек�а не може да бъде запазено"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:492
+#: git-stash.sh:595
+msgid "Could not restore untracked files from stash entry"
+msgstr "�е�ледени файлове не могат да �е въз�танов�т от �катаното"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:620
 msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
 msgstr "Променените файлове не могат да бъдат извадени от индек�а"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:507
+#: git-stash.sh:635
 msgid "Index was not unstashed."
 msgstr "Индек�ът не е �катан."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:530
+#: git-stash.sh:649
+msgid "The stash entry is kept in case you need it again."
+msgstr "Скатаното е запазено в �лучай, че ви потр�бва отново"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:658
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
 msgstr "Изтрито е �катаното „${REV}“ ($s)"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:531
+#: git-stash.sh:659
 #, sh-format
 msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
 msgstr "Скатаното „${REV}“ не може да бъде изтрито"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:539
+#: git-stash.sh:667
 msgid "No branch name specified"
 msgstr "�е е указано име на клон"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:611
+#: git-stash.sh:746
 msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
 msgstr "(За да ги въз�тановите, изпълнете командата „git stash apply“)"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:95
-#, sh-format
-msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
-msgstr "не може да �е махне компонент от адре�а „$remoteurl“"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:237
-#, sh-format
-msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Във файла „.gitmodules“ лип�ва информаци� за път� „$sm_path“"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:287
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
-msgstr "�еу�пешно клониране на адре�а „$url“ в път� „$sm_path“ като подмодул"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:296
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
-msgstr "Директори�та в Git „$a“ е ча�т от път� на подмодула „$b“ или обратно"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:406
+#: git-submodule.sh:188
 msgid "Relative path can only be used from the toplevel of the working tree"
 msgstr ""
 "Отно�ителен път може да �е ползва �амо от о�новната директори� на работното "
 "дърво"
 
-# FIXME - what is this regex?
-#: git-submodule.sh:416
+#: git-submodule.sh:198
 #, sh-format
 msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
 msgstr ""
-"адре� на хранилище: „$repo“ тр�бва или да е аб�олютен, или да започва � „./“ "
-"или „../“"
+"адре� на хранилище: „${repo}“ тр�бва или да е аб�олютен, или да започва � "
+"„./“ или „../“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:433
+#: git-submodule.sh:217
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
-msgstr "„$sm_path“ вече �ъще�твува в индек�а"
+msgstr "„${sm_path}“ вече �ъще�твува в индек�а"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:437
+#: git-submodule.sh:220
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index and is not a submodule"
+msgstr "„${sm_path}“ вече �ъще�твува в индек�а и не е подмодул"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:226
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
@@ -11376,305 +17166,1546 @@ msgid ""
 "Use -f if you really want to add it."
 msgstr ""
 "Следни�т път �е игнорира поради н�кой от файловете „.gitignore“:\n"
-"$sm_path\n"
+"${sm_path}\n"
 "Използвайте опци�та „-f“, ако за да го добавите наи�тина."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:455
+#: git-submodule.sh:249
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
-msgstr "Добав�не на �ъще�твуващото хранилище в „$sm_path“ към индек�а"
+msgstr "Добав�не на �ъще�твуващото хранилище в „${sm_path}“ към индек�а"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:457
+#: git-submodule.sh:251
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
-msgstr "„$sm_path“ �ъще�твува, а не е хранилище на Git"
+msgstr "„${sm_path}“ �ъще�твува, а не е хранилище на Git"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:465
+#: git-submodule.sh:259
 #, sh-format
 msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
 msgstr ""
-"Открита е локална директори� на Git — „$sm_name“, ко�то �очи към "
+"Открита е локална директори� на Git — „${sm_name}“, ко�то �очи към "
 "отдалечените хранилища:"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:467
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from"
-msgstr ""
-"�ко и�кате да преизползвате тази локална директори� на Git вме�то да отново "
-"да клонирате:"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:469
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo"
-msgstr ""
-"използвайте опци�та „--force“. �ко локалната директори� не �очи към "
-"правилното отдалечено хранилище"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:470
+#: git-submodule.sh:261
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
+"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct "
+"repo\n"
 "or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
 "option."
 msgstr ""
-"или не �те �игурни какво означава в�ичко това, про�то задайте друго име като "
-"аргумент на опци�та „--name“."
+"�ко и�кате да преизползвате тази директори� на git, вме�то да клонирате "
+"отново\n"
+"    $realrepo\n"
+"използвайте опци�та „--force“.  �ко локалната директори� на git не е за\n"
+"правилното хранилище или ако не знаете какво означава това, използвайте\n"
+"друго име като аргумент към опци�та „--name“."
 
-# FIXME активиране - какво в�ъщно�т �тава
-#: git-submodule.sh:472
+#: git-submodule.sh:267
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
-msgstr "�ктивиране на локалното хранилище за подмодула „$sm_name“ наново."
+msgstr "�ктивиране на локалното хранилище за подмодула „${sm_name}“ наново."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:484
+#: git-submodule.sh:279
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Подмодулът „$sm_path“ не може да бъде изтеглен"
+msgstr "Подмодулът „${sm_path}“ не може да бъде изтеглен"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:489
+#: git-submodule.sh:284
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "�еу�пешно добав�не на подмодула „$sm_path“"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно добав�не на подмодула „${sm_path}“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:498
+#: git-submodule.sh:293
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "�еу�пешно реги�триране на подмодула „$sm_path“"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно реги�триране на подмодула „${sm_path}“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:542
+#: git-submodule.sh:354
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Entering '$prefix$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Влизане в „$prefix$displaypath“"
+msgid "Entering '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Влизане в „${displaypath}“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:562
+#: git-submodule.sh:374
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Stopping at '$prefix$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgid "Stopping at '$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
 msgstr ""
-"Спиране при „$prefix$displaypath“ — изходни�т код от �крипта бе различен от "
-"0."
+"Спиране при „${displaypath}“ — изходни�т код от �крипта бе различен от 0."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:600
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Текущата вер�и� за подмодула в „${displaypath}“ лип�ва"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:610
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно до�тав�не в път� към подмодул „${sm_path}“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:608
+#: git-submodule.sh:615
 #, sh-format
-msgid "No url found for submodule path '$displaypath' in .gitmodules"
+msgid ""
+"Unable to find current ${remote_name}/${branch} revision in submodule path "
+"'$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
-"Във файла „.gitmodules“ не е открит адре� за път� към подмодул „$displaypath“"
+"Текущата вер�и� „${remote_name}/${branch}“ в път� към подмодул „${sm_path}“ "
+"лип�ва"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:617
+#: git-submodule.sh:633
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "�еу�пешно реги�триране на адре� за път� към подмодул „$displaypath“"
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно до�тав�не в път� към подмодул „${displaypath}“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:619
+#: git-submodule.sh:639
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$displaypath'"
+msgid ""
+"Fetched in submodule path '$displaypath', but it did not contain $sha1. "
+"Direct fetching of that commit failed."
 msgstr ""
-"Реги�триран е подмодул „$name“, �очещ към адре� „$url“, за път� към подмодул "
-"„$displaypath“"
+"Подмодулът в път� „$displaypath“ е до�тавен, но не �ъдържа обекта �ъ� �ума\n"
+"„$sha1“.  Директното до�тав�не на това подаване е неу�пешно."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:636
+#: git-submodule.sh:646
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
-"�еу�пешно реги�триране на режима на обнов�ване за път� към подмодул "
-"„$displaypath“"
+"�еу�пешно изтегл�не на вер�и� „${sha1}“ в път� към подмодул „${displaypath}“'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:674
+#: git-submodule.sh:647
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Use '.' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
-msgstr "Използвайте „.“, за да премахнете в�ички подмодули"
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Път към подмодул „${displaypath}“: изтеглена е вер�и� „${sha1}“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:691
+#: git-submodule.sh:651
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains a .git directory"
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
-"Път�т към подмодул „$displaypath“ в работното дърво �ъдържа директори� „.git“"
+"�еу�пешно пребазиране на вер�и� „${sha1}“ в път� към подмодул "
+"„${displaypath}“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:692
+#: git-submodule.sh:652
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
-msgstr ""
-"(използвайте командата „rm -rf“, за да го изтриете заедно � ц�лата му "
-"и�тори�)"
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Път към подмодул „${displaypath}“: пребазиране върху вер�и� „${sha1}“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:698
+#: git-submodule.sh:657
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains local modifications; use '-f' to "
-"discard them"
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
-"Път�т към подмодул „$displaypath“ в работното дърво �ъдържа локални промени. "
-"Можете да ги пренебрегнете и отмените � опци�та „-f“"
+"�еу�пешно �ливане на вер�и� „${sha1}“ в път� към подмодул „${displaypath}“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:701
+#: git-submodule.sh:658
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Cleared directory '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Директори�та „$displaypath“ е изчи�тена"
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Път към подмодул „${displaypath}“: �ливане � вер�и� „${sha1}“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:702
+#: git-submodule.sh:663
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
-"Директори�та към работното дърво на подмодула „$displaypath“ не може да бъде "
-"изтрита"
+"�еу�пешно изпълнение на командата „${command} ${sha1}“ в път� към подмодул "
+"„${displaypath}“"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:664
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': '$command $sha1'"
+msgstr "Път към подмодул „${displaypath}“: „${command} ${sha1}“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:705
+#: git-submodule.sh:695
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Could not create empty submodule directory '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
-"Празната директори� за подмодула „$displaypath“ не може да бъде �ъздадена"
+"�еу�пешна обработка на поддиректориите в път� към подмодул „${displaypath}“"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:791
+msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
+msgstr "Опциите „--cached“ и „--files“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:714
+#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
+msgstr "неочакван режим „${mod_dst}“"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:863
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
 msgstr ""
-"Премахната е реги�траци�та на подмодул „$name“, �очещ към адре� „$url“, за "
-"път� „$displaypath“"
+"  ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: „${display_name}“ не �ъдържа подаването „${sha1_src}“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:830
+#: git-submodule.sh:866
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Submodule path '$displaypath' not initialized\n"
-"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
 msgstr ""
-"Път�т към подмодул „$displaypath“ не е инициализиран.\n"
-"Пробвайте � командата „update --init“."
+"  ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: „${display_name}“ не �ъдържа подаването „${sha1_dst}“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#: git-submodule.sh:869
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Текущата вер�и� за подмодула в „$displaypath“ лип�ва"
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgstr ""
+"  ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: „${display_name}“ не �ъдържа никое от подавани�та "
+"„${sha1_src}“ и „${sha1_dst}“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:852
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:89
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "�еу�пешно до�тав�не в път� към подмодул „$sm_path“"
+msgid "See git-${cmd}(1) for details."
+msgstr "За повече информаци� погледнете ръковод�твото на „git-${cmd}(1)“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:876
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:142
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "�еу�пешно до�тав�не в път� към подмодул „$displaypath“"
+msgid "Rebasing ($new_count/$total)"
+msgstr "Пребазиране ($new_count/$total)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:158
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Commands:\n"
+"p, pick <commit> = use commit\n"
+"r, reword <commit> = use commit, but edit the commit message\n"
+"e, edit <commit> = use commit, but stop for amending\n"
+"s, squash <commit> = use commit, but meld into previous commit\n"
+"f, fixup <commit> = like \"squash\", but discard this commit's log message\n"
+"x, exec <command> = run command (the rest of the line) using shell\n"
+"d, drop <commit> = remove commit\n"
+"l, label <label> = label current HEAD with a name\n"
+"t, reset <label> = reset HEAD to a label\n"
+"m, merge [-C <commit> | -c <commit>] <label> [# <oneline>]\n"
+".       create a merge commit using the original merge commit's\n"
+".       message (or the oneline, if no original merge commit was\n"
+".       specified). Use -c <commit> to reword the commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Команди:\n"
+" p, pick — прилагане на подаването\n"
+" r, reword — прилагане на подаването, но �м�на на �ъобщението му\n"
+" e, edit — прилагане на подаването и �пиране при него за още промени\n"
+" s, squash — вкарване на подаването в предходното му\n"
+" f, fixup —  вкарване на подаването в предходното му, без �м�на на "
+"�ъобщението\n"
+" x, exec — изпълнение на команда към обвивката: о�таналата ча�т на реда\n"
+" d, drop — пре�качане на подаването\n"
+" l, label ЕТИКЕТ — задаване на етикет на указаното от HEAD\n"
+" t, reset ЕТИКЕТ — занул�в�не на HEAD към ЕТИКЕТа\n"
+" m, merge [-C ПОД�В��Е | -c ПОД�В��Е] ЕТИКЕТ [# ЕДИ�_РЕД]\n"
+"        �ъздаване на подаване �ъ� �ливане �ъ� �ъобщението от първоначалното\n"
+"        подаване (или �ъобщението от ЕДИ�_РЕД,  ако не е зададено подаване\n"
+"        �ъ� �ливане.  С опци�та „-c ПОД�В��Е“, може да �мените �ъобщението.\n"
+"\n"
+"Може да промен�те по�ледователно�тта на редовете — те �е изпълн�ват\n"
+"по�ледователно отгоре-надолу.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:179
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Do not remove any line. Use 'drop' explicitly to remove a commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"�е изтривайте редове.  Подавани�та могат да �е пре�качат � командата "
+"„drop“.\n"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:890
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:183
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"�ко изтриете ред, �ъответ�тващото му подаване ще бъде ИЗТРИТО.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:221
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid ""
+"You can amend the commit now, with\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Once you are satisfied with your changes, run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 msgstr ""
-"�еу�пешно изтегл�не на вер�и� „$sha1“ в път� към подмодул „$displaypath“'"
+"Може да промените подаването � командата:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"След като привършите, продължете � командата:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --continue"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:891
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:246
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': checked out '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Път към подмодул „$displaypath“: изтеглена е вер�и� „$sha1“"
+msgid "$sha1: not a commit that can be picked"
+msgstr "$sha1: това не е подаване, което може да бъде отбрано"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:895
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:285
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Invalid commit name: $sha1"
+msgstr "�еправилно име на подаване: „$sha1“"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:325
+msgid "Cannot write current commit's replacement sha1"
 msgstr ""
-"�еу�пешно пребазиране на вер�и� „$sha1“ в път� към подмодул „$displaypath“"
+"Заме�тващата �ума по SHA1 за текущото подаване не може да бъде запазена"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:896
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:376
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': rebased into '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Път към подмодул „$displaypath“: пребазиране върху вер�и� „$sha1“"
+msgid "Fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "Превъртане до „$sha1“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:901
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:378
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "�еу�пешно �ливане на вер�и� „$sha1“ в път� към подмодул „$displaypath“"
+msgid "Cannot fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "�е може да �е превърти до „$sha1“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:902
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:387
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': merged in '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Път към подмодул „$displaypath“: �ливане � вер�и� „$sha1“"
+msgid "Cannot move HEAD to $first_parent"
+msgstr "Указател�т „HEAD“ не може да �е на�очи към „$first_parent“"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:392
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Refusing to squash a merge: $sha1"
+msgstr "Подаването не може да �е �мачка: „$sha1“"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:410
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Error redoing merge $sha1"
+msgstr "Грешка при повтар�нето на �ливането на „$sha1“"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:419
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not pick $sha1"
+msgstr "„$sha1“ не може да �е отбере."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:428
+#, sh-format
+msgid "This is the commit message #${n}:"
+msgstr "Това е �ъобщение при подаване №${n}:"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:433
+#, sh-format
+msgid "The commit message #${n} will be skipped:"
+msgstr "Съобщение при подаване №${n} ще бъде пре�кочено."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:444
+#, sh-format
+msgid "This is a combination of $count commit."
+msgid_plural "This is a combination of $count commits."
+msgstr[0] "Това е обединение от $count подаване."
+msgstr[1] "Това е обединение от $count подавани�."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:453
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot write $fixup_msg"
+msgstr "�овото �ъобщение при подаване „$fixup_msg“ не може да бъде запазено"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:456
+msgid "This is a combination of 2 commits."
+msgstr "Това е обединение от 2 подавани�"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:497 git-rebase--interactive.sh:540
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:543
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
+msgstr "�е може да �е подаде $sha1… $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:572
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not amend commit after successfully picking $sha1... $rest\n"
+"This is most likely due to an empty commit message, or the pre-commit hook\n"
+"failed. If the pre-commit hook failed, you may need to resolve the issue "
+"before\n"
+"you are able to reword the commit."
+msgstr ""
+"Подаването не може за де промени �лед у�пешното отбиране на „$sha1…“ $rest.\n"
+"�ай-веро�тните причини �а празно �ъобщение при подаване или неу�пешно "
+"изпълнение\n"
+"на куката преди подаване.  �ко имате проблем � куката, ще тр�бва да го "
+"коригирате,\n"
+"преди да можете да промените подаването."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:587
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopped at $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+msgstr "Спиране при „$sha1_abbrev…“ $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:602
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot '$squash_style' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "Без предходно подаване не може да �е изпълни „$squash_style“"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:644
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Executing: $rest"
+msgstr "В момента �е изпълн�ва: $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:652
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Execution failed: $rest"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно изпълнение: $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:654
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree"
+msgstr "и промени индек�а и/или работното дърво"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:656
+msgid ""
+"You can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"Може да коригирате проблема, �лед което изпълнете:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --continue"
 
-# FIXME spaces
-#: git-submodule.sh:907
+#. TRANSLATORS: after these lines is a command to be issued by the user
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:669
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule  path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+"Execution succeeded: $rest\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 msgstr ""
-"�еу�пешно изпълнение на командата „$command $sha1“ в път� към подмодул "
-"„$prefix$sm_path“"
+"У�пешно изпълнение: $rest\n"
+"О�тават още промени в индек�а или работното дърво.\n"
+"Тр�бва да ги подадете или �катаете и �лед това изпълнете:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --continue"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:908
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:680
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': '$command $sha1'"
-msgstr "Път към подмодул „$prefix$sm_path“: „$command $sha1“"
+msgid "Unknown command: $command $sha1 $rest"
+msgstr "�епозната команда: $command $sha1 $rest"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:938
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:681
+msgid "Please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "Коригирайте това чрез „git rebase --edit-todo“."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:716
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Successfully rebased and updated $head_name."
+msgstr "У�пешно пребазиране и обнов�ване на „$head_name“."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:740
+msgid "could not detach HEAD"
+msgstr "указател�т „HEAD“ не може да �е отдели"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:778
+msgid "Could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "Указател�т „CHERRY_PICK_HEAD“ не може да бъде изтрит"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:783
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You have staged changes in your working tree.\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be\n"
+"squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"В индек�а има промени.  �ко и�кате да ги вкарате в\n"
+"предишното подаване, изпълнете:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"�ко и�кате да �ъздадете ново подаване, изпълнете:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"И в двата �луча� �лед като привършите, продължете � командата:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:800
+msgid "Error trying to find the author identity to amend commit"
+msgstr "�е може да бъде открит автор за поправ�нето на подаването"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:805
+msgid ""
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
 msgstr ""
-"�еу�пешна обработка на поддиректориите в път� към подмодул „$displaypath“"
+"В работното дърво има неподадени промени.  Първо ги подайте, а �лед това\n"
+"отново изпълнете „git rebase --continue“."
 
-# FIXME message
-#: git-submodule.sh:1046
-msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
-msgstr "Опциите „--cached“ и „--files“ �а не�ъвме�тими"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:810 git-rebase--interactive.sh:814
+msgid "Could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "Промените в индек�а не могат да бъдат подадени."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:843
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.\n"
+"To continue rebase after editing, run:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"В момента редактирате файла � командите на текущото интерактивно "
+"пребазиране.\n"
+"За да продължите пребазирането �лед това, изпълнете:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:851 git-rebase--interactive.sh:937
+msgid "Could not execute editor"
+msgstr "Тек�тови�т редактор не може да бъде �тартиран"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1098
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:872
 #, sh-format
-msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
-msgstr "неочакван режим „$mod_dst“"
+msgid "Could not checkout $switch_to"
+msgstr "„$switch_to“ не може да �е изтегли"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:879
+msgid "No HEAD?"
+msgstr "Лип�ва указател „HEAD“"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1118
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:880
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
-msgstr "  ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: „$display_name“ не �ъдържа подаването „$sha1_src“"
+msgid "Could not create temporary $state_dir"
+msgstr "Временната директори� „$state_dir“ не може да бъде �ъздадена"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1121
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:883
+msgid "Could not mark as interactive"
+msgstr "Пребазирането не е интерактивно"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:915
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
-msgstr "  ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: „$display_name“ не �ъдържа подаването „$sha1_dst“"
+msgid "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount command)"
+msgid_plural "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount commands)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Пребазиране на $shortrevisions върху $shortonto ($todocount команда)"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Пребазиране на $shortrevisions върху $shortonto ($todocount команди)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:920
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\tHowever, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.\n"
+"\n"
+"\t"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"    �ко изтриете в�ичко, пребазирането ще бъде преу�тановено.\n"
+"\n"
+"    "
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:927
+msgid "Note that empty commits are commented out"
+msgstr "Празните подавани� �а коментирани"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:980
+msgid "Could not generate todo list"
+msgstr "Файлът � командите не може да �е генерира"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1001 git-rebase--interactive.sh:1006
+msgid "Could not init rewritten commits"
+msgstr "Спи�ъкът � презапи�аните подавани� не може да бъде �ъздаден"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1124
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:89 git-sh-setup.sh:94
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgid "usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+msgstr "Употреба: $dashless $USAGE"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:190
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot chdir to $cdup, the toplevel of the working tree"
 msgstr ""
-"  ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: „$display_name“ не �ъдържа никое от подавани�та "
-"„$sha1_src“ и „$sha1_dst“"
+"�е може да �е премине към „$cdup“ — о�новната директори� на работното дърво."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1149
-msgid "blob"
-msgstr "обект BLOB"
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:199 git-sh-setup.sh:206
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: $program_name cannot be used without a working tree."
+msgstr ""
+"Ф�Т�Л�� ГРЕШК�: „$program_name“ не може да �е ползва без работно дърво."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:220
+msgid "Cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "�е може да пребазирате, защото има промени, които не �а в индек�а."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:223
+msgid "Cannot rewrite branches: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+"�е може да презапишете клоните, защото има промени, които не �а в индек�а."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1267
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:226
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+"�е можете да издърпвате при това пребазиране, защото има промени, които не "
+"�а в индек�а."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:229
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "�еу�пешна обработка на поддиректориите в път� към подмодул „$sm_path“"
+msgid "Cannot $action: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+"�е можете да изпълните „$action“, защото има промени, които не �а в индек�а."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:242
+msgid "Cannot rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "�е може да пребазирате, защото в индек�а има неподадени промени."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1331
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:245
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"�е можете да издърпвате при това пребазиране, защото в индек�а има "
+"неподадени промени."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:248
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Синхронизиране на адре�а за път� към подмодул „$displaypath“"
+msgid "Cannot $action: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"�е можете да изпълните „$action“, защото в индек�а има неподадени промени."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:252
+msgid "Additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "О�вен това в индек�а има неподадени промени."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:372
+msgid "You need to run this command from the toplevel of the working tree."
+msgstr ""
+"Тази команда тр�бва да �е изпълни от о�новната директори� на работното дърво"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:377
+msgid "Unable to determine absolute path of git directory"
+msgstr "�б�олютни�т път на работното дърво не може да �е определи"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: you can adjust this to align "git add -i" status menu
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:196
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%12s %12s %s"
+msgstr "%14s %14s %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "staged"
+msgstr "в индек�а"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "unstaged"
+msgstr "извън индек�а"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:253 git-add--interactive.perl:278
+msgid "binary"
+msgstr "двоично"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:262 git-add--interactive.perl:316
+msgid "nothing"
+msgstr "нищо"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:298 git-add--interactive.perl:313
+msgid "unchanged"
+msgstr "н�ма промени"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:609
+#, perl-format
+msgid "added %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "added %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d файл добавен\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d файла добавени\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:612
+#, perl-format
+msgid "updated %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "updated %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d файл обновен\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d файла обновени\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:615
+#, perl-format
+msgid "reverted %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "reverted %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d файл � отменени промени\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d файла � отменени промени\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:618
+#, perl-format
+msgid "touched %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "touched %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d файл за�егнат\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d файла за�егнати\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:627
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "Обнов�ване"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:639
+msgid "Revert"
+msgstr "Отм�на"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:662
+#, perl-format
+msgid "note: %s is untracked now.\n"
+msgstr "БЕЛЕЖК�: „%s“ вече не �е �леди.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:673
+msgid "Add untracked"
+msgstr "Добав�не на не�ледени"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:679
+msgid "No untracked files.\n"
+msgstr "��ма не�ледени файлове.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1033
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for staging."
+msgstr ""
+"�ко кръпката може да �е приложи чи�то, редактираното парче ще бъде "
+"незабавно\n"
+"добавено към индек�а"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1036
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for stashing."
+msgstr ""
+"�ко кръпката може да �е приложи чи�то, редактираното парче ще бъде "
+"незабавно\n"
+"�кътано"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1039
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for unstaging."
+msgstr ""
+"�ко кръпката може да �е приложи чи�то, редактираното парче ще бъде "
+"незабавно\n"
+"извадено от индек�а."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1042 git-add--interactive.perl:1051
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for applying."
+msgstr ""
+"�ко кръпката може да �е приложи чи�то, редактираното парче ще бъде "
+"незабавно\n"
+"набел�зано за прилагане."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1045 git-add--interactive.perl:1048
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for discarding."
+msgstr ""
+"�ко кръпката може да �е приложи чи�то, редактираното парче ще бъде "
+"незабавно\n"
+"набел�зано за занул�ване."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1085
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for writing: %s"
+msgstr "файлът за редактиране на парчето код не може да бъде отворен: „%s“"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1086
+msgid "Manual hunk edit mode -- see bottom for a quick guide.\n"
+msgstr "Ръчно редактиране на парчета код — отдолу има под�казка.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1092
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"---\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, delete them.\n"
+"Lines starting with %s will be removed.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"———\n"
+"За да пропу�нете редовете започващи � „%s“ — заменете знака �ъ� „ “ (�тават "
+"контек�т)\n"
+"За да пропу�нете редовете започващи � „%s“ — изтрийте ги.\n"
+"Редовете, които започват � „%s“ ще бъдат пропу�нати.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: 'it' refers to the patch mentioned in the previous messages.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1100
+msgid ""
+"If it does not apply cleanly, you will be given an opportunity to\n"
+"edit again.  If all lines of the hunk are removed, then the edit is\n"
+"aborted and the hunk is left unchanged.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�ко е невъзможно чи�то прилагане на кода, ще може пак да редактирате.  �ко\n"
+"изтриете в�ички редове от парчето код, то ще бъде о�тавено непроменено, а\n"
+"редактирането — отказано.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1114
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for reading: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"файлът за редактиране на парчето код не може да бъде отворен за четене: „%s“"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: do not translate [y/n]
+#. The program will only accept that input
+#. at this point.
+#. Consider translating (saying "no" discards!) as
+#. (saying "n" for "no" discards!) if the translation
+#. of the word "no" does not start with n.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1213
+msgid ""
+"Your edited hunk does not apply. Edit again (saying \"no\" discards!) [y/n]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Редактираното парче не може да �е приложи.  Да �е продължи ли � "
+"редактирането? (текущите редакции ще �е отмен�т при отказ!): „y“ (да)/ "
+"„n“ (не)? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1222
+msgid ""
+"y - stage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y — добав�не на парчето в индек�а\n"
+"n — без добав�не на парчето в индек�а\n"
+"q — изход, без добав�не на това и в�ички о�таващи парчета от файла\n"
+"a — добав�не на това и в�ички �ледващи парчета от файла в индек�а\n"
+"d — без добав�не на това и в�ички �ледващи парчета от файла в индек�а"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1228
+msgid ""
+"y - stash this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stash this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stash this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stash this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stash this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y — �катаване на парчето\n"
+"n — без �катаване на парчето\n"
+"q — изход, без �катаване на това и в�ички о�таващи парчета\n"
+"a — �катаване на това и в�ички �ледващи парчета от файла\n"
+"d — без �катаване на това и в�ички �ледващи парчета от файла"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1234
+msgid ""
+"y - unstage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not unstage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not unstage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - unstage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not unstage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y — изваждане на парчето от индек�а\n"
+"n — без изваждане на парчето от индек�а\n"
+"q — изход, без изваждане на това и в�ички о�таващи парчета от индек�а\n"
+"a — изваждане на това и в�ички �ледващи парчета от файла от индек�а\n"
+"d — без изваждане на това и в�ички �ледващи парчета от файла от индек�а"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1240
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y — прилагане на парчето към индек�а\n"
+"n — без прилагане на парчето към индек�а\n"
+"q — изход, без прилагане на това и в�ички о�таващи парчета към индек�а\n"
+"a — прилагане на това и в�ички �ледващи парчета от файла към индек�а\n"
+"d — без прилагане на това и в�ички �ледващи парчета от файла към индек�а"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1246
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y — премахване на парчето от работното дърво\n"
+"n — без премахване на парчето от работното дърво\n"
+"q — изход, без премахване на това и в�ички о�таващи парчета от работното "
+"дърво\n"
+"a — премахване на това и в�ички �ледващи парчета от файла от работното "
+"дърво\n"
+"d — без премахване на това и в�ички �ледващи парчета от файла от работното "
+"дърво"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1252
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y — премахване на парчето от индек�а и работното дърво\n"
+"n — без премахване на парчето от индек�а и работното дърво\n"
+"q — изход, без премахване на това и в�ички о�таващи парчета от индек�а и "
+"работното дърво\n"
+"a — премахване на това и в�ички �ледващи парчета от файла от индек�а и "
+"работното дърво\n"
+"d — без премахване на това и в�ички �ледващи парчета от файла от индек�а и "
+"работното дърво"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1258
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y — прилагане на парчето от индек�а и работното дърво\n"
+"n — без прилагане на парчето от индек�а и работното дърво\n"
+"q — изход, без прилагане на това и в�ички о�таващи парчета от индек�а и "
+"работното дърво\n"
+"a — прилагане на това и в�ички �ледващи парчета от файла от индек�а и "
+"работното дърво\n"
+"d — без прилагане на това и в�ички �ледващи парчета от файла от индек�а и "
+"работното дърво"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1273
+msgid ""
+"g - select a hunk to go to\n"
+"/ - search for a hunk matching the given regex\n"
+"j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk\n"
+"J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk\n"
+"k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk\n"
+"K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk\n"
+"s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks\n"
+"e - manually edit the current hunk\n"
+"? - print help\n"
+msgstr ""
+"g — избор към кое парче да �е премине\n"
+"/ — тър�ене на парче, напа�ващо към даден регул�рен израз\n"
+"j — без решение за парчето, към �ледващото парче без решение\n"
+"J — без решение за парчето, към �ледващото парче\n"
+"k — без решение за парчето, към предишното парче без решение\n"
+"K — без решение за парчето, към предишното парче\n"
+"s — раздел�не на текущото парче на по-малки\n"
+"e — ръчно редактиране на текущото парче\n"
+"? — извеждане не помощта\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1304
+msgid "The selected hunks do not apply to the index!\n"
+msgstr "Избраните парчета не могат да �е добав�т в индек�а!\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1305
+msgid "Apply them to the worktree anyway? "
+msgstr "Да �е приложат ли към работното дърво? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1308
+msgid "Nothing was applied.\n"
+msgstr "�ищо не е приложено.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1319
+#, perl-format
+msgid "ignoring unmerged: %s\n"
+msgstr "пренебрегване на не�л�тото: „%s“\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1328
+msgid "Only binary files changed.\n"
+msgstr "Само двоични файлове �а променени.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1330
+msgid "No changes.\n"
+msgstr "��ма промени.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1338
+msgid "Patch update"
+msgstr "Обнов�ване на кръпка"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1390
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Добав�не на пром�ната на правата за до�тъп [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1391
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Добав�не на изтриването [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1392
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Добав�не на това парче [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1395
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Скатаване на пром�ната на правата за до�тъп [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1396
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Скатаване на изтриването [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1397
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Скатаване на това парче [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1400
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Изваждане на пром�ната на правата за до�тъп [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1401
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Изваждане на изтриването [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1402
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Изваждане на това парче [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1405
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Прилагане на пром�ната на правата за до�тъп към индек�а [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1406
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Прилагане на изтриването към индек�а [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1407
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Прилагане на това парче към индек�а [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1410
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Премахване на пром�ната в правата за до�тъп от работното дърво [y,n,q,a,d"
+"%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1411
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Премахване на изтриването от работното дърво [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1412
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Премахване на парчето от работното дърво [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1415
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Премахване на пром�ната в правата за до�тъп от индек�а и работното дърво [y,"
+"n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1416
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Премахване на изтриването от индек�а и работното дърво [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1417
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Премахване на парчето от индек�а и работното дърво [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1420
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Прилагане на пром�ната в правата за до�тъп от индек�а и работното дърво [y,n,"
+"q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1421
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Прилагане на изтриването от индек�а и работното дърво [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1422
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Прилагане на парчето от индек�а и работното дърво [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1522
+msgid "No other hunks to goto\n"
+msgstr "��ма други парчета\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1529
+msgid "go to which hunk (<ret> to see more)? "
+msgstr "към кое парче да �е придвижи (за повече варианти нати�нете „enter“)? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1531
+msgid "go to which hunk? "
+msgstr "към кое парче да �е придвижи? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1540
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Invalid number: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "�еправилен номер: „%s“\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1545
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sorry, only %d hunk available.\n"
+msgid_plural "Sorry, only %d hunks available.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Има �амо %d парче.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Има �амо %d парчета.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1571
+msgid "No other hunks to search\n"
+msgstr "��ма други парчета за тър�ене\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1575
+msgid "search for regex? "
+msgstr "да �е тър�и � регул�рен израз? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1588
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Malformed search regexp %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "Сгрешен регул�рен израз „%s“: %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1598
+msgid "No hunk matches the given pattern\n"
+msgstr "�икое парче не напа�ва на регул�рни� израз\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1610 git-add--interactive.perl:1632
+msgid "No previous hunk\n"
+msgstr "��ма друго парче преди това\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1619 git-add--interactive.perl:1638
+msgid "No next hunk\n"
+msgstr "��ма друго парче �лед това\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1644
+msgid "Sorry, cannot split this hunk\n"
+msgstr "Това парче не може да бъде разделено\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1650
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Split into %d hunk.\n"
+msgid_plural "Split into %d hunks.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Раздел�не на %d парче.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Раздел�не на %d парчета.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1660
+msgid "Sorry, cannot edit this hunk\n"
+msgstr "Това парче не може да бъде редактирано\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1706
+msgid "Review diff"
+msgstr "Преглед на разликата"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please do not translate the command names
+#. 'status', 'update', 'revert', etc.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1725
+msgid ""
+"status        - show paths with changes\n"
+"update        - add working tree state to the staged set of changes\n"
+"revert        - revert staged set of changes back to the HEAD version\n"
+"patch         - pick hunks and update selectively\n"
+"diff          - view diff between HEAD and index\n"
+"add untracked - add contents of untracked files to the staged set of "
+"changes\n"
+msgstr ""
+"status        — извеждане на пътищата � промените\n"
+"update        — добав�не на �ъ�то�нието на работното дърво към промените в\n"
+"                индек�а\n"
+"revert        — отм�на на промените в индек�а към �ъ�то�нието �очено от "
+"„HEAD“\n"
+"patch         — избиране на парчета код и обнов�ване поединично\n"
+"diff          — извеждане на разликата между �ъ�то�нието на �оченото от "
+"„HEAD“\n"
+"                и индек�а\n"
+"add untracked — добав�не на не�ледените файлове към промените в индек�а\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1742 git-add--interactive.perl:1747
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1750 git-add--interactive.perl:1757
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1761 git-add--interactive.perl:1767
+msgid "missing --"
+msgstr "„--“ лип�ва"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1763
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unknown --patch mode: %s"
+msgstr "неизве�тна �тратеги� за прилагане на кръпка: „%s“"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1769 git-add--interactive.perl:1775
+#, perl-format
+msgid "invalid argument %s, expecting --"
+msgstr "указан е неправилен аргумент „%s“, а �е очаква „--“."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:130
+msgid "local zone differs from GMT by a non-minute interval\n"
+msgstr ""
+"разликата между ме�тни� ча�ови по�� и GMT �ъдържа дробна ча�т от минута\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:137 git-send-email.perl:143
+msgid "local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n"
+msgstr "разликата между ме�тни� ча�ови� по�� и GMT е 24 ча�а или повече\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:211 git-send-email.perl:217
+msgid "the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything"
+msgstr ""
+"тек�тови�т редактор приключи работата � грешка, в�ичко �е преу�танов�ва"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:294
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' contains an intermediate version of the email you were composing.\n"
+msgstr "„%s“ �ъдържа временна вер�и� на подготв�ното е-пи�мо.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:299
+#, perl-format
+msgid "'%s.final' contains the composed email.\n"
+msgstr "„%s.final“ �ъдържа подготвеното е-пи�мо.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:317
+msgid "--dump-aliases incompatible with other options\n"
+msgstr "опци�та „--dump-aliases“ е не�ъвме�тима � другите опции\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:383 git-send-email.perl:638
+msgid "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+msgstr "Командата „git format-patch“ не може да �е изпълни извън хранилище\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:386
+msgid ""
+"`batch-size` and `relogin` must be specified together (via command-line or "
+"configuration option)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"„batch-size“ и „relogin“ тр�бва да �е указват заедно (или чрез командни� "
+"ред, или чрез на�тройките)\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:456
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --suppress-cc field: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "�епознато поле за опци�та „--suppress-cc“: „%s“\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:485
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --confirm setting: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "�епозната �тойно�т за „--confirm“: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:513
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail alias with quotes is not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: �иноними за sendmail �ъдържащи кавички („\"“) не �е "
+"поддържат: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:515
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `:include:` not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: „:include:“ не �е поддържа: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:517
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `/file` or `|pipe` redirection not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: прена�очвани� „/file“ или „|pipe“ не �е поддържат: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:522
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail line is not recognized: %s\n"
+msgstr "ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: редът за „sendmail“ не е разпознат: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:604
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"File '%s' exists but it could also be the range of commits\n"
+"to produce patches for.  Please disambiguate by...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * Saying \"./%s\" if you mean a file; or\n"
+"    * Giving --format-patch option if you mean a range.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Файлът „%s“ �ъще�твува, но името може да означава и диапазон от подавани�,\n"
+"за който да �е �ъздадат кръпки.  Може изрично да укажете значението като:\n"
+"\n"
+"    � укажете „./%s“ за файл;\n"
+"    � използвате опци�та „--format-patch“ за диапазон.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:625
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to opendir %s: %s"
+msgstr "Директори�та „%s“ не може да �е отвори: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:649
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"fatal: %s: %s\n"
+"warning: no patches were sent\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ф�Т�Л�� ГРЕШК�: %s: %s\n"
+"ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: не �а пратени никакви кръпки\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:660
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"No patch files specified!\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"�е �а указани кръпки!\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:673
+#, perl-format
+msgid "No subject line in %s?"
+msgstr "В „%s“ лип�ва тема"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:683
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open for writing %s: %s"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е отвори за запи�: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:694
+msgid ""
+"Lines beginning in \"GIT:\" will be removed.\n"
+"Consider including an overall diffstat or table of contents\n"
+"for the patch you are writing.\n"
+"\n"
+"Clear the body content if you don't wish to send a summary.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Редовете започващи � „GIT:“ ще бъдат пре�качани.\n"
+"Добре е да включите �тати�тика на разликите или н�каква таблица на "
+"�ъдържанието\n"
+"на подготв�ната кръпка.\n"
+"\n"
+"Изтрийте в�ичко, ако не и�кате да изпратите обобщаващо пи�мо.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:718
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s: %s"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е отвори: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:735
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s.final: %s"
+msgstr "„%s.final“ не може да �е отвори: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:778
+msgid "Summary email is empty, skipping it\n"
+msgstr "Обобщаващото пи�мо е празно и �е пре�кача\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep [y/N] as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:813
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to use <%s> [y/N]? "
+msgstr "Сигурни ли �те, че и�кате да ползвате „%s“ [y/N]? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:868
+msgid ""
+"The following files are 8bit, but do not declare a Content-Transfer-"
+"Encoding.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Следните файлове �а 8 битови, но не �а � об�вена заглавна ча�т „Content-"
+"Transfer-Encoding“.\n"
 
-#~ msgid "Failed to lock ref for update"
-#~ msgstr "Указател�т не може да бъде заключен, за да бъде обновен"
+#: git-send-email.perl:873
+msgid "Which 8bit encoding should I declare [UTF-8]? "
+msgstr "Кое 8 битово кодиране �е ползва [�тандартно: UTF-8]? "
 
-#~ msgid "Failed to write ref"
-#~ msgstr "Указател�т не може да бъде запи�ан"
+#: git-send-email.perl:881
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"Refusing to send because the patch\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"has the template subject '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. Pass --force if you really "
+"want to send.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�ищо н�ма да �е прати, защото кръпката\n"
+"    %s\n"
+"в�е още е � шаблонното заглавие „*** SUBJECT HERE ***“.  Ползвайте опци�та\n"
+"„--force“, ако �те �игурни, че точно това и�кате да изпратите.\n"
 
-#~ msgid "Failed to lock HEAD during fast_forward_to"
-#~ msgstr "Указател�т „HEAD“ не може да бъде заключен при тривиално �ливане"
+#: git-send-email.perl:900
+msgid "To whom should the emails be sent (if anyone)?"
+msgstr "�а кой да �е прат�т е-пи�мата (незадължително поле)"
 
-#~ msgid "invalid commit: %s"
-#~ msgstr "неправилно подаване: %s"
+#: git-send-email.perl:918
+#, perl-format
+msgid "fatal: alias '%s' expands to itself\n"
+msgstr "Ф�Т�Л�� ГРЕШК�: „%s“ е �иноним на �ебе �и\n"
 
-#~ msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
-#~ msgstr "указател�т към върха „HEAD“ не може да бъде заключен"
+#: git-send-email.perl:930
+msgid "Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email (if any)? "
+msgstr ""
+"Идентификатор на �ъобщение „Message-ID“, което да �е използва за об�в�ването "
+"на отговор „In-Reply-To“ (незадължително поле)"
 
-#~ msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
-#~ msgstr "указател�т към върха „HEAD“ не може да бъде обновен"
+#: git-send-email.perl:988 git-send-email.perl:996
+#, perl-format
+msgid "error: unable to extract a valid address from: %s\n"
+msgstr "ГРЕШК�: не може да �е извлече адре� от „%s“\n"
 
-#~ msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
-#~ msgstr "�еправилна �тойно�т за „%s“: „%s“"
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [q] [d] [e] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1000
+msgid "What to do with this address? ([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit): "
+msgstr ""
+"Какво да �е направи � този адре�? „q“ (�пиране), „d“ (изтриване), "
+"„e“ (редактиране): "
 
-#~ msgid "cannot tell cwd"
-#~ msgstr "текущата директори� не може да бъде определена"
+#: git-send-email.perl:1317
+#, perl-format
+msgid "CA path \"%s\" does not exist"
+msgstr "Път�т към �ертификат „%s“ не �ъще�твува."
 
-#~ msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
-#~ msgstr "указател�т „%s“ не може да бъде заключен"
+#: git-send-email.perl:1400
+msgid ""
+"    The Cc list above has been expanded by additional\n"
+"    addresses found in the patch commit message. By default\n"
+"    send-email prompts before sending whenever this occurs.\n"
+"    This behavior is controlled by the sendemail.confirm\n"
+"    configuration setting.\n"
+"\n"
+"    For additional information, run 'git send-email --help'.\n"
+"    To retain the current behavior, but squelch this message,\n"
+"    run 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"    Към �пи�ъка � получателите („Cc“) �а добавени и другите\n"
+"    адре�и на е-поща, които �а упоменати в �ъобщението за\n"
+"    подаване на кръпката.  Стандартно командата „send-email“\n"
+"    пита за това преди изпращане.  Можете да премените това\n"
+"    поведение чрез на�тройката „sendemail.confirm“.\n"
+"\n"
+"    Командата „git send-email --help“ предо�тав� още\n"
+"    информаци�.  За да запазите текущото поведение и да не\n"
+"    получавате повече това �ъобщение, изпълнете:\n"
+"    „git config --global sendemail.confirm auto“.\n"
+"\n"
 
-#~ msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
-#~ msgstr "указател�т „%s“ не може да бъде обновен"
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y] [n] [e] [q] [a] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1415
+msgid "Send this email? ([y]es|[n]o|[e]dit|[q]uit|[a]ll): "
+msgstr ""
+"Изпращане на е-пи�мото? „y“ (да), „n“ (не), „e“ (редактиране), „q“ (изход), "
+"„a“ (в�ичко): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1418
+msgid "Send this email reply required"
+msgstr "Изи�кване на отговор към това е-пи�мо"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1446
+msgid "The required SMTP server is not properly defined."
+msgstr "Сървърът за SMTP не е на�троен правилно."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1493
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Server does not support STARTTLS! %s"
+msgstr "Сървърът не поддържа „STARTTLS“! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1498 git-send-email.perl:1502
+#, perl-format
+msgid "STARTTLS failed! %s"
+msgstr "�еу�пешно изпълнение на STARTTLS! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1512
+msgid "Unable to initialize SMTP properly. Check config and use --smtp-debug."
+msgstr ""
+"Под�и�темата за SMTP не може да �е инициализира.  Проверете на�тройките и "
+"използвайте опци�та: „--smtp-debug“."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1530
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to send %s\n"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да бъде изпратен\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Dry-Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "Проба за изпращане на „%s“\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "Изпращане на „%s“\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1535
+msgid "Dry-OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "У�пех при пробата.  От журнала:\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1535
+msgid "OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "У�пех.  От журнала:\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1547
+msgid "Result: "
+msgstr "Резултат: "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1550
+msgid "Result: OK\n"
+msgstr "Резултат: у�пех\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1568
+#, perl-format
+msgid "can't open file %s"
+msgstr "файлът „%s“ не може да бъде отворен"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1615 git-send-email.perl:1635
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) Добав�не на „�к: %s“ от ред „%s“\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1621
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding to: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) Добав�не на „до: %s“ от ред „%s“\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1674
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(не-mbox) Добав�не на „�к: %s“ от ред „%s“\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1699
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(body) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(т�ло) Добав�не на „�к: %s“ от ред „%s“\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1817
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Could not execute '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) �е може да бъде �е изпълни „%s“"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1824
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Adding %s: %s from: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(%s) Добав�не на „%s: %s“ от: „%s“\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1828
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) failed to close pipe to '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) програмни�т канал не може да �е затвори за изпълнението на „%s“"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1855
+msgid "cannot send message as 7bit"
+msgstr "�ъобщението не може да �е изпрати чрез 7 битови знаци"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1863
+msgid "invalid transfer encoding"
+msgstr "неправилно кодиране за прено�"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1901 git-send-email.perl:1952 git-send-email.perl:1962
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unable to open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "„%s“ не може да �е отвори: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1904
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%s: patch contains a line longer than 998 characters"
+msgstr "„%s“: кръпката �ъдържа ред � над 988 знака"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1920
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Skipping %s with backup suffix '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "„%s“ �е пропу�ка, защото е � разширение за архивен файл: „%s“.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep "[y|N]" as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1924
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Do you really want to send %s? [y|N]: "
+msgstr "�аи�тина ли и�кате да изпратите „%s“? [y|N]: "
diff --git a/po/ca.po b/po/ca.po
index a649508b12..495a626064 100644
--- a/po/ca.po
+++ b/po/ca.po
@@ -1,29 +1,94 @@
 # Catalan translations for Git.
-# Copyright (C) 2014 Alex Henrie <alexhenrie24@gmail.com>
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
-# Alex Henrie <alexhenrie24@gmail.com>, 2014.
+# Alex Henrie <alexhenrie24@gmail.com>, 2014-2016.
+# Jordi Mas i Hernàndez <jmas@softcatala.org>, 2016-2018
 #
+# Terminologia i criteris utilitzats
+#
+#   Anglès           |  Català
+#   -----------------+---------------------------------
+#   ahead            |  davant per
+#   amend            |  esmenar
+#   broken           |  malmès
+#   delta            |  diferència
+#   deprecated       |  en desús
+#   dry              |  simulació
+#   fatal            |  fatal
+#   hook             |  lligam
+#   hunk             |  tros
+#   not supported    |  no està admès
+#   repository       |  dipòsit
+#   setting          |  paràmetre
+#   skip             |  ometre
+#   squelch          |  silenciar
+#   token            |  testimoni
+#   unset            |  desassignar
+#
+# Alguns termes que són comandes específiques del git i d'àmbit molt tècnic
+# hem decidit no traduir-los per facilitar-ne la compressió a l'usuari i perquè
+# no tenen una transcendència al gran públic. Es tracta de casos similars
+# a «ping» en l'àmbit de xarxes.
+#
+# Termes que mantenim en anglès:
+#
+#
+#   Anglès           |  Català
+#   -----------------+---------------------------------
+#   blame            |  «blame»
+#   HEAD             |  HEAD (f, la branca)
+#   cherry pick      |  «cherry pick»
+#   rebase           |  «rebase»
+#   stage            |  «stage»
+#   stash            |  «stash»
+#   squash           |  «squash»
+#   trailer          |  «trailer»
+#   unstage          |  «unstage»
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: Git\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-01-18 11:24+0800\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-01-30 15:01-0700\n"
-"Last-Translator: Alex Henrie <alexhenrie24@gmail.com>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-03-16 07:29+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-03-29 15:32+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Jordi Mas <jmas@softcatala.org>\n"
 "Language-Team: Catalan\n"
 "Language: ca\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
-"X-Generator: Poedit 1.7.3\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 2.0.4\n"
 
-#: advice.c:55
+#: advice.c:62
 #, c-format
 msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
 msgstr "pista: %.*s\n"
 
-#: advice.c:88
+#: advice.c:90
+msgid "Cherry-picking is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Fer «cherry pick» no és possible perquè teniu fitxers sense fusionar."
+
+#: advice.c:92
+msgid "Committing is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Cometre no és possible perquè teniu fitxers sense fusionar."
+
+#: advice.c:94
+msgid "Merging is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Fusionar no és possible perquè teniu fitxers sense fusionar."
+
+#: advice.c:96
+msgid "Pulling is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Baixar no és possible perquè teniu fitxers sense fusionar."
+
+#: advice.c:98
+msgid "Reverting is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Revertir no és possible perquè teniu fitxers sense fusionar."
+
+#: advice.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid "It is not possible to %s because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "No és possible %s perquè teniu fitxers sense fusionar."
+
+#: advice.c:108
 msgid ""
 "Fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
 "as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
@@ -32,98 +97,812 @@ msgstr ""
 "'git add/rm <fitxer>' segons sigui apropiat per a marcar la\n"
 "resolució i feu una comissió."
 
-#: archive.c:11
-msgid "git archive [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
-msgstr "git archive [opcions] <arbre> [<camí>...]"
+#: advice.c:116
+msgid "Exiting because of an unresolved conflict."
+msgstr "S'està sortint a causa d'un conflicte no resolt."
+
+#: advice.c:121 builtin/merge.c:1251
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "No heu conclòs la vostra fusió (MERGE_HEAD existeix)."
+
+#: advice.c:123
+msgid "Please, commit your changes before merging."
+msgstr "Cometeu els vostres canvis abans de fusionar."
+
+#: advice.c:124
+msgid "Exiting because of unfinished merge."
+msgstr "S'està sortint a causa d'una fusió no terminada."
+
+#: advice.c:130
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Note: checking out '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental\n"
+"changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this\n"
+"state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may\n"
+"do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Avís: s'està agafant «%s».\n"
+"\n"
+"Esteu en un estat de 'HEAD separat'. Podeu mirar al voltant, fer canvis\n"
+"experimentals i cometre-los i podeu descartar qualsevol comissió que feu\n"
+"en aquest estat sense impactar cap branca realitzant un altre agafament.\n"
+"\n"
+"Si voleu crear una branca nova per a conservar les comissions que creeu,\n"
+"poder fer així (ara o més tard) usant -b de nou amb l'ordre checkout.\n"
+"Exemple:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <nom-de-branca-nova>\n"
+
+#: apply.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr "opció d'espai en blanc «%s» no reconeguda"
+
+#: apply.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr "opció ignora l'espai en blanc «%s» no reconeguda"
+
+#: apply.c:122
+msgid "--reject and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--reject i --3way no es poden usar junts."
+
+#: apply.c:124
+msgid "--cached and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--cached i --3way no es poden usar junts."
+
+#: apply.c:127
+msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+msgstr "--3way fora d'un dipòsit"
+
+#: apply.c:138
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr "--index fora d'un dipòsit"
+
+#: apply.c:141
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr "--cached fora d'un dipòsit"
+
+#: apply.c:821
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr "No es pot preparar l'expressió regular de marca de temps %s"
+
+#: apply.c:830
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr "regexec ha retornat %d per l'entrada: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:904
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut trobar el nom de fitxer en el pedaç a la línia %d"
+
+#: apply.c:942
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: git-diff incorrecte - s'esperava /dev/null, s'ha rebut %s en la "
+"línia %d"
+
+#: apply.c:948
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: git-diff incorrecte - nom de fitxer nou inconsistent en la línia "
+"%d"
+
+#: apply.c:949
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: git-diff incorrecte - nom de fitxer antic inconsistent en la "
+"línia %d"
+
+#: apply.c:954
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: git-diff incorrecte - s'esperava /dev/null en la línia %d"
+
+#: apply.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid mode on line %d: %s"
+msgstr "mode no vàlid en la línia %d: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:1301
+#, c-format
+msgid "inconsistent header lines %d and %d"
+msgstr "línies de capçalera %d i %d inconsistents"
+
+#: apply.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr "recompte: línia inesperada: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1542
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "fragment de pedaç sense capçalera a la línia %d: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1562
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"a la capçalera de git diff li manca informació de nom de fitxer en eliminar "
+"%d component de nom de camí inicial (línia %d)"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"a la capçalera de git diff li manca informació de nom de fitxer en eliminar "
+"%d components de nom de camí inicial (línia %d)"
+
+#: apply.c:1575
+#, c-format
+msgid "git diff header lacks filename information (line %d)"
+msgstr ""
+"a la capçalera de git diff li manca informació de nom de fitxer (línia %d)"
+
+#: apply.c:1763
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr "el fitxer nou depèn dels continguts antics"
+
+#: apply.c:1765
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr "el fitxer suprimit encara té continguts"
+
+#: apply.c:1799
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr "pedaç malmès a la línia %d"
+
+#: apply.c:1836
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr "el fitxer nou %s depèn dels continguts antics"
+
+#: apply.c:1838
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr "el fitxer suprimit %s encara té continguts"
+
+#: apply.c:1841
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr "** advertència: el fitxer %s queda buit però no se suprimeix"
+
+#: apply.c:1988
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "pedaç binari malmès a la línia %d: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:2025
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr "pedaç binari no reconegut a la línia %d"
+
+#: apply.c:2185
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr "pedaç amb només escombraries a la línia %d"
+
+#: apply.c:2271
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir l'enllaç simbòlic %s"
+
+#: apply.c:2275
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut obrir o llegir %s"
+
+#: apply.c:2934
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr "inici de línia no vàlid: '%c'"
+
+#: apply.c:3055
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] "El tros #%d ha tingut èxit a %d (desplaçament d'%d línia)."
+msgstr[1] "El tros #%d ha tingut èxit a %d (desplaçament de %d línies)."
+
+#: apply.c:3067
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr "El context s'ha reduït a (%ld/%ld) per a aplicar el fragment a %d"
+
+#: apply.c:3073
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+"tot cercant:\n"
+"%.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:3095
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr "manquen les dades de pedaç binari de «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:3103
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot reverse-apply a binary patch without the reverse hunk to '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot aplicar al revés un pedaç binari sense el tros revés a «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:3149
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot apply binary patch to '%s' without full index line"
+msgstr ""
+"no es pot aplicar un pedaç binari a «%s» sense la línia d'índex completa"
+
+#: apply.c:3159
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the patch applies to '%s' (%s), which does not match the current contents."
+msgstr ""
+"el pedaç s'aplica a «%s» (%s), el qual no coincideix amb els continguts "
+"actuals."
+
+#: apply.c:3167
+#, c-format
+msgid "the patch applies to an empty '%s' but it is not empty"
+msgstr "el pedaç s'aplica a un «%s» buit però no és buit"
+
+#: apply.c:3185
+#, c-format
+msgid "the necessary postimage %s for '%s' cannot be read"
+msgstr "no es pot llegir la postimatge %s necessària per a «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:3198
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr "el pedaç binari no s'aplica a «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:3204
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr ""
+"el pedaç binari a «%s» crea un resultat incorrecte (s'esperava %s, s'ha "
+"rebut %s)"
+
+#: apply.c:3225
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr "el pedaç ha fallat: %s:%ld"
+
+#: apply.c:3347
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgstr "no es pot agafar %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3396 apply.c:3407 apply.c:3453 setup.c:277
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read %s"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en llegir %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3404
+#, c-format
+msgid "reading from '%s' beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "s'està llegint de «%s» més enllà d'un enllaç simbòlic"
+
+#: apply.c:3433 apply.c:3673
+#, c-format
+msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr "el camí %s s'ha canviat de nom / s'ha suprimit"
+
+#: apply.c:3516 apply.c:3687
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr "%s: no existeix en l'índex"
+
+#: apply.c:3525 apply.c:3695
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr "%s: no coincideix amb l'índex"
+
+#: apply.c:3560
+msgid "repository lacks the necessary blob to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+"al dipòsit li manca el blob necessari per a retrocedir a una fusió de 3 vies."
+
+#: apply.c:3563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Falling back to three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "S'està retrocedint a una fusió de 3 vies...\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3579 apply.c:3583
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read the current contents of '%s'"
+msgstr "no es poden llegir els continguts actuals de «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:3595
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fall back on three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en retrocedir a una fusió de 3 vies...\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3609
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' with conflicts.\n"
+msgstr "S'ha aplicat el pedaç a «%s» amb conflictes.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3614
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' cleanly.\n"
+msgstr "S'ha aplicat el pedaç a «%s» netament.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3640
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr "el pedaç d'eliminació deixa els continguts dels fitxers"
+
+#: apply.c:3712
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr "%s: tipus erroni"
+
+#: apply.c:3714
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr "%s és del tipus %o, s'esperava %o"
+
+#: apply.c:3864 apply.c:3866
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid path '%s'"
+msgstr "camí no vàlid: «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:3922
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr "%s: ja existeix en l'índex"
+
+#: apply.c:3925
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr "%s: ja existeix en el directori de treball"
+
+#: apply.c:3945
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr "el mode nou (%o) de %s no coincideix amb el mode antic (%o)"
+
+#: apply.c:3950
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr "el mode nou (%o) de %s no coincideix amb el mode antic (%o) de %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3970
+#, c-format
+msgid "affected file '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "el fitxer afectat «%s» és més enllà d'un enllaç simbòlic"
+
+#: apply.c:3974
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr "%s: el pedaç no s'aplica"
+
+#: apply.c:3989
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr "S'està comprovant el pedaç %s..."
+
+#: apply.c:4080
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless for submodule %s"
+msgstr "falta la informació sha1 o és inútil per al submòdul %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4087
+#, c-format
+msgid "mode change for %s, which is not in current HEAD"
+msgstr "canvi de mode per a %s, el qual no està en la HEAD actual"
+
+#: apply.c:4090
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless (%s)."
+msgstr "falta informació sha1 o és inútil (%s)."
+
+#: apply.c:4095 builtin/checkout.c:235 builtin/reset.c:140
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "make_cache_entry ha fallat per al camí «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:4099
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not add %s to temporary index"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut afegir %s a l'índex temporal"
+
+#: apply.c:4109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write temporary index to %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure l'índex temporal a %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4247
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut eliminar %s de l'índex"
+
+#: apply.c:4282
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
+msgstr "pedaç malmès per al submòdul %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4288
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut fer stat al fitxer novament creat «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:4296
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr ""
+"no s'ha pogut crear un magatzem de recolzament per al fitxer novament creat "
+"%s"
+
+#: apply.c:4302 apply.c:4446
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut afegir una entrada de cau per a %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4343
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to write to '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure a «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:4347
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr "s'està tancant el fitxer «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:4417
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure el fitxer «%s» mode %o"
+
+#: apply.c:4515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr "El pedaç %s s'ha aplicat netament."
+
+#: apply.c:4523
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr "error intern"
+
+#: apply.c:4526
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] "S'està aplicant el pedaç %%s amb %d rebuig..."
+msgstr[1] "S'està aplicant el pedaç %%s amb %d rebutjos..."
+
+#: apply.c:4537
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr "s'està truncant el nom del fitxer .rej a %.*s.rej"
+
+#: apply.c:4545 builtin/fetch.c:775 builtin/fetch.c:1025
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s"
+msgstr "no es pot obrir %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4559
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr "El tros #%d s'ha aplicat netament."
+
+#: apply.c:4563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr "S'ha rebutjat el tros #%d."
+
+#: apply.c:4673
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped patch '%s'."
+msgstr "S'ha omès el pedaç «%s»."
+
+#: apply.c:4681
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr "entrada no reconeguda"
+
+#: apply.c:4700
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr "no es pot llegir el fitxer d'índex"
+
+#: apply.c:4837
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s': %s"
+msgstr "no es pot obrir el pedaç «%s»: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4864
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] "s'ha silenciat %d error d'espai en blanc"
+msgstr[1] "s'han silenciat %d errors d'espai en blanc"
+
+#: apply.c:4870 apply.c:4885
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d línia afegeix errors d'espai en blanc."
+msgstr[1] "%d línies afegeixen errors d'espai en blanc."
+
+#: apply.c:4878
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] ""
+"S'ha aplicat %d línia després d'arreglar els errors d'espai en blanc."
+msgstr[1] ""
+"S'han aplicat %d línies després d'arreglar els errors d'espai en blanc."
+
+#: apply.c:4894 builtin/add.c:539 builtin/mv.c:298 builtin/rm.c:390
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut escriure un fitxer d'índex nou"
+
+#: apply.c:4921 apply.c:4924 builtin/am.c:2254 builtin/am.c:2257
+#: builtin/clone.c:118 builtin/fetch.c:127 builtin/pull.c:193
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:403 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1197
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1200 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1567
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1570 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1787
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "path"
+msgstr "camí"
+
+#: apply.c:4922
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "no apliquis els canvis que coincideixin amb el camí donat"
 
-#: archive.c:12
+#: apply.c:4925
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "aplica els canvis que coincideixin amb el camí donat"
+
+#: apply.c:4927 builtin/am.c:2263
+msgid "num"
+msgstr "número"
+
+#: apply.c:4928
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr ""
+"elimina <nombre> barres obliqües inicials dels camins de diferència "
+"tradicionals"
+
+#: apply.c:4931
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr "ignora afegiments fets pel pedaç"
+
+#: apply.c:4933
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr ""
+"en lloc d'aplicar el pedaç, emet les estadístiques de diferència de l'entrada"
+
+#: apply.c:4937
+msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr "mostra el nombre de línies afegides i suprimides en notació decimal"
+
+#: apply.c:4939
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr "en lloc d'aplicar el pedaç, emet un resum de l'entrada"
+
+#: apply.c:4941
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr "en lloc d'aplicar el pedaç, veges si el pedaç és aplicable"
+
+#: apply.c:4943
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr "assegura que el pedaç sigui aplicable a l'índex actual"
+
+#: apply.c:4945
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr "aplica un pedaç sense tocar l'arbre de treball"
+
+#: apply.c:4947
+msgid "accept a patch that touches outside the working area"
+msgstr "accepta un pedaç que toqui fora de l'àrea de treball"
+
+#: apply.c:4950
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr "aplica el pedaç també (useu amb --stat/--summary/--check)"
+
+#: apply.c:4952
+msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+msgstr "intenta una fusió de tres vies si el pedaç no s'aplica"
+
+#: apply.c:4954
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr "construeix un índex temporal basat en la informació d'índex incrustada"
+
+#: apply.c:4957 builtin/checkout-index.c:168 builtin/ls-files.c:515
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr "els camins se separen amb el caràcter NUL"
+
+#: apply.c:4959
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr "assegura't que almenys <n> línies de context coincideixin"
+
+#: apply.c:4960 builtin/am.c:2242 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:95
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:97 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:99
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3035
+msgid "action"
+msgstr "acció"
+
+#: apply.c:4961
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr ""
+"detecta les línies noves o modificades que tinguin errors d'espai en blanc"
+
+#: apply.c:4964 apply.c:4967
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr "ignora els canvis d'espai en blanc en cercar context"
+
+#: apply.c:4970
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr "aplica el pedaç al revés"
+
+#: apply.c:4972
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr "no esperis almenys una línia de context"
+
+#: apply.c:4974
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr "deixa els trossos rebutjats en fitxers *.rej corresponents"
+
+#: apply.c:4976
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr "permet trossos encavalcants"
+
+#: apply.c:4977 builtin/add.c:292 builtin/check-ignore.c:21
+#: builtin/commit.c:1276 builtin/count-objects.c:96 builtin/fsck.c:665
+#: builtin/log.c:1901 builtin/mv.c:123 builtin/read-tree.c:125
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr "sigues detallat"
+
+#: apply.c:4979
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr "tolera una línia nova incorrectament detectada al final del fitxer"
+
+#: apply.c:4982
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr "no confiïs en els recomptes de línia en les capçaleres dels trossos"
+
+#: apply.c:4984 builtin/am.c:2251
+msgid "root"
+msgstr "arrel"
+
+#: apply.c:4985
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr "anteposa <arrel> a tots els noms de fitxer"
+
+#: archive.c:13
+msgid "git archive [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git archive [<opcions>] <arbre> [<camí>...]"
+
+#: archive.c:14
 msgid "git archive --list"
 msgstr "git archive --list"
 
-#: archive.c:13
+#: archive.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git archive --remote <dipòsit> [--exec <ordre>] [opcions] <arbre> [<camí>...]"
+"git archive --remote <dipòsit> [--exec <ordre>] [<opcions>] <arbre> "
+"[<camí>...]"
 
-#: archive.c:14
+#: archive.c:16
 msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
 msgstr "git archive --remote <dipòsit> [--exec <ordre>] --list"
 
-#: archive.c:342 builtin/add.c:137 builtin/add.c:427 builtin/rm.c:328
+#: archive.c:351 builtin/add.c:176 builtin/add.c:515 builtin/rm.c:299
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
-msgstr "L'especificació de camí '%s' no ha coincidit amb cap fitxer"
+msgstr "l'especificació de camí «%s» no ha coincidit amb cap fitxer"
 
-#: archive.c:427
+#: archive.c:436
 msgid "fmt"
 msgstr "format"
 
-#: archive.c:427
+#: archive.c:436
 msgid "archive format"
 msgstr "format d'arxiu"
 
-#: archive.c:428 builtin/log.c:1204
+#: archive.c:437 builtin/log.c:1462
 msgid "prefix"
 msgstr "prefix"
 
-#: archive.c:429
+#: archive.c:438
 msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
 msgstr "anteposa el prefix a cada nom de camí en l'arxiu"
 
-#: archive.c:430 builtin/archive.c:88 builtin/blame.c:2517
-#: builtin/blame.c:2518 builtin/config.c:57 builtin/fast-export.c:986
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:988 builtin/grep.c:712 builtin/hash-object.c:101
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:489 builtin/ls-files.c:492 builtin/notes.c:394
-#: builtin/notes.c:557 builtin/read-tree.c:109 parse-options.h:151
+#: archive.c:439 builtin/blame.c:702 builtin/blame.c:703 builtin/config.c:62
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1005 builtin/fast-export.c:1007 builtin/grep.c:869
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103 builtin/ls-files.c:551 builtin/ls-files.c:554
+#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:568 builtin/read-tree.c:120
+#: parse-options.h:165
 msgid "file"
 msgstr "fitxer"
 
-#: archive.c:431 builtin/archive.c:89
+#: archive.c:440 builtin/archive.c:89
 msgid "write the archive to this file"
 msgstr "escriu l'arxiu a aquest fitxer"
 
-#: archive.c:433
+#: archive.c:442
 msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
 msgstr "llegeix .gitattributes en el directori de treball"
 
-#: archive.c:434
+#: archive.c:443
 msgid "report archived files on stderr"
 msgstr "informa de fitxers arxivats en stderr"
 
-#: archive.c:435
+#: archive.c:444
 msgid "store only"
-msgstr "només emmagatzemar"
+msgstr "només emmagatzema"
 
-#: archive.c:436
+#: archive.c:445
 msgid "compress faster"
-msgstr "comprimeix més ràpid"
+msgstr "comprimeix més ràpidament"
 
-#: archive.c:444
+#: archive.c:453
 msgid "compress better"
 msgstr "comprimeix millor"
 
-#: archive.c:447
+#: archive.c:456
 msgid "list supported archive formats"
-msgstr "allista els formats d'arxiu admesos"
+msgstr "llista els formats d'arxiu admesos"
 
-#: archive.c:449 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:86
+#: archive.c:458 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:108 builtin/clone.c:111
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1209 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1576
 msgid "repo"
 msgstr "dipòsit"
 
-#: archive.c:450 builtin/archive.c:91
+#: archive.c:459 builtin/archive.c:91
 msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
 msgstr "recupera l'arxiu del dipòsit remot <dipòsit>"
 
-#: archive.c:451 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:478
+#: archive.c:460 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:489
 msgid "command"
 msgstr "ordre"
 
-#: archive.c:452 builtin/archive.c:93
+#: archive.c:461 builtin/archive.c:93
 msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
-msgstr "camí a l'ordre git-upload-archive remot"
+msgstr "camí a l'ordre git-upload-archive remota"
+
+#: archive.c:468
+msgid "Unexpected option --remote"
+msgstr "Opció inesperada --remote"
+
+#: archive.c:470
+msgid "Option --exec can only be used together with --remote"
+msgstr "L'opció --exec només es pot usar juntament amb --remote"
+
+#: archive.c:472
+msgid "Unexpected option --output"
+msgstr "Opció inesperada --output"
 
-#: attr.c:258
+#: archive.c:494
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown archive format '%s'"
+msgstr "Format d'arxiu desconegut «%s»"
+
+#: archive.c:501
+#, c-format
+msgid "Argument not supported for format '%s': -%d"
+msgstr "Paràmetre no admès per al format «%s»: -%d"
+
+#: attr.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "%.*s is not a valid attribute name"
+msgstr "%.*s no és un nom d'atribut vàlid"
+
+#: attr.c:415
 msgid ""
 "Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
 "Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
@@ -131,90 +910,268 @@ msgstr ""
 "Els patrons negatius s'ignoren en els atributs de git\n"
 "Useu '\\!' per exclamació capdavantera literal."
 
-#: branch.c:60
+#: bisect.c:460
 #, c-format
-msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
-msgstr "No establint la branca %s com a la seva pròpia font."
+msgid "Badly quoted content in file '%s': %s"
+msgstr "Comentari amb cometes errònies en el fitxer «%s»: %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "We cannot bisect more!\n"
+msgstr "No podem bisecar més!\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:722
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid commit name %s"
+msgstr "No és un nom de comissió vàlid %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:746
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is bad.\n"
+"This means the bug has been fixed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"La base de fusió %s és errònia.\n"
+"Això vol dir que el defecte s'ha arreglat entre %s i [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:751
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is new.\n"
+"The property has changed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"La base de fusió %s és nova.\n"
+"La propietat s'ha canviat entre %s i [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:756
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is %s.\n"
+"This means the first '%s' commit is between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"La base de fusió %s és %s.\n"
+"Això vol dir que la primera comissió «%s» és entre %s i [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:764
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Some %s revs are not ancestors of the %s rev.\n"
+"git bisect cannot work properly in this case.\n"
+"Maybe you mistook %s and %s revs?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Algunes revisions %s no són els avantpassats de la revisió %s.\n"
+"git bisect no pot funcionar correctament en aquest cas.\n"
+"Potser heu confós les revisions %s i %s?\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:777
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the merge base between %s and [%s] must be skipped.\n"
+"So we cannot be sure the first %s commit is between %s and %s.\n"
+"We continue anyway."
+msgstr ""
+"s'ha d'ometre la base de fusió entre %s i [%s].\n"
+"Llavors, no podem estar segurs que la primera comissió %s sigui entre %s i "
+"%s.\n"
+"Continuem de totes maneres."
+
+#: bisect.c:810
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: a merge base must be tested\n"
+msgstr "Bisecant: s'ha de provar una base de fusió\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:850
+#, c-format
+msgid "a %s revision is needed"
+msgstr "es necessita una revisió %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:869 builtin/notes.c:175 builtin/tag.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut crear el fitxer «%s»"
+
+#: bisect.c:920
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read file '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir el fitxer «%s»"
+
+#: bisect.c:950
+msgid "reading bisect refs failed"
+msgstr "la lectura de les referències de bisecció ha fallat"
+
+#: bisect.c:969
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s was both %s and %s\n"
+msgstr "%s era ambdós %s i %s\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:977
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No testable commit found.\n"
+"Maybe you started with bad path parameters?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"No s'ha trobat cap comissió comprovable.\n"
+"Potser heu començat amb paràmetres de camí incorrectes?\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:996
+#, c-format
+msgid "(roughly %d step)"
+msgid_plural "(roughly %d steps)"
+msgstr[0] "(aproximadament %d pas)"
+msgstr[1] "(aproximadament %d passos)"
 
-#: branch.c:83
+#. TRANSLATORS: the last %s will be replaced with "(roughly %d
+#. steps)" translation.
+#.
+#: bisect.c:1002
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing."
+msgid "Bisecting: %d revision left to test after this %s\n"
+msgid_plural "Bisecting: %d revisions left to test after this %s\n"
+msgstr[0] "Bisecant: manca %d revisió a provar després d'aquesta %s\n"
+msgstr[1] "Bisecant: manquen %d revisions a provar després d'aquesta %s\n"
+
+#: blame.c:1758
+msgid "--contents and --reverse do not blend well."
+msgstr "--contents i --reverse no funcionen bé juntes."
+
+#: blame.c:1769
+msgid "cannot use --contents with final commit object name"
+msgstr "no es pot usar --contents amb el nom d'objecte de la comissió final"
+
+#: blame.c:1789
+msgid "--reverse and --first-parent together require specified latest commit"
+msgstr ""
+"--reverse i --first-parent-together requereixen una última comissió "
+"especificada"
+
+#: blame.c:1798 bundle.c:160 ref-filter.c:1978 sequencer.c:1699
+#: sequencer.c:2901 builtin/commit.c:976 builtin/log.c:366 builtin/log.c:920
+#: builtin/log.c:1371 builtin/log.c:1702 builtin/log.c:1950 builtin/merge.c:370
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:191
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr "la configuració del passeig per revisions ha fallat"
+
+#: blame.c:1816
+msgid ""
+"--reverse --first-parent together require range along first-parent chain"
 msgstr ""
-"La branca %s està configurada per a seguir la branca remota %s de %s per "
-"rebasar."
+"--reverse --first-parent junts requereixen un rang de la cadena de mares "
+"primeres"
+
+#: blame.c:1827
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such path %s in %s"
+msgstr "no hi ha tal camí %s en %s"
 
-#: branch.c:84
+#: blame.c:1838
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s."
-msgstr "La branca %s està configurada per a seguir la branca remota %s de %s."
+msgid "cannot read blob %s for path %s"
+msgstr "no es pot llegir el blob %s per al camí %s"
 
-#: branch.c:88
+#: branch.c:53
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing."
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"After fixing the error cause you may try to fix up\n"
+"the remote tracking information by invoking\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
 msgstr ""
-"La branca %s està configurada per a seguir la branca local %s per rebasar."
+"\n"
+"Després de corregir la causa de l'error, podeu\n"
+"intentar corregir la informació de seguiment remot\n"
+"invocant \"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
 
-#: branch.c:89
+#: branch.c:67
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s."
-msgstr "La branca %s està configurada per a seguir la branca local %s."
+msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
+msgstr "No s'està establint la branca %s com a la seva pròpia font."
+
+#: branch.c:93
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"La branca «%s» està configurada per a seguir la branca remota «%s» de «%s» "
+"fent «rebase»."
 
 #: branch.c:94
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s'."
 msgstr ""
-"La branca %s està configurada per a seguir la referència remota %s per "
-"rebasar."
+"La branca «%s» està configurada per a seguir la branca remota «%s» de «%s»."
 
-#: branch.c:95
+#: branch.c:98
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s."
-msgstr "La branca %s està configurada per a seguir la referència remota %s."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"La branca «%s» està configurada per a seguir la branca local «%s» fent "
+"«rebase»."
 
 #: branch.c:99
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s'."
+msgstr "La branca «%s» està configurada per a seguir la branca local «%s»."
+
+#: branch.c:104
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"La branca «%s» està configurada per a seguir la referència remota «%s» fent "
+"«rebase»."
+
+#: branch.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"La branca «%s» està configurada per a seguir la referència remota «%s»."
+
+#: branch.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s' by rebasing."
 msgstr ""
-"La branca %s està configurada per a seguir la referència local %s per "
-"rebasar."
+"La branca «%s» està configurada per a seguir la referència local «%s» fent "
+"«rebase»."
 
-#: branch.c:100
+#: branch.c:110
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s."
-msgstr "La branca %s està configurada per a seguir la referència local %s."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s'."
+msgstr "La branca «%s» està configurada per a seguir la referència local «%s»."
 
-#: branch.c:133
+#: branch.c:119
+msgid "Unable to write upstream branch configuration"
+msgstr "No es pot escriure la configuració de la branca font"
+
+#: branch.c:156
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"
 msgstr "No seguint: informació ambigua per a la referència %s"
 
-#: branch.c:162
+#: branch.c:189
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid branch name."
-msgstr "'%s' no és un nom de branca vàlid."
+msgstr "«%s» no és un nom de branca vàlid."
 
-#: branch.c:167
+#: branch.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
-msgstr "Una branca amb nom '%s' ja existeix."
+msgstr "Una branca amb nom «%s» ja existeix."
 
-#: branch.c:175
+#: branch.c:213
 msgid "Cannot force update the current branch."
 msgstr "No es pot actualitzar la branca actual a la força."
 
-#: branch.c:195
+#: branch.c:233
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch."
 msgstr ""
-"No es pot configurar la informació de seguiment; el punt inicial '%s' no és "
+"No es pot configurar la informació de seguiment; el punt inicial «%s» no és "
 "una branca."
 
-#: branch.c:197
+#: branch.c:235
 #, c-format
 msgid "the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist"
-msgstr "la branca font demanada '%s' no existeix"
+msgstr "la branca font demanada «%s» no existeix"
 
-#: branch.c:199
+#: branch.c:237
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
@@ -228,73 +1185,76 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Si teniu pensat basar el vostre treball en una branca\n"
 "font que ja existeix al remot, pot ser que necessiteu\n"
-"executar \"git fetch\" per a obtenir-la.\n"
+"executar «git fetch» per a obtenir-la.\n"
 "\n"
 "Si teniu pensat pujar una branca local nova que seguirà\n"
 "la seva contrapart remota, pot ser que vulgueu usar\n"
-"\"git push -u\" per a establir la configuració font\n"
+"«git push -u» per a establir la configuració font\n"
 "mentre pugeu."
 
-#: branch.c:243
+#: branch.c:280
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'."
-msgstr "No és un nom d'objecte vàlid: '%s'."
+msgstr "No és un nom d'objecte vàlid: «%s»."
 
-#: branch.c:263
+#: branch.c:300
 #, c-format
 msgid "Ambiguous object name: '%s'."
-msgstr "Nom d'objecte ambigu: '%s'."
+msgstr "Nom d'objecte ambigu: «%s»."
 
-#: branch.c:268
+#: branch.c:305
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid branch point: '%s'."
-msgstr "No és un punt de ramificació vàlid: '%s'."
+msgstr "No és un punt de ramificació vàlid: «%s»."
+
+#: branch.c:359
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "«%s» ja s'ha agafat a «%s»"
+
+#: branch.c:382
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD of working tree %s is not updated"
+msgstr "HEAD de l'arbre de treball %s no està actualitzat"
 
 #: bundle.c:34
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
-msgstr "'%s' no sembla un fitxer de farcell v2"
+msgstr "«%s» no sembla un fitxer de farcell v2"
 
-#: bundle.c:61
+#: bundle.c:62
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
 msgstr "capçalera no reconeguda: %s%s (%d)"
 
-#: bundle.c:87 builtin/commit.c:770
+#: bundle.c:88 sequencer.c:1879 sequencer.c:2337 builtin/commit.c:750
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s'"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut obrir '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut obrir «%s»"
 
 #: bundle.c:139
 msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
 msgstr "Al dipòsit li manquen aquestes comissions prerequisits:"
 
-#: bundle.c:163 sequencer.c:645 sequencer.c:1100 builtin/blame.c:2706
-#: builtin/branch.c:652 builtin/commit.c:1049 builtin/log.c:330
-#: builtin/log.c:823 builtin/log.c:1432 builtin/log.c:1669 builtin/merge.c:358
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:158
-msgid "revision walk setup failed"
-msgstr "la configuració del passeig per revisions ha fallat"
-
-#: bundle.c:185
+#: bundle.c:190
 #, c-format
 msgid "The bundle contains this ref:"
 msgid_plural "The bundle contains these %d refs:"
 msgstr[0] "El farcell conté aquesta referència:"
 msgstr[1] "El farcell conté aquestes %d referències:"
 
-#: bundle.c:192
+#: bundle.c:197
 msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
 msgstr "El farcell registra una història completa."
 
-#: bundle.c:194
+#: bundle.c:199
 #, c-format
 msgid "The bundle requires this ref:"
 msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs:"
 msgstr[0] "El farcell requereix aquesta referència:"
 msgstr[1] "El farcell requereix aquestes %d referències:"
 
-#: bundle.c:251
+#: bundle.c:258
 msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
 msgstr "No s'ha pogut executar el pack-objects"
 
@@ -302,327 +1262,790 @@ msgstr "No s'ha pogut executar el pack-objects"
 msgid "pack-objects died"
 msgstr "El pack-objects s'ha mort"
 
-#: bundle.c:309
+#: bundle.c:311
 msgid "rev-list died"
 msgstr "El rev-list s'ha mort"
 
-#: bundle.c:358
+#: bundle.c:360
 #, c-format
 msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
-msgstr "les opcions de la llista de revisions exclouen la referència '%s'"
+msgstr "les opcions de la llista de revisions exclouen la referència «%s»"
 
-#: bundle.c:438 builtin/log.c:153 builtin/log.c:1342 builtin/shortlog.c:261
+#: bundle.c:450 builtin/log.c:183 builtin/log.c:1607 builtin/shortlog.c:296
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
 msgstr "paràmetre no reconegut: %s"
 
-#: bundle.c:444
+#: bundle.c:458
 msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
-msgstr "Refusant crear un farcell buit."
+msgstr "S'està refusant crear un farcell buit."
 
-#: bundle.c:454
+#: bundle.c:470
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot create '%s'"
-msgstr "no es pot crear '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot crear «%s»"
 
-#: bundle.c:475
+#: bundle.c:498
 msgid "index-pack died"
 msgstr "L'index-pack s'ha mort"
 
-#: color.c:259
+#: color.c:296
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid color value: %.*s"
 msgstr "valor de color no vàlid: %.*s"
 
-#: commit.c:40
+#: commit.c:41 sequencer.c:2141 builtin/am.c:421 builtin/am.c:465
+#: builtin/am.c:1436 builtin/am.c:2072
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not parse %s"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar %s"
 
-#: commit.c:42
+#: commit.c:43
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
 msgstr "%s %s no és una comissió!"
 
-#: compat/obstack.c:406 compat/obstack.c:408
+#: commit.c:1506
+msgid ""
+"Warning: commit message did not conform to UTF-8.\n"
+"You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
+"variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Advertència: el missatge de comissió no és compatible amb UTF-8.\n"
+"Potser voleu esmenar-lo després de corregir el missatge, o establir\n"
+"la variable de configuració i18n.commitencoding a la codificació que\n"
+"usi el vostre projecte.\n"
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:405 compat/obstack.c:407
 msgid "memory exhausted"
 msgstr "memòria esgotada"
 
-#: config.c:469 config.c:471
+#: config.c:186
+msgid "relative config include conditionals must come from files"
+msgstr ""
+"els condicionals d'inclusió de configuració relatius han de venir de fitxers"
+
+#: config.c:720
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad config file line %d in %s"
-msgstr "línia de fitxer de configuració dolenta %d en %s"
+msgid "bad config line %d in blob %s"
+msgstr "línia de configuració %d errònia en el blob %s"
 
-#: config.c:587
+#: config.c:724
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
-msgstr "valor de configuració numèrica dolent '%s' per '%s' en %s: %s"
+msgid "bad config line %d in file %s"
+msgstr "línia de configuració %d errònia en el fitxer %s"
+
+#: config.c:728
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in standard input"
+msgstr "línia de configuració %d errònia en l'entrada estàndard"
+
+#: config.c:732
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in submodule-blob %s"
+msgstr "línia de configuració %d errònia en el blob de submòdul %s"
 
-#: config.c:589
+#: config.c:736
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in command line %s"
+msgstr "línia de configuració %d errònia en la línia d'ordres %s"
+
+#: config.c:740
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in %s"
+msgstr "línia de configuració %d errònia en %s"
+
+#: config.c:868
+msgid "out of range"
+msgstr "fora de rang"
+
+#: config.c:868
+msgid "invalid unit"
+msgstr "unitat no vàlida"
+
+#: config.c:874
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': %s"
-msgstr "valor de configuració numèrica dolent '%s' per '%s': %s"
+msgstr "valor de configuració numèric erroni «%s» per «%s»: %s"
+
+#: config.c:879
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in blob %s: %s"
+msgstr "valor de configuració numèric erroni «%s» per «%s» en el blob %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:882
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in file %s: %s"
+msgstr "valor de configuració numèric «%s» erroni per «%s» en el fitxer %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:885
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in standard input: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"valor de configuració numèric «%s» erroni per «%s» en l'entrada estàndard: %s"
+
+#: config.c:888
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in submodule-blob %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"valor de configuració numèric «%s» erroni' per «%s» en el blob de submòdul "
+"%s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:891
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in command line %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"valor de configuració numèric «%s» erroni per «%s» en la línia d'ordres %s: "
+"%s"
+
+#: config.c:894
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
+msgstr "valor de configuració numèric incorrecte «%s» per «%s» en %s: %s"
 
-#: config.c:674
+#: config.c:989
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to expand user dir in: '%s'"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en expandir el directori d'usuari en '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en expandir el directori d'usuari en: «%s»"
+
+#: config.c:998
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
+msgstr "«%s» per a «%s» no és una marca de temps vàlida"
 
-#: config.c:752 config.c:763
+#: config.c:1094 config.c:1105
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad zlib compression level %d"
-msgstr "nivell de compressió de zlib dolent %d"
+msgstr "nivell de compressió de zlib incorrecte %d"
 
-#: config.c:885
+#: config.c:1225
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid mode for object creation: %s"
 msgstr "mode de creació d'objecte no vàlid: %s"
 
-#: config.c:1211
+#: config.c:1386
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack compression level %d"
+msgstr "nivell de compressió de paquet %d Erroni"
+
+#: config.c:1582
 msgid "unable to parse command-line config"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar la configuració de la línia d'ordres"
 
-#: config.c:1272
-msgid "unknown error occured while reading the configuration files"
-msgstr "ha ocorregut un error desconegut en llegir els fitxers de configuració"
+#: config.c:1914
+msgid "unknown error occurred while reading the configuration files"
+msgstr "un error desconegut ha ocorregut en llegir els fitxers de configuració"
+
+#: config.c:2101
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "%s no vàlid: «%s»"
 
-#: config.c:1596
+#: config.c:2144
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown core.untrackedCache value '%s'; using 'keep' default value"
+msgstr ""
+"valor «%s» a core.untrackedCache desconegut; utilitzant el valor per defecte "
+"«keep»"
+
+#: config.c:2170
+#, c-format
+msgid "splitIndex.maxPercentChange value '%d' should be between 0 and 100"
+msgstr "valor «%d» a splitIndex.maxPercentChange ha d'estar entre 0 i 100"
+
+#: config.c:2195
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse '%s' from command-line config"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar '%s' de la configuració de la línia d'ordres"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar «%s» de la configuració de la línia d'ordres"
 
-#: config.c:1598
+#: config.c:2197
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad config variable '%s' in file '%s' at line %d"
-msgstr "variable de configuració dolenta '%s' en el fitxer '%s' a la línia %d"
+msgstr "variable de configuració «%s» errònia en el fitxer «%s» a la línia %d"
 
-#: config.c:1657
+#: config.c:2256
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s has multiple values"
 msgstr "%s té múltiples valors"
 
-#: connected.c:69
+#: config.c:2599 config.c:2816
+#, c-format
+msgid "fstat on %s failed"
+msgstr "ha fallat fstat a %s"
+
+#: config.c:2706
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not set '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut establir «%s» a «%s»"
+
+#: config.c:2708 builtin/remote.c:776
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not unset '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut desassignar «%s»"
+
+#: connect.c:52
+msgid "The remote end hung up upon initial contact"
+msgstr "El costat remot ha penjat en el moment de contacte inicial"
+
+#: connect.c:54
+msgid ""
+"Could not read from remote repository.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please make sure you have the correct access rights\n"
+"and the repository exists."
+msgstr ""
+"No s'ha pogut llegir del dipòsit remot.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assegureu-vos que tingueu els permisos\n"
+"d'accés correctes i que el dipòsit existeixi."
+
+#: connected.c:66 builtin/fsck.c:198 builtin/prune.c:144
+msgid "Checking connectivity"
+msgstr "S'està comprovant la connectivitat"
+
+#: connected.c:78
 msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
 msgstr "No s'ha pogut executar 'git rev-list'"
 
-#: connected.c:89
+#: connected.c:98
+msgid "failed write to rev-list"
+msgstr "escriptura fallada al rev-list"
+
+#: connected.c:105
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en tancar l'stdin del rev-list"
+
+#: convert.c:205
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
-msgstr "escriptura fallada al rev-list: %s"
+msgid "CRLF would be replaced by LF in %s."
+msgstr "LF reemplaçaria CRLF en %s."
 
-#: connected.c:97
+#: convert.c:207
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en tancar l'stdin del rev-list: %s"
+msgid ""
+"CRLF will be replaced by LF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"LF reemplaçarà CRLF en %s.\n"
+"El fitxer tindrà els seus terminadors de línia originals en el vostre "
+"directori de treball."
+
+#: convert.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "LF would be replaced by CRLF in %s"
+msgstr "CRLF reemplaçaria LF en %s"
+
+#: convert.c:217
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"LF will be replaced by CRLF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"CRLF reemplaçarà LF en %s.\n"
+"El fitxer tindrà els seus terminadors de línia originals en el vostre "
+"directori de treball."
 
-#: date.c:95
+#: date.c:116
 msgid "in the future"
 msgstr "en el futur"
 
-#: date.c:101
+#: date.c:122
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu second ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu seconds ago"
-msgstr[0] "fa %lu segon"
-msgstr[1] "fa %lu segons"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> second ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> seconds ago"
+msgstr[0] "fa %<PRIuMAX> segon"
+msgstr[1] "fa %<PRIuMAX> segons"
 
-#: date.c:108
+#: date.c:129
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu minute ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu minutes ago"
-msgstr[0] "fa %lu minut"
-msgstr[1] "fa %lu minuts"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> minutes ago"
+msgstr[0] "fa %<PRIuMAX> minut"
+msgstr[1] "fa %<PRIuMAX> minuts"
 
-#: date.c:115
+#: date.c:136
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu hour ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu hours ago"
-msgstr[0] "fa %lu hora"
-msgstr[1] "fa %lu hores"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> hours ago"
+msgstr[0] "fa %<PRIuMAX> hora"
+msgstr[1] "fa %<PRIuMAX> hores"
 
-#: date.c:122
+#: date.c:143
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu day ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu days ago"
-msgstr[0] "fa %lu dia"
-msgstr[1] "fa %lu dies"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> day ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> days ago"
+msgstr[0] "fa %<PRIuMAX> dia"
+msgstr[1] "fa %<PRIuMAX> dies"
 
-#: date.c:128
+#: date.c:149
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu week ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu weeks ago"
-msgstr[0] "fa %lu setmana"
-msgstr[1] "fa %lu setmanes"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> week ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> weeks ago"
+msgstr[0] "fa %<PRIuMAX> setmana"
+msgstr[1] "fa %<PRIuMAX> setmanes"
 
-#: date.c:135
+#: date.c:156
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu month ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu months ago"
-msgstr[0] "fa %lu mes"
-msgstr[1] "fa %lu mesos"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "fa %<PRIuMAX> mes"
+msgstr[1] "fa %<PRIuMAX> mesos"
 
-#: date.c:146
+#: date.c:167
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu year"
-msgid_plural "%lu years"
-msgstr[0] "%lu any"
-msgstr[1] "%lu anys"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> any"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> anys"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: "%s" is "<n> years"
-#: date.c:149
+#: date.c:170
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s, %lu month ago"
-msgid_plural "%s, %lu months ago"
-msgstr[0] "fa %s i %lu mes"
-msgstr[1] "fa %s i %lu mesos"
+msgid "%s, %<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "fa %s i %<PRIuMAX> mes"
+msgstr[1] "fa %s i %<PRIuMAX> mesos"
 
-#: date.c:154 date.c:159
+#: date.c:175 date.c:180
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu year ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
-msgstr[0] "fa %lu any"
-msgstr[1] "fa %lu anys"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years ago"
+msgstr[0] "fa %<PRIuMAX> any"
+msgstr[1] "fa %<PRIuMAX> anys"
 
 #: diffcore-order.c:24
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to read orderfile '%s'"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en llegir el fitxer d'ordres '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en llegir el fitxer d'ordres «%s»"
 
-#: diffcore-rename.c:516
+#: diffcore-rename.c:535
 msgid "Performing inexact rename detection"
-msgstr "Realitzant detecció inexacta de canvis de nom"
+msgstr "S'està realitzant una detecció inexacta de canvis de nom"
 
-#: diff.c:114
+#: diff.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' requires a value"
+msgstr "l'opció «%s» requereix un valor"
+
+#: diff.c:152
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
-msgstr "  S'ha fallat en analitzar el percentatge limitant de dirstat '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"  S'ha produït un error en analitzar el percentatge limitant de dirstat "
+"«%s»\n"
 
-#: diff.c:119
+#: diff.c:157
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
-msgstr "  Paràmetre de dirstat desconegut '%s'\n"
+msgstr "  Paràmetre de dirstat desconegut «%s»\n"
+
+#: diff.c:281
+msgid ""
+"color moved setting must be one of 'no', 'default', 'zebra', 'dimmed_zebra', "
+"'plain'"
+msgstr ""
+"el paràmetre de color en moviment ha de ser «no», «default», «zebra», "
+"«dimmed_zebra» o «plain»"
 
-#: diff.c:214
+#: diff.c:341
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
-"Valor desconegut de la variable de configuració de 'diff.submodule': '%s'"
+"Valor desconegut de la variable de configuració de 'diff.submodule': «%s»"
 
-#: diff.c:266
+#: diff.c:401
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
 "%s"
 msgstr ""
-"Errors trobats en la variable de configuració 'diff.dirstat':\n"
+"S'han trobat errors en la variable de configuració 'diff.dirstat':\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:2957
+#: diff.c:3822
 #, c-format
 msgid "external diff died, stopping at %s"
-msgstr "El diff external s'ha mort, aturant a %s"
+msgstr "el diff external s'ha mort, s'està aturant a %s"
+
+#: diff.c:4146
+msgid "--name-only, --name-status, --check and -s are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "--name-only, --name-status, --check i -s són mútuament excloents"
+
+#: diff.c:4149
+msgid "-G, -S and --find-object are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-G, -S and --find-object són mútuament excloents"
 
-#: diff.c:3352
+#: diff.c:4237
 msgid "--follow requires exactly one pathspec"
 msgstr "--follow requereix exactament una especificació de camí"
 
-#: diff.c:3515
+#: diff.c:4403
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
 "%s"
 msgstr ""
-"S'ha fallat en analitzar el paràmetre d'opció de --dirstat/-X:\n"
+"S'ha produït un error en analitzar el paràmetre d'opció de --dirstat/-X:\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:3529
+#: diff.c:4417
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en analitzar el paràmetre d'opció de --submodule: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"S'ha produït un error en analitzar el paràmetre d'opció de --submodule: «%s»"
+
+#: diff.c:5493
+msgid "inexact rename detection was skipped due to too many files."
+msgstr "s'ha omès la detecció de canvi de nom a causa de massa fitxers."
+
+#: diff.c:5496
+msgid "only found copies from modified paths due to too many files."
+msgstr ""
+"només s'han trobat còpies des de camins modificats a causa de massa fitxers."
+
+#: diff.c:5499
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you may want to set your %s variable to at least %d and retry the command."
+msgstr ""
+"potser voleu establir la vostra variable %s a almenys %d i tornar a intentar "
+"l'ordre."
+
+#: dir.c:1866
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open directory '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut obrir el directori «%s»"
+
+#: dir.c:2108
+msgid "failed to get kernel name and information"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en obtenir el nombre i la informació del nucli"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:129 gpg-interface.c:200
-msgid "could not run gpg."
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut executar el gpg."
+#: dir.c:2232
+msgid "Untracked cache is disabled on this system or location."
+msgstr ""
+"La memòria cau no seguida està inhabilitada en aquest sistema o ubicació."
+
+#: dir.c:3024 dir.c:3029
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directories for %s"
+msgstr "no s'han pogut crear directoris per %s"
+
+#: dir.c:3054
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not migrate git directory from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut migrar el directori de «%s» a «%s»"
+
+#: editor.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: Waiting for your editor to close the file...%c"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: entry.c:177
+msgid "Filtering content"
+msgstr "S'està filtrant el contingut"
+
+#: entry.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat file '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut fer «stat» sobre el fitxer «%s»"
+
+#: fetch-object.c:17
+msgid "Remote with no URL"
+msgstr "Remot sense URL"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:253
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected shallow list"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: llista superficial esperada"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:265
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: s'esperava ACK/NAK, s'ha rebut un paquet de neteja"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:284 builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr "error remot: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:285
+#, c-format
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: s'esperava ACK/NAK, s'ha rebut «%s»"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:337
+msgid "--stateless-rpc requires multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "--stateless-rpc requereix multi_ack_detailed"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:428
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid shallow line: %s"
+msgstr "línia de shallow no vàlida: %s"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:141
-msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
-msgstr "El gpg no ha acceptat les dades"
+#: fetch-pack.c:434
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid unshallow line: %s"
+msgstr "línia d'unshallow no vàlida: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:436
+#, c-format
+msgid "object not found: %s"
+msgstr "objecte no trobat: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:439
+#, c-format
+msgid "error in object: %s"
+msgstr "error en objecte: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "no shallow found: %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha trobat cap shallow: %s"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:152
+#: fetch-pack.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected shallow/unshallow, got %s"
+msgstr "s'esperava shallow/unshallow, s'ha rebut %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:485
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s %d %s"
+msgstr "s'ha rebut %s %d %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit %s"
+msgstr "comissió no vàlida %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:532
+msgid "giving up"
+msgstr "s'està rendint"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:542 progress.c:229
+msgid "done"
+msgstr "fet"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:554
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s (%d) %s"
+msgstr "s'ha rebut %s (%d) %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:600
+#, c-format
+msgid "Marking %s as complete"
+msgstr "S'està marcant %s com a complet"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:788
+#, c-format
+msgid "already have %s (%s)"
+msgstr "ja es té %s (%s)"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:829
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "fetch-pack: no s'ha pogut bifurcar del desmultiplexor de banda lateral"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:837
+msgid "protocol error: bad pack header"
+msgstr "error de protocol: capçalera de paquet errònia"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:895
+#, c-format
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off %s"
+msgstr "fetch-pack: no es pot bifurcar de %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:911
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s failed"
+msgstr "%s ha fallat"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:913
+msgid "error in sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "error en desmultiplexor de banda lateral"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:940
+msgid "Server does not support shallow clients"
+msgstr "El servidor no permet clients superficials"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:944
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "El servidor accepta multi_ack_detailed"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:947
+msgid "Server supports no-done"
+msgstr "El servidor accepta no-done"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:953
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack"
+msgstr "El servidor accepta multi_ack"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:957
+msgid "Server supports side-band-64k"
+msgstr "El servidor accepta side-band-64k"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:961
+msgid "Server supports side-band"
+msgstr "El servidor accepta banda lateral"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:965
+msgid "Server supports allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "El servidor accepta allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:969
+msgid "Server supports allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "El servidor accepta allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:979
+msgid "Server supports ofs-delta"
+msgstr "El servidor accepta ofs-delta"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:985
+msgid "Server supports filter"
+msgstr "El servidor accepta filtre"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:993
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server version is %.*s"
+msgstr "La versió del servidor és %.*s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:999
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-since"
+msgstr "El servidor no admet --shallow-since"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1003
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-exclude"
+msgstr "El servidor no admet --shallow-exclude"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1005
+msgid "Server does not support --deepen"
+msgstr "El servidor no admet --deepen"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1016
+msgid "no common commits"
+msgstr "cap comissió en comú"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1028
+msgid "git fetch-pack: fetch failed."
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: l'obtenció ha fallat."
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1190
+msgid "no matching remote head"
+msgstr "no hi ha cap HEAD remot coincident"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1212
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such remote ref %s"
+msgstr "no existeix la referència remota %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1215
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server does not allow request for unadvertised object %s"
+msgstr "El servidor no permet sol·licitar objectes no anunciats %s"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:181
 msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
-msgstr "gpg ha fallat en firmar les dades"
+msgstr "gpg ha fallat en signar les dades"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:185
+#: gpg-interface.c:211
+msgid "could not create temporary file"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut crear el fitxer temporal"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:214
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create temporary file '%s': %s"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut crear el fitxer temporal '%s': %s"
+msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en escriure la signatura separada a «%s»"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:188
+#: graph.c:97
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s': %s"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en escriure la firma separada a '%s': %s"
+msgid "ignore invalid color '%.*s' in log.graphColors"
+msgstr "ignora el color no vàlid «%.*s» en log.graphColors"
 
-#: grep.c:1718
+#: grep.c:2022
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
-msgstr "'%s': no s'ha pogut llegir %s"
+msgstr "«%s»: no s'ha pogut llegir %s"
 
-#: grep.c:1735
+#: grep.c:2039 setup.c:163 builtin/clone.c:407 builtin/diff.c:81
+#: builtin/rm.c:134
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': %s"
-msgstr "'%s': %s"
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en fer stat a «%s»"
 
-#: grep.c:1746
+#: grep.c:2050
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': short read %s"
-msgstr "'%s': lectura curta %s"
+msgid "'%s': short read"
+msgstr "«%s»: lectura curta"
 
-#: help.c:207
+#: help.c:179
 #, c-format
 msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
-msgstr "ordres de git disponibles en '%s'"
+msgstr "ordres de git disponibles en «%s»"
 
-#: help.c:214
+#: help.c:186
 msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
 msgstr "ordres de git disponibles d'altres llocs en el vostre $PATH"
 
-#: help.c:230
-msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
-msgstr "Les ordres de git més freqüentment usades són:"
+#: help.c:217
+msgid "These are common Git commands used in various situations:"
+msgstr ""
+"Aquestes són ordres del Git habitualment usades en diverses situacions:"
 
-#: help.c:289
+#: help.c:281
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
 "able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
 msgstr ""
-"'%s' sembla una ordre git, però no hem pogut\n"
-"executar-la. Pot ser que git-%s estigui estropejat?"
+"«%s» sembla una ordre de git, però no hem pogut\n"
+"executar-la. Pot ser que git-%s estigui malmès?"
 
-#: help.c:346
+#: help.c:336
 msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
 msgstr "Ai. El vostre sistema no informa de cap ordre de Git."
 
+#: help.c:358
+#, c-format
+msgid "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist."
+msgstr ""
+"ADVERTÈNCIA: Heu invocat una ordre de Git amb nom «%s», la qual no existeix."
+
+#: help.c:363
+#, c-format
+msgid "Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr "El procés continuarà, pressuposant que volíeu dir «%s»."
+
 #: help.c:368
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
-"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
+msgid "Continuing in %0.1f seconds, assuming that you meant '%s'."
 msgstr ""
-"AV�S: Heu invocat una ordre de Git amb nom '%s', la qual no existeix.\n"
-"Continuant sota l'assumpció que volíeu dir '%s'"
+"El procés continuarà en %0.1f segons, pressuposant que volíeu dir «%s»."
 
-#: help.c:373
+#: help.c:376
 #, c-format
-msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
-msgstr "en %0.1f segons automàticament..."
+msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
+msgstr "git: «%s» no és una ordre de git. Vegeu 'git --help'."
 
 #: help.c:380
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar command is"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar commands are"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"\n"
+"L'ordre més similar és"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"\n"
+"Les ordres més similar són"
+
+#: help.c:395
+msgid "git version [<options>]"
+msgstr "git version [<opcions>]"
+
+#: help.c:462
 #, c-format
-msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
-msgstr "git: '%s' no és una ordre de git. Vegeu 'git --help'."
+msgid "%s: %s - %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s - %s"
 
-#: help.c:384 help.c:444
+#: help.c:466
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Did you mean this?"
@@ -636,100 +2059,178 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "\n"
 "Volíeu dir un d'aquests?"
 
-#: help.c:440
+#: ident.c:342
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"*** Please tell me who you are.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"\n"
+"to set your account's default identity.\n"
+"Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"*** Digueu-me qui sou.\n"
+"\n"
+"Executeu\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"usuari@domini.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"El vostre nom\"\n"
+"\n"
+"per a establir la identitat predeterminada del vostre compte.\n"
+"Ometeu --global per a establir la identitat només en aquest dipòsit.\n"
+
+#: ident.c:366
+msgid "no email was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr ""
+"no s'ha proporcionat cap adreça electrònica i la detecció automàtica està "
+"inhabilitada"
+
+#: ident.c:371
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: %s - %s"
-msgstr "%s: %s - %s"
+msgid "unable to auto-detect email address (got '%s')"
+msgstr ""
+"no s'ha pogut detectar automàticament una adreça electrònica vàlida (s'ha "
+"rebut «%s»)"
+
+#: ident.c:381
+msgid "no name was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr ""
+"no s'ha proporcionat cap nom i la detecció automàtica està inhabilitada"
+
+#: ident.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to auto-detect name (got '%s')"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut detectar automàticament el nom (s'ha rebut «%s»)"
 
-#: lockfile.c:283
-msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that is still open"
-msgstr "BUG: reobrir un fitxer de bloqueig que encara està obert"
+#: ident.c:395
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty ident name (for <%s>) not allowed"
+msgstr "nom d'identitat buit (per <%s>) no és permès"
+
+#: ident.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "name consists only of disallowed characters: %s"
+msgstr "el nom conté només caràcters no permesos: %s"
+
+#: ident.c:416 builtin/commit.c:582
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid date format: %s"
+msgstr "format de data no vàlid: %s"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:36
+msgid "multiple filter-specs cannot be combined"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:126
+msgid "cannot change partial clone promisor remote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lockfile.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to create '%s.lock': %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another git process seems to be running in this repository, e.g.\n"
+"an editor opened by 'git commit'. Please make sure all processes\n"
+"are terminated then try again. If it still fails, a git process\n"
+"may have crashed in this repository earlier:\n"
+"remove the file manually to continue."
+msgstr ""
+"No s'ha pogut crear '%s.lock': %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sembla que un altre procés de git s'està executant en aquest\n"
+"dipòsit, per exemple, un editor obert per 'git commit'. \n"
+"Assegureu-vos que tots els processos s'hagin terminat i\n"
+"llavors proveu de nou. Si encara falla, pot ser que un procés de\n"
+"git ha tingut un error:\n"
+"elimineu el fitxer manualment per a continuar."
 
-#: lockfile.c:285
-msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that has been committed"
-msgstr "BUG: reobrir un fitxer de bloqueig que s'ha comès"
+#: lockfile.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to create '%s.lock': %s"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut crear '%s.lock': %s"
 
-#: merge.c:41
+#: merge.c:74
 msgid "failed to read the cache"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en llegir la memòria cau"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en llegir la memòria cau"
 
-#: merge.c:94 builtin/checkout.c:374 builtin/checkout.c:580
-#: builtin/clone.c:662
+#: merge.c:134 builtin/am.c:1946 builtin/am.c:1980 builtin/checkout.c:378
+#: builtin/checkout.c:599 builtin/clone.c:759
 msgid "unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure un fitxer d'índex nou"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:189
-#, c-format
+#: merge-recursive.c:235
 msgid "(bad commit)\n"
-msgstr "(comissió dolenta)\n"
+msgstr "(comissió errònia)\n"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:209
+#: merge-recursive.c:257 merge-recursive.c:265
 #, c-format
 msgid "addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'"
-msgstr "addinfo_cache ha fallat per al camí '%s'"
+msgstr "addinfo_cache ha fallat per al camí «%s»"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:270
+#: merge-recursive.c:329
 msgid "error building trees"
 msgstr "error en construir arbres"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:688
+#: merge-recursive.c:771
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create path '%s'%s"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en crear el camí '%s' %s"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en crear el camí «%s»%s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:699
+#: merge-recursive.c:782
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"
-msgstr "Eliminant %s per a fer espai per al subdirectori\n"
+msgstr "S'està eliminant %s per a fer espai per al subdirectori\n"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:713 merge-recursive.c:734
+#: merge-recursive.c:796 merge-recursive.c:815
 msgid ": perhaps a D/F conflict?"
 msgstr ": potser un conflicte D/F?"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:724
+#: merge-recursive.c:805
 #, c-format
 msgid "refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"
-msgstr "refusant perdre el fitxer no seguit a '%s'"
+msgstr "s'està refusant perdre el fitxer no seguit a «%s»"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:764
+#: merge-recursive.c:847 builtin/cat-file.c:37
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read object %s '%s'"
-msgstr "no es pot llegir l'objecte %s '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot llegir l'objecte %s «%s»"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:766
+#: merge-recursive.c:849
 #, c-format
 msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
-msgstr "blob esperat per a %s '%s'"
+msgstr "blob esperat per a %s «%s»"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:789 builtin/clone.c:321
+#: merge-recursive.c:873
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to open '%s'"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en obrir '%s'"
+msgid "failed to open '%s': %s"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en obrir «%s»: %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:797
+#: merge-recursive.c:884
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to symlink '%s'"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en fer l'enllaç simbòlic '%s'"
+msgid "failed to symlink '%s': %s"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en fer l'enllaç simbòlic «%s»: %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:800
+#: merge-recursive.c:889
 #, c-format
 msgid "do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"
-msgstr "no es sap què fer amb %06o %s '%s'"
+msgstr "no se sap què fer amb %06o %s «%s»"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:938
+#: merge-recursive.c:1029
 msgid "Failed to execute internal merge"
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en executar la fusió interna"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en executar la fusió interna"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:942
+#: merge-recursive.c:1034
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add %s to database"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut afegir %s a la base de dades"
-
-#: merge-recursive.c:958
-msgid "unsupported object type in the tree"
-msgstr "tipus d'objecte no compatible en l'arbre"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut afegir %s a la base de dades"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1033 merge-recursive.c:1047
+#: merge-recursive.c:1146
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
@@ -738,7 +2239,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "CONFLICTE: (%s/supressió): %s suprimit en %s i %s en %s. La versió %s de %s "
 "s'ha deixat en l'arbre."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1039 merge-recursive.c:1052
+#: merge-recursive.c:1151
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree."
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLICTE: (%s/supressió): %s suprimit en %s i %s a %s en %s. La versió %s "
+"de %s s'ha deixat en l'arbre."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1158
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
@@ -747,20 +2257,29 @@ msgstr ""
 "CONFLICTE: (%s/supressió): %s suprimit en %s i %s en %s. La versió %s de %s "
 "s'ha deixat en l'arbre a %s."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1093
+#: merge-recursive.c:1163
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLICTE: (%s/supressió): %s suprimit en %s i %s a %s en %s. La versió %s "
+"de %s s'ha deixat en l'arbre a %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1197
 msgid "rename"
-msgstr "canvia de nom"
+msgstr "canvi de nom"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1093
+#: merge-recursive.c:1197
 msgid "renamed"
 msgstr "canviat de nom"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1149
+#: merge-recursive.c:1254
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"
-msgstr "%s és un directori en %s; afegint com a %s en lloc"
+msgstr "%s és un directori en %s; s'està afegint com a %s en lloc d'això"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1171
+#: merge-recursive.c:1279
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" rename \"%s"
@@ -769,354 +2288,731 @@ msgstr ""
 "CONFLICTE (canvi de nom/canvi de nom): Canvi de nom \"%s\"->\"%s\" en la "
 "branca \"%s\" canvi de nom \"%s\"->\"%s\" en \"%s\"%s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1176
+#: merge-recursive.c:1284
 msgid " (left unresolved)"
 msgstr " (deixat sense resolució)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1230
+#: merge-recursive.c:1346
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename %s->%s in %s. Rename %s->%s in %s"
 msgstr ""
 "CONFLICTE (canvi de nom/canvi de nom): Canvi de nom %s->%s en %s. Canvi de "
 "nom %s->%s en %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1260
+#: merge-recursive.c:1379
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
-msgstr "Canviant el nom de %s a %s i %s a %s en lloc d'això"
+msgstr "S'està canviant el nom de %s a %s i %s a %s en lloc d'això"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1459
+#: merge-recursive.c:1582
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. %s added in %s"
 msgstr ""
-"CONFLICTE (supressió/afegiment): Canvi de nom %s->%s en %s. %s afegit en %s"
+"CONFLICTE (canvi de nom/afegiment): Canvi de nom %s->%s en %s. %s afegit en "
+"%s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1469
+#: merge-recursive.c:1597
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding merged %s"
-msgstr "Afegint %s fusionat"
+msgstr "S'està afegint %s fusionat"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1474 merge-recursive.c:1672
+#: merge-recursive.c:1604 merge-recursive.c:1834
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding as %s instead"
-msgstr "Afegint com a %s en lloc d'això"
+msgstr "S'està afegint com a %s en lloc d'això"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1525
+#: merge-recursive.c:1661
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read object %s"
 msgstr "no es pot llegir l'objecte %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1528
+#: merge-recursive.c:1664
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s is not a blob"
-msgstr "L'objecte %s no és un blob"
+msgstr "l'objecte %s no és un blob"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1576
+#: merge-recursive.c:1733
 msgid "modify"
-msgstr "modifica"
+msgstr "modificació"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1576
+#: merge-recursive.c:1733
 msgid "modified"
 msgstr "modificat"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1586
+#: merge-recursive.c:1743
 msgid "content"
 msgstr "contingut"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1593
+#: merge-recursive.c:1750
 msgid "add/add"
 msgstr "afegiment/afegiment"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1627
+#: merge-recursive.c:1786
 #, c-format
 msgid "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"
-msgstr "%s saltat (el fusionat és igual a l'existent)"
+msgstr "S'ha omès %s (el fusionat és igual a l'existent)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1641
+#: merge-recursive.c:1800
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto-merging %s"
-msgstr "Autofusionant %s"
+msgstr "S'està autofusionant %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1645 git-submodule.sh:1150
+#: merge-recursive.c:1804 git-submodule.sh:879
 msgid "submodule"
 msgstr "submòdul"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1646
+#: merge-recursive.c:1805
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"
 msgstr "CONFLICTE (%s): Conflicte de fusió en %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1732
+#: merge-recursive.c:1899
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing %s"
-msgstr "Eliminant %s"
+msgstr "S'està eliminant %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1757
+#: merge-recursive.c:1925
 msgid "file/directory"
 msgstr "fitxer/directori"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1763
+#: merge-recursive.c:1931
 msgid "directory/file"
 msgstr "directori/fitxer"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1768
+#: merge-recursive.c:1938
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. Adding %s as %s"
 msgstr ""
-"CONFLICTE (%s): Hi ha un directori amb nom %s en %s. Afegint %s com a %s"
+"CONFLICTE (%s): Hi ha un directori amb nom %s en %s. S'està afegint %s com a "
+"%s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1778
+#: merge-recursive.c:1947
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding %s"
-msgstr "Afegint %s"
+msgstr "S'està afegint %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1795
-msgid "Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."
-msgstr "Fallat de fusió fatal; això no ha de passar."
+#: merge-recursive.c:1987
+#, c-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot merge (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "�ndex brut: no es pot fusionar (bruts: %s)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1814
-msgid "Already up-to-date!"
-msgstr "Ja al dia!"
+#: merge-recursive.c:1991
+msgid "Already up to date!"
+msgstr "Ja està al dia!"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1823
+#: merge-recursive.c:2000
 #, c-format
 msgid "merging of trees %s and %s failed"
 msgstr "la fusió dels arbres %s i %s ha fallat"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1853
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unprocessed path??? %s"
-msgstr "Camí no processat??? %s"
-
-#: merge-recursive.c:1898
+#: merge-recursive.c:2097
 msgid "Merging:"
-msgstr "Fusionant:"
+msgstr "S'està fusionant:"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1911
+#: merge-recursive.c:2110
 #, c-format
 msgid "found %u common ancestor:"
 msgid_plural "found %u common ancestors:"
-msgstr[0] "s'ha trobat %u avantpassat:"
-msgstr[1] "s'han trobat %u avantpassats:"
+msgstr[0] "s'ha trobat %u avantpassat en comú:"
+msgstr[1] "s'han trobat %u avantpassats en comú:"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1948
+#: merge-recursive.c:2149
 msgid "merge returned no commit"
 msgstr "la fusió no ha retornat cap comissió"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2005
+#: merge-recursive.c:2212
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut analitzar l'objecte '%s'"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut analitzar l'objecte «%s»"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2016 builtin/merge.c:667
+#: merge-recursive.c:2228 builtin/merge.c:657 builtin/merge.c:816
 msgid "Unable to write index."
 msgstr "No s'ha pogut escriure l'índex."
 
-#: notes-utils.c:41
+#: notes-merge.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your previous notes merge (%s exists).\n"
+"Please, use 'git notes merge --commit' or 'git notes merge --abort' to "
+"commit/abort the previous merge before you start a new notes merge."
+msgstr ""
+"No heu acabat la vostra fusió de notes prèvia (%s existeix).\n"
+"Useu «git notes merge --commit» o «git notes merge --abort» per a cometre/"
+"avortar la fusió prèvia abans de començar una fusió de notes nova."
+
+#: notes-merge.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "You have not concluded your notes merge (%s exists)."
+msgstr "No heu conclòs la vostra fusió de notes (%s existeix)."
+
+#: notes-utils.c:43
 msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
 msgstr "No es pot cometre un arbre de notes no inicialitzat / no referenciat"
 
-#: notes-utils.c:82
+#: notes-utils.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
-msgstr "Valor de notes.rewriteMode dolent: '%s'"
+msgstr "Valor de notes.rewriteMode erroni: «%s»"
 
-#: notes-utils.c:92
+#: notes-utils.c:112
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
-msgstr "Refusant reescriure les notes en %s (fora de refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "S'està refusant reescriure les notes en %s (fora de refs/notes/)"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
-#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
-#: notes-utils.c:119
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of
+#. the environment variable, the second %s is
+#. its value.
+#.
+#: notes-utils.c:142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
-msgstr "Valor dolent de %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "Valor erroni de %s: «%s»"
 
-#: object.c:241
+#: object.c:239
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse object: %s"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar l'objecte: %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:546
+#: packfile.c:561
+msgid "offset before end of packfile (broken .idx?)"
+msgstr "desplaçament abans de la fi del fitxer de paquet (.idx trencat?)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1694
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset before start of pack index for %s (corrupt index?)"
+msgstr ""
+"desplaçament abans d'inici d'índex de paquet per a %s (índex corromput?)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1698
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset beyond end of pack index for %s (truncated index?)"
+msgstr ""
+"desplaçament més enllà de la fi d'índex de paquet per a %s (índex truncat?)"
+
+#: parse-options.c:619
 msgid "..."
 msgstr "..."
 
-#: parse-options.c:564
+#: parse-options.c:638
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s"
 msgstr "ús: %s"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
-#. one in "usage: %s" translation
-#: parse-options.c:568
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation.
+#.
+#: parse-options.c:644
 #, c-format
 msgid "   or: %s"
 msgstr " o: %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:571
+#: parse-options.c:647
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %s"
 msgstr "    %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:605
+#: parse-options.c:686
 msgid "-NUM"
 msgstr "-NUM"
 
-#: pathspec.c:133
+#: parse-options-cb.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr "nom d'objecte mal format «%s»"
+
+#: path.c:891
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut fer %s escrivible pel grup"
+
+#: pathspec.c:129
+msgid "Escape character '\\' not allowed as last character in attr value"
+msgstr ""
+"El caràcter d'escapament '\\' no està permès com a últim caràcter en un "
+"valor d'un atribut"
+
+#: pathspec.c:147
+msgid "Only one 'attr:' specification is allowed."
+msgstr "Només es permet una especificació 'attr:'."
+
+#: pathspec.c:150
+msgid "attr spec must not be empty"
+msgstr "una especificació d'atribut no pot estar buida"
+
+#: pathspec.c:193
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid attribute name %s"
+msgstr "nom d'atribut no vàlid %s"
+
+#: pathspec.c:258
 msgid "global 'glob' and 'noglob' pathspec settings are incompatible"
 msgstr ""
-"els ajusts d'especificació de camí 'glob' i 'noglob' globals són "
+"els paràmetres d'especificació de camí 'glob' i 'noglob' globals són "
 "incompatibles"
 
-#: pathspec.c:143
+#: pathspec.c:265
 msgid ""
 "global 'literal' pathspec setting is incompatible with all other global "
 "pathspec settings"
 msgstr ""
-"l'ajust d'especificació de camí 'literal' global és incompatible amb tots "
-"els altres ajusts d'especificació de camí globals"
+"el paràmetre d'especificació de camí 'literal' global és incompatible amb "
+"tots els altres paràmetres d'especificació de camí globals"
 
-#: pathspec.c:177
+#: pathspec.c:305
 msgid "invalid parameter for pathspec magic 'prefix'"
 msgstr "paràmetre no vàlid per a la màgia d'especificació de camí 'prefix'"
 
-#: pathspec.c:183
+#: pathspec.c:326
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid pathspec magic '%.*s' in '%s'"
-msgstr "Màgia d'especificació de camí no vàlida '%.*s' en '%s'"
+msgstr "Màgia d'especificació de camí no vàlida '%.*s' en «%s»"
 
-#: pathspec.c:187
+#: pathspec.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing ')' at the end of pathspec magic in '%s'"
-msgstr "')' mancant al final de la màgia d'especificació de camí en '%s'"
+msgstr "')' mancant al final de la màgia d'especificació de camí en «%s»"
 
-#: pathspec.c:205
+#: pathspec.c:369
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unimplemented pathspec magic '%c' in '%s'"
-msgstr "Màgia d'especificació de camí no implementada '%c' en '%s'"
+msgstr "Màgia d'especificació de camí no implementada '%c' en «%s»"
 
-#: pathspec.c:230
+#: pathspec.c:428
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: 'literal' and 'glob' are incompatible"
 msgstr "%s: 'literal' i 'glob' són incompatibles"
 
-#: pathspec.c:241
+#: pathspec.c:441
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: '%s' is outside repository"
-msgstr "%s: '%s' és fora del dipòsit"
+msgstr "%s: «%s» és fora del dipòsit"
 
-#: pathspec.c:291
+#: pathspec.c:515
 #, c-format
-msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
-msgstr "L'especificació '%s' és en el submòdul '%.*s'"
+msgid "'%s' (mnemonic: '%c')"
+msgstr "«%s» (mnemònic: '%c')"
 
-#: pathspec.c:353
+#: pathspec.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: pathspec magic not supported by this command: %s"
 msgstr ""
-"%s: aquesta ordre no és compatible amb la màgia d'especificació de camí: %s"
+"%s: aquesta ordre no està admesa amb la màgia d'especificació de camí: %s"
 
-#: pathspec.c:432
+#: pathspec.c:592
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
-msgstr "l'especificació de camí '%s' és més enllà d'un enllaç simbòlic"
-
-#: pathspec.c:441
-msgid ""
-"There is nothing to exclude from by :(exclude) patterns.\n"
-"Perhaps you forgot to add either ':/' or '.' ?"
-msgstr ""
-"No hi ha res a excloure per patrons :(exclusió).\n"
-"Potser heu oblidat afegir o ':/' o '.' ?"
+msgstr "l'especificació de camí «%s» és més enllà d'un enllaç simbòlic"
 
-#: pretty.c:968
+#: pretty.c:962
 msgid "unable to parse --pretty format"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar el format --pretty"
 
-#: progress.c:225
-msgid "done"
-msgstr "fet"
-
-#: read-cache.c:1267
+#: read-cache.c:1473
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "index.version set, but the value is invalid.\n"
 "Using version %i"
 msgstr ""
-"index.version establert, però el valor no és vàlid.\n"
-"Usant la versió %i"
+"index.version està establerta, però el valor no és vàlid.\n"
+"S'està usant la versió %i"
 
-#: read-cache.c:1277
+#: read-cache.c:1483
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "GIT_INDEX_VERSION set, but the value is invalid.\n"
 "Using version %i"
 msgstr ""
-"GIT_INDEX_VERSION establert, però el valor no és vàlid.\n"
-"Usant la versió %i"
+"GIT_INDEX_VERSION està establerta, però el valor no és vàlid.\n"
+"S'està usant la versió %i"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2375 sequencer.c:3248 wrapper.c:658 builtin/merge.c:1049
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not close '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut tancar «%s»"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2448 sequencer.c:1900 sequencer.c:2627
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut fer stat a «%s»"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2461
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open git dir: %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut obrir el directori git: %s"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2473
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to unlink: %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut desenllaçar: %s"
+
+#: refs.c:706
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut obrir «%s» per a escriptura"
 
-#: remote.c:782
+#: refs.c:1850
+msgid "ref updates forbidden inside quarantine environment"
+msgstr "no està permès actualitzar les referències en un entorn de quarantena"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1189
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove reference %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut eliminar la referència %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1203 refs/packed-backend.c:1528
+#: refs/packed-backend.c:1538
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete reference %s: %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut suprimir la referència %s: %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1206 refs/packed-backend.c:1541
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete references: %s"
+msgstr "no s'han pogut suprimir les referències: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:35 wt-status.c:1842
+msgid "gone"
+msgstr "no hi és"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d"
+msgstr "davant per %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:37
+#, c-format
+msgid "behind %d"
+msgstr "darrere per %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:38
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d, behind %d"
+msgstr "davant per %d, darrere per %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:107
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(color:<color>)"
+msgstr "format esperat: %%(color:<color>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized color: %%(color:%s)"
+msgstr "color no reconegut: %%(color:%s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:129
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:lstrip=%s"
+msgstr "valor enter esperat pel nom de referència:lstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:rstrip=%s"
+msgstr "valor enter esperat pel nom de referència:rstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(%s) argument: %s"
+msgstr "paràmetre %%(%s) desconegut: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:184
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(body) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(body) no accepta paràmetres"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:191
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(subject) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(subject) no accepta paràmetres"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown %%(trailers) argument: %s"
+msgstr "paràmetre %%(trailers) desconegut: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:232
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected contents:lines=%s"
+msgstr "valor positiu esperat conté:lines=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(contents) argument: %s"
+msgstr "paràmetre %%(contents) no reconegut: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:247
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected objectname:short=%s"
+msgstr "valor positiu esperat nom d'objecte:curt=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(objectname) argument: %s"
+msgstr "paràmetre %%(objectname) no reconegut: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(align:<width>,<position>)"
+msgstr "format esperat: %%(align:<amplada>,<posició>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:290
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized position:%s"
+msgstr "posició no reconeguda:%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized width:%s"
+msgstr "amplada no reconeguda:%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:300
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(align) argument: %s"
+msgstr "paràmetre %%(align) no reconegut: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive width expected with the %%(align) atom"
+msgstr "amplada positiva esperada amb l'àtom %%(align)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:319
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(if) argument: %s"
+msgstr "paràmetre %%(if) no reconegut: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:409
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "nom de camp mal format: %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "nom de camp desconegut: %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:547
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(if) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "format: s'ha usat l'àtom %%(if) sense un àtom %%(then)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:607
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "format: s'ha usat l'àtom %%(then) sense un àtom %%(if)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:609
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "format: s'ha usat l'àtom %%(then) més d'un cop"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:611
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used after %%(else)"
+msgstr "format: s'ha usat l'àtom %%(then) després de %%(else)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:637
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "format: s'ha usat l'àtom %%(else) sense un àtom %%(if)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "format: s'ha usat l'àtom %%(else) sense un àtom %%(then)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:641
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "format: s'ha usat l'àtom %%(else) més d'un cop"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:654
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom used without corresponding atom"
+msgstr "format: s'ha usat l'àtom %%(end) sense l'àtom corresponent"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:709
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed format string %s"
+msgstr "cadena de format mal format %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1313
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
+msgstr "(cap branca, s'està fent «rebase» %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1316
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
+msgstr "(cap branca, bisecció començada en %s)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached at " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1324
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached at %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD separat a %s)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached from " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1331
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached from %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD separat de %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1335
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr "(cap branca)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1364
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing object %s for %s"
+msgstr "manca l'objecte %s per a %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1367
+#, c-format
+msgid "parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s"
+msgstr "parse_object_buffer ha fallat en %s per a %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1819
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr "objecte mal format a «%s»"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1886
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring ref with broken name %s"
+msgstr "s'està ignorant la referència amb nom malmès %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1891
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring broken ref %s"
+msgstr "s'està ignorant la referència trencada %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2152
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom missing"
+msgstr "format: manca l'àtom %%(end)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2246
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr "nom d'objecte %s mal format"
+
+#: remote.c:795
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot fetch both %s and %s to %s"
-msgstr "No es pot obtenir ambdós %s i %s a %s"
+msgstr "No es poden obtenir ambdós %s i %s a %s"
 
-#: remote.c:786
+#: remote.c:799
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s usually tracks %s, not %s"
 msgstr "%s generalment segueix %s, no %s"
 
-#: remote.c:790
+#: remote.c:803
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s tracks both %s and %s"
 msgstr "%s segueix ambdós %s i %s"
 
-#: remote.c:798
+#: remote.c:811
 msgid "Internal error"
 msgstr "Error intern"
 
-#: remote.c:1980
+#: remote.c:1726 remote.c:1828
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr "HEAD no assenyala cap branca"
+
+#: remote.c:1735
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr "no hi ha tal branca: «%s»"
+
+#: remote.c:1738
+#, c-format
+msgid "no upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr "cap font configurada per a la branca «%s»"
+
+#: remote.c:1744
+#, c-format
+msgid "upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "la branca font «%s» no s'emmagatzema com a branca amb seguiment remot"
+
+#: remote.c:1759
+#, c-format
+msgid "push destination '%s' on remote '%s' has no local tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+"el destí de pujada «%s» en el remot «%s» no té cap branca amb seguiment remot"
+
+#: remote.c:1771
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' has no remote for pushing"
+msgstr "la branca «%s» no té cap remot al qual pujar"
+
+#: remote.c:1782
+#, c-format
+msgid "push refspecs for '%s' do not include '%s'"
+msgstr "les especificacions de referència de «%s» no inclouen «%s»"
+
+#: remote.c:1795
+msgid "push has no destination (push.default is 'nothing')"
+msgstr "push no té destí (push.default és 'nothing')"
+
+#: remote.c:1817
+msgid "cannot resolve 'simple' push to a single destination"
+msgstr "no es pot resoldre una pujada 'simple' a un sol destí"
+
+#: remote.c:2132
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is based on '%s', but the upstream is gone.\n"
-msgstr "La vostra branca està basada en '%s', però la font no hi és.\n"
+msgstr "La vostra branca està basada en «%s», però la font no hi és.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1984
+#: remote.c:2136
 msgid "  (use \"git branch --unset-upstream\" to fixup)\n"
 msgstr "  (useu \"git branch --unset-upstream\" per a arreglar)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1987
+#: remote.c:2139
 #, c-format
-msgid "Your branch is up-to-date with '%s'.\n"
-msgstr "La vostra branca està al dia amb '%s'.\n"
+msgid "Your branch is up to date with '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "La vostra branca està al dia amb «%s».\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1991
+#: remote.c:2143
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch and '%s' refer to different commits.\n"
+msgstr "La vostra branca i «%s» es refereixen a diferents comissions.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:2146
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"%s\" for details)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:2150
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
 msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
-msgstr[0] "La vostra branca està davant de '%s' per %d comissió.\n"
-msgstr[1] "La vostra branca està davant de '%s' per %d comissions.\n"
+msgstr[0] "La vostra branca està davant de «%s» per %d comissió.\n"
+msgstr[1] "La vostra branca està davant de «%s» per %d comissions.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1997
+#: remote.c:2156
 msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
 msgstr "  (useu \"git push\" per a publicar les vostres comissions locals)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2000
+#: remote.c:2159
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgid_plural ""
 "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgstr[0] ""
-"La vostra branca està darrere de '%s' per %d comissió, i pot avançar-se "
+"La vostra branca està darrere de «%s» per %d comissió, i pot avançar-se "
 "ràpidament.\n"
 msgstr[1] ""
-"La vostra branca està darrere de '%s' per %d comissions, i pot avançar-se "
+"La vostra branca està darrere de «%s» per %d comissions, i pot avançar-se "
 "ràpidament.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2008
+#: remote.c:2167
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
 msgstr " (useu \"git pull\" per a actualitzar la vostra branca local)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2011
+#: remote.c:2170
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
@@ -1125,46 +3021,103 @@ msgid_plural ""
 "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
 "and have %d and %d different commits each, respectively.\n"
 msgstr[0] ""
-"La vostra branca i '%s' s'han divergit,\n"
+"La vostra branca i «%s» han divergit,\n"
 "i tenen %d i %d comissió distinta cada una, respectivament.\n"
 msgstr[1] ""
-"La vostra branca i '%s' s'han divergit,\n"
+"La vostra branca i «%s» han divergit,\n"
 "i tenen %d i %d comissions distintes cada una, respectivament.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2021
+#: remote.c:2180
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
 msgstr "  (useu \"git pull\" per a fusionar la branca remota a la vostra)\n"
 
-#: run-command.c:87
+#: revision.c:2277
+msgid "your current branch appears to be broken"
+msgstr "la vostra branca actual sembla malmesa"
+
+#: revision.c:2280
+#, c-format
+msgid "your current branch '%s' does not have any commits yet"
+msgstr "la branca actual «%s» encara no té cap comissió"
+
+#: revision.c:2477
+msgid "--first-parent is incompatible with --bisect"
+msgstr "--first-parent és incompatible amb --bisect"
+
+#: run-command.c:731
 msgid "open /dev/null failed"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en obrir /dev/null"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en obrir /dev/null"
 
-#: run-command.c:89
+#: run-command.c:1274
 #, c-format
-msgid "dup2(%d,%d) failed"
-msgstr "dup2(%d,%d) ha fallat"
+msgid ""
+"The '%s' hook was ignored because it's not set as executable.\n"
+"You can disable this warning with `git config advice.ignoredHook false`."
+msgstr ""
 
-#: send-pack.c:268
+#: send-pack.c:141
+msgid "unexpected flush packet while reading remote unpack status"
+msgstr ""
+"paquet de neteja no esperat quan estava llegint l'estat del desempaquetament "
+"remot"
+
+#: send-pack.c:143
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse remote unpack status: %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar l'estat del desempaquetament remot: %s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote unpack failed: %s"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en el desempaquetament remot: %s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:308
 msgid "failed to sign the push certificate"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en firmar el certificat de pujada"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en signar el certificat de pujada"
 
-#: send-pack.c:325
+#: send-pack.c:421
 msgid "the receiving end does not support --signed push"
 msgstr "el destí receptor no admet pujar --signed"
 
-#: sequencer.c:172 builtin/merge.c:782 builtin/merge.c:893 builtin/merge.c:995
-#: builtin/merge.c:1005
+#: send-pack.c:423
+msgid ""
+"not sending a push certificate since the receiving end does not support --"
+"signed push"
+msgstr ""
+"no s'està enviant una certificació de pujada perquè el destí receptor no "
+"admet pujar --signed"
+
+#: send-pack.c:435
+msgid "the receiving end does not support --atomic push"
+msgstr "el destí receptor no admet pujar --atomic"
+
+#: send-pack.c:440
+msgid "the receiving end does not support push options"
+msgstr "el destí receptor no admet opcions de pujada"
+
+#: sequencer.c:158
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut obrir '%s' per a escriptura"
+msgid "invalid commit message cleanup mode '%s'"
+msgstr "mode de neteja «%s» no vàlid en la comissió del missatge"
+
+#: sequencer.c:267
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr "revertir"
+
+#: sequencer.c:269
+msgid "cherry-pick"
+msgstr "cherry-pick"
+
+#: sequencer.c:271
+msgid "rebase -i"
+msgstr "rebase -i"
 
-#: sequencer.c:174 builtin/merge.c:344 builtin/merge.c:785 builtin/merge.c:997
-#: builtin/merge.c:1010
+#: sequencer.c:273
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut escriure al '%s'"
+msgid "Unknown action: %d"
+msgstr "Acció desconeguda: %d"
 
-#: sequencer.c:195
+#: sequencer.c:330
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
@@ -1172,7 +3125,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "després de resoldre els conflictes, marqueu els camins\n"
 "corregits amb 'git add <camins>' o 'git rm <camins>'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:198
+#: sequencer.c:333
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
@@ -1182,226 +3135,870 @@ msgstr ""
 "corregits amb 'git add <camins>' o 'git rm <camins>'\n"
 "i cometeu el resultat amb 'git commit'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:211 sequencer.c:856 sequencer.c:939
+#: sequencer.c:346 sequencer.c:2245
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to %s"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut escriure a %s"
+msgid "could not lock '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut bloquejar «%s»"
 
-#: sequencer.c:214
+#: sequencer.c:349 sequencer.c:2124 sequencer.c:2250 sequencer.c:2264
+#: sequencer.c:3246 sequencer.c:3310 wrapper.c:656
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
-msgstr "Error en finalitzar %s"
+msgid "could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure a «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write eol to '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure el terminador de línia a «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:356 sequencer.c:2128 sequencer.c:2252
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finalize '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en finalitzar «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:379 sequencer.c:1340 sequencer.c:2148 builtin/am.c:259
+#: builtin/commit.c:722 builtin/merge.c:1047
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir «%s»"
 
-#: sequencer.c:229
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
-msgstr "Els vostres canvis locals es sobreescriurien pel recull de cireres."
+#: sequencer.c:405
+#, c-format
+msgid "your local changes would be overwritten by %s."
+msgstr "els vostres canvis locals se sobreescriurien per %s."
 
-#: sequencer.c:231
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
-msgstr "Els vostres canvis locals es sobreescriurien per la reversió."
+#: sequencer.c:409
+msgid "commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr "cometeu els vostres canvis o feu un «stash» per a procedir."
 
-#: sequencer.c:234
-msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
-msgstr "Cometeu els vostres canvis o emmagatzemeu-los per a procedir."
+#: sequencer.c:438
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: fast-forward"
+msgstr "%s: avanç ràpid"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
-#: sequencer.c:321
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert", "cherry-pick" or
+#. "rebase -i".
+#.
+#: sequencer.c:526
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "%s: No s'ha pogut escriure un fitxer d'índex nou"
 
-#: sequencer.c:339
-msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut resoldre la comissió HEAD\n"
+#: sequencer.c:542
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD commit"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut resoldre la comissió HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:562
+msgid "unable to update cache tree"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut actualitzar l'arbre cau"
+
+#: sequencer.c:658
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you have staged changes in your working tree\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"teniu canvis «staged» en el vostre arbre de treball\n"
+"Si aquests canvis estan pensats per fer «squash» a la comissió prèvia, "
+"executeu:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Si són per a formar una comissió nova, executeu:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"En ambdós casos, quan hàgiu terminat, continueu amb:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:915
+msgid "'prepare-commit-msg' hook failed"
+msgstr "el lligam «prepare-commit-msg» ha fallat"
+
+#: sequencer.c:922
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
+"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
+"your configuration file:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"S'han configurat el vostre nom i adreça electrònica\n"
+"automàticament basats en el vostre nom d'usuari i nom de màquina. \n"
+"Comproveu que siguin correctes. Podeu suprimir aquest\n"
+"missatge establint-los explícitament. Executeu l'ordre següent i\n"
+"seguiu les instruccions en el vostre editor per editar el vostre\n"
+"fitxer de configuració:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"Després de fer això, podeu arreglar la identitat usada per a aquesta\n"
+"comissió amb:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:935
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"S'han configurat el vostre nom i adreça electrònica\n"
+"automàticament basats en el vostre nom d'usuari i nom de màquina. \n"
+"Comproveu que siguin correctes. Podeu suprimir aquest\n"
+"missatge establint-los explícitament:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"El Vostre Nom\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email tu@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"Després de fer això, podeu arreglar la identitat usada per a aquesta\n"
+"comissió amb:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:975
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut trobar la comissió novament creada"
+
+#: sequencer.c:977
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar la comissió novament creada"
 
-#: sequencer.c:359
-msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut actualitzar l'arbre cau\n"
+#: sequencer.c:1023
+msgid "unable to resolve HEAD after creating commit"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut resoldre HEAD després de crear la comissió"
 
-#: sequencer.c:406
+#: sequencer.c:1025
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr "HEAD separat"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1029
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr " (comissió d'arrel)"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1050
+msgid "could not parse HEAD"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1052
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut analitzar la comissió %s\n"
+msgid "HEAD %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "HEAD %s no és una comissió!"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1056 builtin/commit.c:1491
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar la comissió HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1107 sequencer.c:1673
+msgid "unable to parse commit author"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar l'autor de la comissió"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1117 builtin/am.c:1630 builtin/merge.c:643
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr "git write-tree ha fallat en escriure un arbre"
 
-#: sequencer.c:411
+#: sequencer.c:1134 sequencer.c:1186
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut analitzar la comissió mare %s\n"
+msgid "unable to read commit message from '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir el missatge de comissió des de «%s»"
 
-#: sequencer.c:477
-msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
-msgstr "El vostre fitxer d'índex està sense fusionar."
+#: sequencer.c:1154 builtin/am.c:1650 builtin/commit.c:1594 builtin/merge.c:826
+#: builtin/merge.c:851
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en escriure l'objecte de comissió"
 
-#: sequencer.c:496
+#: sequencer.c:1213
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
-msgstr "La comissió %s és una fusió però no s'ha donat cap opció -m."
+msgid "could not parse commit %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar la comissió %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:504
+#: sequencer.c:1218
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
-msgstr "La comissió %s no té mare %d"
+msgid "could not parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar la comissió pare %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:508
+#: sequencer.c:1347
 #, c-format
-msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgid ""
+"unexpected 1st line of squash message:\n"
+"\n"
+"\t%.*s"
 msgstr ""
-"S'ha especificat la línia principal però la comissió %s no és una fusió."
+"Primera línia del missatge de «squash» no esperada:\n"
+"\n"
+"\t%.*s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1353
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"invalid 1st line of squash message:\n"
+"\n"
+"\t%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+"Primera línia del missatge de «squash» no vàlida:\n"
+"\n"
+"\t%.*s"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
-#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
-#: sequencer.c:521
+#: sequencer.c:1359 sequencer.c:1384
+#, c-format
+msgid "This is a combination of %d commits."
+msgstr "Això és una combinació de %d comissions."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1368 sequencer.c:3265
+msgid "need a HEAD to fixup"
+msgstr "cal un HEAD per reparar-ho"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1370
+msgid "could not read HEAD"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1372
+msgid "could not read HEAD's commit message"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir el missatge de comissió de HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1378
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot escriure «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1387 git-rebase--interactive.sh:452
+msgid "This is the 1st commit message:"
+msgstr "Aquest és el 1r missatge de comissió:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1395
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message of %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir el missatge de comissió: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1402
+#, c-format
+msgid "This is the commit message #%d:"
+msgstr "Aquest és el missatge de comissió #%d:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1407
+#, c-format
+msgid "The commit message #%d will be skipped:"
+msgstr "El missatge de comissió núm. #%d s'ometrà:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1412
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command: %d"
+msgstr "ordre desconeguda: %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1479
+msgid "your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr "el vostre fitxer d'índex està sense fusionar."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1498
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr "la comissió %s és una fusió però no s'ha donat cap opció -m."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1506
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr "la comissió %s no té pare %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1510
+#, c-format
+msgid "mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgstr ""
+"s'ha especificat la línia principal però la comissió %s no és una fusió."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1516
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr "no es pot obtenir el missatge de comissió de %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be a "todo" command like
+#. "revert" or "pick", the second %s a SHA1.
+#: sequencer.c:1535
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
-msgstr "%s: no es pot analitzar la comissió mare %s"
+msgstr "%s: no es pot analitzar la comissió pare %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:525
+#: sequencer.c:1600 sequencer.c:2397
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
-msgstr "No es pot obtenir el missatge de comissió de %s"
+msgid "could not rename '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut canviar el nom «%s» a «%s»"
 
-#: sequencer.c:611
+#: sequencer.c:1654
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut revertir %s...%s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut revertir %s... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:612
+#: sequencer.c:1655
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut aplicar %s...%s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut aplicar %s... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:648
+#: sequencer.c:1702
 msgid "empty commit set passed"
 msgstr "conjunt de comissions buit passat"
 
-#: sequencer.c:656
+#: sequencer.c:1712
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
-msgstr "git %s: s'ha fallat en llegir l'índex"
+msgstr "git %s: s'ha produït un error en llegir l'índex"
 
-#: sequencer.c:660
+#: sequencer.c:1718
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
-msgstr "git %s: s'ha fallat en actualitzar l'índex"
+msgstr "git %s: s'ha produït un error en actualitzar l'índex"
 
-#: sequencer.c:720
+#: sequencer.c:1792
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
-msgstr "No es pot %s durant un %s"
+msgid "%s does not accept arguments: '%s'"
+msgstr "%s no accepta paràmetres: «%s»"
 
-#: sequencer.c:742
+#: sequencer.c:1801
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse line %d."
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut analitzar la línia %d."
+msgid "missing arguments for %s"
+msgstr "falten els arguments per %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:747
-msgid "No commits parsed."
-msgstr "Cap comissió analitzada."
+#: sequencer.c:1844
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "línia no vàlida %d: %.*s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:760
+#: sequencer.c:1852
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open %s"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut obrir %s"
+msgid "cannot '%s' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "No es pot «%s» sense una comissió prèvia"
 
-#: sequencer.c:764
+#: sequencer.c:1883 sequencer.c:3056 sequencer.c:3091
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not read %s."
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut llegir %s."
+msgid "could not read '%s'."
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir «%s»."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1906
+msgid "please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "corregiu-ho usant «git rebase --edit-todo»."
 
-#: sequencer.c:771
+#: sequencer.c:1908
 #, c-format
-msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
-msgstr "Full d'instruccions inusable: %s"
+msgid "unusable instruction sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "full d'instruccions inusable: «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1913
+msgid "no commits parsed."
+msgstr "no s'ha analitzat cap comissió."
 
-#: sequencer.c:801
+#: sequencer.c:1924
+msgid "cannot cherry-pick during a revert."
+msgstr "no es pot fer «cherry pick» durant una reversió."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1926
+msgid "cannot revert during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr "no es pot revertir durant un «cherry pick»."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1993
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid key: %s"
-msgstr "Clau no vàlida: %s"
+msgid "invalid key: %s"
+msgstr "clau no vàlida: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:804
+#: sequencer.c:1996
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
-msgstr "Valor no vàlid per a %s: %s"
+msgid "invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "valor no vàlid per a %s: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:816
+#: sequencer.c:2062
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
-msgstr "Full d'opcions mal format: %s"
+msgid "malformed options sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "full d'opcions mal format: «%s»"
 
-#: sequencer.c:837
+#: sequencer.c:2100
 msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
-msgstr "un recull de cireres o una reversió ja està en curs"
+msgstr "un «cherry pick» o una reversió ja està en curs"
 
-#: sequencer.c:838
+#: sequencer.c:2101
 msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 msgstr "intenteu \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:842
+#: sequencer.c:2104
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut crear el directori de seqüenciador %s"
+msgid "could not create sequencer directory '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut crear el directori de seqüenciador «%s»"
 
-#: sequencer.c:858 sequencer.c:943
-#, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
-msgstr "Error en finalitzar %s."
+#: sequencer.c:2118
+msgid "could not lock HEAD"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut bloquejar HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:877 sequencer.c:1013
+#: sequencer.c:2173 sequencer.c:2761
 msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
-msgstr "ni hi ha cap recull de cireres ni cap reversió en curs"
+msgstr "ni hi ha cap «cherry pick» ni cap reversió en curs"
 
-#: sequencer.c:879
+#: sequencer.c:2175
 msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
 msgstr "no es pot resoldre HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:881
+#: sequencer.c:2177 sequencer.c:2212
 msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr "no es pot avortar des d'una branca que encara ha de nàixer"
 
-#: sequencer.c:903 builtin/apply.c:4128
+#: sequencer.c:2198 builtin/grep.c:720
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
-msgstr "no es pot obrir %s: %s"
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot obrir «%s»"
 
-#: sequencer.c:906
+#: sequencer.c:2200
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
-msgstr "no es pot llegir %s: %s"
+msgid "cannot read '%s': %s"
+msgstr "no es pot llegir «%s»: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:907
+#: sequencer.c:2201
 msgid "unexpected end of file"
 msgstr "final de fitxer inesperat"
 
-#: sequencer.c:913
+#: sequencer.c:2207
 #, c-format
 msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
+msgstr "el fitxer HEAD emmagatzemat abans de fer «cherry pick» «%s» és malmès"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2218
+msgid "You seem to have moved HEAD. Not rewinding, check your HEAD!"
+msgstr "Sembla que heu mogut HEAD sense rebobinar, comproveu-ho HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2324 sequencer.c:2679
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut actualitzar %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2362 sequencer.c:2659
+msgid "cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "No es pot llegir HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2402 builtin/difftool.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut copiar «%s» a «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2421
+msgid "could not read index"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir l'índex"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2426
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution failed: %s\n"
+"%sYou can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
 msgstr ""
-"el fitxer HEAD emmagatzemat abans del recull de cireres '%s' és corrupte"
+"ha fallat: %s\n"
+"%sPodeu solucionar el problema, i llavors executar\n"
+"\n"
+" git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:936
+#: sequencer.c:2432
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+msgstr "i ha fet canvis a l'índex i/o l'arbre de treball\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2438
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not format %s."
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut formatar %s."
+msgid ""
+"execution succeeded: %s\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"l'execució ha tingut èxit: %s\n"
+"però ha deixat canvis a l'índex i/o l'arbre de treball\n"
+"Cometeu o feu «stash» dels vostres canvis, i llavors executeu\n"
+"\n"
+" git rebase --continue\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1081
+#: sequencer.c:2497
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied autostash.\n"
+msgstr "S'ha aplicat el «stash» automàticament.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2509
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot store %s"
+msgstr "no es pot emmagatzemar %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2512 git-rebase.sh:178
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
+"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
+"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"L'aplicació del «stash» automàtic ha resultat en conflictes.\n"
+"Els vostres canvis estan segurs en el «stash».\n"
+"Podeu executar \"git stash pop\" o \"git stash drop\" en qualsevol moment.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2595
+#, c-format
+msgid "Stopped at %s...  %.*s\n"
+msgstr "Aturat a %s...  %.*s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2637
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command %d"
+msgstr "ordre %d desconeguda"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2667
+msgid "could not read orig-head"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut llegir orig-head"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2672 sequencer.c:3262
+msgid "could not read 'onto'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir 'onto'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2686
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update HEAD to %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut actualitzar HEAD a %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2770
+msgid "cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "No es pot fer «rebase»: teniu canvis «unstaged»."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2775
+msgid "could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut eliminar CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2784
+msgid "cannot amend non-existing commit"
+msgstr "no es pot esmenar una comissió no existent"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2786
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid file: '%s'"
+msgstr "fitxer no vàlid: «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2788
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid contents: '%s'"
+msgstr "contingut no vàlid: «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2791
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please, commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Teniu canvis no comesos en el vostre arbre de treball. \n"
+"Primer cometeu-los i després executeu 'git rebase --continue' de nou."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2801
+msgid "could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "No s'han pogut cometre els canvis «staged»."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2881
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"
-msgstr "%s: no es pot recollir com a cirera un %s"
+msgstr "%s: no es pot fer «cherry pick» a %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1084
+#: sequencer.c:2885
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: bad revision"
-msgstr "%s: revisió dolenta"
+msgstr "%s: revisió incorrecta"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2918
+msgid "can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr "no es pot revertir com a comissió inicial"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3023
+msgid "make_script: unhandled options"
+msgstr "make_script: opcions no gestionades"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3026
+msgid "make_script: error preparing revisions"
+msgstr "make_script: s'ha produït un error en preparar les revisions"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3060 sequencer.c:3095
+#, c-format
+msgid "unusable todo list: '%s'"
+msgstr "llista per a fer inestable: «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3146
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unrecognized setting %s for option rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Ignoring."
+msgstr ""
+"No s'ha reconegut el paràmetre %s per rebase.missingCommitsCheck. S'està "
+"ignorant."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3212
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: some commits may have been dropped accidentally.\n"
+"Dropped commits (newer to older):\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Advertència: pot ser que algunes comissions s'hagin descartat "
+"accidentalment.\n"
+"Les comissions descartades (més nova a més vella):\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3219
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"To avoid this message, use \"drop\" to explicitly remove a commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Use 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' to change the level of "
+"warnings.\n"
+"The possible behaviours are: ignore, warn, error.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Per a evitar aquest missatge, useu \"drop\" per a eliminar explícitament una "
+"comissió.\n"
+"\n"
+"Useu 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' per a canviar el nivell "
+"d'advertències.\n"
+"Els comportaments possibles són: ignore, warn, error.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3231
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You can fix this with 'git rebase --edit-todo' and then run 'git rebase --"
+"continue'.\n"
+"Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Podeu arreglar això amb 'git rebase --edit-todo' i després 'git rebase --"
+"continue'.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3244 sequencer.c:3304 wrapper.c:225 wrapper.c:395
+#: builtin/am.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut obrir «%s» per a escriptura"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3285
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar la comissió «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3401
+msgid "the script was already rearranged."
+msgstr "l'script ja estava endreçat."
 
-#: sequencer.c:1118
-msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
-msgstr "No es pot revertir com a comissió inicial"
+#: setup.c:122
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is outside repository"
+msgstr "«%s» és fora del dipòsit"
+
+#: setup.c:171
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s: no such path in the working tree.\n"
+"Use 'git <command> -- <path>...' to specify paths that do not exist locally."
+msgstr ""
+"%s: no hi ha tal camí en l'arbre de treball.\n"
+"Useu 'git <ordre> -- <camí>...' per a especificar camins que no existeixin "
+"localment."
+
+#: setup.c:184
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"paràmetre ambigu «%s»: revisió no coneguda o camí no en l'arbre de treball.\n"
+"Useu '--' per a separar els camins de les revisions, com això:\n"
+"'git <ordre> [<revisió>...] -- [<fitxer>...]'"
+
+#: setup.c:233
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' must come before non-option arguments"
+msgstr "l'opció «%s» ha de venir abans dels arguments opcionals"
+
+#: setup.c:252
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"paràmetre ambigu «%s»: ambdós una revisió i un nom de fitxer\n"
+"Useu '--' per a separar els camins de les revisions, com això:\n"
+"'git <ordre> [<revisió>...] -- [<fitxer>...]'"
+
+#: setup.c:388
+msgid "unable to set up work tree using invalid config"
+msgstr ""
+"no s'ha configurar un arbre de treball utilitzant una configuració no vàlida"
+
+#: setup.c:395
+msgid "this operation must be run in a work tree"
+msgstr "aquesta operació s'ha d'executar en un arbre de treball"
+
+#: setup.c:506
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d"
+msgstr "S'esperava una versió de dipòsit de git <= %d, s'ha trobat %d"
+
+#: setup.c:514
+msgid "unknown repository extensions found:"
+msgstr "s'han trobat extensions de dipòsit desconegudes:"
+
+#: setup.c:533
+#, c-format
+msgid "error opening '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en obrir «%s»"
+
+#: setup.c:535
+#, c-format
+msgid "too large to be a .git file: '%s'"
+msgstr "massa larg per a ser un fitxer .git: «%s»"
+
+#: setup.c:537
+#, c-format
+msgid "error reading %s"
+msgstr "error en llegir %s"
+
+#: setup.c:539
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid gitfile format: %s"
+msgstr "format gitfile no vàlid: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:541
+#, c-format
+msgid "no path in gitfile: %s"
+msgstr "sense camí al gitfile: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:543
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: %s"
+msgstr "no és un dipòsit de git: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:642
+#, c-format
+msgid "'$%s' too big"
+msgstr "«$%s» massa gran"
+
+#: setup.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: '%s'"
+msgstr "no és un dipòsit de git: «%s»"
+
+#: setup.c:685 setup.c:687 setup.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot canviar de directori a «%s»"
+
+#: setup.c:690 setup.c:746 setup.c:756 setup.c:795 setup.c:803 setup.c:818
+msgid "cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr "no es pot tornar al directori de treball actual"
+
+#: setup.c:816
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): %s"
+msgstr "no és un dipòsit de git (ni cap dels directoris pares): %s"
+
+#: setup.c:827
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%*s%s%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en fer stat a «%*s%s%s»"
+
+#: setup.c:1057
+msgid "Unable to read current working directory"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut llegir el directori de treball actual"
+
+#: setup.c:1069 setup.c:1075
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot change to '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot canviar a «%s»"
+
+#: setup.c:1088
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not a git repository (or any parent up to mount point %s)\n"
+"Stopping at filesystem boundary (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM not set)."
+msgstr ""
+"no un dipòsit de git (ni cap pare fins al punt de muntatge %s)\n"
+"S'atura a la frontera de sistema de fitxers (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM "
+"no està establert)."
+
+#: setup.c:1172
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"problem with core.sharedRepository filemode value (0%.3o).\n"
+"The owner of files must always have read and write permissions."
+msgstr ""
+"hi ha un problema amb el valor de mode de fitxer core.sharedRepository "
+"(0%.3o).\n"
+"El propietari dels fitxers sempre ha de tenir permisos de lectura i "
+"escriptura."
+
+#: setup.c:1215
+msgid "open /dev/null or dup failed"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en obrir /dev/null o dup"
+
+#: setup.c:1230
+msgid "fork failed"
+msgstr "el «fork» ha fallat"
+
+#: setup.c:1235
+msgid "setsid failed"
+msgstr "l'«stash» ha fallat"
+
+#: sha1_file.c:592
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "el camí «%s» no existeix"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1119
-msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
-msgstr "No es pot recollir cireres en un cap buit"
+#: sha1_file.c:618
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' as a linked checkout is not supported yet."
+msgstr ""
+"Encara no se suporta el dipòsit de referència «%s» com a agafament enllaçat."
+
+#: sha1_file.c:624
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
+msgstr "el dipòsit de referència «%s» no és un dipòsit local."
+
+#: sha1_file.c:630
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
+msgstr "el dipòsit de referència «%s» és superficial"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:440
+#: sha1_file.c:638
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
+msgstr "el dipòsit de referència «%s» és empeltat"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:422
+#, c-format
+msgid "short SHA1 %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "l'SHA1 %s curt és ambigu"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:433
+msgid "The candidates are:"
+msgstr "Els candidats són:"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:693
 msgid ""
 "Git normally never creates a ref that ends with 40 hex characters\n"
 "because it will be ignored when you just specify 40-hex. These refs\n"
@@ -1420,1215 +4017,1668 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "  git checkout -b $br $(git rev-parse ...)\n"
 "\n"
-"on \"$br\" és d'alguna manera buit i una referència de 40 caràcters\n"
-"hexadecimals. Si us plau, examineu aquests referències i potser\n"
+"on «$br» és d'alguna manera buida i una referència de 40 caràcters\n"
+"hexadecimals. Examineu aquestes referències i potser\n"
 "suprimiu-les. Desactiveu aquest missatge executant\n"
-"\"git config advice.objectNameWarning false\""
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1068
-msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
-msgstr "HEAD no assenyala cap branca"
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1071
-#, c-format
-msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
-msgstr "No hi ha tal branca: '%s'"
+"«git config advice.objectNameWarning false»"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1073
-#, c-format
-msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
-msgstr "Cap font configurada per a la branca '%s'"
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1077
-#, c-format
-msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
-msgstr ""
-"La branca font '%s' no s'emmagatzema com a branca que segueixi al remot"
-
-#: submodule.c:64 submodule.c:98
+#: submodule.c:96 submodule.c:130
 msgid "Cannot change unmerged .gitmodules, resolve merge conflicts first"
 msgstr ""
-"No es pot canviar un .gitmodules no fusionat, primer resoldreu els "
-"conflictes de fusió"
+"No es pot canviar un .gitmodules no fusionat, primer resoleu els conflictes "
+"de fusió"
 
-#: submodule.c:68 submodule.c:102
+#: submodule.c:100 submodule.c:134
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find section in .gitmodules where path=%s"
 msgstr "No s'ha pogut trobar la secció en .gitmodules on path=%s"
 
-#: submodule.c:76
+#: submodule.c:108
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not update .gitmodules entry %s"
 msgstr "No s'ha pogut actualitzar l'entrada de .gitmodules %s"
 
-#: submodule.c:109
+#: submodule.c:141
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not remove .gitmodules entry for %s"
 msgstr "No s'ha pogut eliminar l'entrada de .gitmodules per a %s"
 
-#: submodule.c:120
+#: submodule.c:152
 msgid "staging updated .gitmodules failed"
-msgstr "L'allistament del .gitmodules actualitzat ha fallat"
+msgstr "l'allistament del .gitmodules actualitzat ha fallat"
+
+#: submodule.c:312
+#, c-format
+msgid "in unpopulated submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "al submòdul no populat «%s»"
+
+#: submodule.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "L'especificació «%s» és en el submòdul «%.*s»"
+
+#: submodule.c:833
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule entry '%s' (%s) is a %s, not a commit"
+msgstr "l'entrada del submòdul «%s» (%s) és a %s, no és una comissió"
+
+#: submodule.c:1065 builtin/branch.c:648 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1724
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en resoldre HEAD com a referència vàlida."
+
+#: submodule.c:1370
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' not recognized as a git repository"
+msgstr "«%s» no reconegut com un dipòsit git"
+
+#: submodule.c:1508
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not start 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut iniciar «git status» al submòdul «%s»"
+
+#: submodule.c:1521
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not run 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut executar 'git status' al submòdul «%s»"
+
+#: submodule.c:1614
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' has dirty index"
+msgstr "el submòdul «%s» té l'índex brut"
+
+#: submodule.c:1878
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"relocate_gitdir for submodule '%s' with more than one worktree not supported"
+msgstr ""
+"no està admès relocate_gitdir per al submòdul «%s» amb més d'un arbre de "
+"treball"
+
+#: submodule.c:1890 submodule.c:1946
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup name for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha trobat el nom pel submòdul «%s»"
 
-#: submodule.c:1111 builtin/init-db.c:371
+#: submodule.c:1894 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1246
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1256
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create git link %s"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut crear l'enllaç de git %s"
+msgid "could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut crear el directori «%s»"
 
-#: submodule.c:1122
+#: submodule.c:1897
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not set core.worktree in %s"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut establir core.worktree en %s"
+msgid ""
+"Migrating git directory of '%s%s' from\n"
+"'%s' to\n"
+"'%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"S'està migrant el directori de «%s%s» des de\n"
+"«%s» a\n"
+"«%s»\n"
 
-#: trailer.c:500 trailer.c:504 trailer.c:508 trailer.c:562 trailer.c:566
-#: trailer.c:570
+#: submodule.c:1981
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en cercar recursivament al camí de submòdul «%s»"
+
+#: submodule.c:2025
+msgid "could not start ls-files in .."
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut iniciar ls-files a .."
+
+#: submodule.c:2045
+msgid "BUG: returned path string doesn't match cwd?"
+msgstr "ERRADA: la cadena del camí retornada no coincideix amb cwd?"
+
+#: submodule.c:2064
+#, c-format
+msgid "ls-tree returned unexpected return code %d"
+msgstr "ls-tree ha retornat un codi de retorn %d no esperat"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:263
+msgid "negative values not allowed for submodule.fetchjobs"
+msgstr "no es permeten els valors negatius a submodule.fetchjobs"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:436
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid value for %s"
+msgstr "valor no vàlid per a %s"
+
+#: trailer.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "running trailer command '%s' failed"
+msgstr "l'execució de l'ordre de remolc «%s» ha fallat"
+
+#: trailer.c:485 trailer.c:490 trailer.c:495 trailer.c:549 trailer.c:553
+#: trailer.c:557
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"
-msgstr "valor desconegut '%s' per a la clau '%s'"
+msgstr "valor desconegut «%s» per a la clau «%s»"
 
-#: trailer.c:552 trailer.c:557 builtin/remote.c:290
+#: trailer.c:539 trailer.c:544 builtin/remote.c:290
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than one %s"
 msgstr "més d'un %s"
 
-#: trailer.c:590
+#: trailer.c:730
 #, c-format
 msgid "empty trailer token in trailer '%.*s'"
-msgstr "fitxa de remolc buida en el remolc '%.*s'"
+msgstr "testimoni de remolc buit en el remolc '%.*s'"
 
-#: trailer.c:710
+#: trailer.c:750
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read input file '%s'"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir el fitxer d'entrada '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir el fitxer d'entrada «%s»"
 
-#: trailer.c:713
+#: trailer.c:753
 msgid "could not read from stdin"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut llegir des d'stdin"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir des de stdin"
+
+#: trailer.c:1008 builtin/am.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut fer stat a %s"
+
+#: trailer.c:1010
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not a regular file"
+msgstr "el fitxer %s no és un fitxer regular"
+
+#: trailer.c:1012
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not writable by user"
+msgstr "el fitxer %s no és gravable per l'usuari"
+
+#: trailer.c:1024
+msgid "could not open temporary file"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut obrir el fitxer temporal"
+
+#: trailer.c:1064
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not rename temporary file to %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut canviar el nom del fitxer temporal a %s"
+
+#: transport.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would set upstream of '%s' to '%s' of '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Canviaria la font de «%s» a «%s» de «%s»\n"
+
+#: transport.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid "transport: invalid depth option '%s'"
+msgstr "transport: opció de profunditat no vàlida «%s»"
+
+#: transport.c:916
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following submodule paths contain changes that can\n"
+"not be found on any remote:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Els camins de submòdul següents contenen canvis que no\n"
+"es poden trobar en cap remot:\n"
+
+#: transport.c:920
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Please try\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"or cd to the path and use\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"to push them to a remote.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Intenteu\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"o canviar de directori al camí i useu\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"per a pujar-los a un remot.\n"
+
+#: transport.c:928
+msgid "Aborting."
+msgstr "S'està avortant."
+
+#: transport-helper.c:1079
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read ref %s"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut llegir la referència %s"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:31
+msgid "too-short tree object"
+msgstr "objecte d'arbre massa curt"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:37
+msgid "malformed mode in tree entry"
+msgstr "mode mal format en entrada d'arbre"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:41
+msgid "empty filename in tree entry"
+msgstr "nom de fitxer buit en una entrada d'arbre"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:114
+msgid "too-short tree file"
+msgstr "fitxer d'arbre massa curt"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Els vostres canvis locals als fitxers següents se sobreescriurien per "
+"agafar:\n"
+"%%sCometeu els vostres canvis o feu «stash» abans de canviar de branca."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Els vostres canvis locals als fitxers següents se sobreescriurien per "
+"agafar:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:113
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Els vostres canvis locals als fitxers següents se sobreescriurien per "
+"fusionar:\n"
+"%%sCometeu els vostres canvis o feu «stash» abans de fusionar."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Els vostres canvis locals als fitxers següents se sobreescriurien per "
+"fusionar:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Els vostres canvis locals als fitxers següents se sobreescriurien per %s:\n"
+"%%sCometeu els vostres canvis o feu «stash» abans de %s."
 
-#: unpack-trees.c:202
+#: unpack-trees.c:120
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Els vostres canvis locals als fitxers següents se sobreescriurien per %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:125
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Updating the following directories would lose untracked files in them:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"En actualitzar els directoris següents perdria fitxers no seguits en el:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:129
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Els següents fitxers no seguits en l'arbre de treball s'eliminarien per "
+"agafar:\n"
+"%%sMoveu-los o elimineu-los abans de canviar de branca."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:131
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Els següents fitxers no seguits en l'arbre de treball s'eliminarien per "
+"agafar:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Els següents fitxers no seguits en l'arbre de treball s'eliminarien per "
+"fusionar:\n"
+"%%sMoveu-los o elimineu-los abans de fusionar."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:136
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Els següents fitxers no seguits en l'arbre de treball s'eliminarien per "
+"fusionar:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Els següents fitxers no seguits en l'arbre de treball s'eliminarien per %s:\n"
+"%%sMoveu-los o elimineu-los abans de %s."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:141
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Els següents fitxers no seguits en l'arbre de treball s'eliminarien per %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:146
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Els següents fitxers no seguits en l'arbre de treball se sobreescriurien per "
+"agafar:\n"
+"%%sMoveu-los o elimineu-los abans de canviar de branca."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:148
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Els següents fitxers no seguits en l'arbre de treball se sobreescriurien per "
+"agafar:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Els següents fitxers no seguits en l'arbre de treball se sobreescriurien per "
+"fusionar:\n"
+"%%sMoveu-los o elimineu-los abans de fusionar."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:153
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Els següents fitxers no seguits en l'arbre de treball se sobreescriurien per "
+"fusionar:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:156
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Els següents fitxers no seguits en l'arbre de treball se sobreescriurien per "
+"%s:\n"
+"%%sMoveu-los o elimineu-los abans de %s."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Els següents fitxers no seguits en l'arbre de treball se sobreescriurien per "
+"%s:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:165
+#, c-format
+msgid "Entry '%s' overlaps with '%s'.  Cannot bind."
+msgstr "L'entrada «%s» encavalca amb «%s».  No es pot vincular."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update sparse checkout: the following entries are not up to date:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"No es pot actualitzar l'agafament parcial: les entrades següents no estan al "
+"dia:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be overwritten by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Els fitxers següents en l'arbre de treball se sobreescriurien per "
+"actualitzar l'agafament parcial:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:172
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be removed by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Els fitxers següents en l'arbre de treball s'eliminarien per actualitzar "
+"l'agafament parcial:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:174
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update submodule:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"No es pot actualitzar el submòdul:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting\n"
+msgstr "S'està avortant\n"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:333
 msgid "Checking out files"
-msgstr "Agafant fitxers"
+msgstr "S'estan agafant fitxers"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:120
+#: urlmatch.c:163
 msgid "invalid URL scheme name or missing '://' suffix"
-msgstr "l'esquema d'URL no és vàlida o li manca el sufix '://'"
+msgstr "l'esquema d'URL no és vàlid o li manca el sufix '://'"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:144 urlmatch.c:297 urlmatch.c:356
+#: urlmatch.c:187 urlmatch.c:346 urlmatch.c:405
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %XX escape sequence"
 msgstr "seqüència d'escapament %XX no vàlida"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:172
+#: urlmatch.c:215
 msgid "missing host and scheme is not 'file:'"
-msgstr "manca l'host i l'esquema no és 'file:'"
+msgstr "manca la màquina i l'esquema no és 'file:'"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:189
+#: urlmatch.c:232
 msgid "a 'file:' URL may not have a port number"
 msgstr "un URL 'file:' no pot tenir número de port"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:199
+#: urlmatch.c:247
 msgid "invalid characters in host name"
-msgstr "hi ha caràcters no vàlids en el nom de host"
+msgstr "hi ha caràcters no vàlids en el nom de màquina"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:244 urlmatch.c:255
+#: urlmatch.c:292 urlmatch.c:303
 msgid "invalid port number"
 msgstr "número de port no vàlid"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:322
+#: urlmatch.c:371
 msgid "invalid '..' path segment"
 msgstr "segment de camí '..' no vàlid"
 
-#: wrapper.c:509
+#: worktree.c:245 builtin/am.c:2147
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut accedir a '%s': %s"
+msgid "failed to read '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en llegir «%s»"
 
-#: wrapper.c:530
+#: worktree.c:291
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to access '%s'"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut accedir a '%s'"
+msgid "'%s' at main working tree is not the repository directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: worktree.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' file does not contain absolute path to the working tree location"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: worktree.c:314
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "«%s» no existeix"
 
-#: wrapper.c:541
+#: worktree.c:320
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut trobar l'usuari actual en el fitxer passwd: %s"
+msgid "'%s' is not a .git file, error code %d"
+msgstr "«%s» no és un fitxer .git, codi d'error %d"
 
-#: wrapper.c:542
-msgid "no such user"
-msgstr "no hi ha tal usuari"
+#: worktree.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point back to '%s'"
+msgstr "«%s» no assenyala de tornada a «%s»"
+
+#: wrapper.c:223 wrapper.c:393
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading and writing"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut obrir «%s» per a lectura i escriptura"
 
-#: wrapper.c:550
+#: wrapper.c:227 wrapper.c:397 builtin/am.c:320 builtin/am.c:770
+#: builtin/am.c:862 builtin/merge.c:1044
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut obrir «%s» per a lectura"
+
+#: wrapper.c:424 wrapper.c:624
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut accedir a «%s»"
+
+#: wrapper.c:632
 msgid "unable to get current working directory"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut obtenir el directori de treball actual"
 
-#: wt-status.c:150
+#: wt-status.c:151
 msgid "Unmerged paths:"
 msgstr "Camins sense fusionar:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:177 wt-status.c:204
+#: wt-status.c:178 wt-status.c:205
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
-msgstr "  (useu \"git reset %s <fitxer>...\" per a desallistar)"
+msgstr "  (useu \"git reset %s <fitxer>...\" per a fer «unstage»)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:179 wt-status.c:206
+#: wt-status.c:180 wt-status.c:207
 msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
-msgstr "  (useu \"git rm --cached <fitxer>...\" per a desallistar)"
+msgstr "  (useu \"git rm --cached <fitxer>...\" per a fer «unstage»)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:183
+#: wt-status.c:184
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
 msgstr "  (useu \"git add <fitxer>...\" per a senyalar resolució)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:185 wt-status.c:189
+#: wt-status.c:186 wt-status.c:190
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (useu \"git add/rm <fitxer>...\" segons sigui apropiat per a senyalar "
 "resolució)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:187
+#: wt-status.c:188
 msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
 msgstr "  (useu \"git rm <fitxer>...\" per a senyalar resolució)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:198
+#: wt-status.c:199 wt-status.c:1007
 msgid "Changes to be committed:"
 msgstr "Canvis a cometre:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:216
+#: wt-status.c:217 wt-status.c:1016
 msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
-msgstr "Canvis no allistats per a cometre:"
+msgstr "Canvis no «staged» per a cometre:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:220
+#: wt-status.c:221
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
 msgstr "  (useu \"git add <fitxer>...\" per a actualitzar què es cometrà)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:222
+#: wt-status.c:223
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
 msgstr "  (useu \"git add/rm <fitxer>...\" per a actualitzar què es cometrà)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:223
+#: wt-status.c:224
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (useu \"git checkout -- <fitxer>...\" per a descartar els canvis en el "
 "directori de treball)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:225
+#: wt-status.c:226
 msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (cometeu o descarteu el contingut modificat o no seguit en els submòduls)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:237
+#: wt-status.c:238
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
-msgstr "  (useu \"git %s <fitxer>...\" per a incloure-ho en què es cometrà)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (useu \"git %s <fitxer>...\" per a incloure-ho en el qual es cometrà)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:252
+#: wt-status.c:253
 msgid "both deleted:"
 msgstr "suprimit per ambdós:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:254
+#: wt-status.c:255
 msgid "added by us:"
 msgstr "afegit per nosaltres:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:256
+#: wt-status.c:257
 msgid "deleted by them:"
 msgstr "suprimit per ells:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:258
+#: wt-status.c:259
 msgid "added by them:"
 msgstr "afegit per ells:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:260
+#: wt-status.c:261
 msgid "deleted by us:"
 msgstr "suprimit per nosaltres:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:262
+#: wt-status.c:263
 msgid "both added:"
 msgstr "afegit per ambdós:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:264
+#: wt-status.c:265
 msgid "both modified:"
 msgstr "modificat per ambdós:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:266
-#, c-format
-msgid "bug: unhandled unmerged status %x"
-msgstr "bug: estat no fusionat no gestionat %x"
-
-#: wt-status.c:274
+#: wt-status.c:275
 msgid "new file:"
 msgstr "fitxer nou:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:276
+#: wt-status.c:277
 msgid "copied:"
 msgstr "copiat:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:278
+#: wt-status.c:279
 msgid "deleted:"
 msgstr "suprimit:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:280
+#: wt-status.c:281
 msgid "modified:"
 msgstr "modificat:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:282
+#: wt-status.c:283
 msgid "renamed:"
 msgstr "canviat de nom:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:284
+#: wt-status.c:285
 msgid "typechange:"
 msgstr "canviat de tipus:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:286
+#: wt-status.c:287
 msgid "unknown:"
 msgstr "desconegut:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:288
+#: wt-status.c:289
 msgid "unmerged:"
 msgstr "sense fusionar:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:370
+#: wt-status.c:369
 msgid "new commits, "
 msgstr "comissions noves, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:372
+#: wt-status.c:371
 msgid "modified content, "
 msgstr "contingut modificat, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:374
+#: wt-status.c:373
 msgid "untracked content, "
 msgstr "contingut no seguit, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:391
+#: wt-status.c:847
 #, c-format
-msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
-msgstr "bug: estat de diferència no gestionat %c"
+msgid "Your stash currently has %d entry"
+msgid_plural "Your stash currently has %d entries"
+msgstr[0] "L'«stash» té actualment %d entrada"
+msgstr[1] "L'«stash» té actualment %d entrades"
 
-#: wt-status.c:758
+#: wt-status.c:879
 msgid "Submodules changed but not updated:"
 msgstr "Submòduls canviats però no actualitzats:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:760
+#: wt-status.c:881
 msgid "Submodule changes to be committed:"
 msgstr "Canvis de submòdul a cometre:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:839
+#: wt-status.c:963
 msgid ""
-"Do not touch the line above.\n"
-"Everything below will be removed."
+"Do not modify or remove the line above.\n"
+"Everything below it will be ignored."
 msgstr ""
-"No toqueu la línia de sobre.\n"
-"Tot el que hi ha a sota s'eliminarà."
+"No modifiqueu o suprimiu la línia de dalt.\n"
+"Tot el que hi ha a sota s'ignorarà."
 
-#: wt-status.c:930
+#: wt-status.c:1076
 msgid "You have unmerged paths."
 msgstr "Teniu camins sense fusionar."
 
-#: wt-status.c:933
+#: wt-status.c:1079
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
 msgstr "  (arregleu els conflictes i executeu \"git commit\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:936
+#: wt-status.c:1081
+msgid "  (use \"git merge --abort\" to abort the merge)"
+msgstr "  (useu \"git merge --abort\" per a avortar la fusió)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1086
 msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
 msgstr "Tots els conflictes estan arreglats però encara esteu fusionant."
 
-#: wt-status.c:939
+#: wt-status.c:1089
 msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
 msgstr "  (useu \"git commit\" per a concloure la fusió)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:949
+#: wt-status.c:1099
 msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
 msgstr "Esteu enmig d'una sessió am."
 
-#: wt-status.c:952
+#: wt-status.c:1102
 msgid "The current patch is empty."
 msgstr "El pedaç actual està buit."
 
-#: wt-status.c:956
+#: wt-status.c:1106
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (arregleu els conflictes i després executeu \"git am --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:958
+#: wt-status.c:1108
 msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  (useu \"git am --skip\" per a ometre aquest pedaç)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:960
+#: wt-status.c:1110
 msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
 msgstr "  (useu \"git am --abort\" per a restaurar la branca original)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1020 wt-status.c:1037
+#: wt-status.c:1242
+msgid "git-rebase-todo is missing."
+msgstr "Manca git-rebase-todo."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1244
+msgid "No commands done."
+msgstr "No s'ha fet cap ordre."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1247
+#, c-format
+msgid "Last command done (%d command done):"
+msgid_plural "Last commands done (%d commands done):"
+msgstr[0] "Última ordre feta (%d ordre feta):"
+msgstr[1] "Últimes ordres fetes (%d ordres fetes):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1258
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (see more in file %s)"
+msgstr "  (vegeu més en el fitxer %s)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1263
+msgid "No commands remaining."
+msgstr "No manca cap ordre."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1266
+#, c-format
+msgid "Next command to do (%d remaining command):"
+msgid_plural "Next commands to do (%d remaining commands):"
+msgstr[0] "Ordre següent a fer (manca %d ordre):"
+msgstr[1] "Ordres següents a fer (manquen %d ordres):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1274
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --edit-todo\" to view and edit)"
+msgstr "  (useu \"git rebase --edit-todo\" per a veure i editar)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
-msgstr "Actualment esteu rebasant la branca '%s' en '%s'."
+msgstr "Actualment esteu fent «rebase» de la branca «%s» en «%s»."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1025 wt-status.c:1042
+#: wt-status.c:1292
 msgid "You are currently rebasing."
-msgstr "Actualment esteu rebasant."
+msgstr "Actualment esteu fent «rebase»."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1028
+#: wt-status.c:1306
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (arregleu els conflictes i després executeu \"git rebase --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1030
+#: wt-status.c:1308
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
-msgstr "  (useu \"git rebase --skip\" per a saltar aquest pedaç)"
+msgstr "  (useu \"git rebase --skip\" per a ometre aquest pedaç)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1032
+#: wt-status.c:1310
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
 msgstr "  (useu \"git rebase --abort\" per a agafar la branca original)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1045
+#: wt-status.c:1316
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
-msgstr "  (tots els conflictes arreglats: executeu \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr ""
+"  (tots els conflictes estan arreglats: executeu \"git rebase --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1049
+#: wt-status.c:1320
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr ""
-"Actualment esteu dividint una comissió mentre rebaseu la branca '%s' en '%s'."
+"Actualment esteu dividint una comissió mentre es fa «rebase» de la branca "
+"«%s» en «%s»."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1054
+#: wt-status.c:1325
 msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
-msgstr "Actualment esteu dividint una comissió durant una rebase."
+msgstr "Actualment esteu dividint una comissió durant un «rebase»."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1057
+#: wt-status.c:1328
 msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (Una vegada que el vostre directori de treball sigui net, executeu \"git "
 "rebase --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1061
+#: wt-status.c:1332
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr ""
-"Actualment esteu editant una comissió mentre rebaseu la branca '%s' en '%s'."
+"Actualment esteu editant una comissió mentre es fa «rebase» de la branca "
+"«%s» en «%s»."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1066
+#: wt-status.c:1337
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
-msgstr "Actualment esteu editant una comissió durant una rebase."
+msgstr "Actualment esteu editant una comissió durant un «rebase»."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1069
+#: wt-status.c:1340
 msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
 msgstr "  (useu \"git commit --amend\" per a esmenar la comissió actual)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1071
+#: wt-status.c:1342
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
 msgstr ""
-"  (useu \"git rebase --continue\" una vegada que esteu satisfet amb els "
+"  (useu \"git rebase --continue\" una vegada que estigueu satisfet amb els "
 "vostres canvis)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1081
+#: wt-status.c:1352
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently cherry-picking commit %s."
-msgstr "Actualment esteu recollint com a cirera la comissió %s."
+msgstr "Actualment esteu fent «cherry pick» a la comissió %s."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1086
+#: wt-status.c:1357
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (arregleu els conflictes i executeu \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1089
+#: wt-status.c:1360
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
-"  (tots els conflictes arreglats: executeu \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
+"  (tots els conflictes estan arreglats: executeu \"git cherry-pick --continue"
+"\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1091
+#: wt-status.c:1362
 msgid "  (use \"git cherry-pick --abort\" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)"
 msgstr ""
-"  (useu \"git cherry-pick --abort\" per a cancel·lar l'operació de recull de "
-"cireres)"
+"  (useu \"git cherry-pick --abort\" per a cancel·lar l'operació de «cherry "
+"pick»)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1100
+#: wt-status.c:1371
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently reverting commit %s."
 msgstr "Actualment esteu revertint la comissió %s."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1105
+#: wt-status.c:1376
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (arregleu els conflictes i executeu \"git revert --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1108
+#: wt-status.c:1379
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (tots els conflictes estan arreglats: executeu \"git revert --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1110
+#: wt-status.c:1381
 msgid "  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (useu \"git revert --abort\" per a cancel·lar l'operació de reversió)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1121
+#: wt-status.c:1392
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."
-msgstr "Actualment esteu bisecant, heu començat des de la branca '%s'."
+msgstr "Actualment esteu bisecant, heu començat des de la branca «%s»."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1125
+#: wt-status.c:1396
 msgid "You are currently bisecting."
 msgstr "Actualment esteu bisecant."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1128
+#: wt-status.c:1399
 msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
 msgstr "  (useu \"git bisect reset\" per a tornar a la branca original)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1303
+#: wt-status.c:1596
 msgid "On branch "
 msgstr "En la branca "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1310
+#: wt-status.c:1602
+msgid "interactive rebase in progress; onto "
+msgstr "«rebase» interactiu en curs; sobre "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1604
 msgid "rebase in progress; onto "
-msgstr "rebase en progrés; en "
+msgstr "«rebase» en curs; sobre "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1317
+#: wt-status.c:1609
 msgid "HEAD detached at "
 msgstr "HEAD separat a "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1319
+#: wt-status.c:1611
 msgid "HEAD detached from "
 msgstr "HEAD separat de "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1322
+#: wt-status.c:1614
 msgid "Not currently on any branch."
-msgstr "Actualment no en cap branca."
+msgstr "Actualment no s'és en cap branca."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1339
+#: wt-status.c:1634
 msgid "Initial commit"
 msgstr "Comissió inicial"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1353
+#: wt-status.c:1635
+msgid "No commits yet"
+msgstr "No s'ha fet cap comissió encara."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1649
 msgid "Untracked files"
 msgstr "Fitxers no seguits"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1355
+#: wt-status.c:1651
 msgid "Ignored files"
 msgstr "Fitxers ignorats"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1359
+#: wt-status.c:1655
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
 "may speed it up, but you have to be careful not to forget to add\n"
 "new files yourself (see 'git help status')."
 msgstr ""
-"S'ha trigat %.2f segons a enumerar fitxers no seguits.\n"
+"Ha trigat %.2f segons enumerar els fitxers no seguits.\n"
 "'status -uno' pot accelerar-ho, però heu d'anar amb compte de no\n"
-"oblidar-vos d'afegir fitxers nous per vós mateix (vegeu\n"
+"oblidar-vos d'afegir fitxers nous vosaltres mateixos (vegeu\n"
 "'git help status')."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1365
+#: wt-status.c:1661
 #, c-format
 msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
 msgstr "Els fitxers no seguits no estan llistats%s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1367
+#: wt-status.c:1663
 msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
 msgstr " (useu l'opció -u per a mostrar els fitxers no seguits)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1373
+#: wt-status.c:1669
 msgid "No changes"
 msgstr "Sense canvis"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1378
+#: wt-status.c:1674
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
 msgstr ""
 "no hi ha canvis afegits a cometre (useu \"git add\" o \"git commit -a\")\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1381
+#: wt-status.c:1677
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
 msgstr "no hi ha canvis afegits a cometre\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1384
+#: wt-status.c:1680
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
 "track)\n"
 msgstr ""
-"no hi ha res afegit a cometre però fitxers no seguits estan presents (useu "
-"\"git add\" per a seguir-los)\n"
+"no hi ha res afegit a cometre però hi ha fitxers no seguits (useu \"git add"
+"\" per a seguir-los)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1387
+#: wt-status.c:1683
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
-msgstr "no hi ha res afegit a cometre però fitxers no seguits estan presents\n"
+msgstr "no hi ha res afegit a cometre però hi ha fitxers no seguits\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1390
+#: wt-status.c:1686
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
 msgstr ""
 "no hi ha res a cometre (creeu/copieu fitxers i useu \"git add\" per a seguir-"
 "los)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1393 wt-status.c:1398
+#: wt-status.c:1689 wt-status.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit\n"
 msgstr "no hi ha res a cometre\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1396
+#: wt-status.c:1692
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
 msgstr ""
 "no hi ha res a cometre (useu -u per a mostrar els fitxers no seguits)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1400
+#: wt-status.c:1696
 #, c-format
-msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
-msgstr "no hi ha res a cometre, directori de treball net\n"
+msgid "nothing to commit, working tree clean\n"
+msgstr "no hi ha res a cometre, l'arbre de treball està net\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1809
+msgid "No commits yet on "
+msgstr "No s'ha fet cap comissió encara a "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1509
+#: wt-status.c:1813
 msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
 msgstr "HEAD (sense branca)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1515
-msgid "Initial commit on "
-msgstr "Comissió inicial en "
+#: wt-status.c:1844
+msgid "different"
+msgstr "diferent"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1547
-msgid "gone"
-msgstr "no hi és"
-
-#: wt-status.c:1549 wt-status.c:1557
+#: wt-status.c:1846 wt-status.c:1854
 msgid "behind "
 msgstr "darrere "
 
-#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:55 builtin/clone.c:360
+#: wt-status.c:1849 wt-status.c:1852
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr "davant per "
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the action is e.g. "pull with rebase"
+#: wt-status.c:2358
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "no es pot %s: Teniu canvis «unstaged»."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2364
+msgid "additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "addicionalment, el vostre índex conté canvis sense cometre."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2366
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "no es pot %s: El vostre índex conté canvis sense cometre."
+
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:440
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en desenllaçar '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en desenllaçar «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:22
-msgid "git add [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git add [opcions] [--] <especificació-de-camí>..."
+#: builtin/add.c:24
+msgid "git add [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git add [<opcions>] [--] <especificació-de-camí>..."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:65
+#: builtin/add.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
 msgstr "estat de diff inesperat %c"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:70 builtin/commit.c:275
+#: builtin/add.c:88 builtin/commit.c:257
 msgid "updating files failed"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en actualitzar els fitxers"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en actualitzar els fitxers"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:80
+#: builtin/add.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "remove '%s'\n"
-msgstr "elimina '%s'\n"
+msgstr "elimina «%s»\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:134
+#: builtin/add.c:173
 msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
-msgstr "Canvis no allistats després d'actualitzar l'índex:"
+msgstr "Canvis «unstaged» després d'actualitzar l'índex:"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:194 builtin/rev-parse.c:785
+#: builtin/add.c:233 builtin/rev-parse.c:888
 msgid "Could not read the index"
 msgstr "No s'ha pogut llegir l'índex"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:205
+#: builtin/add.c:244
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut obrir '%s' per a escriptura."
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut obrir «%s» per a escriptura."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:209
+#: builtin/add.c:248
 msgid "Could not write patch"
 msgstr "No s'ha pogut escriure el pedaç"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:214
+#: builtin/add.c:251
+msgid "editing patch failed"
+msgstr "l'edició del pedaç ha fallat"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:254
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut fer stat a '%s'"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut fer stat a «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:216
+#: builtin/add.c:256
 msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
-msgstr "El pedaç és buit. Avortat."
+msgstr "El pedaç és buit. S'ha avortat."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:221
+#: builtin/add.c:261
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut aplicar '%s'"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut aplicar «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:231
+#: builtin/add.c:271
 msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Els camins següents s'ignoren per un dels vostres fitxers .gitignore:\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:248 builtin/clean.c:875 builtin/fetch.c:108 builtin/mv.c:110
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/push.c:499 builtin/remote.c:1372
-#: builtin/rm.c:269
+#: builtin/add.c:291 builtin/clean.c:911 builtin/fetch.c:146 builtin/mv.c:124
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/pull.c:207 builtin/push.c:541
+#: builtin/remote.c:1333 builtin/rm.c:242 builtin/send-pack.c:164
 msgid "dry run"
 msgstr "marxa en sec"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:249 builtin/apply.c:4415 builtin/check-ignore.c:19
-#: builtin/commit.c:1326 builtin/count-objects.c:63 builtin/fsck.c:608
-#: builtin/log.c:1617 builtin/mv.c:109 builtin/read-tree.c:114
-msgid "be verbose"
-msgstr "sigues detallat"
-
-#: builtin/add.c:251
+#: builtin/add.c:294
 msgid "interactive picking"
 msgstr "recull interactiu"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:252 builtin/checkout.c:1126 builtin/reset.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:295 builtin/checkout.c:1128 builtin/reset.c:302
 msgid "select hunks interactively"
 msgstr "selecciona els trossos interactivament"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:253
+#: builtin/add.c:296
 msgid "edit current diff and apply"
 msgstr "edita la diferència actual i aplica-la"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:254
+#: builtin/add.c:297
 msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
 msgstr "permet afegir fitxers que d'altra manera s'ignoren"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:255
+#: builtin/add.c:298
 msgid "update tracked files"
 msgstr "actualitza els fitxers seguits"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:256
+#: builtin/add.c:299
+msgid "renormalize EOL of tracked files (implies -u)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:300
 msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
 msgstr "registra només el fet que el camí s'afegirà més tard"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:257
+#: builtin/add.c:301
 msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr "afegeix els canvis de tots els fitxers seguits i no seguits"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:260
+#: builtin/add.c:304
 msgid "ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"
 msgstr ""
 "ignora els camins eliminats en l'arbre de treball (el mateix que --no-all)"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:262
+#: builtin/add.c:306
 msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
 msgstr "no afegeixis, només actualitza l'índex"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:263
+#: builtin/add.c:307
 msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
 msgstr "només omet els fitxers que no es poden afegir a causa d'errors"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:264
+#: builtin/add.c:308
 msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
 msgstr ""
 "comproveu si els fitxers - fins i tot els absents - s'ignoren en marxa en sec"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:309 builtin/update-index.c:964
+msgid "(+/-)x"
+msgstr "(+/-)x"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:309 builtin/update-index.c:965
+msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
+msgstr "passa per alt el bit executable dels fitxers llistats"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:311
+msgid "warn when adding an embedded repository"
+msgstr "avisa'm quan s'afegeixi un dipòsit incrustat"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:326
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You've added another git repository inside your current repository.\n"
+"Clones of the outer repository will not contain the contents of\n"
+"the embedded repository and will not know how to obtain it.\n"
+"If you meant to add a submodule, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If you added this path by mistake, you can remove it from the\n"
+"index with:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"See \"git help submodule\" for more information."
+msgstr ""
+"Heu afegit un altre dipòsit git dins del dipòsit actual.\n"
+"Els clons de dipòsits externs no contindran els continguts de\n"
+"del dipòsit incrustat i no saben com obtenir-ho.\n"
+"Si volíeu afegir un submòdul, useu:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Si heu afegit aquest camí per error, podeu suprimir-lo de\n"
+" l'índex amb:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Vegeu \"git help submodule\" per a més informació."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:354
+#, c-format
+msgid "adding embedded git repository: %s"
+msgstr "s'està afegint un dipòsit incrustat: %s"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:372
 #, c-format
 msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
 msgstr "Useu -f si realment els voleu afegir.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:293
+#: builtin/add.c:380
 msgid "adding files failed"
 msgstr "l'afegiment de fitxers ha fallat"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:329
+#: builtin/add.c:417
 msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
-msgstr "-A i -u són mutualment incompatibles"
+msgstr "-A i -u són mútuament incompatibles"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:336
+#: builtin/add.c:424
 msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
-msgstr "L'opció --ignore-missing només es pot usar junt amb --dry-run"
+msgstr "L'opció --ignore-missing només es pot usar juntament amb --dry-run"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:428
+#, c-format
+msgid "--chmod param '%s' must be either -x or +x"
+msgstr "el paràmetre --chmod «%s» ha de ser o -x o +x"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:357
+#: builtin/add.c:443
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
-msgstr "Res especificat, res afegit.\n"
+msgstr "No s'ha especificat res, no s'ha afegit res.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:358
+#: builtin/add.c:444
 #, c-format
 msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
-msgstr "Potser volíeu dir 'git add .'?\n"
+msgstr "Potser volíeu dir «git add .»?\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:363 builtin/check-ignore.c:172 builtin/clean.c:919
-#: builtin/commit.c:333 builtin/mv.c:130 builtin/reset.c:235 builtin/rm.c:299
+#: builtin/add.c:449 builtin/check-ignore.c:177 builtin/checkout.c:280
+#: builtin/checkout.c:483 builtin/clean.c:958 builtin/commit.c:316
+#: builtin/diff-tree.c:114 builtin/mv.c:144 builtin/reset.c:241
+#: builtin/rm.c:271 builtin/submodule--helper.c:326
 msgid "index file corrupt"
 msgstr "fitxer d'índex malmès"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:446 builtin/apply.c:4510 builtin/mv.c:279 builtin/rm.c:431
-msgid "Unable to write new index file"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure un fitxer d'índex nou"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:58
-msgid "git apply [options] [<patch>...]"
-msgstr "git apply [opcions] [<pedaç>...]"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:111
-#, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
-msgstr "opció d'espai en blanc '%s' no reconeguda"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:126
-#, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
-msgstr "opció d'ignoral d'espai en blanc '%s' no reconeguda"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:826
-#, c-format
-msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
-msgstr "No es pot preparar l'expressió regular de marca de temps %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:835
-#, c-format
-msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
-msgstr "regexec ha retornat %d per l'entrada: %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:916
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut trobar el nom de fitxer en el pedaç a la línia %d"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:948
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
-msgstr ""
-"git apply: git-diff dolent - /dev/null esperat, %s rebut en la línia %d"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:952
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
-msgstr ""
-"git apply: git-diff dolent - nom de fitxer nou inconsistent en la línia %d"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:953
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
-msgstr ""
-"git apply: git-diff dolent - nom de fitxer antic inconsistent en la línia %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:414
+msgid "could not parse author script"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar l'script d'autor"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:960
+#: builtin/am.c:498
 #, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
-msgstr "git apply: git-diff dolent - /dev/null esperat en la línia %d"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:1423
-#, c-format
-msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
-msgstr "recompte: línia inesperada: %.*s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:1480
-#, c-format
-msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
-msgstr "fragment de pedaç sense capçalera a la línia %d: %.*s"
+msgid "'%s' was deleted by the applypatch-msg hook"
+msgstr "s'ha suprimit «%s» pel lligam applypatch-msg"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1497
+#: builtin/am.c:539
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
-"component (line %d)"
-msgid_plural ""
-"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
-"components (line %d)"
-msgstr[0] ""
-"a la capçalera de git diff li manca informació de nom de fitxer en eliminar "
-"%d component de nom de camí inicial (línia %d)"
-msgstr[1] ""
-"a la capçalera de git diff li manca informació de nom de fitxer en eliminar "
-"%d components de nom de camí inicial (línia %d)"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:1657
-msgid "new file depends on old contents"
-msgstr "el fitxer nou depèn dels continguts antics"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:1659
-msgid "deleted file still has contents"
-msgstr "el fitxer suprimit encara té continguts"
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "Línia d'entrada mal formada: «%s»."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1685
+#: builtin/am.c:576
 #, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
-msgstr "el pedaç és malmès a la línia %d"
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en copiar les notes de «%s» a «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1721
-#, c-format
-msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
-msgstr "el fitxer nou %s depèn dels continguts antics"
+#: builtin/am.c:602
+msgid "fseek failed"
+msgstr "fseek ha fallat"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1723
+#: builtin/am.c:790
 #, c-format
-msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
-msgstr "el fitxer suprimit %s encara té continguts"
+msgid "could not parse patch '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar el pedaç «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1726
-#, c-format
-msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
-msgstr "** avís: el fitxer %s queda buit però no es suprimeix"
+#: builtin/am.c:855
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr "Només una sèrie de pedaços StGIT es pot aplicar a la vegada"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1872
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
-msgstr "pedaç binari malmès a la línia %d: %.*s"
+#: builtin/am.c:903
+msgid "invalid timestamp"
+msgstr "marca de temps no vàlida"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1901
-#, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
-msgstr "pedaç binari no reconegut a la línia %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:908 builtin/am.c:920
+msgid "invalid Date line"
+msgstr "línia Date no vàlida"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2052
-#, c-format
-msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
-msgstr "pedaç amb només escombraries a la línia %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:915
+msgid "invalid timezone offset"
+msgstr "desplaçament de zona de temps no vàlid"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2142
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir l'enllaç simbòlic %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1008
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr "La detecció de format de pedaç ha fallat."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2146
+#: builtin/am.c:1013 builtin/clone.c:405
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to open or read %s"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut obrir o llegir %s"
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en crear el directori «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2754
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
-msgstr "inici de línia no vàlid: '%c'"
+#: builtin/am.c:1018
+msgid "Failed to split patches."
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en dividir els pedaços."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2872
-#, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
-msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
-msgstr[0] "El tros #%d ha tingut éxit a %d (desplaçament %d línia)."
-msgstr[1] "El tros #%d ha tingut éxit a %d (desplaçament %d línies)."
+#: builtin/am.c:1148 builtin/commit.c:342
+msgid "unable to write index file"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure el fitxer d'índex"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2884
+#: builtin/am.c:1162
 #, c-format
-msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
-msgstr "El context s'ha reduït a (%ld/%ld) per a aplicar el fragment a %d"
+msgid "When you have resolved this problem, run \"%s --continue\"."
+msgstr "Quan hàgiu resolt aquest problema, executeu \"%s --continue\"."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2890
+#: builtin/am.c:1163
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"while searching for:\n"
-"%.*s"
+msgid "If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"%s --skip\" instead."
 msgstr ""
-"tot cercant:\n"
-"%.*s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:2909
-#, c-format
-msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
-msgstr "manquen les dades de pedaç binari de '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3010
-#, c-format
-msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
-msgstr "el pedaç binari no s'aplica a '%s'"
+"Si preferiu ometre aquest pedaç, executeu \"%s --skip\" en lloc d'això."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3016
+#: builtin/am.c:1164
 #, c-format
-msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgid "To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"%s --abort\"."
 msgstr ""
-"el pedaç binari a '%s' crea un resultat incorrecte (esperant %s, %s rebut)"
+"Per a restaurar la branca original i deixar d'apedaçar, executeu \"%s --abort"
+"\"."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3037
-#, c-format
-msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
-msgstr "el pedaç ha fallat: %s:%ld"
+#: builtin/am.c:1271
+msgid "Patch is empty."
+msgstr "El pedaç està buit."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3161
+#: builtin/am.c:1337
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot checkout %s"
-msgstr "no es pot agafar %s"
+msgid "invalid ident line: %.*s"
+msgstr "línia d'identitat no vàlida: %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3206 builtin/apply.c:3215 builtin/apply.c:3260
+#: builtin/am.c:1359
 #, c-format
-msgid "read of %s failed"
-msgstr "la lectura de %s ha fallat"
+msgid "unable to parse commit %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar la comissió %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3240 builtin/apply.c:3462
-#, c-format
-msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
-msgstr "el camí %s s'ha canviat de nom / s'ha suprimit"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3321 builtin/apply.c:3476
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
-msgstr "%s: no existeix en l'índex"
+#: builtin/am.c:1554
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Al dipòsit li manquen els blobs necessaris per a retrocedir a una fusió de 3 "
+"vies."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3325 builtin/apply.c:3468 builtin/apply.c:3490
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: %s"
-msgstr "%s: %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1556
+msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
+msgstr "S'està usant la informació d'índex per a reconstruir un arbre base..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3330 builtin/apply.c:3484
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not match index"
-msgstr "%s: no coincideix amb l'índex"
+#: builtin/am.c:1575
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+msgstr ""
+"Heu editat el vostre pedaç a mà?\n"
+"No s'aplica als blobs recordats en el seu índex."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3432
-msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
-msgstr "el pedaç de supressió deixa els continguts dels fitxers"
+#: builtin/am.c:1581
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr "S'està retrocedint a apedaçar la base i una fusió de 3 vies..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3501
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: wrong type"
-msgstr "%s: tipus erroni"
+#: builtin/am.c:1606
+msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en fusionar els canvis."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3503
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
-msgstr "%s és del tipus %o, s'esperava %o"
+#: builtin/am.c:1637
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr "s'està aplicant a una història buida"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3604
+#: builtin/am.c:1683 builtin/am.c:1687
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in index"
-msgstr "%s: ja existeix en l'índex"
+msgid "cannot resume: %s does not exist."
+msgstr "no es pot reprendre: %s no existeix."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3607
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
-msgstr "%s: ja existeix en el directori de treball"
+#: builtin/am.c:1703
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr ""
+"no es pot ser interactiu sense que stdin estigui connectada a un terminal."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3627
-#, c-format
-msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
-msgstr "el mode nou (%o) de %s no coincideix amb el mode antic (%o)"
+#: builtin/am.c:1708
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
+msgstr "El cos de la comissió és:"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3632
-#, c-format
-msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
-msgstr "el mode nou (%o) de %s no coincideix amb el mode antic (%o) de %s"
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#.
+#: builtin/am.c:1718
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all: "
+msgstr ""
+"Voleu aplicar-lo? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dita/[v]isualitza el pedaç/[a]ccepta'ls "
+"tots: "
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3640
+#: builtin/am.c:1768
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
-msgstr "%s: el pedaç no aplica"
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "�ndex brut: no es poden aplicar pedaços (bruts: %s)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3653
+#: builtin/am.c:1808 builtin/am.c:1879
 #, c-format
-msgid "Checking patch %s..."
-msgstr "Comprovant el pedaç %s..."
+msgid "Applying: %.*s"
+msgstr "S'està aplicant: %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3746 builtin/checkout.c:231 builtin/reset.c:135
-#, c-format
-msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
-msgstr "make_cache_entry ha fallat per al camí '%s'"
+#: builtin/am.c:1824
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr "Sense canvis -- El pedaç ja s'ha aplicat."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3889
+#: builtin/am.c:1832
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut eliminar %s de l'índex"
+msgid "Patch failed at %s %.*s"
+msgstr "El pedaç ha fallat a %s %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3918
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
-msgstr "pedaç corrupte per al submòdul %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1838
+msgid "Use 'git am --show-current-patch' to see the failed patch"
+msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3922
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut fer stat al fitxer novament creat '%s'"
+#: builtin/am.c:1882
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
+msgstr ""
+"Cap canvi - heu oblidat d'usar 'git add'?\n"
+"Si no hi ha res per fer «stage», probablement alguna altra cosa ja ha\n"
+"introduït els mateixos canvis; potser voleu ometre aquest pedaç."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3927
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1889
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index.\n"
+"You should 'git add' each file with resolved conflicts to mark them as "
+"such.\n"
+"You might run `git rm` on a file to accept \"deleted by them\" for it."
 msgstr ""
-"no s'ha pogut crear un magatzem de recolzament per al fitxer novament creat "
-"%s"
+"Encara teniu camins sense fusionar a l'índex.\n"
+"Heu de fer 'git add' a cada fitxer amb conflictes resolts per marcar-los com "
+"a tal.\n"
+"Podeu executar `git rm` en un fitxer per acceptar \"suprimit per ells\" pel "
+"fitxer."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3930 builtin/apply.c:4038
+#: builtin/am.c:1996 builtin/am.c:2000 builtin/am.c:2012 builtin/reset.c:324
+#: builtin/reset.c:332
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut afegir una entrada de cau per a %s"
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut analitzar l'objecte «%s»."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3963
-#, c-format
-msgid "closing file '%s'"
-msgstr "tancant el fitxer '%s'"
+#: builtin/am.c:2048
+msgid "failed to clean index"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en netejar l'índex"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4012
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure el fitxer '%s' mode %o"
+#: builtin/am.c:2083
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"Sembla que heu mogut HEAD després de l'última fallada de 'am'.\n"
+"No s'està rebobinant a ORIG_HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4099
+#: builtin/am.c:2174
 #, c-format
-msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
-msgstr "El pedaç %s s'ha aplicat netament."
+msgid "Invalid value for --patch-format: %s"
+msgstr "Valor no vàlid per a --patch-format: %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4107
-msgid "internal error"
-msgstr "error intern"
+#: builtin/am.c:2210
+msgid "git am [<options>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"
+msgstr "git am [<opcions>] [(<bústia> | <directori-de-correu>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4110
-#, c-format
-msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
-msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
-msgstr[0] "Aplicant el pedaç %%s amb %d rebuig"
-msgstr[1] "Aplicant el pedaç %%s amb %d rebuitjos"
+#: builtin/am.c:2211
+msgid "git am [<options>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
+msgstr "git am [<opcions>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4120
-#, c-format
-msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
-msgstr "truncant el nom del fitxer .rej a %.*s.rej"
+#: builtin/am.c:2217
+msgid "run interactively"
+msgstr "executa interactivament"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4141
-#, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
-msgstr "El tros #%d s'ha aplicat netament."
+#: builtin/am.c:2219
+msgid "historical option -- no-op"
+msgstr "opció històrica -- no-op"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4144
-#, c-format
-msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
-msgstr "S'ha rebutjat el tros #%d."
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4234
-msgid "unrecognized input"
-msgstr "entrada no reconeguda"
+#: builtin/am.c:2221
+msgid "allow fall back on 3way merging if needed"
+msgstr "permet retrocedir a una fusió de 3 vies si és necessari"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4245
-msgid "unable to read index file"
-msgstr "no es pot llegir el fitxer d'índex"
+#: builtin/am.c:2222 builtin/init-db.c:484 builtin/prune-packed.c:57
+#: builtin/repack.c:182
+msgid "be quiet"
+msgstr "silenciós"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4362 builtin/apply.c:4365 builtin/clone.c:92
-#: builtin/fetch.c:93
-msgid "path"
-msgstr "camí"
+#: builtin/am.c:2224
+msgid "add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message"
+msgstr "afegeix una línia «Signed-off-by» al missatge de comissió"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4363
-msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
-msgstr "no apliquis els canvis que coincideixin amb el camí donat"
+#: builtin/am.c:2227
+msgid "recode into utf8 (default)"
+msgstr "recodifica en utf8 (per defecte)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4366
-msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
-msgstr "aplica els canvis que coincideixin amb el camí donat"
+#: builtin/am.c:2229
+msgid "pass -k flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "passa l'indicador -k a git-mailinfo"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4368
-msgid "num"
-msgstr "número"
+#: builtin/am.c:2231
+msgid "pass -b flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "passa l'indicador -b a git-mailinfo"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4369
-msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
-msgstr ""
-"elimina <nombre> barres obliqües inicials dels camins de diferència "
-"tradicionals"
+#: builtin/am.c:2233
+msgid "pass -m flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "passa l'indicador -m a git-mailinfo"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4372
-msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
-msgstr "ignora afegiments fets pel pedaç"
+#: builtin/am.c:2235
+msgid "pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit for mbox format"
+msgstr "passa l'indicador --keep-cr a git-mailsplit per al format mbox"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4374
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+#: builtin/am.c:2238
+msgid "do not pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit independent of am.keepcr"
 msgstr ""
-"en lloc d'aplicar el pedaç, emet les estadístiques de diferència de l'entrada"
+"no passis l'indicador --keep-cr a git-mailsplit independent d'am.keepcr"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4378
-msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
-msgstr "mostra el nombre de línies afegides i suprimides en notació decimal"
+#: builtin/am.c:2241
+msgid "strip everything before a scissors line"
+msgstr "elimina tot abans d'una línia de tisores"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4380
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
-msgstr "en lloc d'aplicar el pedaç, emet un resum de l'entrada"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4382
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
-msgstr "en lloc d'aplicar el pedaç, veges si el pedaç és aplicable"
+#: builtin/am.c:2243 builtin/am.c:2246 builtin/am.c:2249 builtin/am.c:2252
+#: builtin/am.c:2255 builtin/am.c:2258 builtin/am.c:2261 builtin/am.c:2264
+#: builtin/am.c:2270
+msgid "pass it through git-apply"
+msgstr "passa-ho a través de git-apply"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4384
-msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
-msgstr "assegura que el pedaç sigui aplicable a l'índex actual"
+#: builtin/am.c:2260 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:668
+#: builtin/grep.c:853 builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/pull.c:145 builtin/pull.c:203
+#: builtin/repack.c:191 builtin/repack.c:195 builtin/repack.c:197
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:631 builtin/show-ref.c:169 builtin/tag.c:382
+#: parse-options.h:144 parse-options.h:146 parse-options.h:257
+msgid "n"
+msgstr "n"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4386
-msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
-msgstr "aplica un pedaç sense tocar l'arbre de treball"
+#: builtin/am.c:2266 builtin/branch.c:629 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38
+#: builtin/replace.c:445 builtin/tag.c:418 builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format"
+msgstr "format"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4388
-msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
-msgstr "aplica el pedaç també (useu amb --stat/--summary/--check)"
+#: builtin/am.c:2267
+msgid "format the patch(es) are in"
+msgstr "el format en el qual estan els pedaços"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4390
-msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
-msgstr "intenta una fusió de tres vies si el pedaç no s'aplica"
+#: builtin/am.c:2273
+msgid "override error message when patch failure occurs"
+msgstr "passa per alt el missatge d'error si falla l'aplicació del pedaç"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4392
-msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
-msgstr "construeix un índex temporal basat en la informació d'índex incrustada"
+#: builtin/am.c:2275
+msgid "continue applying patches after resolving a conflict"
+msgstr "segueix aplicant pedaços després de resoldre un conflicte"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4394 builtin/checkout-index.c:198 builtin/ls-files.c:455
-msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
-msgstr "els camins es separen amb el caràcter NUL"
+#: builtin/am.c:2278
+msgid "synonyms for --continue"
+msgstr "sinònims de --continue"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4397
-msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
-msgstr "assegura't que almenys <n> línies de context coincideixin"
+#: builtin/am.c:2281
+msgid "skip the current patch"
+msgstr "omet el pedaç actual"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4398
-msgid "action"
-msgstr "acció"
+#: builtin/am.c:2284
+msgid "restore the original branch and abort the patching operation."
+msgstr "restaura la branca original i avorta l'operació d'apedaçament."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4399
-msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+#: builtin/am.c:2287
+msgid "abort the patching operation but keep HEAD where it is."
 msgstr ""
-"detecta les línies noves o modificades que tinguin errors d'espai en blanc"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4402 builtin/apply.c:4405
-msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
-msgstr "ignora els canvis d'espai en blanc en cercar context"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4408
-msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
-msgstr "aplica el pedaç al revés"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4410
-msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
-msgstr "no esperis almenys una línia de context"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4412
-msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
-msgstr "deixa els trossos rebutjats en fitxers *.reg coresspondents"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4414
-msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
-msgstr "permet trossos encavalcants"
+#: builtin/am.c:2290
+msgid "show the patch being applied."
+msgstr "mostra el pedaç que s'està aplicant."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4417
-msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
-msgstr "tolera una línia nova incorrectament detectada al final del fitxer"
+#: builtin/am.c:2294
+msgid "lie about committer date"
+msgstr "menteix sobre la data del comitent"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4420
-msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
-msgstr "no confiïs en els recomptes de línia en les capçaleres dels trossos"
+#: builtin/am.c:2296
+msgid "use current timestamp for author date"
+msgstr "usa el marc de temps actual per la data d'autor"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4422
-msgid "root"
-msgstr "arrel"
+#: builtin/am.c:2298 builtin/commit.c:1431 builtin/merge.c:237
+#: builtin/pull.c:178 builtin/revert.c:112 builtin/tag.c:398
+msgid "key-id"
+msgstr "ID de clau"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4423
-msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
-msgstr "anteposa <arrel> a tots els noms de fitxer"
+#: builtin/am.c:2299
+msgid "GPG-sign commits"
+msgstr "signa les comissions amb GPG"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4445
-msgid "--3way outside a repository"
-msgstr "--3way fora d'un dipòsit"
+#: builtin/am.c:2302
+msgid "(internal use for git-rebase)"
+msgstr "(ús intern per a git-rebase)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4453
-msgid "--index outside a repository"
-msgstr "--index fora d'un dipòsit"
+#: builtin/am.c:2320
+msgid ""
+"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
+msgstr ""
+"Fa molt que l'opció -b/--binary no ha fet res, i\n"
+"s'eliminarà. No l'useu més."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4456
-msgid "--cached outside a repository"
-msgstr "--cached fora d'un dipòsit"
+#: builtin/am.c:2327
+msgid "failed to read the index"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en llegir l'índex"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4472
+#: builtin/am.c:2342
 #, c-format
-msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
-msgstr "no es pot obrir el pedaç '%s'"
+msgid "previous rebase directory %s still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr ""
+"un directori de «rebase» anterior %s encara existeix però s'ha donat una "
+"bústia."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4486
+#: builtin/am.c:2366
 #, c-format
-msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
-msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
-msgstr[0] "%d error d'espai en blanc omès"
-msgstr[1] "%d errors d'espai en blanc omesos"
+msgid ""
+"Stray %s directory found.\n"
+"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
+msgstr ""
+"S'ha trobat un directori %s extraviat.\n"
+"Useu \"git am --abort\" per a eliminar-lo."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4492 builtin/apply.c:4502
-#, c-format
-msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
-msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
-msgstr[0] "%d línia afegeix errors d'espai en blanc."
-msgstr[1] "%d línies afegeixen errors d'espai en blanc."
+#: builtin/am.c:2372
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr "Una operació de resolució no està en curs; no reprenem."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:8
+msgid "git apply [<options>] [<patch>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [<opcions>] [<pedaç>...]"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:17
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create archive file '%s'"
-msgstr "no es pot crear el fitxer d'arxiu '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut crear el fitxer d'arxiu «%s»"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:20
 msgid "could not redirect output"
@@ -2639,855 +5689,959 @@ msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
 msgstr "git archive: Remot sense URL"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:58
-msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
-msgstr "git archive: ACK/NAK esperat, EOF rebut"
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr "git archive: s'esperava ACK/NAK, s'ha rebut un paquet de neteja"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
 msgstr "git archive: %s NACK"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:63
-#, c-format
-msgid "remote error: %s"
-msgstr "error remot: %s"
-
 #: builtin/archive.c:64
 msgid "git archive: protocol error"
 msgstr "git archive: error de protocol"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:68
 msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
-msgstr "git archive: rentada esperada"
+msgstr "git archive: s'esperava una neteja"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:7
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:12
 msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
 msgstr "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:17
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:13
+msgid "git bisect--helper --write-terms <bad_term> <good_term>"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --write-terms <mal_terme> <bon_terme>"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:14
+msgid "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid term"
+msgstr "«%s» no és una terme vàlid"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't use the builtin command '%s' as a term"
+msgstr "no es pot usar l'ordre interna «%s» com a terme"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't change the meaning of the term '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot canviar el significat del terme «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:71
+msgid "please use two different terms"
+msgstr "useu dos termes distintes"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:78
+msgid "could not open the file BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut obrir el BISECT_TERMS"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:120
 msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
 msgstr "realitza 'git bisect next'"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:19
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:122
+msgid "write the terms to .git/BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "escriu els termes a .git/BISECT_TERMS"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:124
+msgid "cleanup the bisection state"
+msgstr "neteja l'estat de la bisecció"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:126
+msgid "check for expected revs"
+msgstr "comprova les revisions esperades"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:128
 msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
 msgstr "actualitza BISECT_HEAD en lloc d'agafar la comissió actual"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:30
-msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
-msgstr "git blame [opcions] [opcions-de-revisió] [revisió] [--] fitxer"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:143
+msgid "--write-terms requires two arguments"
+msgstr "--write-terms requereix dos paràmetres"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:147
+msgid "--bisect-clean-state requires no arguments"
+msgstr "--bisect-clean-state no accepta paràmetres"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:35
-msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
-msgstr "les [opcions-de-revisió] estan documentades en git-rev-list(1)"
+#: builtin/blame.c:27
+msgid "git blame [<options>] [<rev-opts>] [<rev>] [--] <file>"
+msgstr "git blame [<opcions>] [<opcions-de-revisió>] [<revisió>] [--] fitxer"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2501
+#: builtin/blame.c:32
+msgid "<rev-opts> are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+msgstr "es documenten les <opcions-de-revisió> en git-rev-list(1)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:677
 msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
-msgstr "Mostra les entrades de culpa mentre les trobem, incrementalment"
+msgstr "Mostra les entrades «blame» mentre les trobem, incrementalment"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2502
+#: builtin/blame.c:678
 msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 "Mostra un SHA-1 en blanc per les comissions de frontera (Per defecte: "
 "desactivat)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2503
+#: builtin/blame.c:679
 msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 "No tractis les comissions d'arrel com a límits (Per defecte: desactivat)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2504
+#: builtin/blame.c:680
 msgid "Show work cost statistics"
 msgstr "Mostra les estadístiques de preu de treball"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2505
+#: builtin/blame.c:681
+msgid "Force progress reporting"
+msgstr "Força l'informe de progrés"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:682
 msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
-msgstr "Mostra la puntuació de sortida de les entrades de culpa"
+msgstr "Mostra la puntuació de sortida de les entrades «blame»"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2506
+#: builtin/blame.c:683
 msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
 msgstr "Mostra el nom de fitxer original (Per defecte: automàtic)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2507
+#: builtin/blame.c:684
 msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Mostra el número de línia original (Per defecte: desactivat)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2508
+#: builtin/blame.c:685
 msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
 msgstr "Presenta en un format dissenyat per consumpció per màquina"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2509
+#: builtin/blame.c:686
 msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
 msgstr "Mostra el format de porcellana amb informació de comissió per línia"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2510
+#: builtin/blame.c:687
 msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 "Usa el mateix mode de sortida que git-annotate (Per defecte: desactivat)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2511
+#: builtin/blame.c:688
 msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Mostra la marca de temps crua (Per defecte: desactivat)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2512
+#: builtin/blame.c:689
 msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Mostra l'SHA1 de comissió llarg (Per defecte: desactivat)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2513
+#: builtin/blame.c:690
 msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Omet el nom d'autor i la marca de temps (Per defecte: desactivat)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2514
+#: builtin/blame.c:691
 msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
-"Mostra l'adreça de correu electrònic de l'autor en lloc del nom (Per "
-"defecte: desactivat)"
+"Mostra l'adreça electrònica de l'autor en lloc del nom (Per defecte: "
+"desactivat)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2515
+#: builtin/blame.c:692
 msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
-msgstr "Ignora les diferencies d'espai en blanc"
+msgstr "Ignora les diferències d'espai en blanc"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:699
+msgid "Use an experimental heuristic to improve diffs"
+msgstr "Usa un heurístic experimental per a millorar les diferències"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2516
+#: builtin/blame.c:701
 msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
 msgstr "Gasta cicles extres per a trobar una coincidència millor"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2517
+#: builtin/blame.c:702
 msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
 msgstr "Usa les revisions de <fitxer> en lloc d'invocar git-rev-list"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2518
+#: builtin/blame.c:703
 msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
 msgstr "Usa els continguts de <fitxer> com a la imatge final"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2519 builtin/blame.c:2520
+#: builtin/blame.c:704 builtin/blame.c:705
 msgid "score"
 msgstr "puntuació"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2519
+#: builtin/blame.c:704
 msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
 msgstr "Troba còpies de línia dins i a través dels fitxers"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2520
+#: builtin/blame.c:705
 msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
 msgstr "Troba moviments de línia dins i a través dels fitxers"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2521
+#: builtin/blame.c:706
 msgid "n,m"
 msgstr "n,m"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2521
+#: builtin/blame.c:706
 msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
-msgstr "Processa només el rang de línies n,m, comptant des de 1"
-
-#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the maximum
-#. display width for a relative timestamp in "git blame"
-#. output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11 months ago", which
-#. takes 22 places, is the longest among various forms of
-#. relative timestamps, but your language may need more or
-#. fewer display columns.
-#: builtin/blame.c:2602
+msgstr "Processa només el rang de línies n,m, comptant des d'1"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:753
+msgid "--progress can't be used with --incremental or porcelain formats"
+msgstr ""
+"no es pot usar --progress amb els formats --incremental o de porcellana"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the
+#. maximum display width for a relative timestamp in
+#. "git blame" output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11
+#. months ago", which takes 22 places, is the longest
+#. among various forms of relative timestamps, but
+#. your language may need more or fewer display
+#. columns.
+#.
+#: builtin/blame.c:804
 msgid "4 years, 11 months ago"
 msgstr "fa 4 anys i 11 mesos"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:24
-msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
-msgstr "git branch [opcions] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:25
-msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
-msgstr "git branch [opcions] [-l] [-f] <nom-de-branca> [<punt-inicial>]"
+#: builtin/blame.c:890
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s has only %lu line"
+msgid_plural "file %s has only %lu lines"
+msgstr[0] "el fitxer %s té només %lu línia"
+msgstr[1] "el fitxer %s té només %lu línies"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:26
-msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
-msgstr "git branch [opcions] [-r] (-d | -D) <nom-de-branca>..."
+#: builtin/blame.c:936
+msgid "Blaming lines"
+msgstr "S'està fent un «blame»"
 
 #: builtin/branch.c:27
-msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
-msgstr "git branch [opcions] (-m | -M) [<branca-antiga>] <branca-nova>"
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+msgstr "git branch [<opcions>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:28
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-l] [-f] <branch-name> [<start-point>]"
+msgstr "git branch [<opcions>] [-l] [-f] <nom-de-branca> [<punt-inicial>]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:29
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r] (-d | -D) <branch-name>..."
+msgstr "git branch [<opcions>] [-r] (-d | -D) <nom-de-branca>..."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:152
+#: builtin/branch.c:30
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-m | -M) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [<opcions>] (-m | -M) [<branca-antiga>] <branca-nova>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:31
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-c | -C) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [<opcions>] (-c | -C) [<branca-antiga>] <branca-nova>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:32
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+msgstr "git branch [<opcions>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:33
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+msgstr "git branch [<opcions>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:146
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
 "         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
 msgstr ""
-"suprimint la branca '%s' que s'ha fusionat a\n"
-"         '%s', però encara no s'ha fusionat\n"
-"         a HEAD."
+"s'està suprimint la branca «%s» que s'ha\n"
+"         fusionat a «%s», però encara no\n"
+"         s'ha fusionat a HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:156
+#: builtin/branch.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
 "         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
 msgstr ""
-"no suprimint la branca '%s' que encara no s'ha\n"
-"         fusionat a '%s', encara que està\n"
+"no s'està suprimint la branca «%s» que encara no\n"
+"         s'ha fusionat a «%s», encara que està\n"
 "         fusionada a HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:170
+#: builtin/branch.c:164
 #, c-format
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut trobar l'objecte de comissió de '%s'"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut trobar l'objecte de comissió de «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:174
+#: builtin/branch.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
 "If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
 msgstr ""
-"La branca '%s' no està totalment fusionada.\n"
+"La branca «%s» no està totalment fusionada.\n"
 "Si esteu segur que la voleu suprimir, executeu 'git branch -D %s'."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:187
+#: builtin/branch.c:181
 msgid "Update of config-file failed"
 msgstr "L'actualització del fitxer de configuració ha fallat"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:215
+#: builtin/branch.c:212
 msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
 msgstr "no es pot usar -a amb -d"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:221
+#: builtin/branch.c:218
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
 msgstr "No s'ha pogut trobar l'objecte de comissió de HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:229
+#: builtin/branch.c:232
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
-msgstr "No es pot suprimir la branca '%s', en la qual sou actualment."
+msgid "Cannot delete branch '%s' checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "No es pot suprimir la branca «%s» agafada a «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:245
+#: builtin/branch.c:247
 #, c-format
-msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
-msgstr "no s'ha trobat la branca remota '%s'."
+msgid "remote-tracking branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "no s'ha trobat la branca amb seguiment remot «%s»."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:246
+#: builtin/branch.c:248
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' not found."
-msgstr "no s'ha trobat la branca '%s'."
+msgstr "no s'ha trobat la branca «%s»."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:260
+#: builtin/branch.c:263
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
-msgstr "Error en suprimir la branca remota '%s'"
+msgid "Error deleting remote-tracking branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Error en suprimir la branca amb seguiment remot «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:261
+#: builtin/branch.c:264
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
-msgstr "Error en suprimir la branca '%s'"
+msgstr "Error en suprimir la branca «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:268
+#: builtin/branch.c:271
 #, c-format
-msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
-msgstr "S'ha suprimit la branca remota %s (ha estat %s).\n"
+msgid "Deleted remote-tracking branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "S'ha suprimit la branca amb seguiment remot %s (era %s).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:269
+#: builtin/branch.c:272
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
-msgstr "S'ha suprimit la branca %s (ha estat %s).\n"
+msgstr "S'ha suprimit la branca %s (era %s).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:370
-#, c-format
-msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
-msgstr "la branca '%s' no assenyala cap comissió"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:459
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: gone]"
-msgstr "[%s: no hi és]"
+#: builtin/branch.c:417 builtin/tag.c:58
+msgid "unable to parse format string"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar la cadena de format"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:464
+#: builtin/branch.c:450
 #, c-format
-msgid "[%s]"
-msgstr "[%s]"
+msgid "Branch %s is being rebased at %s"
+msgstr "S'està fent «rebase» en la branca %s a %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:469
+#: builtin/branch.c:454
 #, c-format
-msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
-msgstr "[%s: darrere per %d]"
+msgid "Branch %s is being bisected at %s"
+msgstr "La branca %s s'està bisecant a %s"
 
 #: builtin/branch.c:471
-#, c-format
-msgid "[behind %d]"
-msgstr "[darrere de %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:475
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
-msgstr "[%s: davant per %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:477
-#, c-format
-msgid "[ahead %d]"
-msgstr "[davant de %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:480
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
-msgstr "[%s: davant per %d, darrere per %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:483
-#, c-format
-msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
-msgstr "[davant %d, darrere %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:496
-msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
-msgstr " **** referència no vàlida ****"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:587
-#, c-format
-msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
-msgstr "(cap branca, rebasant %s)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:590
-#, c-format
-msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
-msgstr "(cap branca, bisecció començada en %s)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:593
-#, c-format
-msgid "(detached from %s)"
-msgstr "(separat de %s)"
+msgid "cannot copy the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr "no es pot copiar branca actual mentre no s'és a cap."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:596
-msgid "(no branch)"
-msgstr "(cap branca)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:643
-#, c-format
-msgid "object '%s' does not point to a commit"
-msgstr "l'objecte '%s' no assenyala cap comissió"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:691
-msgid "some refs could not be read"
-msgstr "no s'han pogut llegir algunes referències"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:704
+#: builtin/branch.c:473
 msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
 msgstr "no es pot canviar el nom de la branca actual mentre no s'és a cap."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:714
+#: builtin/branch.c:484
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
-msgstr "Nom de branca no vàlid: '%s'"
+msgstr "Nom de branca no vàlid: «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:729
+#: builtin/branch.c:511
 msgid "Branch rename failed"
 msgstr "El canvi de nom de branca ha fallat"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:733
+#: builtin/branch.c:513
+msgid "Branch copy failed"
+msgstr "La còpia de la branca ha fallat"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:517
+#, c-format
+msgid "Created a copy of a misnamed branch '%s'"
+msgstr "S'ha creat una còpia d'una branca mal anomenada «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:520
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
-msgstr "S'ha canviat el nom de la branca malanomenada '%s'"
+msgstr "S'ha canviat el nom de la branca mal anomenada «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:737
+#: builtin/branch.c:526
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
 msgstr "S'ha canviat el nom de la branca a %s, però HEAD no està actualitzat!"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:744
+#: builtin/branch.c:535
 msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
 msgstr ""
 "La branca està canviada de nom, però l'actualització del fitxer de "
 "configuració ha fallat"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:759
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name %s"
-msgstr "nom d'objecte %s mal format"
+#: builtin/branch.c:537
+msgid "Branch is copied, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr ""
+"La branca està copiada, però l'actualització del fitxer de configuració ha "
+"fallat"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:783
+#: builtin/branch.c:553
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure la plantilla de descripció de branca: %s"
+msgid ""
+"Please edit the description for the branch\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be stripped.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Editeu la descripció de la branca\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"S'eliminaran les línies que comencin amb '%c'.\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:813
+#: builtin/branch.c:586
 msgid "Generic options"
 msgstr "Opcions genèriques"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:815
+#: builtin/branch.c:588
 msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
-msgstr "mostra el hash i el tema, doneu dues vegades per la branca font"
+msgstr "mostra el hash i l'assumpte, doneu dues vegades per la branca font"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:816
+#: builtin/branch.c:589
 msgid "suppress informational messages"
 msgstr "omet els missatges informatius"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:817
+#: builtin/branch.c:590
 msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
 msgstr "configura el mode de seguiment (vegeu git-pull(1))"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:819
-msgid "change upstream info"
+#: builtin/branch.c:592
+msgid "do not use"
+msgstr "no usar"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:594
+msgid "upstream"
+msgstr "font"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:594
+msgid "change the upstream info"
 msgstr "canvia la informació de font"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:823
+#: builtin/branch.c:595
+msgid "Unset the upstream info"
+msgstr "Desassigna la informació de font"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:596
 msgid "use colored output"
 msgstr "usa sortida colorada"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:824
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
 msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "actua en branques amb seguiment remot"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:827 builtin/branch.c:833 builtin/branch.c:854
-#: builtin/branch.c:860 builtin/commit.c:1586 builtin/commit.c:1587
-#: builtin/commit.c:1588 builtin/commit.c:1589 builtin/tag.c:616
-#: builtin/tag.c:622
-msgid "commit"
-msgstr "comissió"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:828 builtin/branch.c:834
+#: builtin/branch.c:599 builtin/branch.c:601
 msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
 msgstr "imprimeix només les branques que continguin la comissió"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:840
+#: builtin/branch.c:600 builtin/branch.c:602
+msgid "print only branches that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "imprimeix només les branques que no continguin la comissió"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:605
 msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
 msgstr "Accions de git-branch específiques:"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:841
+#: builtin/branch.c:606
 msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "llista les branques amb seguiment remot i les locals"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:843
+#: builtin/branch.c:608
 msgid "delete fully merged branch"
-msgstr "suprimeix la branca si és completament fusionada"
+msgstr "suprimeix la branca si està completament fusionada"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:844
+#: builtin/branch.c:609
 msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
 msgstr "suprimeix la branca (encara que no estigui fusionada)"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:845
+#: builtin/branch.c:610
 msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
 msgstr "mou/canvia de nom una branca i el seu registre de referència"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:846
+#: builtin/branch.c:611
 msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
 msgstr "mou/canvia de nom una branca, encara que el destí existeixi"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:847
+#: builtin/branch.c:612
+msgid "copy a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr "copia una branca i el seu registre de referència"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:613
+msgid "copy a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr "copia una branca, encara que el destí existeixi"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:614
 msgid "list branch names"
 msgstr "llista els noms de branca"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:848
+#: builtin/branch.c:615
 msgid "create the branch's reflog"
 msgstr "crea el registre de referència de la branca"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:850
+#: builtin/branch.c:617
 msgid "edit the description for the branch"
 msgstr "edita la descripció de la branca"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:851
+#: builtin/branch.c:618
 msgid "force creation, move/rename, deletion"
 msgstr "força creació, moviment/canvi de nom, supressió"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:854
-msgid "print only not merged branches"
-msgstr "imprimeix només les branques sense fusionar"
+#: builtin/branch.c:619
+msgid "print only branches that are merged"
+msgstr "imprimeix només les branques que s'han fusionat"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:860
-msgid "print only merged branches"
-msgstr "imprimeix només les branques fusionades"
+#: builtin/branch.c:620
+msgid "print only branches that are not merged"
+msgstr "imprimeix només les branques que no s'han fusionat"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:864
+#: builtin/branch.c:621
 msgid "list branches in columns"
 msgstr "llista les branques en columnes"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:877
-msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en resoldre HEAD com a referència vàlida."
+#: builtin/branch.c:622 builtin/for-each-ref.c:40 builtin/tag.c:411
+msgid "key"
+msgstr "clau"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:623 builtin/for-each-ref.c:41 builtin/tag.c:412
+msgid "field name to sort on"
+msgstr "nom del camp en el qual ordenar"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:625 builtin/for-each-ref.c:43 builtin/notes.c:408
+#: builtin/notes.c:411 builtin/notes.c:571 builtin/notes.c:574
+#: builtin/tag.c:414
+msgid "object"
+msgstr "objecte"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:626
+msgid "print only branches of the object"
+msgstr "imprimeix només les branques de l'objecte"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:881 builtin/clone.c:637
+#: builtin/branch.c:628 builtin/for-each-ref.c:49 builtin/tag.c:421
+msgid "sorting and filtering are case insensitive"
+msgstr "l'ordenació i el filtratge distingeixen entre majúscules i minúscules"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:629 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38 builtin/tag.c:419
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format to use for the output"
+msgstr "format a usar en la sortida"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:652 builtin/clone.c:735
 msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
 msgstr "HEAD no trobat sota refs/heads!"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:903
+#: builtin/branch.c:675
 msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column i --verbose són incompatibles"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:914 builtin/branch.c:953
+#: builtin/branch.c:690 builtin/branch.c:742 builtin/branch.c:751
 msgid "branch name required"
 msgstr "cal el nom de branca"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:929
+#: builtin/branch.c:718
 msgid "Cannot give description to detached HEAD"
 msgstr "No es pot donar descripció a un HEAD separat"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:934
+#: builtin/branch.c:723
 msgid "cannot edit description of more than one branch"
 msgstr "no es pot editar la descripció de més d'una branca"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:941
+#: builtin/branch.c:730
 #, c-format
 msgid "No commit on branch '%s' yet."
-msgstr "Encara no hi ha comissió en la branca '%s'."
+msgstr "Encara no hi ha cap comissió en la branca «%s»."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:944
+#: builtin/branch.c:733
 #, c-format
 msgid "No branch named '%s'."
-msgstr "No hi ha branca amb nom '%s'."
+msgstr "No hi ha cap branca amb nom «%s»."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:748
+msgid "too many branches for a copy operation"
+msgstr "hi ha massa branques per a una operació de còpia"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:959
-msgid "too many branches for a rename operation"
-msgstr "hi ha massa branques per a una operació de canvi de nom"
+#: builtin/branch.c:757
+msgid "too many arguments for a rename operation"
+msgstr "hi ha massa arguments per a una operació remota"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:964
-msgid "too many branches to set new upstream"
-msgstr "hi ha massa branques per a establir una nova font"
+#: builtin/branch.c:762
+msgid "too many arguments to set new upstream"
+msgstr "hi ha massa arguments per a establir una nova font"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:968
+#: builtin/branch.c:766
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when it does not point to any branch."
 msgstr ""
 "no s'ha pogut establir la font de HEAD com a %s quan no assenyala cap branca."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:971 builtin/branch.c:993 builtin/branch.c:1014
+#: builtin/branch.c:769 builtin/branch.c:791 builtin/branch.c:807
 #, c-format
 msgid "no such branch '%s'"
-msgstr "no hi ha tal branca '%s'"
+msgstr "no hi ha tal branca «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:975
+#: builtin/branch.c:773
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
-msgstr "la branca '%s' no existeix"
+msgstr "la branca «%s» no existeix"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:987
-msgid "too many branches to unset upstream"
-msgstr "hi ha massa branques per a desestablir la font"
+#: builtin/branch.c:785
+msgid "too many arguments to unset upstream"
+msgstr "hi ha massa arguments per a desassignar la font"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:991
+#: builtin/branch.c:789
 msgid "could not unset upstream of HEAD when it does not point to any branch."
 msgstr ""
-"no s'ha pogut desestablir la font de HEAD perquè no assenyala cap branca."
+"no s'ha pogut desassignar la font de HEAD perquè no assenyala cap branca."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:997
+#: builtin/branch.c:795
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
-msgstr "La branca '%s' no té informació de font"
+msgstr "La branca «%s» no té informació de font"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1011
-msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
-msgstr "no té sentit crear 'HEAD' manualment"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1017
+#: builtin/branch.c:810
 msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
 msgstr ""
 "les opcions -a i -r a 'git branch' no tenen sentit amb un nom de branca"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1020
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
-"track or --set-upstream-to\n"
-msgstr ""
-"La bandera --set-upstream està desaprovada i s'eliminarà. Considereu usar --"
-"track o --set-upstream-to\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1037
-#, c-format
+#: builtin/branch.c:813
 msgid ""
-"\n"
-"If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
-"\n"
+"the '--set-upstream' option is no longer supported. Please use '--track' or "
+"'--set-upstream-to' instead."
 msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"Si volíeu fer '%s' seguir '%s', feu això:\n"
-"\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1038
-#, c-format
-msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
-msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
+"L'opció --set-upstream ja no està suportada. Useu en comptes --track o --set-"
+"upstream-to."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1039
-#, c-format
-msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
-msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#: builtin/bundle.c:45
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is okay\n"
 msgstr "%s està bé\n"
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+#: builtin/bundle.c:58
 msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
 msgstr "Cal un dipòsit per a fer un farcell."
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+#: builtin/bundle.c:62
 msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
 msgstr "Cal un dipòsit per a desfer un farcell."
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:328
-msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
-msgstr "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<tipus>|--textconv) <objecte>"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:523
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <type> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<path>] <object>"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <tipus> | --textconv | --filters [--path=<camí>]) <objecte>"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:329
-msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
-msgstr "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <llista_de_objectes>"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:524
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:366
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:561
 msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 msgstr "<tipus> pot ser un de: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:367
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:562
 msgid "show object type"
 msgstr "mostra el tipus de l'objecte"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:368
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:563
 msgid "show object size"
 msgstr "mostra la mida de l'objecte"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:370
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:565
 msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
 msgstr "surt amb zero quan no hi ha error"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:371
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:566
 msgid "pretty-print object's content"
 msgstr "imprimeix bellament el contingut de l'objecte"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:373
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:568
 msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
 msgstr "en els objectes de blob, executa textconv en el contingut de l'objecte"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:375
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:570
+msgid "for blob objects, run filters on object's content"
+msgstr ""
+"en els objectes de blob, executa els filtres en el contingut de l'objecte"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:571 git-submodule.sh:878
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr "blob"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:572
+msgid "use a specific path for --textconv/--filters"
+msgstr "usa un camí específic per a --textconv/--filters"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:574
+msgid "allow -s and -t to work with broken/corrupt objects"
+msgstr "permet que -s i -t funcionin amb objectes trencats/malmesos"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:575
+msgid "buffer --batch output"
+msgstr "posa la sortida de --batch en memòria intermèdia"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:577
 msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr ""
 "mostra la informació i contingut dels objectes rebuts de l'entrada estàndard"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:378
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:580
 msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr "mostra informació sobre els objectes rebuts de l'entrada estàndard"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:11
-msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname..."
-msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | atribut...] [--] nom-de-camí..."
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:583
+msgid "follow in-tree symlinks (used with --batch or --batch-check)"
+msgstr ""
+"segueix els enllaços simbòlics en l'arbre (s'usa amb --batch o --batch-check)"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:585
+msgid "show all objects with --batch or --batch-check"
+msgstr "mostra tots els objectes amb --batch o --batch-check"
 
 #: builtin/check-attr.c:12
-msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>"
-msgstr ""
-"git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | atribut...] < <llista-de-camins>"
+msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | <attr>...] [--] <pathname>..."
+msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | <atribut>...] [--] <nom-de-camí>..."
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:19
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:13
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...]"
+msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <atribut>...]"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
 msgid "report all attributes set on file"
 msgstr "informa de tots els atributs establerts en el fitxer"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21
 msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
 msgstr "usa .gitattributes només des de l'índex"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/check-ignore.c:22 builtin/hash-object.c:98
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:22 builtin/check-ignore.c:24 builtin/hash-object.c:100
 msgid "read file names from stdin"
-msgstr "llegeix els noms de fitxer d'stdin"
+msgstr "llegeix els noms de fitxer de stdin"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:23 builtin/check-ignore.c:24
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:24 builtin/check-ignore.c:26
 msgid "terminate input and output records by a NUL character"
 msgstr "acaba els registres d'entrada i de sortida amb un caràcter NUL"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:18 builtin/checkout.c:1107 builtin/gc.c:274
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:20 builtin/checkout.c:1106 builtin/gc.c:358
 msgid "suppress progress reporting"
-msgstr "omet el reportatge de progrés"
+msgstr "omet els informes de progrés"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:26
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
 msgid "show non-matching input paths"
 msgstr "mostra els camins d'entrada que no coincideixin"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:30
 msgid "ignore index when checking"
 msgstr "ignora l'índex en comprovar"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:154
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
 msgid "cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
-msgstr "no es pot especificar noms de camí amb --stdin"
+msgstr "no es poden especificar noms de camí amb --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:157
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:162
 msgid "-z only makes sense with --stdin"
 msgstr "-z només té sentit amb --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:164
 msgid "no path specified"
 msgstr "cap camí especificat"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:163
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
 msgid "--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
 msgstr "--quiet només és vàlid amb un sol nom de camí"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:165
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:170
 msgid "cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"
-msgstr "no es pot tenir ambdós --quiet i --verbose"
+msgstr "no es poden especificar --quiet i --verbose alhora"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:173
 msgid "--non-matching is only valid with --verbose"
 msgstr "--non-matching és vàlid només amb --verbose"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:8
-msgid "git check-mailmap [options] <contact>..."
-msgstr "git check-mailmap [opcions] <contacte>..."
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:9
+msgid "git check-mailmap [<options>] <contact>..."
+msgstr "git check-mailmap [<opcions>] <contacte>..."
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:13
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:14
 msgid "also read contacts from stdin"
-msgstr "també llegeix els contactes des d'stdin"
+msgstr "també llegeix els contactes des de stdin"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:24
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:25
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse contact: %s"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar el contacte: %s"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:47
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:48
 msgid "no contacts specified"
 msgstr "no hi ha contactes especificats"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
-msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git checkout-index [opcions] [--] [<fitxer>...]"
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:128
+msgid "git checkout-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git checkout-index [<opcions>] [--] [<fitxer>...]"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:188
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:143
+msgid "stage should be between 1 and 3 or all"
+msgstr "«stage» ha de ser entre 1 i 3 o all"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:159
 msgid "check out all files in the index"
 msgstr "agafa tots els fitxers en l'índex"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:189
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:160
 msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
 msgstr "força la sobreescriptura de fitxers existents"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:191
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:162
 msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
-msgstr "cap avís per a fitxers existents i fitxers no en l'índex"
+msgstr ""
+"cap advertència per a fitxers existents i fitxers que no siguin a l'índex"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:193
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:164
 msgid "don't checkout new files"
 msgstr "no agafis fitxers nous"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:195
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:166
 msgid "update stat information in the index file"
 msgstr "actualitza la informació d'estadístiques en el fitxer d'índex"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:201
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:170
 msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
 msgstr "llegeix la llista de camins des de l'entrada estàndard"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:203
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:172
 msgid "write the content to temporary files"
 msgstr "escriu el contingut a fitxers temporals"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:204 builtin/column.c:30
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:173 builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1203 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1206
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1212 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1574
+#: builtin/worktree.c:570
 msgid "string"
 msgstr "cadena"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:205
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:174
 msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
 msgstr "en crear fitxers, anteposa <cadena>"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:208
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:176
 msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
-msgstr "copia els fitxers des de l'etapa anomenada"
+msgstr "copia els fitxers des de «stage» amb nom"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:25
-msgid "git checkout [options] <branch>"
-msgstr "git checkout [opcions] <branca>"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:27
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] <branch>"
+msgstr "git checkout [<opcions>] <branca>"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:26
-msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
-msgstr "git checkout [opcions] [<branca>] -- <fitxer>..."
+#: builtin/checkout.c:28
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
+msgstr "git checkout [<opcions>] [<branca>] -- <fitxer>..."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:132 builtin/checkout.c:165
+#: builtin/checkout.c:136 builtin/checkout.c:169
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
-msgstr "el camí '%s' no té la versió nostra"
+msgstr "el camí «%s» no té la nostra versió"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:134 builtin/checkout.c:167
+#: builtin/checkout.c:138 builtin/checkout.c:171
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
-msgstr "el camí '%s' no té la versió seva"
+msgstr "el camí «%s» no té la seva versió"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:150
+#: builtin/checkout.c:154
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
-msgstr "el camí '%s' no té totes les versions necessàries"
+msgstr "el camí «%s» no té totes les versions necessàries"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:194
+#: builtin/checkout.c:198
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
-msgstr "el camí '%s' no té les versions necessàries"
+msgstr "el camí «%s» no té les versions necessàries"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:211
+#: builtin/checkout.c:215
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
-msgstr "camí '%s': no es pot fusionar"
+msgstr "camí «%s»: no es pot fusionar"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:228
+#: builtin/checkout.c:231
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut afegir el resultat de fusió per a '%s'"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut afegir el resultat de fusió per a «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:249 builtin/checkout.c:252 builtin/checkout.c:255
-#: builtin/checkout.c:258
+#: builtin/checkout.c:253 builtin/checkout.c:256 builtin/checkout.c:259
+#: builtin/checkout.c:262
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
-msgstr "'%s' no es pot usar amb actualització de camins"
+msgstr "«%s» no es pot usar amb actualització de camins"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:261 builtin/checkout.c:264
+#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:268
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
-msgstr "'%s' no es pot usar amb %s"
+msgstr "«%s» no es pot usar amb %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:267
+#: builtin/checkout.c:271
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
 msgstr ""
-"No es pot actualitzar els camins i canviar a la branca '%s' a la vegada."
+"No es poden actualitzar els camins i canviar a la branca «%s» a la vegada."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:278 builtin/checkout.c:467
-msgid "corrupt index file"
-msgstr "fitxer d'índex corrupte"
-
-#: builtin/checkout.c:338 builtin/checkout.c:345
+#: builtin/checkout.c:340 builtin/checkout.c:347
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
-msgstr "el camí '%s' està sense fusionar"
+msgstr "el camí «%s» està sense fusionar"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:489
+#: builtin/checkout.c:505
 msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
-msgstr "heu de resoldre el vostre índex actual primer"
+msgstr "heu de primer resoldre el vostre índex actual"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:615
+#: builtin/checkout.c:636
 #, c-format
-msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
-msgstr "No es pot fer reflog per a '%s'\n"
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "No es pot fer reflog per a «%s»: %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:653
+#: builtin/checkout.c:677
 msgid "HEAD is now at"
 msgstr "HEAD ara és a"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:660
+#: builtin/checkout.c:681 builtin/clone.c:689
+msgid "unable to update HEAD"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut actualitzar HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:685
 #, c-format
 msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
-msgstr "Restableix la branca '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Restableix la branca «%s»\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:663
+#: builtin/checkout.c:688
 #, c-format
 msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
-msgstr "Ja en '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Ja en «%s»\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:667
+#: builtin/checkout.c:692
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
-msgstr "S'ha agafat i restablert la branca '%s'\n"
+msgstr "S'ha canviat i restablert a la branca «%s»\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:669 builtin/checkout.c:1050
+#: builtin/checkout.c:694 builtin/checkout.c:1039
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
-msgstr "S'ha agafat la branca nova '%s'\n"
+msgstr "S'ha canviat a la branca nova «%s»\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:671
+#: builtin/checkout.c:696
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
-msgstr "S'ha agafat la branca '%s'\n"
+msgstr "S'ha canviat a la branca «%s»\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:723
+#: builtin/checkout.c:747
 #, c-format
 msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
 msgstr " ... i %d més.\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:729
+#: builtin/checkout.c:753
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
@@ -3500,178 +6654,199 @@ msgid_plural ""
 "\n"
 "%s\n"
 msgstr[0] ""
-"Avís: esteu deixant enrere %d comissió, no connectada a\n"
-"cap de les vostres branques:\n"
+"Advertència: esteu deixant enrere %d comissió, no\n"
+"connectada a cap de les vostres branques:\n"
 "\n"
 "%s\n"
 msgstr[1] ""
-"Avís: esteu deixant enrere %d comissions, no connectades a\n"
-"cap de les vostres branques:\n"
+"Advertència: esteu deixant enrere %d comissions, no\n"
+"connectades a cap de les vostres branques:\n"
 "\n"
 "%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:747
+#: builtin/checkout.c:772
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
+"If you want to keep it by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgid_plural ""
 "If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
 "to do so with:\n"
 "\n"
-" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
 "\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Si els voleu retenir per a crear una branca nova, ara pot ser un bon moment\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Si la voleu mantenir creant una branca nova, ara pot ser un bon moment\n"
 "per a fer-ho amb:\n"
 "\n"
-" git branch nom_de_branca_nova %s\n"
+" git branch <nom-de-branca-nova> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Si les voleu mantenir creant una branca nova, ara pot ser un bon moment\n"
+"per a fer-ho amb:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <nom-de-branca-nova> %s\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:777
+#: builtin/checkout.c:804
 msgid "internal error in revision walk"
 msgstr "error intern en el passeig per revisions"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:781
+#: builtin/checkout.c:808
 msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
 msgstr "La posició de HEAD anterior era"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:808 builtin/checkout.c:1045
+#: builtin/checkout.c:836 builtin/checkout.c:1034
 msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
-msgstr "Sou en una branca que encara ha de nàixer"
+msgstr "Sou en una branca que encara ha de néixer"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:952
+#: builtin/checkout.c:940
 #, c-format
 msgid "only one reference expected, %d given."
-msgstr "només una referència esperada, %d donades."
+msgstr "s'esperava només una referència, s'han donat %d."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:991
+#: builtin/checkout.c:980 builtin/worktree.c:249
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid reference: %s"
 msgstr "referència no vàlida: %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1020
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1009
 #, c-format
 msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
 msgstr "la referència no és un arbre: %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1059
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1048
 msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr "els camins no es poden usar amb canvi de branca"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1062 builtin/checkout.c:1066
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1051 builtin/checkout.c:1055
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
-msgstr "'%s' no es pot usar amb canvi de branca"
+msgstr "«%s» no es pot usar amb canvi de branca"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1070 builtin/checkout.c:1073 builtin/checkout.c:1078
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1081
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1059 builtin/checkout.c:1062 builtin/checkout.c:1067
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1070
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
-msgstr "'%s' no es pot usar amb '%s'"
+msgstr "«%s» no es pot usar amb «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1086
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1075
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
-msgstr "No es pot canviar la branca a una no comissió '%s'"
+msgstr "No es pot canviar la branca a la no comissió «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1108 builtin/checkout.c:1110 builtin/clone.c:90
-#: builtin/remote.c:159 builtin/remote.c:161
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1107 builtin/checkout.c:1109 builtin/clone.c:116
+#: builtin/remote.c:166 builtin/remote.c:168 builtin/worktree.c:387
+#: builtin/worktree.c:389
 msgid "branch"
 msgstr "branca"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1109
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1108
 msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
 msgstr "crea i agafa una branca nova"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1111
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1110
 msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
 msgstr "crea/restableix i agafa una branca"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1112
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1111
 msgid "create reflog for new branch"
 msgstr "crea un registre de referència per a la branca nova"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1113
-msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
-msgstr "separa el HEAD a la comissió anomenada"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1112 builtin/worktree.c:391
+msgid "detach HEAD at named commit"
+msgstr "separa HEAD a la comissió anomenada"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1114
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1113
 msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
 msgstr "estableix la informació de font de la branca nova"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1115
 msgid "new-branch"
 msgstr "branca-nova"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1115
 msgid "new unparented branch"
-msgstr "branca nova sense mare"
+msgstr "branca òrfena nova"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1117
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
 msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
 msgstr "agafa la versió nostra dels fitxers sense fusionar"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1119
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1118
 msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
 msgstr "agafa la versió seva dels fitxers sense fusionar"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1121
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1120
 msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
-msgstr "agafa a la força (descarta qualsevulles modificacions locals)"
+msgstr "agafa a la força (descarta qualsevol modificació local)"
 
 #: builtin/checkout.c:1122
 msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
 msgstr "realitza una fusió de 3 vies amb la branca nova"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1123 builtin/merge.c:227
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1124 builtin/merge.c:239
 msgid "update ignored files (default)"
 msgstr "actualitza els fitxers ignorats (per defecte)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1124 builtin/log.c:1239 parse-options.h:245
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1126 builtin/log.c:1499 parse-options.h:263
 msgid "style"
 msgstr "estil"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1127
 msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
 msgstr "estil de conflicte (fusió o diff3)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1128
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1130
 msgid "do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only"
-msgstr "no limitis les especificacions de camí només a entrades escasses"
+msgstr "no limitis les especificacions de camí només a entrades disperses"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1130
-msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
-msgstr "dubta 'git checkout cap-branca-així'"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1132
+msgid "second guess 'git checkout <no-such-branch>'"
+msgstr "dubta 'git checkout <cap-branca-així>'"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1153
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1134
+msgid "do not check if another worktree is holding the given ref"
+msgstr "no comprovis si altre arbre de treball té la referència donada"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1138 builtin/clone.c:83 builtin/fetch.c:150
+#: builtin/merge.c:236 builtin/pull.c:123 builtin/push.c:556
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:173
+msgid "force progress reporting"
+msgstr "força l'informe de progrés"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1168
 msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
-msgstr "-b, -B i --orphan són mutualment exclusius"
+msgstr "-b, -B i --orphan són mútuament excloents"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1170
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1185
 msgid "--track needs a branch name"
 msgstr "--track necessita un nom de branca"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1175
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1190
 msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
 msgstr "Manca el nom de branca; proveu -b"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1212
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1226
 msgid "invalid path specification"
 msgstr "especificació de camí no vàlida"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1219
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1233
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
-"Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit and a branch '%s' cannot be created from it"
 msgstr ""
-"No es poden actualitzar els camins i canviar a la branca '%s' a la vegada.\n"
-"Volíeu agafar '%s', la qual no es pot resoldre com a comissió?"
+"«%s» no és una comissió i la branca «%s» no es pot crear a partir d'aquesta "
+"comissió"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1224
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1237
 #, c-format
 msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
-msgstr "git checkout: --detach no accepta un paràmetre de camí '%s'"
+msgstr "git checkout: --detach no accepta un paràmetre de camí «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1228
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1241
 msgid ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
 "checking out of the index."
@@ -3688,7 +6863,7 @@ msgstr ""
 #: builtin/clean.c:30
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing %s\n"
-msgstr "Eliminant %s\n"
+msgstr "S'està eliminant %s\n"
 
 #: builtin/clean.c:31
 #, c-format
@@ -3698,31 +6873,33 @@ msgstr "Eliminaria %s\n"
 #: builtin/clean.c:32
 #, c-format
 msgid "Skipping repository %s\n"
-msgstr "Saltant el dipòsit %s\n"
+msgstr "S'està ometent el dipòsit %s\n"
 
 #: builtin/clean.c:33
 #, c-format
 msgid "Would skip repository %s\n"
-msgstr "Saltaria el dipòsit %s\n"
+msgstr "Ometria el dipòsit %s\n"
 
 #: builtin/clean.c:34
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to remove %s"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en eliminar %s"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en eliminar %s"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:295
+#: builtin/clean.c:302 git-add--interactive.perl:572
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Prompt help:\n"
 "1          - select a numbered item\n"
 "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
-"           - (empty) select nothing"
+"           - (empty) select nothing\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Ajuda d'avís:\n"
+"Ajuda:\n"
 "1          - selecciona un ítem numerat\n"
 "foo        - selecciona un ítem basat en un prefix únic\n"
-"           - (buit) no seleccionis res"
+"           - (buit) no seleccionis res\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:299
+#: builtin/clean.c:306 git-add--interactive.perl:581
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Prompt help:\n"
 "1          - select a single item\n"
@@ -3731,46 +6908,49 @@ msgid ""
 "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
 "-...       - unselect specified items\n"
 "*          - choose all items\n"
-"           - (empty) finish selecting"
+"           - (empty) finish selecting\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Ajuda d'avís:\n"
+"Ajuda:\n"
 "1          - selecciona un sol ítem\n"
 "3-5        - selecciona un rang d'ítems\n"
 "2-3,6-9    - selecciona múltiples rangs\n"
 "foo        - selecciona un ítem basat en un prefix únic\n"
 "-...       - desselecciona els ítems seleccionats\n"
 "*          - tria tots els ítems\n"
-"           - (buit) finalitza la selecció"
+"           - (buit) finalitza la selecció\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:517
-#, c-format
-msgid "Huh (%s)?"
-msgstr "Perdó (%s)?"
+#: builtin/clean.c:522 git-add--interactive.perl:547
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:552
+#, c-format, perl-format
+msgid "Huh (%s)?\n"
+msgstr "Perdó (%s)?\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:659
+#: builtin/clean.c:664
 #, c-format
 msgid "Input ignore patterns>> "
 msgstr "Introduïu els patrons a ignorar>> "
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:696
+#: builtin/clean.c:701
 #, c-format
 msgid "WARNING: Cannot find items matched by: %s"
-msgstr "AV�S: No es pot trobar ítems que coincideixin amb: %s"
+msgstr "ADVERTÈNCIA: No es poden trobar ítems que coincideixin amb: %s"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:717
+#: builtin/clean.c:722
 msgid "Select items to delete"
 msgstr "Selecciona els ítems a suprimir"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:757
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to keep [y/N] as is
+#: builtin/clean.c:763
 #, c-format
-msgid "remove %s? "
-msgstr "eliminar %s? "
+msgid "Remove %s [y/N]? "
+msgstr "Voleu eliminar %s [y/N]? "
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:782
-msgid "Bye."
-msgstr "Adéu."
+#: builtin/clean.c:788 git-add--interactive.perl:1710
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bye.\n"
+msgstr "Adeu.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:790
+#: builtin/clean.c:796
 msgid ""
 "clean               - start cleaning\n"
 "filter by pattern   - exclude items from deletion\n"
@@ -3788,448 +6968,450 @@ msgstr ""
 "help                - aquesta pantalla\n"
 "?                   - ajuda de selecció de l'avís"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:817
+#: builtin/clean.c:823 git-add--interactive.perl:1786
 msgid "*** Commands ***"
 msgstr "*** Ordres ***"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:818
+#: builtin/clean.c:824 git-add--interactive.perl:1783
 msgid "What now"
-msgstr "Què ara"
+msgstr "I ara què"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:826
+#: builtin/clean.c:832
 msgid "Would remove the following item:"
 msgid_plural "Would remove the following items:"
 msgstr[0] "Eliminaria l'ítem següent:"
 msgstr[1] "Eliminaria els ítems següents:"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:843
+#: builtin/clean.c:848
 msgid "No more files to clean, exiting."
-msgstr "No hi ha més fitxers a netejar; sortint."
+msgstr "No hi ha més fitxers a netejar; s'està sortint."
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:874
+#: builtin/clean.c:910
 msgid "do not print names of files removed"
 msgstr "no imprimeixis els noms dels fitxers eliminats"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:876
+#: builtin/clean.c:912
 msgid "force"
 msgstr "força"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:877
+#: builtin/clean.c:913
 msgid "interactive cleaning"
 msgstr "neteja interactiva"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:879
+#: builtin/clean.c:915
 msgid "remove whole directories"
 msgstr "elimina directoris sencers"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:880 builtin/describe.c:407 builtin/grep.c:714
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:486 builtin/name-rev.c:311 builtin/show-ref.c:185
+#: builtin/clean.c:916 builtin/describe.c:533 builtin/describe.c:535
+#: builtin/grep.c:871 builtin/log.c:157 builtin/log.c:159
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:548 builtin/name-rev.c:397 builtin/name-rev.c:399
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
 msgid "pattern"
 msgstr "patró"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:881
+#: builtin/clean.c:917
 msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
 msgstr "afegiu <patró> per a ignorar les regles"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:882
+#: builtin/clean.c:918
 msgid "remove ignored files, too"
 msgstr "elimina els fitxers ignorats, també"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:884
+#: builtin/clean.c:920
 msgid "remove only ignored files"
 msgstr "elimina només els fitxers ignorats"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:902
+#: builtin/clean.c:938
 msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
 msgstr "-x i -X no es poden usar junts"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:906
+#: builtin/clean.c:942
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce set to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; refusing to "
 "clean"
 msgstr ""
-"clean.requireForce està establerta a veritat i ni -i, -n ni -f s'ha donat; "
+"clean.requireForce està establerta en cert i ni -i, -n ni -f s'han indicat; "
 "refusant netejar"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:909
+#: builtin/clean.c:945
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; "
 "refusing to clean"
 msgstr ""
-"clean.requireForce és per defecte veritat i ni -i, -n ni -f s'ha donat; "
+"clean.requireForce és per defecte cert i ni -i, -n ni -f s'han indicat; "
 "refusant netejar"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:37
-msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
-msgstr "git clone [opcions] [--] <dipòsit> [<directori>]"
+#: builtin/clone.c:40
+msgid "git clone [<options>] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+msgstr "git clone [<opcions>] [--] <dipòsit> [<directori>]"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:66 builtin/fetch.c:112 builtin/merge.c:224
-#: builtin/push.c:514
-msgid "force progress reporting"
-msgstr "força l'informe de progrés"
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:68
+#: builtin/clone.c:85
 msgid "don't create a checkout"
-msgstr "no facis cap agafada"
+msgstr "no facis cap agafament"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:69 builtin/clone.c:71 builtin/init-db.c:496
+#: builtin/clone.c:86 builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/init-db.c:479
 msgid "create a bare repository"
 msgstr "crea un dipòsit nu"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:73
+#: builtin/clone.c:90
 msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
-msgstr "crea un dipòsit reflectit (implica bare)"
+msgstr "crea un dipòsit mirall (implica bare)"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:75
+#: builtin/clone.c:92
 msgid "to clone from a local repository"
 msgstr "per a clonar des d'un dipòsit local"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:77
+#: builtin/clone.c:94
 msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
 msgstr "no usis enllaços durs locals, sempre copia"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:79
+#: builtin/clone.c:96
 msgid "setup as shared repository"
 msgstr "configura com a dipòsit compartit"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:81 builtin/clone.c:83
+#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/clone.c:102
+msgid "pathspec"
+msgstr "especificació de camí"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/clone.c:102
 msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
-msgstr "initialitza els submòduls en el clon"
+msgstr "inicialitza els submòduls en el clon"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:493
+#: builtin/clone.c:105
+msgid "number of submodules cloned in parallel"
+msgstr "nombre de submòduls clonats en paral·lel"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:106 builtin/init-db.c:476
 msgid "template-directory"
 msgstr "directori-de-plantilla"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/init-db.c:494
+#: builtin/clone.c:107 builtin/init-db.c:477
 msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
-msgstr "directori del qual les plantilles s'usaran"
+msgstr "directori des del qual s'usaran les plantilles"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:87
+#: builtin/clone.c:109 builtin/clone.c:111 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1210
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1577
 msgid "reference repository"
 msgstr "dipòsit de referència"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/clone.c:113
+msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
+msgstr "usa --reference només en clonar"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:114 builtin/column.c:27 builtin/merge-file.c:44
 msgid "name"
 msgstr "nom"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:89
+#: builtin/clone.c:115
 msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
 msgstr "usa <nom> en lloc de 'origin' per a seguir la font"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:91
+#: builtin/clone.c:117
 msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
-msgstr "agafa <branca> en lloc del HEAD del remot"
+msgstr "agafa <branca> en lloc de la HEAD del remot"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:93
+#: builtin/clone.c:119
 msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
 msgstr "camí a git-upload-pack en el remot"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:94 builtin/fetch.c:113 builtin/grep.c:659
+#: builtin/clone.c:120 builtin/fetch.c:151 builtin/grep.c:813
+#: builtin/pull.c:211
 msgid "depth"
 msgstr "profunditat"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:95
+#: builtin/clone.c:121
 msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
 msgstr "crea un clon superficial de tal profunditat"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:97
+#: builtin/clone.c:122 builtin/fetch.c:153 builtin/pack-objects.c:3017
+#: parse-options.h:154
+msgid "time"
+msgstr "hora"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:123
+msgid "create a shallow clone since a specific time"
+msgstr "crea un clon superficial des d'una hora específica"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:124 builtin/fetch.c:155
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "revisió"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:125 builtin/fetch.c:156
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone, excluding rev"
+msgstr "aprofundeix la història d'un clon superficial, excloent una revisió"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:127
 msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
 msgstr "clona només una branca, HEAD o --branch"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:99
-msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
-msgstr "usa --reference només en clonar"
+#: builtin/clone.c:129
+msgid "don't clone any tags, and make later fetches not to follow them"
+msgstr ""
+"no cloneu cap etiqueta, i feu que els «fetch» següents no els segueixen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/init-db.c:502
+#: builtin/clone.c:131
+msgid "any cloned submodules will be shallow"
+msgstr "qualsevol submòdul clonat serà superficial"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:132 builtin/init-db.c:485
 msgid "gitdir"
 msgstr "directori de git"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:101 builtin/init-db.c:503
+#: builtin/clone.c:133 builtin/init-db.c:486
 msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
 msgstr "separa el directori de git de l'arbre de treball"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:102
+#: builtin/clone.c:134
 msgid "key=value"
-msgstr "calu=valor"
+msgstr "clau=valor"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:103
+#: builtin/clone.c:135
 msgid "set config inside the new repository"
 msgstr "estableix la configuració dins del dipòsit nou"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:256
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
-msgstr "el dipòsit de referència '%s' no és un dipòsit local."
+#: builtin/clone.c:136 builtin/fetch.c:173 builtin/pull.c:224
+#: builtin/push.c:567
+msgid "use IPv4 addresses only"
+msgstr "usa només adreces IPv4"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:260
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
-msgstr "el dipòsit de referència '%s' és superficial"
+#: builtin/clone.c:138 builtin/fetch.c:175 builtin/pull.c:227
+#: builtin/push.c:569
+msgid "use IPv6 addresses only"
+msgstr "usa només adreces IPv6"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:263
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
-msgstr "el dipòsit de referència '%s' és empeltat"
+#: builtin/clone.c:276
+msgid ""
+"No directory name could be guessed.\n"
+"Please specify a directory on the command line"
+msgstr ""
+"No s'ha pogut endevinar cap nom de directori.\n"
+"Especifiqueu un directori en la línia d'ordres"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:325
+#: builtin/clone.c:329
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en crear el directori '%s'"
+msgid "info: Could not add alternate for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "info: No s'ha pogut afegir un alternatiu per a «%s»: %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:327 builtin/diff.c:84
+#: builtin/clone.c:401
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en fer stat a '%s'"
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en obrir «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:329
+#: builtin/clone.c:409
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
-msgstr "%s existeix i no és un directori"
+msgstr "%s existeix i no és directori"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:343
+#: builtin/clone.c:423
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en fer stat a '%s'\n"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en fer stat a '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:365
+#: builtin/clone.c:445
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en crear l'enllaç '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en crear l'enllaç «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:369
+#: builtin/clone.c:449
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en copiar el fitxer a '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en copiar el fitxer a «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:392 builtin/clone.c:566
+#: builtin/clone.c:475
 #, c-format
 msgid "done.\n"
 msgstr "fet.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:404
+#: builtin/clone.c:489
 msgid ""
 "Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
 "You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
 "and retry the checkout with 'git checkout -f HEAD'\n"
 msgstr ""
-"La clonació ha tingut èxit, però l'agafada ha fallat.\n"
-"Podeu inspeccionar què s'ha agafat amb 'git status' i\n"
-"tornar a intentar l'agafada amb 'git checkout -f HEAD'\n"
+"El clonatge ha tingut èxit, però l'agafament ha\n"
+"fallat. Podeu inspeccionar què s'ha agafat amb\n"
+"'git status' i tornar a intentar l'agafament amb\n"
+"'git checkout -f HEAD'\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:481
+#: builtin/clone.c:566
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
 msgstr "No s'ha pogut trobar la branca remota %s per a clonar."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:561
-#, c-format
-msgid "Checking connectivity... "
-msgstr "Provant connectivitat... "
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:564
+#: builtin/clone.c:661
 msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
 msgstr "el remot no ha enviat tots els objectes necessaris"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:628
+#: builtin/clone.c:677
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to update %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut actualitzar %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:726
 msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"el HEAD remot es refereix a una referència que no existeix; no s'ha pogut "
+"la HEAD remot es refereix a una referència que no existeix; no s'ha pogut "
 "agafar.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:659
+#: builtin/clone.c:756
 msgid "unable to checkout working tree"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut agafar l'arbre de treball"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:746
+#: builtin/clone.c:801
+msgid "unable to write parameters to config file"
+msgstr "no s'han pogut escriure els paràmetres al fitxer de configuració"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:864
 msgid "cannot repack to clean up"
 msgstr "no es pot reempaquetar per a netejar"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:748
+#: builtin/clone.c:866
 msgid "cannot unlink temporary alternates file"
 msgstr "no es pot desenllaçar el fitxer d'alternatives temporal"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:778
+#: builtin/clone.c:906 builtin/receive-pack.c:1946
 msgid "Too many arguments."
 msgstr "Hi ha massa paràmetres."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:782
+#: builtin/clone.c:910
 msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
 msgstr "Heu d'especificar un dipòsit per a clonar."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:793
+#: builtin/clone.c:923
 #, c-format
 msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
 msgstr "les opcions --bare i --origin %s són incompatibles."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:796
+#: builtin/clone.c:926
 msgid "--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."
 msgstr "--bare i --separate-git-dir són incompatibles."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:809
+#: builtin/clone.c:939
 #, c-format
 msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
-msgstr "el dipòsit '%s' no existeix"
+msgstr "el dipòsit «%s» no existeix"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:815 builtin/fetch.c:1155
+#: builtin/clone.c:945 builtin/fetch.c:1455
 #, c-format
 msgid "depth %s is not a positive number"
 msgstr "la profunditat %s no és nombre positiu"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:825
+#: builtin/clone.c:955
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
-msgstr "el camí destí '%s' ja existeix i no és un directori buit."
+msgstr "el camí destí «%s» ja existeix i no és un directori buit."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:835
+#: builtin/clone.c:965
 #, c-format
 msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
-msgstr "l'arbre de treball '%s' ja existeix."
+msgstr "l'arbre de treball «%s» ja existeix."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:848 builtin/clone.c:860
+#: builtin/clone.c:980 builtin/clone.c:1001 builtin/difftool.c:270
+#: builtin/worktree.c:255 builtin/worktree.c:285
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut crear els directoris inicials de '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'han pogut crear els directoris inicials de «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:851
+#: builtin/clone.c:985
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut crear el directori d'arbre de treball '%s'."
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut crear el directori d'arbre de treball «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:870
+#: builtin/clone.c:1005
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
-msgstr "Clonant al dipòsit nu '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "S'està clonant al dipòsit nu «%s»...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:872
+#: builtin/clone.c:1007
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
-msgstr "Clonant a '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "S'està clonant a «%s»...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:897
-msgid "--dissociate given, but there is no --reference"
-msgstr "s'ha donat --dissociate, però no hi ha --reference"
+#: builtin/clone.c:1031
+msgid ""
+"clone --recursive is not compatible with both --reference and --reference-if-"
+"able"
+msgstr ""
+"clone --recursive no és compatible amb ambdós --reference i --reference-if-"
+"able"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:912
+#: builtin/clone.c:1093
 msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
 msgstr "--depth s'ignora en els clons locals; useu file:// en lloc d'això."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:915
+#: builtin/clone.c:1095
+msgid "--shallow-since is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--shallow-since s'ignora en els clons locals; useu file:// en lloc d'això."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1097
+msgid "--shallow-exclude is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--shallow-exclude s'ignora en els clons locals; useu file:// en lloc d'això."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1099
+msgid "--filter is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--filter s'ignora en els clons locals; useu file:// en lloc d'això."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1102
 msgid "source repository is shallow, ignoring --local"
-msgstr "el dipòsit font és superficial, ignorant --local"
+msgstr "el dipòsit font és superficial, s'està ignorant --local"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:920
+#: builtin/clone.c:1107
 msgid "--local is ignored"
 msgstr "--local s'ignora"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:924
-#, c-format
-msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
-msgstr "No es sap com clonar %s"
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:975 builtin/clone.c:983
+#: builtin/clone.c:1169 builtin/clone.c:1177
 #, c-format
 msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
 msgstr "La branca remota %s no es troba en la font %s"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:986
+#: builtin/clone.c:1180
 msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
 msgstr "Sembla que heu clonat un dipòsit buit."
 
-#: builtin/column.c:9
-msgid "git column [options]"
-msgstr "git column [opcions]"
+#: builtin/column.c:10
+msgid "git column [<options>]"
+msgstr "git column [<opcions>]"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:26
+#: builtin/column.c:27
 msgid "lookup config vars"
 msgstr "cerca les variables de configuració"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:27 builtin/column.c:28
+#: builtin/column.c:28 builtin/column.c:29
 msgid "layout to use"
-msgstr "pla a usar"
+msgstr "disposició a usar"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:29
+#: builtin/column.c:30
 msgid "Maximum width"
 msgstr "Amplada màxima"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:30
+#: builtin/column.c:31
 msgid "Padding space on left border"
 msgstr "Espai d'encoixinada en el marge esquerre"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/column.c:32
 msgid "Padding space on right border"
 msgstr "Espai d'encoixinada en el marge dret"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:32
+#: builtin/column.c:33
 msgid "Padding space between columns"
 msgstr "Espai d'encoixinada entre columnes"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:51
+#: builtin/column.c:52
 msgid "--command must be the first argument"
 msgstr "--command ha de ser el primer paràmetre"
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:37
-msgid "git commit [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git commit [opcions] [--] <especificació-de-camí>..."
+msgid "git commit [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git commit [<opcions>] [--] <especificació-de-camí>..."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:42
-msgid "git status [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git status [opcions] [--] <especificació-de-camí>..."
+msgid "git status [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git status [<opcions>] [--] <especificació-de-camí>..."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:47
 msgid ""
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
-"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
-"your configuration file:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global --edit\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-msgstr ""
-"S'han configurat el vostre nom i adreça de correu electrònic\n"
-"automàticament basats en el vostre nom d'usuari i nom de host. Si us\n"
-"plau, comproveu que siguin correctes. Podeu suprimir aquest missatge\n"
-"establint-los explícitament. Executeu l'ordre següent i seguiu les\n"
-"instruccions en el vostre editor per editar el vostre fitxer de\n"
-"configuració:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global --edit\n"
-"Després de fer això, podeu arreglar la identitat usada per a aquesta\n"
-"comissió amb:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:60
-msgid ""
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-msgstr ""
-"S'han configurat el vostre nom i adreça de correu electrònic\n"
-"automàticament basats en el vostre nom d'usuari i nom de host. Si us\n"
-"plau, comproveu que siguin correctes. Podeu suprimir aquest missatge\n"
-"establint-los explícitament:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"El Vostre Nom\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email tu@example.com\n"
-"\n"
-"Després de fer això, podeu arreglar la identitat usada per a aquesta\n"
-"comissió amb:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:72
-msgid ""
 "You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
 "it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
 "remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
@@ -4238,7 +7420,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "deixaria buida. Podeu repetir la vostra ordre amb --allow-empty, o\n"
 "podeu eliminar la comissió per complet amb \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:77
+#: builtin/commit.c:52
 msgid ""
 "The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
 "If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
@@ -4246,18 +7428,18 @@ msgid ""
 "    git commit --allow-empty\n"
 "\n"
 msgstr ""
-"El recull de cireres previ ja està buit, possiblement a causa de resolució "
-"de conflicte.\n"
+"El «cherry pick» previ ja està buit, possiblement a causa de resolució de "
+"conflicte.\n"
 "Si el voleu cometre de totes maneres, useu:\n"
 "\n"
 "    git commit --allow-empty\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:84
+#: builtin/commit.c:59
 msgid "Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
-msgstr "D'altra manera, si us plau, useu 'git reset'\n"
+msgstr "D'altra manera, useu «git reset»\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:87
+#: builtin/commit.c:62
 msgid ""
 "If you wish to skip this commit, use:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -4270,73 +7452,64 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git reset\n"
 "\n"
-"Llavors \"git cherry-pick --continue\" reprendrà recollint\n"
-"com a cireres les comissions restants.\n"
+"Llavors \"git cherry-pick --continue\" reprendrà\n"
+"com a «cherry pick» les comissions restants.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:302
+#: builtin/commit.c:284
 msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en desempaquetar l'objecte d'arbre HEAD"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en desempaquetar l'objecte d'arbre HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:342
+#: builtin/commit.c:325
 msgid "unable to create temporary index"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut crear un índex temporal"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:348
+#: builtin/commit.c:331
 msgid "interactive add failed"
 msgstr "l'afegiment interactiu ha fallat"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:359
-msgid "unable to write index file"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure el fitxer d'índex"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:361
+#: builtin/commit.c:344
 msgid "unable to update temporary index"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut actualitzar l'índex temporal"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:363
+#: builtin/commit.c:346
 msgid "Failed to update main cache tree"
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en actualitzar l'arbre principal de memòria cau"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en actualitzar l'arbre principal de memòria cau"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:387 builtin/commit.c:412 builtin/commit.c:461
+#: builtin/commit.c:371 builtin/commit.c:395 builtin/commit.c:444
 msgid "unable to write new_index file"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure el fitxer new_index"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:443
+#: builtin/commit.c:427
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
 msgstr "no es pot fer una comissió parcial durant una fusió."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:445
+#: builtin/commit.c:429
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
-msgstr "no es pot fer una comissió parcial durant un recull de cireres."
+msgstr "no es pot fer una comissió parcial durant un «cherry pick»."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:454
+#: builtin/commit.c:437
 msgid "cannot read the index"
 msgstr "no es pot llegir l'índex"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:473
+#: builtin/commit.c:456
 msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure un fitxer d'índex temporal"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:584
+#: builtin/commit.c:553
 #, c-format
 msgid "commit '%s' lacks author header"
-msgstr "a la comissió '%s' li manca la capçalera d'autor"
+msgstr "a la comissió «%s» li manca la capçalera d'autor"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:586
+#: builtin/commit.c:555
 #, c-format
 msgid "commit '%s' has malformed author line"
-msgstr "la comissió '%s' té una línia d'autor mal formada"
+msgstr "la comissió «%s» té una línia d'autor mal formada"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:605
+#: builtin/commit.c:574
 msgid "malformed --author parameter"
 msgstr "paràmetre --author mal format"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:613
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid date format: %s"
-msgstr "format de data no vàlid: %s"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:657
+#: builtin/commit.c:626
 msgid ""
 "unable to select a comment character that is not used\n"
 "in the current commit message"
@@ -4344,43 +7517,38 @@ msgstr ""
 "no es pot seleccionar un caràcter de comentari que\n"
 "no sigui usat en el missatge de comissió actual"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:694 builtin/commit.c:727 builtin/commit.c:1084
+#: builtin/commit.c:663 builtin/commit.c:696 builtin/commit.c:1024
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut trobar la comissió %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:706 builtin/shortlog.c:273
+#: builtin/commit.c:675 builtin/shortlog.c:309
 #, c-format
 msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
-msgstr "(llegint el missatge de registre de l'entrada estàndard)\n"
+msgstr "(s'està llegint el missatge de registre des de l'entrada estàndard)\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:708
+#: builtin/commit.c:677
 msgid "could not read log from standard input"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir de l'entrada estàndard"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir el registre des de l'entrada estàndard"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:712
+#: builtin/commit.c:681
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir el fitxer de registre '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:734
-msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir el fitxer de registre «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:738
+#: builtin/commit.c:710 builtin/commit.c:718
 msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogur llegir SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir SQUASH_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:742
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not read '%s'"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir '%s'"
+#: builtin/commit.c:715
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir MERGE_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:789
+#: builtin/commit.c:769
 msgid "could not write commit template"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure la plantilla de comissió"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:807
+#: builtin/commit.c:787
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -4391,11 +7559,11 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Sembla que podeu estar cometent una fusió.\n"
-"Si això no és correcte, si us plau, elimineu el fitxer\n"
+"Si això no és correcte, elimineu el fitxer\n"
 "\t%s\n"
 "i intenteu-ho de nou.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:812
+#: builtin/commit.c:792
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -4405,172 +7573,188 @@ msgid ""
 "and try again.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"Sembla que podeu estar cometent un recull de cireres.\n"
-"Si això no és correcte, si us plau elimineu el fitxer\n"
+"Sembla que podeu estar cometent un «cherry pick».\n"
+"Si això no és correcte, elimineu el fitxer\n"
 "\t%s\n"
 "i intenteu-ho de nou.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:825
+#: builtin/commit.c:805
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
 "with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Si us plau, introduïu el missatge de comissió dels vostres canvis.\n"
+"Introduïu el missatge de comissió dels vostres canvis.\n"
 "S'ignoraran les línies començant amb '%c', i un missatge de\n"
 "comissió buit avorta la comissió.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:832
+#: builtin/commit.c:813
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
 "with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
 "An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Si us plau, introduïu el missatge de comissió dels vostres canvis.\n"
-"Es retindran les línies començants amb '%c'; podeu eliminar-les per vós\n"
-"mateix si voleu. Un missatge buit avorta la comissió.\n"
+"Introduïu el missatge de comissió dels vostres canvis.\n"
+"Es mantindran les línies que comencin amb '%c'; podeu eliminar-les "
+"vosaltres\n"
+"mateixos si voleu. Un missatge buit avorta la comissió.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:852
+#: builtin/commit.c:830
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sAuthor:    %.*s <%.*s>"
 msgstr "%sAutor:    %.*s <%.*s>"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:860
+#: builtin/commit.c:838
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sDate:      %s"
 msgstr "%sData:      %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:867
+#: builtin/commit.c:845
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sCommitter: %.*s <%.*s>"
 msgstr "%sComitent: %.*s <%.*s>"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:885
+#: builtin/commit.c:862
 msgid "Cannot read index"
 msgstr "No es pot llegir l'índex"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:942
+#: builtin/commit.c:928
 msgid "Error building trees"
 msgstr "Error en construir arbres"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:957 builtin/tag.c:495
+#: builtin/commit.c:942 builtin/tag.c:256
 #, c-format
 msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
-msgstr "Si us plau, proveïu el missatge per usar o l'opció -m o l'opció -F.\n"
+msgstr "Especifiqueu el missatge usant l'opció -m o l'opció -F.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1059
+#: builtin/commit.c:986
 #, c-format
-msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
-msgstr "Cap autor existent trobat amb '%s'"
+msgid "--author '%s' is not 'Name <email>' and matches no existing author"
+msgstr ""
+"--author «%s» no és «Nom <adreça-electrònica>» i no coincideix amb\n"
+"cap autor existent"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1074 builtin/commit.c:1314
+#: builtin/commit.c:1000
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid ignored mode '%s'"
+msgstr "mode ignorat no vàlid «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1014 builtin/commit.c:1264
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
-msgstr "Mode de fitxers no seguits no vàlid '%s'"
+msgstr "Mode de fitxers no seguits no vàlid «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1111
+#: builtin/commit.c:1052
 msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
 msgstr "--long i -z són incompatibles"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1141
+#: builtin/commit.c:1085
 msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
 msgstr "Usar ambdós --reset-author i --author no té sentit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1150
+#: builtin/commit.c:1094
 msgid "You have nothing to amend."
 msgstr "No teniu res a esmenar."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1153
+#: builtin/commit.c:1097
 msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
 msgstr "Esteu enmig d'una fusió -- no es pot esmenar."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1155
+#: builtin/commit.c:1099
 msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
-msgstr "Esteu enmig d'un recull de cireres -- no es pot esmenar."
+msgstr "Esteu enmig d'un «cherry pick» -- no es pot esmenar."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1158
+#: builtin/commit.c:1102
 msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
 msgstr "Les opcions --squash i --fixup no es poden usar juntes"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1168
+#: builtin/commit.c:1112
 msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
 msgstr "Només un de -c/-C/-F/--fixup es pot usar."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1170
-msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
-msgstr "L'opció -m no es pot combinar amb -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+#: builtin/commit.c:1114
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F."
+msgstr "L'opció -m no es pot combinar amb -c/-C/-F/."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1178
+#: builtin/commit.c:1122
 msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
 msgstr "--reset-author només es pot usar amb -C, -c o --amend."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1195
+#: builtin/commit.c:1139
 msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
 msgstr "Només un de --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch es pot usar."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1197
+#: builtin/commit.c:1141
 msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
 msgstr "--include/--only no té sentit sense camí."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1199
-msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
-msgstr "Intel·ligent... esmenant l'últim amb índex brut."
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1201
-msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i or -o; assuming --only paths..."
-msgstr ""
-"S'han especificat camins explícits sense -i o -o; presumint camins --only..."
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1213 builtin/tag.c:728
+#: builtin/commit.c:1155 builtin/tag.c:542
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
 msgstr "Mode de neteja no vàlid %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1218
+#: builtin/commit.c:1160
 msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
 msgstr "-a no té sentit amb camins."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1328 builtin/commit.c:1608
+#: builtin/commit.c:1278 builtin/commit.c:1443
 msgid "show status concisely"
 msgstr "mostra l'estat concisament"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1330 builtin/commit.c:1610
+#: builtin/commit.c:1280 builtin/commit.c:1445
 msgid "show branch information"
 msgstr "mostra la informació de branca"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1332 builtin/commit.c:1612 builtin/push.c:500
+#: builtin/commit.c:1282
+msgid "show stash information"
+msgstr "mostra la informació de «stash»"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1284 builtin/commit.c:1447
+msgid "compute full ahead/behind values"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1286
+msgid "version"
+msgstr "versió"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1286 builtin/commit.c:1449 builtin/push.c:542
+#: builtin/worktree.c:541
 msgid "machine-readable output"
 msgstr "sortida llegible per màquina"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1335 builtin/commit.c:1614
+#: builtin/commit.c:1289 builtin/commit.c:1451
 msgid "show status in long format (default)"
 msgstr "mostra l'estat en format llarg (per defecte)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1338 builtin/commit.c:1617
+#: builtin/commit.c:1292 builtin/commit.c:1454
 msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
 msgstr "acaba les entrades amb NUL"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1340 builtin/commit.c:1620 builtin/fast-export.c:980
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:983 builtin/tag.c:603
+#: builtin/commit.c:1294 builtin/commit.c:1298 builtin/commit.c:1457
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:999 builtin/fast-export.c:1002 builtin/tag.c:396
 msgid "mode"
 msgstr "mode"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1341 builtin/commit.c:1620
+#: builtin/commit.c:1295 builtin/commit.c:1457
 msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
 msgstr ""
-"mostra els fitxers no seguits, modes opcional: all, normal, no. (Per "
+"mostra els fitxers no seguits, modes opcionals: all, normal, no. (Per "
 "defecte: all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1344
-msgid "show ignored files"
-msgstr "mostra els fitxers ignorats"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1299
+msgid ""
+"show ignored files, optional modes: traditional, matching, no. (Default: "
+"traditional)"
+msgstr ""
+"mostra els fitxers ignorats, modes opcionals: traditional, matching, no. "
+"(Per defecte: traditional, matching, no.)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1345 parse-options.h:153
+#: builtin/commit.c:1301 parse-options.h:167
 msgid "when"
 msgstr "quan"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1346
+#: builtin/commit.c:1302
 msgid ""
 "ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Default: all)"
@@ -4578,210 +7762,187 @@ msgstr ""
 "ignora els canvis als submòduls, opcional quan: all, dirty, untracked. (Per "
 "defecte: all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1348
+#: builtin/commit.c:1304
 msgid "list untracked files in columns"
 msgstr "mostra els fitxers no seguits en columnes"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1435
-msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut trobar la comissió novament creada"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1437
-msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar la comissió novament creada"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1482
-msgid "detached HEAD"
-msgstr "HEAD separat"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1485
-msgid " (root-commit)"
-msgstr " (comissió d'arrel)"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1323
+msgid "Unsupported combination of ignored and untracked-files arguments"
+msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1578
+#: builtin/commit.c:1413
 msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
 msgstr "omet el resum després d'una comissió reeixida"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1579
+#: builtin/commit.c:1414
 msgid "show diff in commit message template"
 msgstr "mostra la diferència en la plantilla de missatge de comissió"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1581
+#: builtin/commit.c:1416
 msgid "Commit message options"
 msgstr "Opcions de missatge de comissió"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1582 builtin/tag.c:601
+#: builtin/commit.c:1417 builtin/tag.c:393
 msgid "read message from file"
 msgstr "llegiu el missatge des d'un fitxer"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1583
+#: builtin/commit.c:1418
 msgid "author"
 msgstr "autor"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1583
+#: builtin/commit.c:1418
 msgid "override author for commit"
 msgstr "autor corregit de la comissió"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1584 builtin/gc.c:275
+#: builtin/commit.c:1419 builtin/gc.c:359
 msgid "date"
 msgstr "data"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1584
+#: builtin/commit.c:1419
 msgid "override date for commit"
 msgstr "data corregida de la comissió"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1585 builtin/merge.c:218 builtin/notes.c:391
-#: builtin/notes.c:554 builtin/tag.c:599
+#: builtin/commit.c:1420 builtin/merge.c:226 builtin/notes.c:402
+#: builtin/notes.c:565 builtin/tag.c:391
 msgid "message"
 msgstr "missatge"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1585
+#: builtin/commit.c:1420
 msgid "commit message"
 msgstr "missatge de comissió"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1586
+#: builtin/commit.c:1421 builtin/commit.c:1422 builtin/commit.c:1423
+#: builtin/commit.c:1424 parse-options.h:269 ref-filter.h:92
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "comissió"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1421
 msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
 msgstr "reusa i edita el missatge de la comissió especificada"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1587
+#: builtin/commit.c:1422
 msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
 msgstr "reusa el missatge de la comissió especificada"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1588
+#: builtin/commit.c:1423
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
 msgstr ""
-"usa el missatge formatat d'aixafada automàtica per a arreglar la comissió "
+"usa el missatge formatat de «squash» automàtic per a corregir la comissió "
 "especificada"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1589
+#: builtin/commit.c:1424
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
 msgstr ""
-"usa el missatge formatat d'aixafada automàtica per a aixafar la comissió "
+"usa el missatge formatat de «squash» automàtic per a «squash» a la comissió "
 "especificada"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+#: builtin/commit.c:1425
 msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
-msgstr "l'autor de la comissió ja sóc jo (usat amb -C/-c/--amend)"
+msgstr "l'autor de la comissió ja soc jo (s'usa amb -C/-c/--amend)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1591 builtin/log.c:1191 builtin/revert.c:86
+#: builtin/commit.c:1426 builtin/log.c:1446 builtin/merge.c:240
+#: builtin/pull.c:149 builtin/revert.c:105
 msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
 msgstr "afegeix Signed-off-by:"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1592
+#: builtin/commit.c:1427
 msgid "use specified template file"
 msgstr "usa el fitxer de plantilla especificat"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1593
+#: builtin/commit.c:1428
 msgid "force edit of commit"
 msgstr "força l'edició de la comissió"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1594
+#: builtin/commit.c:1429
 msgid "default"
 msgstr "per defecte"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1594 builtin/tag.c:604
+#: builtin/commit.c:1429 builtin/tag.c:397
 msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
-msgstr "com despullar els espais i #comentaris del missatge"
+msgstr "com suprimir els espais i #comentaris del missatge"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1595
+#: builtin/commit.c:1430
 msgid "include status in commit message template"
 msgstr "inclou l'estat en la plantilla de missatge de comissió"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1596 builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/revert.c:92
-#: builtin/tag.c:605
-msgid "key-id"
-msgstr "ID de clau"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1597 builtin/merge.c:226 builtin/revert.c:93
+#: builtin/commit.c:1432 builtin/merge.c:238 builtin/pull.c:179
+#: builtin/revert.c:113
 msgid "GPG sign commit"
-msgstr "firma la comissió amb GPG"
+msgstr "signa la comissió amb GPG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1600
+#: builtin/commit.c:1435
 msgid "Commit contents options"
 msgstr "Opcions dels continguts de les comissions"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1601
+#: builtin/commit.c:1436
 msgid "commit all changed files"
 msgstr "comet tots els fitxers canviats"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1602
+#: builtin/commit.c:1437
 msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
 msgstr "afegeix els fitxers especificats a l'índex per a cometre"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1603
+#: builtin/commit.c:1438
 msgid "interactively add files"
 msgstr "afegeix els fitxers interactivament"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1604
+#: builtin/commit.c:1439
 msgid "interactively add changes"
 msgstr "afegeix els canvis interactivament"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1605
+#: builtin/commit.c:1440
 msgid "commit only specified files"
 msgstr "comet només els fitxers especificats"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1606
-msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
-msgstr "evita el ganxo de precomissió"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1441
+msgid "bypass pre-commit and commit-msg hooks"
+msgstr "evita els lligams de precomissió i missatge de comissió"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1607
+#: builtin/commit.c:1442
 msgid "show what would be committed"
 msgstr "mostra què es cometria"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1618
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
 msgid "amend previous commit"
 msgstr "esmena la comissió anterior"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1619
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456
 msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
-msgstr "evita el ganxo de postreescriure"
+msgstr "evita el lligam de post escriptura"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1624
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461
 msgid "ok to record an empty change"
 msgstr "està bé registrar un canvi buit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1626
+#: builtin/commit.c:1463
 msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
 msgstr "està bé registrar un canvi amb missatge buit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1655
-msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar la comissió HEAD"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1694 builtin/merge.c:519
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut obrir '%s' per a lectura"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1701
+#: builtin/commit.c:1536
 #, c-format
 msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
-msgstr "Fitxer MERGE_HEAD corrupte (%s)"
+msgstr "Fitxer MERGE_HEAD malmès (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1708
+#: builtin/commit.c:1543
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir MERGE_MODE"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1727
+#: builtin/commit.c:1562
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir el missatge de comissió: %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1738
-#, c-format
-msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
-msgstr "Avortant la comissió; no heu editat el missatge.\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1743
+#: builtin/commit.c:1573
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
-msgstr "Avortant la comissió a causa d'un missatge de comissió buit.\n"
+msgstr "S'està avortant la comissió a causa d'un missatge de comissió buit.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1758 builtin/merge.c:851 builtin/merge.c:876
-msgid "failed to write commit object"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en escriure l'objecte de comissió"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1578
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
+msgstr "S'està avortant la comissió; no heu editat el missatge.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1791
+#: builtin/commit.c:1613
 msgid ""
 "Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
 "new_index file. Check that disk is not full and quota is\n"
@@ -4790,558 +7951,729 @@ msgstr ""
 "S'ha actualitzat el dipòsit, però no es pot escriure el\n"
 "fitxer new_index. Comproveu que el disc no estigui ple i\n"
 "que la quota no estigui excedida, i després\n"
-"\"git reset HEAD\" per a recuperar."
+"«git reset HEAD» per a recuperar."
 
-#: builtin/config.c:8
-msgid "git config [options]"
-msgstr "git config [opcions]"
+#: builtin/config.c:10
+msgid "git config [<options>]"
+msgstr "git config [<opcions>]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:53
+#: builtin/config.c:58
 msgid "Config file location"
 msgstr "Ubicació del fitxer de configuració"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:54
+#: builtin/config.c:59
 msgid "use global config file"
 msgstr "usa el fitxer de configuració global"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:55
+#: builtin/config.c:60
 msgid "use system config file"
 msgstr "usa el fitxer de configuració del sistema"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:56
+#: builtin/config.c:61
 msgid "use repository config file"
 msgstr "usa el fitxer de configuració del dipòsit"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:57
+#: builtin/config.c:62
 msgid "use given config file"
 msgstr "usa el fitxer de configuració donat"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:58
+#: builtin/config.c:63
 msgid "blob-id"
 msgstr "ID de blob"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:58
+#: builtin/config.c:63
 msgid "read config from given blob object"
 msgstr "llegeix la configuració de l'objecte de blob donat"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:59
+#: builtin/config.c:64
 msgid "Action"
 msgstr "Acció"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:60
+#: builtin/config.c:65
 msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "obtén valor: nom [regex-de-valors]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:61
+#: builtin/config.c:66
 msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
 msgstr "obtén tots els valors: clau [regex-de-valors]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:62
+#: builtin/config.c:67
 msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
 msgstr "obtén valors de regexp: regex-de-noms [regex-de-valors]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:63
+#: builtin/config.c:68
 msgid "get value specific for the URL: section[.var] URL"
-msgstr "obtén el valor especific per a l'URL: secció[.variable] URL"
+msgstr "obtén el valor específic per a l'URL: secció[.variable] URL"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:64
+#: builtin/config.c:69
 msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
 msgstr ""
 "reemplaça totes les variables que coincideixen: nom valor [regex_de_valors]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:65
+#: builtin/config.c:70
 msgid "add a new variable: name value"
 msgstr "afegeix una variable nova: nom valor"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:66
+#: builtin/config.c:71
 msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "elimina una variable: nom [regex-de-valors]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:67
+#: builtin/config.c:72
 msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "elimina totes les coincidències: nom [regex-de-valors]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:68
+#: builtin/config.c:73
 msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
 msgstr "canvia el nom de secció: nom-antic nom-nou"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:69
+#: builtin/config.c:74
 msgid "remove a section: name"
 msgstr "elimina una secció: nom"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:70
+#: builtin/config.c:75
 msgid "list all"
 msgstr "llista tots"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:71
+#: builtin/config.c:76
 msgid "open an editor"
 msgstr "obre un editor"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:72
+#: builtin/config.c:77
 msgid "find the color configured: slot [default]"
 msgstr "troba el color configurat: ranura [per defecte]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:73
+#: builtin/config.c:78
 msgid "find the color setting: slot [stdout-is-tty]"
-msgstr "troba l'ajust de color: ranura [stdout-és-tty]"
+msgstr "troba el paràmetre de color: ranura [stdout-és-tty]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:74
+#: builtin/config.c:79
 msgid "Type"
 msgstr "Tipus"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:75
+#: builtin/config.c:80
 msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
 msgstr "el valor és \"true\" o \"false\""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:76
+#: builtin/config.c:81
 msgid "value is decimal number"
 msgstr "el valor és un nombre decimal"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:77
+#: builtin/config.c:82
 msgid "value is --bool or --int"
 msgstr "el valor és --bool o --int"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:78
+#: builtin/config.c:83
 msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
 msgstr "el valor és un camí (nom de fitxer o directori)"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:79
+#: builtin/config.c:84
+msgid "value is an expiry date"
+msgstr "el valor és una data de venciment"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:85
 msgid "Other"
 msgstr "Altre"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:80
+#: builtin/config.c:86
 msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
 msgstr "acaba els valors amb un octet NUL"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:81
+#: builtin/config.c:87
+msgid "show variable names only"
+msgstr "mostra només els noms de variable"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:88
 msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
 msgstr "respecta les directives d'inclusió en cercar"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:316
+#: builtin/config.c:89
+msgid "show origin of config (file, standard input, blob, command line)"
+msgstr ""
+"mostra l'origen de la configuració (fitxer, entrada estàndard, blob, línia "
+"d'ordres)"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:335
 msgid "unable to parse default color value"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar el valor de color per defecte"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:457
+#: builtin/config.c:479
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "# This is Git's per-user configuration file.\n"
-"[core]\n"
+"[user]\n"
 "# Please adapt and uncomment the following lines:\n"
-"#\tuser = %s\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
 "#\temail = %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 "# Això és el fitxer de configuració del Git de l'usuari.\n"
-"[core]\n"
-"# Si us plau, adapteu i descomenteu les línies següents:\n"
-"#\tuser = %s\n"
+"[user]\n"
+"# Adapteu i descomenteu les línies següents:\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
 "#\temail = %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:589
+#: builtin/config.c:507
+msgid "--local can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr "--local només es pot usar dins d'un dipòsit git"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:632
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot create configuration file %s"
-msgstr "no es pot crear el fitxer de configuració '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot crear el fitxer de configuració %s"
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:55
+#: builtin/config.c:645
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"cannot overwrite multiple values with a single value\n"
+"       Use a regexp, --add or --replace-all to change %s."
+msgstr ""
+"no es poden sobreescriure múltiples valors amb un sol valor\n"
+"       Useu una expressió regular, --add o --replace-all per a canviar %s."
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:88
 msgid "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
 msgstr "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:65
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:98
 msgid "print sizes in human readable format"
-msgstr "imprimeix les mides en un format llegible per humans"
+msgstr "imprimeix les mides en un format llegible pels humans"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:22
+msgid "git describe [<options>] [<commit-ish>...]"
+msgstr "git describe [<opcions>] [<comissió>...]"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:23
+msgid "git describe [<options>] --dirty"
+msgstr "git describe [<opcions>] --dirty"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:17
-msgid "git describe [options] <commit-ish>*"
-msgstr "git describe [opcions] <comissió>*"
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "head"
+msgstr "davant per"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:18
-msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
-msgstr "git describe [opcions] --dirty"
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "lightweight"
+msgstr "lleuger"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:217
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "annotated"
+msgstr "anotat"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
 msgstr "l'etiqueta anotada %s no és disponible"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:221
+#: builtin/describe.c:271
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
 msgstr "l'etiqueta anotada %s no té nom incrustat"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:223
+#: builtin/describe.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
-msgstr "l'etiqueta '%s' realment és '%s' aquí"
+msgstr "l'etiqueta «%s» realment és «%s» aquí"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:250 builtin/log.c:452
-#, c-format
-msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
-msgstr "%s no és un nom d'objecte vàlid"
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:253
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
-msgstr "%s no és un objecte de '%s' vàlid"
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#: builtin/describe.c:317
 #, c-format
 msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
-msgstr "cap etiqueta coincideix exactament amb '%s'"
+msgstr "cap etiqueta coincideix exactament amb «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:272
+#: builtin/describe.c:319
 #, c-format
-msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
-msgstr "cercant per a descriure %s\n"
+msgid "No exact match on refs or tags, searching to describe\n"
+msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:319
+#: builtin/describe.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "finished search at %s\n"
 msgstr "s'ha finalitzat la cerca a %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:346
+#: builtin/describe.c:392
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 "However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
 msgstr ""
-"Cap etiqueta anotada pot descriure '%s'.\n"
+"Cap etiqueta anotada pot descriure «%s».\n"
 "No obstant, hi havia etiquetes no anotades: proveu --tags."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:350
+#: builtin/describe.c:396
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 "Try --always, or create some tags."
 msgstr ""
-"Cap etiqueta pot descriure '%s'.\n"
+"Cap etiqueta pot descriure «%s».\n"
 "Proveu --always, o creeu algunes etiquetes."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:371
+#: builtin/describe.c:426
 #, c-format
 msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
 msgstr "%lu comissions travessades\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:374
+#: builtin/describe.c:429
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
 "gave up search at %s\n"
 msgstr ""
-"s'ha trobat més de %i etiquetes: s'ha llistat les %i més recents\n"
+"s'han trobat més de %i etiquetes: s'han llistat les %i més recents\n"
 "s'ha renunciat la cerca a %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:396
+#: builtin/describe.c:497
+#, c-format
+msgid "describe %s\n"
+msgstr "descriu %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:500 builtin/log.c:502
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr "%s no és un nom d'objecte vàlid"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:508
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is neither a commit nor blob"
+msgstr "%s no és una comissió o un blob"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:522
 msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
 msgstr "troba l'etiqueta que vingui després de la comissió"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:397
+#: builtin/describe.c:523
 msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
 msgstr "estratègia de cerca de depuració en stderr"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:398
+#: builtin/describe.c:524
 msgid "use any ref"
-msgstr "usa qualsevulla referència"
+msgstr "usa qualsevol referència"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:399
+#: builtin/describe.c:525
 msgid "use any tag, even unannotated"
-msgstr "usa qualsevulla etiqueta, fins i tot aquelles sense anotar"
+msgstr "usa qualsevol etiqueta, fins i tot aquelles sense anotar"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:400
+#: builtin/describe.c:526
 msgid "always use long format"
 msgstr "sempre usa el format llarg"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:401
+#: builtin/describe.c:527
 msgid "only follow first parent"
 msgstr "només segueix la primera mare"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:404
+#: builtin/describe.c:530
 msgid "only output exact matches"
 msgstr "emet només coincidències exactes"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:406
+#: builtin/describe.c:532
 msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
 msgstr "considera les <n> etiquetes més recents (per defecte: 10)"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:408
+#: builtin/describe.c:534
 msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
 msgstr "només considera les etiquetes que coincideixen amb <patró>"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:410 builtin/name-rev.c:318
+#: builtin/describe.c:536
+msgid "do not consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "no consideris les etiquetes que no coincideixen amb <patró>"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:538 builtin/name-rev.c:406
 msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
-msgstr "mostra l'objecte de comissió abreviat com a retrocediment"
+msgstr "mostra l'objecte de comissió abreviat com a sistema alternatiu"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:411
+#: builtin/describe.c:539 builtin/describe.c:542
 msgid "mark"
 msgstr "marca"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:412
+#: builtin/describe.c:540
 msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
 msgstr "annexa <marca> en l'arbre de treball brut (per defecte: \"-dirty\")"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:430
+#: builtin/describe.c:543
+msgid "append <mark> on broken working tree (default: \"-broken\")"
+msgstr "annexa <marca> en l'arbre de treball brut (per defecte: \"-broken\")"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:561
 msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
 msgstr "--long és incompatible amb --abbrev=0"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:456
+#: builtin/describe.c:590
 msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
-msgstr "Cap nom trobat, no es pot descriure res."
+msgstr "No s'ha trobat cap nom, no es pot descriure res."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:476
+#: builtin/describe.c:640
 msgid "--dirty is incompatible with commit-ishes"
 msgstr "--dirty és incompatible amb les comissions"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:86
+#: builtin/describe.c:642
+msgid "--broken is incompatible with commit-ishes"
+msgstr "--broken és incompatible amb les comissions"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
-msgstr "'%s': no és ni fitxer regular ni enllaç simbòlic"
+msgstr "«%s»: no és ni fitxer regular ni enllaç simbòlic"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:237
+#: builtin/diff.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid option: %s"
 msgstr "opció no vàlida: %s"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:358
+#: builtin/diff.c:356
 msgid "Not a git repository"
 msgstr "No és un dipòsit de git"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:401
+#: builtin/diff.c:399
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
-msgstr "s'ha donat un objecte no vàlid '%s'."
+msgstr "s'ha donat un objecte no vàlid «%s»."
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:410
+#: builtin/diff.c:408
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
-msgstr "s'ha donat més de dos blobs: '%s"
+msgstr "s'ha donat més de dos blobs: «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:417
+#: builtin/diff.c:413
 #, c-format
 msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
-msgstr "s'ha donat l'objecte no gestionat '%s'."
+msgstr "s'ha donat l'objecte no gestionat «%s»."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:29
+msgid "git difftool [<options>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git difftool [<opcions>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<camí>...]"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:259
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed: %d"
+msgstr "ha fallat: %d"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir l'enllaç simbòlic %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink file %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir el fitxer d'enllaç simbòlic %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:311
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read object %s for symlink %s"
+msgstr "No es pot llegir l'objecte %s per l'enllaç simbòlic %s"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:24
+#: builtin/difftool.c:412
+msgid ""
+"combined diff formats('-c' and '--cc') are not supported in\n"
+"directory diff mode('-d' and '--dir-diff')."
+msgstr ""
+"els formats de diff combinats ('-c' and '--cc') no són admesos \n"
+"en el mode diff per directoris ('-d' and '--dir-diff')."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "both files modified: '%s' and '%s'."
+msgstr "s'han modificat ambdós fitxers: «%s» i «%s»."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:634
+msgid "working tree file has been left."
+msgstr "s'ha deixat un fitxer de l'arbre de treball."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:645
+#, c-format
+msgid "temporary files exist in '%s'."
+msgstr "existeix un fitxer temporal a %s'."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:646
+msgid "you may want to cleanup or recover these."
+msgstr "podeu netejar o recuperar-los."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:695
+msgid "use `diff.guitool` instead of `diff.tool`"
+msgstr "utilitza `diff.guitool` en comptes de `diff.tool`"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:697
+msgid "perform a full-directory diff"
+msgstr "fes un diff de tot el directori"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:699
+msgid "do not prompt before launching a diff tool"
+msgstr "no preguntis abans d'executar l'eina diff"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:705
+msgid "use symlinks in dir-diff mode"
+msgstr "utilitza enllaços simbòlics en mode dir-diff"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:706
+msgid "<tool>"
+msgstr "<tool>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:707
+msgid "use the specified diff tool"
+msgstr "utilitza l'eina de diff especificada"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:709
+msgid "print a list of diff tools that may be used with `--tool`"
+msgstr ""
+"imprimeix una llista de totes les eines diff que podeu usar amb `--tool`"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:712
+msgid ""
+"make 'git-difftool' exit when an invoked diff tool returns a non - zero exit "
+"code"
+msgstr ""
+"fes que 'git-difftool' surti quan l'eina de diff invocada torna un codi de "
+"sortida diferent de zero"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:714
+msgid "<command>"
+msgstr "<command>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:715
+msgid "specify a custom command for viewing diffs"
+msgstr "especifiqueu una ordre personalitzada per veure diffs"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:739
+msgid "no <tool> given for --tool=<tool>"
+msgstr "no s'ha proporcionat <tool> per --tool=<tool>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:746
+msgid "no <cmd> given for --extcmd=<cmd>"
+msgstr "no s'ha proporcionat <cmd> per --extcmd=<cmd>"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:26
 msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 msgstr "git fast-export [opcions-de-llista-de-revisions]"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:979
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:998
 msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
 msgstr "mostra el progrés després de <n> objectes"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:981
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1000
 msgid "select handling of signed tags"
-msgstr "selecciona la gestió de les etiquetes firmades"
+msgstr "selecciona la gestió de les etiquetes signades"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:984
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1003
 msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
 msgstr "selecciona la gestió de les etiquetes que etiquetin objectes filtrats"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:987
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1006
 msgid "Dump marks to this file"
 msgstr "Bolca les marques a aquest fitxer"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:989
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1008
 msgid "Import marks from this file"
 msgstr "Importa les marques d'aquest fitxer"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:991
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1010
 msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
 msgstr "Fingeix un etiquetador quan els en manca un a les etiquetes"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:993
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1012
 msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
 msgstr "Imprimeix l'arbre complet de cada comissió"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:995
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1014
 msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
 msgstr "Usa la característica done per a acabar el corrent"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:996
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1015
 msgid "Skip output of blob data"
-msgstr "Salta l'emissió de dades de blob"
+msgstr "Omet l'emissió de dades de blob"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:997
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1016
 msgid "refspec"
 msgstr "especificació de referència"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:998
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1017
 msgid "Apply refspec to exported refs"
 msgstr "Aplica l'especificació de referència a les referències exportades"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:999
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1018
 msgid "anonymize output"
 msgstr "anonimitza la sortida"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:20
+#: builtin/fetch.c:25
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
 msgstr "git fetch [<opcions>] [<dipòsit> [<especificació-de-referència>...]]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:21
+#: builtin/fetch.c:26
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
 msgstr "git fetch [<opcions>] <grup>"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:22
+#: builtin/fetch.c:27
 msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
 msgstr "git fetch --multiple [<opcions>] [(<dipòsit> | <grup>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:23
+#: builtin/fetch.c:28
 msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
 msgstr "git fetch --all [<opcions>]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:90
+#: builtin/fetch.c:124 builtin/pull.c:188
 msgid "fetch from all remotes"
 msgstr "obtén de tots els remots"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:92
+#: builtin/fetch.c:126 builtin/pull.c:191
 msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
 msgstr "annexa a .git/FETCH_HEAD en lloc de sobreescriure"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:94
+#: builtin/fetch.c:128 builtin/pull.c:194
 msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
-msgstr "camí al qual pujar el paquet en el costat remot"
+msgstr "camí al qual pujar el paquet al costat remot"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:95
+#: builtin/fetch.c:129 builtin/pull.c:196
 msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
 msgstr "força la sobreescriptura de la branca local"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:97
+#: builtin/fetch.c:131
 msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
 msgstr "obtén de múltiples remots"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:99
+#: builtin/fetch.c:133 builtin/pull.c:198
 msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
 msgstr "obtén totes les etiquetes i tots els objectes associats"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:101
+#: builtin/fetch.c:135
 msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
 msgstr "no obtinguis les etiquetes (--no-tags)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:103
+#: builtin/fetch.c:137
+msgid "number of submodules fetched in parallel"
+msgstr "nombre de submòduls obtinguts en paral·lel"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:139 builtin/pull.c:201
 msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
 msgstr "poda les branques amb seguiment remot que ja no estiguin en el remot"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:104
+#: builtin/fetch.c:141
+msgid "prune local tags no longer on remote and clobber changed tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:142 builtin/fetch.c:165 builtin/pull.c:126
 msgid "on-demand"
 msgstr "sota demanda"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:105
+#: builtin/fetch.c:143
 msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
-msgstr "controla l'obteniment recursiu de submòduls"
+msgstr "controla l'obtenció recursiva de submòduls"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:109
+#: builtin/fetch.c:147 builtin/pull.c:209
 msgid "keep downloaded pack"
-msgstr "desa el paquet baixat"
+msgstr "retén el paquet baixat"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:111
+#: builtin/fetch.c:149
 msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
 msgstr "permet l'actualització de la referència HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:114
+#: builtin/fetch.c:152 builtin/fetch.c:158 builtin/pull.c:212
 msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
 msgstr "aprofundeix la història d'un clon superficial"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:116
+#: builtin/fetch.c:154
+msgid "deepen history of shallow repository based on time"
+msgstr "aprofundeix la història d'un clon superficial basat en temps"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:160 builtin/pull.c:215
 msgid "convert to a complete repository"
 msgstr "converteix en un dipòsit complet"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:118 builtin/log.c:1208
+#: builtin/fetch.c:162 builtin/log.c:1466
 msgid "dir"
 msgstr "directori"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:119
+#: builtin/fetch.c:163
 msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
 msgstr "anteposa això a la sortida de camí del submòdul"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:122
-msgid "default mode for recursion"
-msgstr "mode de recursivitat per defecte"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:166
+msgid ""
+"default for recursive fetching of submodules (lower priority than config "
+"files)"
+msgstr ""
+"per defecte per a l'obtenció recursiva de submòduls (prioritat més baixa que "
+"els fitxers de configuració)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:124
+#: builtin/fetch.c:170 builtin/pull.c:218
 msgid "accept refs that update .git/shallow"
 msgstr "accepta les referències que actualitzin .git/shallow"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:125
+#: builtin/fetch.c:171 builtin/pull.c:220
 msgid "refmap"
 msgstr "mapa de referències"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:126
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/pull.c:221
 msgid "specify fetch refmap"
-msgstr "mostra el mapa de referències d'obteniment"
+msgstr "mostra el mapa de referències d'obtenció"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:376
+#: builtin/fetch.c:431
 msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
 msgstr "No s'ha pogut trobar la referència HEAD remota"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:454
+#: builtin/fetch.c:549
+#, c-format
+msgid "configuration fetch.output contains invalid value %s"
+msgstr "la configuració fetch.output conté un valor no vàlid %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:642
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s not found"
 msgstr "objecte %s no trobat"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:459
+#: builtin/fetch.c:646
 msgid "[up to date]"
 msgstr "[al dia]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:473
-#, c-format
-msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
-msgstr "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (no es pot obtenir en la branca actual)"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:474 builtin/fetch.c:560
+#: builtin/fetch.c:659 builtin/fetch.c:739
 msgid "[rejected]"
 msgstr "[rebutjat]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:485
+#: builtin/fetch.c:660
+msgid "can't fetch in current branch"
+msgstr "no es pot obtenir en la branca actual"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:669
 msgid "[tag update]"
 msgstr "[actualització d'etiqueta]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:487 builtin/fetch.c:522 builtin/fetch.c:540
-msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
-msgstr "  (no s'ha pogut actualitzar la referència local)"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:670 builtin/fetch.c:703 builtin/fetch.c:719
+#: builtin/fetch.c:734
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut actualitzar la referència local"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:505
+#: builtin/fetch.c:689
 msgid "[new tag]"
 msgstr "[etiqueta nova]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:508
+#: builtin/fetch.c:692
 msgid "[new branch]"
 msgstr "[branca nova]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:511
+#: builtin/fetch.c:695
 msgid "[new ref]"
 msgstr "[referència nova]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:556
-msgid "unable to update local ref"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut actualitzar la referència local"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:556
+#: builtin/fetch.c:734
 msgid "forced update"
 msgstr "actualització forçada"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:562
-msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
-msgstr "(sense avanç ràpid)"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:739
+msgid "non-fast-forward"
+msgstr "sense avanç ràpid"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:595 builtin/fetch.c:828
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
-msgstr "no es pot obrir %s: %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:604
+#: builtin/fetch.c:784
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
 msgstr "%s no ha enviat tots els objectes necessaris\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:622
+#: builtin/fetch.c:804
 #, c-format
 msgid "reject %s because shallow roots are not allowed to be updated"
 msgstr ""
 "rebutja %s perquè no es permet que les arrels superficials s'actualitzin"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:710 builtin/fetch.c:793
+#: builtin/fetch.c:892 builtin/fetch.c:988
 #, c-format
 msgid "From %.*s\n"
 msgstr "De %.*s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:721
+#: builtin/fetch.c:903
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
@@ -5349,1106 +8681,1163 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "algunes referències locals no s'han pogut actualitzar;\n"
 " intenteu executar 'git remote prune %s' per a eliminar\n"
-" qualsevulla branca antiga o conflictiva"
+" qualsevol branca antiga o conflictiva"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:773
+#: builtin/fetch.c:958
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (%s es tornarà penjant)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:774
+#: builtin/fetch.c:959
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (%s s'ha tornat penjant)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:798
+#: builtin/fetch.c:991
 msgid "[deleted]"
 msgstr "[suprimit]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:799 builtin/remote.c:1060
+#: builtin/fetch.c:992 builtin/remote.c:1024
 msgid "(none)"
 msgstr "(cap)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:818
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1015
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
-msgstr "Refusant obtenir en la branca actual %s d'un dipòsit no nu"
+msgstr "S'està refusant obtenir en la branca actual %s d'un dipòsit no nu"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:837
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1034
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
 msgstr "L'opció \"%s\" amb valor \"%s\" no és vàlida per a %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:840
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1037
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
 msgstr "S'ignora l'opció \"%s\" per a %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:896
-#, c-format
-msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
-msgstr "No es sap com obtenir de %s"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1058
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1277
 #, c-format
 msgid "Fetching %s\n"
-msgstr "Obtenint %s\n"
+msgstr "S'està obtenint %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1060 builtin/remote.c:90
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1279 builtin/remote.c:97
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not fetch %s"
 msgstr "No s'ha pogut obtenir %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1078
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1325 builtin/fetch.c:1498
+msgid ""
+"--filter can only be used with the remote configured in core.partialClone"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1350
 msgid ""
 "No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
 "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
 msgstr ""
-"Cap dipòsit remot especificat. Si us plau, especifiqueu o un URL o\n"
+"Cap dipòsit remot especificat. Especifiqueu un URL o\n"
 "un nom remot del qual es deuen obtenir les revisions noves."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1101
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1394
 msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
 msgstr "Necessiteu especificar un nom d'etiqueta."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1143
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1439
+msgid "Negative depth in --deepen is not supported"
+msgstr "No s'admet una profunditat negativa en --deepen"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1441
+msgid "--deepen and --depth are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "--deepen i --depth són mútuament excloents"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1446
 msgid "--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"
 msgstr "--depth i --unshallow no es poden usar junts"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1145
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1448
 msgid "--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"
 msgstr "--unshallow en un dipòsit complet no té sentit"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1168
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1464
 msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
 msgstr "fetch --all no accepta un paràmetre de dipòsit"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1170
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1466
 msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
 msgstr "fetch --all no té sentit amb especificacions de referència"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1181
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1475
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
 msgstr "No hi ha tal remot ni tal grup remot: %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1189
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1482
 msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
 msgstr "Obtenir un grup i especificar referències no té sentit"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:13
-msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <file>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <missatge>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <fitxer>]"
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <missatge>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <fitxer>]"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665 builtin/grep.c:698
-#: builtin/merge.c:198 builtin/repack.c:178 builtin/repack.c:182
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:657 builtin/show-ref.c:178 builtin/tag.c:590
-#: parse-options.h:132 parse-options.h:239
-msgid "n"
-msgstr "n"
-
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:663
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
 msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
 msgstr "emplena el registre amb <n> entrades del registre curt com a màxim"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
 msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
-msgstr "àlies per --log (desaprovat)"
+msgstr "àlies per --log (en desús)"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:672
 msgid "text"
 msgstr "text"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:670
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:673
 msgid "use <text> as start of message"
 msgstr "usa <text> com a inici de missatge"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:671
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:674
 msgid "file to read from"
 msgstr "fitxer del qual llegir"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:676
-msgid "unable to parse format"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar el format"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:10
+msgid "git for-each-ref [<options>] [<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [<opcions>] [<patró>]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:11
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--points-at <object>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--points-at <objecte>]"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1064
-msgid "git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]"
-msgstr "git for-each-ref [opcions] [<patró>]"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:12
+msgid "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<comissió>]]"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1079
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:13
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--contains [<commit>]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git for-each-ref [--contains [<comissió>]] [--no-contains [<comissió>]]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:28
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
 msgstr ""
-"posa els marcadors de posició entre cometes adequades per als terminals"
+"posa els marcadors de posició de forma adequada per a intèrprets d'ordres"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1081
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:30
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
-msgstr "posa els marcadors de posició entre cometes adequades per a perl"
+msgstr "posa els marcadors de posició entre cometes adequades per al perl"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1083
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:32
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
-msgstr "posa els marcadors de posició entre cometes adequades per a python"
+msgstr "posa els marcadors de posició entre cometes adequades per al python"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1085
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:34
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for Tcl"
-msgstr "posa els marcadors de posició entre cometes adequades per a Tcl"
+msgstr "posa els marcadors de posició entre cometes adequades per al Tcl"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1088
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:37
 msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
 msgstr "mostra només <n> referències coincidents"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1089 builtin/replace.c:438
-msgid "format"
-msgstr "format"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:39 builtin/tag.c:420
+msgid "respect format colors"
+msgstr "respecta els colors del format"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1089
-msgid "format to use for the output"
-msgstr "format a usar en la sortida"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:43
+msgid "print only refs which points at the given object"
+msgstr "imprimeix només les referències que assenyalin l'objecte donat"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1090
-msgid "key"
-msgstr "clau"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:45
+msgid "print only refs that are merged"
+msgstr "imprimeix només les referències que s'han fusionat"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1091
-msgid "field name to sort on"
-msgstr "nom de camp en el qual ordenar"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:46
+msgid "print only refs that are not merged"
+msgstr "imprimeix només les referències que no s'han fusionat"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:147 builtin/prune.c:136
-msgid "Checking connectivity"
-msgstr "Comprovant connectivitat"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:47
+msgid "print only refs which contain the commit"
+msgstr "imprimeix només les referències que continguin la comissió"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:540
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:48
+msgid "print only refs which don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "imprimeix només les referències que no continguin la comissió"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:568
 msgid "Checking object directories"
-msgstr "Comprovant els directoris d'objecte"
+msgstr "S'estan comprovant els directoris d'objecte"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:603
-msgid "git fsck [options] [<object>...]"
-msgstr "git fsck [opcions] [<objecte>...]"
+#: builtin/fsck.c:660
+msgid "git fsck [<options>] [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git fsck [<opcions>] [<objecte>...]"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:609
+#: builtin/fsck.c:666
 msgid "show unreachable objects"
 msgstr "mostra els objectes inabastables"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:610
+#: builtin/fsck.c:667
 msgid "show dangling objects"
 msgstr "mostra els objectes penjants"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:611
+#: builtin/fsck.c:668
 msgid "report tags"
 msgstr "informa de les etiquetes"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:612
+#: builtin/fsck.c:669
 msgid "report root nodes"
 msgstr "informa dels nodes d'arrel"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:613
+#: builtin/fsck.c:670
 msgid "make index objects head nodes"
 msgstr "fes els objectes d'índex nodes de cap"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:614
+#: builtin/fsck.c:671
 msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
 msgstr "fes que els registres de referències siguin nodes de cap (per defecte)"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:615
+#: builtin/fsck.c:672
 msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
 msgstr "també considera els paquets i els objectes alternatius"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:616
+#: builtin/fsck.c:673
+msgid "check only connectivity"
+msgstr "comprova només la connectivitat"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:674
 msgid "enable more strict checking"
 msgstr "habilita la comprovació més estricta"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:618
+#: builtin/fsck.c:676
 msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
 msgstr "escriu objectes penjants a .git/lost-found"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:619 builtin/prune.c:108
+#: builtin/fsck.c:677 builtin/prune.c:108
 msgid "show progress"
 msgstr "mostra el progrés"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:669
+#: builtin/fsck.c:678
+msgid "show verbose names for reachable objects"
+msgstr "mostra els noms detallats dels objectes abastables"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:742
 msgid "Checking objects"
-msgstr "Comprovant els objectes"
+msgstr "S'estan comprovant els objectes"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:24
-msgid "git gc [options]"
-msgstr "git gc [opcions]"
+#: builtin/gc.c:27
+msgid "git gc [<options>]"
+msgstr "git gc [<opcions>]"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:79
+#: builtin/gc.c:80
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid gc.pruneexpire: '%s'"
-msgstr "gc.pruneexpire no vàlid: %s"
+msgid "Failed to fstat %s: %s"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en fer fstat %s: %s"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:107
+#: builtin/gc.c:312
 #, c-format
-msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
-msgstr "directori d'objectes increïblement llarg %.*s"
+msgid "Can't stat %s"
+msgstr "No es pot fer stat en %s"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:276
+#: builtin/gc.c:321
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The last gc run reported the following. Please correct the root cause\n"
+"and remove %s.\n"
+"Automatic cleanup will not be performed until the file is removed.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"L'última execució de gc ha informat el següent. Corregiu\n"
+"la causa primordial i elimineu %s.\n"
+"No es realitzarà la neteja automàtica fins que s'elimini el fitxer.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:360
 msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
 msgstr "poda objectes sense referència"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:278
+#: builtin/gc.c:362
 msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
 msgstr "sigues més exhaustiu (el temps d'execució augmenta)"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:279
+#: builtin/gc.c:363
 msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
 msgstr "habilita el mode de recollida d'escombraries automàtica"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:280
+#: builtin/gc.c:366
 msgid "force running gc even if there may be another gc running"
 msgstr "força l'execució de gc encara que hi pugui haver un altre gc executant"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:321
+#: builtin/gc.c:384
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to parse gc.logexpiry value %s"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut analitzar el valor gc.logexpiry %s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:412
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto packing the repository in background for optimum performance.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Empaquetant automàticament el dipòsit en el fons per rendiment òptim.\n"
+"S'està empaquetant el dipòsit automàticament en el fons per rendiment "
+"òptim.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:323
+#: builtin/gc.c:414
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
-msgstr "Empaquetant automàticament el dipòsit per rendiment òptim.\n"
+msgstr "S'està empaquetant automàticament el dipòsit per rendiment òptim.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:324
+#: builtin/gc.c:415
 #, c-format
 msgid "See \"git help gc\" for manual housekeeping.\n"
 msgstr "Vegeu \"git help gc\" per neteja manual.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:342
+#: builtin/gc.c:440
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "gc is already running on machine '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> (use --force if not)"
 msgstr ""
-"gc ja està executant en la màquina '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> (useu --force si no)"
+"gc ja s'està executant en la màquina «%s» pid %<PRIuMAX> (useu --force si no)"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:364
+#: builtin/gc.c:487
 msgid ""
 "There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
 msgstr ""
 "Hi ha massa objectes solts inabastables; executeu 'git prune' per a eliminar-"
 "los."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:23
-msgid "git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
-msgstr "git grep [opcions] [-e] <patró> [<revisió>...] [[--] <camí>...]"
+#: builtin/grep.c:27
+msgid "git grep [<options>] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git grep [<opcions>] [-e] <patró> [<revisió>...] [[--] <camí>...]"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:218
+#: builtin/grep.c:225
 #, c-format
 msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
-msgstr "grep: s'ha fallat en crear fil: %s"
+msgstr "grep: s'ha produït un error en crear fil: %s"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:441 builtin/grep.c:476
+#: builtin/grep.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d) for %s"
+msgstr "s'ha especificat un nombre de fils no vàlid (%d) per a %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s is the configuration
+#. variable for tweaking threads, currently
+#. grep.threads
+#.
+#: builtin/grep.c:292 builtin/index-pack.c:1523 builtin/index-pack.c:1712
+#, c-format
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
+msgstr "no hi ha suport de fils, s'està ignorant %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:460 builtin/grep.c:580 builtin/grep.c:622
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir l'arbre (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:491
+#: builtin/grep.c:637
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
 msgstr "no es pot fer grep des d'un objecte de tipus %s"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:547
+#: builtin/grep.c:703
 #, c-format
 msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
-msgstr "l'opció `%c' espera un valor numèric"
+msgstr "l'opció «%c» espera un valor numèric"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:564
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot open '%s'"
-msgstr "no es pot obrir '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:638
+#: builtin/grep.c:790
 msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
 msgstr "cerca en l'índex en lloc de l'arbre de treball"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:640
+#: builtin/grep.c:792
 msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
 msgstr "cerca en continguts no gestionats per git"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:642
+#: builtin/grep.c:794
 msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr "cerca tant en fitxers seguits com en no seguits"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:644
-msgid "search also in ignored files"
-msgstr "cerca en els fitxers ignorats també"
+#: builtin/grep.c:796
+msgid "ignore files specified via '.gitignore'"
+msgstr "ignora els fitxers especificats mitjançant '.gitignore'"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:798
+msgid "recursively search in each submodule"
+msgstr "cerca recursivament a cada submòdul"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:647
+#: builtin/grep.c:801
 msgid "show non-matching lines"
 msgstr "mostra les línies no coincidents"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:649
+#: builtin/grep.c:803
 msgid "case insensitive matching"
 msgstr "coincidència insensible a majúscula i minúscula"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:651
+#: builtin/grep.c:805
 msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
 msgstr "coincideix amb els patrons només als límits de paraula"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:653
+#: builtin/grep.c:807
 msgid "process binary files as text"
 msgstr "processa els fitxers binaris com a text"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:655
+#: builtin/grep.c:809
 msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
 msgstr "no coincideixis amb els patrons en els fitxers binaris"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:658
+#: builtin/grep.c:812
 msgid "process binary files with textconv filters"
 msgstr "processa els fitxers binaris amb filtres de textconv"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:660
+#: builtin/grep.c:814
 msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
 msgstr "descendeix com a màxim <profunditat> nivells"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:664
+#: builtin/grep.c:818
 msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
-msgstr "usa les expressions regulars POSIX esteses"
+msgstr "usa les expressions regulars POSIX ampliades"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:667
+#: builtin/grep.c:821
 msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
 msgstr "usa les expressions regulars POSIX bàsiques (per defecte)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:670
+#: builtin/grep.c:824
 msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
-msgstr "interpreta els patrons com a cadenes fixades"
+msgstr "interpreta els patrons com a cadenes fixes"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:673
+#: builtin/grep.c:827
 msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
 msgstr "usa les expressions regulars compatibles amb Perl"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:676
+#: builtin/grep.c:830
 msgid "show line numbers"
 msgstr "mostra els números de línia"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:677
+#: builtin/grep.c:831
 msgid "don't show filenames"
 msgstr "no mostris els noms de fitxer"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:678
+#: builtin/grep.c:832
 msgid "show filenames"
 msgstr "mostra els noms de fitxer"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:680
+#: builtin/grep.c:834
 msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
 msgstr "mostra els noms de fitxer relatius al directori superior"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:682
+#: builtin/grep.c:836
 msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
 msgstr "mostra només els noms de fitxer en lloc de les línies coincidents"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:684
+#: builtin/grep.c:838
 msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
 msgstr "sinònim de --files-with-matches"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:687
+#: builtin/grep.c:841
 msgid "show only the names of files without match"
 msgstr "mostra només els noms dels fitxers sense coincidència"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:689
+#: builtin/grep.c:843
 msgid "print NUL after filenames"
-msgstr "imprimeix NUL desprès dels noms de fitxer"
+msgstr "imprimeix NUL després dels noms de fitxer"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:691
+#: builtin/grep.c:846
 msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
 msgstr "mostra el nombre de coincidències en lloc de les línies coincidents"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:692
+#: builtin/grep.c:847
 msgid "highlight matches"
 msgstr "ressalta les coincidències"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:694
+#: builtin/grep.c:849
 msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
 msgstr "imprimeix una línia buida entre coincidències de fitxers distints"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:696
+#: builtin/grep.c:851
 msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
 msgstr ""
 "mostra el nom de fitxer només una vegada a dalt de les coincidències del "
 "mateix fitxer"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:699
+#: builtin/grep.c:854
 msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
 msgstr "mostra <n> línies de context abans i després d'una coincidència"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:702
+#: builtin/grep.c:857
 msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
 msgstr "mostra <n> línies de context abans d'una coincidència"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:704
+#: builtin/grep.c:859
 msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
 msgstr "mostra <n> línies de context després d'una coincidència"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:705
+#: builtin/grep.c:861
+msgid "use <n> worker threads"
+msgstr "usa <n> fils de treball"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:862
 msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
 msgstr "drecera per -C NUM"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:708
+#: builtin/grep.c:865
 msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
 msgstr "mostra una línia amb el nom de funció abans de les coincidències"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:710
+#: builtin/grep.c:867
 msgid "show the surrounding function"
 msgstr "mostra la funció circumdant"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:713
+#: builtin/grep.c:870
 msgid "read patterns from file"
 msgstr "llegeix els patrons des d'un fitxer"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:715
+#: builtin/grep.c:872
 msgid "match <pattern>"
 msgstr "coincideix amb <patró>"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:717
+#: builtin/grep.c:874
 msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
 msgstr "combina els patrons especificats amb -e"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:729
+#: builtin/grep.c:886
 msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
 msgstr "indica coincidència amb estat de sortida sense sortida textual"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:731
+#: builtin/grep.c:888
 msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
 msgstr ""
 "mostra només les coincidències dels fitxers que coincideixin amb tots els "
 "patrons"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:733
+#: builtin/grep.c:890
 msgid "show parse tree for grep expression"
-msgstr "mostra l'arbre d'anàlisis de l'expressió de grep"
+msgstr "mostra l'arbre d'anàlisi de l'expressió grep"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:737
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "pager"
 msgstr "paginador"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:737
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "show matching files in the pager"
 msgstr "mostra els fitxers coincidents en el paginador"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:740
+#: builtin/grep.c:898
 msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
 msgstr "permet la invocació de grep(1) (ignorat per aquesta compilació)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:741 builtin/show-ref.c:187
-msgid "show usage"
-msgstr "mostra l'ús"
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:808
+#: builtin/grep.c:962
 msgid "no pattern given."
 msgstr "cap patró donat."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:866
+#: builtin/grep.c:994
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs"
+msgstr "--no-index o --untracked no es pot usar amb revisions"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to resolve revision: %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut resoldre la revisió: %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1036 builtin/index-pack.c:1519
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
+msgstr "s'ha especificat un nombre de fils no vàlid (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1041
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring --threads"
+msgstr "no hi ha suport de fils, s'està ignorant --threads"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1065
 msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
 msgstr "--open-files-in-pager només funciona en l'arbre de treball"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:892
+#: builtin/grep.c:1088
+msgid "option not supported with --recurse-submodules."
+msgstr "opció no admesa amb --recurse-submodules."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1094
 msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
 msgstr "--cached o --untracked no es pot usar amb --no-index."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:897
-msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
-msgstr "--no-index o --untracked no es pot usar amb revisions."
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:900
+#: builtin/grep.c:1100
 msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
 msgstr "--[no-]exclude-standard no es pot usar per als continguts seguits."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:908
+#: builtin/grep.c:1108
 msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
 msgstr "s'han donat ambdós --caches i arbres."
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:82
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
 msgid ""
-"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
-"<file>..."
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"[--] <file>..."
 msgstr ""
-"git hash-object [-t <tipus>] [-w] [--path=<fitxer>|--no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"git hash-object [-t <tipus>] [-w] [--path=<fitxer> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
 "[--] <fitxer>..."
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
-msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>"
-msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <llista-de-camins>"
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:84
+msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
+msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:94 builtin/tag.c:610
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
 msgid "type"
 msgstr "tipus"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:94
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
 msgid "object type"
 msgstr "tipus d'objecte"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:95
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
 msgid "write the object into the object database"
 msgstr "escriu l'objecte a la base de dades d'objectes"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
 msgid "read the object from stdin"
-msgstr "llegiu l'objecte des d'stdin"
+msgstr "llegeix l'objecte des de stdin"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
 msgid "store file as is without filters"
 msgstr "emmagatzema el fitxer tal com és sense filtres"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:100
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:102
 msgid ""
 "just hash any random garbage to create corrupt objects for debugging Git"
 msgstr ""
-"només suma qualsevulla brossa aleatòria per a crear objectes corruptes per a "
+"només suma qualsevol brossa aleatòria per a crear objectes malmesos per a "
 "depurar al Git"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103
 msgid "process file as it were from this path"
 msgstr "processa el fitxer com si fos d'aquest camí"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:41
+#: builtin/help.c:43
 msgid "print all available commands"
 msgstr "imprimeix totes les ordres disponibles"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:42
+#: builtin/help.c:44
+msgid "exclude guides"
+msgstr "exclou guies"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:45
 msgid "print list of useful guides"
 msgstr "imprimeix la llista de guies útils"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:43
+#: builtin/help.c:46
 msgid "show man page"
 msgstr "mostra la pàgina de manual"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:44
+#: builtin/help.c:47
 msgid "show manual in web browser"
 msgstr "mostra la pàgina de manual en el navegador web"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:46
+#: builtin/help.c:49
 msgid "show info page"
 msgstr "mostra la pàgina d'informació"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:52
-msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
-msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [ordre]"
+#: builtin/help.c:55
+msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<command>]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<ordre>]"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:64
+#: builtin/help.c:67
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
-msgstr "format d'ajuda no reconegut '%s'"
+msgstr "format d'ajuda no reconegut «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:91
+#: builtin/help.c:94
 msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en iniciar emacsclient."
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error'ha produït un error en iniciar emacsclient."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:104
+#: builtin/help.c:107
 msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en analitzar la versió d'emacsclient."
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en analitzar la versió d'emacsclient."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:112
+#: builtin/help.c:115
 #, c-format
 msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
-msgstr "la versió d'emacsclient '%d' és massa vella (< 22)."
+msgstr "la versió d'emacsclient «%d» és massa vella (< 22)."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:130 builtin/help.c:158 builtin/help.c:167 builtin/help.c:175
+#: builtin/help.c:133 builtin/help.c:155 builtin/help.c:165 builtin/help.c:173
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en executar '%s': %s"
+msgid "failed to exec '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en executar «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:215
+#: builtin/help.c:211
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
 "Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead."
 msgstr ""
-"'%s': camí a un visualitzador de manuals no compatible.\n"
-"Si us plau, considereu usar 'man.<eina>.cmd' en lloc d'això."
+"«%s»: camí a un visualitzador de manuals no compatible.\n"
+"Considereu usar 'man.<eina>.cmd' en lloc d'això."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:227
+#: builtin/help.c:223
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
 "Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."
 msgstr ""
-"'%s': ordre per a un visualitzador de manuals compatible.\n"
-"Si us plau, considereu usar 'man.<eina>.path' en lloc d'això."
+"«%s»: ordre per a un visualitzador de manuals compatible.\n"
+"Considereu usar 'man.<eina>.path' en lloc d'això."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:354
+#: builtin/help.c:340
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
-msgstr "'%s': visualitzador de manuals desconegut"
+msgstr "«%s»: visualitzador de manuals desconegut."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:371
+#: builtin/help.c:357
 msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "cap visualitzador de manuals ha gestionat la sol·licitud"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:379
+#: builtin/help.c:365
 msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "cap visualitzador d'informació ha gestionat la sol·licitud"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:428
+#: builtin/help.c:407
 msgid "Defining attributes per path"
 msgstr "La definició d'atributs per camí"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:429
+#: builtin/help.c:408
 msgid "Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So"
 msgstr "Git quotidià amb més o menys 20 ordres"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:430
+#: builtin/help.c:409
 msgid "A Git glossary"
 msgstr "Un glossari de Git"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:431
+#: builtin/help.c:410
 msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
 msgstr "Especifica els fitxers intencionalment no seguits a ignorar"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:432
+#: builtin/help.c:411
 msgid "Defining submodule properties"
 msgstr "La definició de les propietats de submòduls"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:433
+#: builtin/help.c:412
 msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
 msgstr "L'especificació de revisions i rangs per al Git"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:434
+#: builtin/help.c:413
 msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)"
-msgstr "Una introducció tutorial al Git (per a la versió 1.5.1 o més nou)"
+msgstr "Una introducció tutorial al Git (per a la versió 1.5.1 o més nova)"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:435
+#: builtin/help.c:414
 msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
 msgstr "Una visió de conjunt de fluxos de treball recomanats amb Git"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:447
+#: builtin/help.c:426
 msgid "The common Git guides are:\n"
 msgstr "Les guies de Git comunes són:\n"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:468 builtin/help.c:485
+#: builtin/help.c:444
 #, c-format
-msgid "usage: %s%s"
-msgstr "ús: %s%s"
+msgid "'%s' is aliased to '%s'"
+msgstr "«%s» és un àlies de «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:501
+#: builtin/help.c:466 builtin/help.c:483
 #, c-format
-msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
-msgstr "`git %s' és un àlies de `%s'"
+msgid "usage: %s%s"
+msgstr "ús: %s%s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:150
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:157
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to open %s"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut obrir %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:200
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:207
 #, c-format
 msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
 msgstr "hi ha una discordança de tipus d'objecte a %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:220
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:227
 #, c-format
 msgid "did not receive expected object %s"
 msgstr "no s'ha rebut l'objecte esperat %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:223
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:230
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s: expected type %s, found %s"
-msgstr "objecte %s: tipus %s esperat, %s trobat"
+msgstr "objecte %s: s'esperava el tipus %s, s'ha trobat %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:265
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:272
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
 msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
 msgstr[0] "no es pot omplir %d octet"
 msgstr[1] "no es pot omplir %d octets"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:275
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:282
 msgid "early EOF"
 msgstr "EOF prematur"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:276
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:283
 msgid "read error on input"
 msgstr "error de lectura d'entrada"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:288
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:295
 msgid "used more bytes than were available"
-msgstr "s'han usat més octets dels que hi havia disponibles"
+msgstr "s'han usat més octets que hi havia disponibles"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:295
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:302
 msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
 msgstr "paquet massa gran per a la definició actual d'off_t"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:311
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:305 builtin/unpack-objects.c:93
+msgid "pack exceeds maximum allowed size"
+msgstr "el paquet supera la mida màxima permesa"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:320
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create '%s'"
-msgstr "no es pot crear '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut crear «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:316
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:326
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
-msgstr "no es pot obrir el fitxer de paquet '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot obrir el fitxer de paquet «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:330
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:340
 msgid "pack signature mismatch"
-msgstr "hi ha una discordança de firma de paquet"
+msgstr "hi ha una discordança de signatura de paquet"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:332
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:342
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
 msgstr "la versió de paquet %<PRIu32> no és compatible"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:350
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:360
 #, c-format
-msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
-msgstr "el paquet té un objecte dolent a la posició %lu: %s"
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
+msgstr "el paquet té un objecte incorrecte a la posició %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:471
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:481
 #, c-format
 msgid "inflate returned %d"
 msgstr "la inflació ha retornat %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:520
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:530
 msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
-msgstr "desbordament de valor de desplaçament per a l'objecte base de delta"
+msgstr ""
+"desbordament de valor de desplaçament per a l'objecte base de diferències"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:528
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:538
 msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
-msgstr "el desplaçament de base de delta està fora de límits"
+msgstr "el desplaçament de base de diferències està fora de límits"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:536
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:546
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown object type %d"
 msgstr "tipus d'objecte desconegut %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:567
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:577
 msgid "cannot pread pack file"
 msgstr "no es pot fer pread en el fitxer de paquet"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:569
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:579
 #, c-format
-msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
-msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
-msgstr[0] "final prematur de fitxer de paquet, manca %lu octet"
-msgstr[1] "final prematur de fitxer de paquet, manquen %lu octets"
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] "el final del fitxer de paquet és prematur, manca %<PRIuMAX> octet"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"el final del fitxer de paquet és prematur, manquen %<PRIuMAX> octets"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:595
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:605
 msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
 msgstr "hi ha una inconsistència seriosa d'inflació"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:686 builtin/index-pack.c:692 builtin/index-pack.c:715
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:749 builtin/index-pack.c:758
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:750 builtin/index-pack.c:756 builtin/index-pack.c:779
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:818 builtin/index-pack.c:827
 #, c-format
 msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
 msgstr "S'HA TROBAT UNA COL·LISIÓ SHA1 AMB %s !"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:689 builtin/pack-objects.c:164
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:256
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:753 builtin/pack-objects.c:182
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:276
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read %s"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:755
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:816
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object info %s"
+msgstr "no es pot llegir la informació d'objecte existent %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:824
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
 msgstr "no es pot llegir l'objecte existent %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:769
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:838
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid blob object %s"
 msgstr "objecte de blob no vàlid %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:783
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:853
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %s"
 msgstr "%s no vàlid"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:787
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:856
 msgid "Error in object"
 msgstr "Error en objecte"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:789
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:858
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
 msgstr "No tots els objectes fills de %s són abastables"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:861 builtin/index-pack.c:890
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:930 builtin/index-pack.c:961
 msgid "failed to apply delta"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en aplicar la delta"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en aplicar la diferència"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1055
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1131
 msgid "Receiving objects"
-msgstr "Rebent objectes"
+msgstr "S'estan rebent objectes"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1055
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1131
 msgid "Indexing objects"
-msgstr "Indexant objectes"
+msgstr "S'estan indexant objectes"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1081
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1165
 msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
-msgstr "el paquet és corromput (discordança SHA1)"
+msgstr "el paquet és malmès (discordança SHA1)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1086
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1170
 msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
 msgstr "no es pot fer fstat en el fitxer de paquet"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1089
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1173
 msgid "pack has junk at the end"
 msgstr "el paquet té brossa al seu final"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1100
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1185
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
-msgstr "confusió més enllà de la insanitat en parse_pack_objects()"
+msgstr "confusió més enllà de la bogeria en parse_pack_objects()"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1123
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1208
 msgid "Resolving deltas"
-msgstr "Resolent les deltes"
+msgstr "S'estan resolent les diferències"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1133
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1219
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut crear fil: %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1175
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1261
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
-msgstr "confusió més enllà de la insanitat"
+msgstr "confusió més enllà de la bogeria"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1181
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1267
 #, c-format
-msgid "completed with %d local objects"
-msgstr "s'ha completat amb %d objectes locals"
+msgid "completed with %d local object"
+msgid_plural "completed with %d local objects"
+msgstr[0] "s'ha completat amb %d objecte local"
+msgstr[1] "s'ha completat amb %d objectes locals"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1191
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1279
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
 msgstr "Suma de verificació final no esperada per a %s (corrupció de disc?)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1195
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1283
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
 msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
-msgstr[0] "El paquet té %d delta no resolta"
-msgstr[1] "El paquet té %d deltes no resoltes"
+msgstr[0] "El paquet té %d diferència no resolta"
+msgstr[1] "El paquet té %d diferències no resoltes"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1220
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1307
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut desinflar l'objecte annexat (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1299
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1383
 #, c-format
 msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
-msgstr "l'objecte local %s és corrupte"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1323
-msgid "error while closing pack file"
-msgstr "error en tancar el fitxer de paquet"
+msgstr "l'objecte local %s és malmès"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1336
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1397
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
-msgstr "no es pot escriure el fitxer a retenir '%s'"
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr "el nom del fitxer de paquet «%s» no acaba amb '.pack'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1344
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1422
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
-msgstr "no es pot tancar el fitxer escrit a retenir '%s'"
+msgid "cannot write %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot escriure «%s» al fitxer «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1430
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "cannot close written %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot tancar el fitxer escrit a mantenir «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1357
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1454
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
+msgstr "error en tancar el fitxer de paquet"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1468
 msgid "cannot store pack file"
 msgstr "no es pot emmagatzemar el fitxer de paquet"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1368
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1476
 msgid "cannot store index file"
 msgstr "no es pot emmagatzemar el fitxer d'índex"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1513
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
-msgstr "pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32> dolent"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1407
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
-msgstr "s'ha especificat un nombre de fils no vàlid (%d)"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1411 builtin/index-pack.c:1590
-#, c-format
-msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
-msgstr "no hi ha suport de fils, ignorant %s"
+msgstr "pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32> incorrecte"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1469
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1581
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
-msgstr "No es pot obrir el fitxer de paquet existent '%s'"
+msgstr "No es pot obrir el fitxer de paquet existent «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1471
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1583
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
-msgstr "No es pot obrir el fitxer d'índex de paquets existent de '%s'"
+msgstr "No es pot obrir el fitxer d'índex de paquets existent de «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1518
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1631
 #, c-format
 msgid "non delta: %d object"
 msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
-msgstr[0] "sense delta: %d objecte"
-msgstr[1] "sense delta: %d objectes"
+msgstr[0] "sense diferències: %d objecte"
+msgstr[1] "sense diferències: %d objectes"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1525
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1638
 #, c-format
 msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
 msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
 msgstr[0] "longitud de cadena = %d: %lu objecte"
 msgstr[1] "longitud de cadena = %d: %lu objectes"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1554
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1675
 msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
 msgstr "No es pot tornar al directori de treball actual"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1602 builtin/index-pack.c:1605
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1617 builtin/index-pack.c:1621
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1724 builtin/index-pack.c:1727
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1743 builtin/index-pack.c:1747
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad %s"
-msgstr "%s dolent"
+msgstr "%s incorrecte"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1635
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1763
 msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
 msgstr "--fix-thin no es pot usar sense --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1639 builtin/index-pack.c:1648
-#, c-format
-msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
-msgstr "el nom de fitxer de paquet '%s' no acaba amb '.pack'"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1765
+msgid "--stdin requires a git repository"
+msgstr "--stdin requereix un dipòsit git"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1656
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1771
 msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
 msgstr "s'ha donat --verify sense nom de fitxer de paquet"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:35
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut fer %s gravable per al grup"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:62
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template name %s"
-msgstr "nom de plantilla increïblement llarg %s"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#: builtin/init-db.c:55
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
-msgstr "no es pot fer stat en '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot fer stat en «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#: builtin/init-db.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
-msgstr "no es pot fer stat en la plantilla '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot fer stat en la plantilla «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#: builtin/init-db.c:66
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
-msgstr "no es pot fer opendir en el directori '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot fer opendir en el directori «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#: builtin/init-db.c:77
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
-msgstr "no es pot fer readlink en '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot fer readlink en «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:99
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
-msgstr "enllaç simbòlic increïblement llarg %s"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#: builtin/init-db.c:79
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
-msgstr "no es pot fer symlink en '%s' '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot fer symlink en «%s» «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#: builtin/init-db.c:85
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr "no es pot copiar '%s' a '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot copiar «%s» a «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#: builtin/init-db.c:89
 #, c-format
 msgid "ignoring template %s"
-msgstr "ignorant la plantilla %s"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:136
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template path %s"
-msgstr "camí de plantilla increïblement llarg %s"
+msgstr "s'està ignorant la plantilla %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:144
+#: builtin/init-db.c:120
 #, c-format
 msgid "templates not found %s"
 msgstr "no s'han trobat les plantilles %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:157
-#, c-format
-msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
-msgstr "no copiant plantilles d'una versió de format errònia %d de '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:197
-#, c-format
-msgid "insane git directory %s"
-msgstr "directori de git boig %s"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:331 builtin/init-db.c:334
+#: builtin/init-db.c:135
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s already exists"
-msgstr "%s ja existeix"
+msgid "not copying templates from '%s': %s"
+msgstr "no s'estan copiant plantilles de «%s»: %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:363
+#: builtin/init-db.c:328
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut gestionar el tipus de fitxer %d"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:366
+#: builtin/init-db.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut moure %s a %s"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
-#. existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
-#. "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
-#: builtin/init-db.c:426
+#: builtin/init-db.c:348 builtin/init-db.c:351
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
-msgstr "%s dipòsit de Git%s a %s%s\n"
+msgid "%s already exists"
+msgstr "%s ja existeix"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:427
-msgid "Reinitialized existing"
-msgstr "S'ha reinicialitzat un existent"
+#: builtin/init-db.c:404
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "S'ha reinicialitzat el dipòsit compartit existent del Git en %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:427
-msgid "Initialized empty"
-msgstr "S'ha inicialitzat un buit"
+#: builtin/init-db.c:405
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "S'ha reinicialitzat el dipòsit existent del Git en %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:428
-msgid " shared"
-msgstr " compartit"
+#: builtin/init-db.c:409
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "S'ha inicialitzat un dipòsit compartit buit del Git en %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:475
+#: builtin/init-db.c:410
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "S'ha inicialitzat un dipòsit buit del Git en %s%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:458
 msgid ""
 "git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--"
-"shared[=<permissions>]] [directory]"
+"shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<directori-de-plantilla>] [--"
-"shared[=<permisos>]] [directori]"
+"shared[=<permisos>]] [<directori>]"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:498
+#: builtin/init-db.c:481
 msgid "permissions"
 msgstr "permisos"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:499
+#: builtin/init-db.c:482
 msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
 msgstr "especifica que el dipòsit de git es compartirà entre diversos usuaris"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:501 builtin/prune-packed.c:57 builtin/repack.c:171
-msgid "be quiet"
-msgstr "calla"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:533 builtin/init-db.c:538
+#: builtin/init-db.c:516 builtin/init-db.c:521
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
 msgstr "no es pot mkdir %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:542
+#: builtin/init-db.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
-msgstr "no es pot chdir a %s"
+msgstr "no es pot canviar de directori a %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:563
+#: builtin/init-db.c:546
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
@@ -6457,411 +9846,579 @@ msgstr ""
 "no es permet %s (o --work-tree=<directori>) sense especificar %s (o --git-"
 "dir=<directori>)"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:591
+#: builtin/init-db.c:574
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
-msgstr "No es pot accedir a l'arbre de treball '%s'"
+msgstr "No es pot accedir a l'arbre de treball «%s»"
 
 #: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git interpret-trailers [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>])...] "
-"[<file>...]"
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"<token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [<file>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git interpret-trailers [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <fitxa>[(=|:)<valor>])...] "
-"[<fitxer>...]"
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"<testimoni>[(=|:)<valor>])...] [<fitxer>...]"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:25
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:92
+msgid "edit files in place"
+msgstr "edita els fitxers in situ"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:93
 msgid "trim empty trailers"
 msgstr "escurça els remolcs buits"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:26
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:96
+msgid "where to place the new trailer"
+msgstr "on ubica"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:98
+msgid "action if trailer already exists"
+msgstr "acció si el «trailer» ja existeix"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:100
+msgid "action if trailer is missing"
+msgstr "acció si el «trailer» falta"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:102
+msgid "output only the trailers"
+msgstr "mostra només els «trailer»"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:103
+msgid "do not apply config rules"
+msgstr "no apliquis les regles de configuració"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:104
+msgid "join whitespace-continued values"
+msgstr "uneix els valors continus amb espais en blanc"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:105
+msgid "set parsing options"
+msgstr "estableix les opcions d'anàlisi"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:107
 msgid "trailer"
 msgstr "remolc"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:27
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:108
 msgid "trailer(s) to add"
 msgstr "remolcs a afegir"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:41
-msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] <path>...]"
-msgstr "git log [<opcions>] [<rang de revisions>] [[--] <camí>...]"
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:117
+msgid "--trailer with --only-input does not make sense"
+msgstr "--trailer amb --only-input no té sentit"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:127
+msgid "no input file given for in-place editing"
+msgstr "no s'ha donat cap fitxer d'entrada per a edició in situ"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:42
-msgid "git show [options] <object>..."
-msgstr "git show [opcions] <objecte>..."
+#: builtin/log.c:48
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git log [<opcions>] [<rang-de-revisions>] [[--] <camí>...]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:81
+#: builtin/log.c:49
+msgid "git show [<options>] <object>..."
+msgstr "git show [<opcions>] <objecte>..."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:93
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid --decorate option: %s"
 msgstr "opció --decorate no vàlida: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:127
+#: builtin/log.c:153
 msgid "suppress diff output"
 msgstr "omet la sortida de diferències"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:128
+#: builtin/log.c:154
 msgid "show source"
-msgstr "mostra el fons"
+msgstr "mostra la font"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:129
+#: builtin/log.c:155
 msgid "Use mail map file"
 msgstr "Usa el fitxer de mapa de correu"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:130
+#: builtin/log.c:157
+msgid "only decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "només decora les referències que coincideixin amb <patró>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:159
+msgid "do not decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "no decoris les referències que coincideixen amb <patró>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:160
 msgid "decorate options"
 msgstr "opcions de decoració"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:133
+#: builtin/log.c:163
 msgid "Process line range n,m in file, counting from 1"
-msgstr "Processa el rang de línies n,m en el fitxer, comptant des de 1"
+msgstr "Processa el rang de línies n,m en el fitxer, comptant des d'1"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:229
+#: builtin/log.c:259
 #, c-format
 msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
 msgstr "Sortida final: %d %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:458
+#: builtin/log.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "git show %s: bad file"
-msgstr "git show %s: fitxer dolent"
+msgstr "git show %s: fitxer incorrecte"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:472 builtin/log.c:564
+#: builtin/log.c:525 builtin/log.c:619
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read object %s"
 msgstr "No es pot llegir l'objecte %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:588
+#: builtin/log.c:643
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown type: %d"
 msgstr "Tipus desconegut: %d"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:689
+#: builtin/log.c:764
 msgid "format.headers without value"
 msgstr "format.headers sense valor"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:773
+#: builtin/log.c:865
 msgid "name of output directory is too long"
 msgstr "el nom del directori de sortida és massa llarg"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:789
+#: builtin/log.c:881
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
 msgstr "No es pot obrir el fitxer de pedaç %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:803
+#: builtin/log.c:898
 msgid "Need exactly one range."
 msgstr "Cal exactament un rang."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:811
+#: builtin/log.c:908
 msgid "Not a range."
 msgstr "No és un rang."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:919
+#: builtin/log.c:1014
 msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
 msgstr "La carta de presentació necessita el format de correu electrònic"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:998
+#: builtin/log.c:1095
 #, c-format
 msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
 msgstr "in-reply-to boig: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1026
-msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
-msgstr "git format-patch [opcions] [<des de> | <rang de revisions>]"
+#: builtin/log.c:1122
+msgid "git format-patch [<options>] [<since> | <revision-range>]"
+msgstr "git format-patch [<opcions>] [<des-de> | <rang-de-revisions>]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1071
+#: builtin/log.c:1172
 msgid "Two output directories?"
-msgstr "Dos directoris de sortida?"
+msgstr "Hi ha dos directoris de sortida?"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1279 builtin/log.c:1932 builtin/log.c:1934 builtin/log.c:1946
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr "Comissió desconeguda %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1289 builtin/notes.c:887 builtin/tag.c:522
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en resoldre «%s» com a referència vàlida."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1294
+msgid "Could not find exact merge base."
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut trobar la base exacta de fusió."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1298
+msgid ""
+"Failed to get upstream, if you want to record base commit automatically,\n"
+"please use git branch --set-upstream-to to track a remote branch.\n"
+"Or you could specify base commit by --base=<base-commit-id> manually."
+msgstr ""
+"S'ha produït un error en obtenir la font. Si voleu registrar la comissió "
+"base\n"
+"automàticament, useu git branch --set-upstream-to per a\n"
+"seguir una branca remota. O podeu especificar la comissió base manualment\n"
+"amb --base=<id-de-comissió-base>."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1318
+msgid "Failed to find exact merge base"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en trobar la base exacta de fusió."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1329
+msgid "base commit should be the ancestor of revision list"
+msgstr "la comissió base ha de ser l'avantpassat de la llista de revisions"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1333
+msgid "base commit shouldn't be in revision list"
+msgstr "la comissió base no ha de ser en la llista de revisions"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1186
+#: builtin/log.c:1382
+msgid "cannot get patch id"
+msgstr "no es pot obtenir l'id del pedaç"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1441
 msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
 msgstr "usa [PATCH n/m] fins i tot amb un sol pedaç"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1189
+#: builtin/log.c:1444
 msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
 msgstr "usa [PATCH] fins i tot amb múltiples pedaços"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1193
+#: builtin/log.c:1448
 msgid "print patches to standard out"
 msgstr "imprimeix els pedaços a la sortida estàndard"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1195
+#: builtin/log.c:1450
 msgid "generate a cover letter"
 msgstr "genera una carta de presentació"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1197
+#: builtin/log.c:1452
 msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
 msgstr "usa una seqüència de números per als noms dels fitxers de sortida"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1198
+#: builtin/log.c:1453
 msgid "sfx"
 msgstr "sufix"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1199
+#: builtin/log.c:1454
 msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
 msgstr "usa <sufix> en lloc de '.patch'"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1201
+#: builtin/log.c:1456
 msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
-msgstr "comença nombrant els pedaços a <n> en lloc d'1"
+msgstr "comença numerant els pedaços a <n> en lloc d'1"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1203
+#: builtin/log.c:1458
 msgid "mark the series as Nth re-roll"
 msgstr "marca la sèrie com a l'enèsima llançada"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1205
+#: builtin/log.c:1460
+msgid "Use [RFC PATCH] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "Usa [RFC PATCH] en lloc de [PATCH]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1463
 msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
 msgstr "Usa [<prefix>] en lloc de [PATCH]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1208
+#: builtin/log.c:1466
 msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
 msgstr "emmagatzema els fitxers resultants a <directori>"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1211
+#: builtin/log.c:1469
 msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
 msgstr "no despullis/afegeixis [PATCH]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1214
+#: builtin/log.c:1472
 msgid "don't output binary diffs"
 msgstr "no emetis diferències binàries"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1216
+#: builtin/log.c:1474
+msgid "output all-zero hash in From header"
+msgstr "emet un hash de tots zeros en la capçalera From"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1476
 msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
 msgstr "no incloguis pedaços que coincideixin amb comissions a la font"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1218
+#: builtin/log.c:1478
 msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
 msgstr ""
 "mostra el format de pedaç en lloc del per defecte (pedaç + estadístiques)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1220
+#: builtin/log.c:1480
 msgid "Messaging"
 msgstr "Missatgeria"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1221
+#: builtin/log.c:1481
 msgid "header"
 msgstr "capçalera"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1222
+#: builtin/log.c:1482
 msgid "add email header"
 msgstr "afegeix una capçalera de correu electrònic"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1223 builtin/log.c:1225
+#: builtin/log.c:1483 builtin/log.c:1485
 msgid "email"
 msgstr "correu electrònic"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1223
+#: builtin/log.c:1483
 msgid "add To: header"
 msgstr "afegeix la capçalera To:"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1225
+#: builtin/log.c:1485
 msgid "add Cc: header"
 msgstr "afegeix la capçalera Cc:"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1227
+#: builtin/log.c:1487
 msgid "ident"
 msgstr "identitat"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1228
+#: builtin/log.c:1488
 msgid "set From address to <ident> (or committer ident if absent)"
 msgstr ""
 "estableix l'adreça From a <identitat> (o la identitat del comitent si manca)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1230
+#: builtin/log.c:1490
 msgid "message-id"
 msgstr "ID de missatge"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1231
+#: builtin/log.c:1491
 msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
-msgstr "fes del primer missatge una resposta a <ID de missatge>"
+msgstr "fes que el primer missatge sigui una resposta a <ID de missatge>"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1232 builtin/log.c:1235
+#: builtin/log.c:1492 builtin/log.c:1495
 msgid "boundary"
 msgstr "límit"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1233
+#: builtin/log.c:1493
 msgid "attach the patch"
-msgstr "ajunta el pedaç"
+msgstr "adjunta el pedaç"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1236
+#: builtin/log.c:1496
 msgid "inline the patch"
 msgstr "posa el pedaç en el cos"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1240
+#: builtin/log.c:1500
 msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
 msgstr "habilita l'enfilada de missatges, estils: shallow, deep"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1242
+#: builtin/log.c:1502
 msgid "signature"
-msgstr "firma"
+msgstr "signatura"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1243
+#: builtin/log.c:1503
 msgid "add a signature"
-msgstr "afegeix una firma"
+msgstr "afegeix una signatura"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1245
+#: builtin/log.c:1504
+msgid "base-commit"
+msgstr "comissió base"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1505
+msgid "add prerequisite tree info to the patch series"
+msgstr "afegeix la informació d'arbre prerequerida a la sèrie de pedaços"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1507
 msgid "add a signature from a file"
-msgstr "afegeix una firma des d'un fitxer"
+msgstr "afegeix una signatura des d'un fitxer"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1246
+#: builtin/log.c:1508
 msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
 msgstr "no imprimeixis els noms de fitxer del pedaç"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1320
+#: builtin/log.c:1510
+msgid "show progress while generating patches"
+msgstr "mostra el progrés durant la generació de pedaços"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1585
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid ident line: %s"
 msgstr "línia d'identitat no vàlida: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1335
+#: builtin/log.c:1600
 msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
-msgstr "-n i -k són mutualment exclusius."
+msgstr "-n i -k són mútuament excloents."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1337
-msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
-msgstr "--subject-prefix i -k són mutualment exclusius."
+#: builtin/log.c:1602
+msgid "--subject-prefix/--rfc and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "--subject-prefix/--rfc i -k són mútuament excloents."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1345
+#: builtin/log.c:1610
 msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
 msgstr "--name-only no té sentit"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1347
+#: builtin/log.c:1612
 msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
 msgstr "--name-status no té sentit"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1349
+#: builtin/log.c:1614
 msgid "--check does not make sense"
 msgstr "--check no té sentit"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1372
+#: builtin/log.c:1646
 msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
 msgstr "sortida estàndard o directori, quin dels dos?"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1374
+#: builtin/log.c:1648
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut crear el directori '%s'"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut crear el directori «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1472
+#: builtin/log.c:1741
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read signature file '%s'"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir el fitxer de firma '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir el fitxer de signatura «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1773
+msgid "Generating patches"
+msgstr "S'estan generant els pedaços"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1535
+#: builtin/log.c:1817
 msgid "Failed to create output files"
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en crear els fitxers de sortida"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en crear els fitxers de sortida"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1583
+#: builtin/log.c:1867
 msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
 msgstr "git cherry [-v] [<font> [<cap> [<límit>]]]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1638
+#: builtin/log.c:1921
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"No s'ha pogut trobar una branca remota seguida. Si us plau, especifiqueu "
-"<font> manualment.\n"
-
-#: builtin/log.c:1651 builtin/log.c:1653 builtin/log.c:1665
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unknown commit %s"
-msgstr "Comissió desconeguda %s"
+"No s'ha pogut trobar una branca remota seguida. Especifiqueu <font> "
+"manualment.\n"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:401
-msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git ls-files [opcions] [<fitxer>...]"
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+msgid "git ls-files [<options>] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-files [<opcions>] [<fitxer>...]"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:458
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:517
 msgid "identify the file status with tags"
 msgstr "identifica l'estat de fitxer amb etiquetes"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:460
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:519
 msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
 msgstr "usa lletres minúscules per als fitxers 'assume unchanged'"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:462
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:521
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'fsmonitor clean' files"
+msgstr "usa lletres minúscules per als fitxers 'fsmonitor clean'"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:523
 msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
 msgstr ""
 "mostra en la sortida els fitxers desats en la memòria cau (per defecte)"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:464
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:525
 msgid "show deleted files in the output"
 msgstr "mostra en la sortida els fitxers suprimits"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:466
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:527
 msgid "show modified files in the output"
 msgstr "mostra en la sortida els fitxers modificats"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:529
 msgid "show other files in the output"
 msgstr "mostra en la sortida els altres fitxers"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:470
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:531
 msgid "show ignored files in the output"
 msgstr "mostra en la sortida els fitxers ignorats"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:534
 msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
-msgstr "mostra en la sortida el nom d'objecte dels continguts allistats"
+msgstr "mostra en la sortida el nom d'objecte dels continguts «stage»"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:536
 msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
 msgstr "mostra els fitxers en el sistema de fitxers que s'han d'eliminar"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:477
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:538
 msgid "show 'other' directories' names only"
 msgstr "mostra només els noms dels directoris 'other'"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:540
+msgid "show line endings of files"
+msgstr "mostra els terminadors de línia dels fitxers"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:542
 msgid "don't show empty directories"
 msgstr "no mostris els directoris buits"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:483
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:545
 msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
 msgstr "mostra en la sortida els fitxers sense fusionar"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:547
 msgid "show resolve-undo information"
 msgstr "mostra la informació de resolució de desfet"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:487
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:549
 msgid "skip files matching pattern"
-msgstr "salta els fitxers coincidents amb el patró"
+msgstr "omet els fitxers coincidents amb el patró"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:552
 msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
 msgstr "els patrons d'exclusió es llegeixen de <fitxer>"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:493
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:555
 msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
 msgstr "llegeix els patrons addicionals d'exclusió per directori en <fitxer>"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:557
 msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
 msgstr "afegeix les exclusions estàndards de git"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:560
 msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
 msgstr "fes que la sortida sigui relativa al directori superior del projecte"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:501
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:563
+msgid "recurse through submodules"
+msgstr "inclou recursivament als submòduls"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:565
 msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
-msgstr "si qualsevol <fitxer> no és en l'índex, tracta això com a error"
+msgstr "si qualsevol <fitxer> no és en l'índex, tracta-ho com a error"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:502
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:566
 msgid "tree-ish"
 msgstr "arbre"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:567
 msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
 msgstr ""
-"pretén que els camins eliminats després de <arbre> encara estiguin presents"
+"pretén que els camins eliminats després de <arbre> encara siguin presents"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:505
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:569
 msgid "show debugging data"
 msgstr "mostra les dades de depuració"
 
-#: builtin/ls-tree.c:28
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:7
+msgid ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<repository> [<refs>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs]\n"
+"                     [--upload-pack=<executable>] [-q | --quiet]\n"
+"                     [--exit-code] [--get-url] [--symref]\n"
+"                     [<dipòsit> [<referències>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:52
+msgid "do not print remote URL"
+msgstr "no imprimeixis l'URL remot"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:53 builtin/ls-remote.c:55
+msgid "exec"
+msgstr "executable"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:54 builtin/ls-remote.c:56
+msgid "path of git-upload-pack on the remote host"
+msgstr "camí a git-upload-pack en la màquina remota"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:58
+msgid "limit to tags"
+msgstr "limita a etiquetes"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:59
+msgid "limit to heads"
+msgstr "limita a caps"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:60
+msgid "do not show peeled tags"
+msgstr "no mostris les etiquetes pelades"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:62
+msgid "take url.<base>.insteadOf into account"
+msgstr "tingues en compte url.<base>.insteadOf"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:64
+msgid "exit with exit code 2 if no matching refs are found"
+msgstr "surt amb codi de sortida 2 si no es troba cap referència coincident"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:67
+msgid "show underlying ref in addition to the object pointed by it"
+msgstr "mostra la referència subjacent a més de l'objecte que senyali"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:29
 msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr "git ls-tree [<opcions>] <arbre> [<camí>...]"
 
@@ -6871,11 +10428,11 @@ msgstr "mostra només els arbres"
 
 #: builtin/ls-tree.c:129
 msgid "recurse into subtrees"
-msgstr "recursa als subarbres"
+msgstr "inclou recursivament als subarbres"
 
 #: builtin/ls-tree.c:131
 msgid "show trees when recursing"
-msgstr "mostra els arbres en recursar"
+msgstr "mostra els arbres quan es treballa recursivament"
 
 #: builtin/ls-tree.c:134
 msgid "terminate entries with NUL byte"
@@ -6898,181 +10455,188 @@ msgid "list entire tree; not just current directory (implies --full-name)"
 msgstr ""
 "llista l'arbre sencer; no només el directori actual (implica --full-name)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:45
-msgid "git merge [options] [<commit>...]"
-msgstr "git merge [opcions] [<comissió>...]"
+#: builtin/mailsplit.c:241
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty mbox: '%s'"
+msgstr "mbox buit: «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:46
-msgid "git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
-msgstr "git merge [opcions] <missatge> HEAD <comissió>"
+#: builtin/merge.c:49
+msgid "git merge [<options>] [<commit>...]"
+msgstr "git merge [<opcions>] [<comissió>...]"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:47
+#: builtin/merge.c:50
 msgid "git merge --abort"
 msgstr "git merge --abort"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:100
+#: builtin/merge.c:51
+msgid "git merge --continue"
+msgstr "git merge --continue"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:108
 msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
-msgstr "l'opció `m' requereix un valor"
+msgstr "l'opció «m» requereix un valor"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:137
+#: builtin/merge.c:145
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut trobar l'estratègia de fusió '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut trobar l'estratègia de fusió «%s».\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:138
+#: builtin/merge.c:146
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available strategies are:"
 msgstr "Les estratègies disponibles són:"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:143
+#: builtin/merge.c:151
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
 msgstr "Les estratègies personalitzades disponibles són:"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:193
+#: builtin/merge.c:201 builtin/pull.c:137
 msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
 msgstr "no mostris les estadístiques de diferència al final de la fusió"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:196
+#: builtin/merge.c:204 builtin/pull.c:140
 msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
 msgstr "mostra les estadístiques de diferència al final de la fusió"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:197
+#: builtin/merge.c:205 builtin/pull.c:143
 msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
 msgstr "(sinònim de --stat)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:199
+#: builtin/merge.c:207 builtin/pull.c:146
 msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
 msgstr ""
-"afegeix (com a màxim <n>) entrades del registre curt per a fusionar el "
-"missatge de comissió"
+"afegeix (com a màxim <n>) entrades del registre curt al missatge de comissió "
+"de fusió"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:202
+#: builtin/merge.c:210 builtin/pull.c:152
 msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
 msgstr "crea una única comissió en lloc de fusionar"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:204
+#: builtin/merge.c:212 builtin/pull.c:155
 msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
 msgstr "realitza una comissió si la fusió té èxit (per defecte)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:206
+#: builtin/merge.c:214 builtin/pull.c:158
 msgid "edit message before committing"
 msgstr "edita el missatge abans de cometre"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:207
+#: builtin/merge.c:215
 msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
 msgstr "permet l'avanç ràpid (per defecte)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:209
+#: builtin/merge.c:217 builtin/pull.c:164
 msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
 msgstr "avorta si l'avanç ràpid no és possible"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:213
-msgid "Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
-msgstr "Verifica que la comissió anomenada tingui una firma GPG vàlida"
+#: builtin/merge.c:221 builtin/pull.c:167
+msgid "verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+msgstr "verifica que la comissió anomenada tingui una signatura GPG vàlida"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:214 builtin/notes.c:753 builtin/revert.c:89
+#: builtin/merge.c:222 builtin/notes.c:777 builtin/pull.c:171
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "strategy"
 msgstr "estratègia"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:215
+#: builtin/merge.c:223 builtin/pull.c:172
 msgid "merge strategy to use"
 msgstr "estratègia de fusió a usar"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:216
+#: builtin/merge.c:224 builtin/pull.c:175
 msgid "option=value"
 msgstr "opció=valor"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:217
+#: builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/pull.c:176
 msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
 msgstr "opció per a l'estratègia de fusió seleccionada"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:219
+#: builtin/merge.c:227
 msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
 msgstr "missatge de comissió de fusió (per a una fusió no d'avanç ràpid)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:223
+#: builtin/merge.c:231
 msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
 msgstr "avorta la fusió en curs actual"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:251
+#: builtin/merge.c:233
+msgid "continue the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "continua la fusió en curs actual"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:235 builtin/pull.c:183
+msgid "allow merging unrelated histories"
+msgstr "permet fusionar històries no relacionades"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:241
+msgid "verify commit-msg hook"
+msgstr "verifica el lligam de missatge de comissió"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:266
 msgid "could not run stash."
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut executar stash."
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut executar «stash»."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:256
+#: builtin/merge.c:271
 msgid "stash failed"
-msgstr "L'emmagatzemament ha fallat."
+msgstr "l'«stash» ha fallat"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:261
+#: builtin/merge.c:276
 #, c-format
 msgid "not a valid object: %s"
 msgstr "no és un objecte vàlid: %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:280 builtin/merge.c:297
+#: builtin/merge.c:298 builtin/merge.c:315
 msgid "read-tree failed"
 msgstr "read-tree ha fallat"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:327
+#: builtin/merge.c:345
 msgid " (nothing to squash)"
-msgstr " (res a aixafar)"
+msgstr " (res a fer «squash»)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:340
+#: builtin/merge.c:356
 #, c-format
 msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
-msgstr "Comissió d'aixafada -- no actualitzant HEAD\n"
+msgstr "Comissió «squash» -- no s'està actualitzant HEAD\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:372
-msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "Escrivint SQUASH_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:374
-msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "Finalitzant SQUASH_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:397
+#: builtin/merge.c:406
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
-msgstr "Cap missatge de fusió -- no actualitzant HEAD\n"
+msgstr "Cap missatge de fusió -- no s'està actualitzant HEAD\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:447
+#: builtin/merge.c:456
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
-msgstr "'%s' no assenyala una comissió"
+msgstr "«%s» no assenyala una comissió"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:559
+#: builtin/merge.c:546
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
-msgstr "Cadena branch.%s.mergeoptions dolenta: %s"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:654
-msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
-msgstr "git write-tree ha fallat en escriure un arbre"
+msgstr "Cadena branch.%s.mergeoptions incorrecta: %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:678
+#: builtin/merge.c:668
 msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
-msgstr "No gestionant res a part de la fusió de dos caps."
+msgstr "No s'està gestionant res a part de la fusió de dos caps."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:692
+#: builtin/merge.c:682
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
 msgstr "Opció desconeguda de merge-recursive: -X%s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:705
+#: builtin/merge.c:697
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write %s"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:794
+#: builtin/merge.c:749
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut llegir de '%s'"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut llegir de «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:803
+#: builtin/merge.c:758
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
-msgstr "No cometent la fusió; useu 'git commit' per a completar la fusió.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"No s'està cometent la fusió; useu 'git commit' per a completar la fusió.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:809
+#: builtin/merge.c:764
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
@@ -7081,226 +10645,254 @@ msgid ""
 "Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
 "the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Si us plau, introduïu un missatge de comissió per a explicar per què\n"
+"Introduïu un missatge de comissió per a explicar per què\n"
 "aquesta fusió és necessària, especialment si fusiona una font\n"
 "actualitzada a una branca temàtica.\n"
 "\n"
 "S'ignoraran les línies que comencin amb '%c', i un missatge buit\n"
 "avorta la comissió.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:833
+#: builtin/merge.c:800
 msgid "Empty commit message."
-msgstr "Missatge de comissió buit."
+msgstr "El missatge de comissió és buit."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:845
+#: builtin/merge.c:820
 #, c-format
 msgid "Wonderful.\n"
 msgstr "Meravellós.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:900
+#: builtin/merge.c:873
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "La fusió automàtica ha fallat; arregleu els conflictes i després cometeu el "
 "resultat.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:916
-#, c-format
-msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
-msgstr "'%s' no és una comissió"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:957
+#: builtin/merge.c:912
 msgid "No current branch."
-msgstr "Cap branca actual."
+msgstr "No hi ha cap branca actual."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:959
+#: builtin/merge.c:914
 msgid "No remote for the current branch."
 msgstr "No hi ha cap remot per a la branca actual."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:961
+#: builtin/merge.c:916
 msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
 msgstr "No hi ha cap font per defecte definida per a la branca actual."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:966
+#: builtin/merge.c:921
 #, c-format
 msgid "No remote-tracking branch for %s from %s"
-msgstr "No hi ha cap branca de seguiment remot per a %s de %s"
+msgstr "No hi ha cap branca amb seguiment remot per a %s de %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:974
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad value '%s' in environment '%s'"
+msgstr "Valor incorrecte «%s» en l'entorn «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1076
+#, c-format
+msgid "not something we can merge in %s: %s"
+msgstr "no és quelcom que puguem fusionar en %s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1110
+msgid "not something we can merge"
+msgstr "no és quelcom que puguem fusionar"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1122
+#: builtin/merge.c:1212
+msgid "--abort expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--abort no accepta paràmetres"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1216
 msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
 msgstr "No hi ha fusió a avortar (manca MERGE_HEAD)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1138
+#: builtin/merge.c:1228
+msgid "--continue expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--continue no accepta paràmetres"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1232
+msgid "There is no merge in progress (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "No hi ha cap fusió en curs (manca MERGE_HEAD)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1248
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you merge."
 msgstr ""
-"No heu completat la vostra fusió (MERGE_HEAD existeix).\n"
-"Si us plau, cometeu els vostres canvis abans de fusionar."
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1141 git-pull.sh:34
-msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
-msgstr "No heu completat la vostra fusió (MERGE_HEAD existeix)."
+"No heu conclòs la vostra fusió (MERGE_HEAD existeix).\n"
+"Cometeu els vostres canvis abans de fusionar."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1145
+#: builtin/merge.c:1255
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you merge."
 msgstr ""
-"No heu completat el vostre recull de cireres (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD existeix).\n"
-"Si us plau, cometeu els vostres canvis abans de fusionar."
+"No heu conclòs el vostre «cherry pick» (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD existeix).\n"
+"Cometeu els vostres canvis abans de fusionar."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1148
+#: builtin/merge.c:1258
 msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
-msgstr ""
-"No heu completat el vostre recull de cireres (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD existeix)."
+msgstr "No heu conclòs el vostre «cherry pick» (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD existeix)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1157
+#: builtin/merge.c:1267
 msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
 msgstr "No podeu combinar --squash amb --no-ff."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1166
+#: builtin/merge.c:1275
 msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
 msgstr ""
 "No hi ha una comissió especificada i merge.defaultToUpstream no està "
 "establert."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1198
-msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
-msgstr "Es pot fusionar només exactament una comissió a un cap buit"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1201
+#: builtin/merge.c:1292
 msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
-msgstr "Aixafar una comissió a un cap buit encara no es permet"
+msgstr "Una comissió «squash» a un HEAD buit encara no es permet"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1203
+#: builtin/merge.c:1294
 msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
-msgstr "Una comissió no d'avanç ràpid no té sentit a un cap buit"
+msgstr "Una comissió no d'avanç ràpid no té sentit a un HEAD buit"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1208
+#: builtin/merge.c:1299
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
 msgstr "%s - no és una cosa que puguem fusionar"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1259
+#: builtin/merge.c:1301
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr "Es pot fusionar només una comissió a un HEAD buit"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1335
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, allegedly by %s."
-msgstr "La comissió %s té una firma GPG no fiable, suposadament de %s."
+msgstr "La comissió %s té una signatura GPG no fiable, suposadament de %s."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1262
+#: builtin/merge.c:1338
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has a bad GPG signature allegedly by %s."
-msgstr "La comissió %s té una firma GPG dolenta suposadament de %s."
+msgstr "La comissió %s té una signatura GPG incorrecta suposadament de %s."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1265
+#: builtin/merge.c:1341
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."
-msgstr "La comissió %s no té firma GPG."
+msgstr "La comissió %s no té signatura GPG."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1268
+#: builtin/merge.c:1344
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"
-msgstr "La comissió %s té una firma GPG bona de %s\n"
+msgstr "La comissió %s té una signatura GPG bona de %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1403
+msgid "refusing to merge unrelated histories"
+msgstr "s'està refusant fusionar històries no relacionades"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1412
+msgid "Already up to date."
+msgstr "Ja està al dia."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1349
+#: builtin/merge.c:1422
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
-msgstr "Actualitzant %s..%s\n"
+msgstr "S'estan actualitzant %s..%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1388
+#: builtin/merge.c:1463
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
-msgstr "Intentant una fusió molt trivial en l'índex...\n"
+msgstr "S'està intentant una fusió molt trivial en l'índex...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1395
+#: builtin/merge.c:1470
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nope.\n"
 msgstr "No.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1427
+#: builtin/merge.c:1495
+msgid "Already up to date. Yeeah!"
+msgstr "Ja està al dia. Estupend!"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1501
 msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
-msgstr "No és possible avançar ràpidament, avortant."
+msgstr "No és possible avançar ràpidament, s'està avortant."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1450 builtin/merge.c:1529
+#: builtin/merge.c:1524 builtin/merge.c:1603
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
-msgstr "Rebobinant l'arbre a la pristina...\n"
+msgstr "S'està rebobinant l'arbre a la pristina...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1454
+#: builtin/merge.c:1528
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
-msgstr "Intentant l'estratègia de fusió %s...\n"
+msgstr "S'està intentant l'estratègia de fusió %s...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1520
+#: builtin/merge.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
 msgstr "Cap estratègia de fusió ha gestionat la fusió.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1522
+#: builtin/merge.c:1596
 #, c-format
 msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
 msgstr "L'estratègia de fusió %s ha fallat.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1531
+#: builtin/merge.c:1605
 #, c-format
 msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
-msgstr "Usant el %s per a preparar la resolució a mà.\n"
+msgstr "S'està usant el %s per a preparar la resolució a mà.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1543
+#: builtin/merge.c:1617
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
 msgstr ""
-"La fusió automàtica ha sortit bé; s'ha aturat abans de cometre tal i com "
-"s'havia demanat\n"
-
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:29
-msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>..."
-msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] <comissió> <comissió>..."
+"La fusió automàtica ha sortit bé; s'ha aturat abans de cometre com s'havia "
+"demanat\n"
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:30
-msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>..."
-msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <comissió>..."
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] <commit> <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] <comissió> <comissió>..."
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:31
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <comissió>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
 msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
 msgstr "git merge-base --independent <comissió>..."
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
 msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
 msgstr "git merge-base --is-ancestor <comissió> <comissió>"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:34
 msgid "git merge-base --fork-point <ref> [<commit>]"
 msgstr "git merge-base --fork-point <referència> [<comissió>]"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:214
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
 msgid "output all common ancestors"
 msgstr "emet tots els avantpassats comuns"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:216
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
 msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
-msgstr "troba els avantpassats per a una sola fusió de n vies"
+msgstr "troba els avantpassats per a una sola fusió d'n vies"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:218
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:224
 msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
 msgstr "llista les revisions no abastables d'altres"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:226
 msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
-msgstr "és el primer un avantpassat de l'altre?"
+msgstr "és la primera un avantpassat de l'altre?"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:228
 msgid "find where <commit> forked from reflog of <ref>"
 msgstr ""
 "troba on <comissió> s'ha bifurcat del registre de referències de <referència>"
 
-#: builtin/merge-file.c:8
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:9
 msgid ""
-"git merge-file [options] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file "
-"file2"
+"git merge-file [<options>] [-L <name1> [-L <orig> [-L <name2>]]] <file1> "
+"<orig-file> <file2>"
 msgstr ""
-"git merge-file [opcions] [-L nom1 [-L original [-L nom2]]] fitxer1 "
-"fitxer_original fitxer2"
+"git merge-file [<opcions>] [-L <nom1> [-L <original> [-L <nom2>]]] <fitxer1> "
+"<fitxer-original> <fitxer2>"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:33
 msgid "send results to standard output"
@@ -7312,11 +10904,11 @@ msgstr "usa una fusió basada en diff3"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:35
 msgid "for conflicts, use our version"
-msgstr "en conflictes, usa la versió nostra"
+msgstr "en conflictes, usa la nostra versió"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:37
 msgid "for conflicts, use their version"
-msgstr "en conflictes, usa la versió seva"
+msgstr "en conflictes, usa la seva versió"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:39
 msgid "for conflicts, use a union version"
@@ -7331,448 +10923,521 @@ msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
 msgstr "no avisis de conflictes"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:45
-msgid "set labels for file1/orig_file/file2"
-msgstr "estableix les etiquetes per a fitxer1/fitxer_original/fitxer2"
+msgid "set labels for file1/orig-file/file2"
+msgstr "estableix les etiquetes per a fitxer1/fitxer-original/fitxer2"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:45
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option %s"
+msgstr "opció desconeguda %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:51
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar l'objecte «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:55
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d base. Ignoring %s."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d bases. Ignoring %s."
+msgstr[0] "no es pot gestionar més d'%d base. S'està ignorant %s."
+msgstr[1] "no es poden gestionar més de %d bases. S'està ignorant %s."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:63
+msgid "not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "no s'està gestionant res a part de la fusió de dos caps."
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:64
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:69 builtin/merge-recursive.c:71
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve ref '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut resoldre la referència «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merging %s with %s\n"
+msgstr "S'està fusionant %s amb %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:65
 msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
 msgstr "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:150
+#: builtin/mktree.c:153
 msgid "input is NUL terminated"
 msgstr "l'entrada és acabada amb NUL"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:151 builtin/write-tree.c:24
+#: builtin/mktree.c:154 builtin/write-tree.c:25
 msgid "allow missing objects"
 msgstr "permet els objectes absents"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:152
+#: builtin/mktree.c:155
 msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
 msgstr "permet la creació de més d'un arbre"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:15
-msgid "git mv [options] <source>... <destination>"
-msgstr "git mv [opcions] <font>... <destí>"
+#: builtin/mv.c:17
+msgid "git mv [<options>] <source>... <destination>"
+msgstr "git mv [<opcions>] <font>... <destí>"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:69
+#: builtin/mv.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "Directory %s is in index and no submodule?"
 msgstr "El directori %s és en l'índex i no hi ha cap submòdul?"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:71
+#: builtin/mv.c:85 builtin/rm.c:289
 msgid "Please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
 msgstr ""
-"Si us plau, allisteu els vostres canvis a .gitmodules o emmagatzemeu-los per "
-"a procedir"
+"Feu «stage» dels vostres canvis a .gitmodules o feu «stash» dels mateixos "
+"per a procedir"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:89
+#: builtin/mv.c:103
 #, c-format
 msgid "%.*s is in index"
 msgstr "%.*s és en l'índex"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:111
+#: builtin/mv.c:125
 msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
 msgstr "força el moviment / canvi de nom encara que el destí existeixi"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:112
+#: builtin/mv.c:127
 msgid "skip move/rename errors"
 msgstr "omet els errors de moviment / canvi de nom"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:151
+#: builtin/mv.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination '%s' is not a directory"
-msgstr "el destí '%s' no és un directori"
+msgstr "el destí «%s» no és un directori"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:162
+#: builtin/mv.c:179
 #, c-format
 msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
-msgstr "Comprovant el canvi de nom de '%s' a '%s'\n"
+msgstr "S'està comprovant el canvi de nom de «%s» a «%s»\n"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:166
+#: builtin/mv.c:183
 msgid "bad source"
-msgstr "font dolenta"
+msgstr "font incorrecta"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:169
+#: builtin/mv.c:186
 msgid "can not move directory into itself"
 msgstr "no es pot moure un directori a dins d'ell mateix"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:172
+#: builtin/mv.c:189
 msgid "cannot move directory over file"
 msgstr "no es pot moure un directori sobre un fitxer"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#: builtin/mv.c:198
 msgid "source directory is empty"
 msgstr "el directori font està buit"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:206
+#: builtin/mv.c:223
 msgid "not under version control"
 msgstr "no està sota control de versions"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:209
+#: builtin/mv.c:226
 msgid "destination exists"
 msgstr "el destí existeix"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:217
+#: builtin/mv.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "overwriting '%s'"
-msgstr "sobreescrivint '%s'"
+msgstr "s'està sobreescrivint «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:220
+#: builtin/mv.c:237
 msgid "Cannot overwrite"
 msgstr "No es pot sobreescriure"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:223
+#: builtin/mv.c:240
 msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
 msgstr "múltiples fonts per al mateix destí"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:225
+#: builtin/mv.c:242
 msgid "destination directory does not exist"
 msgstr "el directori destí no existeix"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:232
+#: builtin/mv.c:249
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
 msgstr "%s, origen=%s, destí=%s"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:253
+#: builtin/mv.c:270
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
-msgstr "Canviant el nom de %s a %s\n"
+msgstr "S'està canviant el nom de %s a %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:256 builtin/remote.c:728 builtin/repack.c:355
+#: builtin/mv.c:276 builtin/remote.c:712 builtin/repack.c:394
 #, c-format
 msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
-msgstr "el canvi del nom de '%s' ha fallat"
+msgstr "el canvi del nom de «%s» ha fallat"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:255
-msgid "git name-rev [options] <commit>..."
-msgstr "git name-rev [opcions] <comissió>..."
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:338
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git name-rev [<opcions>] <comissió>..."
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:256
-msgid "git name-rev [options] --all"
-msgstr "git name-rev [opcions] --all"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:339
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --all"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<opcions>] --all"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:257
-msgid "git name-rev [options] --stdin"
-msgstr "git name-rev [opcions] --stdin"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:340
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --stdin"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<opcions>] --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:309
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:395
 msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
 msgstr "imprimeix només els noms (sense SHA-1)"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:310
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:396
 msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
 msgstr "només usa les etiquetes per a anomenar les comissions"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:312
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:398
 msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
 msgstr "només usa les referències que coincideixin amb <patró>"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:314
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:400
+msgid "ignore refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "ignora les referències que coincideixin amb <patró>"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:402
 msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
 msgstr "llista totes les comissions abastables de totes les referències"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:315
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:403
 msgid "read from stdin"
-msgstr "llegeix d'stdin"
+msgstr "llegeix de stdin"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:316
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:404
 msgid "allow to print `undefined` names (default)"
 msgstr "permet imprimir els noms `undefined` (per defecte)"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:322
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:410
 msgid "dereference tags in the input (internal use)"
-msgstr "dereferencia les etiquetes en l'entrada (ús intern)"
+msgstr "desreferencia les etiquetes en l'entrada (ús intern)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:24
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <referència_de_notes>] [llista [<objecte>]]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:26
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <referència-de-notes>] [llista [<objecte>]]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:25
+#: builtin/notes.c:27
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
 "| (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git notes [--ref <referència_de_notes>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m "
+"git notes [--ref <referència-de-notes>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m "
 "<missatge> | -F <fitxer> | (-c | -C) <objecte>] [<objecte>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:26
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:28
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
 msgstr ""
-"git notes [--ref <referència_de_notes>] copy [-f] <d'objecte> <a-objecte>"
+"git notes [--ref <referència-de-notes>] copy [-f] <d'objecte> <a-objecte>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:27
+#: builtin/notes.c:29
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
 "(-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git notes [--ref <referència_de_notes>] append [--allow-empty] [-m "
+"git notes [--ref <referència-de-notes>] append [--allow-empty] [-m "
 "<missatge> | -F <fitxer> | (-c | -C) <objecte>] [<objecte>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:28
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:30
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git notes [--ref <referència_de_notes>] edit [--allow-empty] [<objecte>]"
+"git notes [--ref <referència-de-notes>] edit [--allow-empty] [<objecte>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:29
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <referència_de_notes>] show [<objecte>]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:31
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] show [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <referència-de-notes>] show [<objecte>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:30
+#: builtin/notes.c:32
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>"
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy>] <notes-ref>"
 msgstr ""
-"git notes [--ref <referència_de_notes>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <estratègia> ] "
-"<referència_de_notes>"
+"git notes [--ref <referència-de-notes>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <estratègia>] "
+"<referència-de-notes>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:31
+#: builtin/notes.c:33
 msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:32
+#: builtin/notes.c:34
 msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:33
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<object>...]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <referència_de_notes>] remove [<objecte>...]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:35
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] remove [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <referència-de-notes>] remove [<objecte>...]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:34
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <referència_de_notes>] prune [-n | -v]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:36
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] prune [-n] [-v]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <referència-de-notes>] prune [-n] [-v]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:35
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <referència_de_notes>] get-ref"
+#: builtin/notes.c:37
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] get-ref"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <referència-de-notes>] get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:40
+#: builtin/notes.c:42
 msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
 msgstr "git notes [llista [<objecte>]]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:45
+#: builtin/notes.c:47
 msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes add [<opcions>] [<objecte>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:50
+#: builtin/notes.c:52
 msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
-msgstr "git notes copy [<options>] <d'objecte> <a-objecte>"
+msgstr "git notes copy [<opcions>] <d'objecte> <a-objecte>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:51
+#: builtin/notes.c:53
 msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
 msgstr "git notes copy --stdin [<d'objecte> <a-objecte>]..."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:56
+#: builtin/notes.c:58
 msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes append [<opcions>] [<objecte>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:61
+#: builtin/notes.c:63
 msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes edit [<objecte>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:66
+#: builtin/notes.c:68
 msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes show [<objecte>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:71
-msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes_ref>"
-msgstr "git notes merge [<opcions>] <referència_de_notes>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:73
+msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes-ref>"
+msgstr "git notes merge [<opcions>] <referència-de-notes>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:72
+#: builtin/notes.c:74
 msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --commit [<opcions>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:73
+#: builtin/notes.c:75
 msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --abort [<opcions>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:78
+#: builtin/notes.c:80
 msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes remove [<objecte>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:83
+#: builtin/notes.c:85
 msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes prune [<opcions>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:88
+#: builtin/notes.c:90
 msgid "git notes get-ref"
 msgstr "git notes get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:146
+#: builtin/notes.c:95
+msgid "Write/edit the notes for the following object:"
+msgstr "Escriviu/editeu les notes per l'objecte següent:"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:148
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut iniciar 'show' per a l'objecte '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut iniciar 'show' per a l'objecte «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:150
+#: builtin/notes.c:152
 msgid "could not read 'show' output"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut llegir la sortida de 'show'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:158
+#: builtin/notes.c:160
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en finalitzar 'show' per a l'objecte '%s'"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en finalitzar 'show' per a l'objecte «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:173 builtin/tag.c:477
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not create file '%s'"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut crear el fitxer '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:192
-msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+#: builtin/notes.c:195
+msgid "please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
 msgstr ""
-"Si us plau, proveïu els continguts de la nota fent servir l'opció -m o "
-"l'opció -F"
+"especifiqueu el contingut de la nota fent servir l'opció -m o l'opció -F"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:201
+#: builtin/notes.c:204
 msgid "unable to write note object"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure l'objecte de nota"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:203
+#: builtin/notes.c:206
 #, c-format
-msgid "The note contents have been left in %s"
-msgstr "Els continguts de la nota s'han deixat en %s"
+msgid "the note contents have been left in %s"
+msgstr "s'han deixat els continguts de la nota en %s"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:231 builtin/tag.c:693
+#: builtin/notes.c:234 builtin/tag.c:506
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read '%s'"
-msgstr "no es pot llegir '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot llegir «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:233 builtin/tag.c:696
+#: builtin/notes.c:236 builtin/tag.c:509
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut obrir ni llegir '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut obrir o llegir «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:252 builtin/notes.c:303 builtin/notes.c:305
-#: builtin/notes.c:365 builtin/notes.c:420 builtin/notes.c:506
-#: builtin/notes.c:511 builtin/notes.c:589 builtin/notes.c:652
-#: builtin/notes.c:854 builtin/tag.c:709
+#: builtin/notes.c:255 builtin/notes.c:306 builtin/notes.c:308
+#: builtin/notes.c:376 builtin/notes.c:431 builtin/notes.c:517
+#: builtin/notes.c:522 builtin/notes.c:600 builtin/notes.c:662
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en resoldre '%s' com a referència vàlida."
+msgid "failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en resoldre «%s» com a referència vàlida."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:255
+#: builtin/notes.c:258
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en llegir l'objecte '%s'."
+msgid "failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en llegir l'objecte «%s»."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:259
+#: builtin/notes.c:262
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
-msgstr "No es pot llegir les dades de node de l'objecte no de blob '%s'."
+msgid "cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
+msgstr "no es poden llegir les dades de node de l'objecte no de blob «%s»."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:299
+#: builtin/notes.c:302
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
-msgstr "Línia d'entrada mal formada: '%s'."
+msgid "malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "línia d'entrada mal formada: «%s»."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:314
+#: builtin/notes.c:317
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en copiar les notes de '%s' a '%s'"
+msgid "failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en copiar les notes de «%s» a «%s»"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the first %s will be replaced by a git
+#. notes command: 'add', 'merge', 'remove', etc.
+#.
+#: builtin/notes.c:349
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to %s notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "s'està refusant %s les notes en %s (fora de refs/notes/)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:358 builtin/notes.c:413 builtin/notes.c:489
-#: builtin/notes.c:501 builtin/notes.c:577 builtin/notes.c:645
-#: builtin/notes.c:919
+#: builtin/notes.c:369 builtin/notes.c:424 builtin/notes.c:500
+#: builtin/notes.c:512 builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:655
+#: builtin/notes.c:805 builtin/notes.c:952 builtin/notes.c:973
 msgid "too many parameters"
 msgstr "massa paràmetres"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:371 builtin/notes.c:658
+#: builtin/notes.c:382 builtin/notes.c:668
 #, c-format
-msgid "No note found for object %s."
-msgstr "No s'ha trobat cap nota per a l'objecte %s."
+msgid "no note found for object %s."
+msgstr "no s'ha trobat cap nota per a l'objecte %s."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:392 builtin/notes.c:555
+#: builtin/notes.c:403 builtin/notes.c:566
 msgid "note contents as a string"
 msgstr "anota els continguts com a cadena"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:395 builtin/notes.c:558
+#: builtin/notes.c:406 builtin/notes.c:569
 msgid "note contents in a file"
 msgstr "anota els continguts en un fitxer"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:397 builtin/notes.c:400 builtin/notes.c:560
-#: builtin/notes.c:563 builtin/tag.c:628
-msgid "object"
-msgstr "objecte"
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:398 builtin/notes.c:561
+#: builtin/notes.c:409 builtin/notes.c:572
 msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
 msgstr "reusa i edita l'objecte de nota especificat"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:401 builtin/notes.c:564
+#: builtin/notes.c:412 builtin/notes.c:575
 msgid "reuse specified note object"
 msgstr "reusa l'objecte de nota especificat"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:404 builtin/notes.c:567
+#: builtin/notes.c:415 builtin/notes.c:578
 msgid "allow storing empty note"
 msgstr "permet l'emmagatzematge d'una nota buida"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:476
+#: builtin/notes.c:416 builtin/notes.c:487
 msgid "replace existing notes"
 msgstr "reemplaça les notes existents"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:430
+#: builtin/notes.c:441
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
 "existing notes"
 msgstr ""
-"No es pot afegir les notes. S'ha trobat notes existents de l'objecte %s. "
+"No es poden afegir les notes. S'han trobat notes existents de l'objecte %s. "
 "Useu '-f' per a sobreescriure les notes existents."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:445 builtin/notes.c:524
+#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:535
 #, c-format
 msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
-msgstr "Sobreescrivint les notes existents de l'objecte %s\n"
+msgstr "S'estan sobreescrivint les notes existents de l'objecte %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:617 builtin/notes.c:859
+#: builtin/notes.c:467 builtin/notes.c:627 builtin/notes.c:892
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
-msgstr "Eliminant la nota de l'objecte %s\n"
+msgstr "S'està eliminant la nota de l'objecte %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:477
+#: builtin/notes.c:488
 msgid "read objects from stdin"
-msgstr "llegeix els objectes des d'stdin"
+msgstr "llegeix els objectes des de stdin"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:479
+#: builtin/notes.c:490
 msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
 msgstr ""
 "carrega la configuració de reescriptura per a <ordre> (implica --stdin)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:497
+#: builtin/notes.c:508
 msgid "too few parameters"
 msgstr "hi ha massa pocs paràmetres"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:518
+#: builtin/notes.c:529
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
 "existing notes"
 msgstr ""
-"No es pot copiar les notes. S'han trobat notes existents de l'objecte %s. "
+"No es poden copiar les notes. S'han trobat notes existents de l'objecte %s. "
 "Useu '-f' per a sobreescriure les notes existents."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:530
+#: builtin/notes.c:541
 #, c-format
-msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
-msgstr "Manquen notes a l'objecte font %s. No es pot copiar."
+msgid "missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr "manquen notes a l'objecte font %s. No es pot copiar."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:582
+#: builtin/notes.c:593
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
 "Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"S'han desaprovat les opcions -m/-F/-c/-C en favor de la subordre 'edit'.\n"
-"Si us plau, useu 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' en lloc d'això.\n"
+"Es desaconsellen les opcions -m/-F/-c/-C en favor de la subordre 'edit'.\n"
+"Useu «git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C» en lloc d'això.\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:688
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en suprimir la referència NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:690
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en suprimir la referència NOTES_MERGE_REF"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:750
+#: builtin/notes.c:692
+msgid "failed to remove 'git notes merge' worktree"
+msgstr ""
+"s'ha produït un error en eliminar l'arbre de treball de 'git notes merge'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:712
+msgid "failed to read ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en llegir la referència NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:714
+msgid "could not find commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut trobar cap comissió de NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:716
+msgid "could not parse commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar la comissió de NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:729
+msgid "failed to resolve NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en resoldre NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:732
+msgid "failed to finalize notes merge"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en finalitzar la fusió de notes"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown notes merge strategy %s"
+msgstr "estratègia de fusió de notes desconeguda %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:774
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Opcions generals"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:752
+#: builtin/notes.c:776
 msgid "Merge options"
 msgstr "Opcions de fusió"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:754
+#: builtin/notes.c:778
 msgid ""
 "resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
 "cat_sort_uniq)"
@@ -7780,251 +11445,305 @@ msgstr ""
 "resol els conflictes de nota usant l'estratègia donada (manual/ours/theirs/"
 "union/cat_sort_uniq)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:756
+#: builtin/notes.c:780
 msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
-msgstr "Cometent les notes sense fusionar"
+msgstr "S'estan cometent les notes sense fusionar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#: builtin/notes.c:782
 msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr "finalitza la fusió de notes cometent les notes sense fusionar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:760
+#: builtin/notes.c:784
 msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
-msgstr "Avortant la resolució de fusió de notes"
+msgstr "S'està avortant la resolució de fusió de notes"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:762
+#: builtin/notes.c:786
 msgid "abort notes merge"
 msgstr "avorta la fusió de notes"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:857
+#: builtin/notes.c:797
+msgid "cannot mix --commit, --abort or -s/--strategy"
+msgstr "no es pot combinar --commit, --abort i -s/--strategy"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:802
+msgid "must specify a notes ref to merge"
+msgstr "cal especificar una referència de notes a fusionar"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:826
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown -s/--strategy: %s"
+msgstr "-s/--strategy desconeguda: %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:863
+#, c-format
+msgid "a notes merge into %s is already in-progress at %s"
+msgstr "una fusió de notes a %s ja està en curs a %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to store link to current notes ref (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+"s'ha produït un error en emmagatzemar l'enllaç a la referència de notes "
+"actual (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:868
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Automatic notes merge failed. Fix conflicts in %s and commit the result with "
+"'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with 'git notes merge --"
+"abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"La fusió de notes automàtica ha fallat. Arregleu els conflictes en %s i "
+"cometeu el resultat amb 'git notes merge --commit', o avorteu la fusió amb "
+"'git notes merge --abort'.\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:890
 #, c-format
 msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
 msgstr "L'objecte %s no té cap nota\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:869
+#: builtin/notes.c:902
 msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
 msgstr "l'intent d'eliminar una nota no existent no és un error"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:872
+#: builtin/notes.c:905
 msgid "read object names from the standard input"
 msgstr "llegeix els noms d'objecte des de l'entrada estàndard"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:953
+#: builtin/notes.c:943 builtin/prune.c:106 builtin/worktree.c:160
+msgid "do not remove, show only"
+msgstr "no eliminis, només mostra"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:944
+msgid "report pruned notes"
+msgstr "informa de notes podades"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:986
 msgid "notes-ref"
 msgstr "referència de notes"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:954
-msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
-msgstr "usa les notes de <referència de notes>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:987
+msgid "use notes from <notes-ref>"
+msgstr "usa les notes de <referència-de-notes>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:989 builtin/remote.c:1621
+#: builtin/notes.c:1022
 #, c-format
-msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
-msgstr "Subordre desconegut: %s"
+msgid "unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "subordre desconeguda: %s"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:28
-msgid "git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:33
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<options>...] [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git pack-objects --stdout [opcions...] [< llista-de-referències | < llista-"
-"de-objectes]"
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<opcions>...] [< <llista-de-referències> | < "
+"<llista-de-objectes>]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:29
-msgid "git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:34
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects [<options>...] <base-name> [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git pack-objects [opcions...] nom-base [< llista-de-referències | < llista-"
-"de-objectes]"
+"git pack-objects [<opcions>...] <nom-base> [< <llista-de-referències> | < "
+"<llista-de-objectes>]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:177 builtin/pack-objects.c:180
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:195 builtin/pack-objects.c:198
 #, c-format
 msgid "deflate error (%d)"
 msgstr "error de deflació (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:773
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:791
+msgid "disabling bitmap writing, packs are split due to pack.packSizeLimit"
+msgstr ""
+"s'està inhabilitant l'escriptura de mapes de bits, es divideixen els paquets "
+"a causa de pack.packSizeLimit"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:804
 msgid "Writing objects"
-msgstr "Escrivint els objectes"
+msgstr "S'estan escrivint els objectes"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1015
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1084
 msgid "disabling bitmap writing, as some objects are not being packed"
 msgstr ""
-"inhabilitant l'escriptura de mapes de bits, perquè alguns objectes no "
-"s'estan empaquetant"
+"s'està inhabilitant l'escriptura de mapes de bits, perquè alguns objectes no "
+"s'empaqueten"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2175
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2454
 msgid "Compressing objects"
-msgstr "Comprimint objectes"
+msgstr "S'estan comprimint els objectes"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2625
+msgid "invalid value for --missing"
+msgstr "valor no vàlid per a --missing"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2572
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2928
 #, c-format
 msgid "unsupported index version %s"
 msgstr "versió d'índex no compatible %s"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2576
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2932
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad index version '%s'"
-msgstr "versió d'índex dolenta '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2599
-#, c-format
-msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
-msgstr "l'opció %s no accepta la forma negativa"
+msgstr "versió d'índex incorrecta «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2603
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut analitzar el valor '%s' per a l'opció %s"
-
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2623
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2962
 msgid "do not show progress meter"
 msgstr "no mostris l'indicador de progrés"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2625
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2964
 msgid "show progress meter"
 msgstr "mostra l'indicador de progrés"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2627
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2966
 msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
 msgstr "mostra l'indicador de progrés durant la fase d'escriptura d'objectes"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2630
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2969
 msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
 msgstr "similar a --all-progress quan l'indicador de progrés es mostra"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2631
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2970
 msgid "version[,offset]"
 msgstr "versió[,desplaçament]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2632
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2971
 msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
 msgstr ""
 "escriu el fitxer d'índex de paquet en la versió de format d'índex "
 "especificada"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2635
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2974
 msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
 msgstr "mida màxima de cada fitxer de paquet de sortida"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2637
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2976
 msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
-msgstr ""
-"ignora els objectes prestats d'un emmagatzemament d'objectes alternatiu"
+msgstr "ignora els objectes prestats d'un emmagatzematge d'objectes alternatiu"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2639
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2978
 msgid "ignore packed objects"
 msgstr "ignora els objectes empaquetats"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2641
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2980
 msgid "limit pack window by objects"
 msgstr "limita la finestra d'empaquetament per objectes"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2643
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2982
 msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
 msgstr ""
 "limita la finestra d'empaquetament per memòria a més del límit d'objectes"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2645
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2984
 msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
-msgstr "longitud màxima de la cadena de deltes permesa en el paquet resultant"
+msgstr ""
+"longitud màxima de la cadena de diferències permesa en el paquet resultant"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2647
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2986
 msgid "reuse existing deltas"
-msgstr "reusa les deltes existents"
+msgstr "reusa les diferències existents"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2649
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2988
 msgid "reuse existing objects"
 msgstr "reusa els objectes existents"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2651
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2990
 msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
 msgstr "usa objectes OFS_DELTA"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2653
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2992
 msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
-msgstr "usa fils en cercar les millores coincidències de delta"
+msgstr "usa fils en cercar les millores coincidències de diferències"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2655
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2994
 msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
 msgstr "no creïs una emissió de paquet buida"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2657
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2996
 msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
 msgstr "llegeix els paràmetres de revisió des de l'entrada estàndard"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2659
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2998
 msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
-msgstr "limita els objectes als que encara no s'hagin empaquetat"
+msgstr "limita els objectes als quals encara no s'hagin empaquetat"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2662
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3001
 msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
-msgstr "inclou els objectes abastables de qualsevulla referència"
+msgstr "inclou els objectes abastables de qualsevol referència"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2665
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3004
 msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
 msgstr ""
 "inclou els objectes als quals facin referència les entrades del registre de "
 "referències"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2668
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3007
 msgid "include objects referred to by the index"
 msgstr "inclou els objectes als quals faci referència l'índex"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2671
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3010
 msgid "output pack to stdout"
 msgstr "emet el paquet a stdout"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2673
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3012
 msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
 msgstr ""
 "inclou els objectes d'etiqueta que facin referència als objectes a empaquetar"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2675
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3014
 msgid "keep unreachable objects"
 msgstr "retén els objectes inabastables"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2676 parse-options.h:140
-msgid "time"
-msgstr "hora"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3016
+msgid "pack loose unreachable objects"
+msgstr "empaqueta els objectes inabastables solts"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2677
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3018
 msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
 msgstr "desempaqueta els objectes inabastables més nous que <hora>"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2680
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3021
 msgid "create thin packs"
 msgstr "crea paquets prims"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2682
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3023
 msgid "create packs suitable for shallow fetches"
-msgstr "crea paquets adequats per als obteniments superficials"
+msgstr "crea paquets adequats per a les obtencions superficials"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2684
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3025
 msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
 msgstr "ignora els paquets que tinguin un fitxer .keep corresponent"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2686
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3027
 msgid "pack compression level"
 msgstr "nivell de compressió de paquet"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2688
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3029
 msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
 msgstr "no amaguis les comissions per empelt"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2690
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3031
 msgid "use a bitmap index if available to speed up counting objects"
 msgstr ""
 "usa un índex de mapa de bits, si està disponible, per a accelerar el "
 "recompte d'objectes"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2692
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3033
 msgid "write a bitmap index together with the pack index"
-msgstr "escriu un índex de mapa de bits junt amb l'índex de paquet"
+msgstr "escriu un índex de mapa de bits juntament amb l'índex de paquet"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3036
+msgid "handling for missing objects"
+msgstr "gestió dels objectes absents"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2783
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3039
+msgid "do not pack objects in promisor packfiles"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3178
 msgid "Counting objects"
-msgstr "Comptant els objectes"
+msgstr "S'estan comptant els objectes"
 
 #: builtin/pack-refs.c:6
-msgid "git pack-refs [options]"
-msgstr "git pack-refs [opcions]"
+msgid "git pack-refs [<options>]"
+msgstr "git pack-refs [<opcions>]"
 
 #: builtin/pack-refs.c:14
 msgid "pack everything"
@@ -8034,21 +11753,17 @@ msgstr "empaqueta-ho tot"
 msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
 msgstr "poda les referències soltes (per defecte)"
 
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:7
-msgid "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
-msgstr "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:8
+msgid "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
+msgstr "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
 
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:40
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:41
 msgid "Removing duplicate objects"
-msgstr "Eliminant objectes duplicats"
+msgstr "S'estan eliminant objectes duplicats"
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:12
-msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
-msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <hora>] [--] [<cap>...]"
-
-#: builtin/prune.c:106
-msgid "do not remove, show only"
-msgstr "no eliminis, només mostra"
+#: builtin/prune.c:11
+msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
+msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <hora>] [--] [<head>...]"
 
 #: builtin/prune.c:107
 msgid "report pruned objects"
@@ -8058,28 +11773,222 @@ msgstr "informa d'objectes podats"
 msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
 msgstr "fes caducar els objectes més vells que <hora>"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:14
+#: builtin/prune.c:112
+msgid "limit traversal to objects outside promisor packfiles"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:126
+msgid "cannot prune in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "no es pot podar en un dipòsit d'objectes preciosos"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:54 builtin/pull.c:56
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "Valor no vàlid per a %s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:76
+msgid "git pull [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git pull [<opcions>] [<dipòsit> [<especificació-de-referència>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:127
+msgid "control for recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr "controla l'obtenció recursiva de submòduls"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:131
+msgid "Options related to merging"
+msgstr "Opcions relacionades amb fusionar"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:134
+msgid "incorporate changes by rebasing rather than merging"
+msgstr "incorpora els canvis fent «rebase» en lloc de fusionar"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:161 builtin/rebase--helper.c:23 builtin/revert.c:121
+msgid "allow fast-forward"
+msgstr "permet l'avanç ràpid"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:170
+msgid "automatically stash/stash pop before and after rebase"
+msgstr ""
+"fes «stash» i «stash pop» automàticament abans i després de fer «rebase»"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:186
+msgid "Options related to fetching"
+msgstr "Opcions relacionades amb obtenir"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:204
+msgid "number of submodules pulled in parallel"
+msgstr "nombre de submòduls baixats en paral·lel"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:299
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for pull.ff: %s"
+msgstr "Valor no vàlid per a pull.ff: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:415
+msgid ""
+"There is no candidate for rebasing against among the refs that you just "
+"fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"No hi ha cap candidat sobre el qual fer «rebase» entre les referències que "
+"acabeu d'obtenir."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:417
+msgid ""
+"There are no candidates for merging among the refs that you just fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"No hi ha candidats per a fusionar entre les referències que acabeu d'obtenir."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:418
+msgid ""
+"Generally this means that you provided a wildcard refspec which had no\n"
+"matches on the remote end."
+msgstr ""
+"Generalment això vol dir que heu proveït una especificació de\n"
+"referència de comodí que no tenia cap coincidència en el costat remot."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:421
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You asked to pull from the remote '%s', but did not specify\n"
+"a branch. Because this is not the default configured remote\n"
+"for your current branch, you must specify a branch on the command line."
+msgstr ""
+"Heu demanat baixar del remot «%s», però no heu especificat cap branca.\n"
+"Perquè aquest no és el remot configurat per defecte per a la vostra\n"
+"branca actual, heu d'especificar una branca en la línia d'ordres."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:426 git-parse-remote.sh:73
+msgid "You are not currently on a branch."
+msgstr "Actualment no sou en cap branca."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:428 builtin/pull.c:443 git-parse-remote.sh:79
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to rebase against."
+msgstr "Especifiqueu sobre què branca voleu fer «rebase»."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:430 builtin/pull.c:445 git-parse-remote.sh:82
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to merge with."
+msgstr "Especifiqueu amb quina branca voleu fusionar."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:431 builtin/pull.c:446
+msgid "See git-pull(1) for details."
+msgstr "Vegeu git-pull(1) per detalls."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:433 builtin/pull.c:439 builtin/pull.c:448
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:64
+msgid "<remote>"
+msgstr "<remot>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:433 builtin/pull.c:448 builtin/pull.c:453 git-rebase.sh:477
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:65
+msgid "<branch>"
+msgstr "<branca>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:441 git-parse-remote.sh:75
+msgid "There is no tracking information for the current branch."
+msgstr "No hi ha cap informació de seguiment per a la branca actual."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:450 git-parse-remote.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:"
+msgstr ""
+"Si voleu establir informació de seguiment per a aquesta branca, podeu fer-ho "
+"amb:"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:455
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your configuration specifies to merge with the ref '%s'\n"
+"from the remote, but no such ref was fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"La vostra configuració especifica fusionar amb la referència «%s»\n"
+"del remot, però no s'ha obtingut tal referència."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:819
+msgid "ignoring --verify-signatures for rebase"
+msgstr "s'està ignorant --verify-signatures en fer «rebase»"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:867
+msgid "--[no-]autostash option is only valid with --rebase."
+msgstr "l'opció --[no-]-autostash és vàlid només amb --rebase."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:875
+msgid "Updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index."
+msgstr ""
+"S'està actualitzant una branca no nascuda amb canvis afegits a l'índex."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:878
+msgid "pull with rebase"
+msgstr "baixar fent «rebase»"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:879
+msgid "please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "cometeu-los o emmagatzemeu-los."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:904
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"commit %s."
+msgstr ""
+"l'obtenció ha actualitzat HEAD de la branca actual.\n"
+"s'està avançant ràpidament el vostre arbre de treball des de\n"
+"la comissió %s."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:909
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot fast-forward your working tree.\n"
+"After making sure that you saved anything precious from\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"output, run\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"to recover."
+msgstr ""
+"No es pot avançar ràpidament el vostre arbre de treball.\n"
+"Després d'assegurar que hàgiu desat qualsevol cosa preciosa de la sortida "
+"de\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"executeu\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"per a recuperar."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:924
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head."
+msgstr "No es poden fusionar múltiples branques a un HEAD buit."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:928
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches."
+msgstr "No es pot fer «rebase» sobre múltiples branques."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:935
+msgid "cannot rebase with locally recorded submodule modifications"
+msgstr ""
+"no es pot fer «rebase» amb modificacions als submòduls enregistrades "
+"localment"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:17
 msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
 msgstr "git push [<opcions>] [<dipòsit> [<especificació-de-referència>...]]"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:85
+#: builtin/push.c:92
 msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
 msgstr "abreviatura d'etiqueta sense <tag>"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:95
+#: builtin/push.c:102
 msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
 msgstr "--delete només accepta noms de referència de destí senzills"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:139
+#: builtin/push.c:146
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"Per a triar qualsevulla opció permanentment, vegeu push.default a 'git help "
+"Per a triar qualsevol opció permanentment, vegeu push.default a 'git help "
 "config'."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:142
+#: builtin/push.c:149
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
@@ -8104,7 +12013,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "    git push %s %s\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:157
+#: builtin/push.c:164
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are not currently on a branch.\n"
@@ -8119,7 +12028,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push %s HEAD:<nom-de-branca-remota>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:171
+#: builtin/push.c:178
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
@@ -8132,77 +12041,31 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:179
+#: builtin/push.c:186
 #, c-format
 msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
-msgstr "La branca actual %s té múltiples branques fonts, refusant pujar."
+msgstr ""
+"La branca actual %s té múltiples branques fonts, s'està refusant pujar."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:182
+#: builtin/push.c:189
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
 "your current branch '%s', without telling me what to push\n"
 "to update which remote branch."
 msgstr ""
-"Esteu pujant al remot '%s', que no és la font de la vostra\n"
-"branca actual '%s', sense dir-me què pujar per a actualitzar\n"
+"Esteu pujant al remot «%s», que no és la font de la vostra\n"
+"branca actual «%s», sense dir-me què pujar per a actualitzar\n"
 "quina branca remota."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:205
-msgid ""
-"push.default is unset; its implicit value has changed in\n"
-"Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
-"and maintain the traditional behavior, use:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-"\n"
-"To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-"\n"
-"When push.default is set to 'matching', git will push local branches\n"
-"to the remote branches that already exist with the same name.\n"
-"\n"
-"Since Git 2.0, Git defaults to the more conservative 'simple'\n"
-"behavior, which only pushes the current branch to the corresponding\n"
-"remote branch that 'git pull' uses to update the current branch.\n"
-"\n"
-"See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
-"information.\n"
-"(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
-"'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
-msgstr ""
-"push.default no està establert; el seu valor implícit s'ha\n"
-"canviat en el Git 2.0 de 'matching' a 'simple'. Per a suprimir\n"
-"aquest missatge i mantenir el comportament tradicional,\n"
-"useu:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-"\n"
-"Per a suprimir aquest missatge i adoptar el comportament nou ara, useu:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-"\n"
-"Quan push.default és 'matching', git pujarà les branques locals a les\n"
-"branques remotes que ja existeixen amb el mateix nom.\n"
-"\n"
-"Des del Git 2.0, el Git per defecte té el comportament més\n"
-"conservatiu 'simple', que només puja la branca actual a la branca\n"
-"corresponent que 'git pull' usa per a actualitzar la branca actual.\n"
-"\n"
-"Vegeu 'git help config' i cerqueu 'push.default' per a més informació.\n"
-"(s'ha introduït el mode 'simple' en el Git 1.7.11. Useu el mode similar\n"
-"'current' en lloc de 'simple' si a vegades useu versions més antigues\n"
-"del Git)"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:272
+#: builtin/push.c:248
 msgid ""
 "You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
 msgstr ""
 "No heu especificat cap especificació de referència a pujar, i push.default "
 "és \"nothing\"."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:279
+#: builtin/push.c:255
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
 "its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.\n"
@@ -8214,7 +12077,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "els canvis remots (per exemple, 'git pull ...') abans de pujar de nou.\n"
 "Vegeu la 'Nota sobre avanços ràpids' a 'git push --help' per detalls."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:285
+#: builtin/push.c:261
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
 "counterpart. Check out this branch and integrate the remote changes\n"
@@ -8227,7 +12090,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "abans de pujar de nou.\n"
 "Vegeu la 'Nota sobre avanços ràpids' a 'git push --help' per detalls."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:291
+#: builtin/push.c:267
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
 "not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
@@ -8235,19 +12098,19 @@ msgid ""
 "(e.g., 'git pull ...') before pushing again.\n"
 "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
 msgstr ""
-"S'han rebutjat les actualitzacions perquè el remot conté treball\n"
-"que no teniu localment. Això usualment és causat per un altre dipòsit\n"
+"S'han rebutjat les actualitzacions perquè el remot conté canvis\n"
+"que no teniu localment. Això acostuma a ser causat per un altre dipòsit\n"
 "que ha pujat a la mateixa referència. Pot ser que primer vulgueu\n"
 "integrar els canvis remots (per exemple, 'git pull ...') abans de\n"
 "pujar de nou.\n"
 "Vegeu la 'Nota sobre avanços ràpids' a 'git push --help' per detalls."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:298
+#: builtin/push.c:274
 msgid "Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote."
 msgstr ""
 "S'han rebutjat les actualitzacions perquè l'etiqueta ja existeix en el remot."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:301
+#: builtin/push.c:277
 msgid ""
 "You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
 "or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
@@ -8258,22 +12121,22 @@ msgstr ""
 "fer que assenyali un objecte no de comissió, sense usar l'opció\n"
 "'--force'.\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:360
+#: builtin/push.c:337
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
-msgstr "Pujant a %s\n"
+msgstr "S'està pujant a %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:364
+#: builtin/push.c:341
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
-msgstr "s'ha fallat en pujar algunes referències a '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en pujar algunes referències a «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:394
+#: builtin/push.c:372
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad repository '%s'"
-msgstr "dipòsit dolent '%s'"
+msgstr "dipòsit incorrecte «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:395
+#: builtin/push.c:373
 msgid ""
 "No configured push destination.\n"
 "Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
@@ -8285,7 +12148,7 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "    git push <name>\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Cap destí de pujada configurada.\n"
+"No hi ha cap destí de pujada configurat.\n"
 "Especifiqueu l'URL des de la línia d'ordres o bé configureu un dipòsit remot "
 "fent servir\n"
 "\n"
@@ -8295,406 +12158,507 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push <nom>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:410
+#: builtin/push.c:391
 msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
 msgstr "--all i --tags són incompatibles"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:411
+#: builtin/push.c:392
 msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
 msgstr "--all no es pot combinar amb especificacions de referència"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:416
+#: builtin/push.c:397
 msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
 msgstr "--mirror i --tags són incompatibles"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:417
+#: builtin/push.c:398
 msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
 msgstr "--mirror no es pot combinar amb especificacions de referència"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:422
+#: builtin/push.c:403
 msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
 msgstr "--all i --mirror són incompatibles"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:493
+#: builtin/push.c:535
 msgid "repository"
 msgstr "dipòsit"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:494
+#: builtin/push.c:536 builtin/send-pack.c:163
 msgid "push all refs"
-msgstr "envia totes les referències"
+msgstr "puja totes les referències"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:495
+#: builtin/push.c:537 builtin/send-pack.c:165
 msgid "mirror all refs"
 msgstr "reflecteix totes les referències"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:497
+#: builtin/push.c:539
 msgid "delete refs"
 msgstr "suprimeix les referències"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:498
+#: builtin/push.c:540
 msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
-msgstr "envia les etiquetes (no es pot usar amb --all o --mirror)"
+msgstr "puja les etiquetes (no es pot usar amb --all o --mirror)"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:501
+#: builtin/push.c:543 builtin/send-pack.c:166
 msgid "force updates"
 msgstr "força les actualitzacions"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:503
+#: builtin/push.c:545 builtin/send-pack.c:180
 msgid "refname>:<expect"
 msgstr "nom-de-referència>:<esperat"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:504
+#: builtin/push.c:546 builtin/send-pack.c:181
 msgid "require old value of ref to be at this value"
 msgstr "requereix que el valor antic de la referència sigui d'aquest valor"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:507
+#: builtin/push.c:549
 msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
 msgstr "controla la pujada recursiva dels submòduls"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:509
+#: builtin/push.c:551 builtin/send-pack.c:174
 msgid "use thin pack"
 msgstr "usa el paquet prim"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:510 builtin/push.c:511
+#: builtin/push.c:552 builtin/push.c:553 builtin/send-pack.c:160
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:161
 msgid "receive pack program"
 msgstr "programa que rep els paquets"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:512
+#: builtin/push.c:554
 msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
 msgstr "estableix la font per a git pull/status"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:515
+#: builtin/push.c:557
 msgid "prune locally removed refs"
 msgstr "poda les referències eliminades localment"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:517
+#: builtin/push.c:559
 msgid "bypass pre-push hook"
-msgstr "evita el ganxo de prepujada"
+msgstr "evita el lligam de prepujada"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:518
+#: builtin/push.c:560
 msgid "push missing but relevant tags"
 msgstr "puja les etiquetes absents però rellevants"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:520
+#: builtin/push.c:563 builtin/send-pack.c:168
 msgid "GPG sign the push"
-msgstr "firma la pujada amb GPG"
+msgstr "signa la pujada amb GPG"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:565 builtin/send-pack.c:175
+msgid "request atomic transaction on remote side"
+msgstr "demana una transacció atòmica al costat remot"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:529
+#: builtin/push.c:566 builtin/send-pack.c:171
+msgid "server-specific"
+msgstr "específic al servidor"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:566 builtin/send-pack.c:172
+msgid "option to transmit"
+msgstr "opció a transmetre"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:583
 msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
 msgstr "--delete és incompatible amb --all, --mirror i --tags"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:531
+#: builtin/push.c:585
 msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
 msgstr "--delete no té sentit sense referències"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:37
+#: builtin/push.c:604
+msgid "push options must not have new line characters"
+msgstr "les opcions de pujada no han de tenir caràcters de línia nova"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:40
 msgid ""
-"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] "
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>) "
 "[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
 "index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
 msgstr ""
-"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] "
-"[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<ignoral-de-git>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] "
-"[--index-output=<fitxer>] (--empty | <arbre1> [<arbre2> [<arbre3>]])"
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>) "
+"[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
+"index-output=<fitxer>] (--empty | <arbre1> [<arbre2> [<arbre3>]])"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:110
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:121
 msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
 msgstr "escriu l'índex resultant al <fitxer>"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:113
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:124
 msgid "only empty the index"
 msgstr "només buida l'índex"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:115
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:126
 msgid "Merging"
-msgstr "Fusionant"
+msgstr "S'està fusionant"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:117
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:128
 msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
 msgstr "realitza una fusió a més d'una lectura"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:119
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:130
 msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
 msgstr "fusió de 3 vies si no cal fusió a nivell de fitxers"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:121
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:132
 msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
-msgstr "fusió de 3 vies en presència d'afegiments i supressions"
+msgstr "fusió de 3 vies en presència d'afegiments i eliminacions"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
 msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
 msgstr "el mateix que -m, però descarta les entrades no fusionades"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:124
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
 msgid "<subdirectory>/"
 msgstr "<subdirectori>/"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:125
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:136
 msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
 msgstr "llegiu l'arbre a l'índex sota <subdirectori>/"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:128
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:139
 msgid "update working tree with merge result"
 msgstr "actualitza l'arbre de treball amb el resultat de fusió"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:130
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:141
 msgid "gitignore"
-msgstr "ignoral de git"
+msgstr "gitignore"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:131
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:142
 msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
-msgstr "permet que els fitxers explícitament ignorats es sobreescriguin"
+msgstr "permet que els fitxers explícitament ignorats se sobreescriguin"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:145
 msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
 msgstr "no comprovis l'arbre de treball després de fusionar"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:146
 msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
 msgstr "no actualitzis l'índex ni l'arbre de treball"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:137
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:148
 msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
-msgstr "salta l'aplicació del filtre d'agafament escàs"
+msgstr "omet l'aplicació del filtre d'agafament parcial"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:139
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:150
 msgid "debug unpack-trees"
 msgstr "depura unpack-trees"
 
-#: builtin/reflog.c:499
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
-msgstr "%s' per a '%s' no és una marca de temps vàlida"
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:8
+msgid "git rebase--helper [<options>]"
+msgstr "git rebase--helper [<opcions>]"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:24
+msgid "keep empty commits"
+msgstr "mantén les comissions buides"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:26 builtin/revert.c:123
+msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
+msgstr "permet les comissions amb missatges buits"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:27
+msgid "continue rebase"
+msgstr "continua el «rebase»"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:29
+msgid "abort rebase"
+msgstr "avorta el «rebase»"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:32
+msgid "make rebase script"
+msgstr "fes un script de «rebase»"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:34
+msgid "shorten commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "escurça els ids de les comissions en la llista per a fer"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:36
+msgid "expand commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "expandeix els ids de els comissions en la llista per a fer"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:38
+msgid "check the todo list"
+msgstr "comprova la llista a fer"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:40
+msgid "skip unnecessary picks"
+msgstr "omet els «picks» no necessaris"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:42
+msgid "rearrange fixup/squash lines"
+msgstr "reorganitza les línies «fixup/pick»"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:44
+msgid "insert exec commands in todo list"
+msgstr "expandeix les ordres exec en la llista per a fer"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:30
+msgid "git receive-pack <git-dir>"
+msgstr "git receive-pack <git-dir>"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:841
+msgid ""
+"By default, updating the current branch in a non-bare repository\n"
+"is denied, because it will make the index and work tree inconsistent\n"
+"with what you pushed, and will require 'git reset --hard' to match\n"
+"the work tree to HEAD.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set the 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable\n"
+"to 'ignore' or 'warn' in the remote repository to allow pushing into\n"
+"its current branch; however, this is not recommended unless you\n"
+"arranged to update its work tree to match what you pushed in some\n"
+"other way.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message and still keep the default behaviour, set\n"
+"'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"Per defecte, es denega actualitzar la branca actual en un dipòsit no\n"
+"nu, perquè faria l'índex i l'arbre de treball inconsistents amb el\n"
+"que hàgiu pujat, i requeriria 'git reset --hard' per a fer que\n"
+"l'arbre de treball coincideixi amb HEAD.\n"
+"\n"
+"Podeu establir la variable de configuració\n"
+"'receive.denyCurrentBranch' a 'ignore' o 'warn' en el dipòsit remot\n"
+"per a permetre pujar a la seva branca actual; no obstant, no es\n"
+"recomana això a menys que hàgiu decidit actualitzar el seu arbre en\n"
+"alguna altra manera per a coincidir amb el que hàgiu pujat.\n"
+"\n"
+"Per a silenciar aquest missatge i mantenir el comportament\n"
+"predeterminat, establiu la variable de configuració\n"
+"'receive.denyCurrentBranch' a 'refuse'."
 
-#: builtin/reflog.c:615 builtin/reflog.c:620
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:861
+msgid ""
+"By default, deleting the current branch is denied, because the next\n"
+"'git clone' won't result in any file checked out, causing confusion.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' configuration variable to\n"
+"'warn' or 'ignore' in the remote repository to allow deleting the\n"
+"current branch, with or without a warning message.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message, you can set it to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"Per defecte, es denega suprimir la branca actual, perquè el\n"
+"'git clone' següent no resultarà en cap fitxer agafat, causant\n"
+"confusió.\n"
+"\n"
+"Podeu establir la variable de configuració\n"
+"'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' a 'warn' o 'ignore' en el dipòsit remot\n"
+"per a permetre suprimir la branca actual, amb un missatge\n"
+"d'advertència o sense.\n"
+"\n"
+"Per a silenciar aquest missatge, podeu establir-la a 'refuse'."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1934
+msgid "quiet"
+msgstr "silenciós"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1948
+msgid "You must specify a directory."
+msgstr "Heu d'especificar un directori."
+
+#: builtin/reflog.c:532 builtin/reflog.c:537
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid timestamp"
-msgstr "'%s' no és una marca de temps vàlida"
+msgstr "«%s» no és una marca de temps vàlida"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:12
+#: builtin/remote.c:13
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
 msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:13
+#: builtin/remote.c:14
 msgid ""
-"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
 "mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
 msgstr ""
-"git remote add [-t <branca>] [-m <mestra>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"git remote add [-t <branca>] [-m <mestra>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
 "mirror=<fetch|push>] <nom> <url>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:14 builtin/remote.c:33
+#: builtin/remote.c:15 builtin/remote.c:35
 msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
 msgstr "git remote rename <antic> <nou>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:15 builtin/remote.c:38
+#: builtin/remote.c:16 builtin/remote.c:40
 msgid "git remote remove <name>"
 msgstr "git remote remove <nom>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:16
-msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete |<branch>)"
-msgstr "git remote set-head <nom> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete |<branca>)"
+#: builtin/remote.c:17 builtin/remote.c:45
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
+msgstr "git remote set-head <nom> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branca>)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:17
+#: builtin/remote.c:18
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <nom>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:18
+#: builtin/remote.c:19
 msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <nom>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:19
+#: builtin/remote.c:20
 msgid ""
 "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
 msgstr ""
 "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<grup> | <remot>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:20
+#: builtin/remote.c:21
 msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches [--add] <nom> <branca>..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:21 builtin/remote.c:69
+#: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:71
+msgid "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <nom>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:76
 msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
 msgstr "git remote set-url [--push] <nom> <url-nou> [<url-antic>]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:70
+#: builtin/remote.c:24 builtin/remote.c:77
 msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
 msgstr "git remote set-url --add <nom> <url-nou>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:71
+#: builtin/remote.c:25 builtin/remote.c:78
 msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
 msgstr "git remote set-url --delete <nom> <url>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:28
+#: builtin/remote.c:30
 msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
 msgstr "git remote add [<opcions>] <nom> <url>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:43
-msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
-msgstr "git remote set-head <nom> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branca>)"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:48
+#: builtin/remote.c:50
 msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches <nom> <branca>..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:49
+#: builtin/remote.c:51
 msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches --add <nom> <branca>..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:54
+#: builtin/remote.c:56
 msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote show [<opcions>] <nom>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:59
+#: builtin/remote.c:61
 msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote prune [<opcions>] <nom>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:64
+#: builtin/remote.c:66
 msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
 msgstr "git remote update [<opcions>] [<grup> | <remot>]..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:88
+#: builtin/remote.c:95
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s"
-msgstr "Actualitzant %s"
+msgstr "S'està actualitzant %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:120
+#: builtin/remote.c:127
 msgid ""
 "--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
 "\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
 msgstr ""
-"--mirror és perillós i desaprovat; si us\n"
-"\t plau, useu --mirror=fetch o\t --mirror=push en lloc d'això"
+"--mirror és perillós i està en desús; \n"
+"\t useu --mirror=fetch o\n"
+"\t --mirror=push en lloc d'això"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:137
+#: builtin/remote.c:144
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
 msgstr "paràmetre de reflexió desconegut: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:153
+#: builtin/remote.c:160
 msgid "fetch the remote branches"
 msgstr "obtén les branques remotes"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:155
+#: builtin/remote.c:162
 msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
 msgstr "en obtenir, importa totes les etiquetes i tots els objectes"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:158
+#: builtin/remote.c:165
 msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
 msgstr "o no obtinguis cap etiqueta (--no-tags)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:160
+#: builtin/remote.c:167
 msgid "branch(es) to track"
 msgstr "branques a seguir"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:161
+#: builtin/remote.c:168
 msgid "master branch"
 msgstr "branca mestra"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:162
+#: builtin/remote.c:169
 msgid "push|fetch"
 msgstr "push|fetch"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:163
+#: builtin/remote.c:170
 msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
 msgstr "estableix el remot com a mirall al qual pujar o del qual obtenir"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:175
+#: builtin/remote.c:182
 msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
 msgstr "especificar una branca mestra no té sentit amb --mirror"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:177
+#: builtin/remote.c:184
 msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
 msgstr ""
-"especificar les branques a seguir té sentit només amb miralls d'obteniment"
+"especificar les branques a seguir té sentit només amb miralls d'obtenció"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:187 builtin/remote.c:643
+#: builtin/remote.c:191 builtin/remote.c:631
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote %s already exists."
 msgstr "el remot %s ja existeix."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:191 builtin/remote.c:647
+#: builtin/remote.c:195 builtin/remote.c:635
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
-msgstr "'%s' no és un nom de remot vàlid"
+msgstr "«%s» no és un nom de remot vàlid"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:235
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut configurar la mestra '%s'"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut configurar la mestra «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:335
+#: builtin/remote.c:337
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
 msgstr ""
-"No s'ha pogut obtenir el mapa d'obteniment de l'especificació de referència "
-"%s"
+"No s'ha pogut obtenir el mapa d'obtenció de l'especificació de referència %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:436 builtin/remote.c:444
+#: builtin/remote.c:438 builtin/remote.c:446
 msgid "(matching)"
 msgstr "(coincident)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:448
+#: builtin/remote.c:450
 msgid "(delete)"
 msgstr "(suprimir)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:592 builtin/remote.c:598 builtin/remote.c:604
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut annexar '%s' a '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:636 builtin/remote.c:795 builtin/remote.c:895
+#: builtin/remote.c:624 builtin/remote.c:759 builtin/remote.c:858
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote: %s"
 msgstr "No hi ha tal remot: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:653
+#: builtin/remote.c:641
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut canviar el nom de la secció de configuració '%s' a '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:659 builtin/remote.c:847
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut eliminar la secció de configuració '%s'"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut canviar el nom de la secció de configuració «%s» a «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:674
+#: builtin/remote.c:661
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
 "\t%s\n"
 "\tPlease update the configuration manually if necessary."
 msgstr ""
-"No actualitzant l'especificació de referències d'obteniment no per defecte\n"
+"No s'està actualitzant l'especificació de referències d'obtenció no per "
+"defecte\n"
 "\t%s\n"
-"\tSi us plau, actualitzeu la configuració manualment si és necessari."
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:680
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut annexar '%s'"
+"\tActualitzeu la configuració manualment si és necessari."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:691
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not set '%s'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut establir '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:713
+#: builtin/remote.c:697
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
-msgstr "la supressió de '%s' ha fallat"
+msgstr "la supressió de «%s» ha fallat"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:747
+#: builtin/remote.c:731
 #, c-format
 msgid "creating '%s' failed"
-msgstr "la creació de '%s' ha fallat"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:766
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove branch %s"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut eliminar la branca %s"
+msgstr "la creació de «%s» ha fallat"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:833
+#: builtin/remote.c:796
 msgid ""
 "Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
 "to delete it, use:"
@@ -8709,717 +12673,764 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "eliminat;\n"
 "per a suprimir-les, useu:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:948
+#: builtin/remote.c:810
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut eliminar la secció de configuració «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:911
 #, c-format
 msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
-msgstr " nou (el pròxim obteniment emmagatzemarà a remotes/%s)"
+msgstr " nou (la pròxima obtenció emmagatzemarà a remotes/%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:951
+#: builtin/remote.c:914
 msgid " tracked"
 msgstr " seguit"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:953
+#: builtin/remote.c:916
 msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
-msgstr " ranci (useu 'git remote prune' per a eliminar)"
+msgstr " estancat (useu 'git remote prune' per a eliminar)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:955
+#: builtin/remote.c:918
 msgid " ???"
 msgstr " ???"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:996
+#: builtin/remote.c:959
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
-msgstr "branch.%s.merge no vàlid; no es pot rebasar sobre > 1 branca"
+msgstr "branch.%s.merge no vàlid; no es pot fer «rebase» sobre > 1 branca"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1003
+#: builtin/remote.c:967
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively onto remote %s"
+msgstr "es fa «rebase» interactivament sobre el remot %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:968
 #, c-format
 msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
-msgstr "es rebasa sobre el remot %s"
+msgstr "es fa «rebase» sobre el remot %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1006
+#: builtin/remote.c:971
 #, c-format
 msgid " merges with remote %s"
 msgstr "es fusiona amb el remot %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1007
-msgid "    and with remote"
-msgstr "    i amb el remot"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:1009
+#: builtin/remote.c:974
 #, c-format
 msgid "merges with remote %s"
 msgstr "es fusiona amb el remot %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1010
-msgid "   and with remote"
-msgstr "   i amb el remot"
+#: builtin/remote.c:977
+#, c-format
+msgid "%-*s    and with remote %s\n"
+msgstr "%-*s    i amb el remot %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1056
+#: builtin/remote.c:1020
 msgid "create"
 msgstr "crea"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1059
+#: builtin/remote.c:1023
 msgid "delete"
 msgstr "suprimeix"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1063
+#: builtin/remote.c:1027
 msgid "up to date"
 msgstr "al dia"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1066
+#: builtin/remote.c:1030
 msgid "fast-forwardable"
 msgstr "avanç ràpid possible"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1069
+#: builtin/remote.c:1033
 msgid "local out of date"
 msgstr "local no actualitzat"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1076
+#: builtin/remote.c:1040
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
 msgstr "    %-*s força a %-*s (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1079
+#: builtin/remote.c:1043
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
 msgstr "    %-*s puja a %-*s (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1083
+#: builtin/remote.c:1047
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
 msgstr "    %-*s força a %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1086
+#: builtin/remote.c:1050
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
 msgstr "    %-*s puja a %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1154
+#: builtin/remote.c:1118
 msgid "do not query remotes"
 msgstr "no consultis els remots"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1181
+#: builtin/remote.c:1145
 #, c-format
 msgid "* remote %s"
 msgstr "* remot %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1182
+#: builtin/remote.c:1146
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
-msgstr "  URL d'obteniment: %s"
+msgstr "  URL d'obtenció: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1183 builtin/remote.c:1334
+#: builtin/remote.c:1147 builtin/remote.c:1163 builtin/remote.c:1302
 msgid "(no URL)"
 msgstr "(sense URL)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1192 builtin/remote.c:1194
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon ':' should align
+#. with the one in " Fetch URL: %s"
+#. translation.
+#.
+#: builtin/remote.c:1161 builtin/remote.c:1163
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
 msgstr "  URL de pujada: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1196 builtin/remote.c:1198 builtin/remote.c:1200
+#: builtin/remote.c:1165 builtin/remote.c:1167 builtin/remote.c:1169
 #, c-format
 msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
 msgstr "  Branca de HEAD: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1202
+#: builtin/remote.c:1165
+msgid "(not queried)"
+msgstr "(no consultat)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1167
+msgid "(unknown)"
+msgstr "(desconegut)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1171
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
 msgstr ""
-"  Branca de HEAD (el HEAD remot és ambigu, pot ser un dels següents):\n"
+"  Branca de HEAD (la HEAD remot és ambigua, pot ser un dels següents):\n"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1214
+#: builtin/remote.c:1183
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
 msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
 msgstr[0] "  Branca remota:%s"
 msgstr[1] "  Branques remotes:%s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1217 builtin/remote.c:1244
+#: builtin/remote.c:1186 builtin/remote.c:1212
 msgid " (status not queried)"
 msgstr " (estat no consultat)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1226
+#: builtin/remote.c:1195
 msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
 msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
-msgstr[0] "  Branca local configurada per a 'git pull':"
-msgstr[1] "  Branques locals configurades per a 'git pull':"
+msgstr[0] "  Branca local configurada per a «git pull»:"
+msgstr[1] "  Branques locals configurades per a «git pull»:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1234
+#: builtin/remote.c:1203
 msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
-msgstr "  'git push' reflectirà les referències locals"
+msgstr "  «git push» reflectirà les referències locals"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1241
+#: builtin/remote.c:1209
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
 msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
-msgstr[0] "  Referència local configurada per a 'git push'%s:"
-msgstr[1] "  Referències locals configurades per a 'git push'%s:"
+msgstr[0] "  Referència local configurada per a «git push»%s:"
+msgstr[1] "  Referències locals configurades per a «git push»%s:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1262
+#: builtin/remote.c:1230
 msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
 msgstr "estableix refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD segons el remot"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1264
+#: builtin/remote.c:1232
 msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
 msgstr "suprimeix refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1279
+#: builtin/remote.c:1247
 msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
-msgstr "No es pot determinar el HEAD remot"
+msgstr "No es pot determinar la HEAD remota"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1281
+#: builtin/remote.c:1249
 msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
-msgstr ""
-"Múltiples branques de HEAD remotes. Si us plau, trieu-ne una explícitament "
-"amb:"
+msgstr "Múltiples branques de HEAD remotes. Trieu-ne una explícitament amb:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1291
+#: builtin/remote.c:1259
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not delete %s"
 msgstr "No s'ha pogut suprimir %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1299
+#: builtin/remote.c:1267
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
 msgstr "No és una referència vàlida: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1301
+#: builtin/remote.c:1269
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not setup %s"
 msgstr "No s'ha pogut configurar %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1319
+#: builtin/remote.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s will become dangling!"
 msgstr " %s es tornarà penjant!"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1320
+#: builtin/remote.c:1288
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s has become dangling!"
 msgstr " %s s'ha tornat penjant!"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1330
+#: builtin/remote.c:1298
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pruning %s"
-msgstr "Podant %s"
+msgstr "S'està podant %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1331
+#: builtin/remote.c:1299
 #, c-format
 msgid "URL: %s"
 msgstr "URL: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1354
+#: builtin/remote.c:1315
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [would prune] %s"
 msgstr " * [podaria] %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1357
+#: builtin/remote.c:1318
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [pruned] %s"
 msgstr " * [podat] %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1402
+#: builtin/remote.c:1363
 msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
 msgstr "poda els remots després d'obtenir-los"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1468 builtin/remote.c:1542
+#: builtin/remote.c:1426 builtin/remote.c:1480 builtin/remote.c:1548
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote '%s'"
-msgstr "No hi ha tal remot '%s'"
+msgstr "No hi ha tal remot «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1488
+#: builtin/remote.c:1442
 msgid "add branch"
 msgstr "afegeix branca"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1495
+#: builtin/remote.c:1449
 msgid "no remote specified"
 msgstr "cap remot especificat"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1517
+#: builtin/remote.c:1466
+msgid "query push URLs rather than fetch URLs"
+msgstr "consulta els URL de pujada en lloc dels URL d'obtenció"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1468
+msgid "return all URLs"
+msgstr "retorna tots els URL"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1496
+#, c-format
+msgid "no URLs configured for remote '%s'"
+msgstr "cap URL configurat per al remot «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1522
 msgid "manipulate push URLs"
 msgstr "manipula els URL de pujada"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1519
+#: builtin/remote.c:1524
 msgid "add URL"
 msgstr "afegeix URL"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1521
+#: builtin/remote.c:1526
 msgid "delete URLs"
-msgstr "suprimeix URLs"
+msgstr "suprimeix els URL"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1528
+#: builtin/remote.c:1533
 msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
 msgstr "--add --delete no té sentit"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1568
+#: builtin/remote.c:1572
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
 msgstr "Patró d'URL antic no vàlid: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1576
+#: builtin/remote.c:1580
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such URL found: %s"
 msgstr "No s'ha trobat tal URL: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1578
+#: builtin/remote.c:1582
 msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
 msgstr "No se suprimiran tots els URL no de pujada"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1592
+#: builtin/remote.c:1598
 msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
 msgstr "sigues detallat; s'ha de col·locar abans d'una subordre"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:17
-msgid "git repack [options]"
-msgstr "git repack [opcions]"
+#: builtin/remote.c:1629
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "Subordre desconeguda: %s"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:159
+#: builtin/repack.c:18
+msgid "git repack [<options>]"
+msgstr "git repack [<opcions>]"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:23
+msgid ""
+"Incremental repacks are incompatible with bitmap indexes.  Use\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index or disable the pack.writebitmaps configuration."
+msgstr ""
+"Els reempaquetaments incrementals són incompatibles amb els índexs de "
+"bitmaps.  Useu\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index o inhabiliteu el paràmetre de configuració pack."
+"writebitmaps."
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:170
 msgid "pack everything in a single pack"
 msgstr "empaqueta-ho tot en un únic paquet"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:161
+#: builtin/repack.c:172
 msgid "same as -a, and turn unreachable objects loose"
 msgstr "el mateix que -a, i solta els objectes inabastables"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:164
+#: builtin/repack.c:175
 msgid "remove redundant packs, and run git-prune-packed"
-msgstr "tragueu els paquets redundants, i executeu git-prune-packed"
+msgstr "elimina els paquets redundants, i executeu git-prune-packed"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:166
+#: builtin/repack.c:177
 msgid "pass --no-reuse-delta to git-pack-objects"
-msgstr "passa l'argument --no-reuse-delta a git-pack-objects"
+msgstr "passa --no-reuse-delta a git-pack-objects"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:168
+#: builtin/repack.c:179
 msgid "pass --no-reuse-object to git-pack-objects"
-msgstr "passa l'argument --no-reuse-object a git-pack-objects"
+msgstr "passa --no-reuse-object a git-pack-objects"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:170
+#: builtin/repack.c:181
 msgid "do not run git-update-server-info"
 msgstr "no executis git-update-server-info"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:173
+#: builtin/repack.c:184
 msgid "pass --local to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "passa --local a git-pack-objects"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:175
+#: builtin/repack.c:186
 msgid "write bitmap index"
 msgstr "escriu índex de mapa de bits"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:176
+#: builtin/repack.c:187
 msgid "approxidate"
-msgstr "aproximat"
+msgstr "data aproximada"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:177
+#: builtin/repack.c:188
 msgid "with -A, do not loosen objects older than this"
 msgstr "amb -A, no soltis els objectes més vells que aquest"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:179
+#: builtin/repack.c:190
+msgid "with -a, repack unreachable objects"
+msgstr "amb -a, reempaqueta els objectes inabastables"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:192
 msgid "size of the window used for delta compression"
-msgstr "mida de la finestra que s'usa per a compressió de deltes"
+msgstr "mida de la finestra que s'usa per a compressió de diferències"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:180 builtin/repack.c:184
+#: builtin/repack.c:193 builtin/repack.c:199
 msgid "bytes"
 msgstr "octets"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:181
+#: builtin/repack.c:194
 msgid "same as the above, but limit memory size instead of entries count"
 msgstr ""
-"el mateix que l'anterior, però limita la mida de memòria en lloc del "
-"recompte d'entrades"
+"el mateix que l'anterior, però limita la mida de memòria en lloc del nombre "
+"d'entrades"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:183
+#: builtin/repack.c:196
 msgid "limits the maximum delta depth"
-msgstr "limita la profunditat màxima de les deltes"
+msgstr "limita la profunditat màxima de les diferències"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:185
+#: builtin/repack.c:198
+msgid "limits the maximum number of threads"
+msgstr "limita el nombre màxim de fils"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:200
 msgid "maximum size of each packfile"
 msgstr "mida màxima de cada fitxer de paquet"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:187
+#: builtin/repack.c:202
 msgid "repack objects in packs marked with .keep"
 msgstr "reempaqueta els objectes en paquets marcats amb .keep"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:371
+#: builtin/repack.c:212
+msgid "cannot delete packs in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "no es poden suprimir paquets en un dipòsit d'objectes preciosos"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:216
+msgid "--keep-unreachable and -A are incompatible"
+msgstr "--keep-unreachable i -A són incompatibles"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:410 builtin/worktree.c:148
 #, c-format
-msgid "removing '%s' failed"
-msgstr "la supressió de '%s' ha fallat"
+msgid "failed to remove '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en eliminar «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:19
+#: builtin/replace.c:20
 msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] <objecte> <reemplaçament>"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:20
+#: builtin/replace.c:21
 msgid "git replace [-f] --edit <object>"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] --edit <objecte>"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:21
+#: builtin/replace.c:22
 msgid "git replace [-f] --graft <commit> [<parent>...]"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] --graft <comissió> [<mare>...]"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:22
+#: builtin/replace.c:23
 msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
 msgstr "git replace -d <objecte>..."
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:23
+#: builtin/replace.c:24
 msgid "git replace [--format=<format>] [-l [<pattern>]]"
 msgstr "git replace [--format=<format>] [-l [<patró>]]"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:325 builtin/replace.c:363 builtin/replace.c:391
+#: builtin/replace.c:331 builtin/replace.c:369 builtin/replace.c:397
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'"
-msgstr "No és un nom d'objecte vàlid: '%s'"
+msgstr "No és un nom d'objecte vàlid: «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:355
+#: builtin/replace.c:361
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad mergetag in commit '%s'"
-msgstr "etiqueta de fusió dolenta en la comissió '%s'"
+msgstr "etiqueta de fusió incorrecta en la comissió «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:357
+#: builtin/replace.c:363
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed mergetag in commit '%s'"
-msgstr "etiqueta de fusió mal formada en la comissió '%s'"
+msgstr "etiqueta de fusió mal formada en la comissió «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:368
+#: builtin/replace.c:374
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "original commit '%s' contains mergetag '%s' that is discarded; use --edit "
 "instead of --graft"
 msgstr ""
-"la comissió original '%s' conté l'etiqueta de fusió '%s' que es descarta; "
+"la comissió original «%s» conté l'etiqueta de fusió «%s» que es descarta; "
 "useu --edit en lloc de --graft"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:401
+#: builtin/replace.c:407
 #, c-format
 msgid "the original commit '%s' has a gpg signature."
-msgstr "la comissió original '%s' té una firma gpg."
+msgstr "la comissió original «%s» té una signatura gpg."
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:402
+#: builtin/replace.c:408
 msgid "the signature will be removed in the replacement commit!"
-msgstr "la firma s'eliminarà en la comissió de reemplaçament!"
+msgstr "s'eliminarà la signatura en la comissió de reemplaçament!"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:408
+#: builtin/replace.c:414
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not write replacement commit for: '%s'"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure la comissió de reemplaçament per a: '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure la comissió de reemplaçament per a: «%s»"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:432
+#: builtin/replace.c:438
 msgid "list replace refs"
 msgstr "llista les referències reemplaçades"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:433
+#: builtin/replace.c:439
 msgid "delete replace refs"
 msgstr "suprimeix les referències reemplaçades"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:434
+#: builtin/replace.c:440
 msgid "edit existing object"
 msgstr "edita un objecte existent"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:435
+#: builtin/replace.c:441
 msgid "change a commit's parents"
 msgstr "canvia les mares d'una comissió"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:436
+#: builtin/replace.c:442
 msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
 msgstr "reemplaça la referència si existeix"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:437
+#: builtin/replace.c:444
 msgid "do not pretty-print contents for --edit"
 msgstr "no imprimeixis bellament els continguts per a --edit"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:438
+#: builtin/replace.c:445
 msgid "use this format"
 msgstr "usa aquest format"
 
-#: builtin/rerere.c:12
-msgid "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
-msgstr "git rerere [clear | forget camí... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+#: builtin/rerere.c:13
+msgid "git rerere [clear | forget <path>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+msgstr "git rerere [clear | forget <camí>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
 
-#: builtin/rerere.c:57
+#: builtin/rerere.c:59
 msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
 msgstr "registra les resolucions netes en l'índex"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:26
+#: builtin/reset.c:29
 msgid ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<comissió>]"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:27
-msgid "git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <paths>..."
-msgstr "git reset [-q] <arbre> [--] <camins>..."
+#: builtin/reset.c:30
+msgid "git reset [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git reset [-q] [<arbre>] [--] <camins>..."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:28
+#: builtin/reset.c:31
 msgid "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"
 msgstr "git reset --patch [<arbre>] [--] [<camins>...]"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "mixed"
 msgstr "mixt"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "soft"
 msgstr "suau"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "hard"
 msgstr "dur"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "merge"
 msgstr "fusió"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "keep"
 msgstr "reteniment"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:74
+#: builtin/reset.c:78
 msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
 msgstr "No teniu un HEAD vàlid."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:76
+#: builtin/reset.c:80
 msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en trobar l'arbre de HEAD."
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en trobar l'arbre de HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:82
+#: builtin/reset.c:86
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en trobar l'arbre de %s."
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en cercar l'arbre de %s."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:100
+#: builtin/reset.c:111
 #, c-format
 msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
 msgstr "HEAD ara és a %s"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:183
+#: builtin/reset.c:189
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
 msgstr "No es pot fer un restabliment de %s enmig d'una fusió."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:276
+#: builtin/reset.c:289
 msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
-msgstr "calla, només informa d'errors"
+msgstr "sigues silenciós, només informa d'errors"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:278
+#: builtin/reset.c:291
 msgid "reset HEAD and index"
 msgstr "restableix HEAD i l'índex"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:279
+#: builtin/reset.c:292
 msgid "reset only HEAD"
 msgstr "restableix només HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:281 builtin/reset.c:283
+#: builtin/reset.c:294 builtin/reset.c:296
 msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
 msgstr "restableix HEAD, l'índex i l'arbre de treball"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:285
+#: builtin/reset.c:298
 msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
 msgstr "restableix HEAD però retén els canvis locals"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:288
+#: builtin/reset.c:304
 msgid "record only the fact that removed paths will be added later"
-msgstr "registra només el fet de que els camins eliminats s'afegiran després"
+msgstr "registra només el fet que els camins eliminats s'afegiran després"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:305
+#: builtin/reset.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en resoldre '%s' com a revisió vàlida."
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:308 builtin/reset.c:316
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut analitzar l'objecte '%s'."
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en resoldre «%s» com a revisió vàlida."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:313
+#: builtin/reset.c:329
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en resoldre '%s' com a arbre vàlid."
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en resoldre «%s» com a arbre vàlid."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:322
+#: builtin/reset.c:338
 msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 msgstr "--patch és incompatible amb --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#: builtin/reset.c:347
 msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
 msgstr ""
-"--mixed amb camins està desaprovat; useu 'git reset -- <camins>' en lloc "
+"--mixed amb camins està en desús; useu 'git reset -- <camins>' en lloc "
 "d'això."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:333
+#: builtin/reset.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
-msgstr "No es pot fer reinici de %s amb camins."
+msgstr "No es pot restablir de %s amb camins."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:343
+#: builtin/reset.c:359
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
-msgstr "el reinici de %s no es permet en un dipòsit nu"
+msgstr "el restabliment de %s no es permet en un dipòsit nu"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#: builtin/reset.c:363
 msgid "-N can only be used with --mixed"
 msgstr "-N només es pot usar amb --mixed"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:364
+#: builtin/reset.c:380
 msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
-msgstr "Canvis no allistats després de restabliment:"
+msgstr "Canvis «unstaged» després del restabliment:"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:370
+#: builtin/reset.c:386
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut restablir el fitxer d'índex a la revisió '%s'."
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut restablir el fitxer d'índex a la revisió «%s»."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:374
+#: builtin/reset.c:390
 msgid "Could not write new index file."
 msgstr "No s'ha pogut escriure el fitxer d'índex nou."
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:361
-msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
-msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [opcions] -- [<paràmetres>...]"
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:397
+msgid "cannot combine --exclude-promisor-objects and --missing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:455
+msgid "object filtering requires --objects"
+msgstr "el filtratge d'objectes requereix --objects"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:458
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid sparse value '%s'"
+msgstr "valor parcial no vàlid: «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:499
+msgid "rev-list does not support display of notes"
+msgstr "el rev-list no permet mostrar notes"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:366
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:502
+msgid "cannot combine --use-bitmap-index with object filtering"
+msgstr "no es pot combinar --use-bitmap-index amb el filtratge d'objectes"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:402
+msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]"
+msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [<opcions>] -- [<paràmetres>...]"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:407
 msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
-msgstr "retén el `--` passat com a paràmetre"
+msgstr "retén el «--» passat com a paràmetre"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:368
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:409
 msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
 msgstr "deixa d'analitzar després del primer paràmetre no d'opció"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:371
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:412
 msgid "output in stuck long form"
 msgstr "emet en forma llarga enganxada"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:499
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:545
 msgid ""
-"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]\n"
 "   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
-"   or: git rev-parse [options] [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [<options>] [<arg>...]\n"
 "\n"
 "Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
 msgstr ""
-"git rev-parse --parseopt [opcions] -- [<paràmetres>...]\n"
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<opcions>] -- [<paràmetres>...]\n"
 "   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<paràmetre>...]\n"
-"   or: git rev-parse [opcions] [<paràmetre>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [<opcions>] [<paràmetre>...]\n"
 "\n"
 "Executeu \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" per més informació sobre l'ús "
 "inicial."
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:22
-msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>..."
-msgstr "git revert [opcions] <comissió>..."
-
 #: builtin/revert.c:23
+msgid "git revert [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git revert [<opcions>] <comissió>..."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:24
 msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
 msgstr "git revert <subordre>"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:28
-msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>..."
-msgstr "git cherry-pick [opcions] <comissió>..."
-
 #: builtin/revert.c:29
+msgid "git cherry-pick [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git cherry-pick [<opcions>] <comissió>..."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:30
 msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
 msgstr "git cherry-pick <subordre>"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:71
+#: builtin/revert.c:90
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr "%s: %s no es pot usar amb %s"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:80
+#: builtin/revert.c:99
 msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
-msgstr "acaba la seqüència de reversió o el recull de cireres"
+msgstr "acaba la seqüència de reversió o el «cherry pick»"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:81
+#: builtin/revert.c:100
 msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
-msgstr "reprèn la seqüència de reversió o el recull de cireres"
+msgstr "reprèn la seqüència de reversió o el «cherry pick»"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:82
+#: builtin/revert.c:101
 msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
-msgstr "cancel·la la seqüència de reversió o el recull de cireres"
+msgstr "cancel·la la seqüència de reversió o el «cherry pick»"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:83
+#: builtin/revert.c:102
 msgid "don't automatically commit"
 msgstr "no cometis automàticament"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:84
+#: builtin/revert.c:103
 msgid "edit the commit message"
 msgstr "edita el missatge de comissió"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:87
-msgid "parent number"
-msgstr "número de mare"
+#: builtin/revert.c:106
+msgid "parent-number"
+msgstr "número del pare"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:89
+#: builtin/revert.c:107
+msgid "select mainline parent"
+msgstr "selecciona la línia principal del pare"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "merge strategy"
 msgstr "estratègia de fusió"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:90
+#: builtin/revert.c:110
 msgid "option"
 msgstr "opció"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:91
+#: builtin/revert.c:111
 msgid "option for merge strategy"
 msgstr "opció d'estratègia de fusió"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:104
+#: builtin/revert.c:120
 msgid "append commit name"
 msgstr "nom de la comissió a annexar"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:105
-msgid "allow fast-forward"
-msgstr "permet l'avanç ràpid"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:106
+#: builtin/revert.c:122
 msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
 msgstr "preserva les comissions inicialment buides"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:107
-msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
-msgstr "permet les comissions amb missatges buits"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:108
+#: builtin/revert.c:124
 msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
 msgstr "retén les comissions redundants i buides"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:112
-msgid "program error"
-msgstr "error de programa"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:197
+#: builtin/revert.c:214
 msgid "revert failed"
 msgstr "la reversió ha fallat"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:212
+#: builtin/revert.c:227
 msgid "cherry-pick failed"
-msgstr "el recull de cireres ha fallat"
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:17
-msgid "git rm [options] [--] <file>..."
-msgstr "git rm [opcions] [--] <fitxer>..."
+msgstr "el «cherry pick» ha fallat"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:65
-msgid ""
-"the following submodule (or one of its nested submodules)\n"
-"uses a .git directory:"
-msgid_plural ""
-"the following submodules (or one of their nested submodules)\n"
-"use a .git directory:"
-msgstr[0] ""
-"el submòdul següent (o un dels seus submòduls niats)\n"
-"usa un directori .git:"
-msgstr[1] ""
-"els submòduls següents (o un dels seus submòduls niats)\n"
-"usa un directori .git:"
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:71
-msgid ""
-"\n"
-"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
-msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"(useu 'rm -rf' si realment voleu eliminar-lo, inclòs tota la seva història)"
+#: builtin/rm.c:18
+msgid "git rm [<options>] [--] <file>..."
+msgstr "git rm [<opcions>] [--] <fitxer>..."
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:231
+#: builtin/rm.c:206
 msgid ""
 "the following file has staged content different from both the\n"
 "file and the HEAD:"
@@ -9427,239 +13438,683 @@ msgid_plural ""
 "the following files have staged content different from both the\n"
 "file and the HEAD:"
 msgstr[0] ""
-"el fitxer següent té contingut allistat diferent d'ambdós el\n"
-"fitxer i el HEAD:"
+"el fitxer següent té contingut «stage» diferent d'ambdós el\n"
+"fitxer i la HEAD:"
 msgstr[1] ""
-"els fitxers següents tenen contingut allistat diferent d'ambdós\n"
-"el fitxer i el HEAD:"
+"els fitxers següents tenen contingut «stage» diferent d'ambdós\n"
+"el fitxer i la HEAD:"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:236
+#: builtin/rm.c:211
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "(use -f to force removal)"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"(useu -f per a forçar la supressió)"
+"(useu -f per a forçar l'eliminació)"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:240
+#: builtin/rm.c:215
 msgid "the following file has changes staged in the index:"
 msgid_plural "the following files have changes staged in the index:"
-msgstr[0] "el fitxer següent té canvis allistats en l'índex:"
-msgstr[1] "els fitxers següents tenen canvis allistats en l'índex:"
+msgstr[0] "el fitxer següent té canvis «staged» en l'índex:"
+msgstr[1] "els fitxers següents tenen canvis «staged» en l'índex:"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:244 builtin/rm.c:255
+#: builtin/rm.c:219 builtin/rm.c:228
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"(useu --cached per a desar el fitxer, o -f per a forçar la supressió)"
+"(useu --cached per a mantenir el fitxer, o -f per a forçar l'eliminació)"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:252
+#: builtin/rm.c:225
 msgid "the following file has local modifications:"
 msgid_plural "the following files have local modifications:"
 msgstr[0] "el fitxer següent té modificacions locals:"
 msgstr[1] "els fitxers següents tenen modificacions locals:"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:270
+#: builtin/rm.c:243
 msgid "do not list removed files"
 msgstr "no llistis els fitxers eliminats"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:271
+#: builtin/rm.c:244
 msgid "only remove from the index"
 msgstr "només elimina de l'índex"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:272
+#: builtin/rm.c:245
 msgid "override the up-to-date check"
 msgstr "passa per alt la comprovació d'actualitat"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:273
+#: builtin/rm.c:246
 msgid "allow recursive removal"
-msgstr "permet la supressió recursiva"
+msgstr "permet l'eliminació recursiva"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:275
+#: builtin/rm.c:248
 msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
 msgstr "surt amb estat zero encara que res hagi coincidit"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:318
-msgid "Please, stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
-msgstr ""
-"Si us plau, allisteu els vostres canvis a .gitmodules o emmagatzemeu-los per "
-"a procedir"
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:336
+#: builtin/rm.c:307
 #, c-format
 msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
-msgstr "no eliminant '%s' recursivament sense -r"
+msgstr "no s'està eliminant «%s» recursivament sense -r"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:375
+#: builtin/rm.c:346
 #, c-format
 msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
 msgstr "git rm: no s'ha pogut eliminar %s"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:13
-msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"
-msgstr "git shortlog [<opcions>] [<rang de revisions>] [[--] [<camí>...]]"
-
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:131
+#: builtin/rm.c:369
 #, c-format
-msgid "Missing author: %s"
-msgstr "Manca l'autor: %s"
+msgid "could not remove '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut suprimir «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:19
+msgid ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<host>:]<directory> "
+"[<ref>...]\n"
+"  --all and explicit <ref> specification are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-"
+"pack=<paquet-del-git-receive>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] "
+"[<màquina>:]<directori> [<referència>...]\n"
+"  --all i especificació <referència> explícita són mútuament excloents."
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:162
+msgid "remote name"
+msgstr "nom del remot"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:176
+msgid "use stateless RPC protocol"
+msgstr "usa el protocol RPC sense estat"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:230
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:177
+msgid "read refs from stdin"
+msgstr "llegeix les referències des de stdin"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:178
+msgid "print status from remote helper"
+msgstr "imprimeix l'estat des de l'ajudant remot"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:14
+msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr "git shortlog [<opcions>] [<rang-de-revisions>] [[--] [<camí>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:263
+msgid "Group by committer rather than author"
+msgstr "Agrupa per «comitter» en comptes de per autor"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:265
 msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
 msgstr "ordena la sortida segons el nombre de comissions per autor"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:232
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:267
 msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
 msgstr ""
 "Omet les descripcions de comissió, només proveeix el recompte de comissions"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:234
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:269
 msgid "Show the email address of each author"
-msgstr "Mostra l'adreça de correu electrònic de cada autor"
+msgstr "Mostra l'adreça electrònica de cada autor"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:235
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:270
 msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 msgstr "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:236
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:271
 msgid "Linewrap output"
 msgstr "Ajusta les línies de la sortida"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:9
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:12
 msgid ""
-"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
-"\t\t       [--current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
-"\t\t       [--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
-"\t       [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <glob>)...]"
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"\t\t[--current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
+"\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
+"\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <glob>)...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
-"\t\t       [--current] [--color[=<quan>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
-"\t\t       [--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
-"\t\t       [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<revisió> | <glob>)...]"
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"\t\t[--current] [--color[=<quan>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
+"\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
+"\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<revisió> | <glob>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:13
-msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
-msgstr "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<referència>]"
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:16
+msgid "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<referència>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d ref"
+msgid_plural "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "s'està ignorant %s; no es pot gestionar més de %d referència"
+msgstr[1] "s'està ignorant %s; no es poden gestionar més de %d referències"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "no matching refs with %s"
+msgstr "no hi ha referències coincidents amb %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:626
 msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "mostra les branques amb seguiment remot i les locals"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:654
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:628
 msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "mostra les branques amb seguiment remot"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:630
 msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
 msgstr "colora '*!+-' corresponent a la branca"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:658
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:632
 msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
 msgstr "mostra <n> comissions després de l'avantpassat comú"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:634
 msgid "synonym to more=-1"
 msgstr "sinònim de more=-1"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:661
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:635
 msgid "suppress naming strings"
-msgstr "omet l'anomenament de cadenes"
+msgstr "omet anomenar cadenes"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:663
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:637
 msgid "include the current branch"
 msgstr "inclou la branca actual"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:665
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:639
 msgid "name commits with their object names"
 msgstr "anomena les comissions amb els seus noms d'objecte"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:667
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:641
 msgid "show possible merge bases"
 msgstr "mostra les bases de fusió possibles"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:669
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:643
 msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
-msgstr "mostra les referències inabastables de qualsevulla altra referència"
+msgstr "mostra les referències inabastables de qualsevol altra referència"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:671
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:645
 msgid "show commits in topological order"
 msgstr "mostra les comissions en ordre topològic"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:674
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:648
 msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
 msgstr "mostra només les comissions que no siguin en la primera branca"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:676
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:650
 msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
 msgstr "mostra les fusions abastables de només una punta"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
 msgid "topologically sort, maintaining date order where possible"
 msgstr "ordena topològicament, mantenint l'ordre de dates on sigui possible"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:681
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
 msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
 msgstr "<n>[,<base>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:682
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
 msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
 msgstr "mostra les <n> entrades més recents començant a la base"
 
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:690
+msgid ""
+"--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, --independent or --merge-base"
+msgstr ""
+"--reflog és incompatible amb --all, --remotes, --independent o --merge-base"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:714
+msgid "no branches given, and HEAD is not valid"
+msgstr "no s'ha donat cap branca, i HEAD no és vàlid"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:717
+msgid "--reflog option needs one branch name"
+msgstr "l'opció --reflog necessita un nom de branca"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "only %d entry can be shown at one time."
+msgid_plural "only %d entries can be shown at one time."
+msgstr[0] "es pot mostrar només %d entrada a la vegada."
+msgstr[1] "es poden mostrar només %d entrades a la vegada."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:724
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such ref %s"
+msgstr "no hi ha tal referència %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d rev."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d revs."
+msgstr[0] "no es pot gestionar més d'%d revisió."
+msgstr[1] "no es poden gestionar més de %d revisions."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:812
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid ref."
+msgstr "«%s» no és una referència vàlida."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot find commit %s (%s)"
+msgstr "no es pot trobar la comissió %s (%s)"
+
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:10
 msgid ""
-"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
-"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<pattern>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
-"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [patró*] "
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<patró>...]"
 
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:11
-msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list"
-msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < llista-de-referències"
+msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<patró>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:159
 msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
 msgstr "mostra només les etiquetes (es pot combinar amb heads)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:169
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:160
 msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
 msgstr "mostra només els caps (es pot combinar amb tags)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:161
 msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
 msgstr ""
 "comprovació de referència més estricta, requereix el camí de referència "
 "exacte"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:173 builtin/show-ref.c:175
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:164 builtin/show-ref.c:166
 msgid "show the HEAD reference, even if it would be filtered out"
 msgstr "mostra la referència HEAD, encara que es filtrés"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:177
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
 msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
-msgstr "dereferencia les etiquetes a IDs d'objecte"
+msgstr "desreferencia les etiquetes a ID d'objecte"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:179
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
 msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
 msgstr "mostra el hash SHA1 usant només <n> xifres"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:183
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:174
 msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
 msgstr "no imprimeixis els resultats a stdout (útil amb --verify)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:185
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
 msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
-msgstr "mostra les referències d'stdin que no siguin en el dipòsit local"
+msgstr "mostra les referències de stdin que no siguin en el dipòsit local"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:18
+msgid "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:19
+msgid "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:36
+msgid "skip and remove all lines starting with comment character"
+msgstr ""
+"omet i elimina totes les línies que comencin amb el caràcter de comentari"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:39
+msgid "prepend comment character and space to each line"
+msgstr "anteposa el caràcter de comentari i un espai a cada línia"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:35 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1669
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such ref: %s"
+msgstr "No hi ha tal referència: %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:42 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1678
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expecting a full ref name, got %s"
+msgstr "S'espera un nom de referència ple, s'ha rebut %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:59
+msgid "submodule--helper print-default-remote takes no arguments"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:96
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '%s'"
+msgstr "no es pot despullar un component de l'url «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:404 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1198
+msgid "alternative anchor for relative paths"
+msgstr "àncora alternativa per als camins relatius"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:7
-msgid "git symbolic-ref [options] name [ref]"
-msgstr "git symbolic-ref [opcions] nom [referència]"
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:409
+msgid "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<camí>] [<camí>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:460 builtin/submodule--helper.c:483
+#, c-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '%s' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr "No s'ha trobat cap url per al camí de submòdul «%s» a .gitmodules"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:498
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not lookup configuration '%s'. Assuming this repository is its own "
+"authoritative upstream."
+msgstr ""
+"no s'ha pogut trobar la configuració «%s». S'assumeix que aquest dipòsit és "
+"el seu dipòsit font autoritzat."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:509
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en registrar l'url per al camí de submòdul «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:513
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) registered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "S'ha registrat el submòdul «%s» (%s) per al camí «%s»\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:523
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: command update mode suggested for submodule '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"advertència: se suggereix el mode d'actualització per ordre per al submòdul "
+"«%s»\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"S'ha produït un error en registrar el mode d'actualització per al camí de "
+"submòdul «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:552
+msgid "Suppress output for initializing a submodule"
+msgstr "Omet la sortida d'inicialitzar un submòdul"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:557
+msgid "git submodule--helper init [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper init [<camí>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:625 builtin/submodule--helper.c:747
+#, c-format
+msgid "no submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '%s'"
+msgstr "No s'ha trobat cap mapatge de submòdul a .gitmodules per al camí «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:660
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD ref inside the submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut resoldre la referència a HEAD dins del submòdul «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:687 builtin/submodule--helper.c:856
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en cercar recursivament al submòdul «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:711 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1021
+msgid "Suppress submodule status output"
+msgstr "Suprimeix la sortida de l'estat del submòdul"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:712
+msgid ""
+"Use commit stored in the index instead of the one stored in the submodule "
+"HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:713
+msgid "recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "inclou recursivament els submòduls imbrincats"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:718
+msgid "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<camí>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:742
+msgid "git submodule--helper name <path>"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper name <camí>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:806
+#, c-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '%s'\n"
+msgstr "S'està sincronitzant l'url del submòdul per a «%s»\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:812
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en registrar l'url per al camí del submòdul «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:826
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to get the default remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"s'ha produït un error en obtenir el remot per defecte pel submòdul «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:837
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to update remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en actualitzar el remot pel submòdul «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:885
+msgid "Suppress output of synchronizing submodule url"
+msgstr "Omet la sortida de la sincronització de l'url del submòdul"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:887
+msgid "Recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "Inclou recursivament els submòduls imbrincats"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:892
+msgid "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<camí>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:946
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains a .git directory (use 'rm -rf' if you "
+"really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+"L'arbre de treball de submòdul «%s» conté un directori .git\n"
+"(useu 'rm -rf' si realment voleu eliminar-lo, incloent tota la seva història)"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:958
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains local modifications; use '-f' to discard "
+"them"
+msgstr ""
+"L'arbre de treball del submòdul «%s» conté modificacions locals; useu '-f' "
+"per a descartar-les"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:966
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cleared directory '%s'\n"
+msgstr "S'ha netejat el directori «%s»\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:968
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '%s'\n"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut eliminar l'arbre de treball de submòdul «%s»\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:977
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create empty submodule directory %s"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut crear el directori de submòdul buit %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:993
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) unregistered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "S'ha desregistrat el submòdul «%s» (%s) per al camí «%s»\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1022
+msgid "Remove submodule working trees even if they contain local changes"
+msgstr ""
+"Suprimeix els arbres de treball dels submòduls fins i tot si contenen canvis "
+"locals"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1023
+msgid "Unregister all submodules"
+msgstr "Desregistra recursivament tots els submòduls"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1028
+msgid ""
+"git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<camí>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1042
+msgid "Use '--all' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgstr "Useu '--all' si realment voleu desinicialitzar tots els submòduls"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1133 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1136
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' cannot add alternate: %s"
+msgstr "el submòdul «%s» no pot afegir un alternatiu: %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1172
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateErrorStrategy is not recognized"
+msgstr "No es reconeix el valor «%s» per a submodule.alternateErrorStrategy"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1179
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateLocation is not recognized"
+msgstr "No es reconeix el valor «%s» per a submodule.alternateLocation"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1201
+msgid "where the new submodule will be cloned to"
+msgstr "a on es clonarà el submòdul nou"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1204
+msgid "name of the new submodule"
+msgstr "nom del submòdul nou"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1207
+msgid "url where to clone the submodule from"
+msgstr "url del qual clonar el submòdul"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1213
+msgid "depth for shallow clones"
+msgstr "profunditat dels clons superficials"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1216 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1587
+msgid "force cloning progress"
+msgstr "força el progrés del clonatge"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1221
+msgid ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<path>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<repository>] [--name <name>] [--depth <depth>] --url <url> --path <path>"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<camí>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<dipòsit>] [--name <nom>] [--depth <profunditat>] --url <url> --path <camí>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1252
+#, c-format
+msgid "clone of '%s' into submodule path '%s' failed"
+msgstr "el clonatge de «%s» al camí de submòdul «%s» ha fallat"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1267
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get submodule directory for '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut obtenir el directori de submòdul per a «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1332
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule path '%s' not initialized"
+msgstr "El camí de submòdul «%s» no està inicialitzat"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1336
+msgid "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr "Potser voleu usar 'update --init'?"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1365
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping unmerged submodule %s"
+msgstr "S'està ometent el submòdul no fusionat %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1394
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "S'està ometent el submòdul «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1527
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s'. Retry scheduled"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en clonar «%s». S'ha programat un reintent"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1538
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s' a second time, aborting"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error per segon cop en clonar «%s», s'està avortant"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1568 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1788
+msgid "path into the working tree"
+msgstr "camí a l'arbre de treball"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1571
+msgid "path into the working tree, across nested submodule boundaries"
+msgstr "camí a l'arbre de treball, a través de fronteres de submòduls niats"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1575
+msgid "rebase, merge, checkout or none"
+msgstr "rebase, merge, checkout o none"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1579
+msgid "Create a shallow clone truncated to the specified number of revisions"
+msgstr "Crea un clon superficial truncat al nombre de revisions especificat"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1582
+msgid "parallel jobs"
+msgstr "tasques paral·leles"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1584
+msgid "whether the initial clone should follow the shallow recommendation"
+msgstr "si el clonatge inicial ha de seguir la recomanació de superficialitat"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1585
+msgid "don't print cloning progress"
+msgstr "no imprimeixis el progrés del clonatge"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1592
+msgid "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<camí>] [<camí>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1605
+msgid "bad value for update parameter"
+msgstr "valor incorrecte per al paràmetre update"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1673
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule (%s) branch configured to inherit branch from superproject, but "
+"the superproject is not on any branch"
+msgstr ""
+"La branca de submòdul (%s) està configurada per a heretar la branca del "
+"superprojecte, però el superprojecte no és en cap branca"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1789
+msgid "recurse into submodules"
+msgstr "inclou recursivament als submòduls"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1795
+msgid "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<camí>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1857
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s doesn't support --super-prefix"
+msgstr "%s no admet --super-prefix"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1863
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid submodule--helper subcommand"
+msgstr "«%s» no és una subordre vàlida de submodule--helper"
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:8
-msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] name"
-msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] nom"
+msgid "git symbolic-ref [<options>] <name> [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref [<opcions>] <nom> [<referència>]"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:9
+msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <name>"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <nom>"
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40
 msgid "suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"
@@ -9673,63 +14128,51 @@ msgstr "suprimeix la referència simbòlica"
 msgid "shorten ref output"
 msgstr "escurça la sortida de referències"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:358
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
 msgid "reason"
 msgstr "raó"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:358
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
 msgid "reason of the update"
 msgstr "raó de l'actualització"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:22
+#: builtin/tag.c:24
 msgid ""
-"git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]"
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>] <tagname> "
+"[<head>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git tag [-a|-s|-u <id-de-clau>] [-f] [-m <missatge>|-F <fitxer>] <nom-"
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <id-de-clau>] [-f] [-m <missatge> | -F <fitxer>] <nom-"
 "d'etiqueta> [<cap>]"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:23
+#: builtin/tag.c:25
 msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
 msgstr "git tag -d <nom-d'etiqueta>..."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:24
+#: builtin/tag.c:26
 msgid ""
-"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>] \n"
-"\t\t[<pattern>...]"
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--no-contains <commit>] [--"
+"points-at <object>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<format>] [--[no-]merged [<commit>]] [<pattern>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git tag -l [-n[<nombre>]] [--contains <comissió>] \n"
-"\t\t[--points-at <objecte>] [<patró>...]"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:26
-msgid "git tag -v <tagname>..."
-msgstr "git tag -v <nom-d'etiqueta>..."
+"git tag -l [-n[<nombre>]] [--contains <comissió>] [--no-contains <comissió>] "
+"[--points-at <objecte>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<format>] [--[no-]merged [<comissió>]] [<patró>...]"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:69
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
-msgstr "objecte mal format a '%s'"
+#: builtin/tag.c:28
+msgid "git tag -v [--format=<format>] <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -v [--format=<format>] <nom-d'etiqueta>..."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:301
-#, c-format
-msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
-msgstr "nom d'etiqueta massa llarg: %.*s..."
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:306
+#: builtin/tag.c:86
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' not found."
-msgstr "etiqueta '%s' no trobada."
+msgstr "no s'ha trobat l'etiqueta «%s»."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:321
+#: builtin/tag.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
-msgstr "L'etiqueta '%s' s'ha suprimit (era %s)\n"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:333
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut verificar l'etiqueta '%s'"
+msgstr "S'ha suprimit l'etiqueta «%s» (era %s)\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:343
+#: builtin/tag.c:131
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -9742,7 +14185,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "  %s\n"
 "Les línies que comencin amb '%c' s'ignoraran.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:347
+#: builtin/tag.c:135
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -9754,367 +14197,792 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Escriviu el missatge de l'etiqueta:\n"
 "  %s\n"
-"Les línies que comencin amb '%c' es mantindran; podeu eliminar-les per vós "
+"Les línies que comencin amb '%c' es retindran; podeu eliminar-les per vós "
 "mateix si voleu.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:371
-#, c-format
-msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s'"
-msgstr "especificació d'ordenació '%s' no admesa"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:373
-#, c-format
-msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s' in variable '%s'"
-msgstr "especificació d'ordenació '%s' no admesa en la variable '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:428
+#: builtin/tag.c:189
 msgid "unable to sign the tag"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut de firmar l'etiqueta"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut signar l'etiqueta"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:430
+#: builtin/tag.c:191
 msgid "unable to write tag file"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure el fitxer d'etiqueta"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:455
+#: builtin/tag.c:216
 msgid "bad object type."
-msgstr "tipus d'objecte dolent."
+msgstr "el tipus d'objecte és incorrecte."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:468
-msgid "tag header too big."
-msgstr "capçalera d'etiqueta massa gran."
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:504
+#: builtin/tag.c:265
 msgid "no tag message?"
-msgstr "cap missatge d'etiqueta?"
+msgstr "no hi ha cap missatge d'etiqueta?"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:510
+#: builtin/tag.c:272
 #, c-format
 msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
 msgstr "S'ha deixat el missatge de l'etiqueta en %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:559
-msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
-msgstr "l'opció 'points-at' requereix un objecte"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:561
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
-msgstr "nom d'objecte mal format '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:589
+#: builtin/tag.c:381
 msgid "list tag names"
 msgstr "llista els noms d'etiqueta"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:591
+#: builtin/tag.c:383
 msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
 msgstr "imprimeix <n> línies de cada missatge d'etiqueta"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:593
+#: builtin/tag.c:385
 msgid "delete tags"
 msgstr "suprimeix les etiquetes"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:594
+#: builtin/tag.c:386
 msgid "verify tags"
 msgstr "verifica les etiquetes"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:596
+#: builtin/tag.c:388
 msgid "Tag creation options"
 msgstr "Opcions de creació d'etiquetes"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:598
+#: builtin/tag.c:390
 msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
 msgstr "etiqueta anotada, necessita un missatge"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:600
+#: builtin/tag.c:392
 msgid "tag message"
 msgstr "missatge d'etiqueta"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:602
+#: builtin/tag.c:394
+msgid "force edit of tag message"
+msgstr "força l'edició del missatge de l'etiqueta"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:395
 msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
-msgstr "etiqueta anotada i firmada per GPG"
+msgstr "etiqueta anotada i signada per GPG"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:606
+#: builtin/tag.c:399
 msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
-msgstr "usa una altra clau per a firmar l'etiqueta"
+msgstr "usa una altra clau per a signar l'etiqueta"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:607
+#: builtin/tag.c:400
 msgid "replace the tag if exists"
 msgstr "reemplaça l'etiqueta si existeix"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:608
-msgid "show tag list in columns"
-msgstr "mostra la llista d'etiquetes en columnes"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:610
-msgid "sort tags"
-msgstr "ordena les etiquetes"
+#: builtin/tag.c:401 builtin/update-ref.c:368
+msgid "create a reflog"
+msgstr "crea un registre de referències"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:614
+#: builtin/tag.c:403
 msgid "Tag listing options"
 msgstr "Opcions de llistat d'etiquetes"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:617 builtin/tag.c:623
+#: builtin/tag.c:404
+msgid "show tag list in columns"
+msgstr "mostra la llista d'etiquetes en columnes"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:405 builtin/tag.c:407
 msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
 msgstr "imprimeix només les etiquetes que continguin la comissió"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:629
+#: builtin/tag.c:406 builtin/tag.c:408
+msgid "print only tags that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "imprimeix només les etiquetes que no continguin la comissió"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:409
+msgid "print only tags that are merged"
+msgstr "imprimeix només les etiquetes que s'han fusionat"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:410
+msgid "print only tags that are not merged"
+msgstr "imprimeix només les etiquetes que no s'han fusionat"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:415
 msgid "print only tags of the object"
 msgstr "imprimeix només les etiquetes de l'objecte"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:655
+#: builtin/tag.c:459
 msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column i -n són incompatibles"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:667
-msgid "--sort and -n are incompatible"
-msgstr "--sort i -n són incompatibles"
+#: builtin/tag.c:481
+msgid "-n option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "es permet l'opció -n només amb mode llista"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:483
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "es permet l'opció --contains només amb mode llista"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:674
-msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "es permet l'opció -n només amb -l."
+#: builtin/tag.c:485
+msgid "--no-contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "es permet l'opció --no-contains només amb mode llista"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:676
-msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "es permet l'opció --contains només amb -l."
+#: builtin/tag.c:487
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "es permet --points-at option només amb mode llista"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:678
-msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "es permet --points-at option només amb -l."
+#: builtin/tag.c:489
+msgid "--merged and --no-merged options are only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "es permeten les opcions --merged i --no-merged només amb mode llista"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:686
+#: builtin/tag.c:500
 msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
 msgstr "només es permet una opció -F o -m."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:706
+#: builtin/tag.c:519
 msgid "too many params"
 msgstr "massa paràmetres"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:712
+#: builtin/tag.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
-msgstr "'%s' no és un nom d'etiqueta vàlid."
+msgstr "«%s» no és un nom d'etiqueta vàlid."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:717
+#: builtin/tag.c:530
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
-msgstr "l'etiqueta '%s' ja existeix"
+msgstr "l'etiqueta «%s» ja existeix"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:741
+#: builtin/tag.c:561
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
-msgstr "Etiqueta '%s' actualitzada (era %s)\n"
+msgstr "Etiqueta «%s» actualitzada (era %s)\n"
 
-#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:489
+#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:498
 msgid "Unpacking objects"
-msgstr "Desempaquetant objectes"
+msgstr "S'estan desempaquetant els objectes"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory %s"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en crear el directori %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en fer stat a %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create file %s"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en crear el fitxer %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete file %s"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en suprimir el fitxer %s"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:403
-msgid "git update-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git update-index [opcions] [--] [<fitxer>...]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:113 builtin/update-index.c:219
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete directory %s"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en suprimir el directori %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:138
+#, c-format
+msgid "Testing mtime in '%s' "
+msgstr "S'està provant mtime en «%s» "
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:152
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new file"
+msgstr ""
+"la informació d'stat de directori no canvia després d'afegir un fitxer nou"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:165
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new directory"
+msgstr ""
+"la informació d'stat de directori no canvia després d'afegir un directori nou"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:178
+msgid "directory stat info changes after updating a file"
+msgstr ""
+"la informació d'stat de directori canvia després d'actualitzar un fitxer"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:189
+msgid "directory stat info changes after adding a file inside subdirectory"
+msgstr ""
+"la informació d'stat de directori canvia després d'afegir un fitxer dins "
+"d'un subdirectori"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:200
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a file"
+msgstr ""
+"la informació d'stat de directori no canvia després de suprimir un fitxer"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:213
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a directory"
+msgstr ""
+"la informació d'stat de directori no canvia després de suprimir un directori"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:756
+#: builtin/update-index.c:220
+msgid " OK"
+msgstr " D'acord"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:579
+msgid "git update-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git update-index [<opcions>] [--] [<fitxer>...]"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:936
 msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
 msgstr ""
 "continua l'actualització encara que l'índex necessiti una actualització"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:759
+#: builtin/update-index.c:939
 msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
 msgstr "actualitza: ignora els submòduls"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:762
+#: builtin/update-index.c:942
 msgid "do not ignore new files"
 msgstr "no ignoris els fitxers nous"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:764
+#: builtin/update-index.c:944
 msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
 msgstr "deixa que els fitxers reemplacin els directoris i viceversa"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:766
+#: builtin/update-index.c:946
 msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
 msgstr "tingues en compte els fitxers absents de l'arbre de treball"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:768
+#: builtin/update-index.c:948
 msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
 msgstr "actualitza encara que l'índex contingui entrades no fusionades"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:771
+#: builtin/update-index.c:951
 msgid "refresh stat information"
 msgstr "actualitza la informació d'estadístiques"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:775
+#: builtin/update-index.c:955
 msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
-msgstr "com --refresh, però ignora l'ajust assume-unchanged"
+msgstr "com --refresh, però ignora el paràmetre assume-unchanged"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:779
+#: builtin/update-index.c:959
 msgid "<mode>,<object>,<path>"
 msgstr "<mode>,<objecte>,<camí>"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:780
+#: builtin/update-index.c:960
 msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
 msgstr "afegeix l'entrada especificada a l'índex"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:784
-msgid "(+/-)x"
-msgstr "(+/-)x"
-
-#: builtin/update-index.c:785
-msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
-msgstr "passa per alt el bit executable dels fitxers llistats"
-
-#: builtin/update-index.c:789
+#: builtin/update-index.c:969
 msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
-msgstr "marca els fitxers com a \"not changing\""
+msgstr "marca els fitxers com a \"no canviant\""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:792
+#: builtin/update-index.c:972
 msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
 msgstr "neteja el bit assumed-unchanged"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:795
+#: builtin/update-index.c:975
 msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
-msgstr "marca els fitxers com a \"index-only\""
+msgstr "marca els fitxers com a \"només índex\""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:798
+#: builtin/update-index.c:978
 msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
 msgstr "neteja el bit skip-worktree"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:801
+#: builtin/update-index.c:981
 msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
 msgstr ""
 "només afegeix a l'índex; no afegeixis el contingut a la base de dades "
 "d'objectes"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:803
+#: builtin/update-index.c:983
 msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
 msgstr ""
 "elimina els camins anomenats encara que estiguin presents en l'arbre de "
 "treball"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:805
+#: builtin/update-index.c:985
 msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
 msgstr "amb --stdin: les línies d'entrada acaben amb octets nuls"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:807
+#: builtin/update-index.c:987
 msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
 msgstr "llegeix la llista de camins a actualitzar des de l'entrada estàndard"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:811
+#: builtin/update-index.c:991
 msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
 msgstr "afegeix les entrades de l'entrada estàndard a l'índex"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:815
+#: builtin/update-index.c:995
 msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
-msgstr "reemplena les etapes #2 i #3 per als camins llistats"
+msgstr "reemplena les «stage» #2 i #3 per als camins llistats"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:819
+#: builtin/update-index.c:999
 msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
 msgstr "només actualitza les entrades que difereixin de HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:823
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1003
 msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
 msgstr "ignora els fitxers absents de l'arbre de treball"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:826
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1006
 msgid "report actions to standard output"
 msgstr "informa de les accions en la sortida estàndard"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:828
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1008
 msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
-msgstr "(per porcellanes) oblida't dels conflictes no resolts ni desats"
+msgstr "(per a porcellanes) oblida't dels conflictes no resolts ni desats"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:832
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1012
 msgid "write index in this format"
 msgstr "escriu l'índex en aquest format"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:834
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1014
 msgid "enable or disable split index"
 msgstr "habilita o inhabilita l'índex dividit"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:9
-msgid "git update-ref [options] -d <refname> [<oldval>]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [opcions] -d <nom-de-referència> [<valor-antic>]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1016
+msgid "enable/disable untracked cache"
+msgstr "habilita/inhabilita la memòria cau no seguida"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:10
-msgid "git update-ref [options]    <refname> <newval> [<oldval>]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1018
+msgid "test if the filesystem supports untracked cache"
+msgstr "prova si el sistema de fitxers admet la memòria cau no seguida"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1020
+msgid "enable untracked cache without testing the filesystem"
+msgstr "habilita la memòria cau no seguida sense provar el sistema de fitxers"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1022
+msgid "write out the index even if is not flagged as changed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1024
+msgid "enable or disable file system monitor"
+msgstr "habilita o inhabilita el monitor del sistema de fitxers"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1026
+msgid "mark files as fsmonitor valid"
+msgstr "marca els fitxers com a vàlids pel fsmonitor"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1029
+msgid "clear fsmonitor valid bit"
+msgstr "neteja el bit de validesa del fsmonitor"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1127
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"enable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex està establert a fals; elimineu-lo o canviar-lo, si realment "
+"voleu habilitar l'índex dividit"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1136
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"disable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex està establert a cert; elimineu-lo o canvieu-lo, si realment "
+"voleu inhabilitar l'índex dividit"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1147
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to disable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache està establert a cert; elimineu-lo o canvieu-lo, si "
+"realment voleu inhabilitar el cau no seguit"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1151
+msgid "Untracked cache disabled"
+msgstr "La memòria cau no seguida està inhabilitada"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1159
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to enable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache està establert a fals; elimineu-lo o canviar-lo, si "
+"realment voleu habilitar el cau no seguit"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1163
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked cache enabled for '%s'"
+msgstr "La memòria cau no seguida està habilitada per a «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1171
+msgid "core.fsmonitor is unset; set it if you really want to enable fsmonitor"
+msgstr ""
+"core.fsmonitor està establert a fals; establiu-lo a cert si realment voleu "
+"habilitar fsmonitor"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1175
+msgid "fsmonitor enabled"
+msgstr "fsmonitor habilitat"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1178
+msgid ""
+"core.fsmonitor is set; remove it if you really want to disable fsmonitor"
 msgstr ""
-"git update-ref [opcions]    <nom-de-referència> <valor-nou> [<valor-antic>]"
+"core.fsmonitor està establert a cert; elimineu-lo si realment voleu "
+"inhabilitar fsmonitor"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1182
+msgid "fsmonitor disabled"
+msgstr "fsmonitor inhabilitat"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:10
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] -d <refname> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<opcions>] -d <nom-de-referència> [<valor-antic>]"
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:11
-msgid "git update-ref [options] --stdin [-z]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [opcions] --stdin [-z]"
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>]    <refname> <new-val> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git update-ref [<opcions>]    <nom-de-referència> <valor-nou> [<valor-antic>]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:12
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] --stdin [-z]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<opcions>] --stdin [-z]"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:359
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
 msgid "delete the reference"
 msgstr "suprimeix la referència"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:361
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:365
 msgid "update <refname> not the one it points to"
 msgstr "actualitza <nom de referència>, no la que assenyali"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:362
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:366
 msgid "stdin has NUL-terminated arguments"
 msgstr "stdin té paràmetres acabats amb NUL"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:367
 msgid "read updates from stdin"
-msgstr "llegeix les actualitzacions des d'stdin"
+msgstr "llegeix les actualitzacions des de stdin"
 
-#: builtin/update-server-info.c:6
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:7
 msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
 msgstr "git update-server-info [--force]"
 
-#: builtin/update-server-info.c:14
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:15
 msgid "update the info files from scratch"
 msgstr "actualitza els fitxers d'informació des de zero"
 
-#: builtin/verify-commit.c:17
-msgid "git verify-commit [-v|--verbose] <commit>..."
-msgstr "git verify-commit [-v|--verbose] <comissió>..."
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:18
+msgid "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <comissió>..."
 
-#: builtin/verify-commit.c:75
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:73
 msgid "print commit contents"
 msgstr "imprimeix els continguts de la comissió"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:54
-msgid "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>..."
-msgstr "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <paquet>..."
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:74 builtin/verify-tag.c:38
+msgid "print raw gpg status output"
+msgstr "imprimeix la sortida crua de l'estat gpg"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:64
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:55
+msgid "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <pack>..."
+msgstr "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <paquet>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:65
 msgid "verbose"
 msgstr "detallat"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:66
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:67
 msgid "show statistics only"
 msgstr "mostra només estadístiques"
 
-#: builtin/verify-tag.c:17
-msgid "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>..."
-msgstr "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <etiqueta>..."
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:19
+msgid "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<format>] <tag>..."
+msgstr "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<format>] <etiqueta>..."
 
-#: builtin/verify-tag.c:73
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:37
 msgid "print tag contents"
 msgstr "imprimeix els continguts de l'etiqueta"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:13
+#: builtin/worktree.c:17
+msgid "git worktree add [<options>] <path> [<commit-ish>]"
+msgstr "git worktree add [<opcions>] <camí> [<commit-ish>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:18
+msgid "git worktree list [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree list [<opcions>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:19
+msgid "git worktree lock [<options>] <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree lock [<opcions>] <camí>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:20
+msgid "git worktree move <worktree> <new-path>"
+msgstr "git worktree move <arbre de treball> <camí-nou>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:21
+msgid "git worktree prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree prune [<opcions>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:22
+msgid "git worktree remove [<options>] <worktree>"
+msgstr "git worktree lock [<opcions>] <arbre de treball>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:23
+msgid "git worktree unlock <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree unlock <camí>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: not a valid directory"
+msgstr "Eliminació de worktrees/%s: no és un directori vàlid"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:66
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file does not exist"
+msgstr "Eliminació de worktrees/%s: el fitxer gitdir no existeix"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:71 builtin/worktree.c:80
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: unable to read gitdir file (%s)"
+msgstr "Eliminació de worktrees/%s: no s'ha pogut llegir el fitxer gitdir (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Removing worktrees/%s: short read (expected %<PRIuMAX> bytes, read "
+"%<PRIuMAX>)"
+msgstr ""
+"S'estan suprimint els arbres de treball/%s: lectura curta (s'esperaven "
+"%<PRIuMAX> bytes, llegits %<PRIuMAX>)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: invalid gitdir file"
+msgstr "Eliminació de worktrees/%s: fitxer gitdir no vàlid"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:114
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file points to non-existent location"
+msgstr ""
+"Eliminació de worktrees/%s: el fitxer gitdir es refereix a una ubicació no "
+"existent"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:161
+msgid "report pruned working trees"
+msgstr "informa dels arbres de treball podats"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:163
+msgid "expire working trees older than <time>"
+msgstr "fes caducar els arbres de treball més vells que <hora>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' already exists"
+msgstr "«%s» ja existeix"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:269
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory of '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut crear directori de «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:308
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing %s (identifier %s)"
+msgstr "S'està preparant %s (identificador %s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:385
+msgid "checkout <branch> even if already checked out in other worktree"
+msgstr "agafa <branca> encara que sigui agafada en altre arbre de treball"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:388
+msgid "create a new branch"
+msgstr "crea una branca nova"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:390
+msgid "create or reset a branch"
+msgstr "crea o restableix una branca"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:392
+msgid "populate the new working tree"
+msgstr "emplena l'arbre de treball nou"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:393
+msgid "keep the new working tree locked"
+msgstr "mantén l'arbre de treball nou bloquejat"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:395
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-branch(1))"
+msgstr "configura el mode de seguiment (vegeu git-branch(1))"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:398
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "try to match the new branch name with a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "la branca font «%s» no s'emmagatzema com a branca amb seguiment remot"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:406
+msgid "-b, -B, and --detach are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-b, -B i --detach són mútuament excloents"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:471
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "--[no-]track can only be used if a new branch is created"
+msgstr "--local només es pot usar dins d'un dipòsit git"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:571
+msgid "reason for locking"
+msgstr "raó per bloquejar"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:583 builtin/worktree.c:616 builtin/worktree.c:670
+#: builtin/worktree.c:809
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a working tree"
+msgstr "«%s» no és un arbre de treball"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:585 builtin/worktree.c:618
+msgid "The main working tree cannot be locked or unlocked"
+msgstr "No es pot bloquejar ni desbloquejar l'arbre de treball principal"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:590
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked, reason: %s"
+msgstr "«%s» ja està bloquejat, raó: «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:592
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked"
+msgstr "«%s» ja està bloquejat"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:620
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not locked"
+msgstr "«%s» no està bloquejat"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:645
+msgid "working trees containing submodules cannot be moved or removed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:672 builtin/worktree.c:811
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is a main working tree"
+msgstr "«%s» és un arbre de treball principal"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:677
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not figure out destination name from '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut deduir el nom de destí des de «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "target '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "el destí «%s» ja existeix"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:690
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr "No es poden eliminar els canvis de l'arbre de treball"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:692
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree"
+msgstr "No es pot registrar l'estat de l'arbre de treball"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:695
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot move working tree: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:700
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to move '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en moure «%s» a «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:748
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s'"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure a «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:752
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is dirty, use --force to delete it"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:757
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s', code %d"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut executar 'git status' al submòdul «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:768 builtin/worktree.c:782
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete '%s'"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en executar «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:794
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "force removing even if the worktree is dirty"
+msgstr "força el moviment / canvi de nom encara que el destí existeixi"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:815
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr "No es poden eliminar els canvis de l'arbre de treball"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:817
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree"
+msgstr "No es pot registrar l'estat de l'arbre de treball"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:820
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot remove working tree: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:14
 msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
 msgstr "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:26
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
 msgid "<prefix>/"
 msgstr "<prefix>/"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:28
 msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
 msgstr "escriu l'objecte d'arbre per a un subdirectori <prefix>"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:30
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:31
 msgid "only useful for debugging"
 msgstr "només útil per a la depuració"
 
-#: credential-cache--daemon.c:267
+#: upload-pack.c:27
+msgid "git upload-pack [<options>] <dir>"
+msgstr "git upload-pack [<opcions>] <directori>"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:1070
+msgid "quit after a single request/response exchange"
+msgstr "surt després d'un sol intercanvi de sol·licitud/resposta"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:1072
+msgid "exit immediately after initial ref advertisement"
+msgstr "surt immediatament després de l'anunci inicial de referència"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:1074
+msgid "do not try <directory>/.git/ if <directory> is no Git directory"
+msgstr ""
+"no intentis <directori>/.git/ si <directori> no és cap directori del Git"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:1076
+msgid "interrupt transfer after <n> seconds of inactivity"
+msgstr "interromp la transferència després de <n> segons d'inactivitat"
+
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The permissions on your socket directory are too loose; other\n"
+"users may be able to read your cached credentials. Consider running:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Els permisos en el vostre directori de sòcol són massa liberals;\n"
+"pot ser que altres usuaris poden llegir les vostres credencials.\n"
+"Considereu executar:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
+
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:271
 msgid "print debugging messages to stderr"
 msgstr "imprimeix els missatges de depuració a stderr"
 
-#: git.c:14
+#: git.c:8
+msgid ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]\n"
+"           <command> [<args>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git.c:15
 msgid ""
 "'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some\n"
 "concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
@@ -10122,434 +14990,362 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "'git help -a' i 'git help -g' llisten subordres disponibles i\n"
 "algunes guies de concepte. Vegeu 'git help <ordre>' o\n"
-"'git help <concepte>' per a llegir sobre una subordre o concepte\n"
-"específic."
+"'git help <concepte>' per a llegir sobre una subordre o concepte específic."
+
+#: git.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --git-dir\n"
+msgstr "no s'ha especificat un directori per --git-dir\n"
+
+#: git.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid "no namespace given for --namespace\n"
+msgstr "no s'ha especificat un nom d'espai per --namespace\n"
+
+#: git.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --work-tree\n"
+msgstr "no s'ha especificat un directori per --work-tree\n"
+
+#: git.c:137
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "no prefix given for --super-prefix\n"
+msgstr "%s no admet --super-prefix"
+
+#: git.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "-c expects a configuration string\n"
+msgstr "-c espera una cadena de configuració\n"
+
+#: git.c:197
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for -C\n"
+msgstr "no s'ha especificat un directori per -C\n"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:8
+#: git.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option: %s\n"
+msgstr "opció desconeguda: %s\n"
+
+#: git.c:687
+#, c-format
+msgid "expansion of alias '%s' failed; '%s' is not a git command\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git.c:699
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "failed to run command '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en obrir «%s»: %s"
+
+#: http.c:342
+#, c-format
+msgid "negative value for http.postbuffer; defaulting to %d"
+msgstr "valor negatiu per http.postbuffer; utilitzant el valor %d"
+
+#: http.c:363
+msgid "Delegation control is not supported with cURL < 7.22.0"
+msgstr "No s'admet el control de delegació amb el cURL < 7.22.0"
+
+#: http.c:372
+msgid "Public key pinning not supported with cURL < 7.44.0"
+msgstr "No s'admet l'enganx de clau pública amb cURL < 7.44.0"
+
+#: http.c:1857
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unable to update url base from redirection:\n"
+"  asked for: %s\n"
+"   redirect: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"no s'ha pogut actualitzar l'URL base des de la redirecció:\n"
+"  petició: %s\n"
+"   redirecció: %s"
+
+#: remote-curl.c:345
+#, c-format
+msgid "redirecting to %s"
+msgstr "s'està redirigint a %s"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:59
+msgid "args"
+msgstr "args"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:60
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "object filtering"
+msgstr "tipus d'objecte"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:9
+msgid "start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)"
+msgstr "començar una àrea de treball (vegeu també: git help tutorial)"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:10
+msgid "work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)"
+msgstr "treballar en el canvi actual (vegeu també: git help everyday)"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:11
+msgid "examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)"
+msgstr "examinar la història i l'estat (vegeu també: git help revisions)"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:12
+msgid "grow, mark and tweak your common history"
+msgstr "fer créixer, marcar i ajustar la vostra història comuna"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:13
+msgid "collaborate (see also: git help workflows)"
+msgstr "col·laborar (vegeu també: git help workflow)"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:17
 msgid "Add file contents to the index"
 msgstr "Afegeix els continguts dels fitxers a l'índex"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:9
-msgid "Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug"
+#: common-cmds.h:18
+msgid "Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug"
 msgstr "Troba per cerca binària el canvi que hagi introduït un defecte"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:10
+#: common-cmds.h:19
 msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
 msgstr "Llista, crea o suprimeix branques"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:11
-msgid "Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree"
-msgstr "Agafa una branca o uns camins a l'arbre de treball"
+#: common-cmds.h:20
+msgid "Switch branches or restore working tree files"
+msgstr "Canvia de branca o restaura els fitxers de l'arbre de treball"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:12
+#: common-cmds.h:21
 msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
 msgstr "Clona un dipòsit a un directori nou"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:13
+#: common-cmds.h:22
 msgid "Record changes to the repository"
 msgstr "Registra els canvis al dipòsit"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:14
+#: common-cmds.h:23
 msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
 msgstr ""
 "Mostra els canvis entre comissions, la comissió i l'arbre de treball, etc."
 
-#: common-cmds.h:15
+#: common-cmds.h:24
 msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
 msgstr "Baixa objectes i referències d'un altre dipòsit"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:16
+#: common-cmds.h:25
 msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
 msgstr "Imprimeix les línies coincidents amb un patró"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:17
+#: common-cmds.h:26
 msgid "Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
 msgstr "Crea un dipòsit de Git buit o reinicialitza un existent"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:18
+#: common-cmds.h:27
 msgid "Show commit logs"
 msgstr "Mostra els registres de comissió"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:19
+#: common-cmds.h:28
 msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
 msgstr "Uneix dues o més històries de desenvolupament"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:20
+#: common-cmds.h:29
 msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
-msgstr "Mou o canvia de nom un fitxer, directori o enllaç simbòlic"
+msgstr "Mou o canvia de nom a un fitxer, directori o enllaç simbòlic"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:21
+#: common-cmds.h:30
 msgid "Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch"
-msgstr "Obtén de i integra amb un altre dipòsit o una branca local"
+msgstr "Obtén i integra amb un altre dipòsit o una branca local"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:22
+#: common-cmds.h:31
 msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
 msgstr ""
 "Actualitza les referències remotes juntament amb els objectes associats"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:23
-msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
-msgstr "Avança les comissions locals al cap font actualitzat"
+#: common-cmds.h:32
+msgid "Reapply commits on top of another base tip"
+msgstr "Reaplica les comissions sobre un altre punt de basament"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:24
+#: common-cmds.h:33
 msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
-msgstr "Restableix el HEAD actual a l'estat especificat"
+msgstr "Restableix la HEAD actual a l'estat especificat"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:25
+#: common-cmds.h:34
 msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
 msgstr "Elimina fitxers de l'arbre de treball i de l'índex"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:26
+#: common-cmds.h:35
 msgid "Show various types of objects"
 msgstr "Mostra diversos tipus d'objectes"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:27
+#: common-cmds.h:36
 msgid "Show the working tree status"
 msgstr "Mostra l'estat de l'arbre de treball"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:28
+#: common-cmds.h:37
 msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
 msgstr ""
-"Crea, llista, suprimeix o verifica un objecte d'etiqueta firmat amb GPG"
+"Crea, llista, suprimeix o verifica un objecte d'etiqueta signat amb GPG"
 
-#: parse-options.h:143
+#: parse-options.h:157
 msgid "expiry-date"
 msgstr "data-de-caducitat"
 
-#: parse-options.h:158
+#: parse-options.h:172
 msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
 msgstr "operació nul·la (per a compatibilitat amb versions anteriors)"
 
-#: parse-options.h:232
+#: parse-options.h:250
 msgid "be more verbose"
 msgstr "sigues més detallat"
 
-#: parse-options.h:234
+#: parse-options.h:252
 msgid "be more quiet"
 msgstr "sigues més callat"
 
-#: parse-options.h:240
+#: parse-options.h:258
 msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
 msgstr "usa <n> xifres per presentar els SHA-1"
 
-#: rerere.h:27
+#: rerere.h:40
 msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
 msgstr ""
 "actualitza l'índex amb la resolució de conflicte reusada si és possible"
 
-#: git-am.sh:53
-msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
-msgstr "Cal establir la vostra informació de comitent primer"
-
-#: git-am.sh:98
-msgid ""
-"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
-"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
-msgstr ""
-"Sembla que heu mogut HEAD després de l'última fallada de 'am'.\n"
-"No rebobinant a ORIG_HEAD"
-
-#: git-am.sh:108
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"When you have resolved this problem, run \"$cmdline --continue\".\n"
-"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"$cmdline --skip\" instead.\n"
-"To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
-msgstr ""
-"Quan hàgiu resolt aquest problema, executeu \"$cmdline --continue\".\n"
-"Si preferiu ometre aquest pedaç, executeu \"$cmdline --skip\" en lloc "
-"d'això.\n"
-"Per a restaurar la branca original i deixar d'apedaçar, executeu \"$cmdline "
-"--abort\"."
-
-#: git-am.sh:124
-msgid "Cannot fall back to three-way merge."
-msgstr "No es pot retrocedir a una fusió de 3 vies."
-
-#: git-am.sh:140
-msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
-msgstr ""
-"Al dipòsit li manquen els blobs necessaris per a retrocedir a una fusió de 3 "
-"vies."
-
-#: git-am.sh:142
-msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
-msgstr "Usant la informació d'índex per a reconstruir un arbre base..."
-
-#: git-am.sh:157
-msgid ""
-"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
-"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
-msgstr ""
-"Heu editat el vostre pedaç a mà?\n"
-"No s'aplica als blobs recordats en el seu índex."
-
-#: git-am.sh:166
-msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
-msgstr "Retrocedint a apedaçar la base i fusionar de 3 vies..."
-
-#: git-am.sh:182
-msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en fusionar els canvis."
-
-#: git-am.sh:277
-msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
-msgstr "només una sèrie de pedaços StGIT es pot aplicar a la vegada"
-
-#: git-am.sh:364
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
-msgstr "El format de pedaç $patch_format no és compatible."
-
-#: git-am.sh:366
-msgid "Patch format detection failed."
-msgstr "La detecció de format de pedaç ha fallat."
-
-#: git-am.sh:398
-msgid ""
-"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
-"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
-msgstr ""
-"Fa molt que l'opció -b/--binary no ha fet res, i\n"
-"s'eliminarà. Si us plau, no l'useu més."
-
-#: git-am.sh:496
-#, sh-format
-msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
-msgstr ""
-"un directori de rebase anterior $dotest encara existeix però s'ha donat una "
-"bústia."
-
-#: git-am.sh:501
-msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
-msgstr "Si us plau, preneu una decisió. --skip o --abort?"
-
-#: git-am.sh:537
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Stray $dotest directory found.\n"
-"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
-msgstr ""
-"Directori $dotest extraviat trobat.\n"
-"Useu \"git am --abort\" per a eliminar-lo."
-
-#: git-am.sh:545
-msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
-msgstr "Operació de resolució no en curs; no reprenem."
-
-#: git-am.sh:612
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
-msgstr "�ndex brut: no es pot aplicar pedaços (bruts: $files)"
-
-#: git-am.sh:722
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?\n"
-"If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
-"To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
-msgstr ""
-"El pedaç és buit. S'ha dividit malament?\n"
-"Si preferiu ometre aquest pedaç, executeu en lloc d'això \"$cmdline --skip"
-"\".\n"
-"Per a restaurar la branca original i deixar d'empaquetar, executeu "
-"\"$cmdline --abort\"."
-
-#: git-am.sh:749
-msgid "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
-msgstr "El pedaç no té cap adreça de correu electrònic vàlida."
-
-#: git-am.sh:796
-msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
-msgstr ""
-"no es pot ser interactiu sense que stdin sigui connectat a un terminal."
-
-#: git-am.sh:800
-msgid "Commit Body is:"
-msgstr "El cos de la comissió és:"
-
-#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
-#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
-#. input at this point.
-#: git-am.sh:807
-msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
-msgstr "Aplica? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dita/[v]isualitza el pedaç/[a]ccepta'ls tots "
-
-#: git-am.sh:843
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
-msgstr "Aplicant: $FIRSTLINE"
-
-#: git-am.sh:864
-msgid ""
-"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
-"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
-"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
-msgstr ""
-"Cap canvi - heu oblidat usar 'git add'?\n"
-"Si no hi ha res a allistar, probablement alguna altra cosa\n"
-"ja ha introduït els mateixos canvis; potser voleu ometre aquest pedaç."
-
-#: git-am.sh:872
-msgid ""
-"You still have unmerged paths in your index\n"
-"did you forget to use 'git add'?"
-msgstr ""
-"Encara teniu camins sense fusionar en el vostre índex\n"
-"heu oblidat d'usar 'git add'?"
-
-#: git-am.sh:888
-msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
-msgstr "Sense canvis -- El pedaç ja s'ha aplicat."
-
-#: git-am.sh:898
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
-msgstr "El pedaç ha fallat a $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
-
-#: git-am.sh:901
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"The copy of the patch that failed is found in:\n"
-"   $dotest/patch"
-msgstr ""
-"La còpia del pedaç que ha fallat es troba en:\n"
-"   $dotest/patch"
-
-#: git-am.sh:919
-msgid "applying to an empty history"
-msgstr "aplicant a una història buida"
-
-#: git-bisect.sh:48
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
 msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
 msgstr "Cal començar per \"git bisect start\""
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:54
+#: git-bisect.sh:60
 msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
-msgstr "Voleu que ho faci per vós [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "Voleu que ho faci per vostè [Y/n]? "
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#: git-bisect.sh:121
 #, sh-format
 msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
 msgstr "opció no reconeguda: '$arg'"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#: git-bisect.sh:125
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
 msgstr "'$arg' no sembla una revisió vàlida"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:117
+#: git-bisect.sh:154
 msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
-msgstr "HEAD dolent - Cal un HEAD"
+msgstr "HEAD incorrecte - Cal un HEAD"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#: git-bisect.sh:167
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <valid-branch>'."
 msgstr ""
 "L'agafament de '$start_head' ha fallat. Proveu 'git bisect reset <branca-"
 "vàlida>'."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:140
+#: git-bisect.sh:177
 msgid "won't bisect on cg-seek'ed tree"
-msgstr "no es bisecarà en un arbre en que s'ha fet cg-seek"
+msgstr "no es bisecarà en un arbre en el qual s'ha fet cg-seek"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:144
+#: git-bisect.sh:181
 msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
-msgstr "HEAD dolent - referència simbòlica estranya"
+msgstr "HEAD incorrecte - referència simbòlica estranya"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#: git-bisect.sh:233
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
-msgstr "Paràmetre bisect_write dolent: $state"
+msgstr "Paràmetre bisect_write incorrecte: $state"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#: git-bisect.sh:246
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
-msgstr "Introducció de revisió dolenta: $arg"
+msgstr "Introducció de revisió errònia: $arg"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:232
-msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
-msgstr "Si us plau, invoqueu 'bisect_state' amb almenys un paràmetre."
+#: git-bisect.sh:265
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $bisected_head"
+msgstr "Entrada de revisió errònia: $bisected_head"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#: git-bisect.sh:274
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
-msgstr "Introducció de revisió dolenta: $rev"
+msgstr "Introducció de revisió errònia: $rev"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:253
-msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
-msgstr "'git bisect bad' pot acceptar només un paràmetre."
+#: git-bisect.sh:283
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' can take only one argument."
+msgstr "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' pot acceptar només un paràmetre."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:276
-msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a bad commit."
-msgstr "Avís: bisecant amb només comissió dolenta."
+#: git-bisect.sh:306
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a $TERM_BAD commit."
+msgstr "Advertència: bisecant amb només comissió $TERM_BAD."
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:282
+#: git-bisect.sh:312
 msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
 msgstr "N'esteu segur [Y/n]? "
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:292
+#: git-bisect.sh:324
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"You need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.\n"
-"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+"You need to give me at least one $bad_syn and one $good_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
-"Cal donar-me almenys una revisió bona i una dolenta.\n"
-"(Podeu usar \"git bisect bad\" i \"git bisect good\" per això.)"
+"Cal donar-me almenys una revisió $bad_syn i una $good_syn.\n"
+"(Podeu usar \"git bisect $bad_syn\" i \"git bisect $good_syn\" per això.)"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:295
+#: git-bisect.sh:327
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
-"You then need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.\n"
-"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+"You then need to give me at least one $good_syn and one $bad_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
 "Cal començar amb \"git bisect start\".\n"
-"Després cal donar-me almenys una revisió bona i una dolenta.\n"
-"(Podeu usar \"git bisect bad\" i \"git bisect good\" per això.)"
+"Després cal donar-me almenys una revisió $good_syn i una $bad_syn.\n"
+"(Podeu usar \"git bisect $bad_syn\" i \"git bisect $good_syn\" per això.)"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:366 git-bisect.sh:493
+#: git-bisect.sh:398 git-bisect.sh:512
 msgid "We are not bisecting."
 msgstr "No estem bisecant."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:373
+#: git-bisect.sh:405
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
 msgstr "'$invalid' no és una comissió vàlida"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:382
+#: git-bisect.sh:414
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
 "Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
 msgstr ""
-"No s'ha pogut agafar el HEAD original '$branch'.\n"
+"No s'ha pogut agafar la HEAD original '$branch'.\n"
 "Proveu 'git bisect reset <comissió>'."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:409
+#: git-bisect.sh:422
 msgid "No logfile given"
 msgstr "Cap fitxer de registre donat"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:410
+#: git-bisect.sh:423
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
 msgstr "no es pot llegir $file per a reproducció"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#: git-bisect.sh:444
 msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
 msgstr "?? de què parleu?"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:439
+#: git-bisect.sh:453
+msgid "bisect run failed: no command provided."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:458
 #, sh-format
 msgid "running $command"
-msgstr "executant $command"
+msgstr "s'està executant $command"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:446
+#: git-bisect.sh:465
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
@@ -10558,125 +15354,134 @@ msgstr ""
 "el pas de bisecció ha fallat:\n"
 "el codi de sortida $res de '$command' és < 0 o >= 128"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:472
+#: git-bisect.sh:491
 msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
 msgstr "el pas de bisecció no pot continuar més"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:478
+#: git-bisect.sh:497
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
 "'bisect_state $state' exited with error code $res"
 msgstr ""
 "el pas de bisecció ha fallat:\n"
-"'bisect_state $state' ha surt amb el codi d'error $res"
+"'bisect_state $state' ha sortit amb el codi d'error $res"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:485
+#: git-bisect.sh:504
 msgid "bisect run success"
 msgstr "pas de bisecció reeixit"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:21
-msgid ""
-"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
-"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
-"as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
+#: git-bisect.sh:533
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Invalid command: you're currently in a $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD bisect."
 msgstr ""
-"Baixar no és possible perquè teniu fitxers sense fusionar.\n"
-"Si us plau, arregleu-los en l'arbre de treball, i després useu\n"
-"'git add/rm <fitxer>' segons sigui apropiat per a marcar resolució i\n"
-"feu una comissió."
+"Ordre no vàlida: actualment esteu en una bisecció $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:25
-msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
-msgstr "Baixar no és possible perquè teniu fitxers sense fusionar."
+#: git-bisect.sh:567
+msgid "no terms defined"
+msgstr "cap terme definit"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:31
+#: git-bisect.sh:584
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
-"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+"invalid argument $arg for 'git bisect terms'.\n"
+"Supported options are: --term-good|--term-old and --term-bad|--term-new."
 msgstr ""
-"No heu completat la vostra fusió (MERGE_HEAD existeix).\n"
-"Si us plau, cometeu els vostres canvis abans de fusionar."
+"paràmetre no vàlid $arg per a 'git bisect terms'.\n"
+"Les opcions admeses són: --term-good|--term-old i --term-bad|--term-new."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:245
-msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
-msgstr "actualitzant una branca no nascuda amb canvis afegits a l'índex"
-
-#: git-pull.sh:269
-#, sh-format
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:46
 msgid ""
-"Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
-"Warning: fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
-"Warning: commit $orig_head."
+"Error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by "
+"merge"
 msgstr ""
-"Avís: l'obteniment ha actualitzat el cap de la branca actual.\n"
-"Avís: avançant ràpidament el vostre arbre de treball des de\n"
-"Avís: la comissió $orig_head."
+"Error: Els vostres canvis locals als fitxers següents se sobreescriurien per "
+"fusionar"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:294
-msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
-msgstr "No es pot fusionar múltiples branques a un cap buit"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:61
+msgid "Automated merge did not work."
+msgstr "La fusió automàtica no ha funcionat."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:298
-msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
-msgstr "No es pot rebasar sobre múltiples branques"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:62
+msgid "Should not be doing an octopus."
+msgstr "No s'ha de fer un pop."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:57
-msgid ""
-"When you have resolved this problem, run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
-"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"git rebase --skip\" instead.\n"
-"To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run \"git rebase --abort"
-"\"."
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:73
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find common commit with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut trobar cap comissió en comú amb $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:77
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Already up to date with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Ja està al dia amb $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding to: $pretty_name"
+msgstr "S'està avançant ràpidament a: $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:97
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Trying simple merge with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "S'està intentant una fusió simple amb $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:102
+msgid "Simple merge did not work, trying automatic merge."
 msgstr ""
-"Quan hàgiu resolt aquest problema, executeu \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
-"Si preferiu saltar aquest pedaç, executeu \"git rebase --skip\" en lloc.\n"
-"Per a agafar la branca original i deixar de rebasar, executeu \"git rebase --"
+"La fusió simple no ha funcionat, s'està intentant una fusió automàtica."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:60
+msgid ""
+"Resolve all conflicts manually, mark them as resolved with\n"
+"\"git add/rm <conflicted_files>\", then run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"You can instead skip this commit: run \"git rebase --skip\".\n"
+"To abort and get back to the state before \"git rebase\", run \"git rebase --"
 "abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Resolgueu tots els conflictes manualment, marqueu-los com a resolts amb\n"
+"«git add/rm <fitxers amb conflicte>», llavors executeu «git rebase --"
+"continue».\n"
+"Podeu en comptes ometre aquesta comissió: executeu «git rebase --skip».\n"
+"Per a avortar i tornar a l'estat anterior abans de l'ordre «git rebase», "
+"executeu «git rebase --abort»."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:163 git-rebase.sh:409
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut tornar a $head_name"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:165
+#: git-rebase.sh:174
 msgid "Applied autostash."
 msgstr "S'ha aplicat el magatzem automàtic."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:168
+#: git-rebase.sh:177
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Cannot store $stash_sha1"
 msgstr "No es pot emmagatzemar $stash_sha1"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:169
-msgid ""
-"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
-"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
-"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"L'aplicació del magatzem automàtic ha resultat en conflictes.\n"
-"Els vostres canvis estan segurs en el magatzem.\n"
-"Podeu executar \"git stash pop\" o \"git stash drop\" en qualsevol moment.\n"
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:208
+#: git-rebase.sh:218
 msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
-msgstr "El ganxo prerebase ha refusat rebasar."
+msgstr "El lligam pre-«rebase» ha refusat a fer «rebase»."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:213
-msgid "It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase."
-msgstr "Sembla que git-am està en curs. No es pot rebasar."
+#: git-rebase.sh:223
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "It looks like 'git am' is in progress. Cannot rebase."
+msgstr "Sembla que git-am està en curs. No es pot fer «rebase»."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:351
-msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
-msgstr "L'opció --exec s'ha d'usar amb l'opció --interactive"
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:356
+#: git-rebase.sh:370
 msgid "No rebase in progress?"
-msgstr "No hi ha rebase en curs?"
+msgstr "No hi ha un «rebase» en curs?"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:367
+#: git-rebase.sh:381
 msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
-msgstr "L'acció --edit-todo només es pot usar durant una rebase interactiva."
+msgstr "L'acció --edit-todo només es pot usar durant un «rebase» interactiu."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:374
+#: git-rebase.sh:388
 msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
 msgstr "No es pot llegir HEAD"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:377
+#: git-rebase.sh:391
 msgid ""
 "You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
 "mark them as resolved using git add"
@@ -10684,12 +15489,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Heu d'editar tots els conflictes de fusió i després\n"
 "marcar-los com a resolts fent servir git add"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:395
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut tornar a $head_name"
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:414
+#: git-rebase.sh:435
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
@@ -10702,249 +15502,255 @@ msgid ""
 "valuable there."
 msgstr ""
 "Sembla que ja hi ha un directori $state_dir_base, i\n"
-"em pregunto si esteu enmig d'una altra rebase. Si aquest és el\n"
-"cas, si us plau, proveu\n"
+"em pregunto si esteu enmig d'un altre «rebase». Si aquest és el\n"
+"cas, proveu\n"
 "\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
-"Si no és el cas, si us plau,\n"
+"Si no és el cas, \n"
 "\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
 "i executeu-me de nou. M'aturo per si encara hi teniu alguna cosa\n"
 "de valor."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:465
-#, sh-format
-msgid "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
+#: git-rebase.sh:491
+#, fuzzy, sh-format
+msgid "invalid upstream '$upstream_name'"
 msgstr "font no vàlida $upstream_name"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:489
+#: git-rebase.sh:515
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
 msgstr "$onto_name: ja hi ha més d'una base de fusió"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:492 git-rebase.sh:496
+#: git-rebase.sh:518 git-rebase.sh:522
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
 msgstr "$onto_name: no hi ha cap base de fusió"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:501
+#: git-rebase.sh:527
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
 msgstr "No assenyala una comissió vàlida: $onto_name"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:524
-#, sh-format
-msgid "fatal: no such branch: $branch_name"
+#: git-rebase.sh:553
+#, fuzzy, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: no such branch/commit '$branch_name'"
 msgstr "fatal: no hi ha tal branca: $branch_name"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:557
+#: git-rebase.sh:586
 msgid "Cannot autostash"
 msgstr "No es pot emmagatzemar automàticament"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:562
+#: git-rebase.sh:591
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Created autostash: $stash_abbrev"
 msgstr "S'ha creat un magatzem automàtic: $stash_abbrev"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:566
+#: git-rebase.sh:595
 msgid "Please commit or stash them."
-msgstr "Si us plau, cometeu-los o emmagatzemeu-los."
+msgstr "Cometeu-los o emmagatzemeu-los."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:586
+#: git-rebase.sh:618
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date."
+msgstr "HEAD està al dia."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:620
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
 msgstr "La branca actual $branch_name està al dia."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:590
+#: git-rebase.sh:628
+#, fuzzy, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr "La branca actual $branch_name està al dia; «rebase» forçat."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:630
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
-msgstr "La branca actual $branch_name està al dia; rebase forçada."
+msgstr "La branca actual $branch_name està al dia; «rebase» forçat."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:601
+#: git-rebase.sh:642
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
 msgstr "Canvis de $mb a $onto:"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:610
+#: git-rebase.sh:651
 msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
 msgstr ""
-"Primer, rebobinant el cap per a reproduir el vostre treball al damunt..."
+"Primer, s'està rebobinant HEAD per a reproduir el vostre treball al damunt..."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:620
+#: git-rebase.sh:661
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
-msgstr "S'ha avançat $branch_name ràpidament a $onto_name"
+msgstr "S'ha avançat $branch_name ràpidament a $onto_name."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:51
+#: git-stash.sh:61
 msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
 msgstr "git stash clear amb paràmetres no està implementat"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:74
+#: git-stash.sh:108
 msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
 msgstr "Encara no teniu la comissió inicial"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:89
+#: git-stash.sh:123
 msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
 msgstr "No es pot desar l'estat d'índex actual"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:124 git-stash.sh:137
+#: git-stash.sh:138
+msgid "Cannot save the untracked files"
+msgstr "No es poden desar els fitxers no seguits"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:158 git-stash.sh:171
 msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
 msgstr "No es pot desar l'estat d'arbre de treball actual"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:141
+#: git-stash.sh:175
 msgid "No changes selected"
 msgstr "No hi ha canvis seleccionats"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:144
+#: git-stash.sh:178
 msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
 msgstr "No es pot eliminar l'índex temporal (això no pot passar)"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:157
+#: git-stash.sh:191
 msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
 msgstr "No es pot registrar l'estat de l'arbre de treball"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:191
+#: git-stash.sh:229
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Cannot update $ref_stash with $w_commit"
 msgstr "No es pot actualitzar $ref_stash amb $w_commit"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: $option is an invalid option, like
-#. `--blah-blah'. The 7 spaces at the beginning of the
-#. second line correspond to "error: ". So you should line
-#. up the second line with however many characters the
-#. translation of "error: " takes in your language. E.g. in
-#. English this is:
-#.
-#. $ git stash save --blah-blah 2>&1 | head -n 2
-#. error: unknown option for 'stash save': --blah-blah
-#. To provide a message, use git stash save -- '--blah-blah'
-#: git-stash.sh:238
+#: git-stash.sh:281
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
-"       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
+msgid "error: unknown option for 'stash push': $option"
 msgstr ""
-"error: opció desconeguda de 'stash save': $option\n"
-"       Per a proveir un missatge, useu git stash save -- '$option'"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:259
+#: git-stash.sh:295
+msgid "Can't use --patch and --include-untracked or --all at the same time"
+msgstr "No es poden usar --patch i --include-untracked o --all a la vegada."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:303
 msgid "No local changes to save"
 msgstr "No hi ha canvis locals a desar"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:263
+#: git-stash.sh:308
 msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
 msgstr "No es pot inicialitzar el magatzem"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:267
+#: git-stash.sh:312
 msgid "Cannot save the current status"
 msgstr "No es pot desar l'estat actual"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:285
+#: git-stash.sh:313
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Saved working directory and index state $stash_msg"
+msgstr "S'han desat el directori de treball i l'estat d'índex $stash_msg"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:340
 msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
-msgstr "No es poden elminiar els canvis de l'arbre de treball"
+msgstr "No es poden eliminar els canvis de l'arbre de treball"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:384
-msgid "No stash found."
-msgstr "Cap magatzem trobat."
+#: git-stash.sh:488
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unknown option: $opt"
+msgstr "opció desconeguda: $opt"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:391
+#: git-stash.sh:501
+msgid "No stash entries found."
+msgstr "No s'ha trobat cap «stash»."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:508
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
-msgstr "Massa revisions especificades: $REV"
+msgstr "S'han especificat massa revisions: $REV"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:397
+#: git-stash.sh:523
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$reference is not a valid reference"
 msgstr "$reference no és una referència vàlida"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:425
+#: git-stash.sh:551
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
 msgstr "'$args' no és una comissió de tipus magatzem"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:436
+#: git-stash.sh:562
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
 msgstr "'$args' no és una referència de magatzem"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:444
+#: git-stash.sh:570
 msgid "unable to refresh index"
 msgstr "no s'ha pogut actualitzar l'índex"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:448
+#: git-stash.sh:574
 msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
 msgstr "No es pot aplicar un magatzem enmig d'una fusió"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:456
+#: git-stash.sh:582
 msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
 msgstr "Hi ha conflictes en l'índex. Proveu-ho sense --index."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:458
+#: git-stash.sh:584
 msgid "Could not save index tree"
 msgstr "No s'ha pogut desar l'arbre d'índex"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:492
+#: git-stash.sh:593
+msgid "Could not restore untracked files from stash entry"
+msgstr "No s'han pogut restaurar els fitxers no seguits des del «stash»"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:618
 msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
-msgstr "No es pot desallistar fitxers modificats"
+msgstr "No es pot fer «unstage» dels fitxers modificats"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:507
+#: git-stash.sh:633
 msgid "Index was not unstashed."
 msgstr "L'índex no estava sense emmagatzemar."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:530
+#: git-stash.sh:647
+msgid "The stash entry is kept in case you need it again."
+msgstr "Es conserva l'entrada «stash» en cas que la necessiteu altra vegada."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:656
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
 msgstr "${REV} ($s) descartada"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:531
+#: git-stash.sh:657
 #, sh-format
 msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
 msgstr "${REV}: No s'ha pogut descartar l'entrada de magatzem"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:539
+#: git-stash.sh:665
 msgid "No branch name specified"
 msgstr "Cap nom de branca especificat"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:611
+#: git-stash.sh:744
 msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
 msgstr "(Per restaurar-les teclegeu \"git stash apply\")"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:95
-#, sh-format
-msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
-msgstr "no es pot despullar un component de l'url '$remoteurl'"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:237
-#, sh-format
-msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr ""
-"No s'ha trobat cap mapatge de submòdul a .gitmodules per al camí '$sm_path'"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:287
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
-msgstr "El clonatge de '$url' al camí de submòdul '$sm_path' ha fallat"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:296
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
-msgstr "El directori de git '$a' és part del camí de submòdul '$b' o viceversa"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:406
+#: git-submodule.sh:181
 msgid "Relative path can only be used from the toplevel of the working tree"
 msgstr ""
 "El camí relatiu només es pot usar des del nivell superior de l'arbre de "
 "treball"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:416
+#: git-submodule.sh:191
 #, sh-format
 msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
 msgstr "URL de dipòsit: '$repo' ha de ser absolut o començar amb ./|../"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:433
+#: git-submodule.sh:210
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
 msgstr "'$sm_path' ja existeix en l'índex"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:437
+#: git-submodule.sh:213
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index and is not a submodule"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' ja existeix en l'índex i no és submòdul"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:219
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
@@ -10955,253 +15761,1483 @@ msgstr ""
 "$sm_path\n"
 "Useu -f si realment voleu afegir-lo."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:455
+#: git-submodule.sh:237
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
-msgstr "Afegint el dipòsit existent a '$sm_path' a l'índex"
+msgstr "S'està afegint el dipòsit existent a '$sm_path' a l'índex"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:457
+#: git-submodule.sh:239
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
 msgstr "'$sm_path' ja existeix i no és un dipòsit de git vàlid"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:465
+#: git-submodule.sh:247
 #, sh-format
 msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
 msgstr ""
 "Es troba un directori de git per a '$sm_name' localment amb els remots:"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:467
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from"
-msgstr ""
-"Si voleu tornar a usar aquest directori de git local en lloc de clonar de "
-"nou des de"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:469
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo"
-msgstr ""
-"useu l'opció '--force'. Si el directori de git local no és el dipòsit "
-"correcte"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:470
+#: git-submodule.sh:249
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
+"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct "
+"repo\n"
 "or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
 "option."
 msgstr ""
-"o esteu insegur de què vol dir això, trieu un altre nom amb l'opció '--name'."
+"Si voleu reusar aquest directori de git local en lloc de clonar de nou de\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"useu l'opció '--force'. Si el directori de git local no és el dipòsit "
+"correcte\n"
+"o no esteu segur de què vol dir això, trieu un altre nom amb l'opció '--"
+"name'."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:472
+#: git-submodule.sh:255
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
-msgstr "Reactivant el directori de git local per al submòdul '$sm_name'."
+msgstr ""
+"S'està reactivant el directori de git local per al submòdul '$sm_name'."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:484
+#: git-submodule.sh:267
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut agafar el submòdul '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut agafar el submòdul '$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:489
+#: git-submodule.sh:272
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en afegir el submòdul '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en afegir el submòdul '$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:498
+#: git-submodule.sh:281
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en registrar el submòdul '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en registrar el submòdul '$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:542
+#: git-submodule.sh:342
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Entering '$prefix$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Entrant a '$prefix$displaypath'"
+msgid "Entering '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "S'està entrant '$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:562
+#: git-submodule.sh:362
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Stopping at '$prefix$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgid "Stopping at '$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
 msgstr ""
-"Aturant a '$prefix$displaypath'; l'script ha retornat un estat no zero."
+"S'està aturant a '$displaypath'; l'script ha retornat un estat no zero."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:608
+#: git-submodule.sh:584
 #, sh-format
-msgid "No url found for submodule path '$displaypath' in .gitmodules"
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr ""
+"No s'ha pogut trobar la revisió actual en el camí de submòdul '$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:594
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut obtenir en el camí de submòdul '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:599
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to find current ${remote_name}/${branch} revision in submodule path "
+"'$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
-"No s'ha trobat cap url per al camí de submòdul '$displaypath' a .gitmodules"
+"No s'ha pogut trobar la revisió actual de ${remote_name}/${branch} en el "
+"camí de submòdul '$sm_path'"
 
 #: git-submodule.sh:617
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en registrar l'url per al camí de submòdul '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut obtenir en el camí de submòdul '$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:623
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Fetched in submodule path '$displaypath', but it did not contain $sha1. "
+"Direct fetching of that commit failed."
+msgstr ""
+"S'ha obtingut en el camí de submòdul '$displaypath', però no contenia $sha1. "
+"L'obtenció directa d'aquella comissió ha fallat."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:619
+#: git-submodule.sh:630
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "S'ha registrat el submòdul '$name' ($url) per al camí '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut agafar '$sha1' en el camí de submòdul '$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:631
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Camí de submòdul '$displaypath': s'ha agafat '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:635
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr ""
+"No s'ha pogut fer «rebase» '$sha1' en el camí de submòdul '$displaypath'"
 
 #: git-submodule.sh:636
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Camí de submòdul '$displaypath': s'ha fet «rebase» en '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:641
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut fusionar '$sha1' en el camí de submòdul '$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:642
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Camí de submòdul '$displaypath': s'ha fusionat en '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:647
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
-"S'ha fallat en registrar el mode d'actualització per al camí de submòdul "
+"L'execució de '$command $sha1' ha fallat en el camí de submòdul "
 "'$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:674
+#: git-submodule.sh:648
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Use '.' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
-msgstr "Useu '.' si realment voleu desinicialitzar tots els submòduls"
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': '$command $sha1'"
+msgstr "Camí de submòdul '$displaypath': '$command $sha1'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:691
+#: git-submodule.sh:679
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains a .git directory"
-msgstr "L'arbre de treball de submòdul '$displaypath' conté un directori .git"
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr ""
+"S'ha produït un error en recorre recursivament dins del camí de submòdul "
+"'$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:692
+#: git-submodule.sh:775
+msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
+msgstr "L'opció --cached no es pot usar amb l'opció --files"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:827
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
+msgstr "mode inesperat $mod_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:847
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgstr "  Avís: $display_name no conté la comissió $sha1_src"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:850
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  Avís: $display_name no conté la comissió $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:853
 #, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  Avís: $display_name no conté les comissions $sha1_src i $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "See git-${cmd}(1) for details."
+msgstr "Vegeu git-${cmd}(1) per detalls."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:140
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Rebasing ($new_count/$total)"
+msgstr "S'està fent «rebase» ($new_count/$total)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:156
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Commands:\n"
+"p, pick = use commit\n"
+"r, reword = use commit, but edit the commit message\n"
+"e, edit = use commit, but stop for amending\n"
+"s, squash = use commit, but meld into previous commit\n"
+"f, fixup = like \"squash\", but discard this commit's log message\n"
+"x, exec = run command (the rest of the line) using shell\n"
+"d, drop = remove commit\n"
+"\n"
+"These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Ordres:\n"
+" p, pick = usa la comissió\n"
+" r, reword = usa la comissió, però edita el missatge de comissió\n"
+" e, edit = usa la comissió, però atura't per a esmenar\n"
+" s, squash = usa la comissió, però fusiona'l a la comissió prèvia\n"
+" f, fixup = com \"squash\", però descarta el missatge de registre d'aquesta "
+"comissió\n"
+" x, exec = executa l'ordre (la resta de la línia) usant l'intèrpret "
+"d'ordres\n"
+" d, drop = elimina la comissió\n"
+"\n"
+"Es pot canviar l'ordre d'aquestes línies; s'executen de dalt a baix.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:171
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Do not remove any line. Use 'drop' explicitly to remove a commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"No elimineu cap línia. Useu 'drop' explícitament per a eliminar una "
+"comissió.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:175
 msgid ""
-"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+"\n"
+"If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"(useu 'rm -rf' si realment voleu eliminar-lo inclosa tota la seva història)"
+"\n"
+"Si elimineu una línia aquí, ES PERDRÀ AQUELLA COMISSIÓ.\n"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:698
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:213
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains local modifications; use '-f' to "
-"discard them"
+"You can amend the commit now, with\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Once you are satisfied with your changes, run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 msgstr ""
-"L'arbre de treball de submòdul '$displaypath' conté modificacions locals; "
-"useu '-f' per a descartar-les"
+"Podeu esmenar la comissió ara, amb\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Una vegada que estigueu satisfet amb els vostres canvis, executeu\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:701
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:238
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Cleared directory '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "S'ha netejat el directori '$displaypath'"
+msgid "$sha1: not a commit that can be picked"
+msgstr "$sha1: no és una comissió que es pugui escollir"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:702
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:277
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut eliminar l'arbre de treball de submòdul '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Invalid commit name: $sha1"
+msgstr "Nom de comissió no vàlid: $sha1"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:705
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:319
+msgid "Cannot write current commit's replacement sha1"
+msgstr "No es pot escriure el sha1 reemplaçant de la comissió actual"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:371
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Could not create empty submodule directory '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut crear el directori de submòdul buit '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "Avanç ràpid a $sha1"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:714
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:373
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Submòdul '$name' ($url) no registrat per al camí '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Cannot fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "No es pot avançar ràpidament a $sha1"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:830
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:382
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Submodule path '$displaypath' not initialized\n"
-"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
-msgstr ""
-"Camí de submòdul '$displaypath' no inicialitzat\n"
-"Potser voleu usar 'update --init'?"
+msgid "Cannot move HEAD to $first_parent"
+msgstr "No es pot moure HEAD a $first_parent"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:387
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr ""
-"No s'ha pogut trobar la revisió actual en el camí de submòdul '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Refusing to squash a merge: $sha1"
+msgstr "S'està refusant fer «squash» a una fusió: $sha1"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:852
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:405
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut obtenir en el camí de submòdul '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Error redoing merge $sha1"
+msgstr "Error en refer la fusió $sha1"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:876
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:414
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut obtenir en el camí de submòdul '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Could not pick $sha1"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut escollir $sha1"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:890
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:423
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut agafar '$sha1' en el camí de submòdul '$displaypath'"
+msgid "This is the commit message #${n}:"
+msgstr "Aquest és el missatge de comissió núm. ${n}:"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:891
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:428
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': checked out '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Camí de submòdul '$displaypath': s'ha agafat '$sha1'"
+msgid "The commit message #${n} will be skipped:"
+msgstr "El missatge de comissió núm. ${n} s'ometrà:"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:895
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:439
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "no s'ha pogut  rebasar '$sha1' en el camí de submòdul '$displaypath'"
+msgid "This is a combination of $count commit."
+msgid_plural "This is a combination of $count commits."
+msgstr[0] "Això és una combinació de $count comissió."
+msgstr[1] "Això és una combinació de $count comissions."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:896
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:448
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': rebased into '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Camí de submòdul '$displaypath': s'ha rebasat en '$sha1'"
+msgid "Cannot write $fixup_msg"
+msgstr "No es pot escriure $fixup_msg"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:451
+msgid "This is a combination of 2 commits."
+msgstr "Això és una combinació de 2 comissions."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:901
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:492 git-rebase--interactive.sh:535
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:538
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "No s'ha pogut  fusionar '$sha1' en el camí de submòdul '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut aplicar $sha1... $rest"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:902
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:567
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': merged in '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Camí de submòdul '$displaypath': s'ha fusionat en '$sha1'"
+msgid ""
+"Could not amend commit after successfully picking $sha1... $rest\n"
+"This is most likely due to an empty commit message, or the pre-commit hook\n"
+"failed. If the pre-commit hook failed, you may need to resolve the issue "
+"before\n"
+"you are able to reword the commit."
+msgstr ""
+"No s'ha pogut esmenar la comissió després d'escollir amb èxit $sha1... "
+"$rest\n"
+"Això és probablement a causa d'un missatge de comissió buit, o el lligam de\n"
+"precomissió ha fallat. Si el lligam de precomissió ha fallat, pot ser que\n"
+"necessiteu resoldre el problema abans que pugueu canviar el missatge de\n"
+"comissió."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:582
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopped at $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+msgstr "S'ha aturat a $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:597
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot '$squash_style' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "No es pot '$squash_style' sense una comissió prèvia"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:639
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Executing: $rest"
+msgstr "S'està executant: $rest"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:907
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:647
 #, sh-format
+msgid "Execution failed: $rest"
+msgstr "L'execució ha fallat: $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:649
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree"
+msgstr "i ha fet canvis a l'índex o l'arbre de treball"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:651
 msgid ""
-"Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule  path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+"You can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 msgstr ""
-"L'execució de '$command $sha1' ha fallat en el camí de submòdul '$prefix"
-"$sm_path'"
+"Podeu arreglar el problema, i llavors executeu\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:908
+#. TRANSLATORS: after these lines is a command to be issued by the user
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:664
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': '$command $sha1'"
-msgstr "Camí de submòdul '$prefix$sm_path': '$command $sha1'"
+msgid ""
+"Execution succeeded: $rest\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"L'execució ha tingut èxit: $rest\n"
+"però ha deixat canvis a l'índex o l'arbre de treball\n"
+"Cometeu o emmagatzemeu els vostres canvis, i llavors executeu\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:938
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:675
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en recursar al camí de submòdul '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Unknown command: $command $sha1 $rest"
+msgstr "Ordre desconeguda: $command $sha1 $rest"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1046
-msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
-msgstr "L'opció --cached no es pot usar amb l'opció --files"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:676
+msgid "Please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "Corregiu-ho usant «git rebase --edit-todo»."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1098
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:711
 #, sh-format
-msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
-msgstr "mode inesperat $mod_dst"
+msgid "Successfully rebased and updated $head_name."
+msgstr "S'ha fet «rebase» i actualitzat $head_name amb èxit."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:735
+msgid "could not detach HEAD"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut separar HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:771
+msgid "Could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut eliminar CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1118
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:776
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
-msgstr "  Avís: $display_name no conté la comissió $sha1_src"
+msgid ""
+"You have staged changes in your working tree.\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be\n"
+"squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Teniu canvis «stage» en el vostre arbre de treball.\n"
+"Si aquests canvis són per fer «squash»\n"
+"a la comissió prèvia, executeu:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Si són per a formar una comissió nova, executeu:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"En ambdós casos, quan hàgiu terminat, continueu amb:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1121
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:793
+msgid "Error trying to find the author identity to amend commit"
+msgstr ""
+"Hi ha hagut un error en intentar trobar la identitat d'autor per a esmenar "
+"la comissió"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:798
+msgid ""
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+"Teniu canvis no comesos en el vostre arbre de treball. \n"
+"Primer cometeu-los i després executeu «git rebase --continue» de nou."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:803 git-rebase--interactive.sh:807
+msgid "Could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "No s'han pogut cometre els canvis «staged»."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:836
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.\n"
+"To continue rebase after editing, run:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Esteu editant el fitxer de coses a fer d'un «rebase» interactiu en marxa.\n"
+"Per a continuar el «rebase» després d'editar, executeu:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:844 git-rebase--interactive.sh:1008
+msgid "Could not execute editor"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut executar l'editor"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:860
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
-msgstr "  Avís: $display_name no conté la comissió $sha1_dst"
+msgid "Could not checkout $switch_to"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut agafar $switch_to"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:865
+msgid "No HEAD?"
+msgstr "No hi ha cap HEAD?"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1124
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:866
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
-msgstr "  Avís: $display_name no conté les comissions $sha1_src i $sha1_dst"
+msgid "Could not create temporary $state_dir"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut crear el $state_dir temporal"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1149
-msgid "blob"
-msgstr "blob"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:869
+msgid "Could not mark as interactive"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut marcar com a interactiu"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:879 git-rebase--interactive.sh:884
+msgid "Could not init rewritten commits"
+msgstr "No s'han pogut iniciar les comissions reescrites"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1267
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:910
+msgid "Could not generate todo list"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut escriure la llista per a fer"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:986
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount command)"
+msgid_plural "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount commands)"
+msgstr[0] "Rebasa $shortrevisions sobre $shortonto ($todocount ordre)"
+msgstr[1] "Rebasa $shortrevisions sobre $shortonto ($todocount ordres)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:991
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"However, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"No obstant, si elimineu tot, s'avortarà el «rebase».\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:998
+msgid "Note that empty commits are commented out"
+msgstr "Nota que les comissions buides estan comentades"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:89 git-sh-setup.sh:94
+#, sh-format
+msgid "usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+msgstr "ús: $dashless $USAGE"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:190
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot chdir to $cdup, the toplevel of the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+"No es pot canviar de directori a $cdup, el nivell superior de l'arbre de "
+"treball"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:199 git-sh-setup.sh:206
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "S'ha fallat en recursar al camí de submòdul '$sm_path'"
+msgid "fatal: $program_name cannot be used without a working tree."
+msgstr "fatal: no es pot usar $program_name sense un arbre de treball."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:220
+msgid "Cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "No es pot fer «rebase»: teniu canvis «unstaged»."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:223
+msgid "Cannot rewrite branches: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "No es poden reescriure branques: Teniu canvis «unstaged»."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1331
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:226
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "No es pot baixar fent «rebase»: Teniu canvis «unstaged»."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:229
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Sincronitzant l'url de submòdul per a '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Cannot $action: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "No es pot $action: Teniu canvis «unstaged»."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:242
+msgid "Cannot rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "No es pot fer «rebase»: El vostre índex conté canvis sense cometre."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:245
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"No es pot baixar fent «rebase»: El vostre índex conté canvis sense cometre."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:248
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot $action: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "No es pot $action: El vostre índex conté canvis sense cometre."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:252
+msgid "Additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "Addicionalment, el vostre índex conté canvis sense cometre."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:372
+msgid "You need to run this command from the toplevel of the working tree."
+msgstr ""
+"Heu d'executar aquesta ordre des del nivell superior de l'arbre de treball."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:377
+msgid "Unable to determine absolute path of git directory"
+msgstr "No s'ha pogut determinar el camí absolut del directori de git"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: you can adjust this to align "git add -i" status menu
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:196
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%12s %12s %s"
+msgstr "%12s %12s %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "staged"
+msgstr "staged"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "unstaged"
+msgstr "unstaged"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:246 git-add--interactive.perl:271
+msgid "binary"
+msgstr "binari"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:255 git-add--interactive.perl:309
+msgid "nothing"
+msgstr "res"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:291 git-add--interactive.perl:306
+msgid "unchanged"
+msgstr "sense canvis"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:602
+#, perl-format
+msgid "added %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "added %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "afegit %d camí\n"
+msgstr[1] "afegits %d camins\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:605
+#, perl-format
+msgid "updated %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "updated %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "actualitzat %d camí\n"
+msgstr[1] "actualitzats %d camins\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:608
+#, perl-format
+msgid "reverted %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "reverted %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "revertit %d camí\n"
+msgstr[1] "revertits %d camins\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:611
+#, perl-format
+msgid "touched %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "touched %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "modificat %d camí\n"
+msgstr[1] "modificat %d camins\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:620
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "Actualitza"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:632
+msgid "Revert"
+msgstr "Reverteix"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:655
+#, perl-format
+msgid "note: %s is untracked now.\n"
+msgstr "nota: %s està ara sense seguiment.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:666
+msgid "Add untracked"
+msgstr "Afegeix sense seguiment"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:672
+msgid "No untracked files.\n"
+msgstr "Sense fitxers no seguits.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1026
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for staging."
+msgstr ""
+"Si el pedaç s'aplica correctament, el tros editat es marcarà immediatament\n"
+"per «staging»."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1029
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for stashing."
+msgstr ""
+"Si el pedaç s'aplica correctament, el tros editat es marcarà immediatament\n"
+"per «stashing»."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1032
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for unstaging."
+msgstr ""
+"Si el pedaç s'aplica correctament, el tros editat es marcarà immediatament\n"
+"per «unstaging»."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1035 git-add--interactive.perl:1044
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for applying."
+msgstr ""
+"Si el pedaç s'aplica correctament, el tros editat es marcarà immediatament\n"
+"per aplicar-se."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1038 git-add--interactive.perl:1041
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for discarding."
+msgstr ""
+"Si el pedaç s'aplica correctament, el tros editat es marcarà immediatament\n"
+"per descartar-se."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1078
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for writing: %s"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en escriure al fitxer d'edició del tros: %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1079
+msgid "Manual hunk edit mode -- see bottom for a quick guide.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Mode d'edició de trossos manual - vegeu més avall per una guia ràpida.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1085
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"---\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, delete them.\n"
+"Lines starting with %s will be removed.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"---\n"
+"Per suprimir «%s» línies, feu-les línies ' ' (context).\n"
+"Per suprimir «%s» línies, suprimiu-les.\n"
+"Les línies que comencin per %s seran suprimides.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: 'it' refers to the patch mentioned in the previous messages.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1093
+msgid ""
+"If it does not apply cleanly, you will be given an opportunity to\n"
+"edit again.  If all lines of the hunk are removed, then the edit is\n"
+"aborted and the hunk is left unchanged.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Si no s'aplica correctament, tindreu una oportunitat per editar-lo\n"
+"de nou. Si totes les línies del tros se suprimeixen, llavors l'edició "
+"s'avorta\n"
+"i el tros es deixa sense cap canvi.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1107
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for reading: %s"
+msgstr "s'ha produït un error en llegir al fitxer d'edició del tros: %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: do not translate [y/n]
+#. The program will only accept that input
+#. at this point.
+#. Consider translating (saying "no" discards!) as
+#. (saying "n" for "no" discards!) if the translation
+#. of the word "no" does not start with n.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1206
+msgid ""
+"Your edited hunk does not apply. Edit again (saying \"no\" discards!) [y/n]? "
+msgstr ""
+"El tros editat no s'aplica. Editeu-lo de nou (si responeu \"no\" es "
+"descartarà) [y/n]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1215
+msgid ""
+"y - stage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - fes «stage» d'aquest tros\n"
+"n - no facis «stage» d'aquest tros\n"
+"q - surt; no facis «stage» d'aquest tros o de cap altre restant\n"
+"a - fes «stage» d'aquest tros i tota la resta de trossos del fitxer\n"
+"d - no facis «stage» d'aquest tros o de cap altre restant del fitxer"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1221
+msgid ""
+"y - stash this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stash this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stash this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stash this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stash this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - fes «stash» d'aquest tros\n"
+"n - no facis «stash» d'aquest tros\n"
+"q - surt; no facis «stash» d'aquest tros o de cap altre restant\n"
+"a - fes «stash» d'aquest tros i tota la resta de trossos del fitxer\n"
+"d - no facis «stash» d'aquest tros o de cap altre restant del fitxer"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1227
+msgid ""
+"y - unstage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not unstage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not unstage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - unstage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not unstage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - fes «unstage» d'aquest tros\n"
+"n - no facis «unstage» d'aquest tros\n"
+"q - surt; no facis «unstage» d'aquest tros o de cap altre restant\n"
+"a - fes «unstage» d'aquest tros i tota la resta de trossos del fitxer\n"
+"d - no facis «unstage» d'aquest tros o de cap altre restant del fitxer"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1233
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - aplica aquest tros a l'índex\n"
+"n - no apliquis aquest tros a l'índex\n"
+"q - surt; no apliquis aquest tros ni cap dels pendents\n"
+"a - aplica aquest tros i tots els trossos posteriors en el fitxer\n"
+"d - no apliquis aquest tros ni cap dels trossos posteriors en el fitxer"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1239
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - descarta aquest tros de l'arbre de treball\n"
+"n - no descartis aquest tros des de l'arbre de treball\n"
+"q - surt; no apliquis aquest tros ni cap dels pendents\n"
+"a - descarta aquest tros i tots els trossos posteriors en el fitxer\n"
+"d - no descartis aquest tros ni cap dels trossos posteriors en el fitxer"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1245
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - descarta aquest tros de l'índex i de l'arbre de treball\n"
+"n - no descartis aquest tros des de l'índex i de l'arbre de treball\n"
+"q - surt; no apliquis aquest tros ni cap dels pendents\n"
+"a - descarta aquest tros i tots els trossos posteriors en el fitxer\n"
+"d - no descartis aquest tros ni cap dels trossos posteriors en el fitxer"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1251
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - aplica aquest tros a l'índex i l'arbre de treball\n"
+"n - no apliquis aquest tros des de l'índex i de l'arbre de treball\n"
+"q - surt; no apliquis aquest tros ni cap dels pendents\n"
+"a - aplica aquest tros i tots els trossos posteriors en el fitxer\n"
+"d - no apliquis aquest tros ni cap dels trossos posteriors en el fitxer"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1266
+msgid ""
+"g - select a hunk to go to\n"
+"/ - search for a hunk matching the given regex\n"
+"j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk\n"
+"J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk\n"
+"k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk\n"
+"K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk\n"
+"s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks\n"
+"e - manually edit the current hunk\n"
+"? - print help\n"
+msgstr ""
+"g - selecciona el tros on voleu anar\n"
+"/ - cerca un tros que coincideixi amb l'expressió regular donada\n"
+"j - deixa aquest tros sense decidir, veure el tros sense decidir següent\n"
+"J - deixa aquest tros sense decidir, veure el tros següent\n"
+"k - deixa aquest tros sense decidir, veure el tros sense decidir anterior\n"
+"K - deixa aquest tros sense decidir, veure el tros anterior\n"
+"s - divideix el tros actual en trossos més petits\n"
+"e - edita manualment el tros actual\n"
+"? - mostra l'ajuda\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1297
+msgid "The selected hunks do not apply to the index!\n"
+msgstr "Els trossos seleccionats no apliquen a l'índex\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1298
+msgid "Apply them to the worktree anyway? "
+msgstr "Voleu aplicar-los igualment a l'arbre de treball? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1301
+msgid "Nothing was applied.\n"
+msgstr "No s'ha aplicat res.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1312
+#, perl-format
+msgid "ignoring unmerged: %s\n"
+msgstr "s'està ignorant %s no fusionat\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1321
+msgid "Only binary files changed.\n"
+msgstr "Només s'han canviat els fitxers binaris.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1323
+msgid "No changes.\n"
+msgstr "Sense canvis.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1331
+msgid "Patch update"
+msgstr "Actualització del pedaç"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1383
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Canvia el mode de «stage» [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1384
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Suprimeix «stage» [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1385
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Fer un «stage» d'aquest tros [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1388
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Canvia el mode de «stash» [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1389
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Suprimeix «stash» [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1390
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Fer un «stash» d'aquest tros [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1393
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Canvia el mode de «unstage» [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1394
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Suprimeix «Unstage» [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1395
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Fer un «unstage» d'aquest tros [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1398
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplica el canvi de mode a l'índex [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1399
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplica l'esborrat a l'índex [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1400
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplica aquest tros a l'índex [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1403
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Descarta el canvi de mode des de l'arbre de treball [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1404
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Descarta l'esborrat des de l'arbre de treball [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1405
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Descarta aquest tros des de l'arbre de treball  [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1408
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Descarta el canvi de mode des de l'índex i l'arbre de treball [y,n,q,a,d"
+"%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1409
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Descarta la supressió des de l'índex i l'arbre de treball [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1410
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Descarta aquest tros des de l'índex i l'arbre de treball [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1413
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Aplica el canvi de mode a l'índex i l'arbre de treball [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1414
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplica la supressió a l'índex i l'arbre de treball [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1415
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplica aquest tros a l'índex i l'arbre de treball [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1515
+msgid "No other hunks to goto\n"
+msgstr "No hi ha altres trossos on anar-hi\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1522
+msgid "go to which hunk (<ret> to see more)? "
+msgstr "ves a quin tros (<ret> per veure'n més)? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1524
+msgid "go to which hunk? "
+msgstr "ves a quin tros? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Invalid number: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Número no vàlid: '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1538
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sorry, only %d hunk available.\n"
+msgid_plural "Sorry, only %d hunks available.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Només %d tros disponible.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Només %d trossos disponibles.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1564
+msgid "No other hunks to search\n"
+msgstr "No hi ha cap altre tros a cercar\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1568
+msgid "search for regex? "
+msgstr "Cerca per expressió regular? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1581
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Malformed search regexp %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "Expressió regular de cerca mal formada %s: %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1591
+msgid "No hunk matches the given pattern\n"
+msgstr "No hi ha trossos que coincideixin amb el patró donat\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1603 git-add--interactive.perl:1625
+msgid "No previous hunk\n"
+msgstr "Sense tros previ\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1612 git-add--interactive.perl:1631
+msgid "No next hunk\n"
+msgstr "No hi ha tros següent\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1637
+msgid "Sorry, cannot split this hunk\n"
+msgstr "No es pot dividir aquest tros\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1643
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Split into %d hunk.\n"
+msgid_plural "Split into %d hunks.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Divideix en %d tros.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Divideix en %d trossos.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1653
+msgid "Sorry, cannot edit this hunk\n"
+msgstr "No es pot editar aquest tros\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1699
+msgid "Review diff"
+msgstr "Reviseu les diferències"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please do not translate the command names
+#. 'status', 'update', 'revert', etc.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1718
+msgid ""
+"status        - show paths with changes\n"
+"update        - add working tree state to the staged set of changes\n"
+"revert        - revert staged set of changes back to the HEAD version\n"
+"patch         - pick hunks and update selectively\n"
+"diff          - view diff between HEAD and index\n"
+"add untracked - add contents of untracked files to the staged set of "
+"changes\n"
+msgstr ""
+"status        - mostra els camins amb canvis\n"
+"update        - afegeix l'estat de l'arbre de treball al conjunt de canvis "
+"«staged»\n"
+"revert        - reverteix el conjunt de canvis de «staged» a la versió HEAD\n"
+"patch         - selecciona trossos i actualitza'ls selectivament\n"
+"diff          - mostra la diferència entre HEAD i l'índex\n"
+"add untracked - afegeix el contingut dels fitxers no seguits al conjunt de "
+"canvis «staged»\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1735 git-add--interactive.perl:1740
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1743 git-add--interactive.perl:1750
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1754 git-add--interactive.perl:1760
+msgid "missing --"
+msgstr "manca --"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1756
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unknown --patch mode: %s"
+msgstr "desconegut --patch mode: %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1762 git-add--interactive.perl:1768
+#, perl-format
+msgid "invalid argument %s, expecting --"
+msgstr "argument %s no vàlid, s'esperava --"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:130
+msgid "local zone differs from GMT by a non-minute interval\n"
+msgstr "la zona local difereix de GMT per un interval que no és de minuts\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:137 git-send-email.perl:143
+msgid "local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n"
+msgstr "el desplaçament de la zona local és més gran o igual a 24 hores\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:211 git-send-email.perl:217
+msgid "the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything"
+msgstr "l'editor no ha sortit correctament, avortant-ho tot"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:294
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' contains an intermediate version of the email you were composing.\n"
+msgstr "«%s» conté una versió intermèdia del correu que estàveu redactant.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:299
+#, perl-format
+msgid "'%s.final' contains the composed email.\n"
+msgstr "'%s.final' conté el correu redactat.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:317
+msgid "--dump-aliases incompatible with other options\n"
+msgstr "--dump-aliases és incompatible amb altres opcions\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:383 git-send-email.perl:638
+msgid "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+msgstr "No es pot executar git format-patch des de fora del dipòsit\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:386
+msgid ""
+"`batch-size` and `relogin` must be specified together (via command-line or "
+"configuration option)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:456
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --suppress-cc field: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Camp --suppress-cc desconegut: «%s»\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:485
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --confirm setting: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "--confirm setting desconegut: «%s»\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:513
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail alias with quotes is not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "avís: el sobrenom de sendmail amb cometes no està suportat: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:515
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `:include:` not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "avís: `:include:` no està suportat: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:517
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `/file` or `|pipe` redirection not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "avís: les redireccions `/file` or `|pipe no són admeses: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:522
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail line is not recognized: %s\n"
+msgstr "avís: no es pot reconèixer la línia sendmail: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:604
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"File '%s' exists but it could also be the range of commits\n"
+"to produce patches for.  Please disambiguate by...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * Saying \"./%s\" if you mean a file; or\n"
+"    * Giving --format-patch option if you mean a range.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"El fitxer «%s» existeix però també pot ser un rang de comissions\n"
+"per produir pedaços. Desambigüeu...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * Dient \"./%s\" si volíeu especificar aquest fitxer; o\n"
+"    * Proporcionant l'opció --format-patch si volíeu especificar un rang.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:625
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to opendir %s: %s"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en obrir el directori %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:649
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"fatal: %s: %s\n"
+"warning: no patches were sent\n"
+msgstr ""
+"fatal: %s: %s\n"
+"avís: no s'han enviat pedaços\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:660
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"No patch files specified!\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"No s'han especificat fitxers de pedaç\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:673
+#, perl-format
+msgid "No subject line in %s?"
+msgstr "Sense assumpte a %s?"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:683
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open for writing %s: %s"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en obrir per escriptura %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:694
+msgid ""
+"Lines beginning in \"GIT:\" will be removed.\n"
+"Consider including an overall diffstat or table of contents\n"
+"for the patch you are writing.\n"
+"\n"
+"Clear the body content if you don't wish to send a summary.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Se suprimiran les línies que comencen amb \"GIT:\".\n"
+"Considereu incloure un diffstat global o una taula de continguts\n"
+"per cada pedaç que esteu escrivint.\n"
+"\n"
+"Netegeu el contingut del cos si no voleu enviar un resum.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:718
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s: %s"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en obrir %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:735
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s.final: %s"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en obrir %s.final: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:778
+msgid "Summary email is empty, skipping it\n"
+msgstr "El correu electrònic de resum està buit, s'omet\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep [y/N] as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:813
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to use <%s> [y/N]? "
+msgstr "Esteu segur que voleu usar <%s> [y/N]? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:868
+msgid ""
+"The following files are 8bit, but do not declare a Content-Transfer-"
+"Encoding.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Els fitxers següents són 8bit, però no declaren un Content-Transfer-"
+"Encoding.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:873
+msgid "Which 8bit encoding should I declare [UTF-8]? "
+msgstr "Quina codificació de 8 bits hauria de declarar [UTF-8]? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:881
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"Refusing to send because the patch\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"has the template subject '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. Pass --force if you really "
+"want to send.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"S'ha refusat a enviar perquè el pedaç\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"perquè la plantilla té l'assumpte '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. Passeu --force si "
+"realment voleu enviar-lo.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:900
+msgid "To whom should the emails be sent (if anyone)?"
+msgstr ""
+"A qui s'haurien d'enviar els correus electrònics (si s'han d'enviar a algú)?"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:918
+#, perl-format
+msgid "fatal: alias '%s' expands to itself\n"
+msgstr "fatal: l'àlies «%s» s'expandeix a si mateix\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:930
+msgid "Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email (if any)? "
+msgstr ""
+"S'ha d'usar el Message-ID com a In-Reply-To pel primer correu (si n'hi ha "
+"cap)? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:988 git-send-email.perl:996
+#, perl-format
+msgid "error: unable to extract a valid address from: %s\n"
+msgstr "error: no s'ha pogut extreure una adreça vàlida de: %s\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [q] [d] [e] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1000
+msgid "What to do with this address? ([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit): "
+msgstr "Què cal fer amb aquesta adreça? ([q]surt|[d]escarta|[e]dita): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1317
+#, perl-format
+msgid "CA path \"%s\" does not exist"
+msgstr "el camí CA \"%s\" no existeix"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1395
+msgid ""
+"    The Cc list above has been expanded by additional\n"
+"    addresses found in the patch commit message. By default\n"
+"    send-email prompts before sending whenever this occurs.\n"
+"    This behavior is controlled by the sendemail.confirm\n"
+"    configuration setting.\n"
+"\n"
+"    For additional information, run 'git send-email --help'.\n"
+"    To retain the current behavior, but squelch this message,\n"
+"    run 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"    La llista de Cc de sobre s'ha ampliat amb adreces addicionals\n"
+"    trobades al missatge de la comissió del pedaç. Per defecte, \n"
+"    send-email pregunta abans d'enviar el missatge quan això succeeix.\n"
+"    Aquest comportament està controlat pel paràmetre de configuració\n"
+"    sendemail.confirm.\n"
+"\n"
+"    Per a informació addicional, executeu 'git send-email --help'.\n"
+"    Per mantenir el comportament actual, però silenciar aquest\n"
+"    missatge, executeu 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y] [n] [q] [a] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1410
+msgid "Send this email? ([y]es|[n]o|[q]uit|[a]ll): "
+msgstr "Voleu enviar aquest correu electrònic? ([y]sí|[n]o|[q]surt|[a]tot): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1413
+msgid "Send this email reply required"
+msgstr "Requereix resposta en enviar el correu"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1439
+msgid "The required SMTP server is not properly defined."
+msgstr "El servidor SMTP requerit no està correctament definit."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1486
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Server does not support STARTTLS! %s"
+msgstr "El servidor no admet STARTTLS! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1491 git-send-email.perl:1495
+#, perl-format
+msgid "STARTTLS failed! %s"
+msgstr "STARTTLS ha fallat! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1505
+msgid "Unable to initialize SMTP properly. Check config and use --smtp-debug."
+msgstr ""
+"No s'ha pogut inicialitzar SMTP correctament. Comproveu-ho la configuració i "
+"useu --smtp-debug."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1523
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to send %s\n"
+msgstr "S'ha produït un error en enviar %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1526
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Dry-Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "Simulació d'enviament %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1526
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "Enviat %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1528
+msgid "Dry-OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "Simulació de correcte. El registre diu:\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1528
+msgid "OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "Correcte. El registre diu: \n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1540
+msgid "Result: "
+msgstr "Resultat: "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1543
+msgid "Result: OK\n"
+msgstr "Resultat: correcte\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1556
+#, perl-format
+msgid "can't open file %s"
+msgstr "no es pot obrir el fitxer %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1603 git-send-email.perl:1623
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) S'està afegint cc: %s des de la línia «%s»\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1609
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding to: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) S'està afegint a: %s des de la línia «%s»\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1657
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(no mbox) S'està afegint cc: %s des de la línia «%s»\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1682
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(body) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(cos) S'està afegint cc: %s des de la línia «%s»\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1788
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Could not execute '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) no s'ha pogut executar «%s»"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1795
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Adding %s: %s from: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(%s) S'està afegint %s: %s des de: «%s»\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1799
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) failed to close pipe to '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) s'ha produït un error en tancar el conducte «%s»"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1826
+msgid "cannot send message as 7bit"
+msgstr "no es pot enviar el missatge en 7 bits"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1834
+msgid "invalid transfer encoding"
+msgstr "codificació de transferència no vàlida"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1872 git-send-email.perl:1923 git-send-email.perl:1933
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unable to open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "no s'ha pogut obrir %s: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1875
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%s: patch contains a line longer than 998 characters"
+msgstr "%s: el pedaç conté una línia més gran de 998 caràcters"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1891
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Skipping %s with backup suffix '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "S'està ometent %s amb el sufix de còpia de seguretat «%s».\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep "[y|N]" as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1895
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Do you really want to send %s? [y|N]: "
+msgstr "Esteu segur que voleu enviar %s? [y|N]: "
diff --git a/po/de.po b/po/de.po
index 11fbd0f888..7df1cfcd49 100644
--- a/po/de.po
+++ b/po/de.po
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 # German translations for Git.
-# Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (C) 2010-2016 Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com>
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
-# Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com>, 2010-2015.
+# Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com>, 2010-2016.
 #
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: Git\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-01-21 14:21+0800\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-01-21 15:01+0800\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-03-16 07:29+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-11-28 18:10+0100\n"
 "Last-Translator: Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com>\n"
 "Language-Team: German <>\n"
 "Language: de\n"
@@ -17,12 +17,43 @@ msgstr ""
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n!=1);\n"
 
-#: advice.c:55
+#: advice.c:62
 #, c-format
 msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
 msgstr "Hinweis: %.*s\n"
 
-#: advice.c:88
+#: advice.c:90
+msgid "Cherry-picking is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Cherry-Picken ist nicht möglich, weil Sie nicht zusammengeführte Dateien "
+"haben."
+
+#: advice.c:92
+msgid "Committing is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Committen ist nicht möglich, weil Sie nicht zusammengeführte Dateien haben."
+
+#: advice.c:94
+msgid "Merging is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Mergen ist nicht möglich, weil Sie nicht zusammengeführte Dateien haben."
+
+#: advice.c:96
+msgid "Pulling is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Pullen ist nicht möglich, weil Sie nicht zusammengeführte Dateien haben."
+
+#: advice.c:98
+msgid "Reverting is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Reverten ist nicht möglich, weil Sie nicht zusammengeführte Dateien haben."
+
+#: advice.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid "It is not possible to %s because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "%s ist nicht möglich, weil Sie nicht zusammengeführte Dateien haben."
+
+#: advice.c:108
 msgid ""
 "Fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
 "as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
@@ -31,99 +62,827 @@ msgstr ""
 "dann 'git add/rm <Datei>', um die Auflösung entsprechend zu markieren\n"
 "und zu committen."
 
-#: archive.c:11
-msgid "git archive [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
-msgstr "git archive [Optionen] <Commit-Referenz> [<Pfad>...]"
+#: advice.c:116
+msgid "Exiting because of an unresolved conflict."
+msgstr "Beende wegen unaufgelöstem Konflikt."
+
+#: advice.c:121 builtin/merge.c:1251
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "Sie haben Ihren Merge nicht abgeschlossen (MERGE_HEAD existiert)."
+
+#: advice.c:123
+msgid "Please, commit your changes before merging."
+msgstr "Bitte committen Sie Ihre Änderungen, bevor Sie mergen."
+
+#: advice.c:124
+msgid "Exiting because of unfinished merge."
+msgstr "Beende wegen nicht abgeschlossenem Merge."
+
+#: advice.c:130
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Note: checking out '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental\n"
+"changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this\n"
+"state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may\n"
+"do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Hinweis: Checke '%s' aus.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sie befinden sich im Zustand eines 'losgelösten HEAD'. Sie können sich\n"
+"umschauen, experimentelle Änderungen vornehmen und diese committen, und\n"
+"Sie können alle möglichen Commits, die Sie in diesem Zustand machen,\n"
+"ohne Auswirkungen auf irgendeinen Branch verwerfen, indem Sie einen\n"
+"weiteren Checkout durchführen.\n"
+"\n"
+"Wenn Sie einen neuen Branch erstellen möchten, um Ihre erstellten Commits\n"
+"zu behalten, können Sie das (jetzt oder später) durch einen weiteren "
+"Checkout\n"
+"mit der Option -b tun. Beispiel:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <neuer-Branchname>\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: apply.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr "nicht erkannte Whitespace-Option: '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr "nicht erkannte Option zum Ignorieren von Whitespace: '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:122
+msgid "--reject and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--reject und --3way können nicht gemeinsam verwendet werden."
+
+#: apply.c:124
+msgid "--cached and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--cached und --3way können nicht gemeinsam verwendet werden."
+
+#: apply.c:127
+msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Option --3way kann nicht außerhalb eines Repositories verwendet werden."
+
+#: apply.c:138
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Option --index kann nicht außerhalb eines Repositories verwendet werden."
+
+#: apply.c:141
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Option --cached kann nicht außerhalb eines Repositories verwendet werden."
+
+#: apply.c:821
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr "Kann regulären Ausdruck für Zeitstempel %s nicht verarbeiten"
+
+#: apply.c:830
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr "Ausführung des regulären Ausdrucks gab %d zurück. Eingabe: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:904
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr "Konnte keinen Dateinamen in Zeile %d des Patches finden."
+
+#: apply.c:942
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: ungültiges 'git-diff' - erwartete /dev/null, erhielt %s in Zeile "
+"%d"
+
+#: apply.c:948
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: ungültiges 'git-diff' - Inkonsistenter neuer Dateiname in Zeile %d"
+
+#: apply.c:949
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: ungültiges 'git-diff' - Inkonsistenter alter Dateiname in Zeile %d"
+
+#: apply.c:954
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: ungültiges 'git-diff' - erwartete /dev/null in Zeile %d"
+
+#: apply.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid mode on line %d: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Modus in Zeile %d: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:1301
+#, c-format
+msgid "inconsistent header lines %d and %d"
+msgstr "Inkonsistente Kopfzeilen %d und %d."
+
+#: apply.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr "recount: unerwartete Zeile: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1542
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "Patch-Fragment ohne Kopfbereich bei Zeile %d: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1562
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Dem Kopfbereich von \"git diff\" fehlen Informationen zum Dateinamen, wenn "
+"%d vorangestellter Teil des Pfades entfernt wird (Zeile %d)"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Dem Kopfbereich von \"git diff\" fehlen Informationen zum Dateinamen, wenn "
+"%d vorangestellte Teile des Pfades entfernt werden (Zeile %d)"
+
+#: apply.c:1575
+#, c-format
+msgid "git diff header lacks filename information (line %d)"
+msgstr ""
+"Dem Kopfbereich von \"git diff\" fehlen Informationen zum Dateinamen (Zeile "
+"%d)"
+
+#: apply.c:1763
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr "neue Datei hängt von alten Inhalten ab"
+
+#: apply.c:1765
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr "entfernte Datei hat noch Inhalte"
+
+#: apply.c:1799
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr "fehlerhafter Patch bei Zeile %d"
+
+#: apply.c:1836
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr "neue Datei %s hängt von alten Inhalten ab"
+
+#: apply.c:1838
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr "entfernte Datei %s hat noch Inhalte"
+
+#: apply.c:1841
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr "** Warnung: Datei %s wird leer, aber nicht entfernt."
+
+#: apply.c:1988
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "fehlerhafter Binär-Patch bei Zeile %d: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:2025
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr "nicht erkannter Binär-Patch bei Zeile %d"
+
+#: apply.c:2185
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr "Patch mit nutzlosen Informationen bei Zeile %d"
+
+#: apply.c:2271
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr "konnte symbolische Verknüpfung %s nicht lesen"
+
+#: apply.c:2275
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr "konnte %s nicht öffnen oder lesen"
+
+#: apply.c:2934
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Zeilenanfang: '%c'"
+
+#: apply.c:3055
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] "Patch-Bereich #%d erfolgreich angewendet bei %d (%d Zeile versetzt)"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Patch-Bereich #%d erfolgreich angewendet bei %d (%d Zeilen versetzt)"
+
+#: apply.c:3067
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr "Kontext reduziert zu (%ld/%ld), um Patch-Bereich bei %d anzuwenden"
+
+#: apply.c:3073
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+"bei der Suche nach:\n"
+"%.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:3095
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr "keine Daten in Binär-Patch für '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3103
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot reverse-apply a binary patch without the reverse hunk to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"kann binären Patch nicht in umgekehrter Reihenfolge anwenden ohne einen\n"
+"umgekehrten Patch-Block auf '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3149
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot apply binary patch to '%s' without full index line"
+msgstr ""
+"kann binären Patch auf '%s' nicht ohne eine vollständige Index-Zeile anwenden"
+
+#: apply.c:3159
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the patch applies to '%s' (%s), which does not match the current contents."
+msgstr ""
+"der Patch wird angewendet auf '%s' (%s), was nicht den aktuellen Inhalten\n"
+"entspricht"
+
+#: apply.c:3167
+#, c-format
+msgid "the patch applies to an empty '%s' but it is not empty"
+msgstr "der Patch wird auf ein leeres '%s' angewendet, was aber nicht leer ist"
+
+#: apply.c:3185
+#, c-format
+msgid "the necessary postimage %s for '%s' cannot be read"
+msgstr "das erforderliche Postimage %s für '%s' kann nicht gelesen werden"
+
+#: apply.c:3198
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Binär-Patch nicht auf '%s' anwenden"
+
+#: apply.c:3204
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr ""
+"Binär-Patch für '%s' erzeugt falsches Ergebnis (erwartete %s, bekam %s)"
+
+#: apply.c:3225
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr "Anwendung des Patches fehlgeschlagen: %s:%ld"
+
+#: apply.c:3347
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgstr "kann %s nicht auschecken"
+
+#: apply.c:3396 apply.c:3407 apply.c:3453 setup.c:277
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Lesen von %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3404
+#, c-format
+msgid "reading from '%s' beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "'%s' ist hinter einer symbolischen Verknüpfung"
+
+#: apply.c:3433 apply.c:3673
+#, c-format
+msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr "Pfad %s wurde umbenannt/gelöscht"
+
+#: apply.c:3516 apply.c:3687
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr "%s ist nicht im Index"
+
+#: apply.c:3525 apply.c:3695
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr "%s entspricht nicht der Version im Index"
+
+#: apply.c:3560
+msgid "repository lacks the necessary blob to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Dem Repository fehlt der notwendige Blob, um auf einen 3-Wege-Merge\n"
+"zurückzufallen."
+
+#: apply.c:3563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Falling back to three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "Falle zurück auf 3-Wege-Merge ...\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3579 apply.c:3583
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read the current contents of '%s'"
+msgstr "kann aktuelle Inhalte von '%s' nicht lesen"
+
+#: apply.c:3595
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fall back on three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Zurückfallen auf 3-Wege-Merge...\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3609
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' with conflicts.\n"
+msgstr "Patch auf '%s' mit Konflikten angewendet.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3614
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' cleanly.\n"
+msgstr "Patch auf '%s' sauber angewendet.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3640
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr "Lösch-Patch hinterlässt Dateiinhalte"
+
+#: apply.c:3712
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr "%s: falscher Typ"
+
+#: apply.c:3714
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr "%s ist vom Typ %o, erwartete %o"
+
+#: apply.c:3864 apply.c:3866
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid path '%s'"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Pfad '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3922
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr "%s ist bereits bereitgestellt"
 
-#: archive.c:12
+#: apply.c:3925
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr "%s existiert bereits im Arbeitsverzeichnis"
+
+#: apply.c:3945
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr "neuer Modus (%o) von %s entspricht nicht dem alten Modus (%o)"
+
+#: apply.c:3950
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr "neuer Modus (%o) von %s entspricht nicht dem alten Modus (%o) von %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3970
+#, c-format
+msgid "affected file '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "betroffene Datei '%s' ist hinter einer symbolischen Verknüpfung"
+
+#: apply.c:3974
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr "%s: Patch konnte nicht angewendet werden"
+
+#: apply.c:3989
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr "Prüfe Patch %s ..."
+
+#: apply.c:4080
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless for submodule %s"
+msgstr "SHA-1 Information fehlt oder ist unbrauchbar für Submodul %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4087
+#, c-format
+msgid "mode change for %s, which is not in current HEAD"
+msgstr "Modusänderung für %s, was sich nicht im aktuellen HEAD befindet"
+
+#: apply.c:4090
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless (%s)."
+msgstr "SHA-1 Information fehlt oder ist unbrauchbar (%s)."
+
+#: apply.c:4095 builtin/checkout.c:235 builtin/reset.c:140
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "make_cache_entry für Pfad '%s' fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: apply.c:4099
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not add %s to temporary index"
+msgstr "konnte %s nicht zum temporären Index hinzufügen"
+
+#: apply.c:4109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write temporary index to %s"
+msgstr "konnte temporären Index nicht nach %s schreiben"
+
+#: apply.c:4247
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr "konnte %s nicht aus dem Index entfernen"
+
+#: apply.c:4282
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
+msgstr "fehlerhafter Patch für Submodul %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4288
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr "konnte neu erstellte Datei '%s' nicht lesen"
+
+#: apply.c:4296
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr "kann internen Speicher für eben erstellte Datei %s nicht erzeugen"
+
+#: apply.c:4302 apply.c:4446
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr "kann für %s keinen Eintrag in den Zwischenspeicher hinzufügen"
+
+#: apply.c:4343
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to write to '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben nach '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:4347
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr "schließe Datei '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:4417
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr "konnte Datei '%s' mit Modus %o nicht schreiben"
+
+#: apply.c:4515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr "Patch %s sauber angewendet"
+
+#: apply.c:4523
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr "interner Fehler"
+
+#: apply.c:4526
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] "Wende Patch %%s mit %d Zurückweisung an..."
+msgstr[1] "Wende Patch %%s mit %d Zurückweisungen an..."
+
+#: apply.c:4537
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr "Verkürze Name von .rej Datei zu %.*s.rej"
+
+#: apply.c:4545 builtin/fetch.c:775 builtin/fetch.c:1025
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s"
+msgstr "kann '%s' nicht öffnen"
+
+#: apply.c:4559
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr "Patch-Bereich #%d sauber angewendet."
+
+#: apply.c:4563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr "Patch-Block #%d zurückgewiesen."
+
+#: apply.c:4673
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped patch '%s'."
+msgstr "Patch '%s' ausgelassen."
+
+#: apply.c:4681
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr "nicht erkannte Eingabe"
+
+#: apply.c:4700
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr "Konnte Index-Datei nicht lesen"
+
+#: apply.c:4837
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s': %s"
+msgstr "kann Patch '%s' nicht öffnen: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4864
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] "unterdrückte %d Whitespace-Fehler"
+msgstr[1] "unterdrückte %d Whitespace-Fehler"
+
+#: apply.c:4870 apply.c:4885
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d Zeile fügt Whitespace-Fehler hinzu."
+msgstr[1] "%d Zeilen fügen Whitespace-Fehler hinzu."
+
+#: apply.c:4878
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d Zeile nach Behebung von Whitespace-Fehlern angewendet."
+msgstr[1] "%d Zeilen nach Behebung von Whitespace-Fehlern angewendet."
+
+#: apply.c:4894 builtin/add.c:539 builtin/mv.c:298 builtin/rm.c:390
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "Konnte neue Index-Datei nicht schreiben."
+
+#: apply.c:4921 apply.c:4924 builtin/am.c:2254 builtin/am.c:2257
+#: builtin/clone.c:118 builtin/fetch.c:127 builtin/pull.c:193
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:403 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1197
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1200 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1567
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1570 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1787
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "path"
+msgstr "Pfad"
+
+#: apply.c:4922
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "keine Änderungen im angegebenen Pfad anwenden"
+
+#: apply.c:4925
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "Änderungen nur im angegebenen Pfad anwenden"
+
+#: apply.c:4927 builtin/am.c:2263
+msgid "num"
+msgstr "Anzahl"
+
+#: apply.c:4928
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr ""
+"<Anzahl> vorangestellte Schrägstriche von herkömmlichen Differenzpfaden "
+"entfernen"
+
+#: apply.c:4931
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr "hinzugefügte Zeilen des Patches ignorieren"
+
+#: apply.c:4933
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr ""
+"anstatt der Anwendung des Patches, den \"diffstat\" für die Eingabe "
+"ausgegeben"
+
+#: apply.c:4937
+msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr ""
+"die Anzahl von hinzugefügten/entfernten Zeilen in Dezimalnotation anzeigen"
+
+#: apply.c:4939
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr ""
+"anstatt der Anwendung des Patches, eine Zusammenfassung für die Eingabe "
+"ausgeben"
+
+#: apply.c:4941
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr ""
+"anstatt der Anwendung des Patches, zeige ob Patch angewendet werden kann"
+
+#: apply.c:4943
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr ""
+"sicherstellen, dass der Patch mit dem aktuellen Index angewendet werden kann"
+
+#: apply.c:4945
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr "Patch anwenden, ohne Änderungen im Arbeitsverzeichnis vorzunehmen"
+
+#: apply.c:4947
+msgid "accept a patch that touches outside the working area"
+msgstr ""
+"Patch anwenden, der Änderungen außerhalb des Arbeitsverzeichnisses vornimmt"
+
+#: apply.c:4950
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr "Patch anwenden (Benutzung mit --stat/--summary/--check)"
+
+#: apply.c:4952
+msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+msgstr "versuche 3-Wege-Merge, wenn der Patch nicht angewendet werden konnte"
+
+#: apply.c:4954
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr ""
+"einen temporären Index, basierend auf den integrierten Index-Informationen, "
+"erstellen"
+
+#: apply.c:4957 builtin/checkout-index.c:168 builtin/ls-files.c:515
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr "Pfade sind getrennt durch NUL Zeichen"
+
+#: apply.c:4959
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr ""
+"sicher stellen, dass mindestens <n> Zeilen des Kontextes übereinstimmen"
+
+#: apply.c:4960 builtin/am.c:2242 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:95
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:97 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:99
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3035
+msgid "action"
+msgstr "Aktion"
+
+#: apply.c:4961
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr "neue oder geänderte Zeilen, die Whitespace-Fehler haben, ermitteln"
+
+#: apply.c:4964 apply.c:4967
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr "Änderungen im Whitespace bei der Suche des Kontextes ignorieren"
+
+#: apply.c:4970
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr "den Patch in umgekehrter Reihenfolge anwenden"
+
+#: apply.c:4972
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr "keinen Kontext erwarten"
+
+#: apply.c:4974
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr ""
+"zurückgewiesene Patch-Blöcke in entsprechenden *.rej Dateien hinterlassen"
+
+#: apply.c:4976
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr "sich überlappende Patch-Blöcke erlauben"
+
+#: apply.c:4977 builtin/add.c:292 builtin/check-ignore.c:21
+#: builtin/commit.c:1276 builtin/count-objects.c:96 builtin/fsck.c:665
+#: builtin/log.c:1901 builtin/mv.c:123 builtin/read-tree.c:125
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr "erweiterte Ausgaben"
+
+#: apply.c:4979
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr "fehlerhaft erkannten fehlenden Zeilenumbruch am Dateiende tolerieren"
+
+#: apply.c:4982
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr "den Zeilennummern im Kopf des Patch-Blocks nicht vertrauen"
+
+#: apply.c:4984 builtin/am.c:2251
+msgid "root"
+msgstr "Wurzelverzeichnis"
+
+#: apply.c:4985
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr "<Wurzelverzeichnis> vor alle Dateinamen stellen"
+
+#: archive.c:13
+msgid "git archive [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git archive [<Optionen>] <Commit-Referenz> [<Pfad>...]"
+
+#: archive.c:14
 msgid "git archive --list"
 msgstr "git archive --list"
 
-#: archive.c:13
+#: archive.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git archive --remote <Repository> [--exec <Programm>] [Optionen] <Commit-"
-"Referenz> [Pfad...]"
+"git archive --remote <Repository> [--exec <Programm>] [<Optionen>] <Commit-"
+"Referenz> [<Pfad>...]"
 
-#: archive.c:14
+#: archive.c:16
 msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
 msgstr "git archive --remote <Repository> [--exec <Programm>] --list"
 
-#: archive.c:342 builtin/add.c:137 builtin/add.c:427 builtin/rm.c:328
+#: archive.c:351 builtin/add.c:176 builtin/add.c:515 builtin/rm.c:299
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
 msgstr "Pfadspezifikation '%s' stimmt mit keinen Dateien überein"
 
-#: archive.c:427
+#: archive.c:436
 msgid "fmt"
 msgstr "Format"
 
-#: archive.c:427
+#: archive.c:436
 msgid "archive format"
 msgstr "Archivformat"
 
-#: archive.c:428 builtin/log.c:1204
+#: archive.c:437 builtin/log.c:1462
 msgid "prefix"
 msgstr "Präfix"
 
-#: archive.c:429
+#: archive.c:438
 msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
 msgstr "einen Präfix vor jeden Pfadnamen in dem Archiv stellen"
 
-#: archive.c:430 builtin/archive.c:88 builtin/blame.c:2517
-#: builtin/blame.c:2518 builtin/config.c:57 builtin/fast-export.c:986
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:988 builtin/grep.c:712 builtin/hash-object.c:101
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:489 builtin/ls-files.c:492 builtin/notes.c:394
-#: builtin/notes.c:557 builtin/read-tree.c:109 parse-options.h:151
+#: archive.c:439 builtin/blame.c:702 builtin/blame.c:703 builtin/config.c:62
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1005 builtin/fast-export.c:1007 builtin/grep.c:869
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103 builtin/ls-files.c:551 builtin/ls-files.c:554
+#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:568 builtin/read-tree.c:120
+#: parse-options.h:165
 msgid "file"
 msgstr "Datei"
 
-#: archive.c:431 builtin/archive.c:89
+#: archive.c:440 builtin/archive.c:89
 msgid "write the archive to this file"
 msgstr "das Archiv in diese Datei schreiben"
 
-#: archive.c:433
+#: archive.c:442
 msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
 msgstr ".gitattributes aus dem Arbeitsverzeichnis lesen"
 
-#: archive.c:434
+#: archive.c:443
 msgid "report archived files on stderr"
 msgstr "archivierte Dateien in der Standard-Fehlerausgabe ausgeben"
 
-#: archive.c:435
+#: archive.c:444
 msgid "store only"
 msgstr "nur speichern"
 
-#: archive.c:436
+#: archive.c:445
 msgid "compress faster"
 msgstr "schneller komprimieren"
 
-#: archive.c:444
+#: archive.c:453
 msgid "compress better"
 msgstr "besser komprimieren"
 
-#: archive.c:447
+#: archive.c:456
 msgid "list supported archive formats"
 msgstr "unterstützte Archivformate auflisten"
 
-#: archive.c:449 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:86
+#: archive.c:458 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:108 builtin/clone.c:111
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1209 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1576
 msgid "repo"
 msgstr "Repository"
 
-#: archive.c:450 builtin/archive.c:91
+#: archive.c:459 builtin/archive.c:91
 msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
 msgstr "Archiv vom Remote-Repository <Repository> abrufen"
 
-#: archive.c:451 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:478
+#: archive.c:460 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:489
 msgid "command"
 msgstr "Programm"
 
-#: archive.c:452 builtin/archive.c:93
+#: archive.c:461 builtin/archive.c:93
 msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
 msgstr "Pfad zum externen \"git-upload-archive\"-Programm"
 
-#: attr.c:258
+#: archive.c:468
+msgid "Unexpected option --remote"
+msgstr "Unerwartete Option --remote"
+
+#: archive.c:470
+msgid "Option --exec can only be used together with --remote"
+msgstr "Die Option --exec kann nur zusammen mit --remote verwendet werden."
+
+#: archive.c:472
+msgid "Unexpected option --output"
+msgstr "Unerwartete Option --output"
+
+#: archive.c:494
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown archive format '%s'"
+msgstr "Unbekanntes Archivformat '%s'"
+
+#: archive.c:501
+#, c-format
+msgid "Argument not supported for format '%s': -%d"
+msgstr "Argument für Format '%s' nicht unterstützt: -%d"
+
+#: attr.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "%.*s is not a valid attribute name"
+msgstr "%.*s ist kein gültiger Attributname"
+
+#: attr.c:415
 msgid ""
 "Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
 "Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
@@ -131,87 +890,263 @@ msgstr ""
 "Verneinende Muster werden in Git-Attributen ignoriert.\n"
 "Benutzen Sie '\\!' für führende Ausrufezeichen."
 
-#: branch.c:60
+#: bisect.c:460
 #, c-format
-msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
-msgstr "Branch %s kann nicht sein eigener Upstream-Branch sein."
+msgid "Badly quoted content in file '%s': %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Inhalt bzgl. Anführungsstriche in Datei '%s': %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "We cannot bisect more!\n"
+msgstr "Keine binäre Suche mehr möglich!\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:722
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid commit name %s"
+msgstr "%s ist kein gültiger Commit-Name"
+
+#: bisect.c:746
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is bad.\n"
+"This means the bug has been fixed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Merge-Basis %s ist fehlerhaft.\n"
+"Das bedeutet, der Fehler wurde zwischen %s und [%s] behoben.\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:751
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is new.\n"
+"The property has changed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Merge-Basis %s ist neu.\n"
+"Das bedeutet, die Eigenschaft hat sich zwischen %s und [%s] geändert.\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:756
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is %s.\n"
+"This means the first '%s' commit is between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Merge-Basis %s ist %s.\n"
+"Das bedeutet, der erste '%s' Commit befindet sich zwischen %s und [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:764
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Some %s revs are not ancestors of the %s rev.\n"
+"git bisect cannot work properly in this case.\n"
+"Maybe you mistook %s and %s revs?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Manche %s Commits sind keine Vorgänger des %s Commits.\n"
+"git bisect kann in diesem Fall nicht richtig arbeiten.\n"
+"Vielleicht verwechselten Sie %s und %s Commits?\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:777
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the merge base between %s and [%s] must be skipped.\n"
+"So we cannot be sure the first %s commit is between %s and %s.\n"
+"We continue anyway."
+msgstr ""
+"Die Merge-Basis zwischen %s und [%s] muss ausgelassen werden.\n"
+"Es kann daher nicht sichergestellt werden, dass sich der\n"
+"erste %s Commit zwischen %s und %s befindet.\n"
+"Es wird dennoch fortgesetzt."
+
+#: bisect.c:810
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: a merge base must be tested\n"
+msgstr "binäre Suche: eine Merge-Basis muss geprüft werden\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:850
+#, c-format
+msgid "a %s revision is needed"
+msgstr "ein %s Commit wird benötigt"
+
+#: bisect.c:869 builtin/notes.c:175 builtin/tag.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr "konnte Datei '%s' nicht erstellen"
+
+#: bisect.c:920
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read file '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Datei '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: branch.c:83
+#: bisect.c:950
+msgid "reading bisect refs failed"
+msgstr "Lesen von Referenzen für binäre Suche fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: bisect.c:969
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s was both %s and %s\n"
+msgstr "%s war sowohl %s als auch %s\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:977
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No testable commit found.\n"
+"Maybe you started with bad path parameters?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kein testbarer Commit gefunden.\n"
+"Vielleicht starteten Sie mit falschen Pfad-Parametern?\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:996
+#, c-format
+msgid "(roughly %d step)"
+msgid_plural "(roughly %d steps)"
+msgstr[0] "(ungefähr %d Schritt)"
+msgstr[1] "(ungefähr %d Schritte)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the last %s will be replaced with "(roughly %d
+#. steps)" translation.
+#.
+#: bisect.c:1002
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing."
+msgid "Bisecting: %d revision left to test after this %s\n"
+msgid_plural "Bisecting: %d revisions left to test after this %s\n"
+msgstr[0] "binäre Suche: danach noch %d Commit zum Testen übrig %s\n"
+msgstr[1] "binäre Suche: danach noch %d Commits zum Testen übrig %s\n"
+
+#: blame.c:1758
+msgid "--contents and --reverse do not blend well."
+msgstr "--contents und --reverse funktionieren gemeinsam nicht."
+
+#: blame.c:1769
+msgid "cannot use --contents with final commit object name"
+msgstr ""
+"kann --contents nicht mit endgültigem Namen des Commit-Objektes benutzen"
+
+#: blame.c:1789
+msgid "--reverse and --first-parent together require specified latest commit"
+msgstr ""
+"--reverse und --first-parent zusammen erfordern die Angabe eines "
+"endgültigen\n"
+"Commits"
+
+#: blame.c:1798 bundle.c:160 ref-filter.c:1978 sequencer.c:1699
+#: sequencer.c:2901 builtin/commit.c:976 builtin/log.c:366 builtin/log.c:920
+#: builtin/log.c:1371 builtin/log.c:1702 builtin/log.c:1950 builtin/merge.c:370
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:191
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr "Einrichtung des Revisionsgangs fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: blame.c:1816
+msgid ""
+"--reverse --first-parent together require range along first-parent chain"
 msgstr ""
-"Branch %s konfiguriert zum Folgen von Remote-Branch %s von %s durch Rebase."
+"--reverse und --first-parent zusammen erfordern einen Bereich entlang der\n"
+"\"first-parent\"-Kette"
+
+#: blame.c:1827
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such path %s in %s"
+msgstr "Pfad %s nicht in %s"
+
+#: blame.c:1838
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read blob %s for path %s"
+msgstr "kann Blob %s für Pfad '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: branch.c:84
+#: branch.c:53
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s."
-msgstr "Branch %s konfiguriert zum Folgen von Remote-Branch %s von %s."
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"After fixing the error cause you may try to fix up\n"
+"the remote tracking information by invoking\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Nachdem Sie die Fehlerursache behoben haben, können Sie\n"
+"die Tracking-Informationen mit\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"\n"
+"erneut setzen."
 
-#: branch.c:88
+#: branch.c:67
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing."
-msgstr "Branch %s konfiguriert zum Folgen von lokalem Branch %s durch Rebase."
+msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
+msgstr "Branch %s kann nicht sein eigener Upstream-Branch sein."
 
-#: branch.c:89
+#: branch.c:93
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s."
-msgstr "Branch %s konfiguriert zum Folgen von lokalem Branch %s."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr "Branch '%s' folgt nun Remote-Branch '%s' von '%s' durch Rebase."
 
 #: branch.c:94
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing."
-msgstr "Branch %s konfiguriert zum Folgen von Remote-Referenz %s durch Rebase."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s'."
+msgstr "Branch '%s' folgt nun Remote-Branch '%s' von '%s'."
 
-#: branch.c:95
+#: branch.c:98
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s."
-msgstr "Branch %s konfiguriert zum Folgen von Remote-Referenz %s."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr "Branch '%s' folgt nun lokalem Branch '%s' durch Rebase."
 
 #: branch.c:99
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing."
-msgstr ""
-"Branch %s konfiguriert zum Folgen von lokaler Referenz %s durch Rebase."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Branch '%s' folgt nun lokalem Branch '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:104
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr "Branch '%s' folgt nun Remote-Referenz '%s' durch Rebase."
+
+#: branch.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s'."
+msgstr "Branch '%s' folgt nun Remote-Referenz '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr "Branch '%s' folgt nun lokaler Referenz '%s' durch Rebase."
 
-#: branch.c:100
+#: branch.c:110
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s."
-msgstr "Branch %s konfiguriert zum Folgen von lokaler Referenz %s."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s'."
+msgstr "Branch '%s' folgt nun lokaler Referenz '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:119
+msgid "Unable to write upstream branch configuration"
+msgstr "Konnte Konfiguration zu Upstream-Branch nicht schreiben."
 
-#: branch.c:133
+#: branch.c:156
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"
 msgstr ""
 "Konfiguration zum Folgen von Branch nicht eingerichtet. Referenz %s ist "
 "mehrdeutig."
 
-#: branch.c:162
+#: branch.c:189
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid branch name."
 msgstr "'%s' ist kein gültiger Branchname."
 
-#: branch.c:167
+#: branch.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "Branch '%s' existiert bereits."
 
-#: branch.c:175
+#: branch.c:213
 msgid "Cannot force update the current branch."
 msgstr "Kann Aktualisierung des aktuellen Branches nicht erzwingen."
 
-#: branch.c:195
+#: branch.c:233
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch."
 msgstr ""
 "Kann Tracking-Informationen nicht einrichten; Startpunkt '%s' ist kein "
 "Branch."
 
-#: branch.c:197
+#: branch.c:235
 #, c-format
 msgid "the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "der angeforderte Upstream-Branch '%s' existiert nicht"
 
-#: branch.c:199
+#: branch.c:237
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
@@ -232,32 +1167,42 @@ msgstr ""
 "\"git push -u\" verwenden, um den Upstream-Branch beim \"push\"\n"
 "zu konfigurieren."
 
-#: branch.c:243
+#: branch.c:280
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'."
 msgstr "Ungültiger Objekt-Name: '%s'"
 
-#: branch.c:263
+#: branch.c:300
 #, c-format
 msgid "Ambiguous object name: '%s'."
 msgstr "mehrdeutiger Objekt-Name: '%s'"
 
-#: branch.c:268
+#: branch.c:305
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid branch point: '%s'."
 msgstr "Ungültiger Branchpunkt: '%s'"
 
+#: branch.c:359
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' ist bereits in '%s' ausgecheckt"
+
+#: branch.c:382
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD of working tree %s is not updated"
+msgstr "HEAD des Arbeitsverzeichnisses %s ist nicht aktualisiert."
+
 #: bundle.c:34
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
 msgstr "'%s' sieht nicht wie eine v2 Paketdatei aus"
 
-#: bundle.c:61
+#: bundle.c:62
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
 msgstr "nicht erkannter Kopfbereich: %s%s (%d)"
 
-#: bundle.c:87 builtin/commit.c:770
+#: bundle.c:88 sequencer.c:1879 sequencer.c:2337 builtin/commit.c:750
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht öffnen"
@@ -266,32 +1211,25 @@ msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht öffnen"
 msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
 msgstr "Dem Repository fehlen folgende vorausgesetzte Commits:"
 
-#: bundle.c:163 sequencer.c:645 sequencer.c:1100 builtin/blame.c:2706
-#: builtin/branch.c:652 builtin/commit.c:1049 builtin/log.c:330
-#: builtin/log.c:823 builtin/log.c:1432 builtin/log.c:1669 builtin/merge.c:358
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:158
-msgid "revision walk setup failed"
-msgstr "Einrichtung des Revisionsgangs fehlgeschlagen"
-
-#: bundle.c:185
+#: bundle.c:190
 #, c-format
 msgid "The bundle contains this ref:"
 msgid_plural "The bundle contains these %d refs:"
 msgstr[0] "Das Paket enthält diese Referenz:"
 msgstr[1] "Das Paket enthält diese %d Referenzen:"
 
-#: bundle.c:192
+#: bundle.c:197
 msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
 msgstr "Das Paket speichert eine komplette Historie."
 
-#: bundle.c:194
+#: bundle.c:199
 #, c-format
 msgid "The bundle requires this ref:"
 msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs:"
 msgstr[0] "Das Paket benötigt diese Referenz:"
 msgstr[1] "Das Paket benötigt diese %d Referenzen:"
 
-#: bundle.c:251
+#: bundle.c:258
 msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
 msgstr "Konnte Paketobjekte nicht erstellen"
 
@@ -299,217 +1237,407 @@ msgstr "Konnte Paketobjekte nicht erstellen"
 msgid "pack-objects died"
 msgstr "Erstellung der Paketobjekte abgebrochen"
 
-#: bundle.c:309
+#: bundle.c:311
 msgid "rev-list died"
 msgstr "\"rev-list\" abgebrochen"
 
-#: bundle.c:358
+#: bundle.c:360
 #, c-format
 msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
 msgstr "Referenz '%s' wird durch \"rev-list\" Optionen ausgeschlossen"
 
-#: bundle.c:438 builtin/log.c:153 builtin/log.c:1342 builtin/shortlog.c:261
+#: bundle.c:450 builtin/log.c:183 builtin/log.c:1607 builtin/shortlog.c:296
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
 msgstr "nicht erkanntes Argument: %s"
 
-#: bundle.c:444
+#: bundle.c:458
 msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
 msgstr "Erstellung eines leeren Pakets zurückgewiesen."
 
-#: bundle.c:454
+#: bundle.c:470
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot create '%s'"
 msgstr "kann '%s' nicht erstellen"
 
-#: bundle.c:475
+#: bundle.c:498
 msgid "index-pack died"
 msgstr "Erstellung der Paketindexdatei abgebrochen"
 
-#: color.c:260
+#: color.c:296
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid color value: %.*s"
 msgstr "Ungültiger Farbwert: %.*s"
 
-#: commit.c:40
+#: commit.c:41 sequencer.c:2141 builtin/am.c:421 builtin/am.c:465
+#: builtin/am.c:1436 builtin/am.c:2072
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not parse %s"
 msgstr "konnte %s nicht parsen"
 
-#: commit.c:42
+#: commit.c:43
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
 msgstr "%s %s ist kein Commit!"
 
-#: compat/obstack.c:406 compat/obstack.c:408
+#: commit.c:1506
+msgid ""
+"Warning: commit message did not conform to UTF-8.\n"
+"You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
+"variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Warnung: Die Commit-Beschreibung ist nicht UTF-8 konform.\n"
+"Sie können das nachbessern, nachdem Sie die Beschreibung korrigiert haben,\n"
+"oder Sie setzen die Konfigurationsvariable i18n.commitencoding auf das "
+"Encoding,\n"
+"welches von ihrem Projekt verwendet wird.\n"
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:405 compat/obstack.c:407
 msgid "memory exhausted"
 msgstr "Speicher verbraucht"
 
-#: config.c:469 config.c:471
+#: config.c:186
+msgid "relative config include conditionals must come from files"
+msgstr ""
+"Bedingungen für das Einbinden von Konfigurationen aus relativen Pfaden "
+"müssen\n"
+"aus Dateien kommen."
+
+#: config.c:720
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad config file line %d in %s"
-msgstr "Zeile %d in Konfigurationsdatei %s ist ungültig."
+msgid "bad config line %d in blob %s"
+msgstr "Ungültige Konfigurationszeile %d in Blob %s"
 
-#: config.c:587
+#: config.c:724
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
-msgstr "Ungültiger numerischer Wert '%s' für Konfiguration '%s' in %s: %s"
+msgid "bad config line %d in file %s"
+msgstr "Ungültige Konfigurationszeile %d in Datei %s"
+
+#: config.c:728
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in standard input"
+msgstr "Ungültige Konfigurationszeile %d in Standard-Eingabe"
+
+#: config.c:732
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in submodule-blob %s"
+msgstr "Ungültige Konfigurationszeile %d in Submodul-Blob %s"
 
-#: config.c:589
+#: config.c:736
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in command line %s"
+msgstr "Ungültige Konfigurationszeile %d in Kommandozeile %s"
+
+#: config.c:740
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in %s"
+msgstr "Ungültige Konfigurationszeile %d in %s"
+
+#: config.c:868
+msgid "out of range"
+msgstr "Außerhalb des Bereichs"
+
+#: config.c:868
+msgid "invalid unit"
+msgstr "Ungültige Einheit"
+
+#: config.c:874
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': %s"
 msgstr "Ungültiger numerischer Wert '%s' für Konfiguration '%s': %s"
 
-#: config.c:674
+#: config.c:879
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in blob %s: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiger numerischer Wert '%s' für Konfiguration '%s' in Blob %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:882
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in file %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Ungültiger numerischer Wert '%s' für Konfiguration '%s' in Datei %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:885
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in standard input: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Ungültiger numerischer Wert '%s' für Konfiguration '%s' in Standard-Eingabe: "
+"%s"
+
+#: config.c:888
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in submodule-blob %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Ungültiger numerischer Wert '%s' für Konfiguration '%s' in Submodul-Blob %s: "
+"%s"
+
+#: config.c:891
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in command line %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Ungültiger numerischer Wert '%s' für Konfiguration '%s' in Befehlszeile %s: "
+"%s"
+
+#: config.c:894
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiger numerischer Wert '%s' für Konfiguration '%s' in %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:989
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to expand user dir in: '%s'"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Erweitern des Nutzerverzeichnisses in: '%s'"
 
-#: config.c:752 config.c:763
+#: config.c:998
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
+msgstr "'%s' ist kein gültiger Zeitstempel für '%s'"
+
+#: config.c:1094 config.c:1105
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad zlib compression level %d"
 msgstr "ungültiger zlib Komprimierungsgrad %d"
 
-#: config.c:885
+#: config.c:1225
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid mode for object creation: %s"
 msgstr "Ungültiger Modus für Objekterstellung: %s"
 
-#: config.c:1211
+#: config.c:1386
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack compression level %d"
+msgstr "ungültiger Komprimierungsgrad (%d) für Paketierung"
+
+#: config.c:1582
 msgid "unable to parse command-line config"
 msgstr ""
-"Konnte die über die Kommandozeile angegebene Konfiguration nicht parsen."
+"Konnte die über die Befehlszeile angegebene Konfiguration nicht parsen."
 
-#: config.c:1272
-msgid "unknown error occured while reading the configuration files"
+#: config.c:1914
+msgid "unknown error occurred while reading the configuration files"
 msgstr ""
 "Es trat ein unbekannter Fehler beim Lesen der Konfigurationsdateien auf."
 
-#: config.c:1596
+#: config.c:2101
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "Ungültiger %s: '%s'"
+
+#: config.c:2144
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown core.untrackedCache value '%s'; using 'keep' default value"
+msgstr ""
+"Unbekannter Wert '%s' in core.untrackedCache; benutze Standardwert 'keep'"
+
+#: config.c:2170
+#, c-format
+msgid "splitIndex.maxPercentChange value '%d' should be between 0 and 100"
+msgstr ""
+"Der Wert '%d' von splitIndex.maxPercentChange sollte zwischen 0 und 100 "
+"liegen."
+
+#: config.c:2195
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse '%s' from command-line config"
 msgstr ""
-"Konnte Wert '%s' aus der über die Kommandozeile angegebenen\n"
-"Konfiguration nicht parsen."
+"Konnte Wert '%s' aus der über die Befehlszeile angegebenen Konfiguration\n"
+"nicht parsen."
 
-#: config.c:1598
+#: config.c:2197
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad config variable '%s' in file '%s' at line %d"
 msgstr "ungültige Konfigurationsvariable '%s' in Datei '%s' bei Zeile %d"
 
-#: config.c:1657
+#: config.c:2256
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s has multiple values"
 msgstr "%s hat mehrere Werte"
 
-#: connected.c:69
+#: config.c:2599 config.c:2816
+#, c-format
+msgid "fstat on %s failed"
+msgstr "fstat auf %s fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: config.c:2706
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not set '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht zu '%s' setzen."
+
+#: config.c:2708 builtin/remote.c:776
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not unset '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht aufheben."
+
+#: connect.c:52
+msgid "The remote end hung up upon initial contact"
+msgstr "Die Gegenseite hat nach dem ersten Kontakt abgebrochen."
+
+#: connect.c:54
+msgid ""
+"Could not read from remote repository.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please make sure you have the correct access rights\n"
+"and the repository exists."
+msgstr ""
+"Konnte nicht vom Remote-Repository lesen.\n"
+"\n"
+"Bitte stellen Sie sicher, dass die korrekten Zugriffsberechtigungen "
+"bestehen\n"
+"und das Repository existiert."
+
+#: connected.c:66 builtin/fsck.c:198 builtin/prune.c:144
+msgid "Checking connectivity"
+msgstr "Prüfe Konnektivität"
+
+#: connected.c:78
 msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
 msgstr "Konnte 'git rev-list' nicht ausführen"
 
-#: connected.c:89
+#: connected.c:98
+msgid "failed write to rev-list"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben nach rev-list"
+
+#: connected.c:105
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Schließen von rev-list's Standard-Eingabe"
+
+#: convert.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "CRLF would be replaced by LF in %s."
+msgstr "CRLF würde in %s durch LF ersetzt werden."
+
+#: convert.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CRLF will be replaced by LF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"CRLF wird in %s durch LF ersetzt.\n"
+"Die Datei wird ihre ursprünglichen Zeilenenden im Arbeitsverzeichnis "
+"behalten."
+
+#: convert.c:215
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
-msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben nach rev-list: %s"
+msgid "LF would be replaced by CRLF in %s"
+msgstr "LF würde in %s durch CRLF ersetzt werden."
 
-#: connected.c:97
+#: convert.c:217
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
-msgstr "Fehler beim Schließen von rev-list's Standard-Eingabe: %s"
+msgid ""
+"LF will be replaced by CRLF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"LF wird in %s durch CRLF ersetzt.\n"
+"Die Datei wird ihre ursprünglichen Zeilenenden im Arbeitsverzeichnis "
+"behalten."
 
-#: date.c:95
+#: date.c:116
 msgid "in the future"
 msgstr "in der Zukunft"
 
-#: date.c:101
+#: date.c:122
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu second ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu seconds ago"
-msgstr[0] "vor %lu Sekunde"
-msgstr[1] "vor %lu Sekunden"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> second ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> seconds ago"
+msgstr[0] "vor %<PRIuMAX> Sekunde"
+msgstr[1] "vor %<PRIuMAX> Sekunden"
 
-#: date.c:108
+#: date.c:129
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu minute ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu minutes ago"
-msgstr[0] "vor %lu Minute"
-msgstr[1] "vor %lu Minuten"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> minutes ago"
+msgstr[0] "vor %<PRIuMAX> Minute"
+msgstr[1] "vor %<PRIuMAX> Minuten"
 
-#: date.c:115
+#: date.c:136
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu hour ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu hours ago"
-msgstr[0] "vor %lu Stunde"
-msgstr[1] "vor %lu Stunden"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> hours ago"
+msgstr[0] "vor %<PRIuMAX> Stunde"
+msgstr[1] "vor %<PRIuMAX> Stunden"
 
-#: date.c:122
+#: date.c:143
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu day ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu days ago"
-msgstr[0] "vor %lu Tag"
-msgstr[1] "vor %lu Tagen"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> day ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> days ago"
+msgstr[0] "vor %<PRIuMAX> Tag"
+msgstr[1] "vor %<PRIuMAX> Tagen"
 
-#: date.c:128
+#: date.c:149
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu week ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu weeks ago"
-msgstr[0] "vor %lu Woche"
-msgstr[1] "vor %lu Wochen"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> week ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> weeks ago"
+msgstr[0] "vor %<PRIuMAX> Woche"
+msgstr[1] "vor %<PRIuMAX> Wochen"
 
-#: date.c:135
+#: date.c:156
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu month ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu months ago"
-msgstr[0] "vor %lu Monat"
-msgstr[1] "vor %lu Monaten"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "vor %<PRIuMAX> Monat"
+msgstr[1] "vor %<PRIuMAX> Monaten"
 
-#: date.c:146
+#: date.c:167
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu year"
-msgid_plural "%lu years"
-msgstr[0] "vor %lu Jahr"
-msgstr[1] "vor %lu Jahren"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years"
+msgstr[0] "vor %<PRIuMAX> Jahr"
+msgstr[1] "vor %<PRIuMAX> Jahren"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: "%s" is "<n> years"
-#: date.c:149
+#: date.c:170
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s, %lu month ago"
-msgid_plural "%s, %lu months ago"
-msgstr[0] "%s, und %lu Monat"
-msgstr[1] "%s, und %lu Monaten"
+msgid "%s, %<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%s, und %<PRIuMAX> Monat"
+msgstr[1] "%s, und %<PRIuMAX> Monaten"
 
-#: date.c:154 date.c:159
+#: date.c:175 date.c:180
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu year ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
-msgstr[0] "vor %lu Jahr"
-msgstr[1] "vor %lu Jahren"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years ago"
+msgstr[0] "vor %<PRIuMAX> Jahr"
+msgstr[1] "vor %<PRIuMAX> Jahren"
 
 #: diffcore-order.c:24
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to read orderfile '%s'"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Lesen der Reihenfolgedatei '%s'."
 
-#: diffcore-rename.c:516
+#: diffcore-rename.c:535
 msgid "Performing inexact rename detection"
 msgstr "Führe Erkennung für ungenaue Umbenennung aus"
 
-#: diff.c:114
+#: diff.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' requires a value"
+msgstr "Option '%s' erfordert einen Wert."
+
+#: diff.c:152
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 "  Fehler beim Parsen des abgeschnittenen \"dirstat\" Prozentsatzes '%s'\n"
 
-#: diff.c:119
+#: diff.c:157
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
 msgstr "  Unbekannter \"dirstat\" Parameter '%s'\n"
 
-#: diff.c:214
+#: diff.c:281
+msgid ""
+"color moved setting must be one of 'no', 'default', 'zebra', 'dimmed_zebra', "
+"'plain'"
+msgstr ""
+"\"color moved\"-Einstellung muss eines von diesen sein: 'no', 'default', "
+"'zebra', 'dimmed_zebra', 'plain'"
+
+#: diff.c:341
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
 msgstr "Unbekannter Wert in Konfigurationsvariable 'diff.dirstat': '%s'"
 
-#: diff.c:266
+#: diff.c:401
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
@@ -518,16 +1646,25 @@ msgstr ""
 "Fehler in 'diff.dirstat' Konfigurationsvariable gefunden:\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:2957
+#: diff.c:3822
 #, c-format
 msgid "external diff died, stopping at %s"
 msgstr "externes Diff-Programm unerwartet beendet, angehalten bei %s"
 
-#: diff.c:3352
+#: diff.c:4146
+msgid "--name-only, --name-status, --check and -s are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr ""
+"--name-only, --name-status, --check und -s schließen sich gegenseitig aus"
+
+#: diff.c:4149
+msgid "-G, -S and --find-object are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-G, -S und --find-object schließen sich gegenseitig aus"
+
+#: diff.c:4237
 msgid "--follow requires exactly one pathspec"
 msgstr "--follow erfordert genau eine Pfadspezifikation"
 
-#: diff.c:3515
+#: diff.c:4403
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
@@ -536,94 +1673,363 @@ msgstr ""
 "Fehler beim Parsen des --dirstat/-X Optionsparameters:\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:3529
+#: diff.c:4417
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Parsen des --submodule Optionsparameters: '%s'"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:129 gpg-interface.c:200
-msgid "could not run gpg."
-msgstr "konnte gpg nicht ausführen"
+#: diff.c:5493
+msgid "inexact rename detection was skipped due to too many files."
+msgstr ""
+"Ungenaue Erkennung für Umbenennungen wurde aufgrund zu vieler Dateien\n"
+"übersprungen."
+
+#: diff.c:5496
+msgid "only found copies from modified paths due to too many files."
+msgstr "nur Kopien von geänderten Pfaden, aufgrund zu vieler Dateien, gefunden"
+
+#: diff.c:5499
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you may want to set your %s variable to at least %d and retry the command."
+msgstr ""
+"Sie könnten die Variable %s auf mindestens %d setzen und den Befehl\n"
+"erneut versuchen."
+
+#: dir.c:1866
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open directory '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Verzeichnis '%s' nicht öffnen."
+
+#: dir.c:2108
+msgid "failed to get kernel name and information"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Sammeln von Namen und Informationen zum Kernel"
+
+#: dir.c:2232
+msgid "Untracked cache is disabled on this system or location."
+msgstr ""
+"Cache für unversionierte Dateien ist auf diesem System oder\n"
+"für dieses Verzeichnis deaktiviert."
+
+#: dir.c:3024 dir.c:3029
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directories for %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Verzeichnisse für '%s' nicht erstellen."
+
+#: dir.c:3054
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not migrate git directory from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Git-Verzeichnis nicht von '%s' nach '%s' migrieren."
+
+#: editor.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: Waiting for your editor to close the file...%c"
+msgstr "Hinweis: Warte auf das Schließen der Datei durch Ihren Editor...%c"
+
+#: entry.c:177
+msgid "Filtering content"
+msgstr "Filtere Inhalt"
+
+#: entry.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat file '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Datei '%s' nicht lesen."
+
+#: fetch-object.c:17
+msgid "Remote with no URL"
+msgstr "Remote-Repository ohne URL"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:253
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected shallow list"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: erwartete shallow-Liste"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:265
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: ACK/NAK erwartet, Flush-Paket bekommen"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:284 builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr "Fehler am anderen Ende: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:285
+#, c-format
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: ACK/NAK erwartet, '%s' bekommen"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:337
+msgid "--stateless-rpc requires multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "--stateless-rpc benötigt multi_ack_detailed"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:428
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid shallow line: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültige shallow-Zeile: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:434
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid unshallow line: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültige unshallow-Zeile: %s"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:141
-msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
-msgstr "gpg hat die Daten nicht akzeptiert"
+#: fetch-pack.c:436
+#, c-format
+msgid "object not found: %s"
+msgstr "Objekt nicht gefunden: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:439
+#, c-format
+msgid "error in object: %s"
+msgstr "Fehler in Objekt: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "no shallow found: %s"
+msgstr "Kein shallow-Objekt gefunden: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected shallow/unshallow, got %s"
+msgstr "shallow/unshallow erwartet, %s bekommen"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:152
+#: fetch-pack.c:485
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s %d %s"
+msgstr "%s %d %s bekommen"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Commit %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:532
+msgid "giving up"
+msgstr "Gebe auf"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:542 progress.c:229
+msgid "done"
+msgstr "Fertig"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:554
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s (%d) %s"
+msgstr "%s (%d) %s bekommen"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:600
+#, c-format
+msgid "Marking %s as complete"
+msgstr "Markiere %s als vollständig"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:788
+#, c-format
+msgid "already have %s (%s)"
+msgstr "habe %s (%s) bereits"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:829
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "fetch-pack: Fehler beim Starten des sideband demultiplexer"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:837
+msgid "protocol error: bad pack header"
+msgstr "Protokollfehler: ungültiger Pack-Header"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:895
+#, c-format
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off %s"
+msgstr "fetch-pack: konnte %s nicht starten"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:911
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s failed"
+msgstr "%s fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:913
+msgid "error in sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "Fehler in sideband demultiplexer"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:940
+msgid "Server does not support shallow clients"
+msgstr "Server unterstützt keine shallow-Clients"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:944
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "Server unterstützt multi_ack_detailed"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:947
+msgid "Server supports no-done"
+msgstr "Server unterstützt no-done"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:953
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack"
+msgstr "Server unterstützt multi_ack"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:957
+msgid "Server supports side-band-64k"
+msgstr "Server unterstützt side-band-64k"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:961
+msgid "Server supports side-band"
+msgstr "Server unterstützt side-band"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:965
+msgid "Server supports allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "Server unterstützt allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:969
+msgid "Server supports allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "Server unterstützt allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:979
+msgid "Server supports ofs-delta"
+msgstr "Server unterstützt ofs-delta"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:985
+msgid "Server supports filter"
+msgstr "Server unterstützt Filter"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:993
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server version is %.*s"
+msgstr "Server-Version ist %.*s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:999
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-since"
+msgstr "Server unterstützt kein --shallow-since"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1003
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-exclude"
+msgstr "Server unterstützt kein --shallow-exclude"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1005
+msgid "Server does not support --deepen"
+msgstr "Server unterstützt kein --deepen"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1016
+msgid "no common commits"
+msgstr "keine gemeinsamen Commits"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1028
+msgid "git fetch-pack: fetch failed."
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: Abholen fehlgeschlagen."
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1190
+msgid "no matching remote head"
+msgstr "kein übereinstimmender Remote-Branch"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1212
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such remote ref %s"
+msgstr "keine solche Remote-Referenz %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1215
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server does not allow request for unadvertised object %s"
+msgstr "Der Server lehnt Anfrage nach nicht angebotenem Objekt %s ab."
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:181
 msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
 msgstr "gpg beim Signieren der Daten fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:185
+#: gpg-interface.c:211
+msgid "could not create temporary file"
+msgstr "konnte temporäre Datei nicht erstellen"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:214
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create temporary file '%s': %s"
-msgstr "konnte temporäre Datei '%s' nicht erstellen: %s"
+msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben der losgelösten Signatur nach '%s'"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:188
+#: graph.c:97
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s': %s"
-msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben der Signatur nach '%s': %s"
+msgid "ignore invalid color '%.*s' in log.graphColors"
+msgstr "Ignoriere ungültige Farbe '%.*s' in log.graphColors"
 
-#: grep.c:1718
+#: grep.c:2022
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
-msgstr "'%s': konnte nicht lesen %s"
+msgstr "'%s': konnte %s nicht lesen"
 
-#: grep.c:1735
+#: grep.c:2039 setup.c:163 builtin/clone.c:407 builtin/diff.c:81
+#: builtin/rm.c:134
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': %s"
-msgstr "'%s': %s"
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: grep.c:1746
+#: grep.c:2050
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': short read %s"
-msgstr "'%s': read() zu kurz %s"
+msgid "'%s': short read"
+msgstr "'%s': read() zu kurz"
 
-#: help.c:207
+#: help.c:179
 #, c-format
 msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
-msgstr "Vorhandene Git-Kommandos in '%s'"
+msgstr "Vorhandene Git-Befehle in '%s'"
 
-#: help.c:214
+#: help.c:186
 msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
-msgstr "Vorhandene Git-Kommandos irgendwo in Ihrem $PATH"
+msgstr "Vorhandene Git-Befehle anderswo in Ihrem $PATH"
 
-#: help.c:230
-msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
-msgstr "Die allgemein verwendeten Git-Kommandos sind:"
+#: help.c:217
+msgid "These are common Git commands used in various situations:"
+msgstr "Allgemeine Git-Befehle, verwendet in verschiedenen Situationen:"
 
-#: help.c:289
+#: help.c:281
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
 "able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
 msgstr ""
-"'%s' scheint ein git-Kommando zu sein, konnte aber\n"
+"'%s' scheint ein git-Befehl zu sein, konnte aber\n"
 "nicht ausgeführt werden. Vielleicht ist git-%s fehlerhaft?"
 
-#: help.c:346
+#: help.c:336
 msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
-msgstr "Uh oh. Keine Git-Kommandos auf Ihrem System vorhanden."
+msgstr "Uh oh. Keine Git-Befehle auf Ihrem System vorhanden."
 
-#: help.c:368
+#: help.c:358
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
-"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
+msgid "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist."
 msgstr ""
-"Warnung: Sie haben das nicht existierende Git-Kommando '%s' ausgeführt.\n"
-"Setze fort unter der Annahme, dass Sie '%s' gemeint haben."
+"WARNUNG: Sie haben Git-Befehl '%s' ausgeführt, welcher nicht existiert."
 
-#: help.c:373
+#: help.c:363
 #, c-format
-msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
-msgstr "Automatische Ausführung in %0.1f Sekunden..."
+msgid "Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr "Setze fort unter der Annahme, dass Sie '%s' meinten."
 
-#: help.c:380
+#: help.c:368
+#, c-format
+msgid "Continuing in %0.1f seconds, assuming that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr "Setze in %0.1f Sekunden fort unter der Annahme, dass Sie '%s' meinten."
+
+#: help.c:376
 #, c-format
 msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
-msgstr "git: '%s' ist kein Git-Kommando. Siehe 'git --help'."
+msgstr "git: '%s' ist kein Git-Befehl. Siehe 'git --help'."
 
-#: help.c:384 help.c:444
+#: help.c:380
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar command is"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar commands are"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"\n"
+"Der ähnlichste Befehl ist"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"\n"
+"Die ähnlichsten Befehle sind"
+
+#: help.c:395
+msgid "git version [<options>]"
+msgstr "git version [<Optionen>]"
+
+#: help.c:462
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s - %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s - %s"
+
+#: help.c:466
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Did you mean this?"
@@ -637,100 +2043,174 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "\n"
 "Haben Sie eines von diesen gemeint?"
 
-#: help.c:440
+#: ident.c:342
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"*** Please tell me who you are.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"\n"
+"to set your account's default identity.\n"
+"Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"*** Bitte geben Sie an, wer Sie sind.\n"
+"\n"
+"Führen Sie\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"\n"
+"aus, um das als Ihre standardmäßige Identität zu setzen.\n"
+"Lassen Sie die Option \"--global\" weg, um die Identität nur\n"
+"für dieses Repository zu setzen.\n"
+
+#: ident.c:366
+msgid "no email was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "keine E-Mail angegeben und automatische Erkennung ist deaktiviert"
+
+#: ident.c:371
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: %s - %s"
-msgstr "%s: %s - %s"
+msgid "unable to auto-detect email address (got '%s')"
+msgstr "Konnte die E-Mail-Adresse nicht automatisch erkennen ('%s' erhalten)"
+
+#: ident.c:381
+msgid "no name was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "kein Name angegeben und automatische Erkennung ist deaktiviert"
+
+#: ident.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to auto-detect name (got '%s')"
+msgstr "konnte Namen nicht automatisch erkennen ('%s' erhalten)"
+
+#: ident.c:395
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty ident name (for <%s>) not allowed"
+msgstr "Leerer Name in Identifikation (für <%s>) nicht erlaubt."
+
+#: ident.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "name consists only of disallowed characters: %s"
+msgstr "Name besteht nur aus nicht erlaubten Zeichen: %s"
+
+#: ident.c:416 builtin/commit.c:582
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid date format: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiges Datumsformat: %s"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:36
+msgid "multiple filter-specs cannot be combined"
+msgstr "Mehrere filter-specs können nicht kombiniert werden."
 
-#: lockfile.c:283
-msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that is still open"
-msgstr "FEHLER: Wiederöffnen einer bereits geöffneten Lock-Datei"
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:126
+msgid "cannot change partial clone promisor remote"
+msgstr "Kann Remote-Repository für partielles Klonen nicht ändern."
+
+#: lockfile.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to create '%s.lock': %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another git process seems to be running in this repository, e.g.\n"
+"an editor opened by 'git commit'. Please make sure all processes\n"
+"are terminated then try again. If it still fails, a git process\n"
+"may have crashed in this repository earlier:\n"
+"remove the file manually to continue."
+msgstr ""
+"Konnte '%s.lock' nicht erstellen: %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ein anderer Git-Prozess scheint in diesem Repository ausgeführt\n"
+"zu werden, zum Beispiel ein noch offener Editor von 'git commit'.\n"
+"Bitte stellen Sie sicher, dass alle Prozesse beendet wurden und\n"
+"versuchen Sie es erneut. Falls es immer noch fehlschlägt, könnte\n"
+"ein früherer Git-Prozess in diesem Repository abgestürzt sein:\n"
+"Löschen Sie die Datei manuell um fortzufahren."
 
-#: lockfile.c:285
-msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that has been committed"
-msgstr "FEHLER: Wiederöffnen einer bereits committeten Lock-Datei"
+#: lockfile.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to create '%s.lock': %s"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s.lock' nicht erstellen: %s"
 
-#: merge.c:41
+#: merge.c:74
 msgid "failed to read the cache"
 msgstr "Lesen des Zwischenspeichers fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: merge.c:94 builtin/checkout.c:374 builtin/checkout.c:580
-#: builtin/clone.c:662
+#: merge.c:134 builtin/am.c:1946 builtin/am.c:1980 builtin/checkout.c:378
+#: builtin/checkout.c:599 builtin/clone.c:759
 msgid "unable to write new index file"
-msgstr "Konnte neue Staging-Area-Datei nicht schreiben."
+msgstr "Konnte neue Index-Datei nicht schreiben."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:189
-#, c-format
+#: merge-recursive.c:235
 msgid "(bad commit)\n"
 msgstr "(ungültiger Commit)\n"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:209
+#: merge-recursive.c:257 merge-recursive.c:265
 #, c-format
 msgid "addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'"
 msgstr "addinfo_cache für Pfad '%s' fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:270
+#: merge-recursive.c:329
 msgid "error building trees"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen der \"Tree\"-Objekte"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:688
+#: merge-recursive.c:771
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create path '%s'%s"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen des Pfades '%s'%s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:699
+#: merge-recursive.c:782
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"
 msgstr "Entferne %s, um Platz für Unterverzeichnis zu schaffen\n"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:713 merge-recursive.c:734
+#: merge-recursive.c:796 merge-recursive.c:815
 msgid ": perhaps a D/F conflict?"
 msgstr ": vielleicht ein Verzeichnis/Datei-Konflikt?"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:724
+#: merge-recursive.c:805
 #, c-format
 msgid "refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"
 msgstr "verweigere, da unversionierte Dateien in '%s' verloren gehen würden"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:764
+#: merge-recursive.c:847 builtin/cat-file.c:37
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read object %s '%s'"
 msgstr "kann Objekt %s '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:766
+#: merge-recursive.c:849
 #, c-format
 msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
 msgstr "Blob erwartet für %s '%s'"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:789 builtin/clone.c:321
+#: merge-recursive.c:873
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to open '%s'"
-msgstr "Fehler beim Öffnen von '%s'"
+msgid "failed to open '%s': %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Öffnen von '%s': %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:797
+#: merge-recursive.c:884
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to symlink '%s'"
-msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen eines symbolischen Verweises für '%s'"
+msgid "failed to symlink '%s': %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen einer symbolischen Verknüpfung für '%s': %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:800
+#: merge-recursive.c:889
 #, c-format
 msgid "do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"
 msgstr "weiß nicht was mit %06o %s '%s' zu machen ist"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:938
+#: merge-recursive.c:1029
 msgid "Failed to execute internal merge"
 msgstr "Fehler bei Ausführung des internen Merges"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:942
+#: merge-recursive.c:1034
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add %s to database"
 msgstr "Konnte %s nicht zur Datenbank hinzufügen"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:958
-msgid "unsupported object type in the tree"
-msgstr "nicht unterstützter Objekttyp im Verzeichnis"
-
-#: merge-recursive.c:1033 merge-recursive.c:1047
+#: merge-recursive.c:1146
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
@@ -739,7 +2219,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "KONFLIKT (%s/löschen): %s gelöscht in %s und %s in %s. Stand %s von %s wurde "
 "im Arbeitsbereich gelassen."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1039 merge-recursive.c:1052
+#: merge-recursive.c:1151
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree."
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (%s/löschen): %s gelöscht in %s und %s nach %s in %s. Stand %s von "
+"%s wurde im Arbeitsbereich gelassen."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1158
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
@@ -748,20 +2237,29 @@ msgstr ""
 "KONFLIKT (%s/löschen): %s gelöscht in %s und %s in %s. Stand %s von %s wurde "
 "im Arbeitsbereich bei %s gelassen."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1093
+#: merge-recursive.c:1163
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (%s/löschen): %s gelöscht in %s und %s nach %s in %s. Stand %s von "
+"%s wurde im Arbeitsbereich bei %s gelassen."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1197
 msgid "rename"
 msgstr "umbenennen"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1093
+#: merge-recursive.c:1197
 msgid "renamed"
 msgstr "umbenannt"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1149
+#: merge-recursive.c:1254
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"
 msgstr "%s ist ein Verzeichnis in %s, füge es stattdessen als %s hinzu"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1171
+#: merge-recursive.c:1279
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" rename \"%s"
@@ -770,211 +2268,271 @@ msgstr ""
 "KONFLIKT (umbenennen/umbenennen): Benenne um \"%s\"->\"%s\" in Branch \"%s\" "
 "und \"%s\"->\"%s\" in Branch \"%s\"%s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1176
+#: merge-recursive.c:1284
 msgid " (left unresolved)"
 msgstr " (bleibt unaufgelöst)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1230
+#: merge-recursive.c:1346
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename %s->%s in %s. Rename %s->%s in %s"
 msgstr ""
 "KONFLIKT (umbenennen/umbenennen): Benenne um %s->%s in %s. Benenne um %s->%s "
 "in %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1260
+#: merge-recursive.c:1379
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
 msgstr "Benenne stattdessen %s nach %s und %s nach %s um"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1459
+#: merge-recursive.c:1582
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. %s added in %s"
 msgstr ""
 "KONFLIKT (umbenennen/hinzufügen): Benenne um %s->%s in %s. %s hinzugefügt in "
 "%s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1469
+#: merge-recursive.c:1597
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding merged %s"
 msgstr "Füge zusammengeführte Datei %s hinzu"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1474 merge-recursive.c:1672
+#: merge-recursive.c:1604 merge-recursive.c:1834
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding as %s instead"
 msgstr "Füge stattdessen als %s hinzu"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1525
+#: merge-recursive.c:1661
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read object %s"
 msgstr "kann Objekt %s nicht lesen"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1528
+#: merge-recursive.c:1664
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s is not a blob"
 msgstr "Objekt %s ist kein Blob"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1576
+#: merge-recursive.c:1733
 msgid "modify"
 msgstr "ändern"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1576
+#: merge-recursive.c:1733
 msgid "modified"
 msgstr "geändert"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1586
+#: merge-recursive.c:1743
 msgid "content"
 msgstr "Inhalt"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1593
+#: merge-recursive.c:1750
 msgid "add/add"
 msgstr "hinzufügen/hinzufügen"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1627
+#: merge-recursive.c:1786
 #, c-format
 msgid "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"
 msgstr "%s ausgelassen (Ergebnis des Merges existiert bereits)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1641
+#: merge-recursive.c:1800
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto-merging %s"
 msgstr "automatischer Merge von %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1645 git-submodule.sh:1150
+#: merge-recursive.c:1804 git-submodule.sh:879
 msgid "submodule"
 msgstr "Submodul"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1646
+#: merge-recursive.c:1805
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"
 msgstr "KONFLIKT (%s): Merge-Konflikt in %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1732
+#: merge-recursive.c:1899
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing %s"
 msgstr "Entferne %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1757
+#: merge-recursive.c:1925
 msgid "file/directory"
 msgstr "Datei/Verzeichnis"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1763
+#: merge-recursive.c:1931
 msgid "directory/file"
 msgstr "Verzeichnis/Datei"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1768
+#: merge-recursive.c:1938
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. Adding %s as %s"
 msgstr ""
 "KONFLIKT (%s): Es existiert bereits ein Verzeichnis %s in %s. Füge %s als %s "
 "hinzu."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1778
+#: merge-recursive.c:1947
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding %s"
 msgstr "Füge %s hinzu"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1795
-msgid "Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."
-msgstr "Fataler Merge-Fehler. Sollte nicht passieren."
+#: merge-recursive.c:1987
+#, c-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot merge (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "Geänderter Index: kann nicht mergen (geändert: %s)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1814
-msgid "Already up-to-date!"
+#: merge-recursive.c:1991
+msgid "Already up to date!"
 msgstr "Bereits aktuell!"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1823
+#: merge-recursive.c:2000
 #, c-format
 msgid "merging of trees %s and %s failed"
 msgstr "Zusammenführen der \"Tree\"-Objekte %s und %s fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1853
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unprocessed path??? %s"
-msgstr "unverarbeiteter Pfad??? %s"
-
-#: merge-recursive.c:1898
+#: merge-recursive.c:2097
 msgid "Merging:"
 msgstr "Merge:"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1911
+#: merge-recursive.c:2110
 #, c-format
 msgid "found %u common ancestor:"
 msgid_plural "found %u common ancestors:"
 msgstr[0] "%u gemeinsamen Vorgänger-Commit gefunden"
 msgstr[1] "%u gemeinsame Vorgänger-Commits gefunden"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1948
+#: merge-recursive.c:2149
 msgid "merge returned no commit"
 msgstr "Merge hat keinen Commit zurückgegeben"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2005
+#: merge-recursive.c:2212
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Objekt '%s' nicht parsen."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2016 builtin/merge.c:667
+#: merge-recursive.c:2228 builtin/merge.c:657 builtin/merge.c:816
 msgid "Unable to write index."
-msgstr "Konnte Staging-Area nicht schreiben."
+msgstr "Konnte Index nicht schreiben."
+
+#: notes-merge.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your previous notes merge (%s exists).\n"
+"Please, use 'git notes merge --commit' or 'git notes merge --abort' to "
+"commit/abort the previous merge before you start a new notes merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Sie haben Ihren vorherigen Merge von Notizen nicht abgeschlossen (%s "
+"existiert).\n"
+"Bitte benutzen Sie 'git notes merge --commit' oder 'git notes merge --"
+"abort', um\n"
+"den vorherigen Merge zu committen bzw. abzubrechen, bevor Sie einen neuen "
+"Merge\n"
+"von Notizen beginnen."
 
-#: notes-utils.c:41
+#: notes-merge.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "You have not concluded your notes merge (%s exists)."
+msgstr "Sie haben Ihren Merge von Notizen nicht abgeschlossen (%s existiert)."
+
+#: notes-utils.c:43
 msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
 msgstr ""
-"Kann uninitialisiertes/unreferenzierte Notiz-Verzeichnis nicht committen."
+"Kann uninitialisiertes/unreferenziertes Notiz-Verzeichnis nicht committen."
 
-#: notes-utils.c:82
+#: notes-utils.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
 msgstr "Ungültiger notes.rewriteMode Wert: '%s'"
 
-#: notes-utils.c:92
+#: notes-utils.c:112
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
 msgstr ""
 "Umschreiben der Notizen in %s zurückgewiesen (außerhalb von refs/notes/)"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
-#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
-#: notes-utils.c:119
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of
+#. the environment variable, the second %s is
+#. its value.
+#.
+#: notes-utils.c:142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
 msgstr "Ungültiger %s Wert: '%s'"
 
-#: object.c:241
+#: object.c:239
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse object: %s"
 msgstr "Konnte Objekt '%s' nicht parsen."
 
-#: parse-options.c:546
+#: packfile.c:561
+msgid "offset before end of packfile (broken .idx?)"
+msgstr "Offset vor Ende der Packdatei (fehlerhafte Indexdatei?)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1694
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset before start of pack index for %s (corrupt index?)"
+msgstr "Offset vor Beginn des Pack-Index für %s (beschädigter Index?)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1698
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset beyond end of pack index for %s (truncated index?)"
+msgstr "Offset hinter Ende des Pack-Index für %s (abgeschnittener Index?)"
+
+#: parse-options.c:619
 msgid "..."
 msgstr "..."
 
-#: parse-options.c:564
+#: parse-options.c:638
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s"
 msgstr "Verwendung: %s"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
-#. one in "usage: %s" translation
-#: parse-options.c:568
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation.
+#.
+#: parse-options.c:644
 #, c-format
 msgid "   or: %s"
 msgstr "      oder: %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:571
+#: parse-options.c:647
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %s"
 msgstr "    %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:605
+#: parse-options.c:686
 msgid "-NUM"
 msgstr "-NUM"
 
-#: pathspec.c:133
+#: parse-options-cb.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr "fehlerhafter Objekt-Name '%s'"
+
+#: path.c:891
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr "Konnte Gruppenschreibrecht für %s nicht setzen."
+
+#: pathspec.c:129
+msgid "Escape character '\\' not allowed as last character in attr value"
+msgstr "Escape-Zeichen '\\' als letztes Zeichen in Attributwert nicht erlaubt"
+
+#: pathspec.c:147
+msgid "Only one 'attr:' specification is allowed."
+msgstr "Es ist nur eine Angabe von 'attr:' erlaubt."
+
+#: pathspec.c:150
+msgid "attr spec must not be empty"
+msgstr "Angabe von 'attr:' darf nicht leer sein"
+
+#: pathspec.c:193
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid attribute name %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Attributname %s"
+
+#: pathspec.c:258
 msgid "global 'glob' and 'noglob' pathspec settings are incompatible"
 msgstr ""
 "Globale Einstellungen zur Pfadspezifikation 'glob' und 'noglob' sind "
 "inkompatibel."
 
-#: pathspec.c:143
+#: pathspec.c:265
 msgid ""
 "global 'literal' pathspec setting is incompatible with all other global "
 "pathspec settings"
@@ -982,68 +2540,56 @@ msgstr ""
 "Globale Einstellung zur Pfadspezifikation 'literal' ist inkompatibel\n"
 "mit allen anderen Optionen."
 
-#: pathspec.c:177
+#: pathspec.c:305
 msgid "invalid parameter for pathspec magic 'prefix'"
 msgstr "ungültiger Parameter für Pfadspezifikationsangabe 'prefix'"
 
-#: pathspec.c:183
+#: pathspec.c:326
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid pathspec magic '%.*s' in '%s'"
 msgstr "ungültige Pfadspezifikationsangabe '%.*s' in '%s'"
 
-#: pathspec.c:187
+#: pathspec.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing ')' at the end of pathspec magic in '%s'"
 msgstr "Fehlendes ')' am Ende der Pfadspezifikationsangabe in '%s'"
 
-#: pathspec.c:205
+#: pathspec.c:369
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unimplemented pathspec magic '%c' in '%s'"
 msgstr "nicht unterstützte Pfadspezifikationsangabe '%c' in '%s'"
 
-#: pathspec.c:230
+#: pathspec.c:428
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: 'literal' and 'glob' are incompatible"
 msgstr "%s: 'literal' und 'glob' sind inkompatibel"
 
-#: pathspec.c:241
+#: pathspec.c:441
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: '%s' is outside repository"
 msgstr "%s: '%s' liegt außerhalb des Repositories"
 
-#: pathspec.c:291
+#: pathspec.c:515
 #, c-format
-msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
-msgstr "Pfadspezifikation '%s' befindet sich in Submodul '%.*s'"
+msgid "'%s' (mnemonic: '%c')"
+msgstr "'%s' (Kürzel: '%c')"
 
-#: pathspec.c:353
+#: pathspec.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: pathspec magic not supported by this command: %s"
 msgstr ""
-"%s: Pfadspezifikationsangabe wird von diesem Kommando nicht unterstützt: %s"
+"%s: Pfadspezifikationsangabe wird von diesem Befehl nicht unterstützt: %s"
 
-#: pathspec.c:432
+#: pathspec.c:592
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
-msgstr "Pfadspezifikation '%s' ist hinter einem symbolischen Verweis"
-
-#: pathspec.c:441
-msgid ""
-"There is nothing to exclude from by :(exclude) patterns.\n"
-"Perhaps you forgot to add either ':/' or '.' ?"
-msgstr ""
-":(exclude) Muster, aber keine anderen Pfadspezifikationen angegeben.\n"
-"Vielleicht haben Sie vergessen entweder ':/' oder '.' hinzuzufügen?"
+msgstr "Pfadspezifikation '%s' ist hinter einer symbolischen Verknüpfung"
 
-#: pretty.c:968
+#: pretty.c:962
 msgid "unable to parse --pretty format"
 msgstr "Konnte --pretty Format nicht parsen."
 
-#: progress.c:225
-msgid "done"
-msgstr "Fertig"
-
-#: read-cache.c:1267
+#: read-cache.c:1473
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "index.version set, but the value is invalid.\n"
@@ -1052,7 +2598,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "index.version gesetzt, aber Wert ungültig.\n"
 "Verwende Version %i"
 
-#: read-cache.c:1277
+#: read-cache.c:1483
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "GIT_INDEX_VERSION set, but the value is invalid.\n"
@@ -1061,66 +2607,397 @@ msgstr ""
 "GIT_INDEX_VERSION gesetzt, aber Wert ungültig.\n"
 "Verwende Version %i"
 
-#: remote.c:782
+#: read-cache.c:2375 sequencer.c:3248 wrapper.c:658 builtin/merge.c:1049
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not close '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht schließen"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2448 sequencer.c:1900 sequencer.c:2627
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht lesen."
+
+#: read-cache.c:2461
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open git dir: %s"
+msgstr "konnte Git-Verzeichnis nicht öffnen: %s"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2473
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to unlink: %s"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht entfernen."
+
+#: refs.c:706
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht zum Schreiben öffnen."
+
+#: refs.c:1850
+msgid "ref updates forbidden inside quarantine environment"
+msgstr ""
+"Aktualisierungen von Referenzen ist innerhalb der Quarantäne-Umgebung "
+"verboten."
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1189
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove reference %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Referenz %s nicht löschen"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1203 refs/packed-backend.c:1528
+#: refs/packed-backend.c:1538
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete reference %s: %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Referenz %s nicht entfernen: %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1206 refs/packed-backend.c:1541
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete references: %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Referenzen nicht entfernen: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:35 wt-status.c:1842
+msgid "gone"
+msgstr "entfernt"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d"
+msgstr "%d voraus"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:37
+#, c-format
+msgid "behind %d"
+msgstr "%d hinterher"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:38
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d, behind %d"
+msgstr "%d voraus, %d hinterher"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:107
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(color:<color>)"
+msgstr "Erwartetes Format: %%(color:<Farbe>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized color: %%(color:%s)"
+msgstr "nicht erkannte Farbe: %%(color:%s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:129
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:lstrip=%s"
+msgstr "Positiver Wert erwartet refname:lstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:rstrip=%s"
+msgstr "Positiver Wert erwartet refname:rstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(%s) argument: %s"
+msgstr "nicht erkanntes %%(%s) Argument: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:184
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(body) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(body) akzeptiert keine Argumente"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:191
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(subject) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(subject) akzeptiert keine Argumente"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown %%(trailers) argument: %s"
+msgstr "unbekanntes %%(trailers) Argument: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:232
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected contents:lines=%s"
+msgstr "Positiver Wert erwartet contents:lines=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(contents) argument: %s"
+msgstr "nicht erkanntes %%(contents) Argument: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:247
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected objectname:short=%s"
+msgstr "Positiver Wert erwartet objectname:short=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(objectname) argument: %s"
+msgstr "nicht erkanntes %%(objectname) Argument: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(align:<width>,<position>)"
+msgstr "Erwartetes Format: %%(align:<Breite>,<Position>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:290
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized position:%s"
+msgstr "nicht erkannte Position:%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized width:%s"
+msgstr "nicht erkannte Breite:%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:300
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(align) argument: %s"
+msgstr "nicht erkanntes %%(align) Argument: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive width expected with the %%(align) atom"
+msgstr "Positive Breitenangabe für %%(align) erwartet"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:319
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(if) argument: %s"
+msgstr "nicht erkanntes %%(if) Argument: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:409
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "Fehlerhafter Feldname: %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "Unbekannter Feldname: %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:547
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(if) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "format: %%(if) Atom ohne ein %%(then) Atom verwendet"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:607
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "format: %%(then) Atom ohne ein %%(if) Atom verwendet"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:609
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "format: %%(then) Atom mehr als einmal verwendet"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:611
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used after %%(else)"
+msgstr "format: %%(then) Atom nach %%(else) verwendet"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:637
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "format: %%(else) Atom ohne ein %%(if) Atom verwendet"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "Format: %%(else) Atom ohne ein %%(then) Atom verwendet"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:641
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "Format: %%(end) Atom mehr als einmal verwendet"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:654
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom used without corresponding atom"
+msgstr "Format: %%(end) Atom ohne zugehöriges Atom verwendet"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:709
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed format string %s"
+msgstr "Fehlerhafter Formatierungsstring %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1313
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
+msgstr "(kein Branch, Rebase von Branch %s im Gange)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1316
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
+msgstr "(kein Branch, binäre Suche begonnen bei %s)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached at " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1324
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached at %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD losgelöst bei %s)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached from " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1331
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached from %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD losgelöst von %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1335
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr "(kein Branch)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1364
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing object %s for %s"
+msgstr "Objekt %s fehlt für %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1367
+#, c-format
+msgid "parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s"
+msgstr "parse_object_buffer bei %s für %s fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1819
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr "fehlerhaftes Objekt bei '%s'"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1886
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring ref with broken name %s"
+msgstr "Ignoriere Referenz mit fehlerhaftem Namen %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1891
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring broken ref %s"
+msgstr "Ignoriere fehlerhafte Referenz %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2152
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom missing"
+msgstr "Format: %%(end) Atom fehlt"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2246
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr "Missgebildeter Objektname %s"
+
+#: remote.c:795
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot fetch both %s and %s to %s"
 msgstr "Kann 'fetch' nicht für sowohl %s als auch %s nach %s ausführen."
 
-#: remote.c:786
+#: remote.c:799
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s usually tracks %s, not %s"
 msgstr "%s folgt üblicherweise %s, nicht %s"
 
-#: remote.c:790
+#: remote.c:803
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s tracks both %s and %s"
 msgstr "%s folgt sowohl %s als auch %s"
 
-#: remote.c:798
+#: remote.c:811
 msgid "Internal error"
 msgstr "Interner Fehler"
 
-#: remote.c:1980
+#: remote.c:1726 remote.c:1828
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr "HEAD zeigt auf keinen Branch"
+
+#: remote.c:1735
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr "Kein solcher Branch: '%s'"
+
+#: remote.c:1738
+#, c-format
+msgid "no upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Kein Upstream-Branch für Branch '%s' konfiguriert."
+
+#: remote.c:1744
+#, c-format
+msgid "upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "Upstream-Branch '%s' nicht als Remote-Tracking-Branch gespeichert"
+
+#: remote.c:1759
+#, c-format
+msgid "push destination '%s' on remote '%s' has no local tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+"Ziel für \"push\" '%s' auf Remote-Repository '%s' hat keinen lokal gefolgten "
+"Branch"
+
+#: remote.c:1771
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' has no remote for pushing"
+msgstr "Branch '%s' hat keinen Upstream-Branch gesetzt"
+
+#: remote.c:1782
+#, c-format
+msgid "push refspecs for '%s' do not include '%s'"
+msgstr "Push-Refspecs für '%s' beinhalten nicht '%s'"
+
+#: remote.c:1795
+msgid "push has no destination (push.default is 'nothing')"
+msgstr "kein Ziel für \"push\" (push.default ist 'nothing')"
+
+#: remote.c:1817
+msgid "cannot resolve 'simple' push to a single destination"
+msgstr "kann einzelnes Ziel für \"push\" im Modus 'simple' nicht auflösen"
+
+#: remote.c:2132
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is based on '%s', but the upstream is gone.\n"
-msgstr "Ihr Branch basiert auf '%s', aber Upstream-Branch wurde entfernt.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ihr Branch basiert auf '%s', aber der Upstream-Branch wurde entfernt.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1984
+#: remote.c:2136
 msgid "  (use \"git branch --unset-upstream\" to fixup)\n"
 msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git branch --unset-upstream\" zum Beheben)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1987
+#: remote.c:2139
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is up to date with '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "Ihr Branch ist auf demselben Stand wie '%s'.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:2143
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch and '%s' refer to different commits.\n"
+msgstr "Ihr Branch und '%s' zeigen auf unterschiedliche Commits.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:2146
 #, c-format
-msgid "Your branch is up-to-date with '%s'.\n"
-msgstr "Ihr Branch ist auf dem selben Stand wie '%s'.\n"
+msgid "  (use \"%s\" for details)\n"
+msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"%s\" für Details)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1991
+#: remote.c:2150
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
 msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
-msgstr[0] "Ihr Branch ist vor '%s' um %d Commit.\n"
-msgstr[1] "Ihr Branch ist vor '%s' um %d Commits.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Ihr Branch ist %2$d Commit vor '%1$s'.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Ihr Branch ist %2$d Commits vor '%1$s'.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1997
+#: remote.c:2156
 msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
 msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git push\", um lokale Commits zu publizieren)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2000
+#: remote.c:2159
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgid_plural ""
 "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgstr[0] ""
-"Ihr Branch ist zu '%s' um %d Commit hinterher, und kann vorgespult werden.\n"
+"Ihr Branch ist %2$d Commit hinter '%1$s', und kann vorgespult werden.\n"
 msgstr[1] ""
-"Ihr Branch ist zu '%s' um %d Commits hinterher, und kann vorgespult werden.\n"
+"Ihr Branch ist %2$d Commits hinter '%1$s', und kann vorgespult werden.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2008
+#: remote.c:2167
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git pull\", um Ihren lokalen Branch zu aktualisieren)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2011
+#: remote.c:2170
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
@@ -1135,280 +3012,994 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "Ihr Branch und '%s' sind divergiert,\n"
 "und haben jeweils %d und %d unterschiedliche Commits.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2021
+#: remote.c:2180
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git pull\", um Ihren Branch mit dem Remote-Branch "
 "zusammenzuführen)\n"
 
-#: run-command.c:87
+#: revision.c:2277
+msgid "your current branch appears to be broken"
+msgstr "Ihr aktueller Branch scheint fehlerhaft zu sein."
+
+#: revision.c:2280
+#, c-format
+msgid "your current branch '%s' does not have any commits yet"
+msgstr "Ihr aktueller Branch '%s' hat noch keine Commits."
+
+#: revision.c:2477
+msgid "--first-parent is incompatible with --bisect"
+msgstr "Die Optionen --first-parent und --bisect sind inkompatibel."
+
+#: run-command.c:731
 msgid "open /dev/null failed"
 msgstr "Öffnen von /dev/null fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: run-command.c:89
+#: run-command.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The '%s' hook was ignored because it's not set as executable.\n"
+"You can disable this warning with `git config advice.ignoredHook false`."
+msgstr ""
+"Der '%s' Hook wurde ignoriert, weil er nicht als ausführbar markiert ist.\n"
+"Sie können diese Warnung mit `git config advice.ignoredHook false` "
+"deaktivieren."
+
+#: send-pack.c:141
+msgid "unexpected flush packet while reading remote unpack status"
+msgstr "Unerwartetes Flush-Paket beim Lesen des Remote-Unpack-Status."
+
+#: send-pack.c:143
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse remote unpack status: %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Status des Entpackens der Gegenseite nicht parsen: %s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:145
 #, c-format
-msgid "dup2(%d,%d) failed"
-msgstr "dup2(%d,%d) fehlgeschlagen"
+msgid "remote unpack failed: %s"
+msgstr "Entpacken auf der Gegenseite fehlgeschlagen: %s"
 
-#: send-pack.c:268
+#: send-pack.c:308
 msgid "failed to sign the push certificate"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Signieren des \"push\"-Zertifikates"
 
-#: send-pack.c:325
+#: send-pack.c:421
 msgid "the receiving end does not support --signed push"
 msgstr ""
 "die Gegenseite unterstützt keinen signierten Versand (\"--signed push\")"
 
-#: sequencer.c:172 builtin/merge.c:782 builtin/merge.c:893 builtin/merge.c:995
-#: builtin/merge.c:1005
+#: send-pack.c:423
+msgid ""
+"not sending a push certificate since the receiving end does not support --"
+"signed push"
+msgstr ""
+"kein Versand des \"push\"-Zertifikates, da die Gegenseite keinen signierten\n"
+"Versand (\"--signed push\") unterstützt"
+
+#: send-pack.c:435
+msgid "the receiving end does not support --atomic push"
+msgstr "die Gegenseite unterstützt keinen atomaren Versand (\"--atomic push\")"
+
+#: send-pack.c:440
+msgid "the receiving end does not support push options"
+msgstr "die Gegenseite unterstützt keine Push-Optionen"
+
+#: sequencer.c:158
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
-msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht zum Schreiben öffnen."
+msgid "invalid commit message cleanup mode '%s'"
+msgstr "Ungültiger \"cleanup\"-Modus '%s' für Commit-Beschreibungen."
 
-#: sequencer.c:174 builtin/merge.c:344 builtin/merge.c:785 builtin/merge.c:997
-#: builtin/merge.c:1010
+#: sequencer.c:267
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr "Revert"
+
+#: sequencer.c:269
+msgid "cherry-pick"
+msgstr "Cherry-Pick"
+
+#: sequencer.c:271
+msgid "rebase -i"
+msgstr "interaktives Rebase"
+
+#: sequencer.c:273
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
-msgstr "Konnte nicht nach '%s' schreiben."
+msgid "Unknown action: %d"
+msgstr "Unbekannte Aktion: %d"
 
-#: sequencer.c:195
+#: sequencer.c:330
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
 msgstr ""
-"nach Auflösung der Konflikte, markieren Sie die korrigierten Pfade\n"
+"nach Auflösung der Konflikte markieren Sie die korrigierten Pfade\n"
 "mit 'git add <Pfade>' oder 'git rm <Pfade>'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:198
+#: sequencer.c:333
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
 "and commit the result with 'git commit'"
 msgstr ""
-"nach Auflösung der Konflikte, markieren Sie die korrigierten Pfade\n"
-"mit 'git add <Pfade>' oder 'git rm <Pfade>'und tragen Sie das Ergebnis mit\n"
+"nach Auflösung der Konflikte markieren Sie die korrigierten Pfade\n"
+"mit 'git add <Pfade>' oder 'git rm <Pfade>' und tragen Sie das Ergebnis mit\n"
 "'git commit' ein"
 
-#: sequencer.c:211 sequencer.c:856 sequencer.c:939
+#: sequencer.c:346 sequencer.c:2245
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to %s"
-msgstr "Konnte nicht nach %s schreiben"
+msgid "could not lock '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht sperren"
 
-#: sequencer.c:214
+#: sequencer.c:349 sequencer.c:2124 sequencer.c:2250 sequencer.c:2264
+#: sequencer.c:3246 sequencer.c:3310 wrapper.c:656
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
-msgstr "Fehler bei Nachbereitung von %s"
+msgid "could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte nicht nach '%s' schreiben."
 
-#: sequencer.c:229
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
-msgstr ""
-"Ihre lokalen Änderungen würden von \"cherry-pick\" überschrieben werden."
+#: sequencer.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write eol to '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte EOL nicht nach '%s' schreiben."
+
+#: sequencer.c:356 sequencer.c:2128 sequencer.c:2252
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finalize '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Fertigstellen von '%s'."
+
+#: sequencer.c:379 sequencer.c:1340 sequencer.c:2148 builtin/am.c:259
+#: builtin/commit.c:722 builtin/merge.c:1047
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: sequencer.c:231
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
-msgstr "Ihre lokalen Änderungen würden von \"revert\" überschrieben werden."
+#: sequencer.c:405
+#, c-format
+msgid "your local changes would be overwritten by %s."
+msgstr "Ihre lokalen Änderungen würden durch den %s überschrieben werden."
 
-#: sequencer.c:234
-msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+#: sequencer.c:409
+msgid "commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
 msgstr ""
-"Tragen Sie Ihre Änderungen ein oder benutzen Sie \"stash\", um fortzufahren."
+"Committen Sie Ihre Änderungen oder benutzen Sie \"stash\", um fortzufahren."
+
+#: sequencer.c:438
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: fast-forward"
+msgstr "%s: Vorspulen"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
-#: sequencer.c:321
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert", "cherry-pick" or
+#. "rebase -i".
+#.
+#: sequencer.c:526
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
-msgstr "%s: Konnte neue Staging-Area-Datei nicht schreiben"
+msgstr "%s: Konnte neue Index-Datei nicht schreiben"
+
+#: sequencer.c:542
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD commit"
+msgstr "Konnte HEAD-Commit nicht auflösen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:562
+msgid "unable to update cache tree"
+msgstr "Konnte Cache-Verzeichnis nicht aktualisieren."
+
+#: sequencer.c:658
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you have staged changes in your working tree\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Es befinden sich zum Commit vorgemerkte Änderungen in Ihrem "
+"Arbeitsverzeichnis.\n"
+"Wenn diese Änderungen in den vorherigen Commit aufgenommen werden sollen,\n"
+"führen Sie aus:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Wenn daraus ein neuer Commit erzeugt werden soll, führen Sie aus:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Im Anschluss führen Sie zum Fortfahren aus:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:915
+msgid "'prepare-commit-msg' hook failed"
+msgstr "'prepare-commit-msg' Hook fehlgeschlagen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:922
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
+"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
+"your configuration file:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ihr Name und E-Mail Adresse wurden automatisch auf Basis\n"
+"Ihres Benutzer- und Rechnernamens konfiguriert. Bitte prüfen Sie, dass\n"
+"diese zutreffend sind. Sie können diese Meldung unterdrücken, indem Sie\n"
+"diese explizit setzen. Führen Sie dazu den folgenden Befehl aus und folgen\n"
+"Sie den Anweisungen in Ihrem Editor, um die Konfigurationsdatei zu "
+"bearbeiten:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"Nachdem Sie das getan haben, können Sie Ihre Identität für diesen Commit\n"
+"ändern mit:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:935
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ihr Name und E-Mail Adresse wurden automatisch auf Basis\n"
+"Ihres Benutzer- und Rechnernamens konfiguriert. Bitte prüfen Sie, dass\n"
+"diese zutreffend sind. Sie können diese Meldung unterdrücken, indem Sie\n"
+"diese explizit setzen:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Ihr Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email ihre@emailadresse.de\n"
+"\n"
+"Nachdem Sie das getan haben, können Sie Ihre Identität für diesen Commit "
+"ändern:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:975
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr "Konnte neu erstellten Commit nicht nachschlagen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:977
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr "Konnte neu erstellten Commit nicht analysieren."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1023
+msgid "unable to resolve HEAD after creating commit"
+msgstr "Konnte HEAD nicht auflösen, nachdem der Commit erstellt wurde."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1025
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr "losgelöster HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1029
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr " (Basis-Commit)"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1050
+msgid "could not parse HEAD"
+msgstr "Konnte HEAD nicht parsen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1052
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "HEAD %s ist kein Commit!"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1056 builtin/commit.c:1491
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr "Konnte Commit von HEAD nicht analysieren."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1107 sequencer.c:1673
+msgid "unable to parse commit author"
+msgstr "Konnte Commit-Autor nicht parsen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1117 builtin/am.c:1630 builtin/merge.c:643
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr "\"git write-tree\" schlug beim Schreiben eines \"Tree\"-Objektes fehl"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1134 sequencer.c:1186
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read commit message from '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Commit-Beschreibung von '%s' nicht lesen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1154 builtin/am.c:1650 builtin/commit.c:1594 builtin/merge.c:826
+#: builtin/merge.c:851
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben des Commit-Objektes."
 
-#: sequencer.c:339
-msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
-msgstr "Konnte Commit von HEAD nicht auflösen\n"
+#: sequencer.c:1213
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Commit %s nicht parsen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1218
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Eltern-Commit %s nicht parsen."
 
-#: sequencer.c:359
-msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
-msgstr "Konnte Cache-Verzeichnis nicht aktualisieren\n"
+#: sequencer.c:1347
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unexpected 1st line of squash message:\n"
+"\n"
+"\t%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+"unerwartete erste Zeile der Squash-Beschreibung:\n"
+"\n"
+"\t%.*s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:406
+#: sequencer.c:1353
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
-msgstr "Konnte Commit %s nicht parsen\n"
+msgid ""
+"invalid 1st line of squash message:\n"
+"\n"
+"\t%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+"ungültige erste Zeile der Squash-Beschreibung:\n"
+"\n"
+"\t%.*s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:411
+#: sequencer.c:1359 sequencer.c:1384
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
-msgstr "Konnte Eltern-Commit %s nicht parsen\n"
+msgid "This is a combination of %d commits."
+msgstr "Das ist eine Kombination aus %d Commits."
 
-#: sequencer.c:477
-msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
-msgstr "Ihre Staging-Area-Datei ist nicht zusammengeführt."
+#: sequencer.c:1368 sequencer.c:3265
+msgid "need a HEAD to fixup"
+msgstr "benötige HEAD für fixup"
 
-#: sequencer.c:496
+#: sequencer.c:1370
+msgid "could not read HEAD"
+msgstr "Konnte HEAD nicht lesen"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1372
+msgid "could not read HEAD's commit message"
+msgstr "Konnte Commit-Beschreibung von HEAD nicht lesen"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1378
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgid "cannot write '%s'"
+msgstr "kann '%s' nicht schreiben"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1387 git-rebase--interactive.sh:452
+msgid "This is the 1st commit message:"
+msgstr "Das ist die erste Commit-Beschreibung:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1395
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message of %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Commit-Beschreibung von %s nicht lesen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1402
+#, c-format
+msgid "This is the commit message #%d:"
+msgstr "Das ist Commit-Beschreibung #%d:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1407
+#, c-format
+msgid "The commit message #%d will be skipped:"
+msgstr "Die Commit-Beschreibung #%d wird ausgelassen:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1412
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command: %d"
+msgstr "Unbekannter Befehl: %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1479
+msgid "your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr "Ihre Index-Datei ist nicht zusammengeführt."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1498
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
 msgstr "Commit %s ist ein Merge, aber die Option -m wurde nicht angegeben."
 
-#: sequencer.c:504
+#: sequencer.c:1506
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
-msgstr "Commit %s hat keinen Elternteil %d"
+msgid "commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr "Commit %s hat keinen Eltern-Commit %d"
 
-#: sequencer.c:508
+#: sequencer.c:1510
 #, c-format
-msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgid "mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
 msgstr "Hauptlinie wurde spezifiziert, aber Commit %s ist kein Merge."
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
-#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
-#: sequencer.c:521
+#: sequencer.c:1516
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr "Kann keine Commit-Beschreibung für %s bekommen."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be a "todo" command like
+#. "revert" or "pick", the second %s a SHA1.
+#: sequencer.c:1535
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
 msgstr "%s: kann Eltern-Commit %s nicht parsen"
 
-#: sequencer.c:525
+#: sequencer.c:1600 sequencer.c:2397
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
-msgstr "Kann keine Commit-Beschreibung für %s bekommen"
+msgid "could not rename '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht zu '%s' umbenennen."
 
-#: sequencer.c:611
+#: sequencer.c:1654
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
-msgstr "Konnte \"revert\" nicht auf %s ausführen... %s"
+msgstr "Konnte \"revert\" nicht auf %s... (%s) ausführen"
 
-#: sequencer.c:612
+#: sequencer.c:1655
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
-msgstr "Konnte %s nicht anwenden... %s"
+msgstr "Konnte %s... (%s) nicht anwenden"
 
-#: sequencer.c:648
+#: sequencer.c:1702
 msgid "empty commit set passed"
 msgstr "leere Menge von Commits übergeben"
 
-#: sequencer.c:656
+#: sequencer.c:1712
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
-msgstr "git %s: Fehler beim Lesen der Staging-Area"
+msgstr "git %s: Fehler beim Lesen des Index"
 
-#: sequencer.c:660
+#: sequencer.c:1718
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
-msgstr "git %s: Fehler beim Aktualisieren der Staging-Area"
+msgstr "git %s: Fehler beim Aktualisieren des Index"
 
-#: sequencer.c:720
+#: sequencer.c:1792
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
-msgstr "Kann %s nicht während eines %s durchführen"
+msgid "%s does not accept arguments: '%s'"
+msgstr "%s akzeptiert keine Argumente: '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:742
+#: sequencer.c:1801
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse line %d."
-msgstr "Konnte Zeile %d nicht parsen."
+msgid "missing arguments for %s"
+msgstr "Fehlende Argumente für %s."
 
-#: sequencer.c:747
-msgid "No commits parsed."
-msgstr "Keine Commits geparst."
+#: sequencer.c:1844
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "Ungültige Zeile %d: %.*s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:760
+#: sequencer.c:1852
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open %s"
-msgstr "Konnte %s nicht öffnen"
+msgid "cannot '%s' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "Kann '%s' nicht ohne vorherigen Commit ausführen"
 
-#: sequencer.c:764
+#: sequencer.c:1883 sequencer.c:3056 sequencer.c:3091
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not read %s."
-msgstr "Konnte %s nicht lesen."
+msgid "could not read '%s'."
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht lesen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1906
+msgid "please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr ""
+"Bitte beheben Sie dieses, indem Sie 'git rebase --edit-todo' ausführen."
 
-#: sequencer.c:771
+#: sequencer.c:1908
 #, c-format
-msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
-msgstr "Unbenutzbares Instruktionsblatt: %s"
+msgid "unusable instruction sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "Unbenutzbares Instruktionsblatt: '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:801
+#: sequencer.c:1913
+msgid "no commits parsed."
+msgstr "Keine Commits geparst."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1924
+msgid "cannot cherry-pick during a revert."
+msgstr "Kann Cherry-Pick nicht während eines Reverts ausführen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1926
+msgid "cannot revert during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr "Kann Revert nicht während eines Cherry-Picks ausführen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1993
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid key: %s"
+msgid "invalid key: %s"
 msgstr "Ungültiger Schlüssel: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:804
+#: sequencer.c:1996
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgid "invalid value for %s: %s"
 msgstr "Ungültiger Wert für %s: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:816
+#: sequencer.c:2062
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
-msgstr "Fehlerhaftes Optionsblatt: %s"
+msgid "malformed options sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehlerhaftes Optionsblatt: '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:837
+#: sequencer.c:2100
 msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
 msgstr "\"cherry-pick\" oder \"revert\" ist bereits im Gang"
 
-#: sequencer.c:838
+#: sequencer.c:2101
 msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 msgstr "versuchen Sie \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:842
+#: sequencer.c:2104
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
-msgstr "Konnte \"sequencer\"-Verzeichnis %s nicht erstellen"
+msgid "could not create sequencer directory '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte \"sequencer\"-Verzeichnis '%s' nicht erstellen."
 
-#: sequencer.c:858 sequencer.c:943
-#, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
-msgstr "Fehler beim Einpacken von %s."
+#: sequencer.c:2118
+msgid "could not lock HEAD"
+msgstr "Konnte HEAD nicht sperren"
 
-#: sequencer.c:877 sequencer.c:1013
+#: sequencer.c:2173 sequencer.c:2761
 msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
 msgstr "kein \"cherry-pick\" oder \"revert\" im Gang"
 
-#: sequencer.c:879
+#: sequencer.c:2175
 msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
 msgstr "kann HEAD nicht auflösen"
 
-#: sequencer.c:881
+#: sequencer.c:2177 sequencer.c:2212
 msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
-msgstr "kann nicht abbrechen: bin auf einem Branch, der noch geboren wird"
+msgstr "kann nicht abbrechen: bin auf einem Branch, der noch nicht geboren ist"
 
-#: sequencer.c:903 builtin/apply.c:4128
+#: sequencer.c:2198 builtin/grep.c:720
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
-msgstr "Kann %s nicht öffnen: %s"
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr "kann '%s' nicht öffnen"
 
-#: sequencer.c:906
+#: sequencer.c:2200
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
-msgstr "Kann %s nicht lesen: %s"
+msgid "cannot read '%s': %s"
+msgstr "Kann '%s' nicht lesen: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:907
+#: sequencer.c:2201
 msgid "unexpected end of file"
 msgstr "Unerwartetes Dateiende"
 
-#: sequencer.c:913
+#: sequencer.c:2207
 #, c-format
 msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
 msgstr "gespeicherte \"pre-cherry-pick\" HEAD Datei '%s' ist beschädigt"
 
-#: sequencer.c:936
+#: sequencer.c:2218
+msgid "You seem to have moved HEAD. Not rewinding, check your HEAD!"
+msgstr ""
+"Sie scheinen HEAD verändert zu haben. Keine Rückspulung, prüfen Sie HEAD."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2324 sequencer.c:2679
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update %s"
+msgstr "Konnte %s nicht aktualisieren."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2362 sequencer.c:2659
+msgid "cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "Kann HEAD nicht lesen"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2402 builtin/difftool.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht nach '%s' kopieren."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2421
+msgid "could not read index"
+msgstr "Konnte den Index nicht lesen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2426
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution failed: %s\n"
+"%sYou can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ausführung fehlgeschlagen: %s\n"
+"%sSie können das Problem beheben, und dann\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+"ausführen.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2432
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+msgstr "Der Index und/oder das Arbeitsverzeichnis wurde geändert.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2438
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution succeeded: %s\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ausführung erfolgreich: %s\n"
+"Aber Änderungen in Index oder Arbeitsverzeichnis verblieben.\n"
+"Committen Sie Ihre Änderungen oder benutzen Sie \"stash\".\n"
+"Führen Sie dann aus:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2497
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied autostash.\n"
+msgstr "Automatischen Stash angewendet.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2509
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot store %s"
+msgstr "kann %s nicht speichern"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2512 git-rebase.sh:178
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
+"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
+"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Anwendung des automatischen Stash resultierte in Konflikten.\n"
+"Ihre Änderungen sind im Stash sicher.\n"
+"Sie können jederzeit \"git stash pop\" oder \"git stash drop\" ausführen.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2595
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not format %s."
-msgstr "Konnte %s nicht formatieren."
+msgid "Stopped at %s...  %.*s\n"
+msgstr "Angehalten bei %s... %.*s\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1081
+#: sequencer.c:2637
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command %d"
+msgstr "Unbekannter Befehl %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2667
+msgid "could not read orig-head"
+msgstr "Konnte orig-head nicht lesen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2672 sequencer.c:3262
+msgid "could not read 'onto'"
+msgstr "Konnte 'onto' nicht lesen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2686
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update HEAD to %s"
+msgstr "Konnte HEAD nicht auf %s aktualisieren."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2770
+msgid "cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Rebase nicht möglich: Sie haben Änderungen, die nicht zum Commit\n"
+"vorgemerkt sind."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2775
+msgid "could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "Konnte CHERRY_PICK_HEAD nicht löschen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2784
+msgid "cannot amend non-existing commit"
+msgstr "Kann nicht existierenden Commit nicht nachbessern."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2786
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid file: '%s'"
+msgstr "Ungültige Datei: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2788
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid contents: '%s'"
+msgstr "Ungültige Inhalte: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2791
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please, commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Sie haben nicht committete Änderungen in Ihrem Arbeitsverzeichnis. Bitte\n"
+"committen Sie diese zuerst und führen Sie dann 'git rebase --continue'\n"
+"erneut aus."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2801
+msgid "could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "Konnte Änderungen aus der Staging-Area nicht committen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2881
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"
 msgstr "%s: %s kann nicht in \"cherry-pick\" benutzt werden"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1084
+#: sequencer.c:2885
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: bad revision"
 msgstr "%s: ungültiger Commit"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1118
-msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
+#: sequencer.c:2918
+msgid "can't revert as initial commit"
 msgstr "Kann nicht als allerersten Commit einen Revert ausführen."
 
-#: sequencer.c:1119
-msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
-msgstr "Kann nicht als allerersten Commit einen Cherry-Pick ausführen."
+#: sequencer.c:3023
+msgid "make_script: unhandled options"
+msgstr "make_script: unbehandelte Optionen"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3026
+msgid "make_script: error preparing revisions"
+msgstr "make_script: Fehler beim Vorbereiten der Commits"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3060 sequencer.c:3095
+#, c-format
+msgid "unusable todo list: '%s'"
+msgstr "Unbenutzbare TODO-Liste: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3146
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unrecognized setting %s for option rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Ignoring."
+msgstr ""
+"Nicht erkannte Einstellung %s für Option rebase.missingCommitsCheck. "
+"Ignoriere."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3212
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: some commits may have been dropped accidentally.\n"
+"Dropped commits (newer to older):\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Warnung: Einige Commits könnten aus Versehen entfernt worden sein.\n"
+"Entfernte Commits (neu zu alt):\n"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:440
+#: sequencer.c:3219
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"To avoid this message, use \"drop\" to explicitly remove a commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Use 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' to change the level of "
+"warnings.\n"
+"The possible behaviours are: ignore, warn, error.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Um diese Meldung zu vermeiden, benutzen Sie \"drop\", um exlizit Commits zu\n"
+"entfernen.\n"
+"\n"
+"Benutzen Sie 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck', um die Stufe der\n"
+"Warnungen zu ändern.\n"
+"Die möglichen Verhaltensweisen sind: ignore, warn, error.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3231
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You can fix this with 'git rebase --edit-todo' and then run 'git rebase --"
+"continue'.\n"
+"Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Sie können das mit 'git rebase --edit-todo' beheben. Führen Sie danach\n"
+"'git rebase --continue' aus.\n"
+"Oder Sie können den Rebase mit 'git rebase --abort' abbrechen.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3244 sequencer.c:3304 wrapper.c:225 wrapper.c:395
+#: builtin/am.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht zum Schreiben öffnen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3285
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Commit '%s' nicht parsen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3401
+msgid "the script was already rearranged."
+msgstr "Das Script wurde bereits umgeordnet."
+
+#: setup.c:122
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is outside repository"
+msgstr "'%s' liegt außerhalb des Repositories."
+
+#: setup.c:171
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s: no such path in the working tree.\n"
+"Use 'git <command> -- <path>...' to specify paths that do not exist locally."
+msgstr ""
+"%s: kein solcher Pfad im Arbeitsverzeichnis.\n"
+"Benutzen Sie 'git <Befehl> -- <Pfad>...' zur Angabe von Pfaden, die lokal\n"
+"nicht existieren."
+
+#: setup.c:184
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"mehrdeutiges Argument '%s': unbekannter Commit oder Pfad existiert nicht\n"
+"im Arbeitsverzeichnis\n"
+"Benutzen Sie '--', um Pfade und Commits zu trennen, ähnlich wie:\n"
+"'git <Befehl> [<Commit>...] -- [<Datei>...]'"
+
+#: setup.c:233
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' must come before non-option arguments"
+msgstr "Die Option '%s' muss vor den Argumenten kommen, die keine Optionen sind."
+
+#: setup.c:252
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"mehrdeutiges Argument '%s': sowohl Commit als auch Dateiname\n"
+"Benutzen Sie '--', um Pfade und Commits zu trennen, ähnlich wie:\n"
+"'git <Befehl> [<Commit>...] -- [<Datei>...]'"
+
+#: setup.c:388
+msgid "unable to set up work tree using invalid config"
+msgstr "Konnte Arbeitsverzeichnis mit ungültiger Konfiguration nicht einrichten."
+
+#: setup.c:395
+msgid "this operation must be run in a work tree"
+msgstr "Diese Operation muss in einem Arbeitsverzeichnis ausgeführt werden."
+
+#: setup.c:506
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d"
+msgstr "Erwartete Git-Repository-Version <= %d, %d gefunden"
+
+#: setup.c:514
+msgid "unknown repository extensions found:"
+msgstr "Unbekannte Repository-Erweiterungen gefunden:"
+
+#: setup.c:533
+#, c-format
+msgid "error opening '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Öffnen von '%s'."
+
+#: setup.c:535
+#, c-format
+msgid "too large to be a .git file: '%s'"
+msgstr "Zu groß, um eine .git-Datei zu sein: '%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:537
+#, c-format
+msgid "error reading %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Lesen von '%s'."
+
+#: setup.c:539
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid gitfile format: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiges gitfile-Format: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:541
+#, c-format
+msgid "no path in gitfile: %s"
+msgstr "Kein Pfad in gitfile: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:543
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: %s"
+msgstr "Kein Git-Repository: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:642
+#, c-format
+msgid "'$%s' too big"
+msgstr "'$%s' zu groß"
+
+#: setup.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: '%s'"
+msgstr "Kein Git-Repository: '%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:685 setup.c:687 setup.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to '%s'"
+msgstr "Kann nicht in Verzeichnis '%s' wechseln."
+
+#: setup.c:690 setup.c:746 setup.c:756 setup.c:795 setup.c:803 setup.c:818
+msgid "cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr "Kann nicht zum aktuellen Arbeitsverzeichnis zurückwechseln."
+
+#: setup.c:816
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): %s"
+msgstr "Kein Git-Repository (oder irgendeines der Elternverzeichnisse): %s"
+
+#: setup.c:827
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%*s%s%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%*s%s%s' nicht lesen."
+
+#: setup.c:1057
+msgid "Unable to read current working directory"
+msgstr "Konnte aktuelles Arbeitsverzeichnis nicht lesen."
+
+#: setup.c:1069 setup.c:1075
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot change to '%s'"
+msgstr "Kann nicht nach '%s' wechseln."
+
+#: setup.c:1088
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not a git repository (or any parent up to mount point %s)\n"
+"Stopping at filesystem boundary (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM not set)."
+msgstr ""
+"Kein Git-Repository (oder irgendein Elternverzeichnis bis zum Einhängepunkt "
+"%s)\n"
+"Stoppe bei Dateisystemgrenze (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM nicht gesetzt)."
+
+#: setup.c:1172
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"problem with core.sharedRepository filemode value (0%.3o).\n"
+"The owner of files must always have read and write permissions."
+msgstr ""
+"Problem mit Wert für Dateimodus (0%.3o) von core.sharedRepository.\n"
+"Der Besitzer der Dateien muss immer Lese- und Schreibrechte haben."
+
+#: setup.c:1215
+msgid "open /dev/null or dup failed"
+msgstr "Öffnen von /dev/null oder dup fehlgeschlagen."
+
+#: setup.c:1230
+msgid "fork failed"
+msgstr "fork fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: setup.c:1235
+msgid "setsid failed"
+msgstr "setsid fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: sha1_file.c:592
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "Pfad '%s' existiert nicht"
+
+#: sha1_file.c:618
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' as a linked checkout is not supported yet."
+msgstr ""
+"Referenziertes Repository '%s' wird noch nicht als verknüpftes\n"
+"Arbeitsverzeichnis unterstützt."
+
+#: sha1_file.c:624
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
+msgstr "Referenziertes Repository '%s' ist kein lokales Repository."
+
+#: sha1_file.c:630
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
+msgstr ""
+"Referenziertes Repository '%s' hat eine unvollständige Historie (shallow)."
+
+#: sha1_file.c:638
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
+msgstr ""
+"Referenziertes Repository '%s' ist mit künstlichen Vorgängern (\"grafts\") "
+"eingehängt."
+
+#: sha1_name.c:422
+#, c-format
+msgid "short SHA1 %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "Kurzer SHA-1 %s ist mehrdeutig."
+
+#: sha1_name.c:433
+msgid "The candidates are:"
+msgstr "Die Kandidaten sind:"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:693
 msgid ""
 "Git normally never creates a ref that ends with 40 hex characters\n"
 "because it will be ignored when you just specify 40-hex. These refs\n"
@@ -1433,381 +4024,858 @@ msgstr ""
 "indem Sie \"git config advice.objectNameWarning false\"\n"
 "ausführen."
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1068
-msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
-msgstr "HEAD zeigt auf keinen Branch"
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1071
-#, c-format
-msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
-msgstr "Kein solcher Branch '%s'"
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1073
-#, c-format
-msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
-msgstr "Kein Upstream-Branch für Branch '%s' konfiguriert."
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1077
-#, c-format
-msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
-msgstr "Upstream-Branch '%s' ist nicht als Remote-Tracking-Branch gespeichert"
-
-#: submodule.c:64 submodule.c:98
+#: submodule.c:96 submodule.c:130
 msgid "Cannot change unmerged .gitmodules, resolve merge conflicts first"
 msgstr ""
 "Kann nicht zusammengeführte .gitmodules-Datei nicht ändern, lösen\n"
 "Sie zuerst die Konflikte auf"
 
-#: submodule.c:68 submodule.c:102
+#: submodule.c:100 submodule.c:134
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find section in .gitmodules where path=%s"
 msgstr "Konnte keine Sektion in .gitmodules mit Pfad \"%s\" finden"
 
-#: submodule.c:76
+#: submodule.c:108
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not update .gitmodules entry %s"
 msgstr "Konnte Eintrag '%s' in .gitmodules nicht aktualisieren"
 
-#: submodule.c:109
+#: submodule.c:141
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not remove .gitmodules entry for %s"
 msgstr "Konnte Eintrag '%s' nicht aus .gitmodules entfernen"
 
-#: submodule.c:120
+#: submodule.c:152
 msgid "staging updated .gitmodules failed"
 msgstr "Konnte aktualisierte .gitmodules-Datei nicht zum Commit vormerken"
 
-#: submodule.c:1111 builtin/init-db.c:371
+#: submodule.c:312
+#, c-format
+msgid "in unpopulated submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "In nicht ausgechecktem Submodul '%s'."
+
+#: submodule.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "Pfadspezifikation '%s' befindet sich in Submodul '%.*s'"
+
+#: submodule.c:833
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule entry '%s' (%s) is a %s, not a commit"
+msgstr "Submodul-Eintrag '%s' (%s) ist ein %s, kein Commit."
+
+#: submodule.c:1065 builtin/branch.c:648 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1724
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr "Konnte HEAD nicht als gültige Referenz auflösen."
+
+#: submodule.c:1370
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create git link %s"
-msgstr "Konnte git-Verweis %s nicht erstellen"
+msgid "'%s' not recognized as a git repository"
+msgstr "'%s' nicht als Git-Repository erkannt"
 
-#: submodule.c:1122
+#: submodule.c:1508
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not set core.worktree in %s"
-msgstr "Konnte core.worktree in '%s' nicht setzen."
+msgid "could not start 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte 'git status' in Submodul '%s' nicht starten."
+
+#: submodule.c:1521
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not run 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte 'git status' in Submodul '%s' nicht ausführen."
+
+#: submodule.c:1614
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' has dirty index"
+msgstr "Submodul '%s' hat einen geänderten Index."
+
+#: submodule.c:1878
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"relocate_gitdir for submodule '%s' with more than one worktree not supported"
+msgstr ""
+"relocate_gitdir für Submodul '%s' mit mehr als einem Arbeitsverzeichnis\n"
+"wird nicht unterstützt"
 
-#: trailer.c:500 trailer.c:504 trailer.c:508 trailer.c:562 trailer.c:566
-#: trailer.c:570
+#: submodule.c:1890 submodule.c:1946
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup name for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "konnte Name für Submodul '%s' nicht nachschlagen"
+
+#: submodule.c:1894 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1246
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1256
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Verzeichnis '%s' nicht erstellen."
+
+#: submodule.c:1897
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Migrating git directory of '%s%s' from\n"
+"'%s' to\n"
+"'%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Migriere Git-Verzeichnis von '%s%s' von\n"
+"'%s' nach\n"
+"'%s'\n"
+
+#: submodule.c:1981
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler bei Rekursion in Submodul-Pfad '%s'"
+
+#: submodule.c:2025
+msgid "could not start ls-files in .."
+msgstr "Konnte 'ls-files' nicht in .. starten"
+
+#: submodule.c:2045
+msgid "BUG: returned path string doesn't match cwd?"
+msgstr "FEHLER: zurückgegebene Zeichenkette für Pfad entspricht nicht cwd?"
+
+#: submodule.c:2064
+#, c-format
+msgid "ls-tree returned unexpected return code %d"
+msgstr "ls-tree mit unerwartetem Rückgabewert %d beendet"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:263
+msgid "negative values not allowed for submodule.fetchjobs"
+msgstr "Negative Werte für submodule.fetchjobs nicht erlaubt."
+
+#: submodule-config.c:436
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid value for %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Wert für %s"
+
+#: trailer.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "running trailer command '%s' failed"
+msgstr "Ausführen des Anhang-Befehls '%s' fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: trailer.c:485 trailer.c:490 trailer.c:495 trailer.c:549 trailer.c:553
+#: trailer.c:557
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"
 msgstr "unbekannter Wert '%s' für Schlüssel %s"
 
-#: trailer.c:552 trailer.c:557 builtin/remote.c:290
+#: trailer.c:539 trailer.c:544 builtin/remote.c:290
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than one %s"
 msgstr "mehr als ein %s"
 
-#: trailer.c:590
+#: trailer.c:730
 #, c-format
 msgid "empty trailer token in trailer '%.*s'"
 msgstr "leerer Anhang-Token in Anhang '%.*s'"
 
-#: trailer.c:710
+#: trailer.c:750
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read input file '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Eingabe-Datei '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: trailer.c:713
+#: trailer.c:753
 msgid "could not read from stdin"
 msgstr "konnte nicht von der Standard-Eingabe lesen"
 
-#: unpack-trees.c:202
+#: trailer.c:1008 builtin/am.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat %s"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht lesen"
+
+#: trailer.c:1010
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not a regular file"
+msgstr "Datei '%s' ist keine reguläre Datei"
+
+#: trailer.c:1012
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not writable by user"
+msgstr "Datei %s ist vom Benutzer nicht beschreibbar."
+
+#: trailer.c:1024
+msgid "could not open temporary file"
+msgstr "konnte temporäre Datei '%s' nicht öffnen"
+
+#: trailer.c:1064
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not rename temporary file to %s"
+msgstr "konnte temporäre Datei nicht zu %s umbenennen"
+
+#: transport.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would set upstream of '%s' to '%s' of '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Würde Upstream-Branch von '%s' zu '%s' von '%s' setzen\n"
+
+#: transport.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid "transport: invalid depth option '%s'"
+msgstr "transport: ungültige --depth Option '%s'"
+
+#: transport.c:916
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following submodule paths contain changes that can\n"
+"not be found on any remote:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Die folgenden Submodul-Pfade enthalten Änderungen, die in keinem\n"
+"Remote-Repository gefunden wurden:\n"
+
+#: transport.c:920
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Please try\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"or cd to the path and use\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"to push them to a remote.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Bitte versuchen Sie\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"oder wechseln Sie in das Verzeichnis und benutzen Sie\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"zum Versenden zu einem Remote-Repository.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: transport.c:928
+msgid "Aborting."
+msgstr "Abbruch."
+
+#: transport-helper.c:1079
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read ref %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Referenz %s nicht lesen."
+
+#: tree-walk.c:31
+msgid "too-short tree object"
+msgstr "zu kurzes Tree-Objekt"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:37
+msgid "malformed mode in tree entry"
+msgstr "fehlerhafter Modus in Tree-Eintrag"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:41
+msgid "empty filename in tree entry"
+msgstr "leerer Dateiname in Tree-Eintrag"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:114
+msgid "too-short tree file"
+msgstr "zu kurze Tree-Datei"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Ihre lokalen Änderungen in den folgenden Dateien würden beim Auschecken\n"
+"überschrieben werden:\n"
+"%%sBitte committen oder stashen Sie Ihre Änderungen, bevor Sie Branches\n"
+"wechseln."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Ihre lokalen Änderungen in den folgenden Dateien würden beim Auschecken\n"
+"überschrieben werden:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:113
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Ihre lokalen Änderungen in den folgenden Dateien würden durch den Merge\n"
+"überschrieben werden:\n"
+"%%sBitte committen oder stashen Sie Ihre Änderungen, bevor Sie mergen."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Ihre lokalen Änderungen in den folgenden Dateien würden durch den Merge\n"
+"überschrieben werden:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Ihre lokalen Änderungen in den folgenden Dateien würden durch %s\n"
+"überschrieben werden:\n"
+"%%sBitte committen oder stashen Sie Ihre Änderungen, bevor Sie %s ausführen."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:120
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Ihre lokalen Änderungen würden durch %s überschrieben werden.\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:125
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Updating the following directories would lose untracked files in them:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Durch die Aktualisierung der folgenden Verzeichnisse würden unversionierte\n"
+"Dateien in diesen Verzeichnissen verloren gehen:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:129
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Die folgenden unversionierten Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis würden durch\n"
+"den Checkout entfernt werden:\n"
+"%%sBitte verschieben oder entfernen Sie diese, bevor Sie Branches wechseln."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:131
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Die folgenden unversionierten Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis würden durch "
+"den\n"
+"Checkout entfernt werden:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Die folgenden unversionierten Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis würden durch\n"
+"den Merge entfernt werden:\n"
+"%%sBitte verschieben oder entfernen Sie diese, bevor sie mergen."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:136
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Die folgenden unversionierten Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis würden durch "
+"den\n"
+"Merge entfernt werden:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Die folgenden unversionierten Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis würden durch\n"
+"den %s entfernt werden:\n"
+"%%sBitte verschieben oder entfernen Sie diese, bevor sie %s ausführen."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:141
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Die folgenden unversionierten Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis würden durch\n"
+"den %s entfernt werden:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:146
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Die folgenden unversionierten Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis würden durch\n"
+"den Checkout überschrieben werden:\n"
+"%%sBitte verschieben oder entfernen Sie diese, bevor Sie Branches wechseln."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:148
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Die folgenden unversionierten Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis würden durch "
+"den\n"
+"Checkout überschrieben werden:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Die folgenden unversionierten Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis würden durch\n"
+"den Merge überschrieben werden:\n"
+"%%sBitte verschieben oder entfernen Sie diese, bevor Sie mergen."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:153
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Die folgenden unversionierten Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis würden durch\n"
+"den Merge überschrieben werden:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:156
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Die folgenden unversionierten Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis würden durch\n"
+"den %s überschrieben werden:\n"
+"%%sBitte verschieben oder entfernen Sie diese, bevor sie %s ausführen."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Die folgenden unversionierten Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis würden durch "
+"den\n"
+"%s überschrieben werden:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:165
+#, c-format
+msgid "Entry '%s' overlaps with '%s'.  Cannot bind."
+msgstr "Eintrag '%s' überschneidet sich mit '%s'. Kann nicht verbinden."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update sparse checkout: the following entries are not up to date:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kann partiellen Checkout nicht aktualisieren: die folgenden Einträge\n"
+"sind nicht aktuell:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be overwritten by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Die folgenden Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis würden durch die Aktualisierung\n"
+"über einen partiellen Checkout überschrieben werden:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:172
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be removed by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Die folgenden Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis würden durch die Aktualisierung\n"
+"über einen partiellen Checkout entfernt werden:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:174
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update submodule:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kann Submodul nicht aktualisieren:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting\n"
+msgstr "Abbruch\n"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:333
 msgid "Checking out files"
 msgstr "Checke Dateien aus"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:120
+#: urlmatch.c:163
 msgid "invalid URL scheme name or missing '://' suffix"
 msgstr "Ungültiges URL-Schema oder Suffix '://' fehlt"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:144 urlmatch.c:297 urlmatch.c:356
+#: urlmatch.c:187 urlmatch.c:346 urlmatch.c:405
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %XX escape sequence"
 msgstr "ungültige Escape-Sequenz %XX"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:172
+#: urlmatch.c:215
 msgid "missing host and scheme is not 'file:'"
 msgstr "fehlender Host und Schema ist nicht 'file:'"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:189
+#: urlmatch.c:232
 msgid "a 'file:' URL may not have a port number"
 msgstr "eine 'file:' URL darf keine Portnummer enthalten"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:199
+#: urlmatch.c:247
 msgid "invalid characters in host name"
 msgstr "Hostname enthält ungültige Zeichen"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:244 urlmatch.c:255
+#: urlmatch.c:292 urlmatch.c:303
 msgid "invalid port number"
 msgstr "ungültige Portnummer"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:322
+#: urlmatch.c:371
 msgid "invalid '..' path segment"
 msgstr "ungültiges '..' Pfadsegment"
 
-#: wrapper.c:509
+#: worktree.c:245 builtin/am.c:2147
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
-msgstr "konnte nicht auf '%s' zugreifen: %s"
+msgid "failed to read '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Lesen von '%s'"
 
-#: wrapper.c:530
+#: worktree.c:291
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to access '%s'"
-msgstr "konnte nicht auf '%s' zugreifen"
+msgid "'%s' at main working tree is not the repository directory"
+msgstr "'%s' im Hauptarbeitsverzeichnis ist nicht das Repository-Verzeichnis."
+
+#: worktree.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' file does not contain absolute path to the working tree location"
+msgstr "'%s' Datei enthält nicht den absoluten Pfad zum Arbeitsverzeichnis."
+
+#: worktree.c:314
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "'%s' existiert nicht."
+
+#: worktree.c:320
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a .git file, error code %d"
+msgstr "'%s' ist keine .git-Datei, Fehlercode %d"
+
+#: worktree.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point back to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' zeigt nicht zurück auf '%s'"
+
+#: wrapper.c:223 wrapper.c:393
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading and writing"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht zum Lesen und Schreiben öffnen."
 
-#: wrapper.c:541
+#: wrapper.c:227 wrapper.c:397 builtin/am.c:320 builtin/am.c:770
+#: builtin/am.c:862 builtin/merge.c:1044
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
-msgstr "konnte aktuellen Benutzer nicht in Passwort-Datei finden: %s"
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht zum Lesen öffnen."
 
-#: wrapper.c:542
-msgid "no such user"
-msgstr "kein solcher Benutzer"
+#: wrapper.c:424 wrapper.c:624
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s'"
+msgstr "konnte nicht auf '%s' zugreifen"
 
-#: wrapper.c:550
+#: wrapper.c:632
 msgid "unable to get current working directory"
 msgstr "Konnte aktuelles Arbeitsverzeichnis nicht bekommen."
 
-#: wt-status.c:150
+#: wt-status.c:151
 msgid "Unmerged paths:"
 msgstr "Nicht zusammengeführte Pfade:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:177 wt-status.c:204
+#: wt-status.c:178 wt-status.c:205
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git reset %s <Datei>...\" zum Entfernen aus der Staging-"
 "Area)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:179 wt-status.c:206
+#: wt-status.c:180 wt-status.c:207
 msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git rm --cached <Datei>...\" zum Entfernen aus der Staging-"
 "Area)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:183
+#: wt-status.c:184
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git add/rm <Datei>...\", um die Auflösung zu markieren)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:185 wt-status.c:189
+#: wt-status.c:186 wt-status.c:190
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git add/rm <Datei>...\", um die Auflösung entsprechend zu "
 "markieren)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:187
+#: wt-status.c:188
 msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git add/rm <Datei>...\", um die Auflösung zu markieren)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:198
+#: wt-status.c:199 wt-status.c:1007
 msgid "Changes to be committed:"
 msgstr "zum Commit vorgemerkte Änderungen:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:216
+#: wt-status.c:217 wt-status.c:1016
 msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
 msgstr "Änderungen, die nicht zum Commit vorgemerkt sind:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:220
+#: wt-status.c:221
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git add <Datei>...\", um die Änderungen zum Commit "
 "vorzumerken)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:222
+#: wt-status.c:223
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git add/rm <Datei>...\", um die Änderungen zum Commit "
 "vorzumerken)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:223
+#: wt-status.c:224
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git checkout -- <Datei>...\", um die Änderungen im "
 "Arbeitsverzeichnis zu verwerfen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:225
+#: wt-status.c:226
 msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (committen oder verwerfen Sie den unversionierten oder geänderten Inhalt "
 "in den Submodulen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:237
+#: wt-status.c:238
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git %s <Datei>...\", um die Änderungen zum Commit "
 "vorzumerken)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:252
+#: wt-status.c:253
 msgid "both deleted:"
 msgstr "beide gelöscht:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:254
+#: wt-status.c:255
 msgid "added by us:"
 msgstr "von uns hinzugefügt:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:256
+#: wt-status.c:257
 msgid "deleted by them:"
 msgstr "von denen gelöscht:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:258
+#: wt-status.c:259
 msgid "added by them:"
 msgstr "von denen hinzugefügt:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:260
+#: wt-status.c:261
 msgid "deleted by us:"
 msgstr "von uns gelöscht:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:262
+#: wt-status.c:263
 msgid "both added:"
 msgstr "von beiden hinzugefügt:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:264
+#: wt-status.c:265
 msgid "both modified:"
 msgstr "von beiden geändert:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:266
-#, c-format
-msgid "bug: unhandled unmerged status %x"
-msgstr "Bug: unbehandelter Unmerged-Status %x"
-
-#: wt-status.c:274
+#: wt-status.c:275
 msgid "new file:"
 msgstr "neue Datei:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:276
+#: wt-status.c:277
 msgid "copied:"
 msgstr "kopiert:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:278
+#: wt-status.c:279
 msgid "deleted:"
 msgstr "gelöscht:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:280
+#: wt-status.c:281
 msgid "modified:"
 msgstr "geändert:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:282
+#: wt-status.c:283
 msgid "renamed:"
 msgstr "umbenannt:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:284
+#: wt-status.c:285
 msgid "typechange:"
 msgstr "Typänderung:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:286
+#: wt-status.c:287
 msgid "unknown:"
 msgstr "unbekannt:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:288
+#: wt-status.c:289
 msgid "unmerged:"
 msgstr "nicht gemerged:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:370
+#: wt-status.c:369
 msgid "new commits, "
 msgstr "neue Commits, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:372
+#: wt-status.c:371
 msgid "modified content, "
 msgstr "geänderter Inhalt, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:374
+#: wt-status.c:373
 msgid "untracked content, "
 msgstr "unversionierter Inhalt, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:391
+#: wt-status.c:847
 #, c-format
-msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
-msgstr "Fehler: unbehandelter Differenz-Status %c"
+msgid "Your stash currently has %d entry"
+msgid_plural "Your stash currently has %d entries"
+msgstr[0] "Ihr Stash hat gerade %d Eintrag"
+msgstr[1] "Ihr Stash hat gerade %d Einträge"
 
-#: wt-status.c:758
+#: wt-status.c:879
 msgid "Submodules changed but not updated:"
 msgstr "Submodule geändert, aber nicht aktualisiert:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:760
+#: wt-status.c:881
 msgid "Submodule changes to be committed:"
 msgstr "Änderungen in Submodul zum Committen:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:839
+#: wt-status.c:963
 msgid ""
-"Do not touch the line above.\n"
-"Everything below will be removed."
+"Do not modify or remove the line above.\n"
+"Everything below it will be ignored."
 msgstr ""
-"Ändern Sie nicht die obige Zeile.\n"
-"Alles unterhalb von ihr wird entfernt."
+"Ändern oder entfernen Sie nicht die obige Zeile.\n"
+"Alles unterhalb von ihr wird ignoriert."
 
-#: wt-status.c:930
+#: wt-status.c:1076
 msgid "You have unmerged paths."
 msgstr "Sie haben nicht zusammengeführte Pfade."
 
-#: wt-status.c:933
+#: wt-status.c:1079
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
 msgstr " (beheben Sie die Konflikte und führen Sie \"git commit\" aus)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:936
+#: wt-status.c:1081
+msgid "  (use \"git merge --abort\" to abort the merge)"
+msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git merge --abort\", um den Merge abzubrechen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1086
 msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
 msgstr "Alle Konflikte sind behoben, aber Sie sind immer noch beim Merge."
 
-#: wt-status.c:939
+#: wt-status.c:1089
 msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
 msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git commit\", um den Merge abzuschließen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:949
+#: wt-status.c:1099
 msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
 msgstr "Eine \"am\"-Sitzung ist im Gange."
 
-#: wt-status.c:952
+#: wt-status.c:1102
 msgid "The current patch is empty."
 msgstr "Der aktuelle Patch ist leer."
 
-#: wt-status.c:956
+#: wt-status.c:1106
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (beheben Sie die Konflikte und führen Sie dann \"git am --continue\" aus)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:958
+#: wt-status.c:1108
 msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git am --skip\", um diesen Patch auszulassen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:960
+#: wt-status.c:1110
 msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git am --abort\", um den ursprünglichen Branch "
 "wiederherzustellen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1020 wt-status.c:1037
+#: wt-status.c:1242
+msgid "git-rebase-todo is missing."
+msgstr "git-rebase-todo fehlt."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1244
+msgid "No commands done."
+msgstr "Keine Befehle ausgeführt."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1247
+#, c-format
+msgid "Last command done (%d command done):"
+msgid_plural "Last commands done (%d commands done):"
+msgstr[0] "Zuletzt ausgeführter Befehl (%d Befehl ausgeführt):"
+msgstr[1] "Zuletzt ausgeführte Befehle (%d Befehle ausgeführt):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1258
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (see more in file %s)"
+msgstr "  (mehr Informationen in Datei %s)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1263
+msgid "No commands remaining."
+msgstr "Keine Befehle verbleibend."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1266
+#, c-format
+msgid "Next command to do (%d remaining command):"
+msgid_plural "Next commands to do (%d remaining commands):"
+msgstr[0] "Nächster auszuführender Befehl (%d Befehle verbleibend):"
+msgstr[1] "Nächste auszuführende Befehle (%d Befehle verbleibend):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1274
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --edit-todo\" to view and edit)"
+msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git rebase --edit-todo\" zum Ansehen und Bearbeiten)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr "Sie sind gerade beim Rebase von Branch '%s' auf '%s'."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1025 wt-status.c:1042
+#: wt-status.c:1292
 msgid "You are currently rebasing."
 msgstr "Sie sind gerade beim Rebase."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1028
+#: wt-status.c:1306
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (beheben Sie die Konflikte und führen Sie dann \"git rebase --continue\" "
 "aus)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1030
+#: wt-status.c:1308
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git rebase --skip\", um diesen Patch auszulassen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1032
+#: wt-status.c:1310
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git rebase --abort\", um den ursprünglichen Branch "
 "auszuchecken)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1045
+#: wt-status.c:1316
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (alle Konflikte behoben: führen Sie \"git rebase --continue\" aus)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1049
+#: wt-status.c:1320
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
@@ -1815,130 +4883,138 @@ msgstr ""
 "Sie teilen gerade einen Commit auf, während ein Rebase von Branch '%s' auf "
 "'%s' im Gange ist."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1054
+#: wt-status.c:1325
 msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr "Sie teilen gerade einen Commit während eines Rebase auf."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1057
+#: wt-status.c:1328
 msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (Sobald Ihr Arbeitsverzeichnis unverändert ist, führen Sie \"git rebase --"
 "continue\" aus)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1061
+#: wt-status.c:1332
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 "Sie editieren gerade einen Commit während eines Rebase von Branch '%s' auf "
 "'%s'."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1066
+#: wt-status.c:1337
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr "Sie editieren gerade einen Commit während eines Rebase."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1069
+#: wt-status.c:1340
 msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git commit --amend\", um den aktuellen Commit "
 "nachzubessern)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1071
+#: wt-status.c:1342
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git rebase --continue\" sobald Ihre Änderungen "
 "abgeschlossen sind)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1081
+#: wt-status.c:1352
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently cherry-picking commit %s."
 msgstr "Sie führen gerade \"cherry-pick\" von Commit %s aus."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1086
+#: wt-status.c:1357
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (beheben Sie die Konflikte und führen Sie dann \"git cherry-pick --continue"
 "\" aus)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1089
+#: wt-status.c:1360
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (alle Konflikte behoben: führen Sie \"git cherry-pick --continue\" aus)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1091
+#: wt-status.c:1362
 msgid "  (use \"git cherry-pick --abort\" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git cherry-pick --abort\", um die Cherry-Pick-Operation "
 "abzubrechen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1100
+#: wt-status.c:1371
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently reverting commit %s."
 msgstr "Sie sind gerade an einem Revert von Commit '%s'."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1105
+#: wt-status.c:1376
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (beheben Sie die Konflikte und führen Sie dann \"git revert --continue\" "
 "aus)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1108
+#: wt-status.c:1379
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (alle Konflikte behoben: führen Sie \"git revert --continue\" aus)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1110
+#: wt-status.c:1381
 msgid "  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git revert --abort\", um die Revert-Operation abzubrechen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1121
+#: wt-status.c:1392
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."
 msgstr "Sie sind gerade bei einer binären Suche, gestartet von Branch '%s'."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1125
+#: wt-status.c:1396
 msgid "You are currently bisecting."
 msgstr "Sie sind gerade bei einer binären Suche."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1128
+#: wt-status.c:1399
 msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (benutzen Sie \"git bisect reset\", um zum ursprünglichen Branch "
 "zurückzukehren)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1303
+#: wt-status.c:1596
 msgid "On branch "
 msgstr "Auf Branch "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1310
+#: wt-status.c:1602
+msgid "interactive rebase in progress; onto "
+msgstr "interaktives Rebase im Gange; auf "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1604
 msgid "rebase in progress; onto "
 msgstr "Rebase im Gange; auf "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1317
+#: wt-status.c:1609
 msgid "HEAD detached at "
 msgstr "HEAD losgelöst bei "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1319
+#: wt-status.c:1611
 msgid "HEAD detached from "
 msgstr "HEAD losgelöst von "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1322
+#: wt-status.c:1614
 msgid "Not currently on any branch."
 msgstr "Im Moment auf keinem Branch."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1339
+#: wt-status.c:1634
 msgid "Initial commit"
 msgstr "Initialer Commit"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1353
+#: wt-status.c:1635
+msgid "No commits yet"
+msgstr "Noch keine Commits"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1649
 msgid "Untracked files"
 msgstr "Unversionierte Dateien"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1355
+#: wt-status.c:1651
 msgid "Ignored files"
 msgstr "Ignorierte Dateien"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1359
+#: wt-status.c:1655
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
@@ -1949,734 +5025,706 @@ msgstr ""
 "'status -uno' könnte das beschleunigen, aber Sie müssen darauf achten,\n"
 "neue Dateien selbstständig hinzuzufügen (siehe 'git help status')."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1365
+#: wt-status.c:1661
 #, c-format
 msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
 msgstr "Unversionierte Dateien nicht aufgelistet%s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1367
+#: wt-status.c:1663
 msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
 msgstr " (benutzen Sie die Option -u, um unversionierte Dateien anzuzeigen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1373
+#: wt-status.c:1669
 msgid "No changes"
 msgstr "Keine Änderungen"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1378
+#: wt-status.c:1674
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
 msgstr ""
 "keine Änderungen zum Commit vorgemerkt (benutzen Sie \"git add\" und/oder "
 "\"git commit -a\")\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1381
+#: wt-status.c:1677
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
 msgstr "keine Änderungen zum Commit vorgemerkt\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1384
+#: wt-status.c:1680
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
 "track)\n"
 msgstr ""
-"nichts zum Commit vorgemerkt, aber es gibt unversionierte Dateien (benutzen "
-"Sie \"git add\" zum Versionieren)\n"
+"nichts zum Commit vorgemerkt, aber es gibt unversionierte Dateien\n"
+"(benutzen Sie \"git add\" zum Versionieren)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1387
+#: wt-status.c:1683
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
 msgstr "nichts zum Commit vorgemerkt, aber es gibt unversionierte Dateien\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1390
+#: wt-status.c:1686
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
 msgstr ""
-"nichts zu committen (Erstellen/Kopieren Sie Dateien und benutzen Sie \"git "
-"add\" zum Versionieren)\n"
+"nichts zu committen (erstellen/kopieren Sie Dateien und benutzen\n"
+"Sie \"git add\" zum Versionieren)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1393 wt-status.c:1398
+#: wt-status.c:1689 wt-status.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit\n"
 msgstr "nichts zu committen\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1396
+#: wt-status.c:1692
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
 msgstr ""
 "nichts zu committen (benutzen Sie die Option -u, um unversionierte Dateien "
 "anzuzeigen)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1400
+#: wt-status.c:1696
 #, c-format
-msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
+msgid "nothing to commit, working tree clean\n"
 msgstr "nichts zu committen, Arbeitsverzeichnis unverändert\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1509
+#: wt-status.c:1809
+msgid "No commits yet on "
+msgstr "Noch keine Commits in "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1813
 msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
 msgstr "HEAD (kein Branch)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1515
-msgid "Initial commit on "
-msgstr "Initialer Commit auf "
-
-#: wt-status.c:1547
-msgid "gone"
-msgstr "entfernt"
+#: wt-status.c:1844
+msgid "different"
+msgstr "unterschiedlich"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1549 wt-status.c:1557
+#: wt-status.c:1846 wt-status.c:1854
 msgid "behind "
 msgstr "hinterher "
 
-#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:55 builtin/clone.c:360
+#: wt-status.c:1849 wt-status.c:1852
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr "voraus "
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the action is e.g. "pull with rebase"
+#: wt-status.c:2358
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+"%s nicht möglich: Sie haben Änderungen, die nicht zum Commit vorgemerkt sind."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2364
+msgid "additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "Zusätzlich enthält die Staging-Area nicht committete Änderungen."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2366
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"%s nicht möglich: Die Staging-Area enthält nicht committete Änderungen."
+
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:440
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht entfernen."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:22
-msgid "git add [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git add [Optionen] [--] [<Pfadspezifikation>...]"
+#: builtin/add.c:24
+msgid "git add [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git add [<Optionen>] [--] <Pfadspezifikation>..."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:65
+#: builtin/add.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
 msgstr "unerwarteter Differenz-Status %c"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:70 builtin/commit.c:275
+#: builtin/add.c:88 builtin/commit.c:257
 msgid "updating files failed"
 msgstr "Aktualisierung der Dateien fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:80
+#: builtin/add.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "remove '%s'\n"
 msgstr "lösche '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:134
+#: builtin/add.c:173
 msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
 msgstr ""
 "Nicht zum Commit vorgemerkte Änderungen nach Aktualisierung der Staging-Area:"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:194 builtin/rev-parse.c:785
+#: builtin/add.c:233 builtin/rev-parse.c:888
 msgid "Could not read the index"
-msgstr "Konnte die Staging-Area nicht lesen"
+msgstr "Konnte den Index nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:205
+#: builtin/add.c:244
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
 msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht zum Schreiben öffnen."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:209
+#: builtin/add.c:248
 msgid "Could not write patch"
 msgstr "Konnte Patch nicht schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:214
+#: builtin/add.c:251
+msgid "editing patch failed"
+msgstr "Bearbeitung des Patches fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:254
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Verzeichnis '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:216
+#: builtin/add.c:256
 msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
 msgstr "Leerer Patch. Abgebrochen."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:221
+#: builtin/add.c:261
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht anwenden."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:231
+#: builtin/add.c:271
 msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Die folgenden Pfade werden durch eine Ihrer \".gitignore\" Dateien "
 "ignoriert:\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:248 builtin/clean.c:875 builtin/fetch.c:108 builtin/mv.c:110
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/push.c:499 builtin/remote.c:1372
-#: builtin/rm.c:269
+#: builtin/add.c:291 builtin/clean.c:911 builtin/fetch.c:146 builtin/mv.c:124
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/pull.c:207 builtin/push.c:541
+#: builtin/remote.c:1333 builtin/rm.c:242 builtin/send-pack.c:164
 msgid "dry run"
 msgstr "Probelauf"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:249 builtin/apply.c:4415 builtin/check-ignore.c:19
-#: builtin/commit.c:1326 builtin/count-objects.c:63 builtin/fsck.c:608
-#: builtin/log.c:1617 builtin/mv.c:109 builtin/read-tree.c:114
-msgid "be verbose"
-msgstr "erweiterte Ausgaben"
-
-#: builtin/add.c:251
+#: builtin/add.c:294
 msgid "interactive picking"
 msgstr "interaktives Auswählen"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:252 builtin/checkout.c:1126 builtin/reset.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:295 builtin/checkout.c:1128 builtin/reset.c:302
 msgid "select hunks interactively"
 msgstr "Blöcke interaktiv auswählen"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:253
+#: builtin/add.c:296
 msgid "edit current diff and apply"
 msgstr "aktuelle Unterschiede editieren und anwenden"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:254
+#: builtin/add.c:297
 msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
 msgstr "das Hinzufügen andernfalls ignorierter Dateien erlauben"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:255
+#: builtin/add.c:298
 msgid "update tracked files"
 msgstr "versionierte Dateien aktualisieren"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:256
+#: builtin/add.c:299
+msgid "renormalize EOL of tracked files (implies -u)"
+msgstr ""
+"erneutes Normalisieren der Zeilenenden von versionierten Dateien (impliziert "
+"-u)"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:300
 msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
 msgstr "nur speichern, dass der Pfad später hinzugefügt werden soll"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:257
+#: builtin/add.c:301
 msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr ""
 "Änderungen von allen versionierten und unversionierten Dateien hinzufügen"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:260
+#: builtin/add.c:304
 msgid "ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"
 msgstr "gelöschte Pfade im Arbeitsverzeichnis ignorieren (genau wie --no-all)"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:262
+#: builtin/add.c:306
 msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
-msgstr "nichts hinzufügen, nur die Staging-Area aktualisieren"
+msgstr "nichts hinzufügen, nur den Index aktualisieren"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:263
+#: builtin/add.c:307
 msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
 msgstr ""
 "Dateien überspringen, die aufgrund von Fehlern nicht hinzugefügt werden "
 "konnten"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:264
+#: builtin/add.c:308
 msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
 msgstr "prüfen ob - auch fehlende - Dateien im Probelauf ignoriert werden"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:309 builtin/update-index.c:964
+msgid "(+/-)x"
+msgstr "(+/-)x"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:309 builtin/update-index.c:965
+msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
+msgstr "das \"ausführbar\"-Bit der aufgelisteten Dateien überschreiben"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:311
+msgid "warn when adding an embedded repository"
+msgstr "warnen wenn eingebettetes Repository hinzugefügt wird"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:326
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You've added another git repository inside your current repository.\n"
+"Clones of the outer repository will not contain the contents of\n"
+"the embedded repository and will not know how to obtain it.\n"
+"If you meant to add a submodule, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If you added this path by mistake, you can remove it from the\n"
+"index with:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"See \"git help submodule\" for more information."
+msgstr ""
+"Sie haben ein Git-Repository innerhalb ihres aktuellen Repositories "
+"hinzugefügt.\n"
+"Klone des äußeren Repositories werden die Inhalte des eingebetteten "
+"Repositories\n"
+"weder enthalten, noch wissen, wie diese zu beschaffen sind.\n"
+"Wenn Sie ein Submodul hinzufügen wollten, benutzen Sie:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <URL> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Wenn Sie diesen Pfad aus Versehen hinzugefügt haben, können Sie diesen mit\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"vom Index entfernen.\n"
+"\n"
+"Siehe \"git help submodule\" für weitere Informationen."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:354
+#, c-format
+msgid "adding embedded git repository: %s"
+msgstr "Füge eingebettetes Repository hinzu: %s"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:372
 #, c-format
 msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
 msgstr "Verwenden Sie -f wenn Sie diese wirklich hinzufügen möchten.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:293
+#: builtin/add.c:380
 msgid "adding files failed"
 msgstr "Hinzufügen von Dateien fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:329
+#: builtin/add.c:417
 msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
 msgstr "Die Optionen -A und -u sind zueinander inkompatibel."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:336
+#: builtin/add.c:424
 msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
 msgstr ""
 "Die Option --ignore-missing kann nur zusammen mit --dry-run verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:357
+#: builtin/add.c:428
+#, c-format
+msgid "--chmod param '%s' must be either -x or +x"
+msgstr "--chmod Parameter '%s' muss entweder -x oder +x sein"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:443
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
 msgstr "Nichts spezifiziert, nichts hinzugefügt.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:358
+#: builtin/add.c:444
 #, c-format
 msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
-msgstr "Wollten Sie vielleicht 'git add .' sagen?\n"
+msgstr "Meinten Sie vielleicht 'git add .'?\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:363 builtin/check-ignore.c:172 builtin/clean.c:919
-#: builtin/commit.c:333 builtin/mv.c:130 builtin/reset.c:235 builtin/rm.c:299
+#: builtin/add.c:449 builtin/check-ignore.c:177 builtin/checkout.c:280
+#: builtin/checkout.c:483 builtin/clean.c:958 builtin/commit.c:316
+#: builtin/diff-tree.c:114 builtin/mv.c:144 builtin/reset.c:241
+#: builtin/rm.c:271 builtin/submodule--helper.c:326
 msgid "index file corrupt"
-msgstr "Staging-Area-Datei beschädigt"
-
-#: builtin/add.c:446 builtin/apply.c:4510 builtin/mv.c:279 builtin/rm.c:431
-msgid "Unable to write new index file"
-msgstr "Konnte neue Staging-Area-Datei nicht schreiben."
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:58
-msgid "git apply [options] [<patch>...]"
-msgstr "git apply [Optionen] [<Patch>...]"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:111
-#, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
-msgstr "nicht erkannte Whitespace-Option: '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:126
-#, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
-msgstr "nicht erkannte Option zum Ignorieren von Whitespace: '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:826
-#, c-format
-msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
-msgstr "Kann regulären Ausdruck für Zeitstempel %s nicht verarbeiten"
+msgstr "Index-Datei beschädigt"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:835
-#, c-format
-msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
-msgstr "Ausführung des regulären Ausdrucks gab %d zurück. Eingabe: %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:414
+msgid "could not parse author script"
+msgstr "konnte Autor-Skript nicht parsen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:916
+#: builtin/am.c:498
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
-msgstr "Konnte keinen Dateinamen in Zeile %d des Patches finden."
+msgid "'%s' was deleted by the applypatch-msg hook"
+msgstr "'%s' wurde durch den applypatch-msg Hook entfernt"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:948
+#: builtin/am.c:539
 #, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
-msgstr ""
-"git apply: ungültiges 'git-diff' - erwartete /dev/null, erhielt %s in Zeile "
-"%d"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:952
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
-msgstr ""
-"git apply: ungültiges 'git-diff' - Inkonsistenter neuer Dateiname in Zeile %d"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:953
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
-msgstr ""
-"git apply: ungültiges 'git-diff' - Inkonsistenter alter Dateiname in Zeile %d"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:960
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
-msgstr "git apply: ungültiges 'git-diff' - erwartete /dev/null in Zeile %d"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:1423
-#, c-format
-msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
-msgstr "recount: unerwartete Zeile: %.*s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:1480
-#, c-format
-msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
-msgstr "Patch-Fragment ohne Kopfbereich bei Zeile %d: %.*s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:1497
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
-"component (line %d)"
-msgid_plural ""
-"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
-"components (line %d)"
-msgstr[0] ""
-"Dem Kopfbereich von \"git diff\" fehlen Informationen zum Dateinamen, wenn "
-"%d vorangestellter Teil des Pfades entfernt wird (Zeile %d)"
-msgstr[1] ""
-"Dem Kopfbereich von \"git diff\" fehlen Informationen zum Dateinamen, wenn "
-"%d vorangestellte Teile des Pfades entfernt werden (Zeile %d)"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:1657
-msgid "new file depends on old contents"
-msgstr "neue Datei hängt von alten Inhalten ab"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:1659
-msgid "deleted file still has contents"
-msgstr "entfernte Datei hat noch Inhalte"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:1685
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
-msgstr "fehlerhafter Patch bei Zeile %d"
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "Fehlerhafte Eingabezeile: '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1721
+#: builtin/am.c:576
 #, c-format
-msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
-msgstr "neue Datei %s hängt von alten Inhalten ab"
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Kopieren der Notizen von '%s' nach '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1723
-#, c-format
-msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
-msgstr "entfernte Datei %s hat noch Inhalte"
+#: builtin/am.c:602
+msgid "fseek failed"
+msgstr "\"fseek\" fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1726
+#: builtin/am.c:790
 #, c-format
-msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
-msgstr "** Warnung: Datei %s wird leer, aber nicht entfernt."
+msgid "could not parse patch '%s'"
+msgstr "konnte Patch '%s' nicht parsen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1872
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
-msgstr "fehlerhafter Binär-Patch bei Zeile %d: %.*s"
+#: builtin/am.c:855
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr "Es kann nur eine StGIT Patch-Serie auf einmal angewendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1901
-#, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
-msgstr "nicht erkannter Binär-Patch bei Zeile %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:903
+msgid "invalid timestamp"
+msgstr "ungültiger Zeitstempel"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2052
-#, c-format
-msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
-msgstr "Patch mit nutzlosen Informationen bei Zeile %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:908 builtin/am.c:920
+msgid "invalid Date line"
+msgstr "Ungültige \"Date\"-Zeile"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2142
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
-msgstr "konnte symbolischen Verweis %s nicht lesen"
+#: builtin/am.c:915
+msgid "invalid timezone offset"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Offset in der Zeitzone"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2146
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to open or read %s"
-msgstr "konnte %s nicht öffnen oder lesen"
+#: builtin/am.c:1008
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr "Patch-Formaterkennung fehlgeschlagen."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2754
+#: builtin/am.c:1013 builtin/clone.c:405
 #, c-format
-msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
-msgstr "Ungültiger Zeilenanfang: '%c'"
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen von Verzeichnis '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2872
-#, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
-msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
-msgstr[0] "Patch-Bereich #%d erfolgreich angewendet bei %d (%d Zeile versetzt)"
-msgstr[1] ""
-"Patch-Bereich #%d erfolgreich angewendet bei %d (%d Zeilen versetzt)"
+#: builtin/am.c:1018
+msgid "Failed to split patches."
+msgstr "Fehler beim Aufteilen der Patches."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2884
-#, c-format
-msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
-msgstr "Kontext reduziert zu (%ld/%ld), um Patch-Bereich bei %d anzuwenden"
+#: builtin/am.c:1148 builtin/commit.c:342
+msgid "unable to write index file"
+msgstr "Konnte Index-Datei nicht schreiben."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2890
+#: builtin/am.c:1162
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"while searching for:\n"
-"%.*s"
+msgid "When you have resolved this problem, run \"%s --continue\"."
 msgstr ""
-"bei der Suche nach:\n"
-"%.*s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:2909
-#, c-format
-msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
-msgstr "keine Daten in Binär-Patch für '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3010
-#, c-format
-msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
-msgstr "Konnte Binär-Patch nicht auf '%s' anwenden"
+"Wenn Sie das Problem aufgelöst haben, führen Sie \"%s --continue\" aus."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3016
+#: builtin/am.c:1163
 #, c-format
-msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgid "If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"%s --skip\" instead."
 msgstr ""
-"Binär-Patch für '%s' erzeugt falsches Ergebnis (erwartete %s, bekam %s)"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3037
-#, c-format
-msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
-msgstr "Anwendung des Patches fehlgeschlagen: %s:%ld"
+"Falls Sie diesen Patch auslassen möchten, führen Sie stattdessen \"%s --skip"
+"\" aus."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3161
+#: builtin/am.c:1164
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot checkout %s"
-msgstr "kann %s nicht auschecken"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3206 builtin/apply.c:3215 builtin/apply.c:3260
-#, c-format
-msgid "read of %s failed"
-msgstr "Konnte %s nicht lesen"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3240 builtin/apply.c:3462
-#, c-format
-msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
-msgstr "Pfad %s wurde umbenannt/gelöscht"
+msgid "To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"%s --abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Um den ursprünglichen Branch wiederherzustellen und die Anwendung der "
+"Patches abzubrechen, führen Sie \"%s --abort\" aus."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3321 builtin/apply.c:3476
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
-msgstr "%s ist nicht in der Staging-Area"
+#: builtin/am.c:1271
+msgid "Patch is empty."
+msgstr "Patch ist leer."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3325 builtin/apply.c:3468 builtin/apply.c:3490
+#: builtin/am.c:1337
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: %s"
-msgstr "%s: %s"
+msgid "invalid ident line: %.*s"
+msgstr "Ungültige Identifikationszeile: %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3330 builtin/apply.c:3484
+#: builtin/am.c:1359
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not match index"
-msgstr "%s entspricht nicht der Version in der Staging-Area"
+msgid "unable to parse commit %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Commit '%s' nicht parsen."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3432
-msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
-msgstr "Lösch-Patch hinterlässt Dateiinhalte"
+#: builtin/am.c:1554
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Dem Repository fehlen notwendige Blobs um auf einen 3-Wege-Merge "
+"zurückzufallen."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3501
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: wrong type"
-msgstr "%s: falscher Typ"
+#: builtin/am.c:1556
+msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
+msgstr ""
+"Verwende Informationen aus der Staging-Area, um ein Basisverzeichnis "
+"nachzustellen ..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3503
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
-msgstr "%s ist vom Typ %o, erwartete %o"
+#: builtin/am.c:1575
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+msgstr ""
+"Haben Sie den Patch per Hand editiert?\n"
+"Er kann nicht auf die Blobs in seiner 'index' Zeile angewendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3604
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in index"
-msgstr "%s ist bereits bereitgestellt"
+#: builtin/am.c:1581
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr "Falle zurück zum Patchen der Basis und zum 3-Wege-Merge ..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3607
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
-msgstr "%s existiert bereits im Arbeitsverzeichnis"
+#: builtin/am.c:1606
+msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
+msgstr "Merge der Änderungen fehlgeschlagen."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3627
-#, c-format
-msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
-msgstr "neuer Modus (%o) von %s entspricht nicht dem alten Modus (%o)"
+#: builtin/am.c:1637
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr "auf leere Historie anwenden"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3632
+#: builtin/am.c:1683 builtin/am.c:1687
 #, c-format
-msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
-msgstr "neuer Modus (%o) von %s entspricht nicht dem alten Modus (%o) von %s"
+msgid "cannot resume: %s does not exist."
+msgstr "Kann nicht fortsetzen: %s existiert nicht"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3640
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
-msgstr "%s: Patch konnte nicht angewendet werden"
+#: builtin/am.c:1703
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr ""
+"Kann nicht interaktiv sein, ohne dass die Standard-Eingabe mit einem "
+"Terminal verbunden ist."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3653
-#, c-format
-msgid "Checking patch %s..."
-msgstr "Prüfe Patch %s..."
+#: builtin/am.c:1708
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
+msgstr "Commit-Beschreibung ist:"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3746 builtin/checkout.c:231 builtin/reset.c:135
-#, c-format
-msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
-msgstr "make_cache_entry für Pfad '%s' fehlgeschlagen"
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#.
+#: builtin/am.c:1718
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all: "
+msgstr "Anwenden? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all: "
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3889
+#: builtin/am.c:1768
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
-msgstr "konnte %s nicht aus der Staging-Area entfernen"
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "Geänderter Index: kann Patches nicht anwenden (geändert: %s)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3918
+#: builtin/am.c:1808 builtin/am.c:1879
 #, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
-msgstr "fehlerhafter Patch für Submodul %s"
+msgid "Applying: %.*s"
+msgstr "Wende an: %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3922
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
-msgstr "konnte neu erstellte Datei '%s' nicht lesen"
+#: builtin/am.c:1824
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr "Keine Änderungen -- Patches bereits angewendet."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3927
+#: builtin/am.c:1832
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
-msgstr "kann internen Speicher für eben erstellte Datei %s nicht erzeugen"
+msgid "Patch failed at %s %.*s"
+msgstr "Anwendung des Patches fehlgeschlagen bei %s %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3930 builtin/apply.c:4038
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
-msgstr "kann für %s keinen Eintrag in den Zwischenspeicher hinzufügen"
+#: builtin/am.c:1838
+msgid "Use 'git am --show-current-patch' to see the failed patch"
+msgstr ""
+"Benutzen Sie 'git am --show-current-patch', um den\n"
+"fehlgeschlagenen Patch zu sehen."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3963
-#, c-format
-msgid "closing file '%s'"
-msgstr "schließe Datei '%s'"
+#: builtin/am.c:1882
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
+msgstr ""
+"Keine Änderungen - haben Sie vergessen 'git add' zu benutzen?\n"
+"Wenn keine Änderungen mehr zum Commit vorzumerken sind, könnten\n"
+"diese bereits anderweitig eingefügt worden sein; Sie könnten diesen Patch\n"
+"auslassen."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4012
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
-msgstr "konnte Datei '%s' mit Modus %o nicht schreiben"
+#: builtin/am.c:1889
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index.\n"
+"You should 'git add' each file with resolved conflicts to mark them as "
+"such.\n"
+"You might run `git rm` on a file to accept \"deleted by them\" for it."
+msgstr ""
+"Sie haben noch immer nicht zusammengeführte Pfade in Ihrem Index.\n"
+"Sie sollten 'git add' für jede Datei mit aufgelösten Konflikten ausführen,\n"
+"um diese als solche zu markieren.\n"
+"Sie können 'git rm' auf Dateien ausführen, um \"von denen gelöscht\" für\n"
+"diese zu akzeptieren."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4099
+#: builtin/am.c:1996 builtin/am.c:2000 builtin/am.c:2012 builtin/reset.c:324
+#: builtin/reset.c:332
 #, c-format
-msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
-msgstr "Patch %s sauber angewendet"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4107
-msgid "internal error"
-msgstr "interner Fehler"
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr "Konnte Objekt '%s' nicht parsen."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4110
-#, c-format
-msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
-msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
-msgstr[0] "Wende Patch %%s mit %d Zurückweisung an..."
-msgstr[1] "Wende Patch %%s mit %d Zurückweisungen an..."
+#: builtin/am.c:2048
+msgid "failed to clean index"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Bereinigen des Index"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4120
-#, c-format
-msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
-msgstr "Verkürze Name von .rej Datei zu %.*s.rej"
+#: builtin/am.c:2083
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"Sie scheinen seit dem letzten gescheiterten 'am' HEAD geändert zu haben.\n"
+"Keine Zurücksetzung zu ORIG_HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4141
+#: builtin/am.c:2174
 #, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
-msgstr "Patch-Bereich #%d sauber angewendet."
+msgid "Invalid value for --patch-format: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Wert für --patch-format: %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4144
-#, c-format
-msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
-msgstr "Patch-Block #%d zurückgewiesen."
+#: builtin/am.c:2210
+msgid "git am [<options>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"
+msgstr "git am [<Optionen>] [(<mbox> | <E-Mail-Verzeichnis>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4234
-msgid "unrecognized input"
-msgstr "nicht erkannte Eingabe"
+#: builtin/am.c:2211
+msgid "git am [<options>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
+msgstr "git am [<Optionen>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4245
-msgid "unable to read index file"
-msgstr "Konnte Staging-Area-Datei nicht lesen"
+#: builtin/am.c:2217
+msgid "run interactively"
+msgstr "interaktiv ausführen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4362 builtin/apply.c:4365 builtin/clone.c:92
-#: builtin/fetch.c:93
-msgid "path"
-msgstr "Pfad"
+#: builtin/am.c:2219
+msgid "historical option -- no-op"
+msgstr "historische Option -- kein Effekt"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4363
-msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
-msgstr "keine Änderungen im angegebenen Pfad anwenden"
+#: builtin/am.c:2221
+msgid "allow fall back on 3way merging if needed"
+msgstr "erlaube, falls notwendig, das Zurückfallen auf einen 3-Wege-Merge"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4366
-msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
-msgstr "Änderungen nur im angegebenen Pfad anwenden"
+#: builtin/am.c:2222 builtin/init-db.c:484 builtin/prune-packed.c:57
+#: builtin/repack.c:182
+msgid "be quiet"
+msgstr "weniger Ausgaben"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4368
-msgid "num"
+#: builtin/am.c:2224
+msgid "add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message"
+msgstr "der Commit-Beschreibung eine Signed-off-by Zeile hinzufügen"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2227
+msgid "recode into utf8 (default)"
+msgstr "nach UTF-8 umkodieren (Standard)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2229
+msgid "pass -k flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "-k an git-mailinfo übergeben"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2231
+msgid "pass -b flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "-b an git-mailinfo übergeben"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2233
+msgid "pass -m flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "-m an git-mailinfo übergeben"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2235
+msgid "pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit for mbox format"
+msgstr "--keep-cr an git-mailsplit für mbox-Format übergeben"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2238
+msgid "do not pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit independent of am.keepcr"
+msgstr "kein --keep-cr an git-mailsplit übergeben, unabhängig von am.keepcr"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2241
+msgid "strip everything before a scissors line"
+msgstr "alles vor einer Scheren-Zeile entfernen"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2243 builtin/am.c:2246 builtin/am.c:2249 builtin/am.c:2252
+#: builtin/am.c:2255 builtin/am.c:2258 builtin/am.c:2261 builtin/am.c:2264
+#: builtin/am.c:2270
+msgid "pass it through git-apply"
+msgstr "an git-apply übergeben"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2260 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:668
+#: builtin/grep.c:853 builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/pull.c:145 builtin/pull.c:203
+#: builtin/repack.c:191 builtin/repack.c:195 builtin/repack.c:197
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:631 builtin/show-ref.c:169 builtin/tag.c:382
+#: parse-options.h:144 parse-options.h:146 parse-options.h:257
+msgid "n"
 msgstr "Anzahl"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4369
-msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
-msgstr ""
-"<Anzahl> vorangestellte Schrägstriche von herkömmlichen Differenzpfaden "
-"entfernen"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4372
-msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
-msgstr "hinzugefügte Zeilen des Patches ignorieren"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4374
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
-msgstr ""
-"anstatt der Anwendung des Patches, den \"diffstat\" für die Eingabe "
-"ausgegeben"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4378
-msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
-msgstr ""
-"die Anzahl von hinzugefügten/entfernten Zeilen in Dezimalnotation anzeigen"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4380
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
-msgstr ""
-"anstatt der Anwendung des Patches, eine Zusammenfassung für die Eingabe "
-"ausgeben"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4382
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
-msgstr ""
-"anstatt der Anwendung des Patches, zeige ob Patch angewendet werden kann"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4384
-msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
-msgstr ""
-"sicherstellen, dass der Patch in der aktuellen Staging-Area angewendet "
-"werden kann"
+#: builtin/am.c:2266 builtin/branch.c:629 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38
+#: builtin/replace.c:445 builtin/tag.c:418 builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format"
+msgstr "Format"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4386
-msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
-msgstr "Patch anwenden, ohne Änderungen im Arbeitsverzeichnis vorzunehmen"
+#: builtin/am.c:2267
+msgid "format the patch(es) are in"
+msgstr "Patch-Format"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4388
-msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
-msgstr "Patch anwenden (Benutzung mit --stat/--summary/--check)"
+#: builtin/am.c:2273
+msgid "override error message when patch failure occurs"
+msgstr "Meldung bei fehlerhafter Patch-Anwendung überschreiben"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4390
-msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
-msgstr "versuche 3-Wege-Merge, wenn der Patch nicht angewendet werden konnte"
+#: builtin/am.c:2275
+msgid "continue applying patches after resolving a conflict"
+msgstr "Anwendung der Patches nach Auflösung eines Konfliktes fortsetzen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4392
-msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
-msgstr ""
-"eine temporäre Staging-Area, basierend auf den integrierten Staging-Area-"
-"Informationen, erstellen"
+#: builtin/am.c:2278
+msgid "synonyms for --continue"
+msgstr "Synonyme für --continue"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4394 builtin/checkout-index.c:198 builtin/ls-files.c:455
-msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
-msgstr "Pfade sind getrennt durch NUL Zeichen"
+#: builtin/am.c:2281
+msgid "skip the current patch"
+msgstr "den aktuellen Patch auslassen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4397
-msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+#: builtin/am.c:2284
+msgid "restore the original branch and abort the patching operation."
 msgstr ""
-"sicher stellen, dass mindestens <n> Zeilen des Kontextes übereinstimmen"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4398
-msgid "action"
-msgstr "Aktion"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4399
-msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
-msgstr "neue oder geänderte Zeilen, die Whitespace-Fehler haben, ermitteln"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4402 builtin/apply.c:4405
-msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
-msgstr "Änderungen im Whitespace bei der Suche des Kontextes ignorieren"
+"ursprünglichen Branch wiederherstellen und Anwendung der Patches abbrechen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4408
-msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
-msgstr "den Patch in umgekehrter Reihenfolge anwenden"
+#: builtin/am.c:2287
+msgid "abort the patching operation but keep HEAD where it is."
+msgstr "Patch-Operation abbrechen, aber HEAD an aktueller Stelle belassen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4410
-msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
-msgstr "keinen Kontext erwarten"
+#: builtin/am.c:2290
+msgid "show the patch being applied."
+msgstr "den Patch, der gerade angewendet wird, anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4412
-msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
-msgstr ""
-"zurückgewiesene Patch-Blöcke in entsprechenden *.rej Dateien hinterlassen"
+#: builtin/am.c:2294
+msgid "lie about committer date"
+msgstr "Autor-Datum als Commit-Datum verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4414
-msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
-msgstr "sich überlappende Patch-Blöcke erlauben"
+#: builtin/am.c:2296
+msgid "use current timestamp for author date"
+msgstr "aktuellen Zeitstempel als Autor-Datum verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4417
-msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
-msgstr "fehlerhaft erkannten fehlenden Zeilenumbruch am Dateiende tolerieren"
+#: builtin/am.c:2298 builtin/commit.c:1431 builtin/merge.c:237
+#: builtin/pull.c:178 builtin/revert.c:112 builtin/tag.c:398
+msgid "key-id"
+msgstr "GPG-Schlüsselkennung"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4420
-msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
-msgstr "den Zeilennummern im Kopf des Patch-Blocks nicht vertrauen"
+#: builtin/am.c:2299
+msgid "GPG-sign commits"
+msgstr "Commits mit GPG signieren"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4422
-msgid "root"
-msgstr "Wurzelverzeichnis"
+#: builtin/am.c:2302
+msgid "(internal use for git-rebase)"
+msgstr "(intern für git-rebase verwendet)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4423
-msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
-msgstr "<Wurzelverzeichnis> vor alle Dateinamen stellen"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4445
-msgid "--3way outside a repository"
-msgstr ""
-"Die Option --3way kann nicht außerhalb eines Repositories verwendet werden."
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4453
-msgid "--index outside a repository"
+#: builtin/am.c:2320
+msgid ""
+"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
 msgstr ""
-"Die Option --index kann nicht außerhalb eines Repositories verwendet werden."
+"Die -b/--binary Option hat seit Langem keinen Effekt und wird\n"
+"entfernt. Bitte verwenden Sie diese nicht mehr."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4456
-msgid "--cached outside a repository"
-msgstr ""
-"Die Option --cached kann nicht außerhalb eines Repositories verwendet werden."
+#: builtin/am.c:2327
+msgid "failed to read the index"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Lesen des Index"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4472
+#: builtin/am.c:2342
 #, c-format
-msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
-msgstr "kann Patch '%s' nicht öffnen"
+msgid "previous rebase directory %s still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr "Vorheriges Rebase-Verzeichnis %s existiert noch, aber mbox gegeben."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4486
+#: builtin/am.c:2366
 #, c-format
-msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
-msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
-msgstr[0] "unterdrückte %d Whitespace-Fehler"
-msgstr[1] "unterdrückte %d Whitespace-Fehler"
+msgid ""
+"Stray %s directory found.\n"
+"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
+msgstr ""
+"Stray %s Verzeichnis gefunden.\n"
+"Benutzen Sie \"git am --abort\", um es zu entfernen."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4492 builtin/apply.c:4502
-#, c-format
-msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
-msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
-msgstr[0] "%d Zeile fügt Whitespace-Fehler hinzu."
-msgstr[1] "%d Zeilen fügen Whitespace-Fehler hinzu."
+#: builtin/am.c:2372
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr "Es ist keine Auflösung im Gange, es wird nicht fortgesetzt."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:8
+msgid "git apply [<options>] [<patch>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [<Optionen>] [<Patch>...]"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:17
 #, c-format
@@ -2692,19 +5740,14 @@ msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
 msgstr "git archive: Externes Archiv ohne URL"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:58
-msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
-msgstr "git archive: habe ACK/NAK erwartet, aber EOF bekommen"
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr "git archive: ACK/NAK erwartet, Flush-Paket bekommen"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
 msgstr "git archive: NACK %s"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:63
-#, c-format
-msgid "remote error: %s"
-msgstr "Fehler am anderen Ende: %s"
-
 #: builtin/archive.c:64
 msgid "git archive: protocol error"
 msgstr "git archive: Protokollfehler"
@@ -2713,148 +5756,240 @@ msgstr "git archive: Protokollfehler"
 msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
 msgstr "git archive: erwartete eine Spülung (flush)"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:7
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:12
 msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
 msgstr "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:17
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:13
+msgid "git bisect--helper --write-terms <bad_term> <good_term>"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --write-terms <bad_term> <good_term>"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:14
+msgid "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid term"
+msgstr "'%s' ist kein gültiger Begriff."
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't use the builtin command '%s' as a term"
+msgstr "Kann den eingebauten Befehl '%s' nicht als Begriff verwenden."
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't change the meaning of the term '%s'"
+msgstr "Kann die Bedeutung von dem Begriff '%s' nicht ändern."
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:71
+msgid "please use two different terms"
+msgstr "Bitte verwenden Sie zwei verschiedene Begriffe."
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:78
+msgid "could not open the file BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "Konnte die Datei BISECT_TERMS nicht öffnen."
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:120
 msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
 msgstr "'git bisect next' ausführen"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:19
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:122
+msgid "write the terms to .git/BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "die Begriffe nach .git/BISECT_TERMS schreiben"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:124
+msgid "cleanup the bisection state"
+msgstr "den Zustand der binären Suche aufräumen"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:126
+msgid "check for expected revs"
+msgstr "auf erwartete Commits prüfen"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:128
 msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
 msgstr "BISECT_HEAD aktualisieren, anstatt den aktuellen Commit auszuchecken"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:30
-msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
-msgstr "git blame [Optionen] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] Datei"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:143
+msgid "--write-terms requires two arguments"
+msgstr "--write-terms benötigt zwei Argumente."
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:147
+msgid "--bisect-clean-state requires no arguments"
+msgstr "--bisect-clean-state erwartet keine Argumente."
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:35
-msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
-msgstr "[rev-opts] sind dokumentiert in git-rev-list(1)"
+#: builtin/blame.c:27
+msgid "git blame [<options>] [<rev-opts>] [<rev>] [--] <file>"
+msgstr "git blame [<Optionen>] [<rev-opts>] [<Commit>] [--] <Datei>"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2501
+#: builtin/blame.c:32
+msgid "<rev-opts> are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+msgstr "<rev-opts> sind dokumentiert in git-rev-list(1)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:677
 msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
 msgstr "\"blame\"-Einträge schrittweise anzeigen, während wir sie generieren"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2502
+#: builtin/blame.c:678
 msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
 msgstr "leere SHA-1 für Grenz-Commits anzeigen (Standard: aus)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2503
+#: builtin/blame.c:679
 msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
-msgstr "Ursprungs-Commit nicht als Grenzen behandeln (Standard: aus)"
+msgstr "Ursprungs-Commits nicht als Grenzen behandeln (Standard: aus)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2504
+#: builtin/blame.c:680
 msgid "Show work cost statistics"
 msgstr "Statistiken zum Arbeitsaufwand anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2505
+#: builtin/blame.c:681
+msgid "Force progress reporting"
+msgstr "Fortschrittsanzeige erzwingen"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:682
 msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
 msgstr "Ausgabebewertung für \"blame\"-Einträge anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2506
+#: builtin/blame.c:683
 msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
 msgstr "ursprünglichen Dateinamen anzeigen (Standard: auto)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2507
+#: builtin/blame.c:684
 msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
 msgstr "ursprüngliche Zeilennummer anzeigen (Standard: aus)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2508
+#: builtin/blame.c:685
 msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
 msgstr "Anzeige in einem Format für maschinelle Auswertung"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2509
+#: builtin/blame.c:686
 msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
 msgstr ""
 "Anzeige in Format für Fremdprogramme mit Commit-Informationen pro Zeile"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2510
+#: builtin/blame.c:687
 msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 "Den gleichen Ausgabemodus benutzen wie \"git-annotate\" (Standard: aus)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2511
+#: builtin/blame.c:688
 msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Unbearbeiteten Zeitstempel anzeigen (Standard: aus)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2512
+#: builtin/blame.c:689
 msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Langen Commit-SHA1 anzeigen (Standard: aus)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2513
+#: builtin/blame.c:690
 msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Den Namen des Autors und den Zeitstempel unterdrücken (Standard: aus)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2514
+#: builtin/blame.c:691
 msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 "Anstatt des Namens die E-Mail-Adresse des Autors anzeigen (Standard: aus)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2515
+#: builtin/blame.c:692
 msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
 msgstr "Unterschiede im Whitespace ignorieren"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2516
+#: builtin/blame.c:699
+msgid "Use an experimental heuristic to improve diffs"
+msgstr ""
+"eine experimentelle Heuristik zur Verbesserung der Darstellung\n"
+"von Unterschieden verwenden"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:701
 msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
 msgstr "Länger arbeiten, um bessere Übereinstimmungen zu finden"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2517
+#: builtin/blame.c:702
 msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
 msgstr "Commits von <Datei> benutzen, anstatt \"git-rev-list\" aufzurufen"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2518
+#: builtin/blame.c:703
 msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
 msgstr "Inhalte der <Datei>en als endgültiges Abbild benutzen"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2519 builtin/blame.c:2520
+#: builtin/blame.c:704 builtin/blame.c:705
 msgid "score"
 msgstr "Bewertung"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2519
+#: builtin/blame.c:704
 msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
 msgstr "kopierte Zeilen innerhalb oder zwischen Dateien finden"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2520
+#: builtin/blame.c:705
 msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
 msgstr "verschobene Zeilen innerhalb oder zwischen Dateien finden"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2521
+#: builtin/blame.c:706
 msgid "n,m"
 msgstr "n,m"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2521
+#: builtin/blame.c:706
 msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
 msgstr "nur Zeilen im Bereich n,m verarbeiten, gezählt von 1"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the maximum
-#. display width for a relative timestamp in "git blame"
-#. output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11 months ago", which
-#. takes 22 places, is the longest among various forms of
-#. relative timestamps, but your language may need more or
-#. fewer display columns.
-#: builtin/blame.c:2602
-msgid "4 years, 11 months ago"
-msgstr "vor 4 Jahren, und 11 Monaten"
+#: builtin/blame.c:753
+msgid "--progress can't be used with --incremental or porcelain formats"
+msgstr ""
+"--progress kann nicht mit --incremental oder Formaten für Fremdprogramme\n"
+"verwendet werden"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:24
-msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
-msgstr "git branch [Optionen] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the
+#. maximum display width for a relative timestamp in
+#. "git blame" output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11
+#. months ago", which takes 22 places, is the longest
+#. among various forms of relative timestamps, but
+#. your language may need more or fewer display
+#. columns.
+#.
+#: builtin/blame.c:804
+msgid "4 years, 11 months ago"
+msgstr "vor 4 Jahren und 11 Monaten"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:25
-msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
-msgstr "git branch [Optionen] [-l] [-f] <Branchname> [<Startpunkt>]"
+#: builtin/blame.c:890
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s has only %lu line"
+msgid_plural "file %s has only %lu lines"
+msgstr[0] "Datei %s hat nur %lu Zeile"
+msgstr[1] "Datei %s hat nur %lu Zeilen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:26
-msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
-msgstr "git branch [Optionen] [-r] (-d | -D) <Branchname>..."
+#: builtin/blame.c:936
+msgid "Blaming lines"
+msgstr "Verarbeite Zeilen"
 
 #: builtin/branch.c:27
-msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
-msgstr "git branch [Optionen] (-m | -M) [<alterBranch>] <neuerBranch>"
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+msgstr "git branch [<Optionen>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:28
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-l] [-f] <branch-name> [<start-point>]"
+msgstr "git branch [<Optionen>] [-l] [-f] <Branchname> [<Startpunkt>]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:29
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r] (-d | -D) <branch-name>..."
+msgstr "git branch [<Optionen>] [-r] (-d | -D) <Branchname>..."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:30
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-m | -M) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [<Optionen>] (-m | -M) [<alter-Branch>] <neuer-Branch>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:31
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-c | -C) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [<Optionen>] (-c | -C) [<alter-Branch>] <neuer-Branch>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:32
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+msgstr "git branch [<Optionen>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:152
+#: builtin/branch.c:33
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+msgstr "git branch [<Optionen>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:146
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
@@ -2863,7 +5998,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "entferne Branch '%s', der zusammengeführt wurde mit\n"
 "         '%s', aber noch nicht mit HEAD zusammengeführt wurde."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:156
+#: builtin/branch.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
@@ -2872,12 +6007,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "entferne Branch '%s' nicht, der noch nicht zusammengeführt wurde mit\n"
 "         '%s', obwohl er mit HEAD zusammengeführt wurde."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:170
+#: builtin/branch.c:164
 #, c-format
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Commit-Objekt für '%s' nicht nachschlagen."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:174
+#: builtin/branch.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
@@ -2887,306 +6022,308 @@ msgstr ""
 "Wenn Sie sicher sind diesen Branch zu entfernen, führen Sie 'git branch -D "
 "%s' aus."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:187
+#: builtin/branch.c:181
 msgid "Update of config-file failed"
 msgstr "Aktualisierung der Konfigurationsdatei fehlgeschlagen."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:215
+#: builtin/branch.c:212
 msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
 msgstr "kann -a nicht mit -d benutzen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:221
+#: builtin/branch.c:218
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
 msgstr "Konnte Commit-Objekt für HEAD nicht nachschlagen."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:229
+#: builtin/branch.c:232
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
-msgstr ""
-"Kann Branch '%s' nicht entfernen, da Sie sich gerade auf diesem befinden."
+msgid "Cannot delete branch '%s' checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "Kann Branch '%s' nicht entfernen, ausgecheckt in '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:245
+#: builtin/branch.c:247
 #, c-format
-msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
-msgstr "Remote-Branch '%s' nicht gefunden"
+msgid "remote-tracking branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "Remote-Tracking-Branch '%s' nicht gefunden"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:246
+#: builtin/branch.c:248
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr "Branch '%s' nicht gefunden."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:260
+#: builtin/branch.c:263
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
-msgstr "Fehler beim Entfernen des Remote-Branches '%s'"
+msgid "Error deleting remote-tracking branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Entfernen des Remote-Tracking-Branches '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:261
+#: builtin/branch.c:264
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Entfernen des Branches '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:268
+#: builtin/branch.c:271
 #, c-format
-msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
-msgstr "Remote-Branch %s entfernt (war %s).\n"
+msgid "Deleted remote-tracking branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Remote-Tracking-Branch %s entfernt (war %s).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:269
+#: builtin/branch.c:272
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
 msgstr "Branch %s entfernt (war %s).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:370
-#, c-format
-msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
-msgstr "Branch '%s' zeigt auf keinen Commit"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:459
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: gone]"
-msgstr "[%s: entfernt]"
+#: builtin/branch.c:417 builtin/tag.c:58
+msgid "unable to parse format string"
+msgstr "Konnte Formatierungsstring nicht parsen."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:464
+#: builtin/branch.c:450
 #, c-format
-msgid "[%s]"
-msgstr "[%s]"
+msgid "Branch %s is being rebased at %s"
+msgstr "Branch %s wird auf %s umgesetzt"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:469
+#: builtin/branch.c:454
 #, c-format
-msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
-msgstr "[%s: %d hinterher]"
+msgid "Branch %s is being bisected at %s"
+msgstr "Binäre Suche von Branch %s zu %s im Gange"
 
 #: builtin/branch.c:471
-#, c-format
-msgid "[behind %d]"
-msgstr "[%d hinterher]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:475
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
-msgstr "[%s: %d voraus]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:477
-#, c-format
-msgid "[ahead %d]"
-msgstr "[%d voraus]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:480
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
-msgstr "[%s: %d voraus, %d hinterher]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:483
-#, c-format
-msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
-msgstr "[%d voraus, %d hinterher]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:496
-msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
-msgstr " **** ungültige Referenz ****"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:587
-#, c-format
-msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
-msgstr "(kein Branch, Rebase von Branch %s im Gange)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:590
-#, c-format
-msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
-msgstr "(kein Branch, binäre Suche begonnen bei %s)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:593
-#, c-format
-msgid "(detached from %s)"
-msgstr "(losgelöst von %s)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:596
-msgid "(no branch)"
-msgstr "(kein Branch)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:643
-#, c-format
-msgid "object '%s' does not point to a commit"
-msgstr "Objekt '%s' zeigt auf keinen Commit"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:691
-msgid "some refs could not be read"
-msgstr "Konnte einige Referenzen nicht lesen"
+msgid "cannot copy the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr ""
+"Kann den aktuellen Branch nicht kopieren, solange Sie sich auf keinem "
+"befinden."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:704
+#: builtin/branch.c:473
 msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
 msgstr ""
 "Kann aktuellen Branch nicht umbenennen, solange Sie sich auf keinem befinden."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:714
+#: builtin/branch.c:484
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
 msgstr "Ungültiger Branchname: '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:729
+#: builtin/branch.c:511
 msgid "Branch rename failed"
 msgstr "Umbenennung des Branches fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:733
+#: builtin/branch.c:513
+msgid "Branch copy failed"
+msgstr "Kopie des Branches fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:517
+#, c-format
+msgid "Created a copy of a misnamed branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Kopie eines falsch benannten Branches '%s' erstellt."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:520
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
 msgstr "falsch benannten Branch '%s' umbenannt"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:737
+#: builtin/branch.c:526
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
 msgstr "Branch umbenannt zu %s, aber HEAD ist nicht aktualisiert!"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:744
+#: builtin/branch.c:535
 msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
 msgstr ""
 "Branch ist umbenannt, aber die Aktualisierung der Konfigurationsdatei ist "
 "fehlgeschlagen."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:759
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name %s"
-msgstr "Missgebildeter Objektname %s"
+#: builtin/branch.c:537
+msgid "Branch is copied, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr ""
+"Branch wurde kopiert, aber die Aktualisierung der Konfigurationsdatei ist\n"
+"fehlgeschlagen."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:783
+#: builtin/branch.c:553
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
-msgstr "Konnte Beschreibungsvorlage für Branch nicht schreiben: %s"
+msgid ""
+"Please edit the description for the branch\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be stripped.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Bitte ändern Sie die Beschreibung für den Branch\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Zeilen, die mit '%c' beginnen, werden entfernt.\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:813
+#: builtin/branch.c:586
 msgid "Generic options"
 msgstr "Allgemeine Optionen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:815
+#: builtin/branch.c:588
 msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
 msgstr "Hash und Betreff anzeigen; -vv: zusätzlich Upstream-Branch"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:816
+#: builtin/branch.c:589
 msgid "suppress informational messages"
 msgstr "Informationsmeldungen unterdrücken"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:817
+#: builtin/branch.c:590
 msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
-msgstr "den Ãœbernahmemodus einstellen (siehe git-pull(1))"
+msgstr "Modus zum Folgen von Branches einstellen (siehe git-pull(1))"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:592
+msgid "do not use"
+msgstr "nicht verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:819
-msgid "change upstream info"
+#: builtin/branch.c:594
+msgid "upstream"
+msgstr "Upstream"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:594
+msgid "change the upstream info"
 msgstr "Informationen zum Upstream-Branch ändern"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:823
+#: builtin/branch.c:595
+msgid "Unset the upstream info"
+msgstr "Informationen zum Upstream-Branch entfernen"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:596
 msgid "use colored output"
 msgstr "farbige Ausgaben verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:824
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
 msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "auf Remote-Tracking-Branches wirken"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:827 builtin/branch.c:833 builtin/branch.c:854
-#: builtin/branch.c:860 builtin/commit.c:1586 builtin/commit.c:1587
-#: builtin/commit.c:1588 builtin/commit.c:1589 builtin/tag.c:616
-#: builtin/tag.c:622
-msgid "commit"
-msgstr "Commit"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:828 builtin/branch.c:834
+#: builtin/branch.c:599 builtin/branch.c:601
 msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
-msgstr "nur Branches ausgeben, welche diesen Commit beinhalten"
+msgstr "nur Branches ausgeben, die diesen Commit enthalten"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:840
+#: builtin/branch.c:600 builtin/branch.c:602
+msgid "print only branches that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "nur Branches ausgeben, die diesen Commit nicht enthalten"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:605
 msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
 msgstr "spezifische Aktionen für \"git-branch\":"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:841
+#: builtin/branch.c:606
 msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "Remote-Tracking und lokale Branches auflisten"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:843
+#: builtin/branch.c:608
 msgid "delete fully merged branch"
 msgstr "vollständig zusammengeführten Branch entfernen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:844
+#: builtin/branch.c:609
 msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
 msgstr "Branch löschen (auch wenn nicht zusammengeführt)"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:845
+#: builtin/branch.c:610
 msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
 msgstr "einen Branch und dessen Reflog verschieben/umbenennen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:846
+#: builtin/branch.c:611
 msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
 msgstr ""
 "einen Branch verschieben/umbenennen, auch wenn das Ziel bereits existiert"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:847
+#: builtin/branch.c:612
+msgid "copy a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr "einen Branch und dessen Reflog kopieren"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:613
+msgid "copy a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr "einen Branch kopieren, auch wenn das Ziel bereits existiert"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:614
 msgid "list branch names"
 msgstr "Branchnamen auflisten"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:848
+#: builtin/branch.c:615
 msgid "create the branch's reflog"
 msgstr "das Reflog des Branches erzeugen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:850
+#: builtin/branch.c:617
 msgid "edit the description for the branch"
 msgstr "die Beschreibung für den Branch bearbeiten"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:851
+#: builtin/branch.c:618
 msgid "force creation, move/rename, deletion"
 msgstr "Erstellung, Verschiebung/Umbenennung oder Löschung erzwingen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:854
-msgid "print only not merged branches"
-msgstr "nur Branches ausgeben, die nicht zusammengeführt sind"
+#: builtin/branch.c:619
+msgid "print only branches that are merged"
+msgstr "nur zusammengeführte Branches ausgeben"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:860
-msgid "print only merged branches"
-msgstr "nur Branches ausgeben, die zusammengeführt sind"
+#: builtin/branch.c:620
+msgid "print only branches that are not merged"
+msgstr "nur nicht zusammengeführte Branches ausgeben"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:864
+#: builtin/branch.c:621
 msgid "list branches in columns"
 msgstr "Branches in Spalten auflisten"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:877
-msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
-msgstr "Konnte HEAD nicht als gültige Referenz auflösen."
+#: builtin/branch.c:622 builtin/for-each-ref.c:40 builtin/tag.c:411
+msgid "key"
+msgstr "Schüssel"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:623 builtin/for-each-ref.c:41 builtin/tag.c:412
+msgid "field name to sort on"
+msgstr "sortiere nach diesem Feld"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:625 builtin/for-each-ref.c:43 builtin/notes.c:408
+#: builtin/notes.c:411 builtin/notes.c:571 builtin/notes.c:574
+#: builtin/tag.c:414
+msgid "object"
+msgstr "Objekt"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:626
+msgid "print only branches of the object"
+msgstr "nur Branches von diesem Objekt ausgeben"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:628 builtin/for-each-ref.c:49 builtin/tag.c:421
+msgid "sorting and filtering are case insensitive"
+msgstr "Sortierung und Filterung sind unabhängig von Groß- und Kleinschreibung"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:629 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38 builtin/tag.c:419
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format to use for the output"
+msgstr "für die Ausgabe zu verwendendes Format"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:881 builtin/clone.c:637
+#: builtin/branch.c:652 builtin/clone.c:735
 msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
 msgstr "HEAD wurde nicht unter \"refs/heads\" gefunden!"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:903
+#: builtin/branch.c:675
 msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
 msgstr "Die Optionen --column und --verbose sind inkompatibel."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:914 builtin/branch.c:953
+#: builtin/branch.c:690 builtin/branch.c:742 builtin/branch.c:751
 msgid "branch name required"
 msgstr "Branchname erforderlich"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:929
+#: builtin/branch.c:718
 msgid "Cannot give description to detached HEAD"
 msgstr "zu losgelöstem HEAD kann keine Beschreibung hinterlegt werden"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:934
+#: builtin/branch.c:723
 msgid "cannot edit description of more than one branch"
 msgstr "Beschreibung von mehr als einem Branch kann nicht bearbeitet werden"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:941
+#: builtin/branch.c:730
 #, c-format
 msgid "No commit on branch '%s' yet."
 msgstr "Noch kein Commit in Branch '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:944
+#: builtin/branch.c:733
 #, c-format
 msgid "No branch named '%s'."
 msgstr "Branch '%s' nicht vorhanden."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:959
-msgid "too many branches for a rename operation"
-msgstr "zu viele Branches für eine Umbenennen-Operation angegeben"
+#: builtin/branch.c:748
+msgid "too many branches for a copy operation"
+msgstr "zu viele Branches für eine Kopieroperation angegeben"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:757
+msgid "too many arguments for a rename operation"
+msgstr "zu viele Argumente für eine Umbenennen-Operation angegeben"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:964
-msgid "too many branches to set new upstream"
-msgstr "zu viele Branches angegeben, um Upstream-Branch zu setzen"
+#: builtin/branch.c:762
+msgid "too many arguments to set new upstream"
+msgstr "zu viele Argumente angegeben, um Upstream-Branch zu setzen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:968
+#: builtin/branch.c:766
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when it does not point to any branch."
@@ -3194,362 +6331,381 @@ msgstr ""
 "Konnte keinen neuen Upstream-Branch von HEAD zu %s setzen, da dieser auf\n"
 "keinen Branch zeigt."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:971 builtin/branch.c:993 builtin/branch.c:1014
+#: builtin/branch.c:769 builtin/branch.c:791 builtin/branch.c:807
 #, c-format
 msgid "no such branch '%s'"
 msgstr "Kein solcher Branch '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:975
+#: builtin/branch.c:773
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "Branch '%s' existiert nicht"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:987
-msgid "too many branches to unset upstream"
+#: builtin/branch.c:785
+msgid "too many arguments to unset upstream"
 msgstr ""
-"zu viele Branches angegeben, um Konfiguration zu Upstream-Branch zu entfernen"
+"zu viele Argumente angegeben, um Konfiguration zu Upstream-Branch zu "
+"entfernen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:991
+#: builtin/branch.c:789
 msgid "could not unset upstream of HEAD when it does not point to any branch."
 msgstr ""
 "Konnte Konfiguration zu Upstream-Branch von HEAD nicht entfernen, da dieser\n"
 "auf keinen Branch zeigt."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:997
+#: builtin/branch.c:795
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
 msgstr "Branch '%s' hat keinen Upstream-Branch gesetzt"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1011
-msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
-msgstr "'HEAD' darf nicht manuell erstellt werden"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1017
+#: builtin/branch.c:810
 msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
 msgstr ""
 "Die Optionen -a und -r bei 'git branch' können nicht gemeimsam mit einem "
 "Branchnamen verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1020
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
-"track or --set-upstream-to\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Die --set-upstream Option ist veraltet und wird entfernt. Benutzen Sie --"
-"track oder --set-upstream-to\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1037
-#, c-format
+#: builtin/branch.c:813
 msgid ""
-"\n"
-"If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
-"\n"
+"the '--set-upstream' option is no longer supported. Please use '--track' or "
+"'--set-upstream-to' instead."
 msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"Wenn Sie wollten, dass '%s' den Branch '%s' als Upstream-Branch hat, führen "
-"Sie aus:\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1038
-#, c-format
-msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
-msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1039
-#, c-format
-msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
-msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+"Die '--set-upstream' Option wird nicht länger unterstützt.\n"
+"Bitte benutzen Sie stattdessen '--track' oder '--set-upstream-to'."
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#: builtin/bundle.c:45
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is okay\n"
 msgstr "%s ist in Ordnung\n"
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+#: builtin/bundle.c:58
 msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
 msgstr "Um ein Paket zu erstellen wird ein Repository benötigt."
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+#: builtin/bundle.c:62
 msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
 msgstr "Zum Entpacken wird ein Repository benötigt."
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:328
-msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
-msgstr "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<Art>|--textconv) <Objekt>"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:523
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <type> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<path>] <object>"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <Art> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<Pfad>] <Objekt>"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:329
-msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
-msgstr "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <Liste_von_Objekten>"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:524
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:366
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:561
 msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 msgstr "<Art> kann sein: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:367
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:562
 msgid "show object type"
 msgstr "Objektart anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:368
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:563
 msgid "show object size"
 msgstr "Objektgröße anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:370
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:565
 msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
 msgstr "mit Rückgabewert 0 beenden, wenn kein Fehler aufgetreten ist"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:371
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:566
 msgid "pretty-print object's content"
 msgstr "ansprechende Anzeige des Objektinhaltes"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:373
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:568
 msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
 msgstr "eine Textkonvertierung auf den Inhalt von Blob-Objekten ausführen"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:375
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:570
+msgid "for blob objects, run filters on object's content"
+msgstr "für Blob-Objekte, Filter auf Objekt-Inhalte ausführen"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:571 git-submodule.sh:878
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr "Blob"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:572
+msgid "use a specific path for --textconv/--filters"
+msgstr "einen bestimmten Pfad für --textconv/--filters verwenden"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:574
+msgid "allow -s and -t to work with broken/corrupt objects"
+msgstr "-s und -t mit beschädigten Objekten erlauben"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:575
+msgid "buffer --batch output"
+msgstr "Ausgabe von --batch puffern"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:577
 msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr ""
 "Anzeige von Informationen und Inhalt von Objekten, gelesen von der Standard-"
 "Eingabe"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:378
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:580
 msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr ""
 "Anzeige von Informationen über Objekte, gelesen von der Standard-Eingabe"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:11
-msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname..."
-msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | Attribut...] [--] Pfadname..."
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:583
+msgid "follow in-tree symlinks (used with --batch or --batch-check)"
+msgstr ""
+"symbolischen Verknüpfungen innerhalb des Repositories folgen (verwendet mit "
+"--batch oder --batch-check)"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:585
+msgid "show all objects with --batch or --batch-check"
+msgstr "alle Objekte mit --batch oder --batch-check anzeigen"
 
 #: builtin/check-attr.c:12
-msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>"
-msgstr ""
-"git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | Attribut...] < <Liste-von-Pfaden>"
+msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | <attr>...] [--] <pathname>..."
+msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | <Attribut>...] [--] <Pfadname>..."
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:13
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...]"
+msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <Attribut>...]"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:19
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
 msgid "report all attributes set on file"
 msgstr "alle Attribute einer Datei ausgeben"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21
 msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
-msgstr ".gitattributes nur von der Staging-Area verwenden"
+msgstr "nur .gitattributes vom Index verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/check-ignore.c:22 builtin/hash-object.c:98
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:22 builtin/check-ignore.c:24 builtin/hash-object.c:100
 msgid "read file names from stdin"
 msgstr "Dateinamen von der Standard-Eingabe lesen"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:23 builtin/check-ignore.c:24
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:24 builtin/check-ignore.c:26
 msgid "terminate input and output records by a NUL character"
 msgstr "Einträge von Ein- und Ausgabe mit NUL-Zeichen abschließen"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:18 builtin/checkout.c:1107 builtin/gc.c:274
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:20 builtin/checkout.c:1106 builtin/gc.c:358
 msgid "suppress progress reporting"
 msgstr "Fortschrittsanzeige unterdrücken"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:26
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
 msgid "show non-matching input paths"
 msgstr "Eingabe-Pfade ohne Ãœbereinstimmungen anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:30
 msgid "ignore index when checking"
-msgstr "Staging-Area bei der Prüfung ignorieren"
+msgstr "Index bei der Prüfung ignorieren"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:154
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
 msgid "cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
 msgstr "Angabe von Pfadnamen kann nicht gemeinsam mit --stdin verwendet werden"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:157
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:162
 msgid "-z only makes sense with --stdin"
 msgstr "Die Option -z kann nur mit --stdin verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:164
 msgid "no path specified"
 msgstr "kein Pfad angegeben"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:163
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
 msgid "--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
 msgstr "Die Option --quiet ist nur mit einem einzelnen Pfadnamen gültig."
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:165
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:170
 msgid "cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"
 msgstr ""
 "Die Optionen --quiet und --verbose können nicht gemeinsam verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:173
 msgid "--non-matching is only valid with --verbose"
 msgstr "--non-matching ist nur mit --verbose zulässig"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:8
-msgid "git check-mailmap [options] <contact>..."
-msgstr "git check-mailmap [Optionen] <Kontakt>..."
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:9
+msgid "git check-mailmap [<options>] <contact>..."
+msgstr "git check-mailmap [<Optionen>] <Kontakt>..."
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:13
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:14
 msgid "also read contacts from stdin"
 msgstr "ebenfalls Kontakte von der Standard-Eingabe lesen"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:24
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:25
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse contact: %s"
 msgstr "Konnte Kontakt '%s' nicht parsen."
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:47
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:48
 msgid "no contacts specified"
 msgstr "keine Kontakte angegeben"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
-msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git checkout-index [Optionen] [--] [<Datei>...]"
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:128
+msgid "git checkout-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git checkout-index [<Optionen>] [--] [<Datei>...]"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:188
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:143
+msgid "stage should be between 1 and 3 or all"
+msgstr "--stage sollte zwischen 1 und 3 oder 'all' sein"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:159
 msgid "check out all files in the index"
-msgstr "alle Dateien in der Staging-Area auschecken"
+msgstr "alle Dateien im Index auschecken"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:189
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:160
 msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
 msgstr "das Ãœberschreiben bereits existierender Dateien erzwingen"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:191
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:162
 msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
 msgstr ""
-"keine Warnung für existierende Dateien, und Dateien, die sich nicht in der "
-"Staging-Area befinden"
+"keine Warnung für existierende Dateien, und Dateien, die sich nicht im Index "
+"befinden"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:193
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:164
 msgid "don't checkout new files"
 msgstr "keine neuen Dateien auschecken"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:195
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:166
 msgid "update stat information in the index file"
-msgstr "Dateiinformationen in der Staging-Area-Datei aktualisieren"
+msgstr "Dateiinformationen in der Index-Datei aktualisieren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:201
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:170
 msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
 msgstr "eine Liste von Pfaden von der Standard-Eingabe lesen"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:203
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:172
 msgid "write the content to temporary files"
 msgstr "den Inhalt in temporäre Dateien schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:204 builtin/column.c:30
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:173 builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1203 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1206
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1212 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1574
+#: builtin/worktree.c:570
 msgid "string"
 msgstr "Zeichenkette"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:205
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:174
 msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
 msgstr ""
 "wenn Dateien erzeugt werden, stelle <Zeichenkette> dem Dateinamen voran"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:208
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:176
 msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
 msgstr "Dateien von dem benannten Stand kopieren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:25
-msgid "git checkout [options] <branch>"
-msgstr "git checkout [Optionen] <Branch>"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:27
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] <branch>"
+msgstr "git checkout [<Optionen>] <Branch>"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:26
-msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
-msgstr "git checkout [Optionen] [<Branch>] -- <Datei>..."
+#: builtin/checkout.c:28
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
+msgstr "git checkout [<Optionen>] [<Branch>] -- <Datei>..."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:132 builtin/checkout.c:165
+#: builtin/checkout.c:136 builtin/checkout.c:169
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
 msgstr "Pfad '%s' hat nicht unsere Version."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:134 builtin/checkout.c:167
+#: builtin/checkout.c:138 builtin/checkout.c:171
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
 msgstr "Pfad '%s' hat nicht deren Version."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:150
+#: builtin/checkout.c:154
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
 msgstr "Pfad '%s' hat nicht alle notwendigen Versionen."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:194
+#: builtin/checkout.c:198
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
 msgstr "Pfad '%s' hat nicht die notwendigen Versionen."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:211
+#: builtin/checkout.c:215
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
 msgstr "Pfad '%s': kann nicht zusammenführen"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:228
+#: builtin/checkout.c:231
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Merge-Ergebnis von '%s' nicht hinzufügen."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:249 builtin/checkout.c:252 builtin/checkout.c:255
-#: builtin/checkout.c:258
+#: builtin/checkout.c:253 builtin/checkout.c:256 builtin/checkout.c:259
+#: builtin/checkout.c:262
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
-msgstr "'%s' kann nicht mit Pfaden verwendet werden"
+msgstr "'%s' kann nicht mit der Aktualisierung von Pfaden verwendet werden"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:261 builtin/checkout.c:264
+#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:268
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr "'%s' kann nicht mit '%s' verwendet werden"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:267
+#: builtin/checkout.c:271
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
 msgstr ""
 "Kann nicht gleichzeitig Pfade aktualisieren und zu Branch '%s' wechseln"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:278 builtin/checkout.c:467
-msgid "corrupt index file"
-msgstr "beschädigte Staging-Area-Datei"
-
-#: builtin/checkout.c:338 builtin/checkout.c:345
+#: builtin/checkout.c:340 builtin/checkout.c:347
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
 msgstr "Pfad '%s' ist nicht zusammengeführt."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:489
+#: builtin/checkout.c:505
 msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
-msgstr "Sie müssen zuerst Ihre aktuelle Staging-Area auflösen."
+msgstr "Sie müssen zuerst die Konflikte in Ihrem aktuellen Index auflösen."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:615
+#: builtin/checkout.c:636
 #, c-format
-msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
-msgstr "Konnte \"reflog\" für '%s' nicht durchführen\n"
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "Kann \"reflog\" für '%s' nicht durchführen: %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:653
+#: builtin/checkout.c:677
 msgid "HEAD is now at"
 msgstr "HEAD ist jetzt bei"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:660
+#: builtin/checkout.c:681 builtin/clone.c:689
+msgid "unable to update HEAD"
+msgstr "Konnte HEAD nicht aktualisieren."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:685
 #, c-format
 msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Setze Branch '%s' neu\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:663
+#: builtin/checkout.c:688
 #, c-format
 msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Bereits auf '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:667
+#: builtin/checkout.c:692
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Zu umgesetztem Branch '%s' gewechselt\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:669 builtin/checkout.c:1050
+#: builtin/checkout.c:694 builtin/checkout.c:1039
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Zu neuem Branch '%s' gewechselt\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:671
+#: builtin/checkout.c:696
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Zu Branch '%s' gewechselt\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:723
+#: builtin/checkout.c:747
 #, c-format
 msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
 msgstr " ... und %d weitere.\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:729
+#: builtin/checkout.c:753
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
@@ -3572,110 +6728,123 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "\n"
 "%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:747
+#: builtin/checkout.c:772
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
+"If you want to keep it by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgid_plural ""
 "If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
 "to do so with:\n"
 "\n"
-" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
 "\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr[0] ""
 "Wenn Sie diese durch einen neuen Branch behalten möchten, dann könnte jetzt\n"
-"ein guter Zeitpunkt sein dies zu tun mit:\n"
+"ein guter Zeitpunkt sein, dies zu tun mit:\n"
 "\n"
-" git branch neuer_branch_name %s\n"
+" git branch <neuer-Branchname> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Wenn Sie diese durch einen neuen Branch behalten möchten, dann könnte jetzt\n"
+"ein guter Zeitpunkt sein, dies zu tun mit:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <neuer-Branchname> %s\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:777
+#: builtin/checkout.c:804
 msgid "internal error in revision walk"
 msgstr "interner Fehler im Revisionsgang"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:781
+#: builtin/checkout.c:808
 msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
 msgstr "Vorherige Position von HEAD war"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:808 builtin/checkout.c:1045
+#: builtin/checkout.c:836 builtin/checkout.c:1034
 msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
-msgstr "Sie sind auf einem Branch, der noch geboren wird"
+msgstr "Sie sind auf einem Branch, der noch nicht geboren ist"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:952
+#: builtin/checkout.c:940
 #, c-format
 msgid "only one reference expected, %d given."
 msgstr "nur eine Referenz erwartet, %d gegeben."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:991
+#: builtin/checkout.c:980 builtin/worktree.c:249
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid reference: %s"
 msgstr "Ungültige Referenz: %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1020
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1009
 #, c-format
 msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
 msgstr "Referenz ist kein \"Tree\"-Objekt: %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1059
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1048
 msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr "Pfade können nicht beim Wechseln von Branches verwendet werden"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1062 builtin/checkout.c:1066
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1051 builtin/checkout.c:1055
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr "'%s' kann nicht beim Wechseln von Branches verwendet werden"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1070 builtin/checkout.c:1073 builtin/checkout.c:1078
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1081
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1059 builtin/checkout.c:1062 builtin/checkout.c:1067
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1070
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
 msgstr "'%s' kann nicht mit '%s' verwendet werden"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1086
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1075
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
 msgstr "Kann Branch nicht zu Nicht-Commit '%s' wechseln"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1108 builtin/checkout.c:1110 builtin/clone.c:90
-#: builtin/remote.c:159 builtin/remote.c:161
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1107 builtin/checkout.c:1109 builtin/clone.c:116
+#: builtin/remote.c:166 builtin/remote.c:168 builtin/worktree.c:387
+#: builtin/worktree.c:389
 msgid "branch"
 msgstr "Branch"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1109
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1108
 msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
 msgstr "einen neuen Branch erzeugen und auschecken"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1111
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1110
 msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
 msgstr "einen Branch erstellen/umsetzen und auschecken"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1112
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1111
 msgid "create reflog for new branch"
 msgstr "das Reflog für den neuen Branch erzeugen"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1113
-msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
-msgstr "HEAD zu benanntem Commit setzen"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1112 builtin/worktree.c:391
+msgid "detach HEAD at named commit"
+msgstr "HEAD bei benanntem Commit loslösen"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1114
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1113
 msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
 msgstr "Informationen zum Upstream-Branch für den neuen Branch setzen"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1115
 msgid "new-branch"
 msgstr "neuer Branch"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1115
 msgid "new unparented branch"
 msgstr "neuer Branch ohne Eltern-Commit"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1117
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
 msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
 msgstr "unsere Variante für nicht zusammengeführte Dateien auschecken"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1119
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1118
 msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
 msgstr "ihre Variante für nicht zusammengeführte Dateien auschecken"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1121
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1120
 msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
 msgstr "Auschecken erzwingen (verwirft lokale Änderungen)"
 
@@ -3683,64 +6852,72 @@ msgstr "Auschecken erzwingen (verwirft lokale Änderungen)"
 msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
 msgstr "einen 3-Wege-Merge mit dem neuen Branch ausführen"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1123 builtin/merge.c:227
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1124 builtin/merge.c:239
 msgid "update ignored files (default)"
 msgstr "ignorierte Dateien aktualisieren (Standard)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1124 builtin/log.c:1239 parse-options.h:245
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1126 builtin/log.c:1499 parse-options.h:263
 msgid "style"
 msgstr "Stil"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1127
 msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
 msgstr "Konfliktstil (merge oder diff3)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1128
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1130
 msgid "do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only"
 msgstr "keine Einschränkung bei Pfadspezifikationen zum partiellen Auschecken"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1130
-msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
-msgstr "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1132
+msgid "second guess 'git checkout <no-such-branch>'"
+msgstr "second guess 'git checkout <no-such-branch>'"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1134
+msgid "do not check if another worktree is holding the given ref"
+msgstr ""
+"Prüfung, ob die Referenz bereits in einem anderen Arbeitsverzeichnis "
+"ausgecheckt wurde, deaktivieren"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1138 builtin/clone.c:83 builtin/fetch.c:150
+#: builtin/merge.c:236 builtin/pull.c:123 builtin/push.c:556
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:173
+msgid "force progress reporting"
+msgstr "Fortschrittsanzeige erzwingen"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1153
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1168
 msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
 msgstr "Die Optionen -b, -B und --orphan schließen sich gegenseitig aus."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1170
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1185
 msgid "--track needs a branch name"
 msgstr "Bei der Option --track muss ein Branchname angegeben werden."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1175
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1190
 msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
 msgstr "Vermisse Branchnamen; versuchen Sie -b"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1212
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1226
 msgid "invalid path specification"
 msgstr "ungültige Pfadspezifikation"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1219
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1233
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
-"Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit and a branch '%s' cannot be created from it"
 msgstr ""
-"Kann nicht gleichzeitig Pfade aktualisieren und zu Branch '%s' wechseln.\n"
-"Haben Sie beabsichtigt '%s' auszuchecken, welcher nicht als Commit aufgelöst "
-"werden kann?"
+"'%s' ist kein Commit und es kann kein Branch '%s' aus diesem erstellt werden."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1224
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1237
 #, c-format
 msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
 msgstr "git checkout: --detach nimmt kein Pfad-Argument '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1228
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1241
 msgid ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
 "checking out of the index."
 msgstr ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force und --merge sind inkompatibel wenn\n"
-"Sie aus der Staging-Area auschecken."
+"Sie aus dem Index auschecken."
 
 #: builtin/clean.c:26
 msgid ""
@@ -3773,19 +6950,21 @@ msgstr "Würde Repository %s überspringen\n"
 msgid "failed to remove %s"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Löschen von %s"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:295
+#: builtin/clean.c:302 git-add--interactive.perl:572
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Prompt help:\n"
 "1          - select a numbered item\n"
 "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
-"           - (empty) select nothing"
+"           - (empty) select nothing\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Eingabehilfe:\n"
 "1          - nummeriertes Element auswählen\n"
 "foo        - Element anhand eines eindeutigen Präfix auswählen\n"
-"           - (leer) nichts auswählen"
+"           - (leer) nichts auswählen\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:299
+#: builtin/clean.c:306 git-add--interactive.perl:581
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Prompt help:\n"
 "1          - select a single item\n"
@@ -3794,7 +6973,7 @@ msgid ""
 "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
 "-...       - unselect specified items\n"
 "*          - choose all items\n"
-"           - (empty) finish selecting"
+"           - (empty) finish selecting\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Eingabehilfe:\n"
 "1          - einzelnes Element auswählen\n"
@@ -3803,37 +6982,40 @@ msgstr ""
 "foo        - Element anhand eines eindeutigen Präfix auswählen\n"
 "-...       - angegebenes Element abwählen\n"
 "*          - alle Elemente auswählen\n"
-"           - (leer) Auswahl beenden"
+"           - (leer) Auswahl beenden\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:517
-#, c-format
-msgid "Huh (%s)?"
-msgstr "Wie bitte (%s)?"
+#: builtin/clean.c:522 git-add--interactive.perl:547
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:552
+#, c-format, perl-format
+msgid "Huh (%s)?\n"
+msgstr "Wie bitte (%s)?\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:659
+#: builtin/clean.c:664
 #, c-format
 msgid "Input ignore patterns>> "
 msgstr "Ignorier-Muster eingeben>> "
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:696
+#: builtin/clean.c:701
 #, c-format
 msgid "WARNING: Cannot find items matched by: %s"
 msgstr "WARNUNG: Kann keine Einträge finden die Muster entsprechen: %s"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:717
+#: builtin/clean.c:722
 msgid "Select items to delete"
 msgstr "Wählen Sie Einträge zum Löschen"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:757
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to keep [y/N] as is
+#: builtin/clean.c:763
 #, c-format
-msgid "remove %s? "
-msgstr "'%s' löschen? "
+msgid "Remove %s [y/N]? "
+msgstr "'%s' löschen [y/N]? "
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:782
-msgid "Bye."
-msgstr "Tschüss."
+#: builtin/clean.c:788 git-add--interactive.perl:1710
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bye.\n"
+msgstr "Tschüss.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:790
+#: builtin/clean.c:796
 msgid ""
 "clean               - start cleaning\n"
 "filter by pattern   - exclude items from deletion\n"
@@ -3851,62 +7033,64 @@ msgstr ""
 "help                - diese Meldung anzeigen\n"
 "?                   - Hilfe zur Auswahl mittels Eingabe anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:817
+#: builtin/clean.c:823 git-add--interactive.perl:1786
 msgid "*** Commands ***"
-msgstr "*** Kommandos ***"
+msgstr "*** Befehle ***"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:818
+#: builtin/clean.c:824 git-add--interactive.perl:1783
 msgid "What now"
 msgstr "Was nun"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:826
+#: builtin/clean.c:832
 msgid "Would remove the following item:"
 msgid_plural "Would remove the following items:"
 msgstr[0] "Würde das folgende Element entfernen:"
 msgstr[1] "Würde die folgenden Elemente entfernen:"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:843
+#: builtin/clean.c:848
 msgid "No more files to clean, exiting."
 msgstr "Keine Dateien mehr zum Löschen, beende."
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:874
+#: builtin/clean.c:910
 msgid "do not print names of files removed"
 msgstr "keine Namen von gelöschten Dateien ausgeben"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:876
+#: builtin/clean.c:912
 msgid "force"
 msgstr "Aktion erzwingen"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:877
+#: builtin/clean.c:913
 msgid "interactive cleaning"
 msgstr "interaktives Clean"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:879
+#: builtin/clean.c:915
 msgid "remove whole directories"
 msgstr "ganze Verzeichnisse löschen"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:880 builtin/describe.c:407 builtin/grep.c:714
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:486 builtin/name-rev.c:311 builtin/show-ref.c:185
+#: builtin/clean.c:916 builtin/describe.c:533 builtin/describe.c:535
+#: builtin/grep.c:871 builtin/log.c:157 builtin/log.c:159
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:548 builtin/name-rev.c:397 builtin/name-rev.c:399
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
 msgid "pattern"
 msgstr "Muster"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:881
+#: builtin/clean.c:917
 msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
 msgstr "<Muster> zu den Regeln für ignorierte Pfade hinzufügen"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:882
+#: builtin/clean.c:918
 msgid "remove ignored files, too"
 msgstr "auch ignorierte Dateien löschen"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:884
+#: builtin/clean.c:920
 msgid "remove only ignored files"
 msgstr "nur ignorierte Dateien löschen"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:902
+#: builtin/clean.c:938
 msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
 msgstr "Die Optionen -x und -X können nicht gemeinsam verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:906
+#: builtin/clean.c:942
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce set to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; refusing to "
 "clean"
@@ -3914,7 +7098,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce auf \"true\" gesetzt und weder -i, -n noch -f gegeben; "
 "\"clean\" verweigert"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:909
+#: builtin/clean.c:945
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; "
 "refusing to clean"
@@ -3922,158 +7106,193 @@ msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce standardmäßig auf \"true\" gesetzt und weder -i, -n noch -"
 "f gegeben; \"clean\" verweigert"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:37
-msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
-msgstr "git clone [Optionen] [--] <Repository> [<Verzeichnis>]"
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:66 builtin/fetch.c:112 builtin/merge.c:224
-#: builtin/push.c:514
-msgid "force progress reporting"
-msgstr "Fortschrittsanzeige erzwingen"
+#: builtin/clone.c:40
+msgid "git clone [<options>] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+msgstr "git clone [<Optionen>] [--] <Repository> [<Verzeichnis>]"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:68
+#: builtin/clone.c:85
 msgid "don't create a checkout"
 msgstr "kein Auschecken"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:69 builtin/clone.c:71 builtin/init-db.c:496
+#: builtin/clone.c:86 builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/init-db.c:479
 msgid "create a bare repository"
 msgstr "ein Bare-Repository erstellen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:73
+#: builtin/clone.c:90
 msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
 msgstr "ein Spiegelarchiv erstellen (impliziert --bare)"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:75
+#: builtin/clone.c:92
 msgid "to clone from a local repository"
 msgstr "von einem lokalen Repository klonen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:77
+#: builtin/clone.c:94
 msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
 msgstr "lokal keine harten Verweise verwenden, immer Kopien"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:79
+#: builtin/clone.c:96
 msgid "setup as shared repository"
 msgstr "als verteiltes Repository einrichten"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:81 builtin/clone.c:83
+#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/clone.c:102
+msgid "pathspec"
+msgstr "Pfadspezifikation"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/clone.c:102
 msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
 msgstr "Submodule im Klon initialisieren"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:493
+#: builtin/clone.c:105
+msgid "number of submodules cloned in parallel"
+msgstr "Anzahl der parallel zu klonenden Submodule"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:106 builtin/init-db.c:476
 msgid "template-directory"
 msgstr "Vorlagenverzeichnis"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/init-db.c:494
+#: builtin/clone.c:107 builtin/init-db.c:477
 msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
 msgstr "Verzeichnis, von welchem die Vorlagen verwendet werden"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:87
+#: builtin/clone.c:109 builtin/clone.c:111 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1210
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1577
 msgid "reference repository"
 msgstr "Repository referenzieren"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/clone.c:113
+msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
+msgstr "--reference nur während des Klonens benutzen"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:114 builtin/column.c:27 builtin/merge-file.c:44
 msgid "name"
 msgstr "Name"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:89
+#: builtin/clone.c:115
 msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
 msgstr "<Name> statt 'origin' für Upstream-Repository verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:91
+#: builtin/clone.c:117
 msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
 msgstr "<Branch> auschecken, anstatt HEAD des Remote-Repositories"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:93
+#: builtin/clone.c:119
 msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
 msgstr "Pfad zu \"git-upload-pack\" auf der Gegenseite"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:94 builtin/fetch.c:113 builtin/grep.c:659
+#: builtin/clone.c:120 builtin/fetch.c:151 builtin/grep.c:813
+#: builtin/pull.c:211
 msgid "depth"
 msgstr "Tiefe"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:95
+#: builtin/clone.c:121
 msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
 msgstr ""
 "einen Klon mit unvollständiger Historie (shallow) in dieser Tiefe erstellen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:97
+#: builtin/clone.c:122 builtin/fetch.c:153 builtin/pack-objects.c:3017
+#: parse-options.h:154
+msgid "time"
+msgstr "Zeit"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:123
+msgid "create a shallow clone since a specific time"
+msgstr ""
+"einen Klon mit unvollständiger Historie (shallow) seit einer bestimmten "
+"Zeit\n"
+"erstellen"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:124 builtin/fetch.c:155
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "Commit"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:125 builtin/fetch.c:156
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone, excluding rev"
+msgstr ""
+"die Historie eines Klons mit unvollständiger Historie (shallow) mittels\n"
+"Ausschluss eines Commits vertiefen"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:127
 msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
 msgstr "nur einen Branch klonen, HEAD oder --branch"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:99
-msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
-msgstr "--reference nur während des Klonens benutzen"
+#: builtin/clone.c:129
+msgid "don't clone any tags, and make later fetches not to follow them"
+msgstr "keine Tags klonen, und auch bei späteren Abrufen nicht beachten"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/init-db.c:502
+#: builtin/clone.c:131
+msgid "any cloned submodules will be shallow"
+msgstr "jedes geklonte Submodul mit unvollständiger Historie (shallow)"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:132 builtin/init-db.c:485
 msgid "gitdir"
 msgstr ".git-Verzeichnis"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:101 builtin/init-db.c:503
+#: builtin/clone.c:133 builtin/init-db.c:486
 msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
 msgstr "Git-Verzeichnis vom Arbeitsverzeichnis separieren"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:102
+#: builtin/clone.c:134
 msgid "key=value"
 msgstr "Schlüssel=Wert"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:103
+#: builtin/clone.c:135
 msgid "set config inside the new repository"
 msgstr "Konfiguration innerhalb des neuen Repositories setzen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:256
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
-msgstr "Referenziertes Repository '%s' ist kein lokales Repository."
+#: builtin/clone.c:136 builtin/fetch.c:173 builtin/pull.c:224
+#: builtin/push.c:567
+msgid "use IPv4 addresses only"
+msgstr "nur IPv4-Adressen benutzen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:260
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
-msgstr ""
-"Referenziertes Repository '%s' hat eine unvollständige Historie (shallow)."
+#: builtin/clone.c:138 builtin/fetch.c:175 builtin/pull.c:227
+#: builtin/push.c:569
+msgid "use IPv6 addresses only"
+msgstr "nur IPv6-Adressen benutzen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:263
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
+#: builtin/clone.c:276
+msgid ""
+"No directory name could be guessed.\n"
+"Please specify a directory on the command line"
 msgstr ""
-"Referenziertes Repository '%s' ist mit künstlichen Vorgängern (\"grafts\") "
-"eingehängt."
+"Konnte keinen Verzeichnisnamen erraten.\n"
+"Bitte geben Sie ein Verzeichnis auf der Befehlszeile an."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:325
+#: builtin/clone.c:329
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
-msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen von Verzeichnis '%s'"
+msgid "info: Could not add alternate for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "info: Konnte Alternative für '%s' nicht hinzufügen: %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:327 builtin/diff.c:84
+#: builtin/clone.c:401
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
-msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht lesen"
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Öffnen von '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:329
+#: builtin/clone.c:409
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
 msgstr "%s existiert und ist kein Verzeichnis"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:343
+#: builtin/clone.c:423
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
 msgstr "Konnte %s nicht lesen\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:365
+#: builtin/clone.c:445
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Verweis '%s' nicht erstellen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:369
+#: builtin/clone.c:449
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Datei nicht nach '%s' kopieren"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:392 builtin/clone.c:566
+#: builtin/clone.c:475
 #, c-format
 msgid "done.\n"
 msgstr "Fertig.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:404
+#: builtin/clone.c:489
 msgid ""
 "Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
 "You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
@@ -4083,234 +7302,200 @@ msgstr ""
 "Sie können mit 'git status' prüfen, was ausgecheckt worden ist\n"
 "und das Auschecken mit 'git checkout -f HEAD' erneut versuchen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:481
+#: builtin/clone.c:566
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
 msgstr "Konnte zu klonenden Remote-Branch %s nicht finden."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:561
-#, c-format
-msgid "Checking connectivity... "
-msgstr "Prüfe Konnektivität... "
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:564
+#: builtin/clone.c:661
 msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
 msgstr "Remote-Repository hat nicht alle erforderlichen Objekte gesendet."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:628
+#: builtin/clone.c:677
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to update %s"
+msgstr "kann %s nicht aktualisieren"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:726
 msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Externer HEAD bezieht sich auf eine nicht existierende Referenz und kann "
 "nicht ausgecheckt werden.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:659
+#: builtin/clone.c:756
 msgid "unable to checkout working tree"
 msgstr "Arbeitsverzeichnis konnte nicht ausgecheckt werden"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:746
+#: builtin/clone.c:801
+msgid "unable to write parameters to config file"
+msgstr "konnte Parameter nicht in Konfigurationsdatei schreiben"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:864
 msgid "cannot repack to clean up"
 msgstr "Kann \"repack\" zum Aufräumen nicht aufrufen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:748
+#: builtin/clone.c:866
 msgid "cannot unlink temporary alternates file"
 msgstr "Kann temporäre \"alternates\"-Datei nicht entfernen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:778
+#: builtin/clone.c:906 builtin/receive-pack.c:1946
 msgid "Too many arguments."
 msgstr "Zu viele Argumente."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:782
+#: builtin/clone.c:910
 msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
 msgstr "Sie müssen ein Repository zum Klonen angeben."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:793
+#: builtin/clone.c:923
 #, c-format
 msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
 msgstr "Die Optionen --bare und --origin %s sind inkompatibel."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:796
+#: builtin/clone.c:926
 msgid "--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."
 msgstr "Die Optionen --bare und --separate-git-dir sind inkompatibel."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:809
+#: builtin/clone.c:939
 #, c-format
 msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "Repository '%s' existiert nicht."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:815 builtin/fetch.c:1155
+#: builtin/clone.c:945 builtin/fetch.c:1455
 #, c-format
 msgid "depth %s is not a positive number"
 msgstr "Tiefe %s ist keine positive Zahl"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:825
+#: builtin/clone.c:955
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
 msgstr "Zielpfad '%s' existiert bereits und ist kein leeres Verzeichnis."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:835
+#: builtin/clone.c:965
 #, c-format
 msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "Arbeitsverzeichnis '%s' existiert bereits."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:848 builtin/clone.c:860
+#: builtin/clone.c:980 builtin/clone.c:1001 builtin/difftool.c:270
+#: builtin/worktree.c:255 builtin/worktree.c:285
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte führende Verzeichnisse von '%s' nicht erstellen."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:851
+#: builtin/clone.c:985
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
-msgstr "Konnte Arbeitsverzeichnis '%s' nicht erstellen."
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Arbeitsverzeichnis '%s' nicht erstellen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:870
+#: builtin/clone.c:1005
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
-msgstr "Klone in Bare-Repository '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "Klone in Bare-Repository '%s' ...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:872
+#: builtin/clone.c:1007
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
-msgstr "Klone nach '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "Klone nach '%s' ...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:897
-msgid "--dissociate given, but there is no --reference"
-msgstr "--dissociate ohne --reference angegeben"
+#: builtin/clone.c:1031
+msgid ""
+"clone --recursive is not compatible with both --reference and --reference-if-"
+"able"
+msgstr ""
+"'clone --recursive' ist nicht kompatibel mit --reference und --reference-if-"
+"able"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:912
+#: builtin/clone.c:1093
 msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
 msgstr ""
 "Die Option --depth wird in lokalen Klonen ignoriert; benutzen Sie "
 "stattdessen file://"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:915
+#: builtin/clone.c:1095
+msgid "--shallow-since is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--shallow-since wird in lokalen Klonen ignoriert; benutzen Sie stattdessen "
+"file://"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1097
+msgid "--shallow-exclude is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--shallow-exclude wird in lokalen Klonen ignoriert; benutzen Sie stattdessen "
+"file://"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1099
+msgid "--filter is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--filter wird in lokalen Klonen ignoriert; benutzen Sie stattdessen file://"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1102
 msgid "source repository is shallow, ignoring --local"
 msgstr ""
-"Quelle ist ein Repository mit unvollständiger Historie (shallow),ignoriere --"
-"local"
+"Quelle ist ein Repository mit unvollständiger Historie (shallow),\n"
+"ignoriere --local"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:920
+#: builtin/clone.c:1107
 msgid "--local is ignored"
 msgstr "--local wird ignoriert"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:924
-#, c-format
-msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
-msgstr "Weiß nicht wie %s zu klonen ist."
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:975 builtin/clone.c:983
+#: builtin/clone.c:1169 builtin/clone.c:1177
 #, c-format
 msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
 msgstr "Remote-Branch %s nicht im Upstream-Repository %s gefunden"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:986
+#: builtin/clone.c:1180
 msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
 msgstr "Sie scheinen ein leeres Repository geklont zu haben."
 
-#: builtin/column.c:9
-msgid "git column [options]"
-msgstr "git column [Optionen]"
+#: builtin/column.c:10
+msgid "git column [<options>]"
+msgstr "git column [<Optionen>]"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:26
+#: builtin/column.c:27
 msgid "lookup config vars"
 msgstr "Konfigurationsvariablen nachschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:27 builtin/column.c:28
+#: builtin/column.c:28 builtin/column.c:29
 msgid "layout to use"
 msgstr "zu verwendende Anordnung"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:29
+#: builtin/column.c:30
 msgid "Maximum width"
 msgstr "maximale Breite"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:30
+#: builtin/column.c:31
 msgid "Padding space on left border"
 msgstr "Abstand zum linken Rand"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/column.c:32
 msgid "Padding space on right border"
-msgstr "Abstand zur rechten Rand"
+msgstr "Abstand zum rechten Rand"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:32
+#: builtin/column.c:33
 msgid "Padding space between columns"
 msgstr "Abstand zwischen Spalten"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:51
+#: builtin/column.c:52
 msgid "--command must be the first argument"
 msgstr "Die Option --command muss an erster Stelle stehen."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:37
-msgid "git commit [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git commit [Optionen] [--] <Pfadspezifikation>..."
+msgid "git commit [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git commit [<Optionen>] [--] <Pfadspezifikation>..."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:42
-msgid "git status [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git status [Optionen] [--] <Pfadspezifikation>..."
+msgid "git status [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git status [<Optionen>] [--] <Pfadspezifikation>..."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:47
 msgid ""
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
-"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
-"your configuration file:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global --edit\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Ihr Name und E-Mail Adresse wurden automatisch auf Basis\n"
-"Ihres Benutzer- und Rechnernamens konfiguriert. Bitte prüfen Sie, dass\n"
-"diese zutreffend sind. Sie können diese Meldung unterdrücken, indem Sie\n"
-"diese explizit setzen. Führen Sie dazu das folgende Kommando aus und folgen\n"
-"Sie den Anweisungen in Ihrem Editor, um die Konfigurationsdatei zu "
-"bearbeiten:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global --edit\n"
-"\n"
-"Nachdem Sie das getan haben, können Sie Ihre Identität für diesen Commit\n"
-"ändern mit:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:60
-msgid ""
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Ihr Name und E-Mail Adresse wurden automatisch auf Basis\n"
-"Ihres Benutzer- und Rechnernamens konfiguriert. Bitte prüfen Sie, dass\n"
-"diese zutreffend sind. Sie können diese Meldung unterdrücken, indem Sie\n"
-"diese explizit setzen:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"Ihr Name\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email ihre@emailadresse.de\n"
-"\n"
-"Nachdem Sie das getan haben, können Sie Ihre Identität für diesen Commit "
-"ändern:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:72
-msgid ""
 "You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
 "it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
 "remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Sie fragten den jüngsten Commit nachzubessern, aber das würde diesen leer\n"
-"machen. Sie können Ihr Kommando mit --allow-empty wiederholen, oder diesen\n"
+"machen. Sie können Ihren Befehl mit --allow-empty wiederholen, oder diesen\n"
 "Commit mit \"git reset HEAD^\" vollständig entfernen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:77
+#: builtin/commit.c:52
 msgid ""
 "The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
 "If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
@@ -4325,11 +7510,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "    git commit --allow-empty\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:84
+#: builtin/commit.c:59
 msgid "Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
 msgstr "Andernfalls benutzen Sie bitte 'git reset'\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:87
+#: builtin/commit.c:62
 msgid ""
 "If you wish to skip this commit, use:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -4345,71 +7530,62 @@ msgstr ""
 "Benutzen Sie anschließend \"git cherry-pick --continue\", um die\n"
 "Cherry-Pick-Operation mit den verbleibenden Commits fortzusetzen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:302
+#: builtin/commit.c:284
 msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Entpacken des \"Tree\"-Objektes von HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:342
+#: builtin/commit.c:325
 msgid "unable to create temporary index"
-msgstr "Konnte temporäre Staging-Area nicht erstellen."
+msgstr "Konnte temporären Index nicht erstellen."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:348
+#: builtin/commit.c:331
 msgid "interactive add failed"
 msgstr "interaktives Hinzufügen fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:359
-msgid "unable to write index file"
-msgstr "Konnte Staging-Area-Datei nicht schreiben."
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:361
+#: builtin/commit.c:344
 msgid "unable to update temporary index"
-msgstr "Konnte temporäre Staging-Area nicht aktualisieren."
+msgstr "Konnte temporären Index nicht aktualisieren."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:363
+#: builtin/commit.c:346
 msgid "Failed to update main cache tree"
 msgstr "Konnte Haupt-Cache-Verzeichnis nicht aktualisieren"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:387 builtin/commit.c:412 builtin/commit.c:461
+#: builtin/commit.c:371 builtin/commit.c:395 builtin/commit.c:444
 msgid "unable to write new_index file"
 msgstr "Konnte new_index Datei nicht schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:443
+#: builtin/commit.c:427
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
 msgstr "Kann keinen Teil-Commit durchführen, während ein Merge im Gange ist."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:445
+#: builtin/commit.c:429
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
 msgstr ""
 "Kann keinen Teil-Commit durchführen, während \"cherry-pick\" im Gange ist."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:454
+#: builtin/commit.c:437
 msgid "cannot read the index"
-msgstr "Kann Staging-Area nicht lesen"
+msgstr "Kann Index nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:473
+#: builtin/commit.c:456
 msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
-msgstr "Konnte temporäre Staging-Area-Datei nicht schreiben."
+msgstr "Konnte temporäre Index-Datei nicht schreiben."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:584
+#: builtin/commit.c:553
 #, c-format
 msgid "commit '%s' lacks author header"
 msgstr "Commit '%s' fehlt Autor-Kopfbereich"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:586
+#: builtin/commit.c:555
 #, c-format
 msgid "commit '%s' has malformed author line"
 msgstr "Commit '%s' hat fehlerhafte Autor-Zeile"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:605
+#: builtin/commit.c:574
 msgid "malformed --author parameter"
 msgstr "Fehlerhafter --author Parameter"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:613
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid date format: %s"
-msgstr "Ungültiges Datumsformat: %s"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:657
+#: builtin/commit.c:626
 msgid ""
 "unable to select a comment character that is not used\n"
 "in the current commit message"
@@ -4417,43 +7593,38 @@ msgstr ""
 "Konnte kein Kommentar-Zeichen auswählen, das nicht in\n"
 "der aktuellen Commit-Beschreibung verwendet wird."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:694 builtin/commit.c:727 builtin/commit.c:1084
+#: builtin/commit.c:663 builtin/commit.c:696 builtin/commit.c:1024
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
 msgstr "Konnte Commit %s nicht nachschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:706 builtin/shortlog.c:273
+#: builtin/commit.c:675 builtin/shortlog.c:309
 #, c-format
 msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
 msgstr "(lese Log-Nachricht von Standard-Eingabe)\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:708
+#: builtin/commit.c:677
 msgid "could not read log from standard input"
 msgstr "Konnte Log nicht von Standard-Eingabe lesen."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:712
+#: builtin/commit.c:681
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Log-Datei '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:734
-msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
-msgstr "Konnte MERGE_MSG nicht lesen"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:738
+#: builtin/commit.c:710 builtin/commit.c:718
 msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr "Konnte SQUASH_MSG nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:742
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not read '%s'"
-msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht lesen"
+#: builtin/commit.c:715
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "Konnte MERGE_MSG nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:789
+#: builtin/commit.c:769
 msgid "could not write commit template"
 msgstr "Konnte Commit-Vorlage nicht schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:807
+#: builtin/commit.c:787
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -4468,7 +7639,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "und versuchen Sie es erneut.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:812
+#: builtin/commit.c:792
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -4483,7 +7654,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "und versuchen Sie es erneut.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:825
+#: builtin/commit.c:805
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
@@ -4493,7 +7664,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "die mit '%c' beginnen, werden ignoriert, und eine leere Beschreibung\n"
 "bricht den Commit ab.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:832
+#: builtin/commit.c:813
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
@@ -4506,155 +7677,170 @@ msgstr ""
 "entfernen.\n"
 "Eine leere Beschreibung bricht den Commit ab.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:852
+#: builtin/commit.c:830
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sAuthor:    %.*s <%.*s>"
 msgstr "%sAutor:           %.*s <%.*s>"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:860
+#: builtin/commit.c:838
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sDate:      %s"
 msgstr "%sDatum:            %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:867
+#: builtin/commit.c:845
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sCommitter: %.*s <%.*s>"
 msgstr "%sCommit-Ersteller: %.*s <%.*s>"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:885
+#: builtin/commit.c:862
 msgid "Cannot read index"
-msgstr "Kann Staging-Area nicht lesen"
+msgstr "Kann Index nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:942
+#: builtin/commit.c:928
 msgid "Error building trees"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Erzeugen der \"Tree\"-Objekte"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:957 builtin/tag.c:495
+#: builtin/commit.c:942 builtin/tag.c:256
 #, c-format
 msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Bitte liefern Sie eine Beschreibung entweder mit der Option -m oder -F.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1059
+#: builtin/commit.c:986
+#, c-format
+msgid "--author '%s' is not 'Name <email>' and matches no existing author"
+msgstr ""
+"--author '%s' ist nicht im Format 'Name <E-Mail>' und stimmt mit keinem "
+"vorhandenen Autor überein"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1000
 #, c-format
-msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
-msgstr "Kein existierender Autor mit '%s' gefunden."
+msgid "Invalid ignored mode '%s'"
+msgstr "Ungültiger ignored-Modus '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1074 builtin/commit.c:1314
+#: builtin/commit.c:1014 builtin/commit.c:1264
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
 msgstr "Ungültiger Modus '%s' für unversionierte Dateien"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1111
+#: builtin/commit.c:1052
 msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
 msgstr "Die Optionen --long und -z sind inkompatibel."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1141
+#: builtin/commit.c:1085
 msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
 msgstr ""
 "Die Optionen --reset-author und --author können nicht gemeinsam verwendet "
 "werden."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1150
+#: builtin/commit.c:1094
 msgid "You have nothing to amend."
 msgstr "Sie haben nichts für \"--amend\"."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1153
+#: builtin/commit.c:1097
 msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
 msgstr "Ein Merge ist im Gange -- kann \"--amend\" nicht ausführen."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1155
+#: builtin/commit.c:1099
 msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
 msgstr "\"cherry-pick\" ist im Gange -- kann \"--amend\" nicht ausführen."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1158
+#: builtin/commit.c:1102
 msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
 msgstr ""
 "Die Optionen --squash und --fixup können nicht gemeinsam verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1168
+#: builtin/commit.c:1112
 msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
 msgstr "Es kann nur eine Option von -c/-C/-F/--fixup verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1170
-msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
-msgstr "Die Option -m kann nicht mit -c/-C/-F/--fixup kombiniert werden."
+#: builtin/commit.c:1114
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F."
+msgstr "Die Option -m kann nicht mit -c/-C/-F kombiniert werden."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1178
+#: builtin/commit.c:1122
 msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
 msgstr ""
 "Die Option --reset--author kann nur mit -C, -c oder --amend verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1195
+#: builtin/commit.c:1139
 msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
 msgstr ""
 "Es kann nur eine Option von --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch "
 "verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1197
+#: builtin/commit.c:1141
 msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
 msgstr ""
 "Die Optionen --include und --only können nur mit der Angabe von Pfaden "
 "verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1199
-msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
-msgstr ""
-"Klug... den letzten Commit mit einer geänderten Staging-Area nachbessern."
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1201
-msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i or -o; assuming --only paths..."
-msgstr "Explizite Pfade ohne -i oder -o angegeben; nehme --only an"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1213 builtin/tag.c:728
+#: builtin/commit.c:1155 builtin/tag.c:542
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
 msgstr "Ungültiger \"cleanup\" Modus %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1218
+#: builtin/commit.c:1160
 msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
-msgstr "Die Option -a kann nur mit der Angabe von Pfaden verwendet werden."
+msgstr "Die Option -a kann nicht mit der Angabe von Pfaden verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1328 builtin/commit.c:1608
+#: builtin/commit.c:1278 builtin/commit.c:1443
 msgid "show status concisely"
 msgstr "Status im Kurzformat anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1330 builtin/commit.c:1610
+#: builtin/commit.c:1280 builtin/commit.c:1445
 msgid "show branch information"
 msgstr "Branchinformationen anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1332 builtin/commit.c:1612 builtin/push.c:500
+#: builtin/commit.c:1282
+msgid "show stash information"
+msgstr "Stashinformationen anzeigen"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1284 builtin/commit.c:1447
+msgid "compute full ahead/behind values"
+msgstr "voraus/hinterher-Werte berechnen"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1286
+msgid "version"
+msgstr "Version"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1286 builtin/commit.c:1449 builtin/push.c:542
+#: builtin/worktree.c:541
 msgid "machine-readable output"
 msgstr "maschinenlesbare Ausgabe"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1335 builtin/commit.c:1614
+#: builtin/commit.c:1289 builtin/commit.c:1451
 msgid "show status in long format (default)"
 msgstr "Status im Langformat anzeigen (Standard)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1338 builtin/commit.c:1617
+#: builtin/commit.c:1292 builtin/commit.c:1454
 msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
 msgstr "Einträge mit NUL-Zeichen abschließen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1340 builtin/commit.c:1620 builtin/fast-export.c:980
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:983 builtin/tag.c:603
+#: builtin/commit.c:1294 builtin/commit.c:1298 builtin/commit.c:1457
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:999 builtin/fast-export.c:1002 builtin/tag.c:396
 msgid "mode"
 msgstr "Modus"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1341 builtin/commit.c:1620
+#: builtin/commit.c:1295 builtin/commit.c:1457
 msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
 msgstr ""
 "unversionierte Dateien anzeigen, optionale Modi: all, normal, no. (Standard: "
 "all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1344
-msgid "show ignored files"
-msgstr "ignorierte Dateien anzeigen"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1299
+msgid ""
+"show ignored files, optional modes: traditional, matching, no. (Default: "
+"traditional)"
+msgstr ""
+"ignorierte Dateien anzeigen, optionale Modi: traditional, matching, no. "
+"(Standard: traditional)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1345 parse-options.h:153
+#: builtin/commit.c:1301 parse-options.h:167
 msgid "when"
 msgstr "wann"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1346
+#: builtin/commit.c:1302
 msgid ""
 "ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Default: all)"
@@ -4662,211 +7848,189 @@ msgstr ""
 "Änderungen in Submodulen ignorieren, optional wenn: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Standard: all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1348
+#: builtin/commit.c:1304
 msgid "list untracked files in columns"
 msgstr "unversionierte Dateien in Spalten auflisten"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1435
-msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
-msgstr "Konnte neu erstellten Commit nicht nachschlagen."
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1437
-msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
-msgstr "Konnte neulich erstellten Commit nicht analysieren."
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1482
-msgid "detached HEAD"
-msgstr "losgelöster HEAD"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1485
-msgid " (root-commit)"
-msgstr " (Basis-Commit)"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1323
+msgid "Unsupported combination of ignored and untracked-files arguments"
+msgstr ""
+"Nicht unterstützte Kombination von ignored und untracked-files Argumenten."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1578
+#: builtin/commit.c:1413
 msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
 msgstr "Zusammenfassung nach erfolgreichem Commit unterdrücken"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1579
+#: builtin/commit.c:1414
 msgid "show diff in commit message template"
 msgstr "Unterschiede in Commit-Beschreibungsvorlage anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1581
+#: builtin/commit.c:1416
 msgid "Commit message options"
 msgstr "Optionen für Commit-Beschreibung"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1582 builtin/tag.c:601
+#: builtin/commit.c:1417 builtin/tag.c:393
 msgid "read message from file"
 msgstr "Beschreibung von Datei lesen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1583
+#: builtin/commit.c:1418
 msgid "author"
 msgstr "Autor"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1583
+#: builtin/commit.c:1418
 msgid "override author for commit"
 msgstr "Autor eines Commits überschreiben"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1584 builtin/gc.c:275
+#: builtin/commit.c:1419 builtin/gc.c:359
 msgid "date"
 msgstr "Datum"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1584
+#: builtin/commit.c:1419
 msgid "override date for commit"
 msgstr "Datum eines Commits überschreiben"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1585 builtin/merge.c:218 builtin/notes.c:391
-#: builtin/notes.c:554 builtin/tag.c:599
+#: builtin/commit.c:1420 builtin/merge.c:226 builtin/notes.c:402
+#: builtin/notes.c:565 builtin/tag.c:391
 msgid "message"
 msgstr "Beschreibung"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1585
+#: builtin/commit.c:1420
 msgid "commit message"
 msgstr "Commit-Beschreibung"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1586
+#: builtin/commit.c:1421 builtin/commit.c:1422 builtin/commit.c:1423
+#: builtin/commit.c:1424 parse-options.h:269 ref-filter.h:92
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "Commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1421
 msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
 msgstr "Beschreibung des angegebenen Commits wiederverwenden und editieren"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1587
+#: builtin/commit.c:1422
 msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
 msgstr "Beschreibung des angegebenen Commits wiederverwenden"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1588
+#: builtin/commit.c:1423
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 "eine automatisch zusammengesetzte Beschreibung zum Nachbessern des "
 "angegebenen Commits verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1589
+#: builtin/commit.c:1424
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 "eine automatisch zusammengesetzte Beschreibung beim \"squash\" des "
 "angegebenen Commits verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+#: builtin/commit.c:1425
 msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
 msgstr "Sie als Autor des Commits setzen (verwendet mit -C/-c/--amend)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1591 builtin/log.c:1191 builtin/revert.c:86
+#: builtin/commit.c:1426 builtin/log.c:1446 builtin/merge.c:240
+#: builtin/pull.c:149 builtin/revert.c:105
 msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
 msgstr "'Signed-off-by:'-Zeile hinzufügen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1592
+#: builtin/commit.c:1427
 msgid "use specified template file"
 msgstr "angegebene Vorlagendatei verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1593
+#: builtin/commit.c:1428
 msgid "force edit of commit"
 msgstr "Bearbeitung des Commits erzwingen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1594
+#: builtin/commit.c:1429
 msgid "default"
 msgstr "Standard"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1594 builtin/tag.c:604
+#: builtin/commit.c:1429 builtin/tag.c:397
 msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
 msgstr ""
 "wie Leerzeichen und #Kommentare von der Beschreibung getrennt werden sollen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1595
+#: builtin/commit.c:1430
 msgid "include status in commit message template"
 msgstr "Status in die Commit-Beschreibungsvorlage einfügen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1596 builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/revert.c:92
-#: builtin/tag.c:605
-msgid "key-id"
-msgstr "GPG-Schlüsselkennung"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1597 builtin/merge.c:226 builtin/revert.c:93
+#: builtin/commit.c:1432 builtin/merge.c:238 builtin/pull.c:179
+#: builtin/revert.c:113
 msgid "GPG sign commit"
 msgstr "Commit mit GPG signieren"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1600
+#: builtin/commit.c:1435
 msgid "Commit contents options"
 msgstr "Optionen für Commit-Inhalt"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1601
+#: builtin/commit.c:1436
 msgid "commit all changed files"
 msgstr "alle geänderten Dateien committen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1602
+#: builtin/commit.c:1437
 msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
 msgstr "die angegebenen Dateien zusätzlich zum Commit vormerken"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1603
+#: builtin/commit.c:1438
 msgid "interactively add files"
 msgstr "interaktives Hinzufügen von Dateien"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1604
+#: builtin/commit.c:1439
 msgid "interactively add changes"
 msgstr "interaktives Hinzufügen von Änderungen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1605
+#: builtin/commit.c:1440
 msgid "commit only specified files"
 msgstr "nur die angegebenen Dateien committen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1606
-msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
-msgstr "\"pre-commit hook\" umgehen"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1441
+msgid "bypass pre-commit and commit-msg hooks"
+msgstr "Hooks pre-commit und commit-msg umgehen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1607
+#: builtin/commit.c:1442
 msgid "show what would be committed"
 msgstr "anzeigen, was committet werden würde"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1618
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
 msgid "amend previous commit"
 msgstr "vorherigen Commit ändern"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1619
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456
 msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
 msgstr "\"post-rewrite hook\" umgehen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1624
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461
 msgid "ok to record an empty change"
 msgstr "Aufzeichnung einer leeren Änderung erlauben"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1626
+#: builtin/commit.c:1463
 msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
 msgstr "Aufzeichnung einer Änderung mit einer leeren Beschreibung erlauben"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1655
-msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
-msgstr "Konnte Commit von HEAD nicht analysieren."
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1694 builtin/merge.c:519
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
-msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht zum Lesen öffnen."
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1701
+#: builtin/commit.c:1536
 #, c-format
 msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
 msgstr "Beschädigte MERGE_HEAD-Datei (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1708
+#: builtin/commit.c:1543
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
 msgstr "Konnte MERGE_MODE nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1727
+#: builtin/commit.c:1562
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
 msgstr "Konnte Commit-Beschreibung nicht lesen: %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1738
-#, c-format
-msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
-msgstr "Commit abgebrochen; Sie haben die Beschreibung nicht editiert.\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1743
+#: builtin/commit.c:1573
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
 msgstr "Commit aufgrund leerer Beschreibung abgebrochen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1758 builtin/merge.c:851 builtin/merge.c:876
-msgid "failed to write commit object"
-msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben des Commit-Objektes."
+#: builtin/commit.c:1578
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
+msgstr "Commit abgebrochen; Sie haben die Beschreibung nicht editiert.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1791
+#: builtin/commit.c:1613
 msgid ""
 "Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
 "new_index file. Check that disk is not full and quota is\n"
@@ -4877,211 +8041,243 @@ msgstr ""
 "voll und Ihr Kontingent nicht aufgebraucht ist und führen Sie\n"
 "anschließend \"git reset HEAD\" zu Wiederherstellung aus."
 
-#: builtin/config.c:8
-msgid "git config [options]"
-msgstr "git config [Optionen]"
+#: builtin/config.c:10
+msgid "git config [<options>]"
+msgstr "git config [<Optionen>]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:53
+#: builtin/config.c:58
 msgid "Config file location"
 msgstr "Ort der Konfigurationsdatei"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:54
+#: builtin/config.c:59
 msgid "use global config file"
 msgstr "globale Konfigurationsdatei verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:55
+#: builtin/config.c:60
 msgid "use system config file"
 msgstr "systemweite Konfigurationsdatei verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:56
+#: builtin/config.c:61
 msgid "use repository config file"
 msgstr "Konfigurationsdatei des Repositories verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:57
+#: builtin/config.c:62
 msgid "use given config file"
 msgstr "die angegebene Konfigurationsdatei verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:58
+#: builtin/config.c:63
 msgid "blob-id"
 msgstr "Blob-Id"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:58
+#: builtin/config.c:63
 msgid "read config from given blob object"
 msgstr "Konfiguration von angegebenem Blob-Objekt lesen"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:59
+#: builtin/config.c:64
 msgid "Action"
 msgstr "Aktion"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:60
+#: builtin/config.c:65
 msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "Wert zurückgeben: Name [Wert-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:61
+#: builtin/config.c:66
 msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
 msgstr "alle Werte zurückgeben: Schlüssel [Wert-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:62
+#: builtin/config.c:67
 msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
 msgstr "Werte für den regulären Ausdruck zurückgeben: Name-regex [Wert-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:63
+#: builtin/config.c:68
 msgid "get value specific for the URL: section[.var] URL"
 msgstr "Wert spezifisch für eine URL zurückgeben: section[.var] URL"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:64
+#: builtin/config.c:69
 msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
 msgstr "alle passenden Variablen ersetzen: Name Wert [Wert-regex] "
 
-#: builtin/config.c:65
+#: builtin/config.c:70
 msgid "add a new variable: name value"
 msgstr "neue Variable hinzufügen: Name Wert"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:66
+#: builtin/config.c:71
 msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "eine Variable entfernen: Name [Wert-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:67
+#: builtin/config.c:72
 msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "alle Ãœbereinstimmungen entfernen: Name [Wert-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:68
+#: builtin/config.c:73
 msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
 msgstr "eine Sektion umbenennen: alter-Name neuer-Name"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:69
+#: builtin/config.c:74
 msgid "remove a section: name"
 msgstr "eine Sektion entfernen: Name"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:70
+#: builtin/config.c:75
 msgid "list all"
 msgstr "alles auflisten"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:71
+#: builtin/config.c:76
 msgid "open an editor"
 msgstr "einen Editor öffnen"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:72
+#: builtin/config.c:77
 msgid "find the color configured: slot [default]"
 msgstr "die konfigurierte Farbe finden: Slot [Standard]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:73
+#: builtin/config.c:78
 msgid "find the color setting: slot [stdout-is-tty]"
 msgstr "die Farbeinstellung finden: Slot [Standard-Ausgabe-ist-Terminal]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:74
+#: builtin/config.c:79
 msgid "Type"
 msgstr "Typ"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:75
+#: builtin/config.c:80
 msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
 msgstr "Wert ist \"true\" oder \"false\""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:76
+#: builtin/config.c:81
 msgid "value is decimal number"
 msgstr "Wert ist eine Dezimalzahl"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:77
+#: builtin/config.c:82
 msgid "value is --bool or --int"
 msgstr "Wert ist --bool oder --int"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:78
+#: builtin/config.c:83
 msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
 msgstr "Wert ist ein Pfad (Datei oder Verzeichnisname)"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:79
+#: builtin/config.c:84
+msgid "value is an expiry date"
+msgstr "Wert ist ein Verfallsdatum"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:85
 msgid "Other"
 msgstr "Sonstiges"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:80
+#: builtin/config.c:86
 msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
 msgstr "schließt Werte mit NUL-Byte ab"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:81
+#: builtin/config.c:87
+msgid "show variable names only"
+msgstr "nur Variablennamen anzeigen"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:88
 msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
 msgstr "beachtet \"include\"-Direktiven beim Nachschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:316
+#: builtin/config.c:89
+msgid "show origin of config (file, standard input, blob, command line)"
+msgstr ""
+"Ursprung der Konfiguration anzeigen (Datei, Standard-Eingabe, Blob, "
+"Befehlszeile)"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:335
 msgid "unable to parse default color value"
 msgstr "konnte Standard-Farbwert nicht parsen"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:457
+#: builtin/config.c:479
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "# This is Git's per-user configuration file.\n"
-"[core]\n"
+"[user]\n"
 "# Please adapt and uncomment the following lines:\n"
-"#\tuser = %s\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
 "#\temail = %s\n"
 msgstr ""
-"# Das ist Git's benutzerspezifische Konfiguraionsdatei.\n"
-"[core]\n"
+"# Das ist Git's benutzerspezifische Konfigurationsdatei.\n"
+"[user]\n"
 "# Bitte passen Sie die folgenden Zeilen an und kommentieren Sie diese aus:\n"
-"#\tuser = %s\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
 "#\temail = %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:589
+#: builtin/config.c:507
+msgid "--local can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr "--local kann nur innerhalb eines Git-Repositories verwendet werden."
+
+#: builtin/config.c:632
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot create configuration file %s"
 msgstr "Konnte Konfigurationsdatei '%s' nicht erstellen."
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:55
+#: builtin/config.c:645
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"cannot overwrite multiple values with a single value\n"
+"       Use a regexp, --add or --replace-all to change %s."
+msgstr ""
+"kann nicht mehrere Werte mit einem einzigen Wert überschreiben\n"
+"       Benutzen Sie einen regulären Ausdruck, --add oder --replace, um %s\n"
+"       zu ändern."
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:88
 msgid "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
 msgstr "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:65
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:98
 msgid "print sizes in human readable format"
 msgstr "gibt Größenangaben in menschenlesbaren Format aus"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:17
-msgid "git describe [options] <commit-ish>*"
-msgstr "git describe [Optionen] <commit-ish>*"
+#: builtin/describe.c:22
+msgid "git describe [<options>] [<commit-ish>...]"
+msgstr "git describe [<Optionen>] [<Commit-Angabe>...]"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:23
+msgid "git describe [<options>] --dirty"
+msgstr "git describe [<Optionen>] --dirty"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:18
-msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
-msgstr "git describe [Optionen] --dirty"
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "head"
+msgstr "Branch"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "lightweight"
+msgstr "nicht-annotiert"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:217
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "annotated"
+msgstr "annotiert"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
 msgstr "annotiertes Tag %s ist nicht verfügbar"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:221
+#: builtin/describe.c:271
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
 msgstr "annotiertes Tag %s hat keinen eingebetteten Namen"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:223
+#: builtin/describe.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
 msgstr "Tag '%s' ist eigentlich '%s' hier"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:250 builtin/log.c:452
-#, c-format
-msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
-msgstr "%s ist kein gültiger Objekt-Name"
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:253
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
-msgstr "%s ist kein gültiges '%s' Objekt"
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#: builtin/describe.c:317
 #, c-format
 msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
 msgstr "kein Tag entspricht exakt '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:272
+#: builtin/describe.c:319
 #, c-format
-msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
-msgstr "suche zur Beschreibung von %s\n"
+msgid "No exact match on refs or tags, searching to describe\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Keine exakte Ãœbereinstimmung bei Referenzen oder Tags, Suche zum "
+"Beschreiben\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:319
+#: builtin/describe.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "finished search at %s\n"
 msgstr "beendete Suche bei %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:346
+#: builtin/describe.c:392
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
@@ -5090,7 +8286,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Keine annotierten Tags können '%s' beschreiben.\n"
 "Jedoch gab es nicht-annotierte Tags: versuchen Sie --tags."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:350
+#: builtin/describe.c:396
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
@@ -5099,340 +8295,487 @@ msgstr ""
 "Keine Tags können '%s' beschreiben.\n"
 "Versuchen Sie --always oder erstellen Sie einige Tags."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:371
+#: builtin/describe.c:426
 #, c-format
 msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
 msgstr "%lu Commits durchlaufen\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:374
+#: builtin/describe.c:429
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
 "gave up search at %s\n"
 msgstr ""
-"mehr als %i Tags gefunden; Führe die ersten %i auf\n"
+"mehr als %i Tags gefunden; führe die ersten %i auf\n"
 "Suche bei %s aufgegeben\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:396
+#: builtin/describe.c:497
+#, c-format
+msgid "describe %s\n"
+msgstr "Beschreibe %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:500 builtin/log.c:502
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr "%s ist kein gültiger Objekt-Name"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:508
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is neither a commit nor blob"
+msgstr "%s ist weder ein Commit, noch ein Blob."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:522
 msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
 msgstr "das Tag finden, das nach dem Commit kommt"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:397
+#: builtin/describe.c:523
 msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
 msgstr "die Suchstrategie in der Standard-Fehlerausgabe protokollieren"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:398
+#: builtin/describe.c:524
 msgid "use any ref"
 msgstr "alle Referenzen verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:399
+#: builtin/describe.c:525
 msgid "use any tag, even unannotated"
 msgstr "jedes Tag verwenden, auch nicht-annotierte"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:400
+#: builtin/describe.c:526
 msgid "always use long format"
 msgstr "immer langes Format verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:401
+#: builtin/describe.c:527
 msgid "only follow first parent"
 msgstr "nur erstem Elternteil folgen"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:404
+#: builtin/describe.c:530
 msgid "only output exact matches"
 msgstr "nur exakte Ãœbereinstimmungen ausgeben"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:406
+#: builtin/describe.c:532
 msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
 msgstr "die jüngsten <n> Tags betrachten (Standard: 10)"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:408
+#: builtin/describe.c:534
 msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
 msgstr "nur Tags, die <Muster> entsprechen, betrachten"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:410 builtin/name-rev.c:318
+#: builtin/describe.c:536
+msgid "do not consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "keine Tags betrachten, die <Muster> entsprechen"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:538 builtin/name-rev.c:406
 msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
 msgstr "gekürztes Commit-Objekt anzeigen, wenn sonst nichts zutrifft"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:411
+#: builtin/describe.c:539 builtin/describe.c:542
 msgid "mark"
 msgstr "Kennzeichen"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:412
+#: builtin/describe.c:540
 msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
 msgstr ""
-"<Kennzeichen> bei geändertem Arbeitsverzeichnis hinzufügen (Standard: \"-"
-"dirty\")"
+"<Kennzeichen> bei geändertem Arbeitsverzeichnis anhängen (Standard: \"-dirty"
+"\")"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:543
+msgid "append <mark> on broken working tree (default: \"-broken\")"
+msgstr ""
+"<Kennzeichen> bei defektem Arbeitsverzeichnis anhängen (Standard: \"-broken"
+"\")"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:430
+#: builtin/describe.c:561
 msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
 msgstr "Die Optionen --long und --abbrev=0 sind inkompatibel."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:456
+#: builtin/describe.c:590
 msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
 msgstr "Keine Namen gefunden, kann nichts beschreiben."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:476
+#: builtin/describe.c:640
 msgid "--dirty is incompatible with commit-ishes"
 msgstr "Die Option --dirty kann nicht mit Commits verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:86
+#: builtin/describe.c:642
+msgid "--broken is incompatible with commit-ishes"
+msgstr "Die Option --broken kann nicht mit Commits verwendet werden."
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
-msgstr "'%s': keine reguläre Datei oder symbolischer Verweis"
+msgstr "'%s': keine reguläre Datei oder symbolische Verknüpfung"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:237
+#: builtin/diff.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid option: %s"
 msgstr "Ungültige Option: %s"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:358
+#: builtin/diff.c:356
 msgid "Not a git repository"
 msgstr "Kein Git-Repository"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:401
+#: builtin/diff.c:399
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
 msgstr "Objekt '%s' ist ungültig."
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:410
+#: builtin/diff.c:408
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
 msgstr "Mehr als zwei Blobs angegeben: '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:417
+#: builtin/diff.c:413
 #, c-format
 msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
 msgstr "unbehandeltes Objekt '%s' angegeben"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:24
+#: builtin/difftool.c:29
+msgid "git difftool [<options>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git difftool [<Optionen>] [<Commit> [<Commit>]] [--] [<Pfad>...]"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:259
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed: %d"
+msgstr "fehlgeschlagen: %d"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink %s"
+msgstr "konnte symbolische Verknüpfung %s nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink file %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Datei von symbolischer Verknüpfung '%s' nicht lesen."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:311
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read object %s for symlink %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Objekt '%s' für symbolische Verknüpfung '%s' nicht lesen."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:412
+msgid ""
+"combined diff formats('-c' and '--cc') are not supported in\n"
+"directory diff mode('-d' and '--dir-diff')."
+msgstr ""
+"Kombinierte Diff-Formate('-c' und '--cc') werden im Verzeichnis-\n"
+"Diff-Modus('-d' und '--dir-diff') nicht unterstützt."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "both files modified: '%s' and '%s'."
+msgstr "beide Dateien geändert: '%s' und '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:634
+msgid "working tree file has been left."
+msgstr "Datei im Arbeitsverzeichnis belassen."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:645
+#, c-format
+msgid "temporary files exist in '%s'."
+msgstr "Es existieren temporäre Dateien in '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:646
+msgid "you may want to cleanup or recover these."
+msgstr "Sie könnten diese aufräumen oder wiederherstellen."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:695
+msgid "use `diff.guitool` instead of `diff.tool`"
+msgstr "`diff.guitool` anstatt `diff.tool` benutzen"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:697
+msgid "perform a full-directory diff"
+msgstr "Diff über ganzes Verzeichnis ausführen"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:699
+msgid "do not prompt before launching a diff tool"
+msgstr "keine Eingabeaufforderung vor Ausführung eines Diff-Tools"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:705
+msgid "use symlinks in dir-diff mode"
+msgstr "symbolische Verknüpfungen im dir-diff Modus verwenden"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:706
+msgid "<tool>"
+msgstr "<Tool>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:707
+msgid "use the specified diff tool"
+msgstr "das angegebene Diff-Tool benutzen"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:709
+msgid "print a list of diff tools that may be used with `--tool`"
+msgstr ""
+"eine Liste mit Diff-Tools darstellen, die mit `--tool` benutzt werden können"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:712
+msgid ""
+"make 'git-difftool' exit when an invoked diff tool returns a non - zero exit "
+"code"
+msgstr ""
+"'git-difftool' beenden, wenn das aufgerufene Diff-Tool mit einem "
+"Rückkehrwert\n"
+"verschieden 0 ausgeführt wurde"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:714
+msgid "<command>"
+msgstr "<Programm>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:715
+msgid "specify a custom command for viewing diffs"
+msgstr "eigenen Befehl zur Anzeige von Unterschieden angeben"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:739
+msgid "no <tool> given for --tool=<tool>"
+msgstr "kein <Tool> für --tool=<Tool> angegeben"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:746
+msgid "no <cmd> given for --extcmd=<cmd>"
+msgstr "kein <Programm> für --extcmd=<Programm> angegeben"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:26
 msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 msgstr "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:979
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:998
 msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
 msgstr "Fortschritt nach <n> Objekten anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:981
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1000
 msgid "select handling of signed tags"
 msgstr "Behandlung von signierten Tags wählen"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:984
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1003
 msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
 msgstr "Behandlung von Tags wählen, die gefilterte Objekte markieren"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:987
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1006
 msgid "Dump marks to this file"
 msgstr "Kennzeichen in diese Datei schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:989
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1008
 msgid "Import marks from this file"
 msgstr "Kennzeichen von dieser Datei importieren"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:991
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1010
 msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
 msgstr "künstlich einen Tag-Ersteller erzeugen, wenn das Tag keinen hat"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:993
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1012
 msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
 msgstr "für jeden Commit das gesamte Verzeichnis ausgeben"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:995
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1014
 msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
 msgstr "die \"done\"-Funktion benutzen, um den Datenstrom abzuschließen"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:996
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1015
 msgid "Skip output of blob data"
 msgstr "Ausgabe von Blob-Daten überspringen"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:997
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1016
 msgid "refspec"
 msgstr "Refspec"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:998
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1017
 msgid "Apply refspec to exported refs"
 msgstr "Refspec auf exportierte Referenzen anwenden"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:999
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1018
 msgid "anonymize output"
 msgstr "Ausgabe anonymisieren"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:20
+#: builtin/fetch.c:25
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
 msgstr "git fetch [<Optionen>] [<Repository> [<Refspec>...]]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:21
+#: builtin/fetch.c:26
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
 msgstr "git fetch [<Optionen>] <Gruppe>"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:22
+#: builtin/fetch.c:27
 msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
 msgstr "git fetch --multiple [<Optionen>] [(<Repository> | <Gruppe>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:23
+#: builtin/fetch.c:28
 msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
 msgstr "git fetch --all [<Optionen>]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:90
+#: builtin/fetch.c:124 builtin/pull.c:188
 msgid "fetch from all remotes"
 msgstr "fordert von allen Remote-Repositories an"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:92
+#: builtin/fetch.c:126 builtin/pull.c:191
 msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
 msgstr "an .git/FETCH_HEAD anhängen, anstatt zu überschreiben"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:94
+#: builtin/fetch.c:128 builtin/pull.c:194
 msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
 msgstr "Pfad des Programms zum Hochladen von Paketen auf der Gegenseite"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:95
+#: builtin/fetch.c:129 builtin/pull.c:196
 msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
 msgstr "das Ãœberschreiben von lokalen Branches erzwingen"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:97
+#: builtin/fetch.c:131
 msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
 msgstr "von mehreren Remote-Repositories anfordern"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:99
+#: builtin/fetch.c:133 builtin/pull.c:198
 msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
 msgstr "alle Tags und verbundene Objekte anfordern"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:101
+#: builtin/fetch.c:135
 msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
 msgstr "nicht alle Tags anfordern (--no-tags)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:103
+#: builtin/fetch.c:137
+msgid "number of submodules fetched in parallel"
+msgstr "Anzahl der parallel anzufordernden Submodule"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:139 builtin/pull.c:201
 msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
 msgstr ""
 "Remote-Tracking-Branches entfernen, die sich nicht mehr im Remote-Repository "
 "befinden"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:104
+#: builtin/fetch.c:141
+msgid "prune local tags no longer on remote and clobber changed tags"
+msgstr "lokale Tags entfernen, die sich nicht mehr im Remote-Repository befinden, und geänderte Tags aktualisieren"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:142 builtin/fetch.c:165 builtin/pull.c:126
 msgid "on-demand"
 msgstr "bei-Bedarf"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:105
+#: builtin/fetch.c:143
 msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
 msgstr "rekursive Anforderungen von Submodulen kontrollieren"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:109
+#: builtin/fetch.c:147 builtin/pull.c:209
 msgid "keep downloaded pack"
 msgstr "heruntergeladenes Paket behalten"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:111
+#: builtin/fetch.c:149
 msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
 msgstr "Aktualisierung der \"HEAD\"-Referenz erlauben"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:114
+#: builtin/fetch.c:152 builtin/fetch.c:158 builtin/pull.c:212
 msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
 msgstr ""
 "die Historie eines Klons mit unvollständiger Historie (shallow) vertiefen"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:116
+#: builtin/fetch.c:154
+msgid "deepen history of shallow repository based on time"
+msgstr ""
+"die Historie eines Klons mit unvollständiger Historie (shallow) auf "
+"Zeitbasis\n"
+"vertiefen"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:160 builtin/pull.c:215
 msgid "convert to a complete repository"
 msgstr "zu einem vollständigen Repository konvertieren"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:118 builtin/log.c:1208
+#: builtin/fetch.c:162 builtin/log.c:1466
 msgid "dir"
 msgstr "Verzeichnis"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:119
+#: builtin/fetch.c:163
 msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
 msgstr "dies an die Ausgabe der Submodul-Pfade voranstellen"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:122
-msgid "default mode for recursion"
-msgstr "Standard-Modus für Rekursion"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:166
+msgid ""
+"default for recursive fetching of submodules (lower priority than config "
+"files)"
+msgstr ""
+"Standard für die rekursive Anforderung von Submodulen (geringere Priorität\n"
+"als Konfigurationsdateien)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:124
+#: builtin/fetch.c:170 builtin/pull.c:218
 msgid "accept refs that update .git/shallow"
 msgstr "Referenzen, die .git/shallow aktualisieren, akzeptieren"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:125
+#: builtin/fetch.c:171 builtin/pull.c:220
 msgid "refmap"
 msgstr "Refmap"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:126
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/pull.c:221
 msgid "specify fetch refmap"
 msgstr "Refmap für 'fetch' angeben"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:376
+#: builtin/fetch.c:431
 msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
 msgstr "Konnte Remote-Referenz von HEAD nicht finden."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:454
+#: builtin/fetch.c:549
+#, c-format
+msgid "configuration fetch.output contains invalid value %s"
+msgstr "Konfiguration fetch.output enthält ungültigen Wert %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:642
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s not found"
 msgstr "Objekt %s nicht gefunden"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:459
+#: builtin/fetch.c:646
 msgid "[up to date]"
 msgstr "[aktuell]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:473
-#, c-format
-msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
-msgstr ""
-"! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (kann \"fetch\" im aktuellen Branch nicht ausführen)"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:474 builtin/fetch.c:560
+#: builtin/fetch.c:659 builtin/fetch.c:739
 msgid "[rejected]"
 msgstr "[zurückgewiesen]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:485
+#: builtin/fetch.c:660
+msgid "can't fetch in current branch"
+msgstr "kann \"fetch\" im aktuellen Branch nicht ausführen"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:669
 msgid "[tag update]"
 msgstr "[Tag Aktualisierung]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:487 builtin/fetch.c:522 builtin/fetch.c:540
-msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
-msgstr "  (kann lokale Referenz nicht aktualisieren)"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:670 builtin/fetch.c:703 builtin/fetch.c:719
+#: builtin/fetch.c:734
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr "kann lokale Referenz nicht aktualisieren"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:505
+#: builtin/fetch.c:689
 msgid "[new tag]"
 msgstr "[neues Tag]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:508
+#: builtin/fetch.c:692
 msgid "[new branch]"
 msgstr "[neuer Branch]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:511
+#: builtin/fetch.c:695
 msgid "[new ref]"
 msgstr "[neue Referenz]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:556
-msgid "unable to update local ref"
-msgstr "kann lokale Referenz nicht aktualisieren"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:556
+#: builtin/fetch.c:734
 msgid "forced update"
 msgstr "Aktualisierung erzwungen"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:562
-msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
-msgstr "(kein Vorspulen)"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:595 builtin/fetch.c:828
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
-msgstr "kann %s nicht öffnen: %s\n"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:739
+msgid "non-fast-forward"
+msgstr "kein Vorspulen"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:604
+#: builtin/fetch.c:784
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
 msgstr "%s hat nicht alle erforderlichen Objekte gesendet\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:622
+#: builtin/fetch.c:804
 #, c-format
 msgid "reject %s because shallow roots are not allowed to be updated"
 msgstr ""
-"%s wurde zurückgewiesen, da Ursprungs-Commits von Repositoriesmit "
+"%s wurde zurückgewiesen, da Ursprungs-Commits von Repositories mit "
 "unvollständiger Historie (shallow) nicht aktualisiert werden dürfen."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:710 builtin/fetch.c:793
+#: builtin/fetch.c:892 builtin/fetch.c:988
 #, c-format
 msgid "From %.*s\n"
 msgstr "Von %.*s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:721
+#: builtin/fetch.c:903
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
@@ -5441,57 +8784,59 @@ msgstr ""
 "Einige lokale Referenzen konnten nicht aktualisiert werden; versuchen Sie\n"
 "'git remote prune %s', um jeden älteren, widersprüchlichen Branch zu löschen."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:773
+#: builtin/fetch.c:958
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (%s wird unreferenziert)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:774
+#: builtin/fetch.c:959
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (%s wurde unreferenziert)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:798
+#: builtin/fetch.c:991
 msgid "[deleted]"
 msgstr "[gelöscht]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:799 builtin/remote.c:1060
+#: builtin/fetch.c:992 builtin/remote.c:1024
 msgid "(none)"
 msgstr "(nichts)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:818
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1015
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
 msgstr ""
-"Der \"fetch\" in den aktuellen Branch %s von einem nicht-Bare-Repository "
+"Der \"fetch\" in den aktuellen Branch %s von einem Nicht-Bare-Repository "
 "wurde verweigert."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:837
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1034
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
 msgstr "Option \"%s\" Wert \"%s\" ist nicht gültig für %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:840
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1037
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
 msgstr "Option \"%s\" wird ignoriert für %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:896
-#, c-format
-msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
-msgstr "Weiß nicht wie von %s angefordert wird."
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1058
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1277
 #, c-format
 msgid "Fetching %s\n"
 msgstr "Fordere an von %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1060 builtin/remote.c:90
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1279 builtin/remote.c:97
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not fetch %s"
 msgstr "Konnte nicht von %s anfordern"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1078
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1325 builtin/fetch.c:1498
+msgid ""
+"--filter can only be used with the remote configured in core.partialClone"
+msgstr ""
+"--filter kann nur mit den Remote-Repositories verwendet werden,\n"
+"die in core.partialClone konfiguriert sind."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1350
 msgid ""
 "No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
 "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
@@ -5500,224 +8845,268 @@ msgstr ""
 "oder den Namen des Remote-Repositories an, von welchem neue\n"
 "Commits angefordert werden sollen."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1101
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1394
 msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
 msgstr "Sie müssen den Namen des Tags angeben."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1143
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1439
+msgid "Negative depth in --deepen is not supported"
+msgstr "Negative Tiefe wird von --deepen nicht unterstützt."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1441
+msgid "--deepen and --depth are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "--deepen und --depth schließen sich gegenseitig aus"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1446
 msgid "--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"
 msgstr ""
 "Die Optionen --depth und --unshallow können nicht gemeinsam verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1145
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1448
 msgid "--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"
 msgstr ""
 "Die Option --unshallow kann nicht in einem Repository mit unvollständiger "
 "Historie verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1168
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1464
 msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
 msgstr "fetch --all akzeptiert kein Repository als Argument"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1170
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1466
 msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
 msgstr "fetch --all kann nicht mit Refspecs verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1181
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1475
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
 msgstr "Kein Remote-Repository (einzeln oder Gruppe): %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1189
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1482
 msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
 msgstr ""
 "Das Abholen einer Gruppe von Remote-Repositories kann nicht mit der Angabe\n"
 "von Refspecs verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:13
-msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <file>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <Beschreibung>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <Datei>]"
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <Beschreibung>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file "
+"<Datei>]"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665 builtin/grep.c:698
-#: builtin/merge.c:198 builtin/repack.c:178 builtin/repack.c:182
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:657 builtin/show-ref.c:178 builtin/tag.c:590
-#: parse-options.h:132 parse-options.h:239
-msgid "n"
-msgstr "Anzahl"
-
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:663
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
 msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
 msgstr "Historie mit höchstens <n> Einträgen von \"shortlog\" hinzufügen"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
 msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
 msgstr "Alias für --log (veraltet)"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:672
 msgid "text"
 msgstr "Text"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:670
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:673
 msgid "use <text> as start of message"
 msgstr "<Text> als Beschreibungsanfang verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:671
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:674
 msgid "file to read from"
 msgstr "Datei zum Einlesen"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:676
-msgid "unable to parse format"
-msgstr "Konnte Format nicht parsen."
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:10
+msgid "git for-each-ref [<options>] [<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [<Optionen>] [<Muster>]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:11
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--points-at <object>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--points-at <Objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1064
-msgid "git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]"
-msgstr "git for-each-ref [Optionen] [<Muster>]"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:12
+msgid "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<Commit>]]"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1079
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:13
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--contains [<commit>]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--contains [<Objekt>]] [--no-contains [<Commit>]]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:28
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
 msgstr "Platzhalter als Shell-String formatieren"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1081
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:30
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
 msgstr "Platzhalter als Perl-String formatieren"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1083
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:32
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
 msgstr "Platzhalter als Python-String formatieren"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1085
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:34
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for Tcl"
 msgstr "Platzhalter als Tcl-String formatieren"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1088
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:37
 msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
 msgstr "nur <n> passende Referenzen anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1089 builtin/replace.c:438
-msgid "format"
-msgstr "Format"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:39 builtin/tag.c:420
+msgid "respect format colors"
+msgstr "Formatfarben beachten"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1089
-msgid "format to use for the output"
-msgstr "für die Ausgabe zu verwendendes Format"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:43
+msgid "print only refs which points at the given object"
+msgstr "nur auf dieses Objekt zeigende Referenzen ausgeben"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1090
-msgid "key"
-msgstr "Schüssel"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:45
+msgid "print only refs that are merged"
+msgstr "nur zusammengeführte Referenzen ausgeben"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1091
-msgid "field name to sort on"
-msgstr "sortiere nach diesem Feld"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:46
+msgid "print only refs that are not merged"
+msgstr "nur nicht zusammengeführte Referenzen ausgeben"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:147 builtin/prune.c:136
-msgid "Checking connectivity"
-msgstr "Prüfe Konnektivität"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:47
+msgid "print only refs which contain the commit"
+msgstr "nur Referenzen ausgeben, die diesen Commit enthalten"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:48
+msgid "print only refs which don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "nur Referenzen ausgeben, die diesen Commit nicht enthalten"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:540
+#: builtin/fsck.c:568
 msgid "Checking object directories"
 msgstr "Prüfe Objekt-Verzeichnisse"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:603
-msgid "git fsck [options] [<object>...]"
-msgstr "git fsck [Optionen] [<Objekt>...]"
+#: builtin/fsck.c:660
+msgid "git fsck [<options>] [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git fsck [<Optionen>] [<Objekt>...]"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:609
+#: builtin/fsck.c:666
 msgid "show unreachable objects"
 msgstr "unerreichbare Objekte anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:610
+#: builtin/fsck.c:667
 msgid "show dangling objects"
 msgstr "unreferenzierte Objekte anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:611
+#: builtin/fsck.c:668
 msgid "report tags"
 msgstr "Tags melden"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:612
+#: builtin/fsck.c:669
 msgid "report root nodes"
 msgstr "Hauptwurzeln melden"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:613
+#: builtin/fsck.c:670
 msgid "make index objects head nodes"
-msgstr "Objekte in der Staging-Area prüfen"
+msgstr "Index-Objekte in Erreichbarkeitsprüfung einbeziehen"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:614
+#: builtin/fsck.c:671
 msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
-msgstr "die Reflogs prüfen (Standard)"
+msgstr "Reflogs in Erreichbarkeitsprüfung einbeziehen (Standard)"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:615
+#: builtin/fsck.c:672
 msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
 msgstr "ebenso Pakete und alternative Objekte betrachten"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:616
+#: builtin/fsck.c:673
+msgid "check only connectivity"
+msgstr "nur Konnektivität prüfen"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:674
 msgid "enable more strict checking"
 msgstr "genauere Prüfung aktivieren"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:618
+#: builtin/fsck.c:676
 msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
 msgstr "unreferenzierte Objekte nach .git/lost-found schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:619 builtin/prune.c:108
+#: builtin/fsck.c:677 builtin/prune.c:108
 msgid "show progress"
 msgstr "Fortschrittsanzeige anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:669
+#: builtin/fsck.c:678
+msgid "show verbose names for reachable objects"
+msgstr "ausführliche Namen für erreichbare Objekte anzeigen"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:742
 msgid "Checking objects"
 msgstr "Prüfe Objekte"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:24
-msgid "git gc [options]"
-msgstr "git gc [Optionen]"
+#: builtin/gc.c:27
+msgid "git gc [<options>]"
+msgstr "git gc [<Optionen>]"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:79
+#: builtin/gc.c:80
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid gc.pruneexpire: '%s'"
-msgstr "Ungültiges Wert für \"gc.pruneexpire\": '%s'"
+msgid "Failed to fstat %s: %s"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht lesen: %s"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:107
+#: builtin/gc.c:312
 #, c-format
-msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
-msgstr "zu langes Objekt-Verzeichnis %.*s"
+msgid "Can't stat %s"
+msgstr "Kann '%s' nicht lesen."
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:276
+#: builtin/gc.c:321
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The last gc run reported the following. Please correct the root cause\n"
+"and remove %s.\n"
+"Automatic cleanup will not be performed until the file is removed.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Die letzte Ausführung von \"gc run\" enthielt die folgenden Meldungen.\n"
+"Bitte beheben Sie das Hauptproblem und löschen Sie %s.\n"
+"Ein automatischer Cleanup wird nicht ausgeführt, bis diese Datei entfernt\n"
+"wurde.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:360
 msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
 msgstr "unreferenzierte Objekte entfernen"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:278
+#: builtin/gc.c:362
 msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
 msgstr "mehr Gründlichkeit (erhöht Laufzeit)"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:279
+#: builtin/gc.c:363
 msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
 msgstr "\"auto-gc\" Modus aktivieren"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:280
+#: builtin/gc.c:366
 msgid "force running gc even if there may be another gc running"
 msgstr ""
-"Ausführung von \"git gc\" erwzingen, selbst wenn ein anderes\n"
+"Ausführung von \"git gc\" erzwingen, selbst wenn ein anderes\n"
 "\"git gc\" bereits ausgeführt wird"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:321
+#: builtin/gc.c:384
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to parse gc.logexpiry value %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Parsen des Wertes '%s' von gc.logexpiry"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:412
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto packing the repository in background for optimum performance.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Die Datenbank des Repositories wird für eine optimale Performance im\n"
 "Hintergrund komprimiert.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:323
+#: builtin/gc.c:414
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Die Datenbank des Projektarchivs wird für eine optimale Performance "
 "komprimiert.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:324
+#: builtin/gc.c:415
 #, c-format
 msgid "See \"git help gc\" for manual housekeeping.\n"
 msgstr "Siehe \"git help gc\" für manuelles Aufräumen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:342
+#: builtin/gc.c:440
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "gc is already running on machine '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> (use --force if not)"
@@ -5725,341 +9114,374 @@ msgstr ""
 "\"git gc\" wird bereits auf Maschine '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> ausgeführt\n"
 "(benutzen Sie --force falls nicht)"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:364
+#: builtin/gc.c:487
 msgid ""
 "There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
 msgstr ""
 "Es gibt zu viele unerreichbare lose Objekte; führen Sie 'git prune' aus, um "
 "diese zu löschen."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:23
-msgid "git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
-msgstr "git grep [Optionen] [-e] <Muster> [<Commit>...] [[--] <Pfad>...]"
+#: builtin/grep.c:27
+msgid "git grep [<options>] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git grep [<Optionen>] [-e] <Muster> [<Commit>...] [[--] <Pfad>...]"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:218
+#: builtin/grep.c:225
 #, c-format
 msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
 msgstr "grep: Fehler beim Erzeugen eines Thread: %s"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:441 builtin/grep.c:476
+#: builtin/grep.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d) for %s"
+msgstr "ungültige Anzahl von Threads (%d) für %s angegeben"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s is the configuration
+#. variable for tweaking threads, currently
+#. grep.threads
+#.
+#: builtin/grep.c:292 builtin/index-pack.c:1523 builtin/index-pack.c:1712
+#, c-format
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
+msgstr "keine Unterstützung von Threads, '%s' wird ignoriert"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:460 builtin/grep.c:580 builtin/grep.c:622
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
 msgstr "konnte \"Tree\"-Objekt (%s) nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:491
+#: builtin/grep.c:637
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
 msgstr "kann \"grep\" nicht mit Objekten des Typs %s durchführen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:547
+#: builtin/grep.c:703
 #, c-format
 msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
 msgstr "Schalter '%c' erwartet einen numerischen Wert"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:564
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot open '%s'"
-msgstr "kann '%s' nicht öffnen"
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:638
+#: builtin/grep.c:790
 msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
-msgstr "in der Staging-Area anstatt im Arbeitsverzeichnis suchen"
+msgstr "im Index anstatt im Arbeitsverzeichnis suchen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:640
+#: builtin/grep.c:792
 msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
 msgstr "auch in Inhalten finden, die nicht von Git verwaltet werden"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:642
+#: builtin/grep.c:794
 msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr "in versionierten und unversionierten Dateien suchen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:644
-msgid "search also in ignored files"
-msgstr "auch in ignorierten Dateien suchen"
+#: builtin/grep.c:796
+msgid "ignore files specified via '.gitignore'"
+msgstr "Dateien, die über '.gitignore' angegeben sind, ignorieren"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:647
+#: builtin/grep.c:798
+msgid "recursively search in each submodule"
+msgstr "rekursive Suche in jedem Submodul"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:801
 msgid "show non-matching lines"
 msgstr "Zeilen ohne Ãœbereinstimmungen anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:649
+#: builtin/grep.c:803
 msgid "case insensitive matching"
 msgstr "Übereinstimmungen unabhängig von Groß- und Kleinschreibung finden"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:651
+#: builtin/grep.c:805
 msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
 msgstr "nur ganze Wörter suchen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:653
+#: builtin/grep.c:807
 msgid "process binary files as text"
 msgstr "binäre Dateien als Text verarbeiten"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:655
+#: builtin/grep.c:809
 msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
 msgstr "keine Muster in Binärdateien finden"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:658
+#: builtin/grep.c:812
 msgid "process binary files with textconv filters"
 msgstr "binäre Dateien mit \"textconv\"-Filtern verarbeiten"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:660
+#: builtin/grep.c:814
 msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
 msgstr "höchstens <Tiefe> Ebenen durchlaufen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:664
+#: builtin/grep.c:818
 msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
 msgstr "erweiterte reguläre Ausdrücke aus POSIX verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:667
+#: builtin/grep.c:821
 msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
 msgstr "grundlegende reguläre Ausdrücke aus POSIX verwenden (Standard)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:670
+#: builtin/grep.c:824
 msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
 msgstr "Muster als feste Zeichenketten interpretieren"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:673
+#: builtin/grep.c:827
 msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
 msgstr "Perl-kompatible reguläre Ausdrücke verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:676
+#: builtin/grep.c:830
 msgid "show line numbers"
 msgstr "Zeilennummern anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:677
+#: builtin/grep.c:831
 msgid "don't show filenames"
 msgstr "keine Dateinamen anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:678
+#: builtin/grep.c:832
 msgid "show filenames"
 msgstr "Dateinamen anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:680
+#: builtin/grep.c:834
 msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
 msgstr "Dateinamen relativ zum Projektverzeichnis anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:682
+#: builtin/grep.c:836
 msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
 msgstr "nur Dateinamen anzeigen anstatt übereinstimmende Zeilen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:684
+#: builtin/grep.c:838
 msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
 msgstr "Synonym für --files-with-matches"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:687
+#: builtin/grep.c:841
 msgid "show only the names of files without match"
 msgstr "nur die Dateinamen ohne Ãœbereinstimmungen anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:689
+#: builtin/grep.c:843
 msgid "print NUL after filenames"
 msgstr "NUL-Zeichen nach Dateinamen ausgeben"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:691
+#: builtin/grep.c:846
 msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
 msgstr "anstatt der Zeilen, die Anzahl der übereinstimmenden Zeilen anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:692
+#: builtin/grep.c:847
 msgid "highlight matches"
 msgstr "Ãœbereinstimmungen hervorheben"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:694
+#: builtin/grep.c:849
 msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
 msgstr ""
 "eine Leerzeile zwischen Ãœbereinstimmungen in verschiedenen Dateien ausgeben"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:696
+#: builtin/grep.c:851
 msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
 msgstr ""
 "den Dateinamen nur einmal oberhalb der Ãœbereinstimmungen aus dieser Datei "
 "anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:699
+#: builtin/grep.c:854
 msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
 msgstr "<n> Zeilen vor und nach den Ãœbereinstimmungen anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:702
+#: builtin/grep.c:857
 msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
 msgstr "<n> Zeilen vor den Ãœbereinstimmungen anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:704
+#: builtin/grep.c:859
 msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
 msgstr "<n> Zeilen nach den Ãœbereinstimmungen anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:705
+#: builtin/grep.c:861
+msgid "use <n> worker threads"
+msgstr "<n> Threads benutzen"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:862
 msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
 msgstr "Kurzform für -C NUM"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:708
+#: builtin/grep.c:865
 msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
 msgstr "eine Zeile mit dem Funktionsnamen vor Ãœbereinstimmungen anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:710
+#: builtin/grep.c:867
 msgid "show the surrounding function"
 msgstr "die umgebende Funktion anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:713
+#: builtin/grep.c:870
 msgid "read patterns from file"
 msgstr "Muster von einer Datei lesen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:715
+#: builtin/grep.c:872
 msgid "match <pattern>"
 msgstr "<Muster> finden"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:717
+#: builtin/grep.c:874
 msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
 msgstr "Muster kombinieren, die mit -e angegeben wurden"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:729
+#: builtin/grep.c:886
 msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
 msgstr "Ãœbereinstimmungen nur durch Beendigungsstatus anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:731
+#: builtin/grep.c:888
 msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
 msgstr ""
 "nur Ãœbereinstimmungen von Dateien anzeigen, die allen Mustern entsprechen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:733
+#: builtin/grep.c:890
 msgid "show parse tree for grep expression"
 msgstr "geparstes Verzeichnis für \"grep\"-Ausdruck anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:737
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "pager"
 msgstr "Anzeigeprogramm"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:737
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "show matching files in the pager"
 msgstr "Dateien mit Ãœbereinstimmungen im Anzeigeprogramm anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:740
+#: builtin/grep.c:898
 msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
 msgstr "den Aufruf von grep(1) erlauben (von dieser Programmversion ignoriert)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:741 builtin/show-ref.c:187
-msgid "show usage"
-msgstr "Verwendung anzeigen"
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:808
+#: builtin/grep.c:962
 msgid "no pattern given."
 msgstr "keine Muster angegeben"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:866
+#: builtin/grep.c:994
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs"
+msgstr "--no-index oder --untracked können nicht mit Commits verwendet werden"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to resolve revision: %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Commit nicht auflösen: %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1036 builtin/index-pack.c:1519
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
+msgstr "ungültige Anzahl von Threads angegeben (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1041
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring --threads"
+msgstr "keine Unterstützung von Threads, --threads wird ignoriert"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1065
 msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
 msgstr ""
 "Die Option --open-files-in-pager kann nur innerhalb des "
 "Arbeitsverzeichnisses verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:892
+#: builtin/grep.c:1088
+msgid "option not supported with --recurse-submodules."
+msgstr "Option wird mit --recurse-submodules nicht unterstützt."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1094
 msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
 msgstr ""
 "Die Optionen --cached und --untracked können nicht mit --no-index verwendet "
 "werden."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:897
-msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
-msgstr ""
-"Die Optionen --no-index und --untracked können nicht mit Commits verwendet "
-"werden."
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:900
+#: builtin/grep.c:1100
 msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
 msgstr ""
 "Die Option --[no-]exclude-standard kann nicht mit versionierten Inhalten "
 "verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:908
+#: builtin/grep.c:1108
 msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
 msgstr "Die Option --cached kann nicht mit \"Tree\"-Objekten verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:82
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
 msgid ""
-"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
-"<file>..."
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"[--] <file>..."
 msgstr ""
-"git hash-object [-t <Art>] [-w] [--path=<Datei>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
-"<Datei>..."
+"git hash-object [-t <Art>] [-w] [--path=<Datei> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"[--] <Datei>..."
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
-msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>"
-msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <Liste-von-Pfaden>"
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:84
+msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
+msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:94 builtin/tag.c:610
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
 msgid "type"
 msgstr "Art"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:94
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
 msgid "object type"
 msgstr "Art des Objektes"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:95
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
 msgid "write the object into the object database"
 msgstr "das Objekt in die Objektdatenbank schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
 msgid "read the object from stdin"
 msgstr "das Objekt von der Standard-Eingabe lesen"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
 msgid "store file as is without filters"
 msgstr "Datei wie sie ist speichern, ohne Filter"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:100
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:102
 msgid ""
 "just hash any random garbage to create corrupt objects for debugging Git"
 msgstr ""
 "Hash über zufällige Daten, zur Erzeugung von beschädigten Objekten zur\n"
 "Fehlersuche in Git, erzeugen"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103
 msgid "process file as it were from this path"
 msgstr "Datei verarbeiten, als ob sie von diesem Pfad wäre"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:41
+#: builtin/help.c:43
 msgid "print all available commands"
-msgstr "alle vorhandenen Kommandos anzeigen"
+msgstr "alle vorhandenen Befehle anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:42
+#: builtin/help.c:44
+msgid "exclude guides"
+msgstr "Anleitungen ausschließen"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:45
 msgid "print list of useful guides"
 msgstr "Liste von allgemein verwendeten Anleitungen anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:43
+#: builtin/help.c:46
 msgid "show man page"
 msgstr "Handbuch anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:44
+#: builtin/help.c:47
 msgid "show manual in web browser"
 msgstr "Handbuch in einem Webbrowser anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:46
+#: builtin/help.c:49
 msgid "show info page"
 msgstr "Info-Seite anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:52
-msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
-msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [Kommando]"
+#: builtin/help.c:55
+msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<command>]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<Befehl>]"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:64
+#: builtin/help.c:67
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
 msgstr "nicht erkanntes Hilfeformat: %s"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:91
+#: builtin/help.c:94
 msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
 msgstr "Konnte emacsclient nicht starten."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:104
+#: builtin/help.c:107
 msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
 msgstr "Konnte Version des emacsclient nicht parsen."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:112
+#: builtin/help.c:115
 #, c-format
 msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
 msgstr "Version des emacsclient '%d' ist zu alt (< 22)."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:130 builtin/help.c:158 builtin/help.c:167 builtin/help.c:175
+#: builtin/help.c:133 builtin/help.c:155 builtin/help.c:165 builtin/help.c:173
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
-msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen von '%s': %s"
+msgid "failed to exec '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen von '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:215
+#: builtin/help.c:211
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
@@ -6068,499 +9490,475 @@ msgstr ""
 "'%s': Pfad für nicht unterstützten Handbuchbetrachter.\n"
 "Sie könnten stattdessen 'man.<Werkzeug>.cmd' benutzen."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:227
+#: builtin/help.c:223
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
 "Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."
 msgstr ""
-"'%s': Kommando für unterstützten Handbuchbetrachter.\n"
+"'%s': Programm für unterstützten Handbuchbetrachter.\n"
 "Sie könnten stattdessen 'man.<Werkzeug>.path' benutzen."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:354
+#: builtin/help.c:340
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
 msgstr "'%s': unbekannter Handbuch-Betrachter."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:371
+#: builtin/help.c:357
 msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "kein Handbuch-Betrachter konnte mit dieser Anfrage umgehen"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:379
+#: builtin/help.c:365
 msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "kein Informations-Betrachter konnte mit dieser Anfrage umgehen"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:428
+#: builtin/help.c:407
 msgid "Defining attributes per path"
 msgstr "Definition von Attributen pro Pfad"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:429
+#: builtin/help.c:408
 msgid "Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So"
-msgstr "Tägliche Benutzung von Git mit ungefähr 20 Kommandos"
+msgstr "Tägliche Benutzung von Git mit ungefähr 20 Befehlen"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:430
+#: builtin/help.c:409
 msgid "A Git glossary"
 msgstr "Ein Git-Glossar"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:431
+#: builtin/help.c:410
 msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
 msgstr "Spezifikation von bewusst ignorierten, unversionierten Dateien"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:432
+#: builtin/help.c:411
 msgid "Defining submodule properties"
 msgstr "Definition von Submodul-Eigenschaften"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:433
+#: builtin/help.c:412
 msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
 msgstr "Spezifikation von Commits und Bereichen für Git"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:434
+#: builtin/help.c:413
 msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)"
 msgstr "Eine einführende Anleitung zu Git (für Version 1.5.1 oder neuer)"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:435
+#: builtin/help.c:414
 msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
 msgstr "Eine Übersicht über empfohlene Arbeitsabläufe mit Git"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:447
+#: builtin/help.c:426
 msgid "The common Git guides are:\n"
 msgstr "Die allgemein verwendeten Git-Anleitungen sind:\n"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:468 builtin/help.c:485
+#: builtin/help.c:444
 #, c-format
-msgid "usage: %s%s"
-msgstr "Verwendung: %s%s"
+msgid "'%s' is aliased to '%s'"
+msgstr "Für '%s' wurde der Alias '%s' angelegt."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:501
+#: builtin/help.c:466 builtin/help.c:483
 #, c-format
-msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
-msgstr "für `git %s' wurde der Alias `%s' angelegt"
+msgid "usage: %s%s"
+msgstr "Verwendung: %s%s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:150
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:157
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to open %s"
 msgstr "kann %s nicht öffnen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:200
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:207
 #, c-format
 msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
 msgstr "Objekt-Typen passen bei %s nicht zusammen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:220
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:227
 #, c-format
 msgid "did not receive expected object %s"
 msgstr "konnte erwartetes Objekt %s nicht empfangen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:223
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:230
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s: expected type %s, found %s"
 msgstr "Objekt %s: erwarteter Typ %s, %s gefunden"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:265
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:272
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
 msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
 msgstr[0] "kann %d Byte nicht lesen"
 msgstr[1] "kann %d Bytes nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:275
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:282
 msgid "early EOF"
 msgstr "zu frühes Dateiende"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:276
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:283
 msgid "read error on input"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Lesen der Eingabe"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:288
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:295
 msgid "used more bytes than were available"
 msgstr "verwendete mehr Bytes als verfügbar waren"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:295
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:302
 msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
 msgstr "Paket ist zu groß für die aktuelle Definition von off_t"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:311
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:305 builtin/unpack-objects.c:93
+msgid "pack exceeds maximum allowed size"
+msgstr "Paket überschreitet die maximal erlaubte Größe"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:320
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create '%s'"
 msgstr "konnte '%s' nicht erstellen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:316
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:326
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
 msgstr "Kann Paketdatei '%s' nicht öffnen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:330
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:340
 msgid "pack signature mismatch"
 msgstr "Paketsignatur stimmt nicht überein"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:332
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:342
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
 msgstr "Paketversion %<PRIu32> nicht unterstützt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:350
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:360
 #, c-format
-msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
-msgstr "Paket hat ein ungültiges Objekt bei Versatz %lu: %s"
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
+msgstr "Paket hat ein ungültiges Objekt bei Versatz %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:471
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:481
 #, c-format
 msgid "inflate returned %d"
 msgstr "Dekomprimierung gab %d zurück"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:520
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:530
 msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
 msgstr "Wert für Versatz bei Differenzobjekt übergelaufen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:528
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:538
 msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
 msgstr ""
 "Wert für Versatz bei Differenzobjekt liegt außerhalb des gültigen Bereichs"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:536
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:546
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown object type %d"
 msgstr "Unbekannter Objekt-Typ %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:567
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:577
 msgid "cannot pread pack file"
 msgstr "Kann Paketdatei %s nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:569
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:579
 #, c-format
-msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
-msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
-msgstr[0] "frühzeitiges Ende der Paketdatei, vermisse %lu Byte"
-msgstr[1] "frühzeitiges Ende der Paketdatei, vermisse %lu Bytes"
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] "frühzeitiges Ende der Paketdatei, vermisse %<PRIuMAX> Byte"
+msgstr[1] "frühzeitiges Ende der Paketdatei, vermisse %<PRIuMAX> Bytes"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:595
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:605
 msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
 msgstr "ernsthafte Inkonsistenz nach Dekomprimierung"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:686 builtin/index-pack.c:692 builtin/index-pack.c:715
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:749 builtin/index-pack.c:758
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:750 builtin/index-pack.c:756 builtin/index-pack.c:779
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:818 builtin/index-pack.c:827
 #, c-format
 msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
 msgstr "SHA1 KOLLISION MIT %s GEFUNDEN !"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:689 builtin/pack-objects.c:164
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:256
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:753 builtin/pack-objects.c:182
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:276
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read %s"
 msgstr "kann %s nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:755
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:816
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object info %s"
+msgstr "Kann existierende Informationen zu Objekt %s nicht lesen."
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:824
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
 msgstr "Kann existierendes Objekt %s nicht lesen."
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:769
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:838
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid blob object %s"
 msgstr "ungültiges Blob-Objekt %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:783
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:853
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %s"
 msgstr "Ungültiger Objekt-Typ %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:787
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:856
 msgid "Error in object"
 msgstr "Fehler in Objekt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:789
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:858
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
 msgstr "Nicht alle Kind-Objekte von %s sind erreichbar"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:861 builtin/index-pack.c:890
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:930 builtin/index-pack.c:961
 msgid "failed to apply delta"
 msgstr "Konnte Dateiunterschied nicht anwenden"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1055
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1131
 msgid "Receiving objects"
 msgstr "Empfange Objekte"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1055
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1131
 msgid "Indexing objects"
 msgstr "Indiziere Objekte"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1081
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1165
 msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
 msgstr "Paket ist beschädigt (SHA1 unterschiedlich)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1086
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1170
 msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
 msgstr "kann Paketdatei nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1089
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1173
 msgid "pack has junk at the end"
 msgstr "Paketende enthält nicht verwendbaren Inhalt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1100
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1185
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen von \"parse_pack_objects()\""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1123
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1208
 msgid "Resolving deltas"
 msgstr "Löse Unterschiede auf"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1133
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1219
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
 msgstr "kann Thread nicht erzeugen: %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1175
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1261
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Auflösen der Unterschiede"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1181
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1267
 #, c-format
-msgid "completed with %d local objects"
-msgstr "abgeschlossen mit %d lokalen Objekten"
+msgid "completed with %d local object"
+msgid_plural "completed with %d local objects"
+msgstr[0] "abgeschlossen mit %d lokalem Objekt"
+msgstr[1] "abgeschlossen mit %d lokalen Objekten"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1191
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1279
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
 msgstr "Unerwartete Prüfsumme für %s (Festplattenfehler?)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1195
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1283
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
 msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
 msgstr[0] "Paket hat %d unaufgelöste Unterschied"
 msgstr[1] "Paket hat %d unaufgelöste Unterschiede"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1220
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1307
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
 msgstr "Konnte angehängtes Objekt (%d) nicht komprimieren"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1299
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1383
 #, c-format
 msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
 msgstr "lokales Objekt %s ist beschädigt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1323
-msgid "error while closing pack file"
-msgstr "Fehler beim Schließen der Paketdatei"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1397
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr "Name der Paketdatei '%s' endet nicht mit '.pack'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1336
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1422
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
-msgstr "Kann Paketbeschreibungsdatei '%s' nicht schreiben"
+msgid "cannot write %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "Kann %s Datei '%s' nicht schreiben."
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1344
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1430
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
-msgstr "Kann eben erstellte Paketbeschreibungsdatei '%s' nicht schließen"
+msgid "cannot close written %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "Kann eben geschriebene %s Datei '%s' nicht schließen."
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1357
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1454
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Schließen der Paketdatei"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1468
 msgid "cannot store pack file"
 msgstr "Kann Paketdatei nicht speichern"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1368
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1476
 msgid "cannot store index file"
 msgstr "Kann Indexdatei nicht speichern"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1513
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 msgstr "\"pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>\" ist ungültig"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1407
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
-msgstr "ungültige Anzahl von Threads angegeben (%d)"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1411 builtin/index-pack.c:1590
-#, c-format
-msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
-msgstr "keine Unterstützung von Threads, '%s' wird ignoriert"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1469
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1581
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
 msgstr "Kann existierende Paketdatei '%s' nicht öffnen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1471
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1583
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
 msgstr "Kann existierende Indexdatei für Paket '%s' nicht öffnen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1518
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1631
 #, c-format
 msgid "non delta: %d object"
 msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
 msgstr[0] "kein Unterschied: %d Objekt"
 msgstr[1] "kein Unterschied: %d Objekte"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1525
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1638
 #, c-format
 msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
 msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
 msgstr[0] "Länge der Objekt-Liste = %d: %lu Objekt"
 msgstr[1] "Länge der Objekt-Liste = %d: %lu Objekte"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1554
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1675
 msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
-msgstr "Kann nicht zurück zu Arbeitsverzeichnis wechseln"
+msgstr "Kann nicht zurück zum Arbeitsverzeichnis wechseln"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1602 builtin/index-pack.c:1605
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1617 builtin/index-pack.c:1621
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1724 builtin/index-pack.c:1727
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1743 builtin/index-pack.c:1747
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad %s"
 msgstr "%s ist ungültig"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1635
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1763
 msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
 msgstr "Die Option --fix-thin kann nicht ohne --stdin verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1639 builtin/index-pack.c:1648
-#, c-format
-msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
-msgstr "Name der Paketdatei '%s' endet nicht mit '.pack'"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1765
+msgid "--stdin requires a git repository"
+msgstr "--stdin erfordert ein Git-Repository"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1656
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1771
 msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
 msgstr "Die Option --verify wurde ohne Namen der Paketdatei angegeben."
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:35
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
-msgstr "Konnte Gruppenschreibrecht für %s nicht setzen."
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:62
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template name %s"
-msgstr "zu langer Vorlagen-Name %s"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#: builtin/init-db.c:55
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
 msgstr "Kann '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#: builtin/init-db.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
 msgstr "kann Vorlage '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#: builtin/init-db.c:66
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
 msgstr "kann Verzeichnis '%s' nicht öffnen"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#: builtin/init-db.c:77
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
 msgstr "kann Verweis '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:99
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
-msgstr "zu langer symbolischer Verweis %s"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#: builtin/init-db.c:79
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
-msgstr "kann symbolischen Verweis '%s' auf '%s' nicht erstellen"
+msgstr "kann symbolische Verknüpfung '%s' auf '%s' nicht erstellen"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#: builtin/init-db.c:85
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr "kann '%s' nicht nach '%s' kopieren"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#: builtin/init-db.c:89
 #, c-format
 msgid "ignoring template %s"
 msgstr "ignoriere Vorlage %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:136
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template path %s"
-msgstr "zu langer Vorlagen-Pfad %s"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:144
+#: builtin/init-db.c:120
 #, c-format
 msgid "templates not found %s"
 msgstr "keine Vorlagen in '%s' gefunden"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:157
+#: builtin/init-db.c:135
 #, c-format
-msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
-msgstr "kopiere keine Vorlagen mit einer falschen Formatversion %d von '%s'"
+msgid "not copying templates from '%s': %s"
+msgstr "kopiere keine Vorlagen von '%s': %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:197
-#, c-format
-msgid "insane git directory %s"
-msgstr "ungültiges Git-Verzeichnis %s"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:331 builtin/init-db.c:334
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s already exists"
-msgstr "%s existiert bereits"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:363
+#: builtin/init-db.c:328
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
 msgstr "kann nicht mit Dateityp %d umgehen"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:366
+#: builtin/init-db.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
 msgstr "Konnte %s nicht nach %s verschieben"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
-#. existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
-#. "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
-#: builtin/init-db.c:426
+#: builtin/init-db.c:348 builtin/init-db.c:351
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s already exists"
+msgstr "%s existiert bereits"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:404
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
-msgstr "%s%s Git-Repository in %s%s\n"
+msgid "Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Bestehendes verteiltes Git-Repository in %s%s neuinitialisiert\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:427
-msgid "Reinitialized existing"
-msgstr "Reinitialisierte existierendes"
+#: builtin/init-db.c:405
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Bestehendes Git-Repository in %s%s neuinitialisiert\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:427
-msgid "Initialized empty"
-msgstr "Initialisierte leeres"
+#: builtin/init-db.c:409
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Leeres verteiltes Git-Repository in %s%s initialisiert\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:428
-msgid " shared"
-msgstr " gemeinsames"
+#: builtin/init-db.c:410
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Leeres Git-Repository in %s%s initialisiert\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:475
+#: builtin/init-db.c:458
 msgid ""
 "git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--"
-"shared[=<permissions>]] [directory]"
+"shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<Vorlagenverzeichnis>] [--"
-"shared[=<Berechtigungen>]] [Verzeichnis]"
+"shared[=<Berechtigungen>]] [<Verzeichnis>]"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:498
+#: builtin/init-db.c:481
 msgid "permissions"
 msgstr "Berechtigungen"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:499
+#: builtin/init-db.c:482
 msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
 msgstr "angeben, dass das Git-Repository mit mehreren Benutzern geteilt wird"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:501 builtin/prune-packed.c:57 builtin/repack.c:171
-msgid "be quiet"
-msgstr "weniger Ausgaben"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:533 builtin/init-db.c:538
+#: builtin/init-db.c:516 builtin/init-db.c:521
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
 msgstr "kann Verzeichnis %s nicht erstellen"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:542
+#: builtin/init-db.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
 msgstr "kann nicht in Verzeichnis %s wechseln"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:563
+#: builtin/init-db.c:546
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
@@ -6569,305 +9967,420 @@ msgstr ""
 "%s (oder --work-tree=<Verzeichnis>) nicht erlaubt ohne Spezifizierung von %s "
 "(oder --git-dir=<Verzeichnis>)"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:591
+#: builtin/init-db.c:574
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
 msgstr "Kann nicht auf Arbeitsverzeichnis '%s' zugreifen."
 
 #: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git interpret-trailers [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>])...] "
-"[<file>...]"
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"<token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [<file>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git interpret-trailers [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <Token>[(=|:)<Wert>])...] "
-"[<Datei>...]"
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"<Token>[(=|:)<Wert>])...] [<Datei>...]"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:25
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:92
+msgid "edit files in place"
+msgstr "vorhandene Dateien direkt bearbeiten"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:93
 msgid "trim empty trailers"
 msgstr "kürzt leere Anhänge"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:26
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:96
+msgid "where to place the new trailer"
+msgstr "wo der neue Anhang platziert wird"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:98
+msgid "action if trailer already exists"
+msgstr "Aktion, wenn Anhang bereits existiert"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:100
+msgid "action if trailer is missing"
+msgstr "Aktion, wenn Anhang fehlt"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:102
+msgid "output only the trailers"
+msgstr "nur Anhänge ausgeben"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:103
+msgid "do not apply config rules"
+msgstr "Regeln aus Konfiguration nicht anwenden"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:104
+msgid "join whitespace-continued values"
+msgstr "durch Leerzeichen fortgesetzte Werte verbinden"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:105
+msgid "set parsing options"
+msgstr "Optionen für das Parsen setzen"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:107
 msgid "trailer"
 msgstr "Anhang"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:27
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:108
 msgid "trailer(s) to add"
 msgstr "Anhang/Anhänge hinzufügen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:41
-msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:117
+msgid "--trailer with --only-input does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Optionen --trailer und --only-input können nicht gemeinsam verwendet "
+"werden."
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:127
+msgid "no input file given for in-place editing"
+msgstr "keine Datei zur direkten Bearbeitung angegeben"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:48
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
 msgstr "git log [<Optionen>] [<Commitbereich>] [[--] <Pfad>...]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:42
-msgid "git show [options] <object>..."
-msgstr "git show [Optionen] <Objekt>..."
+#: builtin/log.c:49
+msgid "git show [<options>] <object>..."
+msgstr "git show [<Optionen>] <Objekt>..."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:81
+#: builtin/log.c:93
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid --decorate option: %s"
 msgstr "Ungültige Option für --decorate: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:127
+#: builtin/log.c:153
 msgid "suppress diff output"
 msgstr "Ausgabe der Unterschiede unterdrücken"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:128
+#: builtin/log.c:154
 msgid "show source"
 msgstr "Quelle anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:129
+#: builtin/log.c:155
 msgid "Use mail map file"
 msgstr "\"mailmap\"-Datei verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:130
+#: builtin/log.c:157
+msgid "only decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "\"decorate\" nur bei Referenzen anwenden, die <Muster> entsprechen"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:159
+msgid "do not decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "\"decorate\" nicht bei Referenzen anwenden, die <Muster> entsprechen"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:160
 msgid "decorate options"
 msgstr "decorate-Optionen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:133
+#: builtin/log.c:163
 msgid "Process line range n,m in file, counting from 1"
 msgstr "Verarbeitet nur Zeilen im Bereich n,m in der Datei, gezählt von 1"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:229
+#: builtin/log.c:259
 #, c-format
 msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
 msgstr "letzte Ausgabe: %d %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:458
+#: builtin/log.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "git show %s: bad file"
 msgstr "git show %s: ungültige Datei"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:472 builtin/log.c:564
+#: builtin/log.c:525 builtin/log.c:619
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read object %s"
 msgstr "Kann Objekt %s nicht lesen."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:588
+#: builtin/log.c:643
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown type: %d"
 msgstr "Unbekannter Typ: %d"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:689
+#: builtin/log.c:764
 msgid "format.headers without value"
 msgstr "format.headers ohne Wert"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:773
+#: builtin/log.c:865
 msgid "name of output directory is too long"
 msgstr "Name des Ausgabeverzeichnisses ist zu lang."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:789
+#: builtin/log.c:881
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
 msgstr "Kann Patch-Datei %s nicht öffnen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:803
+#: builtin/log.c:898
 msgid "Need exactly one range."
 msgstr "Brauche genau einen Commit-Bereich."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:811
+#: builtin/log.c:908
 msgid "Not a range."
 msgstr "Kein Commit-Bereich."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:919
+#: builtin/log.c:1014
 msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
 msgstr "Anschreiben benötigt E-Mail-Format"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:998
+#: builtin/log.c:1095
 #, c-format
 msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
 msgstr "ungültiges in-reply-to: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1026
-msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
-msgstr "git format-patch [Optionen] [<seit> | <Commitbereich>]"
+#: builtin/log.c:1122
+msgid "git format-patch [<options>] [<since> | <revision-range>]"
+msgstr "git format-patch [<Optionen>] [<seit> | <Commitbereich>]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1071
+#: builtin/log.c:1172
 msgid "Two output directories?"
 msgstr "Zwei Ausgabeverzeichnisse?"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1186
+#: builtin/log.c:1279 builtin/log.c:1932 builtin/log.c:1934 builtin/log.c:1946
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr "Unbekannter Commit %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1289 builtin/notes.c:887 builtin/tag.c:522
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht als gültige Referenz auflösen."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1294
+msgid "Could not find exact merge base."
+msgstr "Konnte keine exakte Merge-Basis finden."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1298
+msgid ""
+"Failed to get upstream, if you want to record base commit automatically,\n"
+"please use git branch --set-upstream-to to track a remote branch.\n"
+"Or you could specify base commit by --base=<base-commit-id> manually."
+msgstr ""
+"Fehler beim Bestimmen des Upstream-Branches. Wenn Sie den Basis-Commit\n"
+"automatisch speichern lassen möchten, benutzen Sie bitte\n"
+"'git branch --set-upstream-to', um einem Remote-Branch zu folgen.\n"
+"Oder geben Sie den Basis-Commit mit '--base=<Basis-Commit-Id>' manuell an."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1318
+msgid "Failed to find exact merge base"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Finden einer exakten Merge-Basis."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1329
+msgid "base commit should be the ancestor of revision list"
+msgstr "Basis-Commit sollte der Vorgänger der Revisionsliste sein."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1333
+msgid "base commit shouldn't be in revision list"
+msgstr "Basis-Commit sollte nicht in der Revisionsliste enthalten sein."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1382
+msgid "cannot get patch id"
+msgstr "kann Patch-Id nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1441
 msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
 msgstr "[PATCH n/m] auch mit einzelnem Patch verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1189
+#: builtin/log.c:1444
 msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
 msgstr "[PATCH] auch mit mehreren Patches verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1193
+#: builtin/log.c:1448
 msgid "print patches to standard out"
 msgstr "Ausgabe der Patches in Standard-Ausgabe"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1195
+#: builtin/log.c:1450
 msgid "generate a cover letter"
 msgstr "ein Deckblatt erzeugen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1197
+#: builtin/log.c:1452
 msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
 msgstr "einfache Nummernfolge für die Namen der Ausgabedateien verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1198
+#: builtin/log.c:1453
 msgid "sfx"
 msgstr "Dateiendung"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1199
+#: builtin/log.c:1454
 msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
 msgstr "<Dateiendung> anstatt '.patch' verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1201
+#: builtin/log.c:1456
 msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
 msgstr "die Nummerierung der Patches bei <n> anstatt bei 1 beginnen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1203
+#: builtin/log.c:1458
 msgid "mark the series as Nth re-roll"
 msgstr "die Serie als n-te Fassung kennzeichnen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1205
+#: builtin/log.c:1460
+msgid "Use [RFC PATCH] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "[RFC PATCH] anstatt [PATCH] verwenden"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1463
 msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
 msgstr "[<Präfix>] anstatt [PATCH] verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1208
+#: builtin/log.c:1466
 msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
 msgstr "erzeugte Dateien in <Verzeichnis> speichern"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1211
+#: builtin/log.c:1469
 msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
 msgstr "[PATCH] nicht entfernen/hinzufügen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1214
+#: builtin/log.c:1472
 msgid "don't output binary diffs"
 msgstr "keine binären Unterschiede ausgeben"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1216
+#: builtin/log.c:1474
+msgid "output all-zero hash in From header"
+msgstr "Hash mit Nullen in \"From\"-Header ausgeben"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1476
 msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
 msgstr ""
 "keine Patches einschließen, die einem Commit im Upstream-Branch entsprechen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1218
+#: builtin/log.c:1478
 msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
 msgstr "Patchformat anstatt des Standards anzeigen (Patch + Zusammenfassung)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1220
+#: builtin/log.c:1480
 msgid "Messaging"
 msgstr "E-Mail-Einstellungen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1221
+#: builtin/log.c:1481
 msgid "header"
 msgstr "Header"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1222
+#: builtin/log.c:1482
 msgid "add email header"
 msgstr "E-Mail-Header hinzufügen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1223 builtin/log.c:1225
+#: builtin/log.c:1483 builtin/log.c:1485
 msgid "email"
 msgstr "E-Mail"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1223
+#: builtin/log.c:1483
 msgid "add To: header"
 msgstr "\"To:\"-Header hinzufügen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1225
+#: builtin/log.c:1485
 msgid "add Cc: header"
 msgstr "\"Cc:\"-Header hinzufügen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1227
+#: builtin/log.c:1487
 msgid "ident"
 msgstr "Ident"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1228
+#: builtin/log.c:1488
 msgid "set From address to <ident> (or committer ident if absent)"
 msgstr ""
 "\"From\"-Adresse auf <Ident> setzen (oder Ident des Commit-Erstellers, wenn "
 "fehlend)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1230
+#: builtin/log.c:1490
 msgid "message-id"
 msgstr "message-id"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1231
+#: builtin/log.c:1491
 msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
 msgstr "aus erster E-Mail eine Antwort zu <message-id> machen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1232 builtin/log.c:1235
+#: builtin/log.c:1492 builtin/log.c:1495
 msgid "boundary"
 msgstr "Grenze"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1233
+#: builtin/log.c:1493
 msgid "attach the patch"
 msgstr "den Patch anhängen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1236
+#: builtin/log.c:1496
 msgid "inline the patch"
 msgstr "den Patch direkt in die Nachricht einfügen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1240
+#: builtin/log.c:1500
 msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
 msgstr "Nachrichtenverkettung aktivieren, Stile: shallow, deep"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1242
+#: builtin/log.c:1502
 msgid "signature"
 msgstr "Signatur"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1243
+#: builtin/log.c:1503
 msgid "add a signature"
 msgstr "eine Signatur hinzufügen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1245
+#: builtin/log.c:1504
+msgid "base-commit"
+msgstr "Basis-Commit"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1505
+msgid "add prerequisite tree info to the patch series"
+msgstr "erforderliche Revisions-Informationen der Patch-Serie hinzufügen"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1507
 msgid "add a signature from a file"
 msgstr "eine Signatur aus einer Datei hinzufügen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1246
+#: builtin/log.c:1508
 msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
 msgstr "keine Dateinamen der Patches anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1320
+#: builtin/log.c:1510
+msgid "show progress while generating patches"
+msgstr "Forschrittsanzeige während der Erzeugung der Patches"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1585
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid ident line: %s"
 msgstr "Ungültige Identifikationszeile: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1335
+#: builtin/log.c:1600
 msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
 msgstr "Die Optionen -n und -k schließen sich gegenseitig aus."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1337
-msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
-msgstr "Die Optionen --subject-prefix und -k schließen sich gegenseitig aus."
+#: builtin/log.c:1602
+msgid "--subject-prefix/--rfc and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "--subject-prefix/--rfc und -k schließen sich gegenseitig aus."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1345
+#: builtin/log.c:1610
 msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
 msgstr "Die Option --name-only kann nicht verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1347
+#: builtin/log.c:1612
 msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
 msgstr "Die Option --name-status kann nicht verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1349
+#: builtin/log.c:1614
 msgid "--check does not make sense"
 msgstr "Die Option --check kann nicht verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1372
+#: builtin/log.c:1646
 msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
 msgstr "Standard-Ausgabe oder Verzeichnis, welches von beidem?"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1374
+#: builtin/log.c:1648
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Verzeichnis '%s' nicht erstellen."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1472
+#: builtin/log.c:1741
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read signature file '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Signatur-Datei '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1535
+#: builtin/log.c:1773
+msgid "Generating patches"
+msgstr "Erzeuge Patches"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1817
 msgid "Failed to create output files"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen der Ausgabedateien."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1583
+#: builtin/log.c:1867
 msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
 msgstr "git cherry [-v] [<Upstream> [<Branch> [<Limit>]]]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1638
+#: builtin/log.c:1921
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
@@ -6875,111 +10388,164 @@ msgstr ""
 "Konnte gefolgten Remote-Branch nicht finden, bitte geben Sie <Upstream> "
 "manuell an.\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1651 builtin/log.c:1653 builtin/log.c:1665
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unknown commit %s"
-msgstr "Unbekannter Commit %s"
-
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:401
-msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git ls-files [Optionen] [<Datei>...]"
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+msgid "git ls-files [<options>] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-files [<Optionen>] [<Datei>...]"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:458
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:517
 msgid "identify the file status with tags"
 msgstr "den Dateistatus mit Tags anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:460
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:519
 msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
 msgstr ""
 "Kleinbuchstaben für Dateien mit 'assume unchanged' Markierung verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:462
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:521
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'fsmonitor clean' files"
+msgstr "Kleinbuchstaben für 'fsmonitor clean' Dateien verwenden"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:523
 msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
 msgstr "zwischengespeicherte Dateien in der Ausgabe anzeigen (Standard)"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:464
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:525
 msgid "show deleted files in the output"
 msgstr "entfernte Dateien in der Ausgabe anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:466
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:527
 msgid "show modified files in the output"
 msgstr "geänderte Dateien in der Ausgabe anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:529
 msgid "show other files in the output"
 msgstr "sonstige Dateien in der Ausgabe anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:470
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:531
 msgid "show ignored files in the output"
 msgstr "ignorierte Dateien in der Ausgabe anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:534
 msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
 msgstr ""
 "Objektnamen von Inhalten, die zum Commit vorgemerkt sind, in der Ausgabe "
 "anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:536
 msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
 msgstr "Dateien im Dateisystem, die gelöscht werden müssen, anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:477
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:538
 msgid "show 'other' directories' names only"
 msgstr "nur Namen von 'sonstigen' Verzeichnissen anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:540
+msgid "show line endings of files"
+msgstr "Zeilenenden von Dateien anzeigen"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:542
 msgid "don't show empty directories"
 msgstr "keine leeren Verzeichnisse anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:483
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:545
 msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
 msgstr "nicht zusammengeführte Dateien in der Ausgabe anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:547
 msgid "show resolve-undo information"
 msgstr "'resolve-undo' Informationen anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:487
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:549
 msgid "skip files matching pattern"
 msgstr "Dateien auslassen, die einem Muster entsprechen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:552
 msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
 msgstr "Muster, gelesen von <Datei>, ausschließen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:493
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:555
 msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
 msgstr "zusätzliche pro-Verzeichnis Auschlussmuster aus <Datei> auslesen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:557
 msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
 msgstr "die standardmäßigen Git-Ausschlüsse hinzufügen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:560
 msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
 msgstr "Ausgabe relativ zum Projektverzeichnis"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:501
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:563
+msgid "recurse through submodules"
+msgstr "Rekursion in Submodulen durchführen"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:565
 msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
-msgstr ""
-"als Fehler behandeln, wenn sich eine <Datei> nicht in der Staging-Area "
-"befindet"
+msgstr "als Fehler behandeln, wenn sich eine <Datei> nicht im Index befindet"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:502
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:566
 msgid "tree-ish"
 msgstr "Commit-Referenz"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:567
 msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
 msgstr ""
 "vorgeben, dass Pfade, die seit <Commit-Referenz> gelöscht wurden, immer noch "
 "vorhanden sind"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:505
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:569
 msgid "show debugging data"
 msgstr "Ausgaben zur Fehlersuche anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-tree.c:28
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:7
+msgid ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<repository> [<refs>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<Programm>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<Repository> [<Referenzen>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:52
+msgid "do not print remote URL"
+msgstr "URL des Remote-Repositories nicht ausgeben"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:53 builtin/ls-remote.c:55
+msgid "exec"
+msgstr "Programm"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:54 builtin/ls-remote.c:56
+msgid "path of git-upload-pack on the remote host"
+msgstr "Pfad zu \"git-upload-pack\" auf der Gegenseite"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:58
+msgid "limit to tags"
+msgstr "auf Tags einschränken"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:59
+msgid "limit to heads"
+msgstr "auf Branches einschränken"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:60
+msgid "do not show peeled tags"
+msgstr "keine Tags anzeigen, die andere Tags enthalten"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:62
+msgid "take url.<base>.insteadOf into account"
+msgstr "url.<Basis>.insteadOf berücksichtigen"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:64
+msgid "exit with exit code 2 if no matching refs are found"
+msgstr ""
+"mit Rückkehrwert 2 beenden, wenn keine übereinstimmenden Referenzen\n"
+"gefunden wurden"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:67
+msgid "show underlying ref in addition to the object pointed by it"
+msgstr "zusätzlich zum Objekt die darauf verweisenden Referenzen anzeigen"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:29
 msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr "git ls-tree [<Optionen>] <Commit-Referenz> [<Pfad>...]"
 
@@ -7017,184 +10583,190 @@ msgstr ""
 "das gesamte Verzeichnis auflisten; nicht nur das aktuelle Verzeichnis "
 "(impliziert --full-name)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:45
-msgid "git merge [options] [<commit>...]"
-msgstr "git merge [Optionen] [<Commit>...]"
+#: builtin/mailsplit.c:241
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty mbox: '%s'"
+msgstr "Leere mbox: '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:46
-msgid "git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
-msgstr "git merge [Optionen] <Beschreibung> HEAD <Commit>"
+#: builtin/merge.c:49
+msgid "git merge [<options>] [<commit>...]"
+msgstr "git merge [<Optionen>] [<Commit>...]"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:47
+#: builtin/merge.c:50
 msgid "git merge --abort"
 msgstr "git merge --abort"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:100
+#: builtin/merge.c:51
+msgid "git merge --continue"
+msgstr "git merge --continue"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:108
 msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
 msgstr "Schalter 'm' erfordert einen Wert."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:137
+#: builtin/merge.c:145
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
 msgstr "Konnte Merge-Strategie '%s' nicht finden.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:138
+#: builtin/merge.c:146
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available strategies are:"
 msgstr "Verfügbare Strategien sind:"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:143
+#: builtin/merge.c:151
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
 msgstr "Verfügbare benutzerdefinierte Strategien sind:"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:193
+#: builtin/merge.c:201 builtin/pull.c:137
 msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
 msgstr "keine Zusammenfassung der Unterschiede am Schluss des Merges anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:196
+#: builtin/merge.c:204 builtin/pull.c:140
 msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
 msgstr "eine Zusammenfassung der Unterschiede am Schluss des Merges anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:197
+#: builtin/merge.c:205 builtin/pull.c:143
 msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
 msgstr "(Synonym für --stat)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:199
+#: builtin/merge.c:207 builtin/pull.c:146
 msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
 msgstr ""
 "(höchstens <n>) Einträge von \"shortlog\" zur Beschreibung des Merge-Commits "
 "hinzufügen"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:202
+#: builtin/merge.c:210 builtin/pull.c:152
 msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
 msgstr "einen einzelnen Commit anstatt eines Merges erzeugen"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:204
+#: builtin/merge.c:212 builtin/pull.c:155
 msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
 msgstr "einen Commit durchführen, wenn der Merge erfolgreich war (Standard)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:206
+#: builtin/merge.c:214 builtin/pull.c:158
 msgid "edit message before committing"
 msgstr "Bearbeitung der Beschreibung vor dem Commit"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:207
+#: builtin/merge.c:215
 msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
 msgstr "Vorspulen erlauben (Standard)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:209
+#: builtin/merge.c:217 builtin/pull.c:164
 msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
 msgstr "abbrechen, wenn kein Vorspulen möglich ist"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:213
-msgid "Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+#: builtin/merge.c:221 builtin/pull.c:167
+msgid "verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
 msgstr "den genannten Commit auf eine gültige GPG-Signatur überprüfen"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:214 builtin/notes.c:753 builtin/revert.c:89
+#: builtin/merge.c:222 builtin/notes.c:777 builtin/pull.c:171
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "strategy"
 msgstr "Strategie"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:215
+#: builtin/merge.c:223 builtin/pull.c:172
 msgid "merge strategy to use"
 msgstr "zu verwendende Merge-Strategie"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:216
+#: builtin/merge.c:224 builtin/pull.c:175
 msgid "option=value"
 msgstr "Option=Wert"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:217
+#: builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/pull.c:176
 msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
 msgstr "Option für ausgewählte Merge-Strategie"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:219
+#: builtin/merge.c:227
 msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
 msgstr ""
 "Commit-Beschreibung zusammenführen (für einen Merge, der kein Vorspulen war)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:223
+#: builtin/merge.c:231
 msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
 msgstr "den sich im Gange befindlichen Merge abbrechen"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:251
+#: builtin/merge.c:233
+msgid "continue the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "den sich im Gange befindlichen Merge fortsetzen"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:235 builtin/pull.c:183
+msgid "allow merging unrelated histories"
+msgstr "erlaube das Zusammenführen von nicht zusammenhängenden Historien"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:241
+msgid "verify commit-msg hook"
+msgstr "commit-msg Hook überprüfen"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:266
 msgid "could not run stash."
 msgstr "Konnte \"stash\" nicht ausführen."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:256
+#: builtin/merge.c:271
 msgid "stash failed"
 msgstr "\"stash\" fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:261
+#: builtin/merge.c:276
 #, c-format
 msgid "not a valid object: %s"
 msgstr "kein gültiges Objekt: %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:280 builtin/merge.c:297
+#: builtin/merge.c:298 builtin/merge.c:315
 msgid "read-tree failed"
 msgstr "read-tree fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:327
+#: builtin/merge.c:345
 msgid " (nothing to squash)"
 msgstr " (nichts zu quetschen)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:340
+#: builtin/merge.c:356
 #, c-format
 msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr "Quetsche Commit -- HEAD wird nicht aktualisiert\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:372
-msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "Schreibe SQUASH_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:374
-msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "Schließe SQUASH_MSG ab"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:397
+#: builtin/merge.c:406
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr "Keine Merge-Commit-Beschreibung -- HEAD wird nicht aktualisiert\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:447
+#: builtin/merge.c:456
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
 msgstr "'%s' zeigt auf keinen Commit"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:559
+#: builtin/merge.c:546
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
 msgstr "Ungültiger branch.%s.mergeoptions String: %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:654
-msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
-msgstr "\"git write-tree\" schlug beim Schreiben eines \"Tree\"-Objektes fehl"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:678
+#: builtin/merge.c:668
 msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
 msgstr "Es wird nur der Merge von zwei Branches behandelt."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:692
+#: builtin/merge.c:682
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
 msgstr "Unbekannte Option für merge-recursive: -X%s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:705
+#: builtin/merge.c:697
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write %s"
 msgstr "konnte %s nicht schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:794
+#: builtin/merge.c:749
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
 msgstr "konnte nicht von '%s' lesen"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:803
+#: builtin/merge.c:758
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Merge wurde nicht committet; benutzen Sie 'git commit', um den Merge "
 "abzuschließen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:809
+#: builtin/merge.c:764
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
@@ -7210,220 +10782,249 @@ msgstr ""
 "Zeilen beginnend mit '%c' werden ignoriert, und eine leere Beschreibung\n"
 "bricht den Commit ab.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:833
+#: builtin/merge.c:800
 msgid "Empty commit message."
 msgstr "Leere Commit-Beschreibung"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:845
+#: builtin/merge.c:820
 #, c-format
 msgid "Wonderful.\n"
 msgstr "Wunderbar.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:900
+#: builtin/merge.c:873
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Automatischer Merge fehlgeschlagen; beheben Sie die Konflikte und committen "
 "Sie dann das Ergebnis.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:916
-#, c-format
-msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
-msgstr "'%s' ist kein Commit"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:957
+#: builtin/merge.c:912
 msgid "No current branch."
 msgstr "Sie befinden sich auf keinem Branch."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:959
+#: builtin/merge.c:914
 msgid "No remote for the current branch."
 msgstr "Kein Remote-Repository für den aktuellen Branch."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:961
+#: builtin/merge.c:916
 msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
 msgstr ""
 "Es ist kein Standard-Upstream-Branch für den aktuellen Branch definiert."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:966
+#: builtin/merge.c:921
 #, c-format
 msgid "No remote-tracking branch for %s from %s"
 msgstr "Kein Remote-Tracking-Branch für %s von %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1122
+#: builtin/merge.c:974
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad value '%s' in environment '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehlerhafter Wert '%s' in Umgebungsvariable '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1076
+#, c-format
+msgid "not something we can merge in %s: %s"
+msgstr "nichts was wir in %s zusammenführen können: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1110
+msgid "not something we can merge"
+msgstr "nichts was wir zusammenführen können"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1212
+msgid "--abort expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--abort akzeptiert keine Argumente"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1216
 msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
-msgstr "Es gibt keinen Merge zum Abbrechen (MERGE_HEAD fehlt)"
+msgstr "Es gibt keinen Merge abzubrechen (MERGE_HEAD fehlt)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1228
+msgid "--continue expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--continue erwartet keine Argumente"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1138
+#: builtin/merge.c:1232
+msgid "There is no merge in progress (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "Es ist kein Merge im Gange (MERGE_HEAD fehlt)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1248
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you merge."
 msgstr ""
 "Sie haben Ihren Merge nicht abgeschlossen (MERGE_HEAD existiert).\n"
-"Bitte committen Sie Ihre Änderungen, bevor Sie \"merge\" ausführen."
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1141 git-pull.sh:34
-msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
-msgstr "Sie haben Ihren Merge nicht abgeschlossen (MERGE_HEAD existiert)."
+"Bitte committen Sie Ihre Änderungen, bevor Sie den Merge ausführen."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1145
+#: builtin/merge.c:1255
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you merge."
 msgstr ""
 "Sie haben \"cherry-pick\" nicht abgeschlossen (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD existiert).\n"
-"Bitte committen Sie Ihre Änderungen, bevor Sie \"merge\" ausführen."
+"Bitte committen Sie Ihre Änderungen, bevor Sie den Merge ausführen."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1148
+#: builtin/merge.c:1258
 msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr ""
 "Sie haben \"cherry-pick\" nicht abgeschlossen (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD existiert)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1157
+#: builtin/merge.c:1267
 msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
 msgstr "Sie können --squash nicht mit --no-ff kombinieren."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1166
+#: builtin/merge.c:1275
 msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
 msgstr "Kein Commit angegeben und merge.defaultToUpstream ist nicht gesetzt."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1198
-msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
-msgstr "Kann nur exakt einen Commit in einem leeren Branch zusammenführen."
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1201
+#: builtin/merge.c:1292
 msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
 msgstr ""
 "Bin auf einem Commit, der noch geboren wird; kann \"squash\" nicht ausführen."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1203
+#: builtin/merge.c:1294
 msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
 msgstr ""
 "Nicht vorzuspulender Commit kann nicht in einem leeren Branch verwendet "
 "werden."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1208
+#: builtin/merge.c:1299
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
 msgstr "%s - nichts was wir zusammenführen können"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1259
+#: builtin/merge.c:1301
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr "Kann nur exakt einen Commit in einem leeren Branch zusammenführen."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1335
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, allegedly by %s."
 msgstr ""
 "Commit %s hat eine nicht vertrauenswürdige GPG-Signatur, angeblich von %s."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1262
+#: builtin/merge.c:1338
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has a bad GPG signature allegedly by %s."
 msgstr "Commit %s hat eine ungültige GPG-Signatur, angeblich von %s."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1265
+#: builtin/merge.c:1341
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."
 msgstr "Commit %s hat keine GPG-Signatur."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1268
+#: builtin/merge.c:1344
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"
 msgstr "Commit %s hat eine gültige GPG-Signatur von %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1349
+#: builtin/merge.c:1403
+msgid "refusing to merge unrelated histories"
+msgstr "Verweigere den Merge von nicht zusammenhängenden Historien."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1412
+msgid "Already up to date."
+msgstr "Bereits aktuell."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1422
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
 msgstr "Aktualisiere %s..%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1388
+#: builtin/merge.c:1463
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
-msgstr "Probiere wirklich trivialen \"in-index\"-Merge...\n"
+msgstr "Probiere wirklich trivialen \"in-index\"-Merge ...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1395
+#: builtin/merge.c:1470
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nope.\n"
 msgstr "Nein.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1427
+#: builtin/merge.c:1495
+msgid "Already up to date. Yeeah!"
+msgstr "Bereits aktuell."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1501
 msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
 msgstr "Vorspulen nicht möglich, breche ab."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1450 builtin/merge.c:1529
+#: builtin/merge.c:1524 builtin/merge.c:1603
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
-msgstr "Rücklauf des Verzeichnisses bis zum Ursprung...\n"
+msgstr "Rücklauf des Verzeichnisses bis zum Ursprung ...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1454
+#: builtin/merge.c:1528
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
-msgstr "Probiere Merge-Strategie %s...\n"
+msgstr "Probiere Merge-Strategie %s ...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1520
+#: builtin/merge.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
 msgstr "Keine Merge-Strategie behandelt diesen Merge.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1522
+#: builtin/merge.c:1596
 #, c-format
 msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
 msgstr "Merge mit Strategie %s fehlgeschlagen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1531
+#: builtin/merge.c:1605
 #, c-format
 msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
 msgstr "Benutzen Sie \"%s\", um die Auflösung per Hand vorzubereiten.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1543
+#: builtin/merge.c:1617
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Automatischer Merge abgeschlossen; halte, wie gewünscht, vor dem Commit an\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:29
-msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>..."
-msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] <Commit> <Commit>..."
-
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:30
-msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>..."
-msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <Commit>..."
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] <commit> <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] <Commit> <Commit>..."
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:31
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <Commit>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
 msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
 msgstr "git merge-base --independent <Commit>..."
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
 msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
 msgstr "git merge-base --is-ancestor <Commit> <Commit>"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:34
 msgid "git merge-base --fork-point <ref> [<commit>]"
 msgstr "git merge-base --fork-point <Referenz> [<Commit>]"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:214
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
 msgid "output all common ancestors"
 msgstr "Ausgabe aller gemeinsamen Vorgänger-Commits"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:216
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
 msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
 msgstr "Vorgänger-Commits für einen einzelnen n-Wege-Merge finden"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:218
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:224
 msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
 msgstr "Commits auflisten, die nicht durch Andere erreichbar sind"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:226
 msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
-msgstr "ist der Erste ein Vorgänger-Commit von dem Anderen?"
+msgstr "ist der Erste ein Vorgänger-Commit des Anderen?"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:228
 msgid "find where <commit> forked from reflog of <ref>"
 msgstr "<Commit> finden, von wo Reflog von <Referenz> abgespalten wurde"
 
-#: builtin/merge-file.c:8
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:9
 msgid ""
-"git merge-file [options] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file "
-"file2"
+"git merge-file [<options>] [-L <name1> [-L <orig> [-L <name2>]]] <file1> "
+"<orig-file> <file2>"
 msgstr ""
-"git merge-file [Optionen] [-L Name1 [-L orig [-L Name2]]] Datei1 orig_Datei "
-"Datei2"
+"git merge-file [<Optionen>] [-L <Name1> [-L <orig> [-L <Name2>]]] <Datei1> "
+"<orig-Datei> <Datei2>"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:33
 msgid "send results to standard output"
@@ -7454,384 +11055,422 @@ msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
 msgstr "keine Warnung bei Konflikten"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:45
-msgid "set labels for file1/orig_file/file2"
-msgstr "Beschriftung für Datei1/orig_Datei/Datei2 setzen"
+msgid "set labels for file1/orig-file/file2"
+msgstr "Beschriftung für Datei1/orig-Datei/Datei2 setzen"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:45
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option %s"
+msgstr "unbekannte Option: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:51
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Objekt '%s' nicht parsen."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:55
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d base. Ignoring %s."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d bases. Ignoring %s."
+msgstr[0] "kann nicht mit mehr als %d Merge-Basis umgehen. Ignoriere %s."
+msgstr[1] "kann nicht mit mehr als %d Merge-Basen umgehen. Ignoriere %s."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:63
+msgid "not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "Es wird nur der Merge von zwei Branches behandelt."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:69 builtin/merge-recursive.c:71
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve ref '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Referenz '%s' nicht auflösen"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:64
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merging %s with %s\n"
+msgstr "Führe %s mit %s zusammen\n"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:65
 msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
 msgstr "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:150
+#: builtin/mktree.c:153
 msgid "input is NUL terminated"
 msgstr "Eingabe ist durch NUL-Zeichen abgeschlossen"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:151 builtin/write-tree.c:24
+#: builtin/mktree.c:154 builtin/write-tree.c:25
 msgid "allow missing objects"
 msgstr "fehlende Objekte erlauben"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:152
+#: builtin/mktree.c:155
 msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
 msgstr "die Erstellung von mehr als einem \"Tree\"-Objekt erlauben"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:15
-msgid "git mv [options] <source>... <destination>"
-msgstr "git mv [Optionen] <Quelle>... <Ziel>"
+#: builtin/mv.c:17
+msgid "git mv [<options>] <source>... <destination>"
+msgstr "git mv [<Optionen>] <Quelle>... <Ziel>"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:69
+#: builtin/mv.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "Directory %s is in index and no submodule?"
 msgstr "Verzeichnis %s ist zum Commit vorgemerkt und kein Submodul?"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:71
+#: builtin/mv.c:85 builtin/rm.c:289
 msgid "Please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
 msgstr ""
 "Bitte merken Sie Ihre Änderungen in .gitmodules zum Commit vor oder "
 "benutzen\n"
 "Sie \"stash\", um fortzufahren."
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:89
+#: builtin/mv.c:103
 #, c-format
 msgid "%.*s is in index"
 msgstr "%.*s ist zum Commit vorgemerkt"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:111
+#: builtin/mv.c:125
 msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
 msgstr "Verschieben/Umbenennen erzwingen, auch wenn das Ziel existiert"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:112
+#: builtin/mv.c:127
 msgid "skip move/rename errors"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Verschieben oder Umbenennen überspringen"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:151
+#: builtin/mv.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination '%s' is not a directory"
 msgstr "Ziel '%s' ist kein Verzeichnis"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:162
+#: builtin/mv.c:179
 #, c-format
 msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Prüfe Umbenennung von '%s' nach '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:166
+#: builtin/mv.c:183
 msgid "bad source"
 msgstr "ungültige Quelle"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:169
+#: builtin/mv.c:186
 msgid "can not move directory into itself"
 msgstr "kann Verzeichnis nicht in sich selbst verschieben"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:172
+#: builtin/mv.c:189
 msgid "cannot move directory over file"
 msgstr "kann Verzeichnis nicht über Datei verschieben"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#: builtin/mv.c:198
 msgid "source directory is empty"
 msgstr "Quellverzeichnis ist leer"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:206
+#: builtin/mv.c:223
 msgid "not under version control"
 msgstr "nicht unter Versionskontrolle"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:209
+#: builtin/mv.c:226
 msgid "destination exists"
 msgstr "Ziel existiert bereits"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:217
+#: builtin/mv.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "overwriting '%s'"
 msgstr "überschreibe '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:220
+#: builtin/mv.c:237
 msgid "Cannot overwrite"
 msgstr "Kann nicht überschreiben"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:223
+#: builtin/mv.c:240
 msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
-msgstr "mehrere Quellen für das selbe Ziel"
+msgstr "mehrere Quellen für dasselbe Ziel"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:225
+#: builtin/mv.c:242
 msgid "destination directory does not exist"
 msgstr "Zielverzeichnis existiert nicht"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:232
+#: builtin/mv.c:249
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
 msgstr "%s, Quelle=%s, Ziel=%s"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:253
+#: builtin/mv.c:270
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
 msgstr "Benenne %s nach %s um\n"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:256 builtin/remote.c:728 builtin/repack.c:355
+#: builtin/mv.c:276 builtin/remote.c:712 builtin/repack.c:394
 #, c-format
 msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
 msgstr "Umbenennung von '%s' fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:255
-msgid "git name-rev [options] <commit>..."
-msgstr "git name-rev [Optionen] <Commit>..."
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:338
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git name-rev [<Optionen>] <Commit>..."
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:256
-msgid "git name-rev [options] --all"
-msgstr "git name-rev [Optionen] --all"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:339
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --all"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<Optionen>] --all"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:257
-msgid "git name-rev [options] --stdin"
-msgstr "git name-rev [Optionen] --stdin"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:340
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --stdin"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<Optionen>] --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:309
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:395
 msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
 msgstr "nur Namen anzeigen (keine SHA-1)"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:310
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:396
 msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
 msgstr "nur Tags verwenden, um die Commits zu benennen"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:312
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:398
 msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
-msgstr "nur Referenzen verwenden die <Muster> entsprechen"
+msgstr "nur Referenzen verwenden, die <Muster> entsprechen"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:314
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:400
+msgid "ignore refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "ignoriere Referenzen die <Muster> entsprechen"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:402
 msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
 msgstr "alle Commits auflisten, die von allen Referenzen erreichbar sind"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:315
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:403
 msgid "read from stdin"
 msgstr "von der Standard-Eingabe lesen"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:316
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:404
 msgid "allow to print `undefined` names (default)"
 msgstr "Ausgabe von `undefinierten` Namen erlauben (Standard)"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:322
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:410
 msgid "dereference tags in the input (internal use)"
 msgstr "Tags in der Eingabe dereferenzieren (interne Verwendung)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:24
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:26
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] [list [<object>]]"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] [list [<Objekt>]]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:25
+#: builtin/notes.c:27
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
 "| (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m "
 "<Beschreibung> | -F <Datei> | (-c | -C) <Objekt>] [<Objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:26
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:28
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
 msgstr ""
 "git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] copy [-f] <von-Objekt> <nach-Objekt>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:27
+#: builtin/notes.c:29
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
 "(-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <Beschreibung> "
 "| -F <Datei> | (-c | -C) <Objekt>] [<Objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:28
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:30
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] edit [--allow-empty] [<Objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:29
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:31
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] show [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] show [<Objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:30
+#: builtin/notes.c:32
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>"
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy>] <notes-ref>"
 msgstr ""
-"git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <Strategie> ] <Notiz-"
+"git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <Strategie>] <Notiz-"
 "Referenz>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:31
+#: builtin/notes.c:33
 msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:32
+#: builtin/notes.c:34
 msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:33
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<object>...]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:35
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] remove [<object>...]"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] remove [<Objekt>...]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:34
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] prune [-n | -v]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:36
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] prune [-n] [-v]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] prune [-n] [-v]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:35
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref"
+#: builtin/notes.c:37
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] get-ref"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:40
+#: builtin/notes.c:42
 msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
 msgstr "git notes [list [<Objekt>]]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:45
+#: builtin/notes.c:47
 msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes add [<Optionen>] [<Objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:50
+#: builtin/notes.c:52
 msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
 msgstr "git notes copy [<Optionen>] <von-Objekt> <nach-Objekt>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:51
+#: builtin/notes.c:53
 msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
 msgstr "git notes copy --stdin [<von-Objekt> <nach-Objekt>]..."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:56
+#: builtin/notes.c:58
 msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes append [<Optionen>] [<Objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:61
+#: builtin/notes.c:63
 msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes edit [<Objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:66
+#: builtin/notes.c:68
 msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes show [<Objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:71
-msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes_ref>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:73
+msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes-ref>"
 msgstr "git notes merge [<Optionen>] <Notiz-Referenz>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:72
+#: builtin/notes.c:74
 msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --commit [<Optionen>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:73
+#: builtin/notes.c:75
 msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --abort [<Optionen>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:78
+#: builtin/notes.c:80
 msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes remove [<Objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:83
+#: builtin/notes.c:85
 msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes prune [<Optionen>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:88
+#: builtin/notes.c:90
 msgid "git notes get-ref"
 msgstr "git notes get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:146
+#: builtin/notes.c:95
+msgid "Write/edit the notes for the following object:"
+msgstr "Schreiben/Bearbeiten der Notizen für das folgende Objekt:"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:148
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "konnte 'show' für Objekt '%s' nicht starten"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:150
+#: builtin/notes.c:152
 msgid "could not read 'show' output"
 msgstr "Konnte Ausgabe von 'show' nicht lesen."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:158
+#: builtin/notes.c:160
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "konnte 'show' für Objekt '%s' nicht abschließen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:173 builtin/tag.c:477
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not create file '%s'"
-msgstr "konnte Datei '%s' nicht erstellen"
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:192
-msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+#: builtin/notes.c:195
+msgid "please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
 msgstr ""
-"Bitte liefern Sie den Notiz-Inhalt unter Verwendung der Option -m oder -F."
+"Bitte liefern Sie die Notiz-Inhalte unter Verwendung der Option -m oder -F."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:201
+#: builtin/notes.c:204
 msgid "unable to write note object"
 msgstr "Konnte Notiz-Objekt nicht schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:203
+#: builtin/notes.c:206
 #, c-format
-msgid "The note contents have been left in %s"
-msgstr "Die Notiz-Inhalte wurden in %s belassen"
+msgid "the note contents have been left in %s"
+msgstr "Die Notiz-Inhalte wurden in %s belassen."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:231 builtin/tag.c:693
+#: builtin/notes.c:234 builtin/tag.c:506
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read '%s'"
 msgstr "kann '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:233 builtin/tag.c:696
+#: builtin/notes.c:236 builtin/tag.c:509
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
 msgstr "konnte '%s' nicht öffnen oder lesen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:252 builtin/notes.c:303 builtin/notes.c:305
-#: builtin/notes.c:365 builtin/notes.c:420 builtin/notes.c:506
-#: builtin/notes.c:511 builtin/notes.c:589 builtin/notes.c:652
-#: builtin/notes.c:854 builtin/tag.c:709
+#: builtin/notes.c:255 builtin/notes.c:306 builtin/notes.c:308
+#: builtin/notes.c:376 builtin/notes.c:431 builtin/notes.c:517
+#: builtin/notes.c:522 builtin/notes.c:600 builtin/notes.c:662
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgid "failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
 msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht als gültige Referenz auflösen."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:255
+#: builtin/notes.c:258
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
+msgid "failed to read object '%s'."
 msgstr "Fehler beim Lesen des Objektes '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:259
+#: builtin/notes.c:262
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
+msgid "cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
 msgstr "Kann Notiz-Daten nicht von Nicht-Blob Objekt '%s' lesen."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:299
+#: builtin/notes.c:302
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgid "malformed input line: '%s'."
 msgstr "Fehlerhafte Eingabezeile: '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:314
+#: builtin/notes.c:317
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgid "failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Kopieren der Notizen von '%s' nach '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:358 builtin/notes.c:413 builtin/notes.c:489
-#: builtin/notes.c:501 builtin/notes.c:577 builtin/notes.c:645
-#: builtin/notes.c:919
+#. TRANSLATORS: the first %s will be replaced by a git
+#. notes command: 'add', 'merge', 'remove', etc.
+#.
+#: builtin/notes.c:349
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to %s notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr ""
+"Ausführung von %s auf Notizen in %s (außerhalb von refs/notes/) "
+"zurückgewiesen"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:369 builtin/notes.c:424 builtin/notes.c:500
+#: builtin/notes.c:512 builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:655
+#: builtin/notes.c:805 builtin/notes.c:952 builtin/notes.c:973
 msgid "too many parameters"
 msgstr "zu viele Parameter"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:371 builtin/notes.c:658
+#: builtin/notes.c:382 builtin/notes.c:668
 #, c-format
-msgid "No note found for object %s."
+msgid "no note found for object %s."
 msgstr "Keine Notiz für Objekt %s gefunden."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:392 builtin/notes.c:555
+#: builtin/notes.c:403 builtin/notes.c:566
 msgid "note contents as a string"
 msgstr "Notizinhalte als Zeichenkette"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:395 builtin/notes.c:558
+#: builtin/notes.c:406 builtin/notes.c:569
 msgid "note contents in a file"
 msgstr "Notizinhalte in einer Datei"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:397 builtin/notes.c:400 builtin/notes.c:560
-#: builtin/notes.c:563 builtin/tag.c:628
-msgid "object"
-msgstr "Objekt"
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:398 builtin/notes.c:561
+#: builtin/notes.c:409 builtin/notes.c:572
 msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
 msgstr "Wiederverwendung und Bearbeitung des angegebenen Notiz-Objektes"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:401 builtin/notes.c:564
+#: builtin/notes.c:412 builtin/notes.c:575
 msgid "reuse specified note object"
 msgstr "Wiederverwendung des angegebenen Notiz-Objektes"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:404 builtin/notes.c:567
+#: builtin/notes.c:415 builtin/notes.c:578
 msgid "allow storing empty note"
 msgstr "Speichern leerer Notiz erlauben"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:476
+#: builtin/notes.c:416 builtin/notes.c:487
 msgid "replace existing notes"
 msgstr "existierende Notizen ersetzen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:430
+#: builtin/notes.c:441
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
@@ -7840,31 +11479,31 @@ msgstr ""
 "Konnte Notizen nicht hinzufügen. Existierende Notizen für Objekt %s "
 "gefunden. Verwenden Sie '-f', um die existierenden Notizen zu überschreiben."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:445 builtin/notes.c:524
+#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:535
 #, c-format
 msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
 msgstr "Überschreibe existierende Notizen für Objekt %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:617 builtin/notes.c:859
+#: builtin/notes.c:467 builtin/notes.c:627 builtin/notes.c:892
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
 msgstr "Entferne Notiz für Objekt %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:477
+#: builtin/notes.c:488
 msgid "read objects from stdin"
 msgstr "Objekte von der Standard-Eingabe lesen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:479
+#: builtin/notes.c:490
 msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
 msgstr ""
-"Konfiguration für <Kommando> beim Umschreiben von Versionen laden "
-"(impliziert --stdin)"
+"Konfiguration für <Befehl> zum Umschreiben von Commits laden (impliziert --"
+"stdin)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:497
+#: builtin/notes.c:508
 msgid "too few parameters"
 msgstr "zu wenig Parameter"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:518
+#: builtin/notes.c:529
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
@@ -7873,29 +11512,66 @@ msgstr ""
 "Kann Notizen nicht kopieren. Existierende Notizen für Objekt %s gefunden. "
 "Verwenden Sie '-f', um die existierenden Notizen zu überschreiben."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:530
+#: builtin/notes.c:541
 #, c-format
-msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgid "missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
 msgstr "Keine Notizen für Quell-Objekt %s. Kopie nicht möglich."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:582
+#: builtin/notes.c:593
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
 "Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Die Optionen -m/-F/-c/-C sind für das Unterkommando 'edit' veraltet.\n"
+"Die Optionen -m/-F/-c/-C sind für den Unterbefehl 'edit' veraltet.\n"
 "Bitte benutzen Sie stattdessen 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C'.\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:750
+#: builtin/notes.c:688
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Löschen der Referenz NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:690
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Löschen der Referenz NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:692
+msgid "failed to remove 'git notes merge' worktree"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Löschen des Arbeitsverzeichnisses von 'git notes merge'."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:712
+msgid "failed to read ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Lesen der Referenz NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:714
+msgid "could not find commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "Konnte Commit von NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL nicht finden."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:716
+msgid "could not parse commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "Konnte Commit von NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL nicht parsen."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:729
+msgid "failed to resolve NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Auflösen von NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:732
+msgid "failed to finalize notes merge"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Abschließen der Zusammenführung der Notizen."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown notes merge strategy %s"
+msgstr "unbekannte Merge-Strategie '%s' für Notizen"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:774
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Allgemeine Optionen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:752
+#: builtin/notes.c:776
 msgid "Merge options"
 msgstr "Merge-Optionen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:754
+#: builtin/notes.c:778
 msgid ""
 "resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
 "cat_sort_uniq)"
@@ -7903,251 +11579,307 @@ msgstr ""
 "löst Konflikte bei Notizen mit der angegebenen Strategie auf (manual/ours/"
 "theirs/union/cat_sort_uniq)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:756
+#: builtin/notes.c:780
 msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr "nicht zusammengeführte Notizen eintragen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#: builtin/notes.c:782
 msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr ""
 "Merge von Notizen abschließen, in dem nicht zusammengeführte Notizen "
 "committet werden"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:760
+#: builtin/notes.c:784
 msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
 msgstr "Konfliktauflösung beim Merge von Notizen abbrechen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:762
+#: builtin/notes.c:786
 msgid "abort notes merge"
 msgstr "Merge von Notizen abbrechen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:857
+#: builtin/notes.c:797
+msgid "cannot mix --commit, --abort or -s/--strategy"
+msgstr "Kann --commit, --abort oder -s/--strategy nicht kombinieren."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:802
+msgid "must specify a notes ref to merge"
+msgstr "Sie müssen eine Notiz-Referenz zum Mergen angeben."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:826
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown -s/--strategy: %s"
+msgstr "Unbekannter Wert für -s/--strategy: %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:863
+#, c-format
+msgid "a notes merge into %s is already in-progress at %s"
+msgstr "Ein Merge von Notizen nach %s ist bereits im Gange bei %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to store link to current notes ref (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+"Fehler beim Speichern der Verknüpfung zur aktuellen Notes-Referenz (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:868
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Automatic notes merge failed. Fix conflicts in %s and commit the result with "
+"'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with 'git notes merge --"
+"abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Automatisches Zusammenführen der Notizen fehlgeschlagen. Beheben Sie die\n"
+"Konflikte in %s und committen Sie das Ergebnis mit 'git notes merge --"
+"commit',\n"
+"oder brechen Sie den Merge mit 'git notes merge --abort' ab.\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:890
 #, c-format
 msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
 msgstr "Objekt %s hat keine Notiz\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:869
+#: builtin/notes.c:902
 msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
 msgstr "der Versuch, eine nicht existierende Notiz zu löschen, ist kein Fehler"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:872
+#: builtin/notes.c:905
 msgid "read object names from the standard input"
 msgstr "Objektnamen von der Standard-Eingabe lesen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:953
+#: builtin/notes.c:943 builtin/prune.c:106 builtin/worktree.c:160
+msgid "do not remove, show only"
+msgstr "nicht löschen, nur anzeigen"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:944
+msgid "report pruned notes"
+msgstr "gelöschte Notizen melden"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:986
 msgid "notes-ref"
 msgstr "Notiz-Referenz"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:954
-msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:987
+msgid "use notes from <notes-ref>"
 msgstr "Notizen von <Notiz-Referenz> verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:989 builtin/remote.c:1621
+#: builtin/notes.c:1022
 #, c-format
-msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
-msgstr "Unbekanntes Unterkommando: %s"
+msgid "unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "Unbekannter Unterbefehl: %s"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:28
-msgid "git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:33
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<options>...] [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git pack-objects --stdout [Optionen...] [< Referenzliste | < Objektliste]"
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<Optionen>...] [< <Referenzliste> | < "
+"<Objektliste>]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:29
-msgid "git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:34
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects [<options>...] <base-name> [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git pack-objects [Optionen...] Basis-Name [< Referenzliste | < Objektliste]"
+"git pack-objects [<Optionen>...] <Basis-Name> [< <Referenzliste> | < "
+"<Objektliste>]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:177 builtin/pack-objects.c:180
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:195 builtin/pack-objects.c:198
 #, c-format
 msgid "deflate error (%d)"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Komprimieren (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:773
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:791
+msgid "disabling bitmap writing, packs are split due to pack.packSizeLimit"
+msgstr ""
+"Deaktiviere Schreiben der Bitmap, Pakete wurden durch pack.packSizeLimit\n"
+"aufgetrennt."
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:804
 msgid "Writing objects"
 msgstr "Schreibe Objekte"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1015
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1084
 msgid "disabling bitmap writing, as some objects are not being packed"
 msgstr ""
-"Deaktiviere Schreiben des Bitmap-Index, da einige Objekte nicht in\n"
-"eine Pack-Datei geschrieben wurden"
+"Deaktiviere Schreiben der Bitmap, da einige Objekte nicht in eine Pack-"
+"Datei\n"
+"geschrieben wurden."
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2175
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2454
 msgid "Compressing objects"
 msgstr "Komprimiere Objekte"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2572
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2625
+msgid "invalid value for --missing"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Wert für --missing."
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2928
 #, c-format
 msgid "unsupported index version %s"
-msgstr "Nicht unterstützte Staging-Area-Version %s"
+msgstr "Nicht unterstützte Index-Version %s"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2576
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2932
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad index version '%s'"
-msgstr "Ungültige Staging-Area-Version '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2599
-#, c-format
-msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
-msgstr "Option %s akzeptiert keine negative Form"
-
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2603
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
-msgstr "konnte Wert '%s' für Option %s nicht parsen"
+msgstr "Ungültige Index-Version '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2623
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2962
 msgid "do not show progress meter"
 msgstr "keine Fortschrittsanzeige anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2625
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2964
 msgid "show progress meter"
 msgstr "Fortschrittsanzeige anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2627
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2966
 msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
-msgstr ""
-"Forschrittsanzeige während der Phase des Schreibens der Objekte anzeigen"
+msgstr "Forschrittsanzeige während des Schreibens von Objekten anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2630
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2969
 msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
 msgstr "ähnlich zu --all-progress wenn Fortschrittsanzeige darstellt wird"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2631
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2970
 msgid "version[,offset]"
 msgstr "version[,offset]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2632
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2971
 msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
 msgstr ""
 "die Index-Datei des Paketes in der angegebenen Indexformat-Version schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2635
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2974
 msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
 msgstr "maximale Größe für jede ausgegebene Paketdatei"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2637
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2976
 msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
 msgstr "geliehene Objekte von alternativem Objektspeicher ignorieren"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2639
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2978
 msgid "ignore packed objects"
 msgstr "gepackte Objekte ignorieren"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2641
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2980
 msgid "limit pack window by objects"
 msgstr "Paketfenster durch Objekte begrenzen"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2643
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2982
 msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
 msgstr ""
 "Paketfenster, zusätzlich zur Objektbegrenzung, durch Speicher begrenzen"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2645
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2984
 msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
 msgstr ""
 "maximale Länge der erlaubten Differenzverkettung im resultierenden Paket"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2647
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2986
 msgid "reuse existing deltas"
 msgstr "existierende Unterschiede wiederverwenden"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2649
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2988
 msgid "reuse existing objects"
 msgstr "existierende Objekte wiederverwenden"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2651
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2990
 msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
 msgstr "OFS_DELTA Objekte verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2653
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2992
 msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
 msgstr ""
 "Threads bei der Suche nach den besten Ãœbereinstimmungen bei Unterschieden "
 "verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2655
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2994
 msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
 msgstr "keine leeren Pakete erzeugen"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2657
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2996
 msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
 msgstr "Argumente bezüglich Commits von der Standard-Eingabe lesen"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2659
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2998
 msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
 msgstr "die Objekte zu solchen, die noch nicht gepackt wurden, begrenzen"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2662
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3001
 msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
 msgstr "Objekte einschließen, die von jeder Referenz erreichbar sind"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2665
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3004
 msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
 msgstr ""
 "Objekte einschließen, die von Einträgen des Reflogs referenziert werden"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2668
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3007
 msgid "include objects referred to by the index"
-msgstr "Objekte einschließen, die von der Staging-Area referenziert werden"
+msgstr "Objekte einschließen, die vom Index referenziert werden"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2671
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3010
 msgid "output pack to stdout"
 msgstr "Paket in die Standard-Ausgabe schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2673
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3012
 msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
 msgstr "Tag-Objekte einschließen, die auf gepackte Objekte referenzieren"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2675
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3014
 msgid "keep unreachable objects"
 msgstr "nicht erreichbare Objekte behalten"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2676 parse-options.h:140
-msgid "time"
-msgstr "Zeit"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3016
+msgid "pack loose unreachable objects"
+msgstr "nicht erreichbare lose Objekte packen"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2677
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3018
 msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
 msgstr "nicht erreichbare Objekte entpacken, die neuer als <Zeit> sind"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2680
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3021
 msgid "create thin packs"
 msgstr "dünnere Pakete erzeugen"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2682
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3023
 msgid "create packs suitable for shallow fetches"
 msgstr ""
 "Pakete geeignet für Abholung mit unvollständiger Historie (shallow) erzeugen"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2684
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3025
 msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
 msgstr "Pakete ignorieren, die .keep Dateien haben"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2686
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3027
 msgid "pack compression level"
 msgstr "Komprimierungsgrad für Paketierung"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2688
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3029
 msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
 msgstr "keine künstlichen Vorgänger-Commits (\"grafts\") verbergen"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2690
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3031
 msgid "use a bitmap index if available to speed up counting objects"
 msgstr ""
 "Bitmap-Index (falls verfügbar) zur Optimierung der Objektzählung benutzen"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2692
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3033
 msgid "write a bitmap index together with the pack index"
 msgstr "Bitmap-Index zusammen mit Pack-Index schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2783
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3036
+msgid "handling for missing objects"
+msgstr "Behandlung für fehlende Objekte"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3039
+msgid "do not pack objects in promisor packfiles"
+msgstr "keine Objekte aus Packdateien von partiell geklonten Remote-Repositories packen"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3178
 msgid "Counting objects"
 msgstr "Zähle Objekte"
 
 #: builtin/pack-refs.c:6
-msgid "git pack-refs [options]"
-msgstr "git pack-refs [Optionen]"
+msgid "git pack-refs [<options>]"
+msgstr "git pack-refs [<Optionen>]"
 
 #: builtin/pack-refs.c:14
 msgid "pack everything"
@@ -8157,21 +11889,17 @@ msgstr "alles packen"
 msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
 msgstr "lose Referenzen entfernen (Standard)"
 
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:7
-msgid "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
-msgstr "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:8
+msgid "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
+msgstr "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
 
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:40
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:41
 msgid "Removing duplicate objects"
 msgstr "Lösche doppelte Objekte"
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:12
-msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
-msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <Zeit>] [--] [<head>...]"
-
-#: builtin/prune.c:106
-msgid "do not remove, show only"
-msgstr "nicht löschen, nur anzeigen"
+#: builtin/prune.c:11
+msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
+msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <Zeit>] [--] [<Branch>...]"
 
 #: builtin/prune.c:107
 msgid "report pruned objects"
@@ -8181,19 +11909,217 @@ msgstr "gelöschte Objekte melden"
 msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
 msgstr "Objekte älter als <Zeit> verfallen lassen"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:14
+#: builtin/prune.c:112
+msgid "limit traversal to objects outside promisor packfiles"
+msgstr "Traversierung auf Objekte außerhalb von Packdateien aus partiell geklonten Remote-Repositories einschränken"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:126
+msgid "cannot prune in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "kann \"prune\" in precious-objects Repository nicht ausführen"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:54 builtin/pull.c:56
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Wert für %s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:76
+msgid "git pull [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git pull [<Optionen>] [<Repository> [<Refspec>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:127
+msgid "control for recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr "rekursive Anforderungen von Submodulen kontrollieren"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:131
+msgid "Options related to merging"
+msgstr "Optionen bezogen auf Merge"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:134
+msgid "incorporate changes by rebasing rather than merging"
+msgstr "Integration von Änderungen durch Rebase statt Merge"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:161 builtin/rebase--helper.c:23 builtin/revert.c:121
+msgid "allow fast-forward"
+msgstr "Vorspulen erlauben"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:170
+msgid "automatically stash/stash pop before and after rebase"
+msgstr "automatischer Stash/Stash-Pop vor und nach eines Rebase"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:186
+msgid "Options related to fetching"
+msgstr "Optionen bezogen auf Fetch"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:204
+msgid "number of submodules pulled in parallel"
+msgstr "Anzahl der parallel mit 'pull' zu verarbeitenden Submodule"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:299
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for pull.ff: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Wert für pull.ff: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:415
+msgid ""
+"There is no candidate for rebasing against among the refs that you just "
+"fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Es gibt keinen Kandidaten für Rebase innerhalb der Referenzen, die eben "
+"angefordert wurden."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:417
+msgid ""
+"There are no candidates for merging among the refs that you just fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Es gibt keine Kandidaten für Merge innerhalb der Referenzen, die eben "
+"angefordert wurden."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:418
+msgid ""
+"Generally this means that you provided a wildcard refspec which had no\n"
+"matches on the remote end."
+msgstr ""
+"Im Allgemeinen bedeutet das, dass Sie einen Refspec mit Wildcards angegeben\n"
+"haben, der auf der Gegenseite mit keinen Referenzen übereinstimmt."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:421
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You asked to pull from the remote '%s', but did not specify\n"
+"a branch. Because this is not the default configured remote\n"
+"for your current branch, you must specify a branch on the command line."
+msgstr ""
+"Sie führten \"pull\" von Remote-Repository '%s' aus, ohne einen\n"
+"Branch anzugeben. Da das nicht das konfigurierte Standard-Remote-\n"
+"Repository für den aktuellen Branch ist, müssen Sie einen Branch auf\n"
+"der Befehlszeile angeben."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:426 git-parse-remote.sh:73
+msgid "You are not currently on a branch."
+msgstr "Im Moment auf keinem Branch."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:428 builtin/pull.c:443 git-parse-remote.sh:79
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to rebase against."
+msgstr ""
+"Bitte geben Sie den Branch an, gegen welchen Sie \"rebase\" ausführen "
+"möchten."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:430 builtin/pull.c:445 git-parse-remote.sh:82
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to merge with."
+msgstr "Bitte geben Sie den Branch an, welchen Sie zusammenführen möchten."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:431 builtin/pull.c:446
+msgid "See git-pull(1) for details."
+msgstr "Siehe git-pull(1) für weitere Details."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:433 builtin/pull.c:439 builtin/pull.c:448
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:64
+msgid "<remote>"
+msgstr "<Remote-Repository>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:433 builtin/pull.c:448 builtin/pull.c:453 git-rebase.sh:477
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:65
+msgid "<branch>"
+msgstr "<Branch>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:441 git-parse-remote.sh:75
+msgid "There is no tracking information for the current branch."
+msgstr "Es gibt keine Tracking-Informationen für den aktuellen Branch."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:450 git-parse-remote.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:"
+msgstr ""
+"Wenn Sie Tracking-Informationen für diesen Branch setzen möchten, können "
+"Sie\n"
+"dies tun mit:"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:455
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your configuration specifies to merge with the ref '%s'\n"
+"from the remote, but no such ref was fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Ihre Konfiguration gibt an, den Merge mit Referenz '%s'\n"
+"des Remote-Repositories durchzuführen, aber diese Referenz\n"
+"wurde nicht angefordert."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:819
+msgid "ignoring --verify-signatures for rebase"
+msgstr "Ignoriere --verify-signatures für Rebase"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:867
+msgid "--[no-]autostash option is only valid with --rebase."
+msgstr "--[no-]autostash ist nur mit --rebase zulässig."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:875
+msgid "Updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index."
+msgstr ""
+"Aktualisiere einen ungeborenen Branch mit Änderungen, die zum Commit "
+"vorgemerkt sind."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:878
+msgid "pull with rebase"
+msgstr "Pull mit Rebase"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:879
+msgid "please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "Bitte committen Sie die Änderungen oder benutzen Sie \"stash\"."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:904
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"commit %s."
+msgstr ""
+"\"fetch\" aktualisierte die Spitze des aktuellen Branches.\n"
+"Spule Ihr Arbeitsverzeichnis von Commit %s vor."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:909
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot fast-forward your working tree.\n"
+"After making sure that you saved anything precious from\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"output, run\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"to recover."
+msgstr ""
+"Kann Arbeitsverzeichnis nicht vorspulen.\n"
+"Nachdem Sie sichergestellt haben, alles Schützenswerte der Ausgabe von\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"gespeichert zu haben. Führen Sie\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"zur Wiederherstellung aus."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:924
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head."
+msgstr "Kann nicht mehrere Branches in einen leeren Branch zusammenführen."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:928
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches."
+msgstr "Kann Rebase nicht auf mehrere Branches ausführen."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:935
+msgid "cannot rebase with locally recorded submodule modifications"
+msgstr ""
+"Kann Rebase nicht mit lokal aufgezeichneten Änderungen in Submodulen "
+"ausführen."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:17
 msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
 msgstr "git push [<Optionen>] [<Repository> [<Refspec>...]]"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:85
+#: builtin/push.c:92
 msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
 msgstr "Kurzschrift für Tag ohne <Tag>"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:95
+#: builtin/push.c:102
 msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
 msgstr "Die Option --delete akzeptiert nur reine Referenznamen als Ziel."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:139
+#: builtin/push.c:146
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
@@ -8202,7 +12128,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Um eine Variante permanent zu verwenden, siehe push.default in 'git help "
 "config'."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:142
+#: builtin/push.c:149
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
@@ -8222,13 +12148,13 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
 "\n"
-"Um auf den Branch mit dem selben Namen im Remote-Repository zu versenden,\n"
+"Um auf den Branch mit demselben Namen im Remote-Repository zu versenden,\n"
 "benutzen Sie:\n"
 "\n"
 "    git push %s %s\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:157
+#: builtin/push.c:164
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are not currently on a branch.\n"
@@ -8243,7 +12169,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push %s HEAD:<Name-des-Remote-Branches>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:171
+#: builtin/push.c:178
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
@@ -8257,13 +12183,13 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:179
+#: builtin/push.c:186
 #, c-format
 msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
 msgstr ""
 "Der aktuelle Branch %s hat mehrere Upstream-Branches, \"push\" verweigert."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:182
+#: builtin/push.c:189
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
@@ -8274,65 +12200,14 @@ msgstr ""
 "Branches '%s' ist, ohne anzugeben, was versendet werden soll, um welchen\n"
 "Remote-Branch zu aktualisieren."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:205
-msgid ""
-"push.default is unset; its implicit value has changed in\n"
-"Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
-"and maintain the traditional behavior, use:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-"\n"
-"To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-"\n"
-"When push.default is set to 'matching', git will push local branches\n"
-"to the remote branches that already exist with the same name.\n"
-"\n"
-"Since Git 2.0, Git defaults to the more conservative 'simple'\n"
-"behavior, which only pushes the current branch to the corresponding\n"
-"remote branch that 'git pull' uses to update the current branch.\n"
-"\n"
-"See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
-"information.\n"
-"(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
-"'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
-msgstr ""
-"'push.default' ist nicht gesetzt; der implizit gesetzte Wert\n"
-"wurde in Git 2.0 von 'matching' nach 'simple' geändert. Um diese Meldung zu\n"
-"unterdrücken und das aktuelle Verhalten nach Änderung des Standardwertes\n"
-"beizubehalten, benutzen Sie:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-"\n"
-"Um diese Meldung zu unterdrücken und das neue Verhalten jetzt zu übernehmen, "
-"benutzen Sie:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-"\n"
-"Wenn 'push.default' auf den Wert 'matching' gesetzt ist, werden lokale\n"
-"Branches zu den Remote-Branches mit den selben Namen versendet.\n"
-"\n"
-"In Git 2.0 wurde das Standardverhalten zu 'simple' geändert. Hierbei wird\n"
-"der aktuelle Branch zu dem entsprechenden Remote-Branch versendet, den\n"
-"'git pull' zur Aktualisierung des aktuellen Branches verwendet.\n"
-"\n"
-"Führen Sie 'git help config' aus und suchen Sie nach 'push.default' für\n"
-"weitere Informationen.\n"
-"(Der Modus 'simple' wurde in Git 1.7.11 eingeführt. Benutzen Sie den "
-"ähnlichen\n"
-"Modus 'current' anstatt 'simple', falls Sie gelegentlich ältere Versionen "
-"von\n"
-"Git benutzen.)"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:272
+#: builtin/push.c:248
 msgid ""
 "You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
 msgstr ""
 "Sie haben keine Refspec für \"push\" angegeben, und push.default ist "
 "\"nothing\"."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:279
+#: builtin/push.c:255
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
 "its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.\n"
@@ -8341,12 +12216,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Aktualisierungen wurden zurückgewiesen, weil die Spitze Ihres aktuellen\n"
 "Branches hinter seinem externen Gegenstück zurückgefallen ist. Führen Sie\n"
-"die externen Änderungen zusammen (z.B. 'git pull ...') bevor Sie \"push\"\n"
+"die externen Änderungen zusammen (z. B. 'git pull ...') bevor Sie \"push\"\n"
 "erneut ausführen.\n"
 "Siehe auch die Sektion 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help'\n"
 "für weitere Details."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:285
+#: builtin/push.c:261
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
 "counterpart. Check out this branch and integrate the remote changes\n"
@@ -8356,11 +12231,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "Aktualisierungen wurden zurückgewiesen, weil die Spitze eines versendeten\n"
 "Branches hinter seinem externen Gegenstück zurückgefallen ist. Checken Sie\n"
 "diesen Branch aus und führen Sie die externen Änderungen zusammen\n"
-"(z.B. 'git pull ...') bevor Sie erneut \"push\" ausführen.\n"
+"(z. B. 'git pull ...') bevor Sie erneut \"push\" ausführen.\n"
 "Siehe auch die Sektion 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help'\n"
 "für weitere Details."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:291
+#: builtin/push.c:267
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
 "not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
@@ -8373,19 +12248,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "die lokal nicht vorhanden sind. Das wird üblicherweise durch einen \"push\" "
 "von\n"
 "Commits auf dieselbe Referenz von einem anderen Repository aus verursacht.\n"
-"Vielleicht müssen Sie die externen Änderungen zusammenzuführen (z.B. 'git "
+"Vielleicht müssen Sie die externen Änderungen zusammenführen (z. B. 'git "
 "pull ...')\n"
 "bevor Sie erneut \"push\" ausführen.\n"
 "Siehe auch die Sektion 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help'\n"
 "für weitere Details."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:298
+#: builtin/push.c:274
 msgid "Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote."
 msgstr ""
 "Aktualisierungen wurden zurückgewiesen, weil das Tag bereits\n"
 "im Remote-Repository existiert."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:301
+#: builtin/push.c:277
 msgid ""
 "You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
 "or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
@@ -8395,22 +12270,22 @@ msgstr ""
 "das kein Commit ist, oder es auf ein solches Objekt zeigen lassen, ohne\n"
 "die Option '--force' zu verwenden.\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:360
+#: builtin/push.c:337
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
 msgstr "Versende nach %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:364
+#: builtin/push.c:341
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Versenden einiger Referenzen nach '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:394
+#: builtin/push.c:372
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad repository '%s'"
 msgstr "ungültiges Repository '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:395
+#: builtin/push.c:373
 msgid ""
 "No configured push destination.\n"
 "Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
@@ -8423,7 +12298,7 @@ msgid ""
 "    git push <name>\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Kein Ziel für \"push\" konfiguriert.\n"
-"Entweder spezifizieren Sie die URL von der Kommandozeile oder konfigurieren "
+"Entweder spezifizieren Sie die URL von der Befehlszeile oder konfigurieren "
 "ein Remote-Repository unter Benutzung von\n"
 "\n"
 "    git remote add <Name> <URL>\n"
@@ -8432,271 +12307,396 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push <Name>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:410
+#: builtin/push.c:391
 msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
 msgstr "Die Optionen --all und --tags sind inkompatibel."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:411
+#: builtin/push.c:392
 msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
 msgstr "Die Option --all kann nicht mit Refspecs kombiniert werden."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:416
+#: builtin/push.c:397
 msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
 msgstr "Die Optionen --mirror und --tags sind inkompatibel."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:417
+#: builtin/push.c:398
 msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
 msgstr "Die Option --mirror kann nicht mit Refspecs kombiniert werden."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:422
+#: builtin/push.c:403
 msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
 msgstr "Die Optionen --all und --mirror sind inkompatibel."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:493
+#: builtin/push.c:535
 msgid "repository"
 msgstr "Repository"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:494
+#: builtin/push.c:536 builtin/send-pack.c:163
 msgid "push all refs"
 msgstr "alle Referenzen versenden"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:495
+#: builtin/push.c:537 builtin/send-pack.c:165
 msgid "mirror all refs"
 msgstr "alle Referenzen spiegeln"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:497
+#: builtin/push.c:539
 msgid "delete refs"
 msgstr "Referenzen löschen"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:498
+#: builtin/push.c:540
 msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
 msgstr "Tags versenden (kann nicht mit --all oder --mirror verwendet werden)"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:501
+#: builtin/push.c:543 builtin/send-pack.c:166
 msgid "force updates"
 msgstr "Aktualisierung erzwingen"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:503
+#: builtin/push.c:545 builtin/send-pack.c:180
 msgid "refname>:<expect"
 msgstr "Referenzname>:<Erwartungswert"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:504
+#: builtin/push.c:546 builtin/send-pack.c:181
 msgid "require old value of ref to be at this value"
 msgstr "Referenz muss sich auf dem angegebenen Wert befinden"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:507
+#: builtin/push.c:549
 msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
 msgstr "rekursiven \"push\" von Submodulen steuern"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:509
+#: builtin/push.c:551 builtin/send-pack.c:174
 msgid "use thin pack"
 msgstr "kleinere Pakete verwenden"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:510 builtin/push.c:511
+#: builtin/push.c:552 builtin/push.c:553 builtin/send-pack.c:160
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:161
 msgid "receive pack program"
 msgstr "'receive pack' Programm"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:512
+#: builtin/push.c:554
 msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
 msgstr "Upstream für \"git pull/status\" setzen"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:515
+#: builtin/push.c:557
 msgid "prune locally removed refs"
 msgstr "lokal gelöschte Referenzen entfernen"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:517
+#: builtin/push.c:559
 msgid "bypass pre-push hook"
 msgstr "\"pre-push hook\" umgehen"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:518
+#: builtin/push.c:560
 msgid "push missing but relevant tags"
 msgstr "fehlende, aber relevante Tags versenden"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:520
+#: builtin/push.c:563 builtin/send-pack.c:168
 msgid "GPG sign the push"
 msgstr "signiert \"push\" mit GPG"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:529
+#: builtin/push.c:565 builtin/send-pack.c:175
+msgid "request atomic transaction on remote side"
+msgstr "Referenzen atomar versenden"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:566 builtin/send-pack.c:171
+msgid "server-specific"
+msgstr "serverspezifisch"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:566 builtin/send-pack.c:172
+msgid "option to transmit"
+msgstr "Option übertragen"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:583
 msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
 msgstr "Die Option --delete ist inkompatibel mit --all, --mirror und --tags."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:531
+#: builtin/push.c:585
 msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
 msgstr "Die Option --delete kann nur mit Referenzen verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:37
+#: builtin/push.c:604
+msgid "push options must not have new line characters"
+msgstr "Push-Optionen dürfen keine Zeilenvorschubzeichen haben"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:40
 msgid ""
-"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] "
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>) "
 "[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
 "index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
 msgstr ""
-"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<Präfix>] "
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<Präfix>) "
 "[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
 "index-output=<Datei>] (--empty | <Commit-Referenz1> [<Commit-Referenz2> "
 "[<Commit-Referenz3>]])"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:110
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:121
 msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
-msgstr "resultierende Staging-Area nach <Datei> schreiben"
+msgstr "resultierenden Index nach <Datei> schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:113
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:124
 msgid "only empty the index"
-msgstr "die Staging-Area leeren"
+msgstr "nur den Index leeren"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:115
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:126
 msgid "Merging"
 msgstr "Merge"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:117
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:128
 msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
 msgstr "einen Merge, zusätzlich zum Lesen, ausführen"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:119
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:130
 msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
 msgstr "3-Wege-Merge, wenn kein Merge auf Dateiebene erforderlich ist"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:121
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:132
 msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
 msgstr "3-Wege-Merge bei Vorhandensein von hinzugefügten/entfernten Zeilen"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
 msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
 msgstr "genau wie -m, aber nicht zusammengeführte Einträge verwerfen"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:124
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
 msgid "<subdirectory>/"
 msgstr "<Unterverzeichnis>/"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:125
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:136
 msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
-msgstr "das Verzeichnis in die Staging-Area unter <Unterverzeichnis>/ lesen"
+msgstr "das Verzeichnis in den Index unter <Unterverzeichnis>/ lesen"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:128
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:139
 msgid "update working tree with merge result"
 msgstr "Arbeitsverzeichnis mit dem Ergebnis des Merges aktualisieren"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:130
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:141
 msgid "gitignore"
 msgstr "gitignore"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:131
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:142
 msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
 msgstr "explizit ignorierte Dateien zu überschreiben erlauben"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:145
 msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
 msgstr "das Arbeitsverzeichnis nach dem Merge nicht prüfen"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:146
 msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
-msgstr "weder die Staging-Area, noch das Arbeitsverzeichnis aktualisieren"
+msgstr "weder den Index, noch das Arbeitsverzeichnis aktualisieren"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:137
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:148
 msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
-msgstr "Anwendung des Filters für spärliches Auschecken überspringen"
+msgstr "Anwendung des Filters für partielles Auschecken überspringen"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:139
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:150
 msgid "debug unpack-trees"
-msgstr "Entpacken der Bäume protokollieren"
+msgstr "unpack-trees protokollieren"
 
-#: builtin/reflog.c:499
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
-msgstr "'%s' für '%s' ist kein gültiger Zeitstempel"
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:8
+msgid "git rebase--helper [<options>]"
+msgstr "git rebase--helper [<Optionen>]"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:24
+msgid "keep empty commits"
+msgstr "leere Commits behalten"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:26 builtin/revert.c:123
+msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
+msgstr "Commits mit leerer Beschreibung erlauben"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:27
+msgid "continue rebase"
+msgstr "Rebase fortsetzen"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:29
+msgid "abort rebase"
+msgstr "Rebase abbrechen"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:32
+msgid "make rebase script"
+msgstr "Rebase-Skript erstellen"
 
-#: builtin/reflog.c:615 builtin/reflog.c:620
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:34
+msgid "shorten commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "Commit-IDs in der TODO-Liste verkürzen"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:36
+msgid "expand commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "Commit-IDs in der TODO-Liste erweitern"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:38
+msgid "check the todo list"
+msgstr "die TODO-Liste prüfen"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:40
+msgid "skip unnecessary picks"
+msgstr "nicht erforderliche \"pick\"-Befehle auslassen"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:42
+msgid "rearrange fixup/squash lines"
+msgstr "fixup/squash-Zeilen umordnen"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:44
+msgid "insert exec commands in todo list"
+msgstr "\"exec\"-Befehle in TODO-Liste einfügen"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:30
+msgid "git receive-pack <git-dir>"
+msgstr "git receive-pack <Git-Verzeichnis>"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:841
+msgid ""
+"By default, updating the current branch in a non-bare repository\n"
+"is denied, because it will make the index and work tree inconsistent\n"
+"with what you pushed, and will require 'git reset --hard' to match\n"
+"the work tree to HEAD.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set the 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable\n"
+"to 'ignore' or 'warn' in the remote repository to allow pushing into\n"
+"its current branch; however, this is not recommended unless you\n"
+"arranged to update its work tree to match what you pushed in some\n"
+"other way.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message and still keep the default behaviour, set\n"
+"'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"Standardmäßig wird die Aktualisierung des aktuellen Branches in einem\n"
+"Nicht-Bare-Repository zurückgewiesen, da dies den Index und das Arbeits-\n"
+"verzeichnis inkonsistent zu dem machen würde, was Sie gepushed haben, und\n"
+"'git reset --hard' erforderlich wäre, damit das Arbeitsverzeichnis HEAD\n"
+"entspricht.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sie könnten die Konfigurationsvariable 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' im\n"
+"Remote-Repository auf 'ignore' oder 'warn' setzen, um den Push in den\n"
+"aktuellen Branch zu erlauben; dies wird jedoch nicht empfohlen außer\n"
+"Sie stellen durch andere Wege die Aktualität des Arbeitsverzeichnisses\n"
+"gegenüber dem gepushten Stand sicher.\n"
+"\n"
+"Um diese Meldung zu unterdrücken und das Standardverhalten zu behalten,\n"
+"setzen Sie die Konfigurationsvariable 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' auf\n"
+"'refuse'."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:861
+msgid ""
+"By default, deleting the current branch is denied, because the next\n"
+"'git clone' won't result in any file checked out, causing confusion.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' configuration variable to\n"
+"'warn' or 'ignore' in the remote repository to allow deleting the\n"
+"current branch, with or without a warning message.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message, you can set it to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"Standardmäßig wird das Löschen des aktuellen Branches zurückgewiesen,\n"
+"da beim nächsten 'git clone' keine Dateien ausgecheckt werden würden,\n"
+"was zu Verwunderung führt.\n"
+"\n"
+"Sie können die Konfigurationsvariable 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' im\n"
+"Remote-Repository auf 'warn' oder 'ignore' setzen, um das Löschen des\n"
+"aktuellen Branch mit oder ohne Warnung zu erlauben.\n"
+"\n"
+"Um diese Meldung zu unterdrücken, setzen Sie die Variable auf 'refuse'."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1934
+msgid "quiet"
+msgstr "weniger Ausgaben"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1948
+msgid "You must specify a directory."
+msgstr "Sie müssen ein Repository angeben."
+
+#: builtin/reflog.c:532 builtin/reflog.c:537
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid timestamp"
 msgstr "'%s' ist kein gültiger Zeitstempel"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:12
+#: builtin/remote.c:13
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
 msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:13
+#: builtin/remote.c:14
 msgid ""
-"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
 "mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
 msgstr ""
-"git remote add [-t <Branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"git remote add [-t <Branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
 "mirror=<fetch|push>] <Name> <URL>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:14 builtin/remote.c:33
+#: builtin/remote.c:15 builtin/remote.c:35
 msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
 msgstr "git remote rename <alt> <neu>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:15 builtin/remote.c:38
+#: builtin/remote.c:16 builtin/remote.c:40
 msgid "git remote remove <name>"
 msgstr "git remote remove <Name>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:16
-msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete |<branch>)"
+#: builtin/remote.c:17 builtin/remote.c:45
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
 msgstr "git remote set-head <Name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <Branch>)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:17
+#: builtin/remote.c:18
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <Name>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:18
+#: builtin/remote.c:19
 msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <Name>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:19
+#: builtin/remote.c:20
 msgid ""
 "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
 msgstr ""
 "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<Gruppe> | <Remote>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:20
+#: builtin/remote.c:21
 msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches [--add] <Name> <Branch>..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:21 builtin/remote.c:69
+#: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:71
+msgid "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <Name>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:76
 msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
 msgstr "git remote set-url [--push] <Name> <neueURL> [<alteURL>]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:70
+#: builtin/remote.c:24 builtin/remote.c:77
 msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
 msgstr "git remote set-url --add <Name> <neueURL>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:71
+#: builtin/remote.c:25 builtin/remote.c:78
 msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
 msgstr "git remote set-url --delete <Name> <URL>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:28
+#: builtin/remote.c:30
 msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
 msgstr "git remote add [<Optionen>] <Name> <URL>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:43
-msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
-msgstr "git remote set-head <Name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <Branch>)"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:48
+#: builtin/remote.c:50
 msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches <Name> <Branch>..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:49
+#: builtin/remote.c:51
 msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches --add <Name> <Branch>..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:54
+#: builtin/remote.c:56
 msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote show [<Optionen>] <Name>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:59
+#: builtin/remote.c:61
 msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote prune [<Optionen>] <Name>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:64
+#: builtin/remote.c:66
 msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
 msgstr "git remote update [<Optionen>] [<Gruppe> | <externesRepository>]..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:88
+#: builtin/remote.c:95
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s"
 msgstr "Aktualisiere %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:120
+#: builtin/remote.c:127
 msgid ""
 "--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
 "\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
@@ -8704,59 +12704,59 @@ msgstr ""
 "--mirror ist gefährlich und veraltet; bitte\n"
 "\t benutzen Sie stattdessen --mirror=fetch oder --mirror=push"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:137
+#: builtin/remote.c:144
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
 msgstr "unbekanntes Argument für Option --mirror: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:153
+#: builtin/remote.c:160
 msgid "fetch the remote branches"
 msgstr "die Remote-Branches anfordern"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:155
+#: builtin/remote.c:162
 msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
 msgstr "alle Tags und verbundene Objekte beim Anfordern importieren"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:158
+#: builtin/remote.c:165
 msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
-msgstr "oder fordere gar keine Zweige an (--no-tags)"
+msgstr "oder fordere gar keine Tags an (--no-tags)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:160
+#: builtin/remote.c:167
 msgid "branch(es) to track"
 msgstr "Branch(es) zur Ãœbernahme"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:161
+#: builtin/remote.c:168
 msgid "master branch"
 msgstr "Hauptbranch"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:162
+#: builtin/remote.c:169
 msgid "push|fetch"
 msgstr "push|fetch"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:163
+#: builtin/remote.c:170
 msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
 msgstr ""
 "Aufsetzen des Remote-Repositories als Spiegel-Repository für \"push\" und "
 "\"fetch\""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:175
+#: builtin/remote.c:182
 msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
 msgstr ""
 "Die Option --mirror kann nicht mit der Angabe eines Hauptbranches verwendet "
 "werden."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:177
+#: builtin/remote.c:184
 msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
 msgstr ""
 "Die Angabe von zu folgenden Branches kann nur mit dem Anfordern von "
 "Spiegelarchiven verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:187 builtin/remote.c:643
+#: builtin/remote.c:191 builtin/remote.c:631
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote %s already exists."
 msgstr "externes Repository %s existiert bereits"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:191 builtin/remote.c:647
+#: builtin/remote.c:195 builtin/remote.c:635
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
 msgstr "'%s' ist kein gültiger Name für ein Remote-Repository"
@@ -8766,40 +12766,30 @@ msgstr "'%s' ist kein gültiger Name für ein Remote-Repository"
 msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte symbolische Referenz für Hauptbranch von '%s' nicht einrichten"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:335
+#: builtin/remote.c:337
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
 msgstr "Konnte Fetch-Map für Refspec %s nicht bekommen"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:436 builtin/remote.c:444
+#: builtin/remote.c:438 builtin/remote.c:446
 msgid "(matching)"
 msgstr "(übereinstimmend)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:448
+#: builtin/remote.c:450
 msgid "(delete)"
 msgstr "(lösche)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:592 builtin/remote.c:598 builtin/remote.c:604
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht an '%s' anhängen."
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:636 builtin/remote.c:795 builtin/remote.c:895
+#: builtin/remote.c:624 builtin/remote.c:759 builtin/remote.c:858
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote: %s"
 msgstr "Kein solches Remote-Repository: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:653
+#: builtin/remote.c:641
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Sektion '%s' in Konfiguration nicht nach '%s' umbenennen"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:659 builtin/remote.c:847
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
-msgstr "Konnte Sektion '%s' nicht aus Konfiguration entfernen"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:674
+#: builtin/remote.c:661
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
@@ -8810,32 +12800,17 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "\tBitte aktualisieren Sie, falls notwendig, die Konfiguration manuell."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:680
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s'"
-msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht anhängen."
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:691
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not set '%s'"
-msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht setzen"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:713
+#: builtin/remote.c:697
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
 msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht löschen"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:747
+#: builtin/remote.c:731
 #, c-format
 msgid "creating '%s' failed"
 msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht erstellen"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:766
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove branch %s"
-msgstr "Konnte Branch %s nicht löschen"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:833
+#: builtin/remote.c:796
 msgid ""
 "Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
 "to delete it, use:"
@@ -8847,124 +12822,143 @@ msgstr[0] ""
 "gelöscht;\n"
 "um diesen zu löschen, benutzen Sie:"
 msgstr[1] ""
-"Hinweis: Einige Branches außer der refs/remotes/ Hierarchie wurden nicht "
+"Hinweis: Einige Branches außerhalb der refs/remotes/ Hierarchie wurden nicht "
 "entfernt;\n"
 "um diese zu entfernen, benutzen Sie:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:948
+#: builtin/remote.c:810
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Sektion '%s' nicht aus Konfiguration entfernen"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:911
 #, c-format
 msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
 msgstr " neu (wird bei nächstem \"fetch\" in remotes/%s gespeichert)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:951
+#: builtin/remote.c:914
 msgid " tracked"
 msgstr " gefolgt"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:953
+#: builtin/remote.c:916
 msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
 msgstr " veraltet (benutzen Sie 'git remote prune' zum Löschen)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:955
+#: builtin/remote.c:918
 msgid " ???"
 msgstr " ???"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:996
+#: builtin/remote.c:959
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
 msgstr "ungültiges branch.%s.merge; kann Rebase nicht auf > 1 Branch ausführen"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1003
+#: builtin/remote.c:967
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively onto remote %s"
+msgstr "interaktiver Rebase auf Remote-Branch %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:968
 #, c-format
 msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
 msgstr "Rebase auf Remote-Branch %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1006
+#: builtin/remote.c:971
 #, c-format
 msgid " merges with remote %s"
 msgstr " führt mit Remote-Branch %s zusammen"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1007
-msgid "    and with remote"
-msgstr "    und mit Remote-Branch"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:1009
+#: builtin/remote.c:974
 #, c-format
 msgid "merges with remote %s"
 msgstr "führt mit Remote-Branch %s zusammen"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1010
-msgid "   and with remote"
-msgstr "   und mit Remote-Branch"
+#: builtin/remote.c:977
+#, c-format
+msgid "%-*s    and with remote %s\n"
+msgstr "%-*s    und mit Remote-Branch %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1056
+#: builtin/remote.c:1020
 msgid "create"
 msgstr "erstellt"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1059
+#: builtin/remote.c:1023
 msgid "delete"
 msgstr "gelöscht"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1063
+#: builtin/remote.c:1027
 msgid "up to date"
 msgstr "aktuell"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1066
+#: builtin/remote.c:1030
 msgid "fast-forwardable"
 msgstr "vorspulbar"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1069
+#: builtin/remote.c:1033
 msgid "local out of date"
 msgstr "lokal nicht aktuell"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1076
+#: builtin/remote.c:1040
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
 msgstr "    %-*s erzwingt Versandt nach %-*s (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1079
+#: builtin/remote.c:1043
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
 msgstr "    %-*s versendet nach %-*s (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1083
+#: builtin/remote.c:1047
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
 msgstr "    %-*s erzwingt Versand nach %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1086
+#: builtin/remote.c:1050
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
 msgstr "    %-*s versendet nach %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1154
+#: builtin/remote.c:1118
 msgid "do not query remotes"
 msgstr "keine Abfrage von Remote-Repositories"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1181
+#: builtin/remote.c:1145
 #, c-format
 msgid "* remote %s"
 msgstr "* Remote-Repository %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1182
+#: builtin/remote.c:1146
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
 msgstr "  URL zum Abholen: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1183 builtin/remote.c:1334
+#: builtin/remote.c:1147 builtin/remote.c:1163 builtin/remote.c:1302
 msgid "(no URL)"
 msgstr "(keine URL)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1192 builtin/remote.c:1194
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon ':' should align
+#. with the one in " Fetch URL: %s"
+#. translation.
+#.
+#: builtin/remote.c:1161 builtin/remote.c:1163
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
 msgstr "  URL zum Versenden: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1196 builtin/remote.c:1198 builtin/remote.c:1200
+#: builtin/remote.c:1165 builtin/remote.c:1167 builtin/remote.c:1169
 #, c-format
 msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
 msgstr "  Hauptbranch: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1202
+#: builtin/remote.c:1165
+msgid "(not queried)"
+msgstr "(nicht abgefragt)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1167
+msgid "(unknown)"
+msgstr "(unbekannt)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1171
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
@@ -8972,261 +12966,304 @@ msgstr ""
 "  Hauptbranch (externer HEAD ist mehrdeutig, könnte einer der folgenden "
 "sein):\n"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1214
+#: builtin/remote.c:1183
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
 msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
 msgstr[0] "  Remote-Branch:%s"
 msgstr[1] "  Remote-Branches:%s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1217 builtin/remote.c:1244
+#: builtin/remote.c:1186 builtin/remote.c:1212
 msgid " (status not queried)"
 msgstr " (Zustand nicht abgefragt)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1226
+#: builtin/remote.c:1195
 msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
 msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
 msgstr[0] "  Lokaler Branch konfiguriert für 'git pull':"
 msgstr[1] "  Lokale Branches konfiguriert für 'git pull':"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1234
+#: builtin/remote.c:1203
 msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
 msgstr "  Lokale Referenzen werden von 'git push' gespiegelt"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1241
+#: builtin/remote.c:1209
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
 msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
 msgstr[0] "  Lokale Referenz konfiguriert für 'git push'%s:"
 msgstr[1] "  Lokale Referenzen konfiguriert für 'git push'%s:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1262
+#: builtin/remote.c:1230
 msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
 msgstr "setzt refs/remotes/<Name>/HEAD gemäß dem Remote-Repository"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1264
+#: builtin/remote.c:1232
 msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
 msgstr "entfernt refs/remotes/<Name>/HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1279
+#: builtin/remote.c:1247
 msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
 msgstr "Kann HEAD des Remote-Repositories nicht bestimmen"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1281
+#: builtin/remote.c:1249
 msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
 msgstr ""
 "Mehrere Hauptbranches im Remote-Repository. Bitte wählen Sie explizit einen "
 "aus mit:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1291
+#: builtin/remote.c:1259
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not delete %s"
 msgstr "Konnte %s nicht entfernen"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1299
+#: builtin/remote.c:1267
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
 msgstr "keine gültige Referenz: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1301
+#: builtin/remote.c:1269
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not setup %s"
 msgstr "Konnte %s nicht einrichten"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1319
+#: builtin/remote.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s will become dangling!"
 msgstr " %s wird unreferenziert!"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1320
+#: builtin/remote.c:1288
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s has become dangling!"
 msgstr " %s wurde unreferenziert!"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1330
+#: builtin/remote.c:1298
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pruning %s"
 msgstr "entferne veraltete Branches von %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1331
+#: builtin/remote.c:1299
 #, c-format
 msgid "URL: %s"
 msgstr "URL: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1354
+#: builtin/remote.c:1315
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [would prune] %s"
 msgstr " * [würde veralteten Branch entfernen] %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1357
+#: builtin/remote.c:1318
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [pruned] %s"
 msgstr "* [veralteten Branch entfernt] %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1402
+#: builtin/remote.c:1363
 msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
 msgstr "entferne veraltete Branches im Remote-Repository nach \"fetch\""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1468 builtin/remote.c:1542
+#: builtin/remote.c:1426 builtin/remote.c:1480 builtin/remote.c:1548
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote '%s'"
 msgstr "Kein solches Remote-Repository '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1488
+#: builtin/remote.c:1442
 msgid "add branch"
 msgstr "Branch hinzufügen"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1495
+#: builtin/remote.c:1449
 msgid "no remote specified"
 msgstr "kein Remote-Repository angegeben"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1517
+#: builtin/remote.c:1466
+msgid "query push URLs rather than fetch URLs"
+msgstr "nur URLs für Push ausgeben"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1468
+msgid "return all URLs"
+msgstr "alle URLs ausgeben"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1496
+#, c-format
+msgid "no URLs configured for remote '%s'"
+msgstr "Keine URLs für Remote-Repository '%s' konfiguriert."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1522
 msgid "manipulate push URLs"
 msgstr "URLs für \"push\" manipulieren"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1519
+#: builtin/remote.c:1524
 msgid "add URL"
 msgstr "URL hinzufügen"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1521
+#: builtin/remote.c:1526
 msgid "delete URLs"
 msgstr "URLs löschen"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1528
+#: builtin/remote.c:1533
 msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
 msgstr ""
 "Die Optionen --add und --delete können nicht gemeinsam verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1568
+#: builtin/remote.c:1572
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
 msgstr "ungültiges altes URL Format: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1576
+#: builtin/remote.c:1580
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such URL found: %s"
 msgstr "Keine solche URL gefunden: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1578
+#: builtin/remote.c:1582
 msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
 msgstr "Werde keine URLs entfernen, die nicht für \"push\" bestimmt sind"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1592
+#: builtin/remote.c:1598
 msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
-msgstr "erweiterte Ausgaben; muss vor einem Unterkommando angegeben werden"
+msgstr "erweiterte Ausgaben; muss vor einem Unterbefehl angegeben werden"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1629
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "Unbekannter Unterbefehl: %s"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:17
-msgid "git repack [options]"
-msgstr "git repack [Optionen]"
+#: builtin/repack.c:18
+msgid "git repack [<options>]"
+msgstr "git repack [<Optionen>]"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:159
+#: builtin/repack.c:23
+msgid ""
+"Incremental repacks are incompatible with bitmap indexes.  Use\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index or disable the pack.writebitmaps configuration."
+msgstr ""
+"Schrittweises Neupacken ist mit Bitmap-Indexen inkompatibel. Benutzen Sie\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index oder deaktivieren Sie die pack.writebitmaps\n"
+"Konfiguration."
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:170
 msgid "pack everything in a single pack"
 msgstr "alles in eine einzige Pack-Datei packen"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:161
+#: builtin/repack.c:172
 msgid "same as -a, and turn unreachable objects loose"
 msgstr "genau wie -a, unerreichbare Objekte werden aber nicht gelöscht"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:164
+#: builtin/repack.c:175
 msgid "remove redundant packs, and run git-prune-packed"
 msgstr "redundante Pakete entfernen und \"git-prune-packed\" ausführen"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:166
+#: builtin/repack.c:177
 msgid "pass --no-reuse-delta to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "--no-reuse-delta an git-pack-objects übergeben"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:168
+#: builtin/repack.c:179
 msgid "pass --no-reuse-object to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "--no-reuse-object an git-pack-objects übergeben"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:170
+#: builtin/repack.c:181
 msgid "do not run git-update-server-info"
 msgstr "git-update-server-info nicht ausführen"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:173
+#: builtin/repack.c:184
 msgid "pass --local to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "--local an git-pack-objects übergeben"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:175
+#: builtin/repack.c:186
 msgid "write bitmap index"
 msgstr "Bitmap-Index schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:176
+#: builtin/repack.c:187
 msgid "approxidate"
 msgstr "Datumsangabe"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:177
+#: builtin/repack.c:188
 msgid "with -A, do not loosen objects older than this"
 msgstr "mit -A, keine Objekte älter als dieses Datum löschen"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:179
+#: builtin/repack.c:190
+msgid "with -a, repack unreachable objects"
+msgstr "mit -a, nicht erreichbare Objekte neu packen"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:192
 msgid "size of the window used for delta compression"
 msgstr "Größe des Fensters für die Delta-Kompression"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:180 builtin/repack.c:184
+#: builtin/repack.c:193 builtin/repack.c:199
 msgid "bytes"
 msgstr "Bytes"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:181
+#: builtin/repack.c:194
 msgid "same as the above, but limit memory size instead of entries count"
 msgstr ""
 "gleiches wie oben, aber die Speichergröße anstatt der\n"
 "Anzahl der Einträge limitieren"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:183
+#: builtin/repack.c:196
 msgid "limits the maximum delta depth"
 msgstr "die maximale Delta-Tiefe limitieren"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:185
+#: builtin/repack.c:198
+msgid "limits the maximum number of threads"
+msgstr "maximale Anzahl von Threads limitieren"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:200
 msgid "maximum size of each packfile"
 msgstr "maximale Größe für jede Paketdatei"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:187
+#: builtin/repack.c:202
 msgid "repack objects in packs marked with .keep"
 msgstr ""
 "Objekte umpacken, die sich in mit .keep markierten Pack-Dateien befinden"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:371
+#: builtin/repack.c:212
+msgid "cannot delete packs in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "kann Pack-Dateien in precious-objects Repository nicht löschen"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:216
+msgid "--keep-unreachable and -A are incompatible"
+msgstr "--keep-unreachable und -A sind inkompatibel"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:410 builtin/worktree.c:148
 #, c-format
-msgid "removing '%s' failed"
-msgstr "Löschen von '%s' fehlgeschlagen"
+msgid "failed to remove '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Löschen von '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:19
+#: builtin/replace.c:20
 msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] <Objekt> <Ersetzung>"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:20
+#: builtin/replace.c:21
 msgid "git replace [-f] --edit <object>"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] --edit <Objekt>"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:21
+#: builtin/replace.c:22
 msgid "git replace [-f] --graft <commit> [<parent>...]"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] --graft <Commit> [<Eltern-Commit>...]"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:22
+#: builtin/replace.c:23
 msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
 msgstr "git replace -d <Objekt>..."
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:23
+#: builtin/replace.c:24
 msgid "git replace [--format=<format>] [-l [<pattern>]]"
 msgstr "git replace [--format=<Format>] [-l [<Muster>]]"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:325 builtin/replace.c:363 builtin/replace.c:391
+#: builtin/replace.c:331 builtin/replace.c:369 builtin/replace.c:397
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'"
 msgstr "Ungültiger Objekt-Name: '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:355
+#: builtin/replace.c:361
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad mergetag in commit '%s'"
 msgstr "ungültiger Merge-Tag in Commit '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:357
+#: builtin/replace.c:363
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed mergetag in commit '%s'"
 msgstr "fehlerhafter Merge-Tag in Commit '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:368
+#: builtin/replace.c:374
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "original commit '%s' contains mergetag '%s' that is discarded; use --edit "
@@ -9235,338 +13272,324 @@ msgstr ""
 "Der ursprüngliche Commit '%s' enthält Merge-Tag '%s', der verworfen\n"
 "wird; benutzen Sie --edit anstatt --graft"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:401
+#: builtin/replace.c:407
 #, c-format
 msgid "the original commit '%s' has a gpg signature."
 msgstr "Der ursprüngliche Commit '%s' hat eine GPG-Signatur."
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:402
+#: builtin/replace.c:408
 msgid "the signature will be removed in the replacement commit!"
 msgstr "Die Signatur wird in dem Ersetzungs-Commit entfernt!"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:408
+#: builtin/replace.c:414
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not write replacement commit for: '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Ersetzungs-Commit für '%s' nicht schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:432
+#: builtin/replace.c:438
 msgid "list replace refs"
 msgstr "ersetzende Referenzen auflisten"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:433
+#: builtin/replace.c:439
 msgid "delete replace refs"
 msgstr "ersetzende Referenzen löschen"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:434
+#: builtin/replace.c:440
 msgid "edit existing object"
 msgstr "existierendes Objekt bearbeiten"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:435
+#: builtin/replace.c:441
 msgid "change a commit's parents"
 msgstr "Eltern-Commits eines Commits ändern"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:436
+#: builtin/replace.c:442
 msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
 msgstr "die Referenz ersetzen, wenn sie existiert"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:437
+#: builtin/replace.c:444
 msgid "do not pretty-print contents for --edit"
 msgstr "keine ansprechende Anzeige des Objektinhaltes für --edit"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:438
+#: builtin/replace.c:445
 msgid "use this format"
 msgstr "das angegebene Format benutzen"
 
-#: builtin/rerere.c:12
-msgid "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
-msgstr "git rerere [clean | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+#: builtin/rerere.c:13
+msgid "git rerere [clear | forget <path>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+msgstr "git rerere [clean | forget <Pfad>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
 
-#: builtin/rerere.c:57
+#: builtin/rerere.c:59
 msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
-msgstr "saubere Auflösungen in der Staging-Area registrieren"
+msgstr "saubere Auflösungen im Index registrieren"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:26
+#: builtin/reset.c:29
 msgid ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<Commit>]"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:27
-msgid "git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <paths>..."
-msgstr "git reset [-q] <Commit-Referenz> [--] <Pfade>..."
+#: builtin/reset.c:30
+msgid "git reset [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git reset [-q] [<Commit-Referenz>] [--] <Pfade>..."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:28
+#: builtin/reset.c:31
 msgid "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"
 msgstr "git reset --patch [<Commit-Referenz>] [--] [<Pfade>...]"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "mixed"
 msgstr "mixed"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "soft"
 msgstr "soft"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "hard"
 msgstr "hard"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "merge"
 msgstr "zusammenführen"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "keep"
 msgstr "keep"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:74
+#: builtin/reset.c:78
 msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
 msgstr "Sie haben keinen gültigen HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:76
+#: builtin/reset.c:80
 msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
 msgstr "Fehler beim Finden des \"Tree\"-Objektes von HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:82
+#: builtin/reset.c:86
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
 msgstr "Fehler beim Finden des \"Tree\"-Objektes von %s."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:100
+#: builtin/reset.c:111
 #, c-format
 msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
 msgstr "HEAD ist jetzt bei %s"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:183
+#: builtin/reset.c:189
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
 msgstr "Kann keinen '%s'-Reset durchführen, während ein Merge im Gange ist."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:276
+#: builtin/reset.c:289
 msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
 msgstr "weniger Ausgaben, meldet nur Fehler"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:278
+#: builtin/reset.c:291
 msgid "reset HEAD and index"
-msgstr "HEAD und Staging-Area umsetzen"
+msgstr "HEAD und Index umsetzen"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:279
+#: builtin/reset.c:292
 msgid "reset only HEAD"
 msgstr "nur HEAD umsetzen"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:281 builtin/reset.c:283
+#: builtin/reset.c:294 builtin/reset.c:296
 msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
-msgstr "HEAD, Staging-Area und Arbeitsverzeichnis umsetzen"
+msgstr "HEAD, Index und Arbeitsverzeichnis umsetzen"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:285
+#: builtin/reset.c:298
 msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
 msgstr "HEAD umsetzen, aber lokale Änderungen behalten"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:288
+#: builtin/reset.c:304
 msgid "record only the fact that removed paths will be added later"
 msgstr "nur speichern, dass gelöschte Pfade später hinzugefügt werden sollen"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:305
+#: builtin/reset.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."
 msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht als gültigen Commit auflösen."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:308 builtin/reset.c:316
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
-msgstr "Konnte Objekt '%s' nicht parsen."
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:313
+#: builtin/reset.c:329
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."
 msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht als gültiges \"Tree\"-Objekt auflösen."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:322
+#: builtin/reset.c:338
 msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 msgstr "--patch ist inkompatibel mit --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#: builtin/reset.c:347
 msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
 msgstr ""
 "--mixed mit Pfaden ist veraltet; benutzen Sie stattdessen 'git reset -- "
 "<Pfade>'."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:333
+#: builtin/reset.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
 msgstr "Ein '%s'-Reset mit Pfaden ist nicht möglich."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:343
+#: builtin/reset.c:359
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
 msgstr "'%s'-Reset ist in einem Bare-Repository nicht erlaubt"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#: builtin/reset.c:363
 msgid "-N can only be used with --mixed"
 msgstr "-N kann nur mit -mixed benutzt werden"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:364
+#: builtin/reset.c:380
 msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
 msgstr "Nicht zum Commit vorgemerkte Änderungen nach Zurücksetzung:"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:370
+#: builtin/reset.c:386
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
-msgstr "Konnte Staging-Area-Datei nicht zu Commit '%s' setzen."
+msgstr "Konnte Index-Datei nicht zu Commit '%s' setzen."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:374
+#: builtin/reset.c:390
 msgid "Could not write new index file."
-msgstr "Konnte neue Staging-Area-Datei nicht schreiben."
+msgstr "Konnte neue Index-Datei nicht schreiben."
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:397
+msgid "cannot combine --exclude-promisor-objects and --missing"
+msgstr "--exclude-promisor-objects und --missing können nicht kombiniert werden."
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:361
-msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
-msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [Optionen] -- [<Argumente>...]"
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:455
+msgid "object filtering requires --objects"
+msgstr "Das Filtern von Objekten erfordert --objects."
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:366
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:458
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid sparse value '%s'"
+msgstr "Ungültiger \"sparse\"-Wert '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:499
+msgid "rev-list does not support display of notes"
+msgstr "rev-list unterstützt keine Anzeige von Notizen"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:502
+msgid "cannot combine --use-bitmap-index with object filtering"
+msgstr ""
+"--use-bitmap-index kann nicht mit dem Filtern von Objekten kombiniert werden."
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:402
+msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]"
+msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [<Optionen>] -- [<Argumente>...]"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:407
 msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
 msgstr "`--` als Argument lassen"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:368
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:409
 msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
 msgstr "das Parsen nach dem ersten Argument, was keine Option ist, stoppen"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:371
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:412
 msgid "output in stuck long form"
 msgstr ""
 "Ausgabe in Langform mit Argumenten an den Optionen (getrennt durch '=')"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:499
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:545
 msgid ""
-"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]\n"
 "   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
-"   or: git rev-parse [options] [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [<options>] [<arg>...]\n"
 "\n"
 "Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
 msgstr ""
-"git rev-parse --parseopt [Optionen] -- [<Argumente>...]\n"
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<Optionen>] -- [<Argumente>...]\n"
 "   oder: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<Argumente>...]\n"
-"   oder: git rev-parse [Optionen] [<Argumente>...]\n"
+"   oder: git rev-parse [<Optionen>] [<Argumente>...]\n"
 "\n"
 "Führen Sie \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" für weitere Informationen bei "
 "erster Verwendung aus."
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:22
-msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>..."
-msgstr "git revert [Optionen] <Commit-Angabe>..."
-
 #: builtin/revert.c:23
-msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
-msgstr "git revert <Unterkommando>"
+msgid "git revert [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git revert [<Optionen>] <Commit-Angabe>..."
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:28
-msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>..."
-msgstr "git cherry-pick [Optionen] <Commit-Angabe>..."
+#: builtin/revert.c:24
+msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
+msgstr "git revert <Unterbefehl>"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:29
+msgid "git cherry-pick [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git cherry-pick [<Optionen>] <Commit-Angabe>..."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:30
 msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
-msgstr "git cherry-pick <Unterkommando>"
+msgstr "git cherry-pick <Unterbefehl>"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:71
+#: builtin/revert.c:90
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr "%s: %s kann nicht mit %s verwendet werden"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:80
+#: builtin/revert.c:99
 msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
 msgstr "\"revert\" oder \"cherry-pick\" Ablauf beenden"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:81
+#: builtin/revert.c:100
 msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
 msgstr "\"revert\" oder \"cherry-pick\" Ablauf fortsetzen"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:82
+#: builtin/revert.c:101
 msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
 msgstr "\"revert\" oder \"cherry-pick\" Ablauf abbrechen"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:83
+#: builtin/revert.c:102
 msgid "don't automatically commit"
 msgstr "nicht automatisch committen"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:84
+#: builtin/revert.c:103
 msgid "edit the commit message"
 msgstr "Commit-Beschreibung bearbeiten"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:87
-msgid "parent number"
+#: builtin/revert.c:106
+msgid "parent-number"
 msgstr "Nummer des Elternteils"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:89
+#: builtin/revert.c:107
+msgid "select mainline parent"
+msgstr "Elternteil der Hauptlinie auswählen"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "merge strategy"
 msgstr "Merge-Strategie"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:90
+#: builtin/revert.c:110
 msgid "option"
 msgstr "Option"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:91
+#: builtin/revert.c:111
 msgid "option for merge strategy"
 msgstr "Option für Merge-Strategie"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:104
+#: builtin/revert.c:120
 msgid "append commit name"
 msgstr "Commit-Namen anhängen"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:105
-msgid "allow fast-forward"
-msgstr "Vorspulen erlauben"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:106
+#: builtin/revert.c:122
 msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
 msgstr "ursprüngliche, leere Commits erhalten"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:107
-msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
-msgstr "Commits mit leerer Beschreibung erlauben"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:108
+#: builtin/revert.c:124
 msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
 msgstr "redundante, leere Commits behalten"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:112
-msgid "program error"
-msgstr "Programmfehler"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:197
+#: builtin/revert.c:214
 msgid "revert failed"
 msgstr "\"revert\" fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:212
+#: builtin/revert.c:227
 msgid "cherry-pick failed"
 msgstr "\"cherry-pick\" fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:17
-msgid "git rm [options] [--] <file>..."
-msgstr "git rm [Optionen] [--] [<Datei>...]"
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:65
-msgid ""
-"the following submodule (or one of its nested submodules)\n"
-"uses a .git directory:"
-msgid_plural ""
-"the following submodules (or one of their nested submodules)\n"
-"use a .git directory:"
-msgstr[0] ""
-"das folgende Submodul (oder ein geschachteltes Submodul hiervon)\n"
-"benutzt ein .git-Verzeichnis:"
-msgstr[1] ""
-"die folgenden Submodule (oder ein geschachteltes Submodul hiervon)\n"
-"benutzen ein .git-Verzeichnis:"
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:71
-msgid ""
-"\n"
-"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
-msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"(benutzen Sie 'rm -rf' wenn Sie dieses Submodul wirklich mitsamt\n"
-"seiner Historie löschen möchten)"
+#: builtin/rm.c:18
+msgid "git rm [<options>] [--] <file>..."
+msgstr "git rm [<Optionen>] [--] <Datei>..."
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:231
+#: builtin/rm.c:206
 msgid ""
 "the following file has staged content different from both the\n"
 "file and the HEAD:"
@@ -9581,7 +13604,7 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "unterschiedlich\n"
 "zu der Datei und HEAD:"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:236
+#: builtin/rm.c:211
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "(use -f to force removal)"
@@ -9589,229 +13612,682 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "(benutzen Sie -f, um die Löschung zu erzwingen)"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:240
+#: builtin/rm.c:215
 msgid "the following file has changes staged in the index:"
 msgid_plural "the following files have changes staged in the index:"
 msgstr[0] "die folgende Datei hat zum Commit vorgemerkte Änderungen:"
 msgstr[1] "die folgenden Dateien haben zum Commit vorgemerkte Änderungen:"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:244 builtin/rm.c:255
+#: builtin/rm.c:219 builtin/rm.c:228
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"(benutzen Sie --cached, um die Datei zu behalten, oder -f, um die Entfernung "
+"(benutzen Sie --cached, um die Datei zu behalten, oder -f, um das Entfernen "
 "zu erzwingen)"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:252
+#: builtin/rm.c:225
 msgid "the following file has local modifications:"
 msgid_plural "the following files have local modifications:"
 msgstr[0] "die folgende Datei hat lokale Änderungen:"
 msgstr[1] "die folgenden Dateien haben lokale Änderungen:"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:270
+#: builtin/rm.c:243
 msgid "do not list removed files"
 msgstr "keine gelöschten Dateien auflisten"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:271
+#: builtin/rm.c:244
 msgid "only remove from the index"
-msgstr "nur aus der Staging-Area entfernen"
+msgstr "nur aus dem Index entfernen"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:272
+#: builtin/rm.c:245
 msgid "override the up-to-date check"
 msgstr "die \"up-to-date\" Prüfung überschreiben"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:273
+#: builtin/rm.c:246
 msgid "allow recursive removal"
-msgstr "rekursive Entfernung erlauben"
+msgstr "rekursives Entfernen erlauben"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:275
+#: builtin/rm.c:248
 msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
 msgstr "mit Rückgabewert 0 beenden, wenn keine Übereinstimmung gefunden wurde"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:318
-msgid "Please, stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
-msgstr ""
-"Bitte merken Sie Ihre Änderungen in .gitmodules zum Commit vor oder "
-"benutzen\n"
-"Sie \"stash\", um fortzufahren."
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:336
+#: builtin/rm.c:307
 #, c-format
 msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
 msgstr "'%s' wird nicht ohne -r rekursiv entfernt"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:375
+#: builtin/rm.c:346
 #, c-format
 msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
 msgstr "git rm: konnte %s nicht löschen"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:13
-msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"
-msgstr "git shortlog [<Optionen>] [Commitbereich] [[--] <Pfad>...]"
-
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:131
+#: builtin/rm.c:369
 #, c-format
-msgid "Missing author: %s"
-msgstr "fehlender Autor: %s"
+msgid "could not remove '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht löschen"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:230
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:19
+msgid ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<host>:]<directory> "
+"[<ref>...]\n"
+"  --all and explicit <ref> specification are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<Host>:]<Verzeichnis> "
+"[<Referenz>...]\n"
+"  --all und die explizite Angabe einer <Referenz> schließen sich gegenseitig "
+"aus."
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:162
+msgid "remote name"
+msgstr "Name des Remote-Repositories"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:176
+msgid "use stateless RPC protocol"
+msgstr "zustandsloses RPC-Protokoll verwenden"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:177
+msgid "read refs from stdin"
+msgstr "Referenzen von der Standard-Eingabe lesen"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:178
+msgid "print status from remote helper"
+msgstr "Status des Remote-Helpers ausgeben"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:14
+msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr "git shortlog [<Optionen>] [<Commitbereich>] [[--] [<Pfad>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:263
+msgid "Group by committer rather than author"
+msgstr "über Commit-Ersteller anstatt Autor gruppieren"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:265
 msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
 msgstr "die Ausgabe entsprechend der Anzahl von Commits pro Autor sortieren"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:232
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:267
 msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
 msgstr "Commit-Beschreibungen unterdrücken, nur Anzahl der Commits liefern"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:234
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:269
 msgid "Show the email address of each author"
 msgstr "die E-Mail-Adresse von jedem Autor anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:235
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:270
 msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 msgstr "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:236
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:271
 msgid "Linewrap output"
 msgstr "Ausgabe mit Zeilenumbrüchen"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:9
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:12
 msgid ""
-"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
 "\t\t[--current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
 "\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
 "\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <glob>)...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
 "\t\t[--current] [--color[=<Wann>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
 "\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
 "\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<Commit> | <glob>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:13
-msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
-msgstr "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<Basis>]] [--list] [<Referenz>]"
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:16
+msgid "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<Basis>]] [--list] [<Referenz>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d ref"
+msgid_plural "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "ignoriere %s; kann nicht mehr als %d Referenz behandeln"
+msgstr[1] "ignoriere %s; kann nicht mehr als %d Referenzen behandeln"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "no matching refs with %s"
+msgstr "keine übereinstimmenden Referenzen mit %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:626
 msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "Remote-Tracking und lokale Branches anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:654
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:628
 msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "Remote-Tracking-Branches anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:630
 msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
 msgstr "'*!+-' entsprechend des Branches einfärben"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:658
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:632
 msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
 msgstr "<n> weitere Commits nach dem gemeinsamen Vorgänger-Commit anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:634
 msgid "synonym to more=-1"
 msgstr "Synonym für more=-1"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:661
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:635
 msgid "suppress naming strings"
 msgstr "Namen unterdrücken"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:663
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:637
 msgid "include the current branch"
 msgstr "den aktuellen Branch einbeziehen"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:665
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:639
 msgid "name commits with their object names"
 msgstr "Commits nach ihren Objektnamen benennen"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:667
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:641
 msgid "show possible merge bases"
 msgstr "mögliche Merge-Basen anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:669
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:643
 msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
 msgstr ""
 "Referenzen, die unerreichbar von allen anderen Referenzen sind, anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:671
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:645
 msgid "show commits in topological order"
 msgstr "Commits in topologischer Ordnung anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:674
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:648
 msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
 msgstr "nur Commits anzeigen, die sich nicht im ersten Branch befinden"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:676
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:650
 msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
 msgstr "Merges anzeigen, die nur von einem Branch aus erreichbar sind"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
 msgid "topologically sort, maintaining date order where possible"
 msgstr "topologische Sortierung, Beibehaltung Datumsordnung wo möglich"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:681
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
 msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
 msgstr "<n>[,<Basis>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:682
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
 msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
 msgstr "die <n> jüngsten Einträge im Reflog, beginnend an der Basis, anzeigen"
 
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:690
+msgid ""
+"--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, --independent or --merge-base"
+msgstr ""
+"--reflog ist inkompatibel mit --all, --remotes, --independent oder --merge-"
+"base"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:714
+msgid "no branches given, and HEAD is not valid"
+msgstr "keine Branches angegeben, und HEAD ist ungültig"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:717
+msgid "--reflog option needs one branch name"
+msgstr "Die Option --reflog benötigt einen Branchnamen."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "only %d entry can be shown at one time."
+msgid_plural "only %d entries can be shown at one time."
+msgstr[0] "nur %d Eintrag kann zur selben Zeit angezeigt werden"
+msgstr[1] "nur %d Einträge können zur selben Zeit angezeigt werden"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:724
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such ref %s"
+msgstr "Referenz nicht gefunden: %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d rev."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d revs."
+msgstr[0] "Kann nicht mehr als %d Commit behandeln."
+msgstr[1] "Kann nicht mehr als %d Commits behandeln."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:812
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid ref."
+msgstr "'%s' ist keine gültige Referenz."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot find commit %s (%s)"
+msgstr "kann Commit %s (%s) nicht finden"
+
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:10
 msgid ""
-"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
-"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<pattern>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
-"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<Muster>...] "
 
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:11
-msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list"
-msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=Muster] < ref-list"
+msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<Muster>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:159
 msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
 msgstr "nur Tags anzeigen (kann mit \"heads\" kombiniert werden)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:169
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:160
 msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
 msgstr "nur Branches anzeigen (kann mit \"tags\" kombiniert werden)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:161
 msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
 msgstr "strengere Referenzprüfung, erfordert exakten Referenzpfad"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:173 builtin/show-ref.c:175
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:164 builtin/show-ref.c:166
 msgid "show the HEAD reference, even if it would be filtered out"
 msgstr ""
 "die HEAD-Referenz anzeigen, selbst wenn diese ausgefiltert werden würde"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:177
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
 msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
 msgstr "Tags in Objekt-Identifikationen dereferenzieren"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:179
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
 msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
 msgstr "nur SHA1 Hash mit <n> Ziffern anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:183
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:174
 msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
 msgstr ""
 "keine Ausgabe der Ergebnisse in die Standard-Ausgabe (nützlich mit --verify)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:185
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
 msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
 msgstr ""
 "Referenzen von der Standard-Eingabe anzeigen, die sich nicht im lokalen "
 "Repository befinden"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:7
-msgid "git symbolic-ref [options] name [ref]"
-msgstr "git symbolic-ref [Optionen] name [ref]"
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:18
+msgid "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:19
+msgid "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:36
+msgid "skip and remove all lines starting with comment character"
+msgstr ""
+"alle Zeilen, die mit dem Kommentarzeichen beginnen, überspringen und "
+"entfernen"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:39
+msgid "prepend comment character and space to each line"
+msgstr "Kommentarzeichen mit Leerzeichen an jede Zeile voranstellen"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:35 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1669
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such ref: %s"
+msgstr "Referenz nicht gefunden: %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:42 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1678
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expecting a full ref name, got %s"
+msgstr "Vollständiger Referenzname erwartet, %s erhalten"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:59
+msgid "submodule--helper print-default-remote takes no arguments"
+msgstr "'submodule--helper print-default-remote' erwartet keine Argumente."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:96
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '%s'"
+msgstr "Kann eine Komponente von URL '%s' nicht extrahieren"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:404 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1198
+msgid "alternative anchor for relative paths"
+msgstr "Alternativer Anker für relative Pfade"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:409
+msgid "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<Pfad>] [<Pfad>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:460 builtin/submodule--helper.c:483
+#, c-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '%s' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr "Keine URL für Submodul-Pfad '%s' in .gitmodules gefunden"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:498
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not lookup configuration '%s'. Assuming this repository is its own "
+"authoritative upstream."
+msgstr ""
+"Konnte Konfiguration '%s' nicht nachschlagen. Nehme an, dass dieses "
+"Repository\n"
+"sein eigenes verbindliches Upstream-Repository ist."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:509
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"Fehler beim Eintragen der URL für Submodul-Pfad '%s' in die Konfiguration."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:513
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) registered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Submodul '%s' (%s) für Pfad '%s' in die Konfiguration eingetragen.\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:523
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: command update mode suggested for submodule '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Warnung: 'update'-Modus für Submodul '%s' vorgeschlagen\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"Fehler bei Änderung des Aktualisierungsmodus für Submodul-Pfad '%s' in der\n"
+"Konfiguration."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:552
+msgid "Suppress output for initializing a submodule"
+msgstr "Ausgaben bei Initialisierung eines Submoduls unterdrücken"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:557
+msgid "git submodule--helper init [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper init [<Pfad>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:625 builtin/submodule--helper.c:747
+#, c-format
+msgid "no submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '%s'"
+msgstr "Keine Submodul-Zuordnung in .gitmodules für Pfad '%s' gefunden"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:660
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD ref inside the submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte HEAD-Referenz nicht innerhalb des Submodul-Pfads '%s' auflösen."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:687 builtin/submodule--helper.c:856
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler bei Rekursion in Submodul '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:711 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1021
+msgid "Suppress submodule status output"
+msgstr "Ausgabe über Submodul-Status unterdrücken"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:712
+msgid ""
+"Use commit stored in the index instead of the one stored in the submodule "
+"HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"Benutze den Commit, der im Index gespeichert ist, statt den im Submodul HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:713
+msgid "recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "Rekursion in verschachtelte Submodule durchführen"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:718
+msgid "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<Pfad>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:742
+msgid "git submodule--helper name <path>"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper name <Pfad>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:806
+#, c-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Synchronisiere Submodul-URL für '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:812
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Registrieren der URL für Submodul-Pfad '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:826
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to get the default remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Lesen des Standard-Remote-Repositories für Submodul '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:837
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to update remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Aktualisieren des Remote-Repositories für Submodul '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:885
+msgid "Suppress output of synchronizing submodule url"
+msgstr "Ausgaben bei der Synchronisierung der Submodul-URLs unterdrücken"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:887
+msgid "Recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "Rekursion in verschachtelte Submodule durchführen"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:892
+msgid "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<Pfad>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:946
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains a .git directory (use 'rm -rf' if you "
+"really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+"Arbeitsverzeichnis von Submodul in '%s' enthält ein .git-Verzeichnis\n"
+"(benutzen Sie 'rm -rf', wenn Sie dieses wirklich mitsamt seiner Historie\n"
+"löschen möchten)"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:958
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains local modifications; use '-f' to discard "
+"them"
+msgstr ""
+"Arbeitsverzeichnis von Submodul in '%s' enthält lokale Änderungen;\n"
+"verwenden Sie '-f', um diese zu verwerfen."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:966
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cleared directory '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Verzeichnis '%s' bereinigt.\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:968
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Konnte Arbeitsverzeichnis des Submoduls in '%s' nicht löschen.\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:977
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create empty submodule directory %s"
+msgstr "Konnte kein leeres Verzeichnis für Submodul in '%s' erstellen."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:993
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) unregistered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Submodul '%s' (%s) für Pfad '%s' ausgetragen.\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1022
+msgid "Remove submodule working trees even if they contain local changes"
+msgstr "Arbeitsverzeichnisse von Submodulen löschen, auch wenn lokale Änderungen vorliegen"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1023
+msgid "Unregister all submodules"
+msgstr "alle Submodule austragen"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1028
+msgid ""
+"git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr "git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<Pfad>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1042
+msgid "Use '--all' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgstr ""
+"Verwenden Sie '--all', wenn Sie wirklich alle Submodule deinitialisieren\n"
+"möchten."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1133 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1136
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' cannot add alternate: %s"
+msgstr "Submodul '%s' kann Alternative nicht hinzufügen: %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1172
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateErrorStrategy is not recognized"
+msgstr "Wert '%s' für submodule.alternateErrorStrategy wird nicht erkannt"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1179
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateLocation is not recognized"
+msgstr "Wert '%s' für submodule.alternateLocation wird nicht erkannt."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1201
+msgid "where the new submodule will be cloned to"
+msgstr "Pfad für neues Submodul"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1204
+msgid "name of the new submodule"
+msgstr "Name des neuen Submoduls"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1207
+msgid "url where to clone the submodule from"
+msgstr "URL von der das Submodul geklont wird"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1213
+msgid "depth for shallow clones"
+msgstr "Tiefe des Klons mit unvollständiger Historie (shallow)"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1216 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1587
+msgid "force cloning progress"
+msgstr "Fortschrittsanzeige beim Klonen erzwingen"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1221
+msgid ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<path>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<repository>] [--name <name>] [--depth <depth>] --url <url> --path <path>"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<Pfad>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<Repository>] [--name <Name>] [--url <URL>] [--name <Name>] [--depth "
+"<Tiefe>] --url <URL> --path <Pfad>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1252
+#, c-format
+msgid "clone of '%s' into submodule path '%s' failed"
+msgstr "Klonen von '%s' in Submodul-Pfad '%s' fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1267
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get submodule directory for '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Submodul-Verzeichnis '%s' nicht finden."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1332
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule path '%s' not initialized"
+msgstr "Submodul-Pfad '%s' nicht initialisiert"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1336
+msgid "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr "Meinten Sie vielleicht 'update --init'?"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1365
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping unmerged submodule %s"
+msgstr "Überspringe nicht zusammengeführtes Submodul %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1394
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "Ãœberspringe Submodul '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1527
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s'. Retry scheduled"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Klonen von '%s'. Weiterer Versuch geplant"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1538
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s' a second time, aborting"
+msgstr "Zweiter Versuch '%s' zu klonen fehlgeschlagen, breche ab."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1568 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1788
+msgid "path into the working tree"
+msgstr "Pfad zum Arbeitsverzeichnis"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1571
+msgid "path into the working tree, across nested submodule boundaries"
+msgstr ""
+"Pfad zum Arbeitsverzeichnis, über verschachtelte Submodul-Grenzen hinweg"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1575
+msgid "rebase, merge, checkout or none"
+msgstr "rebase, merge, checkout oder none"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1579
+msgid "Create a shallow clone truncated to the specified number of revisions"
+msgstr ""
+"Erstellung eines Klons mit unvollständiger Historie (shallow), abgeschnitten "
+"bei\n"
+"der angegebenen Anzahl von Commits."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1582
+msgid "parallel jobs"
+msgstr "Parallele Ausführungen"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1584
+msgid "whether the initial clone should follow the shallow recommendation"
+msgstr ""
+"ob das initiale Klonen den Empfehlungen für eine unvollständige\n"
+"Historie (shallow) folgen soll"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1585
+msgid "don't print cloning progress"
+msgstr "keine Fortschrittsanzeige beim Klonen"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1592
+msgid "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<Pfad>] [<Pfad>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1605
+msgid "bad value for update parameter"
+msgstr "Fehlerhafter Wert für --update Parameter"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1673
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule (%s) branch configured to inherit branch from superproject, but "
+"the superproject is not on any branch"
+msgstr ""
+"Branch von Submodul (%s) ist konfiguriert, den Branch des Hauptprojektes\n"
+"zu erben, aber das Hauptprojekt befindet sich auf keinem Branch."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1789
+msgid "recurse into submodules"
+msgstr "Rekursion in Submodule durchführen"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1795
+msgid "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<Pfad>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1857
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s doesn't support --super-prefix"
+msgstr "%s unterstützt kein --super-prefix"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1863
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid submodule--helper subcommand"
+msgstr "'%s' ist kein gültiger Unterbefehl von submodule--helper"
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:8
-msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] name"
-msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] name"
+msgid "git symbolic-ref [<options>] <name> [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref [<Optionen>] <Name> [<Referenz>]"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:9
+msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <name>"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <Name>"
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40
 msgid "suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"
@@ -9826,63 +14302,51 @@ msgstr "symbolische Referenzen löschen"
 msgid "shorten ref output"
 msgstr "verkürzte Ausgabe der Referenzen"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:358
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
 msgid "reason"
 msgstr "Grund"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:358
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
 msgid "reason of the update"
 msgstr "Grund für die Aktualisierung"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:22
+#: builtin/tag.c:24
 msgid ""
-"git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]"
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>] <tagname> "
+"[<head>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git tag [-a|-s|-u <Schlüssel-id>] [-f] [-m <Beschreibung>|-F <Datei>] "
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <Schlüssel-id>] [-f] [-m <Beschreibung> | -F <Datei>] "
 "<Tagname> [<Commit>]"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:23
+#: builtin/tag.c:25
 msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
 msgstr "git tag -d <Tagname>..."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:24
+#: builtin/tag.c:26
 msgid ""
-"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>] \n"
-"\t\t[<pattern>...]"
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--no-contains <commit>] [--"
+"points-at <object>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<format>] [--[no-]merged [<commit>]] [<pattern>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git tag -l [-n[<Nummer>]] [--contains <Commit>] [--points-at <Objekt>] \n"
-"\t\t[<Muster>...]"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:26
-msgid "git tag -v <tagname>..."
-msgstr "git tag -v <Tagname>..."
+"git tag -l [-n[<Nummer>]] [--contains <Commit>] [--no-contains <Commit>] [--"
+"points-at <Objekt>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<Muster>] [--[no-]merged [<Commit>]] [<Muster>...]"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:69
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
-msgstr "fehlerhaftes Objekt bei '%s'"
+#: builtin/tag.c:28
+msgid "git tag -v [--format=<format>] <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -v [--format=<Format>] <Tagname>..."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:301
-#, c-format
-msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
-msgstr "Tagname zu lang: %.*s..."
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:306
+#: builtin/tag.c:86
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' not found."
 msgstr "Tag '%s' nicht gefunden."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:321
+#: builtin/tag.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
 msgstr "Tag '%s' gelöscht (war %s)\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:333
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
-msgstr "Konnte Tag '%s' nicht verifizieren"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:343
+#: builtin/tag.c:131
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -9895,7 +14359,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "  %s\n"
 "ein. Zeilen, die mit '%c' beginnen, werden ignoriert.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:347
+#: builtin/tag.c:135
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -9910,788 +14374,1153 @@ msgstr ""
 "ein. Zeilen, die mit '%c' beginnen, werden behalten; Sie dürfen diese\n"
 "selbst entfernen wenn Sie möchten.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:371
-#, c-format
-msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s'"
-msgstr "Nicht unterstützte Angabe für \"--sort\" '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:373
-#, c-format
-msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s' in variable '%s'"
-msgstr "Nicht unterstützte Angabe für \"--sort\" '%s' in Variable '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:428
+#: builtin/tag.c:189
 msgid "unable to sign the tag"
 msgstr "konnte Tag nicht signieren"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:430
+#: builtin/tag.c:191
 msgid "unable to write tag file"
 msgstr "konnte Tag-Datei nicht schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:455
+#: builtin/tag.c:216
 msgid "bad object type."
 msgstr "ungültiger Objekt-Typ"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:468
-msgid "tag header too big."
-msgstr "Tag-Kopf zu groß."
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:504
+#: builtin/tag.c:265
 msgid "no tag message?"
 msgstr "keine Tag-Beschreibung?"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:510
+#: builtin/tag.c:272
 #, c-format
 msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
 msgstr "Die Tag-Beschreibung wurde gelassen in %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:559
-msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
-msgstr "Option 'points-at' erfordert ein Objekt"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:561
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
-msgstr "fehlerhafter Objekt-Name '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:589
+#: builtin/tag.c:381
 msgid "list tag names"
 msgstr "Tagnamen auflisten"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:591
+#: builtin/tag.c:383
 msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
 msgstr "<n> Zeilen jeder Tag-Beschreibung anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:593
+#: builtin/tag.c:385
 msgid "delete tags"
 msgstr "Tags löschen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:594
+#: builtin/tag.c:386
 msgid "verify tags"
 msgstr "Tags überprüfen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:596
+#: builtin/tag.c:388
 msgid "Tag creation options"
 msgstr "Optionen für Erstellung von Tags"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:598
+#: builtin/tag.c:390
 msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
 msgstr "annotiertes Tag, benötigt eine Beschreibung"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:600
+#: builtin/tag.c:392
 msgid "tag message"
 msgstr "Tag-Beschreibung"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:602
+#: builtin/tag.c:394
+msgid "force edit of tag message"
+msgstr "Bearbeitung der Tag-Beschreibung erzwingen"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:395
 msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
 msgstr "annotiertes und GPG-signiertes Tag"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:606
+#: builtin/tag.c:399
 msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
 msgstr "einen anderen Schlüssel verwenden, um das Tag zu signieren"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:607
+#: builtin/tag.c:400
 msgid "replace the tag if exists"
 msgstr "das Tag ersetzen, wenn es existiert"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:608
-msgid "show tag list in columns"
-msgstr "Liste der Tags in Spalten anzeigen"
+#: builtin/tag.c:401 builtin/update-ref.c:368
+msgid "create a reflog"
+msgstr "Reflog erstellen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:610
-msgid "sort tags"
-msgstr "Tags sortieren"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:614
+#: builtin/tag.c:403
 msgid "Tag listing options"
 msgstr "Optionen für Auflistung der Tags"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:617 builtin/tag.c:623
+#: builtin/tag.c:404
+msgid "show tag list in columns"
+msgstr "Liste der Tags in Spalten anzeigen"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:405 builtin/tag.c:407
 msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
 msgstr "nur Tags ausgeben, die diesen Commit beinhalten"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:629
+#: builtin/tag.c:406 builtin/tag.c:408
+msgid "print only tags that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "nur Tags ausgeben, die diesen Commit nicht enthalten"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:409
+msgid "print only tags that are merged"
+msgstr "nur Tags ausgeben, die gemerged wurden"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:410
+msgid "print only tags that are not merged"
+msgstr "nur Tags ausgeben, die nicht gemerged wurden"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:415
 msgid "print only tags of the object"
 msgstr "nur Tags von dem Objekt ausgeben"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:655
+#: builtin/tag.c:459
 msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column und -n sind inkompatibel"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:667
-msgid "--sort and -n are incompatible"
-msgstr "--sort und -n sind inkompatibel"
+#: builtin/tag.c:481
+msgid "-n option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "Die Option -n ist nur im Listenmodus erlaubt."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:483
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "Die Option --contains ist nur im Listenmodus erlaubt."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:674
-msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "-n Option ist nur erlaubt mit -l."
+#: builtin/tag.c:485
+msgid "--no-contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "Die Option --no-contains ist nur im Listenmodus erlaubt."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:676
-msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "--contains Option ist nur erlaubt mit -l."
+#: builtin/tag.c:487
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "Die Option --points-at ist nur im Listenmodus erlaubt."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:678
-msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "--points-at Option ist nur erlaubt mit -l."
+#: builtin/tag.c:489
+msgid "--merged and --no-merged options are only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "Die Optionen --merged und --no-merged sind nur im Listenmodus erlaubt."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:686
+#: builtin/tag.c:500
 msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
 msgstr "nur eine -F oder -m Option ist erlaubt."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:706
+#: builtin/tag.c:519
 msgid "too many params"
 msgstr "zu viele Parameter"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:712
+#: builtin/tag.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
 msgstr "'%s' ist kein gültiger Tagname."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:717
+#: builtin/tag.c:530
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
 msgstr "Tag '%s' existiert bereits"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:741
+#: builtin/tag.c:561
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
 msgstr "Tag '%s' aktualisiert (war %s)\n"
 
-#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:489
+#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:498
 msgid "Unpacking objects"
 msgstr "Entpacke Objekte"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:403
-msgid "git update-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git update-index [Optionen] [--] [<Datei>...]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen von Verzeichnis '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:756
+#: builtin/update-index.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create file %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Datei '%s' nicht erstellen"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete file %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Datei '%s' nicht löschen"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:113 builtin/update-index.c:219
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete directory %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Verzeichnis '%s' nicht löschen"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:138
+#, c-format
+msgid "Testing mtime in '%s' "
+msgstr "Prüfe mtime in '%s' "
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:152
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new file"
+msgstr ""
+"Verzeichnisinformationen haben sich nach Hinzufügen einer neuen Datei nicht "
+"geändert"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:165
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new directory"
+msgstr ""
+"Verzeichnisinformationen haben sich nach Hinzufügen eines neuen "
+"Verzeichnisses nicht geändert"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:178
+msgid "directory stat info changes after updating a file"
+msgstr ""
+"Verzeichnisinformationen haben sich nach Aktualisierung einer Datei geändert"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:189
+msgid "directory stat info changes after adding a file inside subdirectory"
+msgstr ""
+"Verzeichnisinformationen haben sich nach Hinzufügen einer Datei in ein "
+"Unterverzeichnis geändert"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:200
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a file"
+msgstr ""
+"Verzeichnisinformationen haben sich nach dem Löschen einer Datei nicht "
+"geändert"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:213
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a directory"
+msgstr ""
+"Verzeichnisinformationen haben sich nach dem Löschen eines Verzeichnisses "
+"nicht geändert"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:220
+msgid " OK"
+msgstr " OK"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:579
+msgid "git update-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git update-index [<Optionen>] [--] [<Datei>...]"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:936
 msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
 msgstr ""
-"Aktualisierung fortsetzen, auch wenn die Staging-Area aktualisiert werden "
-"muss"
+"Aktualisierung fortsetzen, auch wenn der Index aktualisiert werden muss"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:759
+#: builtin/update-index.c:939
 msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
 msgstr "Aktualisierung: ignoriert Submodule"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:762
+#: builtin/update-index.c:942
 msgid "do not ignore new files"
 msgstr "keine neuen Dateien ignorieren"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:764
+#: builtin/update-index.c:944
 msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
 msgstr "Dateien Verzeichnisse ersetzen lassen, und umgedreht"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:766
+#: builtin/update-index.c:946
 msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
 msgstr "fehlende Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis beachten"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:768
+#: builtin/update-index.c:948
 msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
 msgstr ""
-"aktualisieren, auch wenn die Staging-Area nicht zusammengeführte Einträge "
-"beinhaltet"
+"aktualisieren, auch wenn der Index nicht zusammengeführte Einträge beinhaltet"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:771
+#: builtin/update-index.c:951
 msgid "refresh stat information"
 msgstr "Dateiinformationen aktualisieren"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:775
+#: builtin/update-index.c:955
 msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
 msgstr "wie --refresh, ignoriert aber \"assume-unchanged\" Einstellung"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:779
+#: builtin/update-index.c:959
 msgid "<mode>,<object>,<path>"
 msgstr "<Modus>,<Objekt>,<Pfad>"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:780
+#: builtin/update-index.c:960
 msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
 msgstr "den angegebenen Eintrag zum Commit vormerken"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:784
-msgid "(+/-)x"
-msgstr "(+/-)x"
-
-#: builtin/update-index.c:785
-msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
-msgstr "das \"ausführbar\"-Bit der aufgelisteten Dateien überschreiben"
-
-#: builtin/update-index.c:789
+#: builtin/update-index.c:969
 msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
 msgstr "diese Datei immer als unverändert betrachten"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:792
+#: builtin/update-index.c:972
 msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
 msgstr "\"assumed-unchanged\"-Bit löschen"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:795
+#: builtin/update-index.c:975
 msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
 msgstr "Dateien als \"index-only\" markieren"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:798
+#: builtin/update-index.c:978
 msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
 msgstr "\"skip-worktree\"-Bit löschen"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:801
+#: builtin/update-index.c:981
 msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
 msgstr ""
 "die Änderungen nur zum Commit vormerken; Inhalt wird nicht der Objekt-"
 "Datenbank hinzugefügt"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:803
+#: builtin/update-index.c:983
 msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
 msgstr ""
 "benannte Pfade löschen, auch wenn sie sich im Arbeitsverzeichnis befinden"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:805
+#: builtin/update-index.c:985
 msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
 msgstr "mit --stdin: eingegebene Zeilen sind durch NUL-Bytes abgeschlossen"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:807
+#: builtin/update-index.c:987
 msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
 msgstr "Liste der zu aktualisierenden Pfade von der Standard-Eingabe lesen"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:811
+#: builtin/update-index.c:991
 msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
 msgstr "Einträge von der Standard-Eingabe zum Commit vormerken"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:815
+#: builtin/update-index.c:995
 msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
 msgstr ""
 "wiederholtes Einpflegen der Zustände #2 und #3 für die aufgelisteten Pfade"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:819
+#: builtin/update-index.c:999
 msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
 msgstr "nur Einträge aktualisieren, die unterschiedlich zu HEAD sind"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:823
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1003
 msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
 msgstr "fehlende Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis ignorieren"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:826
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1006
 msgid "report actions to standard output"
 msgstr "die Aktionen in der Standard-Ausgabe ausgeben"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:828
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1008
 msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
 msgstr "(für Fremdprogramme) keine gespeicherten, nicht aufgelöste Konflikte"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:832
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1012
 msgid "write index in this format"
-msgstr "Staging-Area-Datei in diesem Format schreiben"
+msgstr "Index-Datei in diesem Format schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:834
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1014
 msgid "enable or disable split index"
-msgstr "Aktivierung oder Deaktivierung des Splittings der Staging-Area"
+msgstr "Splitting des Index aktivieren oder deaktivieren"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1016
+msgid "enable/disable untracked cache"
+msgstr "Cache für unversionierte Dateien aktivieren oder deaktivieren"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1018
+msgid "test if the filesystem supports untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"prüfen, ob das Dateisystem einen Cache für unversionierte Dateien unterstützt"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:9
-msgid "git update-ref [options] -d <refname> [<oldval>]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [Optionen] -d <Referenzname> [<alterWert>]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1020
+msgid "enable untracked cache without testing the filesystem"
+msgstr ""
+"Cache für unversionierte Dateien ohne Prüfung des Dateisystems aktivieren"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1022
+msgid "write out the index even if is not flagged as changed"
+msgstr "Index rausschreiben, auch wenn dieser nicht als geändert markiert ist"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1024
+msgid "enable or disable file system monitor"
+msgstr "Dateisystem-Monitor aktivieren oder deaktivieren"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1026
+msgid "mark files as fsmonitor valid"
+msgstr "Dateien als \"fsmonitor valid\" markieren"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1029
+msgid "clear fsmonitor valid bit"
+msgstr "\"fsmonitor valid\"-Bit löschen"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1127
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"enable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex ist auf 'false' gesetzt. Entfernen oder ändern Sie dies,\n"
+"wenn sie wirklich das Splitting des Index aktivieren möchten."
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1136
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"disable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex ist auf 'true' gesetzt. Entfernen oder ändern Sie dies,\n"
+"wenn Sie wirklich das Splitting des Index deaktivieren möchten."
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1147
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to disable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache ist auf 'true' gesetzt. Entfernen oder ändern Sie dies,\n"
+"wenn Sie wirklich den Cache für unversionierte Dateien deaktivieren möchten."
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1151
+msgid "Untracked cache disabled"
+msgstr "Cache für unversionierte Dateien deaktiviert"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1159
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to enable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache ist auf 'false' gesetzt. Entfernen oder ändern Sie "
+"dies,\n"
+"wenn sie wirklich den Cache für unversionierte Dateien aktivieren möchten."
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1163
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked cache enabled for '%s'"
+msgstr "Cache für unversionierte Dateien für '%s' aktiviert"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1171
+msgid "core.fsmonitor is unset; set it if you really want to enable fsmonitor"
+msgstr ""
+"core.fsmonitor nicht gesetzt. Setzen Sie es, wenn Sie den Dateisystem-"
+"Monitor\n"
+"wirklich aktivieren möchten."
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1175
+msgid "fsmonitor enabled"
+msgstr "Dateisystem-Monitor aktiviert"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1178
+msgid ""
+"core.fsmonitor is set; remove it if you really want to disable fsmonitor"
+msgstr ""
+"core.fsmonitor ist gesetzt. Löschen Sie es, wenn Sie den Dateisystem-"
+"Monitor\n"
+"wirklich deaktivieren möchten."
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1182
+msgid "fsmonitor disabled"
+msgstr "Dateisystem-Monitor deaktiviert"
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:10
-msgid "git update-ref [options]    <refname> <newval> [<oldval>]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [Optionen]    <Referenzname> <neuerWert> [<alterWert>]"
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] -d <refname> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<Optionen>] -d <Referenzname> [<alter-Wert>]"
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:11
-msgid "git update-ref [options] --stdin [-z]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [Optionen] --stdin [-z]"
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>]    <refname> <new-val> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git update-ref [<Optionen>]    <Referenzname> <neuer-Wert> [<alter-Wert>]"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:359
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:12
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] --stdin [-z]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<Optionen>] --stdin [-z]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
 msgid "delete the reference"
 msgstr "diese Referenz löschen"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:361
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:365
 msgid "update <refname> not the one it points to"
 msgstr "<Referenzname> aktualisieren, nicht den Verweis"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:362
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:366
 msgid "stdin has NUL-terminated arguments"
 msgstr "Standard-Eingabe hat durch NUL-Zeichen abgeschlossene Argumente"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:367
 msgid "read updates from stdin"
 msgstr "Aktualisierungen von der Standard-Eingabe lesen"
 
-#: builtin/update-server-info.c:6
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:7
 msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
 msgstr "git update-server-info [--force]"
 
-#: builtin/update-server-info.c:14
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:15
 msgid "update the info files from scratch"
 msgstr "die Informationsdateien von Grund auf aktualisieren"
 
-#: builtin/verify-commit.c:17
-msgid "git verify-commit [-v|--verbose] <commit>..."
-msgstr "git verify-commit [-v|--verbose] <Commit>..."
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:18
+msgid "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <Commit>..."
 
-#: builtin/verify-commit.c:75
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:73
 msgid "print commit contents"
 msgstr "Commit-Inhalte ausgeben"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:54
-msgid "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>..."
-msgstr "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <Paket>..."
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:74 builtin/verify-tag.c:38
+msgid "print raw gpg status output"
+msgstr "unbearbeitete Ausgabe des Status von gpg ausgeben"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:55
+msgid "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <pack>..."
+msgstr "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <Paket>..."
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:64
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:65
 msgid "verbose"
 msgstr "erweiterte Ausgaben"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:66
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:67
 msgid "show statistics only"
 msgstr "nur Statistiken anzeigen"
 
-#: builtin/verify-tag.c:17
-msgid "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>..."
-msgstr "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <Tag>..."
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:19
+msgid "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<format>] <tag>..."
+msgstr "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<Format>] <Tag>..."
 
-#: builtin/verify-tag.c:73
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:37
 msgid "print tag contents"
 msgstr "Tag-Inhalte ausgeben"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:13
+#: builtin/worktree.c:17
+msgid "git worktree add [<options>] <path> [<commit-ish>]"
+msgstr "git worktree add [<Optionen>] <Pfad> [<Commit-Angabe>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:18
+msgid "git worktree list [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree list [<Optionen>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:19
+msgid "git worktree lock [<options>] <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree lock [<Optionen>] <Pfad>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:20
+msgid "git worktree move <worktree> <new-path>"
+msgstr "git worktree move <Arbeitsverzeichnis> <neuer-Pfad>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:21
+msgid "git worktree prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree prune [<Optionen>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:22
+msgid "git worktree remove [<options>] <worktree>"
+msgstr "git worktree remove [<Optionen>] <Arbeitsverzeichnis>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:23
+msgid "git worktree unlock <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree unlock <Pfad>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: not a valid directory"
+msgstr "Lösche worktrees/%s: kein gültiges Verzeichnis"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:66
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file does not exist"
+msgstr "Lösche worktrees/%s: gitdir-Datei existiert nicht"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:71 builtin/worktree.c:80
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: unable to read gitdir file (%s)"
+msgstr "Lösche worktrees/%s: konnte gitdir-Datei (%s) nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Removing worktrees/%s: short read (expected %<PRIuMAX> bytes, read "
+"%<PRIuMAX>)"
+msgstr ""
+"Lösche worktrees/%s: read() zu kurz (%<PRIuMAX> Bytes erwartet, %<PRIuMAX> "
+"gelesen)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: invalid gitdir file"
+msgstr "Lösche worktrees/%s: ungültige gitdir-Datei"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:114
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file points to non-existent location"
+msgstr "Lösche worktrees/%s: gitdir-Datei verweist auf nicht existierenden Ort"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:161
+msgid "report pruned working trees"
+msgstr "entfernte Arbeitsverzeichnisse ausgeben"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:163
+msgid "expire working trees older than <time>"
+msgstr "Arbeitsverzeichnisse älter als <Zeit> verfallen lassen"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' already exists"
+msgstr "'%s' existiert bereits"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:269
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory of '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Verzeichnis '%s' nicht erstellen."
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:308
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing %s (identifier %s)"
+msgstr "Bereite %s vor (Identifikation %s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:385
+msgid "checkout <branch> even if already checked out in other worktree"
+msgstr ""
+"<Branch> auschecken, auch wenn dieser bereits in einem anderen "
+"Arbeitsverzeichnis ausgecheckt ist"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:388
+msgid "create a new branch"
+msgstr "neuen Branch erstellen"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:390
+msgid "create or reset a branch"
+msgstr "Branch erstellen oder umsetzen"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:392
+msgid "populate the new working tree"
+msgstr "das neue Arbeitsverzeichnis auschecken"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:393
+msgid "keep the new working tree locked"
+msgstr "das neue Arbeitsverzeichnis gesperrt lassen"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:395
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-branch(1))"
+msgstr "Modus zum Folgen von Branches einstellen (siehe git-branch(1))"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:398
+msgid "try to match the new branch name with a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+"versuchen, eine Ãœbereinstimmung des Branch-Namens mit einem\n"
+"Remote-Tracking-Branch herzustellen"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:406
+msgid "-b, -B, and --detach are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-b, -B und --detach schließen sich gegenseitig aus"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:471
+msgid "--[no-]track can only be used if a new branch is created"
+msgstr ""
+"--[no]-track kann nur verwendet werden, wenn ein neuer Branch erstellt wird."
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:571
+msgid "reason for locking"
+msgstr "Sperrgrund"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:583 builtin/worktree.c:616 builtin/worktree.c:670
+#: builtin/worktree.c:809
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a working tree"
+msgstr "'%s' ist kein Arbeitsverzeichnis"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:585 builtin/worktree.c:618
+msgid "The main working tree cannot be locked or unlocked"
+msgstr "Das Hauptarbeitsverzeichnis kann nicht gesperrt oder entsperrt werden."
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:590
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked, reason: %s"
+msgstr "'%s' ist bereits gesperrt, Grund: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:592
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked"
+msgstr "'%s' ist bereits gesperrt"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:620
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not locked"
+msgstr "'%s' ist nicht gesperrt"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:645
+msgid "working trees containing submodules cannot be moved or removed"
+msgstr ""
+"Arbeitsverzeichnisse, die Submodule enthalten, können nicht verschoben oder\n"
+"entfernt werden."
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:672 builtin/worktree.c:811
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is a main working tree"
+msgstr "'%s' ist ein Hauptarbeitsverzeichnis"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:677
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not figure out destination name from '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Zielname aus '%s' nicht bestimmen."
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "target '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "Ziel '%s' existiert bereits."
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:690
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr "Kann gesperrtes Arbeitsverzeichnis nicht verschieben, Sperrgrund: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:692
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree"
+msgstr "Kann gesperrtes Arbeitsverzeichnis nicht verschieben."
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:695
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot move working tree: %s"
+msgstr "Validierung fehlgeschlagen, kann Arbeitszeichnis nicht verschieben: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:700
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to move '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Verschieben von '%s' nach '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:748
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen von 'git status' auf '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:752
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is dirty, use --force to delete it"
+msgstr "'%s' ist verändert, benutzen Sie --force zum Löschen"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:757
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s', code %d"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen von 'git status' auf '%s'. Code: %d"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:768 builtin/worktree.c:782
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Löschen von '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:794
+msgid "force removing even if the worktree is dirty"
+msgstr "Löschen erzwingen, auch wenn das Arbeitsverzeichnis geändert wurde"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr "Kann gesperrtes Arbeitsverzeichnis nicht löschen, Sperrgrund: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:817
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree"
+msgstr "Kann gesperrtes Arbeitsverzeichnis nicht löschen."
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:820
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot remove working tree: %s"
+msgstr "Validierung fehlgeschlagen, kann Arbeitsverzeichnis nicht löschen: %s"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:14
 msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
 msgstr "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<Präfix>/]"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:26
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
 msgid "<prefix>/"
 msgstr "<Präfix>/"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:28
 msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
 msgstr "das \"Tree\"-Objekt für ein Unterverzeichnis <Präfix> schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:30
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:31
 msgid "only useful for debugging"
 msgstr "nur nützlich für Fehlersuche"
 
-#: credential-cache--daemon.c:267
+#: upload-pack.c:27
+msgid "git upload-pack [<options>] <dir>"
+msgstr "git upload-pack [<Optionen>] <Verzeichnis>"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:1070
+msgid "quit after a single request/response exchange"
+msgstr "nach einem einzigen Request/Response-Austausch beenden"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:1072
+msgid "exit immediately after initial ref advertisement"
+msgstr "direkt nach der initialen Angabe der Commits beenden"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:1074
+msgid "do not try <directory>/.git/ if <directory> is no Git directory"
+msgstr ""
+"kein Versuch in <Verzeichnis>/.git/ wenn <Verzeichnis> kein Git-Verzeichnis "
+"ist"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:1076
+msgid "interrupt transfer after <n> seconds of inactivity"
+msgstr "Übertragung nach <n> Sekunden Inaktivität unterbrechen"
+
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The permissions on your socket directory are too loose; other\n"
+"users may be able to read your cached credentials. Consider running:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Berechtigungen auf Ihr Socket-Verzeichnis sind zu schwach; andere\n"
+"Nutzer könnten Ihre zwischengespeicherten Anmeldeinformationen lesen.\n"
+"Ziehen Sie in Betracht\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s\n"
+"\n"
+"auszuführen."
+
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:271
 msgid "print debugging messages to stderr"
 msgstr "Meldungen zur Fehlersuche in Standard-Fehlerausgabe ausgeben"
 
-#: git.c:14
+#: git.c:8
+msgid ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]\n"
+"           <command> [<args>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C <Pfad>] [-c <Name>=<Wert>]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=<Pfad>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=<Pfad>] [--work-tree=<Pfad>] [--namespace=<Name>]\n"
+"           <Befehl> [<Argumente>]"
+
+#: git.c:15
 msgid ""
 "'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some\n"
 "concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
 "to read about a specific subcommand or concept."
 msgstr ""
-"'git help -a' und 'git help -g' listet verfügbare Unterkommandos und\n"
-"einige Anleitungen zu Git-Konzepten auf. Benutzen Sie 'git help <Kommando>'\n"
-"oder 'git help <Konzept>', um mehr über ein spezifisches Kommando oder\n"
+"'git help -a' und 'git help -g' listet verfügbare Unterbefehle und\n"
+"einige Anleitungen zu Git-Konzepten auf. Benutzen Sie 'git help <Befehl>'\n"
+"oder 'git help <Konzept>', um mehr über einen spezifischen Befehl oder\n"
 "Konzept zu erfahren."
 
-#: common-cmds.h:8
+#: git.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --git-dir\n"
+msgstr "Kein Verzeichnis für --git-dir angegeben.\n"
+
+#: git.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid "no namespace given for --namespace\n"
+msgstr "Kein Namespace für --namespace angegeben.\n"
+
+#: git.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --work-tree\n"
+msgstr "Kein Verzeichnis für --work-tree angegeben.\n"
+
+#: git.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid "no prefix given for --super-prefix\n"
+msgstr "Kein Präfix für --super-prefix angegeben.\n"
+
+#: git.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "-c expects a configuration string\n"
+msgstr "-c erwartet einen Konfigurationsstring.\n"
+
+#: git.c:197
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for -C\n"
+msgstr "Kein Verzeichnis für -C angegeben.\n"
+
+#: git.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option: %s\n"
+msgstr "Unbekannte Option: %s\n"
+
+#: git.c:687
+#, c-format
+msgid "expansion of alias '%s' failed; '%s' is not a git command\n"
+msgstr "Erweiterung von Alias '%s' fehlgeschlagen; '%s' ist kein Git-Befehl.\n"
+
+#: git.c:699
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run command '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen von Befehl '%s': %s\n"
+
+#: http.c:342
+#, c-format
+msgid "negative value for http.postbuffer; defaulting to %d"
+msgstr "negativer Wert für http.postbuffer; benutze Standardwert %d"
+
+#: http.c:363
+msgid "Delegation control is not supported with cURL < 7.22.0"
+msgstr "Kontrolle über Delegation wird mit cURL < 7.22.0 nicht unterstützt"
+
+#: http.c:372
+msgid "Public key pinning not supported with cURL < 7.44.0"
+msgstr ""
+"Das Anheften des öffentlichen Schlüssels wird mit cURL < 7.44.0\n"
+"nicht unterstützt."
+
+#: http.c:1857
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unable to update url base from redirection:\n"
+"  asked for: %s\n"
+"   redirect: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Konnte Basis-URL nicht durch Umleitung aktualisieren:\n"
+"  gefragt nach: %s\n"
+"    umgeleitet: %s"
+
+#: remote-curl.c:345
+#, c-format
+msgid "redirecting to %s"
+msgstr "Leite nach %s um"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:59
+msgid "args"
+msgstr "Argumente"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:60
+msgid "object filtering"
+msgstr "Filtern nach Objekten"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:9
+msgid "start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)"
+msgstr "Arbeitsverzeichnis anlegen (siehe auch: git help tutorial)"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:10
+msgid "work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)"
+msgstr "an aktuellen Änderungen arbeiten (siehe auch: git help everyday)"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:11
+msgid "examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)"
+msgstr "Historie und Status untersuchen (siehe auch: git help revisions)"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:12
+msgid "grow, mark and tweak your common history"
+msgstr "Historie erweitern und bearbeiten"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:13
+msgid "collaborate (see also: git help workflows)"
+msgstr "mit anderen zusammenarbeiten (siehe auch: git help workflows)"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:17
 msgid "Add file contents to the index"
 msgstr "Dateiinhalte zum Commit vormerken"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:9
-msgid "Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug"
+#: common-cmds.h:18
+msgid "Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug"
 msgstr ""
-"über eine Binärsuche die Änderungen finden, die einen Fehler verursacht haben"
+"Binärsuche verwenden, um den Commit zu finden, der einen Fehler verursacht "
+"hat"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:10
+#: common-cmds.h:19
 msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
 msgstr "Branches anzeigen, erstellen oder entfernen"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:11
-msgid "Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree"
-msgstr "Branches oder Pfade im Arbeitsverzeichnis auschecken"
+#: common-cmds.h:20
+msgid "Switch branches or restore working tree files"
+msgstr "Branches wechseln oder Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis wiederherstellen"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:12
+#: common-cmds.h:21
 msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
 msgstr "ein Repository in einem neuen Verzeichnis klonen"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:13
+#: common-cmds.h:22
 msgid "Record changes to the repository"
 msgstr "Änderungen in das Repository eintragen"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:14
+#: common-cmds.h:23
 msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
 msgstr ""
 "Änderungen zwischen Commits, Commit und Arbeitsverzeichnis, etc. anzeigen"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:15
+#: common-cmds.h:24
 msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
 msgstr "Objekte und Referenzen von einem anderen Repository herunterladen"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:16
+#: common-cmds.h:25
 msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
 msgstr "Zeilen darstellen, die einem Muster entsprechen"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:17
+#: common-cmds.h:26
 msgid "Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
 msgstr ""
 "ein leeres Git-Repository erstellen oder ein bestehendes neuinitialisieren"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:18
+#: common-cmds.h:27
 msgid "Show commit logs"
 msgstr "Commit-Historie anzeigen"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:19
+#: common-cmds.h:28
 msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
 msgstr "zwei oder mehr Entwicklungszweige zusammenführen"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:20
+#: common-cmds.h:29
 msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
 msgstr ""
-"eine Datei, ein Verzeichnis, oder einen symbolischen Verweis verschieben "
+"eine Datei, ein Verzeichnis, oder eine symbolische Verknüpfung verschieben "
 "oder umbenennen"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:21
+#: common-cmds.h:30
 msgid "Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch"
 msgstr ""
 "Objekte von einem externen Repository anfordern und sie mit einem anderen "
 "Repository oder einem lokalen Branch zusammenführen"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:22
+#: common-cmds.h:31
 msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
 msgstr "Remote-Referenzen mitsamt den verbundenen Objekten aktualisieren"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:23
-msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
-msgstr "lokale Commits auf einem aktuellerem Upstream-Branch neu aufbauen"
+#: common-cmds.h:32
+msgid "Reapply commits on top of another base tip"
+msgstr "Wiederholtes Anwenden von Commits auf anderem Basis-Commit"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:24
+#: common-cmds.h:33
 msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
 msgstr "aktuellen HEAD zu einem spezifizierten Zustand setzen"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:25
+#: common-cmds.h:34
 msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
-msgstr "Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis und von der Staging-Area löschen"
+msgstr "Dateien im Arbeitsverzeichnis und vom Index löschen"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:26
+#: common-cmds.h:35
 msgid "Show various types of objects"
 msgstr "verschiedene Arten von Objekten anzeigen"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:27
+#: common-cmds.h:36
 msgid "Show the working tree status"
 msgstr "den Zustand des Arbeitsverzeichnisses anzeigen"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:28
+#: common-cmds.h:37
 msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
 msgstr ""
 "ein mit GPG signiertes Tag-Objekt erzeugen, auflisten, löschen oder "
 "verifizieren."
 
-#: parse-options.h:143
+#: parse-options.h:157
 msgid "expiry-date"
 msgstr "Verfallsdatum"
 
-#: parse-options.h:158
+#: parse-options.h:172
 msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
 msgstr "Kein Effekt (Rückwärtskompatibilität)"
 
-#: parse-options.h:232
+#: parse-options.h:250
 msgid "be more verbose"
 msgstr "erweiterte Ausgaben"
 
-#: parse-options.h:234
+#: parse-options.h:252
 msgid "be more quiet"
 msgstr "weniger Ausgaben"
 
-#: parse-options.h:240
+#: parse-options.h:258
 msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
 msgstr "benutze <n> Ziffern zur Anzeige von SHA-1s"
 
-#: rerere.h:27
+#: rerere.h:40
 msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
 msgstr ""
-"Staging-Area, wenn möglich, mit wiederverwendeter Konfliktauflösung "
-"aktualisieren"
-
-#: git-am.sh:53
-msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
-msgstr "Sie müssen zuerst die Informationen zum Commit-Ersteller setzen."
-
-#: git-am.sh:98
-msgid ""
-"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
-"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
-msgstr ""
-"Sie scheinen seit dem letzten gescheiterten 'am' HEAD geändert zu haben.\n"
-"Keine Zurücksetzung zu ORIG_HEAD."
+"Index, wenn möglich, mit wiederverwendeter Konfliktauflösung aktualisieren"
 
-#: git-am.sh:108
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"When you have resolved this problem, run \"$cmdline --continue\".\n"
-"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"$cmdline --skip\" instead.\n"
-"To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
-msgstr ""
-"Wenn Sie das Problem gelöst haben, führen Sie \"$cmdline --continue\" aus.\n"
-"Falls Sie diesen Patch auslassen möchten, führen Sie stattdessen\n"
-"\"$cmdline --skip\" aus.\n"
-"Um den ursprünglichen Branch wiederherzustellen und die Anwendung der\n"
-"Patches abzubrechen, führen Sie \"$cmdline --abort\" aus."
-
-#: git-am.sh:124
-msgid "Cannot fall back to three-way merge."
-msgstr "Kann nicht zu 3-Wege-Merge zurückfallen."
-
-#: git-am.sh:140
-msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
-msgstr ""
-"Dem Repository fehlen notwendige Blobs um auf einen 3-Wege-Merge "
-"zurückzufallen."
-
-#: git-am.sh:142
-msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
-msgstr ""
-"Verwende Informationen aus der Staging-Area, um einen Basisverzeichnis "
-"nachzustellen"
-
-#: git-am.sh:157
-msgid ""
-"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
-"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
-msgstr ""
-"Haben Sie den Patch per Hand editiert?\n"
-"Er kann nicht auf die Blobs in seiner 'index' Zeile angewendet werden."
-
-#: git-am.sh:166
-msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
-msgstr "Falle zurück zum Patchen der Basis und des 3-Wege-Merges..."
-
-#: git-am.sh:182
-msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
-msgstr "Merge der Änderungen fehlgeschlagen"
-
-#: git-am.sh:277
-msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
-msgstr "Es kann nur eine StGIT Patch-Serie auf einmal angewendet werden."
-
-#: git-am.sh:364
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
-msgstr "Patch-Format $patch_format wird nicht unterstützt."
-
-#: git-am.sh:366
-msgid "Patch format detection failed."
-msgstr "Patch-Formaterkennung fehlgeschlagen."
-
-#: git-am.sh:398
-msgid ""
-"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
-"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
-msgstr ""
-"Die -b/--binary Option hat seit Langem keinen Effekt und wird\n"
-"entfernt. Bitte nicht mehr verwenden."
-
-#: git-am.sh:496
-#, sh-format
-msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
-msgstr ""
-"Vorheriges Rebase-Verzeichnis $dotest existiert noch, aber mbox gegeben."
-
-#: git-am.sh:501
-msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
-msgstr "Bitte werden Sie sich klar. --skip oder --abort?"
-
-#: git-am.sh:537
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Stray $dotest directory found.\n"
-"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
-msgstr ""
-"Stray $dotest Verzeichnis gefunden.\n"
-"Benutzen Sie \"git am --abort\", um es zu entfernen."
-
-#: git-am.sh:545
-msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
-msgstr "Es ist keine Auflösung im Gange, es wird nicht fortgesetzt."
-
-#: git-am.sh:612
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
-msgstr "Geänderte Staging-Area: kann Patches nicht anwenden (geändert: $files)"
-
-#: git-am.sh:722
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?\n"
-"If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
-"To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
-msgstr ""
-"Patch ist leer. Wurde er falsch aufgeteilt?\n"
-"Wenn Sie diesen Patch auslassen möchten, führen Sie stattdessen\n"
-"\"$cmdline --skip\" aus.\n"
-"Um den ursprünglichen Branch wiederherzustellen und die Anwendung der "
-"Patches\n"
-"abzubrechen, führen Sie \"$cmdline --abort\" aus."
-
-#: git-am.sh:749
-msgid "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
-msgstr "Patch enthält keine gültige E-Mail-Adresse."
-
-#: git-am.sh:796
-msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
-msgstr ""
-"Kann nicht interaktiv sein, ohne dass die Standard-Eingabe mit einem "
-"Terminal verbunden ist."
-
-#: git-am.sh:800
-msgid "Commit Body is:"
-msgstr "Commit-Beschreibung ist:"
-
-#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
-#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
-#. input at this point.
-#: git-am.sh:807
-msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
-msgstr "Anwenden? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
-
-#: git-am.sh:843
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
-msgstr "Wende an: $FIRSTLINE"
-
-#: git-am.sh:864
-msgid ""
-"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
-"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
-"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
-msgstr ""
-"Keine Änderungen - haben Sie vergessen 'git add' zu benutzen?\n"
-"Wenn keine Änderungen mehr zum Commit vorzumerken sind, könnten\n"
-"diese bereits anderweitig eingefügt worden sein; Sie könnten diesen Patch\n"
-"auslassen."
-
-#: git-am.sh:872
-msgid ""
-"You still have unmerged paths in your index\n"
-"did you forget to use 'git add'?"
-msgstr ""
-"Sie haben immer noch nicht zusammengeführte Pfade in der Staging-Area.\n"
-"Haben Sie vergessen 'git add' zu benutzen?"
-
-#: git-am.sh:888
-msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
-msgstr "Keine Änderungen -- Patches bereits angewendet."
-
-#: git-am.sh:898
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
-msgstr "Anwendung des Patches fehlgeschlagen bei $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
-
-#: git-am.sh:901
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"The copy of the patch that failed is found in:\n"
-"   $dotest/patch"
-msgstr ""
-"Die Kopie des fehlgeschlagenen Patches befindet sich in:\n"
-"   $dotest/patch"
-
-#: git-am.sh:919
-msgid "applying to an empty history"
-msgstr "auf leere Historie anwenden"
-
-#: git-bisect.sh:48
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
 msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
 msgstr "Sie müssen mit \"git bisect start\" beginnen."
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:54
+#: git-bisect.sh:60
 msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
 msgstr "Wollen Sie, dass ich es für Sie mache [Y/n]? "
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#: git-bisect.sh:121
 #, sh-format
 msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
 msgstr "nicht erkannte Option: '$arg'"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#: git-bisect.sh:125
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
 msgstr "'$arg' scheint kein gültiger Commit zu sein"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:117
+#: git-bisect.sh:154
 msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
 msgstr "Ungültiger HEAD - HEAD wird benötigt"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#: git-bisect.sh:167
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <valid-branch>'."
 msgstr ""
 "Auschecken von '$start_head' fehlgeschlagen. Versuchen Sie 'git bisect reset "
-"<gueltigerbranch>'."
+"<gültiger-Branch>'."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:140
+#: git-bisect.sh:177
 msgid "won't bisect on cg-seek'ed tree"
 msgstr ""
 "binäre Suche auf einem durch 'cg-seek' geändertem Verzeichnis nicht möglich"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:144
+#: git-bisect.sh:181
 msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
 msgstr "Ungültiger HEAD - merkwürdige symbolische Referenz"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#: git-bisect.sh:233
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
 msgstr "Ungültiges \"bisect_write\" Argument: $state"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#: git-bisect.sh:246
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
 msgstr "Ungültige Referenz-Eingabe: $arg"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:232
-msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
-msgstr "Bitte rufen Sie 'bisect_state' mit mindestens einem Argument auf."
+#: git-bisect.sh:265
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $bisected_head"
+msgstr "Ungültige Referenz-Eingabe: $bisected_head"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#: git-bisect.sh:274
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
 msgstr "Ungültige Referenz-Eingabe: $rev"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:253
-msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
-msgstr "'git bisect bad' kann nur ein Argument entgegennehmen."
+#: git-bisect.sh:283
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' can take only one argument."
+msgstr "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' kann nur ein Argument entgegennehmen."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:276
-msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a bad commit."
-msgstr "Warnung: binäre Suche nur mit einem fehlerhaften Commit"
+#: git-bisect.sh:306
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a $TERM_BAD commit."
+msgstr "Warnung: binäre Suche nur mit einem $TERM_BAD Commit."
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:282
+#: git-bisect.sh:312
 msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
 msgstr "Sind Sie sicher [Y/n]? "
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:292
+#: git-bisect.sh:324
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"You need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.\n"
-"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+"You need to give me at least one $bad_syn and one $good_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
-"Sie müssen mindestens einen korrekten und einen fehlerhaften Commit "
+"Sie müssen mindestens einen \"$bad_syn\" und einen \"$good_syn\" Commit "
 "angeben.\n"
-"(Sie können dafür \"git bisect bad\" und \"git bisect good\" benutzen.)"
+"(Sie können dafür \"git bisect $bad_syn\" und \"git bisect $good_syn\" "
+"benutzen.)"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:295
+#: git-bisect.sh:327
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
-"You then need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.\n"
-"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+"You then need to give me at least one $good_syn and one $bad_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
 "Sie müssen mit \"git bisect start\" beginnen.\n"
-"Danach müssen Sie mindestens einen korrekten und einen fehlerhaften Commit "
-"angeben.\n"
-"(Sie können dafür \"git bisect bad\" und \"git bisect good\" benutzen.)"
+"Danach müssen Sie mindestens einen \"$good_syn\" und einen \"$bad_syn\" "
+"Commit angeben.\n"
+"(Sie können dafür \"git bisect $bad_syn\" und \"git bisect $good_syn\" "
+"benutzen.)"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:366 git-bisect.sh:493
+#: git-bisect.sh:398 git-bisect.sh:512
 msgid "We are not bisecting."
 msgstr "keine binäre Suche im Gange"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:373
+#: git-bisect.sh:405
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
 msgstr "'$invalid' ist kein gültiger Commit"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:382
+#: git-bisect.sh:414
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
@@ -10700,25 +15529,29 @@ msgstr ""
 "Konnte den ursprünglichen HEAD '$branch' nicht auschecken.\n"
 "Versuchen Sie 'git bisect reset <Commit>'."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:409
+#: git-bisect.sh:422
 msgid "No logfile given"
 msgstr "Keine Log-Datei gegeben"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:410
+#: git-bisect.sh:423
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
 msgstr "kann $file nicht für das Abspielen lesen"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#: git-bisect.sh:444
 msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
 msgstr "?? Was reden Sie da?"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:439
+#: git-bisect.sh:453
+msgid "bisect run failed: no command provided."
+msgstr "'bisect run' fehlgeschlagen: kein Befehl angegeben."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:458
 #, sh-format
 msgid "running $command"
 msgstr "führe $command aus"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:446
+#: git-bisect.sh:465
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
@@ -10727,11 +15560,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "'bisect run' fehlgeschlagen:\n"
 "Rückkehrwert $res von '$command' ist < 0 oder >= 128"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:472
+#: git-bisect.sh:491
 msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
 msgstr "'bisect run' kann nicht mehr fortgesetzt werden"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:478
+#: git-bisect.sh:497
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
@@ -10740,118 +15573,124 @@ msgstr ""
 "'bisect run' fehlgeschlagen:\n"
 "'bisect_state $state' wurde mit Fehlerwert $res beendet"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:485
+#: git-bisect.sh:504
 msgid "bisect run success"
 msgstr "'bisect run' erfolgreich ausgeführt"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:21
-msgid ""
-"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
-"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
-"as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
+#: git-bisect.sh:533
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Invalid command: you're currently in a $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD bisect."
 msgstr ""
-"\"pull\" ist nicht möglich, weil Sie nicht zusammengeführte Dateien haben.\n"
-"Bitte korrigieren Sie dies im Arbeitsverzeichnis und benutzen Sie dann\n"
-"'git add/rm <Datei>', um die Auflösung entsprechend zu markieren und zu\n"
-"committen."
+"Ungültiger Befehl: Sie sind gerade bei einer binären $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD "
+"Suche."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:25
-msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
-msgstr ""
-"\"pull\" ist nicht möglich, weil Sie nicht zusammengeführte Dateien haben."
+#: git-bisect.sh:567
+msgid "no terms defined"
+msgstr "Keine Begriffe definiert."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:31
+#: git-bisect.sh:584
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
-"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+"invalid argument $arg for 'git bisect terms'.\n"
+"Supported options are: --term-good|--term-old and --term-bad|--term-new."
 msgstr ""
-"Sie haben Ihren Merge nicht abgeschlossen (MERGE_HEAD existiert).\n"
-"Bitte committen Sie Ihre Änderungen, bevor Sie \"merge\" ausführen können."
+"Ungültiges Argument $arg für 'git bisect terms'.\n"
+"Unterstützte Optionen sind: --term-good|--term-old und --term-bad|--term-new."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:245
-msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:46
+msgid ""
+"Error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by "
+"merge"
 msgstr ""
-"Aktualisiere einen ungeborenen Branch mit Änderungen, die zum Commit "
-"vorgemerkt sind"
+"Fehler: Ihre lokalen Änderungen in den folgenden Dateien würden durch den "
+"Merge\n"
+"überschrieben werden"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:61
+msgid "Automated merge did not work."
+msgstr "Automatischer Merge hat nicht funktioniert."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:269
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:62
+msgid "Should not be doing an octopus."
+msgstr "Sollte keinen Octopus-Merge ausführen."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:73
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
-"Warning: fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
-"Warning: commit $orig_head."
-msgstr ""
-"Warnung: \"fetch\" aktualisierte die Spitze des aktuellen Branches.\n"
-"Warnung: Spule Ihr Arbeitsverzeichnis von Commit $orig_head vor."
+msgid "Unable to find common commit with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Konnte keinen gemeinsamen Commit mit $pretty_name finden."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:77
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Already up to date with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Bereits aktuell mit $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding to: $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Spule vor zu: $pretty_name"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:294
-msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
-msgstr "Kann nicht mehrere Branches in einen ungeborenen Branch zusammenführen"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:97
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Trying simple merge with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Versuche einfachen Merge mit $pretty_name"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:298
-msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
-msgstr "kann Rebase nicht auf mehrere Branches ausführen"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:102
+msgid "Simple merge did not work, trying automatic merge."
+msgstr "Einfacher Merge hat nicht funktioniert, versuche automatischen Merge."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:57
+#: git-rebase.sh:60
 msgid ""
-"When you have resolved this problem, run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
-"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"git rebase --skip\" instead.\n"
-"To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run \"git rebase --abort"
-"\"."
-msgstr ""
-"Wenn Sie das Problem aufgelöst haben, führen Sie \"git rebase --continue\" "
-"aus.\n"
-"Falls Sie diesen Patch auslassen möchten, führen Sie stattdessen \"git "
-"rebase --skip\" aus.\n"
-"Um den ursprünglichen Branch wiederherzustellen und den Rebase abzubrechen,\n"
+"Resolve all conflicts manually, mark them as resolved with\n"
+"\"git add/rm <conflicted_files>\", then run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"You can instead skip this commit: run \"git rebase --skip\".\n"
+"To abort and get back to the state before \"git rebase\", run \"git rebase --"
+"abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Lösen Sie alle Konflikte manuell auf, markieren Sie diese mit\n"
+"\"git add/rm <konfliktbehaftete_Dateien>\" und führen Sie dann\n"
+"\"git rebase --continue\" aus.\n"
+"Sie können auch stattdessen diesen Commit auslassen, indem\n"
+"Sie \"git rebase --skip\" ausführen.\n"
+"Um abzubrechen und zurück zum Zustand vor \"git rebase\" zu gelangen,\n"
 "führen Sie \"git rebase --abort\" aus."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:165
+#: git-rebase.sh:163 git-rebase.sh:409
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
+msgstr "Konnte nicht zu $head_name zurückgehen"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:174
 msgid "Applied autostash."
-msgstr "\"autostash\" angewendet."
+msgstr "Automatischen Stash angewendet."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:168
+#: git-rebase.sh:177
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Cannot store $stash_sha1"
 msgstr "Kann $stash_sha1 nicht speichern."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:169
-msgid ""
-"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
-"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
-"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Anwendung von \"autostash\" resultierte in Konflikten.\n"
-"Ihre Änderungen sind im Stash sicher.\n"
-"Sie können jederzeit \"git stash pop\" oder \"git stash drop\" ausführen.\n"
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:208
+#: git-rebase.sh:218
 msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
 msgstr "Der \"pre-rebase hook\" hat den Rebase zurückgewiesen."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:213
-msgid "It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase."
-msgstr "\"git-am\" scheint im Gange zu sein. Kann Rebase nicht durchführen."
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:351
-msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
-msgstr "Die Option --exec muss mit --interactive verwendet werden."
+#: git-rebase.sh:223
+msgid "It looks like 'git am' is in progress. Cannot rebase."
+msgstr "'git-am' scheint im Gange zu sein. Kann Rebase nicht durchführen."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:356
+#: git-rebase.sh:370
 msgid "No rebase in progress?"
 msgstr "Kein Rebase im Gange?"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:367
+#: git-rebase.sh:381
 msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
 msgstr ""
 "Die --edit-todo Aktion kann nur während eines interaktiven Rebase verwendet "
 "werden."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:374
+#: git-rebase.sh:388
 msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
 msgstr "Kann HEAD nicht lesen"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:377
+#: git-rebase.sh:391
 msgid ""
 "You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
 "mark them as resolved using git add"
@@ -10859,12 +15698,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Sie müssen alle Merge-Konflikte editieren und diese dann\n"
 "mittels \"git add\" als aufgelöst markieren"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:395
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
-msgstr "Konnte nicht zu $head_name zurückgehen"
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:414
+#: git-rebase.sh:435
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
@@ -10882,246 +15716,256 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
 "Wenn das nicht der Fall ist, probieren Sie bitte\n"
 "\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
-"und führen Sie dieses Kommando nochmal aus. Es wird angehalten, falls noch\n"
+"und führen Sie diesen Befehl nochmal aus. Es wird angehalten, falls noch\n"
 "etwas Schützenswertes vorhanden ist."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:465
+#: git-rebase.sh:491
 #, sh-format
-msgid "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
-msgstr "ungültiger Upstream-Branch $upstream_name"
+msgid "invalid upstream '$upstream_name'"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Upstream-Branch '$upstream_name'."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:489
+#: git-rebase.sh:515
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
 msgstr "$onto_name: es gibt mehr als eine Merge-Basis"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:492 git-rebase.sh:496
+#: git-rebase.sh:518 git-rebase.sh:522
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
 msgstr "$onto_name: es gibt keine Merge-Basis"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:501
+#: git-rebase.sh:527
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
 msgstr "$onto_name zeigt auf keinen gültigen Commit"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:524
+#: git-rebase.sh:553
 #, sh-format
-msgid "fatal: no such branch: $branch_name"
-msgstr "fatal: Branch $branch_name nicht gefunden"
+msgid "fatal: no such branch/commit '$branch_name'"
+msgstr "fatal: Branch/Commit '$branch_name' nicht gefunden"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:557
+#: git-rebase.sh:586
 msgid "Cannot autostash"
-msgstr "Kann \"autostash\" nicht ausführen."
+msgstr "Kann automatischen Stash nicht erzeugen."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:562
+#: git-rebase.sh:591
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Created autostash: $stash_abbrev"
-msgstr "\"autostash\" erzeugt: $stash_abbrev"
+msgstr "Automatischen Stash erzeugt: $stash_abbrev"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:566
+#: git-rebase.sh:595
 msgid "Please commit or stash them."
 msgstr "Bitte committen Sie die Änderungen oder benutzen Sie \"stash\"."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:586
+#: git-rebase.sh:618
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date."
+msgstr "HEAD ist aktuell."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:620
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
 msgstr "Aktueller Branch $branch_name ist auf dem neuesten Stand."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:590
+#: git-rebase.sh:628
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr "HEAD ist aktuell, Rebase erzwungen."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:630
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
 msgstr ""
 "Aktueller Branch $branch_name ist auf dem neuesten Stand, Rebase erzwungen."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:601
+#: git-rebase.sh:642
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
 msgstr "Änderungen von $mb zu $onto:"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:610
+#: git-rebase.sh:651
 msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
 msgstr ""
 "Zunächst wird der Branch zurückgespult, um Ihre Änderungen\n"
-"darauf neu anzuwenden..."
+"darauf neu anzuwenden ..."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:620
+#: git-rebase.sh:661
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
 msgstr "$branch_name zu $onto_name vorgespult."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:51
+#: git-stash.sh:61
 msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
 msgstr "git stash clear mit Parametern ist nicht implementiert"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:74
+#: git-stash.sh:108
 msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
 msgstr "Sie haben bisher noch keinen initialen Commit"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:89
+#: git-stash.sh:123
 msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
-msgstr "Kann den aktuellen Zustand der Staging-Area nicht speichern"
+msgstr "Kann den aktuellen Zustand des Index nicht speichern"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:138
+msgid "Cannot save the untracked files"
+msgstr "Kann die unversionierten Dateien nicht speichern"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:124 git-stash.sh:137
+#: git-stash.sh:158 git-stash.sh:171
 msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
 msgstr "Kann den aktuellen Zustand des Arbeitsverzeichnisses nicht speichern"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:141
+#: git-stash.sh:175
 msgid "No changes selected"
 msgstr "Keine Änderungen ausgewählt"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:144
+#: git-stash.sh:178
 msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
-msgstr "Kann temporäre Staging-Area nicht löschen (kann nicht passieren)"
+msgstr "Kann temporären Index nicht löschen (kann nicht passieren)"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:157
+#: git-stash.sh:191
 msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
 msgstr "Kann Zustand des Arbeitsverzeichnisses nicht aufzeichnen"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:191
+#: git-stash.sh:229
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Cannot update $ref_stash with $w_commit"
 msgstr "Kann $ref_stash nicht mit $w_commit aktualisieren."
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: $option is an invalid option, like
-#. `--blah-blah'. The 7 spaces at the beginning of the
-#. second line correspond to "error: ". So you should line
-#. up the second line with however many characters the
-#. translation of "error: " takes in your language. E.g. in
-#. English this is:
-#.
-#. $ git stash save --blah-blah 2>&1 | head -n 2
-#. error: unknown option for 'stash save': --blah-blah
-#. To provide a message, use git stash save -- '--blah-blah'
-#: git-stash.sh:238
+#: git-stash.sh:281
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
-"       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
+msgid "error: unknown option for 'stash push': $option"
+msgstr "Fehler: unbekannte Option für 'stash push': $option"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:295
+msgid "Can't use --patch and --include-untracked or --all at the same time"
 msgstr ""
-"Fehler: unbekannte Option für 'stash save': $option\n"
-"        Um eine Beschreibung anzugeben, benutzen Sie \"git stash save -- "
-"'$option'\""
+"Kann nicht gleichzeitig --patch und --include-untracked oder --all verwenden"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:259
+#: git-stash.sh:303
 msgid "No local changes to save"
 msgstr "Keine lokalen Änderungen zum Speichern"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:263
+#: git-stash.sh:308
 msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
 msgstr "Kann \"stash\" nicht initialisieren"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:267
+#: git-stash.sh:312
 msgid "Cannot save the current status"
 msgstr "Kann den aktuellen Status nicht speichern"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:285
+#: git-stash.sh:313
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Saved working directory and index state $stash_msg"
+msgstr "Speicherte Arbeitsverzeichnis und Index-Status $stash_msg"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:340
 msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
 msgstr "Kann Änderungen im Arbeitsverzeichnis nicht löschen"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:384
-msgid "No stash found."
-msgstr "Kein \"stash\" gefunden."
+#: git-stash.sh:488
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unknown option: $opt"
+msgstr "unbekannte Option: $opt"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:501
+msgid "No stash entries found."
+msgstr "Keine Stash-Einträge gefunden."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:391
+#: git-stash.sh:508
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
 msgstr "Zu viele Commits angegeben: $REV"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:397
+#: git-stash.sh:523
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$reference is not a valid reference"
 msgstr "$reference ist keine gültige Referenz"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:425
+#: git-stash.sh:551
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
 msgstr "'$args' ist kein \"stash\"-artiger Commit"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:436
+#: git-stash.sh:562
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
 msgstr "'$args' ist keine \"stash\"-Referenz"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:444
+#: git-stash.sh:570
 msgid "unable to refresh index"
-msgstr "unfähig die Staging-Area zu aktualisieren"
+msgstr "Konnte den Index nicht aktualisieren."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:448
+#: git-stash.sh:574
 msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
-msgstr "Kann \"stash\" nicht anwenden, solang ein Merge im Gange ist"
+msgstr "Kann \"stash\" nicht anwenden, solange ein Merge im Gange ist"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:456
+#: git-stash.sh:582
 msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
-msgstr "Konflikte in der Staging-Area. Versuchen Sie es ohne --index."
+msgstr "Konflikte im Index. Versuchen Sie es ohne --index."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:458
+#: git-stash.sh:584
 msgid "Could not save index tree"
-msgstr "Konnte Staging-Area-Verzeichnis nicht speichern"
+msgstr "Konnte Index-Verzeichnis nicht speichern"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:593
+msgid "Could not restore untracked files from stash entry"
+msgstr ""
+"Konnte unversionierte Dateien vom Stash-Eintrag nicht wiederherstellen."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:492
+#: git-stash.sh:618
 msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
-msgstr "Kann geänderte Dateien nicht aus der Staging-Area entfernen"
+msgstr "Kann geänderte Dateien nicht aus dem Index entfernen"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:507
+#: git-stash.sh:633
 msgid "Index was not unstashed."
-msgstr "Staging-Area wurde nicht aus dem Stash zurückgeladen."
+msgstr "Index wurde nicht aus dem Stash zurückgeladen."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:647
+msgid "The stash entry is kept in case you need it again."
+msgstr ""
+"Der Stash-Eintrag wird für den Fall behalten, dass Sie diesen nochmal "
+"benötigen."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:530
+#: git-stash.sh:656
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
-msgstr "Gelöscht ${REV} ($s)"
+msgstr "${REV} ($s) gelöscht"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:531
+#: git-stash.sh:657
 #, sh-format
 msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
 msgstr "${REV}: Konnte \"stash\"-Eintrag nicht löschen"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:539
+#: git-stash.sh:665
 msgid "No branch name specified"
 msgstr "Kein Branchname spezifiziert"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:611
+#: git-stash.sh:744
 msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
 msgstr "(Zur Wiederherstellung geben Sie \"git stash apply\" ein)"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:95
-#, sh-format
-msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
-msgstr "Kann eine Komponente von URL '$remoteurl' nicht extrahieren"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:237
-#, sh-format
-msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Keine Submodul-Zuordnung in .gitmodules für Pfad '$sm_path' gefunden"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:287
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
-msgstr "Klonen von '$url' in Submodul-Pfad '$sm_path' fehlgeschlagen"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:296
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
-msgstr "Git-Verzeichnis '$a' ist Teil des Submodul-Pfades '$b', oder umgekehrt"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:406
+#: git-submodule.sh:181
 msgid "Relative path can only be used from the toplevel of the working tree"
 msgstr ""
 "Relative Pfade können nur von der obersten Ebene des Arbeitsverzeichnisses "
 "benutzt werden."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:416
+#: git-submodule.sh:191
 #, sh-format
 msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
 msgstr "repo URL: '$repo' muss absolut sein oder mit ./|../ beginnen"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:433
+#: git-submodule.sh:210
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
 msgstr "'$sm_path' ist bereits zum Commit vorgemerkt"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:437
+#: git-submodule.sh:213
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index and is not a submodule"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' ist bereits zum Commit vorgemerkt und ist kein Submodul"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:219
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
@@ -11132,653 +15976,1837 @@ msgstr ""
 "$sm_path\n"
 "Benutzen Sie -f wenn Sie diesen wirklich hinzufügen möchten."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:455
+#: git-submodule.sh:237
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
-msgstr "Füge existierendes Repository in '$sm_path' der Staging-Area hinzu."
+msgstr "Füge existierendes Repository in '$sm_path' dem Index hinzu."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:457
+#: git-submodule.sh:239
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
 msgstr "'$sm_path' existiert bereits und ist kein gültiges Git-Repository"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:465
+#: git-submodule.sh:247
 #, sh-format
 msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
 msgstr ""
 "Ein Git-Verzeichnis für '$sm_name' wurde lokal gefunden mit den Remote-"
 "Repositories:"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:467
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from"
-msgstr ""
-"Wenn Sie dieses lokale Git-Verzeichnis wiederverwenden möchtest, anstatt "
-"erneut zu klonen"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:469
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo"
-msgstr ""
-"benutzen Sie die Option '--force'. Wenn das lokale Git-Verzeichnis nicht das "
-"korrekte Repository ist"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:470
+#: git-submodule.sh:249
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
+"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct "
+"repo\n"
 "or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
 "option."
 msgstr ""
-"oder Sie sich unsicher sind, was das bedeutet, wählen Sie einen anderen "
-"Namenmit der Option '--name'."
+"Wenn Sie das lokale Git-Verzeichnis wiederverwenden wollen, anstatt erneut "
+"von\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"zu klonen, benutzen Sie die Option '--force'. Wenn das lokale Git-"
+"Verzeichnis\n"
+"nicht das korrekte Repository ist oder Sie unsicher sind, was das bedeutet,\n"
+"wählen Sie einen anderen Namen mit der Option '--name'."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:472
+#: git-submodule.sh:255
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
 msgstr "Reaktiviere lokales Git-Verzeichnis für Submodul '$sm_name'."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:484
+#: git-submodule.sh:267
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Kann Submodul '$sm_path' nicht auschecken"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:489
+#: git-submodule.sh:272
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Hinzufügen von Submodul '$sm_path' fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:498
+#: git-submodule.sh:281
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Eintragen von Submodul '$sm_path' in die Konfiguration."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:542
+#: git-submodule.sh:342
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Entering '$prefix$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Betrete '$prefix$displaypath'"
+msgid "Entering '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Betrete '$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:562
+#: git-submodule.sh:362
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Stopping at '$prefix$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
-msgstr "Stoppe bei '$prefix$displaypath'; Skript gab nicht-Null Status zurück."
+msgid "Stopping at '$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgstr "Stoppe bei '$displaypath'; Skript gab nicht-Null Status zurück."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:608
+#: git-submodule.sh:584
 #, sh-format
-msgid "No url found for submodule path '$displaypath' in .gitmodules"
-msgstr "Keine URL für Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath' in .gitmodules gefunden"
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Konnte aktuellen Commit in Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath' nicht finden."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:617
+#: git-submodule.sh:594
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Konnte \"fetch\" in Submodul-Pfad '$sm_path' nicht ausführen"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:599
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid ""
+"Unable to find current ${remote_name}/${branch} revision in submodule path "
+"'$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
-"Fehler beim Eintragen der URL für Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath' in die "
-"Konfiguration."
+"Konnte aktuellen Commit von ${remote_name}/${branch} in Submodul-Pfad\n"
+"'$sm_path' nicht finden."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:617
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Konnte \"fetch\" in Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath' nicht ausführen"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:619
+#: git-submodule.sh:623
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$displaypath'"
+msgid ""
+"Fetched in submodule path '$displaypath', but it did not contain $sha1. "
+"Direct fetching of that commit failed."
 msgstr ""
-"Submodul '$name' ($url) für Pfad '$displaypath' in die Konfiguration "
-"eingetragen."
+"\"fetch\" in Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath' ausgeführt, aber $sha1 nicht\n"
+"enthalten. Direktes Anfordern dieses Commits ist fehlgeschlagen."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:630
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Konnte '$sha1' in Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath' nicht auschecken."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:631
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Submodul-Pfad: '$displaypath': '$sha1' ausgecheckt"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:635
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Rebase auf '$sha1' in Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath' nicht möglich"
 
 #: git-submodule.sh:636
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath': Rebase auf '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:641
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Merge von '$sha1' in Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath' fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:642
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath': zusammengeführt in '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:647
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
-"Fehler bei Änderung des Aktualisierungsmodus für Submodul-Pfad "
-"'$displaypath' in der Konfiguration."
+"Ausführung von '$command $sha1' in Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath' "
+"fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:674
+#: git-submodule.sh:648
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Use '.' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': '$command $sha1'"
+msgstr "Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath': '$command $sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:679
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Fehler bei Rekursion in Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:775
+msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
 msgstr ""
-"Verwenden Sie '.' wenn Sie wirklich alle Submodule\n"
-"deinitialisieren möchten."
+"Die Optionen --cached und --files können nicht gemeinsam verwendet werden."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:827
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
+msgstr "unerwarteter Modus $mod_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:691
+#: git-submodule.sh:847
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains a .git directory"
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgstr "  Warnung: $display_name beinhaltet nicht Commit $sha1_src"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:850
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  Warnung: $display_name beinhaltet nicht Commit $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:853
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
 msgstr ""
-"Arbeitsverzeichnis des Submoduls in '$displaypath' enthält ein .git-"
-"Verzeichnis"
+"  Warnung: $display_name beinhaltet nicht die Commits $sha1_src und $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "See git-${cmd}(1) for details."
+msgstr "Siehe git-${cmd}(1) für weitere Details."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:692
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:140
 #, sh-format
+msgid "Rebasing ($new_count/$total)"
+msgstr "Führe Rebase aus ($new_count/$total)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:156
 msgid ""
-"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+"\n"
+"Commands:\n"
+"p, pick = use commit\n"
+"r, reword = use commit, but edit the commit message\n"
+"e, edit = use commit, but stop for amending\n"
+"s, squash = use commit, but meld into previous commit\n"
+"f, fixup = like \"squash\", but discard this commit's log message\n"
+"x, exec = run command (the rest of the line) using shell\n"
+"d, drop = remove commit\n"
+"\n"
+"These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"(benutzen Sie 'rm -rf' wenn Sie dieses Submodul wirklich mitsamt\n"
-"seiner Historie löschen möchten)"
+"\n"
+"Befehle:\n"
+"p, pick = Commit verwenden\n"
+"r, reword = Commit verwenden, aber Commit-Beschreibung bearbeiten\n"
+"e, edit = Commit verwenden, aber zum Nachbessern anhalten\n"
+"s, squash = Commit verwenden, aber mit vorherigem Commit vereinen\n"
+"f, fixup = wie \"squash\", aber diese Commit-Beschreibung verwerfen\n"
+"x, exec = Befehl (Rest der Zeile) mittels Shell ausführen\n"
+"d, drop = Commit entfernen\n"
+"\n"
+"Diese Zeilen können umsortiert werden; Sie werden von oben nach unten\n"
+"ausgeführt.\n"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:698
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:171
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Do not remove any line. Use 'drop' explicitly to remove a commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Keine Zeile entfernen. Benutzen Sie 'drop', um explizit einen Commit zu\n"
+"entfernen.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:175
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Wenn Sie hier eine Zeile entfernen, wird DIESER COMMIT VERLOREN GEHEN.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:213
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains local modifications; use '-f' to "
-"discard them"
+"You can amend the commit now, with\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Once you are satisfied with your changes, run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 msgstr ""
-"Arbeitsverzeichnis von Submodul in '$displaypath' enthält lokale Änderungen; "
-"verwenden Sie '-f', um diese zu verwerfen"
+"Sie können den Commit nun nachbessern mit:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Sobald Sie mit Ihren Änderungen zufrieden sind, führen Sie aus:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:701
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:238
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Cleared directory '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Verzeichnis '$displaypath' bereinigt."
+msgid "$sha1: not a commit that can be picked"
+msgstr "$sha1: kein Commit der gepickt werden kann"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:702
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:277
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '$displaypath'"
-msgstr ""
-"Konnte Arbeitsverzeichnis des Submoduls in '$displaypath' nicht löschen."
+msgid "Invalid commit name: $sha1"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Commit-Name: $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:319
+msgid "Cannot write current commit's replacement sha1"
+msgstr "Kann ersetzenden SHA-1 des aktuellen Commits nicht schreiben"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:705
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:371
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Could not create empty submodule directory '$displaypath'"
-msgstr ""
-"Konnte kein leeres Verzeichnis für Submodul in '$displaypath' erstellen."
+msgid "Fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "Spule vor zu $sha1"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:714
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:373
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr ""
-"Submodul '$name' ($url) für Pfad '$displaypath' wurde aus der Konfiguration "
-"entfernt."
+msgid "Cannot fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "Kann nicht zu $sha1 vorspulen"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:830
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:382
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Submodule path '$displaypath' not initialized\n"
-"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
-msgstr ""
-"Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath' ist nicht initialisiert.\n"
-"Vielleicht möchten Sie 'update --init' benutzen?"
+msgid "Cannot move HEAD to $first_parent"
+msgstr "Kann HEAD nicht auf $first_parent setzen"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:387
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Konnte aktuellen Commit in Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath' nicht finden."
+msgid "Refusing to squash a merge: $sha1"
+msgstr "\"squash\" eines Merges ($sha1) zurückgewiesen."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:852
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:405
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Konnte \"fetch\" in Submodul-Pfad '$sm_path' nicht ausführen"
+msgid "Error redoing merge $sha1"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Wiederholen des Merges von $sha1"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:876
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:414
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Konnte \"fetch\" in Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath' nicht ausführen"
+msgid "Could not pick $sha1"
+msgstr "Konnte $sha1 nicht picken"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:890
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:423
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Konnte '$sha1' in Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath' nicht auschecken."
+msgid "This is the commit message #${n}:"
+msgstr "Das ist Commit-Beschreibung #${n}:"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:891
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:428
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': checked out '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Submodul-Pfad: '$displaypath': '$sha1' ausgecheckt"
+msgid "The commit message #${n} will be skipped:"
+msgstr "Commit-Beschreibung #${n} wird ausgelassen:"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:895
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:439
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Rebase auf '$sha1' in Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath' nicht möglich"
+msgid "This is a combination of $count commit."
+msgid_plural "This is a combination of $count commits."
+msgstr[0] "Das ist eine Kombination aus $count Commit."
+msgstr[1] "Das ist eine Kombination aus $count Commits."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:896
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:448
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': rebased into '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath': Rebase auf '$sha1'"
+msgid "Cannot write $fixup_msg"
+msgstr "Kann $fixup_msg nicht schreiben"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:901
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:451
+msgid "This is a combination of 2 commits."
+msgstr "Das ist eine Kombination aus 2 Commits."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:492 git-rebase--interactive.sh:535
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:538
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Merge von '$sha1' in Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath' fehlgeschlagen"
+msgid "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
+msgstr "Konnte $sha1... ($rest) nicht anwenden"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:902
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:567
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': merged in '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath': zusammengeführt in '$sha1'"
+msgid ""
+"Could not amend commit after successfully picking $sha1... $rest\n"
+"This is most likely due to an empty commit message, or the pre-commit hook\n"
+"failed. If the pre-commit hook failed, you may need to resolve the issue "
+"before\n"
+"you are able to reword the commit."
+msgstr ""
+"Konnte Commit nicht nachbessern, nachdem dieser verwendet wurde: $sha1... "
+"$rest\n"
+"Das passierte sehr wahrscheinlich wegen einer leeren Commit-Beschreibung, "
+"oder\n"
+"weil der pre-commit Hook fehlschlug. Falls der pre-commit Hook fehlschlug,\n"
+"sollten Sie das Problem beheben, bevor Sie die Commit-Beschreibung ändern "
+"können."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:582
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopped at $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+msgstr "Angehalten bei $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:597
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot '$squash_style' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "Kann nicht '$squash_style' ohne vorherigen Commit"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:639
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Executing: $rest"
+msgstr "Führe aus: $rest"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:907
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:647
 #, sh-format
+msgid "Execution failed: $rest"
+msgstr "Ausführung fehlgeschlagen: $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:649
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree"
+msgstr "Der Index und/oder das Arbeitsverzeichnis wurde geändert."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:651
 msgid ""
-"Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule  path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+"You can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 msgstr ""
-"Ausführung von '$command $sha1' in Submodul-Pfad '$prefix$sm_path' "
-"fehlgeschlagen"
+"Sie können das Problem beheben, und dann\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+"ausführen."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:908
+#. TRANSLATORS: after these lines is a command to be issued by the user
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:664
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': '$command $sha1'"
-msgstr "Submodul-Pfad '$prefix$sm_path': '$command $sha1'"
+msgid ""
+"Execution succeeded: $rest\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"Ausführung erfolgreich: $rest\n"
+"Aber Änderungen in Index oder Arbeitsverzeichnis verblieben.\n"
+"Committen Sie Ihre Änderungen oder benutzen Sie \"stash\".\n"
+"Führen Sie dann aus:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:938
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:675
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Fehler bei Rekursion in Submodul-Pfad '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Unknown command: $command $sha1 $rest"
+msgstr "Unbekannter Befehl: $command $sha1 $rest"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1046
-msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:676
+msgid "Please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "Bitte beheben Sie das, indem Sie 'git rebase --edit-todo' ausführen."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:711
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Successfully rebased and updated $head_name."
+msgstr "Erfolgreich Rebase ausgeführt und $head_name aktualisiert."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:735
+msgid "could not detach HEAD"
+msgstr "Konnte HEAD nicht loslösen"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:771
+msgid "Could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "Konnte CHERRY_PICK_HEAD nicht löschen"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:776
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You have staged changes in your working tree.\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be\n"
+"squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Die Optionen --cached und --files können nicht gemeinsam verwendet werden."
+"Es befinden sich zum Commit vorgemerkte Änderungen in Ihrem "
+"Arbeitsverzeichnis.\n"
+"Wenn diese Änderungen in den vorherigen Commit aufgenommen werden sollen,\n"
+"führen Sie aus:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Wenn daraus ein neuer Commit erzeugt werden soll, führen Sie aus:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Im Anschluss führen Sie zum Fortfahren aus:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:793
+msgid "Error trying to find the author identity to amend commit"
+msgstr ""
+"Fehler beim Versuch die Identität des Authors zum Verbessern des Commits zu\n"
+"finden"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:798
+msgid ""
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+"Sie haben nicht committete Änderungen in Ihrem Arbeitsverzeichnis. Bitte\n"
+"committen Sie diese zuerst und führen Sie dann 'git rebase --continue' "
+"erneut\n"
+"aus."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:803 git-rebase--interactive.sh:807
+msgid "Could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "Konnte Änderungen aus der Staging-Area nicht committen."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:836
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.\n"
+"To continue rebase after editing, run:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Sie bearbeiten gerade die TODO-Datei eines laufenden interaktiven Rebase.\n"
+"Um den Rebase nach dem Editieren fortzusetzen, führen Sie aus:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1098
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:844 git-rebase--interactive.sh:1008
+msgid "Could not execute editor"
+msgstr "Konnte Editor nicht ausführen."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:860
 #, sh-format
-msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
-msgstr "unerwarteter Modus $mod_dst"
+msgid "Could not checkout $switch_to"
+msgstr "Konnte $switch_to nicht auschecken."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:865
+msgid "No HEAD?"
+msgstr "Kein HEAD?"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1118
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:866
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
-msgstr "  Warnung: $display_name beinhaltet nicht Commit $sha1_src"
+msgid "Could not create temporary $state_dir"
+msgstr "Konnte temporäres Verzeichnis $state_dir nicht erstellen."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1121
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:869
+msgid "Could not mark as interactive"
+msgstr "Konnte nicht als interaktiven Rebase markieren."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:879 git-rebase--interactive.sh:884
+msgid "Could not init rewritten commits"
+msgstr "Konnte neu geschriebene Commits nicht initialisieren."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:910
+msgid "Could not generate todo list"
+msgstr "Konnte TODO-Liste nicht erzeugen."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:986
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
-msgstr "  Warnung: $display_name beinhaltet nicht Commit $sha1_dst"
+msgid "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount command)"
+msgid_plural "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount commands)"
+msgstr[0] "Rebase von $shortrevisions auf $shortonto ($todocount Kommando)"
+msgstr[1] "Rebase von $shortrevisions auf $shortonto ($todocount Kommandos)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:991
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"However, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Wenn Sie jedoch alles löschen, wird der Rebase abgebrochen.\n"
+"\n"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1124
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:998
+msgid "Note that empty commits are commented out"
+msgstr "Leere Commits sind auskommentiert."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:89 git-sh-setup.sh:94
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgid "usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+msgstr "Verwendung: $dashless $USAGE"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:190
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot chdir to $cdup, the toplevel of the working tree"
 msgstr ""
-"  Warnung: $display_name beinhaltet nicht die Commits $sha1_src und $sha1_dst"
+"Konnte nicht in Verzeichnis $cdup wechseln, der obersten Ebene des\n"
+"Arbeitsverzeichnisses."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1149
-msgid "blob"
-msgstr "Blob"
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:199 git-sh-setup.sh:206
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: $program_name cannot be used without a working tree."
+msgstr ""
+"fatal: $program_name kann ohne ein Arbeitsverzeichnis nicht verwendet werden."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:220
+msgid "Cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Rebase nicht möglich: Sie haben Änderungen, die nicht zum Commit vorgemerkt "
+"sind."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:223
+msgid "Cannot rewrite branches: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Kann Branches nicht neu schreiben: Sie haben Änderungen, die nicht zum "
+"Commit\n"
+"vorgemerkt sind."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:226
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Kann \"pull\" mit \"rebase\" nicht ausführen: Sie haben Änderungen, die "
+"nicht zum Commit vorgemerkt sind."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1267
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:229
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Fehler bei Rekursion in Submodul-Pfad '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Cannot $action: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Kann $action nicht ausführen: Sie haben Änderungen, die nicht zum Commit\n"
+"vorgemerkt sind."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1331
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:242
+msgid "Cannot rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Rebase nicht möglich: Die Staging-Area beinhaltet nicht committete "
+"Änderungen."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:245
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Kann \"pull\" mit \"rebase\" nicht ausführen: Die Staging-Area beinhaltet "
+"nicht committete Änderungen."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:248
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Synchronisiere Submodul-URL für '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Cannot $action: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Kann $action nicht ausführen: Die Staging-Area beinhaltet nicht committete\n"
+"Änderungen."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:252
+msgid "Additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "Zusätzlich beinhaltet die Staging-Area nicht committete Änderungen."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:372
+msgid "You need to run this command from the toplevel of the working tree."
+msgstr ""
+"Sie müssen den Befehl von der obersten Ebene des Arbeitsverzeichnisses "
+"ausführen."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:377
+msgid "Unable to determine absolute path of git directory"
+msgstr "Konnte absoluten Pfad des Git-Verzeichnisses nicht bestimmen."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: you can adjust this to align "git add -i" status menu
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:196
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%12s %12s %s"
+msgstr "%28s %25s %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "staged"
+msgstr "zur Staging-Area hinzugefügt"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "unstaged"
+msgstr "aus Staging-Area entfernt"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:246 git-add--interactive.perl:271
+msgid "binary"
+msgstr "Binär"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:255 git-add--interactive.perl:309
+msgid "nothing"
+msgstr "Nichts"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:291 git-add--interactive.perl:306
+msgid "unchanged"
+msgstr "unverändert"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:602
+#, perl-format
+msgid "added %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "added %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d Pfad hinzugefügt\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d Pfade hinzugefügt\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:605
+#, perl-format
+msgid "updated %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "updated %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d Pfad aktualisiert\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d Pfade aktualisiert\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:608
+#, perl-format
+msgid "reverted %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "reverted %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d Pfad wiederhergestellt\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d Pfade wiederhergestellt\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:611
+#, perl-format
+msgid "touched %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "touched %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d Pfad angefasst\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d Pfade angefasst\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:620
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "Aktualisieren"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:632
+msgid "Revert"
+msgstr "Revert"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:655
+#, perl-format
+msgid "note: %s is untracked now.\n"
+msgstr "Hinweis: %s ist nun unversioniert.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:666
+msgid "Add untracked"
+msgstr "unversionierte Dateien hinzufügen"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:672
+msgid "No untracked files.\n"
+msgstr "Keine unversionierten Dateien.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1026
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for staging."
+msgstr ""
+"Wenn der Patch sauber angewendet werden kann, wird der bearbeitete Patch-"
+"Block\n"
+"direkt als zum Hinzufügen zur Staging-Area markiert."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1029
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for stashing."
+msgstr ""
+"Wenn der Patch sauber angewendet werden kann, wird der bearbeitete Patch-"
+"Block\n"
+"direkt als zum Hinzufügen zum Stash markiert."
 
-#~ msgid "no files added"
-#~ msgstr "keine Dateien hinzugefügt"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1032
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for unstaging."
+msgstr ""
+"Wenn der Patch sauber angewendet werden kann, wird der bearbeitete Patch-"
+"Block\n"
+"direkt als zum Entfernen aus der Staging-Area markiert."
 
-#~ msgid "force creation (when already exists)"
-#~ msgstr "Branch auch erzeugen, wenn dieser bereits existiert"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1035 git-add--interactive.perl:1044
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for applying."
+msgstr ""
+"Wenn der Patch sauber angewendet werden kann, wird der bearbeitete Patch-"
+"Block\n"
+"direkt als zum Anwenden markiert."
 
-#~ msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
-#~ msgstr "Fehlerhafter Ident-String: '%s'"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1038 git-add--interactive.perl:1041
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for discarding."
+msgstr ""
+"Wenn der Patch sauber angewendet werden kann, wird der bearbeitete Patch-"
+"Block\n"
+"direkt als zum Verwerfen markiert."
 
-#~ msgid "slot"
-#~ msgstr "Slot"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1078
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for writing: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Fehler beim Öffnen von Editier-Datei eines Patch-Blocks zum Schreiben: %s"
 
-#~ msgid "check"
-#~ msgstr "check|on-demand"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1079
+msgid "Manual hunk edit mode -- see bottom for a quick guide.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Manueller Editiermodus für Patch-Blöcke -- siehe nach unten für eine\n"
+"Kurzanleitung.\n"
 
-#~ msgid "Failed to lock ref for update"
-#~ msgstr "Fehler beim Sperren der Referenz zur Aktualisierung."
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1085
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"---\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, delete them.\n"
+"Lines starting with %s will be removed.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"---\n"
+"Um '%s' Zeilen zu entfernen, machen Sie aus diesen ' ' Zeilen (Kontext).\n"
+"Um '%s' Zeilen zu entfernen, löschen Sie diese.\n"
+"Zeilen, die mit %s beginnen, werden entfernt.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: 'it' refers to the patch mentioned in the previous messages.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1093
+msgid ""
+"If it does not apply cleanly, you will be given an opportunity to\n"
+"edit again.  If all lines of the hunk are removed, then the edit is\n"
+"aborted and the hunk is left unchanged.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Wenn das nicht sauber angewendet werden kann, haben Sie die Möglichkeit\n"
+"einer erneuten Bearbeitung. Wenn alle Zeilen des Patch-Blocks entfernt "
+"werden,\n"
+"wird die Bearbeitung abgebrochen und der Patch-Block bleibt unverändert.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1107
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for reading: %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Öffnen von Editier-Datei eines Patch-Blocks zum Lesen: %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: do not translate [y/n]
+#. The program will only accept that input
+#. at this point.
+#. Consider translating (saying "no" discards!) as
+#. (saying "n" for "no" discards!) if the translation
+#. of the word "no" does not start with n.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1206
+msgid ""
+"Your edited hunk does not apply. Edit again (saying \"no\" discards!) [y/n]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Ihr bearbeiteter Patch-Block kann nicht angewendet werden.\n"
+"Erneut bearbeiten? (\"n\" verwirft Bearbeitung!) [y/n]?"
 
-#~ msgid "Failed to write ref"
-#~ msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben der Referenz."
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1215
+msgid ""
+"y - stage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - diesen Patch-Block zum Commit vormerken\n"
+"n - diesen Patch-Block nicht zum Commit vormerken\n"
+"q - Beenden; diesen oder alle verbleibenden Patch-Blöcke nicht zum Commit "
+"vormerken\n"
+"a - diesen und alle weiteren Patch-Blöcke dieser Datei zum Commit vormerken\n"
+"d - diesen oder alle weiteren Patch-Blöcke in dieser Datei nicht zum Commit "
+"vormerken"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1221
+msgid ""
+"y - stash this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stash this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stash this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stash this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stash this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - diesen Patch-Block stashen\n"
+"n - diesen Patch-Block nicht stashen\n"
+"q - Beenden; diesen oder alle verbleibenden Patch-Blöcke nicht stashen\n"
+"a - diesen und alle weiteren Patch-Blöcke dieser Datei stashen\n"
+"d - diesen oder alle weiteren Patch-Blöcke dieser Datei nicht stashen"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1227
+msgid ""
+"y - unstage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not unstage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not unstage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - unstage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not unstage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - diesen Patch-Block unstashen\n"
+"n - diesen Patch-Block nicht unstashen\n"
+"q - Beenden; diesen oder alle verbleibenden Patch-Blöcke nicht unstashen\n"
+"a - diesen und alle weiteren Patch-Blöcke dieser Datei unstashen\n"
+"d - diesen oder alle weiteren Patch-Blöcke dieser Datei nicht unstashen"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1233
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - diesen Patch-Block auf den Index anwenden\n"
+"n - diesen Patch-Block nicht auf den Index anwenden\n"
+"q - Beenden; diesen oder alle verbleibenden Patch-Blöcke nicht auf den Index "
+"anwenden\n"
+"a - diesen und alle weiteren Patch-Blöcke dieser Datei auf den Index "
+"anwenden\n"
+"d - diesen oder alle weiteren Patch-Blöcke dieser Datei nicht auf den Index "
+"anwenden"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1239
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - diesen Patch-Block im Arbeitsverzeichnis verwerfen\n"
+"n - diesen Patch-Block im Arbeitsverzeichnis nicht verwerfen\n"
+"q - Beenden; diesen oder alle verbleibenden Patch-Blöcke nicht im "
+"Arbeitsverzeichnis verwerfen\n"
+"a - diesen und alle weiteren Patch-Blöcke dieser Datei im Arbeitsverzeichnis "
+"verwerfen\n"
+"d - diesen oder alle weiteren Patch-Blöcke dieser Datei nicht im "
+"Arbeitsverzeichnis verwerfen"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1245
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - diesen Patch-Block im Index und Arbeitsverzeichnis verwerfen\n"
+"n - diesen Patch-Block nicht im Index und Arbeitsverzeichnis verwerfen\n"
+"q - Beenden; diesen oder alle verbleibenden Patch-Blöcke nicht im Index und "
+"Arbeitsverzeichnis verwerfen\n"
+"a - diesen und alle weiteren Patch-Blöcke in der Datei verwerfen\n"
+"d - diesen oder alle weiteren Patch-Blöcke in der Datei nicht verwerfen"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1251
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - diesen Patch-Block im Index und auf Arbeitsverzeichnis anwenden\n"
+"n - diesen Patch-Block nicht im Index und auf Arbeitsverzeichnis anwenden\n"
+"q - Beenden; diesen oder alle verbleibenden Patch-Blöcke nicht anwenden\n"
+"a - diesen und alle weiteren Patch-Blöcke in der Datei anwenden\n"
+"d - diesen oder alle weiteren Patch-Blöcke in der Datei nicht anwenden"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1266
+msgid ""
+"g - select a hunk to go to\n"
+"/ - search for a hunk matching the given regex\n"
+"j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk\n"
+"J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk\n"
+"k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk\n"
+"K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk\n"
+"s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks\n"
+"e - manually edit the current hunk\n"
+"? - print help\n"
+msgstr ""
+"g - Patch-Block zum Hinspringen auswählen\n"
+"/ - nach Patch-Block suchen der gegebenem regulärem Ausdruck entspricht\n"
+"j - diesen Patch-Block unbestimmt lassen, nächsten unbestimmten Patch-Block "
+"anzeigen\n"
+"J - diesen Patch-Block unbestimmt lassen, nächsten Patch-Block anzeigen\n"
+"k - diesen Patch-Block unbestimmt lassen, vorherigen unbestimmten Patch-"
+"Block anzeigen\n"
+"K - diesen Patch-Block unbestimmt lassen, vorherigen Patch-Block anzeigen\n"
+"s - aktuellen Patch-Block in kleinere Patch-Blöcke aufteilen\n"
+"e - aktuellen Patch-Block manuell editieren\n"
+"? - Hilfe anzeigen\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1297
+msgid "The selected hunks do not apply to the index!\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Die ausgewählten Patch-Blöcke können nicht auf den Index angewendet werden!\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1298
+msgid "Apply them to the worktree anyway? "
+msgstr "Trotzdem auf Arbeitsverzeichnis anwenden? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1301
+msgid "Nothing was applied.\n"
+msgstr "Nichts angewendet.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1312
+#, perl-format
+msgid "ignoring unmerged: %s\n"
+msgstr "ignoriere nicht zusammengeführte Datei: %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1321
+msgid "Only binary files changed.\n"
+msgstr "Nur Binärdateien geändert.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1323
+msgid "No changes.\n"
+msgstr "Keine Änderungen.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1331
+msgid "Patch update"
+msgstr "Patch Aktualisierung"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1383
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Modusänderung der Staging-Area hinzufügen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1384
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Löschung der Staging-Area hinzufügen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1385
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Diesen Patch-Block der Staging-Area hinzufügen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1388
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Modusänderung stashen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1389
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Löschung stashen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1390
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Diesen Patch-Block stashen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1393
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Modusänderung aus der Staging-Area entfernen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1394
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Löschung aus der Staging-Area entfernen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1395
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Diesen Patch-Block aus der Staging-Area entfernen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1398
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Modusänderung auf Index anwenden [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1399
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Löschung auf Index anwenden [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1400
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Diesen Patch-Block auf Index anwenden [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1403
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Modusänderung im Arbeitsverzeichnis verwerfen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1404
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Löschung im Arbeitsverzeichnis verwerfen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1405
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Diesen Patch-Block im Arbeitsverzeichnis verwerfen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1408
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Modusänderung vom Index und Arbeitsverzeichnis verwerfen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1409
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Löschung vom Index und Arbeitsverzeichnis verwerfen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1410
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Diesen Patch-Block vom Index und Arbeitsverzeichnis verwerfen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1413
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Modusänderung auf Index und Arbeitsverzeichnis anwenden [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1414
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Löschung auf Index und Arbeitsverzeichnis anwenden [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1415
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Diesen Patch-Block auf Index und Arbeitsverzeichnis anwenden [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1515
+msgid "No other hunks to goto\n"
+msgstr "Keine anderen Patch-Blöcke verbleibend\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1522
+msgid "go to which hunk (<ret> to see more)? "
+msgstr "zu welchem Patch-Block springen (<Enter> für mehr Informationen)? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1524
+msgid "go to which hunk? "
+msgstr "zu welchem Patch-Block springen? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Invalid number: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Ungültige Nummer: '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1538
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sorry, only %d hunk available.\n"
+msgid_plural "Sorry, only %d hunks available.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Entschuldigung, nur %d Patch-Block verfügbar.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Entschuldigung, nur %d Patch-Blöcke verfügbar.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1564
+msgid "No other hunks to search\n"
+msgstr "Keine anderen Patch-Blöcke zum Durchsuchen\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1568
+msgid "search for regex? "
+msgstr "Suche nach regulärem Ausdruck? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1581
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Malformed search regexp %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "Fehlerhafter regulärer Ausdruck für Suche %s: %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1591
+msgid "No hunk matches the given pattern\n"
+msgstr "Kein Patch-Block entspricht dem angegebenen Muster\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1603 git-add--interactive.perl:1625
+msgid "No previous hunk\n"
+msgstr "Kein vorheriger Patch-Block\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1612 git-add--interactive.perl:1631
+msgid "No next hunk\n"
+msgstr "Kein folgender Patch-Block\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1637
+msgid "Sorry, cannot split this hunk\n"
+msgstr "Entschuldigung, kann diesen Patch-Block nicht aufteilen.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1643
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Split into %d hunk.\n"
+msgid_plural "Split into %d hunks.\n"
+msgstr[0] "In %d Patch-Block aufgeteilt.\n"
+msgstr[1] "In %d Patch-Blöcke aufgeteilt.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1653
+msgid "Sorry, cannot edit this hunk\n"
+msgstr "Entschuldigung, kann diesen Patch-Block nicht bearbeiten.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1699
+msgid "Review diff"
+msgstr "Diff überprüfen"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please do not translate the command names
+#. 'status', 'update', 'revert', etc.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1718
+msgid ""
+"status        - show paths with changes\n"
+"update        - add working tree state to the staged set of changes\n"
+"revert        - revert staged set of changes back to the HEAD version\n"
+"patch         - pick hunks and update selectively\n"
+"diff          - view diff between HEAD and index\n"
+"add untracked - add contents of untracked files to the staged set of "
+"changes\n"
+msgstr ""
+"status        - Pfade mit Änderungen anzeigen\n"
+"update        - Zustand des Arbeitsverzeichnisses den zum Commit "
+"vorgemerkten Änderungen hinzufügen\n"
+"revert        - zum Commit vorgemerkte Änderungen auf HEAD Version "
+"zurücksetzen\n"
+"patch         - Patch-Blöcke auswählen und selektiv aktualisieren\n"
+"diff          - Unterschiede zwischen HEAD und Index anzeigen\n"
+"add untracked - Inhalte von unversionierten Dateien zum Commit vormerken\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1735 git-add--interactive.perl:1740
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1743 git-add--interactive.perl:1750
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1754 git-add--interactive.perl:1760
+msgid "missing --"
+msgstr "-- fehlt"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1756
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unknown --patch mode: %s"
+msgstr "Unbekannter --patch Modus: %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1762 git-add--interactive.perl:1768
+#, perl-format
+msgid "invalid argument %s, expecting --"
+msgstr "ungültiges Argument %s, erwarte --"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:130
+msgid "local zone differs from GMT by a non-minute interval\n"
+msgstr ""
+"lokale Zeitzone unterscheidet sich von GMT nicht um ein Minutenintervall\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:137 git-send-email.perl:143
+msgid "local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n"
+msgstr "lokaler Zeit-Offset größer oder gleich 24 Stunden\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:211 git-send-email.perl:217
+msgid "the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything"
+msgstr "Der Editor wurde unsauber beendet, breche alles ab."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:294
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' contains an intermediate version of the email you were composing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' enthält eine Zwischenversion der E-Mail, die Sie gerade verfassen.\n"
 
-#~ msgid "Failed to lock HEAD during fast_forward_to"
-#~ msgstr "Fehler beim Sperren von HEAD während fast_forward_to"
+#: git-send-email.perl:299
+#, perl-format
+msgid "'%s.final' contains the composed email.\n"
+msgstr "'%s.final' enthält die verfasste E-Mail.\n"
 
-#~ msgid "invalid commit: %s"
-#~ msgstr "Ungültiger Commit: %s"
+#: git-send-email.perl:317
+msgid "--dump-aliases incompatible with other options\n"
+msgstr "--dump-aliases ist mit anderen Optionen inkompatibel\n"
 
-#~ msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
-#~ msgstr "Kann Referenz von HEAD nicht sperren."
+#: git-send-email.perl:383 git-send-email.perl:638
+msgid "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kann 'git format-patch' nicht außerhalb eines Repositories ausführen.\n"
 
-#~ msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
-#~ msgstr "Kann Referenz von HEAD nicht aktualisieren."
+#: git-send-email.perl:386
+msgid ""
+"`batch-size` and `relogin` must be specified together (via command-line or "
+"configuration option)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"'batch-size' und 'relogin' müssen gemeinsam angegeben werden (über Kommandozeile\n"
+"oder Konfigurationsoption)\n"
 
-#~ msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
-#~ msgstr "Ungültiger %s: '%s'"
+#: git-send-email.perl:456
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --suppress-cc field: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Unbekanntes --suppress-cc Feld: '%s'\n"
 
-#~ msgid "cannot tell cwd"
-#~ msgstr "kann aktuelles Arbeitsverzeichnis nicht ermitteln"
+#: git-send-email.perl:485
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --confirm setting: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Unbekannte --confirm Einstellung: '%s'\n"
 
-#~ msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
-#~ msgstr "%s: kann Referenz nicht sperren"
+#: git-send-email.perl:513
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail alias with quotes is not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Warnung: sendemail Alias mit Anführungsstrichen wird nicht unterstützt: %s\n"
 
-#~ msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
-#~ msgstr "%s: kann Referenz nicht aktualisieren"
+#: git-send-email.perl:515
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `:include:` not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "Warnung: `:include:` wird nicht unterstützt: %s\n"
 
-#~ msgid "commit has empty message"
-#~ msgstr "Commit hat eine leere Beschreibung"
+#: git-send-email.perl:517
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `/file` or `|pipe` redirection not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "Warnung: `/file` oder `|pipe` Umleitung wird nicht unterstützt: %s\n"
 
-#~ msgid "Failed to chdir: %s"
-#~ msgstr "Fehler beim Verzeichniswechsel: %s"
+#: git-send-email.perl:522
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail line is not recognized: %s\n"
+msgstr "Warnung: sendmail Zeile wird nicht erkannt: %s\n"
 
-#~ msgid "key id"
-#~ msgstr "Schlüssel-ID"
+#: git-send-email.perl:604
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"File '%s' exists but it could also be the range of commits\n"
+"to produce patches for.  Please disambiguate by...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * Saying \"./%s\" if you mean a file; or\n"
+"    * Giving --format-patch option if you mean a range.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Datei '%s' existiert, aber es könnte auch der Bereich von Commits sein,\n"
+"für den Patches erzeugt werden sollen. Bitte machen Sie dies eindeutig\n"
+"indem Sie ...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * \"./%s\" angeben, wenn Sie eine Datei meinen, oder\n"
+"    * die Option --format-patch angeben, wenn Sie einen Commit-Bereich "
+"meinen\n"
 
-#~ msgid "Tracking not set up: name too long: %s"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Konfiguration zum Folgen von Branch nicht eingerichtet. Name zu lang: %s"
+#: git-send-email.perl:625
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to opendir %s: %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Öffnen von %s: %s"
 
-#~ msgid "bug"
-#~ msgstr "Fehler"
+#: git-send-email.perl:649
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"fatal: %s: %s\n"
+"warning: no patches were sent\n"
+msgstr ""
+"fatal: %s: %s\n"
+"Warnung: Es wurden keine Patches versendet.\n"
 
-#~ msgid "ahead "
-#~ msgstr "voraus "
+#: git-send-email.perl:660
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"No patch files specified!\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"keine Patch-Dateien angegeben!\n"
+"\n"
 
-#~ msgid ", behind "
-#~ msgstr ", hinterher "
+#: git-send-email.perl:673
+#, perl-format
+msgid "No subject line in %s?"
+msgstr "Keine Betreffzeile in %s?"
 
-#~ msgid "could not find .gitmodules in index"
-#~ msgstr "Konnte .gitmodules nicht in der Staging-Area finden"
+#: git-send-email.perl:683
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open for writing %s: %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Öffnen von '%s' zum Schreiben: %s"
 
-#~ msgid "reading updated .gitmodules failed"
-#~ msgstr "Lesen der aktualisierten .gitmodules-Datei fehlgeschlagen"
+#: git-send-email.perl:694
+msgid ""
+"Lines beginning in \"GIT:\" will be removed.\n"
+"Consider including an overall diffstat or table of contents\n"
+"for the patch you are writing.\n"
+"\n"
+"Clear the body content if you don't wish to send a summary.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Zeilen, die mit \"GIT:\" beginnen, werden entfernt.\n"
+"Ziehen Sie in Betracht, einen allgemeinen \"diffstat\" oder ein\n"
+"Inhaltsverzeichnis, für den Patch den Sie schreiben, hinzuzufügen.\n"
+"\n"
+"Leeren Sie den Inhalt des Bodys, wenn Sie keine Zusammenfassung senden "
+"möchten.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:718
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s: %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Öffnen von %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:735
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s.final: %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Öffnen von %s.final: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:778
+msgid "Summary email is empty, skipping it\n"
+msgstr "E-Mail mit Zusammenfassung ist leer, wird ausgelassen\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep [y/N] as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:813
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to use <%s> [y/N]? "
+msgstr "Sind Sie sich sicher, <%s> zu benutzen [y/N]? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:868
+msgid ""
+"The following files are 8bit, but do not declare a Content-Transfer-"
+"Encoding.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Die folgenden Dateien sind 8-Bit, aber deklarieren kein\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding.\n"
 
-#~ msgid "unable to stat updated .gitmodules"
-#~ msgstr "Konnte aktualisierte .gitmodules-Datei nicht lesen"
+#: git-send-email.perl:873
+msgid "Which 8bit encoding should I declare [UTF-8]? "
+msgstr "Welches 8-Bit-Encoding soll deklariert werden [UTF-8]? "
 
-#~ msgid "unable to remove .gitmodules from index"
-#~ msgstr "Konnte .gitmodules nicht aus der Staging-Area entfernen"
+#: git-send-email.perl:881
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"Refusing to send because the patch\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"has the template subject '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. Pass --force if you really "
+"want to send.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Versand zurückgewiesen, weil der Patch\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"die Betreffzeilenvorlage '*** SUBJECT HERE ***' enthält. Geben Sie --force "
+"an,\n"
+"wenn Sie den Patch wirklich versenden wollen.\n"
 
-#~ msgid "adding updated .gitmodules failed"
-#~ msgstr "Konnte aktualisierte .gitmodules-Datei nicht hinzufügen"
+#: git-send-email.perl:900
+msgid "To whom should the emails be sent (if anyone)?"
+msgstr "An wen sollen die E-Mails versendet werden (wenn überhaupt jemand)?"
 
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "The behavior of 'git add %s (or %s)' with no path argument from a\n"
-#~ "subdirectory of the tree will change in Git 2.0 and should not be used "
-#~ "anymore.\n"
-#~ "To add content for the whole tree, run:\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "  git add %s :/\n"
-#~ "  (or git add %s :/)\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "To restrict the command to the current directory, run:\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "  git add %s .\n"
-#~ "  (or git add %s .)\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "With the current Git version, the command is restricted to the current "
-#~ "directory.\n"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Das Verhalten von 'git add %s (oder %s)' ohne ein Pfad-Argument von\n"
-#~ "einem Unterverzeichnis aus wird in Git 2.0 geändert und sollte nicht\n"
-#~ "mehr verwendet werden.\n"
-#~ "Um Dateien des gesamten Projektverzeichnisses hinzuzufügen, führen Sie "
-#~ "aus:\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "  git add %s :/\n"
-#~ "  (oder git add %s :/)\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "Zur Einschränkung auf das aktuelle Verzeichnis führen Sie aus:\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "  git add %s .\n"
-#~ "  (oder git add %s .)\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "Mit der aktuellen Version von Git ist das Kommando auf das aktuelle\n"
-#~ "Verzeichnis beschränkt.\n"
+#: git-send-email.perl:918
+#, perl-format
+msgid "fatal: alias '%s' expands to itself\n"
+msgstr "fatal: Alias '%s' erweitert sich zu sich selbst\n"
 
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "You ran 'git add' with neither '-A (--all)' or '--ignore-removal',\n"
-#~ "whose behaviour will change in Git 2.0 with respect to paths you "
-#~ "removed.\n"
-#~ "Paths like '%s' that are\n"
-#~ "removed from your working tree are ignored with this version of Git.\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "* 'git add --ignore-removal <pathspec>', which is the current default,\n"
-#~ "  ignores paths you removed from your working tree.\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "* 'git add --all <pathspec>' will let you also record the removals.\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "Run 'git status' to check the paths you removed from your working tree.\n"
+#: git-send-email.perl:930
+msgid "Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email (if any)? "
+msgstr ""
+"Message-ID zur Verwendung als In-Reply-To für die erste E-Mail (wenn eine "
+"existiert)? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:988 git-send-email.perl:996
+#, perl-format
+msgid "error: unable to extract a valid address from: %s\n"
+msgstr "Fehler: konnte keine gültige Adresse aus %s extrahieren\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [q] [d] [e] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1000
+msgid "What to do with this address? ([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit): "
+msgstr ""
+"Was soll mit dieser Adresse geschehen? (Beenden [q]|Löschen [d]|Bearbeiten "
+"[e]): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1317
+#, perl-format
+msgid "CA path \"%s\" does not exist"
+msgstr "CA Pfad \"%s\" existiert nicht"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1395
+msgid ""
+"    The Cc list above has been expanded by additional\n"
+"    addresses found in the patch commit message. By default\n"
+"    send-email prompts before sending whenever this occurs.\n"
+"    This behavior is controlled by the sendemail.confirm\n"
+"    configuration setting.\n"
+"\n"
+"    For additional information, run 'git send-email --help'.\n"
+"    To retain the current behavior, but squelch this message,\n"
+"    run 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"    Die Cc-Liste oberhalb wurde um zusätzliche Adressen erweitert, die in "
+"der\n"
+"    Commit-Beschreibung des Patches gefunden wurden. Wenn dies passiert, "
+"werden\n"
+"    Sie von send-email zu einer Eingabe aufgefordert. Dieses Verhalten wird\n"
+"    durch die Konfigurationseinstellung sendemail.confirm gesteuert.\n"
+"\n"
+"    Für weitere Informationen, führen Sie 'git send-email --help' aus.\n"
+"    Um das aktuelle Verhalten beizubehalten, aber diese Meldung zu "
+"unterdrücken,\n"
+"    führen Sie 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto' aus.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y] [n] [q] [a] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1410
+msgid "Send this email? ([y]es|[n]o|[q]uit|[a]ll): "
+msgstr "Diese E-Mail versenden? (Ja [y]|Nein [n]|Beenden [q]|Alle [a]): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1413
+msgid "Send this email reply required"
+msgstr "Zum Versenden dieser E-Mail ist eine Antwort erforderlich."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1439
+msgid "The required SMTP server is not properly defined."
+msgstr "Der erforderliche SMTP-Server ist nicht korrekt definiert."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1486
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Server does not support STARTTLS! %s"
+msgstr "Server unterstützt kein STARTTLS! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1491 git-send-email.perl:1495
+#, perl-format
+msgid "STARTTLS failed! %s"
+msgstr "STARTTLS fehlgeschlagen! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1505
+msgid "Unable to initialize SMTP properly. Check config and use --smtp-debug."
+msgstr ""
+"Konnte SMTP nicht korrekt initialisieren. Bitte prüfen Sie Ihre "
+"Konfiguration\n"
+"und benutzen Sie --smtp-debug."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1523
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to send %s\n"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Senden %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1526
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Dry-Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "Probeversand %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1526
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "%s gesendet\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1528
+msgid "Dry-OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "Probeversand OK. Log enthält:\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1528
+msgid "OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "OK. Log enthält:\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1540
+msgid "Result: "
+msgstr "Ergebnis: "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1543
+msgid "Result: OK\n"
+msgstr "Ergebnis: OK\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1556
+#, perl-format
+msgid "can't open file %s"
+msgstr "Kann Datei %s nicht öffnen"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1603 git-send-email.perl:1623
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) Füge cc: hinzu: %s von Zeile '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1609
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding to: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) Füge to: hinzu: %s von Zeile '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1657
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(non-mbox) Füge cc: hinzu: %s von Zeile '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1682
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(body) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(body) Füge cc: hinzu: %s von Zeile '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1788
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Could not execute '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) Konnte '%s' nicht ausführen"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1795
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Adding %s: %s from: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(%s) Füge %s: %s hinzu von: '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1799
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) failed to close pipe to '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) Fehler beim Schließen der Pipe nach '%s'"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1826
+msgid "cannot send message as 7bit"
+msgstr "Kann Nachricht nicht als 7bit versenden."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1834
+msgid "invalid transfer encoding"
+msgstr "Ungültiges Transfer-Encoding"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1872 git-send-email.perl:1923 git-send-email.perl:1933
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unable to open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "konnte %s nicht öffnen: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1875
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%s: patch contains a line longer than 998 characters"
+msgstr "%s: Patch enthält eine Zeile, die länger als 998 Zeichen ist"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1891
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Skipping %s with backup suffix '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "Lasse %s mit Backup-Suffix '%s' aus.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep "[y|N]" as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1895
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Do you really want to send %s? [y|N]: "
+msgstr "Wollen Sie %s wirklich versenden? [y|N]: "
+
+#~ msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+#~ msgstr "git fetch-pack: ACK/NAK erwartet, EOF bekommen"
+
+#~ msgid "invalid filter-spec expression '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Ungültiger filter-spec Ausdruck '%s'."
+
+#~ msgid "The copy of the patch that failed is found in: %s"
+#~ msgstr "Die Kopie des fehlgeschlagenen Patches befindet sich in: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "pathspec and --all are incompatible"
+#~ msgstr "Pfadspezifikationen und --all sind inkompatibel."
+
+#~ msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$displaypath'"
 #~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Sie haben 'git add' weder mit '-A (--all)' noch mit '--ignore-removal'\n"
-#~ "ausgeführt. Das Verhalten des Kommandos ändert sich in Git 2.0 durch\n"
-#~ "Berücksichtigung der gelöschten Pfade.\n"
-#~ "Pfade wie '%s', die im Arbeitsverzeichnis gelöscht wurden, werden in\n"
-#~ "dieser Version von Git ignoriert.\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "* 'git add --ignore-removal <Pfadspezifikation>', was der aktuelle\n"
-#~ "  Standardwert ist, ignoriert gelöschte Pfade im Arbeitsverzeichnis.\n"
-#~ "* 'git add --all <Pfadspezifikation>' berücksichtigt ebenfalls gelöschte\n"
-#~ "  Pfade.\n"
-#~ "Führen Sie 'git status' aus, um die gelöschten Pfade zu überprüfen.\n"
+#~ "Submodul '$name' ($url) für Pfad '$displaypath' wurde aus der "
+#~ "Konfiguration entfernt."
 
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance. You may also\n"
-#~ "run \"git gc\" manually. See \"git help gc\" for more information.\n"
+#~ msgid "To/Cc/Bcc fields are not interpreted yet, they have been ignored\n"
 #~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Die Datenbank des Repositories wird für eine optimale Performance\n"
-#~ "komprimiert. Sie können auch \"git gc\" manuell ausführen.\n"
-#~ "Siehe \"git help gc\" für weitere Informationen.\n"
+#~ "To/Cc/Bcc Felder wurden noch nicht interpretiert, sie wurden ignoriert\n"
 
 #~ msgid ""
-#~ "Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
-#~ "counterpart. If you did not intend to push that branch, you may want to\n"
-#~ "specify branches to push or set the 'push.default' configuration "
-#~ "variable\n"
-#~ "to 'simple', 'current' or 'upstream' to push only the current branch."
+#~ "empty strings as pathspecs will be made invalid in upcoming releases. "
+#~ "please use . instead if you meant to match all paths"
 #~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Aktualisierungen wurden zurückgewiesen, weil die Spitze eines "
-#~ "versendeten\n"
-#~ "Branches hinter seinem externen Gegenstück zurückgefallen ist. Wenn Sie "
-#~ "nicht\n"
-#~ "beabsichtigt haben, diesen Branch zu versenden, können Sie auch den zu "
-#~ "versendenden\n"
-#~ "Branch spezifizieren oder die Konfigurationsvariable 'push.default' zu "
-#~ "'simple', 'current'\n"
-#~ "oder 'upstream' setzen, um nur den aktuellen Branch zu versenden."
+#~ "Leere Strings als Pfadspezifikationen werden in kommenden Releases "
+#~ "ungültig.\n"
+#~ "Bitte benutzen Sie stattdessen . wenn Sie alle Pfade meinen."
+
+#~ msgid "unable to open '%s' for writing"
+#~ msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht zum Schreiben öffnen."
+
+#~ msgid "could not truncate '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht abschneiden."
+
+#~ msgid "could not finish '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht abschließen."
+
+#~ msgid "could not write to %s"
+#~ msgstr "Konnte nicht nach '%s' schreiben."
 
-#~ msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
-#~ msgstr "kopiert:     %s -> %s"
+#~ msgid "could not close %s"
+#~ msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht schließen."
 
-#~ msgid "deleted:    %s"
-#~ msgstr "gelöscht:    %s"
+#~ msgid "Copied a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+#~ msgstr "falsch benannten Branch '%s' wegkopiert"
 
-#~ msgid "modified:   %s"
-#~ msgstr "geändert:   %s"
+#~ msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
+#~ msgstr "'HEAD' darf nicht manuell erstellt werden"
 
-#~ msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
-#~ msgstr "umbenannt:    %s -> %s"
+#~ msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
+#~ msgstr "Weiß nicht wie %s zu klonen ist."
 
-#~ msgid "unmerged:   %s"
-#~ msgstr "nicht zusammengeführt:   %s"
+#~ msgid "show ignored files"
+#~ msgstr "ignorierte Dateien anzeigen"
 
-#~ msgid "input paths are terminated by a null character"
-#~ msgstr "Eingabepfade sind durch ein NUL Zeichen abgeschlossen"
+#~ msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
+#~ msgstr "%s ist kein gültiges '%s' Objekt"
+
+#~ msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
+#~ msgstr "Weiß nicht wie von %s angefordert wird."
+
+#~ msgid "'$term' is not a valid term"
+#~ msgstr "'$term' ist kein gültiger Begriff"
 
 #~ msgid ""
-#~ "The following untracked files would NOT be saved but need to be removed "
-#~ "by stash save:"
+#~ "error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
+#~ "       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
 #~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Die folgenden unbeobachteten Dateien würden NICHT gespeichert werden,\n"
-#~ "müssen aber durch \"stash save\" entfernt werden:"
+#~ "Fehler: unbekannte Option für 'stash save': $option\n"
+#~ "        Um eine Beschreibung anzugeben, benutzen Sie \"git stash save -- "
+#~ "'$option'\""
+
+#~ msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+#~ msgstr "Fehler bei Rekursion in Submodul-Pfad '$sm_path'"
+
+#~ msgid "%%(trailers) does not take arguments"
+#~ msgstr "%%(trailers) akzeptiert keine Argumente"
 
 #~ msgid ""
-#~ "Aborting. Consider using either the --force or --include-untracked option."
+#~ "Warning: the SHA-1 is missing or isn't a commit in the following line:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
 #~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Abgebrochen. Benutzen Sie entweder die Option --force oder --include-"
-#~ "untracked."
+#~ "Warnung: Der SHA-1 in der folgenden Zeile fehlt oder ist kein Commit:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
 
-#~ msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --resolved\")"
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Warning: the command isn't recognized in the following line:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
 #~ msgstr ""
-#~ "  (beheben Sie die Konflikte und führen Sie dann \"git am --resolved\" "
-#~ "aus)"
+#~ "Warnung: Das Kommando in der folgenden Zeile wurde nicht erkannt:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
 
-#~ msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git commit\")"
-#~ msgstr "  (alle Konflikte behoben: führen Sie \"git commit\" aus)"
+#~ msgid "Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'."
+#~ msgstr "Oder Sie können den Rebase mit 'git rebase --abort' abbrechen."
 
-#~ msgid "more than %d trees given: '%s'"
-#~ msgstr "Mehr als %d \"Tree\"-Objekte angegeben: '%s'"
+#~ msgid "submodule update strategy not supported for submodule '%s'"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Strategie zur Aktualisierung von Submodulen für Submodul '%s' nicht "
+#~ "unterstützt."
 
-#~ msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
-#~ msgstr "Sie können --no-ff nicht mit --ff--only kombinieren."
+#~ msgid "change upstream info"
+#~ msgstr "Informationen zum Upstream-Branch ändern"
 
 #~ msgid ""
-#~ "submodule '%s' (or one of its nested submodules) uses a .git directory\n"
-#~ "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its "
-#~ "history)"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
+#~ "\n"
 #~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Submodul '%s' (oder ein geschachteltes Submodul hiervon) verwendet\n"
-#~ "ein .git-Verzeichnis (benutzen Sie 'rm -rf' wenn Sie dieses wirklich "
-#~ "mitsamt\n"
-#~ "seiner Historie löschen möchten)"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Wenn Sie wollten, dass '%s' den Branch '%s' als Upstream-Branch hat, "
+#~ "führen Sie aus:\n"
+
+#~ msgid "basename"
+#~ msgstr "Basisname"
+
+#~ msgid "prepend parent project's basename to output"
+#~ msgstr "Basisname des Elternprojektes an Ausgaben voranstellen"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not open file '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Konnte Datei '%s' nicht öffnen"
+
+#~ msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
+#~ msgstr "Automatische Ausführung in %0.1f Sekunden ..."
+
+#~ msgid "dup2(%d,%d) failed"
+#~ msgstr "dup2(%d,%d) fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#~ msgid "Initial commit on "
+#~ msgstr "Initialer Commit auf "
+
+#~ msgid "Patch is empty. Was it split wrong?"
+#~ msgstr "Patch ist leer. War dessen Aufteilung falsch?"
 
 #~ msgid ""
-#~ "'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
-#~ "(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+#~ "You still have unmerged paths in your index.\n"
+#~ "Did you forget to use 'git add'?"
 #~ msgstr ""
-#~ "'%s' hat zum Commit vorgemerkte Änderungen\n"
-#~ "(benutzen Sie --cached um die Datei zu behalten, oder -f um die "
-#~ "Entfernung zu erzwingen)"
+#~ "Sie haben immer noch nicht zusammengeführte Pfade im Index.\n"
+#~ "Haben Sie vergessen 'git add' zu benutzen?"
 
-#~ msgid "show commits where no parent comes before its children"
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
+#~ "Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
 #~ msgstr ""
-#~ "zeigt Commits, bei denen kein Eltern-Commit vor seinem Kind-Commit kommt"
+#~ "Kann nicht gleichzeitig Pfade aktualisieren und zu Branch '%s' wechseln.\n"
+#~ "Haben Sie beabsichtigt '%s' auszuchecken, welcher nicht als Commit "
+#~ "aufgelöst werden kann?"
 
-#~ msgid "show the HEAD reference"
-#~ msgstr "zeigt Referenz von HEAD"
+#~ msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i or -o; assuming --only paths..."
+#~ msgstr "Explizite Pfade ohne -i oder -o angegeben; nehme --only an"
 
-#~ msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
-#~ msgstr "Konnte \"fetch\" in Submodul-Pfad '$prefix$sm_path' nicht ausführen"
+#~ msgid "default mode for recursion"
+#~ msgstr "Standard-Modus für Rekursion"
 
-#~ msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
-#~ msgstr "Fehler bei Rekursion in Submodul-Pfad '$prefix$sm_path'"
+#~ msgid "submodule--helper subcommand must be called with a subcommand"
+#~ msgstr "submodule--helper muss mit einem Unterbefehl aufgerufen werden"
 
-#~ msgid "It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files.  'status -uno'"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Es dauerte %.2f Sekunden die unbeobachteten Dateien zu bestimmen.'status -"
-#~ "uno'"
+#~ msgid "tag: tagging "
+#~ msgstr "tag: tagge "
 
-#~ msgid "may speed it up, but you have to be careful not to forget to add"
-#~ msgstr "könnte das beschleunigen, aber Sie müssen darauf achten, neue"
+#~ msgid "object of unknown type"
+#~ msgstr "Art des Objektes unbekannt"
 
-#~ msgid "new files yourself (see 'git help status')."
-#~ msgstr "Dateien selbstständig hinzuzufügen (siehe 'git help status')."
+#~ msgid "commit object"
+#~ msgstr "Commit-Objekt"
 
-#~ msgid "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] "
-#~ "[<Versionsidentifikation>... ]"
+#~ msgid "tree object"
+#~ msgstr "Tree-Objekt"
 
-#~ msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Siehe 'git help <Kommando>' für weitere Informationen zu einem "
-#~ "spezifischen Kommando"
+#~ msgid "blob object"
+#~ msgstr "Blob-Objekt"
 
-#~ msgid "use any ref in .git/refs"
-#~ msgstr "verwendet alle Referenzen in .git/refs"
+#~ msgid "other tag object"
+#~ msgstr "anderes Tag-Objekt"
 
-#~ msgid "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"
-#~ msgstr "verwendet alle Markierungen in .git/refs/tags"
+#, fuzzy
+#~ msgid "Submodule '%s' cannot checkout new HEAD"
+#~ msgstr "Submodul '%s' kann Alternative nicht hinzufügen: %s"
 
-#~ msgid "bad object %s"
-#~ msgstr "ungültiges Objekt %s"
+#~ msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
+#~ msgstr "zu langes Objekt-Verzeichnis %.*s"
 
-#~ msgid "bogus committer info %s"
-#~ msgstr "unechte Einreicher-Informationen %s"
+#~ msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
+#~ msgstr "Tagname zu lang: %.*s..."
 
-#~ msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
-#~ msgstr "konnte Datei-Deskriptor für Ausgabe von 'show' nicht öffnen"
+#~ msgid "tag header too big."
+#~ msgstr "Tag-Kopf zu groß."
 
-#~ msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+#~ "marked for discarding"
 #~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Schließen der Verbindung zu 'show' ist für Objekt '%s' fehlgeschlagen."
+#~ "Wenn der Patch sauber angewendet werden kann, wird der bearbeitete Patch-"
+#~ "Block\n"
+#~ "direkt als zum Verwerfen markiert."
 
-#~ msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
-#~ msgstr "Sie haben keine gültige Zweigspitze (HEAD)"
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "There is nothing to exclude from by :(exclude) patterns.\n"
+#~ "Perhaps you forgot to add either ':/' or '.' ?"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ ":(exclude) Muster, aber keine anderen Pfadspezifikationen angegeben.\n"
+#~ "Vielleicht haben Sie vergessen entweder ':/' oder '.' hinzuzufügen?"
 
-#~ msgid "oops"
-#~ msgstr "Ups"
+#~ msgid "unrecognized format: %%(%s)"
+#~ msgstr "nicht erkanntes Format: %%(%s)"
 
-#~ msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
-#~ msgstr "Würde '%s' nicht löschen\n"
+#~ msgid ":strip= requires a positive integer argument"
+#~ msgstr ":strip= erfordert eine positive Ganzzahl als Argument"
 
-#~ msgid "Not removing %s\n"
-#~ msgstr "Entferne nicht %s\n"
+#~ msgid "ref '%s' does not have %ld components to :strip"
+#~ msgstr "Referenz '%s' hat keine %ld Komponenten für :strip"
 
-#~ msgid "Could not read index"
-#~ msgstr "Konnte Bereitstellung nicht lesen"
+#~ msgid "unknown %.*s format %s"
+#~ msgstr "Unbekanntes %.*s Format %s"
 
-#~ msgid " 0 files changed"
-#~ msgstr " 0 Dateien geändert"
+#~ msgid "[%s: gone]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: entfernt]"
 
-#~ msgid " %d file changed"
-#~ msgid_plural " %d files changed"
-#~ msgstr[0] " %d Datei geändert"
-#~ msgstr[1] " %d Dateien geändert"
+#~ msgid "[%s]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s]"
 
-#~ msgid ", %d insertion(+)"
-#~ msgid_plural ", %d insertions(+)"
-#~ msgstr[0] ", %d Zeile hinzugefügt(+)"
-#~ msgstr[1] ", %d Zeilen hinzugefügt(+)"
+#~ msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: %d hinterher]"
 
-#~ msgid ", %d deletion(-)"
-#~ msgid_plural ", %d deletions(-)"
-#~ msgstr[0] ", %d Zeile entfernt(-)"
-#~ msgstr[1] ", %d Zeilen entfernt(-)"
+#~ msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: %d voraus]"
 
-#~ msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>])"
-#~ msgstr "git remote set-head <Name> (-a | -d | <Zweig>])"
+#~ msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: %d voraus, %d hinterher]"
 
-#~ msgid " (use \"git add\" to track)"
-#~ msgstr " (benutze \"git add\" zum Beobachten)"
+#~ msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
+#~ msgstr " **** ungültige Referenz ****"
 
-#~ msgid "--detach cannot be used with -b/-B/--orphan"
-#~ msgstr "--detach kann nicht mit -b/-B/--orphan benutzt werden"
+#~ msgid "git merge [<options>] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
+#~ msgstr "git merge [<Optionen>] <Beschreibung> HEAD <Commit>"
 
-#~ msgid "--detach cannot be used with -t"
-#~ msgstr "--detach kann nicht mit -t benutzt werden"
+#~ msgid "cannot open file '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Kann Datei '%s' nicht öffnen"
 
-#~ msgid "--orphan and -b|-B are mutually exclusive"
-#~ msgstr "--orphan und -b|-B sind gegenseitig exklusiv"
+#~ msgid "could not close file %s"
+#~ msgstr "Konnte Datei '%s' nicht schließen."
 
-#~ msgid "--orphan cannot be used with -t"
-#~ msgstr "--orphan kann nicht mit -t benutzt werden"
+#~ msgid "Use an experimental blank-line-based heuristic to improve diffs"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "eine experimentelle, auf Leerzeilen basierende Heuristik zur "
+#~ "Verbesserung\n"
+#~ "der Darstellung von Unterschieden verwenden"
 
-#~ msgid "git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible"
-#~ msgstr "git checkout: -f und -m sind inkompatibel"
+#~ msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
+#~ msgstr "Klug ... den letzten Commit mit einem geänderten Index nachbessern."
 
 #~ msgid ""
-#~ "git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "git checkout: Die Aktualisierung von Pfaden ist inkompatibel mit dem "
-#~ "Wechsel von Zweigen."
+#~ "the following submodule (or one of its nested submodules)\n"
+#~ "uses a .git directory:"
+#~ msgid_plural ""
+#~ "the following submodules (or one of their nested submodules)\n"
+#~ "use a .git directory:"
+#~ msgstr[0] ""
+#~ "das folgende Submodul (oder ein geschachteltes Submodul hiervon)\n"
+#~ "benutzt ein .git-Verzeichnis:"
+#~ msgstr[1] ""
+#~ "die folgenden Submodule (oder ein geschachteltes Submodul hiervon)\n"
+#~ "benutzen ein .git-Verzeichnis:"
 
-#~ msgid "diff setup failed"
-#~ msgstr "diff_setup_done fehlgeschlagen"
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its "
+#~ "history)"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "(benutzen Sie 'rm -rf' wenn Sie dieses Submodul wirklich mitsamt\n"
+#~ "seiner Historie löschen möchten)"
 
-#~ msgid "merge-recursive: disk full?"
-#~ msgstr "merge-recursive: Festplatte voll?"
+#~ msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Ihre lokalen Änderungen würden durch den Cherry-Pick überschrieben werden."
 
-#~ msgid "diff_setup_done failed"
-#~ msgstr "diff_setup_done fehlgeschlagen"
+#~ msgid "Cannot revert during another revert."
+#~ msgstr "Kann Revert nicht während eines anderen Reverts ausführen."
 
-#~ msgid "-d option is no longer supported.  Do not use."
-#~ msgstr "-d Option wird nicht länger unterstützt. Nicht benutzen."
+#~ msgid "Cannot cherry-pick during another cherry-pick."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Kann Cherry-Pick nicht während eines anderen Cherry-Picks ausführen."
 
-#~ msgid "%s: has been deleted/renamed"
-#~ msgstr "%s wurde gelöscht/umbenannt"
+#~ msgid "Could not parse line %d."
+#~ msgstr "Konnte Zeile %d nicht parsen."
 
-#~ msgid "'%s': not a documentation directory."
-#~ msgstr "'%s' ist kein Dokumentationsverzeichnis"
+#~ msgid "Could not open %s"
+#~ msgstr "Konnte %s nicht öffnen"
 
-#~ msgid "--"
-#~ msgstr "--"
+#~ msgid "Could not read %s."
+#~ msgstr "Konnte %s nicht lesen."
 
-#~ msgid "Could not extract email from committer identity."
-#~ msgstr "Konnte E-Mail-Adresse des Einreichers nicht extrahieren."
+#~ msgid "Could not format %s."
+#~ msgstr "Konnte %s nicht formatieren."
 
-#~ msgid "cherry-pick"
-#~ msgstr "cherry-pick"
+#~ msgid "%s: %s"
+#~ msgstr "%s: %s"
 
-#~ msgid "Please enter the commit message for your changes."
-#~ msgstr "Bitte gebe die Versionsbeschreibung für deine Änderungen ein."
+#~ msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
+#~ msgstr "Kann %s nicht öffnen: %s"
 
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were "
-#~ "rejected\n"
-#~ "Merge the remote changes (e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.  See "
-#~ "the\n"
-#~ "'Note about fast-forwards' section of 'git push --help' for details.\n"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Um dich vor Verlust von Historie zu bewahren, wurden nicht vorzuspulende "
-#~ "Aktualisierungen zurückgewiesen.\n"
-#~ "Führe die externen Änderungen zusammen (z.B. 'git pull') bevor du erneut "
-#~ "versendest. Siehe auch die 'Note about fast-forwards' Sektion von \n"
-#~ "'git push --help' für weitere Details.\n"
+#~ msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
+#~ msgstr "Sie müssen zuerst die Informationen zum Commit-Ersteller setzen."
diff --git a/po/es.po b/po/es.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a68bcd9991
--- /dev/null
+++ b/po/es.po
@@ -0,0 +1,18402 @@
+# Spanish translations for Git.
+# Copyright (C) 2018 Christopher Diaz Riveros <christopher.diaz.riv@gmail.com>
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
+# Christopher Diaz Riveros <christopher.diaz.riv@gmail.com>, 2017.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: Git\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-06-16 22:06+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-06-16 09:57-0500\n"
+"Last-Translator: christopher.diaz.riv@gmail.com\n"
+"Language-Team: CodeLabora <codelabora@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language: es\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 2.0.7\n"
+
+#: advice.c:92
+#, c-format
+msgid "%shint: %.*s%s\n"
+msgstr "%sayuda: %.*s%s\n"
+
+#: advice.c:137
+msgid "Cherry-picking is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"No es posible ejecutar cherry-picking porque tienes archivos sin fusionar."
+
+#: advice.c:139
+msgid "Committing is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "No es posible realizar un commit porque tienes archivos sin fusionar."
+
+#: advice.c:141
+msgid "Merging is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "No es posible hacer merge porque tienes archivos sin fusionar."
+
+#: advice.c:143
+msgid "Pulling is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "No es posible hacer pull porque tienes archivos sin fusionar."
+
+#: advice.c:145
+msgid "Reverting is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "No es posible revertir porque tienes archivos sin fusionar."
+
+#: advice.c:147
+#, c-format
+msgid "It is not possible to %s because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "No es posible %s porque tienes archivos sin fusionar."
+
+#: advice.c:155
+msgid ""
+"Fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
+"as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
+msgstr ""
+"Corrígelos en el árbol de trabajo y entonces usa 'git add/rm <archivo>',\n"
+"como sea apropiado, para marcar la resolución y realizar un commit."
+
+#: advice.c:163
+msgid "Exiting because of an unresolved conflict."
+msgstr "Saliendo porque existe un conflicto sin resolver."
+
+#: advice.c:168 builtin/merge.c:1250
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "No has concluido tu fusión (MERGE_HEAD existe)."
+
+#: advice.c:170
+msgid "Please, commit your changes before merging."
+msgstr "Por favor, realiza un commit antes de fusionar."
+
+#: advice.c:171
+msgid "Exiting because of unfinished merge."
+msgstr "Saliendo por una fusión inconclusa."
+
+#: advice.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Note: checking out '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental\n"
+"changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this\n"
+"state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may\n"
+"do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nota: actualizando el árbol de trabajo '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"Te encuentras en estado 'detached HEAD'. Puedes revisar por aquí, hacer\n"
+"cambios experimentales y confirmarlos, y puedes descartar cualquier\n"
+"commit que hayas hecho en este estado sin impactar a tu rama realizando\n"
+"otro checkout.\n"
+"\n"
+"Si quieres crear una nueva rama para mantener los commits que has creado,\n"
+"puedes hacerlo (ahora o después) usando -b con el comando checkout. "
+"Ejemplo:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <nombre-de-nueva-rama>\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: apply.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr "opción de espacios en blanco no reconocida '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr "opción de ignorar espacios en blanco no reconocida '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:122
+msgid "--reject and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--reject y --3way no se pueden utilizar juntas."
+
+#: apply.c:124
+msgid "--cached and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--cached y --3way no se pueden utilizar juntas."
+
+#: apply.c:127
+msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+msgstr "--3way está fuera de un repositorio"
+
+#: apply.c:138
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr "--index está fuera de un repositorio"
+
+#: apply.c:141
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr "--cached está fuera de un repositorio"
+
+#: apply.c:821
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr "No se puede preparar una marca de tiempo para la expresión regular %s"
+
+#: apply.c:830
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr "regexec retornó %d para la entrada: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:904
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"no se puede encontrar el nombre del archivo en el parche en la línea %d"
+
+#: apply.c:942
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: mal git-diff - se esperaba /dev/null, se encontró %s en la línea "
+"%d"
+
+#: apply.c:948
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: mal git-diff - nuevo nombre de archivo inconsistente en la línea "
+"%d"
+
+#: apply.c:949
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: mal git-diff - viejo nombre de archivo inconsistente en la línea "
+"%d"
+
+#: apply.c:954
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: mal git-diff - se esperaba /dev/null en la línea %d"
+
+#: apply.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid mode on line %d: %s"
+msgstr "modo inválido en la línea %d: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:1301
+#, c-format
+msgid "inconsistent header lines %d and %d"
+msgstr "header inconsistente en las líneas %d y %d"
+
+#: apply.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr "recount: línea inesperada: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1542
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "fragmento de parche sin header en la línea %d: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1562
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"al header de git diff carece de información del nombre del archivo %d cuando "
+"lo remueve de la ruta principal componente (línea %d)"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"los headers de git diff carecen de información de los nombres de los "
+"archivos %d cuando los remueven de la ruta principal componentes (línea %d)"
+
+#: apply.c:1575
+#, c-format
+msgid "git diff header lacks filename information (line %d)"
+msgstr ""
+"el header de git diff carece de información del nombre del archivo (línea %d)"
+
+#: apply.c:1763
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr "el nuevo archivo depende de contenidos viejos"
+
+#: apply.c:1765
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr "el archivo eliminado todavía tiene contenido"
+
+#: apply.c:1799
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr "parche corrupto en la línea %d"
+
+#: apply.c:1836
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr "nuevo archivo %s depende en contenidos viejos"
+
+#: apply.c:1838
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr "el archivo borrado %s todavía tiene contenido"
+
+#: apply.c:1841
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr "** peligro: el archivo %s esta vacío pero no es borrado"
+
+#: apply.c:1988
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "parche binario corrupto en la línea %d: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:2025
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr "parche binario no reconocido en la línea %d"
+
+#: apply.c:2185
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr "parche que solo contiene basura en la línea %d"
+
+#: apply.c:2271
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr "no es posible leer el enlace simbólico %s"
+
+#: apply.c:2275
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr "no es posible abrir o leer %s"
+
+#: apply.c:2934
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr "comienzo invalido de línea: '%c'"
+
+#: apply.c:3055
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] "Hunk #%d tuvo éxito en %d (%d línea compensada)."
+msgstr[1] "Hunk #%d tuvo éxito en %d (%d líneas compensadas)."
+
+#: apply.c:3067
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr "Contexto reducido a (%ld/%ld) para aplicar el fragmento en %d"
+
+#: apply.c:3073
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+"mientras se busca:\n"
+"%.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:3095
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr "data perdida en parche binario para '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3103
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot reverse-apply a binary patch without the reverse hunk to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"no se puede revertir-aplicar un parche binario sin el hunk revertido a '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3149
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot apply binary patch to '%s' without full index line"
+msgstr "no se puede aplicar el parche binario a '%s' sin un índice completo"
+
+#: apply.c:3159
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the patch applies to '%s' (%s), which does not match the current contents."
+msgstr ""
+"el parche aplica a '%s' (%s), lo cual no concuerda con los contenidos "
+"actuales."
+
+#: apply.c:3167
+#, c-format
+msgid "the patch applies to an empty '%s' but it is not empty"
+msgstr "el parche aplica a un '%s' vacío, pero este no lo esta"
+
+#: apply.c:3185
+#, c-format
+msgid "the necessary postimage %s for '%s' cannot be read"
+msgstr "la postimagen necesaria %s para '%s' no se puede leer"
+
+#: apply.c:3198
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr "el parche binario no aplica para '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3204
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr ""
+"el parche binario para '%s' crea un resultado incorrecto (saliendo %s, se "
+"obtuvo %s)"
+
+#: apply.c:3225
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr "el parche falló: %s:%ld"
+
+#: apply.c:3347
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgstr "no se puede hacer checkout a %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3396 apply.c:3407 apply.c:3453 setup.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3404
+#, c-format
+msgid "reading from '%s' beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "leyendo de '%s' tras un enlace simbólico"
+
+#: apply.c:3433 apply.c:3673
+#, c-format
+msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr "la ruta %s ha sido renombrada/suprimida"
+
+#: apply.c:3516 apply.c:3687
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr "%s: no existe en el índice"
+
+#: apply.c:3525 apply.c:3695
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr "%s: no concuerda con el índice"
+
+#: apply.c:3560
+msgid "repository lacks the necessary blob to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+"el repositorio carece del blob necesario para regresar en un merge de tres-"
+"vías."
+
+#: apply.c:3563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Falling back to three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "Retrocediendo en un merge de tres-vías...\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3579 apply.c:3583
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read the current contents of '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pueden leer los contenidos actuales de '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3595
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fall back on three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "Falló el merge en retroceso de tres-vías...\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3609
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' with conflicts.\n"
+msgstr "Parche aplicado a '%s' con conflictos.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3614
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' cleanly.\n"
+msgstr "Parche aplicado a '%s' limpiamente\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3640
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr "parche de remoción deja contenidos en el archivo"
+
+#: apply.c:3712
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr "%s: tipo incorrecto"
+
+#: apply.c:3714
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr "%s tiene tipo %o, se esperaba %o"
+
+#: apply.c:3864 apply.c:3866
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid path '%s'"
+msgstr "ruta invalida '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3922
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr "%s: ya existe en el índice"
+
+#: apply.c:3925
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr "%s: ya existe en el directorio de trabajo"
+
+#: apply.c:3945
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr "nuevo modo (%o) de %s no concuerda con el viejo modo (%o)"
+
+#: apply.c:3950
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr "nuevo modo (%o) de %s no concuerda con el viejo modo (%o) de %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3970
+#, c-format
+msgid "affected file '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "archivo afectado '%s' esta tras un enlace simbólico"
+
+#: apply.c:3974
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr "%s: el parche no aplica"
+
+#: apply.c:3989
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr "Revisando el parche %s..."
+
+#: apply.c:4080
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless for submodule %s"
+msgstr "falta información del sha1 o es inútil para el submódulo %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4087
+#, c-format
+msgid "mode change for %s, which is not in current HEAD"
+msgstr "modo cambiado para %s, el cual no se encuentra en el HEAD actual"
+
+#: apply.c:4090
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless (%s)."
+msgstr "falta información sha1 o es inútil (%s)."
+
+#: apply.c:4095 builtin/checkout.c:235 builtin/reset.c:140
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "make_cache_entry falló para la ruta '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:4099
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not add %s to temporary index"
+msgstr "no se pudo añadir %s al índice temporal"
+
+#: apply.c:4109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write temporary index to %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo escribir un índice temporal para %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4247
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr "no se puede remover %s del índice"
+
+#: apply.c:4282
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
+msgstr "parche corrupto para el submódulo %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4288
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr "no es posible establecer el archivo recién creado '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:4296
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr ""
+"no es posible crear una copia de seguridad para el archivo recién creado %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4302 apply.c:4446
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr "no es posible agregar una entrada en el cache para %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4343
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to write to '%s'"
+msgstr "falló escribir para '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:4347
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr "cerrando archivo '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:4417
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr "no es posible escribir el archivo '%s' modo %o"
+
+#: apply.c:4515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr "Parche %s aplicado limpiamente."
+
+#: apply.c:4523
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr "error interno"
+
+#: apply.c:4526
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] "Aplicando parche %%s con %d rechazo..."
+msgstr[1] "Aplicando parche %%s con %d rechazos..."
+
+#: apply.c:4537
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr "truncando el nombre de archivo .rej a %.*s.rej"
+
+#: apply.c:4545 builtin/fetch.c:786 builtin/fetch.c:1036
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s"
+msgstr "no se puede abrir %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4559
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr "Hunk #%d aplicado limpiamente."
+
+#: apply.c:4563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr "Hunk #%d rechazado."
+
+#: apply.c:4673
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped patch '%s'."
+msgstr "Parche '%s' saltado."
+
+#: apply.c:4681
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr "input no reconocido"
+
+#: apply.c:4700
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr "no es posible leer el archivo índice"
+
+#: apply.c:4837
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s': %s"
+msgstr "no se puede abrir el parche '%s': %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4864
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] "%d error de espacios en blanco aplastado"
+msgstr[1] "%d errores de espacios en blanco aplastados"
+
+#: apply.c:4870 apply.c:4885
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d línea agrega errores de espacios en blanco."
+msgstr[1] "%d líneas agregan errores de espacios en blanco."
+
+#: apply.c:4878
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] ""
+"%d línea aplicada después de arreglar los errores de espacios en blanco."
+msgstr[1] ""
+"%d líneas aplicadas después de arreglar los errores de espacios en blanco."
+
+#: apply.c:4894 builtin/add.c:538 builtin/mv.c:300 builtin/rm.c:389
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "No es posible escribir el archivo índice"
+
+#: apply.c:4921 apply.c:4924 builtin/am.c:2254 builtin/am.c:2257
+#: builtin/clone.c:120 builtin/fetch.c:126 builtin/pull.c:198
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:405 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1210
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1213 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1584
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1587 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1807
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "path"
+msgstr "ruta"
+
+#: apply.c:4922
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "no aplicar cambios que concuerden con la ruta suministrada"
+
+#: apply.c:4925
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "aplicar cambios que concuerden con la ruta suministrada"
+
+#: apply.c:4927 builtin/am.c:2263
+msgid "num"
+msgstr "num"
+
+#: apply.c:4928
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr "remover <num> slashes iniciales de las rutas diff tradicionales"
+
+#: apply.c:4931
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr "ignorar adiciones hechas por el parche"
+
+#: apply.c:4933
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr "en lugar de aplicar el parche, mostrar diffstat para la entrada"
+
+#: apply.c:4937
+msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr "mostrar el numero de líneas agregadas y eliminadas en notación decimal"
+
+#: apply.c:4939
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr "en lugar de aplicar el parche, mostrar un resumen para la entrada"
+
+#: apply.c:4941
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr "en lugar de aplicar el parche, ver si el parche es aplicable"
+
+#: apply.c:4943
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr "asegurar que el parche es aplicable al índice actual"
+
+#: apply.c:4945
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr "aplicar un parche sin tocar el árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: apply.c:4947
+msgid "accept a patch that touches outside the working area"
+msgstr "aceptar un parche que toca fuera del área de trabajo"
+
+#: apply.c:4950
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr "también aplicar el parche ( usar con --stat/--summary/--check"
+
+#: apply.c:4952
+msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+msgstr "intentar merge de tres-vías si el parche no aplica"
+
+#: apply.c:4954
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr ""
+"construir un índice temporal basado en la información del índice incrustado"
+
+#: apply.c:4957 builtin/checkout-index.c:168 builtin/ls-files.c:515
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr "rutas están separadas con un carácter NULL"
+
+#: apply.c:4959
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr "asegure que por lo menos <n> líneas del contexto concuerden"
+
+#: apply.c:4960 builtin/am.c:2242 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:95
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:97 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:99
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3177
+msgid "action"
+msgstr "acción"
+
+#: apply.c:4961
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr ""
+"detectar líneas nuevas o modificadas que contienen errores de espacios en "
+"blanco"
+
+#: apply.c:4964 apply.c:4967
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr ""
+"ignorar cambios en los espacios en blanco cuando se encuentra el contexto"
+
+#: apply.c:4970
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr "aplicar el parche en reversa"
+
+#: apply.c:4972
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr "no espera al menos una línea del contexto"
+
+#: apply.c:4974
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr "dejar los hunks rechazados en los archivos *.rej correspontientes"
+
+#: apply.c:4976
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr "permitir solapamiento de hunks"
+
+#: apply.c:4977 builtin/add.c:290 builtin/check-ignore.c:21
+#: builtin/commit.c:1301 builtin/count-objects.c:98 builtin/fsck.c:666
+#: builtin/log.c:1901 builtin/mv.c:122 builtin/read-tree.c:124
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr "ser verboso"
+
+#: apply.c:4979
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr ""
+"tolerar nuevas líneas faltantes detectadas incorrectamente al final del "
+"archivo"
+
+#: apply.c:4982
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr "no confiar en el conteo de líneas en los headers del hunk"
+
+#: apply.c:4984 builtin/am.c:2251
+msgid "root"
+msgstr "raíz"
+
+#: apply.c:4985
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr "anteponer <root> a todos los nombres de archivos"
+
+#: archive.c:13
+msgid "git archive [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git archive [<opciones>] <parte-del-árbol> [<ruta>...]"
+
+#: archive.c:14
+msgid "git archive --list"
+msgstr "git archive --list"
+
+#: archive.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <comando> ] [<opciones>] <parte-del-"
+"árbol> [<ruta>...]"
+
+#: archive.c:16
+msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
+msgstr "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <comando>] --list"
+
+#: archive.c:351 builtin/add.c:176 builtin/add.c:514 builtin/rm.c:298
+#, c-format
+msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
+msgstr "ruta especificada '%s' no concordó con ninguna carpeta"
+
+#: archive.c:434
+msgid "fmt"
+msgstr "fmt"
+
+#: archive.c:434
+msgid "archive format"
+msgstr "formato del archivo"
+
+#: archive.c:435 builtin/log.c:1462
+msgid "prefix"
+msgstr "prefijo"
+
+#: archive.c:436
+msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
+msgstr "anteponer prefijo a cada ruta en el archivo"
+
+#: archive.c:437 builtin/blame.c:813 builtin/blame.c:814 builtin/config.c:127
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1007 builtin/fast-export.c:1009 builtin/grep.c:869
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103 builtin/ls-files.c:551 builtin/ls-files.c:554
+#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:568 builtin/read-tree.c:119
+#: parse-options.h:165
+msgid "file"
+msgstr "carpeta"
+
+#: archive.c:438 builtin/archive.c:89
+msgid "write the archive to this file"
+msgstr "escribe el archivo en esta carpeta"
+
+#: archive.c:440
+msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
+msgstr "leer .gitattributes en el directorio de trabajo"
+
+#: archive.c:441
+msgid "report archived files on stderr"
+msgstr "reportar archivos archivados por stderr"
+
+#: archive.c:442
+msgid "store only"
+msgstr "solo guardar"
+
+#: archive.c:443
+msgid "compress faster"
+msgstr "comprimir mas rápido"
+
+#: archive.c:451
+msgid "compress better"
+msgstr "comprimir mejor"
+
+#: archive.c:454
+msgid "list supported archive formats"
+msgstr "listar los formatos de carpeta soportados"
+
+#: archive.c:456 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:110 builtin/clone.c:113
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1222 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1593
+msgid "repo"
+msgstr "repo"
+
+#: archive.c:457 builtin/archive.c:91
+msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
+msgstr "obtener la carpeta del repositorio remoto <repo>"
+
+#: archive.c:458 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:489
+msgid "command"
+msgstr "comando"
+
+#: archive.c:459 builtin/archive.c:93
+msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
+msgstr "ruta para el comando git-upload-archivo remoto"
+
+#: archive.c:466
+msgid "Unexpected option --remote"
+msgstr "Opción inesperada --remote"
+
+#: archive.c:468
+msgid "Option --exec can only be used together with --remote"
+msgstr "Opción --exec solo puede ser utilizada con --remote"
+
+#: archive.c:470
+msgid "Unexpected option --output"
+msgstr "Opción inesperada --output"
+
+#: archive.c:492
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown archive format '%s'"
+msgstr "Formato de carpeta desconocido '%s'"
+
+#: archive.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid "Argument not supported for format '%s': -%d"
+msgstr "Argumento no soportado para formato '%s': -%d"
+
+#: attr.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "%.*s is not a valid attribute name"
+msgstr "%.*s no es un nombre de atributo valido"
+
+#: attr.c:415
+msgid ""
+"Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
+"Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
+msgstr ""
+"Los patrones negativos son ignorados en los atributos de git\n"
+"Usa '\\!' para comenzar literalmente con exclamación."
+
+#: bisect.c:461
+#, c-format
+msgid "Badly quoted content in file '%s': %s"
+msgstr "Revisa las comillas en el archivo '%s': %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:669
+#, c-format
+msgid "We cannot bisect more!\n"
+msgstr "No podemos bisecar mas!\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid commit name %s"
+msgstr "No es un nombre de commit valido %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:747
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is bad.\n"
+"This means the bug has been fixed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"La base de fisión %s esta mal.\n"
+"Esto quiere decir que el bug ha sido arreglado entre %s y [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:752
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is new.\n"
+"The property has changed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"La base de fisión %s es nueva.\n"
+"Esta propiedad ha cambiado entre %s y [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:757
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is %s.\n"
+"This means the first '%s' commit is between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"La base de fisión %s es %s.\n"
+"Esto quiere decir que el primer '%s' commit esta entre %s y [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Some %s revs are not ancestors of the %s rev.\n"
+"git bisect cannot work properly in this case.\n"
+"Maybe you mistook %s and %s revs?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Algunas %s revisiones no son ancestros de la revisión %s.\n"
+"git bisect no puede trabajar bien en este caso.\n"
+"Tal vez confundió la revisión %s y %s?\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:778
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the merge base between %s and [%s] must be skipped.\n"
+"So we cannot be sure the first %s commit is between %s and %s.\n"
+"We continue anyway."
+msgstr ""
+"la base de fusión entre %s y [%s] tiene que ser saltada.\n"
+"Así que no podemos estar seguros que el primer %s commit esta entre%s y %s.\n"
+"Vamos a continuar de todas maneras."
+
+#: bisect.c:811
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: a merge base must be tested\n"
+msgstr "Bisectando: una base de fisión debe ser probada\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:851
+#, c-format
+msgid "a %s revision is needed"
+msgstr "una %s revisión es necesaria"
+
+#: bisect.c:870 builtin/notes.c:175 builtin/tag.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo crear el archivo '%s'"
+
+#: bisect.c:921
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read file '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer el archivo '%s'"
+
+#: bisect.c:951
+msgid "reading bisect refs failed"
+msgstr "falló leer las refs de bisect"
+
+#: bisect.c:970
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s was both %s and %s\n"
+msgstr "%s fue tanto %s como %s\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:978
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No testable commit found.\n"
+"Maybe you started with bad path parameters?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"No se encontró commit que se pueda probar.\n"
+"¿Quizás iniciaste con parámetros de rutas incorrectos?\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:997
+#, c-format
+msgid "(roughly %d step)"
+msgid_plural "(roughly %d steps)"
+msgstr[0] "(aproximadamente %d paso)"
+msgstr[1] "(aproximadamente %d pasos)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the last %s will be replaced with "(roughly %d
+#. steps)" translation.
+#.
+#: bisect.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: %d revision left to test after this %s\n"
+msgid_plural "Bisecting: %d revisions left to test after this %s\n"
+msgstr[0] "Bisectando: falta %d revisión por probar después de esto %s\n"
+msgstr[1] "Bisectando: faltan %d revisiones por probar después de esto %s\n"
+
+#: blame.c:1756
+msgid "--contents and --reverse do not blend well."
+msgstr "--contents y --reverse no se mezclan bien."
+
+#: blame.c:1767
+msgid "cannot use --contents with final commit object name"
+msgstr "no se puede usar --contents con el nombre de objeto commit final"
+
+#: blame.c:1787
+msgid "--reverse and --first-parent together require specified latest commit"
+msgstr ""
+"--reverse y --first-parent juntos requieren especificar el último commit"
+
+#: blame.c:1796 bundle.c:160 ref-filter.c:2075 sequencer.c:1861
+#: sequencer.c:3632 builtin/commit.c:981 builtin/log.c:366 builtin/log.c:920
+#: builtin/log.c:1371 builtin/log.c:1702 builtin/log.c:1950 builtin/merge.c:372
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:192
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr "falló la configuración del camino de revisión"
+
+#: blame.c:1814
+msgid ""
+"--reverse --first-parent together require range along first-parent chain"
+msgstr ""
+"--reverse --first-parent juntos requieren un rango a lo largo de la cadena "
+"del primer padre"
+
+#: blame.c:1825
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such path %s in %s"
+msgstr "no hay una ruta %s en %s"
+
+#: blame.c:1836
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read blob %s for path %s"
+msgstr "no se puede leer el blob %s para la ruta %s"
+
+#: branch.c:54
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"After fixing the error cause you may try to fix up\n"
+"the remote tracking information by invoking\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Tras arreglar la causa del error puedes intentar arreglar\n"
+"la infamación del rastreo remoto invocando\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
+
+#: branch.c:68
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
+msgstr "La rama %s no se configura como su propio upstream."
+
+#: branch.c:94
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"Rama '%s' configurada para hacer seguimiento a la rama remota '%s' de '%s' "
+"por rebase."
+
+#: branch.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Rama '%s' configurada para hacer seguimiento a la rama remota '%s' de '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"Rama '%s' configurada para hacer seguimiento a la rama local '%s' por rebase."
+
+#: branch.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Rama '%s' configurada para hacer seguimiento a la rama local '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"Rama '%s' configurada para hacer seguimiento a la referencia remota '%s' por "
+"rebase."
+
+#: branch.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Rama '%s' configurada para hacer seguimiento a la referencia remota '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"Rama '%s' configurada para hacer seguimiento a la referencia local '%s' por "
+"rebase."
+
+#: branch.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Rama '%s' configurada para hacer seguimiento a la referencia local '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:120
+msgid "Unable to write upstream branch configuration"
+msgstr "No es posible escribir la configuración de la rama upstream"
+
+#: branch.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"
+msgstr "No rastreando: información ambigua para la referencia %s"
+
+#: branch.c:190
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid branch name."
+msgstr "'%s' no es un nombre valido de rama."
+
+#: branch.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Una rama llamada '%s' ya existe."
+
+#: branch.c:214
+msgid "Cannot force update the current branch."
+msgstr "No se puede forzar la actualización de la rama actual."
+
+#: branch.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch."
+msgstr ""
+"No se puede configurar el rastreo de información; el punto de partida '%s' "
+"no es una rama."
+
+#: branch.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "la rama de upstream solicitada '%s' no existe"
+
+#: branch.c:238
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
+"branch that already exists at the remote, you may need to\n"
+"run \"git fetch\" to retrieve it.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you are planning to push out a new local branch that\n"
+"will track its remote counterpart, you may want to use\n"
+"\"git push -u\" to set the upstream config as you push."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Si estas planeando basar tu trabajo en una rama upstream\n"
+"que ya existe en el remoto, tal vez necesites ejecutar\n"
+"\"git fetch\" para recibirla.\n"
+"\n"
+"Si estás planeando hacer push a una nueva rama local que\n"
+"va a rastrear a su contraparte remota, tal vez quieras usar\n"
+"\"git push -u\" para configurar tu upstream predeterminado cuando realizas "
+"el push."
+
+#: branch.c:281
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'."
+msgstr "Nombre de objeto no valido: '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "Ambiguous object name: '%s'."
+msgstr "Nombre de objeto ambiguo: '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid branch point: '%s'."
+msgstr "Punto de rama no valido: '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:360
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' ya ha sido marcado en '%s'"
+
+#: branch.c:383
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD of working tree %s is not updated"
+msgstr "HEAD del árbol de trabajo %s no esta actualizada"
+
+#: bundle.c:34
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
+msgstr "'%s' no se ve como un archivo bundle v2"
+
+#: bundle.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
+msgstr "header no reconocido %s%s (%d)"
+
+#: bundle.c:88 sequencer.c:2081 sequencer.c:2558 builtin/commit.c:755
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo abrir '%s'"
+
+#: bundle.c:139
+msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
+msgstr "Al repositorio le falta estos commits prerrequisito:"
+
+#: bundle.c:190
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle contains this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle contains these %d refs:"
+msgstr[0] "El bundle contiene esta referencia:"
+msgstr[1] "El bundle contiene estas %d referencias:"
+
+#: bundle.c:197
+msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
+msgstr "El bundle registra una historia completa."
+
+#: bundle.c:199
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle requires this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs:"
+msgstr[0] "El bundle requiere esta referencia:"
+msgstr[1] "El bundle requiere estas %d referencias:"
+
+#: bundle.c:258
+msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
+msgstr "No se pudo crear los pack-objetcts"
+
+#: bundle.c:269
+msgid "pack-objects died"
+msgstr "pack-objects murió"
+
+#: bundle.c:311
+msgid "rev-list died"
+msgstr "rev-list murió"
+
+#: bundle.c:360
+#, c-format
+msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
+msgstr "referencia '%s' es excluida por las opciones de rev-list"
+
+#: bundle.c:450 builtin/log.c:183 builtin/log.c:1607 builtin/shortlog.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
+msgstr "argumento no reconocido: %s"
+
+#: bundle.c:458
+msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
+msgstr "Rechazando crear un bundle vacío."
+
+#: bundle.c:470
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot create '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede crear '%s'"
+
+#: bundle.c:498
+msgid "index-pack died"
+msgstr "index-pack murió"
+
+#: color.c:296
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid color value: %.*s"
+msgstr "color inválido: %.*s"
+
+#: commit.c:43 sequencer.c:2364 builtin/am.c:421 builtin/am.c:465
+#: builtin/am.c:1436 builtin/am.c:2072 builtin/replace.c:376
+#: builtin/replace.c:448
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse %s"
+msgstr "no se puede analizar %s"
+
+#: commit.c:45
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "%s %s no es un commit!"
+
+#: commit.c:182
+msgid ""
+"Support for <GIT_DIR>/info/grafts is deprecated\n"
+"and will be removed in a future Git version.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please use \"git replace --convert-graft-file\"\n"
+"to convert the grafts into replace refs.\n"
+"\n"
+"Turn this message off by running\n"
+"\"git config advice.graftFileDeprecated false\""
+msgstr ""
+"El soporte para <GIT_DIR>/info/grafts ha sido deprecado\n"
+"y será removido en una versión futura de Git.\n"
+"\n"
+"Por favor use \"git replace --convert-graft-file\"\n"
+"para convertir los grafts en refs.\n"
+"\n"
+"Apapa este mensaje ejecutando\n"
+"\"git config advice.graftFileDeprecated false\""
+
+#: commit.c:1540
+msgid ""
+"Warning: commit message did not conform to UTF-8.\n"
+"You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
+"variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Peligro: el mensaje del commit no se ajusta a UTF-8.\n"
+"Tal vez quiera enmendarlo después de arreglar el mensaje, o arreglar la\n"
+"variable de configuración i18n.commitencoding para la codificación que usa "
+"su proyecto.\n"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:669
+#, c-format
+msgid "the commit graph format cannot write %d commits"
+msgstr "el formato de gráficos de commit no pudede escribir %d commits"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:696
+msgid "too many commits to write graph"
+msgstr "demasiados commits para escribir el gráfico"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:707 builtin/init-db.c:516 builtin/init-db.c:521
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr "no se pude crear directorio %s"
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:405 compat/obstack.c:407
+msgid "memory exhausted"
+msgstr "memoria agotada"
+
+#: config.c:187
+msgid "relative config include conditionals must come from files"
+msgstr ""
+"la configuración relativa incluye condicionales que deben venir de archivos"
+
+#: config.c:788
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in blob %s"
+msgstr "mala línea de config %d en el blob %s"
+
+#: config.c:792
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in file %s"
+msgstr "mala línea de config %d en el archivo %s"
+
+#: config.c:796
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in standard input"
+msgstr "mala línea de config %d en la entrada standard"
+
+#: config.c:800
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in submodule-blob %s"
+msgstr "mala línea de config %d en el submódulo-blob %s"
+
+#: config.c:804
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in command line %s"
+msgstr "mala línea de config %d en la línea de comando %s"
+
+#: config.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in %s"
+msgstr "mala línea de config %d en %s"
+
+#: config.c:936
+msgid "out of range"
+msgstr "fuera de rango"
+
+#: config.c:936
+msgid "invalid unit"
+msgstr "unidad invalida"
+
+#: config.c:942
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': %s"
+msgstr "mal valor de config numérica '%s' para '%s': %s"
+
+#: config.c:947
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in blob %s: %s"
+msgstr "mal valor de config numérica '%s' para '%s' en el blob %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:950
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in file %s: %s"
+msgstr "mal valor de config numérica '%s' para '%s' en el archivo %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:953
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in standard input: %s"
+msgstr "mal valor de config numérica '%s' para '%s' en la entrada standard: %s"
+
+#: config.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in submodule-blob %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"mal valor de config numérica '%s' para '%s' en el submódulo-blob %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:959
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in command line %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"mal valor de config numérica '%s' para '%s' en la línea de comando %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:962
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
+msgstr "mal valor de config numérica '%s' para '%s' en %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:1057
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to expand user dir in: '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al expandir el directorio de usuario en: '%s'"
+
+#: config.c:1066
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
+msgstr "'%s' para '%s' no es una marca de tiempo válida"
+
+#: config.c:1171 config.c:1182
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad zlib compression level %d"
+msgstr "mala compresión zlib en nivel %d"
+
+#: config.c:1307
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid mode for object creation: %s"
+msgstr "modo invalido de creación de objetos: %s"
+
+#: config.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack compression level %d"
+msgstr "mala compresión pack en el nivel %d"
+
+#: config.c:1681
+msgid "unable to parse command-line config"
+msgstr "no es posible analizar la configuración de la línea de comando"
+
+#: config.c:2013
+msgid "unknown error occurred while reading the configuration files"
+msgstr ""
+"error desconocido ocurrió mientras se leían los archivos de configuración"
+
+#: config.c:2200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "Invalido %s: '%s'"
+
+#: config.c:2243
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown core.untrackedCache value '%s'; using 'keep' default value"
+msgstr ""
+"valor core.untrackedCache '%s' desconocido; usando 'keep' como valor por "
+"defecto"
+
+#: config.c:2269
+#, c-format
+msgid "splitIndex.maxPercentChange value '%d' should be between 0 and 100"
+msgstr "valor splitIndex.maxPercentChange '%d' debe estar entre 0 y 100"
+
+#: config.c:2294
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse '%s' from command-line config"
+msgstr "no es posible analizar '%s' de la configuración de la línea de comando"
+
+#: config.c:2296
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config variable '%s' in file '%s' at line %d"
+msgstr "mala variable de config '%s' en el archivo '%s' en la línea %d"
+
+#: config.c:2402
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has multiple values"
+msgstr "%s tiene múltiples valores"
+
+#: config.c:2766 config.c:3019
+#, c-format
+msgid "fstat on %s failed"
+msgstr "fstat en %s falló"
+
+#: config.c:2905
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not set '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo configurar '%s' a '%s'"
+
+#: config.c:2907 builtin/remote.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not unset '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo desactivar '%s'"
+
+#: connect.c:61
+msgid "The remote end hung up upon initial contact"
+msgstr "El remoto se colgó en el contacto inicial"
+
+#: connect.c:63
+msgid ""
+"Could not read from remote repository.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please make sure you have the correct access rights\n"
+"and the repository exists."
+msgstr ""
+"No se pudo leer del repositorio remoto.\n"
+"\n"
+"Por favor asegúrese que tiene los permisos de acceso correctos\n"
+"y que el repositorio existe."
+
+#: connected.c:66 builtin/fsck.c:201 builtin/prune.c:145
+msgid "Checking connectivity"
+msgstr "Verificando conectividad"
+
+#: connected.c:78
+msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
+msgstr "No se pudo correr 'git rev-list'"
+
+#: connected.c:98
+msgid "failed write to rev-list"
+msgstr "falló escribir a rev-list"
+
+#: connected.c:105
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin"
+msgstr "falló al cerrar la entrada standard de rev-list"
+
+#: convert.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "CRLF would be replaced by LF in %s."
+msgstr "CRLF será reemplazado por LF en %s."
+
+#: convert.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CRLF will be replaced by LF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"CRLF será remplazado por LF en %s.\n"
+"El archivo tendrá sus finales de línea originales en tu directorio de "
+"trabajo."
+
+#: convert.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "LF would be replaced by CRLF in %s"
+msgstr "LF será reemplazado por CRLF en %s"
+
+#: convert.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"LF will be replaced by CRLF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"LF será reemplazado por CRLF en %s.\n"
+"El archivo tendrá sus finales de línea originales en tu directorio de "
+"trabajo."
+
+#: convert.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "BOM is prohibited in '%s' if encoded as %s"
+msgstr "BOM está prohibido en '%s' si es codificado como %s"
+
+#: convert.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The file '%s' contains a byte order mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%s as working-"
+"tree-encoding."
+msgstr ""
+"El archivo '%s' contiene una marca de byte (BOM). Por favor usa UTF-%s como "
+"working-tree-encoding."
+
+#: convert.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "BOM is required in '%s' if encoded as %s"
+msgstr "BOM es requerido en '%s' si es codificado como %s"
+
+#: convert.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The file '%s' is missing a byte order mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%sBE or UTF-"
+"%sLE (depending on the byte order) as working-tree-encoding."
+msgstr ""
+"Al archivo '%s' le falta una marca de byte (BOM). Por favor usa UTF-%sBE o "
+"UTF-%sLE (dependiendo en el orden de byte) como working-tree-encoding."
+
+#: convert.c:424
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to encode '%s' from %s to %s"
+msgstr "falló al codificar '%s' de %s a %s"
+
+#: convert.c:467
+#, c-format
+msgid "encoding '%s' from %s to %s and back is not the same"
+msgstr "codificación '%s' de %s a %s y de vuelta no son iguales"
+
+#: convert.c:1225
+msgid "true/false are no valid working-tree-encodings"
+msgstr "true/false no son working-tree-encodings válidos"
+
+#: date.c:116
+msgid "in the future"
+msgstr "en el futuro"
+
+#: date.c:122
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> second ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> seconds ago"
+msgstr[0] "hace %<PRIuMAX> segundo"
+msgstr[1] "hace %<PRIuMAX> segundos"
+
+#: date.c:129
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> minutes ago"
+msgstr[0] "hace %<PRIuMAX> minuto"
+msgstr[1] "hace %<PRIuMAX> minutos"
+
+#: date.c:136
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> hours ago"
+msgstr[0] "hace %<PRIuMAX> hora"
+msgstr[1] "hace %<PRIuMAX> horas"
+
+#: date.c:143
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> day ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> days ago"
+msgstr[0] "hace %<PRIuMAX> día"
+msgstr[1] "hace %<PRIuMAX> días"
+
+#: date.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> week ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> weeks ago"
+msgstr[0] "hace %<PRIuMAX> semana"
+msgstr[1] "hace %<PRIuMAX> semanas"
+
+#: date.c:156
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "hace %<PRIuMAX> mes"
+msgstr[1] "hace %<PRIuMAX> meses"
+
+#: date.c:167
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> año"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> años"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: "%s" is "<n> years"
+#: date.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, %<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%s, y %<PRIuMAX> mes atrás"
+msgstr[1] "%s, y %<PRIuMAX> meses atrás"
+
+#: date.c:175 date.c:180
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years ago"
+msgstr[0] "hace %<PRIuMAX> año"
+msgstr[1] "hace %<PRIuMAX> años"
+
+#: diffcore-order.c:24
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read orderfile '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al leer orden de archivos '%s'"
+
+#: diffcore-rename.c:535
+msgid "Performing inexact rename detection"
+msgstr "Realizando una detección de cambios de nombre inexacta"
+
+#: diff.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' requires a value"
+msgstr "opción '%s' requiere un valor"
+
+#: diff.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
+msgstr "  Falló al analizar dirstat porcentaje de corte '%s'\n"
+
+#: diff.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
+msgstr "  parámetro '%s' de dirstat desconocido\n"
+
+#: diff.c:281
+msgid ""
+"color moved setting must be one of 'no', 'default', 'zebra', 'dimmed_zebra', "
+"'plain'"
+msgstr ""
+"opción de color debe ser una entre 'no', 'default', 'zebra', 'dimmed_zebra, "
+"'plain'"
+
+#: diff.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"Valor para la variable de configuración 'diff.submodule' desconocido: '%s'"
+
+#: diff.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Errores en la variable de config 'diff.dirstat' encontrados:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: diff.c:3823
+#, c-format
+msgid "external diff died, stopping at %s"
+msgstr "diff externo murió, deteniendo en %s"
+
+#: diff.c:4153
+msgid "--name-only, --name-status, --check and -s are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "--name-only, --name-status, --check y -s son mutuamente exclusivas"
+
+#: diff.c:4156
+msgid "-G, -S and --find-object are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-G, -S y --find-object son mutuamente exclusivas"
+
+#: diff.c:4244
+msgid "--follow requires exactly one pathspec"
+msgstr "--follow requiere exactamente un pathspec"
+
+#: diff.c:4410
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Falló al analizar parámetro de opción --dirstat/-X:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: diff.c:4424
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
+msgstr "Falló al analizar parámetro de opción --submodule: '%s'"
+
+#: diff.c:5500
+msgid "inexact rename detection was skipped due to too many files."
+msgstr ""
+"detección de cambio de nombre inexacta fue saltada por haber muchos archivos."
+
+#: diff.c:5503
+msgid "only found copies from modified paths due to too many files."
+msgstr ""
+"solo se encontraron copias de rutas modificadas por haber muchos archivos."
+
+#: diff.c:5506
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you may want to set your %s variable to at least %d and retry the command."
+msgstr ""
+"tal vez quiera configurar la variable %s para por lo menos %d y volver a "
+"intentar el comando."
+
+#: dir.c:1867
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open directory '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo abrir el directorio '%s'"
+
+#: dir.c:2109
+msgid "failed to get kernel name and information"
+msgstr "falló al conseguir la información y nombre del kernel"
+
+#: dir.c:2233
+msgid "Untracked cache is disabled on this system or location."
+msgstr "Untracked cache esta desactivado en este sistema o ubicación."
+
+#: dir.c:3075 dir.c:3080
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directories for %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo crear directorios para %s"
+
+#: dir.c:3109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not migrate git directory from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo migrar el directorio git de '%s' a '%s'"
+
+#: editor.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: Waiting for your editor to close the file...%c"
+msgstr "ayuda: Esperando que tu editor cierre el archivo ...%c"
+
+#: entry.c:177
+msgid "Filtering content"
+msgstr "Filtrando contenido"
+
+#: entry.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat file '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo establecer el archivo '%s'"
+
+#: fetch-object.c:17
+msgid "Remote with no URL"
+msgstr "Remoto sin URL"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:254
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected shallow list"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: lista poco profunda esperada"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:266
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: se esperaba ACK/NAK, se obtuvo un flush packet"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:285 builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr "error remoto: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: se esperaba ACK/NAK, se obtuvo '%s'"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:338
+msgid "--stateless-rpc requires multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "--stateless-rpc requiere multi_ack_detailed"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:429 fetch-pack.c:1310
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid shallow line: %s"
+msgstr "línea poco profunda invalida: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:435 fetch-pack.c:1316
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid unshallow line: %s"
+msgstr "línea superficial inválida: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:437 fetch-pack.c:1318
+#, c-format
+msgid "object not found: %s"
+msgstr "objeto no encontrado: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:440 fetch-pack.c:1321
+#, c-format
+msgid "error in object: %s"
+msgstr "error en objeto: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:442 fetch-pack.c:1323
+#, c-format
+msgid "no shallow found: %s"
+msgstr "superficie no encontrada: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:445 fetch-pack.c:1326
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected shallow/unshallow, got %s"
+msgstr "se esperaba shallow/unshallow, se obtuvo %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:486
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s %d %s"
+msgstr "se obtuvo %s %d %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit %s"
+msgstr "commit inválido %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:533
+msgid "giving up"
+msgstr "rindiéndose"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:543 progress.c:229
+msgid "done"
+msgstr "listo"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:555
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s (%d) %s"
+msgstr "se obtuvo %s (%d) %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:601
+#, c-format
+msgid "Marking %s as complete"
+msgstr "Marcando %s como completa"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:828
+#, c-format
+msgid "already have %s (%s)"
+msgstr "ya se tiene %s (%s)"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:869
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "fetch-pack: no se puede extraer un demultiplexor de banda lateral"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:877
+msgid "protocol error: bad pack header"
+msgstr "error de protocolo: mal paquete de header"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:944
+#, c-format
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off %s"
+msgstr "fetch-pack: no se puede quitar %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:960
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s failed"
+msgstr "%s falló"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:962
+msgid "error in sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "error en demultiplexor de banda lateral"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:989
+msgid "Server does not support shallow clients"
+msgstr "Servidor no soporta clientes superficiales"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:993
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "Servidor soporta ulti_ack_detailed"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:996
+msgid "Server supports no-done"
+msgstr "Servidor soporta no-done"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1002
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack"
+msgstr "Servidor soporta multi_ack"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1006
+msgid "Server supports side-band-64k"
+msgstr "Servidor soporta side-band-64k"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1010
+msgid "Server supports side-band"
+msgstr "Servidor soporta side-band"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1014
+msgid "Server supports allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "Servidor soporta allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1018
+msgid "Server supports allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "Servidor soporta allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1028
+msgid "Server supports ofs-delta"
+msgstr "Servidor soporta ofs-delta"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1034 fetch-pack.c:1204
+msgid "Server supports filter"
+msgstr "Servidor soporta filtro"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1042
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server version is %.*s"
+msgstr "Versión de servidor es %.*s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1048
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-since"
+msgstr "Servidor no soporta --shalow-since"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1052
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-exclude"
+msgstr "Servidor no soporta --shalow-exclude"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1054
+msgid "Server does not support --deepen"
+msgstr "Servidor no soporta --deepen"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1065
+msgid "no common commits"
+msgstr "no hay commits comunes"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1077 fetch-pack.c:1414
+msgid "git fetch-pack: fetch failed."
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: fetch falló."
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1199
+msgid "Server does not support shallow requests"
+msgstr "Servidor no soporta peticiones superficiales"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1584
+msgid "no matching remote head"
+msgstr "no concuerda el head remoto"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1610
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such remote ref %s"
+msgstr "no existe ref remota %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1613
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server does not allow request for unadvertised object %s"
+msgstr "Servidor no permite solicitudes de objetos inadvertidos %s"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:185
+msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
+msgstr "gpg falló al firmar la data"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:210
+msgid "could not create temporary file"
+msgstr "no se pudo crear archivo temporal"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:213
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al escribir la firma separada para '%s'"
+
+#: graph.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignore invalid color '%.*s' in log.graphColors"
+msgstr "ignora color invalido '%.*s' en log.graphColors"
+
+#: grep.c:2020
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
+msgstr "'%s': no es posible leer %s"
+
+#: grep.c:2037 setup.c:164 builtin/clone.c:409 builtin/diff.c:81
+#: builtin/rm.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al marcar '%s'"
+
+#: grep.c:2048
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': short read"
+msgstr "'%s': lectura corta"
+
+#: help.c:23
+msgid "start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)"
+msgstr "comienza un área de trabajo (ver también: git help tutorial)"
+
+#: help.c:24
+msgid "work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)"
+msgstr "trabaja en los cambios actuales (ver también: git help everyday)"
+
+#: help.c:25
+msgid "examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)"
+msgstr "examina el historial y el estado (ver también: git help revisions)"
+
+#: help.c:26
+msgid "grow, mark and tweak your common history"
+msgstr "crece, marca y ajusta tu historial común"
+
+#: help.c:27
+msgid "collaborate (see also: git help workflows)"
+msgstr "colabora (mira también: git help workflows)"
+
+#: help.c:31
+msgid "Main Porcelain Commands"
+msgstr "Comandos de Porcelana principales"
+
+#: help.c:32
+msgid "Ancillary Commands / Manipulators"
+msgstr "Comandos auxiliares / Manipuladores"
+
+#: help.c:33
+msgid "Ancillary Commands / Interrogators"
+msgstr "Comandos auxiliares / Interrogadores"
+
+#: help.c:34
+msgid "Interacting with Others"
+msgstr "Interactuando con Otros"
+
+#: help.c:35
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Manipulators"
+msgstr "Comandos de bajo nivel / Manipuladores"
+
+#: help.c:36
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Interrogators"
+msgstr "Comandos de bajo nivel / Interrogadores"
+
+#: help.c:37
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Synching Repositories"
+msgstr "Comandos de bajo nivel / Sincronización de repositorios"
+
+#: help.c:38
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Internal Helpers"
+msgstr "Comandos de bajo nivel / Auxiliares internos"
+
+#: help.c:293
+#, c-format
+msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
+msgstr "comandos disponibles de git en '%s'"
+
+#: help.c:300
+msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
+msgstr "comandos disponibles de git desde otro lugar en tu $PATH"
+
+#: help.c:309
+msgid "These are common Git commands used in various situations:"
+msgstr "Estos son comandos comunes de Git usados en varias situaciones:"
+
+#: help.c:358 git.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported command listing type '%s'"
+msgstr "comando de listado de tipos no soportado '%s'"
+
+#: help.c:405
+msgid "The common Git guides are:"
+msgstr "Las guías comunes de Git son:"
+
+#: help.c:467
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
+"able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' parece ser un comando de git, pero no hemos\n"
+"podido ejecutarlo. Tal vez git-%s se ha roto?"
+
+#: help.c:526
+msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
+msgstr "Oh oh. Tu sistema no reporta ningún comando de Git."
+
+#: help.c:548
+#, c-format
+msgid "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist."
+msgstr "PELIGRO: Has llamado a un comando de Git '%s', el cual no existe."
+
+#: help.c:553
+#, c-format
+msgid "Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr "Continuando asumiendo que quisiste decir '%s'."
+
+#: help.c:558
+#, c-format
+msgid "Continuing in %0.1f seconds, assuming that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr "Continuando en %0.1f segundos, asumiendo que tu dijiste '%s'."
+
+#: help.c:566
+#, c-format
+msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
+msgstr "git: '%s'no es un comando de git. Mira 'git --help'."
+
+#: help.c:570
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar command is"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar commands are"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"\n"
+"El comando mas similar es"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"\n"
+"Los comandos mas similares son"
+
+#: help.c:585
+msgid "git version [<options>]"
+msgstr "git versión [<opciones>]"
+
+#: help.c:652
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s - %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s - %s"
+
+#: help.c:656
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean this?"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean one of these?"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"\n"
+"Quisiste decir esto?"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"\n"
+"Quisiste decir alguno de estos?"
+
+#: ident.c:342
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"*** Please tell me who you are.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"\n"
+"to set your account's default identity.\n"
+"Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"*** Por favor cuéntame quien eres.\n"
+"\n"
+"Corre\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Tu Nombre\"\n"
+"\n"
+"para configurar la identidad por defecto de tu cuenta.\n"
+"Omite --global para configurar tu identidad solo en este repositorio.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: ident.c:366
+msgid "no email was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "no se entrego ningún email y la detección automática esta desactivada"
+
+#: ident.c:371
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to auto-detect email address (got '%s')"
+msgstr "no es posible auto-detectar la dirección de correo (se obtuvo '%s')"
+
+#: ident.c:381
+msgid "no name was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "no se entrego ningún nombre y la detección automática esta desactivada"
+
+#: ident.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to auto-detect name (got '%s')"
+msgstr "no es posible auto-detectar el nombre (se obtuvo '%s')"
+
+#: ident.c:395
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty ident name (for <%s>) not allowed"
+msgstr "no se puede tener un nombre vacío (para <%s>)"
+
+#: ident.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "name consists only of disallowed characters: %s"
+msgstr "el nombre consiste solo de caracteres no permitidos: %s"
+
+#: ident.c:416 builtin/commit.c:587
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid date format: %s"
+msgstr "formato de fecha invalido: %s"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:36
+msgid "multiple filter-specs cannot be combined"
+msgstr "no se pueden combinar múltiples tipos de especificaciones de filtro"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:126
+msgid "cannot change partial clone promisor remote"
+msgstr "no se puede cambiar un clon parcial remoto promisor"
+
+#: lockfile.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to create '%s.lock': %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another git process seems to be running in this repository, e.g.\n"
+"an editor opened by 'git commit'. Please make sure all processes\n"
+"are terminated then try again. If it still fails, a git process\n"
+"may have crashed in this repository earlier:\n"
+"remove the file manually to continue."
+msgstr ""
+"No se puede crear '%s.lock': %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Otro proceso git parece estar corriendo en el repositorio, es decir\n"
+"un editor abierto con 'git commit'. Por favor asegúrese de que todos los "
+"procesos\n"
+"están terminados y vuelve a intentar. Si el fallo permanece, un proceso git\n"
+"puede haber roto el repositorio antes:\n"
+"borra el archivo manualmente para continuar."
+
+#: lockfile.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to create '%s.lock': %s"
+msgstr "No se pudo crear '%s.lock': %s"
+
+#: merge.c:71
+msgid "failed to read the cache"
+msgstr "falló al leer la cache"
+
+#: merge.c:136 builtin/am.c:1946 builtin/am.c:1980 builtin/checkout.c:378
+#: builtin/checkout.c:606 builtin/clone.c:761
+msgid "unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "no es posible escribir el archivo índice"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:298
+msgid "(bad commit)\n"
+msgstr "(mal commit)\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:320
+#, c-format
+msgid "add_cacheinfo failed for path '%s'; merge aborting."
+msgstr "add_cacheinfo falló para la ruta '%s'; abortando fusión."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "add_cacheinfo failed to refresh for path '%s'; merge aborting."
+msgstr "add_cacheinfo falló para refrescar la ruta '%s'; abortando fusión."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:410
+msgid "error building trees"
+msgstr "error construyendo árboles"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:881
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create path '%s'%s"
+msgstr "falló al crear la ruta '%s'%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:892
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"
+msgstr "Removiendo %s para hacer espacio para un subdirectorio\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:906 merge-recursive.c:925
+msgid ": perhaps a D/F conflict?"
+msgstr ": tal vez un conflicto D/F?"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:915
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"
+msgstr "rehusando perder el archivo rastreado en '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:957 builtin/cat-file.c:37
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede leer el objeto %s '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:959
+#, c-format
+msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
+msgstr "se esperaba blob para %s '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to open '%s': %s"
+msgstr "falló al abrir '%s': %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:994
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to symlink '%s': %s"
+msgstr "falló al crear el enlace simbólico '%s': %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:999
+#, c-format
+msgid "do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"
+msgstr "no se que hacer con %06o %s '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1186
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (not checked out)"
+msgstr "Falló al fusionar el submódulo %s (no revisado)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1193
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (commits not present)"
+msgstr "Falló al fusionar el submódulo %s (commits no presentes)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (commits don't follow merge-base)"
+msgstr "Falló el fusionar submódulo %s (commits no siguen la fusión base)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1208 merge-recursive.c:1220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding submodule %s to the following commit:"
+msgstr "Haciendo fast-forward a submódulo %s para el siguiente commit:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1211 merge-recursive.c:1223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding submodule %s"
+msgstr "Avance rápido en submódulo %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1245
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (merge following commits not found)"
+msgstr ""
+"Falló al fusionar submódulo %s (los siguentes commits no fueron encontrados)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1249
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (not fast-forward)"
+msgstr "Falló al fusionar el submódulo %s (no es posible avance rápido)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1250
+msgid "Found a possible merge resolution for the submodule:\n"
+msgstr "Se encontró una posible solución de fusión para el submódulo:\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1253
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If this is correct simply add it to the index for example\n"
+"by using:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n"
+"\n"
+"which will accept this suggestion.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Si esto es correcto simplemente agrégalo al índice por ejemplo\n"
+"usando:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n"
+"\n"
+"el cual aceptará esta sugerencia.\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1262
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (multiple merges found)"
+msgstr "Falló al fusionar el submódulo %s (fusiones múltiples encontradas)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1321
+msgid "Failed to execute internal merge"
+msgstr "Falló al ejecutar la fusión interna"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1326
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add %s to database"
+msgstr "No es posible agregar %s a la base de datos"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1358
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto-merging %s"
+msgstr "Auto-fusionando %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1423
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error: Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; writing to %s instead."
+msgstr ""
+"Error: Rehusando perder el archivo no rastreado en %s; escribiéndolo a %s en "
+"cambio."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1475
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree."
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLICTO (%s/borrar): %s borrado en %s y %s en %s. Falta versión %s de %s "
+"en el árbol."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1480
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree."
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLICTO (%s/borrar): %s borrado en %s y %s para %s en %s. Versión %s de %s "
+"permanece en el árbol."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1487
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLICTO (%s/eliminar): %s eliminado en %s y %s en %s. Versión %s de %s "
+"dejada en el árbol, en %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1492
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLICTO (%s/borrar): %s borrado en %s y %s para %s en %s. Versión %s de %s "
+"permanece en el árbol en %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1526
+msgid "rename"
+msgstr "renombrar"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1526
+msgid "renamed"
+msgstr "renombrado"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1580 merge-recursive.c:1736 merge-recursive.c:2368
+#: merge-recursive.c:3086
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"
+msgstr "Rehusando perder el archivo sucio en %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1594
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "%s es un directorio en %s agregando como %s más bien"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1599
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; adding as %s instead"
+msgstr ""
+"Rehusando perder el archivo no rastreado en %s; agregándolo como %s en cambio"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1625
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" rename \"%s"
+"\"->\"%s\" in \"%s\"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLICTO (renombrar/renombrar): Renombrar \"%s\"->\"%s\" en la rama \"%s\" "
+"renombrar \"%s\"->\"%s\" en \"%s\"%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1630
+msgid " (left unresolved)"
+msgstr " (dejado sin resolver)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1694
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename %s->%s in %s. Rename %s->%s in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLICTO (renombrar/renombrar): Renombrar %s->%s en %s. Renombrar %s->%s en "
+"%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1733
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
+msgstr "Renombrando %s a %s y %s a %s más bien"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1745
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose untracked file at %s, even though it's in the way."
+msgstr ""
+"Rehusando perder el archivo no rastreado en %s, incluso aunque se está "
+"interponiendo."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1951
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (directory rename split): Unclear where to place %s because "
+"directory %s was renamed to multiple other directories, with no destination "
+"getting a majority of the files."
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLICTO (división de cambio de nombre de directorio): No es claro dónde "
+"colocar %s porque el directorio %s fue renombrado a otros múltiples "
+"directorios, sin ningún que contenga la mayoría de archivos."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1983
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Existing file/dir at %s in the way of "
+"implicit directory rename(s) putting the following path(s) there: %s."
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLICTO (cambio de nombre de directorio implícito): Archivo/directorio "
+"existente en %s se interpone con el cambio de nombres implícito, poniendo "
+"la(s) siguiente(s) ruta(s) aquí: %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1993
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Cannot map more than one path to %s; "
+"implicit directory renames tried to put these paths there: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLICTO (cambio de nombre implícito): No se puede mapear más de una ruta "
+"para %s; cambio de nombre implícito intentó poner estas rutas: %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2085
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename directory %s->%s in %s. Rename directory %s-"
+">%s in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLICTO (renombrar/renombrar): Renombrar directorio %s->%s en %s. "
+"Renombrar directorio %s->%s en %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2330
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"WARNING: Avoiding applying %s -> %s rename to %s, because %s itself was "
+"renamed."
+msgstr ""
+"PELIGRO: Evitando aplicar %s -> %s renombrado a %s, porque %s mismo fue "
+"renombrado."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2736
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. %s added in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLICTO (renombrar/agregar): Renombrar %s->%s en %s. %s agregado en %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2751
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding merged %s"
+msgstr "Agregar %s fusionado"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2758 merge-recursive.c:3089
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "Agregando más bien como %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2914
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer el objeto %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2917
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s is not a blob"
+msgstr "objeto %s no es un blob"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2986
+msgid "modify"
+msgstr "modificar"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2986
+msgid "modified"
+msgstr "modificado"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2997
+msgid "content"
+msgstr "contenido"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3004
+msgid "add/add"
+msgstr "agregar/agregar"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3046
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"
+msgstr "Saltado %s (fusionado como existente)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3055 git-submodule.sh:895
+msgid "submodule"
+msgstr "submódulo"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3056
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"
+msgstr "CONFLICTO (%s): Conflicto de fusión en %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3178
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s"
+msgstr "Eliminando %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3204
+msgid "file/directory"
+msgstr "archivo/directorio"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3210
+msgid "directory/file"
+msgstr "directorio/archivo"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3217
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. Adding %s as %s"
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLICTO (%s): Hay un directorio con el nombre %s en %s. Agregando %s como "
+"%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3226
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "Agregando %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot merge (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "�ndice sucio: no se puede fusionar (sucio: %s)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3271
+msgid "Already up to date!"
+msgstr "¡Ya está actualizado!"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3280
+#, c-format
+msgid "merging of trees %s and %s failed"
+msgstr "falló la fusión de los árboles %s y %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3379
+msgid "Merging:"
+msgstr "Fusionando:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3392
+#, c-format
+msgid "found %u common ancestor:"
+msgid_plural "found %u common ancestors:"
+msgstr[0] "se encontró %u ancestro común:"
+msgstr[1] "se encontraron %u ancestros comunes:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3431
+msgid "merge returned no commit"
+msgstr "la fusión no devolvió ningún commit"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3495
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "No se pudo analizar el objeto '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3511 builtin/merge.c:659 builtin/merge.c:816
+msgid "Unable to write index."
+msgstr "Incapaz de escribir el índice."
+
+#: notes-merge.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your previous notes merge (%s exists).\n"
+"Please, use 'git notes merge --commit' or 'git notes merge --abort' to "
+"commit/abort the previous merge before you start a new notes merge."
+msgstr ""
+"No has concluido tus notas previas de fusión (%s existe).\n"
+"Por favor, usa 'git notes merge --commit' o 'git notes merge --abort' para "
+"confirmar/abortar la fusión previa antes de que puedas comenzar una nueva "
+"nota de fusión."
+
+#: notes-merge.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "You have not concluded your notes merge (%s exists)."
+msgstr "No has terminado tus notas de fusión (%s existe)."
+
+#: notes-utils.c:43
+msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
+msgstr ""
+"No se puede realizar commit, notas del árbol no inicializadas o no "
+"referenciadas"
+
+#: notes-utils.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
+msgstr "Mal valor para notes.rewriteMode: '%s'"
+
+#: notes-utils.c:112
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "Rehusando reescribir notas en %s (fuera de refs/notes/)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of
+#. the environment variable, the second %s is
+#. its value.
+#.
+#: notes-utils.c:142
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
+msgstr "Mal valor para %s: '%s'"
+
+#: object.c:242
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse object: %s"
+msgstr "incapaz de analizar objeto: %s"
+
+#: packfile.c:563
+msgid "offset before end of packfile (broken .idx?)"
+msgstr "offset antes del final del paquete (broken .idx?)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1742
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset before start of pack index for %s (corrupt index?)"
+msgstr ""
+"offset antes del comienzo del índice del paquete para %s (índice corrupto?)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1746
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset beyond end of pack index for %s (truncated index?)"
+msgstr ""
+"offset más allá del índice de fin de paquete para %s (índice truncado?)"
+
+#: parse-options.c:621
+msgid "..."
+msgstr "..."
+
+#: parse-options.c:640
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s"
+msgstr "uso: %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation.
+#.
+#: parse-options.c:646
+#, c-format
+msgid "   or: %s"
+msgstr "   o: %s"
+
+#: parse-options.c:649
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %s"
+msgstr "    %s"
+
+#: parse-options.c:688
+msgid "-NUM"
+msgstr "-NUM"
+
+#: parse-options-cb.c:44
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed expiration date '%s'"
+msgstr "fecha de expiración mal formada: '%s'"
+
+#: parse-options-cb.c:112
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr "nombre de objeto mal formado '%s'"
+
+#: path.c:892
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr "No se pudo hacer que %s fuera escribible por el grupo"
+
+#: pathspec.c:129
+msgid "Escape character '\\' not allowed as last character in attr value"
+msgstr ""
+"Carácter de escape '\\' no permitido como último carácter en el valor attr"
+
+#: pathspec.c:147
+msgid "Only one 'attr:' specification is allowed."
+msgstr "Solo una especificación 'attr' es permitida."
+
+#: pathspec.c:150
+msgid "attr spec must not be empty"
+msgstr "especificación attr no puede estar vacía"
+
+#: pathspec.c:193
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid attribute name %s"
+msgstr "nombre de atributo %s invalido"
+
+#: pathspec.c:258
+msgid "global 'glob' and 'noglob' pathspec settings are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+"configuraciones globales de pathspec 'glob' y 'noglob' son incompatibles"
+
+#: pathspec.c:265
+msgid ""
+"global 'literal' pathspec setting is incompatible with all other global "
+"pathspec settings"
+msgstr ""
+"la configuración global de 'literal' para patrones de ruta es incompatible "
+"con las demás configuraciones globales de patrones de ruta"
+
+#: pathspec.c:305
+msgid "invalid parameter for pathspec magic 'prefix'"
+msgstr "parámetro no válido para el prefijo 'magic pathspec'"
+
+#: pathspec.c:326
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid pathspec magic '%.*s' in '%s'"
+msgstr "Magic pathspec inválido '%.*s' en '%s'"
+
+#: pathspec.c:331
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing ')' at the end of pathspec magic in '%s'"
+msgstr "Falta ')' al final del magic pathspec en '%s'"
+
+#: pathspec.c:369
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unimplemented pathspec magic '%c' in '%s'"
+msgstr "Magic pathspec '%c' no implementado en '%s'"
+
+#: pathspec.c:428
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: 'literal' and 'glob' are incompatible"
+msgstr "%s: 'literal' y 'glob' son incompatibles"
+
+#: pathspec.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: '%s' is outside repository"
+msgstr "%s: '%s' está fuera del repositorio"
+
+#: pathspec.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' (mnemonic: '%c')"
+msgstr "'%s' (nemotécnico: '%c')"
+
+#: pathspec.c:525
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: pathspec magic not supported by this command: %s"
+msgstr "%s: magic pathspec no soportado por este comando: %s"
+
+#: pathspec.c:592
+#, c-format
+msgid "pathspec '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "el patrón de ruta '%s' está detrás de un enlace simbólico"
+
+#: pretty.c:962
+msgid "unable to parse --pretty format"
+msgstr "incapaz de analizar el formato --pretty"
+
+#: read-cache.c:1500
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"index.version set, but the value is invalid.\n"
+"Using version %i"
+msgstr ""
+"index.version configurado, pero el valor no es válido.\n"
+"Usando versión %i"
+
+#: read-cache.c:1510
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"GIT_INDEX_VERSION set, but the value is invalid.\n"
+"Using version %i"
+msgstr ""
+"GIT_INDEX_VERSION configurado, pero el valor no es válido.\n"
+"Usando versión %i"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2404 sequencer.c:4338 wrapper.c:658 builtin/merge.c:1048
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not close '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo cerrar '%s'"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2477 sequencer.c:2102 sequencer.c:3234
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo definir '%s'"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2490
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open git dir: %s"
+msgstr "no es posible abrir el directorio de git: %s"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2502
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to unlink: %s"
+msgstr "no es posible remover el vinculo: %s"
+
+#: refs.c:732 sequencer.c:4334 sequencer.c:4393 wrapper.c:225 wrapper.c:395
+#: builtin/am.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "no se pudo abrir '%s' para escritura"
+
+#: refs.c:1880
+msgid "ref updates forbidden inside quarantine environment"
+msgstr "actualizaciones de ref prohibidas dentro de ambiente de cuarentena"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1191
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove reference %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo remover la referencia %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1205 refs/packed-backend.c:1531
+#: refs/packed-backend.c:1541
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete reference %s: %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo eliminar la referencia %s: %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1208 refs/packed-backend.c:1544
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete references: %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo eliminar la referencia: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:35 wt-status.c:1850
+msgid "gone"
+msgstr "desaparecido"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d"
+msgstr "adelante %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:37
+#, c-format
+msgid "behind %d"
+msgstr "detrás %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:38
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d, behind %d"
+msgstr "delante %d, detrás %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(color:<color>)"
+msgstr "formato esperado: %%(color:<color>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized color: %%(color:%s)"
+msgstr "color no reconocido: %%(color:%s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:lstrip=%s"
+msgstr "Valor entero esperado refname:lstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:rstrip=%s"
+msgstr "Valor entero esperado refname:rstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(%s) argument: %s"
+msgstr "argumento: %s no reconocido %%(%s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(body) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(body) no toma ningún argumento"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(subject) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(subject) no toma ningún argumento"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown %%(trailers) argument: %s"
+msgstr "%%(trailers) desconocidos, argumento: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:264
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected contents:lines=%s"
+msgstr "valor positivo esperado contents:lines=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:266
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(contents) argument: %s"
+msgstr "argumento %s no reconocido %%(contents)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:281
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected objectname:short=%s"
+msgstr "valor positivo esperado objectname:short=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:285
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(objectname) argument: %s"
+msgstr "argumento: %s no reconocido %%(objectname)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(align:<width>,<position>)"
+msgstr "formato esperado: %%(align:<ancho>,<posición>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:327
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized position:%s"
+msgstr "posición desconocida: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:334
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized width:%s"
+msgstr "ancho desconocido: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(align) argument: %s"
+msgstr "argumento no reconocido para %%(align): %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:351
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive width expected with the %%(align) atom"
+msgstr "se esperaba un ancho positivo con el átomo %%(align)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:369
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(if) argument: %s"
+msgstr "argumento: %s no reconocido %%(if)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:464
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "nombre mal formado de campo: %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:491
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "nombre de campo desconocido: %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:608
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(if) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "formato: átomo %%(if) usado sin un átomo %%(then)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "formato: átomo %%(then) usado sin átomo %%(if)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:673
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "formato: átomo %%(then) usado mas de una vez"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:675
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used after %%(else)"
+msgstr "formato: átomo %%(then) usado después de %%(else)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:703
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "formato: átomo %%(else) usado sin un átomo %%(if)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:705
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "formato: átomo %%(else) usado sin un átomo %%(then)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:707
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "formato: átomo %%(else) usado mas de una vez"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:722
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom used without corresponding atom"
+msgstr "formato: átomo %%(end) usado sin átomo correspondiente"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed format string %s"
+msgstr "formato de cadena mal formado %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1387
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
+msgstr "(no hay rama, rebasando %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1390
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing detached HEAD %s)"
+msgstr "(no hay rama, rebasando con HEAD desacoplado %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1393
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
+msgstr "(no hay rama, comenzando bisecado en %s)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached at " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1401
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached at %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD desacoplado en %s)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached from " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1408
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached from %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD desacoplado de %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1412
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr "(sin rama)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1442
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing object %s for %s"
+msgstr "falta objeto %s para %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1445
+#, c-format
+msgid "parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s"
+msgstr "parse_object_buffer falló en %s para %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1902
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr "objeto mal formado en '%s'"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1984
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring ref with broken name %s"
+msgstr "ignorando referencia con nombre roto %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1989
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring broken ref %s"
+msgstr "ignorando referencia rota %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2261
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom missing"
+msgstr "formato: falta átomo %%(end)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2365
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr "nombre de objeto mal formado %s"
+
+#: remote.c:605
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot fetch both %s and %s to %s"
+msgstr "No se pueden traer ambos %s y %s a %s"
+
+#: remote.c:609
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s usually tracks %s, not %s"
+msgstr "%s por lo general hace seguimiento a %s, no a %s"
+
+#: remote.c:613
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s tracks both %s and %s"
+msgstr "%s hace seguimiento tanto a %s como a %s"
+
+#: remote.c:621
+msgid "Internal error"
+msgstr "Error interno"
+
+#: remote.c:1534 remote.c:1635
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr "HEAD no apunta a ninguna rama"
+
+#: remote.c:1543
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr "no existe tal rama: '%s'"
+
+#: remote.c:1546
+#, c-format
+msgid "no upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr "no se ha configurado upstream para la rama '%s'"
+
+#: remote.c:1552
+#, c-format
+msgid "upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "la rama '%s' de upstream no es guardad como rama de rastreo remoto"
+
+#: remote.c:1567
+#, c-format
+msgid "push destination '%s' on remote '%s' has no local tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+"destino de push '%s' en el remoto '%s' no tiene una rama de rastreo local"
+
+#: remote.c:1579
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' has no remote for pushing"
+msgstr "la rama '%s' no tiene remoto para enviar"
+
+#: remote.c:1589
+#, c-format
+msgid "push refspecs for '%s' do not include '%s'"
+msgstr "refspecs del push para '%s' no incluyen '%s'"
+
+#: remote.c:1602
+msgid "push has no destination (push.default is 'nothing')"
+msgstr "push no tiene destino (push.default es 'nada')"
+
+#: remote.c:1624
+msgid "cannot resolve 'simple' push to a single destination"
+msgstr "no se puede resolver push 'simple' para un destino único"
+
+#: remote.c:1939
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is based on '%s', but the upstream is gone.\n"
+msgstr "Tu rama esta basada en '%s', pero upstream ha desaparecido.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1943
+msgid "  (use \"git branch --unset-upstream\" to fixup)\n"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git branch --unset-upstream\" para arreglar)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1946
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is up to date with '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "Tu rama está actualizada con '%s'.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1950
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch and '%s' refer to different commits.\n"
+msgstr "Tu rama y '%s' refieren a commits diferentes.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1953
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"%s\" for details)\n"
+msgstr "  (usa \"%s\" para detalles)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1957
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
+msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Tu rama está adelantada a '%s' por %d commit.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Tu rama está adelantada a '%s' por %d commits.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1963
+msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git push\" para publicar tus commits locales)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1966
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Tu rama está detrás de '%s' por %d commit, y puede ser avanzada rápido.\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Tu rama está detrás de '%s' por %d commits, y puede ser avanzada rápido.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1974
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git pull\" para actualizar tu rama local)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1977
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commit each, respectively.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commits each, respectively.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Tu rama y '%s' han divergido,\n"
+"y se tiene %d y %d commit diferentes en cada una respectivamente.\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Tu rama y '%s' han divergido,\n"
+"y tienen %d y %d commits diferentes cada una respectivamente.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1987
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git pull\" para fusionar la rama remota en la tuya)\n"
+
+#: revision.c:2289
+msgid "your current branch appears to be broken"
+msgstr "tu rama actual parece estar rota"
+
+#: revision.c:2292
+#, c-format
+msgid "your current branch '%s' does not have any commits yet"
+msgstr "tu rama actual '%s' no tiene ningún commit todavía"
+
+#: revision.c:2489
+msgid "--first-parent is incompatible with --bisect"
+msgstr "--first-parent es incompatible con --bisect"
+
+#: run-command.c:728
+msgid "open /dev/null failed"
+msgstr "falló al abrir /dev/null"
+
+#: run-command.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The '%s' hook was ignored because it's not set as executable.\n"
+"You can disable this warning with `git config advice.ignoredHook false`."
+msgstr ""
+"El hook '%s' fue ignorado porque no ha sido configurado como ejecutable.\n"
+"Puedes desactivar esta advertencias con `git config advice.ignoredHook "
+"false`."
+
+#: send-pack.c:141
+msgid "unexpected flush packet while reading remote unpack status"
+msgstr ""
+"flush packet inesperado mientras se leía estatus de desempaquetado remoto"
+
+#: send-pack.c:143
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse remote unpack status: %s"
+msgstr "no es posible analizar el estado de desempaquetado remoto: %s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote unpack failed: %s"
+msgstr "desempaquetado remoto falló: %s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:308
+msgid "failed to sign the push certificate"
+msgstr "falló al firmar el certificado de push"
+
+#: send-pack.c:421
+msgid "the receiving end does not support --signed push"
+msgstr "el final receptor no soporta --signed push"
+
+#: send-pack.c:423
+msgid ""
+"not sending a push certificate since the receiving end does not support --"
+"signed push"
+msgstr ""
+"no se manda un certificado de push ya que el destino no soporta push firmado "
+"(--signed )"
+
+#: send-pack.c:435
+msgid "the receiving end does not support --atomic push"
+msgstr "el destino no soporta push atómicos (--atomic)"
+
+#: send-pack.c:440
+msgid "the receiving end does not support push options"
+msgstr "el destino no soporta opciones de push"
+
+#: sequencer.c:175
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit message cleanup mode '%s'"
+msgstr "mensaje de commit inválido, modo cleanup '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo borrar '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:301
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr "revertir"
+
+#: sequencer.c:303
+msgid "cherry-pick"
+msgstr "cherry-pick"
+
+#: sequencer.c:305
+msgid "rebase -i"
+msgstr "rebase -i"
+
+#: sequencer.c:307
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown action: %d"
+msgstr "Acción desconocida: %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:364
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
+msgstr ""
+"después de resolver los conflictos, marca las rutas corregidas\n"
+"con 'git add <rutas>' o 'git rm <rutas>'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:367
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
+"and commit the result with 'git commit'"
+msgstr ""
+"tras resolver los conflictos, marca las rutas corregidas\n"
+"con 'git add <rutas>' o 'git rm <rutas>'\n"
+"y haz un commit del resultado con 'git commit'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:380 sequencer.c:2468
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lock '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo bloquear '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:382 sequencer.c:2346 sequencer.c:2472 sequencer.c:2486
+#: sequencer.c:2694 sequencer.c:4336 sequencer.c:4399 wrapper.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo escribir en '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write eol to '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo escribir EOL en '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:392 sequencer.c:2351 sequencer.c:2474 sequencer.c:2488
+#: sequencer.c:2702
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finalize '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al finalizar '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:415 sequencer.c:804 sequencer.c:1493 sequencer.c:2371
+#: sequencer.c:2684 sequencer.c:2788 builtin/am.c:259 builtin/commit.c:727
+#: builtin/merge.c:1046
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "your local changes would be overwritten by %s."
+msgstr "tus cambios locales serán sobreescritos por %s."
+
+#: sequencer.c:445
+msgid "commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr "realiza un commit con tus cambios o aplica un stash para proceder."
+
+#: sequencer.c:474
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: fast-forward"
+msgstr "%s: avance rápido"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert", "cherry-pick" or
+#. "rebase -i".
+#.
+#: sequencer.c:563
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "%s: Incapaz de escribir el nuevo archivo índice"
+
+#: sequencer.c:579
+msgid "unable to update cache tree"
+msgstr "no es posible actualizar el árbol de la caché"
+
+#: sequencer.c:592
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD commit"
+msgstr "no se pudo resolver el commit de HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:749
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you have staged changes in your working tree\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"se ha aplicado un stage a los cambios en el árbol de trabajo\n"
+"si estos cambios están destinados a ser aplastados en el commit previo, "
+"ejecuta:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Si estos cambios están destinados a un nuevo commit, ejecuta:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"en cambos casos, cuando acabes, continua con:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:818
+msgid "writing root commit"
+msgstr "escribiendo commit raíz"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1043
+msgid "'prepare-commit-msg' hook failed"
+msgstr "hook 'prepare-commit-msg' falló"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1050
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
+"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
+"your configuration file:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Tu nombre y correo fueron configurados automáticamente basados\n"
+"en tu usuario y nombre de host. Por favor verifica que son correctos.\n"
+"Tu puedes suprimir este mensaje configurándolos de forma explicita. Ejecuta "
+"el \n"
+"siguiente comando y sigue las instrucciones de tu editor\n"
+" para modificar tu archivo de configuración:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"Tras hacer esto, puedes arreglar la identidad usada para este commit con:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1063
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Tu nombre y correo fueron configurados automáticamente basados\n"
+"en tu usuario y nombre de host. Por favor verifica que son correctos.\n"
+"Tu puedes suprimir este mensaje configurándolos de forma explicita: \n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Tu nombre\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"Tras hacer esto, puedes arreglar tu identidad para este commit con:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1103
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr "no se pudo revisar el commit recién creado"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1105
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr "no se pudo analizar el commit recién creado"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1151
+msgid "unable to resolve HEAD after creating commit"
+msgstr "no se pudo resolver HEAD tras crear el commit"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1153
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr "HEAD desacoplado"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1157
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr " (commit-raíz)"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1178
+msgid "could not parse HEAD"
+msgstr "no se pudo analizar HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1180
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "HEAD %s no es un commit!"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1184 builtin/commit.c:1528
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr "no se pudo analizar el commit de HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1235 sequencer.c:1832
+msgid "unable to parse commit author"
+msgstr "no es posible analizar el autor del commit"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1245 builtin/am.c:1630 builtin/merge.c:645
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr "git write-tree falló al escribir el árbol"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1262 sequencer.c:1317
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read commit message from '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede leer el mensaje del commit de '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1284 builtin/am.c:1650 builtin/commit.c:1631 builtin/merge.c:825
+#: builtin/merge.c:850
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr "falló al escribir el objeto commit"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1344
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo analizar commit %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1349
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo analizar el commit padre %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1500 sequencer.c:1525
+#, c-format
+msgid "This is a combination of %d commits."
+msgstr "Esta es una combinación de %d commits."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1510 sequencer.c:4355
+msgid "need a HEAD to fixup"
+msgstr "se necesita un HEAD para arreglar"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1512 sequencer.c:2729
+msgid "could not read HEAD"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1514
+msgid "could not read HEAD's commit message"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer el mensaje de commit de HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1520
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede escribir '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1527 git-rebase--interactive.sh:457
+msgid "This is the 1st commit message:"
+msgstr "Este es el mensaje del 1er commit:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1535
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message of %s"
+msgstr "no se puede leer el mensaje del commit de %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1542
+#, c-format
+msgid "This is the commit message #%d:"
+msgstr "Este es el mensaje del commit #%d:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1548
+#, c-format
+msgid "The commit message #%d will be skipped:"
+msgstr "El mensaje del commit #%d será saltado:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1553
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command: %d"
+msgstr "comando desconocido: %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1631
+msgid "your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr "tu archivo índice no esta fusionado."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1638
+msgid "cannot fixup root commit"
+msgstr "no se puede arreglar el commit raíz"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1657
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr "el commit %s es una fusión pero no se entrego la opción -m."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1665
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr "el commit %s no tiene un padre %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1669
+#, c-format
+msgid "mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgstr "línea principal especificada pero el commit %s no es una fusión."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1675
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr "no se puede obtener el mensaje de commit para %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be a "todo" command like
+#. "revert" or "pick", the second %s a SHA1.
+#: sequencer.c:1694
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr "%s: no se puede analizar el commit padre %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1759
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not rename '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede renombrar '%s' a '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1813
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo revertir %s... %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1814
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo aplicar %s... %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1864
+msgid "empty commit set passed"
+msgstr "conjunto de commits vacío entregado"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1874
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
+msgstr "git %s: falló al leer el índice"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1881
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
+msgstr "git %s: falló al refrescar el índice"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1961
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s does not accept arguments: '%s'"
+msgstr "%s no acepta los argumentos: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1970
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing arguments for %s"
+msgstr "faltan argumentos para para %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2029
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "línea inválida %d: %.*s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2037
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot '%s' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "no se puede  '%s' sin un commit previo"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2085 sequencer.c:4138 sequencer.c:4173
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'."
+msgstr "no se puede leer '%s'."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2108
+msgid "please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "por favor arregle esto usando 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2110
+#, c-format
+msgid "unusable instruction sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "hoja de instrucciones inutilizable: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2115
+msgid "no commits parsed."
+msgstr "ningún commit analizado."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2126
+msgid "cannot cherry-pick during a revert."
+msgstr "no se puede realizar cherry-pick durante un revert."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2128
+msgid "cannot revert during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr "no se puede realizar un revert durante un cherry-pick."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2195
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid key: %s"
+msgstr "llave invalida: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2198
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "valor invalido para %s: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2269
+msgid "unusable squash-onto"
+msgstr "squash-onto inservible"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2285
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed options sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "hoja de opciones mal formada: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2323
+msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
+msgstr "un cherry-pick o revert ya esta en progreso"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2324
+msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+msgstr "intenta \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2327
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create sequencer directory '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo crear un directorio secuenciador '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2341
+msgid "could not lock HEAD"
+msgstr "no se pudo bloquear HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2396 sequencer.c:3403
+msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
+msgstr "ningún cherry-pick o revert en progreso"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2398
+msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
+msgstr "no se puede resolver HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2400 sequencer.c:2435
+msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr "no se puede abortar de una rama por nacer"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2421 builtin/grep.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede abrir '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2423
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read '%s': %s"
+msgstr "no se puede leer '%s': %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2424
+msgid "unexpected end of file"
+msgstr "final de archivo inesperado"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2430
+#, c-format
+msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
+msgstr "archivo HEAD de pre-cherry-pick guardado '%s' esta corrupto"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2441
+msgid "You seem to have moved HEAD. Not rewinding, check your HEAD!"
+msgstr "Parece que se ha movido HEAD. No se hace rebobinado, revise su HEAD!"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2545 sequencer.c:3321
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update %s"
+msgstr "no se puede actualizar %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2583 sequencer.c:3301
+msgid "cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "no se puede leer HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2618 sequencer.c:2622 builtin/difftool.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo copiar '%s' a '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2641
+msgid "could not read index"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer índice"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2646
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution failed: %s\n"
+"%sYou can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"ejecución fallida: %s\n"
+"%sPuedes arreglar el problema, y luego ejecutar\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2652
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+msgstr "y se hicieron cambios al índice y/o árbol de trabajo\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2658
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution succeeded: %s\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"ejecución exitosa: %s\n"
+"pero todavía quedan cambios para el índice o árbol de trabajo.\n"
+"Realiza un commit o stash con tus cambios, y luego ejecuta\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2771
+msgid "writing fake root commit"
+msgstr "escribiendo commit raíz falso"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2776
+msgid "writing squash-onto"
+msgstr "escribiendo squash-onto"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2811
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to find tree of %s"
+msgstr "falló al encontrar árbol de %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2829
+msgid "could not write index"
+msgstr "no se pudo escribir índice"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2861
+msgid "cannot merge without a current revision"
+msgstr "no se puede fusionar sin una versión actual"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2884
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo resolver '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2906
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get commit message of '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede leer el mensaje del commit '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2916 sequencer.c:2941
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo escribir '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3005
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not even attempt to merge '%.*s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo intentar fusionar '%.*s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3021
+msgid "merge: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "fusión: No se puede escribir el nuevo archivo índice"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3088
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied autostash.\n"
+msgstr "Autostash aplicado.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3100
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot store %s"
+msgstr "no se puede guardar %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3103 git-rebase.sh:188
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
+"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
+"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Aplicando autostash resultó en conflictos.\n"
+"Tus cambios están seguros en el stash.\n"
+"Puedes ejecutar \"git stash pop\" o \"git stash drop\" en cualquier "
+"momento.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not execute the todo command\n"
+"\n"
+"    %.*s\n"
+"It has been rescheduled; To edit the command before continuing, please\n"
+"edit the todo list first:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --edit-todo\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"No se pudo ejecutar el comando \"todo\"\n"
+"\n"
+"    %.*s\n"
+"Ha sido reprogramado; Para editar el comando antes de continuar, por favor\n"
+"edite la lista de \"todo\" primero:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --edit-todo\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3202
+#, c-format
+msgid "Stopped at %s...  %.*s\n"
+msgstr "Detenido en %s...  %.*s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3264
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command %d"
+msgstr "comando desconocido %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3309
+msgid "could not read orig-head"
+msgstr "no se puede leer orig-head"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3314 sequencer.c:4352
+msgid "could not read 'onto'"
+msgstr "no se puede leer 'onto'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3328
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update HEAD to %s"
+msgstr "no se puede actualizar HEAD a %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3414
+msgid "cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "no se puede realizar rebase: Tienes cambios fuera del área de stage."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3423
+msgid "cannot amend non-existing commit"
+msgstr "no se puede arreglar un commit no existente"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3425
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid file: '%s'"
+msgstr "archivo invalido: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3427
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid contents: '%s'"
+msgstr "contenido inválido: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3430
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please, commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Tienes cambios fuera de un commit en tu árbol de trabajo. Por favor, realiza "
+"un commit con estos\n"
+"primero y luego ejecuta 'git rebase --continue' de nuevo."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3455 sequencer.c:3493
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write file: '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo escribir el archivo: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3508
+msgid "could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "no se puede remover CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3515
+msgid "could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "no se pudo realizar el commit con los cambios en el área de stage."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3612
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"
+msgstr "%s: no se puede aplicar cherry-pick a un %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3616
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: bad revision"
+msgstr "%s: mala revision"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3649
+msgid "can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr "no se puede revertir como commit inicial"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4098
+msgid "make_script: unhandled options"
+msgstr "make_script: opciones desconocidas"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4101
+msgid "make_script: error preparing revisions"
+msgstr "make_script: error preparando revisiones"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4142 sequencer.c:4177
+#, c-format
+msgid "unusable todo list: '%s'"
+msgstr "lista de pendientes inutilizable: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4236
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unrecognized setting %s for option rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Ignoring."
+msgstr ""
+"opción %s no reconocida para la opción rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Ignorando."
+
+#: sequencer.c:4302
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: some commits may have been dropped accidentally.\n"
+"Dropped commits (newer to older):\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Peligro: algunos commits pueden haber sido botados de forma accidental.\n"
+"Commits botados (empezando con el mas nuevo):\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4309
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"To avoid this message, use \"drop\" to explicitly remove a commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Use 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' to change the level of "
+"warnings.\n"
+"The possible behaviours are: ignore, warn, error.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Para evitar este mensaje, use \"drop\" para remover de forma explícita un "
+"commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Use 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' para cambiar el nivel de "
+"advertencias.\n"
+"Los posibles comportamientos son: ignore,warn,error.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4321
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You can fix this with 'git rebase --edit-todo' and then run 'git rebase --"
+"continue'.\n"
+"Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Se puede arreglar esto con 'git rebase --edit-todo' y después ejecutar 'git "
+"rebase --continue'.\n"
+"O se puede abortar el rebase con 'git rebase --abort'.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4375
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo analizar commit '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4490
+msgid "the script was already rearranged."
+msgstr "este script ya fue reorganizado."
+
+#: setup.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is outside repository"
+msgstr "'%s' está fuera del repositorio"
+
+#: setup.c:172
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s: no such path in the working tree.\n"
+"Use 'git <command> -- <path>...' to specify paths that do not exist locally."
+msgstr ""
+"%s: no existe la ruta en el árbol de trabajo.\n"
+"Use 'git <comando> -- <ruta>...' para especificar rutas que no existen "
+"localmente."
+
+#: setup.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"argumento ambiguo '%s': revisión desconocida o ruta fuera del árbol de "
+"trabajo.\n"
+"Use '--' para separar las rutas de las revisiones, de esta manera:\n"
+"'git <comando> [<revisión>...] -- [<archivo>...]'"
+
+#: setup.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' must come before non-option arguments"
+msgstr "opción '%s' debe venir antes de argumentos no opcionales"
+
+#: setup.c:253
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"argumento ambiguo '%s': ambos revisión y nombre de archivo\n"
+"Use '--' para separar rutas de revisiones, de esta manera:\n"
+"'git <comando> [<revisión>...] -- [<archivo>...]'"
+
+#: setup.c:389
+msgid "unable to set up work tree using invalid config"
+msgstr ""
+"no es posible configurar el directorio de trabajo usando una configuración "
+"inválida"
+
+#: setup.c:393
+msgid "this operation must be run in a work tree"
+msgstr "esta operación debe ser realizada en un árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: setup.c:503
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d"
+msgstr "Se esperaba versión de git repo  <= %d, encontrada %d"
+
+#: setup.c:511
+msgid "unknown repository extensions found:"
+msgstr "se encontró extensión de repositorio desconocida:"
+
+#: setup.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "error opening '%s'"
+msgstr "error abriendo '%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "too large to be a .git file: '%s'"
+msgstr "muy grande para ser un archivo .git: '%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:534
+#, c-format
+msgid "error reading %s"
+msgstr "error leyendo %s"
+
+#: setup.c:536
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid gitfile format: %s"
+msgstr "formato gitfile inválido: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:538
+#, c-format
+msgid "no path in gitfile: %s"
+msgstr "no hay ruta en gitfile: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:540
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: %s"
+msgstr "no es un repositorio git: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "'$%s' too big"
+msgstr "'$%s' muy grande"
+
+#: setup.c:653
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: '%s'"
+msgstr "no es un repositorio git: '%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:682 setup.c:684 setup.c:715
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede aplicar chdir a '%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:687 setup.c:743 setup.c:753 setup.c:792 setup.c:800 setup.c:815
+msgid "cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr "no se puede volver a cwd"
+
+#: setup.c:813
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): %s"
+msgstr ""
+"no es un repositorio git (ni ninguno de los directorios superiores): %s"
+
+#: setup.c:824
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%*s%s%s'"
+msgstr "falló al determinar '%*s%s%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:1054
+msgid "Unable to read current working directory"
+msgstr "Incapaz de leer el directorio de trabajo actual"
+
+#: setup.c:1066 setup.c:1072
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot change to '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede cambiar a '%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:1085
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not a git repository (or any parent up to mount point %s)\n"
+"Stopping at filesystem boundary (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM not set)."
+msgstr ""
+"no es un repositorio git ( o ningún padre en el punto de montado %s)\n"
+"Parando en el límite del sistema de archivos "
+"(GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM no establecido)."
+
+#: setup.c:1168
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"problem with core.sharedRepository filemode value (0%.3o).\n"
+"The owner of files must always have read and write permissions."
+msgstr ""
+"problema con el valor del modo de archivo core.sharedRepository (0%.3o).\n"
+"El dueño de los archivos tiene que tener permisos de lectura y escritura."
+
+#: setup.c:1211
+msgid "open /dev/null or dup failed"
+msgstr "falló al abrir /dev/null o dup"
+
+#: setup.c:1226
+msgid "fork failed"
+msgstr "falló fork"
+
+#: setup.c:1231
+msgid "setsid failed"
+msgstr "falló setsid"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:625
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "ruta '%s' no existe"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:651
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' as a linked checkout is not supported yet."
+msgstr ""
+"repositorio de referencia '%s' como un checkout vinculado no es soportado "
+"todavía."
+
+#: sha1-file.c:657
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
+msgstr "repositorio de referencia '%s' no es un repositorio local."
+
+#: sha1-file.c:663
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
+msgstr "repositorio de referencia '%s' es superficial (shallow)"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
+msgstr "repositorio de referencia '% s' está injertado"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:442
+#, c-format
+msgid "short SHA1 %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "SHA1 %s corto es ambiguao"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:453
+msgid "The candidates are:"
+msgstr "Los candidatos son:"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:695
+msgid ""
+"Git normally never creates a ref that ends with 40 hex characters\n"
+"because it will be ignored when you just specify 40-hex. These refs\n"
+"may be created by mistake. For example,\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b $br $(git rev-parse ...)\n"
+"\n"
+"where \"$br\" is somehow empty and a 40-hex ref is created. Please\n"
+"examine these refs and maybe delete them. Turn this message off by\n"
+"running \"git config advice.objectNameWarning false\""
+msgstr ""
+"Git normalmente nunca crea una ref que termine con 40 caracteres hex\n"
+"porque esto sería ignorado cuando solo se especifiquen 40-hex. Estas refs\n"
+"tal vez sean creadas por error. Por ejemplo,\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b $br $(git rev-parse ...)\n"
+"\n"
+"donde \"$br\" está de alguna manera vacía y una ref de 40-hex es creada. Por "
+"favor\n"
+"examine estas refs y tal vez bórrelas. Silencie este mensaje \n"
+"ejecutando \"git config advice.objectNameWarning false\""
+
+#: submodule.c:97 submodule.c:131
+msgid "Cannot change unmerged .gitmodules, resolve merge conflicts first"
+msgstr ""
+"No se puede cambiar .gitmodules no fusionados, resuelva este problema primero"
+
+#: submodule.c:101 submodule.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find section in .gitmodules where path=%s"
+msgstr "No se pudo encontrar la sección en .gitmodules donde path=%s"
+
+#: submodule.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not update .gitmodules entry %s"
+msgstr "No se pudo actualizar la entrada %s de .gitmodules"
+
+#: submodule.c:142
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove .gitmodules entry for %s"
+msgstr "No se pudo remover la entrada %s de .gitmodules"
+
+#: submodule.c:153
+msgid "staging updated .gitmodules failed"
+msgstr "falló realizar stage a los .gitmodules actualizados"
+
+#: submodule.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "in unpopulated submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "en el submódulo no poblado '%s'"
+
+#: submodule.c:346
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "El patrón de ruta '%s' está en el submódulo '%.*s'"
+
+#: submodule.c:837
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule entry '%s' (%s) is a %s, not a commit"
+msgstr "entrada de submódulo '%s' (%s) es un %s, no un commit"
+
+#: submodule.c:1069 builtin/branch.c:651 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1743
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr "Falló al resolver HEAD como un ref valido."
+
+#: submodule.c:1375
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' not recognized as a git repository"
+msgstr "'%s' no reconocido como un repositorio git"
+
+#: submodule.c:1513
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not start 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo comenzar 'git status' en el submódulo '%s'"
+
+#: submodule.c:1526
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not run 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo ejecutar 'git status' en el submódulo '%s'"
+
+#: submodule.c:1619
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' has dirty index"
+msgstr "submódulo '%s' tiene un índice corrupto"
+
+#: submodule.c:1718
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"relocate_gitdir for submodule '%s' with more than one worktree not supported"
+msgstr ""
+"relocate_gitdir para el submódulo '%s' con más de un árbol de trabajo no "
+"soportado"
+
+#: submodule.c:1730 submodule.c:1786
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup name for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo resolver el nombre para el submódulo '%s'"
+
+#: submodule.c:1734 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1261
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo crear el directorio '%s'"
+
+#: submodule.c:1737
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Migrating git directory of '%s%s' from\n"
+"'%s' to\n"
+"'%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Migrando directorio git de '%s%s' desde\n"
+"'%s' hacia\n"
+"'%s'\n"
+
+#: submodule.c:1821
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "no pudo recursar en el submódulo '%s'"
+
+#: submodule.c:1865
+msgid "could not start ls-files in .."
+msgstr "no se pudo comenzar ls-files en .."
+
+#: submodule.c:1904
+#, c-format
+msgid "ls-tree returned unexpected return code %d"
+msgstr "ls-tree retornó un código %d inesperado"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:230
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring suspicious submodule name: %s"
+msgstr "ignorando submódulo sospechoso: %s"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:294
+msgid "negative values not allowed for submodule.fetchjobs"
+msgstr "no se permiten valores negativos para submodule.fetchjobs"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:467
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid value for %s"
+msgstr "valor inválido para %s"
+
+#: trailer.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "running trailer command '%s' failed"
+msgstr "ejecución del comando de remolque '%s' falló"
+
+#: trailer.c:485 trailer.c:490 trailer.c:495 trailer.c:549 trailer.c:553
+#: trailer.c:557
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"
+msgstr "valor '%s' desconocido para la clave '%s'"
+
+#: trailer.c:539 trailer.c:544 builtin/remote.c:293
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than one %s"
+msgstr "más de un %s"
+
+#: trailer.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty trailer token in trailer '%.*s'"
+msgstr "token de remolque vacío en el trailer '%.*s'"
+
+#: trailer.c:750
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read input file '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer el archivo de entrada '%s'"
+
+#: trailer.c:753
+msgid "could not read from stdin"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer desde stdin"
+
+#: trailer.c:1008 builtin/am.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo definir %s"
+
+#: trailer.c:1010
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not a regular file"
+msgstr "el archivo %s no es un archivo regular"
+
+#: trailer.c:1012
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not writable by user"
+msgstr "el archivo %s no puede ser escrito por el usuario"
+
+#: trailer.c:1024
+msgid "could not open temporary file"
+msgstr "no se pudo abrir el archivo temporal"
+
+#: trailer.c:1064
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not rename temporary file to %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo renombrar el archivo temporal a %s"
+
+#: transport.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would set upstream of '%s' to '%s' of '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Configurará upstream de '%s' a '%s' de '%s'\n"
+
+#: transport.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid "transport: invalid depth option '%s'"
+msgstr "transport: opción inválida '%s'"
+
+#: transport.c:584
+msgid "could not parse transport.color.* config"
+msgstr "no se pudo analizar valor de configuración transport.color.*"
+
+#: transport.c:996
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following submodule paths contain changes that can\n"
+"not be found on any remote:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"La siguiente ruta de submódulo contiene cambios que no\n"
+"pueden ser encontrados en ningún remoto:\n"
+
+#: transport.c:1000
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Please try\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"or cd to the path and use\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"to push them to a remote.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Por favor intenta\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"o cd a la ruta y usa\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"para hacer un push al remoto.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: transport.c:1008
+msgid "Aborting."
+msgstr "Abortando."
+
+#: transport-helper.c:1087
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read ref %s"
+msgstr "No se pudo leer la referencia %s"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:31
+msgid "too-short tree object"
+msgstr "objeto de árbol muy corto"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:37
+msgid "malformed mode in tree entry"
+msgstr "modo mal formado en la entrada de árbol"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:41
+msgid "empty filename in tree entry"
+msgstr "nombre de archivo vacío en la entrada de árbol"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:113
+msgid "too-short tree file"
+msgstr "archivo de árbol muy corto"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Los cambios locales de los siguientes archivos serán sobrescritos por "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%sPor favor realiza un commit con los cambios o un stash antes de cambiar "
+"ramas."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:113
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Los cambios locales de los siguientes archivos serán sobreescritos por "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Los cambios locales de los siguientes archivos serán sobrescritos al "
+"fusionar:\n"
+"%%sPor favor, confirma tus cambios o aguárdalos antes de fusionar."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Los cambios locales de los siguientes archivos serán sobreescritos por "
+"merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Los cambios locales de los siguientes archivos serán sobrescritos al %s:\n"
+"%%sPor favor, confirma tus cambios o guárdalos antes de %s."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Los cambios locales de los siguientes archivos serán sobreescritos por %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Updating the following directories would lose untracked files in them:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Al actualizar los siguientes directorios se perderán los archivos sin "
+"seguimiento en ellos:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:132
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Los siguientes archivos sin seguimiento en el árbol de trabajo serán "
+"removidos al actualizar el árbol de trabajo:\n"
+"%%sPor favor, muévelos o elimínalos antes de intercambiar ramas."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Los siguientes archivos sin seguimiento del árbol de trabajo serán removidos "
+"al actualizar el árbol de trabajo:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Los siguientes archivos sin seguimiento en el árbol de trabajo serán "
+"removidos al fusionar:\n"
+"%%sPor favor, muévelos o elimínalos antes de fusionar."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Los siguientes archivos sin seguimiento de árbol de trabajo serán removidos "
+"al fusionar:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:142
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Los siguientes archivos sin seguimiento en el árbol de trabajo serán "
+"removidos al %s:\n"
+"%%sPor favor, muévelos o elimínalos antes de %s."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:144
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Los siguientes archivos sin seguimiento en el árbol de trabajo serán "
+"removidos al ejecutar %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:150
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Los siguientes archivos sin seguimiento en el árbol de trabajo serán "
+"sobrescritos al actualizar el árbol de trabajo:\n"
+"%%sPor favor, muévelos o elimínalos antes de intercambiar ramas."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Los siguientes archivos sin seguimiento de árbol de trabajo serán "
+"sobrescritos al actualizar el árbol de trabajo:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:155
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Los siguientes archivos sin seguimiento en el árbol de trabajo serán "
+"sobrescritos al fusionar:\n"
+"%%sPor favor, muévelos o elimínalos antes de fusionar."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Los siguientes archivos sin seguimiento de árbol de trabajo serán "
+"sobrescritos al fusionar:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:160
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Los siguientes archivos sin seguimiento en el árbol de trabajo serán "
+"sobrescritos al %s:\n"
+"%%sPor favor, muévelos o elimínalos antes de %s."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:162
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Los siguientes archivos no rastreados en el árbol de trabajo serán removidos "
+"por %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid "Entry '%s' overlaps with '%s'.  Cannot bind."
+msgstr "Entrada '%s' se superpone con '%s'.  No se pueden unir."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update sparse checkout: the following entries are not up to date:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"No se puede actualizar el sparse checkout: las siguientes entradas no están "
+"actualizadas:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:175
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be overwritten by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Los siguientes archivos del árbol de trabajo serán sobrescritos por la "
+"actualización sparse checkout:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be removed by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Los siguientes archivos del árbol de trabajo serán removidos por la "
+"actualización sparse checkout:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update submodule:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"No se puede actualizar le submódulo:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting\n"
+msgstr "Abortando\n"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:344
+msgid "Checking out files"
+msgstr "Revisando archivos"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:163
+msgid "invalid URL scheme name or missing '://' suffix"
+msgstr "nombre de URL invalido o sufijo '://' faltante"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:187 urlmatch.c:346 urlmatch.c:405
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid %XX escape sequence"
+msgstr "secuencia de escape %XX invalida"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:215
+msgid "missing host and scheme is not 'file:'"
+msgstr "falta host y el esquema no es 'file:'"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:232
+msgid "a 'file:' URL may not have a port number"
+msgstr "un 'archivo:' URL puede no tener un número de puerto"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:247
+msgid "invalid characters in host name"
+msgstr "carácter inválido en el nombre del host"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:292 urlmatch.c:303
+msgid "invalid port number"
+msgstr "numero de puerto invalido"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:371
+msgid "invalid '..' path segment"
+msgstr "segmento de ruta '..' invalido"
+
+#: worktree.c:245 builtin/am.c:2147
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al leer '%s'"
+
+#: worktree.c:291
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' at main working tree is not the repository directory"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' en el árbol de trabajo principal no es el directorio del repositorio"
+
+#: worktree.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' file does not contain absolute path to the working tree location"
+msgstr ""
+"archivo '%s' no contiene una ruta absoluta a la ubicación del árbol de "
+"trabajo"
+
+#: worktree.c:314
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "'%s' no existe"
+
+#: worktree.c:320
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a .git file, error code %d"
+msgstr "'%s' no es un archivo .git, código de error %d"
+
+#: worktree.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point back to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' no apunta de vuelta a '%s'"
+
+#: wrapper.c:223 wrapper.c:393
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading and writing"
+msgstr "no se pudo abrir '%s' para lectura y escritura"
+
+#: wrapper.c:227 wrapper.c:397 builtin/am.c:320 builtin/am.c:770
+#: builtin/am.c:862 builtin/merge.c:1043
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr "no se pudo abrir '%s' para lectura"
+
+#: wrapper.c:424 wrapper.c:624
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s'"
+msgstr "no es posible acceder '%s'"
+
+#: wrapper.c:632
+msgid "unable to get current working directory"
+msgstr "no es posible obtener el directorio de trabajo actual"
+
+#: wt-status.c:154
+msgid "Unmerged paths:"
+msgstr "Rutas no fusionadas:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:181 wt-status.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git reset %s <archivo>...\" para sacar del área de stage)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:183 wt-status.c:210
+msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git rm --cached <archivo>...\" para sacar del área de stage)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:187
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git add <archivo>...\" para marcar una resolución)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:189 wt-status.c:193
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (usa \"git add/rm <archivo>...\" como una forma apropiada de marcar la "
+"resolución)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:191
+msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git rm <file>...\" para marcar la resolución)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:202 wt-status.c:1015
+msgid "Changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "Cambios a ser confirmados:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:220 wt-status.c:1024
+msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
+msgstr "Cambios no rastreados para el commit:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:224
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (usa \"git add <archivo>...\" para actualizar lo que será confirmado)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:226
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (usa \"git add/rm <archivo>...\" para actualizar a lo que se le va a hacer "
+"commit)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:227
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (usa \"git checkout -- <archivo>...\" para descartar los cambios en el "
+"directorio de trabajo)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:229
+msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (confirmar o descartar el contenido sin seguimiento o modificado en los "
+"sub-módulos)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:241
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (usa \"git %s <archivo>...\" para incluirlo a lo que se será confirmado)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:256
+msgid "both deleted:"
+msgstr "ambos borrados:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:258
+msgid "added by us:"
+msgstr "agregado por nosotros:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:260
+msgid "deleted by them:"
+msgstr "borrados por ellos:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:262
+msgid "added by them:"
+msgstr "agregado por ellos:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:264
+msgid "deleted by us:"
+msgstr "borrado por nosotros:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:266
+msgid "both added:"
+msgstr "ambos agregados:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:268
+msgid "both modified:"
+msgstr "ambos modificados:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:278
+msgid "new file:"
+msgstr "nuevo archivo:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:280
+msgid "copied:"
+msgstr "copiado:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:282
+msgid "deleted:"
+msgstr "borrado:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:284
+msgid "modified:"
+msgstr "modificado:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:286
+msgid "renamed:"
+msgstr "renombrado:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:288
+msgid "typechange:"
+msgstr "cambio de tipo:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:290
+msgid "unknown:"
+msgstr "desconocido:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:292
+msgid "unmerged:"
+msgstr "des-fusionado:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:372
+msgid "new commits, "
+msgstr "nuevos commits, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:374
+msgid "modified content, "
+msgstr "contenido modificado, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:376
+msgid "untracked content, "
+msgstr "contenido no rastreado, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:853
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your stash currently has %d entry"
+msgid_plural "Your stash currently has %d entries"
+msgstr[0] "Tu stash actualmente tiene %d entrada"
+msgstr[1] "Tu stash actualmente tiene %d entradas"
+
+#: wt-status.c:885
+msgid "Submodules changed but not updated:"
+msgstr "Submodulos cambiados pero no actualizados:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:887
+msgid "Submodule changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "Submodulos cambiados listos para realizar commit:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:969
+msgid ""
+"Do not modify or remove the line above.\n"
+"Everything below it will be ignored."
+msgstr ""
+"No modifique o borre la línea de encima.\n"
+"Todo lo que este por abajo será removido."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1084
+msgid "You have unmerged paths."
+msgstr "Tienes rutas no fusionadas."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1087
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
+msgstr "  (arregla los conflictos y corre \"git commit\""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1089
+msgid "  (use \"git merge --abort\" to abort the merge)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git merge --abort\" para abortar la fusion)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1094
+msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
+msgstr "Todos los conflictos resueltos pero sigues fusionando."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1097
+msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git commit\" para concluir la fusión)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1107
+msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
+msgstr "Estás en medio de una sesión am."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1110
+msgid "The current patch is empty."
+msgstr "El parche actual esta vacío."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1114
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (arregla los conflictos y luego corre \"git am --continue\""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1116
+msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git am --skip\" para saltar este parche)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1118
+msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git am --abort\" para restaurar la rama original)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1250
+msgid "git-rebase-todo is missing."
+msgstr "git-rebase-todo no esta presente."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1252
+msgid "No commands done."
+msgstr "No se realizaron los comandos."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1255
+#, c-format
+msgid "Last command done (%d command done):"
+msgid_plural "Last commands done (%d commands done):"
+msgstr[0] "El último comando realizado (%d comando realizado):"
+msgstr[1] "Los últimos comandos realizados (%d comandos realizados):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1266
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (see more in file %s)"
+msgstr "  (ver mas en el archivo %s)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1271
+msgid "No commands remaining."
+msgstr "No quedan mas comandos."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "Next command to do (%d remaining command):"
+msgid_plural "Next commands to do (%d remaining commands):"
+msgstr[0] "Siguiente comando a realizar (%d comando restante):"
+msgstr[1] "Siguiente comandos a realizar (%d comandos faltantes):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1282
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --edit-todo\" to view and edit)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git rebase --edit-todo\" para ver y editar)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1295
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr "Estás aplicando un rebase de la rama '%s' en '%s."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1300
+msgid "You are currently rebasing."
+msgstr "Estás aplicando un rebase."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1314
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (corrige los conflictos y ejecuta \"git rebase --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1316
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git rebase --skip\" para omitir este parche)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1318
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git rebase --abort\" para volver a tu rama original)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1324
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (todos los conflictos corregidos: ejecuta \"git rebase --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1328
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Estás dividiendo un commit mientras aplicas un rebase de la rama '%s' en "
+"'%s'."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1333
+msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr "Estás dividiendo un commit durante un rebase."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1336
+msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr ""
+"  (Una vez que tu directorio de trabajo esté limpio, ejecuta \"git rebase --"
+"continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1340
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Estás editando un commit mientras se aplica un rebase de la rama '%s' en "
+"'%s'."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1345
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr "Estás editando un commit durante un rebase."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1348
+msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git commit --amend\" para enmendar el commit actual)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1350
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (usa \"git rebase --continue\" una vez que estés satisfecho con tus "
+"cambios)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1360
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently cherry-picking commit %s."
+msgstr "Estás realizando un cherry-picking en el commit %s."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1365
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (corrige los conflictos y ejecuta \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1368
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
+msgstr ""
+"  (todos los conflictos corregidos: ejecuta \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1370
+msgid "  (use \"git cherry-pick --abort\" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (use \"git cherry-pick --abort\" para cancelar la operación cherry-pick)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1379
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently reverting commit %s."
+msgstr "Estás revirtiendo el commit %s."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1384
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (corrige los conflictos y ejecuta \"git revert --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1387
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (todos los conflictos corregidos: ejecuta \"git revert --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1389
+msgid "  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git revert --abort\" para cancelar la operación de revertir)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1400
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Estás aplicando un bisect, comenzando en la rama '%s'."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1404
+msgid "You are currently bisecting."
+msgstr "Estás aplicando un bisect."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1407
+msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git bisect reset\" para volver a la rama original)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1604
+msgid "On branch "
+msgstr "En la rama "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1610
+msgid "interactive rebase in progress; onto "
+msgstr "rebase interactivo en progreso; en "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1612
+msgid "rebase in progress; onto "
+msgstr "rebase en progreso; en "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1617
+msgid "HEAD detached at "
+msgstr "HEAD desacoplada en "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1619
+msgid "HEAD detached from "
+msgstr "HEAD desacoplada de "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1622
+msgid "Not currently on any branch."
+msgstr "Actualmente no estás en ninguna rama."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1642
+msgid "Initial commit"
+msgstr "Confirmación inicial"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1643
+msgid "No commits yet"
+msgstr "No hay commits todavía"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1657
+msgid "Untracked files"
+msgstr "Archivos sin seguimiento"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1659
+msgid "Ignored files"
+msgstr "Archivos ignorados"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1663
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
+"may speed it up, but you have to be careful not to forget to add\n"
+"new files yourself (see 'git help status')."
+msgstr ""
+"Tomó %.2f segundos enumerar los archivos no rastreados. 'status -uno'\n"
+"puede acelerarlo, pero tiene que ser cuidadoso de no olvidar agregar\n"
+"nuevos archivos usted mismo (vea 'git help status')."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1669
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
+msgstr "Archivos no rastreados no son mostrados %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1671
+msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
+msgstr " (usa la opción -u para mostrar los archivos sin seguimiento)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1677
+msgid "No changes"
+msgstr "Sin cambios"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1682
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
+msgstr ""
+"sin cambios agregados al commit (usa \"git add\" y/o \"git commit -a\")\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1685
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
+msgstr "no se agregaron cambios al commit\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1688
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
+"track)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"no hay nada agregado al commit pero hay archivos sin seguimiento presentes "
+"(usa \"git add\" para hacerles seguimiento)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1691
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
+msgstr ""
+"no hay nada agregado para confirmar, pero hay archivos sin seguimiento "
+"presentes\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1694
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"no hay nada para confirmar (crea/copia archivos y usa \"git add\" para "
+"hacerles seguimiento)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1697 wt-status.c:1702
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit\n"
+msgstr "nada para hacer commit\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1700
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"nada para hacer commit (usa -u para mostrar los archivos no rastreados)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1704
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit, working tree clean\n"
+msgstr "nada para hacer commit, el árbol de trabajo esta limpio\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1817
+msgid "No commits yet on "
+msgstr "No hay commits todavía en "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1821
+msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
+msgstr "HEAD (sin rama)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1852
+msgid "different"
+msgstr "diferente"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1854 wt-status.c:1862
+msgid "behind "
+msgstr "detrás "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1857 wt-status.c:1860
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr "adelante "
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the action is e.g. "pull with rebase"
+#: wt-status.c:2366
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "no se puede %s: Tienes cambios sin marcar."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2372
+msgid "additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "adicionalmente, tu índice contiene cambios que no están en un commit."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2374
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "no se puede %s: Tu índice contiene cambios que no están en un commit."
+
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:442
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al desvincular '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:24
+msgid "git add [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git add [<opción>] [--] <especificación-de-ruta>..."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
+msgstr "diff status inesperado %c"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:88 builtin/commit.c:266
+msgid "updating files failed"
+msgstr "falló la actualización de carpetas"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "remove '%s'\n"
+msgstr "remover '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:173
+msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
+msgstr "Cambios fuera del área de stage tras refrescar el índice:"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:233 builtin/rev-parse.c:892
+msgid "Could not read the index"
+msgstr "No se pudo leer el índice"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:244
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
+msgstr "No se pudo abrir '%s' para escritura."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:248
+msgid "Could not write patch"
+msgstr "No se puede escribir el parche"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:251
+msgid "editing patch failed"
+msgstr "falló la edición del parche"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:254
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "No se pudo definir '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:256
+msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
+msgstr "Parche vacío. Abortado."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:261
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
+msgstr "No se pudo aplicar '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:269
+msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Las siguientes rutas son ignoradas por uno de tus archivos .gitignore:\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:289 builtin/clean.c:911 builtin/fetch.c:145 builtin/mv.c:123
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/pull.c:212 builtin/push.c:557
+#: builtin/remote.c:1342 builtin/rm.c:240 builtin/send-pack.c:165
+msgid "dry run"
+msgstr "dry run ( ejecución en seco)"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:292
+msgid "interactive picking"
+msgstr "selección interactiva"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:293 builtin/checkout.c:1135 builtin/reset.c:302
+msgid "select hunks interactively"
+msgstr "elegir hunks de forma interactiva"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:294
+msgid "edit current diff and apply"
+msgstr "editar diff actual y aplicar"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:295
+msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
+msgstr "permitir agregar caso contrario ignorar archivos"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:296
+msgid "update tracked files"
+msgstr "actualizado las carpetas rastreadas"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "renormalize EOL of tracked files (implies -u)"
+msgstr "renormalizar EOL de los archivos rastreados (implica -u)"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:298
+msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
+msgstr "grabar solo el hecho de que la ruta será agregada después"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:299
+msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
+msgstr "agregar los cambios de todas las carpetas con y sin seguimiento"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:302
+msgid "ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"
+msgstr "ignorar rutas removidas en el árbol de trabajo (lo mismo que --no-all)"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:304
+msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
+msgstr "no agregar, solo actualizar el índice"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:305
+msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
+msgstr "saltar las carpetas que no pueden ser agregadas a causa de errores"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:306
+msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
+msgstr "comprobar si - incluso los archivos que faltan - se ignoran en dry run"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:307 builtin/update-index.c:974
+msgid "(+/-)x"
+msgstr "(+/-)x"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:307 builtin/update-index.c:975
+msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
+msgstr "sobrescribir el bit ejecutable de los archivos listados"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:309
+msgid "warn when adding an embedded repository"
+msgstr "avisar cuando se agrega un repositorio incrustado"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You've added another git repository inside your current repository.\n"
+"Clones of the outer repository will not contain the contents of\n"
+"the embedded repository and will not know how to obtain it.\n"
+"If you meant to add a submodule, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If you added this path by mistake, you can remove it from the\n"
+"index with:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"See \"git help submodule\" for more information."
+msgstr ""
+"Se ha agregado otro repositorio de git dentro del repositorio actual.\n"
+"Clones del repositorio exterior no tendrán el contenido del \n"
+"repositorio embebido y no sabrán como obtenerla.\n"
+"Si quería agregar un submódulo, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Si se agrego esta ruta por error, puede removerla desde el índice \n"
+"usando:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Vea \"git help submodule\" para mas información."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:352
+#, c-format
+msgid "adding embedded git repository: %s"
+msgstr "agregando repositorio embebido: %s"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:370
+#, c-format
+msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
+msgstr "Use -f si realmente quiere agregarlos.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:378
+msgid "adding files failed"
+msgstr "falló al agregar archivos"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:416
+msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
+msgstr "-A y -u son mutuamente incompatibles"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:423
+msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
+msgstr "Opción --ignore-missing solo puede ser usada junto a --dry-run"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:427
+#, c-format
+msgid "--chmod param '%s' must be either -x or +x"
+msgstr "El parámetro '%s' para --chmod debe ser -x ó +x"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:442
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
+msgstr "Nada especificado, nada agregado.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:443
+#, c-format
+msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
+msgstr "Tal vez quiso decir 'git add .'?\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:448 builtin/check-ignore.c:177 builtin/checkout.c:280
+#: builtin/checkout.c:483 builtin/clean.c:958 builtin/commit.c:325
+#: builtin/diff-tree.c:114 builtin/mv.c:144 builtin/reset.c:241
+#: builtin/rm.c:270 builtin/submodule--helper.c:328
+msgid "index file corrupt"
+msgstr "archivo índice corrompido"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:414
+msgid "could not parse author script"
+msgstr "no se pudo analizar el script del autor"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:498
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' was deleted by the applypatch-msg hook"
+msgstr "'%s' fue borrado por el hook de applypatch-msg"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:539
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "Línea mal formada: '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:576
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Falló al copiar notas de '%s' a '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:602
+msgid "fseek failed"
+msgstr "fall de fseek"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:790
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse patch '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo analizar el parche '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:855
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr "Solo un parche StGIT puede ser aplicado de una vez"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:903
+msgid "invalid timestamp"
+msgstr "timestamp invalido"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:908 builtin/am.c:920
+msgid "invalid Date line"
+msgstr "línea Date invalida"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:915
+msgid "invalid timezone offset"
+msgstr "offset de zona horaria inválido"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1008
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr "Falló al detectar el formato del parche."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1013 builtin/clone.c:407
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al crear el directorio '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1018
+msgid "Failed to split patches."
+msgstr "Falló al dividir parches."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1148 builtin/commit.c:351
+msgid "unable to write index file"
+msgstr "no es posible escribir en el archivo índice"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1162
+#, c-format
+msgid "When you have resolved this problem, run \"%s --continue\"."
+msgstr "Cuando haya resuelto este problema, ejecute \"%s --continue\"."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1163
+#, c-format
+msgid "If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"%s --skip\" instead."
+msgstr "Si prefieres saltar este parche, ejecuta \"%s --skip\"."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1164
+#, c-format
+msgid "To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"%s --abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Para restaurar la rama original y detener el parchado, ejecutar \"%s --abort"
+"\"."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1271
+msgid "Patch is empty."
+msgstr "El parche esta vacío."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1337
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid ident line: %.*s"
+msgstr "sangría no válida: %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1359
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse commit %s"
+msgstr "no es posible analizar el commit %s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1554
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Repositorio carece de los blobs necesarios para retroceder en una fusión de "
+"3-vías."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1556
+msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
+msgstr "Usando la información del índice para reconstruir un árbol base..."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1575
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+msgstr ""
+"Editaste el parche a mano?\n"
+"No aplica a blobs guardados en su índice."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1581
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr "Retrocediendo para parchar base y fusión de 3-vías..."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1606
+msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
+msgstr "Falló al fusionar en los cambios."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1637
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr "aplicando a un historial vacío"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1683 builtin/am.c:1687
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot resume: %s does not exist."
+msgstr "no se puede continuar: %s no existe."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1703
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr "no se puede ser interactivo sin stdin conectado a un terminal."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1708
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
+msgstr "Cuerpo de commit es:"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#.
+#: builtin/am.c:1718
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all: "
+msgstr "Aplicar? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all: "
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1768
+#, c-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "�ndice sucio: no se puede aplicar parches (sucio: %s)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1808 builtin/am.c:1879
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying: %.*s"
+msgstr "Aplicando: %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1824
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr "Sin cambios -- parche ya aplicado."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1832
+#, c-format
+msgid "Patch failed at %s %.*s"
+msgstr "El parche falló en %s %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1838
+msgid "Use 'git am --show-current-patch' to see the failed patch"
+msgstr "Use 'git am --show-current-patch' para ver el parche fallido"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1882
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
+msgstr ""
+"Sin cambios - olvidaste usar 'git add'?\n"
+"Si no hay nada en el área de stage, las posibilidad es que algo mas\n"
+"ya haya introducido el mismo cambio; tal vez quieras omitir este parche."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1889
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index.\n"
+"You should 'git add' each file with resolved conflicts to mark them as "
+"such.\n"
+"You might run `git rm` on a file to accept \"deleted by them\" for it."
+msgstr ""
+"Todavía tiene rutas sin fusionar en su índice.\n"
+"Debe realizar 'git add' cada archivo con conflictos resueltos y marcarlos "
+"como tal.\n"
+"Tal vez ejecute `git rm` en el archivo para aceptar \"borrado por ellos\" en "
+"él."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1996 builtin/am.c:2000 builtin/am.c:2012 builtin/reset.c:324
+#: builtin/reset.c:332
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr "No se pudo analizar el objeto '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2048
+msgid "failed to clean index"
+msgstr "falló al limpiar el índice"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2083
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"Parece haber movido HEAD desde el último falló 'am'.\n"
+"No rebobinando a ORIG_HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2174
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for --patch-format: %s"
+msgstr "Valor invalido para --patch-format: %s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2210
+msgid "git am [<options>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"
+msgstr "git am [<opciones>] [(<mbox> | <Directorio-de-correo>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2211
+msgid "git am [<options>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
+msgstr "git am [<opciones>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2217
+msgid "run interactively"
+msgstr "ejecutar de manera interactiva"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2219
+msgid "historical option -- no-op"
+msgstr "opción histórica -- no-op"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2221
+msgid "allow fall back on 3way merging if needed"
+msgstr "permitir retroceso en fusión de 3-vías si es necesario"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2222 builtin/init-db.c:484 builtin/prune-packed.c:57
+#: builtin/repack.c:192
+msgid "be quiet"
+msgstr "ser silencioso"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2224
+msgid "add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message"
+msgstr "agregar una línea \"Firmado-por\" al mensaje del commit"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2227
+msgid "recode into utf8 (default)"
+msgstr "recodificar en utf8 (default)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2229
+msgid "pass -k flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "pasar flag -k a git-mailinfo"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2231
+msgid "pass -b flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "pasar flag -b a git-mailinfo"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2233
+msgid "pass -m flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "pasar flag -m a git-mailinfo"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2235
+msgid "pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit for mbox format"
+msgstr "pasar flag --keep-cr a git-mailsplit para formato mbox"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2238
+msgid "do not pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit independent of am.keepcr"
+msgstr ""
+"no pasar flag --keep-cr a git-mailsplit independientemente de am.keepcr"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2241
+msgid "strip everything before a scissors line"
+msgstr "descubrir todo antes de una línea de tijeras"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2243 builtin/am.c:2246 builtin/am.c:2249 builtin/am.c:2252
+#: builtin/am.c:2255 builtin/am.c:2258 builtin/am.c:2261 builtin/am.c:2264
+#: builtin/am.c:2270
+msgid "pass it through git-apply"
+msgstr "pasarlo a través de git-apply"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2260 builtin/commit.c:1332 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:668 builtin/grep.c:853 builtin/merge.c:208
+#: builtin/pull.c:150 builtin/pull.c:208 builtin/repack.c:201
+#: builtin/repack.c:205 builtin/repack.c:207 builtin/show-branch.c:631
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:169 builtin/tag.c:383 parse-options.h:144
+#: parse-options.h:146 parse-options.h:258
+msgid "n"
+msgstr "n"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2266 builtin/branch.c:632 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38
+#: builtin/replace.c:543 builtin/tag.c:419 builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format"
+msgstr "formato"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2267
+msgid "format the patch(es) are in"
+msgstr "formatear el parche(s)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2273
+msgid "override error message when patch failure occurs"
+msgstr "sobrescribir mensajes de error cuando fallos de parchado ocurran"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2275
+msgid "continue applying patches after resolving a conflict"
+msgstr "continuar aplicando los parches tras resolver conflictos"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2278
+msgid "synonyms for --continue"
+msgstr "sinónimos para --continue"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2281
+msgid "skip the current patch"
+msgstr "saltar el parche actual"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2284
+msgid "restore the original branch and abort the patching operation."
+msgstr "restaurar la rama original y abortar la operación de parchado."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2287
+msgid "abort the patching operation but keep HEAD where it is."
+msgstr "abortar la operación de parchado pero mantener HEAD donde está."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2290
+msgid "show the patch being applied."
+msgstr "muestra el parche siendo aplicado."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2294
+msgid "lie about committer date"
+msgstr "mentir sobre la fecha del committer"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2296
+msgid "use current timestamp for author date"
+msgstr "usar el timestamp actual para la fecha del autor"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2298 builtin/commit.c:1468 builtin/merge.c:239
+#: builtin/pull.c:183 builtin/revert.c:112 builtin/tag.c:399
+msgid "key-id"
+msgstr "key-id"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2299
+msgid "GPG-sign commits"
+msgstr "Commits con firma GPG"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2302
+msgid "(internal use for git-rebase)"
+msgstr "(uso interno para git-rebase)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2320
+msgid ""
+"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
+msgstr ""
+"La opción -b/--binary ha estado deshabilitada por mucho tiempo, y\n"
+"será removida. Por favor no la use más."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2327
+msgid "failed to read the index"
+msgstr "falló al leer el índice"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2342
+#, c-format
+msgid "previous rebase directory %s still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr "directorio de rebase previo %s todavía existe en el mbox dado."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2366
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Stray %s directory found.\n"
+"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
+msgstr ""
+"Directorio extraviado %s encontrado.\n"
+"Use \"git am --abort\" para borrarlo."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2372
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr "Operación de resolución no está en progreso, no vamos a continuar."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:8
+msgid "git apply [<options>] [<patch>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [<opciones>] [<parche>...]"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:17
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create archive file '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo crear el archivo comprimido '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:20
+msgid "could not redirect output"
+msgstr "no se pudo direccionar la salida"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:37
+msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
+msgstr "git archive: Remote sin URL"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:58
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr "git archive: se esperaba ACK/NAK, se obtuvo flush packet"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
+msgstr "git archive: NACK %s"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:64
+msgid "git archive: protocol error"
+msgstr "git archive: error de protocolo"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:68
+msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
+msgstr "git archive: se esperaba un flush"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:12
+msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:13
+msgid "git bisect--helper --write-terms <bad_term> <good_term>"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --write-terms <mal_término> <buen_término>"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:14
+msgid "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid term"
+msgstr "'%s' no es un término válido"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't use the builtin command '%s' as a term"
+msgstr "no se puede usar el comando nativo '%s' como un término"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't change the meaning of the term '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede cambiar el significado del término '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:71
+msgid "please use two different terms"
+msgstr "por favor use dos términos diferentes"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:78
+msgid "could not open the file BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "no se pudo abrir el archivo BISECT_TERMS"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:120
+msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
+msgstr "realiza 'git bisect next'"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:122
+msgid "write the terms to .git/BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "escribe los términos a .git/BISECT_TERMS"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:124
+msgid "cleanup the bisection state"
+msgstr "limpiar el estado de bisección"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:126
+msgid "check for expected revs"
+msgstr "revisar por revs esperados"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:128
+msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
+msgstr "actualiza BISECT_HEAD en lugar de revisar el commit actual"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:143
+msgid "--write-terms requires two arguments"
+msgstr "--write-terms requiere dos argumentos"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:147
+msgid "--bisect-clean-state requires no arguments"
+msgstr "--bisect-clean-state no requiere argumentos"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:29
+msgid "git blame [<options>] [<rev-opts>] [<rev>] [--] <file>"
+msgstr "git blame [<opciones>] [<opciones-rev>] [<revision>] [--] <archivo>"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:34
+msgid "<rev-opts> are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+msgstr "<rev-opts> están documentadas en git-rev-list(1)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:404
+#, c-format
+msgid "expecting a color: %s"
+msgstr "esperando un color: %s"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:411
+msgid "must end with a color"
+msgstr "tiene que terminar con un color"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:697
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid color '%s' in color.blame.repeatedLines"
+msgstr "color invalido '%s' en color.blame.repeatedLines"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:715
+msgid "invalid value for blame.coloring"
+msgstr "valor inválido para blame.coloring"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:786
+msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
+msgstr "Mostrar las entradas blame como las encontramos, incrementalmente"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:787
+msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Mostrar SHA-1 en blanco para commits extremos (Default: off)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:788
+msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
+msgstr "No tratar commits raíces como extremos (Default: off)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:789
+msgid "Show work cost statistics"
+msgstr "Mostrar estadísticas de costo de trabajo"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:790
+msgid "Force progress reporting"
+msgstr "Forzar el reporte de progreso"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:791
+msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
+msgstr "Mostrar la puntuación de salida de las entradas de blame"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:792
+msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
+msgstr "Mostrar nombre original del archivo (Default: auto)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:793
+msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Mostrar número de línea original (Default: off)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:794
+msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
+msgstr "Mostrar en un formato diseñado para consumo de máquina"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:795
+msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
+msgstr "Mostrar en formato porcelana con información de commit por línea"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:796
+msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Usar el mismo modo salida como git-annotate (Default: off)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:797
+msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Mostrar timestamp en formato raw (Default: off)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:798
+msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Mostrar SHA1 del commit en formato largo (Default: off)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:799
+msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Suprimir nombre del autor y timestamp (Default: off)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:800
+msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Mostrar en cambio el email del autor (Default: off)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:801
+msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
+msgstr "Ignorar diferencias de espacios en blanco"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:802
+msgid "color redundant metadata from previous line differently"
+msgstr "colorear metadata redundante de lineas previas de manera diferente"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:803
+msgid "color lines by age"
+msgstr "colorear lineas por edad"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:810
+msgid "Use an experimental heuristic to improve diffs"
+msgstr "Usar un heurístico experimental para mejorar los diffs"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:812
+msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
+msgstr "Ocupo más ciclos para encontrar mejoras resultados"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:813
+msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
+msgstr "Use revisiones desde <archivo> en lugar de llamar git-rev-list"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:814
+msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
+msgstr "Usar contenido de <archivo> como imagen final"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:815 builtin/blame.c:816
+msgid "score"
+msgstr "puntaje"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:815
+msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
+msgstr "Encontrar copias de líneas entre y a través de archivos"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:816
+msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
+msgstr "Encontrar movimientos de líneas entre y a través de archivos"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:817
+msgid "n,m"
+msgstr "n,m"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:817
+msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
+msgstr "Procesar solo el rango de líneas n,m, contando desde 1"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:866
+msgid "--progress can't be used with --incremental or porcelain formats"
+msgstr "--progress no puede ser usado con --incremental o formatos porcelana"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the
+#. maximum display width for a relative timestamp in
+#. "git blame" output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11
+#. months ago", which takes 22 places, is the longest
+#. among various forms of relative timestamps, but
+#. your language may need more or fewer display
+#. columns.
+#.
+#: builtin/blame.c:917
+msgid "4 years, 11 months ago"
+msgstr "hace 4 años, 11 meses"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s has only %lu line"
+msgid_plural "file %s has only %lu lines"
+msgstr[0] "archivo %s tiene solo %lu línea"
+msgstr[1] "archivo %s tiene solo %lu líneas"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:1049
+msgid "Blaming lines"
+msgstr "Blaming a líneas"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:27
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+msgstr "git branch [<opciones>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:28
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-l] [-f] <branch-name> [<start-point>]"
+msgstr "git branch [<opciones>] [-l] [-f] <nombre-de-rama> [<punto-inicial>]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:29
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r] (-d | -D) <branch-name>..."
+msgstr "git branch [<opciones>] [-r] (-d | -D) <nombre-de-rama>..."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:30
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-m | -M) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [<opciones>] (-m | -M) [<rama-vieja>] <rama-nueva>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:31
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-c | -C) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [<opciones>] (-c | -C) [<rama-vieja>] <rama-nueva>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:32
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+msgstr "git branch [<opciones>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:33
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+msgstr "git branch [<opciones>] [-r | -a] [--formato]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:146
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
+"         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+"borrando la rama '%s' que ha sido fusionada en\n"
+"         '%s', pero aún no ha sido fusionada a HEAD."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:150
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
+"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+"no borrando rama '%s' que todavía no ha sido fusionada \n"
+"\ta '%s', aunque se fusione con HEAD."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:164
+#, c-format
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
+msgstr "No se pudo encontrar el objeto commit para '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
+"If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
+msgstr ""
+"La rama '%s' no ha sido fusionada completamente.\n"
+"Si está seguro de querer borrarla, ejecute 'git branch -D %s'."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:181
+msgid "Update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "Falló de actualización de config-file"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:212
+msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
+msgstr "no se puede usar-a con -d"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:218
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
+msgstr "No se pudo revisar el objeto commit para HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:232
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot delete branch '%s' checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "No se puede borrar rama '%s' que cuenta con checkout en '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:247
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote-tracking branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "rama de rastreo remoto '%s' no encontrada."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:248
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "rama '%s' no encontrada."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:263
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting remote-tracking branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Error al eliminar la rama de rastreo remota '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:264
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Error al eliminar la rama '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:271
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted remote-tracking branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Eliminada la rama de rastreo remota %s (era %s).\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Eliminada la rama %s (era %s)..\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:416 builtin/tag.c:58
+msgid "unable to parse format string"
+msgstr "no es posible analizar el string de formato"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:453
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s is being rebased at %s"
+msgstr "Rama %s está siendo rebasada en %s"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:457
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s is being bisected at %s"
+msgstr "Rama %s está siendo bisecada en %s"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:474
+msgid "cannot copy the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr "no se puede copiar la rama actual mientras no se está en ninguna."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:476
+msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr "no se puede renombrar la rama actual mientras no se está en ninguna."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:487
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
+msgstr "Nombre de rama invalido: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:514
+msgid "Branch rename failed"
+msgstr "Cambio de nombre de rama fallido"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:516
+msgid "Branch copy failed"
+msgstr "Copiado de rama fallido"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:520
+#, c-format
+msgid "Created a copy of a misnamed branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Copia creada de la rama malnombrada '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:523
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+msgstr "Rama mal llamada '%s' renombrada"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:529
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
+msgstr "¡Rama renombrada a %s, pero HEAD no está actualizado!"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:538
+msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr ""
+"La rama está renombrada, pero falló la actualización del archivo de "
+"configuración"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:540
+msgid "Branch is copied, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr ""
+"La rama está copiada, pero falló la actualización del archivo de "
+"configuración"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:556
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Please edit the description for the branch\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be stripped.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Por favor, edita la descripción para la rama\n"
+"%s\n"
+"Las líneas que comiencen con '%c' serán removidas.\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:589
+msgid "Generic options"
+msgstr "Opciones genéricas"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:591
+msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
+msgstr "mostrar hash y tema, dar dos veces para rama upstream"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:592
+msgid "suppress informational messages"
+msgstr "suprimir mensajes informativos"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:593
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
+msgstr "configurando modo tracking (mirar git-pull(1))"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:595
+msgid "do not use"
+msgstr "no usar"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
+msgid "upstream"
+msgstr "upstream"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
+msgid "change the upstream info"
+msgstr "cambiar info de upstream"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:598
+msgid "Unset the upstream info"
+msgstr "Desconfigurando la info de upstream"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:599
+msgid "use colored output"
+msgstr "usar salida con colores"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:600
+msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "actuar en ramas de traqueo remoto"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:602 builtin/branch.c:604
+msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
+msgstr "mostrar solo ramas que contienen el commit"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:603 builtin/branch.c:605
+msgid "print only branches that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "mostrar solo ramas que no contienen el commit"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:608
+msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
+msgstr "Acciones específicas de git-branch:"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:609
+msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr "listar ramas de remote-tracking y locales"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:611
+msgid "delete fully merged branch"
+msgstr "borrar ramas totalmente fusionadas"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:612
+msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
+msgstr "borrar rama (incluso si no esta fusionada)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:613
+msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr "mover/renombrar una rama y su reflog"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:614
+msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr "mover/renombrar una rama, incluso si el destino existe"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:615
+msgid "copy a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr "copiar una rama y su reflog"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:616
+msgid "copy a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr "copiar una rama, incluso si el objetivo existe"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:617
+msgid "list branch names"
+msgstr "listar nombres de ramas"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:618
+msgid "create the branch's reflog"
+msgstr "crea el reflog de la rama"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:620
+msgid "edit the description for the branch"
+msgstr "edita la descripción de la rama"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:621
+msgid "force creation, move/rename, deletion"
+msgstr "fuerza la creación,movimiento/renombrado,borrado"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:622
+msgid "print only branches that are merged"
+msgstr "muestra solo ramas que han sido fusionadas"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:623
+msgid "print only branches that are not merged"
+msgstr "muestra solo ramas que no han sido fusionadas"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:624
+msgid "list branches in columns"
+msgstr "muestra las ramas en columnas"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:625 builtin/for-each-ref.c:40 builtin/ls-remote.c:70
+#: builtin/tag.c:412
+msgid "key"
+msgstr "clave"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:626 builtin/for-each-ref.c:41 builtin/ls-remote.c:71
+#: builtin/tag.c:413
+msgid "field name to sort on"
+msgstr "nombre del campo por el cuál ordenar"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:628 builtin/for-each-ref.c:43 builtin/notes.c:408
+#: builtin/notes.c:411 builtin/notes.c:571 builtin/notes.c:574
+#: builtin/tag.c:415
+msgid "object"
+msgstr "objeto"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:629
+msgid "print only branches of the object"
+msgstr "imprimir sólo las ramas del objeto"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:631 builtin/for-each-ref.c:49 builtin/tag.c:422
+msgid "sorting and filtering are case insensitive"
+msgstr "ordenamiento y filtrado son case-insensitive"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:632 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38 builtin/tag.c:420
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format to use for the output"
+msgstr "formato para usar para el output"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:655 builtin/clone.c:737
+msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
+msgstr "HEAD no encontrado abajo de refs/heads!"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:678
+msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column y --verbose son incompatibles"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:693 builtin/branch.c:745 builtin/branch.c:754
+msgid "branch name required"
+msgstr "se necesita el nombre de la rama"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:721
+msgid "Cannot give description to detached HEAD"
+msgstr "No se puede dar descripción al HEAD desacoplado"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:726
+msgid "cannot edit description of more than one branch"
+msgstr "no se puede editar la descripción de más de una rama"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:733
+#, c-format
+msgid "No commit on branch '%s' yet."
+msgstr "Aún no hay commits en la rama '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:736
+#, c-format
+msgid "No branch named '%s'."
+msgstr "No hay ninguna rama llamada '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:751
+msgid "too many branches for a copy operation"
+msgstr "demasiadas ramas para una operación de copiado"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:760
+msgid "too many arguments for a rename operation"
+msgstr "demasiados argumentos para una operación de renombrado"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:765
+msgid "too many arguments to set new upstream"
+msgstr "demasiados argumentos para configurar un nuevo upstream"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:769
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr ""
+"no se pudo configurar upstream de HEAD a %s cuando este no apunta a ninguna "
+"rama."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:772 builtin/branch.c:794 builtin/branch.c:810
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch '%s'"
+msgstr "no hay tal rama '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:776
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "la rama '%s' no existe"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:788
+msgid "too many arguments to unset upstream"
+msgstr "demasiados argumentos para desconfigurar upstream"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:792
+msgid "could not unset upstream of HEAD when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr ""
+"no se puede desconfigurar upstream de HEAD cuando este no apunta a ninguna "
+"rama."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:798
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
+msgstr "Rama '%s' no tiene información de upstream"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:813
+msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
+msgstr ""
+"opciones -a y -r para 'git branch' no tienen sentido con un nombre de rama"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:816
+msgid ""
+"the '--set-upstream' option is no longer supported. Please use '--track' or "
+"'--set-upstream-to' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"la opción '--set-upstream' ya no es soportada. Considere usar '--track' o '--"
+"set-upstream-to' en cambio."
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:45
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is okay\n"
+msgstr "%s está bien\n"
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:58
+msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
+msgstr "Se necesita un repositorio para agrupar."
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:62
+msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
+msgstr "Se necesita un repositorio para desagrupar."
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:525
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <type> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<path>] <object>"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <tipo> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<ruta>] <objeto>"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:526
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:563
+msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
+msgstr "<tipo> puede ser: blob, tree, commit, tag"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:564
+msgid "show object type"
+msgstr "mostrar el tipo del objeto"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:565
+msgid "show object size"
+msgstr "mostrar el tamaño del objeto"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:567
+msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
+msgstr "salir con cero cuando no haya error"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:568
+msgid "pretty-print object's content"
+msgstr "realizar pretty-print del contenido del objeto"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:570
+msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
+msgstr "para objetos blob, ejecuta textconv en el contenido del objeto"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:572
+msgid "for blob objects, run filters on object's content"
+msgstr "para objetos blob, ejecuta filters en el contenido del objeto"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:573 git-submodule.sh:894
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr "blob"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:574
+msgid "use a specific path for --textconv/--filters"
+msgstr "use una ruta específica para --textconv/--filters"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:576
+msgid "allow -s and -t to work with broken/corrupt objects"
+msgstr "permita -s y -t para trabajar con objetos rotos o corruptos"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:577
+msgid "buffer --batch output"
+msgstr "salida buffer --batch"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:579
+msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr "mostrar info y content de los objetos alimentados por standard input"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:582
+msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr "mostrar info de los objetos alimentados por standard input"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:585
+msgid "follow in-tree symlinks (used with --batch or --batch-check)"
+msgstr ""
+"seguir los enlaces simbólicos en el árbol (usado con --batch o --batch-check)"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:587
+msgid "show all objects with --batch or --batch-check"
+msgstr "mostrar todos los objetos con --batch o --batch-check"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:12
+msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | <attr>...] [--] <pathname>..."
+msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | <attr>...] [--] <nombre-de-ruta>..."
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:13
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...]"
+msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...]"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
+msgid "report all attributes set on file"
+msgstr "reportar todos los atributos configurados en el archivo"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21
+msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
+msgstr "use .gitattributes solo desde el índice"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:22 builtin/check-ignore.c:24 builtin/hash-object.c:100
+msgid "read file names from stdin"
+msgstr "leer nombres de archivos de stdin"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:24 builtin/check-ignore.c:26
+msgid "terminate input and output records by a NUL character"
+msgstr "terminar registros de entrada y salida con un carácter NUL"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:20 builtin/checkout.c:1113 builtin/gc.c:500
+msgid "suppress progress reporting"
+msgstr "suprimir el reporte de progreso"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
+msgid "show non-matching input paths"
+msgstr "mostrar rutas de entrada que no concuerdan"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:30
+msgid "ignore index when checking"
+msgstr "ignorar el índice cuando se revise"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
+msgid "cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
+msgstr "no se puede especificar los nombres de rutas con --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:162
+msgid "-z only makes sense with --stdin"
+msgstr "-z sólo tiene sentido con --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:164
+msgid "no path specified"
+msgstr "ruta no especificada"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
+msgid "--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
+msgstr "--quiet solo es válido con un nombre de ruta único"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:170
+msgid "cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"
+msgstr "no se puede tener ambos --quiet y --verbose"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:173
+msgid "--non-matching is only valid with --verbose"
+msgstr "--non-matching sólo es válida con --verbose"
+
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:9
+msgid "git check-mailmap [<options>] <contact>..."
+msgstr "git check-mailmap [<opciones>] <contacto>..."
+
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:14
+msgid "also read contacts from stdin"
+msgstr "también leer contactos desde stdin"
+
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:25
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse contact: %s"
+msgstr "no es posible analizar el contacto: %s"
+
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:48
+msgid "no contacts specified"
+msgstr "contactos no especificados"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:128
+msgid "git checkout-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git checkout-index [<opciones>] [--] [<archivo>...]"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:143
+msgid "stage should be between 1 and 3 or all"
+msgstr "stage tiene que estar entre 1 y 3 o all"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:159
+msgid "check out all files in the index"
+msgstr "revisar todos los archivos en el índice"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:160
+msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
+msgstr "forzar sobreescritura de los archivos existentes"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:162
+msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
+msgstr ""
+"no hay advertencias para los archivos existentes y los archivos no están en "
+"el índice"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:164
+msgid "don't checkout new files"
+msgstr "no revisar archivos nuevos"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:166
+msgid "update stat information in the index file"
+msgstr "actualizar información de estado en el archivo índice"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:170
+msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
+msgstr "leer lista de rutas desde standard input"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:172
+msgid "write the content to temporary files"
+msgstr "escribir el contenido en un archivo temporal"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:173 builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1216 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1219
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1227 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1591
+#: builtin/worktree.c:610
+msgid "string"
+msgstr "string"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:174
+msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
+msgstr "cuando cree archivos, anteponer <string>"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:176
+msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
+msgstr "copiar los archivos del stage nombrado"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:27
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] <branch>"
+msgstr "git checkout [<opciones>]  <rama>"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:28
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
+msgstr "git checkout [<opciones>] [<rama>] -- <archivo>..."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:136 builtin/checkout.c:169
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
+msgstr "ruta '%s' no tiene nuestra versión"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:138 builtin/checkout.c:171
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
+msgstr "ruta '%s' no tiene su versión"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:154
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
+msgstr "ruta '%s' no tiene todas las versiones necesarias"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:198
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
+msgstr "ruta '%s' no tiene versiones necesarias"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
+msgstr "ruta '%s': no se puede fusionar"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:231
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
+msgstr "Incapaz de agregar resultados de fusión a '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:253 builtin/checkout.c:256 builtin/checkout.c:259
+#: builtin/checkout.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
+msgstr "'%s' no puede ser usada con rutas actualizadas"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:268
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr "'%s' no puede ser usado con %s"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:271
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
+msgstr "No se puede actualizar rutas y cambiar a la rama '%s' al mismo tiempo."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:340 builtin/checkout.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
+msgstr "ruta '%s' no esta fusionada"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:506
+msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
+msgstr "necesita resolver su índice actual primero"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:643
+#, c-format
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "No se puede hacer reflog para '%s': %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:684
+msgid "HEAD is now at"
+msgstr "HEAD está ahora en"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:688 builtin/clone.c:691
+msgid "unable to update HEAD"
+msgstr "no es posible actualizar  HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:692
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Reiniciar rama '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:695
+#, c-format
+msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Ya en '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:699
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Rama reiniciada y cambiada a '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:701 builtin/checkout.c:1046
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Cambiado a nueva rama '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:703
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Cambiado a rama '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:754
+#, c-format
+msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
+msgstr " ... y %d más.\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:760
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commits behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Peligro: está saliendo %d commit atrás, no está conectado\n"
+"a ninguna rama:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Peligro: está saliendo %d commits atrás, no está conectado\n"
+"a ninguna rama:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to keep it by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Si quiere conservarlo creando una nueva rama, este es un buen momento\n"
+"para hacerlo:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <nuevo-nombre-de-rama> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Si quiere conservarlos creando una nueva rama, este es un buen momento\n"
+"para hacerlo:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <nombre-de-rama> %s\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:811
+msgid "internal error in revision walk"
+msgstr "error interno en camino de revisión"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:815
+msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
+msgstr "La posición previa de HEAD era"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:843 builtin/checkout.c:1041
+msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr "Estás en una rama por nacer"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:947
+#, c-format
+msgid "only one reference expected, %d given."
+msgstr "solo una referencia esperada, %d entregadas."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:987 builtin/worktree.c:240 builtin/worktree.c:389
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid reference: %s"
+msgstr "referencia invalida: %s"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
+msgstr "la referencia no es n árbol: %s"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1055
+msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr "rutas no pueden ser usadas con cambios de rama"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1058 builtin/checkout.c:1062
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr "'%s' no puede ser usado con cambios de ramas"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1066 builtin/checkout.c:1069 builtin/checkout.c:1074
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1077
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' no puede ser usado con '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1082
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
+msgstr "No se puede cambiar rama a un '%s' sin commits"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1114 builtin/checkout.c:1116 builtin/clone.c:118
+#: builtin/remote.c:167 builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/worktree.c:433
+#: builtin/worktree.c:435
+msgid "branch"
+msgstr "rama"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1115
+msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
+msgstr "crear y hacer checkout a una nueva rama"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1117
+msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
+msgstr "crear/reiniciar y hacer checkout a una rama"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1118
+msgid "create reflog for new branch"
+msgstr "crear un reflog para una nueva rama"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1119 builtin/worktree.c:437
+msgid "detach HEAD at named commit"
+msgstr "desacoplar HEAD en el commit nombrado"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1120
+msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
+msgstr "configurar info de upstream para una rama nueva"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
+msgid "new-branch"
+msgstr "nueva-rama"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
+msgid "new unparented branch"
+msgstr "nueva rama no emparentada"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1123
+msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
+msgstr "hacer checkout a  nuestra versión para archivos sin fusionar"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
+msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
+msgstr "hacer checkout a su versión para los archivos sin fusionar"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1127
+msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
+msgstr "forzar el checkout (descartar modificaciones locales)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1129
+msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
+msgstr "realizar una fusión de tres vías con la rama nueva"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1131 builtin/merge.c:241
+msgid "update ignored files (default)"
+msgstr "actualizar archivos ignorados (default)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1133 builtin/log.c:1499 parse-options.h:264
+msgid "style"
+msgstr "estilo"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1134
+msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
+msgstr "conflicto de estilos (merge o diff3)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1137
+msgid "do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only"
+msgstr "no limitar pathspecs a dispersar entradas solamente"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1139
+msgid "second guess 'git checkout <no-such-branch>'"
+msgstr "segunda opción 'git checkout <no-hay-tal-rama>'"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1141
+msgid "do not check if another worktree is holding the given ref"
+msgstr "no revise si otro árbol de trabajo contiene la ref entregada"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1145 builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/fetch.c:149
+#: builtin/merge.c:238 builtin/pull.c:128 builtin/push.c:572
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:174
+msgid "force progress reporting"
+msgstr "forzar el reporte de progreso"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1175
+msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-b, -B y --orphan son mutuamente exclusivas"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1192
+msgid "--track needs a branch name"
+msgstr "--track necesita el nombre de una rama"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1197
+msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
+msgstr "Falta nombre de rama; prueba -b"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1233
+msgid "invalid path specification"
+msgstr "especificación de ruta invalida"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1240
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit and a branch '%s' cannot be created from it"
+msgstr "'%s' no es un commit y una rama '%s' no puede ser creada desde este"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1244
+#, c-format
+msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
+msgstr "git checkout: --detach no toma un argumento de ruta '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1248
+msgid ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
+"checking out of the index."
+msgstr ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force y --merge son incompatibles cuando\n"
+"se revisa fuera del índice."
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:26
+msgid ""
+"git clean [-d] [-f] [-i] [-n] [-q] [-e <pattern>] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr ""
+"git clean [-d] [-f] [-i] [-n] [-q] [-e <patrón>] [-x | -X] [--] <rutas>..."
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:30
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr "Borrando %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:31
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would remove %s\n"
+msgstr "Sera borrado %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:32
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping repository %s\n"
+msgstr "Saltando repositorio %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:33
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would skip repository %s\n"
+msgstr "Se saltara repositorio %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:34
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove %s"
+msgstr "falló al borrar %s"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:302 git-add--interactive.perl:579
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Prompt help:\n"
+"1          - select a numbered item\n"
+"foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
+"           - (empty) select nothing\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ayuda rápida:\n"
+"1          - selecciona un objeto por numero\n"
+"foo        - selecciona un objeto basado en un prefijo único\n"
+"           - (vacío) no elegir nada\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:306 git-add--interactive.perl:588
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Prompt help:\n"
+"1          - select a single item\n"
+"3-5        - select a range of items\n"
+"2-3,6-9    - select multiple ranges\n"
+"foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
+"-...       - unselect specified items\n"
+"*          - choose all items\n"
+"           - (empty) finish selecting\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ayuda rápida:\n"
+"1          - selecciona un objeto único\n"
+"3-5        - selecciona un rango de objetos\n"
+"2-3,6-9    - selecciona múltiples rangos\n"
+"foo        - selecciona un objeto basado en un prefijo único\n"
+"-...       - de-seleccionar objetos especificados\n"
+"*          - escoger todos los objetos\n"
+"           - (vacío) terminar selección\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:522 git-add--interactive.perl:554
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:559
+#, c-format, perl-format
+msgid "Huh (%s)?\n"
+msgstr "Ahh (%s)?\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:664
+#, c-format
+msgid "Input ignore patterns>> "
+msgstr "Input ignora los patrones >> "
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:701
+#, c-format
+msgid "WARNING: Cannot find items matched by: %s"
+msgstr "PELIGRO: No se puede encontrar objetos que concuerden con: %s"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:722
+msgid "Select items to delete"
+msgstr "Seleccionar objetos para borrar"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to keep [y/N] as is
+#: builtin/clean.c:763
+#, c-format
+msgid "Remove %s [y/N]? "
+msgstr "Borrar %s [y/N]? "
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:788 git-add--interactive.perl:1717
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bye.\n"
+msgstr "Adiós.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:796
+msgid ""
+"clean               - start cleaning\n"
+"filter by pattern   - exclude items from deletion\n"
+"select by numbers   - select items to be deleted by numbers\n"
+"ask each            - confirm each deletion (like \"rm -i\")\n"
+"quit                - stop cleaning\n"
+"help                - this screen\n"
+"?                   - help for prompt selection"
+msgstr ""
+"clean               - comenzar la limpieza\n"
+"filtrar por patrón   - excluye objetos del borrado \n"
+"elegir por números   - selecciona objetos a ser borrados por numero\n"
+"preguntar cada uno     - confirmar cada borrado (como \"rm -i\")\n"
+"quit                - parar limpieza\n"
+"help                - esta ventana\n"
+"?                   - ayuda para selección de opciones"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:823 git-add--interactive.perl:1793
+msgid "*** Commands ***"
+msgstr "*** Comandos ***"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:824 git-add--interactive.perl:1790
+msgid "What now"
+msgstr "Ahora que"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:832
+msgid "Would remove the following item:"
+msgid_plural "Would remove the following items:"
+msgstr[0] "Se removerá el siguiente objeto:"
+msgstr[1] "Se removerán los siguientes objetos:"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:848
+msgid "No more files to clean, exiting."
+msgstr "No hay mas archivos para limpiar, saliendo."
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:910
+msgid "do not print names of files removed"
+msgstr "no imprimir nombres de archivos borrados"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:912
+msgid "force"
+msgstr "forzar"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:913
+msgid "interactive cleaning"
+msgstr "limpieza interactiva"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:915
+msgid "remove whole directories"
+msgstr "borrar directorios completos"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:916 builtin/describe.c:533 builtin/describe.c:535
+#: builtin/grep.c:871 builtin/log.c:157 builtin/log.c:159
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:548 builtin/name-rev.c:397 builtin/name-rev.c:399
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
+msgid "pattern"
+msgstr "patrón"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:917
+msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
+msgstr "agregar <patrón> para ignorar reglas"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:918
+msgid "remove ignored files, too"
+msgstr "borrar archivos ignorados, también"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:920
+msgid "remove only ignored files"
+msgstr "borrar solo archivos ignorados"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:938
+msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
+msgstr "-x y -X no pueden ser usadas juntas"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:942
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce set to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; refusing to "
+"clean"
+msgstr ""
+"clean.requireForce configurado como true y ninguno -i, -n, ni -f entregados; "
+"rehusando el clean"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:945
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; "
+"refusing to clean"
+msgstr ""
+"clean.requireForce default en true y ninguno -i, -n, ni -f entregados; "
+"rehusando el clean"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:42
+msgid "git clone [<options>] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+msgstr "git clone [<opciones>] [--] <repo> [<directorio>]"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:87
+msgid "don't create a checkout"
+msgstr "no crear checkout"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/clone.c:90 builtin/init-db.c:479
+msgid "create a bare repository"
+msgstr "crear un repositorio vacío"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:92
+msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
+msgstr "crear un repositorio espejo (implica vacío)"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:94
+msgid "to clone from a local repository"
+msgstr "clonar de un repositorio local"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:96
+msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
+msgstr "no usar hardlinks, siempre copiar"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:98
+msgid "setup as shared repository"
+msgstr "configurar como repositorio compartido"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/clone.c:104
+msgid "pathspec"
+msgstr "pathspec"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/clone.c:104
+msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
+msgstr "inicializar submódulos en el clonado"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:107
+msgid "number of submodules cloned in parallel"
+msgstr "numero de submódulos clonados en paralelo"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:108 builtin/init-db.c:476
+msgid "template-directory"
+msgstr "directorio-template"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:109 builtin/init-db.c:477
+msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
+msgstr "directorio del cual los templates serán usados"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:111 builtin/clone.c:113 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1223
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1594
+msgid "reference repository"
+msgstr "repositorio de referencia"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:115 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1225
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1596
+msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
+msgstr "usa--reference  solamente si estas clonado"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:116 builtin/column.c:27 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3166 builtin/repack.c:213
+msgid "name"
+msgstr "nombre"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:117
+msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
+msgstr "use <nombre> en lugar de 'origin' para rastrear upstream"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:119
+msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
+msgstr "checkout <rama> en lugar de HEAD remota"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:121
+msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
+msgstr "ruta para git-upload-pack en el remoto"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:122 builtin/fetch.c:150 builtin/grep.c:813
+#: builtin/pull.c:216
+msgid "depth"
+msgstr "profundidad"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:123
+msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
+msgstr "crear un clon superficial para esa profundidad"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:124 builtin/fetch.c:152 builtin/pack-objects.c:3157
+#: parse-options.h:154
+msgid "time"
+msgstr "tiempo"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:125
+msgid "create a shallow clone since a specific time"
+msgstr "crear un clon superficial desde el tiempo específico"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:126 builtin/fetch.c:154
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "revision"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:127 builtin/fetch.c:155
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone, excluding rev"
+msgstr "ahondando historia de clon superficial, excluyendo rev"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:129
+msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
+msgstr "clonar solo una rama,HEAD o --branch"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:131
+msgid "don't clone any tags, and make later fetches not to follow them"
+msgstr "no clonar ningún tag, y hacer que los subsiguientes fetch no los sigan"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:133
+msgid "any cloned submodules will be shallow"
+msgstr "cualquier submódulo clonado será superficial"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:134 builtin/init-db.c:485
+msgid "gitdir"
+msgstr "gitdir"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:135 builtin/init-db.c:486
+msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
+msgstr "separa git dir del árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:136
+msgid "key=value"
+msgstr "llave=valor"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:137
+msgid "set config inside the new repository"
+msgstr "configurar config dentro del nuevo repositorio"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:138 builtin/fetch.c:173 builtin/pull.c:229
+#: builtin/push.c:583
+msgid "use IPv4 addresses only"
+msgstr "solo usar direcciones IPv4"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:140 builtin/fetch.c:175 builtin/pull.c:232
+#: builtin/push.c:585
+msgid "use IPv6 addresses only"
+msgstr "solo usar direcciones IPv6"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:278
+msgid ""
+"No directory name could be guessed.\n"
+"Please specify a directory on the command line"
+msgstr ""
+"No se pudo adivinar ningún nombre de directorio.\n"
+"Por favor especifique un directorio en la línea de comando"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:331
+#, c-format
+msgid "info: Could not add alternate for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "info: No se pudo agregar un alterno para '%s': %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:403
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al abrir '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:411
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
+msgstr "%s existe pero no es un directorio"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:425
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
+msgstr "falló al analizar %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:447
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al crear link '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:451
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al copiar archivo a '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:477
+#, c-format
+msgid "done.\n"
+msgstr "hecho.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:491
+msgid ""
+"Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
+"You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
+"and retry the checkout with 'git checkout -f HEAD'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Clonado exitoso, pero falló el checkout.\n"
+"Puede inspeccionar a qué se hizo checkout con 'git status'\n"
+"y volver a intentarlo con 'git checkout -f HEAD'\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:568
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
+msgstr "No se pudo encontrar la rama remota %s para clonar."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:663
+msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
+msgstr "remoto no mando todos los objetos necesarios"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:679
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to update %s"
+msgstr "incapaz de actualizar %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:728
+msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"remoto HEAD refiere a un ref inexistente, no se puede hacer checkout.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:758
+msgid "unable to checkout working tree"
+msgstr "no es posible realizar checkout en el árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:803
+msgid "unable to write parameters to config file"
+msgstr "no es posible escribir parámetros al archivo config"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:866
+msgid "cannot repack to clean up"
+msgstr "no se puede reempaquetar para limpiar"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:868
+msgid "cannot unlink temporary alternates file"
+msgstr "no se puede desvincular archivos alternos temporales"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:907 builtin/receive-pack.c:1947
+msgid "Too many arguments."
+msgstr "Muchos argumentos."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:911
+msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
+msgstr "Tienes que especificar un repositorio para clonar."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:924
+#, c-format
+msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
+msgstr "Las opciones --bare y --origin %s son incompatibles."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:927
+msgid "--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."
+msgstr "--bare y --separate-git-dir son incompatibles."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:940
+#, c-format
+msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "repositorio '%s' no existe"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:946 builtin/fetch.c:1460
+#, c-format
+msgid "depth %s is not a positive number"
+msgstr "profundidad %s no es un numero positivo"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
+msgstr "la ruta de destino '%s' ya existe y no es un directorio vacío."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:966
+#, c-format
+msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "directorio de trabajo '%s' ya existe."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:981 builtin/clone.c:1002 builtin/difftool.c:270
+#: builtin/worktree.c:246 builtin/worktree.c:276
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo crear directorios principales de '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:986
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo crear un árbol de trabajo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1006
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "Clonando en un repositorio vacío '%s'...\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1008
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "Clonando en '%s'...\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1032
+msgid ""
+"clone --recursive is not compatible with both --reference and --reference-if-"
+"able"
+msgstr ""
+"clone --recursive no es compatible con --reference y --reference-if-able al "
+"mismo tiempo"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1093
+msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--depth es ignorada en clonaciones locales; usa file:// más bien."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1095
+msgid "--shallow-since is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--shallow-since es ignorado en el clon local; use file:// ."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1097
+msgid "--shallow-exclude is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--shallow-exclude es ignorado en clones locales; use file://."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1099
+msgid "--filter is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--filter es ignorado en clones locales; usa file:// en su lugar."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1102
+msgid "source repository is shallow, ignoring --local"
+msgstr "repositorio fuente es superficial, ignorando --local"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1107
+msgid "--local is ignored"
+msgstr "--local es ignorado"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1169 builtin/clone.c:1177
+#, c-format
+msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
+msgstr "Rama remota %s no encontrada en upstream %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1180
+msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
+msgstr "Pareces haber clonado un repositorio sin contenido."
+
+#: builtin/column.c:10
+msgid "git column [<options>]"
+msgstr "git column [<opciones>]"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:27
+msgid "lookup config vars"
+msgstr "revisa las variables de configuraciones"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:28 builtin/column.c:29
+msgid "layout to use"
+msgstr "capa a usar"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:30
+msgid "Maximum width"
+msgstr "Ancho máximo"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:31
+msgid "Padding space on left border"
+msgstr "Realizando padding en el borde izquierdo"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:32
+msgid "Padding space on right border"
+msgstr "Realizando padding en el borde derecho"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:33
+msgid "Padding space between columns"
+msgstr "Realizando padding entre columnas"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:51
+msgid "--command must be the first argument"
+msgstr "--command debe ser el primer argumento"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:37
+msgid "git commit [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git commit [<opciones>] [--] <especificación-de-ruta>..."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:42
+msgid "git status [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git status [<opciones>] [--] <especificación-de-ruta>..."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:47
+msgid ""
+"You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
+"it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
+"remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Has solicitado un amend en tu commit mas reciente, pero hacerlo lo \n"
+"vaciaría. Puedes repetir el comando con --alow-empty, o puedes remover \n"
+"el commit completamente con \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:52
+msgid ""
+"The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
+"If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"El cherry-pick anterior ahora esta vacío, posiblemente por un conflicto de "
+"resolución.\n"
+"Si desea realizar un commit de todas maneras, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:59
+msgid "Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
+msgstr "Caso contrario, por favor usa 'git reset'\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:62
+msgid ""
+"If you wish to skip this commit, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git reset\n"
+"\n"
+"Then \"git cherry-pick --continue\" will resume cherry-picking\n"
+"the remaining commits.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Si quiere saltar este commit, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git reset\n"
+"\n"
+"Luego \"git cherry-pick --continue\" continuara el cherry-picking\n"
+"para los commits restantes.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:293
+msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
+msgstr "falló al desempaquetar objeto del árbol HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:334
+msgid "unable to create temporary index"
+msgstr "no es posible crear un índice temporal"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:340
+msgid "interactive add failed"
+msgstr "adición interactiva fallida"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:353
+msgid "unable to update temporary index"
+msgstr "no es posible actualizar el índice temporal"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:355
+msgid "Failed to update main cache tree"
+msgstr "Falló al actualizar el cache principal del árbol"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:380 builtin/commit.c:403 builtin/commit.c:449
+msgid "unable to write new_index file"
+msgstr "no es posible escribir archivo new_index"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:432
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
+msgstr "no se puede realizar un commit parcial durante una fusión."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:434
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr "no se puede realizar un commit parcial durante un cherry-pick."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:442
+msgid "cannot read the index"
+msgstr "no se puede leer el índice"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:461
+msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
+msgstr "no es posible escribir el índice temporal"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:558
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit '%s' lacks author header"
+msgstr "commit '%s' requiere cabecera de autor"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:560
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit '%s' has malformed author line"
+msgstr "el commit '%s' tiene una línea de autor mal formada"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:579
+msgid "malformed --author parameter"
+msgstr "parámetro --author mal formado"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:631
+msgid ""
+"unable to select a comment character that is not used\n"
+"in the current commit message"
+msgstr ""
+"no es posible seleccionar un carácter de comentario que no es usado\n"
+"en el mensaje de commit actual"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:668 builtin/commit.c:701 builtin/commit.c:1029
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo revisar el commit %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:680 builtin/shortlog.c:316
+#, c-format
+msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
+msgstr "(leyendo mensajes de logs desde standard input)\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:682
+msgid "could not read log from standard input"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer log desde standard input"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:686
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer el log '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:715 builtin/commit.c:723
+msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:720
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer MERGE_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:774
+msgid "could not write commit template"
+msgstr "no se pudo escribir el template del commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:792
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a merge.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Parece que estas haciendo un commit con una fusión dentro.\n"
+"Si esto no es correcto, por favor remueve el archivo\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"y vuelve a intentar.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:797
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a cherry-pick.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Parece que puede estar haciendo un commit a un cherry-pick.\n"
+"Si esto no es correcto, por favor elimine el archivo\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"y vuelva a intentar.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:810
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Por favor ingrese el mensaje del commit para sus cambios. Las líneas que "
+"comiencen\n"
+"con '%c' serán ignoradas, y un mensaje vacío aborta el commit.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:818
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Por favor ingrese el mensaje del commit para sus cambios. Las líneas que "
+"comiencen\n"
+"con '%c' serán guardadas; puede removerlas usted mismo si desea.\n"
+"Un mensaje vacío aborta el commit.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:835
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sAuthor:    %.*s <%.*s>"
+msgstr "%sAutor:     %.*s <%.*s>"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:843
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sDate:      %s"
+msgstr "%sFecha:     %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:850
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sCommitter: %.*s <%.*s>"
+msgstr "%sCommitter: %.*s <%.*s>"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:867
+msgid "Cannot read index"
+msgstr "No se puede leer el índice"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:933
+msgid "Error building trees"
+msgstr "Error al construir los árboles"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:947 builtin/tag.c:257
+#, c-format
+msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
+msgstr "Por favor suministra el mensaje usando las opciones -m o -F.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "--author '%s' is not 'Name <email>' and matches no existing author"
+msgstr ""
+"--author '%s' no está en el formato 'Name <email>' y no concuerda con ningún "
+"autor existente"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1005
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid ignored mode '%s'"
+msgstr "Modo ignorado inválido '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1019 builtin/commit.c:1269
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
+msgstr "Modo inválido de los archivos no rastreados '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1057
+msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
+msgstr "--long y -z son incompatibles"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1090
+msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
+msgstr "Usar ambos --reset-author y --author no tiene sentido"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1099
+msgid "You have nothing to amend."
+msgstr "No tienes nada que enmendar."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1102
+msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
+msgstr "Estás en medio de una fusión -- no puedes enmendar."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1104
+msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
+msgstr "Está en medio de un cherry-pick -- no se puede enmendar."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1107
+msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
+msgstr "Opciones --squash y --fixup no pueden ser usadas juntas"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1117
+msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
+msgstr "Solo uno de -c/-C/-F/--fixup puede ser usado."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1119
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F."
+msgstr "La opción -m no puede ser combinada con -c/-C/-F."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1127
+msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
+msgstr "--reset-author sólo puede ser usada con -C, -c o --amend."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1144
+msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
+msgstr ""
+"Solo uno de --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch puede ser usado."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1146
+msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
+msgstr "No hay rutas con --include/--only no tiene sentido."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1160 builtin/tag.c:543
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
+msgstr "Modo cleanup invalido %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1165
+msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
+msgstr "Rutas con -a no tiene sentido."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1303 builtin/commit.c:1480
+msgid "show status concisely"
+msgstr "mostrar status de manera concisa"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1305 builtin/commit.c:1482
+msgid "show branch information"
+msgstr "mostrar información de la rama"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1307
+msgid "show stash information"
+msgstr "mostrar información del stash"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1309 builtin/commit.c:1484
+msgid "compute full ahead/behind values"
+msgstr "calcular todos los valores delante/atrás"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1311
+msgid "version"
+msgstr "version"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1311 builtin/commit.c:1486 builtin/push.c:558
+#: builtin/worktree.c:581
+msgid "machine-readable output"
+msgstr "output formato-maquina"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1314 builtin/commit.c:1488
+msgid "show status in long format (default)"
+msgstr "mostrar status en formato largo (default)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1317 builtin/commit.c:1491
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
+msgstr "terminar entradas con NUL"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1319 builtin/commit.c:1323 builtin/commit.c:1494
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1001 builtin/fast-export.c:1004 builtin/tag.c:397
+msgid "mode"
+msgstr "modo"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1320 builtin/commit.c:1494
+msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
+msgstr ""
+"mostrar archivos sin seguimiento, modos opcionales: all, normal, no. "
+"(Predeterminado: all)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1324
+msgid ""
+"show ignored files, optional modes: traditional, matching, no. (Default: "
+"traditional)"
+msgstr ""
+"mostrar archivos ignorados, modos opcionales: traditional, matching, no. "
+"(Predeterminado: traditional)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1326 parse-options.h:167
+msgid "when"
+msgstr "cuando"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1327
+msgid ""
+"ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
+"(Default: all)"
+msgstr ""
+"ignorar cambios en submódulos, opcional cuando: all,dirty,untracked. "
+"(Default: all)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1329
+msgid "list untracked files in columns"
+msgstr "listar en columnas los archivos sin seguimiento"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1330
+msgid "do not detect renames"
+msgstr "no detectar renombrados"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1332
+msgid "detect renames, optionally set similarity index"
+msgstr "detectar renombres, opcionalmente configurar similaridad de índice"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1352
+msgid "Unsupported combination of ignored and untracked-files arguments"
+msgstr ""
+"Combinación de argumentos de archivos ignorados y no rastreados no soportada"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1450
+msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
+msgstr "suprime summary tras un commit exitoso"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1451
+msgid "show diff in commit message template"
+msgstr "mostrar diff en el template del mensaje de commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1453
+msgid "Commit message options"
+msgstr "Opciones para el mensaje del commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1454 builtin/tag.c:394
+msgid "read message from file"
+msgstr "leer mensaje desde un archivo"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
+msgid "author"
+msgstr "autor"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
+msgid "override author for commit"
+msgstr "sobrescribe el autor del commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456 builtin/gc.c:501
+msgid "date"
+msgstr "fecha"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456
+msgid "override date for commit"
+msgstr "sobrescribe la fecha del commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1457 builtin/merge.c:228 builtin/notes.c:402
+#: builtin/notes.c:565 builtin/tag.c:392
+msgid "message"
+msgstr "mensaje"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1457
+msgid "commit message"
+msgstr "mensaje del commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1458 builtin/commit.c:1459 builtin/commit.c:1460
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461 parse-options.h:270 ref-filter.h:92
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "confirmar"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1458
+msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
+msgstr "reusar y editar el mensaje de un commit especifico"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1459
+msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
+msgstr "reusar el mensaje de un commit especifico"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1460
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
+msgstr ""
+"usar mensaje de formato autosquash para arreglar el commit especificado"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
+msgstr ""
+"usar el mensaje de formato autosquash para realizar squash  al commit "
+"especificado"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1462
+msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
+msgstr "el autor del commit soy yo ahora (usado con -C/-c/--amend)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1463 builtin/log.c:1446 builtin/merge.c:242
+#: builtin/pull.c:154 builtin/revert.c:105
+msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
+msgstr "agregar Signed-off-by: (firmado por)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1464
+msgid "use specified template file"
+msgstr "usar archivo de template especificado"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1465
+msgid "force edit of commit"
+msgstr "forzar la edición del commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466
+msgid "default"
+msgstr "default"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466 builtin/tag.c:398
+msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
+msgstr "cómo quitar espacios y #comentarios de mensajes"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1467
+msgid "include status in commit message template"
+msgstr "incluir status en el template del mensaje de commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1469 builtin/merge.c:240 builtin/pull.c:184
+#: builtin/revert.c:113
+msgid "GPG sign commit"
+msgstr "Firmar commit con GPG"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1472
+msgid "Commit contents options"
+msgstr "Opciones para el contenido del commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1473
+msgid "commit all changed files"
+msgstr "confirmar todos los archivos cambiados"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1474
+msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
+msgstr "agregar archivos específicos al índice para confirmar"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1475
+msgid "interactively add files"
+msgstr "agregar archivos interactivamente"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1476
+msgid "interactively add changes"
+msgstr "agregar cambios interactivamente"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1477
+msgid "commit only specified files"
+msgstr "sólo confirmar archivos específicos"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1478
+msgid "bypass pre-commit and commit-msg hooks"
+msgstr "evitar los capturadores (hooks) de pre-commit y commit-msg"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1479
+msgid "show what would be committed"
+msgstr "mostrar lo que sería incluido en el commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1492
+msgid "amend previous commit"
+msgstr "enmendar commit previo"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1493
+msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
+msgstr "gancho bypass post reescritura"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1498
+msgid "ok to record an empty change"
+msgstr "ok al grabar un cambio vacío"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1500
+msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
+msgstr "ok al grabar un cambio con un mensaje vacío"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1573
+#, c-format
+msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
+msgstr "Archivo MERGE_HEAD (%s) corrupto"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1580
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer MERGE_MODE"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1599
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer el mensaje de commit: %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1610
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
+msgstr "Abortando commit debido que el mensaje está en blanco.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1615
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
+msgstr "Abortando commit; no se ha editado el mensaje\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1650
+msgid ""
+"Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+"new_index file. Check that disk is not full and quota is\n"
+"not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
+msgstr ""
+"El repositorio ha sido actualizado, pero no se pudo escribir el archivo\n"
+"new_index. Verifique que el disco no este lleno y la quota no ha\n"
+"sido superada, y luego \"git reset HEAD\" para recuperar."
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:9
+msgid "git commit-graph [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+msgstr "git commit-graph [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:10 builtin/commit-graph.c:16
+msgid "git commit-graph read [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+msgstr "git commit-graph read [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:11 builtin/commit-graph.c:21
+msgid ""
+"git commit-graph write [--object-dir <objdir>] [--append] [--stdin-packs|--"
+"stdin-commits]"
+msgstr ""
+"git commit-graph write [--object-dir <objdir>] [--append] [--stdin-packs|--"
+"stdin-commits]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:39 builtin/commit-graph.c:92
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:147 builtin/fetch.c:161 builtin/log.c:1466
+msgid "dir"
+msgstr "dir"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:40 builtin/commit-graph.c:93
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:148
+msgid "The object directory to store the graph"
+msgstr "El directorio de objetos para guardar el gráfico"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:95
+msgid "scan pack-indexes listed by stdin for commits"
+msgstr "escanear paquete de índices por stdin por commits"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:97
+msgid "start walk at commits listed by stdin"
+msgstr "comenzar a caminar a los commits listados por stdin"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:99
+msgid "include all commits already in the commit-graph file"
+msgstr "inclye todos los commits que ya están en el archivo commit-graph"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:108
+msgid "cannot use both --stdin-commits and --stdin-packs"
+msgstr "no se pueden usar ambos --stdin-commits y --stdin-packs"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:10
+msgid "git config [<options>]"
+msgstr "git config [<opciones>]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:101
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized --type argument, %s"
+msgstr "argumento --type no reconocido, %s"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:123
+msgid "Config file location"
+msgstr "Ubicación del archivo configuración"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:124
+msgid "use global config file"
+msgstr "usar archivo de config global"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:125
+msgid "use system config file"
+msgstr "usar archivo de config del sistema"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:126
+msgid "use repository config file"
+msgstr "usar archivo de config del repositorio"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:127
+msgid "use given config file"
+msgstr "usar archivo config especificado"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:128
+msgid "blob-id"
+msgstr "blob-id"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:128
+msgid "read config from given blob object"
+msgstr "leer config del objeto blob suministrado"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:129
+msgid "Action"
+msgstr "Acción"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:130
+msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "obtener valor: nombre [valor-regex]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:131
+msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
+msgstr "obtener todos los valores: llave [valores-regex]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:132
+msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
+msgstr "obtener valores para una regexp: nombre-regex [valor-regex]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:133
+msgid "get value specific for the URL: section[.var] URL"
+msgstr "obtener valor especifico para el URL: sección[.var] URL"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:134
+msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
+msgstr ""
+"remplazar todas las variables que concuerden: nombre valor [valor_regex]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:135
+msgid "add a new variable: name value"
+msgstr "agregar nueva variable: nombre valor"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:136
+msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "borrar una variable. nombre [valor-regex]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:137
+msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "borrar todas las concurrencias: nombre [valor-regex]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:138
+msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
+msgstr "renombrar sección: nombre-viejo nombre-nuevo"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:139
+msgid "remove a section: name"
+msgstr "borrar una sección: nombre"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:140
+msgid "list all"
+msgstr "listar todo"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:141
+msgid "open an editor"
+msgstr "abrir el editor"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:142
+msgid "find the color configured: slot [default]"
+msgstr "encontrar el color configurado: slot [default]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:143
+msgid "find the color setting: slot [stdout-is-tty]"
+msgstr "encontrar las opciones del color: slot [stdout-es-tty]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:144
+msgid "Type"
+msgstr "Tipo"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:145
+msgid "value is given this type"
+msgstr "al valor se ha dado este tipo"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:146
+msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
+msgstr "valor es \"true\" o \"false\""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:147
+msgid "value is decimal number"
+msgstr "valor es un numero decimal"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:148
+msgid "value is --bool or --int"
+msgstr "valor es --bool o --int"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:149
+msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
+msgstr "valor es una ruta (archivo o nombre de directorio)"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:150
+msgid "value is an expiry date"
+msgstr "valor es una fecha de expiración"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:151
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Otro"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:152
+msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
+msgstr "terminar valores con un byte NULL"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:153
+msgid "show variable names only"
+msgstr "mostrar solo nombres de variables"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:154
+msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
+msgstr "respetar directivas include en la búsqueda"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:155
+msgid "show origin of config (file, standard input, blob, command line)"
+msgstr "mostrar el origen de configuración (archivo, stdin, blob, comando)"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:156
+msgid "value"
+msgstr "valor"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:156
+msgid "with --get, use default value when missing entry"
+msgstr "con --get, usa el valor por defecto cuando falta una entrada"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:332
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to format default config value: %s"
+msgstr "falló al formatear el valor por defecto de configuración: %s"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:431
+msgid "unable to parse default color value"
+msgstr "no es posible analizar el valor por defecto de color"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:575
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"# This is Git's per-user configuration file.\n"
+"[user]\n"
+"# Please adapt and uncomment the following lines:\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
+"#\temail = %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"# Este es el archivo de configuración de Git por usuario.\n"
+"[user]\n"
+"# Por favor, adapta y descomenta las siguientes líneas:\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
+"#\temail = %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:603
+msgid "--local can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr "--local solo puedo ser usado dentro de un repositorio"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:606
+msgid "--blob can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr "--blob solo puede ser usado dentro de un repositorio"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:735
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot create configuration file %s"
+msgstr "no se puede crear el archivo de configuración %s"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:748
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"cannot overwrite multiple values with a single value\n"
+"       Use a regexp, --add or --replace-all to change %s."
+msgstr ""
+"no se puede sobrescribir múltiples valores con un único valor\n"
+"\tUse una regexp, --add o --replace-all para cambiar %s."
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:90
+msgid "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
+msgstr "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:100
+msgid "print sizes in human readable format"
+msgstr "mostrar tamaños en formato legible para humano"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:22
+msgid "git describe [<options>] [<commit-ish>...]"
+msgstr "git describe [<opciones>] [<commit-ish>...]"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:23
+msgid "git describe [<options>] --dirty"
+msgstr "git describe [<opciones>] --dirty"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "head"
+msgstr "head"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "lightweight"
+msgstr "ligero"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "annotated"
+msgstr "anotado"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
+msgstr "tag anotado %s no disponible"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:271
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
+msgstr "tag anotado %s no tiene nombre embebido"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
+msgstr "tag '%s' es realmente '%s' aquí"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:317
+#, c-format
+msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
+msgstr "no hay tag que concuerde exactamente con '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:319
+#, c-format
+msgid "No exact match on refs or tags, searching to describe\n"
+msgstr "No hay coincidencia exacta en refs o tags, buscando en describe\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:366
+#, c-format
+msgid "finished search at %s\n"
+msgstr "búsqueda finalizada a las %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:392
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
+msgstr ""
+"No hay tags anotados que puedan describir '%s'.\n"
+"Sin embargo, hubieron tags no anotados: intente --tags."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:396
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"Try --always, or create some tags."
+msgstr ""
+"Ningún tag puede describit '%s'.\n"
+"Intente --always, o cree algunos tags."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:426
+#, c-format
+msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
+msgstr "%lu commits cruzados\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:429
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
+"gave up search at %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"se encontró más de %i tags; se mostró %i más reciente\n"
+"fin de la búsqueda en %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:497
+#, c-format
+msgid "describe %s\n"
+msgstr "describe %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:500 builtin/log.c:502
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr "Nombre de objeto %s no válido"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:508
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is neither a commit nor blob"
+msgstr "%s no es un commit ni un blob"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:522
+msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
+msgstr "encontrar el tag que viene después del commit"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:523
+msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
+msgstr "hacer debug a la estrategia de búsqueda en stderr"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:524
+msgid "use any ref"
+msgstr "use cualquier ref"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:525
+msgid "use any tag, even unannotated"
+msgstr "use cualquier tag, incluso los no anotados"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:526
+msgid "always use long format"
+msgstr "siempre usar formato largo"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:527
+msgid "only follow first parent"
+msgstr "solo seguir el primer patrón"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:530
+msgid "only output exact matches"
+msgstr "solo mostrar concordancias exactas"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:532
+msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
+msgstr "considerar <n> tags más recientes (default:10)"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:534
+msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "solo considerar tags que concuerden con <patrón>"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:536
+msgid "do not consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "no considerar tags que concuerden con <patrón>"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:538 builtin/name-rev.c:406
+msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
+msgstr "mostrar el objeto commit abreviado como fallback"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:539 builtin/describe.c:542
+msgid "mark"
+msgstr "marca"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:540
+msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
+msgstr "adjuntar <marca> en el árbol de trabajo sucio (default: \"-dirty\")"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:543
+msgid "append <mark> on broken working tree (default: \"-broken\")"
+msgstr "adjuntar <marca> en un árbol de trabajo roto (default: \"-broken\")"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:561
+msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
+msgstr "--long es incompatible con --abbrev=0"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:590
+msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
+msgstr "No se encontraron nombres, no se puede describir nada."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:640
+msgid "--dirty is incompatible with commit-ishes"
+msgstr "--dirty es incompatible con commit-ismos"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:642
+msgid "--broken is incompatible with commit-ishes"
+msgstr "--broken es incompatible con commit-ismos"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
+msgstr "'%s': no es un archivo regular o un enlace simbólico"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid option: %s"
+msgstr "opción inválida: %s"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:356
+msgid "Not a git repository"
+msgstr "No es un repositorio git"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:399
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
+msgstr "objeto '%s' entregado no es válido."
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:408
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
+msgstr "más de dos blobs entregados: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:413
+#, c-format
+msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
+msgstr "objeto no manejado '%s' entregado."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:29
+msgid "git difftool [<options>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git difftool [<opciones>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<ruta>...]"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:259
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed: %d"
+msgstr "falló: %d"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer el symlink %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink file %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer el archivo symlink %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:311
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read object %s for symlink %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer el objeto %s para el symlink %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:412
+msgid ""
+"combined diff formats('-c' and '--cc') are not supported in\n"
+"directory diff mode('-d' and '--dir-diff')."
+msgstr ""
+"formatos combinados de diff ('-c' y '--cc') no soportados en\n"
+"modo diff para directorio('-d' y '--dir-diff')."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "both files modified: '%s' and '%s'."
+msgstr "ambos archivos modificados: '%s' y '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:634
+msgid "working tree file has been left."
+msgstr "archivo del árbol de trabajo ha sido dejado."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:645
+#, c-format
+msgid "temporary files exist in '%s'."
+msgstr "archivo temporal existe en '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:646
+msgid "you may want to cleanup or recover these."
+msgstr "tal vez desee limpiar o recuperar estos."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:695
+msgid "use `diff.guitool` instead of `diff.tool`"
+msgstr "use `diff.guitool` en lugar de `diff.tool`"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:697
+msgid "perform a full-directory diff"
+msgstr "realizar un diff de todo el directorio"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:699
+msgid "do not prompt before launching a diff tool"
+msgstr "no mostrar antes de lanzar una herramienta de diff"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:704
+msgid "use symlinks in dir-diff mode"
+msgstr "usar enlaces simbólicos en modo dir-diff"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:705
+msgid "<tool>"
+msgstr "<herramienta>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:706
+msgid "use the specified diff tool"
+msgstr "usar la herramienta de diff especificada"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:708
+msgid "print a list of diff tools that may be used with `--tool`"
+msgstr ""
+"mostrar una lista de herramientas de diff que pueden ser usadas con `--tool`"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:711
+msgid ""
+"make 'git-difftool' exit when an invoked diff tool returns a non - zero exit "
+"code"
+msgstr ""
+"hacer que 'git-difftool' salga cuando una herramienta de diff retorne un "
+"código de salida distinto de cero"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:713
+msgid "<command>"
+msgstr "<comando>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:714
+msgid "specify a custom command for viewing diffs"
+msgstr "especificar un comando personalizado para ver diffs"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:738
+msgid "no <tool> given for --tool=<tool>"
+msgstr "no se ha proporcionado <herramienta> para --tool=<herramienta>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:745
+msgid "no <cmd> given for --extcmd=<cmd>"
+msgstr "no se ha entregado <comando> para --extcmd=<comando>"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:27
+msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
+msgstr "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1000
+msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
+msgstr "mostrar progreso después de <n> objetos"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1002
+msgid "select handling of signed tags"
+msgstr "seleccionar el manejo de tags firmados"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1005
+msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
+msgstr "seleccionar el manejo de tags que son tags de objetos filtrados"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1008
+msgid "Dump marks to this file"
+msgstr "Volcar marcas a este archivo"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1010
+msgid "Import marks from this file"
+msgstr "Importar marcas de este archivo"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1012
+msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
+msgstr "Falsificar un tagger cuando les falta uno"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1014
+msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
+msgstr "Mostrar todo el árbol para cada commit"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1016
+msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
+msgstr "Use el feature done para terminar el stream"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1017
+msgid "Skip output of blob data"
+msgstr "Saltar el output de data blob"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1018
+msgid "refspec"
+msgstr "refspec"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1019
+msgid "Apply refspec to exported refs"
+msgstr "Aplicar refspec para los refs exportados"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1020
+msgid "anonymize output"
+msgstr "anonimizar la salida"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:26
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git fetch [<opciones>] [<repositorio> [<refspec>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:27
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
+msgstr "git fetch [<opciones>] <grupo>"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:28
+msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
+msgstr "git fetch --multiple [<opciones>] [(<repositorio> | <grupo>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:29
+msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
+msgstr "git fetch --all [<opciones>]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:123 builtin/pull.c:193
+msgid "fetch from all remotes"
+msgstr "extraer de todos los remotos"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:125 builtin/pull.c:196
+msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
+msgstr "adjuntar a .git/FETCH_HEAD en lugar de sobrescribir"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:127 builtin/pull.c:199
+msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
+msgstr "ruta para cargar el paquete al final del remoto"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:128 builtin/pull.c:201
+msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
+msgstr "forzar sobrescritura de la rama local"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:130
+msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
+msgstr "extraer de múltiples remotos"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:132 builtin/pull.c:203
+msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
+msgstr "extraer todos los tags y objetos asociados"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:134
+msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
+msgstr "no extraer todos los tags (--no-tags)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:136
+msgid "number of submodules fetched in parallel"
+msgstr "número de submódulos extraídos en paralelo"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:138 builtin/pull.c:206
+msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
+msgstr "limpiar ramas remotas rastreadas que ya no están en el remoto"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:140
+msgid "prune local tags no longer on remote and clobber changed tags"
+msgstr ""
+"limpiar tags locales que no se encuentran en el remoto y eliminar tags "
+"cambiados"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:141 builtin/fetch.c:164 builtin/pull.c:131
+msgid "on-demand"
+msgstr "en demanda"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:142
+msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr "controlar extracción recursiva de submódulos"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:146 builtin/pull.c:214
+msgid "keep downloaded pack"
+msgstr "mantener el paquete descargado"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:148
+msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
+msgstr "permitir actualizar la ref HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:151 builtin/fetch.c:157 builtin/pull.c:217
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
+msgstr "historia profunda de un clon superficial"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:153
+msgid "deepen history of shallow repository based on time"
+msgstr "historia profunda de un repositorio superficial basado en tiempo"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:159 builtin/pull.c:220
+msgid "convert to a complete repository"
+msgstr "convertir a un repositorio completo"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:162
+msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
+msgstr "anteponer esto a salida de la ruta del submódulo"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:165
+msgid ""
+"default for recursive fetching of submodules (lower priority than config "
+"files)"
+msgstr ""
+"default para extracción recursiva de submódulos (menor prioridad que "
+"archivos de configuración)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:169 builtin/pull.c:223
+msgid "accept refs that update .git/shallow"
+msgstr "aceptar refs que actualicen .git/shallow"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:170 builtin/pull.c:225
+msgid "refmap"
+msgstr "refmap"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:171 builtin/pull.c:226
+msgid "specify fetch refmap"
+msgstr "especificar extracción de refmap"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/ls-remote.c:77 builtin/push.c:582
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:172
+msgid "server-specific"
+msgstr "especifico-de-servidor"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/ls-remote.c:77 builtin/push.c:582
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:173
+msgid "option to transmit"
+msgstr "opción para trasmitir"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:442
+msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
+msgstr "No se puedo encontrar ref remota HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:560
+#, c-format
+msgid "configuration fetch.output contains invalid value %s"
+msgstr "la configuración fetch.output contiene el valor inválido %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:653
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s not found"
+msgstr "objeto %s no encontrado"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:657
+msgid "[up to date]"
+msgstr "[actualizado]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:670 builtin/fetch.c:750
+msgid "[rejected]"
+msgstr "[rechazado]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:671
+msgid "can't fetch in current branch"
+msgstr "no se puede traer en la rama actual"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:680
+msgid "[tag update]"
+msgstr "[actualización de tag]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:681 builtin/fetch.c:714 builtin/fetch.c:730
+#: builtin/fetch.c:745
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr "no se posible actualizar el ref local"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:700
+msgid "[new tag]"
+msgstr "[nuevo tag]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:703
+msgid "[new branch]"
+msgstr "[nueva rama]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:706
+msgid "[new ref]"
+msgstr "[nueva referencia]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:745
+msgid "forced update"
+msgstr "actualización forzada"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:750
+msgid "non-fast-forward"
+msgstr "avance lento"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:795
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
+msgstr "%s no envió todos los objetos necesarios\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "reject %s because shallow roots are not allowed to be updated"
+msgstr "rechazado %s porque raíces superficiales no pueden ser actualizadas"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:903 builtin/fetch.c:999
+#, c-format
+msgid "From %.*s\n"
+msgstr "Desde %.*s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:914
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
+" 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting branches"
+msgstr ""
+"algunos refs locales no pudieron ser actualizados; intente ejecutar\n"
+" 'git remote prune %s' para remover cualquier rama vieja o conflictiva"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:969
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
+msgstr "   (%s se pondrá colgado)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:970
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
+msgstr "   (%s se ha colgado)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1002
+msgid "[deleted]"
+msgstr "[eliminado]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1003 builtin/remote.c:1033
+msgid "(none)"
+msgstr "(nada)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1026
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
+msgstr "Rehusando extraer en la rama actual %s de un repositorio no vacío"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1045
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
+msgstr "Opción \"%s\" valor \"%s\" no es válido para %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1048
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
+msgstr "Opción \"%s\" es ignorada por %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1287
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fetching %s\n"
+msgstr "Extrayendo %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1289 builtin/remote.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not fetch %s"
+msgstr "No se pudo extraer %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1335 builtin/fetch.c:1503
+msgid ""
+"--filter can only be used with the remote configured in core.partialClone"
+msgstr ""
+"--filter solo puede ser usado con el remoto configurado en core.partialClone"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1358
+msgid ""
+"No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
+"remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"No hay repositorio remoto especificado. Por favor, especifique un URL o un\n"
+"nombre remoto del cual las nuevas revisiones deben ser extraídas."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1395
+msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
+msgstr "Tiene que especificar un nombre de tag."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1444
+msgid "Negative depth in --deepen is not supported"
+msgstr "Profundidad negativa en --deepen no soportada"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1446
+msgid "--deepen and --depth are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "--deepen y --depth son mutuamente exclusivas"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1451
+msgid "--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"
+msgstr "--depth y --unshallow no pueden ser usadas juntas"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1453
+msgid "--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"
+msgstr "--unshallow no tiene sentido en un repositorio completo"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1469
+msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
+msgstr "fetch --all no toma un argumento de repositorio"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1471
+msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
+msgstr "fetch --all no tiene sentido con refspecs"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1480
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
+msgstr "No existe el remoto o grupo remoto: %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1487
+msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
+msgstr "Extraer un grupo y especificar un refspecs no tiene sentido"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <file>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <mensaje>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <archivo>]"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
+msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
+msgstr "poblar el log con máximo <n> entradas del shorlog"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
+msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
+msgstr "alias para --log (deprecado)"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:672
+msgid "text"
+msgstr "texto"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:673
+msgid "use <text> as start of message"
+msgstr "use <text> como comienzo de mensaje"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:674
+msgid "file to read from"
+msgstr "archivo del cual leer"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:10
+msgid "git for-each-ref [<options>] [<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [<opciones>] [<patrón>]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:11
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--points-at <object>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--points-at <objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:12
+msgid "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:13
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--contains [<commit>]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--contains [<commit>]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:28
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
+msgstr "cite los marcadores de posición adecuadamente para los shells"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:30
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
+msgstr "cite los marcadores de posición adecuadamente para perl"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:32
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
+msgstr "cite los marcadores de posición adecuadamente para python"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:34
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for Tcl"
+msgstr "cite los marcadores de posición adecuadamente para Tcl"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:37
+msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
+msgstr "mostrar solo <n> refs encontradas"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:39 builtin/tag.c:421
+msgid "respect format colors"
+msgstr "respetar el formato de colores"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:43
+msgid "print only refs which points at the given object"
+msgstr "mostrar solo refs que apunten al objeto dado"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:45
+msgid "print only refs that are merged"
+msgstr "mostrar solo refs que son fusionadas"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:46
+msgid "print only refs that are not merged"
+msgstr "mostrar solo refs que no son fusionadas"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:47
+msgid "print only refs which contain the commit"
+msgstr "mostrar solo refs que contienen el commit"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:48
+msgid "print only refs which don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "mostrar solo refs que no contienen el commit"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:569
+msgid "Checking object directories"
+msgstr "Revisando objetos directorios"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:661
+msgid "git fsck [<options>] [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git fsck [<opciones>] [<objeto>...]"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:667
+msgid "show unreachable objects"
+msgstr "mostrar objetos ilegibles"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:668
+msgid "show dangling objects"
+msgstr "mostrar objetos colgados"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:669
+msgid "report tags"
+msgstr "reportar tags"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:670
+msgid "report root nodes"
+msgstr "reportar nodos raíz"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:671
+msgid "make index objects head nodes"
+msgstr "hacer objetos índices cabezas de nodos"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:672
+msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
+msgstr "hacer reflogs cabeza de nodos (default)"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:673
+msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
+msgstr "también considerar paquetes y objetos alternos"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:674
+msgid "check only connectivity"
+msgstr "revisar solo conectividad"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:675
+msgid "enable more strict checking"
+msgstr "habilitar revisión más estricta"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:677
+msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
+msgstr "escribir objetos colgados en .git/lost-found"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:678 builtin/prune.c:109
+msgid "show progress"
+msgstr "mostrar progreso"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:679
+msgid "show verbose names for reachable objects"
+msgstr "mostrar nombres verboso para objetos alcanzables"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:745
+msgid "Checking objects"
+msgstr "Revisando objetos"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:33
+msgid "git gc [<options>]"
+msgstr "git gc [<opciones>]"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fstat %s: %s"
+msgstr "Falló el fstat %s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:452
+#, c-format
+msgid "Can't stat %s"
+msgstr "No se puede definir %s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:461
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The last gc run reported the following. Please correct the root cause\n"
+"and remove %s.\n"
+"Automatic cleanup will not be performed until the file is removed.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"El último gc reportó lo siguiente. Por favor corrige la causa\n"
+"y remueva %s.\n"
+"Limpieza automática no se realizará hasta que el archivo sea removido.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:502
+msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
+msgstr "limpiar objetos no referenciados"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:504
+msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
+msgstr "ser más exhaustivo (aumentar runtime)"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:505
+msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
+msgstr "habilitar modo auto-gc"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:508
+msgid "force running gc even if there may be another gc running"
+msgstr "forzar la ejecución de gc incluso si puede haber otro gc ejecutándose"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:511
+msgid "repack all other packs except the largest pack"
+msgstr "reempaquetar todos los otros paquetes excepto el paquete más grande"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:528
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to parse gc.logexpiry value %s"
+msgstr "falló al analizar valor %s de gc.logexpirity"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:539
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to parse prune expiry value %s"
+msgstr "falló al analizar valor %s de prune expiry"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:559
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto packing the repository in background for optimum performance.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Auto empaquetado del repositorio en segundo plano para un performance "
+"óptimo.\n"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:561
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
+msgstr "Auto empaquetado del repositorio para performance óptimo.\n"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:562
+#, c-format
+msgid "See \"git help gc\" for manual housekeeping.\n"
+msgstr "Vea \"git help gc\" para limpieza manual.\n"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:598
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"gc is already running on machine '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> (use --force if not)"
+msgstr ""
+"gc ya está ejecutándose en la máquina '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> (use --force so no "
+"es así)"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:645
+msgid ""
+"There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
+msgstr ""
+"Hay muchos objetos sueltos inalcanzables; ejecute 'git prune' para "
+"removerlos."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:28
+msgid "git grep [<options>] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git grep [<opciones>] [-e] <patrón> [<rev>...] [[--] <ruta>...]"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:226
+#, c-format
+msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
+msgstr "grep: falló al crear el hilo: %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d) for %s"
+msgstr "número inválido de hilos especificado (%d) para %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s is the configuration
+#. variable for tweaking threads, currently
+#. grep.threads
+#.
+#: builtin/grep.c:293 builtin/index-pack.c:1535 builtin/index-pack.c:1727
+#, c-format
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
+msgstr "no hay soporte para hilos, ignorando %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:461 builtin/grep.c:582 builtin/grep.c:623
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
+msgstr "no es posible leer el  árbol (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:638
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
+msgstr "no es posible realizar grep del objeto de tipo %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:703
+#, c-format
+msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
+msgstr "switch `%c' espera un valor numérico"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:790
+msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
+msgstr "buscar en el índice en lugar del árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:792
+msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
+msgstr "encontrar en contenidos no manejados por git"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:794
+msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
+msgstr "buscar en archivos rastreados y no rastreados"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:796
+msgid "ignore files specified via '.gitignore'"
+msgstr "ignorar archivos especificados via '.gitignore'"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:798
+msgid "recursively search in each submodule"
+msgstr "búsqueda recursiva en cada submódulo"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:801
+msgid "show non-matching lines"
+msgstr "mostrar líneas que no concuerdan"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:803
+msgid "case insensitive matching"
+msgstr "búsqueda insensible a mayúsculas"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:805
+msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
+msgstr "concordar patrón solo a los límites de las palabras"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:807
+msgid "process binary files as text"
+msgstr "procesar archivos binarios como texto"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:809
+msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
+msgstr "no concordar patrones en archivos binarios"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:812
+msgid "process binary files with textconv filters"
+msgstr "procesar archivos binarios con filtros textconv"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:814
+msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
+msgstr "descender como máximo <valor-de-profundiad>  niveles"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:818
+msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
+msgstr "usar expresiones regulares POSIX extendidas"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:821
+msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
+msgstr "usar expresiones regulares POSIX (default)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:824
+msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
+msgstr "interpretar patrones como strings arreglados"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:827
+msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
+msgstr "usar expresiones regulares compatibles con Perl"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:830
+msgid "show line numbers"
+msgstr "mostrar números de línea"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:831
+msgid "don't show filenames"
+msgstr "no mostrar nombres de archivo"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:832
+msgid "show filenames"
+msgstr "mostrar nombres de archivo"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:834
+msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
+msgstr "mostrar nombres de archivo relativos al directorio superior"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:836
+msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
+msgstr "mostrar solo nombres de archivos en lugar de líneas encontradas"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:838
+msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
+msgstr "sinónimo para --files-with-matches"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:841
+msgid "show only the names of files without match"
+msgstr "mostrar solo los nombres de archivos sin coincidencias"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:843
+msgid "print NUL after filenames"
+msgstr "imprimir NUL después del nombre de archivo"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:846
+msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
+msgstr "mostrar el número de concordancias en lugar de las líneas concordantes"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:847
+msgid "highlight matches"
+msgstr "resaltar concordancias"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:849
+msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
+msgstr "imprimir una línea vacía entre coincidencias de diferentes archivos"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:851
+msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
+msgstr ""
+"mostrar el nombre de archivo solo una vez para concordancias en el mismo "
+"archivo"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:854
+msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
+msgstr "mostrar <n> líneas de contexto antes y después de la concordancia"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:857
+msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
+msgstr "mostrar <n> líneas de contexto antes de las concordancias"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:859
+msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
+msgstr "mostrar <n> líneas de context después de las concordancias"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:861
+msgid "use <n> worker threads"
+msgstr "usar <n> hilos de trabajo"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:862
+msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
+msgstr "atajo para -C NUM"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:865
+msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
+msgstr ""
+"mostrar una línea con el nombre de la función antes de las concordancias"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:867
+msgid "show the surrounding function"
+msgstr "mostrar la función circundante"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:870
+msgid "read patterns from file"
+msgstr "leer patrones del archivo"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:872
+msgid "match <pattern>"
+msgstr "concordar <patrón>"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:874
+msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
+msgstr "combinar patrones especificados con -e"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:886
+msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
+msgstr "indicar concordancia con exit status sin output"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:888
+msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
+msgstr ""
+"mostrar solo concordancias con archivos que concuerdan todos los patrones"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:890
+msgid "show parse tree for grep expression"
+msgstr "mostrar árbol analizado para la expresión grep"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
+msgid "pager"
+msgstr "paginador"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
+msgid "show matching files in the pager"
+msgstr "mostrar archivos concordantes en el paginador"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:898
+msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
+msgstr "permitir el llamado de grep(1) (ignorado por esta build)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:962
+msgid "no pattern given."
+msgstr "no se ha entregado patrón."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:994
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs"
+msgstr "--no-index o --untracked no se puede usar con revs"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to resolve revision: %s"
+msgstr "no se posible resolver revisión: %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1036 builtin/index-pack.c:1531
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
+msgstr "número inválido de hilos especificado (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1041
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring --threads"
+msgstr "no se soportan hilos, ignorando --threads"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1065
+msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
+msgstr "--open-files-in-pager solo funciona en el árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1088
+msgid "option not supported with --recurse-submodules."
+msgstr "opción no soportada con --recurse-submodules."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1094
+msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
+msgstr "--cached o --untracked no pueden ser usadas con --no-index."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1100
+msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
+msgstr "--[no-]exclude-standard no puede ser usada para contenido rastreado."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1108
+msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
+msgstr "--cached y árboles han sido entregados."
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
+msgid ""
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"[--] <file>..."
+msgstr ""
+"git hash-object [-t <tipo>] [-w] [--path=<archivo> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"[--] <archivo>..."
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:84
+msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
+msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
+msgid "type"
+msgstr "tipo"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
+msgid "object type"
+msgstr "tipo de objeto"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
+msgid "write the object into the object database"
+msgstr "escribir el objeto en la base de datos de objetos"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
+msgid "read the object from stdin"
+msgstr "leer el objeto de stdin"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
+msgid "store file as is without filters"
+msgstr "guardar el archivo como es sin filtros"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:102
+msgid ""
+"just hash any random garbage to create corrupt objects for debugging Git"
+msgstr ""
+"solo realizar un hash a cualquier basura random para crear un objeto "
+"corrupto para hacer debugging de Gti"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103
+msgid "process file as it were from this path"
+msgstr "procesar el archivo como si fuera de esta ruta"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:45
+msgid "print all available commands"
+msgstr "mostrar todos los comandos disponibles"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:46
+msgid "exclude guides"
+msgstr "excluir las guias"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:47
+msgid "print list of useful guides"
+msgstr "mostrar una lista de nociones utiles"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:48
+msgid "show man page"
+msgstr "mostrar la pagina del manual"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:49
+msgid "show manual in web browser"
+msgstr "mostrar la pagina del manual en un navegador web"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:51
+msgid "show info page"
+msgstr "mostrar la pagina de info"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:53
+msgid "print command description"
+msgstr "imprimir descripción del comando"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:58
+msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<command>]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<comando>]"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:70
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
+msgstr "formato help no reconocido '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:97
+msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
+msgstr "Falló al iniciar emacsclient."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:110
+msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
+msgstr "Falló al analizar la versión de emacsclient."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
+msgstr "la versión '%d' de emacsclient es muy antigua (<22)."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:136 builtin/help.c:158 builtin/help.c:168 builtin/help.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to exec '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al ejecutar '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:214
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s': ruta para el visualizador del manual no soportada.\n"
+"Por favor considere usar 'man.<herramienta.cmd'."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:226
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s': comando no soportado para man viewer.\n"
+"Por favor considere usar 'man.<herramienta>.path."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
+msgstr "'%s': visualizador de man desconocido."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:360
+msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
+msgstr "ningún visualizador de manual proceso la petición"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:368
+msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
+msgstr "ningún visor de info manejo la petición"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:415
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is aliased to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' tiene el alias '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:442 builtin/help.c:459
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s%s"
+msgstr "uso: %s%s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open %s"
+msgstr "no es posible abrir %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
+msgstr "el tipo del objeto no concuerda en %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:228
+#, c-format
+msgid "did not receive expected object %s"
+msgstr "no se recibió el objeto esperado %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:231
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s: expected type %s, found %s"
+msgstr "objeto %s: tipo esperado %s, encontrado %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
+msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
+msgstr[0] "no se puede llenar %d byte"
+msgstr[1] "no se pueden llenar %d bytes"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:283
+msgid "early EOF"
+msgstr "EOF temprano"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:284
+msgid "read error on input"
+msgstr "leer error en input"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:296
+msgid "used more bytes than were available"
+msgstr "se usaron más bytes de los disponibles"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:303
+msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
+msgstr "paquete muy grande para la definición actual de off_t"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:306 builtin/unpack-objects.c:93
+msgid "pack exceeds maximum allowed size"
+msgstr "paquete excede el máximo tamaño permitido"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:321
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede crear '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:327
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede abrir el archivo de paquete '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:341
+msgid "pack signature mismatch"
+msgstr "firma del paquete no concuerda"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
+msgstr "versión de paquete %<PRIu32> no soportada"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
+msgstr "paquete tiene un mal objeto en el offset %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:482
+#, c-format
+msgid "inflate returned %d"
+msgstr "inflate retornó %d"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:531
+msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
+msgstr "valor de offset desbordado para el objeto base delta"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:539
+msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
+msgstr "offset de base delta está fuera de límites"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:547
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown object type %d"
+msgstr "tipo de objeto %d desconocido"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:578
+msgid "cannot pread pack file"
+msgstr "no se puede propagar el paquete"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:580
+#, c-format
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] "final prematuro de archivo de paquete, %<PRIuMAX> byte faltante"
+msgstr[1] "final prematuro de archivo de paquete, %<PRIuMAX> bytes faltantes"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:606
+msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
+msgstr "inconsistencia seria en inflate"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:751 builtin/index-pack.c:757 builtin/index-pack.c:780
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:819 builtin/index-pack.c:828
+#, c-format
+msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
+msgstr "COLISIÓN DE TIPO SHA1 ENCONTRADA CON %s !"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:754 builtin/pack-objects.c:198
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:292
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read %s"
+msgstr "no se posible leer %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:817
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object info %s"
+msgstr "no se puede leer la información existente del objeto %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:825
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
+msgstr "no se puede leer el objeto existente %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:839
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid blob object %s"
+msgstr "objeto blob %s inválido"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:842 builtin/index-pack.c:860
+msgid "fsck error in packed object"
+msgstr "error de fsck en el objeto empaquetado"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:857
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid %s"
+msgstr "%s inválido"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:862
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
+msgstr "No todos los objetos hijos de %s son alcanzables"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:934 builtin/index-pack.c:965
+msgid "failed to apply delta"
+msgstr "falló al aplicar delta"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1135
+msgid "Receiving objects"
+msgstr "Recibiendo objetos"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1135
+msgid "Indexing objects"
+msgstr "Indexando objetos"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1169
+msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
+msgstr "paquete está corrompido (SHA1 no concuerda)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1174
+msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
+msgstr "no se puede fstat al archivo de paquete"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1177
+msgid "pack has junk at the end"
+msgstr "el paquete tiene basura al final"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1189
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
+msgstr "confusión más allá de la locura en parse_pack_objects()"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1212
+msgid "Resolving deltas"
+msgstr "Resolviendo deltas"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1223
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
+msgstr "no es posible crear hilo: %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1265
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
+msgstr "confusión más allá de la locura"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid "completed with %d local object"
+msgid_plural "completed with %d local objects"
+msgstr[0] "completado con %d objeto local"
+msgstr[1] "completado con %d objetos locales"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1283
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
+msgstr "Tail checksum para %s inesperada (corrupción de disco?)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
+msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
+msgstr[0] "paquete tiene %d delta sin resolver"
+msgstr[1] "paquete tiene %d deltas sin resolver"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1311
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
+msgstr "no es posible desinflar el objeto adjunto (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1388
+#, c-format
+msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
+msgstr "objeto local %s está corrompido"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1402
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr "nombre '%s' de archivo de paquete no termina con '.pack'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1427
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede escribir %s en el archivo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1435
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot close written %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede cerrar escrito %s en archivo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1459
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
+msgstr "error mientras se cierra el archivo paquete"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1473
+msgid "cannot store pack file"
+msgstr "no se puede guardar el archivo paquete"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1481
+msgid "cannot store index file"
+msgstr "no se puede guardar el archivo índice"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1525
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
+msgstr "mal pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1594
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
+msgstr "No se puede abrir el archivo paquete existente '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1596
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
+msgstr "No se puede abrir el índice del archivo paquete para '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1644
+#, c-format
+msgid "non delta: %d object"
+msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
+msgstr[0] "no delta: %d objeto"
+msgstr[1] "no delta: %d objetos"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1651
+#, c-format
+msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
+msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
+msgstr[0] "largo de cadena = %d: %lu objeto"
+msgstr[1] "largo de cadena = %d: %lu objetos"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1688
+msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr "No se puede regresar a cwd"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1739 builtin/index-pack.c:1742
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1758 builtin/index-pack.c:1762
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad %s"
+msgstr "mal %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1778
+msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
+msgstr "--fix-thin no puede ser usada sin --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1780
+msgid "--stdin requires a git repository"
+msgstr "--stdin requiere un repositorio git"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1786
+msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
+msgstr "--verify no recibió ningún nombre de archivo de paquete"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1836 builtin/unpack-objects.c:578
+msgid "fsck error in pack objects"
+msgstr "error de fsck en objetos paquete"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:55
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo definir '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo definir template '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:66
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede abrir directorio '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede leer link '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:79
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede crear symlink '%s' '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:85
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede copiar '%s' a '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:89
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring template %s"
+msgstr "ignorando template %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:120
+#, c-format
+msgid "templates not found in %s"
+msgstr "template no encontrado en %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "not copying templates from '%s': %s"
+msgstr "no se copian templates de '%s': %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr "no es posible manejar el tipo de archivo %d"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:331
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr "no se puede mover %s a %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:348 builtin/init-db.c:351
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s already exists"
+msgstr "%s ya existe"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:404
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Reinicializado el repositorio Git compartido existente en %s%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:405
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Reinicializado el repositorio Git existente en %s%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:409
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Inicializado repositorio Git compartido vacío en %s%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:410
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Inicializado repositorio Git vacío en %s%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:458
+msgid ""
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--"
+"shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<directorio-template>] [--"
+"shared[=<permisos>]] [<directorio>]"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:481
+msgid "permissions"
+msgstr "permisos"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:482
+msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
+msgstr ""
+"especifica que el repositorio de git será compartido entre varios usuarios"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:525
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
+msgstr "no se puede aplicar chdir a %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:546
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
+"dir=<directory>)"
+msgstr ""
+"%s (o --work-tree=<directorio>) no se permite sin especificar %s (o --git-"
+"dir=<directorio>)"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:574
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
+msgstr "No se puede acceder al árbol de trabajo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"<token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [<file>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"<token>[(=|:)<valor>])...] [<archivo>...]"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:92
+msgid "edit files in place"
+msgstr "editar archivos en el lugar"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:93
+msgid "trim empty trailers"
+msgstr "cortar trailers vacíos"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:96
+msgid "where to place the new trailer"
+msgstr "donde colocar el nuevo trailer"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:98
+msgid "action if trailer already exists"
+msgstr "acción if trailer ya existe"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:100
+msgid "action if trailer is missing"
+msgstr "acción si falta el trailer"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:102
+msgid "output only the trailers"
+msgstr "mostrar solo los trailers"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:103
+msgid "do not apply config rules"
+msgstr "no aplicar reglas de configuración"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:104
+msgid "join whitespace-continued values"
+msgstr "juntar valores con espacios en blanco contiguos"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:105
+msgid "set parsing options"
+msgstr "configurar opciones de análisis"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:107
+msgid "trailer"
+msgstr "trailer"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:108
+msgid "trailer(s) to add"
+msgstr "trailer(s) para agregar"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:117
+msgid "--trailer with --only-input does not make sense"
+msgstr "--trailer con --only-input no tiene sentido"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:127
+msgid "no input file given for in-place editing"
+msgstr "no se entregó archivo de entrada para edición en lugar"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:48
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git log [<opciones>] [<rango-de-revisión>] [[--] <ruta>...]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:49
+msgid "git show [<options>] <object>..."
+msgstr "git show [<opciones>] <objeto>..."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:93
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid --decorate option: %s"
+msgstr "opción --decorate inválida: %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:153
+msgid "suppress diff output"
+msgstr "suprimir salida de diff"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:154
+msgid "show source"
+msgstr "mostrar fuente"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:155
+msgid "Use mail map file"
+msgstr "Usar archivo de mapa de mail"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:157
+msgid "only decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "solo decorar refs que concuerden con <patrón>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:159
+msgid "do not decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "no decorar refs que concuerden con <patrón>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:160
+msgid "decorate options"
+msgstr "opciones de decorado"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:163
+msgid "Process line range n,m in file, counting from 1"
+msgstr "Procesar rango de líneas n,m en archivo, contando desde 1"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:259
+#, c-format
+msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
+msgstr "Salida final: %d %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:510
+#, c-format
+msgid "git show %s: bad file"
+msgstr "git show %s: mal archivo"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:525 builtin/log.c:619
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read object %s"
+msgstr "No se pudo leer objeto %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:643
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown type: %d"
+msgstr "Tipo desconocido: %d"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:764
+msgid "format.headers without value"
+msgstr "formate.headers. sin valor"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:865
+msgid "name of output directory is too long"
+msgstr "nombre del directorio de salida es muy largo"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:881
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
+msgstr "No se puede abrir archivo patch %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:898
+msgid "Need exactly one range."
+msgstr "Exactamente un rango necesario."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:908
+msgid "Not a range."
+msgstr "No es un rango."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1014
+msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
+msgstr "Letras de portada necesita formato email"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1095
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
+msgstr "insano in-reply-to: %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1122
+msgid "git format-patch [<options>] [<since> | <revision-range>]"
+msgstr "git format-patch [<opciones>] [<desde> | <rango-de-revisiones>]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1172
+msgid "Two output directories?"
+msgstr "Dos directorios de salida?"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1279 builtin/log.c:1932 builtin/log.c:1934 builtin/log.c:1946
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr "Commit desconocido %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1289 builtin/notes.c:887 builtin/tag.c:523
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "Falló al resolver '%s' como una ref válida."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1294
+msgid "Could not find exact merge base."
+msgstr "No se pudo encontrar una base de fusión."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1298
+msgid ""
+"Failed to get upstream, if you want to record base commit automatically,\n"
+"please use git branch --set-upstream-to to track a remote branch.\n"
+"Or you could specify base commit by --base=<base-commit-id> manually."
+msgstr ""
+"Falló al conseguir upstream, si quiere grabar un commit base de manera "
+"automática,\n"
+"por favor use git branch --set-upstream-to para rastrear una rama remota.\n"
+"O puede especificar un commit base mediante --base=<id-commit-base> "
+"manualmente."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1318
+msgid "Failed to find exact merge base"
+msgstr "Falló al encontrar una base de fusión exacta"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1329
+msgid "base commit should be the ancestor of revision list"
+msgstr "el commit base debe ser el ancestro de la lista de revisión"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1333
+msgid "base commit shouldn't be in revision list"
+msgstr "el commit base no debe estar en la lista de revisión"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1382
+msgid "cannot get patch id"
+msgstr "no se puede obtener id de patch"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1441
+msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
+msgstr "use [PATCH n/m] incluso con un único parche"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1444
+msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
+msgstr "use [PATCH] incluso con múltiples parches"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1448
+msgid "print patches to standard out"
+msgstr "mostrar parches en standard out"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1450
+msgid "generate a cover letter"
+msgstr "generar letra de cover"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1452
+msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
+msgstr ""
+"usar una secuencia simple de números para salida de nombres de archivos"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1453
+msgid "sfx"
+msgstr "sfx"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1454
+msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
+msgstr "use <sfx> en lugar de '.patch'"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1456
+msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
+msgstr "comenzar a numerar los parches desde <n> en lugar de 1"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1458
+msgid "mark the series as Nth re-roll"
+msgstr "marcar las series como Nth re-roll"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1460
+msgid "Use [RFC PATCH] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "Use [RFC PATCH] en lugar de [PATCH]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1463
+msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "Use [<prefijo>] en lugar de [PATCH]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1466
+msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
+msgstr "guardar archivos resultantes en <dir>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1469
+msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
+msgstr "no cortar/agregar [PATCH]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1472
+msgid "don't output binary diffs"
+msgstr "no mostrar diffs binarios"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1474
+msgid "output all-zero hash in From header"
+msgstr "salida como hash de todos-ceros en la cabecera From"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1476
+msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
+msgstr "no incluya un parche que coincida con un commit en upstream"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1478
+msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
+msgstr "mostrar formato de parche en lugar del default (parche + stat)"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1480
+msgid "Messaging"
+msgstr "Mensajeando"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1481
+msgid "header"
+msgstr "cabezal"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1482
+msgid "add email header"
+msgstr "agregar cabecera email"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1483 builtin/log.c:1485
+msgid "email"
+msgstr "email"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1483
+msgid "add To: header"
+msgstr "agregar cabecera To:"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1485
+msgid "add Cc: header"
+msgstr "agregar cabecera Cc:"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1487
+msgid "ident"
+msgstr "ident"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1488
+msgid "set From address to <ident> (or committer ident if absent)"
+msgstr ""
+"configurar dirección From a <ident> ( o identidad de committer si está "
+"ausente)"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1490
+msgid "message-id"
+msgstr "id de mensaje"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1491
+msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
+msgstr "hacer primer mail una respuesta a <id de mensaje>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1492 builtin/log.c:1495
+msgid "boundary"
+msgstr "límite"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1493
+msgid "attach the patch"
+msgstr "adjuntar el parche"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1496
+msgid "inline the patch"
+msgstr "poner el parche en línea"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1500
+msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
+msgstr "habilitar hilos de mensajes, estilos: superficial, profundo"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1502
+msgid "signature"
+msgstr "firma"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1503
+msgid "add a signature"
+msgstr "agregar una firma"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1504
+msgid "base-commit"
+msgstr "commit-base"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1505
+msgid "add prerequisite tree info to the patch series"
+msgstr ""
+"agregar información de árbol de requisitos previos a la serie de parches"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1507
+msgid "add a signature from a file"
+msgstr "agregar una firma de un archivo"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1508
+msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
+msgstr "no mostrar los nombres de archivos de los parches"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1510
+msgid "show progress while generating patches"
+msgstr "mostrar medidor de progreso mientras se generan los parches"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1585
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid ident line: %s"
+msgstr "línea de identificación inválida: %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1600
+msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "-n y -k son mutuamente exclusivas."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1602
+msgid "--subject-prefix/--rfc and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "--subject-prefix/--rfc y -k son mutuamente exclusivos."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1610
+msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
+msgstr "--name-only no tiene sentido"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1612
+msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
+msgstr "--name-status no tiene sentido"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1614
+msgid "--check does not make sense"
+msgstr "--check no tiene sentido"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1646
+msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
+msgstr "salida standard, o directorio, cual?"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1648
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "No se pudo crear el directorio '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1741
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read signature file '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede leer la firma del archivo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1773
+msgid "Generating patches"
+msgstr "Generando parches"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1817
+msgid "Failed to create output files"
+msgstr "Falló al crear los archivos de salida"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1867
+msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
+msgstr "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<límite>]]]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1921
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"No se pudo encontrar una rama remota rastreada, por favor especifique "
+"<upstream> manualmente.\n"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+msgid "git ls-files [<options>] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-files [<opciones>] [<archivo>...]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:517
+msgid "identify the file status with tags"
+msgstr "identifique el estado del archivo con tags"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:519
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
+msgstr "usar letras minúsculas para archivos 'asumidos sin cambios'"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:521
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'fsmonitor clean' files"
+msgstr "usar letras minúsculas para archivos de 'fsmonitor clean'"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:523
+msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
+msgstr "mostrar archivos en caché en la salida (default)"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:525
+msgid "show deleted files in the output"
+msgstr "mostrar archivos borrados en la salida"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:527
+msgid "show modified files in the output"
+msgstr "mostrar archivos modificados en la salida"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:529
+msgid "show other files in the output"
+msgstr "mostrar otros archivos en la salida"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:531
+msgid "show ignored files in the output"
+msgstr "mostrar archivos ignorados en la salida"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:534
+msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
+msgstr ""
+"mostrar contenido de nombres de objetos en el área de stage en la salida"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:536
+msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
+msgstr "mostrar archivos en el filesystem que necesitan ser borrados"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:538
+msgid "show 'other' directories' names only"
+msgstr "mostrar solo nombres de 'directorios otros'"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:540
+msgid "show line endings of files"
+msgstr "mostrar finales de línea de archivos"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:542
+msgid "don't show empty directories"
+msgstr "no mostrar directorios vacíos"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:545
+msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
+msgstr "mostrar archivos no fusionados en la salida"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:547
+msgid "show resolve-undo information"
+msgstr "mostrar información resolver-deshacer"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:549
+msgid "skip files matching pattern"
+msgstr "saltar archivos que concuerden con el patrón"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:552
+msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
+msgstr "excluir patrones leídos de <archivo>"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:555
+msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
+msgstr ""
+"leer patrones de exclusión de manera adicional por directorio en <archivo>"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:557
+msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
+msgstr "agregar las exclusiones standard de git"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:560
+msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
+msgstr "hacer la salida relativa al directorio principal del proyecto"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:563
+msgid "recurse through submodules"
+msgstr "recurrir a través de submódulos"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:565
+msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
+msgstr "si cualquier <archivo> no está en el índice, tratarlo como un error"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:566
+msgid "tree-ish"
+msgstr "árbol-ismo"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:567
+msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
+msgstr ""
+"fingir que las rutas han sido borradas ya que todavía hay <árbol-ismos> "
+"presentes"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:569
+msgid "show debugging data"
+msgstr "mostrar data de debug"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:9
+msgid ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<repository> [<refs>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<repositorio> [<refs>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:59
+msgid "do not print remote URL"
+msgstr "no mostrar el URL remoto"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:60 builtin/ls-remote.c:62
+msgid "exec"
+msgstr "ejecutar"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:61 builtin/ls-remote.c:63
+msgid "path of git-upload-pack on the remote host"
+msgstr "ruta de git-upload-pack en el host remoto"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:65
+msgid "limit to tags"
+msgstr "limitar a tags"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:66
+msgid "limit to heads"
+msgstr "limitar a heads"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:67
+msgid "do not show peeled tags"
+msgstr "no mostrar tags pelados"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:69
+msgid "take url.<base>.insteadOf into account"
+msgstr "tomar url.<base>.insteadOf en cuenta"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:73
+msgid "exit with exit code 2 if no matching refs are found"
+msgstr "salir con código de salida 2 si no se encuentran refs que concuerden"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:76
+msgid "show underlying ref in addition to the object pointed by it"
+msgstr "mostrar ref subyacente en adición al objeto apuntado por él"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:29
+msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-tree [<opciones>] <árbol-ismo> [<ruta>...]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:127
+msgid "only show trees"
+msgstr "solo mostrar árboles"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:129
+msgid "recurse into subtrees"
+msgstr "recurrir en subárboles"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:131
+msgid "show trees when recursing"
+msgstr "mostrar árboles cuando se recurre"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:134
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL byte"
+msgstr "terminar entradas con byte NUL"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:135
+msgid "include object size"
+msgstr "incluir tamaño de objeto"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:137 builtin/ls-tree.c:139
+msgid "list only filenames"
+msgstr "listar solo nombres de archivos"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:142
+msgid "use full path names"
+msgstr "usar rutas completas"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:144
+msgid "list entire tree; not just current directory (implies --full-name)"
+msgstr ""
+"mostrar todo el árbol; no solo el directorio actual (implica --full-name)"
+
+#: builtin/mailsplit.c:241
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty mbox: '%s'"
+msgstr "mbox vacío: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:51
+msgid "git merge [<options>] [<commit>...]"
+msgstr "git merge [<opciones>] [<commit>...]"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:52
+msgid "git merge --abort"
+msgstr "git merge --abort"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:53
+msgid "git merge --continue"
+msgstr "git merge --continue"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:110
+msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
+msgstr "cambiar `m' requiere un valor"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:147
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "No se pudo encontrar estrategia de fusión '%s'.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:148
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available strategies are:"
+msgstr "Estrategias disponibles son:"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:153
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
+msgstr "Estrategias personalizadas disponibles son:"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:203 builtin/pull.c:142
+msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr "no mostrar un diffstat al final de la fusión"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/pull.c:145
+msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr "mostrar un diffstat al final de la fusión"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:207 builtin/pull.c:148
+msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
+msgstr "(sinónimo para --stat)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:209 builtin/pull.c:151
+msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
+msgstr ""
+"agregar (como máximo <n>) entradas del shortlog al mensaje del commit de "
+"fusión"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:212 builtin/pull.c:157
+msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
+msgstr "crear un commit único en lugar de hacer una fusión"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:214 builtin/pull.c:160
+msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
+msgstr "realizar un commit si la fusión es exitosa (default)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:216 builtin/pull.c:163
+msgid "edit message before committing"
+msgstr "editar mensaje antes de realizar commit"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:217
+msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
+msgstr "permitir fast-forwars (default)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:219 builtin/pull.c:169
+msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
+msgstr "abortar si fast-forward no es posible"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:223 builtin/pull.c:172
+msgid "verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+msgstr "verificar que el commit nombrado tiene una firma GPG válida"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:224 builtin/notes.c:777 builtin/pull.c:176
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
+msgid "strategy"
+msgstr "estrategia"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/pull.c:177
+msgid "merge strategy to use"
+msgstr "estrategia de fusión para usar"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:226 builtin/pull.c:180
+msgid "option=value"
+msgstr "opción=valor"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:227 builtin/pull.c:181
+msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
+msgstr "opción para la estrategia de fusión seleccionada"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:229
+msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
+msgstr "fusionar mensaje de commit (para una fusión no fast-forward)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:233
+msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "abortar la fusión en progreso actual"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:235
+msgid "continue the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "continuar la fusión en progreso actual"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:237 builtin/pull.c:188
+msgid "allow merging unrelated histories"
+msgstr "permitir fusionar historias no relacionadas"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:243
+msgid "verify commit-msg hook"
+msgstr "verificar el hook commit-msg"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:268
+msgid "could not run stash."
+msgstr "no se pudo ejecutar stash."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:273
+msgid "stash failed"
+msgstr "stash falló"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a valid object: %s"
+msgstr "no es un objeto válido: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:300 builtin/merge.c:317
+msgid "read-tree failed"
+msgstr "lectura de árbol falló"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:347
+msgid " (nothing to squash)"
+msgstr " (nada para hacer squash)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:358
+#, c-format
+msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr "Commit de squash -- no actualizando HEAD\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:408
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr "No hay mensaje de fusión -- no actualizando HEAD\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:458
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgstr "'%s' no apunta a ningún commit"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:548
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
+msgstr "Mal string branch.%s.mergeoptions: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:669
+msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "No manejando nada más que fusión de dos heads."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
+msgstr "Opción desconocida para merge-recursive: -X%s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:698
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write %s"
+msgstr "no es posible escribir %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:749
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
+msgstr "No se puedo leer de '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:758
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"No se realiza commit de la fusión; use 'git commit' para completar la "
+"fusión.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:764
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
+"especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Por favor ingrese un mensaje de commit que explique por qué es necesaria "
+"esta fusión,\n"
+"especialmente si esto fusiona un upstream actualizado en una rama de "
+"tópico.\n"
+"\n"
+"Líneas comenzando con '%c' serán ignoradas, y un mensaje vacío aborta\n"
+"el commit.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:800
+msgid "Empty commit message."
+msgstr "Mensaje de commit vacío."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:819
+#, c-format
+msgid "Wonderful.\n"
+msgstr "Maravilloso.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:872
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Fusión automática falló; arregle los conflictos y luego realice un commit "
+"con el resultado.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:911
+msgid "No current branch."
+msgstr "No rama actual."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:913
+msgid "No remote for the current branch."
+msgstr "No hay remoto para la rama actual."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:915
+msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
+msgstr "Por defecto, no hay un upstream  definido para la rama actual."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:920
+#, c-format
+msgid "No remote-tracking branch for %s from %s"
+msgstr "No hay rama de rastreo remoto para %s de %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad value '%s' in environment '%s'"
+msgstr "Mal valor '%s' en el entorno '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1075
+#, c-format
+msgid "not something we can merge in %s: %s"
+msgstr "nada que podamos fusionar en %s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1109
+msgid "not something we can merge"
+msgstr "nada que podamos fusionar"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1211
+msgid "--abort expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--abort no espera argumentos"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1215
+msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "No hay una fusión para abortar (falta MERGE_HEAD)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1227
+msgid "--continue expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--continue no espera argumentos"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1231
+msgid "There is no merge in progress (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "No hay fusión en progreso (falta MERGE_HEAD)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1247
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"No ha concluido la fusión (existe MERGE_HEAD).\n"
+"Por favor, realice un commit con los cambios antes de fusionar."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1254
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"No ha concluido el cherry-pick (existe CHERRY_PICK_HEAD).\n"
+"Por favor, realice un commit con los cambios antes de fusionar."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1257
+msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "No ha concluido el cherry-pick (existe CHERRY_PICK_HEAD)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1266
+msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
+msgstr "No se puede combinar --squash con --no-ff."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1274
+msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
+msgstr ""
+"No hay commit especificado y merge.defaultToUpstream no está configurado."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1291
+msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
+msgstr "Commit aplastado dentro de un head vacío no es soportado todavía"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1293
+msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
+msgstr "Commit no fast-forward no tiene sentido dentro de un head vacío"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1298
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
+msgstr "%s - nada que podamos fusionar"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1300
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr "Solo se puede fusionar exactamente un commit en un head vacío"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1334
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, allegedly by %s."
+msgstr "Commit %s tiene una firma GPG no confiable, pretendidamente por %s."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1337
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a bad GPG signature allegedly by %s."
+msgstr "Commit %s tiene una mala firma GPG pretendidamente por %s."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1340
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."
+msgstr "Commit %s no tiene una firma GPG."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1343
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"
+msgstr "El Commit %s tiene una buena firma GPG por %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1402
+msgid "refusing to merge unrelated histories"
+msgstr "rehusando fusionar historias no relacionadas"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1411
+msgid "Already up to date."
+msgstr "Ya está actualizado."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1421
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
+msgstr "Actualizando %s..%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1462
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
+msgstr "Intentando fusión en índice realmente trivial...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1469
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nope.\n"
+msgstr "Nop.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1494
+msgid "Already up to date. Yeeah!"
+msgstr "Ya está actualizado. ¡Oh, yeaahh!"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1500
+msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
+msgstr "No es posible hacer fast-forward, abortando."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1523 builtin/merge.c:1602
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
+msgstr "Rebobinando el árbol a original...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1527
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
+msgstr "Intentando estrategia de fusión %s...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1593
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
+msgstr "Ninguna estrategia de fusión manejó la fusión.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1595
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
+msgstr "Fusionar con estrategia %s falló.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1604
+#, c-format
+msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
+msgstr "Usando el %s para preparar resolución a mano.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1616
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Fusión automática fue bien; detenida antes del commit como se solicitó\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:30
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] <commit> <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] <commit> <commit>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:31
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <commit>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
+msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
+msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
+msgstr "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:34
+msgid "git merge-base --fork-point <ref> [<commit>]"
+msgstr "git merge-base --fork-point <ref> [<commit>]"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
+msgid "output all common ancestors"
+msgstr "mostrar todos los ancestros comunes"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
+msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
+msgstr "encontrar ancestros para una única fusión de n-vías"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:224
+msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
+msgstr "listar revs no alcanzables desde otros"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:226
+msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
+msgstr "es el primer ancestro del otro?"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:228
+msgid "find where <commit> forked from reflog of <ref>"
+msgstr "encontrar donde <commit> forjó del reflog de <ref>"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:9
+msgid ""
+"git merge-file [<options>] [-L <name1> [-L <orig> [-L <name2>]]] <file1> "
+"<orig-file> <file2>"
+msgstr ""
+"git merge-file [<opciones>] [-L <nombre1> [-L <origen> [-L <nombre2>]]] "
+"<archivo1> <archivo-origen> <archivo2>"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:33
+msgid "send results to standard output"
+msgstr "mandar resultados a standard output"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:34
+msgid "use a diff3 based merge"
+msgstr "usar un fusión basada en diff3"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:35
+msgid "for conflicts, use our version"
+msgstr "por conflictos, usar nuestra versión"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:37
+msgid "for conflicts, use their version"
+msgstr "por conflictos, usar la versión de ellos"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:39
+msgid "for conflicts, use a union version"
+msgstr "por conflictos, usar una versión de unión"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:42
+msgid "for conflicts, use this marker size"
+msgstr "por conflictos, usar el tamaño de este marcador"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:43
+msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
+msgstr "no advertir sobre conflictos"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:45
+msgid "set labels for file1/orig-file/file2"
+msgstr "configurar labels para archivo1/orig-archivo/archivo2"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:45
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option %s"
+msgstr "opción %s desconocida"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:51
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo analizar el objeto '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:55
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d base. Ignoring %s."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d bases. Ignoring %s."
+msgstr[0] "no se puede manejar más de %d base. Ignorando %s."
+msgstr[1] "no se puede manejar más de %d bases. Ignorando %s."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:63
+msgid "not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "no manejando nada distinto a fusiones de dos heads."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:69 builtin/merge-recursive.c:71
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve ref '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo resolver ref '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merging %s with %s\n"
+msgstr "Fusionando %s con %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:65
+msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
+msgstr "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:153
+msgid "input is NUL terminated"
+msgstr "input es terminada con NUL"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:154 builtin/write-tree.c:25
+msgid "allow missing objects"
+msgstr "permitir objetos faltantes"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:155
+msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
+msgstr "permitir la creación de más de un árbol"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:17
+msgid "git mv [<options>] <source>... <destination>"
+msgstr "git mv [<opciones>] <fuente>... <destino>"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "Directory %s is in index and no submodule?"
+msgstr "Directorio %s está en el índice y no hay submódulo?"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:84 builtin/rm.c:288
+msgid "Please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
+msgstr ""
+"Por favor agrega el stage de tus cambios a .gitmodules o realiza un stash "
+"para proceder"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid "%.*s is in index"
+msgstr "%.*s está en el índice"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:124
+msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
+msgstr "forzar mover/renombrar incluso si el objetivo existe"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:126
+msgid "skip move/rename errors"
+msgstr "saltar errores de mover/renombrar"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid "destination '%s' is not a directory"
+msgstr "destino '%s' no es un directorio"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Revisando cambio de nombre de '%s' a '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:183
+msgid "bad source"
+msgstr "mala fuente"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:186
+msgid "can not move directory into itself"
+msgstr "no se pude mover un directorio en sí mismo"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:189
+msgid "cannot move directory over file"
+msgstr "no se puede mover un directorio dentro de un archivo"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:198
+msgid "source directory is empty"
+msgstr "directorio de fuente está vacío"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:223
+msgid "not under version control"
+msgstr "no se encuentra bajo control de versión"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:226
+msgid "destination exists"
+msgstr "destino existe"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "overwriting '%s'"
+msgstr "sobrescribiendo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:237
+msgid "Cannot overwrite"
+msgstr "No se puede sobrescribir"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:240
+msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
+msgstr "múltiples fuentes para el mismo objetivo"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:242
+msgid "destination directory does not exist"
+msgstr "el directorio de destino no existe"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:249
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
+msgstr "%s, fuente=%s, destino=%s"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
+msgstr "Renombrando %s a %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:276 builtin/remote.c:715 builtin/repack.c:409
+#, c-format
+msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
+msgstr "renombrando '%s' falló"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:338
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git name-rev [<opciones>] <commit>..."
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:339
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --all"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<opciones>] --all"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:340
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --stdin"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<opciones>] --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:395
+msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
+msgstr "imprimir sólo nombres (sin SHA-1)"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:396
+msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
+msgstr "sólo usar tags para nombrar commits"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:398
+msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "solo usar refs que concuerden con <patrón>"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:400
+msgid "ignore refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "ignorar refs que concuerden con <patrón>"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:402
+msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
+msgstr "listar todos los commits alcanzables desde todas las referencias"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:403
+msgid "read from stdin"
+msgstr "leer desde stdin"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:404
+msgid "allow to print `undefined` names (default)"
+msgstr "permitir imprimir nombres `undefined` (predeterminado)"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:410
+msgid "dereference tags in the input (internal use)"
+msgstr "desreferenciar tags en la entrada (uso interno)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:26
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <referencia-de-notas>] [list [<objeto>]]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:27
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
+"| (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <referencia-de-notas>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m "
+"<mensaje> | -F <archivo> | (-c | -C) <objeto>] [<objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:28
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <referencia-de-notas>] copy [-f] <objeto-origen> <objeto-"
+"destino>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:29
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
+"(-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <referencia-de-notas>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <mensaje> "
+"| -F <archivo> | (-c | -C) <objeto>] [<objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:30
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <referencia-de-notas>] edit [--allow-empty] [<objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:31
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] show [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <referencia-de-notas>] show [<objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:32
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy>] <notes-ref>"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <referencia-de notas>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <estrategia>] "
+"<referencia-de-notas>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:33
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:34
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:35
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] remove [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <referencia-de-notas>] remove [<objeto>...]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:36
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] prune [-n] [-v]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <referencia-de-notas>] prune [-n] [-v]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:37
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] get-ref"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <referencia-de-notas>] get-ref"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:42
+msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr "git notes [list [<objeto>]]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:47
+msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes add [<opciones>] [<objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:52
+msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr "git notes copy [<opciones>] <objeto-origen> <objeto-destino>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:53
+msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
+msgstr "git notes copy --stdin [<objeto-origen> <objeto-destino>]..."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:58
+msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes append [<opciones>] [<objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:63
+msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes edit [<objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:68
+msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes show [<objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:73
+msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes-ref>"
+msgstr "git notes merge [<opciones>] <referencia-de-notas>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:74
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --commit [<opciones>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:75
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --abort [<opciones>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:80
+msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes remove [<objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:85
+msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes prune [<opciones>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:90
+msgid "git notes get-ref"
+msgstr "git notes get-ref"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:95
+msgid "Write/edit the notes for the following object:"
+msgstr "Escribe/edita las notas para los siguientes objetos:"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:148
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "incapaz de iniciar 'show' para el objeto '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:152
+msgid "could not read 'show' output"
+msgstr "no se pudo leer salida de 'show'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:160
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "falló la finalización de 'show' para el objeto '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:195
+msgid "please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+msgstr "por favor suministrar los contenidos de nota usando la opción -m o -F"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:204
+msgid "unable to write note object"
+msgstr "incapaz de escribir el objeto de nota"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "the note contents have been left in %s"
+msgstr "los contenidos de nota han sido dejados en %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:234 builtin/tag.c:507
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede leer '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:236 builtin/tag.c:510
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo abrir o leer '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:255 builtin/notes.c:306 builtin/notes.c:308
+#: builtin/notes.c:376 builtin/notes.c:431 builtin/notes.c:517
+#: builtin/notes.c:522 builtin/notes.c:600 builtin/notes.c:662
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "falló al resolver '%s' como ref válida."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:258
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr "falló al leer objeto '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
+msgstr "no se puede leer la data de la nota de un objeto no-blob '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "línea de entrada mal formada: '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:317
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al copiar notas de '%s' a '%s'"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the first %s will be replaced by a git
+#. notes command: 'add', 'merge', 'remove', etc.
+#.
+#: builtin/notes.c:349
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to %s notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "rechazando %s notas en %s (fuera de refs/notes/)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:369 builtin/notes.c:424 builtin/notes.c:500
+#: builtin/notes.c:512 builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:655
+#: builtin/notes.c:805 builtin/notes.c:952 builtin/notes.c:973
+msgid "too many parameters"
+msgstr "demasiados parámetros"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:382 builtin/notes.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "no note found for object %s."
+msgstr "no se encontraron notas para objeto %s."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:403 builtin/notes.c:566
+msgid "note contents as a string"
+msgstr "contenidos de la nota como cadena"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:406 builtin/notes.c:569
+msgid "note contents in a file"
+msgstr "contenidos de la nota en un archivo"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:409 builtin/notes.c:572
+msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
+msgstr "reutilizar y editar el objeto de nota especificada"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:412 builtin/notes.c:575
+msgid "reuse specified note object"
+msgstr "reutilizar el objeto de nota especificado"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:415 builtin/notes.c:578
+msgid "allow storing empty note"
+msgstr "permitir almacenar nota vacía"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:416 builtin/notes.c:487
+msgid "replace existing notes"
+msgstr "reemplazar notas existentes"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+"No se puede agregar notas. Se encontró notas existentes para objeto %s. Use "
+"'-f' para sobrescribir las notas existentes"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:535
+#, c-format
+msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
+msgstr "Sobrescribiendo notas existentes para objeto %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:467 builtin/notes.c:627 builtin/notes.c:892
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
+msgstr "Removiendo nota para objeto %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:488
+msgid "read objects from stdin"
+msgstr "leer objetos desde stdin"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:490
+msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
+msgstr "cargar configuración de reescritura para <comando> (implica --stdin)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:508
+msgid "too few parameters"
+msgstr "muy pocos parámetros"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:529
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+"No se puede copiar notas. Se encontró notas existentes para el objeto %s. "
+"Use '-f' para sobrescribir las notes existentes"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:541
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr "faltan notas en la fuente del objeto %s. No se puede copiar."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:593
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
+"Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Las opciones -m/-F/-c/-C han sido deprecadas por el subcomando 'edit'.\n"
+"Por favor use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' en cambio.\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:688
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "falló al borrar ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:690
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "falló al borrar ref NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:692
+msgid "failed to remove 'git notes merge' worktree"
+msgstr "no se pudo eliminar el árbol de trabajo 'git notes merge'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:712
+msgid "failed to read ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "falló al leer ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:714
+msgid "could not find commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "no se pudo encontrar commit de NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:716
+msgid "could not parse commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "no se pudo analizar commit de NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:729
+msgid "failed to resolve NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "falló al resolver NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:732
+msgid "failed to finalize notes merge"
+msgstr "falló al finalizar las notas de fusión"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown notes merge strategy %s"
+msgstr "estrategia de fusión de notas %s desconocida"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:774
+msgid "General options"
+msgstr "Opciones generales"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:776
+msgid "Merge options"
+msgstr "Opciones de fusión"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:778
+msgid ""
+"resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
+"cat_sort_uniq)"
+msgstr ""
+"resolver conflictos de notas usando la estrategia entregadas (manual/ours/"
+"theirs/union/cat_sort_uniq)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:780
+msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr "Realizando commit a las notas no fusionadas"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:782
+msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr ""
+"finalizar fusión de notas realizando un commit de las notas no fusionadas"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:784
+msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
+msgstr "Abortando notas de resolución de fusión"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:786
+msgid "abort notes merge"
+msgstr "abortar notas de fusión"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:797
+msgid "cannot mix --commit, --abort or -s/--strategy"
+msgstr "no se pueden mezclar --commit, --abort ó -s/--strategy"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:802
+msgid "must specify a notes ref to merge"
+msgstr "debe especificar una ref de notas a fusionar"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:826
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown -s/--strategy: %s"
+msgstr "--strategy/-s desconocida: %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:863
+#, c-format
+msgid "a notes merge into %s is already in-progress at %s"
+msgstr "una fusión de notas en %s ya está en progreso en %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to store link to current notes ref (%s)"
+msgstr "falló al guardar un link para el ref de notas actual (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:868
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Automatic notes merge failed. Fix conflicts in %s and commit the result with "
+"'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with 'git notes merge --"
+"abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Fusión automática de notas falló. Arregle conflictos en %s y realice un "
+"commit con el resultado 'git notes merge --commit', o aborte la fusión con "
+"'git notes merge --abort'.\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:890
+#, c-format
+msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
+msgstr "El objeto %s no tiene notas\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:902
+msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
+msgstr "intentar remover una nota no existente no es un error"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:905
+msgid "read object names from the standard input"
+msgstr "leer nombres de objetos de standard input"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:943 builtin/prune.c:107 builtin/worktree.c:151
+msgid "do not remove, show only"
+msgstr "no remover, solo mostrar"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:944
+msgid "report pruned notes"
+msgstr "reportar notas recortadas"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:986
+msgid "notes-ref"
+msgstr "referencia-de-notas"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:987
+msgid "use notes from <notes-ref>"
+msgstr "usar notas desde <referencia-de-notas>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1022
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "subcomando desconocido: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:48
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<options>...] [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<opciones>...] [< <lista-de-ref> | < <lista-de-"
+"objetos>]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:49
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects [<options>...] <base-name> [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git pack-objects [<opciones>...] <nombre-base> [< <lista-de-refs> | < <lista-"
+"de-objetos>]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:211 builtin/pack-objects.c:214
+#, c-format
+msgid "deflate error (%d)"
+msgstr "error al desinflar (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:810
+msgid "disabling bitmap writing, packs are split due to pack.packSizeLimit"
+msgstr ""
+"deshabilitando escritura bitmap, paquetes son divididos debido a pack."
+"packSizeLimit"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:823
+msgid "Writing objects"
+msgstr "Escribiendo objetos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1106
+msgid "disabling bitmap writing, as some objects are not being packed"
+msgstr ""
+"deshabilitando escritura bitmap, ya que algunos objetos no están siendo "
+"empaquetados"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1765
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "Contando objetos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1895
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to get size of %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo obtener el tamaño de %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1910
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse object header of %s"
+msgstr "incapaz de analizar header del objeto %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2564
+msgid "Compressing objects"
+msgstr "Comprimiendo objetos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2735
+msgid "invalid value for --missing"
+msgstr "valor inválido para --missing"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3067
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported index version %s"
+msgstr "versión de índice no soportada %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3071
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad index version '%s'"
+msgstr "mala versión del índice '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3102
+msgid "do not show progress meter"
+msgstr "no mostrar medidor de progreso"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3104
+msgid "show progress meter"
+msgstr "mostrar medidor de progreso"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3106
+msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
+msgstr "mostrar medidor de progreso durante la fase de escritura de objeto"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3109
+msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
+msgstr "similar a --all-progress cuando medidor de progreso es mostrado"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3110
+msgid "version[,offset]"
+msgstr "versión[,offset]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3111
+msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
+msgstr ""
+"escribir el índice de paquete en la versión de formato idx especificado"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3114
+msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
+msgstr "tamaño máximo de cada paquete resultante"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3116
+msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
+msgstr "ignorar objetos prestados de otros almacenes de objetos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3118
+msgid "ignore packed objects"
+msgstr "ignorar objetos paquete"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3120
+msgid "limit pack window by objects"
+msgstr "limitar ventana de paquete por objetos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3122
+msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
+msgstr "limitar ventana de paquete por memoria en adición a límite de objetos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3124
+msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
+msgstr "longitud máxima de cadena delta permitida en el paquete resultante"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3126
+msgid "reuse existing deltas"
+msgstr "reusar deltas existentes"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3128
+msgid "reuse existing objects"
+msgstr "reutilizar objetos existentes"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3130
+msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
+msgstr "usar objetos OFS_DELTA"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3132
+msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
+msgstr "usar hilos cuando se busque para mejores concordancias de delta"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3134
+msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
+msgstr "no crear un paquete resultante vacío"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3136
+msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
+msgstr "leer argumentos de revisión de standard input"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3138
+msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
+msgstr "limitar los objetos a aquellos que no han sido empaquetados todavía"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3141
+msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
+msgstr "incluir objetos alcanzables por cualquier referencia"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3144
+msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
+msgstr "incluir objetos referidos por entradas de reflog"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3147
+msgid "include objects referred to by the index"
+msgstr "incluir objetos referidos por el índice"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3150
+msgid "output pack to stdout"
+msgstr "mostrar paquete en stdout"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3152
+msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
+msgstr "incluir objetos tag que refieren a objetos a ser empaquetados"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3154
+msgid "keep unreachable objects"
+msgstr "mantener objetos inalcanzables"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3156
+msgid "pack loose unreachable objects"
+msgstr "empaquetar objetos sueltos inalcanzables"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3158
+msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
+msgstr "desempaquetar objetos inalcanzables más nuevos que <tiempo>"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3161
+msgid "create thin packs"
+msgstr "crear paquetes delgados"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3163
+msgid "create packs suitable for shallow fetches"
+msgstr "crear paquetes adecuados para fetches superficiales"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3165
+msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
+msgstr "ignorar paquetes que tienen un archivo .keep acompañante"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3167
+msgid "ignore this pack"
+msgstr "ignorar este paquete"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3169
+msgid "pack compression level"
+msgstr "nivel de compresión del paquete"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3171
+msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
+msgstr "no ocultar commits por injertos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3173
+msgid "use a bitmap index if available to speed up counting objects"
+msgstr ""
+"usar un índice bitmap si está disponible para acelerar la cuenta de objetos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3175
+msgid "write a bitmap index together with the pack index"
+msgstr "escribir un índice de bitmap junto al índice de paquete"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3178
+msgid "handling for missing objects"
+msgstr "manejo de objetos perdidos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3181
+msgid "do not pack objects in promisor packfiles"
+msgstr "no se puede empaquetar objetos en packfiles promisores"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3205
+#, c-format
+msgid "delta chain depth %d is too deep, forcing %d"
+msgstr "profundidad de cadena de delta %d es muy profunda, forzando %d"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3210
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack.deltaCacheLimit is too high, forcing %d"
+msgstr "pack.deltaCacheLimit es muy grande, forzando %d"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3338
+msgid "Enumerating objects"
+msgstr "Enumerando objetos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:7
+msgid "git pack-refs [<options>]"
+msgstr "git pack-refs [<opciones>]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
+msgid "pack everything"
+msgstr "empaquetar todo"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:16
+msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
+msgstr "recortar refs perdidos (default)"
+
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:8
+msgid "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
+msgstr "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
+
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:41
+msgid "Removing duplicate objects"
+msgstr "Removiendo objetos duplicados"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:11
+msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
+msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <tiempo>] [--] [<head>...]"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:108
+msgid "report pruned objects"
+msgstr "reportar objetos recortados"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:111
+msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
+msgstr "expirar objetos más viejos a <tiempo>"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:113
+msgid "limit traversal to objects outside promisor packfiles"
+msgstr "limitar el recorrido a objetos fuera de los paquetes del promisor"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:127
+msgid "cannot prune in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "no se puede recortar en un repositorio de objetos-preciosos"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:59 builtin/pull.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "Valor inválido para %s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:81
+msgid "git pull [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git pull [<opciones>] [<repositorio> [<especificación-de-referencia>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:132
+msgid "control for recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr "control de fetch recursivo en submódulos"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:136
+msgid "Options related to merging"
+msgstr "Opciones relacionadas a fusión"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:139
+msgid "incorporate changes by rebasing rather than merging"
+msgstr "incorporar cambios por rebase en lugar de fusión"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:166 builtin/rebase--helper.c:23 builtin/revert.c:121
+msgid "allow fast-forward"
+msgstr "permitir fast-forward"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:175
+msgid "automatically stash/stash pop before and after rebase"
+msgstr "ejecutar automáticamente stash/stash pop antes y después de rebase"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:191
+msgid "Options related to fetching"
+msgstr "Opciones relacionadas a fetch"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:209
+msgid "number of submodules pulled in parallel"
+msgstr "número de submódulos que realizan pull en paralelo"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for pull.ff: %s"
+msgstr "Valor inválido para pull.ff: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:420
+msgid ""
+"There is no candidate for rebasing against among the refs that you just "
+"fetched."
+msgstr "No hay candidato para rebasar entre las refs que has bajado con fetch."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:422
+msgid ""
+"There are no candidates for merging among the refs that you just fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"No hay candidatos para fusionar entre las refs que has bajado con fetch."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:423
+msgid ""
+"Generally this means that you provided a wildcard refspec which had no\n"
+"matches on the remote end."
+msgstr ""
+"Generalmente esto significa que has proveído un wildcard de refspec que no "
+"tiene\n"
+"concordancia en el final remoto."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:426
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You asked to pull from the remote '%s', but did not specify\n"
+"a branch. Because this is not the default configured remote\n"
+"for your current branch, you must specify a branch on the command line."
+msgstr ""
+"Se ha solicitado un pull del remoto '%s', pero no se ha especificado\n"
+"una rama. Porque este no es el remoto configurado por default\n"
+"para tu rama actual, tienes que especificar una rama en la línea de comando."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:431 git-parse-remote.sh:73
+msgid "You are not currently on a branch."
+msgstr "No te encuentras actualmente en la rama."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:433 builtin/pull.c:448 git-parse-remote.sh:79
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to rebase against."
+msgstr "Por favor especifica a qué rama quieres rebasar."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:435 builtin/pull.c:450 git-parse-remote.sh:82
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to merge with."
+msgstr "Por favor especifica a qué rama quieres fusionar."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:436 builtin/pull.c:451
+msgid "See git-pull(1) for details."
+msgstr "Ver git-pull(1) para detalles."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:438 builtin/pull.c:444 builtin/pull.c:453
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:64
+msgid "<remote>"
+msgstr "<remoto>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:438 builtin/pull.c:453 builtin/pull.c:458 git-rebase.sh:523
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:65
+msgid "<branch>"
+msgstr "<rama>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:446 git-parse-remote.sh:75
+msgid "There is no tracking information for the current branch."
+msgstr "No hay información de rastreo para la rama actual."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:455 git-parse-remote.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:"
+msgstr ""
+"Si deseas configurar el rastreo de información para esta rama, puedes "
+"hacerlo con:"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:460
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your configuration specifies to merge with the ref '%s'\n"
+"from the remote, but no such ref was fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Tu configuración especifica fusionar con la ref '%s'\n"
+"de tu remoto, pero no se pudo hacer fetch a esa ref."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:826
+msgid "ignoring --verify-signatures for rebase"
+msgstr "ignorando --verify-signatures para rebase"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:874
+msgid "--[no-]autostash option is only valid with --rebase."
+msgstr "La opción --[no-]autostash sólo es válida con --rebase."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:882
+msgid "Updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index."
+msgstr "Actualizando una rama no nata con cambios agregados al índice."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:885
+msgid "pull with rebase"
+msgstr "pull con rebase"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:886
+msgid "please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "por favor realiza un commit o un stash con ellos."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:911
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"commit %s."
+msgstr ""
+"fetch actualizó el head de la rama actual.\n"
+"realizando fast-forward al árbol de trabajo\n"
+"desde commit %s."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:916
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot fast-forward your working tree.\n"
+"After making sure that you saved anything precious from\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"output, run\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"to recover."
+msgstr ""
+"No se puede realizar fast-forward en tu árbol de trabajo.\n"
+"Tras asegurarse que ha guardado todo lo preciado de la salida de\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+",ejecute\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"para recuperar."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:931
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head."
+msgstr "No se puede fusionar múltiples ramas en un head vacío."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:935
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches."
+msgstr "No se puede rebasar en múltiples ramas."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:942
+msgid "cannot rebase with locally recorded submodule modifications"
+msgstr ""
+"no se puede rebasar con modificaciones de submódulos grabadas localmente"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:19
+msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git push [<opciones>] [<repositorio> [<especificaciones-de-referencia>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:111
+msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
+msgstr "taquigrafía de tag sin <tag>"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:121
+msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
+msgstr "--delete solo acepta como objetivos nombres de ref planos"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:165
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Para elegir si la opción es permanente, mira push.default en 'git help "
+"config'."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
+"the name of your current branch.  To push to the upstream branch\n"
+"on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+"\n"
+"To push to the branch of the same name on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s %s\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"La rama upstream de tu rama actual no concuerda\n"
+"con el nombre de tu rama actual. Para hacer un push a la rama upstream\n"
+"en el remoto, ejecuta\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+"\n"
+"Para hacer un push a la rama del mismo nombre en el remoto, ejecuta\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push %s %s\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:183
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are not currently on a branch.\n"
+"To push the history leading to the current (detached HEAD)\n"
+"state now, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Actualmente no estás en una rama.\n"
+"Para hacer un push a la historia que lleva al estado actual\n"
+"(HEAD desacoplado), use\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push %s HEAD:<nombre-de-rama-remota>\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:197
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
+"To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"La rama actual %s no tiene una rama upstream.\n"
+"Para realizar un push de la rama actual y configurar el remoto como "
+"upstream, use\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
+msgstr "La rama actual %s tiene múltiples ramas upstream, rechazando el push."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
+"your current branch '%s', without telling me what to push\n"
+"to update which remote branch."
+msgstr ""
+"Está haciendo un push al remoto '%s', el cual no es el upstream de\n"
+"su rama actual '%s', sin decirme qué poner en el push\n"
+"para actualizar en qué rama de remoto."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:267
+msgid ""
+"You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
+msgstr ""
+"No se especificó ningún refspecs para hacer push, y push.default es \"nada\"."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:274
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
+"its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.\n"
+"'git pull ...') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Actualizaciones fueron rechazadas porque la punta de tu rama actual esta\n"
+"detrás de su contraparte remota. Integra los cambios remotos (es decir\n"
+"'git pull ...') antes de hacer push de nuevo.\n"
+"Mira 'Note about fast-forwards' en 'git push --help' para mas detalles."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:280
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+"counterpart. Check out this branch and integrate the remote changes\n"
+"(e.g. 'git pull ...') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Actualizaciones fueron rechazadas porque una punta de rama en el push está \n"
+"detrás de su contraparte remota. Verifique esta rama e integre los cambios "
+"remotos\n"
+"(ejem. 'git pull ...') antes de volver a hacer push.\n"
+"Vea las 'Notes about fast-forwards' en 'git push --help' para más detalles."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:286
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
+"not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
+"to the same ref. You may want to first integrate the remote changes\n"
+"(e.g., 'git pull ...') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Actualizaciones fueron rechazadas porque el remoto contiene trabajo que\n"
+"no existe localmente. Esto es causado usualmente por otro repositorio \n"
+"realizando push a la misma ref. Quizás quiera integrar primero los cambios\n"
+"remotos (ej. 'git pull ...') antes de volver a hacer push.\n"
+"Vea 'Notes about fast-forwards0 en 'git push --help' para detalles."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:293
+msgid "Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote."
+msgstr ""
+"Actualizaciones fueron rechazadas porque el tag ya existe en el remoto."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:296
+msgid ""
+"You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
+"or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
+"without using the '--force' option.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"No puede actualizar un ref remoto que apunta a un objeto no-commit,\n"
+"o actualizar un ref remoto para hacer que  apunte a un objeto no-commit,\n"
+"sin usar la opción '--force'.\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
+msgstr "Haciendo push a %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
+msgstr "falló el push de algunas referencias a '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:395
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad repository '%s'"
+msgstr "mal repositorio '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:396
+msgid ""
+"No configured push destination.\n"
+"Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
+"repository using\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <name> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"and then push using the remote name\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <name>\n"
+msgstr ""
+"No se ha configurado un destino para el push.\n"
+"Puedes o especificar una URL desde la línea de comandos o configurar un "
+"repositorio remoto usando\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <nombre> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"y luego haciendo push al nombre del remoto\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <nombre>\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:551
+msgid "repository"
+msgstr "repositorio"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:552 builtin/send-pack.c:164
+msgid "push all refs"
+msgstr "realizar push a todas las refs"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:553 builtin/send-pack.c:166
+msgid "mirror all refs"
+msgstr "realizar mirror a todas las refs"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:555
+msgid "delete refs"
+msgstr "borrar refs"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:556
+msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
+msgstr "realizar push a tags (no puede ser usado con --all o --mirror)"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:559 builtin/send-pack.c:167
+msgid "force updates"
+msgstr "forzar actualizaciones"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:561 builtin/send-pack.c:181
+msgid "refname>:<expect"
+msgstr "refname>:<expect"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:562 builtin/send-pack.c:182
+msgid "require old value of ref to be at this value"
+msgstr "requiere haber valor viejo de ref en este valor"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:565
+msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
+msgstr "controlar push recursivo de submódulos"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:567 builtin/send-pack.c:175
+msgid "use thin pack"
+msgstr "usar empaquetado delgado"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:568 builtin/push.c:569 builtin/send-pack.c:161
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:162
+msgid "receive pack program"
+msgstr "recibir programa de paquete"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:570
+msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
+msgstr "configurar upstream para git pulll/status"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:573
+msgid "prune locally removed refs"
+msgstr "recortando refs removidas localmente"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:575
+msgid "bypass pre-push hook"
+msgstr "hacer un bypass al hook pre-push"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:576
+msgid "push missing but relevant tags"
+msgstr "realizar push de tags faltantes pero relevantes"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:579 builtin/send-pack.c:169
+msgid "GPG sign the push"
+msgstr "Firmar con GPG el push"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:581 builtin/send-pack.c:176
+msgid "request atomic transaction on remote side"
+msgstr "solicitar transacción atómica en el lado remoto"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:599
+msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
+msgstr "--delete es incompatible con --all, --mirror y --tags"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:601
+msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
+msgstr "--delete no tiene sentido sin ninguna referencia"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:604
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all y --tags son incompatibles"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:606
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--all no puede ser combinada con refspecs"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:610
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--mirror y --tags son incompatibles"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:612
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--mirror no puede ser combinado con refspecs"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:615
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all y --mirror son incompatibles"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:634
+msgid "push options must not have new line characters"
+msgstr "opciones de push no pueden tener caracteres de línea nueva"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:40
+msgid ""
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>) "
+"[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
+"index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
+msgstr ""
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --"
+"prefix=<prefijo>) [-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-"
+"sparse-checkout] [--index-output=<archivo>] (--empty | <árbol-ismo1> [<árbol-"
+"ismo2> [<árbol-ismo3>]])"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:120
+msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
+msgstr "escribir índice resultante en <archivo>"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
+msgid "only empty the index"
+msgstr "solo vaciar el índice"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:125
+msgid "Merging"
+msgstr "Fusionando"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:127
+msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
+msgstr "realizar un merge en adición a una lectura"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:129
+msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
+msgstr "fusión de 3-vías si no se requiere ninguna fusión a nivel de archivo"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:131
+msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
+msgstr "fusión en 3-vías en presencia de adiciones y remociones"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:133
+msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
+msgstr "igual que -m, pero descarta entradas sin fusionar"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
+msgid "<subdirectory>/"
+msgstr "<subdirectorio>/"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
+msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
+msgstr "lea el árbol en el índice bajo <subdirectorio>/"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:138
+msgid "update working tree with merge result"
+msgstr "actualiza el árbol de trabajo con el resultado de la fusión"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:140
+msgid "gitignore"
+msgstr "gitignore"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:141
+msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
+msgstr "permitir sobrescritura de archivos explícitamente ignorados"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:144
+msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
+msgstr "no revisar el árbol de trabajo tras fusionar"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:145
+msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
+msgstr "no actualizar el índice o el árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:147
+msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
+msgstr "saltar aplicado de filtro de sparse checkout"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:149
+msgid "debug unpack-trees"
+msgstr "debug de árboles-desempacados"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:8
+msgid "git rebase--helper [<options>]"
+msgstr "git rebase--helper [<opciones>]"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:24
+msgid "keep empty commits"
+msgstr "mantener commits vacíos"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:26 builtin/revert.c:123
+msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
+msgstr "permitir commits con mensajes vacíos"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:27
+msgid "rebase merge commits"
+msgstr "rebasando commits de fusión"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:29
+msgid "keep original branch points of cousins"
+msgstr "mantener puntos originales de la rama de sus primos"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:30
+msgid "continue rebase"
+msgstr "continuar rebase"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:32
+msgid "abort rebase"
+msgstr "abortar rebase"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:35
+msgid "make rebase script"
+msgstr "generar script de rebase"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:37
+msgid "shorten commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "ids de commits cortos en la lista de pendientes"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:39
+msgid "expand commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "expandir ids de commits en la lista de pendientes"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:41
+msgid "check the todo list"
+msgstr "revisar la lista de pendientes"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:43
+msgid "skip unnecessary picks"
+msgstr "saltar los picks innecesarios"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:45
+msgid "rearrange fixup/squash lines"
+msgstr "reorganizar líneas fixup/squash"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:47
+msgid "insert exec commands in todo list"
+msgstr "insertar comando exec en la lista de pendientes"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:68
+msgid "--[no-]rebase-cousins has no effect without --rebase-merges"
+msgstr "--[no-]rebase-cousins no tiene efecto sin --rebase-merges"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:31
+msgid "git receive-pack <git-dir>"
+msgstr "git receive-pack <git-dir>"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:842
+msgid ""
+"By default, updating the current branch in a non-bare repository\n"
+"is denied, because it will make the index and work tree inconsistent\n"
+"with what you pushed, and will require 'git reset --hard' to match\n"
+"the work tree to HEAD.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set the 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable\n"
+"to 'ignore' or 'warn' in the remote repository to allow pushing into\n"
+"its current branch; however, this is not recommended unless you\n"
+"arranged to update its work tree to match what you pushed in some\n"
+"other way.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message and still keep the default behaviour, set\n"
+"'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"Por defecto, actualizar la rama actual en un repositorio no vacío\n"
+"está denegado, porque eso haría el índice y el árbol de trabajo "
+"inconsistentes\n"
+"con lo que ya se ha hecho push, y requeriría 'git reset --hard' para "
+"arreglar\n"
+"el árbol de trabajo con HEAD.\n"
+"\n"
+"Puede configurar la variable de configuración 'receive.denyCurrentBranch'\n"
+"\"ignore\" o \"warn\" en el repositorio remoto para permitir\n"
+"su rama actual; Sin embargo, esto no se recomienda a menos que usted\n"
+"se haya organizado para actualizar su árbol de trabajo para que coincida con "
+"lo que\n"
+"enviará con el push de otra manera.\n"
+"\n"
+"Para suprimir este mensaje y mantener el comportamiento predeterminado,\n"
+"configure 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' a 'refuse'."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:862
+msgid ""
+"By default, deleting the current branch is denied, because the next\n"
+"'git clone' won't result in any file checked out, causing confusion.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' configuration variable to\n"
+"'warn' or 'ignore' in the remote repository to allow deleting the\n"
+"current branch, with or without a warning message.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message, you can set it to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"Por defecto, borrar la rama actual está prohibido, porque el siguiente\n"
+"'git clone' no resultara en ningún archivo revisado, causando confusión.\n"
+"\n"
+"Se puede configurar la variable 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' a 'warn' o "
+"'ignore'\n"
+"en el repositorio remoto para permitir borrar la rama actual.\n"
+"con o sin mensaje de advertencia.\n"
+"\n"
+"Para suprimir este mensaje, puede configurarlo en 'refuse'."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1935
+msgid "quiet"
+msgstr "tranquilo"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1949
+msgid "You must specify a directory."
+msgstr "Se tiene que especificar un directorio."
+
+#: builtin/reflog.c:532 builtin/reflog.c:537
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid timestamp"
+msgstr "'%s' no es una marca de tiempo válida"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:14
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
+"mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr ""
+"git remote add [-t <rama>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
+"mirror=<fetch|push>] <nombre> <url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:16 builtin/remote.c:36
+msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
+msgstr "git remote rename <viejo> <nuevo>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:17 builtin/remote.c:41
+msgid "git remote remove <name>"
+msgstr "git remote remove <nombre>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:18 builtin/remote.c:46
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
+msgstr "git remote set-head <nombre> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <rama>)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:19
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <nombre>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:20
+msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <nombre>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:21
+msgid ""
+"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<grupo> | <remoto>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:22
+msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches [--add] <nombre> <rama>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:72
+msgid "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <nombre>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:24 builtin/remote.c:77
+msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
+msgstr "git remote set-url [--push] <nombre> <nuevo-url> [<viejo-url>]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:25 builtin/remote.c:78
+msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
+msgstr "git remote set-url --add <nombre> <nuevo-url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:26 builtin/remote.c:79
+msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
+msgstr "git remote set-url --delete <nombre> <url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:31
+msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr "git remote add [<opciones>] <nombre> <url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:51
+msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches <nombre> <rama>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:52
+msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches --add <nombre> <rama>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:57
+msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote show [<opciones>] <nombre>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:62
+msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote prune [<opciones>] <nombre>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:67
+msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
+msgstr "git remote update [<opciones>] [<grupo> | <remoto>]..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:96
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s"
+msgstr "Actualizando %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:128
+msgid ""
+"--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
+"\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
+msgstr ""
+"Usar --mirror es peligroso y está desaprobado;\n"
+"\t usa más bien --mirror=fetch o --mirror=push"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
+msgstr "argumento mirror desconocido: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:161
+msgid "fetch the remote branches"
+msgstr "realizar fetch a las ramas remotas"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:163
+msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
+msgstr "importar todos los tags y objetos asociados cuando realiza el fetch"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:166
+msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
+msgstr "o no realziar fetch a ningún tag (--no-tags)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:168
+msgid "branch(es) to track"
+msgstr "rama(s) para rastrear"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:169
+msgid "master branch"
+msgstr "rama master"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:170
+msgid "push|fetch"
+msgstr "push|fetch"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:171
+msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
+msgstr ""
+"configurar remote como mirror para realizar push o desde el cual realizar "
+"fetch"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:183
+msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
+msgstr "especificar una rama master no tiene sentido con --mirror"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:185
+msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
+msgstr "especificar ramas para rastrear solo tiene sentido con fetch mirrors"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:192 builtin/remote.c:634
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote %s already exists."
+msgstr "remoto %s ya existe."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:196 builtin/remote.c:638
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
+msgstr "'%s' no es un nombre remoto válido"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
+msgstr "No se pudo configurar master '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:342
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
+msgstr "No se pudo realizar el fetch al mapa para refspec %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:441 builtin/remote.c:449
+msgid "(matching)"
+msgstr "(concordando)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:453
+msgid "(delete)"
+msgstr "(eliminar)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:627 builtin/remote.c:762 builtin/remote.c:861
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote: %s"
+msgstr "No existe el remoto: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:644
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "No se pudo renombrar la sección de configuración '%s' a '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:664
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"\tPlease update the configuration manually if necessary."
+msgstr ""
+"No se actualizan refspec de fetch no predeterminada\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"\tPor favor actualice la configuración manualmente si es necesario."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:700
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
+msgstr "borrando '%s' falló"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:734
+#, c-format
+msgid "creating '%s' failed"
+msgstr "creando '%s' falló"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:799
+msgid ""
+"Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
+"to delete it, use:"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Note: Some branches outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy were not removed;\n"
+"to delete them, use:"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Nota: Una rama fuera de la jerarquía refs/remotes/ no fue removida;\n"
+"para borrarla, use:"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Nota: Algunas ramas fuera de la jerarquía refs/remotes/ no fueron "
+"removidas;\n"
+"para borrarlas, use:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:813
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr "No se pudo borrar la sección de configuración '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:914
+#, c-format
+msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
+msgstr " nuevo (siguiente fetch se guardará en remotes/%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:917
+msgid " tracked"
+msgstr " rastreada"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:919
+msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
+msgstr " viejo ( use 'git remote prune' para remover)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:921
+msgid " ???"
+msgstr " ???"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:962
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
+msgstr "invalido branch.%s.merge; no se puede rebasar en > 1 rama"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively onto remote %s"
+msgstr "rebasa interactivamente en remoto %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively (with merges) onto remote %s"
+msgstr "rebasa interactivamente (con fusiones) en remoto %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:976
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
+msgstr "rebasa sobre el remoto %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:980
+#, c-format
+msgid " merges with remote %s"
+msgstr " se fusiona con remoto %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "merges with remote %s"
+msgstr "fusiona con remoto %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:986
+#, c-format
+msgid "%-*s    and with remote %s\n"
+msgstr "%-*s y con el remoto %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1029
+msgid "create"
+msgstr "crear"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1032
+msgid "delete"
+msgstr "borrar"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1036
+msgid "up to date"
+msgstr "actualizado"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1039
+msgid "fast-forwardable"
+msgstr "puede realizar fast-forward"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1042
+msgid "local out of date"
+msgstr "desactualizado local"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1049
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr "    %-*s fuerza a %-*s (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1052
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr "    %-*s publica a %-*s (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1056
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
+msgstr "    %-*s fuerza a %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1059
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
+msgstr "    %-*s publica a %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1127
+msgid "do not query remotes"
+msgstr "no consultar remotos"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1154
+#, c-format
+msgid "* remote %s"
+msgstr "* remoto %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1155
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
+msgstr "  URL  para obtener: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1156 builtin/remote.c:1172 builtin/remote.c:1311
+msgid "(no URL)"
+msgstr "(sin URL)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon ':' should align
+#. with the one in " Fetch URL: %s"
+#. translation.
+#.
+#: builtin/remote.c:1170 builtin/remote.c:1172
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
+msgstr "  URL para publicar: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1174 builtin/remote.c:1176 builtin/remote.c:1178
+#, c-format
+msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
+msgstr "  Rama HEAD: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1174
+msgid "(not queried)"
+msgstr "(no consultado)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1176
+msgid "(unknown)"
+msgstr "(desconocido)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1180
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
+msgstr ""
+"  HEAD en rama ( HEAD remoto es ambiguo, puede ser uno de los siguientes):\n"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1192
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
+msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
+msgstr[0] "  Rama remota:%s"
+msgstr[1] "  Ramas remotas:%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1195 builtin/remote.c:1221
+msgid " (status not queried)"
+msgstr " (estado no consultado)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1204
+msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
+msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
+msgstr[0] "  Rama local configurada para 'git pull':"
+msgstr[1] "  Ramas locales configuradas para 'git pull':"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1212
+msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
+msgstr "  Las referencias locales serán reflejadas por 'git push'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1218
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgstr[0] "  Referencia local configurada para 'git push'%s:"
+msgstr[1] "  Referencias locales configuradas para 'git push'%s:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1239
+msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
+msgstr "configurar refs/remotes/<nombre>/HEAD de acuerdo al remoto"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1241
+msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
+msgstr "borrar refs/remotos/<nombre>/HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1256
+msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
+msgstr "No se puede determinar el HEAD remoto"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1258
+msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
+msgstr "Múltiples ramas HEAD remotas. Por favor escoja una explícitamente con:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1268
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not delete %s"
+msgstr "No se pudo borrar %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1276
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
+msgstr "No es un ref válido: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1278
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup %s"
+msgstr "No se pudo configurar %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1296
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s will become dangling!"
+msgstr " %s será colgado!"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1297
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s has become dangling!"
+msgstr " %s ha sido colgado!"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1307
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pruning %s"
+msgstr "Recortando %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1308
+#, c-format
+msgid "URL: %s"
+msgstr "URL: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1324
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [would prune] %s"
+msgstr " * [ejecutará prune] %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1327
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [pruned] %s"
+msgstr " * [prune realizado] %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1372
+msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
+msgstr "recortar remotos tras realizar fetch"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1435 builtin/remote.c:1489 builtin/remote.c:1557
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote '%s'"
+msgstr "No existe el remoto '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1451
+msgid "add branch"
+msgstr "agregar rama"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1458
+msgid "no remote specified"
+msgstr "no hay remotos especificados"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1475
+msgid "query push URLs rather than fetch URLs"
+msgstr "consultar URLs de push en lugar de URLs de fetch"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1477
+msgid "return all URLs"
+msgstr "retornar todos los URLs"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1505
+#, c-format
+msgid "no URLs configured for remote '%s'"
+msgstr "no hay URLs configurados para remoto '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1531
+msgid "manipulate push URLs"
+msgstr "manipular URLs de push"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1533
+msgid "add URL"
+msgstr "agregar URL"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1535
+msgid "delete URLs"
+msgstr "borrar URLs"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1542
+msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
+msgstr "--add --delete no tiene sentido"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1581
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
+msgstr "Patrón de URL viejo inválido: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1589
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such URL found: %s"
+msgstr "No se encontró URL: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1591
+msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
+msgstr "No borrará todos los URLs de no-push"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1607
+msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
+msgstr "ser verboso; tiene que ser agregado antes de un subcomando"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1638
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "Sub-comando desconocido: %s"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:18
+msgid "git repack [<options>]"
+msgstr "git repack [<opciones>]"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:23
+msgid ""
+"Incremental repacks are incompatible with bitmap indexes.  Use\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index or disable the pack.writebitmaps configuration."
+msgstr ""
+"Re empaquetados incrementales son incompatibles con índices bitmap. Use \n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index o deshabilite la configuración pack.writebitmaps."
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:180
+msgid "pack everything in a single pack"
+msgstr "empaquetar todo en un único paquete"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:182
+msgid "same as -a, and turn unreachable objects loose"
+msgstr "lo mismo que -a, y pierde objetos inaccesibles"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:185
+msgid "remove redundant packs, and run git-prune-packed"
+msgstr "remover paquetes redundantes, y ejecutar git-prune-packed"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:187
+msgid "pass --no-reuse-delta to git-pack-objects"
+msgstr "pasar --no-reuse-delta a git-pack-objects"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:189
+msgid "pass --no-reuse-object to git-pack-objects"
+msgstr "pasar --no-reuse-object a git-pack-objects"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:191
+msgid "do not run git-update-server-info"
+msgstr "no ejecutar git-update-server-info"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:194
+msgid "pass --local to git-pack-objects"
+msgstr "pasar --local a git-pack-objects"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:196
+msgid "write bitmap index"
+msgstr "escribir un índice de bitmap"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:197
+msgid "approxidate"
+msgstr "aproxime"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:198
+msgid "with -A, do not loosen objects older than this"
+msgstr "con -A, no perder objetos más antiguos que este"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:200
+msgid "with -a, repack unreachable objects"
+msgstr "con -a, re empaquetar objetos inalcanzables"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:202
+msgid "size of the window used for delta compression"
+msgstr "tamaño de la ventana usado para la compresión delta"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:203 builtin/repack.c:209
+msgid "bytes"
+msgstr "bytes"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:204
+msgid "same as the above, but limit memory size instead of entries count"
+msgstr ""
+"lo mismo que arriba, pero limita el tamaño de memoria en lugar de contar "
+"entradas"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:206
+msgid "limits the maximum delta depth"
+msgstr "limita la profundidad máxima del delta"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:208
+msgid "limits the maximum number of threads"
+msgstr "limita el número máximo de hilos"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:210
+msgid "maximum size of each packfile"
+msgstr "tamaño máximo de cada paquete"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:212
+msgid "repack objects in packs marked with .keep"
+msgstr "re-empaquetar objetos en paquetes marcados con .keep"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:214
+msgid "do not repack this pack"
+msgstr "no reempaquetar este paquete"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:224
+msgid "cannot delete packs in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "no se pueden borrar paquetes en un repositorio de objetos-preciosos"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:228
+msgid "--keep-unreachable and -A are incompatible"
+msgstr "--keep-unreachable y -A son incompatibles"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:425 builtin/worktree.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al remover '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:22
+msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] <objeto> <remplazo>"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:23
+msgid "git replace [-f] --edit <object>"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] --edit <objeto>"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:24
+msgid "git replace [-f] --graft <commit> [<parent>...]"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] --graft <commit> [<padre>...]"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:25
+msgid "git replace [-f] --convert-graft-file"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] --convert-graft-file"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:26
+msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
+msgstr "git replace -d <objeto>..."
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:27
+msgid "git replace [--format=<format>] [-l [<pattern>]]"
+msgstr "git replace [--format=<formato>] [-l [<patrón>]]"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:371 builtin/replace.c:415 builtin/replace.c:445
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'"
+msgstr "Nombre de objeto no válido: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:407
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad mergetag in commit '%s'"
+msgstr "mal mergetag en commit '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:409
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed mergetag in commit '%s'"
+msgstr "mergetag mal formado en commit '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:421
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"original commit '%s' contains mergetag '%s' that is discarded; use --edit "
+"instead of --graft"
+msgstr ""
+"commit original '%s' contiene un mergetag '%s' que es descartado; use --edit "
+"en lugar de --graft"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:460
+#, c-format
+msgid "the original commit '%s' has a gpg signature."
+msgstr "el commit original '%s' tiene una firma gpg."
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:461
+msgid "the signature will be removed in the replacement commit!"
+msgstr "la firma será removida en el commit de reemplazo!"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:471
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write replacement commit for: '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo escribir el commit de reemplazo: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:514
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not convert the following graft(s):\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"no se pudo convertir el siguiente graft(s):\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:535
+msgid "list replace refs"
+msgstr "listar replace refs"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:536
+msgid "delete replace refs"
+msgstr "borrar replace refs"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:537
+msgid "edit existing object"
+msgstr "editar objeto existente"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:538
+msgid "change a commit's parents"
+msgstr "cambiar un padre de commit"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:539
+msgid "convert existing graft file"
+msgstr "convertir archivo graft existente"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:540
+msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
+msgstr "reemplazar el ref si este existe"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:542
+msgid "do not pretty-print contents for --edit"
+msgstr "no se puede imprimir contenidos para --edit"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:543
+msgid "use this format"
+msgstr "usar este formato"
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:13
+msgid "git rerere [clear | forget <path>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+msgstr "git rerere [clear | forget <ruta>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:59
+msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
+msgstr "registrar resoluciones limpias en el índice"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:29
+msgid ""
+"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:30
+msgid "git reset [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git reset [-q] [<árbol-ismo>] [--] <rutas>..."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:31
+msgid "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"
+msgstr "git reset --patch [<árbol-ismo>] [--] [<rutas>...]"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
+msgid "mixed"
+msgstr "mezclado"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
+msgid "soft"
+msgstr "suave"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
+msgid "hard"
+msgstr "duro"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
+msgid "merge"
+msgstr "fusionar"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
+msgid "keep"
+msgstr "mantener"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:78
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
+msgstr "No hay un HEAD válido."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:80
+msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
+msgstr "Falló al encontrar el HEAD del árbol."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:86
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
+msgstr "Falló al encontrar árbol de %s."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
+msgstr "HEAD está ahora en %s"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:189
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
+msgstr "No se puede realziar un reset %s  en medio de una fusión."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:289
+msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
+msgstr "ser silencioso, solo reportar errores"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:291
+msgid "reset HEAD and index"
+msgstr "reiniciar HEAD e index"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:292
+msgid "reset only HEAD"
+msgstr "reiniciar solo HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:294 builtin/reset.c:296
+msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
+msgstr "reiniciar HEAD, índice y árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:298
+msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
+msgstr "reiniciar HEAD pero mantener cambios locales"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:304
+msgid "record only the fact that removed paths will be added later"
+msgstr ""
+"grabar solo el hecho de que las rutas removidas serán agregadas después"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:321
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."
+msgstr "Falló al resolver '%s' como una revisión válida."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."
+msgstr "Falló al resolver '%s' como un árbol válido."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:338
+msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+msgstr "--patch es incompatible con --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:347
+msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--mixed con rutas ha sido deprecado; use 'git reset -- <rutas>' en cambio."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:349
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
+msgstr "No se puede hacer un reset %s con rutas."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:359
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
+msgstr "%s reset no está permitido en un repositorio vacío"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:363
+msgid "-N can only be used with --mixed"
+msgstr "-N sólo puede ser usada con --mixed"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:380
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr "Cambios fuera del área de stage tras el reset:"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:386
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
+msgstr "No se puede reiniciar el índice a la revisión '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:390
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr "No se puede escribir un nuevo archivo índice."
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:397
+msgid "cannot combine --exclude-promisor-objects and --missing"
+msgstr "no se puede combinar --exclude-promisor-objects y --missing"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:455
+msgid "object filtering requires --objects"
+msgstr "filtrado de objetos requiere --objects"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:458
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid sparse value '%s'"
+msgstr "valor disperso inválido: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:499
+msgid "rev-list does not support display of notes"
+msgstr "rev-list no soporta mostrar notas"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:502
+msgid "cannot combine --use-bitmap-index with object filtering"
+msgstr "no se puede combinar --use-bitmap-index con objetos de filtrado"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:406
+msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]"
+msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [<opciones>] -- [<args>...]"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:411
+msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
+msgstr "mantener el `--` pasado como un arg"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:413
+msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
+msgstr "detener análisis tras el primer argumento que no es opción"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:416
+msgid "output in stuck long form"
+msgstr "salida en formulario largo de atasco"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:549
+msgid ""
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [<options>] [<arg>...]\n"
+"\n"
+"Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
+msgstr ""
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<opciones>] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [<opciones>] [<arg>...]\n"
+"\n"
+"Ejecute \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" para más información sobre el primer "
+"uso."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:23
+msgid "git revert [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git revert [<opciones>] <commit-ish>..."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:24
+msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
+msgstr "git revert <subcomando>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:29
+msgid "git cherry-pick [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git cherry-pick [<opciones>] <commit-ish>..."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:30
+msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
+msgstr "git cherry-pick <subcomando>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s no puede ser usado con %s"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:99
+msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "finalizar secuencia revert o cherry-pick"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:100
+msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "resumir secuencia revert o cherry-pick"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:101
+msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "cancelar secuencia revert o cherry-pick"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:102
+msgid "don't automatically commit"
+msgstr "no realizar commit de forma automática"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:103
+msgid "edit the commit message"
+msgstr "editar el mensaje de commit"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:106
+msgid "parent-number"
+msgstr "número-de-padre"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:107
+msgid "select mainline parent"
+msgstr "seleccionar el padre principal"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
+msgid "merge strategy"
+msgstr "estrategia de fusión"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:110
+msgid "option"
+msgstr "opción"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:111
+msgid "option for merge strategy"
+msgstr "opción para estrategia de fusión"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:120
+msgid "append commit name"
+msgstr "adjuntar el nombre del commit"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:122
+msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
+msgstr "preservar commits iniciales vacíos"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:124
+msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
+msgstr "mantener commits redundantes, vacíos"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:214
+msgid "revert failed"
+msgstr "falló al revertir"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:227
+msgid "cherry-pick failed"
+msgstr "cherry-pick falló"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:18
+msgid "git rm [<options>] [--] <file>..."
+msgstr "git rm [<opciones>] [--] <archivo>..."
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:206
+msgid ""
+"the following file has staged content different from both the\n"
+"file and the HEAD:"
+msgid_plural ""
+"the following files have staged content different from both the\n"
+"file and the HEAD:"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"el siguiente archivo tiene contenido en stage diferente al archivo\n"
+"y a HEAD:"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"los siguientes archivos tienen contenido diferente a los mismos\n"
+"y a HEAD:"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:211
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"(use -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"(usa -f para forzar su eliminación)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:215
+msgid "the following file has changes staged in the index:"
+msgid_plural "the following files have changes staged in the index:"
+msgstr[0] "el siguiente archivo tiene cambios en stage en el índice:"
+msgstr[1] "los siguientes archivos tienen cambios en stage en el índice:"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:219 builtin/rm.c:228
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"(usa --cached para conservar el archivo, o -f para forzar su eliminación)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:225
+msgid "the following file has local modifications:"
+msgid_plural "the following files have local modifications:"
+msgstr[0] "el siguiente archivo tiene modificaciones locales:"
+msgstr[1] "los siguientes archivos tienen modificaciones locales:"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:241
+msgid "do not list removed files"
+msgstr "no listar archivos removidos"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:242
+msgid "only remove from the index"
+msgstr "solo remover del índice"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:243
+msgid "override the up-to-date check"
+msgstr "sobrescribir el check de actualizado"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:244
+msgid "allow recursive removal"
+msgstr "permitir remover de forma recursiva"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:246
+msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
+msgstr "salir con estado cero incluso si nada coincide"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
+msgstr "no removiendo '%s' de manera recursiva sin -r"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:345
+#, c-format
+msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
+msgstr "git rm: no es posible remover %s"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:368
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo remover '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:20
+msgid ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<host>:]<directory> "
+"[<ref>...]\n"
+"  --all and explicit <ref> specification are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<host>:]<directory> "
+"[<ref>...]\n"
+"  --all y especificaciones <ref> explícitas son mutuamente exclusivas."
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:163
+msgid "remote name"
+msgstr "nombre remoto"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:177
+msgid "use stateless RPC protocol"
+msgstr "usar protocolo RPC sin estado"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:178
+msgid "read refs from stdin"
+msgstr "leer refs de stdin"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:179
+msgid "print status from remote helper"
+msgstr "mostrar status del remote helper"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:7
+msgid "git serve [<options>]"
+msgstr "git serve [<opciones>]"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:17 builtin/upload-pack.c:23
+msgid "quit after a single request/response exchange"
+msgstr "sale después de un intercambio petición/respuesta único"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:19
+msgid "exit immediately after advertising capabilities"
+msgstr "salir inmediatamente tras anunciar capacidades"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:14
+msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git shortlog [<opciones>] [<rango-de-revisión>] [[--] <ruta>...]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:15
+msgid "git log --pretty=short | git shortlog [<options>]"
+msgstr "git log --pretty=short | git shorlog [<opciones>]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:264
+msgid "Group by committer rather than author"
+msgstr "Agrupar por committer en lugar de autor"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:266
+msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
+msgstr "ordenar salida de acuerdo al número de commits por autor"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:268
+msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
+msgstr "Suprimir descripción de commits, solo proveer cuenta de commits"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:270
+msgid "Show the email address of each author"
+msgstr "Mostrar la dirección de correo de cada autor"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:271
+msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
+msgstr "w[,i1[,i2]]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:272
+msgid "Linewrap output"
+msgstr "Salida de línea"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:298
+msgid "too many arguments given outside repository"
+msgstr "demasiados argumentos dados fuera del repositorio"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:12
+msgid ""
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"\t\t[--current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
+"\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
+"\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <glob>)...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"\t\t[--current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
+"\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
+"\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <glob>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:16
+msgid "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d ref"
+msgid_plural "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "ignorando %s; no se puede manejar más de %d ref"
+msgstr[1] "ignorando %s; no se puede manejar más de %d refs"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "no matching refs with %s"
+msgstr "no hay refs que concuerden con %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:626
+msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr "mostrar ramas locales y de rastreo remoto"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:628
+msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "mostrar ramas de rastreo remoto"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:630
+msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
+msgstr "color '*!+-' correspondiendo a la rama"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:632
+msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
+msgstr "mostrar <n> commits más tras encontrar el ancestro común"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:634
+msgid "synonym to more=-1"
+msgstr "sinónimo de más=-1"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:635
+msgid "suppress naming strings"
+msgstr "suprimir strings de nombre"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:637
+msgid "include the current branch"
+msgstr "incluir la rama actual"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:639
+msgid "name commits with their object names"
+msgstr "nombrar commits con sus nombres de objeto"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:641
+msgid "show possible merge bases"
+msgstr "mostrar bases de fusión posibles"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:643
+msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
+msgstr "mostrar refs inalcanzables por ningún otro ref"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:645
+msgid "show commits in topological order"
+msgstr "mostrar commits en orden topológico"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:648
+msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
+msgstr "mostrar solo commits que no están en la primera rama"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:650
+msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
+msgstr "mostrar fusiones alcanzables solo por una punta"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
+msgid "topologically sort, maintaining date order where possible"
+msgstr "orden topológico, manteniendo el orden de fechas donde sea posible"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
+msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
+msgstr "<n>[,<base>]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
+msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
+msgstr "mostrar <n> entradas más recientes de ref-log comenzando desde la base"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:690
+msgid ""
+"--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, --independent or --merge-base"
+msgstr ""
+"--reflog no es compatible con --all, --remotes, --independent o --merge-base"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:714
+msgid "no branches given, and HEAD is not valid"
+msgstr "no se dieron ramas, y el HEAD no es válido"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:717
+msgid "--reflog option needs one branch name"
+msgstr "opción --reflog necesita un nombre de rama"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "only %d entry can be shown at one time."
+msgid_plural "only %d entries can be shown at one time."
+msgstr[0] "solo %d entrada puede ser mostrada a la vez."
+msgstr[1] "solo %d entradas pueden ser mostradas a la vez."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:724
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such ref %s"
+msgstr "no existe el ref %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d rev."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d revs."
+msgstr[0] "no se puede manejar más de %d rev."
+msgstr[1] "no se puede manejar más de %d revs."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:812
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid ref."
+msgstr "'%s' no es una ref válida."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot find commit %s (%s)"
+msgstr "no se puede encontrar el commit %s (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:10
+msgid ""
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<pattern>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<patrón>...]"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:11
+msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<patrón>]"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:159
+msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
+msgstr "solo mostrar tags (puede ser combinado con heads)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:160
+msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
+msgstr "solo mostrar heads (puede ser combinado con tags)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:161
+msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
+msgstr "revisar referencias más estrictamente, requiere ruta de ref exacta"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:164 builtin/show-ref.c:166
+msgid "show the HEAD reference, even if it would be filtered out"
+msgstr "mostrar la referencia de HEAD, incluso si se filtrara"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
+msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
+msgstr "tags de deferencia en IDs de objeto"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
+msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
+msgstr "solo mostrar hash SHA1 usando <n> dígitos"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:174
+msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
+msgstr "no mostrar resultados en stdout (útil con --verify)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
+msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
+msgstr "mostrar refs de stdin que no están en el repositorio local"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:18
+msgid "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:19
+msgid "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:36
+msgid "skip and remove all lines starting with comment character"
+msgstr ""
+"saltar y borrar todas las líneas que comienzan con un carácter de comentario"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:39
+msgid "prepend comment character and space to each line"
+msgstr "anteponer carácter de comentario y espacio a cada línea"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:37 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1688
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such ref: %s"
+msgstr "No existe ref: %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:44 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1697
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expecting a full ref name, got %s"
+msgstr "Se esperaba un nombre de ref completo, se obtuvo %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:61
+msgid "submodule--helper print-default-remote takes no arguments"
+msgstr "subomdule--helper print-default-remote no toma argumentos"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '%s'"
+msgstr "no se puede quitar un componente del url '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:406 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1211
+msgid "alternative anchor for relative paths"
+msgstr "ancho alternativo para rutas relativas"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:411
+msgid "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<ruta>] [<ruta>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:462 builtin/submodule--helper.c:485
+#, c-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '%s' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr "No se encontró url para la ruta del submódulo '%s' en .gitmodules"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not lookup configuration '%s'. Assuming this repository is its own "
+"authoritative upstream."
+msgstr ""
+"no se pudo encontrar configuración '%s'. Asumiendo que este repositorio es "
+"su propio upstream autoritativo."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:511
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "Falló al registrar el url para la ruta del submódulo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) registered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Submódulo '%s' (%s) registrado para ruta '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:525
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: command update mode suggested for submodule '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"peligro: modo de actualización de comandos sugerido para el submódulo '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"Error al registrar el modo de actualización para la ruta del submódulo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:554
+msgid "Suppress output for initializing a submodule"
+msgstr "Suprime la salida para inicializar un submódulo"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:559
+msgid "git submodule--helper init [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper init [<ruta>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:631 builtin/submodule--helper.c:757
+#, c-format
+msgid "no submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"no se ha encontrado mapeo de submódulos en .gitmodules para la ruta '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:670
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD ref inside the submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "no pudo resolver ref de HEAD dentro del submódulo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:697 builtin/submodule--helper.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al recursar en el submódulo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:721 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1031
+msgid "Suppress submodule status output"
+msgstr "Suprimir output del estado del submódulo"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:722
+msgid ""
+"Use commit stored in the index instead of the one stored in the submodule "
+"HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"Usar el commit guardado en el índice en lugar del guardado en el submódulo "
+"HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:723
+msgid "recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "recursar en submódulos anidados"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:728
+msgid "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<ruta>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:752
+msgid "git submodule--helper name <path>"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper name <ruta>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:816
+#, c-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Sincronizando url del submódulo para '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al registrar el url para la ruta del submódulo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:836
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to get the default remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "error al conseguir el remoto por defecto para el submódulo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:847
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to update remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "error al actualizar el remoto para el submódulo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:895
+msgid "Suppress output of synchronizing submodule url"
+msgstr "Suprime la salida del url del submódulo que se sincroniza"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:897
+msgid "Recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "Recursar en submódulos anidados"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:902
+msgid "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<ruta>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains a .git directory (use 'rm -rf' if you "
+"really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+"El árbol de trabajo del submódulo '%s' contiene un directorio .git (use 'rm -"
+"rf' si realmente quiere removerlo incluyendo todo en su historia)"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:968
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains local modifications; use '-f' to discard "
+"them"
+msgstr ""
+"El árbol de trabajo del submódulo '%s' contiene modificaciones locales; usa "
+"'-f' para descartarlas"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:976
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cleared directory '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Directorio '%s' limpiado\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:978
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '%s'\n"
+msgstr "No se pudo eliminar el árbol de trabajo del submódulo '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:987
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create empty submodule directory %s"
+msgstr "no se pudo crear directorio vacío de submódulo %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) unregistered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Submódulo '%s' (%s) no registrado para ruta '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1032
+msgid "Remove submodule working trees even if they contain local changes"
+msgstr ""
+"Remover arboles de trabajo de submódulos incluso si contienen cambios locales"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1033
+msgid "Unregister all submodules"
+msgstr "Quitar todos los submódulos"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1038
+msgid ""
+"git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<ruta>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1052
+msgid "Use '--all' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgstr "Usa '--all' si realmente quieres des-inicializar todos los submódulos"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1145 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1148
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' cannot add alternate: %s"
+msgstr "submódulo '%s' no puede agregar alterno: %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1184
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateErrorStrategy is not recognized"
+msgstr "Valor '%s' para submodule.alternateErrorStrategy no es reconocido"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1191
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateLocation is not recognized"
+msgstr "Valor '%s' para submodule.alternateLocation no es reconocido"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1214
+msgid "where the new submodule will be cloned to"
+msgstr "a donde el nuevo submódulo será clonado"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1217
+msgid "name of the new submodule"
+msgstr "nombre del nuevo submódulo"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1220
+msgid "url where to clone the submodule from"
+msgstr "url de dónde clonar el submódulo"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1228
+msgid "depth for shallow clones"
+msgstr "profundidad para clones superficiales"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1231 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1606
+msgid "force cloning progress"
+msgstr "forzar el proceso de clonado"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1236
+msgid ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<path>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<repository>] [--name <name>] [--depth <depth>] --url <url> --path <path>"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<ruta>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<repositorio>] [--name <nombre>] [--depth <profundidad>] --url <url> --path "
+"<ruta>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1267
+#, c-format
+msgid "clone of '%s' into submodule path '%s' failed"
+msgstr "clon de '%s' en la ruta de submódulo '%s' falló"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1281
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get submodule directory for '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo obtener el directorio de submódulo para '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1347
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule path '%s' not initialized"
+msgstr "Ruta de submódulo '%s' no inicializada"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1351
+msgid "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr "Tal vez quiere usar 'update --init'?"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1380
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping unmerged submodule %s"
+msgstr "Saltando submódulo %s no fusionado"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1409
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "Saltando submódulo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1544
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s'. Retry scheduled"
+msgstr "Falló al clonar '%s'. Reintento programado"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1555
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s' a second time, aborting"
+msgstr "Falló al clonar '%s' una segunda vez, abortando"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1585 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1808
+msgid "path into the working tree"
+msgstr "ruta hacia el árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1588
+msgid "path into the working tree, across nested submodule boundaries"
+msgstr ""
+"ruta hacia el árbol de trabajo, a través de extremos de submódulos anidados"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1592
+msgid "rebase, merge, checkout or none"
+msgstr "rebase, merge, checkout o none"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1598
+msgid "Create a shallow clone truncated to the specified number of revisions"
+msgstr "Crea un clon superficial truncado al número especificado de revisión"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1601
+msgid "parallel jobs"
+msgstr "trabajos paralelos"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1603
+msgid "whether the initial clone should follow the shallow recommendation"
+msgstr "si el clon inicial debe seguir la recomendación superficial"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1604
+msgid "don't print cloning progress"
+msgstr "no mostrar el progreso de clonado"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1611
+msgid "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<ruta>] [<ruta>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1624
+msgid "bad value for update parameter"
+msgstr "mal valor para parámetro update"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1692
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule (%s) branch configured to inherit branch from superproject, but "
+"the superproject is not on any branch"
+msgstr ""
+"Rama de submódulo (%s)  configurada para heredar rama del superproyecto, "
+"pero el superproyecto no está en ninguna rama"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1809
+msgid "recurse into submodules"
+msgstr "recurrir a submódulos"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1815
+msgid "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<ruta>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1901
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s doesn't support --super-prefix"
+msgstr "%s no soporta --super-prefix"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1907
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid submodule--helper subcommand"
+msgstr "'%s' no es un comando submodule--helper valido"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:8
+msgid "git symbolic-ref [<options>] <name> [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref [<opciones>] <nombre> [<referencia>]"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:9
+msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <name>"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <nombre>"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40
+msgid "suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"
+msgstr "suprimir mensajes de error para refs no simbólicos (desacoplados)"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:41
+msgid "delete symbolic ref"
+msgstr "eliminar referencia simbólica"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:42
+msgid "shorten ref output"
+msgstr "salida de referencia más corta"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
+msgid "reason"
+msgstr "razón"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
+msgid "reason of the update"
+msgstr "razón de la actualización"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:24
+msgid ""
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>] <tagname> "
+"[<head>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <id-de-clave>] [-f] [-m <mensaje> | -F <archivo>] "
+"<nombre-de-tag> [<head>]"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:25
+msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -d <nombre-de-tag>..."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:26
+msgid ""
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--no-contains <commit>] [--"
+"points-at <object>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<format>] [--[no-]merged [<commit>]] [<pattern>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--no-contains <commit>] [--"
+"points-at <objeto>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<formato>] [--[no-]merged [<commit>]] [<patrón>...]"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:28
+msgid "git tag -v [--format=<format>] <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -v [--format=<formato>] <nombre-de-tag>..."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:86
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' not found."
+msgstr "tag '%s' no encontrado."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "Etiqueta '%s' eliminada (era %s)\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:132
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Write a message for tag:\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Escribe un mensaje para la tag:\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Las líneas que comienzan con '%c' serán ignoradas.\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:136
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Write a message for tag:\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
+"want to.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Escribe un mensaje para la tag:\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Las líneas que comienzan con '%c' serán conservadas; puedes eliminarlas por "
+"ti mismo si quieres hacerlo.\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:190
+msgid "unable to sign the tag"
+msgstr "incapaz de firmar tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:192
+msgid "unable to write tag file"
+msgstr "incapaz de escribir el archivo de tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:217
+msgid "bad object type."
+msgstr "tipo de objeto erróneo."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:266
+msgid "no tag message?"
+msgstr "¿Sin mensaje de tag?"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
+msgstr "El mensaje del tag ha sido dejado en %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:382
+msgid "list tag names"
+msgstr "listar nombres de tags"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:384
+msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
+msgstr "imprimir <n> líneas de cada mensaje de tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:386
+msgid "delete tags"
+msgstr "eliminar tags"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:387
+msgid "verify tags"
+msgstr "verificar tags"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:389
+msgid "Tag creation options"
+msgstr "Opciones de creación de tags"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:391
+msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
+msgstr "tags anotadas necesitan un mensaje"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:393
+msgid "tag message"
+msgstr "mensaje de tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:395
+msgid "force edit of tag message"
+msgstr "forzar la edición del mensaje de tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:396
+msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
+msgstr "tag anotado y firmado con GPG"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:400
+msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
+msgstr "usar otra clave para firmar el tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:401
+msgid "replace the tag if exists"
+msgstr "remplazar tag si existe"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:402 builtin/update-ref.c:368
+msgid "create a reflog"
+msgstr "crear un reflog"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:404
+msgid "Tag listing options"
+msgstr "Opciones de listado de tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:405
+msgid "show tag list in columns"
+msgstr "mostrar lista de tags en columnas"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:406 builtin/tag.c:408
+msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
+msgstr "mostrar solo tags que contienen el commit"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:407 builtin/tag.c:409
+msgid "print only tags that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "mostrar solo tags que no contienen el commit"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:410
+msgid "print only tags that are merged"
+msgstr "sólo imprimir las tags que están fusionadas"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:411
+msgid "print only tags that are not merged"
+msgstr "sólo imprimir las tags que no están fusionadas"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:416
+msgid "print only tags of the object"
+msgstr "sólo imprimir tags de el objeto"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:460
+msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column y -n son incompatibles"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:482
+msgid "-n option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "opción -n solo es permitida en modo lista"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:484
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "opción --contains solo es permitido en modo lista"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:486
+msgid "--no-contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "opción --no-contains solo es permitida en modo lista"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:488
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "opción --points-at solo es permitida en modo lista"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:490
+msgid "--merged and --no-merged options are only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "opciones --merged y --no-merged  solo están permitidas en modo lista"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:501
+msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
+msgstr "sólo se permite una de las opciones, -m ó -F."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:520
+msgid "too many params"
+msgstr "demasiados parámetros"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:526
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
+msgstr "'%s' no es un nombre de tag válido."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:531
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "el tag '%s' ya existe"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:562
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "Etiqueta '%s' actualizada (era %s)\n"
+
+#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:498
+msgid "Unpacking objects"
+msgstr "Desempaquetando objetos"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory %s"
+msgstr "falló al crear directorio %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s"
+msgstr "falló al iniciar %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create file %s"
+msgstr "falló al crear el archivo %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete file %s"
+msgstr "falló al eliminar el archivo %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:113 builtin/update-index.c:219
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete directory %s"
+msgstr "falló al eliminar directorio %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:138
+#, c-format
+msgid "Testing mtime in '%s' "
+msgstr "Probando mtime en '%s' "
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:152
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new file"
+msgstr "info de estado del directorio no cambia tras agregar un nuevo archivo"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:165
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new directory"
+msgstr ""
+"info de estado del directorio no cambia tras agregar un nuevo directorio"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:178
+msgid "directory stat info changes after updating a file"
+msgstr "info de estado del directorio cambia tras actualizar un archivo"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:189
+msgid "directory stat info changes after adding a file inside subdirectory"
+msgstr ""
+"info de estado del directorio cambia tras agregar un archivo dentro del "
+"subdirectorio"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:200
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a file"
+msgstr "info de estado del directorio no cambia tras borrar un archivo"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:213
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a directory"
+msgstr "info de estado del directorio no cambia tras borrar un directorio"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:220
+msgid " OK"
+msgstr " OK"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:589
+msgid "git update-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git update-index [<opciones>] [--] [<archivo>...]"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:946
+msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
+msgstr ""
+"continuar refresh (Actualización) incluso cuando el índice necesita "
+"actualización"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:949
+msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
+msgstr "refresh: ignora submódulos"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:952
+msgid "do not ignore new files"
+msgstr "no ignorar archivos nuevos"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:954
+msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
+msgstr "permitir que archivos remplacen directorios y vice-versa"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:956
+msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
+msgstr "avisar de archivos faltando en el árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:958
+msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
+msgstr "ejecutar refresh incluso si el índice contiene entradas sin cambios"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:961
+msgid "refresh stat information"
+msgstr "refresh información de estado"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:965
+msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
+msgstr "como --refresh, pero ignora configuración assume-unchanged"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:969
+msgid "<mode>,<object>,<path>"
+msgstr "<modo>,<objeto>,<ruta>"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:970
+msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
+msgstr "agregar la entrada especificada al índice"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:979
+msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
+msgstr "marcar archivos como \"not changing\""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:982
+msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
+msgstr "limpiar bit assumed-unchanged"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:985
+msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
+msgstr "marcar archivos como \"index-only\""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:988
+msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
+msgstr "limpiar bit skip-worktree"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:991
+msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
+msgstr ""
+"agregar solo al índice; no agregar contenido a la base de datos de objetos"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:993
+msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
+msgstr ""
+"remover rutas nombradas incluso si están presentes en el árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:995
+msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
+msgstr "con --stdin: las lineas de entrada son terminadas con bytes nulos"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:997
+msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
+msgstr "leer la lista de rutas para ser actualizada desde standard input"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1001
+msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
+msgstr "agregar entradas de standard input al índice"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1005
+msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
+msgstr "repoblar stages #2 y #3 para las rutas listadas"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1009
+msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
+msgstr "solo actualizar entradas que difieren de HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1013
+msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
+msgstr "ignorar archivos faltantes en el árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1016
+msgid "report actions to standard output"
+msgstr "reportar acciones por standard output"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1018
+msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
+msgstr "(para porcelanas) olvidar conflictos sin resolver guardados"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1022
+msgid "write index in this format"
+msgstr "escribir índice en este formato"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1024
+msgid "enable or disable split index"
+msgstr "activar o desactivar índice dividido"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1026
+msgid "enable/disable untracked cache"
+msgstr "habilitar o deshabilitar caché no rastreado"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1028
+msgid "test if the filesystem supports untracked cache"
+msgstr "probar si el filesystem soporta caché no rastreado"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1030
+msgid "enable untracked cache without testing the filesystem"
+msgstr "habilitar caché no rastreado sin probar el filesystem"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1032
+msgid "write out the index even if is not flagged as changed"
+msgstr "escribir el índice incluso si no está marcado como cambiado"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1034
+msgid "enable or disable file system monitor"
+msgstr "activar o desactivar monitor de sistema de archivos"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1036
+msgid "mark files as fsmonitor valid"
+msgstr "marcar archivos como válidos para fsmonitor"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1039
+msgid "clear fsmonitor valid bit"
+msgstr "limpia el bit de validación fsmonitor"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1138
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"enable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex está configurado en false; remuévelo o cámbialo, si "
+"realmente quieres habilitar el índice partido"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1147
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"disable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex está configurado en true; remuévelo o cámbialo, si realmente "
+"quieres deshabilitar el índice partido"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1158
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to disable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache está configurado en true; remuévelo o cámbialo, si "
+"realmente quieres deshabilitar el chaché no rastreado"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1162
+msgid "Untracked cache disabled"
+msgstr "Caché no rastreado deshabilitado"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1170
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to enable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache está configurado en false; remuévelo o cámbialo, si "
+"realmente quieres habilitar el caché no rastreado"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1174
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked cache enabled for '%s'"
+msgstr "Caché no rastreado habilitado para '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1182
+msgid "core.fsmonitor is unset; set it if you really want to enable fsmonitor"
+msgstr ""
+"core.fsmonitor no está configurado; actívalo si realmente quieres habilitar "
+"fsmonitor"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1186
+msgid "fsmonitor enabled"
+msgstr "fsmonitor activado"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1189
+msgid ""
+"core.fsmonitor is set; remove it if you really want to disable fsmonitor"
+msgstr ""
+"core.fsmonitor está configurado; remuévelo si realmente quieres deshabilitar "
+"el fsmonitor"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1193
+msgid "fsmonitor disabled"
+msgstr "fsmonitor desactivado"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:10
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] -d <refname> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<opciones>] -d <nombre-referencia> [<valor-anterior>]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:11
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>]    <refname> <new-val> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git update-ref [<opciones>] <nombre-referencia> <valor-nuevo> [<valor-"
+"anterior>]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:12
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] --stdin [-z]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<opciones>] --stdin [-z]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
+msgid "delete the reference"
+msgstr "eliminar la referencia"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:365
+msgid "update <refname> not the one it points to"
+msgstr "actualiza <refname> no a lo que apunta"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:366
+msgid "stdin has NUL-terminated arguments"
+msgstr "stdin tiene argumentos terminados en NUL"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:367
+msgid "read updates from stdin"
+msgstr "lee actualizaciones de stdin"
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:7
+msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
+msgstr "git update-server-info [--force]"
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:15
+msgid "update the info files from scratch"
+msgstr "actualiza los archivos info desde cero"
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:11
+msgid "git upload-pack [<options>] <dir>"
+msgstr "git upload-pack [<opciones>] <directorio>"
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:25
+msgid "exit immediately after initial ref advertisement"
+msgstr "salir inmediatamente tras el anuncio inicial de ref"
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:27
+msgid "do not try <directory>/.git/ if <directory> is no Git directory"
+msgstr "no intente <directorio>/.git/ si <directorio> no es un directorio Git"
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:29
+msgid "interrupt transfer after <n> seconds of inactivity"
+msgstr "interrumpir transferencia tras <n> segundos de inactividad"
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:18
+msgid "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <commit>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:73
+msgid "print commit contents"
+msgstr "imprimir contenido del commit"
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:74 builtin/verify-tag.c:38
+msgid "print raw gpg status output"
+msgstr "muestra la salida de status gpg en formato raw"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:55
+msgid "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <pack>..."
+msgstr "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <paquete>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:65
+msgid "verbose"
+msgstr "verboso"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:67
+msgid "show statistics only"
+msgstr "solo mostrar estadísticas"
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:19
+msgid "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<format>] <tag>..."
+msgstr "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<formato>] <tag>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:37
+msgid "print tag contents"
+msgstr "imprimir contenido del tag"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:17
+msgid "git worktree add [<options>] <path> [<commit-ish>]"
+msgstr "git worktree add [<opciones>] <ruta> [<commit-ish>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:18
+msgid "git worktree list [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree list [<opciones>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:19
+msgid "git worktree lock [<options>] <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree lock [<opciones>] <ruta>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:20
+msgid "git worktree move <worktree> <new-path>"
+msgstr "git worktree move <worktree> <nueva-ruta>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:21
+msgid "git worktree prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree prune [<opciones>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:22
+msgid "git worktree remove [<options>] <worktree>"
+msgstr "git worktree remove [<opciones>] <worktree>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:23
+msgid "git worktree unlock <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree unlock <ruta>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: not a valid directory"
+msgstr "Removiendo el worktrees/%s: no es un directorio válido"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:64
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file does not exist"
+msgstr "Removiendo worktrees/%s: archivo gitdir no existe"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:69 builtin/worktree.c:78
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: unable to read gitdir file (%s)"
+msgstr "Removiendo worktrees/%s: no es posible leer el archivo gitdir (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Removing worktrees/%s: short read (expected %<PRIuMAX> bytes, read "
+"%<PRIuMAX>)"
+msgstr ""
+"Removiendo árboles de trabajo/%s: lectura corta (se esperan %<PRIuMAX> "
+"bytes, %<PRIuMAX> leídos)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:96
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: invalid gitdir file"
+msgstr "Removiendo worktrees/%s: archivo gitdir inválido"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file points to non-existent location"
+msgstr ""
+"Removiendo worktrees/%s: archivo gitdir apunta a una ubicación no existente"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:152
+msgid "report pruned working trees"
+msgstr "reporta árboles de trabajo recortados"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:154
+msgid "expire working trees older than <time>"
+msgstr "expirar árboles de trabajo más viejos a <tiempo>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:229
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' already exists"
+msgstr "'%s' ya existe"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:260
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory of '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo crear directorio de '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:373 builtin/worktree.c:379
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (new branch '%s')"
+msgstr "Preparando árbol de trabajo (nueva rama '%s')"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:375
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (resetting branch '%s'; was at %s)"
+msgstr "Preparando árbol de trabajo (reiniciando rama '%s'; estaba en %s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:384
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (checking out '%s')"
+msgstr "Preparando árbol de trabajo (haciendo checkout a '%s')"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:390
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (detached HEAD %s)"
+msgstr "Preparando árbol de trabajo (HEAD desacoplado %s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:431
+msgid "checkout <branch> even if already checked out in other worktree"
+msgstr ""
+"hacer checkout a <rama> incluso si ya ha hecho checkout en otro árbol de "
+"trabajo"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:434
+msgid "create a new branch"
+msgstr "crear una nueva rama"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:436
+msgid "create or reset a branch"
+msgstr "crear o restablecer una rama"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:438
+msgid "populate the new working tree"
+msgstr "popular el nuevo árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:439
+msgid "keep the new working tree locked"
+msgstr "mantener el nuevo árbol de trabajo bloqueado"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:441
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-branch(1))"
+msgstr "configurando modo tracking (mirar git-branch(1))"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:444
+msgid "try to match the new branch name with a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+"intentar emparejar el nuevo nombre de rama con una rama de rastreo remoto"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:452
+msgid "-b, -B, and --detach are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-b, -B, y --detach son mutuamente exclusivas"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:511
+msgid "--[no-]track can only be used if a new branch is created"
+msgstr "--[no-]track solo puede ser usado si una nueva rama es creada"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:611
+msgid "reason for locking"
+msgstr "razón para bloquear"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:623 builtin/worktree.c:656 builtin/worktree.c:710
+#: builtin/worktree.c:850
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a working tree"
+msgstr "'%s' no es un árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:625 builtin/worktree.c:658
+msgid "The main working tree cannot be locked or unlocked"
+msgstr "El árbol de trabajo principal no puede ser bloqueado ni desbloqueado"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:630
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked, reason: %s"
+msgstr "'%s' ya está bloqueado; razón: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked"
+msgstr "'%s' ya está bloqueado"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:660
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not locked"
+msgstr "'%s' no está bloqueado"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:685
+msgid "working trees containing submodules cannot be moved or removed"
+msgstr ""
+"árboles de trabajo conteniendo submódulos no puede ser movidos o removidos"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:712 builtin/worktree.c:852
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is a main working tree"
+msgstr "'%s' es un árbol de trabajo principal"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not figure out destination name from '%s'"
+msgstr "no se pudo descubrir el nombre de destino de '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "target '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "el objetivo '%s' ya existe"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"no se puede mover un árbol de trabajo encerrado, motivo del encierro: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:732
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree"
+msgstr "no se puede mover un árbol de trabajo encerrado"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:735
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot move working tree: %s"
+msgstr "falló validación, no se puede mover el árbol de trabajo: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:740
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to move '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al mover '%s' a '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:788
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al ejecutar 'git status' en '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:792
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is dirty, use --force to delete it"
+msgstr "'%s' está sucio, use --force para borrarlo"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:797
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s', code %d"
+msgstr "no se pudo ejecutar 'git status' en '%s', código %d"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:808 builtin/worktree.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete '%s'"
+msgstr "falló al borrar '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:834
+msgid "force removing even if the worktree is dirty"
+msgstr "forzar remoción incluso si el árbol de trabajo está sucio"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:856
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"no se pueden remover árbol de trabajo encerrado, razón del encierro: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:858
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree"
+msgstr "no se puede remover árbol de trabajo encerrado"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:861
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot remove working tree: %s"
+msgstr "falló validación, no se puede remover árbol de trabajo: %s"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:14
+msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
+msgstr "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefijo>/]"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
+msgid "<prefix>/"
+msgstr "<prefijo>/"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:28
+msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
+msgstr "escribir objeto de  árbol para un subdirectorio <prefijo>"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:31
+msgid "only useful for debugging"
+msgstr "sólo útil para depurar"
+
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The permissions on your socket directory are too loose; other\n"
+"users may be able to read your cached credentials. Consider running:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Los permisos en su directorio de socket son demasiado flojos; otros\n"
+"usuarios pueden leer sus credenciales almacenadas en caché. Considere "
+"ejecutar:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
+
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:271
+msgid "print debugging messages to stderr"
+msgstr "mostrar mensajes de debug en stderr"
+
+#: git.c:27
+msgid ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--"
+"bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]\n"
+"           <command> [<args>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C <ruta>] [-c <nombre>=<valor>]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=<ruta>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--"
+"bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=<ruta>] [--work-tree=<ruta>] [--namespace=<nombre>]\n"
+"           <comando> [<args>]"
+
+#: git.c:34
+msgid ""
+"'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some\n"
+"concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
+"to read about a specific subcommand or concept."
+msgstr ""
+"'git help -a' y 'git help -g' listan los subcomandos disponibles y algunas\n"
+"guías de concepto. Consulte 'git help <command>' o 'git help <concepto>'\n"
+"para leer sobre un subcomando o concepto específico."
+
+#: git.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --git-dir\n"
+msgstr "no se entregó directorio para --git-dir\n"
+
+#: git.c:187
+#, c-format
+msgid "no namespace given for --namespace\n"
+msgstr "no se entregó namespace para --namespace\n"
+
+#: git.c:201
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --work-tree\n"
+msgstr "no se entregó directorio para --work-tree\n"
+
+#: git.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "no prefix given for --super-prefix\n"
+msgstr "no se entregó prefijo para --super-prefix\n"
+
+#: git.c:237
+#, c-format
+msgid "-c expects a configuration string\n"
+msgstr "-c espera un string de configuración\n"
+
+#: git.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for -C\n"
+msgstr "no se entregó directorio para -C\n"
+
+#: git.c:300
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option: %s\n"
+msgstr "opción %s desconocida\n"
+
+#: git.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid "expansion of alias '%s' failed; '%s' is not a git command\n"
+msgstr "expansión del alias '%s' falló; '%s' no es un comando de git\n"
+
+#: git.c:777
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run command '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "falló al ejecutar comando '%s': %s\n"
+
+#: http.c:348
+#, c-format
+msgid "negative value for http.postbuffer; defaulting to %d"
+msgstr "valor negativo para http.postbuffer; poniendo el default a %d"
+
+#: http.c:369
+msgid "Delegation control is not supported with cURL < 7.22.0"
+msgstr "Delegación de control no es soportada con cURL < 7.22.0"
+
+#: http.c:378
+msgid "Public key pinning not supported with cURL < 7.44.0"
+msgstr "Fijación de llave pública no es soportada con cURL < 7.44.0"
+
+#: http.c:1854
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unable to update url base from redirection:\n"
+"  asked for: %s\n"
+"   redirect: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"no puede actualizar la base de url de la redirección:\n"
+"  preguntaba por: %s\n"
+"   redireccionamiento: %s"
+
+#: remote-curl.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "redirecting to %s"
+msgstr "redirigiendo a %s"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:59
+msgid "args"
+msgstr "args"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:60
+msgid "object filtering"
+msgstr "filtrado de objeto"
+
+#: parse-options.h:157
+msgid "expiry-date"
+msgstr "fecha de expiración"
+
+#: parse-options.h:172
+msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
+msgstr "no-op (compatibilidad con versiones anteriores)"
+
+#: parse-options.h:251
+msgid "be more verbose"
+msgstr "ser mas verboso"
+
+#: parse-options.h:253
+msgid "be more quiet"
+msgstr "ser mas discreto"
+
+#: parse-options.h:259
+msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
+msgstr "usa <n> dígitos para mostrar SHA-1s"
+
+#: command-list.h:50
+msgid "Add file contents to the index"
+msgstr "Agrega contenido de carpetas al índice"
+
+#: command-list.h:51
+msgid "Apply a series of patches from a mailbox"
+msgstr "Aplicar una serie de parches de un mailbox"
+
+#: command-list.h:52
+msgid "Annotate file lines with commit information"
+msgstr "Anotar líneas de archivo con información de commit"
+
+#: command-list.h:53
+msgid "Apply a patch to files and/or to the index"
+msgstr "Aplicar un parche a archivos y/o  el índice"
+
+#: command-list.h:54
+msgid "Import an Arch repository into Git"
+msgstr "Importar un repositorio Arch en Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:55
+msgid "Create an archive of files from a named tree"
+msgstr "Crear un archivo o archivos de un árbol nombrado"
+
+#: command-list.h:56
+msgid "Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug"
+msgstr "Use la búsqueda binaria para encontrar el commit que introdujo el bug"
+
+#: command-list.h:57
+msgid "Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file"
+msgstr ""
+"Mostrar qué revisión y autor modificaron al último cada línea de un archivo"
+
+#: command-list.h:58
+msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
+msgstr "Lista, crea, o borra ramas"
+
+#: command-list.h:59
+msgid "Move objects and refs by archive"
+msgstr "Mover objetos y referencias por archivo"
+
+#: command-list.h:60
+msgid "Provide content or type and size information for repository objects"
+msgstr ""
+"Proveer contenido o tipo y tamaño de información para objetos de repositorio"
+
+#: command-list.h:61
+msgid "Display gitattributes information"
+msgstr "Mostrar información de gitattributes"
+
+#: command-list.h:62
+msgid "Debug gitignore / exclude files"
+msgstr "Debug a gitignore / excluir archivos"
+
+#: command-list.h:63
+msgid "Show canonical names and email addresses of contacts"
+msgstr "Mostrar nombres canónicos y direcciones de correo de contactos"
+
+#: command-list.h:64
+msgid "Switch branches or restore working tree files"
+msgstr "Cambia ramas o restaura los archivos de tu árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: command-list.h:65
+msgid "Copy files from the index to the working tree"
+msgstr "Copiar archivos del índice al árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: command-list.h:66
+msgid "Ensures that a reference name is well formed"
+msgstr "Asegura que un nombre de referencia esté bien formado"
+
+#: command-list.h:67
+msgid "Find commits yet to be applied to upstream"
+msgstr "Encuentra commits que faltan aplicar en upstream"
+
+#: command-list.h:68
+msgid "Apply the changes introduced by some existing commits"
+msgstr "Aplica los cambios introducidos por algunos commits existentes"
+
+#: command-list.h:69
+msgid "Graphical alternative to git-commit"
+msgstr "Opción gráfica a git-commit"
+
+#: command-list.h:70
+msgid "Remove untracked files from the working tree"
+msgstr "Remueve archivos del árbol de trabajo no rastreados"
+
+#: command-list.h:71
+msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
+msgstr "Clona un repositorio dentro de un nuevo directorio"
+
+#: command-list.h:72
+msgid "Display data in columns"
+msgstr "Mostrar data en columnas"
+
+#: command-list.h:73
+msgid "Record changes to the repository"
+msgstr "Graba los cambios en tu repositorio"
+
+#: command-list.h:74
+msgid "Write and verify Git commit graph files"
+msgstr "Escribe y verifica los archivos de Git commit graph"
+
+#: command-list.h:75
+msgid "Create a new commit object"
+msgstr "Crea un nuevo objeto commit"
+
+#: command-list.h:76
+msgid "Get and set repository or global options"
+msgstr "Configurar repositorio u opciones globales"
+
+#: command-list.h:77
+msgid "Count unpacked number of objects and their disk consumption"
+msgstr "Contar número de objetos no empaquetados y su consumo en disco"
+
+#: command-list.h:78
+msgid "Retrieve and store user credentials"
+msgstr "Obtener y guardar credenciales de usuario"
+
+#: command-list.h:79
+msgid "Helper to temporarily store passwords in memory"
+msgstr "Auxiliar para almacenar temporalmente claves en memoria"
+
+#: command-list.h:80
+msgid "Helper to store credentials on disk"
+msgstr "Auxiliar para guardar credenciales en disco"
+
+#: command-list.h:81
+msgid "Export a single commit to a CVS checkout"
+msgstr "Exporta un commit único a CVS checkout"
+
+#: command-list.h:82
+msgid "Salvage your data out of another SCM people love to hate"
+msgstr "Salva tus datos de otro SCM que la gente adora odiar"
+
+#: command-list.h:83
+msgid "A CVS server emulator for Git"
+msgstr "Un servidor emulador de CVS para Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:84
+msgid "A really simple server for Git repositories"
+msgstr "Un servidor realmente simple para repositorios Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:85
+msgid "Give an object a human readable name based on an available ref"
+msgstr ""
+"Dar a un objeto un nombre legible por humanos basado en una referencia "
+"disponible"
+
+#: command-list.h:86
+msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
+msgstr "Muestra los cambios entre commits, commit y árbol de trabajo, etc"
+
+#: command-list.h:87
+msgid "Compares files in the working tree and the index"
+msgstr "Compara archivos del árbol de trabajo y del índice"
+
+#: command-list.h:88
+msgid "Compare a tree to the working tree or index"
+msgstr "Compara un árbol con el árbol de trabajo o índice"
+
+#: command-list.h:89
+msgid "Compares the content and mode of blobs found via two tree objects"
+msgstr ""
+"Compara el contenido y el modo de blobs encontrados a través de dos objetos "
+"de árbol"
+
+#: command-list.h:90
+msgid "Show changes using common diff tools"
+msgstr "Mostrar cambios usando herramientas de diff comunes"
+
+#: command-list.h:91
+msgid "Git data exporter"
+msgstr "Exportador de data Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:92
+msgid "Backend for fast Git data importers"
+msgstr "Backend para importadores de data de Git rápidos"
+
+#: command-list.h:93
+msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
+msgstr "Descarga objetos y referencias de otro repositorio"
+
+#: command-list.h:94
+msgid "Receive missing objects from another repository"
+msgstr "Descarga objetos faltantes de otro repositorio"
+
+#: command-list.h:95
+msgid "Rewrite branches"
+msgstr "Reescribir ramas"
+
+#: command-list.h:96
+msgid "Produce a merge commit message"
+msgstr "Produce un mensaje de commit para fusión"
+
+#: command-list.h:97
+msgid "Output information on each ref"
+msgstr "Información de output en cada ref"
+
+#: command-list.h:98
+msgid "Prepare patches for e-mail submission"
+msgstr "Prepara parches para ser enviados por e-mail"
+
+#: command-list.h:99
+msgid "Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database"
+msgstr ""
+"Verifica la conectividad y disponibilidad de los objetos en la base de datos"
+
+#: command-list.h:100
+msgid "Cleanup unnecessary files and optimize the local repository"
+msgstr "Limpia archivos innecesarios y optimiza el repositorio local"
+
+#: command-list.h:101
+msgid "Extract commit ID from an archive created using git-archive"
+msgstr "Extrae el ID de commit de un archivo creado usando git-archive"
+
+#: command-list.h:102
+msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
+msgstr "Imprime las líneas que concuerdan con el patron"
+
+#: command-list.h:103
+msgid "A portable graphical interface to Git"
+msgstr "Una interfaz gráfica portátil para Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:104
+msgid "Compute object ID and optionally creates a blob from a file"
+msgstr "Computa ID de objeto y, opcionalmente, crea un blob de un archivo"
+
+#: command-list.h:105
+msgid "Display help information about Git"
+msgstr "Mostrar información sobre Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:106
+msgid "Server side implementation of Git over HTTP"
+msgstr "Implementación de lado de servidor de Git por HTTP"
+
+#: command-list.h:107
+msgid "Download from a remote Git repository via HTTP"
+msgstr "Descarga de un repositorio Git remoto vía HTTP"
+
+#: command-list.h:108
+msgid "Push objects over HTTP/DAV to another repository"
+msgstr "Empuja objetos por HTTP/DAV a otro repositorio"
+
+#: command-list.h:109
+msgid "Send a collection of patches from stdin to an IMAP folder"
+msgstr "Enviar una colección de parches de stdin a una carpeta IMAP"
+
+#: command-list.h:110
+msgid "Build pack index file for an existing packed archive"
+msgstr "Constuye un archivo de índice para un archivo empaquetado existente"
+
+#: command-list.h:111
+msgid "Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
+msgstr "Crea un repositorio de Git vacío o reinicia el que ya existe"
+
+#: command-list.h:112
+msgid "Instantly browse your working repository in gitweb"
+msgstr "Buscar instantáneamente tu repositorio de trabajo en gitweb"
+
+#: command-list.h:113
+msgid "add or parse structured information in commit messages"
+msgstr "agregar o analizar información estructurada en mensajes de commit"
+
+#: command-list.h:114
+msgid "The Git repository browser"
+msgstr "El navegador de repositorio Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:115
+msgid "Show commit logs"
+msgstr "Muestra los logs de los commits"
+
+#: command-list.h:116
+msgid "Show information about files in the index and the working tree"
+msgstr "Muestra información sobre archivos in el índice y el árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: command-list.h:117
+msgid "List references in a remote repository"
+msgstr "Lista referencias en un repositorio remoto"
+
+#: command-list.h:118
+msgid "List the contents of a tree object"
+msgstr "Lista los contenidos de un objeto árbol"
+
+#: command-list.h:119
+msgid "Extracts patch and authorship from a single e-mail message"
+msgstr "Extraer parche y autoría de un único mensaje de e-mail"
+
+#: command-list.h:120
+msgid "Simple UNIX mbox splitter program"
+msgstr "Programa divisor de mbox simple de UNIX"
+
+#: command-list.h:121
+msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
+msgstr "Junta dos o mas historiales de desarrollo juntos"
+
+#: command-list.h:122
+msgid "Find as good common ancestors as possible for a merge"
+msgstr "Encuentra un ancestro común bueno para una posible fusión"
+
+#: command-list.h:123
+msgid "Run a three-way file merge"
+msgstr "Ejecuta una fusión de tres vías en un archivo"
+
+#: command-list.h:124
+msgid "Run a merge for files needing merging"
+msgstr "Ejecuta una fusión para archivos que la necesitan"
+
+#: command-list.h:125
+msgid "The standard helper program to use with git-merge-index"
+msgstr "El programa de ayuda estándar para usar con git-merge-index"
+
+#: command-list.h:126
+msgid "Run merge conflict resolution tools to resolve merge conflicts"
+msgstr ""
+"Ejecuta las herramientas de fusión de resolución de conflictos para resolver "
+"conflictos de fusión"
+
+#: command-list.h:127
+msgid "Show three-way merge without touching index"
+msgstr "Mostrar fusión de tres vías sin tocar el índice"
+
+#: command-list.h:128
+msgid "Creates a tag object"
+msgstr "Crea un objeto tag"
+
+#: command-list.h:129
+msgid "Build a tree-object from ls-tree formatted text"
+msgstr "Construir un objeto árbol de un texto en formato ls-tree"
+
+#: command-list.h:130
+msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
+msgstr "Mueve o cambia el nombre a archivos, directorios o enlaces simbólicos"
+
+#: command-list.h:131
+msgid "Find symbolic names for given revs"
+msgstr "Encontrar nombres simbólicos para revs dados"
+
+#: command-list.h:132
+msgid "Add or inspect object notes"
+msgstr "Agrega o inspecciona objetos nota"
+
+#: command-list.h:133
+msgid "Import from and submit to Perforce repositories"
+msgstr "Importar desde y enviar a repositorios Perforce"
+
+#: command-list.h:134
+msgid "Create a packed archive of objects"
+msgstr "Crea un archivo de objetos empaquetados"
+
+#: command-list.h:135
+msgid "Find redundant pack files"
+msgstr "Encuentra archivos empaquetados de manera redundante"
+
+#: command-list.h:136
+msgid "Pack heads and tags for efficient repository access"
+msgstr "Empaqueta heads y tags para un acceso eficiente al repositorio"
+
+#: command-list.h:137
+msgid "Routines to help parsing remote repository access parameters"
+msgstr ""
+"Rutinas para ayudar a analizar los parámetros de acceso del repositorio "
+"remoto"
+
+#: command-list.h:138
+msgid "Compute unique ID for a patch"
+msgstr "Calcular ID único para un parche"
+
+#: command-list.h:139
+msgid "Prune all unreachable objects from the object database"
+msgstr "Limpia todos los objetos no alcanzables de la base de datos de objetos"
+
+#: command-list.h:140
+msgid "Remove extra objects that are already in pack files"
+msgstr "Remover objetos extra que ya están en archivos empaquetados"
+
+#: command-list.h:141
+msgid "Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch"
+msgstr "Realiza un fetch e integra con otro repositorio o rama local"
+
+#: command-list.h:142
+msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
+msgstr "Actualiza referencias remotas junto con sus objetos asociados"
+
+#: command-list.h:143
+msgid "Applies a quilt patchset onto the current branch"
+msgstr "Aplica un parche quilt en la rama actual"
+
+#: command-list.h:144
+msgid "Reads tree information into the index"
+msgstr "Lee información del ábol en el índice"
+
+#: command-list.h:145
+msgid "Reapply commits on top of another base tip"
+msgstr "Vuelve a aplicar commits en la punta de otra rama"
+
+#: command-list.h:146
+msgid "Receive what is pushed into the repository"
+msgstr "Recibir lo que es empujado en el respositorio"
+
+#: command-list.h:147
+msgid "Manage reflog information"
+msgstr "Gestionar información de reflog"
+
+#: command-list.h:148
+msgid "Manage set of tracked repositories"
+msgstr "Gestiona un conjunto de repositorios rastreados"
+
+#: command-list.h:149
+msgid "Pack unpacked objects in a repository"
+msgstr "empaquetar objetos no empaquetados en un repositorio"
+
+#: command-list.h:150
+msgid "Create, list, delete refs to replace objects"
+msgstr "Crea, lista, borra referencias para reemplazar objetos"
+
+#: command-list.h:151
+msgid "Generates a summary of pending changes"
+msgstr "Genera un resumen de cambios pendientes"
+
+#: command-list.h:152
+msgid "Reuse recorded resolution of conflicted merges"
+msgstr "Reutilizar la resolución registrada de fusiones conflictivas"
+
+#: command-list.h:153
+msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
+msgstr "Reinicia el HEAD actual a un estado especifico"
+
+#: command-list.h:154
+msgid "Revert some existing commits"
+msgstr "Revierte algunos commits existentes"
+
+#: command-list.h:155
+msgid "Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order"
+msgstr "Lista objetos commit en orden cronológico inverso"
+
+#: command-list.h:156
+msgid "Pick out and massage parameters"
+msgstr "Seleccionar y masajear los parámetros"
+
+#: command-list.h:157
+msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
+msgstr "Borra archivos del árbol de trabajo y del índice"
+
+#: command-list.h:158
+msgid "Send a collection of patches as emails"
+msgstr "Envía una colección de parches como e-mails"
+
+#: command-list.h:159
+msgid "Push objects over Git protocol to another repository"
+msgstr "Empujar objetos por protocolo Git a otro repositorio"
+
+#: command-list.h:160
+msgid "Restricted login shell for Git-only SSH access"
+msgstr "Shell de inicio de sesión restringido para acceso SSH exclusivo de Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:161
+msgid "Summarize 'git log' output"
+msgstr "Resumir la salida 'git log'"
+
+#: command-list.h:162
+msgid "Show various types of objects"
+msgstr "Muestra varios tipos de objetos"
+
+#: command-list.h:163
+msgid "Show branches and their commits"
+msgstr "Mostrar ramas y sus commits"
+
+#: command-list.h:164
+msgid "Show packed archive index"
+msgstr "Mostrar el índice de archivo empaquetado"
+
+#: command-list.h:165
+msgid "List references in a local repository"
+msgstr "Listar referencias en el repositorio local"
+
+#: command-list.h:166
+msgid "Git's i18n setup code for shell scripts"
+msgstr "El código de configuración i18n de Git para scripts de shell"
+
+#: command-list.h:167
+msgid "Common Git shell script setup code"
+msgstr "Código de configuración de script de shell común de Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:168
+msgid "Stash the changes in a dirty working directory away"
+msgstr ""
+"Poner en un stash los cambios en un directorio de trabajo sucio de todas "
+"maneras"
+
+#: command-list.h:169
+msgid "Add file contents to the staging area"
+msgstr "Agrega contenidos de un archivo al área de staging"
+
+#: command-list.h:170
+msgid "Show the working tree status"
+msgstr "Muestra el estado del árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: command-list.h:171
+msgid "Remove unnecessary whitespace"
+msgstr "Eliminar el espacio en blanco innecesario"
+
+#: command-list.h:172
+msgid "Initialize, update or inspect submodules"
+msgstr "Inicializa, actualiza o inspecciona submódulos"
+
+#: command-list.h:173
+msgid "Bidirectional operation between a Subversion repository and Git"
+msgstr "Operación bidireccional entre un repositorio Subversion y Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:174
+msgid "Read, modify and delete symbolic refs"
+msgstr "Lee, modifica y borra referencias simbólicas"
+
+#: command-list.h:175
+msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
+msgstr "Crea, lista, borra o verifica un tag de objeto firmado con GPG"
+
+#: command-list.h:176
+msgid "Creates a temporary file with a blob's contents"
+msgstr "Crea un archivo temporal con contenidos de un blob"
+
+#: command-list.h:177
+msgid "Unpack objects from a packed archive"
+msgstr "Desempaqueta objetos de un archivo empaquetado"
+
+#: command-list.h:178
+msgid "Register file contents in the working tree to the index"
+msgstr "Registra contenidos de archivos en el árbol de trabajo al índice"
+
+#: command-list.h:179
+msgid "Update the object name stored in a ref safely"
+msgstr ""
+"Actualiza el nombre del objeto almacenado en una referencia de forma segura"
+
+#: command-list.h:180
+msgid "Update auxiliary info file to help dumb servers"
+msgstr ""
+"Actualiza el archivo de información auxiliar para ayudar a los servidores "
+"dumb"
+
+#: command-list.h:181
+msgid "Send archive back to git-archive"
+msgstr "Enviar archivo a git-archive"
+
+#: command-list.h:182
+msgid "Send objects packed back to git-fetch-pack"
+msgstr "Enviar objetos empaquetados a git-fetch-pack"
+
+#: command-list.h:183
+msgid "Show a Git logical variable"
+msgstr "Mostrar una variable lógica de Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:184
+msgid "Check the GPG signature of commits"
+msgstr "Verificar firma GPG de commits"
+
+#: command-list.h:185
+msgid "Validate packed Git archive files"
+msgstr "Valida archivos Git empaquetados"
+
+#: command-list.h:186
+msgid "Check the GPG signature of tags"
+msgstr "Verifica la firma GPG de etiquetas"
+
+#: command-list.h:187
+msgid "Git web interface (web frontend to Git repositories)"
+msgstr "Interfaz web Git (interfaz web para repositorios Git)"
+
+#: command-list.h:188
+msgid "Show logs with difference each commit introduces"
+msgstr "Muestra logs con las diferencias que cada commit introduce"
+
+#: command-list.h:189
+msgid "Manage multiple working trees"
+msgstr "Gestiona múltiples árboles de trabajo"
+
+#: command-list.h:190
+msgid "Create a tree object from the current index"
+msgstr "Crea un objeto árbol del índice actual"
+
+#: command-list.h:191
+msgid "Defining attributes per path"
+msgstr "Definiendo atributos por ruta"
+
+#: command-list.h:192
+msgid "Git command-line interface and conventions"
+msgstr "Interfaz y convenciones de línea de comandos de Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:193
+msgid "A Git core tutorial for developers"
+msgstr "Un tutorial básico de Git para desarrolladores"
+
+#: command-list.h:194
+msgid "Git for CVS users"
+msgstr "Git para usuarios CVS"
+
+#: command-list.h:195
+msgid "Tweaking diff output"
+msgstr "Afinar la salida de diff"
+
+#: command-list.h:196
+msgid "A useful minimum set of commands for Everyday Git"
+msgstr "Un conjunto mínimo útil de comandos diarios de Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:197
+msgid "A Git Glossary"
+msgstr "Un Glosario de Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:198
+msgid "Hooks used by Git"
+msgstr "Hooks utilizados por Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:199
+msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
+msgstr "Especifica de forma intencional archivos sin seguimiento a ignorar"
+
+#: command-list.h:200
+msgid "Defining submodule properties"
+msgstr "Definiendo las propiedades del submódulo"
+
+#: command-list.h:201
+msgid "Git namespaces"
+msgstr "namespaces de Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:202
+msgid "Git Repository Layout"
+msgstr "Disposición del repositorio Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:203
+msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
+msgstr "Especificando revisiones y rangos para Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:204
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git: part two"
+msgstr "Un tutorial de introducción a Git: parte dos"
+
+#: command-list.h:205
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git"
+msgstr "Un tutorial de introducción para Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:206
+msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
+msgstr "Una visión general de flujos de trabajo recomendados con Git"
+
+#: rerere.h:40
+msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
+msgstr ""
+"actualizar el índice con la resolución de conflictos reutilizada si es "
+"posible"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
+msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
+msgstr "Debes iniciar con \"git bisect start\""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:60
+msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "¿Quieres que lo haga por ti [Y/n]? "
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:121
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
+msgstr "opción no reconocida: '$arg'"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:125
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
+msgstr "'$arg' no parece ser una revisión válida"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:154
+msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
+msgstr "Mal HEAD - Necesito un HEAD"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:167
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <valid-branch>'."
+msgstr ""
+"Error al comprobar '$start_head'. Intente 'git bisect reset <rama-válida>'."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:177
+msgid "won't bisect on cg-seek'ed tree"
+msgstr "no se bisecará en un árbol con cg-seek"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:181
+msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
+msgstr "Mal HEAD - ref simbólico extraño"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:233
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
+msgstr "Mal argumento bisect_write: $state"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:246
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
+msgstr "Mala entrada rev: $arg"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:265
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $bisected_head"
+msgstr "Mala entrada rev: $bisected_head"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:274
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
+msgstr "Mala entrada rev: $rev"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:283
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' can take only one argument."
+msgstr "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' solo puede tomar un argumento."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:306
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a $TERM_BAD commit."
+msgstr "Peligro: bisecando solo con un $TERM_BAD commit."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:312
+msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "¿Estás seguro [Y/n]? "
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:324
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You need to give me at least one $bad_syn and one $good_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
+msgstr ""
+"Tiene que dar al menos un $bad_syn y un $good_syn revision.\n"
+"(Puede ver \"git bisect $bad_syn\" y \"git bisect $good_syn\" para eso.)"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:327
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
+"You then need to give me at least one $good_syn and one $bad_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
+msgstr ""
+"Tiene que comenzar por \"git bisect start\".\n"
+"Después tiene que entregar al menos un $good_syn y un $bad_syn revision.\n"
+"(Puede usar \"git bisect $bad_syn\" y \"git bisect $good_syn\" para eso.)"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:398 git-bisect.sh:512
+msgid "We are not bisecting."
+msgstr "No estamos bisecando."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:405
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
+msgstr "'$invalid' no es un commit válido"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:414
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
+"Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
+msgstr ""
+"No se pudo revisar el HEAD original '$branch'.\n"
+"Intente 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:422
+msgid "No logfile given"
+msgstr "Ningún logfile proporcionado"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:423
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
+msgstr "no se puede leer $file para reproducir"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:444
+msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
+msgstr "?? ¿De qué estás hablando?"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:453
+msgid "bisect run failed: no command provided."
+msgstr "bisect falló: no se proveyó comando."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:458
+#, sh-format
+msgid "running $command"
+msgstr "ejecutando $command"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:465
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"exit code $res from '$command' is < 0 or >= 128"
+msgstr ""
+"bisect falló:\n"
+"código de salida $res de '$command' es <0 o >=128"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:491
+msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
+msgstr "bisect no puede seguir continuando"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:497
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"'bisect_state $state' exited with error code $res"
+msgstr ""
+"bisect falló:\n"
+"'bisect_state $state' salió con código de error $res"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:504
+msgid "bisect run success"
+msgstr "bisect exitoso"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:533
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Invalid command: you're currently in a $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD bisect."
+msgstr ""
+"Comando inválido: actualmente se encuentra en un bisect $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:567
+msgid "no terms defined"
+msgstr "no hay términos definidos"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:584
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"invalid argument $arg for 'git bisect terms'.\n"
+"Supported options are: --term-good|--term-old and --term-bad|--term-new."
+msgstr ""
+"argumento inválido $arg para 'git bisect terms'.\n"
+"Las opciones soportadas son: --term-good|--term-old and --term-bad|--term-"
+"new."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:46
+msgid ""
+"Error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by "
+"merge"
+msgstr ""
+"Error: Sus cambios locales de los siguientes archivos serán sobrescritos por "
+"la fusión"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:61
+msgid "Automated merge did not work."
+msgstr "Fusión automatizada no funcionó."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:62
+msgid "Should not be doing an octopus."
+msgstr "No debería hacer un pulpo."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:73
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find common commit with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "No es posible encontrar commit común con $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:77
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Already up to date with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Ya actualizado con $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding to: $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Realizando fast-forward a: $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:97
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Trying simple merge with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Intentando fusión simple con $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:102
+msgid "Simple merge did not work, trying automatic merge."
+msgstr "Fusión simple no funcionó, intentando fusión automática."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:61
+msgid ""
+"Resolve all conflicts manually, mark them as resolved with\n"
+"\"git add/rm <conflicted_files>\", then run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"You can instead skip this commit: run \"git rebase --skip\".\n"
+"To abort and get back to the state before \"git rebase\", run \"git rebase --"
+"abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Resuelva todos los conflictos manualmente ya sea con \n"
+"\"git add/rm <archivo_conflictivo>\", luego ejecute \"git rebase --continue"
+"\".\n"
+"Si prefiere saltar este parche, ejecute \"git rebase --skip\" .\n"
+"Para abortar y regresar al estado previo al \"git rebase\", ejecute \"git "
+"rebase --abort\"."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:173 git-rebase.sh:442
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
+msgstr "No se puede regresar a $head_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:184
+msgid "Applied autostash."
+msgstr "Autostash aplicado."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:187
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot store $stash_sha1"
+msgstr "No se puede almacenar $stash_sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:229
+msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
+msgstr "El hook pre-rebase rechazó el rebase."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:234
+msgid "It looks like 'git am' is in progress. Cannot rebase."
+msgstr "Parece que 'git am' está en progreso. No se puede rebasar."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:403
+msgid "No rebase in progress?"
+msgstr "No hay rebase en progreso?"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:414
+msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
+msgstr ""
+"La acción --edit-todo sólo puede ser usada al rebasar interactivamente."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:421
+msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "No se puede leer el HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:424
+msgid ""
+"You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
+"mark them as resolved using git add"
+msgstr ""
+"Tienes que editar todos los conflictos de fusión y luego\n"
+"marcarlos como resueltos usando git add"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:468
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
+"I wonder if you are in the middle of another rebase.  If that is the\n"
+"case, please try\n"
+"\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
+"If that is not the case, please\n"
+"\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
+"and run me again.  I am stopping in case you still have something\n"
+"valuable there."
+msgstr ""
+"Parece que ya hay un directorio $state_dir_base, y\n"
+"me pregunto si está en medio de otro rebase. Si ese es el \n"
+"caso, por favor intente\n"
+"\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
+"Si no es el caso, por favor\n"
+"\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
+"y ejecúteme nuevamente.  Me estoy deteniendo en caso de que tenga\n"
+"algo de valor ahí."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:509
+msgid "error: cannot combine '--signoff' with '--preserve-merges'"
+msgstr "error: no se puede combinar '--signoff' con '--preserve-merges'"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:537
+#, sh-format
+msgid "invalid upstream '$upstream_name'"
+msgstr "upstream inválido '$upstream_name'"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:561
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
+msgstr "$onto_name: hay más de una base de fusión"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:564 git-rebase.sh:568
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
+msgstr "$onto_name: no hay base de fusión"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:573
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
+msgstr "No apunta a un commit válido: $onto_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:599
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: no such branch/commit '$branch_name'"
+msgstr "fatal: no existe la rama/commit: '$branch_name'"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:632
+msgid "Cannot autostash"
+msgstr "No se puede ejecutar autostash"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:637
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Created autostash: $stash_abbrev"
+msgstr "Autostash creado: $stash_abbrev"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:641
+msgid "Please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "Por favor, confírmalos o guárdalos."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:664
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date."
+msgstr "HEAD está actualizado."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:666
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
+msgstr "La rama actual $branch_name está actualizada."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:674
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr "HEAD está actualizado, rebase forzado."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:676
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr "Rama actual $branch_name está actualizada, rebase forzado."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:688
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
+msgstr "Cambios desde $mb a $onto:"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:697
+msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
+msgstr ""
+"En primer lugar, rebobinando HEAD para después reproducir tus cambios encima "
+"de ésta..."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:707
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
+msgstr "Avance rápido de $branch_name a $onto_name."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:61
+msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
+msgstr "git stash clear con parámetros no está implementado"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:108
+msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
+msgstr "Aún no tienes un commit inicial"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:123
+msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
+msgstr "No se puede guardar el estado actual del índice"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:138
+msgid "Cannot save the untracked files"
+msgstr "No se pueden guardar los archivos no rastreados"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:158 git-stash.sh:171
+msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
+msgstr "No se puede guardar el estado actual del árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:175
+msgid "No changes selected"
+msgstr "Sin cambios seleccionados"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:178
+msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
+msgstr "No se puede remover el índice temporal (no puede suceder)"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:191
+msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
+msgstr "No se puede grabar el estado del árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:229
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot update $ref_stash with $w_commit"
+msgstr "No se puede actualizar $ref_stash con $w_commit"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:281
+#, sh-format
+msgid "error: unknown option for 'stash push': $option"
+msgstr "error: opción desconocida para 'stash pus': $option"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:295
+msgid "Can't use --patch and --include-untracked or --all at the same time"
+msgstr "No se puede usar --patch y --include-untracked o --all al mismo tiempo"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:303
+msgid "No local changes to save"
+msgstr "No hay cambios locales para guardar"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:308
+msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
+msgstr "No se puede inicializar stash"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:312
+msgid "Cannot save the current status"
+msgstr "No se puede guardar el estado actual"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:313
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Saved working directory and index state $stash_msg"
+msgstr "Directorio de trabajo guardado y estado de índice $stash_msg"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:342
+msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
+msgstr "No se pueden remover cambios del árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:490
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unknown option: $opt"
+msgstr "opción desconocida: $opt"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:503
+msgid "No stash entries found."
+msgstr "No se encontraron entradas de stash."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:510
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
+msgstr "Se especificaron demasiadas revisiones: $REV"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:525
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$reference is not a valid reference"
+msgstr "$reference no es una referencia válida"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:553
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
+msgstr "'$args' no es un commit estilo stash"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:564
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
+msgstr "'$args' no es una referencia stash"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:572
+msgid "unable to refresh index"
+msgstr "incapaz de refrescar el índice"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:576
+msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
+msgstr "No se puede aplicar un stash en medio de una fusión"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:584
+msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
+msgstr "Conflictos en índice. Intente sin --index."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:586
+msgid "Could not save index tree"
+msgstr "No se puede guardar el índice del árbol"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:595
+msgid "Could not restore untracked files from stash entry"
+msgstr "No se pueden restaurar archivos no rastreados de la entrada stash"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:620
+msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
+msgstr "No se puede sacar de stage archivos modificados"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:635
+msgid "Index was not unstashed."
+msgstr "El índice no fue sacado de stash."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:649
+msgid "The stash entry is kept in case you need it again."
+msgstr "La entrada de stash se guardó en caso de ser necesario nuevamente."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:658
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
+msgstr "Botado ${REV} ($s)"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:659
+#, sh-format
+msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
+msgstr "${REV}: No se pudo borrar entrada stash"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:667
+msgid "No branch name specified"
+msgstr "No se especificó el nombre de la rama"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:746
+msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
+msgstr "(Para restaurarlos, escribe \"git stash apply\")"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:188
+msgid "Relative path can only be used from the toplevel of the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+"La ruta relativa sólo se puede usar desde el nivel superior del árbol de "
+"trabajo"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:198
+#, sh-format
+msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
+msgstr "repo URL: '$repo' debe ser absoluta o iniciar con ./|../"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:217
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' ya existe en el índice"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:220
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index and is not a submodule"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' ya existe en el índice y no es un submódulo"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:226
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"Use -f if you really want to add it."
+msgstr ""
+"La siguiente ruta es ignorada por uno de tus archivos .gitignore:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"Usa -f si en verdad quieres agregarlo."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:249
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
+msgstr "Agregando el repositorio existente en '$sm_path' al índice"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:251
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' ya existe y no es un repositorio git válido"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:259
+#, sh-format
+msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
+msgstr ""
+"Se encontró localmente un directorio git para '$sm_name' con el(los) "
+"remoto(s):"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:261
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct "
+"repo\n"
+"or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
+"option."
+msgstr ""
+"Si quiere reusar este directorio git local en lugar de clonar nuevamente de\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"use la opción '--force'. Si el directorio git local no es el repositorio "
+"correcto\n"
+"o no está seguro de lo que esto significa, escoja otro nombre con la opción "
+"'--name'."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:267
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
+msgstr "Reactivar directorio git local para el submódulo '$sm_name'."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:279
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "No es posible hacer checkout al submódulo '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:284
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Falló al agregar el submódulo '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:293
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Falló al registrar el submódulo '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:354
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Entering '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Entrando a '$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:374
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopping at '$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgstr ""
+"Deteniendo en '$displaypath'; script retornó un status distinto de cero."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:600
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr ""
+"No se pudo encontrar la revisión actual en la ruta de submódulo "
+"'$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:610
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "No es posible realizar fetch en la ruta de submódulo '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:615
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to find current ${remote_name}/${branch} revision in submodule path "
+"'$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"No es posible encontrar revisión actual ${remote_name}/${branch} en la ruta "
+"de submódulo  '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:633
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "No es posible realizar fetch en la ruta de submódulo '$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:639
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Fetched in submodule path '$displaypath', but it did not contain $sha1. "
+"Direct fetching of that commit failed."
+msgstr ""
+"Fetch realizado en ruta de submódulo '$displaypath', pero no contenía $sha1. "
+"Fetch directo del commit falló."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:646
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "No es posible revisar '$sha1' en la ruta de submódulo '$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:647
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Ruta de submódulo '$displaypath': check out realizado a '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:651
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr ""
+"No se posible ejecutar rebase a '$sha1' en la ruta de submódulo "
+"'$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:652
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Ruta de submódulo '$displaypath': rebasada en '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:657
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Incapaz de fusionar '$sha1' en la ruta del submódulo '$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:658
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Ruta de submódulo '$displaypath': fusionada en '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:663
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr ""
+"Falló la ejecución  de  '$command $sha1' en la ruta de submódulo "
+"'$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:664
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': '$command $sha1'"
+msgstr "Ruta de submódulo '$displaypath': '$command $sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:695
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Falló al recurrir en la ruta de submódulo '$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:791
+msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
+msgstr "La opción --cached no puede ser usada con la opción --files"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
+msgstr "modo $mod_dst inesperado"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:863
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgstr "  Advertencia: $display_name no contiene el commit $sha1_src"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:866
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  Advertencia: $display_name no contiene el commit $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:869
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgstr ""
+"  Advertencia: $display_name no contiene los commits $sha1_src y $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "See git-${cmd}(1) for details."
+msgstr "Véase git-${cmd}(1) para más detalles."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:142
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Rebasing ($new_count/$total)"
+msgstr "Rebasando ($new_count/$total)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:158
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Commands:\n"
+"p, pick <commit> = use commit\n"
+"r, reword <commit> = use commit, but edit the commit message\n"
+"e, edit <commit> = use commit, but stop for amending\n"
+"s, squash <commit> = use commit, but meld into previous commit\n"
+"f, fixup <commit> = like \"squash\", but discard this commit's log message\n"
+"x, exec <command> = run command (the rest of the line) using shell\n"
+"d, drop <commit> = remove commit\n"
+"l, label <label> = label current HEAD with a name\n"
+"t, reset <label> = reset HEAD to a label\n"
+"m, merge [-C <commit> | -c <commit>] <label> [# <oneline>]\n"
+".       create a merge commit using the original merge commit's\n"
+".       message (or the oneline, if no original merge commit was\n"
+".       specified). Use -c <commit> to reword the commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Comandos:\n"
+"p, pick <commit> = usar commit\n"
+"r, reword <commit> = usar commit, pero editar el mensaje de commit\n"
+"e, edit <commit> = usar commit, pero parar para un amend\n"
+"s, squash <commit> = usar commit, pero fusionarlo en el commit previo\n"
+"f, fixup <commit> = como \"squash\", pero descarta el mensaje del log de "
+"este commit\n"
+"x, exec <commit> = ejecuta comando ( el resto de la línea) usando un shell\n"
+"d, drop <commit> = remover commit\n"
+"l, label <label> = poner label al HEAD actual con un nombre\n"
+"t, reset <label> = reiniciar HEAD a el label\n"
+"m, merge [-C <commit> | -c <commit>] <label> [# <oneline>]\n"
+".       crea un commit de fusión usando el mensaje original de\n"
+".       fusión (o la línea de oneline, si no se especifica un mensaje\n"
+".       de commit). Use -c <commit> para reescribir el mensaje del commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Estas líneas pueden ser reordenadas; son ejecutadas desde arriba hacia "
+"abajo.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:179
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Do not remove any line. Use 'drop' explicitly to remove a commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"No eliminar ninguna línea. Usa 'drop' explícitamente para borrar un commit \n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:183
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Si remueves una línea aquí EL COMMIT SE PERDER�.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:221
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You can amend the commit now, with\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Once you are satisfied with your changes, run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"Puede enmendar el commit ahora, con\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Una vez que esté satisfecho con los cambios, ejecute\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:246
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$sha1: not a commit that can be picked"
+msgstr "$sha1: no es un commit que pueda ser cogido"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:285
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Invalid commit name: $sha1"
+msgstr "Nombre de commit inválido: $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:325
+msgid "Cannot write current commit's replacement sha1"
+msgstr "No se puede escribir el remplazo sha1 del commit actual"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:376
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "Avance rápido a $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:378
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "No se puede realizar avance rápido a $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:387
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot move HEAD to $first_parent"
+msgstr "No se puede mover HEAD a $first_parent"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:392
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Refusing to squash a merge: $sha1"
+msgstr "Rehusando a ejecutar squash en fusión: $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:410
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Error redoing merge $sha1"
+msgstr "Error rehaciendo fusión $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:419
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not pick $sha1"
+msgstr "No se pudo coger $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:428
+#, sh-format
+msgid "This is the commit message #${n}:"
+msgstr "Este es el mensaje del commit #${n}:"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:433
+#, sh-format
+msgid "The commit message #${n} will be skipped:"
+msgstr "El mensaje del commit  #${n} será ignorado:"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:444
+#, sh-format
+msgid "This is a combination of $count commit."
+msgid_plural "This is a combination of $count commits."
+msgstr[0] "Esta es una combinación de $count commit."
+msgstr[1] "Esta es la combinación de $count commits."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:453
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot write $fixup_msg"
+msgstr "No se puede escribir $fixup_msg"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:456
+msgid "This is a combination of 2 commits."
+msgstr "Esto es una combinación de 2 commits."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:497 git-rebase--interactive.sh:540
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:543
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
+msgstr "No se puede aplicar $sha1... $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:572
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not amend commit after successfully picking $sha1... $rest\n"
+"This is most likely due to an empty commit message, or the pre-commit hook\n"
+"failed. If the pre-commit hook failed, you may need to resolve the issue "
+"before\n"
+"you are able to reword the commit."
+msgstr ""
+"No se pudo corregir commit después de seleccionar exitosamente $sha1 ... "
+"$rest\n"
+"Esto es probablemente debido a un mensaje de commit vacío, o el hook pre-"
+"commit\n"
+"ha fallado. Si el hook pre-commit falló, es posible que deba resolver el "
+"problema antes\n"
+"de que sea capaz de reformular el commit."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:587
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopped at $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+msgstr "Detenido en $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:602
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot '$squash_style' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "No se puede '$squash_style' sin un commit previo"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:644
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Executing: $rest"
+msgstr "Ejecutando: $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:652
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Execution failed: $rest"
+msgstr "Ejecución fallida: $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:654
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree"
+msgstr "y hizo cambios al índice y/o al árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:656
+msgid ""
+"You can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"Puedes corregir el problema y entonces ejecutar\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: after these lines is a command to be issued by the user
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:669
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Execution succeeded: $rest\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"La ejecución tuvo éxito: $rest\n"
+"Pero dejó cambios en el índice y/o en el árbol de trabajo\n"
+"Realice un commit o stash con los cambios y, a continuación, ejecute\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:680
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unknown command: $command $sha1 $rest"
+msgstr "Comando desconocido: $command $sha1 $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:681
+msgid "Please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "Por favor, corrige esto usando 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:716
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Successfully rebased and updated $head_name."
+msgstr "$head_name rebasado y actualizado satisfactoriamente."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:740
+msgid "could not detach HEAD"
+msgstr "no se puede desacoplar HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:778
+msgid "Could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "No se pudo remover CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:783
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You have staged changes in your working tree.\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be\n"
+"squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Tiene cambios en el área de stage de su árbol de trabajo.\n"
+"Si estos cambios están destinados a \n"
+"ser aplastados en el commit previo, ejecute:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Si estos están destinados a ir en un nuevo commit, ejecute:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"En ambos casos, cuando termine, continue con:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:800
+msgid "Error trying to find the author identity to amend commit"
+msgstr ""
+"Error tratando de encontrar la identidad del autor para remediar el commit"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:805
+msgid ""
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+"Tienes cambios sin confirmar en tu árbol de trabajo. Por favor, confírmalos\n"
+"primero y entonces ejecuta 'git rebase --continue' de nuevo."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:810 git-rebase--interactive.sh:814
+msgid "Could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "No se pudo realizar el commit con los cambios en el área de stage."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:843
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.\n"
+"To continue rebase after editing, run:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Esta editando el archivo TODO de un rebase interactivo.\n"
+"Para continuar el rebase después de editar, ejecute:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:851 git-rebase--interactive.sh:937
+msgid "Could not execute editor"
+msgstr "No se pudo ejecutar el editor"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:872
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not checkout $switch_to"
+msgstr "No se pudo actualizar el árbol de trabajo a $switch_to"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:879
+msgid "No HEAD?"
+msgstr "¿Sin HEAD?"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:880
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not create temporary $state_dir"
+msgstr "No se pudo crear $state_dir temporalmente"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:883
+msgid "Could not mark as interactive"
+msgstr "No se pudo marcar como interactivo"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:915
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount command)"
+msgid_plural "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount commands)"
+msgstr[0] "Rebase $shortrevisions en $shortonto ($todocount comando)"
+msgstr[1] "Rebase $shortrevisions en $shortonto ($todocount comandos)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:920
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\tHowever, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.\n"
+"\n"
+"\t"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"\tComo sea, si quieres borrar todo, el rebase será abortado.\n"
+"\n"
+"\t"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:927
+msgid "Note that empty commits are commented out"
+msgstr "Tenga en cuenta que los commits vacíos están comentados"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:980
+msgid "Could not generate todo list"
+msgstr "No se pudo generar lista de pendientes"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1001 git-rebase--interactive.sh:1006
+msgid "Could not init rewritten commits"
+msgstr "No se puede inicializar los commits reescritos"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:89 git-sh-setup.sh:94
+#, sh-format
+msgid "usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+msgstr "uso: $dashless $USAGE"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:190
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot chdir to $cdup, the toplevel of the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+"No se puede aplicar chdir a $cdup, el nivel máximo del árbol de trabajo"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:199 git-sh-setup.sh:206
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: $program_name cannot be used without a working tree."
+msgstr "fatal: $program_name no puede ser usado sin un árbol de trabajo."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:220
+msgid "Cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+"No se puede aplicar rebase: Tienes cambios que no están en el área de stage."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:223
+msgid "Cannot rewrite branches: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+"No se puede reescribir las ramas: Tienes cambios que no están en el área de "
+"stage."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:226
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+"No se puede aplicar pull con rebase: Tienes cambios que no están en el área "
+"de stage."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:229
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot $action: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "No se puede $action: Tienes cambios que no están en el área de stage."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:242
+msgid "Cannot rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"No se puede hacer rebase: Tu índice contiene cambios que no están en un "
+"commit."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:245
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"No se puede hacer pull con rebase: Tu índice contiene cambios que no están "
+"en un commit."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:248
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot $action: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "No se puede $action: El índice contiene cambios sin confirmar."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:252
+msgid "Additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "Adicionalmente, tu índice contiene cambios que no están en un commit."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:372
+msgid "You need to run this command from the toplevel of the working tree."
+msgstr ""
+"Necesitas ejecutar este comando desde el nivel superior de tu árbol de "
+"trabajo."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:377
+msgid "Unable to determine absolute path of git directory"
+msgstr "Incapaz de determinar la ruta absoluta del directorio git"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: you can adjust this to align "git add -i" status menu
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:196
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%12s %12s %s"
+msgstr "%12s %12s %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "staged"
+msgstr "rastreado"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "unstaged"
+msgstr "no rastreado"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:253 git-add--interactive.perl:278
+msgid "binary"
+msgstr "binario"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:262 git-add--interactive.perl:316
+msgid "nothing"
+msgstr "nada"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:298 git-add--interactive.perl:313
+msgid "unchanged"
+msgstr "sin cambios"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:609
+#, perl-format
+msgid "added %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "added %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "agregada %d ruta\n"
+msgstr[1] "agregadas %d rutas\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:612
+#, perl-format
+msgid "updated %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "updated %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "actualizada %d ruta\n"
+msgstr[1] "actualizadas %d rutas\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:615
+#, perl-format
+msgid "reverted %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "reverted %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "revertida %d ruta\n"
+msgstr[1] "revertidas %d rutas\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:618
+#, perl-format
+msgid "touched %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "touched %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "touch hecho a %d ruta\n"
+msgstr[1] "touch hecho a %d rutas\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:627
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "Actualizar"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:639
+msgid "Revert"
+msgstr "Revertir"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:662
+#, perl-format
+msgid "note: %s is untracked now.\n"
+msgstr "nota: %s no es rastreado ahora.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:673
+msgid "Add untracked"
+msgstr "Agregar no rastreados"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:679
+msgid "No untracked files.\n"
+msgstr "No hay archivos sin rastrear.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1033
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for staging."
+msgstr ""
+"Si el parche aplica limpiamente, el hunk editado sera marcado\n"
+"inmediatamente para el área de stage."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1036
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for stashing."
+msgstr ""
+"Si el parche aplica limpiamente, el hunk editado sera marcado\n"
+"inmediatamente para aplicar stash."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1039
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for unstaging."
+msgstr ""
+"Si el parche aplica limpiamente, el hunk editado sera marcado\n"
+"inmediatamente para sacar del área de stage."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1042 git-add--interactive.perl:1051
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for applying."
+msgstr ""
+"Si el parche aplica de forma limpia, el hunk editado sera marcado \n"
+"inmediatamente para aplicar."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1045 git-add--interactive.perl:1048
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for discarding."
+msgstr ""
+"Si el parche aplica de forma limpia, el hunk editado sera marcado\n"
+"inmediatamente para descarte."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1085
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for writing: %s"
+msgstr "falló al abrir el archivo de adición del hunk para escritura: %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1086
+msgid "Manual hunk edit mode -- see bottom for a quick guide.\n"
+msgstr "Modo de edición manual de hunk -- vea abajo para una guía rápida.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1092
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"---\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, delete them.\n"
+"Lines starting with %s will be removed.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"---\n"
+"Para remover '%s' líneas, haga de ellas líneas  ' '  (contexto).\n"
+"Para remover '%s' líneas, bórrelas.\n"
+"Lineas comenzando con  %s serán removidas.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: 'it' refers to the patch mentioned in the previous messages.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1100
+msgid ""
+"If it does not apply cleanly, you will be given an opportunity to\n"
+"edit again.  If all lines of the hunk are removed, then the edit is\n"
+"aborted and the hunk is left unchanged.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Si esto no aplica de manera limpia, se le da la oportunidad de \n"
+"editar nuevamente. Si todas las líneas del hunk son removidas, entonces \n"
+"la edición es abortada y el hunk queda sin cambios.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1114
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for reading: %s"
+msgstr "falló al abrir el archivo de edición del hunk para lectura: %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: do not translate [y/n]
+#. The program will only accept that input
+#. at this point.
+#. Consider translating (saying "no" discards!) as
+#. (saying "n" for "no" discards!) if the translation
+#. of the word "no" does not start with n.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1213
+msgid ""
+"Your edited hunk does not apply. Edit again (saying \"no\" discards!) [y/n]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Tu hunk editado no aplica. Editar nuevamente (decir \"no\" descarta!) [y/n]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1222
+msgid ""
+"y - stage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - aplicar stage a este hunk\n"
+"n - no aplicar stage a este hunk\n"
+"q - quit; no aplicar stage a este hunk o ninguno de los restantes\n"
+"a - aplicar stage a este hunk y a todos los posteriores en el archivo \n"
+"d - no aplicar stage a este hunk o a ninguno de los posteriores en este "
+"archivo"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1228
+msgid ""
+"y - stash this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stash this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stash this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stash this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stash this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - aplicar stash a este hunk\n"
+"n - no aplicar stash a este hunk\n"
+"q - quit; no aplicar stash a este hunk o a ninguno de los restantes\n"
+"a - aplicar stash a este hunk y a todos los posteriores en el archivo\n"
+"d - no aplicar stash a este hunk o ninguno de los posteriores en el archivo"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1234
+msgid ""
+"y - unstage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not unstage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not unstage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - unstage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not unstage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - sacar desde hunk del área de stage\n"
+"n - no sacar este hunk del area de stage\n"
+"q - quit; no sacar del area de stage este hunk o ninguno de los restantes\n"
+"a - sacar del area de stage este hunk y todos los posteriores en el archivo\n"
+"d - no sacar del area de stage este hunk o ninguno de los posteriores en el "
+"archivo"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1240
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - aplicar este hunk al índice\n"
+"n - no aplicar este hunk al índice\n"
+"q - quit; no aplicar este hunk o ninguno de los restantes\n"
+"a - aplicar este hunk y todos los posteriores en el archivo\n"
+"d - no aplicar este hunko ninguno de los posteriores en el archivo"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1246
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - descartar este hunk del árbol de trabajo\n"
+"n - no descartar este hunk del árbol de trabajo\n"
+"q - quit; no descartar este hunk o ninguno de los que restantes\n"
+"a - descartar este hunk y todos los posteriores en este archivo\n"
+"d - no descartar este hunk o ninguno de los posteriores en el archivo"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1252
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - descartar este hunk del índice y el árbol de trabajo\n"
+"n - no descartar este hunk del índice ni el árbol de trabajo\n"
+"q - quit; no descartar este hunk o ninguno de los que quedan\n"
+"a - descartar este hunk y todos los posteriores en este archivo\n"
+"d - no descartar este hunk o ninguno posterior en el archivo"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1258
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - aplicar este hunk al índice y al árbol de trabajo\n"
+"n - no aplicar este hunk al índice y al árbol de trabajo\n"
+"q - quit;  no aplicar este hunk o ninguno de los restantes\n"
+"a - aplicar este hunk y todos los posteriores en el archivo\n"
+"d - no aplicar este hunk o ninguno de los siguientes en este archivo"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1273
+msgid ""
+"g - select a hunk to go to\n"
+"/ - search for a hunk matching the given regex\n"
+"j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk\n"
+"J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk\n"
+"k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk\n"
+"K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk\n"
+"s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks\n"
+"e - manually edit the current hunk\n"
+"? - print help\n"
+msgstr ""
+"g - selecciona un hunk a donde ir\n"
+"/ - buscar un hunk que concuerde el  regex\n"
+"j - dejar este hunk por definir, ver siguiente hunk por definir\n"
+"J - dejar este hunk por definir, ver siguiente hunk\n"
+"k - dejar este hunk por definir, ver hunk previo por definir\n"
+"K - dejar este hunk por definir, ver hunk previo\n"
+"s - dividir el  hunk actual en hunks mas pequeños\n"
+"e - editar manualmente el hunk actual\n"
+"? - imprimir ayuda\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1304
+msgid "The selected hunks do not apply to the index!\n"
+msgstr "Los hunks seleccionados no aplican al índice!\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1305
+msgid "Apply them to the worktree anyway? "
+msgstr "Aplicarlos al árbol de trabajo de todas maneras? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1308
+msgid "Nothing was applied.\n"
+msgstr "Nada fue aplicado.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1319
+#, perl-format
+msgid "ignoring unmerged: %s\n"
+msgstr "ignorando lo no fusionado: %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1328
+msgid "Only binary files changed.\n"
+msgstr "Solo cambiaron archivos binarios.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1330
+msgid "No changes.\n"
+msgstr "Sin cambios.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1338
+msgid "Patch update"
+msgstr "Actualización del parche"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1390
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Cambio de modo de stage [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1391
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplicar stage al borrado [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1392
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplicar stage a este hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1395
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplicar stash al cambio de modo [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1396
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplicar stash al borrado [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1397
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplicar stash a este hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1400
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Sacar cambio de modo del stage [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1401
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Sacar borrado del stage [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1402
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Sacar este hunk del stage [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1405
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplicar cambio de modo al índice [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1406
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplicar borrado al índice [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1407
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplicar este hunk al índice [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1410
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Descartar cambio de modo del árbol de trabajo [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1411
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Descartar borrado del árbol de trabajo [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1412
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Descartar este hunk del árbol de trabajo [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1415
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Descartar cambio de modo del índice y el árbol de trabajo [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1416
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Descartar borrado del índice y el árbol de trabajo [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1417
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Descartar este hunk del índice y el árbol de trabajo [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1420
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Aplicar cambio de modo para el índice y el árbol de trabajo [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1421
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplicar borrado al índice y al árbol de trabajo [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1422
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplicar este hunk al índice y árbol de trabajo [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1522
+msgid "No other hunks to goto\n"
+msgstr "No hay más pedazos para el ir\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1529
+msgid "go to which hunk (<ret> to see more)? "
+msgstr "a que hunk ir (<enter> para ver mas)? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1531
+msgid "go to which hunk? "
+msgstr "a que hunk ir? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1540
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Invalid number: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Numero invalido: '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1545
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sorry, only %d hunk available.\n"
+msgid_plural "Sorry, only %d hunks available.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Lo siento, solo %d hunk disponible.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Lo siento, solo %d hunks disponibles.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1571
+msgid "No other hunks to search\n"
+msgstr "No hay más pedazos para buscar\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1575
+msgid "search for regex? "
+msgstr "buscar para regexp? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1588
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Malformed search regexp %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "Regexp para la búsqueda mal formado %s: %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1598
+msgid "No hunk matches the given pattern\n"
+msgstr "No hay hunks que concuerden con el patrón entregado.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1610 git-add--interactive.perl:1632
+msgid "No previous hunk\n"
+msgstr "No el anterior hunk\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1619 git-add--interactive.perl:1638
+msgid "No next hunk\n"
+msgstr "No el siguiente hunk\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1644
+msgid "Sorry, cannot split this hunk\n"
+msgstr "Perdón, no se puede dividir este pedazo\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1650
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Split into %d hunk.\n"
+msgid_plural "Split into %d hunks.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Cortar en %d hunk.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Cortar en  %d hunks.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1660
+msgid "Sorry, cannot edit this hunk\n"
+msgstr "Perdón, no se puede editar este pedazo\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1706
+msgid "Review diff"
+msgstr "Revisión de  diff"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please do not translate the command names
+#. 'status', 'update', 'revert', etc.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1725
+msgid ""
+"status        - show paths with changes\n"
+"update        - add working tree state to the staged set of changes\n"
+"revert        - revert staged set of changes back to the HEAD version\n"
+"patch         - pick hunks and update selectively\n"
+"diff          - view diff between HEAD and index\n"
+"add untracked - add contents of untracked files to the staged set of "
+"changes\n"
+msgstr ""
+"status        - muestra las rutas con cambios\n"
+"update        - agrega el estado del árbol de trabajo al set de cambios en "
+"el área de stage\n"
+"revert        - revierte los cambios en el área de stage de regreso a la "
+"versión HEAD\n"
+"patch         - selecciona los hunks y actualiza de forma selectiva\n"
+"diff          - mirar la diff entre HEAD y el índice\n"
+"add untracked - agrega contenidos de archivos no rastreados al grupo de "
+"cambios del area de stage\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1742 git-add--interactive.perl:1747
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1750 git-add--interactive.perl:1757
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1761 git-add--interactive.perl:1767
+msgid "missing --"
+msgstr "falta --"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1763
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unknown --patch mode: %s"
+msgstr "modo --patch desconocido: %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1769 git-add--interactive.perl:1775
+#, perl-format
+msgid "invalid argument %s, expecting --"
+msgstr "argumento invalido %s, se esperaba --"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:130
+msgid "local zone differs from GMT by a non-minute interval\n"
+msgstr "la zona local difiere de GMT por un intervalo de cero minutos\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:137 git-send-email.perl:143
+msgid "local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n"
+msgstr "el offset del tiempo local es mayor o igual a 24 horas\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:211 git-send-email.perl:217
+msgid "the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything"
+msgstr "el editor se cerro inapropiadamente, abortando todo"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:294
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' contains an intermediate version of the email you were composing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' contiene una versión intermedia del correo que se estaba generando.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:299
+#, perl-format
+msgid "'%s.final' contains the composed email.\n"
+msgstr "'%s.final' contiene el email generado.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:317
+msgid "--dump-aliases incompatible with other options\n"
+msgstr "--dump-aliases no es compatible con otras opciones.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:383 git-send-email.perl:638
+msgid "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+msgstr "No se puede ejecutar git format-patch desde fuera del repositorio.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:386
+msgid ""
+"`batch-size` and `relogin` must be specified together (via command-line or "
+"configuration option)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"`batch-size` y `relogin` deben ser especificados juntos (via la línea de "
+"comando o por opción de configuración)\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:456
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --suppress-cc field: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Campo --suppress-cc desconocido: '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:485
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --confirm setting: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Configuración --confirm desconocida: '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:513
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail alias with quotes is not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "peligro: alias de sendmail  con comillas no es soportado: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:515
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `:include:` not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "peligro: `:include:` no soportado: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:517
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `/file` or `|pipe` redirection not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "advertencia: redirección `/file` o `|pipe` no soportada : %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:522
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail line is not recognized: %s\n"
+msgstr "advertencia: línea sendmail no reconocida: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:604
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"File '%s' exists but it could also be the range of commits\n"
+"to produce patches for.  Please disambiguate by...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * Saying \"./%s\" if you mean a file; or\n"
+"    * Giving --format-patch option if you mean a range.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Archivo '%s' existe pero podría ser el rango de commits \n"
+"para producir los parches.  Por favor elimina la ambigüedad...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * Diciendo \"./%s\" si se quiere decir un archivo; o\n"
+"    * Agregando la opción --format-patch si se quiere decir un rango.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:625
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to opendir %s: %s"
+msgstr "Falló al abrir directorio %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:649
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"fatal: %s: %s\n"
+"warning: no patches were sent\n"
+msgstr ""
+"fatal: %s: %s\n"
+"peligro: no se mandaron parches\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:660
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"No patch files specified!\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"No se especificaron parches!\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:673
+#, perl-format
+msgid "No subject line in %s?"
+msgstr "No hay línea de subject en %s?"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:683
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open for writing %s: %s"
+msgstr "Falló al abrir para escritura %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:694
+msgid ""
+"Lines beginning in \"GIT:\" will be removed.\n"
+"Consider including an overall diffstat or table of contents\n"
+"for the patch you are writing.\n"
+"\n"
+"Clear the body content if you don't wish to send a summary.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Lineas que comienzan en \"GIT:\" serán removidas.\n"
+"Considere incluir un diffstat global o una tabla de contenidos\n"
+"para el parche que esta escribiendo.\n"
+"\n"
+"Limpiar el contenido de body si usted no desea mandar un resumen.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:718
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s: %s"
+msgstr "Falló al abrir %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:735
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s.final: %s"
+msgstr "Falló al abrir %s.final: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:778
+msgid "Summary email is empty, skipping it\n"
+msgstr "Archivo de resumen esta vacío, saltando al siguiente\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep [y/N] as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:813
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to use <%s> [y/N]? "
+msgstr "Esta seguro de que desea usar <%s> [y/N]? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:868
+msgid ""
+"The following files are 8bit, but do not declare a Content-Transfer-"
+"Encoding.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Los siguientes archivos son 8bit, pero no declaran un Content-Transfer-"
+"Encoding.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:873
+msgid "Which 8bit encoding should I declare [UTF-8]? "
+msgstr "Que codificación de 8bit debería declarar [UTF-8]? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:881
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"Refusing to send because the patch\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"has the template subject '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. Pass --force if you really "
+"want to send.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Rehusando mandar el parche porque\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"tiene el template  '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. Agrega --force si realmente lo "
+"deseas mandar.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:900
+msgid "To whom should the emails be sent (if anyone)?"
+msgstr "A quien se deben mandar los correos (si existe)?"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:918
+#, perl-format
+msgid "fatal: alias '%s' expands to itself\n"
+msgstr "fatal: alias '%s' se expande a si mismo\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:930
+msgid "Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email (if any)? "
+msgstr ""
+"Qué id de mensaje será usado como En-Respuesta-Para en el primer email (si "
+"existe alguno)? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:988 git-send-email.perl:996
+#, perl-format
+msgid "error: unable to extract a valid address from: %s\n"
+msgstr "error: no es posible extraer una dirección valida de %s\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [q] [d] [e] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1000
+msgid "What to do with this address? ([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit): "
+msgstr "Que hacer con esta dirección? ([q]salir|[d]botar|[e]ditar): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1317
+#, perl-format
+msgid "CA path \"%s\" does not exist"
+msgstr "Ruta CA \"%s\" no existe"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1400
+msgid ""
+"    The Cc list above has been expanded by additional\n"
+"    addresses found in the patch commit message. By default\n"
+"    send-email prompts before sending whenever this occurs.\n"
+"    This behavior is controlled by the sendemail.confirm\n"
+"    configuration setting.\n"
+"\n"
+"    For additional information, run 'git send-email --help'.\n"
+"    To retain the current behavior, but squelch this message,\n"
+"    run 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"    La lista Cc ha sido expandida por direcciones adicionales\n"
+"    encontradas en el mensaje de commit parchado.. Por defecto\n"
+"    send-email se muestra antes de mandar cualquier cada vez que esto "
+"sucede.\n"
+"    Este comportamiento is controlado por el valor de configuración "
+"sendemail.confirm.\n"
+"\n"
+"    Para mas información, ejecuta 'git send-email --help'.\n"
+"    Para mantener el comportamiento actual, pero evitar este mensaje,\n"
+"    ejecuta 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y] [n] [e] [q] [a] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1415
+msgid "Send this email? ([y]es|[n]o|[e]dit|[q]uit|[a]ll): "
+msgstr "Mandar este email? ([y]si||[n]o|[e]editar|[q]salir|[a]todo): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1418
+msgid "Send this email reply required"
+msgstr "Necesitas mandar esta respuesta de email"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1446
+msgid "The required SMTP server is not properly defined."
+msgstr "El servidor SMTP no esta definido adecuadamente."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1493
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Server does not support STARTTLS! %s"
+msgstr "Servidor no soporta STARTTLS! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1498 git-send-email.perl:1502
+#, perl-format
+msgid "STARTTLS failed! %s"
+msgstr "Falló STARTTLS! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1512
+msgid "Unable to initialize SMTP properly. Check config and use --smtp-debug."
+msgstr ""
+"No es posible inicializar SMTP adecuadamente. Verificar config y usar ---"
+"smtp-debug."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1530
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to send %s\n"
+msgstr "Falló al enviar %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Dry-Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "Dry-Sent %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "Enviado %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1535
+msgid "Dry-OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "Dry-OK. Log dice:\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1535
+msgid "OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "OK. Log dice:\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1547
+msgid "Result: "
+msgstr "Resultado: "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1550
+msgid "Result: OK\n"
+msgstr "Resultado: OK\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1568
+#, perl-format
+msgid "can't open file %s"
+msgstr "no se puede abrir el archivo %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1615 git-send-email.perl:1635
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) Agregando cc: %s de línea '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1621
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding to: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) Agregando para: %s de la línea '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1674
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(non-mbox) Agregando cc: %s de la línea '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1699
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(body) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(body) Agregando cc: %s de la línea '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1817
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Could not execute '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) no se pudo ejecutar '%s'"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1824
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Adding %s: %s from: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(%s) Agregando %s: %s de: '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1828
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) failed to close pipe to '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) falló al cerrar el pipe para '%s'"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1855
+msgid "cannot send message as 7bit"
+msgstr "no se puede mandar mensaje como 7bit"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1863
+msgid "invalid transfer encoding"
+msgstr "codificación de transferencia invalida"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1901 git-send-email.perl:1952 git-send-email.perl:1962
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unable to open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "no es posible abrir %s: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1904
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%s: patch contains a line longer than 998 characters"
+msgstr "%s: el parche contiene una línea con mas de 998 caracteres"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1920
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Skipping %s with backup suffix '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "Saltando %s con el sufijo de backup '%s'.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep "[y|N]" as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1924
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Do you really want to send %s? [y|N]: "
+msgstr "Realmente deseas mandar %s?[y|N]: "
+
+#~ msgid "Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So"
+#~ msgstr "Git diario con 20 comandos o algo así"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+#~ msgstr "No se pudo abrir '%s' para escritura"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "unexpected 1st line of squash message:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "1ra línea del mensaje squash no esperada:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "invalid 1st line of squash message:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "1ra línea del mensaje squash inválida:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+
+#~ msgid "BUG: returned path string doesn't match cwd?"
+#~ msgstr "BUG: string de ruta recibido no concuerda con cwd?"
+
+#~ msgid "Error in object"
+#~ msgstr "Error en el objeto"
+
+#~ msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+#~ msgstr "git getch-pack: se esperaba ACK/NAK, se obtuvo EOF"
+
+#~ msgid "invalid filter-spec expression '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "expresión filter-spec inválida '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "The copy of the patch that failed is found in: %s"
+#~ msgstr "La copia del parche que fallido se encuentra en: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "pathspec and --all are incompatible"
+#~ msgstr "pathspec y --all son incompatibles"
+
+#~ msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$displaypath'"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Anulado el registro del submódulo '$name' ($url) para la ruta "
+#~ "'$displaypath'"
+
+#~ msgid "To/Cc/Bcc fields are not interpreted yet, they have been ignored\n"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Campos Para/Cc/Bcc no han sido interpretados todavía, han sido ignorados\n"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "empty strings as pathspecs will be made invalid in upcoming releases. "
+#~ "please use . instead if you meant to match all paths"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "los strings vacíos como pathspecs serán inválidas en las próximas "
+#~ "versiones. por favor use . si quería hacer coincidir todas las rutas"
+
+#~ msgid "unable to open '%s' for writing"
+#~ msgstr "No se pudo abrir '%s' para escritura"
+
+#~ msgid "could not truncate '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "no se pudo truncar '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "could not finish '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "no se pudo finalizar '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "could not close %s"
+#~ msgstr "no se pudo cerrar %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Copied a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+#~ msgstr "Copiada una rama mal llamada '%s' afuera"
+
+#~ msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
+#~ msgstr "No tiene sentido crear 'HEAD' manualmente"
+
+#~ msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
+#~ msgstr "No se sabe como clonar %s"
+
+#~ msgid "show ignored files"
+#~ msgstr "mostrar archivos ignorados"
+
+#~ msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
+#~ msgstr "%s no es un objeto '%s' válido"
+
+#~ msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
+#~ msgstr "No se sabe como extraer de %s"
+
+#~ msgid "'$term' is not a valid term"
+#~ msgstr "'$term' no es un término válido"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
+#~ "       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "error: opción desconocida para 'stash save': $option\n"
+#~ "       Esto provee un mensaje , use git stash save -- '$option'"
+
+#~ msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+#~ msgstr "Falló al recurrir en la ruta de submódulo '$sm_path'"
+
+#~ msgid "%%(trailers) does not take arguments"
+#~ msgstr "%%(trailers) no toma argumentos"
+
+#~ msgid "submodule update strategy not supported for submodule '%s'"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "estrategia de actualización de submódulo no soportada para submódulo '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "change upstream info"
+#~ msgstr "cambie info de upstream"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Si querías hacer que '%s' rastree '%s', haz esto:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+
+#~ msgid "basename"
+#~ msgstr "nombre base"
+
+#~ msgid "prepend parent project's basename to output"
+#~ msgstr "anteponer el nombre base del proyecto padre a la salida"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Warning: the SHA-1 is missing or isn't a commit in the following line:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Peligro: falta el SHA-1 o no es un commit en la siguiente línea:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Warning: the command isn't recognized in the following line:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Peligro: el comando no es reconocido en la siguiente línea:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
+
+#~ msgid "Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'."
+#~ msgstr "O puedes abortar el rebasamiento con 'git rebase --abort'."
diff --git a/po/fr.po b/po/fr.po
index 3235879de0..2bae753604 100644
--- a/po/fr.po
+++ b/po/fr.po
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # French translations for Git.
-# Copyright (C) 2013 Jean-Noël Avila <jn.avila@free.fr>
+# Copyright (C) 2018 Jean-Noël Avila <jn.avila@free.fr>
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
-# Jean-Noël Avila <jn.avila@free.fr>, 2013.
+# Jean-Noël Avila <jn.avila@free.fr>, 2018.
 # Sébastien Helleu <flashcode@flashtux.org>, 2013.
 #
 # French translations of common Git words used in this file:
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 #   to debug         |  déboguer
 #   debugging        |  débogage
 #   to deflate       |  compresser
-#   email            |  e-mail
+#   email            |  courriel
 #   entry            |  élément
 #   fast-forward     |  avance rapide
 #   fast-forwarded   |  mis à jour en avance rapide
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@
 #   to prune         |  éliminer
 #   to push          |  pousser
 #   to rebase        |  rebaser
+#   trailers         |  lignes terminales
 #   repository       |  dépôt
 #   remote           |  distante (ou serveur distant)
 #   revision         |  révision
@@ -73,8 +74,8 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: git\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-01-21 14:21+0800\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-01-21 14:57+0800\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-06-16 22:06+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-06-16 20:42+0200\n"
 "Last-Translator: Jean-Noël Avila <jn.avila@free.fr>\n"
 "Language-Team: Jean-Noël Avila <jn.avila@free.fr>\n"
 "Language: fr\n"
@@ -83,113 +84,860 @@ msgstr ""
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n<=1 ?0 : 1;\n"
 
-#: advice.c:55
+#: advice.c:92
 #, c-format
-msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
-msgstr "astuce: %.*s\n"
+msgid "%shint: %.*s%s\n"
+msgstr "%sastuce: %.*s%s\n"
 
-#: advice.c:88
+#: advice.c:137
+msgid "Cherry-picking is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Impossible de picorer car vous avez des fichiers non fusionnés."
+
+#: advice.c:139
+msgid "Committing is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Impossible de valider car vous avez des fichiers non fusionnés."
+
+#: advice.c:141
+msgid "Merging is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Impossible de fusionner car vous avez des fichiers non fusionnés."
+
+#: advice.c:143
+msgid "Pulling is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Impossible de tirer car vous avez des fichiers non fusionnés."
+
+#: advice.c:145
+msgid "Reverting is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Impossible d'annuler car vous avez des fichiers non fusionnés."
+
+#: advice.c:147
+#, c-format
+msgid "It is not possible to %s because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "%s n'est pas possible car vous avez des fichiers non fusionnés."
+
+#: advice.c:155
 msgid ""
 "Fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
 "as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
 msgstr ""
-"Corrigez-les dans la copie de travail,\n"
-"puis utilisez 'git add/rm <fichier>' si\n"
-"nécessaire pour marquer la résolution et valider."
+"Corrigez-les puis lancez 'git add/rm <fichier>'\n"
+"si nécessaire pour marquer la résolution et valider."
+
+#: advice.c:163
+msgid "Exiting because of an unresolved conflict."
+msgstr "Abandon à cause de conflit non résolu."
 
-#: archive.c:11
-msgid "git archive [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
-msgstr "git archive [options] <arbre ou apparenté> [<chemin>...]"
+#: advice.c:168 builtin/merge.c:1250
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "Vous n'avez pas terminé votre fusion (MERGE_HEAD existe)."
+
+#: advice.c:170
+msgid "Please, commit your changes before merging."
+msgstr "Veuillez valider vos changements avant de fusionner."
+
+#: advice.c:171
+msgid "Exiting because of unfinished merge."
+msgstr "Abandon à cause d'une fusion non terminée."
+
+#: advice.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Note: checking out '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental\n"
+"changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this\n"
+"state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may\n"
+"do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Note : extraction de '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"Vous êtes dans l'état « HEAD détachée ». Vous pouvez visiter, faire des "
+"modifications\n"
+"expérimentales et les valider. Il vous suffit de faire une autre extraction "
+"pour\n"
+"abandonner les commits que vous faites dans cet état sans impacter les "
+"autres branches\n"
+"\n"
+"Si vous voulez créer une nouvelle branche pour conserver les commits que "
+"vous créez,\n"
+"il vous suffit d'utiliser « checkout -b » (maintenant ou plus tard) comme "
+"ceci :\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <nom-de-la-nouvelle-branche>\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: apply.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr "option d'espace non reconnue '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr "option d'ignorance d'espace non reconnue '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:122
+msgid "--reject and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--reject et --3way ne peuvent pas être utilisés ensemble."
+
+#: apply.c:124
+msgid "--cached and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--cached et --3way ne peuvent pas être utilisés ensemble."
+
+#: apply.c:127
+msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+msgstr "--3way hors d'un dépôt"
+
+#: apply.c:138
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr "--index hors d'un dépôt"
+
+#: apply.c:141
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr "--cached hors d'un dépôt"
+
+#: apply.c:821
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr "Impossible de préparer la regexp d'horodatage %s"
+
+#: apply.c:830
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr "regexec a retourné %d pour l'entrée : %s"
+
+#: apply.c:904
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr "nom de fichier du patch introuvable à la ligne %d"
+
+#: apply.c:942
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply : mauvais format de git-diff - /dev/null attendu, %s trouvé à la "
+"ligne %d"
+
+#: apply.c:948
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply : mauvais format de git-diff - nouveau nom de fichier inconsistant "
+"à la ligne %d"
+
+#: apply.c:949
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply : mauvais format de git-diff - ancien nom de fichier inconsistant "
+"à la ligne %d"
+
+#: apply.c:954
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply : mauvais format de git-diff - /dev/null attendu à la ligne %d"
+
+#: apply.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid mode on line %d: %s"
+msgstr "mode invalide dans la ligne %d : %s"
+
+#: apply.c:1301
+#, c-format
+msgid "inconsistent header lines %d and %d"
+msgstr "lignes d'entête inconsistantes %d et %d"
+
+#: apply.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr "recomptage : ligne inattendue : %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1542
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "fragment de patch sans en-tête à la ligne %d : %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1562
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"information de nom de fichier manquante dans l'en-tête de git diff lors de "
+"la suppression de %d composant de préfixe de chemin (ligne %d)"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"information de nom de fichier manquante dans l'en-tête de git diff lors de "
+"la suppression de %d composants de préfixe de chemin (ligne %d)"
+
+#: apply.c:1575
+#, c-format
+msgid "git diff header lacks filename information (line %d)"
+msgstr ""
+"information de nom de fichier manquante dans l'en-tête de git diff (ligne %d)"
+
+#: apply.c:1763
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr "le nouveau fichier dépend de contenus anciens"
+
+#: apply.c:1765
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr "le fichier supprimé a encore du contenu"
+
+#: apply.c:1799
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr "patch corrompu à la ligne %d"
+
+#: apply.c:1836
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr "le nouveau fichier %s dépend de contenus anciens"
+
+#: apply.c:1838
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr "le fichier supprimé %s a encore du contenu"
+
+#: apply.c:1841
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr "** attention : le fichier %s devient vide mais n'est pas supprimé"
+
+#: apply.c:1988
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "patch binaire corrompu à la ligne %d : %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:2025
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr "patch binaire non reconnu à la ligne %d"
+
+#: apply.c:2185
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr "patch totalement incompréhensible à la ligne %d"
+
+#: apply.c:2271
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr "lecture du lien symbolique %s impossible"
 
-#: archive.c:12
+#: apply.c:2275
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr "ouverture ou lecture de %s impossible"
+
+#: apply.c:2934
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr "début de ligne invalide : '%c'"
+
+#: apply.c:3055
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] "La section n°%d a réussi à la ligne %d (offset %d ligne)."
+msgstr[1] "La section n°%d a réussi à la ligne %d (offset %d lignes)."
+
+#: apply.c:3067
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr "Contexte réduit à (%ld/%ld) pour appliquer le fragment à la ligne %d"
+
+#: apply.c:3073
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+"pendant la recherche de :\n"
+"%.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:3095
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr "données de patch binaire manquantes pour '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3103
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot reverse-apply a binary patch without the reverse hunk to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"impossible d'appliquer l'inverse d'un patch binaire à '%s' sans la section "
+"inverse"
+
+#: apply.c:3149
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot apply binary patch to '%s' without full index line"
+msgstr ""
+"impossible d'appliquer un patch binaire à '%s' sans la ligne complète d'index"
+
+#: apply.c:3159
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the patch applies to '%s' (%s), which does not match the current contents."
+msgstr ""
+"le patch s'applique à '%s' (%s), ce qui ne correspond pas au contenu actuel."
+
+#: apply.c:3167
+#, c-format
+msgid "the patch applies to an empty '%s' but it is not empty"
+msgstr "le patch s'applique à un '%s' vide mais ce n'est pas vide"
+
+#: apply.c:3185
+#, c-format
+msgid "the necessary postimage %s for '%s' cannot be read"
+msgstr "l'image postérieure nécessaire %s pour '%s' ne peut pas être lue"
+
+#: apply.c:3198
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr "le patch binaire ne s'applique par correctement à '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3204
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr ""
+"le patch binaire sur '%s' crée un résultat incorrect (%s attendu, mais %s "
+"trouvé)"
+
+#: apply.c:3225
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr "le patch a échoué : %s:%ld"
+
+#: apply.c:3347
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgstr "extraction de %s impossible"
+
+#: apply.c:3396 apply.c:3407 apply.c:3453 setup.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read %s"
+msgstr "échec de la lecture de %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3404
+#, c-format
+msgid "reading from '%s' beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "lecture depuis '%s' au-delà d'un lien symbolique"
+
+#: apply.c:3433 apply.c:3673
+#, c-format
+msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr "le chemin %s a été renommé/supprimé"
+
+#: apply.c:3516 apply.c:3687
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr "%s : n'existe pas dans l'index"
+
+#: apply.c:3525 apply.c:3695
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr "%s : ne correspond pas à l'index"
+
+#: apply.c:3560
+msgid "repository lacks the necessary blob to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+"le dépôt n'a pas les blobs nécessaires pour un retour à une fusion à 3 "
+"points."
+
+#: apply.c:3563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Falling back to three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "Retour à une fusion à 3 points…\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3579 apply.c:3583
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read the current contents of '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de lire le contenu actuel de '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3595
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fall back on three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "Echec du retour à une fusion à 3 points…\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3609
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' with conflicts.\n"
+msgstr "Patch %s appliqué avec des conflits.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3614
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' cleanly.\n"
+msgstr "Patch %s appliqué proprement.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3640
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr "le patch de suppression laisse un contenu dans le fichier"
+
+#: apply.c:3712
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr "%s : type erroné"
+
+#: apply.c:3714
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr "%s est de type %o, mais %o attendu"
+
+#: apply.c:3864 apply.c:3866
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid path '%s'"
+msgstr "chemin invalide '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3922
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr "%s : existe déjà dans l'index"
+
+#: apply.c:3925
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr "%s : existe déjà dans la copie de travail"
+
+#: apply.c:3945
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr "le nouveau mode (%o) de %s ne correspond pas à l'ancien mode (%o)"
+
+#: apply.c:3950
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr ""
+"le nouveau mode (%o) de %s ne correspond pas à l'ancien mode (%o) de %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3970
+#, c-format
+msgid "affected file '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "le fichier affecté '%s' est au-delà d'un lien symbolique"
+
+#: apply.c:3974
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr "%s : le patch ne s'applique pas"
+
+#: apply.c:3989
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr "Vérification du patch %s..."
+
+#: apply.c:4080
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless for submodule %s"
+msgstr ""
+"l'information sha1 est manquante ou inutilisable pour le sous-module %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4087
+#, c-format
+msgid "mode change for %s, which is not in current HEAD"
+msgstr "le mode change pour %s, qui n'est pas dans la HEAD actuelle"
+
+#: apply.c:4090
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless (%s)."
+msgstr "l'information de sha1 est manquante ou inutilisable (%s)."
+
+#: apply.c:4095 builtin/checkout.c:235 builtin/reset.c:140
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "échec de make_cache_entry pour le chemin '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:4099
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not add %s to temporary index"
+msgstr "impossible d'ajouter %s à l'index temporaire"
+
+#: apply.c:4109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write temporary index to %s"
+msgstr "impossible d'écrire l'index temporaire dans %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4247
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr "suppression de %s dans l'index impossible"
+
+#: apply.c:4282
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
+msgstr "patch corrompu pour le sous-module %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4288
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr "stat du fichier nouvellement créé '%s' impossible"
+
+#: apply.c:4296
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr ""
+"création du magasin de stockage pour le fichier nouvellement créé %s "
+"impossible"
+
+#: apply.c:4302 apply.c:4446
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr "ajout de l'élément de cache %s impossible"
+
+#: apply.c:4343
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to write to '%s'"
+msgstr "échec de l'écriture dans '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:4347
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr "fermeture du fichier '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:4417
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr "écriture du fichier '%s' mode %o impossible"
+
+#: apply.c:4515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr "Patch %s appliqué proprement."
+
+#: apply.c:4523
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr "erreur interne"
+
+#: apply.c:4526
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] "Application du patch %%s avec %d rejet..."
+msgstr[1] "Application du patch %%s avec %d rejets..."
+
+#: apply.c:4537
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr "troncature du nom de fichier .rej en %.*s.rej"
+
+#: apply.c:4545 builtin/fetch.c:786 builtin/fetch.c:1036
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s"
+msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4559
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr "Section n°%d appliquée proprement."
+
+#: apply.c:4563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr "Section n°%d rejetée."
+
+#: apply.c:4673
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped patch '%s'."
+msgstr "Chemin '%s' non traité."
+
+#: apply.c:4681
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr "entrée non reconnue"
+
+#: apply.c:4700
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr "lecture du fichier d'index impossible"
+
+#: apply.c:4837
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s': %s"
+msgstr "ouverture impossible du patch '%s' :%s"
+
+#: apply.c:4864
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] "%d erreur d'espace ignorée"
+msgstr[1] "%d erreurs d'espace ignorées"
+
+#: apply.c:4870 apply.c:4885
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d ligne a ajouté des erreurs d'espace."
+msgstr[1] "%d lignes ont ajouté des erreurs d'espace."
+
+#: apply.c:4878
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d ligne ajoutée après correction des erreurs d'espace."
+msgstr[1] "%d lignes ajoutées après correction des erreurs d'espace."
+
+#: apply.c:4894 builtin/add.c:538 builtin/mv.c:300 builtin/rm.c:389
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "Impossible d'écrire le nouveau fichier d'index"
+
+#: apply.c:4921 apply.c:4924 builtin/am.c:2254 builtin/am.c:2257
+#: builtin/clone.c:120 builtin/fetch.c:126 builtin/pull.c:198
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:405 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1210
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1213 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1584
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1587 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1807
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "path"
+msgstr "chemin"
+
+#: apply.c:4922
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "ne pas appliquer les modifications qui correspondent au chemin donné"
+
+#: apply.c:4925
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "appliquer les modifications qui correspondent au chemin donné"
+
+#: apply.c:4927 builtin/am.c:2263
+msgid "num"
+msgstr "num"
+
+#: apply.c:4928
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr "supprimer <num> barres obliques des chemins traditionnels de diff"
+
+#: apply.c:4931
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr "ignorer les additions réalisées par le patch"
+
+#: apply.c:4933
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr "au lieu d'appliquer le patch, afficher le diffstat de l'entrée"
+
+#: apply.c:4937
+msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr ""
+"afficher le nombre de lignes ajoutées et supprimées en notation décimale"
+
+#: apply.c:4939
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr "au lieu d'appliquer le patch, afficher un résumé de l'entrée"
+
+#: apply.c:4941
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr "au lieu d'appliquer le patch, voir si le patch est applicable"
+
+#: apply.c:4943
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr "s'assurer que le patch est applicable sur l'index actuel"
+
+#: apply.c:4945
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr "appliquer les patch sans toucher à la copie de travail"
+
+#: apply.c:4947
+msgid "accept a patch that touches outside the working area"
+msgstr "accepter un patch qui touche hors de la copie de travail"
+
+#: apply.c:4950
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr "appliquer aussi le patch (à utiliser avec ---stat/--summary/--check)"
+
+#: apply.c:4952
+msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+msgstr "tenter une fusion à 3 points si le patch ne s'applique pas proprement"
+
+#: apply.c:4954
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr ""
+"construire un index temporaire fondé sur l'information de l'index embarqué"
+
+#: apply.c:4957 builtin/checkout-index.c:168 builtin/ls-files.c:515
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr "les chemins sont séparés par un caractère NUL"
+
+#: apply.c:4959
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr "s'assurer d'au moins <n> lignes de correspondance de contexte"
+
+#: apply.c:4960 builtin/am.c:2242 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:95
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:97 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:99
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3177
+msgid "action"
+msgstr "action"
+
+#: apply.c:4961
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr ""
+"détecter des lignes nouvelles ou modifiées qui contiennent des erreurs "
+"d'espace"
+
+#: apply.c:4964 apply.c:4967
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr "ignorer des modifications d'espace lors de la recherche de contexte"
+
+#: apply.c:4970
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr "appliquer le patch en sens inverse"
+
+#: apply.c:4972
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr "ne pas s'attendre à au moins une ligne de contexte"
+
+#: apply.c:4974
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr "laisser les sections rejetées dans les fichiers *.rej correspondants"
+
+#: apply.c:4976
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr "accepter les recouvrements de sections"
+
+#: apply.c:4977 builtin/add.c:290 builtin/check-ignore.c:21
+#: builtin/commit.c:1301 builtin/count-objects.c:98 builtin/fsck.c:666
+#: builtin/log.c:1901 builtin/mv.c:122 builtin/read-tree.c:124
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr "mode verbeux"
+
+#: apply.c:4979
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr ""
+"tolérer des erreurs de détection de retours chariot manquants en fin de "
+"fichier"
+
+#: apply.c:4982
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr "ne pas se fier au compte de lignes dans les en-têtes de section"
+
+#: apply.c:4984 builtin/am.c:2251
+msgid "root"
+msgstr "racine"
+
+#: apply.c:4985
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr "préfixer tous les noms de fichier avec <root>"
+
+#: archive.c:13
+msgid "git archive [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git archive [<options>] <arbre ou apparenté> [<chemin>...]"
+
+#: archive.c:14
 msgid "git archive --list"
 msgstr "git archive --list"
 
-#: archive.c:13
+#: archive.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git archive --remote <dépôt> [--exec <commande>] [options] <arbre ou "
+"git archive --remote <dépôt> [--exec <commande>] [<options>] <arbre ou "
 "apparenté> [<chemin>...]"
 
-#: archive.c:14
+#: archive.c:16
 msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
 msgstr "git archive --remote <dépôt> [--exec <commande>] --list"
 
-#: archive.c:342 builtin/add.c:137 builtin/add.c:427 builtin/rm.c:328
+#: archive.c:351 builtin/add.c:176 builtin/add.c:514 builtin/rm.c:298
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
 msgstr "le chemin '%s' ne correspond à aucun fichier"
 
-#: archive.c:427
+#: archive.c:434
 msgid "fmt"
 msgstr "fmt"
 
-#: archive.c:427
+#: archive.c:434
 msgid "archive format"
 msgstr "format d'archive"
 
-#: archive.c:428 builtin/log.c:1204
+#: archive.c:435 builtin/log.c:1462
 msgid "prefix"
 msgstr "préfixe"
 
-#: archive.c:429
+#: archive.c:436
 msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
 msgstr "préfixer chaque chemin de fichier dans l'archive"
 
-#: archive.c:430 builtin/archive.c:88 builtin/blame.c:2517
-#: builtin/blame.c:2518 builtin/config.c:57 builtin/fast-export.c:986
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:988 builtin/grep.c:712 builtin/hash-object.c:101
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:489 builtin/ls-files.c:492 builtin/notes.c:394
-#: builtin/notes.c:557 builtin/read-tree.c:109 parse-options.h:151
+#: archive.c:437 builtin/blame.c:813 builtin/blame.c:814 builtin/config.c:127
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1007 builtin/fast-export.c:1009 builtin/grep.c:869
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103 builtin/ls-files.c:551 builtin/ls-files.c:554
+#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:568 builtin/read-tree.c:119
+#: parse-options.h:165
 msgid "file"
 msgstr "fichier"
 
-#: archive.c:431 builtin/archive.c:89
+#: archive.c:438 builtin/archive.c:89
 msgid "write the archive to this file"
 msgstr "écrire l'archive dans ce fichier"
 
-#: archive.c:433
+#: archive.c:440
 msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
 msgstr "lire .gitattributes dans le répertoire de travail"
 
-#: archive.c:434
+#: archive.c:441
 msgid "report archived files on stderr"
 msgstr "afficher les fichiers archivés sur stderr"
 
-#: archive.c:435
+#: archive.c:442
 msgid "store only"
 msgstr "stockage seulement"
 
-#: archive.c:436
+#: archive.c:443
 msgid "compress faster"
 msgstr "compression rapide"
 
-#: archive.c:444
+#: archive.c:451
 msgid "compress better"
 msgstr "compression efficace"
 
-#: archive.c:447
+#: archive.c:454
 msgid "list supported archive formats"
 msgstr "afficher les formats d'archive supportés"
 
-#: archive.c:449 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:86
+#: archive.c:456 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:110 builtin/clone.c:113
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1222 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1593
 msgid "repo"
 msgstr "dépôt"
 
-#: archive.c:450 builtin/archive.c:91
+#: archive.c:457 builtin/archive.c:91
 msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
 msgstr "récupérer l'archive depuis le dépôt distant <dépôt>"
 
-#: archive.c:451 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:478
+#: archive.c:458 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:489
 msgid "command"
 msgstr "commande"
 
-#: archive.c:452 builtin/archive.c:93
+#: archive.c:459 builtin/archive.c:93
 msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
 msgstr "chemin vers la commande distante git-upload-archive"
 
-#: attr.c:258
+#: archive.c:466
+msgid "Unexpected option --remote"
+msgstr "Option --remote inattendue"
+
+#: archive.c:468
+msgid "Option --exec can only be used together with --remote"
+msgstr "L'option --exec ne peut être utilisée qu'en complément de --remote"
+
+#: archive.c:470
+msgid "Unexpected option --output"
+msgstr "Option --output inattendue"
+
+#: archive.c:492
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown archive format '%s'"
+msgstr "Format d'archive inconnu '%s'"
+
+#: archive.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid "Argument not supported for format '%s': -%d"
+msgstr "Argument non supporté pour le format '%s' : -%d"
+
+#: attr.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "%.*s is not a valid attribute name"
+msgstr "%.*s n'est pas un nom valide d'attribut"
+
+#: attr.c:415
 msgid ""
 "Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
 "Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
@@ -197,90 +945,268 @@ msgstr ""
 "Les motifs de négation sont ignorés dans les attributs git\n"
 "Utilisez '\\!' pour un point d'exclamation littéral."
 
-#: branch.c:60
+#: bisect.c:461
 #, c-format
-msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
-msgstr "La branche %s ne peut pas être sa propre branche amont."
+msgid "Badly quoted content in file '%s': %s"
+msgstr "Contenu mal cité dans le fichier '%s' : %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:669
+#, c-format
+msgid "We cannot bisect more!\n"
+msgstr "Impossible de pousser la bissection plus loin !\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid commit name %s"
+msgstr "%s n'est pas un nom de commit valide"
 
-#: branch.c:83
+#: bisect.c:747
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing."
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is bad.\n"
+"This means the bug has been fixed between %s and [%s].\n"
 msgstr ""
-"La branche %s est paramétrée pour suivre la branche distante %s de %s en "
-"rebasant."
+"La base de fusion %s est mauvaise.\n"
+"Cela signifie que le bogue été corrigé entre %s et [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:752
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is new.\n"
+"The property has changed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"La base de fusion %s est nouvelle.\n"
+"La propriété a changé entre %s et [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:757
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is %s.\n"
+"This means the first '%s' commit is between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"La base de fusion %s est %s.\n"
+"Ceci signifie que le premier commit '%s' est entre %s et [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Some %s revs are not ancestors of the %s rev.\n"
+"git bisect cannot work properly in this case.\n"
+"Maybe you mistook %s and %s revs?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Certaines révision %s ne sont pas ancêtres de la révision %s.\n"
+"git bisect ne peut pas fonctionner correctement dans ce cas.\n"
+"Peut-être les révisions %s et %s ne sont-elles pas les bonnes ?\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:778
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the merge base between %s and [%s] must be skipped.\n"
+"So we cannot be sure the first %s commit is between %s and %s.\n"
+"We continue anyway."
+msgstr ""
+"La base de fusion entre %s et [%s] doit être évitée.\n"
+"On ne peut donc pas être certain que le premier commit %s se trouve entre %s "
+"et %s.\n"
+"On continue tout de même."
+
+#: bisect.c:811
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: a merge base must be tested\n"
+msgstr "Bissection : une base de fusion doit être testée\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:851
+#, c-format
+msgid "a %s revision is needed"
+msgstr "une révision %s est nécessaire"
+
+#: bisect.c:870 builtin/notes.c:175 builtin/tag.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de créer le fichier '%s'"
 
-#: branch.c:84
+#: bisect.c:921
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s."
+msgid "could not read file '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de lire le fichier '%s'"
+
+#: bisect.c:951
+msgid "reading bisect refs failed"
+msgstr "impossible de lire les références de bissection"
+
+#: bisect.c:970
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s was both %s and %s\n"
+msgstr "%s était à la fois %s et %s\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:978
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No testable commit found.\n"
+"Maybe you started with bad path parameters?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Aucun commit testable n'a été trouvé\n"
+"Peut-être avez-vous démarré avec un mauvais paramètre de chemin ?\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:997
+#, c-format
+msgid "(roughly %d step)"
+msgid_plural "(roughly %d steps)"
+msgstr[0] "(à peu près %d étape)"
+msgstr[1] "(à peu près %d étapes)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the last %s will be replaced with "(roughly %d
+#. steps)" translation.
+#.
+#: bisect.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: %d revision left to test after this %s\n"
+msgid_plural "Bisecting: %d revisions left to test after this %s\n"
+msgstr[0] "Bissection : %d révision à tester après cette %s\n"
+msgstr[1] "Bissection : %d révisions à tester après cette %s\n"
+
+#: blame.c:1756
+msgid "--contents and --reverse do not blend well."
+msgstr "--contents et --reverse ne font pas bon ménage."
+
+#: blame.c:1767
+msgid "cannot use --contents with final commit object name"
+msgstr "on ne peut pas utiliser --contents avec un nom d'objet commit final"
+
+#: blame.c:1787
+msgid "--reverse and --first-parent together require specified latest commit"
+msgstr ""
+"--reverse et --first-parent ensemble nécessitent la spécification d'un "
+"dernier commit"
+
+#: blame.c:1796 bundle.c:160 ref-filter.c:2075 sequencer.c:1861
+#: sequencer.c:3632 builtin/commit.c:981 builtin/log.c:366 builtin/log.c:920
+#: builtin/log.c:1371 builtin/log.c:1702 builtin/log.c:1950 builtin/merge.c:372
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:192
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr "échec de la préparation du parcours des révisions"
+
+#: blame.c:1814
+msgid ""
+"--reverse --first-parent together require range along first-parent chain"
 msgstr ""
-"La branche %s est paramétrée pour suivre la branche distante %s depuis %s."
+"--reverse --first-parent ensemble nécessitent une portée avec la chaîne de "
+"premier parent"
+
+#: blame.c:1825
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such path %s in %s"
+msgstr "pas de chemin %s dans %s"
 
-#: branch.c:88
+#: blame.c:1836
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing."
+msgid "cannot read blob %s for path %s"
+msgstr "impossible de lire le blob %s  pour le chemin %s"
+
+#: branch.c:54
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"After fixing the error cause you may try to fix up\n"
+"the remote tracking information by invoking\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
 msgstr ""
-"La branche %s est paramétrée pour suivre la branche locale %s en rebasant."
+"\n"
+"Après correction de la cause de l'erreur, vous pouvez essayer de corriger\n"
+"l'information de suivi distant en invoquant\n"
+"\"git branch --setup-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
 
-#: branch.c:89
+#: branch.c:68
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s."
-msgstr "La branche %s est paramétrée pour suivre la branche locale %s."
+msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
+msgstr "La branche %s ne peut pas être sa propre branche amont."
 
 #: branch.c:94
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s' by rebasing."
 msgstr ""
-"La branche %s est paramétrée pour suivre la référence distante %s en "
-"rebasant."
+"La branche '%s' est paramétrée pour suivre la branche distante '%s' de '%s' "
+"en rebasant."
 
 #: branch.c:95
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s."
-msgstr "La branche %s est paramétrée pour suivre la référence distante %s."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"La branche '%s' est paramétrée pour suivre la branche distante '%s' depuis "
+"'%s'."
 
 #: branch.c:99
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s' by rebasing."
 msgstr ""
-"La branche %s est paramétrée pour suivre la référence locale %s en rebasant."
+"La branche '%s' est paramétrée pour suivre la branche locale '%'s en "
+"rebasant."
 
 #: branch.c:100
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s."
-msgstr "La branche %s est paramétrée pour suivre la référence locale %s."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s'."
+msgstr "La branche '%s' est paramétrée pour suivre la branche locale '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"La branche '%s' est paramétrée pour suivre la référence distante '%s' en "
+"rebasant."
+
+#: branch.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s'."
+msgstr "La branche '%s' est paramétrée pour suivre la référence distante '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"La branche '%s' est paramétrée pour suivre la référence locale '%s' en "
+"rebasant."
+
+#: branch.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s'."
+msgstr "La branche '%s' est paramétrée pour suivre la référence locale '%s'."
 
-#: branch.c:133
+#: branch.c:120
+msgid "Unable to write upstream branch configuration"
+msgstr "Échec de l'écriture de la configuration de branche amont"
+
+#: branch.c:157
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"
 msgstr "Pas de suivi : information ambiguë pour la référence %s"
 
-#: branch.c:162
+#: branch.c:190
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid branch name."
 msgstr "'%s' n'est pas un nom de branche valide."
 
-#: branch.c:167
+#: branch.c:209
 #, c-format
 msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "Une branche nommée '%s' existe déjà."
 
-#: branch.c:175
+#: branch.c:214
 msgid "Cannot force update the current branch."
 msgstr "Impossible de forcer la mise à jour de la branche courante."
 
-#: branch.c:195
+#: branch.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch."
 msgstr ""
 "Impossible de paramétrer le suivi de branche ; le point de départ '%s' n'est "
 "pas une branche."
 
-#: branch.c:197
+#: branch.c:236
 #, c-format
 msgid "the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "la branche amont demandée '%s' n'existe pas"
 
-#: branch.c:199
+#: branch.c:238
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
@@ -300,32 +1226,42 @@ msgstr ""
 "sa jumelle distante, vous pouvez utiliser \"git push -u\"\n"
 "pour paramétrer le suivi distant en même temps que vous poussez."
 
-#: branch.c:243
+#: branch.c:281
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'."
 msgstr "Nom d'objet invalide : '%s'."
 
-#: branch.c:263
+#: branch.c:301
 #, c-format
 msgid "Ambiguous object name: '%s'."
 msgstr "Nom d'objet ambigu : '%s'."
 
-#: branch.c:268
+#: branch.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid branch point: '%s'."
 msgstr "Point d'embranchement invalide : '%s'."
 
+#: branch.c:360
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' est déjà extrait dans '%s'"
+
+#: branch.c:383
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD of working tree %s is not updated"
+msgstr "la HEAD de la copie de travail %s n'est pas mise à jour"
+
 #: bundle.c:34
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
 msgstr "'%s' ne semble pas être un fichier bundle v2"
 
-#: bundle.c:61
+#: bundle.c:62
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
 msgstr "en-tête non reconnu : %s%s (%d)"
 
-#: bundle.c:87 builtin/commit.c:770
+#: bundle.c:88 sequencer.c:2081 sequencer.c:2558 builtin/commit.c:755
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir '%s'"
@@ -334,32 +1270,25 @@ msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir '%s'"
 msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
 msgstr "Le dépôt ne dispose pas des commits prérequis suivants :"
 
-#: bundle.c:163 sequencer.c:645 sequencer.c:1100 builtin/blame.c:2706
-#: builtin/branch.c:652 builtin/commit.c:1049 builtin/log.c:330
-#: builtin/log.c:823 builtin/log.c:1432 builtin/log.c:1669 builtin/merge.c:358
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:158
-msgid "revision walk setup failed"
-msgstr "échec de la préparation du parcours des révisions"
-
-#: bundle.c:185
+#: bundle.c:190
 #, c-format
 msgid "The bundle contains this ref:"
 msgid_plural "The bundle contains these %d refs:"
 msgstr[0] "Le colis contient cette référence :"
 msgstr[1] "Le colis contient ces %d références :"
 
-#: bundle.c:192
+#: bundle.c:197
 msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
 msgstr "Le colis enregistre l'historique complet."
 
-#: bundle.c:194
+#: bundle.c:199
 #, c-format
 msgid "The bundle requires this ref:"
 msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs:"
 msgstr[0] "Le colis exige cette référence :"
 msgstr[1] "Le colis exige ces %d références :"
 
-#: bundle.c:251
+#: bundle.c:258
 msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
 msgstr "Impossible de créer des objets groupés"
 
@@ -367,217 +1296,489 @@ msgstr "Impossible de créer des objets groupés"
 msgid "pack-objects died"
 msgstr "les objets groupés ont disparu"
 
-#: bundle.c:309
+#: bundle.c:311
 msgid "rev-list died"
 msgstr "rev-list a disparu"
 
-#: bundle.c:358
+#: bundle.c:360
 #, c-format
 msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
 msgstr "la référence '%s' est exclue par les options de rev-list"
 
-#: bundle.c:438 builtin/log.c:153 builtin/log.c:1342 builtin/shortlog.c:261
+#: bundle.c:450 builtin/log.c:183 builtin/log.c:1607 builtin/shortlog.c:303
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
 msgstr "argument non reconnu : %s"
 
-#: bundle.c:444
+#: bundle.c:458
 msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
 msgstr "Refus de créer un colis vide."
 
-#: bundle.c:454
+#: bundle.c:470
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot create '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible de créer '%s'"
 
-#: bundle.c:475
+#: bundle.c:498
 msgid "index-pack died"
 msgstr "l'index de groupe a disparu"
 
-#: color.c:260
+#: color.c:296
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid color value: %.*s"
 msgstr "Valeur invalide de couleur : %.*s"
 
-#: commit.c:40
+#: commit.c:43 sequencer.c:2364 builtin/am.c:421 builtin/am.c:465
+#: builtin/am.c:1436 builtin/am.c:2072 builtin/replace.c:376
+#: builtin/replace.c:448
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not parse %s"
 msgstr "impossible d'analyser %s"
 
-#: commit.c:42
+#: commit.c:45
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
 msgstr "%s %s n'est pas un commit !"
 
-#: compat/obstack.c:406 compat/obstack.c:408
+#: commit.c:182
+msgid ""
+"Support for <GIT_DIR>/info/grafts is deprecated\n"
+"and will be removed in a future Git version.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please use \"git replace --convert-graft-file\"\n"
+"to convert the grafts into replace refs.\n"
+"\n"
+"Turn this message off by running\n"
+"\"git config advice.graftFileDeprecated false\""
+msgstr ""
+"Le support de <GIT_DIR>/info/grafts est déconseillé\n"
+"et sera supprimé dans une version future de Git.\n"
+"\n"
+"Veuillez utiliser \"git replace --convert-graft-file\"\n"
+"pour convertir les grafts en référence de remplacement.\n"
+"\n"
+"Supprimez ce message en lançant\n"
+"\"git config advice.graftFileDeprecated false\""
+
+#: commit.c:1540
+msgid ""
+"Warning: commit message did not conform to UTF-8.\n"
+"You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
+"variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Avertissement : le message de validation ne se conforme pas à UTF-8.\n"
+"Vous souhaitez peut-être le modifier après correction du message ou régler "
+"la\n"
+"variable de configuration i18n.commitencoding à l'encodage utilisé par votre "
+"projet.\n"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:669
+#, c-format
+msgid "the commit graph format cannot write %d commits"
+msgstr "le graphe de commits ne peut pas écrire %d commits"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:696
+msgid "too many commits to write graph"
+msgstr "trop de commits pour écrire un graphe"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:707 builtin/init-db.c:516 builtin/init-db.c:521
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr "impossible de créer le répertoire (mkdir) %s"
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:405 compat/obstack.c:407
 msgid "memory exhausted"
 msgstr "plus de mémoire"
 
-#: config.c:469 config.c:471
+#: config.c:187
+msgid "relative config include conditionals must come from files"
+msgstr ""
+"les conditions d'inclusion de configuration relative doivent venir de "
+"fichiers"
+
+#: config.c:788
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad config file line %d in %s"
-msgstr "ligne %d de fichier de config incorrecte dans %s"
+msgid "bad config line %d in blob %s"
+msgstr "ligne %d de config incorrecte dans le blob %s"
 
-#: config.c:587
+#: config.c:792
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
-msgstr ""
-"valeur numérique de configuration incorrecte '%s' pour '%s' dans %s : %s"
+msgid "bad config line %d in file %s"
+msgstr "ligne %d de config incorrecte dans le fichier %s"
+
+#: config.c:796
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in standard input"
+msgstr "ligne %d de config incorrecte dans l'entrée standard"
+
+#: config.c:800
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in submodule-blob %s"
+msgstr "ligne %d de config incorrecte dans le blob de sous-module %s"
+
+#: config.c:804
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in command line %s"
+msgstr "ligne %d de config incorrecte dans la ligne de commande %s"
 
-#: config.c:589
+#: config.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in %s"
+msgstr "ligne %d de config incorrecte dans %s"
+
+#: config.c:936
+msgid "out of range"
+msgstr "hors plage"
+
+#: config.c:936
+msgid "invalid unit"
+msgstr "unité invalide"
+
+#: config.c:942
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': %s"
-msgstr "valeur numérique de configuration invalide '%s' pour '%s' : %s"
+msgstr "valeur numérique de configuration invalide '%s' pour '%s' : %s"
+
+#: config.c:947
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in blob %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"valeur numérique de configuration incorrecte '%s' pour '%s' dans le blob "
+"%s : %s"
+
+#: config.c:950
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in file %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"valeur numérique de configuration incorrecte '%s' pour '%s' dans le fichier "
+"%s : %s"
+
+#: config.c:953
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in standard input: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"valeur numérique de configuration incorrecte '%s' pour '%s' dans l'entrée "
+"standard : %s"
+
+#: config.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in submodule-blob %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"valeur numérique de configuration incorrecte '%s' pour '%s' dans le blob de "
+"sous-module %s : %s"
+
+#: config.c:959
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in command line %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"valeur numérique de configuration incorrecte '%s' pour '%s' dans la ligne de "
+"commande %s : %s"
 
-#: config.c:674
+#: config.c:962
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"valeur numérique de configuration incorrecte '%s' pour '%s' dans %s : %s"
+
+#: config.c:1057
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to expand user dir in: '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible d'étendre le répertoire utilisateur dans : '%s'"
 
-#: config.c:752 config.c:763
+#: config.c:1066
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
+msgstr "'%s' pour '%s' n'est pas un horodatage valide"
+
+#: config.c:1171 config.c:1182
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad zlib compression level %d"
 msgstr "niveau de compression zlib incorrect %d"
 
-#: config.c:885
+#: config.c:1307
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid mode for object creation: %s"
 msgstr "mode invalide pour la création d'objet : %s"
 
-#: config.c:1211
+#: config.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack compression level %d"
+msgstr "niveau de compression du paquet %d"
+
+#: config.c:1681
 msgid "unable to parse command-line config"
 msgstr "lecture de la configuration de ligne de commande impossible"
 
-#: config.c:1272
-msgid "unknown error occured while reading the configuration files"
+#: config.c:2013
+msgid "unknown error occurred while reading the configuration files"
 msgstr "erreur inconnue pendant la lecture des fichiers de configuration"
 
-#: config.c:1596
+#: config.c:2200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "%s invalide : '%s'"
+
+#: config.c:2243
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown core.untrackedCache value '%s'; using 'keep' default value"
+msgstr ""
+"valeur '%s' de core.untrackedCache inconnue ; utilisation de 'keep' par "
+"défaut"
+
+#: config.c:2269
+#, c-format
+msgid "splitIndex.maxPercentChange value '%d' should be between 0 and 100"
+msgstr ""
+"la valeur '%d' de splitIndex.maxPercentChange devrait se situer entre 0 et "
+"100"
+
+#: config.c:2294
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse '%s' from command-line config"
 msgstr ""
 "impossible d'analyser '%s' depuis le configuration en ligne de commande"
 
-#: config.c:1598
+#: config.c:2296
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad config variable '%s' in file '%s' at line %d"
 msgstr ""
 "variable de configuration '%s' incorrecte dans le fichier '%s' à la ligne %d"
 
-#: config.c:1657
+#: config.c:2402
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s has multiple values"
 msgstr "%s a des valeurs multiples"
 
-#: connected.c:69
+#: config.c:2766 config.c:3019
+#, c-format
+msgid "fstat on %s failed"
+msgstr "échec de fstat sur %s"
+
+#: config.c:2905
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not set '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de régler '%s' à '%s'"
+
+#: config.c:2907 builtin/remote.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not unset '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de désinitialiser '%s'"
+
+#: connect.c:61
+msgid "The remote end hung up upon initial contact"
+msgstr "L'hôte distant a fermé la connexion lors du contact initial"
+
+#: connect.c:63
+msgid ""
+"Could not read from remote repository.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please make sure you have the correct access rights\n"
+"and the repository exists."
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible de lire le dépôt distant.\n"
+"\n"
+"Veuillez vérifier que vous avez les droits d'accès\n"
+"et que le dépôt existe."
+
+#: connected.c:66 builtin/fsck.c:201 builtin/prune.c:145
+msgid "Checking connectivity"
+msgstr "Vérification de la connectivité"
+
+#: connected.c:78
 msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
 msgstr "Impossible de lancer 'git rev-list'"
 
-#: connected.c:89
+#: connected.c:98
+msgid "failed write to rev-list"
+msgstr "impossible d'écrire dans la rev-list"
+
+#: connected.c:105
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin"
+msgstr "impossible de fermer l'entrée standard du rev-list"
+
+#: convert.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "CRLF would be replaced by LF in %s."
+msgstr "Les CRLF seraient remplacés par des LF dans %s."
+
+#: convert.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CRLF will be replaced by LF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"Les CRLF seront remplacés par des LF dans %s.\n"
+"Le fichier conservera ses fins de ligne d'origine dans votre copie de "
+"travail."
+
+#: convert.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "LF would be replaced by CRLF in %s"
+msgstr "Les LF seraient remplacés par des CRLF dans %s"
+
+#: convert.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"LF will be replaced by CRLF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"Les LF seront remplacés par des CRLF dans %s.\n"
+"Le fichier conservera ses fins de ligne d'origine dans votre copie de "
+"travail."
+
+#: convert.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "BOM is prohibited in '%s' if encoded as %s"
+msgstr "Aucun BOM n'est permis dans '%s' s'il est encodé comme %s"
+
+#: convert.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The file '%s' contains a byte order mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%s as working-"
+"tree-encoding."
+msgstr ""
+"Le fichier '%s' contient un marqueur d'ordre d'octets (BOM). Veuillez "
+"utiliser UTF-%s comme encodage d'arbre de travail."
+
+#: convert.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "BOM is required in '%s' if encoded as %s"
+msgstr "Un BOM est obligatoire dans '%s' s'il est encodé comme %s"
+
+#: convert.c:306
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
-msgstr "impossible d'écrire dans la rev-list : %s"
+msgid ""
+"The file '%s' is missing a byte order mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%sBE or UTF-"
+"%sLE (depending on the byte order) as working-tree-encoding."
+msgstr ""
+"Il manque un marqueur d'ordre d'octets (BOM) au fichier '%s'. Veuillez "
+"utiliser UTF-%sBE ou UTF-%sLE (selon l'ordre désiré) comme encodage d'arbre "
+"de travail."
 
-#: connected.c:97
+#: convert.c:424
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
-msgstr "impossible de fermer l'entrée standard du rev-list : %s"
+msgid "failed to encode '%s' from %s to %s"
+msgstr "échec de l'encodage de '%s' de %s vers %s"
 
-#: date.c:95
+#: convert.c:467
+#, c-format
+msgid "encoding '%s' from %s to %s and back is not the same"
+msgstr ""
+"encoder '%s' depuis %s vers %s puis inversement ne produit pas le même "
+"contenu"
+
+#: convert.c:1225
+msgid "true/false are no valid working-tree-encodings"
+msgstr "true/false ne sont pas des encodages d'arbre de travail valides"
+
+#: date.c:116
 msgid "in the future"
 msgstr "dans le futur"
 
-#: date.c:101
+#: date.c:122
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu second ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu seconds ago"
-msgstr[0] "il y a %lu seconde"
-msgstr[1] "il y a %lu secondes"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> second ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> seconds ago"
+msgstr[0] "il y a %<PRIuMAX> seconde"
+msgstr[1] "il y a %<PRIuMAX> secondes"
 
-#: date.c:108
+#: date.c:129
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu minute ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu minutes ago"
-msgstr[0] "il y a %lu minute"
-msgstr[1] "il y a %lu minutes"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> minutes ago"
+msgstr[0] "il y a %<PRIuMAX> minute"
+msgstr[1] "il y a %<PRIuMAX> minutes"
 
-#: date.c:115
+#: date.c:136
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu hour ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu hours ago"
-msgstr[0] "il y a %lu heure"
-msgstr[1] "il y a %lu heures"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> hours ago"
+msgstr[0] "il y a %<PRIuMAX> heure"
+msgstr[1] "il y a %<PRIuMAX> heures"
 
-#: date.c:122
+#: date.c:143
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu day ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu days ago"
-msgstr[0] "il y a %lu jour"
-msgstr[1] "il y a %lu jours"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> day ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> days ago"
+msgstr[0] "il y a %<PRIuMAX> jour"
+msgstr[1] "il y a %<PRIuMAX> jours"
 
-#: date.c:128
+#: date.c:149
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu week ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu weeks ago"
-msgstr[0] "il y a %lu semaine"
-msgstr[1] "il y a %lu semaines"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> week ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> weeks ago"
+msgstr[0] "il y a %<PRIuMAX> semaine"
+msgstr[1] "il y a %<PRIuMAX> semaines"
 
-#: date.c:135
+#: date.c:156
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu month ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu months ago"
-msgstr[0] "il y a %lu mois"
-msgstr[1] "il y a %lu mois"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "il y a %<PRIuMAX> mois"
+msgstr[1] "il y a %<PRIuMAX> mois"
 
-#: date.c:146
+#: date.c:167
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu year"
-msgid_plural "%lu years"
-msgstr[0] "%lu an"
-msgstr[1] "%lu ans"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> an"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> ans"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: "%s" is "<n> years"
-#: date.c:149
+#: date.c:170
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s, %lu month ago"
-msgid_plural "%s, %lu months ago"
-msgstr[0] "il y a %s et %lu mois"
-msgstr[1] "il y a %s et %lu mois"
+msgid "%s, %<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "il y a %s et %<PRIuMAX> mois"
+msgstr[1] "il y a %s et %<PRIuMAX> mois"
 
-#: date.c:154 date.c:159
+#: date.c:175 date.c:180
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu year ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
-msgstr[0] "il y a %lu an"
-msgstr[1] "il y a %lu ans"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years ago"
+msgstr[0] "il y a %<PRIuMAX> an"
+msgstr[1] "il y a %<PRIuMAX> ans"
 
 #: diffcore-order.c:24
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to read orderfile '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible de lire le fichier de commande '%s'"
 
-#: diffcore-rename.c:516
+#: diffcore-rename.c:535
 msgid "Performing inexact rename detection"
 msgstr "Détection de renommage inexact en cours"
 
-#: diff.c:114
+#: diff.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' requires a value"
+msgstr "le commutateur '%s' a besoin d'une valeur"
+
+#: diff.c:152
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 "  Impossible d'analyser le pourcentage de modification de dirstat '%s'\n"
 
-#: diff.c:119
+#: diff.c:157
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
 msgstr "  Paramètre dirstat inconnu '%s'\n"
 
-#: diff.c:214
+#: diff.c:281
+msgid ""
+"color moved setting must be one of 'no', 'default', 'zebra', 'dimmed_zebra', "
+"'plain'"
+msgstr ""
+"le paramètre de couleur de déplacement doit être parmi 'no', 'default', "
+"'zebra', 'dimmed_zebra', 'plain'"
+
+#: diff.c:341
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 "Valeur inconnue pour la variable de configuration 'diff.submodule' : '%s'"
 
-#: diff.c:266
+#: diff.c:401
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
@@ -586,16 +1787,24 @@ msgstr ""
 "Erreurs dans la variable de configuration 'diff.dirstat' :\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:2957
+#: diff.c:3823
 #, c-format
 msgid "external diff died, stopping at %s"
 msgstr "l'application de diff externe a disparu, arrêt à %s"
 
-#: diff.c:3352
+#: diff.c:4153
+msgid "--name-only, --name-status, --check and -s are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "--name-only, --name-status, --check et -s sont mutuellement exclusifs"
+
+#: diff.c:4156
+msgid "-G, -S and --find-object are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-G, -S et --find-object sont mutuellement exclusifs"
+
+#: diff.c:4244
 msgid "--follow requires exactly one pathspec"
 msgstr "--follow a besoin d'une spécification de chemin unique"
 
-#: diff.c:3515
+#: diff.c:4410
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
@@ -604,62 +1813,374 @@ msgstr ""
 "Impossible d'analyser le paramètre de l'option --dirstat/-X :\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:3529
+#: diff.c:4424
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
 msgstr "Impossible d'analyser le paramètre de l'option --submodule : '%s'"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:129 gpg-interface.c:200
-msgid "could not run gpg."
-msgstr "impossible de lancer gpg."
+#: diff.c:5500
+msgid "inexact rename detection was skipped due to too many files."
+msgstr ""
+"détection de renommage inexact annulée à cause d'un trop grand nombre de "
+"fichiers."
+
+#: diff.c:5503
+msgid "only found copies from modified paths due to too many files."
+msgstr ""
+"recherche uniquement des copies par modification de chemin à cause d'un trop "
+"grand nombre de fichiers."
+
+#: diff.c:5506
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you may want to set your %s variable to at least %d and retry the command."
+msgstr ""
+"vous souhaitez peut-être régler la variable %s à au moins %d et réessayer le "
+"commande."
+
+#: dir.c:1867
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open directory '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir le répertoire '%s'"
+
+#: dir.c:2109
+msgid "failed to get kernel name and information"
+msgstr "echec de l'obtention d'information de kernel"
+
+#: dir.c:2233
+msgid "Untracked cache is disabled on this system or location."
+msgstr "Le cache non suivi est désactivé sur ce système ou sur cet endroit."
+
+#: dir.c:3075 dir.c:3080
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directories for %s"
+msgstr "impossible de créer les répertoires pour %s"
+
+#: dir.c:3109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not migrate git directory from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de migrer le répertoire git de '%s' vers '%s'"
+
+#: editor.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: Waiting for your editor to close the file...%c"
+msgstr ""
+"suggestion : en attente de la fermeture du fichier par votre éditeur de "
+"texte…%c"
+
+#: entry.c:177
+msgid "Filtering content"
+msgstr "Filtrage du contenu"
+
+#: entry.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat file '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de stat le fichier '%s'"
+
+#: fetch-object.c:17
+msgid "Remote with no URL"
+msgstr "Dépôt distant sans URL"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:254
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected shallow list"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack : list courte attendue"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:266
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack : ACK/NACK attendu, paquet de nettoyage reçu"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:285 builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr "erreur distante : %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack : ACK/NACK attendu, '%s' reçu"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:338
+msgid "--stateless-rpc requires multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "--stateless-rpc nécessite multi_ack_detailed"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:429 fetch-pack.c:1310
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid shallow line: %s"
+msgstr "ligne de superficiel invalide : %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:435 fetch-pack.c:1316
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid unshallow line: %s"
+msgstr "ligne de fin de superficiel invalide : %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:437 fetch-pack.c:1318
+#, c-format
+msgid "object not found: %s"
+msgstr "objet non trouvé : %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:440 fetch-pack.c:1321
+#, c-format
+msgid "error in object: %s"
+msgstr "Erreur dans l'objet : %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:442 fetch-pack.c:1323
+#, c-format
+msgid "no shallow found: %s"
+msgstr "Pas de superficiel trouvé : %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:445 fetch-pack.c:1326
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected shallow/unshallow, got %s"
+msgstr "superficiel/non superficiel attendu, %s trouvé"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:486
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s %d %s"
+msgstr "réponse %s %d %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit %s"
+msgstr "commit invalide %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:533
+msgid "giving up"
+msgstr "abandon"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:543 progress.c:229
+msgid "done"
+msgstr "fait"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:555
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s (%d) %s"
+msgstr "%s trouvé (%d) %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:601
+#, c-format
+msgid "Marking %s as complete"
+msgstr "Marquage de %s comme terminé"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:828
+#, c-format
+msgid "already have %s (%s)"
+msgstr "%s déjà possédé (%s)"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:869
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "fetch-pack : impossible de dupliquer le démultiplexeur latéral"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:877
+msgid "protocol error: bad pack header"
+msgstr "erreur de protocole : mauvais entête de paquet"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:944
+#, c-format
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off %s"
+msgstr "fetch-pack : impossible de dupliquer %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:960
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s failed"
+msgstr "échec de %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:962
+msgid "error in sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "erreur dans le démultiplexer latéral"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:989
+msgid "Server does not support shallow clients"
+msgstr "Le serveur ne supporte les clients superficiels"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:993
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "Le serveur supporte multi_ack_detailed"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:996
+msgid "Server supports no-done"
+msgstr "Le serveur support no-done"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1002
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack"
+msgstr "Le serveur supporte multi_ack"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1006
+msgid "Server supports side-band-64k"
+msgstr "Le serveur supporte side-band-64k"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1010
+msgid "Server supports side-band"
+msgstr "Le serveru supporte side-band"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1014
+msgid "Server supports allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "Le serveur supporte allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1018
+msgid "Server supports allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "Le serveur supporte allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1028
+msgid "Server supports ofs-delta"
+msgstr "Le serveur supporte ofs-delta"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1034 fetch-pack.c:1204
+msgid "Server supports filter"
+msgstr "Le serveur supporte filter"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1042
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server version is %.*s"
+msgstr "La version du serveur est %.*s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1048
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-since"
+msgstr "Le receveur ne gère pas --shallow-since"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1052
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-exclude"
+msgstr "Le receveur ne gère pas --shallow-exclude"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1054
+msgid "Server does not support --deepen"
+msgstr "Le receveur ne gère pas --deepen"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1065
+msgid "no common commits"
+msgstr "pas de commit commun"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1077 fetch-pack.c:1414
+msgid "git fetch-pack: fetch failed."
+msgstr "git fetch-pack : échec de le récupération."
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:141
-msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
-msgstr "gpg n'a pas accepté les données"
+#: fetch-pack.c:1199
+msgid "Server does not support shallow requests"
+msgstr "Le serveur ne supporte les requêtes superficielles"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:152
+#: fetch-pack.c:1584
+msgid "no matching remote head"
+msgstr "pas de HEAD distante correspondante"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1610
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such remote ref %s"
+msgstr "référence distante inconnue %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1613
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server does not allow request for unadvertised object %s"
+msgstr "Le serveur n'autorise pas de requête pour l'objet %s non annoncé"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:185
 msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
 msgstr "gpg n'a pas pu signer les données"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:185
+#: gpg-interface.c:210
+msgid "could not create temporary file"
+msgstr "impossible de créer un fichier temporaire"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:213
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create temporary file '%s': %s"
-msgstr "impossible de créer un fichier temporaire '%s' : %s"
+msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible d'écrire la signature détachée dans '%s'"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:188
+#: graph.c:97
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s': %s"
-msgstr "impossible d'écrire la signature détachée dans '%s' : %s"
+msgid "ignore invalid color '%.*s' in log.graphColors"
+msgstr "couleur invalide '%.*s' ignorée dans log.graphColors"
 
-#: grep.c:1718
+#: grep.c:2020
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
 msgstr "'%s' : lecture de %s impossible"
 
-#: grep.c:1735
+#: grep.c:2037 setup.c:164 builtin/clone.c:409 builtin/diff.c:81
+#: builtin/rm.c:134
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': %s"
-msgstr "'%s' : %s"
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr "échec du stat de '%s'"
 
-#: grep.c:1746
+#: grep.c:2048
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': short read %s"
-msgstr "'%s' : lecture tronquée %s"
+msgid "'%s': short read"
+msgstr "'%s' : lecture tronquée"
+
+#: help.c:23
+msgid "start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)"
+msgstr "démarrer une zone de travail (voir aussi : git help tutorial)"
+
+#: help.c:24
+msgid "work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)"
+msgstr ""
+"travailler sur la modification actuelle (voir aussi : git help revisions)"
+
+#: help.c:25
+msgid "examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)"
+msgstr "examiner l'historique et l'état (voir aussi : git help revisions)"
+
+#: help.c:26
+msgid "grow, mark and tweak your common history"
+msgstr "agrandir, marquer et modifier votre historique"
+
+#: help.c:27
+msgid "collaborate (see also: git help workflows)"
+msgstr "collaborer (voir aussi : git help workflows)"
+
+#: help.c:31
+msgid "Main Porcelain Commands"
+msgstr "Commandes Porcelaine Principales"
+
+#: help.c:32
+msgid "Ancillary Commands / Manipulators"
+msgstr "Commandes Auxiliaires / Manipulateurs"
 
-#: help.c:207
+#: help.c:33
+msgid "Ancillary Commands / Interrogators"
+msgstr "Commandes Auxiliaires / Interrogateurs"
+
+#: help.c:34
+msgid "Interacting with Others"
+msgstr "Interaction avec d'autres développeurs"
+
+#: help.c:35
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Manipulators"
+msgstr "Commandes bas-niveau / Manipulateurs"
+
+#: help.c:36
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Interrogators"
+msgstr "Commandes bas niveau / Interrogateurs"
+
+#: help.c:37
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Synching Repositories"
+msgstr "Commandes bas niveau / Synchronisation de dépôts"
+
+#: help.c:38
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Internal Helpers"
+msgstr "Commandes bas niveau / Assistants internes"
+
+#: help.c:293
 #, c-format
 msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
 msgstr "commandes git disponibles dans '%s'"
 
-#: help.c:214
+#: help.c:300
 msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
 msgstr "commandes git disponibles depuis un autre endroit de votre $PATH"
 
-#: help.c:230
-msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
-msgstr "Les commandes git les plus utilisées sont :"
+#: help.c:309
+msgid "These are common Git commands used in various situations:"
+msgstr "Ci-dessous les commandes Git habituelles dans diverses situations :"
+
+#: help.c:358 git.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported command listing type '%s'"
+msgstr "type de liste de commandes non supporté '%s'"
+
+#: help.c:405
+msgid "The common Git guides are:"
+msgstr "Les guides Git populaires sont :"
 
-#: help.c:289
+#: help.c:467
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
@@ -668,31 +2189,56 @@ msgstr ""
 "'%s' semble être une commande git, mais elle n'a pas pu\n"
 "être exécutée. Peut-être git-%s est-elle cassée ?"
 
-#: help.c:346
+#: help.c:526
 msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
 msgstr "Ahem. Votre système n'indique aucune commande Git."
 
-#: help.c:368
+#: help.c:548
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
-"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
+msgid "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist."
 msgstr ""
-"ATTENTION : vous avez invoqué une commande Git nommée '%s' qui n'existe "
-"pas.\n"
-"Continuons en supposant que vous avez voulu dire '%s'"
+"ATTENTION : vous avez invoqué une commande Git nommée '%s' qui n'existe pas."
 
-#: help.c:373
+#: help.c:553
 #, c-format
-msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
-msgstr "dans %0.1f secondes automatiquement..."
+msgid "Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr "Continuons en supposant que vous avez voulu dire '%s'."
 
-#: help.c:380
+#: help.c:558
+#, c-format
+msgid "Continuing in %0.1f seconds, assuming that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Continuons dans %0.1f secondes en supposant que vous avez voulu dire '%s'."
+
+#: help.c:566
 #, c-format
 msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
 msgstr "git : '%s' n'est pas une commande git. Voir 'git --help'."
 
-#: help.c:384 help.c:444
+#: help.c:570
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar command is"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar commands are"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"\n"
+"La commande la plus ressemblante est"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"\n"
+"Les commandes les plus ressemblantes sont"
+
+#: help.c:585
+msgid "git version [<options>]"
+msgstr "git version [<options>]"
+
+#: help.c:652
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s - %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s - %s"
+
+#: help.c:656
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Did you mean this?"
@@ -706,100 +2252,254 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "\n"
 "Vouliez-vous dire un de ceux-là ?"
 
-#: help.c:440
+#: ident.c:342
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"*** Please tell me who you are.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"\n"
+"to set your account's default identity.\n"
+"Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"*** Veuillez me dire qui vous êtes.\n"
+"\n"
+"Lancez\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"Vous@exemple.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Votre Nom\"\n"
+"\n"
+"pour régler l'identité par défaut de votre compte.\n"
+"Éliminez --global pour ne faire les réglages que dans ce dépôt.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: ident.c:366
+msgid "no email was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "aucun courriel fourni et l'auto-détection est désactivée"
+
+#: ident.c:371
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: %s - %s"
-msgstr "%s: %s - %s"
+msgid "unable to auto-detect email address (got '%s')"
+msgstr "impossible de détecter automatiquement l'adresse ('%s' trouvé)"
+
+#: ident.c:381
+msgid "no name was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "aucun nom fourni et l'auto-détection est désactivée"
+
+#: ident.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to auto-detect name (got '%s')"
+msgstr "impossible de détecter automatiquement le nom ('%s' trouvé)"
+
+#: ident.c:395
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty ident name (for <%s>) not allowed"
+msgstr "nom d'identifiant vide (pour <%s>) non permis"
+
+#: ident.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "name consists only of disallowed characters: %s"
+msgstr "le nom n'est constitué que de caractères interdits : %s"
+
+#: ident.c:416 builtin/commit.c:587
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid date format: %s"
+msgstr "format de date invalide : %s"
 
-#: lockfile.c:283
-msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that is still open"
-msgstr "BUG: réouverture d'un fichier verrou déjà ouvert"
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:36
+msgid "multiple filter-specs cannot be combined"
+msgstr "impossible de combiner des spécificateurs multiples de filtre"
 
-#: lockfile.c:285
-msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that has been committed"
-msgstr "BUG: réouverture d'un fichier verrou validé"
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:126
+msgid "cannot change partial clone promisor remote"
+msgstr "impossible de modifier le prometteur distant de clone partiel"
 
-#: merge.c:41
+#: lockfile.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to create '%s.lock': %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another git process seems to be running in this repository, e.g.\n"
+"an editor opened by 'git commit'. Please make sure all processes\n"
+"are terminated then try again. If it still fails, a git process\n"
+"may have crashed in this repository earlier:\n"
+"remove the file manually to continue."
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible de créer '%s.lock' : %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Il semble qu'un autre processus git est déjà lancé dans ce dépôt,\n"
+"par exemple un éditeur ouvert par 'git commit'. Veuillez vous assurer\n"
+"que tous les processus sont terminés et réessayez. Si l'echec persiste,\n"
+"un processus git peut avoir planté :\n"
+"supprimez le fichier manuellement pour poursuivre."
+
+#: lockfile.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to create '%s.lock': %s"
+msgstr "Impossible de créer '%s.lock' : %s"
+
+#: merge.c:71
 msgid "failed to read the cache"
 msgstr "impossible de lire le cache"
 
-#: merge.c:94 builtin/checkout.c:374 builtin/checkout.c:580
-#: builtin/clone.c:662
+#: merge.c:136 builtin/am.c:1946 builtin/am.c:1980 builtin/checkout.c:378
+#: builtin/checkout.c:606 builtin/clone.c:761
 msgid "unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "impossible d'écrire le nouveau fichier d'index"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:189
-#, c-format
+#: merge-recursive.c:298
 msgid "(bad commit)\n"
 msgstr "(mauvais commit)\n"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:209
+#: merge-recursive.c:320
 #, c-format
-msgid "addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'"
-msgstr "échec de addinfo_cache pour le chemin '%s'"
+msgid "add_cacheinfo failed for path '%s'; merge aborting."
+msgstr "échec de addinfo_cache pour le chemin '%s' ; abandon de la fusion."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:270
+#: merge-recursive.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "add_cacheinfo failed to refresh for path '%s'; merge aborting."
+msgstr "échec de addinfo_cache pour le chemin '%s' ; abandon de la fusion."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:410
 msgid "error building trees"
 msgstr "erreur de construction des arbres"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:688
+#: merge-recursive.c:881
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create path '%s'%s"
 msgstr "impossible de créer le chemin '%s' %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:699
+#: merge-recursive.c:892
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"
 msgstr "Suppression de %s pour faire de la place pour le sous-répertoire\n"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:713 merge-recursive.c:734
+#: merge-recursive.c:906 merge-recursive.c:925
 msgid ": perhaps a D/F conflict?"
 msgstr ": peut-être un conflit D/F ?"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:724
+#: merge-recursive.c:915
 #, c-format
 msgid "refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"
 msgstr "refus de perdre le fichier non suivi '%s'"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:764
+#: merge-recursive.c:957 builtin/cat-file.c:37
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read object %s '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible de lire l'objet %s '%s'"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:766
+#: merge-recursive.c:959
 #, c-format
 msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
 msgstr "blob attendu pour %s '%s'"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:789 builtin/clone.c:321
+#: merge-recursive.c:983
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to open '%s'"
-msgstr "échec à l'ouverture de '%s'"
+msgid "failed to open '%s': %s"
+msgstr "échec à l'ouverture de '%s' : %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:797
+#: merge-recursive.c:994
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to symlink '%s'"
-msgstr "échec à la création du lien symbolique '%s'"
+msgid "failed to symlink '%s': %s"
+msgstr "échec à la création du lien symbolique '%s' : %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:800
+#: merge-recursive.c:999
 #, c-format
 msgid "do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"
 msgstr "ne sait pas traiter %06o %s '%s'"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:938
+#: merge-recursive.c:1186
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (not checked out)"
+msgstr "Échec de la fusion du sous-module %s (non extrait)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1193
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (commits not present)"
+msgstr "Échec de fusion du sous-module %s (commits non présents)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (commits don't follow merge-base)"
+msgstr ""
+"Échec de la fusion du sous-module %s (les commits ne descendent pas de la "
+"base de fusion)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1208 merge-recursive.c:1220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding submodule %s to the following commit:"
+msgstr "Avance rapide du sous-module %s au commit suivant :"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1211 merge-recursive.c:1223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding submodule %s"
+msgstr "Avance rapide du sous-module %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1245
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (merge following commits not found)"
+msgstr ""
+"Échec de fusion du sous-module %s (fusion suivant les commits non trouvée)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1249
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (not fast-forward)"
+msgstr "Échec de fusion du sous-module %s (pas en avance rapide)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1250
+msgid "Found a possible merge resolution for the submodule:\n"
+msgstr "Résolution possible de fusion trouvée pour le sous-module :\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1253
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If this is correct simply add it to the index for example\n"
+"by using:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n"
+"\n"
+"which will accept this suggestion.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Si c'est correct, ajoutez le simplement à l'index\n"
+"en utilisant par exemple :\n"
+"\n"
+"  git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n"
+"\n"
+"qui acceptera cette suggestion.\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1262
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (multiple merges found)"
+msgstr "Échec de fusion du sous-module %s (plusieurs fusions trouvées)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1321
 msgid "Failed to execute internal merge"
 msgstr "Échec à l'exécution de la fusion interne"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:942
+#: merge-recursive.c:1326
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add %s to database"
 msgstr "Impossible d'ajouter %s à la base de données"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:958
-msgid "unsupported object type in the tree"
-msgstr "type d'objet non supporté dans l'arbre"
+#: merge-recursive.c:1358
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto-merging %s"
+msgstr "Fusion automatique de %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1423
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error: Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; writing to %s instead."
+msgstr ""
+"Erreur : refus de perdre le fichier non suivi %s ; écriture dans %s à la "
+"place."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1033 merge-recursive.c:1047
+#: merge-recursive.c:1475
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
@@ -808,7 +2508,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "CONFLIT (%s/suppression) : %s supprimé dans %s et %s dans %s. Version %s de "
 "%s laissée dans l'arbre."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1039 merge-recursive.c:1052
+#: merge-recursive.c:1480
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree."
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLIT (%s/suppression) : %s supprimé dans %s et %s à %s dans %s. Version "
+"%s de %s laissée dans l'arbre."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1487
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
@@ -817,20 +2526,40 @@ msgstr ""
 "CONFLIT (%s/suppression) : %s supprimé dans %s et %s dans %s. Version %s de "
 "%s laissée dans l'arbre dans le fichier %s."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1093
+#: merge-recursive.c:1492
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLIT (%s/suppression) : %s supprimé dans %s et %s à %s dans %s. Version "
+"%s de %s laissée dans l'arbre dans le fichier %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1526
 msgid "rename"
 msgstr "renommage"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1093
+#: merge-recursive.c:1526
 msgid "renamed"
 msgstr "renommé"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1149
+#: merge-recursive.c:1580 merge-recursive.c:1736 merge-recursive.c:2368
+#: merge-recursive.c:3086
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"
+msgstr "Refus de perdre le fichier modifié %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"
 msgstr "%s est un répertoire dans %s ajouté plutôt comme %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1171
+#: merge-recursive.c:1599
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "Refus de perdre le fichier non suivi %s ; ajout comme %s à la place"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1625
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" rename \"%s"
@@ -839,207 +2568,318 @@ msgstr ""
 "CONFLIT (renommage/renommage) : Renommage de \"%s\"->\"%s\" dans la branche "
 "\"%s\" et renommage \"%s\"->\"%s\" dans \"%s\"%s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1176
+#: merge-recursive.c:1630
 msgid " (left unresolved)"
 msgstr " (laissé non résolu)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1230
+#: merge-recursive.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename %s->%s in %s. Rename %s->%s in %s"
 msgstr ""
 "CONFLIT (renommage/renommage) : renommage '%s'->'%s' dans %s. Renommage '%s'-"
 ">'%s' dans %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1260
+#: merge-recursive.c:1733
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
 msgstr "Renommage de %s en %s et de %s en %s à la place"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1459
+#: merge-recursive.c:1745
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose untracked file at %s, even though it's in the way."
+msgstr "Refus de perdre le fichier non suivi %s, même s'il gêne."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1951
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (directory rename split): Unclear where to place %s because "
+"directory %s was renamed to multiple other directories, with no destination "
+"getting a majority of the files."
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLIT (renommage de répertoire coupé) : la place de %s n'est pas claire "
+"parce que le répertoire %s a été renommé en plusieurs autres répertoires, "
+"sans aucune destination récupérant la majorité des fichiers."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1983
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Existing file/dir at %s in the way of "
+"implicit directory rename(s) putting the following path(s) there: %s."
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLIT (renommage implicite de répertoire) : le répertoire/fichier %s gêne "
+"des renommages implicites de répertoire déplaçant les chemins suivants : %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1993
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Cannot map more than one path to %s; "
+"implicit directory renames tried to put these paths there: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLIT (renommage implicite de répertoire) : impossible de transformer "
+"plusieurs chemins sur %s ; les chemins concernés sont : %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2085
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename directory %s->%s in %s. Rename directory %s-"
+">%s in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLIT (renommage/renommage) : renommage du répertoire %s->%s dans %s. "
+"Renommage de répertoire %s->%s dans %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2330
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"WARNING: Avoiding applying %s -> %s rename to %s, because %s itself was "
+"renamed."
+msgstr ""
+"AVERTISSEMENT : ne renomme pas %s->%s dans %s, parce que %s lui-même a été "
+"renommé."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2736
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. %s added in %s"
 msgstr ""
 "CONFLIT (renommage/ajout) : Renommage de %s->%s dans %s. %s ajouté dans %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1469
+#: merge-recursive.c:2751
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding merged %s"
 msgstr "Ajout de %s fusionné"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1474 merge-recursive.c:1672
+#: merge-recursive.c:2758 merge-recursive.c:3089
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding as %s instead"
 msgstr "Ajout plutôt comme %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1525
+#: merge-recursive.c:2914
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read object %s"
 msgstr "impossible de lire l'objet %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1528
+#: merge-recursive.c:2917
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s is not a blob"
 msgstr "l'objet %s n'est pas un blob"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1576
+#: merge-recursive.c:2986
 msgid "modify"
 msgstr "modification"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1576
+#: merge-recursive.c:2986
 msgid "modified"
 msgstr "modifié"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1586
+#: merge-recursive.c:2997
 msgid "content"
 msgstr "contenu"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1593
+#: merge-recursive.c:3004
 msgid "add/add"
 msgstr "ajout/ajout"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1627
+#: merge-recursive.c:3046
 #, c-format
 msgid "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"
 msgstr "%s sauté (fusion identique à l'existant)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1641
-#, c-format
-msgid "Auto-merging %s"
-msgstr "Fusion automatique de %s"
-
-#: merge-recursive.c:1645 git-submodule.sh:1150
+#: merge-recursive.c:3055 git-submodule.sh:895
 msgid "submodule"
 msgstr "sous-module"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1646
+#: merge-recursive.c:3056
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"
 msgstr "CONFLIT (%s) : Conflit de fusion dans %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1732
+#: merge-recursive.c:3178
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing %s"
 msgstr "Suppression de %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1757
+#: merge-recursive.c:3204
 msgid "file/directory"
 msgstr "fichier/répertoire"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1763
+#: merge-recursive.c:3210
 msgid "directory/file"
 msgstr "répertoire/fichier"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1768
+#: merge-recursive.c:3217
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. Adding %s as %s"
 msgstr ""
 "CONFLIT (%s) : Il y a un répertoire nommé %s dans %s. Ajout de %s comme %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1778
+#: merge-recursive.c:3226
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding %s"
 msgstr "Ajout de %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1795
-msgid "Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."
-msgstr "Échec fatal de fusion, qui ne devrait jamais arriver."
+#: merge-recursive.c:3267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot merge (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "Index sale : fusion impossible (sales : %s)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1814
-msgid "Already up-to-date!"
+#: merge-recursive.c:3271
+msgid "Already up to date!"
 msgstr "Déjà à jour !"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1823
+#: merge-recursive.c:3280
 #, c-format
 msgid "merging of trees %s and %s failed"
 msgstr "échec de fusion des arbres %s et %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1853
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unprocessed path??? %s"
-msgstr "Chemin non traité ??? %s"
-
-#: merge-recursive.c:1898
+#: merge-recursive.c:3379
 msgid "Merging:"
 msgstr "Fusion :"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1911
+#: merge-recursive.c:3392
 #, c-format
 msgid "found %u common ancestor:"
 msgid_plural "found %u common ancestors:"
 msgstr[0] "%u ancêtre commun trouvé :"
 msgstr[1] "%u ancêtres communs trouvés :"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1948
+#: merge-recursive.c:3431
 msgid "merge returned no commit"
 msgstr "la fusion n'a pas retourné de commit"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2005
+#: merge-recursive.c:3495
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
 msgstr "Impossible d'analyser l'objet '%s'"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2016 builtin/merge.c:667
+#: merge-recursive.c:3511 builtin/merge.c:659 builtin/merge.c:816
 msgid "Unable to write index."
 msgstr "Impossible d'écrire l'index."
 
-#: notes-utils.c:41
+#: notes-merge.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your previous notes merge (%s exists).\n"
+"Please, use 'git notes merge --commit' or 'git notes merge --abort' to "
+"commit/abort the previous merge before you start a new notes merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Vous n'avez pas terminé votre précédente fusion de notes (%s existe).\n"
+"Veuillez utiliser 'git notes merge --commit' ou 'git notes merge --abort' "
+"pour valider/abandonner la fusion en cours avant d'en démarrer une nouvelle."
+
+#: notes-merge.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "You have not concluded your notes merge (%s exists)."
+msgstr "Vous n'avez pas terminé votre fusion de notes (%s existe)."
+
+#: notes-utils.c:43
 msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
 msgstr "Impossible de valider un arbre de notes non initialisé/référencé"
 
-#: notes-utils.c:82
+#: notes-utils.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
 msgstr "Mauvaise valeur de notes.rewriteMode : '%s'"
 
-#: notes-utils.c:92
+#: notes-utils.c:112
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
 msgstr "Refus de réécrire des notes dans %s (hors de refs/notes/)"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
-#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
-#: notes-utils.c:119
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of
+#. the environment variable, the second %s is
+#. its value.
+#.
+#: notes-utils.c:142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
 msgstr "Mauvaise valeur de %s : '%s'"
 
-#: object.c:241
+#: object.c:242
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse object: %s"
 msgstr "impossible d'analyser l'objet : %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:546
+#: packfile.c:563
+msgid "offset before end of packfile (broken .idx?)"
+msgstr "offset avant la fin du fichier paquet (.idx cassé ?)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1742
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset before start of pack index for %s (corrupt index?)"
+msgstr "offset avant le début de l'index de paquet pour %s (index corrompu ?)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1746
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset beyond end of pack index for %s (truncated index?)"
+msgstr ""
+"offset au delà de la fin de l'index de paquet pour %s (index tronqué ?)"
+
+#: parse-options.c:621
 msgid "..."
 msgstr "..."
 
-#: parse-options.c:564
+#: parse-options.c:640
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s"
 msgstr "usage : %s"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
-#. one in "usage: %s" translation
-#: parse-options.c:568
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation.
+#.
+#: parse-options.c:646
 #, c-format
 msgid "   or: %s"
 msgstr "   ou : %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:571
+#: parse-options.c:649
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %s"
 msgstr "    %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:605
+#: parse-options.c:688
 msgid "-NUM"
 msgstr "-NUM"
 
-#: pathspec.c:133
+#: parse-options-cb.c:44
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed expiration date '%s'"
+msgstr "date d'expiration malformée : '%s'"
+
+#: parse-options-cb.c:112
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr "nom d'objet malformé '%s'"
+
+#: path.c:892
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr "Impossible de rendre %s inscriptible pour le groupe"
+
+#: pathspec.c:129
+msgid "Escape character '\\' not allowed as last character in attr value"
+msgstr ""
+"Le caractère d'échappement '\\\\' interdit comme dernier caractère dans une "
+"valeur d'attribut"
+
+#: pathspec.c:147
+msgid "Only one 'attr:' specification is allowed."
+msgstr "Une seule spécification 'attr:' est autorisée."
+
+#: pathspec.c:150
+msgid "attr spec must not be empty"
+msgstr "un spécificateur d'attribut ne peut pas être vide"
+
+#: pathspec.c:193
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid attribute name %s"
+msgstr "nom d'attribut invalide %s"
+
+#: pathspec.c:258
 msgid "global 'glob' and 'noglob' pathspec settings are incompatible"
 msgstr ""
 "les réglages de spécificateurs de chemin généraux 'glob' et 'noglob' sont "
 "incompatibles"
 
-#: pathspec.c:143
+#: pathspec.c:265
 msgid ""
 "global 'literal' pathspec setting is incompatible with all other global "
 "pathspec settings"
@@ -1047,69 +2887,57 @@ msgstr ""
 "le réglage global de spécificateur de chemin 'literal' est incompatible avec "
 "tous les autres réglages globaux de spécificateur de chemin"
 
-#: pathspec.c:177
+#: pathspec.c:305
 msgid "invalid parameter for pathspec magic 'prefix'"
 msgstr "paramètre invalide pour le spécificateur magique de chemin 'prefix'"
 
-#: pathspec.c:183
+#: pathspec.c:326
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid pathspec magic '%.*s' in '%s'"
 msgstr "La spécification magique de chemin '%.*s' est invalide dans '%s'"
 
-#: pathspec.c:187
+#: pathspec.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing ')' at the end of pathspec magic in '%s'"
 msgstr "')' manquante à la fin du spécificateur magique de chemin dans '%s'"
 
-#: pathspec.c:205
+#: pathspec.c:369
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unimplemented pathspec magic '%c' in '%s'"
 msgstr "Spécificateur magique '%c' non implémenté dans '%s'"
 
-#: pathspec.c:230
+#: pathspec.c:428
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: 'literal' and 'glob' are incompatible"
 msgstr "%s : 'literal' et 'glob' sont incompatibles"
 
-#: pathspec.c:241
+#: pathspec.c:441
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: '%s' is outside repository"
 msgstr "%s : '%s' est hors du dépôt"
 
-#: pathspec.c:291
+#: pathspec.c:515
 #, c-format
-msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
-msgstr "Le chemin '%s' est dans le sous-module '%.*s'"
+msgid "'%s' (mnemonic: '%c')"
+msgstr "'%s' (mnémonique : '%c')"
 
-#: pathspec.c:353
+#: pathspec.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: pathspec magic not supported by this command: %s"
 msgstr ""
 "%s : le spécificateur magique de chemin n'est pas supporté par cette "
 "commande : %s"
 
-#: pathspec.c:432
+#: pathspec.c:592
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
 msgstr "le chemin '%s' est au-delà d'un lien symbolique"
 
-#: pathspec.c:441
-msgid ""
-"There is nothing to exclude from by :(exclude) patterns.\n"
-"Perhaps you forgot to add either ':/' or '.' ?"
-msgstr ""
-"Il n'y a rien dont il faut exclure par des motifs :(exclure).\n"
-"Peut-être avez-vous oublié d'ajouter ':/' ou '.' ?"
-
-#: pretty.c:968
+#: pretty.c:962
 msgid "unable to parse --pretty format"
 msgstr "impossible d'analyser le format --pretty"
 
-#: progress.c:225
-msgid "done"
-msgstr "fait"
-
-#: read-cache.c:1267
+#: read-cache.c:1500
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "index.version set, but the value is invalid.\n"
@@ -1118,7 +2946,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "version d'index renseignée, mais la valeur est invalide.\n"
 "Utilisation de la version %i"
 
-#: read-cache.c:1277
+#: read-cache.c:1510
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "GIT_INDEX_VERSION set, but the value is invalid.\n"
@@ -1127,51 +2955,387 @@ msgstr ""
 "GIT_INDEX_VERSION est renseigné, mais la valeur est invalide.\n"
 "Utilisation de la version %i"
 
-#: remote.c:782
+#: read-cache.c:2404 sequencer.c:4338 wrapper.c:658 builtin/merge.c:1048
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not close '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de fermer '%s'"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2477 sequencer.c:2102 sequencer.c:3234
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "stat impossible de '%s'"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2490
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open git dir: %s"
+msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir le répertoire git : %s"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2502
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to unlink: %s"
+msgstr "échec lors de l'unlink : %s"
+
+#: refs.c:732 sequencer.c:4334 sequencer.c:4393 wrapper.c:225 wrapper.c:395
+#: builtin/am.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir '%s' en écriture"
+
+#: refs.c:1880
+msgid "ref updates forbidden inside quarantine environment"
+msgstr "mises à jour des références interdites en environnement de quarantaine"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1191
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove reference %s"
+msgstr "impossible de supprimer la référence %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1205 refs/packed-backend.c:1531
+#: refs/packed-backend.c:1541
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete reference %s: %s"
+msgstr "Impossible de supprimer la référence %s : %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1208 refs/packed-backend.c:1544
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete references: %s"
+msgstr "impossible de supprimer les références : %s"
+
+# à priori on parle d'une branche ici
+#: ref-filter.c:35 wt-status.c:1850
+msgid "gone"
+msgstr "disparue"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d"
+msgstr "en avance de %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:37
+#, c-format
+msgid "behind %d"
+msgstr "en retard de %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:38
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d, behind %d"
+msgstr "en avance de %d, en retard de %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(color:<color>)"
+msgstr "format attendu : %%(color:<couleur>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized color: %%(color:%s)"
+msgstr "couleur non reconnue : %%(color:%s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:lstrip=%s"
+msgstr "Valeur entière attendue refname:lstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:rstrip=%s"
+msgstr "Valeur entière attendue refname:rstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(%s) argument: %s"
+msgstr "argument %%(%s) non reconnu : %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(body) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(body) n'accepte pas d'argument"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(subject) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(subject) n'accepte pas d'argument"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown %%(trailers) argument: %s"
+msgstr "argument %%(trailers) inconnu : %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:264
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected contents:lines=%s"
+msgstr "valeur positive attendue contents:lines=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:266
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(contents) argument: %s"
+msgstr "argument %%(contents) non reconnu : %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:281
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected objectname:short=%s"
+msgstr "valeur positive attendue objectname:short=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:285
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(objectname) argument: %s"
+msgstr "argument %%(objectname) non reconnu : %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(align:<width>,<position>)"
+msgstr "format attendu : %%(align:<largeur>,<position>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:327
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized position:%s"
+msgstr "position non reconnue : %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:334
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized width:%s"
+msgstr "largeur non reconnue : %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(align) argument: %s"
+msgstr "argument %%(align) non reconnu : %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:351
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive width expected with the %%(align) atom"
+msgstr "valeur positive attendue avec l'atome %%(align)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:369
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(if) argument: %s"
+msgstr "argument %%(if) non reconnu : %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:464
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "nom de champ malformé %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:491
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "nom de champ inconnu : %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:608
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(if) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "format : atome %%(if) utilisé sans un atome %%(then)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "format : atome %%(then) utilisé sans un atome %%(if)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:673
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "format : atome %%(then) utilisé plus d'une fois"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:675
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used after %%(else)"
+msgstr "format: atome %%(then) utilisé après %%(else)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:703
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "format : atome %%(else) utilisé sans un atome %%(if)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:705
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "format : atome %%(else) utilisé sans un atome %%(then)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:707
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "format : atome %%(else) utilisé plus d'une fois"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:722
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom used without corresponding atom"
+msgstr "format : atome %%(end) utilisé sans atome correspondant"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed format string %s"
+msgstr "Chaîne de formatage mal formée %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1387
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
+msgstr "(aucune branche, rebasage de %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1390
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing detached HEAD %s)"
+msgstr "(aucune branche, rebasage de la HEAD détachée %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1393
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
+msgstr "(aucune branche, bisect a démarré sur %s)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached at " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1401
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached at %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD détachée sur %s)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached from " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1408
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached from %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD détachée depuis %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1412
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr "(aucune branche)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1442
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing object %s for %s"
+msgstr "objet manquant %s pour %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1445
+#, c-format
+msgid "parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s"
+msgstr "echec de parse_object_buffer sur %s pour %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1902
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr "objet malformé à '%s'"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1984
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring ref with broken name %s"
+msgstr "réf avec un nom cassé %s ignoré"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1989
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring broken ref %s"
+msgstr "réf cassé %s ignoré"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2261
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom missing"
+msgstr "format: atome %%(end) manquant"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2365
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr "nom d'objet malformé %s"
+
+#: remote.c:605
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot fetch both %s and %s to %s"
 msgstr "Impossible de récupérer à la fois %s et %s pour %s"
 
-#: remote.c:786
+#: remote.c:609
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s usually tracks %s, not %s"
 msgstr "%s suit habituellement %s, pas %s"
 
-#: remote.c:790
+#: remote.c:613
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s tracks both %s and %s"
 msgstr "%s suit à la fois %s et %s"
 
-#: remote.c:798
+#: remote.c:621
 msgid "Internal error"
 msgstr "Erreur interne"
 
-#: remote.c:1980
+#: remote.c:1534 remote.c:1635
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr "HEAD ne pointe pas sur une branche"
+
+#: remote.c:1543
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr "pas de branche '%s'"
+
+#: remote.c:1546
+#, c-format
+msgid "no upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr "aucune branche amont configurée pour la branche '%s'"
+
+#: remote.c:1552
+#, c-format
+msgid "upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "la branche amont '%s' n'est pas stockée comme branche de suivi"
+
+#: remote.c:1567
+#, c-format
+msgid "push destination '%s' on remote '%s' has no local tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+"la destination de poussée '%s' sur le serveur distant '%s' n'a pas de "
+"branche locale de suivi"
+
+#: remote.c:1579
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' has no remote for pushing"
+msgstr "la branche '%s' n'a aucune branche distante de poussée"
+
+#: remote.c:1589
+#, c-format
+msgid "push refspecs for '%s' do not include '%s'"
+msgstr "les références de spec pour '%s' n'incluent pas '%s'"
+
+#: remote.c:1602
+msgid "push has no destination (push.default is 'nothing')"
+msgstr "la poussée n'a pas de destination (push.default vaut 'nothing')"
+
+#: remote.c:1624
+msgid "cannot resolve 'simple' push to a single destination"
+msgstr ""
+"impossible de résoudre une poussée 'simple' pour une destination unique"
+
+#: remote.c:1939
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is based on '%s', but the upstream is gone.\n"
 msgstr "Votre branche est basée sur '%s', mais la branche amont a disparu.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1984
+#: remote.c:1943
 msgid "  (use \"git branch --unset-upstream\" to fixup)\n"
 msgstr "  (utilisez \"git branch --unset-upstream\" pour corriger)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1987
+#: remote.c:1946
 #, c-format
-msgid "Your branch is up-to-date with '%s'.\n"
+msgid "Your branch is up to date with '%s'.\n"
 msgstr "Votre branche est à jour avec '%s'.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1991
+#: remote.c:1950
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch and '%s' refer to different commits.\n"
+msgstr "Votre branche et '%s' font référence à des commits différents.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1953
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"%s\" for details)\n"
+msgstr "  (utilisez \"%s\" pour plus de détails)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1957
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
 msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
 msgstr[0] "Votre branche est en avance sur '%s' de %d commit.\n"
 msgstr[1] "Votre branche est en avance sur '%s' de %d commits.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1997
+#: remote.c:1963
 msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
 msgstr "  (utilisez \"git push\" pour publier vos commits locaux)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2000
+#: remote.c:1966
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgid_plural ""
@@ -1183,11 +3347,11 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "Votre branche est en retard sur '%s' de %d commits, et peut être mise à jour "
 "en avance rapide.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2008
+#: remote.c:1974
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
 msgstr "  (utilisez \"git pull\" pour mettre à jour votre branche locale)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2011
+#: remote.c:1977
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
@@ -1202,41 +3366,106 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "Votre branche et '%s' ont divergé,\n"
 "et ont %d et %d commits différents chacune respectivement.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2021
+#: remote.c:1987
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
 msgstr ""
 "  (utilisez \"git pull\" pour fusionner la branche distante dans la vôtre)\n"
 
-#: run-command.c:87
+#: revision.c:2289
+msgid "your current branch appears to be broken"
+msgstr "votre branche actuelle semble cassée"
+
+#: revision.c:2292
+#, c-format
+msgid "your current branch '%s' does not have any commits yet"
+msgstr "votre branche actuelle '%s' ne contient encore aucun commit"
+
+#: revision.c:2489
+msgid "--first-parent is incompatible with --bisect"
+msgstr "--first-parent est incompatible avec --bisect"
+
+#: run-command.c:728
 msgid "open /dev/null failed"
 msgstr "échec de l'ouverture de /dev/null"
 
-#: run-command.c:89
+#: run-command.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The '%s' hook was ignored because it's not set as executable.\n"
+"You can disable this warning with `git config advice.ignoredHook false`."
+msgstr ""
+"Le crochet '%s' a été ignoré parce qu'il n'est pas marqué comme exécutable.\n"
+"Vous pouvez désactiver cet avertissement avec `git config advice.ignoredHook "
+"false`."
+
+#: send-pack.c:141
+msgid "unexpected flush packet while reading remote unpack status"
+msgstr ""
+"paquet de nettoyage inattendu pendant la lecture de l'état de dépaquetage "
+"distant"
+
+#: send-pack.c:143
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse remote unpack status: %s"
+msgstr "impossible d'analyser l'état de dépaquetage distant : %s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:145
 #, c-format
-msgid "dup2(%d,%d) failed"
-msgstr "échec de dup2(%d,%d)"
+msgid "remote unpack failed: %s"
+msgstr "le dépaquetage a échoué : %s"
 
-#: send-pack.c:268
+#: send-pack.c:308
 msgid "failed to sign the push certificate"
 msgstr "impossible de signer le certificat de poussée"
 
-#: send-pack.c:325
+#: send-pack.c:421
 msgid "the receiving end does not support --signed push"
 msgstr "Le receveur ne gère pas les poussées avec --signed"
 
-#: sequencer.c:172 builtin/merge.c:782 builtin/merge.c:893 builtin/merge.c:995
-#: builtin/merge.c:1005
+#: send-pack.c:423
+msgid ""
+"not sending a push certificate since the receiving end does not support --"
+"signed push"
+msgstr ""
+"pas d'envoi de certificat de poussée car le receveur ne gère pas les "
+"poussées avec --signed"
+
+#: send-pack.c:435
+msgid "the receiving end does not support --atomic push"
+msgstr "Le receveur ne gère pas les poussées avec --atomic"
+
+#: send-pack.c:440
+msgid "the receiving end does not support push options"
+msgstr "Le receveur ne gère pas les options de poussées"
+
+#: sequencer.c:175
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
-msgstr "Impossible d'ouvrir '%s' en écriture"
+msgid "invalid commit message cleanup mode '%s'"
+msgstr "mode de nettoyage invalide de message de validation '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete '%s'"
+msgstr "Impossible de supprimer '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:301
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr "revert"
+
+#: sequencer.c:303
+msgid "cherry-pick"
+msgstr "cherry-pick"
 
-#: sequencer.c:174 builtin/merge.c:344 builtin/merge.c:785 builtin/merge.c:997
-#: builtin/merge.c:1010
+#: sequencer.c:305
+msgid "rebase -i"
+msgstr "rebase -i"
+
+#: sequencer.c:307
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
-msgstr "Impossible d'écrire dans '%s'"
+msgid "Unknown action: %d"
+msgstr "Action inconnue : %d"
 
-#: sequencer.c:195
+#: sequencer.c:364
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
@@ -1244,7 +3473,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "après résolution des conflits, marquez les chemins corrigés\n"
 "avec 'git add <chemins>' ou 'git rm <chemins>'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:198
+#: sequencer.c:367
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
@@ -1254,226 +3483,934 @@ msgstr ""
 "avec 'git add <chemins>' ou 'git rm <chemins>'\n"
 "puis validez le résultat avec 'git commit'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:211 sequencer.c:856 sequencer.c:939
+#: sequencer.c:380 sequencer.c:2468
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to %s"
-msgstr "Impossible d'écrire dans %s"
+msgid "could not lock '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de verrouiller '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:214
+#: sequencer.c:382 sequencer.c:2346 sequencer.c:2472 sequencer.c:2486
+#: sequencer.c:2694 sequencer.c:4336 sequencer.c:4399 wrapper.c:656
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
-msgstr "Erreur à l'emballage de %s"
+msgid "could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible d'écrire dans '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:229
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
-msgstr "Vos modifications locales seraient écrasées par cherry-pick."
+#: sequencer.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write eol to '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible d'écrire la fin de ligne dans '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:231
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
-msgstr "Vos modifications locales seraient écrasées par revert."
+#: sequencer.c:392 sequencer.c:2351 sequencer.c:2474 sequencer.c:2488
+#: sequencer.c:2702
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finalize '%s'"
+msgstr "échec lors de la finalisation de '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:415 sequencer.c:804 sequencer.c:1493 sequencer.c:2371
+#: sequencer.c:2684 sequencer.c:2788 builtin/am.c:259 builtin/commit.c:727
+#: builtin/merge.c:1046
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de lire '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "your local changes would be overwritten by %s."
+msgstr "vos modifications locales seraient écrasées par %s."
 
-#: sequencer.c:234
-msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
-msgstr "Validez vos modifications ou les remiser pour continuer."
+#: sequencer.c:445
+msgid "commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr "validez vos modifications ou les remiser pour continuer."
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
-#: sequencer.c:321
+#: sequencer.c:474
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: fast-forward"
+msgstr "%s : avance rapide"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert", "cherry-pick" or
+#. "rebase -i".
+#.
+#: sequencer.c:563
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "%s: Impossible d'écrire le nouveau fichier index"
 
-#: sequencer.c:339
-msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
-msgstr "Impossible de résoudre le commit HEAD\n"
+#: sequencer.c:579
+msgid "unable to update cache tree"
+msgstr "impossible de mettre à jour l'arbre de cache"
+
+#: sequencer.c:592
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD commit"
+msgstr "impossible de résoudre le commit HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:749
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you have staged changes in your working tree\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Vous avez des modifications indexées dans votre copie de travail.\n"
+"Si elles devaient être ajoutées dans le commit précédent, lancez :\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Si elles devaient aller dans un nouveau commit, lancez :\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Dans les deux cas, une fois fini, continuez avec :\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:818
+msgid "writing root commit"
+msgstr "écriture du commit racine"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1043
+msgid "'prepare-commit-msg' hook failed"
+msgstr "échec du crochet 'prepare-commit-msg'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1050
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
+"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
+"your configuration file:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Votre nom et votre adresse courriel ont été configurés automatiquement en "
+"se\n"
+"fondant sur votre nom d'utilisateur et le nom de votre machine. Veuillez \n"
+"vérifier qu'ils sont corrects. Vous pouvez supprimer ce message en les \n"
+"paramétrant explicitement. Lancez les commandes suivantes et suivez les\n"
+"instruction dans votre éditeur pour éditer votre fichier de configuration :\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"Après ceci, vous pouvez corriger l'identité utilisée pour cette validation "
+"avec :\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1063
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Votre nom et votre adresse courriel ont été configurés automatiquement en se "
+"fondant\n"
+"sur votre nom d'utilisateur et le nom de votre machine. Veuillez vérifier "
+"qu'ils sont corrects.\n"
+"Vous pouvez supprimer ce message en les paramétrant explicitement :\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Votre Nom\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email vous@exemple.com\n"
+"\n"
+"Après ceci, vous pouvez corriger l'identité utilisée pour ce commit avec :\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1103
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr "impossible de retrouver le commit nouvellement créé"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1105
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr "impossible d'analyser le commit nouvellement créé"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1151
+msgid "unable to resolve HEAD after creating commit"
+msgstr "impossible de résoudre HEAD après création du commit"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1153
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr "HEAD détachée"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1157
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr " (commit racine)"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1178
+msgid "could not parse HEAD"
+msgstr "impossible de lire HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1180
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "HEAD %s n'est pas un commit !"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1184 builtin/commit.c:1528
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr "impossible d'analyser le commit HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1235 sequencer.c:1832
+msgid "unable to parse commit author"
+msgstr "impossible d'analyser l'auteur du commit"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1245 builtin/am.c:1630 builtin/merge.c:645
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr "git write-tree a échoué à écrire un arbre"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1262 sequencer.c:1317
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read commit message from '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de lire le message de validation de '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1284 builtin/am.c:1650 builtin/commit.c:1631 builtin/merge.c:825
+#: builtin/merge.c:850
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr "échec de l'écriture de l'objet commit"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1344
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit %s"
+msgstr "impossible d'analyser le commit %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1349
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr "impossible d'analyser le commit parent %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1500 sequencer.c:1525
+#, c-format
+msgid "This is a combination of %d commits."
+msgstr "Ceci est la combinaison de %d commits."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1510 sequencer.c:4355
+msgid "need a HEAD to fixup"
+msgstr "une HEAD est nécessaire à la correction"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1512 sequencer.c:2729
+msgid "could not read HEAD"
+msgstr "Impossible de lire HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1514
+msgid "could not read HEAD's commit message"
+msgstr "impossible de lire le message de validation de HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1520
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible d'écrire '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:359
-msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
-msgstr "Impossible de mettre à jour l'arbre de cache\n"
+#: sequencer.c:1527 git-rebase--interactive.sh:457
+msgid "This is the 1st commit message:"
+msgstr "Ceci est le premier message de validation :"
 
-#: sequencer.c:406
+#: sequencer.c:1535
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
-msgstr "Impossible d'analyser le commit %s\n"
+msgid "could not read commit message of %s"
+msgstr "impossible de lire le message de validation de %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:411
+#: sequencer.c:1542
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
-msgstr "Impossible d'analyser le commit parent %s\n"
+msgid "This is the commit message #%d:"
+msgstr "Ceci est le message de validation numéro %d :"
 
-#: sequencer.c:477
-msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
-msgstr "Votre fichier d'index n'est pas fusionné."
+#: sequencer.c:1548
+#, c-format
+msgid "The commit message #%d will be skipped:"
+msgstr "Le message de validation %d sera ignoré :"
 
-#: sequencer.c:496
+#: sequencer.c:1553
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
-msgstr "Le commit %s est une fusion mais l'option -m n'a pas été spécifiée."
+msgid "unknown command: %d"
+msgstr "commande inconnue : %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1631
+msgid "your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr "votre fichier d'index n'est pas fusionné."
 
-#: sequencer.c:504
+#: sequencer.c:1638
+msgid "cannot fixup root commit"
+msgstr "impossible de réparer le commit racine"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1657
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
-msgstr "Le commit %s n'a pas le parent %d"
+msgid "commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr "le commit %s est une fusion mais l'option -m n'a pas été spécifiée."
 
-#: sequencer.c:508
+#: sequencer.c:1665
 #, c-format
-msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgid "commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr "le commit %s n'a pas de parent %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1669
+#, c-format
+msgid "mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
 msgstr ""
-"Une branche principale a été spécifiée mais le commit %s n'est pas une "
+"une branche principale a été spécifiée mais le commit %s n'est pas une "
 "fusion."
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
-#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
-#: sequencer.c:521
+#: sequencer.c:1675
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr "impossible d'obtenir un message de validation pour %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be a "todo" command like
+#. "revert" or "pick", the second %s a SHA1.
+#: sequencer.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
 msgstr "%s : impossible d'analyser le commit parent %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:525
+#: sequencer.c:1759
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
-msgstr "Impossible d'obtenir un message de validation pour %s"
+msgid "could not rename '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de renommer '%s' en '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:611
+#: sequencer.c:1813
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
 msgstr "impossible d'annuler %s... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:612
+#: sequencer.c:1814
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
 msgstr "impossible d'appliquer %s... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:648
+#: sequencer.c:1864
 msgid "empty commit set passed"
 msgstr "l'ensemble de commits spécifié est vide"
 
-#: sequencer.c:656
+#: sequencer.c:1874
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
 msgstr "git %s : échec à la lecture de l'index"
 
-#: sequencer.c:660
+#: sequencer.c:1881
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
 msgstr "git %s : échec du rafraîchissement de l'index"
 
-#: sequencer.c:720
+#: sequencer.c:1961
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
-msgstr "Impossible de %s pendant un %s"
+msgid "%s does not accept arguments: '%s'"
+msgstr "%s n'accepte pas d'argument : '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:742
+#: sequencer.c:1970
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse line %d."
-msgstr "Impossible d'analyser la ligne %d."
+msgid "missing arguments for %s"
+msgstr "argument manquant pour %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:747
-msgid "No commits parsed."
-msgstr "Aucun commit analysé."
+#: sequencer.c:2029
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "ligne %d invalide : %.*s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:760
+#: sequencer.c:2037
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open %s"
-msgstr "Impossible d'ouvrir %s"
+msgid "cannot '%s' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "'%s' impossible avec le commit précédent"
 
-#: sequencer.c:764
+#: sequencer.c:2085 sequencer.c:4138 sequencer.c:4173
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not read %s."
-msgstr "Impossible de lire %s."
+msgid "could not read '%s'."
+msgstr "impossible de lire '%s'."
 
-#: sequencer.c:771
+#: sequencer.c:2108
+msgid "please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "veuillez corriger ceci en utilisant 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2110
 #, c-format
-msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
-msgstr "Feuille d'instruction inutilisable : %s"
+msgid "unusable instruction sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "feuille d'instruction inutilisable : '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2115
+msgid "no commits parsed."
+msgstr "aucun commit analysé."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2126
+msgid "cannot cherry-pick during a revert."
+msgstr "impossible de picorer pendant l'annulation d'un commit."
 
-#: sequencer.c:801
+#: sequencer.c:2128
+msgid "cannot revert during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr "impossible d'annuler un commit pendant un picorage."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2195
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid key: %s"
-msgstr "Clé invalide: %s"
+msgid "invalid key: %s"
+msgstr "clé invalide : %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:804
+#: sequencer.c:2198
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
-msgstr "Valeur invalide pour %s : %s"
+msgid "invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "valeur invalide pour %s : %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2269
+msgid "unusable squash-onto"
+msgstr "\"écrase-sur\" inutilisable"
 
-#: sequencer.c:816
+#: sequencer.c:2285
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
-msgstr "Feuille d'options malformée : %s"
+msgid "malformed options sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "feuille d'options malformée : %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:837
+#: sequencer.c:2323
 msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
 msgstr "un picorage ou un retour est déjà en cours"
 
-#: sequencer.c:838
+#: sequencer.c:2324
 msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 msgstr "essayez \"git cherry-pick (--continue|--quit|-- abort)\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:842
+#: sequencer.c:2327
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
-msgstr "Impossible de créer le répertoire de séquenceur %s"
+msgid "could not create sequencer directory '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de créer le répertoire de séquenceur '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:858 sequencer.c:943
-#, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
-msgstr "Erreur lors de l'emballage de %s."
+#: sequencer.c:2341
+msgid "could not lock HEAD"
+msgstr "impossible de verrouiller HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:877 sequencer.c:1013
+#: sequencer.c:2396 sequencer.c:3403
 msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
 msgstr "aucun picorage ou retour en cours"
 
-#: sequencer.c:879
+#: sequencer.c:2398
 msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
 msgstr "impossible de résoudre HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:881
+#: sequencer.c:2400 sequencer.c:2435
 msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr "impossible d'abandonner depuis une branche non encore créée"
 
-#: sequencer.c:903 builtin/apply.c:4128
+#: sequencer.c:2421 builtin/grep.c:720
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
-msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir %s : %s"
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:906
+#: sequencer.c:2423
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
-msgstr "impossible de lire %s : %s"
+msgid "cannot read '%s': %s"
+msgstr "impossible de lire '%s' : %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:907
+#: sequencer.c:2424
 msgid "unexpected end of file"
 msgstr "fin de fichier inattendue"
 
-#: sequencer.c:913
+#: sequencer.c:2430
 #, c-format
 msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
 msgstr "le fichier HEAD de préparation de picorage '%s' est corrompu"
 
-#: sequencer.c:936
+#: sequencer.c:2441
+msgid "You seem to have moved HEAD. Not rewinding, check your HEAD!"
+msgstr ""
+"Vous semblez avoir déplacé la HEAD. Pas de rembobinage, vérifiez votre HEAD !"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2545 sequencer.c:3321
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update %s"
+msgstr "impossible de mettre à jour %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2583 sequencer.c:3301
+msgid "cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "impossible de lire HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2618 sequencer.c:2622 builtin/difftool.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de copier '%s' vers '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2641
+msgid "could not read index"
+msgstr "impossible de lire l'index"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2646
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution failed: %s\n"
+"%sYou can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"échec d'exécution : %s\n"
+"%sVous pouvez corriger le problème, puis lancer\n"
+"\n"
+"git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2652
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+msgstr "et a mis à jour l'index ou l'arbre de travail\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2658
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution succeeded: %s\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"L'exécution a réussi : %s\n"
+"mais a laissé des modifications dans l'index ou la copie de travail\n"
+"Validez ou remisez vos modification, puis lancez\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2771
+msgid "writing fake root commit"
+msgstr "écriture d'un commit racine bidon"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2776
+msgid "writing squash-onto"
+msgstr "écriture de 'écraser-sur'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2811
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to find tree of %s"
+msgstr "impossible de trouver l'arbre de %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2829
+msgid "could not write index"
+msgstr "impossible d'écrire l'index"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2861
+msgid "cannot merge without a current revision"
+msgstr "impossible de fusionner avec une révision courante"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2884
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de résoudre '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2906
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get commit message of '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de lire le message de validation de '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2916 sequencer.c:2941
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible d'écrire '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3005
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not even attempt to merge '%.*s'"
+msgstr "impossible de seulement essayer de fusionner '%.*s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3021
+msgid "merge: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "fusion : Impossible d'écrire le nouveau fichier index"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3088
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied autostash.\n"
+msgstr "Autoremisage appliqué.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3100
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot store %s"
+msgstr "impossible de stocker %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3103 git-rebase.sh:188
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
+"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
+"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"L'application de l'autoremisage a provoqué des conflits\n"
+"Vos  modifications sont à l'abri dans la remise.\n"
+"Vous pouvez lancer \"git stash pop\" ou \"git stash drop\" à tout moment.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not execute the todo command\n"
+"\n"
+"    %.*s\n"
+"It has been rescheduled; To edit the command before continuing, please\n"
+"edit the todo list first:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --edit-todo\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible d'exécuter la commande\n"
+"\n"
+"    %.*s\n"
+"Elle a été reprogrammée ; pour éditer la commande avant de poursuivre,\n"
+"veuillez éditer la liste de commandes en premier :\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --edit-todo\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3202
+#, c-format
+msgid "Stopped at %s...  %.*s\n"
+msgstr "arrêt à %s... %.*s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3264
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command %d"
+msgstr "commande inconnue %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3309
+msgid "could not read orig-head"
+msgstr "impossible de lire orig-head"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3314 sequencer.c:4352
+msgid "could not read 'onto'"
+msgstr "impossible de lire 'onto'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3328
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update HEAD to %s"
+msgstr "impossible de mettre à jour HEAD sur %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3414
+msgid "cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "impossible de rebaser : vous avez des modifications non indexées."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3423
+msgid "cannot amend non-existing commit"
+msgstr "impossible de corriger un commit non-existant"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3425
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid file: '%s'"
+msgstr "fichier invalide : '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3427
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid contents: '%s'"
+msgstr "contenu invalide : '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3430
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please, commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Vous avez des modifications non validées dans votre copie de travail.\n"
+"Veuillez les valider d'abord, puis relancer 'git rebase --continue'."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3455 sequencer.c:3493
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not format %s."
-msgstr "Impossible de formater %s."
+msgid "could not write file: '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible d'écrire le fichier : '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3508
+msgid "could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "impossible de supprimer CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3515
+msgid "could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "impossible de valider les modifications indexées."
 
-#: sequencer.c:1081
+#: sequencer.c:3612
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"
 msgstr "%s : impossible de picorer un %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1084
+#: sequencer.c:3616
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: bad revision"
 msgstr "%s : mauvaise révision"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1118
-msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
-msgstr "Impossible d'annuler en tant que commit initial"
+#: sequencer.c:3649
+msgid "can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr "impossible d'annuler en tant que commit initial"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4098
+msgid "make_script: unhandled options"
+msgstr "make_script : options non gérées"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4101
+msgid "make_script: error preparing revisions"
+msgstr "make_script : erreur lors de la préparation des révisions"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4142 sequencer.c:4177
+#, c-format
+msgid "unusable todo list: '%s'"
+msgstr "liste à faire inutilisable : '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4236
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unrecognized setting %s for option rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Ignoring."
+msgstr ""
+"paramètre non reconnu %s pour l'option rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Ignoré."
+
+#: sequencer.c:4302
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: some commits may have been dropped accidentally.\n"
+"Dropped commits (newer to older):\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Attention : certains commits ont pu être accidentellement supprimés.\n"
+"Commits supprimés (du plus jeune au plus vieux) :\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4309
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"To avoid this message, use \"drop\" to explicitly remove a commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Use 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' to change the level of "
+"warnings.\n"
+"The possible behaviours are: ignore, warn, error.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Pour éviter ce message, utilisez \"drop\" pour supprimer explicitement un "
+"commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Utilisez 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' pour changer le niveau "
+"d'avertissements.\n"
+"Les comportements disponibles sont : ignore, warn, error.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4321
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You can fix this with 'git rebase --edit-todo' and then run 'git rebase --"
+"continue'.\n"
+"Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Vous pouvez corriger ceci avec 'git rebase --edit-todo' puis lancez 'git "
+"rebase --continue'.\n"
+"Ou vous pouvez abandonner le rebasage avec 'git rebase --abort'.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4375
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible d'analyser le commit '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4490
+msgid "the script was already rearranged."
+msgstr "le script a déjà été réarrangé."
+
+#: setup.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is outside repository"
+msgstr "'%s' est hors du dépôt"
+
+#: setup.c:172
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s: no such path in the working tree.\n"
+"Use 'git <command> -- <path>...' to specify paths that do not exist locally."
+msgstr ""
+"%s : ce chemin n'existe pas dans la copie de travail.\n"
+"Utilisez 'git <commande> -- <chemin>...' pour spécifier des chemins qui "
+"n'existent pas localement."
+
+#: setup.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"argument '%s' ambigu : révision inconnue ou chemin inexistant.\n"
+"Utilisez '--' pour séparer les chemins des révisions, comme ceci :\n"
+"'git <commande> [<révision>...] -- [<chemin>...]'"
+
+#: setup.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' must come before non-option arguments"
+msgstr ""
+"l'option '%s' doit être présente avant les arguments qui ne sont pas des "
+"options"
+
+#: setup.c:253
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"argument '%s' ambigu : révision et chemin spécifiés.\n"
+"Utilisez '--' pour séparer les chemins des révisions, comme ceci :\n"
+"'git <commande> [<révision>...] -- [<chemin>...]'"
+
+#: setup.c:389
+msgid "unable to set up work tree using invalid config"
+msgstr ""
+"impossible de mettre en place le répertoire de travail en utilisant une "
+"configuration invalide"
+
+#: setup.c:393
+msgid "this operation must be run in a work tree"
+msgstr "Cette opération doit être effectuée dans un arbre de travail"
+
+#: setup.c:503
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d"
+msgstr "Version attendue du dépôt git <= %d, %d trouvée"
+
+#: setup.c:511
+msgid "unknown repository extensions found:"
+msgstr "extensions de dépôt inconnues trouvées :"
+
+#: setup.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "error opening '%s'"
+msgstr "erreur à l'ouverture de '%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "too large to be a .git file: '%s'"
+msgstr "trop gros pour être une fichier .git : '%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:534
+#, c-format
+msgid "error reading %s"
+msgstr "erreur à la lecture de %s"
+
+#: setup.c:536
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid gitfile format: %s"
+msgstr "format de fichier git invalide : %s"
+
+#: setup.c:538
+#, c-format
+msgid "no path in gitfile: %s"
+msgstr "aucun chemin dans le fichier git : %s"
+
+#: setup.c:540
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: %s"
+msgstr "ce n'est pas un dépôt git : %s"
+
+#: setup.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "'$%s' too big"
+msgstr "'$%s' trop gros"
+
+#: setup.c:653
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: '%s'"
+msgstr "ce n'est pas un dépôt git : '%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:682 setup.c:684 setup.c:715
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de se déplacer vers le répertoire (chdir) '%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:687 setup.c:743 setup.c:753 setup.c:792 setup.c:800 setup.c:815
+msgid "cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr "impossible de revenir au répertoire de travail courant"
+
+#: setup.c:813
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): %s"
+msgstr "ni ceci ni aucun de ses répertoires parents n'est un dépôt git : %s"
+
+#: setup.c:824
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%*s%s%s'"
+msgstr "échec du stat de '%*s%s%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:1054
+msgid "Unable to read current working directory"
+msgstr "Impossible d'accéder au répertoire de travail courant"
+
+#: setup.c:1066 setup.c:1072
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot change to '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de modifier en '%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:1085
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not a git repository (or any parent up to mount point %s)\n"
+"Stopping at filesystem boundary (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM not set)."
+msgstr ""
+"ni ceci ni aucun de ses répertoires parents (jusqu'au point de montage %s) "
+"n'est un dépôt git\n"
+"Arrêt à la limite du système de fichiers (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM "
+"n'est pas défini)."
+
+#: setup.c:1168
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"problem with core.sharedRepository filemode value (0%.3o).\n"
+"The owner of files must always have read and write permissions."
+msgstr ""
+"problème avec la valeur de core.sharedRepository (0%.3o).\n"
+"Le propriétaire des fichiers doit toujours avoir les droits en lecture et "
+"écriture."
+
+#: setup.c:1211
+msgid "open /dev/null or dup failed"
+msgstr "échec de l'ouverture ou au dup de /dev/null"
+
+#: setup.c:1226
+msgid "fork failed"
+msgstr "échec de la bifurcation"
+
+#: setup.c:1231
+msgid "setsid failed"
+msgstr "échec du setsid"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:625
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "le chemin '%s' n'existe pas"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:651
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' as a linked checkout is not supported yet."
+msgstr ""
+"extraire le dépôt de référence '%s' comme une extraction liée n'est pas "
+"encore supporté."
+
+#: sha1-file.c:657
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
+msgstr "le dépôt de référence '%s' n'est pas un dépôt local."
+
+#: sha1-file.c:663
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
+msgstr "le dépôt de référence '%s' est superficiel"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
+msgstr "le dépôt de référence '%s' est greffé"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:442
+#, c-format
+msgid "short SHA1 %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "le SHA1 court %s est ambigu"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1119
-msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
-msgstr "Impossible de picorer vers une HEAD vide"
+#: sha1-name.c:453
+msgid "The candidates are:"
+msgstr "Les candidats sont :"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:440
+#: sha1-name.c:695
 msgid ""
 "Git normally never creates a ref that ends with 40 hex characters\n"
 "because it will be ignored when you just specify 40-hex. These refs\n"
@@ -1485,7 +4422,7 @@ msgid ""
 "examine these refs and maybe delete them. Turn this message off by\n"
 "running \"git config advice.objectNameWarning false\""
 msgstr ""
-"Git ne créé normalement jamais de référence qui se termine par 40 caractères "
+"Git ne crée normalement jamais de référence qui se termine par 40 caractères "
 "hexa\n"
 "car elle serait ignorée si vous spécifiiez 40-hexa. Ces références\n"
 "peuvent être créées par erreur. Par exemple,\n"
@@ -1498,368 +4435,840 @@ msgstr ""
 "message\n"
 "en lançant \"git config advice.objectNameWarning false\""
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1068
-msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
-msgstr "HEAD ne pointe pas sur une branche"
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1071
-#, c-format
-msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
-msgstr "Branche inconnue : '%s'"
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1073
-#, c-format
-msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
-msgstr "Aucune branche amont configurée pour la branche '%s'"
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1077
-#, c-format
-msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
-msgstr "La branche amont '%s' n'est pas stockée comme branche de suivi"
-
-#: submodule.c:64 submodule.c:98
+#: submodule.c:97 submodule.c:131
 msgid "Cannot change unmerged .gitmodules, resolve merge conflicts first"
 msgstr ""
 "Modification impossible de .gitmodules non fusionné, résolvez les conflits "
 "d'abord"
 
-#: submodule.c:68 submodule.c:102
+#: submodule.c:101 submodule.c:135
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find section in .gitmodules where path=%s"
 msgstr "Impossible de trouver une section où path=%s dans .gitmodules"
 
-#: submodule.c:76
+#: submodule.c:109
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not update .gitmodules entry %s"
 msgstr "Impossible de mettre à jour l'élément %s de .gitmodules"
 
 # ici %s est un chemin
-#: submodule.c:109
+#: submodule.c:142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not remove .gitmodules entry for %s"
 msgstr "Impossible de supprimer l'élément de .gitmodules pour %s"
 
-#: submodule.c:120
+#: submodule.c:153
 msgid "staging updated .gitmodules failed"
 msgstr "échec de la mise en index du .gitmodules mis à jour"
 
-#: submodule.c:1111 builtin/init-db.c:371
+#: submodule.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "in unpopulated submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "dans le sous-module '%s' non populé"
+
+#: submodule.c:346
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "Le chemin '%s' est dans le sous-module '%.*s'"
+
+#: submodule.c:837
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule entry '%s' (%s) is a %s, not a commit"
+msgstr "l'entrée de sous-module '%s' (%s) est un %s, pas un commit"
+
+#: submodule.c:1069 builtin/branch.c:651 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1743
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr "Échec de résolution de HEAD comme référence valide."
+
+#: submodule.c:1375
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' not recognized as a git repository"
+msgstr "'%s' n'est pas reconnu comme dépôt git"
+
+#: submodule.c:1513
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not start 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de démarrer 'git status' dans le sous-module '%s'"
+
+#: submodule.c:1526
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not run 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de lancer 'git status' dans le sous-module '%s'"
+
+#: submodule.c:1619
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' has dirty index"
+msgstr "le sous-module '%s' a un index sale"
+
+#: submodule.c:1718
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"relocate_gitdir for submodule '%s' with more than one worktree not supported"
+msgstr ""
+"relocate_gitdir pour le sous-module '%s' avec plus d'un arbre de travail "
+"n'est pas supporté"
+
+#: submodule.c:1730 submodule.c:1786
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup name for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de trouve le nom pour le sous-module '%s'"
+
+#: submodule.c:1734 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1261
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de créer le répertoire '%s'"
+
+#: submodule.c:1737
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Migrating git directory of '%s%s' from\n"
+"'%s' to\n"
+"'%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Migration du répertoire git de '%s%s' depuis\n"
+"'%s' sur\n"
+"'%s'\n"
+
+#: submodule.c:1821
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create git link %s"
-msgstr "Impossible de créer le lien git %s"
+msgid "could not recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "récursion impossible dans le sous-module '%s'"
 
-#: submodule.c:1122
+#: submodule.c:1865
+msgid "could not start ls-files in .."
+msgstr "impossible de démarrer ls-files dans .."
+
+#: submodule.c:1904
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not set core.worktree in %s"
-msgstr "Impossible de paramétrer core.worktree dans %s"
+msgid "ls-tree returned unexpected return code %d"
+msgstr "ls-tree a renvoyé un code de retour inattendu %d"
 
-#: trailer.c:500 trailer.c:504 trailer.c:508 trailer.c:562 trailer.c:566
-#: trailer.c:570
+#: submodule-config.c:230
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring suspicious submodule name: %s"
+msgstr "nom de sous-module suspicieux %s ignoré"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:294
+msgid "negative values not allowed for submodule.fetchjobs"
+msgstr "les valeurs négatives ne sont pas permises pour submodule.fetchJobs"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:467
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid value for %s"
+msgstr "Valeur invalide pour %s"
+
+#: trailer.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "running trailer command '%s' failed"
+msgstr "échec de la commande trailer '%s'"
+
+#: trailer.c:485 trailer.c:490 trailer.c:495 trailer.c:549 trailer.c:553
+#: trailer.c:557
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"
 msgstr "valeur inconnue '%s' pour la clé '%s'"
 
-#: trailer.c:552 trailer.c:557 builtin/remote.c:290
+#: trailer.c:539 trailer.c:544 builtin/remote.c:293
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than one %s"
 msgstr "plus d'un %s"
 
-#: trailer.c:590
+#: trailer.c:730
 #, c-format
 msgid "empty trailer token in trailer '%.*s'"
 msgstr "symbole vide dans la ligne de fin '%.*s'"
 
-#: trailer.c:710
+#: trailer.c:750
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read input file '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible de lire le fichier d'entrée '%s'"
 
-#: trailer.c:713
+#: trailer.c:753
 msgid "could not read from stdin"
 msgstr "Impossible de lire depuis l'entrée standard"
 
-#: unpack-trees.c:202
+#: trailer.c:1008 builtin/am.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat %s"
+msgstr "stat impossible de %s"
+
+#: trailer.c:1010
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not a regular file"
+msgstr "%s n'est pas un fichier régulier"
+
+#: trailer.c:1012
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not writable by user"
+msgstr "le fichier %s n'est pas inscriptible par l'utilisateur"
+
+#: trailer.c:1024
+msgid "could not open temporary file"
+msgstr "impossible de créer un fichier temporaire"
+
+#: trailer.c:1064
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not rename temporary file to %s"
+msgstr "impossible de renommer un fichier temporaire en %s"
+
+#: transport.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would set upstream of '%s' to '%s' of '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Positionnerait la branche amont de '%s' sur '%s' de '%s'\n"
+
+#: transport.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid "transport: invalid depth option '%s'"
+msgstr "transport : option de profondeur invalide '%s'"
+
+#: transport.c:584
+msgid "could not parse transport.color.* config"
+msgstr "impossible d'analyser la configuration transport.color.*"
+
+#: transport.c:996
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following submodule paths contain changes that can\n"
+"not be found on any remote:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Les chemins suivant de sous-module contiennent des modifications\n"
+"qui ne peuvent être trouvées sur aucun distant :\n"
+
+#: transport.c:1000
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Please try\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"or cd to the path and use\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"to push them to a remote.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Veuillez essayer\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"ou bien changez de répertoire et utilisez\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"pour les pousser vers un serveur distant.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: transport.c:1008
+msgid "Aborting."
+msgstr "Abandon."
+
+#: transport-helper.c:1087
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read ref %s"
+msgstr "impossible de lire la réf %s"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:31
+msgid "too-short tree object"
+msgstr "objet arbre trop court"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:37
+msgid "malformed mode in tree entry"
+msgstr "mode invalide dans l'entrée d'arbre"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:41
+msgid "empty filename in tree entry"
+msgstr "nom de fichier vide dans une entrée de l'arbre"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:113
+msgid "too-short tree file"
+msgstr "fichier arbre trop court"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Vos modifications locales aux fichiers suivants seraient écrasées par "
+"l'extraction :\n"
+"%%sVeuillez valider ou remiser vos modifications avant de basculer de "
+"branche."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:113
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Vos modifications locales aux fichiers suivants seraient écrasées par "
+"l'extraction :\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Vos modifications locales aux fichiers suivants seraient écrasées par la "
+"fusion :\n"
+"%%sVeuillez valider ou remiser vos modifications avant la fusion."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Vos modifications locales aux fichiers suivants seraient écrasées par la "
+"fusion :\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Vos modifications locales aux fichiers suivants seraient écrasées par %s :\n"
+"%%sVeuillez valider ou remiser vos modifications avant %s."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Vos modifications locales aux fichiers suivants seraient écrasées par %s :\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Updating the following directories would lose untracked files in them:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"La mise à jour des répertoires suivants effacerait les fichiers non suivis "
+"contenus :\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:132
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Les fichiers suivants non suivis de la copie de travail seraient effacés par "
+"l'extraction :\n"
+"%%sVeuillez renommer ou effacer ces fichiers avant de basculer de branche."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Les fichiers suivants non suivis seraient effacés par l'extraction :\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Les fichiers suivants non suivis de la copie de travail seraient effacés par "
+"la fusion :\n"
+"%%sVeuillez renommer ou effacer ces fichiers avant la fusion."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Les fichiers suivants non suivis seraient effacés par la fusion :\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:142
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Les fichiers suivants non suivis de la copie de travail seraient effacés par "
+"%s :\n"
+"%%sVeuillez renommer ou effacer ces fichiers avant %s."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:144
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Les fichiers suivants non suivis seraient effacés par %s :\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:150
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Les fichiers suivants non suivis de la copie de travail seraient écrasés par "
+"l'extraction :\n"
+"%%sVeuillez renommer ou effacer ces fichiers avant de basculer de branche."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Les fichiers suivants non suivis seraient écrasés par l'extraction :\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:155
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Les fichiers suivants non suivis de la copie de travail seraient effacés par "
+"la fusion :\n"
+"%%sVeuillez renommer ou effacer ces fichiers avant la fusion."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Les fichiers suivants non suivis seraient écrasés par la fusion :\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:160
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Les fichiers suivants non suivis de la copie de travail seraient écrasés par "
+"%s :\n"
+"%%sVeuillez renommer ou effacer ces fichiers avant %s."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:162
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Les fichiers suivants non suivis seraient écrasés par %s :\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid "Entry '%s' overlaps with '%s'.  Cannot bind."
+msgstr "L'entrée '%s' surcharge avec '%s'. Affectation impossible."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update sparse checkout: the following entries are not up to date:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Mise à jour d'extraction creuse impossible : les entrées suivantes ne sont "
+"pas à jour :\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:175
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be overwritten by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Les fichiers suivants de la copie de travail seraient écrasés par la mise à "
+"jour par l'extraction creuse :\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be removed by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Les fichiers suivants de la copie de travail seraient supprimés par la mise "
+"à jour par extraction creuse :\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update submodule:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Mise à jour impossible pour le sous-module :\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting\n"
+msgstr "Abandon\n"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:344
 msgid "Checking out files"
 msgstr "Extraction des fichiers"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:120
+#: urlmatch.c:163
 msgid "invalid URL scheme name or missing '://' suffix"
 msgstr "nom de schéma d'URL invalide ou suffixe '://' manquant"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:144 urlmatch.c:297 urlmatch.c:356
+#: urlmatch.c:187 urlmatch.c:346 urlmatch.c:405
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %XX escape sequence"
 msgstr "séquence d'échappement %XX invalide"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:172
+#: urlmatch.c:215
 msgid "missing host and scheme is not 'file:'"
 msgstr "hôte manquant et le schéma n'est pas 'file:'"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:189
+#: urlmatch.c:232
 msgid "a 'file:' URL may not have a port number"
 msgstr "une URL 'file:' ne peut pas contenir de numéro de port"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:199
+#: urlmatch.c:247
 msgid "invalid characters in host name"
 msgstr "caractères invalides dans le nom d'hôte"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:244 urlmatch.c:255
+#: urlmatch.c:292 urlmatch.c:303
 msgid "invalid port number"
 msgstr "numéro de port invalide"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:322
+#: urlmatch.c:371
 msgid "invalid '..' path segment"
 msgstr "segment de chemin '..' invalide"
 
-#: wrapper.c:509
+#: worktree.c:245 builtin/am.c:2147
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
-msgstr "impossible d'accéder à '%s' : %s"
+msgid "failed to read '%s'"
+msgstr "échec de la lecture de '%s'"
 
-#: wrapper.c:530
+#: worktree.c:291
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to access '%s'"
-msgstr "impossible d'accéder à '%s'"
+msgid "'%s' at main working tree is not the repository directory"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' dans l'arbre de travail principal n'est pas le répertoire de dépôt"
 
-#: wrapper.c:541
+#: worktree.c:302
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
+msgid "'%s' file does not contain absolute path to the working tree location"
 msgstr ""
-"impossible de rechercher l'utilisateur actuel dans le fichier de mots de "
-"passe : %s"
+"le fichier '%s' ne contient pas de chemin absolu à l'emplacement de l'arbre "
+"de travail"
+
+#: worktree.c:314
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "'%s' n'existe pas"
+
+#: worktree.c:320
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a .git file, error code %d"
+msgstr "'%s' n'est pas un fichier .git, code d'erreur %d"
 
-#: wrapper.c:542
-msgid "no such user"
-msgstr "utilisateur inconnu"
+#: worktree.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point back to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' ne pointe pas en retour sur '%s'"
+
+#: wrapper.c:223 wrapper.c:393
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading and writing"
+msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir '%s' en lecture/écriture"
+
+#: wrapper.c:227 wrapper.c:397 builtin/am.c:320 builtin/am.c:770
+#: builtin/am.c:862 builtin/merge.c:1043
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir '%s' en lecture"
+
+#: wrapper.c:424 wrapper.c:624
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible d'accéder à '%s'"
 
-#: wrapper.c:550
+#: wrapper.c:632
 msgid "unable to get current working directory"
 msgstr "impossible d'accéder au répertoire de travail courant"
 
-#: wt-status.c:150
+#: wt-status.c:154
 msgid "Unmerged paths:"
 msgstr "Chemins non fusionnés :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:177 wt-status.c:204
+#: wt-status.c:181 wt-status.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
 msgstr "  (utilisez \"git reset %s <fichier>...\" pour désindexer)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:179 wt-status.c:206
+#: wt-status.c:183 wt-status.c:210
 msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
 msgstr "  (utilisez \"git rm --cached <fichier>...\" pour désindexer)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:183
+#: wt-status.c:187
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
 msgstr "  (utilisez \"git add <fichier>...\" pour marquer comme résolu)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:185 wt-status.c:189
+#: wt-status.c:189 wt-status.c:193
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (utilisez \"git add/rm <fichier>...\" si nécessaire pour marquer comme "
 "résolu)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:187
+#: wt-status.c:191
 msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
 msgstr "  (utilisez \"git rm <fichier>...\" pour marquer comme résolu)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:198
+#: wt-status.c:202 wt-status.c:1015
 msgid "Changes to be committed:"
 msgstr "Modifications qui seront validées :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:216
+#: wt-status.c:220 wt-status.c:1024
 msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
 msgstr "Modifications qui ne seront pas validées :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:220
+#: wt-status.c:224
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (utilisez \"git add <fichier>...\" pour mettre à jour ce qui sera validé)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:222
+#: wt-status.c:226
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (utilisez \"git add/rm <fichier>...\" pour mettre à jour ce qui sera "
 "validé)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:223
+#: wt-status.c:227
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (utilisez \"git checkout -- <fichier>...\" pour annuler les modifications "
 "dans la copie de travail)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:225
+#: wt-status.c:229
 msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (valider ou annuler le contenu non suivi ou modifié dans les sous-modules)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:237
+#: wt-status.c:241
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (utilisez \"git %s <fichier>...\" pour inclure dans ce qui sera validé)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:252
+#: wt-status.c:256
 msgid "both deleted:"
 msgstr "supprimé des deux côtés :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:254
+#: wt-status.c:258
 msgid "added by us:"
 msgstr "ajouté par nous :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:256
+#: wt-status.c:260
 msgid "deleted by them:"
 msgstr "supprimé par eux :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:258
+#: wt-status.c:262
 msgid "added by them:"
 msgstr "ajouté par eux :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:260
+#: wt-status.c:264
 msgid "deleted by us:"
 msgstr "supprimé par nous :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:262
+#: wt-status.c:266
 msgid "both added:"
 msgstr "ajouté de deux côtés :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:264
+#: wt-status.c:268
 msgid "both modified:"
 msgstr "modifié des deux côtés :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:266
-#, c-format
-msgid "bug: unhandled unmerged status %x"
-msgstr "bogue : état de non-fusion non géré %x"
-
-#: wt-status.c:274
+#: wt-status.c:278
 msgid "new file:"
 msgstr "nouveau fichier :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:276
+#: wt-status.c:280
 msgid "copied:"
 msgstr "copié :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:278
+#: wt-status.c:282
 msgid "deleted:"
 msgstr "supprimé :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:280
+#: wt-status.c:284
 msgid "modified:"
 msgstr "modifié :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:282
+#: wt-status.c:286
 msgid "renamed:"
 msgstr "renommé :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:284
+#: wt-status.c:288
 msgid "typechange:"
 msgstr "modif. type :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:286
+#: wt-status.c:290
 msgid "unknown:"
 msgstr "inconnu :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:288
+#: wt-status.c:292
 msgid "unmerged:"
 msgstr "non fusionné :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:370
+#: wt-status.c:372
 msgid "new commits, "
 msgstr "nouveaux commits, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:372
+#: wt-status.c:374
 msgid "modified content, "
 msgstr "contenu modifié, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:374
+#: wt-status.c:376
 msgid "untracked content, "
 msgstr "contenu non suivi, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:391
+#: wt-status.c:853
 #, c-format
-msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
-msgstr "bogue : état de diff non géré %c"
+msgid "Your stash currently has %d entry"
+msgid_plural "Your stash currently has %d entries"
+msgstr[0] "Votre remisage contient actuellement %d entrée"
+msgstr[1] "Votre remisage contient actuellement %d entrées"
 
-#: wt-status.c:758
+#: wt-status.c:885
 msgid "Submodules changed but not updated:"
 msgstr "Sous-modules modifiés mais non mis à jour :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:760
+#: wt-status.c:887
 msgid "Submodule changes to be committed:"
 msgstr "Changements du sous-module à valider :"
 
-#: wt-status.c:839
+#: wt-status.c:969
 msgid ""
-"Do not touch the line above.\n"
-"Everything below will be removed."
+"Do not modify or remove the line above.\n"
+"Everything below it will be ignored."
 msgstr ""
-"Ne touchez pas à la ligne ci-dessus\n"
-"Tout se qui suit sera éliminé."
+"Ne touchez pas à la ligne ci-dessus.\n"
+"Tout ce qui suit sera éliminé."
 
-#: wt-status.c:930
+#: wt-status.c:1084
 msgid "You have unmerged paths."
 msgstr "Vous avez des chemins non fusionnés."
 
-#: wt-status.c:933
+#: wt-status.c:1087
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
 msgstr "  (réglez les conflits puis lancez \"git commit\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:936
+#: wt-status.c:1089
+msgid "  (use \"git merge --abort\" to abort the merge)"
+msgstr "  (utilisez \"git merge --abort\" pour annuler la fusion)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1094
 msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
 msgstr "Tous les conflits sont réglés mais la fusion n'est pas terminée."
 
-#: wt-status.c:939
+#: wt-status.c:1097
 msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
 msgstr "  (utilisez \"git commit\" pour terminer la fusion)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:949
+#: wt-status.c:1107
 msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
 msgstr "Vous êtes au milieu d'une session am."
 
-#: wt-status.c:952
+#: wt-status.c:1110
 msgid "The current patch is empty."
 msgstr "Le patch actuel est vide."
 
-#: wt-status.c:956
+#: wt-status.c:1114
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (réglez les conflits puis lancez \"git am --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:958
+#: wt-status.c:1116
 msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  (utilisez \"git am --skip\" pour sauter ce patch)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:960
+#: wt-status.c:1118
 msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
 msgstr "  (utilisez \"git am --abort\" pour restaurer la branche d'origine)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1020 wt-status.c:1037
+#: wt-status.c:1250
+msgid "git-rebase-todo is missing."
+msgstr "git-rebase-todo est manquant."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1252
+msgid "No commands done."
+msgstr "Aucune commande réalisée."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1255
+#, c-format
+msgid "Last command done (%d command done):"
+msgid_plural "Last commands done (%d commands done):"
+msgstr[0] "Dernière commande effectuée (%d commande effectuée) :"
+msgstr[1] "Dernières commandes effectuées (%d commandes effectuées) :"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1266
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (see more in file %s)"
+msgstr "  (voir plus dans le fichier %s)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1271
+msgid "No commands remaining."
+msgstr "Aucune commande restante."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "Next command to do (%d remaining command):"
+msgid_plural "Next commands to do (%d remaining commands):"
+msgstr[0] "Prochaine commande à effectuer (%d commande restante) :"
+msgstr[1] "Prochaines commandes à effectuer (%d commandes restantes) :"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1282
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --edit-todo\" to view and edit)"
+msgstr "  (utilisez \"git rebase --edit-todo\" pour voir et éditer)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1295
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr "Vous êtes en train de rebaser la branche '%s' sur '%s'."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1025 wt-status.c:1042
+#: wt-status.c:1300
 msgid "You are currently rebasing."
 msgstr "Vous êtes en train de rebaser."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1028
+#: wt-status.c:1314
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (réglez les conflits puis lancez \"git rebase --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1030
+#: wt-status.c:1316
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  (utilisez \"git rebase --skip\" pour sauter ce patch)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1032
+#: wt-status.c:1318
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
 msgstr "  (utilisez \"git rebase --abort\" pour extraire la branche d'origine)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1045
+#: wt-status.c:1324
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (tous les conflits sont réglés : lancez \"git rebase --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1049
+#: wt-status.c:1328
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
@@ -1867,120 +5276,128 @@ msgstr ""
 "Vous êtes actuellement en train de fractionner un commit pendant un rebasage "
 "de la branche '%s' sur '%s'."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1054
+#: wt-status.c:1333
 msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr ""
 "Vous êtes actuellement en train de fractionner un commit pendant un rebasage."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1057
+#: wt-status.c:1336
 msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (Une fois la copie de travail nettoyée, lancez \"git rebase --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1061
+#: wt-status.c:1340
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 "Vous êtes actuellement en train d'éditer un commit pendant un rebasage de la "
 "branche '%s' sur '%s'."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1066
+#: wt-status.c:1345
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr ""
 "Vous êtes actuellement en train d'éditer un commit pendant un rebasage."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1069
+#: wt-status.c:1348
 msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
 msgstr "  (utilisez \"git commit --amend\" pour corriger le commit actuel)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1071
+#: wt-status.c:1350
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
 msgstr ""
-"  (utilisez \"git rebase --continue\" quand vous êtes satisfait de vos "
+"  (utilisez \"git rebase --continue\" quand vous avez effectué toutes vos "
 "modifications)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1081
+#: wt-status.c:1360
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently cherry-picking commit %s."
 msgstr "Vous êtes actuellement en train de picorer le commit %s."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1086
+#: wt-status.c:1365
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (réglez les conflits puis lancez \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1089
+#: wt-status.c:1368
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (tous les conflits sont réglés : lancez \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1091
+#: wt-status.c:1370
 msgid "  (use \"git cherry-pick --abort\" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)"
 msgstr "  (utilisez \"git cherry-pick --abort\" pour annuler le picorage)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1100
+#: wt-status.c:1379
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently reverting commit %s."
 msgstr "Vous êtes actuellement en train de rétablir le commit %s."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1105
+#: wt-status.c:1384
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (réglez les conflits puis lancez \"git revert --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1108
+#: wt-status.c:1387
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (tous les conflits sont réglés : lancez \"git revert --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1110
+#: wt-status.c:1389
 msgid "  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"
 msgstr "  (utilisez \"git revert --abort\" pour annuler le rétablissement)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1121
+#: wt-status.c:1400
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."
 msgstr "Vous êtes en cours de bissection, depuis la branche '%s'."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1125
+#: wt-status.c:1404
 msgid "You are currently bisecting."
 msgstr "Vous êtes en cours de bissection."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1128
+#: wt-status.c:1407
 msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
 msgstr "  (utilisez \"git bisect reset\" pour revenir à la branche d'origine)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1303
+#: wt-status.c:1604
 msgid "On branch "
 msgstr "Sur la branche "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1310
+#: wt-status.c:1610
+msgid "interactive rebase in progress; onto "
+msgstr "rebasage interactif en cours ; sur "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1612
 msgid "rebase in progress; onto "
 msgstr "rebasage en cours ; sur "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1317
+#: wt-status.c:1617
 msgid "HEAD detached at "
 msgstr "HEAD détachée sur "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1319
+#: wt-status.c:1619
 msgid "HEAD detached from "
 msgstr "HEAD détachée depuis "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1322
+#: wt-status.c:1622
 msgid "Not currently on any branch."
 msgstr "Actuellement sur aucun branche."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1339
+#: wt-status.c:1642
 msgid "Initial commit"
 msgstr "Validation initiale"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1353
+#: wt-status.c:1643
+msgid "No commits yet"
+msgstr "Aucun commit"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1657
 msgid "Untracked files"
 msgstr "Fichiers non suivis"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1355
+#: wt-status.c:1659
 msgid "Ignored files"
 msgstr "Fichiers ignorés"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1359
+#: wt-status.c:1663
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
@@ -1992,32 +5409,32 @@ msgstr ""
 "oublier d'ajouter les nouveaux fichiers par vous-même (voir 'git help "
 "status')."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1365
+#: wt-status.c:1669
 #, c-format
 msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
 msgstr "Fichiers non suivis non affichés%s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1367
+#: wt-status.c:1671
 msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
 msgstr " (utilisez -u pour afficher les fichiers non suivis)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1373
+#: wt-status.c:1677
 msgid "No changes"
 msgstr "Aucune modification"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1378
+#: wt-status.c:1682
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
 msgstr ""
 "aucune modification n'a été ajoutée à la validation (utilisez \"git add\" ou "
 "\"git commit -a\")\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1381
+#: wt-status.c:1685
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
 msgstr "aucune modification ajoutée à la validation\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1384
+#: wt-status.c:1688
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
@@ -2026,694 +5443,663 @@ msgstr ""
 "aucune modification ajoutée à la validation mais des fichiers non suivis "
 "sont présents (utilisez \"git add\" pour les suivre)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1387
+#: wt-status.c:1691
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
 msgstr ""
 "aucune modification ajoutée à la validation mais des fichiers non suivis "
 "sont présents\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1390
+#: wt-status.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
 msgstr ""
 "rien à valider (créez/copiez des fichiers et utilisez \"git add\" pour les "
 "suivre)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1393 wt-status.c:1398
+#: wt-status.c:1697 wt-status.c:1702
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit\n"
 msgstr "rien à valider\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1396
+#: wt-status.c:1700
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
 msgstr "rien à valider (utilisez -u pour afficher les fichiers non suivis)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1400
+#: wt-status.c:1704
 #, c-format
-msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
+msgid "nothing to commit, working tree clean\n"
 msgstr "rien à valider, la copie de travail est propre\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1509
+#: wt-status.c:1817
+msgid "No commits yet on "
+msgstr "Encore aucun commit sur "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1821
 msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
 msgstr "HEAD (aucune branche)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1515
-msgid "Initial commit on "
-msgstr "Validation initiale sur "
-
-# à priori on parle d'une branche ici
-#: wt-status.c:1547
-msgid "gone"
-msgstr "disparue"
+#: wt-status.c:1852
+msgid "different"
+msgstr "différent"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1549 wt-status.c:1557
+#: wt-status.c:1854 wt-status.c:1862
 msgid "behind "
 msgstr "derrière "
 
-#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:55 builtin/clone.c:360
+#: wt-status.c:1857 wt-status.c:1860
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr "devant "
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the action is e.g. "pull with rebase"
+#: wt-status.c:2366
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "Impossible de %s : vous avez des modifications non indexées."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2372
+msgid "additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "de plus, votre index contient des modifications non validées."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2374
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "%s impossible : votre index contient des modifications non validées."
+
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:442
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
 msgstr "échec lors de l'unlink de '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:22
-msgid "git add [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git add [options] [--] <chemin>..."
+#: builtin/add.c:24
+msgid "git add [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git add [<options>] [--] <chemin>..."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:65
+#: builtin/add.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
-msgstr "status de diff inattendu %c"
+msgstr "état de diff inattendu %c"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:70 builtin/commit.c:275
+#: builtin/add.c:88 builtin/commit.c:266
 msgid "updating files failed"
 msgstr "échec de la mise à jour des fichiers"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:80
+#: builtin/add.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "remove '%s'\n"
 msgstr "suppression de '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:134
+#: builtin/add.c:173
 msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
 msgstr "Modifications non indexées après rafraîchissement de l'index :"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:194 builtin/rev-parse.c:785
+#: builtin/add.c:233 builtin/rev-parse.c:892
 msgid "Could not read the index"
 msgstr "Impossible de lire l'index"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:205
+#: builtin/add.c:244
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
 msgstr "Impossible d'ouvrir '%s' en écriture."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:209
+#: builtin/add.c:248
 msgid "Could not write patch"
 msgstr "Impossible d'écrire le patch"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:214
+#: builtin/add.c:251
+msgid "editing patch failed"
+msgstr "échec de l'édition du patch"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:254
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
 msgstr "Stat de '%s' impossible"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:216
+#: builtin/add.c:256
 msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
 msgstr "Patch vide. Abandon."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:221
+#: builtin/add.c:261
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
 msgstr "Impossible d'appliquer '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:231
+#: builtin/add.c:269
 msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Les chemins suivants sont ignorés par un de vos fichiers .gitignore :\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:248 builtin/clean.c:875 builtin/fetch.c:108 builtin/mv.c:110
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/push.c:499 builtin/remote.c:1372
-#: builtin/rm.c:269
+#: builtin/add.c:289 builtin/clean.c:911 builtin/fetch.c:145 builtin/mv.c:123
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/pull.c:212 builtin/push.c:557
+#: builtin/remote.c:1342 builtin/rm.c:240 builtin/send-pack.c:165
 msgid "dry run"
 msgstr "simuler l'action"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:249 builtin/apply.c:4415 builtin/check-ignore.c:19
-#: builtin/commit.c:1326 builtin/count-objects.c:63 builtin/fsck.c:608
-#: builtin/log.c:1617 builtin/mv.c:109 builtin/read-tree.c:114
-msgid "be verbose"
-msgstr "mode verbeux"
-
-#: builtin/add.c:251
+#: builtin/add.c:292
 msgid "interactive picking"
 msgstr "sélection interactive"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:252 builtin/checkout.c:1126 builtin/reset.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:293 builtin/checkout.c:1135 builtin/reset.c:302
 msgid "select hunks interactively"
 msgstr "sélection interactive des sections"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:253
+#: builtin/add.c:294
 msgid "edit current diff and apply"
 msgstr "édition du diff actuel et application"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:254
+#: builtin/add.c:295
 msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
 msgstr "permettre l'ajout de fichiers ignorés"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:255
+#: builtin/add.c:296
 msgid "update tracked files"
 msgstr "mettre à jour les fichiers suivis"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:256
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "renormalize EOL of tracked files (implies -u)"
+msgstr ""
+"renormaliser les fins de lignes (EOL) des fichiers suivis (implique -u)"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:298
 msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
 msgstr "enregistrer seulement le fait que le chemin sera ajouté plus tard"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:257
+#: builtin/add.c:299
 msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr "ajouter les modifications de tous les fichiers suivis et non suivis"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:260
+#: builtin/add.c:302
 msgid "ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"
 msgstr ""
 "ignorer les chemins effacés dans la copie de travail (identique à --no-all)"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:262
+#: builtin/add.c:304
 msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
 msgstr "ne pas ajouter, juste rafraîchir l'index"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:263
+#: builtin/add.c:305
 msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
 msgstr ""
 "sauter seulement les fichiers qui ne peuvent pas être ajoutés du fait "
 "d'erreurs"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:264
+#: builtin/add.c:306
 msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
 msgstr "vérifier si des fichiers - même manquants - sont ignorés, à vide"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:307 builtin/update-index.c:974
+msgid "(+/-)x"
+msgstr "(+/-)x"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:307 builtin/update-index.c:975
+msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
+msgstr "outrepasser le bit exécutable pour les fichiers listés"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:309
+msgid "warn when adding an embedded repository"
+msgstr "avertir lors de l'ajout d'un dépôt embarqué"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You've added another git repository inside your current repository.\n"
+"Clones of the outer repository will not contain the contents of\n"
+"the embedded repository and will not know how to obtain it.\n"
+"If you meant to add a submodule, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If you added this path by mistake, you can remove it from the\n"
+"index with:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"See \"git help submodule\" for more information."
+msgstr ""
+"Vous avez ajouté un autre dépôt git dans votre dépôt actuel.\n"
+"Les clones du dépôt conteneur ne contiendrons pas le contenu\n"
+"du dépôt embarqué et ne sauront pas comment l'obtenir.\n"
+"Si vous vouliez ajouter un sous-module, utilisez :\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Si vous avez ajouté ce chemin par erreur, vous pouvez le\n"
+"supprimer de l'index avec :\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Référez-vous à \"git help submodule\" pour plus d'information."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:352
+#, c-format
+msgid "adding embedded git repository: %s"
+msgstr "dépôt git embarqué ajouté : %s"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:370
 #, c-format
 msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
 msgstr "Utilisez -f si vous voulez réellement les ajouter.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:293
+#: builtin/add.c:378
 msgid "adding files failed"
 msgstr "échec de l'ajout de fichiers"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:329
+#: builtin/add.c:416
 msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
 msgstr "-A et -u sont mutuellement incompatibles"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:336
+#: builtin/add.c:423
 msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
 msgstr ""
 "L'option --ignore-missing ne peut être utilisée qu'en complément de --dry-run"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:357
+#: builtin/add.c:427
+#, c-format
+msgid "--chmod param '%s' must be either -x or +x"
+msgstr "Le paramètre '%s' de --chmod doit être soit -x soit +x"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:442
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
 msgstr "Rien de spécifié, rien n'a été ajouté.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:358
+#: builtin/add.c:443
 #, c-format
 msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
 msgstr "Vous vouliez sûrement dire 'git add .' ?\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:363 builtin/check-ignore.c:172 builtin/clean.c:919
-#: builtin/commit.c:333 builtin/mv.c:130 builtin/reset.c:235 builtin/rm.c:299
+#: builtin/add.c:448 builtin/check-ignore.c:177 builtin/checkout.c:280
+#: builtin/checkout.c:483 builtin/clean.c:958 builtin/commit.c:325
+#: builtin/diff-tree.c:114 builtin/mv.c:144 builtin/reset.c:241
+#: builtin/rm.c:270 builtin/submodule--helper.c:328
 msgid "index file corrupt"
 msgstr "fichier d'index corrompu"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:446 builtin/apply.c:4510 builtin/mv.c:279 builtin/rm.c:431
-msgid "Unable to write new index file"
-msgstr "Impossible d'écrire le nouveau fichier d'index"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:58
-msgid "git apply [options] [<patch>...]"
-msgstr "git apply [options] [<patch>...]"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:111
-#, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
-msgstr "option d'espace non reconnue '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:126
-#, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
-msgstr "option d'ignorance d'espace non reconnue '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:826
-#, c-format
-msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
-msgstr "Impossible de préparer la regexp d'horodatage %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:835
-#, c-format
-msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
-msgstr "regexec a retourné %d pour l'entrée : %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:916
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
-msgstr "nom de fichier du patch introuvable à la ligne %d"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:948
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
-msgstr ""
-"git apply : mauvais format de git-diff - /dev/null attendu, %s trouvé à la "
-"ligne %d"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:952
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
-msgstr ""
-"git apply : mauvais format de git-diff - nouveau nom de fichier inconsistant "
-"à la ligne %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:414
+msgid "could not parse author script"
+msgstr "impossible d'analyser le script author"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:953
+#: builtin/am.c:498
 #, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
-msgstr ""
-"git apply : mauvais format de git-diff - ancien nom de fichier inconsistant "
-"à la ligne %d"
+msgid "'%s' was deleted by the applypatch-msg hook"
+msgstr "'%s' a été effacé par le crochet applypatch-msg"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:960
+#: builtin/am.c:539
 #, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
-msgstr ""
-"git apply : mauvais format de git-diff - /dev/null attendu à la ligne %d"
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "Ligne en entrée malformée : '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1423
+#: builtin/am.c:576
 #, c-format
-msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
-msgstr "recomptage : ligne inattendue : %.*s"
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Impossible de copier les notes de '%s' vers '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1480
-#, c-format
-msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
-msgstr "fragment de patch sans en-tête à la ligne %d : %.*s"
+#: builtin/am.c:602
+msgid "fseek failed"
+msgstr "échec de fseek"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1497
+#: builtin/am.c:790
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
-"component (line %d)"
-msgid_plural ""
-"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
-"components (line %d)"
-msgstr[0] ""
-"information de nom de fichier manquante dans l'en-tête de git diff lors de "
-"la suppression de %d composant de préfixe de chemin (ligne %d)"
-msgstr[1] ""
-"information de nom de fichier manquante dans l'en-tête de git diff lors de "
-"la suppression de %d composants de préfixe de chemin (ligne %d)"
+msgid "could not parse patch '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible d'analyser le patch '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1657
-msgid "new file depends on old contents"
-msgstr "le nouveau fichier dépend de contenus anciens"
+#: builtin/am.c:855
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr "Seulement une série de patchs StGIT peut être appliquée à la fois"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1659
-msgid "deleted file still has contents"
-msgstr "le fichier supprimé a encore du contenu"
+#: builtin/am.c:903
+msgid "invalid timestamp"
+msgstr "horodatage invalide"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1685
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
-msgstr "patch corrompu à la ligne %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:908 builtin/am.c:920
+msgid "invalid Date line"
+msgstr "ligne de Date invalide"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1721
-#, c-format
-msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
-msgstr "le nouveau fichier %s dépend de contenus anciens"
+#: builtin/am.c:915
+msgid "invalid timezone offset"
+msgstr "décalage horaire invalide"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1723
-#, c-format
-msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
-msgstr "le fichier supprimé %s a encore du contenu"
+#: builtin/am.c:1008
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr "Échec de détection du format du patch."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1726
+#: builtin/am.c:1013 builtin/clone.c:407
 #, c-format
-msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
-msgstr "** attention : le fichier %s devient vide mais n'est pas supprimé"
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "échec de la création du répertoire '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1872
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
-msgstr "patch binaire corrompu à la ligne %d : %.*s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1018
+msgid "Failed to split patches."
+msgstr "Échec de découpage des patchs."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1901
-#, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
-msgstr "patch binaire non reconnu à la ligne %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:1148 builtin/commit.c:351
+msgid "unable to write index file"
+msgstr "impossible d'écrire le fichier d'index"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2052
+#: builtin/am.c:1162
 #, c-format
-msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
-msgstr "patch totalement incompréhensible à la ligne %d"
+msgid "When you have resolved this problem, run \"%s --continue\"."
+msgstr "Quand vous avez résolu ce problème, lancez \"%s --continue\"."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2142
+#: builtin/am.c:1163
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
-msgstr "lecture du lien symbolique %s impossible"
+msgid "If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"%s --skip\" instead."
+msgstr "Si vous préférez plutôt sauter ce patch, lancez \"%s --skip\"."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2146
+#: builtin/am.c:1164
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to open or read %s"
-msgstr "ouverture ou lecture de %s impossible"
+msgid "To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"%s --abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Pour restaurer la branche originale et arrêter de patcher, lancez \"%s --"
+"abort\"."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2754
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
-msgstr "début de ligne invalide : '%c'"
+#: builtin/am.c:1271
+msgid "Patch is empty."
+msgstr "Le patch actuel est vide."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2872
+#: builtin/am.c:1337
 #, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
-msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
-msgstr[0] "La section n°%d a réussi à la ligne %d (offset %d ligne)."
-msgstr[1] "La section n°%d a réussi à la ligne %d (offset %d lignes)."
+msgid "invalid ident line: %.*s"
+msgstr "ligne d'identification invalide : %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2884
+#: builtin/am.c:1359
 #, c-format
-msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
-msgstr "Contexte réduit à (%ld/%ld) pour appliquer le fragment à la ligne %d"
+msgid "unable to parse commit %s"
+msgstr "impossible d'analyser le commit %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2890
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"while searching for:\n"
-"%.*s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1554
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
 msgstr ""
-"pendant la recherche de :\n"
-"%.*s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:2909
-#, c-format
-msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
-msgstr "données de patch binaire manquantes pour '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3010
-#, c-format
-msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
-msgstr "le patch binaire ne s'applique par correctement à '%s'"
+"Le dépôt n'a pas les blobs nécessaires pour un retour à une fusion à 3 "
+"points."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3016
-#, c-format
-msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+#: builtin/am.c:1556
+msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
 msgstr ""
-"le patch binaire sur '%s' crée un résultat incorrect (%s attendu, mais %s "
-"trouvé)"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3037
-#, c-format
-msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
-msgstr "le patch a échoué : %s:%ld"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3161
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot checkout %s"
-msgstr "extraction de %s impossible"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3206 builtin/apply.c:3215 builtin/apply.c:3260
-#, c-format
-msgid "read of %s failed"
-msgstr "échec de la lecture de %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3240 builtin/apply.c:3462
-#, c-format
-msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
-msgstr "le chemin %s a été renommé/supprimé"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3321 builtin/apply.c:3476
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
-msgstr "%s : n'existe pas dans l'index"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3325 builtin/apply.c:3468 builtin/apply.c:3490
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: %s"
-msgstr "%s : %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3330 builtin/apply.c:3484
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not match index"
-msgstr "%s : ne correspond pas à l'index"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3432
-msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
-msgstr "le patch de suppression laisse un contenu dans le fichier"
+"Utilisation de l'information de l'index pour reconstruire un arbre de base..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3501
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: wrong type"
-msgstr "%s : type erroné"
+#: builtin/am.c:1575
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+msgstr ""
+"Avez-vous édité le patch à la main ?\n"
+"Il ne s'applique pas aux blobs enregistrés dans son index."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3503
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
-msgstr "%s est de type %o, mais %o attendu"
+#: builtin/am.c:1581
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr "Retour à un patch de la base et fusion à 3 points..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3604
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in index"
-msgstr "%s : existe déjà dans l'index"
+#: builtin/am.c:1606
+msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
+msgstr "Échec d'intégration des modifications."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3607
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
-msgstr "%s : existe déjà dans la copie de travail"
+#: builtin/am.c:1637
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr "application à un historique vide"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3627
+#: builtin/am.c:1683 builtin/am.c:1687
 #, c-format
-msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
-msgstr "le nouveau mode (%o) de %s ne correspond pas à l'ancien mode (%o)"
+msgid "cannot resume: %s does not exist."
+msgstr "impossible de continuer : %s n'existe pas."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3632
-#, c-format
-msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1703
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
 msgstr ""
-"le nouveau mode (%o) de %s ne correspond pas à l'ancien mode (%o) de %s"
+"impossible d'être interactif sans entrée standard connectée à un terminal."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3640
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
-msgstr "%s : le patch ne s'applique pas"
+#: builtin/am.c:1708
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
+msgstr "Le corps de la validation est :"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3653
-#, c-format
-msgid "Checking patch %s..."
-msgstr "Vérification du patch %s..."
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#.
+#: builtin/am.c:1718
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all: "
+msgstr "Appliquer ? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all : "
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3746 builtin/checkout.c:231 builtin/reset.c:135
+#: builtin/am.c:1768
 #, c-format
-msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
-msgstr "échec de make_cache_entry pour le chemin '%s'"
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "Index sale : impossible d'appliquer des patchs (sales : %s)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3889
+#: builtin/am.c:1808 builtin/am.c:1879
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
-msgstr "suppression de %s dans l'index impossible"
+msgid "Applying: %.*s"
+msgstr "Application de  %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3918
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
-msgstr "patch corrompu pour le sous-module %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1824
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr "Pas de changement -- Patch déjà appliqué."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3922
+#: builtin/am.c:1832
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
-msgstr "stat du fichier nouvellement créé '%s' impossible"
+msgid "Patch failed at %s %.*s"
+msgstr "le patch a échoué à %s %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3927
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1838
+msgid "Use 'git am --show-current-patch' to see the failed patch"
 msgstr ""
-"création du magasin de stockage pour le fichier nouvellement créé %s "
-"impossible"
+"Utilisez 'git am --show-current-patch' pour visualiser le patch en échec"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3930 builtin/apply.c:4038
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
-msgstr "ajout de l'élément de cache %s impossible"
+#: builtin/am.c:1882
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
+msgstr ""
+"Aucun changement - avez-vous oublié d'utiliser 'git add' ?\n"
+"S'il n'y a plus rien à indexer, il se peut qu'autre chose ait déjà\n"
+"introduit les mêmes changements ; vous pourriez avoir envie de sauter ce "
+"patch."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3963
-#, c-format
-msgid "closing file '%s'"
-msgstr "fermeture du fichier '%s'"
+#: builtin/am.c:1889
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index.\n"
+"You should 'git add' each file with resolved conflicts to mark them as "
+"such.\n"
+"You might run `git rm` on a file to accept \"deleted by them\" for it."
+msgstr ""
+"Vous avez encore des chemin non-fusionnés dans votre index.\n"
+"Vous devriez lancer 'git add' sur chaque conflit résolu pour les marquer "
+"comme tel.\n"
+"Vous pouvez lancer 'git rm' sur un fichier \"supprimé par eux\" pour "
+"accepter son état."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4012
+#: builtin/am.c:1996 builtin/am.c:2000 builtin/am.c:2012 builtin/reset.c:324
+#: builtin/reset.c:332
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
-msgstr "écriture du fichier '%s' mode %o impossible"
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr "Impossible d'analyser l'objet '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4099
-#, c-format
-msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
-msgstr "Patch %s appliqué proprement."
+#: builtin/am.c:2048
+msgid "failed to clean index"
+msgstr "échec du nettoyage de l'index"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4107
-msgid "internal error"
-msgstr "erreur interne"
+#: builtin/am.c:2083
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"Vous semblez avoir déplacé la HEAD depuis le dernier échec de 'am'.\n"
+"Pas de retour à ORIG_HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4110
+#: builtin/am.c:2174
 #, c-format
-msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
-msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
-msgstr[0] "Application du patch %%s avec %d rejet..."
-msgstr[1] "Application du patch %%s avec %d rejets..."
+msgid "Invalid value for --patch-format: %s"
+msgstr "Valeur invalide pour --patch-format : %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4120
-#, c-format
-msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
-msgstr "troncature du nom de fichier .rej en %.*s.rej"
+#: builtin/am.c:2210
+msgid "git am [<options>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"
+msgstr "git am [<options>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4141
-#, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
-msgstr "Section n°%d appliquée proprement."
+#: builtin/am.c:2211
+msgid "git am [<options>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
+msgstr "git am [<options>] (--continue | --quit | --abort)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4144
-#, c-format
-msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
-msgstr "Section n°%d rejetée."
+#: builtin/am.c:2217
+msgid "run interactively"
+msgstr "exécution interactive"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4234
-msgid "unrecognized input"
-msgstr "entrée non reconnue"
+#: builtin/am.c:2219
+msgid "historical option -- no-op"
+msgstr "option historique -- no-op"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4245
-msgid "unable to read index file"
-msgstr "lecture du fichier d'index impossible"
+#: builtin/am.c:2221
+msgid "allow fall back on 3way merging if needed"
+msgstr "permettre de revenir à une fusion à 3 points si nécessaire"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4362 builtin/apply.c:4365 builtin/clone.c:92
-#: builtin/fetch.c:93
-msgid "path"
-msgstr "chemin"
+#: builtin/am.c:2222 builtin/init-db.c:484 builtin/prune-packed.c:57
+#: builtin/repack.c:192
+msgid "be quiet"
+msgstr "être silencieux"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4363
-msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
-msgstr "ne pas appliquer les modifications qui correspondent au chemin donné"
+#: builtin/am.c:2224
+msgid "add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message"
+msgstr "ajouter une ligne Signed-off-by au message de validation"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4366
-msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
-msgstr "appliquer les modifications qui correspondent au chemin donné"
+#: builtin/am.c:2227
+msgid "recode into utf8 (default)"
+msgstr "recoder en utf-8 (par défaut)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4368
-msgid "num"
-msgstr "num"
+#: builtin/am.c:2229
+msgid "pass -k flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "passer l'option -k à git-mailinfo"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4369
-msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
-msgstr "supprimer <num> barres obliques des chemins traditionnels de diff"
+#: builtin/am.c:2231
+msgid "pass -b flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "passer l'option -b à git-mailinfo"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4372
-msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
-msgstr "ignorer les additions réalisées par le patch"
+#: builtin/am.c:2233
+msgid "pass -m flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "passer l'option -m à git-mailinfo"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4374
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
-msgstr "au lieu d'appliquer le patch, afficher le diffstat de l'entrée"
+#: builtin/am.c:2235
+msgid "pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit for mbox format"
+msgstr "passer l'option --keep-cr à git-mailsplit fpour le format mbox"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4378
-msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+#: builtin/am.c:2238
+msgid "do not pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit independent of am.keepcr"
 msgstr ""
-"afficher le nombre de lignes ajoutées et supprimées en notation décimale"
+"ne pas passer l'option --keep-cr à git-mailsplit indépendamment de am.keepcr"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4380
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
-msgstr "au lieu d'appliquer le patch, afficher un résumer de l'entrée"
+#: builtin/am.c:2241
+msgid "strip everything before a scissors line"
+msgstr "retirer tout le contenu avant la ligne des ciseaux"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4382
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
-msgstr "au lieu d'appliquer le patch, voir si le patch est applicable"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4384
-msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
-msgstr "s'assurer que le patch est applicable sur l'index actuel"
+#: builtin/am.c:2243 builtin/am.c:2246 builtin/am.c:2249 builtin/am.c:2252
+#: builtin/am.c:2255 builtin/am.c:2258 builtin/am.c:2261 builtin/am.c:2264
+#: builtin/am.c:2270
+msgid "pass it through git-apply"
+msgstr "le passer jusqu'à git-apply"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4386
-msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
-msgstr "appliquer les patch sans toucher à la copie de travail"
+#: builtin/am.c:2260 builtin/commit.c:1332 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:668 builtin/grep.c:853 builtin/merge.c:208
+#: builtin/pull.c:150 builtin/pull.c:208 builtin/repack.c:201
+#: builtin/repack.c:205 builtin/repack.c:207 builtin/show-branch.c:631
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:169 builtin/tag.c:383 parse-options.h:144
+#: parse-options.h:146 parse-options.h:258
+msgid "n"
+msgstr "n"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4388
-msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
-msgstr "appliquer aussi le patch (à utiliser avec ---stat/--summary/--check)"
+#: builtin/am.c:2266 builtin/branch.c:632 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38
+#: builtin/replace.c:543 builtin/tag.c:419 builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format"
+msgstr "format"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4390
-msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
-msgstr "tenter une fusion à 3 points si le patch ne s'applique pas proprement"
+#: builtin/am.c:2267
+msgid "format the patch(es) are in"
+msgstr "format de présentation des patchs"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4392
-msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
-msgstr ""
-"construire un index temporaire fondé sur l'information de l'index embarqué"
+#: builtin/am.c:2273
+msgid "override error message when patch failure occurs"
+msgstr "surcharger le message d'erreur lors d'un échec d'application de patch"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4394 builtin/checkout-index.c:198 builtin/ls-files.c:455
-msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
-msgstr "les chemins sont séparés par un caractère NUL"
+#: builtin/am.c:2275
+msgid "continue applying patches after resolving a conflict"
+msgstr "continuer à appliquer les patchs après résolution d'un conflit"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4397
-msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
-msgstr "s'assurer d'au moins <n> lignes de correspondance de contexte"
+#: builtin/am.c:2278
+msgid "synonyms for --continue"
+msgstr "synonymes de --continue"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4398
-msgid "action"
-msgstr "action"
+#: builtin/am.c:2281
+msgid "skip the current patch"
+msgstr "sauter le patch courant"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4399
-msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+#: builtin/am.c:2284
+msgid "restore the original branch and abort the patching operation."
 msgstr ""
-"détecter des lignes nouvelles ou modifiées qui contiennent des erreurs "
-"d'espace"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4402 builtin/apply.c:4405
-msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
-msgstr "ignorer des modifications d'espace lors de la recherche de contexte"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4408
-msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
-msgstr "appliquer le patch en sens inverse"
+"restaurer la branche originale et abandonner les applications de patch."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4410
-msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
-msgstr "ne pas s'attendre à au moins une ligne de contexte"
+#: builtin/am.c:2287
+msgid "abort the patching operation but keep HEAD where it is."
+msgstr "abandonne l'opération de patch mais garde HEAD où il est."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4412
-msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
-msgstr "laisser les sections rejetées dans les fichiers *.rej correspondants"
+#: builtin/am.c:2290
+msgid "show the patch being applied."
+msgstr "afficher le patch en cours d'application."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4414
-msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
-msgstr "accepter les recouvrements de sections"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4417
-msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
-msgstr ""
-"tolérer des erreurs de détection de retours chariot manquants en fin de "
-"fichier"
+#: builtin/am.c:2294
+msgid "lie about committer date"
+msgstr "mentir sur la date de validation"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4420
-msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
-msgstr "ne pas se fier au compte de lignes dans les en-têtes de section"
+#: builtin/am.c:2296
+msgid "use current timestamp for author date"
+msgstr "utiliser l'horodatage actuel pour la date d'auteur"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4422
-msgid "root"
-msgstr "racine"
+#: builtin/am.c:2298 builtin/commit.c:1468 builtin/merge.c:239
+#: builtin/pull.c:183 builtin/revert.c:112 builtin/tag.c:399
+msgid "key-id"
+msgstr "id-clé"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4423
-msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
-msgstr "préfixer tous les noms de fichier avec <root>"
+#: builtin/am.c:2299
+msgid "GPG-sign commits"
+msgstr "signer les commits avec GPG"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4445
-msgid "--3way outside a repository"
-msgstr "--3way hors d'un dépôt"
+#: builtin/am.c:2302
+msgid "(internal use for git-rebase)"
+msgstr "(utilisation interne pour git-rebase)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4453
-msgid "--index outside a repository"
-msgstr "--index hors d'un dépôt"
+#: builtin/am.c:2320
+msgid ""
+"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
+msgstr ""
+"L'option -b/--binary ne fait plus rien depuis longtemps,\n"
+"et elle sera supprimée. Veuillez ne plus l'utiliser."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4456
-msgid "--cached outside a repository"
-msgstr "--cached hors d'un dépôt"
+#: builtin/am.c:2327
+msgid "failed to read the index"
+msgstr "échec à la lecture de l'index"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4472
+#: builtin/am.c:2342
 #, c-format
-msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
-msgstr "ouverture impossible du patch '%s'"
+msgid "previous rebase directory %s still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr ""
+"le répertoire précédent de rebasage %s existe toujours mais mbox donnée."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4486
+#: builtin/am.c:2366
 #, c-format
-msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
-msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
-msgstr[0] "%d erreur d'espace ignorée"
-msgstr[1] "%d erreurs d'espace ignorées"
+msgid ""
+"Stray %s directory found.\n"
+"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
+msgstr ""
+"Répertoire abandonné %s trouvé.\n"
+"Utilisez \"git am --abort\" pour le supprimer."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4492 builtin/apply.c:4502
-#, c-format
-msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
-msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
-msgstr[0] "%d ligne a ajouté des erreurs d'espace."
-msgstr[1] "%d lignes ont ajouté des erreurs d'espace."
+#: builtin/am.c:2372
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr ""
+"Pas de résolution de l'opération en cours, nous ne sommes pas dans une "
+"reprise."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:8
+msgid "git apply [<options>] [<patch>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [<options>] [<patch>...]"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:17
 #, c-format
@@ -2729,19 +6115,14 @@ msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
 msgstr "git archive : Dépôt distant sans URL"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:58
-msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
-msgstr "git archive : ACK/NACK attendu, EOF reçu"
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr "git archive : ACK/NACK attendu, paquet de nettoyage reçu"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
 msgstr "git archive : NACK %s"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:63
-#, c-format
-msgid "remote error: %s"
-msgstr "erreur distante : %s"
-
 #: builtin/archive.c:64
 msgid "git archive: protocol error"
 msgstr "git archive : erreur de protocole"
@@ -2750,151 +6131,270 @@ msgstr "git archive : erreur de protocole"
 msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
 msgstr "git archive : vidage attendu"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:7
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:12
 msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
 msgstr "git bisect --helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:17
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:13
+msgid "git bisect--helper --write-terms <bad_term> <good_term>"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --write-terms <terme-pour-mauvais> <terme-pour-bon>"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:14
+msgid "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid term"
+msgstr "'%s' n'est pas un terme valide"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't use the builtin command '%s' as a term"
+msgstr "impossible d'utiliser la commande incluse '%s' comme terme"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't change the meaning of the term '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de modifier la signification du terme '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:71
+msgid "please use two different terms"
+msgstr "veuillez utiliser deux termes différents"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:78
+msgid "could not open the file BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir le fichier BISECT_TERMS"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:120
 msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
 msgstr "effectuer 'git bisect next'"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:19
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:122
+msgid "write the terms to .git/BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "écrire les termes dans .git/BISECT_TERMS"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:124
+msgid "cleanup the bisection state"
+msgstr "vérifier l'état de la bissection"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:126
+msgid "check for expected revs"
+msgstr "vérifier si des révisions sont attendues"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:128
 msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
 msgstr "mettre à jour BISECT_HEAD au lieu d'extraire le commit actuel"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:30
-msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
-msgstr "git blame [options] [options-de-révision] [rev] [--] fichier"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:143
+msgid "--write-terms requires two arguments"
+msgstr "--write-terms exige deux arguments"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:147
+msgid "--bisect-clean-state requires no arguments"
+msgstr "--bisect-clean-state ne supporte aucun argument"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:29
+msgid "git blame [<options>] [<rev-opts>] [<rev>] [--] <file>"
+msgstr "git blame [<options>] [<rev-opts>] [<rev>] [--] <fichier>"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:34
+msgid "<rev-opts> are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+msgstr "<options-de-révision> sont documentés dans git-rev-list(1)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:404
+#, c-format
+msgid "expecting a color: %s"
+msgstr "couleur attendue : %s"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:411
+msgid "must end with a color"
+msgstr "doit finir avec une couleur"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:697
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid color '%s' in color.blame.repeatedLines"
+msgstr "couleur invalide '%s' dans color.blame.repeatedlines"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:35
-msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
-msgstr "[options-de-révision] sont documentés dans git-rev-list(1)"
+#: builtin/blame.c:715
+msgid "invalid value for blame.coloring"
+msgstr "valeur invalide pour blame.coloring"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2501
+#: builtin/blame.c:786
 msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
 msgstr ""
 "Montrer les éléments de blâme au fur et à mesure de leur découverte, de "
 "manière incrémentale"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2502
+#: builtin/blame.c:787
 msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Montrer un SHA-1 blanc pour les commits de limite (Défaut : désactivé)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2503
+#: builtin/blame.c:788
 msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 "Ne pas traiter les commits racine comme des limites (Défaut : désactivé)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2504
+#: builtin/blame.c:789
 msgid "Show work cost statistics"
 msgstr "Montrer les statistiques de coût d'activité"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2505
+#: builtin/blame.c:790
+msgid "Force progress reporting"
+msgstr "Forcer l'affichage de l'état d'avancement"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:791
 msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
 msgstr "Montrer le score de sortie pour les éléments de blâme"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2506
+#: builtin/blame.c:792
 msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
 msgstr "Montrer les noms de fichier originaux (Défaut : auto)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2507
+#: builtin/blame.c:793
 msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Montrer les numéros de lignes originaux (Défaut : désactivé)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2508
+#: builtin/blame.c:794
 msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
 msgstr "Afficher dans un format propice à la consommation par machine"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2509
+#: builtin/blame.c:795
 msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
 msgstr "Afficher en format porcelaine avec l'information de commit par ligne"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2510
+#: builtin/blame.c:796
 msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Utiliser le même mode de sortie que git-annotate (Défaut : désactivé)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2511
+#: builtin/blame.c:797
 msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Afficher les horodatages bruts (Défaut : désactivé)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2512
+#: builtin/blame.c:798
 msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Afficher les longs SHA1 de commits (Défaut : désactivé)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2513
+#: builtin/blame.c:799
 msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Supprimer le nom de l'auteur et l'horodatage (Défaut : désactivé)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2514
+#: builtin/blame.c:800
 msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
-msgstr "Afficher l'e-mail de l'auteur au lieu du nom (Défaut : désactivé)"
+msgstr "Afficher le courriel de l'auteur au lieu du nom (Défaut : désactivé)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2515
+#: builtin/blame.c:801
 msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
 msgstr "Ignorer les différences d'espace"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2516
+#: builtin/blame.c:802
+msgid "color redundant metadata from previous line differently"
+msgstr ""
+"colorer différemment les métadonnées redondantes avec la ligne précédente"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:803
+msgid "color lines by age"
+msgstr "colorier les lignes par âge"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:810
+msgid "Use an experimental heuristic to improve diffs"
+msgstr "Utiliser une heuristique expérimentale pour améliorer les diffs"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:812
 msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
 msgstr ""
 "Dépenser des cycles supplémentaires pour trouver une meilleure correspondance"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2517
+#: builtin/blame.c:813
 msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
 msgstr ""
 "Utiliser les révisions du fichier <fichier> au lieu d'appeler git-rev-list"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2518
+#: builtin/blame.c:814
 msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
 msgstr "Utiliser le contenu de <fichier> comme image finale"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2519 builtin/blame.c:2520
+#: builtin/blame.c:815 builtin/blame.c:816
 msgid "score"
 msgstr "score"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2519
+#: builtin/blame.c:815
 msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
 msgstr "Trouver les copies de ligne dans et entre les fichiers"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2520
+#: builtin/blame.c:816
 msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
 msgstr "Trouver les mouvements de ligne dans et entre les fichiers"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2521
+#: builtin/blame.c:817
 msgid "n,m"
 msgstr "n,m"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2521
+#: builtin/blame.c:817
 msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
 msgstr ""
 "Traiter seulement l'intervalle de ligne n,m en commençant le compte à 1"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the maximum
-#. display width for a relative timestamp in "git blame"
-#. output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11 months ago", which
-#. takes 22 places, is the longest among various forms of
-#. relative timestamps, but your language may need more or
-#. fewer display columns.
-#: builtin/blame.c:2602
+#: builtin/blame.c:866
+msgid "--progress can't be used with --incremental or porcelain formats"
+msgstr ""
+"--progress ne peut pas être utilisé avec --incremental ou les formats "
+"porcelaine"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the
+#. maximum display width for a relative timestamp in
+#. "git blame" output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11
+#. months ago", which takes 22 places, is the longest
+#. among various forms of relative timestamps, but
+#. your language may need more or fewer display
+#. columns.
+#.
+#: builtin/blame.c:917
 msgid "4 years, 11 months ago"
 msgstr "il y a 10 ans et 11 mois"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:24
-msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
-msgstr "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:25
-msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
-msgstr "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <nomdebranche> [<point-de-départ>]"
+#: builtin/blame.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s has only %lu line"
+msgid_plural "file %s has only %lu lines"
+msgstr[0] "le fichier %s n'a qu'%lu ligne"
+msgstr[1] "le fichier %s n'a que %lu lignes"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:26
-msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
-msgstr "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <nomdebranche>..."
+#: builtin/blame.c:1049
+msgid "Blaming lines"
+msgstr "Assignation de blâme aux lignes"
 
 #: builtin/branch.c:27
-msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
-msgstr "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<anciennebranche>] <nouvellebranche>"
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+msgstr "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:28
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-l] [-f] <branch-name> [<start-point>]"
+msgstr "git branch [<options] [-l] [-f] <nom-de-branche> [<point-de-départ>]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:29
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r] (-d | -D) <branch-name>..."
+msgstr "git branch [<options>] [-r] (-d | -D) <nom-de-branche>..."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:30
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-m | -M) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr ""
+"git branch [<options>] (-m | -M) [<ancienne-branche>] <nouvelle-branche>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:31
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-c | -C) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr ""
+"git branch [<options>] (-c | -C) [<ancienne-branche>] <nouvelle-branche>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:32
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+msgstr "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:33
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+msgstr "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:152
+#: builtin/branch.c:146
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
@@ -2903,7 +6403,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "suppression de la branche '%s' qui a été fusionnée dans\n"
 "         '%s', mais pas dans HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:156
+#: builtin/branch.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
@@ -2912,318 +6412,320 @@ msgstr ""
 "branche '%s' non supprimée car elle n'a pas été fusionnée dans\n"
 "         '%s', même si elle est fusionnée dans HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:170
+#: builtin/branch.c:164
 #, c-format
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
 msgstr "Impossible de rechercher l'objet commit pour '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:174
+#: builtin/branch.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
 "If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
 msgstr ""
 "La branche '%s' n'est pas totalement fusionnée.\n"
-"Si vous êtes sur que vous voulez la supprimer, lancez 'git branch -D %s'."
+"Si vous souhaitez réellement la supprimer, lancez 'git branch -D %s'."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:187
+#: builtin/branch.c:181
 msgid "Update of config-file failed"
 msgstr "Échec de la mise à jour du fichier de configuration"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:215
+#: builtin/branch.c:212
 msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
 msgstr "impossible d'utiliser -a avec -d"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:221
+#: builtin/branch.c:218
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
 msgstr "Impossible de rechercher l'objet commit pour HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:229
+#: builtin/branch.c:232
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
-msgstr "Impossible de supprimer la branche '%s' sur laquelle vous êtes."
+msgid "Cannot delete branch '%s' checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "Impossible de supprimer la branche '%s' extraite dans '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:245
+#: builtin/branch.c:247
 #, c-format
-msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
-msgstr "branche distante %s' non trouvée."
+msgid "remote-tracking branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "branche de suivi '%s' non trouvée."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:246
+#: builtin/branch.c:248
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr "branche '%s' non trouvée."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:260
+#: builtin/branch.c:263
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
-msgstr "Erreur lors de la suppression de la branche distante '%s'"
+msgid "Error deleting remote-tracking branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Erreur lors de la suppression de la branche de suivi '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:261
+#: builtin/branch.c:264
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
 msgstr "Erreur lors de la suppression de la branche '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:268
+#: builtin/branch.c:271
 #, c-format
-msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
-msgstr "Branche distante %s supprimée (précédemment %s).\n"
+msgid "Deleted remote-tracking branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Branche de suivi %s supprimée (précédemment %s).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:269
+#: builtin/branch.c:272
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
 msgstr "Branche %s supprimée (précédemment %s).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:370
-#, c-format
-msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
-msgstr "la branche '%s' ne pointe pas sur un commit"
-
-# féminin pour une branche
-#: builtin/branch.c:459
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: gone]"
-msgstr "[%s: disparue]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:464
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s]"
-msgstr "[%s]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:469
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
-msgstr "[%s: en retard de %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:471
-#, c-format
-msgid "[behind %d]"
-msgstr "[en retard de %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:475
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
-msgstr "[%s : en avance de %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:477
-#, c-format
-msgid "[ahead %d]"
-msgstr "[en avance de %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:480
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
-msgstr "[%s : en avance de %d, en retard de %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:483
-#, c-format
-msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
-msgstr "[en avance de %d, en retard de %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:496
-msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
-msgstr " **** référence invalide ****"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:587
-#, c-format
-msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
-msgstr "(aucune branche, rebasage de %s)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:590
-#, c-format
-msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
-msgstr "(aucune branche, bisect a démarré sur %s)"
+#: builtin/branch.c:416 builtin/tag.c:58
+msgid "unable to parse format string"
+msgstr "impossible d'analyser la chaîne de format"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:593
+#: builtin/branch.c:453
 #, c-format
-msgid "(detached from %s)"
-msgstr "(détaché de %s)"
+msgid "Branch %s is being rebased at %s"
+msgstr "La branche %s est en cours de rebasage sur %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:596
-msgid "(no branch)"
-msgstr "(aucune branche)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:643
+#: builtin/branch.c:457
 #, c-format
-msgid "object '%s' does not point to a commit"
-msgstr "l'objet '%s' ne pointe pas sur un commit"
+msgid "Branch %s is being bisected at %s"
+msgstr "La branche %s est en cours de bissection sur %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:691
-msgid "some refs could not be read"
-msgstr "des références n'ont pas pu être lues"
+#: builtin/branch.c:474
+msgid "cannot copy the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr "impossible de copier la branche actuelle, il n'y en a pas."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:704
+#: builtin/branch.c:476
 msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
 msgstr "impossible de renommer la branche actuelle, il n'y en a pas."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:714
+#: builtin/branch.c:487
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
 msgstr "Nom de branche invalide : '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:729
+#: builtin/branch.c:514
 msgid "Branch rename failed"
 msgstr "Échec de renommage de la branche"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:733
+#: builtin/branch.c:516
+msgid "Branch copy failed"
+msgstr "Échec de copie de la branche"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:520
+#, c-format
+msgid "Created a copy of a misnamed branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Création d'une copie d'une branche mal nommée '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:523
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
-msgstr "Renommage d'un branche mal nommée '%s'"
+msgstr "Renommage d'une branche mal nommée '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:737
+#: builtin/branch.c:529
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
 msgstr "La branche a été renommée en %s, mais HEAD n'est pas mise à jour !"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:744
+#: builtin/branch.c:538
 msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
 msgstr ""
 "La branche est renommée, mais la mise à jour du fichier de configuration a "
 "échoué"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:759
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name %s"
-msgstr "nom d'objet malformé %s"
+#: builtin/branch.c:540
+msgid "Branch is copied, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr ""
+"La branche est copiée, mais la mise à jour du fichier de configuration a "
+"échoué"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:783
+#: builtin/branch.c:556
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
-msgstr "impossible d'écrire le modèle de description de branche : %s"
+msgid ""
+"Please edit the description for the branch\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be stripped.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Veuillez éditer la description de la branche\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Les lignes commençant par '%c' seront ignorées.\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:813
+#: builtin/branch.c:589
 msgid "Generic options"
 msgstr "Options génériques"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:815
+#: builtin/branch.c:591
 msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
 msgstr "afficher le hachage et le sujet, doublé pour la branche amont"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:816
+#: builtin/branch.c:592
 msgid "suppress informational messages"
 msgstr "supprimer les messages d'information"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:817
+#: builtin/branch.c:593
 msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
 msgstr "régler le mode de suivi (voir git-pull(1))"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:819
-msgid "change upstream info"
+#: builtin/branch.c:595
+msgid "do not use"
+msgstr "ne pas utiliser"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
+msgid "upstream"
+msgstr "amont"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
+msgid "change the upstream info"
 msgstr "modifier l'information amont"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:823
+#: builtin/branch.c:598
+msgid "Unset the upstream info"
+msgstr "Désactiver l'information amont"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:599
 msgid "use colored output"
 msgstr "utiliser la coloration dans la sortie"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:824
+#: builtin/branch.c:600
 msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "agir sur les branches de suivi distantes"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:827 builtin/branch.c:833 builtin/branch.c:854
-#: builtin/branch.c:860 builtin/commit.c:1586 builtin/commit.c:1587
-#: builtin/commit.c:1588 builtin/commit.c:1589 builtin/tag.c:616
-#: builtin/tag.c:622
-msgid "commit"
-msgstr "commit"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:828 builtin/branch.c:834
+#: builtin/branch.c:602 builtin/branch.c:604
 msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
 msgstr "afficher seulement les branches qui contiennent le commit"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:840
+#: builtin/branch.c:603 builtin/branch.c:605
+msgid "print only branches that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "afficher seulement les branches qui ne contiennent pas le commit"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:608
 msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
 msgstr "Actions spécifiques à git-branch :"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:841
+#: builtin/branch.c:609
 msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "afficher à la fois les branches de suivi et les branches locales"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:843
+#: builtin/branch.c:611
 msgid "delete fully merged branch"
 msgstr "supprimer une branche totalement fusionnée"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:844
+#: builtin/branch.c:612
 msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
 msgstr "supprimer une branche (même non fusionnée)"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:845
+#: builtin/branch.c:613
 msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
 msgstr "déplacer/renommer une branche et son reflog"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:846
+#: builtin/branch.c:614
 msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
 msgstr "déplacer/renommer une branche, même si la cible existe"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:847
+#: builtin/branch.c:615
+msgid "copy a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr "copier une branche et son reflog"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:616
+msgid "copy a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr "copier une branche, même si la cible existe"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:617
 msgid "list branch names"
 msgstr "afficher les noms des branches"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:848
+#: builtin/branch.c:618
 msgid "create the branch's reflog"
 msgstr "créer le reflog de la branche"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:850
+#: builtin/branch.c:620
 msgid "edit the description for the branch"
 msgstr "éditer la description de la branche"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:851
+#: builtin/branch.c:621
 msgid "force creation, move/rename, deletion"
 msgstr "forcer la création, le déplacement/renommage, ou la suppression"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:854
-msgid "print only not merged branches"
-msgstr "afficher seulement les branches non fusionnées"
+#: builtin/branch.c:622
+msgid "print only branches that are merged"
+msgstr "afficher seulement les branches qui sont fusionnées"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:860
-msgid "print only merged branches"
-msgstr "afficher seulement les branches fusionnées"
+#: builtin/branch.c:623
+msgid "print only branches that are not merged"
+msgstr "afficher seulement les branches qui ne sont pas fusionnées"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:864
+#: builtin/branch.c:624
 msgid "list branches in columns"
 msgstr "afficher les branches en colonnes"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:877
-msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
-msgstr "Échec de résolution de HEAD comme référence valide."
+#: builtin/branch.c:625 builtin/for-each-ref.c:40 builtin/ls-remote.c:70
+#: builtin/tag.c:412
+msgid "key"
+msgstr "clé"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:626 builtin/for-each-ref.c:41 builtin/ls-remote.c:71
+#: builtin/tag.c:413
+msgid "field name to sort on"
+msgstr "nom du champ servant à trier"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:628 builtin/for-each-ref.c:43 builtin/notes.c:408
+#: builtin/notes.c:411 builtin/notes.c:571 builtin/notes.c:574
+#: builtin/tag.c:415
+msgid "object"
+msgstr "objet"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:629
+msgid "print only branches of the object"
+msgstr "afficher seulement les branches de l'objet"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:631 builtin/for-each-ref.c:49 builtin/tag.c:422
+msgid "sorting and filtering are case insensitive"
+msgstr "le tri et le filtrage sont non-sensibles à la casse"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:881 builtin/clone.c:637
+#: builtin/branch.c:632 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38 builtin/tag.c:420
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format to use for the output"
+msgstr "format à utiliser pour la sortie"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:655 builtin/clone.c:737
 msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
 msgstr "HEAD non trouvée sous refs/heads !"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:903
+#: builtin/branch.c:678
 msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column et --verbose sont incompatibles"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:914 builtin/branch.c:953
+#: builtin/branch.c:693 builtin/branch.c:745 builtin/branch.c:754
 msgid "branch name required"
 msgstr "le nom de branche est requis"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:929
+#: builtin/branch.c:721
 msgid "Cannot give description to detached HEAD"
 msgstr "Impossible de décrire une HEAD détachée"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:934
+#: builtin/branch.c:726
 msgid "cannot edit description of more than one branch"
 msgstr "impossible d'éditer la description de plus d'une branche"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:941
+#: builtin/branch.c:733
 #, c-format
 msgid "No commit on branch '%s' yet."
 msgstr "Aucun commit sur la branche '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:944
+#: builtin/branch.c:736
 #, c-format
 msgid "No branch named '%s'."
 msgstr "Aucune branche nommée '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:959
-msgid "too many branches for a rename operation"
-msgstr "trop de branches pour une opération de renommage"
+#: builtin/branch.c:751
+msgid "too many branches for a copy operation"
+msgstr "trop de branches pour une opération de copie"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:760
+msgid "too many arguments for a rename operation"
+msgstr "trop d'arguments pour une opération de renommage"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:964
-msgid "too many branches to set new upstream"
-msgstr "trop de branches pour spécifier une branche amont"
+#: builtin/branch.c:765
+msgid "too many arguments to set new upstream"
+msgstr "trop d'arguments pour spécifier une branche amont"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:968
+#: builtin/branch.c:769
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when it does not point to any branch."
@@ -3231,358 +6733,376 @@ msgstr ""
 "impossible de spécifier une branche amont de HEAD par %s qui ne pointe sur "
 "aucune branche."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:971 builtin/branch.c:993 builtin/branch.c:1014
+#: builtin/branch.c:772 builtin/branch.c:794 builtin/branch.c:810
 #, c-format
 msgid "no such branch '%s'"
 msgstr "pas de branche '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:975
+#: builtin/branch.c:776
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "la branche '%s' n'existe pas"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:987
-msgid "too many branches to unset upstream"
-msgstr "trop de branches pour désactiver un amont"
+#: builtin/branch.c:788
+msgid "too many arguments to unset upstream"
+msgstr "trop d'arguments pour désactiver un amont"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:991
+#: builtin/branch.c:792
 msgid "could not unset upstream of HEAD when it does not point to any branch."
 msgstr ""
 "impossible de désactiver une branche amont de HEAD quand elle ne pointe sur "
 "aucune branche."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:997
+#: builtin/branch.c:798
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
 msgstr "La branche '%s' n'a aucune information de branche amont"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1011
-msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
-msgstr "créer manuellement 'HEAD' n'a pas de sens"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1017
+#: builtin/branch.c:813
 msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
 msgstr ""
 "les options -a et -r de 'git branch' n'ont pas de sens avec un nom de branche"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1020
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
-"track or --set-upstream-to\n"
-msgstr ""
-"l'option --set-upstream est obsolète et va disparaître. Utilisez plutôt --"
-"track ou --set-upstream-to\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1037
-#, c-format
+#: builtin/branch.c:816
 msgid ""
-"\n"
-"If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
-"\n"
+"the '--set-upstream' option is no longer supported. Please use '--track' or "
+"'--set-upstream-to' instead."
 msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"Si vous vouliez que '%s' suive '%s', faîtes ceci :\n"
-"\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1038
-#, c-format
-msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
-msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1039
-#, c-format
-msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
-msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+"l'option '--set-upstream' est obsolète. Utilisez '--track' ou '--set-"
+"upstream-to' à la place."
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#: builtin/bundle.c:45
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is okay\n"
 msgstr "%s est correct\n"
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+#: builtin/bundle.c:58
 msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
 msgstr "La création d'un colis requiert un dépôt."
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+#: builtin/bundle.c:62
 msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
 msgstr "Le dépaquetage d'un colis requiert un dépôt."
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:328
-msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
-msgstr "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <objet>"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:525
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <type> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<path>] <object>"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknow-type] | -s [--allow-unknow-type] | -e | -p "
+"| <type> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<chemin>] <objet>"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:329
-msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
-msgstr "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <liste_d_objets>"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:526
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:366
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:563
 msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 msgstr "<type> peut être : blob, tree, commit ou tag"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:367
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:564
 msgid "show object type"
 msgstr "afficher le type de l'objet"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:368
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:565
 msgid "show object size"
 msgstr "afficher la taille de l'objet"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:370
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:567
 msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
 msgstr "sortir avec un code d'erreur nul quand il n'y a aucune erreur"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:371
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:568
 msgid "pretty-print object's content"
 msgstr "afficher avec mise en forme le contenu de l'objet"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:373
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:570
 msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
 msgstr "pour les objets blob, lancer textconv sur le contenu de l'objet"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:375
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:572
+msgid "for blob objects, run filters on object's content"
+msgstr "pour les objets blob, lancer les filtres sur le contenu de l'objet"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:573 git-submodule.sh:894
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr "blob"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:574
+msgid "use a specific path for --textconv/--filters"
+msgstr "utiliser un chemin spécifique pour --textconv/--filters"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:576
+msgid "allow -s and -t to work with broken/corrupt objects"
+msgstr "autoriser -s et -t à travailler sur des objets cassés/corrompus"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:577
+msgid "buffer --batch output"
+msgstr "bufferiser la sortie de --batch"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:579
 msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr ""
 "afficher l'information et le contenu des objets passés en entrée standard"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:378
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:582
 msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr "afficher l'information des objets passés en entrée standard"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:11
-msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname..."
-msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] chemin..."
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:585
+msgid "follow in-tree symlinks (used with --batch or --batch-check)"
+msgstr ""
+"suivre les liens symbolique internes à la copie de travail (utilisé avec --"
+"batch ou --batch-check)"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:587
+msgid "show all objects with --batch or --batch-check"
+msgstr "montrer tous les objets avec --batch ou --batch-check"
 
 #: builtin/check-attr.c:12
-msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>"
-msgstr ""
-"git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <liste-de-chemins>"
+msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | <attr>...] [--] <pathname>..."
+msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | <attr>...] [--] <chemin>..."
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:13
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...]"
+msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...]"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:19
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
 msgid "report all attributes set on file"
 msgstr "afficher tous les attributs associés au fichier"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21
 msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
 msgstr "utiliser .gitattributes seulement depuis l'index"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/check-ignore.c:22 builtin/hash-object.c:98
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:22 builtin/check-ignore.c:24 builtin/hash-object.c:100
 msgid "read file names from stdin"
 msgstr "lire les noms de fichier depuis l'entrée standard"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:23 builtin/check-ignore.c:24
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:24 builtin/check-ignore.c:26
 msgid "terminate input and output records by a NUL character"
 msgstr ""
 "terminer les enregistrements en entrée et en sortie par un caractère NUL"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:18 builtin/checkout.c:1107 builtin/gc.c:274
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:20 builtin/checkout.c:1113 builtin/gc.c:500
 msgid "suppress progress reporting"
 msgstr "supprimer l'état d'avancement"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:26
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
 msgid "show non-matching input paths"
 msgstr "afficher les chemins en entrée qui ne correspondent pas"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:30
 msgid "ignore index when checking"
 msgstr "ignorer l'index pendant la vérification"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:154
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
 msgid "cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
 msgstr "impossible de spécifier les chemins avec --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:157
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:162
 msgid "-z only makes sense with --stdin"
 msgstr "-z n'a de sens qu'avec l'option --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:164
 msgid "no path specified"
 msgstr "aucun chemin spécifié"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:163
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
 msgid "--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
 msgstr "--quiet n'est valide qu'avec un seul chemin"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:165
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:170
 msgid "cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"
 msgstr "impossible d'avoir --quiet et --verbose"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:173
 msgid "--non-matching is only valid with --verbose"
 msgstr "--non-matching n'est valide qu'avec --verbose"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:8
-msgid "git check-mailmap [options] <contact>..."
-msgstr "git check-mailmap [options] <contact>..."
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:9
+msgid "git check-mailmap [<options>] <contact>..."
+msgstr "git check-mailmap [<options>] <contact>..."
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:13
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:14
 msgid "also read contacts from stdin"
 msgstr "lire aussi les contacts depuis l'entrée standard"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:24
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:25
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse contact: %s"
 msgstr "impossible d'analyser le contact : %s"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:47
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:48
 msgid "no contacts specified"
 msgstr "aucun contact spécifié"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
-msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<fichier>...]"
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:128
+msgid "git checkout-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git checkout-index [<options>] [--] [<fichier>...]"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:143
+msgid "stage should be between 1 and 3 or all"
+msgstr "stage doit valoir entre 1 et 3, ou all"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:188
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:159
 msgid "check out all files in the index"
 msgstr "extraire tous les fichiers présents dans l'index"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:189
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:160
 msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
 msgstr "forcer l'écrasement des fichiers existants"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:191
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:162
 msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
 msgstr ""
 "pas d'avertissement pour les fichiers existants et les fichiers absents de "
 "l'index"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:193
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:164
 msgid "don't checkout new files"
 msgstr "ne pas extraire les nouveaux fichiers"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:195
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:166
 msgid "update stat information in the index file"
 msgstr "mettre à jour l'information de stat dans le fichier d'index"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:201
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:170
 msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
 msgstr "lire la liste des chemins depuis l'entrée standard"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:203
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:172
 msgid "write the content to temporary files"
 msgstr "écrire le contenu dans des fichiers temporaires"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:204 builtin/column.c:30
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:173 builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1216 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1219
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1227 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1591
+#: builtin/worktree.c:610
 msgid "string"
 msgstr "chaîne"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:205
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:174
 msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
 msgstr "lors de la création de fichiers, préfixer par <chaîne>"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:208
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:176
 msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
 msgstr "copier les fichiers depuis l'index nommé"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:25
-msgid "git checkout [options] <branch>"
-msgstr "git checkout [options] <branche>"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:27
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] <branch>"
+msgstr "git checkout [<options>] <branche>"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:26
-msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
-msgstr "git checkout [options] [<branche>] -- <fichier>..."
+#: builtin/checkout.c:28
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
+msgstr "git checkout [<options>] [<branche>] -- <fichier>..."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:132 builtin/checkout.c:165
+#: builtin/checkout.c:136 builtin/checkout.c:169
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
 msgstr "le chemin '%s' n'a pas notre version"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:134 builtin/checkout.c:167
+#: builtin/checkout.c:138 builtin/checkout.c:171
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
 msgstr "le chemin '%s' n'a pas leur version"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:150
+#: builtin/checkout.c:154
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
 msgstr "le chemin '%s' n'a aucune des versions nécessaires"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:194
+#: builtin/checkout.c:198
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
 msgstr "le chemin '%s' n'a pas les versions nécessaires"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:211
+#: builtin/checkout.c:215
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
 msgstr "chemin '%s' : impossible de fusionner"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:228
+#: builtin/checkout.c:231
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
 msgstr "Impossible d'ajouter le résultat de fusion pour '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:249 builtin/checkout.c:252 builtin/checkout.c:255
-#: builtin/checkout.c:258
+#: builtin/checkout.c:253 builtin/checkout.c:256 builtin/checkout.c:259
+#: builtin/checkout.c:262
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
 msgstr "'%s' ne peut pas être utilisé avec des mises à jour de chemins"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:261 builtin/checkout.c:264
+#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:268
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr "'%s' ne peut pas être utilisé avec %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:267
+#: builtin/checkout.c:271
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
 msgstr ""
 "Impossible de mettre à jour les chemins et basculer sur la branche '%s' en "
 "même temps."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:278 builtin/checkout.c:467
-msgid "corrupt index file"
-msgstr "fichier d'index corrompu"
-
-#: builtin/checkout.c:338 builtin/checkout.c:345
+#: builtin/checkout.c:340 builtin/checkout.c:347
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
 msgstr "le chemin '%s' n'est pas fusionné"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:489
+#: builtin/checkout.c:506
 msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
 msgstr "vous devez d'abord résoudre votre index courant"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:615
+#: builtin/checkout.c:643
 #, c-format
-msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
-msgstr "Impossible de faire un reflog pour '%s'\n"
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "Impossible de faire un reflog pour '%s' : %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:653
+#: builtin/checkout.c:684
 msgid "HEAD is now at"
 msgstr "HEAD est maintenant sur"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:660
+#: builtin/checkout.c:688 builtin/clone.c:691
+msgid "unable to update HEAD"
+msgstr "impossible de mettre à jour HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:692
 #, c-format
 msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Remise à zéro de la branche '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:663
+#: builtin/checkout.c:695
 #, c-format
 msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Déjà sur '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:667
+#: builtin/checkout.c:699
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Basculement et remise à zéro de la branche '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:669 builtin/checkout.c:1050
+#: builtin/checkout.c:701 builtin/checkout.c:1046
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Basculement sur la nouvelle branche '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:671
+#: builtin/checkout.c:703
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Basculement sur la branche '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:723
+#: builtin/checkout.c:754
 #, c-format
 msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
 msgstr " ... et %d en plus.\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:729
+#: builtin/checkout.c:760
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
@@ -3605,170 +7125,191 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "\n"
 "%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:747
+#: builtin/checkout.c:779
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
+"If you want to keep it by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgid_plural ""
 "If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
 "to do so with:\n"
 "\n"
-" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
 "\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Si vous souhaitez le garder en créant une nouvelle branche, c'est le bon "
+"moment\n"
+"pour le faire avec :\n"
+"\n"
+"git branch <nouvelle-branche> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
 "Si vous souhaitez les garder en créant une nouvelle branche, c'est le bon "
 "moment\n"
 "pour le faire avec :\n"
 "\n"
-"git branch nouvelle_branche %s\n"
+"git branch <nouvelle-branche> %s\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:777
+#: builtin/checkout.c:811
 msgid "internal error in revision walk"
 msgstr "erreur interne lors du parcours des révisions"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:781
+#: builtin/checkout.c:815
 msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
 msgstr "La position précédente de HEAD était sur"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:808 builtin/checkout.c:1045
+#: builtin/checkout.c:843 builtin/checkout.c:1041
 msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr "Vous êtes sur une branche qui doit encore naître"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:952
+#: builtin/checkout.c:947
 #, c-format
 msgid "only one reference expected, %d given."
 msgstr "une seule référence attendue, %d fournies."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:991
+#: builtin/checkout.c:987 builtin/worktree.c:240 builtin/worktree.c:389
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid reference: %s"
 msgstr "référence invalide : %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1020
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
 #, c-format
 msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
 msgstr "la référence n'est pas un arbre : %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1059
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1055
 msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr "impossible d'utiliser des chemins avec un basculement de branches"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1062 builtin/checkout.c:1066
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1058 builtin/checkout.c:1062
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr "'%s' ne peut pas être utilisé avec un basculement de branches"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1070 builtin/checkout.c:1073 builtin/checkout.c:1078
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1081
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1066 builtin/checkout.c:1069 builtin/checkout.c:1074
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1077
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
 msgstr "'%s' ne peut pas être utilisé avec '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1086
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1082
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
 msgstr "Impossible de basculer de branche vers '%s' qui n'est pas un commit"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1108 builtin/checkout.c:1110 builtin/clone.c:90
-#: builtin/remote.c:159 builtin/remote.c:161
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1114 builtin/checkout.c:1116 builtin/clone.c:118
+#: builtin/remote.c:167 builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/worktree.c:433
+#: builtin/worktree.c:435
 msgid "branch"
 msgstr "branche"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1109
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1115
 msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
 msgstr "créer et extraire une nouvelle branche"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1111
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1117
 msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
 msgstr "créer/réinitialiser et extraire une branche"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1112
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1118
 msgid "create reflog for new branch"
 msgstr "créer un reflog pour une nouvelle branche"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1113
-msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
-msgstr "détacher la HEAD à la validation nommée"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1119 builtin/worktree.c:437
+msgid "detach HEAD at named commit"
+msgstr "détacher la HEAD au commit nommé"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1114
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1120
 msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
 msgstr "paramétrer les coordonnées de branche amont pour une nouvelle branche"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
 msgid "new-branch"
 msgstr "nouvelle branche"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
 msgid "new unparented branch"
 msgstr "nouvelle branche sans parent"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1117
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1123
 msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
 msgstr "extraire notre version pour les fichiers non fusionnés"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1119
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
 msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
 msgstr "extraire leur version pour les fichiers non fusionnés"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1121
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1127
 msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
 msgstr "forcer l'extraction (laisser tomber les modifications locales)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1129
 msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
 msgstr "effectuer une fusion à 3 points avec la nouvelle branche"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1123 builtin/merge.c:227
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1131 builtin/merge.c:241
 msgid "update ignored files (default)"
 msgstr "mettre à jour les fichiers ignorés (par défaut)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1124 builtin/log.c:1239 parse-options.h:245
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1133 builtin/log.c:1499 parse-options.h:264
 msgid "style"
 msgstr "style"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1134
 msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
-msgstr "style de conflit (fusion ou diff3)"
+msgstr "style de conflit (merge (fusion) ou diff3)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1128
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1137
 msgid "do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only"
 msgstr "ne pas limiter les spécificateurs de chemins aux seuls éléments creux"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1130
-msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
-msgstr "deuxième chance 'git checkout branche-inexistante'"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1139
+msgid "second guess 'git checkout <no-such-branch>'"
+msgstr "réessayer d'interpréter 'git checkout <branche-inexistante>'"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1141
+msgid "do not check if another worktree is holding the given ref"
+msgstr ""
+"ne pas vérifier si une autre copie de travail contient le référence fournie"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1153
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1145 builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/fetch.c:149
+#: builtin/merge.c:238 builtin/pull.c:128 builtin/push.c:572
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:174
+msgid "force progress reporting"
+msgstr "forcer l'affichage de l'état d'avancement"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1175
 msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
 msgstr "-b, -B et --orphan sont mutuellement exclusifs"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1170
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1192
 msgid "--track needs a branch name"
 msgstr "--track requiert un nom de branche"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1175
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1197
 msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
 msgstr "Nom de branche manquant ; essayez -b"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1212
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1233
 msgid "invalid path specification"
 msgstr "spécification de chemin invalide"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1219
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1240
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
-"Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit and a branch '%s' cannot be created from it"
 msgstr ""
-"Impossible de mettre à jour les chemins et de basculer sur la branche '%s' "
-"en même temps.\n"
-"Souhaitiez-vous extraire '%s' qui ne peut être résolu comme commit ?"
+"'%s' n'est pas un commit et une branche '%s' ne peut pas en être créée depuis"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1224
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1244
 #, c-format
 msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
 msgstr "git checkout: --detach n'accepte pas un argument de chemin '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1228
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1248
 msgid ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
 "checking out of the index."
@@ -3807,19 +7348,21 @@ msgstr "Ignorerait le dépôt %s\n"
 msgid "failed to remove %s"
 msgstr "échec de la suppression de %s"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:295
+#: builtin/clean.c:302 git-add--interactive.perl:579
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Prompt help:\n"
 "1          - select a numbered item\n"
 "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
-"           - (empty) select nothing"
+"           - (empty) select nothing\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Aide en ligne :\n"
 "1           - sélectionner un élément numéroté\n"
 "foo         - sélectionner un élément par un préfixe unique\n"
-"            - (vide) ne rien sélectionner"
+"            - (vide) ne rien sélectionner\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:299
+#: builtin/clean.c:306 git-add--interactive.perl:588
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Prompt help:\n"
 "1          - select a single item\n"
@@ -3828,7 +7371,7 @@ msgid ""
 "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
 "-...       - unselect specified items\n"
 "*          - choose all items\n"
-"           - (empty) finish selecting"
+"           - (empty) finish selecting\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Aide en ligne :\n"
 "1          - sélectionner un seul élément\n"
@@ -3837,37 +7380,40 @@ msgstr ""
 "foo        - sélectionner un élément par un préfixe unique\n"
 "-...       - désélectionner les éléments spécifiés\n"
 "*          - choisir tous les éléments\n"
-"           - (vide) terminer la sélection"
+"           - (vide) terminer la sélection\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:517
-#, c-format
-msgid "Huh (%s)?"
-msgstr "Hein (%s) ?"
+#: builtin/clean.c:522 git-add--interactive.perl:554
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:559
+#, c-format, perl-format
+msgid "Huh (%s)?\n"
+msgstr "Hein (%s) ?\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:659
+#: builtin/clean.c:664
 #, c-format
 msgid "Input ignore patterns>> "
 msgstr "Entrez les motifs à ignorer>> "
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:696
+#: builtin/clean.c:701
 #, c-format
 msgid "WARNING: Cannot find items matched by: %s"
 msgstr "ATTENTION : Impossible de trouver les éléments correspondant à : %s"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:717
+#: builtin/clean.c:722
 msgid "Select items to delete"
 msgstr "Sélectionner les éléments à supprimer"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:757
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to keep [y/N] as is
+#: builtin/clean.c:763
 #, c-format
-msgid "remove %s? "
-msgstr "supprimer %s ? "
+msgid "Remove %s [y/N]? "
+msgstr "Supprimer %s [y/N] ? "
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:782
-msgid "Bye."
-msgstr "Au revoir."
+#: builtin/clean.c:788 git-add--interactive.perl:1717
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bye.\n"
+msgstr "Au revoir.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:790
+#: builtin/clean.c:796
 msgid ""
 "clean               - start cleaning\n"
 "filter by pattern   - exclude items from deletion\n"
@@ -3885,62 +7431,64 @@ msgstr ""
 "help                - cet écran\n"
 "?                   - aide pour la sélection en ligne"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:817
+#: builtin/clean.c:823 git-add--interactive.perl:1793
 msgid "*** Commands ***"
 msgstr "*** Commandes ***"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:818
+#: builtin/clean.c:824 git-add--interactive.perl:1790
 msgid "What now"
 msgstr "Et maintenant ?"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:826
+#: builtin/clean.c:832
 msgid "Would remove the following item:"
 msgid_plural "Would remove the following items:"
 msgstr[0] "Supprimerait l'élément suivant :"
 msgstr[1] "Supprimerait les éléments suivants :"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:843
+#: builtin/clean.c:848
 msgid "No more files to clean, exiting."
 msgstr "Plus de fichier à nettoyer, sortie."
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:874
+#: builtin/clean.c:910
 msgid "do not print names of files removed"
 msgstr "ne pas afficher les noms des fichiers supprimés"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:876
+#: builtin/clean.c:912
 msgid "force"
 msgstr "forcer"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:877
+#: builtin/clean.c:913
 msgid "interactive cleaning"
 msgstr "nettoyage interactif"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:879
+#: builtin/clean.c:915
 msgid "remove whole directories"
 msgstr "supprimer les répertoires entiers"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:880 builtin/describe.c:407 builtin/grep.c:714
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:486 builtin/name-rev.c:311 builtin/show-ref.c:185
+#: builtin/clean.c:916 builtin/describe.c:533 builtin/describe.c:535
+#: builtin/grep.c:871 builtin/log.c:157 builtin/log.c:159
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:548 builtin/name-rev.c:397 builtin/name-rev.c:399
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
 msgid "pattern"
 msgstr "motif"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:881
+#: builtin/clean.c:917
 msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
 msgstr "ajouter <motif> aux règles ignore"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:882
+#: builtin/clean.c:918
 msgid "remove ignored files, too"
 msgstr "supprimer les fichiers ignorés, aussi"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:884
+#: builtin/clean.c:920
 msgid "remove only ignored files"
 msgstr "supprimer seulement les fichiers ignorés"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:902
+#: builtin/clean.c:938
 msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
 msgstr "-x et -X ne peuvent pas être utilisés ensemble"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:906
+#: builtin/clean.c:942
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce set to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; refusing to "
 "clean"
@@ -3948,7 +7496,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce positionné à true et ni -i, -n ou -f fourni ; refus de "
 "nettoyer"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:909
+#: builtin/clean.c:945
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; "
 "refusing to clean"
@@ -3956,154 +7504,192 @@ msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce à true par défaut et ni -i, -n ou -f fourni ; refus de "
 "nettoyer"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:37
-msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
-msgstr "git clone [options] [--] <dépôt> [<répertoire>]"
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:66 builtin/fetch.c:112 builtin/merge.c:224
-#: builtin/push.c:514
-msgid "force progress reporting"
-msgstr "forcer l'affichage de l'état d'avancement"
+#: builtin/clone.c:42
+msgid "git clone [<options>] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+msgstr "git clone [<options>] [--] <dépôt> [<répertoire>]"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:68
+#: builtin/clone.c:87
 msgid "don't create a checkout"
 msgstr "ne pas créer d'extraction"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:69 builtin/clone.c:71 builtin/init-db.c:496
+#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/clone.c:90 builtin/init-db.c:479
 msgid "create a bare repository"
 msgstr "créer un dépôt nu"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:73
+#: builtin/clone.c:92
 msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
 msgstr "créer un dépôt miroir (implique dépôt nu)"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:75
+#: builtin/clone.c:94
 msgid "to clone from a local repository"
 msgstr "pour cloner depuis un dépôt local"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:77
+#: builtin/clone.c:96
 msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
 msgstr "ne pas utiliser de liens durs locaux, toujours copier"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:79
+#: builtin/clone.c:98
 msgid "setup as shared repository"
 msgstr "régler comme dépôt partagé"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:81 builtin/clone.c:83
+#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/clone.c:104
+msgid "pathspec"
+msgstr "spécificateur de chemin"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/clone.c:104
 msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
 msgstr "initialiser les sous-modules dans le clone"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:493
+#: builtin/clone.c:107
+msgid "number of submodules cloned in parallel"
+msgstr "nombre de sous-modules clonés en parallèle"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:108 builtin/init-db.c:476
 msgid "template-directory"
 msgstr "répertoire-modèle"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/init-db.c:494
+#: builtin/clone.c:109 builtin/init-db.c:477
 msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
 msgstr "répertoire depuis lequel les modèles vont être utilisés"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:87
+#: builtin/clone.c:111 builtin/clone.c:113 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1223
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1594
 msgid "reference repository"
 msgstr "dépôt de référence"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/clone.c:115 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1225
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1596
+msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
+msgstr "utiliser seulement --reference pour cloner"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:116 builtin/column.c:27 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3166 builtin/repack.c:213
 msgid "name"
 msgstr "nom"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:89
+#: builtin/clone.c:117
 msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
 msgstr "utiliser <nom> au lieu de 'origin' pour suivre la branche amont"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:91
+#: builtin/clone.c:119
 msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
 msgstr "extraire <branche> au lieu de la HEAD du répertoire distant"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:93
+#: builtin/clone.c:121
 msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
 msgstr "chemin vers git-upload-pack sur le serveur distant"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:94 builtin/fetch.c:113 builtin/grep.c:659
+#: builtin/clone.c:122 builtin/fetch.c:150 builtin/grep.c:813
+#: builtin/pull.c:216
 msgid "depth"
 msgstr "profondeur"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:95
+#: builtin/clone.c:123
 msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
 msgstr "créer un clone superficiel de cette profondeur"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:97
+#: builtin/clone.c:124 builtin/fetch.c:152 builtin/pack-objects.c:3157
+#: parse-options.h:154
+msgid "time"
+msgstr "heure"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:125
+msgid "create a shallow clone since a specific time"
+msgstr "créer un clone superficiel depuis une date spécifique"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:126 builtin/fetch.c:154
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "révision"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:127 builtin/fetch.c:155
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone, excluding rev"
+msgstr ""
+"approfondir l'historique d'un clone superficiel en excluant une révision"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:129
 msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
 msgstr "cloner seulement une branche, HEAD ou --branch"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:99
-msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
-msgstr "utiliser seulement --reference pour cloner"
+#: builtin/clone.c:131
+msgid "don't clone any tags, and make later fetches not to follow them"
+msgstr ""
+"ne pas cloner les tags et indiquer aux récupérations futures de ne pas le "
+"faire"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:133
+msgid "any cloned submodules will be shallow"
+msgstr "tous les sous-modules clonés seront superficiels"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/init-db.c:502
+#: builtin/clone.c:134 builtin/init-db.c:485
 msgid "gitdir"
 msgstr "gitdir"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:101 builtin/init-db.c:503
+#: builtin/clone.c:135 builtin/init-db.c:486
 msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
 msgstr "séparer le répertoire git de la copie de travail"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:102
+#: builtin/clone.c:136
 msgid "key=value"
 msgstr "clé=valeur"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:103
+#: builtin/clone.c:137
 msgid "set config inside the new repository"
 msgstr "régler la configuration dans le nouveau dépôt"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:256
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
-msgstr "le dépôt de référence '%s' n'est pas un dépôt local."
+#: builtin/clone.c:138 builtin/fetch.c:173 builtin/pull.c:229
+#: builtin/push.c:583
+msgid "use IPv4 addresses only"
+msgstr "n'utiliser que des adresses IPv4"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:260
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
-msgstr "le dépôt de référence '%s' est superficiel"
+#: builtin/clone.c:140 builtin/fetch.c:175 builtin/pull.c:232
+#: builtin/push.c:585
+msgid "use IPv6 addresses only"
+msgstr "n'utiliser que des adresses IPv6"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:263
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
-msgstr "le dépôt de référence '%s' est greffé"
+#: builtin/clone.c:278
+msgid ""
+"No directory name could be guessed.\n"
+"Please specify a directory on the command line"
+msgstr ""
+"Aucun nom de répertoire n'a pu être deviné\n"
+"Veuillez spécifier un répertoire dans la ligne de commande"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:325
+#: builtin/clone.c:331
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
-msgstr "échec de la création du répertoire '%s'"
+msgid "info: Could not add alternate for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "info : impossible d'ajouter une alternative pour '%s' : %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:327 builtin/diff.c:84
+#: builtin/clone.c:403
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
-msgstr "échec du stat de '%s'"
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr "échec à l'ouverture de '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:329
+#: builtin/clone.c:411
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
 msgstr "%s existe et n'est pas un répertoire"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:343
+#: builtin/clone.c:425
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
 msgstr "échec du stat de %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:365
+#: builtin/clone.c:447
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
 msgstr "échec de la création du lien '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:369
+#: builtin/clone.c:451
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
 msgstr "échec de la copie vers '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:392 builtin/clone.c:566
+#: builtin/clone.c:477
 #, c-format
 msgid "done.\n"
 msgstr "fait.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:404
+#: builtin/clone.c:491
 msgid ""
 "Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
 "You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
@@ -4113,152 +7699,172 @@ msgstr ""
 "Vous pouvez inspecter ce qui a été extrait avec 'git status'\n"
 "et réessayer l'extraction avec 'git checkout -f HEAD'\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:481
+#: builtin/clone.c:568
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
 msgstr "Impossible de trouver la branche distante '%s' à cloner."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:561
-#, c-format
-msgid "Checking connectivity... "
-msgstr "Vérification de la connectivité... "
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:564
+#: builtin/clone.c:663
 msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
 msgstr "le serveur distant n'a pas envoyé tous les objets nécessaires"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:628
+#: builtin/clone.c:679
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to update %s"
+msgstr "impossible de mettre à jour %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:728
 msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "la HEAD distante réfère à une référence non existante, impossible de "
 "l'extraire.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:659
+#: builtin/clone.c:758
 msgid "unable to checkout working tree"
 msgstr "impossible d'extraire la copie de travail"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:746
+#: builtin/clone.c:803
+msgid "unable to write parameters to config file"
+msgstr "impossible d'écrire les paramètres dans le fichier de configuration"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:866
 msgid "cannot repack to clean up"
 msgstr "impossible de remballer pour nettoyer"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:748
+#: builtin/clone.c:868
 msgid "cannot unlink temporary alternates file"
 msgstr "impossible de unlinker le fichier temporaire alternates"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:778
+#: builtin/clone.c:907 builtin/receive-pack.c:1947
 msgid "Too many arguments."
 msgstr "Trop d'arguments."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:782
+#: builtin/clone.c:911
 msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
 msgstr "Vous devez spécifier un dépôt à cloner."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:793
+#: builtin/clone.c:924
 #, c-format
 msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
 msgstr "les options --bare et --origin %s sont incompatibles."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:796
+#: builtin/clone.c:927
 msgid "--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."
 msgstr "--bare et --separate-git-dir sont incompatibles."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:809
+#: builtin/clone.c:940
 #, c-format
 msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "le dépôt '%s' n'existe pas"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:815 builtin/fetch.c:1155
+#: builtin/clone.c:946 builtin/fetch.c:1460
 #, c-format
 msgid "depth %s is not a positive number"
 msgstr "la profondeur %s n'est pas un entier positif"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:825
+#: builtin/clone.c:956
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
 msgstr ""
 "le chemin de destination '%s' existe déjà et n'est pas un répertoire vide."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:835
+#: builtin/clone.c:966
 #, c-format
 msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "la copie de travail '%s' existe déjà."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:848 builtin/clone.c:860
+#: builtin/clone.c:981 builtin/clone.c:1002 builtin/difftool.c:270
+#: builtin/worktree.c:246 builtin/worktree.c:276
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible de créer les répertoires de premier niveau dans '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:851
+#: builtin/clone.c:986
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
-msgstr "impossible de créer le répertoire de la copie de travail '%s'."
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de créer le répertoire de la copie de travail '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:870
+#: builtin/clone.c:1006
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
 msgstr "Clonage dans le dépôt nu '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:872
+#: builtin/clone.c:1008
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
 msgstr "Clonage dans '%s'...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:897
-msgid "--dissociate given, but there is no --reference"
-msgstr "--dissociate est spécifié, mais --reference est absent"
+#: builtin/clone.c:1032
+msgid ""
+"clone --recursive is not compatible with both --reference and --reference-if-"
+"able"
+msgstr ""
+"clone --recursive n'est pas compatible avec à la fois --reference et --"
+"reference-if-able"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:912
+#: builtin/clone.c:1093
 msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
 msgstr ""
 "--depth est ignoré dans les clones locaux : utilisez plutôt \"file://\"."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:915
+#: builtin/clone.c:1095
+msgid "--shallow-since is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--shallow-since est ignoré dans les clones locaux : utilisez plutôt \"file://"
+"\"."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1097
+msgid "--shallow-exclude is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--shallow-exclude est ignoré dans les clones locaux : utilisez plutôt "
+"\"file://\"."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1099
+msgid "--filter is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--filter est ignoré dans les clones locaux ; utilisez plutôt file:// ."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1102
 msgid "source repository is shallow, ignoring --local"
 msgstr "le dépôt source est superficiel, option --local ignorée"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:920
+#: builtin/clone.c:1107
 msgid "--local is ignored"
 msgstr "--local est ignoré"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:924
-#, c-format
-msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
-msgstr "Je ne sais pas cloner %s"
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:975 builtin/clone.c:983
+#: builtin/clone.c:1169 builtin/clone.c:1177
 #, c-format
 msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
 msgstr "La branche distante %s n'a pas été trouvée dans le dépôt amont %s"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:986
+#: builtin/clone.c:1180
 msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
 msgstr "Vous semblez avoir cloné un dépôt vide."
 
-#: builtin/column.c:9
-msgid "git column [options]"
-msgstr "git column [options]"
+#: builtin/column.c:10
+msgid "git column [<options>]"
+msgstr "git column [<options>]"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:26
+#: builtin/column.c:27
 msgid "lookup config vars"
 msgstr "rechercher les variables de configuration"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:27 builtin/column.c:28
+#: builtin/column.c:28 builtin/column.c:29
 msgid "layout to use"
 msgstr "mise en page à utiliser"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:29
+#: builtin/column.c:30
 msgid "Maximum width"
 msgstr "Largeur maximale"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:30
+#: builtin/column.c:31
 msgid "Padding space on left border"
 msgstr "Remplissage d'espace sur la bordure gauche"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/column.c:32
 msgid "Padding space on right border"
 msgstr "Remplissage d'espace sur le côté droit"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:32
+#: builtin/column.c:33
 msgid "Padding space between columns"
 msgstr "Remplissage d'espace entre les colonnes"
 
@@ -4267,68 +7873,15 @@ msgid "--command must be the first argument"
 msgstr "--command doit être le premier argument"
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:37
-msgid "git commit [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git commit [options] [--] <spécification-de-chemin>..."
+msgid "git commit [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git commit [<options>] [--] <spécification-de-chemin>..."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:42
-msgid "git status [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git status [options] [--] <spécification-de-chemin>..."
+msgid "git status [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git status [<options>] [--] <spécification-de-chemin>..."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:47
 msgid ""
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
-"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
-"your configuration file:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global --edit\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Votre nom et votre adresse e-mail ont été configurés automatiquement en se\n"
-"fondant sur votre nom d'utilisateur et le nom de votre machine. Veuillez \n"
-"vérifier qu'ils sont corrects. Vous pouvez supprimer ce message en les \n"
-"paramétrant explicitement. Lancez les commandes suivantes et suivez les\n"
-"instruction dans votre éditeur pour éditer votre fichier de configuration :\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global --edit\n"
-"\n"
-"Après ceci, vous pouvez corriger l'identité utilisée pour cette validation "
-"avec :\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:60
-msgid ""
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Votre nom et votre adresse e-mail ont été configurés automatiquement en se "
-"fondant\n"
-"sur votre nom d'utilisateur et le nom de votre machine. Veuillez vérifier "
-"qu'ils sont corrects.\n"
-"Vous pouvez supprimer ce message en les paramétrant explicitement :\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"Votre Nom\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email vous@exemple.com\n"
-"\n"
-"Après ceci, vous pouvez corriger l'identité utilisée pour ce commit avec :\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:72
-msgid ""
 "You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
 "it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
 "remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
@@ -4338,7 +7891,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "vide. Vous pouvez répéter votre commande avec --allow-empty, ou vous pouvez\n"
 "supprimer complètement le commit avec \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:77
+#: builtin/commit.c:52
 msgid ""
 "The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
 "If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
@@ -4353,11 +7906,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "    git commit --allow-empty\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:84
+#: builtin/commit.c:59
 msgid "Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
 msgstr "Sinon, veuillez utiliser 'git reset'\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:87
+#: builtin/commit.c:62
 msgid ""
 "If you wish to skip this commit, use:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -4373,70 +7926,61 @@ msgstr ""
 "Puis \"git cherry-pick --continue\" continuera le picorage \n"
 "des commits restants.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:302
+#: builtin/commit.c:293
 msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
 msgstr "échec du dépaquetage de l'objet arbre HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:342
+#: builtin/commit.c:334
 msgid "unable to create temporary index"
 msgstr "impossible de créer l'index temporaire"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:348
+#: builtin/commit.c:340
 msgid "interactive add failed"
 msgstr "échec de l'ajout interactif"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:359
-msgid "unable to write index file"
-msgstr "impossible d'écrire le fichier d'index"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:361
+#: builtin/commit.c:353
 msgid "unable to update temporary index"
 msgstr "impossible de mettre à jour l'index temporaire"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:363
+#: builtin/commit.c:355
 msgid "Failed to update main cache tree"
 msgstr "Impossible de mettre à jour l'arbre de cache principal"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:387 builtin/commit.c:412 builtin/commit.c:461
+#: builtin/commit.c:380 builtin/commit.c:403 builtin/commit.c:449
 msgid "unable to write new_index file"
 msgstr "impossible d'écrire le fichier new_index"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:443
+#: builtin/commit.c:432
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
 msgstr "impossible de faire une validation partielle pendant une fusion."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:445
+#: builtin/commit.c:434
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
 msgstr "impossible de faire une validation partielle pendant un picorage."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:454
+#: builtin/commit.c:442
 msgid "cannot read the index"
 msgstr "impossible de lire l'index"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:473
+#: builtin/commit.c:461
 msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
 msgstr "impossible d'écrire le fichier d'index temporaire"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:584
+#: builtin/commit.c:558
 #, c-format
 msgid "commit '%s' lacks author header"
 msgstr "entête d'auteur manquant dans le commit '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:586
+#: builtin/commit.c:560
 #, c-format
 msgid "commit '%s' has malformed author line"
 msgstr "le commit '%s' a une ligne d'auteur malformée"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:605
+#: builtin/commit.c:579
 msgid "malformed --author parameter"
 msgstr "paramètre --author mal formé"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:613
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid date format: %s"
-msgstr "format de date invalide : %s"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:657
+#: builtin/commit.c:631
 msgid ""
 "unable to select a comment character that is not used\n"
 "in the current commit message"
@@ -4444,43 +7988,38 @@ msgstr ""
 "impossible de sélectionner un caractère de commentaire\n"
 "qui n'est pas utilisé dans le message de validation actuel"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:694 builtin/commit.c:727 builtin/commit.c:1084
+#: builtin/commit.c:668 builtin/commit.c:701 builtin/commit.c:1029
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
 msgstr "impossible de rechercher le commit %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:706 builtin/shortlog.c:273
+#: builtin/commit.c:680 builtin/shortlog.c:316
 #, c-format
 msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
 msgstr "(lecture du message de journal depuis l'entrée standard)\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:708
+#: builtin/commit.c:682
 msgid "could not read log from standard input"
 msgstr "impossible de lire le journal depuis l'entrée standard"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:712
+#: builtin/commit.c:686
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible de lire le fichier de journal '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:734
-msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
-msgstr "impossible de lire MERGE_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:738
+#: builtin/commit.c:715 builtin/commit.c:723
 msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr "impossible de lire SQUASH_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:742
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not read '%s'"
-msgstr "impossible de lire '%s'"
+#: builtin/commit.c:720
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "impossible de lire MERGE_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:789
+#: builtin/commit.c:774
 msgid "could not write commit template"
 msgstr "impossible d'écrire le modèle de commit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:807
+#: builtin/commit.c:792
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -4495,7 +8034,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "et essayez à nouveau.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:812
+#: builtin/commit.c:797
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -4510,7 +8049,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "et essayez à nouveau.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:825
+#: builtin/commit.c:810
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
@@ -4520,7 +8059,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "commençant par '%c' seront ignorées, et un message vide abandonne la "
 "validation.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:832
+#: builtin/commit.c:818
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
@@ -4531,147 +8070,163 @@ msgstr ""
 "commençant par '%c' seront conservées ; vous pouvez les supprimer vous-même\n"
 "si vous le souhaitez. Un message vide abandonne la validation.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:852
+#: builtin/commit.c:835
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sAuthor:    %.*s <%.*s>"
 msgstr "%sAuteur :     %.*s <%.*s>"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:860
+#: builtin/commit.c:843
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sDate:      %s"
 msgstr "%sDate :       %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:867
+#: builtin/commit.c:850
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sCommitter: %.*s <%.*s>"
 msgstr "%sValidateur : %.*s <%.*s>"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:885
+#: builtin/commit.c:867
 msgid "Cannot read index"
 msgstr "Impossible de lire l'index"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:942
+#: builtin/commit.c:933
 msgid "Error building trees"
 msgstr "Erreur lors de la construction des arbres"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:957 builtin/tag.c:495
+#: builtin/commit.c:947 builtin/tag.c:257
 #, c-format
 msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
 msgstr "Veuillez fournir le message en utilisant l'option -m ou -F.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1059
+#: builtin/commit.c:991
 #, c-format
-msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
-msgstr "Aucun auteur existant trouvé avec '%s'"
+msgid "--author '%s' is not 'Name <email>' and matches no existing author"
+msgstr ""
+"--author '%s' n'est pas de la forme 'Nom <email>' ni ne correspond à aucun "
+"auteur existant"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1005
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid ignored mode '%s'"
+msgstr "Mode de fichier ignoré invalide '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1074 builtin/commit.c:1314
+#: builtin/commit.c:1019 builtin/commit.c:1269
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
 msgstr "Mode de fichier non suivi invalide '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1111
+#: builtin/commit.c:1057
 msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
 msgstr "--long et -z sont incompatibles"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1141
+#: builtin/commit.c:1090
 msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
 msgstr "L'utilisation simultanée de --reset-author et --author n'a pas de sens"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1150
+#: builtin/commit.c:1099
 msgid "You have nothing to amend."
 msgstr "Il n'y a rien à corriger."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1153
+#: builtin/commit.c:1102
 msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
 msgstr "Vous êtes en pleine fusion -- impossible de corriger (amend)."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1155
+#: builtin/commit.c:1104
 msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
 msgstr "Vous êtes en plein picorage -- impossible de corriger (amend)."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1158
+#: builtin/commit.c:1107
 msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
 msgstr "Les options --squash et --fixup ne peuvent pas être utilisées ensemble"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1168
+#: builtin/commit.c:1117
 msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
 msgstr "Une seule option parmi -c/-C/-F/--fixup peut être utilisée."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1170
-msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
-msgstr "L'option -m ne peut pas être combinée avec -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+#: builtin/commit.c:1119
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F."
+msgstr "L'option -m ne peut pas être combinée avec -c/-C/-F."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1178
+#: builtin/commit.c:1127
 msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
 msgstr "--reset-author ne peut être utilisé qu'avec -C, -c ou --amend."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1195
+#: builtin/commit.c:1144
 msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
 msgstr ""
 "Une seule option parmi --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch peut "
 "être utilisée."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1197
+#: builtin/commit.c:1146
 msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
 msgstr "Aucun chemin avec les options --include/--only n'a pas de sens."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1199
-msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
-msgstr "Malin... correction du dernier avec un index sale."
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1201
-msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i or -o; assuming --only paths..."
-msgstr "Chemins explicites spécifiés sans -i ni -o ; --only supposé..."
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1213 builtin/tag.c:728
+#: builtin/commit.c:1160 builtin/tag.c:543
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
 msgstr "Mode de nettoyage invalide %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1218
+#: builtin/commit.c:1165
 msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
 msgstr "Spécifier des chemins avec l'option -a n'a pas de sens."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1328 builtin/commit.c:1608
+#: builtin/commit.c:1303 builtin/commit.c:1480
 msgid "show status concisely"
-msgstr "afficher le statut avec concision"
+msgstr "afficher l'état avec concision"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1330 builtin/commit.c:1610
+#: builtin/commit.c:1305 builtin/commit.c:1482
 msgid "show branch information"
 msgstr "afficher l'information de branche"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1332 builtin/commit.c:1612 builtin/push.c:500
+#: builtin/commit.c:1307
+msgid "show stash information"
+msgstr "afficher l'information de remisage"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1309 builtin/commit.c:1484
+msgid "compute full ahead/behind values"
+msgstr "calcule les valeurs complètes en avance/en retard"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1311
+msgid "version"
+msgstr "version"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1311 builtin/commit.c:1486 builtin/push.c:558
+#: builtin/worktree.c:581
 msgid "machine-readable output"
 msgstr "sortie pour traitement automatique"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1335 builtin/commit.c:1614
+#: builtin/commit.c:1314 builtin/commit.c:1488
 msgid "show status in long format (default)"
-msgstr "afficher le statut en format long (par défaut)"
+msgstr "afficher l'état en format long (par défaut)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1338 builtin/commit.c:1617
+#: builtin/commit.c:1317 builtin/commit.c:1491
 msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
 msgstr "terminer les éléments par NUL"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1340 builtin/commit.c:1620 builtin/fast-export.c:980
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:983 builtin/tag.c:603
+#: builtin/commit.c:1319 builtin/commit.c:1323 builtin/commit.c:1494
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1001 builtin/fast-export.c:1004 builtin/tag.c:397
 msgid "mode"
 msgstr "mode"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1341 builtin/commit.c:1620
+#: builtin/commit.c:1320 builtin/commit.c:1494
 msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
 msgstr ""
 "afficher les fichiers non suivis, \"mode\" facultatif : all (tous), normal, "
 "no. (Défaut : all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1344
-msgid "show ignored files"
-msgstr "afficher les fichiers ignorés"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1324
+msgid ""
+"show ignored files, optional modes: traditional, matching, no. (Default: "
+"traditional)"
+msgstr ""
+"afficher les fichiers ignorés, \"mode\" facultatif : traditional "
+"(traditionnel), matching (correspondant), no. (Défaut : traditional)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1345 parse-options.h:153
+#: builtin/commit.c:1326 parse-options.h:167
 msgid "when"
 msgstr "quand"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1346
+#: builtin/commit.c:1327
 msgid ""
 "ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Default: all)"
@@ -4679,209 +8234,197 @@ msgstr ""
 "ignorer les modifications dans les sous-modules, \"quand\" facultatif : all "
 "(tous), dirty (sale), untracked (non suivi). (Défaut : all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1348
+#: builtin/commit.c:1329
 msgid "list untracked files in columns"
 msgstr "afficher les fichiers non suivis en colonnes"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1435
-msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
-msgstr "impossible de retrouver le commit nouvellement créé"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1330
+msgid "do not detect renames"
+msgstr "ne pas détecter les renommages"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1437
-msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
-msgstr "impossible d'analyser le commit nouvellement créé"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1482
-msgid "detached HEAD"
-msgstr "HEAD détachée"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1332
+msgid "detect renames, optionally set similarity index"
+msgstr ""
+"détecter les renommages, en spécifiant optionnellement le facteur de "
+"similarité"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1485
-msgid " (root-commit)"
-msgstr " (commit racine)"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1352
+msgid "Unsupported combination of ignored and untracked-files arguments"
+msgstr ""
+"Combinaison non supportée d'arguments sur les fichiers ignorés et non-suivis"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1578
+#: builtin/commit.c:1450
 msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
 msgstr "supprimer le résumé après une validation réussie"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1579
+#: builtin/commit.c:1451
 msgid "show diff in commit message template"
 msgstr "afficher les diff dans le modèle de message de validation"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1581
+#: builtin/commit.c:1453
 msgid "Commit message options"
 msgstr "Options du message de validation"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1582 builtin/tag.c:601
+#: builtin/commit.c:1454 builtin/tag.c:394
 msgid "read message from file"
 msgstr "lire le message depuis un fichier"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1583
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
 msgid "author"
 msgstr "auteur"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1583
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
 msgid "override author for commit"
 msgstr "remplacer l'auteur pour la validation"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1584 builtin/gc.c:275
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456 builtin/gc.c:501
 msgid "date"
 msgstr "date"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1584
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456
 msgid "override date for commit"
 msgstr "remplacer la date pour la validation"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1585 builtin/merge.c:218 builtin/notes.c:391
-#: builtin/notes.c:554 builtin/tag.c:599
+#: builtin/commit.c:1457 builtin/merge.c:228 builtin/notes.c:402
+#: builtin/notes.c:565 builtin/tag.c:392
 msgid "message"
 msgstr "message"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1585
+#: builtin/commit.c:1457
 msgid "commit message"
 msgstr "message de validation"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1586
+#: builtin/commit.c:1458 builtin/commit.c:1459 builtin/commit.c:1460
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461 parse-options.h:270 ref-filter.h:92
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1458
 msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
 msgstr "réutiliser et éditer le message du commit spécifié"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1587
+#: builtin/commit.c:1459
 msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
 msgstr "réutiliser le message du commit spécifié"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1588
+#: builtin/commit.c:1460
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 "utiliser un message au format autosquash pour corriger le commit spécifié"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1589
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 "utiliser un message au format autosquash pour compresser le commit spécifié"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+#: builtin/commit.c:1462
 msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
 msgstr ""
 "à présent je suis l'auteur de la validation (utilisé avec -C/-c/--amend)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1591 builtin/log.c:1191 builtin/revert.c:86
+#: builtin/commit.c:1463 builtin/log.c:1446 builtin/merge.c:242
+#: builtin/pull.c:154 builtin/revert.c:105
 msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
 msgstr "ajouter une entrée Signed-off-by :"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1592
+#: builtin/commit.c:1464
 msgid "use specified template file"
 msgstr "utiliser le fichier de modèle spécifié"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1593
+#: builtin/commit.c:1465
 msgid "force edit of commit"
 msgstr "forcer l'édition du commit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1594
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466
 msgid "default"
 msgstr "défaut"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1594 builtin/tag.c:604
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466 builtin/tag.c:398
 msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
 msgstr "comment éliminer les espaces et les commentaires # du message"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1595
+#: builtin/commit.c:1467
 msgid "include status in commit message template"
-msgstr "inclure le statut dans le modèle de message de validation"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1596 builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/revert.c:92
-#: builtin/tag.c:605
-msgid "key-id"
-msgstr "id de clé"
+msgstr "inclure l'état dans le modèle de message de validation"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1597 builtin/merge.c:226 builtin/revert.c:93
+#: builtin/commit.c:1469 builtin/merge.c:240 builtin/pull.c:184
+#: builtin/revert.c:113
 msgid "GPG sign commit"
 msgstr "signer la validation avec GPG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1600
+#: builtin/commit.c:1472
 msgid "Commit contents options"
 msgstr "Valider les options des contenus"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1601
+#: builtin/commit.c:1473
 msgid "commit all changed files"
 msgstr "valider tous les fichiers modifiés"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1602
+#: builtin/commit.c:1474
 msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
 msgstr "ajouter les fichiers spécifiés à l'index pour la validation"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1603
+#: builtin/commit.c:1475
 msgid "interactively add files"
 msgstr "ajouter des fichiers en mode interactif"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1604
+#: builtin/commit.c:1476
 msgid "interactively add changes"
 msgstr "ajouter les modifications en mode interactif"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1605
+#: builtin/commit.c:1477
 msgid "commit only specified files"
 msgstr "valider seulement les fichiers spécifiés"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1606
-msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
-msgstr "éviter d'utiliser le crochet pre-commit"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1478
+msgid "bypass pre-commit and commit-msg hooks"
+msgstr "éviter d'utiliser les crochets pre-commit et commit-msg"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1607
+#: builtin/commit.c:1479
 msgid "show what would be committed"
 msgstr "afficher ce qui serait validé"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1618
+#: builtin/commit.c:1492
 msgid "amend previous commit"
 msgstr "corriger la validation précédente"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1619
+#: builtin/commit.c:1493
 msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
 msgstr "éviter d'utiliser le crochet post-rewrite"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1624
+#: builtin/commit.c:1498
 msgid "ok to record an empty change"
 msgstr "accepter d'enregistrer une modification vide"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1626
+#: builtin/commit.c:1500
 msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
 msgstr "accepter d'enregistrer une modification avec un message vide"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1655
-msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
-msgstr "impossible d'analyser le commit HEAD"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1694 builtin/merge.c:519
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
-msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir '%s' en lecture"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1701
+#: builtin/commit.c:1573
 #, c-format
 msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
 msgstr "Fichier MERGE_HEAD corrompu (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1708
+#: builtin/commit.c:1580
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
 msgstr "impossible de lire MERGE_MODE"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1727
+#: builtin/commit.c:1599
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
 msgstr "impossible de lire le message de validation : %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1738
-#, c-format
-msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
-msgstr "Abandon de la validation ; vous n'avez pas édité le message\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1743
+#: builtin/commit.c:1610
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
-msgstr "Abandon de la validation du à un message de validation vide\n"
+msgstr "Abandon de la validation dû à un message de validation vide.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1758 builtin/merge.c:851 builtin/merge.c:876
-msgid "failed to write commit object"
-msgstr "échec de l'écriture de l'objet commit"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1615
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
+msgstr "Abandon de la validation ; vous n'avez pas édité le message\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1791
+#: builtin/commit.c:1650
 msgid ""
 "Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
 "new_index file. Check that disk is not full and quota is\n"
@@ -4891,212 +8434,312 @@ msgstr ""
 "new_index. Vérifiez que le disque n'est pas plein ou que le quota\n"
 "n'a pas été dépassé, puis lancez \"git reset HEAD\" pour réparer."
 
-#: builtin/config.c:8
-msgid "git config [options]"
-msgstr "git config [options]"
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:9
+msgid "git commit-graph [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+msgstr "git commit-graph [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:10 builtin/commit-graph.c:16
+msgid "git commit-graph read [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+msgstr "git commit-graph read [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:11 builtin/commit-graph.c:21
+msgid ""
+"git commit-graph write [--object-dir <objdir>] [--append] [--stdin-packs|--"
+"stdin-commits]"
+msgstr ""
+"git commit-graph write [--object-dir <objdir>] [--append] [--stdin-packs|--"
+"stdin-commits]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:39 builtin/commit-graph.c:92
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:147 builtin/fetch.c:161 builtin/log.c:1466
+msgid "dir"
+msgstr "répertoire"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:40 builtin/commit-graph.c:93
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:148
+msgid "The object directory to store the graph"
+msgstr "Le répertoire d'objet où stocker le graphe"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:95
+msgid "scan pack-indexes listed by stdin for commits"
+msgstr "scanner les index compactés listés sur stdin à la recherche de commits"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:97
+msgid "start walk at commits listed by stdin"
+msgstr "commencer le parcours aux commits listés sur stdin"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:99
+msgid "include all commits already in the commit-graph file"
+msgstr ""
+"inclure tous les commits déjà présents dans le fichier de graphe de commits"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:108
+msgid "cannot use both --stdin-commits and --stdin-packs"
+msgstr "impossible d'utiliser à la fois --stdin-commits et --stdin-packs"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:53
+#: builtin/config.c:10
+msgid "git config [<options>]"
+msgstr "git config [<options>]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:101
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized --type argument, %s"
+msgstr "argument --type non reconnu, %s"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:123
 msgid "Config file location"
 msgstr "Emplacement du fichier de configuration"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:54
+#: builtin/config.c:124
 msgid "use global config file"
 msgstr "utiliser les fichier de configuration global"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:55
+#: builtin/config.c:125
 msgid "use system config file"
 msgstr "utiliser le fichier de configuration du système"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:56
+#: builtin/config.c:126
 msgid "use repository config file"
 msgstr "utiliser le fichier de configuration du dépôt"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:57
+#: builtin/config.c:127
 msgid "use given config file"
 msgstr "utiliser le fichier de configuration spécifié"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:58
+#: builtin/config.c:128
 msgid "blob-id"
 msgstr "blob-id"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:58
+#: builtin/config.c:128
 msgid "read config from given blob object"
 msgstr "lire la configuration depuis l'objet blob fourni"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:59
+#: builtin/config.c:129
 msgid "Action"
 msgstr "Action"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:60
+#: builtin/config.c:130
 msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "obtenir la valeur : nom [regex-de-valeur]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:61
+#: builtin/config.c:131
 msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
-msgstr "obtenir toutes le valeurs : clé [regex-de-valeur]"
+msgstr "obtenir toutes les valeurs : clé [regex-de-valeur]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:62
+#: builtin/config.c:132
 msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
 msgstr "obtenir les valeur pour la regexp : regex-de-nom [regex-de-valeur]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:63
+#: builtin/config.c:133
 msgid "get value specific for the URL: section[.var] URL"
 msgstr "obtenir la valeur spécifique pour l'URL : section[.var] URL"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:64
+#: builtin/config.c:134
 msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
 msgstr ""
 "remplacer toutes les variables correspondant : nom valeur [regex-de-valeur]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:65
+#: builtin/config.c:135
 msgid "add a new variable: name value"
 msgstr "ajouter une nouvelle variable : nom valeur"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:66
+#: builtin/config.c:136
 msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "supprimer une variable : nom [regex-de-valeur]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:67
+#: builtin/config.c:137
 msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "supprimer toutes les correspondances nom [regex-de-valeur]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:68
+#: builtin/config.c:138
 msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
 msgstr "renommer une section : ancien-nom nouveau-nom"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:69
+#: builtin/config.c:139
 msgid "remove a section: name"
 msgstr "supprimer une section : nom"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:70
+#: builtin/config.c:140
 msgid "list all"
 msgstr "afficher tout"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:71
+#: builtin/config.c:141
 msgid "open an editor"
 msgstr "ouvrir un éditeur"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:72
+#: builtin/config.c:142
 msgid "find the color configured: slot [default]"
 msgstr "trouver la couleur configurée : slot [par défaut]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:73
+#: builtin/config.c:143
 msgid "find the color setting: slot [stdout-is-tty]"
 msgstr "trouver le réglage de la couleur : slot [stdout-est-tty]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:74
+#: builtin/config.c:144
 msgid "Type"
 msgstr "Type"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:75
+#: builtin/config.c:145
+msgid "value is given this type"
+msgstr "ce type est assigné à la valeur"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:146
 msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
 msgstr "la valeur est \"true\" (vrai) ou \"false\" (faux)"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:76
+#: builtin/config.c:147
 msgid "value is decimal number"
 msgstr "la valeur est un nombre décimal"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:77
+#: builtin/config.c:148
 msgid "value is --bool or --int"
 msgstr "la valeur est --bool ou --int"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:78
+#: builtin/config.c:149
 msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
 msgstr "la valeur est un chemin (vers un fichier ou un répertoire)"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:79
+#: builtin/config.c:150
+msgid "value is an expiry date"
+msgstr "la valeur est une date d'expiration"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:151
 msgid "Other"
 msgstr "Autre"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:80
+#: builtin/config.c:152
 msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
 msgstr "terminer les valeurs avec un caractère NUL"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:81
+#: builtin/config.c:153
+msgid "show variable names only"
+msgstr "n'afficher que les noms de variable"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:154
 msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
 msgstr "respecter les directives d'inclusion lors de la recherche"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:316
+#: builtin/config.c:155
+msgid "show origin of config (file, standard input, blob, command line)"
+msgstr ""
+"afficher l'origine de la configuration (fichier, entrée standard, blob, "
+"ligne de commande)"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:156
+msgid "value"
+msgstr "valeur"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:156
+msgid "with --get, use default value when missing entry"
+msgstr "avec --get, utiliser le valeur par défaut quand l'entrée n'existe pas"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:332
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to format default config value: %s"
+msgstr "échec du formatage de la valeur de config par défaut : %s"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:431
 msgid "unable to parse default color value"
 msgstr "impossible de lire la valeur de couleur par défaut"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:457
+#: builtin/config.c:575
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "# This is Git's per-user configuration file.\n"
-"[core]\n"
+"[user]\n"
 "# Please adapt and uncomment the following lines:\n"
-"#\tuser = %s\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
 "#\temail = %s\n"
 msgstr ""
-"# Ceci est le fichier de configuration personnel.\n"
-"[core]\n"
+"# Ceci est le fichier de configuration personnel de Git.\n"
+"[user]\n"
 "# Veuillez adapter et décommenter les lignes suivantes :\n"
-"#\tuser = %s\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
 "#\temail = %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:589
+#: builtin/config.c:603
+msgid "--local can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr "--local ne peut être utilisé qu'à l'intérieur d'un dépôt git"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:606
+msgid "--blob can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr "--blob ne peut être utilisé qu'à l'intérieur d'un dépôt git"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:735
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot create configuration file %s"
 msgstr "création impossible du fichier de configuration '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:55
+#: builtin/config.c:748
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"cannot overwrite multiple values with a single value\n"
+"       Use a regexp, --add or --replace-all to change %s."
+msgstr ""
+"impossible de surcharger des valeurs multiples avec une seule valeur\n"
+"       Utilisez une regexp, --add ou --replace-all pour modifier %s."
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:90
 msgid "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
 msgstr "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:65
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:100
 msgid "print sizes in human readable format"
 msgstr "affiche les tailles dans un format humainement lisible"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:17
-msgid "git describe [options] <commit-ish>*"
-msgstr "git describe [options] <commit ou apparenté>*"
+#: builtin/describe.c:22
+msgid "git describe [<options>] [<commit-ish>...]"
+msgstr "git describe [<options>] <commit ou apparenté>*"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:18
-msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
-msgstr "git describe [options] --dirty"
+#: builtin/describe.c:23
+msgid "git describe [<options>] --dirty"
+msgstr "git describe [<options>] --dirty"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:217
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "head"
+msgstr "tête"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "lightweight"
+msgstr "léger"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "annotated"
+msgstr "annoté"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
 msgstr "l'étiquette annotée %s n'est pas disponible"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:221
+#: builtin/describe.c:271
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
 msgstr "l'étiquette annotée %s n'a pas de nom embarqué"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:223
+#: builtin/describe.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
 msgstr "l'étiquette '%s' est en fait '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:250 builtin/log.c:452
-#, c-format
-msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
-msgstr "%s n'est pas un nom d'objet valide"
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:253
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
-msgstr "%s n'est pas un objet '%s' valide"
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#: builtin/describe.c:317
 #, c-format
 msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
 msgstr "aucune étiquette ne correspond parfaitement à '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:272
+#: builtin/describe.c:319
 #, c-format
-msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
-msgstr "recherche de la description de %s\n"
+msgid "No exact match on refs or tags, searching to describe\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Pas de correspondance exacte sur des réfs ou des étiquettes, recherche par "
+"describe\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:319
+#: builtin/describe.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "finished search at %s\n"
 msgstr "recherche terminée à %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:346
+#: builtin/describe.c:392
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
@@ -5105,7 +8748,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Aucune étiquette annotée ne peut décrire '%s'.\n"
 "Cependant, il existe des étiquettes non-annotées : essayez avec --tags."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:350
+#: builtin/describe.c:396
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
@@ -5114,12 +8757,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "Aucune étiquette ne peut décrire '%s'.\n"
 "Essayez --always, ou créez des étiquettes."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:371
+#: builtin/describe.c:426
 #, c-format
 msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
 msgstr "%lu commits parcourus\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:374
+#: builtin/describe.c:429
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
@@ -5129,323 +8772,474 @@ msgstr ""
 "affichées\n"
 "abandon de la recherche à %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:396
+#: builtin/describe.c:497
+#, c-format
+msgid "describe %s\n"
+msgstr "décrire %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:500 builtin/log.c:502
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr "%s n'est pas un nom d'objet valide"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:508
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is neither a commit nor blob"
+msgstr "%s n'est ni un commit ni un blob"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:522
 msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
 msgstr "rechercher l'étiquette qui suit le commit"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:397
+#: builtin/describe.c:523
 msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
 msgstr "déboguer la stratégie de recherche sur stderr"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:398
+#: builtin/describe.c:524
 msgid "use any ref"
 msgstr "utiliser n'importe quelle référence"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:399
+#: builtin/describe.c:525
 msgid "use any tag, even unannotated"
 msgstr "utiliser n'importe quelle étiquette, même non-annotée"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:400
+#: builtin/describe.c:526
 msgid "always use long format"
 msgstr "toujours utiliser le format long"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:401
+#: builtin/describe.c:527
 msgid "only follow first parent"
 msgstr "ne suivre que le premier parent"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:404
+#: builtin/describe.c:530
 msgid "only output exact matches"
 msgstr "n'afficher que les correspondances exactes"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:406
+#: builtin/describe.c:532
 msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
 msgstr ""
 "considérer uniquement les <n> étiquettes le plus récentes (défaut : 10)"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:408
+#: builtin/describe.c:534
 msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
 msgstr "ne considérer que les étiquettes correspondant à <motif>"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:410 builtin/name-rev.c:318
+#: builtin/describe.c:536
+msgid "do not consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "ne pas considérer les étiquettes correspondant à <motif>"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:538 builtin/name-rev.c:406
 msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
 msgstr "afficher les objets commits abrégés en dernier recours"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:411
+#: builtin/describe.c:539 builtin/describe.c:542
 msgid "mark"
 msgstr "marque"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:412
+#: builtin/describe.c:540
 msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
 msgstr "ajouter <marque> si la copie de travail est sale (défaut : \"-dirty\")"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:430
+#: builtin/describe.c:543
+msgid "append <mark> on broken working tree (default: \"-broken\")"
+msgstr ""
+"ajouter <marque> si la copie de travail est cassée (défaut : \"-broken\")"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:561
 msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
 msgstr "--long et --abbrev=0 sont incompatibles"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:456
+#: builtin/describe.c:590
 msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
 msgstr "aucun nom trouvé, impossible de décrire quoi que ce soit."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:476
+#: builtin/describe.c:640
 msgid "--dirty is incompatible with commit-ishes"
 msgstr "--dirty est incompatible avec la spécification de commits ou assimilés"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:86
+#: builtin/describe.c:642
+msgid "--broken is incompatible with commit-ishes"
+msgstr "--broken est incompatible avec les commits ou assimilés"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
 msgstr "'%s' : n'est pas un fichier régulier ni un lien symbolique"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:237
+#: builtin/diff.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid option: %s"
 msgstr "option invalide : %s"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:358
+#: builtin/diff.c:356
 msgid "Not a git repository"
 msgstr "Ce n'est pas un dépôt git !"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:401
+#: builtin/diff.c:399
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
 msgstr "objet spécifié '%s' invalide."
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:410
+#: builtin/diff.c:408
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
 msgstr "plus de deux blobs spécifiés : '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:417
+#: builtin/diff.c:413
 #, c-format
 msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
 msgstr "objet non géré '%s' spécifié."
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:24
+#: builtin/difftool.c:29
+msgid "git difftool [<options>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git difftool [<options>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<chemin>...]"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:259
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed: %d"
+msgstr "échec : %d"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink %s"
+msgstr "lecture du lien symbolique %s impossible"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink file %s"
+msgstr "impossible de lire le fichier symlink %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:311
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read object %s for symlink %s"
+msgstr "Impossible de lire l'objet %s pour le symlink %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:412
+msgid ""
+"combined diff formats('-c' and '--cc') are not supported in\n"
+"directory diff mode('-d' and '--dir-diff')."
+msgstr ""
+"les formats de diff combinés ('-c' et '--cc') ne sont pas supportés\n"
+"dans le mode de diff de répertoire ('-d' et '--dir-diff')."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "both files modified: '%s' and '%s'."
+msgstr "les deux fichiers sont modifiés : '%s' et '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:634
+msgid "working tree file has been left."
+msgstr "le fichier dans l'arbre de travail a été laissé."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:645
+#, c-format
+msgid "temporary files exist in '%s'."
+msgstr "des fichiers temporaires existent dans '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:646
+msgid "you may want to cleanup or recover these."
+msgstr "vous pourriez souhaiter les nettoyer ou les récupérer."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:695
+msgid "use `diff.guitool` instead of `diff.tool`"
+msgstr "utiliser `diff.guitool` au lieu de `diff.tool`"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:697
+msgid "perform a full-directory diff"
+msgstr "réalise un diff de répertoire complet"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:699
+msgid "do not prompt before launching a diff tool"
+msgstr "ne pas confirmer avant de lancer l'outil de diff"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:704
+msgid "use symlinks in dir-diff mode"
+msgstr "utiliser les liens symboliques en mode de diff de répertoire"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:705
+msgid "<tool>"
+msgstr "<outil>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:706
+msgid "use the specified diff tool"
+msgstr "utiliser l'outil de diff spécifié"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:708
+msgid "print a list of diff tools that may be used with `--tool`"
+msgstr "afficher une liste des outils de diff utilisables avec `--tool`"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:711
+msgid ""
+"make 'git-difftool' exit when an invoked diff tool returns a non - zero exit "
+"code"
+msgstr ""
+"provoque la fin de 'git-difftool' si l'outil de diff invoqué renvoie un code "
+"non-nul"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:713
+msgid "<command>"
+msgstr "<commande>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:714
+msgid "specify a custom command for viewing diffs"
+msgstr "spécifier une commande personnalisée pour visualiser les différences"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:738
+msgid "no <tool> given for --tool=<tool>"
+msgstr "pas d'<outil> spécifié pour --tool=<outil>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:745
+msgid "no <cmd> given for --extcmd=<cmd>"
+msgstr "pas de <commande> spécifié pour --extcmd=<commande>"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:27
 msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 msgstr "git fast-export [options-de-liste-de-révisions]"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:979
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1000
 msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
 msgstr "afficher la progression après <n> objets"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:981
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1002
 msgid "select handling of signed tags"
 msgstr "sélectionner la gestion des étiquettes signées"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:984
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1005
 msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
 msgstr ""
 "sélectionner la gestion des étiquettes qui pointent sur des objets filtrés"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:987
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1008
 msgid "Dump marks to this file"
 msgstr "Enregistrer les marques dans ce fichier"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:989
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1010
 msgid "Import marks from this file"
 msgstr "importer les marques depuis ce fichier"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:991
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1012
 msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
 msgstr "falsifier un auteur d'étiquette si l'étiquette n'en présente pas"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:993
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1014
 msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
 msgstr "Afficher l'arbre complet pour chaque commit"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:995
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1016
 msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
 msgstr "Utiliser la fonction \"done\" pour terminer le flux"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:996
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1017
 msgid "Skip output of blob data"
 msgstr "Sauter l'affichage de données de blob"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:997
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1018
 msgid "refspec"
 msgstr "spécificateur de référence"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:998
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1019
 msgid "Apply refspec to exported refs"
 msgstr "Appliquer le spécificateur de référence aux références exportées"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:999
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1020
 msgid "anonymize output"
 msgstr "anonymise la sortie"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:20
+#: builtin/fetch.c:26
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
 msgstr "git fetch [<options>] [<dépôt> [<spécification-de-référence>...]]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:21
+#: builtin/fetch.c:27
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
 msgstr "git fetch [<options>] <groupe>"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:22
+#: builtin/fetch.c:28
 msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
 msgstr "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<dépôt> | <groupe>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:23
+#: builtin/fetch.c:29
 msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
 msgstr "git fetch --all [<options>]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:90
+#: builtin/fetch.c:123 builtin/pull.c:193
 msgid "fetch from all remotes"
-msgstr "récupérer depuis tous le dépôts distants"
+msgstr "récupérer depuis tous les dépôts distants"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:92
+#: builtin/fetch.c:125 builtin/pull.c:196
 msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
 msgstr "ajouter à .git/FETCH_HEAD au lieu de l'écraser"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:94
+#: builtin/fetch.c:127 builtin/pull.c:199
 msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
 msgstr "chemin vers lequel télécharger le paquet sur le poste distant"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:95
+#: builtin/fetch.c:128 builtin/pull.c:201
 msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
 msgstr "forcer l'écrasement de la branche locale"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:97
+#: builtin/fetch.c:130
 msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
 msgstr "récupérer depuis plusieurs dépôts distants"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:99
+#: builtin/fetch.c:132 builtin/pull.c:203
 msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
 msgstr "récupérer toutes les étiquettes et leurs objets associés"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:101
+#: builtin/fetch.c:134
 msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
 msgstr "ne pas récupérer toutes les étiquettes (--no-tags)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:103
+#: builtin/fetch.c:136
+msgid "number of submodules fetched in parallel"
+msgstr "nombre de sous-modules récupérés en parallèle"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:138 builtin/pull.c:206
 msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
 msgstr ""
 "éliminer les branches de suivi distant si la branche n'existe plus dans le "
 "dépôt distant"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:104
+#: builtin/fetch.c:140
+msgid "prune local tags no longer on remote and clobber changed tags"
+msgstr ""
+"éliminer les étiquettes locales qui ont disparu du dépôt distant et qui "
+"encombrent les étiquettes modifiées"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:141 builtin/fetch.c:164 builtin/pull.c:131
 msgid "on-demand"
 msgstr "à la demande"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:105
+#: builtin/fetch.c:142
 msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
 msgstr "contrôler la récupération récursive dans les sous-modules"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:109
+#: builtin/fetch.c:146 builtin/pull.c:214
 msgid "keep downloaded pack"
 msgstr "conserver le paquet téléchargé"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:111
+#: builtin/fetch.c:148
 msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
 msgstr "permettre la mise à jour de la référence HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:114
+#: builtin/fetch.c:151 builtin/fetch.c:157 builtin/pull.c:217
 msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
 msgstr "approfondir l'historique d'un clone superficiel"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:116
+#: builtin/fetch.c:153
+msgid "deepen history of shallow repository based on time"
+msgstr "approfondir l'historique d'un clone superficiel en fonction d'une date"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:159 builtin/pull.c:220
 msgid "convert to a complete repository"
 msgstr "convertir en un dépôt complet"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:118 builtin/log.c:1208
-msgid "dir"
-msgstr "dir"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:119
+#: builtin/fetch.c:162
 msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
 msgstr "préfixer ceci à la sortie du chemin du sous-module"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:122
-msgid "default mode for recursion"
-msgstr "mode par défaut pour la récursion"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:165
+msgid ""
+"default for recursive fetching of submodules (lower priority than config "
+"files)"
+msgstr ""
+"par défaut pour la récupération récursive de sous-modules (priorité plus "
+"basse que les fichiers de config)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:124
+#: builtin/fetch.c:169 builtin/pull.c:223
 msgid "accept refs that update .git/shallow"
 msgstr "accepter les références qui mettent à jour .git/shallow"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:125
+#: builtin/fetch.c:170 builtin/pull.c:225
 msgid "refmap"
 msgstr "correspondance de référence"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:126
+#: builtin/fetch.c:171 builtin/pull.c:226
 msgid "specify fetch refmap"
 msgstr "spécifier une correspondance de référence pour la récupération"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:376
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/ls-remote.c:77 builtin/push.c:582
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:172
+msgid "server-specific"
+msgstr "spécifique au serveur"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/ls-remote.c:77 builtin/push.c:582
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:173
+msgid "option to transmit"
+msgstr "option à transmettre"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:442
 msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
 msgstr "impossible de trouver la référence HEAD distante"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:454
+#: builtin/fetch.c:560
+#, c-format
+msgid "configuration fetch.output contains invalid value %s"
+msgstr ""
+"le paramètre de configuration fetch.output contient une valeur invalide %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:653
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s not found"
 msgstr "objet %s non trouvé"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:459
+#: builtin/fetch.c:657
 msgid "[up to date]"
 msgstr "[à jour]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:473
-#, c-format
-msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
-msgstr "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (impossible de récupérer la branche actuelle)"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:474 builtin/fetch.c:560
+#: builtin/fetch.c:670 builtin/fetch.c:750
 msgid "[rejected]"
 msgstr "[rejeté]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:485
+#: builtin/fetch.c:671
+msgid "can't fetch in current branch"
+msgstr "impossible de récupérer dans la branche actuelle"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:680
 msgid "[tag update]"
 msgstr "[mise à jour de l'étiquette]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:487 builtin/fetch.c:522 builtin/fetch.c:540
-msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
-msgstr "  (impossible de mettre à jour la référence locale)"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:681 builtin/fetch.c:714 builtin/fetch.c:730
+#: builtin/fetch.c:745
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr "impossible de mettre à jour la référence locale"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:505
+#: builtin/fetch.c:700
 msgid "[new tag]"
 msgstr "[nouvelle étiquette]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:508
+#: builtin/fetch.c:703
 msgid "[new branch]"
 msgstr "[nouvelle branche]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:511
+#: builtin/fetch.c:706
 msgid "[new ref]"
 msgstr "[nouvelle référence]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:556
-msgid "unable to update local ref"
-msgstr "impossible de mettre à jour la référence locale"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:556
+#: builtin/fetch.c:745
 msgid "forced update"
 msgstr "mise à jour forcée"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:562
-msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
-msgstr "(pas d'avance rapide)"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:595 builtin/fetch.c:828
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
-msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir %s : %s\n"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:750
+msgid "non-fast-forward"
+msgstr "pas en avance rapide"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:604
+#: builtin/fetch.c:795
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
 msgstr "%s n'a pas envoyé tous les objets nécessaires\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:622
+#: builtin/fetch.c:815
 #, c-format
 msgid "reject %s because shallow roots are not allowed to be updated"
 msgstr ""
 "%s rejeté parce que les racines superficielles ne sont pas mises à jour"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:710 builtin/fetch.c:793
+#: builtin/fetch.c:903 builtin/fetch.c:999
 #, c-format
 msgid "From %.*s\n"
 msgstr "Depuis %.*s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:721
+#: builtin/fetch.c:914
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
@@ -5454,55 +9248,57 @@ msgstr ""
 "des références locales n'ont pas pu être mises à jour ; essayez de lancer\n"
 " 'git remote prune %s' pour supprimer des branches anciennes en conflit"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:773
+#: builtin/fetch.c:969
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (%s sera en suspens)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:774
+#: builtin/fetch.c:970
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (%s est devenu en suspens)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:798
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1002
 msgid "[deleted]"
 msgstr "[supprimé]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:799 builtin/remote.c:1060
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1003 builtin/remote.c:1033
 msgid "(none)"
 msgstr "(aucun(e))"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:818
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1026
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
 msgstr "Refus de récupérer dans la branche courant %s d'un dépôt non nu"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:837
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1045
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
 msgstr "La valeur \"%2$s\" de l'option \"%1$s\" est invalide pour %3$s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:840
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1048
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
 msgstr "L'option \"%s\" est ignorée pour %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:896
-#, c-format
-msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
-msgstr "Je ne sais pas récupérer depuis %s"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1058
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "Fetching %s\n"
 msgstr "Récupération de %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1060 builtin/remote.c:90
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1289 builtin/remote.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not fetch %s"
 msgstr "Impossible de récupérer %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1078
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1335 builtin/fetch.c:1503
+msgid ""
+"--filter can only be used with the remote configured in core.partialClone"
+msgstr ""
+"--filter ne peut être utilisé qu'avec le dépôt distant configuré dans core."
+"partialClone"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1358
 msgid ""
 "No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
 "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
@@ -5510,220 +9306,272 @@ msgstr ""
 "Aucun dépôt distant spécifié. Veuillez spécifier une URL ou un nom\n"
 "distant depuis lesquels les nouvelles révisions devraient être récupérées."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1101
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1395
 msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
 msgstr "Vous devez spécifier un nom d'étiquette."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1143
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1444
+msgid "Negative depth in --deepen is not supported"
+msgstr "Une profondeur négative dans --deepen n'est pas supportée"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1446
+msgid "--deepen and --depth are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "--deepen et --depth sont mutuellement exclusifs"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1451
 msgid "--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"
 msgstr "--depth et --unshallow ne peuvent pas être utilisés ensemble"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1145
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1453
 msgid "--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"
 msgstr "--unshallow sur un dépôt complet n'a pas de sens"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1168
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1469
 msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
 msgstr "fetch --all n'accepte pas d'argument de dépôt"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1170
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1471
 msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
 msgstr "fetch --all n'a pas de sens avec des spécifications de référence"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1181
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1480
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
 msgstr "distant ou groupe distant inexistant : %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1189
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1487
 msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
 msgstr ""
 "La récupération d'un groupe et les spécifications de référence n'ont pas de "
 "sens"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:13
-msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <file>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <fichier>]"
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <fichier>]"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665 builtin/grep.c:698
-#: builtin/merge.c:198 builtin/repack.c:178 builtin/repack.c:182
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:657 builtin/show-ref.c:178 builtin/tag.c:590
-#: parse-options.h:132 parse-options.h:239
-msgid "n"
-msgstr "n"
-
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:663
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
 msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
 msgstr "peupler le journal avec au plus <n> éléments depuis le journal court"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
 msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
 msgstr "alias pour --log (obsolète)"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:672
 msgid "text"
 msgstr "texte"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:670
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:673
 msgid "use <text> as start of message"
 msgstr "utiliser <texte> comme début de message"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:671
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:674
 msgid "file to read from"
 msgstr "fichier d'où lire"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:676
-msgid "unable to parse format"
-msgstr "impossible d'analyser le format"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:10
+msgid "git for-each-ref [<options>] [<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [<options>] [<motif>]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:11
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--points-at <object>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--point-at <objet>]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:12
+msgid "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1064
-msgid "git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]"
-msgstr "git for-each-ref [options] [<motif>]"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:13
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--contains [<commit>]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--contains [<commit>]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1079
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:28
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
 msgstr "échapper les champs réservés pour les interpréteurs de commandes"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1081
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:30
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
 msgstr "échapper les champs réservés pour perl"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1083
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:32
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
 msgstr "échapper les champs réservés pour python"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1085
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:34
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for Tcl"
 msgstr "échapper les champs réservés pour compatibilité avec Tcl"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1088
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:37
 msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
 msgstr "n'afficher que <n> références correspondant"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1089 builtin/replace.c:438
-msgid "format"
-msgstr "format"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:39 builtin/tag.c:421
+msgid "respect format colors"
+msgstr "respecter les couleurs de formatage"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1089
-msgid "format to use for the output"
-msgstr "format à utiliser pour la sortie"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:43
+msgid "print only refs which points at the given object"
+msgstr "afficher seulement les références pointant sur l'objet"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1090
-msgid "key"
-msgstr "clé"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:45
+msgid "print only refs that are merged"
+msgstr "afficher seulement les références qui sont fusionnées"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1091
-msgid "field name to sort on"
-msgstr "nom du champ servant à trier"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:46
+msgid "print only refs that are not merged"
+msgstr "afficher seulement les références qui ne sont pas fusionnées"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:147 builtin/prune.c:136
-msgid "Checking connectivity"
-msgstr "Vérification de la connectivité"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:47
+msgid "print only refs which contain the commit"
+msgstr "afficher seulement les références qui contiennent le commit"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:48
+msgid "print only refs which don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "afficher seulement les références qui ne contiennent pas le commit"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:540
+#: builtin/fsck.c:569
 msgid "Checking object directories"
 msgstr "Vérification des répertoires d'objet"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:603
-msgid "git fsck [options] [<object>...]"
-msgstr "git fsck [options] [<objet>...]"
+#: builtin/fsck.c:661
+msgid "git fsck [<options>] [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git fsck [<options>] [<objet>...]"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:609
+#: builtin/fsck.c:667
 msgid "show unreachable objects"
 msgstr "afficher les objets inaccessibles"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:610
+#: builtin/fsck.c:668
 msgid "show dangling objects"
 msgstr "afficher les objets en suspens"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:611
+#: builtin/fsck.c:669
 msgid "report tags"
 msgstr "afficher les étiquettes"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:612
+#: builtin/fsck.c:670
 msgid "report root nodes"
 msgstr "signaler les nœuds racines"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:613
+#: builtin/fsck.c:671
 msgid "make index objects head nodes"
 msgstr "considérer les objets de l'index comme nœuds tête"
 
 # translated from man page
-#: builtin/fsck.c:614
+#: builtin/fsck.c:672
 msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
 msgstr "considérer les reflogs comme nœuds tête (par défaut)"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:615
+#: builtin/fsck.c:673
 msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
 msgstr "inspecter aussi les objets pack et alternatifs"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:616
+#: builtin/fsck.c:674
+msgid "check only connectivity"
+msgstr "ne vérifier que la connectivité"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:675
 msgid "enable more strict checking"
 msgstr "activer une vérification plus strict"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:618
+#: builtin/fsck.c:677
 msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
 msgstr "écrire les objets en suspens dans .git/lost-found"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:619 builtin/prune.c:108
+#: builtin/fsck.c:678 builtin/prune.c:109
 msgid "show progress"
 msgstr "afficher la progression"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:669
+#: builtin/fsck.c:679
+msgid "show verbose names for reachable objects"
+msgstr "afficher les noms étendus pour les objets inaccessibles"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:745
 msgid "Checking objects"
 msgstr "Vérification des objets"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:24
-msgid "git gc [options]"
-msgstr "git gc [options]"
+#: builtin/gc.c:33
+msgid "git gc [<options>]"
+msgstr "git gc [<options>]"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fstat %s: %s"
+msgstr "Échec du stat de %s : %s"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:79
+#: builtin/gc.c:452
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid gc.pruneexpire: '%s'"
-msgstr "gc.pruneexpire invalide : '%s'"
+msgid "Can't stat %s"
+msgstr "impossible de faire un stat de %s"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:107
+#: builtin/gc.c:461
 #, c-format
-msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
-msgstr "objet répertoire démentiellement long %.*s"
+msgid ""
+"The last gc run reported the following. Please correct the root cause\n"
+"and remove %s.\n"
+"Automatic cleanup will not be performed until the file is removed.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Le dernier lancement de gc a rapporté l'erreur suivante. Veuillez corriger\n"
+"la cause et supprimer %s.\n"
+"Le nettoyage automatique n'aura pas lieu jusqu'à ce que le fichier soit "
+"supprimé.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:276
+#: builtin/gc.c:502
 msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
 msgstr "éliminer les objets non référencés"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:278
+#: builtin/gc.c:504
 msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
 msgstr "être plus consciencieux (durée de traitement allongée)"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:279
+#: builtin/gc.c:505
 msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
 msgstr "activer le mode auto-gc"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:280
+#: builtin/gc.c:508
 msgid "force running gc even if there may be another gc running"
 msgstr ""
 "forcer le lancement du ramasse-miettes même si un autre ramasse-miettes "
 "tourne déjà"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:321
+#: builtin/gc.c:511
+msgid "repack all other packs except the largest pack"
+msgstr "recompacter tous les autres paquets excepté le plus gros paquet"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:528
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to parse gc.logexpiry value %s"
+msgstr "impossible d'analyser gc.logexpiry %s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:539
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to parse prune expiry value %s"
+msgstr "impossible d'analyser la valeur d'expiration d'élagage %s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:559
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto packing the repository in background for optimum performance.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Compression automatique du dépôt en tâche de fond pour optimiser les "
 "performances.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:323
+#: builtin/gc.c:561
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
 msgstr "Compression du dépôt pour optimiser les performances.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:324
+#: builtin/gc.c:562
 #, c-format
 msgid "See \"git help gc\" for manual housekeeping.\n"
 msgstr "Voir \"git help gc\" pour toute information sur le nettoyage manuel.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:342
+#: builtin/gc.c:598
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "gc is already running on machine '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> (use --force if not)"
@@ -5731,338 +9579,377 @@ msgstr ""
 "un ramasse-miettes est déjà en cours sur la machine '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> "
 "(utilisez --force si ce n'est pas le cas)"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:364
+#: builtin/gc.c:645
 msgid ""
 "There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
 msgstr ""
 "Il y a trop d'objets seuls inaccessibles ; lancez 'git prune' pour les "
 "supprimer."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:23
-msgid "git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
-msgstr "git grep [options] [-e] <motif> [<révision>...] [[--] <chemin>...]"
+#: builtin/grep.c:28
+msgid "git grep [<options>] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git grep [<options>] [-e] <motif> [<révision>...] [[--] <chemin>...]"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:218
+#: builtin/grep.c:226
 #, c-format
 msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
 msgstr "grep : échec de création du fil: %s"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:441 builtin/grep.c:476
+#: builtin/grep.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d) for %s"
+msgstr "nombre de fils spécifié invalide (%d) pour %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s is the configuration
+#. variable for tweaking threads, currently
+#. grep.threads
+#.
+#: builtin/grep.c:293 builtin/index-pack.c:1535 builtin/index-pack.c:1727
+#, c-format
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
+msgstr "pas de support des fils, ignore %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:461 builtin/grep.c:582 builtin/grep.c:623
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
 msgstr "impossible de lire l'arbre (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:491
+#: builtin/grep.c:638
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
 msgstr "impossible de faire un grep sur un objet de type %s"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:547
+#: builtin/grep.c:703
 #, c-format
 msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
 msgstr "l'option '%c' attend un valeur numérique"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:564
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot open '%s'"
-msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:638
+#: builtin/grep.c:790
 msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
 msgstr "rechercher dans l'index plutôt que dans la copie de travail"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:640
+#: builtin/grep.c:792
 msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
 msgstr "rechercher dans les contenus non gérés par git"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:642
+#: builtin/grep.c:794
 msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr "rechercher dans les fichiers suivis et non-suivis"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:644
-msgid "search also in ignored files"
-msgstr "rechercher aussi dans les fichiers ignorés"
+#: builtin/grep.c:796
+msgid "ignore files specified via '.gitignore'"
+msgstr "ignorer les fichiers spécifiés via '.gitignore'"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:647
+#: builtin/grep.c:798
+msgid "recursively search in each submodule"
+msgstr "rechercher récursivement dans chaque sous-module"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:801
 msgid "show non-matching lines"
 msgstr "afficher les lignes qui ne correspondent pas"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:649
+#: builtin/grep.c:803
 msgid "case insensitive matching"
 msgstr "correspondance insensible à la casse"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:651
+#: builtin/grep.c:805
 msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
 msgstr "rechercher les motifs aux séparateurs de mots"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:653
+#: builtin/grep.c:807
 msgid "process binary files as text"
 msgstr "traiter les fichiers binaires comme texte"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:655
+#: builtin/grep.c:809
 msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
 msgstr "ne pas chercher les motifs dans les fichiers binaires"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:658
+#: builtin/grep.c:812
 msgid "process binary files with textconv filters"
 msgstr "traiter les fichiers binaires avec les filtres textconv"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:660
+#: builtin/grep.c:814
 msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
 msgstr "descendre au plus de <profondeur> dans l'arborescence"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:664
+#: builtin/grep.c:818
 msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
 msgstr "utiliser des expressions régulières étendues POSIX"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:667
+#: builtin/grep.c:821
 msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
 msgstr "utiliser des expressions régulières basiques POSIX (par défaut)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:670
+#: builtin/grep.c:824
 msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
 msgstr "interpréter les motifs comme de chaînes fixes"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:673
+#: builtin/grep.c:827
 msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
 msgstr "utiliser des expressions régulières compatibles avec Perl"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:676
+#: builtin/grep.c:830
 msgid "show line numbers"
 msgstr "afficher les numéros de ligne"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:677
+#: builtin/grep.c:831
 msgid "don't show filenames"
 msgstr "ne pas pas afficher les noms de fichier"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:678
+#: builtin/grep.c:832
 msgid "show filenames"
 msgstr "afficher les noms de fichier"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:680
+#: builtin/grep.c:834
 msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
 msgstr "afficher les noms de fichiers relativement au répertoire de base"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:682
+#: builtin/grep.c:836
 msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
 msgstr "n'afficher que les noms de fichiers au lieu des lignes correspondant"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:684
+#: builtin/grep.c:838
 msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
 msgstr "synonyme pour --files-with-matches"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:687
+#: builtin/grep.c:841
 msgid "show only the names of files without match"
 msgstr "n'afficher que les noms des fichiers sans correspondance"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:689
+#: builtin/grep.c:843
 msgid "print NUL after filenames"
 msgstr "imprimer une caractère NUL après le noms de fichier"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:691
+#: builtin/grep.c:846
 msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
 msgstr "afficher le nombre de correspondances au lieu des lignes correspondant"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:692
+#: builtin/grep.c:847
 msgid "highlight matches"
 msgstr "mettre en évidence les correspondances"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:694
+#: builtin/grep.c:849
 msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
 msgstr ""
 "imprimer une ligne vide entre les correspondances de fichiers différents"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:696
+#: builtin/grep.c:851
 msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
 msgstr ""
 "afficher le nom de fichier une fois au dessus des correspondances du même "
 "fichier"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:699
+#: builtin/grep.c:854
 msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
 msgstr "afficher <n> lignes de contexte avant et après les correspondances"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:702
+#: builtin/grep.c:857
 msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
 msgstr "afficher <n> lignes de contexte avant les correspondances"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:704
+#: builtin/grep.c:859
 msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
 msgstr "afficher <n> lignes de contexte après les correspondances"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:705
+#: builtin/grep.c:861
+msgid "use <n> worker threads"
+msgstr "utiliser <n> fils de travail"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:862
 msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
 msgstr "raccourci pour -C NUM"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:708
+#: builtin/grep.c:865
 msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
 msgstr ""
 "afficher une ligne avec le nom de la fonction avant les correspondances"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:710
+#: builtin/grep.c:867
 msgid "show the surrounding function"
 msgstr "afficher la fonction contenante"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:713
+#: builtin/grep.c:870
 msgid "read patterns from file"
 msgstr "lire les motifs depuis fichier"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:715
+#: builtin/grep.c:872
 msgid "match <pattern>"
 msgstr "rechercher <motif>"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:717
+#: builtin/grep.c:874
 msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
 msgstr "combiner les motifs spécifiés par -e"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:729
+#: builtin/grep.c:886
 msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
 msgstr ""
 "indiquer des correspondances avec le code de sortie mais sans rien afficher"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:731
+#: builtin/grep.c:888
 msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
 msgstr ""
 "n'afficher que les correspondances de fichiers qui correspondent à tous les "
 "motifs"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:733
+#: builtin/grep.c:890
 msgid "show parse tree for grep expression"
 msgstr "afficher l'arbre d'analyse pour le motif grep"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:737
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "pager"
 msgstr "pagineur"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:737
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "show matching files in the pager"
 msgstr "afficher les fichiers correspondant dans le pagineur"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:740
+#: builtin/grep.c:898
 msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
 msgstr "permettre l'appel de grep(1) (ignoré par ce build)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:741 builtin/show-ref.c:187
-msgid "show usage"
-msgstr "afficher l'usage"
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:808
+#: builtin/grep.c:962
 msgid "no pattern given."
 msgstr "aucun motif fourni."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:866
+#: builtin/grep.c:994
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs"
+msgstr ""
+"--no-index ou --untracked ne peuvent pas être utilisés avec des révisions"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to resolve revision: %s"
+msgstr "impossible de résoudre la révision : %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1036 builtin/index-pack.c:1531
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
+msgstr "nombre de fils spécifié invalide (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1041
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring --threads"
+msgstr "pas de support des fils, ignore --threads"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1065
 msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
 msgstr "--open-files-in-pager ne fonctionne que sur la copie de travail"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:892
+#: builtin/grep.c:1088
+msgid "option not supported with --recurse-submodules."
+msgstr "option non supportée avec --recurse-submodules."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1094
 msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
 msgstr "--cached ou --untracked ne peuvent pas être utilisés avec --no-index."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:897
-msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
-msgstr ""
-"--no-index ou --untracked ne peuvent pas être utilisés avec des révisions."
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:900
+#: builtin/grep.c:1100
 msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
 msgstr ""
 "--[no-]exclude-standard ne peut pas être utilisé avec du contenu suivi."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:908
+#: builtin/grep.c:1108
 msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
 msgstr "--cached et des arbres sont fournis en même temps."
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:82
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
 msgid ""
-"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
-"<file>..."
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"[--] <file>..."
 msgstr ""
-"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<fichier>|--no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<fichier> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
 "[--] <fichier>..."
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
-msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>"
-msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <liste-de-chemins>"
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:84
+msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
+msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:94 builtin/tag.c:610
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
 msgid "type"
 msgstr "type"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:94
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
 msgid "object type"
 msgstr "type d'objet"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:95
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
 msgid "write the object into the object database"
 msgstr "écrire l'objet dans la base de donnée d'objets"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
 msgid "read the object from stdin"
 msgstr "lire l'objet depuis l'entrée standard"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
 msgid "store file as is without filters"
 msgstr "stocker le fichier tel quel sans filtrage"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:100
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:102
 msgid ""
 "just hash any random garbage to create corrupt objects for debugging Git"
 msgstr ""
 "juste hasher n'importe quel contenu pour créer des objets corrompus pour "
 "debugger Git"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103
 msgid "process file as it were from this path"
 msgstr "traiter le fichier comme s'il venait de ce chemin"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:41
+#: builtin/help.c:45
 msgid "print all available commands"
 msgstr "afficher toutes les commandes disponibles"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:42
+#: builtin/help.c:46
+msgid "exclude guides"
+msgstr "exclure les guides"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:47
 msgid "print list of useful guides"
 msgstr "afficher une liste de guides utiles"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:43
+#: builtin/help.c:48
 msgid "show man page"
 msgstr "afficher la page de manuel"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:44
+#: builtin/help.c:49
 msgid "show manual in web browser"
 msgstr "afficher le manuel dans un navigateur web"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:46
+#: builtin/help.c:51
 msgid "show info page"
 msgstr "afficher la page info"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:52
-msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
-msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [commande]"
+#: builtin/help.c:53
+msgid "print command description"
+msgstr "afficher la description de la commande"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:58
+msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<command>]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<commande>]"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:64
+#: builtin/help.c:70
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
 msgstr "format d'aide non reconnu '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:91
+#: builtin/help.c:97
 msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
 msgstr "échec de démarrage d'emacsclient."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:104
+#: builtin/help.c:110
 msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
 msgstr "échec d'analyse de la version d'emacsclient."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:112
+#: builtin/help.c:118
 #, c-format
 msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
 msgstr "la version d'emacsclient '%d' est trop ancienne (<22)."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:130 builtin/help.c:158 builtin/help.c:167 builtin/help.c:175
+#: builtin/help.c:136 builtin/help.c:158 builtin/help.c:168 builtin/help.c:176
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
-msgstr "échec de l'exécution de '%s' : %s"
+msgid "failed to exec '%s'"
+msgstr "échec de l'exécution de '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:215
+#: builtin/help.c:214
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
@@ -6071,7 +9958,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "'%s' : chemin pour l'utilitaire de visualisation de manuel non supporté.\n"
 "Veuillez utiliser plutôt 'man.<outil>.cmd'."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:227
+#: builtin/help.c:226
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
@@ -6080,492 +9967,429 @@ msgstr ""
 "'%s' : chemin pour l'utilitaire de visualisation de manuel supporté.\n"
 "Veuillez utiliser plutôt 'man.<outil>.cmd'."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:354
+#: builtin/help.c:343
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
 msgstr "'%s' : visualiseur de manuel inconnu."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:371
+#: builtin/help.c:360
 msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "aucun visualiseur de manuel n'a pris en charge la demande"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:379
+#: builtin/help.c:368
 msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "aucun visualiseur de 'info' n'a pris en charge la demande"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:428
-msgid "Defining attributes per path"
-msgstr "Définition des attributs par chemin"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:429
-msgid "Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So"
-msgstr "Git de tous les jours avec à peu près 20 commandes"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:430
-msgid "A Git glossary"
-msgstr "Un glossaire Git"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:431
-msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
-msgstr "Spécifie les fichiers non-suivis à ignorer intentionnellement"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:432
-msgid "Defining submodule properties"
-msgstr "Définition des propriétés de sous-module"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:433
-msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
-msgstr "Spécification des révisions et portées pour Git"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:434
-msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)"
-msgstr ""
-"Une introduction pratique à Git (pour les versions 1.5.1 et supérieures)"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:435
-msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
-msgstr "Un aperçu des flux de travail recommandés avec Git"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:447
-msgid "The common Git guides are:\n"
-msgstr "Les guides Git populaires sont : \n"
+#: builtin/help.c:415
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is aliased to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' est un alias de '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:468 builtin/help.c:485
+#: builtin/help.c:442 builtin/help.c:459
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s%s"
 msgstr "usage : %s%s"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:501
-#, c-format
-msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
-msgstr "`git %s\" est un alias de `%s'"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:150
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:158
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to open %s"
 msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:200
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
 msgstr "type d'objet non correspondant à %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:220
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:228
 #, c-format
 msgid "did not receive expected object %s"
 msgstr "objet attendu non reçu %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:223
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:231
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s: expected type %s, found %s"
 msgstr "objet %s : type attendu %s, reçu %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:265
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
 msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
 msgstr[0] "impossible de remplir %d octet"
 msgstr[1] "impossible de remplir %d octets"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:275
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:283
 msgid "early EOF"
 msgstr "fin de fichier prématurée"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:276
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:284
 msgid "read error on input"
 msgstr "erreur de lecture sur l'entrée"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:288
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:296
 msgid "used more bytes than were available"
 msgstr "plus d'octets utilisés que disponibles"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:295
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:303
 msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
 msgstr "le paquet est trop grand pour la définition actuelle de off_t"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:311
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:306 builtin/unpack-objects.c:93
+msgid "pack exceeds maximum allowed size"
+msgstr "le paquet dépasse la taille maximale permise"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible de créer '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:316
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:327
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir le fichier paquet '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:330
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:341
 msgid "pack signature mismatch"
 msgstr "la signature du paquet ne correspond pas"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:332
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:343
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
 msgstr "la version de paquet %<PRIu32> non supportée"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:350
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:361
 #, c-format
-msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
-msgstr "le paquet a un mauvais objet à l'offset %lu: %s"
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
+msgstr "le paquet a un mauvais objet à l'offset %<PRIuMAX> : %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:471
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:482
 #, c-format
 msgid "inflate returned %d"
 msgstr "la décompression (inflate) a retourné %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:520
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:531
 msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
 msgstr "dépassement de la valeur d'offset pour l'objet delta de base"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:528
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:539
 msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
 msgstr "l'objet delta de base est hors limite"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:536
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:547
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown object type %d"
 msgstr "type d'objet inconnu %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:567
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:578
 msgid "cannot pread pack file"
 msgstr "impossible de lire (pread) le fichier paquet"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:569
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:580
 #, c-format
-msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
-msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
-msgstr[0] "fin prématurée du fichier paquet, %lu octet lu"
-msgstr[1] "fin prématurée du fichier paquet, %lu octets lus"
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] "fin prématurée du fichier paquet, %<PRIuMAX> octet lu"
+msgstr[1] "fin prématurée du fichier paquet, %<PRIuMAX> octets lus"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:595
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:606
 msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
 msgstr "grave incohérence dans la décompression (inflate)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:686 builtin/index-pack.c:692 builtin/index-pack.c:715
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:749 builtin/index-pack.c:758
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:751 builtin/index-pack.c:757 builtin/index-pack.c:780
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:819 builtin/index-pack.c:828
 #, c-format
 msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
 msgstr "COLLISION SHA1 TROUVÉE AVEC %s !"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:689 builtin/pack-objects.c:164
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:256
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:754 builtin/pack-objects.c:198
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:292
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read %s"
 msgstr "impossible de lire %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:755
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:817
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object info %s"
+msgstr "impossible de lire l'information existante de l'objet %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:825
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
 msgstr "impossible de lire l'objet existant %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:769
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:839
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid blob object %s"
 msgstr "objet blob invalide %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:783
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:842 builtin/index-pack.c:860
+msgid "fsck error in packed object"
+msgstr "erreur de fsck dans l'objet empaqueté"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:857
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %s"
 msgstr "%s invalide"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:787
-msgid "Error in object"
-msgstr "Erreur dans l'objet"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:789
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:862
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
 msgstr "Tous les objets enfants de %s ne sont pas accessibles"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:861 builtin/index-pack.c:890
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:934 builtin/index-pack.c:965
 msgid "failed to apply delta"
 msgstr "échec d'application du delta"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1055
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1135
 msgid "Receiving objects"
 msgstr "Réception d'objets"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1055
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1135
 msgid "Indexing objects"
 msgstr "Indexation d'objets"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1081
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1169
 msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
 msgstr "le paquet est corrompu (SHA1 ne correspond pas)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1086
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1174
 msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
 msgstr "impossible d'obtenir le statut (fstat) du fichier paquet"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1089
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1177
 msgid "pack has junk at the end"
 msgstr "le paquet est invalide à la fin"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1100
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1189
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
 msgstr "confusion extrême dans parse_pack_objects()"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1123
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1212
 msgid "Resolving deltas"
 msgstr "Résolution des deltas"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1133
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1223
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
 msgstr "impossible de créer le fil : %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1175
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1265
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
 msgstr "confusion extrême"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1181
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1271
 #, c-format
-msgid "completed with %d local objects"
-msgstr "complété avec %d objets locaux"
+msgid "completed with %d local object"
+msgid_plural "completed with %d local objects"
+msgstr[0] "complété avec %d objet local"
+msgstr[1] "complété avec %d objets locaux"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1191
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1283
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
 msgstr ""
 "Somme de contrôle de fin inattendue pour %s (corruption sur le disque ?)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1195
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
 msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
 msgstr[0] "le paquet a %d delta non résolu"
 msgstr[1] "le paquet a %d deltas non résolus"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1220
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1311
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
 msgstr "impossible de compresser l'objet ajouté (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1299
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1388
 #, c-format
 msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
 msgstr "l'objet local %s est corrompu"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1323
-msgid "error while closing pack file"
-msgstr "erreur en fermeture du fichier paquet"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1402
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr "le nom de fichier paquet '%s' ne se termine pas par '.pack'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1336
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1427
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
-msgstr "impossible d'écrire le fichier \"keep\" '%s'"
+msgid "cannot write %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible d'écrire le fichier %s '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1344
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1435
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
-msgstr "impossible de fermer le fichier \"keep\" '%s'"
+msgid "cannot close written %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de fermer le fichier %s écrit '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1459
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
+msgstr "erreur en fermeture du fichier paquet"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1357
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1473
 msgid "cannot store pack file"
 msgstr "impossible de stocker le fichier paquet"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1368
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1481
 msgid "cannot store index file"
 msgstr "impossible de stocker le fichier d'index"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1525
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 msgstr "mauvais pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1407
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
-msgstr "nombre de fils spécifié invalide (%d)"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1411 builtin/index-pack.c:1590
-#, c-format
-msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
-msgstr "pas de support des fils, ignore %s"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1469
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
 msgstr "Impossible d'ouvrir le fichier paquet existant '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1471
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1596
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
 msgstr "Impossible d'ouvrir le fichier paquet d'index existant pour '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1518
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1644
 #, c-format
 msgid "non delta: %d object"
 msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
 msgstr[0] "pas un delta : %d objet"
 msgstr[1] "pas un delta : %d objets"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1525
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1651
 #, c-format
 msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
 msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
 msgstr[0] "longueur chaînée = %d : %lu objet"
 msgstr[1] "longueur chaînée = %d : %lu objets"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1554
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1688
 msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
 msgstr "Impossible de revenir au répertoire de travail courant"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1602 builtin/index-pack.c:1605
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1617 builtin/index-pack.c:1621
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1739 builtin/index-pack.c:1742
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1758 builtin/index-pack.c:1762
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad %s"
 msgstr "mauvais %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1635
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1778
 msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
 msgstr "--fix-thin ne peut pas être utilisé sans --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1639 builtin/index-pack.c:1648
-#, c-format
-msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
-msgstr "le nom de fichier paquet '%s' ne se termine pas par '.pack'"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1780
+msgid "--stdin requires a git repository"
+msgstr "--stdin requiert un dépôt git"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1656
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1786
 msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
 msgstr "--verify sans nom de fichier paquet donné"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:35
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
-msgstr "Impossible de rendre %s inscriptible pour le groupe"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:62
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template name %s"
-msgstr "nom de modèle démentiellement long %s"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1836 builtin/unpack-objects.c:578
+msgid "fsck error in pack objects"
+msgstr "erreur de fsck dans les objets paquets"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#: builtin/init-db.c:55
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible de faire un stat de '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#: builtin/init-db.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible de faire un stat du modèle '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#: builtin/init-db.c:66
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir (opendir) '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#: builtin/init-db.c:77
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible de readlink '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:99
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
-msgstr "lien symbolique démentiellement long %s"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#: builtin/init-db.c:79
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible de créer un lien symbolique de '%s' '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#: builtin/init-db.c:85
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible de copier '%s' vers '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#: builtin/init-db.c:89
 #, c-format
 msgid "ignoring template %s"
 msgstr "modèle %s ignoré"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:136
+#: builtin/init-db.c:120
 #, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template path %s"
-msgstr "chemin de modèle %s démentiellement long"
+msgid "templates not found in %s"
+msgstr "modèles non trouvés dans %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:144
+#: builtin/init-db.c:135
 #, c-format
-msgid "templates not found %s"
-msgstr "modèles non trouvés %s"
+msgid "not copying templates from '%s': %s"
+msgstr "pas de copie des modèles depuis '%s' : %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:157
+#: builtin/init-db.c:328
 #, c-format
-msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-"pas de copie des modèles étant dans une mauvaise version du format %d de '%s'"
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr "impossible de traiter le fichier de type %d"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:197
+#: builtin/init-db.c:331
 #, c-format
-msgid "insane git directory %s"
-msgstr "répertoire git démentiel %s"
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr "impossible de déplacer %s vers %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:331 builtin/init-db.c:334
+#: builtin/init-db.c:348 builtin/init-db.c:351
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s already exists"
 msgstr "%s existe déjà"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:363
+#: builtin/init-db.c:404
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
-msgstr "impossible de traiter le fichier de type %d"
+msgid "Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Dépôt Git existant partagé réinitialisé dans %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:366
+#: builtin/init-db.c:405
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
-msgstr "impossible de déplacer %s vers %s"
+msgid "Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Dépôt Git existant réinitialisé dans %s%s\n"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
-#. existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
-#. "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
-#: builtin/init-db.c:426
+#: builtin/init-db.c:409
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
-msgstr "Dépôt Git%2$s %1$s dans %3$s%4$s\n"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:427
-msgid "Reinitialized existing"
-msgstr "existant réinitialisé"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:427
-msgid "Initialized empty"
-msgstr "vide initialisé"
+msgid "Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Dépôt Git vide partagé initialisé dans %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:428
-msgid " shared"
-msgstr " partagé"
+#: builtin/init-db.c:410
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Dépôt Git vide initialisé dans %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:475
+#: builtin/init-db.c:458
 msgid ""
 "git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--"
-"shared[=<permissions>]] [directory]"
+"shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<répertoire-modèle>] [--"
-"shared[=<permissions>]] [répertoire]"
+"shared[=<permissions>]] [<répertoire>]"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:498
+#: builtin/init-db.c:481
 msgid "permissions"
 msgstr "permissions"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:499
+#: builtin/init-db.c:482
 msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
 msgstr "spécifier que le dépôt git sera partagé entre plusieurs utilisateurs"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:501 builtin/prune-packed.c:57 builtin/repack.c:171
-msgid "be quiet"
-msgstr "être silencieux"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:533 builtin/init-db.c:538
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
-msgstr "impossible de créer le répertoire (mkdir) %s"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:542
+#: builtin/init-db.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
 msgstr "impossible de se déplacer vers le répertoire (chdir) %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:563
+#: builtin/init-db.c:546
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
@@ -6574,307 +10398,423 @@ msgstr ""
 "%s (ou --work-tree=<répertoire>) n'est pas autorisé sans spécifier %s (ou --"
 "git-dir=<répertoire>)"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:591
+#: builtin/init-db.c:574
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
 msgstr "Impossible d'accéder à l'arbre de travail '%s'"
 
 #: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git interpret-trailers [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>])...] "
-"[<file>...]"
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"<token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [<file>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git interpret-trailers [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
 "<symbole>[(=|:)<valeur>])...] [<fichier>...]"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:25
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:92
+msgid "edit files in place"
+msgstr "éditer les fichiers sur place"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:93
 msgid "trim empty trailers"
 msgstr "éliminer les lignes de fin vides"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:26
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:96
+msgid "where to place the new trailer"
+msgstr "où placer les nouvelles lignes terminales"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:98
+msgid "action if trailer already exists"
+msgstr "action si les lignes terminales existent déjà"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:100
+msgid "action if trailer is missing"
+msgstr "action si les lignes terminales manquent"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:102
+msgid "output only the trailers"
+msgstr "éliminer les lignes terminales vides"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:103
+msgid "do not apply config rules"
+msgstr "ne pas appliquer les règles de la configuration"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:104
+msgid "join whitespace-continued values"
+msgstr "joindre les valeurs continuées avec des caractères blancs"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:105
+msgid "set parsing options"
+msgstr "paramètres d'analyse"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:107
 msgid "trailer"
 msgstr "ligne de fin"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:27
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:108
 msgid "trailer(s) to add"
 msgstr "ligne(s) de fin à ajouter"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:41
-msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:117
+msgid "--trailer with --only-input does not make sense"
+msgstr "--trailer n'a aucune signification avec --only-input"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:127
+msgid "no input file given for in-place editing"
+msgstr "aucun fichier en entrée pour l'éditon sur place"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:48
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
 msgstr "git log [<options>] [<plage de révisions>] [[--] <chemin>...]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:42
-msgid "git show [options] <object>..."
-msgstr "git show [options] <objet>..."
+#: builtin/log.c:49
+msgid "git show [<options>] <object>..."
+msgstr "git show [<options>] <objet>..."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:81
+#: builtin/log.c:93
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid --decorate option: %s"
 msgstr "option --decorate invalide : %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:127
+#: builtin/log.c:153
 msgid "suppress diff output"
 msgstr "supprimer la sortie des différences"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:128
+#: builtin/log.c:154
 msgid "show source"
 msgstr "afficher la source"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:129
+#: builtin/log.c:155
 msgid "Use mail map file"
 msgstr "Utiliser le fichier de correspondance de mail"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:130
+#: builtin/log.c:157
+msgid "only decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "décorer seulement les références correspondant à <motif>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:159
+msgid "do not decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "ne pas décorer les références correspondant à <motif>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:160
 msgid "decorate options"
 msgstr "décorer les options"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:133
+#: builtin/log.c:163
 msgid "Process line range n,m in file, counting from 1"
 msgstr ""
 "Traiter seulement l'intervalle de lignes n,m du fichier en commençant le "
 "compte à 1"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:229
+#: builtin/log.c:259
 #, c-format
 msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
 msgstr "Sortie finale : %d %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:458
+#: builtin/log.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "git show %s: bad file"
 msgstr "git show %s : fichier incorrect"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:472 builtin/log.c:564
+#: builtin/log.c:525 builtin/log.c:619
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read object %s"
 msgstr "Impossible de lire l'objet %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:588
+#: builtin/log.c:643
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown type: %d"
 msgstr "Type inconnu : %d"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:689
+#: builtin/log.c:764
 msgid "format.headers without value"
 msgstr "format.headers sans valeur"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:773
+#: builtin/log.c:865
 msgid "name of output directory is too long"
 msgstr "le nom du répertoire de sortie est trop long"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:789
+#: builtin/log.c:881
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
 msgstr "Impossible d'ouvrir le fichier correctif %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:803
+#: builtin/log.c:898
 msgid "Need exactly one range."
 msgstr "Exactement une plage nécessaire."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:811
+#: builtin/log.c:908
 msgid "Not a range."
 msgstr "Ceci n'est pas une plage."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:919
+#: builtin/log.c:1014
 msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
-msgstr "La lettre de motivation doit être au format e-mail"
+msgstr "La lettre de motivation doit être au format courriel"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:998
+#: builtin/log.c:1095
 #, c-format
 msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
 msgstr "in-reply-to aberrant : %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1026
-msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
-msgstr "git format-patch [options] [<depuis> | <plage de révisions>]"
+#: builtin/log.c:1122
+msgid "git format-patch [<options>] [<since> | <revision-range>]"
+msgstr "git format-patch [<options>] [<depuis> | <plage de révisions>]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1071
+#: builtin/log.c:1172
 msgid "Two output directories?"
 msgstr "Deux répertoires de sortie ?"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1186
+#: builtin/log.c:1279 builtin/log.c:1932 builtin/log.c:1934 builtin/log.c:1946
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr "Commit inconnu %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1289 builtin/notes.c:887 builtin/tag.c:523
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "Impossible de résoudre '%s' comme une référence valide."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1294
+msgid "Could not find exact merge base."
+msgstr "Impossible de trouver la base de fusion exacte."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1298
+msgid ""
+"Failed to get upstream, if you want to record base commit automatically,\n"
+"please use git branch --set-upstream-to to track a remote branch.\n"
+"Or you could specify base commit by --base=<base-commit-id> manually."
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible de récupérer l'amont, si vous voulez enregistrer le commit de "
+"base automatiquement,\n"
+"veuillez utiliser git branch --set-upstream-to pour suivre une branche "
+"distante\n"
+"ou vous pouvez spécifier le commit de base par --base=<id-du-commit-de-base> "
+"manuellement."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1318
+msgid "Failed to find exact merge base"
+msgstr "Impossible de trouver la base de fusion exacte"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1329
+msgid "base commit should be the ancestor of revision list"
+msgstr "le commit de base devrait être l'ancêtre de la liste de révisions"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1333
+msgid "base commit shouldn't be in revision list"
+msgstr "le commit de base ne devrait pas faire partie de la liste de révisions"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1382
+msgid "cannot get patch id"
+msgstr "impossible d'obtenir l'id du patch"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1441
 msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
 msgstr "utiliser [PATCH n/m] même avec un patch unique"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1189
+#: builtin/log.c:1444
 msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
 msgstr "utiliser [PATCH] même avec des patchs multiples"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1193
+#: builtin/log.c:1448
 msgid "print patches to standard out"
 msgstr "afficher les patchs sur la sortie standard"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1195
+#: builtin/log.c:1450
 msgid "generate a cover letter"
 msgstr "générer une lettre de motivation"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1197
+#: builtin/log.c:1452
 msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
 msgstr ""
 "utiliser une séquence simple de nombres pour les nom des fichiers de sortie"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1198
+#: builtin/log.c:1453
 msgid "sfx"
 msgstr "sfx"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1199
+#: builtin/log.c:1454
 msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
 msgstr "utiliser <sfx> au lieu de '.patch'"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1201
+#: builtin/log.c:1456
 msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
 msgstr "démarrer la numérotation des patchs à <n> au lieu de 1"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1203
+#: builtin/log.c:1458
 msgid "mark the series as Nth re-roll"
 msgstr "marquer la série comme une Nième réédition"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1205
+#: builtin/log.c:1460
+msgid "Use [RFC PATCH] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "utiliser [RFC PATCH] au lieu de [PATCH]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1463
 msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
 msgstr "utiliser [<préfixe>] au lieu de [PATCH]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1208
+#: builtin/log.c:1466
 msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
 msgstr "stocker les fichiers résultats dans <répertoire>"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1211
+#: builtin/log.c:1469
 msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
 msgstr "ne pas retirer/ajouter [PATCH]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1214
+#: builtin/log.c:1472
 msgid "don't output binary diffs"
 msgstr "ne pas imprimer les diffs binaires"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1216
+#: builtin/log.c:1474
+msgid "output all-zero hash in From header"
+msgstr "écrire une empreinte à zéro dans l'entête From"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1476
 msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
 msgstr "ne pas inclure un patch correspondant à un commit amont"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1218
+#: builtin/log.c:1478
 msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
 msgstr "afficher le format du patch au lieu du défaut (patch + stat)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1220
+#: builtin/log.c:1480
 msgid "Messaging"
 msgstr "Communication"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1221
+#: builtin/log.c:1481
 msgid "header"
 msgstr "en-tête"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1222
+#: builtin/log.c:1482
 msgid "add email header"
-msgstr "ajouter l'en-tête d'e-mail"
+msgstr "ajouter l'en-tête de courriel"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1223 builtin/log.c:1225
+#: builtin/log.c:1483 builtin/log.c:1485
 msgid "email"
-msgstr "e-mail"
+msgstr "courriel"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1223
+#: builtin/log.c:1483
 msgid "add To: header"
 msgstr "ajouter l'en-tête \"To:\""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1225
+#: builtin/log.c:1485
 msgid "add Cc: header"
 msgstr "ajouter l'en-tête \"Cc:\""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1227
+#: builtin/log.c:1487
 msgid "ident"
 msgstr "ident"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1228
+#: builtin/log.c:1488
 msgid "set From address to <ident> (or committer ident if absent)"
 msgstr ""
 "renseigner l'adresse From à <ident> (ou à l'ident du validateur si absent)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1230
+#: builtin/log.c:1490
 msgid "message-id"
 msgstr "id-message"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1231
+#: builtin/log.c:1491
 msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
 msgstr "répondre dans le premier message à <id-message>"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1232 builtin/log.c:1235
+#: builtin/log.c:1492 builtin/log.c:1495
 msgid "boundary"
 msgstr "limite"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1233
+#: builtin/log.c:1493
 msgid "attach the patch"
 msgstr "attacher le patch"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1236
+#: builtin/log.c:1496
 msgid "inline the patch"
 msgstr "patch à l'intérieur"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1240
+#: builtin/log.c:1500
 msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
 msgstr ""
 "activer l'enfilage de message, styles : shallow (superficiel), deep (profond)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1242
+#: builtin/log.c:1502
 msgid "signature"
 msgstr "signature"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1243
+#: builtin/log.c:1503
 msgid "add a signature"
 msgstr "ajouter une signature"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1245
+#: builtin/log.c:1504
+msgid "base-commit"
+msgstr "commit-de-base"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1505
+msgid "add prerequisite tree info to the patch series"
+msgstr "Ajouter un arbre prérequis à la série de patchs"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1507
 msgid "add a signature from a file"
 msgstr "ajouter une signature depuis un fichier"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1246
+#: builtin/log.c:1508
 msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
 msgstr "ne pas afficher les noms de fichiers des patchs"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1320
+#: builtin/log.c:1510
+msgid "show progress while generating patches"
+msgstr ""
+"afficher la barre de progression durant la phase de génération des patchs"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1585
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid ident line: %s"
 msgstr "ligne d'identification invalide : %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1335
+#: builtin/log.c:1600
 msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
 msgstr "-n et -k sont mutuellement exclusifs."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1337
-msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
-msgstr "--subject-prefix et -k sont mutuellement exclusifs."
+#: builtin/log.c:1602
+msgid "--subject-prefix/--rfc and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "--subject-prefix/--rfc et -k sont mutuellement exclusifs."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1345
+#: builtin/log.c:1610
 msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
 msgstr "--name-only n'a pas de sens"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1347
+#: builtin/log.c:1612
 msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
 msgstr "--name-status n'a pas de sens"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1349
+#: builtin/log.c:1614
 msgid "--check does not make sense"
 msgstr "--check n'a pas de sens"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1372
+#: builtin/log.c:1646
 msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
 msgstr "sortie standard, ou répertoire, lequel ?"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1374
+#: builtin/log.c:1648
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
 msgstr "Impossible de créer le répertoire '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1472
+#: builtin/log.c:1741
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read signature file '%s'"
 msgstr "lecture du fichier de signature '%s' impossible"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1535
+#: builtin/log.c:1773
+msgid "Generating patches"
+msgstr "Génération des patchs"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1817
 msgid "Failed to create output files"
 msgstr "Échec de création des fichiers en sortie"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1583
+#: builtin/log.c:1867
 msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
 msgstr "git cherry [-v] [<branche_amont> [<head> [<limite>]]]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1638
+#: builtin/log.c:1921
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
@@ -6882,107 +10822,162 @@ msgstr ""
 "Impossible de trouver une branche distante suivie, merci de spécifier "
 "<branche_amont> manuellement.\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1651 builtin/log.c:1653 builtin/log.c:1665
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unknown commit %s"
-msgstr "Commit inconnu %s"
-
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:401
-msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git ls-files [options] [<fichier>...]"
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+msgid "git ls-files [<options>] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-files [<options>] [<fichier>...]"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:458
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:517
 msgid "identify the file status with tags"
-msgstr "identifier le statut de fichier avec les étiquettes"
+msgstr "identifier l'état de fichier avec les étiquettes"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:460
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:519
 msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
-msgstr "utiliser des minuscules pour les fichier 'assumés inchangés'"
+msgstr "utiliser des minuscules pour les fichiers 'assumés inchangés'"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:521
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'fsmonitor clean' files"
+msgstr "utiliser des minuscules pour les fichiers 'fsmonitor clean'"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:462
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:523
 msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
 msgstr "afficher les fichiers mis en cache dans la sortie (défaut)"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:464
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:525
 msgid "show deleted files in the output"
 msgstr "afficher les fichiers supprimés dans la sortie"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:466
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:527
 msgid "show modified files in the output"
 msgstr "afficher les fichiers modifiés dans la sortie"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:529
 msgid "show other files in the output"
 msgstr "afficher les autres fichiers dans la sortie"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:470
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:531
 msgid "show ignored files in the output"
 msgstr "afficher les fichiers ignorés dans la sortie"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:534
 msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
 msgstr "afficher les nom des objets indexés dans la sortie"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:536
 msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
 msgstr ""
 "afficher les fichiers du système de fichiers qui ont besoin d'être supprimés"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:477
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:538
 msgid "show 'other' directories' names only"
 msgstr "afficher seulement les noms des répertoires 'other'"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:540
+msgid "show line endings of files"
+msgstr "afficher les fins de lignes des fichiers"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:542
 msgid "don't show empty directories"
 msgstr "ne pas afficher les répertoires vides"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:483
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:545
 msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
 msgstr "afficher les fichiers non fusionnés dans la sortie"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:547
 msgid "show resolve-undo information"
 msgstr "afficher l'information resolv-undo"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:487
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:549
 msgid "skip files matching pattern"
 msgstr "sauter les fichiers correspondant au motif"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:552
 msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
 msgstr "les motifs d'exclusion sont lus depuis <fichier>"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:493
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:555
 msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
 msgstr "lire des motifs d'exclusion additionnels par répertoire dans <fichier>"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:557
 msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
 msgstr "ajouter les exclusions git standard"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:560
 msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
 msgstr "afficher en relatif par rapport au répertoire racine du projet"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:501
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:563
+msgid "recurse through submodules"
+msgstr "parcourir récursivement les sous-modules"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:565
 msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
 msgstr "si un <fichier> n'est pas dans l'index, traiter cela comme une erreur"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:502
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:566
 msgid "tree-ish"
 msgstr "arbre ou apparenté"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:567
 msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
 msgstr ""
 "considérer que les chemins supprimés depuis <arbre ou apparenté> sont "
 "toujours présents"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:505
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:569
 msgid "show debugging data"
 msgstr "afficher les données de débogage"
 
-#: builtin/ls-tree.c:28
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:9
+msgid ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<repository> [<refs>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<dépôt> [<références>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:59
+msgid "do not print remote URL"
+msgstr "ne pas afficher les URL distantes"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:60 builtin/ls-remote.c:62
+msgid "exec"
+msgstr "exécutable"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:61 builtin/ls-remote.c:63
+msgid "path of git-upload-pack on the remote host"
+msgstr "chemin vers git-upload-pack sur le serveur distant"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:65
+msgid "limit to tags"
+msgstr "limiter aux étiquettes"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:66
+msgid "limit to heads"
+msgstr "limiter aux heads"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:67
+msgid "do not show peeled tags"
+msgstr "ne pas afficher les étiquettes pelées"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:69
+msgid "take url.<base>.insteadOf into account"
+msgstr "prendre en compte url.<base>.insteadOf"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:73
+msgid "exit with exit code 2 if no matching refs are found"
+msgstr ""
+"sortir avec un code d'erreur 2 si aucune correspondance de référence n'est "
+"trouvée"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:76
+msgid "show underlying ref in addition to the object pointed by it"
+msgstr "afficher la réf sous-jacente en plus de l'objet pointé par elle"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:29
 msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr "git ls-tree [<options>] <arbre ou apparenté> [<chemin>...]"
 
@@ -7020,184 +11015,190 @@ msgstr ""
 "afficher l'arbre entier ; pas seulement le répertoire courant (implique --"
 "full-name)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:45
-msgid "git merge [options] [<commit>...]"
-msgstr "git merge [options] [<commit>...]"
+#: builtin/mailsplit.c:241
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty mbox: '%s'"
+msgstr "mbox vide : '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:46
-msgid "git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
-msgstr "git merge [options] <message> HEAD <commit>"
+#: builtin/merge.c:51
+msgid "git merge [<options>] [<commit>...]"
+msgstr "git merge [<options>] [<commit>...]"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:47
+#: builtin/merge.c:52
 msgid "git merge --abort"
 msgstr "git merge --abort"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:100
+#: builtin/merge.c:53
+msgid "git merge --continue"
+msgstr "git merge --continue"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:110
 msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
 msgstr "le commutateur `m' a besoin d'une valeur"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:137
+#: builtin/merge.c:147
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
 msgstr "Impossible de trouver la stratégie de fusion '%s'.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:138
+#: builtin/merge.c:148
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available strategies are:"
 msgstr "Les stratégies disponibles sont :"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:143
+#: builtin/merge.c:153
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
 msgstr "Les stratégies personnalisées sont :"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:193
+#: builtin/merge.c:203 builtin/pull.c:142
 msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
 msgstr "ne pas afficher un diffstat à la fin de la fusion"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:196
+#: builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/pull.c:145
 msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
 msgstr "afficher un diffstat à la fin de la fusion"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:197
+#: builtin/merge.c:207 builtin/pull.c:148
 msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
 msgstr "(synonyme de --stat)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:199
+#: builtin/merge.c:209 builtin/pull.c:151
 msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
 msgstr ""
 "ajouter (au plus <n>) éléments du journal court au message de validation de "
 "la fusion"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:202
+#: builtin/merge.c:212 builtin/pull.c:157
 msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
 msgstr "créer une validation unique au lieu de faire une fusion"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:204
+#: builtin/merge.c:214 builtin/pull.c:160
 msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
 msgstr "effectuer une validation si la fusion réussit (défaut)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:206
+#: builtin/merge.c:216 builtin/pull.c:163
 msgid "edit message before committing"
 msgstr "éditer le message avant la validation"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:207
+#: builtin/merge.c:217
 msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
 msgstr "autoriser l'avance rapide (défaut)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:209
+#: builtin/merge.c:219 builtin/pull.c:169
 msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
 msgstr "abandonner si l'avance rapide n'est pas possible"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:213
-msgid "Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
-msgstr "Vérifier que la validation a une signature GPG valide"
+#: builtin/merge.c:223 builtin/pull.c:172
+msgid "verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+msgstr "vérifier que le commit nommé a une signature GPG valide"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:214 builtin/notes.c:753 builtin/revert.c:89
+#: builtin/merge.c:224 builtin/notes.c:777 builtin/pull.c:176
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "strategy"
 msgstr "stratégie"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:215
+#: builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/pull.c:177
 msgid "merge strategy to use"
 msgstr "stratégie de fusion à utiliser"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:216
+#: builtin/merge.c:226 builtin/pull.c:180
 msgid "option=value"
 msgstr "option=valeur"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:217
+#: builtin/merge.c:227 builtin/pull.c:181
 msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
 msgstr "option pour la stratégie de fusion sélectionnée"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:219
+#: builtin/merge.c:229
 msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
 msgstr ""
 "message de validation de la fusion (pour une fusion sans avance rapide)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:223
+#: builtin/merge.c:233
 msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
 msgstr "abandonner la fusion en cours"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:251
+#: builtin/merge.c:235
+msgid "continue the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "continuer la fusion en cours"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:237 builtin/pull.c:188
+msgid "allow merging unrelated histories"
+msgstr "permettre la fusion d'historiques sans rapport"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:243
+msgid "verify commit-msg hook"
+msgstr "vérifier le crochet commit-msg"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:268
 msgid "could not run stash."
 msgstr "impossible de lancer le remisage."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:256
+#: builtin/merge.c:273
 msgid "stash failed"
 msgstr "échec du remisage"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:261
+#: builtin/merge.c:278
 #, c-format
 msgid "not a valid object: %s"
 msgstr "pas un objet valide : %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:280 builtin/merge.c:297
+#: builtin/merge.c:300 builtin/merge.c:317
 msgid "read-tree failed"
 msgstr "read-tree a échoué"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:327
+#: builtin/merge.c:347
 msgid " (nothing to squash)"
 msgstr " (rien à compresser)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:340
+#: builtin/merge.c:358
 #, c-format
 msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr "Validation compressée -- HEAD non mise à jour\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:372
-msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "Écriture de SQUASH_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:374
-msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "Finition de SQUASH_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:397
+#: builtin/merge.c:408
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr "Pas de message de fusion -- pas de mise à jour de HEAD\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:447
+#: builtin/merge.c:458
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
 msgstr "'%s' ne pointe pas sur un commit"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:559
+#: builtin/merge.c:548
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
 msgstr "Mauvaise chaîne branch.%s.mergeoptions : %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:654
-msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
-msgstr "git write-tree a échoué à écrire un arbre"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:678
+#: builtin/merge.c:669
 msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
 msgstr "Impossible de gérer autre chose que la fusion de deux têtes."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:692
+#: builtin/merge.c:683
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
 msgstr "Options inconnue pour merge-recursive : -X%s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:705
+#: builtin/merge.c:698
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write %s"
 msgstr "impossible d'écrire %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:794
+#: builtin/merge.c:749
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
 msgstr "Impossible de lire depuis '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:803
+#: builtin/merge.c:758
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Pas de validation de la fusion ; utilisez 'git commit' pour terminer la "
 "fusion.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:809
+#: builtin/merge.c:764
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
@@ -7214,49 +11215,70 @@ msgstr ""
 "Les lignes commençant par '%c' seront ignorées, et un message vide\n"
 "abandonne la validation.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:833
+#: builtin/merge.c:800
 msgid "Empty commit message."
 msgstr "Message de validation vide."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:845
+#: builtin/merge.c:819
 #, c-format
 msgid "Wonderful.\n"
 msgstr "Merveilleux.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:900
+#: builtin/merge.c:872
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "La fusion automatique a échoué ; réglez les conflits et validez le "
 "résultat.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:916
-#, c-format
-msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
-msgstr "'%s' n'est pas une validation"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:957
+#: builtin/merge.c:911
 msgid "No current branch."
 msgstr "Pas de branche courante."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:959
+#: builtin/merge.c:913
 msgid "No remote for the current branch."
 msgstr "Pas de branche distante pour la branche courante."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:961
+#: builtin/merge.c:915
 msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
 msgstr "Pas de branche amont par défaut définie pour la branche courante."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:966
+#: builtin/merge.c:920
 #, c-format
 msgid "No remote-tracking branch for %s from %s"
 msgstr "Pas de branche de suivi pour %s depuis %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1122
+#: builtin/merge.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad value '%s' in environment '%s'"
+msgstr "Mauvaise valeur '%s' dans l'environnement '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1075
+#, c-format
+msgid "not something we can merge in %s: %s"
+msgstr "pas possible de fusionner ceci dans %s : %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1109
+msgid "not something we can merge"
+msgstr "pas possible de fusionner ceci"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1211
+msgid "--abort expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--abort n'accepte pas d'argument"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1215
 msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
 msgstr "Il n'y a pas de fusion à abandonner (MERGE_HEAD manquant)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1138
+#: builtin/merge.c:1227
+msgid "--continue expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--continue ne supporte aucun argument"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1231
+msgid "There is no merge in progress (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "Il n'y a pas de fusion en cours (MERGE_HEAD manquant)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1247
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you merge."
@@ -7264,11 +11286,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Vous n'avez pas terminé votre fusion (MERGE_HEAD existe).\n"
 "Veuillez valider vos modifications avant de pouvoir fusionner."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1141 git-pull.sh:34
-msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
-msgstr "Vous n'avez pas terminé votre fusion (MERGE_HEAD existe)."
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1145
+#: builtin/merge.c:1254
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you merge."
@@ -7276,154 +11294,166 @@ msgstr ""
 "Vous n'avez pas terminé votre picorage (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD existe).\n"
 "Veuillez valider vos modifications avant de pouvoir fusionner."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1148
+#: builtin/merge.c:1257
 msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr "Vous n'avez pas terminé votre picorage (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD existe)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1157
+#: builtin/merge.c:1266
 msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
 msgstr "Vous ne pouvez pas combiner --squash avec --no-ff."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1166
+#: builtin/merge.c:1274
 msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
 msgstr ""
 "Pas de validation spécifiée et merge.defaultToUpstream n'est pas défini."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1198
-msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
-msgstr ""
-"Possible de fusionner exactement une seule validation dans une tête vide"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1201
+#: builtin/merge.c:1291
 msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
 msgstr "La validation compressée vers une tête vide n'est pas encore supportée"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1203
+#: builtin/merge.c:1293
 msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
 msgstr "Une validation sans avance rapide n'a pas de sens dans une tête vide"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1208
+#: builtin/merge.c:1298
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
 msgstr "%s - pas possible de fusionner ceci"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1259
+#: builtin/merge.c:1300
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+"Possible de fusionner exactement une seule validation dans une tête vide"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1334
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, allegedly by %s."
 msgstr "La validation %s a une signature GPG non fiable, prétendument par %s."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1262
+#: builtin/merge.c:1337
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has a bad GPG signature allegedly by %s."
 msgstr "La validation %s a une mauvaise signature GPG prétendument par %s."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1265
+#: builtin/merge.c:1340
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."
 msgstr "La validation %s n'a pas de signature GPG."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1268
+#: builtin/merge.c:1343
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"
 msgstr "La validation %s a une signature GPG correcte par %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1349
+#: builtin/merge.c:1402
+msgid "refusing to merge unrelated histories"
+msgstr "refus de fusionner des historiques sans relation"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1411
+msgid "Already up to date."
+msgstr "Déjà à jour."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1421
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
 msgstr "Mise à jour %s..%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1388
+#: builtin/merge.c:1462
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
 msgstr "Essai de fusion vraiment triviale dans l'index...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1395
+#: builtin/merge.c:1469
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nope.\n"
 msgstr "Non.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1427
+#: builtin/merge.c:1494
+msgid "Already up to date. Yeeah!"
+msgstr "Déjà à jour. Ouais !"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1500
 msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
 msgstr "Pas possible d'avancer rapidement, abandon."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1450 builtin/merge.c:1529
+#: builtin/merge.c:1523 builtin/merge.c:1602
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
 msgstr "Retour de l'arbre à l'original...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1454
+#: builtin/merge.c:1527
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
 msgstr "Essai de la stratégie de fusion %s...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1520
+#: builtin/merge.c:1593
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
 msgstr "Aucune stratégie de fusion n'a pris en charge la fusion.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1522
+#: builtin/merge.c:1595
 #, c-format
 msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
 msgstr "La fusion avec la stratégie %s a échoué.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1531
+#: builtin/merge.c:1604
 #, c-format
 msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
 msgstr "Utilisation de %s pour préparer la résolution à la main.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1543
+#: builtin/merge.c:1616
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
 msgstr ""
 "La fusion automatique a réussi ; stoppée avant la validation comme demandé\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:29
-msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>..."
-msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] <validation> <validation>..."
-
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:30
-msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>..."
-msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <validation>..."
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] <commit> <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] <commit> <commit>..."
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:31
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <commit>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
 msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
 msgstr "git merge-base --independent <validation>..."
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
 msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
 msgstr "git merge-base --is-ancestor <validation> <validation>"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:34
 msgid "git merge-base --fork-point <ref> [<commit>]"
 msgstr "git merge-base --fork-point <référence> [<validation>]"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:214
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
 msgid "output all common ancestors"
 msgstr "afficher tous les ancêtres communs"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:216
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
 msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
 msgstr "trouver les ancêtres pour une fusion simple à n points"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:218
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:224
 msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
 msgstr "afficher les révisions inaccessibles depuis les autres"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:226
 msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
 msgstr "est le premier ancêtre de l'autre ?"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:228
 msgid "find where <commit> forked from reflog of <ref>"
 msgstr "trouver où <validation> a divergé du reflog de <référence>"
 
-#: builtin/merge-file.c:8
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:9
 msgid ""
-"git merge-file [options] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file "
-"file2"
+"git merge-file [<options>] [-L <name1> [-L <orig> [-L <name2>]]] <file1> "
+"<orig-file> <file2>"
 msgstr ""
-"git merge-file [options] [-L nom1 [-L orig [-L nom2]]] fichier1 orig_file "
-"fichier2"
+"git merge-file [<options>] [-L <nom1> [-L <orig> [-L <nom2>]]] <fichier1> "
+"<fichier-orig> <fichier2>"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:33
 msgid "send results to standard output"
@@ -7454,383 +11484,419 @@ msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
 msgstr "ne pas avertir à propos des conflits"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:45
-msgid "set labels for file1/orig_file/file2"
-msgstr "définir les labels pour fichier1/orig_file/fichier2"
+msgid "set labels for file1/orig-file/file2"
+msgstr "définir les labels pour fichier1/fichier-orig/fichier2"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:45
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option %s"
+msgstr "option inconnue %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:51
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "Impossible d'analyser l'objet '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:55
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d base. Ignoring %s."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d bases. Ignoring %s."
+msgstr[0] "impossible de gérer plus de %d base. %s ignoré."
+msgstr[1] "impossible de gérer plus de %d bases. %s ignoré."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:63
+msgid "not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "impossible de gérer autre chose que la fusion de deux têtes."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:69 builtin/merge-recursive.c:71
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve ref '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de résoudre la référence '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merging %s with %s\n"
+msgstr "Fusion de %s avec %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:64
+#: builtin/mktree.c:65
 msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
 msgstr "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:150
+#: builtin/mktree.c:153
 msgid "input is NUL terminated"
 msgstr "l'entrée se termine par NUL"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:151 builtin/write-tree.c:24
+#: builtin/mktree.c:154 builtin/write-tree.c:25
 msgid "allow missing objects"
 msgstr "autoriser les objets manquants"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:152
+#: builtin/mktree.c:155
 msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
 msgstr "autoriser la création de plus d'un arbre"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:15
-msgid "git mv [options] <source>... <destination>"
-msgstr "git mv [options] <source>... <destination>"
+#: builtin/mv.c:17
+msgid "git mv [<options>] <source>... <destination>"
+msgstr "git mv [<options>] <source>... <destination>"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:69
+#: builtin/mv.c:82
 #, c-format
 msgid "Directory %s is in index and no submodule?"
 msgstr "Le répertoire %s est dans l'index et pourtant aucun sous-module ?"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:71
+#: builtin/mv.c:84 builtin/rm.c:288
 msgid "Please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
 msgstr ""
 "Veuillez indexer vos modifications de .gitmodules ou les remiser pour "
 "continuer"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:89
+#: builtin/mv.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "%.*s is in index"
 msgstr "%.*s est dans l'index"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:111
+#: builtin/mv.c:124
 msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
 msgstr "forcer le déplacement/renommage même si la cible existe"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:112
+#: builtin/mv.c:126
 msgid "skip move/rename errors"
 msgstr "sauter les erreurs de déplacement/renommage"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:151
+#: builtin/mv.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination '%s' is not a directory"
 msgstr "la destination '%s' n'est pas un répertoire"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:162
+#: builtin/mv.c:179
 #, c-format
 msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Vérification du renommage de '%s' en '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:166
+#: builtin/mv.c:183
 msgid "bad source"
 msgstr "mauvaise source"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:169
+#: builtin/mv.c:186
 msgid "can not move directory into itself"
 msgstr "impossible de déplacer un répertoire dans lui-même"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:172
+#: builtin/mv.c:189
 msgid "cannot move directory over file"
 msgstr "impossible de déplacer un répertoire sur un fichier"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#: builtin/mv.c:198
 msgid "source directory is empty"
 msgstr "le répertoire source est vide"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:206
+#: builtin/mv.c:223
 msgid "not under version control"
 msgstr "pas sous le contrôle de version"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:209
+#: builtin/mv.c:226
 msgid "destination exists"
 msgstr "la destination existe"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:217
+#: builtin/mv.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "overwriting '%s'"
 msgstr "écrasement de '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:220
+#: builtin/mv.c:237
 msgid "Cannot overwrite"
 msgstr "Impossible d'écraser"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:223
+#: builtin/mv.c:240
 msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
 msgstr "multiples sources pour la même destination"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:225
+#: builtin/mv.c:242
 msgid "destination directory does not exist"
 msgstr "le répertoire de destination n'existe pas"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:232
+#: builtin/mv.c:249
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
 msgstr "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:253
+#: builtin/mv.c:270
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
 msgstr "Renommage de %s en %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:256 builtin/remote.c:728 builtin/repack.c:355
+#: builtin/mv.c:276 builtin/remote.c:715 builtin/repack.c:409
 #, c-format
 msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
 msgstr "le renommage de '%s' a échoué"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:255
-msgid "git name-rev [options] <commit>..."
-msgstr "git name-rev [options] <validation>..."
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:338
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git name-rev [<options>] <validation>..."
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:256
-msgid "git name-rev [options] --all"
-msgstr "git name-rev [options] --all"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:339
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --all"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<options>] --all"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:257
-msgid "git name-rev [options] --stdin"
-msgstr "git name-rev [options] --stdin"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:340
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --stdin"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<options>] --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:309
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:395
 msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
 msgstr "afficher seulement les noms (pas de SHA-1)"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:310
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:396
 msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
 msgstr "utiliser seulement les étiquettes pour nommer les validations"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:312
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:398
 msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
 msgstr "utiliser seulement les références correspondant à <motif>"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:314
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:400
+msgid "ignore refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "ignorer les références correspondant à <motif>"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:402
 msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
 msgstr ""
 "afficher toutes les validations accessibles depuis toutes les références"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:315
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:403
 msgid "read from stdin"
 msgstr "lire depuis l'entrée standard"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:316
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:404
 msgid "allow to print `undefined` names (default)"
 msgstr "autoriser l'affichage des noms `non définis` (par défaut)"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:322
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:410
 msgid "dereference tags in the input (internal use)"
 msgstr "déréférencer les étiquettes en entrée (usage interne)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:24
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <références_notes>] [list [<object>]]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:26
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <références-notes>] [list [<object>]]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:25
+#: builtin/notes.c:27
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
 "| (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git notes [--ref <références_notes>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <message> "
+"git notes [--ref <références-notes>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <message> "
 "| -F <fichier> | (-c | -C) <objet>] [<objet>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:26
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:28
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
 msgstr ""
-"git notes [--ref <références_notes>] copy [-f] <depuis-objet> <vers-objet>"
+"git notes [--ref <références-notes>] copy [-f] <depuis-objet> <vers-objet>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:27
+#: builtin/notes.c:29
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
 "(-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git notes [--ref <références_notes>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <message> | -"
+"git notes [--ref <références-notes>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <message> | -"
 "F <fichier> | (-c | -C) <objet>] [<objet>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:28
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <références_notes>] edit [--allow-empty] [<objet>]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:30
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <références-notes>] edit [--allow-empty] [<objet>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:29
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <références_notes>] show [<objet>]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:31
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] show [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <références-notes>] show [<objet>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:30
+#: builtin/notes.c:32
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>"
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy>] <notes-ref>"
 msgstr ""
-"git notes [--ref <références_notes>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <stratégie> ] "
-"<références_notes>"
+"git notes [--ref <références-notes>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <stratégie> ] "
+"<références-notes>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:31
+#: builtin/notes.c:33
 msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:32
+#: builtin/notes.c:34
 msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:33
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<object>...]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <références_notes>] remove [<objet>...]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:35
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] remove [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <références-notes>] remove [<objet>...]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:34
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <références_notes>] prune [-n | -v]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:36
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] prune [-n] [-v]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <référence-notes>] prune [-n] [-v]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:35
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <références_notes>] get-ref"
+#: builtin/notes.c:37
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] get-ref"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <références-notes>] get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:40
+#: builtin/notes.c:42
 msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
 msgstr "git notes [list [<objet>]]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:45
+#: builtin/notes.c:47
 msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes add [<options>] [<objet>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:50
+#: builtin/notes.c:52
 msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
 msgstr "git notes copy [<options>] <depuis-objet> <vers-objet>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:51
+#: builtin/notes.c:53
 msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
 msgstr "git notes copy --stdin [<depuis-objet> <vers-objet>]..."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:56
+#: builtin/notes.c:58
 msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes append [<options>] [<objet>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:61
+#: builtin/notes.c:63
 msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes edit [<objet>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:66
+#: builtin/notes.c:68
 msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes show [<objet>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:71
-msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes_ref>"
-msgstr "git notes merge [<options>] <références_notes>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:73
+msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes-ref>"
+msgstr "git notes merge [<options>] <références-notes>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:72
+#: builtin/notes.c:74
 msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:73
+#: builtin/notes.c:75
 msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:78
+#: builtin/notes.c:80
 msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes remove [<objet>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:83
+#: builtin/notes.c:85
 msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes prune [<options>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:88
+#: builtin/notes.c:90
 msgid "git notes get-ref"
 msgstr "git notes get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:146
+#: builtin/notes.c:95
+msgid "Write/edit the notes for the following object:"
+msgstr "Écrire/éditer les notes pour l'objet suivant :"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:148
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible de démarrer 'show' pour l'objet '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:150
+#: builtin/notes.c:152
 msgid "could not read 'show' output"
 msgstr "impossible de lire la sortie de 'show'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:158
+#: builtin/notes.c:160
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible de finir 'show' pour l'objet '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:173 builtin/tag.c:477
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not create file '%s'"
-msgstr "impossible de créer le fichier '%s'"
+#: builtin/notes.c:195
+msgid "please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+msgstr "veuillez fournir le contenu de la note en utilisant l'option -m ou -F"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:192
-msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
-msgstr "Veuillez fournir le contenu de la note en utilisant l'option -m ou -F"
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:201
+#: builtin/notes.c:204
 msgid "unable to write note object"
 msgstr "impossible d'écrire l'objet note"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:203
+#: builtin/notes.c:206
 #, c-format
-msgid "The note contents have been left in %s"
-msgstr "Le contenu de la note a été laissé dans %s"
+msgid "the note contents have been left in %s"
+msgstr "le contenu de la note a été laissé dans %s"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:231 builtin/tag.c:693
+#: builtin/notes.c:234 builtin/tag.c:507
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible de lire '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:233 builtin/tag.c:696
+#: builtin/notes.c:236 builtin/tag.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir ou lire '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:252 builtin/notes.c:303 builtin/notes.c:305
-#: builtin/notes.c:365 builtin/notes.c:420 builtin/notes.c:506
-#: builtin/notes.c:511 builtin/notes.c:589 builtin/notes.c:652
-#: builtin/notes.c:854 builtin/tag.c:709
+#: builtin/notes.c:255 builtin/notes.c:306 builtin/notes.c:308
+#: builtin/notes.c:376 builtin/notes.c:431 builtin/notes.c:517
+#: builtin/notes.c:522 builtin/notes.c:600 builtin/notes.c:662
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
-msgstr "Impossible de résoudre '%s' comme une référence valide."
+msgid "failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "impossible de résoudre '%s' comme une référence valide."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:255
+#: builtin/notes.c:258
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
-msgstr "Impossible de lire l'objet '%s'."
+msgid "failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr "impossible de lire l'objet '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:259
+#: builtin/notes.c:262
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
-msgstr "Impossible de lire les informations de note d'un objet non-blob '%s'."
+msgid "cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
+msgstr "impossible de lire les informations de note d'un objet non-blob '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:299
+#: builtin/notes.c:302
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
-msgstr "Ligne en entrée malformée : '%s'."
+msgid "malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "ligne en entrée malformée : '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:314
+#: builtin/notes.c:317
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr "Impossible de copier les notes de '%s' vers '%s'"
+msgid "failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de copier les notes de '%s' vers '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:358 builtin/notes.c:413 builtin/notes.c:489
-#: builtin/notes.c:501 builtin/notes.c:577 builtin/notes.c:645
-#: builtin/notes.c:919
+#. TRANSLATORS: the first %s will be replaced by a git
+#. notes command: 'add', 'merge', 'remove', etc.
+#.
+#: builtin/notes.c:349
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to %s notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "Refus de faire %s sur des notes dans %s (hors de refs/notes/)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:369 builtin/notes.c:424 builtin/notes.c:500
+#: builtin/notes.c:512 builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:655
+#: builtin/notes.c:805 builtin/notes.c:952 builtin/notes.c:973
 msgid "too many parameters"
 msgstr "trop de paramètres"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:371 builtin/notes.c:658
+#: builtin/notes.c:382 builtin/notes.c:668
 #, c-format
-msgid "No note found for object %s."
-msgstr "Pas de note trouvée pour l'objet %s."
+msgid "no note found for object %s."
+msgstr "pas de note trouvée pour l'objet %s."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:392 builtin/notes.c:555
+#: builtin/notes.c:403 builtin/notes.c:566
 msgid "note contents as a string"
 msgstr "contenu de la note sous forme de chaîne"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:395 builtin/notes.c:558
+#: builtin/notes.c:406 builtin/notes.c:569
 msgid "note contents in a file"
 msgstr "contenu de la note dans un fichier"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:397 builtin/notes.c:400 builtin/notes.c:560
-#: builtin/notes.c:563 builtin/tag.c:628
-msgid "object"
-msgstr "objet"
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:398 builtin/notes.c:561
+#: builtin/notes.c:409 builtin/notes.c:572
 msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
 msgstr "réutiliser et éditer l'objet de note spécifié"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:401 builtin/notes.c:564
+#: builtin/notes.c:412 builtin/notes.c:575
 msgid "reuse specified note object"
 msgstr "réutiliser l'objet de note spécifié"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:404 builtin/notes.c:567
+#: builtin/notes.c:415 builtin/notes.c:578
 msgid "allow storing empty note"
 msgstr "permettre de stocker une note vide"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:476
+#: builtin/notes.c:416 builtin/notes.c:487
 msgid "replace existing notes"
 msgstr "remplacer les notes existantes"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:430
+#: builtin/notes.c:441
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
@@ -7839,30 +11905,30 @@ msgstr ""
 "Impossible d'ajouter des notes. Des notes ont été trouvées pour l'objet %s. "
 "Utilisez '-f' pour écraser les notes existantes"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:445 builtin/notes.c:524
+#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:535
 #, c-format
 msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
 msgstr "Écrasement des notes existantes pour l'objet %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:617 builtin/notes.c:859
+#: builtin/notes.c:467 builtin/notes.c:627 builtin/notes.c:892
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
 msgstr "Suppression de la note pour l'objet %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:477
+#: builtin/notes.c:488
 msgid "read objects from stdin"
 msgstr "lire les objets depuis l'entrée standard"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:479
+#: builtin/notes.c:490
 msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
 msgstr ""
 "charger la configuration de réécriture pour <commande> (implique --stdin)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:497
+#: builtin/notes.c:508
 msgid "too few parameters"
 msgstr "pas assez de paramètres"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:518
+#: builtin/notes.c:529
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
@@ -7871,12 +11937,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "Impossible de copier des notes. Des notes ont été trouvées pour l'objet %s. "
 "Utilisez '-f' pour écraser les notes existantes"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:530
+#: builtin/notes.c:541
 #, c-format
-msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
-msgstr "Notes manquantes sur l'objet source %s. Impossible de copier."
+msgid "missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr "notes manquantes sur l'objet source %s. Impossible de copier."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:582
+#: builtin/notes.c:593
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
@@ -7885,15 +11951,52 @@ msgstr ""
 "Les options -m/-F/-c/-C sont obsolètes pour la sous-commande 'edit'.\n"
 "Veuillez utiliser 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' à la place.\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:750
+#: builtin/notes.c:688
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "échec de la suppression de la référence NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:690
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "échec de la suppression de la référence NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:692
+msgid "failed to remove 'git notes merge' worktree"
+msgstr "échec de la suppression de la copie de travail 'git notes merge'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:712
+msgid "failed to read ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "échec de la lecture de la référence NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:714
+msgid "could not find commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "impossible de trouver le commit de NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:716
+msgid "could not parse commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "impossible d'analyser le commit de NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:729
+msgid "failed to resolve NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "échec de la résolution de NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:732
+msgid "failed to finalize notes merge"
+msgstr "impossible de finaliser la fusion de notes"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown notes merge strategy %s"
+msgstr "stratégie de fusion de notes inconnue %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:774
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Options générales"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:752
+#: builtin/notes.c:776
 msgid "Merge options"
 msgstr "Options de fusion"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:754
+#: builtin/notes.c:778
 msgid ""
 "resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
 "cat_sort_uniq)"
@@ -7901,295 +12004,570 @@ msgstr ""
 "résoudre les conflits de notes en utilisant la stratégie donnée (manual/ours/"
 "theirs/union/cat_sort_uniq)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:756
+#: builtin/notes.c:780
 msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr "Validation des notes non fusionnées"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#: builtin/notes.c:782
 msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr "finaliser la fusion de notes en validant les notes non fusionnées"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:760
+#: builtin/notes.c:784
 msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
 msgstr "Abandon de la résolution de fusion des notes"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:762
+#: builtin/notes.c:786
 msgid "abort notes merge"
 msgstr "abandonner la fusion de notes"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:857
+#: builtin/notes.c:797
+msgid "cannot mix --commit, --abort or -s/--strategy"
+msgstr "--commit, --abort et -s/--strategy sont mutuellement incompatibles"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:802
+msgid "must specify a notes ref to merge"
+msgstr "vous devez spécifier une référence de notes à fusionner"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:826
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown -s/--strategy: %s"
+msgstr "-s/--strategy inconnu : %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:863
+#, c-format
+msgid "a notes merge into %s is already in-progress at %s"
+msgstr "une fusion de notes dans %s est déjà en cours avec %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to store link to current notes ref (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+"impossible de stocker le lien vers la référence actuelle aux notes (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:868
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Automatic notes merge failed. Fix conflicts in %s and commit the result with "
+"'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with 'git notes merge --"
+"abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"La fusion automatique des notes a échoué. Corrigez les conflits dans %s et "
+"valide le résultat avec 'git notes merges --commit', ou abandonnez la fusion "
+"avec 'git notes merge --abort'.\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:890
 #, c-format
 msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
 msgstr "L'objet %s n'a pas de note\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:869
+#: builtin/notes.c:902
 msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
 msgstr ""
 "la tentative de suppression d'une note non existante n'est pas une erreur"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:872
+#: builtin/notes.c:905
 msgid "read object names from the standard input"
 msgstr "lire les noms d'objet depuis l'entrée standard"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:953
+#: builtin/notes.c:943 builtin/prune.c:107 builtin/worktree.c:151
+msgid "do not remove, show only"
+msgstr "ne pas supprimer, afficher seulement"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:944
+msgid "report pruned notes"
+msgstr "afficher les notes éliminées"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:986
 msgid "notes-ref"
 msgstr "références-notes"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:954
-msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
-msgstr "utiliser les notes depuis <références_notes>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:987
+msgid "use notes from <notes-ref>"
+msgstr "utiliser les notes depuis <références-notes>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:989 builtin/remote.c:1621
+#: builtin/notes.c:1022
 #, c-format
-msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
-msgstr "Sous-commande inconnue : %s"
+msgid "unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "sous-commande inconnue : %s"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:28
-msgid "git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:48
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<options>...] [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< liste-références | < liste-objets]"
+"git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< <liste-références> | < <liste-"
+"objets>]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:29
-msgid "git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:49
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects [<options>...] <base-name> [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< liste-références | < liste-objets]"
+"git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< <liste-références> | < <liste-"
+"objets>]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:177 builtin/pack-objects.c:180
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:211 builtin/pack-objects.c:214
 #, c-format
 msgid "deflate error (%d)"
 msgstr "erreur de compression (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:773
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:810
+msgid "disabling bitmap writing, packs are split due to pack.packSizeLimit"
+msgstr ""
+"désactivation de l'écriture en bitmap, les fichiers paquets sont scindés à "
+"cause de pack.packSizeLimit"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:823
 msgid "Writing objects"
 msgstr "Écriture des objets"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1015
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1106
 msgid "disabling bitmap writing, as some objects are not being packed"
 msgstr ""
 "désactivation de l'écriture en bitmap car certains objets ne sont pas "
 "compressés"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2175
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1765
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "Décompte des objets"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1895
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to get size of %s"
+msgstr "impossible de récupérer la taille de %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1910
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse object header of %s"
+msgstr "impossible d'analyser l'entête d'objet de %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2564
 msgid "Compressing objects"
 msgstr "Compression des objets"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2572
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2735
+msgid "invalid value for --missing"
+msgstr "valeur invalide pour --missing"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3067
 #, c-format
 msgid "unsupported index version %s"
 msgstr "version d'index non supportée %s"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2576
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3071
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad index version '%s'"
 msgstr "mauvaise version d'index '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2599
-#, c-format
-msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
-msgstr "l'option %s n'accepte pas de valeur négative"
-
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2603
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
-msgstr "impossible d'analyser la valeur '%s' pour l'option %s"
-
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2623
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3102
 msgid "do not show progress meter"
 msgstr "ne pas afficher la barre de progression"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2625
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3104
 msgid "show progress meter"
 msgstr "afficher la barre de progression"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2627
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3106
 msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
 msgstr "afficher la barre de progression durant la phase d'écrite des objets"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2630
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3109
 msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
 msgstr "similaire à --all-progress quand la barre de progression est affichée"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2631
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3110
 msgid "version[,offset]"
 msgstr "version[,offset]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2632
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3111
 msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
 msgstr ""
 "écrire le fichier d'index du paquet dans le format d'index de version "
 "spécifié"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2635
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3114
 msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
 msgstr "taille maximum de chaque fichier paquet en sortie"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2637
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3116
 msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
 msgstr "ignorer les objets empruntés à un autre magasin d'objets"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2639
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3118
 msgid "ignore packed objects"
 msgstr "ignorer les objets empaquetés"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2641
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3120
 msgid "limit pack window by objects"
 msgstr "limiter la fenêtre d'empaquetage par objets"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2643
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3122
 msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
 msgstr ""
 "limiter la fenêtre d'empaquetage par mémoire en plus de la limite d'objets"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2645
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3124
 msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
 msgstr ""
 "longueur maximum de la chaîne de delta autorisée dans le paquet résultant"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2647
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3126
 msgid "reuse existing deltas"
 msgstr "réutiliser les deltas existants"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2649
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3128
 msgid "reuse existing objects"
 msgstr "réutiliser les objets existants"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2651
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3130
 msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
 msgstr "utiliser les objets OFS_DELTA"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2653
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3132
 msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
 msgstr ""
 "utiliser des fils lors de la recherche pour une meilleurs correspondance des "
 "deltas"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2655
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3134
 msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
 msgstr "ne pas créer un paquet vide"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2657
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3136
 msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
 msgstr "lire les paramètres de révision depuis l'entrée standard"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2659
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3138
 msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
 msgstr "limiter les objets à ceux qui ne sont pas encore empaquetés"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2662
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3141
 msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
 msgstr "inclure les objets accessibles depuis toute référence"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2665
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3144
 msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
 msgstr "inclure les objets référencés par les éléments de reflog"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2668
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3147
 msgid "include objects referred to by the index"
 msgstr "inclure les objets référencés par l'index"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2671
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3150
 msgid "output pack to stdout"
 msgstr "afficher l'empaquetage sur la sortie standard"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2673
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3152
 msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
 msgstr "inclure les objets d'étiquettes qui réfèrent à des objets à empaqueter"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2675
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3154
 msgid "keep unreachable objects"
 msgstr "garder les objets inaccessibles"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2676 parse-options.h:140
-msgid "time"
-msgstr "heure"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3156
+msgid "pack loose unreachable objects"
+msgstr "empaqueter les objets inaccessibles détachés"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2677
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3158
 msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
 msgstr "dépaqueter les objets inaccessibles plus récents que <heure>"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2680
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3161
 msgid "create thin packs"
 msgstr "créer des paquets légers"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2682
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3163
 msgid "create packs suitable for shallow fetches"
 msgstr "créer des paquets permettant des récupérations superficielles"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2684
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3165
 msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
 msgstr "ignorer les paquets qui ont un fichier .keep"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2686
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3167
+msgid "ignore this pack"
+msgstr "ignorer ce paquet"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3169
 msgid "pack compression level"
 msgstr "niveau de compression du paquet"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2688
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3171
 msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
 msgstr "ne pas cacher les validations par greffes"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2690
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3173
 msgid "use a bitmap index if available to speed up counting objects"
 msgstr ""
 "utiliser un index en bitmap si disponible pour accélerer le décompte des "
 "objets"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2692
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3175
 msgid "write a bitmap index together with the pack index"
 msgstr "écrire un index en bitmap associé à l'index de paquet"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2783
-msgid "Counting objects"
-msgstr "Décompte des objets"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3178
+msgid "handling for missing objects"
+msgstr "gestion des objets manquants"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3181
+msgid "do not pack objects in promisor packfiles"
+msgstr "ne pas empaqueter les objets dans les fichiers paquets prometteurs"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3205
+#, c-format
+msgid "delta chain depth %d is too deep, forcing %d"
+msgstr "la profondeur %d de chaîne de delta est trop grande, forcée à %d"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3210
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack.deltaCacheLimit is too high, forcing %d"
+msgstr "pack.deltaCacheLimit est trop grand, forcé à %d"
 
-#: builtin/pack-refs.c:6
-msgid "git pack-refs [options]"
-msgstr "git pack-refs [options]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3338
+msgid "Enumerating objects"
+msgstr "Énumération des objets"
 
-#: builtin/pack-refs.c:14
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:7
+msgid "git pack-refs [<options>]"
+msgstr "git pack-refs [<options>]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
 msgid "pack everything"
 msgstr "empaqueter tout"
 
-#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:16
 msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
 msgstr "éliminer les références perdues (défaut)"
 
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:7
-msgid "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
-msgstr "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:8
+msgid "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
+msgstr "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
 
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:40
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:41
 msgid "Removing duplicate objects"
 msgstr "Suppression des objets dupliqués"
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:12
-msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
-msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <heure>] [--] [<head>...]"
-
-#: builtin/prune.c:106
-msgid "do not remove, show only"
-msgstr "ne pas supprimer, afficher seulement"
+#: builtin/prune.c:11
+msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
+msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <heure>] [--] [<head>…]"
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:107
+#: builtin/prune.c:108
 msgid "report pruned objects"
 msgstr "afficher les objets éliminés"
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:110
+#: builtin/prune.c:111
 msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
 msgstr "faire expirer les objets plus vieux que <heure>"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:14
+#: builtin/prune.c:113
+msgid "limit traversal to objects outside promisor packfiles"
+msgstr "limiter la traversée aux objets hors des fichiers paquets prometteurs"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:127
+msgid "cannot prune in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "impossible de nettoyer dans un dépôt d'objets précieux"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:59 builtin/pull.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "Valeur invalide pour %s : %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:81
+msgid "git pull [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git pull [<options>] [<dépôt> [<spécification-de-référence>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:132
+msgid "control for recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr "contrôler la récupération récursive dans les sous-modules"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:136
+msgid "Options related to merging"
+msgstr "Options relatives à la fusion"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:139
+msgid "incorporate changes by rebasing rather than merging"
+msgstr "incorporer les modifications en rebasant plutôt qu'en fusionnant"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:166 builtin/rebase--helper.c:23 builtin/revert.c:121
+msgid "allow fast-forward"
+msgstr "autoriser l'avance rapide"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:175
+msgid "automatically stash/stash pop before and after rebase"
+msgstr "remiser avant et réappliquer après le rebasage automatiquement"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:191
+msgid "Options related to fetching"
+msgstr "Options relatives au rapatriement"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:209
+msgid "number of submodules pulled in parallel"
+msgstr "nombre de sous-modules tirés en parallèle"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for pull.ff: %s"
+msgstr "Valeur invalide pour pull.ff : %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:420
+msgid ""
+"There is no candidate for rebasing against among the refs that you just "
+"fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Il n'y a pas de candidate sur laquelle rebaser parmi les références que vous "
+"venez de récupérer."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:422
+msgid ""
+"There are no candidates for merging among the refs that you just fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Il n'y a pas de candidate avec laquelle fusionner parmi les références que "
+"vous venez de récupérer."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:423
+msgid ""
+"Generally this means that you provided a wildcard refspec which had no\n"
+"matches on the remote end."
+msgstr ""
+"Généralement, cela signifie que vous avez indiqué un spécificateur\n"
+"de référence joker qui n'a pas eu de correspondance sur le serveur distant."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:426
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You asked to pull from the remote '%s', but did not specify\n"
+"a branch. Because this is not the default configured remote\n"
+"for your current branch, you must specify a branch on the command line."
+msgstr ""
+"Vous avez demandé de tirer depuis le dépôt distant '%s', mais sans indiquer\n"
+"la branche. Comme ce n'est pas le dépôt distant par défaut dans la "
+"configuration\n"
+"pour la branche actuelle, vous devez spécifier la branche avec la commande."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:431 git-parse-remote.sh:73
+msgid "You are not currently on a branch."
+msgstr "Vous n'êtes actuellement sur aucune branche."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:433 builtin/pull.c:448 git-parse-remote.sh:79
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to rebase against."
+msgstr "Veuillez spécifier sur quelle branche vous souhaiter rebaser."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:435 builtin/pull.c:450 git-parse-remote.sh:82
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to merge with."
+msgstr "Veuillez spécifier une branche avec laquelle fusionner."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:436 builtin/pull.c:451
+msgid "See git-pull(1) for details."
+msgstr "Référez-vous à git-pull(1) pour de plus amples détails."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:438 builtin/pull.c:444 builtin/pull.c:453
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:64
+msgid "<remote>"
+msgstr "<distant>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:438 builtin/pull.c:453 builtin/pull.c:458 git-rebase.sh:523
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:65
+msgid "<branch>"
+msgstr "<branche>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:446 git-parse-remote.sh:75
+msgid "There is no tracking information for the current branch."
+msgstr "Pas d'information de suivi distant pour la branche actuelle."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:455 git-parse-remote.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:"
+msgstr ""
+"Si vous souhaitez indiquer l'information de suivi distant pour cette "
+"branche, vous pouvez le faire avec :"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:460
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your configuration specifies to merge with the ref '%s'\n"
+"from the remote, but no such ref was fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Votre information de configuration indique de fusionner avec la référence "
+"'%s'\n"
+"du serveur distant, mais cette référence n'a pas été récupérée."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:826
+msgid "ignoring --verify-signatures for rebase"
+msgstr "--verify-signatures est ignoré pour un rebasage"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:874
+msgid "--[no-]autostash option is only valid with --rebase."
+msgstr "l'option --[no-]autostash n'est valide qu'avec --rebase."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:882
+msgid "Updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index."
+msgstr ""
+"Mise à jour d'une branche non encore créée avec les changements ajoutés dans "
+"l'index."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:885
+msgid "pull with rebase"
+msgstr "tirer avec un rebasage"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:886
+msgid "please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "veuillez les valider ou les remiser."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:911
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"commit %s."
+msgstr ""
+"la récupération a mis à jour la tête de la branche actuelle.\n"
+"avance rapide de votre copie de travail\n"
+"depuis le commit %s."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:916
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot fast-forward your working tree.\n"
+"After making sure that you saved anything precious from\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"output, run\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"to recover."
+msgstr ""
+"Avance rapide de votre arbre de travail impossible.\n"
+"Après avoir vérifié que toute modification précieuse a été sauvegardée avec\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"lancez\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"pour régénérer."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:931
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head."
+msgstr "Impossible de fusionner de multiples branches sur une tête vide."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:935
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches."
+msgstr "Impossible de rebaser sur de multiples branches."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:942
+msgid "cannot rebase with locally recorded submodule modifications"
+msgstr ""
+"impossible de rebaser avec des modifications de sous-modules enregistrées "
+"localement"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:19
 msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
 msgstr "git push [<options>] [<dépôt> [<spécification-de-référence>...]]"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:85
+#: builtin/push.c:111
 msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
 msgstr "raccourci d'étiquette sans <étiquette>"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:95
+#: builtin/push.c:121
 msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
 msgstr "--delete accepte seulement des noms entiers de références cibles"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:139
+#: builtin/push.c:165
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
@@ -8198,7 +12576,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Pour choisir l'option de manière permanente, voir push.default dans 'git "
 "help config'."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:142
+#: builtin/push.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
@@ -8223,7 +12601,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "    git push %s %s\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:157
+#: builtin/push.c:183
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are not currently on a branch.\n"
@@ -8238,7 +12616,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push %s HEAD:<nom-de-la-branche-amont>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:171
+#: builtin/push.c:197
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
@@ -8252,13 +12630,13 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:179
+#: builtin/push.c:205
 #, c-format
 msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
 msgstr ""
 "La branche courante %s a de multiples branches amont, impossible de pousser."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:182
+#: builtin/push.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
@@ -8269,65 +12647,14 @@ msgstr ""
 "pas une branche amont de votre branche courante '%s', sans me dire\n"
 "quoi pousser pour mettre à jour quelle branche amont."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:205
-msgid ""
-"push.default is unset; its implicit value has changed in\n"
-"Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
-"and maintain the traditional behavior, use:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-"\n"
-"To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-"\n"
-"When push.default is set to 'matching', git will push local branches\n"
-"to the remote branches that already exist with the same name.\n"
-"\n"
-"Since Git 2.0, Git defaults to the more conservative 'simple'\n"
-"behavior, which only pushes the current branch to the corresponding\n"
-"remote branch that 'git pull' uses to update the current branch.\n"
-"\n"
-"See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
-"information.\n"
-"(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
-"'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
-msgstr ""
-"push.default n'est pas défini ; sa valeur implicite a changé dans Git 2.0\n"
-"de 'matching' vers 'simple'. Pour supprimer ce message et maintenir\n"
-"le comportement actuel après la modification de la valeur de défaut, "
-"utilisez :\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-"\n"
-"Pour supprimer ce message et adopter le nouveau comportement maintenant, "
-"utilisez :\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-"\n"
-"Quand push.default vaudra 'matching', git poussera les branches locales\n"
-"sur les branches distantes qui existent déjà avec le même nom.\n"
-"\n"
-"Depuis Git 2.0, Git utilise par défaut le comportement plus conservatif "
-"'simple'\n"
-"qui ne pousse la branche courante que vers la branche distante "
-"correspondante\n"
-"que 'git pull' utilise pour mettre à jour la branche courante.\n"
-" \n"
-"Voir 'git help config' et chercher 'push.default' pour plus d'information.\n"
-"(le mode 'simple' a été introduit dans Git 1.7.11. Utilisez le mode "
-"similaire\n"
-"'current' au lieu de 'simple' si vous utilisez de temps en temps d'anciennes "
-"versions de Git)"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:272
+#: builtin/push.c:267
 msgid ""
 "You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
 msgstr ""
 "Vous n'avez pas spécifié de spécifications de référence à pousser, et push."
 "default est \"nothing\"."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:279
+#: builtin/push.c:274
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
 "its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.\n"
@@ -8342,7 +12669,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Voir la 'Note à propos des avances rapides' dans 'git push --help' pour plus "
 "d'information."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:285
+#: builtin/push.c:280
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
 "counterpart. Check out this branch and integrate the remote changes\n"
@@ -8351,13 +12678,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Les mises à jour ont été rejetées car la pointe de la branche courante est "
 "derrière\n"
-"son homologue distant. Extrayez cette branche et Intégrez les changements "
+"son homologue distant. Extrayez cette branche et intégrez les changements "
 "distants\n"
 "(par exemple 'git pull ...') avant de pousser à nouveau.\n"
 "Voir la 'Note à propos des avances rapides' dans 'git push --help' pour plus "
 "d'information."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:291
+#: builtin/push.c:286
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
 "not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
@@ -8375,13 +12702,13 @@ msgstr ""
 "Voir la 'Note à propos des avances rapides' dans 'git push --help' pour plus "
 "d'information."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:298
+#: builtin/push.c:293
 msgid "Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote."
 msgstr ""
 "Les mises à jour ont été rejetées car l'étiquette existe déjà dans la "
 "branche distante."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:301
+#: builtin/push.c:296
 msgid ""
 "You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
 "or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
@@ -8393,22 +12720,22 @@ msgstr ""
 "pointer\n"
 "vers un objet qui n'est pas un commit, sans utiliser l'option '--force'.\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:360
+#: builtin/push.c:357
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
 msgstr "Poussée vers %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:364
+#: builtin/push.c:361
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
 msgstr "impossible de pousser des références vers '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:394
+#: builtin/push.c:395
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad repository '%s'"
 msgstr "mauvais dépôt '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:395
+#: builtin/push.c:396
 msgid ""
 "No configured push destination.\n"
 "Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
@@ -8430,273 +12757,401 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push <nom>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:410
-msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
-msgstr "--all et --tags sont incompatibles"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:411
-msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
-msgstr "--all ne peut pas être combiné avec des spécifications de référence"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:416
-msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
-msgstr "--mirror et --tags sont incompatibles"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:417
-msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
-msgstr "--mirror ne peut pas être combiné avec des spécifications de référence"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:422
-msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
-msgstr "--all et --mirror sont incompatibles"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:493
+#: builtin/push.c:551
 msgid "repository"
 msgstr "dépôt"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:494
+#: builtin/push.c:552 builtin/send-pack.c:164
 msgid "push all refs"
 msgstr "pousser toutes les références"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:495
+#: builtin/push.c:553 builtin/send-pack.c:166
 msgid "mirror all refs"
 msgstr "refléter toutes les références"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:497
+#: builtin/push.c:555
 msgid "delete refs"
 msgstr "supprimer les références"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:498
+#: builtin/push.c:556
 msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
 msgstr ""
 "pousser les étiquettes (ne peut pas être utilisé avec --all ou --mirror)"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:501
+#: builtin/push.c:559 builtin/send-pack.c:167
 msgid "force updates"
 msgstr "forcer les mises à jour"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:503
+#: builtin/push.c:561 builtin/send-pack.c:181
 msgid "refname>:<expect"
 msgstr "nom de référence>:<attendu"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:504
+#: builtin/push.c:562 builtin/send-pack.c:182
 msgid "require old value of ref to be at this value"
 msgstr "exiger que l'ancienne valeur de la référence soit à cette valeur"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:507
+#: builtin/push.c:565
 msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
 msgstr "contrôler la poussée récursive des sous-modules"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:509
+#: builtin/push.c:567 builtin/send-pack.c:175
 msgid "use thin pack"
 msgstr "utiliser un empaquetage léger"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:510 builtin/push.c:511
+#: builtin/push.c:568 builtin/push.c:569 builtin/send-pack.c:161
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:162
 msgid "receive pack program"
 msgstr "recevoir le programme d'empaquetage"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:512
+#: builtin/push.c:570
 msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
 msgstr "définir la branche amont pour git pull/status"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:515
+#: builtin/push.c:573
 msgid "prune locally removed refs"
 msgstr "éliminer les références locales supprimées"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:517
+#: builtin/push.c:575
 msgid "bypass pre-push hook"
 msgstr "éviter d'utiliser le crochet pre-push"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:518
+#: builtin/push.c:576
 msgid "push missing but relevant tags"
 msgstr "pousser les étiquettes manquantes mais pertinentes"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:520
+#: builtin/push.c:579 builtin/send-pack.c:169
 msgid "GPG sign the push"
 msgstr "signer la poussée avec GPG"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:529
+#: builtin/push.c:581 builtin/send-pack.c:176
+msgid "request atomic transaction on remote side"
+msgstr "demande une transaction atomique sur le serveur distant"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:599
 msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
 msgstr "--delete est incompatible avec --all, --mirror et --tags"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:531
+#: builtin/push.c:601
 msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
 msgstr "--delete n'a pas de sens sans aucune référence"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:37
+#: builtin/push.c:604
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all et --tags sont incompatibles"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:606
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--all ne peut pas être combiné avec des spécifications de référence"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:610
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--mirror et --tags sont incompatibles"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:612
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--mirror ne peut pas être combiné avec des spécifications de référence"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:615
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all et --mirror sont incompatibles"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:634
+msgid "push options must not have new line characters"
+msgstr ""
+"les options de poussée ne peuvent pas contenir de caractères de nouvelle "
+"ligne"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:40
 msgid ""
-"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] "
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>) "
 "[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
 "index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
 msgstr ""
-"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --"
-"prefix=<préfixe>] [-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-"
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --"
+"prefix=<préfixe>) [-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-"
 "sparse-checkout] [--index-output=<fichier>] (--empty | <arbre ou apparenté "
 "1> [<arbre ou apparenté 2> [<arbre ou apparenté 3>]])"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:110
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:120
 msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
 msgstr "écrire l'index résultant dans <fichier>"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:113
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
 msgid "only empty the index"
 msgstr "juste vider l'index"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:115
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:125
 msgid "Merging"
 msgstr "Fusion"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:117
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:127
 msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
 msgstr "effectuer une fusion en plus d'une lecture"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:119
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:129
 msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
 msgstr "fusion à 3 points si aucune fusion de niveau fichier n'est requise"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:121
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:131
 msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
 msgstr "fusion à 3 points en présence d'ajouts et suppressions"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:133
 msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
 msgstr "comme -m, mais annule les éléments non fusionnés"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:124
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
 msgid "<subdirectory>/"
 msgstr "<sous-répertoire>/"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:125
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
 msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
 msgstr "lire l'arbre dans l'index dans <sous-répertoire>/"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:128
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:138
 msgid "update working tree with merge result"
 msgstr "mettre à jour la copie de travail avec le résultat de la fusion"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:130
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:140
 msgid "gitignore"
 msgstr "gitignore"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:131
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:141
 msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
 msgstr "autoriser explicitement les fichiers ignorés à être écrasés"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:144
 msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
 msgstr "ne pas vérifier la copie de travail après la fusion"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:145
 msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
 msgstr "ne pas mettre à jour l'index ou la copie de travail"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:137
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:147
 msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
 msgstr "sauter l'application du filtre d'extraction creuse"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:139
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:149
 msgid "debug unpack-trees"
 msgstr "déboguer unpack-trees"
 
-#: builtin/reflog.c:499
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
-msgstr "%s' pour '%s' n'est pas un horodatage valide"
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:8
+msgid "git rebase--helper [<options>]"
+msgstr "git rebase-helper [<options>]"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:24
+msgid "keep empty commits"
+msgstr "garder les validations vides"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:26 builtin/revert.c:123
+msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
+msgstr "autoriser les validations avec des messages vides"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:27
+msgid "rebase merge commits"
+msgstr "rebaser les commits de fusion"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:29
+msgid "keep original branch points of cousins"
+msgstr "conserver les points de branchement de cousins originaux"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:30
+msgid "continue rebase"
+msgstr "continuer le rebasage"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:32
+msgid "abort rebase"
+msgstr "abandonner le rebasage"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:35
+msgid "make rebase script"
+msgstr "créer les script de rebasage"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:37
+msgid "shorten commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "raccourcir les identifiants de commits dans la liste à-faire"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:39
+msgid "expand commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "étendre les identifiants de commit dans la liste à-faire"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:41
+msgid "check the todo list"
+msgstr "vérifier la liste à-faire"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:43
+msgid "skip unnecessary picks"
+msgstr "éviter les commandes de picorage non nécessaires"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:45
+msgid "rearrange fixup/squash lines"
+msgstr "réarranger les lignes fixup/squash"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:47
+msgid "insert exec commands in todo list"
+msgstr "insérer les commandes exec dans la liste à-faire"
 
-#: builtin/reflog.c:615 builtin/reflog.c:620
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:68
+msgid "--[no-]rebase-cousins has no effect without --rebase-merges"
+msgstr "--[no-]rebase-cousins n'a aucun effet sans --rebase-merges"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:31
+msgid "git receive-pack <git-dir>"
+msgstr "git receive-pack <répertoire-git>"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:842
+msgid ""
+"By default, updating the current branch in a non-bare repository\n"
+"is denied, because it will make the index and work tree inconsistent\n"
+"with what you pushed, and will require 'git reset --hard' to match\n"
+"the work tree to HEAD.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set the 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable\n"
+"to 'ignore' or 'warn' in the remote repository to allow pushing into\n"
+"its current branch; however, this is not recommended unless you\n"
+"arranged to update its work tree to match what you pushed in some\n"
+"other way.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message and still keep the default behaviour, set\n"
+"'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"Par défaut, mettre à jour la branche actuelle dans un dépôt non-nu\n"
+"est réfusé parce que cela rendrait l'index et la copie de travail\n"
+"inconsistants avec ce que vous avez poussé et nécessiterait\n"
+"'git reset --hard' pour réaligner la copie de travail avec HEAD.\n"
+"\n"
+"Vous pouvez régler « receive.denyCurrentBranch » à 'ignore' ou\n"
+"'warn' dans le dépôt distant pour permettre la poussée dans la\n"
+"branche actuelle ; cependant, ce n'est pas recommandé à moins que\n"
+"vous ayez déjà mis à jour sa copie de travail par une moyen détourné\n"
+"pour correspondre à ce que vous avez poussé.\n"
+"\n"
+"Pour éliminer ce message et conserver le comportement par défaut,\n"
+"réglez « receive.denyCurrentBranch » à 'refuse'."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:862
+msgid ""
+"By default, deleting the current branch is denied, because the next\n"
+"'git clone' won't result in any file checked out, causing confusion.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' configuration variable to\n"
+"'warn' or 'ignore' in the remote repository to allow deleting the\n"
+"current branch, with or without a warning message.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message, you can set it to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"Par défaut, supprimer la branche actuelle est refusé parce que le\n"
+"prochain 'git clone' n'extraira aucun fichier et causer de la confusion.\n"
+"\n"
+"Vous pouvez régler « receive.denyDeleteCurrent » à 'warn' ou 'ignore'\n"
+"dans le dépôt distant pour permettre la suppression la branche actuelle\n"
+"avec ou sans message d'avertissement.\n"
+"\n"
+"Pour éliminer ce message, réglez-le à 'refuse'."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1935
+msgid "quiet"
+msgstr "quiet"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1949
+msgid "You must specify a directory."
+msgstr "Vous devez spécifier un répertoire."
+
+#: builtin/reflog.c:532 builtin/reflog.c:537
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid timestamp"
 msgstr "'%s' n'est pas un horodatage valide"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:12
+#: builtin/remote.c:14
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
 msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:13
+#: builtin/remote.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
 "mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
 msgstr ""
-"git remote add [-t <branche>] [-m <maîtresse>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
-"mirror=<fetch|push>] <nom> <URL>"
+"git remote add [-t <branche>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
+"mirror=<fetch|push>] <nom> <url>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:14 builtin/remote.c:33
+#: builtin/remote.c:16 builtin/remote.c:36
 msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
 msgstr "git remote rename <ancienne> <nouvelle>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:15 builtin/remote.c:38
+#: builtin/remote.c:17 builtin/remote.c:41
 msgid "git remote remove <name>"
 msgstr "git remote remove <nom>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:16
-msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete |<branch>)"
-msgstr "git remote set-head <nom> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete |<branche>)"
+#: builtin/remote.c:18 builtin/remote.c:46
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
+msgstr "git remote set-head <nom> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branche>)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:17
+#: builtin/remote.c:19
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <nom>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:18
+#: builtin/remote.c:20
 msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <nom>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:19
+#: builtin/remote.c:21
 msgid ""
 "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
 msgstr ""
 "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<groupe> | "
 "<distante>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:20
+#: builtin/remote.c:22
 msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches [--add] <nom> <branche>..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:21 builtin/remote.c:69
+#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:72
+msgid "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <nom>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:24 builtin/remote.c:77
 msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
 msgstr "git remote set-url [--push] <nom> <nouvelle-URL> [<ancienne-URL>]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:70
+#: builtin/remote.c:25 builtin/remote.c:78
 msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
 msgstr "git remote set-url --add <nom> <nouvelle-URL>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:71
+#: builtin/remote.c:26 builtin/remote.c:79
 msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
 msgstr "git remote set-url --delete <nom> <URL>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:28
+#: builtin/remote.c:31
 msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
 msgstr "git remote add [<options>] <nom> <URL>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:43
-msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
-msgstr "git remote set-head <nom> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branche>)"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:48
+#: builtin/remote.c:51
 msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches <nom> <branche>..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:49
+#: builtin/remote.c:52
 msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches --add <nom> <branche>..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:54
+#: builtin/remote.c:57
 msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote show [<options>] <nom>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:59
+#: builtin/remote.c:62
 msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote prune [<options>] <nom>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:64
+#: builtin/remote.c:67
 msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
 msgstr "git remote update [<options>] [<groupe> | <distante>]..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:88
+#: builtin/remote.c:96
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s"
 msgstr "Mise à jour de %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:120
+#: builtin/remote.c:128
 msgid ""
 "--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
 "\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
@@ -8704,102 +13159,92 @@ msgstr ""
 "--mirror est dangereux et obsolète ; merci\n"
 "\t d'utiliser --mirror=fetch ou --mirror=push à la place"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:137
+#: builtin/remote.c:145
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
 msgstr "argument miroir inconnu : %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:153
+#: builtin/remote.c:161
 msgid "fetch the remote branches"
 msgstr "rapatrier les branches distantes"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:155
+#: builtin/remote.c:163
 msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
 msgstr ""
 "importer toutes les étiquettes et les objets associés lors du rapatriement"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:158
+#: builtin/remote.c:166
 msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
 msgstr "ou ne rapatrier aucune étiquette (--no-tags)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:160
+#: builtin/remote.c:168
 msgid "branch(es) to track"
 msgstr "branche(s) à suivre"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:161
+#: builtin/remote.c:169
 msgid "master branch"
 msgstr "branche maîtresse"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:162
+#: builtin/remote.c:170
 msgid "push|fetch"
 msgstr "push|fetch"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:163
+#: builtin/remote.c:171
 msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
 msgstr ""
 "paramétrer la distante comme miroir pour pousser ou pour rapatrier depuis"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:175
+#: builtin/remote.c:183
 msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
 msgstr "spécifier une branche maîtresse n'a pas de sens avec --mirror"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:177
+#: builtin/remote.c:185
 msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
 msgstr ""
 "spécifier les branches à suivre n'a de sens qu'avec des miroirs de "
 "rapatriement"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:187 builtin/remote.c:643
+#: builtin/remote.c:192 builtin/remote.c:634
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote %s already exists."
 msgstr "la distante %s existe déjà."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:191 builtin/remote.c:647
+#: builtin/remote.c:196 builtin/remote.c:638
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
 msgstr "'%s' n'est pas un nom valide de distante"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:235
+#: builtin/remote.c:236
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
 msgstr "Impossible de paramétrer la maîtresse '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:335
+#: builtin/remote.c:342
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
 msgstr ""
 "Impossible d'obtenir une correspondance distante pour la spécification de "
 "référence %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:436 builtin/remote.c:444
+#: builtin/remote.c:441 builtin/remote.c:449
 msgid "(matching)"
 msgstr "(correspond)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:448
+#: builtin/remote.c:453
 msgid "(delete)"
 msgstr "(supprimer)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:592 builtin/remote.c:598 builtin/remote.c:604
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr "Impossible d'ajouter '%s' à '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:636 builtin/remote.c:795 builtin/remote.c:895
+#: builtin/remote.c:627 builtin/remote.c:762 builtin/remote.c:861
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote: %s"
 msgstr "Distante inconnue : %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:653
+#: builtin/remote.c:644
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr "Impossible de renommer la section de configuration '%s' en '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:659 builtin/remote.c:847
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
-msgstr "Impossible de supprimer la section de configuration '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:674
+#: builtin/remote.c:664
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
@@ -8810,32 +13255,17 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "\tVeuillez mettre à jour la configuration manuellement si nécessaire."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:680
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s'"
-msgstr "Impossible d'ajouter '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:691
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not set '%s'"
-msgstr "Impossible de définir '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:713
+#: builtin/remote.c:700
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
 msgstr "échec de suppression de '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:747
+#: builtin/remote.c:734
 #, c-format
 msgid "creating '%s' failed"
 msgstr "échec de création de '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:766
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove branch %s"
-msgstr "Impossible de supprimer la branche %s"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:833
+#: builtin/remote.c:799
 msgid ""
 "Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
 "to delete it, use:"
@@ -8850,120 +13280,144 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "supprimées ;\n"
 "pour les supprimer, utilisez :"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:948
+#: builtin/remote.c:813
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr "Impossible de supprimer la section de configuration '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:914
 #, c-format
 msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
 msgstr " nouveau (le prochain rapatriement (fetch) stockera dans remotes/%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:951
+#: builtin/remote.c:917
 msgid " tracked"
 msgstr " suivi"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:953
+#: builtin/remote.c:919
 msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
 msgstr " dépassé (utilisez 'git remote prune' pour supprimer)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:955
+#: builtin/remote.c:921
 msgid " ???"
 msgstr " ???"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:996
+#: builtin/remote.c:962
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
 msgstr "branch.%s.merge invalide ; ne peut pas rebaser sur plus d'une branche"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1003
+#: builtin/remote.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively onto remote %s"
+msgstr "rebase de manière interactive sur la distante %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively (with merges) onto remote %s"
+msgstr "rebase de manière interactive (avec fusions) sur la distante %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:976
 #, c-format
 msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
 msgstr "rebase sur la distante %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1006
+#: builtin/remote.c:980
 #, c-format
 msgid " merges with remote %s"
 msgstr " fusionne avec la distante %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1007
-msgid "    and with remote"
-msgstr "    et avec la distante"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:1009
+#: builtin/remote.c:983
 #, c-format
 msgid "merges with remote %s"
 msgstr "fusionne avec la distante %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1010
-msgid "   and with remote"
-msgstr "   et avec la distante"
+#: builtin/remote.c:986
+#, c-format
+msgid "%-*s    and with remote %s\n"
+msgstr "%-*s    et avec la distante %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1056
+#: builtin/remote.c:1029
 msgid "create"
 msgstr "créer"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1059
+#: builtin/remote.c:1032
 msgid "delete"
 msgstr "supprimer"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1063
+#: builtin/remote.c:1036
 msgid "up to date"
 msgstr "à jour"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1066
+#: builtin/remote.c:1039
 msgid "fast-forwardable"
 msgstr "peut être mis à jour en avance rapide"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1069
+#: builtin/remote.c:1042
 msgid "local out of date"
 msgstr "le local n'est pas à jour"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1076
+#: builtin/remote.c:1049
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
 msgstr "    %-*s force vers %-*s (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1079
+#: builtin/remote.c:1052
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
 msgstr "    %-*s pousse vers %-*s (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1083
+#: builtin/remote.c:1056
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
 msgstr "    %-*s force vers %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1086
+#: builtin/remote.c:1059
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
 msgstr "    %-*s pousse vers %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1154
+#: builtin/remote.c:1127
 msgid "do not query remotes"
 msgstr "ne pas interroger les distantes"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1181
+#: builtin/remote.c:1154
 #, c-format
 msgid "* remote %s"
 msgstr "* distante %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1182
+#: builtin/remote.c:1155
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
 msgstr "  URL de rapatriement : %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1183 builtin/remote.c:1334
+#: builtin/remote.c:1156 builtin/remote.c:1172 builtin/remote.c:1311
 msgid "(no URL)"
 msgstr "(pas d'URL)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1192 builtin/remote.c:1194
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon ':' should align
+#. with the one in " Fetch URL: %s"
+#. translation.
+#.
+#: builtin/remote.c:1170 builtin/remote.c:1172
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
 msgstr "  URL push : %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1196 builtin/remote.c:1198 builtin/remote.c:1200
+#: builtin/remote.c:1174 builtin/remote.c:1176 builtin/remote.c:1178
 #, c-format
 msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
 msgstr "  Branche HEAD : %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1202
+#: builtin/remote.c:1174
+msgid "(not queried)"
+msgstr "(non demandé)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1176
+msgid "(unknown)"
+msgstr "(inconnu)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1180
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
@@ -8971,258 +13425,309 @@ msgstr ""
 "  Branche HEAD (la HEAD distante est ambiguë, peut être l'une des "
 "suivantes) :\n"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1214
+#: builtin/remote.c:1192
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
 msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
 msgstr[0] "  Branche distante :%s"
 msgstr[1] "  Branches distantes :%s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1217 builtin/remote.c:1244
+#: builtin/remote.c:1195 builtin/remote.c:1221
 msgid " (status not queried)"
-msgstr " (statut non demandé)"
+msgstr " (état non demandé)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1226
+#: builtin/remote.c:1204
 msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
 msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
 msgstr[0] "  Branche locale configurée pour 'git pull' :"
 msgstr[1] "  Branches locales configurées pour 'git pull' :"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1234
+#: builtin/remote.c:1212
 msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
 msgstr "  Les références locales seront reflétées par 'git push'"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1241
+#: builtin/remote.c:1218
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
 msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
 msgstr[0] "  Référence locale configurée pour 'git push'%s :"
 msgstr[1] "  Références locales configurées pour 'git push'%s :"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1262
+#: builtin/remote.c:1239
 msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
 msgstr "définir refs/remotes/<nom>/HEAD selon la distante"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1264
+#: builtin/remote.c:1241
 msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
 msgstr "supprimer refs/remotes/<nom>/HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1279
+#: builtin/remote.c:1256
 msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
 msgstr "Impossible de déterminer la HEAD distante"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1281
+#: builtin/remote.c:1258
 msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
 msgstr ""
 "Il y a de multiples branches HEAD distantes. Veuillez en choisir une "
 "explicitement avec :"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1291
+#: builtin/remote.c:1268
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not delete %s"
 msgstr "Impossible de supprimer %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1299
+#: builtin/remote.c:1276
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
 msgstr "Référence non valide : %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1301
+#: builtin/remote.c:1278
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not setup %s"
 msgstr "Impossible de paramétrer %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1319
+#: builtin/remote.c:1296
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s will become dangling!"
 msgstr " %s se retrouvera en suspens !"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1320
+#: builtin/remote.c:1297
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s has become dangling!"
 msgstr " %s se retrouve en suspens !"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1330
+#: builtin/remote.c:1307
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pruning %s"
 msgstr "Élimination de %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1331
+#: builtin/remote.c:1308
 #, c-format
 msgid "URL: %s"
 msgstr "URL : %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1354
+#: builtin/remote.c:1324
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [would prune] %s"
 msgstr " * [serait éliminé] %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1357
+#: builtin/remote.c:1327
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [pruned] %s"
 msgstr " * [éliminé] %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1402
+#: builtin/remote.c:1372
 msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
 msgstr "éliminer les distants après le rapatriement"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1468 builtin/remote.c:1542
+#: builtin/remote.c:1435 builtin/remote.c:1489 builtin/remote.c:1557
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote '%s'"
 msgstr "Pas de serveur remote '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1488
+#: builtin/remote.c:1451
 msgid "add branch"
 msgstr "ajouter une branche"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1495
+#: builtin/remote.c:1458
 msgid "no remote specified"
 msgstr "pas de serveur distant spécifié"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1517
+#: builtin/remote.c:1475
+msgid "query push URLs rather than fetch URLs"
+msgstr "interroger les URLs de poussée plutôt que les URLs de récupération"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1477
+msgid "return all URLs"
+msgstr "retourner toutes les URLs"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1505
+#, c-format
+msgid "no URLs configured for remote '%s'"
+msgstr "aucune URL configurée pour le dépôt distant '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1531
 msgid "manipulate push URLs"
 msgstr "manipuler les URLs push"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1519
+#: builtin/remote.c:1533
 msgid "add URL"
 msgstr "ajouter une URL"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1521
+#: builtin/remote.c:1535
 msgid "delete URLs"
 msgstr "supprimer des URLs"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1528
+#: builtin/remote.c:1542
 msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
 msgstr "--add --delete n'a aucun sens"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1568
+#: builtin/remote.c:1581
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
 msgstr "Motif d'URL ancien invalide : %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1576
+#: builtin/remote.c:1589
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such URL found: %s"
 msgstr "Pas d'URL trouvée : %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1578
+#: builtin/remote.c:1591
 msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
 msgstr "Pas de suppression de toutes les URLs non-push"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1592
+#: builtin/remote.c:1607
 msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
 msgstr "être verbeux : doit être placé avant une sous-commande"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:17
-msgid "git repack [options]"
-msgstr "git repack [options]"
+#: builtin/remote.c:1638
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "Sous-commande inconnue : %s"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:18
+msgid "git repack [<options>]"
+msgstr "git repack [<options>]"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:159
+#: builtin/repack.c:23
+msgid ""
+"Incremental repacks are incompatible with bitmap indexes.  Use\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index or disable the pack.writebitmaps configuration."
+msgstr ""
+"Les repaquetages incrémentaux sont incompatibles avec les index bitmap. "
+"Utilisez\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index ou désactivez le paramètre pack.writebitmaps."
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:180
 msgid "pack everything in a single pack"
 msgstr "empaqueter tout dans un seul paquet"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:161
+#: builtin/repack.c:182
 msgid "same as -a, and turn unreachable objects loose"
 msgstr "identique à -a et transformer les objets inaccessibles en suspens"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:164
+#: builtin/repack.c:185
 msgid "remove redundant packs, and run git-prune-packed"
 msgstr "supprimer les paquets redondants et lancer git-prune-packed"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:166
+#: builtin/repack.c:187
 msgid "pass --no-reuse-delta to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "passer --no-reuse-delta à git-pack-objects"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:168
+#: builtin/repack.c:189
 msgid "pass --no-reuse-object to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "passer --no-reuse-object à git-pack-objects"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:170
+#: builtin/repack.c:191
 msgid "do not run git-update-server-info"
 msgstr "ne pas lancer git update-server-info"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:173
+#: builtin/repack.c:194
 msgid "pass --local to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "passer --local à git-pack-objects"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:175
+#: builtin/repack.c:196
 msgid "write bitmap index"
 msgstr "écrire un index en bitmap"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:176
+#: builtin/repack.c:197
 msgid "approxidate"
 msgstr "date approximative"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:177
+#: builtin/repack.c:198
 msgid "with -A, do not loosen objects older than this"
 msgstr "avec -A, ne pas suspendre les objets plus vieux que celui-ci"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:179
+#: builtin/repack.c:200
+msgid "with -a, repack unreachable objects"
+msgstr "avec -a, repaquétiser les objets inaccessibles"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:202
 msgid "size of the window used for delta compression"
 msgstr "taille de la fenêtre utilisée pour la compression des deltas"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:180 builtin/repack.c:184
+#: builtin/repack.c:203 builtin/repack.c:209
 msgid "bytes"
 msgstr "octets"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:181
+#: builtin/repack.c:204
 msgid "same as the above, but limit memory size instead of entries count"
 msgstr ""
 "idem ci-dessus, mais limiter la taille mémoire au lieu du nombre d'éléments"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:183
+#: builtin/repack.c:206
 msgid "limits the maximum delta depth"
 msgstr "limite la profondeur maximale des deltas"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:185
+#: builtin/repack.c:208
+msgid "limits the maximum number of threads"
+msgstr "limite le nombre maximal de fils"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:210
 msgid "maximum size of each packfile"
 msgstr "taille maximum de chaque fichier paquet"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:187
+#: builtin/repack.c:212
 msgid "repack objects in packs marked with .keep"
 msgstr "réempaqueter les objets dans des paquets marqués avec .keep"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:371
+#: builtin/repack.c:214
+msgid "do not repack this pack"
+msgstr "ne pas rempaqueter ce paquet"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:224
+msgid "cannot delete packs in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "impossible de supprimer les paquets dans un dépôt d'objets précieux"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:228
+msgid "--keep-unreachable and -A are incompatible"
+msgstr "--keep-unreachable et -A sont incompatibles"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:425 builtin/worktree.c:139
 #, c-format
-msgid "removing '%s' failed"
-msgstr "la suppression de '%s' a échoué"
+msgid "failed to remove '%s'"
+msgstr "échec de la suppression de '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:19
+#: builtin/replace.c:22
 msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] <objet> <remplacement>"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:20
+#: builtin/replace.c:23
 msgid "git replace [-f] --edit <object>"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] --edit <objet>"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:21
+#: builtin/replace.c:24
 msgid "git replace [-f] --graft <commit> [<parent>...]"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] --graft <commit> [<parent>...]"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:22
+#: builtin/replace.c:25
+msgid "git replace [-f] --convert-graft-file"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] --convert-graft-file"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:26
 msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
 msgstr "git replace -d <objet>..."
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:23
+#: builtin/replace.c:27
 msgid "git replace [--format=<format>] [-l [<pattern>]]"
 msgstr "git replace [--format=<format>] [-l [<motif>]]"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:325 builtin/replace.c:363 builtin/replace.c:391
+#: builtin/replace.c:371 builtin/replace.c:415 builtin/replace.c:445
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'"
 msgstr "Nom d'objet invalide : '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:355
+#: builtin/replace.c:407
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad mergetag in commit '%s'"
 msgstr "mauvaise étiquette de fusion dans le commit '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:357
+#: builtin/replace.c:409
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed mergetag in commit '%s'"
 msgstr "étiquette de fusion malformée dans le commit '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:368
+#: builtin/replace.c:421
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "original commit '%s' contains mergetag '%s' that is discarded; use --edit "
@@ -9231,339 +13736,338 @@ msgstr ""
 "le commit original '%s' contient l'étiquette de fusion '%s' qui a disparu ; "
 "utilisez --edit au lieu de --graft"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:401
+#: builtin/replace.c:460
 #, c-format
 msgid "the original commit '%s' has a gpg signature."
 msgstr "le commit original '%s' contient une signature GPG."
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:402
+#: builtin/replace.c:461
 msgid "the signature will be removed in the replacement commit!"
 msgstr "la signature sera éliminée dans la validation de remplacement !"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:408
+#: builtin/replace.c:471
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not write replacement commit for: '%s'"
 msgstr "Impossible d'écrire le commit de remplacement pour '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:432
+#: builtin/replace.c:514
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not convert the following graft(s):\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"impossible de convertir la(les) greffe(s) suivante(s) :\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:535
 msgid "list replace refs"
 msgstr "afficher les références de remplacement"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:433
+#: builtin/replace.c:536
 msgid "delete replace refs"
 msgstr "supprimer les références de remplacement"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:434
+#: builtin/replace.c:537
 msgid "edit existing object"
 msgstr "éditer l'objet existant"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:435
+#: builtin/replace.c:538
 msgid "change a commit's parents"
 msgstr "Modifier les parents d'un commit"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:436
+#: builtin/replace.c:539
+msgid "convert existing graft file"
+msgstr "convertir le fichier de greffe existant"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:540
 msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
 msgstr "remplacer la référence si elle existe"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:437
+#: builtin/replace.c:542
 msgid "do not pretty-print contents for --edit"
 msgstr "afficher sans mise en forme pour --edit"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:438
+#: builtin/replace.c:543
 msgid "use this format"
 msgstr "utiliser ce format"
 
-#: builtin/rerere.c:12
-msgid "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
-msgstr "git rerere [clear | forget chemin... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+#: builtin/rerere.c:13
+msgid "git rerere [clear | forget <path>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+msgstr ""
+"git rerere [clear | forget <chemin>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
 
-#: builtin/rerere.c:57
+#: builtin/rerere.c:59
 msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
 msgstr "enregistrer des résolutions propres dans l'index"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:26
+#: builtin/reset.c:29
 msgid ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:27
-msgid "git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <paths>..."
-msgstr "git reset [-q] <arbre ou apparenté> [--] <chemins>..."
+#: builtin/reset.c:30
+msgid "git reset [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git reset [-q] [<arbre ou apparenté>] [--] <chemins>..."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:28
+#: builtin/reset.c:31
 msgid "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"
 msgstr "git reset --patch [<arbre ou apparenté>] [--] [<chemins>...]"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "mixed"
 msgstr "mixed"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "soft"
 msgstr "soft"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "hard"
 msgstr "hard"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "merge"
 msgstr "merge"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "keep"
 msgstr "keep"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:74
+#: builtin/reset.c:78
 msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
 msgstr "Vous n'avez pas une HEAD valide."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:76
+#: builtin/reset.c:80
 msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
 msgstr "Impossible de trouver l'arbre pour HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:82
+#: builtin/reset.c:86
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
 msgstr "Impossible de trouver l'arbre pour %s."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:100
+#: builtin/reset.c:111
 #, c-format
 msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
 msgstr "HEAD est maintenant à %s"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:183
+#: builtin/reset.c:189
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
 msgstr "Impossible de faire un \"reset %s\" au milieu d'une fusion."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:276
+#: builtin/reset.c:289
 msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
 msgstr "être silencieux, afficher seulement les erreurs"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:278
+#: builtin/reset.c:291
 msgid "reset HEAD and index"
 msgstr "réinitialiser HEAD et l'index"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:279
+#: builtin/reset.c:292
 msgid "reset only HEAD"
 msgstr "réinitialiser seulement HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:281 builtin/reset.c:283
+#: builtin/reset.c:294 builtin/reset.c:296
 msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
 msgstr "réinitialiser HEAD, l'index et la copie de travail"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:285
+#: builtin/reset.c:298
 msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
 msgstr "réinitialiser HEAD mais garder les changements locaux"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:288
+#: builtin/reset.c:304
 msgid "record only the fact that removed paths will be added later"
 msgstr ""
 "enregistrer seulement le fait que les chemins effacés seront ajoutés plus "
 "tard"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:305
+#: builtin/reset.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."
 msgstr "Échec de résolution de '%s' comme une révision valide."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:308 builtin/reset.c:316
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
-msgstr "Impossible d'analyser l'objet '%s'."
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:313
+#: builtin/reset.c:329
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."
 msgstr "Échec de résolution de '%s' comme un arbre valide."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:322
+#: builtin/reset.c:338
 msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 msgstr "--patch est incompatible avec --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#: builtin/reset.c:347
 msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
 msgstr ""
 "--mixed avec des chemins est obsolète ; utilisez 'git reset -- <paths>' à la "
 "place."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:333
+#: builtin/reset.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
 msgstr "Impossible de faire un \"%s reset\" avec des chemins."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:343
+#: builtin/reset.c:359
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
 msgstr "Le \"%s reset\" n'est pas permis dans un dépôt nu"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#: builtin/reset.c:363
 msgid "-N can only be used with --mixed"
 msgstr "-N ne peut être utilisé qu'avec --mixed"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:364
+#: builtin/reset.c:380
 msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
 msgstr "Modifications non indexées après reset :"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:370
+#: builtin/reset.c:386
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
 msgstr "Impossible de réinitialiser le fichier d'index à la révision '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:374
+#: builtin/reset.c:390
 msgid "Could not write new index file."
 msgstr "Impossible d'écrire le nouveau fichier d'index."
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:361
-msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
-msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<arguments>...]"
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:397
+msgid "cannot combine --exclude-promisor-objects and --missing"
+msgstr "impossible de combiner --exclude-promisor-objects et --missing"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:455
+msgid "object filtering requires --objects"
+msgstr "le filtrage d'objet exige --objects"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:458
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid sparse value '%s'"
+msgstr "valeur invalide de 'sparse' '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:499
+msgid "rev-list does not support display of notes"
+msgstr "rev-list ne supporte l'affichage des notes"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:366
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:502
+msgid "cannot combine --use-bitmap-index with object filtering"
+msgstr "impossible de combiner --use-bitmap-index avec le filtrage d'objet"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:406
+msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]"
+msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<arguments>...]"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:411
 msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
 msgstr "garder le `--` passé en argument"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:368
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:413
 msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
 msgstr "arrêt de l'analyse après le premier argument qui n'est pas une option"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:371
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:416
 msgid "output in stuck long form"
 msgstr "sortie en forme longue fixée"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:499
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:549
 msgid ""
-"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]\n"
 "   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
-"   or: git rev-parse [options] [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [<options>] [<arg>...]\n"
 "\n"
 "Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
 msgstr ""
-"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<arguments>...]\n"
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<arguments>...]\n"
 "   ou : git rev-parse --sq-quote [<argument>...]\n"
 "   ou : git rev-parse [options] [<argument>...]\n"
 "\n"
 "Lancez \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" pour plus d'information sur "
 "l'utilisation principale."
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:22
-msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>..."
-msgstr "git revert [options] <commit ou apparenté>..."
-
 #: builtin/revert.c:23
+msgid "git revert [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git revert [<options>] <commit ou apparenté>..."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:24
 msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
 msgstr "git revert <sous-commande>"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:28
-msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>..."
-msgstr "git cherry-pick [options] <commit ou apparenté>..."
-
 #: builtin/revert.c:29
+msgid "git cherry-pick [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git cherry-pick [<options>] <commit ou apparenté>..."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:30
 msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
 msgstr "git cherry-pick <sous-commande>"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:71
+#: builtin/revert.c:90
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr "%s : %s ne peut pas être utilisé avec %s"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:80
+#: builtin/revert.c:99
 msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
 msgstr "mettre fin au retour ou picorage"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:81
+#: builtin/revert.c:100
 msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
 msgstr "reprendre le retour ou picorage"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:82
+#: builtin/revert.c:101
 msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
 msgstr "annuler le retour ou picorage"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:83
+#: builtin/revert.c:102
 msgid "don't automatically commit"
 msgstr "ne pas valider automatiquement"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:84
+#: builtin/revert.c:103
 msgid "edit the commit message"
 msgstr "éditer le message de validation"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:87
-msgid "parent number"
-msgstr "numéro de parent"
+#: builtin/revert.c:106
+msgid "parent-number"
+msgstr "numéro-de-parent"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:107
+msgid "select mainline parent"
+msgstr "sélectionner le parent principal"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:89
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "merge strategy"
 msgstr "stratégie de fusion"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:90
+#: builtin/revert.c:110
 msgid "option"
 msgstr "option"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:91
+#: builtin/revert.c:111
 msgid "option for merge strategy"
 msgstr "option pour la stratégie de fusion"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:104
+#: builtin/revert.c:120
 msgid "append commit name"
 msgstr "ajouter le nom de validation"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:105
-msgid "allow fast-forward"
-msgstr "autoriser l'avance rapide"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:106
+#: builtin/revert.c:122
 msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
 msgstr "préserver les validations vides initialement"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:107
-msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
-msgstr "autoriser les validations avec des messages vides"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:108
+#: builtin/revert.c:124
 msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
 msgstr "garder les validations redondantes, vides"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:112
-msgid "program error"
-msgstr "erreur du programme"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:197
+#: builtin/revert.c:214
 msgid "revert failed"
 msgstr "revert a échoué"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:212
+#: builtin/revert.c:227
 msgid "cherry-pick failed"
 msgstr "le picorage a échoué"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:17
-msgid "git rm [options] [--] <file>..."
-msgstr "git rm [options] [--] <fichier>..."
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:65
-msgid ""
-"the following submodule (or one of its nested submodules)\n"
-"uses a .git directory:"
-msgid_plural ""
-"the following submodules (or one of their nested submodules)\n"
-"use a .git directory:"
-msgstr[0] ""
-"le sous-module suivant (ou un de ses sous-modules imbriqués)\n"
-"utilise un répertoire .git :"
-msgstr[1] ""
-"les sous-modules suivants (ou un de leurs sous-modules imbriqués)\n"
-"utilisent un répertoire .git :"
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:71
-msgid ""
-"\n"
-"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
-msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"(utilisez 'rm -rf' si vous voulez vraiment le supprimer en incluant tout son "
-"historique)"
+#: builtin/rm.c:18
+msgid "git rm [<options>] [--] <file>..."
+msgstr "git rm [<options>] [--] <fichier>..."
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:231
+#: builtin/rm.c:206
 msgid ""
 "the following file has staged content different from both the\n"
 "file and the HEAD:"
@@ -9577,7 +14081,7 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "les fichiers suivants ont du contenu indexé différent\n"
 "du fichier et de HEAD :"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:236
+#: builtin/rm.c:211
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "(use -f to force removal)"
@@ -9585,13 +14089,13 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "(utilisez -f pour forcer la suppression)"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:240
+#: builtin/rm.c:215
 msgid "the following file has changes staged in the index:"
 msgid_plural "the following files have changes staged in the index:"
 msgstr[0] "le fichier suivant a des changements indexés :"
 msgstr[1] "les fichiers suivants ont des changements indexés :"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:244 builtin/rm.c:255
+#: builtin/rm.c:219 builtin/rm.c:228
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
@@ -9599,217 +14103,692 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "(utilisez --cached pour garder le fichier, ou -f pour forcer la suppression)"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:252
+#: builtin/rm.c:225
 msgid "the following file has local modifications:"
 msgid_plural "the following files have local modifications:"
 msgstr[0] "le fichier suivant a des modifications locales :"
 msgstr[1] "les fichiers suivants ont des modifications locales :"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:270
+#: builtin/rm.c:241
 msgid "do not list removed files"
 msgstr "ne pas afficher les fichiers supprimés"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:271
+#: builtin/rm.c:242
 msgid "only remove from the index"
 msgstr "supprimer seulement de l'index"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:272
+#: builtin/rm.c:243
 msgid "override the up-to-date check"
 msgstr "outrepasser la vérification des fichiers à jour"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:273
+#: builtin/rm.c:244
 msgid "allow recursive removal"
 msgstr "autoriser la suppression récursive"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:275
+#: builtin/rm.c:246
 msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
-msgstr "sortir avec un statut zéro même si rien ne correspondait"
+msgstr "sortir avec un état zéro même si rien ne correspondait"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:318
-msgid "Please, stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
-msgstr ""
-"Veuillez indexer vos modifications de .gitmodules ou remisez-les pour "
-"continuer"
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:336
+#: builtin/rm.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
 msgstr "pas de suppression récursive de '%s' sans -r"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:375
+#: builtin/rm.c:345
 #, c-format
 msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
 msgstr "git rm : impossible de supprimer %s"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:13
-msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"
-msgstr "git shortlog [<options>] [<intervalle révisions>] [[--] [<chemin>...]]"
-
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:131
+#: builtin/rm.c:368
 #, c-format
-msgid "Missing author: %s"
-msgstr "Auteur manquant : %s"
+msgid "could not remove '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de supprimer '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:230
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:20
+msgid ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<host>:]<directory> "
+"[<ref>...]\n"
+"  --all and explicit <ref> specification are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<hôte>:]<répertoire> "
+"[<référence>...]\n"
+"  --all et la spécification explicite de <référence> sont mutuellement "
+"exclusifs."
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:163
+msgid "remote name"
+msgstr "nom distant"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:177
+msgid "use stateless RPC protocol"
+msgstr "utiliser un protocole RPC sans état"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:178
+msgid "read refs from stdin"
+msgstr "lire les références depuis l'entrée standard"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:179
+msgid "print status from remote helper"
+msgstr "afficher les messages du greffon de protocole distant"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:7
+msgid "git serve [<options>]"
+msgstr "git serve [<options>]"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:17 builtin/upload-pack.c:23
+msgid "quit after a single request/response exchange"
+msgstr "quitter après un unique échange requête/réponse"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:19
+msgid "exit immediately after advertising capabilities"
+msgstr "sortir immédiatement après l'annonce des capacités"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:14
+msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git shortlog [<options>] [<intervalle-révisions>] [[--] <chemin>...]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:15
+msgid "git log --pretty=short | git shortlog [<options>]"
+msgstr "git log --pretty=short | git shortlog [<options>]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:264
+msgid "Group by committer rather than author"
+msgstr "Grouper par validateur plutôt que par auteur"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:266
 msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
 msgstr "trier la sortie sur le nombre de validations par auteur"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:232
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:268
 msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
 msgstr ""
 "Supprimer les descriptions de validation, fournit seulement le nombre de "
 "validations"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:234
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:270
 msgid "Show the email address of each author"
-msgstr "Afficher l'adresse e-mail de chaque auteur"
+msgstr "Afficher l'adresse courriel de chaque auteur"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:235
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:271
 msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 msgstr "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:236
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:272
 msgid "Linewrap output"
 msgstr "Couper les lignes"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:9
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:298
+msgid "too many arguments given outside repository"
+msgstr "trop d'arguments fournis hors d'un dépôt"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:12
 msgid ""
-"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
 "\t\t[--current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
 "\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
 "\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <glob>)...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
 "\t\t[--current] [--color[=<quand>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
 "\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
 "\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rév> | <glob>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:13
-msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
-msgstr "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<référence>]"
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:16
+msgid "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<référence>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d ref"
+msgid_plural "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "%s ignoré; impossible de gérer plus de %d référence"
+msgstr[1] "%s ignoré; impossible de gérer plus de %d références"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "no matching refs with %s"
+msgstr "aucune référence correspond à %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:626
 msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "afficher les branches de suivi distantes et les branches locales"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:654
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:628
 msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "afficher les branches de suivi distantes"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:630
 msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
 msgstr "couleur '*!+-' correspondant à la branche"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:658
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:632
 msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
 msgstr "afficher <n> validations de plus après l'ancêtre commun"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:634
 msgid "synonym to more=-1"
 msgstr "synonyme de more=-1"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:661
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:635
 msgid "suppress naming strings"
 msgstr "supprimer les chaînes de nommage"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:663
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:637
 msgid "include the current branch"
 msgstr "inclure la branche courante"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:665
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:639
 msgid "name commits with their object names"
 msgstr "nommer les validations avec leurs noms d'objet"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:667
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:641
 msgid "show possible merge bases"
 msgstr "afficher les bases possibles de fusion"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:669
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:643
 msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
 msgstr "afficher les références inaccessibles depuis toute autre référence"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:671
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:645
 msgid "show commits in topological order"
 msgstr "afficher les validations dans l'ordre topologique"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:674
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:648
 msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
 msgstr ""
 "afficher seulement les validations qui ne sont pas sur la première branche"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:676
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:650
 msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
 msgstr "afficher les fusions accessibles depuis une seule pointe"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
 msgid "topologically sort, maintaining date order where possible"
 msgstr "tri topologique, maintenant l'ordre par date si possible"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:681
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
 msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
 msgstr "<n>[,<base>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:682
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
 msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
 msgstr ""
 "afficher les <n> plus récents éléments de ref-log en commençant à la base"
 
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:690
+msgid ""
+"--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, --independent or --merge-base"
+msgstr ""
+"--reflog est incompatible avec --all, --remotes, --independant et --merge-"
+"base"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:714
+msgid "no branches given, and HEAD is not valid"
+msgstr "aucune branche spécifiée, et HEAD est invalide"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:717
+msgid "--reflog option needs one branch name"
+msgstr "--reflog requiert un nom de branche"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "only %d entry can be shown at one time."
+msgid_plural "only %d entries can be shown at one time."
+msgstr[0] "%d entrée seulement ne peut être montrée en même temps."
+msgstr[1] "%d entrées seulement ne peuvent être montrée en même temps."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:724
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such ref %s"
+msgstr "référence inexistante %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d rev."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d revs."
+msgstr[0] "impossible de gérer plus de %d révision."
+msgstr[1] "impossible de gérer plus de %d révisions."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:812
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid ref."
+msgstr "'%s' n'est pas une référence valide."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot find commit %s (%s)"
+msgstr "impossible de trouver le commit %s (%s)"
+
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:10
 msgid ""
-"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
-"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<pattern>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
-"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [motif*] "
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<motif>...]"
 
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:11
-msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list"
-msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=motif] < liste-références"
+msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<motif>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:159
 msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
-msgstr "afficher seulement les étiquettes (peut être combiné avec des têtes)"
+msgstr "afficher seulement les étiquettes (peut être combiné avec heads)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:169
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:160
 msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
-msgstr "afficher seulement les têtes (peut être combiné avec des étiquettes)"
+msgstr "afficher seulement les têtes (peut être combiné avec tags)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:161
 msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
 msgstr ""
 "vérification de référence plus stricte, nécessite un chemin de référence "
 "exact"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:173 builtin/show-ref.c:175
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:164 builtin/show-ref.c:166
 msgid "show the HEAD reference, even if it would be filtered out"
 msgstr "afficher la référence HEAD, même si elle serait filtrée"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:177
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
 msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
 msgstr "déréférencer les étiquettes en IDs d'objet"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:179
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
 msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
 msgstr "afficher seulement le hachage SHA1 en utilisant <n> chiffres"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:183
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:174
 msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
 msgstr ""
 "ne pas afficher les résultats sur la sortie standard (pratique avec --verify)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:185
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
 msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
 msgstr ""
 "afficher les références de l'entrée standard qui ne sont pas dans le dépôt "
 "local"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:7
-msgid "git symbolic-ref [options] name [ref]"
-msgstr "git symbolic-ref [options] nom [référence]"
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:18
+msgid "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:19
+msgid "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:36
+msgid "skip and remove all lines starting with comment character"
+msgstr ""
+"sauter et supprimer toutes les lignes commençant par le caractère de "
+"commentaire"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:39
+msgid "prepend comment character and space to each line"
+msgstr "ajouter devant chaque ligne le caractère de commentaire et un espace"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:37 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1688
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such ref: %s"
+msgstr "Référence inexistante : %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:44 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1697
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expecting a full ref name, got %s"
+msgstr "Nom de référence complet attendu, %s obtenu"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:61
+msgid "submodule--helper print-default-remote takes no arguments"
+msgstr "submodule--helper  print-default-remote n'accepte aucun argument"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de supprimer un composant de l'URL '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:406 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1211
+msgid "alternative anchor for relative paths"
+msgstr "ancre alternative pour les chemins relatifs"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:411
+msgid "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<chemin>] [<chemin>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:462 builtin/submodule--helper.c:485
+#, c-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '%s' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr "URL non trouvée pour le chemin de sous-module '%s' dans .gitmodules"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not lookup configuration '%s'. Assuming this repository is its own "
+"authoritative upstream."
+msgstr ""
+"impossible de trouver la configuration '%s'. Ce dépôt est considéré comme "
+"son propre amont d'autorité."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:511
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "Échec d'enregistrement de l'URL pour le chemin de sous-module '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) registered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Sous-module '%s' (%s) enregistré pour le chemin '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:525
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: command update mode suggested for submodule '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"attention : nous vous suggérons de spécifier une commande de mode de mise à "
+"jour pour le sous-module '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"Échec d'enregistrement du mode de mise à jour pour le chemin de sous-module "
+"'%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:554
+msgid "Suppress output for initializing a submodule"
+msgstr "Supprimer la sortie lors de l'initialisation d'un sous-module"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:559
+msgid "git submodule--helper init [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper init [<chemin>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:631 builtin/submodule--helper.c:757
+#, c-format
+msgid "no submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"Pas de mise en correspondance du sous-module trouvé dans .gitmodules pour le "
+"chemin '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:670
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD ref inside the submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de résoudre HEAD dans le sous-module '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:697 builtin/submodule--helper.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "récursion impossible dans le sous-module '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:721 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1031
+msgid "Suppress submodule status output"
+msgstr "supprimer la sortie d'état du sous-module"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:722
+msgid ""
+"Use commit stored in the index instead of the one stored in the submodule "
+"HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"Utiliser le commit stocké dans l'index au lieu de celui stocké dans la HEAD "
+"du sous-module"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:723
+msgid "recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "parcourir récursivement les sous-modules"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:728
+msgid "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<chemin>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:752
+msgid "git submodule--helper name <path>"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper <nom> <chemin>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:816
+#, c-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Synchronisation de l'URL sous-module pour '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "échec d'enregistrement de l'URL pour le chemin de sous-module '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:836
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to get the default remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "échec d'obtention du dépôt distant par défaut pour le sous-module '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:847
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to update remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "échec de mise à jour du dépôt distant pour le sous-module '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:895
+msgid "Suppress output of synchronizing submodule url"
+msgstr ""
+"Supprimer la sortie lors de la synchronisation de l'URL d'un sous-module"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:897
+msgid "Recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "Parcourir récursivement les sous-modules"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:902
+msgid "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<chemin>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains a .git directory (use 'rm -rf' if you "
+"really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+"L'arbre de travail du sous-module '%s' contient un répertoire .git (utilisez "
+"'rm -rf' si vous voulez vraiment le supprimer en incluant tout son "
+"historique)"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:968
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains local modifications; use '-f' to discard "
+"them"
+msgstr ""
+"L'arbre de travail du sous-module '%s' contient des modifications locales ; "
+"utilisez '-f' pour les annuler"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:976
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cleared directory '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Répertoire '%s' nettoyé\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:978
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Impossible de supprimer l'arbre de travail du sous-module '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:987
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create empty submodule directory %s"
+msgstr "impossible de créer le répertoire vide du sous-module %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) unregistered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Sous-module '%s' (%s) non enregistré pour le chemin '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1032
+msgid "Remove submodule working trees even if they contain local changes"
+msgstr ""
+"Éliminer les arbres de travail des sous-modules même s'ils contiennent des "
+"modifications locales"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1033
+msgid "Unregister all submodules"
+msgstr "Désenregistrer tous les sous-modules"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1038
+msgid ""
+"git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<chemin>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1052
+msgid "Use '--all' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgstr ""
+"Utilisez '--all' si vous voulez vraiment réinitialiser tous les sous-modules"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1145 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1148
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' cannot add alternate: %s"
+msgstr "le sous-module '%s' ne peut pas ajouter d'alternative : %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1184
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateErrorStrategy is not recognized"
+msgstr ""
+"La valeur '%s' pour submodule.alternateErrorStrategy n'est pas reconnue"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1191
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateLocation is not recognized"
+msgstr "La valeur '%s' pour submodule.alternateLocation n'est pas reconnue"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1214
+msgid "where the new submodule will be cloned to"
+msgstr "emplacement où le sous-module sera cloné"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1217
+msgid "name of the new submodule"
+msgstr "nom du nouveau sous-module"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1220
+msgid "url where to clone the submodule from"
+msgstr "URL depuis laquelle cloner le sous-module"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1228
+msgid "depth for shallow clones"
+msgstr "profondeur de l'historique des clones superficiels"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1231 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1606
+msgid "force cloning progress"
+msgstr "forcer l'affichage de la progression du clonage"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1236
+msgid ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<path>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<repository>] [--name <name>] [--depth <depth>] --url <url> --path <path>"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<chemin>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<dépôt>] [--name <nom>] [--depth <profondeur>]  --url <url> --path <chemin>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1267
+#, c-format
+msgid "clone of '%s' into submodule path '%s' failed"
+msgstr "Le clonage de '%s' dans le chemin de sous-module '%s' a échoué"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1281
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get submodule directory for '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de créer le répertoire de sous-module pour '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1347
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule path '%s' not initialized"
+msgstr "Le chemin de sous-module '%s' n'est pas initialisé"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1351
+msgid "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr "Vous voudriez sûrement utiliser 'update --init' ?"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1380
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping unmerged submodule %s"
+msgstr "Sous-module non fusionné %s non traité"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1409
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "Sous-module '%s' non traité"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1544
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s'. Retry scheduled"
+msgstr "Impossible de cloner '%s'. Réessai prévu"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1555
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s' a second time, aborting"
+msgstr "Impossible de cloner '%s' pour la seconde fois, abandon"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1585 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1808
+msgid "path into the working tree"
+msgstr "chemin dans la copie de travail"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1588
+msgid "path into the working tree, across nested submodule boundaries"
+msgstr ""
+"chemin dans la copie de travail, traversant les frontières de sous-modules"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1592
+msgid "rebase, merge, checkout or none"
+msgstr "valeurs possibles : rebase, merge, checkout ou none"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1598
+msgid "Create a shallow clone truncated to the specified number of revisions"
+msgstr "Créer un clone superficiel tronqué au nombre de révisions spécifié"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1601
+msgid "parallel jobs"
+msgstr "jobs parallèles"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1603
+msgid "whether the initial clone should follow the shallow recommendation"
+msgstr "spécifie si le clonage initial doit être aussi superficiel"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1604
+msgid "don't print cloning progress"
+msgstr "ne pas afficher la progression du clonage"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1611
+msgid "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<chemin>] [<chemin>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1624
+msgid "bad value for update parameter"
+msgstr "valeur invalide pour la mise à jour du paramètre"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1692
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule (%s) branch configured to inherit branch from superproject, but "
+"the superproject is not on any branch"
+msgstr ""
+"la branche du sous-module %s est configurée pour hériter de la branche du "
+"superprojet, mais le superprojet n'est sur aucune branche"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1809
+msgid "recurse into submodules"
+msgstr "parcourir récursivement les sous-modules"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1815
+msgid "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<chemin>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1901
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s doesn't support --super-prefix"
+msgstr "%s ne gère pas --super-prefix"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1907
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid submodule--helper subcommand"
+msgstr "'%s' n'est pas une sous-commande valide de submodule--helper"
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:8
-msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] name"
-msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] nom"
+msgid "git symbolic-ref [<options>] <name> [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref [<options>] nom [<référence>]"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:9
+msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <name>"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <nom>"
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40
 msgid "suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"
@@ -9824,63 +14803,51 @@ msgstr "supprimer la référence symbolique"
 msgid "shorten ref output"
 msgstr "raccourcir l'affichage de la référence"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:358
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
 msgid "reason"
 msgstr "raison"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:358
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
 msgid "reason of the update"
 msgstr "raison de la mise à jour"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:22
+#: builtin/tag.c:24
 msgid ""
-"git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]"
-msgstr ""
-"git tag [-a|-s|-u <id-clé>] [-f] [-m <message>|-F <file>] <nométiquette> "
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>] <tagname> "
 "[<head>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <id-clé>] [-f] [-m <message> | -F <file>] <nom-"
+"étiquette> [<head>]"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:23
+#: builtin/tag.c:25
 msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
 msgstr "git tag -d <nométiquette>..."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:24
+#: builtin/tag.c:26
 msgid ""
-"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>] \n"
-"\t\t[<pattern>...]"
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--no-contains <commit>] [--"
+"points-at <object>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<format>] [--[no-]merged [<commit>]] [<pattern>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <objet>] \n"
-"\t\t[<motif>...]"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:26
-msgid "git tag -v <tagname>..."
-msgstr "git tag -v <nométiquette>..."
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:69
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
-msgstr "objet malformé à '%s'"
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--no-contains <commit>] [--"
+"points-at <objet>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<format>] [--[no-]merged [<commit>]] [<motif>...]"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:301
-#, c-format
-msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
-msgstr "nom d'étiquette trop long : %.*s..."
+#: builtin/tag.c:28
+msgid "git tag -v [--format=<format>] <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -v [--format=<format>] <nométiquette>..."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:306
+#: builtin/tag.c:86
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' not found."
 msgstr "étiquette '%s' non trouvée."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:321
+#: builtin/tag.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
 msgstr "Étiquette '%s' supprimée (elle était sur %s)\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:333
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
-msgstr "impossible de vérifier l'étiquette '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:343
+#: builtin/tag.c:132
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -9893,7 +14860,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "  %s\n"
 "Les lignes commençant par '%c' seront ignorées.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:347
+#: builtin/tag.c:136
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -9908,364 +14875,821 @@ msgstr ""
 "Les lignes commençant par '%c' seront gardées ; vous pouvez les retirer vous-"
 "même si vous le souhaitez.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:371
-#, c-format
-msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s'"
-msgstr "spécification de tri non supportée '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:373
-#, c-format
-msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s' in variable '%s'"
-msgstr "spécification de tri non supportée '%s' dans le variable '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:428
+#: builtin/tag.c:190
 msgid "unable to sign the tag"
 msgstr "impossible de signer l'étiquette"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:430
+#: builtin/tag.c:192
 msgid "unable to write tag file"
 msgstr "impossible d'écrire le fichier d'étiquettes"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:455
+#: builtin/tag.c:217
 msgid "bad object type."
 msgstr "mauvais type d'objet."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:468
-msgid "tag header too big."
-msgstr "en-tête d'étiquette trop gros."
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:504
+#: builtin/tag.c:266
 msgid "no tag message?"
 msgstr "pas de message pour l'étiquette ?"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:510
+#: builtin/tag.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
 msgstr "Le message pour l'étiquette a été laissé dans %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:559
-msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
-msgstr "le commutateur 'points-at' a besoin d'un objet"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:561
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
-msgstr "nom d'objet malformé '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:589
+#: builtin/tag.c:382
 msgid "list tag names"
 msgstr "afficher les noms des étiquettes"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:591
+#: builtin/tag.c:384
 msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
 msgstr "affiche <n> lignes de chaque message d'étiquette"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:593
+#: builtin/tag.c:386
 msgid "delete tags"
 msgstr "supprimer des étiquettes"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:594
+#: builtin/tag.c:387
 msgid "verify tags"
 msgstr "vérifier des étiquettes"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:596
+#: builtin/tag.c:389
 msgid "Tag creation options"
 msgstr "Options de création de l'étiquette"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:598
+#: builtin/tag.c:391
 msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
 msgstr "étiquette annotée, nécessite un message"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:600
+#: builtin/tag.c:393
 msgid "tag message"
 msgstr "message pour l'étiquette"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:602
+#: builtin/tag.c:395
+msgid "force edit of tag message"
+msgstr "forcer l'édition du message d'étiquetage"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:396
 msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
 msgstr "étiquette annotée et signée avec GPG"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:606
+#: builtin/tag.c:400
 msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
 msgstr "utiliser une autre clé pour signer l'étiquette"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:607
+#: builtin/tag.c:401
 msgid "replace the tag if exists"
 msgstr "remplacer l'étiquette si elle existe"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:608
-msgid "show tag list in columns"
-msgstr "afficher la liste des étiquettes sous forme de colonnes"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:610
-msgid "sort tags"
-msgstr "trier les étiquettes"
+#: builtin/tag.c:402 builtin/update-ref.c:368
+msgid "create a reflog"
+msgstr "créer un reflog"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:614
+#: builtin/tag.c:404
 msgid "Tag listing options"
 msgstr "Options d'affichage des étiquettes"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:617 builtin/tag.c:623
+#: builtin/tag.c:405
+msgid "show tag list in columns"
+msgstr "afficher la liste des étiquettes sous forme de colonnes"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:406 builtin/tag.c:408
 msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
 msgstr "afficher seulement les étiquettes qui contiennent la validation"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:629
+#: builtin/tag.c:407 builtin/tag.c:409
+msgid "print only tags that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "afficher seulement les étiquettes qui ne contiennent pas la validation"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:410
+msgid "print only tags that are merged"
+msgstr "afficher seulement les étiquettes qui sont fusionnées"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:411
+msgid "print only tags that are not merged"
+msgstr "afficher seulement les étiquettes qui ne sont pas fusionnées"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:416
 msgid "print only tags of the object"
 msgstr "afficher seulement les étiquettes de l'objet"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:655
+#: builtin/tag.c:460
 msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column et -n sont incompatibles"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:667
-msgid "--sort and -n are incompatible"
-msgstr "--sort et -n sont incompatibles"
+#: builtin/tag.c:482
+msgid "-n option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "l'option -n est autorisée seulement en mode de liste"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:484
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "l'option --contains est autorisée seulement en mode de liste"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:674
-msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "l'option -n est autorisée seulement avec -l."
+#: builtin/tag.c:486
+msgid "--no-contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "l'option --contains est autorisée seulement en mode liste"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:676
-msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "l'option --contains est autorisée seulement avec -l."
+#: builtin/tag.c:488
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "l'option --points-at est autorisée seulement en mode liste"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:678
-msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "l'option --points-at est autorisée seulement avec -l."
+#: builtin/tag.c:490
+msgid "--merged and --no-merged options are only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr ""
+"les options --merged et --no-merged ne sont autorisées qu'en mode liste"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:686
+#: builtin/tag.c:501
 msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
 msgstr "une seule option -F ou -m est autorisée."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:706
+#: builtin/tag.c:520
 msgid "too many params"
 msgstr "trop de paramètres"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:712
+#: builtin/tag.c:526
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
 msgstr "'%s' n'est pas un nom d'étiquette valide."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:717
+#: builtin/tag.c:531
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
 msgstr "l'étiquette '%s' existe déjà"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:741
+#: builtin/tag.c:562
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
 msgstr "Étiquette '%s' mise à jour (elle était sur %s)\n"
 
-#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:489
+#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:498
 msgid "Unpacking objects"
 msgstr "Dépaquetage des objets"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:403
-msgid "git update-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git update-index [options] [--] [<fichier>...]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory %s"
+msgstr "échec de la création du répertoire %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s"
+msgstr "échec du stat de %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create file %s"
+msgstr "échec de la création du fichier %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete file %s"
+msgstr "échec de la suppression du fichier %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:113 builtin/update-index.c:219
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete directory %s"
+msgstr "échec de la suppression du répertoire %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:138
+#, c-format
+msgid "Testing mtime in '%s' "
+msgstr "Test du mtime dans '%s' "
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:152
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new file"
+msgstr ""
+"l'information de stat du répertoire ne change pas après ajout d'un fichier"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:165
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new directory"
+msgstr ""
+"l'information de stat du répertoire ne change pas après ajout d'un répertoire"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:178
+msgid "directory stat info changes after updating a file"
+msgstr ""
+"l'information de stat du répertoire change après mise à jour d'un fichier"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:189
+msgid "directory stat info changes after adding a file inside subdirectory"
+msgstr ""
+"l'information de stat du répertoire change après l'ajout d'un fichier dans "
+"un sous-répertoire"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:756
+#: builtin/update-index.c:200
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a file"
+msgstr ""
+"l'information de stat du répertoire ne change pas après la suppression d'un "
+"fichier<"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:213
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a directory"
+msgstr ""
+"l'information de stat du répertoire ne change pas après la suppression d'un "
+"répertoire"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:220
+msgid " OK"
+msgstr " OK"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:589
+msgid "git update-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git update-index [<options>] [--] [<fichier>...]"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:946
 msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
 msgstr "continuer de rafraîchir même si l'index a besoin d'une mise à jour"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:759
+#: builtin/update-index.c:949
 msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
 msgstr "rafraîchir : ignorer les sous-modules"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:762
+#: builtin/update-index.c:952
 msgid "do not ignore new files"
 msgstr "ne pas ignorer les nouveaux fichiers"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:764
+#: builtin/update-index.c:954
 msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
 msgstr "laisser les fichiers remplacer des répertoires et vice-versa"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:766
+#: builtin/update-index.c:956
 msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
 msgstr "aviser des fichiers manquants dans la copie de travail"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:768
+#: builtin/update-index.c:958
 msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
 msgstr "rafraîchir même si l'index contient des éléments non fusionnés"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:771
+#: builtin/update-index.c:961
 msgid "refresh stat information"
 msgstr "rafraîchir l'information de stat"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:775
+#: builtin/update-index.c:965
 msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
 msgstr "comme --refresh, mais en ignorant l'option assume-unchanged"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:779
+#: builtin/update-index.c:969
 msgid "<mode>,<object>,<path>"
 msgstr "<mode>, <objet>, <chemin>"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:780
+#: builtin/update-index.c:970
 msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
 msgstr "ajouter l'élément spécifié dans l'index"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:784
-msgid "(+/-)x"
-msgstr "(+/-)x"
-
-#: builtin/update-index.c:785
-msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
-msgstr "outrepasser le bit exécutable pour les fichiers listés"
-
-#: builtin/update-index.c:789
+#: builtin/update-index.c:979
 msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
 msgstr "marquer les fichiers comme \"non changeants\""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:792
+#: builtin/update-index.c:982
 msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
 msgstr "mettre à zéro le bit supposé-non-modifié"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:795
+#: builtin/update-index.c:985
 msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
 msgstr "marquer les fichiers comme \"index seulement\""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:798
+#: builtin/update-index.c:988
 msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
 msgstr "mettre à zéro le bit sauter-la-copie-de travail"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:801
+#: builtin/update-index.c:991
 msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
 msgstr ""
 "ajouter seulement à l'index ; ne pas ajouter le contenu dans la base de "
 "données des objets"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:803
+#: builtin/update-index.c:993
 msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
 msgstr ""
 "supprimer les chemins nommés même s'ils sont présents dans la copie de "
 "travail"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:805
+#: builtin/update-index.c:995
 msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
 msgstr "avec --stdin : les lignes en entrée sont terminées par des octets nuls"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:807
+#: builtin/update-index.c:997
 msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
 msgstr "lire la liste des chemins à mettre à jour depuis l'entrée standard"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:811
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1001
 msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
 msgstr "ajouter les éléments depuis l'entrée standard à l'index"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:815
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1005
 msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
 msgstr "repeupler les étapes n°2 et n°3 pour les chemins listés"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:819
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1009
 msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
 msgstr "mettre à jour seulement les éléments qui diffèrent de HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:823
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1013
 msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
 msgstr "ignorer les fichiers manquants dans la copie de travail"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:826
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1016
 msgid "report actions to standard output"
 msgstr "afficher les actions sur la sortie standard"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:828
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1018
 msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
 msgstr "(pour porcelaines) oublier les conflits sauvés et non résolus"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:832
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1022
 msgid "write index in this format"
 msgstr "écrire l'index dans ce format"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:834
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1024
 msgid "enable or disable split index"
 msgstr "activer ou désactiver l'index divisé"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:9
-msgid "git update-ref [options] -d <refname> [<oldval>]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [options] -d <nomréférence> [<anciennevaleur>]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1026
+msgid "enable/disable untracked cache"
+msgstr "activer ou désactiver le cache de non-suivis"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:10
-msgid "git update-ref [options]    <refname> <newval> [<oldval>]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1028
+msgid "test if the filesystem supports untracked cache"
+msgstr "tester si le système de fichier supporte le cache de non-suivis"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1030
+msgid "enable untracked cache without testing the filesystem"
+msgstr "activer le cache de non-suivis sans tester le système de fichier"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1032
+msgid "write out the index even if is not flagged as changed"
+msgstr "écrire l'index même s'il n'est pas marqué comme modifié"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1034
+msgid "enable or disable file system monitor"
+msgstr ""
+"activer ou désactiver la surveillance du système de fichier (fsmonitor)"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1036
+msgid "mark files as fsmonitor valid"
+msgstr "marquer les fichiers comme valides pour fsmonitor"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1039
+msgid "clear fsmonitor valid bit"
+msgstr "effacer le bit de validité fsmonitor"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1138
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"enable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex est réglé à false ; supprimez-le ou changez-le si vous "
+"souhaitez vraiment activer l'index coupé"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1147
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"disable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex est réglé à vrai ; supprimez-le ou changez-le si vous "
+"souhaitez vraiment désactiver l'index coupé"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1158
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to disable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache est réglé à true ; supprimez-le ou changez-le si vous "
+"souhaitez vraiment désactiver le cache des fichiers non-suivis"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1162
+msgid "Untracked cache disabled"
+msgstr "Le cache non suivi est désactivé"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1170
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to enable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache est réglé à false ; supprimez-le ou changez-le si vous "
+"souhaitez vraiment activer le cache des fichiers non-suivis"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1174
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked cache enabled for '%s'"
+msgstr "Le cache non suivi est activé pour '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1182
+msgid "core.fsmonitor is unset; set it if you really want to enable fsmonitor"
+msgstr ""
+"core.fsmonitor est réglé à false ; changez-le si vous souhaitez vraiment "
+"activer la surveillance du système de fichiers"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1186
+msgid "fsmonitor enabled"
+msgstr "fsmonitor activé"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1189
+msgid ""
+"core.fsmonitor is set; remove it if you really want to disable fsmonitor"
 msgstr ""
-"git update-ref [options]    <nomréférence> <nouvellevaleur> "
-"[<anciennevaleur>]"
+"core.fsmonitor est réglé à true ; supprimez-le ou changez-le si vous "
+"souhaitez vraiment désactiver la surveillance du système de fichiers"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1193
+msgid "fsmonitor disabled"
+msgstr "fsmonitor désactivé"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:10
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] -d <refname> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<options>] -d <nom-référence> [<ancienne-valeur>]"
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:11
-msgid "git update-ref [options] --stdin [-z]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [options] --stdin [-z]"
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>]    <refname> <new-val> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git update-ref [<options>]    <nom-référence> <nouvelle-valeur> [<ancienne-"
+"valeur>]"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:359
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:12
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] --stdin [-z]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<options>] --stdin [-z]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
 msgid "delete the reference"
 msgstr "supprimer la référence"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:361
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:365
 msgid "update <refname> not the one it points to"
 msgstr "mettre à jour <nomréférence> et non la référence pointée par lui"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:362
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:366
 msgid "stdin has NUL-terminated arguments"
 msgstr "l'entrée standard a des arguments qui se terminent par NUL"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:367
 msgid "read updates from stdin"
 msgstr "lire les mises à jour depuis l'entrée standard"
 
-#: builtin/update-server-info.c:6
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:7
 msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
 msgstr "git update-server-info [--force]"
 
-#: builtin/update-server-info.c:14
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:15
 msgid "update the info files from scratch"
 msgstr "mettre à jour les fichiers d'information à partir de zéro"
 
-#: builtin/verify-commit.c:17
-msgid "git verify-commit [-v|--verbose] <commit>..."
-msgstr "git verify-commit [-v|--verbose] <commit>..."
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:11
+msgid "git upload-pack [<options>] <dir>"
+msgstr "git upload-pack [<options>] <répertoire>"
 
-#: builtin/verify-commit.c:75
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:25
+msgid "exit immediately after initial ref advertisement"
+msgstr "Sortir immédiatement après l'annonce initiale des références"
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:27
+msgid "do not try <directory>/.git/ if <directory> is no Git directory"
+msgstr ""
+"nes pas essayer <répertoire>/.git/ si <répertoire> n'est pas un répertoire "
+"Git"
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:29
+msgid "interrupt transfer after <n> seconds of inactivity"
+msgstr "interrompre le transfert après <n> secondes d'inactivité"
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:18
+msgid "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <commit>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:73
 msgid "print commit contents"
 msgstr "afficher le contenu du commit"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:54
-msgid "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>..."
-msgstr "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>..."
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:74 builtin/verify-tag.c:38
+msgid "print raw gpg status output"
+msgstr "afficher les messages bruts de gpg"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:55
+msgid "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <pack>..."
+msgstr "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <pack>..."
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:64
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:65
 msgid "verbose"
 msgstr "verbeux"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:66
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:67
 msgid "show statistics only"
 msgstr "afficher seulement les statistiques"
 
-#: builtin/verify-tag.c:17
-msgid "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>..."
-msgstr "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <étiquette>..."
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:19
+msgid "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<format>] <tag>..."
+msgstr "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<format>] <étiquette>..."
 
-#: builtin/verify-tag.c:73
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:37
 msgid "print tag contents"
 msgstr "afficher le contenu de l'étiquette"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:13
+#: builtin/worktree.c:17
+msgid "git worktree add [<options>] <path> [<commit-ish>]"
+msgstr "git worktree add [<options>] <chemin> [<commit>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:18
+msgid "git worktree list [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree list [<options>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:19
+msgid "git worktree lock [<options>] <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree lock [<options>] <chemin>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:20
+msgid "git worktree move <worktree> <new-path>"
+msgstr "git worktree move <arbre-de-travail> <nouveau-chemin>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:21
+msgid "git worktree prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree prune [<options>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:22
+msgid "git worktree remove [<options>] <worktree>"
+msgstr "git worktree remove [<options>] <arbre-de-travail>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:23
+msgid "git worktree unlock <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree unlock <chemin>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: not a valid directory"
+msgstr "Suppression de worktrees/%s : répertoire invalide"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:64
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file does not exist"
+msgstr "Suppression de worktrees/%s : le fichier gitdir n'existe pas"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:69 builtin/worktree.c:78
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: unable to read gitdir file (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+"Suppression de worktrees/%s : echec de la lecture du fichier gitdir (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Removing worktrees/%s: short read (expected %<PRIuMAX> bytes, read "
+"%<PRIuMAX>)"
+msgstr ""
+"Suppression de worktrees/%s: lecture trop courte ( %<PRIuMAX> octets "
+"attendus, %<PRIuMAX> octets lus)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:96
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: invalid gitdir file"
+msgstr "Suppression de worktrees/%s : fichier gitdir invalide"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file points to non-existent location"
+msgstr ""
+"Suppression de worktrees/%s : le fichier gitdir point sur un endroit "
+"inexistant"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:152
+msgid "report pruned working trees"
+msgstr "afficher les arbres de travail éliminés"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:154
+msgid "expire working trees older than <time>"
+msgstr "faire expirer les arbres de travail plus vieux que <temps>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:229
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' already exists"
+msgstr "'%s' existe déjà"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:260
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory of '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de créer le répertoire de '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:373 builtin/worktree.c:379
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (new branch '%s')"
+msgstr "Préparation de l'arbre de travail (nouvelle branche '%s')"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:375
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (resetting branch '%s'; was at %s)"
+msgstr ""
+"Préparation de l'arbre de travail (réinitialisation de la branche '%s' ; "
+"précédemment sur %s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:384
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (checking out '%s')"
+msgstr "Préparation de l'arbre de travail (extraction de '%s')"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:390
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (detached HEAD %s)"
+msgstr "Préparation de l'arbre de travail (HEAD détachée %s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:431
+msgid "checkout <branch> even if already checked out in other worktree"
+msgstr ""
+"extraire la <branche> même si elle est déjà extraite dans une autre copie de "
+"travail"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:434
+msgid "create a new branch"
+msgstr "créer une nouvelle branche"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:436
+msgid "create or reset a branch"
+msgstr "créer ou réinitialiser une branche"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:438
+msgid "populate the new working tree"
+msgstr "remplissage de la nouvelle copie de travail"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:439
+msgid "keep the new working tree locked"
+msgstr "conserver le verrou sur le nouvel arbre de travail"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:441
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-branch(1))"
+msgstr "régler le mode de suivi (voir git-branch(1))"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:444
+msgid "try to match the new branch name with a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "essayer de nommer la nouvelle branche comme la branche amont"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:452
+msgid "-b, -B, and --detach are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-b, -B et --detach sont mutuellement exclusifs"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:511
+msgid "--[no-]track can only be used if a new branch is created"
+msgstr ""
+"--[no-]track ne peut être utilisé qu'à la création d'une nouvelle branche"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:611
+msgid "reason for locking"
+msgstr "raison du verrouillage"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:623 builtin/worktree.c:656 builtin/worktree.c:710
+#: builtin/worktree.c:850
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a working tree"
+msgstr "'%s' n'est pas une copie de travail"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:625 builtin/worktree.c:658
+msgid "The main working tree cannot be locked or unlocked"
+msgstr ""
+"La copie de travail principale ne peut pas être verrouillée ou déverrouillée"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:630
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked, reason: %s"
+msgstr "'%s' est déjà verrouillé, car '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked"
+msgstr "'%s' est déjà verrouillé"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:660
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not locked"
+msgstr "'%s' n'est pas verrouillé"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:685
+msgid "working trees containing submodules cannot be moved or removed"
+msgstr ""
+"les arbres de travail contenant des sous-modules ne peuvent pas être "
+"déplacés ou supprimés"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:712 builtin/worktree.c:852
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is a main working tree"
+msgstr "'%s' est un arbre de travail principal"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not figure out destination name from '%s'"
+msgstr "impossible de trouver le nom de la destination à partir de '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "target '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "la cible '%s' existe déjà"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"impossible de déplacer un arbre de travail verrouillé, raison du "
+"verrouillage : %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:732
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree"
+msgstr "impossible de déplacer un arbre de travail verrouillé"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:735
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot move working tree: %s"
+msgstr "la validation a échoué, impossible de déplacer l'arbre de travail : %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:740
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to move '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "échec au déplacement de '%s' vers '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:788
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s'"
+msgstr "échec du lancement de 'git status' sur '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:792
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is dirty, use --force to delete it"
+msgstr "'%s' est sale, utilisez --force pour le supprimer"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:797
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s', code %d"
+msgstr "impossible de lancer 'git status' sur '%s', code %d"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:808 builtin/worktree.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete '%s'"
+msgstr "échec de la suppression de '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:834
+msgid "force removing even if the worktree is dirty"
+msgstr "forcer la suppression même si l'arbre de travail est sale"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:856
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"impossible de supprimer un arbre de travail verrouillé, raison du "
+"verrouillage : %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:858
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree"
+msgstr "impossible de supprimer un arbre de travail verrouillé"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:861
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot remove working tree: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"la validation a échoué, impossible de supprimer l'arbre de travail : %s"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:14
 msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
 msgstr "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<préfixe>/]"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:26
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
 msgid "<prefix>/"
 msgstr "<préfixe>/"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:28
 msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
 msgstr "écrire l'objet arbre pour un sous-répertoire <préfixe>"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:30
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:31
 msgid "only useful for debugging"
 msgstr "seulement utile pour le débogage"
 
-#: credential-cache--daemon.c:267
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The permissions on your socket directory are too loose; other\n"
+"users may be able to read your cached credentials. Consider running:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Les permissions de votre répertoire de socket sont trop permissives ;\n"
+"les autres utilisateurs pourraient lire vos identifiants secrets. Lancez :\n"
+"\n"
+"    chmod 0700 %s"
+
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:271
 msgid "print debugging messages to stderr"
 msgstr "afficher les messages de debug sur stderr"
 
-#: git.c:14
+#: git.c:27
+msgid ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--"
+"bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]\n"
+"           <command> [<args>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C <chemin>] [-c <nom>=<valeur>]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=<chemin>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-"
+"path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--"
+"bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=<chemin>] [--work-tree=<chemin>] [--namespace=<nom>]\n"
+"           <commande> [<args>]"
+
+#: git.c:34
 msgid ""
 "'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some\n"
 "concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
@@ -10275,406 +15699,880 @@ msgstr ""
 "quelques concepts. Voir 'git help <commande>' ou 'git help <concept>'\n"
 "pour en lire plus à propos d'une commande spécifique ou d'un concept."
 
-#: common-cmds.h:8
+#: git.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --git-dir\n"
+msgstr "aucun répertoire fourni pour --git-dir\n"
+
+#: git.c:187
+#, c-format
+msgid "no namespace given for --namespace\n"
+msgstr "aucun espace de nom fournit pour --namespace\n"
+
+#: git.c:201
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --work-tree\n"
+msgstr "aucun répertoire fourni pour --work-tree\n"
+
+#: git.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "no prefix given for --super-prefix\n"
+msgstr "aucun préfixe fourni pour --super-prefix\n"
+
+#: git.c:237
+#, c-format
+msgid "-c expects a configuration string\n"
+msgstr "-c requiert une chaîne de configuration\n"
+
+#: git.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for -C\n"
+msgstr "aucun répertoire fourni pour -C\n"
+
+#: git.c:300
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option: %s\n"
+msgstr "option inconnue : %s\n"
+
+#: git.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid "expansion of alias '%s' failed; '%s' is not a git command\n"
+msgstr ""
+"l'expansion de l'alias '%s' a échoué : '%s' n'est pas une commande git\n"
+
+#: git.c:777
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run command '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "échec au lancement de la commande '%s' : %s\n"
+
+#: http.c:348
+#, c-format
+msgid "negative value for http.postbuffer; defaulting to %d"
+msgstr ""
+"valeur négative pour http.postbuffer ; utilisation de la valeur par défaut %d"
+
+#: http.c:369
+msgid "Delegation control is not supported with cURL < 7.22.0"
+msgstr "La délégation de commande n'est pas supporté avec cuRL < 7.22.0"
+
+#: http.c:378
+msgid "Public key pinning not supported with cURL < 7.44.0"
+msgstr "L'épinglage de clé publique n'est pas supporté avec cuRL < 7.44.0"
+
+#: http.c:1854
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unable to update url base from redirection:\n"
+"  asked for: %s\n"
+"   redirect: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"impossible de mettre à jour la base de l'url depuis la redirection :\n"
+"      demandé : %s\n"
+"  redirection : %s"
+
+#: remote-curl.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "redirecting to %s"
+msgstr "redirection vers %s"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:59
+msgid "args"
+msgstr "args"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:60
+msgid "object filtering"
+msgstr "filtrage d'objet"
+
+#: parse-options.h:157
+msgid "expiry-date"
+msgstr "date-d'expiration"
+
+#: parse-options.h:172
+msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
+msgstr "sans action (rétrocompatibilité)"
+
+#: parse-options.h:251
+msgid "be more verbose"
+msgstr "être plus verbeux"
+
+#: parse-options.h:253
+msgid "be more quiet"
+msgstr "être plus silencieux"
+
+#: parse-options.h:259
+msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
+msgstr "utiliser <n> chiffres pour afficher les SHA-1s"
+
+#: command-list.h:50
 msgid "Add file contents to the index"
 msgstr "Ajouter le contenu de fichiers dans l'index"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:9
-msgid "Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug"
+#: command-list.h:51
+msgid "Apply a series of patches from a mailbox"
+msgstr "Appliquer une série de patchs depuis une boîte mail"
+
+#: command-list.h:52
+msgid "Annotate file lines with commit information"
+msgstr "Annoter les lignes du fichier avec l'information de commit"
+
+#: command-list.h:53
+msgid "Apply a patch to files and/or to the index"
+msgstr "Appliquer une patch à des fichiers ou à l'index"
+
+#: command-list.h:54
+msgid "Import an Arch repository into Git"
+msgstr "Importer dans Git un dépôt Arch"
+
+#: command-list.h:55
+msgid "Create an archive of files from a named tree"
+msgstr "Créer une archive des fichiers depuis un arbre nommé"
+
+#: command-list.h:56
+msgid "Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug"
 msgstr "Trouver par recherche binaire la modification qui a introduit un bogue"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:10
+#: command-list.h:57
+msgid "Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file"
+msgstr ""
+"Montrer la révision et l'auteur qui ont modifié en dernier chaque ligne d'un "
+"fichier"
+
+#: command-list.h:58
 msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
 msgstr "Lister, créer ou supprimer des branches"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:11
-msgid "Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree"
-msgstr "Extraire une branche ou des chemins dans la copie de travail"
+#: command-list.h:59
+msgid "Move objects and refs by archive"
+msgstr "Déplacer les objets et références par archive"
+
+#: command-list.h:60
+msgid "Provide content or type and size information for repository objects"
+msgstr ""
+"Fournir les contenu ou l'information de type et taille pour les objets du "
+"dépôt"
+
+#: command-list.h:61
+msgid "Display gitattributes information"
+msgstr "Afficher les informations gitattributes"
+
+#: command-list.h:62
+msgid "Debug gitignore / exclude files"
+msgstr "Déboguer gitignore / les fichiers d'exclusion"
+
+#: command-list.h:63
+msgid "Show canonical names and email addresses of contacts"
+msgstr "Afficher les noms canoniques et les adresses courriel des contacts"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:12
+#: command-list.h:64
+msgid "Switch branches or restore working tree files"
+msgstr "Basculer de branche ou restaurer la copie de travail"
+
+#: command-list.h:65
+msgid "Copy files from the index to the working tree"
+msgstr "Copier les fichiers depuis l'index dans la copie de travail"
+
+#: command-list.h:66
+msgid "Ensures that a reference name is well formed"
+msgstr "Assure qu'un nom de référence est bien formé"
+
+#: command-list.h:67
+msgid "Find commits yet to be applied to upstream"
+msgstr "Trouver les commits à appliquer en amont"
+
+#: command-list.h:68
+msgid "Apply the changes introduced by some existing commits"
+msgstr "Appliquer les modifications introduites par des commits existants"
+
+#: command-list.h:69
+msgid "Graphical alternative to git-commit"
+msgstr "Alternative graphique à git-commit"
+
+#: command-list.h:70
+msgid "Remove untracked files from the working tree"
+msgstr "Supprimer les fichiers non-suivis de l'arbre de travail"
+
+#: command-list.h:71
 msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
 msgstr "Cloner un dépôt dans un nouveau répertoire"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:13
+#: command-list.h:72
+msgid "Display data in columns"
+msgstr "Afficher les données en colonnes"
+
+#: command-list.h:73
 msgid "Record changes to the repository"
 msgstr "Enregistrer les modifications dans le dépôt"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:14
+#: command-list.h:74
+msgid "Write and verify Git commit graph files"
+msgstr "Écrire et vérifier les fichiers de graphe de commit Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:75
+msgid "Create a new commit object"
+msgstr "Créer un nouvel objet commit"
+
+#: command-list.h:76
+msgid "Get and set repository or global options"
+msgstr "voir et régler les options globales ou de dépôt"
+
+#: command-list.h:77
+msgid "Count unpacked number of objects and their disk consumption"
+msgstr ""
+"Compter le nombre d'objets non-empaquetés et leur consommation d'espace "
+"disque"
+
+#: command-list.h:78
+msgid "Retrieve and store user credentials"
+msgstr "Récupérer et sauvegarder les certificats d'utilisateur"
+
+#: command-list.h:79
+msgid "Helper to temporarily store passwords in memory"
+msgstr "Assistant pour maintenir temporairement en mémoire les mots de passe"
+
+#: command-list.h:80
+msgid "Helper to store credentials on disk"
+msgstr "Assistant pour sauvegarder les certificats sur disque"
+
+#: command-list.h:81
+msgid "Export a single commit to a CVS checkout"
+msgstr "Exporter un commit unique en extraction CVS"
+
+#: command-list.h:82
+msgid "Salvage your data out of another SCM people love to hate"
+msgstr "Sauver vos données depuis un autre SCM qu'on aime à haïr"
+
+#: command-list.h:83
+msgid "A CVS server emulator for Git"
+msgstr "Un émulateur de serveur CVS pour Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:84
+msgid "A really simple server for Git repositories"
+msgstr "Un serveur vraiment simple pour les dépôts Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:85
+msgid "Give an object a human readable name based on an available ref"
+msgstr ""
+"Baptiser un objet avec un nom lisible à partir d'une référence disponible"
+
+#: command-list.h:86
 msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
 msgstr ""
 "Afficher les changements entre les validations, entre validation et copie de "
 "travail, etc"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:15
+#: command-list.h:87
+msgid "Compares files in the working tree and the index"
+msgstr "Compare des fichiers de l'arbre de travail et de l'index"
+
+#: command-list.h:88
+msgid "Compare a tree to the working tree or index"
+msgstr "Comparer un arbre avec l'arbre de travail ou l'index"
+
+#: command-list.h:89
+msgid "Compares the content and mode of blobs found via two tree objects"
+msgstr "Compare le contenu et la mode des blobs trouvés via deux objets arbre"
+
+#: command-list.h:90
+msgid "Show changes using common diff tools"
+msgstr "Afficher les modifications en utilisant les outils habituel de diff"
+
+#: command-list.h:91
+msgid "Git data exporter"
+msgstr "Exporteur de données Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:92
+msgid "Backend for fast Git data importers"
+msgstr "Moteur pour les importateurs rapides de données Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:93
 msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
 msgstr "Télécharger les objets et références depuis un autre dépôt"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:16
+#: command-list.h:94
+msgid "Receive missing objects from another repository"
+msgstr "Télécharger les objets manquants depuis un autre dépôt"
+
+#: command-list.h:95
+msgid "Rewrite branches"
+msgstr "Réécrire les branches"
+
+#: command-list.h:96
+msgid "Produce a merge commit message"
+msgstr "Produire un message de validation de fusion"
+
+#: command-list.h:97
+msgid "Output information on each ref"
+msgstr "Afficher l'information de chaque référence"
+
+#: command-list.h:98
+msgid "Prepare patches for e-mail submission"
+msgstr "Préparer les patchs pour soumission par courriel"
+
+#: command-list.h:99
+msgid "Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database"
+msgstr ""
+"Vérifier la connectivité et la validité des objets dans la base de données"
+
+#: command-list.h:100
+msgid "Cleanup unnecessary files and optimize the local repository"
+msgstr "Effacer les fichiers non-nécessaires et optimiser le dépôt local"
+
+#: command-list.h:101
+msgid "Extract commit ID from an archive created using git-archive"
+msgstr "Extraire l'ID du commit depuis une archive créée par git-archive"
+
+#: command-list.h:102
 msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
 msgstr "Afficher les lignes correspondant à un motif"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:17
+#: command-list.h:103
+msgid "A portable graphical interface to Git"
+msgstr "Une interface graphique portable pour Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:104
+msgid "Compute object ID and optionally creates a blob from a file"
+msgstr ""
+"Calculer l'ID d'objet et créer optionnellement un blob depuis un fichier"
+
+#: command-list.h:105
+msgid "Display help information about Git"
+msgstr "Afficher l'information d'aide à propos de Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:106
+msgid "Server side implementation of Git over HTTP"
+msgstr "Implantation côté serveur de Git sur HTTP"
+
+#: command-list.h:107
+msgid "Download from a remote Git repository via HTTP"
+msgstr "Télécharger depuis un dépôt Git distant via HTTP"
+
+#: command-list.h:108
+msgid "Push objects over HTTP/DAV to another repository"
+msgstr "Pousser les objets sur un autre dépôt via HTTP/DAV"
+
+#: command-list.h:109
+msgid "Send a collection of patches from stdin to an IMAP folder"
+msgstr "Envoyer un ensemble de patchs depuis stdin vers un répertoire IMAP"
+
+#: command-list.h:110
+msgid "Build pack index file for an existing packed archive"
+msgstr ""
+"Construire un fichier d'index pack depuis une archive compactée existante"
+
+#: command-list.h:111
 msgid "Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
 msgstr "Créer un dépôt Git vide ou réinitialiser un existant"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:18
+#: command-list.h:112
+msgid "Instantly browse your working repository in gitweb"
+msgstr "Naviguer instantanément votre dépôt de travail dans gitweb"
+
+#: command-list.h:113
+msgid "add or parse structured information in commit messages"
+msgstr ""
+"ajouter ou analyser l'information structurée dans les messages de validation"
+
+#: command-list.h:114
+msgid "The Git repository browser"
+msgstr "Le navigateur de dépôt Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:115
 msgid "Show commit logs"
 msgstr "Afficher l'historique des validations"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:19
+#: command-list.h:116
+msgid "Show information about files in the index and the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+"Afficher l'information à propos des fichiers dans l'index ou l'arbre de "
+"travail"
+
+#: command-list.h:117
+msgid "List references in a remote repository"
+msgstr "Lister les références dans un dépôt distant"
+
+#: command-list.h:118
+msgid "List the contents of a tree object"
+msgstr "Afficher le contenu d'un objet arbre"
+
+#: command-list.h:119
+msgid "Extracts patch and authorship from a single e-mail message"
+msgstr ""
+"Extraire le patch et l'information de d'auteur depuis un simple message de "
+"courriel"
+
+#: command-list.h:120
+msgid "Simple UNIX mbox splitter program"
+msgstr "Programme simple de découpage de mbox UNIX"
+
+#: command-list.h:121
 msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
 msgstr "Fusionner deux ou plusieurs historiques de développement ensemble"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:20
+#: command-list.h:122
+msgid "Find as good common ancestors as possible for a merge"
+msgstr "Trouver un ancêtre aussi bon que possible pour une fusion"
+
+#: command-list.h:123
+msgid "Run a three-way file merge"
+msgstr "Lancer une fusion à 3 points"
+
+#: command-list.h:124
+msgid "Run a merge for files needing merging"
+msgstr "Lancer une fusion à 3 points pour les fichiers à fusionner"
+
+#: command-list.h:125
+msgid "The standard helper program to use with git-merge-index"
+msgstr "Le programme assistant standard à utiliser avec git-merge-index"
+
+#: command-list.h:126
+msgid "Run merge conflict resolution tools to resolve merge conflicts"
+msgstr ""
+"Lancer les outils de résolution de conflit de fusion pour résoudre les "
+"conflits de fusion"
+
+#: command-list.h:127
+msgid "Show three-way merge without touching index"
+msgstr "Afficher la fusion à trois points sans modifier l'index"
+
+#: command-list.h:128
+msgid "Creates a tag object"
+msgstr "Créer un objet étiquette"
+
+#: command-list.h:129
+msgid "Build a tree-object from ls-tree formatted text"
+msgstr "Construire un objet arbre depuis une texte formaté comme ls-tree"
+
+#: command-list.h:130
 msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
 msgstr "Déplacer ou renommer un fichier, un répertoire, ou un lien symbolique"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:21
+#: command-list.h:131
+msgid "Find symbolic names for given revs"
+msgstr "Trouver les noms symboliques pour des révisions données"
+
+#: command-list.h:132
+msgid "Add or inspect object notes"
+msgstr "Ajouter ou inspecter les notes d'un objets"
+
+#: command-list.h:133
+msgid "Import from and submit to Perforce repositories"
+msgstr "Importer et soumettre à des dépôt Perforce"
+
+#: command-list.h:134
+msgid "Create a packed archive of objects"
+msgstr "Créer une archive compactée d'objets"
+
+#: command-list.h:135
+msgid "Find redundant pack files"
+msgstr "Trouver les fichiers pack redondants"
+
+#: command-list.h:136
+msgid "Pack heads and tags for efficient repository access"
+msgstr "Empaqueter les têtes et les étiquettes pour un accès efficace au dépôt"
+
+#: command-list.h:137
+msgid "Routines to help parsing remote repository access parameters"
+msgstr ""
+"Routines pour aider à analyser les paramètres d'accès aux dépôts distants"
+
+#: command-list.h:138
+msgid "Compute unique ID for a patch"
+msgstr "Calculer l'ID unique d'un patch"
+
+#: command-list.h:139
+msgid "Prune all unreachable objects from the object database"
+msgstr ""
+"Éliminer les objets inatteignables depuis la base de données des objets"
+
+#: command-list.h:140
+msgid "Remove extra objects that are already in pack files"
+msgstr "Éliminer les objets qui sont déjà présents dans les fichiers pack"
+
+#: command-list.h:141
 msgid "Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch"
 msgstr "Rapatrier et intégrer un autre dépôt ou une branche locale"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:22
+#: command-list.h:142
 msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
 msgstr "Mettre à jour les références distantes ainsi que les objets associés"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:23
-msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
-msgstr ""
-"Reporter les validations locales sur le sommet mis à jour d'une branche amont"
+#: command-list.h:143
+msgid "Applies a quilt patchset onto the current branch"
+msgstr "Appliquer un patchset quilt sur la branche courante"
+
+#: command-list.h:144
+msgid "Reads tree information into the index"
+msgstr "Lire l'information d'arbre dans l'index"
+
+#: command-list.h:145
+msgid "Reapply commits on top of another base tip"
+msgstr "Réapplication des commits sur le sommet de l'autre base"
+
+#: command-list.h:146
+msgid "Receive what is pushed into the repository"
+msgstr "Recevoir ce qui est poussé dans le dépôt"
+
+#: command-list.h:147
+msgid "Manage reflog information"
+msgstr "Gérer l'information de reflog"
+
+#: command-list.h:148
+msgid "Manage set of tracked repositories"
+msgstr "Gérer un ensemble de dépôts suivis"
+
+#: command-list.h:149
+msgid "Pack unpacked objects in a repository"
+msgstr "Empaqueter les objets non-empaquetés d'un dépôt"
+
+#: command-list.h:150
+msgid "Create, list, delete refs to replace objects"
+msgstr "Créer, lister, supprimer des référence pour remplacer des objets"
+
+#: command-list.h:151
+msgid "Generates a summary of pending changes"
+msgstr "Générer une résumé des modifications en attentes"
+
+#: command-list.h:152
+msgid "Reuse recorded resolution of conflicted merges"
+msgstr "Réutiliser une résolution enregistrée de fusions conflictuelles"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:24
+#: command-list.h:153
 msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
 msgstr "Réinitialiser la HEAD courante à l'état spécifié"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:25
+#: command-list.h:154
+msgid "Revert some existing commits"
+msgstr "Inverser des commits existants"
+
+#: command-list.h:155
+msgid "Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order"
+msgstr "Afficher les objets commit dans l'ordre chronologique inverse"
+
+#: command-list.h:156
+msgid "Pick out and massage parameters"
+msgstr "Analyser et préparer les paramètres"
+
+#: command-list.h:157
 msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
 msgstr "Supprimer des fichiers de la copie de travail et de l'index"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:26
+#: command-list.h:158
+msgid "Send a collection of patches as emails"
+msgstr "Envoyer un ensemble de patchs comme courriels"
+
+#: command-list.h:159
+msgid "Push objects over Git protocol to another repository"
+msgstr "Pousser les objets sur un autre dépôt via le protocole Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:160
+msgid "Restricted login shell for Git-only SSH access"
+msgstr "shell de login restreint pour un accès SSH vers Git seulement"
+
+#: command-list.h:161
+msgid "Summarize 'git log' output"
+msgstr "Résumer la sortie de 'git log'"
+
+#: command-list.h:162
 msgid "Show various types of objects"
 msgstr "Afficher différents types d'objets"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:27
-msgid "Show the working tree status"
-msgstr "Afficher le statut de la copie de travail"
+#: command-list.h:163
+msgid "Show branches and their commits"
+msgstr "Afficher les branches et leurs commits"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:28
-msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
-msgstr ""
-"Créer, lister, supprimer ou vérifier un objet d'étiquette signé avec GPG"
+#: command-list.h:164
+msgid "Show packed archive index"
+msgstr "Afficher l'index de l'archive empaquetée"
 
-#: parse-options.h:143
-msgid "expiry-date"
-msgstr "date-d'expiration"
+#: command-list.h:165
+msgid "List references in a local repository"
+msgstr "Lister les références du dépôt local"
 
-#: parse-options.h:158
-msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
-msgstr "sans action (rétrocompatibilité)"
+#: command-list.h:166
+msgid "Git's i18n setup code for shell scripts"
+msgstr "Le code d'initialisation i18n pour les scripts shell"
 
-#: parse-options.h:232
-msgid "be more verbose"
-msgstr "être plus verbeux"
+#: command-list.h:167
+msgid "Common Git shell script setup code"
+msgstr "Le code d'initialisation commun aux scripts shell Git"
 
-#: parse-options.h:234
-msgid "be more quiet"
-msgstr "être plus silencieux"
+#: command-list.h:168
+msgid "Stash the changes in a dirty working directory away"
+msgstr "Remiser les modifications d'un répertoire de travail sale"
 
-#: parse-options.h:240
-msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
-msgstr "utiliser <n> chiffres pour afficher les SHA-1s"
+#: command-list.h:169
+msgid "Add file contents to the staging area"
+msgstr "Ajouter le contenu de fichiers à l'index"
 
-#: rerere.h:27
-msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
-msgstr ""
-"met à jour l'index avec les résolutions de conflit réutilisées si possible"
+#: command-list.h:170
+msgid "Show the working tree status"
+msgstr "Afficher l'état de la copie de travail"
 
-#: git-am.sh:53
-msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
-msgstr "Vous devez d'abord définir vos informations de validateur"
+#: command-list.h:171
+msgid "Remove unnecessary whitespace"
+msgstr "Retirer les espaces inutiles"
 
-#: git-am.sh:98
-msgid ""
-"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
-"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
-msgstr ""
-"Vous semblez avoir déplacé la HEAD depuis le dernier échec de 'am'.\n"
-"Pas de retour à ORIG_HEAD"
+#: command-list.h:172
+msgid "Initialize, update or inspect submodules"
+msgstr "Initialiser, mettre à jour et inspecter les sous-modules"
 
-#: git-am.sh:108
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"When you have resolved this problem, run \"$cmdline --continue\".\n"
-"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"$cmdline --skip\" instead.\n"
-"To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
-msgstr ""
-"Lorsque vous aurez résolu ce problème, lancez \"$cmdline --continue\".\n"
-"Si vous préférez sauter ce patch, lancez \"$cmdline --skip\" à la place.\n"
-"Pour restaurer la branche d'origine et stopper le patchage, lancez "
-"\"$cmdline --abort\"."
+#: command-list.h:173
+msgid "Bidirectional operation between a Subversion repository and Git"
+msgstr "Opération Bidirectionnelles entre un dépôt Subversion et Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:124
-msgid "Cannot fall back to three-way merge."
-msgstr "Impossible de retourner à une fusion à 3 points."
+#: command-list.h:174
+msgid "Read, modify and delete symbolic refs"
+msgstr "Lire, modifier et supprimer les références symboliques"
 
-#: git-am.sh:140
-msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+#: command-list.h:175
+msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
 msgstr ""
-"Le dépôt n'a pas les blobs nécessaires pour un retour à une fusion à 3 "
-"points."
+"Créer, lister, supprimer ou vérifier un objet d'étiquette signé avec GPG"
 
-#: git-am.sh:142
-msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
+#: command-list.h:176
+msgid "Creates a temporary file with a blob's contents"
+msgstr "Créer un fichier temporaire avec le contenu d'un blob"
+
+#: command-list.h:177
+msgid "Unpack objects from a packed archive"
+msgstr "Dépaqueter les objets depuis une archive empaquetée"
+
+#: command-list.h:178
+msgid "Register file contents in the working tree to the index"
+msgstr "Enregistrer le contenu d'un fichier de l'arbre de travail dans l'index"
+
+#: command-list.h:179
+msgid "Update the object name stored in a ref safely"
 msgstr ""
-"Utilisation de l'information de l'index pour reconstruire un arbre de base..."
+"Mettre à jour le nom d'objet stocké dans une référence en toute sécurité"
 
-#: git-am.sh:157
-msgid ""
-"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
-"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+#: command-list.h:180
+msgid "Update auxiliary info file to help dumb servers"
 msgstr ""
-"Avez-vous édité le patch à la main ?\n"
-"Il ne s'applique pas aux blobs enregistrés dans son index."
+"Mettre à jour le fichier d'informations auxiliaires pour aider les serveurs "
+"idiots"
 
-#: git-am.sh:166
-msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
-msgstr "Retour à un patch de la base et fusion à 3 points..."
+#: command-list.h:181
+msgid "Send archive back to git-archive"
+msgstr "Renvoyer une archive dans git-archive"
 
-#: git-am.sh:182
-msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
-msgstr "Échec d'intégration des modifications."
+#: command-list.h:182
+msgid "Send objects packed back to git-fetch-pack"
+msgstr "Renvoyer des objets empaquetés dans git-fetch-pack"
 
-#: git-am.sh:277
-msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
-msgstr "Seulement une série de patchs StGIT peut être appliquée à la fois"
+#: command-list.h:183
+msgid "Show a Git logical variable"
+msgstr "Afficher un variable logique de Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:364
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
-msgstr "Le format de patch $patch_format n'est pas supporté."
+#: command-list.h:184
+msgid "Check the GPG signature of commits"
+msgstr "Vérifier la signature GPG de commits"
 
-#: git-am.sh:366
-msgid "Patch format detection failed."
-msgstr "Échec de détection du format du patch."
+#: command-list.h:185
+msgid "Validate packed Git archive files"
+msgstr "Valider des fichiers d'archive Git empaquetés"
 
-#: git-am.sh:398
-msgid ""
-"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
-"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
-msgstr ""
-"L'option -b/--binary ne fait plus rien depuis longtemps,\n"
-"et elle sera supprimée. Veuillez ne plus l'utiliser."
+#: command-list.h:186
+msgid "Check the GPG signature of tags"
+msgstr "Vérifier la signature GPG d'étiquettes"
 
-#: git-am.sh:496
-#, sh-format
-msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
-msgstr ""
-"le répertoire précédent de rebasage $dotest existe toujours mais mbox donnée."
+#: command-list.h:187
+msgid "Git web interface (web frontend to Git repositories)"
+msgstr "Interface web de Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:501
-msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
-msgstr "Décidez-vous. --skip ou --abort ?"
+#: command-list.h:188
+msgid "Show logs with difference each commit introduces"
+msgstr "Afficher les journaux avec la différence que chaque commit introduit"
 
-#: git-am.sh:537
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Stray $dotest directory found.\n"
-"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
-msgstr ""
-"Répertoire abandonné $dotest trouvé.\n"
-"Utilisez \"git am --abort\" pour le supprimer."
+#: command-list.h:189
+msgid "Manage multiple working trees"
+msgstr "Gère de arbres de travail multiples"
 
-#: git-am.sh:545
-msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
-msgstr ""
-"Pas de résolution de l'opération en cours, nous ne sommes pas dans une "
-"reprise."
+#: command-list.h:190
+msgid "Create a tree object from the current index"
+msgstr "Créer un objet arbre depuis l'index courant"
 
-#: git-am.sh:612
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
-msgstr "Index sale : impossible d'appliquer des patchs (sales : $files)"
+#: command-list.h:191
+msgid "Defining attributes per path"
+msgstr "Définition des attributs par chemin"
 
-#: git-am.sh:722
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?\n"
-"If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
-"To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
-msgstr ""
-"Le patch est vide.  Était-il mal découpé ?\n"
-"Si vous préférez sauter ce patch, lancez plutôt \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
-"Pour restaurer la branche d'origine et stopper le patchage, lancez "
-"\"$cmdline --abort\"."
+#: command-list.h:192
+msgid "Git command-line interface and conventions"
+msgstr "interface en ligne de commande et conventions de Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:749
-msgid "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
-msgstr "Le patch n'a pas d'adresse e-mail valide."
+#: command-list.h:193
+msgid "A Git core tutorial for developers"
+msgstr "Tutoriel du cœur de Git pour les développeurs"
 
-#: git-am.sh:796
-msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
-msgstr ""
-"impossible d'être interactif sans entrée standard connectée à un terminal."
+#: command-list.h:194
+msgid "Git for CVS users"
+msgstr "Git pour les utilisateurs de CVS"
 
-#: git-am.sh:800
-msgid "Commit Body is:"
-msgstr "Le corps de la validation est :"
+#: command-list.h:195
+msgid "Tweaking diff output"
+msgstr "Bidouillage de la sortie diff"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
-#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
-#. input at this point.
-#: git-am.sh:807
-msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
-msgstr "Appliquer ? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
+#: command-list.h:196
+msgid "A useful minimum set of commands for Everyday Git"
+msgstr "Un ensemble minimal utile des commandes de Git pour tous les jours"
 
-#: git-am.sh:843
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
-msgstr "Application : $FIRSTLINE"
+#: command-list.h:197
+msgid "A Git Glossary"
+msgstr "Un glossaire Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:864
-msgid ""
-"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
-"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
-"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
-msgstr ""
-"Aucun changement - avez-vous oublié d'utiliser 'git add' ?\n"
-"S'il n'y a plus rien à indexer, il se peut qu'autre chose ait déjà\n"
-"introduit les mêmes changements ; vous pourriez avoir envie de sauter ce "
-"patch."
+#: command-list.h:198
+msgid "Hooks used by Git"
+msgstr "Crochets utilisés par Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:872
-msgid ""
-"You still have unmerged paths in your index\n"
-"did you forget to use 'git add'?"
-msgstr ""
-"Vous avez toujours des chemins non fusionnés dans votre index\n"
-"auriez-vous oublié de faire 'git add' ?"
+#: command-list.h:199
+msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
+msgstr "Spécifie les fichiers non-suivis à ignorer intentionnellement"
 
-#: git-am.sh:888
-msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
-msgstr "Pas de changement -- Patch déjà appliqué."
+#: command-list.h:200
+msgid "Defining submodule properties"
+msgstr "Définition des propriétés de sous-module"
 
-#: git-am.sh:898
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
-msgstr "Le patch a échoué à $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+#: command-list.h:201
+msgid "Git namespaces"
+msgstr "Espaces de nom de Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:901
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"The copy of the patch that failed is found in:\n"
-"   $dotest/patch"
-msgstr ""
-"La copie du patch qui a échoué se trouve dans :\n"
-"   $dotest/patch"
+#: command-list.h:202
+msgid "Git Repository Layout"
+msgstr "Disposition d'un dépôt Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:919
-msgid "applying to an empty history"
-msgstr "application à un historique vide"
+#: command-list.h:203
+msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
+msgstr "Spécification des révisions et portées pour Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:204
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git: part two"
+msgstr "Une introduction pratique à Git : deuxième partie"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:48
+#: command-list.h:205
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git"
+msgstr "Une introduction pratique à Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:206
+msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
+msgstr "Un aperçu des flux de travail recommandés avec Git"
+
+#: rerere.h:40
+msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
+msgstr ""
+"met à jour l'index avec les résolutions de conflit réutilisées si possible"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
 msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
 msgstr "Vous devez démarrer avec \"git bisect start\""
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:54
+#: git-bisect.sh:60
 msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
 msgstr "Souhaitez-vous que je le fasse pour vous [Y/n] ? "
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#: git-bisect.sh:121
 #, sh-format
 msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
 msgstr "option inconnue : '$arg'"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#: git-bisect.sh:125
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
 msgstr "'$arg' ne semble être une révision valide"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:117
+#: git-bisect.sh:154
 msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
 msgstr "Mauvaise HEAD - j'ai besoin d'une HEAD"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#: git-bisect.sh:167
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <valid-branch>'."
 msgstr ""
-"L'extraction de '$start_head' a échoué. Essayez 'git bisect reset "
-"<branchevalide>'."
+"L'extraction de '$start_head' a échoué. Essayez 'git bisect reset <branche-"
+"valide>'."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:140
+#: git-bisect.sh:177
 msgid "won't bisect on cg-seek'ed tree"
 msgstr "refus de bissecter sur un arbre 'cg-seeked'"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:144
+#: git-bisect.sh:181
 msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
 msgstr "Mauvaise HEAD - référence symbolique douteuse"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#: git-bisect.sh:233
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
 msgstr "Mauvais argument pour bisect_write : $state"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#: git-bisect.sh:246
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
 msgstr "Mauvaise révision en entrée : $arg"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:232
-msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
-msgstr "Veuillez appeler 'bisect_state' avec au moins un argument."
+#: git-bisect.sh:265
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $bisected_head"
+msgstr "Mauvaise révision en entrée : $bisected_head"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#: git-bisect.sh:274
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
 msgstr "Mauvaise révision en entrée : $rev"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:253
-msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
-msgstr "'git bisect bad' n'accepte qu'un seul argument."
+#: git-bisect.sh:283
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' can take only one argument."
+msgstr "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' n'accepte qu'un seul argument."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:276
-msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a bad commit."
-msgstr "Attention : bissection avec seulement une mauvaise validation."
+#: git-bisect.sh:306
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a $TERM_BAD commit."
+msgstr "Attention : bissection avec seulement une validation $TERM_BAD."
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:282
+#: git-bisect.sh:312
 msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
-msgstr "Êtes-vous sûr [Y/n] ? "
+msgstr "Confirmez-vous [Y/n] ? "
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:292
+#: git-bisect.sh:324
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"You need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.\n"
-"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+"You need to give me at least one $bad_syn and one $good_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
-"Vous devez me donner au moins une bonne et une mauvaise révision.\n"
-"(Vous pouvez utiliser \"git bisect bad\" et \"git bisect good\" pour cela.)"
+"Vous devez me donner au moins une révision $bad_syn et une révision "
+"$good_syn.\n"
+"(Vous pouvez utiliser \"git bisect $bad_syn\" et \"git bisect $good_syn\" "
+"pour cela.)"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:295
+#: git-bisect.sh:327
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
-"You then need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.\n"
-"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+"You then need to give me at least one $good_syn and one $bad_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
 "Vous devez démarrer avec \"git bisect start\".\n"
-"Puis vous devez me donner au moins une bonne et une mauvaise révision.\n"
-"(Vous pouvez utiliser \"git bisect bad\" et \"git bisect good\" pour cela.)"
+"Puis vous devez me donner au moins une révision $good_syn et une révision "
+"$bad_syn.\n"
+"(Vous pouvez utiliser \"git bisect $bad_syn\" et \"git bisect $good_syn\" "
+"pour cela.)"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:366 git-bisect.sh:493
+#: git-bisect.sh:398 git-bisect.sh:512
 msgid "We are not bisecting."
 msgstr "Pas de bissection en cours."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:373
+#: git-bisect.sh:405
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
 msgstr "'$invalid' n'est pas une validation valide"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:382
+#: git-bisect.sh:414
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
@@ -10683,25 +16581,29 @@ msgstr ""
 "Échec d'extraction de la HEAD d'origine '$branch'.\n"
 "Essayez 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:409
+#: git-bisect.sh:422
 msgid "No logfile given"
 msgstr "Pas de fichier de log donné"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:410
+#: git-bisect.sh:423
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
 msgstr "impossible de lire $file pour rejouer"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#: git-bisect.sh:444
 msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
 msgstr "?? de quoi parlez-vous ?"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:439
+#: git-bisect.sh:453
+msgid "bisect run failed: no command provided."
+msgstr "la bissection a échoué : aucune commande fournie."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:458
 #, sh-format
 msgid "running $command"
 msgstr "lancement de $command"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:446
+#: git-bisect.sh:465
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
@@ -10710,11 +16612,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "la bissection a échoué :\n"
 "le code retour $res de '$command' est < 0 ou >= 128"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:472
+#: git-bisect.sh:491
 msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
 msgstr "la bissection ne peut plus continuer"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:478
+#: git-bisect.sh:497
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
@@ -10723,116 +16625,122 @@ msgstr ""
 "la bissection a échoué :\n"
 "'bisect_state $state' a retourné le code erreur $res"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:485
+#: git-bisect.sh:504
 msgid "bisect run success"
 msgstr "succès de la bissection"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:21
-msgid ""
-"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
-"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
-"as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
+#: git-bisect.sh:533
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Invalid command: you're currently in a $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD bisect."
 msgstr ""
-"Le tirage n'est pas possible car vous avez des fichiers non fusionnés.\n"
-"Veuillez les corriger dans votre copie de travail, utiliser alors 'git add/"
-"rm <fichier>'\n"
-"si nécessaire pour marquer comme résolu et valider."
+"Commande invalide : vous êtes actuellement dans une bissection $TERM_BAD/"
+"$TERM_GOOD."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:25
-msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
-msgstr "Le pull n'est pas possible car vous avez des fichiers non fusionnés."
+#: git-bisect.sh:567
+msgid "no terms defined"
+msgstr "aucun terme défini"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:31
+#: git-bisect.sh:584
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
-"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+"invalid argument $arg for 'git bisect terms'.\n"
+"Supported options are: --term-good|--term-old and --term-bad|--term-new."
 msgstr ""
-"Vous n'avez pas terminé votre fusion (MERGE_HEAD existe).\n"
-"Veuillez valider vos changements avant de pouvoir fusionner."
+"argument invalide $arg pour 'git bisect terms'.\n"
+"Les options supportées sont : --term-good|--term-old et --term-bad|--term-"
+"new."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:245
-msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:46
+msgid ""
+"Error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by "
+"merge"
 msgstr ""
-"mise à jour d'une branche non encore créée avec les changements ajoutés dans "
-"l'index"
+"Erreur : vos modifications locales aux fichiers suivants seraient écrasées "
+"par la fusion"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:61
+msgid "Automated merge did not work."
+msgstr "La fusion automatique a échoué."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:269
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:62
+msgid "Should not be doing an octopus."
+msgstr "L'Octopus ne devrait pas arriver."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:73
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
-"Warning: fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
-"Warning: commit $orig_head."
-msgstr ""
-"Attention : fetch a mis à jour la tête de la branche courante.\n"
-"Attention : mise à jour en avance rapide de votre copie de travail\n"
-"Attention : depuis la validation $orig_head."
+msgid "Unable to find common commit with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Impossible de trouver un commit commun avec $pretty_name"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:294
-msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
-msgstr "Impossible de fusionner de multiples branches sur une tête vide"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:77
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Already up to date with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Déjà à jour avec $pretty_name"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:298
-msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
-msgstr "Impossible de rebaser sur de multiples branches"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding to: $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Mise à jour en avance rapide sur $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:97
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Trying simple merge with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Essai de fusion simple avec $pretty_name"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:57
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:102
+msgid "Simple merge did not work, trying automatic merge."
+msgstr "La fusion simple a échoué, essai avec la fusion automatique."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:61
 msgid ""
-"When you have resolved this problem, run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
-"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"git rebase --skip\" instead.\n"
-"To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run \"git rebase --abort"
-"\"."
-msgstr ""
-"Lorsque vous aurez résolu ce problème, lancez \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
-"Si vous préférez sauter ce patch, lancez \"git rebase --skip\" à la place.\n"
-"Pour extraire la branche d'origine et stopper le rebasage, lancez \"git "
-"rebase --abort\"."
+"Resolve all conflicts manually, mark them as resolved with\n"
+"\"git add/rm <conflicted_files>\", then run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"You can instead skip this commit: run \"git rebase --skip\".\n"
+"To abort and get back to the state before \"git rebase\", run \"git rebase --"
+"abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Résolvez tous les conflits manuellement, marquez-les comme résolus avec\n"
+"\"git add/rm <fichier en conflit>\", puis lancez \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"Si vous préférez sauter ce commit, lancez \"git rebase --skip\". Pour "
+"arrêter\n"
+"et revenir à l'état antérieur à la commande, lancez \"git rebase --abort\"."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:173 git-rebase.sh:442
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
+msgstr "Impossible de revenir à $head_name"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:165
+#: git-rebase.sh:184
 msgid "Applied autostash."
 msgstr "Autoremisage appliqué."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:168
+#: git-rebase.sh:187
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Cannot store $stash_sha1"
 msgstr "Impossible de stocker $stash_sha1"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:169
-msgid ""
-"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
-"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
-"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"L'application de l'autoremisage a provoqué des conflits\n"
-"Vos  modifications sont à l'abri dans la remise.\n"
-"Vous pouvez lancer \"git stash pop\" ou \"git stash drop\" à tout moment.\n"
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:208
+#: git-rebase.sh:229
 msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
 msgstr "Le crochet pre-rebase a refusé de rebaser."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:213
-msgid "It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase."
-msgstr "Il semble que git-am soit en cours. Impossible de rebaser."
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:351
-msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
-msgstr "L'option --exec doit être utilisée avec l'option --interactive"
+#: git-rebase.sh:234
+msgid "It looks like 'git am' is in progress. Cannot rebase."
+msgstr "Il semble que 'git-am' soit en cours. Impossible de rebaser."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:356
+#: git-rebase.sh:403
 msgid "No rebase in progress?"
 msgstr "Pas de rebasage en cours ?"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:367
+#: git-rebase.sh:414
 msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
 msgstr ""
 "L'action --edit-todo peut seulement être utilisée lors d'un rebasage "
 "interactif."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:374
+#: git-rebase.sh:421
 msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
 msgstr "Impossible de lire HEAD"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:377
+#: git-rebase.sh:424
 msgid ""
 "You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
 "mark them as resolved using git add"
@@ -10840,12 +16748,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Vous devez éditer tous les conflits de fusion et\n"
 "les marquer comme résolus avec git add"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:395
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
-msgstr "Impossible de revenir à $head_name"
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:414
+#: git-rebase.sh:468
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
@@ -10867,244 +16770,255 @@ msgstr ""
 "chose\n"
 "d'important ici."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:465
+#: git-rebase.sh:509
+msgid "error: cannot combine '--signoff' with '--preserve-merges'"
+msgstr "erreur : '--signoff' et '--preserve-merges' sont incompatibles"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:537
 #, sh-format
-msgid "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
-msgstr "invalide $upstream_name en amont"
+msgid "invalid upstream '$upstream_name'"
+msgstr "invalide '$upstream_name' en amont"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:489
+#: git-rebase.sh:561
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
 msgstr "$onto_name : il y a plus d'une base de fusion"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:492 git-rebase.sh:496
+#: git-rebase.sh:564 git-rebase.sh:568
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
 msgstr "$onto_name : il n'y a pas de base de fusion"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:501
+#: git-rebase.sh:573
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
 msgstr "Ne pointe pas sur une validation valide : $onto_name"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:524
+#: git-rebase.sh:599
 #, sh-format
-msgid "fatal: no such branch: $branch_name"
-msgstr "fatal : pas de branche : $branch_name"
+msgid "fatal: no such branch/commit '$branch_name'"
+msgstr "fatal : pas de branche ou commit '$branch_name'"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:557
+#: git-rebase.sh:632
 msgid "Cannot autostash"
 msgstr "Autoremisage impossible"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:562
+#: git-rebase.sh:637
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Created autostash: $stash_abbrev"
 msgstr "Autoremisage créé : $stash_abbrev"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:566
+#: git-rebase.sh:641
 msgid "Please commit or stash them."
 msgstr "Veuillez les valider ou les remiser."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:586
+#: git-rebase.sh:664
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date."
+msgstr "HEAD est à jour."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:666
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
 msgstr "La branche courante $branch_name est à jour."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:590
+#: git-rebase.sh:674
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr "HEAD est à jour, rebasage forcé."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:676
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
 msgstr "La branche courante $branch_name est à jour, rebasage forcé."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:601
+#: git-rebase.sh:688
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
 msgstr "Changements de $mb sur $onto :"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:610
+#: git-rebase.sh:697
 msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
 msgstr ""
-"Premièrement, rembobinons head pour rejouer votre travail par-dessus..."
+"Rembobinage préalable de head pour pouvoir rejouer votre travail par-"
+"dessus..."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:620
+#: git-rebase.sh:707
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
 msgstr "$branch_name mise à jour en avance rapide sur $onto_name."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:51
+#: git-stash.sh:61
 msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
 msgstr "git stash clear avec des paramètres n'est pas implémenté"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:74
+#: git-stash.sh:108
 msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
 msgstr "Vous n'avez pas encore la validation initiale"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:89
+#: git-stash.sh:123
 msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
 msgstr "Impossible de sauver l'état courant de l'index"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:124 git-stash.sh:137
+#: git-stash.sh:138
+msgid "Cannot save the untracked files"
+msgstr "Impossible de sauver les fichiers non-suivis"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:158 git-stash.sh:171
 msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
 msgstr "Impossible de sauver l'état courant de la copie de travail"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:141
+#: git-stash.sh:175
 msgid "No changes selected"
 msgstr "Aucun changement sélectionné"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:144
+#: git-stash.sh:178
 msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
 msgstr "Impossible de supprimer l'index temporaire (ne peut pas se produire)"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:157
+#: git-stash.sh:191
 msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
 msgstr "Impossible d'enregistrer l'état de la copie de travail"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:191
+#: git-stash.sh:229
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Cannot update $ref_stash with $w_commit"
 msgstr "Impossible de mettre à jour $ref_stash avec $w_commit"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: $option is an invalid option, like
-#. `--blah-blah'. The 7 spaces at the beginning of the
-#. second line correspond to "error: ". So you should line
-#. up the second line with however many characters the
-#. translation of "error: " takes in your language. E.g. in
-#. English this is:
-#.
-#. $ git stash save --blah-blah 2>&1 | head -n 2
-#. error: unknown option for 'stash save': --blah-blah
-#. To provide a message, use git stash save -- '--blah-blah'
-#: git-stash.sh:238
+#: git-stash.sh:281
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
-"       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
+msgid "error: unknown option for 'stash push': $option"
+msgstr "erreur : option inconnue pour 'stash push' : $option"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:295
+msgid "Can't use --patch and --include-untracked or --all at the same time"
 msgstr ""
-"erreur: option inconnue pour 'stash save': $option\n"
-"        Pour fournir un message, utilisez git stash save -- '$option'"
+"Impossible d'utiliser --patch et --include-untracked ou --all en même temps"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:259
+#: git-stash.sh:303
 msgid "No local changes to save"
 msgstr "Pas de modifications locales à sauver"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:263
+#: git-stash.sh:308
 msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
 msgstr "Impossible d'initialiser le remisage"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:267
+#: git-stash.sh:312
 msgid "Cannot save the current status"
-msgstr "Impossible de sauver le statut courant"
+msgstr "Impossible de sauver l'état courant"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:285
+#: git-stash.sh:313
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Saved working directory and index state $stash_msg"
+msgstr "Copie de travail et état de l'index sauvegardés dans $stash_msg"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:342
 msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
 msgstr "Impossible de supprimer les changements de la copie de travail"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:384
-msgid "No stash found."
-msgstr "Pas de remisage trouvé."
+#: git-stash.sh:490
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unknown option: $opt"
+msgstr "option inconnue : $opt"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:391
+#: git-stash.sh:503
+msgid "No stash entries found."
+msgstr "Aucune entrée de remisage trouvée."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:510
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
 msgstr "Trop de révisions spécifiées : $REV"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:397
+#: git-stash.sh:525
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$reference is not a valid reference"
 msgstr "$reference n'est pas une référence valide"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:425
+#: git-stash.sh:553
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
 msgstr "'$args' n'est pas une validation de type remisage"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:436
+#: git-stash.sh:564
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
 msgstr "'$args' n'est pas une référence de remisage"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:444
+#: git-stash.sh:572
 msgid "unable to refresh index"
 msgstr "impossible de rafraîchir l'index"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:448
+#: git-stash.sh:576
 msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
 msgstr "Impossible d'appliquer un remisage en cours de fusion"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:456
+#: git-stash.sh:584
 msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
 msgstr "Conflits dans l'index. Essayez sans --index."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:458
+#: git-stash.sh:586
 msgid "Could not save index tree"
 msgstr "Impossible de sauvegarder l'arbre d'index"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:492
+#: git-stash.sh:595
+msgid "Could not restore untracked files from stash entry"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible de restaurer les fichiers non-suivis depuis l'entrée de remisage"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:620
 msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
 msgstr "Impossible de désindexer les fichiers modifiés"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:507
+#: git-stash.sh:635
 msgid "Index was not unstashed."
 msgstr "L'index n'a pas été sorti de remise."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:530
+#: git-stash.sh:649
+msgid "The stash entry is kept in case you need it again."
+msgstr ""
+"L'entrée de remisage est conservée au cas où vous en auriez encore besoin."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:658
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
 msgstr "${REV} supprimé ($s)"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:531
+#: git-stash.sh:659
 #, sh-format
 msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
 msgstr "${REV}: Impossible de supprimer l'élément de stash"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:539
+#: git-stash.sh:667
 msgid "No branch name specified"
 msgstr "Aucune branche spécifiée"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:611
+#: git-stash.sh:746
 msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
 msgstr "(Pour les restaurer tapez \"git stash apply\")"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:95
-#, sh-format
-msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
-msgstr "impossible de supprimer un composant de l'URL '$remoteurl'"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:237
-#, sh-format
-msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr ""
-"Pas de mise en correspondance du sous-module trouvé dans .gitmodules pour le "
-"chemin '$sm_path'"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:287
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
-msgstr "Le clonage de '$url' dans le chemin de sous-module '$sm_path' a échoué"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:296
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
-msgstr ""
-"Le répertoire Git '$a' fait partie du chemin de sous-module '$b' ou vice-"
-"versa"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:406
+#: git-submodule.sh:188
 msgid "Relative path can only be used from the toplevel of the working tree"
 msgstr ""
 "Un chemin relatif ne peut être utilisé que depuis la racine de la copie de "
 "travail"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:416
+#: git-submodule.sh:198
 #, sh-format
 msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
 msgstr "L'URL de dépôt '$repo' doit être absolu ou commencer par ./|../"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:433
+#: git-submodule.sh:217
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
 msgstr "'$sm_path' existe déjà dans l'index"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:437
+#: git-submodule.sh:220
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index and is not a submodule"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' existe déjà dans l'index et n'est pas un sous-module"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:226
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
@@ -11115,280 +17029,2300 @@ msgstr ""
 "$sm_path\n"
 "Utilisez -f si vous voulez vraiment l'ajouter."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:455
+#: git-submodule.sh:249
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
 msgstr "Ajout du dépôt existant à '$sm_path' dans l'index"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:457
+#: git-submodule.sh:251
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
 msgstr "'$sm_path' existe déjà et n'est pas un dépôt git valide"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:465
+#: git-submodule.sh:259
 #, sh-format
 msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
 msgstr ""
 "Un répertoire git pour '$sm_name' est trouvé en local avec le(s) serveur(s) "
 "distant(s) :"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:467
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from"
-msgstr ""
-"Si vous voulez réutiliser ce répertoire git local au lieu de cloner à "
-"nouveau depuis"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:469
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo"
-msgstr ""
-"utilisez l'option '--force'. Si le répertoire local git n'est pas le dépôt "
-"correct"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:470
+#: git-submodule.sh:261
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
+"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct "
+"repo\n"
 "or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
 "option."
 msgstr ""
-"ou vous ne savez pas ce que cela signifie de choisir un autre nom avec "
-"l'option '--name'."
+"Si vous voulez réutiliser ce répertoire local git au lieu de le recloner "
+"depuis\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"utilisez l'option '--force'. Si le répertoire local git n'est pas le dépôt "
+"correct\n"
+"ou si ceci n'est pas clair, choisissez un autre nom avec l'option '--name'."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:472
+#: git-submodule.sh:267
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
 msgstr "Réactivation du répertoire git local pour le sous-module '$sm_name'."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:484
+#: git-submodule.sh:279
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Impossible d'extraire le sous-module '$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:489
+#: git-submodule.sh:284
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Échec d'ajout du sous-module '$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:498
+#: git-submodule.sh:293
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Échec d'enregistrement du sous-module '$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:542
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Entering '$prefix$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Entrée dans '$prefix$displaypath'"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:562
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Stopping at '$prefix$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
-msgstr ""
-"Arrêt sur '$prefix$displaypath' ; le script a retourné un statut non nul."
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:608
+#: git-submodule.sh:354
 #, sh-format
-msgid "No url found for submodule path '$displaypath' in .gitmodules"
-msgstr ""
-"URL non trouvée pour le chemin de sous-module '$displaypath' dans .gitmodules"
+msgid "Entering '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Entrée dans '$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:617
+#: git-submodule.sh:374
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr ""
-"Échec d'enregistrement de l'URL pour le chemin de sous-module '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Stopping at '$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgstr "Arrêt sur '$displaypath' ; le script a retourné un état non nul."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:619
+#: git-submodule.sh:600
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Sous-module '$name' ($url) enregistré pour le chemin '$displaypath'"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:636
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
-"Échec d'enregistrement du mode de mise à jour pour le chemin de sous-module "
+"Impossible de trouver la révision courante dans le chemin de sous-module "
 "'$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:674
+#: git-submodule.sh:610
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Use '.' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
-msgstr ""
-"Utilisez '.' si vous voulez vraiment réinitialiser tous les sous-modules"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:691
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains a .git directory"
-msgstr ""
-"La copie de travail du sous-module '$displaypath' contient un répertoire .git"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:692
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
-msgstr ""
-"(utilisez 'rm -rf' si vous voulez vraiment le supprimer en incluant tout son "
-"historique)"
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Impossible de rapatrier dans le chemin de sous-module '$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:698
+#: git-submodule.sh:615
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains local modifications; use '-f' to "
-"discard them"
+"Unable to find current ${remote_name}/${branch} revision in submodule path "
+"'$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
-"La copie de travail du sous-module '$displaypath' contient des modifications "
-"locales ; utilisez '-f' pour les annuler"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:701
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Cleared directory '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Répertoire '$displaypath' nettoyé"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:702
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '$displaypath'"
-msgstr ""
-"Impossible de supprimer la copie de travail du sous-module '$displaypath'"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:705
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Could not create empty submodule directory '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Impossible de créer le répertoire vide du sous-module '$displaypath'"
+"Impossible de trouver la révision courante ${remote_name}/${branch} dans le "
+"chemin de sous-module '$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:714
+#: git-submodule.sh:633
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr ""
-"Le sous-module '$name' ($url) n'est pas enregistré pour le chemin "
-"'$displaypath'"
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Impossible de rapatrier dans le chemin de sous-module '$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:830
+#: git-submodule.sh:639
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Submodule path '$displaypath' not initialized\n"
-"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
-msgstr ""
-"Chemin de sous-module '$displaypath' non initialisé\n"
-"Peut-être souhaitez-vous utiliser 'update --init' ?"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:843
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+"Fetched in submodule path '$displaypath', but it did not contain $sha1. "
+"Direct fetching of that commit failed."
 msgstr ""
-"Impossible de trouver la révision courante dans le chemin de sous-module "
-"'$displaypath'"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:852
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Impossible de rapatrier dans le chemin de sous-module '$sm_path'"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:876
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Impossible de rapatrier dans le chemin de sous-module '$displaypath'"
+"Chemin de sous-module '$displaypath' récupéré, mais il ne contenait pas "
+"$sha1. La récupération directe de ce commit a échoué."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:890
+#: git-submodule.sh:646
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
 "Impossible d'extraire '$sha1' dans le chemin de sous-module '$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:891
+#: git-submodule.sh:647
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': checked out '$sha1'"
 msgstr "Chemin de sous-module '$displaypath' : '$sha1' extrait"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:895
+#: git-submodule.sh:651
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
 "Impossible de rebaser '$sha1' dans le chemin de sous-module '$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:896
+#: git-submodule.sh:652
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': rebased into '$sha1'"
 msgstr "Chemin de sous-module '$displaypath' : rebasé dans '$sha1'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:901
+#: git-submodule.sh:657
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
 "Impossible de fusionner '$sha1' dans le chemin de sous-module '$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:902
+#: git-submodule.sh:658
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': merged in '$sha1'"
 msgstr "Chemin de sous-module '$displaypath' : fusionné dans '$sha1'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:907
+#: git-submodule.sh:663
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule  path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgid "Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
 "L'exécution de '$command $sha1' a échoué dans le chemin de sous-module "
-"'$prefix$sm_path'"
+"'$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:908
+#: git-submodule.sh:664
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': '$command $sha1'"
-msgstr "Chemin de sous-module '$prefix$sm_path' : '$command $sha1'"
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': '$command $sha1'"
+msgstr "Chemin de sous-module '$displaypath' : '$command $sha1'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:938
+#: git-submodule.sh:695
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr "Échec de parcours dans le chemin du sous-module '$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1046
+#: git-submodule.sh:791
 msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
 msgstr "L'option --cached ne peut pas être utilisée avec l'option --files"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1098
+#: git-submodule.sh:843
 #, sh-format
 msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
 msgstr "mode $mod_dst inattendu"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1118
+#: git-submodule.sh:863
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
 msgstr "  Attention : $display_name ne contient pas la validation $sha1_src"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1121
+#: git-submodule.sh:866
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
 msgstr "  Attention : $display_name ne contient pas la validation $sha1_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1124
+#: git-submodule.sh:869
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
 msgstr ""
 "  Attention : $display_name ne contient pas les validations $sha1_src et "
 "$sha1_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1149
-msgid "blob"
-msgstr "blob"
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "See git-${cmd}(1) for details."
+msgstr "Référez-vous à git-${cmd}(1) pour de plus amples détails."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:142
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Rebasing ($new_count/$total)"
+msgstr "Rebasage ($new_count/$total)"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1267
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:158
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Commands:\n"
+"p, pick <commit> = use commit\n"
+"r, reword <commit> = use commit, but edit the commit message\n"
+"e, edit <commit> = use commit, but stop for amending\n"
+"s, squash <commit> = use commit, but meld into previous commit\n"
+"f, fixup <commit> = like \"squash\", but discard this commit's log message\n"
+"x, exec <command> = run command (the rest of the line) using shell\n"
+"d, drop <commit> = remove commit\n"
+"l, label <label> = label current HEAD with a name\n"
+"t, reset <label> = reset HEAD to a label\n"
+"m, merge [-C <commit> | -c <commit>] <label> [# <oneline>]\n"
+".       create a merge commit using the original merge commit's\n"
+".       message (or the oneline, if no original merge commit was\n"
+".       specified). Use -c <commit> to reword the commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Commandes :\n"
+" p, pick <commit> = utiliser le commit\n"
+" r, reword <commit> = utiliser le commit, mais reformuler son message\n"
+" e, edit <commit> = utiliser le commit, mais s'arrêter pour le modifier\n"
+" s, squash <commit> = utiliser le commit, mais le fusionner avec le "
+"précédent\n"
+" f, fixup <commit> = comme \"squash\", mais en éliminant son message\n"
+" x, exec <commit> = lancer la commande (reste de la ligne) dans un shell\n"
+" d, drop <commit> = supprimer le commit\n"
+" l, label <label> = étiqueter la HEAD courante avec un nom\n"
+" t, reset <label> = réinitialiser HEAD à label\n"
+" m, merge [-C <commit> | -c <commit>] <label> [# <uniligne>]\n"
+"         créer un commit de fusion utilisant le message de fusion original\n"
+"         (ou l'uniligne, si aucun commit de fusion n'a été spécifié).\n"
+"         Utilisez -c <commit> pour reformuler le message de validation.\n"
+"\n"
+"Vous pouvez réordonner ces lignes ; elles sont exécutées de haut en bas.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:179
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Do not remove any line. Use 'drop' explicitly to remove a commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Ne supprimez aucune ligne. Utilisez 'drop' explicitement pour supprimer un "
+"commit.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:183
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Si vous éliminez une ligne ici, LE COMMIT CORRESPONDANT SERA PERDU.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:221
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You can amend the commit now, with\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Once you are satisfied with your changes, run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"Vous pouvez corriger le commit maintenant, avec\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"après avoir réalisé vos modifications, lancez\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:246
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Échec de parcours dans le chemin du sous-module '$sm_path'"
+msgid "$sha1: not a commit that can be picked"
+msgstr "$sha1 n'est pas un commit qui peut être picorer"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1331
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:285
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Synchronisation de l'URL sous-module pour '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Invalid commit name: $sha1"
+msgstr "Nom de commit invalide : $sha1"
 
-#~ msgid "no files added"
-#~ msgstr "aucun fichier ajouté"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:325
+msgid "Cannot write current commit's replacement sha1"
+msgstr "Impossible de sauver le sha1 du remplaçant du commit en cours"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:376
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "Avance rapide sur $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:378
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "Avance rapide impossible sur $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:387
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot move HEAD to $first_parent"
+msgstr "Impossible de déplacer HEAD sur $first_parent"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:392
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Refusing to squash a merge: $sha1"
+msgstr "Refus d'écraser un commit de fusion: $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:410
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Error redoing merge $sha1"
+msgstr "Erreur lors de la réapplication de la fusion $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:419
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not pick $sha1"
+msgstr "Impossible de picorer $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:428
+#, sh-format
+msgid "This is the commit message #${n}:"
+msgstr "Ceci est le ${n}ième message de validation :"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:433
+#, sh-format
+msgid "The commit message #${n} will be skipped:"
+msgstr "Le message de validation ${n} sera ignoré :"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:444
+#, sh-format
+msgid "This is a combination of $count commit."
+msgid_plural "This is a combination of $count commits."
+msgstr[0] "Ceci est la combinaison de $count commit."
+msgstr[1] "Ceci est la combinaison de $count commits."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:453
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot write $fixup_msg"
+msgstr "Impossible d'écrire $fixup_msg"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:456
+msgid "This is a combination of 2 commits."
+msgstr "Ceci est la combinaison de 2 commits."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:497 git-rebase--interactive.sh:540
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:543
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
+msgstr "Impossible d'appliquer $sha1... $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:572
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not amend commit after successfully picking $sha1... $rest\n"
+"This is most likely due to an empty commit message, or the pre-commit hook\n"
+"failed. If the pre-commit hook failed, you may need to resolve the issue "
+"before\n"
+"you are able to reword the commit."
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible de corriger le commit après avoir réussi à picorer $sha1... "
+"$rest\n"
+"C'est probablement dû à un message de validation vide ou le crochet pre-"
+"commit\n"
+"a échoué. Si le crochet pre-commit a échoué, vous devez peut-être résoudre "
+"le\n"
+"problème avant de pouvoir reformuler le message du commit."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:587
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopped at $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+msgstr "Arrêté à $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:602
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot '$squash_style' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "'$squash_style' impossible avec le commit précédent"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:644
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Executing: $rest"
+msgstr "Exécution : $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:652
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Execution failed: $rest"
+msgstr "L'exécution a échoué : $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:654
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree"
+msgstr "et a mis à jour l'index ou la copie de travail"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:656
+msgid ""
+"You can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"Vous pouvez corriger le problème, puis lancer\n"
+"\n"
+"git rebase --continue"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: after these lines is a command to be issued by the user
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:669
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Execution succeeded: $rest\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"L'exécution a réussi : $rest\n"
+"mais a laissé des modifications dans l'index ou la copie de travail\n"
+"Validez ou remisez vos modification, puis lancez\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:680
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unknown command: $command $sha1 $rest"
+msgstr "Commande inconnue : $command $sha1 $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:681
+msgid "Please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "Veuillez corriger ceci en utilisant 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:716
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Successfully rebased and updated $head_name."
+msgstr "Rebasage et mise à jour de $head_name avec succès."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:740
+msgid "could not detach HEAD"
+msgstr "Impossible de détacher HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:778
+msgid "Could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "Impossible de supprimer CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:783
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You have staged changes in your working tree.\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be\n"
+"squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Vous avez des modifications indexées dans votre copie de travail.\n"
+"Si ces modifications devaient être ajoutées\n"
+"dans le commit précédent, lancez :\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Si elles devaient aller dans un nouveau commit, lancez :\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Dans les deux cas, une fois fini, continuez avec :\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:800
+msgid "Error trying to find the author identity to amend commit"
+msgstr ""
+"Erreur lors de la recherche de l'identité de l'auteur pour corriger le commit"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:805
+msgid ""
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+"Vous avez des modifications non validées dans votre copie de travail.\n"
+"Veuillez les valider d'abord, puis relancer 'git rebase --continue'."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:810 git-rebase--interactive.sh:814
+msgid "Could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "impossible de valider les modifications indexées."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:843
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.\n"
+"To continue rebase after editing, run:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Vous êtes en train d'éditer le fichier todo d'un rebasage interactif en "
+"cours.\n"
+"Pour continuer le rebasage après édition, lancez :\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:851 git-rebase--interactive.sh:937
+msgid "Could not execute editor"
+msgstr "Impossible de lancer l'éditeur"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:872
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not checkout $switch_to"
+msgstr "Impossible d'extraire $switch_to"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:879
+msgid "No HEAD?"
+msgstr "Pas de HEAD ?"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:880
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not create temporary $state_dir"
+msgstr "Impossible de créer un répertoire temporaire $state_dir"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:883
+msgid "Could not mark as interactive"
+msgstr "Impossible de marquer comme interactif"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:915
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount command)"
+msgid_plural "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount commands)"
+msgstr[0] "Rebasage de $shortrevisions sur $shortonto ($todocount commande)"
+msgstr[1] "Rebasage de $shortrevisions sur $shortonto ($todocount commandes)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:920
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\tHowever, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.\n"
+"\n"
+"\t"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Cependant, si vous effacez tout, le rebasage sera annulé.\n"
+"\n"
+"\t"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:927
+msgid "Note that empty commits are commented out"
+msgstr "Veuillez noter que les commits vides sont en commentaire"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:980
+msgid "Could not generate todo list"
+msgstr "Impossible de générer la liste à-faire"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1001 git-rebase--interactive.sh:1006
+msgid "Could not init rewritten commits"
+msgstr "Impossible d'initialiser les commits réécrits"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:89 git-sh-setup.sh:94
+#, sh-format
+msgid "usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+msgstr "usage : $dashless $USAGE"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:190
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot chdir to $cdup, the toplevel of the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible de se placer dans le répertoire $cdup, la racine de la copie de "
+"travail"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:199 git-sh-setup.sh:206
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: $program_name cannot be used without a working tree."
+msgstr "fatal : $program_name ne peut pas être utilisé sans copie de travail."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:220
+msgid "Cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "Impossible de rebaser : vous avez des modifications non indexées."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:223
+msgid "Cannot rewrite branches: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible de réécrire les branches : vous avez des modifications non "
+"indexées."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:226
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+"impossible de tirer avec rebasage. Vous avez des modifications non indexées."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:229
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot $action: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "$action est impossible : vous avez des modifications non indexées."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:242
+msgid "Cannot rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible de rebaser : votre index contient des modifications non validées."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:245
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"impossible de tirer avec rebasage : votre index contient des modifications "
+"non validées."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:248
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot $action: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"$action est impossible : votre index contient des modifications non validées."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:252
+msgid "Additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "De plus, votre index contient des modifications non validées."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:372
+msgid "You need to run this command from the toplevel of the working tree."
+msgstr ""
+"Vous devez lancer cette commande depuis la racine de votre copie de travail."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:377
+msgid "Unable to determine absolute path of git directory"
+msgstr "Impossible de déterminer le chemin absolu du répertoire git"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: you can adjust this to align "git add -i" status menu
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:196
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%12s %12s %s"
+msgstr "%12s %s12s %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "staged"
+msgstr "indexé"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "unstaged"
+msgstr "non-indexé"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:253 git-add--interactive.perl:278
+msgid "binary"
+msgstr "binaire"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:262 git-add--interactive.perl:316
+msgid "nothing"
+msgstr "rien"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:298 git-add--interactive.perl:313
+msgid "unchanged"
+msgstr "inchangé"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:609
+#, perl-format
+msgid "added %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "added %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d chemin ajouté\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d chemins ajoutés\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:612
+#, perl-format
+msgid "updated %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "updated %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d chemin mis à jour\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d chemins mis à jour\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:615
+#, perl-format
+msgid "reverted %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "reverted %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d chemin inversé\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d chemins inversés\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:618
+#, perl-format
+msgid "touched %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "touched %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d chemin touché\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d chemins touchés\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:627
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "Mise à jour"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:639
+msgid "Revert"
+msgstr "Inverser"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:662
+#, perl-format
+msgid "note: %s is untracked now.\n"
+msgstr "note : %s n'est plus suivi à présent.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:673
+msgid "Add untracked"
+msgstr "Ajouter un fichier non-suivi"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:679
+msgid "No untracked files.\n"
+msgstr "Aucun Fichier non suivi.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1033
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for staging."
+msgstr ""
+"Si le patch s'applique proprement, la section éditée sera\n"
+"immédiatement marquée comme indexée."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1036
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for stashing."
+msgstr ""
+"Si le patch s'applique proprement, la section éditée sera\n"
+"immédiatement marquée comme remisée."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1039
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for unstaging."
+msgstr ""
+"Si le patch s'applique proprement, la section éditée sera\n"
+"immédiatement marquée comme desindexée."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1042 git-add--interactive.perl:1051
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for applying."
+msgstr ""
+"Si le patch s'applique proprement, la section éditée sera\n"
+"immédiatement marquée comme appliquée."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1045 git-add--interactive.perl:1048
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for discarding."
+msgstr ""
+"Si le patch s'applique proprement, la section éditée sera\n"
+"immédiatement marquée comme éliminée."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1085
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for writing: %s"
+msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir le fichier d'édition de section en écriture : %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1086
+msgid "Manual hunk edit mode -- see bottom for a quick guide.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Mode d'édition manuelle de section -- voir ci-dessous pour un guide rapide.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1092
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"---\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, delete them.\n"
+"Lines starting with %s will be removed.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"---\n"
+"Pour éliminer les lignes '%s', rendez-les ' ' (contexte).\n"
+"Pour éliminer les lignes '%s', effacez-les.\n"
+"Les lignes commençant par %s seront éliminées.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: 'it' refers to the patch mentioned in the previous messages.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1100
+msgid ""
+"If it does not apply cleanly, you will be given an opportunity to\n"
+"edit again.  If all lines of the hunk are removed, then the edit is\n"
+"aborted and the hunk is left unchanged.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Si ça ne s'applique pas proprement, vous aurez la possibilité de\n"
+"l'éditer à nouveau. Si toutes les lignes de la section sont supprimées,\n"
+"alors l'édition sera abandonnée et la section conservée.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1114
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for reading: %s"
+msgstr "échec de l'ouverture du fichier d'édition de section en lecture : %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: do not translate [y/n]
+#. The program will only accept that input
+#. at this point.
+#. Consider translating (saying "no" discards!) as
+#. (saying "n" for "no" discards!) if the translation
+#. of the word "no" does not start with n.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1213
+msgid ""
+"Your edited hunk does not apply. Edit again (saying \"no\" discards!) [y/n]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Votre section éditée ne s'applique pas. L'éditer à nouveau (\"no\" "
+"l'élimine !) [y|n] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1222
+msgid ""
+"y - stage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - indexer cette section\n"
+"n - ne pas indexer cette section\n"
+"q - quitter ; ne pas indexer cette section ni les autres restantes\n"
+"a - indexer cette section et toutes les suivantes de ce fichier\n"
+"d - ne pas indexer cette section ni les suivantes de ce fichier"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1228
+msgid ""
+"y - stash this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stash this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stash this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stash this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stash this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - remiser cette section\n"
+"n - ne pas remiser cette section\n"
+"q - quitter ; ne pas remiser cette section ni les autres restantes\n"
+"a - remiser cette section et toutes les suivantes de ce fichier\n"
+"d - ne pas remiser cette section ni les suivantes de ce fichier"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1234
+msgid ""
+"y - unstage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not unstage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not unstage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - unstage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not unstage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - désindexer cette section\n"
+"n - ne pas désindexer cette section\n"
+"q - quitter ; ne pas désindexer cette section ni les autres restantes\n"
+"a - désindexer cette section et toutes les suivantes de ce fichier\n"
+"d - ne pas désindexer cette section ni les suivantes de ce fichier"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1240
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - appliquer cette section\n"
+"n - ne pas appliquer cette section\n"
+"q - quitter ; ne pas appliquer cette section ni les autres restantes\n"
+"a - appliquer cette section et toutes les suivantes de ce fichier\n"
+"d - ne pas appliquer cette section ni les suivantes de ce fichier"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1246
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - supprimer cette section\n"
+"n - ne pas supprimer cette section\n"
+"q - quitter ; ne pas supprimer cette section ni les autres restantes\n"
+"a - supprimer cette section et toutes les suivantes de ce fichier\n"
+"d - ne pas supprimer cette section ni les suivantes de ce fichier"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1252
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - éliminer cette section de l'index et de l'arbre de travail\n"
+"n - ne pas éliminer cette section\n"
+"q - quitter ; ne pas éliminer cette section ni les autres restantes\n"
+"a - éliminer cette section et toutes les suivantes de ce fichier\n"
+"d - ne pas éliminer cette section ni les suivantes de ce fichier"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1258
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - appliquer cette section à l'index et à l'arbre de travail\n"
+"n - ne pas appliquer cette section\n"
+"q - quitter ; ne pas appliquer cette section ni les autres restantes\n"
+"a - appliquer cette section et toutes les suivantes de ce fichier\n"
+"d - ne pas appliquer cette section ni les suivantes de ce fichier"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1273
+msgid ""
+"g - select a hunk to go to\n"
+"/ - search for a hunk matching the given regex\n"
+"j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk\n"
+"J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk\n"
+"k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk\n"
+"K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk\n"
+"s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks\n"
+"e - manually edit the current hunk\n"
+"? - print help\n"
+msgstr ""
+"g - selectionner une section et s'y rendre\n"
+"/ - rechercher une section correspondant à une regex donnée\n"
+"j - laisser cette section non décidée et aller à la suivante non-décidée\n"
+"J - laisser cette section non décidée et aller à la suivante\n"
+"k - laisser cette section non décidée et aller à la précédente non-décidée\n"
+"K - laisser cette section non décidée et aller à la précédente\n"
+"s - découper la section en sections plus petites\n"
+"e - éditer manuellement la section actuelle\n"
+"? - afficher l'aide\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1304
+msgid "The selected hunks do not apply to the index!\n"
+msgstr "Les sections sélectionnées ne s'applique pas à l'index !\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1305
+msgid "Apply them to the worktree anyway? "
+msgstr "Les appliquer quand même à l'arbre de travail ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1308
+msgid "Nothing was applied.\n"
+msgstr "Rien n'a été appliqué.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1319
+#, perl-format
+msgid "ignoring unmerged: %s\n"
+msgstr "fichier non-fusionné ignoré : %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1328
+msgid "Only binary files changed.\n"
+msgstr "Seuls des fichiers binaires ont changé.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1330
+msgid "No changes.\n"
+msgstr "Aucune modification.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1338
+msgid "Patch update"
+msgstr "Mise à jour par patch"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1390
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Indexer le changement de mode [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1391
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Indexer la suppression [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1392
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Indexer cette section [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1395
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Remiser le changement de mode [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1396
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Remiser la suppression [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1397
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Remiser cette section [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1400
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Désindexer le changement de mode [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1401
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Désindexer la suppression [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1402
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Désindexer cette section [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1405
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Appliquer le changement de mode à l'index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1406
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Appliquer la suppression à l'index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1407
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Appliquer cette section à l'index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1410
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Abandonner le changement de mode dans l'arbre [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1411
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Abandonner la suppression dans l'arbre [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1412
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Abandonner cette section dans l'arbre [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1415
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Abandonner le changement de mode dans l'index et l'arbre [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1416
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Abandonner la suppression de l'index et de l'arbre [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1417
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Supprimer la section dans l'index et l'arbre de travail [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1420
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Appliquer le changement de mode dans l'index et l'arbre de travail [y,n,q,a,d"
+"%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1421
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Appliquer la suppression dans l'index et l'arbre de travail [y,n,q,a,d"
+"%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1422
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Appliquer la section à l'index et l'arbre de travail [y,n,q,a,d%s,?] ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1522
+msgid "No other hunks to goto\n"
+msgstr "Aucune autre section à atteindre\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1529
+msgid "go to which hunk (<ret> to see more)? "
+msgstr "aller à quelle section (<ret> pour voir plus) ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1531
+msgid "go to which hunk? "
+msgstr "aller à quelle section ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1540
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Invalid number: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Nombre invalide : '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1545
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sorry, only %d hunk available.\n"
+msgid_plural "Sorry, only %d hunks available.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Désolé, %d seule section disponible.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Désolé, Seulement %d sections disponibles.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1571
+msgid "No other hunks to search\n"
+msgstr "aucune autre section à rechercher\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1575
+msgid "search for regex? "
+msgstr "rechercher la regex ? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1588
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Malformed search regexp %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "Regex de recherche malformée %s : %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1598
+msgid "No hunk matches the given pattern\n"
+msgstr "Aucune section ne correspond au motif donné\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1610 git-add--interactive.perl:1632
+msgid "No previous hunk\n"
+msgstr "Pas de section précédente\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1619 git-add--interactive.perl:1638
+msgid "No next hunk\n"
+msgstr "Pas de section suivante\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1644
+msgid "Sorry, cannot split this hunk\n"
+msgstr "Désolé, impossible de découper cette section\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1650
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Split into %d hunk.\n"
+msgid_plural "Split into %d hunks.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Découpée en %d section.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Découpée en %d sections.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1660
+msgid "Sorry, cannot edit this hunk\n"
+msgstr "Désolé, impossible d'éditer cette section\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1706
+msgid "Review diff"
+msgstr "Réviser la différence"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please do not translate the command names
+#. 'status', 'update', 'revert', etc.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1725
+msgid ""
+"status        - show paths with changes\n"
+"update        - add working tree state to the staged set of changes\n"
+"revert        - revert staged set of changes back to the HEAD version\n"
+"patch         - pick hunks and update selectively\n"
+"diff          - view diff between HEAD and index\n"
+"add untracked - add contents of untracked files to the staged set of "
+"changes\n"
+msgstr ""
+"status        - montrer les chemins modifiés\n"
+"update        - ajouter l'état de l'arbre de travail aux modifications à "
+"indexer\n"
+"revert        - faire revenir les modifications à indexer à la version HEAD\n"
+"patch         - sélectionner les sections et mettre à jour sélectivement\n"
+"diff          - visualiser les diff entre HEAD et l'index\n"
+"add untracked - ajouter les fichiers non-suivis aux modifications à indexer\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1742 git-add--interactive.perl:1747
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1750 git-add--interactive.perl:1757
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1761 git-add--interactive.perl:1767
+msgid "missing --"
+msgstr "-- manquant"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1763
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unknown --patch mode: %s"
+msgstr "mode de --patch inconnu : %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1769 git-add--interactive.perl:1775
+#, perl-format
+msgid "invalid argument %s, expecting --"
+msgstr "argument invalide %s, -- attendu"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:130
+msgid "local zone differs from GMT by a non-minute interval\n"
+msgstr ""
+"la zone locale diffère du GMT par un intervalle supérieur à une minute\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:137 git-send-email.perl:143
+msgid "local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n"
+msgstr "le décalage de temps local est plus grand ou égal à 24 heures\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:211 git-send-email.perl:217
+msgid "the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything"
+msgstr "l'éditeur est sorti en erreur, abandon total"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:294
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' contains an intermediate version of the email you were composing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' contient une version intermédiaire du courriel que vous composiez.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:299
+#, perl-format
+msgid "'%s.final' contains the composed email.\n"
+msgstr "'%s.final' contient le courriel composé.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:317
+msgid "--dump-aliases incompatible with other options\n"
+msgstr "--dump-aliases est incompatible avec d'autres options\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:383 git-send-email.perl:638
+msgid "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+msgstr "Lancement de git format-patch impossible à l'extérieur d'un dépôt\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:386
+msgid ""
+"`batch-size` and `relogin` must be specified together (via command-line or "
+"configuration option)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"`batch-size` et `relogin` doivent être spécifiés ensembles (via la ligne de "
+"commande ou des options de configuration)\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:456
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --suppress-cc field: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Champ de --suppress-cc inconnu : '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:485
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --confirm setting: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Paramètre de --confirm inconnu : '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:513
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail alias with quotes is not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"attention : les guillemets ne sont pas supportés dans alias sendmail : %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:515
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `:include:` not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "attention : `:include:` n'est pas supporté : %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:517
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `/file` or `|pipe` redirection not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"attention : les redirections `/file` ou `|pipe` ne sont pas supportées : %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:522
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail line is not recognized: %s\n"
+msgstr "attention : ligne sendmail non reconnue : %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:604
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"File '%s' exists but it could also be the range of commits\n"
+"to produce patches for.  Please disambiguate by...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * Saying \"./%s\" if you mean a file; or\n"
+"    * Giving --format-patch option if you mean a range.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Le fichier '%s' existe mais ce pourrait aussi être la plage de commmits\n"
+"pour lequel les patches sont à produire. Veuillez préciser...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * en indiquant \"./%s\" si vous désignez un fichier, ou\n"
+"    * en fournissant l'option --format-patch pour une plage.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:625
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to opendir %s: %s"
+msgstr "Échec à l'ouverture du répertoire %s : %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:649
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"fatal: %s: %s\n"
+"warning: no patches were sent\n"
+msgstr ""
+"fatal : %s : %s\n"
+"attention : aucun patch envoyé\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:660
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"No patch files specified!\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Aucun fichier patch spécifié !\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:673
+#, perl-format
+msgid "No subject line in %s?"
+msgstr "Ligne de sujet non trouvée dans %s ?"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:683
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open for writing %s: %s"
+msgstr "Impossible d'ouvrir %s en écriture : %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:694
+msgid ""
+"Lines beginning in \"GIT:\" will be removed.\n"
+"Consider including an overall diffstat or table of contents\n"
+"for the patch you are writing.\n"
+"\n"
+"Clear the body content if you don't wish to send a summary.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Les lignes commençant par \"GIT:\" seront supprimées.\n"
+"Envisagez d'inclure un diffstat global ou une table des matières\n"
+"pour le patch que vous êtes en train d'écrire.\n"
+"\n"
+"Effacez le corps si vous ne souhaitez pas envoyer un résumé.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:718
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s: %s"
+msgstr "Échec à l'ouverture de %s : %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:735
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s.final: %s"
+msgstr "Échec à l'ouverture de %s.final : %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:778
+msgid "Summary email is empty, skipping it\n"
+msgstr "Le courriel de résumé etant vide, il a été ignoré\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep [y/N] as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:813
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to use <%s> [y/N]? "
+msgstr "Êtes-vous sur de vouloir utiliser <%s> [y/N] ? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:868
+msgid ""
+"The following files are 8bit, but do not declare a Content-Transfer-"
+"Encoding.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Les fichiers suivants sont 8bit mais ne déclarent pas de champs Content-"
+"Transfer-Encoding.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:873
+msgid "Which 8bit encoding should I declare [UTF-8]? "
+msgstr "Quel encodage 8bit doit être déclaré [UTF8] ? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:881
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"Refusing to send because the patch\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"has the template subject '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. Pass --force if you really "
+"want to send.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Envoi refusé parce que le patch\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"a un sujet modèle '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. Passez --force is vous souhaitez "
+"vraiment envoyer.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:900
+msgid "To whom should the emails be sent (if anyone)?"
+msgstr "À qui les courriels doivent-ils être envoyés (s'il y en a) ?"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:918
+#, perl-format
+msgid "fatal: alias '%s' expands to itself\n"
+msgstr "fatal : l'alias '%s' se développe en lui-même\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:930
+msgid "Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email (if any)? "
+msgstr ""
+"Message-ID à utiliser comme In-Reply-To pour le premier courriel (s'il y en "
+"a) ? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:988 git-send-email.perl:996
+#, perl-format
+msgid "error: unable to extract a valid address from: %s\n"
+msgstr "erreur : impossible d'extraire une adresse valide depuis : %s\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [q] [d] [e] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1000
+msgid "What to do with this address? ([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit): "
+msgstr "Que faire de cette adresse ? ([q]uitter|[d]élaisser|[e]diter): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1317
+#, perl-format
+msgid "CA path \"%s\" does not exist"
+msgstr "le chemin vers la CA \"%s\" n'existe pas"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1400
+msgid ""
+"    The Cc list above has been expanded by additional\n"
+"    addresses found in the patch commit message. By default\n"
+"    send-email prompts before sending whenever this occurs.\n"
+"    This behavior is controlled by the sendemail.confirm\n"
+"    configuration setting.\n"
+"\n"
+"    For additional information, run 'git send-email --help'.\n"
+"    To retain the current behavior, but squelch this message,\n"
+"    run 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"   La liste CC ci-dessus a été étendue avec des adresses\n"
+"   supplémentaires trouvées dans le message de validation.\n"
+"   Par défaut dans ce cas, send-email demande confirmation avant envoi.\n"
+"   Ce comportement est géré par le paramètre de configuration\n"
+"   sendemail.confirm.\n"
+"\n"
+"   Pour tout information complémentaire, lancez 'git send-email --help'.\n"
+"   Pour conserver le comportement actuel, mais éliminer ce message,\n"
+"   lancez 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y] [n] [e] [q] [a] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1415
+msgid "Send this email? ([y]es|[n]o|[e]dit|[q]uit|[a]ll): "
+msgstr "Envoyer ce courriel ? ([y]es|[n]o|[e]dit|[q]uit|[a]ll) : "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1418
+msgid "Send this email reply required"
+msgstr "Une réponse est nécessaire"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1446
+msgid "The required SMTP server is not properly defined."
+msgstr "Le serveur SMTP nécessaire n'est pas défini correctement."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1493
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Server does not support STARTTLS! %s"
+msgstr "Le serveur ne supporte pas STARTTLS ! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1498 git-send-email.perl:1502
+#, perl-format
+msgid "STARTTLS failed! %s"
+msgstr "echec de STARTTLS ! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1512
+msgid "Unable to initialize SMTP properly. Check config and use --smtp-debug."
+msgstr ""
+"Impossible d'initialiser SMTP. Vérifiez la configuration et utilisez --smtp-"
+"debug."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1530
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to send %s\n"
+msgstr "échec de l'envoi de %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Dry-Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "Envoi simulé de %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "%s envoyé\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1535
+msgid "Dry-OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "Simulation OK. Le journal indique :\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1535
+msgid "OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "OK. Le journal indique :\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1547
+msgid "Result: "
+msgstr "Résultat : "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1550
+msgid "Result: OK\n"
+msgstr "Résultat : OK\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1568
+#, perl-format
+msgid "can't open file %s"
+msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir le fichier %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1615 git-send-email.perl:1635
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) Ajout de cc: %s depuis la ligne '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1621
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding to: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) Ajout de to: %s depuis la ligne '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1674
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(non-mbox) Ajout de cc: %s depuis la ligne '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1699
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(body) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(corps) Ajout de cc: %s depuis la ligne '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1817
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Could not execute '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) Impossible d'exécuter '%s'"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1824
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Adding %s: %s from: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(%s) Ajout de %s : %s depuis : '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1828
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) failed to close pipe to '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) échec de la fermeture du pipe vers '%s'"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1855
+msgid "cannot send message as 7bit"
+msgstr "impossible d'envoyer un message comme 7bit"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1863
+msgid "invalid transfer encoding"
+msgstr "codage de transfert invalide"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1901 git-send-email.perl:1952 git-send-email.perl:1962
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unable to open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir %s :%s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1904
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%s: patch contains a line longer than 998 characters"
+msgstr "%s : le patch contient une ligne plus longue que 998 caractères"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1920
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Skipping %s with backup suffix '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "%s sauté avec un suffix de sauvegarde '%s'.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep "[y|N]" as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1924
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Do you really want to send %s? [y|N]: "
+msgstr "Souhaitez-vous réellement envoyer %s ?[y|N] : "
+
+#~ msgid "Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So"
+#~ msgstr "Git de tous les jours avec à peu près 20 commandes"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+#~ msgstr "Impossible d'ouvrir '%s' en écriture"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "unexpected 1st line of squash message:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "première ligne de message de compression inattendue :\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "invalid 1st line of squash message:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "première ligne de message de compression invalide :\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+
+#~ msgid "BUG: returned path string doesn't match cwd?"
+#~ msgstr "BUG : le chemin renvoyé ne correspond pas à cwd ?"
+
+#~ msgid "Error in object"
+#~ msgstr "Erreur dans l'objet"
+
+#~ msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+#~ msgstr "git fetch-pack : ACK/NACK attendu, EOF reçu"
+
+#~ msgid "invalid filter-spec expression '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "expression de filtre invalide : '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "The copy of the patch that failed is found in: %s"
+#~ msgstr "La copie du patch qui a échoué se trouve dans : %s"
+
+#~ msgid "pathspec and --all are incompatible"
+#~ msgstr "un spécificateur de chemin et --all sont incompatibles"
+
+#~ msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$displaypath'"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Le sous-module '$name' ($url) n'est pas enregistré pour le chemin "
+#~ "'$displaypath'"
+
+#~ msgid "To/Cc/Bcc fields are not interpreted yet, they have been ignored\n"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Les champs To/CC/Bcc ne sont pas encore interprétés, ils ont été ignorés\n"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "empty strings as pathspecs will be made invalid in upcoming releases. "
+#~ "please use . instead if you meant to match all paths"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "les chaines de caractères vides comme spécificateurs de chemin seront "
+#~ "invalides dans les prochaines versions. Veuillez utiliser . à la place "
+#~ "pour correspondre à tous le chemins"
+
+#~ msgid "unable to open '%s' for writing"
+#~ msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir '%s' en écriture"
+
+#~ msgid "could not truncate '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "impossible de tronquer '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "could not finish '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "impossible de finir '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "could not write to %s"
+#~ msgstr "Impossible d'écrire dans %s"
+
+#~ msgid "could not close %s"
+#~ msgstr "impossible de fermer %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Copied a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+#~ msgstr "Copie d'une branche mal nommée '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
+#~ msgstr "créer manuellement 'HEAD' n'a pas de sens"
+
+#~ msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
+#~ msgstr "Je ne sais pas cloner %s"
+
+#~ msgid "show ignored files"
+#~ msgstr "afficher les fichiers ignorés"
+
+#~ msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
+#~ msgstr "%s n'est pas un objet '%s' valide"
+
+#~ msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
+#~ msgstr "Je ne sais pas récupérer depuis %s"
+
+#~ msgid "'$term' is not a valid term"
+#~ msgstr "'$term' n'est pas un terme valide"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
+#~ "       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "erreur: option inconnue pour 'stash save': $option\n"
+#~ "        Pour fournir un message, utilisez git stash save -- '$option'"
+
+#~ msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+#~ msgstr "Échec de parcours dans le chemin du sous-module '$sm_path'"
+
+#~ msgid "%%(trailers) does not take arguments"
+#~ msgstr "%%(trailers) n'accepte pas d'argument"
+
+#~ msgid "submodule update strategy not supported for submodule '%s'"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "stratégie de mise à jour de sous-module non supportée pour le sous-module "
+#~ "'%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "change upstream info"
+#~ msgstr "modifier l'information amont"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Si vous vouliez que '%s' suive '%s', faites ceci :\n"
+#~ "\n"
+
+#~ msgid "basename"
+#~ msgstr "nom de base"
+
+#~ msgid "prepend parent project's basename to output"
+#~ msgstr "préfixer le nom de base du projet parent à la sortie"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Warning: the SHA-1 is missing or isn't a commit in the following line:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Attention : le SHA-1 manque ou n'est pas un commit dans la ligne "
+#~ "suivante :\n"
+#~ " - $line"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Warning: the command isn't recognized in the following line:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Attention : la commande n'est pas reconnue dans le ligne suivante :\n"
+#~ " - $line"
+
+#~ msgid "Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Ou bien vous pouvez abandonner le rebasage avec 'git rebase --abort'."
+
+#~ msgid "Could not open file '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir le fichier '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
+#~ msgstr "dans %0.1f secondes automatiquement..."
+
+#~ msgid "dup2(%d,%d) failed"
+#~ msgstr "échec de dup2(%d,%d)"
+
+#~ msgid "Initial commit on "
+#~ msgstr "Validation initiale sur "
+
+#~ msgid "Patch is empty. Was it split wrong?"
+#~ msgstr "Le patch est vide. Le découpage était-il bon ?"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "You still have unmerged paths in your index.\n"
+#~ "Did you forget to use 'git add'?"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Vous avez toujours des chemins non fusionnés dans votre index\n"
+#~ "Auriez-vous oublié de faire 'git add' ?"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
+#~ "Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Impossible de mettre à jour les chemins et de basculer sur la branche "
+#~ "'%s' en même temps.\n"
+#~ "Souhaitiez-vous extraire '%s' qui ne peut être résolu comme commit ?"
+
+#~ msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i or -o; assuming --only paths..."
+#~ msgstr "Chemins explicites spécifiés sans -i ni -o ; --only supposé..."
+
+#~ msgid "default mode for recursion"
+#~ msgstr "mode par défaut pour la récursion"
+
+#~ msgid "submodule--helper subcommand must be called with a subcommand"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "la sous-commande submodule--helper doit être appelée avec une sous-"
+#~ "commande"
+
+#~ msgid "could not stat '%s"
+#~ msgstr "stat impossible de '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "tag: tagging "
+#~ msgstr "étiquette: étiquetage de "
+
+#~ msgid "object of unknown type"
+#~ msgstr "objet de type inconnu"
+
+#~ msgid "commit object"
+#~ msgstr "objet commit"
+
+#~ msgid "tree object"
+#~ msgstr "objet arbre"
+
+#~ msgid "blob object"
+#~ msgstr "objet blob"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "There is nothing to exclude from by :(exclude) patterns.\n"
+#~ "Perhaps you forgot to add either ':/' or '.' ?"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Il n'y a rien dont il faut exclure par des motifs :(exclure).\n"
+#~ "Peut-être avez-vous oublié d'ajouter ':/' ou '.' ?"
+
+#~ msgid "unrecognized format: %%(%s)"
+#~ msgstr "format non reconnu %%(%s)"
+
+#~ msgid ":strip= requires a positive integer argument"
+#~ msgstr ":strip= requiert un argument entier positif"
+
+#~ msgid "ref '%s' does not have %ld components to :strip"
+#~ msgstr "la réf '%s' n'a pas %ld composants à :strip"
+
+#~ msgid "unknown %.*s format %s"
+#~ msgstr "format de %.*s inconnu %s"
+
+# féminin pour une branche
+#~ msgid "[%s: gone]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: disparue]"
+
+#~ msgid "[%s]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s]"
+
+#~ msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: en retard de %d]"
+
+#~ msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s : en avance de %d]"
+
+#~ msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s : en avance de %d, en retard de %d]"
+
+#~ msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
+#~ msgstr " **** référence invalide ****"
+
+#~ msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
+#~ msgstr "objet répertoire démentiellement long %.*s"
+
+#~ msgid "git merge [<options>] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
+#~ msgstr "git merge [<options>] <message> HEAD <commit>"
+
+#~ msgid "cannot open file '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir le fichier '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "could not close file %s"
+#~ msgstr "impossible de fermer le fichier %s"
+
+#~ msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
+#~ msgstr "nom d'étiquette trop long : %.*s..."
+
+#~ msgid "tag header too big."
+#~ msgstr "en-tête d'étiquette trop gros."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+#~ "marked for discarding"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Si le patch s'applique proprement, la section éditée sera\n"
+#~ "immediatement marquée comme éliminée"
+
+#~ msgid "Use an experimental blank-line-based heuristic to improve diffs"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Utiliser une heuristique expérimentale reposant sur les lignes vides pour "
+#~ "améliorer le diffs"
+
+#~ msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
+#~ msgstr "Malin... correction du dernier avec un index sale."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "the following submodule (or one of its nested submodules)\n"
+#~ "uses a .git directory:"
+#~ msgid_plural ""
+#~ "the following submodules (or one of their nested submodules)\n"
+#~ "use a .git directory:"
+#~ msgstr[0] ""
+#~ "le sous-module suivant (ou un de ses sous-modules imbriqués)\n"
+#~ "utilise un répertoire .git :"
+#~ msgstr[1] ""
+#~ "les sous-modules suivants (ou un de leurs sous-modules imbriqués)\n"
+#~ "utilisent un répertoire .git :"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its "
+#~ "history)"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "(utilisez 'rm -rf' si vous voulez vraiment le supprimer en incluant tout "
+#~ "son historique)"
+
+#~ msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
+#~ msgstr "Erreur lors de l'emballage de %s."
+
+#~ msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
+#~ msgstr "Vos modifications locales seraient écrasées par cherry-pick."
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot revert during another revert."
+#~ msgstr "Impossible d'annuler un commit pendant l'annulation d'un commit."
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot cherry-pick during another cherry-pick."
+#~ msgstr "Impossible de picorer pendant un autre picorage."
+
+#~ msgid "Could not parse line %d."
+#~ msgstr "Impossible d'analyser la ligne %d."
+
+#~ msgid "Could not open %s"
+#~ msgstr "Impossible d'ouvrir %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not read %s."
+#~ msgstr "Impossible de lire %s."
+
+#~ msgid "Could not format %s."
+#~ msgstr "Impossible de formater %s."
+
+#~ msgid "%s: %s"
+#~ msgstr "%s : %s"
+
+#~ msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
+#~ msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir %s : %s"
+
+#~ msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
+#~ msgstr "Vous devez d'abord définir vos informations de validateur"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 2nd commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Ceci est le deuxième message de validation :"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 3rd commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Ceci est le troisième message de validation :"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 4th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Ceci est le quatrième message de validation :"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 5th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Ceci est le cinquième message de validation :"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 6th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Ceci est le sixième message de validation :"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 7th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Ceci est le septième message de validation :"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 8th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Ceci est le huitième message de validation :"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 9th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Ceci est le neuvième message de validation :"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 10th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Ceci est le dixième message de validation :"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the ${n}th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Ceci est le ${n}ième message de validation :"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the ${n}st commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Ceci est le ${n}ième message de validation :"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the ${n}nd commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Ceci est le ${n}ième message de validation :"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the ${n}rd commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Ceci est le ${n}ième message de validation :"
+
+#~ msgid "The 1st commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Le premier message de validation sera ignoré :"
+
+#~ msgid "The 2nd commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Le deuxième message de validation sera ignoré :"
 
-#~ msgid "force creation (when already exists)"
-#~ msgstr "forcer la création (même si la cible existe)"
+#~ msgid "The 3rd commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Le troisième message de validation sera ignoré :"
 
-#~ msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
-#~ msgstr "Chaîne ident mal formée : '%s'"
+#~ msgid "The 4th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Le quatrième message de validation sera ignoré :"
+
+#~ msgid "The 5th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Le cinquième message de validation sera ignoré :"
+
+#~ msgid "The 6th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Le sixième message de validation sera ignoré :"
+
+#~ msgid "The 7th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Le septième message de validation sera ignoré :"
+
+#~ msgid "The 8th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Le huitième message de validation sera ignoré :"
+
+#~ msgid "The 9th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Le neuvième message de validation sera ignoré :"
+
+#~ msgid "The 10th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Le dixième message de validation sera ignoré :"
+
+#~ msgid "The ${n}th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "le ${n}ième message de validation sera ignoré :"
+
+#~ msgid "The ${n}st commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Le message de validation ${n} sera ignoré :"
+
+#~ msgid "The ${n}nd commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Le message de validation ${n} sera ignoré :"
+
+#~ msgid "The ${n}rd commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Le message de validation ${n} sera ignoré :"
+
+#~ msgid "could not run gpg."
+#~ msgstr "impossible de lancer gpg."
+
+#~ msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
+#~ msgstr "gpg n'a pas accepté les données"
+
+#~ msgid "unsupported object type in the tree"
+#~ msgstr "type d'objet non supporté dans l'arbre"
+
+#~ msgid "Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."
+#~ msgstr "Échec fatal de fusion, qui ne devrait jamais arriver."
+
+#~ msgid "Unprocessed path??? %s"
+#~ msgstr "Chemin non traité ??? %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
+#~ msgstr "Impossible de %s pendant un %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
+#~ msgstr "Impossible de picorer vers une HEAD vide"
+
+#~ msgid "could not open %s for writing"
+#~ msgstr "Impossible d'ouvrir '%s' en écriture"
+
+#~ msgid "bug: unhandled unmerged status %x"
+#~ msgstr "bogue : état de non-fusion non géré %x"
+
+#~ msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
+#~ msgstr "bogue : état de diff non géré %c"
+
+#~ msgid "could not write branch description template"
+#~ msgstr "impossible d'écrire le modèle de description de branche"
+
+#~ msgid "corrupt index file"
+#~ msgstr "fichier d'index corrompu"
+
+#~ msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
+#~ msgstr "détacher la HEAD à la validation nommée"
+
+#~ msgid "Checking connectivity... "
+#~ msgstr "Vérification de la connectivité... "
+
+#~ msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
+#~ msgstr "  (impossible de mettre à jour la référence locale)"
+
+#~ msgid "Reinitialized existing"
+#~ msgstr "existant réinitialisé"
+
+#~ msgid "Initialized empty"
+#~ msgstr "vide initialisé"
+
+#~ msgid " shared"
+#~ msgstr " partagé"
+
+#~ msgid "Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+#~ msgstr "Vérifier que la validation a une signature GPG valide"
+
+#~ msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
+#~ msgstr "Écriture de SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#~ msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
+#~ msgstr "Finition de SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#~ msgid "   and with remote"
+#~ msgstr "   et avec la distante"
+
+#~ msgid "removing '%s' failed"
+#~ msgstr "la suppression de '%s' a échoué"
+
+#~ msgid "program error"
+#~ msgstr "erreur du programme"
+
+#~ msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
+#~ msgstr "Veuillez appeler 'bisect_state' avec au moins un argument."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again "
+#~ "from"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Si vous voulez réutiliser ce répertoire git local au lieu de cloner à "
+#~ "nouveau depuis"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct "
+#~ "repo"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "utilisez l'option '--force'. Si le répertoire local git n'est pas le "
+#~ "dépôt correct"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
+#~ "option."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "ou si vous ne savez pas ce que cela signifie, choisissez un autre nom "
+#~ "avec l'option '--name'."
+
+#~ msgid "Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains a .git directory"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "La copie de travail du sous-module '$displaypath' contient un répertoire ."
+#~ "git"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its "
+#~ "history)"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "(utilisez 'rm -rf' si vous voulez vraiment le supprimer en incluant tout "
+#~ "son historique)"
+
+#~ msgid "'%s': %s"
+#~ msgstr "'%s' : %s"
+
+#~ msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
+#~ msgstr "impossible d'accéder à '%s' : %s"
+
+#~ msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir %s : %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "Please, stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Veuillez indexer vos modifications de .gitmodules ou remisez-les pour "
+#~ "continuer"
+
+#~ msgid "failed to remove: %s"
+#~ msgstr "échec de la suppression de %s"
+
+#~ msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
+#~ msgstr "L'option --exec doit être utilisée avec l'option --interactive"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Submodule path '$displaypath' not initialized\n"
+#~ "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Chemin de sous-module '$displaypath' non initialisé\n"
+#~ "Peut-être souhaitez-vous utiliser 'update --init' ?"
+
+#~ msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Reporter les validations locales sur le sommet mis à jour d'une branche "
+#~ "amont"
+
+#~ msgid "improper format entered align:%s"
+#~ msgstr "format non convenable align:%s"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not set core.worktree in %s"
+#~ msgstr "Impossible de paramétrer core.worktree dans %s"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "push.default is unset; its implicit value has changed in\n"
+#~ "Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
+#~ "and maintain the traditional behavior, use:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "When push.default is set to 'matching', git will push local branches\n"
+#~ "to the remote branches that already exist with the same name.\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Since Git 2.0, Git defaults to the more conservative 'simple'\n"
+#~ "behavior, which only pushes the current branch to the corresponding\n"
+#~ "remote branch that 'git pull' uses to update the current branch.\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
+#~ "information.\n"
+#~ "(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
+#~ "'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "push.default n'est pas défini ; sa valeur implicite a changé dans Git "
+#~ "2.0\n"
+#~ "de 'matching' vers 'simple'. Pour supprimer ce message et maintenir\n"
+#~ "le comportement actuel après la modification de la valeur de défaut, "
+#~ "utilisez :\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Pour supprimer ce message et adopter le nouveau comportement maintenant, "
+#~ "utilisez :\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Quand push.default vaudra 'matching', git poussera les branches locales\n"
+#~ "sur les branches distantes qui existent déjà avec le même nom.\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Depuis Git 2.0, Git utilise par défaut le comportement plus conservatif "
+#~ "'simple'\n"
+#~ "qui ne pousse la branche courante que vers la branche distante "
+#~ "correspondante\n"
+#~ "que 'git pull' utilise pour mettre à jour la branche courante.\n"
+#~ " \n"
+#~ "Voir 'git help config' et chercher 'push.default' pour plus "
+#~ "d'information.\n"
+#~ "(le mode 'simple' a été introduit dans Git 1.7.11. Utilisez le mode "
+#~ "similaire\n"
+#~ "'current' au lieu de 'simple' si vous utilisez de temps en temps "
+#~ "d'anciennes versions de Git)"
+
+#~ msgid "check|on-demand|no"
+#~ msgstr "check|on-demand|no"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not append '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Impossible d'ajouter '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "Missing author: %s"
+#~ msgstr "Auteur manquant : %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Testing "
+#~ msgstr "Test en cours "
+
+#~ msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "impossible de rechercher l'utilisateur actuel dans le fichier de mots de "
+#~ "passe : %s"
+
+#~ msgid "no such user"
+#~ msgstr "utilisateur inconnu"
+
+#~ msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
+#~ msgstr "la branche '%s' ne pointe pas sur un commit"
+
+#~ msgid "object '%s' does not point to a commit"
+#~ msgstr "l'objet '%s' ne pointe pas sur un commit"
+
+#~ msgid "some refs could not be read"
+#~ msgstr "des références n'ont pas pu être lues"
+
+#~ msgid "print only merged branches"
+#~ msgstr "afficher seulement les branches fusionnées"
+
+#~ msgid "--dissociate given, but there is no --reference"
+#~ msgstr "--dissociate est spécifié, mais --reference est absent"
+
+#~ msgid "show usage"
+#~ msgstr "afficher l'usage"
+
+#~ msgid "insanely long template name %s"
+#~ msgstr "nom de modèle démentiellement long %s"
+
+#~ msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
+#~ msgstr "lien symbolique démentiellement long %s"
+
+#~ msgid "insanely long template path %s"
+#~ msgstr "chemin de modèle %s démentiellement long"
+
+#~ msgid "insane git directory %s"
+#~ msgstr "répertoire git démentiel %s"
+
+#~ msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "spécification de tri non supportée '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s' in variable '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "spécification de tri non supportée '%s' dans le variable '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
+#~ msgstr "le commutateur 'points-at' a besoin d'un objet"
+
+#~ msgid "sort tags"
+#~ msgstr "trier les étiquettes"
+
+#~ msgid "--sort and -n are incompatible"
+#~ msgstr "--sort et -n sont incompatibles"
+
+#~ msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Le répertoire Git '$a' fait partie du chemin de sous-module '$b' ou vice-"
+#~ "versa"
+
+#~ msgid "false|true|preserve"
+#~ msgstr "false|true|preserve"
+
+#~ msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that is still open"
+#~ msgstr "BUG: réouverture d'un fichier verrou déjà ouvert"
+
+#~ msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that has been committed"
+#~ msgstr "BUG: réouverture d'un fichier verrou validé"
+
+#~ msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
+#~ msgstr "l'option %s n'accepte pas de valeur négative"
+
+#~ msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
+#~ msgstr "impossible d'analyser la valeur '%s' pour l'option %s"
+
+#~ msgid "-b and -B are mutually exclusive"
+#~ msgstr "-b et -B sont mutuellement exclusifs"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "When you have resolved this problem, run \"$cmdline --continue\".\n"
+#~ "If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"$cmdline --skip\" instead.\n"
+#~ "To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"$cmdline --abort"
+#~ "\"."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Lorsque vous aurez résolu ce problème, lancez \"$cmdline --continue\".\n"
+#~ "Si vous préférez sauter ce patch, lancez \"$cmdline --skip\" à la place.\n"
+#~ "Pour restaurer la branche d'origine et stopper le patchage, lancez "
+#~ "\"$cmdline --abort\"."
+
+#~ msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
+#~ msgstr "Le format de patch $patch_format n'est pas supporté."
+
+#~ msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
+#~ msgstr "Décidez-vous. --skip ou --abort ?"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?\n"
+#~ "If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
+#~ "To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Le patch est vide.  Était-il mal découpé ?\n"
+#~ "Si vous préférez sauter ce patch, lancez plutôt \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
+#~ "Pour restaurer la branche d'origine et stopper le patchage, lancez "
+#~ "\"$cmdline --abort\"."
+
+#~ msgid "Patch does not have a valid courriel address."
+#~ msgstr "Le patch n'a pas d'adresse courriel valide."
+
+#~ msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
+#~ msgstr "Application : $FIRSTLINE"
+
+#~ msgid "Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+#~ msgstr "Le patch a échoué à $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
+#~ "Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
+#~ "as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Le tirage n'est pas possible car vous avez des fichiers non fusionnés.\n"
+#~ "Veuillez les corriger dans votre copie de travail, utiliser alors 'git "
+#~ "add/rm <fichier>'\n"
+#~ "si nécessaire pour marquer comme résolu et valider."
+
+#~ msgid "no branch specified"
+#~ msgstr "aucune branche spécifiée"
+
+#~ msgid "prune .git/worktrees"
+#~ msgstr "éliminer .git/worktrees"
+
+#~ msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
+#~ msgstr "Les commandes git les plus utilisées sont :"
+
+#~ msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Branche inconnue : '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not create git link %s"
+#~ msgstr "Impossible de créer le lien git %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Invalid gc.pruneexpire: '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "gc.pruneexpire invalide : '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "(detached from %s)"
+#~ msgstr "(détaché de %s)"
+
+#~ msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Aucun auteur existant trouvé avec '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "search also in ignored files"
+#~ msgstr "rechercher aussi dans les fichiers ignorés"
+
+#~ msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete |<branch>)"
+#~ msgstr "git remote set-head <nom> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete |<branche>)"
+
+#~ msgid "no files added"
+#~ msgstr "aucun fichier ajouté"
 
 #~ msgid "slot"
 #~ msgstr "emplacement"
@@ -11402,21 +19336,12 @@ msgstr "Synchronisation de l'URL sous-module pour '$displaypath'"
 #~ msgid "Failed to lock HEAD during fast_forward_to"
 #~ msgstr "Échec du verrouillage de HEAD pendant l'avance rapide"
 
-#~ msgid "invalid commit: %s"
-#~ msgstr "commit invalide : %s"
-
 #~ msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
 #~ msgstr "impossible de verrouiller la référence HEAD"
 
 #~ msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
 #~ msgstr "impossible de mettre à jour la référence HEAD"
 
-#~ msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
-#~ msgstr "%s invalide : '%s'"
-
-#~ msgid "cannot tell cwd"
-#~ msgstr "impossible de déterminer le répertoire de travail courant"
-
 #~ msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
 #~ msgstr "%s : impossible de verrouiller la référence"
 
@@ -11450,9 +19375,6 @@ msgstr "Synchronisation de l'URL sous-module pour '$displaypath'"
 #~ msgid "bug"
 #~ msgstr "bogue"
 
-#~ msgid "ahead "
-#~ msgstr "devant "
-
 #~ msgid ", behind "
 #~ msgstr ", derrière "
 
@@ -11564,12 +19486,5 @@ msgstr "Synchronisation de l'URL sous-module pour '$displaypath'"
 #~ msgstr "les chemins en entrée sont terminés par le caractère nul"
 
 #~ msgid ""
-#~ "The following untracked files would NOT be saved but need to be removed "
-#~ "by stash save:"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Les fichiers suivants non suivis ne seront PAS sauvés mais doivent être "
-#~ "supprimés par le remisage :"
-
-#~ msgid ""
 #~ "Aborting. Consider using either the --force or --include-untracked option."
 #~ msgstr "Abandon. Utilisez l'option --force ou --include-untracked."
diff --git a/po/git.pot b/po/git.pot
index 91fa5a1be6..d4c7f0bec6 100644
--- a/po/git.pot
+++ b/po/git.pot
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-01-21 14:21+0800\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-06-16 22:06+0800\n"
 "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
 "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
 "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
@@ -18,188 +18,1040 @@ msgstr ""
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=INTEGER; plural=EXPRESSION;\n"
 
-#: advice.c:55
+#: advice.c:92
 #, c-format
-msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
+msgid "%shint: %.*s%s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: advice.c:88
+#: advice.c:137
+msgid "Cherry-picking is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: advice.c:139
+msgid "Committing is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: advice.c:141
+msgid "Merging is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: advice.c:143
+msgid "Pulling is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: advice.c:145
+msgid "Reverting is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: advice.c:147
+#, c-format
+msgid "It is not possible to %s because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: advice.c:155
 msgid ""
 "Fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
 "as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:11
-msgid "git archive [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+#: advice.c:163
+msgid "Exiting because of an unresolved conflict."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:12
-msgid "git archive --list"
+#: advice.c:168 builtin/merge.c:1250
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:13
+#: advice.c:170
+msgid "Please, commit your changes before merging."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: advice.c:171
+msgid "Exiting because of unfinished merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: advice.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Note: checking out '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental\n"
+"changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this\n"
+"state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may\n"
+"do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:122
+msgid "--reject and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:124
+msgid "--cached and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:127
+msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:138
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:141
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:821
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:830
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:904
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:942
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:948
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:949
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:954
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid mode on line %d: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:1301
+#, c-format
+msgid "inconsistent header lines %d and %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:1542
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:1562
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: apply.c:1575
+#, c-format
+msgid "git diff header lacks filename information (line %d)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:1763
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:1765
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:1799
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:1836
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:1838
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:1841
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:1988
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:2025
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:2185
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:2271
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:2275
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:2934
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3055
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: apply.c:3067
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3073
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
-"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3095
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3103
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot reverse-apply a binary patch without the reverse hunk to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3149
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot apply binary patch to '%s' without full index line"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3159
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the patch applies to '%s' (%s), which does not match the current contents."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3167
+#, c-format
+msgid "the patch applies to an empty '%s' but it is not empty"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3185
+#, c-format
+msgid "the necessary postimage %s for '%s' cannot be read"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3198
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3204
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3225
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3347
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3396 apply.c:3407 apply.c:3453 setup.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3404
+#, c-format
+msgid "reading from '%s' beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3433 apply.c:3673
+#, c-format
+msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3516 apply.c:3687
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3525 apply.c:3695
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3560
+msgid "repository lacks the necessary blob to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Falling back to three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3579 apply.c:3583
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read the current contents of '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3595
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fall back on three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3609
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' with conflicts.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3614
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' cleanly.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3640
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3712
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3714
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3864 apply.c:3866
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3922
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3925
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3945
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3950
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3970
+#, c-format
+msgid "affected file '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3974
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:3989
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4080
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless for submodule %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4087
+#, c-format
+msgid "mode change for %s, which is not in current HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4090
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless (%s)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4095 builtin/checkout.c:235 builtin/reset.c:140
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4099
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not add %s to temporary index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write temporary index to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4247
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4282
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4288
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4296
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4302 apply.c:4446
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4343
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to write to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4347
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4417
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4523
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4526
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: apply.c:4537
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4545 builtin/fetch.c:786 builtin/fetch.c:1036
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4559
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4673
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped patch '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4681
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4700
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4837
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s': %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4864
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: apply.c:4870 apply.c:4885
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: apply.c:4878
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: apply.c:4894 builtin/add.c:538 builtin/mv.c:300 builtin/rm.c:389
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4921 apply.c:4924 builtin/am.c:2254 builtin/am.c:2257
+#: builtin/clone.c:120 builtin/fetch.c:126 builtin/pull.c:198
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:405 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1210
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1213 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1584
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1587 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1807
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "path"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4922
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4925
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4927 builtin/am.c:2263
+msgid "num"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4928
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4931
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4933
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4937
+msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4939
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4941
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4943
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4945
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4947
+msgid "accept a patch that touches outside the working area"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4950
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4952
+msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4954
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4957 builtin/checkout-index.c:168 builtin/ls-files.c:515
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4959
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4960 builtin/am.c:2242 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:95
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:97 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:99
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3177
+msgid "action"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4961
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4964 apply.c:4967
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4970
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4972
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4974
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4976
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4977 builtin/add.c:290 builtin/check-ignore.c:21
+#: builtin/commit.c:1301 builtin/count-objects.c:98 builtin/fsck.c:666
+#: builtin/log.c:1901 builtin/mv.c:122 builtin/read-tree.c:124
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4979
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4982
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4984 builtin/am.c:2251
+msgid "root"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: apply.c:4985
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:13
+msgid "git archive [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: archive.c:14
+msgid "git archive --list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:16
 msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:342 builtin/add.c:137 builtin/add.c:427 builtin/rm.c:328
+#: archive.c:351 builtin/add.c:176 builtin/add.c:514 builtin/rm.c:298
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:427
+#: archive.c:434
 msgid "fmt"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:427
+#: archive.c:434
 msgid "archive format"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:428 builtin/log.c:1204
+#: archive.c:435 builtin/log.c:1462
 msgid "prefix"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:429
+#: archive.c:436
 msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:430 builtin/archive.c:88 builtin/blame.c:2517
-#: builtin/blame.c:2518 builtin/config.c:57 builtin/fast-export.c:986
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:988 builtin/grep.c:712 builtin/hash-object.c:101
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:489 builtin/ls-files.c:492 builtin/notes.c:394
-#: builtin/notes.c:557 builtin/read-tree.c:109 parse-options.h:151
+#: archive.c:437 builtin/blame.c:813 builtin/blame.c:814 builtin/config.c:127
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1007 builtin/fast-export.c:1009 builtin/grep.c:869
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103 builtin/ls-files.c:551 builtin/ls-files.c:554
+#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:568 builtin/read-tree.c:119
+#: parse-options.h:165
 msgid "file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:431 builtin/archive.c:89
+#: archive.c:438 builtin/archive.c:89
 msgid "write the archive to this file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:433
+#: archive.c:440
 msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:434
+#: archive.c:441
 msgid "report archived files on stderr"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:435
+#: archive.c:442
 msgid "store only"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:436
+#: archive.c:443
 msgid "compress faster"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:444
+#: archive.c:451
 msgid "compress better"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:447
+#: archive.c:454
 msgid "list supported archive formats"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:449 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:86
+#: archive.c:456 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:110 builtin/clone.c:113
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1222 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1593
 msgid "repo"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:450 builtin/archive.c:91
+#: archive.c:457 builtin/archive.c:91
 msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:451 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:478
+#: archive.c:458 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:489
 msgid "command"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:452 builtin/archive.c:93
+#: archive.c:459 builtin/archive.c:93
 msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: attr.c:258
+#: archive.c:466
+msgid "Unexpected option --remote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:468
+msgid "Option --exec can only be used together with --remote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:470
+msgid "Unexpected option --output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:492
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown archive format '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid "Argument not supported for format '%s': -%d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: attr.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "%.*s is not a valid attribute name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: attr.c:415
 msgid ""
 "Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
 "Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: branch.c:60
+#: bisect.c:461
 #, c-format
-msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
+msgid "Badly quoted content in file '%s': %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bisect.c:669
+#, c-format
+msgid "We cannot bisect more!\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bisect.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid commit name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bisect.c:747
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is bad.\n"
+"This means the bug has been fixed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bisect.c:752
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is new.\n"
+"The property has changed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bisect.c:757
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is %s.\n"
+"This means the first '%s' commit is between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bisect.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Some %s revs are not ancestors of the %s rev.\n"
+"git bisect cannot work properly in this case.\n"
+"Maybe you mistook %s and %s revs?\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bisect.c:778
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the merge base between %s and [%s] must be skipped.\n"
+"So we cannot be sure the first %s commit is between %s and %s.\n"
+"We continue anyway."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bisect.c:811
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: a merge base must be tested\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bisect.c:851
+#, c-format
+msgid "a %s revision is needed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bisect.c:870 builtin/notes.c:175 builtin/tag.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bisect.c:921
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bisect.c:951
+msgid "reading bisect refs failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bisect.c:970
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s was both %s and %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: branch.c:83
+#: bisect.c:978
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing."
+msgid ""
+"No testable commit found.\n"
+"Maybe you started with bad path parameters?\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: branch.c:84
+#: bisect.c:997
+#, c-format
+msgid "(roughly %d step)"
+msgid_plural "(roughly %d steps)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the last %s will be replaced with "(roughly %d
+#. steps)" translation.
+#.
+#: bisect.c:1003
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s."
+msgid "Bisecting: %d revision left to test after this %s\n"
+msgid_plural "Bisecting: %d revisions left to test after this %s\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: blame.c:1756
+msgid "--contents and --reverse do not blend well."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: blame.c:1767
+msgid "cannot use --contents with final commit object name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: blame.c:1787
+msgid "--reverse and --first-parent together require specified latest commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: blame.c:1796 bundle.c:160 ref-filter.c:2075 sequencer.c:1861
+#: sequencer.c:3632 builtin/commit.c:981 builtin/log.c:366 builtin/log.c:920
+#: builtin/log.c:1371 builtin/log.c:1702 builtin/log.c:1950 builtin/merge.c:372
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:192
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: blame.c:1814
+msgid ""
+"--reverse --first-parent together require range along first-parent chain"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: branch.c:88
+#: blame.c:1825
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing."
+msgid "no such path %s in %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: branch.c:89
+#: blame.c:1836
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s."
+msgid "cannot read blob %s for path %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:54
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"After fixing the error cause you may try to fix up\n"
+"the remote tracking information by invoking\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:68
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: branch.c:94
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s' by rebasing."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: branch.c:95
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: branch.c:99
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s' by rebasing."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: branch.c:100
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: branch.c:133
+#: branch.c:120
+msgid "Unable to write upstream branch configuration"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:157
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: branch.c:162
+#: branch.c:190
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid branch name."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: branch.c:167
+#: branch.c:209
 #, c-format
 msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: branch.c:175
+#: branch.c:214
 msgid "Cannot force update the current branch."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: branch.c:195
+#: branch.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: branch.c:197
+#: branch.c:236
 #, c-format
 msgid "the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: branch.c:199
+#: branch.c:238
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
@@ -211,32 +1063,42 @@ msgid ""
 "\"git push -u\" to set the upstream config as you push."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: branch.c:243
+#: branch.c:281
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: branch.c:263
+#: branch.c:301
 #, c-format
 msgid "Ambiguous object name: '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: branch.c:268
+#: branch.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid branch point: '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
+#: branch.c:360
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:383
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD of working tree %s is not updated"
+msgstr ""
+
 #: bundle.c:34
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: bundle.c:61
+#: bundle.c:62
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: bundle.c:87 builtin/commit.c:770
+#: bundle.c:88 sequencer.c:2081 sequencer.c:2558 builtin/commit.c:755
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s'"
 msgstr ""
@@ -245,32 +1107,25 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: bundle.c:163 sequencer.c:645 sequencer.c:1100 builtin/blame.c:2706
-#: builtin/branch.c:652 builtin/commit.c:1049 builtin/log.c:330
-#: builtin/log.c:823 builtin/log.c:1432 builtin/log.c:1669 builtin/merge.c:358
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:158
-msgid "revision walk setup failed"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: bundle.c:185
+#: bundle.c:190
 #, c-format
 msgid "The bundle contains this ref:"
 msgid_plural "The bundle contains these %d refs:"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: bundle.c:192
+#: bundle.c:197
 msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: bundle.c:194
+#: bundle.c:199
 #, c-format
 msgid "The bundle requires this ref:"
 msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs:"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: bundle.c:251
+#: bundle.c:258
 msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -278,184 +1133,397 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "pack-objects died"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: bundle.c:309
+#: bundle.c:311
 msgid "rev-list died"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: bundle.c:358
+#: bundle.c:360
 #, c-format
 msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: bundle.c:438 builtin/log.c:153 builtin/log.c:1342 builtin/shortlog.c:261
+#: bundle.c:450 builtin/log.c:183 builtin/log.c:1607 builtin/shortlog.c:303
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: bundle.c:444
+#: bundle.c:458
 msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: bundle.c:454
+#: bundle.c:470
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot create '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: bundle.c:475
+#: bundle.c:498
 msgid "index-pack died"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: color.c:260
+#: color.c:296
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid color value: %.*s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: commit.c:40
+#: commit.c:43 sequencer.c:2364 builtin/am.c:421 builtin/am.c:465
+#: builtin/am.c:1436 builtin/am.c:2072 builtin/replace.c:376
+#: builtin/replace.c:448
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not parse %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: commit.c:42
+#: commit.c:45
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: compat/obstack.c:406 compat/obstack.c:408
+#: commit.c:182
+msgid ""
+"Support for <GIT_DIR>/info/grafts is deprecated\n"
+"and will be removed in a future Git version.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please use \"git replace --convert-graft-file\"\n"
+"to convert the grafts into replace refs.\n"
+"\n"
+"Turn this message off by running\n"
+"\"git config advice.graftFileDeprecated false\""
+msgstr ""
+
+#: commit.c:1540
+msgid ""
+"Warning: commit message did not conform to UTF-8.\n"
+"You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
+"variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: commit-graph.c:669
+#, c-format
+msgid "the commit graph format cannot write %d commits"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: commit-graph.c:696
+msgid "too many commits to write graph"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: commit-graph.c:707 builtin/init-db.c:516 builtin/init-db.c:521
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:405 compat/obstack.c:407
 msgid "memory exhausted"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: config.c:469 config.c:471
+#: config.c:187
+msgid "relative config include conditionals must come from files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:788
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad config file line %d in %s"
+msgid "bad config line %d in blob %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: config.c:587
+#: config.c:792
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
+msgid "bad config line %d in file %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:796
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in standard input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:800
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in submodule-blob %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: config.c:589
+#: config.c:804
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in command line %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:936
+msgid "out of range"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:936
+msgid "invalid unit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:942
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: config.c:674
+#: config.c:947
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in blob %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:950
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in file %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:953
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in standard input: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in submodule-blob %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:959
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in command line %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:962
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:1057
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to expand user dir in: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: config.c:752 config.c:763
+#: config.c:1066
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:1171 config.c:1182
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad zlib compression level %d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: config.c:885
+#: config.c:1307
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid mode for object creation: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: config.c:1211
+#: config.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack compression level %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:1681
 msgid "unable to parse command-line config"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: config.c:1272
-msgid "unknown error occured while reading the configuration files"
+#: config.c:2013
+msgid "unknown error occurred while reading the configuration files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:2200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:2243
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown core.untrackedCache value '%s'; using 'keep' default value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:2269
+#, c-format
+msgid "splitIndex.maxPercentChange value '%d' should be between 0 and 100"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: config.c:1596
+#: config.c:2294
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse '%s' from command-line config"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: config.c:1598
+#: config.c:2296
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad config variable '%s' in file '%s' at line %d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: config.c:1657
+#: config.c:2402
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s has multiple values"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: connected.c:69
+#: config.c:2766 config.c:3019
+#, c-format
+msgid "fstat on %s failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:2905
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not set '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: config.c:2907 builtin/remote.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not unset '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: connect.c:61
+msgid "The remote end hung up upon initial contact"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: connect.c:63
+msgid ""
+"Could not read from remote repository.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please make sure you have the correct access rights\n"
+"and the repository exists."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: connected.c:66 builtin/fsck.c:201 builtin/prune.c:145
+msgid "Checking connectivity"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: connected.c:78
 msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: connected.c:89
+#: connected.c:98
+msgid "failed write to rev-list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: connected.c:105
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: convert.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "CRLF would be replaced by LF in %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: convert.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CRLF will be replaced by LF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: convert.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "LF would be replaced by CRLF in %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: convert.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"LF will be replaced by CRLF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: convert.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "BOM is prohibited in '%s' if encoded as %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: convert.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The file '%s' contains a byte order mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%s as working-"
+"tree-encoding."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: convert.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "BOM is required in '%s' if encoded as %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: convert.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The file '%s' is missing a byte order mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%sBE or UTF-"
+"%sLE (depending on the byte order) as working-tree-encoding."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: convert.c:424
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
+msgid "failed to encode '%s' from %s to %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: connected.c:97
+#: convert.c:467
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
+msgid "encoding '%s' from %s to %s and back is not the same"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: convert.c:1225
+msgid "true/false are no valid working-tree-encodings"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: date.c:95
+#: date.c:116
 msgid "in the future"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: date.c:101
+#: date.c:122
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu second ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu seconds ago"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> second ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> seconds ago"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: date.c:108
+#: date.c:129
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu minute ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu minutes ago"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> minutes ago"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: date.c:115
+#: date.c:136
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu hour ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu hours ago"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> hours ago"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: date.c:122
+#: date.c:143
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu day ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu days ago"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> day ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> days ago"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: date.c:128
+#: date.c:149
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu week ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu weeks ago"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> week ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> weeks ago"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: date.c:135
+#: date.c:156
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu month ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu months ago"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> months ago"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: date.c:146
+#: date.c:167
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu year"
-msgid_plural "%lu years"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: "%s" is "<n> years"
-#: date.c:149
+#: date.c:170
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s, %lu month ago"
-msgid_plural "%s, %lu months ago"
+msgid "%s, %<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %<PRIuMAX> months ago"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: date.c:154 date.c:159
+#: date.c:175 date.c:180
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu year ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years ago"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
@@ -464,132 +1532,476 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 msgid "failed to read orderfile '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: diffcore-rename.c:516
+#: diffcore-rename.c:535
 msgid "Performing inexact rename detection"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: diff.c:114
+#: diff.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' requires a value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:152
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: diff.c:119
+#: diff.c:157
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: diff.c:214
+#: diff.c:281
+msgid ""
+"color moved setting must be one of 'no', 'default', 'zebra', 'dimmed_zebra', "
+"'plain'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:341
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: diff.c:266
+#: diff.c:401
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
 "%s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: diff.c:2957
+#: diff.c:3823
 #, c-format
 msgid "external diff died, stopping at %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: diff.c:3352
+#: diff.c:4153
+msgid "--name-only, --name-status, --check and -s are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:4156
+msgid "-G, -S and --find-object are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:4244
 msgid "--follow requires exactly one pathspec"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: diff.c:3515
+#: diff.c:4410
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
 "%s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: diff.c:3529
+#: diff.c:4424
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:129 gpg-interface.c:200
-msgid "could not run gpg."
+#: diff.c:5500
+msgid "inexact rename detection was skipped due to too many files."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:141
-msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
+#: diff.c:5503
+msgid "only found copies from modified paths due to too many files."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:152
-msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
+#: diff.c:5506
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you may want to set your %s variable to at least %d and retry the command."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: dir.c:1867
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open directory '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: dir.c:2109
+msgid "failed to get kernel name and information"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: dir.c:2233
+msgid "Untracked cache is disabled on this system or location."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: dir.c:3075 dir.c:3080
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directories for %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: dir.c:3109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not migrate git directory from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: editor.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: Waiting for your editor to close the file...%c"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: entry.c:177
+msgid "Filtering content"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: entry.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-object.c:17
+msgid "Remote with no URL"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:254
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected shallow list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:266
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:285 builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:338
+msgid "--stateless-rpc requires multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:429 fetch-pack.c:1310
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid shallow line: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:435 fetch-pack.c:1316
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid unshallow line: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:437 fetch-pack.c:1318
+#, c-format
+msgid "object not found: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:440 fetch-pack.c:1321
+#, c-format
+msgid "error in object: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:442 fetch-pack.c:1323
+#, c-format
+msgid "no shallow found: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:445 fetch-pack.c:1326
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected shallow/unshallow, got %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:486
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s %d %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:533
+msgid "giving up"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:543 progress.c:229
+msgid "done"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:555
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s (%d) %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:601
+#, c-format
+msgid "Marking %s as complete"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:828
+#, c-format
+msgid "already have %s (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:869
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:877
+msgid "protocol error: bad pack header"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:944
+#, c-format
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:960
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:962
+msgid "error in sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:989
+msgid "Server does not support shallow clients"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:993
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:996
+msgid "Server supports no-done"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1002
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1006
+msgid "Server supports side-band-64k"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1010
+msgid "Server supports side-band"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1014
+msgid "Server supports allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1018
+msgid "Server supports allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1028
+msgid "Server supports ofs-delta"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1034 fetch-pack.c:1204
+msgid "Server supports filter"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1042
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server version is %.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1048
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-since"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1052
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-exclude"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1054
+msgid "Server does not support --deepen"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1065
+msgid "no common commits"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1077 fetch-pack.c:1414
+msgid "git fetch-pack: fetch failed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1199
+msgid "Server does not support shallow requests"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1584
+msgid "no matching remote head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1610
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such remote ref %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1613
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server does not allow request for unadvertised object %s"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: gpg-interface.c:185
+msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:210
+msgid "could not create temporary file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:213
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create temporary file '%s': %s"
+msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:188
+#: graph.c:97
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s': %s"
+msgid "ignore invalid color '%.*s' in log.graphColors"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: grep.c:1718
+#: grep.c:2020
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: grep.c:1735
+#: grep.c:2037 setup.c:164 builtin/clone.c:409 builtin/diff.c:81
+#: builtin/rm.c:134
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': %s"
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: grep.c:1746
+#: grep.c:2048
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': short read %s"
+msgid "'%s': short read"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:23
+msgid "start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:24
+msgid "work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:25
+msgid "examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:26
+msgid "grow, mark and tweak your common history"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:27
+msgid "collaborate (see also: git help workflows)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:31
+msgid "Main Porcelain Commands"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:32
+msgid "Ancillary Commands / Manipulators"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:33
+msgid "Ancillary Commands / Interrogators"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:34
+msgid "Interacting with Others"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:35
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Manipulators"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:36
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Interrogators"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:37
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Synching Repositories"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:38
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Internal Helpers"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: help.c:207
+#: help.c:293
 #, c-format
 msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: help.c:214
+#: help.c:300
 msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: help.c:230
-msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
+#: help.c:309
+msgid "These are common Git commands used in various situations:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:358 git.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported command listing type '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:405
+msgid "The common Git guides are:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: help.c:289
+#: help.c:467
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
 "able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: help.c:346
+#: help.c:526
 msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: help.c:368
+#: help.c:548
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
-"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
+msgid "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:553
+#, c-format
+msgid "Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: help.c:373
+#: help.c:558
 #, c-format
-msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
+msgid "Continuing in %0.1f seconds, assuming that you meant '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: help.c:380
+#: help.c:566
 #, c-format
 msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: help.c:384 help.c:444
+#: help.c:570
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar command is"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar commands are"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: help.c:585
+msgid "git version [<options>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:652
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s - %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:656
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Did you mean this?"
@@ -599,450 +2011,1016 @@ msgid_plural ""
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: help.c:440
+#: ident.c:342
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"*** Please tell me who you are.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"\n"
+"to set your account's default identity.\n"
+"Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ident.c:366
+msgid "no email was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ident.c:371
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: %s - %s"
+msgid "unable to auto-detect email address (got '%s')"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ident.c:381
+msgid "no name was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ident.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to auto-detect name (got '%s')"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lockfile.c:283
-msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that is still open"
+#: ident.c:395
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty ident name (for <%s>) not allowed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ident.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "name consists only of disallowed characters: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ident.c:416 builtin/commit.c:587
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid date format: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:36
+msgid "multiple filter-specs cannot be combined"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lockfile.c:285
-msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that has been committed"
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:126
+msgid "cannot change partial clone promisor remote"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge.c:41
+#: lockfile.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to create '%s.lock': %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another git process seems to be running in this repository, e.g.\n"
+"an editor opened by 'git commit'. Please make sure all processes\n"
+"are terminated then try again. If it still fails, a git process\n"
+"may have crashed in this repository earlier:\n"
+"remove the file manually to continue."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lockfile.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to create '%s.lock': %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge.c:71
 msgid "failed to read the cache"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge.c:94 builtin/checkout.c:374 builtin/checkout.c:580
-#: builtin/clone.c:662
+#: merge.c:136 builtin/am.c:1946 builtin/am.c:1980 builtin/checkout.c:378
+#: builtin/checkout.c:606 builtin/clone.c:761
 msgid "unable to write new index file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:189
-#, c-format
+#: merge-recursive.c:298
 msgid "(bad commit)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:209
+#: merge-recursive.c:320
 #, c-format
-msgid "addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'"
+msgid "add_cacheinfo failed for path '%s'; merge aborting."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:270
+#: merge-recursive.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "add_cacheinfo failed to refresh for path '%s'; merge aborting."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:410
 msgid "error building trees"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:688
+#: merge-recursive.c:881
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create path '%s'%s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:699
+#: merge-recursive.c:892
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:713 merge-recursive.c:734
+#: merge-recursive.c:906 merge-recursive.c:925
 msgid ": perhaps a D/F conflict?"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:724
+#: merge-recursive.c:915
 #, c-format
 msgid "refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:764
+#: merge-recursive.c:957 builtin/cat-file.c:37
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read object %s '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:766
+#: merge-recursive.c:959
 #, c-format
 msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:789 builtin/clone.c:321
+#: merge-recursive.c:983
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgid "failed to open '%s': %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:797
+#: merge-recursive.c:994
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to symlink '%s'"
+msgid "failed to symlink '%s': %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:800
+#: merge-recursive.c:999
 #, c-format
 msgid "do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:938
+#: merge-recursive.c:1186
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (not checked out)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1193
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (commits not present)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (commits don't follow merge-base)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1208 merge-recursive.c:1220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding submodule %s to the following commit:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1211 merge-recursive.c:1223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding submodule %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1245
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (merge following commits not found)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1249
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (not fast-forward)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1250
+msgid "Found a possible merge resolution for the submodule:\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1253
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If this is correct simply add it to the index for example\n"
+"by using:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n"
+"\n"
+"which will accept this suggestion.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1262
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (multiple merges found)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1321
 msgid "Failed to execute internal merge"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:942
+#: merge-recursive.c:1326
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add %s to database"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:958
-msgid "unsupported object type in the tree"
+#: merge-recursive.c:1358
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto-merging %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1033 merge-recursive.c:1047
+#: merge-recursive.c:1423
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error: Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; writing to %s instead."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1475
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
 "in tree."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1039 merge-recursive.c:1052
+#: merge-recursive.c:1480
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1487
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
 "in tree at %s."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1093
+#: merge-recursive.c:1492
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1526
 msgid "rename"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1093
+#: merge-recursive.c:1526
 msgid "renamed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1149
+#: merge-recursive.c:1580 merge-recursive.c:1736 merge-recursive.c:2368
+#: merge-recursive.c:3086
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1171
+#: merge-recursive.c:1599
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; adding as %s instead"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1625
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" rename \"%s"
 "\"->\"%s\" in \"%s\"%s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1176
+#: merge-recursive.c:1630
 msgid " (left unresolved)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1230
+#: merge-recursive.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename %s->%s in %s. Rename %s->%s in %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1260
+#: merge-recursive.c:1733
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1459
+#: merge-recursive.c:1745
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose untracked file at %s, even though it's in the way."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1951
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (directory rename split): Unclear where to place %s because "
+"directory %s was renamed to multiple other directories, with no destination "
+"getting a majority of the files."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1983
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Existing file/dir at %s in the way of "
+"implicit directory rename(s) putting the following path(s) there: %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1993
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Cannot map more than one path to %s; "
+"implicit directory renames tried to put these paths there: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2085
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename directory %s->%s in %s. Rename directory %s-"
+">%s in %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2330
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"WARNING: Avoiding applying %s -> %s rename to %s, because %s itself was "
+"renamed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2736
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. %s added in %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1469
+#: merge-recursive.c:2751
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding merged %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1474 merge-recursive.c:1672
+#: merge-recursive.c:2758 merge-recursive.c:3089
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding as %s instead"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1525
+#: merge-recursive.c:2914
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read object %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1528
+#: merge-recursive.c:2917
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s is not a blob"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1576
+#: merge-recursive.c:2986
 msgid "modify"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1576
+#: merge-recursive.c:2986
 msgid "modified"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1586
+#: merge-recursive.c:2997
 msgid "content"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1593
+#: merge-recursive.c:3004
 msgid "add/add"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1627
+#: merge-recursive.c:3046
 #, c-format
 msgid "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1641
-#, c-format
-msgid "Auto-merging %s"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: merge-recursive.c:1645 git-submodule.sh:1150
+#: merge-recursive.c:3055 git-submodule.sh:895
 msgid "submodule"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1646
+#: merge-recursive.c:3056
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1732
+#: merge-recursive.c:3178
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1757
+#: merge-recursive.c:3204
 msgid "file/directory"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1763
+#: merge-recursive.c:3210
 msgid "directory/file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1768
+#: merge-recursive.c:3217
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. Adding %s as %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1778
+#: merge-recursive.c:3226
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1795
-msgid "Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."
+#: merge-recursive.c:3267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot merge (dirty: %s)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1814
-msgid "Already up-to-date!"
+#: merge-recursive.c:3271
+msgid "Already up to date!"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1823
+#: merge-recursive.c:3280
 #, c-format
 msgid "merging of trees %s and %s failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1853
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unprocessed path??? %s"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: merge-recursive.c:1898
+#: merge-recursive.c:3379
 msgid "Merging:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1911
+#: merge-recursive.c:3392
 #, c-format
 msgid "found %u common ancestor:"
 msgid_plural "found %u common ancestors:"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1948
+#: merge-recursive.c:3431
 msgid "merge returned no commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2005
+#: merge-recursive.c:3495
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2016 builtin/merge.c:667
+#: merge-recursive.c:3511 builtin/merge.c:659 builtin/merge.c:816
 msgid "Unable to write index."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: notes-utils.c:41
+#: notes-merge.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your previous notes merge (%s exists).\n"
+"Please, use 'git notes merge --commit' or 'git notes merge --abort' to "
+"commit/abort the previous merge before you start a new notes merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: notes-merge.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "You have not concluded your notes merge (%s exists)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: notes-utils.c:43
 msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: notes-utils.c:82
+#: notes-utils.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: notes-utils.c:92
+#: notes-utils.c:112
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
-#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
-#: notes-utils.c:119
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of
+#. the environment variable, the second %s is
+#. its value.
+#.
+#: notes-utils.c:142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: object.c:241
+#: object.c:242
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse object: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: parse-options.c:546
+#: packfile.c:563
+msgid "offset before end of packfile (broken .idx?)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: packfile.c:1742
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset before start of pack index for %s (corrupt index?)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: packfile.c:1746
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset beyond end of pack index for %s (truncated index?)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: parse-options.c:621
 msgid "..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: parse-options.c:564
+#: parse-options.c:640
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
-#. one in "usage: %s" translation
-#: parse-options.c:568
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation.
+#.
+#: parse-options.c:646
 #, c-format
 msgid "   or: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: parse-options.c:571
+#: parse-options.c:649
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: parse-options.c:605
+#: parse-options.c:688
 msgid "-NUM"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: pathspec.c:133
+#: parse-options-cb.c:44
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed expiration date '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: parse-options-cb.c:112
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: path.c:892
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: pathspec.c:129
+msgid "Escape character '\\' not allowed as last character in attr value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: pathspec.c:147
+msgid "Only one 'attr:' specification is allowed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: pathspec.c:150
+msgid "attr spec must not be empty"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: pathspec.c:193
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid attribute name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: pathspec.c:258
 msgid "global 'glob' and 'noglob' pathspec settings are incompatible"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: pathspec.c:143
+#: pathspec.c:265
 msgid ""
 "global 'literal' pathspec setting is incompatible with all other global "
 "pathspec settings"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: pathspec.c:177
+#: pathspec.c:305
 msgid "invalid parameter for pathspec magic 'prefix'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: pathspec.c:183
+#: pathspec.c:326
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid pathspec magic '%.*s' in '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: pathspec.c:187
+#: pathspec.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing ')' at the end of pathspec magic in '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: pathspec.c:205
+#: pathspec.c:369
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unimplemented pathspec magic '%c' in '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: pathspec.c:230
+#: pathspec.c:428
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: 'literal' and 'glob' are incompatible"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: pathspec.c:241
+#: pathspec.c:441
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: '%s' is outside repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: pathspec.c:291
+#: pathspec.c:515
 #, c-format
-msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgid "'%s' (mnemonic: '%c')"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: pathspec.c:353
+#: pathspec.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: pathspec magic not supported by this command: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: pathspec.c:432
+#: pathspec.c:592
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: pathspec.c:441
-msgid ""
-"There is nothing to exclude from by :(exclude) patterns.\n"
-"Perhaps you forgot to add either ':/' or '.' ?"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: pretty.c:968
+#: pretty.c:962
 msgid "unable to parse --pretty format"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: progress.c:225
-msgid "done"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: read-cache.c:1267
+#: read-cache.c:1500
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "index.version set, but the value is invalid.\n"
 "Using version %i"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: read-cache.c:1277
+#: read-cache.c:1510
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "GIT_INDEX_VERSION set, but the value is invalid.\n"
 "Using version %i"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: remote.c:782
+#: read-cache.c:2404 sequencer.c:4338 wrapper.c:658 builtin/merge.c:1048
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not close '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: read-cache.c:2477 sequencer.c:2102 sequencer.c:3234
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: read-cache.c:2490
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open git dir: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: read-cache.c:2502
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to unlink: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: refs.c:732 sequencer.c:4334 sequencer.c:4393 wrapper.c:225 wrapper.c:395
+#: builtin/am.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: refs.c:1880
+msgid "ref updates forbidden inside quarantine environment"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1191
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove reference %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1205 refs/packed-backend.c:1531
+#: refs/packed-backend.c:1541
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete reference %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1208 refs/packed-backend.c:1544
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete references: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:35 wt-status.c:1850
+msgid "gone"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:37
+#, c-format
+msgid "behind %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:38
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d, behind %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(color:<color>)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized color: %%(color:%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:lstrip=%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:rstrip=%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(%s) argument: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(body) does not take arguments"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(subject) does not take arguments"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown %%(trailers) argument: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:264
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected contents:lines=%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:266
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(contents) argument: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:281
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected objectname:short=%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:285
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(objectname) argument: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(align:<width>,<position>)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:327
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized position:%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:334
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized width:%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(align) argument: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:351
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive width expected with the %%(align) atom"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:369
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(if) argument: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:464
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed field name: %.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:491
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown field name: %.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:608
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(if) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:673
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used more than once"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:675
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used after %%(else)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:703
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:705
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:707
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used more than once"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:722
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom used without corresponding atom"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed format string %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1387
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1390
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing detached HEAD %s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1393
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached at " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1401
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached at %s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached from " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1408
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached from %s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1412
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1442
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing object %s for %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1445
+#, c-format
+msgid "parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1902
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1984
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring ref with broken name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1989
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring broken ref %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2261
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom missing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2365
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:605
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot fetch both %s and %s to %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: remote.c:786
+#: remote.c:609
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s usually tracks %s, not %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: remote.c:790
+#: remote.c:613
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s tracks both %s and %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: remote.c:798
+#: remote.c:621
 msgid "Internal error"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: remote.c:1980
+#: remote.c:1534 remote.c:1635
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:1543
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:1546
+#, c-format
+msgid "no upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:1552
+#, c-format
+msgid "upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:1567
+#, c-format
+msgid "push destination '%s' on remote '%s' has no local tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:1579
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' has no remote for pushing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:1589
+#, c-format
+msgid "push refspecs for '%s' do not include '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:1602
+msgid "push has no destination (push.default is 'nothing')"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:1624
+msgid "cannot resolve 'simple' push to a single destination"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:1939
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is based on '%s', but the upstream is gone.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: remote.c:1984
+#: remote.c:1943
 msgid "  (use \"git branch --unset-upstream\" to fixup)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: remote.c:1987
+#: remote.c:1946
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is up to date with '%s'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:1950
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch and '%s' refer to different commits.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:1953
 #, c-format
-msgid "Your branch is up-to-date with '%s'.\n"
+msgid "  (use \"%s\" for details)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: remote.c:1991
+#: remote.c:1957
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
 msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: remote.c:1997
+#: remote.c:1963
 msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: remote.c:2000
+#: remote.c:1966
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgid_plural ""
@@ -1050,11 +3028,11 @@ msgid_plural ""
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: remote.c:2008
+#: remote.c:1974
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: remote.c:2011
+#: remote.c:1977
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
@@ -1065,270 +3043,938 @@ msgid_plural ""
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: remote.c:2021
+#: remote.c:1987
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: run-command.c:87
+#: revision.c:2289
+msgid "your current branch appears to be broken"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: revision.c:2292
+#, c-format
+msgid "your current branch '%s' does not have any commits yet"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: revision.c:2489
+msgid "--first-parent is incompatible with --bisect"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: run-command.c:728
 msgid "open /dev/null failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: run-command.c:89
+#: run-command.c:1271
 #, c-format
-msgid "dup2(%d,%d) failed"
+msgid ""
+"The '%s' hook was ignored because it's not set as executable.\n"
+"You can disable this warning with `git config advice.ignoredHook false`."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: send-pack.c:141
+msgid "unexpected flush packet while reading remote unpack status"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: send-pack.c:143
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse remote unpack status: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: send-pack.c:268
+#: send-pack.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote unpack failed: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: send-pack.c:308
 msgid "failed to sign the push certificate"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: send-pack.c:325
+#: send-pack.c:421
 msgid "the receiving end does not support --signed push"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:172 builtin/merge.c:782 builtin/merge.c:893 builtin/merge.c:995
-#: builtin/merge.c:1005
+#: send-pack.c:423
+msgid ""
+"not sending a push certificate since the receiving end does not support --"
+"signed push"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: send-pack.c:435
+msgid "the receiving end does not support --atomic push"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: send-pack.c:440
+msgid "the receiving end does not support push options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:175
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgid "invalid commit message cleanup mode '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:174 builtin/merge.c:344 builtin/merge.c:785 builtin/merge.c:997
-#: builtin/merge.c:1010
+#: sequencer.c:275
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
+msgid "could not delete '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:301
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:303
+msgid "cherry-pick"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:195
+#: sequencer.c:305
+msgid "rebase -i"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:307
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown action: %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:364
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:198
+#: sequencer.c:367
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
 "and commit the result with 'git commit'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:211 sequencer.c:856 sequencer.c:939
+#: sequencer.c:380 sequencer.c:2468
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lock '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:382 sequencer.c:2346 sequencer.c:2472 sequencer.c:2486
+#: sequencer.c:2694 sequencer.c:4336 sequencer.c:4399 wrapper.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write eol to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:392 sequencer.c:2351 sequencer.c:2474 sequencer.c:2488
+#: sequencer.c:2702
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to %s"
+msgid "failed to finalize '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:214
+#: sequencer.c:415 sequencer.c:804 sequencer.c:1493 sequencer.c:2371
+#: sequencer.c:2684 sequencer.c:2788 builtin/am.c:259 builtin/commit.c:727
+#: builtin/merge.c:1046
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:229
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
+#: sequencer.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "your local changes would be overwritten by %s."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:231
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
+#: sequencer.c:445
+msgid "commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:234
-msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+#: sequencer.c:474
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: fast-forward"
 msgstr ""
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
-#: sequencer.c:321
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert", "cherry-pick" or
+#. "rebase -i".
+#.
+#: sequencer.c:563
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:339
-msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
+#: sequencer.c:579
+msgid "unable to update cache tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:592
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:749
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you have staged changes in your working tree\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:818
+msgid "writing root commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1043
+msgid "'prepare-commit-msg' hook failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1050
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
+"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
+"your configuration file:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1063
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1103
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1105
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1151
+msgid "unable to resolve HEAD after creating commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1153
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1157
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1178
+msgid "could not parse HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1180
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1184 builtin/commit.c:1528
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1235 sequencer.c:1832
+msgid "unable to parse commit author"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1245 builtin/am.c:1630 builtin/merge.c:645
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1262 sequencer.c:1317
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read commit message from '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1284 builtin/am.c:1650 builtin/commit.c:1631 builtin/merge.c:825
+#: builtin/merge.c:850
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:359
-msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
+#: sequencer.c:1344
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1349
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse parent commit %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:406
+#: sequencer.c:1500 sequencer.c:1525
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
+msgid "This is a combination of %d commits."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:411
+#: sequencer.c:1510 sequencer.c:4355
+msgid "need a HEAD to fixup"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1512 sequencer.c:2729
+msgid "could not read HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1514
+msgid "could not read HEAD's commit message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1520
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
+msgid "cannot write '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:477
-msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
+#: sequencer.c:1527 git-rebase--interactive.sh:457
+msgid "This is the 1st commit message:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:496
+#: sequencer.c:1535
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgid "could not read commit message of %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:504
+#: sequencer.c:1542
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgid "This is the commit message #%d:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:508
+#: sequencer.c:1548
 #, c-format
-msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgid "The commit message #%d will be skipped:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
-#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
-#: sequencer.c:521
+#: sequencer.c:1553
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command: %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1631
+msgid "your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1638
+msgid "cannot fixup root commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1657
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1665
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1669
+#, c-format
+msgid "mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1675
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be a "todo" command like
+#. "revert" or "pick", the second %s a SHA1.
+#: sequencer.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:525
+#: sequencer.c:1759
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgid "could not rename '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:611
+#: sequencer.c:1813
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:612
+#: sequencer.c:1814
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:648
+#: sequencer.c:1864
 msgid "empty commit set passed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:656
+#: sequencer.c:1874
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:660
+#: sequencer.c:1881
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:720
+#: sequencer.c:1961
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
+msgid "%s does not accept arguments: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:742
+#: sequencer.c:1970
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse line %d."
+msgid "missing arguments for %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:747
-msgid "No commits parsed."
+#: sequencer.c:2029
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid line %d: %.*s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:760
+#: sequencer.c:2037
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open %s"
+msgid "cannot '%s' without a previous commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:764
+#: sequencer.c:2085 sequencer.c:4138 sequencer.c:4173
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not read %s."
+msgid "could not read '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2108
+msgid "please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:771
+#: sequencer.c:2110
 #, c-format
-msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
+msgid "unusable instruction sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2115
+msgid "no commits parsed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2126
+msgid "cannot cherry-pick during a revert."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2128
+msgid "cannot revert during a cherry-pick."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:801
+#: sequencer.c:2195
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid key: %s"
+msgid "invalid key: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:804
+#: sequencer.c:2198
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgid "invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2269
+msgid "unusable squash-onto"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:816
+#: sequencer.c:2285
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
+msgid "malformed options sheet: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:837
+#: sequencer.c:2323
 msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:838
+#: sequencer.c:2324
 msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:842
+#: sequencer.c:2327
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
+msgid "could not create sequencer directory '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:858 sequencer.c:943
-#, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
+#: sequencer.c:2341
+msgid "could not lock HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:877 sequencer.c:1013
+#: sequencer.c:2396 sequencer.c:3403
 msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:879
+#: sequencer.c:2398
 msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:881
+#: sequencer.c:2400 sequencer.c:2435
 msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:903 builtin/apply.c:4128
+#: sequencer.c:2421 builtin/grep.c:720
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:906
+#: sequencer.c:2423
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
+msgid "cannot read '%s': %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:907
+#: sequencer.c:2424
 msgid "unexpected end of file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:913
+#: sequencer.c:2430
 #, c-format
 msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:936
+#: sequencer.c:2441
+msgid "You seem to have moved HEAD. Not rewinding, check your HEAD!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2545 sequencer.c:3321
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2583 sequencer.c:3301
+msgid "cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2618 sequencer.c:2622 builtin/difftool.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2641
+msgid "could not read index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2646
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution failed: %s\n"
+"%sYou can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2652
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2658
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution succeeded: %s\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2771
+msgid "writing fake root commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2776
+msgid "writing squash-onto"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2811
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to find tree of %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2829
+msgid "could not write index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2861
+msgid "cannot merge without a current revision"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2884
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2906
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get commit message of '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2916 sequencer.c:2941
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3005
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not even attempt to merge '%.*s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3021
+msgid "merge: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3088
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied autostash.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3100
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot store %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3103 git-rebase.sh:188
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
+"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
+"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not execute the todo command\n"
+"\n"
+"    %.*s\n"
+"It has been rescheduled; To edit the command before continuing, please\n"
+"edit the todo list first:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --edit-todo\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3202
+#, c-format
+msgid "Stopped at %s...  %.*s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3264
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3309
+msgid "could not read orig-head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3314 sequencer.c:4352
+msgid "could not read 'onto'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3328
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update HEAD to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3414
+msgid "cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3423
+msgid "cannot amend non-existing commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3425
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not format %s."
+msgid "invalid file: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:1081
+#: sequencer.c:3427
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid contents: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3430
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please, commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3455 sequencer.c:3493
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write file: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3508
+msgid "could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3515
+msgid "could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3612
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:1084
+#: sequencer.c:3616
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: bad revision"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:1118
-msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
+#: sequencer.c:3649
+msgid "can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:4098
+msgid "make_script: unhandled options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:4101
+msgid "make_script: error preparing revisions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:4142 sequencer.c:4177
+#, c-format
+msgid "unusable todo list: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:4236
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unrecognized setting %s for option rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Ignoring."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:4302
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: some commits may have been dropped accidentally.\n"
+"Dropped commits (newer to older):\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:4309
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"To avoid this message, use \"drop\" to explicitly remove a commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Use 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' to change the level of "
+"warnings.\n"
+"The possible behaviours are: ignore, warn, error.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:4321
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You can fix this with 'git rebase --edit-todo' and then run 'git rebase --"
+"continue'.\n"
+"Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:4375
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:4490
+msgid "the script was already rearranged."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is outside repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:172
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s: no such path in the working tree.\n"
+"Use 'git <command> -- <path>...' to specify paths that do not exist locally."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' must come before non-option arguments"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:253
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:389
+msgid "unable to set up work tree using invalid config"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:393
+msgid "this operation must be run in a work tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:503
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:511
+msgid "unknown repository extensions found:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "error opening '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "too large to be a .git file: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:534
+#, c-format
+msgid "error reading %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:536
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid gitfile format: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:538
+#, c-format
+msgid "no path in gitfile: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:540
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "'$%s' too big"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:653
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:682 setup.c:684 setup.c:715
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:1119
-msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
+#: setup.c:687 setup.c:743 setup.c:753 setup.c:792 setup.c:800 setup.c:815
+msgid "cannot come back to cwd"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sha1_name.c:440
+#: setup.c:813
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:824
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%*s%s%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:1054
+msgid "Unable to read current working directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:1066 setup.c:1072
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot change to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:1085
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not a git repository (or any parent up to mount point %s)\n"
+"Stopping at filesystem boundary (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM not set)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:1168
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"problem with core.sharedRepository filemode value (0%.3o).\n"
+"The owner of files must always have read and write permissions."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:1211
+msgid "open /dev/null or dup failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:1226
+msgid "fork failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: setup.c:1231
+msgid "setsid failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sha1-file.c:625
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sha1-file.c:651
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' as a linked checkout is not supported yet."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sha1-file.c:657
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sha1-file.c:663
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sha1-file.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sha1-name.c:442
+#, c-format
+msgid "short SHA1 %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sha1-name.c:453
+msgid "The candidates are:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sha1-name.c:695
 msgid ""
 "Git normally never creates a ref that ends with 40 hex characters\n"
 "because it will be ignored when you just specify 40-hex. These refs\n"
@@ -1341,463 +3987,863 @@ msgid ""
 "running \"git config advice.objectNameWarning false\""
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1068
-msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+#: submodule.c:97 submodule.c:131
+msgid "Cannot change unmerged .gitmodules, resolve merge conflicts first"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1071
+#: submodule.c:101 submodule.c:135
 #, c-format
-msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
+msgid "Could not find section in .gitmodules where path=%s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1073
+#: submodule.c:109
 #, c-format
-msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgid "Could not update .gitmodules entry %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1077
+#: submodule.c:142
 #, c-format
-msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgid "Could not remove .gitmodules entry for %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: submodule.c:64 submodule.c:98
-msgid "Cannot change unmerged .gitmodules, resolve merge conflicts first"
+#: submodule.c:153
+msgid "staging updated .gitmodules failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: submodule.c:68 submodule.c:102
+#: submodule.c:315
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not find section in .gitmodules where path=%s"
+msgid "in unpopulated submodule '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: submodule.c:76
+#: submodule.c:346
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not update .gitmodules entry %s"
+msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: submodule.c:109
+#: submodule.c:837
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove .gitmodules entry for %s"
+msgid "submodule entry '%s' (%s) is a %s, not a commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: submodule.c:120
-msgid "staging updated .gitmodules failed"
+#: submodule.c:1069 builtin/branch.c:651 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1743
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: submodule.c:1375
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' not recognized as a git repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: submodule.c:1513
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not start 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: submodule.c:1526
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not run 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: submodule.c:1619
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' has dirty index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: submodule.c:1718
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"relocate_gitdir for submodule '%s' with more than one worktree not supported"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: submodule.c:1730 submodule.c:1786
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup name for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: submodule.c:1734 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1261
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: submodule.c:1737
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Migrating git directory of '%s%s' from\n"
+"'%s' to\n"
+"'%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: submodule.c:1821
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: submodule.c:1865
+msgid "could not start ls-files in .."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: submodule.c:1111 builtin/init-db.c:371
+#: submodule.c:1904
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create git link %s"
+msgid "ls-tree returned unexpected return code %d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: submodule.c:1122
+#: submodule-config.c:230
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not set core.worktree in %s"
+msgid "ignoring suspicious submodule name: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: submodule-config.c:294
+msgid "negative values not allowed for submodule.fetchjobs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: trailer.c:500 trailer.c:504 trailer.c:508 trailer.c:562 trailer.c:566
-#: trailer.c:570
+#: submodule-config.c:467
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid value for %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: trailer.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "running trailer command '%s' failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: trailer.c:485 trailer.c:490 trailer.c:495 trailer.c:549 trailer.c:553
+#: trailer.c:557
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: trailer.c:552 trailer.c:557 builtin/remote.c:290
+#: trailer.c:539 trailer.c:544 builtin/remote.c:293
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than one %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: trailer.c:590
+#: trailer.c:730
 #, c-format
 msgid "empty trailer token in trailer '%.*s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: trailer.c:710
+#: trailer.c:750
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read input file '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: trailer.c:713
+#: trailer.c:753
 msgid "could not read from stdin"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: unpack-trees.c:202
+#: trailer.c:1008 builtin/am.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: trailer.c:1010
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not a regular file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: trailer.c:1012
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not writable by user"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: trailer.c:1024
+msgid "could not open temporary file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: trailer.c:1064
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not rename temporary file to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: transport.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would set upstream of '%s' to '%s' of '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: transport.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid "transport: invalid depth option '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: transport.c:584
+msgid "could not parse transport.color.* config"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: transport.c:996
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following submodule paths contain changes that can\n"
+"not be found on any remote:\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: transport.c:1000
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Please try\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"or cd to the path and use\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"to push them to a remote.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: transport.c:1008
+msgid "Aborting."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: transport-helper.c:1087
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read ref %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: tree-walk.c:31
+msgid "too-short tree object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: tree-walk.c:37
+msgid "malformed mode in tree entry"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: tree-walk.c:41
+msgid "empty filename in tree entry"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: tree-walk.c:113
+msgid "too-short tree file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:113
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Updating the following directories would lose untracked files in them:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:132
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:142
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:144
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:150
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:155
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:160
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:162
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid "Entry '%s' overlaps with '%s'.  Cannot bind."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update sparse checkout: the following entries are not up to date:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:175
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be overwritten by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be removed by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update submodule:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:344
 msgid "Checking out files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: urlmatch.c:120
+#: urlmatch.c:163
 msgid "invalid URL scheme name or missing '://' suffix"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: urlmatch.c:144 urlmatch.c:297 urlmatch.c:356
+#: urlmatch.c:187 urlmatch.c:346 urlmatch.c:405
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %XX escape sequence"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: urlmatch.c:172
+#: urlmatch.c:215
 msgid "missing host and scheme is not 'file:'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: urlmatch.c:189
+#: urlmatch.c:232
 msgid "a 'file:' URL may not have a port number"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: urlmatch.c:199
+#: urlmatch.c:247
 msgid "invalid characters in host name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: urlmatch.c:244 urlmatch.c:255
+#: urlmatch.c:292 urlmatch.c:303
 msgid "invalid port number"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: urlmatch.c:322
+#: urlmatch.c:371
 msgid "invalid '..' path segment"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wrapper.c:509
+#: worktree.c:245 builtin/am.c:2147
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
+msgid "failed to read '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wrapper.c:530
+#: worktree.c:291
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to access '%s'"
+msgid "'%s' at main working tree is not the repository directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: worktree.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' file does not contain absolute path to the working tree location"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: worktree.c:314
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not exist"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: worktree.c:320
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a .git file, error code %d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wrapper.c:541
+#: worktree.c:328
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
+msgid "'%s' does not point back to '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wrapper.c:542
-msgid "no such user"
+#: wrapper.c:223 wrapper.c:393
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading and writing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wrapper.c:227 wrapper.c:397 builtin/am.c:320 builtin/am.c:770
+#: builtin/am.c:862 builtin/merge.c:1043
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wrapper.c:424 wrapper.c:624
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wrapper.c:550
+#: wrapper.c:632
 msgid "unable to get current working directory"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:150
+#: wt-status.c:154
 msgid "Unmerged paths:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:177 wt-status.c:204
+#: wt-status.c:181 wt-status.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:179 wt-status.c:206
+#: wt-status.c:183 wt-status.c:210
 msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:183
+#: wt-status.c:187
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:185 wt-status.c:189
+#: wt-status.c:189 wt-status.c:193
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:187
+#: wt-status.c:191
 msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:198
+#: wt-status.c:202 wt-status.c:1015
 msgid "Changes to be committed:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:216
+#: wt-status.c:220 wt-status.c:1024
 msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:220
+#: wt-status.c:224
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:222
+#: wt-status.c:226
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:223
+#: wt-status.c:227
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:225
+#: wt-status.c:229
 msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:237
+#: wt-status.c:241
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:252
+#: wt-status.c:256
 msgid "both deleted:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:254
+#: wt-status.c:258
 msgid "added by us:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:256
+#: wt-status.c:260
 msgid "deleted by them:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:258
+#: wt-status.c:262
 msgid "added by them:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:260
+#: wt-status.c:264
 msgid "deleted by us:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:262
+#: wt-status.c:266
 msgid "both added:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:264
+#: wt-status.c:268
 msgid "both modified:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:266
-#, c-format
-msgid "bug: unhandled unmerged status %x"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: wt-status.c:274
+#: wt-status.c:278
 msgid "new file:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:276
+#: wt-status.c:280
 msgid "copied:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:278
+#: wt-status.c:282
 msgid "deleted:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:280
+#: wt-status.c:284
 msgid "modified:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:282
+#: wt-status.c:286
 msgid "renamed:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:284
+#: wt-status.c:288
 msgid "typechange:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:286
+#: wt-status.c:290
 msgid "unknown:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:288
+#: wt-status.c:292
 msgid "unmerged:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:370
+#: wt-status.c:372
 msgid "new commits, "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:372
+#: wt-status.c:374
 msgid "modified content, "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:374
+#: wt-status.c:376
 msgid "untracked content, "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:391
+#: wt-status.c:853
 #, c-format
-msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Your stash currently has %d entry"
+msgid_plural "Your stash currently has %d entries"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:758
+#: wt-status.c:885
 msgid "Submodules changed but not updated:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:760
+#: wt-status.c:887
 msgid "Submodule changes to be committed:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:839
+#: wt-status.c:969
 msgid ""
-"Do not touch the line above.\n"
-"Everything below will be removed."
+"Do not modify or remove the line above.\n"
+"Everything below it will be ignored."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:930
+#: wt-status.c:1084
 msgid "You have unmerged paths."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:933
+#: wt-status.c:1087
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:936
+#: wt-status.c:1089
+msgid "  (use \"git merge --abort\" to abort the merge)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1094
 msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:939
+#: wt-status.c:1097
 msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:949
+#: wt-status.c:1107
 msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:952
+#: wt-status.c:1110
 msgid "The current patch is empty."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:956
+#: wt-status.c:1114
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:958
+#: wt-status.c:1116
 msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:960
+#: wt-status.c:1118
 msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1020 wt-status.c:1037
+#: wt-status.c:1250
+msgid "git-rebase-todo is missing."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1252
+msgid "No commands done."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1255
+#, c-format
+msgid "Last command done (%d command done):"
+msgid_plural "Last commands done (%d commands done):"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1266
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (see more in file %s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1271
+msgid "No commands remaining."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "Next command to do (%d remaining command):"
+msgid_plural "Next commands to do (%d remaining commands):"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1282
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --edit-todo\" to view and edit)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1295
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1025 wt-status.c:1042
+#: wt-status.c:1300
 msgid "You are currently rebasing."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1028
+#: wt-status.c:1314
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1030
+#: wt-status.c:1316
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1032
+#: wt-status.c:1318
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1045
+#: wt-status.c:1324
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1049
+#: wt-status.c:1328
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1054
+#: wt-status.c:1333
 msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1057
+#: wt-status.c:1336
 msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1061
+#: wt-status.c:1340
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1066
+#: wt-status.c:1345
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1069
+#: wt-status.c:1348
 msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1071
+#: wt-status.c:1350
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1081
+#: wt-status.c:1360
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently cherry-picking commit %s."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1086
+#: wt-status.c:1365
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1089
+#: wt-status.c:1368
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1091
+#: wt-status.c:1370
 msgid "  (use \"git cherry-pick --abort\" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1100
+#: wt-status.c:1379
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently reverting commit %s."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1105
+#: wt-status.c:1384
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1108
+#: wt-status.c:1387
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1110
+#: wt-status.c:1389
 msgid "  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1121
+#: wt-status.c:1400
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1125
+#: wt-status.c:1404
 msgid "You are currently bisecting."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1128
+#: wt-status.c:1407
 msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1303
+#: wt-status.c:1604
 msgid "On branch "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1310
+#: wt-status.c:1610
+msgid "interactive rebase in progress; onto "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1612
 msgid "rebase in progress; onto "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1317
+#: wt-status.c:1617
 msgid "HEAD detached at "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1319
+#: wt-status.c:1619
 msgid "HEAD detached from "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1322
+#: wt-status.c:1622
 msgid "Not currently on any branch."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1339
+#: wt-status.c:1642
 msgid "Initial commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1353
+#: wt-status.c:1643
+msgid "No commits yet"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1657
 msgid "Untracked files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1355
+#: wt-status.c:1659
 msgid "Ignored files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1359
+#: wt-status.c:1663
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
@@ -1805,1527 +4851,1601 @@ msgid ""
 "new files yourself (see 'git help status')."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1365
+#: wt-status.c:1669
 #, c-format
 msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1367
+#: wt-status.c:1671
 msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1373
+#: wt-status.c:1677
 msgid "No changes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1378
+#: wt-status.c:1682
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1381
+#: wt-status.c:1685
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1384
+#: wt-status.c:1688
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
 "track)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1387
+#: wt-status.c:1691
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1390
+#: wt-status.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1393 wt-status.c:1398
+#: wt-status.c:1697 wt-status.c:1702
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1396
+#: wt-status.c:1700
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1400
+#: wt-status.c:1704
 #, c-format
-msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
+msgid "nothing to commit, working tree clean\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1509
-msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
+#: wt-status.c:1817
+msgid "No commits yet on "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1515
-msgid "Initial commit on "
+#: wt-status.c:1821
+msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1547
-msgid "gone"
+#: wt-status.c:1852
+msgid "different"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1549 wt-status.c:1557
+#: wt-status.c:1854 wt-status.c:1862
 msgid "behind "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:55 builtin/clone.c:360
+#: wt-status.c:1857 wt-status.c:1860
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the action is e.g. "pull with rebase"
+#: wt-status.c:2366
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:2372
+msgid "additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:2374
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:442
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:22
-msgid "git add [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+#: builtin/add.c:24
+msgid "git add [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:65
+#: builtin/add.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:70 builtin/commit.c:275
+#: builtin/add.c:88 builtin/commit.c:266
 msgid "updating files failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:80
+#: builtin/add.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "remove '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:134
+#: builtin/add.c:173
 msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:194 builtin/rev-parse.c:785
+#: builtin/add.c:233 builtin/rev-parse.c:892
 msgid "Could not read the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:205
+#: builtin/add.c:244
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:209
+#: builtin/add.c:248
 msgid "Could not write patch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:214
+#: builtin/add.c:251
+msgid "editing patch failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:254
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:216
+#: builtin/add.c:256
 msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:221
+#: builtin/add.c:261
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:231
+#: builtin/add.c:269
 msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:248 builtin/clean.c:875 builtin/fetch.c:108 builtin/mv.c:110
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/push.c:499 builtin/remote.c:1372
-#: builtin/rm.c:269
+#: builtin/add.c:289 builtin/clean.c:911 builtin/fetch.c:145 builtin/mv.c:123
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/pull.c:212 builtin/push.c:557
+#: builtin/remote.c:1342 builtin/rm.c:240 builtin/send-pack.c:165
 msgid "dry run"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:249 builtin/apply.c:4415 builtin/check-ignore.c:19
-#: builtin/commit.c:1326 builtin/count-objects.c:63 builtin/fsck.c:608
-#: builtin/log.c:1617 builtin/mv.c:109 builtin/read-tree.c:114
-msgid "be verbose"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/add.c:251
+#: builtin/add.c:292
 msgid "interactive picking"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:252 builtin/checkout.c:1126 builtin/reset.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:293 builtin/checkout.c:1135 builtin/reset.c:302
 msgid "select hunks interactively"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:253
+#: builtin/add.c:294
 msgid "edit current diff and apply"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:254
+#: builtin/add.c:295
 msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:255
+#: builtin/add.c:296
 msgid "update tracked files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:256
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "renormalize EOL of tracked files (implies -u)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:298
 msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:257
+#: builtin/add.c:299
 msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:260
+#: builtin/add.c:302
 msgid "ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:262
+#: builtin/add.c:304
 msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:263
+#: builtin/add.c:305
 msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:264
+#: builtin/add.c:306
 msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:286
-#, c-format
-msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
+#: builtin/add.c:307 builtin/update-index.c:974
+msgid "(+/-)x"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:293
-msgid "adding files failed"
+#: builtin/add.c:307 builtin/update-index.c:975
+msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:329
-msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
+#: builtin/add.c:309
+msgid "warn when adding an embedded repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:336
-msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
+#: builtin/add.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You've added another git repository inside your current repository.\n"
+"Clones of the outer repository will not contain the contents of\n"
+"the embedded repository and will not know how to obtain it.\n"
+"If you meant to add a submodule, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If you added this path by mistake, you can remove it from the\n"
+"index with:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"See \"git help submodule\" for more information."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:357
+#: builtin/add.c:352
 #, c-format
-msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
+msgid "adding embedded git repository: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:358
+#: builtin/add.c:370
 #, c-format
-msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
+msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:363 builtin/check-ignore.c:172 builtin/clean.c:919
-#: builtin/commit.c:333 builtin/mv.c:130 builtin/reset.c:235 builtin/rm.c:299
-msgid "index file corrupt"
+#: builtin/add.c:378
+msgid "adding files failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:446 builtin/apply.c:4510 builtin/mv.c:279 builtin/rm.c:431
-msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+#: builtin/add.c:416
+msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:58
-msgid "git apply [options] [<patch>...]"
+#: builtin/add.c:423
+msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:111
+#: builtin/add.c:427
 #, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgid "--chmod param '%s' must be either -x or +x"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:126
+#: builtin/add.c:442
 #, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:826
+#: builtin/add.c:443
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:835
-#, c-format
-msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+#: builtin/add.c:448 builtin/check-ignore.c:177 builtin/checkout.c:280
+#: builtin/checkout.c:483 builtin/clean.c:958 builtin/commit.c:325
+#: builtin/diff-tree.c:114 builtin/mv.c:144 builtin/reset.c:241
+#: builtin/rm.c:270 builtin/submodule--helper.c:328
+msgid "index file corrupt"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:916
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:414
+msgid "could not parse author script"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:948
+#: builtin/am.c:498
 #, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgid "'%s' was deleted by the applypatch-msg hook"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:952
+#: builtin/am.c:539
 #, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:953
+#: builtin/am.c:576
 #, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:960
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:602
+msgid "fseek failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1423
+#: builtin/am.c:790
 #, c-format
-msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgid "could not parse patch '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1480
-#, c-format
-msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+#: builtin/am.c:855
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1497
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
-"component (line %d)"
-msgid_plural ""
-"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
-"components (line %d)"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:1657
-msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+#: builtin/am.c:903
+msgid "invalid timestamp"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1659
-msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+#: builtin/am.c:908 builtin/am.c:920
+msgid "invalid Date line"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1685
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:915
+msgid "invalid timezone offset"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1721
-#, c-format
-msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+#: builtin/am.c:1008
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1723
+#: builtin/am.c:1013 builtin/clone.c:407
 #, c-format
-msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1726
-#, c-format
-msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+#: builtin/am.c:1018
+msgid "Failed to split patches."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1872
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1148 builtin/commit.c:351
+msgid "unable to write index file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1901
+#: builtin/am.c:1162
 #, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgid "When you have resolved this problem, run \"%s --continue\"."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2052
+#: builtin/am.c:1163
 #, c-format
-msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgid "If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"%s --skip\" instead."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2142
+#: builtin/am.c:1164
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgid "To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"%s --abort\"."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2146
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1271
+msgid "Patch is empty."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2754
+#: builtin/am.c:1337
 #, c-format
-msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgid "invalid ident line: %.*s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2872
+#: builtin/am.c:1359
 #, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
-msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgid "unable to parse commit %s"
+msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2884
-#, c-format
-msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:1554
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2890
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"while searching for:\n"
-"%.*s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1556
+msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2909
-#, c-format
-msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+#: builtin/am.c:1575
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3010
-#, c-format
-msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+#: builtin/am.c:1581
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3016
-#, c-format
-msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+#: builtin/am.c:1606
+msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3037
-#, c-format
-msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+#: builtin/am.c:1637
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3161
+#: builtin/am.c:1683 builtin/am.c:1687
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgid "cannot resume: %s does not exist."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3206 builtin/apply.c:3215 builtin/apply.c:3260
-#, c-format
-msgid "read of %s failed"
+#: builtin/am.c:1703
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3240 builtin/apply.c:3462
-#, c-format
-msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+#: builtin/am.c:1708
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3321 builtin/apply.c:3476
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#.
+#: builtin/am.c:1718
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all: "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3325 builtin/apply.c:3468 builtin/apply.c:3490
+#: builtin/am.c:1768
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: %s"
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: %s)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3330 builtin/apply.c:3484
+#: builtin/am.c:1808 builtin/am.c:1879
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgid "Applying: %.*s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3432
-msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+#: builtin/am.c:1824
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3501
+#: builtin/am.c:1832
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgid "Patch failed at %s %.*s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3503
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+#: builtin/am.c:1838
+msgid "Use 'git am --show-current-patch' to see the failed patch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3604
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+#: builtin/am.c:1882
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3607
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+#: builtin/am.c:1889
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index.\n"
+"You should 'git add' each file with resolved conflicts to mark them as "
+"such.\n"
+"You might run `git rm` on a file to accept \"deleted by them\" for it."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3627
+#: builtin/am.c:1996 builtin/am.c:2000 builtin/am.c:2012 builtin/reset.c:324
+#: builtin/reset.c:332
 #, c-format
-msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3632
-#, c-format
-msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:2048
+msgid "failed to clean index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3640
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+#: builtin/am.c:2083
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3653
+#: builtin/am.c:2174
 #, c-format
-msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgid "Invalid value for --patch-format: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3746 builtin/checkout.c:231 builtin/reset.c:135
-#, c-format
-msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+#: builtin/am.c:2210
+msgid "git am [<options>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3889
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+#: builtin/am.c:2211
+msgid "git am [<options>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3918
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:2217
+msgid "run interactively"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3922
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+#: builtin/am.c:2219
+msgid "historical option -- no-op"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3927
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:2221
+msgid "allow fall back on 3way merging if needed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3930 builtin/apply.c:4038
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:2222 builtin/init-db.c:484 builtin/prune-packed.c:57
+#: builtin/repack.c:192
+msgid "be quiet"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3963
-#, c-format
-msgid "closing file '%s'"
+#: builtin/am.c:2224
+msgid "add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4012
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+#: builtin/am.c:2227
+msgid "recode into utf8 (default)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4099
-#, c-format
-msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+#: builtin/am.c:2229
+msgid "pass -k flag to git-mailinfo"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4107
-msgid "internal error"
+#: builtin/am.c:2231
+msgid "pass -b flag to git-mailinfo"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4110
-#, c-format
-msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
-msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4120
-#, c-format
-msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+#: builtin/am.c:2233
+msgid "pass -m flag to git-mailinfo"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4141
-#, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+#: builtin/am.c:2235
+msgid "pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit for mbox format"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4144
-#, c-format
-msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+#: builtin/am.c:2238
+msgid "do not pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit independent of am.keepcr"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4234
-msgid "unrecognized input"
+#: builtin/am.c:2241
+msgid "strip everything before a scissors line"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4245
-msgid "unable to read index file"
+#: builtin/am.c:2243 builtin/am.c:2246 builtin/am.c:2249 builtin/am.c:2252
+#: builtin/am.c:2255 builtin/am.c:2258 builtin/am.c:2261 builtin/am.c:2264
+#: builtin/am.c:2270
+msgid "pass it through git-apply"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4362 builtin/apply.c:4365 builtin/clone.c:92
-#: builtin/fetch.c:93
-msgid "path"
+#: builtin/am.c:2260 builtin/commit.c:1332 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:668 builtin/grep.c:853 builtin/merge.c:208
+#: builtin/pull.c:150 builtin/pull.c:208 builtin/repack.c:201
+#: builtin/repack.c:205 builtin/repack.c:207 builtin/show-branch.c:631
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:169 builtin/tag.c:383 parse-options.h:144
+#: parse-options.h:146 parse-options.h:258
+msgid "n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4363
-msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+#: builtin/am.c:2266 builtin/branch.c:632 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38
+#: builtin/replace.c:543 builtin/tag.c:419 builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4366
-msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+#: builtin/am.c:2267
+msgid "format the patch(es) are in"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4368
-msgid "num"
+#: builtin/am.c:2273
+msgid "override error message when patch failure occurs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4369
-msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+#: builtin/am.c:2275
+msgid "continue applying patches after resolving a conflict"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4372
-msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+#: builtin/am.c:2278
+msgid "synonyms for --continue"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4374
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+#: builtin/am.c:2281
+msgid "skip the current patch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4378
-msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+#: builtin/am.c:2284
+msgid "restore the original branch and abort the patching operation."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4380
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+#: builtin/am.c:2287
+msgid "abort the patching operation but keep HEAD where it is."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4382
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+#: builtin/am.c:2290
+msgid "show the patch being applied."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4384
-msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+#: builtin/am.c:2294
+msgid "lie about committer date"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4386
-msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+#: builtin/am.c:2296
+msgid "use current timestamp for author date"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4388
-msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+#: builtin/am.c:2298 builtin/commit.c:1468 builtin/merge.c:239
+#: builtin/pull.c:183 builtin/revert.c:112 builtin/tag.c:399
+msgid "key-id"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4390
-msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+#: builtin/am.c:2299
+msgid "GPG-sign commits"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4392
-msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+#: builtin/am.c:2302
+msgid "(internal use for git-rebase)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4394 builtin/checkout-index.c:198 builtin/ls-files.c:455
-msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+#: builtin/am.c:2320
+msgid ""
+"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4397
-msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+#: builtin/am.c:2327
+msgid "failed to read the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4398
-msgid "action"
+#: builtin/am.c:2342
+#, c-format
+msgid "previous rebase directory %s still exists but mbox given."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4399
-msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+#: builtin/am.c:2366
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Stray %s directory found.\n"
+"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4402 builtin/apply.c:4405
-msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+#: builtin/am.c:2372
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4408
-msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+#: builtin/apply.c:8
+msgid "git apply [<options>] [<patch>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4410
-msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+#: builtin/archive.c:17
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create archive file '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4412
-msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+#: builtin/archive.c:20
+msgid "could not redirect output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4414
-msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+#: builtin/archive.c:37
+msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4417
-msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+#: builtin/archive.c:58
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4420
-msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+#: builtin/archive.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4422
-msgid "root"
+#: builtin/archive.c:64
+msgid "git archive: protocol error"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4423
-msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+#: builtin/archive.c:68
+msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4445
-msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:12
+msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4453
-msgid "--index outside a repository"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:13
+msgid "git bisect--helper --write-terms <bad_term> <good_term>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4456
-msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:14
+msgid "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4472
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:46
 #, c-format
-msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid term"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4486
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:50
 #, c-format
-msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
-msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgid "can't use the builtin command '%s' as a term"
+msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4492 builtin/apply.c:4502
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:60
 #, c-format
-msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
-msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgid "can't change the meaning of the term '%s'"
+msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:17
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not create archive file '%s'"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:71
+msgid "please use two different terms"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:20
-msgid "could not redirect output"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:78
+msgid "could not open the file BISECT_TERMS"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:37
-msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:120
+msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:58
-msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:122
+msgid "write the terms to .git/BISECT_TERMS"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:61
-#, c-format
-msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:124
+msgid "cleanup the bisection state"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:63
-#, c-format
-msgid "remote error: %s"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:126
+msgid "check for expected revs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:64
-msgid "git archive: protocol error"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:128
+msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:68
-msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:143
+msgid "--write-terms requires two arguments"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:7
-msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:147
+msgid "--bisect-clean-state requires no arguments"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:17
-msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
+#: builtin/blame.c:29
+msgid "git blame [<options>] [<rev-opts>] [<rev>] [--] <file>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:19
-msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
+#: builtin/blame.c:34
+msgid "<rev-opts> are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:404
+#, c-format
+msgid "expecting a color: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:30
-msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
+#: builtin/blame.c:411
+msgid "must end with a color"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:35
-msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+#: builtin/blame.c:697
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid color '%s' in color.blame.repeatedLines"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2501
+#: builtin/blame.c:715
+msgid "invalid value for blame.coloring"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:786
 msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2502
+#: builtin/blame.c:787
 msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2503
+#: builtin/blame.c:788
 msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2504
+#: builtin/blame.c:789
 msgid "Show work cost statistics"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2505
+#: builtin/blame.c:790
+msgid "Force progress reporting"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:791
 msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2506
+#: builtin/blame.c:792
 msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2507
+#: builtin/blame.c:793
 msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2508
+#: builtin/blame.c:794
 msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2509
+#: builtin/blame.c:795
 msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2510
+#: builtin/blame.c:796
 msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2511
+#: builtin/blame.c:797
 msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2512
+#: builtin/blame.c:798
 msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2513
+#: builtin/blame.c:799
 msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2514
+#: builtin/blame.c:800
 msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2515
+#: builtin/blame.c:801
 msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2516
+#: builtin/blame.c:802
+msgid "color redundant metadata from previous line differently"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:803
+msgid "color lines by age"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:810
+msgid "Use an experimental heuristic to improve diffs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:812
 msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2517
+#: builtin/blame.c:813
 msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2518
+#: builtin/blame.c:814
 msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2519 builtin/blame.c:2520
+#: builtin/blame.c:815 builtin/blame.c:816
 msgid "score"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2519
+#: builtin/blame.c:815
 msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2520
+#: builtin/blame.c:816
 msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2521
+#: builtin/blame.c:817
 msgid "n,m"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2521
+#: builtin/blame.c:817
 msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
 msgstr ""
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the maximum
-#. display width for a relative timestamp in "git blame"
-#. output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11 months ago", which
-#. takes 22 places, is the longest among various forms of
-#. relative timestamps, but your language may need more or
-#. fewer display columns.
-#: builtin/blame.c:2602
+#: builtin/blame.c:866
+msgid "--progress can't be used with --incremental or porcelain formats"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the
+#. maximum display width for a relative timestamp in
+#. "git blame" output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11
+#. months ago", which takes 22 places, is the longest
+#. among various forms of relative timestamps, but
+#. your language may need more or fewer display
+#. columns.
+#.
+#: builtin/blame.c:917
 msgid "4 years, 11 months ago"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:24
-msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+#: builtin/blame.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s has only %lu line"
+msgid_plural "file %s has only %lu lines"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:1049
+msgid "Blaming lines"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:25
-msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
+#: builtin/branch.c:27
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:26
-msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
+#: builtin/branch.c:28
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-l] [-f] <branch-name> [<start-point>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:27
-msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
+#: builtin/branch.c:29
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r] (-d | -D) <branch-name>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:30
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-m | -M) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:31
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-c | -C) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:32
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:33
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:152
+#: builtin/branch.c:146
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
 "         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:156
+#: builtin/branch.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
 "         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:170
+#: builtin/branch.c:164
 #, c-format
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:174
+#: builtin/branch.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
 "If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:187
+#: builtin/branch.c:181
 msgid "Update of config-file failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:215
+#: builtin/branch.c:212
 msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:221
+#: builtin/branch.c:218
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:229
+#: builtin/branch.c:232
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
+msgid "Cannot delete branch '%s' checked out at '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:245
+#: builtin/branch.c:247
 #, c-format
-msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
+msgid "remote-tracking branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:246
+#: builtin/branch.c:248
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:260
+#: builtin/branch.c:263
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
+msgid "Error deleting remote-tracking branch '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:261
+#: builtin/branch.c:264
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:268
+#: builtin/branch.c:271
 #, c-format
-msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgid "Deleted remote-tracking branch %s (was %s).\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:269
+#: builtin/branch.c:272
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:370
-#, c-format
-msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:459
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: gone]"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:464
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s]"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:469
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
+#: builtin/branch.c:416 builtin/tag.c:58
+msgid "unable to parse format string"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:471
+#: builtin/branch.c:453
 #, c-format
-msgid "[behind %d]"
+msgid "Branch %s is being rebased at %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:475
+#: builtin/branch.c:457
 #, c-format
-msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
+msgid "Branch %s is being bisected at %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:477
-#, c-format
-msgid "[ahead %d]"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:480
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:483
-#, c-format
-msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
+#: builtin/branch.c:474
+msgid "cannot copy the current branch while not on any."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:496
-msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:587
-#, c-format
-msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:590
-#, c-format
-msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:593
-#, c-format
-msgid "(detached from %s)"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:596
-msgid "(no branch)"
+#: builtin/branch.c:476
+msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:643
+#: builtin/branch.c:487
 #, c-format
-msgid "object '%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:691
-msgid "some refs could not be read"
+#: builtin/branch.c:514
+msgid "Branch rename failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:704
-msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
+#: builtin/branch.c:516
+msgid "Branch copy failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:714
+#: builtin/branch.c:520
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:729
-msgid "Branch rename failed"
+msgid "Created a copy of a misnamed branch '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:733
+#: builtin/branch.c:523
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:737
+#: builtin/branch.c:529
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:744
+#: builtin/branch.c:538
 msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:759
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name %s"
+#: builtin/branch.c:540
+msgid "Branch is copied, but update of config-file failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:783
+#: builtin/branch.c:556
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
+msgid ""
+"Please edit the description for the branch\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be stripped.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:813
+#: builtin/branch.c:589
 msgid "Generic options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:815
+#: builtin/branch.c:591
 msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:816
+#: builtin/branch.c:592
 msgid "suppress informational messages"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:817
+#: builtin/branch.c:593
 msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:819
-msgid "change upstream info"
+#: builtin/branch.c:595
+msgid "do not use"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
+msgid "upstream"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
+msgid "change the upstream info"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:598
+msgid "Unset the upstream info"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:823
+#: builtin/branch.c:599
 msgid "use colored output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:824
+#: builtin/branch.c:600
 msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:827 builtin/branch.c:833 builtin/branch.c:854
-#: builtin/branch.c:860 builtin/commit.c:1586 builtin/commit.c:1587
-#: builtin/commit.c:1588 builtin/commit.c:1589 builtin/tag.c:616
-#: builtin/tag.c:622
-msgid "commit"
+#: builtin/branch.c:602 builtin/branch.c:604
+msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:828 builtin/branch.c:834
-msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
+#: builtin/branch.c:603 builtin/branch.c:605
+msgid "print only branches that don't contain the commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:840
+#: builtin/branch.c:608
 msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:841
+#: builtin/branch.c:609
 msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:843
+#: builtin/branch.c:611
 msgid "delete fully merged branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:844
+#: builtin/branch.c:612
 msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:845
+#: builtin/branch.c:613
 msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:846
+#: builtin/branch.c:614
 msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:847
+#: builtin/branch.c:615
+msgid "copy a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:616
+msgid "copy a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:617
 msgid "list branch names"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:848
+#: builtin/branch.c:618
 msgid "create the branch's reflog"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:850
+#: builtin/branch.c:620
 msgid "edit the description for the branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:851
+#: builtin/branch.c:621
 msgid "force creation, move/rename, deletion"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:854
-msgid "print only not merged branches"
+#: builtin/branch.c:622
+msgid "print only branches that are merged"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:860
-msgid "print only merged branches"
+#: builtin/branch.c:623
+msgid "print only branches that are not merged"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:864
+#: builtin/branch.c:624
 msgid "list branches in columns"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:877
-msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+#: builtin/branch.c:625 builtin/for-each-ref.c:40 builtin/ls-remote.c:70
+#: builtin/tag.c:412
+msgid "key"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:626 builtin/for-each-ref.c:41 builtin/ls-remote.c:71
+#: builtin/tag.c:413
+msgid "field name to sort on"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:628 builtin/for-each-ref.c:43 builtin/notes.c:408
+#: builtin/notes.c:411 builtin/notes.c:571 builtin/notes.c:574
+#: builtin/tag.c:415
+msgid "object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:881 builtin/clone.c:637
+#: builtin/branch.c:629
+msgid "print only branches of the object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:631 builtin/for-each-ref.c:49 builtin/tag.c:422
+msgid "sorting and filtering are case insensitive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:632 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38 builtin/tag.c:420
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format to use for the output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:655 builtin/clone.c:737
 msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:903
+#: builtin/branch.c:678
 msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:914 builtin/branch.c:953
+#: builtin/branch.c:693 builtin/branch.c:745 builtin/branch.c:754
 msgid "branch name required"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:929
+#: builtin/branch.c:721
 msgid "Cannot give description to detached HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:934
+#: builtin/branch.c:726
 msgid "cannot edit description of more than one branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:941
+#: builtin/branch.c:733
 #, c-format
 msgid "No commit on branch '%s' yet."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:944
+#: builtin/branch.c:736
 #, c-format
 msgid "No branch named '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:959
-msgid "too many branches for a rename operation"
+#: builtin/branch.c:751
+msgid "too many branches for a copy operation"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:760
+msgid "too many arguments for a rename operation"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:964
-msgid "too many branches to set new upstream"
+#: builtin/branch.c:765
+msgid "too many arguments to set new upstream"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:968
+#: builtin/branch.c:769
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when it does not point to any branch."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:971 builtin/branch.c:993 builtin/branch.c:1014
+#: builtin/branch.c:772 builtin/branch.c:794 builtin/branch.c:810
 #, c-format
 msgid "no such branch '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:975
+#: builtin/branch.c:776
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:987
-msgid "too many branches to unset upstream"
+#: builtin/branch.c:788
+msgid "too many arguments to unset upstream"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:991
+#: builtin/branch.c:792
 msgid "could not unset upstream of HEAD when it does not point to any branch."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:997
+#: builtin/branch.c:798
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1011
-msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1017
+#: builtin/branch.c:813
 msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1020
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
-"track or --set-upstream-to\n"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1037
-#, c-format
+#: builtin/branch.c:816
 msgid ""
-"\n"
-"If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
-"\n"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1038
-#, c-format
-msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
+"the '--set-upstream' option is no longer supported. Please use '--track' or "
+"'--set-upstream-to' instead."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1039
-#, c-format
-msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#: builtin/bundle.c:45
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is okay\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+#: builtin/bundle.c:58
 msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+#: builtin/bundle.c:62
 msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:328
-msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:525
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <type> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<path>] <object>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:329
-msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:526
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:366
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:563
 msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:367
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:564
 msgid "show object type"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:368
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:565
 msgid "show object size"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:370
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:567
 msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:371
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:568
 msgid "pretty-print object's content"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:373
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:570
 msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:375
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:572
+msgid "for blob objects, run filters on object's content"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:573 git-submodule.sh:894
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:574
+msgid "use a specific path for --textconv/--filters"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:576
+msgid "allow -s and -t to work with broken/corrupt objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:577
+msgid "buffer --batch output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:579
 msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:378
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:582
 msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:11
-msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname..."
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:585
+msgid "follow in-tree symlinks (used with --batch or --batch-check)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:587
+msgid "show all objects with --batch or --batch-check"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/check-attr.c:12
-msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>"
+msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | <attr>...] [--] <pathname>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:19
-msgid "report all attributes set on file"
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:13
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/check-attr.c:20
+msgid "report all attributes set on file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21
 msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/check-ignore.c:22 builtin/hash-object.c:98
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:22 builtin/check-ignore.c:24 builtin/hash-object.c:100
 msgid "read file names from stdin"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:23 builtin/check-ignore.c:24
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:24 builtin/check-ignore.c:26
 msgid "terminate input and output records by a NUL character"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:18 builtin/checkout.c:1107 builtin/gc.c:274
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:20 builtin/checkout.c:1113 builtin/gc.c:500
 msgid "suppress progress reporting"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:26
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
 msgid "show non-matching input paths"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:30
 msgid "ignore index when checking"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:154
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
 msgid "cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:157
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:162
 msgid "-z only makes sense with --stdin"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:164
 msgid "no path specified"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:163
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
 msgid "--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:165
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:170
 msgid "cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:173
 msgid "--non-matching is only valid with --verbose"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:8
-msgid "git check-mailmap [options] <contact>..."
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:9
+msgid "git check-mailmap [<options>] <contact>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:13
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:14
 msgid "also read contacts from stdin"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:24
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:25
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse contact: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:47
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:48
 msgid "no contacts specified"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
-msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:128
+msgid "git checkout-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:143
+msgid "stage should be between 1 and 3 or all"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:188
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:159
 msgid "check out all files in the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:189
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:160
 msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:191
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:162
 msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:193
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:164
 msgid "don't checkout new files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:195
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:166
 msgid "update stat information in the index file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:201
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:170
 msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:203
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:172
 msgid "write the content to temporary files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:204 builtin/column.c:30
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:173 builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1216 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1219
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1227 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1591
+#: builtin/worktree.c:610
 msgid "string"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:205
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:174
 msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:208
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:176
 msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:25
-msgid "git checkout [options] <branch>"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:27
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] <branch>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:26
-msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
+#: builtin/checkout.c:28
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:132 builtin/checkout.c:165
+#: builtin/checkout.c:136 builtin/checkout.c:169
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:134 builtin/checkout.c:167
+#: builtin/checkout.c:138 builtin/checkout.c:171
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:150
+#: builtin/checkout.c:154
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:194
+#: builtin/checkout.c:198
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:211
+#: builtin/checkout.c:215
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:228
+#: builtin/checkout.c:231
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:249 builtin/checkout.c:252 builtin/checkout.c:255
-#: builtin/checkout.c:258
+#: builtin/checkout.c:253 builtin/checkout.c:256 builtin/checkout.c:259
+#: builtin/checkout.c:262
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:261 builtin/checkout.c:264
+#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:268
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:267
+#: builtin/checkout.c:271
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:278 builtin/checkout.c:467
-msgid "corrupt index file"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/checkout.c:338 builtin/checkout.c:345
+#: builtin/checkout.c:340 builtin/checkout.c:347
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:489
+#: builtin/checkout.c:506
 msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:615
+#: builtin/checkout.c:643
 #, c-format
-msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s': %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:653
+#: builtin/checkout.c:684
 msgid "HEAD is now at"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:660
+#: builtin/checkout.c:688 builtin/clone.c:691
+msgid "unable to update HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:692
 #, c-format
 msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:663
+#: builtin/checkout.c:695
 #, c-format
 msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:667
+#: builtin/checkout.c:699
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:669 builtin/checkout.c:1050
+#: builtin/checkout.c:701 builtin/checkout.c:1046
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:671
+#: builtin/checkout.c:703
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:723
+#: builtin/checkout.c:754
 #, c-format
 msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:729
+#: builtin/checkout.c:760
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
@@ -3340,161 +6460,177 @@ msgid_plural ""
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:747
+#: builtin/checkout.c:779
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
+"If you want to keep it by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgid_plural ""
 "If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
 "to do so with:\n"
 "\n"
-" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
 "\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:777
+#: builtin/checkout.c:811
 msgid "internal error in revision walk"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:781
+#: builtin/checkout.c:815
 msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:808 builtin/checkout.c:1045
+#: builtin/checkout.c:843 builtin/checkout.c:1041
 msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:952
+#: builtin/checkout.c:947
 #, c-format
 msgid "only one reference expected, %d given."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:991
+#: builtin/checkout.c:987 builtin/worktree.c:240 builtin/worktree.c:389
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid reference: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1020
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
 #, c-format
 msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1059
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1055
 msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1062 builtin/checkout.c:1066
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1058 builtin/checkout.c:1062
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1070 builtin/checkout.c:1073 builtin/checkout.c:1078
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1081
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1066 builtin/checkout.c:1069 builtin/checkout.c:1074
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1077
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1086
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1082
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1108 builtin/checkout.c:1110 builtin/clone.c:90
-#: builtin/remote.c:159 builtin/remote.c:161
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1114 builtin/checkout.c:1116 builtin/clone.c:118
+#: builtin/remote.c:167 builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/worktree.c:433
+#: builtin/worktree.c:435
 msgid "branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1109
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1115
 msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1111
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1117
 msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1112
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1118
 msgid "create reflog for new branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1113
-msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1119 builtin/worktree.c:437
+msgid "detach HEAD at named commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1114
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1120
 msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
 msgid "new-branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
 msgid "new unparented branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1117
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1123
 msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1119
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
 msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1121
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1127
 msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1129
 msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1123 builtin/merge.c:227
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1131 builtin/merge.c:241
 msgid "update ignored files (default)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1124 builtin/log.c:1239 parse-options.h:245
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1133 builtin/log.c:1499 parse-options.h:264
 msgid "style"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1134
 msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1128
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1137
 msgid "do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1130
-msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1139
+msgid "second guess 'git checkout <no-such-branch>'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1141
+msgid "do not check if another worktree is holding the given ref"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1153
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1145 builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/fetch.c:149
+#: builtin/merge.c:238 builtin/pull.c:128 builtin/push.c:572
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:174
+msgid "force progress reporting"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1175
 msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1170
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1192
 msgid "--track needs a branch name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1175
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1197
 msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1212
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1233
 msgid "invalid path specification"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1219
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1240
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
-"Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit and a branch '%s' cannot be created from it"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1224
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1244
 #, c-format
 msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1228
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1248
 msgid ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
 "checking out of the index."
@@ -3530,15 +6666,17 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "failed to remove %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:295
+#: builtin/clean.c:302 git-add--interactive.perl:579
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Prompt help:\n"
 "1          - select a numbered item\n"
 "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
-"           - (empty) select nothing"
+"           - (empty) select nothing\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:299
+#: builtin/clean.c:306 git-add--interactive.perl:588
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Prompt help:\n"
 "1          - select a single item\n"
@@ -3547,38 +6685,41 @@ msgid ""
 "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
 "-...       - unselect specified items\n"
 "*          - choose all items\n"
-"           - (empty) finish selecting"
+"           - (empty) finish selecting\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:517
-#, c-format
-msgid "Huh (%s)?"
+#: builtin/clean.c:522 git-add--interactive.perl:554
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:559
+#, c-format, perl-format
+msgid "Huh (%s)?\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:659
+#: builtin/clean.c:664
 #, c-format
 msgid "Input ignore patterns>> "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:696
+#: builtin/clean.c:701
 #, c-format
 msgid "WARNING: Cannot find items matched by: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:717
+#: builtin/clean.c:722
 msgid "Select items to delete"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:757
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to keep [y/N] as is
+#: builtin/clean.c:763
 #, c-format
-msgid "remove %s? "
+msgid "Remove %s [y/N]? "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:782
-msgid "Bye."
+#: builtin/clean.c:788 git-add--interactive.perl:1717
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bye.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:790
+#: builtin/clean.c:796
 msgid ""
 "clean               - start cleaning\n"
 "filter by pattern   - exclude items from deletion\n"
@@ -3589,369 +6730,418 @@ msgid ""
 "?                   - help for prompt selection"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:817
+#: builtin/clean.c:823 git-add--interactive.perl:1793
 msgid "*** Commands ***"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:818
+#: builtin/clean.c:824 git-add--interactive.perl:1790
 msgid "What now"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:826
+#: builtin/clean.c:832
 msgid "Would remove the following item:"
 msgid_plural "Would remove the following items:"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:843
+#: builtin/clean.c:848
 msgid "No more files to clean, exiting."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:874
+#: builtin/clean.c:910
 msgid "do not print names of files removed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:876
+#: builtin/clean.c:912
 msgid "force"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:877
+#: builtin/clean.c:913
 msgid "interactive cleaning"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:879
+#: builtin/clean.c:915
 msgid "remove whole directories"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:880 builtin/describe.c:407 builtin/grep.c:714
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:486 builtin/name-rev.c:311 builtin/show-ref.c:185
+#: builtin/clean.c:916 builtin/describe.c:533 builtin/describe.c:535
+#: builtin/grep.c:871 builtin/log.c:157 builtin/log.c:159
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:548 builtin/name-rev.c:397 builtin/name-rev.c:399
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
 msgid "pattern"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:881
+#: builtin/clean.c:917
 msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:882
+#: builtin/clean.c:918
 msgid "remove ignored files, too"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:884
+#: builtin/clean.c:920
 msgid "remove only ignored files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:902
+#: builtin/clean.c:938
 msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:906
+#: builtin/clean.c:942
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce set to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; refusing to "
 "clean"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:909
+#: builtin/clean.c:945
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; "
 "refusing to clean"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:37
-msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:66 builtin/fetch.c:112 builtin/merge.c:224
-#: builtin/push.c:514
-msgid "force progress reporting"
+#: builtin/clone.c:42
+msgid "git clone [<options>] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:68
+#: builtin/clone.c:87
 msgid "don't create a checkout"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:69 builtin/clone.c:71 builtin/init-db.c:496
+#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/clone.c:90 builtin/init-db.c:479
 msgid "create a bare repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:73
+#: builtin/clone.c:92
 msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:75
+#: builtin/clone.c:94
 msgid "to clone from a local repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:77
+#: builtin/clone.c:96
 msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:79
+#: builtin/clone.c:98
 msgid "setup as shared repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:81 builtin/clone.c:83
+#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/clone.c:104
+msgid "pathspec"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/clone.c:104
 msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:493
+#: builtin/clone.c:107
+msgid "number of submodules cloned in parallel"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:108 builtin/init-db.c:476
 msgid "template-directory"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/init-db.c:494
+#: builtin/clone.c:109 builtin/init-db.c:477
 msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:87
+#: builtin/clone.c:111 builtin/clone.c:113 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1223
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1594
 msgid "reference repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/clone.c:115 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1225
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1596
+msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:116 builtin/column.c:27 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3166 builtin/repack.c:213
 msgid "name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:89
+#: builtin/clone.c:117
 msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:91
+#: builtin/clone.c:119
 msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:93
+#: builtin/clone.c:121
 msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:94 builtin/fetch.c:113 builtin/grep.c:659
+#: builtin/clone.c:122 builtin/fetch.c:150 builtin/grep.c:813
+#: builtin/pull.c:216
 msgid "depth"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:95
+#: builtin/clone.c:123
 msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:97
+#: builtin/clone.c:124 builtin/fetch.c:152 builtin/pack-objects.c:3157
+#: parse-options.h:154
+msgid "time"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:125
+msgid "create a shallow clone since a specific time"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:126 builtin/fetch.c:154
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:127 builtin/fetch.c:155
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone, excluding rev"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:129
 msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:99
-msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
+#: builtin/clone.c:131
+msgid "don't clone any tags, and make later fetches not to follow them"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/init-db.c:502
+#: builtin/clone.c:133
+msgid "any cloned submodules will be shallow"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:134 builtin/init-db.c:485
 msgid "gitdir"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:101 builtin/init-db.c:503
+#: builtin/clone.c:135 builtin/init-db.c:486
 msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:102
+#: builtin/clone.c:136
 msgid "key=value"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:103
+#: builtin/clone.c:137
 msgid "set config inside the new repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:256
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
+#: builtin/clone.c:138 builtin/fetch.c:173 builtin/pull.c:229
+#: builtin/push.c:583
+msgid "use IPv4 addresses only"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:260
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
+#: builtin/clone.c:140 builtin/fetch.c:175 builtin/pull.c:232
+#: builtin/push.c:585
+msgid "use IPv6 addresses only"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:263
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
+#: builtin/clone.c:278
+msgid ""
+"No directory name could be guessed.\n"
+"Please specify a directory on the command line"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:325
+#: builtin/clone.c:331
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgid "info: Could not add alternate for '%s': %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:327 builtin/diff.c:84
+#: builtin/clone.c:403
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:329
+#: builtin/clone.c:411
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:343
+#: builtin/clone.c:425
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:365
+#: builtin/clone.c:447
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:369
+#: builtin/clone.c:451
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:392 builtin/clone.c:566
+#: builtin/clone.c:477
 #, c-format
 msgid "done.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:404
+#: builtin/clone.c:491
 msgid ""
 "Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
 "You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
 "and retry the checkout with 'git checkout -f HEAD'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:481
+#: builtin/clone.c:568
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:561
-#, c-format
-msgid "Checking connectivity... "
+#: builtin/clone.c:663
+msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:564
-msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
+#: builtin/clone.c:679
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to update %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:628
+#: builtin/clone.c:728
 msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:659
+#: builtin/clone.c:758
 msgid "unable to checkout working tree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:746
+#: builtin/clone.c:803
+msgid "unable to write parameters to config file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:866
 msgid "cannot repack to clean up"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:748
+#: builtin/clone.c:868
 msgid "cannot unlink temporary alternates file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:778
+#: builtin/clone.c:907 builtin/receive-pack.c:1947
 msgid "Too many arguments."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:782
+#: builtin/clone.c:911
 msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:793
+#: builtin/clone.c:924
 #, c-format
 msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:796
+#: builtin/clone.c:927
 msgid "--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:809
+#: builtin/clone.c:940
 #, c-format
 msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:815 builtin/fetch.c:1155
+#: builtin/clone.c:946 builtin/fetch.c:1460
 #, c-format
 msgid "depth %s is not a positive number"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:825
+#: builtin/clone.c:956
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:835
+#: builtin/clone.c:966
 #, c-format
 msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:848 builtin/clone.c:860
+#: builtin/clone.c:981 builtin/clone.c:1002 builtin/difftool.c:270
+#: builtin/worktree.c:246 builtin/worktree.c:276
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:851
+#: builtin/clone.c:986
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:870
+#: builtin/clone.c:1006
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:872
+#: builtin/clone.c:1008
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:897
-msgid "--dissociate given, but there is no --reference"
+#: builtin/clone.c:1032
+msgid ""
+"clone --recursive is not compatible with both --reference and --reference-if-"
+"able"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:912
+#: builtin/clone.c:1093
 msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:915
-msgid "source repository is shallow, ignoring --local"
+#: builtin/clone.c:1095
+msgid "--shallow-since is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:920
-msgid "--local is ignored"
+#: builtin/clone.c:1097
+msgid "--shallow-exclude is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:924
-#, c-format
-msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
+#: builtin/clone.c:1099
+msgid "--filter is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1102
+msgid "source repository is shallow, ignoring --local"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1107
+msgid "--local is ignored"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:975 builtin/clone.c:983
+#: builtin/clone.c:1169 builtin/clone.c:1177
 #, c-format
 msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:986
+#: builtin/clone.c:1180
 msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/column.c:9
-msgid "git column [options]"
+#: builtin/column.c:10
+msgid "git column [<options>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/column.c:26
+#: builtin/column.c:27
 msgid "lookup config vars"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/column.c:27 builtin/column.c:28
+#: builtin/column.c:28 builtin/column.c:29
 msgid "layout to use"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/column.c:29
+#: builtin/column.c:30
 msgid "Maximum width"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/column.c:30
+#: builtin/column.c:31
 msgid "Padding space on left border"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/column.c:32
 msgid "Padding space on right border"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/column.c:32
+#: builtin/column.c:33
 msgid "Padding space between columns"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -3960,50 +7150,21 @@ msgid "--command must be the first argument"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:37
-msgid "git commit [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgid "git commit [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:42
-msgid "git status [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgid "git status [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:47
 msgid ""
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
-"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
-"your configuration file:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global --edit\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:60
-msgid ""
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:72
-msgid ""
 "You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
 "it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
 "remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:77
+#: builtin/commit.c:52
 msgid ""
 "The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
 "If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
@@ -4012,11 +7173,11 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:84
+#: builtin/commit.c:59
 msgid "Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:87
+#: builtin/commit.c:62
 msgid ""
 "If you wish to skip this commit, use:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -4026,112 +7187,98 @@ msgid ""
 "the remaining commits.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:302
+#: builtin/commit.c:293
 msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:342
+#: builtin/commit.c:334
 msgid "unable to create temporary index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:348
+#: builtin/commit.c:340
 msgid "interactive add failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:359
-msgid "unable to write index file"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:361
+#: builtin/commit.c:353
 msgid "unable to update temporary index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:363
+#: builtin/commit.c:355
 msgid "Failed to update main cache tree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:387 builtin/commit.c:412 builtin/commit.c:461
+#: builtin/commit.c:380 builtin/commit.c:403 builtin/commit.c:449
 msgid "unable to write new_index file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:443
+#: builtin/commit.c:432
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:445
+#: builtin/commit.c:434
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:454
+#: builtin/commit.c:442
 msgid "cannot read the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:473
+#: builtin/commit.c:461
 msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:584
+#: builtin/commit.c:558
 #, c-format
 msgid "commit '%s' lacks author header"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:586
+#: builtin/commit.c:560
 #, c-format
 msgid "commit '%s' has malformed author line"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:605
+#: builtin/commit.c:579
 msgid "malformed --author parameter"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:613
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid date format: %s"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:657
+#: builtin/commit.c:631
 msgid ""
 "unable to select a comment character that is not used\n"
 "in the current commit message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:694 builtin/commit.c:727 builtin/commit.c:1084
+#: builtin/commit.c:668 builtin/commit.c:701 builtin/commit.c:1029
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:706 builtin/shortlog.c:273
+#: builtin/commit.c:680 builtin/shortlog.c:316
 #, c-format
 msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:708
+#: builtin/commit.c:682
 msgid "could not read log from standard input"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:712
+#: builtin/commit.c:686
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:734
-msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:738
+#: builtin/commit.c:715 builtin/commit.c:723
 msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:742
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not read '%s'"
+#: builtin/commit.c:720
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:789
+#: builtin/commit.c:774
 msgid "could not write commit template"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:807
+#: builtin/commit.c:792
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -4141,7 +7288,7 @@ msgid ""
 "and try again.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:812
+#: builtin/commit.c:797
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -4151,14 +7298,14 @@ msgid ""
 "and try again.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:825
+#: builtin/commit.c:810
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
 "with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:832
+#: builtin/commit.c:818
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
@@ -4166,2376 +7313,2788 @@ msgid ""
 "An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:852
+#: builtin/commit.c:835
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sAuthor:    %.*s <%.*s>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:860
+#: builtin/commit.c:843
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sDate:      %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:867
+#: builtin/commit.c:850
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sCommitter: %.*s <%.*s>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:885
+#: builtin/commit.c:867
 msgid "Cannot read index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:942
+#: builtin/commit.c:933
 msgid "Error building trees"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:957 builtin/tag.c:495
+#: builtin/commit.c:947 builtin/tag.c:257
 #, c-format
 msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1059
+#: builtin/commit.c:991
 #, c-format
-msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
+msgid "--author '%s' is not 'Name <email>' and matches no existing author"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1074 builtin/commit.c:1314
+#: builtin/commit.c:1005
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid ignored mode '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1019 builtin/commit.c:1269
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1111
+#: builtin/commit.c:1057
 msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1141
+#: builtin/commit.c:1090
 msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1150
+#: builtin/commit.c:1099
 msgid "You have nothing to amend."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1153
+#: builtin/commit.c:1102
 msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1155
+#: builtin/commit.c:1104
 msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1158
+#: builtin/commit.c:1107
 msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1168
+#: builtin/commit.c:1117
 msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1170
-msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+#: builtin/commit.c:1119
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1178
+#: builtin/commit.c:1127
 msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1195
+#: builtin/commit.c:1144
 msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1197
+#: builtin/commit.c:1146
 msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1199
-msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1201
-msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i or -o; assuming --only paths..."
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1213 builtin/tag.c:728
+#: builtin/commit.c:1160 builtin/tag.c:543
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1218
+#: builtin/commit.c:1165
 msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1328 builtin/commit.c:1608
+#: builtin/commit.c:1303 builtin/commit.c:1480
 msgid "show status concisely"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1330 builtin/commit.c:1610
+#: builtin/commit.c:1305 builtin/commit.c:1482
 msgid "show branch information"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1332 builtin/commit.c:1612 builtin/push.c:500
+#: builtin/commit.c:1307
+msgid "show stash information"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1309 builtin/commit.c:1484
+msgid "compute full ahead/behind values"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1311
+msgid "version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1311 builtin/commit.c:1486 builtin/push.c:558
+#: builtin/worktree.c:581
 msgid "machine-readable output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1335 builtin/commit.c:1614
+#: builtin/commit.c:1314 builtin/commit.c:1488
 msgid "show status in long format (default)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1338 builtin/commit.c:1617
+#: builtin/commit.c:1317 builtin/commit.c:1491
 msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1340 builtin/commit.c:1620 builtin/fast-export.c:980
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:983 builtin/tag.c:603
+#: builtin/commit.c:1319 builtin/commit.c:1323 builtin/commit.c:1494
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1001 builtin/fast-export.c:1004 builtin/tag.c:397
 msgid "mode"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1341 builtin/commit.c:1620
+#: builtin/commit.c:1320 builtin/commit.c:1494
 msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1344
-msgid "show ignored files"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1324
+msgid ""
+"show ignored files, optional modes: traditional, matching, no. (Default: "
+"traditional)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1345 parse-options.h:153
+#: builtin/commit.c:1326 parse-options.h:167
 msgid "when"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1346
+#: builtin/commit.c:1327
 msgid ""
 "ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Default: all)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1348
+#: builtin/commit.c:1329
 msgid "list untracked files in columns"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1435
-msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1437
-msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1330
+msgid "do not detect renames"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1482
-msgid "detached HEAD"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1332
+msgid "detect renames, optionally set similarity index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1485
-msgid " (root-commit)"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1352
+msgid "Unsupported combination of ignored and untracked-files arguments"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1578
+#: builtin/commit.c:1450
 msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1579
+#: builtin/commit.c:1451
 msgid "show diff in commit message template"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1581
+#: builtin/commit.c:1453
 msgid "Commit message options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1582 builtin/tag.c:601
+#: builtin/commit.c:1454 builtin/tag.c:394
 msgid "read message from file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1583
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
 msgid "author"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1583
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
 msgid "override author for commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1584 builtin/gc.c:275
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456 builtin/gc.c:501
 msgid "date"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1584
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456
 msgid "override date for commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1585 builtin/merge.c:218 builtin/notes.c:391
-#: builtin/notes.c:554 builtin/tag.c:599
+#: builtin/commit.c:1457 builtin/merge.c:228 builtin/notes.c:402
+#: builtin/notes.c:565 builtin/tag.c:392
 msgid "message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1585
+#: builtin/commit.c:1457
 msgid "commit message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1586
+#: builtin/commit.c:1458 builtin/commit.c:1459 builtin/commit.c:1460
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461 parse-options.h:270 ref-filter.h:92
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1458
 msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1587
+#: builtin/commit.c:1459
 msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1588
+#: builtin/commit.c:1460
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1589
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+#: builtin/commit.c:1462
 msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1591 builtin/log.c:1191 builtin/revert.c:86
+#: builtin/commit.c:1463 builtin/log.c:1446 builtin/merge.c:242
+#: builtin/pull.c:154 builtin/revert.c:105
 msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1592
+#: builtin/commit.c:1464
 msgid "use specified template file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1593
+#: builtin/commit.c:1465
 msgid "force edit of commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1594
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466
 msgid "default"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1594 builtin/tag.c:604
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466 builtin/tag.c:398
 msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1595
+#: builtin/commit.c:1467
 msgid "include status in commit message template"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1596 builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/revert.c:92
-#: builtin/tag.c:605
-msgid "key-id"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1597 builtin/merge.c:226 builtin/revert.c:93
+#: builtin/commit.c:1469 builtin/merge.c:240 builtin/pull.c:184
+#: builtin/revert.c:113
 msgid "GPG sign commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1600
+#: builtin/commit.c:1472
 msgid "Commit contents options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1601
+#: builtin/commit.c:1473
 msgid "commit all changed files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1602
+#: builtin/commit.c:1474
 msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1603
+#: builtin/commit.c:1475
 msgid "interactively add files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1604
+#: builtin/commit.c:1476
 msgid "interactively add changes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1605
+#: builtin/commit.c:1477
 msgid "commit only specified files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1606
-msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1478
+msgid "bypass pre-commit and commit-msg hooks"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1607
+#: builtin/commit.c:1479
 msgid "show what would be committed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1618
+#: builtin/commit.c:1492
 msgid "amend previous commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1619
+#: builtin/commit.c:1493
 msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1624
+#: builtin/commit.c:1498
 msgid "ok to record an empty change"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1626
+#: builtin/commit.c:1500
 msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1655
-msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1694 builtin/merge.c:519
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1701
+#: builtin/commit.c:1573
 #, c-format
 msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1708
+#: builtin/commit.c:1580
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1727
+#: builtin/commit.c:1599
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1738
-#, c-format
-msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1743
+#: builtin/commit.c:1610
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1758 builtin/merge.c:851 builtin/merge.c:876
-msgid "failed to write commit object"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1615
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1791
+#: builtin/commit.c:1650
 msgid ""
 "Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
 "new_index file. Check that disk is not full and quota is\n"
 "not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:8
-msgid "git config [options]"
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:9
+msgid "git commit-graph [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:10 builtin/commit-graph.c:16
+msgid "git commit-graph read [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:11 builtin/commit-graph.c:21
+msgid ""
+"git commit-graph write [--object-dir <objdir>] [--append] [--stdin-packs|--"
+"stdin-commits]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:39 builtin/commit-graph.c:92
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:147 builtin/fetch.c:161 builtin/log.c:1466
+msgid "dir"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:40 builtin/commit-graph.c:93
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:148
+msgid "The object directory to store the graph"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:95
+msgid "scan pack-indexes listed by stdin for commits"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:97
+msgid "start walk at commits listed by stdin"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:99
+msgid "include all commits already in the commit-graph file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:108
+msgid "cannot use both --stdin-commits and --stdin-packs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:10
+msgid "git config [<options>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:101
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized --type argument, %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:53
+#: builtin/config.c:123
 msgid "Config file location"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:54
+#: builtin/config.c:124
 msgid "use global config file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:55
+#: builtin/config.c:125
 msgid "use system config file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:56
+#: builtin/config.c:126
 msgid "use repository config file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:57
+#: builtin/config.c:127
 msgid "use given config file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:58
+#: builtin/config.c:128
 msgid "blob-id"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:58
+#: builtin/config.c:128
 msgid "read config from given blob object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:59
+#: builtin/config.c:129
 msgid "Action"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:60
+#: builtin/config.c:130
 msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:61
+#: builtin/config.c:131
 msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:62
+#: builtin/config.c:132
 msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:63
+#: builtin/config.c:133
 msgid "get value specific for the URL: section[.var] URL"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:64
+#: builtin/config.c:134
 msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:65
+#: builtin/config.c:135
 msgid "add a new variable: name value"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:66
+#: builtin/config.c:136
 msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:67
+#: builtin/config.c:137
 msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:68
+#: builtin/config.c:138
 msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:69
+#: builtin/config.c:139
 msgid "remove a section: name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:70
+#: builtin/config.c:140
 msgid "list all"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:71
+#: builtin/config.c:141
 msgid "open an editor"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:72
+#: builtin/config.c:142
 msgid "find the color configured: slot [default]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:73
+#: builtin/config.c:143
 msgid "find the color setting: slot [stdout-is-tty]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:74
+#: builtin/config.c:144
 msgid "Type"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:75
+#: builtin/config.c:145
+msgid "value is given this type"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:146
 msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:76
+#: builtin/config.c:147
 msgid "value is decimal number"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:77
+#: builtin/config.c:148
 msgid "value is --bool or --int"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:78
+#: builtin/config.c:149
 msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:79
+#: builtin/config.c:150
+msgid "value is an expiry date"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:151
 msgid "Other"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:80
+#: builtin/config.c:152
 msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:81
+#: builtin/config.c:153
+msgid "show variable names only"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:154
 msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:316
+#: builtin/config.c:155
+msgid "show origin of config (file, standard input, blob, command line)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:156
+msgid "value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:156
+msgid "with --get, use default value when missing entry"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:332
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to format default config value: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:431
 msgid "unable to parse default color value"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:457
+#: builtin/config.c:575
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "# This is Git's per-user configuration file.\n"
-"[core]\n"
+"[user]\n"
 "# Please adapt and uncomment the following lines:\n"
-"#\tuser = %s\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
 "#\temail = %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:589
+#: builtin/config.c:603
+msgid "--local can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:606
+msgid "--blob can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:735
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot create configuration file %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:55
+#: builtin/config.c:748
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"cannot overwrite multiple values with a single value\n"
+"       Use a regexp, --add or --replace-all to change %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:90
 msgid "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:65
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:100
 msgid "print sizes in human readable format"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:17
-msgid "git describe [options] <commit-ish>*"
+#: builtin/describe.c:22
+msgid "git describe [<options>] [<commit-ish>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:18
-msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
+#: builtin/describe.c:23
+msgid "git describe [<options>] --dirty"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:217
-#, c-format
-msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "head"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:221
-#, c-format
-msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "lightweight"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "annotated"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:223
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
 #, c-format
-msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
+msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:250 builtin/log.c:452
+#: builtin/describe.c:271
 #, c-format
-msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:253
+#: builtin/describe.c:273
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
+msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#: builtin/describe.c:317
 #, c-format
 msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:272
+#: builtin/describe.c:319
 #, c-format
-msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
+msgid "No exact match on refs or tags, searching to describe\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:319
+#: builtin/describe.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "finished search at %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:346
+#: builtin/describe.c:392
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 "However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:350
+#: builtin/describe.c:396
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 "Try --always, or create some tags."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:371
+#: builtin/describe.c:426
 #, c-format
 msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:374
+#: builtin/describe.c:429
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
 "gave up search at %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:396
+#: builtin/describe.c:497
+#, c-format
+msgid "describe %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:500 builtin/log.c:502
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:508
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is neither a commit nor blob"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:522
 msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:397
+#: builtin/describe.c:523
 msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:398
+#: builtin/describe.c:524
 msgid "use any ref"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:399
+#: builtin/describe.c:525
 msgid "use any tag, even unannotated"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:400
+#: builtin/describe.c:526
 msgid "always use long format"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:401
+#: builtin/describe.c:527
 msgid "only follow first parent"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:404
+#: builtin/describe.c:530
 msgid "only output exact matches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:406
+#: builtin/describe.c:532
 msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:408
+#: builtin/describe.c:534
 msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:410 builtin/name-rev.c:318
+#: builtin/describe.c:536
+msgid "do not consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:538 builtin/name-rev.c:406
 msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:411
+#: builtin/describe.c:539 builtin/describe.c:542
 msgid "mark"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:412
+#: builtin/describe.c:540
 msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:430
+#: builtin/describe.c:543
+msgid "append <mark> on broken working tree (default: \"-broken\")"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:561
 msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:456
+#: builtin/describe.c:590
 msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:476
+#: builtin/describe.c:640
 msgid "--dirty is incompatible with commit-ishes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:86
+#: builtin/describe.c:642
+msgid "--broken is incompatible with commit-ishes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:237
+#: builtin/diff.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid option: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:358
+#: builtin/diff.c:356
 msgid "Not a git repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:401
+#: builtin/diff.c:399
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:410
+#: builtin/diff.c:408
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:417
+#: builtin/diff.c:413
 #, c-format
 msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:24
+#: builtin/difftool.c:29
+msgid "git difftool [<options>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:259
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed: %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink file %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:311
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read object %s for symlink %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:412
+msgid ""
+"combined diff formats('-c' and '--cc') are not supported in\n"
+"directory diff mode('-d' and '--dir-diff')."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "both files modified: '%s' and '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:634
+msgid "working tree file has been left."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:645
+#, c-format
+msgid "temporary files exist in '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:646
+msgid "you may want to cleanup or recover these."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:695
+msgid "use `diff.guitool` instead of `diff.tool`"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:697
+msgid "perform a full-directory diff"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:699
+msgid "do not prompt before launching a diff tool"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:704
+msgid "use symlinks in dir-diff mode"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:705
+msgid "<tool>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:706
+msgid "use the specified diff tool"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:708
+msgid "print a list of diff tools that may be used with `--tool`"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:711
+msgid ""
+"make 'git-difftool' exit when an invoked diff tool returns a non - zero exit "
+"code"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:713
+msgid "<command>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:714
+msgid "specify a custom command for viewing diffs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:738
+msgid "no <tool> given for --tool=<tool>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:745
+msgid "no <cmd> given for --extcmd=<cmd>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:27
 msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:979
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1000
 msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:981
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1002
 msgid "select handling of signed tags"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:984
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1005
 msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:987
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1008
 msgid "Dump marks to this file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:989
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1010
 msgid "Import marks from this file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:991
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1012
 msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:993
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1014
 msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:995
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1016
 msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:996
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1017
 msgid "Skip output of blob data"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:997
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1018
 msgid "refspec"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:998
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1019
 msgid "Apply refspec to exported refs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:999
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1020
 msgid "anonymize output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:20
+#: builtin/fetch.c:26
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:21
+#: builtin/fetch.c:27
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:22
+#: builtin/fetch.c:28
 msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:23
+#: builtin/fetch.c:29
 msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:90
+#: builtin/fetch.c:123 builtin/pull.c:193
 msgid "fetch from all remotes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:92
+#: builtin/fetch.c:125 builtin/pull.c:196
 msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:94
+#: builtin/fetch.c:127 builtin/pull.c:199
 msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:95
+#: builtin/fetch.c:128 builtin/pull.c:201
 msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:97
+#: builtin/fetch.c:130
 msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:99
+#: builtin/fetch.c:132 builtin/pull.c:203
 msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:101
+#: builtin/fetch.c:134
 msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:103
+#: builtin/fetch.c:136
+msgid "number of submodules fetched in parallel"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:138 builtin/pull.c:206
 msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:104
+#: builtin/fetch.c:140
+msgid "prune local tags no longer on remote and clobber changed tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:141 builtin/fetch.c:164 builtin/pull.c:131
 msgid "on-demand"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:105
+#: builtin/fetch.c:142
 msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:109
+#: builtin/fetch.c:146 builtin/pull.c:214
 msgid "keep downloaded pack"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:111
+#: builtin/fetch.c:148
 msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:114
+#: builtin/fetch.c:151 builtin/fetch.c:157 builtin/pull.c:217
 msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:116
-msgid "convert to a complete repository"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:153
+msgid "deepen history of shallow repository based on time"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:118 builtin/log.c:1208
-msgid "dir"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:159 builtin/pull.c:220
+msgid "convert to a complete repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:119
+#: builtin/fetch.c:162
 msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:122
-msgid "default mode for recursion"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:165
+msgid ""
+"default for recursive fetching of submodules (lower priority than config "
+"files)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:124
+#: builtin/fetch.c:169 builtin/pull.c:223
 msgid "accept refs that update .git/shallow"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:125
+#: builtin/fetch.c:170 builtin/pull.c:225
 msgid "refmap"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:126
+#: builtin/fetch.c:171 builtin/pull.c:226
 msgid "specify fetch refmap"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:376
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/ls-remote.c:77 builtin/push.c:582
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:172
+msgid "server-specific"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/ls-remote.c:77 builtin/push.c:582
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:173
+msgid "option to transmit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:442
 msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:454
+#: builtin/fetch.c:560
+#, c-format
+msgid "configuration fetch.output contains invalid value %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:653
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s not found"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:459
+#: builtin/fetch.c:657
 msgid "[up to date]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:473
-#, c-format
-msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:670 builtin/fetch.c:750
+msgid "[rejected]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:474 builtin/fetch.c:560
-msgid "[rejected]"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:671
+msgid "can't fetch in current branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:485
+#: builtin/fetch.c:680
 msgid "[tag update]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:487 builtin/fetch.c:522 builtin/fetch.c:540
-msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:681 builtin/fetch.c:714 builtin/fetch.c:730
+#: builtin/fetch.c:745
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:505
+#: builtin/fetch.c:700
 msgid "[new tag]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:508
+#: builtin/fetch.c:703
 msgid "[new branch]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:511
+#: builtin/fetch.c:706
 msgid "[new ref]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:556
-msgid "unable to update local ref"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:556
+#: builtin/fetch.c:745
 msgid "forced update"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:562
-msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:595 builtin/fetch.c:828
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:750
+msgid "non-fast-forward"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:604
+#: builtin/fetch.c:795
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:622
+#: builtin/fetch.c:815
 #, c-format
 msgid "reject %s because shallow roots are not allowed to be updated"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:710 builtin/fetch.c:793
+#: builtin/fetch.c:903 builtin/fetch.c:999
 #, c-format
 msgid "From %.*s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:721
+#: builtin/fetch.c:914
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
 " 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:773
+#: builtin/fetch.c:969
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:774
+#: builtin/fetch.c:970
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:798
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1002
 msgid "[deleted]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:799 builtin/remote.c:1060
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1003 builtin/remote.c:1033
 msgid "(none)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:818
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1026
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:837
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1045
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:840
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1048
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:896
-#, c-format
-msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1058
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "Fetching %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1060 builtin/remote.c:90
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1289 builtin/remote.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not fetch %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1078
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1335 builtin/fetch.c:1503
+msgid ""
+"--filter can only be used with the remote configured in core.partialClone"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1358
 msgid ""
 "No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
 "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1101
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1395
 msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1143
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1444
+msgid "Negative depth in --deepen is not supported"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1446
+msgid "--deepen and --depth are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1451
 msgid "--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1145
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1453
 msgid "--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1168
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1469
 msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1170
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1471
 msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1181
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1480
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1189
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1487
 msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:13
-msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665 builtin/grep.c:698
-#: builtin/merge.c:198 builtin/repack.c:178 builtin/repack.c:182
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:657 builtin/show-ref.c:178 builtin/tag.c:590
-#: parse-options.h:132 parse-options.h:239
-msgid "n"
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <file>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:663
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
 msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
 msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:672
 msgid "text"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:670
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:673
 msgid "use <text> as start of message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:671
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:674
 msgid "file to read from"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:676
-msgid "unable to parse format"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:10
+msgid "git for-each-ref [<options>] [<pattern>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:11
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--points-at <object>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:12
+msgid "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1064
-msgid "git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:13
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--contains [<commit>]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1079
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:28
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1081
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:30
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1083
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:32
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1085
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:34
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for Tcl"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1088
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:37
 msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1089 builtin/replace.c:438
-msgid "format"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:39 builtin/tag.c:421
+msgid "respect format colors"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1089
-msgid "format to use for the output"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:43
+msgid "print only refs which points at the given object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1090
-msgid "key"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:45
+msgid "print only refs that are merged"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1091
-msgid "field name to sort on"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:46
+msgid "print only refs that are not merged"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:147 builtin/prune.c:136
-msgid "Checking connectivity"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:47
+msgid "print only refs which contain the commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:48
+msgid "print only refs which don't contain the commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:540
+#: builtin/fsck.c:569
 msgid "Checking object directories"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:603
-msgid "git fsck [options] [<object>...]"
+#: builtin/fsck.c:661
+msgid "git fsck [<options>] [<object>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:609
+#: builtin/fsck.c:667
 msgid "show unreachable objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:610
+#: builtin/fsck.c:668
 msgid "show dangling objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:611
+#: builtin/fsck.c:669
 msgid "report tags"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:612
+#: builtin/fsck.c:670
 msgid "report root nodes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:613
+#: builtin/fsck.c:671
 msgid "make index objects head nodes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:614
+#: builtin/fsck.c:672
 msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:615
+#: builtin/fsck.c:673
 msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:616
+#: builtin/fsck.c:674
+msgid "check only connectivity"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:675
 msgid "enable more strict checking"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:618
+#: builtin/fsck.c:677
 msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:619 builtin/prune.c:108
+#: builtin/fsck.c:678 builtin/prune.c:109
 msgid "show progress"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:669
+#: builtin/fsck.c:679
+msgid "show verbose names for reachable objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:745
 msgid "Checking objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:24
-msgid "git gc [options]"
+#: builtin/gc.c:33
+msgid "git gc [<options>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:79
+#: builtin/gc.c:88
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid gc.pruneexpire: '%s'"
+msgid "Failed to fstat %s: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:107
+#: builtin/gc.c:452
 #, c-format
-msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
+msgid "Can't stat %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:276
+#: builtin/gc.c:461
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The last gc run reported the following. Please correct the root cause\n"
+"and remove %s.\n"
+"Automatic cleanup will not be performed until the file is removed.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:502
 msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:278
+#: builtin/gc.c:504
 msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:279
+#: builtin/gc.c:505
 msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:280
+#: builtin/gc.c:508
 msgid "force running gc even if there may be another gc running"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:321
+#: builtin/gc.c:511
+msgid "repack all other packs except the largest pack"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:528
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to parse gc.logexpiry value %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:539
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to parse prune expiry value %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:559
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto packing the repository in background for optimum performance.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:323
+#: builtin/gc.c:561
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:324
+#: builtin/gc.c:562
 #, c-format
 msgid "See \"git help gc\" for manual housekeeping.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:342
+#: builtin/gc.c:598
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "gc is already running on machine '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> (use --force if not)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:364
+#: builtin/gc.c:645
 msgid ""
 "There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:23
-msgid "git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
+#: builtin/grep.c:28
+msgid "git grep [<options>] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:218
+#: builtin/grep.c:226
 #, c-format
 msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:441 builtin/grep.c:476
+#: builtin/grep.c:284
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d) for %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:491
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s is the configuration
+#. variable for tweaking threads, currently
+#. grep.threads
+#.
+#: builtin/grep.c:293 builtin/index-pack.c:1535 builtin/index-pack.c:1727
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:547
+#: builtin/grep.c:461 builtin/grep.c:582 builtin/grep.c:623
 #, c-format
-msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
+msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:564
+#: builtin/grep.c:638
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:638
+#: builtin/grep.c:703
+#, c-format
+msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:790
 msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:640
+#: builtin/grep.c:792
 msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:642
+#: builtin/grep.c:794
 msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:644
-msgid "search also in ignored files"
+#: builtin/grep.c:796
+msgid "ignore files specified via '.gitignore'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:647
+#: builtin/grep.c:798
+msgid "recursively search in each submodule"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:801
 msgid "show non-matching lines"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:649
+#: builtin/grep.c:803
 msgid "case insensitive matching"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:651
+#: builtin/grep.c:805
 msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:653
+#: builtin/grep.c:807
 msgid "process binary files as text"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:655
+#: builtin/grep.c:809
 msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:658
+#: builtin/grep.c:812
 msgid "process binary files with textconv filters"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:660
+#: builtin/grep.c:814
 msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:664
+#: builtin/grep.c:818
 msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:667
+#: builtin/grep.c:821
 msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:670
+#: builtin/grep.c:824
 msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:673
+#: builtin/grep.c:827
 msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:676
+#: builtin/grep.c:830
 msgid "show line numbers"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:677
+#: builtin/grep.c:831
 msgid "don't show filenames"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:678
+#: builtin/grep.c:832
 msgid "show filenames"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:680
+#: builtin/grep.c:834
 msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:682
+#: builtin/grep.c:836
 msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:684
+#: builtin/grep.c:838
 msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:687
+#: builtin/grep.c:841
 msgid "show only the names of files without match"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:689
+#: builtin/grep.c:843
 msgid "print NUL after filenames"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:691
+#: builtin/grep.c:846
 msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:692
+#: builtin/grep.c:847
 msgid "highlight matches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:694
+#: builtin/grep.c:849
 msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:696
+#: builtin/grep.c:851
 msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:699
+#: builtin/grep.c:854
 msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:702
+#: builtin/grep.c:857
 msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:704
+#: builtin/grep.c:859
 msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:705
+#: builtin/grep.c:861
+msgid "use <n> worker threads"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:862
 msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:708
+#: builtin/grep.c:865
 msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:710
+#: builtin/grep.c:867
 msgid "show the surrounding function"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:713
+#: builtin/grep.c:870
 msgid "read patterns from file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:715
+#: builtin/grep.c:872
 msgid "match <pattern>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:717
+#: builtin/grep.c:874
 msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:729
+#: builtin/grep.c:886
 msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:731
+#: builtin/grep.c:888
 msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:733
+#: builtin/grep.c:890
 msgid "show parse tree for grep expression"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:737
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "pager"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:737
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "show matching files in the pager"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:740
+#: builtin/grep.c:898
 msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:741 builtin/show-ref.c:187
-msgid "show usage"
+#: builtin/grep.c:962
+msgid "no pattern given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:994
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:808
-msgid "no pattern given."
+#: builtin/grep.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to resolve revision: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1036 builtin/index-pack.c:1531
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1041
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring --threads"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:866
+#: builtin/grep.c:1065
 msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:892
-msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
+#: builtin/grep.c:1088
+msgid "option not supported with --recurse-submodules."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:897
-msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
+#: builtin/grep.c:1094
+msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:900
+#: builtin/grep.c:1100
 msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:908
+#: builtin/grep.c:1108
 msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:82
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
 msgid ""
-"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
-"<file>..."
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"[--] <file>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
-msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>"
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:84
+msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:94 builtin/tag.c:610
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
 msgid "type"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:94
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
 msgid "object type"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:95
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
 msgid "write the object into the object database"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
 msgid "read the object from stdin"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
 msgid "store file as is without filters"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:100
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:102
 msgid ""
 "just hash any random garbage to create corrupt objects for debugging Git"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103
 msgid "process file as it were from this path"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:41
+#: builtin/help.c:45
 msgid "print all available commands"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:42
+#: builtin/help.c:46
+msgid "exclude guides"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:47
 msgid "print list of useful guides"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:43
+#: builtin/help.c:48
 msgid "show man page"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:44
+#: builtin/help.c:49
 msgid "show manual in web browser"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:46
+#: builtin/help.c:51
 msgid "show info page"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:52
-msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
+#: builtin/help.c:53
+msgid "print command description"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:64
+#: builtin/help.c:58
+msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<command>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:70
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:91
+#: builtin/help.c:97
 msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:104
+#: builtin/help.c:110
 msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:112
+#: builtin/help.c:118
 #, c-format
 msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:130 builtin/help.c:158 builtin/help.c:167 builtin/help.c:175
+#: builtin/help.c:136 builtin/help.c:158 builtin/help.c:168 builtin/help.c:176
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
+msgid "failed to exec '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:215
+#: builtin/help.c:214
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
 "Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:227
+#: builtin/help.c:226
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
 "Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:354
+#: builtin/help.c:343
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:371
+#: builtin/help.c:360
 msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:379
+#: builtin/help.c:368
 msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:428
-msgid "Defining attributes per path"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/help.c:429
-msgid "Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/help.c:430
-msgid "A Git glossary"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/help.c:431
-msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/help.c:432
-msgid "Defining submodule properties"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/help.c:433
-msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/help.c:434
-msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/help.c:435
-msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/help.c:447
-msgid "The common Git guides are:\n"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/help.c:468 builtin/help.c:485
+#: builtin/help.c:415
 #, c-format
-msgid "usage: %s%s"
+msgid "'%s' is aliased to '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:501
+#: builtin/help.c:442 builtin/help.c:459
 #, c-format
-msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
+msgid "usage: %s%s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:150
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:158
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to open %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:200
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:220
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:228
 #, c-format
 msgid "did not receive expected object %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:223
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:231
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s: expected type %s, found %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:265
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
 msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:275
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:283
 msgid "early EOF"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:276
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:284
 msgid "read error on input"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:288
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:296
 msgid "used more bytes than were available"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:295
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:303
 msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:311
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:306 builtin/unpack-objects.c:93
+msgid "pack exceeds maximum allowed size"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:316
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:327
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:330
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:341
 msgid "pack signature mismatch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:332
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:343
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:350
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:361
 #, c-format
-msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:471
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:482
 #, c-format
 msgid "inflate returned %d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:520
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:531
 msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:528
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:539
 msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:536
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:547
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown object type %d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:567
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:578
 msgid "cannot pread pack file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:569
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:580
 #, c-format
-msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
-msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> bytes missing"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:595
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:606
 msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:686 builtin/index-pack.c:692 builtin/index-pack.c:715
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:749 builtin/index-pack.c:758
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:751 builtin/index-pack.c:757 builtin/index-pack.c:780
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:819 builtin/index-pack.c:828
 #, c-format
 msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:689 builtin/pack-objects.c:164
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:256
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:754 builtin/pack-objects.c:198
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:292
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:755
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:817
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object info %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:825
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:769
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:839
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid blob object %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:783
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid %s"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:842 builtin/index-pack.c:860
+msgid "fsck error in packed object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:787
-msgid "Error in object"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:857
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:789
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:862
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:861 builtin/index-pack.c:890
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:934 builtin/index-pack.c:965
 msgid "failed to apply delta"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1055
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1135
 msgid "Receiving objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1055
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1135
 msgid "Indexing objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1081
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1169
 msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1086
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1174
 msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1089
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1177
 msgid "pack has junk at the end"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1100
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1189
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1123
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1212
 msgid "Resolving deltas"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1133
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1223
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1175
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1265
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1181
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1271
 #, c-format
-msgid "completed with %d local objects"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "completed with %d local object"
+msgid_plural "completed with %d local objects"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1191
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1283
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1195
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
 msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1220
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1311
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1299
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1388
 #, c-format
 msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1323
-msgid "error while closing pack file"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1402
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1336
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1427
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
+msgid "cannot write %s file '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1344
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1435
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
+msgid "cannot close written %s file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1459
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1357
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1473
 msgid "cannot store pack file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1368
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1481
 msgid "cannot store index file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1525
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1407
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1411 builtin/index-pack.c:1590
-#, c-format
-msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1469
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1471
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1596
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1518
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1644
 #, c-format
 msgid "non delta: %d object"
 msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1525
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1651
 #, c-format
 msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
 msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1554
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1688
 msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1602 builtin/index-pack.c:1605
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1617 builtin/index-pack.c:1621
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1739 builtin/index-pack.c:1742
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1758 builtin/index-pack.c:1762
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1635
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1778
 msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1639 builtin/index-pack.c:1648
-#, c-format
-msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1780
+msgid "--stdin requires a git repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1656
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1786
 msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:35
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:62
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template name %s"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1836 builtin/unpack-objects.c:578
+msgid "fsck error in pack objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#: builtin/init-db.c:55
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#: builtin/init-db.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#: builtin/init-db.c:66
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#: builtin/init-db.c:77
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:99
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#: builtin/init-db.c:79
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#: builtin/init-db.c:85
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#: builtin/init-db.c:89
 #, c-format
 msgid "ignoring template %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:136
+#: builtin/init-db.c:120
 #, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template path %s"
+msgid "templates not found in %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:144
+#: builtin/init-db.c:135
 #, c-format
-msgid "templates not found %s"
+msgid "not copying templates from '%s': %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:157
+#: builtin/init-db.c:328
 #, c-format
-msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:197
+#: builtin/init-db.c:331
 #, c-format
-msgid "insane git directory %s"
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:331 builtin/init-db.c:334
+#: builtin/init-db.c:348 builtin/init-db.c:351
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s already exists"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:363
+#: builtin/init-db.c:404
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgid "Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:366
+#: builtin/init-db.c:405
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgid "Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
-#. existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
-#. "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
-#: builtin/init-db.c:426
+#: builtin/init-db.c:409
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgid "Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:427
-msgid "Reinitialized existing"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:427
-msgid "Initialized empty"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:428
-msgid " shared"
+#: builtin/init-db.c:410
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:475
+#: builtin/init-db.c:458
 msgid ""
 "git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--"
-"shared[=<permissions>]] [directory]"
+"shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:498
+#: builtin/init-db.c:481
 msgid "permissions"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:499
+#: builtin/init-db.c:482
 msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:501 builtin/prune-packed.c:57 builtin/repack.c:171
-msgid "be quiet"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:533 builtin/init-db.c:538
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:542
+#: builtin/init-db.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:563
+#: builtin/init-db.c:546
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
 "dir=<directory>)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:591
+#: builtin/init-db.c:574
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git interpret-trailers [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>])...] "
-"[<file>...]"
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"<token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [<file>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:92
+msgid "edit files in place"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:25
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:93
 msgid "trim empty trailers"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:26
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:96
+msgid "where to place the new trailer"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:98
+msgid "action if trailer already exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:100
+msgid "action if trailer is missing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:102
+msgid "output only the trailers"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:103
+msgid "do not apply config rules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:104
+msgid "join whitespace-continued values"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:105
+msgid "set parsing options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:107
 msgid "trailer"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:27
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:108
 msgid "trailer(s) to add"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:41
-msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:117
+msgid "--trailer with --only-input does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:127
+msgid "no input file given for in-place editing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:48
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:42
-msgid "git show [options] <object>..."
+#: builtin/log.c:49
+msgid "git show [<options>] <object>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:81
+#: builtin/log.c:93
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid --decorate option: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:127
+#: builtin/log.c:153
 msgid "suppress diff output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:128
+#: builtin/log.c:154
 msgid "show source"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:129
+#: builtin/log.c:155
 msgid "Use mail map file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:130
+#: builtin/log.c:157
+msgid "only decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:159
+msgid "do not decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:160
 msgid "decorate options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:133
+#: builtin/log.c:163
 msgid "Process line range n,m in file, counting from 1"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:229
+#: builtin/log.c:259
 #, c-format
 msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:458
+#: builtin/log.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "git show %s: bad file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:472 builtin/log.c:564
+#: builtin/log.c:525 builtin/log.c:619
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read object %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:588
+#: builtin/log.c:643
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown type: %d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:689
+#: builtin/log.c:764
 msgid "format.headers without value"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:773
+#: builtin/log.c:865
 msgid "name of output directory is too long"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:789
+#: builtin/log.c:881
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:803
+#: builtin/log.c:898
 msgid "Need exactly one range."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:811
+#: builtin/log.c:908
 msgid "Not a range."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:919
+#: builtin/log.c:1014
 msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:998
+#: builtin/log.c:1095
 #, c-format
 msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1026
-msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
+#: builtin/log.c:1122
+msgid "git format-patch [<options>] [<since> | <revision-range>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1071
+#: builtin/log.c:1172
 msgid "Two output directories?"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1186
+#: builtin/log.c:1279 builtin/log.c:1932 builtin/log.c:1934 builtin/log.c:1946
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1289 builtin/notes.c:887 builtin/tag.c:523
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1294
+msgid "Could not find exact merge base."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1298
+msgid ""
+"Failed to get upstream, if you want to record base commit automatically,\n"
+"please use git branch --set-upstream-to to track a remote branch.\n"
+"Or you could specify base commit by --base=<base-commit-id> manually."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1318
+msgid "Failed to find exact merge base"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1329
+msgid "base commit should be the ancestor of revision list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1333
+msgid "base commit shouldn't be in revision list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1382
+msgid "cannot get patch id"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1441
 msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1189
+#: builtin/log.c:1444
 msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1193
+#: builtin/log.c:1448
 msgid "print patches to standard out"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1195
+#: builtin/log.c:1450
 msgid "generate a cover letter"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1197
+#: builtin/log.c:1452
 msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1198
+#: builtin/log.c:1453
 msgid "sfx"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1199
+#: builtin/log.c:1454
 msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1201
+#: builtin/log.c:1456
 msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1203
+#: builtin/log.c:1458
 msgid "mark the series as Nth re-roll"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1205
+#: builtin/log.c:1460
+msgid "Use [RFC PATCH] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1463
 msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1208
+#: builtin/log.c:1466
 msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1211
+#: builtin/log.c:1469
 msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1214
+#: builtin/log.c:1472
 msgid "don't output binary diffs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1216
+#: builtin/log.c:1474
+msgid "output all-zero hash in From header"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1476
 msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1218
+#: builtin/log.c:1478
 msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1220
+#: builtin/log.c:1480
 msgid "Messaging"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1221
+#: builtin/log.c:1481
 msgid "header"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1222
+#: builtin/log.c:1482
 msgid "add email header"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1223 builtin/log.c:1225
+#: builtin/log.c:1483 builtin/log.c:1485
 msgid "email"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1223
+#: builtin/log.c:1483
 msgid "add To: header"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1225
+#: builtin/log.c:1485
 msgid "add Cc: header"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1227
+#: builtin/log.c:1487
 msgid "ident"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1228
+#: builtin/log.c:1488
 msgid "set From address to <ident> (or committer ident if absent)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1230
+#: builtin/log.c:1490
 msgid "message-id"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1231
+#: builtin/log.c:1491
 msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1232 builtin/log.c:1235
+#: builtin/log.c:1492 builtin/log.c:1495
 msgid "boundary"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1233
+#: builtin/log.c:1493
 msgid "attach the patch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1236
+#: builtin/log.c:1496
 msgid "inline the patch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1240
+#: builtin/log.c:1500
 msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1242
+#: builtin/log.c:1502
 msgid "signature"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1243
+#: builtin/log.c:1503
 msgid "add a signature"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1245
+#: builtin/log.c:1504
+msgid "base-commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1505
+msgid "add prerequisite tree info to the patch series"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1507
 msgid "add a signature from a file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1246
+#: builtin/log.c:1508
 msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1320
+#: builtin/log.c:1510
+msgid "show progress while generating patches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1585
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid ident line: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1335
+#: builtin/log.c:1600
 msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1337
-msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
+#: builtin/log.c:1602
+msgid "--subject-prefix/--rfc and -k are mutually exclusive."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1345
+#: builtin/log.c:1610
 msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1347
+#: builtin/log.c:1612
 msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1349
+#: builtin/log.c:1614
 msgid "--check does not make sense"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1372
+#: builtin/log.c:1646
 msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1374
+#: builtin/log.c:1648
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1472
+#: builtin/log.c:1741
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read signature file '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1535
+#: builtin/log.c:1773
+msgid "Generating patches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1817
 msgid "Failed to create output files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1583
+#: builtin/log.c:1867
 msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1638
+#: builtin/log.c:1921
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1651 builtin/log.c:1653 builtin/log.c:1665
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unknown commit %s"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:401
-msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+msgid "git ls-files [<options>] [<file>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:458
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:517
 msgid "identify the file status with tags"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:460
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:519
 msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:462
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:521
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'fsmonitor clean' files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:523
 msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:464
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:525
 msgid "show deleted files in the output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:466
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:527
 msgid "show modified files in the output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:529
 msgid "show other files in the output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:470
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:531
 msgid "show ignored files in the output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:534
 msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:536
 msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:477
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:538
 msgid "show 'other' directories' names only"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:540
+msgid "show line endings of files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:542
 msgid "don't show empty directories"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:483
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:545
 msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:547
 msgid "show resolve-undo information"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:487
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:549
 msgid "skip files matching pattern"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:552
 msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:493
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:555
 msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:557
 msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:560
 msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:501
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:563
+msgid "recurse through submodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:565
 msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:502
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:566
 msgid "tree-ish"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:567
 msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:505
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:569
 msgid "show debugging data"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-tree.c:28
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:9
+msgid ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<repository> [<refs>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:59
+msgid "do not print remote URL"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:60 builtin/ls-remote.c:62
+msgid "exec"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:61 builtin/ls-remote.c:63
+msgid "path of git-upload-pack on the remote host"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:65
+msgid "limit to tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:66
+msgid "limit to heads"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:67
+msgid "do not show peeled tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:69
+msgid "take url.<base>.insteadOf into account"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:73
+msgid "exit with exit code 2 if no matching refs are found"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:76
+msgid "show underlying ref in addition to the object pointed by it"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:29
 msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -6571,179 +10130,185 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "list entire tree; not just current directory (implies --full-name)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:45
-msgid "git merge [options] [<commit>...]"
+#: builtin/mailsplit.c:241
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty mbox: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:46
-msgid "git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
+#: builtin/merge.c:51
+msgid "git merge [<options>] [<commit>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:47
+#: builtin/merge.c:52
 msgid "git merge --abort"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:100
+#: builtin/merge.c:53
+msgid "git merge --continue"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:110
 msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:137
+#: builtin/merge.c:147
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:138
+#: builtin/merge.c:148
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available strategies are:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:143
+#: builtin/merge.c:153
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:193
+#: builtin/merge.c:203 builtin/pull.c:142
 msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:196
+#: builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/pull.c:145
 msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:197
+#: builtin/merge.c:207 builtin/pull.c:148
 msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:199
+#: builtin/merge.c:209 builtin/pull.c:151
 msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:202
+#: builtin/merge.c:212 builtin/pull.c:157
 msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:204
+#: builtin/merge.c:214 builtin/pull.c:160
 msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:206
+#: builtin/merge.c:216 builtin/pull.c:163
 msgid "edit message before committing"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:207
+#: builtin/merge.c:217
 msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:209
+#: builtin/merge.c:219 builtin/pull.c:169
 msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:213
-msgid "Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+#: builtin/merge.c:223 builtin/pull.c:172
+msgid "verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:214 builtin/notes.c:753 builtin/revert.c:89
+#: builtin/merge.c:224 builtin/notes.c:777 builtin/pull.c:176
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "strategy"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:215
+#: builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/pull.c:177
 msgid "merge strategy to use"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:216
+#: builtin/merge.c:226 builtin/pull.c:180
 msgid "option=value"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:217
+#: builtin/merge.c:227 builtin/pull.c:181
 msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:219
+#: builtin/merge.c:229
 msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:223
+#: builtin/merge.c:233
 msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:251
+#: builtin/merge.c:235
+msgid "continue the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:237 builtin/pull.c:188
+msgid "allow merging unrelated histories"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:243
+msgid "verify commit-msg hook"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:268
 msgid "could not run stash."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:256
+#: builtin/merge.c:273
 msgid "stash failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:261
+#: builtin/merge.c:278
 #, c-format
 msgid "not a valid object: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:280 builtin/merge.c:297
+#: builtin/merge.c:300 builtin/merge.c:317
 msgid "read-tree failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:327
+#: builtin/merge.c:347
 msgid " (nothing to squash)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:340
+#: builtin/merge.c:358
 #, c-format
 msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:372
-msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:374
-msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:397
+#: builtin/merge.c:408
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:447
+#: builtin/merge.c:458
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:559
+#: builtin/merge.c:548
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:654
-msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:678
+#: builtin/merge.c:669
 msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:692
+#: builtin/merge.c:683
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:705
+#: builtin/merge.c:698
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:794
+#: builtin/merge.c:749
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:803
+#: builtin/merge.c:758
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:809
+#: builtin/merge.c:764
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
@@ -6753,204 +10318,233 @@ msgid ""
 "the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:833
+#: builtin/merge.c:800
 msgid "Empty commit message."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:845
+#: builtin/merge.c:819
 #, c-format
 msgid "Wonderful.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:900
+#: builtin/merge.c:872
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:916
-#, c-format
-msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:957
+#: builtin/merge.c:911
 msgid "No current branch."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:959
+#: builtin/merge.c:913
 msgid "No remote for the current branch."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:961
+#: builtin/merge.c:915
 msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:966
+#: builtin/merge.c:920
 #, c-format
 msgid "No remote-tracking branch for %s from %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1122
+#: builtin/merge.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad value '%s' in environment '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1075
+#, c-format
+msgid "not something we can merge in %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1109
+msgid "not something we can merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1211
+msgid "--abort expects no arguments"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1215
 msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1138
+#: builtin/merge.c:1227
+msgid "--continue expects no arguments"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1231
+msgid "There is no merge in progress (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1247
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you merge."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1141 git-pull.sh:34
-msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1145
+#: builtin/merge.c:1254
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you merge."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1148
+#: builtin/merge.c:1257
 msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1157
+#: builtin/merge.c:1266
 msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1166
+#: builtin/merge.c:1274
 msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1198
-msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1201
+#: builtin/merge.c:1291
 msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1203
+#: builtin/merge.c:1293
 msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1208
+#: builtin/merge.c:1298
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1259
+#: builtin/merge.c:1300
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1334
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, allegedly by %s."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1262
+#: builtin/merge.c:1337
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has a bad GPG signature allegedly by %s."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1265
+#: builtin/merge.c:1340
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1268
+#: builtin/merge.c:1343
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1349
+#: builtin/merge.c:1402
+msgid "refusing to merge unrelated histories"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1411
+msgid "Already up to date."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1421
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1388
+#: builtin/merge.c:1462
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1395
+#: builtin/merge.c:1469
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nope.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1427
+#: builtin/merge.c:1494
+msgid "Already up to date. Yeeah!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1500
 msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1450 builtin/merge.c:1529
+#: builtin/merge.c:1523 builtin/merge.c:1602
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1454
+#: builtin/merge.c:1527
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1520
+#: builtin/merge.c:1593
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1522
+#: builtin/merge.c:1595
 #, c-format
 msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1531
+#: builtin/merge.c:1604
 #, c-format
 msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1543
+#: builtin/merge.c:1616
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:29
-msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>..."
-msgstr ""
-
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:30
-msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>..."
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] <commit> <commit>..."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:31
-msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <commit>..."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:32
-msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
+msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:33
+msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:34
 msgid "git merge-base --fork-point <ref> [<commit>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:214
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
 msgid "output all common ancestors"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:216
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
 msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:218
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:224
 msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:226
 msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:228
 msgid "find where <commit> forked from reflog of <ref>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge-file.c:8
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:9
 msgid ""
-"git merge-file [options] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file "
-"file2"
+"git merge-file [<options>] [-L <name1> [-L <orig> [-L <name2>]]] <file1> "
+"<orig-file> <file2>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:33
@@ -6982,716 +10576,1028 @@ msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:45
-msgid "set labels for file1/orig_file/file2"
+msgid "set labels for file1/orig-file/file2"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:45
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:51
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:55
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d base. Ignoring %s."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d bases. Ignoring %s."
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:63
+msgid "not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:69 builtin/merge-recursive.c:71
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve ref '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:64
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merging %s with %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:65
 msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:150
+#: builtin/mktree.c:153
 msgid "input is NUL terminated"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:151 builtin/write-tree.c:24
+#: builtin/mktree.c:154 builtin/write-tree.c:25
 msgid "allow missing objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:152
+#: builtin/mktree.c:155
 msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:15
-msgid "git mv [options] <source>... <destination>"
+#: builtin/mv.c:17
+msgid "git mv [<options>] <source>... <destination>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:69
+#: builtin/mv.c:82
 #, c-format
 msgid "Directory %s is in index and no submodule?"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:71
+#: builtin/mv.c:84 builtin/rm.c:288
 msgid "Please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:89
+#: builtin/mv.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "%.*s is in index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:111
+#: builtin/mv.c:124
 msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:112
+#: builtin/mv.c:126
 msgid "skip move/rename errors"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:151
+#: builtin/mv.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination '%s' is not a directory"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:162
+#: builtin/mv.c:179
 #, c-format
 msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:166
+#: builtin/mv.c:183
 msgid "bad source"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:169
+#: builtin/mv.c:186
 msgid "can not move directory into itself"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:172
+#: builtin/mv.c:189
 msgid "cannot move directory over file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#: builtin/mv.c:198
 msgid "source directory is empty"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:206
+#: builtin/mv.c:223
 msgid "not under version control"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:209
+#: builtin/mv.c:226
 msgid "destination exists"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:217
+#: builtin/mv.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "overwriting '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:220
+#: builtin/mv.c:237
 msgid "Cannot overwrite"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:223
+#: builtin/mv.c:240
 msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:225
+#: builtin/mv.c:242
 msgid "destination directory does not exist"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:232
+#: builtin/mv.c:249
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:253
+#: builtin/mv.c:270
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:256 builtin/remote.c:728 builtin/repack.c:355
+#: builtin/mv.c:276 builtin/remote.c:715 builtin/repack.c:409
 #, c-format
 msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:255
-msgid "git name-rev [options] <commit>..."
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:338
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] <commit>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:256
-msgid "git name-rev [options] --all"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:339
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --all"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:257
-msgid "git name-rev [options] --stdin"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:340
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --stdin"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:309
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:395
 msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:310
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:396
 msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:312
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:398
 msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:314
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:400
+msgid "ignore refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:402
 msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:315
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:403
 msgid "read from stdin"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:316
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:404
 msgid "allow to print `undefined` names (default)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:322
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:410
 msgid "dereference tags in the input (internal use)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:24
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:25
-msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
-"| (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
-msgstr ""
-
 #: builtin/notes.c:26
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] [list [<object>]]"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/notes.c:27
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
-"(-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
+"| (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/notes.c:28
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/notes.c:29
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]"
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
+"(-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/notes.c:30
-msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>"
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/notes.c:31
-msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] show [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/notes.c:32
-msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy>] <notes-ref>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/notes.c:33
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<object>...]"
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/notes.c:34
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/notes.c:35
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref"
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] remove [<object>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:40
+#: builtin/notes.c:36
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] prune [-n] [-v]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:37
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] get-ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:42
 msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:45
+#: builtin/notes.c:47
 msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:50
+#: builtin/notes.c:52
 msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:51
+#: builtin/notes.c:53
 msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:56
+#: builtin/notes.c:58
 msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:61
+#: builtin/notes.c:63
 msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:66
+#: builtin/notes.c:68
 msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:71
-msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes_ref>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:73
+msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes-ref>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:72
+#: builtin/notes.c:74
 msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:73
+#: builtin/notes.c:75
 msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:78
+#: builtin/notes.c:80
 msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:83
+#: builtin/notes.c:85
 msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:88
+#: builtin/notes.c:90
 msgid "git notes get-ref"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:146
+#: builtin/notes.c:95
+msgid "Write/edit the notes for the following object:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:148
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:150
+#: builtin/notes.c:152
 msgid "could not read 'show' output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:158
+#: builtin/notes.c:160
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:173 builtin/tag.c:477
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not create file '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:192
-msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+#: builtin/notes.c:195
+msgid "please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:201
+#: builtin/notes.c:204
 msgid "unable to write note object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:203
+#: builtin/notes.c:206
 #, c-format
-msgid "The note contents have been left in %s"
+msgid "the note contents have been left in %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:231 builtin/tag.c:693
+#: builtin/notes.c:234 builtin/tag.c:507
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:233 builtin/tag.c:696
+#: builtin/notes.c:236 builtin/tag.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:252 builtin/notes.c:303 builtin/notes.c:305
-#: builtin/notes.c:365 builtin/notes.c:420 builtin/notes.c:506
-#: builtin/notes.c:511 builtin/notes.c:589 builtin/notes.c:652
-#: builtin/notes.c:854 builtin/tag.c:709
+#: builtin/notes.c:255 builtin/notes.c:306 builtin/notes.c:308
+#: builtin/notes.c:376 builtin/notes.c:431 builtin/notes.c:517
+#: builtin/notes.c:522 builtin/notes.c:600 builtin/notes.c:662
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgid "failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:255
+#: builtin/notes.c:258
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
+msgid "failed to read object '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:259
+#: builtin/notes.c:262
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
+msgid "cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:299
+#: builtin/notes.c:302
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgid "malformed input line: '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:314
+#: builtin/notes.c:317
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgid "failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:358 builtin/notes.c:413 builtin/notes.c:489
-#: builtin/notes.c:501 builtin/notes.c:577 builtin/notes.c:645
-#: builtin/notes.c:919
+#. TRANSLATORS: the first %s will be replaced by a git
+#. notes command: 'add', 'merge', 'remove', etc.
+#.
+#: builtin/notes.c:349
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to %s notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:369 builtin/notes.c:424 builtin/notes.c:500
+#: builtin/notes.c:512 builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:655
+#: builtin/notes.c:805 builtin/notes.c:952 builtin/notes.c:973
 msgid "too many parameters"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:371 builtin/notes.c:658
+#: builtin/notes.c:382 builtin/notes.c:668
 #, c-format
-msgid "No note found for object %s."
+msgid "no note found for object %s."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:392 builtin/notes.c:555
+#: builtin/notes.c:403 builtin/notes.c:566
 msgid "note contents as a string"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:395 builtin/notes.c:558
+#: builtin/notes.c:406 builtin/notes.c:569
 msgid "note contents in a file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:397 builtin/notes.c:400 builtin/notes.c:560
-#: builtin/notes.c:563 builtin/tag.c:628
-msgid "object"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:398 builtin/notes.c:561
+#: builtin/notes.c:409 builtin/notes.c:572
 msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:401 builtin/notes.c:564
+#: builtin/notes.c:412 builtin/notes.c:575
 msgid "reuse specified note object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:404 builtin/notes.c:567
+#: builtin/notes.c:415 builtin/notes.c:578
 msgid "allow storing empty note"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:476
+#: builtin/notes.c:416 builtin/notes.c:487
 msgid "replace existing notes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:430
+#: builtin/notes.c:441
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
 "existing notes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:445 builtin/notes.c:524
+#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:535
 #, c-format
 msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:617 builtin/notes.c:859
+#: builtin/notes.c:467 builtin/notes.c:627 builtin/notes.c:892
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:477
+#: builtin/notes.c:488
 msgid "read objects from stdin"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:479
+#: builtin/notes.c:490
 msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:497
+#: builtin/notes.c:508
 msgid "too few parameters"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:518
+#: builtin/notes.c:529
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
 "existing notes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:530
+#: builtin/notes.c:541
 #, c-format
-msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgid "missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:582
+#: builtin/notes.c:593
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
 "Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:750
+#: builtin/notes.c:688
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:690
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:692
+msgid "failed to remove 'git notes merge' worktree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:712
+msgid "failed to read ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:714
+msgid "could not find commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:716
+msgid "could not parse commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:729
+msgid "failed to resolve NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:732
+msgid "failed to finalize notes merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown notes merge strategy %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:774
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:752
+#: builtin/notes.c:776
 msgid "Merge options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:754
+#: builtin/notes.c:778
 msgid ""
 "resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
 "cat_sort_uniq)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:756
+#: builtin/notes.c:780
 msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#: builtin/notes.c:782
 msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:760
+#: builtin/notes.c:784
 msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:762
+#: builtin/notes.c:786
 msgid "abort notes merge"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:857
+#: builtin/notes.c:797
+msgid "cannot mix --commit, --abort or -s/--strategy"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:802
+msgid "must specify a notes ref to merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:826
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown -s/--strategy: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:863
+#, c-format
+msgid "a notes merge into %s is already in-progress at %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to store link to current notes ref (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:868
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Automatic notes merge failed. Fix conflicts in %s and commit the result with "
+"'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with 'git notes merge --"
+"abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:890
 #, c-format
 msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:869
+#: builtin/notes.c:902
 msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:872
+#: builtin/notes.c:905
 msgid "read object names from the standard input"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:953
+#: builtin/notes.c:943 builtin/prune.c:107 builtin/worktree.c:151
+msgid "do not remove, show only"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:944
+msgid "report pruned notes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:986
 msgid "notes-ref"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:954
-msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:987
+msgid "use notes from <notes-ref>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:989 builtin/remote.c:1621
+#: builtin/notes.c:1022
 #, c-format
-msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgid "unknown subcommand: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:28
-msgid "git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:48
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<options>...] [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:29
-msgid "git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:49
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects [<options>...] <base-name> [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:177 builtin/pack-objects.c:180
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:211 builtin/pack-objects.c:214
 #, c-format
 msgid "deflate error (%d)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:773
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:810
+msgid "disabling bitmap writing, packs are split due to pack.packSizeLimit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:823
 msgid "Writing objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1015
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1106
 msgid "disabling bitmap writing, as some objects are not being packed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2175
-msgid "Compressing objects"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1765
+msgid "Counting objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2572
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1895
 #, c-format
-msgid "unsupported index version %s"
+msgid "unable to get size of %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2576
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1910
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad index version '%s'"
+msgid "unable to parse object header of %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2599
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2564
+msgid "Compressing objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2735
+msgid "invalid value for --missing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3067
 #, c-format
-msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
+msgid "unsupported index version %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2603
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3071
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
+msgid "bad index version '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2623
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3102
 msgid "do not show progress meter"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2625
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3104
 msgid "show progress meter"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2627
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3106
 msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2630
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3109
 msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2631
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3110
 msgid "version[,offset]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2632
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3111
 msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2635
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3114
 msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2637
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3116
 msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2639
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3118
 msgid "ignore packed objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2641
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3120
 msgid "limit pack window by objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2643
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3122
 msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2645
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3124
 msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2647
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3126
 msgid "reuse existing deltas"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2649
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3128
 msgid "reuse existing objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2651
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3130
 msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2653
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3132
 msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2655
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3134
 msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2657
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3136
 msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2659
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3138
 msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2662
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3141
 msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2665
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3144
 msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2668
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3147
 msgid "include objects referred to by the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2671
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3150
 msgid "output pack to stdout"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2673
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3152
 msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2675
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3154
 msgid "keep unreachable objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2676 parse-options.h:140
-msgid "time"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3156
+msgid "pack loose unreachable objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2677
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3158
 msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2680
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3161
 msgid "create thin packs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2682
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3163
 msgid "create packs suitable for shallow fetches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2684
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3165
 msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2686
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3167
+msgid "ignore this pack"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3169
 msgid "pack compression level"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2688
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3171
 msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2690
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3173
 msgid "use a bitmap index if available to speed up counting objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2692
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3175
 msgid "write a bitmap index together with the pack index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2783
-msgid "Counting objects"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3178
+msgid "handling for missing objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-refs.c:6
-msgid "git pack-refs [options]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3181
+msgid "do not pack objects in promisor packfiles"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/pack-refs.c:14
-msgid "pack everything"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3205
+#, c-format
+msgid "delta chain depth %d is too deep, forcing %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3210
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack.deltaCacheLimit is too high, forcing %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3338
+msgid "Enumerating objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:7
+msgid "git pack-refs [<options>]"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
-msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
+msgid "pack everything"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:7
-msgid "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:16
+msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:40
-msgid "Removing duplicate objects"
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:8
+msgid "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:12
-msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:41
+msgid "Removing duplicate objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:106
-msgid "do not remove, show only"
+#: builtin/prune.c:11
+msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:107
+#: builtin/prune.c:108
 msgid "report pruned objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:110
+#: builtin/prune.c:111
 msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:14
+#: builtin/prune.c:113
+msgid "limit traversal to objects outside promisor packfiles"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:127
+msgid "cannot prune in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:59 builtin/pull.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:81
+msgid "git pull [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:132
+msgid "control for recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:136
+msgid "Options related to merging"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:139
+msgid "incorporate changes by rebasing rather than merging"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:166 builtin/rebase--helper.c:23 builtin/revert.c:121
+msgid "allow fast-forward"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:175
+msgid "automatically stash/stash pop before and after rebase"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:191
+msgid "Options related to fetching"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:209
+msgid "number of submodules pulled in parallel"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for pull.ff: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:420
+msgid ""
+"There is no candidate for rebasing against among the refs that you just "
+"fetched."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:422
+msgid ""
+"There are no candidates for merging among the refs that you just fetched."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:423
+msgid ""
+"Generally this means that you provided a wildcard refspec which had no\n"
+"matches on the remote end."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:426
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You asked to pull from the remote '%s', but did not specify\n"
+"a branch. Because this is not the default configured remote\n"
+"for your current branch, you must specify a branch on the command line."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:431 git-parse-remote.sh:73
+msgid "You are not currently on a branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:433 builtin/pull.c:448 git-parse-remote.sh:79
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to rebase against."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:435 builtin/pull.c:450 git-parse-remote.sh:82
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to merge with."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:436 builtin/pull.c:451
+msgid "See git-pull(1) for details."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:438 builtin/pull.c:444 builtin/pull.c:453
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:64
+msgid "<remote>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:438 builtin/pull.c:453 builtin/pull.c:458 git-rebase.sh:523
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:65
+msgid "<branch>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:446 git-parse-remote.sh:75
+msgid "There is no tracking information for the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:455 git-parse-remote.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:460
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your configuration specifies to merge with the ref '%s'\n"
+"from the remote, but no such ref was fetched."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:826
+msgid "ignoring --verify-signatures for rebase"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:874
+msgid "--[no-]autostash option is only valid with --rebase."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:882
+msgid "Updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:885
+msgid "pull with rebase"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:886
+msgid "please commit or stash them."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:911
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"commit %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:916
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot fast-forward your working tree.\n"
+"After making sure that you saved anything precious from\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"output, run\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"to recover."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:931
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:935
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:942
+msgid "cannot rebase with locally recorded submodule modifications"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:19
 msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:85
+#: builtin/push.c:111
 msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:95
+#: builtin/push.c:121
 msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:139
+#: builtin/push.c:165
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:142
+#: builtin/push.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
@@ -7706,7 +11612,7 @@ msgid ""
 "%s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:157
+#: builtin/push.c:183
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are not currently on a branch.\n"
@@ -7716,7 +11622,7 @@ msgid ""
 "    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:171
+#: builtin/push.c:197
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
@@ -7725,12 +11631,12 @@ msgid ""
 "    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:179
+#: builtin/push.c:205
 #, c-format
 msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:182
+#: builtin/push.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
@@ -7738,37 +11644,12 @@ msgid ""
 "to update which remote branch."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:205
-msgid ""
-"push.default is unset; its implicit value has changed in\n"
-"Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
-"and maintain the traditional behavior, use:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-"\n"
-"To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-"\n"
-"When push.default is set to 'matching', git will push local branches\n"
-"to the remote branches that already exist with the same name.\n"
-"\n"
-"Since Git 2.0, Git defaults to the more conservative 'simple'\n"
-"behavior, which only pushes the current branch to the corresponding\n"
-"remote branch that 'git pull' uses to update the current branch.\n"
-"\n"
-"See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
-"information.\n"
-"(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
-"'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/push.c:272
+#: builtin/push.c:267
 msgid ""
 "You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:279
+#: builtin/push.c:274
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
 "its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.\n"
@@ -7776,7 +11657,7 @@ msgid ""
 "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:285
+#: builtin/push.c:280
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
 "counterpart. Check out this branch and integrate the remote changes\n"
@@ -7784,7 +11665,7 @@ msgid ""
 "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:291
+#: builtin/push.c:286
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
 "not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
@@ -7793,33 +11674,33 @@ msgid ""
 "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:298
+#: builtin/push.c:293
 msgid "Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:301
+#: builtin/push.c:296
 msgid ""
 "You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
 "or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
 "without using the '--force' option.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:360
+#: builtin/push.c:357
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:364
+#: builtin/push.c:361
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:394
+#: builtin/push.c:395
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad repository '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:395
+#: builtin/push.c:396
 msgid ""
 "No configured push destination.\n"
 "Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
@@ -7832,359 +11713,454 @@ msgid ""
 "    git push <name>\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:410
-msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/push.c:411
-msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/push.c:416
-msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/push.c:417
-msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/push.c:422
-msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/push.c:493
+#: builtin/push.c:551
 msgid "repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:494
+#: builtin/push.c:552 builtin/send-pack.c:164
 msgid "push all refs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:495
+#: builtin/push.c:553 builtin/send-pack.c:166
 msgid "mirror all refs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:497
+#: builtin/push.c:555
 msgid "delete refs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:498
+#: builtin/push.c:556
 msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:501
+#: builtin/push.c:559 builtin/send-pack.c:167
 msgid "force updates"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:503
+#: builtin/push.c:561 builtin/send-pack.c:181
 msgid "refname>:<expect"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:504
+#: builtin/push.c:562 builtin/send-pack.c:182
 msgid "require old value of ref to be at this value"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:507
+#: builtin/push.c:565
 msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:509
+#: builtin/push.c:567 builtin/send-pack.c:175
 msgid "use thin pack"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:510 builtin/push.c:511
+#: builtin/push.c:568 builtin/push.c:569 builtin/send-pack.c:161
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:162
 msgid "receive pack program"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:512
+#: builtin/push.c:570
 msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:515
+#: builtin/push.c:573
 msgid "prune locally removed refs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:517
+#: builtin/push.c:575
 msgid "bypass pre-push hook"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:518
+#: builtin/push.c:576
 msgid "push missing but relevant tags"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:520
+#: builtin/push.c:579 builtin/send-pack.c:169
 msgid "GPG sign the push"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:529
+#: builtin/push.c:581 builtin/send-pack.c:176
+msgid "request atomic transaction on remote side"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:599
 msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:531
+#: builtin/push.c:601
 msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:37
+#: builtin/push.c:604
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:606
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:610
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:612
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:615
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:634
+msgid "push options must not have new line characters"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:40
 msgid ""
-"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] "
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>) "
 "[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
 "index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:110
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:120
 msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:113
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
 msgid "only empty the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:115
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:125
 msgid "Merging"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:117
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:127
 msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:119
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:129
 msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:121
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:131
 msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:133
 msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:124
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
 msgid "<subdirectory>/"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:125
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
 msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:128
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:138
 msgid "update working tree with merge result"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:130
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:140
 msgid "gitignore"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:131
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:141
 msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:144
 msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:145
 msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:137
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:147
 msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:139
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:149
 msgid "debug unpack-trees"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reflog.c:499
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:8
+msgid "git rebase--helper [<options>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:24
+msgid "keep empty commits"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:26 builtin/revert.c:123
+msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:27
+msgid "rebase merge commits"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:29
+msgid "keep original branch points of cousins"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:30
+msgid "continue rebase"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:32
+msgid "abort rebase"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:35
+msgid "make rebase script"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:37
+msgid "shorten commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:39
+msgid "expand commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:41
+msgid "check the todo list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:43
+msgid "skip unnecessary picks"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:45
+msgid "rearrange fixup/squash lines"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:47
+msgid "insert exec commands in todo list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:68
+msgid "--[no-]rebase-cousins has no effect without --rebase-merges"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:31
+msgid "git receive-pack <git-dir>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:842
+msgid ""
+"By default, updating the current branch in a non-bare repository\n"
+"is denied, because it will make the index and work tree inconsistent\n"
+"with what you pushed, and will require 'git reset --hard' to match\n"
+"the work tree to HEAD.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set the 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable\n"
+"to 'ignore' or 'warn' in the remote repository to allow pushing into\n"
+"its current branch; however, this is not recommended unless you\n"
+"arranged to update its work tree to match what you pushed in some\n"
+"other way.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message and still keep the default behaviour, set\n"
+"'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:862
+msgid ""
+"By default, deleting the current branch is denied, because the next\n"
+"'git clone' won't result in any file checked out, causing confusion.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' configuration variable to\n"
+"'warn' or 'ignore' in the remote repository to allow deleting the\n"
+"current branch, with or without a warning message.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message, you can set it to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1935
+msgid "quiet"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1949
+msgid "You must specify a directory."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reflog.c:615 builtin/reflog.c:620
+#: builtin/reflog.c:532 builtin/reflog.c:537
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid timestamp"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:12
+#: builtin/remote.c:14
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:13
+#: builtin/remote.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
 "mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:14 builtin/remote.c:33
+#: builtin/remote.c:16 builtin/remote.c:36
 msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:15 builtin/remote.c:38
+#: builtin/remote.c:17 builtin/remote.c:41
 msgid "git remote remove <name>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:16
-msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete |<branch>)"
+#: builtin/remote.c:18 builtin/remote.c:46
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:17
+#: builtin/remote.c:19
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:18
+#: builtin/remote.c:20
 msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:19
+#: builtin/remote.c:21
 msgid ""
 "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:20
+#: builtin/remote.c:22
 msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:21 builtin/remote.c:69
+#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:72
+msgid "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <name>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:24 builtin/remote.c:77
 msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:70
+#: builtin/remote.c:25 builtin/remote.c:78
 msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:71
+#: builtin/remote.c:26 builtin/remote.c:79
 msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:28
+#: builtin/remote.c:31
 msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:43
-msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:48
+#: builtin/remote.c:51
 msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:49
+#: builtin/remote.c:52
 msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:54
+#: builtin/remote.c:57
 msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:59
+#: builtin/remote.c:62
 msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:64
+#: builtin/remote.c:67
 msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:88
+#: builtin/remote.c:96
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:120
+#: builtin/remote.c:128
 msgid ""
 "--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
 "\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:137
+#: builtin/remote.c:145
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:153
+#: builtin/remote.c:161
 msgid "fetch the remote branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:155
+#: builtin/remote.c:163
 msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:158
+#: builtin/remote.c:166
 msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:160
+#: builtin/remote.c:168
 msgid "branch(es) to track"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:161
+#: builtin/remote.c:169
 msgid "master branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:162
+#: builtin/remote.c:170
 msgid "push|fetch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:163
+#: builtin/remote.c:171
 msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:175
+#: builtin/remote.c:183
 msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:177
+#: builtin/remote.c:185
 msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:187 builtin/remote.c:643
+#: builtin/remote.c:192 builtin/remote.c:634
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote %s already exists."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:191 builtin/remote.c:647
+#: builtin/remote.c:196 builtin/remote.c:638
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:235
+#: builtin/remote.c:236
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:335
+#: builtin/remote.c:342
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:436 builtin/remote.c:444
+#: builtin/remote.c:441 builtin/remote.c:449
 msgid "(matching)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:448
+#: builtin/remote.c:453
 msgid "(delete)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:592 builtin/remote.c:598 builtin/remote.c:604
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:636 builtin/remote.c:795 builtin/remote.c:895
+#: builtin/remote.c:627 builtin/remote.c:762 builtin/remote.c:861
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:653
+#: builtin/remote.c:644
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:659 builtin/remote.c:847
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:674
+#: builtin/remote.c:664
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
@@ -8192,32 +12168,17 @@ msgid ""
 "\tPlease update the configuration manually if necessary."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:680
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:691
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not set '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:713
+#: builtin/remote.c:700
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:747
+#: builtin/remote.c:734
 #, c-format
 msgid "creating '%s' failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:766
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove branch %s"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:833
+#: builtin/remote.c:799
 msgid ""
 "Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
 "to delete it, use:"
@@ -8227,695 +12188,770 @@ msgid_plural ""
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:948
+#: builtin/remote.c:813
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:914
 #, c-format
 msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:951
+#: builtin/remote.c:917
 msgid " tracked"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:953
+#: builtin/remote.c:919
 msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:955
+#: builtin/remote.c:921
 msgid " ???"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:996
+#: builtin/remote.c:962
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1003
+#: builtin/remote.c:971
 #, c-format
-msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
+msgid "rebases interactively onto remote %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1006
+#: builtin/remote.c:973
 #, c-format
-msgid " merges with remote %s"
+msgid "rebases interactively (with merges) onto remote %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:976
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1007
-msgid "    and with remote"
+#: builtin/remote.c:980
+#, c-format
+msgid " merges with remote %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1009
+#: builtin/remote.c:983
 #, c-format
 msgid "merges with remote %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1010
-msgid "   and with remote"
+#: builtin/remote.c:986
+#, c-format
+msgid "%-*s    and with remote %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1056
+#: builtin/remote.c:1029
 msgid "create"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1059
+#: builtin/remote.c:1032
 msgid "delete"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1063
+#: builtin/remote.c:1036
 msgid "up to date"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1066
+#: builtin/remote.c:1039
 msgid "fast-forwardable"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1069
+#: builtin/remote.c:1042
 msgid "local out of date"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1076
+#: builtin/remote.c:1049
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1079
+#: builtin/remote.c:1052
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1083
+#: builtin/remote.c:1056
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1086
+#: builtin/remote.c:1059
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1154
+#: builtin/remote.c:1127
 msgid "do not query remotes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1181
+#: builtin/remote.c:1154
 #, c-format
 msgid "* remote %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1182
+#: builtin/remote.c:1155
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1183 builtin/remote.c:1334
+#: builtin/remote.c:1156 builtin/remote.c:1172 builtin/remote.c:1311
 msgid "(no URL)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1192 builtin/remote.c:1194
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon ':' should align
+#. with the one in " Fetch URL: %s"
+#. translation.
+#.
+#: builtin/remote.c:1170 builtin/remote.c:1172
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1196 builtin/remote.c:1198 builtin/remote.c:1200
+#: builtin/remote.c:1174 builtin/remote.c:1176 builtin/remote.c:1178
 #, c-format
 msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1202
+#: builtin/remote.c:1174
+msgid "(not queried)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1176
+msgid "(unknown)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1180
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1214
+#: builtin/remote.c:1192
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
 msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1217 builtin/remote.c:1244
+#: builtin/remote.c:1195 builtin/remote.c:1221
 msgid " (status not queried)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1226
+#: builtin/remote.c:1204
 msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
 msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1234
+#: builtin/remote.c:1212
 msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1241
+#: builtin/remote.c:1218
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
 msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1262
+#: builtin/remote.c:1239
 msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1264
+#: builtin/remote.c:1241
 msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1279
+#: builtin/remote.c:1256
 msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1281
+#: builtin/remote.c:1258
 msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1291
+#: builtin/remote.c:1268
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not delete %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1299
+#: builtin/remote.c:1276
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1301
+#: builtin/remote.c:1278
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not setup %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1319
+#: builtin/remote.c:1296
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s will become dangling!"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1320
+#: builtin/remote.c:1297
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s has become dangling!"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1330
+#: builtin/remote.c:1307
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pruning %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1331
+#: builtin/remote.c:1308
 #, c-format
 msgid "URL: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1354
+#: builtin/remote.c:1324
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [would prune] %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1357
+#: builtin/remote.c:1327
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [pruned] %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1402
+#: builtin/remote.c:1372
 msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1468 builtin/remote.c:1542
+#: builtin/remote.c:1435 builtin/remote.c:1489 builtin/remote.c:1557
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1488
+#: builtin/remote.c:1451
 msgid "add branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1495
+#: builtin/remote.c:1458
 msgid "no remote specified"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1517
+#: builtin/remote.c:1475
+msgid "query push URLs rather than fetch URLs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1477
+msgid "return all URLs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1505
+#, c-format
+msgid "no URLs configured for remote '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1531
 msgid "manipulate push URLs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1519
+#: builtin/remote.c:1533
 msgid "add URL"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1521
+#: builtin/remote.c:1535
 msgid "delete URLs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1528
+#: builtin/remote.c:1542
 msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1568
+#: builtin/remote.c:1581
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1576
+#: builtin/remote.c:1589
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such URL found: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1578
+#: builtin/remote.c:1591
 msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1592
+#: builtin/remote.c:1607
 msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:17
-msgid "git repack [options]"
+#: builtin/remote.c:1638
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:18
+msgid "git repack [<options>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:159
+#: builtin/repack.c:23
+msgid ""
+"Incremental repacks are incompatible with bitmap indexes.  Use\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index or disable the pack.writebitmaps configuration."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:180
 msgid "pack everything in a single pack"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:161
+#: builtin/repack.c:182
 msgid "same as -a, and turn unreachable objects loose"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:164
+#: builtin/repack.c:185
 msgid "remove redundant packs, and run git-prune-packed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:166
+#: builtin/repack.c:187
 msgid "pass --no-reuse-delta to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:168
+#: builtin/repack.c:189
 msgid "pass --no-reuse-object to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:170
+#: builtin/repack.c:191
 msgid "do not run git-update-server-info"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:173
+#: builtin/repack.c:194
 msgid "pass --local to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:175
+#: builtin/repack.c:196
 msgid "write bitmap index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:176
+#: builtin/repack.c:197
 msgid "approxidate"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:177
+#: builtin/repack.c:198
 msgid "with -A, do not loosen objects older than this"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:179
+#: builtin/repack.c:200
+msgid "with -a, repack unreachable objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:202
 msgid "size of the window used for delta compression"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:180 builtin/repack.c:184
+#: builtin/repack.c:203 builtin/repack.c:209
 msgid "bytes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:181
+#: builtin/repack.c:204
 msgid "same as the above, but limit memory size instead of entries count"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:183
+#: builtin/repack.c:206
 msgid "limits the maximum delta depth"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:185
+#: builtin/repack.c:208
+msgid "limits the maximum number of threads"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:210
 msgid "maximum size of each packfile"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:187
+#: builtin/repack.c:212
 msgid "repack objects in packs marked with .keep"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:371
+#: builtin/repack.c:214
+msgid "do not repack this pack"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:224
+msgid "cannot delete packs in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:228
+msgid "--keep-unreachable and -A are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:425 builtin/worktree.c:139
 #, c-format
-msgid "removing '%s' failed"
+msgid "failed to remove '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:19
+#: builtin/replace.c:22
 msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:20
+#: builtin/replace.c:23
 msgid "git replace [-f] --edit <object>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:21
+#: builtin/replace.c:24
 msgid "git replace [-f] --graft <commit> [<parent>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:22
+#: builtin/replace.c:25
+msgid "git replace [-f] --convert-graft-file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:26
 msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:23
+#: builtin/replace.c:27
 msgid "git replace [--format=<format>] [-l [<pattern>]]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:325 builtin/replace.c:363 builtin/replace.c:391
+#: builtin/replace.c:371 builtin/replace.c:415 builtin/replace.c:445
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:355
+#: builtin/replace.c:407
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad mergetag in commit '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:357
+#: builtin/replace.c:409
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed mergetag in commit '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:368
+#: builtin/replace.c:421
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "original commit '%s' contains mergetag '%s' that is discarded; use --edit "
 "instead of --graft"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:401
+#: builtin/replace.c:460
 #, c-format
 msgid "the original commit '%s' has a gpg signature."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:402
+#: builtin/replace.c:461
 msgid "the signature will be removed in the replacement commit!"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:408
+#: builtin/replace.c:471
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not write replacement commit for: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:432
+#: builtin/replace.c:514
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not convert the following graft(s):\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:535
 msgid "list replace refs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:433
+#: builtin/replace.c:536
 msgid "delete replace refs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:434
+#: builtin/replace.c:537
 msgid "edit existing object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:435
+#: builtin/replace.c:538
 msgid "change a commit's parents"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:436
+#: builtin/replace.c:539
+msgid "convert existing graft file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:540
 msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:437
+#: builtin/replace.c:542
 msgid "do not pretty-print contents for --edit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:438
+#: builtin/replace.c:543
 msgid "use this format"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/rerere.c:12
-msgid "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+#: builtin/rerere.c:13
+msgid "git rerere [clear | forget <path>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/rerere.c:57
+#: builtin/rerere.c:59
 msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:26
+#: builtin/reset.c:29
 msgid ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:27
-msgid "git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <paths>..."
+#: builtin/reset.c:30
+msgid "git reset [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:28
+#: builtin/reset.c:31
 msgid "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "mixed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "soft"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "hard"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "merge"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "keep"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:74
+#: builtin/reset.c:78
 msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:76
+#: builtin/reset.c:80
 msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:82
+#: builtin/reset.c:86
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:100
+#: builtin/reset.c:111
 #, c-format
 msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:183
+#: builtin/reset.c:189
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:276
+#: builtin/reset.c:289
 msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:278
+#: builtin/reset.c:291
 msgid "reset HEAD and index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:279
+#: builtin/reset.c:292
 msgid "reset only HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:281 builtin/reset.c:283
+#: builtin/reset.c:294 builtin/reset.c:296
 msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:285
+#: builtin/reset.c:298
 msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:288
+#: builtin/reset.c:304
 msgid "record only the fact that removed paths will be added later"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:305
+#: builtin/reset.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:308 builtin/reset.c:316
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:313
+#: builtin/reset.c:329
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:322
+#: builtin/reset.c:338
 msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#: builtin/reset.c:347
 msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:333
+#: builtin/reset.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:343
+#: builtin/reset.c:359
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#: builtin/reset.c:363
 msgid "-N can only be used with --mixed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:364
+#: builtin/reset.c:380
 msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:370
+#: builtin/reset.c:386
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:374
+#: builtin/reset.c:390
 msgid "Could not write new index file."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:361
-msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:397
+msgid "cannot combine --exclude-promisor-objects and --missing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:455
+msgid "object filtering requires --objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:458
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid sparse value '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:499
+msgid "rev-list does not support display of notes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:502
+msgid "cannot combine --use-bitmap-index with object filtering"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:406
+msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:366
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:411
 msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:368
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:413
 msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:371
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:416
 msgid "output in stuck long form"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:499
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:549
 msgid ""
-"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]\n"
 "   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
-"   or: git rev-parse [options] [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [<options>] [<arg>...]\n"
 "\n"
 "Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:22
-msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>..."
+#: builtin/revert.c:23
+msgid "git revert [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:23
+#: builtin/revert.c:24
 msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:28
-msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>..."
+#: builtin/revert.c:29
+msgid "git cherry-pick [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:29
+#: builtin/revert.c:30
 msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:71
+#: builtin/revert.c:90
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:80
+#: builtin/revert.c:99
 msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:81
+#: builtin/revert.c:100
 msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:82
+#: builtin/revert.c:101
 msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:83
+#: builtin/revert.c:102
 msgid "don't automatically commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:84
+#: builtin/revert.c:103
 msgid "edit the commit message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:87
-msgid "parent number"
+#: builtin/revert.c:106
+msgid "parent-number"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:107
+msgid "select mainline parent"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:89
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "merge strategy"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:90
+#: builtin/revert.c:110
 msgid "option"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:91
+#: builtin/revert.c:111
 msgid "option for merge strategy"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:104
+#: builtin/revert.c:120
 msgid "append commit name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:105
-msgid "allow fast-forward"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:106
+#: builtin/revert.c:122
 msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:107
-msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:108
+#: builtin/revert.c:124
 msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:112
-msgid "program error"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:197
+#: builtin/revert.c:214
 msgid "revert failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:212
+#: builtin/revert.c:227
 msgid "cherry-pick failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:17
-msgid "git rm [options] [--] <file>..."
+#: builtin/rm.c:18
+msgid "git rm [<options>] [--] <file>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:65
-msgid ""
-"the following submodule (or one of its nested submodules)\n"
-"uses a .git directory:"
-msgid_plural ""
-"the following submodules (or one of their nested submodules)\n"
-"use a .git directory:"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:71
-msgid ""
-"\n"
-"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:231
+#: builtin/rm.c:206
 msgid ""
 "the following file has staged content different from both the\n"
 "file and the HEAD:"
@@ -8925,217 +12961,659 @@ msgid_plural ""
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:236
+#: builtin/rm.c:211
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "(use -f to force removal)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:240
+#: builtin/rm.c:215
 msgid "the following file has changes staged in the index:"
 msgid_plural "the following files have changes staged in the index:"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:244 builtin/rm.c:255
+#: builtin/rm.c:219 builtin/rm.c:228
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:252
+#: builtin/rm.c:225
 msgid "the following file has local modifications:"
 msgid_plural "the following files have local modifications:"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:270
+#: builtin/rm.c:241
 msgid "do not list removed files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:271
+#: builtin/rm.c:242
 msgid "only remove from the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:272
+#: builtin/rm.c:243
 msgid "override the up-to-date check"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:273
+#: builtin/rm.c:244
 msgid "allow recursive removal"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:275
+#: builtin/rm.c:246
 msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:318
-msgid "Please, stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:336
+#: builtin/rm.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:375
+#: builtin/rm.c:345
 #, c-format
 msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:13
-msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"
+#: builtin/rm.c:368
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:131
-#, c-format
-msgid "Missing author: %s"
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:20
+msgid ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<host>:]<directory> "
+"[<ref>...]\n"
+"  --all and explicit <ref> specification are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:163
+msgid "remote name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:177
+msgid "use stateless RPC protocol"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:178
+msgid "read refs from stdin"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:179
+msgid "print status from remote helper"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:7
+msgid "git serve [<options>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:17 builtin/upload-pack.c:23
+msgid "quit after a single request/response exchange"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:230
+#: builtin/serve.c:19
+msgid "exit immediately after advertising capabilities"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:14
+msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:15
+msgid "git log --pretty=short | git shortlog [<options>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:264
+msgid "Group by committer rather than author"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:266
 msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:232
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:268
 msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:234
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:270
 msgid "Show the email address of each author"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:235
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:271
 msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:236
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:272
 msgid "Linewrap output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:9
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:298
+msgid "too many arguments given outside repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:12
 msgid ""
-"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
 "\t\t[--current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
 "\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
 "\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <glob>)...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:13
-msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:16
+msgid "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d ref"
+msgid_plural "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d refs"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "no matching refs with %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:626
 msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:654
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:628
 msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:630
 msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:658
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:632
 msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:634
 msgid "synonym to more=-1"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:661
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:635
 msgid "suppress naming strings"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:663
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:637
 msgid "include the current branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:665
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:639
 msgid "name commits with their object names"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:667
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:641
 msgid "show possible merge bases"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:669
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:643
 msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:671
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:645
 msgid "show commits in topological order"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:674
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:648
 msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:676
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:650
 msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
 msgid "topologically sort, maintaining date order where possible"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:681
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
 msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:682
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
 msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
 msgstr ""
 
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:690
+msgid ""
+"--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, --independent or --merge-base"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:714
+msgid "no branches given, and HEAD is not valid"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:717
+msgid "--reflog option needs one branch name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "only %d entry can be shown at one time."
+msgid_plural "only %d entries can be shown at one time."
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:724
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such ref %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d rev."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d revs."
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:812
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid ref."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot find commit %s (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:10
 msgid ""
-"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
-"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<pattern>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:11
-msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list"
+msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<pattern>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:159
 msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:169
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:160
 msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:161
 msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:173 builtin/show-ref.c:175
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:164 builtin/show-ref.c:166
 msgid "show the HEAD reference, even if it would be filtered out"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:177
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
 msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:179
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
 msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:183
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:174
 msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:185
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
 msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:7
-msgid "git symbolic-ref [options] name [ref]"
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:18
+msgid "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:19
+msgid "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:36
+msgid "skip and remove all lines starting with comment character"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:39
+msgid "prepend comment character and space to each line"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:37 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1688
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such ref: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:44 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1697
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expecting a full ref name, got %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:61
+msgid "submodule--helper print-default-remote takes no arguments"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:406 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1211
+msgid "alternative anchor for relative paths"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:411
+msgid "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:462 builtin/submodule--helper.c:485
+#, c-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '%s' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not lookup configuration '%s'. Assuming this repository is its own "
+"authoritative upstream."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:511
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) registered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:525
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: command update mode suggested for submodule '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:554
+msgid "Suppress output for initializing a submodule"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:559
+msgid "git submodule--helper init [<path>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:631 builtin/submodule--helper.c:757
+#, c-format
+msgid "no submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:670
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD ref inside the submodule '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:697 builtin/submodule--helper.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:721 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1031
+msgid "Suppress submodule status output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:722
+msgid ""
+"Use commit stored in the index instead of the one stored in the submodule "
+"HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:723
+msgid "recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:728
+msgid "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:752
+msgid "git submodule--helper name <path>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:816
+#, c-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:836
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to get the default remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:847
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to update remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:895
+msgid "Suppress output of synchronizing submodule url"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:897
+msgid "Recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:902
+msgid "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<path>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains a .git directory (use 'rm -rf' if you "
+"really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:968
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains local modifications; use '-f' to discard "
+"them"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:976
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cleared directory '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:978
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:987
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create empty submodule directory %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) unregistered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1032
+msgid "Remove submodule working trees even if they contain local changes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1033
+msgid "Unregister all submodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1038
+msgid ""
+"git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1052
+msgid "Use '--all' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1145 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1148
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' cannot add alternate: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1184
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateErrorStrategy is not recognized"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1191
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateLocation is not recognized"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1214
+msgid "where the new submodule will be cloned to"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1217
+msgid "name of the new submodule"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1220
+msgid "url where to clone the submodule from"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1228
+msgid "depth for shallow clones"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1231 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1606
+msgid "force cloning progress"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1236
+msgid ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<path>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<repository>] [--name <name>] [--depth <depth>] --url <url> --path <path>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1267
+#, c-format
+msgid "clone of '%s' into submodule path '%s' failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1281
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get submodule directory for '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1347
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule path '%s' not initialized"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1351
+msgid "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1380
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping unmerged submodule %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1409
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping submodule '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1544
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s'. Retry scheduled"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1555
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s' a second time, aborting"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1585 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1808
+msgid "path into the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1588
+msgid "path into the working tree, across nested submodule boundaries"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1592
+msgid "rebase, merge, checkout or none"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1598
+msgid "Create a shallow clone truncated to the specified number of revisions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1601
+msgid "parallel jobs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1603
+msgid "whether the initial clone should follow the shallow recommendation"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1604
+msgid "don't print cloning progress"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1611
+msgid "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1624
+msgid "bad value for update parameter"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1692
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule (%s) branch configured to inherit branch from superproject, but "
+"the superproject is not on any branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1809
+msgid "recurse into submodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1815
+msgid "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1901
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s doesn't support --super-prefix"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1907
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid submodule--helper subcommand"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:8
-msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] name"
+msgid "git symbolic-ref [<options>] <name> [<ref>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:9
+msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <name>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40
@@ -9150,59 +13628,46 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "shorten ref output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:358
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
 msgid "reason"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:358
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
 msgid "reason of the update"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:22
+#: builtin/tag.c:24
 msgid ""
-"git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]"
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>] <tagname> "
+"[<head>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:23
+#: builtin/tag.c:25
 msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:24
-msgid ""
-"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>] \n"
-"\t\t[<pattern>...]"
-msgstr ""
-
 #: builtin/tag.c:26
-msgid "git tag -v <tagname>..."
+msgid ""
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--no-contains <commit>] [--"
+"points-at <object>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<format>] [--[no-]merged [<commit>]] [<pattern>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:69
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+#: builtin/tag.c:28
+msgid "git tag -v [--format=<format>] <tagname>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:301
-#, c-format
-msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:306
+#: builtin/tag.c:86
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' not found."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:321
+#: builtin/tag.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:333
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:343
+#: builtin/tag.c:132
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -9211,7 +13676,7 @@ msgid ""
 "Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:347
+#: builtin/tag.c:136
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -9221,864 +13686,1753 @@ msgid ""
 "want to.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:371
-#, c-format
-msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:373
-#, c-format
-msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s' in variable '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:428
+#: builtin/tag.c:190
 msgid "unable to sign the tag"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:430
+#: builtin/tag.c:192
 msgid "unable to write tag file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:455
+#: builtin/tag.c:217
 msgid "bad object type."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:468
-msgid "tag header too big."
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:504
+#: builtin/tag.c:266
 msgid "no tag message?"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:510
+#: builtin/tag.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:559
-msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:561
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:589
+#: builtin/tag.c:382
 msgid "list tag names"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:591
+#: builtin/tag.c:384
 msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:593
+#: builtin/tag.c:386
 msgid "delete tags"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:594
+#: builtin/tag.c:387
 msgid "verify tags"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:596
+#: builtin/tag.c:389
 msgid "Tag creation options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:598
+#: builtin/tag.c:391
 msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:600
+#: builtin/tag.c:393
 msgid "tag message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:602
+#: builtin/tag.c:395
+msgid "force edit of tag message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:396
 msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:606
+#: builtin/tag.c:400
 msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:607
+#: builtin/tag.c:401
 msgid "replace the tag if exists"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:608
-msgid "show tag list in columns"
+#: builtin/tag.c:402 builtin/update-ref.c:368
+msgid "create a reflog"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:610
-msgid "sort tags"
+#: builtin/tag.c:404
+msgid "Tag listing options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:614
-msgid "Tag listing options"
+#: builtin/tag.c:405
+msgid "show tag list in columns"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:617 builtin/tag.c:623
+#: builtin/tag.c:406 builtin/tag.c:408
 msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:629
+#: builtin/tag.c:407 builtin/tag.c:409
+msgid "print only tags that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:410
+msgid "print only tags that are merged"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:411
+msgid "print only tags that are not merged"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:416
 msgid "print only tags of the object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:655
+#: builtin/tag.c:460
 msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:667
-msgid "--sort and -n are incompatible"
+#: builtin/tag.c:482
+msgid "-n option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:484
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed in list mode"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:674
-msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
+#: builtin/tag.c:486
+msgid "--no-contains option is only allowed in list mode"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:676
-msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
+#: builtin/tag.c:488
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed in list mode"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:678
-msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
+#: builtin/tag.c:490
+msgid "--merged and --no-merged options are only allowed in list mode"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:686
+#: builtin/tag.c:501
 msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:706
+#: builtin/tag.c:520
 msgid "too many params"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:712
+#: builtin/tag.c:526
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:717
+#: builtin/tag.c:531
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:741
+#: builtin/tag.c:562
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:489
+#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:498
 msgid "Unpacking objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:403
-msgid "git update-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create file %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete file %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:113 builtin/update-index.c:219
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete directory %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:138
+#, c-format
+msgid "Testing mtime in '%s' "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:152
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:165
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:178
+msgid "directory stat info changes after updating a file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:189
+msgid "directory stat info changes after adding a file inside subdirectory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:200
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:756
+#: builtin/update-index.c:213
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:220
+msgid " OK"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:589
+msgid "git update-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:946
 msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:759
+#: builtin/update-index.c:949
 msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:762
+#: builtin/update-index.c:952
 msgid "do not ignore new files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:764
+#: builtin/update-index.c:954
 msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:766
+#: builtin/update-index.c:956
 msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:768
+#: builtin/update-index.c:958
 msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:771
+#: builtin/update-index.c:961
 msgid "refresh stat information"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:775
+#: builtin/update-index.c:965
 msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:779
+#: builtin/update-index.c:969
 msgid "<mode>,<object>,<path>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:780
+#: builtin/update-index.c:970
 msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:784
-msgid "(+/-)x"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/update-index.c:785
-msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/update-index.c:789
+#: builtin/update-index.c:979
 msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:792
+#: builtin/update-index.c:982
 msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:795
+#: builtin/update-index.c:985
 msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:798
+#: builtin/update-index.c:988
 msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:801
+#: builtin/update-index.c:991
 msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:803
+#: builtin/update-index.c:993
 msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:805
+#: builtin/update-index.c:995
 msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:807
+#: builtin/update-index.c:997
 msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:811
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1001
 msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:815
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1005
 msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:819
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1009
 msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:823
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1013
 msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:826
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1016
 msgid "report actions to standard output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:828
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1018
 msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:832
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1022
 msgid "write index in this format"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:834
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1024
 msgid "enable or disable split index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:9
-msgid "git update-ref [options] -d <refname> [<oldval>]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1026
+msgid "enable/disable untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1028
+msgid "test if the filesystem supports untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1030
+msgid "enable untracked cache without testing the filesystem"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1032
+msgid "write out the index even if is not flagged as changed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1034
+msgid "enable or disable file system monitor"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1036
+msgid "mark files as fsmonitor valid"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1039
+msgid "clear fsmonitor valid bit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1138
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"enable split index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1147
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"disable split index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1158
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to disable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1162
+msgid "Untracked cache disabled"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1170
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to enable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1174
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked cache enabled for '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1182
+msgid "core.fsmonitor is unset; set it if you really want to enable fsmonitor"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1186
+msgid "fsmonitor enabled"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1189
+msgid ""
+"core.fsmonitor is set; remove it if you really want to disable fsmonitor"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1193
+msgid "fsmonitor disabled"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:10
-msgid "git update-ref [options]    <refname> <newval> [<oldval>]"
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] -d <refname> [<old-val>]"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:11
-msgid "git update-ref [options] --stdin [-z]"
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>]    <refname> <new-val> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:12
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] --stdin [-z]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:359
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
 msgid "delete the reference"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:361
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:365
 msgid "update <refname> not the one it points to"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:362
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:366
 msgid "stdin has NUL-terminated arguments"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:367
 msgid "read updates from stdin"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-server-info.c:6
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:7
 msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/update-server-info.c:14
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:15
 msgid "update the info files from scratch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/verify-commit.c:17
-msgid "git verify-commit [-v|--verbose] <commit>..."
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:11
+msgid "git upload-pack [<options>] <dir>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/verify-commit.c:75
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:25
+msgid "exit immediately after initial ref advertisement"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:27
+msgid "do not try <directory>/.git/ if <directory> is no Git directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:29
+msgid "interrupt transfer after <n> seconds of inactivity"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:18
+msgid "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <commit>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:73
 msgid "print commit contents"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:54
-msgid "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>..."
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:74 builtin/verify-tag.c:38
+msgid "print raw gpg status output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:55
+msgid "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <pack>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:64
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:65
 msgid "verbose"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:66
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:67
 msgid "show statistics only"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/verify-tag.c:17
-msgid "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>..."
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:19
+msgid "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<format>] <tag>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/verify-tag.c:73
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:37
 msgid "print tag contents"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:13
+#: builtin/worktree.c:17
+msgid "git worktree add [<options>] <path> [<commit-ish>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:18
+msgid "git worktree list [<options>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:19
+msgid "git worktree lock [<options>] <path>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:20
+msgid "git worktree move <worktree> <new-path>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:21
+msgid "git worktree prune [<options>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:22
+msgid "git worktree remove [<options>] <worktree>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:23
+msgid "git worktree unlock <path>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: not a valid directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:64
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file does not exist"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:69 builtin/worktree.c:78
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: unable to read gitdir file (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Removing worktrees/%s: short read (expected %<PRIuMAX> bytes, read "
+"%<PRIuMAX>)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:96
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: invalid gitdir file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file points to non-existent location"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:152
+msgid "report pruned working trees"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:154
+msgid "expire working trees older than <time>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:229
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' already exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:260
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory of '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:373 builtin/worktree.c:379
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (new branch '%s')"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:375
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (resetting branch '%s'; was at %s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:384
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (checking out '%s')"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:390
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (detached HEAD %s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:431
+msgid "checkout <branch> even if already checked out in other worktree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:434
+msgid "create a new branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:436
+msgid "create or reset a branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:438
+msgid "populate the new working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:439
+msgid "keep the new working tree locked"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:441
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-branch(1))"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:444
+msgid "try to match the new branch name with a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:452
+msgid "-b, -B, and --detach are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:511
+msgid "--[no-]track can only be used if a new branch is created"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:611
+msgid "reason for locking"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:623 builtin/worktree.c:656 builtin/worktree.c:710
+#: builtin/worktree.c:850
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:625 builtin/worktree.c:658
+msgid "The main working tree cannot be locked or unlocked"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:630
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked, reason: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:660
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not locked"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:685
+msgid "working trees containing submodules cannot be moved or removed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:712 builtin/worktree.c:852
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is a main working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not figure out destination name from '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "target '%s' already exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:732
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:735
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot move working tree: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:740
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to move '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:788
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:792
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is dirty, use --force to delete it"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:797
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s', code %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:808 builtin/worktree.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:834
+msgid "force removing even if the worktree is dirty"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:856
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:858
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:861
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot remove working tree: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:14
 msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:26
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
 msgid "<prefix>/"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:28
 msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:30
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:31
 msgid "only useful for debugging"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: credential-cache--daemon.c:267
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The permissions on your socket directory are too loose; other\n"
+"users may be able to read your cached credentials. Consider running:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:271
 msgid "print debugging messages to stderr"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git.c:14
+#: git.c:27
+msgid ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--"
+"bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]\n"
+"           <command> [<args>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git.c:34
 msgid ""
 "'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some\n"
 "concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
 "to read about a specific subcommand or concept."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:8
+#: git.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --git-dir\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git.c:187
+#, c-format
+msgid "no namespace given for --namespace\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git.c:201
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --work-tree\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "no prefix given for --super-prefix\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git.c:237
+#, c-format
+msgid "-c expects a configuration string\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for -C\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git.c:300
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid "expansion of alias '%s' failed; '%s' is not a git command\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git.c:777
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run command '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: http.c:348
+#, c-format
+msgid "negative value for http.postbuffer; defaulting to %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: http.c:369
+msgid "Delegation control is not supported with cURL < 7.22.0"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: http.c:378
+msgid "Public key pinning not supported with cURL < 7.44.0"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: http.c:1854
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unable to update url base from redirection:\n"
+"  asked for: %s\n"
+"   redirect: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote-curl.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "redirecting to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:59
+msgid "args"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:60
+msgid "object filtering"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: parse-options.h:157
+msgid "expiry-date"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: parse-options.h:172
+msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: parse-options.h:251
+msgid "be more verbose"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: parse-options.h:253
+msgid "be more quiet"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: parse-options.h:259
+msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:50
 msgid "Add file contents to the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:9
-msgid "Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug"
+#: command-list.h:51
+msgid "Apply a series of patches from a mailbox"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:52
+msgid "Annotate file lines with commit information"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:53
+msgid "Apply a patch to files and/or to the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:54
+msgid "Import an Arch repository into Git"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:10
+#: command-list.h:55
+msgid "Create an archive of files from a named tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:56
+msgid "Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:57
+msgid "Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:58
 msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:11
-msgid "Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree"
+#: command-list.h:59
+msgid "Move objects and refs by archive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:60
+msgid "Provide content or type and size information for repository objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:61
+msgid "Display gitattributes information"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:12
+#: command-list.h:62
+msgid "Debug gitignore / exclude files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:63
+msgid "Show canonical names and email addresses of contacts"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:64
+msgid "Switch branches or restore working tree files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:65
+msgid "Copy files from the index to the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:66
+msgid "Ensures that a reference name is well formed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:67
+msgid "Find commits yet to be applied to upstream"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:68
+msgid "Apply the changes introduced by some existing commits"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:69
+msgid "Graphical alternative to git-commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:70
+msgid "Remove untracked files from the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:71
 msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:13
+#: command-list.h:72
+msgid "Display data in columns"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:73
 msgid "Record changes to the repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:14
+#: command-list.h:74
+msgid "Write and verify Git commit graph files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:75
+msgid "Create a new commit object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:76
+msgid "Get and set repository or global options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:77
+msgid "Count unpacked number of objects and their disk consumption"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:78
+msgid "Retrieve and store user credentials"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:79
+msgid "Helper to temporarily store passwords in memory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:80
+msgid "Helper to store credentials on disk"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:81
+msgid "Export a single commit to a CVS checkout"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:82
+msgid "Salvage your data out of another SCM people love to hate"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:83
+msgid "A CVS server emulator for Git"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:84
+msgid "A really simple server for Git repositories"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:85
+msgid "Give an object a human readable name based on an available ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:86
 msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:15
+#: command-list.h:87
+msgid "Compares files in the working tree and the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:88
+msgid "Compare a tree to the working tree or index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:89
+msgid "Compares the content and mode of blobs found via two tree objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:90
+msgid "Show changes using common diff tools"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:91
+msgid "Git data exporter"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:92
+msgid "Backend for fast Git data importers"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:93
 msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:16
+#: command-list.h:94
+msgid "Receive missing objects from another repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:95
+msgid "Rewrite branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:96
+msgid "Produce a merge commit message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:97
+msgid "Output information on each ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:98
+msgid "Prepare patches for e-mail submission"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:99
+msgid "Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:100
+msgid "Cleanup unnecessary files and optimize the local repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:101
+msgid "Extract commit ID from an archive created using git-archive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:102
 msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:17
+#: command-list.h:103
+msgid "A portable graphical interface to Git"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:104
+msgid "Compute object ID and optionally creates a blob from a file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:105
+msgid "Display help information about Git"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:106
+msgid "Server side implementation of Git over HTTP"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:107
+msgid "Download from a remote Git repository via HTTP"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:108
+msgid "Push objects over HTTP/DAV to another repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:109
+msgid "Send a collection of patches from stdin to an IMAP folder"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:110
+msgid "Build pack index file for an existing packed archive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:111
 msgid "Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:18
+#: command-list.h:112
+msgid "Instantly browse your working repository in gitweb"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:113
+msgid "add or parse structured information in commit messages"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:114
+msgid "The Git repository browser"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:115
 msgid "Show commit logs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:19
+#: command-list.h:116
+msgid "Show information about files in the index and the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:117
+msgid "List references in a remote repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:118
+msgid "List the contents of a tree object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:119
+msgid "Extracts patch and authorship from a single e-mail message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:120
+msgid "Simple UNIX mbox splitter program"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:121
 msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:20
+#: command-list.h:122
+msgid "Find as good common ancestors as possible for a merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:123
+msgid "Run a three-way file merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:124
+msgid "Run a merge for files needing merging"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:125
+msgid "The standard helper program to use with git-merge-index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:126
+msgid "Run merge conflict resolution tools to resolve merge conflicts"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:127
+msgid "Show three-way merge without touching index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:128
+msgid "Creates a tag object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:129
+msgid "Build a tree-object from ls-tree formatted text"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:130
 msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:21
+#: command-list.h:131
+msgid "Find symbolic names for given revs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:132
+msgid "Add or inspect object notes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:133
+msgid "Import from and submit to Perforce repositories"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:134
+msgid "Create a packed archive of objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:135
+msgid "Find redundant pack files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:136
+msgid "Pack heads and tags for efficient repository access"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:137
+msgid "Routines to help parsing remote repository access parameters"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:138
+msgid "Compute unique ID for a patch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:139
+msgid "Prune all unreachable objects from the object database"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:140
+msgid "Remove extra objects that are already in pack files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:141
 msgid "Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:22
+#: command-list.h:142
 msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:23
-msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
+#: command-list.h:143
+msgid "Applies a quilt patchset onto the current branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:144
+msgid "Reads tree information into the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:145
+msgid "Reapply commits on top of another base tip"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:146
+msgid "Receive what is pushed into the repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:147
+msgid "Manage reflog information"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:148
+msgid "Manage set of tracked repositories"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:149
+msgid "Pack unpacked objects in a repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:150
+msgid "Create, list, delete refs to replace objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:151
+msgid "Generates a summary of pending changes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:24
+#: command-list.h:152
+msgid "Reuse recorded resolution of conflicted merges"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:153
 msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:25
+#: command-list.h:154
+msgid "Revert some existing commits"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:155
+msgid "Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:156
+msgid "Pick out and massage parameters"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:157
 msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:26
+#: command-list.h:158
+msgid "Send a collection of patches as emails"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:159
+msgid "Push objects over Git protocol to another repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:160
+msgid "Restricted login shell for Git-only SSH access"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:161
+msgid "Summarize 'git log' output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:162
 msgid "Show various types of objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:27
+#: command-list.h:163
+msgid "Show branches and their commits"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:164
+msgid "Show packed archive index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:165
+msgid "List references in a local repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:166
+msgid "Git's i18n setup code for shell scripts"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:167
+msgid "Common Git shell script setup code"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:168
+msgid "Stash the changes in a dirty working directory away"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:169
+msgid "Add file contents to the staging area"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: command-list.h:170
 msgid "Show the working tree status"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: common-cmds.h:28
-msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
+#: command-list.h:171
+msgid "Remove unnecessary whitespace"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: parse-options.h:143
-msgid "expiry-date"
+#: command-list.h:172
+msgid "Initialize, update or inspect submodules"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: parse-options.h:158
-msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
+#: command-list.h:173
+msgid "Bidirectional operation between a Subversion repository and Git"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: parse-options.h:232
-msgid "be more verbose"
+#: command-list.h:174
+msgid "Read, modify and delete symbolic refs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: parse-options.h:234
-msgid "be more quiet"
+#: command-list.h:175
+msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: parse-options.h:240
-msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
+#: command-list.h:176
+msgid "Creates a temporary file with a blob's contents"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: rerere.h:27
-msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
+#: command-list.h:177
+msgid "Unpack objects from a packed archive"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:53
-msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
+#: command-list.h:178
+msgid "Register file contents in the working tree to the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:98
-msgid ""
-"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
-"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+#: command-list.h:179
+msgid "Update the object name stored in a ref safely"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:108
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"When you have resolved this problem, run \"$cmdline --continue\".\n"
-"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"$cmdline --skip\" instead.\n"
-"To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+#: command-list.h:180
+msgid "Update auxiliary info file to help dumb servers"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:124
-msgid "Cannot fall back to three-way merge."
+#: command-list.h:181
+msgid "Send archive back to git-archive"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:140
-msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+#: command-list.h:182
+msgid "Send objects packed back to git-fetch-pack"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:142
-msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
+#: command-list.h:183
+msgid "Show a Git logical variable"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:157
-msgid ""
-"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
-"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+#: command-list.h:184
+msgid "Check the GPG signature of commits"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:166
-msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+#: command-list.h:185
+msgid "Validate packed Git archive files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:182
-msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
+#: command-list.h:186
+msgid "Check the GPG signature of tags"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:277
-msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+#: command-list.h:187
+msgid "Git web interface (web frontend to Git repositories)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:364
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
+#: command-list.h:188
+msgid "Show logs with difference each commit introduces"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:366
-msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+#: command-list.h:189
+msgid "Manage multiple working trees"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:398
-msgid ""
-"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
-"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
+#: command-list.h:190
+msgid "Create a tree object from the current index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:496
-#, sh-format
-msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
+#: command-list.h:191
+msgid "Defining attributes per path"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:501
-msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
+#: command-list.h:192
+msgid "Git command-line interface and conventions"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:537
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Stray $dotest directory found.\n"
-"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
+#: command-list.h:193
+msgid "A Git core tutorial for developers"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:545
-msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+#: command-list.h:194
+msgid "Git for CVS users"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:612
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
+#: command-list.h:195
+msgid "Tweaking diff output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:722
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?\n"
-"If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
-"To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+#: command-list.h:196
+msgid "A useful minimum set of commands for Everyday Git"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:749
-msgid "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
+#: command-list.h:197
+msgid "A Git Glossary"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:796
-msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+#: command-list.h:198
+msgid "Hooks used by Git"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:800
-msgid "Commit Body is:"
+#: command-list.h:199
+msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
 msgstr ""
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
-#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
-#. input at this point.
-#: git-am.sh:807
-msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
+#: command-list.h:200
+msgid "Defining submodule properties"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:843
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
+#: command-list.h:201
+msgid "Git namespaces"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:864
-msgid ""
-"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
-"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
-"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
+#: command-list.h:202
+msgid "Git Repository Layout"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:872
-msgid ""
-"You still have unmerged paths in your index\n"
-"did you forget to use 'git add'?"
+#: command-list.h:203
+msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:888
-msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+#: command-list.h:204
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git: part two"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:898
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+#: command-list.h:205
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:901
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"The copy of the patch that failed is found in:\n"
-"   $dotest/patch"
+#: command-list.h:206
+msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-am.sh:919
-msgid "applying to an empty history"
+#: rerere.h:40
+msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:48
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
 msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:54
+#: git-bisect.sh:60
 msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#: git-bisect.sh:121
 #, sh-format
 msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#: git-bisect.sh:125
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:117
+#: git-bisect.sh:154
 msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#: git-bisect.sh:167
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <valid-branch>'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:140
+#: git-bisect.sh:177
 msgid "won't bisect on cg-seek'ed tree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:144
+#: git-bisect.sh:181
 msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#: git-bisect.sh:233
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#: git-bisect.sh:246
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:232
-msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
+#: git-bisect.sh:265
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $bisected_head"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#: git-bisect.sh:274
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:253
-msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
+#: git-bisect.sh:283
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' can take only one argument."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:276
-msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a bad commit."
+#: git-bisect.sh:306
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a $TERM_BAD commit."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:282
+#: git-bisect.sh:312
 msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:292
+#: git-bisect.sh:324
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"You need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.\n"
-"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+"You need to give me at least one $bad_syn and one $good_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:295
+#: git-bisect.sh:327
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
-"You then need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.\n"
-"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+"You then need to give me at least one $good_syn and one $bad_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:366 git-bisect.sh:493
+#: git-bisect.sh:398 git-bisect.sh:512
 msgid "We are not bisecting."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:373
+#: git-bisect.sh:405
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:382
+#: git-bisect.sh:414
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
 "Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:409
+#: git-bisect.sh:422
 msgid "No logfile given"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:410
+#: git-bisect.sh:423
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#: git-bisect.sh:444
 msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:439
+#: git-bisect.sh:453
+msgid "bisect run failed: no command provided."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:458
 #, sh-format
 msgid "running $command"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:446
+#: git-bisect.sh:465
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
 "exit code $res from '$command' is < 0 or >= 128"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:472
+#: git-bisect.sh:491
 msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:478
+#: git-bisect.sh:497
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
 "'bisect_state $state' exited with error code $res"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:485
+#: git-bisect.sh:504
 msgid "bisect run success"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-pull.sh:21
-msgid ""
-"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
-"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
-"as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
+#: git-bisect.sh:533
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Invalid command: you're currently in a $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD bisect."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-pull.sh:25
-msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+#: git-bisect.sh:567
+msgid "no terms defined"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-pull.sh:31
+#: git-bisect.sh:584
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
-"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+"invalid argument $arg for 'git bisect terms'.\n"
+"Supported options are: --term-good|--term-old and --term-bad|--term-new."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-pull.sh:245
-msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:46
+msgid ""
+"Error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by "
+"merge"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-pull.sh:269
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
-"Warning: fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
-"Warning: commit $orig_head."
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:61
+msgid "Automated merge did not work."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-pull.sh:294
-msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:62
+msgid "Should not be doing an octopus."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-pull.sh:298
-msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:73
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find common commit with $pretty_name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:57
-msgid ""
-"When you have resolved this problem, run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
-"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"git rebase --skip\" instead.\n"
-"To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run \"git rebase --abort"
-"\"."
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:77
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Already up to date with $pretty_name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:165
-msgid "Applied autostash."
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding to: $pretty_name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:168
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:97
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Cannot store $stash_sha1"
+msgid "Trying simple merge with $pretty_name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:169
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:102
+msgid "Simple merge did not work, trying automatic merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:61
 msgid ""
-"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
-"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
-"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
+"Resolve all conflicts manually, mark them as resolved with\n"
+"\"git add/rm <conflicted_files>\", then run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"You can instead skip this commit: run \"git rebase --skip\".\n"
+"To abort and get back to the state before \"git rebase\", run \"git rebase --"
+"abort\"."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:208
-msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
+#: git-rebase.sh:173 git-rebase.sh:442
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:213
-msgid "It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase."
+#: git-rebase.sh:184
+msgid "Applied autostash."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:187
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot store $stash_sha1"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:351
-msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
+#: git-rebase.sh:229
+msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:234
+msgid "It looks like 'git am' is in progress. Cannot rebase."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:356
+#: git-rebase.sh:403
 msgid "No rebase in progress?"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:367
+#: git-rebase.sh:414
 msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:374
+#: git-rebase.sh:421
 msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:377
+#: git-rebase.sh:424
 msgid ""
 "You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
 "mark them as resolved using git add"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:395
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:414
+#: git-rebase.sh:468
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
@@ -10091,471 +15445,1538 @@ msgid ""
 "valuable there."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:465
+#: git-rebase.sh:509
+msgid "error: cannot combine '--signoff' with '--preserve-merges'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:537
 #, sh-format
-msgid "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
+msgid "invalid upstream '$upstream_name'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:489
+#: git-rebase.sh:561
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:492 git-rebase.sh:496
+#: git-rebase.sh:564 git-rebase.sh:568
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:501
+#: git-rebase.sh:573
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:524
+#: git-rebase.sh:599
 #, sh-format
-msgid "fatal: no such branch: $branch_name"
+msgid "fatal: no such branch/commit '$branch_name'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:557
+#: git-rebase.sh:632
 msgid "Cannot autostash"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:562
+#: git-rebase.sh:637
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Created autostash: $stash_abbrev"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:566
+#: git-rebase.sh:641
 msgid "Please commit or stash them."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:586
+#: git-rebase.sh:664
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:666
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:590
+#: git-rebase.sh:674
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:676
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:601
+#: git-rebase.sh:688
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:610
+#: git-rebase.sh:697
 msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:620
+#: git-rebase.sh:707
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:51
+#: git-stash.sh:61
 msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:74
+#: git-stash.sh:108
 msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:89
+#: git-stash.sh:123
 msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:124 git-stash.sh:137
+#: git-stash.sh:138
+msgid "Cannot save the untracked files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:158 git-stash.sh:171
 msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:141
+#: git-stash.sh:175
 msgid "No changes selected"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:144
+#: git-stash.sh:178
 msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:157
+#: git-stash.sh:191
 msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:191
+#: git-stash.sh:229
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Cannot update $ref_stash with $w_commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: $option is an invalid option, like
-#. `--blah-blah'. The 7 spaces at the beginning of the
-#. second line correspond to "error: ". So you should line
-#. up the second line with however many characters the
-#. translation of "error: " takes in your language. E.g. in
-#. English this is:
-#.
-#. $ git stash save --blah-blah 2>&1 | head -n 2
-#. error: unknown option for 'stash save': --blah-blah
-#. To provide a message, use git stash save -- '--blah-blah'
-#: git-stash.sh:238
+#: git-stash.sh:281
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
-"       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
+msgid "error: unknown option for 'stash push': $option"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:295
+msgid "Can't use --patch and --include-untracked or --all at the same time"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:259
+#: git-stash.sh:303
 msgid "No local changes to save"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:263
+#: git-stash.sh:308
 msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:267
+#: git-stash.sh:312
 msgid "Cannot save the current status"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:285
+#: git-stash.sh:313
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Saved working directory and index state $stash_msg"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:342
 msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:384
-msgid "No stash found."
+#: git-stash.sh:490
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unknown option: $opt"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:503
+msgid "No stash entries found."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:391
+#: git-stash.sh:510
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:397
+#: git-stash.sh:525
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$reference is not a valid reference"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:425
+#: git-stash.sh:553
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:436
+#: git-stash.sh:564
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:444
+#: git-stash.sh:572
 msgid "unable to refresh index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:448
+#: git-stash.sh:576
 msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:456
+#: git-stash.sh:584
 msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:458
+#: git-stash.sh:586
 msgid "Could not save index tree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:492
+#: git-stash.sh:595
+msgid "Could not restore untracked files from stash entry"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:620
 msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:507
+#: git-stash.sh:635
 msgid "Index was not unstashed."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:530
+#: git-stash.sh:649
+msgid "The stash entry is kept in case you need it again."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:658
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:531
+#: git-stash.sh:659
 #, sh-format
 msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:539
+#: git-stash.sh:667
 msgid "No branch name specified"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:611
+#: git-stash.sh:746
 msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:95
+#: git-submodule.sh:188
+msgid "Relative path can only be used from the toplevel of the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:198
 #, sh-format
-msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
+msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:237
+#: git-submodule.sh:217
 #, sh-format
-msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:287
+#: git-submodule.sh:220
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index and is not a submodule"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:296
+#: git-submodule.sh:226
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
+msgid ""
+"The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"Use -f if you really want to add it."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:406
-msgid "Relative path can only be used from the toplevel of the working tree"
+#: git-submodule.sh:249
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:416
+#: git-submodule.sh:251
 #, sh-format
-msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:433
+#: git-submodule.sh:259
 #, sh-format
-msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
+msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:437
+#: git-submodule.sh:261
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
-"$sm_path\n"
-"Use -f if you really want to add it."
+"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct "
+"repo\n"
+"or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
+"option."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:455
+#: git-submodule.sh:267
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
+msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:457
+#: git-submodule.sh:279
 #, sh-format
-msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
+msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:465
+#: git-submodule.sh:284
 #, sh-format
-msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
+msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:467
+#: git-submodule.sh:293
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from"
+msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:354
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Entering '$displaypath'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:374
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopping at '$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:469
+#: git-submodule.sh:600
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:610
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:615
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo"
+"Unable to find current ${remote_name}/${branch} revision in submodule path "
+"'$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:470
+#: git-submodule.sh:633
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:639
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
-"option."
+"Fetched in submodule path '$displaypath', but it did not contain $sha1. "
+"Direct fetching of that commit failed."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:472
+#: git-submodule.sh:646
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:484
+#: git-submodule.sh:647
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': checked out '$sha1'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:489
+#: git-submodule.sh:651
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:498
+#: git-submodule.sh:652
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': rebased into '$sha1'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:542
+#: git-submodule.sh:657
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Entering '$prefix$displaypath'"
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:658
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': merged in '$sha1'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:562
+#: git-submodule.sh:663
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Stopping at '$prefix$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgid "Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:608
+#: git-submodule.sh:664
 #, sh-format
-msgid "No url found for submodule path '$displaypath' in .gitmodules"
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': '$command $sha1'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:695
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:791
+msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:617
+#: git-submodule.sh:843
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:619
+#: git-submodule.sh:863
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:636
+#: git-submodule.sh:866
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:674
+#: git-submodule.sh:869
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Use '.' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:691
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:89
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains a .git directory"
+msgid "See git-${cmd}(1) for details."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:692
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:142
 #, sh-format
+msgid "Rebasing ($new_count/$total)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:158
 msgid ""
-"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+"\n"
+"Commands:\n"
+"p, pick <commit> = use commit\n"
+"r, reword <commit> = use commit, but edit the commit message\n"
+"e, edit <commit> = use commit, but stop for amending\n"
+"s, squash <commit> = use commit, but meld into previous commit\n"
+"f, fixup <commit> = like \"squash\", but discard this commit's log message\n"
+"x, exec <command> = run command (the rest of the line) using shell\n"
+"d, drop <commit> = remove commit\n"
+"l, label <label> = label current HEAD with a name\n"
+"t, reset <label> = reset HEAD to a label\n"
+"m, merge [-C <commit> | -c <commit>] <label> [# <oneline>]\n"
+".       create a merge commit using the original merge commit's\n"
+".       message (or the oneline, if no original merge commit was\n"
+".       specified). Use -c <commit> to reword the commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:179
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Do not remove any line. Use 'drop' explicitly to remove a commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:698
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:183
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:221
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains local modifications; use '-f' to "
-"discard them"
+"You can amend the commit now, with\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Once you are satisfied with your changes, run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:701
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:246
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Cleared directory '$displaypath'"
+msgid "$sha1: not a commit that can be picked"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:702
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:285
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Invalid commit name: $sha1"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:705
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:325
+msgid "Cannot write current commit's replacement sha1"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:376
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Could not create empty submodule directory '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Fast-forward to $sha1"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:714
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:378
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Cannot fast-forward to $sha1"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:830
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:387
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Submodule path '$displaypath' not initialized\n"
-"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgid "Cannot move HEAD to $first_parent"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:392
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Refusing to squash a merge: $sha1"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:852
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:410
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Error redoing merge $sha1"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:876
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:419
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Could not pick $sha1"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:890
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:428
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "This is the commit message #${n}:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:891
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:433
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgid "The commit message #${n} will be skipped:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:895
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:444
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "This is a combination of $count commit."
+msgid_plural "This is a combination of $count commits."
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:453
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot write $fixup_msg"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:896
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:456
+msgid "This is a combination of 2 commits."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:497 git-rebase--interactive.sh:540
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:543
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgid "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:901
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:572
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid ""
+"Could not amend commit after successfully picking $sha1... $rest\n"
+"This is most likely due to an empty commit message, or the pre-commit hook\n"
+"failed. If the pre-commit hook failed, you may need to resolve the issue "
+"before\n"
+"you are able to reword the commit."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:902
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:587
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgid "Stopped at $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:602
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot '$squash_style' without a previous commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:907
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:644
 #, sh-format
+msgid "Executing: $rest"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:652
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Execution failed: $rest"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:654
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:656
 msgid ""
-"Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule  path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+"You can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:908
+#. TRANSLATORS: after these lines is a command to be issued by the user
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:669
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': '$command $sha1'"
+msgid ""
+"Execution succeeded: $rest\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:938
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:680
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Unknown command: $command $sha1 $rest"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1046
-msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:681
+msgid "Please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1098
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:716
 #, sh-format
-msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
+msgid "Successfully rebased and updated $head_name."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1118
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:740
+msgid "could not detach HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:778
+msgid "Could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:783
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgid ""
+"You have staged changes in your working tree.\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be\n"
+"squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:800
+msgid "Error trying to find the author identity to amend commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:805
+msgid ""
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:810 git-rebase--interactive.sh:814
+msgid "Could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:843
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.\n"
+"To continue rebase after editing, run:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:851 git-rebase--interactive.sh:937
+msgid "Could not execute editor"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1121
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:872
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgid "Could not checkout $switch_to"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:879
+msgid "No HEAD?"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1124
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:880
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgid "Could not create temporary $state_dir"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1149
-msgid "blob"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:883
+msgid "Could not mark as interactive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:915
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount command)"
+msgid_plural "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount commands)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:920
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\tHowever, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.\n"
+"\n"
+"\t"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:927
+msgid "Note that empty commits are commented out"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:980
+msgid "Could not generate todo list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1001 git-rebase--interactive.sh:1006
+msgid "Could not init rewritten commits"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:89 git-sh-setup.sh:94
+#, sh-format
+msgid "usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:190
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot chdir to $cdup, the toplevel of the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:199 git-sh-setup.sh:206
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: $program_name cannot be used without a working tree."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:220
+msgid "Cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:223
+msgid "Cannot rewrite branches: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:226
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: You have unstaged changes."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1267
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:229
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Cannot $action: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:242
+msgid "Cannot rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:245
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1331
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:248
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Cannot $action: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:252
+msgid "Additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:372
+msgid "You need to run this command from the toplevel of the working tree."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:377
+msgid "Unable to determine absolute path of git directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: you can adjust this to align "git add -i" status menu
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:196
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%12s %12s %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "staged"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "unstaged"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:253 git-add--interactive.perl:278
+msgid "binary"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:262 git-add--interactive.perl:316
+msgid "nothing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:298 git-add--interactive.perl:313
+msgid "unchanged"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:609
+#, perl-format
+msgid "added %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "added %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:612
+#, perl-format
+msgid "updated %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "updated %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:615
+#, perl-format
+msgid "reverted %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "reverted %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:618
+#, perl-format
+msgid "touched %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "touched %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:627
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:639
+msgid "Revert"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:662
+#, perl-format
+msgid "note: %s is untracked now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:673
+msgid "Add untracked"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:679
+msgid "No untracked files.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1033
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for staging."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1036
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for stashing."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1039
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for unstaging."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1042 git-add--interactive.perl:1051
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for applying."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1045 git-add--interactive.perl:1048
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for discarding."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1085
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for writing: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1086
+msgid "Manual hunk edit mode -- see bottom for a quick guide.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1092
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"---\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, delete them.\n"
+"Lines starting with %s will be removed.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: 'it' refers to the patch mentioned in the previous messages.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1100
+msgid ""
+"If it does not apply cleanly, you will be given an opportunity to\n"
+"edit again.  If all lines of the hunk are removed, then the edit is\n"
+"aborted and the hunk is left unchanged.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1114
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for reading: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: do not translate [y/n]
+#. The program will only accept that input
+#. at this point.
+#. Consider translating (saying "no" discards!) as
+#. (saying "n" for "no" discards!) if the translation
+#. of the word "no" does not start with n.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1213
+msgid ""
+"Your edited hunk does not apply. Edit again (saying \"no\" discards!) [y/n]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1222
+msgid ""
+"y - stage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1228
+msgid ""
+"y - stash this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stash this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stash this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stash this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stash this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1234
+msgid ""
+"y - unstage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not unstage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not unstage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - unstage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not unstage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1240
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1246
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1252
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1258
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1273
+msgid ""
+"g - select a hunk to go to\n"
+"/ - search for a hunk matching the given regex\n"
+"j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk\n"
+"J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk\n"
+"k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk\n"
+"K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk\n"
+"s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks\n"
+"e - manually edit the current hunk\n"
+"? - print help\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1304
+msgid "The selected hunks do not apply to the index!\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1305
+msgid "Apply them to the worktree anyway? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1308
+msgid "Nothing was applied.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1319
+#, perl-format
+msgid "ignoring unmerged: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1328
+msgid "Only binary files changed.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1330
+msgid "No changes.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1338
+msgid "Patch update"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1390
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1391
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1392
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1395
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1396
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1397
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1400
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1401
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1402
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1405
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1406
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1407
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1410
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1411
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1412
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1415
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1416
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1417
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1420
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1421
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1422
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1522
+msgid "No other hunks to goto\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1529
+msgid "go to which hunk (<ret> to see more)? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1531
+msgid "go to which hunk? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1540
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Invalid number: '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1545
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sorry, only %d hunk available.\n"
+msgid_plural "Sorry, only %d hunks available.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1571
+msgid "No other hunks to search\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1575
+msgid "search for regex? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1588
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Malformed search regexp %s: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1598
+msgid "No hunk matches the given pattern\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1610 git-add--interactive.perl:1632
+msgid "No previous hunk\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1619 git-add--interactive.perl:1638
+msgid "No next hunk\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1644
+msgid "Sorry, cannot split this hunk\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1650
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Split into %d hunk.\n"
+msgid_plural "Split into %d hunks.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1660
+msgid "Sorry, cannot edit this hunk\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1706
+msgid "Review diff"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please do not translate the command names
+#. 'status', 'update', 'revert', etc.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1725
+msgid ""
+"status        - show paths with changes\n"
+"update        - add working tree state to the staged set of changes\n"
+"revert        - revert staged set of changes back to the HEAD version\n"
+"patch         - pick hunks and update selectively\n"
+"diff          - view diff between HEAD and index\n"
+"add untracked - add contents of untracked files to the staged set of "
+"changes\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1742 git-add--interactive.perl:1747
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1750 git-add--interactive.perl:1757
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1761 git-add--interactive.perl:1767
+msgid "missing --"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1763
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unknown --patch mode: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1769 git-add--interactive.perl:1775
+#, perl-format
+msgid "invalid argument %s, expecting --"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:130
+msgid "local zone differs from GMT by a non-minute interval\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:137 git-send-email.perl:143
+msgid "local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:211 git-send-email.perl:217
+msgid "the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:294
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' contains an intermediate version of the email you were composing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:299
+#, perl-format
+msgid "'%s.final' contains the composed email.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:317
+msgid "--dump-aliases incompatible with other options\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:383 git-send-email.perl:638
+msgid "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:386
+msgid ""
+"`batch-size` and `relogin` must be specified together (via command-line or "
+"configuration option)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:456
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --suppress-cc field: '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:485
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --confirm setting: '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:513
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail alias with quotes is not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:515
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `:include:` not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:517
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `/file` or `|pipe` redirection not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:522
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail line is not recognized: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:604
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"File '%s' exists but it could also be the range of commits\n"
+"to produce patches for.  Please disambiguate by...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * Saying \"./%s\" if you mean a file; or\n"
+"    * Giving --format-patch option if you mean a range.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:625
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to opendir %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:649
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"fatal: %s: %s\n"
+"warning: no patches were sent\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:660
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"No patch files specified!\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:673
+#, perl-format
+msgid "No subject line in %s?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:683
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open for writing %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:694
+msgid ""
+"Lines beginning in \"GIT:\" will be removed.\n"
+"Consider including an overall diffstat or table of contents\n"
+"for the patch you are writing.\n"
+"\n"
+"Clear the body content if you don't wish to send a summary.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:718
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:735
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s.final: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:778
+msgid "Summary email is empty, skipping it\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep [y/N] as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:813
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to use <%s> [y/N]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:868
+msgid ""
+"The following files are 8bit, but do not declare a Content-Transfer-"
+"Encoding.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:873
+msgid "Which 8bit encoding should I declare [UTF-8]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:881
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"Refusing to send because the patch\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"has the template subject '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. Pass --force if you really "
+"want to send.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:900
+msgid "To whom should the emails be sent (if anyone)?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:918
+#, perl-format
+msgid "fatal: alias '%s' expands to itself\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:930
+msgid "Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email (if any)? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:988 git-send-email.perl:996
+#, perl-format
+msgid "error: unable to extract a valid address from: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [q] [d] [e] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1000
+msgid "What to do with this address? ([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit): "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1317
+#, perl-format
+msgid "CA path \"%s\" does not exist"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1400
+msgid ""
+"    The Cc list above has been expanded by additional\n"
+"    addresses found in the patch commit message. By default\n"
+"    send-email prompts before sending whenever this occurs.\n"
+"    This behavior is controlled by the sendemail.confirm\n"
+"    configuration setting.\n"
+"\n"
+"    For additional information, run 'git send-email --help'.\n"
+"    To retain the current behavior, but squelch this message,\n"
+"    run 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y] [n] [e] [q] [a] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1415
+msgid "Send this email? ([y]es|[n]o|[e]dit|[q]uit|[a]ll): "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1418
+msgid "Send this email reply required"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1446
+msgid "The required SMTP server is not properly defined."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1493
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Server does not support STARTTLS! %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1498 git-send-email.perl:1502
+#, perl-format
+msgid "STARTTLS failed! %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1512
+msgid "Unable to initialize SMTP properly. Check config and use --smtp-debug."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1530
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to send %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Dry-Sent %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sent %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1535
+msgid "Dry-OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1535
+msgid "OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1547
+msgid "Result: "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1550
+msgid "Result: OK\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1568
+#, perl-format
+msgid "can't open file %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1615 git-send-email.perl:1635
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1621
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding to: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1674
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1699
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(body) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1817
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Could not execute '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1824
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Adding %s: %s from: '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1828
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) failed to close pipe to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1855
+msgid "cannot send message as 7bit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1863
+msgid "invalid transfer encoding"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1901 git-send-email.perl:1952 git-send-email.perl:1962
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unable to open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1904
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%s: patch contains a line longer than 998 characters"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1920
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Skipping %s with backup suffix '%s'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep "[y|N]" as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1924
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Do you really want to send %s? [y|N]: "
 msgstr ""
diff --git a/po/is.po b/po/is.po
index 8692a8b5b2..b8b34fd65e 100644
--- a/po/is.po
+++ b/po/is.po
@@ -7,14 +7,15 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: Git\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-09-20 14:44+0000\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-06-05 19:06 +0000\n"
-"Last-Translator: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-06-17 18:55+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-06-17 19:17+0000\n"
+"Last-Translator: Vasco Almeida <vascomalmeida@sapo.pt>\n"
 "Language-Team: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
 "Language: is\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 1.8.5\n"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it.
 #: t/t0200/test.c:5
@@ -72,22 +73,31 @@ msgstr "TILRAUN: Perl tilraunastrengur"
 msgid "TEST: A Perl test variable %s"
 msgstr "TILRAUN: Perl tilraunastrengur með breytunni %s"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
-#. existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
-#. "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
-#: builtin/init-db.c:355
+#: builtin/init-db.c:402
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
-msgstr "%s%s Git lind í %s%s\n"
+msgid "Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Endurgerði Git lind í %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:356
-msgid "Reinitialized existing"
-msgstr "Endurgerði"
+#: builtin/init-db.c:403
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Endurgerði Git lind í %s%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:407
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Bjó til tóma sameiginlega Git lind í %s%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:408
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Bjó til tóma Git lind í %s%s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "Reinitialized existing"
+#~ msgstr "Endurgerði"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:356
-msgid "Initialized empty"
-msgstr "Bjó til tóma"
+#~ msgid "Initialized empty"
+#~ msgstr "Bjó til tóma"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:357
-msgid " shared"
-msgstr " sameiginlega"
+#~ msgid " shared"
+#~ msgstr " sameiginlega"
diff --git a/po/ko.po b/po/ko.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dcfe21c223
--- /dev/null
+++ b/po/ko.po
@@ -0,0 +1,18000 @@
+# Git Korean translation
+# Copyright (C) 2015-2018 git Korean translation contributors
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
+#
+# Contributors:
+#  Hyunjun Kim <yoloseem@users.noreply.github.com>, 2015.
+#  Changwoo Ryu <cwryu@debian.org>, 2015-2018.
+#  Sihyeon Jang <uneedsihyeon@gmail.com>, 2018.
+#  Gwan-gyeong Mun <elongbug@gmail.com>, 2018.
+#
+# - 작업�는 위 Contributors 목�� 추가해 주세요.
+# - 번역하면서 80컬럼� 넘어가지 않�� 해 주세요.
+#   - 가능한한 �문� 1줄�면 1줄� 들어가게 하고, 부��하면 경우� 따�
+#     알맞게 줄바꿈합니다. (커맨드���면 줄바꿈하고 다� 줄� 탭 2개)
+# - 용어는 �관성� 지켜 주십시오.
+#   - 용어가 바뀌어야 한다고 ��하면 그렇게 번역하기 전� 충분히 �견 �환�
+#     하십시오.
+# - �반�� 문장�서 �어 단어를 그대로 쓰지 않습니다. 최소한 �역합니다.
+#   - 예외�으로 명령어 등 문� 그대로 가리키는 경우�만 �문 그대로 �니다.
+#     - 예: 업스트림 추�� 'origin' 대신 <�름>� 사용합니다
+#   - 번역� 용어가 깃 명령어와 연관�는 경우�는 괄호 안� �니다.
+#     - 예: ��리기(revert)가 진행 중입니다
+# - ìš©ì–´:
+#  +--------------+----------------------------------------------+
+#  | 3-way merge  | 3-방향 병합                                  |
+#  | author       | 작성�                                       |
+#  | bisect       | �등분                                       |
+#  | blob         | 블롭                                         |
+#  | bundle       | 번들                                         |
+#  | branch       | 브랜치                                       |
+#  | cherry-pick  | (커밋) 빼오기                                |
+#  | commit       | 커밋                                         |
+#  | commit-ish   | 커밋-따위                                    |
+#  | committer    | 커미터                                       |
+#  | conflict     | 충�                                         |
+#  | fast-forward | 정방향 진행                                  |
+#  | fsmonitor    | 파� 시스템 모니터                           |
+#  | Git          | 깃                                           |
+#  | graft        | 그래프트                                     |
+#  | head         | 헤드                                         |
+#  | hook         | 후�                                         |
+#  | history      | (커밋) 내역                                  |
+#  | log          | 기�                                         |
+#  | merge        | 병합                                         |
+#  | note         | 노트                                         |
+#  | octopus      | 옥토�스 (병합 전략)                         |
+#  | pack         | 묶�                                         |
+#  | pathspec     | 경로명세                                     |
+#  | promisor     | 프�미서                                     |
+#  | rebase       | 리베�스                                     |
+#  | ref          | 레�런스                                     |
+#  | repo         | 저장소                                       |
+#  | remote       | 리모트 (저장소)                              |
+#  | reset        | 재지정                                       |
+#  | revert       | ��리기                                     |
+#  | subcommand   | 하위 명령                                    |
+#  | submodule    | 하위 모듈                                    |
+#  | tree-ish     | 트리-따위                                    |
+#  | work tree    | 작업 ��                                    |
+#  | working tree | 작업 ��                                    |
+#  +--------------+----------------------------------------------+
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-06-16 22:06+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-06-19 02:00+0900\n"
+"Last-Translator: Changwoo Ryu <cwryu@debian.org>\n"
+"Language-Team: Git Korean translation <http://github.com/changwoo/git-l10n-"
+"ko>\n"
+"Language: ko\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 2.0.6\n"
+
+#: advice.c:92
+#, c-format
+msgid "%shint: %.*s%s\n"
+msgstr "%s힌트: %.*s%s\n"
+
+#: advice.c:137
+msgid "Cherry-picking is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "병합하지 않� 파�� 있으므로, 커밋 빼오기를 할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: advice.c:139
+msgid "Committing is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "병합하지 않� 파�� 있으므로, 커밋할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: advice.c:141
+msgid "Merging is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "병합하지 않� 파�� 있으므로, 병합할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: advice.c:143
+msgid "Pulling is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "병합하지 않� 파�� 있으므로, 풀� 할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: advice.c:145
+msgid "Reverting is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "병합하지 않� 파�� 있으므로, ��리기를 할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: advice.c:147
+#, c-format
+msgid "It is not possible to %s because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "병합하지 않� 파�� 있으므로, %s 할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: advice.c:155
+msgid ""
+"Fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
+"as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
+msgstr ""
+"작업 ���서 문제를 바로잡� 다�, 'git add/rm <파�>'� �절히\n"
+"사용해 해결 표시하고 커밋하십시오."
+
+#: advice.c:163
+msgid "Exiting because of an unresolved conflict."
+msgstr "해결하지 못한 충� 때문� �납니다."
+
+#: advice.c:168 builtin/merge.c:1250
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "병합 작업� 다 마치지 않았습니다 (MERGE_HEAD 파�� 있습니다)."
+
+#: advice.c:170
+msgid "Please, commit your changes before merging."
+msgstr "병합하기 전� 변경 사항� 커밋하십시오."
+
+#: advice.c:171
+msgid "Exiting because of unfinished merge."
+msgstr "병합� 마치지 못했기 때문� �납니다."
+
+#: advice.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Note: checking out '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental\n"
+"changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this\n"
+"state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may\n"
+"do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"주�: '%s' 체�아웃하기.\n"
+"\n"
+"지금 'HEAD가 분리�' �태입니다. � �태�서는 여기저기 �아보고,\n"
+"실험�으로 바꾸고 커밋하���, 체�아웃할 수 있는 다른 브랜치�\n"
+"�향� 미치지 않고 변경 사항� 잃어버릴 수 있습니다.\n"
+"\n"
+"커밋� 유지하는 브랜치를 새로 만드려면, (지금�든 나중�든) 체�아웃\n"
+"명령� 다시 하면서 -b 옵션� 사용하면 �니다. 예를 들어:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <새-브랜치-�름>\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: apply.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 공백 옵션 '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 공백 무시 옵션 '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:122
+msgid "--reject and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--reject � --3way 옵션� 같� 쓸 수 없습니다."
+
+#: apply.c:124
+msgid "--cached and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--cached � --3way 옵션� 같� 쓸 수 없습니다."
+
+#: apply.c:127
+msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+msgstr "저장소 밖�서 --3way 옵션 사용"
+
+#: apply.c:138
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr "저장소 밖�서 --index 옵션 사용"
+
+#: apply.c:141
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr "저장소 밖�서 --cached 옵션 사용"
+
+#: apply.c:821
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr "타임스탬프 정규�� 준비할 수 없습니다 (%s)"
+
+#: apply.c:830
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr "regexec()�서 다� 입력� 대해 %d번� 리턴했습니다: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:904
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr "패치� %d번 줄� 파� �름� 찾� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:942
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: 잘못� git-diff - %2$d번 줄�서 /dev/null� 기대했지만, '%1$s'�"
+"(가) 왔습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:948
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: 잘못� git-diff - %d번 줄� 새 파� �름� 올바르지 않습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:949
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: 잘못� git-diff - %d번 줄� 예전 파� �름� 올바르지 않습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:954
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: 잘못� git-diff - %d번 줄�서 /dev/null� 기대했습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid mode on line %d: %s"
+msgstr "%d번 줄� 잘못� 모드: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:1301
+#, c-format
+msgid "inconsistent header lines %d and %d"
+msgstr "�관성 없는 헤� 줄 %d번 � %d번"
+
+#: apply.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr "recount: 예�치 못한 줄: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1542
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "%d번 줄� 헤� 없는 패치 부분: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1562
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"경로 �름 부분�서 %d개를 제거� 때 git diff 헤�� 파� �름 정보가 없습니"
+"다. (%d번 줄)"
+
+#: apply.c:1575
+#, c-format
+msgid "git diff header lacks filename information (line %d)"
+msgstr "git diff 헤�� 파� �름 정보가 없습니다 (%d번 줄)"
+
+#: apply.c:1763
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr "새 파�� 예전 내용� �존합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:1765
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr "삭제한 파�� 아� 내용� 들어 있습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:1799
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr "패치가 %d번 줄�서 �가졌습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:1836
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr "새 파� %s�(가) 예전 내용� �존합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:1838
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr "삭제한 파� %s�(가) 아� 내용� 들어 있습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:1841
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr "** 경고: %s 파�� 내용� 비어 있지만 삭제�지 않았습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:1988
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "%d번 줄� 바�너리 패치가 ���었습니다: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:2025
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr "%d번 줄� 바�너리 패치가 �해할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:2185
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr "%d번 줄� 쓰레기 ��터만 있는 패치"
+
+#: apply.c:2271
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr "%s 심볼릭 ��를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:2275
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr "%s�(를) 열거나 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:2934
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr "줄 시작� 잘못�: '%c'"
+
+#: apply.c:3055
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] "패치 %d번 부분 %d번 줄�서 성공 (오프셋 %d번 줄)"
+
+#: apply.c:3067
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr "컨�스트가 (%ld/%ld)로 줄어듭니다. (%d번 줄�서 �용)"
+
+#: apply.c:3073
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+"다�� 검색하� 중:\n"
+"%.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:3095
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 대한 바�너리 패치 ��터가 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3103
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot reverse-apply a binary patch without the reverse hunk to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"반대 ��가 없으면 '%s'� 대한 바�너리 패치를 반대로 �용할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3149
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot apply binary patch to '%s' without full index line"
+msgstr ""
+"전체 ��스 ��� 없으면 '%s'� 대한 바�너리 패치를 �용할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3159
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the patch applies to '%s' (%s), which does not match the current contents."
+msgstr "패치가 '%s'(%s)� �용�지만, 현재 내용과 �치하지 않습니다."
+
+#: apply.c:3167
+#, c-format
+msgid "the patch applies to an empty '%s' but it is not empty"
+msgstr "패치는 빈 '%s'� �용�지만, 현재 비어 있지 않습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3185
+#, c-format
+msgid "the necessary postimage %s for '%s' cannot be read"
+msgstr "'%2$s'� 대한 필요한 %1$s �스트�미지를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3198
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr "바�너리 패치를 '%s'� �용할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3204
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s'� 대한 바�너리 패치가 올바르지 않� 결과를 만듭니다. (기대한 값 %s, 실"
+"제 %s)"
+
+#: apply.c:3225
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr "패치 실패: %s:%ld"
+
+#: apply.c:3347
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgstr "%s�(를) 가져올 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3396 apply.c:3407 apply.c:3453 setup.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read %s"
+msgstr "%s�(를) �는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3404
+#, c-format
+msgid "reading from '%s' beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "심볼릭 �� 뒤� 있는 '%s' �기"
+
+#: apply.c:3433 apply.c:3673
+#, c-format
+msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr "%s 경로가 �름� 바뀌었거나 삭제�었습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3516 apply.c:3687
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr "%s: ��스� 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3525 apply.c:3695
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr "%s: ��스와 맞지 않습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3560
+msgid "repository lacks the necessary blob to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr "저장소� 3-방향 병합으로 대신할 때 필요한 블롭� 없습니다."
+
+#: apply.c:3563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Falling back to three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "3-방향 병합으로 대신합니다...\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3579 apply.c:3583
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read the current contents of '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 현재 내용� �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3595
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fall back on three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "3-방향 병합으로 대신하는� 실패했습니다...\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3609
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' with conflicts.\n"
+msgstr "패치를 '%s'� 충�� 있는 �태로 �용.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3614
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' cleanly.\n"
+msgstr "패치를 '%s'� 패치 문제 없� �용.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3640
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr "제거하는 패치 다�� 파� 내용� 남았습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3712
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr "%s: 잘못� 종류"
+
+#: apply.c:3714
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr "%s� 종류가 %o�지만 %o�(가) �어야 합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3864 apply.c:3866
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid path '%s'"
+msgstr "잘못� 경로 '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3922
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr "%s: �미 ��스� 있습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3925
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr "%s: �미 작업 디렉터리� 있습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3945
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr "%2$s� 새 모드(%1$o)가 예전 모드(%3$o)와 다릅니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3950
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr "%2$s� 새 모드(%1$o)가 %4$s� 예전 모드(%3$o)와 다릅니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3970
+#, c-format
+msgid "affected file '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "�향 받는 '%s' 파�� 심볼릭 �� 뒤� 있습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3974
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr "%s: 패치를 �용하지 않습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:3989
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr "%s 패치를 확�하는 중입니다..."
+
+#: apply.c:4080
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless for submodule %s"
+msgstr "sha1 정보가 없거나 %s 하위 모듈�서 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4087
+#, c-format
+msgid "mode change for %s, which is not in current HEAD"
+msgstr "%s� 대한 모드 변경�지만, 현재 HEAD� 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4090
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless (%s)."
+msgstr "sha1 정보가 없거나 쓸 수 없습니다 (%s)."
+
+#: apply.c:4095 builtin/checkout.c:235 builtin/reset.c:140
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "경로 '%s'� 대해 make_cache_entry 실패"
+
+#: apply.c:4099
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not add %s to temporary index"
+msgstr "임시 ��스� %s 항목� 추가할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write temporary index to %s"
+msgstr "임시 ��스를 %s� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4247
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr "��스�서 %s�(를) 제거할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4282
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 %s� 대해 ��� 패치"
+
+#: apply.c:4288
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr "새로 만든 파� '%s'� 대해 stat()할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4296
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr "새로 만든 파� '%s'� 대해 예비 저장소를 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4302 apply.c:4446
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr "%s� 대해 �시 항목� 추가할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4343
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to write to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 쓰는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4347
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 파�� 닫는 중입니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4417
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr "'%s' 파�� 쓸 수 없습니다 ('%o' 모드)"
+
+#: apply.c:4515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr "%s 패치 깔�하게 �용."
+
+#: apply.c:4523
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr "내부 오류"
+
+#: apply.c:4526
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] "%%s 패치를 (%d개 거부) �용..."
+
+#: apply.c:4537
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr "truncating .rej 파� �름� '%.*s.rej'(으)로 �름"
+
+#: apply.c:4545 builtin/fetch.c:786 builtin/fetch.c:1036
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s"
+msgstr "%s�(를) 열 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4559
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr "패치 부위 #%d 깔�하게 �용."
+
+#: apply.c:4563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr "패치 부위 #%d 거부�."
+
+#: apply.c:4673
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped patch '%s'."
+msgstr "패치 '%s' 건너뜀."
+
+#: apply.c:4681
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr "��할 수 없는 입력"
+
+#: apply.c:4700
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr "��스 파�� �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4837
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s': %s"
+msgstr "'%s' 패치를 열 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4864
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] "공백 오류 %d개를 넘어갑니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4870 apply.c:4885
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d번 줄�서 공백 오류를 추가합니다."
+
+#: apply.c:4878
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "공백 오류를 바로잡� 뒤� %d번 줄 �용."
+
+#: apply.c:4894 builtin/add.c:538 builtin/mv.c:300 builtin/rm.c:389
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "새 ��스 파�� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4921 apply.c:4924 builtin/am.c:2254 builtin/am.c:2257
+#: builtin/clone.c:120 builtin/fetch.c:126 builtin/pull.c:198
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:405 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1210
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1213 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1584
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1587 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1807
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "path"
+msgstr "경로"
+
+#: apply.c:4922
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "주어진 경로� 해당하는 변경 사항� �용하지 않습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4925
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "주어진 경로� 해당하는 변경 사항� �용합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4927 builtin/am.c:2263
+msgid "num"
+msgstr "개수"
+
+#: apply.c:4928
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr "전통�� diff 경로 앞� <개수>개� 앞 슬래시(/)를 제거합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4931
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr "패치�서 추가하는 파�� 무시합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4933
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr "패치를 �용하는 대신, 입력� 대한 diffstat� 출력합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4937
+msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr "십진수로 추가 � 삭제한 줄 수를 표시합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4939
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr "패치를 �용하는 대신, 입력� 대한 요약� 출력합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4941
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr "패치를 �용하는 대신, 패치를 �용 가능한지 확�합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4943
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr "현재 ��스�서 패치가 �용 가능한지 확�합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4945
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr "작업 ��를 바꾸지 않고 패치를 �용합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4947
+msgid "accept a patch that touches outside the working area"
+msgstr "작업 �역 밖� 파�� 바꾸는 패치를 허용합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4950
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr "그리고 패치� �용합니다 (--stat/--summary/--check 옵션과 같� 사용)"
+
+#: apply.c:4952
+msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+msgstr "패치를 �용하지 않으면 3-방향 병합� 시�합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4954
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr "내장 ��스 정보를 사용해 임시 ��스를 만듭니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4957 builtin/checkout-index.c:168 builtin/ls-files.c:515
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr "경로를 NUL 문�로 구분합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4959
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr "최소한 <n>줄� 컨�스트와 �치하는지 확�합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4960 builtin/am.c:2242 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:95
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:97 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:99
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3177
+msgid "action"
+msgstr "�작"
+
+#: apply.c:4961
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr "공백 오류가 있는 추가�거나 수정� 줄� 찾습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4964 apply.c:4967
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr "컨�스트를 찾� 때 공백 변경 사항� 무시합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4970
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr "패치를 반대 순서로 �용합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4972
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr "최소한� 컨�스트 한 줄� 없� �용합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4974
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr "거부� 패치 부분� 대��는 *.rej 파�� 남겨둡니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4976
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr "패치 부분� 겹�� 허용합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4977 builtin/add.c:290 builtin/check-ignore.c:21
+#: builtin/commit.c:1301 builtin/count-objects.c:98 builtin/fsck.c:666
+#: builtin/log.c:1901 builtin/mv.c:122 builtin/read-tree.c:124
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr "�세히 표시"
+
+#: apply.c:4979
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr "파� �� 줄바꿈� 빠졌�� 잘못 검색한 경우� 무시합니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4982
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr "패치 부분� 헤�� 줄 수를 신용하지 않습니다"
+
+#: apply.c:4984 builtin/am.c:2251
+msgid "root"
+msgstr "최�위"
+
+#: apply.c:4985
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr "모든 파� �름� <최�위>를 앞� 붙입니다"
+
+#: archive.c:13
+msgid "git archive [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git archive [<옵션>] <트리-따위> [<경로>...]"
+
+#: archive.c:14
+msgid "git archive --list"
+msgstr "git archive --list"
+
+#: archive.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git archive --remote <저장소> [--exec <명령>] [<옵션>] <트리-따위> [<경로"
+">...]"
+
+#: archive.c:16
+msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
+msgstr "git archive --remote <저장소> [--exec <명령>] --list"
+
+#: archive.c:351 builtin/add.c:176 builtin/add.c:514 builtin/rm.c:298
+#, c-format
+msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
+msgstr "'%s' 경로명세가 어떤 파�과� �치하지 않습니다"
+
+#: archive.c:434
+msgid "fmt"
+msgstr "형�"
+
+#: archive.c:434
+msgid "archive format"
+msgstr "압축 형�"
+
+#: archive.c:435 builtin/log.c:1462
+msgid "prefix"
+msgstr "접�어"
+
+#: archive.c:436
+msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
+msgstr "아카�브� � 경로 �름� 앞� 지정한 경로를 붙입니다"
+
+#: archive.c:437 builtin/blame.c:813 builtin/blame.c:814 builtin/config.c:127
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1007 builtin/fast-export.c:1009 builtin/grep.c:869
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103 builtin/ls-files.c:551 builtin/ls-files.c:554
+#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:568 builtin/read-tree.c:119
+#: parse-options.h:165
+msgid "file"
+msgstr "파�"
+
+#: archive.c:438 builtin/archive.c:89
+msgid "write the archive to this file"
+msgstr "아카�브를 � 파�� �니다"
+
+#: archive.c:440
+msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
+msgstr "작업 ��� .gitattributes를 �습니다"
+
+#: archive.c:441
+msgid "report archived files on stderr"
+msgstr "아카�브� �함� 파�� 표준오류로 표시합니다"
+
+#: archive.c:442
+msgid "store only"
+msgstr "저장만 하기"
+
+#: archive.c:443
+msgid "compress faster"
+msgstr "� 빠르게 압축"
+
+#: archive.c:451
+msgid "compress better"
+msgstr "� 작게 압축"
+
+#: archive.c:454
+msgid "list supported archive formats"
+msgstr "지�하는 압축 형�� 목�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: archive.c:456 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:110 builtin/clone.c:113
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1222 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1593
+msgid "repo"
+msgstr "저장소"
+
+#: archive.c:457 builtin/archive.c:91
+msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
+msgstr "�격 저장소 <저장소>�서 아카�브를 가져옵니다"
+
+#: archive.c:458 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:489
+msgid "command"
+msgstr "명령"
+
+#: archive.c:459 builtin/archive.c:93
+msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
+msgstr "�격 git-upload-archive 명령� 경로"
+
+#: archive.c:466
+msgid "Unexpected option --remote"
+msgstr "예�치 못한 옵션 --remote"
+
+#: archive.c:468
+msgid "Option --exec can only be used together with --remote"
+msgstr "--exec 옵션� --remote 옵션과 같� 사용할 경우�만 쓸 수 있습니다."
+
+#: archive.c:470
+msgid "Unexpected option --output"
+msgstr "예�치 못한 옵션 --output"
+
+#: archive.c:492
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown archive format '%s'"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 아카�브 형� '%s'"
+
+#: archive.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid "Argument not supported for format '%s': -%d"
+msgstr "'%s' 형��서는 지�하지 않는 ��: -%d"
+
+#: attr.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "%.*s is not a valid attribute name"
+msgstr "%.*s�(는) 올바른 �성 �름� 아닙니다"
+
+#: attr.c:415
+msgid ""
+"Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
+"Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
+msgstr ""
+"git attributes�서 반대 패턴� 무시�니다.\n"
+"앞� �낌표를 쓰려면 '\\!'를 사용하십시오."
+
+#: bisect.c:461
+#, c-format
+msgid "Badly quoted content in file '%s': %s"
+msgstr "'%s' 파� 안� 잘못� 따옴표가 붙� 내용: %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:669
+#, c-format
+msgid "We cannot bisect more!\n"
+msgstr "� �� �등분할 수 없습니다!\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid commit name %s"
+msgstr "올바른 커밋 �름� 아닙니다 (%s)"
+
+#: bisect.c:747
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is bad.\n"
+"This means the bug has been fixed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"%s 병합 베�스가 비정�입니다.\n"
+"버그가 %s � [%s] 사��서 고�졌다는 뜻입니다.\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:752
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is new.\n"
+"The property has changed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"%s 병합 베�스가 새롭습니다.\n"
+"�성� %s � [%s] 사��서 변경�었습니다.\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:757
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is %s.\n"
+"This means the first '%s' commit is between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"%s 병합 베�스가 %s입니다.\n"
+"처� '%s' 커밋� %s � [%s] 사��는 뜻입니다.\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Some %s revs are not ancestors of the %s rev.\n"
+"git bisect cannot work properly in this case.\n"
+"Maybe you mistook %s and %s revs?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�부 %s 리비전� %s 리비전� 과거 항목� 아닙니다.\n"
+"git bisect 명령� � 경우�는 올바르게 �작하지 않습니다.\n"
+"%s � %s 리비전� 잘못 쓴 것 아닙니까?\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:778
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the merge base between %s and [%s] must be skipped.\n"
+"So we cannot be sure the first %s commit is between %s and %s.\n"
+"We continue anyway."
+msgstr ""
+"%s � %s 사�� 병합 베�스를 건너�니다.\n"
+"그러므로 처� %s 커밋� %s � %s 사�� 있는지 확신할 수 없습니다.\n"
+"어쨌든 계�합니다."
+
+#: bisect.c:811
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: a merge base must be tested\n"
+msgstr "�등분: 병합 베�스를 시험해야 합니다\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:851
+#, c-format
+msgid "a %s revision is needed"
+msgstr "하나� %s 리비전� 필요합니다"
+
+#: bisect.c:870 builtin/notes.c:175 builtin/tag.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 파�� 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: bisect.c:921
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read file '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 파�� �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: bisect.c:951
+msgid "reading bisect refs failed"
+msgstr "�등분 레�런스 �기� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: bisect.c:970
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s was both %s and %s\n"
+msgstr "%s�(는) %s � %s 모�� 해당�니다\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:978
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No testable commit found.\n"
+"Maybe you started with bad path parameters?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"시험 가능한 커밋� 없습니다.\n"
+"잘못� 경로 파�미터로 시작하지 않았습니까?\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:997
+#, c-format
+msgid "(roughly %d step)"
+msgid_plural "(roughly %d steps)"
+msgstr[0] "(대략 %d 단계)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the last %s will be replaced with "(roughly %d
+#. steps)" translation.
+#.
+#: bisect.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: %d revision left to test after this %s\n"
+msgid_plural "Bisecting: %d revisions left to test after this %s\n"
+msgstr[0] "�등분: %2$s 뒤� 시험할 리비전� %1$d개 남았습니다\n"
+
+#: blame.c:1756
+msgid "--contents and --reverse do not blend well."
+msgstr "--contents � --reverse 옵션� 호환�지 않습니다."
+
+#: blame.c:1767
+msgid "cannot use --contents with final commit object name"
+msgstr "--contents 옵션� 마지막 오브�트 �름� 사용할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: blame.c:1787
+msgid "--reverse and --first-parent together require specified latest commit"
+msgstr ""
+"--reverse � --first-parent 옵션� 같� 쓰면 최근 커밋� 지정해야 합니다"
+
+#: blame.c:1796 bundle.c:160 ref-filter.c:2075 sequencer.c:1861
+#: sequencer.c:3632 builtin/commit.c:981 builtin/log.c:366 builtin/log.c:920
+#: builtin/log.c:1371 builtin/log.c:1702 builtin/log.c:1950 builtin/merge.c:372
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:192
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr "리비전 walk 준비가 실패했습니다"
+
+#: blame.c:1814
+msgid ""
+"--reverse --first-parent together require range along first-parent chain"
+msgstr ""
+"--reverse � --first-parent 옵션� 같� 쓰면 최초-�위 체�과 범위가 필요합니"
+"다"
+
+#: blame.c:1825
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such path %s in %s"
+msgstr "%s 경로가 %s 안� 없습니다"
+
+#: blame.c:1836
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read blob %s for path %s"
+msgstr "%s 경로� 대해 %s 블롭� �� 수 없�"
+
+#: branch.c:54
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"After fixing the error cause you may try to fix up\n"
+"the remote tracking information by invoking\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"오류를 수정한 다� �격 추� 정보를\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\" 명령�\n"
+"실행해 수정할 수 있습니다."
+
+#: branch.c:68
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
+msgstr "%s 브랜치를 �신� 업스트림으로 지정하지 않�."
+
+#: branch.c:94
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 브랜치가 리베�스를 통해 리모트� '%s' 브랜치를 ('%s'�서) 따�가�� 설"
+"정�었습니다."
+
+#: branch.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 브랜치가 리모트� '%s' 브랜치를 ('%s'�서) 따�가�� 설정�었습니다."
+
+#: branch.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 브랜치가 리베�스를 통해 리모트� '%s' 브랜치를 따�가�� 설정�었습니"
+"다."
+
+#: branch.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s'."
+msgstr "'%s' 브랜치가 '%s' 브랜치를 따�가�� 설정�었습니다."
+
+#: branch.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 브랜치가 리베�스를 통해 리모트� '%s' 레�런스를 따�가�� 설정�었습"
+"니다."
+
+#: branch.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s'."
+msgstr "'%s' 브랜치가 리모트� '%s' 레�런스를 따�가�� 설정�었습니다."
+
+#: branch.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 브랜치가 리베�스를 통해 로컬� '%s' 레�런스를 따�가�� 설정�었습니"
+"다."
+
+#: branch.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s'."
+msgstr "'%s' 브랜치가 로컬� '%s' 레�런스를 따�가�� 설정�었습니다."
+
+#: branch.c:120
+msgid "Unable to write upstream branch configuration"
+msgstr "업스트림 브랜치 설정� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: branch.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"
+msgstr "따�가지 않�: %s 레�런스� 대해 애매한 정보"
+
+#: branch.c:190
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid branch name."
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) 올바른 브랜치 �름� 아닙니다."
+
+#: branch.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "�름� '%s'� 브랜치가 �미 있습니다."
+
+#: branch.c:214
+msgid "Cannot force update the current branch."
+msgstr "현재 브랜치를 강제로 업��트할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: branch.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch."
+msgstr ""
+"따�가기 정보를 설정할 수 없습니다. 시작 위치 '%s'�(가) 브랜치가 아닙니다."
+
+#: branch.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "요청한 업스트림 '%s' 브랜치가 없습니다"
+
+#: branch.c:238
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
+"branch that already exists at the remote, you may need to\n"
+"run \"git fetch\" to retrieve it.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you are planning to push out a new local branch that\n"
+"will track its remote counterpart, you may want to use\n"
+"\"git push -u\" to set the upstream config as you push."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"리모트� �미 있는 업스트림 브랜치를 기반으로 작업하려면,\n"
+"먼저 \"git fetch\"로 가져 리모트 브랜치를 가져옵니다.\n"
+"\n"
+"새 로컬 브랜치를 거기� 해당하는 리모트 브랜치로 push하려면,\n"
+"\"git push -u\"로 push하는 업스트림� 설정할 수 있습니다."
+
+#: branch.c:281
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'."
+msgstr "올바른 오브�트 �름� 아닙니다: '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "Ambiguous object name: '%s'."
+msgstr "애매한 오브�트 �름: '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid branch point: '%s'."
+msgstr "올바른 브랜치 위치가 아닙니다: '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:360
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) �미 '%s' 위치� 받아져 있습니다"
+
+#: branch.c:383
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD of working tree %s is not updated"
+msgstr "작업 �� %s� 헤드가 업��트�지 않았습니다"
+
+#: bundle.c:34
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
+msgstr "'%s' 파�� 버전2 번들 파�로 보�지 않습니다"
+
+#: bundle.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
+msgstr "��할 수 없는 헤�: %s%s (%d)"
+
+#: bundle.c:88 sequencer.c:2081 sequencer.c:2558 builtin/commit.c:755
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 열 수 없습니다"
+
+#: bundle.c:139
+msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
+msgstr "저장소� 필수�� 다� 커밋� 없습니다:"
+
+#: bundle.c:190
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle contains this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle contains these %d refs:"
+msgstr[0] "번들� 다� 레�런스 %d개가 있습니다:"
+
+#: bundle.c:197
+msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
+msgstr "번들� 전체 커밋 내역� 기�합니다."
+
+#: bundle.c:199
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle requires this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs:"
+msgstr[0] "번들� 다� 레�런스 %d개가 필요합니다:"
+
+#: bundle.c:258
+msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
+msgstr "pack-objects 명령� 실행할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: bundle.c:269
+msgid "pack-objects died"
+msgstr "pack-objects 명령� 죽었습니다"
+
+#: bundle.c:311
+msgid "rev-list died"
+msgstr "rev-list 명령� 죽었습니다"
+
+#: bundle.c:360
+#, c-format
+msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
+msgstr "rev-list 옵션�서 '%s' 레�런스가 제외�었습니다"
+
+#: bundle.c:450 builtin/log.c:183 builtin/log.c:1607 builtin/shortlog.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 ��: %s"
+
+#: bundle.c:458
+msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
+msgstr "빈 번들� 만들지 않습니다."
+
+#: bundle.c:470
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot create '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: bundle.c:498
+msgid "index-pack died"
+msgstr "index-pack 명령� 죽었습니다"
+
+#: color.c:296
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid color value: %.*s"
+msgstr "잘못� 색 값: %.*s"
+
+#: commit.c:43 sequencer.c:2364 builtin/am.c:421 builtin/am.c:465
+#: builtin/am.c:1436 builtin/am.c:2072 builtin/replace.c:376
+#: builtin/replace.c:448
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse %s"
+msgstr "parse %s�(를) 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: commit.c:45
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "%s %s, 커밋� 아닙니다"
+
+#: commit.c:182
+msgid ""
+"Support for <GIT_DIR>/info/grafts is deprecated\n"
+"and will be removed in a future Git version.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please use \"git replace --convert-graft-file\"\n"
+"to convert the grafts into replace refs.\n"
+"\n"
+"Turn this message off by running\n"
+"\"git config advice.graftFileDeprecated false\""
+msgstr ""
+"<GIT_DIR>/info/grafts� 대한 지�� 다� 깃\n"
+"버전�서 제거� 예정입니다.\n"
+"\n"
+"그래프트를 레�런스로 전환하려면\n"
+"\"git replace --convert-graft-file\" 명령�\n"
+"사용하십시오.\n"
+"\n"
+"� 메시지를 보지 않으려면\n"
+"\"git config advice.graftFileDeprecated false\"\n"
+"명령� 사용하십시오"
+
+#: commit.c:1540
+msgid ""
+"Warning: commit message did not conform to UTF-8.\n"
+"You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
+"variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"경고: 커밋 메시지가 UTF-8 �코딩� 맞지 않습니다.\n"
+"메시지를 수정한 다� 커밋� 수정하거나, 설정� i18n.commitencoding\n"
+"변수를 프로�트가 사용 중� �코딩으로 맞추십시오.\n"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:669
+#, c-format
+msgid "the commit graph format cannot write %d commits"
+msgstr "커밋 그래프 �맷�서 커밋 %d개를 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:696
+msgid "too many commits to write graph"
+msgstr "그래프를 쓰기�는 커밋 수가 너무 많습니다"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:707 builtin/init-db.c:516 builtin/init-db.c:521
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr "%s� 대해 mkdir를 할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:405 compat/obstack.c:407
+msgid "memory exhausted"
+msgstr "메모리 바닥남"
+
+#: config.c:187
+msgid "relative config include conditionals must come from files"
+msgstr "�대 경로 설정 include 조건� 파��서 와야 합니다"
+
+#: config.c:788
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in blob %s"
+msgstr "블롭 %2$s 안� %1$d번 줄� 잘못� 설정"
+
+#: config.c:792
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in file %s"
+msgstr "파� %2$s 안� %1$d번 줄� 잘못� 설정"
+
+#: config.c:796
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in standard input"
+msgstr "표준 입력 안� %d번 줄� 잘못� 설정"
+
+#: config.c:800
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in submodule-blob %s"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 블롭 %2$s 안� %1$d번 줄� 잘못� 설정"
+
+#: config.c:804
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in command line %s"
+msgstr "명령행 %2$s 안� %1$d번 줄� 잘못� 설정"
+
+#: config.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in %s"
+msgstr "%2$s 안� %1$d번 줄� 잘못� 설정"
+
+#: config.c:936
+msgid "out of range"
+msgstr "범위를 벗어남"
+
+#: config.c:936
+msgid "invalid unit"
+msgstr "단위가 잘못�"
+
+#: config.c:942
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 수치 설정 값 '%s' (키 '%s'): %s"
+
+#: config.c:947
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in blob %s: %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 수치 설정 값 '%s' (키 '%s', 블롭 %s): %s"
+
+#: config.c:950
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in file %s: %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 수치 설정 값 '%s' (키 '%s', 파� %s): %s"
+
+#: config.c:953
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in standard input: %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 수치 설정 값 '%s' (키 '%s', 표준입력): %s"
+
+#: config.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in submodule-blob %s: %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 수치 설정 값 '%s' (키 '%s', 하위 모듈 블롭 %s): %s"
+
+#: config.c:959
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in command line %s: %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 수치 설정 값 '%s' (키 '%s', 명령행 %s): %s"
+
+#: config.c:962
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 수치 설정 값 '%s' (키 '%s', %s 안�): %s"
+
+#: config.c:1057
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to expand user dir in: '%s'"
+msgstr "다�� 사용� 디렉터리 확장� 실패: '%s'"
+
+#: config.c:1066
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
+msgstr "'%s' 값� '%s'� 대해 올바른 시� 값� 아닙니다"
+
+#: config.c:1171 config.c:1182
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad zlib compression level %d"
+msgstr "%d번� 올바른 zlib 압축 단계가 아닙니다"
+
+#: config.c:1307
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid mode for object creation: %s"
+msgstr "오브�트 �성 모드가 올바르지 않습니다: %s"
+
+#: config.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack compression level %d"
+msgstr "잘못 묶� 압축 단계 %d"
+
+#: config.c:1681
+msgid "unable to parse command-line config"
+msgstr "명령행 설정� 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: config.c:2013
+msgid "unknown error occurred while reading the configuration files"
+msgstr "설정 파�� �는 중 알 수 없는 오류가 �겼습니다"
+
+#: config.c:2200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "잘못� %s: '%s'"
+
+#: config.c:2243
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown core.untrackedCache value '%s'; using 'keep' default value"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 core.untrackedCache 값 '%s'. 기본값으로 'keep' 사용"
+
+#: config.c:2269
+#, c-format
+msgid "splitIndex.maxPercentChange value '%d' should be between 0 and 100"
+msgstr "splitIndex.maxPercentChange 값('%d')� 0�서 100 사�여야 합니다"
+
+#: config.c:2294
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse '%s' from command-line config"
+msgstr "명령행 설정�서 '%s'�(를) 설정할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: config.c:2296
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config variable '%s' in file '%s' at line %d"
+msgstr "'%2$s' 파�� %3$d번 줄 '%1$s' 설정 변수가 잘못�었습니다"
+
+#: config.c:2402
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has multiple values"
+msgstr "%s�(는) 여러 개 값� 있습니다"
+
+#: config.c:2766 config.c:3019
+#, c-format
+msgid "fstat on %s failed"
+msgstr "%s� 대해 fstat 실패"
+
+#: config.c:2905
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not set '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) '%s'(으)로 설정할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: config.c:2907 builtin/remote.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not unset '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 설정� 지울 수 없습니다"
+
+#: connect.c:61
+msgid "The remote end hung up upon initial contact"
+msgstr "리모트 측� 최초 연결했� 때 연결� �었습니다"
+
+#: connect.c:63
+msgid ""
+"Could not read from remote repository.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please make sure you have the correct access rights\n"
+"and the repository exists."
+msgstr ""
+"리모트 저장소�서 �� 수 없습니다\n"
+"\n"
+"올바른 접근 권한� 있는지, 그리고 저장소가 있는지\n"
+"확�하십시오."
+
+#: connected.c:66 builtin/fsck.c:201 builtin/prune.c:145
+msgid "Checking connectivity"
+msgstr "연결� 확�하는 중입니다"
+
+#: connected.c:78
+msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
+msgstr "'git rev-list'를 실행할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: connected.c:98
+msgid "failed write to rev-list"
+msgstr "rev-list 쓰기� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: connected.c:105
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin"
+msgstr "rev-list� 표준입력� 닫는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: convert.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "CRLF would be replaced by LF in %s."
+msgstr "%s�서 CRLF는 LF로 바�니다."
+
+#: convert.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CRLF will be replaced by LF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"%s�서 CRLF는 LF로 바�니다.\n"
+"작업 디렉터리�서는 �래 줄 바꿈 형�� 유지합니다."
+
+#: convert.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "LF would be replaced by CRLF in %s"
+msgstr "%s�서 LF는 CRLF로 바�니다."
+
+#: convert.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"LF will be replaced by CRLF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"%s�서 LF는 CRLF로 바�니다.\n"
+"작업 디렉터리�서는 �래 줄 바꿈 형�� 유지합니다."
+
+#: convert.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "BOM is prohibited in '%s' if encoded as %s"
+msgstr "'%s'�서 �코딩� %s�면 BOM� 금지�니다"
+
+#: convert.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The file '%s' contains a byte order mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%s as working-"
+"tree-encoding."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 파�� BOM(byte order mark)� 들어 있습니다. working-tree-encoding으로 "
+"UTF-%s 값� 사용하십시오."
+
+#: convert.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "BOM is required in '%s' if encoded as %s"
+msgstr "'%s'�서 �코딩� %s�면 BOM� 필요합니다"
+
+#: convert.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The file '%s' is missing a byte order mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%sBE or UTF-"
+"%sLE (depending on the byte order) as working-tree-encoding."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 파�� BOM(byte order mark)� 없습니다. (바�트 순서� 따�) UTF-%sBE �"
+"는 UTF-%sLE 값� working-tree-encoding으로 사용하십시오."
+
+#: convert.c:424
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to encode '%s' from %s to %s"
+msgstr "'%s'� �코딩� %s�서 %s(으)로 변환하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: convert.c:467
+#, c-format
+msgid "encoding '%s' from %s to %s and back is not the same"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s'� �코딩� %s�서 %s(으)로 변환하고 다시 역으로 변환했� 때 �래 내용과 "
+"다릅니다."
+
+#: convert.c:1225
+msgid "true/false are no valid working-tree-encodings"
+msgstr "true/false는 올바른 working-tree-encodings 값� 아닙니다"
+
+#: date.c:116
+msgid "in the future"
+msgstr "미래�"
+
+#: date.c:122
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> second ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> seconds ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX>ì´ˆ ì „"
+
+#: date.c:129
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> minutes ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX>분 전"
+
+#: date.c:136
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> hours ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX>시간 전"
+
+#: date.c:143
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> day ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> days ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX>� 전"
+
+#: date.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> week ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> weeks ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX>주 전"
+
+#: date.c:156
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX>달 전"
+
+#: date.c:167
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX>ë…„"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: "%s" is "<n> years"
+#: date.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, %<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%s, %<PRIuMAX>달 전"
+
+#: date.c:175 date.c:180
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX>ë…„ ì „"
+
+#: diffcore-order.c:24
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read orderfile '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 순서 파�� �는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: diffcore-rename.c:535
+msgid "Performing inexact rename detection"
+msgstr "부정확한 �름 바꾸기 �색� 수행하는 중"
+
+#: diff.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' requires a value"
+msgstr "'%s' 옵션�는 값� 필요합니다"
+
+#: diff.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
+msgstr "  dirstat �름 �센트 값 '%s' 파싱� 실패했습니다\n"
+
+#: diff.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
+msgstr "  알 수 없는 dirstat 파�미터 '%s'\n"
+
+#: diff.c:281
+msgid ""
+"color moved setting must be one of 'no', 'default', 'zebra', 'dimmed_zebra', "
+"'plain'"
+msgstr ""
+"옮김 색 설정� 'no', 'default', 'zebra', 'dimmed_zebra', 'plain' 중� 하나입"
+"니다."
+
+#: diff.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
+msgstr "'diff.submodule' 설정 변수� 알 수 없는 값: '%s'"
+
+#: diff.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"'diff.submodule' 설정 변수� 오류:\n"
+"%s'"
+
+#: diff.c:3823
+#, c-format
+msgid "external diff died, stopping at %s"
+msgstr "외부 diff 프로그램� 죽�, %s 위치�서 멈춤"
+
+#: diff.c:4153
+msgid "--name-only, --name-status, --check and -s are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr ""
+"\"--name-only, --name-status, --check, -s 옵션 중 하나만 쓸 수 있습니다"
+
+#: diff.c:4156
+msgid "-G, -S and --find-object are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-G, -S, --find-object 옵션 중 하나만 쓸 수 있습니다"
+
+#: diff.c:4244
+msgid "--follow requires exactly one pathspec"
+msgstr "--follow 옵션�는 정확히 하나� 경로명세가 필요합니다"
+
+#: diff.c:4410
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"--dirstat/-X 옵션 파�미터를 파싱하는� 실패했습니다:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: diff.c:4424
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
+msgstr "--submodule 옵션 파�미터 파싱� 실패했습니다: '%s'"
+
+#: diff.c:5500
+msgid "inexact rename detection was skipped due to too many files."
+msgstr "파�� 너무 많아서 부정확한 �름 바꾸기 검색 기능� 건너�니다."
+
+#: diff.c:5503
+msgid "only found copies from modified paths due to too many files."
+msgstr "파�� 너무 많아서 수정한 경로� 복사본만 찾았습니다."
+
+#: diff.c:5506
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you may want to set your %s variable to at least %d and retry the command."
+msgstr "%s 변수를 최소한 %d(으)로 설정하고 명령� 다시 시�해 보십시오."
+
+#: dir.c:1867
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open directory '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 디렉터리를 열 수 없습니다"
+
+#: dir.c:2109
+msgid "failed to get kernel name and information"
+msgstr "커� �름과 정보를 가져오는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: dir.c:2233
+msgid "Untracked cache is disabled on this system or location."
+msgstr "� 시스템 �는 위치�서는 추��지 않는 �시를 사용하지 않습니다."
+
+#: dir.c:3075 dir.c:3080
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directories for %s"
+msgstr "%s� 필요한 디렉터리를 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: dir.c:3109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not migrate git directory from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�서 '%s'(으)로 git 디렉터리를 옮겨올 수 없습니다"
+
+#: editor.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: Waiting for your editor to close the file...%c"
+msgstr "힌트: 편집기가 파�� 닫기를 기다리는 중입니다...%c"
+
+#: entry.c:177
+msgid "Filtering content"
+msgstr "내용 필터�"
+
+#: entry.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat file '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 파�� stat� 할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: fetch-object.c:17
+msgid "Remote with no URL"
+msgstr "URL 없는 리모트"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:254
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected shallow list"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: 얕� 목�� 예�함"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:266
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: ACK/NAK가 와야 하지만, 플러시 패킷� 받았습니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:285 builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr "리모트 오류: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: ACK/NAK가 와야 하지만, '%s'�(를) 받았습니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:338
+msgid "--stateless-rpc requires multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "--stateless-rpc 옵션� multi_ack_detailed가 필요합니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:429 fetch-pack.c:1310
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid shallow line: %s"
+msgstr "shallow 줄� 잘못�: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:435 fetch-pack.c:1316
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid unshallow line: %s"
+msgstr "unshallow 줄� 잘못�: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:437 fetch-pack.c:1318
+#, c-format
+msgid "object not found: %s"
+msgstr "오브�트가 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:440 fetch-pack.c:1321
+#, c-format
+msgid "error in object: %s"
+msgstr "오브�트� 오류: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:442 fetch-pack.c:1323
+#, c-format
+msgid "no shallow found: %s"
+msgstr "shallow가 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:445 fetch-pack.c:1326
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected shallow/unshallow, got %s"
+msgstr "shallow/unshallow가 와야 하지만, %s�(를) 받았습니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:486
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s %d %s"
+msgstr "받�: %s %d %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 커밋 %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:533
+msgid "giving up"
+msgstr "�기함"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:543 progress.c:229
+msgid "done"
+msgstr "완료"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:555
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s (%d) %s"
+msgstr "받�: %s (%d) %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:601
+#, c-format
+msgid "Marking %s as complete"
+msgstr "%s 항목� 완료로 표시"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:828
+#, c-format
+msgid "already have %s (%s)"
+msgstr "�미 %s (%s) 있�"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:869
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "fetch-pack: 사�드밴드 디멀티플렉서를 fork할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:877
+msgid "protocol error: bad pack header"
+msgstr "프로토콜 오류: 잘못� 묶� 헤�"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:944
+#, c-format
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off %s"
+msgstr "fetch-pack: %s 명령� fork할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:960
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s failed"
+msgstr "%s 실패"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:962
+msgid "error in sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "사�드밴드 디멀티플렉서� 오류"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:989
+msgid "Server does not support shallow clients"
+msgstr "서버�서 shallow ���언트를 지�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:993
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "서버�서 multi_ack_detailed를 지�합니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:996
+msgid "Server supports no-done"
+msgstr "서버�서 no-done� 지�합니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1002
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack"
+msgstr "서버�서 multi_ack를 지�합니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1006
+msgid "Server supports side-band-64k"
+msgstr "서버�서 side-band-64k를 지�합니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1010
+msgid "Server supports side-band"
+msgstr "서버�서 side-band를 지�합니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1014
+msgid "Server supports allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "서버�서 allow-tip-sha1-in-want를 지�합니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1018
+msgid "Server supports allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "서버�서 allow-reachable-sha1-in-want를 지�합니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1028
+msgid "Server supports ofs-delta"
+msgstr "서버�서 ofs-delta를 지�합니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1034 fetch-pack.c:1204
+msgid "Server supports filter"
+msgstr "서버�서 필터를 지�합니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1042
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server version is %.*s"
+msgstr "서버 버전� %.*s입니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1048
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-since"
+msgstr "서버�서 --shallow-signed 옵션� 지�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1052
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-exclude"
+msgstr "서버�서 --shallow-exclude 옵션� 지�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1054
+msgid "Server does not support --deepen"
+msgstr "서버�서 --deepen 옵션� 지�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1065
+msgid "no common commits"
+msgstr "공통 커밋 없�"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1077 fetch-pack.c:1414
+msgid "git fetch-pack: fetch failed."
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: 가져오기 실패."
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1199
+msgid "Server does not support shallow requests"
+msgstr "서버�서 shallow 요청� 지�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1584
+msgid "no matching remote head"
+msgstr "해당하는 리모트 헤드가 없습니다"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1610
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such remote ref %s"
+msgstr "그런 리모트가 레�런스가 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1613
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server does not allow request for unadvertised object %s"
+msgstr "서버�서 알려지지 않� %s 오브�트� 대한 요청� 허용하지 않습니다"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:185
+msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
+msgstr "gpg�서 ��터를 서명하는� 실패했습니다."
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:210
+msgid "could not create temporary file"
+msgstr "임시 파�� 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:213
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s'"
+msgstr "분리� 서명� '%s'� 쓰는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: graph.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignore invalid color '%.*s' in log.graphColors"
+msgstr "log.graphColors� 잘못� 색� ('%.*s') 무시합니다"
+
+#: grep.c:2020
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
+msgstr "'%s': %s�(를) �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: grep.c:2037 setup.c:164 builtin/clone.c:409 builtin/diff.c:81
+#: builtin/rm.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 대해 stat()� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: grep.c:2048
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': short read"
+msgstr "'%s': �다가 잘림"
+
+#: help.c:23
+msgid "start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)"
+msgstr "작업 공간 시작 (참고: git help tutorial)"
+
+#: help.c:24
+msgid "work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)"
+msgstr "변경 사항� 대한 작업 (참고: git help everyday)"
+
+#: help.c:25
+msgid "examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)"
+msgstr "커밋 내역과 �태 보기 (참고: git help revisions)"
+
+#: help.c:26
+msgid "grow, mark and tweak your common history"
+msgstr "커밋 내역� 키우고, 표시하고, 조작하기"
+
+#: help.c:27
+msgid "collaborate (see also: git help workflows)"
+msgstr "협� 작업 (참고: git help workflows)"
+
+#: help.c:31
+msgid "Main Porcelain Commands"
+msgstr "주요 사용�용 명령"
+
+#: help.c:32
+msgid "Ancillary Commands / Manipulators"
+msgstr "보조 명령 / 조작 기능"
+
+#: help.c:33
+msgid "Ancillary Commands / Interrogators"
+msgstr "보조 명령 / 정보 �� 기능"
+
+#: help.c:34
+msgid "Interacting with Others"
+msgstr "다른 사람과 소통"
+
+#: help.c:35
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Manipulators"
+msgstr "저수준 명령/ 조작 기능"
+
+#: help.c:36
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Interrogators"
+msgstr "보조 명령 / 정보 �� 기능"
+
+#: help.c:37
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Synching Repositories"
+msgstr "보조 명령 / 저장소 �기화 기능"
+
+#: help.c:38
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Internal Helpers"
+msgstr "보조 명령 / 내부 사용 기능"
+
+#: help.c:293
+#, c-format
+msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 있는 깃 명령"
+
+#: help.c:300
+msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
+msgstr "다른 $PATH� 있는 깃 명령"
+
+#: help.c:309
+msgid "These are common Git commands used in various situations:"
+msgstr "다�� 여러가지 �황�서 �주 사용하는 깃 명령입니다:"
+
+#: help.c:358 git.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported command listing type '%s'"
+msgstr "지�하지 명령 열거 방� '%s'"
+
+#: help.c:405
+msgid "The common Git guides are:"
+msgstr "�주 사용하는 깃 안내서는 다�과 같습니다:"
+
+#: help.c:467
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
+"able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s'�(는) 깃 명령으로 보�지만, 실행할 수\n"
+"없습니다. 아마� git-%s �가진 것 같습니다."
+
+#: help.c:526
+msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
+msgstr "어��. 시스템� 깃 명령� 하나� 없다고 나옵니다."
+
+#: help.c:548
+#, c-format
+msgid "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist."
+msgstr "경고: �름� '%s'� 깃 명령� 실행했지만, 그 명령� 없습니다."
+
+#: help.c:553
+#, c-format
+msgid "Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr "'%s' 명령��고 가정하고 계�합니다."
+
+#: help.c:558
+#, c-format
+msgid "Continuing in %0.1f seconds, assuming that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr "%0.1f초 뒤� '%s' 명령��고 가정하고 계�합니다."
+
+#: help.c:566
+#, c-format
+msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
+msgstr "git: '%s'�(는) 깃 명령� 아닙니다. 'git --help'를 참고하십시오."
+
+#: help.c:570
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar command is"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar commands are"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"\n"
+"가장 비슷한 명령�"
+
+#: help.c:585
+msgid "git version [<options>]"
+msgstr "git version [<옵션>]"
+
+#: help.c:652
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s - %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s - %s"
+
+#: help.c:656
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean this?"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean one of these?"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"\n"
+"다�� ��하신 것 아니었나요?"
+
+#: ident.c:342
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"*** Please tell me who you are.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"\n"
+"to set your account's default identity.\n"
+"Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"*** 내가 누구�지 설정하십시오.\n"
+"\n"
+"다�� 실행하면,\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"내 �름\"\n"
+"\n"
+"계정� 기본 신� 정보를 설정합니다.\n"
+"--global 옵션� 빼면 � 저장소서만 신� 정보를 설정합니다.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: ident.c:366
+msgid "no email was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "메� 주소가 없고 �� 검사가 꺼져 있습니다"
+
+#: ident.c:371
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to auto-detect email address (got '%s')"
+msgstr "메� 주소를 �� 검사할 수 없습니다 ('%s' 찾�)"
+
+#: ident.c:381
+msgid "no name was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "�름� 없고 �� 검사가 꺼져 있습니다"
+
+#: ident.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to auto-detect name (got '%s')"
+msgstr "�름� �� 검사할 수 없습니다 ('%s' 찾�)"
+
+#: ident.c:395
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty ident name (for <%s>) not allowed"
+msgstr "빈 �름� 신� 정보는 (<%s>� 대해) 허용하지 않습니다"
+
+#: ident.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "name consists only of disallowed characters: %s"
+msgstr "�름� 허용하지 않는 문�로만 �루어져 있습니다: %s"
+
+#: ident.c:416 builtin/commit.c:587
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid date format: %s"
+msgstr "시� 형�� 잘못�었습니다: %s"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:36
+msgid "multiple filter-specs cannot be combined"
+msgstr "여러 개� 필터 양�� 결합� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:126
+msgid "cannot change partial clone promisor remote"
+msgstr "프�미서 리모트 저장소로부터 부분 복제를 할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: lockfile.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to create '%s.lock': %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another git process seems to be running in this repository, e.g.\n"
+"an editor opened by 'git commit'. Please make sure all processes\n"
+"are terminated then try again. If it still fails, a git process\n"
+"may have crashed in this repository earlier:\n"
+"remove the file manually to continue."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s.lock' 파�� 만들 수 없습니다: %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"� 저장소�서 다른 깃 프로세스가 실행 중� 것으로 보입니다. (예를\n"
+"들어 'git commit' 명령으로 편집기가 열려 있다든지.) 모든 프로세스를\n"
+"�냈는지 확�하시고 다시 시�해 보십시오. 그래� 계� 실패하면, �\n"
+"저장소�서 깃 프로세스가 전� �� 종료했� 수� 있습니다:\n"
+"수�으로 해당 파�� 제거하고 계�하십시오."
+
+#: lockfile.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to create '%s.lock': %s"
+msgstr "'%s.lock'� 만들 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: merge.c:71
+msgid "failed to read the cache"
+msgstr "�시를 �는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: merge.c:136 builtin/am.c:1946 builtin/am.c:1980 builtin/checkout.c:378
+#: builtin/checkout.c:606 builtin/clone.c:761
+msgid "unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "새 ��스 파�� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:298
+msgid "(bad commit)\n"
+msgstr "(잘못� 커밋)\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:320
+#, c-format
+msgid "add_cacheinfo failed for path '%s'; merge aborting."
+msgstr "'%s' 경로� 대해 addinfo_cache 실패. 병합 중지."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "add_cacheinfo failed to refresh for path '%s'; merge aborting."
+msgstr "'%s' 경로� 대해 addinfo_cache 새로 고침 실패. 병합 중지."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:410
+msgid "error building trees"
+msgstr "트리 빌드� 오류"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:881
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create path '%s'%s"
+msgstr "'%s' 경로 만들기� 실패했습니다%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:892
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"
+msgstr "하위 디렉터리� 공간� 만드려고 %s�(를) 제거합니다\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:906 merge-recursive.c:925
+msgid ": perhaps a D/F conflict?"
+msgstr ": 아마� D/F 충�?"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:915
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 위치� 추��지 않는 파�� 잃기를 거부합니다"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:957 builtin/cat-file.c:37
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s '%s'"
+msgstr "%s '%s' 오브�트를 �� 수 없�"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:959
+#, c-format
+msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
+msgstr "%s '%s'� 대해 블롭� 예�"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to open '%s': %s"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 여는� 실패: %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:994
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to symlink '%s': %s"
+msgstr "'%s' 심볼릭 ��� 실패: %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:999
+#, c-format
+msgid "do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"
+msgstr "다�� 어떻게 할지 알 수 없습니다: %06o %s '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1186
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (not checked out)"
+msgstr "%s 하위 모듈 병합 실패 (가져오지 않�)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1193
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (commits not present)"
+msgstr "%s 하위 모듈 병합 실패 (커밋� 없습니다)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (commits don't follow merge-base)"
+msgstr "%s 하위 모듈 병합 실패 (커밋� 병합 베�스를 따르지 않습니다)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1208 merge-recursive.c:1220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding submodule %s to the following commit:"
+msgstr "%s 하위 모듈� 다� 커밋으로 정방향 진행:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1211 merge-recursive.c:1223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding submodule %s"
+msgstr "%s 하위 모듈� 정방향 진행"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1245
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (merge following commits not found)"
+msgstr "%s 하위 모듈 병합 실패 (병합할 때 따�갈 커밋� 없습니다)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1249
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (not fast-forward)"
+msgstr "%s 하위 모듈 병합 실패 (정방향� 아닙니다)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1250
+msgid "Found a possible merge resolution for the submodule:\n"
+msgstr "하위 모듈� 대해 가능한 병합 방법� 찾았습니다:\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1253
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If this is correct simply add it to the index for example\n"
+"by using:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n"
+"\n"
+"which will accept this suggestion.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"� 제안� 맞으면 ��스� 추가하면 �니다. 예를 들어\n"
+"다� 명령� 사용하면:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n"
+"\n"
+"제안� 받아들�게 �니다.\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1262
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (multiple merges found)"
+msgstr "%s 하위 모듈 병합 실패 (병합� 여러개 있습니다)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1321
+msgid "Failed to execute internal merge"
+msgstr "내부 병합 실행� 실패"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1326
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add %s to database"
+msgstr "%s�(를) ��터베�스� 추가할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1358
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto-merging %s"
+msgstr "�� 병합: %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1423
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error: Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; writing to %s instead."
+msgstr ""
+"오류: %s 위치� 추��지 않는 파�� 잃기를 거부합니다. 대신 %s� �니다."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1475
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree."
+msgstr ""
+"충� (%s/삭제): %s (위치 %s) � %s (%s�서) 삭제. %s 버전� %s 트리� 남�."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1480
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree."
+msgstr ""
+"충� (%s/삭제): %s (위치 %s) 삭제, %s�서 %s(으)로 (위치 %s). %s 버전� %s 트"
+"리� 남�."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1487
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+"충� (%s/삭제): %s (위치 %s) � %s (위치 %s) 삭제. %s 버전� %s 트리� %s(으)"
+"로 남�."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1492
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+"충� (%s/삭제): %s (위치 %s) 삭제, %s�서 %s(으)로 (위치 %s). %s 버전� %s 트"
+"리� 남� (위치 %s)."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1526
+msgid "rename"
+msgstr "�름바꾸기"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1526
+msgid "renamed"
+msgstr "�름바꿈"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1580 merge-recursive.c:1736 merge-recursive.c:2368
+#: merge-recursive.c:3086
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"
+msgstr "%s 위치� 변경� 파�� 잃기를 거부합니다"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1594
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "%s�(는) %s� 있는 디렉터리로 %s(으)로 �름� 바꿉니다"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1599
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "%s 위치� 추��지 않는 파�� 잃기를 거부합니다. 대신 %s 추가"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1625
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" rename \"%s"
+"\"->\"%s\" in \"%s\"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"충� (�름바꾸기/�름바꾸기): \"%3$s\" 브랜치�서 �름바꾸기 \"%1$s\"->\"%2$s"
+"\" \"%6$s\" 브랜치�서 �름 바꾸기 \"%4$s\"->\"%5$s\"%7$s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1630
+msgid " (left unresolved)"
+msgstr " (해결�지 않�)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1694
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename %s->%s in %s. Rename %s->%s in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"충� (rename/rename): �름 바꾸기 %s->%s (위치 %s). �름 바꾸기 %s->%s (위치 "
+"%s)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1733
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
+msgstr "대신 �름� %s�서 %s(으)로 바꾸고 %s�서 %s(으)로 바꿉니다"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1745
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose untracked file at %s, even though it's in the way."
+msgstr ""
+"%s 위치� 추��지 않는 파�� 잃기를 (잃어버릴 예정�지만) 거부합니다."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1951
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (directory rename split): Unclear where to place %s because "
+"directory %s was renamed to multiple other directories, with no destination "
+"getting a majority of the files."
+msgstr ""
+"충� (디렉터리 �름 바꾸기 분리): %s 파�� 어디� 놓�지 불분명합니다. %s 디"
+"렉터리가 여러 개� 다른 디렉터리로 �름� 바뀌었고 파� 다수가 들어 있는 대�"
+"� 없기 때문입니다."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1983
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Existing file/dir at %s in the way of "
+"implicit directory rename(s) putting the following path(s) there: %s."
+msgstr ""
+"충� (묵시�� 디렉터리 �름 바꾸기): %s 위치� 기존 파�/디렉터리가 묵시�으"
+"로 디렉터리 �름� 바뀌어 다� 경로가 들어갈 예정입니다: %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1993
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Cannot map more than one path to %s; "
+"implicit directory renames tried to put these paths there: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"충� (묵시�� 디렉터리 �름 바꾸기): 여러 개� 경로를 %s� 대�할 수 없습니"
+"다. 묵시�� 디렉터리 �름 바꾸기 기능� �들 경로를 해당 위치� 놓�� 시�"
+"합니다: %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2085
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename directory %s->%s in %s. Rename directory %s-"
+">%s in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"충� (rename/rename): �름 바꾸기 %s->%s (위치 %s). �름 바꾸기 %s->%s (위치 "
+"%s)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2330
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"WARNING: Avoiding applying %s -> %s rename to %s, because %s itself was "
+"renamed."
+msgstr ""
+"경고: %s -> %s �름 바꾸기 (대� %s) �용 거부. %s �체가 �미 �름� 바뀌었"
+"습니다."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2736
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. %s added in %s"
+msgstr "충� (rename/add): �름 바꾸기 %s->%s (위치 %s). %s 추가 (위치 %s)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2751
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding merged %s"
+msgstr "병합� %s�(를) 추가합니다"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2758 merge-recursive.c:3089
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "대신 %s(으)로 추가합니다"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2914
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s"
+msgstr "%s 오브�트를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2917
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s is not a blob"
+msgstr "%s 오브�트는 블롭� 아닙니다"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2986
+msgid "modify"
+msgstr "수정"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2986
+msgid "modified"
+msgstr "수정�"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2997
+msgid "content"
+msgstr "ë‚´ìš©"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3004
+msgid "add/add"
+msgstr "추가/추가"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3046
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"
+msgstr "건너뛰기: %s (기존과 같게 병합)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3055 git-submodule.sh:895
+msgid "submodule"
+msgstr "하위 모듈"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3056
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"
+msgstr "충� (%s): %s� 병합 충�"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3178
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s"
+msgstr "제거: %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3204
+msgid "file/directory"
+msgstr "파�/디렉터리"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3210
+msgid "directory/file"
+msgstr "디렉터리/파�"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3217
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. Adding %s as %s"
+msgstr ""
+"충� (%s): �름� %s� 디렉터리가 %s� 있습니다. %s�(를) %s(으)로 추가합니다"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3226
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "추가: %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot merge (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "변경� ��스: 병합할 수 없습니다 (dirty: %s)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3271
+msgid "Already up to date!"
+msgstr "�미 업��트 �태입니다!"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3280
+#, c-format
+msgid "merging of trees %s and %s failed"
+msgstr "%s � %s 트리� 병합� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3379
+msgid "Merging:"
+msgstr "병합:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3392
+#, c-format
+msgid "found %u common ancestor:"
+msgid_plural "found %u common ancestors:"
+msgstr[0] "과거� 공통 커밋 %u개 발견:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3431
+msgid "merge returned no commit"
+msgstr "병합 결과� 커밋� 없습니다"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3495
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 오브�트를 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:3511 builtin/merge.c:659 builtin/merge.c:816
+msgid "Unable to write index."
+msgstr "��스를 쓸 수 없습니다."
+
+#: notes-merge.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your previous notes merge (%s exists).\n"
+"Please, use 'git notes merge --commit' or 'git notes merge --abort' to "
+"commit/abort the previous merge before you start a new notes merge."
+msgstr ""
+"�전� 노트 병합� 다 마치지 않았습니다 (%s 있�).\n"
+"새로 노트 병합� 시작하기 전� 'git notes merge --commit'\n"
+"�는 'git notes merge --abort'로 �전 병합� 커밋/중지하십시오."
+
+#: notes-merge.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "You have not concluded your notes merge (%s exists)."
+msgstr "노트 병합 작업� 다 마치지 않았습니다. (%s 있�)"
+
+#: notes-utils.c:43
+msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
+msgstr "초기화하지 않았거나 레�런스하지 않� notes 트리를 커밋할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: notes-utils.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
+msgstr "잘못� notes.rewriteMode 값: '%s'"
+
+#: notes-utils.c:112
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "%s�서 노트를 다시 쓰기를 거부합니다 (refs/notes/ 밖임)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of
+#. the environment variable, the second %s is
+#. its value.
+#.
+#: notes-utils.c:142
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
+msgstr "잘못� %s 값: '%s'"
+
+#: object.c:242
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse object: %s"
+msgstr "오브�트를 파싱할 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: packfile.c:563
+msgid "offset before end of packfile (broken .idx?)"
+msgstr "오프셋� 묶� 파� 앞입니다 (�가진 .idx?)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1742
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset before start of pack index for %s (corrupt index?)"
+msgstr "오프셋� %s� 묶� ��스 시작보다 앞입니다 (�가진 ��스?)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1746
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset beyond end of pack index for %s (truncated index?)"
+msgstr "오프셋� %s� 묶� ��스 �보다 뒤입니다 (�가진 ��스?)"
+
+#: parse-options.c:621
+msgid "..."
+msgstr "..."
+
+#: parse-options.c:640
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s"
+msgstr "사용법: %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation.
+#.
+#: parse-options.c:646
+#, c-format
+msgid "   or: %s"
+msgstr "  �는: %s"
+
+#: parse-options.c:649
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %s"
+msgstr "    %s"
+
+#: parse-options.c:688
+msgid "-NUM"
+msgstr "-NUM"
+
+#: parse-options-cb.c:44
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed expiration date '%s'"
+msgstr "형�� 잘못� 만료 시�: '%s'"
+
+#: parse-options-cb.c:112
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr "잘못� 형�� 오브�트 �름 '%s'"
+
+#: path.c:892
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr "%s�(를) 그룹�서 쓰기 가능하�� 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: pathspec.c:129
+msgid "Escape character '\\' not allowed as last character in attr value"
+msgstr "�성 값� 마지막 문�로 '\\\\' �스케�프 문�는 허용하지 않습니다"
+
+#: pathspec.c:147
+msgid "Only one 'attr:' specification is allowed."
+msgstr "하나� 'attr:' 명세만 허용합니다."
+
+#: pathspec.c:150
+msgid "attr spec must not be empty"
+msgstr "attr 명세는 비어 있으면 안 �니다"
+
+#: pathspec.c:193
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid attribute name %s"
+msgstr "잘못� �성 �름 %s"
+
+#: pathspec.c:258
+msgid "global 'glob' and 'noglob' pathspec settings are incompatible"
+msgstr "'glob' � 'noglob' 경로명세 전체 설정� 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: pathspec.c:265
+msgid ""
+"global 'literal' pathspec setting is incompatible with all other global "
+"pathspec settings"
+msgstr ""
+"'literal' 경로명세 전체 설정� 다른 경로명세 전체 설정과 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: pathspec.c:305
+msgid "invalid parameter for pathspec magic 'prefix'"
+msgstr "경로명세 지시어 'prefix'� 잘못� 파�미터"
+
+#: pathspec.c:326
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid pathspec magic '%.*s' in '%s'"
+msgstr "잘못� 경로명세 지시어 '%.*s' (위치 '%s')"
+
+#: pathspec.c:331
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing ')' at the end of pathspec magic in '%s'"
+msgstr "경로 명세 지시어 �� ')' 빠� (위치 '%s')"
+
+#: pathspec.c:369
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unimplemented pathspec magic '%c' in '%s'"
+msgstr "구현�지 않� 경로명세 지시어 '%c' (위치 '%s')"
+
+#: pathspec.c:428
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: 'literal' and 'glob' are incompatible"
+msgstr "%s: 'literal'과 'glob'� 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: pathspec.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: '%s' is outside repository"
+msgstr "%s: '%s'�(는) 저장소 밖입니다"
+
+#: pathspec.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' (mnemonic: '%c')"
+msgstr "'%s' (단축키: '%c')"
+
+#: pathspec.c:525
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: pathspec magic not supported by this command: %s"
+msgstr "%s: 경로명세 지시어가 � 명령어�서 지�하지 않습니다: %s"
+
+#: pathspec.c:592
+#, c-format
+msgid "pathspec '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "'%s' 경로명세는 심볼릭 �� 아래� 있습니다"
+
+#: pretty.c:962
+msgid "unable to parse --pretty format"
+msgstr "--pretty 형�� 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: read-cache.c:1500
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"index.version set, but the value is invalid.\n"
+"Using version %i"
+msgstr ""
+"index.version� 설정�었지만, � 값� 잘못�었습니다.\n"
+"%i 버전� 사용합니다"
+
+#: read-cache.c:1510
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"GIT_INDEX_VERSION set, but the value is invalid.\n"
+"Using version %i"
+msgstr ""
+"GIT_INDEX_VERSION� 설정�었지만, � 값� 잘못�었습니다.\n"
+"%i 버전� 사용합니다"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2404 sequencer.c:4338 wrapper.c:658 builtin/merge.c:1048
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not close '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 닫� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2477 sequencer.c:2102 sequencer.c:3234
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) stat()할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2490
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open git dir: %s"
+msgstr "git 디렉터리를 열 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2502
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to unlink: %s"
+msgstr "�� 해제할 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: refs.c:732 sequencer.c:4334 sequencer.c:4393 wrapper.c:225 wrapper.c:395
+#: builtin/am.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 쓰기용으로 열 수 없습니다"
+
+#: refs.c:1880
+msgid "ref updates forbidden inside quarantine environment"
+msgstr "격리� 환경�서 레�런스 업��트가 금지�니다"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1191
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove reference %s"
+msgstr "%s 레�런스를 제거할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1205 refs/packed-backend.c:1531
+#: refs/packed-backend.c:1541
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete reference %s: %s"
+msgstr "%s 레�런스를 삭제할 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1208 refs/packed-backend.c:1544
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete references: %s"
+msgstr "레�런스를 삭제할 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:35 wt-status.c:1850
+msgid "gone"
+msgstr "없�"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d"
+msgstr "%d개 앞"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:37
+#, c-format
+msgid "behind %d"
+msgstr "%d개 뒤"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:38
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d, behind %d"
+msgstr "%d개 앞, %d개 뒤"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(color:<color>)"
+msgstr "예�한 형�: %%(color:<색>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized color: %%(color:%s)"
+msgstr "��할 수 없는 색: %%(color:%s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:lstrip=%s"
+msgstr "정수 값� 와야 합니다 refname:lstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:rstrip=%s"
+msgstr "정수 값� 와야 합니다 refname:rstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(%s) argument: %s"
+msgstr "��할 수 없는 %%(%s) ��: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(body) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(body)� ��를 받지 않습니다"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(subject) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(subject)� ��를 받지 않습니다"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown %%(trailers) argument: %s"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 %%(trailers) 옵션 ��: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:264
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected contents:lines=%s"
+msgstr "'contents:lines=%s'�서 0보다 � 값� 와야 합니다"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:266
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(contents) argument: %s"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 %%(contents) ��: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:281
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected objectname:short=%s"
+msgstr "'contents:short=%s'�서 0보다 � 값� 와야 합니다"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:285
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(objectname) argument: %s"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 %%(objectname) ��: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(align:<width>,<position>)"
+msgstr "예�한 형�: %%(align:<너비>,<위치>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:327
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized position:%s"
+msgstr "��할 수 없는 위치:%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:334
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized width:%s"
+msgstr "��할 수 없는 너비:%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(align) argument: %s"
+msgstr "��할 수 없는 %%(align) ��:%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:351
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive width expected with the %%(align) atom"
+msgstr "%%(align) 아톰� 너비가 0보다 커야 합니다"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:369
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(if) argument: %s"
+msgstr "��할 수 없는 %%(if) ��: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:464
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "잘못� 형�� 필드 �름: %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:491
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 필드 �름: %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:608
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(if) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "형�: %%(if) 아톰� %%(then) 아톰 없� 사용�었습니다"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "형�: %%(then) 아톰� %%(if) 아톰 없� 사용�었습니다"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:673
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "형�: %%(then) 아톰� 여러번 사용�었습니다"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:675
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used after %%(else)"
+msgstr "형�: %%(then) 아톰� %%(else) 뒤� 사용�었습니다"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:703
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "형�: %%(else) 아톰� %%(if) 아톰 없� 사용�었습니다"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:705
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "형�: %%(else) 아톰� %%(then) 아톰 없� 사용�었습니다"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:707
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "형�: %%(else) 아톰� 여러번 사용�었습니다"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:722
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom used without corresponding atom"
+msgstr "형�: %%(end) 아톰� 대��는 아톰 없� 사용�었습니다"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed format string %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 형�� 문�열 %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1387
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
+msgstr "(브랜치 없�, %s 리베�스)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1390
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing detached HEAD %s)"
+msgstr "(브랜치 없�, 분리� HEAD %s 리베�스)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1393
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
+msgstr "(브랜치 없�, �등분 %s�서 시작)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached at " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1401
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached at %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD %s 위치�서 분리�)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached from " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1408
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached from %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD %s(으)로부터 분리�)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1412
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr "(브랜치 없�)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1442
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing object %s for %s"
+msgstr "없는 오브�트 %s, %s� 대해"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1445
+#, c-format
+msgid "parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s"
+msgstr "%s� parse_object_buffer 실패 (%s� 대해)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1902
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 잘못� 형�� 오브�트"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1984
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring ref with broken name %s"
+msgstr "�가진 �름 %s� 레�런스를 무시합니다"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1989
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring broken ref %s"
+msgstr "�가진 레�런스 %s 무시"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2261
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom missing"
+msgstr "형�: %%(end) 아톰� 없습니다"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2365
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 형�� 오브�트 �름 %s"
+
+#: remote.c:605
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot fetch both %s and %s to %s"
+msgstr "%s � %s�(를) 모� %s� 가져올 수 없습니다"
+
+#: remote.c:609
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s usually tracks %s, not %s"
+msgstr "%s�(는) 보통 %s�(를) 추�하고, %s�(를) 추�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: remote.c:613
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s tracks both %s and %s"
+msgstr "%s�(는) %s � %s 모� 추�합니다"
+
+#: remote.c:621
+msgid "Internal error"
+msgstr "내부 오류"
+
+#: remote.c:1534 remote.c:1635
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr "HEAD가 브랜치를 가리키지 않습니다"
+
+#: remote.c:1543
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr "그런 브랜치가 없습니다: '%s'"
+
+#: remote.c:1546
+#, c-format
+msgid "no upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 브랜치� 대해 업스트림� 설정하지 않았습니다"
+
+#: remote.c:1552
+#, c-format
+msgid "upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "업스트림 '%s' 브랜치가 리모트 추� 브랜치로 저장�지 않았습니다"
+
+#: remote.c:1567
+#, c-format
+msgid "push destination '%s' on remote '%s' has no local tracking branch"
+msgstr "리모트 '%2$s'� 푸시 대� '%1$s'� 로컬 추� 브랜치가 없습니다"
+
+#: remote.c:1579
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' has no remote for pushing"
+msgstr "'%s' 브랜치� 푸시 리모트가 없습니다"
+
+#: remote.c:1589
+#, c-format
+msgid "push refspecs for '%s' do not include '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 대한 푸시 레�런스명세� '%s'�(가) 들어 있지 않습니다"
+
+#: remote.c:1602
+msgid "push has no destination (push.default is 'nothing')"
+msgstr "푸시� 대�� 없습니다 (push.default가 'nothing'입니다)"
+
+#: remote.c:1624
+msgid "cannot resolve 'simple' push to a single destination"
+msgstr "하나� 대�� 대해 'simple' 푸시를 처리할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: remote.c:1939
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is based on '%s', but the upstream is gone.\n"
+msgstr "현재 브랜치가 '%s' 기반�지만, 업스트림� 없어졌습니다.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1943
+msgid "  (use \"git branch --unset-upstream\" to fixup)\n"
+msgstr "  (바로잡으려면 \"git branch --unset-upstream\"� 사용하십시오)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1946
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is up to date with '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "브랜치가 '%s'� 맞게 업��트� �태입니다.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1950
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch and '%s' refer to different commits.\n"
+msgstr "현재 브랜치와 '%s'�(가) 다른 커밋� 레�런스합니다.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1953
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"%s\" for details)\n"
+msgstr " (�세한 정보를 위해 \"%s\"�(를) 사용하십시오)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1957
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
+msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
+msgstr[0] "브랜치가 '%s'보다 %d개 커밋만� 앞� 있습니다.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1963
+msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
+msgstr "  (로컬� 있는 커밋� 제출하려면 \"git push\"를 사용하십시오)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1966
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgstr[0] "브랜치가 '%s'보다 %d개 커밋 뒤� 있고, 앞으로 �릴 수 있습니다.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1974
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
+msgstr "  (로컬 브랜치를 업��트하려면 \"git pull\"� 사용하십시오)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1977
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commit each, respectively.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commits each, respectively.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"현재 브랜치와 '%s'�(가) 갈�졌습니다,\n"
+"다른 커밋� �� %d개와 %d개 있습니다.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1987
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"  (리모트� 브랜치를 현재 브랜치로 병합하려면 \"git pull\"� 사용하십시오)\n"
+
+#: revision.c:2289
+msgid "your current branch appears to be broken"
+msgstr "현재 브랜치가 �가진 것처럼 보입니다"
+
+#: revision.c:2292
+#, c-format
+msgid "your current branch '%s' does not have any commits yet"
+msgstr "현재 '%s' 브랜치� 아� 아무 커밋� 없습니다"
+
+#: revision.c:2489
+msgid "--first-parent is incompatible with --bisect"
+msgstr "--first-parent 옵션� --bisect 옵션과 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: run-command.c:728
+msgid "open /dev/null failed"
+msgstr "/dev/null 열기 실패"
+
+#: run-command.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The '%s' hook was ignored because it's not set as executable.\n"
+"You can disable this warning with `git config advice.ignoredHook false`."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 후�가 실행 가능하�� 설정�지 않아서, 무시�니다.\n"
+"� 경고는 `git config advice.ignoredHook false` 명령으로 � 수 있습니다."
+
+#: send-pack.c:141
+msgid "unexpected flush packet while reading remote unpack status"
+msgstr "리모트 묶� 풀기 �태를 �는 �안 발�한 예�치 못한 플러시 패킷"
+
+#: send-pack.c:143
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse remote unpack status: %s"
+msgstr "리모트 묶� 풀기 �태를 파싱할 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote unpack failed: %s"
+msgstr "리모트 묶� 풀기 실패: %s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:308
+msgid "failed to sign the push certificate"
+msgstr "푸시 ��서 서명� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: send-pack.c:421
+msgid "the receiving end does not support --signed push"
+msgstr "받는 쪽�서 --signed 푸시를 지�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: send-pack.c:423
+msgid ""
+"not sending a push certificate since the receiving end does not support --"
+"signed push"
+msgstr ""
+"받는 쪽�서 --signed 푸시를 지�하지 않으므로 푸시 ��서를 보내지 않습니다"
+
+#: send-pack.c:435
+msgid "the receiving end does not support --atomic push"
+msgstr "받는 쪽�서 --atomic 푸시를 지�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: send-pack.c:440
+msgid "the receiving end does not support push options"
+msgstr "받는 쪽�서 푸시 옵션� 지�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:175
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit message cleanup mode '%s'"
+msgstr "잘못� 커밋 메시지 정리 모드 '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 삭제할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:301
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr "revert"
+
+#: sequencer.c:303
+msgid "cherry-pick"
+msgstr "cherry-pick"
+
+#: sequencer.c:305
+msgid "rebase -i"
+msgstr "rebase -i"
+
+#: sequencer.c:307
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown action: %d"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 �작: %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:364
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
+msgstr ""
+"� 충�� 해결한 뒤�, 바로잡� 경로를\n"
+"'git add <경로>' �는 'git rm <경로>'로 표시하십시오"
+
+#: sequencer.c:367
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
+"and commit the result with 'git commit'"
+msgstr ""
+"� 충�� 해결한 뒤�, 바로잡� 경로를\n"
+"'git add <경로>' �는 'git rm <경로>'로 표시하십시오.\n"
+"그리고 결과물� 'git commit'으로 커밋하십시오"
+
+#: sequencer.c:380 sequencer.c:2468
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lock '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 잠글 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:382 sequencer.c:2346 sequencer.c:2472 sequencer.c:2486
+#: sequencer.c:2694 sequencer.c:4336 sequencer.c:4399 wrapper.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write eol to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 줄바꿈� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:392 sequencer.c:2351 sequencer.c:2474 sequencer.c:2488
+#: sequencer.c:2702
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finalize '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 마치는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:415 sequencer.c:804 sequencer.c:1493 sequencer.c:2371
+#: sequencer.c:2684 sequencer.c:2788 builtin/am.c:259 builtin/commit.c:727
+#: builtin/merge.c:1046
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�서 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "your local changes would be overwritten by %s."
+msgstr "로컬 변경 사항� %s 때문� �어 쓰게 �니다."
+
+#: sequencer.c:445
+msgid "commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr "변경 사항� 커밋하거나 스태시한 다� 계�하십시오."
+
+#: sequencer.c:474
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: fast-forward"
+msgstr "%s: 정방향 진행"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert", "cherry-pick" or
+#. "rebase -i".
+#.
+#: sequencer.c:563
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "%s: 새 ��스 파�� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:579
+msgid "unable to update cache tree"
+msgstr "�시 트리를 업��트할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:592
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD commit"
+msgstr "HEAD 커밋� 찾� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:749
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you have staged changes in your working tree\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"작업 ��� 스테�징한 변경 사항� 있습니다.\n"
+"� 변경 사항� �전 커밋� 합치려면,\n"
+"다�� 실행하십시오:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"새 커밋으로 만드려면 다�� 실행하십시오:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"어떤 경우�든, 마친 다�� 다� 명령으로 계�합니다:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:818
+msgid "writing root commit"
+msgstr "최�위 커밋� �니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1043
+msgid "'prepare-commit-msg' hook failed"
+msgstr "'prepare-commit-msg' 후�가 실패했습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1050
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
+"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
+"your configuration file:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�름과 전�메� 주소를 사용� �름과 호스트 �름� �용해서 ��으로\n"
+"설정했습니다. � 정보가 맞는지 확�하십시오. � 메시지를 보지 않으려면 정보"
+"를\n"
+"명시�으로 설정하십시오. 다� 명령어를 실행하고 편집기� 안내� 따� 설정\n"
+"파�� 편집하십시오:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"�렇게 한 다�, � 커밋� 사용한 신� 정보를 다�과 같� 해서 바꿀 수 있습니"
+"다:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1063
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�름과 전�메� 주소를 사용� �름과 호스트 �름� �용해서\n"
+"��으로 설정했습니다. � 정보가 맞는지 확�하십시오. � 메시지를\n"
+"보지 않으려면 정보를 명시�으로 설정하십시오:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"내 �름\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"�렇게 한 다�, � 커밋� 사용한 신� 정보를 다�과 같� 해서 바꿀 수 있습니"
+"다:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1103
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr "새로 만든 커밋� 찾아볼 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1105
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr "새로 만든 커밋� 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1151
+msgid "unable to resolve HEAD after creating commit"
+msgstr "커밋� 만든 후 HEAD를 찾� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1153
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr "HEAD 분리�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1157
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr " (최�위-커밋)"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1178
+msgid "could not parse HEAD"
+msgstr "HEAD를 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1180
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "HEAD %s�(는) 커밋� 아닙니다!"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1184 builtin/commit.c:1528
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr "HEAD 커밋� 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1235 sequencer.c:1832
+msgid "unable to parse commit author"
+msgstr "커밋 작성�를 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1245 builtin/am.c:1630 builtin/merge.c:645
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr "git write-tree가 트리를 쓰는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1262 sequencer.c:1317
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read commit message from '%s'"
+msgstr " '%s'� 커밋 메시지를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1284 builtin/am.c:1650 builtin/commit.c:1631 builtin/merge.c:825
+#: builtin/merge.c:850
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr "커밋 오브�트를 쓰는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1344
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit %s"
+msgstr "%s 커밋� 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1349
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr "%s �전 커밋� 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1500 sequencer.c:1525
+#, c-format
+msgid "This is a combination of %d commits."
+msgstr "커밋 %d개가 섞� 결과입니다."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1510 sequencer.c:4355
+msgid "need a HEAD to fixup"
+msgstr "바로잡으려면 HEAD가 필요합니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1512 sequencer.c:2729
+msgid "could not read HEAD"
+msgstr "HEAD를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1514
+msgid "could not read HEAD's commit message"
+msgstr "HEAD� 커밋 메시지를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1520
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1527 git-rebase--interactive.sh:457
+msgid "This is the 1st commit message:"
+msgstr "1번째 커밋 메시지입니다:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1535
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message of %s"
+msgstr "%s� 커밋 메시지를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1542
+#, c-format
+msgid "This is the commit message #%d:"
+msgstr "커밋 메시지 #%d번입니다:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1548
+#, c-format
+msgid "The commit message #%d will be skipped:"
+msgstr "커밋 메시지 #%d번� 건너�니다:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1553
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command: %d"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 명령: %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1631
+msgid "your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr "��스 파�� 병합�지 않았습니다."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1638
+msgid "cannot fixup root commit"
+msgstr "최�위 커밋� 바로잡� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1657
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr "%s 커밋� 병합�지만 -m 옵션� 주어지지 않았습니다."
+
+# FIXME: "parent %d" 번호가 무슨 �미?
+#: sequencer.c:1665
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr "%s 커밋� �전 커밋 %d�(가) 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1669
+#, c-format
+msgid "mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgstr "메���� 지정했지만 %s 커밋� 병합 커밋� 아닙니다."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1675
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr "%s� 대한 커밋 메시지를 가져올 수 없습니다"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be a "todo" command like
+#. "revert" or "pick", the second %s a SHA1.
+#: sequencer.c:1694
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s �전 커밋� 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1759
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not rename '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�서 '%s'(으)로 �름� 바꿀 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1813
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
+msgstr "다�� ��릴(revert) 수 없습니다: %s... %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1814
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
+msgstr "다�� �용할(apply) 수 없습니다: %s... %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1864
+msgid "empty commit set passed"
+msgstr "빈 커밋 모�� 건너 �니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1874
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
+msgstr "git %s: ��스 �기� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1881
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
+msgstr "git %s: ��스 새로 고침� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1961
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s does not accept arguments: '%s'"
+msgstr "%s(�)는 ��를 허용하지 않습니다: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1970
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing arguments for %s"
+msgstr "없는 ��, %s� 대해"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2029
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "잘못� 줄 %d: %.*s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2037
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot '%s' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "�전 커밋 없� '%s' 수행할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2085 sequencer.c:4138 sequencer.c:4173
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'."
+msgstr "'%s'�서 �� 수 없습니다."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2108
+msgid "please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "'git rebase --edit-todo' 명령으로 바로잡으십시오."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2110
+#, c-format
+msgid "unusable instruction sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "사용 불가능 �스트럭션 시트: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2115
+msgid "no commits parsed."
+msgstr "파싱한 커밋� 없습니다."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2126
+msgid "cannot cherry-pick during a revert."
+msgstr "��리기(revert) 중� 빼오기(cherry-pick)를 할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2128
+msgid "cannot revert during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr "빼오기(cherry-pick) 중� ��리기(revert)를 할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2195
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid key: %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 키: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2198
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "%s� 값� 잘못�: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2269
+msgid "unusable squash-onto"
+msgstr "불안한 squash-onto"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2285
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed options sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "형�� 잘못� 옵션 시트: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2323
+msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
+msgstr "�미 커밋 빼오기(cherry-pick) �는 ��리기(revert)가 진행 중입니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2324
+msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+msgstr "\"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\" 명령� 해 보십시오"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2327
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create sequencer directory '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 시퀀서 디렉터리를 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2341
+msgid "could not lock HEAD"
+msgstr "HEAD를 잠글 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2396 sequencer.c:3403
+msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
+msgstr "빼오기(cherry-pick) �는 ��리기(revert)가 진행 중�지 않습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2398
+msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
+msgstr "HEAD를 구해 올 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2400 sequencer.c:2435
+msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr "새로 만들고 있는 브랜치�서 중지할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2421 builtin/grep.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 열 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2423
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read '%s': %s"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) �� 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2424
+msgid "unexpected end of file"
+msgstr "예�치 못하게 파�� �났습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2430
+#, c-format
+msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
+msgstr "빼오기 전� 저장한 HEAD 파��('%s') ���었습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2441
+msgid "You seem to have moved HEAD. Not rewinding, check your HEAD!"
+msgstr "HEAD를 옮긴 것 같습니다. ��리지 않습니다. HEAD를 확�하십시오!"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2545 sequencer.c:3321
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update %s"
+msgstr "%s�(를) 업��트할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2583 sequencer.c:3301
+msgid "cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "HEAD를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2618 sequencer.c:2622 builtin/difftool.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�서 '%s'(으)로 복사할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2641
+msgid "could not read index"
+msgstr "��스를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2646
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution failed: %s\n"
+"%sYou can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"실행 실패: %s\n"
+"%s문제를 바로잡고, 다�� 실행하십시오\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2652
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+msgstr "그리고 ��스 그리고/�는 작업 ��� 변경 사항� 있습니다\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2658
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution succeeded: %s\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"실행 성공: %s\n"
+"하지만 변경 사항� ��스 �/�는 작업 ��� 남겨둡니다.\n"
+"변경 사항� 커밋하거나 스태시� 넣으려면, 다�� 실행하십시오:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2771
+msgid "writing fake root commit"
+msgstr "가짜 최�위 커밋� �니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2776
+msgid "writing squash-onto"
+msgstr "squash-onto를 �니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2811
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to find tree of %s"
+msgstr "%s� 트리를 찾는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2829
+msgid "could not write index"
+msgstr "��스를 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2861
+msgid "cannot merge without a current revision"
+msgstr "현재 리비전 없� 병합할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2884
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 해결할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2906
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get commit message of '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 커밋 메시지를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2916 sequencer.c:2941
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3005
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not even attempt to merge '%.*s'"
+msgstr "'%.*s' 병합� 시�� 할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3021
+msgid "merge: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "병합: 새 ��스 파�� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3088
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied autostash.\n"
+msgstr "�� 스태시 �용.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3100
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot store %s"
+msgstr "%s�(를) 저장할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3103 git-rebase.sh:188
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
+"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
+"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"��스태시 �용� 충�� 발�했습니다.\n"
+"변경 사항� 스태시 안� 안전하게 들어 있습니다.\n"
+"언제든지 \"git stash pop\" �는 \"git stash drop\"� 실행할 수 있습니다.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not execute the todo command\n"
+"\n"
+"    %.*s\n"
+"It has been rescheduled; To edit the command before continuing, please\n"
+"edit the todo list first:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --edit-todo\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"할 � 목� 명령� 실행할 수 없습니다\n"
+"\n"
+"    %.*s\n"
+"스케줄� 조정합니다. 계� 하기 전� 명령어를 편집하려면, 먼저 다�\n"
+"할 � 목�� 편집하십시오:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --edit-todo\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3202
+#, c-format
+msgid "Stopped at %s...  %.*s\n"
+msgstr "%s...  %.*s 위치�서 멈췄습니다\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3264
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command %d"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 명령 %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3309
+msgid "could not read orig-head"
+msgstr "orig-head를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3314 sequencer.c:4352
+msgid "could not read 'onto'"
+msgstr "'onto'를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3328
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update HEAD to %s"
+msgstr "HEAD를 %s 위치로 업��트할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3414
+msgid "cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "리베�스할 수 없습니다: 스테�징하지 않� 변경 사항� 있습니다."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3423
+msgid "cannot amend non-existing commit"
+msgstr "없는 커밋� 수정할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3425
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid file: '%s'"
+msgstr "잘못� 파�: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3427
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid contents: '%s'"
+msgstr "잘못� 내용: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3430
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please, commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"작업 ��� 커밋하지 않� 변경 사항� 있습니다. � 사항� 먼저\n"
+"커밋하고 'git rebase --continue' 명령� 다시 실행하십시오."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3455 sequencer.c:3493
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write file: '%s'"
+msgstr "파�� 쓸 수 없습니다: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3508
+msgid "could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "CHERRY_PICK_HEAD를 제거할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3515
+msgid "could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "스테�징한 변경 사항� 커밋할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3612
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s 커밋� 빼올 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3616
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: bad revision"
+msgstr "%s: 잘못� 리비전"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3649
+msgid "can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr "최초� 커밋으로 ��릴 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4098
+msgid "make_script: unhandled options"
+msgstr "make_script: 처리하지 않� 옵션"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4101
+msgid "make_script: error preparing revisions"
+msgstr "make_script: 리비전 준비 중 오류"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4142 sequencer.c:4177
+#, c-format
+msgid "unusable todo list: '%s'"
+msgstr "사용할 수 없는 할 � 목�: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4236
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unrecognized setting %s for option rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Ignoring."
+msgstr ""
+"rebase.missingCommitsCheck 옵션� 대해 ��할 수 없는 %s 설정. 무시합니다."
+
+#: sequencer.c:4302
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: some commits may have been dropped accidentally.\n"
+"Dropped commits (newer to older):\n"
+msgstr ""
+"경고: �부 커밋� ��치 않게 버려졌� 수� 있습니다.\n"
+"버려진 커밋 (최근�서 과거 순서):\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4309
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"To avoid this message, use \"drop\" to explicitly remove a commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Use 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' to change the level of "
+"warnings.\n"
+"The possible behaviours are: ignore, warn, error.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"� 메시지를 보지 않으려면, \"drop\"� 사용해 명시�으로 커밋� 제거하십시"
+"오.\n"
+"\n"
+"'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' 명령으로 경고 단계를 바꿀 수 있습니"
+"다.\n"
+"가능한 �작�: ignore, warn, error\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4321
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You can fix this with 'git rebase --edit-todo' and then run 'git rebase --"
+"continue'.\n"
+"Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"'git rebase --edit-todo' 명령으로 바로잡� 수 있고 'git rebase --continue' 명"
+"령� 실행합니다.\n"
+"�는 'git rebase --abort' 명령으로 리베�스를 중지할 수� 있습니다.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4375
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 커밋� 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4490
+msgid "the script was already rearranged."
+msgstr "스�립트를 �미 재구성했습니다."
+
+#: setup.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is outside repository"
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) 저장소 밖입니다"
+
+#: setup.c:172
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s: no such path in the working tree.\n"
+"Use 'git <command> -- <path>...' to specify paths that do not exist locally."
+msgstr ""
+"%s: 작업 ��� 그런 경로가 없습니다.\n"
+"로컬� 없는 경로를 지정하려면 'git <명령> -- <경로>...' �으로 사용하십시오."
+
+#: setup.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"애매한 �� '%s': 알 수 없는 리비전 �는 작업 ��� 없는 경로.\n"
+"경로와 리비전� 구분하려면 다�과 같� '--'를 사용하십시오:\n"
+"'git <명령> [<리비전>...] -- [<파�>...]'"
+
+#: setup.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' must come before non-option arguments"
+msgstr "'%s' 옵션�  옵션� 아닌 �� 전� 와야 합니다"
+
+#: setup.c:253
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"애매한 �� '%s': 알 수 없는 리비전 � 파� �름\n"
+"경로와 리비전� 구분하려면 다�과 같� '--'를 사용하십시오:\n"
+"'git <명령> [<리비전>...] -- [<파�>...]'"
+
+#: setup.c:389
+msgid "unable to set up work tree using invalid config"
+msgstr "잘못� 설정� 사용하여 작업 ��를 설정할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: setup.c:393
+msgid "this operation must be run in a work tree"
+msgstr "� 작업� 작업 ���서 실행해야 합니다"
+
+#: setup.c:503
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d"
+msgstr "깃 저장소 버전 <= %d 버전� 기대하지만, %d 버전� 발견�었습니다"
+
+#: setup.c:511
+msgid "unknown repository extensions found:"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 저장소 확장� 있습니다:"
+
+#: setup.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "error opening '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 여는� 오류"
+
+#: setup.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "too large to be a .git file: '%s'"
+msgstr ".git 파�� 너무 �니다: '%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:534
+#, c-format
+msgid "error reading %s"
+msgstr "%s�(를) �는� 오류"
+
+#: setup.c:536
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid gitfile format: %s"
+msgstr "깃파� 형�� 잘못�었습니다: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:538
+#, c-format
+msgid "no path in gitfile: %s"
+msgstr "깃파�� 경로가 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:540
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: %s"
+msgstr "깃 저장소가 아닙니다: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "'$%s' too big"
+msgstr "'$%s'�(가) 너무 �니다"
+
+#: setup.c:653
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: '%s'"
+msgstr "깃 저장소가 아닙니다: '%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:682 setup.c:684 setup.c:715
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 대해 chdir를 할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: setup.c:687 setup.c:743 setup.c:753 setup.c:792 setup.c:800 setup.c:815
+msgid "cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr "현재 디렉터리로 �아올 수 없습니다"
+
+#: setup.c:813
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): %s"
+msgstr "(현재 �� �는 �위 �� 중 �부가) 깃 저장소가 아닙니다: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:824
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%*s%s%s'"
+msgstr "'%*s%s%s'� 대해 stat()� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: setup.c:1054
+msgid "Unable to read current working directory"
+msgstr "현재 작업 디렉터리를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: setup.c:1066 setup.c:1072
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot change to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 대해 변경 할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: setup.c:1085
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not a git repository (or any parent up to mount point %s)\n"
+"Stopping at filesystem boundary (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM not set)."
+msgstr ""
+"(현재 �� �는 �위 �� 부터 마운트 위치 %s 까지 �부가) 깃 저장소가 아닙니"
+"다\n"
+"파� 시스템 경계�서 중지합니다. (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM 설정�지 않"
+"�)"
+
+#: setup.c:1168
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"problem with core.sharedRepository filemode value (0%.3o).\n"
+"The owner of files must always have read and write permissions."
+msgstr ""
+"core.sharedRepository 파�모드 값� (0%.3o) 문제가 있습니다.\n"
+"파�� 소유�� �기와 쓰기 권한� 있어야 합니다."
+
+#: setup.c:1211
+msgid "open /dev/null or dup failed"
+msgstr "/dev/null 열기 �는 dup()� 실패"
+
+#: setup.c:1226
+msgid "fork failed"
+msgstr "fork 실패"
+
+#: setup.c:1231
+msgid "setsid failed"
+msgstr "setsid 실패"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:625
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "'%s' 경로가 없습니다"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:651
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' as a linked checkout is not supported yet."
+msgstr ""
+"레�런스 '%s' 저장소를 연결� 체�아웃으로 쓰기는 아� 지�하지 않습니다."
+
+#: sha1-file.c:657
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
+msgstr "레�런스 '%s' 저장소가 로컬 저장소가 아닙니다."
+
+#: sha1-file.c:663
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
+msgstr "레�런스 '%s' 저장소가 얕� 저장소입니다"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
+msgstr "레�런스 '%s' 저장소가 그래프트로 붙� 저장소입니다"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:442
+#, c-format
+msgid "short SHA1 %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "짧� SHA1 %s�(는) 여럿� 대��니다"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:453
+msgid "The candidates are:"
+msgstr "후보는 다�과 같습니다:"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:695
+msgid ""
+"Git normally never creates a ref that ends with 40 hex characters\n"
+"because it will be ignored when you just specify 40-hex. These refs\n"
+"may be created by mistake. For example,\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b $br $(git rev-parse ...)\n"
+"\n"
+"where \"$br\" is somehow empty and a 40-hex ref is created. Please\n"
+"examine these refs and maybe delete them. Turn this message off by\n"
+"running \"git config advice.objectNameWarning false\""
+msgstr ""
+"깃�서는 보통 40개� 16진수 문�로 �나는 레�런스를 만들지 않습니다.\n"
+"16진수 문� 40�를 지정했� 때 � 레�런스가 무시�기 때문입니다. �\n"
+"레�런스는 실수로 만들어졌� 수� 있습니다. 예를 들어,\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b $br $(git rev-parse ...)\n"
+"\n"
+"여기서 \"$br\"� 비어 있으므로 40� 레�런스가 만들어집니다. � 레�런스를\n"
+"확�해 보시고 잘못 만들어진 것�면 지우십시오. � 메시지를 보고 싶지\n"
+"않으면 \"git config advice.objectNameWarning false\" 명령� 사용하십시오."
+
+#: submodule.c:97 submodule.c:131
+msgid "Cannot change unmerged .gitmodules, resolve merge conflicts first"
+msgstr ""
+"병합하지 않� .gitmodules를 바꿀 수 없습니다. 병합 충�� 먼저 해결하십시오"
+
+#: submodule.c:101 submodule.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find section in .gitmodules where path=%s"
+msgstr "경로가 %s� 때 .gitmodules� 섹션� 찾� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: submodule.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not update .gitmodules entry %s"
+msgstr ".gitmodules 항목 %s�(를) 업��트할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: submodule.c:142
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove .gitmodules entry for %s"
+msgstr "%s� 대한 .gitmodules 항목� 제거할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: submodule.c:153
+msgid "staging updated .gitmodules failed"
+msgstr "업��트한 .gitmodules를 커밋할 사항으로 표시하는� 실패"
+
+#: submodule.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "in unpopulated submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "내용� 없는 하위 모듈 '%s'�서"
+
+#: submodule.c:346
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "경로명세 '%s'�(는) ''%.*s' 하위 모듈 안� 있습니다"
+
+#: submodule.c:837
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule entry '%s' (%s) is a %s, not a commit"
+msgstr "서브모듈 항목 '%s'(%s)�(는) %s�고, 커밋� 아닙니다"
+
+#: submodule.c:1069 builtin/branch.c:651 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1743
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr "HEAD를 올바른 레�런스로 구해내는� 실패했습니다."
+
+#: submodule.c:1375
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' not recognized as a git repository"
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) 깃 저장소로 ���지 않습니다"
+
+#: submodule.c:1513
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not start 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 '%s'�서 'git status'를 시작할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: submodule.c:1526
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not run 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 '%s'�서 'git status'를 실행할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: submodule.c:1619
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' has dirty index"
+msgstr "'%s' 하위 모듈� 변경� ��스가 있습니다"
+
+#: submodule.c:1718
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"relocate_gitdir for submodule '%s' with more than one worktree not supported"
+msgstr ""
+"여러 개� 작업 ��가 있는 하위 모듈 '%s'� 대해 relocate_gitdir� 지�하지 "
+"않습니다"
+
+#: submodule.c:1730 submodule.c:1786
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup name for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 '%s'� �름� 찾아볼 수 없습니다"
+
+#: submodule.c:1734 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1261
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 디렉터리를 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: submodule.c:1737
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Migrating git directory of '%s%s' from\n"
+"'%s' to\n"
+"'%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s%s'� 깃 디렉터리를 옮�니다:\n"
+"'%s'�서\n"
+"'%s'(으)로\n"
+
+#: submodule.c:1821
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "재귀�으로 '%s' 하위 모듈� 들어갈 수 없습니다"
+
+#: submodule.c:1865
+msgid "could not start ls-files in .."
+msgstr "'..' 안�서 ls-files를 시작할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: submodule.c:1904
+#, c-format
+msgid "ls-tree returned unexpected return code %d"
+msgstr "ls-tree가 예�치 못한 코드 %d번� 리턴했습니다"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:230
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring suspicious submodule name: %s"
+msgstr "�심스러운 하위 모듈 �름� 무시합니다: %s"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:294
+msgid "negative values not allowed for submodule.fetchjobs"
+msgstr "submodule.fetchjobs 값� �수를 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:467
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid value for %s"
+msgstr "%s� 값� 올바르지 않습니다"
+
+#: trailer.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "running trailer command '%s' failed"
+msgstr "트레�러 명령 '%s' 실행 실패"
+
+#: trailer.c:485 trailer.c:490 trailer.c:495 trailer.c:549 trailer.c:553
+#: trailer.c:557
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 값 '%s', 키 '%s'"
+
+#: trailer.c:539 trailer.c:544 builtin/remote.c:293
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than one %s"
+msgstr "%s�(가) 여러개입니다"
+
+#: trailer.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty trailer token in trailer '%.*s'"
+msgstr "트레�러 '%.*s'�서 빈 트레�러 토�"
+
+#: trailer.c:750
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read input file '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 입력 파�� �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: trailer.c:753
+msgid "could not read from stdin"
+msgstr "표준 입력�서 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: trailer.c:1008 builtin/am.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat %s"
+msgstr "%s� 대해 stat()할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: trailer.c:1010
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not a regular file"
+msgstr "'%s' 파�� �반 파�� 아닙니다"
+
+#: trailer.c:1012
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not writable by user"
+msgstr "사용�가 %s 파�� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: trailer.c:1024
+msgid "could not open temporary file"
+msgstr "임시 파�� 열 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: trailer.c:1064
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not rename temporary file to %s"
+msgstr "임시 파� �름� '%s'(으)로 바꿀 수 없습니다"
+
+#: transport.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would set upstream of '%s' to '%s' of '%s'\n"
+msgstr "'%1$s'� 업스트림� '%3$s'� '%2$s'(으)로 설정합니다\n"
+
+#: transport.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid "transport: invalid depth option '%s'"
+msgstr "transport: 잘못� 깊� 옵션: %s"
+
+#: transport.c:584
+msgid "could not parse transport.color.* config"
+msgstr "transport.color.* 설정� 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: transport.c:996
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following submodule paths contain changes that can\n"
+"not be found on any remote:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"다� 하위 모듈 경로� 리모트 어디�� 없는\n"
+"변경 사항� 있습니다:\n"
+
+#: transport.c:1000
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Please try\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"or cd to the path and use\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"to push them to a remote.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"리모트� 푸시하려면\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"�는 해당 경로로 cd한 다�\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"명령� 시�해 보십시오\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: transport.c:1008
+msgid "Aborting."
+msgstr "중지함."
+
+#: transport-helper.c:1087
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read ref %s"
+msgstr "%s 레�런스를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:31
+msgid "too-short tree object"
+msgstr "너무 짧� 트리 오브�트"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:37
+msgid "malformed mode in tree entry"
+msgstr "트리 엔트리� 잘못� 형�� 모드"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:41
+msgid "empty filename in tree entry"
+msgstr "트리 엔트리� 빈 파� �름"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:113
+msgid "too-short tree file"
+msgstr "너무 짧� 트리 파�"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"다� 파�� 로컬 변경 사항� 체�아웃 때문� �어 쓰게 �니다:\n"
+"%%s브랜치를 전환하기 전� 변경 사항� 커밋하거나 스태시하십시오."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:113
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"다� 파�� 로컬 변경 사항� 체�아웃 때문� �어 쓰게 �니다:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"다� 파�� 로컬 변경 사항� 병합 때문� �어 쓰게 �니다:\n"
+"%%s병합하기 전� 변경 사항� 커밋하거나 스태시하십시오."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr "다� 파�� 로컬 변경 사항� 병합 때문� �어 쓰게 �니다."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"다� 파�� 로컬 변경 사항� %s 때문� �어 쓰게 �니다:\n"
+"%%s%s 전� 변경 사항� 커밋하거나 스태시하십시오."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"다� 파�� 로컬 변경 사항� %s 때문� �어 쓰게 �니다:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Updating the following directories would lose untracked files in them:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"다� 디렉터리를 업��트하면 그 안� 추�하지 않는 파�� 잃어버립니다:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:132
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"체�아웃 때문� 추�하지 않는 다� 작업 ��� 파�� 제거�니다:\n"
+"%%s브랜치를 전환하기 전� � 파�� 옮기거나 제거하십시오."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"체�아웃 때문� 추�하지 않는 다� 작업 �� 파�� 제거�니다:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"병합 때문� 추�하지 않는 다� 작업 ��� 파�� 제거�니다:\n"
+"%%s병합하기 전� � 파�� 옮기거나 제거하십시오."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"병합 때문� 추�하지 않는 다� 작업 �� 파�� 제거�니다:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:142
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"%s 때문� 추�하지 않는 다� 작업 ��� 파�� 제거�니다:\n"
+"%%s%s 하기 전� � 파�� 옮기거나 제거하십시오."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:144
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"%s 때문� 추�하지 않는 다� 작업 �� 파�� 제거�니다:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:150
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"체�아웃 때문� 추�하지 않는 다� 작업 ��� 파�� �어�니다:\n"
+"%%s브랜치를 전환하기 전� � 파�� 옮기거나 제거하십시오."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"체�아웃 때문� 추�하지 않는 다� 작업 �� 파�� �어�니다:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:155
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"병합 때문� 추�하지 않는 다� 작업 ��� 파�� �어�니다:\n"
+"%%s병합하기 전� � 파�� 옮기거나 제거하십시오."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"병합 때문� 추�하지 않는 다� 작업 �� 파�� �어�니다:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:160
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"%s 때문� 추�하지 않는 다� 작업 ��� 파�� �어�니다:\n"
+"%%s%s 하기 전� � 파�� 옮기거나 제거하십시오."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:162
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"%s 때문� 추�하지 않는 다� 작업 �� 파�� �어�니다:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid "Entry '%s' overlaps with '%s'.  Cannot bind."
+msgstr "'%s' 항목� '%s'와(과) 겹칩니다.  묶� 수 없습니다."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update sparse checkout: the following entries are not up to date:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"드문 체�아웃� 업��트할 수 없습니다. 다� 항목� 최신으로 업��트�지 않"
+"았습니다:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:175
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be overwritten by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"드문 체�아웃 업��트 때문� 추�하지 않는 다� 작업 �� 파�� �어�니"
+"다:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be removed by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"드문 체�아웃 업��트 때문� 추�하지 않는 다� 작업 �� 파�� 제거합니"
+"다:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update submodule:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"하위 모듈�  업��트할 수 없습니다:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting\n"
+msgstr "중지함\n"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:344
+msgid "Checking out files"
+msgstr "파�� 가져옵니다"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:163
+msgid "invalid URL scheme name or missing '://' suffix"
+msgstr "URL 스킴 �름� 잘못�었거나 '://'가 뒤� 붙지 않았습니다"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:187 urlmatch.c:346 urlmatch.c:405
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid %XX escape sequence"
+msgstr "잘못� %XX �스케�프 시퀀스"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:215
+msgid "missing host and scheme is not 'file:'"
+msgstr "호스트가 없고 스킴� 'file:'� 아닙니다"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:232
+msgid "a 'file:' URL may not have a port number"
+msgstr "'file:' URL�는 �트 번호를 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:247
+msgid "invalid characters in host name"
+msgstr "호스트 �름� 잘못� 문�"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:292 urlmatch.c:303
+msgid "invalid port number"
+msgstr "잘못� �트 번호"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:371
+msgid "invalid '..' path segment"
+msgstr "경로�서 잘못� '..' 부분"
+
+#: worktree.c:245 builtin/am.c:2147
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) �는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: worktree.c:291
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' at main working tree is not the repository directory"
+msgstr "메� 작업 ��� '%s'�(는) 저장소 디렉터리가 아닙니다"
+
+#: worktree.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' file does not contain absolute path to the working tree location"
+msgstr "'%s' 파�� 작업 �� 위치� 절대 경로를 가지지 않습니다"
+
+#: worktree.c:314
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "'%s'�(가) 없습니다"
+
+#: worktree.c:320
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a .git file, error code %d"
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) .git 파�� 아닙니다, �태 코드가 %d 입니다"
+
+#: worktree.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point back to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) '%s'�(를) 가리키지 않습니다"
+
+#: wrapper.c:223 wrapper.c:393
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading and writing"
+msgstr "�기와 쓰기용으로 '%s'�(를) 열 수 없습니다"
+
+#: wrapper.c:227 wrapper.c:397 builtin/am.c:320 builtin/am.c:770
+#: builtin/am.c:862 builtin/merge.c:1043
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) �기용으로 열 수 없습니다"
+
+#: wrapper.c:424 wrapper.c:624
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 접근할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: wrapper.c:632
+msgid "unable to get current working directory"
+msgstr "현재 작업 디렉터리를 가져올 수 없습니다"
+
+#: wt-status.c:154
+msgid "Unmerged paths:"
+msgstr "병합하지 않� 경로:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:181 wt-status.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr "  (스테�지 해제하려면 \"git reset %s <파�>...\"� 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:183 wt-status.c:210
+msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr "  (스테�지 해제하려면 \"git rm --cached <파�>...\"� 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:187
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (해결했다고 표시하려면 \"git add <파�>...\"� 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:189 wt-status.c:193
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (해결했다고 표시하려면 알맞게 \"git add/rm <파�>...\"� 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:191
+msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (해결했다고 표시하려면 \"git rm <파�>...\"� 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:202 wt-status.c:1015
+msgid "Changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "커밋할 변경 사항:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:220 wt-status.c:1024
+msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
+msgstr "커밋하�� 정하지 않� 변경 사항:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:224
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr "  (무엇� 커밋할지 바꾸려면 \"git add <파�>...\"� 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:226
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr "  (무엇� 커밋할지 바꾸려면 \"git add/rm <파�>...\"� 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:227
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (작업 ��� 변경 사항� 버리려면 \"git checkout -- <파�>...\"� 사용하십"
+"시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:229
+msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (하위 모듈� 추��지 않는 파��나 수정� 내용� 커밋하거나 버리십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:241
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
+msgstr "  (커밋할 사항� �함하려면 \"git %s <파�>...\"� 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:256
+msgid "both deleted:"
+msgstr "양쪽�서 삭제:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:258
+msgid "added by us:"
+msgstr "� 쪽�서 추가:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:260
+msgid "deleted by them:"
+msgstr "저 쪽�서 삭제:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:262
+msgid "added by them:"
+msgstr "저 쪽�서 추가:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:264
+msgid "deleted by us:"
+msgstr "� 쪽�서 삭제:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:266
+msgid "both added:"
+msgstr "양쪽�서 추가:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:268
+msgid "both modified:"
+msgstr "양쪽�서 수정:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:278
+msgid "new file:"
+msgstr "새 파�:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:280
+msgid "copied:"
+msgstr "복사함:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:282
+msgid "deleted:"
+msgstr "삭제함:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:284
+msgid "modified:"
+msgstr "수정함:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:286
+msgid "renamed:"
+msgstr "�름 바꿈:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:288
+msgid "typechange:"
+msgstr "종류 바뀜:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:290
+msgid "unknown:"
+msgstr "알 수 없�:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:292
+msgid "unmerged:"
+msgstr "병합하지 않�:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:372
+msgid "new commits, "
+msgstr "새 커밋, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:374
+msgid "modified content, "
+msgstr "수정한 내용, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:376
+msgid "untracked content, "
+msgstr "추�하지 않� 내용, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:853
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your stash currently has %d entry"
+msgid_plural "Your stash currently has %d entries"
+msgstr[0] "현재 스태시� %d개 항목� 있습니다"
+
+#: wt-status.c:885
+msgid "Submodules changed but not updated:"
+msgstr "변경�었지만 업��트하지 않� 하위 모듈:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:887
+msgid "Submodule changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "커밋할 하위 모듈� 변경 사항:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:969
+msgid ""
+"Do not modify or remove the line above.\n"
+"Everything below it will be ignored."
+msgstr ""
+"위� 줄� 바꾸거나 지우지 마십시오.\n"
+"아래 있는 내용� 모� 무시�니다."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1084
+msgid "You have unmerged paths."
+msgstr "병합하지 않� 경로가 있습니다."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1087
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
+msgstr "  (충�� 바로잡고 \"git commit\"� 실행하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1089
+msgid "  (use \"git merge --abort\" to abort the merge)"
+msgstr "  (병합� 중단하려면 \"git merge --abort\"를 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1094
+msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
+msgstr "모든 충�� 바로잡았지만 아� 병합하는 중입니다."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1097
+msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
+msgstr "  (병합� 마무리하려면 \"git commit\"� 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1107
+msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
+msgstr "am 세션 중간� 있습니다."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1110
+msgid "The current patch is empty."
+msgstr "현재 패치가 비어 있습니다."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1114
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (충�� 바로잡� 다� \"git am --continue\"를 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1116
+msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr "  (� 패치를 건너 뛰려면 \"git am --skip\"� 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1118
+msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
+msgstr "  (�본 브랜치를 복구하려면 \"git am --abort\"를 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1250
+msgid "git-rebase-todo is missing."
+msgstr "git-rebase-todo가 없습니다."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1252
+msgid "No commands done."
+msgstr "완료한 명령 없�."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1255
+#, c-format
+msgid "Last command done (%d command done):"
+msgid_plural "Last commands done (%d commands done):"
+msgstr[0] "최근 완료한 명령 (%d개 명령 완료):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1266
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (see more in file %s)"
+msgstr "  (�세한 정보는 %s 파� 참고)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1271
+msgid "No commands remaining."
+msgstr "명령� 남아있지 않�."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "Next command to do (%d remaining command):"
+msgid_plural "Next commands to do (%d remaining commands):"
+msgstr[0] "다�� 할 명령 (%d개 명령 남�):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1282
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --edit-todo\" to view and edit)"
+msgstr "  (보고 편집하려면 \"git rebase --edit-todo\"를 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1295
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr "현재 '%s' 브랜치를 '%s' 위로 리베�스하는 중입니다."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1300
+msgid "You are currently rebasing."
+msgstr "현재 리베�스하는 중입니다."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1314
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (충�� 바로잡고 \"git rebase --continue\"를 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1316
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr "  (� 패치를 건너뛰려면 \"git rebase --skip\"� 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1318
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
+msgstr "  (�본 브랜치를 가져오려면 \"git rebase --abort\"를 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1324
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr ""
+"  (모든 충�� 바로잡았습니다: \"git rebase --continue\"를 실행하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1328
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr "현재 '%s' 브랜치를 '%s' 위로 리베�스하는 중 커밋� 분리하는 중입니다."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1333
+msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr "현재 리베�스하는 중 커밋� 분리하는 중입니다."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1336
+msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (작업 ��가 깨�해지면, \"git rebase --continue\"를 실행하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1340
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr "'%s' 브랜치를 '%s' 위로 리베�스하는 중 커밋� 편집하는 중입니다."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1345
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr "리베�스 중� 커밋� 편집하는 중입니다."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1348
+msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
+msgstr "  (현재 커밋� 수정하려면 \"git commit --amend\"� 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1350
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
+msgstr "  (변경 사항� 만족할 때 \"git rebase --continue\"를 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1360
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently cherry-picking commit %s."
+msgstr "현재 %s 커밋� 뽑아 내고 있습니다."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1365
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (충�� 바로잡고 \"git cherry-pick --continue\"를 실행하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1368
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
+msgstr ""
+"  (모든 충�� 바로잡았습니다: \"git cherry-pick --continue\"를 실행하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1370
+msgid "  (use \"git cherry-pick --abort\" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)"
+msgstr "  (뽑기 작업� 취소하려면 \"git cherry-pick --abort\"를 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1379
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently reverting commit %s."
+msgstr "현재 %s 커밋� ��리는 중입니다."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1384
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (충�� 바로잡고 \"git revert --continue\"를 실행하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1387
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"
+msgstr ""
+"  (모든 충�� 바로잡았습니다: \"git revert --continue\"를 실행하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1389
+msgid "  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"
+msgstr "  (��리기 작업� 취소하려면 \"git revert --abort\"를 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1400
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."
+msgstr "'�등분하는 중입니다. '%s' 브랜치부터 시작."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1404
+msgid "You are currently bisecting."
+msgstr "'�등분하는 중입니다."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1407
+msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
+msgstr "  (�래 브랜치로 �아가려면 \"git bisect reset\"� 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1604
+msgid "On branch "
+msgstr "현재 브랜치 "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1610
+msgid "interactive rebase in progress; onto "
+msgstr "대화형 리베�스 진행 중. 갈 위치는 "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1612
+msgid "rebase in progress; onto "
+msgstr "리베�스 진행 중. 갈 위치는 "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1617
+msgid "HEAD detached at "
+msgstr "HEAD가 다� 위치�서 분리: "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1619
+msgid "HEAD detached from "
+msgstr "HEAD가 다�으로부터 분리: "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1622
+msgid "Not currently on any branch."
+msgstr "현재 어떤 브랜치� 사용하지 않�."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1642
+msgid "Initial commit"
+msgstr "최초 커밋"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1643
+msgid "No commits yet"
+msgstr "아� 커밋� 없습니다"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1657
+msgid "Untracked files"
+msgstr "추�하지 않는 파�"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1659
+msgid "Ignored files"
+msgstr "무시한 파�"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1663
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
+"may speed it up, but you have to be careful not to forget to add\n"
+"new files yourself (see 'git help status')."
+msgstr ""
+"추�하지 않는 파�� 모� 확�하는� %.2f초가 걸렸습니다.\n"
+"'status -uno' 옵션� 쓰면 빨�질 수� 있지만, 새 파��\n"
+"�접 찾아서 추가해야 합니다. ('git help status' 참고)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1669
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
+msgstr "추�하지 않는 파�� 보지 않습니다%s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1671
+msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
+msgstr " (추�하지 않는 파�� 보려면 -u 옵션� 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1677
+msgid "No changes"
+msgstr "변경 사항 없�"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1682
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
+msgstr ""
+"커밋할 변경 사항� 추가하지 않았습니다 (\"git add\" �/�는 \"git commit -a"
+"\"를\n"
+"사용하십시오)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1685
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
+msgstr "커밋할 변경 사항� 추가하지 않았습니다\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1688
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
+"track)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"커밋할 사항� 추가하지 않았지만 추�하지 않는 파�� 있습니다 (추�하려면 "
+"\"git\n"
+"add\"를 사용하십시오)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1691
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
+msgstr "커밋할 사항� 추가하지 않았지만 추�하지 않는 파�� 있습니다\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1694
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"커밋할 사항 없� (파�� 만들거나 복사하고 \"git add\"를 사용하면 추�합니"
+"다)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1697 wt-status.c:1702
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit\n"
+msgstr "커밋할 사항 없�\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1700
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"커밋할 사항 없� (추�하지 않는 파�� 보려면 -u 옵션� 사용하십시오)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1704
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit, working tree clean\n"
+msgstr "커밋할 사항 없�, 작업 �� 깨�함\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1817
+msgid "No commits yet on "
+msgstr "아� 커밋� 없습니다, 위치: <"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1821
+msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
+msgstr "HEAD (브랜치 없�)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1852
+msgid "different"
+msgstr "다름"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1854 wt-status.c:1862
+msgid "behind "
+msgstr "다� 뒤�: "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1857 wt-status.c:1860
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr "다� 앞�: "
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the action is e.g. "pull with rebase"
+#: wt-status.c:2366
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "%s 할 수 없습니다: 스테�징하지 않� 변경 사항� 있습니다."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2372
+msgid "additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "추가로, ��스� 커밋하지 않� 변경 사항� 있습니다."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2374
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "%s 할 수 없습니다: ��스� 커밋하지 않� 변경 사항� 있습니다."
+
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:442
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 파� 삭제� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:24
+msgid "git add [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git add [<옵션>] [--] <경로명세>..."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
+msgstr "예�치 못한 diff �태 %c"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:88 builtin/commit.c:266
+msgid "updating files failed"
+msgstr "파� 업��트가 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "remove '%s'\n"
+msgstr "'%s' 제거\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:173
+msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
+msgstr "��스를 새로 고친 다� 커밋 표시하지 않� 변경 사항:"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:233 builtin/rev-parse.c:892
+msgid "Could not read the index"
+msgstr "��스를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:244
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
+msgstr "'%s' 파�� 쓰기용으로 열 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:248
+msgid "Could not write patch"
+msgstr "패치를 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:251
+msgid "editing patch failed"
+msgstr "패치 편집� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:254
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) stat()할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:256
+msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
+msgstr "빈 패치. 중지."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:261
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) �용할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:269
+msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+msgstr "다� 경로는 .gitignore 파� 중 하나 때문� 무시합니다:\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:289 builtin/clean.c:911 builtin/fetch.c:145 builtin/mv.c:123
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/pull.c:212 builtin/push.c:557
+#: builtin/remote.c:1342 builtin/rm.c:240 builtin/send-pack.c:165
+msgid "dry run"
+msgstr "가짜로 실행"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:292
+msgid "interactive picking"
+msgstr "대화�으로 고릅니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:293 builtin/checkout.c:1135 builtin/reset.c:302
+msgid "select hunks interactively"
+msgstr "대화�으로 변경� 부분� 선�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:294
+msgid "edit current diff and apply"
+msgstr "현재 diff를 편집하고 �용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:295
+msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
+msgstr "무시하는 파�� 추가를 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:296
+msgid "update tracked files"
+msgstr "추��는 파�� 업��트합니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "renormalize EOL of tracked files (implies -u)"
+msgstr "추�� 파�� 새줄문�(EOL)를 재 �용합니다 (-u 옵션 �함)"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:298
+msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
+msgstr "나중� 추가할 것��는 사실만 기�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:299
+msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
+msgstr "추��고 추��지 않는 모든 파�� 변경 사항� 추가합니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:302
+msgid "ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"
+msgstr "작업 ���서 제거한 경로를 무시합니다 (--no-all과 ��)"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:304
+msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
+msgstr "추가하지 않고 ��스만 새로 고칩니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:305
+msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
+msgstr "오류 때문� 추가할 수 없는 파�� 건너�니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:306
+msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
+msgstr "가짜로 실행했� 때 파�� 무시하는지 확�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:307 builtin/update-index.c:974
+msgid "(+/-)x"
+msgstr "(+/-)x"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:307 builtin/update-index.c:975
+msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
+msgstr "목�� 파��서 실행 가능 비트를 바꿉니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:309
+msgid "warn when adding an embedded repository"
+msgstr "내장 저장소를 추가할 때 경고를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You've added another git repository inside your current repository.\n"
+"Clones of the outer repository will not contain the contents of\n"
+"the embedded repository and will not know how to obtain it.\n"
+"If you meant to add a submodule, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If you added this path by mistake, you can remove it from the\n"
+"index with:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"See \"git help submodule\" for more information."
+msgstr ""
+"현재 저장소 안� � 다른 깃 저장소를 추가했습니다. 외부 저장소를 복제해�\n"
+"내장� 저장소� 내용� 복제하진 않고 어떻게 내장� 저장소 내용� 얻�지 정보"
+"�\n"
+"없습니다. 하위 모듈� 추가하려면, 다� 명령� 사용하십시오:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"실수로 � 경로를 추가했다면 다� 명령으로 ��스�서 제거할 수 있습니다:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"� �세한 정보는 \"git help submodule\"� 참고하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:352
+#, c-format
+msgid "adding embedded git repository: %s"
+msgstr "내장 깃 저장소 추가: %s"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:370
+#, c-format
+msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
+msgstr "정�로 추가하려면 -f 옵션� 사용하십시오.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:378
+msgid "adding files failed"
+msgstr "파� 추가가 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:416
+msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
+msgstr "-A � -u 옵션� 서로 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:423
+msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
+msgstr ""
+"--ignore-missing 옵션� --dry-run 옵션과 같� 사용할 경우�만 쓸 수 있습니다."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:427
+#, c-format
+msgid "--chmod param '%s' must be either -x or +x"
+msgstr "--chmod 파�미터 '%s'�(는) -x �는 +x 형��어야 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:442
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
+msgstr "아무 것� 지정하지 않았으므로 아무 것� 추가하지 않습니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:443
+#, c-format
+msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
+msgstr "'git add .' 명령� 실행하려고 한 것 아니었습니까?\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:448 builtin/check-ignore.c:177 builtin/checkout.c:280
+#: builtin/checkout.c:483 builtin/clean.c:958 builtin/commit.c:325
+#: builtin/diff-tree.c:114 builtin/mv.c:144 builtin/reset.c:241
+#: builtin/rm.c:270 builtin/submodule--helper.c:328
+msgid "index file corrupt"
+msgstr "��스 파�� ���었습니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:414
+msgid "could not parse author script"
+msgstr "작성� 스�립트를 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:498
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' was deleted by the applypatch-msg hook"
+msgstr "applypatch-msg 후� 때문� '%s'�(가) 삭제�었습니다."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:539
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "잘못� 형�� 입력 줄: '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:576
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�서 '%s'(으)로 노트를 복사하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:602
+msgid "fseek failed"
+msgstr "fseek 실패"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:790
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse patch '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 패치를 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:855
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr "한번� 하나� StGIT 패치 시리즈만 �용할 수 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:903
+msgid "invalid timestamp"
+msgstr "시�� 잘못�었습니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:908 builtin/am.c:920
+msgid "invalid Date line"
+msgstr "Date 줄� 잘못�었습니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:915
+msgid "invalid timezone offset"
+msgstr "시간대 오프셋� 잘못�었습니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1008
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr "패치 형� 검색� 실패했습니다."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1013 builtin/clone.c:407
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 디렉터리 만들기가 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1018
+msgid "Failed to split patches."
+msgstr "패치를 쪼개는� 실패했습니다."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1148 builtin/commit.c:351
+msgid "unable to write index file"
+msgstr "��스 파�� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1162
+#, c-format
+msgid "When you have resolved this problem, run \"%s --continue\"."
+msgstr "� 문제를 해결했� 때 \"%s --continue\"를 실행하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1163
+#, c-format
+msgid "If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"%s --skip\" instead."
+msgstr "� 패치를 건너뛰려면, 그 대신 \"%s --skip\"� 실행하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1164
+#, c-format
+msgid "To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"%s --abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"�래 브랜치를 복구하고 패치 �용� 중지하려면 \"%s --abort\"를 실행하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1271
+msgid "Patch is empty."
+msgstr "패치가 비어 있습니다."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1337
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid ident line: %.*s"
+msgstr "잘못� 신� 줄: %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1359
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse commit %s"
+msgstr "%s 커밋� 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1554
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr "저장소� 3-방향 병합으로 대신할 때 필요한 블롭� 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1556
+msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
+msgstr "��스 정보를 사용해 기본 트리를 다시 만듭니다..."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1575
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+msgstr ""
+"패치를 �접 편집하셨습니까?\n"
+"� 패치는 ��스� 기�� 블롭�는 �용�지 않습니다."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1581
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr "베�스 패치 �용 � 3-방향 병합으로 대신합니다..."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1606
+msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
+msgstr "변경 사항�서 병합하는� 실패했습니다."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1637
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr "빈 커밋 내역� 대해 �용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1683 builtin/am.c:1687
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot resume: %s does not exist."
+msgstr "다시 시작할 수 없습니다: %s�(가) 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1703
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr ""
+"터미�� 표준 입력� 연결�지 않� �태�서 대화형으로 실행할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1708
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
+msgstr "커밋 본문�:"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#.
+#: builtin/am.c:1718
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all: "
+msgstr "�용? 예[y]/아니오[n]/편집[e]/패치 보기[v]/모� �용[a]: "
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1768
+#, c-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "변경� ��스: 패치를 �용할 수 없습니다 (dirty: %s)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1808 builtin/am.c:1879
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying: %.*s"
+msgstr "�용하는 중: %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1824
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr "변경 사항 없� -- 패치가 �미 �용�었습니다."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1832
+#, c-format
+msgid "Patch failed at %s %.*s"
+msgstr "패치가 %s %.*s 위치�서 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1838
+msgid "Use 'git am --show-current-patch' to see the failed patch"
+msgstr "'git am --show-current-patch'를 사용하여 실패한 패치를 볼 수 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1882
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
+msgstr ""
+"변경 사항� 없습니다 - 'git add' 사용� 잊으셨습니까?\n"
+"커밋으로 표시할 사항� 남아 있지 않으면, �미 같� 패치�서 �용�\n"
+"경우� 수� 있습니다. 그런 경우�는 � 패치를 건너뛰면 �니다."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1889
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index.\n"
+"You should 'git add' each file with resolved conflicts to mark them as "
+"such.\n"
+"You might run `git rm` on a file to accept \"deleted by them\" for it."
+msgstr ""
+"��스� 아� 병합하지 않� 경로가 남아 있습니다.\n"
+"충�� 해결한 파�� 'git add'해서 해결했다고 표시해야 합니다.\n"
+"파�� \"저 쪽�서 삭제\"를 받아들�려면 `git rm`� 실행하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1996 builtin/am.c:2000 builtin/am.c:2012 builtin/reset.c:324
+#: builtin/reset.c:332
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr "'%s' 오브�트를 파싱할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2048
+msgid "failed to clean index"
+msgstr "��스 지우기� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2083
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"마지막 'am' 실패 �후 HEAD를 옮긴 것 같습니다.\n"
+"ORIG_HEAD로 ��리지 않습니다."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2174
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for --patch-format: %s"
+msgstr "--patch-format 옵션� 대해 잘못� 값: %s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2210
+msgid "git am [<options>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"
+msgstr "git am [<옵션>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2211
+msgid "git am [<options>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
+msgstr "git am [<옵션>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2217
+msgid "run interactively"
+msgstr "대화형으로 실행합니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2219
+msgid "historical option -- no-op"
+msgstr "아무 �작� 하지 않습니다 (과거부터 있었� 옵션)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2221
+msgid "allow fall back on 3way merging if needed"
+msgstr "필요하면 3-방향 병합으로 대신하�� 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2222 builtin/init-db.c:484 builtin/prune-packed.c:57
+#: builtin/repack.c:192
+msgid "be quiet"
+msgstr "간략히 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2224
+msgid "add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message"
+msgstr "커밋 메시지� Signed-off-by 줄� 남�니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2227
+msgid "recode into utf8 (default)"
+msgstr "UTF-8 �코딩으로 변환합니다 (기본값)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2229
+msgid "pass -k flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "git-mailinfo� -k 옵션� �니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2231
+msgid "pass -b flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "git-mailinfo� -b 옵션� �니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2233
+msgid "pass -m flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "git-mailinfo� -m 옵션� �니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2235
+msgid "pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit for mbox format"
+msgstr "mbox 형�� 대해 git-mailsplit� --keep-cr 옵션� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2238
+msgid "do not pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit independent of am.keepcr"
+msgstr ""
+"am.keepcr� 무관하게 git-mailsplit� --keep-cr 옵션� 사용하지 않습니다."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2241
+msgid "strip everything before a scissors line"
+msgstr "절취선 앞� 모든 사항� 무시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2243 builtin/am.c:2246 builtin/am.c:2249 builtin/am.c:2252
+#: builtin/am.c:2255 builtin/am.c:2258 builtin/am.c:2261 builtin/am.c:2264
+#: builtin/am.c:2270
+msgid "pass it through git-apply"
+msgstr "git-apply� 넘�니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2260 builtin/commit.c:1332 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:668 builtin/grep.c:853 builtin/merge.c:208
+#: builtin/pull.c:150 builtin/pull.c:208 builtin/repack.c:201
+#: builtin/repack.c:205 builtin/repack.c:207 builtin/show-branch.c:631
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:169 builtin/tag.c:383 parse-options.h:144
+#: parse-options.h:146 parse-options.h:258
+msgid "n"
+msgstr "n"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2266 builtin/branch.c:632 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38
+#: builtin/replace.c:543 builtin/tag.c:419 builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format"
+msgstr "형�"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2267
+msgid "format the patch(es) are in"
+msgstr "패치� 형�"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2273
+msgid "override error message when patch failure occurs"
+msgstr "패치 실패가 발�했� 때 오류 메시지 대신 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2275
+msgid "continue applying patches after resolving a conflict"
+msgstr "충�� 해결한 다� 패치 �용� 계�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2278
+msgid "synonyms for --continue"
+msgstr "--continue 옵션과 ��"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2281
+msgid "skip the current patch"
+msgstr "현재 패치 건너뛰기"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2284
+msgid "restore the original branch and abort the patching operation."
+msgstr "�래 브랜치를 복구하고 패치 �용 작업� 중지합니다."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2287
+msgid "abort the patching operation but keep HEAD where it is."
+msgstr "패치 작업� 중단하지만 HEAD는 그대로 둡니다."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2290
+msgid "show the patch being applied."
+msgstr "�용�는 패치를 보여�니다."
+
+# NOTE: 옵션� �미는 �게 맞다. �문�서는 사용�가
+# --committer-date-is-author-date�는 옵션� 보고 �미를 알 수 있다고 가정하고 있다.
+#: builtin/am.c:2294
+msgid "lie about committer date"
+msgstr "커미터 시�� 작성� 시�으로 넣습니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2296
+msgid "use current timestamp for author date"
+msgstr "현재 시�� 작성� 시�으로 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2298 builtin/commit.c:1468 builtin/merge.c:239
+#: builtin/pull.c:183 builtin/revert.c:112 builtin/tag.c:399
+msgid "key-id"
+msgstr "키-ID"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2299
+msgid "GPG-sign commits"
+msgstr "GPG 서명 커밋"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2302
+msgid "(internal use for git-rebase)"
+msgstr "(git-rebase를 위한 내부 용�)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2320
+msgid ""
+"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
+msgstr ""
+"-b/--binary 옵션� 오랜 시간 �안 아무 �작� 하지 않았으므로, �\n"
+"옵션� 제거� 예정입니다. �제 사용하지 마십시오."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2327
+msgid "failed to read the index"
+msgstr "��스 �기� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2342
+#, c-format
+msgid "previous rebase directory %s still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr "�전 리베�스 디렉터리 %s�(가) 아� 있고 mbox를 지정했습니다."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2366
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Stray %s directory found.\n"
+"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
+msgstr ""
+"벗어난 %s 디렉터리가 발견�었습니다.\n"
+"제거하려면 \"git am --abort\"를 사용하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2372
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr "해소 작업� 진행 중입니다. 다시 시작하지 않습니다."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:8
+msgid "git apply [<options>] [<patch>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [<옵션>] [<패치>...]"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:17
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create archive file '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 아카�브 파�� 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:20
+msgid "could not redirect output"
+msgstr "출력 방향� �릴 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:37
+msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
+msgstr "git archive: URL 없는 리모트"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:58
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr "git archive: ACK/NAK가 와야 하지만, 플러시 패킷� 받았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
+msgstr "git archive: NACK %s"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:64
+msgid "git archive: protocol error"
+msgstr "git archive: 프로토콜 오류"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:68
+msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
+msgstr "git archive: 파� �� 예�함"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:12
+msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:13
+msgid "git bisect--helper --write-terms <bad_term> <good_term>"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --write-terms <비정�_용어> <정�_용어>"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:14
+msgid "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid term"
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) 올바른 용어가 아닙니다."
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't use the builtin command '%s' as a term"
+msgstr "내부 명령어 '%s'�(를) 용어로 사용할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't change the meaning of the term '%s'"
+msgstr "용어 '%s'� �미를 바꿀 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:71
+msgid "please use two different terms"
+msgstr "� 다른 용어를 사용하십시오"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:78
+msgid "could not open the file BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "BISECT_TERMS 파�� 열 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:120
+msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
+msgstr "'git bisect next'를 수행합니다"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:122
+msgid "write the terms to .git/BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "용어를 .git/BISECT_TERMS� �니다"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:124
+msgid "cleanup the bisection state"
+msgstr "�등분 �태를 정리합니다"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:126
+msgid "check for expected revs"
+msgstr "예�� 리비전� 확�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:128
+msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
+msgstr "현재 커밋� 가져오는 대신 BISECT_HEAD를 업��트합니다"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:143
+msgid "--write-terms requires two arguments"
+msgstr "--write-terms 옵션� � ��가 필요합니다"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:147
+msgid "--bisect-clean-state requires no arguments"
+msgstr "--bisect-clean-state 옵션� ��가 필요하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:29
+msgid "git blame [<options>] [<rev-opts>] [<rev>] [--] <file>"
+msgstr "git blame [<옵션>] [<리비전-옵션>] [<리비전>] [--] <파�>"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:34
+msgid "<rev-opts> are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+msgstr "<리비전-옵션>� git-rev-list(1)� 설명�어 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:404
+#, c-format
+msgid "expecting a color: %s"
+msgstr "색� 예�합니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:411
+msgid "must end with a color"
+msgstr "색으로 �나야 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:697
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid color '%s' in color.blame.repeatedLines"
+msgstr "color.blame.repeatedLines� 잘못� 색� ('%s') 무시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:715
+msgid "invalid value for blame.coloring"
+msgstr "blame.coloring� 값� 올바르지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:786
+msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
+msgstr "블레임 항목� 찾�마� �진�으로 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:787
+msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
+msgstr "가장�리 커밋� 대해 빈 SHA-1� 표시합니다 (기본값: 꺼�)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:788
+msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
+msgstr "최�위 커밋� 가장�리 커밋으로 취급하지 않습니다 (기본값: 꺼�)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:789
+msgid "Show work cost statistics"
+msgstr "작업 비용 통계를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:790
+msgid "Force progress reporting"
+msgstr "강제로 진행 �황� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:791
+msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
+msgstr "블레임 항목� 대해 출력 �수를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:792
+msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
+msgstr "�래 파� �름 표시 (기본값: ��)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:793
+msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
+msgstr "�래 줄 번호 표시 (기본값: 하지 않�)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:794
+msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
+msgstr "컴퓨터 처리용으로 설계� 형�으로 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:795
+msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
+msgstr "줄마다 커밋 정보가 표시�는 사용�용 형�으로 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:796
+msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
+msgstr "git-annotate와 ��한 형�� 사용합니다 (기본값: 꺼�)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:797
+msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
+msgstr "내부 형�으로 시�� 표시합니다 (기본값: 꺼�)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:798
+msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
+msgstr "길게 커밋 SHA1� 표시합니다 (기본값: 꺼�)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:799
+msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
+msgstr "작성� �름과 시�� 표시하지 않습니다 (기본값: 꺼�)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:800
+msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
+msgstr "작성� �름 대신� 전�메�� 표시합니다 (기본값: 꺼�)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:801
+msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
+msgstr "공백 문� 차��� 무시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:802
+msgid "color redundant metadata from previous line differently"
+msgstr "불필요한 메타��터를 앞� 줄과 다르게 색� 칠합니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:803
+msgid "color lines by age"
+msgstr "줄� 얼마나 오래 ���� 따� 다르게 색� 칠합니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:810
+msgid "Use an experimental heuristic to improve diffs"
+msgstr "diff를 향�하는� 실험�� 휴리스틱� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:812
+msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
+msgstr "� �치하는 항목� 찾는� � 시간� 소모합니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:813
+msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
+msgstr "git-rev-list를 호출하는 대신 <파�>�서 리비전� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:814
+msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
+msgstr "<파�>� 내용� 최종 �미지로 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:815 builtin/blame.c:816
+msgid "score"
+msgstr "�수"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:815
+msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
+msgstr "파� 내부와 파� 사�� 복사� 줄� 찾습니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:816
+msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
+msgstr "파� 내부와 파� 사�� 옮겨진 줄� 찾습니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:817
+msgid "n,m"
+msgstr "n,m"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:817
+msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
+msgstr "n,m줄 (1번 줄부터 시작) 사�� 범위만 처리"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:866
+msgid "--progress can't be used with --incremental or porcelain formats"
+msgstr ""
+"--progress 옵션� --incremental 옵션�나 �스레� 형��서 사용할 수 없습니다"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the
+#. maximum display width for a relative timestamp in
+#. "git blame" output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11
+#. months ago", which takes 22 places, is the longest
+#. among various forms of relative timestamps, but
+#. your language may need more or fewer display
+#. columns.
+#.
+#: builtin/blame.c:917
+msgid "4 years, 11 months ago"
+msgstr "4년 11달 전"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s has only %lu line"
+msgid_plural "file %s has only %lu lines"
+msgstr[0] "%s 파��는 줄� %lu개 �입니다"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:1049
+msgid "Blaming lines"
+msgstr "블레임 줄"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:27
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+msgstr "git branch [<옵션>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:28
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-l] [-f] <branch-name> [<start-point>]"
+msgstr "git branch [<옵션>] [-l] [-f] <브랜치-�름> [<시작-지�>]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:29
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r] (-d | -D) <branch-name>..."
+msgstr "git branch [<옵션>] [-r] (-d | -D) <브랜치-�름>..."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:30
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-m | -M) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [<옵션>] (-m | -M) [<과거-브랜치>] <새-브랜치>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:31
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-c | -C) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [<옵션>] (-c | -C) [<과거-브랜치>] <새-브랜치>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:32
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+msgstr "git branch [<옵션>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:33
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+msgstr "git branch [<옵션>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:146
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
+"         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 브랜치를 삭제합니다. � 브랜치는 '%s'�\n"
+"         병합�었지만, HEAD�는 병합�지 않았습니다."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:150
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
+"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 브랜치를 삭제하지 않습니다. � 브랜치는 '%s'�\n"
+"         병합�지 않았지만, HEAD�는 병합�었습니다."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:164
+#, c-format
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 대한 커밋 오브�트를 찾아볼 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
+"If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 브랜치가 완전히 병합�지 않았습니다.\n"
+"정�로 삭제하려면 'git branch -D %s' 명령� 실행하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:181
+msgid "Update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "config-file 업��트가 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:212
+msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
+msgstr "-a 옵션� -d 옵션과 같� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:218
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
+msgstr "HEAD� 대한 커밋 오브�트를 찾아볼 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:232
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot delete branch '%s' checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "'%2$s' 위치� 체�아웃한 '%1$s' 브랜치를 삭제할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:247
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote-tracking branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "리모트 추� '%s' 브랜치가 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:248
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "'%s' 브랜치가 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:263
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting remote-tracking branch '%s'"
+msgstr "리모트 추� '%s' 브랜치를 삭제하는� 오류"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:264
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 브랜치를 삭제하는� 오류"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:271
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted remote-tracking branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "리모트 추� '%s' 브랜치를 삭제합니다. (과거 %s)\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "%s 브랜치 삭제 (과거 %s).\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:416 builtin/tag.c:58
+msgid "unable to parse format string"
+msgstr "�맷 문�열� 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:453
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s is being rebased at %s"
+msgstr "%s 브랜치를 %s 위치� 리베�스합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:457
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s is being bisected at %s"
+msgstr "%s 브랜치를 %s 위치�서 bisect합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:474
+msgid "cannot copy the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr "브랜치 위� 없으면서 현재 브랜치를 복사할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:476
+msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr "브랜치 위� 없으면서 현재 브랜치 �름� 바꿀 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:487
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
+msgstr "잘못� 브랜치 �름: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:514
+msgid "Branch rename failed"
+msgstr "브랜치 �름 바꾸기 실패"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:516
+msgid "Branch copy failed"
+msgstr "브랜치 복사 실패"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:520
+#, c-format
+msgid "Created a copy of a misnamed branch '%s'"
+msgstr "�름� 잘못� '%s' 브랜치� 복사본� 만들었습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:523
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+msgstr "�름� 잘못� '%s' 브랜치� �름� 다르게 바꿉니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:529
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
+msgstr "브랜치 �름� %s(으)로 바꾸지만, HEAD를 업��트하지 않습니다!"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:538
+msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "브랜치� �름� 바꾸지만, config-file 업��트가 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:540
+msgid "Branch is copied, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "브랜치를 복사했지만, config-file 업��트가 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:556
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Please edit the description for the branch\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be stripped.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"다� 브랜치� 대한 설명� 쓰십시오:\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"'%c' 문�로 시작하는 줄� 무시�니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:589
+msgid "Generic options"
+msgstr "�반 옵션"
+
+# FIXME: give twice?
+#: builtin/branch.c:591
+msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
+msgstr "해시와 제목� 표시하고, 업스트림 브랜치� 대한 위치를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:592
+msgid "suppress informational messages"
+msgstr "여러가지 안내 메시지를 표시하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:593
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
+msgstr "추� 모드를 설정합니다 (git-pull(1) 참고)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:595
+msgid "do not use"
+msgstr "사용하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
+msgid "upstream"
+msgstr "업스트림"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
+msgid "change the upstream info"
+msgstr "업스트림 정보를 바꿉니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:598
+msgid "Unset the upstream info"
+msgstr "업스트림 정보를 해제합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:599
+msgid "use colored output"
+msgstr "여러 색으로 출력합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:600
+msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "리모트 추� 브랜치� 대해 �작합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:602 builtin/branch.c:604
+msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
+msgstr "커밋� 있는 브랜치만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:603 builtin/branch.c:605
+msgid "print only branches that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "커밋� 들어있지 않� 브랜치만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:608
+msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
+msgstr "특정 git-branch �작:"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:609
+msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr "리모트와 로컬� 브랜치 목�� 모� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:611
+msgid "delete fully merged branch"
+msgstr "완전히 병합� 브랜치를 삭제합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:612
+msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
+msgstr "브랜치를 삭제합니다 (병합�지 않았���)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:613
+msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr "브랜치와 그 reflog를 옮기거나 �름� 바꿉니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:614
+msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr "대�� �미 있��� 브랜치를 옮기거나 �름� 바꿉니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:615
+msgid "copy a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr "브랜치와 그 reflog를 복사합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:616
+msgid "copy a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr "대�� �미 있��� 브랜치를 복사합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:617
+msgid "list branch names"
+msgstr "브랜치 �름 목�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:618
+msgid "create the branch's reflog"
+msgstr "브랜치� reflog를 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:620
+msgid "edit the description for the branch"
+msgstr "브랜치� 설명� 편집합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:621
+msgid "force creation, move/rename, deletion"
+msgstr "강제로 만들고, 옮기거나 �름� 바꾸고, 삭제합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:622
+msgid "print only branches that are merged"
+msgstr "병합�는 브랜치만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:623
+msgid "print only branches that are not merged"
+msgstr "병합�지 않는 브랜치만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:624
+msgid "list branches in columns"
+msgstr "목�� 여러 열로 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:625 builtin/for-each-ref.c:40 builtin/ls-remote.c:70
+#: builtin/tag.c:412
+msgid "key"
+msgstr "키"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:626 builtin/for-each-ref.c:41 builtin/ls-remote.c:71
+#: builtin/tag.c:413
+msgid "field name to sort on"
+msgstr "정렬한 기준� �는 필드 �름"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:628 builtin/for-each-ref.c:43 builtin/notes.c:408
+#: builtin/notes.c:411 builtin/notes.c:571 builtin/notes.c:574
+#: builtin/tag.c:415
+msgid "object"
+msgstr "오브�트"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:629
+msgid "print only branches of the object"
+msgstr "해당 오브�트� 브랜치만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:631 builtin/for-each-ref.c:49 builtin/tag.c:422
+msgid "sorting and filtering are case insensitive"
+msgstr "정렬과 필터�� 대소문�를 구분하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:632 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38 builtin/tag.c:420
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format to use for the output"
+msgstr "출력� 사용할 형�"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:655 builtin/clone.c:737
+msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
+msgstr "레�런스/헤드 아래� HEAD가 없습니다!"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:678
+msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column � --verbose 옵션� 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:693 builtin/branch.c:745 builtin/branch.c:754
+msgid "branch name required"
+msgstr "브랜치 �름� 필요합니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:721
+msgid "Cannot give description to detached HEAD"
+msgstr "분리� HEAD� 대한 설명� 부여할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:726
+msgid "cannot edit description of more than one branch"
+msgstr "여러 브랜치� 대한 설명� 편집할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:733
+#, c-format
+msgid "No commit on branch '%s' yet."
+msgstr "아� '%s' 브랜치� 커밋� 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:736
+#, c-format
+msgid "No branch named '%s'."
+msgstr "�름� '%s'� 브랜치가 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:751
+msgid "too many branches for a copy operation"
+msgstr "복사 작업� 대해 브랜치가 너무 많습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:760
+msgid "too many arguments for a rename operation"
+msgstr "�름 바꾸기 작업� 대해 ��가 너무 많습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:765
+msgid "too many arguments to set new upstream"
+msgstr "새 업스트림� 설정하는� ��가 너무 많습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:769
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr ""
+"HEAD� 업스트림� %s(으)로 설정할 수 없습니다. 어떤 브랜치� 가리키지 않습니"
+"다."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:772 builtin/branch.c:794 builtin/branch.c:810
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch '%s'"
+msgstr "그런 브랜치가 ('%s') 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:776
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "'%s' 브랜치가 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:788
+msgid "too many arguments to unset upstream"
+msgstr "업스트림 설정� 해제하는� ��가 너무 많습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:792
+msgid "could not unset upstream of HEAD when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr ""
+"HEAD� 업스트림 설정� 해제할 수 없습니다. 어떤 브랜치� 가리키지 않습니다."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:798
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
+msgstr "'%s' 브랜치� 업스트림 정보가 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:813
+msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
+msgstr ""
+"'git branch'� 대해 -a � -r 옵션� 브랜치 �름과 같� 쓰면 앞뒤가 맞지 않습"
+"니다"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:816
+msgid ""
+"the '--set-upstream' option is no longer supported. Please use '--track' or "
+"'--set-upstream-to' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"'--set-upstream' 옵션� � �� 사용�지 않고 제거� 예정입니다. '--track' �"
+"는 '--set-upstream-to' 옵션� 사용해 보십시오."
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:45
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is okay\n"
+msgstr "%s 정�입니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:58
+msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
+msgstr "번들� 만드려면 저장소가 필요합니다."
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:62
+msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
+msgstr "번들� 해제하려면 저장소가 필요합니다."
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:525
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <type> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<path>] <object>"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <종류> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<경로>] <오브�트>"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:526
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:563
+msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
+msgstr "<종류>는 다� 중 하나가 � 수 있습니다: blob, tree, commit, tag"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:564
+msgid "show object type"
+msgstr "오브�트 종류를 봅니다"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:565
+msgid "show object size"
+msgstr "오브�트 �기를 봅니다"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:567
+msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
+msgstr "오류가 없� 때 0� 리턴하고 �냅니다"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:568
+msgid "pretty-print object's content"
+msgstr "오브�트� 내용� 예�게 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:570
+msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
+msgstr "블롭 오브�트� 대해서는, 오브�트� 내용� 대해 textconv를 실행합니다"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:572
+msgid "for blob objects, run filters on object's content"
+msgstr "블롭 오브�트� 대해서는, 오브�트� 내용� 대해 필터를 실행합니다"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:573 git-submodule.sh:894
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr "블롭"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:574
+msgid "use a specific path for --textconv/--filters"
+msgstr "--textconv/--filters 옵션� 경로를 지정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:576
+msgid "allow -s and -t to work with broken/corrupt objects"
+msgstr "-s � -t 옵션� ��� 오브�트� 대해 �작하�� 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:577
+msgid "buffer --batch output"
+msgstr "--batch 출력� 대해 버��합니다"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:579
+msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr "표준 입력�서 입력� 오브�트� 정보와 내용� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:582
+msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr "표준 입력�서 입력� 오브�트� 정보를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:585
+msgid "follow in-tree symlinks (used with --batch or --batch-check)"
+msgstr ""
+"트리 내부� 심볼릭 ��를 따�갑니다 (--batch �는 --batch-check와 같� 사용)"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:587
+msgid "show all objects with --batch or --batch-check"
+msgstr "--batch �는 --batch-check�서 모든 오브�트를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:12
+msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | <attr>...] [--] <pathname>..."
+msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | <�성>...] [--] <경로�름>..."
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:13
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...]"
+msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <�성>...]"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
+msgid "report all attributes set on file"
+msgstr "파�� 설정� 모든 �성� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21
+msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
+msgstr "��스�서만 .gitattributes를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:22 builtin/check-ignore.c:24 builtin/hash-object.c:100
+msgid "read file names from stdin"
+msgstr "표준 입력�서 파� �름� �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:24 builtin/check-ignore.c:26
+msgid "terminate input and output records by a NUL character"
+msgstr "NUL 문�를 기준으로 �료 입력 � 출력� 멈춥니다"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:20 builtin/checkout.c:1113 builtin/gc.c:500
+msgid "suppress progress reporting"
+msgstr "진행 �황 표시를 하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
+msgid "show non-matching input paths"
+msgstr "�치하지 않는 입력 경로를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:30
+msgid "ignore index when checking"
+msgstr "검사할 때 ��스를 무시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
+msgid "cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
+msgstr "--stdin으로 경로 �름� 지정할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:162
+msgid "-z only makes sense with --stdin"
+msgstr "-z 옵션� --stdin 옵션과 같� �야만 �미가 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:164
+msgid "no path specified"
+msgstr "경로를 지정하지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
+msgid "--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
+msgstr "--quiet 옵션� 하나� 경로 �름과 같� �야 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:170
+msgid "cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"
+msgstr "--quiet � --verbose 옵션� 같� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:173
+msgid "--non-matching is only valid with --verbose"
+msgstr "--non-matching 옵션� --verbose 옵션과 같� �야 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:9
+msgid "git check-mailmap [<options>] <contact>..."
+msgstr "git check-mailmap [<옵션>] <연�처>..."
+
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:14
+msgid "also read contacts from stdin"
+msgstr "� 연�처를 표준 입력�서 �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:25
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse contact: %s"
+msgstr "연�처를 파싱할 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:48
+msgid "no contacts specified"
+msgstr "연�처를 지정하지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:128
+msgid "git checkout-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git checkout-index [<옵션>] [--] [<파�>...]"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:143
+msgid "stage should be between 1 and 3 or all"
+msgstr "스테�지는 1�서 3 사�� 값�거나 all�어야 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:159
+msgid "check out all files in the index"
+msgstr "��스� 모든 파�� 가져옵니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:160
+msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
+msgstr "기존 파�� 강제로 �어 �니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:162
+msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
+msgstr "기존 파�과 ��스� 없는 파�� 대해 경고하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:164
+msgid "don't checkout new files"
+msgstr "새 파�� 가져오지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:166
+msgid "update stat information in the index file"
+msgstr "��스 파�� stat 정보를 업��트합니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:170
+msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
+msgstr "표준 입력�서 경로� 목�� �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:172
+msgid "write the content to temporary files"
+msgstr "내용� 임시 파�� �니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:173 builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1216 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1219
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1227 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1591
+#: builtin/worktree.c:610
+msgid "string"
+msgstr "문�열"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:174
+msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
+msgstr "파�� 만들 때, 앞� <문�열>� 붙입니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:176
+msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
+msgstr "지정한 스테�지�서 파�� 복사해 옵니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:27
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] <branch>"
+msgstr "git checkout [<옵션>] <브랜치>"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:28
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
+msgstr "git checkout [<옵션>] [<브랜치>] -- <파�>..."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:136 builtin/checkout.c:169
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
+msgstr "'%s' 경로� 우리쪽 버전� 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:138 builtin/checkout.c:171
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
+msgstr "'%s' 경로� �대편 버전� 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:154
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
+msgstr "'%s' 경로� 필요한 모든 버전� 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:198
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
+msgstr "'%s' 경로� 필요한 버전� 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
+msgstr "'%s' 경로: 병합할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:231
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 대한 병합 결과를 추가할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:253 builtin/checkout.c:256 builtin/checkout.c:259
+#: builtin/checkout.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
+msgstr "'%s' 옵션� 업��트하는 경로�서 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:268
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr "'%s' 옵션� %s 옵션과 같� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:271
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
+msgstr "경로를 업��트하고 '%s' 브랜치로 전환하는 �� �시� 할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:340 builtin/checkout.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
+msgstr "'%s' 경로를 병합하지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:506
+msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
+msgstr "현재 ��스를 먼저 해결해야 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:643
+#, c-format
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "'%s'� 대해 reflog할 수 없습니다: %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:684
+msgid "HEAD is now at"
+msgstr "HEAD� 현재 위치는"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:688 builtin/clone.c:691
+msgid "unable to update HEAD"
+msgstr "HEAD를 업��트할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:692
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "'%s' 브랜치 리셋\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:695
+#, c-format
+msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
+msgstr "�미 '%s'� 있습니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:699
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "'%s' 브랜치로 전환하고 리셋합니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:701 builtin/checkout.c:1046
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "새로 만든 '%s' 브랜치로 전환합니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:703
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "'%s' 브랜치로 전환합니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:754
+#, c-format
+msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
+msgstr " ... 그리고 %d개 �.\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:760
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commits behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"경고: 브랜치 중� 아무것�� 연결�지 않� 커밋� 뒤�\n"
+"%d개 있습니다:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to keep it by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"새 브랜치를 만들어서 � 커밋� 저장하고 싶으면, 지금 다�과\n"
+"같� 할 수 있습니다:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <새-브랜치-�름> %s\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:811
+msgid "internal error in revision walk"
+msgstr "리비전 walk� 내부 오류"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:815
+msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
+msgstr "�전 HEAD 위치는"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:843 builtin/checkout.c:1041
+msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr "현재 위치가 만들 예정� 브랜치� 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:947
+#, c-format
+msgid "only one reference expected, %d given."
+msgstr "하나� 레�런스만 지정해야 하지만 %d개를 지정했습니다."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:987 builtin/worktree.c:240 builtin/worktree.c:389
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid reference: %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 레�런스: %s"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
+msgstr "레�런스가 트리가 아닙니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1055
+msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr "브랜치를 전환하는� 경로를 사용할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1058 builtin/checkout.c:1062
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr "'%s' 옵션� 브랜치를 전환할 때 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1066 builtin/checkout.c:1069 builtin/checkout.c:1074
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1077
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 옵션� '%s' 옵션과 같� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1082
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
+msgstr "브랜치를 커밋� 아닌 '%s'(으)로 전환할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1114 builtin/checkout.c:1116 builtin/clone.c:118
+#: builtin/remote.c:167 builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/worktree.c:433
+#: builtin/worktree.c:435
+msgid "branch"
+msgstr "브랜치"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1115
+msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
+msgstr "새 브랜치를 만들고 가져옵니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1117
+msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
+msgstr "브랜치를 만들거나 리셋하고 가져옵니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1118
+msgid "create reflog for new branch"
+msgstr "새 브랜치� 대한 reflog를 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1119 builtin/worktree.c:437
+msgid "detach HEAD at named commit"
+msgstr "HEAD를 해당 커밋�서 분리합니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1120
+msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
+msgstr "새 브랜치� 대한 업스트림 정보를 설정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
+msgid "new-branch"
+msgstr "새-브랜치"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
+msgid "new unparented branch"
+msgstr "�위 브랜치가 없는 새 브랜치"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1123
+msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
+msgstr "병합�지 않� 파�� 대해 우리쪽 버전� 가져옵니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
+msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
+msgstr "병합�지 않� 파�� 대해 �대편 버전� 가져옵니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1127
+msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
+msgstr "강제로 체�아웃합니다 (로컬�서 수정한 사항� 버립니다)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1129
+msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
+msgstr "새 브랜치� 대해 3-방향 병합� 수행합니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1131 builtin/merge.c:241
+msgid "update ignored files (default)"
+msgstr "무시하는 파�� 업��트합니다 (기본값)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1133 builtin/log.c:1499 parse-options.h:264
+msgid "style"
+msgstr "스타�"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1134
+msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
+msgstr "충� 스타� (merge �는 diff3)"
+
+# FIXME: �미 불명
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1137
+msgid "do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only"
+msgstr "경로명세를 드문 항목�만 제한하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1139
+msgid "second guess 'git checkout <no-such-branch>'"
+msgstr "'git checkout <없는-브랜치>'� 대해 추측합니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1141
+msgid "do not check if another worktree is holding the given ref"
+msgstr "다른 작업��� 주어진 레�런스가 있는지 확�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1145 builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/fetch.c:149
+#: builtin/merge.c:238 builtin/pull.c:128 builtin/push.c:572
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:174
+msgid "force progress reporting"
+msgstr "강제로 진행 �황� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1175
+msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-b, -B � --orphan 옵션� 서로 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1192
+msgid "--track needs a branch name"
+msgstr "--track 옵션� 브랜치 �름� 필요합니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1197
+msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
+msgstr "브랜치 �름� 없습니다. -b 옵션� 사용해 보십시오"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1233
+msgid "invalid path specification"
+msgstr "경로 명세가 잘못�었습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1240
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit and a branch '%s' cannot be created from it"
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) 커밋� 아니고 여기�서 '%s' 브랜치를 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1244
+#, c-format
+msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
+msgstr "git checkout: --detach 옵션� 경로 ��를 받지 않습니다 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1248
+msgid ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
+"checking out of the index."
+msgstr ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force � --merge 옵션� ��스�서\n"
+"가져올 경우�는 서로 호환�지 않습니다."
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:26
+msgid ""
+"git clean [-d] [-f] [-i] [-n] [-q] [-e <pattern>] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr ""
+"git clean [-d] [-f] [-i] [-n] [-q] [-e <패턴>] [-x | -X] [--] <경로>..."
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:30
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr "%s 제거\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:31
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would remove %s\n"
+msgstr "%s 제거할 예정\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:32
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping repository %s\n"
+msgstr "%s 저장소 건너뜀\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:33
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would skip repository %s\n"
+msgstr "%s 저장소 건너뛸 예정\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:34
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove %s"
+msgstr "%s 제거� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:302 git-add--interactive.perl:579
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Prompt help:\n"
+"1          - select a numbered item\n"
+"foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
+"           - (empty) select nothing\n"
+msgstr ""
+"프롬프트 �움�:\n"
+"1          - 해당 번호� 항목� 선�\n"
+"foo        - 유�한 접�어� 해당하는 항목 선�\n"
+"           - (빈 입력) 선�하지 않�\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:306 git-add--interactive.perl:588
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Prompt help:\n"
+"1          - select a single item\n"
+"3-5        - select a range of items\n"
+"2-3,6-9    - select multiple ranges\n"
+"foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
+"-...       - unselect specified items\n"
+"*          - choose all items\n"
+"           - (empty) finish selecting\n"
+msgstr ""
+"프롬프트 �움�:\n"
+"1          - 해당 번호� 항목� 선�\n"
+"3-5        - 해당 범위� 항목� 선�\n"
+"2-3,6-9    - 여러 개 범위를 선�\n"
+"foo        - 유�한 접�어� 해당하는 항목 선�\n"
+"-...       - 해당 항목 선� 해제\n"
+"*          - 모든 항목 선�\n"
+"           - (빈 입력) 선� 마침\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:522 git-add--interactive.perl:554
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:559
+#, c-format, perl-format
+msgid "Huh (%s)?\n"
+msgstr "어�� (%s)?\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:664
+#, c-format
+msgid "Input ignore patterns>> "
+msgstr "무시할 패턴� 입력하십시오>> "
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:701
+#, c-format
+msgid "WARNING: Cannot find items matched by: %s"
+msgstr "경고: 다�� 해당하는 항목� 찾� 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:722
+msgid "Select items to delete"
+msgstr "삭제할 항목� 선�하십시오"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to keep [y/N] as is
+#: builtin/clean.c:763
+#, c-format
+msgid "Remove %s [y/N]? "
+msgstr "%s 제거합니까 [y/N]? "
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:788 git-add--interactive.perl:1717
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bye.\n"
+msgstr "�.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:796
+msgid ""
+"clean               - start cleaning\n"
+"filter by pattern   - exclude items from deletion\n"
+"select by numbers   - select items to be deleted by numbers\n"
+"ask each            - confirm each deletion (like \"rm -i\")\n"
+"quit                - stop cleaning\n"
+"help                - this screen\n"
+"?                   - help for prompt selection"
+msgstr ""
+"clean               - 지우기 시작\n"
+"filter by pattern   - exclude items from deletion\n"
+"select by numbers   - 삭제할 항목� 번호로 선�\n"
+"ask each            - 삭제 항목� (\"rm -i\" 처럼) 하나하나 확�\n"
+"quit                - 지우기 중지\n"
+"help                - � 화면 표시\n"
+"?                   - 프롬프트 선� �움�"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:823 git-add--interactive.perl:1793
+msgid "*** Commands ***"
+msgstr "*** 명령 ***"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:824 git-add--interactive.perl:1790
+msgid "What now"
+msgstr "무엇� 할까요"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:832
+msgid "Would remove the following item:"
+msgid_plural "Would remove the following items:"
+msgstr[0] "다� 항목� 제거할 예정입니다:"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:848
+msgid "No more files to clean, exiting."
+msgstr "지울 파�� �제 없으므로 �냅니다."
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:910
+msgid "do not print names of files removed"
+msgstr "제거할 파� �름� 표시하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:912
+msgid "force"
+msgstr "강제"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:913
+msgid "interactive cleaning"
+msgstr "대화형 지우기"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:915
+msgid "remove whole directories"
+msgstr "전체 디렉터리 제거"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:916 builtin/describe.c:533 builtin/describe.c:535
+#: builtin/grep.c:871 builtin/log.c:157 builtin/log.c:159
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:548 builtin/name-rev.c:397 builtin/name-rev.c:399
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
+msgid "pattern"
+msgstr "패턴"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:917
+msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
+msgstr "규칙� 무시하려면 <패턴>� 추가하십시오"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:918
+msgid "remove ignored files, too"
+msgstr "무시한 파�� 제거"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:920
+msgid "remove only ignored files"
+msgstr "무시한 파�만 제거"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:938
+msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
+msgstr "-x � -X 옵션� 같� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:942
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce set to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; refusing to "
+"clean"
+msgstr ""
+"clean.requireForce가 true로 설정�었고 -i, -n, -f 옵션 중 하나� 쓰지 않았습"
+"니다. 지우지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:945
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; "
+"refusing to clean"
+msgstr ""
+"clean.requireForce 기본값� true�고 -i, -n, -f 옵션 중 하나� 쓰지 않았습니"
+"다. 지우지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:42
+msgid "git clone [<options>] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+msgstr "git clone [<옵션>] [--] <저장소> [<디렉터리>]"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:87
+msgid "don't create a checkout"
+msgstr "체�아웃� 만들지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/clone.c:90 builtin/init-db.c:479
+msgid "create a bare repository"
+msgstr "간략한 저장소를 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:92
+msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
+msgstr "미러 저장소를 만듭니다 (간략한 저장소로 취급)"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:94
+msgid "to clone from a local repository"
+msgstr "로컬 저장소�서 복제합니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:96
+msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
+msgstr "로컬 하드��를 사용하지 않고, 항� 복사합니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:98
+msgid "setup as shared repository"
+msgstr "공유 저장소로 설정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/clone.c:104
+msgid "pathspec"
+msgstr "경로명세"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/clone.c:104
+msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
+msgstr "복제한 결과물�서 하위 모듈� 초기화합니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:107
+msgid "number of submodules cloned in parallel"
+msgstr "병렬�으로 복제하는 하위모듈 개수"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:108 builtin/init-db.c:476
+msgid "template-directory"
+msgstr "서�-디렉터리"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:109 builtin/init-db.c:477
+msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
+msgstr "서�� 사용할 디렉터리 위치"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:111 builtin/clone.c:113 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1223
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1594
+msgid "reference repository"
+msgstr "레�런스 저장소"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:115 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1225
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1596
+msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
+msgstr "복제할 경우�만 --reference를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:116 builtin/column.c:27 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3166 builtin/repack.c:213
+msgid "name"
+msgstr "�름"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:117
+msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
+msgstr "업스트림 추�� 'origin' 대신 <�름>� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:119
+msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
+msgstr "리모트� HEAD 대신 <브랜치>를 가져옵니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:121
+msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
+msgstr "리모트� git-upload-pack 경로"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:122 builtin/fetch.c:150 builtin/grep.c:813
+#: builtin/pull.c:216
+msgid "depth"
+msgstr "깊�"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:123
+msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
+msgstr "지정한 깊�� 얕� 복제를 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:124 builtin/fetch.c:152 builtin/pack-objects.c:3157
+#: parse-options.h:154
+msgid "time"
+msgstr "시�"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:125
+msgid "create a shallow clone since a specific time"
+msgstr "지정한 시간 �후� 얕� 복제를 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:126 builtin/fetch.c:154
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "리비전"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:127 builtin/fetch.c:155
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone, excluding rev"
+msgstr "리비전� 제외해 얕� 복제� 커밋 내역� 깊게 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:129
+msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
+msgstr "하나� 브랜치만 복제합니다 (HEAD �는 --branch로 지정)"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:131
+msgid "don't clone any tags, and make later fetches not to follow them"
+msgstr "태그를 복제하지 않습니다. 나중� 가져올 때� 태그를 따르지 않습니다."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:133
+msgid "any cloned submodules will be shallow"
+msgstr "모든 복제한 하위 모듈� 얕� 모듈입니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:134 builtin/init-db.c:485
+msgid "gitdir"
+msgstr "gitdir"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:135 builtin/init-db.c:486
+msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
+msgstr "깃 디렉터리를 작업 ��와 별개� 위치� 놓습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:136
+msgid "key=value"
+msgstr "키=값"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:137
+msgid "set config inside the new repository"
+msgstr "새 저장소 안�서 설정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:138 builtin/fetch.c:173 builtin/pull.c:229
+#: builtin/push.c:583
+msgid "use IPv4 addresses only"
+msgstr "IPv4 주소만 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:140 builtin/fetch.c:175 builtin/pull.c:232
+#: builtin/push.c:585
+msgid "use IPv6 addresses only"
+msgstr "IPv6 주소만 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:278
+msgid ""
+"No directory name could be guessed.\n"
+"Please specify a directory on the command line"
+msgstr ""
+"디렉터리 �름� 알아낼 수 없습니다.\n"
+"명령행�서 디렉터리를 지정하십시오"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:331
+#, c-format
+msgid "info: Could not add alternate for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "정보: '%s'� 대한 보조 파�� 추가할 수 없습니다: %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:403
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 여는� 실패"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:411
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
+msgstr "'%s'�(가) 있지만 디렉터리가 아닙니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:425
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
+msgstr "'%s'� 대해 stat()� 실패했습니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:447
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' ��를 만드는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:451
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
+msgstr "파�� '%s'(으)로 복사하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:477
+#, c-format
+msgid "done.\n"
+msgstr "완료.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:491
+msgid ""
+"Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
+"You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
+"and retry the checkout with 'git checkout -f HEAD'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"복제가 성공했지만, 체�아웃� 실패했습니다.\n"
+"'git status' 명령으로 무엇� 체�아웃했는지 살펴볼 수 있고\n"
+"'git checkout -f HEAD'로 체�아웃� 다시 할 수 있습니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:568
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
+msgstr "복제할 리모트� %s 브랜치를 찾� 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:663
+msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
+msgstr "리모트�서 필요한 오브�트를 모� 보내지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:679
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to update %s"
+msgstr "%s�(를) 업��트할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:728
+msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
+msgstr "리모트 HEAD가 없는 레�런스를 참고하므로, 체�아웃할 수 없습니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:758
+msgid "unable to checkout working tree"
+msgstr "작업 ��를 체�아웃할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:803
+msgid "unable to write parameters to config file"
+msgstr "파�미터를 설정 파�� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:866
+msgid "cannot repack to clean up"
+msgstr "정리용으로 repack할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:868
+msgid "cannot unlink temporary alternates file"
+msgstr "보조 임시 파�� 삭제할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:907 builtin/receive-pack.c:1947
+msgid "Too many arguments."
+msgstr "너무 ��가 많습니다."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:911
+msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
+msgstr "복제할 저장소를 지정해야 합니다."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:924
+#, c-format
+msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
+msgstr "--bare � --origin %s 옵션� 호환�지 않습니다."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:927
+msgid "--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."
+msgstr "--bare � --separate-git-dir 옵션� 호환�지 않습니다."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:940
+#, c-format
+msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "'%s' 저장소가 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:946 builtin/fetch.c:1460
+#, c-format
+msgid "depth %s is not a positive number"
+msgstr "깊�가(%s) 0보다 � 수가 아닙니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
+msgstr "대� 경로가('%s') �미 있고 빈 디렉터리가 아닙니다."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:966
+#, c-format
+msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "작업 ��가('%s') �미 있습니다."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:981 builtin/clone.c:1002 builtin/difftool.c:270
+#: builtin/worktree.c:246 builtin/worktree.c:276
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 앞 디렉터리를 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:986
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'"
+msgstr "작업 ��를('%s') 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1006
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "간략한 저장소로('%s') 복제합니다...\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1008
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "'%s'� 복제합니다...\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1032
+msgid ""
+"clone --recursive is not compatible with both --reference and --reference-if-"
+"able"
+msgstr ""
+"clone --recursive 옵션� --reference � --reference-if-able 옵션� 같� 쓰는 "
+"것과 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1093
+msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--depth 옵션� 로컬 복제�서 무시�니다. 대신� 'file://'� 사용하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1095
+msgid "--shallow-since is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--shallow-since 옵션� 로컬 복제�서 무시�니다. 대신� 'file://'� 사용하십"
+"시오."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1097
+msgid "--shallow-exclude is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--shallow-exclude 옵션� 로컬 복제�서 무시�니다. 대신� 'file://'� 사용하"
+"십시오."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1099
+msgid "--filter is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--filter 옵션� 로컬 복제�서 무시�니다. 대신� 'file://'� 사용하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1102
+msgid "source repository is shallow, ignoring --local"
+msgstr "�본 저장소가 얕� 저장소�므로, --local 옵션� 무시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1107
+msgid "--local is ignored"
+msgstr "--local 옵션� 무시�니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1169 builtin/clone.c:1177
+#, c-format
+msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
+msgstr "리모트� %s 브랜치가 업스트림 %s� 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1180
+msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
+msgstr "빈 저장소를 복제한 것처럼 보입니다."
+
+#: builtin/column.c:10
+msgid "git column [<options>]"
+msgstr "git column [<옵션>]"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:27
+msgid "lookup config vars"
+msgstr "설정 변수를 찾아 봅니다"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:28 builtin/column.c:29
+msgid "layout to use"
+msgstr "사용할 배치"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:30
+msgid "Maximum width"
+msgstr "최대 너비"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:31
+msgid "Padding space on left border"
+msgstr "왼쪽 가장�리� 채울 공백"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:32
+msgid "Padding space on right border"
+msgstr "오른쪽 가장�리� 채울 공백"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:33
+msgid "Padding space between columns"
+msgstr "열 사�� 채울 공백"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:51
+msgid "--command must be the first argument"
+msgstr "--command는 첫 번째 ��여야 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:37
+msgid "git commit [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git commit [<옵션>] [--] <경로명세>..."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:42
+msgid "git status [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git status [<옵션>] [--] <경로명세>..."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:47
+msgid ""
+"You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
+"it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
+"remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
+msgstr ""
+"최초� 커밋� 바꾸려고 하지만, 그렇게 하면 커밋� 비어 있게 �니다.\n"
+"--allow-empty 옵션과 같� � 명령� 반복할 수� 있고, \"git reset HEAD\"\n"
+"명령으로 커밋� 완전히 제거할 수� 있습니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:52
+msgid ""
+"The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
+"If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�전 커맷 빼오기가 비어 있습니다. 아마� 충� 해결 과정�서 그렇게 ��\n"
+"것입니다. 그래� 커밋하려면 다�과 같� 하십시오:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:59
+msgid "Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
+msgstr "아니면 'git reset'� 사용하십시오\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:62
+msgid ""
+"If you wish to skip this commit, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git reset\n"
+"\n"
+"Then \"git cherry-pick --continue\" will resume cherry-picking\n"
+"the remaining commits.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"� 커밋� 건너뛰려면, 다�� 사용하십시오:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git reset\n"
+"\n"
+"그 다�� \"git cherry-pick --continue\"를 하면 나머지 커밋�\n"
+"대해 커밋 빼오기를 다시 시작합니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:293
+msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
+msgstr "HEAD 트리 오브�트� 묶�� 푸는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:334
+msgid "unable to create temporary index"
+msgstr "임시 ��스를 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:340
+msgid "interactive add failed"
+msgstr "대화형 추가가 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:353
+msgid "unable to update temporary index"
+msgstr "임시 ��스를 업��트할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:355
+msgid "Failed to update main cache tree"
+msgstr "주요 �시 트리를 업��트하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:380 builtin/commit.c:403 builtin/commit.c:449
+msgid "unable to write new_index file"
+msgstr "new_index 파�� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:432
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
+msgstr "병합하는 중 부분 커밋� 할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:434
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr "커밋 빼오기를 하는 중 부분 커밋� 할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:442
+msgid "cannot read the index"
+msgstr "��스를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:461
+msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
+msgstr "임시 ��스 파�� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:558
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit '%s' lacks author header"
+msgstr "'%s' 커밋� 작성� 헤�가 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:560
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit '%s' has malformed author line"
+msgstr "'%s' 커밋� 작성� 헤� 형�� 잘못�었습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:579
+msgid "malformed --author parameter"
+msgstr "--author 파�미터 형�� 잘못�었습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:631
+msgid ""
+"unable to select a comment character that is not used\n"
+"in the current commit message"
+msgstr ""
+"현재 커밋 메시지�서 사용�지 않는 주� 문�를\n"
+"선�할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:668 builtin/commit.c:701 builtin/commit.c:1029
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
+msgstr "%s 커밋� 찾아볼 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:680 builtin/shortlog.c:316
+#, c-format
+msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
+msgstr "(표준 입력�서 로그 메시지를 ��)\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:682
+msgid "could not read log from standard input"
+msgstr "표준 입력�서 로그 메시지를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:686
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 로그 파�� �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:715 builtin/commit.c:723
+msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "SQUASH_MSG를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:720
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "MERGE_MSG를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:774
+msgid "could not write commit template"
+msgstr "커밋 서�� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:792
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a merge.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"병합� 커밋하려는 것으로 보입니다.\n"
+"그렇지 않다면, 다� 파�� 지우고,\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"다시 시�하십시오.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:797
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a cherry-pick.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"커밋 빼오기를 커밋하려는 것으로 보입니다.\n"
+"그렇지 않다면, 다� 파�� 지우고,\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"다시 시�하십시오.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:810
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"변경 사항� 대한 커밋 메시지를 입력하십시오. '%c' 문�로 시작하는\n"
+"줄� 무시�고, 메시지를 입력하지 않으면 커밋� 중지�니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:818
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"변경 사항� 대한 커밋 메시지를 입력하십시오. '%c' 문�로 시작하는\n"
+"줄� 보존�니, 필요하면 �접 제거하십시오. 메시지를 입력하지\n"
+"않으면 커밋� 중지�니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:835
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sAuthor:    %.*s <%.*s>"
+msgstr "%s작성�:    %.*s <%.*s>"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:843
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sDate:      %s"
+msgstr "%s시�:      %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:850
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sCommitter: %.*s <%.*s>"
+msgstr "%s커미터: %.*s <%.*s>"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:867
+msgid "Cannot read index"
+msgstr "��스를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:933
+msgid "Error building trees"
+msgstr "트리를 만드는� 오류"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:947 builtin/tag.c:257
+#, c-format
+msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
+msgstr "메시지를 -m �는 -F 옵션으로 입력하십시오.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "--author '%s' is not 'Name <email>' and matches no existing author"
+msgstr ""
+"--author '%s' 옵션� '�름 <전�메�>' 형�� 아니고 기존 작성��� 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1005
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid ignored mode '%s'"
+msgstr "무시한 모드가 ('%s') 잘못�었습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1019 builtin/commit.c:1269
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
+msgstr "추��지 않는 파� 모드가 ('%s') 잘못�었습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1057
+msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
+msgstr "--long � -z 옵션� 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1090
+msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
+msgstr "--reset-author � --author 옵션� 모� 사용하면 앞뒤가 맞지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1099
+msgid "You have nothing to amend."
+msgstr "바꿀 사항� 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1102
+msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
+msgstr "병합 중� 있습니다 -- 커밋� 바꿀 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1104
+msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
+msgstr "커밋 빼오기 중� 있습니다 -- 커밋� 바꿀 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1107
+msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
+msgstr "--squash � --fixup 옵션� 같� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1117
+msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
+msgstr "-c/-C/-F/--fixup 옵션 중� 하나만 사용할 수 있습니다."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1119
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F."
+msgstr "-m 옵션� -c/-C/-F 옵션과 같� 쓸 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1127
+msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
+msgstr "--reset-author 옵션� -C, -c �는 --amend 옵션과 같� �야 합니다."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1144
+msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
+msgstr ""
+"--include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch 옵션 중 하나만 사용할 수 있습니"
+"다."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1146
+msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
+msgstr "경로가 없� --include/--only 옵션� 쓰면 앞뒤가 맞지 않습니다."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1160 builtin/tag.c:543
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 정리 모드 %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1165
+msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
+msgstr "-a 옵션과 경로를 같� 사용하면 앞뒤가 맞지 않습니다."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1303 builtin/commit.c:1480
+msgid "show status concisely"
+msgstr "�태를 간략하게 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1305 builtin/commit.c:1482
+msgid "show branch information"
+msgstr "브랜치 정보를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1307
+msgid "show stash information"
+msgstr "스태시 정보를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1309 builtin/commit.c:1484
+msgid "compute full ahead/behind values"
+msgstr "앞/뒤 값 전체를 계산합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1311
+msgid "version"
+msgstr "버전"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1311 builtin/commit.c:1486 builtin/push.c:558
+#: builtin/worktree.c:581
+msgid "machine-readable output"
+msgstr "컴퓨터가 �� 수 있는 형�"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1314 builtin/commit.c:1488
+msgid "show status in long format (default)"
+msgstr "긴 형�으로 �태를 표시합니다 (기본값)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1317 builtin/commit.c:1491
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
+msgstr "NUL 문�로 항목� �냅니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1319 builtin/commit.c:1323 builtin/commit.c:1494
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1001 builtin/fast-export.c:1004 builtin/tag.c:397
+msgid "mode"
+msgstr "모드"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1320 builtin/commit.c:1494
+msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
+msgstr ""
+"추��지 않는 파�� 표시합니다. 추가 옵션: all, normal, no (기본값: all)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1324
+msgid ""
+"show ignored files, optional modes: traditional, matching, no. (Default: "
+"traditional)"
+msgstr ""
+"무시� 파�� 표시합니다. 추가 옵션: traditional, matching, no. (기본값: "
+"traditional)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1326 parse-options.h:167
+msgid "when"
+msgstr "언제"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1327
+msgid ""
+"ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
+"(Default: all)"
+msgstr ""
+"하위 모듈� 변경� 무시합니다. 추가 옵션: all, dirty, untracked. (기본값: "
+"all)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1329
+msgid "list untracked files in columns"
+msgstr "추��지 않는 파�� 목�� 여러 열로 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1330
+msgid "do not detect renames"
+msgstr "�름 바꾸기를 검사하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1332
+msgid "detect renames, optionally set similarity index"
+msgstr "�름 바꾸기 검사하고, 부가�으로 유사성 ��스를 설정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1352
+msgid "Unsupported combination of ignored and untracked-files arguments"
+msgstr "무시한 모드와 추��지 않는 파�� �수가 지��지 않는 조합입니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1450
+msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
+msgstr "성공�� 커밋 후� 요약� 표시하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1451
+msgid "show diff in commit message template"
+msgstr "커밋 메시지 서�� diff를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1453
+msgid "Commit message options"
+msgstr "커밋 메시지 옵션"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1454 builtin/tag.c:394
+msgid "read message from file"
+msgstr "파��서 메시지를 �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
+msgid "author"
+msgstr "작성�"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
+msgid "override author for commit"
+msgstr "커밋� 작성�를 지정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456 builtin/gc.c:501
+msgid "date"
+msgstr "시�"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456
+msgid "override date for commit"
+msgstr "커밋� 시�� 지정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1457 builtin/merge.c:228 builtin/notes.c:402
+#: builtin/notes.c:565 builtin/tag.c:392
+msgid "message"
+msgstr "메시지"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1457
+msgid "commit message"
+msgstr "커밋 메시지"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1458 builtin/commit.c:1459 builtin/commit.c:1460
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461 parse-options.h:270 ref-filter.h:92
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "커밋"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1458
+msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
+msgstr "지정한 커밋� 메시지를 재사용하고 편집합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1459
+msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
+msgstr "지정한 커밋�서 메시지를 재사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1460
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
+msgstr "지정한 커밋� 수정하는� autosquash 형� 메시지를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
+msgstr "지정한 커밋� 합치는� autosquash 형� 메시지를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1462
+msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
+msgstr "커밋� 내가 작성한 것으로 만듭니다 (-C/-c/--amend와 같� 사용)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1463 builtin/log.c:1446 builtin/merge.c:242
+#: builtin/pull.c:154 builtin/revert.c:105
+msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
+msgstr "Signed-off-by: 줄� 추가합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1464
+msgid "use specified template file"
+msgstr "지정한 서� 파�� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1465
+msgid "force edit of commit"
+msgstr "커밋 편집� 강제합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466
+msgid "default"
+msgstr "기본값"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466 builtin/tag.c:398
+msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
+msgstr "메시지�서 공백과 #주�� 지�니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1467
+msgid "include status in commit message template"
+msgstr "커밋 메시지 서�� �태를 �함합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1469 builtin/merge.c:240 builtin/pull.c:184
+#: builtin/revert.c:113
+msgid "GPG sign commit"
+msgstr "GPG 서명 커밋"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1472
+msgid "Commit contents options"
+msgstr "커밋 내용 옵션"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1473
+msgid "commit all changed files"
+msgstr "변경� 파�� 모� 커밋합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1474
+msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
+msgstr "지정한 파�� 커밋할 ��스� 추가합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1475
+msgid "interactively add files"
+msgstr "대화형으로 파�� 추가합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1476
+msgid "interactively add changes"
+msgstr "대화형으로 변경 사항� 추가합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1477
+msgid "commit only specified files"
+msgstr "지정한 파�만 커밋합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1478
+msgid "bypass pre-commit and commit-msg hooks"
+msgstr "커밋 전 후�와 커밋 메시지 후�를 건너�니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1479
+msgid "show what would be committed"
+msgstr "무엇� 커밋할지 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1492
+msgid "amend previous commit"
+msgstr "바로 앞 커밋� 바꿉니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1493
+msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
+msgstr "다시쓰기 후 후�를 건너�니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1498
+msgid "ok to record an empty change"
+msgstr "빈 변경 사항� 기�하�� 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1500
+msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
+msgstr "빈 메시지와 같� 변경 사항� 기�하�� 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1573
+#, c-format
+msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
+msgstr "��� MERGE_HEAD 파� (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1580
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
+msgstr "MERGE_MODE를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1599
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
+msgstr "커밋 메시지를 �� 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1610
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
+msgstr "커밋� 중지합니다. 커밋 메시지가 비어 있습니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1615
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
+msgstr "커밋� 중지합니다. 메시지를 편집하지 않았습니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1650
+msgid ""
+"Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+"new_index file. Check that disk is not full and quota is\n"
+"not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
+msgstr ""
+"저장소를 업��트했습니다. 하지만 new_index 파�� 쓸 수\n"
+"없습니다. 디스�가 꽉 차지 않았고 제한 용량� 넘어가지\n"
+"않았는지 확�하십시오. 그리고 'git reset HEAD'로 복구하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:9
+msgid "git commit-graph [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+msgstr "git commit-graph [--object-dir <오브�트디렉터리>]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:10 builtin/commit-graph.c:16
+msgid "git commit-graph read [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+msgstr "git commit-graph read [--object-dir <오브�트디렉터리>]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:11 builtin/commit-graph.c:21
+msgid ""
+"git commit-graph write [--object-dir <objdir>] [--append] [--stdin-packs|--"
+"stdin-commits]"
+msgstr ""
+"git commit-graph write [--object-dir <오브�트디렉터리>] [--append] [--stdin-"
+"packs|--stdin-commits]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:39 builtin/commit-graph.c:92
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:147 builtin/fetch.c:161 builtin/log.c:1466
+msgid "dir"
+msgstr "디렉터리"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:40 builtin/commit-graph.c:93
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:148
+msgid "The object directory to store the graph"
+msgstr "그래프를 저장할 오브�트 디렉터리"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:95
+msgid "scan pack-indexes listed by stdin for commits"
+msgstr "커밋� 찾� 때 표준입력�서 열거한 묶� ��스를 검사합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:97
+msgid "start walk at commits listed by stdin"
+msgstr "표준 입력� 열거한 커밋�서부터 그리기를 시작합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:99
+msgid "include all commits already in the commit-graph file"
+msgstr "commit-graph 파�� �미 있는 모든 커밋� �함합니다"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:108
+msgid "cannot use both --stdin-commits and --stdin-packs"
+msgstr "--stdin-commits � --stdin-packs 옵션� 같� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:10
+msgid "git config [<options>]"
+msgstr "git config [<옵션>]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:101
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized --type argument, %s"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 --type ��: %s"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:123
+msgid "Config file location"
+msgstr "설정 파� 위치"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:124
+msgid "use global config file"
+msgstr "공통 설정 파�� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:125
+msgid "use system config file"
+msgstr "시스템 설정 파�� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:126
+msgid "use repository config file"
+msgstr "저장소 설정 파�� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:127
+msgid "use given config file"
+msgstr "지정한 설정 파�� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:128
+msgid "blob-id"
+msgstr "블롭-id"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:128
+msgid "read config from given blob object"
+msgstr "지정한 블롭 오브�트�서 설정� �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:129
+msgid "Action"
+msgstr "�작"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:130
+msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "값� 가져옵니다: <�름> [<값-정규�>]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:131
+msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
+msgstr "모든 값� 가져옵니다: <키> [<값-정규�>]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:132
+msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
+msgstr "정규�� 대한 값� 가져옵니다: <�름-정규�> [<값-정규�>]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:133
+msgid "get value specific for the URL: section[.var] URL"
+msgstr "<URL>� 특정�는 값� 가져옵니다: <섹션>[.<변수>] <URL>"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:134
+msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
+msgstr "해당하는 변수를 모� 제거합니다: <�름> <값> [<값-정규�>]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:135
+msgid "add a new variable: name value"
+msgstr "새 변수를 추가합니다: <�름> <값>"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:136
+msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "변수를 제거합니다: <�름> [<값-정규�>]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:137
+msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "해당하는 항목� 모� 제거합니다: <�름> [<값-정규�>]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:138
+msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
+msgstr "섹션� �름� 바꿉니다: <옛-�름> <새-�름>"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:139
+msgid "remove a section: name"
+msgstr "섹션� 제거합니다: <�름>"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:140
+msgid "list all"
+msgstr "전체 목�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:141
+msgid "open an editor"
+msgstr "편집기를 엽니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:142
+msgid "find the color configured: slot [default]"
+msgstr "설정한 색� 찾습니다: slot [<기본값>]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:143
+msgid "find the color setting: slot [stdout-is-tty]"
+msgstr "색 설정� 찾습니다: slot [<표준출력�-TTY�지-여부>]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:144
+msgid "Type"
+msgstr "값 종류"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:145
+msgid "value is given this type"
+msgstr "값� 해당 종류로 주어집니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:146
+msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
+msgstr "값� \"true\" �는 \"false\"입니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:147
+msgid "value is decimal number"
+msgstr "값� 십진수입니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:148
+msgid "value is --bool or --int"
+msgstr "값� --bool �는 --int입니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:149
+msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
+msgstr "값� 경로(파� �는 디렉터리 �름)입니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:150
+msgid "value is an expiry date"
+msgstr "값� 만료 시�입니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:151
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "기타"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:152
+msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
+msgstr "값� NUL 바�트로 �냅니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:153
+msgid "show variable names only"
+msgstr "변수 �름만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:154
+msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
+msgstr "찾아볼 때 include 지시어를 고려합니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:155
+msgid "show origin of config (file, standard input, blob, command line)"
+msgstr "설정� 출처를 표시합니다 (파�, 표준 입력, 블롭, 명령행)"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:156
+msgid "value"
+msgstr "ê°’"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:156
+msgid "with --get, use default value when missing entry"
+msgstr "--wget 옵션�서, 해당 항목� 없으면 기본값� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:332
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to format default config value: %s"
+msgstr "기본 설정 값� �매팅하는� 실패했습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:431
+msgid "unable to parse default color value"
+msgstr "기본 색 값� 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:575
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"# This is Git's per-user configuration file.\n"
+"[user]\n"
+"# Please adapt and uncomment the following lines:\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
+"#\temail = %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"# 깃� 사용�별 설정 파�입니다.\n"
+"[user]\n"
+"# 다� 줄� 알맞게 고치고 앞� 주�� 제거하십시오:\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
+"#\temail = %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:603
+msgid "--local can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr "--local 옵션� 깃 저장소 안�서만 쓸 수 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:606
+msgid "--blob can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr "--blob 옵션� 깃 저장소 안�서만 쓸 수 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:735
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot create configuration file %s"
+msgstr "%s 설정 파�� 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:748
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"cannot overwrite multiple values with a single value\n"
+"       Use a regexp, --add or --replace-all to change %s."
+msgstr ""
+"여러 개� 값� 하나� 값으로 �어쓸 수 없습니다.\n"
+"%s�(를) 변경하려면 정규�� 쓰거나, --add �는 --replace-all 옵션�\n"
+"사용하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:90
+msgid "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
+msgstr "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:100
+msgid "print sizes in human readable format"
+msgstr "사람� �기 좋� 형�으로 �기를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:22
+msgid "git describe [<options>] [<commit-ish>...]"
+msgstr "git describe [<옵션>] [<커밋-따위>...]"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:23
+msgid "git describe [<options>] --dirty"
+msgstr "git describe [<옵션>] --dirty"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "head"
+msgstr "head"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "lightweight"
+msgstr "lightweight"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "annotated"
+msgstr "annotated"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
+msgstr "주� 달린 %s 태그를 사용할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:271
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
+msgstr "주� 달린 %s 태그� 내장� �름� 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
+msgstr "'%s' 태그가 실제 여기 '%s'입니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:317
+#, c-format
+msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
+msgstr "어떤 태그� '%s'와(과) 정확히 �치하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:319
+#, c-format
+msgid "No exact match on refs or tags, searching to describe\n"
+msgstr "어떤 레�런스나 태그� 정확히 �치하지 않고, 설명� 검색합니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:366
+#, c-format
+msgid "finished search at %s\n"
+msgstr "%s�서 검색 마침\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:392
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
+msgstr ""
+"어떤 주� 달린 태그� '%s'�(를) 설명하지 않습니다.\n"
+"하지만 주� 달리지 않� 태그가 있습니다: --tags 옵션� 해 보십시오."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:396
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"Try --always, or create some tags."
+msgstr ""
+"어떤 태그� '%s'�(를) 설명할 수 없습니다.\n"
+"--always 옵션� � 보거나, 태그를 만들어 보십시오."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:426
+#, c-format
+msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
+msgstr "커밋 %lu개를 가로질렀습니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:429
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
+"gave up search at %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"태그를 %i개 넘게 찾았습니다. 가장 최근� %i개 목��\n"
+"표시합니다. %s 위치�서 검색� 중지합니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:497
+#, c-format
+msgid "describe %s\n"
+msgstr "%s 설명합니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:500 builtin/log.c:502
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr "올바른 오브�트 �름� 아닙니다 (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:508
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is neither a commit nor blob"
+msgstr "%s(�)는 커밋� 블롭� 아닙니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:522
+msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
+msgstr "커밋 다�� 오는 태그를 찾습니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:523
+msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
+msgstr "표준 오류�서 검색 전략� 디버깅합니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:524
+msgid "use any ref"
+msgstr "모든 레�런스를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:525
+msgid "use any tag, even unannotated"
+msgstr "모든 태그를, 주� 달리지 않� 태그까지 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:526
+msgid "always use long format"
+msgstr "항� 긴 형�� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:527
+msgid "only follow first parent"
+msgstr "첫 번째 �전 커밋만 따�갑니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:530
+msgid "only output exact matches"
+msgstr "정확히 �치하는 항목만 출력합니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:532
+msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
+msgstr "<n>개� 가장 최근� 태그만 고려합니다 (기본값: 10)"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:534
+msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "<패턴>과 �치하는 태그만 고려합니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:536
+msgid "do not consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "<패턴>과 �치하는 태그를 고려하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:538 builtin/name-rev.c:406
+msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
+msgstr "대안으로 요약한 커밋 오브�트를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:539 builtin/describe.c:542
+msgid "mark"
+msgstr "표시"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:540
+msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
+msgstr "변경� 작업 ��� <표시>를 뒤� 붙입니다 (기본값: \"-dirty\")"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:543
+msgid "append <mark> on broken working tree (default: \"-broken\")"
+msgstr "�가진 작업 ��� <표시>를 뒤� 붙입니다 (기본값: \"-broken\")"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:561
+msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
+msgstr "--long 옵션� --abbrev=0 옵션과 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:590
+msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
+msgstr "�름� 없습니다. 아무것� 설명할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:640
+msgid "--dirty is incompatible with commit-ishes"
+msgstr "--dirty 옵션� 커밋같� 항목과 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:642
+msgid "--broken is incompatible with commit-ishes"
+msgstr "--broken 옵션� 커밋같� 항목과 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
+msgstr "'%s': �반 파��나 심볼릭 ��가 아닙니다"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid option: %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 옵션: %s"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:356
+msgid "Not a git repository"
+msgstr "깃 저장소가 아닙니다"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:399
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
+msgstr "잘못� '%s' 오브�트가 주어졌습니다."
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:408
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
+msgstr "� 개보다 많� 블롭� 주어졌습니다: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:413
+#, c-format
+msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
+msgstr "처리하지 않� '%s' 오브�트가 주어졌습니다."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:29
+msgid "git difftool [<options>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git difftool [<옵션>] [<커밋> [<커밋>]] [--] [<경로>...]"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:259
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed: %d"
+msgstr "실패: %d"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink %s"
+msgstr "%s 심볼릭 ��를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink file %s"
+msgstr "%s 심볼릭 �� 파�� �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:311
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read object %s for symlink %s"
+msgstr "%2$s 심볼릭 ��� 대한 %1$s 오브�트를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:412
+msgid ""
+"combined diff formats('-c' and '--cc') are not supported in\n"
+"directory diff mode('-d' and '--dir-diff')."
+msgstr ""
+"컴바�드 diff 형�� ('-c' � '--cc') 디렉터리 diff 모드�서는\n"
+"('-d' � '--dir-diff') 지�하지 않습니다."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "both files modified: '%s' and '%s'."
+msgstr "� 파�� 수정�었습니다: '%s' � '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:634
+msgid "working tree file has been left."
+msgstr "작업 ��가 남겨져 있습니다."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:645
+#, c-format
+msgid "temporary files exist in '%s'."
+msgstr "임시 파�� '%s'� 있습니다."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:646
+msgid "you may want to cleanup or recover these."
+msgstr "� 파�� 지우거나 복구할 수 있습니다."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:695
+msgid "use `diff.guitool` instead of `diff.tool`"
+msgstr "`diff.tool` 대신 `diff.guitool`� 사용하십시오"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:697
+msgid "perform a full-directory diff"
+msgstr "전체 디렉터리 diff를 수행합니다"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:699
+msgid "do not prompt before launching a diff tool"
+msgstr "diff �구를 실행하기 전� 프롬프트를 표시하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:704
+msgid "use symlinks in dir-diff mode"
+msgstr "dir-diff 모드�서 심볼릭 ��를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:705
+msgid "<tool>"
+msgstr "<�구>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:706
+msgid "use the specified diff tool"
+msgstr "지정한 diff �구를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:708
+msgid "print a list of diff tools that may be used with `--tool`"
+msgstr "`--tool` 옵션�서 사용할 수 있는 diff �구 목�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:711
+msgid ""
+"make 'git-difftool' exit when an invoked diff tool returns a non - zero exit "
+"code"
+msgstr ""
+"실행한 diff �구가 0� 아닌 코드를 리턴하면 'git-difftool'� �나게 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:713
+msgid "<command>"
+msgstr "<명령>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:714
+msgid "specify a custom command for viewing diffs"
+msgstr "diff를 보는 명령어를 사용�가 지정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:738
+msgid "no <tool> given for --tool=<tool>"
+msgstr "--tool=<�구> 옵션� <�구>가 주어지지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:745
+msgid "no <cmd> given for --extcmd=<cmd>"
+msgstr "--extcmd=<명령> 옵션� <명령>� 주어지지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:27
+msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
+msgstr "git fast-export [rev-list-옵션]"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1000
+msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
+msgstr "오브�트 <n>개 뒤� 진행 �황� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1002
+msgid "select handling of signed tags"
+msgstr "서명한 태그� 처리 방�� 선�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1005
+msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
+msgstr "필터�한 오브�트� 대한 태그� 처리 방�� 선�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1008
+msgid "Dump marks to this file"
+msgstr "� 파�로 표시를 내보냅니다"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1010
+msgid "Import marks from this file"
+msgstr "� 파��서 표시를 가져옵니다"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1012
+msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
+msgstr "태그� 태그붙� 사람� 없� 때 가짜로 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1014
+msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
+msgstr "커밋 마다 전체 트리를 출력합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1016
+msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
+msgstr "스트림� �내는� 완료 기능� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1017
+msgid "Skip output of blob data"
+msgstr "블롭 ��터� 출력� 건너�니다"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1018
+msgid "refspec"
+msgstr "레�런스명세"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1019
+msgid "Apply refspec to exported refs"
+msgstr "레�런스명세를 내보낸 레�런스� �용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1020
+msgid "anonymize output"
+msgstr "출력� �명화합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:26
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git fetch [<옵션>] [<저장소> [<레�런스명세>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:27
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
+msgstr "git fetch [<옵션>] <그룹>"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:28
+msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
+msgstr "git fetch --multiple [<옵션>] [(<저장소> | <그룹>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:29
+msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
+msgstr "git fetch --all [<옵션>]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:123 builtin/pull.c:193
+msgid "fetch from all remotes"
+msgstr "모든 리모트�서 가져옵니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:125 builtin/pull.c:196
+msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
+msgstr "�어쓰지 �고 .git/FETCH_HEAD� �붙입니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:127 builtin/pull.c:199
+msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
+msgstr "리모트 쪽� 묶�� 업로드할 경로"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:128 builtin/pull.c:201
+msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
+msgstr "로컬 브랜치를 강제로 �어�니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:130
+msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
+msgstr "여러 리모트�서 가져옵니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:132 builtin/pull.c:203
+msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
+msgstr "모든 태그와 관련 오브�트를 가져옵니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:134
+msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
+msgstr "모든 태그를 가져오지 않습니다 (--no-tags)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:136
+msgid "number of submodules fetched in parallel"
+msgstr "병렬�으로 받아오는 하위모듈 개수"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:138 builtin/pull.c:206
+msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
+msgstr "리모트� �제 없는 리모트 추� 브랜치를 잘�냅니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:140
+msgid "prune local tags no longer on remote and clobber changed tags"
+msgstr "리모트 저장소� 없는 로컬 태그를 제거하고 변경� 태�를 �용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:141 builtin/fetch.c:164 builtin/pull.c:131
+msgid "on-demand"
+msgstr "주문형"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:142
+msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 재귀�으로 가져오기 방�� 설정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:146 builtin/pull.c:214
+msgid "keep downloaded pack"
+msgstr "다운로드한 묶�� 보존합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:148
+msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
+msgstr "HEAD 레�런스 업��트를 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:151 builtin/fetch.c:157 builtin/pull.c:217
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
+msgstr "얕� 복제� 커밋 내역� 깊게 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:153
+msgid "deepen history of shallow repository based on time"
+msgstr "얕� 복제� 커밋 내역� 시간� 기준으로 깊게 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:159 builtin/pull.c:220
+msgid "convert to a complete repository"
+msgstr "완전한 저장소로 전환합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:162
+msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 경로 출력� 앞� � 디렉터리를 붙입니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:165
+msgid ""
+"default for recursive fetching of submodules (lower priority than config "
+"files)"
+msgstr "하위 모듈� 재귀�으로 가져올 때 기본값 (설정 파�보다 낮� 우선 순위)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:169 builtin/pull.c:223
+msgid "accept refs that update .git/shallow"
+msgstr ".git/shallow를 업��트하는 레�런스를 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:170 builtin/pull.c:225
+msgid "refmap"
+msgstr "레�런스맵"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:171 builtin/pull.c:226
+msgid "specify fetch refmap"
+msgstr "레�런스맵 가져오기를 지정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/ls-remote.c:77 builtin/push.c:582
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:172
+msgid "server-specific"
+msgstr "서버-전용-옵션"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/ls-remote.c:77 builtin/push.c:582
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:173
+msgid "option to transmit"
+msgstr "전송할 옵션"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:442
+msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
+msgstr "리모트 레�런스 HEAD를 찾� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:560
+#, c-format
+msgid "configuration fetch.output contains invalid value %s"
+msgstr "fetch.output 설정� 잘못� 값� 있습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:653
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s not found"
+msgstr "%s 오브�트가 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:657
+msgid "[up to date]"
+msgstr "[최신 �태]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:670 builtin/fetch.c:750
+msgid "[rejected]"
+msgstr "[거부�]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:671
+msgid "can't fetch in current branch"
+msgstr "현재 브랜치�서 가져올 수 없�"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:680
+msgid "[tag update]"
+msgstr "[태그 업��트]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:681 builtin/fetch.c:714 builtin/fetch.c:730
+#: builtin/fetch.c:745
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr "로컬 레�런스를 업��트할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:700
+msgid "[new tag]"
+msgstr "[새로운 태그]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:703
+msgid "[new branch]"
+msgstr "[새로운 브랜치]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:706
+msgid "[new ref]"
+msgstr "[새로운 레�런스]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:745
+msgid "forced update"
+msgstr "강제 업��트"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:750
+msgid "non-fast-forward"
+msgstr "정방향 진행� 아님"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:795
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
+msgstr "%s�(가) 모든 필요한 오브�트를 보내지 않았습니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "reject %s because shallow roots are not allowed to be updated"
+msgstr "얕� 최�위� 업��트가 허용�지 않으므로 %s�(를) 거부합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:903 builtin/fetch.c:999
+#, c-format
+msgid "From %.*s\n"
+msgstr "%.*s URL�서\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:914
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
+" 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting branches"
+msgstr ""
+"업��트할 수 없는 로컬 레�런스가 있습니다. 과거 충� 브랜치를\n"
+" 제거하려면 'git remote prune %s' 명령� 실행해 보십시오"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:969
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
+msgstr "   (%s 레�런스가 연결� �어지게 �니다)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:970
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
+msgstr "   (%s 레�런스가 연결� �어졌습니다)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1002
+msgid "[deleted]"
+msgstr "[삭제�]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1003 builtin/remote.c:1033
+msgid "(none)"
+msgstr "(없�)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1026
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
+msgstr "간략한 저장소가 아닌 저장소� 현재 %s 브랜치로 가져오기를 거절합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1045
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
+msgstr "\"%s\" 옵션� \"%s\" 값� %s� 대해 올바르지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1048
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
+msgstr "\"%s\" 옵션� '%s'� 대해 무시�니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1287
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fetching %s\n"
+msgstr "%s�(를) 가져오는 중\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1289 builtin/remote.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not fetch %s"
+msgstr "%s�(를) 가져올 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1335 builtin/fetch.c:1503
+msgid ""
+"--filter can only be used with the remote configured in core.partialClone"
+msgstr ""
+"--filter 옵션� core.partialClone� 설정� 리모트 저장소�만 사용할 수 있습니"
+"다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1358
+msgid ""
+"No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
+"remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"리모트 저장소를 지정하지 않았습니다. 새 리비전� 가져올 수 있는\n"
+"URL�나 리모트 �름� 지정하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1395
+msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
+msgstr "태그 �름� 지정해야 합니다."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1444
+msgid "Negative depth in --deepen is not supported"
+msgstr "--deepen 옵션� �수 깊�는 지�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1446
+msgid "--deepen and --depth are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "--deepen, --depth 옵션 중 하나만 쓸 수 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1451
+msgid "--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"
+msgstr "--depth � --unshallow 옵션� 같� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1453
+msgid "--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+"완전한 저장소� 대해 --unshallow 옵션� 사용하는 건 앞뒤가 맞지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1469
+msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
+msgstr "fetch --all 명령� 저장소 ��가 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1471
+msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
+msgstr "fetch --all 명령� 레�런스명세 ��와 같� 쓰면 앞뒤가 맞지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1480
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
+msgstr "그런 리모트나 리모트 그룹� 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1487
+msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
+msgstr "그룹� 가져오고 레�런스명세를 지정하면 앞뒤가 맞지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <file>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <메시지>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <파�>]"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
+msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
+msgstr "shortlog�서 최대 <n>개 로그를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
+msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
+msgstr "--log와 �� (없어질 예정)"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:672
+msgid "text"
+msgstr "�스트"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:673
+msgid "use <text> as start of message"
+msgstr "<�스트>를 시작 메시지로 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:674
+msgid "file to read from"
+msgstr "�어들� 파�"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:10
+msgid "git for-each-ref [<options>] [<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [<옵션>] [<패턴>]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:11
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--points-at <object>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--points-at <오브�트>]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:12
+msgid "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<커밋>]]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:13
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--contains [<commit>]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--contains [<커밋>]] [--no-contains [<커밋>]]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:28
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
+msgstr "셸� �합하게 플레�스홀�를 �용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:30
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
+msgstr "펄� �합하게 플레�스홀�를 �용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:32
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
+msgstr "파��� �합하게 플레�스홀�를 �용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:34
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for Tcl"
+msgstr "티�� �합하게 플레�스홀�를 �용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:37
+msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
+msgstr "<n>개� 해당하는 레�런스만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:39 builtin/tag.c:421
+msgid "respect format colors"
+msgstr "�맷 색� 유지합니다"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:43
+msgid "print only refs which points at the given object"
+msgstr "주어진 오브�트를 가리키는 레�런스만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:45
+msgid "print only refs that are merged"
+msgstr "병합하는 레�런스만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:46
+msgid "print only refs that are not merged"
+msgstr "병합하지 않는 레�런스만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:47
+msgid "print only refs which contain the commit"
+msgstr "커밋� 들어 있는 레�런스만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:48
+msgid "print only refs which don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "커밋� 들어 있지 않� 레�런스만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:569
+msgid "Checking object directories"
+msgstr "오브�트 디렉터리를 확�하는 중입니다"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:661
+msgid "git fsck [<options>] [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git fsck [<옵션>] [<오브�트>...]"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:667
+msgid "show unreachable objects"
+msgstr "접근할 수 없는 오브�트를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:668
+msgid "show dangling objects"
+msgstr "연결� �어진 오브�트를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:669
+msgid "report tags"
+msgstr "태그를 알립니다"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:670
+msgid "report root nodes"
+msgstr "최�위 노드를 알립니다"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:671
+msgid "make index objects head nodes"
+msgstr "��스 오브�트 헤드 노드를 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:672
+msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
+msgstr "reflog 헤드 노드를 만듭니다 (기본값)"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:673
+msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
+msgstr "묶�과 보조 오브�트� 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:674
+msgid "check only connectivity"
+msgstr "연결만 확�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:675
+msgid "enable more strict checking"
+msgstr "� 엄격하게 확�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:677
+msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
+msgstr ".git/lost-found 안� 연결� �어진 오브�트를 �니다"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:678 builtin/prune.c:109
+msgid "show progress"
+msgstr "진행 �황� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:679
+msgid "show verbose names for reachable objects"
+msgstr "접근할 수 없는 오브�트� �름� �세히 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:745
+msgid "Checking objects"
+msgstr "오브�트를 확�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:33
+msgid "git gc [<options>]"
+msgstr "git gc [<옵션>]"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fstat %s: %s"
+msgstr "'%s'� fstat()하는� 실패했습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:452
+#, c-format
+msgid "Can't stat %s"
+msgstr "'%s'� stat()할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:461
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The last gc run reported the following. Please correct the root cause\n"
+"and remove %s.\n"
+"Automatic cleanup will not be performed until the file is removed.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"마지막 가비지컬렉터�서 다�� 알려왔습니다. ��� 바로잡�\n"
+"다� %s 파�� 제거하십시오.\n"
+"� 파�� 제거하기 전�는 �� 정리 작업� 수행하지 않습니다.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:502
+msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
+msgstr "레�런스하지 않는 오브�트를 잘�냅니다"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:504
+msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
+msgstr "� �세히 검사합니다 (실행 시간 늘어남)"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:505
+msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
+msgstr "�� 가비지컬렉터 모드를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:508
+msgid "force running gc even if there may be another gc running"
+msgstr "�미 가비지컬렉터가 실행 중���� 강제로 가비지컬렉터를 실행합니다"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:511
+msgid "repack all other packs except the largest pack"
+msgstr "가장 � 묶�� 제외한 다른 묶�� 다시 묶습니다"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:528
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to parse gc.logexpiry value %s"
+msgstr "gc.logexpiry 값� (%s) 파싱하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:539
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to parse prune expiry value %s"
+msgstr "만료값 %s 파싱하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:559
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto packing the repository in background for optimum performance.\n"
+msgstr "최� 성능� 위해 백그�운드�서 ��으로 저장소� 묶�� 만듭니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:561
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
+msgstr "최� 성능� 위해 ��으로 저장소� 묶�� 만듭니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:562
+#, c-format
+msgid "See \"git help gc\" for manual housekeeping.\n"
+msgstr "수� 관리 작업� \"git help gc\" 내용� 참고하십시오.\n"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:598
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"gc is already running on machine '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> (use --force if not)"
+msgstr ""
+"가비지컬렉터가 �미 '%s' 컴퓨터�서 %<PRIuMAX> PID로 실행 중입니다 (아니면 --"
+"force를 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:645
+msgid ""
+"There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
+msgstr ""
+"�슨한 오브�트가 너무 많습니다. 제거하려면 'git prune'� 실행하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:28
+msgid "git grep [<options>] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git grep [<옵션>] [-e] <패턴> [<리비전>...] [[--] <경로>...]"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:226
+#, c-format
+msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
+msgstr "grep: 스레드를 만드는� 실패했습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d) for %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 스레드 수를 %2$s� 대해 지정했습니다 (%1$d)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s is the configuration
+#. variable for tweaking threads, currently
+#. grep.threads
+#.
+#: builtin/grep.c:293 builtin/index-pack.c:1535 builtin/index-pack.c:1727
+#, c-format
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
+msgstr "스레드 기능� 없습니다. %s 무시"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:461 builtin/grep.c:582 builtin/grep.c:623
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
+msgstr "트리를 �� 수 없습니다 (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:638
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
+msgstr "종류가 %s� 오브�트�서 grep� 할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:703
+#, c-format
+msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
+msgstr "`%c' 옵션�는 숫� 값� 와야 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:790
+msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
+msgstr "작업 �� 대신� ��스�서 검색합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:792
+msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
+msgstr "깃으로 관리하지 않� 내용�서 찾습니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:794
+msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
+msgstr "추��는 파�과 추��지 않는 파� 모��서 검색합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:796
+msgid "ignore files specified via '.gitignore'"
+msgstr "'.gitignore'로 지정한 파�� 무시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:798
+msgid "recursively search in each submodule"
+msgstr "� 하위 모듈� 재귀�으로 검색합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:801
+msgid "show non-matching lines"
+msgstr "�치하지 않는 줄� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:803
+msgid "case insensitive matching"
+msgstr "대소문� 구별하지 않고 비�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:805
+msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
+msgstr "단어 경계 부분� 대해서만 패턴� 맞춥니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:807
+msgid "process binary files as text"
+msgstr "바�너리 파�� �스트로 처리합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:809
+msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
+msgstr "바�너리 파��서 패턴� 맞추지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:812
+msgid "process binary files with textconv filters"
+msgstr "textconv 필터를 사용해 바�너리 파�� 처리합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:814
+msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
+msgstr "최대 <깊�> 단계만� 내려갑니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:818
+msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
+msgstr "POSIX 확장 정규�� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:821
+msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
+msgstr "기본 POSIX 정규�� 사용합니다 (기본값)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:824
+msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
+msgstr "패턴� 고정 문�열로 해�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:827
+msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
+msgstr "펄과 호환�는 정규�� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:830
+msgid "show line numbers"
+msgstr "줄 번호를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:831
+msgid "don't show filenames"
+msgstr "파� �름� 표시하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:832
+msgid "show filenames"
+msgstr "파� �름� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:834
+msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
+msgstr "파� �름� 최�위 디렉터리 �대 경로로 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:836
+msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
+msgstr "�치하는 줄� 표시하지 않고 파� �름만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:838
+msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
+msgstr "--files-with-matches 옵션과 ��"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:841
+msgid "show only the names of files without match"
+msgstr "�치하지 않는 파�� �름만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:843
+msgid "print NUL after filenames"
+msgstr "파� �름 다�� NUL� 출력합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:846
+msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
+msgstr "�치하는 줄� 표시하지 않고 �치하는 수를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:847
+msgid "highlight matches"
+msgstr "�치하는 부분� 강조합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:849
+msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
+msgstr "다른 파� 사�� �치하는 부분� 사�� 빈 줄� 출력합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:851
+msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
+msgstr "같� 파��서 여러 개가 �치하면 파� �름� 한 번만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:854
+msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
+msgstr "�치하는 부분 앞뒤� 컨�스트를 <n>줄 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:857
+msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
+msgstr "�치하는 부분 앞� 컨�스트를 <n>줄 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:859
+msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
+msgstr "�치하는 부분 뒤� 컨�스트를 <n>줄 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:861
+msgid "use <n> worker threads"
+msgstr "<n>개� 작업 스레드를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:862
+msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
+msgstr "-C NUM 옵션� 줄임"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:865
+msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
+msgstr "�치 항목 앞� 함수 �름 줄� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:867
+msgid "show the surrounding function"
+msgstr "들어 있는 함수를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:870
+msgid "read patterns from file"
+msgstr "파��서 패턴� �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:872
+msgid "match <pattern>"
+msgstr "<패턴>과 �치"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:874
+msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
+msgstr "-e 옵션으로 지정한 패턴� 결합합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:886
+msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
+msgstr "출력하지 않고 �치하는 항목� exit() �태 번호로 리턴합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:888
+msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
+msgstr "모든 패턴과 �치하는 파�� �치하는 부분만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:890
+msgid "show parse tree for grep expression"
+msgstr "grep 표현�� 대한 파싱 트리를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
+msgid "pager"
+msgstr "페�저"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
+msgid "show matching files in the pager"
+msgstr "�치하는 파�� 페�저 프로그램�서 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:898
+msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
+msgstr "grep(1) 실행� 허용합니다 (� 빌드�서는 무시)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:962
+msgid "no pattern given."
+msgstr "패턴� 지정하지 않았습니다."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:994
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs"
+msgstr "--no-index �는 --untracked 옵션� 리비전과 같� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to resolve revision: %s"
+msgstr "리비전� 찾아낼 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1036 builtin/index-pack.c:1531
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
+msgstr "잘못� 스레드 수를 지정했습니다 (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1041
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring --threads"
+msgstr "스레드 기능� 없습니다. --threads 옵션 무시"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1065
+msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
+msgstr "--open-files-in-pager 옵션� 작업 ���서만 �작합니다"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1088
+msgid "option not supported with --recurse-submodules."
+msgstr "--recurse-submodules와 같� 지�하지 않는 옵션입니다."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1094
+msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
+msgstr ""
+"--cached �는 --untracked 옵션� --no-index 옵션과 같� 쓸 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1100
+msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
+msgstr "--[no-]exclude-standard 옵션� 추��는 내용� 대해 쓸 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1108
+msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
+msgstr "--cached 옵션과 트리를 모� 지정했습니다."
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
+msgid ""
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"[--] <file>..."
+msgstr ""
+"git hash-object [-t <종류>] [-w] [--path=<파�> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"[--] <파�>..."
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:84
+msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
+msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
+msgid "type"
+msgstr "종류"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
+msgid "object type"
+msgstr "오브�트 종류"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
+msgid "write the object into the object database"
+msgstr "오브�트를 오브�트 ��터베�스로 �니다"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
+msgid "read the object from stdin"
+msgstr "표준 입력�서 오브�트를 �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
+msgid "store file as is without filters"
+msgstr "파�� 필터 없� 그대로 저장합니다"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:102
+msgid ""
+"just hash any random garbage to create corrupt objects for debugging Git"
+msgstr "임�� 쓰레기 ��터를 해시해 ��� 오브�트를 만듭니다 (디버깅용)"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103
+msgid "process file as it were from this path"
+msgstr "파�� � 경로�서 온 것처럼 처리합니다"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:45
+msgid "print all available commands"
+msgstr "사용 가능한 모든 명령� 목�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:46
+msgid "exclude guides"
+msgstr "설명서 제외"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:47
+msgid "print list of useful guides"
+msgstr "유용한 안내서 목�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:48
+msgid "show man page"
+msgstr "맨 페�지를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:49
+msgid "show manual in web browser"
+msgstr "웹 브�우저�서 설명서를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:51
+msgid "show info page"
+msgstr "�� 페�지를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:53
+msgid "print command description"
+msgstr "명령어 설명� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:58
+msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<command>]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<명령>]"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:70
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' �움� �맷� ��할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:97
+msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
+msgstr "emacsclient 시작� 실패했습니다."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:110
+msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
+msgstr "emacsclient 버전 파싱� 실패했습니다."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
+msgstr "emacsclient '%d' 버전� 너무 과거 (< 22) 버전입니다."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:136 builtin/help.c:158 builtin/help.c:168 builtin/help.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to exec '%s'"
+msgstr "실행 실패: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:214
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s': 지�하지 않는 맨 페�지 보기 프로그램 경로.\n"
+"대신� 'man.<�구>.cmd' 옵션� 사용해 보십시오."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:226
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s': 지�하지 않는 맨 페�지 보기 프로그램 명령.\n"
+"대신� 'man.<�구>.path' 옵션� 사용해 보십시오."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
+msgstr "'%s': 알 수 없는 맨 페�지 보기 프로그램."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:360
+msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
+msgstr "요청� 처리한 맨 페�지 보기 프로그램� 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:368
+msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
+msgstr "요청� 처리한 �� 페�지 보기 프로그램� 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:415
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is aliased to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 명령� '%s' 명령� 단축입니다"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:442 builtin/help.c:459
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s%s"
+msgstr "사용법: %s%s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open %s"
+msgstr "%s�(를) 열 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
+msgstr "오브�트 종류가 맞지 않습니다 (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:228
+#, c-format
+msgid "did not receive expected object %s"
+msgstr "예�한 %s 오브�트를 받지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:231
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s: expected type %s, found %s"
+msgstr "%s 오브�트: 예�한 종류 %s, 실제 %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
+msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
+msgstr[0] "%d 바�트를 채울 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:283
+msgid "early EOF"
+msgstr "너무 빨리 파�� �남"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:284
+msgid "read error on input"
+msgstr "입력� �기 오류"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:296
+msgid "used more bytes than were available"
+msgstr "있는 바�트보다 � 많� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:303
+msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
+msgstr "현재 정�� off_t� 비해 묶�� 너무 �니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:306 builtin/unpack-objects.c:93
+msgid "pack exceeds maximum allowed size"
+msgstr "묶� �기가 최대 허용 �기를 넘었습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:321
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:327
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 묶� 파�� 열 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:341
+msgid "pack signature mismatch"
+msgstr "묶� 서명� 맞지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
+msgstr "묶�� %<PRIu32> 버전� 지�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
+msgstr "묶�� %<PRIuMAX> 오프셋� 잘못� 오브�트가 있습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:482
+#, c-format
+msgid "inflate returned %d"
+msgstr "inflate가 %d번� 리턴했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:531
+msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
+msgstr "�타 베�스 오브�트� 대해 오프셋 값� 오버플로우"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:539
+msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
+msgstr "�타 베�스 오프셋� 범위를 벗어났습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:547
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown object type %d"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 오브�트 종류 %d번"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:578
+msgid "cannot pread pack file"
+msgstr "묶� 파�� 대해 pread를 할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:580
+#, c-format
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] "묶� 파�� 너무 �� �남. %<PRIuMAX> 바�트 부족"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:606
+msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
+msgstr "심�한 inflate 부조화"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:751 builtin/index-pack.c:757 builtin/index-pack.c:780
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:819 builtin/index-pack.c:828
+#, c-format
+msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
+msgstr "SHA1 충�� %s�서 발견�었습니다!"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:754 builtin/pack-objects.c:198
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:292
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read %s"
+msgstr "%s�(를) �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:817
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object info %s"
+msgstr "기존 %s 오브�트 정보를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:825
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
+msgstr "기존 %s 오브�트를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:839
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid blob object %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 블롭 오브�트 %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:842 builtin/index-pack.c:860
+msgid "fsck error in packed object"
+msgstr "묶� 오브�트�서 fsck 오류"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:857
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid %s"
+msgstr "잘못� %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:862
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
+msgstr "%s� 모든 하위 오브�트� 접근할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:934 builtin/index-pack.c:965
+msgid "failed to apply delta"
+msgstr "�타를 �용하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1135
+msgid "Receiving objects"
+msgstr "오브�트를 받는 중"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1135
+msgid "Indexing objects"
+msgstr "오브�트 ��스를 만드는 중"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1169
+msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
+msgstr "묶�� ���었습니다 (SHA1 �치하지 않�)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1174
+msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
+msgstr "묶� 파�� 대해 fstat()할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1177
+msgid "pack has junk at the end"
+msgstr "묶�� �� 쓰레기 ��터가 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1189
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
+msgstr "parse_pack_objects()�서 극심한 혼란"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1212
+msgid "Resolving deltas"
+msgstr "�타를 알아내는 중"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1223
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
+msgstr "스레드를 만들 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1265
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
+msgstr "극심한 혼란"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid "completed with %d local object"
+msgid_plural "completed with %d local objects"
+msgstr[0] "로컬 오브�트 %d개 마침"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1283
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
+msgstr "%s� 대해 예�치 못한 테� 체�섬 (디스� ��?)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
+msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
+msgstr[0] "묶�� 알아내지 못한 �타 %d개가 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1311
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
+msgstr "추가한 오브�트를 deflate할 수 없습니다 (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1388
+#, c-format
+msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
+msgstr "%s 로컬 오브�트가 ���었습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1402
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr "'%s' 묶�파� �름� '.pack'으로 �나지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1427
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "%s 파�� 쓸 수 없습니다 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1435
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot close written %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "쓴 %s파�� 닫� 수 없습니다 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1459
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
+msgstr "묶� 파�� 닫는� 오류"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1473
+msgid "cannot store pack file"
+msgstr "묶� 파�� 저장할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1481
+msgid "cannot store index file"
+msgstr "��스 파�� 저장할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1525
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
+msgstr "잘못� pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1594
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
+msgstr "기존 '%s' 묶� 파�� 열 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1596
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 대한 기존 묶� idx 파�� 열 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1644
+#, c-format
+msgid "non delta: %d object"
+msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
+msgstr[0] "�타 아님: 오브�트 %d개"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1651
+#, c-format
+msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
+msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
+msgstr[0] "체� 길� = %d: 오브�트 %lu개"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1688
+msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr "현재 디렉터리로 �아올 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1739 builtin/index-pack.c:1742
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1758 builtin/index-pack.c:1762
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad %s"
+msgstr "잘못� %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1778
+msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
+msgstr "--fix-thin 옵션� --stdin 옵션과 같� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1780
+msgid "--stdin requires a git repository"
+msgstr "--stdin 옵션� 깃 저장소가 필요합니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1786
+msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
+msgstr "--verify 옵션� 묶�파� �름� 지정하지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1836 builtin/unpack-objects.c:578
+msgid "fsck error in pack objects"
+msgstr "묶� 오브�트�서 fsck 오류"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:55
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) stat()할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 서�� stat()할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:66
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) opendir()할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) readlink()할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:79
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) '%s'� symlink()할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:85
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) '%s'� 복사할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:89
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring template %s"
+msgstr "%s 서�� 무시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:120
+#, c-format
+msgid "templates not found in %s"
+msgstr "%s� 서�� 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "not copying templates from '%s': %s"
+msgstr "'%s'�서 서�� 복사하지 않습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr "파� 종류 %d번� 처리할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:331
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr "%s�(를) %s(으)로 옮길 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:348 builtin/init-db.c:351
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s already exists"
+msgstr "%s 파�� �미 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:404
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "%s%s 안� 기존 공유 깃 저장소를 다시 초기화했습니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:405
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "%s%s 안� 기존 깃 저장소를 다시 초기화했습니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:409
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "%s%s 안� 빈 공유 깃 저장소를 다시 초기화했습니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:410
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "%s%s 안� 빈 깃 저장소를 다시 초기화했습니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:458
+msgid ""
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--"
+"shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<서�-디렉터리>] [--shared[=<권"
+"한>]] [<디렉터리>]"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:481
+msgid "permissions"
+msgstr "권한"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:482
+msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
+msgstr "깃 저장소를 다른 사용�가 공유할 수 있게 지정"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:525
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
+msgstr "%s� 대해 chdir를 할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:546
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
+"dir=<directory>)"
+msgstr ""
+"%s (�는 --work-tree=<디렉터리>) 허용�지 않�. %s (�는 --git-"
+"dir=<directory>) 지정� 없으면"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:574
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
+msgstr "작업 �� '%s'� 접근할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"<token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [<file>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <토�>[(=|:)<"
+"값>])...] [<파�>...]"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:92
+msgid "edit files in place"
+msgstr "파�� �접 편집합니다"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:93
+msgid "trim empty trailers"
+msgstr "빈 트레�러를 잘�냅니다"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:96
+msgid "where to place the new trailer"
+msgstr "새 트레�러를 놓� 위치"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:98
+msgid "action if trailer already exists"
+msgstr "트레�러가 �미 있� 때 �작"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:100
+msgid "action if trailer is missing"
+msgstr "트레�러가 없� 때 �작"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:102
+msgid "output only the trailers"
+msgstr "트레�러만 출력합니다"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:103
+msgid "do not apply config rules"
+msgstr "설정 규칙� �용하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:104
+msgid "join whitespace-continued values"
+msgstr "공백으로 계�� 값� 연결합니다"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:105
+msgid "set parsing options"
+msgstr "파싱 옵션 설정"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:107
+msgid "trailer"
+msgstr "트레�러"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:108
+msgid "trailer(s) to add"
+msgstr "추가할 트레�러"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:117
+msgid "--trailer with --only-input does not make sense"
+msgstr "--trailer 옵션과 --only-input 옵션� 앞뒤가 맞지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:127
+msgid "no input file given for in-place editing"
+msgstr "파� �접 편집� 입력 파�� 지정하지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:48
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git log [<옵션>] [<리비전-범위>] [[--] <경로>...]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:49
+msgid "git show [<options>] <object>..."
+msgstr "git show [<옵션>] <오브�트>..."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:93
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid --decorate option: %s"
+msgstr "잘못� --decorate 옵션: %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:153
+msgid "suppress diff output"
+msgstr "diff를 출력하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:154
+msgid "show source"
+msgstr "소스를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:155
+msgid "Use mail map file"
+msgstr "메� 맵 파�� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:157
+msgid "only decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "<패턴>과 �치하는 레�런스만 꾸밉니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:159
+msgid "do not decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "<패턴>과 �치하는 레�런스를 꾸미지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:160
+msgid "decorate options"
+msgstr "꾸미기 옵션"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:163
+msgid "Process line range n,m in file, counting from 1"
+msgstr "파��서 n,m 범위� 줄� 처리합니다 (1부터 시작)"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:259
+#, c-format
+msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
+msgstr "최종 출력: %d %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:510
+#, c-format
+msgid "git show %s: bad file"
+msgstr "git show %s: 잘못� 파�"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:525 builtin/log.c:619
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read object %s"
+msgstr "%s 오브�트를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:643
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown type: %d"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 종류: %d"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:764
+msgid "format.headers without value"
+msgstr "format.headers 설정� 값� 없�"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:865
+msgid "name of output directory is too long"
+msgstr "출력 디렉터리� �름� 너무 �니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:881
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
+msgstr "%s 패치 파�� 열 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:898
+msgid "Need exactly one range."
+msgstr "정확히 하나� 범위가 필요합니다."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:908
+msgid "Not a range."
+msgstr "범위가 아닙니다."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1014
+msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
+msgstr "커버레터는 전�메� 형��어야 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1095
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
+msgstr "정신나간 in-reply-to 헤�: %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1122
+msgid "git format-patch [<options>] [<since> | <revision-range>]"
+msgstr "git format-patch [<옵션>] [<시작시�> | <리비전-범위>]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1172
+msgid "Two output directories?"
+msgstr "출력 디렉터리가 �개?"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1279 builtin/log.c:1932 builtin/log.c:1934 builtin/log.c:1946
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 커밋 %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1289 builtin/notes.c:887 builtin/tag.c:523
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 올바른 레�런스로 알아내는� 실패했습니다."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1294
+msgid "Could not find exact merge base."
+msgstr "정확한 병합 기준�� 찾� 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1298
+msgid ""
+"Failed to get upstream, if you want to record base commit automatically,\n"
+"please use git branch --set-upstream-to to track a remote branch.\n"
+"Or you could specify base commit by --base=<base-commit-id> manually."
+msgstr ""
+"업스트림� 가져오는� 실패했습니다. 베�스 커밋� ��으로 기�하려면,\n"
+"'git branch --set-upstream-to' 명령으로 �격 브랜치를 추�하십시오.\n"
+"아니면 �접 '--base=<기준�-커밋-ID>' 옵션으로 기준� 커밋� 지정할\n"
+"수� 있습니다."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1318
+msgid "Failed to find exact merge base"
+msgstr "정확한 병합 기준�� 찾는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1329
+msgid "base commit should be the ancestor of revision list"
+msgstr "기준� 커밋� 리비전 목�� �위 커밋�어야 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1333
+msgid "base commit shouldn't be in revision list"
+msgstr "기준� 커밋� 리비전 목�� 들어 있으면 안 �니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1382
+msgid "cannot get patch id"
+msgstr "패치 ID를 알아낼 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1441
+msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
+msgstr "하나� 패치� 대해서� [PATCh n/m]� 붙입니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1444
+msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
+msgstr "여러 개 패치� 대해서� [PATCH]를 붙입니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1448
+msgid "print patches to standard out"
+msgstr "패치를 표준 출력으로 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1450
+msgid "generate a cover letter"
+msgstr "커버레터를 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1452
+msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
+msgstr "출력 파� �름� 간단한 �련 번호를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1453
+msgid "sfx"
+msgstr "확장�"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1454
+msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
+msgstr "'.patch' 대신 <확장�>를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1456
+msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
+msgstr "패치 번호를 1 대신 <n>�서 시작합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1458
+msgid "mark the series as Nth re-roll"
+msgstr "시리즈를 N번째 re-roll로 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1460
+msgid "Use [RFC PATCH] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "[PATCH] 대신 [RFC PATCH]를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1463
+msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "[PATCH] 대신 [<접�어>]를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1466
+msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
+msgstr "결과 파�� <디렉터리>� 저장합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1469
+msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
+msgstr "[PATCH]를 �르거나 추가하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1472
+msgid "don't output binary diffs"
+msgstr "바�너리 diff를 만들지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1474
+msgid "output all-zero hash in From header"
+msgstr "From 헤��서 모� 0� 해시를 출력합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1476
+msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
+msgstr "업스트림� 있는 패치를 �함하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1478
+msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
+msgstr "기본값 (패치 + 통계) 대신 패치 형�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1480
+msgid "Messaging"
+msgstr "메시징"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1481
+msgid "header"
+msgstr "헤�"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1482
+msgid "add email header"
+msgstr "전�메� 헤�"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1483 builtin/log.c:1485
+msgid "email"
+msgstr "전�메�"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1483
+msgid "add To: header"
+msgstr "To: 헤�를 추가합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1485
+msgid "add Cc: header"
+msgstr "Cc: 헤�를 추가합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1487
+msgid "ident"
+msgstr "신�"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1488
+msgid "set From address to <ident> (or committer ident if absent)"
+msgstr "<신�>�서 From 주소를 설정합니다 (없으면 커미터 주소 신� 사용)"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1490
+msgid "message-id"
+msgstr "메시지-ID"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1491
+msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
+msgstr "첫 메�� <메시지-ID>� 대한 답장 메�로 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1492 builtin/log.c:1495
+msgid "boundary"
+msgstr "경계"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1493
+msgid "attach the patch"
+msgstr "패치를 첨부합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1496
+msgid "inline the patch"
+msgstr "패치를 본문� �함합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1500
+msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
+msgstr "메시지� 스레드를 사용, 스타�: shallow, deep"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1502
+msgid "signature"
+msgstr "서명"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1503
+msgid "add a signature"
+msgstr "서명� 추가합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1504
+msgid "base-commit"
+msgstr "베�스-커밋"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1505
+msgid "add prerequisite tree info to the patch series"
+msgstr "전제조건 트리 정보를 패치 시리즈� 추가합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1507
+msgid "add a signature from a file"
+msgstr "파��서 서명� 추가합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1508
+msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
+msgstr "패치 파� �름� 표시하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1510
+msgid "show progress while generating patches"
+msgstr "패치를 만드는 �안 진행률� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1585
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid ident line: %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 신� 줄: %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1600
+msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "-n � -k 옵션� 하나만 �야 합니다."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1602
+msgid "--subject-prefix/--rfc and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "--subject-prefix/--rfc � -k 옵션� 하나만 �야 합니다."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1610
+msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
+msgstr "--name-only 옵션� 앞뒤가 맞지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1612
+msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
+msgstr "--name-status 옵션� 앞뒤가 맞지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1614
+msgid "--check does not make sense"
+msgstr "--check 옵션� 앞뒤가 맞지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1646
+msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
+msgstr "표준 출력�나 디렉터리 중� 하나만 지정해야 합니다."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1648
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 디렉터리를 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1741
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read signature file '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 서명 파�� �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1773
+msgid "Generating patches"
+msgstr "패치 �성"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1817
+msgid "Failed to create output files"
+msgstr "출력 파�� 만드는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1867
+msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
+msgstr "git cherry [-v] [<업스트림> [<헤드> [<한계값>]]]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1921
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"추��는 리모트 브랜치를 찾� 수 없습니다. <업스트림>� 수�으로 지정하십시"
+"오.\n"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+msgid "git ls-files [<options>] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-files [<옵션>] [<파�>...]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:517
+msgid "identify the file status with tags"
+msgstr "파� �태를 태그와 같� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:519
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
+msgstr "'변경�지 않았다고 가정' 파�� 소문�를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:521
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'fsmonitor clean' files"
+msgstr "'파� 시스템 모니터� 변경�지 않�' 파�� 소문�를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:523
+msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
+msgstr "출력� �시� 파�� 표시합니다 (기본값)"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:525
+msgid "show deleted files in the output"
+msgstr "출력� 삭제� 파�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:527
+msgid "show modified files in the output"
+msgstr "출력� 수정� 파�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:529
+msgid "show other files in the output"
+msgstr "출력� 기타 파�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:531
+msgid "show ignored files in the output"
+msgstr "출력� 무시� 파�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:534
+msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
+msgstr "출력� 커밋 표시� 내용� 오브�트 �름� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:536
+msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
+msgstr "파� 시스템�서 제거해야 하는 파�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:538
+msgid "show 'other' directories' names only"
+msgstr "기타 디렉터리� �름만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:540
+msgid "show line endings of files"
+msgstr "파�� 줄 �� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:542
+msgid "don't show empty directories"
+msgstr "빈 디렉터리 표시하지 않기"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:545
+msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
+msgstr "출력� 병합하지 않� 파�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:547
+msgid "show resolve-undo information"
+msgstr "resolve-undo 정보를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:549
+msgid "skip files matching pattern"
+msgstr "패턴� �치하는 파�� 건너�니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:552
+msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
+msgstr "제외할 패턴� <파�>�서 �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:555
+msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
+msgstr "<파�>�서 추가�� 디렉터리별 제외 패턴� �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:557
+msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
+msgstr "표준 깃 제외 패턴� 추가합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:560
+msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
+msgstr "최�위 디렉터리 �대 경로로 출력합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:563
+msgid "recurse through submodules"
+msgstr "하위 모듈� 재귀�으로 �용"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:565
+msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
+msgstr "<파�>� ��스 안� 없으면 오류로 취급합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:566
+msgid "tree-ish"
+msgstr "트리-따위"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:567
+msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
+msgstr "<트리-따위> 뒤로 제거한 경로가 있다고 가정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:569
+msgid "show debugging data"
+msgstr "디버깅 ��터를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:9
+msgid ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<repository> [<refs>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<실행>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<저장소> [<레�런스>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:59
+msgid "do not print remote URL"
+msgstr "�격 URL� 표시하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:60 builtin/ls-remote.c:62
+msgid "exec"
+msgstr "실행"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:61 builtin/ls-remote.c:63
+msgid "path of git-upload-pack on the remote host"
+msgstr "�격 호스트� git-upload-pack 경로"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:65
+msgid "limit to tags"
+msgstr "태그� 한정"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:66
+msgid "limit to heads"
+msgstr "헤드� 한정"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:67
+msgid "do not show peeled tags"
+msgstr "벗겨진 태그를 표시하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:69
+msgid "take url.<base>.insteadOf into account"
+msgstr "url.<베�스>.insteadOf 설정� 고려합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:73
+msgid "exit with exit code 2 if no matching refs are found"
+msgstr "해당하는 레�런스가 없으면 코드 2번으로 �냅니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:76
+msgid "show underlying ref in addition to the object pointed by it"
+msgstr "레�런스와 레�런스가 가리키는 오브�트를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:29
+msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-tree [<옵션>] <트리-따위> [<경로>...]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:127
+msgid "only show trees"
+msgstr "트리만 표시"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:129
+msgid "recurse into subtrees"
+msgstr "하위 트리로 재귀�으로 �용"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:131
+msgid "show trees when recursing"
+msgstr "재귀�으로 �용할 때 트리 표시"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:134
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL byte"
+msgstr "항목� NUL 바�트로 �냅니다"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:135
+msgid "include object size"
+msgstr "오브�트 �기 �함"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:137 builtin/ls-tree.c:139
+msgid "list only filenames"
+msgstr "파� �름만 목� 표시"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:142
+msgid "use full path names"
+msgstr "전체 경로 �름 사용"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:144
+msgid "list entire tree; not just current directory (implies --full-name)"
+msgstr "전체 트리 목� 표시, 현재 디렉터리만 아니� (--full-name 옵션 �함)"
+
+#: builtin/mailsplit.c:241
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty mbox: '%s'"
+msgstr "빈 mbox: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:51
+msgid "git merge [<options>] [<commit>...]"
+msgstr "git merge [<옵션>] [<커밋>...]"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:52
+msgid "git merge --abort"
+msgstr "git merge --abort"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:53
+msgid "git merge --continue"
+msgstr "git merge --continue"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:110
+msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
+msgstr "`m' 옵션�는 값� 필요합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:147
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "'%s' 병합 전략� 찾� 수 없습니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:148
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available strategies are:"
+msgstr "사용 가능한 전략�:"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:153
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
+msgstr "사용 가능한 사용� 설정 전략�:"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:203 builtin/pull.c:142
+msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr "병합� �날 때 diffstat� 표시하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/pull.c:145
+msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr "병합� �날 때 diffstat� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:207 builtin/pull.c:148
+msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
+msgstr "(--stat 옵션과 ��)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:209 builtin/pull.c:151
+msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
+msgstr "병합 커밋� 메시지� shortlog 항목� (최대 <n>개) 추가합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:212 builtin/pull.c:157
+msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
+msgstr "병합하는 대신 하나� 커밋� 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:214 builtin/pull.c:160
+msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
+msgstr "병합� 성공하면 커밋� 합니다 (기본값)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:216 builtin/pull.c:163
+msgid "edit message before committing"
+msgstr "커밋 전� 메시지를 편집합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:217
+msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
+msgstr "정방향 진행� 허용합니다 (기본값)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:219 builtin/pull.c:169
+msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
+msgstr "정방향 진행� 불가능하면 중지합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:223 builtin/pull.c:172
+msgid "verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+msgstr "지정한 커밋� 올바른 GPG 서명� 있는지 검�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:224 builtin/notes.c:777 builtin/pull.c:176
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
+msgid "strategy"
+msgstr "ì „ëžµ"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/pull.c:177
+msgid "merge strategy to use"
+msgstr "사용할 병합 전략"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:226 builtin/pull.c:180
+msgid "option=value"
+msgstr "옵션=값"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:227 builtin/pull.c:181
+msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
+msgstr "선�한 병합 전략� 대한 옵션"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:229
+msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
+msgstr "병합 커밋 메시지 (정방향� 아닌 병합� 대해)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:233
+msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "현재 진행 중� 병합� 중지합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:235
+msgid "continue the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "현재 진행 중� 병합� 계�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:237 builtin/pull.c:188
+msgid "allow merging unrelated histories"
+msgstr "관계 없는 커밋 내역� 병합� 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:243
+msgid "verify commit-msg hook"
+msgstr "커밋 메시지 후�를 검�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:268
+msgid "could not run stash."
+msgstr "stash를 실행할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:273
+msgid "stash failed"
+msgstr "스태시 실패"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a valid object: %s"
+msgstr "올바른 오브�트가 아닙니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:300 builtin/merge.c:317
+msgid "read-tree failed"
+msgstr "read-tree 실패"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:347
+msgid " (nothing to squash)"
+msgstr " (합칠 내용� 없습니다)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:358
+#, c-format
+msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr "커밋 합치기 -- HEAD를 업��트하지 않습니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:408
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr "병합 메시지가 없습니다 -- HEAD를 업��트하지 않습니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:458
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgstr "'%s'�(가) 커밋� 가리키지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:548
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
+msgstr "잘못� branch.%s.mergeoptions 문�열: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:669
+msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "� 개� 헤드 병합 외�는 처리하지 않습니다."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
+msgstr "merge-recursive� 대해 알 수 없는 옵션: -X%s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:698
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write %s"
+msgstr "%s� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:749
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�서 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:758
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"병합� 커밋하지 않습니다. 병합� 마치려면 'git commit'� 사용하십시오.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:764
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
+"especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"왜 � 병합� 필요한지를 설명하는 커밋 메시지를 입력하십시오. 특히\n"
+"업스트림 업��트를 어떤 목�용 브랜치로 병합할 때는 반드시 그렇게\n"
+"하십시오.\n"
+"\n"
+"'%c' 문�로 시작하는 줄� 무시�고, 메시지가 비어 있으면 커밋�\n"
+"중지합니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:800
+msgid "Empty commit message."
+msgstr "빈 커밋 메시지."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:819
+#, c-format
+msgid "Wonderful.\n"
+msgstr "훌륭합니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:872
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
+msgstr "�� 병합� 실패했습니다. 충�� 바로잡고 결과물� 커밋하십시오.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:911
+msgid "No current branch."
+msgstr "현재 브랜치가 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:913
+msgid "No remote for the current branch."
+msgstr "현재 브랜치� 대한 리모트가 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:915
+msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
+msgstr "현재 브랜치� 대해 기본 업스트림� 지정하지 않았습니다."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:920
+#, c-format
+msgid "No remote-tracking branch for %s from %s"
+msgstr "리모트 %2$s�서 %1$s� 대한 리모트 추� 브랜치가 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad value '%s' in environment '%s'"
+msgstr "잘못� 값 '%s', 환경 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1075
+#, c-format
+msgid "not something we can merge in %s: %s"
+msgstr "%s 안�서 병합할 수 있는 항목� 아닙니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1109
+msgid "not something we can merge"
+msgstr "병합할 수 있는 항목� 아닙니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1211
+msgid "--abort expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--abort 옵션� ��를 받지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1215
+msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "중지할 병합 작업� 없습니다. (MERGE_HEAD가 없�)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1227
+msgid "--continue expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--continue 옵션� ��를 받지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1231
+msgid "There is no merge in progress (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "진행 중� 병합 작업� 없습니다. (MERGE_HEAD가 없�)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1247
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"병합� 마치지 않았습니다. (MERGE_HEAD 있�)\n"
+"병합하기 전� 변경 사항� 커밋하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1254
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"커밋 빼오기를 마치지 않았습니다. (COMMIT_PICK_HEAD 있�)\n"
+"병합하기 전� 변경 사항� 커밋하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1257
+msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "커밋 빼오기를 마치지 않았습니다. (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD 있�)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1266
+msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
+msgstr "--squash 옵션� --no-ff 옵션과 같� 쓸 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1274
+msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
+msgstr "커밋� 지정하지 않았고  merge.defaultToUpstream를 설정하지 않았습니다."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1291
+msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
+msgstr "빈 헤드로 커밋� 합치기는 지�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1293
+msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
+msgstr "정방향� 아닌 커밋� 빈 헤드�서는 앞뒤가 맞지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1298
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
+msgstr "%s - 병합할 수 있는 항목� 아닙니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1300
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr "빈 헤드�는 정확히 하나� 커밋만 병합할 수 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1334
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, allegedly by %s."
+msgstr "%s 커밋� 신뢰하지 않는 (서명�가 %s�고 하는) GPG 서명� 있습니다."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1337
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a bad GPG signature allegedly by %s."
+msgstr "%s 커밋� 잘못� (서명�가 %s�고 하는) GPG 서명� 있습니다."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1340
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."
+msgstr "%s 커밋� GPG 서명� 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1343
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"
+msgstr "%s 커밋� %s� 올바른 GPG 서명� 없습니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1402
+msgid "refusing to merge unrelated histories"
+msgstr "관계 없는 커밋 내역� 병합� 거부합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1411
+msgid "Already up to date."
+msgstr "�미 업��트 �태입니다."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1421
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
+msgstr "업��트 중 %s..%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1462
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
+msgstr "아주 간단한 ��스 내부 병합� 시�합니다...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1469
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nope.\n"
+msgstr "아님.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1494
+msgid "Already up to date. Yeeah!"
+msgstr "�미 업��트 �태입니다. 야호!"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1500
+msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
+msgstr "정방향� 불가능하므로, 중지합니다."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1523 builtin/merge.c:1602
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
+msgstr "트리를 본래 위치로 ��립니다...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1527
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
+msgstr "병합 전략 %s 시�...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1593
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
+msgstr "병합� 처리한 전략� 없습니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1595
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
+msgstr "전략 %s(으)로 병합� 실패했습니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1604
+#, c-format
+msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
+msgstr "수� 해결� 준비를 위해 %s 전략� 사용합니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1616
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
+msgstr "�� 병합� 잘 진행�었습니다. 요청한대로 커밋 전� 중지합니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:30
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] <commit> <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] <커밋> <커밋>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:31
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <커밋>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
+msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base --independent <커밋>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
+msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
+msgstr "git merge-base --is-ancestor <커밋> <커밋>"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:34
+msgid "git merge-base --fork-point <ref> [<commit>]"
+msgstr "git merge-base --fork-point <레�런스> [<커밋>]"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
+msgid "output all common ancestors"
+msgstr "모든 과거 공통 커밋� 출력합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
+msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
+msgstr "하나� n-방향 병합� 대한 과거 커밋� 찾습니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:224
+msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
+msgstr "다른 곳�서 접근 불가능한 리비전 목�� 출력합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:226
+msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
+msgstr "첫번째가 다른 것� 과거 커밋�지 여부?"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:228
+msgid "find where <commit> forked from reflog of <ref>"
+msgstr "<레�런스>� reflog�서 <커밋>� 분리� 위치를 찾습니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:9
+msgid ""
+"git merge-file [<options>] [-L <name1> [-L <orig> [-L <name2>]]] <file1> "
+"<orig-file> <file2>"
+msgstr ""
+"git merge-file [<옵션>] [-L <�름1> [-L <orig> [-L <�름2>]]] <파�1> <본래-"
+"파�> <파�2>"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:33
+msgid "send results to standard output"
+msgstr "결과를 표준 출력으로 보냅니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:34
+msgid "use a diff3 based merge"
+msgstr "diff3 기반 병합� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:35
+msgid "for conflicts, use our version"
+msgstr "충�� 발�하면, 우리쪽 버전� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:37
+msgid "for conflicts, use their version"
+msgstr "충�� 발�하면, �대편 버전� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:39
+msgid "for conflicts, use a union version"
+msgstr "충�� 발�하면, 합친 버전� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:42
+msgid "for conflicts, use this marker size"
+msgstr "충�� 발�하면, � �기로 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:43
+msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
+msgstr "충�� 대해 경고하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:45
+msgid "set labels for file1/orig-file/file2"
+msgstr "<파�1>/<본래-파�>/<파�2>� 대한 레�블� 설정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:45
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option %s"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 옵션: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:51
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 오브�트를 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:55
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d base. Ignoring %s."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d bases. Ignoring %s."
+msgstr[0] "베�스를 %d개 보다 많� 쓸 수 없습니다. %s 무시합니다."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:63
+msgid "not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "� 개� 헤드 병합 외�는 처리하지 않습니다."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:69 builtin/merge-recursive.c:71
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve ref '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 레�런스를 알아낼 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merging %s with %s\n"
+msgstr "%s 병합, %s 항목과\n"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:65
+msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
+msgstr "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:153
+msgid "input is NUL terminated"
+msgstr "입력� NUL로 �납니다"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:154 builtin/write-tree.c:25
+msgid "allow missing objects"
+msgstr "없는 오브�트를 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:155
+msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
+msgstr "여러개 트리 만들기를 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:17
+msgid "git mv [<options>] <source>... <destination>"
+msgstr "git mv [<옵션>] <�본>... <대�>"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "Directory %s is in index and no submodule?"
+msgstr "%s 디렉터리가 ��스� 있고 하위 모듈� 없습니다?"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:84 builtin/rm.c:288
+msgid "Please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
+msgstr "계�하려면 .gitmodules� 변경 사항� 스테�지� 넣거나 스태시 하십시오"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid "%.*s is in index"
+msgstr "%.*s�(가) ��스� 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:124
+msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
+msgstr "대�� �미 있어� 강제로 옮기기/�름 바꾸기를 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:126
+msgid "skip move/rename errors"
+msgstr "옮기기/�름 바꾸기 오류를 건너 �니다"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid "destination '%s' is not a directory"
+msgstr "대�� ('%s') 디렉터리가 아닙니다"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) '%s'(으)로 �름 바꾸기합니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:183
+msgid "bad source"
+msgstr "잘못� �본"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:186
+msgid "can not move directory into itself"
+msgstr "디렉터리를 �기 �신으로 옮길 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:189
+msgid "cannot move directory over file"
+msgstr "디렉터리를 파�로 옮길 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:198
+msgid "source directory is empty"
+msgstr "�본 디렉터리가 비어 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:223
+msgid "not under version control"
+msgstr "버전 컨트롤 중� 아닙니다"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:226
+msgid "destination exists"
+msgstr "대�� 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "overwriting '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' �어쓰기"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:237
+msgid "Cannot overwrite"
+msgstr "�어쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:240
+msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
+msgstr "��한 대�� 대해 여러 개 �본"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:242
+msgid "destination directory does not exist"
+msgstr "대� 디렉터리가 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:249
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
+msgstr "%s, �본=%s, 대�=%s"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
+msgstr "�름 바꾸기, '%s'�서 '%s'(으)로\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:276 builtin/remote.c:715 builtin/repack.c:409
+#, c-format
+msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
+msgstr "'%s'� �름 바꾸기가 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:338
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git name-rev [<옵션>] <커밋>..."
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:339
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --all"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<옵션>] --all"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:340
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --stdin"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<옵션>] --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:395
+msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
+msgstr "�름만 표시 (SHA-1 없�)"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:396
+msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
+msgstr "커밋� 지정할 때 태그만 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:398
+msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "<패턴>과 �치하는 레�런스만 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:400
+msgid "ignore refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "<패턴>과 �치하는 레�런스를 무시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:402
+msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
+msgstr "모든 레�런스�서 접근 가능한 모든 커밋 목�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:403
+msgid "read from stdin"
+msgstr "표준입력�서 �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:404
+msgid "allow to print `undefined` names (default)"
+msgstr "`정��지 않�' �름 표시를 허용합니다 (기본값)"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:410
+msgid "dereference tags in the input (internal use)"
+msgstr "입력� 태그 레�런스를 따�갑니다 (내부 사용)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:26
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <노트-레�런스>] [list [<오브�트>]]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:27
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
+"| (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <메시지> | -F <파"
+"�> | (-c | -C) <오브�트>] [<오브�트>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:28
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <노트-레�런스>] copy [-f] <�본-오브�트> <대�-오브�트>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:29
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
+"(-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <쪽지-레�런스>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <메시지> | -F <"
+"파�> | (-c | -C) <오브�트>] [<오브�트>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:30
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <쪽지-레�런스>] edit [--allow-empty] [<오브�트>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:31
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] show [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] show [<오브�트>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:32
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy>] <notes-ref>"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <노트-레�런스>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <전략>] <노트-레�런스>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:33
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:34
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:35
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] remove [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <노트-레�런스>] remove [<오브�트>...]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:36
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] prune [-n] [-v]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <노트-레�런스>] prune [-n] [-v]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:37
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] get-ref"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <노트-레�런스>] get-ref"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:42
+msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr "git notes [list [<오브�트>]]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:47
+msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes add [<옵션>] [<오브�트>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:52
+msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr "git notes copy [<옵션>] <�본-오브�트> <대�-오브�트>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:53
+msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
+msgstr "git notes copy --stdin [<�본-오브�트> <대�-오브�트>]..."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:58
+msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes append [<옵션>] [<오브�트>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:63
+msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes edit [<오브�트>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:68
+msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes show [<오브�트>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:73
+msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes-ref>"
+msgstr "git notes merge [<옵션>] <쪽지-레�런스>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:74
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --commit [<옵션>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:75
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --abort [<옵션>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:80
+msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes remove [<오브�트>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:85
+msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes prune [<옵션>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:90
+msgid "git notes get-ref"
+msgstr "git notes get-ref"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:95
+msgid "Write/edit the notes for the following object:"
+msgstr "다� 오브�트� 노트를 쓰거나 편집합니다:"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:148
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 오브�트� 대해 'show'를 시작할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:152
+msgid "could not read 'show' output"
+msgstr "'show' 출력� �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:160
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "오브�트 '%s'� 대해 'show'를 마치는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:195
+msgid "please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+msgstr "노트 내용� -m �는 -F 옵션으로 입력하십시오"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:204
+msgid "unable to write note object"
+msgstr "노트 오브�트를 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "the note contents have been left in %s"
+msgstr "노트 내용� %s� 남습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:234 builtin/tag.c:507
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:236 builtin/tag.c:510
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 열거나 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:255 builtin/notes.c:306 builtin/notes.c:308
+#: builtin/notes.c:376 builtin/notes.c:431 builtin/notes.c:517
+#: builtin/notes.c:522 builtin/notes.c:600 builtin/notes.c:662
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 올바른 레�런스로 알아내는� 실패했습니다."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:258
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr "'%s' 오브�트 �기� 실패했습니다."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
+msgstr "블롭� 아닌 '%s' 오브�트� 대해 노트 ��터를 �� 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "잘못� 형�� 입력 줄: '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:317
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�서 '%s'(으)로 노트를 복사하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the first %s will be replaced by a git
+#. notes command: 'add', 'merge', 'remove', etc.
+#.
+#: builtin/notes.c:349
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to %s notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "%s�서 노트를 %s 하기를 거부합니다 (refs/notes/ 밖임)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:369 builtin/notes.c:424 builtin/notes.c:500
+#: builtin/notes.c:512 builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:655
+#: builtin/notes.c:805 builtin/notes.c:952 builtin/notes.c:973
+msgid "too many parameters"
+msgstr "파�미터가 너무 많습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:382 builtin/notes.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "no note found for object %s."
+msgstr "%s 오브�트� 대해 노트가 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:403 builtin/notes.c:566
+msgid "note contents as a string"
+msgstr "문�열로 노트 내용"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:406 builtin/notes.c:569
+msgid "note contents in a file"
+msgstr "파� 안� 노트 내용"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:409 builtin/notes.c:572
+msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
+msgstr "지정한 노트 오브�트를 재사용하고 편집합니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:412 builtin/notes.c:575
+msgid "reuse specified note object"
+msgstr "지정한 노트 오브�트를 재사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:415 builtin/notes.c:578
+msgid "allow storing empty note"
+msgstr "빈 노트 저장� 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:416 builtin/notes.c:487
+msgid "replace existing notes"
+msgstr "기존 노트를 바꿉니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+"노트를 추가할 수 없습니다. %s 오브�트� 대한 기존 노트가 있습니다. 기존 노트"
+"를 �어쓰려면 '-f' 옵션� 사용하십시오"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:535
+#, c-format
+msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
+msgstr "%s 오브�트� 대한 기존 노트를 �어�니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:467 builtin/notes.c:627 builtin/notes.c:892
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
+msgstr "%s 오브�트� 대한 노트를 제거합니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:488
+msgid "read objects from stdin"
+msgstr "표준 입력�서 오브�트를 �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:490
+msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
+msgstr "<명령>� 대한 다시쓰기 설정� �어들입니다 (--stdin 옵션 �함)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:508
+msgid "too few parameters"
+msgstr "파�미터가 너무 �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:529
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+"노트를 복사할 수 없습니다. %s 오브�트� 대한 기존 노트가 있습니다. 기존 노트"
+"를 �어쓰려면 '-f' 옵션� 사용하십시오"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:541
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr "�본 %s 오브�트� 대한 노트가 없습니다. 복사할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:593
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
+"Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"-m/-F/-c/-C 옵션� 'edit' 하위 명령� 대해 사용� 권하지 않습니다.\n"
+"대신� 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' 명령� 사용하십시오.\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:688
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL 레�런스 삭제� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:690
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "NOTES_MERGE_REF 레�런스 삭제� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:692
+msgid "failed to remove 'git notes merge' worktree"
+msgstr "'git notes merge' 작업트리 제거� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:712
+msgid "failed to read ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL 레�런스 �기� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:714
+msgid "could not find commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL�서 커밋� 찾� 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:716
+msgid "could not parse commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL�서 커밋� 파싱할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:729
+msgid "failed to resolve NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "NOTES_MERGE_REF 알아내기� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:732
+msgid "failed to finalize notes merge"
+msgstr "노트 병합� 마치는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown notes merge strategy %s"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 노트 병합 전략 %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:774
+msgid "General options"
+msgstr "�반 옵션"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:776
+msgid "Merge options"
+msgstr "병합 옵션"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:778
+msgid ""
+"resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
+"cat_sort_uniq)"
+msgstr ""
+"주어진 전략� 사용해 노트 충�� 해결합니다 (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
+"cat_sort_uniq)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:780
+msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr "병합하지 않� 노트 커밋"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:782
+msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr "병합하지 않� 노트를 커밋해 노트 병합� 마칩니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:784
+msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
+msgstr "노트 병합 해결 중지"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:786
+msgid "abort notes merge"
+msgstr "노트 병합� 중지합니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:797
+msgid "cannot mix --commit, --abort or -s/--strategy"
+msgstr "--commit, --abort, -s/--strategy 옵션� 섞어 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:802
+msgid "must specify a notes ref to merge"
+msgstr "병합할 노트 레�런스를 지정해야 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:826
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown -s/--strategy: %s"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 전략(-s/--strategy): %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:863
+#, c-format
+msgid "a notes merge into %s is already in-progress at %s"
+msgstr "%s 위치로 노트 병합� �미 %s�서 진행중입니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to store link to current notes ref (%s)"
+msgstr "현재 노트 레�런스� (%s) ��를 저장하는� 실패했습니다."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:868
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Automatic notes merge failed. Fix conflicts in %s and commit the result with "
+"'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with 'git notes merge --"
+"abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�� 노트 병합� 실패했습니다. %s 안� 충�� 바로잡고 결과를 'git notes "
+"merge --commit' 명령으로 커밋하십시오. �는 'git notes merge --abort' 명령으"
+"로 병합� 중지하십시오.\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:890
+#, c-format
+msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
+msgstr "%s 오브�트� 노트가 없습니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:902
+msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
+msgstr "없는 노트를 제거하려는 시�를 오류가 아닌 것으로 취급합니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:905
+msgid "read object names from the standard input"
+msgstr "표준 입력�서 오브�트 �름� �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:943 builtin/prune.c:107 builtin/worktree.c:151
+msgid "do not remove, show only"
+msgstr "제거하지 않고, 보여주기만 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:944
+msgid "report pruned notes"
+msgstr "잘�낸 노트를 알립니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:986
+msgid "notes-ref"
+msgstr "노트-레�런스"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:987
+msgid "use notes from <notes-ref>"
+msgstr "<노트-레�런스>�서 노트를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1022
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 하위 명령: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:48
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<options>...] [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<옵션>...] [< <레�런스목�> | < <오브�트목�>]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:49
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects [<options>...] <base-name> [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git pack-objects [<옵션>...] <베�스�름> [< <레�런스목�> | < <오브�트목�"
+">]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:211 builtin/pack-objects.c:214
+#, c-format
+msgid "deflate error (%d)"
+msgstr "deflate 오류 (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:810
+msgid "disabling bitmap writing, packs are split due to pack.packSizeLimit"
+msgstr ""
+"배트맵 쓰기를 하지 않습니다. 묶�� pack.packSizeLimit 값� 따� 쪼개집니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:823
+msgid "Writing objects"
+msgstr "오브�트 쓰는 중"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1106
+msgid "disabling bitmap writing, as some objects are not being packed"
+msgstr "묶�� 들어있지 않� 오브�트가 있으므로, 비트맵 쓰기를 하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1765
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "오브�트 개수 세는 중"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1895
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to get size of %s"
+msgstr "%s� �기를 알아낼 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1910
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse object header of %s"
+msgstr "%s� 오브�트 헤�를 파싱할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2564
+msgid "Compressing objects"
+msgstr "오브�트 압축하는 중"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2735
+msgid "invalid value for --missing"
+msgstr "--missing� 값� 올바르지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3067
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported index version %s"
+msgstr "지�하지 않는 ��스 버전 %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3071
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad index version '%s'"
+msgstr "잘못� ��스 버전 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3102
+msgid "do not show progress meter"
+msgstr "진행률� 표시하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3104
+msgid "show progress meter"
+msgstr "진행률� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3106
+msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
+msgstr "오브�트 쓰기 단계�서 진행률� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3109
+msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
+msgstr "진행률� 표시� 때 --all-progress와 비슷합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3110
+msgid "version[,offset]"
+msgstr "버전[,오프셋]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3111
+msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
+msgstr "지정한 버전� ��스 형�� 따� 묶� ��스 파�� �니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3114
+msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
+msgstr "출력 묶� 파�� 최대 �기"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3116
+msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
+msgstr "보조 오브�트 저장소�서 빌려온 오브�트를 무시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3118
+msgid "ignore packed objects"
+msgstr "묶� 오브�트를 무시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3120
+msgid "limit pack window by objects"
+msgstr "묶� 윈�우를 오브�트 단위로 제한합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3122
+msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
+msgstr "묶� 윈�우를 오브�트 단위� 추가로 메모리 단위로 제한합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3124
+msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
+msgstr "결과물 묶��서 허용�는 최대 길�� �타 체�"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3126
+msgid "reuse existing deltas"
+msgstr "기존 �타를 재사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3128
+msgid "reuse existing objects"
+msgstr "기존 오브�트를 재사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3130
+msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
+msgstr "OFS_DELTA 오브�트를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3132
+msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
+msgstr "최�� �타 �치를 검색하는� 스레드를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3134
+msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
+msgstr "빈 묶� 출력� 만들지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3136
+msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
+msgstr "표준 입력�서 리비전 ��를 �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3138
+msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
+msgstr "묶지 않는 오브�트 수를 제한합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3141
+msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
+msgstr "모든 레�런스�서 접근 가능한 오브�트를 �함합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3144
+msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
+msgstr "reflog 항목�서 레�런스할 수 있는 오브�트를 �함합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3147
+msgid "include objects referred to by the index"
+msgstr "��스�서< 레�런스하는 오브�트를 �함합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3150
+msgid "output pack to stdout"
+msgstr "묶�� 표준 출력으로 출력합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3152
+msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
+msgstr "묶�� 들어갈 오브�트를 레�런스하는 태그 오브�트를 �함합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3154
+msgid "keep unreachable objects"
+msgstr "접근 불가능 오브�트를 보존합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3156
+msgid "pack loose unreachable objects"
+msgstr "�슨한 접근 불가능 오브�트를 묶습니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3158
+msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
+msgstr "<시�>보다 새로운 접근 불가능 오브�트� 묶�� 풉니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3161
+msgid "create thin packs"
+msgstr "얇� 묶�� 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3163
+msgid "create packs suitable for shallow fetches"
+msgstr "얕� 가져오기� �합한 묶�� 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3165
+msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
+msgstr "해당하는 .keep 파�� 있는 묶�� 무시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3167
+msgid "ignore this pack"
+msgstr "� 묶�� 무시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3169
+msgid "pack compression level"
+msgstr "묶� 압축 단계"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3171
+msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
+msgstr "그래프트로 발�한 커밋� 숨기지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3173
+msgid "use a bitmap index if available to speed up counting objects"
+msgstr "가능하면 비트맵 ��스를 사용해 오브�트 세기 ��를 높입니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3175
+msgid "write a bitmap index together with the pack index"
+msgstr "묶� ��스와 같� 비트맵 ��스를 �니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3178
+msgid "handling for missing objects"
+msgstr "없는 오브�트를 처리합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3181
+msgid "do not pack objects in promisor packfiles"
+msgstr "프�미서 묶� 파�� 오브�트를 묶지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3205
+#, c-format
+msgid "delta chain depth %d is too deep, forcing %d"
+msgstr "�타 체� 깊� 값� (%d) 너무 �니다. %d 값으로 조정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3210
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack.deltaCacheLimit is too high, forcing %d"
+msgstr "pack.deltaCacheLimit 값� 너무 �니다. %d 값으로 조정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3338
+msgid "Enumerating objects"
+msgstr "오브�트 나열하는 중"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:7
+msgid "git pack-refs [<options>]"
+msgstr "git pack-refs [<옵션>]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
+msgid "pack everything"
+msgstr "모� 묶습니다"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:16
+msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
+msgstr "�슨한 레�런스를 잘�냅니다 (기본값)"
+
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:8
+msgid "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
+msgstr "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
+
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:41
+msgid "Removing duplicate objects"
+msgstr "중복� 오브�트 제거"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:11
+msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
+msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <시�>] [--] [<헤드>...]"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:108
+msgid "report pruned objects"
+msgstr "잘�낸 오브�트를 알립니다"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:111
+msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
+msgstr "<시�>보다 오래 � 오브�트를 만료합니다"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:113
+msgid "limit traversal to objects outside promisor packfiles"
+msgstr "프�미서 묶�파� 밖�서 오브�트 찾지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:127
+msgid "cannot prune in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "precious-objects 저장소�서 잘�낼 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:59 builtin/pull.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "%s� 값� 올바르지 않습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:81
+msgid "git pull [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git pull [<옵션>] [<저장소> [<레�런스명세>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:132
+msgid "control for recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 재귀�으로 가져오기 방�� 조정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:136
+msgid "Options related to merging"
+msgstr "병합 관련 옵션"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:139
+msgid "incorporate changes by rebasing rather than merging"
+msgstr "변경 사항� �용할 때 병합하는 대신 리베�스합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:166 builtin/rebase--helper.c:23 builtin/revert.c:121
+msgid "allow fast-forward"
+msgstr "정방향 진행� 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:175
+msgid "automatically stash/stash pop before and after rebase"
+msgstr "리베�스 전과 후� stash � stash pop� ��으로 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:191
+msgid "Options related to fetching"
+msgstr "가져오기 관련 옵션"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:209
+msgid "number of submodules pulled in parallel"
+msgstr "병렬�으로 풀� 실행할 하위모듈 개수"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for pull.ff: %s"
+msgstr "pull.ff� 대해 잘못� 값: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:420
+msgid ""
+"There is no candidate for rebasing against among the refs that you just "
+"fetched."
+msgstr "가져온 레�런스 중� 리베�스할 대� 후보가 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:422
+msgid ""
+"There are no candidates for merging among the refs that you just fetched."
+msgstr "가져온 레�런스 중� 병합할 대� 후보가 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:423
+msgid ""
+"Generally this means that you provided a wildcard refspec which had no\n"
+"matches on the remote end."
+msgstr ""
+"보통 �런 경우는 리모트 쪽�는 없는 와�드카드 레�런스명세가\n"
+"주어졌� 때 �어납니다."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:426
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You asked to pull from the remote '%s', but did not specify\n"
+"a branch. Because this is not the default configured remote\n"
+"for your current branch, you must specify a branch on the command line."
+msgstr ""
+"리모트 '%s'�서 풀� 요청했지만, 브랜치를 지정하지 않았습니다.\n"
+"� 리모트는 현재 브랜치� 대해 기본으로 설정� 리모트가\n"
+"아니기 때문�, 명령행�서 브랜치를 지정해야 합니다."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:431 git-parse-remote.sh:73
+msgid "You are not currently on a branch."
+msgstr "현재 어떤 브랜치 위�� 있지 않습니다."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:433 builtin/pull.c:448 git-parse-remote.sh:79
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to rebase against."
+msgstr "어떤 브랜치를 대�으로 리베�스할지 지정하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:435 builtin/pull.c:450 git-parse-remote.sh:82
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to merge with."
+msgstr "어떤 브랜치를 대�으로 병합할지 지정하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:436 builtin/pull.c:451
+msgid "See git-pull(1) for details."
+msgstr "�세한 정보는 git-pull(1) 페�지를 참고하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:438 builtin/pull.c:444 builtin/pull.c:453
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:64
+msgid "<remote>"
+msgstr "<리모트>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:438 builtin/pull.c:453 builtin/pull.c:458 git-rebase.sh:523
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:65
+msgid "<branch>"
+msgstr "<브랜치>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:446 git-parse-remote.sh:75
+msgid "There is no tracking information for the current branch."
+msgstr "현재 브랜치� 추� 정보가 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:455 git-parse-remote.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:"
+msgstr "� 브랜치� 대한 추� 정보를 설정하려면 다�과 같� 할 수 있습니다:"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:460
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your configuration specifies to merge with the ref '%s'\n"
+"from the remote, but no such ref was fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"설정�서 리모트� '%s' 레�런스와 병합하�� 지정했지만,\n"
+"그런 레�런스를 가져오지 않았습니다."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:826
+msgid "ignoring --verify-signatures for rebase"
+msgstr "리베�스� 대해 --verify-signatures 옵션� 무시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:874
+msgid "--[no-]autostash option is only valid with --rebase."
+msgstr "--[no-]autostash 옵션� --rebase 옵션과 같� �야 합니다."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:882
+msgid "Updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index."
+msgstr "만들어지지 않� 브랜치를 ��스� 추가� 변경 사항으로 업��트합니다."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:885
+msgid "pull with rebase"
+msgstr "리베�스로 풀하기"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:886
+msgid "please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "커밋하거나 스태시� 넣으십시오."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:911
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"commit %s."
+msgstr ""
+"현재 브랜치 헤드를 업��트했습니다.\n"
+"작업 ��를 %s 커밋�서 정방향\n"
+"진행합니다."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:916
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot fast-forward your working tree.\n"
+"After making sure that you saved anything precious from\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"output, run\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"to recover."
+msgstr ""
+"작업 ��를 정방향 진행할 수 없습니다.\n"
+"다� 명령 출력�서 중요한 사항� 저장한 다�,\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"다�� 실행하면\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"복구�니다."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:931
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head."
+msgstr "여러 브랜치를 빈 헤드로 병합할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:935
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches."
+msgstr "여러 브랜치로 리베�스할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:942
+msgid "cannot rebase with locally recorded submodule modifications"
+msgstr "로컬�서 기�한 하위 모듈 수정 사항� �용해 리베�스할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:19
+msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git push [<옵션>] [<저장소> [<레�런스명세>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:111
+msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
+msgstr "<태그> 없� 태그 줄임"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:121
+msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
+msgstr "--delete 옵션� �반 대� 레�런스 �름만 받습니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:165
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"어� 한 쪽 옵션만 계� 선�하려면, 'git help config'�서 push.default를 참고"
+"하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
+"the name of your current branch.  To push to the upstream branch\n"
+"on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+"\n"
+"To push to the branch of the same name on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s %s\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"현재 브랜치� 업스트림 브랜치가 현재 브랜치� �름과\n"
+"같지 않습니다. 리모트� 업스트림 브랜치로 푸시하려면\n"
+"다�과 같� 하십시오.\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+"\n"
+"리모트� 같� �름으로 푸시하려면 다�과 같� 하십시오.\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s %s\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:183
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are not currently on a branch.\n"
+"To push the history leading to the current (detached HEAD)\n"
+"state now, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
+msgstr ""
+"현재 어떤 브랜치 위�� 있지 않습니다.\n"
+"지금 현재 (HEAD 분리) �태까지� 커밋 내역� 푸시하려면\n"
+"다�과 같� 하십시오.\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:197
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
+"To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"현재 브랜치 %s� 업스트림 브랜치가 없습니다.\n"
+"현재 브랜치를 푸시하고 해당 리모트를 업스트림으로 지정하려면\n"
+"다�과 같� 하십시오.\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
+msgstr "현재 브랜치  %s� 여러 업스트림 브랜치가 있습니다. 푸시를 거절합니다."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
+"your current branch '%s', without telling me what to push\n"
+"to update which remote branch."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 리모트로 푸시하는 중입니다. 하지만 � 리모트는 현재\n"
+"'%s' 브랜치� 업스트림� 아닙니다. 어떤 리모트 브랜치� 무엇�\n"
+"푸시할지 설정하지 않았습니다."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:267
+msgid ""
+"You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
+msgstr ""
+"푸시할 레�런스명세를 지정하지 않았고, push.default 값� 'nothing'입니다."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:274
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
+"its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.\n"
+"'git pull ...') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"현재 브랜치� �� 리모트 브랜치보다 뒤� 있으므로 업��트가\n"
+"거부�었습니다. 푸시하기 전� ('git pull ...' 등 명령으로) 리모트\n"
+"변경 사항� �함하십시오.\n"
+"�세한 정보는 'git push --help'� \"Note about fast-forwards' 부분�\n"
+"참고하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:280
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+"counterpart. Check out this branch and integrate the remote changes\n"
+"(e.g. 'git pull ...') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"현재 브랜치� �� 리모트 브랜치보다 뒤� 있으므로 업��트가\n"
+"거부�었습니다. � 브랜치를 체�아웃하고 푸시하기 전�\n"
+"('git pull ...' 등 명령으로) 리모트 변경 사항� �함하십시오.\n"
+"�세한 정보는 'git push --help'� \"Note about fast-forwards' 부분�\n"
+"참고하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:286
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
+"not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
+"to the same ref. You may want to first integrate the remote changes\n"
+"(e.g., 'git pull ...') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"리모트� 로컬� 없는 사항� 들어 있으므로 업��트가\n"
+"거부�었습니다. � �황� 보통 � 다른 저장소�서 같�\n"
+"저장소로 푸시할 때 발�합니다.  푸시하기 전�\n"
+"('git pull ...' 등 명령으로) 리모트 변경 사항� 먼저\n"
+"�함해야 합니다.\n"
+"�세한 정보는 'git push --help'� \"Note about fast-forwards' 부분�\n"
+"참고하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:293
+msgid "Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote."
+msgstr "리모트� 태그가 �미 있기 때문� 업��트가 거부�었습니다."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:296
+msgid ""
+"You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
+"or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
+"without using the '--force' option.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"'--force' 옵션� 없� 커밋� 아닌 오브�트를 가리키는 리모트\n"
+"레�런스를 업��트하거나, 커밋� 아닌 오브�트를 가리키��\n"
+"업��트할 수 없습니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
+msgstr "다�� 푸시: %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
+msgstr "레�런스를 '%s'� 푸시하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:395
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad repository '%s'"
+msgstr "잘못� 저장소 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:396
+msgid ""
+"No configured push destination.\n"
+"Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
+"repository using\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <name> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"and then push using the remote name\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <name>\n"
+msgstr ""
+"푸시 대�� 설정하지 않았습니다.\n"
+"명령행�서 URL� 지정하거나 다�� 사용해 리모트 저장소를 설정하십시오\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <�름> <URL>\n"
+"\n"
+"그리고 � 리모트 �름� 사용해 푸시하십시오\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <name>\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:551
+msgid "repository"
+msgstr "저장소"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:552 builtin/send-pack.c:164
+msgid "push all refs"
+msgstr "모든 레�런스 푸시하기"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:553 builtin/send-pack.c:166
+msgid "mirror all refs"
+msgstr "모든 레�런스 미러"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:555
+msgid "delete refs"
+msgstr "레�런스 삭제"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:556
+msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
+msgstr "태그 푸시하기 (--all �는 --mirror 옵션과 같� 쓸 수 없�)"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:559 builtin/send-pack.c:167
+msgid "force updates"
+msgstr "강제로 업��트"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:561 builtin/send-pack.c:181
+msgid "refname>:<expect"
+msgstr "레�런스�름>:<예�"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:562 builtin/send-pack.c:182
+msgid "require old value of ref to be at this value"
+msgstr "레�런스� 과거 값� � 값�어야 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:565
+msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
+msgstr "재귀� 하위 모듈 푸시 방�� 설정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:567 builtin/send-pack.c:175
+msgid "use thin pack"
+msgstr "얇� 묶�� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:568 builtin/push.c:569 builtin/send-pack.c:161
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:162
+msgid "receive pack program"
+msgstr "receive pack 프로그램"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:570
+msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
+msgstr "git pull/status� 대한 업스트림� 설정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:573
+msgid "prune locally removed refs"
+msgstr "로컬�서 제거한 레�런스를 잘�냅니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:575
+msgid "bypass pre-push hook"
+msgstr "푸시 전 후�를 건너�니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:576
+msgid "push missing but relevant tags"
+msgstr "빠졌지만 관련� 태그를 푸시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:579 builtin/send-pack.c:169
+msgid "GPG sign the push"
+msgstr "푸시� GPG 서명"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:581 builtin/send-pack.c:176
+msgid "request atomic transaction on remote side"
+msgstr "리모트 쪽� �� 트랜잭션� 요청합니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:599
+msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
+msgstr "--delete 옵션� --all, --mirror, --tags 옵션과 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:601
+msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
+msgstr "--delete 옵션� 레�런스 없� 앞뒤가 맞지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:604
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all � --tags 옵션� 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:606
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--all 옵션� 레�런스명세와 같� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:610
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--mirror � --tags 옵션� 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:612
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--mirror 옵션� 레�런스명세와 같� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:615
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all � --mirror 옵션� 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:634
+msgid "push options must not have new line characters"
+msgstr "푸시 옵션�는 줄바꿈 문�가 들어갈 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:40
+msgid ""
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>) "
+"[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
+"index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
+msgstr ""
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<접�어>) "
+"[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
+"index-output=<파�>] (--empty | <트리-따위> [<트리-따위2> [<트리-따위3>]])"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:120
+msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
+msgstr "결과 ��스를 <파�>� �니다"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
+msgid "only empty the index"
+msgstr "��스를 비우기만 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:125
+msgid "Merging"
+msgstr "병합하기"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:127
+msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
+msgstr "�� 다� 병합� 수행합니다"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:129
+msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
+msgstr "파� 단위 병합� 필요하지 않으면 3-방향 병합� 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:131
+msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
+msgstr "추가와 제거가 있� 때 3-방향 병합� 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:133
+msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
+msgstr "-m과 ��하지만, 병합�지 않� 항목� 버립니다"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
+msgid "<subdirectory>/"
+msgstr "<하위디렉터리>/"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
+msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
+msgstr "트리를 <하위디렉터리>/ 아래 ��스로 �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:138
+msgid "update working tree with merge result"
+msgstr "작업 ��를 병합 결과로 업��트합니다"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:140
+msgid "gitignore"
+msgstr "gitignore"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:141
+msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
+msgstr "무시하는 파�� �어쓰�� 명시�으로 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:144
+msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
+msgstr "병합 후� 작업 ��를 확�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:145
+msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
+msgstr "��스나 작업 ��를 업��트하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:147
+msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
+msgstr "드문 체�아웃 필터 �용� 건너�니다"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:149
+msgid "debug unpack-trees"
+msgstr "unpack-trees 디버깅"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:8
+msgid "git rebase--helper [<options>]"
+msgstr "git rebase--helper [<옵션>]"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:24
+msgid "keep empty commits"
+msgstr "빈 커밋� 유지합니다"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:26 builtin/revert.c:123
+msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
+msgstr "빈 메시지로 커밋� 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:27
+msgid "rebase merge commits"
+msgstr "병합 커밋� 리베�스합니다"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:29
+msgid "keep original branch points of cousins"
+msgstr "관련� 본래 브랜치 위치를 유지합니다"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:30
+msgid "continue rebase"
+msgstr "리베�스 계�"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:32
+msgid "abort rebase"
+msgstr "리베�스를 중지합니다"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:35
+msgid "make rebase script"
+msgstr "리베�스 스�립트를 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:37
+msgid "shorten commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "할 � 목�� 커밋 아�디를 줄입니다."
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:39
+msgid "expand commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "할 � 목�� 커밋 아�디를 늘입니다."
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:41
+msgid "check the todo list"
+msgstr "할 � 목�� 확�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:43
+msgid "skip unnecessary picks"
+msgstr "불필요한 빼오기를 건너�니다"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:45
+msgid "rearrange fixup/squash lines"
+msgstr "fixup/squash 줄 재구성"
+
+# English Text�서는 insert를 사용하지만, 소스코드�는 add로 표현�어 있습니다.
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:47
+msgid "insert exec commands in todo list"
+msgstr "할 � 목�� 실행 명령� 추가합니다"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:68
+msgid "--[no-]rebase-cousins has no effect without --rebase-merges"
+msgstr ""
+"--[no-]rebase-cousins 옵션� --rebase-merges 옵션 없�는 아무 효과가 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:31
+msgid "git receive-pack <git-dir>"
+msgstr "git receive-pack <git-dir>"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:842
+msgid ""
+"By default, updating the current branch in a non-bare repository\n"
+"is denied, because it will make the index and work tree inconsistent\n"
+"with what you pushed, and will require 'git reset --hard' to match\n"
+"the work tree to HEAD.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set the 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable\n"
+"to 'ignore' or 'warn' in the remote repository to allow pushing into\n"
+"its current branch; however, this is not recommended unless you\n"
+"arranged to update its work tree to match what you pushed in some\n"
+"other way.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message and still keep the default behaviour, set\n"
+"'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"기본값으로 간략한 저장소가 아닌 현재 브랜치� 업��트는 거부�니다.\n"
+"업��트하면 ��스와 작업 트리가 푸시한 내용과 �치하지 않게 �므로,\n"
+"'git reset --hard'로 작업 ��를 HEAD� 맞춰야 합니다.\n"
+"\n"
+"리모트 저장소�서 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' 설정 변수를 'ignore'나\n"
+"'warn'으로 설정하면 현재 브랜치로 푸시할 수 있습니다. 하지만 작업\n"
+"��� 내용� 푸시할 내용� 맞추는 게 아니�면 추천하지 않습니다.\n"
+"\n"
+"� 메시지를 보지 않고 기본 �작� 계� 하려면,\n"
+"'receive.denyCurrentBranch' 설정 변수를 'refuse'로 설정하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:862
+msgid ""
+"By default, deleting the current branch is denied, because the next\n"
+"'git clone' won't result in any file checked out, causing confusion.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' configuration variable to\n"
+"'warn' or 'ignore' in the remote repository to allow deleting the\n"
+"current branch, with or without a warning message.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message, you can set it to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"기본값으로, 현재 브랜치� 삭제는 거부�니다. 다�� 'git clone'할 때\n"
+"아무 파�� 체�아웃하지 않게 �므로 혼�� �으키기 때문입니다.\n"
+"\n"
+"'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' 설정 변수를 'ignore'나 'warn'으로 설정하면\n"
+"(경고 메시지를 �함하거나 �함하지 않고) 현재 브랜치를 삭제할 수\n"
+"있습니다.\n"
+"\n"
+"� 메시지를 보지 않으려면, � 설정 변수를 'refuse'로 설정하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1935
+msgid "quiet"
+msgstr "출력 않기"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1949
+msgid "You must specify a directory."
+msgstr "디렉터리를 지정해야 합니다."
+
+#: builtin/reflog.c:532 builtin/reflog.c:537
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid timestamp"
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) 올바른 시� 값� 아닙니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:14
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
+"mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr ""
+"git remote add [-t <브랜치>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
+"mirror=<fetch|push>] <�름> <url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:16 builtin/remote.c:36
+msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
+msgstr "git remote rename <옛�름> <새�름>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:17 builtin/remote.c:41
+msgid "git remote remove <name>"
+msgstr "git remote remove <�름>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:18 builtin/remote.c:46
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
+msgstr "git remote set-head <�름> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <브랜치>)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:19
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <�름>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:20
+msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <�름>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:21
+msgid ""
+"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<그룹> | <리모트>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:22
+msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches [--add] <�름> <브랜치>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:72
+msgid "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <�름>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:24 builtin/remote.c:77
+msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
+msgstr "git remote set-url [--push] <�름> <새url> [<옛url>]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:25 builtin/remote.c:78
+msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
+msgstr "git remote set-url --add <�름> <새url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:26 builtin/remote.c:79
+msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
+msgstr "git remote set-url --delete <�름> <url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:31
+msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr "git remote add [<옵션>] <�름> <url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:51
+msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches <�름> <브랜치>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:52
+msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches --add <�름> <브랜치>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:57
+msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote show [<옵션>] <�름>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:62
+msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote prune [<옵션>] <�름>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:67
+msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
+msgstr "git remote update [<옵션>] [<그룹> | <리모트>]..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:96
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s"
+msgstr "%s 업��트 중"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:128
+msgid ""
+"--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
+"\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
+msgstr ""
+"--mirror는 위험하므로 사용� 권하지 않습니다. 대신�\n"
+"\t --mirror=fetch �는 --mirror=push를 사용하십시오"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 --mirror 옵션 ��: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:161
+msgid "fetch the remote branches"
+msgstr "리모트 브랜치를 가져옵니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:163
+msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
+msgstr "가져올 때 모든 태그와 관련 오브�트를 가져옵니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:166
+msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
+msgstr "아니면 아무 태그� 가져오지 않습니다 (--no-tags)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:168
+msgid "branch(es) to track"
+msgstr "추�할 브랜치"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:169
+msgid "master branch"
+msgstr "마스터 브랜치"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:170
+msgid "push|fetch"
+msgstr "push|fetch"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:171
+msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
+msgstr "리모트를 푸시 �는 가져올 때 사용할 미러로 설정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:183
+msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
+msgstr "--mirror 옵션과 같� 마스터 브랜치를 지정하면 앞뒤가 맞지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:185
+msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
+msgstr "마스터 브랜치를 지정� fetch 미러�서만 앞뒤가 맞습니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:192 builtin/remote.c:634
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote %s already exists."
+msgstr "%s 리모트가 �미 있습니다."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:196 builtin/remote.c:638
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) 올바른 리모트 �름� 아닙니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
+msgstr "마스터 '%s'�(를) 설정할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:342
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
+msgstr "%s 레�런스명세� 대한 가져오기 맵� 얻� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:441 builtin/remote.c:449
+msgid "(matching)"
+msgstr "(�치)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:453
+msgid "(delete)"
+msgstr "(삭제)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:627 builtin/remote.c:762 builtin/remote.c:861
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote: %s"
+msgstr "그런 리모트가 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:644
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "설정 섹션� '%s'�서 '%s'(으)로 바꿀 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:664
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"\tPlease update the configuration manually if necessary."
+msgstr ""
+"기본값� 아닌 가져오기 레�런스명세를 업��트하지 않습니다\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"\t필요하면 설정� 수�으로 업��트하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:700
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
+msgstr "'%s' 삭제가 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:734
+#, c-format
+msgid "creating '%s' failed"
+msgstr "'%s' 만들기가 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:799
+msgid ""
+"Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
+"to delete it, use:"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Note: Some branches outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy were not removed;\n"
+"to delete them, use:"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"알림: 레�런스/리모트/ 계층 구조 밖� 있는 �부 브랜치가 제거�지 않았습니"
+"다.\n"
+"삭제하려면 다�� 사용하십시오:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:813
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr "설정 섹션 '%s'�(를) 제거할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:914
+#, c-format
+msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
+msgstr " 새 항목 (다� 가져오기는 remotes/%s 아래 저장�니다)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:917
+msgid " tracked"
+msgstr " 추��"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:919
+msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
+msgstr " 오래� (제거하려면 'git remote prune'� 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:921
+msgid " ???"
+msgstr " ???"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:962
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
+msgstr "잘못� branch.%s.merge 값. 여러 개 브랜치로 리베�스할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively onto remote %s"
+msgstr "리모트 %s 위로 대화�으로 리베�스합니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively (with merges) onto remote %s"
+msgstr "리모트 %s 위로 대화�으로 (병합 �함) 리베�스합니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:976
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
+msgstr "리모트 %s 위로 리베�스합니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:980
+#, c-format
+msgid " merges with remote %s"
+msgstr " 병합: 리모트 %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "merges with remote %s"
+msgstr "병합: 리모트 %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:986
+#, c-format
+msgid "%-*s    and with remote %s\n"
+msgstr "%-*s    그리고 리모트 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1029
+msgid "create"
+msgstr "만들기"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1032
+msgid "delete"
+msgstr "삭제"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1036
+msgid "up to date"
+msgstr "최신 �태"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1039
+msgid "fast-forwardable"
+msgstr "정방향 진행 가능"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1042
+msgid "local out of date"
+msgstr "로컬� 뒤떨어�"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1049
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr "    %-*s�서 %-*s(으)로 강제 (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1052
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr "    %-*s�서 %-*s(으)로 푸시 (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1056
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
+msgstr "    %-*s�서 %s(으)로 강제"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1059
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
+msgstr "    %-*s�서 %s(으)로 푸시"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1127
+msgid "do not query remotes"
+msgstr "리모트� 질�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1154
+#, c-format
+msgid "* remote %s"
+msgstr "* 리모트 %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1155
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
+msgstr "  가져오기 URL: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1156 builtin/remote.c:1172 builtin/remote.c:1311
+msgid "(no URL)"
+msgstr "(URL 없�)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon ':' should align
+#. with the one in " Fetch URL: %s"
+#. translation.
+#.
+#: builtin/remote.c:1170 builtin/remote.c:1172
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
+msgstr "  푸시  URL: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1174 builtin/remote.c:1176 builtin/remote.c:1178
+#, c-format
+msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
+msgstr "  HEAD 브랜치: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1174
+msgid "(not queried)"
+msgstr "(질�하지 않�)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1176
+msgid "(unknown)"
+msgstr "(알 수 없�)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1180
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
+msgstr "  HEAD 브랜치 (리모트 HEAD는 애매하고, 다� 중 하나� 수 있습니다):\n"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1192
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
+msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
+msgstr[0] "  리모트 브랜치:%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1195 builtin/remote.c:1221
+msgid " (status not queried)"
+msgstr " (�태를 질�하지 않�)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1204
+msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
+msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
+msgstr[0] "  'git pull'� 사용할 로컬 브랜치를 설정:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1212
+msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
+msgstr "  로컬 레�런스를 'git push'로 미러�할 예정"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1218
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgstr[0] "  로컬 레�런스를 'git push'로 미러�%s:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1239
+msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
+msgstr "레�런스/리모트/<�름>/HEAD 값� 리모트� 맞게 설정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1241
+msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
+msgstr "레�런스/리모트/<�름>/HEAD 값� 삭제합니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1256
+msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
+msgstr "리모트 HEAD를 결정할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1258
+msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
+msgstr ""
+"리모트 HEAD 브랜치가 여러개입니다. 다� 중 하나를 명시�으로 지정하십시오:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1268
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not delete %s"
+msgstr "%s�(를) 삭제할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1276
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
+msgstr "올바른 레�런스가 아닙니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1278
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup %s"
+msgstr "%s�(를) 설정할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1296
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s will become dangling!"
+msgstr " %s� 연결� �어집니다!"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1297
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s has become dangling!"
+msgstr " %s� 연결� �어졌습니다!"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1307
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pruning %s"
+msgstr "잘�냄: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1308
+#, c-format
+msgid "URL: %s"
+msgstr "URL: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1324
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [would prune] %s"
+msgstr " * [잘�낼 예정] %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1327
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [pruned] %s"
+msgstr " * [잘�냄] %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1372
+msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
+msgstr "가져온 후� 리모트를 잘�냅니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1435 builtin/remote.c:1489 builtin/remote.c:1557
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote '%s'"
+msgstr "그런 리모트가 없습니다 ('%s')"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1451
+msgid "add branch"
+msgstr "브랜치를 추가합니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1458
+msgid "no remote specified"
+msgstr "리모트를 지정하지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1475
+msgid "query push URLs rather than fetch URLs"
+msgstr "가져오기 URL� 아니� 푸시 URL� 질�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1477
+msgid "return all URLs"
+msgstr "모든 URL� 리턴합니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1505
+#, c-format
+msgid "no URLs configured for remote '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 리모트� 대한 URL� 설정하지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1531
+msgid "manipulate push URLs"
+msgstr "푸시 URL� 지정합니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1533
+msgid "add URL"
+msgstr "URL� 추가합니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1535
+msgid "delete URLs"
+msgstr "URL� 삭제합니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1542
+msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
+msgstr "--add --delete 옵션� 둘다 쓰면 안 �니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1581
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
+msgstr "잘못� 오래전 URL 패턴: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1589
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such URL found: %s"
+msgstr "그런 URL� 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1591
+msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
+msgstr "푸시용� 아닌 모든 URL� 삭제하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1607
+msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
+msgstr "�세히 표시합니다 (하위 명령 앞� 와야 합니다)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1638
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 하위 명령: %s"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:18
+msgid "git repack [<options>]"
+msgstr "git repack [<옵션>]"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:23
+msgid ""
+"Incremental repacks are incompatible with bitmap indexes.  Use\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index or disable the pack.writebitmaps configuration."
+msgstr ""
+"�진�� repack� 비트맵 ��스와 호환�지 않습니다.\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index를 사용하거나 pack.writebitmaps 설정� �십시오."
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:180
+msgid "pack everything in a single pack"
+msgstr "하나� 묶� 안� 모� 묶습니다"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:182
+msgid "same as -a, and turn unreachable objects loose"
+msgstr "-a와 ��하고, 접근 불가능 오브�트를 �슨하게 바꿉니다"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:185
+msgid "remove redundant packs, and run git-prune-packed"
+msgstr "여분� 묶�� 제거하고, git-prune-packed를 실행합니다"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:187
+msgid "pass --no-reuse-delta to git-pack-objects"
+msgstr "git-pack-objects� --no-reuse-delta 옵션� 넘�니다"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:189
+msgid "pass --no-reuse-object to git-pack-objects"
+msgstr "git-pack-objects� --no-reuse-object 옵션� 넘�니다"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:191
+msgid "do not run git-update-server-info"
+msgstr "git-update-server-info를 실행하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:194
+msgid "pass --local to git-pack-objects"
+msgstr "git-pack-objects� --local 옵션� 넘�니다"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:196
+msgid "write bitmap index"
+msgstr "비트맵 ��스를 �니다"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:197
+msgid "approxidate"
+msgstr "대략�시�"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:198
+msgid "with -A, do not loosen objects older than this"
+msgstr ""
+"-A� 추가로, 지정한 시�보다 오래� 오브�트를 �슨하게 만들지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:200
+msgid "with -a, repack unreachable objects"
+msgstr "-a와 같�, 접근 불가능 오브�트를 다시 묶습니다"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:202
+msgid "size of the window used for delta compression"
+msgstr "�타 압축� 사용할 윈�우 �기"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:203 builtin/repack.c:209
+msgid "bytes"
+msgstr "바�트수"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:204
+msgid "same as the above, but limit memory size instead of entries count"
+msgstr "위와 ��하지만, 항목 수 대신 메모리 �기를 제한합니다"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:206
+msgid "limits the maximum delta depth"
+msgstr "최대 �타 깊�를 제한합니다"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:208
+msgid "limits the maximum number of threads"
+msgstr "최대 스레드 수를 제한합니다"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:210
+msgid "maximum size of each packfile"
+msgstr "묶� 파�� 최대 �기"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:212
+msgid "repack objects in packs marked with .keep"
+msgstr ".keep으로 표시� 묶�� 오브�트를 다시 묶습니다"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:214
+msgid "do not repack this pack"
+msgstr "� 묶�� 다시 묶지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:224
+msgid "cannot delete packs in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "precious-objects 저장소� 묶�� 삭제할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:228
+msgid "--keep-unreachable and -A are incompatible"
+msgstr "--keep-unreachable � -A 옵션� 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:425 builtin/worktree.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 제거� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:22
+msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] <오브�트> <대체�름>"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:23
+msgid "git replace [-f] --edit <object>"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] --edit <오브�트>"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:24
+msgid "git replace [-f] --graft <commit> [<parent>...]"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] --graft <커밋> [<�위>...]"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:25
+msgid "git replace [-f] --convert-graft-file"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] --convert-graft-file"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:26
+msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
+msgstr "git replace -d <오브�트>..."
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:27
+msgid "git replace [--format=<format>] [-l [<pattern>]]"
+msgstr "git replace [--format=<형�>] [-l [<패턴>]]"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:371 builtin/replace.c:415 builtin/replace.c:445
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'"
+msgstr "올바른 오브�트 �름� 아닙니다: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:407
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad mergetag in commit '%s'"
+msgstr "커밋 '%s'� 잘못� 병합태그"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:409
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed mergetag in commit '%s'"
+msgstr "커밋 '%s'� 잘못� 형�� 병합태그"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:421
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"original commit '%s' contains mergetag '%s' that is discarded; use --edit "
+"instead of --graft"
+msgstr ""
+"본래 커밋 '%s'� 버려진 병합태그 '%s'�(가) 들어 있습니다. --graft 대신 --"
+"edit 옵션� 사용하십시오"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:460
+#, c-format
+msgid "the original commit '%s' has a gpg signature."
+msgstr "본래 커밋 '%s'� GPG 서명� 있습니다."
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:461
+msgid "the signature will be removed in the replacement commit!"
+msgstr "대체 커밋�서 서명� 제거합니다!"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:471
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write replacement commit for: '%s'"
+msgstr "다�� 대한 대체 커밋� 쓸 수 없습니다: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:514
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not convert the following graft(s):\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"다� 그래프트를 변환할 수 없습니다:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:535
+msgid "list replace refs"
+msgstr "대체 레�런스 목�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:536
+msgid "delete replace refs"
+msgstr "대체 레�런스를 삭제합니다"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:537
+msgid "edit existing object"
+msgstr "현재 오브�트를 편집합니다"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:538
+msgid "change a commit's parents"
+msgstr "커밋� �위 항목� 바꿉니다"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:539
+msgid "convert existing graft file"
+msgstr "기존 그래프트 파�� 변환합니다"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:540
+msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
+msgstr "레�런스가 있으면 대체합니다"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:542
+msgid "do not pretty-print contents for --edit"
+msgstr "--edit� 대한 내용� 예�게 표시하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:543
+msgid "use this format"
+msgstr "� 형�� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:13
+msgid "git rerere [clear | forget <path>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+msgstr "git rerere [clear | forget <경로>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:59
+msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
+msgstr "��스� 깔�한 해결� 등�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:29
+msgid ""
+"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
+msgstr "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<커밋>]"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:30
+msgid "git reset [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git reset [-q] [<트리-따위>] [--] <경로>..."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:31
+msgid "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"
+msgstr "git reset --patch [<트리-따위>] [--] [<경로>...]"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
+msgid "mixed"
+msgstr "혼합"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
+msgid "soft"
+msgstr "소프트"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
+msgid "hard"
+msgstr "하드"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
+msgid "merge"
+msgstr "병합"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
+msgid "keep"
+msgstr "유지"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:78
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
+msgstr "올바른 HEAD가 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:80
+msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
+msgstr "HEAD� 트리를 찾는� 실패했습니다."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:86
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
+msgstr "%s� 트리를 찾는� 실패했습니다."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
+msgstr "HEAD� 현재 위치는 %s입니다"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:189
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
+msgstr "병합 중� %s 리셋� 할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:289
+msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
+msgstr "간략히 표시, 오류만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:291
+msgid "reset HEAD and index"
+msgstr "HEAD와 ��스를 리셋합니다"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:292
+msgid "reset only HEAD"
+msgstr "HEAD만 리셋합니다"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:294 builtin/reset.c:296
+msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
+msgstr "HEAD, ��스, 작업��를 리셋합니다"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:298
+msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
+msgstr "HEAD를 리셋하지만 로컬 변경 사항� 남겨둡니다"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:304
+msgid "record only the fact that removed paths will be added later"
+msgstr "제거한 경로를 나중� 추가한다는 사실만 기�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:321
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 올바른 리비전으로 찾는� 실패했습니다."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 올바른 트리로 찾는� 실패했습니다."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:338
+msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+msgstr "--patch 옵션� --{hard,mixed,soft} 옵션과 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:347
+msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--mixed 옵션� 경로와 같� 쓰기는 제거� 예정입니다. 대신� 'git reset -- <경"
+"로>'를 사용하십시오."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:349
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
+msgstr "경로와 같� %s 리셋� 할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:359
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
+msgstr "%s 리셋� 간략한 저장소�서만 쓸 수 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:363
+msgid "-N can only be used with --mixed"
+msgstr "-N 옵션� --mixed 옵션과 같� �야만 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:380
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr "리셋 뒤� 스테�징하지 않� 변경 사항:"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:386
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
+msgstr "��스 파�� '%s' 리비전으로 리셋할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:390
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr "새 ��스 파�� 쓸 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:397
+msgid "cannot combine --exclude-promisor-objects and --missing"
+msgstr "--exclude-promisor-objects 옵션과 --missing 옵션� 결합 할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:455
+msgid "object filtering requires --objects"
+msgstr "오브�트 필터�� --objects 옵션� 필요합니다"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:458
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid sparse value '%s'"
+msgstr "잘못� 드문 값 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:499
+msgid "rev-list does not support display of notes"
+msgstr "rev-list는 노트 표시를 지�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:502
+msgid "cannot combine --use-bitmap-index with object filtering"
+msgstr "--use-bitmap-index 옵션� 오브�트 필터�� 결합 할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:406
+msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]"
+msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [<옵션>] -- [<��>...]"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:411
+msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
+msgstr "��로 넘긴 `--`를 유지합니다"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:413
+msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
+msgstr "첫번째 옵션� 아닌 �� 뒤� 파싱� 중지합니다"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:416
+msgid "output in stuck long form"
+msgstr "stuck long 형�으로 출력합니다"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:549
+msgid ""
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [<options>] [<arg>...]\n"
+"\n"
+"Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
+msgstr ""
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<옵션>] -- [<��>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<��>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [<옵션>] [<��>...]\n"
+"\n"
+"첫번째 사용방법� 대해 �세히 알고 싶으면, \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h"
+"\"를\n"
+"실행해 보십시오."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:23
+msgid "git revert [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git revert [<옵션>] <커밋-따위>..."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:24
+msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
+msgstr "git revert <하위명령>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:29
+msgid "git cherry-pick [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git cherry-pick [<옵션>] <커밋-따위>..."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:30
+msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
+msgstr "git cherry-pick <하위명령>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s�(는) %s와(과) 같� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:99
+msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "��리기 �는 커밋 빼오기 연�� �냅니다"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:100
+msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "��리기 �는 커밋 빼오기 연�� 계�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:101
+msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "��리기 �는 커밋 빼오기 연�� 취소합니다"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:102
+msgid "don't automatically commit"
+msgstr "��으로 커밋하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:103
+msgid "edit the commit message"
+msgstr "커밋 메시지를 편집합니다"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:106
+msgid "parent-number"
+msgstr "�전-커밋-번호"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:107
+msgid "select mainline parent"
+msgstr "�전 커밋 중 메��� 선�"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
+msgid "merge strategy"
+msgstr "병합 전략"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:110
+msgid "option"
+msgstr "옵션"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:111
+msgid "option for merge strategy"
+msgstr "병합 전략 옵션"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:120
+msgid "append commit name"
+msgstr "커밋 �름� 뒤� 붙입니다"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:122
+msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
+msgstr "최초 빈 커밋� 유지합니다"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:124
+msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
+msgstr "여분� 빈 커밋� 유지합니다"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:214
+msgid "revert failed"
+msgstr "��리기 실패"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:227
+msgid "cherry-pick failed"
+msgstr "cherry-pick 실패"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:18
+msgid "git rm [<options>] [--] <file>..."
+msgstr "git rm [<옵션>] [--] <파�>..."
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:206
+msgid ""
+"the following file has staged content different from both the\n"
+"file and the HEAD:"
+msgid_plural ""
+"the following files have staged content different from both the\n"
+"file and the HEAD:"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"다� 파�� 파�과 HEAD 모� 다른 스테�징한 내용�\n"
+"있습니다:"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:211
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"(use -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"(강제로 제거하려면 -f 옵션� 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:215
+msgid "the following file has changes staged in the index:"
+msgid_plural "the following files have changes staged in the index:"
+msgstr[0] "다� 파�� ��스� 스테�징한 변경 사항� 있습니다:"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:219 builtin/rm.c:228
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"(파�� 유지하려면 --cached 옵션, 강제로 제거하려면 -f 옵션� 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:225
+msgid "the following file has local modifications:"
+msgid_plural "the following files have local modifications:"
+msgstr[0] "다� 파�� 로컬 수정 사항� 있습니다:"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:241
+msgid "do not list removed files"
+msgstr "제거한 파� 목�� 표시하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:242
+msgid "only remove from the index"
+msgstr "��스�서만 제거합니다"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:243
+msgid "override the up-to-date check"
+msgstr "최신 버전 확�� 하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:244
+msgid "allow recursive removal"
+msgstr "재귀� 제거를 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:246
+msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
+msgstr "아무 것� �치하지 않으면 �태 0번으로 �납니다"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
+msgstr "-r 옵션� 없으면 재귀�으로 '%s'�(를) 제거하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:345
+#, c-format
+msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
+msgstr "git rm: %s�(를) 제거할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:368
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 제거할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:20
+msgid ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<host>:]<directory> "
+"[<ref>...]\n"
+"  --all and explicit <ref> specification are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<호스트>:]<디렉터리> [<레�런"
+"스>...]\n"
+"  --all 옵션과 명시�� <레�런스> 명세 중 하나만 사용할 수 있습니다."
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:163
+msgid "remote name"
+msgstr "리모트 �름"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:177
+msgid "use stateless RPC protocol"
+msgstr "�태 없는 RPC 프로토콜� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:178
+msgid "read refs from stdin"
+msgstr "표준 입력�서 레�런스를 �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:179
+msgid "print status from remote helper"
+msgstr "리모트 �움 프로그램� �태를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:7
+msgid "git serve [<options>]"
+msgstr "git serve [<옵션>]"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:17 builtin/upload-pack.c:23
+msgid "quit after a single request/response exchange"
+msgstr "하나� 요청/�답 �환 뒤� �납니다"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:19
+msgid "exit immediately after advertising capabilities"
+msgstr "기능 정보 �환 뒤� 즉시 �납니다"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:14
+msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git shortlog [<옵션>] [<리비전-범위>] [[--] <경로>...]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:15
+msgid "git log --pretty=short | git shortlog [<options>]"
+msgstr "git log --pretty=short | git shortlog [<옵션>]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:264
+msgid "Group by committer rather than author"
+msgstr "작성�가 아닌 커미터로 묶습니다"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:266
+msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
+msgstr "작성�별 커밋 수� 따� 정렬합니다"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:268
+msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
+msgstr "커밋 설명� �략하고, 커밋 수만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:270
+msgid "Show the email address of each author"
+msgstr "작성�� 전�메� 주소를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:271
+msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
+msgstr "w[,i1[,i2]]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:272
+msgid "Linewrap output"
+msgstr "줄바꿈 출력"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:298
+msgid "too many arguments given outside repository"
+msgstr "저장소 밖�서 주어진 ��가 너무 많습니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:12
+msgid ""
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"\t\t[--current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
+"\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
+"\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <glob>)...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"\t\t[--current] [--color[=<시�>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
+"\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
+"\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<리비전> | <glob>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:16
+msgid "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<베�스>]] [--list] [<레�런스>]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d ref"
+msgid_plural "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "%s 무시. 레�런스를 %d개보다 많� 처리할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "no matching refs with %s"
+msgstr "%s와(과) �치하는 레�런스가 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:626
+msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr "리모트 추� � 로컬 브랜치를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:628
+msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "리모트 추� 브랜치를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:630
+msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
+msgstr "브랜치� 따른 '*!+-' 표시� 색� 입힙니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:632
+msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
+msgstr "공통 �전 커밋 뒤� <n>개� 커밋� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:634
+msgid "synonym to more=-1"
+msgstr "--more=-1 옵션과 ��"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:635
+msgid "suppress naming strings"
+msgstr "�름 문�열� 표시하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:637
+msgid "include the current branch"
+msgstr "현재 브랜치를 �함"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:639
+msgid "name commits with their object names"
+msgstr "커밋� �름� 그 오브�트 �름으로 붙입니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:641
+msgid "show possible merge bases"
+msgstr "가능한 병합 기준�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:643
+msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
+msgstr "다른 어떤 레�런스�서� 접근 불가능한 레�런스를 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:645
+msgid "show commits in topological order"
+msgstr "위� 순서� 따� 커밋� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:648
+msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
+msgstr "첫 브랜치� 없는 커밋만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:650
+msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
+msgstr "하나� ��서만 접근 가능한 병합� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
+msgid "topologically sort, maintaining date order where possible"
+msgstr "가능하면 시간 순서를 유지하면서 위� 순서로 정렬"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
+msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
+msgstr "<n>[,<베�스>]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
+msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
+msgstr "기준부터 시작해 최대 <n>개� 최근 ref-log 항목� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:690
+msgid ""
+"--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, --independent or --merge-base"
+msgstr ""
+"--reflog 옵션� --all, --remotes, --independent, --merge-base 옵션과 호환�"
+"지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:714
+msgid "no branches given, and HEAD is not valid"
+msgstr "브랜치를 지정하지 않았고, HEAD가 올바르지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:717
+msgid "--reflog option needs one branch name"
+msgstr "--reflog 옵션� 브랜치 �름� 필요합니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "only %d entry can be shown at one time."
+msgid_plural "only %d entries can be shown at one time."
+msgstr[0] "한 번� %d개 항목만 표시할 수 있습니다."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:724
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such ref %s"
+msgstr "그런 레�런스가 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d rev."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d revs."
+msgstr[0] "리비전� %d개보다 많� 처리할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:812
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid ref."
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) 올바른 레�런스가 아닙니다."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot find commit %s (%s)"
+msgstr "%s 커밋� 찾� 수 없� (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:10
+msgid ""
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<pattern>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<패턴>...]"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:11
+msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<패턴>]"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:159
+msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
+msgstr "태그만 표시 (헤드와 결합 가능)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:160
+msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
+msgstr "헤드만 표시 (태그와 결합 가능)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:161
+msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
+msgstr "� 엄격한 레�런스 검사, 정확히 하나� 레�런스 경로 필요"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:164 builtin/show-ref.c:166
+msgid "show the HEAD reference, even if it would be filtered out"
+msgstr "HEAD 레�런스를 표시합니다 (필터��서 제외����)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
+msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
+msgstr "태그를 오브�트 ID로 따�갑니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
+msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
+msgstr "SHA-1 표시� <n>개� 숫�만 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:174
+msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
+msgstr "표준 출력� 결과를 표시하지 않습니다 (--verify 옵션과 사용하면 좋�)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
+msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
+msgstr "로컬 저장소� 없는 레�런스를 표준 입력�서 �어 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:18
+msgid "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:19
+msgid "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:36
+msgid "skip and remove all lines starting with comment character"
+msgstr "주� 문�로 시작하는 모든 줄� 건너뛰고 제거합니다"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:39
+msgid "prepend comment character and space to each line"
+msgstr "� 줄� 앞� 주� 문�와 공백� 붙입니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:37 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1688
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such ref: %s"
+msgstr "그런 레�런스가 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:44 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1697
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expecting a full ref name, got %s"
+msgstr "전체 레�런스 �름� 필요하지만, 입력� %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:61
+msgid "submodule--helper print-default-remote takes no arguments"
+msgstr "submodule--helper print-default-remote 옵션� ��가 필요하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' URL 하나� 단계를 잘�낼 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:406 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1211
+msgid "alternative anchor for relative paths"
+msgstr "�대 경로� 사용할 �다른 기준"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:411
+msgid "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<경로>] [<경로>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:462 builtin/submodule--helper.c:485
+#, c-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '%s' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr ".gitmodules�서 하위 모듈 경로 '%s'� 대한 URL� 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not lookup configuration '%s'. Assuming this repository is its own "
+"authoritative upstream."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 설정� 찾아볼 수 없습니다. � 저장소가 �체 업스트림��고 가정합니다."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:511
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 경로 '%s'� 대한 URL� 등�하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) registered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "'%3$s' 경로� 대해 '%1$s' (%2$s) 하위 모듈 등�\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:525
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: command update mode suggested for submodule '%s'\n"
+msgstr "경고: '%s' 하위 모듈� 대해 커맨드 업��트 모드가 제안�었습니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 하위 모듈� 대해 업��트 모드 등�� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:554
+msgid "Suppress output for initializing a submodule"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 초기화� 출력� 하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:559
+msgid "git submodule--helper init [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper init [<경로>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:631 builtin/submodule--helper.c:757
+#, c-format
+msgid "no submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '%s'"
+msgstr "경로 '%s'� 대해 .gitmodules� 있는 하위모듈 매핑� 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:670
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD ref inside the submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "HEAD 레�런스를 '%s' 하위 모듈 안�서 찾� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:697 builtin/submodule--helper.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 하위 모듈� 재귀�으로 �용� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:721 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1031
+msgid "Suppress submodule status output"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 �태를 출력하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:722
+msgid ""
+"Use commit stored in the index instead of the one stored in the submodule "
+"HEAD"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 HEAD� 저장� 커밋 대신 ��스� 저장� 커밋� 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:723
+msgid "recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "내장� 하위 모듈� 재귀�으로 �용"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:728
+msgid "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<경로>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:752
+msgid "git submodule--helper name <path>"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper name <경로>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:816
+#, c-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '%s'\n"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 URL� '%s'� 대해 �기화\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 경로 '%s'� 대한 URL� 등�하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:836
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to get the default remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"하위 모듈 경로 '%s'� 대한 기본 리모트 (저장소)를 가져오는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:847
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to update remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"하위 모듈 경로 '%s'� 대한 리모트 (저장소)를 업��트하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:895
+msgid "Suppress output of synchronizing submodule url"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 URL �기화 출력 표시하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:897
+msgid "Recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "중첩� 하위 모듈� 재귀�으로 �용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:902
+msgid "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<경로>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains a .git directory (use 'rm -rf' if you "
+"really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+"하위 모듈 작업 �� '%s'� .git 디렉터리가 있습니다 (정�로 모든 커밋 내역� "
+"�함하여 제거하려면 'rm -rf'를 사용하십시오)"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:968
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains local modifications; use '-f' to discard "
+"them"
+msgstr ""
+"하위 모듈 작업 �� '%s'� 로컬 수정 사항� 있습니다. 버리려면 '-f'를 사용하"
+"십시오"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:976
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cleared directory '%s'\n"
+msgstr "'%s' 디렉터리를 지�니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:978
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '%s'\n"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 작업 ��  '%s'�(를) 제거할 수 없습니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:987
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create empty submodule directory %s"
+msgstr "빈 하위 모듈 디렉터리를 %s�(를) 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) unregistered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "'%s' 하위 모듈� (%s) '%s' 경로� 대해 등��지 않았습니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1032
+msgid "Remove submodule working trees even if they contain local changes"
+msgstr "로컬 변경 사항� 있어� 하위 모듈 작업 ��를 제거합니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1033
+msgid "Unregister all submodules"
+msgstr "모든 하위 모듈� 목��서 제거합니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1038
+msgid ""
+"git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<경로>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1052
+msgid "Use '--all' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgstr "정�로 모든 하위 모듈 초기화를 해제하려면 '--all'� 사용하십시오"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1145 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1148
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' cannot add alternate: %s"
+msgstr "'%s' 하위 모듈� 보조 오브�트를 추가할 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1184
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateErrorStrategy is not recognized"
+msgstr "submodule.alternateErrorStrategy� 대한 값�('%s') 알 수 없는 값입니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1191
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateLocation is not recognized"
+msgstr "submodule.alternateLocation� 대한 값�('%s') 알 수 없는 값입니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1214
+msgid "where the new submodule will be cloned to"
+msgstr "새 하위 모듈� 복제할 대� 위치"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1217
+msgid "name of the new submodule"
+msgstr "새 하위 모듈 �름"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1220
+msgid "url where to clone the submodule from"
+msgstr "하위 모듈� 복제해 올 URL"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1228
+msgid "depth for shallow clones"
+msgstr "얕� 복제� 사용할 깊�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1231 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1606
+msgid "force cloning progress"
+msgstr "복제 진행 �황� 항� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1236
+msgid ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<path>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<repository>] [--name <name>] [--depth <depth>] --url <url> --path <path>"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<경로>] [--quiet] [--reference <저장소"
+">] [--name <�름>] [--depth <깊�>] --url <url> --path <경로>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1267
+#, c-format
+msgid "clone of '%s' into submodule path '%s' failed"
+msgstr "'%s'�서 하위 모듈 경로 '%s'� 복제하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1281
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get submodule directory for '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 대한 하위 모듈 디렉터리를 가져올 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1347
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule path '%s' not initialized"
+msgstr "'%s' 하위 모듈 경로가 초기화�지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1351
+msgid "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr "'update --init'� 하려고 한 것 아니었습니까?"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1380
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping unmerged submodule %s"
+msgstr "병합하지 하위 모듈 %s 건너뜀"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1409
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 '%s' 건너뜀"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1544
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s'. Retry scheduled"
+msgstr "'%s' 복제하는� 실패했습니다. 재시� 예정"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1555
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s' a second time, aborting"
+msgstr "�번째 '%s' 복제하는� 실패했습니다. 중지합니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1585 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1808
+msgid "path into the working tree"
+msgstr "작업 ��로 가는 경로"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1588
+msgid "path into the working tree, across nested submodule boundaries"
+msgstr "작업 ��로 가는 경로, 내장� 하위 모듈� 경계 통과"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1592
+msgid "rebase, merge, checkout or none"
+msgstr "rebase, merge, checkout �는 none"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1598
+msgid "Create a shallow clone truncated to the specified number of revisions"
+msgstr "지정한 개수� 리비전�서 잘린 얕� 복제를 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1601
+msgid "parallel jobs"
+msgstr "병렬 작업 개수"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1603
+msgid "whether the initial clone should follow the shallow recommendation"
+msgstr "최초 복제가 얕� 복제 추천� 따를지 여부"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1604
+msgid "don't print cloning progress"
+msgstr "복제 과정� 표시하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1611
+msgid "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<경로>] [<경로>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1624
+msgid "bad value for update parameter"
+msgstr "파�미터 업��트� 값� 잘못�었습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1692
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule (%s) branch configured to inherit branch from superproject, but "
+"the superproject is not on any branch"
+msgstr ""
+"하위 모듈 (%s) 브랜치가 �위 프로�트 브랜치를 �어받�� 설정�었지만, �위 "
+"프로�트� 브랜치가 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1809
+msgid "recurse into submodules"
+msgstr "하위 모듈� 재귀�으로 �용"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1815
+msgid "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<경로>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1901
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s doesn't support --super-prefix"
+msgstr "%s�서 --super-prefix 옵션� 지�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1907
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid submodule--helper subcommand"
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) 올바른 submodule--helper 하위 명령� 아닙니다"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:8
+msgid "git symbolic-ref [<options>] <name> [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref [<옵션>] <�름> [<레�런스>]"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:9
+msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <name>"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <�름>"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40
+msgid "suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"
+msgstr "심볼� 아닌 (분리�) 레�런스� 대해 �러 메시지를 표시하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:41
+msgid "delete symbolic ref"
+msgstr "심볼릭 레�런스를 삭제합니다"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:42
+msgid "shorten ref output"
+msgstr "레�런스 출력� 줄입니다"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
+msgid "reason"
+msgstr "�유"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
+msgid "reason of the update"
+msgstr "업��트� �유"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:24
+msgid ""
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>] <tagname> "
+"[<head>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <키-ID>] [-f] [-m <메시지> | -F <파�>] <태그�름>\n"
+"\t\t[<헤드>]"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:25
+msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -d <태그�름>..."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:26
+msgid ""
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--no-contains <commit>] [--"
+"points-at <object>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<format>] [--[no-]merged [<commit>]] [<pattern>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git tag -l [-n[<번호>]] [--contains <커밋>] [--no-contains <커밋>] [--points-"
+"at <오브�트>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<형�>] [--[no-]merged [<커밋>]] [<패턴>...]"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:28
+msgid "git tag -v [--format=<format>] <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -v [--format=<형�>] <태그�름>..."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:86
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' not found."
+msgstr "'%s' 태그가 없습니다."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "'%s' 태그 삭제함 (과거 %s)\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:132
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Write a message for tag:\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"다� 태그� 대한 메시지를 쓰십시오:\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"'%c' 문�로 시작하는 줄� 무시�니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:136
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Write a message for tag:\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
+"want to.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"다� 태그� 대한 메시지를 쓰십시오:\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"'%c' 문�로 시작하는 줄� 유지�니다. 제거하려면 �접 지워야 합니다.\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:190
+msgid "unable to sign the tag"
+msgstr "태그� 서명할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:192
+msgid "unable to write tag file"
+msgstr "태그 파�� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:217
+msgid "bad object type."
+msgstr "잘못� 오브�트 종류."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:266
+msgid "no tag message?"
+msgstr "태그 메시지 없�?"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
+msgstr "태그 메시지가 %s 파�� 남아 있습니다\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:382
+msgid "list tag names"
+msgstr "태그 �름 목�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:384
+msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
+msgstr "� 태그 메시지� <n>줄� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:386
+msgid "delete tags"
+msgstr "태그를 삭제합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:387
+msgid "verify tags"
+msgstr "태그를 검�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:389
+msgid "Tag creation options"
+msgstr "태그 만들기 옵션"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:391
+msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
+msgstr "주� 달린 태그, 메시지가 필요합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:393
+msgid "tag message"
+msgstr "태그 메시지"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:395
+msgid "force edit of tag message"
+msgstr "강제로 태그 메시지를 편집합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:396
+msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
+msgstr "주� 달리고 GPG 서명한 태그"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:400
+msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
+msgstr "태그를 서명하는� 지정한 키를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:401
+msgid "replace the tag if exists"
+msgstr "태그가 있으면 바꿉니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:402 builtin/update-ref.c:368
+msgid "create a reflog"
+msgstr "reflog를 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:404
+msgid "Tag listing options"
+msgstr "태그 목� 보기 옵션"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:405
+msgid "show tag list in columns"
+msgstr "태그 목�� 여러 열로 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:406 builtin/tag.c:408
+msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
+msgstr "해당 커밋� 들어 있는 태그만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:407 builtin/tag.c:409
+msgid "print only tags that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "해당 커밋� 들어 있지 않� 태그만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:410
+msgid "print only tags that are merged"
+msgstr "병합� 태그만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:411
+msgid "print only tags that are not merged"
+msgstr "병합�지 않� 태그만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:416
+msgid "print only tags of the object"
+msgstr "해당 오브�트� 태그만 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:460
+msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column � -n 옵션� 호환�지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:482
+msgid "-n option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "-n 옵션� 리스트 모드�서만 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:484
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "--contains 옵션� 리스트 모드�서만 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:486
+msgid "--no-contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "--no-contains 옵션� 리스트 모드�서만 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:488
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "--points-at 옵션� 리스트 모드�서만 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:490
+msgid "--merged and --no-merged options are only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "--merged � --no-merged 옵션� 리스트 모드�서만 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:501
+msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
+msgstr "하나� -F �는 -m 옵션만 쓸 수 있습니다."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:520
+msgid "too many params"
+msgstr "파�미터가 너무 많습니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:526
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) 올바른 태그 �름� 아닙니다."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:531
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "태그 '%s'�(가) �미 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:562
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "태그 '%s' 업��트 (과거 %s)\n"
+
+#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:498
+msgid "Unpacking objects"
+msgstr "오브�트 묶� 푸는 중"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory %s"
+msgstr "%s 디렉터리 만들기 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s"
+msgstr "%s� 대해 stat()� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create file %s"
+msgstr "%s 파�� 만드는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete file %s"
+msgstr "%s 파�� 삭제하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:113 builtin/update-index.c:219
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete directory %s"
+msgstr "%s 디렉터리를 삭제하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:138
+#, c-format
+msgid "Testing mtime in '%s' "
+msgstr "'%s' 안� 수정 시�� 확�하는 중입니다 "
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:152
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new file"
+msgstr "새 파�� 추가한 후� 디렉터리 정보가 바뀌지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:165
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new directory"
+msgstr "새 디렉터리를 추가한 후� 디렉터리 정보가 바뀌지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:178
+msgid "directory stat info changes after updating a file"
+msgstr "파�� 업��트한 후� 디렉터리 정보가 바뀌지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:189
+msgid "directory stat info changes after adding a file inside subdirectory"
+msgstr "하위 디렉터리� 파�� 추가한 후� 디렉터리 정보가 바뀌지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:200
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a file"
+msgstr "파�� 삭제한 후� 디렉터리 정보가 바뀌지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:213
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a directory"
+msgstr "디렉터리를 삭제한 후� 디렉터리 정보가 바뀌지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:220
+msgid " OK"
+msgstr " 오케�"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:589
+msgid "git update-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git update-index [<옵션>] [--] [<파�>...]"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:946
+msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
+msgstr "��스� 업��트가 필요하��� 새로 고침� 계�합니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:949
+msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
+msgstr "새로 고침: 하위 모듈 무시"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:952
+msgid "do not ignore new files"
+msgstr "새 파�� 무시할 수 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:954
+msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
+msgstr "디렉터리를 파�로, �는 그 반대로 바꿀 수 있게 허용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:956
+msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
+msgstr "작업���서 알림 파�� 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:958
+msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
+msgstr "��스� 병합하지 않� 항목� 있어� 새로 고칩니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:961
+msgid "refresh stat information"
+msgstr "파� 정보를 새로 고칩니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:965
+msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
+msgstr "--refresh와 ��하지만, assume-unchanged 설정� 무시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:969
+msgid "<mode>,<object>,<path>"
+msgstr "<모드>,<오브�트>,<경로>"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:970
+msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
+msgstr "지정한 항목� ��스� 추가합니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:979
+msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
+msgstr "파�� \"바꾸지 않�\"으로 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:982
+msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
+msgstr "바꾸지 않�으로 가정 (assumed-unchanged) 비트를 지�니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:985
+msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
+msgstr "파�� ��스 전용으로 (\"index-only\") 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:988
+msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
+msgstr "작업�� 건너뛰기 (skip-worktree) 비트를 지�니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:991
+msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
+msgstr ""
+"��스�만 추가합니다. 내용� 오브�트 ��터베�스� 추가하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:993
+msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
+msgstr "작업 ��� 있어� 해당 경로를 제거합니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:995
+msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
+msgstr "--stdin과 같� 사용: 입력 줄� NUL 바�트로 �납니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:997
+msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
+msgstr "표준 입력�서 업��트할 경로� 목�� �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1001
+msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
+msgstr "표준 입력�서 �� 항목� ��스� 추가합니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1005
+msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
+msgstr "경로 목�� 대해 #2 � #3 스테�징� 다시 합니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1009
+msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
+msgstr "HEAD와 다른 항목만 업��트합니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1013
+msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
+msgstr "작업 ��� 없는 파�� 무시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1016
+msgid "report actions to standard output"
+msgstr "표준 출력� �작� 알립니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1018
+msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
+msgstr "저장한 해결�지 않� 충�� 무시합니다 (사용�용 명령 용�)"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1022
+msgid "write index in this format"
+msgstr "��스를 � 형�으로 �니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1024
+msgid "enable or disable split index"
+msgstr "스플릿 ��스를 켜거나 �니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1026
+msgid "enable/disable untracked cache"
+msgstr "추�하지 않는 �시 사용� 켜거나 �니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1028
+msgid "test if the filesystem supports untracked cache"
+msgstr "파� 시스템� 추�하지 않는 �시를 지�하는지 검사합니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1030
+msgid "enable untracked cache without testing the filesystem"
+msgstr "파� 시스템 시험 없� 추�하지 않는 �시를 사용합니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1032
+msgid "write out the index even if is not flagged as changed"
+msgstr "변경� 것으로 표시�지 않� 경우�� ��스� �니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1034
+msgid "enable or disable file system monitor"
+msgstr "파� 시스템 모니터를 켜거나 �니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1036
+msgid "mark files as fsmonitor valid"
+msgstr ""
+"파� 시스템 모니터� 기능� 변경사항� 확�하는 비트를 파�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1039
+msgid "clear fsmonitor valid bit"
+msgstr "파� 시스템 모니터� 기능� 변경사항� 확�하는 비트를 지�니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1138
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"enable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex 값� 거짓입니다. 정�로 스플릿 ��스를 사용하려면 � 값� 제"
+"거하거나 바꾸십시오."
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1147
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"disable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex 값� 참입니다. 정�로 스플릿 ��스를 사용하지 않으려면 � 값"
+"� 제거하거나 바꾸십시오."
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1158
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to disable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache 값� 참입니다. 정�로 추�하지 않는 �시를 사용하지 않으"
+"려면 � 값� 제거하거나 바꾸십시오."
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1162
+msgid "Untracked cache disabled"
+msgstr "추��지 않는 파� �시를 사용하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1170
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to enable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache 값� 거짓입니다. 정�로 추�하지 않는 �시를 사용하려면 "
+"� 값� 제거하거나 바꾸십시오."
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1174
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked cache enabled for '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 대해 추��지 않는 �시를 사용하지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1182
+msgid "core.fsmonitor is unset; set it if you really want to enable fsmonitor"
+msgstr ""
+"core.fsmonitor가 설정�지 않았습니다. 정�로 파� 시스템 모니터를 사용하려면 "
+"설정하십시오"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1186
+msgid "fsmonitor enabled"
+msgstr "파� 시스템 모니터가 켜졌습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1189
+msgid ""
+"core.fsmonitor is set; remove it if you really want to disable fsmonitor"
+msgstr ""
+"core.fsmonitor가 설정�어 있습니다. 정�로 파� 시스템 모니터를 사용하지 않으"
+"려면 설정� 제거하십시오"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1193
+msgid "fsmonitor disabled"
+msgstr "파� 시스템 모니터가 꺼졌습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:10
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] -d <refname> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<옵션>] -d <레�런스�름> [<과거-값>]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:11
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>]    <refname> <new-val> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<옵션>]    <레�런스�름> <새-값> [<과거-값>]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:12
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] --stdin [-z]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<옵션>] --stdin [-z]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
+msgid "delete the reference"
+msgstr "레�런스를 삭제합니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:365
+msgid "update <refname> not the one it points to"
+msgstr "<레�런스�름>� 가리키지 않는 항목으로 업��트합니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:366
+msgid "stdin has NUL-terminated arguments"
+msgstr "표준 입력� NUL로 �나는 ��가 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:367
+msgid "read updates from stdin"
+msgstr "표준 입력�서 업��트를 �습니다"
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:7
+msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
+msgstr "git update-server-info [--force]"
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:15
+msgid "update the info files from scratch"
+msgstr "바닥부터 정보 파�� 업��트합니다"
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:11
+msgid "git upload-pack [<options>] <dir>"
+msgstr "git upload-pack [<옵션>] <디렉터리>"
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:25
+msgid "exit immediately after initial ref advertisement"
+msgstr "최초 레�런스 알림 뒤� 즉시 �납니다"
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:27
+msgid "do not try <directory>/.git/ if <directory> is no Git directory"
+msgstr ""
+"<디렉터리>가 깃 디렉터리가 아니면 <디렉터리>/.git/ ��를 시�하지 않습니다."
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:29
+msgid "interrupt transfer after <n> seconds of inactivity"
+msgstr "<n>초 �안 반�� 없으면 전송� 중지합니다"
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:18
+msgid "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <커밋>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:73
+msgid "print commit contents"
+msgstr "커밋 내용� 표시합니다"
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:74 builtin/verify-tag.c:38
+msgid "print raw gpg status output"
+msgstr "�본 GPG �태를 출력합니다"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:55
+msgid "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <pack>..."
+msgstr "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <묶�>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:65
+msgid "verbose"
+msgstr "�세히 표시"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:67
+msgid "show statistics only"
+msgstr "통계만 표시"
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:19
+msgid "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<format>] <tag>..."
+msgstr "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<형�>] <태그>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:37
+msgid "print tag contents"
+msgstr "태그 내용 표시"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:17
+msgid "git worktree add [<options>] <path> [<commit-ish>]"
+msgstr "git worktree add [<옵션>] <경로> [<커밋-따위>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:18
+msgid "git worktree list [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree list [<옵션>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:19
+msgid "git worktree lock [<options>] <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree lock [<옵션>] <경로>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:20
+msgid "git worktree move <worktree> <new-path>"
+msgstr "git worktree move <작업트리> <새-경로>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:21
+msgid "git worktree prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree prune [<옵션>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:22
+msgid "git worktree remove [<options>] <worktree>"
+msgstr "git worktree remove [<옵션>] <작업트리>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:23
+msgid "git worktree unlock <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree unlock <경로>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: not a valid directory"
+msgstr "worktrees/%s 제거: 올바른 디렉터리가 아닙나다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:64
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file does not exist"
+msgstr "worktrees/%s 제거: gitdir 파�� 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:69 builtin/worktree.c:78
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: unable to read gitdir file (%s)"
+msgstr "worktrees/%s 제거: gitdir 파�� �� 수 없습니다 (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Removing worktrees/%s: short read (expected %<PRIuMAX> bytes, read "
+"%<PRIuMAX>)"
+msgstr ""
+"작업 트리 제거/%s: 부족하게 �� (%<PRIuMAX> 바�트 예�, %<PRIuMAX> 바�트 "
+"��)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:96
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: invalid gitdir file"
+msgstr "worktrees/%s 제거: gitdir 파�� 올바르지 않습니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file points to non-existent location"
+msgstr "worktrees/%s 제거: gitdir 파�� 없는 위치를 가리킵니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:152
+msgid "report pruned working trees"
+msgstr "잘�낸 작업 ��를 알립니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:154
+msgid "expire working trees older than <time>"
+msgstr "<시�>보다 오래 � 작업 ��를 만료합니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:229
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' already exists"
+msgstr "'%s'�(가) �미 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:260
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory of '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'� 디렉터리를 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:373 builtin/worktree.c:379
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (new branch '%s')"
+msgstr "작업 트리 준비 중 (새 브랜치 '%s')"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:375
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (resetting branch '%s'; was at %s)"
+msgstr "작업 트리 준비 중 ('%s' 브랜치 재설정 중. �래 위치 %s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:384
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (checking out '%s')"
+msgstr "작업 트리 준비 중 ('%s' 가져오는 중)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:390
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (detached HEAD %s)"
+msgstr "작업 트리 준비 중 (분리� HEAD %s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:431
+msgid "checkout <branch> even if already checked out in other worktree"
+msgstr "다른 작업 ���서 체�아웃했��� <브랜치>를 체�아웃합니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:434
+msgid "create a new branch"
+msgstr "새 브랜치를 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:436
+msgid "create or reset a branch"
+msgstr "브랜치를 만들거나 리셋합니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:438
+msgid "populate the new working tree"
+msgstr "새 작업 ��를 만듭니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:439
+msgid "keep the new working tree locked"
+msgstr "새 작업 ��를 잠궈 둡니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:441
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-branch(1))"
+msgstr "추� 모드를 설정합니다 (git-branch(1) 참고)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:444
+msgid "try to match the new branch name with a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "새 브랜치 �름과 리모트 추� 브랜치를 �치 시킵니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:452
+msgid "-b, -B, and --detach are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-b, -B, --detach 옵션 중 하나만 쓸 수 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:511
+msgid "--[no-]track can only be used if a new branch is created"
+msgstr "--[no-]track 옵션� 새로운 브런치가 �성�었� 경우�만 쓸 수 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:611
+msgid "reason for locking"
+msgstr "잠그는 �유"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:623 builtin/worktree.c:656 builtin/worktree.c:710
+#: builtin/worktree.c:850
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a working tree"
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) 작업 ��가 아닙니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:625 builtin/worktree.c:658
+msgid "The main working tree cannot be locked or unlocked"
+msgstr "메� 작업 ��를 잠그거나 잠금 해제할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:630
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked, reason: %s"
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) �미 잠겼습니다. �유: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked"
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) �미 잠겼습니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:660
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not locked"
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) 잠기지 않았습니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:685
+msgid "working trees containing submodules cannot be moved or removed"
+msgstr "하위 모듈� �함� 작업 ��는 옮기거나 제거할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:712 builtin/worktree.c:852
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is a main working tree"
+msgstr "'%s'�(는) 메� 작업 ��입니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not figure out destination name from '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�서 대� �름� 찾� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "target '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "타게 '%s'�(가) �미 있습니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr "잠긴 작업 ��를 옮길 수 없습니다. 잠긴 �유: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:732
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree"
+msgstr "잠긴 작업 ��를 옮길 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:735
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot move working tree: %s"
+msgstr "유효성 검사� 실패하여, 작업 ��를 옮길 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:740
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to move '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) '%s'(으)로 옮기는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:788
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�서 'git status'를 실행하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:792
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is dirty, use --force to delete it"
+msgstr "'%s'�(가) 변경 �었습니다,  삭제하려면 --force를 사용하십시오"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:797
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s', code %d"
+msgstr "'%s'�서 'git status'를 실행하는� 실패했습니다,  코드 %d"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:808 builtin/worktree.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 삭제하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:834
+msgid "force removing even if the worktree is dirty"
+msgstr "작업트리� 변경사항� 있��� 강제로 제거합니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:856
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr "잠긴 작업 ��를 제거할 수 없습니다. 잠긴 �유: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:858
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree"
+msgstr "잠긴 작업 ��를 제거할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:861
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot remove working tree: %s"
+msgstr "유효성 검사� 실패하여, 작업 ��를 제거할 수 없습니다: %s"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:14
+msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
+msgstr "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<접�어>/]"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
+msgid "<prefix>/"
+msgstr "<접�어>/"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:28
+msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
+msgstr "하위 디렉터리 <접�어>� 대해 트리 오브�트를 �니다"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:31
+msgid "only useful for debugging"
+msgstr "디버깅 용�로만 사용"
+
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The permissions on your socket directory are too loose; other\n"
+"users may be able to read your cached credentials. Consider running:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
+msgstr ""
+"소켓 디렉터리� 권한� 너무 �슨합니다. 다른 사용�가\n"
+"�시� 들어 있는 비밀 정보를 �� 수 있습니다. 다�� 실행해 보십시오:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
+
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:271
+msgid "print debugging messages to stderr"
+msgstr "디버깅 메시지를 표준오류로 출력합니다"
+
+#: git.c:27
+msgid ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--"
+"bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]\n"
+"           <command> [<args>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C <경로>] [-c <�름>=<값>]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=<경로>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--"
+"bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=<경로>] [--work-tree=<경로>] [--namespace=<�름>]\n"
+"           <명령> [<��>]"
+
+#: git.c:34
+msgid ""
+"'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some\n"
+"concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
+"to read about a specific subcommand or concept."
+msgstr ""
+"'git help -a' � 'git help -g' 명령� 실행하면 하위 명령어와 개� 설명서�\n"
+"목�� 볼 수 있습니다. 특정 하위 명령어나 개�� 대해 �어 보려면 'git help\n"
+"<명령>' �는 'git help <개�>' 명령� 실행하십시오."
+
+#: git.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --git-dir\n"
+msgstr "--git-dir� 대한 주어진 디렉터리가 없습니다\n"
+
+#: git.c:187
+#, c-format
+msgid "no namespace given for --namespace\n"
+msgstr "--namespace� 대한 주어진 네임 스페�스가 없습니다\n"
+
+#: git.c:201
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --work-tree\n"
+msgstr "--work-tree� 대한 주어진 디렉터리가 없습니다\n"
+
+#: git.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "no prefix given for --super-prefix\n"
+msgstr "--super-prefix� 대한 접�어가 주어지지 않았습니다\n"
+
+#: git.c:237
+#, c-format
+msgid "-c expects a configuration string\n"
+msgstr "-c는 옵션�는 설정 문�열� 와야 합니다\n"
+
+#: git.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for -C\n"
+msgstr "-C 옵션� 주어진 디렉터리가 없습니다\n"
+
+#: git.c:300
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option: %s\n"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 옵션: %s\n"
+
+#: git.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid "expansion of alias '%s' failed; '%s' is not a git command\n"
+msgstr "별칭 '%s'� 확장� 실패했습니다. '%s'�(는) 깃 명령� 아닙니다\n"
+
+#: git.c:777
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run command '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "'%s'�(를) 여는� 실패: %s\n"
+
+#: http.c:348
+#, c-format
+msgid "negative value for http.postbuffer; defaulting to %d"
+msgstr "http.postbuffer� 0보다 작� 값입니다. 기본값 %d"
+
+# HTTP delegation
+#: http.c:369
+msgid "Delegation control is not supported with cURL < 7.22.0"
+msgstr "딜리게�션 컨트롤� cURL 7.44.0 앞 버전�서는 지�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: http.c:378
+msgid "Public key pinning not supported with cURL < 7.44.0"
+msgstr "공개 키 고정� cURL 7.44.0 앞 버전�서는 지�하지 않습니다"
+
+#: http.c:1854
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unable to update url base from redirection:\n"
+"  asked for: %s\n"
+"   redirect: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"리다�렉션�서 URL 베�스를 업��트할 수 없습니다:\n"
+"       요청: %s\n"
+" 리다�렉트: %s"
+
+#: remote-curl.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "redirecting to %s"
+msgstr "%s(으)로 리다�렉트"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:59
+msgid "args"
+msgstr "��"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:60
+msgid "object filtering"
+msgstr "오브�트 필터�"
+
+#: parse-options.h:157
+msgid "expiry-date"
+msgstr "만료-시�"
+
+#: parse-options.h:172
+msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
+msgstr "아무 �작� 하지 않� (호환용)"
+
+#: parse-options.h:251
+msgid "be more verbose"
+msgstr "� �세히 표시합니다"
+
+#: parse-options.h:253
+msgid "be more quiet"
+msgstr "� 간략히 표시합니다"
+
+#: parse-options.h:259
+msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
+msgstr "SHA-1 표시� <n>개� 숫�를 사용합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:50
+msgid "Add file contents to the index"
+msgstr "파� 내용� ��스� 추가합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:51
+msgid "Apply a series of patches from a mailbox"
+msgstr "메�함�서 연�� 패치를 �용합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:52
+msgid "Annotate file lines with commit information"
+msgstr "파� 줄마다 커밋 정보를 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:53
+msgid "Apply a patch to files and/or to the index"
+msgstr "패치를 파� �/�는 ��스� �용합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:54
+msgid "Import an Arch repository into Git"
+msgstr "arch 저장소를 깃 저장소로 가져옵니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:55
+msgid "Create an archive of files from a named tree"
+msgstr "지정한 트리� 들어 있는 파�� 아카�브를 만듭니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:56
+msgid "Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug"
+msgstr "�진 �색으로 버그를 만들어낸 커밋� 찾습니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:57
+msgid "Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file"
+msgstr "파� 줄마다 �� 마지막으로 수정한 리비전과 작성�를 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:58
+msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
+msgstr "브랜치를 만들거나, 삭제하거나, 목�� 출력합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:59
+msgid "Move objects and refs by archive"
+msgstr "아카�브 형태로 오브�트와 레�런스를 옮�니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:60
+msgid "Provide content or type and size information for repository objects"
+msgstr "저장소 오브�트� 대해 내용 �는 종류와 �기 정보를 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:61
+msgid "Display gitattributes information"
+msgstr "gitattributes 정보를 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:62
+msgid "Debug gitignore / exclude files"
+msgstr "gitignore / 제외할 파�� 디버깅합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:63
+msgid "Show canonical names and email addresses of contacts"
+msgstr "연�처� 전체 �름과 메� 주소를 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:64
+msgid "Switch branches or restore working tree files"
+msgstr "브랜치를 전환하거나 작업 파�� 복구합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:65
+msgid "Copy files from the index to the working tree"
+msgstr "��스� 파�� 작업 ��로 복사합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:66
+msgid "Ensures that a reference name is well formed"
+msgstr "레�런스 �름� 형�� 올바른지 확�합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:67
+msgid "Find commits yet to be applied to upstream"
+msgstr "업스트림� �용해야 할 커밋� 찾습니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:68
+msgid "Apply the changes introduced by some existing commits"
+msgstr "기존 커밋으로 발�한 변경 사항� �용합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:69
+msgid "Graphical alternative to git-commit"
+msgstr "git-commit� 그래픽 대체 버전"
+
+#: command-list.h:70
+msgid "Remove untracked files from the working tree"
+msgstr "작업 ���서 추��지 않는 파�� 제거합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:71
+msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
+msgstr "저장소를 복제해 새 디렉터리로 가져옵니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:72
+msgid "Display data in columns"
+msgstr "��터를 여러 열로 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:73
+msgid "Record changes to the repository"
+msgstr "바� 사항� 저장소� 기�합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:74
+msgid "Write and verify Git commit graph files"
+msgstr "깃 커밋 그래프 파�� 쓰고 확�합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:75
+msgid "Create a new commit object"
+msgstr "새 커밋 오브�트를 만듭니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:76
+msgid "Get and set repository or global options"
+msgstr "저장소 옵션 �는 전체 옵션� 보거나 설정합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:77
+msgid "Count unpacked number of objects and their disk consumption"
+msgstr "묶여지지 않� 오브�트� 개수 � 그 디스� 사용량� 측정합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:78
+msgid "Retrieve and store user credentials"
+msgstr "사용� 비밀 정보를 가져오고 저장합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:79
+msgid "Helper to temporarily store passwords in memory"
+msgstr "메모리� 임시로 암호 저장하는 �움 명령"
+
+#: command-list.h:80
+msgid "Helper to store credentials on disk"
+msgstr "비밀 정보를 디스�� 저장하는 �움 명령"
+
+#: command-list.h:81
+msgid "Export a single commit to a CVS checkout"
+msgstr "하나� 커밋� CVS 체�아웃으로 내보냅니다"
+
+# * "people love to hate" 번역� 전달하기 힘들고 빠져� 내용 문제가 없으므로 �략
+#: command-list.h:82
+msgid "Salvage your data out of another SCM people love to hate"
+msgstr "다른 소스 코드 관리 시스템�서 ��터 가져오기"
+
+#: command-list.h:83
+msgid "A CVS server emulator for Git"
+msgstr "깃용 CVS 서버 �뮬레�터"
+
+#: command-list.h:84
+msgid "A really simple server for Git repositories"
+msgstr "깃 저장소� 대한 아주 간단한 서버"
+
+#: command-list.h:85
+msgid "Give an object a human readable name based on an available ref"
+msgstr "사용 가능한 레�런스를 기준으로 오브�트� �� 수 있는 �름� 부여합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:86
+msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
+msgstr "커밋과 커밋 사�, 커밋과 작업 내용 사� 등� 바� �� 봅니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:87
+msgid "Compares files in the working tree and the index"
+msgstr "작업 ��와 ��스� 파�� 비�합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:88
+msgid "Compare a tree to the working tree or index"
+msgstr "트리를 작업 ��나 ��스와 비�합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:89
+msgid "Compares the content and mode of blobs found via two tree objects"
+msgstr "� 개� 트리 오브�트� 있는 내용과 블롭� 모드를 비�합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:90
+msgid "Show changes using common diff tools"
+msgstr "�반�� diff �구를 사용해 변경 사항� 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:91
+msgid "Git data exporter"
+msgstr "깃 ��터 내보내기"
+
+#: command-list.h:92
+msgid "Backend for fast Git data importers"
+msgstr "고� 깃 ��터 가져오기 백엔드"
+
+#: command-list.h:93
+msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
+msgstr "다른 저장소�서 오브�트와 레�런스를 다운로드합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:94
+msgid "Receive missing objects from another repository"
+msgstr "다른 저장소�서 없는 오브�트를 다운로드합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:95
+msgid "Rewrite branches"
+msgstr "리모트 브랜치"
+
+#: command-list.h:96
+msgid "Produce a merge commit message"
+msgstr "병합 커밋 메시지를 만듭니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:97
+msgid "Output information on each ref"
+msgstr "� 레�런스� 정보를 출력합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:98
+msgid "Prepare patches for e-mail submission"
+msgstr "메� 제출 용�로 패치를 준비합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:99
+msgid "Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database"
+msgstr "연결� 확�하고 ��터베�스� 오브�트가 올바른지 확�합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:100
+msgid "Cleanup unnecessary files and optimize the local repository"
+msgstr "불필요한 파�� 지우고 로컬 저장소를 최�화합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:101
+msgid "Extract commit ID from an archive created using git-archive"
+msgstr "git-archive로 만든 아카�브�서 커밋 ID를 추출합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:102
+msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
+msgstr "패턴과 �치하는 줄� 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:103
+msgid "A portable graphical interface to Git"
+msgstr "깃� �터블 그래픽 �터페�스"
+
+#: command-list.h:104
+msgid "Compute object ID and optionally creates a blob from a file"
+msgstr "오브�트 ID를 계산하고 선��으로 파�� 블롭� 만듭니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:105
+msgid "Display help information about Git"
+msgstr "깃� �움� 정보를 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:106
+msgid "Server side implementation of Git over HTTP"
+msgstr "깃 HTTP 프로토콜� 서버측 구현"
+
+#: command-list.h:107
+msgid "Download from a remote Git repository via HTTP"
+msgstr "�격 깃 저장소�서 HTTP를 통해 다운로드합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:108
+msgid "Push objects over HTTP/DAV to another repository"
+msgstr "오브�트를 HTTP/DAV를 통해 다른 저장소로 푸시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:109
+msgid "Send a collection of patches from stdin to an IMAP folder"
+msgstr "표준입력�서 패치 모�� �어 IMAP ��로 보냅니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:110
+msgid "Build pack index file for an existing packed archive"
+msgstr "기존 묶� 아카�브� 대한 묶� ��스 파�� 만듭니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:111
+msgid "Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
+msgstr "빈 깃 저장소를 만들거나 기존 저장소를 다시 초기화합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:112
+msgid "Instantly browse your working repository in gitweb"
+msgstr "내 작업 저장소를 gitweb�서 즉시 살펴봅니다"
+
+# * "Signed-off-by: name" 같� 정보를 �한다
+#: command-list.h:113
+msgid "add or parse structured information in commit messages"
+msgstr "커밋 메시지� 구조화� 정보를 추가하거나 정보를 파싱합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:114
+msgid "The Git repository browser"
+msgstr "깃 저장소 살펴보기"
+
+#: command-list.h:115
+msgid "Show commit logs"
+msgstr "커밋 기�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:116
+msgid "Show information about files in the index and the working tree"
+msgstr "��스와 작업 ��� 파�� 대한 정보를 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:117
+msgid "List references in a remote repository"
+msgstr "�격 저장소� 레�런스를 열거합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:118
+msgid "List the contents of a tree object"
+msgstr "트리 오브�트� 내용� 열거합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:119
+msgid "Extracts patch and authorship from a single e-mail message"
+msgstr "하나� 메� 메시지�서 패치와 작성� 정보를 뽑아냅니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:120
+msgid "Simple UNIX mbox splitter program"
+msgstr "간단한 유닉스 mbox 쪼개기 프로그램"
+
+#: command-list.h:121
+msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
+msgstr "여러 개� 개발 내역� 하나로 합칩니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:122
+msgid "Find as good common ancestors as possible for a merge"
+msgstr "병합� 사용할 최선� 공통 과거 커밋� 찾습니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:123
+msgid "Run a three-way file merge"
+msgstr "3-방향 파� 병합� 실행합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:124
+msgid "Run a merge for files needing merging"
+msgstr "병합� 필요한 파�� 대해 병합� 실행합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:125
+msgid "The standard helper program to use with git-merge-index"
+msgstr "git-merge-index와 같� 사용하는 기본 �움 프로그램"
+
+#: command-list.h:126
+msgid "Run merge conflict resolution tools to resolve merge conflicts"
+msgstr "병합 충� �황�서 병합 충� 해결 �구를 실행합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:127
+msgid "Show three-way merge without touching index"
+msgstr "��스를 바꾸지 않고 3-방향 병합� 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:128
+msgid "Creates a tag object"
+msgstr "태그 오브�트를 만듭니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:129
+msgid "Build a tree-object from ls-tree formatted text"
+msgstr "ls-tree �맷� �스트�서 tree-object를 만듭니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:130
+msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
+msgstr "파�, 디렉터리, 심볼릭 ��를 옮기거나 �름� 바꿉니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:131
+msgid "Find symbolic names for given revs"
+msgstr "주어진 리비전� 대한 심볼 �름� 찾습니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:132
+msgid "Add or inspect object notes"
+msgstr "오브�트 노트를 추가하거나 살펴봅니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:133
+msgid "Import from and submit to Perforce repositories"
+msgstr "Perforce 저장소�서 가져오거나 저장소로 제출합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:134
+msgid "Create a packed archive of objects"
+msgstr "오브�트� 묶� 아카�브를 만듭니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:135
+msgid "Find redundant pack files"
+msgstr "중복� 묶� 파�� 찾습니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:136
+msgid "Pack heads and tags for efficient repository access"
+msgstr "효율�� 저장소 접근� 위해 헤드와 태그를 묶습니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:137
+msgid "Routines to help parsing remote repository access parameters"
+msgstr "�격 저장소 접근 파�미터를 파싱하는� 사용하는 공통 기능"
+
+#: command-list.h:138
+msgid "Compute unique ID for a patch"
+msgstr "패치� 대한 유�한 ID를 계산합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:139
+msgid "Prune all unreachable objects from the object database"
+msgstr "오브�트 ��터베�스�서 �달할 수 없는 오브�트를 모� 잘�냅니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:140
+msgid "Remove extra objects that are already in pack files"
+msgstr "묶� 파�� �미 들어 있는 오브�트를 추가로 제거합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:141
+msgid "Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch"
+msgstr "다른 저장소 �는 다른 로컬 브랜치�서 가져오거나 통합합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:142
+msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
+msgstr "�격 레�런스 � 그와 관련� 오브�트를 업��트합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:143
+msgid "Applies a quilt patchset onto the current branch"
+msgstr "현재 브랜치� quilt 패치 모�� �용합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:144
+msgid "Reads tree information into the index"
+msgstr "트리 정보를 ��스로 �습니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:145
+msgid "Reapply commits on top of another base tip"
+msgstr "커밋� 다른 베�스 �� 최�위�서 �용합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:146
+msgid "Receive what is pushed into the repository"
+msgstr "저장소� 푸시한 내용� 받습니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:147
+msgid "Manage reflog information"
+msgstr "reflog 정보를 관리합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:148
+msgid "Manage set of tracked repositories"
+msgstr "추�하는 저장소 모�� 관리합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:149
+msgid "Pack unpacked objects in a repository"
+msgstr "저장소� 묶여지지 않� 오브�트를 묶습니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:150
+msgid "Create, list, delete refs to replace objects"
+msgstr "오브�트를 바꾸는 레�런스를 만들거나, 표시하거나, 삭제합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:151
+msgid "Generates a summary of pending changes"
+msgstr "예정� 변경 사항� 요약� 만듭니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:152
+msgid "Reuse recorded resolution of conflicted merges"
+msgstr "충�하는 병합� 기�� 해결 방법� 다시 사용합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:153
+msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
+msgstr "현재 HEAD를 지정한 �태로 재설정화합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:154
+msgid "Revert some existing commits"
+msgstr "기존 커밋� ��립니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:155
+msgid "Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order"
+msgstr "시간 반대 순서� 따� 커밋 오브�트를 열거합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:156
+msgid "Pick out and massage parameters"
+msgstr "파�미터를 찾아내서 조정합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:157
+msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
+msgstr "파�� 작업 ���서 제거하고 ��스�서� 제거합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:158
+msgid "Send a collection of patches as emails"
+msgstr "패치 모�� 메�로 보냅니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:159
+msgid "Push objects over Git protocol to another repository"
+msgstr "오브�트를 깃 프로토콜� 통해 다른 저장소로 푸시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:160
+msgid "Restricted login shell for Git-only SSH access"
+msgstr "깃만 사용하는 SSH 접근� 필요한 제한� 로그� 셸"
+
+#: command-list.h:161
+msgid "Summarize 'git log' output"
+msgstr "'git log' 출력� 요약합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:162
+msgid "Show various types of objects"
+msgstr "여러가지 종류� 오브�트를 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:163
+msgid "Show branches and their commits"
+msgstr "브랜치 목�과 그 커밋� 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:164
+msgid "Show packed archive index"
+msgstr "묶여진 아카�브 ��스를 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:165
+msgid "List references in a local repository"
+msgstr "로컬 저장소� 레�런스를 열거합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:166
+msgid "Git's i18n setup code for shell scripts"
+msgstr "셸 스�립트를 위한 깃� 국제화 준비 코드"
+
+#: command-list.h:167
+msgid "Common Git shell script setup code"
+msgstr "공통 깃 셸 스�립트 준비 코드"
+
+#: command-list.h:168
+msgid "Stash the changes in a dirty working directory away"
+msgstr "작업 ��� 변경 사항� 임시로 다른 곳� 저장합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:169
+msgid "Add file contents to the staging area"
+msgstr "파� 내용� 스테�징 �역� 추가합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:170
+msgid "Show the working tree status"
+msgstr "작업 �� �태를 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:171
+msgid "Remove unnecessary whitespace"
+msgstr "불필요한 공백 문�를 제거합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:172
+msgid "Initialize, update or inspect submodules"
+msgstr "하위 모듈� 초기화하거나, 업��트하거나, 조사합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:173
+msgid "Bidirectional operation between a Subversion repository and Git"
+msgstr "서브버전 저장소와 깃 사�� 양방향 �작"
+
+#: command-list.h:174
+msgid "Read, modify and delete symbolic refs"
+msgstr "심볼릭 레�런스를 �고, 수정하고, 삭제합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:175
+msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
+msgstr "태그를 만들거나, 표시하거나, 삭제하거나, GPG 서명� 검�합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:176
+msgid "Creates a temporary file with a blob's contents"
+msgstr "블롭� 내용으로 임시 파�� 만듭니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:177
+msgid "Unpack objects from a packed archive"
+msgstr "묶� 아카�브�서 오브�트를 풀어냅니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:178
+msgid "Register file contents in the working tree to the index"
+msgstr "작업 ���서 파� 내용� ��스� 등�합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:179
+msgid "Update the object name stored in a ref safely"
+msgstr "레�런스� 저장� 오브�트 �름� 안전하게 업��트합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:180
+msgid "Update auxiliary info file to help dumb servers"
+msgstr "단순 서버� �움� 주�� 보조 정보 파�� 업��트합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:181
+msgid "Send archive back to git-archive"
+msgstr "아카�브를 다시 git-archive로 보냅니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:182
+msgid "Send objects packed back to git-fetch-pack"
+msgstr "묶� 오브�트를 다시 git-fetch-pack으로 보냅니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:183
+msgid "Show a Git logical variable"
+msgstr "깃� 논리� 변수를 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:184
+msgid "Check the GPG signature of commits"
+msgstr "커밋� GPG 서명� 확�합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:185
+msgid "Validate packed Git archive files"
+msgstr "묶� 깃 아카�브 파�� 검�합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:186
+msgid "Check the GPG signature of tags"
+msgstr "태그� GPG 서명� 확�합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:187
+msgid "Git web interface (web frontend to Git repositories)"
+msgstr "깃 웹 �터페�스 (깃 저장소� 대한 웹 프론트엔드)"
+
+#: command-list.h:188
+msgid "Show logs with difference each commit introduces"
+msgstr "� 커밋으로 발�하는 차��마다 기�� 표시합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:189
+msgid "Manage multiple working trees"
+msgstr "여러 개� 작업 ��를 관리합니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:190
+msgid "Create a tree object from the current index"
+msgstr "현재 ��스�서 트리 오브�트를 만듭니다"
+
+#: command-list.h:191
+msgid "Defining attributes per path"
+msgstr "경로마다 �성 정�하기"
+
+#: command-list.h:192
+msgid "Git command-line interface and conventions"
+msgstr "깃 명령행 �터페�스 � 관습"
+
+#: command-list.h:193
+msgid "A Git core tutorial for developers"
+msgstr "개발�를 위한 깃 핵심 따�하기 문서"
+
+#: command-list.h:194
+msgid "Git for CVS users"
+msgstr "CVS 사용�를 위한 깃"
+
+#: command-list.h:195
+msgid "Tweaking diff output"
+msgstr "diff 출력 미세 조정"
+
+#: command-list.h:196
+msgid "A useful minimum set of commands for Everyday Git"
+msgstr "매�매� 유용하게 사용할 최소한� 깃 명령어 모�"
+
+#: command-list.h:197
+msgid "A Git Glossary"
+msgstr "깃 용어 사전"
+
+#: command-list.h:198
+msgid "Hooks used by Git"
+msgstr "깃�서 사용하는 후�"
+
+#: command-list.h:199
+msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
+msgstr "���으로 추�하지 않는 파�� 무시하게 지정하기"
+
+#: command-list.h:200
+msgid "Defining submodule properties"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 �성 정�하기"
+
+#: command-list.h:201
+msgid "Git namespaces"
+msgstr "깃 네임스페�스"
+
+#: command-list.h:202
+msgid "Git Repository Layout"
+msgstr "깃 저장소 구조"
+
+#: command-list.h:203
+msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
+msgstr "깃� 리비전 � 범위를 지정하기"
+
+#: command-list.h:204
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git: part two"
+msgstr "깃 따�하기 안내서: 2부"
+
+#: command-list.h:205
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git"
+msgstr "깃 따�하기 안내서"
+
+#: command-list.h:206
+msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
+msgstr "추천하는 깃 활용 작업 순서� 개요"
+
+#: rerere.h:40
+msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
+msgstr "가능하면 ��스를 재사용한 충� 해결로 업��트합니다"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
+msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
+msgstr "\"git bisect start\" 명령으로 시작해야 합니다"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:60
+msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "지금 하시겠습니까 [Y/n]? "
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:121
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 옵션: '$arg'"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:125
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
+msgstr "'$arg'�(는) 올바른 리비전처럼 보�지 않습니다"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:154
+msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
+msgstr "잘못� HEAD - HEAD가 필요합니다"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:167
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <valid-branch>'."
+msgstr ""
+"'$start_head' 받아오기가 실패했습니다. 'git bisect reset <valid-branch>'를 "
+"해 보십시오."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:177
+msgid "won't bisect on cg-seek'ed tree"
+msgstr "cg-seek한 트리�서 bisect를 할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:181
+msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
+msgstr "잘못� HEAD - 심볼릭 레�런스가 잘못�었습니다"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:233
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
+msgstr "잘못� bisect_write ��: $state"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:246
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
+msgstr "잘못� 리비전 입력: $arg"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:265
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $bisected_head"
+msgstr "잘못� 리비전 입력: $bisected_head"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:274
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
+msgstr "잘못� 리비전 입력: $rev"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:283
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' can take only one argument."
+msgstr "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' 명령� 하나� ��만 쓸 수 있습니다."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:306
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a $TERM_BAD commit."
+msgstr "경고: 하나� $TERM_BAD 커밋� 대해서만 �등분."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:312
+msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "확실합니까 [Y/n]? "
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:324
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You need to give me at least one $bad_syn and one $good_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
+msgstr ""
+"최소한 하나� $bad_syn � 하나� $good_syn 리비전� 넘겨야 합니다.\n"
+"(\"git bisect $bad_syn\" � \"git bisect $good_syn\" 명령� 실행하면 �니다.)"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:327
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
+"You then need to give me at least one $good_syn and one $bad_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
+msgstr ""
+"\"git bisect start\"를 실행해야 합니다.\n"
+"그 다� 최소한 하나� $good_syn � 하나� $bad_syn 리비전� 넘겨야 합니다\n"
+"(\"git bisect $bad_syn\" � \"git bisect $good_syn\" 명령� 실행하면 �니다.)"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:398 git-bisect.sh:512
+msgid "We are not bisecting."
+msgstr "�등분하는 중입니다."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:405
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
+msgstr "'$invalid'�(는) 올바른 커밋� 아닙니다"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:414
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
+"Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
+msgstr ""
+"본래� HEAD '$branch'�(를) 체�아웃할 수 없습니다.\n"
+"'git bisect reset <커밋>'� 해 보십시오"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:422
+msgid "No logfile given"
+msgstr "로그 파�� 주어지지 않았습니다"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:423
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
+msgstr "다시 재�할 $file 파�� �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:444
+msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
+msgstr "?? 무슨 소리�지 모르겠습니다?"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:453
+msgid "bisect run failed: no command provided."
+msgstr "�등분 실행� 실패했습니다: 주어진 명령어가 없습니다."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:458
+#, sh-format
+msgid "running $command"
+msgstr "실행: $command"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:465
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"exit code $res from '$command' is < 0 or >= 128"
+msgstr ""
+"�등분 실행� 실패했습니다:\n"
+"'$command' 명령�서 �태 코드 '$res'�(가) 0보다 작거나 128보다 �니다"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:491
+msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
+msgstr "�등분 실행� 계� 할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:497
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"'bisect_state $state' exited with error code $res"
+msgstr ""
+"�등분 실행� 실패했습니다:\n"
+"'bisect_state $state' 명령�서 �태 코드가 '$res'입니다"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:504
+msgid "bisect run success"
+msgstr "�등분 실행 성공"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:533
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Invalid command: you're currently in a $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD bisect."
+msgstr "잘못� 명령어: 현재 $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD �등분 중입니다."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:567
+msgid "no terms defined"
+msgstr "용어를 정�하지 않았습니다"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:584
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"invalid argument $arg for 'git bisect terms'.\n"
+"Supported options are: --term-good|--term-old and --term-bad|--term-new."
+msgstr ""
+"'git bisect terms'� 대해 잘못� �� '$arg'.\n"
+"지�하는 옵션�: --term-good|--term-old � --term-bad|--term-new."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:46
+msgid ""
+"Error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by "
+"merge"
+msgstr "오류: 다� 파�� 로컬 변경 사항� 병합 때문� �어 쓰게 �니다."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:61
+msgid "Automated merge did not work."
+msgstr "�� 병합� �작하지 않았습니다."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:62
+msgid "Should not be doing an octopus."
+msgstr "옥토�스 전략 병합� 할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:73
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find common commit with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "$pretty_name(으)로 공통 커밋� 찾� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:77
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Already up to date with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "�미 $pretty_name� 업��트 �태입니다"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding to: $pretty_name"
+msgstr "다�으로 정방향 진행: $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:97
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Trying simple merge with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "$pretty_name� 간단한 병합 시�합니다"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:102
+msgid "Simple merge did not work, trying automatic merge."
+msgstr "간단한 병합� �작하지 않습니다. �� 병합� 시�합니다."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:61
+msgid ""
+"Resolve all conflicts manually, mark them as resolved with\n"
+"\"git add/rm <conflicted_files>\", then run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"You can instead skip this commit: run \"git rebase --skip\".\n"
+"To abort and get back to the state before \"git rebase\", run \"git rebase --"
+"abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"모든 충�� 수�으로 해결하고, 모� \"git add/rm <충�_파�>\" 명령으로\n"
+"해결했다고 표시하고, \"git rebase --continue\" 명령� 실행하십시오. � 패치"
+"를\n"
+"건너뛰려면, 대신� \"git rebase --skip\" 명령� 실행하십시오. 리베�스를\n"
+"중지하고 \"git rebase\" 명령 전� �래 �태로 �아가려면, \"git rebase --"
+"abort\"\n"
+"명령� 실행하십시오."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:173 git-rebase.sh:442
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
+msgstr "'$head_name' 위치로 �아갈 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:184
+msgid "Applied autostash."
+msgstr "��스태시 �용."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:187
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot store $stash_sha1"
+msgstr "\"$stash_sha1\"�(를) 저장할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:229
+msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
+msgstr "리베�스 전 후��서 리베�스를 거부했습니다."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:234
+msgid "It looks like 'git am' is in progress. Cannot rebase."
+msgstr "'git am'� 진행 중� 것처럼 보입니다. 리베�스할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:403
+msgid "No rebase in progress?"
+msgstr "리베�스가 진행 중�지 않습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:414
+msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
+msgstr "--edit-todo �작� 대화형 리베�스�서만 사용할 수 있습니다."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:421
+msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "HEAD를 �� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:424
+msgid ""
+"You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
+"mark them as resolved using git add"
+msgstr ""
+"모든 병합 충�� 편집하고 git add\n"
+"명령으로 해결�었다고 표시해야 합니다"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:468
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
+"I wonder if you are in the middle of another rebase.  If that is the\n"
+"case, please try\n"
+"\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
+"If that is not the case, please\n"
+"\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
+"and run me again.  I am stopping in case you still have something\n"
+"valuable there."
+msgstr ""
+"�미 '$state_dir_base' 디렉터리가 있는 것으로 보아, �미\n"
+"� 다른 리베�스 중� 있는 것 같습니다. 그러한 경우�는\n"
+"다�� 시�해 보십시오:\n"
+"\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
+"리베�스 중� 아니�면 다�� 시�하고,\n"
+"\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
+"� 명령� 다시 실행하십시오. 중요한 사항� 남아 있� 경우를\n"
+"대비해 여기서 멈춥니다."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:509
+msgid "error: cannot combine '--signoff' with '--preserve-merges'"
+msgstr ""
+"오류: '--signoff' 옵션과 '--preserve-merges' 옵션� 같� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:537
+#, sh-format
+msgid "invalid upstream '$upstream_name'"
+msgstr "잘못� 업스트림 '$upstream_name'"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:561
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
+msgstr "$onto_name: 여러 개� 병합 베�스가 있습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:564 git-rebase.sh:568
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
+msgstr "$onto_name: 병합 베�스가 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:573
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
+msgstr "올바른 커밋� 가리키지 않습니다: $onto_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:599
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: no such branch/commit '$branch_name'"
+msgstr "치명� ��: 그런 브랜치/커밋� 없습니다 '$branch_name'"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:632
+msgid "Cannot autostash"
+msgstr "�� 스태시를 할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:637
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Created autostash: $stash_abbrev"
+msgstr "�� 스태시를 만들었습니다: $stash_abbrev"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:641
+msgid "Please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "커밋하거나 스태시� 넣으십시오."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:664
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date."
+msgstr "HEAD가 최신 �태입니다."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:666
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
+msgstr "현재 브랜치가 ($branch_name) 최신 �태입니다."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:674
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr "HEAD가 최신 �태입니다. 강제 리베�스합니다."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:676
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr "현재 브랜치가 ($branch_name) 최신 �태입니다. 강제 리베�스합니다."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:688
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
+msgstr "변경 사항 '$mb'�서 '$onto'(으)로:"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:697
+msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
+msgstr "작업 사항� 다시 넣기 위해 먼저 헤드를 뒤로 �립니다..."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:707
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
+msgstr "$branch_name 브랜치를 $onto_name 위치로 정방향 진행합니다."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:61
+msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
+msgstr "git stash clear 명령� 파�미터와 같� 쓰기는 구현�지 않았습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:108
+msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
+msgstr "아� 최초 커밋� 없습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:123
+msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
+msgstr "현재 ��스 �태를 저장할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:138
+msgid "Cannot save the untracked files"
+msgstr "추�하지 않는 파�� 저장할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:158 git-stash.sh:171
+msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
+msgstr "현재 작업 �� �태를 저장할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:175
+msgid "No changes selected"
+msgstr "변경 사항� 선�하지 않았습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:178
+msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
+msgstr "임시 ��스를 제거할 수 없습니다 (�어날 수 없는 �황)"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:191
+msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
+msgstr "작업 �� �태를 기�할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:229
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot update $ref_stash with $w_commit"
+msgstr "$ref_stash�(를) $w_commit(으)로 업��트할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:281
+#, sh-format
+msgid "error: unknown option for 'stash push': $option"
+msgstr "오류: 'stash push'� 대해 알 수 없는 옵션: $option"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:295
+msgid "Can't use --patch and --include-untracked or --all at the same time"
+msgstr ""
+"--patch 옵션과 --include-untracked �는 --all 옵션� �시� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:303
+msgid "No local changes to save"
+msgstr "저장할 로컬 변경 사항� 없습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:308
+msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
+msgstr "스태시를 초기화할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:312
+msgid "Cannot save the current status"
+msgstr "현재 �태를 저장할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:313
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Saved working directory and index state $stash_msg"
+msgstr "작업 ��와 $stash_msg ��스 �태를 저장했습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:342
+msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
+msgstr "작업�� 변경 사항� 제거할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:490
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unknown option: $opt"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 옵션: $opt"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:503
+msgid "No stash entries found."
+msgstr "스태시 항목� 없습니다."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:510
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
+msgstr "너무 많� 리비전� 지정했습니다: $REV"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:525
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$reference is not a valid reference"
+msgstr "$reference�(는) 올바른 레�런스가 아닙니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:553
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
+msgstr "'$args'�(는) 스태시 커밋� 아닙니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:564
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
+msgstr "'$args'�(는) 스태시 레�런스가 아닙니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:572
+msgid "unable to refresh index"
+msgstr "��스를 새로 고칠 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:576
+msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
+msgstr "병합 �중� 스태시를 �용할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:584
+msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
+msgstr "��스� 충�. --index 없� 시�해 보십시오."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:586
+msgid "Could not save index tree"
+msgstr "��스 트리를 저장할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:595
+msgid "Could not restore untracked files from stash entry"
+msgstr "스태시 항목�서 추�하지 않는 파�� 복구할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:620
+msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
+msgstr "수정한 파�� 스테�지�서 뺄 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:635
+msgid "Index was not unstashed."
+msgstr "��스가 스태시�서 빠졌습니다."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:649
+msgid "The stash entry is kept in case you need it again."
+msgstr "다시 필요할 때를 대비해 스태시 항목� 보관합니다."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:658
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
+msgstr "${REV} 지움 ($s)"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:659
+#, sh-format
+msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
+msgstr "${REV}: 스태시 항목� 지울 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:667
+msgid "No branch name specified"
+msgstr "브랜치 �름� 지정하지 않았습니다"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:746
+msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
+msgstr "(복구하려면 \"git stash apply\"를 실행하십시오)"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:188
+msgid "Relative path can only be used from the toplevel of the working tree"
+msgstr "�대 경로는 작업 ��� 최�위�서만 쓸 수 있습니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:198
+#, sh-format
+msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
+msgstr "저장소 URL: '$repo' 값� 절대 경로거나 ./ �는 ../로 시작해야 합니다."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:217
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
+msgstr "'$sm_path'�(는) �미 ��스� 있습니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:220
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index and is not a submodule"
+msgstr "'$sm_path'�(는) �미 ��스� 있고 하위 모듈� 아닙니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:226
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"Use -f if you really want to add it."
+msgstr ""
+"다� 경로는 .gitignore 파��서 무시합니다:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"정�로 추가하려면 -f 옵션� 사용하십시오."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:249
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
+msgstr "'$sm_path'� 기존 저장소를 ��스� 추가합니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:251
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
+msgstr "'$sm_path'�(가) �미 있고 올바른 git 저장소가 아닙니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:259
+#, sh-format
+msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
+msgstr "'$sm_name'� 대한 깃 디렉터리가 로컬�서 리모트가 있는 채로 있습니다:"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:261
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct "
+"repo\n"
+"or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
+"option."
+msgstr ""
+"� 로컬 깃 디렉터리를 다� 저장소�서 다시 복제하는 대신 다시 사용하려면,\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"'--force' 옵션� 사용하십시오. 로컬 깃 디렉터리가 올바른 저장소가 아니거나\n"
+"무슨 �미�지 잘 모르겠으면 '--name' 옵션으로 다른 �름� 선�하십시오."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:267
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
+msgstr "로컬 깃 디렉터리를 '$sm_name' 하위모듈로 다시 활성화합니다."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:279
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' 하위 모듈� 체�아웃할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:284
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' 하위 모듈� 추가하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:293
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' 하위 모듈� 등�하는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:354
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Entering '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "'$displaypath' 들어�"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:374
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopping at '$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgstr "'$displaypath'�서 멈춤. 스�립트가 0� 아닌 �태를 리턴함."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:600
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 경로�서 ('$displaypath') 현재 리비전� 찾� 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:610
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 경로 '$sm_path'�서 가져올 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:615
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to find current ${remote_name}/${branch} revision in submodule path "
+"'$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"하위 모듈 경로 '$sm_path'�서 현재 ${remote_name}/${branch} 리비전� 찾� 수 "
+"없습니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:633
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 경로 '$displaypath'�서 가져올 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:639
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Fetched in submodule path '$displaypath', but it did not contain $sha1. "
+"Direct fetching of that commit failed."
+msgstr ""
+"'$displaypath' 하위 모듈 경로�서 가져왔지만, $sha1 커밋� 들어있지 않습니"
+"다. � 커밋� �접 가져오는� 실패했습니다."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:646
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 경로 '$displaypath'�서 '$sha1'�(를) 체�아웃할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:647
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 경로 '$displaypath': '$sha1' 체�아웃"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:651
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 경로 '$displaypath'�서 '$sha1'�(를) 리베�스할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:652
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 경로 '$displaypath': '$sha1'(으)로 리베�스"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:657
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 경로 '$displaypath'�서 '$sha1' 병합할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:658
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 경로 '$displaypath': '$sha1'�서 병합"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:663
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "'$command $sha1' 실행� 하위 모듈 경로 '$displaypath'�서 실패했습니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:664
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': '$command $sha1'"
+msgstr "하위 모듈 경로 '$displaypath': '$command $sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:695
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "재귀�으로 하위 모듈 경로 '$displaypath'� 들어가는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:791
+msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
+msgstr "--cached 옵션� --files 옵션과 같� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
+msgstr "예�치 못한 모드 $mod_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:863
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgstr "  경고: '$display_name'� '$sha1_src' 커밋� 들어있지 않습니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:866
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  경고: '$display_name'� '$sha1_dst' 커밋� 들어있지 않습니다"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:869
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgstr ""
+"  경고: '$display_name'� '$sha1_src' � '$sha1_dst' 커밋� 들어있지 않습니다"
+
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "See git-${cmd}(1) for details."
+msgstr "�세한 정보는 git-${cmd}(1) 페�지를 참고하십시오."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:142
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Rebasing ($new_count/$total)"
+msgstr "리베�스중 ($new_count/$total)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:158
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Commands:\n"
+"p, pick <commit> = use commit\n"
+"r, reword <commit> = use commit, but edit the commit message\n"
+"e, edit <commit> = use commit, but stop for amending\n"
+"s, squash <commit> = use commit, but meld into previous commit\n"
+"f, fixup <commit> = like \"squash\", but discard this commit's log message\n"
+"x, exec <command> = run command (the rest of the line) using shell\n"
+"d, drop <commit> = remove commit\n"
+"l, label <label> = label current HEAD with a name\n"
+"t, reset <label> = reset HEAD to a label\n"
+"m, merge [-C <commit> | -c <commit>] <label> [# <oneline>]\n"
+".       create a merge commit using the original merge commit's\n"
+".       message (or the oneline, if no original merge commit was\n"
+".       specified). Use -c <commit> to reword the commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"명령어:\n"
+" p, pick = 커밋 사용\n"
+" r, reword = 커밋 사용하지만, 커밋 메시지 편집\n"
+" e, edit = 커밋 사용하지만, 커밋 수정(amend)� 위해 중단\n"
+" s, squash = 커밋 사용하지만, �전 커밋과 합치기\n"
+" f, fixup = \"squash\"와 같지만, � 커밋� 로그 메시지를 버림\n"
+" x, exec = 셸� 사용해 명령 실행 (뒤� 명령 지정)\n"
+" d, drop = 커밋 제거\n"
+" l, label <레�블> = 현재 HEAD� �름� 붙입니다\n"
+" t, reset <레�블> = HEAD를 레�블 위치로 리셋합니다\n"
+" m, merge [-C <커밋> | -c <커밋>] <레�블> [# <한줄>]\n"
+" .       본래 병합 커밋� 메시지를 �용해 병합 커밋� 만듭니다.\n"
+" .       (본래 병합 커밋� 지정하지 않는 경우, <한줄>� 메시지로\n"
+" .       사용합니다.) 커밋 메시지를 편집하려면 -c <커밋>� 사용.\n"
+"\n"
+"� 줄� 순서를 바꿀 수 있습니다. 위�서 아래 순서로 실행합니다.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:179
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Do not remove any line. Use 'drop' explicitly to remove a commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"줄� 제거하지 않습니다. 커밋� 제거하려면 명시�으로 'drop'� 사용하십시오.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:183
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"여기 줄� 제거하면 해당 커밋� 잃어버립니다!\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:221
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You can amend the commit now, with\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Once you are satisfied with your changes, run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"지금 다� 명령으로 커밋� 수정할 수 있습니다:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"변경 사항� 만족하면, 다�� 실행하십시오:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:246
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$sha1: not a commit that can be picked"
+msgstr "$sha1: 빼오기가 가능한 커밋� 아닙니다"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:285
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Invalid commit name: $sha1"
+msgstr "잘못� 커밋 �름: $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:325
+msgid "Cannot write current commit's replacement sha1"
+msgstr "현재 커밋� 대체 sha1� 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:376
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "정방향 진행, $sha1 위치로"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:378
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "$sha1 위치로 정방향 진행할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:387
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot move HEAD to $first_parent"
+msgstr "HEAD를 $first_parent 위치로 옮길 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:392
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Refusing to squash a merge: $sha1"
+msgstr "병합 squash 거부: $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:410
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Error redoing merge $sha1"
+msgstr "$sha1 병합� 다시 하는� 오류"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:419
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not pick $sha1"
+msgstr "$sha1� 빼오기 할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:428
+#, sh-format
+msgid "This is the commit message #${n}:"
+msgstr "커밋 메시지 #${n}번입니다:"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:433
+#, sh-format
+msgid "The commit message #${n} will be skipped:"
+msgstr "#${n}번째 커밋 메시지를 건너�니다:"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:444
+#, sh-format
+msgid "This is a combination of $count commit."
+msgid_plural "This is a combination of $count commits."
+msgstr[0] "커밋 $count개가 섞� 결과입니다."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:453
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot write $fixup_msg"
+msgstr "$fixup_msg를 쓸 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:456
+msgid "This is a combination of 2 commits."
+msgstr "커밋 2개가 섞� 결과입니다."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:497 git-rebase--interactive.sh:540
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:543
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
+msgstr "다�� �용할(apply) 수 없습니다: $sha1... $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:572
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not amend commit after successfully picking $sha1... $rest\n"
+"This is most likely due to an empty commit message, or the pre-commit hook\n"
+"failed. If the pre-commit hook failed, you may need to resolve the issue "
+"before\n"
+"you are able to reword the commit."
+msgstr ""
+"성공�으로 $sha1... $rest 커밋� 빼온 뒤� 커밋� 수정할 수 없습니다.\n"
+"대부분� 경우 빈 커밋 메시지 때문�거나, �는 커밋 전 후�가 실패했기\n"
+"때문입니다. 커밋 메시지를 수정하기 전� � 문제를 먼저 해결해야 합니다."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:587
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopped at $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+msgstr "다��서 멈춥니다: $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:602
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot '$squash_style' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "�전 커밋 없� '$squash_style' 수행할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:644
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Executing: $rest"
+msgstr "실행 중: $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:652
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Execution failed: $rest"
+msgstr "실행 실패: $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:654
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree"
+msgstr "그리고 ��스 그리고/�는 작업 ��� 변경 사항� 있습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:656
+msgid ""
+"You can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"문제를 바로잡고, 다�� 실행하십시오\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: after these lines is a command to be issued by the user
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:669
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Execution succeeded: $rest\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"실행 성공: $rest\n"
+"하지만 변경 사항� ��스 �/�는 작업 ��� 남겨둡니다.\n"
+"변경 사항� 커밋하거나 스태시� 넣으려면, 다�� 실행하십시오:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:680
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unknown command: $command $sha1 $rest"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 명령: $command $sha1 $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:681
+msgid "Please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "'git rebase --edit-todo' 명령으로 바로잡으십시오."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:716
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Successfully rebased and updated $head_name."
+msgstr "성공�으로 리베�스했고 $head_name 업��트했습니다."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:740
+msgid "could not detach HEAD"
+msgstr "HEAD는 분리할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:778
+msgid "Could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "CHERRY_PICK_HEAD를 제거할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:783
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You have staged changes in your working tree.\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be\n"
+"squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"작업 ��� 스테�징한 변경 사항� 있습니다.\n"
+"� 변경 사항� �전 커밋� 합치려면,\n"
+"다�� 실행하십시오:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"새 커밋으로 만드려면 다�� 실행하십시오:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"어떤 경우�든, 마친 다�� 다� 명령으로 계�합니다:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:800
+msgid "Error trying to find the author identity to amend commit"
+msgstr "커밋� 수정한 작성� 신�� 찾는� 오류"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:805
+msgid ""
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+"작업 ��� 커밋하지 않� 변경 사항� 있습니다. � 사항� 먼저\n"
+"커밋하고 'git rebase --continue' 명령� 다시 실행하십시오."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:810 git-rebase--interactive.sh:814
+msgid "Could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "스테�징한 변경 사항� 커밋할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:843
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.\n"
+"To continue rebase after editing, run:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"진행 중� 대화형 리베�스� TODO 파�� 편집하는 중입니다.\n"
+"편집 뒤� 리베�스를 계�하려면 다�� 실행하십시오:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:851 git-rebase--interactive.sh:937
+msgid "Could not execute editor"
+msgstr "편집기를 실행할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:872
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not checkout $switch_to"
+msgstr "$switch_to를 체�아웃할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:879
+msgid "No HEAD?"
+msgstr "HEAD가 없습니다?"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:880
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not create temporary $state_dir"
+msgstr "임시로 $state_dir 디렉터리를 만들 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:883
+msgid "Could not mark as interactive"
+msgstr "대화형으로 표시할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:915
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount command)"
+msgid_plural "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount commands)"
+msgstr[0] "리베�스 $shortrevisions, $shortonto 위로 (명령 $todocount개)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:920
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\tHowever, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.\n"
+"\n"
+"\t"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"하지만 모� 제거할 경우, 리베�스를 중지합니다.\n"
+"\n"
+"\t"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:927
+msgid "Note that empty commits are commented out"
+msgstr "단 빈 커밋� 주� 처리�었습니다."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:980
+msgid "Could not generate todo list"
+msgstr "할 � 목�� �성할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1001 git-rebase--interactive.sh:1006
+msgid "Could not init rewritten commits"
+msgstr "다시 작성� 커밋� 초기화할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:89 git-sh-setup.sh:94
+#, sh-format
+msgid "usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+msgstr "사용법: $dashless $USAGE"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:190
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot chdir to $cdup, the toplevel of the working tree"
+msgstr "$cdup 디렉터리로 (작업�� 최�위) ��할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:199 git-sh-setup.sh:206
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: $program_name cannot be used without a working tree."
+msgstr "치명�: $program_name� 작업 �� 없� 사용할 수 없습니다."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:220
+msgid "Cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "리베�스할 수 없습니다: 스테�징하지 않� 변경 사항� 있습니다."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:223
+msgid "Cannot rewrite branches: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "브랜치를 다시 쓸 수 없습니다: 스테�징하지 않� 변경 사항� 있습니다."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:226
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+"리베�스로 풀� 할 수 없습니다: 스테�징하지 않� 변경 사항� 있습니다."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:229
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot $action: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "$action 할 수 없습니다: 스테�징하지 않� 변경 사항� 있습니다."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:242
+msgid "Cannot rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "리베�스할 수 없습니다: ��스� 커밋하지 않� 변경 사항� 있습니다."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:245
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"리베�스로 풀� 할 수 없습니다: ��스� 커밋하지 않� 변경 사항� 있습니다."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:248
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot $action: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "$action 할 수 없습니다: ��스� 커밋하지 않� 변경 사항� 있습니다."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:252
+msgid "Additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "추가로, ��스� 커밋하지 않� 변경 사항� 있습니다."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:372
+msgid "You need to run this command from the toplevel of the working tree."
+msgstr "� 명령� 작업 ��� 최�위�서만 쓸 수 있습니다."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:377
+msgid "Unable to determine absolute path of git directory"
+msgstr "깃 디렉터리� 절대 경로를 알아낼 수 없습니다"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: you can adjust this to align "git add -i" status menu
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:196
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%12s %12s %s"
+msgstr "%12s %12s %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "staged"
+msgstr "스테�징"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "unstaged"
+msgstr "안스테�징"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:253 git-add--interactive.perl:278
+msgid "binary"
+msgstr "바�너리"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:262 git-add--interactive.perl:316
+msgid "nothing"
+msgstr "없�"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:298 git-add--interactive.perl:313
+msgid "unchanged"
+msgstr "안바뀜"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:609
+#, perl-format
+msgid "added %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "added %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "경로 %d개 추가\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:612
+#, perl-format
+msgid "updated %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "updated %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "경로 %d개 업��트\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:615
+#, perl-format
+msgid "reverted %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "reverted %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "경로 %d개 ��림\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:618
+#, perl-format
+msgid "touched %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "touched %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "경로 %d개 건드림\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:627
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "업��트"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:639
+msgid "Revert"
+msgstr "��리기"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:662
+#, perl-format
+msgid "note: %s is untracked now.\n"
+msgstr "주�: %s�(는) 현재 추�하지 않습니다.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:673
+msgid "Add untracked"
+msgstr "추�하지 않는 파� 추가"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:679
+msgid "No untracked files.\n"
+msgstr "추�하지 않는 파� 없�.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1033
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for staging."
+msgstr ""
+"패치가 깔�하게 �용�면, 편집 부분� 즉시 스테�징으로\n"
+"표시�니다."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1036
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for stashing."
+msgstr ""
+"패치가 깔�하게 �용�면, 편집 부분� 즉시 스태시�\n"
+"표시�니다."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1039
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for unstaging."
+msgstr ""
+"패치가 깔�하게 �용�면, 편집 부분� 즉시 스테�징 아님으로\n"
+"표시�니다."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1042 git-add--interactive.perl:1051
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for applying."
+msgstr ""
+"패치가 깔�하게 �용�면, 편집 부분� 즉시 �용으로\n"
+"표시�니다."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1045 git-add--interactive.perl:1048
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for discarding."
+msgstr ""
+"패치가 깔�하게 �용�면, 편집 부분� 즉시 버림으로\n"
+"표시�니다."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1085
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for writing: %s"
+msgstr "부분 편집 파�� 쓰기용으로 여는� 실패: '%s'"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1086
+msgid "Manual hunk edit mode -- see bottom for a quick guide.\n"
+msgstr "수� 부분 편집 모드 -- 빠른 설명� 맨 아래를 보십시오.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1092
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"---\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, delete them.\n"
+"Lines starting with %s will be removed.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"---\n"
+"'%s' 줄� 제거하려면, 줄� ' ' 줄로 만드십시오 (컨�스트).\n"
+"'%s' 줄� 제거하려면, 줄� 삭제하십시오..\n"
+"%s(으)로 시작하는 줄� 제거�니다\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: 'it' refers to the patch mentioned in the previous messages.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1100
+msgid ""
+"If it does not apply cleanly, you will be given an opportunity to\n"
+"edit again.  If all lines of the hunk are removed, then the edit is\n"
+"aborted and the hunk is left unchanged.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"깔�하게 �용�지 않으면, 다시 편집할 기회가 있습니다. 모든 줄� 제거할 경"
+"ìš°,\n"
+"편집� 중단�고 � 부분� 변경�지 않� �태로 남아있게 �니다.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1114
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for reading: %s"
+msgstr "부분 편집 파�� �기용으로 여는� 실패: '%s'"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: do not translate [y/n]
+#. The program will only accept that input
+#. at this point.
+#. Consider translating (saying "no" discards!) as
+#. (saying "n" for "no" discards!) if the translation
+#. of the word "no" does not start with n.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1213
+msgid ""
+"Your edited hunk does not apply. Edit again (saying \"no\" discards!) [y/n]? "
+msgstr ""
+"편집한 부분� �용�지 않습니다. 다시 편집하시겠습니까 (\"no\"�고 하면 버립"
+"니다!) [y/n]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1222
+msgid ""
+"y - stage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - � 부분 스테�징\n"
+"n - � 부분 스테�징하지 않�\n"
+"q - �내기. � 부분과 나머지 모� 스테�징하지 않�\n"
+"a - � 부분과 파�� 뒤 부분 모� 스테�징\n"
+"d - � 부분과 파�� 뒤 부분 모� 스테�징하지 않�"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1228
+msgid ""
+"y - stash this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stash this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stash this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stash this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stash this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - � 부분 스태시\n"
+"n - � 부분 스태시하지 않�\n"
+"q - �내기. � 부분과 나머지 모� 스태시하지 않�\n"
+"a - � 부분과 파�� 뒤 부분 모� 스태시\n"
+"d - � 부분과 파�� 뒤 부분 모� 스태시하지 않�"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1234
+msgid ""
+"y - unstage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not unstage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not unstage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - unstage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not unstage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - � 부분 스테�징 해제\n"
+"n - � 부분 스테�징 해제하지 않�\n"
+"q - �내기. � 부분과 나머지 모� 스테�징 해제하지 않�\n"
+"a - � 부분과 파�� 뒤 부분 모� 스테�징 해제\n"
+"d - � 부분과 파�� 뒤 부분 모� 스테�징 해제하지 않�"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1240
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - � 부분 ��스� �용\n"
+"n - � 부분 ��스� �용하지 않�\n"
+"q - �내기. � 부분과 나머지 모� �용하지 않�\n"
+"a - � 부분과 파�� 뒤 부분 모� \n"
+"d - � 부분과 파�� 뒤 부분 모� �용하지 않�"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1246
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - � 부분 작업 ���서 버림\n"
+"n - � 부분 작업 ���서 버리지 않�\n"
+"q - �내기. � 부분과 나머지 모� 버리지 않�\n"
+"a - � 부분과 파�� 뒤 부분 모� 버림\n"
+"d - � 부분과 파�� 뒤 부분 모� 버리지 않�"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1252
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - � 부분 ��스와 작업 ���서 버림\n"
+"n - � 부분 ��스와 작업 ���서 버리지 않�\n"
+"q - �내기. � 부분과 나머지 모� 버리지 않�\n"
+"a - � 부분과 파�� 뒤 부분 모� 버림\n"
+"d - � 부분과 파�� 뒤 부분 모� 버리지 않�"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1258
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - � 부분 ��스와 작업 ��� �용\n"
+"n - � 부분 ��스와 작업 ��� �용하지 않�\n"
+"q - �내기. � 부분과 나머지 모� �용하지 않�\n"
+"a - � 부분과 파�� 뒤 부분 모� \n"
+"d - � 부분과 파�� 뒤 부분 모� �용하지 않�"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1273
+msgid ""
+"g - select a hunk to go to\n"
+"/ - search for a hunk matching the given regex\n"
+"j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk\n"
+"J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk\n"
+"k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk\n"
+"K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk\n"
+"s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks\n"
+"e - manually edit the current hunk\n"
+"? - print help\n"
+msgstr ""
+"g - ��할 부분 선�\n"
+"/ - 주어진 정규�� 맞는 부분 검색\n"
+"j - � 부분 미결정 �태로 남겨�고, 다� 미결정 부분 보기\n"
+"J - � 부분 미결정 �태로 남겨�고, 다� 부분 보기\n"
+"k - � 부분 미결정 �태로 남겨�고, �전 미결정 부분 보기\n"
+"K - � 부분 미결정 �태로 남겨�고, �전 부분 보기\n"
+"s - 현재 부분� 작� 부분� 쪼개기\n"
+"e - 현재 부분� 수�으로 편집\n"
+"? - �움� 보기\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1304
+msgid "The selected hunks do not apply to the index!\n"
+msgstr "선�한 부분� ��스� �용�지 않습니다!\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1305
+msgid "Apply them to the worktree anyway? "
+msgstr "그래� 작업 ��� �용할까요?"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1308
+msgid "Nothing was applied.\n"
+msgstr "아무 것� �용�지 않았습니다.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1319
+#, perl-format
+msgid "ignoring unmerged: %s\n"
+msgstr "병합하지 않� 사항 무시: %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1328
+msgid "Only binary files changed.\n"
+msgstr "바�너리 파�만 바뀌었습니다.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1330
+msgid "No changes.\n"
+msgstr "변경 사항 없�.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1338
+msgid "Patch update"
+msgstr "패치 업��트"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1390
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "모드 변경� 스테�징합니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1391
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "삭제를 스테�징합니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1392
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "� 부분 스테�징합니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1395
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "모드 변경 스태시합니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1396
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "삭제 스태시합니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1397
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "� 부분 스태시합니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1400
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "모드 변경� 스테�지 해제합니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1401
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "삭제를 스테�지 해제합니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1402
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "� 부분� 스테�지 해제합니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1405
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "모드 변경� ��스� �용합니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1406
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "삭제를 ��스� �용합니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1407
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "� 부분� ��스� �용합니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1410
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "모드 변경� 작업 ���서 버립니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1411
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "삭제를 작업 ���서 버립니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1412
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "� 부분� 작업 ���서 버립니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1415
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "모드 변경� ��스와 작업 ���서 버립니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1416
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "삭제를 ��스와 작업 ���서 버립니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1417
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "� 부분� ��스와 작업 ���서 버립니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1420
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "모드 변경� ��스와 작업 ��� �용합니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1421
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "삭제를 ��스와 작업 ��� �용합니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1422
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "� 부분� ��스와 작업 ��� �용합니까 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1522
+msgid "No other hunks to goto\n"
+msgstr "��할 부분� 없습니다\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1529
+msgid "go to which hunk (<ret> to see more)? "
+msgstr "어� 부분으로 ��합니까 (� 보려면 <ret>)? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1531
+msgid "go to which hunk? "
+msgstr "어� 부분으로 ��합니까? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1540
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Invalid number: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "잘못� 번호: '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1545
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sorry, only %d hunk available.\n"
+msgid_plural "Sorry, only %d hunks available.\n"
+msgstr[0] "미안합니다. 부분� %d개 밖� 없습니다.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1571
+msgid "No other hunks to search\n"
+msgstr "검색할 부분� 없습니다\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1575
+msgid "search for regex? "
+msgstr "정규�� 검색합니까?"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1588
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Malformed search regexp %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "잘못� 형태� 검색 정규� %s: %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1598
+msgid "No hunk matches the given pattern\n"
+msgstr "[주어진 패턴� 맞는 부분� 없습니다\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1610 git-add--interactive.perl:1632
+msgid "No previous hunk\n"
+msgstr "�전 부분� 없습니다\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1619 git-add--interactive.perl:1638
+msgid "No next hunk\n"
+msgstr "다� 부분� 없습니다\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1644
+msgid "Sorry, cannot split this hunk\n"
+msgstr "미안합니다. � 부분� 분리 할 수 없습니다\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1650
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Split into %d hunk.\n"
+msgid_plural "Split into %d hunks.\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d개 부분으로 나눕니다.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1660
+msgid "Sorry, cannot edit this hunk\n"
+msgstr "미안합니다. � 부분� 수정할 수 없습니다\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1706
+msgid "Review diff"
+msgstr "diff 검토"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please do not translate the command names
+#. 'status', 'update', 'revert', etc.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1725
+msgid ""
+"status        - show paths with changes\n"
+"update        - add working tree state to the staged set of changes\n"
+"revert        - revert staged set of changes back to the HEAD version\n"
+"patch         - pick hunks and update selectively\n"
+"diff          - view diff between HEAD and index\n"
+"add untracked - add contents of untracked files to the staged set of "
+"changes\n"
+msgstr ""
+"status        - 변경 사항� 있는 경로를 표시합니다\n"
+"update        - 변경 사항 스테�징 모�� 작업 �� �태를 추가합니다\n"
+"revert        - 변경 사항 스테�징 모�� HEAD 버전으로 ��립니다\n"
+"patch         - 바� 부분� 골�서 개별�으로 업��트합니다\n"
+"diff          - HEAD와 ��스 사�� 차��� 봅니다\n"
+"add untracked - 추��지 않는 파�� 내용� 변경 사항 스테�징 모�� 추가합"
+"니다\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1742 git-add--interactive.perl:1747
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1750 git-add--interactive.perl:1757
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1761 git-add--interactive.perl:1767
+msgid "missing --"
+msgstr "-- 빠�"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1763
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unknown --patch mode: %s"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 --patch 모드: %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1769 git-add--interactive.perl:1775
+#, perl-format
+msgid "invalid argument %s, expecting --"
+msgstr "��가 (%s) 잘못�었고, --가 와야 합니다"
+
+# 주�: 초 단위� 경우를 �한다
+#: git-send-email.perl:130
+msgid "local zone differs from GMT by a non-minute interval\n"
+msgstr "지역 시간대와 GMT� 차�가 분 단위가 아닙니다\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:137 git-send-email.perl:143
+msgid "local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n"
+msgstr "지역 시� 오프셋� 24시간보다 �거나 작습니다\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:211 git-send-email.perl:217
+msgid "the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything"
+msgstr "편집기가 비정��으로 �나서, 모� 중지합니다"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:294
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' contains an intermediate version of the email you were composing.\n"
+msgstr "'%s' 안� 작성 중�었� 중간 버전� 전�메�� 들어 있습니다.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:299
+#, perl-format
+msgid "'%s.final' contains the composed email.\n"
+msgstr "'%s.final' 안� 작성한 전�메�� 들어 있습니다.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:317
+msgid "--dump-aliases incompatible with other options\n"
+msgstr "--dump-aliases 옵션� 다른 옵션과 호환�지 않습니다\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:383 git-send-email.perl:638
+msgid "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+msgstr "저장소 밖�서 git format-patch 명령� 실행할 수 없습니다\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:386
+msgid ""
+"`batch-size` and `relogin` must be specified together (via command-line or "
+"configuration option)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"`batch-size`와 `relogin`� 같� 지정해야 합니다 (명령행 �는 설정 옵션)\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:456
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --suppress-cc field: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 --suppress-cc 필드: '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:485
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --confirm setting: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "알 수 없는 --confirm 설정: '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:513
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail alias with quotes is not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "경고: 따옴표가 있는 sendmail 별칭� 지�하지 않습니다: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:515
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `:include:` not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "경고: `:include:`는 지�하지 않습니다: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:517
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `/file` or `|pipe` redirection not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "경고: `/file` �는 `|pipe` 리다�렉션� 지�하지 않습니다: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:522
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail line is not recognized: %s\n"
+msgstr "경고: sendmail 줄� ���지 않습니다: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:604
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"File '%s' exists but it could also be the range of commits\n"
+"to produce patches for.  Please disambiguate by...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * Saying \"./%s\" if you mean a file; or\n"
+"    * Giving --format-patch option if you mean a range.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 파�� 있지만 � 파�� 패치를 만들 대�� 커밋� 범위가\n"
+"� 수� 있습니다. 다�과 같� 애매함� 없애 주십시오...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * 파�� ��했다면 \"./%s\"(�)�고 쓰고, 아니면\n"
+"    * 범위를 ��했다면 --format-patch 옵션 사용\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:625
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to opendir %s: %s"
+msgstr "%s� opendir 실패: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:649
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"fatal: %s: %s\n"
+"warning: no patches were sent\n"
+msgstr ""
+"치명� 오류: %s: %s\n"
+"경고: 패치를 보내지 않았습니다\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:660
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"No patch files specified!\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"패치 파�� 지정하지 않았습니다\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:673
+#, perl-format
+msgid "No subject line in %s?"
+msgstr "%s 안� 제목 줄� 없습니다?"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:683
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open for writing %s: %s"
+msgstr "%s� 쓰려고 여는� 실패: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:694
+msgid ""
+"Lines beginning in \"GIT:\" will be removed.\n"
+"Consider including an overall diffstat or table of contents\n"
+"for the patch you are writing.\n"
+"\n"
+"Clear the body content if you don't wish to send a summary.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\"GIT:\"으로 시작하는 줄� 제거�니다.\n"
+"작성 중� 패치� 대해 전체 diffstat� �함하거나\n"
+"목차를 �함해 보십시오.\n"
+"\n"
+"요약� 보내는 게 아니�면 본문 내용� 지우십시오.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:718
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s: %s"
+msgstr "%s�(를) 여는� 실패: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:735
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s.final: %s"
+msgstr "%s.final� 여는� 실패: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:778
+msgid "Summary email is empty, skipping it\n"
+msgstr "요약 전�메�� 비어 있어서 넘어갑니다.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep [y/N] as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:813
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to use <%s> [y/N]? "
+msgstr "정�로 <%s>�(를) 사용하시겠습니까 [y/N]? "
+
+# 주�: '8bit'��고 그대로 쓴다. 메� encoding 헤�� 쓸 literal� 가리킴
+#: git-send-email.perl:868
+msgid ""
+"The following files are 8bit, but do not declare a Content-Transfer-"
+"Encoding.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"다� 파�� 8bit�지만, Content-Transfer-Encoding� 설정하지 않았습니다.\n"
+
+# 주�: '8bit'��고 그대로 쓴다. 메� encoding 헤�� 쓸 literal� 가리킴
+#: git-send-email.perl:873
+msgid "Which 8bit encoding should I declare [UTF-8]? "
+msgstr "어떤 8bit �코딩� 선언합니까 [UTF-8]? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:881
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"Refusing to send because the patch\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"has the template subject '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. Pass --force if you really "
+"want to send.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"보내지 않습니다. 다� 패치가\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"제목 서�� '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'가 들어 있습니다. 정�로 보내려면 --force "
+"옵션� 사용하십시오.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:900
+msgid "To whom should the emails be sent (if anyone)?"
+msgstr "누구�게 전�메�� 보내야 합니까 (보낼 대�� 있다면)?"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:918
+#, perl-format
+msgid "fatal: alias '%s' expands to itself\n"
+msgstr "치명� 오류: '%s' 별칭� �기 �신� 가리킵니다\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:930
+msgid "Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email (if any)? "
+msgstr "첫 메�� 대해 (있다면) Message-ID가 In-Reply-To� 사용�었습니다? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:988 git-send-email.perl:996
+#, perl-format
+msgid "error: unable to extract a valid address from: %s\n"
+msgstr "오류: 다��서 올바른 주소를 추출할 수 없습니다: %s\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [q] [d] [e] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1000
+msgid "What to do with this address? ([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit): "
+msgstr "� 주소로 무엇� 하시겠습니까? ([q]�내기|[d]버리기|[e]편집): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1317
+#, perl-format
+msgid "CA path \"%s\" does not exist"
+msgstr "\"%s\" CA 경로가 없습니다"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1400
+msgid ""
+"    The Cc list above has been expanded by additional\n"
+"    addresses found in the patch commit message. By default\n"
+"    send-email prompts before sending whenever this occurs.\n"
+"    This behavior is controlled by the sendemail.confirm\n"
+"    configuration setting.\n"
+"\n"
+"    For additional information, run 'git send-email --help'.\n"
+"    To retain the current behavior, but squelch this message,\n"
+"    run 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"    위� Cc 목�� 패치 커밋 메시지� 들어 있는 추가 주소로\n"
+"    확장�니다. 기본값으로 확장�기 전� send-email�서\n"
+"    물어봅니다. �런 �작� sendmail.confirm 설정�서\n"
+"    조정할 수 있습니다.\n"
+"\n"
+"    정보를 � 보려면, 'git send-email --help'를 실행하십시오.\n"
+"    현재 �작� 유지하려면, � 메시지를 무시하고,\n"
+"    'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto' 명령�\n"
+"    실행하십시오.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y] [n] [e] [q] [a] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1415
+msgid "Send this email? ([y]es|[n]o|[e]dit|[q]uit|[a]ll): "
+msgstr ""
+"� 전�메�� 보내시겠습니까? ([y]예|[n]아니오|[e]편집|[q]�내기|[a]모�): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1418
+msgid "Send this email reply required"
+msgstr "필요한 전�메� 답장 보냅니다"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1446
+msgid "The required SMTP server is not properly defined."
+msgstr "필요한 SMTP 서버를 제대로 지정하지 않았습니다."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1493
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Server does not support STARTTLS! %s"
+msgstr "서버�서 STARTTLS를 지�하지 않습니다! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1498 git-send-email.perl:1502
+#, perl-format
+msgid "STARTTLS failed! %s"
+msgstr "STARTTLS 실패! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1512
+msgid "Unable to initialize SMTP properly. Check config and use --smtp-debug."
+msgstr ""
+"SMTP를 제대로 초기화할 수 없습니다. 설정� 확�하고 --smtp-debug 옵션� 사용"
+"하십시오."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1530
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to send %s\n"
+msgstr "%s�(를) 보내는� 실패했습니다\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Dry-Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "%s 보내는 �내\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "%s 보냄\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1535
+msgid "Dry-OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "성공 �내. 기��:\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1535
+msgid "OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "성공. 기��:\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1547
+msgid "Result: "
+msgstr "ê²°ê³¼: "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1550
+msgid "Result: OK\n"
+msgstr "결과: 정�\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1568
+#, perl-format
+msgid "can't open file %s"
+msgstr "%s 파�� 열 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1615 git-send-email.perl:1635
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) cc: %s 추가, '%s' 줄�서\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1621
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding to: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) to: %s 추가, '%s' 줄�서\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1674
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox아님) cc: %s 추가, '%s' 줄�서\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1699
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(body) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(본문) cc: %s 추가, '%s' 줄�서\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1817
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Could not execute '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) '%s'� 실행할 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1824
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Adding %s: %s from: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(%s) %s: %s 추가, '%s' 줄�서\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1828
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) failed to close pipe to '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) '%s'(�)를 향한 파�프를 닫는� 실패했습니다"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1855
+msgid "cannot send message as 7bit"
+msgstr "메시지를 7비트로 보낼 수 없습니다"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1863
+msgid "invalid transfer encoding"
+msgstr "잘못� 전송 �코딩"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1901 git-send-email.perl:1952 git-send-email.perl:1962
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unable to open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "%s�(를) 열 수 없습니다: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1904
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%s: patch contains a line longer than 998 characters"
+msgstr "%s: 패치� 998�보다 � 긴 줄� 들어 있습니다"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1920
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Skipping %s with backup suffix '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "%s 넘어�, 예비 확장� '%s' 있�.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep "[y|N]" as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1924
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Do you really want to send %s? [y|N]: "
+msgstr "정�로 %s 파�� 보내시겠습니까? [y|N]: "
diff --git a/po/pt_PT.po b/po/pt_PT.po
index 689ad1b0fe..8a2d55a8b6 100644
--- a/po/pt_PT.po
+++ b/po/pt_PT.po
@@ -1,334 +1,1878 @@
 # Portuguese translations for Git package.
 # Copyright (C) 2012 Marco Sousa <marcomsousa AT gmail.com>
+# Copyright (C) 2016 Vasco Almeida <vascomalmeida@sapo.pt>
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
-# Contributers:
-#   - Marco Sousa <marcomsousa AT gmail.com>
-#
+# Contributors:
+# - Marco Sousa <marcomsousa AT gmail.com>
+# Vasco Almeida <vascomalmeida@sapo.pt>, 2016, 2017.
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: Git\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-05-08 16:06+0800\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-05-14 21:17+0100\n"
-"Last-Translator: Marco Sousa <marcomsousa AT gmail.com>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-04-23 09:54+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-05-01 21:17+0000\n"
+"Last-Translator: Vasco Almeida <vascomalmeida@sapo.pt>\n"
 "Language-Team: Portuguese\n"
+"Language: pt\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
-"Language: pt\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+"X-Generator: Virtaal 0.7.1\n"
 
-#: advice.c:40
+#: advice.c:55
 #, c-format
 msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
 msgstr "dica: %.*s\n"
 
-#.
-#. * Message used both when 'git commit' fails and when
-#. * other commands doing a merge do.
-#.
-#: advice.c:70
+#: advice.c:83
+msgid "Cherry-picking is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível efetuar cherry-pick porque tem ficheiros não integrados."
+
+#: advice.c:85
+msgid "Committing is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Não é possível submeter porque tem ficheiros não integrados."
+
+#: advice.c:87
+msgid "Merging is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Não é possível integrar porque tem ficheiros não integrados."
+
+#: advice.c:89
+msgid "Pulling is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Não é possível puxar porque tem ficheiros não integrados."
+
+#: advice.c:91
+msgid "Reverting is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Não é possível reverte porque tem ficheiros não integrados."
+
+#: advice.c:93
+#, c-format
+msgid "It is not possible to %s because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Não é possível efetuar %s porque tem ficheiros não integrados."
+
+#: advice.c:101
 msgid ""
-"Fix them up in the work tree,\n"
-"and then use 'git add/rm <file>' as\n"
-"appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit,\n"
-"or use 'git commit -a'."
+"Fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
+"as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
 msgstr ""
+"Corrija-os na árvore de trabalho e use 'git add/rm <ficheiro>'\n"
+"conforme apropriado para marcá-los como resolvidos e submeta."
+
+#: advice.c:109
+msgid "Exiting because of an unresolved conflict."
+msgstr "A terminar devido a conflito não resolvido."
+
+#: advice.c:114 builtin/merge.c:1185
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "Não concluído a integração (MERGE_HEAD presente)."
 
-#: bundle.c:36
+#: advice.c:116
+msgid "Please, commit your changes before merging."
+msgstr "Submeta as suas alterações antes de integrar."
+
+#: advice.c:117
+msgid "Exiting because of unfinished merge."
+msgstr "A terminar devido a integração incompleta."
+
+#: advice.c:123
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
+msgid ""
+"Note: checking out '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental\n"
+"changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this\n"
+"state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may\n"
+"do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>\n"
+"\n"
 msgstr ""
+"Nota: a extrair '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"Encontra-se em estado 'HEAD destacada'. Pode inspecionar, fazer alterações\n"
+"experimentais e submetê-las e pode descartar qualquer commit que faça neste\n"
+"estado sem interferir outro ramo se extrair outro ramo.\n"
+"\n"
+"Se deseja criar um novo ramo para reter os commits que criou, pode fazê-lo\n"
+"(agora ou mais tarde) usando -b com o comando checkout outra vez. Exemplo:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <novo-nome-ramo>\n"
+"\n"
 
-#: bundle.c:63
+#: apply.c:57
 #, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
-msgstr "cabeçalho não reconhecido: %s%s (%d)"
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr "opção de espaço em branco não reconhecida '%s'"
 
-#: bundle.c:89
-#: builtin/commit.c:753
+#: apply.c:73
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not open '%s'"
-msgstr "não é possivel abrir '%s'"
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr "opção de ignorar espaço em branco não reconhecida '%s'"
 
-#: bundle.c:140
-msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
+#: apply.c:125
+msgid "--reject and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--reject e --3way não podem ser usados juntos."
+
+#: apply.c:127
+msgid "--cached and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--cached e --3way não podem ser usados juntos."
+
+#: apply.c:130
+msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+msgstr "--3way fora de um repositório"
+
+#: apply.c:141
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr "--index fora de um repositório"
+
+#: apply.c:144
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr "--cached fora de um repositório"
+
+#: apply.c:845
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr "Não é possível preparar a regexp de carimbo de data/hora %s"
+
+#: apply.c:854
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr "regexec retornou %d para a entra: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:938
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr "não foi possível encontrar o nome do ficheiro no patch na linha %d"
+
+#: apply.c:977
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
 msgstr ""
+"git apply: git-diff incorreto - esperava-se /dev/null, obteve-se %s na linha "
+"%d"
 
-#: bundle.c:164
-#: sequencer.c:533
-#: sequencer.c:965
-#: builtin/log.c:289
-#: builtin/log.c:719
-#: builtin/log.c:1335
-#: builtin/log.c:1554
-#: builtin/merge.c:347
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:181
-msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+#: apply.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
 msgstr ""
+"git apply: git-diff incorreto - o nome do novo ficheiro na linha %d é "
+"inconsistente"
 
-#: bundle.c:186
+#: apply.c:984
 #, c-format
-msgid "The bundle contains %d ref"
-msgid_plural "The bundle contains %d refs"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: git-diff incorreto - o nome do ficheiro antigo na linha %d é "
+"inconsistente"
 
-#: bundle.c:192
+#: apply.c:990
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: git-diff incorreto - esperava-se /dev/null na linha %d"
+
+#: apply.c:1488
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr "recontagem: linha inesperada: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1557
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "fragmento de patch sem cabeçalho na linha %d: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1577
 #, c-format
-msgid "The bundle requires this ref"
-msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs"
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"components (line %d)"
 msgstr[0] ""
+"o cabeçalho do git diff não revelou o nome do ficheiro depois de se remover "
+"%d componente do caminho (linha %d)"
 msgstr[1] ""
+"o cabeçalho do git diff não revelou o nome do ficheiro depois de se remover "
+"%d componentes de caminho (linha %d)"
 
-#: bundle.c:290
-msgid "rev-list died"
-msgstr "rev-list morreu"
+#: apply.c:1589
+#, c-format
+msgid "git diff header lacks filename information (line %d)"
+msgstr "o cabeçalho do git diff não revela o nome do ficheiro (linha %d)"
+
+#: apply.c:1759
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr "o novo ficheiro depende de conteúdos antigos"
 
-#: bundle.c:296
-#: builtin/log.c:1231
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:284
+#: apply.c:1761
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr "o ficheiro eliminado ainda tem conteúdos"
+
+#: apply.c:1795
 #, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
-msgstr "argumento não reconhecido: %s"
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr "patch corrompido na linha %d"
 
-#: bundle.c:331
+#: apply.c:1832
 #, c-format
-msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr "o novo ficheiro %s depende de conteúdos antigos"
+
+#: apply.c:1834
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr "o ficheiro eliminado %s ainda tem conteúdos"
+
+#: apply.c:1837
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr "** aviso: o ficheiro %s ficará vazio, mas não será eliminado"
+
+#: apply.c:1984
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "patch binário corrompido na linha %d: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:2021
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr "patch binário não reconhecido na linha %d"
+
+#: apply.c:2182
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr "patch incompreensível na linha %d"
+
+#: apply.c:2265
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr "não é possível ler a ligação simbólica %s"
+
+#: apply.c:2269
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr "não é possível abrir ou ler %s"
+
+#: apply.c:2922
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr "início de linha inválido: '%c'"
+
+#: apply.c:3041
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] "Excerto nº%d bem sucedido na linha %d (%d linha deslocada)."
+msgstr[1] "Excerto nº%d bem sucedido na linha %d (%d linhas deslocadas)."
+
+#: apply.c:3053
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr "Contexto reduzido para (%ld/%ld) para aplicar o fragmento em %d"
+
+#: apply.c:3059
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
 msgstr ""
+"ao procura por:\n"
+"%.*s"
 
-#: bundle.c:376
-msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
+#: apply.c:3081
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr "falta de dados do patch binário '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3089
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot reverse-apply a binary patch without the reverse hunk to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"não é possível aplicar o reverso de um patch binário a '%s' sem o excerto "
+"reverso"
+
+#: apply.c:3135
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot apply binary patch to '%s' without full index line"
+msgstr ""
+"não é possível aplicar patch binário a '%s' sem linha de índice completa"
+
+#: apply.c:3145
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the patch applies to '%s' (%s), which does not match the current contents."
+msgstr ""
+"o patch aplica-se a '%s' (%s), que não corresponde aos conteúdos atuais."
+
+#: apply.c:3153
+#, c-format
+msgid "the patch applies to an empty '%s' but it is not empty"
+msgstr "o patch aplica-se a um '%s' vazio mas não está vazio"
+
+#: apply.c:3171
+#, c-format
+msgid "the necessary postimage %s for '%s' cannot be read"
+msgstr "não é possível ler a postimage necessária %s de '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3184
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr "o patch binário não foi aplicado corretamente a '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3190
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr ""
+"o patch binário aplicado a '%s' gera resultados incorretos (esperava-se %s, "
+"obteve-se %s)"
+
+#: apply.c:3211
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr "falha ao aplicar o patch: %s:%ld"
+
+#: apply.c:3333
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgstr "não é possível extrair %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3381 apply.c:3392 apply.c:3438 setup.c:253
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read %s"
+msgstr "falha ao ler %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3389
+#, c-format
+msgid "reading from '%s' beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "a ler '%s' indicado por uma ligação simbólica"
+
+#: apply.c:3418 apply.c:3658
+#, c-format
+msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr "o caminho %s foi eliminado ou mudou de nome"
+
+#: apply.c:3501 apply.c:3672
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr "%s: não existe no índice"
+
+#: apply.c:3510 apply.c:3680
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr "%s: não tem correspondência no índice"
+
+#: apply.c:3545
+msgid "repository lacks the necessary blob to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+"o repositório não tem o blob necessário para recorrer a integração com 3 "
+"pontos."
+
+#: apply.c:3548
+#, c-format
+msgid "Falling back to three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "A recorrer a integração com 3 pontos...\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3564 apply.c:3568
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read the current contents of '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possível ler o conteúdo atual de '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3580
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fall back on three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "Falha a recorrer a integração com 3 pontos...\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3594
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' with conflicts.\n"
+msgstr "Patch aplicado a '%s' com conflitos.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3599
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' cleanly.\n"
+msgstr "Patch aplicado a '%s' com sucesso.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3625
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr "patch de remoção deixa conteúdos no ficheiro"
+
+#: apply.c:3697
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr "%s: tipo errado"
+
+#: apply.c:3699
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr "%s é do tipo %o, esperado %o"
+
+#: apply.c:3850 apply.c:3852
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid path '%s'"
+msgstr "caminho inválido '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3908
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr "%s: já existe no índice"
+
+#: apply.c:3911
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr "%s: já existe no diretório de trabalho"
+
+#: apply.c:3931
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr "o novo modo (%o) de %s não corresponde ao modo antigo (%o)"
+
+#: apply.c:3936
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr "o novo modo (%o) de %s não corresponde ao modo antigo (%o) de %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3956
+#, c-format
+msgid "affected file '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "o ficheiro afetado '%s' é indicado por uma ligação simbólica"
+
+#: apply.c:3960
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr "%s: patch não se aplica com sucesso"
+
+#: apply.c:3975
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr "A verificar o patch %s..."
+
+#: apply.c:4066
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless for submodule %s"
+msgstr "falta informação de sha1 ou não é útil para o submódulo %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4073
+#, c-format
+msgid "mode change for %s, which is not in current HEAD"
+msgstr "alteração de modo de %s que não está na HEAD atual"
+
+#: apply.c:4076
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless (%s)."
+msgstr "falta informação de sha1 ou não é útil (%s)."
+
+#: apply.c:4081 builtin/checkout.c:252 builtin/reset.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "falha ao invocar make_cache_entry em '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:4085
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not add %s to temporary index"
+msgstr "não foi possível adicionar %s ao índice temporário"
+
+#: apply.c:4095
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write temporary index to %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível escrever índice temporário para %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4233
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr "não é possível remover %s do índice"
+
+#: apply.c:4268
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
+msgstr "patch corrompido no submódulo %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4274
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possível obter estado do novo ficheiro criado '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:4282
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr ""
+"não é possível criar armazenamento de segurança do ficheiro recém-criado %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4288 apply.c:4432
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr "não é possível adicionar %s à cache"
+
+#: apply.c:4329
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to write to '%s'"
+msgstr "falha ao escrever para '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:4333
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr "a fechar o ficheiro '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:4403
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr "não é possível escrever o ficheiro '%s' com o modo %o"
+
+#: apply.c:4501
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr "Patch %s aplicado com sucesso."
+
+#: apply.c:4509
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr "erro interno"
+
+#: apply.c:4512
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] "A aplicar patch %%s com %d rejeição..."
+msgstr[1] "A aplicar patch %%s com %d rejeições..."
+
+#: apply.c:4523
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr "a truncar o nome do ficheiro .rej em %.*s.rej"
+
+#: apply.c:4531 builtin/fetch.c:739 builtin/fetch.c:988
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s"
+msgstr "não é possível abrir %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4545
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr "Excerto nº%d aplicado com sucesso."
+
+#: apply.c:4549
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr "Excerto nº%d rejeitado."
+
+#: apply.c:4659
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped patch '%s'."
+msgstr "Patch '%s' ignorado."
+
+#: apply.c:4667
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr "entrada não reconhecida"
+
+#: apply.c:4686
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler o ficheiro de índice"
+
+#: apply.c:4823
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s': %s"
+msgstr "não é possível abrir o patch '%s': %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4850
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] "%d erro de espaço em branco reprimido"
+msgstr[1] "%d erros de espaço em branco reprimidos"
+
+#: apply.c:4856 apply.c:4871
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d linha adiciona erros de espaço em branco."
+msgstr[1] "%d linhas adicionam erros de espaço em branco."
+
+#: apply.c:4864
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d linha aplicada depois de corrigir erros de espaço em branco."
+msgstr[1] "%d linhas aplicadas depois de corrigir erros de espaço em branco."
+
+#: apply.c:4880 builtin/add.c:463 builtin/mv.c:298 builtin/rm.c:391
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "Não foi possível escrever novo ficheiro de índice"
+
+#: apply.c:4911 apply.c:4914 builtin/am.c:2277 builtin/am.c:2280
+#: builtin/clone.c:113 builtin/fetch.c:98 builtin/pull.c:180
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:304 builtin/submodule--helper.c:629
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:632 builtin/submodule--helper.c:973
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:976 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1161
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:239
+msgid "path"
+msgstr "caminho"
+
+#: apply.c:4912
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "não aplicar alterações que correspondam ao caminho fornecido"
+
+#: apply.c:4915
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "aplicar alterações que correspondam ao caminho fornecido"
+
+#: apply.c:4917 builtin/am.c:2286
+msgid "num"
+msgstr "num"
+
+#: apply.c:4918
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr "remover <num> barras à esquerda dos caminhos de diff tradicional"
+
+#: apply.c:4921
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr "ignorar adições feitas pelo patch"
+
+#: apply.c:4923
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr "em vez de aplicar o patch, mostrar o diffstat da entrada"
+
+#: apply.c:4927
+msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr "mostrar número de linhas adicionadas e removidas em notação decimal"
+
+#: apply.c:4929
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr "em vez de aplicar o patch, mostrar um resumo da entrada"
+
+#: apply.c:4931
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr "em vez de aplicar o patch, verificar se o patch pode ser aplicado"
+
+#: apply.c:4933
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr "garantir que o patch pode ser aplicado ao índice atual"
+
+#: apply.c:4935
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr "aplicar um patch sem tocar na árvore de trabalho"
+
+#: apply.c:4937
+msgid "accept a patch that touches outside the working area"
+msgstr "aceitar patches que alteram ficheiros fora da área de trabalho"
+
+#: apply.c:4939
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr "aplicar o patch também (use com --stat/--summary/--check)"
+
+#: apply.c:4941
+msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+msgstr "tentar integração com três pontos se um patch não se aplica com êxito"
+
+#: apply.c:4943
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr ""
+"construir um índice temporário baseado na informação incorporada do índice"
+
+#: apply.c:4946 builtin/checkout-index.c:169 builtin/ls-files.c:508
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr "os caminhos estão separados por caracteres NUL"
+
+#: apply.c:4948
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr "garantir que, pelo menos, <n> linhas de contexto coincidem"
+
+#: apply.c:4949 builtin/am.c:2265
+msgid "action"
+msgstr "ação"
+
+#: apply.c:4950
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr "detetar linhas novas ou modificadas que tenham espaços em branco"
+
+#: apply.c:4953 apply.c:4956
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr "ignorar alterações de espaço em branco ao procurar contexto"
+
+#: apply.c:4959
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr "aplicar o patch em reverso"
+
+#: apply.c:4961
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr "não esperar nenhuma linha de contexto"
+
+#: apply.c:4963
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr "deixar os excertos rejeitados nos respetivos ficheiros *.rej"
+
+#: apply.c:4965
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr "permitir a sobreposição de excertos"
+
+#: apply.c:4966 builtin/add.c:267 builtin/check-ignore.c:19
+#: builtin/commit.c:1337 builtin/count-objects.c:94 builtin/fsck.c:651
+#: builtin/log.c:1867 builtin/mv.c:122 builtin/read-tree.c:134
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr "ser verboso"
+
+#: apply.c:4968
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr ""
+"tolerar deteções incorretas de falta de nova linha no final do ficheiro"
+
+#: apply.c:4971
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr "não confiar na contagem de linhas no cabeçalho dos excertos"
+
+#: apply.c:4973 builtin/am.c:2274
+msgid "root"
+msgstr "raiz"
+
+#: apply.c:4974
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr "preceder <root> a todos os nomes de ficheiro"
+
+#: archive.c:12
+msgid "git archive [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git archive [<opções>] <árvore-etc> [<caminho>...]"
+
+#: archive.c:13
+msgid "git archive --list"
+msgstr "git archive --list"
+
+#: archive.c:14
+msgid ""
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [<opções>] <árvore-etc> "
+"[<caminho>...]"
+
+#: archive.c:15
+msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
+msgstr "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
+
+#: archive.c:332 builtin/add.c:152 builtin/add.c:442 builtin/rm.c:300
+#, c-format
+msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
+msgstr "o especificador de caminho '%s' não corresponde a nenhum ficheiro"
+
+#: archive.c:417
+msgid "fmt"
+msgstr "fmt"
+
+#: archive.c:417
+msgid "archive format"
+msgstr "formato do arquivo"
+
+#: archive.c:418 builtin/log.c:1436
+msgid "prefix"
+msgstr "prefixo"
+
+#: archive.c:419
+msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
+msgstr "preceder o prefixo a cada nome de caminho dentro do arquivo"
+
+#: archive.c:420 builtin/blame.c:2598 builtin/blame.c:2599 builtin/config.c:59
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:987 builtin/fast-export.c:989 builtin/grep.c:1061
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:101 builtin/ls-files.c:542 builtin/ls-files.c:545
+#: builtin/notes.c:401 builtin/notes.c:564 builtin/read-tree.c:129
+#: parse-options.h:153
+msgid "file"
+msgstr "ficheiro"
+
+#: archive.c:421 builtin/archive.c:89
+msgid "write the archive to this file"
+msgstr "escrever o arquivo para este ficheiro"
+
+#: archive.c:423
+msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
+msgstr "ler .gitattributes do diretório de trabalho"
+
+#: archive.c:424
+msgid "report archived files on stderr"
+msgstr "listar ficheiros arquivados para stderr"
+
+#: archive.c:425
+msgid "store only"
+msgstr "armazenar apenas"
+
+#: archive.c:426
+msgid "compress faster"
+msgstr "compressão rápida"
+
+#: archive.c:434
+msgid "compress better"
+msgstr "compressão ótima"
+
+#: archive.c:437
+msgid "list supported archive formats"
+msgstr "listar formatos de arquivo suportados"
+
+#: archive.c:439 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:103 builtin/clone.c:106
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:641 builtin/submodule--helper.c:982
+msgid "repo"
+msgstr "repo"
+
+#: archive.c:440 builtin/archive.c:91
+msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
+msgstr "obter o arquivo a partir do repositório remoto <repo>"
+
+#: archive.c:441 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:485
+msgid "command"
+msgstr "comando"
+
+#: archive.c:442 builtin/archive.c:93
+msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
+msgstr "caminho para o comando git-upload-archive no remoto"
+
+#: archive.c:449
+msgid "Unexpected option --remote"
+msgstr "Opção inesperada --remote"
+
+#: archive.c:451
+msgid "Option --exec can only be used together with --remote"
+msgstr "A opção --exec só pode ser usada em conjunto com --remote"
+
+#: archive.c:453
+msgid "Unexpected option --output"
+msgstr "Opção inesperada --output"
+
+#: archive.c:475
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown archive format '%s'"
+msgstr "Formato de arquivo desconhecido '%s'"
+
+#: archive.c:482
+#, c-format
+msgid "Argument not supported for format '%s': -%d"
+msgstr "Argumento não suportado para o formato '%s': -%d"
+
+#: attr.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "%.*s is not a valid attribute name"
+msgstr "%.*s não é um nome de atributo válido"
+
+#: attr.c:408
+msgid ""
+"Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
+"Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
+msgstr ""
+"Os padrões negativos são ignorados nos atributos do git\n"
+"Use '\\!' para uma exclamação literal à esquerda."
+
+#: bisect.c:443
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open file '%s'"
+msgstr "Não foi possível abrir o ficheiro '%s'"
+
+#: bisect.c:448
+#, c-format
+msgid "Badly quoted content in file '%s': %s"
+msgstr "Conteúdo incorretamente citado no ficheiro '%s': %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "We cannot bisect more!\n"
+msgstr "Não se está a bissetar mais!\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:709
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid commit name %s"
+msgstr "%s não é um nome de commit válido"
+
+#: bisect.c:733
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is bad.\n"
+"This means the bug has been fixed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"A base de integração %s é má (bad).\n"
+"Significa que o bug foi corrigido entre %s e [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:738
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is new.\n"
+"The property has changed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"A base de integração %s é nova (new).\n"
+"A propriedade foi mudada entre %s e [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:743
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is %s.\n"
+"This means the first '%s' commit is between %s and [%s].\n"
 msgstr ""
+"A base de integração %s é %s.\n"
+"Significa que o primeiro commit '%s' está entre %s e [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:751
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Some %s revs are not ancestors of the %s rev.\n"
+"git bisect cannot work properly in this case.\n"
+"Maybe you mistook %s and %s revs?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Algumas revisões %s não antecedem a revisão %s.\n"
+"git bisect não pode funcionar corretamente nesta situação.\n"
+"Talvez confundiu revisões %s e %s?\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:764
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the merge base between %s and [%s] must be skipped.\n"
+"So we cannot be sure the first %s commit is between %s and %s.\n"
+"We continue anyway."
+msgstr ""
+"tem-se que saltar a base de integração entre %s e [%s].\n"
+"Portanto não se pode ter a certeza que o primeiro commit %s está entre %s e "
+"%s.\n"
+"Continua-se de qualquer maneira."
+
+#: bisect.c:799
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: a merge base must be tested\n"
+msgstr "A bissetar: uma base de integração tem de ser testada\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:850
+#, c-format
+msgid "a %s revision is needed"
+msgstr "precisa-se de uma revisão %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:867 builtin/notes.c:174 builtin/tag.c:255
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível criar o ficheiro '%s'"
+
+#: bisect.c:918
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read file '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler o ficheiro '%s'"
+
+#: bisect.c:948
+msgid "reading bisect refs failed"
+msgstr "falha ao ler referências bissetadas"
+
+#: bisect.c:968
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s was both %s and %s\n"
+msgstr "%s era %s e %s em simultâneo\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:976
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No testable commit found.\n"
+"Maybe you started with bad path parameters?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nenhum commit testável encontrado.\n"
+"Talvez tenha começado com parâmetros de caminho incorretos?\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:995
+#, c-format
+msgid "(roughly %d step)"
+msgid_plural "(roughly %d steps)"
+msgstr[0] "(aproximadamente %d passo)"
+msgstr[1] "(aproximadamente %d passos)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the last %s will be replaced with
+#. "(roughly %d steps)" translation
+#: bisect.c:999
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: %d revision left to test after this %s\n"
+msgid_plural "Bisecting: %d revisions left to test after this %s\n"
+msgstr[0] "A bissetar: falta %d revisão para testar depois desta %s\n"
+msgstr[1] "A bissetar: faltam %d revisões para testar depois desta %s\n"
+
+#: branch.c:53
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"After fixing the error cause you may try to fix up\n"
+"the remote tracking information by invoking\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Após resolver a causa do erro, pode tentar corrigir\n"
+"o ramo remoto que deve ser seguido, invocando\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
+
+#: branch.c:67
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
+msgstr "O ramo %s não foi configurado com ramo a montante dele próprio."
+
+#: branch.c:93
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing."
+msgstr "Ramo %s configurado para seguir o ramo remoto %s de %s por rebase."
+
+#: branch.c:94
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s."
+msgstr "Ramo %s configurado para seguir o ramo remoto %s de %s."
+
+#: branch.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing."
+msgstr "Ramo %s configurado para seguir o ramo local %s por rebase."
+
+#: branch.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s."
+msgstr "Ramo %s configurado para seguir o ramo local %s."
+
+#: branch.c:104
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing."
+msgstr "Ramo %s configurado para seguir a referência remota %s por rebase."
+
+#: branch.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s."
+msgstr "Ramo %s configurado para seguir a referência remota %s."
+
+#: branch.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing."
+msgstr "Ramo %s configurado para seguir a referência local %s por rebase."
+
+#: branch.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s."
+msgstr "Ramo %s configurado para seguir a referência local %s."
+
+#: branch.c:119
+msgid "Unable to write upstream branch configuration"
+msgstr "Não foi possível escrever a configuração do ramo a montante"
+
+#: branch.c:156
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"
+msgstr "Não seguido: informação da referência %s ambígua"
+
+#: branch.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid branch name."
+msgstr "'%s' não é um nome válido para um ramo."
+
+#: branch.c:190
+#, c-format
+msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Já existe um ramo designado '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:198
+msgid "Cannot force update the current branch."
+msgstr "Não é possível forçar a atualização do ramo atual."
+
+#: branch.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch."
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível configurar ramo a seguir; o ponto inicial '%s' não é um ramo."
+
+#: branch.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "o ramo a montante solicitado '%s' não existe"
+
+#: branch.c:222
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
+"branch that already exists at the remote, you may need to\n"
+"run \"git fetch\" to retrieve it.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you are planning to push out a new local branch that\n"
+"will track its remote counterpart, you may want to use\n"
+"\"git push -u\" to set the upstream config as you push."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Se pretende efetuar rebase do seu trabalho sobre um ramo\n"
+"a montante que já existe no remoto, pode ser necessário\n"
+"executar \"git fetch\" para obtê-lo.\n"
+"\n"
+"Se pretende publicar um novo ramo local que irá seguir\n"
+"o seu homólogo remoto, pode usar \"git push -u\" para configurar\n"
+"o respetivo ramo a montante, ao mesmo tempo que publica."
 
-#: bundle.c:394
+#: branch.c:265
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'."
+msgstr "Nome de objeto inválido: '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:285
+#, c-format
+msgid "Ambiguous object name: '%s'."
+msgstr "Nome de objeto ambíguo: '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:290
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid branch point: '%s'."
+msgstr "Ponto no ramo inválido: '%s'."
+
+#: branch.c:344
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' foi já extraído em '%s'"
+
+#: branch.c:364
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD of working tree %s is not updated"
+msgstr "HEAD da árvore de trabalho %s não está atualizada"
+
+#: bundle.c:34
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
+msgstr "'%s' não parece ser um ficheiro bundle v2"
+
+#: bundle.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
+msgstr "cabeçalho não reconhecido: %s%s (%d)"
+
+#: bundle.c:87 sequencer.c:1339 sequencer.c:1760 builtin/commit.c:777
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível abrir '%s'"
+
+#: bundle.c:139
+msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
+msgstr "O repositório não possuí estes commits pré-requisitados:"
+
+#: bundle.c:163 ref-filter.c:1852 sequencer.c:1162 sequencer.c:2299
+#: builtin/blame.c:2811 builtin/commit.c:1061 builtin/log.c:353
+#: builtin/log.c:897 builtin/log.c:1347 builtin/log.c:1673 builtin/log.c:1916
+#: builtin/merge.c:359 builtin/shortlog.c:176
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr "falha ao configurar percurso de revisões"
+
+#: bundle.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle contains this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle contains these %d refs:"
+msgstr[0] "O bundle contém esta referência:"
+msgstr[1] "O bundle contém estas %d referências:"
+
+#: bundle.c:192
+msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
+msgstr "O pacote regista um histórico completo."
+
+#: bundle.c:194
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle requires this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs:"
+msgstr[0] "O bundle requer esta referência:"
+msgstr[1] "O bundle requer estas %d referências:"
+
+#: bundle.c:253
 msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
-msgstr "Não foi possível pawn pack-objects"
+msgstr "Não foi possível lançar pack-objects"
 
-#: bundle.c:412
+#: bundle.c:264
 msgid "pack-objects died"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "pack-objects terminou inesperadamente"
+
+#: bundle.c:304
+msgid "rev-list died"
+msgstr "rev-list terminou inesperadamente"
+
+#: bundle.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
+msgstr "a referência '%s' é excluída pelas opções de rev-list"
 
-#: bundle.c:415
+#: bundle.c:443 builtin/log.c:170 builtin/log.c:1579 builtin/shortlog.c:281
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
+msgstr "argumento não reconhecido: %s"
+
+#: bundle.c:451
+msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
+msgstr "Criação de bundle vazio recusada."
+
+#: bundle.c:463
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot create '%s'"
-msgstr "não consegue crear '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possível criar '%s'"
 
-#: bundle.c:437
+#: bundle.c:491
 msgid "index-pack died"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "index-pack terminou inesperadamente"
+
+#: color.c:300
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid color value: %.*s"
+msgstr "valor de cor inválido: %.*s"
 
-#: commit.c:48
+#: commit.c:40 sequencer.c:1572 builtin/am.c:421 builtin/am.c:457
+#: builtin/am.c:1493 builtin/am.c:2127
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not parse %s"
-msgstr "não consigo parsear %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível analisar %s"
 
-#: commit.c:50
+#: commit.c:42
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
 msgstr "%s %s não é um commit!"
 
-#: compat/obstack.c:406
-#: compat/obstack.c:408
+#: commit.c:1511
+msgid ""
+"Warning: commit message did not conform to UTF-8.\n"
+"You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
+"variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"aviso: a mensagem de commit não conforma com UTF-8.\n"
+"Pode querer emendá-lo depois de corrigir a mensagem ou definir a\n"
+"variável de configuração i18n.commitencoding com a codificação que\n"
+"o seu projeto utiliza.\n"
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:406 compat/obstack.c:408
 msgid "memory exhausted"
 msgstr "memória esgotada"
 
-#: connected.c:39
+#: config.c:191
+msgid "relative config include conditionals must come from files"
+msgstr "configuração relativa com inclusão condicional deve provir de ficheiros"
+
+#: config.c:701
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in blob %s"
+msgstr "linha de configuração %d incorreta no blob %s"
+
+#: config.c:705
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in file %s"
+msgstr "linha de configuração %d incorreta no ficheiro %s"
+
+#: config.c:709
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in standard input"
+msgstr "linha de configuração %d incorreta na entrada padrão"
+
+#: config.c:713
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in submodule-blob %s"
+msgstr "linha de configuração %d incorreta no submódulo-blob %s"
+
+#: config.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in command line %s"
+msgstr "linha de configuração %d incorreta na linha de comandos %s"
+
+#: config.c:721
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in %s"
+msgstr "linha de configuração %d incorreta em %s"
+
+#: config.c:840
+msgid "out of range"
+msgstr "fora de intervalo"
+
+#: config.c:840
+msgid "invalid unit"
+msgstr "unidade inválida"
+
+#: config.c:846
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': %s"
+msgstr "valor numérico '%s' da configuração '%s' incorreto: %s"
+
+#: config.c:851
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in blob %s: %s"
+msgstr "valor numérico '%s' da configuração '%s' incorreto no blob %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:854
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in file %s: %s"
+msgstr "valor numérico '%s' da configuração '%s' incorreto no ficheiro %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:857
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in standard input: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"valor numérico '%s' da configuração '%s' incorreto na entrada padrão: %s"
+
+#: config.c:860
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in submodule-blob %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"valor numérico '%s' da configuração '%s' incorreto no submódulo-blob %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:863
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in command line %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"valor numérico '%s' da configuração '%s' incorreto na linha de comandos %s: "
+"%s"
+
+#: config.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
+msgstr "valor numérico '%s' da configuração '%s' incorreto em %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:953
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to expand user dir in: '%s'"
+msgstr "falha ao expandir diretório de utilizador em: '%s'"
+
+#: config.c:1048 config.c:1059
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad zlib compression level %d"
+msgstr "nível de compressão zlib %d incorreto"
+
+#: config.c:1176
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid mode for object creation: %s"
+msgstr "modo inválido para criação de objeto: %s"
+
+#: config.c:1332
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack compression level %d"
+msgstr "nível de compactação do pacote %d incorreto"
+
+#: config.c:1522
+msgid "unable to parse command-line config"
+msgstr "não é possível analisar configuração de linha de comandos"
+
+#: config.c:1572
+msgid "unknown error occurred while reading the configuration files"
+msgstr ""
+"ocorreu um erro desconhecido durante a leitura dos ficheiros de configuração"
+
+#: config.c:1931
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "Inválido %s: '%s'"
+
+#: config.c:1952
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown core.untrackedCache value '%s'; using 'keep' default value"
+msgstr ""
+"valor '%s' de core.untrackedCache desconhecido; usar 'keep' valor por omissão"
+
+#: config.c:1978
+#, c-format
+msgid "splitIndex.maxPercentChange value '%d' should be between 0 and 100"
+msgstr "o valor '%d' de splitIndex.maxPercentChange deve estar entre 0 e 100"
+
+#: config.c:1989
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse '%s' from command-line config"
+msgstr "não é possível analisar '%s' da configuração de linha de comandos"
+
+#: config.c:1991
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config variable '%s' in file '%s' at line %d"
+msgstr "variável de configuração '%s' incorreta no ficheiro '%s' na linha %d"
+
+#: config.c:2050
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has multiple values"
+msgstr "%s tem múltiplos valores"
+
+#: config.c:2384 config.c:2609
+#, c-format
+msgid "fstat on %s failed"
+msgstr "falha de fstat de %s"
+
+#: config.c:2502
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not set '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível definir '%s' como '%s'"
+
+#: config.c:2504 builtin/remote.c:774
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not unset '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível reiniciar '%s'"
+
+#: connect.c:49
+msgid "The remote end hung up upon initial contact"
+msgstr "O remoto desligou após contacto inicial"
+
+#: connect.c:51
+msgid ""
+"Could not read from remote repository.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please make sure you have the correct access rights\n"
+"and the repository exists."
+msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível ler do repositório remoto.\n"
+"\n"
+"Certifica-se que tem os direitos de acesso corretos\n"
+"e que o repositório existe."
+
+#: connected.c:63 builtin/fsck.c:190 builtin/prune.c:140
+msgid "Checking connectivity"
+msgstr "A verificar conectividade"
+
+#: connected.c:75
 msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
 msgstr "Não foi possível executar 'git rev-list'"
 
-#: connected.c:48
+#: connected.c:95
+msgid "failed write to rev-list"
+msgstr "falha ao escrever para rev-list"
+
+#: connected.c:102
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin"
+msgstr "falha ao fechar entrada padrão de rev-list"
+
+#: convert.c:201
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
+msgid ""
+"CRLF will be replaced by LF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
 msgstr ""
+"CRLF será substituído por LF em %s.\n"
+"O final de linha original será mantido no ficheiro da sua árvore de trabalho."
+
+#: convert.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "CRLF would be replaced by LF in %s."
+msgstr "CRLF será substituído por LF em %s."
 
-#: connected.c:56
+#: convert.c:211
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
+msgid ""
+"LF will be replaced by CRLF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
 msgstr ""
+"LF será substituído por CRLF em %s.\n"
+"O final de linha original será mantido no ficheiro da sua árvore de trabalho."
 
-#: date.c:95
+#: convert.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "LF would be replaced by CRLF in %s"
+msgstr "LF será substituído por CRLF em %s."
+
+#: date.c:97
 msgid "in the future"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "no futuro"
 
-#: date.c:101
+#: date.c:103
 #, c-format
 msgid "%lu second ago"
 msgid_plural "%lu seconds ago"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgstr[0] "há %lu segundo"
+msgstr[1] "há %lu segundos"
 
-#: date.c:108
+#: date.c:110
 #, c-format
 msgid "%lu minute ago"
 msgid_plural "%lu minutes ago"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgstr[0] "há %lu minuto"
+msgstr[1] "há %lu minutos"
 
-#: date.c:115
+#: date.c:117
 #, c-format
 msgid "%lu hour ago"
 msgid_plural "%lu hours ago"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgstr[0] "há %lu hora"
+msgstr[1] "há %lu horas"
 
-#: date.c:122
+#: date.c:124
 #, c-format
 msgid "%lu day ago"
 msgid_plural "%lu days ago"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgstr[0] "há %lu dia"
+msgstr[1] "há %lu dias"
 
-#: date.c:128
+#: date.c:130
 #, c-format
 msgid "%lu week ago"
 msgid_plural "%lu weeks ago"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgstr[0] "há %lu semana"
+msgstr[1] "há %lu semanas"
 
-#: date.c:135
+#: date.c:137
 #, c-format
 msgid "%lu month ago"
 msgid_plural "%lu months ago"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgstr[0] "há %lu mês"
+msgstr[1] "há %lu meses"
 
-#: date.c:146
+#: date.c:148
 #, c-format
 msgid "%lu year"
 msgid_plural "%lu years"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgstr[0] "%lu ano"
+msgstr[1] "%lu anos"
 
-#: date.c:149
+#. TRANSLATORS: "%s" is "<n> years"
+#: date.c:151
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s, %lu month ago"
 msgid_plural "%s, %lu months ago"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgstr[0] "há %s e %lu mês"
+msgstr[1] "há %s e %lu meses"
 
-#: date.c:154
-#: date.c:159
+#: date.c:156 date.c:161
 #, c-format
 msgid "%lu year ago"
 msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgstr[0] "há %lu ano"
+msgstr[1] "há %lu anos"
 
-#: diff.c:105
+#: diffcore-order.c:24
 #, c-format
-msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%.*s'\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "failed to read orderfile '%s'"
+msgstr "falha ao ler o ficheiro de comando '%s'"
+
+#: diffcore-rename.c:536
+msgid "Performing inexact rename detection"
+msgstr "Deteção de mudança de nome inexata em curso"
 
-#: diff.c:110
+#: diff.c:62
 #, c-format
-msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%.*s'\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "option '%s' requires a value"
+msgstr "a opção '%s' requer um valor"
+
+#: diff.c:124
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
+msgstr "  Falha ao analisar percentagem limite de dirstat '%s'\n"
+
+#: diff.c:129
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
+msgstr "  Parâmetro de dirstat desconhecido '%s'\n"
 
-#: diff.c:210
+#: diff.c:281
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
+msgstr "Valor desconhecido na variável de configuração 'diff.submodule': '%s'"
+
+#: diff.c:344
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
 "%s"
 msgstr ""
+"Erros encontrados na variável de configuração 'diff.dirstat':\n"
+"%s"
 
-#: diff.c:1400
-msgid " 0 files changed\n"
-msgstr " 0 ficheros modificados\n"
-
-#: diff.c:1404
+#: diff.c:3102
 #, c-format
-msgid " %d file changed"
-msgid_plural " %d files changed"
-msgstr[0] " %d ficheiro modificado"
-msgstr[1] " %d ficheiros modificados"
+msgid "external diff died, stopping at %s"
+msgstr "o diff externo terminou inesperadamente, interrompido em %s"
 
-#: diff.c:1421
-#, c-format
-msgid ", %d insertion(+)"
-msgid_plural ", %d insertions(+)"
-msgstr[0] ", %d adição(+)"
-msgstr[1] ", %d adições(+)"
+#: diff.c:3428
+msgid "--name-only, --name-status, --check and -s are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "--name-only, --name-status, --check e -s são mutuamente exclusivos"
 
-#: diff.c:1432
-#, c-format
-msgid ", %d deletion(-)"
-msgid_plural ", %d deletions(-)"
-msgstr[0] ", %d eliminado(-)"
-msgstr[1] ", %d eliminados(-)"
+#: diff.c:3518
+msgid "--follow requires exactly one pathspec"
+msgstr "--follow requer exatamente um único especificador de caminho"
 
-#: diff.c:3478
+#: diff.c:3681
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
 "%s"
 msgstr ""
+"Falha ao analisar parâmetro da opção --dirstat/-X:\n"
+"%s"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:59
-msgid "could not run gpg."
-msgstr "não consegue ejecutar gpg."
+#: diff.c:3695
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
+msgstr "Falha ao analisar parâmetro da opção --submodule: '%s'"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:71
-msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
+#: diff.c:4719
+msgid "inexact rename detection was skipped due to too many files."
 msgstr ""
+"a deteção mudança de nome inexata foi omitida devido a demasiados ficheiros."
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:82
-msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
+#: diff.c:4722
+msgid "only found copies from modified paths due to too many files."
 msgstr ""
+"só foram encontradas cópias de caminhos modificados devido a demasiados "
+"ficheiros."
 
-#: grep.c:1280
+#: diff.c:4725
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
+msgid ""
+"you may want to set your %s variable to at least %d and retry the command."
 msgstr ""
+"pode tentar definir a variável %s para, pelo menos, %d e repetir o comando."
+
+#: dir.c:1899
+msgid "failed to get kernel name and information"
+msgstr "falha ao obter nome e informação do kernel"
 
-#: grep.c:1297
+#: dir.c:2018
+msgid "Untracked cache is disabled on this system or location."
+msgstr "A cache não controlada está desativada neste sistema ou localização."
+
+#: dir.c:2776 dir.c:2781
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': %s"
-msgstr "'%s': %s"
+msgid "could not create directories for %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível criar o diretórios para %s"
 
-#: grep.c:1308
+#: dir.c:2806
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': short read %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "could not migrate git directory from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível migrar o diretório git de '%s' para '%s'"
+
+#: entry.c:280
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat file '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível obter stat do ficheiro '%s'"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:249
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected shallow list"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: esperava-se lista rasa"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:261
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: esperava-se ACK/NAK, obteve-se EOF"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: esperava-se ACK/NAK, obteve-se '%s'"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:331
+msgid "--stateless-rpc requires multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "--stateless-rpc requer multi_ack_detailed"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:417
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid shallow line: %s"
+msgstr "linha rasa inválida: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:423
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid unshallow line: %s"
+msgstr "linha para aprofundar inválida: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:425
+#, c-format
+msgid "object not found: %s"
+msgstr "objeto não encontrado: %s"
 
-#: help.c:207
+#: fetch-pack.c:428
+#, c-format
+msgid "error in object: %s"
+msgstr "erro no objeto: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:430
+#, c-format
+msgid "no shallow found: %s"
+msgstr "raso não encontrado: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:433
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected shallow/unshallow, got %s"
+msgstr "esperava-se raso/aprofundar, obteve-se %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:472
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s %d %s"
+msgstr "obteve-se %s %d %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:486
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit %s"
+msgstr "commit inválido %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:519
+msgid "giving up"
+msgstr "desistência"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:529 progress.c:235
+msgid "done"
+msgstr "concluído"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:541
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s (%d) %s"
+msgstr "obteve-se %s (%d) %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:587
+#, c-format
+msgid "Marking %s as complete"
+msgstr "Marcado %s como completo"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:735
+#, c-format
+msgid "already have %s (%s)"
+msgstr "já se tem %s (%s)"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:773
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "fetch-pack: não é possível efetuar fork de sideband demultiplexer"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:781
+msgid "protocol error: bad pack header"
+msgstr "erro de protocolo: cabeçalho de pacote incorreto"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:837
+#, c-format
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off %s"
+msgstr "fetch-pack: não é possível criar processo filho %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:853
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s failed"
+msgstr "%s falhou"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:855
+msgid "error in sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "erro no sideband demultiplexer"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:882
+msgid "Server does not support shallow clients"
+msgstr "O servidor não suporta clientes rasos"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:886
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "O servidor suporta multi_ack_detailed"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:889
+msgid "Server supports no-done"
+msgstr "O servidor suporta no-done"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:895
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack"
+msgstr "O servidor suporta muilti_ack"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:899
+msgid "Server supports side-band-64k"
+msgstr "O servidor suporta side-band-64k"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:903
+msgid "Server supports side-band"
+msgstr "O servidor suporta side-band"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:907
+msgid "Server supports allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "O servidor suporta allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:911
+msgid "Server supports allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "O servidor suporta allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:921
+msgid "Server supports ofs-delta"
+msgstr "O servidor suporta ofs-delta"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:928
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server version is %.*s"
+msgstr "A versão do servidor é %.*s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:934
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-since"
+msgstr "O servidor não suporta --shallow-since"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:938
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-exclude"
+msgstr "O servidor não suporta --shallow-exclude"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:940
+msgid "Server does not support --deepen"
+msgstr "O servidor não suporta --deepen"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:951
+msgid "no common commits"
+msgstr "nenhum commit em comum"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:963
+msgid "git fetch-pack: fetch failed."
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: falha ao obter."
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1125
+msgid "no matching remote head"
+msgstr "nenhuma cabeça remota correspondente"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1147
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such remote ref %s"
+msgstr "referência remota %s inexistente"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1150
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server does not allow request for unadvertised object %s"
+msgstr "O servidor não permite pedido do objeto não anunciado %s"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:185
+msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
+msgstr "gpg não assinou os dados"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:215
+msgid "could not create temporary file"
+msgstr "não foi possível criar ficheiro temporário"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:217
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s'"
+msgstr "falha ao escrever assinatura destacada em '%s'"
+
+#: graph.c:96
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignore invalid color '%.*s' in log.graphColors"
+msgstr "ignorar cor inválida '%.*s' em log.graphColors"
+
+#: grep.c:1796
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
+msgstr "'%s': não foi possível ler %s"
+
+#: grep.c:1813 builtin/clone.c:399 builtin/diff.c:81 builtin/rm.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr "falha ao invocar stat de '%s'"
+
+#: grep.c:1824
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': short read"
+msgstr "'%s': leitura truncada"
+
+#: help.c:218
 #, c-format
 msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "comandos do git disponível em '%s'"
 
-#: help.c:214
+#: help.c:225
 msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "comandos do git disponíveis noutras localizações em $PATH"
 
-#: help.c:270
+#: help.c:256
+msgid "These are common Git commands used in various situations:"
+msgstr "Estes são comandos do Git comuns usados em diversas situações:"
+
+#: help.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
 "able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
 msgstr ""
+"'%s' parece ser um comando do git, mas não é possível\n"
+"executá-lo. Talvez git-%s esteja danificado?"
 
-#: help.c:327
+#: help.c:376
 msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Oh não. Não há nenhum comando do Git disponível no sistema."
 
-#: help.c:349
+#: help.c:398
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
 "Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
 msgstr ""
+"AVISO: Invocou um comando do Git designado '%s' que não existe.\n"
+"Continuando, assumindo que queria dizer '%s'"
 
-#: help.c:354
+#: help.c:403
 #, c-format
 msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "automaticamente em %0.1f..."
 
-#: help.c:361
+#: help.c:410
 #, c-format
 msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git: '%s' não é um comando do git. Consulte 'git --help'."
 
-#: help.c:365
+#: help.c:414 help.c:480
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Did you mean this?"
@@ -336,23 +1880,930 @@ msgid_plural ""
 "\n"
 "Did you mean one of these?"
 msgstr[0] ""
+"\n"
+"Queria dizer isto?"
 msgstr[1] ""
+"\n"
+"Queria dizer deste?"
+
+#: help.c:476
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s - %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s - %s"
+
+#: ident.c:343
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"*** Please tell me who you are.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"\n"
+"to set your account's default identity.\n"
+"Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"*** Por favor diga que é.\n"
+"\n"
+"Execute\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"eu@exemplo.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Meu Nome\"\n"
+"\n"
+"para definir a identidade predefinida da sua conta.\n"
+"Omita --global para definir a identidade apenas neste repositório.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: ident.c:367
+msgid "no email was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "nenhum e-mail indicado e a deteção automática está desativada"
+
+#: ident.c:372
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to auto-detect email address (got '%s')"
+msgstr ""
+"não é possível detetar automaticamente endereço de e-mail (obteve-se '%s')"
+
+#: ident.c:382
+msgid "no name was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "nenhum nome indicado e a deteção automática está desativada"
+
+#: ident.c:388
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to auto-detect name (got '%s')"
+msgstr "não é possível detetar automaticamente o nome (obteve-se '%s')"
+
+#: ident.c:396
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty ident name (for <%s>) not allowed"
+msgstr "nome de identificação vazio (de <%s>) não é permitido"
+
+#: ident.c:402
+#, c-format
+msgid "name consists only of disallowed characters: %s"
+msgstr "nome consiste apenas de caracteres não permitidos: %s"
+
+#: ident.c:417 builtin/commit.c:611
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid date format: %s"
+msgstr "formato de data inválido: %s"
+
+#: lockfile.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to create '%s.lock': %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another git process seems to be running in this repository, e.g.\n"
+"an editor opened by 'git commit'. Please make sure all processes\n"
+"are terminated then try again. If it still fails, a git process\n"
+"may have crashed in this repository earlier:\n"
+"remove the file manually to continue."
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível criar '%s.lock': %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Outro processo git parece estar a executar neste repositório, e.g.\n"
+"um editor aberto por 'git commit'. Certifique-se que todos os processos\n"
+"terminaram e tente de novo. Se ainda assim falhar, um processo git\n"
+"pode ter falhado anteriormente no repositório:\n"
+"remova o ficheiro manualmente para continuar."
+
+#: lockfile.c:160
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to create '%s.lock': %s"
+msgstr "Não é foi possível criar '%s.lock': %s"
+
+#: merge.c:41
+msgid "failed to read the cache"
+msgstr "falha ao ler a cache"
+
+#: merge.c:96 builtin/am.c:2000 builtin/am.c:2035 builtin/checkout.c:393
+#: builtin/checkout.c:607 builtin/clone.c:749
+msgid "unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "não foi possível escrever novo ficheiro de índice"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:209
+msgid "(bad commit)\n"
+msgstr "(commit incorreto)\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:231 merge-recursive.c:239
+#, c-format
+msgid "addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "addinfo_cache falhou no caminho '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:303
+msgid "error building trees"
+msgstr "erro ao construir árvores"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:727
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create path '%s'%s"
+msgstr "falha ao criar o caminho '%s'%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:738
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"
+msgstr "A remover %s para criar espaço para o subdiretório\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:752 merge-recursive.c:771
+msgid ": perhaps a D/F conflict?"
+msgstr ": talvez um conflito D/F?"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:761
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"
+msgstr "perda de ficheiro não controlado em '%s' recusada"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:803 builtin/cat-file.c:34
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possível ler o objeto %s: '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:805
+#, c-format
+msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
+msgstr "blob para %s '%s' esperado"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:829
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to open '%s': %s"
+msgstr "falha ao abrir '%s': %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:840
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to symlink '%s': %s"
+msgstr "falha ao criar a ligação simbólica '%s': %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:845
+#, c-format
+msgid "do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"
+msgstr "não sei o que fazer com %06o %s '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:985
+msgid "Failed to execute internal merge"
+msgstr "Falha ao executar integração interna"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:989
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add %s to database"
+msgstr "Não é possível adicionar %s à base de dados"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1092
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree."
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLITO (%s/eliminar): %s eliminado em %s e %s em %s. Versão de %s de %s "
+"deixada na árvore."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1097
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree."
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLITO (%s/eliminar): %s eliminado em %s e %s para %s em %s. Versão de %s "
+"de %s deixada na árvore."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1104
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLITO (%s/eliminar): %s eliminado em %s e %s em %s. Versão de %s de %s "
+"deixada na árvore em %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1109
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLITO (%s/eliminar): %s eliminado em %s e %s para %s em %s. Versão de %s "
+"de %s deixada na árvore em %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1143
+msgid "rename"
+msgstr "mudar nome"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1143
+msgid "renamed"
+msgstr "nome mudado"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1200
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "%s é um diretório em %s adicionando %s no seu lugar"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1225
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" rename \"%s"
+"\"->\"%s\" in \"%s\"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLITO (mudar nome/mudar nome): Mudar o nome \"%s\"->\"%s\" no ramo \"%s\" "
+"mudar o nome \"%s\"->\"%s\" em \"%s\"%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1230
+msgid " (left unresolved)"
+msgstr " (por resolver)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1292
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename %s->%s in %s. Rename %s->%s in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLITO (mudar nome/mudar nome): Mudar de nome %s->%s em %s. Mudar o nome "
+"%s->%s em %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1325
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
+msgstr "A mudar o nome de %s para %s e de %s para %s, em alternativa"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1528
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. %s added in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLITO (mudar nome/adicionar): Mudar o nome %s->%s em %s. %s adicionado em "
+"%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1543
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding merged %s"
+msgstr "A adicionar %s integrado"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1550 merge-recursive.c:1780
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "A adicionar como %s, em alternativa."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1607
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler o objeto %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1610
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s is not a blob"
+msgstr "o objeto %s não é um blob"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1679
+msgid "modify"
+msgstr "modificar"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1679
+msgid "modified"
+msgstr "modificado"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1689
+msgid "content"
+msgstr "conteúdo"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1696
+msgid "add/add"
+msgstr "adicionar/adicionar"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1732
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"
+msgstr "%s ignorado (integrado é igual ao existente)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1746
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto-merging %s"
+msgstr "A integrar automaticamente %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1750 git-submodule.sh:944
+msgid "submodule"
+msgstr "submódulo"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1751
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"
+msgstr "CONFLITO (%s): conflito de integração em %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1845
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s"
+msgstr "A remover %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1871
+msgid "file/directory"
+msgstr "ficheiro/diretório"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1877
+msgid "directory/file"
+msgstr "diretório/ficheiro"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1883
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. Adding %s as %s"
+msgstr ""
+"CONFLITO (%s): Há um diretório designado %s em %s. A adicionar %s como %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1892
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "A adicionar %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1929
+msgid "Already up-to-date!"
+msgstr "Já está atualizado!"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1938
+#, c-format
+msgid "merging of trees %s and %s failed"
+msgstr "falha ao integrar as árvores %s e %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2021
+msgid "Merging:"
+msgstr "A integrar:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2034
+#, c-format
+msgid "found %u common ancestor:"
+msgid_plural "found %u common ancestors:"
+msgstr[0] "%u antecessor comum encontrado:"
+msgstr[1] "%u antecessores comuns encontrados:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2073
+msgid "merge returned no commit"
+msgstr "a integração não retornou nenhum commit"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2136
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "Não foi possível analisar o objeto '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2150 builtin/merge.c:645 builtin/merge.c:792
+msgid "Unable to write index."
+msgstr "Não é possível escrever no índice."
+
+#: notes-merge.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your previous notes merge (%s exists).\n"
+"Please, use 'git notes merge --commit' or 'git notes merge --abort' to "
+"commit/abort the previous merge before you start a new notes merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Não concluíu a integração de notas anterior (%s existe).\n"
+"Use 'git notes merge --commit' ou 'git notes merge --abort' para submeter/"
+"abortar a integração anterior antes de começar uma nova integração de notas."
+
+#: notes-merge.c:280
+#, c-format
+msgid "You have not concluded your notes merge (%s exists)."
+msgstr "Não concluído a integração de integração de notas (%s presente)."
+
+#: notes-utils.c:41
+msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível submeter árvore de notas não inicializada ou não referenciada"
+
+#: notes-utils.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
+msgstr "Valor de notes.rewriteMode incorreto: '%s'"
+
+#: notes-utils.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "Reescrita de notas em %s (fora de refs/notes/) recusada"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
+#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
+#: notes-utils.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
+msgstr "Valor incorreto de %s: '%s'"
+
+#: object.c:240
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse object: %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível analisar o objeto: %s"
+
+#: parse-options.c:572
+msgid "..."
+msgstr "..."
+
+#: parse-options.c:590
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s"
+msgstr "utilização: %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation
+#: parse-options.c:594
+#, c-format
+msgid "   or: %s"
+msgstr "        ou: %s"
+
+#: parse-options.c:597
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %s"
+msgstr "         %s"
+
+#: parse-options.c:631
+msgid "-NUM"
+msgstr "-NUM"
+
+#: parse-options-cb.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr "nome do objeto malformado '%s'"
+
+#: path.c:805
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr "Não foi possível dar permissão de escrita ao grupo a %s"
+
+#: pathspec.c:125
+msgid "Escape character '\\' not allowed as last character in attr value"
+msgstr ""
+"O carácter de escape '\\' não pode ser usado como último carácter no valor "
+"de attr"
+
+#: pathspec.c:143
+msgid "Only one 'attr:' specification is allowed."
+msgstr "Só se pode especificar um 'attr:'."
+
+#: pathspec.c:146
+msgid "attr spec must not be empty"
+msgstr "especificador attr não pode estar vazio"
+
+#: pathspec.c:189
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid attribute name %s"
+msgstr "nome de atributo inválido %s"
+
+#: pathspec.c:254
+msgid "global 'glob' and 'noglob' pathspec settings are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+"as definições globais 'glob' e 'noglob' de especificador de caminho "
+"(pathspec) são incompatíveis"
+
+#: pathspec.c:261
+msgid ""
+"global 'literal' pathspec setting is incompatible with all other global "
+"pathspec settings"
+msgstr ""
+"a definição global de especificador de caminho 'literal' é incompatível com "
+"todas as outras definições globais de especificador de caminho (pathspec)"
+
+#: pathspec.c:301
+msgid "invalid parameter for pathspec magic 'prefix'"
+msgstr "parâmetro inválido na mágica 'prefix' do especificador de caminho"
+
+#: pathspec.c:322
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid pathspec magic '%.*s' in '%s'"
+msgstr "Mágica do especificador de caminho '%.*s' inválida em '%s'"
 
-#: remote.c:1607
+#: pathspec.c:327
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing ')' at the end of pathspec magic in '%s'"
+msgstr "Falta um ')' no final da mágica do especificador de caminho em '%s'"
+
+#: pathspec.c:365
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unimplemented pathspec magic '%c' in '%s'"
+msgstr "Mágica de especificador de caminho '%c' em '%s' não implementada"
+
+#: pathspec.c:421 pathspec.c:443
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "O caminho '%s' está dentro do submódulo '%.*s'"
+
+#: pathspec.c:483
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: 'literal' and 'glob' are incompatible"
+msgstr "%s: 'literal' e 'glob' são incompatíveis"
+
+#: pathspec.c:496
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: '%s' is outside repository"
+msgstr "%s: '%s' está fora do repositório"
+
+#: pathspec.c:584
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' (mnemonic: '%c')"
+msgstr "'%s' (mnemónica: '%c')"
+
+#: pathspec.c:594
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: pathspec magic not supported by this command: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"%s: mágica de especificador de caminho não suportada por este comando: %s"
+
+#: pathspec.c:644
+msgid ""
+"empty strings as pathspecs will be made invalid in upcoming releases. please "
+"use . instead if you meant to match all paths"
+msgstr ""
+"cadeias de caracteres vazias como especificadores de caminho tornar-se-ão "
+"inválidas nas próximas versões. Use . para corresponder a todos os caminhos"
+
+#: pathspec.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "pathspec '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "o especificador de caminho '%s' é indicado por uma ligação simbólica"
+
+#: pretty.c:982
+msgid "unable to parse --pretty format"
+msgstr "não foi possível analisar o formato de --pretty"
+
+#: read-cache.c:1307
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"index.version set, but the value is invalid.\n"
+"Using version %i"
+msgstr ""
+"index.version definido, mas com valor inválido.\n"
+"A usar a versão %i"
+
+#: read-cache.c:1317
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"GIT_INDEX_VERSION set, but the value is invalid.\n"
+"Using version %i"
+msgstr ""
+"GIT_INDEX_VERSION definido, mas com valor inválido.\n"
+"A usar a versão %i"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2232
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat '%s"
+msgstr "não foi possível obter stat de '%s'"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2245
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open git dir: %s"
+msgstr "não é possível diretório git: %s"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2257
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to unlink: %s"
+msgstr "não é possível invocar unlink: %s"
+
+#: refs.c:619 builtin/merge.c:844
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "Não foi possível abrir '%s' para escrita"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:2531
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete reference %s: %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível eliminar a referência %s: %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:2534
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete references: %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível eliminar as referências: %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:2543
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove reference %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível eliminar a referência %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:35 wt-status.c:1780
+msgid "gone"
+msgstr "desaparecido"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d"
+msgstr "à frente %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:37
+#, c-format
+msgid "behind %d"
+msgstr "atrás %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:38
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d, behind %d"
+msgstr "à frente %d, atrás %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:104
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(color:<color>)"
+msgstr "formato esperado: %%(color:<cor>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized color: %%(color:%s)"
+msgstr "cor não reconhecida: %%(color:%s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:120
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:lstrip=%s"
+msgstr "valor inteiro esperado refname:lstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:124
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:rstrip=%s"
+msgstr "Valor inteiro esperado refname:rstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:126
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(%s) argument: %s"
+msgstr "argumento de %%(%s) não reconhecido: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:166
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(body) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(body) não leva argumentos"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(subject) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(subject) não leva argumentos"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:180
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(trailers) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(trailers) não leva argumentos"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:199
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected contents:lines=%s"
+msgstr "valor positivo esperado contents:lines=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:201
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(contents) argument: %s"
+msgstr "argumento de %%(contents) não reconhecido: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:214
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected objectname:short=%s"
+msgstr "valor positivo esperado objectname:short=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(objectname) argument: %s"
+msgstr "argumento de %%(objectname) não reconhecido: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:245
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(align:<width>,<position>)"
+msgstr "formato esperado: %%(align:<largura>,<posição>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:257
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized position:%s"
+msgstr "posição não reconhecida:%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:261
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized width:%s"
+msgstr "largura não reconhecida:%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:267
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(align) argument: %s"
+msgstr "argumento de %%(align) não reconhecido: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:271
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive width expected with the %%(align) atom"
+msgstr "largura positiva esperada com o átomo %%(algn)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(if) argument: %s"
+msgstr "argumento de %%(if) não reconhecido: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:371
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "nome de ficheiro malformado: %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:397
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "nome do campo desconhecido: %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:501
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(if) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "formato: átomo %%(if) utilizado sem átomo %%(then) correspondente"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:561
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "formato: átomo %%(then) utilizado sem átomo %%(if) correspondente"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:563
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "formato: átomo %%(then) utilizado mais que uma vez"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:565
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used after %%(else)"
+msgstr "formato: átomo %%(then) utilizado depois de %%(else)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:591
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "formato: átomo %%(else) utilizado sem átomo %%(if) correspondente"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:593
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "formato: átomo %%(else) utilizado sem átomo %%(then) correspondente"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:595
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "formato: átomo %%(else) utilizado mais que uma vez"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:608
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom used without corresponding atom"
+msgstr "formato: átomo %%(end) utilizado sem átomo correspondente"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:663
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed format string %s"
+msgstr "cadeia malformada %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1247
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
+msgstr "(nenhum ramo, a efetuar rebase de %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1250
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
+msgstr "(nenhum ramo, bissecção iniciada em %s)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches
+#. "HEAD detached at " in wt-status.c
+#: ref-filter.c:1256
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached at %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD destacada em %s)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches
+#. "HEAD detached from " in wt-status.c
+#: ref-filter.c:1261
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached from %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD destacada de %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1265
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr "(nenhum ramo)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1420 ref-filter.c:1451
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing object %s for %s"
+msgstr "falta o objeto %s de %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1423 ref-filter.c:1454
+#, c-format
+msgid "parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s"
+msgstr "falha ao invocar parse_object_buffer sobre %s de %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1692
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr "objeto malformado em '%s'"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1759
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring ref with broken name %s"
+msgstr "a referência %s com nome danificado foi ignorada"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1764
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring broken ref %s"
+msgstr "a referência %s danificada foi ignorada"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2028
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom missing"
+msgstr "formato: falta átomo %%(end)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2109
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr "nome de objeto malformado %s"
+
+#: remote.c:754
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot fetch both %s and %s to %s"
+msgstr "Não é possível obter %s e %s ao mesmo tempo para %s"
+
+#: remote.c:758
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s usually tracks %s, not %s"
+msgstr "%s geralmente segue %s, não %s"
+
+#: remote.c:762
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s tracks both %s and %s"
+msgstr "%s segue %s e %s em simultâneo"
+
+#: remote.c:770
+msgid "Internal error"
+msgstr "Erro interno"
+
+#: remote.c:1685 remote.c:1787
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr "HEAD não aponta para um ramo"
+
+#: remote.c:1694
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr "ramo inexistente: '%s'"
+
+#: remote.c:1697
+#, c-format
+msgid "no upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr "nenhum ramo a montante configurado para o ramo '%s'"
+
+#: remote.c:1703
+#, c-format
+msgid "upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+"o ramo a montante '%s' não está guardado como um ramo de monitorização remoto"
+
+#: remote.c:1718
+#, c-format
+msgid "push destination '%s' on remote '%s' has no local tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+"o destino de publicação '%s' no remoto '%s' não é seguido por nenhum ramo "
+"local"
+
+#: remote.c:1730
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' has no remote for pushing"
+msgstr "o ramo '%s' não tem nenhum remoto para publicar"
+
+#: remote.c:1741
+#, c-format
+msgid "push refspecs for '%s' do not include '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"'%2$s' não faz parte dos especificadores de referência de '%1$s' para "
+"publicação"
+
+#: remote.c:1754
+msgid "push has no destination (push.default is 'nothing')"
+msgstr "publicação sem destino (push.default é 'nothing')"
+
+#: remote.c:1776
+msgid "cannot resolve 'simple' push to a single destination"
+msgstr "não é possível resolver a publicação 'simple' num único destino"
+
+#: remote.c:2081
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is based on '%s', but the upstream is gone.\n"
+msgstr "A base do seu ramo é '%s', mas o ramo a montante desapareceu.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:2085
+msgid "  (use \"git branch --unset-upstream\" to fixup)\n"
+msgstr "  (use \"git branch --unset-upstream\" para corrigir)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:2088
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is up-to-date with '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "O seu ramo está atualizado com '%s'.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:2092
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
 msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
-msgstr[0] "A sua rama está à frente de '%s' pelo commit %d.\n"
-msgstr[1] "A sua rama está à frente de '%s' pelos commites %d.\n"
+msgstr[0] "O seu ramo está à frente de '%s' por %d commit.\n"
+msgstr[1] "O seu ramo está à frente de '%s' por %d commits.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:2098
+msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
+msgstr "  (use \"git push\" para publicar os commits locais)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1613
+#: remote.c:2101
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
-msgid_plural "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgstr[0] ""
+"O seu ramo está atrás de '%s' por %d commit, podendo ser atualizado com "
+"avanço rápido.\n"
 msgstr[1] ""
+"O seu ramo está atrás de '%s' por %d commits, podendo ser atualizado com "
+"avanço rápido.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:2109
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
+msgstr "  (use \"git pull\" para atualizar o seu ramo local)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1621
+#: remote.c:2112
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
@@ -361,1264 +2812,3235 @@ msgid_plural ""
 "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
 "and have %d and %d different commits each, respectively.\n"
 msgstr[0] ""
+"O seu ramo e '%s' divergiram,\n"
+"tendo cada um %d e %d commit diferente, respetivamente.\n"
 msgstr[1] ""
+"O seu ramo e '%s' divergiram,\n"
+"tendo cada um %d e %d commits diferentes, respetivamente.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:2122
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
+msgstr "  (use \"git pull\" para integrar o ramo remoto no seu ramo)\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:121
-#: builtin/merge.c:865
-#: builtin/merge.c:978
-#: builtin/merge.c:1088
-#: builtin/merge.c:1098
+#: revision.c:2158
+msgid "your current branch appears to be broken"
+msgstr "o ramo atual parece estar danificado"
+
+#: revision.c:2161
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgid "your current branch '%s' does not have any commits yet"
+msgstr "o ramo atual '%s' ainda não contém nenhum commit"
+
+#: revision.c:2355
+msgid "--first-parent is incompatible with --bisect"
+msgstr "--first-parent é incompatível com --bisect"
+
+#: run-command.c:125
+msgid "open /dev/null failed"
+msgstr "falha ao abrir /dev/null"
+
+#: run-command.c:127
+#, c-format
+msgid "dup2(%d,%d) failed"
+msgstr "dup2(%d,%d) falhou"
+
+#: send-pack.c:150
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse remote unpack status: %s"
+msgstr "não é possível analisar status de descompactação remota: %s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote unpack failed: %s"
+msgstr "descompactação remota falhou: %s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:315
+msgid "failed to sign the push certificate"
+msgstr "falha ao assinar o certificado de publicação"
+
+#: send-pack.c:428
+msgid "the receiving end does not support --signed push"
+msgstr "o recetor não suporta publicação com --signed"
+
+#: send-pack.c:430
+msgid ""
+"not sending a push certificate since the receiving end does not support --"
+"signed push"
 msgstr ""
+"certificado de publicação não enviado uma vez que o recetor não suporta "
+"publicação com --signed"
+
+#: send-pack.c:442
+msgid "the receiving end does not support --atomic push"
+msgstr "o recetor não suporta publicação com --atomic"
 
-#: sequencer.c:123
-#: builtin/merge.c:333
-#: builtin/merge.c:868
-#: builtin/merge.c:1090
-#: builtin/merge.c:1103
+#: send-pack.c:447
+msgid "the receiving end does not support push options"
+msgstr "o recetor não suporta opções de publicação"
+
+#: sequencer.c:215
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr "reverter"
+
+#: sequencer.c:217
+msgid "cherry-pick"
+msgstr "cherry-pick"
+
+#: sequencer.c:219
+msgid "rebase -i"
+msgstr "rebase -i"
+
+#: sequencer.c:221
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
-msgstr "Não foi possível escrever para '%s'"
+msgid "Unknown action: %d"
+msgstr "Ação desconhecida: %d"
 
-#: sequencer.c:144
+#: sequencer.c:278
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
 msgstr ""
+"depois de resolver os conflitos, marque os caminhos corrigidos\n"
+"com 'git add <caminhos>' ou 'git rm <caminhos>'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:147
+#: sequencer.c:281
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
 "and commit the result with 'git commit'"
 msgstr ""
+"depois de resolver os conflitos, marque os caminhos corrigidos\n"
+"com 'git add <caminhos>' ou 'git rm <caminhos>'\n"
+"e submeta o resultado com 'git commit'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:160
-#: sequencer.c:741
-#: sequencer.c:824
+#: sequencer.c:294 sequencer.c:1675
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to %s"
-msgstr "Não foi possível gravar para %s"
+msgid "could not lock '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível bloquear '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:163
+#: sequencer.c:297 sequencer.c:1553 sequencer.c:1680 sequencer.c:1694
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível escrever em '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:178
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
-msgstr ""
+#: sequencer.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write eol to '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível escrever fim de linha em '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:180
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
-msgstr ""
+#: sequencer.c:305 sequencer.c:1558 sequencer.c:1682
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finalize '%s'."
+msgstr "falha ao finalizar '%s'."
 
-#: sequencer.c:183
-msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
-msgstr ""
+#: sequencer.c:329 sequencer.c:814 sequencer.c:1579 builtin/am.c:259
+#: builtin/commit.c:749 builtin/merge.c:1018
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:355
+#, c-format
+msgid "your local changes would be overwritten by %s."
+msgstr "as suas alterações locais serão substituídas ao %s."
+
+#: sequencer.c:359
+msgid "commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr "submeta ou esconda as suas alterações para continuar."
+
+#: sequencer.c:388
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: fast-forward"
+msgstr "%s: avanço rápido"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
-#: sequencer.c:233
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert", "cherry-pick" or
+#. * "rebase -i".
+#.
+#: sequencer.c:470
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "%s: Não foi possível escrever novo ficheiro de índice"
+
+#: sequencer.c:489
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
+msgstr "não foi possível resolver o commit HEAD\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:509
+msgid "unable to update cache tree\n"
+msgstr "não foi possível atualizar a árvore de cache\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:592
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you have staged changes in your working tree\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
 msgstr ""
+"tem alterações preparadas na árvore de trabalho\n"
+"Se tenciona esmagar estas alterações no commit anterior, execute:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Se tenciona pô-las num novo commit, execute:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Em ambos os casos, quando estiver pronto, continue com:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:694
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit %s\n"
+msgstr "não foi possível analisar o commit %s\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:261
-msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
+#: sequencer.c:699
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse parent commit %s\n"
+msgstr "não foi possível analisar o commit pai %s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:821
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unexpected 1st line of squash message:\n"
+"\n"
+"\t%.*s"
 msgstr ""
+"1ª linha inesperada da mensagem de squash:\n"
+"\n"
+"\t%.*s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:282
-msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
+#: sequencer.c:827
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"invalid 1st line of squash message:\n"
+"\n"
+"\t%.*s"
 msgstr ""
+"1ª linha inválida da mensagem de squash:\n"
+"\n"
+"\t%.*s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:323
+#: sequencer.c:833 sequencer.c:858
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
-msgstr "Não foi possível analisar commit %s\n"
+msgid "This is a combination of %d commits."
+msgstr "Isto é a combinação de %d commits."
+
+#: sequencer.c:842
+msgid "need a HEAD to fixup"
+msgstr "necessária uma HEAD para fixup"
+
+#: sequencer.c:844
+msgid "could not read HEAD"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:846
+msgid "could not read HEAD's commit message"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler a mensagem de commit de HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:328
+#: sequencer.c:852
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
-msgstr "Não foi possível analisar commit parent %s\n"
+msgid "cannot write '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possível escrever '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:358
-msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
-msgstr "O seu ficheiro de índice é não fundido."
+#: sequencer.c:861 git-rebase--interactive.sh:445
+msgid "This is the 1st commit message:"
+msgstr "Esta é a 1ª mensagem de commit:"
 
-#: sequencer.c:361
-msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
-msgstr "Você não tem uma HEAD válida"
+#: sequencer.c:869
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message of %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler a mensagem de commit de %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:376
+#: sequencer.c:876
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
-msgstr ""
+msgid "This is the commit message #%d:"
+msgstr "Esta é a mensagem de commit nº%d:"
 
-#: sequencer.c:384
+#: sequencer.c:881
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "The commit message #%d will be skipped:"
+msgstr "A mensagem de commit #%d será ignorada:"
 
-#: sequencer.c:388
+#: sequencer.c:886
 #, c-format
-msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgid "unknown command: %d"
+msgstr "comando desconhecido: %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:952
+msgid "your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr "ficheiro de índice não integrado."
+
+#: sequencer.c:970
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr "o commit %s é uma integração mas não foi fornecida a opção -m."
+
+#: sequencer.c:978
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr "o commit %s não tem o pai %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:982
+#, c-format
+msgid "mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
 msgstr ""
+"a linha principal foi especificada mas o commit %s não é uma integração."
+
+#: sequencer.c:988
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr "não é possível obter a mensagem de commit de %s"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
-#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
-#: sequencer.c:399
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be a "todo" command like
+#. "revert" or "pick", the second %s a SHA1.
+#: sequencer.c:1009
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: não foi possível analisar o commit pai %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:403
+#: sequencer.c:1071 sequencer.c:1820
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
-msgstr "Não é possível obter mensagem commit para %s"
+msgid "could not rename '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível mudar o nome de '%s' para '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:491
+#: sequencer.c:1122
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível reverter %s... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:492
+#: sequencer.c:1123
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível aplicar %s... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:536
+#: sequencer.c:1165
 msgid "empty commit set passed"
-msgstr "passado commit com o set vazio"
+msgstr "o conjunto de commits especificado está vazio"
 
-#: sequencer.c:544
+#: sequencer.c:1175
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git %s: falha ao ler o índice"
 
-#: sequencer.c:549
+#: sequencer.c:1182
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git %s: falha ao atualizar o índice"
 
-#: sequencer.c:607
+#: sequencer.c:1302
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
-msgstr "Não foi possível abrir %s durante um %s"
+msgid "invalid line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "linha %d inválida: %.*s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:629
+#: sequencer.c:1310
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse line %d."
-msgstr "Não foi possível parsear linha %d."
+msgid "cannot '%s' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "não é possível efetuar '%s' sem um commit anterior"
 
-#: sequencer.c:634
-msgid "No commits parsed."
-msgstr "Nenhum commit parseado."
-
-#: sequencer.c:647
+#: sequencer.c:1342
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open %s"
-msgstr "Não foi possível abrir %s"
+msgid "could not read '%s'."
+msgstr "não foi possível ler '%s'."
 
-#: sequencer.c:651
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not read %s."
-msgstr "Não foi possível ler %s."
+#: sequencer.c:1349
+msgid "please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "corrija-o usando 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
 
-#: sequencer.c:658
+#: sequencer.c:1351
 #, c-format
-msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "unusable instruction sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "folha de instruções inutilizável: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1356
+msgid "no commits parsed."
+msgstr "nenhum commit analisado."
 
-#: sequencer.c:686
+#: sequencer.c:1367
+msgid "cannot cherry-pick during a revert."
+msgstr "não é possível efetuar cherry-pick durante uma reversão."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1369
+msgid "cannot revert during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr "não é possível reverter durante um cherry-pick."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1432
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid key: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "invalid key: %s"
+msgstr "chave inválida: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:689
+#: sequencer.c:1435
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
-msgstr "Valor inválido para %s: %s"
+msgid "invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "valor inválido de %s: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:701
+#: sequencer.c:1492
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "malformed options sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "folha de opções malformada: '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:722
+#: sequencer.c:1530
 msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "cherry-pick ou revert em curso"
 
-#: sequencer.c:723
+#: sequencer.c:1531
 msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "tente \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit |--abort)\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:727
+#: sequencer.c:1534
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "could not create sequencer directory '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível criar o diretório do sequenciador '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:743
-#: sequencer.c:828
-#, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
-msgstr ""
+#: sequencer.c:1548
+msgid "could not lock HEAD"
+msgstr "não foi possível bloquear HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:762
-#: sequencer.c:896
+#: sequencer.c:1604 sequencer.c:2159
 msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nenhum cherry-pick ou revert em curso"
 
-#: sequencer.c:764
+#: sequencer.c:1606
 msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não é possível resolver HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:766
+#: sequencer.c:1608 sequencer.c:1642
 msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não é possível abortar um ramo ainda não criado"
 
-#: sequencer.c:788
-#: builtin/apply.c:3682
+#: sequencer.c:1628 builtin/grep.c:910
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
-msgstr "não foi possível abrir %s: %s"
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possível abrir '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:791
+#: sequencer.c:1630
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
-msgstr "não foi possível ler %s: %s"
+msgid "cannot read '%s': %s"
+msgstr "não é possível ler '%s': %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:792
+#: sequencer.c:1631
 msgid "unexpected end of file"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "fim de ficheiro inesperado"
 
-#: sequencer.c:798
+#: sequencer.c:1637
 #, c-format
 msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "o ficheiro HEAD de pre-cherry-pick '%s' está corrompido"
 
-#: sequencer.c:821
+#: sequencer.c:1648
+msgid "You seem to have moved HEAD. Not rewinding, check your HEAD!"
+msgstr "Parece que a HEAD se moveu. Não recuando, verifique a HEAD."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1785 sequencer.c:2058
+msgid "cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "não é possível ler HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1825 builtin/difftool.c:616
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not format %s."
-msgstr "Não foi possível formatear %s."
+msgid "could not copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível copiar '%s' para '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:983
-msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
-msgstr ""
+#: sequencer.c:1841
+msgid "could not read index"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler o índice"
 
-#: sequencer.c:984
-msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
+#: sequencer.c:1846
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution failed: %s\n"
+"%sYou can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
 msgstr ""
+"a execução falhou: %s\n"
+"%sPode corrigir o problema e executar\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:864
-msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+#: sequencer.c:1852
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+msgstr "e fez alterações ao índice e/ou à árvore de trabalho\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1858
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution succeeded: %s\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
 msgstr ""
+"Executado com sucesso: %s\n"
+"mas deixou alterações no índice e/ou na árvore de trabalho\n"
+"Submeta ou esconda as alterações e execute\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:867
+#: sequencer.c:1913 git-rebase.sh:168
 #, c-format
-msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
-msgstr "Não existe rama '%s'"
+msgid "Applied autostash."
+msgstr "Pilha automática (autostash) aplicada."
 
-#: sha1_name.c:869
+#: sequencer.c:1925
 #, c-format
-msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "cannot store %s"
+msgstr "não é possível guardar %s"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:872
+#: sequencer.c:1927 git-rebase.sh:172
 #, c-format
-msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgid ""
+"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
+"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
+"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"Surgiram conflitos ao aplicar a pilha automática (autostash).\n"
+"As suas alterações estão guardadas na pilha.\n"
+"Pode executar \"git stash pop\" ou \"git stash drop\" oportunamente.\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:135
-msgid "Unmerged paths:"
-msgstr "caminhos não fundidos:"
+#: sequencer.c:2009
+#, c-format
+msgid "Stopped at %s...  %.*s\n"
+msgstr "Parou a %s...  %.*s\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:141
-#: wt-status.c:158
+#: sequencer.c:2036
 #, c-format
-msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "unknown command %d"
+msgstr "comando desconhecido %d"
 
-#: wt-status.c:143
-#: wt-status.c:160
-msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
-msgstr ""
+#: sequencer.c:2066
+msgid "could not read orig-head"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler orig-head"
 
-#: wt-status.c:144
-msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
-msgstr "  (usa \"git add/rm <ficheiro>...\" para marcar como resolvido)"
+#: sequencer.c:2070
+msgid "could not read 'onto'"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler 'onto'"
 
-#: wt-status.c:152
-msgid "Changes to be committed:"
-msgstr "Mudanças a serem commitadas"
+#: sequencer.c:2077
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível atualizar %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:170
-msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
-msgstr ""
+#: sequencer.c:2084
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update HEAD to %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível atualizar HEAD para %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:174
-msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
-msgstr "  (usa \"git add <ficheiro>...\" para actualizar o que vai ser commitado)"
+#: sequencer.c:2168
+msgid "cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "não é possível rebasear: tem alterações não preparadas."
 
-#: wt-status.c:176
-msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
-msgstr "  (usa \"git add/rm <ficheiro>...\" para actualizar o que vai ser commitado)"
+#: sequencer.c:2173
+msgid "could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "não foi possível remover CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
 
-#: wt-status.c:177
-msgid "  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
-msgstr ""
+#: sequencer.c:2182
+msgid "cannot amend non-existing commit"
+msgstr "não é possível emendar commit não-existente"
 
-#: wt-status.c:179
-msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
+#: sequencer.c:2184
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid file: '%s'"
+msgstr "ficheiro inválido: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2186
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid contents: '%s'"
+msgstr "conteúdo inválido: '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2189
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please, commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
 msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Tem alterações por submeter na árvore de trabalho. Submeta-as primeiro\n"
+"e execute 'git rebase --continue' de novo."
 
-#: wt-status.c:188
+#: sequencer.c:2199
+msgid "could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "não foi possível submeter as alterações preparadas."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2279
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s files:"
-msgstr "%s ficheros:"
+msgid "%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"
+msgstr "%s: não é possível efetuar cherry-pick de %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:191
+#: sequencer.c:2283
 #, c-format
-msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
+msgid "%s: bad revision"
+msgstr "%s: revisão incorreta"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2316
+msgid "can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr "não é possível reverter como commit inicial"
+
+#: setup.c:165
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s: no such path in the working tree.\n"
+"Use 'git <command> -- <path>...' to specify paths that do not exist locally."
 msgstr ""
+"%s: não há tal caminho na árvore de trabalho.\n"
+"Use 'git <comando> -- <caminho>...' para especificar caminhos que não "
+"existem localmente."
 
-#: wt-status.c:208
-msgid "bug"
-msgstr "erro"
+#: setup.c:178
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"argumento ambíguo '%s': revisão ou caminho desconhecidos não encontrado na "
+"árvore de trabalho.\n"
+"Use '--' para separar caminhos de revisões, assim:\n"
+"'git <comando> [<revisão>...] -- [<ficheiro>...]'"
 
-#: wt-status.c:213
-msgid "both deleted:"
-msgstr "eliminados em ambos:"
+#: setup.c:228
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"argumento ambíguo '%s': revisão e nome de ficheiro\n"
+"Use '--' para separar caminhos de revisões, assim:\n"
+"'git <comando> [<revisão>...] -- [<ficheiro>...]'"
 
-#: wt-status.c:214
-msgid "added by us:"
-msgstr "adicionado por nós:"
+#: setup.c:475
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d"
+msgstr "Esperava-se versão do repositório git <= %d, obteve-se %d"
 
-#: wt-status.c:215
-msgid "deleted by them:"
-msgstr "eliminados por eles:"
+#: setup.c:483
+msgid "unknown repository extensions found:"
+msgstr "extensões de repositório desconhecidas encontradas:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:216
-msgid "added by them:"
-msgstr "adicionados por eles:"
+#: setup.c:776
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): %s"
+msgstr "Não é um repositório git (ou um dos diretórios pai): %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:217
-msgid "deleted by us:"
-msgstr "eliminados por nós:"
+#: setup.c:778 builtin/index-pack.c:1646
+msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr "Não é possível voltar ao diretório de trabalho atual"
 
-#: wt-status.c:218
-msgid "both added:"
-msgstr "adicionados em ambos:"
+#: setup.c:1010
+msgid "Unable to read current working directory"
+msgstr "Não é possível ler o diretório de trabalho atual"
 
-#: wt-status.c:219
-msgid "both modified:"
-msgstr "modificados em ambos:"
+#: setup.c:1022 setup.c:1028
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot change to '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possível mudar para '%s'"
 
-#: wt-status.c:249
-msgid "new commits, "
-msgstr "novos commits, "
+#: setup.c:1041
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Not a git repository (or any parent up to mount point %s)\n"
+"Stopping at filesystem boundary (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM not set)."
+msgstr ""
+"Não é um repositório git (ou um diretório pai até ao ponto de montagem %s)\n"
+"Interrompido no limite do sistema de ficheiros "
+"(GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM não definido)."
 
-#: wt-status.c:251
-msgid "modified content, "
-msgstr "conteúdo modificado, "
+#: setup.c:1106
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Problem with core.sharedRepository filemode value (0%.3o).\n"
+"The owner of files must always have read and write permissions."
+msgstr ""
+"Problema com o valor core.sharedRepository modo de ficheiro (0%.3o).\n"
+"O dono dos ficheiros tem de ter sempre permissões de leitura e escrita."
 
-#: wt-status.c:253
-msgid "untracked content, "
-msgstr "conteúdo não seguido"
+#: sha1_file.c:559
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "o caminho '%s' não existe"
 
-#: wt-status.c:267
+#: sha1_file.c:585
 #, c-format
-msgid "new file:   %s"
-msgstr "novo ficheiro:   %s"
+msgid "reference repository '%s' as a linked checkout is not supported yet."
+msgstr ""
+"ainda não é suportada a funcionalidade que permite ter o repositório de "
+"referência '%s' como uma extração ligada."
 
-#: wt-status.c:270
+#: sha1_file.c:591
 #, c-format
-msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
-msgstr "copiado:     %s -> %s"
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
+msgstr "o repositório de referência '%s' não é um repositório local."
 
-#: wt-status.c:273
+#: sha1_file.c:597
 #, c-format
-msgid "deleted:    %s"
-msgstr "eliminado:    %s"
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
+msgstr "o repositório de referência '%s' é raso"
 
-#: wt-status.c:276
+#: sha1_file.c:605
 #, c-format
-msgid "modified:   %s"
-msgstr "modificado:   %s"
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
+msgstr "o repositório de referência '%s' está enxertado"
 
-#: wt-status.c:279
+#: sha1_file.c:1245
+msgid "offset before end of packfile (broken .idx?)"
+msgstr "offset antes do fim do ficheiro de pacote (.idx danificado?)"
+
+#: sha1_file.c:2721
 #, c-format
-msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
-msgstr "mudado de nome:    %s -> %s"
+msgid "offset before start of pack index for %s (corrupt index?)"
+msgstr "offset antes do início do índice do pacote %s (índice corrompido?)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:282
+#: sha1_file.c:2725
 #, c-format
-msgid "typechange: %s"
+msgid "offset beyond end of pack index for %s (truncated index?)"
+msgstr "offset depois do fim do índice do pacote %s (índice truncado?)"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:409
+#, c-format
+msgid "short SHA1 %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "SHA1 curto %s é ambíguo"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:420
+msgid "The candidates are:"
+msgstr "Os candidatos são:"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:580
+msgid ""
+"Git normally never creates a ref that ends with 40 hex characters\n"
+"because it will be ignored when you just specify 40-hex. These refs\n"
+"may be created by mistake. For example,\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b $br $(git rev-parse ...)\n"
+"\n"
+"where \"$br\" is somehow empty and a 40-hex ref is created. Please\n"
+"examine these refs and maybe delete them. Turn this message off by\n"
+"running \"git config advice.objectNameWarning false\""
+msgstr ""
+"Normalmente o Git nunca cria referências que terminem em 40 caracteres "
+"hexadecimais,\n"
+"pois uma referência destas seria ignorada se indicasse só 40 caracteres "
+"hexadecimais.\n"
+"Estas referências podem ser criadas por engano. Como no exemplo,\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b $br $(git rev-parse ...)\n"
+"\n"
+"onde \"$br\" está vazio e é criada uma referência de 40 caracteres "
+"hexadecimais.\n"
+"Analise estas referências e elimine-as se desejar. Desative esta\n"
+"mensagem executando \"git config advice.objectNameWarning false\""
+
+#: submodule.c:67 submodule.c:101
+msgid "Cannot change unmerged .gitmodules, resolve merge conflicts first"
 msgstr ""
+"Não é possível alterar .gitmodules não integrado, resolva primeiro os "
+"conflitos de integração"
 
-#: wt-status.c:285
+#: submodule.c:71 submodule.c:105
 #, c-format
-msgid "unknown:    %s"
-msgstr "desconhecido:    %s"
+msgid "Could not find section in .gitmodules where path=%s"
+msgstr "Secção de .gitmodules cujo path=%s não encontrada"
 
-#: wt-status.c:288
+#: submodule.c:79
 #, c-format
-msgid "unmerged:   %s"
-msgstr "não fundidos:   %s"
+msgid "Could not update .gitmodules entry %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível atualizar o elemento %s de .gitmodules"
 
-#: wt-status.c:291
+#: submodule.c:112
 #, c-format
-msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Could not remove .gitmodules entry for %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível remover o elemento %s de .gitmodules"
 
-#: wt-status.c:737
-msgid "On branch "
-msgstr "Na rama"
+#: submodule.c:123
+msgid "staging updated .gitmodules failed"
+msgstr "falha ao preparar .gitmodules atualizado"
 
-#: wt-status.c:744
-msgid "Not currently on any branch."
-msgstr "Não está em nenhuma rama."
+#: submodule.c:161
+msgid "negative values not allowed for submodule.fetchJobs"
+msgstr "não é permitido valores negativos em submodule.fetchJobs"
 
-#: wt-status.c:755
-msgid "Initial commit"
-msgstr "Commit inicial"
+#: submodule.c:1194
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' not recognized as a git repository"
+msgstr "'%s' não é reconhecido como um repositório git"
 
-#: wt-status.c:769
-msgid "Untracked"
-msgstr "Não seguido"
+#: submodule.c:1332
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not start 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível iniciar 'git status' no submódulo '%s'"
 
-#: wt-status.c:771
-msgid "Ignored"
-msgstr "Ignorado"
+#: submodule.c:1345
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not run 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível executar 'git status' no submódulo '%s'"
 
-#: wt-status.c:773
+#: submodule.c:1421
 #, c-format
-msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "submodule '%s' has dirty index"
+msgstr "o submódulo '%s' tem índice sujo"
 
-#: wt-status.c:775
-msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
+#: submodule.c:1679
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"relocate_gitdir for submodule '%s' with more than one worktree not supported"
 msgstr ""
+"relocate_gitdir para submodule '%s' com mais do que uma árvore de trabalho "
+"não suportado"
 
-#: wt-status.c:781
-msgid "No changes"
-msgstr "Sem mudanças"
-
-#: wt-status.c:785
+#: submodule.c:1691 submodule.c:1747
 #, c-format
-msgid "no changes added to commit%s\n"
-msgstr "nenhuma alteração adicionado ao commit%s\n"
+msgid "could not lookup name for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível procurar pelo submódulo '%s'"
 
-#: wt-status.c:787
-msgid " (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")"
-msgstr " (usa \"git add\" e/ou \"git commit -a\")"
+#: submodule.c:1695 builtin/submodule--helper.c:678
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:688
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível criar o diretório '%s'"
 
-#: wt-status.c:789
+#: submodule.c:1698
 #, c-format
-msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present%s\n"
+msgid ""
+"Migrating git directory of '%s%s' from\n"
+"'%s' to\n"
+"'%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
+"A migrar diretório git de '%s%s' de\n"
+"'%s' para\n"
+"'%s'\n"
+
+#: submodule.c:1782
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível percorrer recursivamente o submódulo '%s'"
 
-#: wt-status.c:791
-msgid " (use \"git add\" to track)"
-msgstr " (usa \"git add\" para seguir)"
+#: submodule.c:1826
+msgid "could not start ls-files in .."
+msgstr "não foi possível iniciar ls-files em .."
 
-#: wt-status.c:793
-#: wt-status.c:796
-#: wt-status.c:799
+#: submodule.c:1846
+msgid "BUG: returned path string doesn't match cwd?"
+msgstr "BUG: returned path string doesn't match cwd?"
+
+#: submodule.c:1865
 #, c-format
-msgid "nothing to commit%s\n"
-msgstr "nada para fazer commit%s\n"
+msgid "ls-tree returned unexpected return code %d"
+msgstr "ls-tree retornou código de retorno inesperado %d"
 
-#: wt-status.c:794
-msgid " (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)"
-msgstr ""
+#: submodule-config.c:380
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid value for %s"
+msgstr "valor inválido de %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:797
-msgid " (use -u to show untracked files)"
-msgstr ""
+#: trailer.c:240
+#, c-format
+msgid "running trailer command '%s' failed"
+msgstr "falha ao executar o comando trailer '%s'"
+
+#: trailer.c:473 trailer.c:477 trailer.c:481 trailer.c:535 trailer.c:539
+#: trailer.c:543
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"
+msgstr "valor desconhecido '%s' da chave '%s'"
 
-#: wt-status.c:800
-msgid " (working directory clean)"
-msgstr " (directório de trabalho vacio)"
+#: trailer.c:525 trailer.c:530 builtin/remote.c:289
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than one %s"
+msgstr "mais do que um %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:908
-msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
-msgstr "HEAD (Não é rama)"
+#: trailer.c:702
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty trailer token in trailer '%.*s'"
+msgstr "token terminador vazio no terminador '%.*s'"
 
-#: wt-status.c:914
-msgid "Initial commit on "
-msgstr "Commit inicial em "
+#: trailer.c:722
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read input file '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler o ficheiro de entrada '%s'"
 
-#: wt-status.c:929
-msgid "behind "
-msgstr "atrás "
+#: trailer.c:725
+msgid "could not read from stdin"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler da entrada padrão"
 
-#: wt-status.c:932
-#: wt-status.c:935
-msgid "ahead "
-msgstr "a frente "
+#: trailer.c:949 builtin/am.c:44
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível obter stat de %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:937
-msgid ", behind "
-msgstr ", atrás "
+#: trailer.c:951
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not a regular file"
+msgstr "o ficheiro %s não é um ficheiro regular"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:62
+#: trailer.c:953
 #, c-format
-msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "file %s is not writable by user"
+msgstr "o ficheiro %s não pode ser escrito pelo utilizador"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:67
-#: builtin/commit.c:282
-msgid "updating files failed"
-msgstr "Falou a atualização dos ficheiros"
+#: trailer.c:965
+msgid "could not open temporary file"
+msgstr "não foi possível abrir ficheiro temporário"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:77
+#: trailer.c:1001
 #, c-format
-msgid "remove '%s'\n"
-msgstr "eliminar '%s'\n"
+msgid "could not rename temporary file to %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível mudar o nome do ficheiro temporário para %s"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:176
+#: transport.c:62
 #, c-format
-msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Would set upstream of '%s' to '%s' of '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Iria definir o ramo a montante de '%s' como '%s' de '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:192
-msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
-msgstr ""
+#: transport.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid "transport: invalid depth option '%s'"
+msgstr "transporte: opção de profundidade '%s' inválida"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:195
-#: builtin/add.c:456
-#: builtin/rm.c:186
+#: transport.c:889
 #, c-format
-msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
+msgid ""
+"The following submodule paths contain changes that can\n"
+"not be found on any remote:\n"
 msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes caminhos de submódulo contêm alterações que\n"
+"não puderam ser encontradas a nenhum remoto:\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:209
+#: transport.c:893
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Please try\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"or cd to the path and use\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"to push them to a remote.\n"
+"\n"
 msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Por favor tente\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"ou cd para o caminho e use\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"para publicá-las no remoto.\n"
+"\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:276
-msgid "Could not read the index"
-msgstr "Não foi possível ler o indíce"
+#: transport.c:901
+msgid "Aborting."
+msgstr "Abortado."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:286
+#: transport-helper.c:1080
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
-msgstr "Não foi possível abrir '%s' para escrever."
+msgid "Could not read ref %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível ler a referência %s"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:290
-msgid "Could not write patch"
-msgstr "Não consegue escrever patch"
+#: tree-walk.c:31
+msgid "too-short tree object"
+msgstr "objeto árvore demasiado curto"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:37
+msgid "malformed mode in tree entry"
+msgstr "modo na entrada de árvore malformado"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:295
+#: tree-walk.c:41
+msgid "empty filename in tree entry"
+msgstr "nome de ficheiro vazio na entrada de árvore"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:113
+msgid "too-short tree file"
+msgstr "ficheiro de árvore demasiado curto"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:104
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you switch branches."
 msgstr ""
+"As suas alterações locais nos seguintes ficheiros seriam substituídas ao "
+"extrair:\n"
+"%%sSubmeta as suas alterações ou esconda-as antes de trocar de ramo."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:297
-msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
-msgstr "Patch vazio. Aborted."
+#: unpack-trees.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"As suas alterações locais nos seguintes ficheiros seriam substituídas ao "
+"extrair:\n"
+"%%s"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:303
+#: unpack-trees.c:109
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
-msgstr "Não foi possível aplicar o '%s'"
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"As suas alterações locais nos seguintes ficheiros seriam substituídas ao "
+"integrar:\n"
+"%%sSubmeta as suas alterações ou esconda-as antes de integrar."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:312
-msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+#: unpack-trees.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
 msgstr ""
+"As suas alterações locais nos seguintes ficheiros seriam substituídas ao "
+"integrar:\n"
+"%%s"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:352
+#: unpack-trees.c:114
 #, c-format
-msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you %s."
 msgstr ""
+"As suas alterações locais nos seguintes ficheiros seriam substituídas por "
+"%s:\n"
+"%%sSubmeta as suas alterações ou esconda-as antes de efetuar %s."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:353
-msgid "no files added"
-msgstr "nenhum ficheiros adicionado"
+#: unpack-trees.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"As suas alterações locais nos seguintes ficheiros seriam substituídas por "
+"%s:\n"
+"%%s"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:359
-msgid "adding files failed"
-msgstr "falhou a adicionar ficheiros"
+#: unpack-trees.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Updating the following directories would lose untracked files in them:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Atualizar os seguintes diretórios perde os ficheiros não controlos dentro "
+"deles:\n"
+"%s"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:391
-msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
+#: unpack-trees.c:125
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
 msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes ficheiros não controlados na árvore de trabalho seriam "
+"removidos ao extrair:\n"
+"%%sMova ou remova-os antes de trocar de ramos."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:393
-msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
+#: unpack-trees.c:127
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
 msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes ficheiros não controlados na árvore de trabalho seriam "
+"removidos ao extrair:\n"
+"%%s"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:413
+#: unpack-trees.c:130
 #, c-format
-msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
 msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes ficheiros não controlados na árvore de trabalho seriam "
+"removidos ao integrar:\n"
+"%%sMova ou remova-os antes de integrar."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:414
+#: unpack-trees.c:132
 #, c-format
-msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
 msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes ficheiros não controlados na árvore de trabalho seriam "
+"removidos ao integrar:\n"
+"%%s"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:420
-#: builtin/clean.c:95
-#: builtin/commit.c:342
-#: builtin/mv.c:82
-#: builtin/rm.c:162
-msgid "index file corrupt"
-msgstr "ficheiro index corrupto"
+#: unpack-trees.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes ficheiros não controlados na árvore de trabalho seriam "
+"removidos por %s:\n"
+"%%sMova ou remova-os antes de efetuar %s."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:476
-#: builtin/apply.c:4093
-#: builtin/mv.c:229
-#: builtin/rm.c:260
-msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+#: unpack-trees.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
 msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes ficheiros não controlados na árvore de trabalho seriam "
+"removidos por %s:\n"
+"%%s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:106
+#: unpack-trees.c:142
 #, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
-msgstr "espaço em braco não reconhecido: '%s'"
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes ficheiros não controlados da árvore de trabalho seriam "
+"substituídos ao extrair:\n"
+"%%sMova ou remova-os antes de trocar de ramos."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:121
+#: unpack-trees.c:144
 #, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
 msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes ficheiros não controlados da árvore de trabalho seriam "
+"substituídos ao extrair:\n"
+"%%s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:815
+#: unpack-trees.c:147
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
 msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes ficheiros não controlados da árvore de trabalho seriam "
+"substituídos ao integrar:\n"
+"%%sMova ou remova-os antes de integrar."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:824
+#: unpack-trees.c:149
 #, c-format
-msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
 msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes ficheiros não controlados da árvore de trabalho seriam "
+"substituídos ao integrar:\n"
+"%%s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:905
+#: unpack-trees.c:152
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
 msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes ficheiros não controlados da árvore de trabalho seriam "
+"substituídos por %s:\n"
+"%%sMova ou remova-os antes de efetuar %s."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:934
+#: unpack-trees.c:154
 #, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
 msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes ficheiros não controlados da árvore de trabalho seriam "
+"substituídos por %s:\n"
+"%%s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:937
+#: unpack-trees.c:161
 #, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent %s filename on line %d"
+msgid "Entry '%s' overlaps with '%s'.  Cannot bind."
+msgstr "A entrada '%s' sobrepõe-se com '%s'. Não é possível vincular."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:164
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update sparse checkout: the following entries are not up-to-date:\n"
+"%s"
 msgstr ""
+"Não é possível extrair esparsamente: as seguintes entradas não estão "
+"atualizadas:\n"
+"%s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:944
+#: unpack-trees.c:166
 #, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be overwritten by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
 msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes ficheiros na árvore de trabalho seriam substituídos ao "
+"atualizar a extração esparsa:\n"
+"%s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1387
+#: unpack-trees.c:168
 #, c-format
-msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be removed by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
 msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes ficheiros na árvore de trabalho seriam removidos ao atualizar a "
+"extração esparsa:\n"
+"%s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1444
+#: unpack-trees.c:170
 #, c-format
-msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update submodule:\n"
+"%s"
 msgstr ""
+"Não é possível atualizar submódulo:\n"
+"%s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1461
+#: unpack-trees.c:247
 #, c-format
-msgid "git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname component (line %d)"
-msgid_plural "git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname components (line %d)"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgid "Aborting\n"
+msgstr "A abortar\n"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1621
-msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+#: unpack-trees.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule update strategy not supported for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível procurar pelo submódulo '%s'"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:340
+msgid "Checking out files"
+msgstr "A extrair ficheiros"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:163
+msgid "invalid URL scheme name or missing '://' suffix"
+msgstr "nome de esquema de URL inválido ou falta do sufixo '://'"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:187 urlmatch.c:346 urlmatch.c:405
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid %XX escape sequence"
+msgstr "sequencia de escape %XX inválida"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:215
+msgid "missing host and scheme is not 'file:'"
+msgstr "sistema anfitrião não indicado e o esquema não é do tipo 'file:'"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:232
+msgid "a 'file:' URL may not have a port number"
+msgstr "um URL do tipo 'file:' não pode ter um número de porta"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:247
+msgid "invalid characters in host name"
+msgstr "caracteres inválidos no nome do anfitrião"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:292 urlmatch.c:303
+msgid "invalid port number"
+msgstr "número de porta inválido"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:371
+msgid "invalid '..' path segment"
+msgstr "segmento de caminho '..' inválido"
+
+#: worktree.c:285
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read '%s'"
+msgstr "falha ao ler '%s'"
+
+#: wrapper.c:222 wrapper.c:392
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading and writing"
+msgstr "não foi possível abrir '%s' para leitura e escrita"
+
+#: wrapper.c:224 wrapper.c:394 builtin/am.c:766
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "não foi possível abrir '%s' para escrita"
+
+#: wrapper.c:226 wrapper.c:396 builtin/am.c:320 builtin/am.c:759
+#: builtin/am.c:847 builtin/commit.c:1700 builtin/merge.c:1015
+#: builtin/pull.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr "não foi possível abrir '%s' para leitura"
+
+#: wrapper.c:581 wrapper.c:602
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possível aceder a '%s'"
+
+#: wrapper.c:610
+msgid "unable to get current working directory"
+msgstr "não é possível de obter o diretório de trabalho atual"
+
+#: wrapper.c:634
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write to %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível escrever para %s"
+
+#: wrapper.c:636
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not close %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível fechar %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:151
+msgid "Unmerged paths:"
+msgstr "Caminhos não integrados:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:178 wt-status.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr "  (use \"git reset %s <ficheiro>...\" para despreparar)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:180 wt-status.c:207
+msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr "  (use \"git rm --cached <ficheiro>...\" para despreparar)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:184
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (use \"git add <ficheiro>...\" para marcar como resolvido)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:186 wt-status.c:190
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
 msgstr ""
+"  (use \"git add/rm <ficheiro>...\" conforme apropriado para marcar como "
+"resolvido)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1623
-msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+#: wt-status.c:188
+msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (use \"git rm <ficheiro>...\" para marcar como resolvido)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:199 wt-status.c:958
+msgid "Changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "Alterações para serem submetidas:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:217 wt-status.c:967
+msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
+msgstr "Alterações não preparadas para submeter:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:221
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr "  (use \"git add <ficheiro>...\" para atualizar o que será submetido)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:223
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
+"  (use \"git add/rm <ficheiro>...\" para atualizar o que será submetido)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1649
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+#: wt-status.c:224
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
 msgstr ""
+"  (use \"git checkout -- <ficheiro>...\" para descartar alterações no "
+"diretório de trabalho)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1685
-#, c-format
-msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+#: wt-status.c:226
+msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
 msgstr ""
+"  (submeta ou descarte o conteúdo modificado ou não controlado nos "
+"submódulos)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1687
+#: wt-status.c:238
 #, c-format
-msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
+msgstr "  (use \"git %s <ficheiro>...\" para incluir no que será submetido)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:253
+msgid "both deleted:"
+msgstr "eliminado por ambos:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:255
+msgid "added by us:"
+msgstr "adicionado por nós:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:257
+msgid "deleted by them:"
+msgstr "eliminado por eles:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:259
+msgid "added by them:"
+msgstr "adicionado por eles:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:261
+msgid "deleted by us:"
+msgstr "eliminado por nós:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:263
+msgid "both added:"
+msgstr "adicionado por ambos:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:265
+msgid "both modified:"
+msgstr "modificado por ambos:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:275
+msgid "new file:"
+msgstr "novo ficheiro:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:277
+msgid "copied:"
+msgstr "copiado:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:279
+msgid "deleted:"
+msgstr "eliminado:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:281
+msgid "modified:"
+msgstr "modificado:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:283
+msgid "renamed:"
+msgstr "nome mudado:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:285
+msgid "typechange:"
+msgstr "tipo alterado:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:287
+msgid "unknown:"
+msgstr "desconhecido:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:289
+msgid "unmerged:"
+msgstr "não integrado:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:371
+msgid "new commits, "
+msgstr "novos commits, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:373
+msgid "modified content, "
+msgstr "conteúdo modificado, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:375
+msgid "untracked content, "
+msgstr "conteúdo não controlado, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:831
+msgid "Submodules changed but not updated:"
+msgstr "Submódulos alterados mas não atualizados:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:833
+msgid "Submodule changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "Alterações em submódulos para serem submetidas:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:914
+msgid ""
+"Do not touch the line above.\n"
+"Everything below will be removed."
 msgstr ""
+"Não altere a linha acima.\n"
+"Tudo o que estiver abaixo será removido."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1026
+msgid "You have unmerged paths."
+msgstr "Há caminhos não integrados."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1029
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
+msgstr "  (corrija os conflitos e execute \"git commit\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1031
+msgid "  (use \"git merge --abort\" to abort the merge)"
+msgstr "  (use \"git am --abort\" para abortar a integração)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1036
+msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
+msgstr "Todos os conflitos foram corrigidos mas ainda está a integrar."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1039
+msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
+msgstr "  (use \"git commit\" para concluir a integração)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1690
+#: wt-status.c:1049
+msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
+msgstr "Sessão am em curso."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1052
+msgid "The current patch is empty."
+msgstr "O patch atual está vazio."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1056
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (corrija os conflitos e execute \"git am --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1058
+msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr "  (use \"git am --skip\" para ignorar este patch)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1060
+msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
+msgstr "  (use \"git am --abort\" para restaurar o ramo original)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1189
+msgid "git-rebase-todo is missing."
+msgstr "git-rebase-todo não existe."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1191
+msgid "No commands done."
+msgstr "Nenhum comando concluído."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1194
 #, c-format
-msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Last command done (%d command done):"
+msgid_plural "Last commands done (%d commands done):"
+msgstr[0] "Último comando concluído (%d comando concluído):"
+msgstr[1] "Últimos comandos concluídos (%d comandos concluídos):"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1836
+#: wt-status.c:1205
 #, c-format
-msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgid "  (see more in file %s)"
+msgstr "  (veja mais no ficheiro %s)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1210
+msgid "No commands remaining."
+msgstr "Nenhum comando por concluir."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1213
+#, c-format
+msgid "Next command to do (%d remaining command):"
+msgid_plural "Next commands to do (%d remaining commands):"
+msgstr[0] "Próximo comando a executar (%d comando restante):"
+msgstr[1] "Próximos comandos a executar (%d comandos restantes):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1221
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --edit-todo\" to view and edit)"
+msgstr "  (use \"git rebase --edit-todo\" para visualizar e editar)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1234
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr "Está a realizar rebase do ramo '%s' sobre '%s'."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1239
+msgid "You are currently rebasing."
+msgstr "Está a rebasear neste momento."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1253
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (corrija os conflitos e execute \"git rebase --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1255
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" para ignorar este patch)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1257
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
+msgstr "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" para restaurar o ramo original)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1263
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
+"  (todos os conflitos foram corrigidos: execute \"git rebase --continue\")"
 
-#. there has to be one hunk (forward hunk)
-#: builtin/apply.c:1865
+#: wt-status.c:1267
 #, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgid ""
+"You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr ""
+"Está a dividir um commit ao mesmo tempo que se efetua rebase do ramo '%s' "
+"sobre '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1951
+#: wt-status.c:1272
+msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr "Está a dividir um commit durante um rebase."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1275
+msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr ""
+"  (Assim que o diretório de trabalho estiver limpo, execute \"git rebase --"
+"continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1279
 #, c-format
-msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr ""
+"Está a editar um commit ao mesmo tempo que efetua rebase do ramo '%s' sobre "
+"'%s'."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2041
+#: wt-status.c:1284
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr "Está a editar um commit durante um rebase."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1287
+msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
+msgstr "  (use \"git commit --amend\" para emendar o commit atual)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1289
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (use \"git rebase --continue\" assim que estiver satisfeito com as "
+"alterações)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1299
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgid "You are currently cherry-picking commit %s."
+msgstr "Está a realizar cherry-pick do commit %s."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1304
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (corrija os conflitos e execute \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1307
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
+"  (todos os conflitos foram corrigidos: execute \"git cherry-pick --continue"
+"\")"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2045
+#: wt-status.c:1309
+msgid "  (use \"git cherry-pick --abort\" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (use \"git cherry-pick --abort\" para cancelar a operação de cherry-pick)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1318
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to open or read %s"
-msgstr "Não foi possível abrir o ler %s"
+msgid "You are currently reverting commit %s."
+msgstr "Está a reverter o commit %s neste comento."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1323
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (corrija dos conflitos e execute \"git revert --continue\")"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2116
-msgid "oops"
+#: wt-status.c:1326
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
+"  (todos os conflitos foram corrigidos: execute \"git revert --continue\")"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2638
+#: wt-status.c:1328
+msgid "  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"
+msgstr "  (use \"git rever --abort\" para cancelar a operação de reversão)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1339
 #, c-format
-msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
-msgstr "começo de linha inválido: '%c'"
+msgid "You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Está a bissetar, iniciado a partir do ramo '%s'."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1343
+msgid "You are currently bisecting."
+msgstr "Está a bissetar neste momento."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1346
+msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
+msgstr "  (use \"git bisect reset\" para voltar ao ramo original)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1543
+msgid "On branch "
+msgstr "No ramo "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1549
+msgid "interactive rebase in progress; onto "
+msgstr "rebase interativo em curso; sobre "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1551
+msgid "rebase in progress; onto "
+msgstr "rebase em curso; sobre "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1556
+msgid "HEAD detached at "
+msgstr "HEAD destacada em "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1558
+msgid "HEAD detached from "
+msgstr "HEAD destacada de "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1561
+msgid "Not currently on any branch."
+msgstr "Não se encontra em nenhum ramo neste momento."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1579
+msgid "Initial commit"
+msgstr "Commit inicial"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2756
+#: wt-status.c:1593
+msgid "Untracked files"
+msgstr "Ficheiros não controlados"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1595
+msgid "Ignored files"
+msgstr "Ficheiros ignorados"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1599
 #, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
-msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgid ""
+"It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
+"may speed it up, but you have to be careful not to forget to add\n"
+"new files yourself (see 'git help status')."
+msgstr ""
+"A enumeração dos ficheiros não controlados demorou %.2f segundos\n"
+"a concluir. 'status -uno' pode acelerar o processo, mas deve ter\n"
+"cuidado de não se esquecer de adicionar novos ficheiros\n"
+"(consulte 'git help status')."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2768
+#: wt-status.c:1605
 #, c-format
-msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
+msgstr "Ficheiros não controlados não listados%s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1607
+msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
+msgstr " (use a opção -u para mostrar os ficheiros não controlados)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1613
+msgid "No changes"
+msgstr "Sem alterações"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1618
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
 msgstr ""
+"nenhuma alteração adicionada para submeter (use \"git add\" e/ou \"git "
+"commit -a\")\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1621
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
+msgstr "nenhuma alteração adicionada para submeter\n"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2774
+#: wt-status.c:1624
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
-"while searching for:\n"
-"%.*s"
+"nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
+"track)\n"
 msgstr ""
+"não foi adicionado nada para submeter, mas existem ficheiros não controlados "
+"(use \"git add\" para controlá-los)\n"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2793
+#: wt-status.c:1627
 #, c-format
-msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
 msgstr ""
+"não foi adicionado nada para submeter, mas existem ficheiros não "
+"controlados\n"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2896
+#: wt-status.c:1630
 #, c-format
-msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
 msgstr ""
+"não há nada para submeter (crie/copie ficheiros e use \"git add\" para "
+"controlá-los)\n"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2902
+#: wt-status.c:1633 wt-status.c:1638
 #, c-format
-msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "nothing to commit\n"
+msgstr "não há nada para submeter\n"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2923
+#: wt-status.c:1636
 #, c-format
-msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
 msgstr ""
+"não há nada para submeter (use -u para mostrar os ficheiros não "
+"controlados)\n"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3038
+#: wt-status.c:1640
 #, c-format
-msgid "patch %s has been renamed/deleted"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "nothing to commit, working tree clean\n"
+msgstr "não há nada para submeter, árvore de trabalho limpa\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1749
+msgid "Initial commit on "
+msgstr "Commit inicial em "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1753
+msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
+msgstr "HEAD (nenhum ramo)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1782 wt-status.c:1790
+msgid "behind "
+msgstr "atrás "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1785 wt-status.c:1788
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr "à frente "
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3045
-#: builtin/apply.c:3062
+#. TRANSLATORS: the action is e.g. "pull with rebase"
+#: wt-status.c:2280
 #, c-format
-msgid "read of %s failed"
-msgstr "ler %s falhou"
+msgid "cannot %s: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "não é possível efetuar %s: tem alterações não preparadas."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3077
-msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
-msgstr ""
+#: wt-status.c:2286
+msgid "additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "além disso, o índice contém alterações não submetidas."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3098
+#: wt-status.c:2288
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
-msgstr "%s: já existe no espaço de trabalho"
+msgid "cannot %s: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "não é possível efetuar %s: o índice contém alterações não submetidas."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3136
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:57 builtin/clone.c:432
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: has been deleted/renamed"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
+msgstr "falha ao invocar unlink de '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3141
-#: builtin/apply.c:3172
+#: builtin/add.c:22
+msgid "git add [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git add [<opções>] [--] <caminho>..."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:80
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: %s"
-msgstr "%s: %s"
+msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
+msgstr "diff status inesperado %c"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:85 builtin/commit.c:291
+msgid "updating files failed"
+msgstr "falha ao atualizar os ficheiros"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3152
+#: builtin/add.c:95
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "remove '%s'\n"
+msgstr "remover '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:149
+msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
+msgstr "Alterações não preparadas depois de atualizar o índice:"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3166
+#: builtin/add.c:209 builtin/rev-parse.c:872
+msgid "Could not read the index"
+msgstr "Não foi possível ler o índice"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:220
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not match index"
-msgstr "%s: não tem correspondencia ao index"
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
+msgstr "Não foi possível abrir '%s' para escrita."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3183
+#: builtin/add.c:224
+msgid "Could not write patch"
+msgstr "Não foi possível escrever patch"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:227
+msgid "editing patch failed"
+msgstr "falha ao editar patch"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:230
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: wrong type"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "Não foi possível obter stat de '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:232
+msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
+msgstr "Patch vazio. Abortado."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3185
+#: builtin/add.c:237
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
+msgstr "Não foi possível aplicar '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:247
+msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+msgstr "Os seguintes caminhos estão ignorados por algum ficheiro .gitignore:\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:266 builtin/clean.c:876 builtin/fetch.c:115 builtin/mv.c:123
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/pull.c:198 builtin/push.c:524
+#: builtin/remote.c:1328 builtin/rm.c:241 builtin/send-pack.c:163
+msgid "dry run"
+msgstr "simular ação"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:269
+msgid "interactive picking"
+msgstr "seleção interativa"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:270 builtin/checkout.c:1177 builtin/reset.c:286
+msgid "select hunks interactively"
+msgstr "selecionar blocos interativamente"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:271
+msgid "edit current diff and apply"
+msgstr "editar o diff atual e aplicá-lo"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:272
+msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
+msgstr "permitir adicionar ficheiros ignorados"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:273
+msgid "update tracked files"
+msgstr "atualizar ficheiros controlados"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:274
+msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
+msgstr "registar apenas o facto de que o caminho será adicionado mais tarde"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:275
+msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr ""
+"adicionar alterações de todos os ficheiros controlados ou não controlados"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:278
+msgid "ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"
+msgstr ""
+"ignorar caminhos removidos na árvore de trabalho (o mesmo que --no-all)"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:280
+msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
+msgstr "não adicionar, apenas atualizar o índice"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:281
+msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
+msgstr "ignorar ficheiros que não podem ser adicionados por causa de erros"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:282
+msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
+msgstr "verificar quais os ficheiros ignorados na simulação"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:283 builtin/update-index.c:951
+msgid "(+/-)x"
+msgstr "(+/-)x"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:283 builtin/update-index.c:952
+msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
+msgstr "substituir o bit executável dos ficheiros listados"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3240
+#: builtin/add.c:305
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in index"
-msgstr "%s: já existe no indíce"
+msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
+msgstr "Use -f se deseja mesmo adicioná-los.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:312
+msgid "adding files failed"
+msgstr "falha ao adicionar ficheiros"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:348
+msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
+msgstr "-A e -u são mutuamente incompatíveis"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:355
+msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
+msgstr "A opção --ignore-missing só pode ser usada em conjunto com --dry-run"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3259
+#: builtin/add.c:359
 #, c-format
-msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)%s%s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "--chmod param '%s' must be either -x or +x"
+msgstr "o parâmetro '%s' de --chmod tem de ser -x ou +x"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3265
+#: builtin/add.c:374
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
+msgstr "Não foi especificado nada, nada adicionado.\n"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3278
+#: builtin/add.c:375
 #, c-format
-msgid "Checking patch %s..."
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
+msgstr "Queria dizer 'git add .'?\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:380 builtin/check-ignore.c:172 builtin/checkout.c:298
+#: builtin/checkout.c:491 builtin/clean.c:920 builtin/commit.c:350
+#: builtin/mv.c:143 builtin/reset.c:235 builtin/rm.c:271
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:244
+msgid "index file corrupt"
+msgstr "ficheiro de índice corrompido"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:414
+msgid "could not parse author script"
+msgstr "não foi possível analisar o autor do script"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3333
-#: builtin/checkout.c:212
-#: builtin/reset.c:158
+#: builtin/am.c:491
 #, c-format
-msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "'%s' was deleted by the applypatch-msg hook"
+msgstr "'%s' foi eliminado pelo hook applypatch-msg"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3476
+#: builtin/am.c:532
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "Linha de entrada malformada: '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3503
+#: builtin/am.c:569
 #, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch for subproject %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Falha ao copiar notas de '%s' para '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3507
+#: builtin/am.c:595
+msgid "fseek failed"
+msgstr "falha ao invocar fseek"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:775
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
-msgstr "não é possivel 'stat' o novo ficheiro creado '%s'"
+msgid "could not parse patch '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível analisar o patch '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:840
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr "Só pode ser aplicada uma série de patches StGIT duma só vez"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:887
+msgid "invalid timestamp"
+msgstr "carimbo de data/hora inválido"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:890 builtin/am.c:898
+msgid "invalid Date line"
+msgstr "linha de Data inválida"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:895
+msgid "invalid timezone offset"
+msgstr "mudança de fuso horário inválida"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:984
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr "Falha ao detetar o formato do patch."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3512
+#: builtin/am.c:989 builtin/clone.c:397
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "falha ao criar o diretório '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:993
+msgid "Failed to split patches."
+msgstr "Falha ao dividir patches."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1125 builtin/commit.c:376
+msgid "unable to write index file"
+msgstr "não é possível escrever o ficheiro de índice"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3515
+#: builtin/am.c:1176
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "When you have resolved this problem, run \"%s --continue\"."
+msgstr "Após resolver este problema, execute \"%s --continue\"."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3548
+#: builtin/am.c:1177
 #, c-format
-msgid "closing file '%s'"
-msgstr "fechar fichero '%s'"
+msgid "If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"%s --skip\" instead."
+msgstr "Se preferir ignorar este patch, execute \"%s --skip\"."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3597
+#: builtin/am.c:1178
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgid "To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"%s --abort\"."
 msgstr ""
+"Para restaurar o ramo original e interromper a aplicação dos patches, "
+"execute \"%s --abort\"."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3653
+#: builtin/am.c:1316
+msgid "Patch is empty. Was it split wrong?"
+msgstr "O patch está vazio. Foi dividido incorretamente?"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1390 builtin/log.c:1557
 #, c-format
-msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgid "invalid ident line: %s"
+msgstr "linha de identidade inválida: %s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1417
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse commit %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível analisar o commit %s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1610
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
 msgstr ""
+"O repositório não tem os blobs necessários para recorrer a integração com 3 "
+"pontos."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3661
-msgid "internal error"
+#: builtin/am.c:1612
+msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
+msgstr "A usar informação do índice para reconstruir uma árvore de base..."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1631
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+msgstr ""
+"Editou o patch manualmente?\n"
+"Não é possível aplicá-lo aos blobs registados no índice."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1637
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
 msgstr ""
+"A recorrer a uma de base para aplicação de patches e integração com 3 "
+"pontos..."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1662
+msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
+msgstr "Falha ao integrar as alterações."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1686 builtin/merge.c:631
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr "git write-tree falhou ao escrever uma árvore"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1693
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr "a aplicar a um histórico vazio"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1706 builtin/commit.c:1764 builtin/merge.c:802
+#: builtin/merge.c:827
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr "falha ao escrever objeto de commit"
 
-#. Say this even without --verbose
-#: builtin/apply.c:3664
+#: builtin/am.c:1739 builtin/am.c:1743
 #, c-format
-msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
-msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgid "cannot resume: %s does not exist."
+msgstr "não é possível continuar: %s não existe."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1759
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr ""
+"não é possível entrar em modo interativo sem um entrada padrão conectada a "
+"um terminal."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1764
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
+msgstr "Corpo do commit:"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3674
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#.
+#: builtin/am.c:1774
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all: "
+msgstr "Aplicar? [y]sim/[n]ão/[e]ditar/[v]er patch/[a]ceitar todos: "
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1824
 #, c-format
-msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "�ndice modificado: não é possível aplicar patches (modificado: %s)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1861 builtin/am.c:1933
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying: %.*s"
+msgstr "A aplicar: %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1877
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr "Nenhuma alteração -- Já foi aplicado o patch."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1885
+#, c-format
+msgid "Patch failed at %s %.*s"
+msgstr "Falha ao aplicar o patch em %s %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1891
+#, c-format
+msgid "The copy of the patch that failed is found in: %s"
+msgstr "A cópia do patch que falhou encontra-se em: %s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1936
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
 msgstr ""
+"Sem alterações - esqueceu-se de usar 'git add'?\n"
+"Se não há nada por preparar, provavelmente essas mesmas alterações\n"
+"já foram introduzidas; pode querer ignorar este patch."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3695
+#: builtin/am.c:1943
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index.\n"
+"Did you forget to use 'git add'?"
+msgstr ""
+"Ainda há caminhos não integrados no índice.\n"
+"Esqueceu-se de usar 'git add'?"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2051 builtin/am.c:2055 builtin/am.c:2067 builtin/reset.c:308
+#: builtin/reset.c:316
 #, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr "Não foi possível analisar o objeto '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2103
+msgid "failed to clean index"
+msgstr "falha ao limpar o índice"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2137
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
 msgstr ""
+"Parece que a HEAD foi movida desde a última vez que o 'am' falhou.\n"
+"Não recuando a ORIG_HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3698
+#: builtin/am.c:2200
 #, c-format
-msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgid "Invalid value for --patch-format: %s"
+msgstr "Valor inválido de --patch-format: %s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2233
+msgid "git am [<options>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"
+msgstr "git am [<opções>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2234
+msgid "git am [<options>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
+msgstr "git am [<opções>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2240
+msgid "run interactively"
+msgstr "executar interativamente"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2242
+msgid "historical option -- no-op"
+msgstr "opção histórica -- sem-ação"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2244
+msgid "allow fall back on 3way merging if needed"
+msgstr "permitir recorrer a integração com 3 pontos se necessário"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2245 builtin/init-db.c:483 builtin/prune-packed.c:57
+#: builtin/repack.c:178
+msgid "be quiet"
+msgstr "silencioso"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2247
+msgid "add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message"
+msgstr "adicionar uma linha com Signed-of-by no fim da mensagem de commit"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2250
+msgid "recode into utf8 (default)"
+msgstr "recodificar em utf8 (predefinição)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2252
+msgid "pass -k flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "passar a opção -k ao git-mailinfo"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2254
+msgid "pass -b flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "passar a opção -b ao git-mailinfo"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2256
+msgid "pass -m flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "passar a opção -m ao git-mailinfo"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2258
+msgid "pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit for mbox format"
+msgstr "passar a opção --keep-cr ao gitmailsplit para formato de mbox"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2261
+msgid "do not pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit independent of am.keepcr"
 msgstr ""
+"não passar a opção --keep-cr ao git-mailsplit independentemente de am.keepcr"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3829
-msgid "unrecognized input"
-msgstr "entrada não reconhecida"
+#: builtin/am.c:2264
+msgid "strip everything before a scissors line"
+msgstr "retirar todo o conteúdo antes da linha de tesoura"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3840
-msgid "unable to read index file"
-msgstr "Não foi possível ler o fichero indíce"
+#: builtin/am.c:2266 builtin/am.c:2269 builtin/am.c:2272 builtin/am.c:2275
+#: builtin/am.c:2278 builtin/am.c:2281 builtin/am.c:2284 builtin/am.c:2287
+#: builtin/am.c:2293
+msgid "pass it through git-apply"
+msgstr "transmitir ao git-apply"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4035
-msgid "--index outside a repository"
-msgstr "--index fora de um repositorio"
+#: builtin/am.c:2283 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665
+#: builtin/grep.c:1045 builtin/merge.c:201 builtin/pull.c:135
+#: builtin/pull.c:194 builtin/repack.c:187 builtin/repack.c:191
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:637 builtin/show-ref.c:169 builtin/tag.c:398
+#: parse-options.h:132 parse-options.h:134 parse-options.h:245
+msgid "n"
+msgstr "n"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4038
-msgid "--cached outside a repository"
-msgstr "--cached fora de um repositorio"
+#: builtin/am.c:2289 builtin/branch.c:592 builtin/for-each-ref.c:37
+#: builtin/replace.c:442 builtin/tag.c:433 builtin/verify-tag.c:38
+msgid "format"
+msgstr "formato"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4054
-#, c-format
-msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
-msgstr "não é possivel abrir patch '%s'"
+#: builtin/am.c:2290
+msgid "format the patch(es) are in"
+msgstr "formato de apresentação de patches"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2296
+msgid "override error message when patch failure occurs"
+msgstr "substituir a mensagem de erro quando a aplicação do patch falha"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2298
+msgid "continue applying patches after resolving a conflict"
+msgstr "continuar a aplicar os patches depois de resolver os conflitos"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2301
+msgid "synonyms for --continue"
+msgstr "sinónimo de --continue"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2304
+msgid "skip the current patch"
+msgstr "ignorar o patch atual"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4068
+#: builtin/am.c:2307
+msgid "restore the original branch and abort the patching operation."
+msgstr "restaurar o ramo original e abortar a operação de patch."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2311
+msgid "lie about committer date"
+msgstr "mentir sobre a data de commit"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2313
+msgid "use current timestamp for author date"
+msgstr "usar a data e hora atual como data de autor"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2315 builtin/commit.c:1600 builtin/merge.c:232
+#: builtin/pull.c:165 builtin/revert.c:111 builtin/tag.c:413
+msgid "key-id"
+msgstr "id-chave"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2316
+msgid "GPG-sign commits"
+msgstr "assinar os commits com GPG"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2319
+msgid "(internal use for git-rebase)"
+msgstr "(uso interno de git-rebase)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2334
+msgid ""
+"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
+msgstr ""
+"A opção -b/--binary há muito que é ignorada e será\n"
+"futuramente removida. Por favor não a use."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2341
+msgid "failed to read the index"
+msgstr "falha ao ler o índice"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2356
 #, c-format
-msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
-msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgid "previous rebase directory %s still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr ""
+"o diretório de rebesa anterior %s ainda existe, mas foi fornecida uma mbox."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4074
-#: builtin/apply.c:4084
+#: builtin/am.c:2380
 #, c-format
-msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
-msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgid ""
+"Stray %s directory found.\n"
+"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
+msgstr ""
+"Diretório abandonado %s encontrado.\n"
+"Use \"git am --abort\" para o remover."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2386
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr "A operação de resolução não está em curso, não retomando."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:8
+msgid "git apply [<options>] [<patch>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [<opções>] [<patch>...]"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:17
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create archive file '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível criar o ficheiro de arquivo '%s'"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:20
 msgid "could not redirect output"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível redirecionar a saída"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:37
 msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git archive: Remoto sem URL"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:58
 msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git archive: esperava-se ACK/NAK, obteve-se EOF"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:63
+#: builtin/archive.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git archive: NACK %s"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:65
+#: builtin/archive.c:63
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote error: %s"
 msgstr "erro remoto: %s"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:66
+#: builtin/archive.c:64
 msgid "git archive: protocol error"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git archive: erro de protocolo"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:71
+#: builtin/archive.c:68
 msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
+msgstr "git archive: esvaziamento de cache (flush) esperado"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:7
+msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:17
+msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
+msgstr "executar 'git bisect next'"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:19
+msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
+msgstr "atualizar BISECT_HEAD em vez de extrair o commit atual"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:33
+msgid "git blame [<options>] [<rev-opts>] [<rev>] [--] <file>"
+msgstr "git blame [<opções>] [<rev-opções>] [<rev>] [--] <ficheiro>"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:38
+msgid "<rev-opts> are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+msgstr "<rev-opções> estão documentadas em git-rev-list(1)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:1777
+msgid "Blaming lines"
+msgstr "Linhas de culpa"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2573
+msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
 msgstr ""
+"Mostrar entradas de culpa à medida que forem encontradas, incrementalmente"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:144
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
-"         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
+#: builtin/blame.c:2574
+msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Mostar SHA-1 dos commits limite em branco (Predefinição: desativado)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2575
+msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Não tratar os commits raiz como limites (Predefinição: desativado)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2576
+msgid "Show work cost statistics"
+msgstr "Mostrar estatísticas de custo de atividade"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2577
+msgid "Force progress reporting"
+msgstr "Forçar informação de progresso"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2578
+msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
+msgstr "Mostrar a pontuação das entradas de culpa"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2579
+msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
+msgstr "Mostrar o nome do ficheiro original (Predefinição: auto)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2580
+msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Mostrar números de linha originais (Predefinição: desativado)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2581
+msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
+msgstr "Mostrar em formato próprio para ser consumo por uma máquina"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2582
+msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
+msgstr "Mostrar em formato de porcelana com informações de commit por linha"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2583
+msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Usar o mesmo modo de saída que git-annotate (Predefinição: desativado)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2584
+msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Mostrar carimbo de data/hora em bruto (Predefinição: desativado)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2585
+msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Mostrar SHA1 longo de commit (Predefinição: desativado)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2586
+msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
+"Suprimir nome de autor e carimbo de data/hora (Predefinição: desativado)"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:148
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
-"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
+#: builtin/blame.c:2587
+msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Mostrar o email do autor em vez do nome (Predefinição: desativado)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2588
+msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
+msgstr "Ignorar as diferenças de espaço em branco"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2595
+msgid "Use an experimental heuristic to improve diffs"
+msgstr "Usar um heurística experimental para melhorar diffs"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2597
+msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
+msgstr "Despender ciclos extra para encontrar uma melhor correspondência"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2598
+msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
+msgstr "Usar revisões do <ficheiro> em vez de invocar git-rev-list"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2599
+msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
+msgstr "Usar o conteúdo do <ficheiro> como imagem final"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2600 builtin/blame.c:2601
+msgid "score"
+msgstr "pontuação"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2600
+msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
+msgstr "Localizar linhas copiadas dentro e entre ficheiros"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2601
+msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
+msgstr "Localizar linhas movidas dentro e entre ficheiros"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2602
+msgid "n,m"
+msgstr "n,m"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2602
+msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
+msgstr "Processar apenas o intervalo de linhas n,m, a cantar de 1"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2649
+msgid "--progress can't be used with --incremental or porcelain formats"
 msgstr ""
+"--progress não pode ser usado com --incremental ou formatos de porcelana"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:180
-msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
-msgstr "Não é possível usar -a com um -d"
+#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the maximum
+#. display width for a relative timestamp in "git blame"
+#. output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11 months ago", which
+#. takes 22 places, is the longest among various forms of
+#. relative timestamps, but your language may need more or
+#. fewer display columns.
+#: builtin/blame.c:2697
+msgid "4 years, 11 months ago"
+msgstr "há 4 anos e 11 meses atrás"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:186
-msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
+#: builtin/blame.c:2777
+msgid "--contents and --reverse do not blend well."
+msgstr "--contents e --reverse não se misturam bem."
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2797
+msgid "cannot use --contents with final commit object name"
+msgstr "não é possível usar --contents com nome de objeto commit final"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2802
+msgid "--reverse and --first-parent together require specified latest commit"
 msgstr ""
+"--reverse e --first-parent juntos requer que se especifique o último commit"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:191
-#, c-format
-msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
+#: builtin/blame.c:2829
+msgid ""
+"--reverse --first-parent together require range along first-parent chain"
 msgstr ""
+"--reverse --first-parent juntos requer intervalo ao longo do primeiro-pai"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:202
+#: builtin/blame.c:2840
 #, c-format
-msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
-msgstr "rama remota '%s não encontrada."
+msgid "no such path %s in %s"
+msgstr "o caminho %s não existe em %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:203
+#: builtin/blame.c:2851
 #, c-format
-msgid "branch '%s' not found."
-msgstr "rama '%s' não encontrado."
+msgid "cannot read blob %s for path %s"
+msgstr "não é possível ler o blob %s do caminho %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:210
+#: builtin/blame.c:2870
 #, c-format
-msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "file %s has only %lu line"
+msgid_plural "file %s has only %lu lines"
+msgstr[0] "o ficheiro %s só tem %lu linha"
+msgstr[1] "o ficheiro %s só tem %lu linhas"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:216
+#: builtin/branch.c:26
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+msgstr "git branch [<opções>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:27
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-l] [-f] <branch-name> [<start-point>]"
+msgstr "git branch [<opções>] [-l] [-f] <nome-ramo> [<ponto-de-partida>]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:28
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r] (-d | -D) <branch-name>..."
+msgstr "git branch [<opções>] [-r] (-d | -D) <nome-do-ramo>..."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:29
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-m | -M) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [<opções>] (-m | -M) [<ramo-antigo>] <novo-ramo>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:30
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+msgstr "git branch [<opções>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:31
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+msgstr "git branch [<opções>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:144
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
-"The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
-"If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
+"deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
+"         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
 msgstr ""
+"a eliminar o ramo '%s' integrado em\n"
+"         '%s', mas ainda não integrado em HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:225
+#: builtin/branch.c:148
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
+msgid ""
+"not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
+"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
 msgstr ""
+"ramo '%s' não eliminado, visto que ainda não foi integrado em\n"
+"         '%s', apesar de já ter sido integrado em HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:226
+#: builtin/branch.c:162
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
-msgstr "Erro a eliminar rama '%s'"
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
+msgstr "Não foi possível pesquisar pelo objeto commit de '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:233
+#: builtin/branch.c:166
 #, c-format
-msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgid ""
+"The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
+"If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
 msgstr ""
+"O ramo '%s' não foi totalmente integrado.\n"
+"Se tem a certeza que o quer eliminar, execute 'git branch -D %s'."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:179
+msgid "Update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "Falha ao atualizar o ficheiro de configuração"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:210
+msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
+msgstr "não é possível usar -a com -d"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:216
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
+msgstr "Não foi possível pesquisar pelo objeto commit de HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:234
+#: builtin/branch.c:230
 #, c-format
-msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
-msgstr "Eliminar rama %s (era %s).\n"
+msgid "Cannot delete branch '%s' checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "Não é possível eliminar o ramo '%s' extraído em '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:239
-msgid "Update of config-file failed"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/branch.c:245
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote-tracking branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "ramo de monitorização remoto '%s' não encontrado."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:337
+#: builtin/branch.c:246
 #, c-format
-msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "ramo '%s' não encontrado."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:409
+#: builtin/branch.c:261
 #, c-format
-msgid "behind %d] "
-msgstr "atrás %d] "
+msgid "Error deleting remote-tracking branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Erro a eliminar o ramo de monitorização remoto '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:411
+#: builtin/branch.c:262
 #, c-format
-msgid "ahead %d] "
-msgstr "a frente %d] "
+msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Erro a eliminar ramo '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:413
+#: builtin/branch.c:269
 #, c-format
-msgid "ahead %d, behind %d] "
-msgstr "a frente %d, atrás %d] "
+msgid "Deleted remote-tracking branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Ramo de monitorização remoto %s eliminado (era %s).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:521
-msgid "(no branch)"
-msgstr "(não é rama)"
+#: builtin/branch.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Ramo %s eliminado (era %s).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:586
-msgid "some refs could not be read"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/branch.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s is being rebased at %s"
+msgstr "O ramo %s está a ser rebaseado em %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:599
+#: builtin/branch.c:445
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s is being bisected at %s"
+msgstr "O ramo %s está a ser bissetado em %s"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:460
 msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
 msgstr ""
+"não é possível mudar o nome do ramo atual vista que não se encontra num ramo."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:609
+#: builtin/branch.c:470
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
-msgstr "Nome da rama inválida: '%s'"
+msgstr "Nome de ramo inválido: '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:624
+#: builtin/branch.c:487
 msgid "Branch rename failed"
-msgstr "Falhou renomeação da rama"
+msgstr "Falha ao mudar o nome do ramo"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:628
+#: builtin/branch.c:490
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
-msgstr "Renomeado uma rama erronea '%s'"
+msgstr "O ramo incorretamente denominado '%s' mudou de nome"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:632
+#: builtin/branch.c:493
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "O nome do ramo mudou para %s, mas a HEAD não está atualizada!"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:639
+#: builtin/branch.c:502
 msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
 msgstr ""
+"O ramo mudou de nome, mas a atualização do ficheiro de configuração falhou"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:654
+#: builtin/branch.c:518
 #, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgid ""
+"Please edit the description for the branch\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be stripped.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"Edite a descrição do ramo:\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Linha começadas com '%c' serão ignoradas.\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:678
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/branch.c:551
+msgid "Generic options"
+msgstr "Opções genéricas"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:553
+msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
+msgstr "apresentar hash e assunto, duplique para ramos a montante"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:554
+msgid "suppress informational messages"
+msgstr "suprimir mensagens informativas"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:555
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
+msgstr "configurar modo de seguimento (consulte git-pull(1))"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:557
+msgid "change upstream info"
+msgstr "alterar a informação do ramo a montante"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:559
+msgid "upstream"
+msgstr "a montante"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:559
+msgid "change the upstream info"
+msgstr "alterar a informação do ramo a montante"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:560
+msgid "Unset the upstream info"
+msgstr "Remover a informação do ramo a montante"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:561
+msgid "use colored output"
+msgstr "usar saída colorida"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:562
+msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "atuar sobre ramos de monitorização remotos"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:564 builtin/branch.c:566
+msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
+msgstr "imprimir apenas ramos que contenham o commit"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:565 builtin/branch.c:567
+msgid "print only branches that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "imprimir apenas ramos que não contenham o commit"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:570
+msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
+msgstr "Ações específicas do git-branch:"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:571
+msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr "listar ramos de monitorização remotos e ramos locais"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:573
+msgid "delete fully merged branch"
+msgstr "eliminar um ramo totalmente integrado"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:574
+msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
+msgstr "eliminar um ramo (mesmo que não tenha sido integrado)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:575
+msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr "mover ou mudar o nome de um ramo e o seu reflog"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:576
+msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr "mover ou mudar o nome de um ramo, mesmo que o destino já exista"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:577
+msgid "list branch names"
+msgstr "listar os nomes dos ramos"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:578
+msgid "create the branch's reflog"
+msgstr "criar reflog do ramo"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:580
+msgid "edit the description for the branch"
+msgstr "editar a descrição do ramo"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:581
+msgid "force creation, move/rename, deletion"
+msgstr "forçar criação, mover/mudar o nome ou exclusão"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:582
+msgid "print only branches that are merged"
+msgstr "imprimir apenas os ramos que foram integrados"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:583
+msgid "print only branches that are not merged"
+msgstr "imprimir apenas os ramos que não foram integrados"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:584
+msgid "list branches in columns"
+msgstr "listar os ramos em colunas"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:585 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38 builtin/tag.c:426
+msgid "key"
+msgstr "chave"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:586 builtin/for-each-ref.c:39 builtin/tag.c:427
+msgid "field name to sort on"
+msgstr "nome do campo pelo qual ordernar"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:588 builtin/for-each-ref.c:41 builtin/notes.c:404
+#: builtin/notes.c:407 builtin/notes.c:567 builtin/notes.c:570
+#: builtin/tag.c:429
+msgid "object"
+msgstr "objeto"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:589
+msgid "print only branches of the object"
+msgstr "imprimir apenas os ramos do objeto"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:769
+#: builtin/branch.c:591 builtin/for-each-ref.c:47 builtin/tag.c:434
+msgid "sorting and filtering are case insensitive"
+msgstr "ordenar e filtrar são insensíveis a maiúsculas"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:592 builtin/for-each-ref.c:37 builtin/tag.c:433
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:38
+msgid "format to use for the output"
+msgstr "formato a usar na saída"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:611
 msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Falha ao resolver HEAD numa referência válida."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:774
-#: builtin/clone.c:558
+#: builtin/branch.c:615 builtin/clone.c:724
 msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "HEAD não encontrada em refs/heads!"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:794
+#: builtin/branch.c:638
 msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column e --verbose são incompatíveis"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:843
+#: builtin/branch.c:649 builtin/branch.c:701
+msgid "branch name required"
+msgstr "nome do ramo é obrigatório"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:677
+msgid "Cannot give description to detached HEAD"
+msgstr "Não é possível atribuir descrição a HEAD destacada"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:682
+msgid "cannot edit description of more than one branch"
+msgstr "não é possível editar a descrição de mais do que um ramo"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:689
+#, c-format
+msgid "No commit on branch '%s' yet."
+msgstr "Ainda não há commits no ramo '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:692
+#, c-format
+msgid "No branch named '%s'."
+msgstr "Não há nenhum ramo denominado '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:707
+msgid "too many branches for a rename operation"
+msgstr "demasiados ramos para uma operação de mudança de nome"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:712
+msgid "too many branches to set new upstream"
+msgstr "demasiados ramos para definir novo ramo a montante"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:716
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr ""
+"não foi possível definir %s como ramo a montante de HEAD visto que esta não "
+"aponta para um ramo."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:719 builtin/branch.c:741 builtin/branch.c:762
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch '%s'"
+msgstr "o ramo '%s' não existe"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "o ramo '%s' não existe"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:735
+msgid "too many branches to unset upstream"
+msgstr "demasiados ramos para remover a definição de ramo a montante"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:739
+msgid "could not unset upstream of HEAD when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr ""
+"não foi possível remover a definição de ramo a montante de HEAD visto que "
+"esta não aponta para um ramo."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:745
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
+msgstr "O ramo '%s' não tem informação sobre o ramo a montante"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:759
+msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
+msgstr "não faz sentido criar 'HEAD' manualmente"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:765
 msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
 msgstr ""
+"as opções -a e -r de 'git branch' não fazem sentido com um nome de ramo"
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#: builtin/branch.c:768
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
+"track or --set-upstream-to\n"
+msgstr ""
+"A opção --set-upstream é obsoleta e será removida. Considere o uso de --"
+"track ou --set-upstream-to\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:785
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Se quer que '%s' siga '%s', faça:\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:45
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is okay\n"
-msgstr "%s está bem\n"
+msgstr "%s está correto\n"
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+#: builtin/bundle.c:58
 msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "É necessário um repositório para criar um bundle."
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+#: builtin/bundle.c:62
 msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
+msgstr "É preciso um repositório para desempacotar."
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:513
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <type> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<path>] <object>"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <tipo> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<caminho>] <objeto>"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:514
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
 msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:113
-#: builtin/checkout.c:146
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:551
+msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
+msgstr "<tipo> pode ser um de: blob, tree, commit, tag"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:552
+msgid "show object type"
+msgstr "mostrar tipo do objeto"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:553
+msgid "show object size"
+msgstr "mostrar tamanho do objeto"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:555
+msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
+msgstr "sair com retorno zero quando não houver erros"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:556
+msgid "pretty-print object's content"
+msgstr "mostrar conteúdo do objeto com impressão bonita"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:558
+msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
+msgstr "executar textconv no conteúdo de objetos blob"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:560
+msgid "for blob objects, run filters on object's content"
+msgstr "para objetos blob, correr filtros sobre o conteúdo do objeto"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:561 git-submodule.sh:943
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr "blob"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:562
+msgid "use a specific path for --textconv/--filters"
+msgstr "usar um caminho específico para --textconv/--filters"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:564
+msgid "allow -s and -t to work with broken/corrupt objects"
+msgstr "permitir que -s e -t funcionem com objetos danificados/corrompidos"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:565
+msgid "buffer --batch output"
+msgstr "carregar a saída de --batch"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:567
+msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr "mostrar informação e conteúdo dos objetos fornecidos na entrada padrão"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:570
+msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr "mostrar informação sobre os objetos fornecidos na entrada padrão"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:573
+msgid "follow in-tree symlinks (used with --batch or --batch-check)"
+msgstr ""
+"seguir ligações simbólica no interior da árvore (usado com --batch ou --"
+"batch-check)"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:575
+msgid "show all objects with --batch or --batch-check"
+msgstr "mostrar todos os objetos com --batch ou --batch-check"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:11
+msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | <attr>...] [--] <pathname>..."
+msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | <atributo>...] [--] <caminho>..."
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:12
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...]"
+msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <atributo>...]"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:19
+msgid "report all attributes set on file"
+msgstr "apresentar todos os atributos definidos no ficheiro"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
+msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
+msgstr "usar .gitattributes apenas a partir do índice"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/check-ignore.c:22 builtin/hash-object.c:98
+msgid "read file names from stdin"
+msgstr "ler os nomes dos ficheiros da entrada padrão"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:23 builtin/check-ignore.c:24
+msgid "terminate input and output records by a NUL character"
+msgstr "terminar registos da entrada e da saída com um carácter NUL"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:18 builtin/checkout.c:1158 builtin/gc.c:352
+msgid "suppress progress reporting"
+msgstr "suprimir informação de progresso"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:26
+msgid "show non-matching input paths"
+msgstr "mostrar caminhos de entrada sem correspondência"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
+msgid "ignore index when checking"
+msgstr "ignorar o índice ao verificar"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:154
+msgid "cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
+msgstr "não é possível especificar caminhos com --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:157
+msgid "-z only makes sense with --stdin"
+msgstr "-z só faz sentido com --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
+msgid "no path specified"
+msgstr "nenhum caminho especificado"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:163
+msgid "--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
+msgstr "--quiet só é válido com um único caminho"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:165
+msgid "cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"
+msgstr "não é possível usar --quiet e --verbose simultaneamente"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
+msgid "--non-matching is only valid with --verbose"
+msgstr "--non-matching só é válido com --verbose"
+
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:8
+msgid "git check-mailmap [<options>] <contact>..."
+msgstr "git check-mailmap [<opções>] <contacto>..."
+
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:13
+msgid "also read contacts from stdin"
+msgstr "também ler contactos da entrada padrão"
+
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:24
 #, c-format
-msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
+msgid "unable to parse contact: %s"
+msgstr "não é possível analisar o contacto: %s"
+
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:47
+msgid "no contacts specified"
+msgstr "nenhum contacto especificado"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:127
+msgid "git checkout-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git checkout-index [<opções>] [--] [<ficheiro>...]"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:144
+msgid "stage should be between 1 and 3 or all"
+msgstr "stage deve ser um número entre 1 e 3 ou o parâmetro all"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:160
+msgid "check out all files in the index"
+msgstr "extrair todos os ficheiros presentes no índice"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:161
+msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
+msgstr "forçar substituição dos ficheiros existentes"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:163
+msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
 msgstr ""
+"não mostrar aviso para ficheiros existentes e ficheiros não presentes no "
+"índice"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:165
+msgid "don't checkout new files"
+msgstr "não extrair novos ficheiros"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:167
+msgid "update stat information in the index file"
+msgstr "atualizar informação de stat no ficheiro de índice"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:171
+msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
+msgstr "ler lista de caminhos da entrada padrão"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:173
+msgid "write the content to temporary files"
+msgstr "escrever o conteúdo em ficheiros temporários"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:174 builtin/column.c:30
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:635 builtin/submodule--helper.c:638
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:644 builtin/submodule--helper.c:980
+#: builtin/worktree.c:472
+msgid "string"
+msgstr "cadeia"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:175
+msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
+msgstr "preceder <cadeia> ao criar ficheiros"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:177
+msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
+msgstr "copiar os ficheiros do estágio indicado"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:27
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] <branch>"
+msgstr "git checkout [<opções>] <ramo>"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:28
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
+msgstr "git checkout [<opções>] [<ramo>] -- <ficheiro>..."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:153 builtin/checkout.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
+msgstr "o caminho '%s' não tem a nossa versão"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:115
-#: builtin/checkout.c:148
+#: builtin/checkout.c:155 builtin/checkout.c:188
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "o caminho '%s' não tem a versão deles"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:131
+#: builtin/checkout.c:171
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "o caminho '%s' não tem todas as versões necessárias"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:175
+#: builtin/checkout.c:215
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "o caminho '%s' não tem as versões necessárias"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:192
+#: builtin/checkout.c:232
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "caminho '%s': não é possível integrar"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:209
+#: builtin/checkout.c:249
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não é possível adicionar os resultados da integração de '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:234
-#: builtin/checkout.c:392
-msgid "corrupt index file"
-msgstr "ficheiro index corrupto"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:269 builtin/checkout.c:272 builtin/checkout.c:275
+#: builtin/checkout.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
+msgstr "'%s' não pode ser usado com caminhos em atualização"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:264
-#: builtin/checkout.c:271
+#: builtin/checkout.c:281 builtin/checkout.c:284
 #, c-format
-msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr "'%s' não pode ser usado com %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:302
-#: builtin/checkout.c:498
-#: builtin/clone.c:583
-#: builtin/merge.c:812
-msgid "unable to write new index file"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:287
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
 msgstr ""
+"Não é possível atualizar os caminhos e mudar para o ramo '%s' ao mesmo tempo."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:319
-#: builtin/diff.c:302
-#: builtin/merge.c:408
-msgid "diff_setup_done failed"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/checkout.c:358 builtin/checkout.c:365
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
+msgstr "o caminho '%s' não foi integrado"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:414
+#: builtin/checkout.c:513
 msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "primeiro deve resolver o índice atual"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:533
+#: builtin/checkout.c:644
 #, c-format
-msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "Não é possível efetuar reflog de '%s': %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:566
+#: builtin/checkout.c:685
 msgid "HEAD is now at"
-msgstr "HEAD é agora em "
+msgstr "HEAD está agora em"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:689 builtin/clone.c:678
+msgid "unable to update HEAD"
+msgstr "não foi possível atualizar HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:573
+#: builtin/checkout.c:693
 #, c-format
 msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
-msgstr "Reset rama '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Repor ramo '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:576
+#: builtin/checkout.c:696
 #, c-format
 msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Já em '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:580
+#: builtin/checkout.c:700
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Mudou para e repôs o ramo '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:582
+#: builtin/checkout.c:702 builtin/checkout.c:1090
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
-msgstr "Mudado para a nova rama '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Mudou para o novo ramo '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:584
+#: builtin/checkout.c:704
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
-msgstr "Mudado para a rama '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Mudou para o ramo '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:640
+#: builtin/checkout.c:755
 #, c-format
 msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
-msgstr " ... e %d mais.\n"
+msgstr " ... e mais %d.\n"
 
-#. The singular version
-#: builtin/checkout.c:646
+#: builtin/checkout.c:761
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
@@ -1631,283 +6053,782 @@ msgid_plural ""
 "\n"
 "%s\n"
 msgstr[0] ""
+"Aviso: deixa %d commit para trás, não ligado a nenhum ramo:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
 msgstr[1] ""
+"Aviso: deixa %d commits para trás, não ligados a nenhum ramo:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:664
+#: builtin/checkout.c:780
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
+"If you want to keep it by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgid_plural ""
 "If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
 "to do so with:\n"
 "\n"
-" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Se deseja mantê-lo, criando um novo ramo, agora seria uma boa altura\n"
+"para fazê-lo com:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <nome-do-novo-ramo> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Se deseja mantê-los, criando um novo ramo, agora seria uma boa altura\n"
+"para fazê-lo com:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <nome-do-novo-ramo> %s\n"
 "\n"
-msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:693
+#: builtin/checkout.c:816
 msgid "internal error in revision walk"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "erro interno durante o curso de revisões"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:697
+#: builtin/checkout.c:820
 msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "A posição anterior de HEAD era"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:723
+#: builtin/checkout.c:847 builtin/checkout.c:1085
 msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Está num ramo ainda não criado"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "only one reference expected, %d given."
+msgstr "esperava-se apenas uma referência, %d fornecidas."
 
-#. case (1)
-#: builtin/checkout.c:854
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1031 builtin/worktree.c:214
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid reference: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "referência inválida: %s"
 
-#. case (1): want a tree
-#: builtin/checkout.c:893
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1060
 #, c-format
 msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "a referência não é uma árvore: %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:973
-msgid "-B cannot be used with -b"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1099
+msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr "não podem ser usados caminhos ao mudar de ramo"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:982
-msgid "--patch is incompatible with all other options"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1102 builtin/checkout.c:1106
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr "'%s' não pode ser usado ao mudar de ramo"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:985
-msgid "--detach cannot be used with -b/-B/--orphan"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1110 builtin/checkout.c:1113 builtin/checkout.c:1118
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1121
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' não pode ser usado com '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:987
-msgid "--detach cannot be used with -t"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1126
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
+msgstr "Não é possível mudar de ramo para '%s', visto que não é um commit"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:993
-msgid "--track needs a branch name"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1159 builtin/checkout.c:1161 builtin/clone.c:111
+#: builtin/remote.c:165 builtin/remote.c:167 builtin/worktree.c:325
+#: builtin/worktree.c:327
+msgid "branch"
+msgstr "ramo"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1000
-msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1160
+msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
+msgstr "criar e extrair um novo ramo"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1006
-msgid "--orphan and -b|-B are mutually exclusive"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1162
+msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
+msgstr "criar/repor e extrair um ramo"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1008
-msgid "--orphan cannot be used with -t"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1163
+msgid "create reflog for new branch"
+msgstr "criar reflog do novo ramo"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1164 builtin/worktree.c:329
+msgid "detach HEAD at named commit"
+msgstr "destacar HEAD no commit indicado"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1165
+msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
+msgstr "definir a informação do ramo a montante do novo ramo"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1167
+msgid "new-branch"
+msgstr "novo-ramo"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1167
+msgid "new unparented branch"
+msgstr "novo ramo sem pai"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1168
+msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
+msgstr "extrair a nossa versão dos ficheiros não integrados"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1170
+msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
+msgstr "extrair a versão deles dos ficheiros não integrados"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1172
+msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
+msgstr "forçar extração (descartar modificações locais)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1173
+msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
+msgstr "realizar uma integração com 3 pontos com o novo ramo"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
-msgid "git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1174 builtin/merge.c:234
+msgid "update ignored files (default)"
+msgstr "atualizar ficheiros ignorados (predefinição)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1175 builtin/log.c:1473 parse-options.h:251
+msgid "style"
+msgstr "estilo"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1176
+msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
+msgstr "estilo de conflito (merge ou diff3)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1179
+msgid "do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only"
+msgstr "não restringir especificadores de caminho a entradas esparsas"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1181
+msgid "second guess 'git checkout <no-such-branch>'"
+msgstr "tentar adivinhar 'git checkout <ramo-inexistente>'"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1183
+msgid "do not check if another worktree is holding the given ref"
 msgstr ""
+"não verificar se outra árvore de trabalho contém a referência fornecida"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1187 builtin/clone.c:78 builtin/fetch.c:119
+#: builtin/merge.c:231 builtin/pull.c:117 builtin/push.c:539
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:172
+msgid "force progress reporting"
+msgstr "forçar informação de progresso"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1224
+msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-b, -B e --orphan são mutuamente exclusivos"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1241
+msgid "--track needs a branch name"
+msgstr "--track requer um nome dum ramo"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1052
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1246
+msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
+msgstr "Falta um nome dum ramo; tente -b"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1282
 msgid "invalid path specification"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "especificação de caminho inválida"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1060
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1289
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
-"git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches.\n"
+"Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
 "Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
 msgstr ""
+"Não é possível atualizar os caminho e mudar para o ramo '%s' ao mesmo "
+"tempo.\n"
+"Pretendia extrair '%s' o qual não pode ser resolvido como commit?"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1062
-msgid "git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches."
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1067
-msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1294
+#, c-format
+msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
+msgstr "git checkout: --detach não aceita um caminho como argumento '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1070
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1298
 msgid ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
 "checking out of the index."
 msgstr ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force e --merge são incompatíveis\n"
+"durante a extração do índice."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1089
-msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit."
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1092
-msgid "--ours/--theirs is incompatible with switching branches."
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:78
-msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:82
-msgid "clean.requireForce set to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to clean"
+#: builtin/clean.c:25
+msgid ""
+"git clean [-d] [-f] [-i] [-n] [-q] [-e <pattern>] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>..."
 msgstr ""
+"git clean [-d] [-f] [-i] [-n] [-q] [-e <padrão>] [-x | -X] [--] <caminhos>..."
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:85
-msgid "clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to clean"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/clean.c:29
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr "A remover %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:155
-#: builtin/clean.c:176
+#: builtin/clean.c:30
 #, c-format
 msgid "Would remove %s\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Removeria %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:159
-#: builtin/clean.c:179
+#: builtin/clean.c:31
 #, c-format
-msgid "Removing %s\n"
-msgstr "Eliminando %s\n"
+msgid "Skipping repository %s\n"
+msgstr "A ignorar o repositório %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:32
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would skip repository %s\n"
+msgstr "Ignoraria o repositório %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:162
-#: builtin/clean.c:182
+#: builtin/clean.c:33
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to remove %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "falha ao remover %s"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:166
+#: builtin/clean.c:297 git-add--interactive.perl:614
 #, c-format
-msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
+msgid ""
+"Prompt help:\n"
+"1          - select a numbered item\n"
+"foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
+"           - (empty) select nothing\n"
 msgstr ""
+"Ajuda de linha de comandos:\n"
+"1          - selecionar um item numerado\n"
+"foo        - selecionar item baseado no prefixo único\n"
+"           - (vazio) não seleciona nada\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:168
+#: builtin/clean.c:301 git-add--interactive.perl:623
 #, c-format
-msgid "Not removing %s\n"
+msgid ""
+"Prompt help:\n"
+"1          - select a single item\n"
+"3-5        - select a range of items\n"
+"2-3,6-9    - select multiple ranges\n"
+"foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
+"-...       - unselect specified items\n"
+"*          - choose all items\n"
+"           - (empty) finish selecting\n"
 msgstr ""
+"Ajuda de linha de comandos:\n"
+"1          - selecionar um único item\n"
+"3-5        - selecionar um intervalo de items\n"
+"2-3,6-9    - selecionar múltiplos intervalos\n"
+"foo        - selecionar item baseado no prefixo único\n"
+"-...       - desselecionar itens especificados\n"
+"*          - escolher todos os itens\n"
+"           - (vazio) concluir seleção\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:517 git-add--interactive.perl:589
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:594
+#, c-format, perl-format
+msgid "Huh (%s)?\n"
+msgstr "O quê (%s)?\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:243
+#: builtin/clean.c:659
 #, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Input ignore patterns>> "
+msgstr "Introduza padrões a ignorar>> "
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:302
+#: builtin/clean.c:696
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to open '%s'"
-msgstr "falhou a abrir '%s'"
+msgid "WARNING: Cannot find items matched by: %s"
+msgstr "AVISO: não foram encontrados itens correspondentes a: %s"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:717
+msgid "Select items to delete"
+msgstr "Selecione itens para eliminar"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:306
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to keep [y/N] as is
+#: builtin/clean.c:758
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
-msgstr "falhou a criar o directório '%s'"
+msgid "Remove %s [y/N]? "
+msgstr "Remover %s [y/N]? "
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:308
-#: builtin/diff.c:75
+#: builtin/clean.c:783 git-add--interactive.perl:1660
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgid "Bye.\n"
+msgstr "Adeus.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:791
+msgid ""
+"clean               - start cleaning\n"
+"filter by pattern   - exclude items from deletion\n"
+"select by numbers   - select items to be deleted by numbers\n"
+"ask each            - confirm each deletion (like \"rm -i\")\n"
+"quit                - stop cleaning\n"
+"help                - this screen\n"
+"?                   - help for prompt selection"
+msgstr ""
+"clean               - começar a limpar\n"
+"filter by pattern   - excluir itens da eliminação\n"
+"select by numbers   - selecionar itens para serem eliminados por número\n"
+"ask each            - confirmar cada eliminação (como \"rm -i\")\n"
+"quit                - parar limpeza\n"
+"help                - esta ajuda\n"
+"?                   - ajuda para seleção em linha de comandos"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:818 git-add--interactive.perl:1736
+msgid "*** Commands ***"
+msgstr "*** Comandos ***"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:819 git-add--interactive.perl:1733
+msgid "What now"
+msgstr "E agora"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:827
+msgid "Would remove the following item:"
+msgid_plural "Would remove the following items:"
+msgstr[0] "Removeria o seguinte item:"
+msgstr[1] "Removeria os seguintes itens:"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:844
+msgid "No more files to clean, exiting."
+msgstr "Não há mais ficheiros por limpar, a terminar."
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:875
+msgid "do not print names of files removed"
+msgstr "não imprimir os nomes dos ficheiros removidos"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:877
+msgid "force"
+msgstr "forçar"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:878
+msgid "interactive cleaning"
+msgstr "limpeza interativa"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:880
+msgid "remove whole directories"
+msgstr "remover diretórios inteiros"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:881 builtin/describe.c:449 builtin/describe.c:451
+#: builtin/grep.c:1063 builtin/ls-files.c:539 builtin/name-rev.c:348
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:350 builtin/show-ref.c:176
+msgid "pattern"
+msgstr "padrão"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:882
+msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
+msgstr "adicionar <padrão> às regras ignoradas"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:883
+msgid "remove ignored files, too"
+msgstr "também remover ficheiros ignorados"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:885
+msgid "remove only ignored files"
+msgstr "remover apenas ficheiros ignorados"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:903
+msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
+msgstr "-x e -X não pode ser usados juntos"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:907
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce set to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; refusing to "
+"clean"
 msgstr ""
+"clean.requireForce definido como true e nenhum -i, -n, ou -f fornecido; "
+"limpeza recusada"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:310
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
+#: builtin/clean.c:910
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; "
+"refusing to clean"
 msgstr ""
+"clean.requireForce predefinido como true e nenhum -i, -n, ou -f fornecido; "
+"limpeza recusada"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:324
-#, c-format
-msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
+#: builtin/clone.c:37
+msgid "git clone [<options>] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+msgstr "git clone [<opções>] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:80
+msgid "don't create a checkout"
+msgstr "não criar uma extração"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:81 builtin/clone.c:83 builtin/init-db.c:478
+msgid "create a bare repository"
+msgstr "criar um repositório nu"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:85
+msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
+msgstr "criar um repositório espelhado (implica repositório nu)"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:87
+msgid "to clone from a local repository"
+msgstr "para clonar de um repositório local"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:89
+msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
+msgstr "não usar ligações fixas, copiar sempre"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:91
+msgid "setup as shared repository"
+msgstr "configurar como repositório partilhado"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:93 builtin/clone.c:97
+msgid "pathspec"
+msgstr "pathspec"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:93 builtin/clone.c:97
+msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
+msgstr "inicializar submódulos no clone"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:100
+msgid "number of submodules cloned in parallel"
+msgstr "número de submódulos clonados em paralelo"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:101 builtin/init-db.c:475
+msgid "template-directory"
+msgstr "diretório-modelo"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:102 builtin/init-db.c:476
+msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
+msgstr "diretório que contém os modelos usados"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:104 builtin/clone.c:106 builtin/submodule--helper.c:642
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:983
+msgid "reference repository"
+msgstr "repositório de referência"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:108
+msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
+msgstr "usar --reference apenas para clonar"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:109 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:43
+msgid "name"
+msgstr "nome"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:110
+msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
+msgstr "usar <nome> em vez de 'origin' para seguir o ramo a montante"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:112
+msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
+msgstr "extrair <ramo> em vez da HEAD do remoto"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:114
+msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
+msgstr "caminho para git-upload-pack no remoto"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:115 builtin/fetch.c:120 builtin/grep.c:1006
+#: builtin/pull.c:202
+msgid "depth"
+msgstr "profundidade"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:116
+msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
+msgstr "criar um clone raso com essa profundidade"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:117 builtin/fetch.c:122 builtin/pack-objects.c:2918
+#: parse-options.h:142
+msgid "time"
+msgstr "hora"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:118
+msgid "create a shallow clone since a specific time"
+msgstr "criar um clone raso desde uma data específica"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:119 builtin/fetch.c:124
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "revisão"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:120 builtin/fetch.c:125
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone, excluding rev"
+msgstr "aprofundar o histórico de um clone raso, excluindo a revisão"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:122
+msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
+msgstr "clonar apenas um ramo, HEAD ou --branch"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:124
+msgid "any cloned submodules will be shallow"
+msgstr "qualquer submódulo clonado será raso"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:125 builtin/init-db.c:484
+msgid "gitdir"
+msgstr "gitdir"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:126 builtin/init-db.c:485
+msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
+msgstr "separar o repositório git da árvore de trabalho"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:127
+msgid "key=value"
+msgstr "chave=valor"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:128
+msgid "set config inside the new repository"
+msgstr "definir configuração dentro do novo repositório"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:129 builtin/fetch.c:140 builtin/push.c:550
+msgid "use IPv4 addresses only"
+msgstr "usar apenas endereços IPv4"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:131 builtin/fetch.c:142 builtin/push.c:552
+msgid "use IPv6 addresses only"
+msgstr "usar apenas endereços IPv6"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:268
+msgid ""
+"No directory name could be guessed.\n"
+"Please specify a directory on the command line"
 msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível adivinhar o nome do diretório.\n"
+"Especifique um diretório na linha de comandos"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:341
+#: builtin/clone.c:321
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "info: Could not add alternate for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "info: Não foi possível adicionar sobressalente de '%s': %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:393
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr "falha ao abrir '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
+msgstr "%s existe e não é um diretório"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:415
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
+msgstr "falha ao invocar stat de %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:346
+#: builtin/clone.c:437
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "falha ao criar a ligação '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:350
+#: builtin/clone.c:441
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
-msgstr "falhou a copiar o ficheiro para '%s'"
+msgstr "falha ao copiar o ficheiro para '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:373
+#: builtin/clone.c:466
 #, c-format
 msgid "done.\n"
-msgstr "terminado.\n"
+msgstr "concluído.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:478
+msgid ""
+"Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
+"You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
+"and retry the checkout with 'git checkout -f HEAD'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Clonado com sucesso, mas a extração falhou.\n"
+"Pode inspecionar o que foi extraído com 'git status'\n"
+"e repetir a extração com 'git checkout -f HEAD'\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:440
+#: builtin/clone.c:555
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Ramo remoto %s não encontrado para clonar."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:650
+msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
+msgstr "o remoto não enviou todos os objetos necessários"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:549
+#: builtin/clone.c:666
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to update %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível atualizar %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:715
 msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"a HEAD remota referencia uma referência inexistente, não é possível "
+"extrair.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:746
+msgid "unable to checkout working tree"
+msgstr "não foi possível extrair a árvore de trabalho"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:786
+msgid "unable to write parameters to config file"
+msgstr "não foi possível escrever os parâmetros no ficheiro de configuração"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:849
+msgid "cannot repack to clean up"
+msgstr "não é possível reempacotar para limpar"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:851
+msgid "cannot unlink temporary alternates file"
+msgstr ""
+"não é possível invocar unlink sobre o ficheiro sobressalente temporário"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:639
+#: builtin/clone.c:884 builtin/receive-pack.c:1901
 msgid "Too many arguments."
-msgstr "Demasiados parametros."
+msgstr "Demasiados argumentos."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:643
+#: builtin/clone.c:888
 msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Deve especificar um repositório para clonar."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:654
+#: builtin/clone.c:901
 #, c-format
 msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "as opções --bare e --origin %s são incompatíveis."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:668
+#: builtin/clone.c:904
+msgid "--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."
+msgstr "--bare e --separate-git-dir são incompatíveis."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:917
 #, c-format
 msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "o repositório '%s' não existe"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:673
-msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/clone.c:923 builtin/fetch.c:1337
+#, c-format
+msgid "depth %s is not a positive number"
+msgstr "profundidade %s não é um número positivo"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:683
+#: builtin/clone.c:933
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "o caminho de destino '%s' já existe e não é um diretório vazio."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:693
+#: builtin/clone.c:943
 #, c-format
 msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "a árvore de trabalho '%s' já existe."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:706
-#: builtin/clone.c:720
+#: builtin/clone.c:958 builtin/clone.c:969 builtin/difftool.c:252
+#: builtin/worktree.c:222 builtin/worktree.c:249
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível criar os diretórios superiores de '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:709
+#: builtin/clone.c:961
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
-msgstr ""
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível criar o diretório de árvore de trabalho '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:728
+#: builtin/clone.c:973
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
-msgstr "Clonando em um repositorio nu (bare) '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "A clonar no repositório nu '%s'...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:730
+#: builtin/clone.c:975
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
-msgstr "Clonar em '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "A clonar em '%s'...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:786
+#: builtin/clone.c:999
+msgid ""
+"clone --recursive is not compatible with both --reference and --reference-if-"
+"able"
+msgstr ""
+"clone --recursive não é compatível com ambos --reference e --reference-if-"
+"able"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1055
+msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--depth é ignorado em clones locais; use file:// ."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1057
+msgid "--shallow-since is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--shallow-since é ignorado em clones locais; use file:// ."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1059
+msgid "--shallow-exclude is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--shallow-exclude é ignorado em clones locais; use file:// ."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1062
+msgid "source repository is shallow, ignoring --local"
+msgstr "o repositório de origem é raso, --local ignorado"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1067
+msgid "--local is ignored"
+msgstr "--local ignorado"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1071
 #, c-format
 msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
 msgstr "Não sei como clonar %s"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:835
+#: builtin/clone.c:1126 builtin/clone.c:1134
 #, c-format
 msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "O ramo remoto %s não foi encontrado no repositório a montante %s"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:842
+#: builtin/clone.c:1137
 msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Parece foi clonado um repositório vazio."
+
+#: builtin/column.c:9
+msgid "git column [<options>]"
+msgstr "git column [<opções>]"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:26
+msgid "lookup config vars"
+msgstr "pesquisar variáveis de configuração"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:27 builtin/column.c:28
+msgid "layout to use"
+msgstr "esquema a usar"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:29
+msgid "Maximum width"
+msgstr "Largura máxima"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:30
+msgid "Padding space on left border"
+msgstr "Espaço de preenchimento na borda esquerda"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:31
+msgid "Padding space on right border"
+msgstr "Espaço de preenchimento na borda direita"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:32
+msgid "Padding space between columns"
+msgstr "Espaço de preenchimento entre colunas"
 
 #: builtin/column.c:51
 msgid "--command must be the first argument"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "--command deve ser o primeiro argumento"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:38
+msgid "git commit [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git commit [<opções>] [--] <especificador-de-caminho>..."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:43
+msgid "git status [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git status [<opções>] [--] <especificador-de-caminho>..."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:48
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
+"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
+"your configuration file:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"O seu nome e endereço de e-mail foram configurados automaticamente com base\n"
+"no seu nome de utilizador e nome de máquina. Verifique se estão corretos.\n"
+"Pode suprimir esta mensagem configurando-os explicitamente. Execute\n"
+"o seguinte comando e siga as instruções no editor para editar\n"
+"o ficheiro de configuração:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"Após fazer isto, pode corrigir a identidade usada neste commit com:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:61
 msgid ""
 "Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
 "on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
@@ -1921,126 +6842,155 @@ msgid ""
 "    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
 msgstr ""
 "O seu nome e endereço de e-mail foram configurados automaticamente com base\n"
-"no o seu usuario e nome da maquina. Por favor, verifique se eles são precisos.\n"
-"Você pode suprimir esta mensagem, configurando-los explicitamente:\n"
+"no seu nome de utilizador e nome de máquina. Verifique se estão corretos.\n"
+"Pode suprimir esta mensagem configurando-os explicitamente:\n"
 "\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"O teu Nome\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email tu@examplo.com\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"O Seu Nome\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email utilizador@exemplo.com\n"
 "\n"
-"Após fazer isso, você pode corregir a identidade usada em este commit com:\n"
+"Após fazer isto, pode corrigir a identidade usada neste commit com:\n"
 "\n"
 "    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:55
+#: builtin/commit.c:73
 msgid ""
 "You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
 "it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
 "remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
 msgstr ""
+"Pediu para emendar o commit mais recente, mas ao fazê-lo torná-lo-ia\n"
+"vazio. Pode repetir o comando com --allow-empty, ou pode remover o\n"
+"commit completamente com \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:60
+#: builtin/commit.c:78
 msgid ""
 "The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
 "If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
 "\n"
 "    git commit --allow-empty\n"
 "\n"
-"Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
 msgstr ""
+"O cherry-pick anterior está vazio, possivelmente devido a resolução de "
+"conflitos.\n"
+"Se deseja submeter de qualquer forma, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:309
-msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
+#: builtin/commit.c:85
+msgid "Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
+msgstr "Caso contrário, use 'git reset'\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:88
+msgid ""
+"If you wish to skip this commit, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git reset\n"
+"\n"
+"Then \"git cherry-pick --continue\" will resume cherry-picking\n"
+"the remaining commits.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"Se deseja ignorar este commit, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git reset\n"
+"\n"
+"Depois \"git cherry-pick --continue\" irá retomar o cherry-pick\n"
+"dos restantes commits.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:351
+#: builtin/commit.c:318
+msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
+msgstr "falha ao descompactar o objeto árvore HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:359
 msgid "unable to create temporary index"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível criar índice temporário"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:357
+#: builtin/commit.c:365
 msgid "interactive add failed"
-msgstr "falhou adicionar interativo"
+msgstr "falha ao adicionar interativamente"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:378
+msgid "unable to update temporary index"
+msgstr "não é possível atualizar o índice temporário"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:390
-#: builtin/commit.c:411
-#: builtin/commit.c:461
+#: builtin/commit.c:380
+msgid "Failed to update main cache tree"
+msgstr "Falha ao atualizar a árvore de cache principal"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:404 builtin/commit.c:427 builtin/commit.c:476
 msgid "unable to write new_index file"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não é possível escrever o ficheiro new_index"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:442
+#: builtin/commit.c:458
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não é possível fazer um commit parcial durante uma integração."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:444
+#: builtin/commit.c:460
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não é possível fazer um commit parcial durante um cherry-pick."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:454
+#: builtin/commit.c:469
 msgid "cannot read the index"
-msgstr "não foi possível ler o indíce"
+msgstr "não é possível ler o índice"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:474
+#: builtin/commit.c:488
 msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não é possível escrever ficheiro de índice temporário"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:549
-#: builtin/commit.c:555
+#: builtin/commit.c:582
 #, c-format
-msgid "invalid commit: %s"
-msgstr "commit inválido: %s"
+msgid "commit '%s' lacks author header"
+msgstr "o commit '%s' não tem cabeçalho de autor"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:578
+#: builtin/commit.c:584
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit '%s' has malformed author line"
+msgstr "o commit '%s' tem a linha de autor malformada"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:603
 msgid "malformed --author parameter"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "parâmetro --author malformado"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:639
-#, c-format
-msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
+#: builtin/commit.c:655
+msgid ""
+"unable to select a comment character that is not used\n"
+"in the current commit message"
 msgstr ""
+"não foi possível selecionar um carácter de comentário que\n"
+"não estivesse já a ser usado na mensagem de commit atual"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:677
-#: builtin/commit.c:710
-#: builtin/commit.c:1024
+#: builtin/commit.c:692 builtin/commit.c:725 builtin/commit.c:1096
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível consultar o commit %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:689
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:296
+#: builtin/commit.c:704 builtin/shortlog.c:294
 #, c-format
 msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "(a ler mensagem de log da entrada padrão)\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:691
+#: builtin/commit.c:706
 msgid "could not read log from standard input"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível ler o log da entrada padrão"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:695
+#: builtin/commit.c:710
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
-msgstr "não é possivel ler o ficheiro de log '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:701
-msgid "commit has empty message"
-msgstr "a mensagem do commit está vazia"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:717
-msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
-msgstr "não é possivel ler MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "não é possível ler o ficheiro de log '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:721
+#: builtin/commit.c:737 builtin/commit.c:745
 msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "não é possivel ler SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler SQUASH_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:725
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not read '%s'"
-msgstr "não é possivel ler '%s'"
+#: builtin/commit.c:742
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler MERGE_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:777
+#: builtin/commit.c:796
 msgid "could not write commit template"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível escrever o modelo de commit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:788
+#: builtin/commit.c:814
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -2049,8 +6999,13 @@ msgid ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "and try again.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Parece que está a submeter uma integração.\n"
+"Se não for o caso, remova o ficheiro\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"e tente de novo.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:793
+#: builtin/commit.c:819
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -2059,1616 +7014,4305 @@ msgid ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "and try again.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Parece que está a submeter um cherry-pick.\n"
+"Se não é o caso, remova o ficheiro\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"e tente outra vez.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:805
+#: builtin/commit.c:832
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
-"with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+"with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"Introduza a mensagem de commit das suas alterações.\n"
+"Linhas começadas com '%c' serão ignoradas, e uma mensagem vazia\n"
+"aborta o commit.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:810
+#: builtin/commit.c:839
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
-"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
 "An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"Introduzia a mensagem de commit das suas alterações.\n"
+"Linhas começadas com '%c' serão mantidas; pode removê-las se o desejar.\n"
+"Uma mensagem vazia aborta o commit.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:859
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sAuthor:    %.*s <%.*s>"
+msgstr "%sAutor:    %.*s <%.*s>"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:823
+#: builtin/commit.c:867
 #, c-format
-msgid "%sAuthor:    %s"
-msgstr "%sAutor:    %s"
+msgid "%sDate:      %s"
+msgstr "%sData:      %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:830
+#: builtin/commit.c:874
 #, c-format
-msgid "%sCommitter: %s"
-msgstr "%sCommitador: %s"
+msgid "%sCommitter: %.*s <%.*s>"
+msgstr "%sCommitter: %.*s <%.*s>"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:850
+#: builtin/commit.c:892
 msgid "Cannot read index"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não é possível ler o índice"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:887
+#: builtin/commit.c:954
 msgid "Error building trees"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Erro ao construir árvores"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:902
-#: builtin/tag.c:361
+#: builtin/commit.c:968 builtin/tag.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Indique a mensagem usando as opções -m ou -F.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:999
+#: builtin/commit.c:1071
 #, c-format
-msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
+msgid "--author '%s' is not 'Name <email>' and matches no existing author"
 msgstr ""
+"--author '%s' não é do tipo 'Nome <email>' e não corresponde a um autor "
+"existente"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1014
-#: builtin/commit.c:1214
+#: builtin/commit.c:1086 builtin/commit.c:1325
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Modo inválido de ficheiros não controlados '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1054
+#: builtin/commit.c:1124
+msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
+msgstr "--long e -z são incompatíveis"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1154
 msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não faz sentido usar --reset-author e --author ao mesmo tempo"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1065
+#: builtin/commit.c:1163
 msgid "You have nothing to amend."
-msgstr "Você não tem nada a corregir."
+msgstr "Não há nada para emendar."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1068
+#: builtin/commit.c:1166
 msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Integração em curso -- não é possível emendar."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1070
+#: builtin/commit.c:1168
 msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Cherry-pick em curso -- não é possível emendar."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1073
+#: builtin/commit.c:1171
 msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "As opções --squash e --fixup não podem ser usadas juntas"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1083
+#: builtin/commit.c:1181
 msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Apenas um entre -c/-C/-F/--fixup pode ser usado."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1085
+#: builtin/commit.c:1183
 msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "A opção -m não pode ser combinada com -c/C/-F/--fixup."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1093
+#: builtin/commit.c:1191
 msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "--reset-author só pode ser usado com -C, -c ou --amend."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1110
+#: builtin/commit.c:1208
 msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
 msgstr ""
+"Apenas um entre --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch pode ser usado."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1112
+#: builtin/commit.c:1210
 msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1114
-msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "As opções --include/--only não fazem sentido sem indicar caminhos."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1116
-msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths..."
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/commit.c:1212
+msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i or -o; assuming --only paths..."
+msgstr "Caminhos explícitos especificados sem -i ou -o; assumindo --only..."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1126
-#: builtin/tag.c:577
+#: builtin/commit.c:1224 builtin/tag.c:551
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Modo de limpeza inválido %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1131
+#: builtin/commit.c:1229
 msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
+msgstr "Indicar caminhos com -a não faz sentido."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1339 builtin/commit.c:1612
+msgid "show status concisely"
+msgstr "mostrar status de forma concisa"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1341 builtin/commit.c:1614
+msgid "show branch information"
+msgstr "mostrar informação do ramo"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1343
+msgid "version"
+msgstr "versão"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1343 builtin/commit.c:1616 builtin/push.c:525
+#: builtin/worktree.c:443
+msgid "machine-readable output"
+msgstr "saída inteligível por máquina"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1346 builtin/commit.c:1618
+msgid "show status in long format (default)"
+msgstr "apresentar status em formato longo (predefinição)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1349 builtin/commit.c:1621
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
+msgstr "terminar entradas com NUL"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1351 builtin/commit.c:1624 builtin/fast-export.c:981
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:984 builtin/tag.c:411
+msgid "mode"
+msgstr "modo"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1352 builtin/commit.c:1624
+msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
 msgstr ""
+"mostrar ficheiros não controlados, modo é opcional: all, normal, no. "
+"(Predefinição: all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1315
-msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1355
+msgid "show ignored files"
+msgstr "mostrar ficheiros ignorados"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1356 parse-options.h:155
+msgid "when"
+msgstr "quando"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1357
+msgid ""
+"ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
+"(Default: all)"
 msgstr ""
+"ignorar alterações em submódulos, quando é opcional: all, dirty, untracked. "
+"(Predefinição: all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1317
+#: builtin/commit.c:1359
+msgid "list untracked files in columns"
+msgstr "listar ficheiros não controlados em colunas"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1435
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr "não foi possível consultar o commit recém-criado"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1437
 msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível analisar o commit recém-criado"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1358
+#: builtin/commit.c:1482
 msgid "detached HEAD"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "HEAD destacada"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1360
+#: builtin/commit.c:1485
 msgid " (root-commit)"
-msgstr " (root-commit)"
+msgstr " (commit-raiz)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1450
-msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1582
+msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
+msgstr "suprimir o resumo depois de submeter com sucesso"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1583
+msgid "show diff in commit message template"
+msgstr "mostrar diff no modelo da mensagem de commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1585
+msgid "Commit message options"
+msgstr "Opções de mensagem de commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1586 builtin/tag.c:409
+msgid "read message from file"
+msgstr "ler mensagem de um ficheiro"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1587
+msgid "author"
+msgstr "autor"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1587
+msgid "override author for commit"
+msgstr "substituir autor do commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1588 builtin/gc.c:353
+msgid "date"
+msgstr "data"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1588
+msgid "override date for commit"
+msgstr "substituir data do commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1589 builtin/merge.c:221 builtin/notes.c:398
+#: builtin/notes.c:561 builtin/tag.c:407
+msgid "message"
+msgstr "mensagem"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1589
+msgid "commit message"
+msgstr "mensagem de commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1590 builtin/commit.c:1591 builtin/commit.c:1592
+#: builtin/commit.c:1593 parse-options.h:257 ref-filter.h:77
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
+msgstr "reutilizar e editar a mensagem de um commit especificado"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1591
+msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
+msgstr "reutilizar a mensagem de um commit especificado"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1592
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
 msgstr ""
+"usar mensagem com formato autosquash para corrigir o commit especificado"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1487
-#: builtin/merge.c:509
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1593
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
 msgstr ""
+"usar mensagem com formato autosquash para esmagar o commit especificado"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1594
+msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
+msgstr "agora sou eu o autor do commit (usado com C/-c/--amend)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1595 builtin/log.c:1420 builtin/revert.c:104
+msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
+msgstr "adicionar Signed-off-by:"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1596
+msgid "use specified template file"
+msgstr "usar ficheiro de modelo especificado"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1597
+msgid "force edit of commit"
+msgstr "forçar edição do commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1598
+msgid "default"
+msgstr "predefinição"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1598 builtin/tag.c:412
+msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
+msgstr "como retirar espaços e #comentários da mensagem"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1599
+msgid "include status in commit message template"
+msgstr "incluir status no modelo da mensagem de commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1601 builtin/merge.c:233 builtin/pull.c:166
+#: builtin/revert.c:112
+msgid "GPG sign commit"
+msgstr "assinar o commit com GPG"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1604
+msgid "Commit contents options"
+msgstr "Opções de conteúdo do commit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1494
+#: builtin/commit.c:1605
+msgid "commit all changed files"
+msgstr "submeter todos os ficheiros alterados"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1606
+msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
+msgstr "adicionar ficheiros especificados ao índice para submeter"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1607
+msgid "interactively add files"
+msgstr "adicionar ficheiros interativamente"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1608
+msgid "interactively add changes"
+msgstr "adicionar alterações interativamente"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1609
+msgid "commit only specified files"
+msgstr "submeter somente os ficheiros especificados"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1610
+msgid "bypass pre-commit and commit-msg hooks"
+msgstr "ignorar pre-commit e commit-msg hooks"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1611
+msgid "show what would be committed"
+msgstr "mostrar o que seria submetido"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1622
+msgid "amend previous commit"
+msgstr "emendar o commit anterior"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1623
+msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
+msgstr "ignorar post-rewrite hook"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1628
+msgid "ok to record an empty change"
+msgstr "aceitar o registo duma alteração vazia"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1630
+msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
+msgstr "aceitar o registo duma alteração com uma mensagem vazia"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1659
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr "não foi possível analisar o commit HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1707
 #, c-format
 msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Ficheiro MERGE_HEAD corrompido (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1501
+#: builtin/commit.c:1714
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível ler MERGE_MODE"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1520
+#: builtin/commit.c:1733
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível ler a mensagem de commit: %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1534
+#: builtin/commit.c:1744
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "A abortar o commit; não editou a mensagem.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1539
+#: builtin/commit.c:1749
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
+msgstr "A abortar o commit uma vez que a mensagem de commit está vazia.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1797
+msgid ""
+"Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+"new_index file. Check that disk is not full and quota is\n"
+"not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
 msgstr ""
+"O repositório foi atualizado, mas não foi possível escrever\n"
+"o ficheiro new_index. Verifique se o disco não está cheio\n"
+"e que a quota não foi excedida e execute \"git reset HEAD\" para recuperar."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1554
-#: builtin/merge.c:936
-#: builtin/merge.c:961
-msgid "failed to write commit object"
+#: builtin/config.c:9
+msgid "git config [<options>]"
+msgstr "git config [<opções>]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:55
+msgid "Config file location"
+msgstr "Localização do ficheiro de configuração"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:56
+msgid "use global config file"
+msgstr "usar ficheiro de configuração global"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:57
+msgid "use system config file"
+msgstr "usar ficheiro de configuração do sistema"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:58
+msgid "use repository config file"
+msgstr "usar ficheiro de configuração do repositório"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:59
+msgid "use given config file"
+msgstr "usar ficheiro de configuração fornecido"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:60
+msgid "blob-id"
+msgstr "id-blob"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:60
+msgid "read config from given blob object"
+msgstr "ler configuração a partir do objeto blob fornecido"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:61
+msgid "Action"
+msgstr "Ação"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:62
+msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "obter valor: nome [regex-do-valor]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:63
+msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
+msgstr "obter todos os valores: chave [regex-do-valor]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:64
+msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
+msgstr "obter valores para a regexp: regex-do-nome [regex-do-valor]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:65
+msgid "get value specific for the URL: section[.var] URL"
+msgstr "obter valor do URL especificado: section[.var] URL"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:66
+msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
 msgstr ""
+"substituir todos as variáveis correspondentes: nome valor [regex-do-valor]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:67
+msgid "add a new variable: name value"
+msgstr "adicionar uma nova variável: nome valor"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:68
+msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "remover uma variável: nome [regex-do-valor]"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1575
-msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
+#: builtin/config.c:69
+msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "remover todas as correspondências: nome [regex-do-valor]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:70
+msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
+msgstr "mudar o nome da secção: nome-antigo novo-nome"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:71
+msgid "remove a section: name"
+msgstr "remover uma secção: nome"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:72
+msgid "list all"
+msgstr "listar todos"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:73
+msgid "open an editor"
+msgstr "abrir um editor"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:74
+msgid "find the color configured: slot [default]"
+msgstr "encontrar a cor configurada: slot [predefinição]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:75
+msgid "find the color setting: slot [stdout-is-tty]"
+msgstr "encontrar a definição de cor: slot [stdout-é-tty]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:76
+msgid "Type"
+msgstr "Tipo"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:77
+msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
+msgstr "o valor é \"true\" (verdadeiro) ou \"false\" (falso)"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:78
+msgid "value is decimal number"
+msgstr "o valor é um número decimal"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:79
+msgid "value is --bool or --int"
+msgstr "o valor é --bool ou --int"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:80
+msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
+msgstr "o valor é um caminho (nome dum ficheiro ou diretório)"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:81
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Outro"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:82
+msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
+msgstr "terminar valores com o byte NUL"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:83
+msgid "show variable names only"
+msgstr "mostrar apenas os nomes das variáveis"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:84
+msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
+msgstr "respeitar diretivas de inclusão ao pesquisar"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:85
+msgid "show origin of config (file, standard input, blob, command line)"
 msgstr ""
+"mostrar a origem da configuração (ficheiro, entrada padrão, blob, linha de "
+"comandos)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1579
-msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
+#: builtin/config.c:327
+msgid "unable to parse default color value"
+msgstr "não é possível analisar o valor de cor por omissão"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:471
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"# This is Git's per-user configuration file.\n"
+"[user]\n"
+"# Please adapt and uncomment the following lines:\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
+"#\temail = %s\n"
 msgstr ""
+"# Este é o ficheiro de configuração do Git do utilizador.\n"
+"[user]\n"
+"# Adapte e retire os comentários das seguintes linhas:\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
+"#\temail = %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+#: builtin/config.c:611
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot create configuration file %s"
+msgstr "não é possível criar o ficheiro de configuração %s"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:623
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
-"Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
-"new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
-"not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
+"cannot overwrite multiple values with a single value\n"
+"       Use a regexp, --add or --replace-all to change %s."
 msgstr ""
+"não é possível substituir múltiplos valores por um único valor\n"
+"\tUse uma regexp, --add ou --replace-all para alterar %s."
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:86
+msgid "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
+msgstr "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:96
+msgid "print sizes in human readable format"
+msgstr "imprimir dimensões em formato inteligível por humanos"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:234
+#: builtin/describe.c:18
+msgid "git describe [<options>] [<commit-ish>...]"
+msgstr "git describe [<opções>] [<commit-etc>...]"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:19
+msgid "git describe [<options>] --dirty"
+msgstr "git describe [<opções>] --dirty"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:53
+msgid "head"
+msgstr "cabeça"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:53
+msgid "lightweight"
+msgstr "leve"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:53
+msgid "annotated"
+msgstr "anotado"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:250
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "a tag anotada %s não está disponível"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:238
+#: builtin/describe.c:254
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "a tag anotada %s não tem nenhum nome incorporado"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:240
+#: builtin/describe.c:256
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "a tag '%s' está de facto em '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#: builtin/describe.c:283 builtin/log.c:487
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s não é um nome de objeto válido"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#: builtin/describe.c:286
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s não é um objeto '%s' válido"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:287
+#: builtin/describe.c:303
 #, c-format
 msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nenhuma tag corresponde exatamente a '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:289
+#: builtin/describe.c:305
 #, c-format
 msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "à procurar da descrição de %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:329
+#: builtin/describe.c:352
 #, c-format
 msgid "finished search at %s\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "a pesquisa terminou em %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:353
+#: builtin/describe.c:379
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 "However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
 msgstr ""
+"Não é possível usar tags anotadas para descrever '%s'.\n"
+"No entanto, é possível com tags não anotadas: tente --tags."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:357
+#: builtin/describe.c:383
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 "Try --always, or create some tags."
 msgstr ""
+"Não é possível usar tags para descrever '%s'.\n"
+"Tente --always, ou crie algumas tags."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:378
+#: builtin/describe.c:413
 #, c-format
 msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%lu commits percorridos\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:381
+#: builtin/describe.c:416
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
 "gave up search at %s\n"
 msgstr ""
+"mais de %i tags encontradas; foram listadas as %i mais recentes\n"
+"pesquisa interrompida em %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:436
-msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
+#: builtin/describe.c:438
+msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
+msgstr "localizar a tag que vem após o commit"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:439
+msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
+msgstr "depurar a estratégia de procura para stderr"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:440
+msgid "use any ref"
+msgstr "usar uma referência qualquer"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:441
+msgid "use any tag, even unannotated"
+msgstr "usar uma tag qualquer, mesmo não anotada"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:442
+msgid "always use long format"
+msgstr "usar sempre formato longo"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:443
+msgid "only follow first parent"
+msgstr "seguir só o primeiro pai"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:446
+msgid "only output exact matches"
+msgstr "imprimir apenas correspondências exatas"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:448
+msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
+msgstr "considerar as <n> tags mais recentes (predefinição: 10)"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:450
+msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "apenas considerar tags que correspondam ao <padrão>"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:452
+msgid "do not consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "não considerar tags que correspondam ao <padrão>"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:454 builtin/name-rev.c:357
+msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
+msgstr "mostrar objetos de commit abreviados em recurso"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:455 builtin/describe.c:458
+msgid "mark"
+msgstr "marca"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:456
+msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
+msgstr ""
+"acrescentar <marca> se a árvore de trabalho contiver alterações "
+"(predefinição: \"-dirty\")"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:459
+msgid "append <mark> on broken working tree (default: \"-broken\")"
 msgstr ""
+"acrescentar <marca> no caso de árvore de trabalho quebrada (predefinição: \"-"
+"broken\")"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:477
+msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
+msgstr "--long é incompatível com --abbrev=0"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:462
+#: builtin/describe.c:506
 msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
-msgstr "Nenhum nome encontrado, não descreve nada."
+msgstr "Nenhum nome encontrado, não é possível descrever."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:482
+#: builtin/describe.c:549
 msgid "--dirty is incompatible with commit-ishes"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "--dirty é incompatível com commits ou semelhantes"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:551
+msgid "--broken is incompatible with commit-ishes"
+msgstr "--broken é incompatível com commits ou semelhantes"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:77
+#: builtin/diff.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "'%s': não é um ficheiro regular nem uma ligação simbólica"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:220
+#: builtin/diff.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid option: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "opção inválida: %s"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:297
+#: builtin/diff.c:358
 msgid "Not a git repository"
-msgstr "Não é um repositorio git"
+msgstr "Não é um repositório git"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:347
+#: builtin/diff.c:401
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "objeto inválido '%s' fornecido."
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:352
+#: builtin/diff.c:410
 #, c-format
-msgid "more than %d trees given: '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
+msgstr "mais do que dois blobs fornecidos: '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:362
+#: builtin/diff.c:417
 #, c-format
-msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
+msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
+msgstr "objeto sem tratamento '%s' fornecido."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:28
+msgid "git difftool [<options>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git difftool [<opções>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<caminho>...]"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:241
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed: %d"
+msgstr "falha: %d"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler a ligação simbólica %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:285
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink file %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler o ficheiro de ligação simbólica %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:293
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read object %s for symlink %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler o objeto %s da ligação simbólica %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:395
+msgid ""
+"combined diff formats('-c' and '--cc') are not supported in\n"
+"directory diff mode('-d' and '--dir-diff')."
 msgstr ""
+"formatos diff combinado('-c' e '--cc') não são suportados em\n"
+"modo diff diretório ('-d' e '--dir-diff')."
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:370
+#: builtin/difftool.c:609
 #, c-format
-msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
+msgid "both files modified: '%s' and '%s'."
+msgstr "ambos os ficheiros modificados: '%s' e '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:611
+msgid "working tree file has been left."
+msgstr "ficheiro de árvore de trabalho foi deixado."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:622
+#, c-format
+msgid "temporary files exist in '%s'."
+msgstr "existem ficheiros temporários em '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:623
+msgid "you may want to cleanup or recover these."
+msgstr "pode querer limpar ou recuperá-los."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:669
+msgid "use `diff.guitool` instead of `diff.tool`"
+msgstr "use 'diff.guitool' em vez de 'diff.tool'"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:671
+msgid "perform a full-directory diff"
+msgstr "efetuar diff diretório completo"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:673
+msgid "do not prompt before launching a diff tool"
+msgstr "não perguntar antes de lançar uma ferramenta diff"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:679
+msgid "use symlinks in dir-diff mode"
+msgstr "usar symlinks no modi dir-diff"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:680
+msgid "<tool>"
+msgstr "<ferramenta>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:681
+msgid "use the specified diff tool"
+msgstr "usar a ferramenta diff especificada"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:683
+msgid "print a list of diff tools that may be used with `--tool`"
 msgstr ""
+"imprimir uma lista de ferramentas diff que podem ser usadas com '--tool'"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:200
-msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
+#: builtin/difftool.c:686
+msgid ""
+"make 'git-difftool' exit when an invoked diff tool returns a non - zero exit "
+"code"
+msgstr ""
+"fazer com que 'git-difftool' termine quando uma ferramenta diff invocada "
+"retorna um código de saída não nulo"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:688
+msgid "<command>"
+msgstr "<comando>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:689
+msgid "specify a custom command for viewing diffs"
+msgstr "especificar um comando personalizado para ver diffs"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:713
+msgid "no <tool> given for --tool=<tool>"
+msgstr "nenhuma <ferramenta> dada a --tool=<ferramenta>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:720
+msgid "no <cmd> given for --extcmd=<cmd>"
+msgstr "nenhum <cmd> dado a --extcmd=<cmd>"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:25
+msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
+msgstr "git fast-export [opções-de-rev-list]"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:980
+msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
+msgstr "mostrar progresso depois de <n> objetos"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:982
+msgid "select handling of signed tags"
+msgstr "selecionar o tratamento de tags assinadas"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:985
+msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
+msgstr "selecionar o tratamento de tags que apontem para objetos filtrados"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:988
+msgid "Dump marks to this file"
+msgstr "Capturar marcas neste ficheiro"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:990
+msgid "Import marks from this file"
+msgstr "Importar marcas deste ficheiro"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:992
+msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
+msgstr "Inventar um autor de tag para tags que não tenham um"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:994
+msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
+msgstr "Mostrar a árvore completa para cada commit"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:996
+msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
+msgstr "Usar a funcionalidade done para terminar o fluxo"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:997
+msgid "Skip output of blob data"
+msgstr "Ignorar a exibição de dados de blob"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:998
+msgid "refspec"
+msgstr "especificador de referência"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:999
+msgid "Apply refspec to exported refs"
+msgstr "Aplicar o especificador de referência a referências exportadas"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1000
+msgid "anonymize output"
+msgstr "anonimizar saída"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:21
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git fetch [<opções>] [<repositório> [<especificador-de-referência>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:22
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
+msgstr "git fetch [<opções>] <grupo>"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:23
+msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
+msgstr "git fetch --multiple [<opções>] [(<repositório> | <grupo>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:24
+msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
+msgstr "git fetch --all [<opções>]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:95 builtin/pull.c:175
+msgid "fetch from all remotes"
+msgstr "obter de todos os remotos"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:97 builtin/pull.c:178
+msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
+msgstr "acrescentar a .git/FETCH_HEAD em vez de substituir"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:99 builtin/pull.c:181
+msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
+msgstr "caminho para o comando upload pack no remoto"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:100 builtin/pull.c:183
+msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
+msgstr "forçar a substituição do ramo local"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:102
+msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
+msgstr "obter de múltiplos remotos"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:104 builtin/pull.c:185
+msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
+msgstr "obter todas as tags e objetos associados"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:106
+msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
+msgstr "não obter todas as tags (--no-tags)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:108
+msgid "number of submodules fetched in parallel"
+msgstr "número de submódulos obtidos em paralelo"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:110 builtin/pull.c:188
+msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
 msgstr ""
+"eliminar os ramos de monitorização remotos que já não existem no remoto"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:111 builtin/pull.c:191
+msgid "on-demand"
+msgstr "on-demand"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:253
+#: builtin/fetch.c:112 builtin/pull.c:192
+msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr "controlar a obtenção recursiva de submódulos"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:116 builtin/pull.c:200
+msgid "keep downloaded pack"
+msgstr "manter o pacote transferido"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:118
+msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
+msgstr "permitir a atualização da referência HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:121 builtin/fetch.c:127 builtin/pull.c:203
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
+msgstr "aprofundar o histórico de um clone raso"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:123
+msgid "deepen history of shallow repository based on time"
+msgstr "aprofundar o histórico de repositório raso com base na data"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:129 builtin/pull.c:206
+msgid "convert to a complete repository"
+msgstr "converter num repositório completo"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:131 builtin/log.c:1440
+msgid "dir"
+msgstr "dir"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:132
+msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
+msgstr "preceder isto ao caminho do submódulo"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:135
+msgid "default mode for recursion"
+msgstr "modo recursivo por omissão"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:137 builtin/pull.c:209
+msgid "accept refs that update .git/shallow"
+msgstr "aceitar referência que atualizem .git/shallow"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:138 builtin/pull.c:211
+msgid "refmap"
+msgstr "mapa de referências"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:139 builtin/pull.c:212
+msgid "specify fetch refmap"
+msgstr "especificar mapa de referências"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:395
+msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
+msgstr "Referência remota HEAD não encontrada"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:513
+#, c-format
+msgid "configuration fetch.output contains invalid value %s"
+msgstr "a configuração fetch.ouput contém o valor inválido %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:606
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s not found"
-msgstr "objecto %s não encontrado"
+msgstr "objeto %s não encontrado"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:259
+#: builtin/fetch.c:610
 msgid "[up to date]"
-msgstr "[Actualizada]"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:273
-#, c-format
-msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "[atualizado]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:274
-#: builtin/fetch.c:360
+#: builtin/fetch.c:623 builtin/fetch.c:703
 msgid "[rejected]"
 msgstr "[rejeitado]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:285
+#: builtin/fetch.c:624
+msgid "can't fetch in current branch"
+msgstr "não é possível obter no ramo atual"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:633
 msgid "[tag update]"
-msgstr "[etiqueta actualizada]"
+msgstr "[tag atualizada]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:287
-#: builtin/fetch.c:322
-#: builtin/fetch.c:340
-msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/fetch.c:634 builtin/fetch.c:667 builtin/fetch.c:683
+#: builtin/fetch.c:698
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr "não é possível atualizar a referência local"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:305
+#: builtin/fetch.c:653
 msgid "[new tag]"
-msgstr "[nova etiqueta]"
+msgstr "[nova tag]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:308
+#: builtin/fetch.c:656
 msgid "[new branch]"
-msgstr "[nova rama]"
+msgstr "[novo ramo]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:311
+#: builtin/fetch.c:659
 msgid "[new ref]"
-msgstr "[nova ref]"
+msgstr "[nova referência]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:356
-msgid "unable to update local ref"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+#: builtin/fetch.c:698
 msgid "forced update"
-msgstr "actualização forçada"
+msgstr "atualização forçada"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:362
-msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
-msgstr "(non-fast-forward)"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:703
+msgid "non-fast-forward"
+msgstr "sem avanço-rápido"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:393
-#: builtin/fetch.c:685
+#: builtin/fetch.c:748
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
-msgstr "não é possivel abrir %s: %s\n"
+msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
+msgstr "%s não enviou todos os objetos necessários\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:402
+#: builtin/fetch.c:768
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "reject %s because shallow roots are not allowed to be updated"
+msgstr "%s rejeitado, porque as raízes rasas não podem ser atualizadas"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:488
+#: builtin/fetch.c:855 builtin/fetch.c:951
 #, c-format
 msgid "From %.*s\n"
-msgstr "Para %.*s\n"
+msgstr "De %.*s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:499
+#: builtin/fetch.c:866
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
 " 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting branches"
 msgstr ""
+"algumas referências locais não puderam ser atualizadas; tente executar\n"
+" 'git remote prune %s' para remover algum ramo antigo em conflito"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:549
+#: builtin/fetch.c:921
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "   (%s ficará suspenso)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:550
+#: builtin/fetch.c:922
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "   (%s ficou suspenso)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:557
+#: builtin/fetch.c:954
 msgid "[deleted]"
 msgstr "[eliminado]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:558
-#: builtin/remote.c:1055
+#: builtin/fetch.c:955 builtin/remote.c:1022
 msgid "(none)"
 msgstr "(nenhum)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:675
+#: builtin/fetch.c:978
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Obtenção de objetos no ramo atual %s de um repositório não nu recusada"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:709
-#, c-format
-msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:786
+#: builtin/fetch.c:997
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "O valor \"%2$s\" da opção \"%1$s\" não é válido em %3$s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:789
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1000
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Opção \"%s\" ignorada em %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1076
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
+msgstr "Não sei como obter de %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:888
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1236
 #, c-format
 msgid "Fetching %s\n"
-msgstr "Baixando %s\n"
+msgstr "A obter de %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:890
-#: builtin/remote.c:100
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1238 builtin/remote.c:96
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not fetch %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não foi possível obter de %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:907
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1256
 msgid ""
 "No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
 "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
 msgstr ""
-"Nenhum repositório remoto especificado. Por favor, especifique um URL ou o\n"
-"nome remoto a partir do qual novas revisões devem ser obtida."
+"Nenhum repositório remoto especificado. Especifique um URL ou\n"
+"o nome remoto a partir do qual as novas revisões devem ser obtidas."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:927
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1279
 msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
-msgstr "Você precisa especificar um nome da etiqueta."
+msgstr "Deve especificar um nome para a tag."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1321
+msgid "Negative depth in --deepen is not supported"
+msgstr "Não é suportada profundidade negativa em --deepen"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1323
+msgid "--deepen and --depth are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "--deepen e --depth são mutuamente exclusivos"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1328
+msgid "--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"
+msgstr "--depth e --unshallow não podem ser usados juntos"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:979
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1330
+msgid "--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"
+msgstr "usar --unshallow num repositório completo não faz sentido"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1352
 msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "fetch --all não leva um repositório como argumento"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:981
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1354
 msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "fetch --all não faz sentido com especificadores de referência"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:992
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1365
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "O remoto ou grupo remoto não existe: %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1000
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1373
 msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
+msgstr "Não faz sentido obter um grupo e especificar uma referência"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:14
+msgid ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <file>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <mensagem>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file "
+"<ficheiro>]"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:663
+msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
+msgstr "povoar o registo com, no máximo, <n> entradas do shortlog"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
+msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
+msgstr "alias de --log (obsoleto)"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
+msgid "text"
+msgstr "texto"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:670
+msgid "use <text> as start of message"
+msgstr "usar <texto> no início da mensagem"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:671
+msgid "file to read from"
+msgstr "ficheiro a ler"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:9
+msgid "git for-each-ref [<options>] [<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [<opções>] [<padrão>]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:10
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--points-at <object>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--points-at <objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:11
+msgid "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:12
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--contains [<commit>]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--contains [<commit>]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:27
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
+msgstr ""
+"envolver os marcadores de posição em aspas de forma adequada para "
+"interpretadores de comandos"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:29
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
+msgstr "envolver os marcadores de posição em aspas de forma adequada para perl"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:31
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
+msgstr ""
+"envolver os marcadores de posição em aspas de forma adequada para python"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:33
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for Tcl"
+msgstr "envolver os marcadores de posição em aspas de forma adequada para Tcl"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:36
+msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
+msgstr "mostrar apenas <n> referências correspondidas"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:41
+msgid "print only refs which points at the given object"
+msgstr "imprimir apenas referências que apontem para o objeto fornecido"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:43
+msgid "print only refs that are merged"
+msgstr "imprimir apenas referenciadas integradas"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:44
+msgid "print only refs that are not merged"
+msgstr "imprimir apenas referências não integrada"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:45
+msgid "print only refs which contain the commit"
+msgstr "imprimir apenas referências que contenham o commit"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:46
+msgid "print only refs which don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "imprimir apenas referências que não contenham o commit"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:554
+msgid "Checking object directories"
+msgstr "A verificar diretórios de objetos"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:646
+msgid "git fsck [<options>] [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git fsck [<opções>] [<objeto>...]"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:652
+msgid "show unreachable objects"
+msgstr "mostrar objetos inalcançáveis"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:653
+msgid "show dangling objects"
+msgstr "mostrar objetos suspensos"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:654
+msgid "report tags"
+msgstr "mostrar tags"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:655
+msgid "report root nodes"
+msgstr "mostrar nós raiz"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:656
+msgid "make index objects head nodes"
+msgstr "considerar objetos do índice como nós cabeça"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:657
+msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
+msgstr "considerar os reflogs como nós cabeça (predefinição)"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:658
+msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
+msgstr "considerar também pacotes e objetos sobressalente"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:659
+msgid "check only connectivity"
+msgstr "verificar só a conetividade"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:660
+msgid "enable more strict checking"
+msgstr "ativar verificação mais rigorosa"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:662
+msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
+msgstr "escrever objetos suspensos em .git/lost-found"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:663 builtin/prune.c:107
+msgid "show progress"
+msgstr "mostrar progresso"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:664
+msgid "show verbose names for reachable objects"
+msgstr "mostrar nomes verbosos de objetos inalcançáveis"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:725
+msgid "Checking objects"
+msgstr "A verificar objetos"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:25
+msgid "git gc [<options>]"
+msgstr "git gc [<opções>]"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:78
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fstat %s: %s"
+msgstr "falha ao invocar fstat sobre %s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "Can't stat %s"
+msgstr "não é possível invocar stat sobre %s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The last gc run reported the following. Please correct the root cause\n"
+"and remove %s.\n"
+"Automatic cleanup will not be performed until the file is removed.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
 msgstr ""
+"A última execução do gc reportou o seguinte.\n"
+"Corrija a origem do problema e remova %s.\n"
+"A limpeza automática não será realizada enquanto o ficheiro existir.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:354
+msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
+msgstr "eliminar ficheiros não referenciados"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:356
+msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
+msgstr "ser mais minucioso (aumenta o tempo de execução)"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:357
+msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
+msgstr "ativar modo auto-gc"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:63
+#: builtin/gc.c:358
+msgid "force running gc even if there may be another gc running"
+msgstr "forçar a execução do gc mesmo que haja outro gc a executar"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:375
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
-msgstr "Inválido %s: '%s'"
+msgid "Failed to parse gc.logexpiry value %s"
+msgstr "falha ao analisar o valor %s de gc.logexpiry"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:90
+#: builtin/gc.c:403
 #, c-format
-msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
+msgid "Auto packing the repository in background for optimum performance.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"A autocompactar o repositório em segundo plano para obter um melhor "
+"desempenho.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:221
+#: builtin/gc.c:405
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "A autocompactar o repositório para obter um melhor desempenho.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:224
+#: builtin/gc.c:406
+#, c-format
+msgid "See \"git help gc\" for manual housekeeping.\n"
+msgstr "Consulte \"git help gc\" para ler sobre manutenção manual.\n"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:427
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
-"Auto packing the repository for optimum performance. You may also\n"
-"run \"git gc\" manually. See \"git help gc\" for more information.\n"
+"gc is already running on machine '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> (use --force if not)"
 msgstr ""
+"gc já a executar na máquina '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> (use --force se não for o "
+"caso)"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:251
-msgid "There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
+#: builtin/gc.c:471
+msgid ""
+"There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
 msgstr ""
+"Existem demasiados objeto soltos inalcançáveis; execute 'git prune' para os "
+"remover."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:216
+#: builtin/grep.c:25
+msgid "git grep [<options>] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git grep [<opções>] [-e] <padrão> [<rev>...] [[--] <caminho>...]"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:232
 #, c-format
 msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "grep: falha ao criar thread: %s"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:402
+#: builtin/grep.c:290
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to chdir: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d) for %s"
+msgstr "o número de threads especificado em %2$s é inválido (%1$d)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:478
-#: builtin/grep.c:512
+#: builtin/grep.c:769 builtin/grep.c:810
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível ler a árvore (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:526
+#: builtin/grep.c:829
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível efetuar grep de objetos do tipo %s"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:584
+#: builtin/grep.c:893
 #, c-format
 msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
+msgstr "a opção '%c' espera um valor numérico"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:980
+msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
+msgstr "procurar no índice em vez de procurar na árvore de trabalho"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:982
+msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
+msgstr "procurar em conteúdos não geridos pelo git"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:984
+msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
+msgstr "procurar em ficheiros controlados e não controlados"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:986
+msgid "ignore files specified via '.gitignore'"
+msgstr "ignorar ficheiros especificados via '.gitignore'"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:988
+msgid "recursively search in each submodule"
+msgstr "procurar recursivamente em cada submódulo"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:990
+msgid "basename"
+msgstr "nomebase"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:991
+msgid "prepend parent project's basename to output"
+msgstr "preceder o nomebase do projeto pai na saída"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:994
+msgid "show non-matching lines"
+msgstr "mostrar linhas não correspondidas"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:996
+msgid "case insensitive matching"
+msgstr "não diferenciar maiúsculas de minúsculas"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:998
+msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
+msgstr "corresponder padrões apenas a palavras"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1000
+msgid "process binary files as text"
+msgstr "processar ficheiros binários como texto"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1002
+msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
+msgstr "ignorar ficheiros binários"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1005
+msgid "process binary files with textconv filters"
+msgstr "processar ficheiros binários com filtros textconv"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1007
+msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
+msgstr "descer no máximo até <profundidade>"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1011
+msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
+msgstr "usar expressões regulares estendidas do POSIX"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1014
+msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
+msgstr "usar expressões regulares básicas do POSIX (predefinição)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1017
+msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
+msgstr "interpretar padrões como cadeias de caracteres fixas"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1020
+msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
+msgstr "usar expressões regulares compatíveis com Perl"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1023
+msgid "show line numbers"
+msgstr "mostrar números de linha"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1024
+msgid "don't show filenames"
+msgstr "não mostrar nomes de ficheiro"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1025
+msgid "show filenames"
+msgstr "mostrar nomes de ficheiro"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1027
+msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
+msgstr "mostrar nomes de ficheiro relativamente ao diretório superior"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1029
+msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
+msgstr "mostrar apenas nomes de ficheiro em vez de linhas correspondidas"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1031
+msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
+msgstr "sinónimo de --files-with-matches"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1034
+msgid "show only the names of files without match"
+msgstr "mostrar apenas nomes de ficheiro sem correspondência"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1036
+msgid "print NUL after filenames"
+msgstr "imprimir NUL depois dos nomes de ficheiro"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1038
+msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
+msgstr "mostrar o número de correspondências em vez das linha correspondidas"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1039
+msgid "highlight matches"
+msgstr "realçar correspondências"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1041
+msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
 msgstr ""
+"imprimir uma linha em branco entre correspondências de diferentes ficheiros"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:601
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+#: builtin/grep.c:1043
+msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
 msgstr ""
+"mostrar só uma vez o nome do ficheiro acima das correspondências dentro do "
+"mesmo ficheiro"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:888
-msgid "no pattern given."
+#: builtin/grep.c:1046
+msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
+msgstr "mostrar <n> linhas de contexto antes e depois das correspondências"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1049
+msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
+msgstr "mostrar <n> linhas de contexto antes das correspondências"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1051
+msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
+msgstr "mostrar <n> linhas de contexto depois das correspondências"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1053
+msgid "use <n> worker threads"
+msgstr "usar <n> threads de trabalho"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1054
+msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
+msgstr "atalho para -C NUM"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1057
+msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
+msgstr "mostrar uma linha com o nome da função antes das correspondências"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1059
+msgid "show the surrounding function"
+msgstr "mostrar a função circundante"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1062
+msgid "read patterns from file"
+msgstr "ler padrões do ficheiro"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1064
+msgid "match <pattern>"
+msgstr "procurar <padrão>"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1066
+msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
+msgstr "combinar padrões especificados com -e"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1078
+msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
+msgstr "indicar padrão encontrado no valor de saída, mas não imprimir"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1080
+msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
 msgstr ""
+"mostrar apenas correspondências de ficheiro que tenham todos os padrões"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1082
+msgid "show parse tree for grep expression"
+msgstr "mostrar árvore de analise da expressões grep"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1086
+msgid "pager"
+msgstr "paginador"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1086
+msgid "show matching files in the pager"
+msgstr "mostrar ficheiros com correspondências no paginador"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:902
+#: builtin/grep.c:1089
+msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
+msgstr "permitir invocar grep(1) (ignorado nesta compilação)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1153
+msgid "no pattern given."
+msgstr "nenhum padrão fornecido."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1189
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs"
+msgstr "--no-index ou --untracked não podem ser usados em revisões"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1195
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad object %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "unable to resolve revision: %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível resolver revisão: %s"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:943
+#: builtin/grep.c:1228 builtin/index-pack.c:1485
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
+msgstr "número de threads especificado inválido (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1251
 msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "--open-files-in-pager só funciona na árvore de trabalho"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:966
-msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/grep.c:1274
+msgid "option not supported with --recurse-submodules."
+msgstr "opção não suportada com --recurse-submodules."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:971
-msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/grep.c:1280
+msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
+msgstr "--cached ou --untracked não podem ser usados com --no-index."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:974
+#: builtin/grep.c:1286
 msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
 msgstr ""
+"--[no-]exclude-standard não podem ser usados em conteúdos não controlados."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:982
+#: builtin/grep.c:1294
 msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
+msgstr "--cached e árvores foram fornecidos simultaneamente."
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:81
+msgid ""
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"[--] <file>..."
 msgstr ""
+"git hash-object [-t <tipo>] [-w] [--path=<ficheiro> | --no-filters] [--"
+"stdin] [--] <ficheiro>..."
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:82
+msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
+msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:94
+msgid "type"
+msgstr "tipo"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:94
+msgid "object type"
+msgstr "tipo do objeto"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:59
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:95
+msgid "write the object into the object database"
+msgstr "escrever o objeto na base de dados de objetos"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
+msgid "read the object from stdin"
+msgstr "ler o objeto da entrada padrão"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
+msgid "store file as is without filters"
+msgstr "guardar o ficheiro tal como está, sem filtros"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:100
+msgid ""
+"just hash any random garbage to create corrupt objects for debugging Git"
+msgstr ""
+"obter hash de lixo aleatório para criar objetos corrompidos para depurar o "
+"Git"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
+msgid "process file as it were from this path"
+msgstr "processar o ficheiro como se este fosse do caminho indicado"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:42
+msgid "print all available commands"
+msgstr "imprimir todos os comandos disponíveis"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:43
+msgid "exclude guides"
+msgstr "excluir guias"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:44
+msgid "print list of useful guides"
+msgstr "imprimir lista de guias úteis"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:45
+msgid "show man page"
+msgstr "mostrar página do manual"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:46
+msgid "show manual in web browser"
+msgstr "mostrar o manual no navegador web"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:48
+msgid "show info page"
+msgstr "mostrar página info"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:54
+msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<command>]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<comando>]"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:66
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
-msgstr "formato ajuda não reconhecido '%s'"
+msgstr "formato de ajuda não reconhecido '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:87
+#: builtin/help.c:93
 msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Falha ao iniciar emacsclient."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:100
+#: builtin/help.c:106
 msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Falha ao analisar a versão do emacsclient."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:108
+#: builtin/help.c:114
 #, c-format
 msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "a versão do emacsclient '%d' é demasiado antiga (< 22)."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:126
-#: builtin/help.c:154
-#: builtin/help.c:163
-#: builtin/help.c:171
+#: builtin/help.c:132 builtin/help.c:153 builtin/help.c:162 builtin/help.c:170
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "failed to exec '%s'"
+msgstr "falha ao executar '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:211
+#: builtin/help.c:207
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
 "Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead."
 msgstr ""
+"'%s': caminho para visualizador de manual não suportado.\n"
+"Considere usar 'man.<ferramenta>.cmd'."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:223
+#: builtin/help.c:219
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
 "Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."
 msgstr ""
+"'%s': comando de visualizador de manual suportado.\n"
+"Considere usar 'man.<ferramenta>.path'."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:287
-msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/help.c:355
+#: builtin/help.c:336
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "'%s': visualizador de manual desconhecido."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:372
+#: builtin/help.c:353
 msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nenhum visualizador de manual atendeu o pedido"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:380
+#: builtin/help.c:361
 msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
+msgstr "nenhum visualizador de info atendeu o pedido"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:403
+msgid "Defining attributes per path"
+msgstr "Definir atributos por caminho"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:404
+msgid "Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So"
+msgstr "Diário Git com mais ou menos 20 Comandos"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:405
+msgid "A Git glossary"
+msgstr "Um Glossário do Git"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:406
+msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
 msgstr ""
+"Especificar ficheiros não controlados para serem intencionalmente ignorados"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:407
+msgid "Defining submodule properties"
+msgstr "Definir propriedades de submódulos"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:391
+#: builtin/help.c:408
+msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
+msgstr "Especificar revisões e intervalos do Git"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:409
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)"
+msgstr "Uma introdução ao Git (versão 1.5.1 ou mais recente)"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:410
+msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
+msgstr "Uma descrição geral dos fluxos de trabalho recomendados para o Git"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:422
+msgid "The common Git guides are:\n"
+msgstr "Os guias comuns do Git:\n"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:440
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': not a documentation directory."
-msgstr ""
+msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
+msgstr "'git %s' é um alias de '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:432
-#: builtin/help.c:439
+#: builtin/help.c:462 builtin/help.c:479
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s%s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "utilização: %s%s"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:453
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:154
 #, c-format
-msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "unable to open %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível abrir %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:84
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:204
 #, c-format
 msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "incompatibilidade de tipo de objeto em %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:104
-msgid "object of unexpected type"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:224
+#, c-format
+msgid "did not receive expected object %s"
+msgstr "o objeto esperado %s não foi recebido"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s: expected type %s, found %s"
+msgstr "objeto %s: tipo esperado %s, obtido %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:141
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:269
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
 msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgstr[0] "não é possível preencher %d byte"
+msgstr[1] "não é possível preencher %d bytes"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:151
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:279
 msgid "early EOF"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "fim de ficheiro (EOF) prematuro"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:152
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:280
 msgid "read error on input"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "erro de leitura da entrada"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:164
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:292
 msgid "used more bytes than were available"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "foram usados mais bytes dos que estavam disponíveis"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:171
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:299
 msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "pacote demasiado grande para a definição atual de off_t"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:302 builtin/unpack-objects.c:92
+msgid "pack exceeds maximum allowed size"
+msgstr "o pacote excede o tamanho máximo permitido"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:187
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:317
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create '%s'"
-msgstr "não é possivel crear '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível criar '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:192
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:323
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
-msgstr "Não é possivel abrir o ficheiro packfile '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possível abrir o ficheiro de pacote '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:206
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:337
 msgid "pack signature mismatch"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "a assinatura do pacote não corresponde"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:226
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:339
 #, c-format
-msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
+msgstr "versão de pacote %<PRIu32> não suportada"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:300
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
+msgstr "pacote com objeto incorreto no offset %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:479
 #, c-format
 msgid "inflate returned %d"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "a descompactação retornou %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:345
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:528
 msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "delta de objeto base com capacidade excedida no valor de offset"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:353
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:536
 msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "offset da base delta está fora do limite"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:361
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:544
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown object type %d"
-msgstr "ojecto com tipo desconhecido %d"
+msgstr "objeto de tipo desconhecido %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:390
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:575
 msgid "cannot pread pack file"
-msgstr "Não é possivel pread pack file"
+msgstr "não é possível invocar pread sobre o ficheiro de pacote"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:392
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:577
 #, c-format
-msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
-msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] "fim prematuro de ficheiro de pacote, falta %<PRIuMAX> byte"
+msgstr[1] "fim prematuro de ficheiro de pacote, faltam %<PRIuMAX> bytes"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:405
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:603
 msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "inconsistência de descompactação grave"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:476
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:749 builtin/index-pack.c:755 builtin/index-pack.c:778
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:816 builtin/index-pack.c:825
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
-msgstr "não foi possível ler objecto existente %s"
+msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
+msgstr "COLISÃO DE SHA1 COM %s ENCONTRADA!"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:479
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:752 builtin/pack-objects.c:164
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:257
 #, c-format
-msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "unable to read %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:814
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object info %s"
+msgstr "não é possível ler informação de objeto existente %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:488
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
+msgstr "não é possível ler o objeto existente %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:836
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid blob object %s"
-msgstr "inválido objecto blob %s"
+msgstr "objeto blob inválido %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:500
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:850
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %s"
-msgstr "inválido: %s"
+msgstr "inválido %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:502
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:853
 msgid "Error in object"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Erro no objeto"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:504
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:855
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Nem todos os objetos filhos de %s são alcançáveis"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:576
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:602
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:927 builtin/index-pack.c:958
 msgid "failed to apply delta"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "falha ao aplicar delta"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:706
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1128
 msgid "Receiving objects"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "A receber objetos"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:706
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1128
 msgid "Indexing objects"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "A indexar objetos"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:728
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1160
 msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "pacote corrompido (SHA1 não corresponde)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:733
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1165
 msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
-msgstr "Não é possivel fstat packfile"
+msgstr "não é possível invocar fstat sobre o ficheiro de pacote"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:736
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1168
 msgid "pack has junk at the end"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "pacote com lixo no final"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:754
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1179
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
+msgstr "extrema confusão em parse_pack_objects()"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1202
 msgid "Resolving deltas"
-msgstr "Resolvendo deltas"
+msgstr "A resolver deltas"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1213
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível criar thread: %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1255
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
+msgstr "extrema confusão"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1261
+#, c-format
+msgid "completed with %d local object"
+msgid_plural "completed with %d local objects"
+msgstr[0] "concluído com %d objeto local"
+msgstr[1] "concluído com %d objetos locais"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1273
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
+msgstr "Soma de verificação inesperada no final de %s (corrupção no disco?)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1277
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
+msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
+msgstr[0] "pacote com %d delta não resolvido"
+msgstr[1] "pacote com %d deltas não resolvidos"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:787
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1301
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não é possível compactar objeto acrescentado (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:866
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1377
 #, c-format
 msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "objeto local %s corrompido"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:890
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1403
 msgid "error while closing pack file"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "erro ao fechar ficheiro de pacote"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:903
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1415
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
-msgstr "não é possivel escrever o fichero kepp '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possível escrever o ficheiro de conservação '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:911
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1423
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
-msgstr "Não é possivel fechar o fichero escrito '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possível fechar o ficheiro de conservação '%s' escrito"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:924
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1433
 msgid "cannot store pack file"
-msgstr "Não é possivel guardar o fichero pack"
+msgstr "não é possível guardar ficheiro de pacote"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:935
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1441
 msgid "cannot store index file"
-msgstr "Não é possivel guardar fichero index"
+msgstr "não é possível guardar o ficheiro índice"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1479
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
+msgstr "pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32> incorreto"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1024
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1489 builtin/index-pack.c:1686
+#, c-format
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
+msgstr "sem suporte de threads, %s ignorado"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1547
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
-msgstr "Não é possivel abrir o existente ficheiro pack %s"
+msgstr "Não é possível abrir o ficheiro de pacote '%s' existente"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1026
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1549
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
-msgstr "Não é possivel abrir o ficheiro 'pack idx' para '%s'"
+msgstr "Não é possível abrir o ficheiro de índice do pacote existente de '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1073
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1596
 #, c-format
 msgid "non delta: %d object"
 msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgstr[0] "%d objeto não delta"
+msgstr[1] "%d objetos não delta"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1080
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1603
 #, c-format
 msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
 msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgstr[0] "comprimento de cadeia = %d: %lu objeto"
+msgstr[1] "comprimento de cadeia = %d: %lu objetos"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1107
-msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1616
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr "o nome do ficheiro de pacote '%s' não termina em '.pack'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1140
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1143
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1155
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1159
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1698 builtin/index-pack.c:1701
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1717 builtin/index-pack.c:1721
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad %s"
-msgstr "inválido %s"
+msgstr "%s incorreto"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1173
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1737
 msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "--fix-thin não pode ser usado sem --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1177
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1187
-#, c-format
-msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1739
+msgid "--stdin requires a git repository"
+msgstr "--stdin requer um repositório git"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1196
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1747
 msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1220
-msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1239
-#, c-format
-msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
-msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:35
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:62
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template name %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "--verify sem nome do ficheiro de pacote indicado"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#: builtin/init-db.c:54
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não é possível invocar stat sobre '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#: builtin/init-db.c:60
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não é possível invocar stat sobre o modelo '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#: builtin/init-db.c:65
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não é possível abrir (opendir) '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#: builtin/init-db.c:76
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não é possível ler (readlink) '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:99
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#: builtin/init-db.c:78
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não é possível criar a ligação simbólica '%s' '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#: builtin/init-db.c:84
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não é possível copiar '%s' para '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#: builtin/init-db.c:88
 #, c-format
 msgid "ignoring template %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "modelo %s ignorado"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:133
+#: builtin/init-db.c:119
 #, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template path %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "templates not found %s"
+msgstr "modelos não encontrados em %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:141
+#: builtin/init-db.c:134
 #, c-format
-msgid "templates not found %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "not copying templates from '%s': %s"
+msgstr "modelos não copiados de '%s': %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:154
+#: builtin/init-db.c:327
 #, c-format
-msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr "não foi possível processar o tipo de ficheiro %d"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:192
+#: builtin/init-db.c:330
 #, c-format
-msgid "insane git directory %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível mover %s para %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:322
-#: builtin/init-db.c:325
+#: builtin/init-db.c:347 builtin/init-db.c:350
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s already exists"
 msgstr "%s já existe"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:354
+#: builtin/init-db.c:403
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Repositório Git partilhado e existente reinicializado em %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:357
+#: builtin/init-db.c:404
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Repositório Git existem reinicializado em %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:362
+#: builtin/init-db.c:408
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create git link %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Repositório Git vazio e partilhado inicializado em %s%s\n"
 
-#.
-#. * TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
-#. * existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
-#. * "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
-#.
-#: builtin/init-db.c:419
+#: builtin/init-db.c:409
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Repositório Git vazio inicializado em %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:420
-msgid "Reinitialized existing"
+#: builtin/init-db.c:457
+msgid ""
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--"
+"shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"
 msgstr ""
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<diretório-modelo>] [--"
+"shared[=<permissões>]] [<diretório>]"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:420
-msgid "Initialized empty"
-msgstr "Inicializada vazio"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:421
-msgid " shared"
-msgstr " partilhado"
+#: builtin/init-db.c:480
+msgid "permissions"
+msgstr "permissões"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:440
-msgid "cannot tell cwd"
+#: builtin/init-db.c:481
+msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
 msgstr ""
+"especificar que o repositório git será partilhado por vários utilizadores"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:521
-#: builtin/init-db.c:528
+#: builtin/init-db.c:515 builtin/init-db.c:520
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não é possível criar o diretório %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:532
+#: builtin/init-db.c:524
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não é possível mudar para o diretório %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:554
+#: builtin/init-db.c:545
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-dir=<directory>)"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:578
-msgid "Cannot access current working directory"
+msgid ""
+"%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
+"dir=<directory>)"
 msgstr ""
+"%s (ou --work-tree=<diretório>) não é permitido sem especificar %s (ou --git-"
+"dir=<diretório>)"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:585
+#: builtin/init-db.c:573
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
+msgstr "Não é possível aceder à árvore de trabalho '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"<token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [<file>...]"
 msgstr ""
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"<token>[(=|:)<valor>])...] [<ficheiro>...]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:188
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:26
+msgid "edit files in place"
+msgstr "editar ficheiros no local"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:27
+msgid "trim empty trailers"
+msgstr "cortar terminadores vazios"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:28
+msgid "trailer"
+msgstr "terminador"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:29
+msgid "trailer(s) to add"
+msgstr "terminadores a adicionar"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:42
+msgid "no input file given for in-place editing"
+msgstr "nenhum ficheiro de entrada fornecido para edição no local"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:44
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git log [<opções>] [<intervalo-de-revisões>] [[--] <caminho>...]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:45
+msgid "git show [<options>] <object>..."
+msgstr "git show [<opções>] <objeto>..."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:89
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid --decorate option: %s"
+msgstr "opção --decorate inválida: %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:144
+msgid "suppress diff output"
+msgstr "suprimir saída do diff"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:145
+msgid "show source"
+msgstr "mostrar origem"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:146
+msgid "Use mail map file"
+msgstr "usar ficheiro de mapeamento de correio"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:147
+msgid "decorate options"
+msgstr "opções de decoração"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:150
+msgid "Process line range n,m in file, counting from 1"
+msgstr "processar intervalo de linhas n,m, a contar a partir de 1"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:246
 #, c-format
 msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Resultado final: %d %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:493
+#, c-format
+msgid "git show %s: bad file"
+msgstr "git show %s: ficheiro incorreto"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:401
-#: builtin/log.c:489
+#: builtin/log.c:507 builtin/log.c:601
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read object %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não foi possível ler o objeto %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:513
+#: builtin/log.c:625
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown type: %d"
 msgstr "Tipo desconhecido: %d"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:602
+#: builtin/log.c:746
 msgid "format.headers without value"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "format.headers sem valor"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:675
+#: builtin/log.c:846
 msgid "name of output directory is too long"
-msgstr "nome do diretório de saída é demasiado longo"
+msgstr "o nome do diretório de saída é demasiado longo"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:686
+#: builtin/log.c:861
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
-msgstr "Não é possivel abrir o ficheiro patch %s"
+msgstr "Não é possível abrir o ficheiro de patch %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:700
+#: builtin/log.c:875
 msgid "Need exactly one range."
-msgstr "Necessita de exatamente um intervalo."
+msgstr "É necessário exatamente um intervalo."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:708
+#: builtin/log.c:885
 msgid "Not a range."
 msgstr "Não é um intervalo."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:745
-msgid "Could not extract email from committer identity."
-msgstr "Não foi possível extrair a identidade do committer do e-mail."
-
-#: builtin/log.c:791
+#: builtin/log.c:991
 msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
-msgstr "Carta de apresentação necessita um modelo de e-mail"
+msgstr "A carta de apresentação precisa de um formato de e-mail"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:885
+#: builtin/log.c:1071
 #, c-format
 msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "in-reply-to incorreto: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:958
+#: builtin/log.c:1098
+msgid "git format-patch [<options>] [<since> | <revision-range>]"
+msgstr "git format-patch [<opções>] [<desde> | <intervalo-de-revisões>]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1148
 msgid "Two output directories?"
 msgstr "Dois diretórios de saída?"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1179
+#: builtin/log.c:1255 builtin/log.c:1898 builtin/log.c:1900 builtin/log.c:1912
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr "Commit desconhecido %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1265 builtin/notes.c:883 builtin/tag.c:532
 #, c-format
-msgid "bogus committer info %s"
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "Falha ao resolver '%s' numa referência válida."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1270
+msgid "Could not find exact merge base."
+msgstr "Não foi possível encontrar a base exata de integração."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1274
+msgid ""
+"Failed to get upstream, if you want to record base commit automatically,\n"
+"please use git branch --set-upstream-to to track a remote branch.\n"
+"Or you could specify base commit by --base=<base-commit-id> manually."
 msgstr ""
+"Falha ao obter ramo a montante, se quer gravar o commit base "
+"automaticamente,\n"
+"use branch --set-upstream-to para seguir um ramo remoto.\n"
+"Ou pode especificar o commit base com --base=<base-commit-id> manualmente."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1224
-msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
+#: builtin/log.c:1294
+msgid "Failed to find exact merge base"
+msgstr "Falha ao procurar base exata de integração"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1305
+msgid "base commit should be the ancestor of revision list"
+msgstr "o commit base deve ser o antecessor da lista de revisões"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1309
+msgid "base commit shouldn't be in revision list"
+msgstr "o commit base não deve fazer parte da lista de revisões"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1358
+msgid "cannot get patch id"
+msgstr "não é possível obter o id do patch"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1415
+msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
+msgstr "usar [PATCH n/m] mesmo com um único patch"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1418
+msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
+msgstr "usar [PATCH] mesmo com múltiplos patches"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1422
+msgid "print patches to standard out"
+msgstr "imprimir patches para a saída padrão"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1424
+msgid "generate a cover letter"
+msgstr "gerar uma carta de apresentação"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1426
+msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
 msgstr ""
+"usar uma sequência de números simples para denominar os ficheiros gerados"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1427
+msgid "sfx"
+msgstr "sfx"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1428
+msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
+msgstr "usar <sfx> em vez de '.patch'"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1430
+msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
+msgstr "começar a numerar os patches em <n> em vez de 1"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1432
+msgid "mark the series as Nth re-roll"
+msgstr "marcar a série como a n-ésima reiteração"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1226
-msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
+#: builtin/log.c:1434
+msgid "Use [RFC PATCH] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "Usar [RFC PATCH] em vez de [PATCH]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1437
+msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "usar [<prefixo>] em vez de [PATCH]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1440
+msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
+msgstr "guardar os ficheiros resultantes em <dir>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1443
+msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
+msgstr "não tirar/inserir [PATCH]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1446
+msgid "don't output binary diffs"
+msgstr "não gerar diffs binários"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1448
+msgid "output all-zero hash in From header"
+msgstr "preencher o cabeçalho From com hash de zeros"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1450
+msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
+msgstr "não incluir um patch que coincida com um commit a montante"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1452
+msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
 msgstr ""
+"mostrar no formato de patch em vez de no formato por omissão (patch + stat)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1234
-msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
+#: builtin/log.c:1454
+msgid "Messaging"
+msgstr "Mensagem"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1455
+msgid "header"
+msgstr "cabeçalho"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1456
+msgid "add email header"
+msgstr "adicionar cabeçalho de e-mail"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1457 builtin/log.c:1459
+msgid "email"
+msgstr "e-mail"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1457
+msgid "add To: header"
+msgstr "adicionar cabeçalho To:"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1459
+msgid "add Cc: header"
+msgstr "adicionar cabeçalho Cc:"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1461
+msgid "ident"
+msgstr "identidade"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1462
+msgid "set From address to <ident> (or committer ident if absent)"
 msgstr ""
+"definir o endereço From como <identidade> (ou como identidade do committer "
+"se não indicado)"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1464
+msgid "message-id"
+msgstr "id-mensagem"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1465
+msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
+msgstr "usar o primeiro email para responder a <id-mensagem>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1466 builtin/log.c:1469
+msgid "boundary"
+msgstr "limite"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1467
+msgid "attach the patch"
+msgstr "anexar o patch"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1470
+msgid "inline the patch"
+msgstr "incorporar o patch"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1474
+msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
+msgstr "ativar mensagens por tópicos, estilos: shallow (raso), deep (profundo)"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1476
+msgid "signature"
+msgstr "assinatura"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1477
+msgid "add a signature"
+msgstr "adicionar uma assinatura"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1478
+msgid "base-commit"
+msgstr "commit-base"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1479
+msgid "add prerequisite tree info to the patch series"
+msgstr "adicionar informação pré-requisito da árvore à série de patches"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1481
+msgid "add a signature from a file"
+msgstr "adicionar uma assinatura de um ficheiro"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1482
+msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
+msgstr "não imprimir os nomes dos ficheiros de patch"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1236
+#: builtin/log.c:1572
+msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "-n e -k são mutuamente exclusivos."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1574
+msgid "--subject-prefix/--rfc and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "--subject-prefix/--rfc e -k são mutuamente exclusivos."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1582
+msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
+msgstr "--name-only não faz sentido"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1584
 msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "--name-status não faz sentido"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1238
+#: builtin/log.c:1586
 msgid "--check does not make sense"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "--check não faz sentido"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1261
+#: builtin/log.c:1616
 msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
 msgstr "saída padrão, ou diretório, qual deles?"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1263
+#: builtin/log.c:1618
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não foi possível criar o diretório '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1712
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read signature file '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possível ler o ficheiro de assinatura '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1416
+#: builtin/log.c:1784
 msgid "Failed to create output files"
-msgstr "Falhou ao criar ficheiros de saída"
+msgstr "Falha ao criar os ficheiros de saída"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1833
+msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
+msgstr "git cherry [-v] [<ramo-a-montante> [<head> [<limite>]]]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1520
+#: builtin/log.c:1887
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
+msgid ""
+"Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"O ramo remoto seguido não foi encontrado, especifique <ramo-a-montante> "
+"manualmente.\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1536
-#: builtin/log.c:1538
-#: builtin/log.c:1550
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unknown commit %s"
-msgstr "Commit desconhecido %s"
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:461
+msgid "git ls-files [<options>] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-files [<opções>] [<ficheiro>...]"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:90
-msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:510
+msgid "identify the file status with tags"
+msgstr "identificar o estado do ficheiro com tags"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:512
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
+msgstr ""
+"usar letras minúsculas para ficheiros 'assumido não alterado' ('assume "
+"unchanged')"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:514
+msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
+msgstr "mostrar ficheiros em cache na saída (predefinição)"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:516
+msgid "show deleted files in the output"
+msgstr "mostrar ficheiros eliminados na saída"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:518
+msgid "show modified files in the output"
+msgstr "mostrar ficheiros modificados na saída"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:520
+msgid "show other files in the output"
+msgstr "mostrar outros ficheiros na saída"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:522
+msgid "show ignored files in the output"
+msgstr "mostrar ficheiros ignorados na saída"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:525
+msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
+msgstr "mostrar nome de objetos com conteúdo preparado, na saída"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:527
+msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
 msgstr ""
+"mostrar ficheiros no sistema de ficheiros que precisam de ser removidos"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:529
+msgid "show 'other' directories' names only"
+msgstr "mostrar nomes de diretórios 'other' (outro)"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:531
+msgid "show line endings of files"
+msgstr "mostrar finais de linha dos ficheiros"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:533
+msgid "don't show empty directories"
+msgstr "não mostrar diretórios vazios"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:536
+msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
+msgstr "mostrar ficheiros não integrados na saída"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:538
+msgid "show resolve-undo information"
+msgstr "mostrar informação de resolver-desfazer"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:540
+msgid "skip files matching pattern"
+msgstr "ignorar ficheiros que correspondam ao padrão"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:543
+msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
+msgstr "ler padrões de exclusão do <ficheiro>"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:546
+msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
+msgstr "ler padrões de exclusão por diretório do <ficheiro>"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:548
+msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
+msgstr "incluir as exclusões standard do git"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:551
+msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
+msgstr "mostrar os caminhos relativamente ao diretório superior do projeto"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:554
+msgid "recurse through submodules"
+msgstr "percorrer submódulos recursivamente"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:556
+msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
+msgstr "se um <ficheiro> não estiver no índice, tratar como erro"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:557
+msgid "tree-ish"
+msgstr "árvore-etc"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:558
+msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
+msgstr ""
+"fingir que os caminhos removidos desde <árvore-etc> ainda estão presentes"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:560
+msgid "show debugging data"
+msgstr "mostrar dados de depuração"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:7
+msgid ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<repository> [<refs>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<repositório> [<referências>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:52
+msgid "do not print remote URL"
+msgstr "não imprimir URL remoto"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:53 builtin/ls-remote.c:55
+msgid "exec"
+msgstr "exec"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:54 builtin/ls-remote.c:56
+msgid "path of git-upload-pack on the remote host"
+msgstr "caminho para git-upload-pack no servidor remoto"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:58
+msgid "limit to tags"
+msgstr "restringir-se a tags"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:59
+msgid "limit to heads"
+msgstr "restringir-se a cabeças"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:60
+msgid "do not show peeled tags"
+msgstr "não mostrar tags descascadas"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:62
+msgid "take url.<base>.insteadOf into account"
+msgstr "ter url.<base>.insteadOf em conta"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:64
+msgid "exit with exit code 2 if no matching refs are found"
+msgstr "terminar com código de saída 2 se não forem encontradas referências"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:66
+msgid "show underlying ref in addition to the object pointed by it"
+msgstr "mostrar a referência subjacente em adição ao objeto por ela apontado"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:28
+msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-tree [<opções>] <árvore-etc> [<caminho>...]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:126
+msgid "only show trees"
+msgstr "mostrar apenas árvores"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:127
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:128
+msgid "recurse into subtrees"
+msgstr "percorrer as subárvores recursivamente"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:130
+msgid "show trees when recursing"
+msgstr "mostrar árvores ao percorrer"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:133
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL byte"
+msgstr "terminar entradas com o byte NUL"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:134
+msgid "include object size"
+msgstr "incluir dimensão dos objetos"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:136 builtin/ls-tree.c:138
+msgid "list only filenames"
+msgstr "listar apenas os nomes de ficheiro"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:141
+msgid "use full path names"
+msgstr "usar nomes de caminho completos"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:143
+msgid "list entire tree; not just current directory (implies --full-name)"
+msgstr ""
+"mostrar a árvore completa; não apenas o diretório atual (implica --full-name)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:46
+msgid "git merge [<options>] [<commit>...]"
+msgstr "git merge [<opções>] [<commit>...]"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:47
+msgid "git merge --abort"
+msgstr "git merge --abort"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:48
+msgid "git merge --continue"
+msgstr "git merge --continue"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:103
+msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
+msgstr "a opção 'm' requer um valor"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:140
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Estratégia de integração '%s' não encontrada.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:128
+#: builtin/merge.c:141
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available strategies are:"
-msgstr "As estratégias disponíveis são:"
+msgstr "Estratégias disponíveis:"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:133
+#: builtin/merge.c:146
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
-msgstr "Estratégias personalizadas disponíveis são:"
+msgstr "Estratégias personalizadas disponíveis:"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:240
-msgid "could not run stash."
+#: builtin/merge.c:196 builtin/pull.c:127
+msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr "não apresentar um diffstat ao fim da integração"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:199 builtin/pull.c:130
+msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr "mostrar um diffstat ao fim da integração"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:200 builtin/pull.c:133
+msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
+msgstr "(sinónimo de --stat)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:202 builtin/pull.c:136
+msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
 msgstr ""
+"adicionar (no máximo <n>) entradas do shortlog à mensagem de commit da "
+"integração"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:245
+#: builtin/merge.c:205 builtin/pull.c:139
+msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
+msgstr "criar um único commit em vez de realizar uma integração"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:207 builtin/pull.c:142
+msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
+msgstr "realizar um commit se a integração for bem sucedida (predefinição)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:209 builtin/pull.c:145
+msgid "edit message before committing"
+msgstr "editar a mensagem antes de submeter"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:210
+msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
+msgstr "permitir avanço rápido (predefinição)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:212 builtin/pull.c:151
+msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
+msgstr "abortar se não é possível efetuar avanço rápido"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:216 builtin/pull.c:154
+msgid "verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+msgstr "verificar se o commit tem uma assinatura GPG válida"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:217 builtin/notes.c:773 builtin/pull.c:158
+#: builtin/revert.c:108
+msgid "strategy"
+msgstr "estratégia"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:218 builtin/pull.c:159
+msgid "merge strategy to use"
+msgstr "estratégia de integração a usar"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:219 builtin/pull.c:162
+msgid "option=value"
+msgstr "opção=valor"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:220 builtin/pull.c:163
+msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
+msgstr "opções da estratégia de integração selecionada"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:222
+msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
+msgstr "mensagem de commit (de integração não suscetível a avanço rápido)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:226
+msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "abortar integração em curso"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:228
+msgid "continue the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "continuar a integração em curso"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:230 builtin/pull.c:170
+msgid "allow merging unrelated histories"
+msgstr "permitir integração de históricos não relacionados"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:258
+msgid "could not run stash."
+msgstr "não foi possível executar o comando stash."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:263
 msgid "stash failed"
-msgstr "falhou o stash"
+msgstr "falha ao executar o comando stash"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:250
+#: builtin/merge.c:268
 #, c-format
 msgid "not a valid object: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nome de objeto inválido: %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:269
-#: builtin/merge.c:286
+#: builtin/merge.c:287 builtin/merge.c:304
 msgid "read-tree failed"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "falha ao executar o comando read-tree"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:316
+#: builtin/merge.c:334
 msgid " (nothing to squash)"
-msgstr " (nada para squash)"
+msgstr " (não há nada para esmagar)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:329
+#: builtin/merge.c:345
 #, c-format
 msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:361
-msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "Escrevendo SQUASH_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:363
-msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "Terminando SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "Commit esmagado -- HEAD não atualizada\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:386
+#: builtin/merge.c:395
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Nenhuma mensagem de integração -- HEAD não atualizada\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:437
+#: builtin/merge.c:446
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "'%s' não aponta para um commit"
 
 #: builtin/merge.c:536
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:629
-msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Valor de branch.%s.mergeoptions incorreto: %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:679
-msgid "failed to read the cache"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:697
-msgid "Unable to write index."
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:710
+#: builtin/merge.c:656
 msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não se processa outra coisa senão incorporação de duas cabeças."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:724
+#: builtin/merge.c:670
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Opção desconhecida de merge-recursive: -X%s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:738
+#: builtin/merge.c:685
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível escrever %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:877
+#: builtin/merge.c:737
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não foi possível ler '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:886
+#: builtin/merge.c:746
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
-msgstr "Não commitando um merge; usa 'git commit' para completar o merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Commit de integração não realizado; use 'git commit' para concluir a "
+"integração.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:892
+#: builtin/merge.c:752
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
 "especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
 "\n"
-"Lines starting with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
 "the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"Introduza uma mensagem de commit, explicando por que esta integração é "
+"necessário,\n"
+"sobretudo se incorpora um ramo a montante atualizado, num ramo tópico.\n"
+"\n"
+"Linhas começadas com '%c' são ignoradas e uma mensagem vazia\n"
+"aborta o commit.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:916
+#: builtin/merge.c:776
 msgid "Empty commit message."
 msgstr "Mensagem de commit vazia."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:928
+#: builtin/merge.c:796
 #, c-format
 msgid "Wonderful.\n"
-msgstr "Fastastico.\n"
+msgstr "Maravilhoso.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:993
+#: builtin/merge.c:851
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"Falha ao realizar integração automática; corrija os conflitos e submeta o "
+"resultado.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1009
-#, c-format
-msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
-msgstr "'%s' não é um commit"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1050
+#: builtin/merge.c:890
 msgid "No current branch."
-msgstr "Nenhuma rama actual"
+msgstr "Nenhum ramo atual."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1052
+#: builtin/merge.c:892
 msgid "No remote for the current branch."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não há um remoto para o ramo atual."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1054
+#: builtin/merge.c:894
 msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não está definido nenhum ramo a montante para o ramo atual."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1059
+#: builtin/merge.c:899
 #, c-format
-msgid "No remote tracking branch for %s from %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "No remote-tracking branch for %s from %s"
+msgstr "Nenhum ramo de monitorização remoto seguido por %s de %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1146
-#: builtin/merge.c:1303
+#: builtin/merge.c:946
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Bad value '%s' in environment '%s'"
+msgstr "Valor '%s' incorreto no ambiente '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1020
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not close '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível fechar '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1047
+#, c-format
+msgid "not something we can merge in %s: %s"
+msgstr "não se pode integrar em %s: %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1214
+#: builtin/merge.c:1081
+msgid "not something we can merge"
+msgstr "não se pode integrar"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1146
+msgid "--abort expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--abort não leva argumentos"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1150
 msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não há nenhuma integração para se abortar (MERGE_HEAD não presente)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1162
+msgid "--continue expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--continue não leva argumentos"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1230
-#: git-pull.sh:31
+#: builtin/merge.c:1166
+msgid "There is no merge in progress (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "Não há nenhuma integração em curso (MERGE_HEAD não presente)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1182
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
-"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1233
-#: git-pull.sh:34
-msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+"Please, commit your changes before you merge."
 msgstr ""
+"Não concluiu a integração (MERGE_HEAD presente).\n"
+"Submeta as suas alterações antes de integrar."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1237
+#: builtin/merge.c:1189
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
-"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+"Please, commit your changes before you merge."
 msgstr ""
+"Cherry-pick não concluído (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD presente).\n"
+"Submeta as suas alterações antes de integrar."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1240
+#: builtin/merge.c:1192
 msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Cherry-pick não concluído (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD presente)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1249
+#: builtin/merge.c:1201
 msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1254
-msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não é possível combinar --squash e --no-ff."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1261
+#: builtin/merge.c:1209
 msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
+msgstr "Nenhum commit especificado e merge.defaultToUpstream não definido."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1226
+msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
+msgstr "Esmagar um commit numa cabeça vazia ainda não é suportado"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1228
+msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
 msgstr ""
+"Não faz sentido submeter de modo não suscetível a avanço rápido, numa cabeça "
+"vazia"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1293
+#: builtin/merge.c:1233
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
+msgstr "%s - não é algo se possa integrar"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1235
 msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Só se pode integrar exatamente um commit numa cabeça vazia"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1296
-msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
+#: builtin/merge.c:1269
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, allegedly by %s."
 msgstr ""
+"A assinatura GPG do commit %s, alegadamente assinada por %s, não é de "
+"confiança."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1298
-msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
+#: builtin/merge.c:1272
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a bad GPG signature allegedly by %s."
 msgstr ""
+"A assinatura GPG do commit %s, alegadamente assinada por %s, está incorreta."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1413
+#: builtin/merge.c:1275
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."
+msgstr "O commit %s não tem uma assinatura GPG."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1278
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"
+msgstr "A assinatura GPG do commit %s por %s está correta\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1340
+msgid "refusing to merge unrelated histories"
+msgstr "integração de históricos não relacionados recusada"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1349
+msgid "Already up-to-date."
+msgstr "Já está atualizado."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1359
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
-msgstr "Actualizando %s..%s\n"
+msgstr "A atualizar %s..%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1451
+#: builtin/merge.c:1400
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "A tentar integração mesmo trivial no interior do índice...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1458
+#: builtin/merge.c:1407
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nope.\n"
 msgstr "Não.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1490
+#: builtin/merge.c:1432
+msgid "Already up-to-date. Yeeah!"
+msgstr "Já está atualizado. Sim!"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1438
 msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não é possível avançar rapidamente, a abortar."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1513
-#: builtin/merge.c:1592
+#: builtin/merge.c:1461 builtin/merge.c:1540
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "A recuar a árvore ao seu estado original...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1517
+#: builtin/merge.c:1465
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "A tentar a estratégia de integração %s...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1583
+#: builtin/merge.c:1531
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Nenhuma estratégia de integração conseguiu processar a integração.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1585
+#: builtin/merge.c:1533
 #, c-format
 msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
-msgstr "Fundir com a estratégia %s falhou.\n"
+msgstr "Falha ao integrar com a estratégia %s.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1594
+#: builtin/merge.c:1542
 #, c-format
 msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "A usar %s para preparar resolução manual.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1606
+#: builtin/merge.c:1554
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
 msgstr ""
+"A integração automática foi bem sucedida; interrompida antes de submeter "
+"como solicitado\n"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:108
-#, c-format
-msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:29
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] <commit> <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] <commit> <commit>..."
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:112
-msgid "bad source"
-msgstr "fonte inválida"
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:30
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <commit>..."
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:115
-msgid "can not move directory into itself"
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:31
+msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
+msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
+msgstr "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
+msgid "git merge-base --fork-point <ref> [<commit>]"
+msgstr "git merge-base --fork-point <referência> [<commit>]"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:217
+msgid "output all common ancestors"
+msgstr "mostrar todos os antecessores"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:219
+msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
+msgstr "encontrar antecessores de uma única integração com n pontos"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:221
+msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
+msgstr "listar revisões não alcançáveis a partir de outras"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:223
+msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
+msgstr "o primeiro é antecessor do segundo?"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:225
+msgid "find where <commit> forked from reflog of <ref>"
 msgstr ""
+"descobrir onde foi que o <commit> divergiu usando o reflog da <referência>"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:118
-msgid "cannot move directory over file"
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:8
+msgid ""
+"git merge-file [<options>] [-L <name1> [-L <orig> [-L <name2>]]] <file1> "
+"<orig-file> <file2>"
 msgstr ""
+"git merge-file [<opções>] [-L <nome1> [-L <orig> [-L <nome2>]]] <ficheiro1> "
+"<ficheiro-orig> <ficheiro2>"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:32
+msgid "send results to standard output"
+msgstr "enviar resultados para a saída padrão"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:33
+msgid "use a diff3 based merge"
+msgstr "usar integração baseada em diff3"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:34
+msgid "for conflicts, use our version"
+msgstr "usar a nossa versão em caso de conflito"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:36
+msgid "for conflicts, use their version"
+msgstr "usar a versão deles em caso de conflito"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:38
+msgid "for conflicts, use a union version"
+msgstr "usar a união das versões em caso de conflito"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:41
+msgid "for conflicts, use this marker size"
+msgstr "usar este comprimento de marcador para os conflitos"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:42
+msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
+msgstr "não alertar sobre conflitos"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:44
+msgid "set labels for file1/orig-file/file2"
+msgstr "definir identificares para ficheiro1/ficheiro-orig/ficheiro2"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:45
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option %s"
+msgstr "opção desconhecido %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:51
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível analisar o objeto '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:55
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d base. Ignoring %s."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d bases. Ignoring %s."
+msgstr[0] "não é possível processar mais do que %d base. Ignorar %s."
+msgstr[1] "não é possível processar mais do que %d bases. Ignorar %s."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:63
+msgid "not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "não se pode processar outra coisa senão integração de duas cabeças."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:69 builtin/merge-recursive.c:71
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve ref '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível resolver a referência %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merging %s with %s\n"
+msgstr "A integrar %s com %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:65
+msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
+msgstr "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:152
+msgid "input is NUL terminated"
+msgstr "a entrada termina com NUL"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:153 builtin/write-tree.c:24
+msgid "allow missing objects"
+msgstr "permitir objetos não presentes"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:154
+msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
+msgstr "permitir a criação de mais do que uma árvore"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:128
+#: builtin/mv.c:16
+msgid "git mv [<options>] <source>... <destination>"
+msgstr "git mv [<opções>] <origem>... <destino>"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:82
 #, c-format
-msgid "Huh? %.*s is in index?"
+msgid "Directory %s is in index and no submodule?"
+msgstr "O diretório %s está no índice porém nenhum submódulo?"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:84 builtin/rm.c:290
+msgid "Please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
 msgstr ""
+"Prepare as suas alterações em .gitmodules ou esconda-as para prosseguir"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid "%.*s is in index"
+msgstr "%.*s está no índice"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:124
+msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
+msgstr "forçar mover/mudar o nome mesmo que o destino exista"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:125
+msgid "skip move/rename errors"
+msgstr "ignorar erros ao mover/mudar o nome"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:167
+#, c-format
+msgid "destination '%s' is not a directory"
+msgstr "o destino '%s' não é um diretório"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:178
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
+msgstr "A verificar a mudança de nome de '%s' para '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:182
+msgid "bad source"
+msgstr "origem incorreta"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:185
+msgid "can not move directory into itself"
+msgstr "não é possível mover um diretório para dentro de si próprio"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:188
+msgid "cannot move directory over file"
+msgstr "não é possível mover um diretório para um ficheiro"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:140
+#: builtin/mv.c:197
 msgid "source directory is empty"
-msgstr "o directorio fonte está vazio"
+msgstr "o diretório de origem está vazio"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:171
+#: builtin/mv.c:222
 msgid "not under version control"
 msgstr "não está no controlo de versões"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:173
+#: builtin/mv.c:225
 msgid "destination exists"
-msgstr "existe destino"
+msgstr "o destino já existe"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#: builtin/mv.c:233
 #, c-format
 msgid "overwriting '%s'"
-msgstr "subscrevendo '%s'"
+msgstr "a substituir '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:184
+#: builtin/mv.c:236
 msgid "Cannot overwrite"
-msgstr "Não consegue subscrever"
+msgstr "Não é possível substituir"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:187
+#: builtin/mv.c:239
 msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
-msgstr "múltiplas fontes para o mesmo alvo"
+msgstr "múltiplas origens para o mesmo destino"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:202
+#: builtin/mv.c:241
+msgid "destination directory does not exist"
+msgstr "o diretório de destino não existe"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:248
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s, origem=%s, destino=%s"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:212
+#: builtin/mv.c:269
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
-msgstr "Mudar de nome %s para %s\n"
+msgstr "A mudar de nome de %s para %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:215
-#: builtin/remote.c:731
+#: builtin/mv.c:275 builtin/remote.c:710 builtin/repack.c:384
 #, c-format
 msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
-msgstr "mudar de nome '%s' falhou"
+msgstr "falha ao mudar o nome de '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:139
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:289
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git name-rev [<opções>] <commit>..."
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:290
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --all"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<opções>] --all"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:291
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --stdin"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<opções>] --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:346
+msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
+msgstr "imprimir apenas nomes (sem SHA-1)"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:347
+msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
+msgstr "usar apenas tags para designar commits"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:349
+msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "usar apenas referência que correspondam ao <padrão>"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:351
+msgid "ignore refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "ignorar referências que correspondam ao <padrão>"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:353
+msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
+msgstr "listar todos os commits alcançáveis a partir de todas as referências"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:354
+msgid "read from stdin"
+msgstr "ler da entrada padrão"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:145
-msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:355
+msgid "allow to print `undefined` names (default)"
+msgstr "permitir imprimir nomes 'indefinidos' (predefinição)"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:361
+msgid "dereference tags in the input (internal use)"
+msgstr "desreferenciar tags na entrada (uso interno)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:25
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] [list [<objeto>]]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:26
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
+"| (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F "
+"<ficheiro> | (-c | -C) <objeto>] [<objeto>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:155
-#, c-format
-msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
+#: builtin/notes.c:27
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] copy [-f] <de-objeto> <para-objeto>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:28
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
+"(-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F "
+"<ficheiro> | (-c | -C) <objeto>] [<objeto>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:158
-#, c-format
-msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
+#: builtin/notes.c:29
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:30
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] show [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] show [<objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:31
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy>] <notes-ref>"
 msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <estratégia>] <notes-ref>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:32
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:33
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:34
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] remove [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] remove [<objeto>...]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:35
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:36
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] get-ref"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] get-ref"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:41
+msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr "git notes [list [<objeto>]]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:175
-#: builtin/tag.c:347
+#: builtin/notes.c:46
+msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes add [<opções>] [<objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:51
+msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr "git notes copy [<opções>] <de-objeto> <para-objeto>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:52
+msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
+msgstr "git notes copy --stdin [<de-objeto> <para-objeto>]..."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:57
+msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes append [<opções>] [<objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:62
+msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes edit [<objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:67
+msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes show [<objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:72
+msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes-ref>"
+msgstr "git notes merge [<opções>] <notes-ref>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:73
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --commit [<opções>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:74
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --abort [<opções>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:79
+msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes remove [<objeto>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:84
+msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes prune [<opções>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:89
+msgid "git notes get-ref"
+msgstr "git notes get-ref"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:94
+msgid "Write/edit the notes for the following object:"
+msgstr "Escreva/edite as notas do seguinte objeto:"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:147
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create file '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível iniciar o comando 'show' sobre o objeto '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:189
-msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/notes.c:151
+msgid "could not read 'show' output"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler a saída do comando 'show'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:210
-#: builtin/notes.c:973
+#: builtin/notes.c:159
 #, c-format
-msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "falha ao concluir o comando 'show' sobre o objeto '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:194
+msgid "please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+msgstr "forneça o conteúdo da nota usando a opção -m ou -F"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:215
+#: builtin/notes.c:203
 msgid "unable to write note object"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não é possível escrever o objeto de nota"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:217
+#: builtin/notes.c:205
 #, c-format
-msgid "The note contents has been left in %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "the note contents have been left in %s"
+msgstr "o conteúdo da nota foi colocado em %s"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:251
-#: builtin/tag.c:542
+#: builtin/notes.c:233 builtin/tag.c:516
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read '%s'"
-msgstr "não consegue ler '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possível ler '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:253
-#: builtin/tag.c:545
+#: builtin/notes.c:235 builtin/tag.c:519
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível abrir ou ler '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:272
-#: builtin/notes.c:445
-#: builtin/notes.c:447
-#: builtin/notes.c:507
-#: builtin/notes.c:561
-#: builtin/notes.c:644
-#: builtin/notes.c:649
-#: builtin/notes.c:724
-#: builtin/notes.c:766
-#: builtin/notes.c:968
-#: builtin/reset.c:293
-#: builtin/tag.c:558
+#: builtin/notes.c:254 builtin/notes.c:305 builtin/notes.c:307
+#: builtin/notes.c:372 builtin/notes.c:427 builtin/notes.c:513
+#: builtin/notes.c:518 builtin/notes.c:596 builtin/notes.c:658
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
-msgstr ""
+msgid "failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "falha ao resolver '%s' como uma referência válida."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:275
+#: builtin/notes.c:257
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
-msgstr ""
+msgid "failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr "falha ao ler o objeto '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:299
-msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/notes.c:261
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
+msgstr "não é possível ler os dados da nota de um objeto não-blob '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:340
+#: builtin/notes.c:301
 #, c-format
-msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "linha de entrada malformada: '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:350
+#: builtin/notes.c:316
 #, c-format
-msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgid "failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "falha ao copiar notas de '%s' para '%s'"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the first %s will be replaced by a
+#. git notes command: 'add', 'merge', 'remove', etc.
+#: builtin/notes.c:345
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to %s notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "foi recusado efetuar %s de notas em %s (fora de refs/notes/)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:365 builtin/notes.c:420 builtin/notes.c:496
+#: builtin/notes.c:508 builtin/notes.c:584 builtin/notes.c:651
+#: builtin/notes.c:801 builtin/notes.c:948 builtin/notes.c:969
+msgid "too many parameters"
+msgstr "demasiados parâmetros"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:378 builtin/notes.c:664
+#, c-format
+msgid "no note found for object %s."
+msgstr "nenhuma nota encontrada para o objeto %s."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:399 builtin/notes.c:562
+msgid "note contents as a string"
+msgstr "conteúdo da nota sob a forma de cadeia de caracteres"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:402 builtin/notes.c:565
+msgid "note contents in a file"
+msgstr "conteúdo da nota de um ficheiro"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:568
+msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
+msgstr "reutilizar e editar o objeto de nota especificado"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:408 builtin/notes.c:571
+msgid "reuse specified note object"
+msgstr "reutilizar o objeto de nota especificado"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:411 builtin/notes.c:574
+msgid "allow storing empty note"
+msgstr "permitir guardar uma nota vazia"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:412 builtin/notes.c:483
+msgid "replace existing notes"
+msgstr "substituir notas existentes"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:437
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
 msgstr ""
+"Não é possível adicionar notas. Notas do objeto %s encontradas. Use '-f' "
+"para substituí-las."
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
-#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
-#: builtin/notes.c:377
+#: builtin/notes.c:452 builtin/notes.c:531
 #, c-format
-msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
-msgstr "Inválido %s valor: '%s'"
+msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
+msgstr "A substituir as notas existentes do objeto %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:441
+#: builtin/notes.c:463 builtin/notes.c:623 builtin/notes.c:888
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
+msgstr "A remover a nota do objeto %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:484
+msgid "read objects from stdin"
+msgstr "ler objetos da entrada padrão"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:486
+msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
+msgstr "carregar configuração de reescrita do <comando> (implica --stdin)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:504
+msgid "too few parameters"
+msgstr "parâmetros insuficientes"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:525
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
 msgstr ""
+"Não é possível copiar notas. Notas do objeto %s encontradas. Use '-f' para "
+"substituí-las."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:456
+#: builtin/notes.c:537
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgid "missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr "faltam notas no objeto de origem %s. Não é possível copiar."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:589
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
+"Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"As opções -m/-F/-c/-C são obsoletas no subcomando 'edit'.\n"
+"Use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' em seu lugar.\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:684
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "falha ao eliminar a referência NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:686
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "falha ao eliminar a referência NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:688
+msgid "failed to remove 'git notes merge' worktree"
+msgstr "falha ao remover a árvore de trabalho de 'git notes merge'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:708
+msgid "failed to read ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "falha ao ler referência NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:710
+msgid "could not find commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "não foi possível encontrar o commit de NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:500
-#: builtin/notes.c:554
-#: builtin/notes.c:627
-#: builtin/notes.c:639
 #: builtin/notes.c:712
-#: builtin/notes.c:759
-#: builtin/notes.c:1033
-msgid "too many parameters"
-msgstr "demasiado parametros"
+msgid "could not parse commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "não foi possível analisar o commit de NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:725
+msgid "failed to resolve NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "falha ao resolver NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:728
+msgid "failed to finalize notes merge"
+msgstr "falha ao finalizar integração de notas"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:754
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown notes merge strategy %s"
+msgstr "estratégia de integração de notas %s desconhecida"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:770
+msgid "General options"
+msgstr "Opções gerais"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:513
 #: builtin/notes.c:772
+msgid "Merge options"
+msgstr "Opções de integração"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:774
+msgid ""
+"resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
+"cat_sort_uniq)"
+msgstr ""
+"resolver conflitos nas notas usando a estratégia indicada (manual/ours/"
+"theirs/union/cat_sort_uniq)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:776
+msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr "A submeter notas não integradas"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:778
+msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr "concluir integração de notas, submetendo notas não integradas"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:780
+msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
+msgstr "A abortar resolução de integração das notas"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:782
+msgid "abort notes merge"
+msgstr "abortar integração das notas"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:793
+msgid "cannot mix --commit, --abort or -s/--strategy"
+msgstr "não é possível misturar --commit, --abort ou -s/--strategy"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:798
+msgid "must specify a notes ref to merge"
+msgstr "tem de especificar uma referência de notas para integrar"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown -s/--strategy: %s"
+msgstr "-s/--strategy desconhecida: %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:859
 #, c-format
-msgid "No note found for object %s."
-msgstr "Nenhuma nota encontrada para o objecto %s."
+msgid "a notes merge into %s is already in-progress at %s"
+msgstr "uma integração das notas em %s já está em curso em %s"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:580
+#: builtin/notes.c:862
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite existing notes"
+msgid "failed to store link to current notes ref (%s)"
+msgstr "falha ao guardar ligação à referência de notas atual (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:864
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Automatic notes merge failed. Fix conflicts in %s and commit the result with "
+"'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with 'git notes merge --"
+"abort'.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"A integração automática de notas falhou. Corrija os conflitos em %s e "
+"submeta o resultado com 'git notes merge --commit' ou aborte a integração "
+"com 'git notes merge --abort'.\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:585
-#: builtin/notes.c:662
+#: builtin/notes.c:886
 #, c-format
-msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
+msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
+msgstr "O objeto %s não tem nenhuma nota\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:898
+msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
+msgstr "não considerar como erro a remoção de uma nota não existente"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:901
+msgid "read object names from the standard input"
+msgstr "ler nome dos objetos da entrada padrão"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:939 builtin/prune.c:105 builtin/worktree.c:127
+msgid "do not remove, show only"
+msgstr "não remover, mostrar apenas"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:940
+msgid "report pruned notes"
+msgstr "reportar notas podadas"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:982
+msgid "notes-ref"
+msgstr "notes-ref"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:983
+msgid "use notes from <notes-ref>"
+msgstr "usar notas de <notes-ref>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1018
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "subcomando desconhecido: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:29
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<options>...] [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
 msgstr ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<opções>...] [< <lista-referências> | < <lista-"
+"objetos>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:635
-msgid "too few parameters"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:30
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects [<options>...] <base-name> [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
 msgstr ""
+"git pack-objects [<opções>...] <nome-base> [< <lista-referências> | < <lista-"
+"objetos>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:656
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:177 builtin/pack-objects.c:180
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite existing notes"
+msgid "deflate error (%d)"
+msgstr "erro ao compactar (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:770
+msgid "disabling bitmap writing, packs are split due to pack.packSizeLimit"
+msgstr ""
+"a desativar escrita de mapa de bits, os pacotes são divididos devido a pack."
+"packSizeLimit"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:783
+msgid "Writing objects"
+msgstr "A escrever objetos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1063
+msgid "disabling bitmap writing, as some objects are not being packed"
 msgstr ""
+"a desativar escrita de mapa de bits, visto que alguns objetos não estão a "
+"ser compactados"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2426
+msgid "Compressing objects"
+msgstr "A comprimir objetos"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:668
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2829
 #, c-format
-msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgid "unsupported index version %s"
+msgstr "versão de índice %s não suportada"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2833
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad index version '%s'"
+msgstr "versão de índice '%s' incorreta"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2863
+msgid "do not show progress meter"
+msgstr "não mostrar medidor de progresso"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2865
+msgid "show progress meter"
+msgstr "mostrar medidor de progresso"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2867
+msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
+msgstr "mostrar medidor de progresso durante a fase de escrita de objetos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2870
+msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
+msgstr "semelhante a --all-progress quando o medidor de progresso é mostrado"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2871
+msgid "version[,offset]"
+msgstr "versão[,offset]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2872
+msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
 msgstr ""
+"escrever o ficheiro de índice do pacote na versão de formato especificada"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2875
+msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
+msgstr "tamanho máximo de cada ficheiro de pacote gerado"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:717
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2877
+msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
+msgstr "ignorar objetos emprestados do arquivo de objetos sobressalentes"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2879
+msgid "ignore packed objects"
+msgstr "ignorar objetos compactados"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2881
+msgid "limit pack window by objects"
+msgstr "limitar a janela de compactação por objetos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2883
+msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
+msgstr ""
+"limitar a janela de compactação por memória em adição ao limite por objetos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2885
+msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
+msgstr "tamanho máximo de cadeias delta permitidas no pacote resultante"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2887
+msgid "reuse existing deltas"
+msgstr "reutilizar deltas existentes"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2889
+msgid "reuse existing objects"
+msgstr "reutilizar objetos existentes"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2891
+msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
+msgstr "usar objetos OFS_DELTA"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2893
+msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
+msgstr "usar threads ao procurar pela melhor correspondência delta"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2895
+msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
+msgstr "não criar um pacote vazio"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2897
+msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
+msgstr "ler argumentos de revisão da entrada padrão"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2899
+msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
+msgstr "restringir-se aos objetos que ainda não foram compactados"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2902
+msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
+msgstr "incluir objetos alcançáveis a partir de qualquer referência"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2905
+msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
+msgstr "incluir objetos referenciados por entradas do reflog"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2908
+msgid "include objects referred to by the index"
+msgstr "incluir objetos referenciados pelo índice"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2911
+msgid "output pack to stdout"
+msgstr "gerar pacote para a saída padrão"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2913
+msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
+msgstr "incluir objetos tag que refiram objetos a compactar"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2915
+msgid "keep unreachable objects"
+msgstr "manter objetos inalcançáveis"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2917
+msgid "pack loose unreachable objects"
+msgstr "empacotar objetos soltos inalcançáveis"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2919
+msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
+msgstr "descompactar objetos inalcançáveis mais recentes que <tempo>"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2922
+msgid "create thin packs"
+msgstr "criar pacotes finos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2924
+msgid "create packs suitable for shallow fetches"
+msgstr "criar pacotes adequados para obter em repositórios pouco profundos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2926
+msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
+msgstr "ignorar pacotes que tenham um ficheiro .keep"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2928
+msgid "pack compression level"
+msgstr "nível de compactação do pacote"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2930
+msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
+msgstr "não esconder commits introduzidos por enxertos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2932
+msgid "use a bitmap index if available to speed up counting objects"
+msgstr ""
+"usar um índice de mapa de bits se disponível, para acelerar a contagem de "
+"objetos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2934
+msgid "write a bitmap index together with the pack index"
+msgstr "escrever um índice de mapa de bits juntamente com o índice do pacote"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3061
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "A contar objetos"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:6
+msgid "git pack-refs [<options>]"
+msgstr "git pack-refs [<opções>]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:14
+msgid "pack everything"
+msgstr "compactar tudo"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
+msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
+msgstr "eliminar referências soltas (predefinição)"
+
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:7
+msgid "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
+msgstr "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
+
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:40
+msgid "Removing duplicate objects"
+msgstr "A remover objetos duplicados"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:11
+msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
+msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <tempo>] [--] [<head>...]"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:106
+msgid "report pruned objects"
+msgstr "apresentar objetos eliminados"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:109
+msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
+msgstr "expirar objetos mais antigos que <tempo>"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:123
+msgid "cannot prune in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "não é possível limpar num repositório de objetos-preciosos"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:51 builtin/pull.c:53
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "Valor inválido de %s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:73
+msgid "git pull [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git pull [<opções>] [<repositório> [<especificador-de-referência>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:121
+msgid "Options related to merging"
+msgstr "Opções relativas a integração"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:124
+msgid "incorporate changes by rebasing rather than merging"
+msgstr "incorporar alterações por rebase em vez de integrar"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:148 builtin/rebase--helper.c:18 builtin/revert.c:120
+msgid "allow fast-forward"
+msgstr "permitir avanço rápido"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:157
+msgid "automatically stash/stash pop before and after rebase"
+msgstr "empilhar/desempilhar automaticamente antes de depois de rebase"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:173
+msgid "Options related to fetching"
+msgstr "Opções relacionadas com obtenção de objetos"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:195
+msgid "number of submodules pulled in parallel"
+msgstr "número de submódulos puxados em paralelo"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:284
 #, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for pull.ff: %s"
+msgstr "Valor inválido de pull.ff: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:397
 msgid ""
-"The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
-"Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
+"There is no candidate for rebasing against among the refs that you just "
+"fetched."
 msgstr ""
+"Não há nenhum candidato com o qual realizar rebase de entre as referências "
+"que se acabaram de obter."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:971
-#, c-format
-msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
+#: builtin/pull.c:399
+msgid ""
+"There are no candidates for merging among the refs that you just fetched."
 msgstr ""
+"Não há nenhum candidato com o qual integrar de entre as referências que se "
+"acabaram obter."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:1103
-#: builtin/remote.c:1598
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+#: builtin/pull.c:400
+msgid ""
+"Generally this means that you provided a wildcard refspec which had no\n"
+"matches on the remote end."
 msgstr ""
+"Geralmente, significa que forneceu um especificador de referência\n"
+"com um carácter universal (wildcard) que não corresponde a nenhum remoto."
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2315
+#: builtin/pull.c:403
 #, c-format
-msgid "unsupported index version %s"
+msgid ""
+"You asked to pull from the remote '%s', but did not specify\n"
+"a branch. Because this is not the default configured remote\n"
+"for your current branch, you must specify a branch on the command line."
 msgstr ""
+"Solicitou puxar o remoto '%s', mas não especificou um ramo.\n"
+"Uma vez que este não é o remoto configurado por predefinição\n"
+"do ramo atual, deve especificar um ramo na linha de comandos."
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2319
-#, c-format
-msgid "bad index version '%s'"
+#: builtin/pull.c:408 git-parse-remote.sh:73
+msgid "You are not currently on a branch."
+msgstr "Não se encontra em nenhum ramo de momento."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:410 builtin/pull.c:425 git-parse-remote.sh:79
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to rebase against."
+msgstr "Especifique o ramo sobre o qual pretende realizar rebase."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:412 builtin/pull.c:427 git-parse-remote.sh:82
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to merge with."
+msgstr "Especifique o ramo com o qual pretende integrar."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:413 builtin/pull.c:428
+msgid "See git-pull(1) for details."
+msgstr "Consulte git-pull(1) para obter mais detalhes."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:415 builtin/pull.c:421 builtin/pull.c:430
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:64
+msgid "<remote>"
+msgstr "<remoto>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:415 builtin/pull.c:430 builtin/pull.c:435 git-rebase.sh:455
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:65
+msgid "<branch>"
+msgstr "<ramo>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:423 git-parse-remote.sh:75
+msgid "There is no tracking information for the current branch."
+msgstr "O ramo atual não segue nenhum ramo."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:432 git-parse-remote.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:"
 msgstr ""
+"Se deseja definir o ramo que deve ser seguido por este ramo, pode fazê-lo "
+"com:"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2342
+#: builtin/pull.c:437
 #, c-format
-msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
-msgstr "opção %s não aceita formato negativo"
+msgid ""
+"Your configuration specifies to merge with the ref '%s'\n"
+"from the remote, but no such ref was fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"A configuração indica para integrar com a referência '%s'\n"
+"do remoto, mas aquela referência não foi obtida."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:754
+msgid "ignoring --verify-signatures for rebase"
+msgstr "ignorado --verify-signatures para rebase"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:801
+msgid "--[no-]autostash option is only valid with --rebase."
+msgstr "a opção --[no-]autostash só é válida com --rebase."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:809
+msgid "Updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index."
+msgstr ""
+"A atualizar um ramo que ainda não foi criado e com alterações adicionadas ao "
+"índice."
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2346
+#: builtin/pull.c:812
+msgid "pull with rebase"
+msgstr "puxar com rebase"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:813
+msgid "please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "submeta ou esconda-as."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:838
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
+msgid ""
+"fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"commit %s."
 msgstr ""
+"o fetch atualizou a cabeça do ramo atual.\n"
+"a avançar a árvore de trabalho a partir do\n"
+"commit %s."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:45
+#: builtin/pull.c:843
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot fast-forward your working tree.\n"
+"After making sure that you saved anything precious from\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"output, run\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"to recover."
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível avançar rapidamente a árvore de trabalho.\n"
+"Depois de guardar todas as alterações importantes indicadas por\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"execute\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"para recuperar."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:858
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head."
+msgstr "Não é possível integrar múltiplos ramos numa cabeça vazia."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:862
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches."
+msgstr "Não é possível efetuar rebase sobre múltiplos ramos."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:16
+msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git push [<opções>] [<repositório> [<especificador-de-referência>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:89
 msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "forma abreviada de tag sem <tag>"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:64
+#: builtin/push.c:99
 msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
-msgstr "--delete só aceita nomes simples para o ref de destino"
+msgstr "--delete só aceita nomes simples como referências de destino"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:99
+#: builtin/push.c:143
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
 msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Para escolher uma opção permanentemente, consulte push.default em 'git help "
+"config'."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:102
+#: builtin/push.c:146
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
@@ -3682,8 +11326,17 @@ msgid ""
 "    git push %s %s\n"
 "%s"
 msgstr ""
+"O ramo a montante do ramo atual não coincide com o nome do ramo atual.\n"
+"Para publicar no ramo a montante no remoto, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+"\n"
+"Para publicar no ramo com o mesmo nome no remoto, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s %s\n"
+"%s"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:121
+#: builtin/push.c:161
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are not currently on a branch.\n"
@@ -3692,8 +11345,13 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
 msgstr ""
+"Não se encontra em nenhum ramo neste momento.\n"
+"Para publicar o histórico que conduziu ao estado atual (de HEAD\n"
+"destacada), use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:128
+#: builtin/push.c:175
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
@@ -3701,67 +11359,107 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
 msgstr ""
+"O ramo atual %s não tem nenhum ramo a montante.\n"
+"Para publicar o ramo atual e definir o remoto a montante, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:136
+#: builtin/push.c:183
 #, c-format
 msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "O ramo atual %s tem múltiplos ramos a montante, publicação recusada."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:139
+#: builtin/push.c:186
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
 "your current branch '%s', without telling me what to push\n"
 "to update which remote branch."
 msgstr ""
+"O remoto '%s', no qual pretende publicar, não é o remoto a montante\n"
+"do ramo atual '%s'. Deve indicar o que pretende publicar e que ramo\n"
+"remoto atualizar."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:174
-msgid "You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
+#: builtin/push.c:245
+msgid ""
+"You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
 msgstr ""
+"Não indicou nenhum especificador de referência para publicar e o valor de "
+"push.default é \"nothing\"."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:181
+#: builtin/push.c:252
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
-"its remote counterpart. Merge the remote changes (e.g. 'git pull')\n"
-"before pushing again.\n"
+"its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.\n"
+"'git pull ...') before pushing again.\n"
 "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
 msgstr ""
+"As atualizações foram rejeitadas porque a ponta do ramo atual está atrasada\n"
+"em relação ao homólogo remoto. Integre as alterações remotas (e.g.\n"
+"'git pull ...') antes de publicar de novo.\n"
+"Consulte 'Note about fast-forwards' em 'git push --help' para obter detalhes."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:187
+#: builtin/push.c:258
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
-"counterpart. If you did not intend to push that branch, you may want to\n"
-"specify branches to push or set the 'push.default' configuration\n"
-"variable to 'current' or 'upstream' to push only the current branch."
+"counterpart. Check out this branch and integrate the remote changes\n"
+"(e.g. 'git pull ...') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
 msgstr ""
+"As atualizações foram rejeitadas porque a ponta do ramo atual está atrasada\n"
+"em relação ao homólogo remoto. Extraia o ramo e integre\n"
+"as alterações remotas (e.g. 'git pull ...') antes de publicar de novo.\n"
+"Consulte 'Note about fast-forwards' em 'git push --help' para obter detalhes."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:193
+#: builtin/push.c:264
 msgid ""
-"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
-"counterpart. Check out this branch and merge the remote changes\n"
-"(e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.\n"
+"Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
+"not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
+"to the same ref. You may want to first integrate the remote changes\n"
+"(e.g., 'git pull ...') before pushing again.\n"
 "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
 msgstr ""
+"As atualizações foram rejeitadas porque o remoto contém alterações que\n"
+"não tem localmente. Habitualmente, acontece porque outro repositório "
+"publicou\n"
+"na mesma referência. Pode integrar primeiro as alterações remotas\n"
+"(e.g., 'git pull ...') antes de publicar de novo.\n"
+"Consulte 'Note about fast-forwards' em 'git push --help' para obter detalhes."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:271
+msgid "Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote."
+msgstr "As atualizações foram rejeitadas porque a tag já existe no remoto."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:274
+msgid ""
+"You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
+"or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
+"without using the '--force' option.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível atualizar uma referência remota que aponte para um\n"
+"objeto não commit, ou atualizar uma referência remota fazendo-a\n"
+"apontar para um objeto não commit, sem usar a opção '--force'.\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:233
+#: builtin/push.c:334
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
-msgstr "Pushing para %s\n"
+msgstr "A publicar em %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:237
+#: builtin/push.c:338
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "falha ao publicar algumas referências em '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:269
+#: builtin/push.c:369
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad repository '%s'"
-msgstr "repositorio inválido '%s'"
+msgstr "repositório '%s' incorreto"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:270
+#: builtin/push.c:370
 msgid ""
 "No configured push destination.\n"
-"Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote repository using\n"
+"Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
+"repository using\n"
 "\n"
 "    git remote add <name> <url>\n"
 "\n"
@@ -3769,154 +11467,485 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "    git push <name>\n"
 msgstr ""
+"Destino de publicação não definido.\n"
+"Indique um URL na linha de comandos ou configure um repositório remoto "
+"usando\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <nome> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"e publique usando o nome remoto\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <nome>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:285
+#: builtin/push.c:388
 msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
-msgstr "--all e --tags are são incompatíveis"
+msgstr "--all e --tags são incompatíveis"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:286
+#: builtin/push.c:389
 msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "--all não pode ser combinado com especificadores de referências"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:291
+#: builtin/push.c:394
 msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "--mirror e --tags são incompatíveis"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:292
+#: builtin/push.c:395
 msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "--mirror não pode ser combinado com especificadores de referências"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:297
+#: builtin/push.c:400
 msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "--all e --mirror são incompatíveis"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:518
+msgid "repository"
+msgstr "repositório"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:385
+#: builtin/push.c:519 builtin/send-pack.c:162
+msgid "push all refs"
+msgstr "publicar todas as referências"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:520 builtin/send-pack.c:164
+msgid "mirror all refs"
+msgstr "replicar todas as referências"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:522
+msgid "delete refs"
+msgstr "eliminar referências"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:523
+msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
+msgstr "publicar tags (não pode ser usado com --all ou --mirror)"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:526 builtin/send-pack.c:165
+msgid "force updates"
+msgstr "forçar atualização"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:528 builtin/send-pack.c:179
+msgid "refname>:<expect"
+msgstr "nome da referência>:<esperado"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:529 builtin/send-pack.c:180
+msgid "require old value of ref to be at this value"
+msgstr "exigir que o antigo valor da referência tenha este valor"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:532
+msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
+msgstr "controlar a publicação recursiva de submódulos"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:534 builtin/send-pack.c:173
+msgid "use thin pack"
+msgstr "usar pacote fino"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:535 builtin/push.c:536 builtin/send-pack.c:159
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:160
+msgid "receive pack program"
+msgstr "programa receive pack"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:537
+msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
+msgstr "definir o ramo a montante usado com git pull/status"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:540
+msgid "prune locally removed refs"
+msgstr "eliminar referências removidas localmente"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:542
+msgid "bypass pre-push hook"
+msgstr "ignorar pre-push hook"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:543
+msgid "push missing but relevant tags"
+msgstr "publicar tags perdidas mas relevantes"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:546 builtin/send-pack.c:167
+msgid "GPG sign the push"
+msgstr "assinar publicação com GPG"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:548 builtin/send-pack.c:174
+msgid "request atomic transaction on remote side"
+msgstr "solicitar transação atómica no servidor remoto"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:549 builtin/send-pack.c:170
+msgid "server-specific"
+msgstr "específico do servidor"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:549 builtin/send-pack.c:171
+msgid "option to transmit"
+msgstr "opção para transmitir"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:563
 msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "--delete é incompatível com --all, --mirror e --tags"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:387
+#: builtin/push.c:565
 msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
+msgstr "--delete não faz sentido sem uma referência"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:584
+msgid "push options must not have new line characters"
+msgstr "as opções de publicação não podem ter carateres de nova linha"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:40
+msgid ""
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>) "
+"[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
+"index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
+msgstr ""
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --"
+"prefix=<prefixo>) [-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-"
+"sparse-checkout] [--index-output=<ficheiro>] (--empty | <árvore-etc1> "
+"[<árvore-etc2> [<árvore-etc3>]])"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:130
+msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
+msgstr "escrever o índice resultante no <ficheiro>"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:133
+msgid "only empty the index"
+msgstr "apenas esvaziar o índice"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
+msgid "Merging"
+msgstr "A integrar"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:137
+msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
+msgstr "realizar uma integração em adição a uma leitura"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:139
+msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
+msgstr ""
+"integrar com 3 pontos se a integração ao nível de ficheiros não for "
+"necessária"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:141
+msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
+msgstr "integrar com 3 ponto na presença de adições e remoções"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:143
+msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
+msgstr "o mesmo que -m, mas descartar entradas não integradas"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:144
+msgid "<subdirectory>/"
+msgstr "<subdiretório>/"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:145
+msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
+msgstr "ler a árvore em <subdiretório>/ para o índice"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:148
+msgid "update working tree with merge result"
+msgstr "atualizar a árvore de trabalho com os resultados da integração"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:150
+msgid "gitignore"
+msgstr "gitignore"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:151
+msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
+msgstr "permitir que os ficheiros explicitamente ignorados sejam substituídos"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:154
+msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
+msgstr "não verificar a árvore de trabalho depois de integrar"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:155
+msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
+msgstr "não atualizar o índice ou a árvore de trabalho"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:157
+msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
+msgstr "ignorar a aplicação do filtro de extração esparsa"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:159
+msgid "debug unpack-trees"
+msgstr "depurar unpack-trees"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:7
+msgid "git rebase--helper [<options>]"
+msgstr "git rebase--helper [<opções>]"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:19
+msgid "continue rebase"
+msgstr "continuar rebase"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:21
+msgid "abort rebase"
+msgstr "abortar rebase"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:27
+msgid "git receive-pack <git-dir>"
+msgstr "git receive-pack <git-dir>"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:796
+msgid ""
+"By default, updating the current branch in a non-bare repository\n"
+"is denied, because it will make the index and work tree inconsistent\n"
+"with what you pushed, and will require 'git reset --hard' to match\n"
+"the work tree to HEAD.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set the 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable\n"
+"to 'ignore' or 'warn' in the remote repository to allow pushing into\n"
+"its current branch; however, this is not recommended unless you\n"
+"arranged to update its work tree to match what you pushed in some\n"
+"other way.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message and still keep the default behaviour, set\n"
+"'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"Por predefinição, atualizar o ramo atual num repositório não-nu\n"
+"é proibido, porque tornará o índice e a árvore de trabalho inconsistentes\n"
+"com o que publicou e requererá 'git reset --hard' para igualar a\n"
+"árvore de trabalho à HEAD.\n"
+"\n"
+"Pode definir a variável configuração 'receive.denyCurrentBranch'\n"
+"como 'ignore' ou 'warn' no repositório remoto para permitir publicar\n"
+"para o ramo atual dele; no entanto, não é recomendando a menos que\n"
+"consiga de outra forma atualizar a árvore de trabalho dele para\n"
+"refletir o que publicou.\n"
+"\n"
+"Para suprimir esta mensagem e manter o comportamento predefinido, defina a "
+"variável de configuração 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' como 'refuse'."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:816
+msgid ""
+"By default, deleting the current branch is denied, because the next\n"
+"'git clone' won't result in any file checked out, causing confusion.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' configuration variable to\n"
+"'warn' or 'ignore' in the remote repository to allow deleting the\n"
+"current branch, with or without a warning message.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message, you can set it to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"Por predefinição, eliminar o ramo atual é proibido, porque o próximo\n"
+"'git clone' não resultará em nenhum ficheiro extraído, causando confusão.\n"
+"\n"
+"Pode definir a variável de configuração 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' como\n"
+"'warn' ou 'ignore' no repositório remoto para permitir eliminar o\n"
+"ramo atual, com ou sem uma mensagem de aviso.\n"
+"\n"
+"Para suprimir esta mensagem, pode definí-la como 'refuse'."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1889
+msgid "quiet"
+msgstr "silencioso"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1903
+msgid "You must specify a directory."
+msgstr "Deve especificar um diretório."
+
+#: builtin/reflog.c:423
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
+msgstr "'%s' em '%s' não é um carimbo de data/hora válido"
+
+#: builtin/reflog.c:540 builtin/reflog.c:545
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid timestamp"
+msgstr "'%s' não é um carimbo de data/hora válido"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:12
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:13
+msgid ""
+"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
+"mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr ""
+"git remote add [-t <ramo>] [-m <mestre>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
+"mirror=<fetch|push>] <nome> <url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:14 builtin/remote.c:34
+msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
+msgstr "git remote rename <antigo> <novo>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:15 builtin/remote.c:39
+msgid "git remote remove <name>"
+msgstr "git remote remove <nome>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:16 builtin/remote.c:44
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
+msgstr "git remote set-head <nome> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <ramo>)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:17
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <nome>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:18
+msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <nome>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:19
+msgid ""
+"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
 msgstr ""
+"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<grupo> | <remoto>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:20
+msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches [--add] <nome> <ramo>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:21 builtin/remote.c:70
+msgid "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <nome>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:75
+msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
+msgstr "git remote set-url [--push] <nome> <novo-url> [<url-antigo>]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:76
+msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
+msgstr "git remote set-url --add <nome> <novo-url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:24 builtin/remote.c:77
+msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
+msgstr "git remote set-url --delete <nome> <url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:29
+msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr "git remote add [<opções>] <nome> <url>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:98
+#: builtin/remote.c:49
+msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches <nome> <ramo>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:50
+msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches --add <nome> <ramo>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:55
+msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote show [<opções>] <nome>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:60
+msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote prune [<opções>] <nome>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:65
+msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
+msgstr "git remote update [<opções>] [<grupo> | <remoto>]..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:94
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s"
-msgstr "Actualizando %s"
+msgstr "A atualizar %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:130
+#: builtin/remote.c:126
 msgid ""
 "--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
 "\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
 msgstr ""
+"--mirror é perigoso e obsoleto;\n"
+"\t use --mirror=fetch ou --mirror=push"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:147
+#: builtin/remote.c:143
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
-msgstr "argumento mirror não conhecido: %s"
+msgstr "argumento de mirror desconhecido: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:159
+msgid "fetch the remote branches"
+msgstr "obter os ramos remotos"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:161
+msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
+msgstr "importar todas as tags e objetos associados ao obter"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:164
+msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
+msgstr "ou não obter nenhuma tag (--no-tags)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:166
+msgid "branch(es) to track"
+msgstr "ramos a seguir"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:185
+#: builtin/remote.c:167
+msgid "master branch"
+msgstr "ramo mestre"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:168
+msgid "push|fetch"
+msgstr "push|fetch"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:169
+msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
+msgstr "configurar o remoto como um espelho para publicar ou obter"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:181
 msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "especificar um ramo mestre não faz sentido com --mirror"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:187
+#: builtin/remote.c:183
 msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "especificar ramos para seguir só faz sentido com fetch mirrors"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:195
-#: builtin/remote.c:646
+#: builtin/remote.c:190 builtin/remote.c:629
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote %s already exists."
-msgstr "o remoto %s já existe"
+msgstr "o remoto %s já existe."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:199
-#: builtin/remote.c:650
+#: builtin/remote.c:194 builtin/remote.c:633
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
-msgstr "'%s' não é um nombe remoto valido"
+msgstr "'%s' não é um nome de remoto válido"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:243
+#: builtin/remote.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
-msgstr "Não foi possível configurar a rama master '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:299
-#, c-format
-msgid "more than one %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não foi possível configuração o ramo mestre '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:339
+#: builtin/remote.c:336
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
 msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível obter o mapa de fetch do especificador de referência %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:440
-#: builtin/remote.c:448
+#: builtin/remote.c:437 builtin/remote.c:445
 msgid "(matching)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "(correspondente)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:452
+#: builtin/remote.c:449
 msgid "(delete)"
 msgstr "(eliminado)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:595
-#: builtin/remote.c:601
-#: builtin/remote.c:607
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr "Não foi possível adicionar o '%s' para o '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:639
-#: builtin/remote.c:792
-#: builtin/remote.c:890
+#: builtin/remote.c:622 builtin/remote.c:757 builtin/remote.c:856
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Remoto inexistente: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:656
+#: builtin/remote.c:639
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr "Não foi possível renombrar a secção da configuração de '%s' para '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:662
-#: builtin/remote.c:799
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
-msgstr "Não foi possível remover a secção da configuração '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível mudar o nome da secção de configuração de '%s' para '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:677
+#: builtin/remote.c:659
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
-"Not updating non-default fetch respec\n"
+"Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
 "\t%s\n"
 "\tPlease update the configuration manually if necessary."
 msgstr ""
+"O seguinte especificador de referência, não-predefinido e usado para obter "
+"objetos, não foi atualizado\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"\tAtualize a configuração manualmente se necessário."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:683
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s'"
-msgstr "Não foi possível adicionar '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:694
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not set '%s'"
-msgstr "Não foi possível atribuir '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:716
+#: builtin/remote.c:695
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
-msgstr "falhou eliminar '%s'"
+msgstr "falha ao eliminar '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:750
+#: builtin/remote.c:729
 #, c-format
 msgid "creating '%s' failed"
-msgstr "falhou a criar '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:764
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove branch %s"
-msgstr "Não foi possível remover rama %s"
+msgstr "falha ao criar '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:834
+#: builtin/remote.c:794
 msgid ""
 "Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
 "to delete it, use:"
@@ -3924,1057 +11953,4852 @@ msgid_plural ""
 "Note: Some branches outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy were not removed;\n"
 "to delete them, use:"
 msgstr[0] ""
+"Nota: Um ramo fora da hierarquia refs/remotes/ não foi removido;\n"
+"para o remover, use:"
 msgstr[1] ""
+"Nota: alguns ramos fora da hierarquia refs/remotes/ não foram removidos;\n"
+"para os remover, use:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:943
+#: builtin/remote.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr "Não foi possível remover a secção de configuração '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:909
 #, c-format
 msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr " novo (os próxima objetos obtidos serão guardados em remotes/%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:946
+#: builtin/remote.c:912
 msgid " tracked"
-msgstr "seguido"
+msgstr " seguido"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:948
+#: builtin/remote.c:914
 msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr " obsoleto (use 'git remote prune' para remover)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:950
+#: builtin/remote.c:916
 msgid " ???"
 msgstr " ???"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:991
+#: builtin/remote.c:957
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
 msgstr ""
+"branch.%s.merge inválido; não é possível rebasear sobre mais do que um ramo"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:965
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively onto remote %s"
+msgstr "rebaseia interativamente sobre %s do remoto"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:998
+#: builtin/remote.c:966
 #, c-format
 msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "rebaseia sobre %s do remoto"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1001
+#: builtin/remote.c:969
 #, c-format
 msgid " merges with remote %s"
-msgstr "Fundir com servidor remoto %s"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:1002
-msgid "    and with remote"
-msgstr "    e com remoto"
+msgstr " integra com %s do remoto"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1004
+#: builtin/remote.c:972
 #, c-format
 msgid "merges with remote %s"
-msgstr "Fundir com servidor remoto %s"
+msgstr "integra com %s do remoto"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1005
-msgid "   and with remote"
-msgstr "   e com remoto"
+#: builtin/remote.c:975
+#, c-format
+msgid "%-*s    and with remote %s\n"
+msgstr "%-*s    e com o %s do remoto\n"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1051
+#: builtin/remote.c:1018
 msgid "create"
-msgstr "creado"
+msgstr "criado"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1054
+#: builtin/remote.c:1021
 msgid "delete"
 msgstr "eliminado"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1058
+#: builtin/remote.c:1025
 msgid "up to date"
-msgstr "actualizado"
+msgstr "atualizado"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1061
+#: builtin/remote.c:1028
 msgid "fast-forwardable"
-msgstr "fast-forwardable"
+msgstr "pode ser avançado rapidamente"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1064
+#: builtin/remote.c:1031
 msgid "local out of date"
-msgstr "local desatualizada"
+msgstr "local desatualizado"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1071
+#: builtin/remote.c:1038
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "    %-*s força em %-*s (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1074
+#: builtin/remote.c:1041
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "    %-*s publica em %-*s (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1078
+#: builtin/remote.c:1045
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "    %-*s força em %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1081
+#: builtin/remote.c:1048
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "    %-*s publica em %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1118
+#: builtin/remote.c:1116
+msgid "do not query remotes"
+msgstr "não consultar remotos"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1143
 #, c-format
 msgid "* remote %s"
-msgstr "* remota %s"
+msgstr "* remoto %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1119
+#: builtin/remote.c:1144
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "  Obter    do URL: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1120
-#: builtin/remote.c:1285
+#: builtin/remote.c:1145 builtin/remote.c:1158 builtin/remote.c:1297
 msgid "(no URL)"
 msgstr "(nenhum URL)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1129
-#: builtin/remote.c:1131
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon ':' should align with
+#. the one in "  Fetch URL: %s" translation
+#: builtin/remote.c:1156 builtin/remote.c:1158
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "  Publicar no URL: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1133
-#: builtin/remote.c:1135
-#: builtin/remote.c:1137
+#: builtin/remote.c:1160 builtin/remote.c:1162 builtin/remote.c:1164
 #, c-format
 msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
-msgstr "Rama HEAD: %s"
+msgstr "  Ramo HEAD: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1160
+msgid "(not queried)"
+msgstr "(não consultado)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1139
+#: builtin/remote.c:1162
+msgid "(unknown)"
+msgstr "(desconhecido)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1166
 #, c-format
-msgid "  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgid ""
+"  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
+msgstr "  Ramo HEAD (o remoto HEAD é ambíguo, pode ser um dos seguintes):\n"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1151
+#: builtin/remote.c:1178
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
 msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
-msgstr[0] "Rama remota:%s"
-msgstr[1] "Ramas remotas:%s'"
+msgstr[0] "  Ramo remoto:%s"
+msgstr[1] "  Ramos remotos:%s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1154
-#: builtin/remote.c:1181
+#: builtin/remote.c:1181 builtin/remote.c:1207
 msgid " (status not queried)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr " (estado não consultado)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1163
+#: builtin/remote.c:1190
 msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
 msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgstr[0] "  Ramo local configurado para 'git pull':"
+msgstr[1] "  Ramos locais configurados para 'git pull':"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1171
+#: builtin/remote.c:1198
 msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "  Referências locais serão refletidas (mirror) por 'git push'"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1178
+#: builtin/remote.c:1204
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
 msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
+msgstr[0] "  Referência local configurada para 'git push'%s:"
+msgstr[1] "  Referências locais configuradas para 'git push'%s:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1216
+#: builtin/remote.c:1225
+msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
+msgstr "definir refs/remotes/<nome>/HEAD de acordo com o remoto"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1227
+msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
+msgstr "eliminar refs/remotes/<nome>/HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1242
 msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não é possível determinar o remoto HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1218
+#: builtin/remote.c:1244
 msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Múltiplos ramos HEAD remotos. Escolha um explicitamente com:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1228
+#: builtin/remote.c:1254
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not delete %s"
-msgstr "Não foi possível abrir %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível eliminar %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1236
+#: builtin/remote.c:1262
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Referência inválida: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1238
+#: builtin/remote.c:1264
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not setup %s"
 msgstr "Não foi possível configurar %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1274
+#: builtin/remote.c:1282
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s will become dangling!"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr " %s ficará suspenso!"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1275
+#: builtin/remote.c:1283
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s has become dangling!"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr " %s ficou suspenso!"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1281
+#: builtin/remote.c:1293
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pruning %s"
-msgstr "Apagando %s"
+msgstr "A eliminar %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1282
+#: builtin/remote.c:1294
 #, c-format
 msgid "URL: %s"
 msgstr "URL: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1295
+#: builtin/remote.c:1310
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [would prune] %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr " * [eliminaria] %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1298
+#: builtin/remote.c:1313
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [pruned] %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr " * [eliminado] %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1387
-#: builtin/remote.c:1461
+#: builtin/remote.c:1358
+msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
+msgstr "eliminar remotos depois de obter"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1421 builtin/remote.c:1475 builtin/remote.c:1543
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote '%s'"
-msgstr "Não existe este remoto '%s'"
+msgstr "Remoto inexistente '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1437
+msgid "add branch"
+msgstr "adicionar ramo"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1414
+#: builtin/remote.c:1444
 msgid "no remote specified"
-msgstr "Nenhum remoto especificado"
+msgstr "nenhum remoto especificado"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1461
+msgid "query push URLs rather than fetch URLs"
+msgstr "consultar URLs de publicação em vez de URLs utilizados para obter"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1463
+msgid "return all URLs"
+msgstr "retornar todos os URLs"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1491
+#, c-format
+msgid "no URLs configured for remote '%s'"
+msgstr "o remoto '%s' não tem nenhum URL configurado"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1517
+msgid "manipulate push URLs"
+msgstr "manipular URLs de publicação"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1519
+msgid "add URL"
+msgstr "adicionar URL"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1447
+#: builtin/remote.c:1521
+msgid "delete URLs"
+msgstr "eliminar URLs"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1528
 msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "--add --delete não faz sentido"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1487
+#: builtin/remote.c:1569
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Padrão de URL antigo inválido: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1495
+#: builtin/remote.c:1577
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such URL found: %s"
-msgstr "Nenhum URL encontrado: %s"
+msgstr "URL não encontrado: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1497
+#: builtin/remote.c:1579
 msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
+msgstr "Não é possível remover todos os URLs de não publicação"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1593
+msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
+msgstr "ser verboso; deve ser colocado antes de um subcomando"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1624
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "Subcomando desconhecido: %s"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:17
+msgid "git repack [<options>]"
+msgstr "git repack [<opções>]"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:22
+msgid ""
+"Incremental repacks are incompatible with bitmap indexes.  Use\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index or disable the pack.writebitmaps configuration."
 msgstr ""
+"Repacks incrementais são incompatíveis com índices bitmap. Use\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-índex ou desative a configuração pack.writebitmaps."
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:166
+msgid "pack everything in a single pack"
+msgstr "compactar tudo num único pacote"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:168
+msgid "same as -a, and turn unreachable objects loose"
+msgstr "o mesmo que -a, e soltar objetos inalcançáveis"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:171
+msgid "remove redundant packs, and run git-prune-packed"
+msgstr "remover pacotes redundantes e executar git-prune-packed"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:173
+msgid "pass --no-reuse-delta to git-pack-objects"
+msgstr "passar --no-reuse-delta ao git-pack-objects"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:175
+msgid "pass --no-reuse-object to git-pack-objects"
+msgstr "passar --no-reuse-object ao git-pack-objects"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:33
+#: builtin/repack.c:177
+msgid "do not run git-update-server-info"
+msgstr "não executar git-update-server-info"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:180
+msgid "pass --local to git-pack-objects"
+msgstr "passar --local ao git-pack-objects"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:182
+msgid "write bitmap index"
+msgstr "escrever índice de mapa de bits"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:183
+msgid "approxidate"
+msgstr "aproximar"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:184
+msgid "with -A, do not loosen objects older than this"
+msgstr "com -A, não soltar mais objetos além destes"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:186
+msgid "with -a, repack unreachable objects"
+msgstr "com -a, reempacotar objetos inalcançáveis"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:188
+msgid "size of the window used for delta compression"
+msgstr "dimensão da janela usada em compressão de deltas"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:189 builtin/repack.c:193
+msgid "bytes"
+msgstr "bytes"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:190
+msgid "same as the above, but limit memory size instead of entries count"
+msgstr ""
+"o mesmo que o anterior, mas limitar a memória usada em vez do número de "
+"entradas"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:192
+msgid "limits the maximum delta depth"
+msgstr "limitar a profundidade máxima de delta"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:194
+msgid "maximum size of each packfile"
+msgstr "tamanho máximo de cada ficheiro de pacote"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:196
+msgid "repack objects in packs marked with .keep"
+msgstr "reempacotar objetos em pacotes marcados com .keep"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:206
+msgid "cannot delete packs in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "não é possível eliminar pacotes num repositório de objetos-preciosos"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:210
+msgid "--keep-unreachable and -A are incompatible"
+msgstr "--keep-unreachable e -A são incompatíveis"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:400 builtin/worktree.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove '%s'"
+msgstr "falha ao remover '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:19
+msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] <objeto> <substituição>"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:20
+msgid "git replace [-f] --edit <object>"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] --edit <objeto>"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:21
+msgid "git replace [-f] --graft <commit> [<parent>...]"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] --graft <commit> [<pai>...]"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:22
+msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
+msgstr "git replace -d <objeto>..."
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:23
+msgid "git replace [--format=<format>] [-l [<pattern>]]"
+msgstr "git replace [--format=<formato>] [-l [<padrão>]]"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:329 builtin/replace.c:367 builtin/replace.c:395
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'"
+msgstr "Nome de objeto inválido: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:359
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad mergetag in commit '%s'"
+msgstr "mergetag incorreta no commit '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed mergetag in commit '%s'"
+msgstr "mergetag malformada no commit '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:372
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"original commit '%s' contains mergetag '%s' that is discarded; use --edit "
+"instead of --graft"
+msgstr ""
+"o commit original '%s' contém a mergetag '%s' que foi excluída; use --edit "
+"em vez de --graft"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:405
+#, c-format
+msgid "the original commit '%s' has a gpg signature."
+msgstr "o commit original '%s' tem uma assinatura gpg."
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:406
+msgid "the signature will be removed in the replacement commit!"
+msgstr "a assinatura será removida do commit suplente!"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:412
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write replacement commit for: '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível escrever o commit suplente de: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:436
+msgid "list replace refs"
+msgstr "listar referências substituídas"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:437
+msgid "delete replace refs"
+msgstr "eliminar referências substituídas"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:438
+msgid "edit existing object"
+msgstr "editar objeto existente"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:439
+msgid "change a commit's parents"
+msgstr "mudar os pais de um commit"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:440
+msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
+msgstr "substituir a referência se esta existir"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:441
+msgid "do not pretty-print contents for --edit"
+msgstr "não mostrar o conteúdo de --edit com impressão bonita"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:442
+msgid "use this format"
+msgstr "usar este formato"
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:12
+msgid "git rerere [clear | forget <path>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+msgstr ""
+"git rerere [clear | forget <caminho>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:58
+msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
+msgstr "registar resoluções limpas no índice"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:26
+msgid ""
+"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:27
+msgid "git reset [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git reset [-q] [<árvore-etc>] [--] <caminhos>..."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:28
+msgid "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"
+msgstr "git reset --patch [<árvore-etc>] [--] [<caminhos>...]"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:34
 msgid "mixed"
-msgstr "mistura"
+msgstr "misturado"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:33
+#: builtin/reset.c:34
 msgid "soft"
-msgstr "leve"
+msgstr "suave"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:33
+#: builtin/reset.c:34
 msgid "hard"
 msgstr "forte"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:33
+#: builtin/reset.c:34
 msgid "merge"
-msgstr "juntar"
+msgstr "merge"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:33
+#: builtin/reset.c:34
 msgid "keep"
-msgstr "manter"
+msgstr "conservador"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:77
+#: builtin/reset.c:74
 msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
-msgstr "Não tens a HEAD válida."
+msgstr "HEAD inválida."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:79
+#: builtin/reset.c:76
 msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Falha ao procurar árvore de HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:85
+#: builtin/reset.c:82
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Falha ao procurar árvore de %s."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:96
-msgid "Could not write new index file."
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:106
+#: builtin/reset.c:100
 #, c-format
 msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
-msgstr "HEAD é agora em %s"
+msgstr "HEAD está agora em %s"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:130
-msgid "Could not read index"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/reset.c:183
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
+msgstr "Não é possível repor de modo %s durante uma integração."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:133
-msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/reset.c:276
+msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
+msgstr "silencioso, só reportar erros"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:223
+#: builtin/reset.c:278
+msgid "reset HEAD and index"
+msgstr "repor HEAD e índice"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:279
+msgid "reset only HEAD"
+msgstr "repor HEAD apenas"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:281 builtin/reset.c:283
+msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
+msgstr "repor HEAD, índice e árvore de trabalho"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:285
+msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
+msgstr "repor HEAD mas conservar alterações locais"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:288
+msgid "record only the fact that removed paths will be added later"
+msgstr "registar apenas o facto de que os caminhos removidos serão adicionados"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:305
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."
+msgstr "Falha ao resolver '%s' como referência válida."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:297
+#: builtin/reset.c:313
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
-msgstr "Não foi possível analisar objeto '%s'."
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."
+msgstr "Falha ao resolver '%s' como árvore válida."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:302
+#: builtin/reset.c:322
 msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "--patch é incompatível com --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:311
+#: builtin/reset.c:331
 msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
 msgstr ""
+"--mixed acompanhado com caminhos é obsoleto; use 'git reset -- <caminhos>'."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:313
+#: builtin/reset.c:333
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não é possível repor de modo %s com caminhos."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:325
+#: builtin/reset.c:343
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não é permitido repor de modo %s num repositório nu"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:347
+msgid "-N can only be used with --mixed"
+msgstr "-N só pode ser usado com --mixed"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:341
+#: builtin/reset.c:364
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr "Alterações não preparadas depois de repor:"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:370
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
+msgstr "Não foi possível repor o ficheiro índice para a revisão '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:374
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr "Não foi possível escrever novo ficheiro de índice."
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:354
+msgid "rev-list does not support display of notes"
+msgstr "rev-list não suporta apresentação de notas"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:393
+msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]"
+msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [<opções>] -- [<argumentos>...]"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:398
+msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
+msgstr "conservar '--' passado como argumento"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:400
+msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
+msgstr "parar de analisar depois do primeiro argumento que não seja uma opção"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:403
+msgid "output in stuck long form"
+msgstr "mostrar em formato fixo e longo"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:534
+msgid ""
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [<options>] [<arg>...]\n"
+"\n"
+"Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
 msgstr ""
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<opções>] -- [<argumentos>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<argumentos>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [<opções>] [<argumentos>...]\n"
+"\n"
+"Execute \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" para obter mais informação sobre a "
+"primeira utilização."
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:70
-#: builtin/revert.c:92
+#: builtin/revert.c:22
+msgid "git revert [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git revert [<opções>] <commit-etc>..."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:23
+msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
+msgstr "git revert <subcommando>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:28
+msgid "git cherry-pick [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git cherry-pick [<opções>] <commit-etc>..."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:29
+msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
+msgstr "git cherry-pick <subcommando>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:89
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: %s não pode ser usado com %s"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:98
+msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "terminar reversão ou cherry-pick"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:99
+msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "retomar a reversão ou cherry-pick"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:100
+msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "cancelar reversão ou cherry-pick"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:101
+msgid "don't automatically commit"
+msgstr "não submeter automaticamente"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:102
+msgid "edit the commit message"
+msgstr "editar a mensagem de commit"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:105
+msgid "parent-number"
+msgstr "número-pai"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:106
+msgid "select mainline parent"
+msgstr "selecionar pai principal"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:108
+msgid "merge strategy"
+msgstr "estratégia de integração"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
+msgid "option"
+msgstr "opção"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:110
+msgid "option for merge strategy"
+msgstr "opção de estratégia de integração"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:119
+msgid "append commit name"
+msgstr "acrescentar nome do commit"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:121
+msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
+msgstr "preservar commits inicialmente vazios"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:122
+msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
+msgstr "permitir commits com mensagens vazias"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:131
-msgid "program error"
-msgstr "erro do programa"
+#: builtin/revert.c:123
+msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
+msgstr "manter commits redundantes e vazios"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:221
+#: builtin/revert.c:211
 msgid "revert failed"
-msgstr "falhou o revert"
+msgstr "falha ao reverter"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:236
+#: builtin/revert.c:224
 msgid "cherry-pick failed"
-msgstr "cherry-pick falhou"
+msgstr "falha ao efetuar cherry-pick"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:109
-#, c-format
+#: builtin/rm.c:17
+msgid "git rm [<options>] [--] <file>..."
+msgstr "git rm [<opções>] [--] <ficheiro>..."
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:205
 msgid ""
-"'%s' has staged content different from both the file and the HEAD\n"
+"the following file has staged content different from both the\n"
+"file and the HEAD:"
+msgid_plural ""
+"the following files have staged content different from both the\n"
+"file and the HEAD:"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"o seguinte ficheiro tem conteúdo preparado no índice diferente\n"
+"do conteúdo no ficheiro e em HEAD:"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"os seguintes ficheiros têm conteúdo preparado no índice diferente\n"
+"do conteúdo no ficheiro e em HEAD:"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:210
+msgid ""
+"\n"
 "(use -f to force removal)"
 msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"(use -f para forçar remoção)"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:115
-#, c-format
+#: builtin/rm.c:214
+msgid "the following file has changes staged in the index:"
+msgid_plural "the following files have changes staged in the index:"
+msgstr[0] "o seguinte ficheiro contém alterações preparadas no índice:"
+msgstr[1] "os seguintes ficheiros contêm alterações preparadas no índice:"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:218 builtin/rm.c:227
 msgid ""
-"'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
+"\n"
 "(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
 msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"(use --cached para manter o ficheiro, ou -f para forçar remoção)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:224
+msgid "the following file has local modifications:"
+msgid_plural "the following files have local modifications:"
+msgstr[0] "o seguinte ficheiro contém alterações locais:"
+msgstr[1] "os seguintes ficheiros contêm alterações locais:"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:242
+msgid "do not list removed files"
+msgstr "não listar ficheiros removidos"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:243
+msgid "only remove from the index"
+msgstr "remover apenas do índice"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:244
+msgid "override the up-to-date check"
+msgstr "ignorar verificação de atualização"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:245
+msgid "allow recursive removal"
+msgstr "permitir remoção recursiva"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:119
+#: builtin/rm.c:247
+msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
+msgstr "sair com valor zero mesmo quando não há correspondência"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:308
 #, c-format
+msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
+msgstr "não remover '%s' recursivamente sem -r"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
+msgstr "git rm: não é possível remover %s"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:370
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível remover '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:18
 msgid ""
-"'%s' has local modifications\n"
-"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<host>:]<directory> "
+"[<ref>...]\n"
+"  --all and explicit <ref> specification are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<host>:]<diretório> "
+"[<referência>...]\n"
+"  --all e especificação explicita duma <referência> são mutuamente "
+"exclusivos."
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:161
+msgid "remote name"
+msgstr "nome do remoto"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:175
+msgid "use stateless RPC protocol"
+msgstr "use protocolo RPC sem estado"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:176
+msgid "read refs from stdin"
+msgstr "ler referências do stdin"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:177
+msgid "print status from remote helper"
+msgstr "imprimir estado do programa auxiliar remoto"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:13
+msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git shortlog [<opções>] [<intervalo-de-revisões>] [[--] [<caminho>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:248
+msgid "Group by committer rather than author"
+msgstr "agrupar por committer em vez de autor"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:250
+msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
+msgstr "ordenar saída de acordo com o número de commits por autor"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:252
+msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
+msgstr "suprimir a descrição dos commits, fornecer apenas o número de commits"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:254
+msgid "Show the email address of each author"
+msgstr "Mostrar o endereço de e-mail de cada autor"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:255
+msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
+msgstr "w[,i1[,i2]]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:256
+msgid "Linewrap output"
+msgstr "ajustar linhas"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:10
+msgid ""
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"\t\t[--current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
+"\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
+"\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <glob>)...]"
 msgstr ""
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"\t\t[--current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
+"\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
+"\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<revisão> | <glob>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:14
+msgid "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<referência>]"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:194
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:374
 #, c-format
-msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
+msgid "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d ref"
+msgid_plural "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "ignorar %s; não é possível processar mais do que %d referência"
+msgstr[1] "ingorar %s; não é possível processar mais do que %d referências"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:536
+#, c-format
+msgid "no matching refs with %s"
+msgstr "nenhuma referência corresponde com %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:632
+msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr "mostrar os ramos de monitorização remotos e os ramos locais"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:634
+msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "mostrar os ramos de monitorização remotos"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:636
+msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
+msgstr "colorir '*!+-' correspondendo ao ramo"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:638
+msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
+msgstr "mostrar mais <n> commits depois do antecessor comum"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:640
+msgid "synonym to more=-1"
+msgstr "sinónimo de more=-1"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:641
+msgid "suppress naming strings"
+msgstr "suprimir a cadeias de caracteres de nomes"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:643
+msgid "include the current branch"
+msgstr "incluir o ramo atual"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:645
+msgid "name commits with their object names"
+msgstr "designar commits pelos seus nomes de objeto"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:647
+msgid "show possible merge bases"
+msgstr "mostrar possíveis bases de integração"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:649
+msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
+msgstr "mostrar referências inalcançáveis a partir de outras referências"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:651
+msgid "show commits in topological order"
+msgstr "mostrar commits em ordem topológica"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:654
+msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
+msgstr "mostrar apenas commits não presentes no primeiro ramo"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
+msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
+msgstr "mostrar integrações alcançáveis a partir duma única ponta"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:658
+msgid "topologically sort, maintaining date order where possible"
+msgstr ""
+"ordenar topologicamente, mantendo a ordenação por data sempre que possível"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:661
+msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
+msgstr "<n>[,<base>]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:662
+msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
+msgstr "mostrar as <n> entradas de ref-log mais recente a partir da base"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:696
+msgid ""
+"--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, --independent or --merge-base"
 msgstr ""
+"--reflog é incompatível com --all, --remotes, --independent or --merge-base"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:720
+msgid "no branches given, and HEAD is not valid"
+msgstr "nenhum ramo fornecido e HEAD não é válida"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:230
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:723
+msgid "--reflog option needs one branch name"
+msgstr "a opção --reflog precisa do nome de um ramo"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:726
 #, c-format
-msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
+msgid "only %d entry can be shown at one time."
+msgid_plural "only %d entries can be shown at one time."
+msgstr[0] "apenas %d entrada podem ser mostradas neste momento."
+msgstr[1] "apenas %d entradas podem ser mostradas neste momento."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such ref %s"
+msgstr "referência inexistente %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:814
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d rev."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d revs."
+msgstr[0] "não é possível processar mais do que %d revisão."
+msgstr[1] "não é possível processar mais do que %d revisões."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:818
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid ref."
+msgstr "'%s' não é uma referência válida."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:821
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot find commit %s (%s)"
+msgstr "não é possível encontrar o commit %s (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:10
+msgid ""
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<pattern>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<padrão>...]"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:11
+msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<padrão>]"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:159
+msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
+msgstr "mostrar apenas tags (pode ser combinado com heads)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:160
+msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
+msgstr "mostrar apenas cabeças (pode ser combinado com tags)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:161
+msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
+msgstr ""
+"verificação de referências mais rigorosa, requer o caminho exato da "
+"referência"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:164 builtin/show-ref.c:166
+msgid "show the HEAD reference, even if it would be filtered out"
+msgstr "mostrar a referência HEAD, mesmo que fosse filtrada"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
+msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
+msgstr "desreferenciar tags em IDs de objeto"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
+msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
+msgstr "mostrar hash SHA1 com <n> digitos"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:174
+msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
+msgstr "não imprimir resultados para o stdout (útil com --verify)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
+msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
+msgstr "mostrar referências do stdin que não estão no repositório local"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:17
+msgid "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:18
+msgid "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:35
+msgid "skip and remove all lines starting with comment character"
 msgstr ""
+"ignorar e remover todas as linhas começadas com um carácter de comentário"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:38
+msgid "prepend comment character and space to each line"
+msgstr "preceder cada linha com um carácter de comentário e um espaço"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:157
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:24 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1075
 #, c-format
-msgid "Missing author: %s"
-msgstr "Autor em falta: %s"
+msgid "No such ref: %s"
+msgstr "Referência inexistente: %s"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:60
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:31 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1084
 #, c-format
-msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgid "Expecting a full ref name, got %s"
+msgstr "Esperava-se um nome completo de uma referência, obteve-se %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:71
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possível tirar um componente do URL '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:305 builtin/submodule--helper.c:630
+msgid "alternative anchor for relative paths"
+msgstr "âncora alternativa para caminhos relativos"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:310
+msgid "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<caminho>] [<caminho>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:356 builtin/submodule--helper.c:382
+#, c-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '%s' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr "Nenhum URL encontrado para o caminho de submódulo '%s' em .gitmodules"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:395
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not lookup configuration '%s'. Assuming this repository is its own "
+"authoritative upstream."
+msgstr ""
+"não é possível encontrar configuração '%s'. Assumir que este repositório é o "
+"próprio repositório a montante autoritário."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:406
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "Falha ao registar o URL do caminho de submódulo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:410
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) registered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Submódulo '%s' (%s) registado com caminho '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:420
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: command update mode suggested for submodule '%s'\n"
+msgstr "aviso: modo de atualização do comando sugerido para o submódulo '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:427
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "Falha ao registar o modo de atualização do caminho de submódulo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:443
+msgid "Suppress output for initializing a submodule"
+msgstr "Suprimir a saída ao inicializar um submódulo"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:448
+msgid "git submodule--helper init [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper init [<caminho>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:476
+msgid "git submodule--helper name <path>"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper name <caminho>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:482
+#, c-format
+msgid "no submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '%s'"
 msgstr ""
+"nenhum mapeamento de submódulo do caminho '%s' encontrado em .gitmodules"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:207
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:565 builtin/submodule--helper.c:568
 #, c-format
-msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
+msgid "submodule '%s' cannot add alternate: %s"
+msgstr "o submódulo '%s' não pode adicionar sobressalente: %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:604
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateErrorStrategy is not recognized"
+msgstr "O valor '%s' de submodule.alternateErrorStrategy não é reconhecido"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:611
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateLocation is not recognized"
+msgstr "O valor '%s' de submodule.alternateLocation não é reconhecido"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:633
+msgid "where the new submodule will be cloned to"
+msgstr "sítio para aonde o novo submódulo será clonado"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:636
+msgid "name of the new submodule"
+msgstr "nome do novo submódulo"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:639
+msgid "url where to clone the submodule from"
+msgstr "url donde clonar o submódulos"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:645
+msgid "depth for shallow clones"
+msgstr "profundidade de clones rasos"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:648 builtin/submodule--helper.c:993
+msgid "force cloning progress"
+msgstr "forçar progresso da clonagem"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:653
+msgid ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<path>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<repository>] [--name <name>] [--depth <depth>] --url <url> --path <path>"
 msgstr ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<caminho>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<repositório>] [--name <nome>] [--depth <depth>] --url <url> --path <caminho>"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:212
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:684
 #, c-format
-msgid "tag '%s' not found."
-msgstr "etiqueta '%s' não foi encontrada."
+msgid "clone of '%s' into submodule path '%s' failed"
+msgstr "falha ao clonar '%s' no caminho de submódulo '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:227
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:699
 #, c-format
-msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgid "could not get submodule directory for '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível obter o diretório do submódulo de '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:764
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule path '%s' not initialized"
+msgstr "Caminho de submódulo '%s' não inicializado"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:768
+msgid "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr "Pretendia usar 'update --init'?"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:793
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping unmerged submodule %s"
+msgstr "A ignorar submódulo %s não integrado"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:814
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "A ignorar submódulo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:942
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s'. Retry scheduled"
+msgstr "Falha ao clonar '%s'. Nova tentativa agendada"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:953
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s' a second time, aborting"
+msgstr "Falha ao clonar '%s' pela segunda vez, abortado"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:974 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1162
+msgid "path into the working tree"
+msgstr "caminho para a árvore de trabalho"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:977
+msgid "path into the working tree, across nested submodule boundaries"
 msgstr ""
+"caminho para a árvore de trabalho, atravessando limites de submódulos "
+"aninhados"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:981
+msgid "rebase, merge, checkout or none"
+msgstr "rebase, merge, checkout ou none"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:239
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:985
+msgid "Create a shallow clone truncated to the specified number of revisions"
+msgstr "criar um clone raso, truncado ao número especificado de revisões"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:988
+msgid "parallel jobs"
+msgstr "trabalhos em paralelo"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:990
+msgid "whether the initial clone should follow the shallow recommendation"
+msgstr "se o clone inicial deve seguir a recomendação rasa"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:991
+msgid "don't print cloning progress"
+msgstr "não imprimir progresso da clonagem"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:998
+msgid "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<caminho>] [<caminho>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1008
+msgid "bad value for update parameter"
+msgstr "valor incorreto no parâmetro update"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1079
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule (%s) branch configured to inherit branch from superproject, but "
+"the superproject is not on any branch"
+msgstr ""
+"O ramo do submódulo (%s) foi configurado para herdar o ramo do superprojeto, "
+"mas o superprojeto não está em nenhum ramo"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1163
+msgid "recurse into submodules"
+msgstr "percorrer submódulos recursivamente"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1169
+msgid "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<caminho>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1226
+msgid "submodule--helper subcommand must be called with a subcommand"
+msgstr "o subcomando submodule--helper deve ser invocado com um subcomando"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1233
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
+msgid "%s doesn't support --super-prefix"
+msgstr "%s não suporta --super-prefix"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1239
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid submodule--helper subcommand"
+msgstr "'%s' não é um subcomando válido de submodule--helper"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:7
+msgid "git symbolic-ref [<options>] <name> [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref [<opções>] <nome> [<referência>]"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:8
+msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <name>"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <nome>"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40
+msgid "suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"
 msgstr ""
+"suprimir mensagens de erro sobre referências não-simbólicas (destacadas)"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:249
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:41
+msgid "delete symbolic ref"
+msgstr "eliminar referências simbólicas"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:42
+msgid "shorten ref output"
+msgstr "encurtar a apresentação de referências"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
+msgid "reason"
+msgstr "razão"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
+msgid "reason of the update"
+msgstr "razão da atualização"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:23
+msgid ""
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>] <tagname> "
+"[<head>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <id-chave>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <ficheiro>] <nome-da-"
+"tag> [<head>]"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:24
+msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -d <nome-da-tag>..."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:25
+msgid ""
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--no-contains <commit>] [--"
+"points-at <object>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<format>] [--[no-]merged [<commit>]] [<pattern>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--no-contains <commit>] "
+"[--points-at <objeto>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<formato>] [--[no-]merged [<commit>]] [<padrão>...]"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:27
+msgid "git tag -v [--format=<format>] <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -v [--format=<formato>] <nometag>..."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' not found."
+msgstr "tag '%s' não encontrada."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "Tag '%s' eliminada (era %s)\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:128
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Write a tag message\n"
-"# Lines starting with '#' will be ignored.\n"
-"#\n"
+"Write a message for tag:\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Escreva a mensagem da tag:\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Linha começadas com '%c' serão ignoradas.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:256
+#: builtin/tag.c:132
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Write a tag message\n"
-"# Lines starting with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
-"#\n"
+"Write a message for tag:\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
+"want to.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Escreva a mensagem da tag:\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Linhas começadas com '%c' serão mantidas; pode removê-las se o desejar.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:298
+#: builtin/tag.c:210
 msgid "unable to sign the tag"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível assinar a tag"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:300
+#: builtin/tag.c:212
 msgid "unable to write tag file"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível escrever o ficheiro da tag"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:325
+#: builtin/tag.c:236
 msgid "bad object type."
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:338
-msgid "tag header too big."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "tipo de objeto incorreto."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:370
+#: builtin/tag.c:282
 msgid "no tag message?"
-msgstr "nenhuma mensaje para a etiqueta?"
+msgstr "sem mensagem de tag?"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:376
+#: builtin/tag.c:289
 #, c-format
 msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "A mensagem da tag foi guardada em %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:312
+msgid "tag: tagging "
+msgstr "tag: a colocar tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:320
+msgid "object of unknown type"
+msgstr "objeto de tipo desconhecido"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:327
+msgid "commit object"
+msgstr "objeto commit"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:335
+msgid "tree object"
+msgstr "objeto árvore"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:338
+msgid "blob object"
+msgstr "objeto blob"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:341
+msgid "other tag object"
+msgstr "outro objeto tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:397
+msgid "list tag names"
+msgstr "listar os nomes das tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:399
+msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
+msgstr "imprimir <n> linhas de cada mensagem de tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:401
+msgid "delete tags"
+msgstr "eliminar tags"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:402
+msgid "verify tags"
+msgstr "verificar tags"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:404
+msgid "Tag creation options"
+msgstr "Opções de criação de tags"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:406
+msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
+msgstr "tag anotada, é necessário uma mensagem"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:408
+msgid "tag message"
+msgstr "mensagem da tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:410
+msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
+msgstr "tag anotada e assinada com GPG"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:414
+msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
+msgstr "usar outra chave para assinar a tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:415
+msgid "replace the tag if exists"
+msgstr "substituir a tag se esta existir"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:416 builtin/update-ref.c:368
+msgid "create a reflog"
+msgstr "criar um reflog"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:418
+msgid "Tag listing options"
+msgstr "Opções de listagem de tags"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:419
+msgid "show tag list in columns"
+msgstr "mostrar a lista de tags em colunas"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:420 builtin/tag.c:422
+msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
+msgstr "imprimir apenas tags que contenham o commit"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:421 builtin/tag.c:423
+msgid "print only tags that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "imprimir apenas tags que não contenham o commit"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:424
+msgid "print only tags that are merged"
+msgstr "imprimir apenas as tags que foram integradas"
 
 #: builtin/tag.c:425
-msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "print only tags that are not merged"
+msgstr "imprimir apenas as tags que não foram integradas"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:427
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/tag.c:430
+msgid "print only tags of the object"
+msgstr "imprimir apenas as tags do objeto"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:506
+#: builtin/tag.c:469
 msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
-msgstr "--column e -n are são incompatíveis"
+msgstr "--column e -n são incompatíveis"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:523
-msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/tag.c:491
+msgid "-n option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "a opção -n só é permitida no modo lista"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:525
-msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/tag.c:493
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "a opção --contains só é permitida no modo lista"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:527
-msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/tag.c:495
+msgid "--no-contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "a opção --contains só é permitida no modo lista"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:535
+#: builtin/tag.c:497
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "a opção --points-at só é permitida no modo lista"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:499
+msgid "--merged and --no-merged options are only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "as opções --merged e --no-merged só são permitidas no modo lista"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:510
 msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "só é permitido um opção -F ou -m."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:555
+#: builtin/tag.c:529
 msgid "too many params"
-msgstr "demasiado parametros"
+msgstr "demasiado parâmetros"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:561
+#: builtin/tag.c:535
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "'%s' não é um nome de tag válido."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:566
+#: builtin/tag.c:540
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
-msgstr "etiqueta '%s' já existe"
+msgstr "a tag '%s' já existe"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:584
+#: builtin/tag.c:570
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "Tag '%s' atualizada (era %s)\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:586
+#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:493
+msgid "Unpacking objects"
+msgstr "A descompactar objetos"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:79
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "failed to create directory %s"
+msgstr "falha ao criar o diretório %s"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:588
+#: builtin/update-index.c:85
 #, c-format
-msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "failed to stat %s"
+msgstr "falha ao invocar stat de %s"
 
-#: git.c:16
-msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/update-index.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create file %s"
+msgstr "falha ao criar o ficheiro %s"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:8
-msgid "Add file contents to the index"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/update-index.c:103
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete file %s"
+msgstr "falha ao eliminar o ficheiro %s"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:9
-msgid "Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/update-index.c:110 builtin/update-index.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete directory %s"
+msgstr "falha ao eliminar o diretório %s"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:10
-msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
-msgstr "Listar, criar ou apagar ramas"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "Testing mtime in '%s' "
+msgstr "A testar mtime em '%s' "
 
-#: common-cmds.h:11
-msgid "Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:149
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new file"
 msgstr ""
+"a informação de stat do diretório não mudou depois de adicionar um novo "
+"ficheiro"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:12
-msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:162
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new directory"
 msgstr ""
+"a informação de stat do diretório não mudou depois de adicionar um novo "
+"diretório"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:13
-msgid "Record changes to the repository"
-msgstr "Gravar alterações para o repositório"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:175
+msgid "directory stat info changes after updating a file"
+msgstr "a informação de stat mudou depois de atualizar um ficheiro"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:14
-msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:186
+msgid "directory stat info changes after adding a file inside subdirectory"
 msgstr ""
+"a informação de stat do diretório mudou depois de adicionar um ficheiro "
+"dentro dum subdiretório"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:15
-msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:197
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a file"
 msgstr ""
+"a informação de stat do diretório não mudou depois de eliminar um ficheiro"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:16
-msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:210
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a directory"
 msgstr ""
+"a informação de stat do diretório não mudou depois de eliminar um diretório"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:17
-msgid "Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/update-index.c:217
+msgid " OK"
+msgstr " OK"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:18
-msgid "Show commit logs"
-msgstr "Mostrado logs de commits"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:568
+msgid "git update-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git update-index [<opções>] [--] [<ficheiro>...]"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:19
-msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/update-index.c:923
+msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
+msgstr "continuar a refrescar mesmo quando o índice precise de ser atualizado"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:20
-msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/update-index.c:926
+msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
+msgstr "refrescar: ignorar submódulos"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:21
-msgid "Fetch from and merge with another repository or a local branch"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/update-index.c:929
+msgid "do not ignore new files"
+msgstr "não ignorar novos ficheiros"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:22
-msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/update-index.c:931
+msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
+msgstr "deixar que os ficheiros substituam os diretórios e vice-versa"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:23
-msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/update-index.c:933
+msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
+msgstr "avisar sobre ficheiros que faltem na árvore de trabalho"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:24
-msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/update-index.c:935
+msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
+msgstr "refrescar mesmo que o índice contenha entradas não integradas"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:25
-msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:938
+msgid "refresh stat information"
+msgstr "refrescar informação de stat"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:942
+msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
+msgstr "como --refresh, mas ignorar a definição assume-unchanged"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:946
+msgid "<mode>,<object>,<path>"
+msgstr "<modo>,<objeto>,<caminho>"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:947
+msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
+msgstr "adicionar o elemento especificado ao índice"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:956
+msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
+msgstr "marcar ficheiros como \"não alterados\""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:959
+msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
+msgstr "limpar o bit assumed-unchanged"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:962
+msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
+msgstr "marcar ficheiros como \"únicos do índice\""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:965
+msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
+msgstr "limpar o bit ignorar-árvore-de-trabalho"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:968
+msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
 msgstr ""
+"só adicionar ao índice; não adicionar o conteúdo à base de dados de objetos"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:26
-msgid "Show various types of objects"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:970
+msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
 msgstr ""
+"remover os caminhos mencionado mesmo se estiverem presentes na árvore de "
+"trabalho"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:27
-msgid "Show the working tree status"
-msgstr "Mostrar o estado los ramos das árvores de trabalho"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:972
+msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
+msgstr "com --stdin: as linhas da entrada são terminadas com bytes nulos"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:28
-msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:974
+msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
+msgstr "ler lista de caminho a atualizar da entrada padrão"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:978
+msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
+msgstr "adicionar elementos da entrada padrão ao índice"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:982
+msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
+msgstr "repovoar as fases nº2 e nº3 dos caminhos listados"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:986
+msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
+msgstr "atualizar apenas elementos que difiram de HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:990
+msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
+msgstr "ignorar ficheiros não presentes na árvore de trabalho"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:993
+msgid "report actions to standard output"
+msgstr "mostrar ações na saída padrão"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:995
+msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
 msgstr ""
+"(para porcelanas) esquecer conflitos guardados que não foram resolvidos"
 
-#: git-am.sh:50
-msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
-msgstr "Necessitas primeiro de especificiar os teus dados de committer"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:999
+msgid "write index in this format"
+msgstr "escrever o índice neste formato"
 
-#: git-am.sh:137
-msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1001
+msgid "enable or disable split index"
+msgstr "ativar ou desativar a divisão do índice"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1003
+msgid "enable/disable untracked cache"
+msgstr "ativar ou desativar cache não controlada"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1005
+msgid "test if the filesystem supports untracked cache"
+msgstr "testar se o sistema de ficheiros suporta cache não controlada"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1007
+msgid "enable untracked cache without testing the filesystem"
+msgstr "ativar cache não controlada sem testar o sistema de ficheiros"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1107
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"enable split index"
 msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex está definida como false; remova ou altere-a se pretende "
+"mesmo ativar índice separado"
 
-#: git-am.sh:154
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1116
 msgid ""
-"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
-"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+"core.splitIndex is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"disable split index"
 msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex está definida como true; remova ou altere-a se pretende "
+"mesmo desativar índice separado"
 
-#: git-am.sh:163
-msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1127
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to disable the untracked cache"
 msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache está definida como true; remova ou altere-a se pretende "
+"mesmo desativar a cache não controlada"
 
-#: git-am.sh:275
-msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1131
+msgid "Untracked cache disabled"
+msgstr "A cache não controlada está desativada"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1139
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to enable the untracked cache"
 msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache está definida como false; remova ou altere-a se pretende "
+"mesmo ativar a cache não controlada"
 
-#: git-am.sh:362
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1143
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked cache enabled for '%s'"
+msgstr "A cache não controlada de '%s' foi ativada."
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:9
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] -d <refname> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<opções>] -d <nome-da-referência> [<valor-antigo>]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:10
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>]    <refname> <new-val> [<old-val>]"
 msgstr ""
+"git update-ref [<opções>]    <nome-da-referência> <novo-valor> [<valor-"
+"antigo>]"
 
-#: git-am.sh:364
-msgid "Patch format detection failed."
-msgstr "Falhou a detecção do formato do patch."
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:11
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] --stdin [-z]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<opções>] --stdin [-z]"
 
-#: git-am.sh:418
-msgid "-d option is no longer supported.  Do not use."
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
+msgid "delete the reference"
+msgstr "eliminar a referência"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:365
+msgid "update <refname> not the one it points to"
 msgstr ""
+"atualizar a referência <nome-da-referência>, não a referência que esta aponta"
 
-#: git-am.sh:481
-#, sh-format
-msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:366
+msgid "stdin has NUL-terminated arguments"
+msgstr "os argumentos da entrada padrão terminam em NUL"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:367
+msgid "read updates from stdin"
+msgstr "ler atualizações da entrada padrão"
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:6
+msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
+msgstr "git update-server-info [--force]"
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:14
+msgid "update the info files from scratch"
+msgstr "atualizar os ficheiros de informação do zero"
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:17
+msgid "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <commit>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:72
+msgid "print commit contents"
+msgstr "imprimir conteúdo do commit"
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:73 builtin/verify-tag.c:37
+msgid "print raw gpg status output"
+msgstr "imprimir informação do gpg em bruto"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:54
+msgid "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <pack>..."
+msgstr "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <pack>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:64
+msgid "verbose"
+msgstr "verboso"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:66
+msgid "show statistics only"
+msgstr "mostrar apenas estatísticas"
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:18
+msgid "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<format>] <tag>..."
+msgstr "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<formato>] <tag>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:36
+msgid "print tag contents"
+msgstr "imprimir conteúdo da tag"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:15
+msgid "git worktree add [<options>] <path> [<branch>]"
+msgstr "git worktree add [<opções>] <caminho> [<ramo>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:16
+msgid "git worktree list [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree list [<opções>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:17
+msgid "git worktree lock [<options>] <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree lock [<opções>] <caminho>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:18
+msgid "git worktree prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree prune [<opções>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:19
+msgid "git worktree unlock <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree unlock <caminho>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:42
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: not a valid directory"
+msgstr "A remover worktrees/%s: diretório inválido"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:48
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file does not exist"
+msgstr "A remover worktrees/%s: o ficheiro gitdir não existe"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:53
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: unable to read gitdir file (%s)"
+msgstr "A remover worktrees/%s: não é possível ler o ficheiro gitdir (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:64
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: invalid gitdir file"
+msgstr "A remover worktrees/%s: ficheiro gitdir inválido"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:80
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file points to non-existent location"
 msgstr ""
+"A remover worktrees/%s: o ficheiro gitdir aponta para uma localização "
+"inexistente"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:128
+msgid "report pruned working trees"
+msgstr "reportar árvores de trabalho podadas"
 
-#: git-am.sh:486
-msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
+#: builtin/worktree.c:130
+msgid "expire working trees older than <time>"
+msgstr "expirar árvores de trabalho mais antigos que <tempo>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:204
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' already exists"
+msgstr "'%s' já existe"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory of '%s'"
+msgstr "não foi possível criar o diretório de '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing %s (identifier %s)"
+msgstr "A preparar %s (identificador %s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:324
+msgid "checkout <branch> even if already checked out in other worktree"
 msgstr ""
+"extrair o <ramo> mesmo se já tenha sido extraído noutra árvore de trabalho"
 
-#: git-am.sh:513
-msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+#: builtin/worktree.c:326
+msgid "create a new branch"
+msgstr "criar um novo ramo"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:328
+msgid "create or reset a branch"
+msgstr "criar ou repor um ramo"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:330
+msgid "populate the new working tree"
+msgstr "povoar a nova árvore de trabalho"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:338
+msgid "-b, -B, and --detach are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-b, -B e --detach são mutuamente exclusivos"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:473
+msgid "reason for locking"
+msgstr "razão de trancar"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:485 builtin/worktree.c:518
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a working tree"
+msgstr "'%s' não é uma árvore de trabalho"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:487 builtin/worktree.c:520
+msgid "The main working tree cannot be locked or unlocked"
+msgstr "A árvore de trabalho principal não pode ser trancada nem destrancada"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:492
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked, reason: %s"
+msgstr "'%s' já está trancada, razão: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:494
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked"
+msgstr "'%s' já está trancada"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:522
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not locked"
+msgstr "'%s' não está trancada"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:13
+msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
+msgstr "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefixo>/]"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:26
+msgid "<prefix>/"
+msgstr "<prefixo>/"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
+msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
+msgstr "escrever objeto árvore do subdiretório <prefixo>"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:30
+msgid "only useful for debugging"
+msgstr "apenas útil para depuração"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:22
+msgid "git upload-pack [<options>] <dir>"
+msgstr "git upload-pack [<opções>] <dir>"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:1040
+msgid "quit after a single request/response exchange"
+msgstr "terminar depois de uma única troca de pedido/resposta"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:1042
+msgid "exit immediately after initial ref advertisement"
+msgstr "sair imediatamente depois do anúncio inicial da referência"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:1044
+msgid "do not try <directory>/.git/ if <directory> is no Git directory"
+msgstr "não tentar <diretório>/.git/ se o <diretório> não for um diretório Git"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:1046
+msgid "interrupt transfer after <n> seconds of inactivity"
+msgstr "interromper transferência depois de <n> segundos de inatividade"
+
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:223
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The permissions on your socket directory are too loose; other\n"
+"users may be able to read your cached credentials. Consider running:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
 msgstr ""
+"As permissões do diretório do socket são demasiado fracas; outros\n"
+"utilizadores poderão conseguir as suas credenciais em cache. Considere "
+"executar:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
 
-#: git-am.sh:579
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:271
+msgid "print debugging messages to stderr"
+msgstr "imprimir mensagens de depuração no stderr"
+
+#: git.c:14
+msgid ""
+"'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some\n"
+"concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
+"to read about a specific subcommand or concept."
 msgstr ""
+"'git help -a' e 'git help -g' listam os subcomandos disponíveis e alguns\n"
+"guias de conceitos. Consulte 'git help <comando>' ou 'git help <conceito>'\n"
+"para ler sobre um subcomando ou conceito específico."
 
-#: git-am.sh:755
-msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+#: http.c:355
+msgid "Delegation control is not supported with cURL < 7.22.0"
+msgstr "Não é suportado delegar controlo com cURL < 7.22.0"
+
+#: http.c:364
+msgid "Public key pinning not supported with cURL < 7.44.0"
+msgstr "Não é suportado afixar chaves públicas com cURL < 7.44.0"
+
+#: http.c:1755
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unable to update url base from redirection:\n"
+"  asked for: %s\n"
+"   redirect: %s"
 msgstr ""
+"não é possível atualizar base de url de redireção:\n"
+"  pedido para: %s\n"
+"    redireção: %s"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
-#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
-#. input at this point.
-#: git-am.sh:766
-msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
-msgstr "Aplicar? Sim[y]/[n]ão/[e]ditar/[v]er patch/[a]ceitar todos "
+#: remote-curl.c:323
+#, c-format
+msgid "redirecting to %s"
+msgstr "a redirecionar para %s "
 
-#: git-am.sh:802
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
-msgstr "Aplicando: $FIRSTLINE"
+#: common-cmds.h:9
+msgid "start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)"
+msgstr "iniciar uma área de trabalho (consulte também: git help tutorial)"
 
-#: git-am.sh:847
-msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
-msgstr "Nenhuma mudança -- Já foi aplicado o patch."
+#: common-cmds.h:10
+msgid "work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)"
+msgstr "trabalhar na alteração atual (consulte também: git help everyday)"
 
-#: git-am.sh:873
-msgid "applying to an empty history"
+#: common-cmds.h:11
+msgid "examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)"
+msgstr "examinar o histórico e estado (consulte também: git help revisions)"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:12
+msgid "grow, mark and tweak your common history"
+msgstr "aumentar, marcar e ajustar o seu histórico comum"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:13
+msgid "collaborate (see also: git help workflows)"
+msgstr "colaborar (consulte também: git help workflows)"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:17
+msgid "Add file contents to the index"
+msgstr "Adicionar conteúdos de ficheiros ao índice"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:18
+msgid "Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug"
+msgstr "Use procura binário para encontrar o commit que introduziu um bug"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:19
+msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
+msgstr "Listar, criar ou eliminar ramos"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:20
+msgid "Switch branches or restore working tree files"
+msgstr "Mudar de ramos ou restaurar os ficheiros da árvore de trabalho"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:21
+msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
+msgstr "Clonar um repositório num novo diretório"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:22
+msgid "Record changes to the repository"
+msgstr "Gravar alterações no repositório"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:23
+msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
 msgstr ""
+"Mostrar alterações entre commits, entre commit e árvore de trabalho, etc"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:24
+msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
+msgstr "Transferir objetos e referências doutro repositório"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:25
+msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
+msgstr "Imprimir linhas que correspondam a um padrão"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:26
+msgid "Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
+msgstr "Criar um repositório Git vazio ou reinicializar um já existente"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:27
+msgid "Show commit logs"
+msgstr "Mostrar histórico de commits"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:28
+msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
+msgstr "Juntar duas ou mais histórias de desenvolvimento numa só"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:29
+msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
+msgstr "Mover ou mudar o nome de um ficheiro, diretório ou ligação simbólica"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:30
+msgid "Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch"
+msgstr "Obter e integrar com outro repositório ou outro ramo local"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:31
+msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
+msgstr "Atualizar referências remotas juntamente com objetos associados"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:32
+msgid "Reapply commits on top of another base tip"
+msgstr "Reaplicar commits no topo de outra base"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:33
+msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
+msgstr "Repor a HEAD atual no estado especificado"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:34
+msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
+msgstr "Remover ficheiros da árvore de trabalho e do índice"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:35
+msgid "Show various types of objects"
+msgstr "Mostrar vários tipos objetos"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:36
+msgid "Show the working tree status"
+msgstr "Mostrar o estado da árvores de trabalho"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:37
+msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
+msgstr "Criar, listar, eliminar ou verificar um objeto tag assinado com GPG"
+
+#: parse-options.h:145
+msgid "expiry-date"
+msgstr "data-de-validade"
+
+#: parse-options.h:160
+msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
+msgstr "sem-ação (retrocompatibilidade)"
+
+#: parse-options.h:238
+msgid "be more verbose"
+msgstr "ser mais verboso"
+
+#: parse-options.h:240
+msgid "be more quiet"
+msgstr "ser mais silencioso"
+
+#: parse-options.h:246
+msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
+msgstr "usar <n> dígitos para mostrar SHA-1s"
+
+#: rerere.h:40
+msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
+msgstr ""
+"atualizar o índice com resoluções de conflitos reutilizadas se possível"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
+msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
+msgstr "Deve começar por executar \"git bisect start\""
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:54
+#: git-bisect.sh:60
 msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
-msgstr "Queres que eu faça por sí [Y/n]?"
+msgstr "Quer que o Git o faça por si [Y/n]? "
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#: git-bisect.sh:121
 #, sh-format
 msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "opção não reconhecida: '$arg'"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#: git-bisect.sh:125
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "'$arg' não parecer ser uma revisão válida"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:117
+#: git-bisect.sh:154
 msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "HEAD incorreta - é necessário uma HEAD"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#: git-bisect.sh:167
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+msgid ""
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <valid-branch>'."
 msgstr ""
+"Falha ao extrair '$start_head'. Tente 'git bisect reset <ramo-válido>'."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:140
-msgid "won't bisect on seeked tree"
-msgstr ""
+#: git-bisect.sh:177
+msgid "won't bisect on cg-seek'ed tree"
+msgstr "não é possível bissetar numa árvore \"cg-seek'ed\""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:144
+#: git-bisect.sh:181
 msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "HEAD incorreta - referência simbólica desconhecida"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#: git-bisect.sh:233
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Argumento de bisect_write incorreto: $state"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#: git-bisect.sh:262
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Revisão incorreta na entrada: $arg"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:232
-msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
-msgstr ""
+#: git-bisect.sh:281
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $bisected_head"
+msgstr "Revisão incorreta na entrada: $bisected_head"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#: git-bisect.sh:290
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Revisão incorreta na entrada: $rev"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:250
-msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
-msgstr ""
+#: git-bisect.sh:299
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' can take only one argument."
+msgstr "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' só leva um argumento."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:322
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a $TERM_BAD commit."
+msgstr "Aviso: a bissetar só com um commit $TERM_BAD."
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:279
+#: git-bisect.sh:328
 msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
-msgstr "Tens a certeza [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "Tem a certeza [Y/n]? "
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:354
+#: git-bisect.sh:340
 #, sh-format
-msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
+msgid ""
+"You need to give me at least one $bad_syn and one $good_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
+msgstr ""
+"Deve indicar pelo menos uma revisão $bad_syn e uma revisão $good_syn.\n"
+"(Pode usar \"git bisect $bad_syn\" e \"git bisect $good_syn\" para esse fim.)"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:343
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
+"You then need to give me at least one $good_syn and one $bad_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
+"Deve começar por executar \"git bisect start\".\n"
+"Indique pelo menos uma revisão $good_syn e uma revisão $bad_syn.\n"
+"(Pode usar \"git bisect $bad_syn\" e \"git bisect $good_syn\" para esse fim.)"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:414 git-bisect.sh:546
+msgid "We are not bisecting."
+msgstr "Não se está a bissetar."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:363
+#: git-bisect.sh:421
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
+msgstr "'$invalid' não é um commit válido"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:430
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
 "Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
 msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível extrair a HEAD original de '$branch'.\n"
+"Tente 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:390
+#: git-bisect.sh:458
 msgid "No logfile given"
-msgstr "Nenhum ficheiro de log dado"
+msgstr "Nenhum ficheiro de log fornecido"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:391
+#: git-bisect.sh:459
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não é possível ler $file para reproduzir"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:408
+#: git-bisect.sh:480
 msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
+msgstr "?? do que é que está a falar?"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:492
+#, sh-format
+msgid "running $command"
+msgstr "a executar $command"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:499
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"exit code $res from '$command' is < 0 or >= 128"
 msgstr ""
+"falha ao bissetar:\n"
+"código de saída $res de '$command' é < 0 ou >= 128"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:474
-msgid "We are not bisecting."
-msgstr "Não estamos a bisseccionar."
+#: git-bisect.sh:525
+msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
+msgstr "não é possível continuar a bissetar"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:21
+#: git-bisect.sh:531
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
-"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
-"as appropriate to mark resolution, or use 'git commit -a'."
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"'bisect_state $state' exited with error code $res"
+msgstr ""
+"falha ao bissetar:\n"
+"'bisect_state $state' retornou com o código de erro $res"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:538
+msgid "bisect run success"
+msgstr "bissecção concluída com sucesso"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:565
+msgid "please use two different terms"
+msgstr "use dois termos diferentes"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:575
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$term' is not a valid term"
+msgstr "'$term' não é um termo válido"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:578
+#, sh-format
+msgid "can't use the builtin command '$term' as a term"
+msgstr "não é possível usar o comando '$term' como um termo"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:587 git-bisect.sh:593
+#, sh-format
+msgid "can't change the meaning of term '$term'"
+msgstr "não é possível alterar o significado do termo '$term'"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:606
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Invalid command: you're currently in a $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD bisect."
 msgstr ""
+"Comando inválido: está-se a bissetar usando os termos $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:25
-msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+#: git-bisect.sh:636
+msgid "no terms defined"
+msgstr "nenhum termo definido"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:653
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"invalid argument $arg for 'git bisect terms'.\n"
+"Supported options are: --term-good|--term-old and --term-bad|--term-new."
 msgstr ""
+"argumento inválido $arg de 'git bisect terms'.\n"
+"Opções suportadas: --term-good|--term-old e --term-bad|--term-new."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:197
-msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:46
+msgid ""
+"Error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by "
+"merge"
 msgstr ""
+"Erro: As suas alterações locais nos seguintes ficheiros seriam substituídas "
+"ao integrar"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:61
+msgid "Automated merge did not work."
+msgstr "A integração automática não funcionou."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:62
+msgid "Should not be doing an octopus."
+msgstr "Não se deviria estar a fazer um polvo."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:73
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find common commit with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Não é possível encontrar commit comum com $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:77
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Already up-to-date with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Já está atualizado com $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding to: $pretty_name"
+msgstr "A avançar rapidamente para: $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:97
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Trying simple merge with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "A tentar integração simples com $pretty_name"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:253
-msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:102
+msgid "Simple merge did not work, trying automatic merge."
+msgstr "A integração simples não funcionou, a tentar integração automática."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:57
+msgid ""
+"When you have resolved this problem, run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"git rebase --skip\" instead.\n"
+"To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run \"git rebase --abort"
+"\"."
 msgstr ""
+"Depois de resolver este problema, execute \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"Se prefere ignorar este patch, execute \"git rebase --skip\".\n"
+"Para extrair o ramo original e interromper o rebase, execute \"git rebase --"
+"abort\"."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:257
-msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
-msgstr "Não é possível fazer rebase com várias ramas"
+#: git-rebase.sh:157 git-rebase.sh:396
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
+msgstr "Não foi possível voltar para $head_name"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:51
-msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
+#: git-rebase.sh:171
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot store $stash_sha1"
+msgstr "Não é possível guardar $stash_sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:211
+msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
+msgstr "Rebase recusado pelo hook pre-rebase."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:216
+msgid "It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase."
+msgstr "Parece que o git-am está em curso. Não é possível efetuar rebase."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:357
+msgid "No rebase in progress?"
+msgstr "Rebase não está em curso?"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:368
+msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
+msgstr "A ação --edit-todo só pode ser usada durante um rebase interativo."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:375
+msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "Não é possível ler HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:378
+msgid ""
+"You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
+"mark them as resolved using git add"
 msgstr ""
+"Deve editar todos os conflitos da integração\n"
+"e marcá-los como resolvidos usando git add"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:418
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
+"I wonder if you are in the middle of another rebase.  If that is the\n"
+"case, please try\n"
+"\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
+"If that is not the case, please\n"
+"\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
+"and run me again.  I am stopping in case you still have something\n"
+"valuable there."
+msgstr ""
+"Parece que já existe um diretório $state_dir_base e\n"
+"é possível que outro processo de rebase já esteja em curso.\n"
+"Se for o caso, tente\n"
+"\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
+"Se não for o caso,\n"
+"\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
+"e execute o comando de novo. A execução foi interrompida no caso de\n"
+"ainda ter algo importante nesse sítio."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:469
+#, sh-format
+msgid "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
+msgstr "$upstream_name a montante inválido"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:493
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
+msgstr "$onto_name: há mais do que uma base de integração"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:496 git-rebase.sh:500
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
+msgstr "$onto_name: não há nenhuma base de integração"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:505
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
+msgstr "Não aponta para um commit válido: $onto_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:528
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: no such branch: $branch_name"
+msgstr "fatal: ramo inexistente: $branch_name"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:74
+#: git-rebase.sh:561
+msgid "Cannot autostash"
+msgstr "Não é possível empilhar automaticamente (autostash)"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:566
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Created autostash: $stash_abbrev"
+msgstr "Pilha automática (autostash) criada: $stash_abbrev"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:570
+msgid "Please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "Submeta ou esconda-as."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:590
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
+msgstr "O ramo atual $branch_name está atualizado."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:594
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr "O ramo atual $branch_name está atualizado, rebase forçado."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:605
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
+msgstr "Alterações de $mb para $onto:"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:614
+msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
+msgstr ""
+"Primeiro, a recuar a cabeça para replicar as suas alterações no topo dela..."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:624
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
+msgstr "$branch_name avançado rapidamente para $onto_name."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:53
+msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
+msgstr "não está implementado git stash clear com parâmetros"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:94
 msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
-msgstr "Tu ainda não tens o commit inicial"
+msgstr "O commit inicial ainda não existe"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:89
+#: git-stash.sh:109
 msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não é possível guardar o estado atual do índice"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:124
+msgid "Cannot save the untracked files"
+msgstr "Não é possível guardar os ficheiros não controlados"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:123
-#: git-stash.sh:136
+#: git-stash.sh:144 git-stash.sh:157
 msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não é possível guardar o estado atual da árvore de trabalho"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:140
+#: git-stash.sh:161
 msgid "No changes selected"
-msgstr "Não há alterações seleccionadas"
+msgstr "Nenhuma alteração selecionada"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:143
+#: git-stash.sh:164
 msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não é possível remover o índice temporário (não pode acontecer)"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:156
+#: git-stash.sh:177
 msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
+msgstr "Não é possível gravar o estado da árvore de trabalho"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:209
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot update $ref_stash with $w_commit"
+msgstr "Não é possível atualizar $ref_stash com $w_commit"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: $option is an invalid option, like
+#. `--blah-blah'. The 7 spaces at the beginning of the
+#. second line correspond to "error: ". So you should line
+#. up the second line with however many characters the
+#. translation of "error: " takes in your language. E.g. in
+#. English this is:
+#.
+#. $ git stash save --blah-blah 2>&1 | head -n 2
+#. error: unknown option for 'stash save': --blah-blah
+#. To provide a message, use git stash save -- '--blah-blah'
+#: git-stash.sh:265
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
+"       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
+msgstr ""
+"erro: opção desconhecida de 'stash save': $option\n"
+"      Para fornecer uma mensagem, use git stash save -- '$option'"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:278
+msgid "Can't use --patch and --include-untracked or --all at the same time"
 msgstr ""
+"Não é possível usar --patch e --include-untracked ou --all ao mesmo tempo"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:223
+#: git-stash.sh:286
 msgid "No local changes to save"
-msgstr "Sem alterações locais para guardar"
+msgstr "Não há alterações locais para guardar"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:227
+#: git-stash.sh:291
 msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
-msgstr "Não é possível inicializar o stash"
+msgstr "Não é possível inicializar a pilha"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:235
+#: git-stash.sh:295
 msgid "Cannot save the current status"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não é possível guardar o estado atual"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:296
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Saved working directory and index state $stash_msg"
+msgstr "Diretório de trabalho e estado do índice $stash_msg guardados"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:253
+#: git-stash.sh:323
 msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não é possível remover as alterações da árvore de trabalho"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:352
+#: git-stash.sh:471
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unknown option: $opt"
+msgstr "opção desconhecido: $opt"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:484
 msgid "No stash found."
-msgstr "nenhum stash encontrado."
+msgstr "Nenhuma pilha encontrada."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:359
+#: git-stash.sh:491
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Demasiadas revisões especificadas: $REV"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:365
+#: git-stash.sh:506
 #, sh-format
-msgid "$reference is not valid reference"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "$reference is not a valid reference"
+msgstr "$reference não é uma referência válida"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:393
+#: git-stash.sh:534
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "'$args' não é um commit semelhante a pilha"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:404
+#: git-stash.sh:545
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "'$args' não é uma referência de pilha"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:412
+#: git-stash.sh:553
 msgid "unable to refresh index"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "não foi possível refrescar o índice"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:416
+#: git-stash.sh:557
 msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não é possível aplicar uma pilha durante uma integração"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:424
+#: git-stash.sh:565
 msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Conflitos no índice. Tente sem --index."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:426
+#: git-stash.sh:567
 msgid "Could not save index tree"
-msgstr "Não foi posivel guardar o index tree"
+msgstr "Não foi possível guardar árvore do índice"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:460
+#: git-stash.sh:576
+msgid "Could not restore untracked files from stash"
+msgstr "Não foi possível restaurar os ficheiros não controlados da pilha"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:601
 msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não é possível despreparar os ficheiros modificado"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:491
+#: git-stash.sh:616
+msgid "Index was not unstashed."
+msgstr "O índice não foi reposto."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:630
+msgid "The stash is kept in case you need it again."
+msgstr "A pilha é guarda no caso de precisar dela de novo."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:639
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
-msgstr "Deixado cair ${REV} ($s)"
+msgstr "A descartar ${REV} ($s)"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:492
+#: git-stash.sh:640
 #, sh-format
 msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "${REV}: Não foi possível descartar elemento da pilha"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:499
+#: git-stash.sh:648
 msgid "No branch name specified"
-msgstr "Nenhum nome para a rama especificado"
+msgstr "Nenhum nome de ramo especificado"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:570
+#: git-stash.sh:727
 msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "(Para os restaurar execute \"git stash apply\")"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:56
-#, sh-format
-msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
+#: git-submodule.sh:181
+msgid "Relative path can only be used from the toplevel of the working tree"
 msgstr ""
+"Os caminhos relativos só podem ser usados a partir do topo da árvore de "
+"trabalho"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:109
+#: git-submodule.sh:191
 #, sh-format
-msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
+msgstr "URL do repositório: '$repo' deve ser absoluto ou começar com ./|../"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:150
+#: git-submodule.sh:210
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' já existe no índice"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:160
+#: git-submodule.sh:213
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index and is not a submodule"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' já existe no índicee não é um submódulo"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:249
+#: git-submodule.sh:218
 #, sh-format
-msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
+msgid ""
+"The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"Use -f if you really want to add it."
 msgstr ""
+"O seguinte caminho foi ignorado por um ficheiro .gitignore:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"Use -f se pretende mesmo adicioná-lo."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:266
+#: git-submodule.sh:236
 #, sh-format
-msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
+msgstr "A adicionar repositório existente em '$sm_path' ao índice"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:283
+#: git-submodule.sh:238
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' já existe e não é uma repositório git válido"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:246
+#, sh-format
+msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
 msgstr ""
+"Um diretório git de '$sm_name' foi encontrado localmente com os remotos:"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:248
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct "
+"repo\n"
+"or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
+"option."
+msgstr ""
+"Se quer reutilizar este diretório git local em vez de clonar de novo de\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"use a opção '--force'. Se o diretório git local não é o repo correto\n"
+"ou não tem a certeza o que isto significa escolha outro nome com a opção '--"
+"name'."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:254
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
+msgstr "A reativar o diretório git local do submódulo '$sm_name'."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:297
+#: git-submodule.sh:266
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Não foi possível extrair o submódulo '$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:302
+#: git-submodule.sh:271
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Falha ao adicionar o submódulo '$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:307
+#: git-submodule.sh:280
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Falha ao registar o submódulo '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:341
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Entering '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "A entrar em '$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:361
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopping at '$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
 msgstr ""
+"Interrompido em '$displaypath'; o script retornou um valor diferente de zero."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:349
+#: git-submodule.sh:432
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Entering '$prefix$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Entrando '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgid "pathspec and --all are incompatible"
+msgstr "especificador de caminho e --all são incompatíveis"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:363
+#: git-submodule.sh:437
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Stopping at '$sm_path'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgid "Use '--all' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
 msgstr ""
+"Use '--all' se pretende mesmo anular a inicialização todos os submódulos"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:405
+#: git-submodule.sh:457
 #, sh-format
-msgid "No url found for submodule path '$sm_path' in .gitmodules"
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains a .git directory\n"
+"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
 msgstr ""
+"A árvore de trabalho do submódulo '$displaypath' contém um diretório .git\n"
+"(use 'rm -rf' se pretende mesmo removê-lo, incluindo todo o seu histórico)"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:414
+#: git-submodule.sh:465
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains local modifications; use '-f' to "
+"discard them"
 msgstr ""
+"A árvore de trabalho do submódulo '$displaypath' contém alterações locais; "
+"use '-f' para as descartar"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:468
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cleared directory '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Diretório '$displaypath' limpo"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:469
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '$displaypath'"
+msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível remover a árvore de trabalho do submódulo '$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:472
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not create empty submodule directory '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Não foi possível criar o diretório vazio do submódulo '$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:422
+#: git-submodule.sh:481
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
+"O registo do submódulo '$name' ($url) foi removido do caminho '$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:424
+#: git-submodule.sh:637
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível encontrar a revisão atual no caminho de submódulo "
+"'$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:523
+#: git-submodule.sh:647
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Não foi possível obter no caminho de submódulo '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:652
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Submodule path '$sm_path' not initialized\n"
-"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+"Unable to find current ${remote_name}/${branch} revision in submodule path "
+"'$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível encontrar a revisão atual ${remote_name}/${branch} no "
+"caminho de submódulo '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:670
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Não é possível obter no caminho de submódulo '$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:536
+#: git-submodule.sh:676
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid ""
+"Fetched in submodule path '$displaypath', but it did not contain $sha1. "
+"Direct fetching of that commit failed."
 msgstr ""
+"Obteve-se no caminho de submódulo '$displaypath', mas não continha $sha1. "
+"Falha ao obter aquele commit diretamente."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:555
+#: git-submodule.sh:683
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Não é possível extrair '$sha1' no caminho de submódulo '$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:684
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Caminho de submódulo '$displaypath': '$sha1' extraído"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:688
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível efetuar rebase de '$sha1' no caminho de submódulo "
+"'$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:569
+#: git-submodule.sh:689
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Caminho de submódulo '$displaypath': rebase concluído em '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:694
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Não é possível integrar '$sha1' no caminho de submódulo '$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:695
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Caminho de submódulo '$displaypath': integrado em '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:700
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
+"Falha ao executar '$command $sha1' no caminho de submódulo '$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:701
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': '$command $sha1'"
+msgstr "Caminho de submódulo '$displaypath': '$command $sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:732
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Falha ao percorrer o caminho de submódulo '$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:840
+msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
+msgstr "A opção --cached não pode ser usada com a opção --files"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:892
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
+msgstr "modo inesperado $mod_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:912
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgstr "  Aviso: $display_name não contém o commit $sha1_src"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:915
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  Warn: $display_name não contém o commit $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:918
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  Warn: $display_name contém os commits $sha1_src e $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:1064
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Falha ao percorrer recursivamente o caminho de submódulo '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:1136
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "A sincronizar o URL do submódulo '$displaypath'"
+
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "See git-${cmd}(1) for details."
+msgstr "Consulte git-${cmd}(1) para obter mais detalhes."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:570
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:140
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgid "Rebasing ($new_count/$total)"
+msgstr "A rebasear ($new_count/$total)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:156
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Commands:\n"
+" p, pick = use commit\n"
+" r, reword = use commit, but edit the commit message\n"
+" e, edit = use commit, but stop for amending\n"
+" s, squash = use commit, but meld into previous commit\n"
+" f, fixup = like \"squash\", but discard this commit's log message\n"
+" x, exec = run command (the rest of the line) using shell\n"
+" d, drop = remove commit\n"
+"\n"
+"These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Comandos:\n"
+" p, pick = usar commit\n"
+" r, reword = usar commit, mas editar a mensagem de commit\n"
+" e, edit = usar commit, mas parar para emendar\n"
+" s, squash = usar commit, mas fundir com o commit anterior\n"
+" f, fixup = como \"squash\", mas descartar a mensagem deste commit\n"
+" x, exec = executar o comando (o resto da linha) usando a shell\n"
+" d, drop = remover commit\n"
+"\n"
+"Estas linhas pode ser reordenadas; são executadas de cima para baixo.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:171
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Do not remove any line. Use 'drop' explicitly to remove a commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Não remover nenhum linha. Use 'drop' explicitamente para remover um commit.\n"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:575
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:175
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Se remover uma linha daqui AQUELE COMMIT SER� PERDIDO.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:211
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid ""
+"You can amend the commit now, with\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Once you are satisfied with your changes, run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 msgstr ""
+"Pode emendar o commit agora, com\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Assim que estiver satisfeito com as alterações, execute\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:236
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$sha1: not a commit that can be picked"
+msgstr "$sha1: não é um commit que se possa apanhar"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:576
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:275
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgid "Invalid commit name: $sha1"
+msgstr "Nome de commit inválido: $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:317
+msgid "Cannot write current commit's replacement sha1"
+msgstr "Não é possível escrever o sha1 substituto do commit"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:369
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "Avanço-rápido para $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:371
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "Não é possível avançar rapidamente para $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:380
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot move HEAD to $first_parent"
+msgstr "Não é possível mover HEAD para $first_parent"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:385
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Refusing to squash a merge: $sha1"
+msgstr "Recusa-se a esmagar uma integração: $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:399
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Error redoing merge $sha1"
+msgstr "Erro ao refazer integração $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:407
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not pick $sha1"
+msgstr "Não foi possível apanhar $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:416
+#, sh-format
+msgid "This is the commit message #${n}:"
+msgstr "Esta é a mensagem de commit nº${n}:"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:421
+#, sh-format
+msgid "The commit message #${n} will be skipped:"
+msgstr "A mensagem de commit nº${n} será ignorada:"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:432
+#, sh-format
+msgid "This is a combination of $count commit."
+msgid_plural "This is a combination of $count commits."
+msgstr[0] "Isto é a combinação de $count commit."
+msgstr[1] "Isto é a combinação de $count commits."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:441
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot write $fixup_msg"
+msgstr "Não é possível escrever $fixup_msg"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:444
+msgid "This is a combination of 2 commits."
+msgstr "Isto é a combinação de 2 commits."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:485 git-rebase--interactive.sh:528
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:531
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
+msgstr "Não foi possível aplicar $sha1... $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:559
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not amend commit after successfully picking $sha1... $rest\n"
+"This is most likely due to an empty commit message, or the pre-commit hook\n"
+"failed. If the pre-commit hook failed, you may need to resolve the issue "
+"before\n"
+"you are able to reword the commit."
+msgstr ""
+"Não foi possível emendar o commit depois de apanhar com sucesso $sha1... "
+"$rest\n"
+"Deve-se provavelmente a uma mensagem de commit vazia ou o pre-commit hook "
+"falhou.\n"
+"Se o pre-commit hook falhou, pode precisar de resolver o problema ante de "
+"poder\n"
+"reformular a mensagem do commit."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:574
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopped at $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+msgstr "Parou em $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:589
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot '$squash_style' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "Não é possível efetuar '$squash_style' sem um commit anterior"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:631
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Executing: $rest"
+msgstr "A executar: $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:639
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Execution failed: $rest"
+msgstr "Falha ao executar: $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:641
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree"
+msgstr "e fez alterações ao índice e/ou à árvore de trabalho"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:643
+msgid ""
+"You can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 msgstr ""
+"Pode corrigir o problema e executar\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:581
+#. TRANSLATORS: after these lines is a command to be issued by the user
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:656
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid ""
+"Execution succeeded: $rest\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 msgstr ""
+"Executado com sucesso: $rest\n"
+"mas deixou alterações no índice e/ou na árvore de trabalho\n"
+"Submeta ou esconda as alterações e execute\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:667
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unknown command: $command $sha1 $rest"
+msgstr "Comando desconhecido: $command $sha1 $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:668
+msgid "Please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "Corrija-o usando 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:703
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Successfully rebased and updated $head_name."
+msgstr "$head_name rebaseado e atualizado com sucesso."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:750
+msgid "Could not skip unnecessary pick commands"
+msgstr "Não foi possível saltar comandos pick desnecessários"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:582
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:908
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgid ""
+"Warning: the SHA-1 is missing or isn't a commit in the following line:\n"
+" - $line"
 msgstr ""
+"Aviso: falta o SHA-1 ou a seguinte linha não tem um commit:\n"
+" - $line"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:604
-#: git-submodule.sh:927
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:941
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid ""
+"Warning: the command isn't recognized in the following line:\n"
+" - $line"
+msgstr ""
+"Aviso: o comando não é reconhecido na seguinte linha:\n"
+" - $line"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:980
+msgid "could not detach HEAD"
+msgstr "não foi possível destacar HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1018
+msgid ""
+"Warning: some commits may have been dropped accidentally.\n"
+"Dropped commits (newer to older):"
 msgstr ""
+"Aviso: alguns commits podem ter sido descartados acidentalmente.\n"
+"Commits descartados (mais novo para o mais velho):"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:712
-msgid "--"
-msgstr "--"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1026
+msgid ""
+"To avoid this message, use \"drop\" to explicitly remove a commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Use 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' to change the level of "
+"warnings.\n"
+"The possible behaviours are: ignore, warn, error."
+msgstr ""
+"Para evitar esta mensagem, use \"drop\" para remover um commit "
+"explicitamente.\n"
+"\n"
+"Use 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' para mudar o nível de avisos.\n"
+"O comportamentos possíveis são: ignore, warn, error."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1037
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Unrecognized setting $check_level for option rebase.missingCommitsCheck. "
+"Ignoring."
+msgstr ""
+"Definição $check_level desconhecida da opção rebase.missingCommitsCheck. "
+"Ignorado."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1054
+msgid ""
+"You can fix this with 'git rebase --edit-todo' and then run 'git rebase --"
+"continue'."
+msgstr ""
+"Pode corrí-lo com 'git rebase --edit-todo' e depois executar 'git rebase --"
+"continue'."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1055
+msgid "Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'."
+msgstr "Ou pode abortar o rebase com 'git rebase --abort'."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:770
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1083
+msgid "Could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "Não foi possível remover CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1088
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgid ""
+"You have staged changes in your working tree.\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be\n"
+"squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Tem alterações preparadas na árvore de trabalho.\n"
+"Se tenciona esmagar estas alterações\n"
+"no commit anterior, execute:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Se tenciona pô-las num novo commit, execute:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Em ambos os casos, quando estiver pronto, continue com:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1105
+msgid "Error trying to find the author identity to amend commit"
+msgstr "Erro ao tentar encontrar a identidade do autor para emendar o commit"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1110
+msgid ""
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
 msgstr ""
+"Tem alterações por submeter na árvore de trabalho. Submeta-as primeiro\n"
+"e execute 'git rebase --continue' de novo."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1115 git-rebase--interactive.sh:1119
+msgid "Could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "Não foi possível submeter as alterações preparadas."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1147
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.\n"
+"To continue rebase after editing, run:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Está a editar o ficheiro de tarefa de um rebase interativo em curso.\n"
+"Para continuar o rebase depois de editar, execute:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:773
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1155 git-rebase--interactive.sh:1313
+msgid "Could not execute editor"
+msgstr "Não foi possível executar o editor"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1168
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgid "Could not checkout $switch_to"
+msgstr "Não foi possível extrair $switch_to"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1173
+msgid "No HEAD?"
+msgstr "Sem HEAD?"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1174
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not create temporary $state_dir"
+msgstr "Não foi possível criar $state_dir temporário"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1176
+msgid "Could not mark as interactive"
+msgstr "Não foi possível marcar como interativo"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1186 git-rebase--interactive.sh:1191
+msgid "Could not init rewritten commits"
+msgstr "Não foi possível inicializar commits reescritos"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1291
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount command)"
+msgid_plural "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount commands)"
+msgstr[0] "Rebase $shortrevisions sobre $shortonto ($todocount comando)"
+msgstr[1] "Rebase $shortrevisions sobre $shortonto ($todocount comandos)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1296
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"However, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.\n"
+"\n"
 msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"No entanto, se remover tudo, o rebase será abortado.\n"
+"\n"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:776
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1303
+msgid "Note that empty commits are commented out"
+msgstr "Note que commits vazios são comentados"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:89 git-sh-setup.sh:94
+#, sh-format
+msgid "usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+msgstr "utilização: $dashless $USAGE"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:190
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgid "Cannot chdir to $cdup, the toplevel of the working tree"
 msgstr ""
+"Não é possível mudar de diretório para $cdup, o topo da árvore de trabalho"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:801
-msgid "blob"
-msgstr "blob"
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:199 git-sh-setup.sh:206
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: $program_name cannot be used without a working tree."
+msgstr "fatal: $program_name não pode ser usado sem uma árvore de trabalho."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:802
-msgid "submodule"
-msgstr "submódulos"
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:220
+msgid "Cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "Não é possível rebasear: tem alterações não preparadas."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:223
+msgid "Cannot rewrite branches: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "Não é possível reescrever ramos: tem alterações não preparadas."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:226
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "Não é possível puxar com rebase: tem alterações não preparadas."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:229
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot $action: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "Não é possível efetuar $action: tem alterações não preparadas."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:242
+msgid "Cannot rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "Não é possível rebasear: o índice contém alterações não submetidas."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:245
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível puxar com rebase: o índice contém alterações não submetidas."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:973
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:248
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$name'"
+msgid "Cannot $action: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível efetuar $action: o índice contém alterações não submetidas."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:252
+msgid "Additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "Além disso, o índice contém alterações não submetidas."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:372
+msgid "You need to run this command from the toplevel of the working tree."
+msgstr ""
+"Precisa de executar este comando a partir do topo da árvore de trabalho."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:377
+msgid "Unable to determine absolute path of git directory"
+msgstr "Não é possível determinar o caminho absoluto do diretório git"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: you can adjust this to align "git add -i" status menu
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:238
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%12s %12s %s"
+msgstr "%12s %12s %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:239
+msgid "staged"
+msgstr "preparado"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:239
+msgid "unstaged"
+msgstr "não preparado"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:288 git-add--interactive.perl:313
+msgid "binary"
+msgstr "binário"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:297 git-add--interactive.perl:351
+msgid "nothing"
+msgstr "nada"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:333 git-add--interactive.perl:348
+msgid "unchanged"
+msgstr "não alterado"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:644
+#, perl-format
+msgid "added %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "added %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d caminho adicionar\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d caminhos adicionados\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:647
+#, perl-format
+msgid "updated %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "updated %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d caminho atualizado\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d caminhos atualizados\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:650
+#, perl-format
+msgid "reverted %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "reverted %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d caminho revertido\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d caminhos revertidos\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:653
+#, perl-format
+msgid "touched %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "touched %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d caminho afetado\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d caminhos afetados\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:662
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "Atualizar"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:674
+msgid "Revert"
+msgstr "Reverter"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:697
+#, perl-format
+msgid "note: %s is untracked now.\n"
+msgstr "nota: %s é agora não controlado.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:708
+msgid "Add untracked"
+msgstr "Adicionar não controlados"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:714
+msgid "No untracked files.\n"
+msgstr "Nenhum ficheiros não controlado.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1030
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for staging."
+msgstr ""
+"Se o patch se aplicar corretamente, o excerto editado será marcado\n"
+"como preparado imediatamente."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1033
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for stashing."
+msgstr ""
+"Se o patch se aplicar corretamente, o excerto editado será marcado\n"
+"como escondido imediatamente."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1036
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for unstaging."
+msgstr ""
+"Se o patch se aplicar corretamente, o excerto editado será marcado\n"
+"como não preparado imediatamente."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1039 git-add--interactive.perl:1048
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for applying."
+msgstr ""
+"Se o patch se aplicar corretamente, o excerto editado será marcado\n"
+"para ser aplicado imediatamente."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1042 git-add--interactive.perl:1045
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for discarding."
+msgstr ""
+"Se o patch se aplicar corretamente, o excerto editado será marcado\n"
+"para ser descartado imediatamente."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1058
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for writing: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"não foi possível abrir o ficheiro de edição do excerto para escrita: %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1059
+msgid "Manual hunk edit mode -- see bottom for a quick guide.\n"
+msgstr "Modo de edição manual de excerto -- ver guia rápido abaixo no final.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1065
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"---\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, delete them.\n"
+"Lines starting with %s will be removed.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"---\n"
+"Para remover linhas '%s', torne-as linhas ' ' (contexto).\n"
+"Para remover linhas '%s', elimine-as.\n"
+"Linhas começadas com %s serão removidas.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: 'it' refers to the patch mentioned in the previous messages.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1073
+msgid ""
+"If it does not apply cleanly, you will be given an opportunity to\n"
+"edit again.  If all lines of the hunk are removed, then the edit is\n"
+"aborted and the hunk is left unchanged.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Se não se aplicar corretamente, ser-lhe-á dada oportunidade para editar\n"
+"de novo.  Se todas as linhas do excerto forem removidas, a edição é\n"
+"abortada e o exceto é deixado inalterado.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1087
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for reading: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"não foi possível abrir o ficheiro de edição do excerto para leitura: %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: do not translate [y/n]
+#. The program will only accept that input
+#. at this point.
+#. Consider translating (saying "no" discards!) as
+#. (saying "n" for "no" discards!) if the translation
+#. of the word "no" does not start with n.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1178
+msgid ""
+"Your edited hunk does not apply. Edit again (saying \"no\" discards!) [y/n]? "
 msgstr ""
+"O excerto que editou não aplica.\n"
+"Edite de novo (responder \"não\" descarta!) [y/n]? "
 
-#~ msgid "cherry-pick"
-#~ msgstr "cherry-pick"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1187
+msgid ""
+"y - stage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - preparar este excerto\n"
+"n - não preparar este excerto\n"
+"q - sair; não preparar este excerto nem os restantes\n"
+"a - preparar este excerto e todos os excertos seguintes no ficheiro\n"
+"d - não preparar este excerto nem os excertos seguintes no ficheiro"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1193
+msgid ""
+"y - stash this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stash this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stash this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stash this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stash this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - esconder este excerto\n"
+"n - não esconder este excerto\n"
+"q - sair; não esconder este excerto nem os restantes\n"
+"a - esconder este excerto e todos os seguintes no ficheiro\n"
+"d - não esconder este excerto nem os excertos seguintes no ficheiro"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1199
+msgid ""
+"y - unstage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not unstage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not unstage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - unstage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not unstage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - despreparar este excerto\n"
+"n - não despreparar este excerto\n"
+"q - sair; não despreparar este excerto nem outros restantes\n"
+"a - despreparar este excerto e todos os excertos seguintes no ficheiro\n"
+"d - não despreparar este excerto nem os excertos seguintes no ficheiro"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1205
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - aplicar este excerto ao índice\n"
+"n - não aplicar este excerto ao índice\n"
+"q - sair; não aplicar este excerto nem os restantes\n"
+"a - aplicar este excerto e todos os excertos seguintes no ficheiro\n"
+"d - não aplicar este excerto nem os excertos seguintes no ficheiro"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1211
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - descartar este excerto da árvore de trabalho\n"
+"n - não descartar este excerto da árvore de trabalho\n"
+"q - sair; não descartar este excerto nem os restantes\n"
+"a - descartar este excerto e todos os excertos seguintes no ficheiro\n"
+"d - não descartar este excerto nem os excertos seguintes no ficheiro"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1217
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - descartar este excerto do índice e da árvore de trabalho\n"
+"n - não descartar este excerto do índice nem da árvore de trabalho\n"
+"q - sair; não descartar este excerto nem nenhum dos restantes\n"
+"a - descartar este excerto e todos os excertos seguintes no ficheiro\n"
+"d - não descartar este excerto nem os excertos seguintes no ficheiro"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1223
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - aplicar este excerto ao índice e à árvore de trabalho\n"
+"n - não aplicar este excerto ao índice e à árvore de trabalho\n"
+"q - sair; não aplicar este excerto ou restantes\n"
+"a - aplicar este excerto e todos os excertos seguintes no ficheiro\n"
+"d - não aplicar este excerto nem os excertos seguintes no ficheiro"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1232
+msgid ""
+"g - select a hunk to go to\n"
+"/ - search for a hunk matching the given regex\n"
+"j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk\n"
+"J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk\n"
+"k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk\n"
+"K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk\n"
+"s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks\n"
+"e - manually edit the current hunk\n"
+"? - print help\n"
+msgstr ""
+"g - selecionar um excerto para ir\n"
+"/ - procurar por um excerto correspondendo à regex dada\n"
+"j - deixar este excerto indecidido, ver excerto seguinte indecidido\n"
+"J - deixar este excerto indecidido, ver excerto seguinte\n"
+"k - deixar este excerto indecidido, ver excerto anterior indecidido\n"
+"K - deixar este excerto indecidido, ver excerto anterior\n"
+"s - dividir o excerto atual em excertos mais pequenos\n"
+"e - editar manualmente o excerto atual\n"
+"? - imprimir ajuda\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1263
+msgid "The selected hunks do not apply to the index!\n"
+msgstr "Os excertos selecionados não aplicam ao índice!\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1264
+msgid "Apply them to the worktree anyway? "
+msgstr "Aplicá-los à árvore de trabalho mesmo assim? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1267
+msgid "Nothing was applied.\n"
+msgstr "Não foi aplicado nada.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1278
+#, perl-format
+msgid "ignoring unmerged: %s\n"
+msgstr "ignorado não integrado: %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1287
+msgid "Only binary files changed.\n"
+msgstr "Apenas ficheiros binários alterados.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1289
+msgid "No changes.\n"
+msgstr "Sem alterações.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1297
+msgid "Patch update"
+msgstr "Atualizar patch"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1349
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage mode change [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Preparar alteração de modo [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1350
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage deletion [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Preparar eliminação [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1351
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Preparar este excerto [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1354
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash mode change [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Esconder alteração de modo [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1355
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash deletion [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Esconder eliminação [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1356
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash this hunk [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Esconder este excerto [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1359
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage mode change [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Não preparar alteração de modo [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1360
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage deletion [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Não preparar eliminação [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1361
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Não preparar este excerto [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1364
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplicar alteração de modo ao índice [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1365
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplicar eliminação ao índice [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1366
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Aplicar este excerto ao índice [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1369
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Descartar alteração de modo da árvore de trabalho [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1370
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Descartar eliminação da árvore de trabalho [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1371
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Descartar este excerto da árvore de trabalho [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1374
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Descartar alteração de modo do índice e da árvore de trabalho [y,n,q,a,d,/"
+"%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1375
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Descartar eliminação do índice e da árvore de trabalho [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1376
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Descartar este excerto do índice e da árvore de trabalho [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1379
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Aplicar alteração de modo ao índice e à árvore de trabalho [y,n,q,a,d,/"
+"%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1380
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Aplicar eliminação ao índice e à árvore de trabalho [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1381
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Aplicar este excerto ao índice e à árvore de trabalho [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1484
+msgid "go to which hunk (<ret> to see more)? "
+msgstr "ir para que excerto (<ret> para ver mais)? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1486
+msgid "go to which hunk? "
+msgstr "ir para que excerto? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1495
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Invalid number: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Número inválido: '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1500
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sorry, only %d hunk available.\n"
+msgid_plural "Sorry, only %d hunks available.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Lamento, apenas %d excerto disponível.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Lamento, apenas %d excertos disponíveis.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1526
+msgid "search for regex? "
+msgstr "procurar por regex? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1539
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Malformed search regexp %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "Regexp de pesquisa malformada %s: %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1549
+msgid "No hunk matches the given pattern\n"
+msgstr "Nenhum excerto corresponde ao padrão fornecido\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1561 git-add--interactive.perl:1583
+msgid "No previous hunk\n"
+msgstr "Nenhum excerto anterior\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1570 git-add--interactive.perl:1589
+msgid "No next hunk\n"
+msgstr "Nenhum excerto seguinte\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1597
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Split into %d hunk.\n"
+msgid_plural "Split into %d hunks.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Dividir em %d excerto.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Dividir em %d excertos.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1649
+msgid "Review diff"
+msgstr "Rever diff"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please do not translate the command names
+#. 'status', 'update', 'revert', etc.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1668
+msgid ""
+"status        - show paths with changes\n"
+"update        - add working tree state to the staged set of changes\n"
+"revert        - revert staged set of changes back to the HEAD version\n"
+"patch         - pick hunks and update selectively\n"
+"diff          - view diff between HEAD and index\n"
+"add untracked - add contents of untracked files to the staged set of "
+"changes\n"
+msgstr ""
+"status        - mostrar caminhos com alterações\n"
+"update        - adicionar o estado da árvore de trabalho ao conjunto de "
+"alterações preparadas\n"
+"revert        - reverter conjunto de alterações preparadas de volta à versão "
+"de HEAD\n"
+"patch         - escolher excertos e atualizar seletivamente\n"
+"diff          - ver diff entre HEAD e índice\n"
+"add untracked - adicionar conteúdos de ficheiros não controlados ao conjunto "
+"de alterações preparadas\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1685 git-add--interactive.perl:1690
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1693 git-add--interactive.perl:1700
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1704 git-add--interactive.perl:1710
+msgid "missing --"
+msgstr "falta --"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1706
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unknown --patch mode: %s"
+msgstr "Mode de --patch desconhecido: %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1712 git-add--interactive.perl:1718
+#, perl-format
+msgid "invalid argument %s, expecting --"
+msgstr "argumento inválido %s, esperava-se --"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:121
+msgid "local zone differs from GMT by a non-minute interval\n"
+msgstr "a zona local difere de GMT por um intervalo não arrendado ao minuto\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:128 git-send-email.perl:134
+msgid "local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n"
+msgstr "a diferença de tempo local é maior ou igual a 24 horas\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:202 git-send-email.perl:208
+msgid "the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything"
+msgstr "o editor saiu com erros, abortar tudo"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:282
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' contains an intermediate version of the email you were composing.\n"
+msgstr "'%s' contém uma versão intermédia do e-mail que esteve a compor.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:287
+#, perl-format
+msgid "'%s.final' contains the composed email.\n"
+msgstr "'%s.final' contém o e-mail composto.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:305
+msgid "--dump-aliases incompatible with other options\n"
+msgstr "--dump-aliases incompatível com outras opções\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:368 git-send-email.perl:623
+msgid "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+msgstr "Não é possível executar git format-patch fora de um repositório\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:437
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --suppress-cc field: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Campo de --suppress-cc desconhecido: '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:466
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --confirm setting: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Definidição --confirm desconhecida: '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:498
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail alias with quotes is not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "aviso: sendmail alias com aspas não é suportado: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:500
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `:include:` not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "aviso: `:include:` não suportado: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:502
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `/file` or `|pipe` redirection not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "aviso: `/file` ou redireção `|pipe` não suportado: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:507
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail line is not recognized: %s\n"
+msgstr "aviso: linha sendmail não é reconhecida: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:589
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"File '%s' exists but it could also be the range of commits\n"
+"to produce patches for.  Please disambiguate by...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * Saying \"./%s\" if you mean a file; or\n"
+"    * Giving --format-patch option if you mean a range.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"O ficheiro '%s' existe mas também pode ser um intervalo de commits\n"
+"para os quais produzir patches.  Por favor desambigue...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * Dizendo \"./%s\" se pretende um ficheiro; ou\n"
+"    * Passando a opção --format-patch se pretende um intervalo de commits.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:610
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to opendir %s: %s"
+msgstr "Falha ao abrir diretório %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:634
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"fatal: %s: %s\n"
+"warning: no patches were sent\n"
+msgstr ""
+"fatal: %s: %s\n"
+"aviso: nenhum patch foi enviado\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:645
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"No patch files specified!\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Nenhum ficheiro patch especificado!\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:658
+#, perl-format
+msgid "No subject line in %s?"
+msgstr "Nenhum linha de assunto em %s?"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:668
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open for writing %s: %s"
+msgstr "Falha ao abrir %s para escrita: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:678
+msgid ""
+"Lines beginning in \"GIT:\" will be removed.\n"
+"Consider including an overall diffstat or table of contents\n"
+"for the patch you are writing.\n"
+"\n"
+"Clear the body content if you don't wish to send a summary.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Linhas começadas com \"GIT:\" serão removidos.\n"
+"Considere incluir um diffstat geral ou tabela de conteúdos\n"
+"do patch que está a escrever.\n"
+"\n"
+"Apague o conteúdo do corpo se não deseja enviar um sumário.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:701
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s.final: %s"
+msgstr "Falha ao abrir %s.final: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:704
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s: %s"
+msgstr "Falha ao abrir %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:739
+msgid "To/Cc/Bcc fields are not interpreted yet, they have been ignored\n"
+msgstr "Os campos To/Cc/Bcc não são interpretados ainda, foram ignorados\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:748
+msgid "Summary email is empty, skipping it\n"
+msgstr "O e-mail de sumário está vazio, saltá-lo à frente\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep [y/N] as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:780
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to use <%s> [y/N]? "
+msgstr "Tem a certeza que quer usar <%s> [y/N]? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:809
+msgid ""
+"The following files are 8bit, but do not declare a Content-Transfer-"
+"Encoding.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Os seguintes ficheiros são 8bit, mas não declaram um Content-Transfer-"
+"Encoding.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:814
+msgid "Which 8bit encoding should I declare [UTF-8]? "
+msgstr "Que codificação 8bit se deve declarar [UTF-8]? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:822
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"Refusing to send because the patch\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"has the template subject '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. Pass --force if you really "
+"want to send.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Recusar envio porque o patch\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"tem o assunto modelo '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. Passe --force se pretende mesmo "
+"enviar.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:841
+msgid "To whom should the emails be sent (if anyone)?"
+msgstr "Para quem devem ser enviados os e-mails (se alguém)?"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:859
+#, perl-format
+msgid "fatal: alias '%s' expands to itself\n"
+msgstr "fatal: alias '%s' expande para si próprio\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:871
+msgid "Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email (if any)? "
+msgstr ""
+"Message-ID para ser usado como In-Reply-To para o primeiro e-mail (se "
+"algum)? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:921 git-send-email.perl:929
+#, perl-format
+msgid "error: unable to extract a valid address from: %s\n"
+msgstr "erro: não é possível extrair um endereço válido de: %s\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [q] [d] [e] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:933
+msgid "What to do with this address? ([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit): "
+msgstr "O que fazer com este endereço? ([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1234
+#, perl-format
+msgid "CA path \"%s\" does not exist"
+msgstr "O caminho de CA '%s' não existe"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1309
+msgid ""
+"    The Cc list above has been expanded by additional\n"
+"    addresses found in the patch commit message. By default\n"
+"    send-email prompts before sending whenever this occurs.\n"
+"    This behavior is controlled by the sendemail.confirm\n"
+"    configuration setting.\n"
+"\n"
+"    For additional information, run 'git send-email --help'.\n"
+"    To retain the current behavior, but squelch this message,\n"
+"    run 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"    A lista de Cc acima foi expandida com endereços\n"
+"    adicionais encontrados na mensagem de commit do patch.\n"
+"    Por omissão send-email pergunta antes de enviar quando\n"
+"    isto ocorre. Este comportamento é controlado pela definição\n"
+"    de configuração sendemail.confirm.\n"
+"\n"
+"    Para informação adicional, execute 'git send-email --help'.\n"
+"    Para reter o comportamento atual, mas suprimir esta mensagem,\n"
+"    execute 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y] [n] [q] [a] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1324
+msgid "Send this email? ([y]es|[n]o|[q]uit|[a]ll): "
+msgstr "Enviar este e-mail? ([y]es|[n]o|[q]uit|[a]ll): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1327
+msgid "Send this email reply required"
+msgstr "É necessária resposta se deseja enviar este e-mail"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1353
+msgid "The required SMTP server is not properly defined."
+msgstr "O servidor SMTP necessário não está definido corretamente."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1397
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Server does not support STARTTLS! %s"
+msgstr "O servidor não suporta STARTTLS! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1403
+msgid "Unable to initialize SMTP properly. Check config and use --smtp-debug."
+msgstr ""
+"Não é possível inicializar SMTP devidamente. Verifique a configuração e use "
+"--smtp-debug."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1421
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to send %s\n"
+msgstr "Falha ao enviar %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1424
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Dry-Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "Simulado-Enviado %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1424
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "Enviado %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1426
+msgid "Dry-OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "Simulado-OK. O registo diz:\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1426
+msgid "OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "OK. O registo diz:\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1438
+msgid "Result: "
+msgstr "Resultado: "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1441
+msgid "Result: OK\n"
+msgstr "Resultado: OK\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1454
+#, perl-format
+msgid "can't open file %s"
+msgstr "não é possível abrir o ficheiro %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1501 git-send-email.perl:1521
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) Adicionar cc: %s da linha '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1507
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding to: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) Adicionar para: %s da linha '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1555
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(non-mbox) Adicionar cc: %s da linha '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1578
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(body) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(body) Adicionar cc: %s da linha '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1676
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Could not execute '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) Não foi possível executar '%s'"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1683
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Adding %s: %s from: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(%s) Adicionar %s: %s de: '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1687
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) failed to close pipe to '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) falha ao fechar pipe para '%s'"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1714
+msgid "cannot send message as 7bit"
+msgstr "não é possível enviar mensagem como 7bit"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1722
+msgid "invalid transfer encoding"
+msgstr "codificação de transferência inválida"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1741 git-send-email.perl:1792 git-send-email.perl:1802
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unable to open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "não é possível abrir %s: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1744
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%s: patch contains a line longer than 998 characters"
+msgstr "%s: o patch contém uma linha mais longa que 998 carateres"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1760
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Skipping %s with backup suffix '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "Saltar %s com sufixo de backup '%s'.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep "[y|N]" as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1764
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Do you really want to send %s? [y|N]: "
+msgstr "Deseja mesmo enviar %s? [y|N]: "
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "There is nothing to exclude from by :(exclude) patterns.\n"
+#~ "Perhaps you forgot to add either ':/' or '.' ?"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Não há nada para excluir de acordo com o padrão :(excluir).\n"
+#~ "Talvez se tenha esquecido de acrescentar ':/' ou '.' ?"
+
+#~ msgid "unrecognized format: %%(%s)"
+#~ msgstr "formato não reconhecido: %%(%s)"
+
+#~ msgid ":strip= requires a positive integer argument"
+#~ msgstr ":strip= requer um inteiro positivo como argumento"
+
+#~ msgid "ref '%s' does not have %ld components to :strip"
+#~ msgstr "a referência '%s' não tem %ld componentes como se indica em :strip"
+
+#~ msgid "unknown %.*s format %s"
+#~ msgstr "formato de %.*s desconhecido %s"
+
+#~ msgid "[%s: gone]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: desaparecido]"
+
+#~ msgid "[%s]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s]"
+
+#~ msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: atrás %d]"
+
+#~ msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: à frente %d]"
+
+#~ msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: à frente %d, atrás %d]"
+
+#~ msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
+#~ msgstr " **** referências inválida ****"
+
+#~ msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
+#~ msgstr "diretório de objetos demasiado longo %.*s"
+
+#~ msgid "git merge [<options>] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
+#~ msgstr "git merge [<opções>] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
+
+#~ msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
+#~ msgstr "'%s' não é um commit"
+
+#~ msgid "cannot open file '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "não é possível abrir o ficheiro '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "could not close file %s"
+#~ msgstr "não é possível fechar o ficheiro %s"
+
+#~ msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
+#~ msgstr "o nome da tag é demasiado longo: %.*s..."
+
+#~ msgid "tag header too big."
+#~ msgstr "cabeçalho da tag demasiado longo."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+#~ "marked for discarding"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Se o patch se aplicar corretamente, o excerto editado será marcado\n"
+#~ "para ser descartado imediatamente."
+
+#~ msgid "Use an experimental blank-line-based heuristic to improve diffs"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Usar uma heurística experimental baseada em linhas brancas para melhorar "
+#~ "diffs"
+
+#~ msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
+#~ msgstr "Inteligente... a emendar o último commit com o índice sujo."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "the following submodule (or one of its nested submodules)\n"
+#~ "uses a .git directory:"
+#~ msgid_plural ""
+#~ "the following submodules (or one of their nested submodules)\n"
+#~ "use a .git directory:"
+#~ msgstr[0] ""
+#~ "o submódulo seguinte (ou um dos seus submódulos aninhados)\n"
+#~ "usa um diretório .git:"
+#~ msgstr[1] ""
+#~ "os submódulos seguintes (ou um dos seus submódulos)\n"
+#~ "usam um diretório .git:"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its "
+#~ "history)"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "(use 'rm -rf' se pretende mesmo removê-lo, incluindo todo o seu histórico)"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not write to %s"
+#~ msgstr "Não foi possível escrever em %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
+#~ msgstr "Erro ao rematar %s."
+
+#~ msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
+#~ msgstr "As suas alterações locais serão substituídas por cherry-pick."
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot revert during another revert."
+#~ msgstr "Não é possível reverter durante outra reversão."
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot cherry-pick during another cherry-pick."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Não é possível efetuar cherry-pick durante outro cherry-pick. durante um "
+#~ "cherry-pick."
+
+#~ msgid "Could not parse line %d."
+#~ msgstr "Não foi possível analisar a linha %d."
+
+#~ msgid "Could not open %s"
+#~ msgstr "Não foi possível abrir %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not read %s."
+#~ msgstr "Não foi possível ler %s."
+
+#~ msgid "Could not format %s."
+#~ msgstr "Não foi possível formatar %s."
+
+#~ msgid "%s: %s"
+#~ msgstr "%s: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
+#~ msgstr "não é possível abrir %s: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
+#~ msgstr "Primeiro tem de definir a sua informação de committer"
+
+#~ msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "valor numérico '%s' da configuração '%s' incorreto: unidade inválida"
+
+#~ msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in blob %s: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "valor numérico '%s' da configuração '%s' incorreto no blob %s: unidade "
+#~ "inválida"
+
+#~ msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in file %s: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "valor numérico '%s' da configuração '%s' incorreto no ficheiro %s: "
+#~ "unidade inválida"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in standard input: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "valor numérico '%s' da configuração '%s' incorreto na entrada padrão: "
+#~ "unidade inválida"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in submodule-blob %s: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "valor numérico '%s' da configuração '%s' incorreto no submódulo-blob %s: "
+#~ "unidade inválida"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in command line %s: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "valor numérico '%s' da configuração '%s' incorreto na linha de comandos "
+#~ "%s: unidade inválida"
+
+#~ msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "valor numérico '%s' da configuração '%s' incorreto em %s: unidade inválida"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 2nd commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Esta é a 2ª mensagem de commit:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 3rd commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Esta é a 3ª mensagem de commit:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 4th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Esta é a 4ª mensagem de commit:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 5th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Esta é a 5ª mensagem de commit:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 6th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Esta é a 6ª mensagem de commit:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 7th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Esta é a 7ª mensagem de commit:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 8th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Esta é a 8ª mensagem de commit:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 9th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Esta é a 9ª mensagem de commit:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 10th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Esta é a 10ª mensagem de commit:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the ${n}th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Esta é a ${n}ª mensagem de commit:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the ${n}st commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Está é a ${n}ª mensagem de commit:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the ${n}nd commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Esta é a ${n}ª mensagem de commit:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the ${n}rd commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Esta é a ${n}ª mensagem de commit:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 1st commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "A 1ª mensagem de commit será ignorada:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 2nd commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "A 2ª mensagem de commit será ignorada:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 3rd commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "A 3ª mensagem de commit será ignorada:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 4th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "A 4ª mensagem de commit será ignorada:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 5th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "A 5ª mensagem de commit será ignorada:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 6th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "A 6ª mensagem de commit será ignorada:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 7th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "A 7ª mensagem de commit será ignorada:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 8th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "A 8ª mensagem de commit será ignorada:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 9th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "A 9ª mensagem de commit será ignorada:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 10th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "A 10ª mensagem de commit será ignorada:"
+
+#~ msgid "The ${n}th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "A ${n}ª mensagem de commit será ignorada:"
+
+#~ msgid "The ${n}st commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "A ${n}ª mensagem de commit será ignorada:"
+
+#~ msgid "The ${n}nd commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "A ${n}ª mensagem de commit será ignorada:"
+
+#~ msgid "The ${n}rd commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "A ${n}ª mensagem de commit será ignorada:"
+
+#~ msgid "could not run gpg."
+#~ msgstr "não foi possível executar gpg."
+
+#~ msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
+#~ msgstr "gpg não aceitou os dados"
+
+#~ msgid "unsupported object type in the tree"
+#~ msgstr "tipo de objeto sem suporte encontrado na árvore"
+
+#~ msgid "Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."
+#~ msgstr "Falha de integração fatal, não devia acontecer."
+
+#~ msgid "Unprocessed path??? %s"
+#~ msgstr "Caminho não processado??? %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
+#~ msgstr "Erro ao rematar %s."
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
+#~ msgstr "Não foi possível efetuar %s durante %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
+#~ msgstr "Não é possível efetuar cherry-pick numa cabeça vazia"
+
+#~ msgid "could not open %s for writing"
+#~ msgstr "não foi possível abrir %s para escrita"
+
+#~ msgid "could not write branch description template"
+#~ msgstr "não foi possível escrever o modelo da descrição do ramo"
+
+#~ msgid "corrupt index file"
+#~ msgstr "ficheiro de índice corrompido"
+
+#~ msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
+#~ msgstr "destacar HEAD no commit indicado"
+
+#~ msgid "Checking connectivity... "
+#~ msgstr "A verificar a conectividade... "
+
+#~ msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
+#~ msgstr "  (não é possível atualizar a referência local)"
+
+#~ msgid "Reinitialized existing"
+#~ msgstr "existente reinicializado"
+
+#~ msgid "Initialized empty"
+#~ msgstr "vazio inicializado"
+
+#~ msgid " shared"
+#~ msgstr " partilhado"
+
+#~ msgid "Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+#~ msgstr "verificar se o commit tem uma assinatura GPG válida"
+
+#~ msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
+#~ msgstr "A escrever SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#~ msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
+#~ msgstr "A concluir SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#~ msgid "   and with remote"
+#~ msgstr "   e com o remoto"
+
+#~ msgid "removing '%s' failed"
+#~ msgstr "falha ao remover '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "program error"
+#~ msgstr "erro do programa"
+
+#~ msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
+#~ msgstr "Invoque 'bisect_state' com pelo menos um argumento."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again "
+#~ "from"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Se deseja reutilizar este diretório git local em vez de clonar de novo de"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct "
+#~ "repo"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "use a opção '--force'. Se o diretório git local não é o repositório "
+#~ "correto"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
+#~ "option."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "ou se não tem a certeza do que isto significa, escolha outro nome com a "
+#~ "opção '--name'."
+
+#~ msgid "Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains a .git directory"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "A árvore de trabalho do submódulo '$displaypath' contém um diretório .git"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its "
+#~ "history)"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "(use 'rm -rf' se pretende mesmo removê-lo, incluindo todo o seu histórico)"
+
+#~ msgid "'%s': %s"
+#~ msgstr "'%s': %s"
+
+#~ msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
+#~ msgstr "não é possível aceder a '%s': %s"
+
+#~ msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "não é possível abrir %s: %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "Please, stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Prepare as suas alterações em .gitmodules ou esconda-as (stash) para "
+#~ "prosseguir"
+
+#~ msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "não foi possível validar a tag '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "failed to remove: %s"
+#~ msgstr "falha ao remover: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
+#~ msgstr "A opção --exec deve ser usada com a opção --interactive"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Submodule path '$displaypath' not initialized\n"
+#~ "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Submódulo em '$displaypath' não inicializado\n"
+#~ "Talvez queira usar 'update --init'?"
+
+#~ msgid "unable to parse format"
+#~ msgstr "não foi possível analisar o formato"
+
+#~ msgid "improper format entered align:%s"
+#~ msgstr "formato impróprio introduzido align:%s"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not set core.worktree in %s"
+#~ msgstr "Não foi possível definir core.worktree em %s"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "push.default is unset; its implicit value has changed in\n"
+#~ "Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
+#~ "and maintain the traditional behavior, use:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "When push.default is set to 'matching', git will push local branches\n"
+#~ "to the remote branches that already exist with the same name.\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Since Git 2.0, Git defaults to the more conservative 'simple'\n"
+#~ "behavior, which only pushes the current branch to the corresponding\n"
+#~ "remote branch that 'git pull' uses to update the current branch.\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
+#~ "information.\n"
+#~ "(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
+#~ "'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "push.default não está definido; o seu valor implícito foi alterado\n"
+#~ "no Git 2.0 de 'matching' para 'simple'. Para suprimir esta mensagem\n"
+#~ "e manter o comportamento tradicional, use:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Para suprimir esta mensagem e adotar o novo comportamento, use:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Quando push.default está definido como 'matching', o Git publica\n"
+#~ "os ramos locais nos ramos remotos que já existam com o mesmo nome.\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Desde a versão 2.0, o Git assume o comportamento mais conservativo "
+#~ "'simple',\n"
+#~ "publicando só o ramo atual no ramo remoto correspondente, que é usado\n"
+#~ "para atualizar o ramo atual com 'git pull'.\n"
+#~ "Consulte 'git help config' e procure por 'push.default' para mais "
+#~ "informações.\n"
+#~ "(o modo 'simple' foi introduzido no Git 1.7.11. Use o modo semelhante\n"
+#~ "'current' em vez de 'simple' se por vezes usa versões anteriores do Git)"
+
+#~ msgid "check|on-demand|no"
+#~ msgstr "check|on-demand|no"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not append '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Não foi possível acrescentar '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "Missing author: %s"
+#~ msgstr "Autor em falta: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Testing "
+#~ msgstr "A testar "
+
+#~ msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Migrar commits locais para a cabeça atualizada em relação ao ramo a "
+#~ "montante"
+
+#~ msgid " %d file changed"
+#~ msgid_plural " %d files changed"
+#~ msgstr[0] " %d ficheiro modificado"
+#~ msgstr[1] " %d ficheiros modificados"
+
+#~ msgid ", %d insertion(+)"
+#~ msgid_plural ", %d insertions(+)"
+#~ msgstr[0] ", %d adição(+)"
+#~ msgstr[1] ", %d adições(+)"
+
+#~ msgid ", %d deletion(-)"
+#~ msgid_plural ", %d deletions(-)"
+#~ msgstr[0] ", %d eliminado(-)"
+#~ msgstr[1] ", %d eliminados(-)"
+
+#~ msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
+#~ msgstr "Você não tem uma HEAD válida"
+
+#~ msgid "bug"
+#~ msgstr "erro"
+
+#~ msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
+#~ msgstr "copiado:     %s -> %s"
+
+#~ msgid "modified:   %s"
+#~ msgstr "modificado:   %s"
+
+#~ msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
+#~ msgstr "mudado de nome:    %s -> %s"
+
+#~ msgid ", behind "
+#~ msgstr ", atrás "
+
+#~ msgid "no files added"
+#~ msgstr "nenhum ficheiros adicionado"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not extract email from committer identity."
+#~ msgstr "Não foi possível extrair a identidade do committer do e-mail."
+
+#~ msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
+#~ msgstr "opção %s não aceita formato negativo"
+
+#~ msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
+#~ msgstr "Aplicando: $FIRSTLINE"
+
+#~ msgid "--"
+#~ msgstr "--"
 
 #~ msgid "Please enter the commit message for your changes."
 #~ msgstr "Por favor insira a mensagem de commit das suas alterações."
-
-#~ msgid "Too many options specified"
-#~ msgstr "Demasiadas opções especificadas"
diff --git a/po/ru.po b/po/ru.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9dd5dfb14f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/po/ru.po
@@ -0,0 +1,15637 @@
+# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
+# Copyright (C) YEAR THE PACKAGE'S COPYRIGHT HOLDER
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
+# 
+# Translators:
+# Dimitriy Ryazantcev <DJm00n@mail.ru>, 2014-2018
+# insolor, 2014
+# insolor, 2014
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: Git Russian Localization Project\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-01-07 07:50+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-01-09 10:56+0000\n"
+"Last-Translator: Dimitriy Ryazantcev <DJm00n@mail.ru>\n"
+"Language-Team: Russian (http://www.transifex.com/djm00n/git-po-ru/language/ru/)\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Language: ru\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=4; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<12 || n%100>14) ? 1 : n%10==0 || (n%10>=5 && n%10<=9) || (n%100>=11 && n%100<=14)? 2 : 3);\n"
+
+#: advice.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
+msgstr "под�казка: %.*s\n"
+
+#: advice.c:90
+msgid "Cherry-picking is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "�евозможно выполнить копирование коммита в текущую ветку, так как у ва� имеют�� не �литые файлы."
+
+#: advice.c:92
+msgid "Committing is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "�евозможно закоммитить, так как у ва� имеют�� не �литые файлы."
+
+#: advice.c:94
+msgid "Merging is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "�евозможно выполнить �ли�ние, так как у ва� имеют�� не �литые файлы."
+
+#: advice.c:96
+msgid "Pulling is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "�евозможно выполнить получение, так как у ва� имеют�� не �литые файлы."
+
+#: advice.c:98
+msgid "Reverting is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "�евозможно обратить изменени�, так как у ва� имеют�� не �литые файлы."
+
+#: advice.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid "It is not possible to %s because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "�евозможно выполнить %s, так как у ва� имеют�� не �литые файлы."
+
+#: advice.c:108
+msgid ""
+"Fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
+"as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
+msgstr "И�правьте их в рабочем каталоге, затем запу�тите «git add/rm <файл>»,\nчтобы пометить и�правление и �делайте коммит."
+
+#: advice.c:116
+msgid "Exiting because of an unresolved conflict."
+msgstr "Выход из-за неразрешенного конфликта."
+
+#: advice.c:121 builtin/merge.c:1213
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "Вы не завершили �ли�ние (при�ут�твует файл MERGE_HEAD)."
+
+#: advice.c:123
+msgid "Please, commit your changes before merging."
+msgstr "Перед �ли�нием, выполните коммит ваших изменений."
+
+#: advice.c:124
+msgid "Exiting because of unfinished merge."
+msgstr "Выход из-за незавершенного �ли�ни�."
+
+#: advice.c:130
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Note: checking out '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental\n"
+"changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this\n"
+"state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may\n"
+"do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr "Примечание: переход на «%s».\n\nВы �ейча� в �о�то�нии «отделённого HEAD». Вы можете о�мотреть��, �делать\n�к�периментальные изменени� и закоммитить их, также вы можете отменить\nизменени� любых коммитов в �том �о�то�нии не затрагива� любые ветки и\nне переход� на них.\n\nЕ�ли вы хотите �оздать новую ветку и �охранить �вои коммиты, то вы\nможете �делать �то (�ейча� или позже) вызвав команду checkout �нова,\nно � параметром -b. �апример:\n\n  git checkout -b <им�-новой-ветки>\n\n"
+
+#: apply.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr "неопознанна� опци� дл� пробелов «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr "неопознанна� опци� дл� игнорировани� пробелов «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:122
+msgid "--reject and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--reject и --3way нельз� и�пользовать одновременно."
+
+#: apply.c:124
+msgid "--cached and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--cached и --3way нельз� и�пользовать одновременно."
+
+#: apply.c:127
+msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+msgstr "--3way вне репозитори�"
+
+#: apply.c:138
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr "--index вне репозитори�"
+
+#: apply.c:141
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr "--cached вне репозитори�"
+
+#: apply.c:821
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь подготовить регул�рное выражение дл� метки времени %s"
+
+#: apply.c:830
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr "regexec возвратил %d дл� ввода: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:904
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr "не удало�ь найти им� файла в �троке патча %d"
+
+#: apply.c:942
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: плохой git-diff — ожидало�ь /dev/null, получено %s на �троке %d"
+
+#: apply.c:948
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: плохой git-diff — не �огла�ующее�� новое им� файла на �троке %d"
+
+#: apply.c:949
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: плохой git-diff — не �огла�ующее�� �тарое им� файла на �троке %d"
+
+#: apply.c:954
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: плохой git-diff  — ожидало�ь /dev/null на �троке %d"
+
+#: apply.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid mode on line %d: %s"
+msgstr "недопу�тимый режим %d: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:1301
+#, c-format
+msgid "inconsistent header lines %d and %d"
+msgstr "противоречивые �троки заголовка %d и %d"
+
+#: apply.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr "recount: не ожидаема� �трока: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1542
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "фрагмент изменений без заголовка на �троке %d: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1562
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname"
+" component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname"
+" components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] "заголовок git diff не нашел информацию об имени файла при удалении %d ведущего компонента пути к файлу (�трока %d)"
+msgstr[1] "заголовок git diff не нашел информацию об имени файла при удалении %d ведущих компонент пути к файлу (�трока %d)"
+msgstr[2] "заголовок git diff не нашел информацию об имени файла при удалении %d ведущих компонент пути к файлу (�трока %d)"
+msgstr[3] "заголовок git diff не нашел информацию об имени файла при удалении %d ведущих компонент пути к файлу (�трока %d)"
+
+#: apply.c:1575
+#, c-format
+msgid "git diff header lacks filename information (line %d)"
+msgstr "заголовок git diff не �одержит информации об имени файла (�трока %d)"
+
+#: apply.c:1763
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr "новый файл зави�ит от �тарого �одержимого"
+
+#: apply.c:1765
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr "удаленный файл в�е еще имеет �одержимое"
+
+#: apply.c:1799
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr "патч поврежден на �троке %d"
+
+#: apply.c:1836
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr "новый файл %s зави�ит от �тарого �одержимого"
+
+#: apply.c:1838
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr "удаленный файл %s в�е еще имеет �одержимое"
+
+#: apply.c:1841
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr "** предупреждение: файл %s �тановит�� пу�тым, но не удал�ет��"
+
+#: apply.c:1988
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "поврежденный двоичный патч на �троке %d: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:2025
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr "неопознанный двоичный патч на �троке %d"
+
+#: apply.c:2185
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr "патч � му�ором на �троке %d"
+
+#: apply.c:2271
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать �имвольную ��ылку %s"
+
+#: apply.c:2275
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть или проче�ть %s"
+
+#: apply.c:2934
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr "неправильное начало �троки: «%c»"
+
+#: apply.c:3055
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] "Ча�ть #%d у�пешно применена на %d (�о �двигом в %d �троку)."
+msgstr[1] "Ча�ть #%d у�пешно применена на %d (�о �двигом в %d �троки)."
+msgstr[2] "Ча�ть #%d у�пешно применена на %d (�о �двигом в %d �трок)."
+msgstr[3] "Ча�ть #%d у�пешно применена на %d (�о �двигом в %d �трок)."
+
+#: apply.c:3067
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr "Контек�т �ужен до (%ld/%ld), чтобы применить фрагмент на %d �троке"
+
+#: apply.c:3073
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr "при пои�ке:\n%.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:3095
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr "пропущены данные двоичного патча дл� «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:3103
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot reverse-apply a binary patch without the reverse hunk to '%s'"
+msgstr "невозможно выполнить reverse-apply дл� двоичного патча, без обращени� изменений блока «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:3149
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot apply binary patch to '%s' without full index line"
+msgstr "невозможно применить двоичный патч «%s» без �троки � указанной полной вер�ией индек�а"
+
+#: apply.c:3159
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the patch applies to '%s' (%s), which does not match the current contents."
+msgstr "патч примен�т�� к файлу «%s» (%s), но его текущее �одержимое не �оотве�твует ожидаемому."
+
+#: apply.c:3167
+#, c-format
+msgid "the patch applies to an empty '%s' but it is not empty"
+msgstr "патч примен�ет�� к пу�тому файлу «%s», но файл не пу�той"
+
+#: apply.c:3185
+#, c-format
+msgid "the necessary postimage %s for '%s' cannot be read"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать необходимую по�ылку %s дл� «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:3198
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь применить двоичный патч к «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:3204
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr "по�ле применени� двоичного патча дл� «%s» был получен неправильный результат (ожидало�ь %s, получено %s)"
+
+#: apply.c:3225
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr "ошибка применени� изменений: %s:%ld"
+
+#: apply.c:3347
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь переключить �о�то�ние на %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3396 apply.c:3407 apply.c:3453 setup.c:277
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3404
+#, c-format
+msgid "reading from '%s' beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "чтение из «%s» за �имволиче�кой ��ылкой"
+
+#: apply.c:3433 apply.c:3673
+#, c-format
+msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr "путь %s был переименован/удален"
+
+#: apply.c:3516 apply.c:3687
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr "%s: нет в индек�е"
+
+#: apply.c:3525 apply.c:3695
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr "%s: не �овпадает � индек�ом"
+
+#: apply.c:3560
+msgid "repository lacks the necessary blob to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr "в репозитории от�ут�твует необходимый двоичный объект дл� отката к трёхходовому �ли�нию."
+
+#: apply.c:3563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Falling back to three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "Откат к трёхходовому �ли�нию…\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3579 apply.c:3583
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read the current contents of '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать текущее �одержимое «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:3595
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fall back on three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь откатить�� к трёхходовому �ли�нию…\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3609
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' with conflicts.\n"
+msgstr "Патч применен к «%s» � конфликтами.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3614
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' cleanly.\n"
+msgstr "Патч применен к «%s» без ошибок.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3640
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr "патч удалени� не удалил �одержимое файла"
+
+#: apply.c:3712
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr "%s: неправильный тип"
+
+#: apply.c:3714
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr "%s имеет тип %o, а ожидал�� %o"
+
+#: apply.c:3864 apply.c:3866
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid path '%s'"
+msgstr "неправильный путь «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:3922
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr "%s: уже �одержит�� в индек�е"
+
+#: apply.c:3925
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr "%s: уже �одержит�� в рабочем каталоге"
+
+#: apply.c:3945
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr "новый режим до�тупа (%o) дл� %s не �оответ�твует �тарому режиму до�тупа (%o)"
+
+#: apply.c:3950
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr "новый режим до�тупа (%o) дл� %s не �оответ�твует �тарому режиму до�тупа (%o) дл� %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3970
+#, c-format
+msgid "affected file '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "затронутый файл «%s» находит�� за �имволиче�кой ��ылкой"
+
+#: apply.c:3974
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr "%s: не удало�ь применить патч"
+
+#: apply.c:3989
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr "Проверка патча %s…"
+
+#: apply.c:4080
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless for submodule %s"
+msgstr "информаци� об sha1 от�ут�твует или бе�полезна дл� подмодул� %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4087
+#, c-format
+msgid "mode change for %s, which is not in current HEAD"
+msgstr "изменен режим дл� %s, который не находит�� в текущем HEAD"
+
+#: apply.c:4090
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless (%s)."
+msgstr "информаци� об sha1 от�ут�твует или бе�полезна (%s)."
+
+#: apply.c:4095 builtin/checkout.c:236 builtin/reset.c:148
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "�бой make_cache_entry дл� пути «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:4099
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not add %s to temporary index"
+msgstr "не удало�ь добавить %s во временный индек�"
+
+#: apply.c:4109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write temporary index to %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запи�ать временный индкек� в %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4247
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr "не удало�ь удалить %s из индек�а"
+
+#: apply.c:4282
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
+msgstr "поврежденный патч дл� подмодул� %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4288
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить stat дл� �озданного файла «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:4296
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать в�помогательный файл дл� �озданного файла %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4302 apply.c:4446
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать запи�ь в к�ше дл� %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4343
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to write to '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запи�ать в «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:4347
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr "закрытие файла «%s»"
+
+#: apply.c:4417
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запи�ать файл «%s» � режимом до�тупа %o"
+
+#: apply.c:4515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr "Патч %s применен без ошибок."
+
+#: apply.c:4523
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr "внутренн�� ошибка"
+
+#: apply.c:4526
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] "Применение патча %%s � %d отказом…"
+msgstr[1] "Применение патча %%s � %d отказами…"
+msgstr[2] "Применение патча %%s � %d отказами…"
+msgstr[3] "Применение патча %%s � %d отказами…"
+
+#: apply.c:4537
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr "у�ечение имени .rej файла до %.*s.rej"
+
+#: apply.c:4545 builtin/fetch.c:761 builtin/fetch.c:1011
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4559
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr "Блок №%d применен без ошибок."
+
+#: apply.c:4563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr "Блок №%d отклонен."
+
+#: apply.c:4673
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped patch '%s'."
+msgstr "Патч «%s» пропущен."
+
+#: apply.c:4681
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr "не ра�познанный ввод"
+
+#: apply.c:4700
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать файл индек�а"
+
+#: apply.c:4837
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s': %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть патч «%s»: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4864
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] "пропущена %d ошибка в пробельных �имволах"
+msgstr[1] "пропущено %d ошибки в пробельных �имволах"
+msgstr[2] "пропущено %d ошибок в пробельных �имволах"
+msgstr[3] "пропущено %d ошибок в пробельных �имволах"
+
+#: apply.c:4870 apply.c:4885
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d �трока добавила ошибки в пробельных �имволах."
+msgstr[1] "%d �троки добавили ошибки в пробельных �имволах."
+msgstr[2] "%d �трок добавили ошибки в пробельных �имволах."
+msgstr[3] "%d �трок добавили ошибки в пробельных �имволах."
+
+#: apply.c:4878
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d �трока добавлена по�ле и�правлени� ошибок в пробелах."
+msgstr[1] "%d �троки добавлено по�ле и�правлени� ошибок в пробелах."
+msgstr[2] "%d �трок добавлено по�ле и�правлени� ошибок в пробелах."
+msgstr[3] "%d �троки добавлено по�ле и�правлени� ошибок в пробелах."
+
+#: apply.c:4894 builtin/add.c:539 builtin/mv.c:298 builtin/rm.c:390
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь запи�ать новый файл индек�а"
+
+#: apply.c:4921 apply.c:4924 builtin/am.c:2220 builtin/am.c:2223
+#: builtin/clone.c:116 builtin/fetch.c:116 builtin/pull.c:193
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:369 builtin/submodule--helper.c:860
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:863 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1230
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1233 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1450
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "path"
+msgstr "путь"
+
+#: apply.c:4922
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "не примен�ть изменени� по указанному пути"
+
+#: apply.c:4925
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "примен�ть изменени� по указанному пути"
+
+#: apply.c:4927 builtin/am.c:2229
+msgid "num"
+msgstr "количе�тво"
+
+#: apply.c:4928
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr "удалить <количе�тво> ведущих ко�ых черт из традиционных путей �пи�ка изменений"
+
+#: apply.c:4931
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr "игнорировать добавлени�, �деланные �тим патчем"
+
+#: apply.c:4933
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr "вме�то применени� патча выве�ти �тати�тику добавлений и удалений дл� ввода"
+
+#: apply.c:4937
+msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr "показать количе�тво добавленных и удаленных �трок в де��тичном пред�тавлении"
+
+#: apply.c:4939
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr "вме�то применени� патча выве�ти �тати�тику изменений дл� ввода"
+
+#: apply.c:4941
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr "вме�то применени� патча проверить подходит ли он"
+
+#: apply.c:4943
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr "проверить, что патч примен�ет�� к текущему индек�у"
+
+#: apply.c:4945
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr "применить патч, не измен�� рабочий каталог"
+
+#: apply.c:4947
+msgid "accept a patch that touches outside the working area"
+msgstr "прин�ть патч, который затрагивает файлы за рабочим каталогом"
+
+#: apply.c:4949
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr "а также применить патч (и�пользуйте � --stat/--summary/--check)"
+
+#: apply.c:4951
+msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+msgstr "попытать�� �делать трехходовое �ли�ние, е�ли патч не примен�ет��"
+
+#: apply.c:4953
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr "по�троить временный индек�, о�нованный на в�троенной информации об индек�е"
+
+#: apply.c:4956 builtin/checkout-index.c:168 builtin/ls-files.c:515
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr "пути, отделённые �УЛЕВЫМ �имволом"
+
+#: apply.c:4958
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr "удо�товерить��, что по крайней мере <n> �трок контек�та �овпадают"
+
+#: apply.c:4959 builtin/am.c:2208 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:95
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:97 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:99
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3009
+msgid "action"
+msgstr "дей�твие"
+
+#: apply.c:4960
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr "определ�ть новые или модифицированные �троки, у которых е�ть ошибки в пробельных �имволах"
+
+#: apply.c:4963 apply.c:4966
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr "игнорировать изменени� в пробельных �имволах при пои�ке контек�та"
+
+#: apply.c:4969
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr "применить патч � обращением изменений"
+
+#: apply.c:4971
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr "не ожидать как минимум одной �троки контек�та"
+
+#: apply.c:4973
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr "о�тавить отклоненные блоки изменений в �оответ�твующих *.rej файлах"
+
+#: apply.c:4975
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr "разрешить перекрывающие�� блоки изменений"
+
+#: apply.c:4976 builtin/add.c:292 builtin/check-ignore.c:21
+#: builtin/commit.c:1361 builtin/count-objects.c:96 builtin/fsck.c:640
+#: builtin/log.c:1896 builtin/mv.c:123 builtin/read-tree.c:125
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr "быть много�ловнее"
+
+#: apply.c:4978
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr "разрешить некорректно определенные пропущенные пу�тые �троки в конце файла"
+
+#: apply.c:4981
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr "не довер�ть количе�тву �трок из заголовка блока изменений"
+
+#: apply.c:4983 builtin/am.c:2217
+msgid "root"
+msgstr "корень"
+
+#: apply.c:4984
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr "добавить <корень> �переди ко в�ем именам файлов"
+
+#: archive.c:13
+msgid "git archive [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git archive [<опции>] <указатель-дерева> [<путь>…]"
+
+#: archive.c:14
+msgid "git archive --list"
+msgstr "git archive --list"
+
+#: archive.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [<options>] <tree-ish> "
+"[<path>...]"
+msgstr "git archive --remote <репозиторий> [--exec <команда>] [<опции>] <указатель-дерева> [<путь>…]"
+
+#: archive.c:16
+msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
+msgstr "git archive --remote <репозиторий> [--exec <команда>] --list"
+
+#: archive.c:351 builtin/add.c:176 builtin/add.c:515 builtin/rm.c:299
+#, c-format
+msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
+msgstr "�пецификатор пути «%s» не �оответ�твует ни одному файлу"
+
+#: archive.c:436
+msgid "fmt"
+msgstr "формат"
+
+#: archive.c:436
+msgid "archive format"
+msgstr "формат архива"
+
+#: archive.c:437 builtin/log.c:1459
+msgid "prefix"
+msgstr "префик�"
+
+#: archive.c:438
+msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
+msgstr "добавл�ть префик� перед каждым путем файла в архиве"
+
+#: archive.c:439 builtin/blame.c:693 builtin/blame.c:694 builtin/config.c:62
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1005 builtin/fast-export.c:1007 builtin/grep.c:861
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:102 builtin/ls-files.c:551 builtin/ls-files.c:554
+#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:568 builtin/read-tree.c:120
+#: parse-options.h:153
+msgid "file"
+msgstr "файл"
+
+#: archive.c:440 builtin/archive.c:89
+msgid "write the archive to this file"
+msgstr "запи�ь архива в �тот файл"
+
+#: archive.c:442
+msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
+msgstr "читать .gitattributes в рабочем каталоге"
+
+#: archive.c:443
+msgid "report archived files on stderr"
+msgstr "отчет об архивированных файлах в stderr"
+
+#: archive.c:444
+msgid "store only"
+msgstr "только хранение"
+
+#: archive.c:445
+msgid "compress faster"
+msgstr "�жимать бы�трее"
+
+#: archive.c:453
+msgid "compress better"
+msgstr "�жимать лучше"
+
+#: archive.c:456
+msgid "list supported archive formats"
+msgstr "перечи�лить поддерживаемые форматы архивов"
+
+#: archive.c:458 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:106 builtin/clone.c:109
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:872 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1239
+msgid "repo"
+msgstr "репозиторий"
+
+#: archive.c:459 builtin/archive.c:91
+msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
+msgstr "получить архив из внешнего <репозитори�>"
+
+#: archive.c:460 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:489
+msgid "command"
+msgstr "команда"
+
+#: archive.c:461 builtin/archive.c:93
+msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
+msgstr "путь к команде git-upload-archive на машине � внешним репозиторием"
+
+#: archive.c:468
+msgid "Unexpected option --remote"
+msgstr "�еожиданна� опци� --remote"
+
+#: archive.c:470
+msgid "Option --exec can only be used together with --remote"
+msgstr "Опци� --exec может и�пользовать�� только вме�те � --remote"
+
+#: archive.c:472
+msgid "Unexpected option --output"
+msgstr "�еожиданна� опци� --output"
+
+#: archive.c:494
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown archive format '%s'"
+msgstr "�еизве�тный формат архива «%s»"
+
+#: archive.c:501
+#, c-format
+msgid "Argument not supported for format '%s': -%d"
+msgstr "�ргумент не поддерживает�� дл� формата «%s»: -%d"
+
+#: attr.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "%.*s is not a valid attribute name"
+msgstr "%.*s не �вл�ет�� допу�тимым именем атрибута"
+
+#: attr.c:415
+msgid ""
+"Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
+"Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
+msgstr "Отрицающие шаблоны в атрибутах git игнорируют��.\nИ�пользуйте «\\!» дл� буквального и�пользовани� �имвола в значении «во�клицательный знак»."
+
+#: bisect.c:458
+#, c-format
+msgid "Badly quoted content in file '%s': %s"
+msgstr "Плохое �одержимое файла «%s»: %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:666
+#, c-format
+msgid "We cannot bisect more!\n"
+msgstr "�евозможно продолжить бинарный пои�к!\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid commit name %s"
+msgstr "�едопу�тимое им� коммита %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:744
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is bad.\n"
+"This means the bug has been fixed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr "База �ли�ни� %s �вл�ет�� плохим коммитом.\nЭто значит, что ошибка была и�правлена где-то между %s и [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:749
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is new.\n"
+"The property has changed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr "База �ли�ни� %s �вл�ет�� новой.\nСвой�тво было изменено где-то между %s и [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:754
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is %s.\n"
+"This means the first '%s' commit is between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr "База �ли�ни� %s �вл�ет�� %s.\nЭто значит, что «%s» коммит находит�� где-то между %s и [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:762
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Some %s revs are not ancestors of the %s rev.\n"
+"git bisect cannot work properly in this case.\n"
+"Maybe you mistook %s and %s revs?\n"
+msgstr "�е�колько %s коммитов не �вл�ют�� предками %s коммита.\nВ �том �лучае git bisect не может работать правильно.\nВозможно, вы перепутали редакции %s и %s ме�тами?\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:775
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the merge base between %s and [%s] must be skipped.\n"
+"So we cannot be sure the first %s commit is between %s and %s.\n"
+"We continue anyway."
+msgstr "База �ли�ни� между %s и [%s] должно быть пропущена.\nПо�тому мы не можем быть уверены, что первый %s коммит находит�� между %s и %s.\n�о в�е же продолжаем пои�к."
+
+#: bisect.c:810
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: a merge base must be tested\n"
+msgstr "Бинарный пои�к: база �ли�ни� должна быть проверена\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:862
+#, c-format
+msgid "a %s revision is needed"
+msgstr "нужно указать %s редакцию"
+
+#: bisect.c:879 builtin/notes.c:175 builtin/tag.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать файл «%s»"
+
+#: bisect.c:930
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read file '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать файл «%s»"
+
+#: bisect.c:960
+msgid "reading bisect refs failed"
+msgstr "�бой при чтении ��ылок двоичного пои�ка"
+
+#: bisect.c:979
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s was both %s and %s\n"
+msgstr "%s была одновременно и %s и %s\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:987
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No testable commit found.\n"
+"Maybe you started with bad path parameters?\n"
+msgstr "Те�тируемый коммит не найден.\nВозможно, вы начали пои�к � указанием неправильного параметра пути?\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:1006
+#, c-format
+msgid "(roughly %d step)"
+msgid_plural "(roughly %d steps)"
+msgstr[0] "(примерно %d шаг)"
+msgstr[1] "(примерно %d шага)"
+msgstr[2] "(примерно %d шагов)"
+msgstr[3] "(примерно %d шагов)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the last %s will be replaced with "(roughly %d
+#. steps)" translation.
+#: bisect.c:1012
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: %d revision left to test after this %s\n"
+msgid_plural "Bisecting: %d revisions left to test after this %s\n"
+msgstr[0] "Бинарный пои�к: %d редакцию о�тало�ь проверить по�ле �той %s\n"
+msgstr[1] "Бинарный пои�к: %d редакции о�тало�ь проверить по�ле �той %s\n"
+msgstr[2] "Бинарный пои�к: %d редакций о�тало�ь проверить по�ле �той %s\n"
+msgstr[3] "Бинарный пои�к: %d редакций о�тало�ь проверить по�ле �той %s\n"
+
+#: blame.c:1757
+msgid "--contents and --reverse do not blend well."
+msgstr "--contents и --reverse не очень �очетают��."
+
+#: blame.c:1768
+msgid "cannot use --contents with final commit object name"
+msgstr "нельз� и�пользовать --contents � указанием финального имени объекта"
+
+#: blame.c:1788
+msgid "--reverse and --first-parent together require specified latest commit"
+msgstr "при --reverse и --first-parent вме�те нужно указывать конкретный по�ледний коммит"
+
+#: blame.c:1797 bundle.c:169 ref-filter.c:1981 sequencer.c:1177
+#: sequencer.c:2370 builtin/commit.c:1066 builtin/log.c:364 builtin/log.c:918
+#: builtin/log.c:1368 builtin/log.c:1697 builtin/log.c:1945
+#: builtin/merge.c:369 builtin/shortlog.c:191
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr "�бой инициализации прохода по редакци�м"
+
+#: blame.c:1815
+msgid ""
+"--reverse --first-parent together require range along first-parent chain"
+msgstr "при указании --reverse и --first-parent вме�те, требует�� также указать диапазон по цепочке первого родител�"
+
+#: blame.c:1826
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such path %s in %s"
+msgstr "нет такого пути %s в %s"
+
+#: blame.c:1837
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read blob %s for path %s"
+msgstr "невозможно прочитать объект %s дл� пути %s"
+
+#: branch.c:53
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"After fixing the error cause you may try to fix up\n"
+"the remote tracking information by invoking\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
+msgstr "\nПо�ле и�правлени� причины ошибки,\nвы можете и�править информацию об от�леживаемой\nвнешней ветке, � помощью команды\n«git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s»."
+
+#: branch.c:67
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
+msgstr "�е у�танавливаю ветку %s, так так она принадлежит выше�то�щему репозиторию."
+
+#: branch.c:93
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr "Ветка «%s» от�леживает внешнюю ветку «%s» из «%s» перемещением."
+
+#: branch.c:94
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s'."
+msgstr "Ветка «%s» от�леживает внешнюю ветку «%s» из «%s»."
+
+#: branch.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr "Ветка «%s» от�леживает локальную ветку «%s» перемещением."
+
+#: branch.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Ветка «%s» от�леживает локальную ветку «%s»."
+
+#: branch.c:104
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr "Ветка «%s» от�леживает внешнюю ��ылку «%s» перемещением."
+
+#: branch.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s'."
+msgstr "Ветка «%s» от�леживает внешнюю ��ылку «%s»."
+
+#: branch.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr "Ветка «%s» от�леживает локальную ��ылку «%s» перемещением."
+
+#: branch.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s'."
+msgstr "Ветка «%s» от�леживает локальную ��ылку «%s»."
+
+#: branch.c:119
+msgid "Unable to write upstream branch configuration"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь запи�ать на�тройки выше�то�щей ветки"
+
+#: branch.c:156
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"
+msgstr "�е от�леживает��: неоднозначна� информаци� дл� ��ылки %s"
+
+#: branch.c:189
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid branch name."
+msgstr "«%s» не �вл�ет�� дей�твительным именем ветки."
+
+#: branch.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Ветка � именем «%s» уже �уще�твует."
+
+#: branch.c:213
+msgid "Cannot force update the current branch."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь принудительно обновить текущую ветку."
+
+#: branch.c:233
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь на�троить информацию от�леживани�; �тартова� точка «%s» не �вл�ет�� веткой."
+
+#: branch.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "запрошенна� ветка выше�то�щего репозитори� «%s» не �уще�твует"
+
+#: branch.c:237
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
+"branch that already exists at the remote, you may need to\n"
+"run \"git fetch\" to retrieve it.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you are planning to push out a new local branch that\n"
+"will track its remote counterpart, you may want to use\n"
+"\"git push -u\" to set the upstream config as you push."
+msgstr "\nЕ�ли вы планируете о�новывать �вою работу на выше�то�щей ветке, котора� уже �уще�твует во внешнем репозитории, вам может потребовать�� запу�тить «git fetch» дл� ее получени�.\n\nЕ�ли вы планируете отправить новую локальную ветку, котора� будет от�леживать��, во внешний репозиторий, вам может потребовать�� запу�тить «git push -u» — чтобы �охранить на�тройку выше�то�щего репозитори� дл� отправки."
+
+#: branch.c:280
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'."
+msgstr "�едопу�тимое им� объекта: «%s»."
+
+#: branch.c:300
+#, c-format
+msgid "Ambiguous object name: '%s'."
+msgstr "�еоднозначное им� объекта: «%s»."
+
+#: branch.c:305
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid branch point: '%s'."
+msgstr "�едопу�тима� точка ветки: «%s»."
+
+#: branch.c:359
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "«%s» уже находит�� на «%s»"
+
+#: branch.c:382
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD of working tree %s is not updated"
+msgstr "HEAD рабочего каталога %s не обновлён"
+
+#: bundle.c:34
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
+msgstr "«%s» не похож на файл пакета вер�ии 2"
+
+#: bundle.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
+msgstr "неопознанный заголовок: %s%s (%d)"
+
+#: bundle.c:88 sequencer.c:1360 sequencer.c:1807 sequencer.c:2637
+#: sequencer.c:2663 sequencer.c:2754 sequencer.c:2856 builtin/commit.c:782
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть «%s»"
+
+#: bundle.c:140
+msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
+msgstr "В репозитории от�ут�твуют необходимые коммиты:"
+
+#: bundle.c:193
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle contains this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle contains these %d refs:"
+msgstr[0] "Пакет �одержит �ту %d ��ылку:"
+msgstr[1] "Пакет �одержит �ти %d ��ылки:"
+msgstr[2] "Пакет �одержит �ти %d ��ылок:"
+msgstr[3] "Пакет �одержит �ти %d ��ылок:"
+
+#: bundle.c:200
+msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
+msgstr "Пакет �одержит полную и�торию."
+
+#: bundle.c:202
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle requires this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs:"
+msgstr[0] "Пакет требует �ту %d ��ылку:"
+msgstr[1] "Пакет требует �ти %d ��ылки:"
+msgstr[2] "Пакет требует �ти %d ��ылок:"
+msgstr[3] "Пакет требует �ти %d ��ылок:"
+
+#: bundle.c:261
+msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �оздать объекты пакета"
+
+#: bundle.c:272
+msgid "pack-objects died"
+msgstr "критиче�ка� ошибка pack-objects"
+
+#: bundle.c:314
+msgid "rev-list died"
+msgstr "критиче�ка� ошибка rev-list"
+
+#: bundle.c:363
+#, c-format
+msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
+msgstr "��ылка «%s» и�ключена в �оответ�твии � опци�ми rev-list"
+
+#: bundle.c:453 builtin/log.c:181 builtin/log.c:1604 builtin/shortlog.c:296
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
+msgstr "неопознанный аргумент: %s"
+
+#: bundle.c:461
+msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
+msgstr "Отклонение �оздани� пу�того пакета."
+
+#: bundle.c:473
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot create '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать «%s»"
+
+#: bundle.c:501
+msgid "index-pack died"
+msgstr "критиче�ка� ошибка index-pack"
+
+#: color.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid color value: %.*s"
+msgstr "недопу�тимое значение цвета: %.*s"
+
+#: commit.c:41 sequencer.c:1614 builtin/am.c:421 builtin/am.c:465
+#: builtin/am.c:1434 builtin/am.c:2069
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать %s"
+
+#: commit.c:43
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "%s %s не �вл�ет�� коммитом!"
+
+#: commit.c:1524
+msgid ""
+"Warning: commit message did not conform to UTF-8.\n"
+"You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
+"variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n"
+msgstr "Предупреждение: �ообщение коммита не �оответ�твует UTF-8.\nВозможно, вы захотите и�править его по�ле и�правлени� �ообщени�\nили на�троить опцию i18n.commitencoding и указать кодировку\n�ообщений, которую и�пользует ваш проект.\n"
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:405 compat/obstack.c:407
+msgid "memory exhausted"
+msgstr "пам�ть и�черпана"
+
+#: config.c:186
+msgid "relative config include conditionals must come from files"
+msgstr "отно�ительные у�ловные включени� конфигурации должны и�ходить из файлов"
+
+#: config.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in blob %s"
+msgstr "ошибка в %d �троке двоичного объекта %s"
+
+#: config.c:724
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in file %s"
+msgstr "ошибка в %d �троке файла %s"
+
+#: config.c:728
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in standard input"
+msgstr "ошибка в %d �троке �тандартного ввода"
+
+#: config.c:732
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in submodule-blob %s"
+msgstr "ошибка в %d �троке двоичного объекта подмодул� %s"
+
+#: config.c:736
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in command line %s"
+msgstr "ошибка в %d �троке коммандной �троки %s"
+
+#: config.c:740
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in %s"
+msgstr "ошибка в %d �троке в %s"
+
+#: config.c:868
+msgid "out of range"
+msgstr "вне диапазона"
+
+#: config.c:868
+msgid "invalid unit"
+msgstr "неправильное чи�ло"
+
+#: config.c:874
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': %s"
+msgstr "неправильное чи�ловое значение «%s» дл� «%s»: %s"
+
+#: config.c:879
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in blob %s: %s"
+msgstr "неправильное чи�ловое значение «%s» дл� «%s» в двоичном объекте %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:882
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in file %s: %s"
+msgstr "неправильное чи�ловое значение «%s» дл� «%s» в файле %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:885
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in standard input: %s"
+msgstr "неправильное чи�ловое значение «%s» дл� «%s» на �тандартном вводе: %s"
+
+#: config.c:888
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in submodule-blob %s: %s"
+msgstr "неправильное чи�ловое значение «%s» дл� «%s» в двоичном объекте подмодул� %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:891
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in command line %s: %s"
+msgstr "неправильное чи�ловое значение «%s» дл� «%s» на коммандной �троке %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:894
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
+msgstr "неправильное чи�ловое значение «%s» дл� «%s» в %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:989
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to expand user dir in: '%s'"
+msgstr "�бой разворачивани� пути каталога пользовател�: «%s»"
+
+#: config.c:998
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
+msgstr "«%s» дл� «%s» не �вл�ет�� допу�тимой меткой даты/времени"
+
+#: config.c:1094 config.c:1105
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad zlib compression level %d"
+msgstr "неправильный уровень �жати� zlib %d"
+
+#: config.c:1222
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid mode for object creation: %s"
+msgstr "недопу�тимый режим �оздани� объекта: %s"
+
+#: config.c:1378
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack compression level %d"
+msgstr "неправильный уровень �жати� пакета %d"
+
+#: config.c:1574
+msgid "unable to parse command-line config"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать конфигурацию из командной �троки"
+
+#: config.c:1906
+msgid "unknown error occurred while reading the configuration files"
+msgstr "произошла неизве�тна� ошибка при чтении файлов конфигурации"
+
+#: config.c:2093
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "�едей�твительный %s: «%s»"
+
+#: config.c:2136
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown core.untrackedCache value '%s'; using 'keep' default value"
+msgstr "неизве�тное значение «%s» дл� core.untrackedCache; и�пользую �тандартное значение «keep»"
+
+#: config.c:2162
+#, c-format
+msgid "splitIndex.maxPercentChange value '%d' should be between 0 and 100"
+msgstr "значение «%d» дл� splitIndex.maxPercentChange должно быть от 0 до 100"
+
+#: config.c:2187
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse '%s' from command-line config"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать «%s» в конфигурации из командной �троки"
+
+#: config.c:2189
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config variable '%s' in file '%s' at line %d"
+msgstr "неправильна� переменна� конфигурации «%s» в файле «%s» на �троке %d"
+
+#: config.c:2248
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has multiple values"
+msgstr "%s имеет не�колько значений"
+
+#: config.c:2591 config.c:2808
+#, c-format
+msgid "fstat on %s failed"
+msgstr "�бой при выполнении fstat на файле %s"
+
+#: config.c:2698
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not set '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь у�тановить «%s» в «%s»"
+
+#: config.c:2700 builtin/remote.c:776
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not unset '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �бро�ить значение дл� «%s»"
+
+#: connect.c:52
+msgid "The remote end hung up upon initial contact"
+msgstr "Внешний �ервер от�оединил�� до начала �еан�а �в�зи"
+
+#: connect.c:54
+msgid ""
+"Could not read from remote repository.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please make sure you have the correct access rights\n"
+"and the repository exists."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь прочитать из внешнего репозитори�.\n\nУдо�товерьте�ь, что у ва� е�ть необходимые права до�тупа\nи репозиторий �уще�твует."
+
+#: connected.c:64 builtin/fsck.c:183 builtin/prune.c:141
+msgid "Checking connectivity"
+msgstr "Проверка �оединени�"
+
+#: connected.c:76
+msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь запу�тить «git rev-list»"
+
+#: connected.c:96
+msgid "failed write to rev-list"
+msgstr "�бой запи�и в rev-list"
+
+#: connected.c:103
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin"
+msgstr "�бой закрыти� �тандартного ввода у rev-list"
+
+#: convert.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CRLF will be replaced by LF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr "CRLF будет заменен на LF в %s.\nФайл будет иметь �вои оригинальные концы �трок в вашей рабочей копии."
+
+#: convert.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "CRLF would be replaced by LF in %s."
+msgstr "CRLF будет заменен на LF в %s."
+
+#: convert.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"LF will be replaced by CRLF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr "LF будет заменен на CRLF в %s.\nФайл будет иметь �вои оригинальные концы �трок в вашей рабочей копии."
+
+#: convert.c:219
+#, c-format
+msgid "LF would be replaced by CRLF in %s"
+msgstr "LF будет заменен на CRLF в %s"
+
+#: date.c:116
+msgid "in the future"
+msgstr "в будущем"
+
+#: date.c:122
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> second ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> seconds ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> �екунда назад"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> �екунды назад"
+msgstr[2] "%<PRIuMAX> �екунд назад"
+msgstr[3] "%<PRIuMAX> �екунды назад"
+
+#: date.c:129
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> minutes ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> минута назад"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> минуты назад"
+msgstr[2] "%<PRIuMAX> минут назад"
+msgstr[3] "%<PRIuMAX> минуты назад"
+
+#: date.c:136
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> hours ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> ча� назад"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> ча�а назад"
+msgstr[2] "%<PRIuMAX> ча�ов назад"
+msgstr[3] "%<PRIuMAX> ча�а назад"
+
+#: date.c:143
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> day ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> days ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> день назад"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> дн� назад"
+msgstr[2] "%<PRIuMAX> дней назад"
+msgstr[3] "%<PRIuMAX> дн� назад"
+
+#: date.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> week ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> weeks ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> неделю назад"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> недели назад"
+msgstr[2] "%<PRIuMAX> недель назад"
+msgstr[3] "%<PRIuMAX> недели назад"
+
+#: date.c:156
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> ме��ц назад"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> ме��ца назад"
+msgstr[2] "%<PRIuMAX> ме��цев назад"
+msgstr[3] "%<PRIuMAX> ме��ца назад"
+
+#: date.c:167
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> год"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> года"
+msgstr[2] "%<PRIuMAX> лет"
+msgstr[3] "%<PRIuMAX> года"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: "%s" is "<n> years"
+#: date.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, %<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%s, %<PRIuMAX> ме��ц назад"
+msgstr[1] "%s, %<PRIuMAX> ме��ца назад"
+msgstr[2] "%s, %<PRIuMAX> ме��цев назад"
+msgstr[3] "%s, %<PRIuMAX> ме��ца назад"
+
+#: date.c:175 date.c:180
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> год назад"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> года назад"
+msgstr[2] "%<PRIuMAX> лет назад"
+msgstr[3] "%<PRIuMAX> года назад"
+
+#: diffcore-order.c:24
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read orderfile '%s'"
+msgstr "�бой чтени� orderfile «%s»"
+
+#: diffcore-rename.c:535
+msgid "Performing inexact rename detection"
+msgstr "Выполн�ет�� неточное определение переименовани�"
+
+#: diff.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' requires a value"
+msgstr "параметр «%s» требует указани� значени�"
+
+#: diff.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
+msgstr "  Сбой разбора величины �реза (cut-off) у dirstat «%s»\n"
+
+#: diff.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
+msgstr "�еизве�тный параметр dirstat: «%s»\n"
+
+#: diff.c:281
+msgid ""
+"color moved setting must be one of 'no', 'default', 'zebra', 'dimmed_zebra',"
+" 'plain'"
+msgstr "значение на�тройки цвета дл� перемещённых �трок должно быть одно из «no» «default», «zebra», «dimmed_zebra», «plain»"
+
+#: diff.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
+msgstr "�еизве�тное значени� дл� переменной «diff.submodule»: «%s»"
+
+#: diff.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr "�айдены ошибки в переменной «diff.dirstat»:\n%s"
+
+#: diff.c:3799
+#, c-format
+msgid "external diff died, stopping at %s"
+msgstr "критиче�ка� ошибка при внешнем �равнении, о�танов на %s"
+
+#: diff.c:4127
+msgid "--name-only, --name-status, --check and -s are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "--name-only, --name-status, --check и -s нельз� и�пользовать одновременно"
+
+#: diff.c:4215
+msgid "--follow requires exactly one pathspec"
+msgstr "--follow требует ровно одного �пецификатора пути"
+
+#: diff.c:4381
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr "Сбой разбора параметра опции --dirstat/-X :\n%s"
+
+#: diff.c:4395
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
+msgstr "Сбой разбора параметра опции --submodule: «%s»"
+
+#: diff.c:5446
+msgid "inexact rename detection was skipped due to too many files."
+msgstr "неточное определение переименовани� было пропущено из-за �лишком большого количе�тва файлов."
+
+#: diff.c:5449
+msgid "only found copies from modified paths due to too many files."
+msgstr "найдены только копии из измененных путей из-за �лишком большого количе�тва файлов."
+
+#: diff.c:5452
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you may want to set your %s variable to at least %d and retry the command."
+msgstr "возможно вы захотите у�тановить переменную %s в как минимум значение %d и повторить вызов команды."
+
+#: dir.c:2100
+msgid "failed to get kernel name and information"
+msgstr "не удало�ь получить им� �дра и информацию"
+
+#: dir.c:2219
+msgid "Untracked cache is disabled on this system or location."
+msgstr "К�ш неот�леживаемых файлов отключен на �той �и�теме или в �том ме�те."
+
+#: dir.c:3002 dir.c:3007
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directories for %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать каталоги дл� %s"
+
+#: dir.c:3032
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not migrate git directory from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь переме�тить каталог git � «%s» в «%s»"
+
+#: editor.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: Waiting for your editor to close the file...%c"
+msgstr "под�казка: Ожидание, пока вы закроете редактор � файлом…%c"
+
+#: entry.c:177
+msgid "Filtering content"
+msgstr "Фильтрует�� �одержимое"
+
+#: entry.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat file '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить stat дл� файла «%s»"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:252
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected shallow list"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: ожидает�� передача �пи�ка дл� получение ча�ти"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:264
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: ожидает�� ACK/NAK, а получено EOF"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:283 builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr "ошибка внешнего репозитори�: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: ожидает�� ACK/NAK, а получено «%s»"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:336
+msgid "--stateless-rpc requires multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "--stateless-rpc требует multi_ack_detailed"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:422
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid shallow line: %s"
+msgstr "неправильна� �трока ча�тичного получени�: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:428
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid unshallow line: %s"
+msgstr "неправильна� �трока полного получени�: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:430
+#, c-format
+msgid "object not found: %s"
+msgstr "объект не найден: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:433
+#, c-format
+msgid "error in object: %s"
+msgstr "ошибка в объекте: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "no shallow found: %s"
+msgstr "ча�тичный клон не найден: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:438
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected shallow/unshallow, got %s"
+msgstr "ожидало�ь shallow/unshallow, а получено %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:477
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s %d %s"
+msgstr "получено %s %d %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:491
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit %s"
+msgstr "недопу�тимый коммит %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:524
+msgid "giving up"
+msgstr "о�танавливаю дальнейшие попытки"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:534 progress.c:229
+msgid "done"
+msgstr "готово"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:546
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s (%d) %s"
+msgstr "получено %s (%d) %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:592
+#, c-format
+msgid "Marking %s as complete"
+msgstr "Помечаю %s как завершенный"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:777
+#, c-format
+msgid "already have %s (%s)"
+msgstr "уже е�ть %s (%s)"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:815
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "fetch-pack: не удало�ь запу�тить программу разбора данных"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:823
+msgid "protocol error: bad pack header"
+msgstr "ошибка протокола: неправильный заголовок потока"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:879
+#, c-format
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off %s"
+msgstr "fetch-pack: не удало�ь запу�тить программу %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:895
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s failed"
+msgstr "%s завершен � ошибкой"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:897
+msgid "error in sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "произошла  ошибка в  программе разбора данных"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:924
+msgid "Server does not support shallow clients"
+msgstr "Сервер не поддерживает клиентов � ча�тичным клонированием"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:928
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "Сервер поддерживает multi_ack_detailed"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:931
+msgid "Server supports no-done"
+msgstr "Сервер поддерживает no-done"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:937
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack"
+msgstr "Сервер поддерживает multi_ack"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:941
+msgid "Server supports side-band-64k"
+msgstr "Сервер поддерживает side-band-64k"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:945
+msgid "Server supports side-band"
+msgstr "Сервер поддерживает side-band"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:949
+msgid "Server supports allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "Сервер поддерживает allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:953
+msgid "Server supports allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "Сервер поддерживает allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:963
+msgid "Server supports ofs-delta"
+msgstr "Сервер поддерживает ofs-delta"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:970
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server version is %.*s"
+msgstr "Вер�и� �ервера %.*s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:976
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-since"
+msgstr "Сервер не поддерживает --shallow-since"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:980
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-exclude"
+msgstr "Сервер не поддерживает --shallow-exclude"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:982
+msgid "Server does not support --deepen"
+msgstr "Сервер не поддерживает --deepen"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:993
+msgid "no common commits"
+msgstr "не общих коммитов"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1005
+msgid "git fetch-pack: fetch failed."
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: ошибка при получении данных."
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1167
+msgid "no matching remote head"
+msgstr "нет �оотве�твующего внешнего указател� на ветку"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1189
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such remote ref %s"
+msgstr "нет такой внешней ��ылки %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1192
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server does not allow request for unadvertised object %s"
+msgstr "Сервер не поддерживает запро� необъ�вленного объекта %s"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:181
+msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
+msgstr "gpg не удало�ь подпи�ать данные"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:211
+msgid "could not create temporary file"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать временный файл"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:214
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s'"
+msgstr "�бой запи�и от�оединенной подпи�и в «%s»"
+
+#: graph.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignore invalid color '%.*s' in log.graphColors"
+msgstr "игнорирую недопу�тимый цвет «%.*s» в log.graphColors"
+
+#: grep.c:2017
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
+msgstr "«%s»: не удало�ь проче�ть %s"
+
+#: grep.c:2034 builtin/clone.c:404 builtin/diff.c:81 builtin/rm.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить stat «%s»"
+
+#: grep.c:2045
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': short read"
+msgstr "«%s»: �лишком мало данных прочитано"
+
+#: help.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
+msgstr "до�тупные команды git в «%s»"
+
+#: help.c:186
+msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
+msgstr "команды git, до�тупные в других ме�тах вашего $PATH"
+
+#: help.c:217
+msgid "These are common Git commands used in various situations:"
+msgstr "Стандартные команды Git и�пользуемые в различных �итуаци�х:"
+
+#: help.c:281
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
+"able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
+msgstr "«%s» похоже на команду git, но нам не удало�ь ее запу�тить. Возможно, git-%s  не работает?"
+
+#: help.c:336
+msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
+msgstr "Ой-ёй! Ваша �и�тема не �ообщает ни о каких командах Git вообще."
+
+#: help.c:358
+#, c-format
+msgid "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist."
+msgstr "Внимание: Вы запу�тили не �уще�твующую команду Git «%s»."
+
+#: help.c:363
+#, c-format
+msgid "Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr "Продолжаю, предполага�, что вы имели в виду «%s»."
+
+#: help.c:368
+#, c-format
+msgid "Continuing in %0.1f seconds, assuming that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr "Продолжу через %0.1f �екунд, предполага�, что вы имели в виду «%s»."
+
+#: help.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
+msgstr "git: «%s» не �вл�ет�� командой git. Смотрите «git --help»."
+
+#: help.c:380
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar command is"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar commands are"
+msgstr[0] "\nСамые похожие команды:"
+msgstr[1] "\nСамые похожие команды:"
+msgstr[2] "\nСамые похожие команды:"
+msgstr[3] "\nСамые похожие команды:"
+
+#: help.c:395
+msgid "git version [<options>]"
+msgstr "git version [<options>]"
+
+#: help.c:462
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s - %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s — %s"
+
+#: help.c:466
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean this?"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean one of these?"
+msgstr[0] "\nВозможно, вы имели в виду �то?"
+msgstr[1] "\nВозможно, вы имели в виду что-то из �того?"
+msgstr[2] "\nВозможно, вы имели в виду что-то из �того?"
+msgstr[3] "\nВозможно, вы имели в виду что-то из �того?"
+
+#: ident.c:342
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"*** Please tell me who you are.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"\n"
+"to set your account's default identity.\n"
+"Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr "\n*** Пожалуй�та, �кажите мне кто вы е�ть.\n\nЗапу�тите\n\n  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n  git config --global user.name \"Ваше Им�\"\n\nдл� указани� идентификационных данных аккаунта по умолчанию.\nПропу�тите параметр --global дл� указани� данных только дл� �того репозитори�.\n\n"
+
+#: ident.c:366
+msgid "no email was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "адре� �лектронной почты не указан и автоопределение отключено"
+
+#: ident.c:371
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to auto-detect email address (got '%s')"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить автоопределение адре�а �лектронной почты (получено «%s»)"
+
+#: ident.c:381
+msgid "no name was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "им� не указано и автоопределение отключено"
+
+#: ident.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to auto-detect name (got '%s')"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить автоопределение имени (получено «%s»)"
+
+#: ident.c:395
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty ident name (for <%s>) not allowed"
+msgstr "пу�тое им� идентификатора (дл� <%s>) не разрешено"
+
+#: ident.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "name consists only of disallowed characters: %s"
+msgstr "им� �о�тоит только из неразрешенных �имоволов: %s"
+
+#: ident.c:416 builtin/commit.c:616
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid date format: %s"
+msgstr "неправильный формат даты: %s"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:30
+msgid "multiple object filter types cannot be combined"
+msgstr "невозможно и�пользовать фильтр по не�кольким типам объектов"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:41 list-objects-filter-options.c:68
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid filter-spec expression '%s'"
+msgstr "недопу�тимое выражение �пецификатора фильтра «%s»"
+
+#: lockfile.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to create '%s.lock': %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another git process seems to be running in this repository, e.g.\n"
+"an editor opened by 'git commit'. Please make sure all processes\n"
+"are terminated then try again. If it still fails, a git process\n"
+"may have crashed in this repository earlier:\n"
+"remove the file manually to continue."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �оздать «%s.lock»: %s.\n\nПохоже, что другой проце�� git запущен в �том репозитории,\nнапример редактор открыт из «git commit». Пожалуй�та, убедите�ь,\nчто в�е проце��ы были завершены и потом попробуйте �нова.\nЕ�ли �то не поможет, то возможно проце�� git был ранее завершен\n� ошибкой в �том репозитории: \nудалите файл вручную дл� продолжени�."
+
+#: lockfile.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to create '%s.lock': %s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �оздать «%s.lock»: %s"
+
+#: merge.c:74
+msgid "failed to read the cache"
+msgstr "�бой чтени� к�ша"
+
+#: merge.c:128 builtin/am.c:1943 builtin/am.c:1977 builtin/checkout.c:379
+#: builtin/checkout.c:600 builtin/clone.c:754
+msgid "unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запи�ать новый файл индек�а"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:235
+msgid "(bad commit)\n"
+msgstr "(плохой коммит)\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:257 merge-recursive.c:265
+#, c-format
+msgid "addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "�бой addinfo_cache дл� пути «%s»"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:329
+msgid "error building trees"
+msgstr "ошибка при по�троении деревьев"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:752
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create path '%s'%s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать путь «%s»%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:763
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"
+msgstr "Удаление %s, чтобы о�вободить ме�то дл� подкаталогов\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:777 merge-recursive.c:796
+msgid ": perhaps a D/F conflict?"
+msgstr ": возможно, конфликт каталогов/файлов?"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:786
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"
+msgstr "отказ потери неот�леживаемого файла в «%s»"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:828 builtin/cat-file.c:37
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s '%s'"
+msgstr "невозможно прочитать объект %s «%s»"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:830
+#, c-format
+msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
+msgstr "ожидает�� двоичный объект дл� %s «%s»"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:854
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to open '%s': %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть «%s»: %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:865
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to symlink '%s': %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать �имвольную ��ылку «%s»: %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:870
+#, c-format
+msgid "do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"
+msgstr "не пон�тно, что делать � %06o %s «%s»"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1010
+msgid "Failed to execute internal merge"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь запу�тить внутреннее �ли�ние"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1014
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add %s to database"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь добавить %s в базу данных"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1117
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree."
+msgstr "КО�ФЛИКТ (%s/удаление): %s удалено в %s и %s в %s. Вер�и� %s из %s о�тавлена в дереве."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1122
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree."
+msgstr "КО�ФЛИКТ (%s/удаление): %s удалено в %s и от %s до %s в %s. Вер�и� %s из %s о�тавлена в дереве."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1129
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree at %s."
+msgstr "КО�ФЛИКТ (%s/удаление): %s удалено в %s и %s в %s. Вер�и� %s из %s о�тавлена в дереве на %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree at %s."
+msgstr "КО�ФЛИКТ (%s/удаление): %s удалено в %s и от %s до %s в %s. Вер�и� %s из %s о�тавлена в дереве на %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1168
+msgid "rename"
+msgstr "переименование"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1168
+msgid "renamed"
+msgstr "переименовано"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1225
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "%s — �то каталог в %s, добавл�ем как %s вме�то �того"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1250
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" rename "
+"\"%s\"->\"%s\" in \"%s\"%s"
+msgstr "КО�ФЛИКТ (переименование/переименование): Переименование «%s»→«%s» в ветке «%s» и переименование «%s»→«%s» в ветке «%s»%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1255
+msgid " (left unresolved)"
+msgstr " (о�тавлено неразрешенным)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1317
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename %s->%s in %s. Rename %s->%s in %s"
+msgstr "КО�ФЛИКТ (переименование/переименование): Переименование «%s»→«%s» в ветке «%s» и переименование «%s»→«%s» в ветке «%s»"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1350
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
+msgstr "Переименовываю %s в %s и %s в %s вме�то �того"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1553
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. %s added in %s"
+msgstr "КО�ФЛИКТ (переименование/добавление): Переименование «%s»→«%s» в ветке «%s» и добавление «%s» в ветке «%s»"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1568
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding merged %s"
+msgstr "Добавление �литого %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1575 merge-recursive.c:1805
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "Добавление вме�то �того как %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1632
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s"
+msgstr "невозможно прочитать объект «%s»"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1635
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s is not a blob"
+msgstr "объект %s не �вл�ет�� двоичным объектом"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1704
+msgid "modify"
+msgstr "изменение"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1704
+msgid "modified"
+msgstr "изменено"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1714
+msgid "content"
+msgstr "�одержимое"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1721
+msgid "add/add"
+msgstr "добавление/добавление"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1757
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"
+msgstr "Пропу�к %s (�литы одинаковые изменени� как �уще�твующие)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1771
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto-merging %s"
+msgstr "�вто�ли�ние %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1775 git-submodule.sh:932
+msgid "submodule"
+msgstr "подмодуль"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1776
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"
+msgstr "КО�ФЛИКТ (%s): Конфликт �ли�ни� в %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1870
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s"
+msgstr "Удаление %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1896
+msgid "file/directory"
+msgstr "файл/каталог"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1902
+msgid "directory/file"
+msgstr "каталог/файл"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1909
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. Adding %s as %s"
+msgstr "КО�ФЛИКТ (%s): Уже �уще�твует каталог � именем «%s» в «%s». Добавление «%s» как «%s»"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1918
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "Добавление %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1958
+#, c-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot merge (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "Индек� не пу�той: не могу �лить (в индек�е: %s)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1962
+msgid "Already up to date!"
+msgstr "Уже обновлено!"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1971
+#, c-format
+msgid "merging of trees %s and %s failed"
+msgstr "�бой �ли�ни� деревьев «%s» и «%s»"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2068
+msgid "Merging:"
+msgstr "Сли�ние:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2081
+#, c-format
+msgid "found %u common ancestor:"
+msgid_plural "found %u common ancestors:"
+msgstr[0] "найден %u общий предок:"
+msgstr[1] "найдено %u общих предка:"
+msgstr[2] "найдено %u общих предков:"
+msgstr[3] "найдено %u общих предков:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2120
+msgid "merge returned no commit"
+msgstr "�ли�ние не вернуло коммит"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2183
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь разобрать объект «%s»"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2197 builtin/merge.c:656 builtin/merge.c:815
+msgid "Unable to write index."
+msgstr "�е удает�� запи�ать индек�."
+
+#: notes-merge.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your previous notes merge (%s exists).\n"
+"Please, use 'git notes merge --commit' or 'git notes merge --abort' to commit/abort the previous merge before you start a new notes merge."
+msgstr "Вы не закончили предыдущее �ли�ние заметок (%s �уще�твует).\nЗапу�тите «git notes merge --commit» или «git notes merge --abort» дл� коммита или отмены предыдущего �ли�ни� и запу�ка нового �ли�ни� заметок."
+
+#: notes-merge.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "You have not concluded your notes merge (%s exists)."
+msgstr "Вы не закончили предыдущее �ли�ние заметок (%s �уще�твует)."
+
+#: notes-utils.c:42
+msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
+msgstr "�ельз� закоммитить неинициализированное или не имеющее ��ылок дерево заметок"
+
+#: notes-utils.c:101
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
+msgstr "�еправильное значение notes.rewriteMode: «%s»"
+
+#: notes-utils.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "Отказ в перезапи�и заметок в %s (за пределами refs/notes/)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of
+#. the environment variable, the second %s is
+#. its value.
+#: notes-utils.c:141
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
+msgstr "�еправильное значение переменной %s: «%s»"
+
+#: object.c:239
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse object: %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать объект: %s"
+
+#: packfile.c:556
+msgid "offset before end of packfile (broken .idx?)"
+msgstr "�двиг до конца файла пакета (возможно, повреждён файл .idx?)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1683
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset before start of pack index for %s (corrupt index?)"
+msgstr "�двиг до начала индек�а пакета дл� %s (повреждён индек�?)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1687
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset beyond end of pack index for %s (truncated index?)"
+msgstr "�двиг за пределами индек�а пакета дл� %s (обрезан индек�?)"
+
+#: parse-options.c:573
+msgid "..."
+msgstr "…"
+
+#: parse-options.c:592
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s"
+msgstr "и�пользование: %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation.
+#: parse-options.c:598
+#, c-format
+msgid "   or: %s"
+msgstr "          или: %s"
+
+#: parse-options.c:601
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %s"
+msgstr "            %s"
+
+#: parse-options.c:640
+msgid "-NUM"
+msgstr "-КОЛИЧЕСТВО"
+
+#: parse-options-cb.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr "�еправильное им� объекта «%s»"
+
+#: path.c:891
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь предо�тавить до�туп к %s на запи�ь"
+
+#: pathspec.c:129
+msgid "Escape character '\\' not allowed as last character in attr value"
+msgstr "Управл�ющий �имвол «\\» не разрешен как по�ледний �имвол в значении attr"
+
+#: pathspec.c:147
+msgid "Only one 'attr:' specification is allowed."
+msgstr "Разрешен только один �пецификатор «attr:»."
+
+#: pathspec.c:150
+msgid "attr spec must not be empty"
+msgstr "�пецификатор attr не должен быть пу�той"
+
+#: pathspec.c:193
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid attribute name %s"
+msgstr "недопу�тимое им� атрибута %s"
+
+#: pathspec.c:258
+msgid "global 'glob' and 'noglob' pathspec settings are incompatible"
+msgstr "глобальные опции �пецификаторов пути «glob» и «noglob» нельз� и�пользовать одновременно"
+
+#: pathspec.c:265
+msgid ""
+"global 'literal' pathspec setting is incompatible with all other global "
+"pathspec settings"
+msgstr "глобальна� опци� �пецификатора пути «literal» не �овме�тима � другими глобальными �пецификаторами до�тупа"
+
+#: pathspec.c:305
+msgid "invalid parameter for pathspec magic 'prefix'"
+msgstr "неправильный параметр дл� магиче�кого �лова «prefix» в �пецификаторе пути "
+
+#: pathspec.c:326
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid pathspec magic '%.*s' in '%s'"
+msgstr "неправильное магиче�кое �лово «%.*s» в �пецификаторе пути «%s»"
+
+#: pathspec.c:331
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing ')' at the end of pathspec magic in '%s'"
+msgstr "Пропущено «)» в конце магиче�кого �лова �пецификатора пути «%s»"
+
+#: pathspec.c:369
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unimplemented pathspec magic '%c' in '%s'"
+msgstr "�ереализованное магиче�кое �лово «%c» �пецификатора пути «%s»"
+
+#: pathspec.c:428
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: 'literal' and 'glob' are incompatible"
+msgstr "%s: «literal» и «glob» не �овме�тимы"
+
+#: pathspec.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: '%s' is outside repository"
+msgstr "%s: «%s» вне репозитори�"
+
+#: pathspec.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' (mnemonic: '%c')"
+msgstr "«%s» (мнемоника: «%c»)"
+
+#: pathspec.c:525
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: pathspec magic not supported by this command: %s"
+msgstr "%s: магиче�кие �лова в �пецификаторе пути не поддерживают�� командой: %s"
+
+#: pathspec.c:592
+#, c-format
+msgid "pathspec '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "�пецификатор пути «%s» находит�� за �имволиче�кой ��ылкой"
+
+#: pretty.c:962
+msgid "unable to parse --pretty format"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать формат дл� --pretty"
+
+#: read-cache.c:1472
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"index.version set, but the value is invalid.\n"
+"Using version %i"
+msgstr "index.version указан, но значение недей�твительное.\nИ�пользую вер�ию %i"
+
+#: read-cache.c:1482
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"GIT_INDEX_VERSION set, but the value is invalid.\n"
+"Using version %i"
+msgstr "GIT_INDEX_VERSION указан, но значение недей�твительное.\nИ�пользую вер�ию %i"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2370 sequencer.c:2731 wrapper.c:658 builtin/merge.c:1048
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not close '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь закрыть «%s»"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2442 sequencer.c:1369 sequencer.c:2096
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить stat дл� «%s»"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2455
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open git dir: %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть каталог git: %s"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2467
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to unlink: %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь от�оединить: %s"
+
+#: refs.c:706
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь открыть «%s» дл� запи�и"
+
+#: refs.c:1850
+msgid "ref updates forbidden inside quarantine environment"
+msgstr "обновление ��ылок запрещено в изолированном окружении"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1189
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove reference %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь удалить ��ылки %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1203 refs/packed-backend.c:1524
+#: refs/packed-backend.c:1534
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete reference %s: %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь удалить ��ылку %s: %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1206 refs/packed-backend.c:1537
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete references: %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь удалить ��ылки: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:35 wt-status.c:1816
+msgid "gone"
+msgstr "и�чез"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d"
+msgstr "впереди %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:37
+#, c-format
+msgid "behind %d"
+msgstr "позади %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:38
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d, behind %d"
+msgstr "впереди %d, позади %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:107
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(color:<color>)"
+msgstr "ожидаемый формат: %%(color:<color>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized color: %%(color:%s)"
+msgstr "неопознанный цвет: %%(color:%s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:129
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:lstrip=%s"
+msgstr "Ожидает�� целочи�ленное значение refname:lstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:rstrip=%s"
+msgstr "Ожидает�� целочи�ленное значение refname:rstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(%s) argument: %s"
+msgstr "неопознанный аргумент %%(%s): %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:184
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(body) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "параметр %%(body) не принимает аргументы"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:191
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(subject) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "параметр %%(subject) не принимает аргументы"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown %%(trailers) argument: %s"
+msgstr "неизве�тный аргумент дл� %%(trailers): %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:232
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected contents:lines=%s"
+msgstr "положительное значение ожидает contents:lines=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(contents) argument: %s"
+msgstr "неопознанный аргумент %%(contents): %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:247
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected objectname:short=%s"
+msgstr "ожидает�� положительное значение objectname:short=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(objectname) argument: %s"
+msgstr "неопознанный аргумент %%(objectname): %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(align:<width>,<position>)"
+msgstr "ожидаемый формат: %%(align:<width>,<position>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:290
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized position:%s"
+msgstr "неопознанна� позици�:%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized width:%s"
+msgstr "неопознанна� ширина:%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:300
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(align) argument: %s"
+msgstr "неопознанный аргумент %%(align): %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive width expected with the %%(align) atom"
+msgstr "ожидает�� положительна� ширина � указанием ча�тицы %%(align)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:319
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(if) argument: %s"
+msgstr "неопознанный аргумент %%(if): %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:409
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "неправильное им� пол�: %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "неизве�тное им� пол�: %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:547
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(if) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "формат: ча�тица %%(if) и�пользована без ча�тицы %%(then)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:607
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "формат: ча�тица %%(then) и�пользована без ча�тицы %%(if)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:609
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "формат: ча�тица %%(then) и�пользована более одного раза"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:611
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used after %%(else)"
+msgstr "формат: ча�тица %%(then) и�пользована по�ле %%(else)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:637
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "формат: ча�тица %%(else) и�пользована без ча�тицы %%(if)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "формат: ча�тица %%(else) и�пользована без ча�тицы %%(then)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:641
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "формат: ча�тица %%(else) и�пользована более одного раза"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:654
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom used without corresponding atom"
+msgstr "формат: ча�тица %%(end) и�пользована без �оответ�твующей ча�тицы"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:709
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed format string %s"
+msgstr "неправильна� �трока формата %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1313
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
+msgstr "(нет ветки, перемещение %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1316
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
+msgstr "(нет ветки, двоичный пои�к начат на %s)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached at " in wt-status.c
+#: ref-filter.c:1324
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached at %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD отделён на %s)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached from " in wt-status.c
+#: ref-filter.c:1331
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached from %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD отделён начина� � %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1335
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr "(нет ветки)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1488 ref-filter.c:1519
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing object %s for %s"
+msgstr "не найден объект %s дл� %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1491 ref-filter.c:1522
+#, c-format
+msgid "parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s"
+msgstr "�бой при выполнении parse_object_buffer на %s дл� %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1822
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr "Повреждённый объект «%s»"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1889
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring ref with broken name %s"
+msgstr "игнорирую ��ылку � неправильным именем %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1894
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring broken ref %s"
+msgstr "игнорирую неправильную ��ылку %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2156
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom missing"
+msgstr "format: пропущена ча�тица %%(end)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2250
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr "неправильное им� объекта %s"
+
+#: remote.c:780
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot fetch both %s and %s to %s"
+msgstr "�ельз� извлечь одновременно %s и %s в %s"
+
+#: remote.c:784
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s usually tracks %s, not %s"
+msgstr "%s обычно от�леживает %s, а не %s"
+
+#: remote.c:788
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s tracks both %s and %s"
+msgstr "%s от�леживает и %s и %s"
+
+#: remote.c:796
+msgid "Internal error"
+msgstr "Внутренн�� ошибка"
+
+#: remote.c:1711 remote.c:1813
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr "HEAD не указывает на ветку"
+
+#: remote.c:1720
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr "нет такой ветки: «%s»"
+
+#: remote.c:1723
+#, c-format
+msgid "no upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr "выше�то�ща� ветка не на�троена дл� ветки «%s»"
+
+#: remote.c:1729
+#, c-format
+msgid "upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "выше�то�ща� ветка «%s» не �охранена как от�леживаема� ветка"
+
+#: remote.c:1744
+#, c-format
+msgid "push destination '%s' on remote '%s' has no local tracking branch"
+msgstr "назначение дл� отправки «%s» на внешнем �ервере «%s» не имеет локальной от�леживаемой ветки"
+
+#: remote.c:1756
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' has no remote for pushing"
+msgstr "ветка «%s» не имеет внешнего �ервера дл� отправки"
+
+#: remote.c:1767
+#, c-format
+msgid "push refspecs for '%s' do not include '%s'"
+msgstr "�пецификаторы пути дл� отправки «%s» не включают в �еб� «%s»"
+
+#: remote.c:1780
+msgid "push has no destination (push.default is 'nothing')"
+msgstr "отправка не имеет точки назначени� (push.default вы�тавлен в «nothing»)"
+
+#: remote.c:1802
+msgid "cannot resolve 'simple' push to a single destination"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить «simple» отправку в един�твенную точку назначени�"
+
+#: remote.c:2106
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is based on '%s', but the upstream is gone.\n"
+msgstr "Ваша ветка базирует�� на «%s», но выше�то�щий репозиторий и�чез.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:2110
+msgid "  (use \"git branch --unset-upstream\" to fixup)\n"
+msgstr "(дл� и�правлени� запу�тите «git branch --unset-upstream»)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:2113
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is up to date with '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "Ваша ветка обновлена в �оответ�твии � «%s».\n"
+
+#: remote.c:2117
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
+msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Ваша ветка опережает «%s» на %d коммит.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Ваша ветка опережает «%s» на %d коммита.\n"
+msgstr[2] "Ваша ветка опережает «%s» на %d коммитов.\n"
+msgstr[3] "Ваша ветка опережает «%s» на %d коммитов.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:2123
+msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git push», чтобы опубликовать ваши локальные коммиты)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:2126
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Ваша ветка от�тает от «%s» на %d коммит и может быть перемотана вперед.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Ваша ветка от�тает от «%s» на %d коммита и может быть перемотана вперед.\n"
+msgstr[2] "Ваша ветка от�тает от «%s» на %d коммитов и может быть перемотана вперед.\n"
+msgstr[3] "Ваша ветка от�тает от «%s» на %d коммитов и может быть перемотана вперед.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:2134
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git pull», чтобы обновить вашу локальную ветку)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:2137
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commit each, respectively.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commits each, respectively.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Ваша ветка и «%s» разделили�ь\nи теперь имеют %d и %d разный коммит в каждой �оответ�твенно.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Ваша ветка и «%s» разделили�ь\nи теперь имеют %d и %d разных коммита в каждой �оответ�твенно.\n"
+msgstr[2] "Ваша ветка и «%s» разделили�ь\nи теперь имеют %d и %d разных коммитов в каждой �оответ�твенно.\n"
+msgstr[3] "Ваша ветка и «%s» разделили�ь\nи теперь имеют %d и %d разных коммитов в каждой �оответ�твенно.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:2147
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git pull», чтобы �лить внешнюю ветку в вашу)\n"
+
+#: revision.c:2268
+msgid "your current branch appears to be broken"
+msgstr "похоже, ваша текуща� ветка повреждена"
+
+#: revision.c:2271
+#, c-format
+msgid "your current branch '%s' does not have any commits yet"
+msgstr "ваша текуща� ветка «%s» еще не �одержит ни одного коммита"
+
+#: revision.c:2465
+msgid "--first-parent is incompatible with --bisect"
+msgstr "опцию --first-parent нельз� и�пользовать одновременно � --bisect"
+
+#: run-command.c:645
+msgid "open /dev/null failed"
+msgstr "�бой открыти� /dev/null"
+
+#: run-command.c:1188
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The '%s' hook was ignored because it's not set as executable.\n"
+"You can disable this warning with `git config advice.ignoredHook false`."
+msgstr "Перехватчик «%s» был проигнорирован, так как он не у�тановлен как и�полн�емый.\nВы можете отключить �то предупреждение � помощью команды «git config advice.ignoredHook false»."
+
+#: send-pack.c:141
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse remote unpack status: %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать �тату� внешней ра�паковки: %s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:143
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote unpack failed: %s"
+msgstr "�бой при внешней ра�паковке %s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:306
+msgid "failed to sign the push certificate"
+msgstr "�бой подпи�ани� �ертификата отправки"
+
+#: send-pack.c:419
+msgid "the receiving end does not support --signed push"
+msgstr "принимающа� �торона не поддерживает отправку � опцией --signed"
+
+#: send-pack.c:421
+msgid ""
+"not sending a push certificate since the receiving end does not support "
+"--signed push"
+msgstr "не отправл�ем �ертификат дл� отправки, так как принимающа� �торона не поддерживает отправку � опцией --signed"
+
+#: send-pack.c:433
+msgid "the receiving end does not support --atomic push"
+msgstr "принимающа� �торона не поддерживает отправку � опцией --atomic"
+
+#: send-pack.c:438
+msgid "the receiving end does not support push options"
+msgstr "принимающа� �торона не поддерживает отправку � опци�ми"
+
+#: sequencer.c:218
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr "обратить изменени�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:220
+msgid "cherry-pick"
+msgstr "копировать коммит"
+
+#: sequencer.c:222
+msgid "rebase -i"
+msgstr "rebase -i"
+
+#: sequencer.c:224
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown action: %d"
+msgstr "�еизве�тное дей�твие: %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:281
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
+msgstr "по�ле разрешени� конфликтов, пометьте и�правленные пути\n� помощью «git add <пути>» или «git rm <пути>»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:284
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
+"and commit the result with 'git commit'"
+msgstr "по�ле разрешени� конфликтов, пометьте и�правленные пути\n� помощью «git add <пути>» или «git rm <пути>»\nи �делайте коммит � помощью «git commit»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:297 sequencer.c:1718
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lock '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь заблокировать «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:300 sequencer.c:1595 sequencer.c:1723 sequencer.c:1737
+#: sequencer.c:2729 sequencer.c:2800 wrapper.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запи�ать в «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write eol to '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запи�ать eol в «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:308 sequencer.c:1600 sequencer.c:1725
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finalize '%s'."
+msgstr "не удало�ь завершить «%s»."
+
+#: sequencer.c:332 sequencer.c:829 sequencer.c:1621 builtin/am.c:259
+#: builtin/commit.c:754 builtin/merge.c:1046
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:358
+#, c-format
+msgid "your local changes would be overwritten by %s."
+msgstr "ваши локальные изменени� будут перезапи�аны %s."
+
+#: sequencer.c:362
+msgid "commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr "дл� продолжени� закоммитьте ваши изменени� или �пр�чьте их."
+
+#: sequencer.c:391
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: fast-forward"
+msgstr "%s: перемотка вперед"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert", "cherry-pick" or
+#. "rebase -i".
+#: sequencer.c:477
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "%s: �е удало�ь запи�ать файл индек�а"
+
+#: sequencer.c:496
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD commit"
+msgstr "не удало�ь ра�познать HEAD коммит"
+
+#: sequencer.c:516
+msgid "unable to update cache tree"
+msgstr "не удало�ь обновить дерево к�ша"
+
+#: sequencer.c:600
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you have staged changes in your working tree\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr "у ва� имеют�� проиндек�ированные изменени� в рабочем каталоге. Е�ли �ти изменени� должны быть объеденены � предыдущим коммитом, то запу�тите:\n\n  git commit --amend %s\n\nЕ�ли же они должны быть помещены в новый коммит, то запу�тите:\n\n  git commit %s\n\nВ любом �лучае, по�ле того как вы закончите, продолжить перемещение можно выполнив:\n\n  git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:702
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать коммит %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:707
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать родитель�кий коммит %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:836
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unexpected 1st line of squash message:\n"
+"\n"
+"\t%.*s"
+msgstr "неожиданна� перва� �трока �ообщени� уплотнени�:\n\n\t%.*s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:842
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"invalid 1st line of squash message:\n"
+"\n"
+"\t%.*s"
+msgstr "недопу�тима� перва� �трока �ообщени� уплотнени�:\n\n\t%.*s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:848 sequencer.c:873
+#, c-format
+msgid "This is a combination of %d commits."
+msgstr "Это объединение %d коммитов."
+
+#: sequencer.c:857 sequencer.c:2748
+msgid "need a HEAD to fixup"
+msgstr "нужен HEAD дл� и�правлени�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:859
+msgid "could not read HEAD"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:861
+msgid "could not read HEAD's commit message"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать �ообщение коммита текущего HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:867
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запи�ать «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:876 git-rebase--interactive.sh:446
+msgid "This is the 1st commit message:"
+msgstr "Это 1-е �ообщение коммита:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:884
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message of %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать �ообщение коммита дл� %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:891
+#, c-format
+msgid "This is the commit message #%d:"
+msgstr "Это �ообщение коммита номер #%d:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:896
+#, c-format
+msgid "The commit message #%d will be skipped:"
+msgstr "Сообщение коммита номер #%d будет пропущено:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:901
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command: %d"
+msgstr "неизве�тна� команда: %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:967
+msgid "your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr "ваш индек� не �лит."
+
+#: sequencer.c:986
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr "коммит %s — �то коммит-�ли�ние, но опци� -m не указана."
+
+#: sequencer.c:994
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr "у коммита %s нет предка %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:998
+#, c-format
+msgid "mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgstr "о�новна� ветка указана, но коммит %s не �вл�ет�� �ли�нием."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1004
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь получить �ообщение коммита дл� %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be a "todo" command like
+#. "revert" or "pick", the second %s a SHA1.
+#: sequencer.c:1023
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr "%s: не удало�ь разобрать родитель�кий коммит дл� %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1086 sequencer.c:1867
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not rename '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь переименовать «%s» в «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1137
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь обратить изменени� коммита %s… %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1138
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь применить коммит %s… %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1180
+msgid "empty commit set passed"
+msgstr "передан пу�той набор коммитов"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1190
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
+msgstr "git %s: �бой чтени� индек�а"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1196
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
+msgstr "git %s: �бой обновлени� индек�а"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1270
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s does not accept arguments: '%s'"
+msgstr "параметр %s не принимает аргументы: «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1279
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing arguments for %s"
+msgstr "пропущены аргументы дл� %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1322
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "неправильна� �трока %d: %.*s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1330
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot '%s' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "нельз� выполнить «%s» без указани� предыдущего коммита"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1363 sequencer.c:2525 sequencer.c:2560 sequencer.c:2642
+#: sequencer.c:2668 sequencer.c:2758 sequencer.c:2859
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'."
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать «%s»."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1375
+msgid "please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "пожалуй�та и�правьте �то � помощью «git rebase --edit-todo»."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1377
+#, c-format
+msgid "unusable instruction sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "непригодна� дл� и�пользовани� карта � ин�трукци�ми: «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1382
+msgid "no commits parsed."
+msgstr "коммиты не разобраны."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1393
+msgid "cannot cherry-pick during a revert."
+msgstr "нельз� �копировать коммит во врем� проце��а обращени� коммита."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1395
+msgid "cannot revert during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr "нельз� обратить изменени� коммита во врем� копировани� коммита."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1462
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid key: %s"
+msgstr "недей�твительный ключ: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1465
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "неправильное значение %s: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1531
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed options sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "и�порченна� карта � опци�ми: «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1569
+msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
+msgstr "копирование или обращение изменений коммита уже выполн�ют��"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1570
+msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+msgstr "попробуйте «git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1573
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create sequencer directory '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать каталог дл� указател� �ледовани� коммитов «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1588
+msgid "could not lock HEAD"
+msgstr "не удало�ь заблокировать HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1646 sequencer.c:2230
+msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
+msgstr "копирование или обращение изменений коммита уже выполн�ют��"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1648
+msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
+msgstr "не удало�ь определить HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1650 sequencer.c:1685
+msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr "нельз� отменить изменени� � ветки, котора� еще не �оздана"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1671 builtin/grep.c:713
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1673
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read '%s': %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать «%s»: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1674
+msgid "unexpected end of file"
+msgstr "неожиданный конец файла"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1680
+#, c-format
+msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
+msgstr "�охраненный файл � HEAD перед копированием коммита «%s» поврежден"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1691
+msgid "You seem to have moved HEAD. Not rewinding, check your HEAD!"
+msgstr "Похоже, что вы переме�тили HEAD. Перемотка не выполн�ет��, проверьте �вой указатель HEAD!"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1832 sequencer.c:2128
+msgid "cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1872 builtin/difftool.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �копировать «%s» в «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1891
+msgid "could not read index"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать индек�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1896
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution failed: %s\n"
+"%sYou can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr "ошибка выполнени�: %s\n%sВы можете и�править ошибку, а затем запу�тить\n\n  git rebase --continue\n\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1902
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+msgstr "и были �деланы изменени� в индек�е и/или в рабочем каталоге\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1908
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution succeeded: %s\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr "у�пешное выполнение: %s\nно о�тали�ь изменени� в индек�е и/или в рабочем каталоге\nСделайте коммит или �пр�чьте ваши изменени�, а затем выполните\n\n  git rebase --continue\n\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1967
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied autostash.\n"
+msgstr "Применены автоматиче�ки �пр�танные изменени�.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1979
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot store %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �охранить %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1982 git-rebase.sh:175
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
+"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
+"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
+msgstr "Применение автоматиче�ки �пр�танных изменений вызвало конфликты.\nВаши изменени� �пр�таны и в безопа�но�ти.\nВы можете выполнить «git stash pop» или «git stash drop» в любой момент.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2064
+#, c-format
+msgid "Stopped at %s...  %.*s\n"
+msgstr "О�тановлено на %s …  %.*s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2106
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command %d"
+msgstr "неизве�тна� команда %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2136
+msgid "could not read orig-head"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать orig-head"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2141 sequencer.c:2745
+msgid "could not read 'onto'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать «onto»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2148
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь обновить %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2155
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update HEAD to %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь обновить HEAD на %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2239
+msgid "cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить перемещение коммитов: У ва� е�ть непроиндек�ированные изменени�."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2244
+msgid "could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "не удало�ь удалить CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2253
+msgid "cannot amend non-existing commit"
+msgstr "не удало�ь и�править не�уще�твующий коммит"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2255
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid file: '%s'"
+msgstr "недопу�тимый файл: «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2257
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid contents: '%s'"
+msgstr "недопу�тимое �одержимое: «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2260
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please, commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr "\nУ ва� имеют�� незакоммиченные изменени� в рабочем каталоге. Сделайте коммит, а затем запу�тите «git rebase --continue» �нова."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2270
+msgid "could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "не удало�ь закоммитить проиндек�ированные изменени�."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2350
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"
+msgstr "%s: не удало�ь �копировать коммит %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2354
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: bad revision"
+msgstr "%s: плоха� редакци�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2387
+msgid "can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr "нельз� возвратить изначальный коммит"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2492
+msgid "make_script: unhandled options"
+msgstr "make_script: не обработанные опции"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2495
+msgid "make_script: error preparing revisions"
+msgstr "make_script: ошибка при обновлении редакций"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2529 sequencer.c:2564
+#, c-format
+msgid "unusable todo list: '%s'"
+msgstr "непригодный дл� и�пользовани� �пи�ок дел: «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2615
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unrecognized setting %s for option rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Ignoring."
+msgstr "нера�познанна� на�тройка %s дл� опции rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Игнорирую."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2695
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: some commits may have been dropped accidentally.\n"
+"Dropped commits (newer to older):\n"
+msgstr "Внимание: некоторые коммиты могли быть отброшены по ошибке.\nОтброшенные коммиты (от новых к �тарым):\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2702
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"To avoid this message, use \"drop\" to explicitly remove a commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Use 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' to change the level of warnings.\n"
+"The possible behaviours are: ignore, warn, error.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr "Дл� избежани� �того �ообщени�, и�пользуйте «drop» чтобы �вно удалить коммит.\n\nИ�пользуйте опцию «git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck» дл� изменени� количе�тва предупреждений.\nВозможные значени�: ignore, warn, error.\n\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2714
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You can fix this with 'git rebase --edit-todo' and then run 'git rebase --continue'.\n"
+"Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'.\n"
+msgstr "Вы можете и�править �то � помощью «git rebase --edit-todo», а потом запу�тив «git rebase --continue».\nИли вы можете прервать проце�� перемещени�, выполнив «git rebase --abort»\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2727 sequencer.c:2794 wrapper.c:225 wrapper.c:395
+#: builtin/am.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть «%s» дл� запи�и"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2775
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать коммит «%s»"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2897
+msgid "the script was already rearranged."
+msgstr "�ценарий уже был пере�троен."
+
+#: setup.c:171
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s: no such path in the working tree.\n"
+"Use 'git <command> -- <path>...' to specify paths that do not exist locally."
+msgstr "%s: нет такого пути в рабочем каталоге.\nИ�пользуйте «git <команда> -- <путь>…» дл� указани� путей, которые не �уще�твуют локально."
+
+#: setup.c:184
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr "неоднозначный аргумент «%s»: неизве�тна� редакци� или не путь в рабочем каталоге.\nИ�пользуйте «--» дл� отделени� путей от редакций, вот так:\n«git <команда> [<редакци�>…] -- [<файл>…]»"
+
+#: setup.c:252
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr "неоднозначный аргумент «%s»: �вл�ет�� одновременно и редакцией и именем файла.\nИ�пользуйте «--» дл� отделени� путей от редакций, вот так:\n«git <команда> [<редакци�>…] -- [<файл>…]»"
+
+#: setup.c:501
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d"
+msgstr "Ожидаема� вер�и� git репозитори� <= %d, а обнаружена %d"
+
+#: setup.c:509
+msgid "unknown repository extensions found:"
+msgstr "обнаружены неизве�тные ра�ширени� репозитори�:"
+
+#: setup.c:811
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): %s"
+msgstr "�е найден git репозитоий (или один из его каталогов): %s"
+
+#: setup.c:813 builtin/index-pack.c:1653
+msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь вернуть�� в текущий рабочий каталог"
+
+#: setup.c:1052
+msgid "Unable to read current working directory"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь прочитать текущий рабочий каталог"
+
+#: setup.c:1064 setup.c:1070
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot change to '%s'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь изменить на «%s»"
+
+#: setup.c:1083
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Not a git repository (or any parent up to mount point %s)\n"
+"Stopping at filesystem boundary (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM not set)."
+msgstr "�е найден git репозитоий (или один из его каталогов вплоть до точки монтировани� %s)\nО�танавливаю пои�к на границе файловой �и�темы (так как GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM не у�тановлен)."
+
+#: setup.c:1167
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Problem with core.sharedRepository filemode value (0%.3o).\n"
+"The owner of files must always have read and write permissions."
+msgstr "Проблема �о значением режима до�тупа к файлу core.sharedRepository (0%.3o).\nВладелец файлов должен в�егда иметь права на чтение и на запи�ь."
+
+#: sha1_file.c:598
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "путь «%s» не �уще�твует"
+
+#: sha1_file.c:624
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' as a linked checkout is not supported yet."
+msgstr "��ылаемый репозиторий «%s» как �в�занное �о�то�ние, пока не поддерживает��."
+
+#: sha1_file.c:630
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
+msgstr "��ылаемый репозиторий «%s» не �вл�ет�� локальным."
+
+#: sha1_file.c:636
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
+msgstr "��ылаемый репозиторий «%s» �вл�ет�� ча�тичным"
+
+#: sha1_file.c:644
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
+msgstr "��ылаемый репозиторий «%s» �вл�ет�� �ращенным"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:422
+#, c-format
+msgid "short SHA1 %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "�окращённый SHA1 идентификатор %s неоднозначен"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:433
+msgid "The candidates are:"
+msgstr "Возможно, вы имели в виду:"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:693
+msgid ""
+"Git normally never creates a ref that ends with 40 hex characters\n"
+"because it will be ignored when you just specify 40-hex. These refs\n"
+"may be created by mistake. For example,\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b $br $(git rev-parse ...)\n"
+"\n"
+"where \"$br\" is somehow empty and a 40-hex ref is created. Please\n"
+"examine these refs and maybe delete them. Turn this message off by\n"
+"running \"git config advice.objectNameWarning false\""
+msgstr "Обычно Git не �оздает ��ылки, оканчивающие�� на 40 ше�тнадцатеричных\n�имволов, потому, что они будут игнорировать��, когда вы про�то\nукажете �то 40-�имвольное ше�тнадцатеричное чи�ло. Такие ��ылки\nмогли быть �озданы по ошибке. �апример, � помощью:\n\n  git checkout -b $br $(git rev-parse …)\n\n, е�ли «$br» оказал�� пу�тым, то ��ылка � 40-�имвольным\nше�тнадцатеричным чи�лом будет �оздана. Пожалуй�та, про�мотрите �ти\n��ылки и, возможно, удалите их. Вы можете отключить �то �ообщение\nзапу�тив «git config advice.objectNameWarning false»"
+
+#: submodule.c:96 submodule.c:130
+msgid "Cannot change unmerged .gitmodules, resolve merge conflicts first"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь изменить не �литый .gitmodules, �начала разрешите конфликты"
+
+#: submodule.c:100 submodule.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find section in .gitmodules where path=%s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь найти раздел в .gitmodules, где путь равен %s"
+
+#: submodule.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not update .gitmodules entry %s"
+msgstr " �е удало�ь обновить .gitmodules запи�ь %s"
+
+#: submodule.c:141
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove .gitmodules entry for %s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь удалить запи�ь в .gitmodules дл� %s"
+
+#: submodule.c:152
+msgid "staging updated .gitmodules failed"
+msgstr "�бой индек�ировани� обновленного .gitmodules"
+
+#: submodule.c:312
+#, c-format
+msgid "in unpopulated submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "в пу�том подмодуле «%s»"
+
+#: submodule.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "Спецификатор пути «%s» в подмодуле «%.*s»"
+
+#: submodule.c:833
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule entry '%s' (%s) is a %s, not a commit"
+msgstr "запи�ь подмодул� «%s» (%s) �вл�ет�� %s, а не �вл�ет�� коммитом"
+
+#: submodule.c:1065 builtin/branch.c:648 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1387
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь определить HEAD как дей�твительную ��ылку."
+
+#: submodule.c:1370
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' not recognized as a git repository"
+msgstr "«%s» не ра�познан как репозиторий git"
+
+#: submodule.c:1508
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not start 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запу�тить «git status» в подмодуле «%s»"
+
+#: submodule.c:1521
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not run 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запу�тить «git status» в подмодуле «%s»"
+
+#: submodule.c:1614
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' has dirty index"
+msgstr "подмодуль «%s» имеет изменённый индек�"
+
+#: submodule.c:1876
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"relocate_gitdir for submodule '%s' with more than one worktree not supported"
+msgstr "relocate_gitdir дл� подмодул� «%s» � указанием более одного рабочего дерева не поддерживает��"
+
+#: submodule.c:1888 submodule.c:1944
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup name for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запро�ить им� подмодул� «%s»"
+
+#: submodule.c:1892 builtin/submodule--helper.c:909
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:919
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать каталог «%s»"
+
+#: submodule.c:1895
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Migrating git directory of '%s%s' from\n"
+"'%s' to\n"
+"'%s'\n"
+msgstr "Перемещение каталога git дл� «%s%s» из\n«%s» в\n«%s»\n"
+
+#: submodule.c:1979
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь рекур�ивно зайти в подмодуль «%s»"
+
+#: submodule.c:2023
+msgid "could not start ls-files in .."
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить stat ls-files в .."
+
+#: submodule.c:2043
+msgid "BUG: returned path string doesn't match cwd?"
+msgstr "ОШИБК�: возвращенна� �трока не �оответ�вует cwd?"
+
+#: submodule.c:2062
+#, c-format
+msgid "ls-tree returned unexpected return code %d"
+msgstr "ls-tree вернул неожиданный код %d"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:263
+msgid "negative values not allowed for submodule.fetchjobs"
+msgstr "нельз� и�пользовать отрицательные значени� дл� submodule.fetchjobs"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:436
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid value for %s"
+msgstr "неправильное значение %s"
+
+#: trailer.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "running trailer command '%s' failed"
+msgstr "�бой при запу�ке команды завершител� «%s»"
+
+#: trailer.c:485 trailer.c:490 trailer.c:495 trailer.c:549 trailer.c:553
+#: trailer.c:557
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"
+msgstr "неизве�тное значение «%s» дл� ключа «%s»"
+
+#: trailer.c:539 trailer.c:544 builtin/remote.c:290
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than one %s"
+msgstr "больше одного %s"
+
+#: trailer.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty trailer token in trailer '%.*s'"
+msgstr "пу�та� по�ледн�� лек�ема в завершителе «%.*s»"
+
+#: trailer.c:750
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read input file '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать входной файл «%s»"
+
+#: trailer.c:753
+msgid "could not read from stdin"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать из �тандартного ввода"
+
+#: trailer.c:1008 builtin/am.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить stat дл� %s"
+
+#: trailer.c:1010
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not a regular file"
+msgstr "файл %s не �вл�ет�� обычным файлом"
+
+#: trailer.c:1012
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not writable by user"
+msgstr "файл %s не до�тупен на запи�ь пользователю"
+
+#: trailer.c:1024
+msgid "could not open temporary file"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать временный файл"
+
+#: trailer.c:1064
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not rename temporary file to %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь переименовать временный файл в %s"
+
+#: transport.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would set upstream of '%s' to '%s' of '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Будет у�тановлен выше�то�щий репозиторий дл� «%s» на «%s» � «%s»\n"
+
+#: transport.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid "transport: invalid depth option '%s'"
+msgstr "тран�порт: неправильный параметр глубины «%s»"
+
+#: transport.c:904
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following submodule paths contain changes that can\n"
+"not be found on any remote:\n"
+msgstr "Подмодули по указанным пут�м �одержат изменени�, которые не найдены ни на одном из внешних репозиториев:\n"
+
+#: transport.c:908
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Please try\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"or cd to the path and use\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"to push them to a remote.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr "\nПопробуйте выполнить\n\n\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n\nили перейти в каталог � помощью команды cd и выполнить\n\n\tgit push\n\nдл� их отправки на внешний репозиторий.\n"
+
+#: transport.c:916
+msgid "Aborting."
+msgstr "Прерываю."
+
+#: transport-helper.c:1074
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read ref %s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь прочитать ��ылку %s"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:31
+msgid "too-short tree object"
+msgstr "�лишком  короткий объект дерева"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:37
+msgid "malformed mode in tree entry"
+msgstr "неправильный режим в запи�и дерева"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:41
+msgid "empty filename in tree entry"
+msgstr "пу�тое им� файла в запи�и дерева"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:114
+msgid "too-short tree file"
+msgstr "�лишком  короткий файл дерева"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:107
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you switch branches."
+msgstr "Ваши локальные изменени� в указанных файлах будут перезапи�аны при переключении на �о�то�ние:\n%%sСделайте коммит или �пр�чьте ваши изменени� перед переключением веток."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr "Ваши локальные изменени� в указанных файлах будут перезапи�аны при переключении на �о�то�ние:\n%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:112
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you merge."
+msgstr "Ваши локальные изменени� в указанных файлах будут перезапи�аны при �ли�нии:\n%%sСделайте коммит или �пр�чьте ваши изменени� перед �ли�нием веток."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:114
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr "Ваши локальные изменени� в указанных файлах будут перезапи�аны при �ли�нии:\n%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:117
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you %s."
+msgstr "Ваши локальные изменени� в указанных файлах будут перезапи�аны при %s:\n%%sСделайте коммит или �пр�чьте ваши изменени� перед %s."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:119
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr "Ваши локальные изменени� в указанных файлах будут перезапи�аны при %s:\n%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:124
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Updating the following directories would lose untracked files in them:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr "Обновление указанных каталогов приведет к потере неот�леживаемых файлов в них:\n%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr "Указанные неот�леживаемые файлы в рабочем каталоге будут удалены при переключении на �о�то�ние:\n%%sПереме�тите �ти файлы или удалите их перед переключением веток."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:130
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr "Указанные неот�леживаемые файлы в рабочем каталоге будут удалены при переключении на �о�то�ние:\n%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr "Указанные неот�леживаемые файлы в рабочем каталоге будут удалены при �ли�нии:\n%%sПереме�тите �ти файлы или удалите их перед переключением веток."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr "Указанные неот�леживаемые файлы в рабочем каталоге будут удалены при �ли�нии:\n%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:138
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr "Указанные неот�леживаемые файлы в рабочем каталоге будут удалены при %s:\n%%sПереме�тите �ти файлы или удалите их перед %s."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:140
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr "Указанные неот�леживаемые файлы в рабочем каталоге будут удалены при %s:\n%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr "Указанные неот�леживаемые файлы в рабочем каталоге будут перезапи�аны при переключении на �о�то�ние:\n%%sПереме�тите �ти файлы или удалите их перед переключением веток."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:147
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr "Указанные неот�леживаемые файлы в рабочем каталоге будут перезапи�аны при переключении на �о�то�ние:\n%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:150
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr "Указанные неот�леживаемые файлы в рабочем каталоге будут перезапи�аны при �ли�нии:\n%%sПереме�тите �ти файлы или удалите их перед переключением веток."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr "Указанные неот�леживаемые файлы в рабочем каталоге будут перезапи�аны при �ли�нии:\n%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:155
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr "Указанные неот�леживаемые файлы в рабочем каталоге будут перезапи�аны при %s:\n%%sПереме�тите �ти файлы или удалите их перед %s."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr "Указанные неот�леживаемые файлы в рабочем каталоге будут перезапи�аны при %s:\n%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:164
+#, c-format
+msgid "Entry '%s' overlaps with '%s'.  Cannot bind."
+msgstr "Запи�ь «%s» ча�тично �овпадает � «%s».  �е удало�ь назначить �оответ�твие."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:167
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update sparse checkout: the following entries are not up to date:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь обновить ча�тичное �о�то�ние: �ледующие �лементы не по�ледней вер�ии:\n%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:169
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be overwritten by sparse checkout update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr "Указанные файлы из рабочего каталога будут перезапи�аны при обновлении ча�тичного �о�то�ни�:\n%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:171
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be removed by sparse checkout update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr "Указанные файлы из рабочего каталога будут удалены при обновлении ча�тичного �о�то�ни�:\n%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update submodule:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr "�е удоло�ь обновить подмодуль:\n%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:250
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting\n"
+msgstr "Прерываю\n"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:332
+msgid "Checking out files"
+msgstr "Ра�паковка файлов"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:163
+msgid "invalid URL scheme name or missing '://' suffix"
+msgstr "�еправильна� им� URL �хемы или пропущен �уффик� «://»"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:187 urlmatch.c:346 urlmatch.c:405
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid %XX escape sequence"
+msgstr "неправильна� управл�юща� по�ледовательно�ть %XX"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:215
+msgid "missing host and scheme is not 'file:'"
+msgstr "пропущено им� �ервера и �хема до�тупа не «file:»"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:232
+msgid "a 'file:' URL may not have a port number"
+msgstr "URL �о �хемой «file:» не может �одержать номер порта"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:247
+msgid "invalid characters in host name"
+msgstr "неправильные �имволы в имени �ервера"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:292 urlmatch.c:303
+msgid "invalid port number"
+msgstr "неправильный номер порта"
+
+#: urlmatch.c:371
+msgid "invalid '..' path segment"
+msgstr "неправильна� ча�ть пути «..»"
+
+#: worktree.c:245
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать «%s»"
+
+#: wrapper.c:223 wrapper.c:393
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading and writing"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть «%s» дл� чтени� и запи�и"
+
+#: wrapper.c:227 wrapper.c:397 builtin/am.c:320 builtin/am.c:770
+#: builtin/am.c:862 builtin/merge.c:1043
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть «%s» дл� чтени�"
+
+#: wrapper.c:424 wrapper.c:624
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s'"
+msgstr "«%s» недо�тупно"
+
+#: wrapper.c:632
+msgid "unable to get current working directory"
+msgstr "не удало�ь получить текущий рабочий каталог"
+
+#: wt-status.c:150
+msgid "Unmerged paths:"
+msgstr "�е �литые пути:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:177 wt-status.c:204
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git reset %s <файл>…», чтобы убрать из индек�а)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:179 wt-status.c:206
+msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git rm --cached <файл>…», чтобы убрать из индек�а)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:183
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git add <файл>…», чтобы пометить разрешение конфликта)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:185 wt-status.c:189
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git add/rm <файл>…», чтобы пометить выбранное разрешение конфликта)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:187
+msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git rm <файл>…», чтобы пометить разрешение конфликта)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:198 wt-status.c:984
+msgid "Changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "Изменени�, которые будут включены в коммит:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:216 wt-status.c:993
+msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
+msgstr "Изменени�, которые не в индек�е дл� коммита:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:220
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git add <файл>…», чтобы добавить файл в индек�)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:222
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git add/rm <файл>…», чтобы добавить или удалить файл из индек�а)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:223
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working "
+"directory)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git checkout -- <файл>…», чтобы отменить изменени�\n   в рабочем каталоге)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:225
+msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
+msgstr "  (�делайте коммит или отмените изменени� в неот�леживаемом или измененном �одержимом в подмодул�х)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:237
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git %s <файл>…», чтобы добавить в то, что будет включено в коммит)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:252
+msgid "both deleted:"
+msgstr "оба удалены:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:254
+msgid "added by us:"
+msgstr "добавлено нами:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:256
+msgid "deleted by them:"
+msgstr "удалено ими:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:258
+msgid "added by them:"
+msgstr "добавлено ими:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:260
+msgid "deleted by us:"
+msgstr "удалено нами:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:262
+msgid "both added:"
+msgstr "оба добавлены:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:264
+msgid "both modified:"
+msgstr "оба изменены:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:274
+msgid "new file:"
+msgstr "новый файл:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:276
+msgid "copied:"
+msgstr "�копировано:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:278
+msgid "deleted:"
+msgstr "удалено:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:280
+msgid "modified:"
+msgstr "изменено:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:282
+msgid "renamed:"
+msgstr "переименовано:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:284
+msgid "typechange:"
+msgstr "изменен тип:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:286
+msgid "unknown:"
+msgstr "неизве�тно:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:288
+msgid "unmerged:"
+msgstr "не �литые:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:370
+msgid "new commits, "
+msgstr "новые коммиты, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:372
+msgid "modified content, "
+msgstr "изменено �одержимое, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:374
+msgid "untracked content, "
+msgstr "неот�леживаемое �одержимое, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:824
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your stash currently has %d entry"
+msgid_plural "Your stash currently has %d entries"
+msgstr[0] "У ва� �ейча� �пр�тана %d запи�ь"
+msgstr[1] "У ва� �ейча� �пр�таны %d запи�и"
+msgstr[2] "У ва� �ейча� �пр�тано %d запи�ей"
+msgstr[3] "У ва� �ейча� �пр�таны %d запи�и"
+
+#: wt-status.c:856
+msgid "Submodules changed but not updated:"
+msgstr "Измененные, но не обновленные подмодули:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:858
+msgid "Submodule changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "Изменени� в подмодул�х, которые будут закоммичены:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:940
+msgid ""
+"Do not modify or remove the line above.\n"
+"Everything below it will be ignored."
+msgstr "�е измен�йте или удал�йте �троку выше �той.\nВ�ё, что ниже — будет проигнорировано."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1053
+msgid "You have unmerged paths."
+msgstr "У ва� е�ть не �литые пути."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1056
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
+msgstr "  (разрешите конфликты, затем запу�тите «git commit»)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1058
+msgid "  (use \"git merge --abort\" to abort the merge)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git merge --abort», чтобы о�тановить операцию �ли�ни�)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1063
+msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
+msgstr "В�е конфликты и�правлены, но вы в�е еще в проце��е �ли�ни�."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1066
+msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git commit», чтобы завершить �ли�ние)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1076
+msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
+msgstr "Вы в проце��е �е��ии am."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1079
+msgid "The current patch is empty."
+msgstr "Текущий патч пу�той."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1083
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (разрешите конфликты, затем запу�тите «git am --continue»)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1085
+msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git am --skip», чтобы пропу�тить �тот патч)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1087
+msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git am --abort», чтобы во��тановить оригинальную ветку)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1219
+msgid "git-rebase-todo is missing."
+msgstr "git-rebase-todo от�ут�твует."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1221
+msgid "No commands done."
+msgstr "Команды не выполнены."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1224
+#, c-format
+msgid "Last command done (%d command done):"
+msgid_plural "Last commands done (%d commands done):"
+msgstr[0] "По�ледн�� команда выполнена (%d команда выполнена):"
+msgstr[1] "По�ледн�� команда выполнена (%d команды выполнено):"
+msgstr[2] "По�ледн�� команда выполнена (%d команд выполнено):"
+msgstr[3] "По�ледн�� команда выполнена (%d команд выполнено):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1235
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (see more in file %s)"
+msgstr "  (�мотрите дополнительно в файле %s)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1240
+msgid "No commands remaining."
+msgstr "Команд больше не о�тало�ь."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1243
+#, c-format
+msgid "Next command to do (%d remaining command):"
+msgid_plural "Next commands to do (%d remaining commands):"
+msgstr[0] "Следующа� команда дл� выполнени� (%d команда о�тала�ь):"
+msgstr[1] "Следующа� команда дл� выполнени� (%d команды о�тало�ь):"
+msgstr[2] "Следующа� команда дл� выполнени� (%d команд о�тало�ь):"
+msgstr[3] "Следующа� команда дл� выполнени� (%d команд о�тало�ь):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1251
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --edit-todo\" to view and edit)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git rebase --edit-todo», чтобы про�мотреть и изменить)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1264
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr "Вы �ейча� перемещаете ветку «%s» над «%s»."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1269
+msgid "You are currently rebasing."
+msgstr "Вы �ейча� перемещаете ветку."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1283
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (разрешите конфликты, затем запу�тите «git rebase --continue»)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1285
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git rebase --skip», чтобы пропу�тить �тот патч)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1287
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git rebase --abort», чтобы перейти на оригинальную ветку)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1293
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (в�е конфликты разрешены: запу�тите «git rebase --continue»)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1297
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr "Вы �ейча� раздел�ете коммит при перемещении ветки  «%s» над «%s»."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1302
+msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr "Вы �ейча� раздел�ете коммит при перемещении ветки."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1305
+msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr "(Как только ваш рабочий каталог будет чи�тый, запу�тите «git rebase --continue»)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1309
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr "Вы �ейча� редактируете коммит при перемещении ветки  «%s» над «%s»."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1314
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr "Вы �ейча� редактируете коммит при перемещении ветки."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1317
+msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git commit --amend», чтобы и�править текущий коммит)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1319
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git rebase --continue», когда будете довольны изменени�ми)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1329
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently cherry-picking commit %s."
+msgstr "Вы копируете коммит %s."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1334
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (разрешите конфликты, затем запу�тите «git cherry-pick --continue»)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1337
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (в�е конфликты разрешены: запу�тите «git cherry-pick --continue»)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1339
+msgid "  (use \"git cherry-pick --abort\" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git cherry-pick --abort», чтобы отменить копировани� коммита)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1348
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently reverting commit %s."
+msgstr "Вы �ейча� обращаете изменени� коммита %s."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1353
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (разрешите конфликты, затем запу�тите «git revert --continue»)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1356
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (в�е конфликты разрешены: запу�тите «git revert --continue»)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1358
+msgid "  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git revert --abort», чтобы отменить операцию обращени� изменений коммита)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1369
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Вы �ейча� в проце��е двоичного пои�ка, начатого � ветки «%s»."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1373
+msgid "You are currently bisecting."
+msgstr "Вы �ейча� в проце��е двоичного пои�ка."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1376
+msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
+msgstr "  (и�пользуйте «git bisect reset», чтобы вернуть�� на и�ходную ветку)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1573
+msgid "On branch "
+msgstr "�а ветке "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1579
+msgid "interactive rebase in progress; onto "
+msgstr "интерактивное перемещение в проце��е; над "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1581
+msgid "rebase in progress; onto "
+msgstr "перемещение в проце��е; над "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1586
+msgid "HEAD detached at "
+msgstr "HEAD отделён на "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1588
+msgid "HEAD detached from "
+msgstr "HEAD отделён начина� � "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1591
+msgid "Not currently on any branch."
+msgstr "Сейча� ни на одной из веток"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1611
+msgid "Initial commit"
+msgstr "�ачальный коммит"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1612
+msgid "No commits yet"
+msgstr "Еще нет коммитов"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1626
+msgid "Untracked files"
+msgstr "�еот�леживаемые файлы"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1628
+msgid "Ignored files"
+msgstr "Игнорируемые файлы"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1632
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
+"may speed it up, but you have to be careful not to forget to add\n"
+"new files yourself (see 'git help status')."
+msgstr "%.2f �екунды зан�л вывод �пи�ка неот�леживаемых файлов. «status -uno» возможно может у�корить �то, но будьте внимательны, и не забудьте добавить новые файлы вручную (�мотрите «git help status» дл� подробно�тей)."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1638
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
+msgstr "�еот�леживаемые файлы не показаны%s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1640
+msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
+msgstr "(и�пользуйте опцию «-u», чтобы показать неот�леживаемые файлы)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1646
+msgid "No changes"
+msgstr "�ет изменений"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1651
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
+msgstr "нет изменений добавленных дл� коммита\n(и�пользуйте «git add» и/или «git commit -a»)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1654
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
+msgstr "нет изменений добавленных дл� коммита\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1657
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
+"track)\n"
+msgstr "ничего не добавлено в коммит, но е�ть неот�леживаемые файлы (и�пользуйте «git add», чтобы от�леживать их)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1660
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
+msgstr "ничего не добавлено в коммит, но е�ть неот�леживаемые файлы\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1663
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
+msgstr "нечего коммитить (�оздайте/�копируйте файлы, затем запу�тите «git add», чтобы от�леживать их)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1666 wt-status.c:1671
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit\n"
+msgstr "нечего коммитить\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1669
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
+msgstr "нечего коммитить (и�пользуйте опцию «-u», чтобы показать неот�леживаемые файлы)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1673
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit, working tree clean\n"
+msgstr "нечего коммитить, нет изменений в рабочем каталоге\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1785
+msgid "No commits yet on "
+msgstr "Еще нет коммитов в"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1789
+msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
+msgstr "HEAD (нет ветки)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1818 wt-status.c:1826
+msgid "behind "
+msgstr "позади"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1821 wt-status.c:1824
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr "впереди "
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the action is e.g. "pull with rebase"
+#: wt-status.c:2318
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить %s: У ва� е�ть непроиндек�ированные изменени�."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2324
+msgid "additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "к тому же, в вашем индек�е е�ть незакоммиченные изменени�."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2326
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить %s: В вашем индек�е е�ть незакоммиченные изменени�."
+
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:437
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
+msgstr "�бой от�оединени� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:24
+msgid "git add [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git add [<опции>] [--] <�пецификатор-пути>…"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
+msgstr "неожиданный �тату� различий %c"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:88 builtin/commit.c:291
+msgid "updating files failed"
+msgstr "�бой при обновлении файлов"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "remove '%s'\n"
+msgstr "удалить «%s»\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:173
+msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
+msgstr "�епроиндек�ированные изменени� по�ле обновлени� индек�а:"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:233 builtin/rev-parse.c:888
+msgid "Could not read the index"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь прочитать индек�"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:244
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь открыть «%s» дл� запи�и."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:248
+msgid "Could not write patch"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь запи�ать патч"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:251
+msgid "editing patch failed"
+msgstr "�бой при редактировании патча"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:254
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь выполнить stat дл� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:256
+msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
+msgstr "Пу�той патч. Операци� прервана."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:261
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь применить «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:271
+msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+msgstr "Следующие пути игнорируют�� одним из ваших файлов .gitignore:\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:291 builtin/clean.c:911 builtin/fetch.c:133 builtin/mv.c:124
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/pull.c:207 builtin/push.c:541
+#: builtin/remote.c:1333 builtin/rm.c:242 builtin/send-pack.c:164
+msgid "dry run"
+msgstr "пробный запу�к"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:294
+msgid "interactive picking"
+msgstr "интерактивный выбор"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:295 builtin/checkout.c:1137 builtin/reset.c:310
+msgid "select hunks interactively"
+msgstr "интерактивный выбор блоков"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:296
+msgid "edit current diff and apply"
+msgstr "отредактировать текущий файл различий и применить его"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
+msgstr "разрешить добавление игнорируемых иначе файлов"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:298
+msgid "update tracked files"
+msgstr "обновить от�леживаемые файлы"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:299
+msgid "renormalize EOL of tracked files (implies -u)"
+msgstr "перенормализировать концы �трок (EOL) от�леживаемых файлов (подразумевает -u)"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:300
+msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
+msgstr "запи�ать только факт, что путь будет добавлен позже"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:301
+msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
+msgstr "добавить изменени� из в�ех от�леживаемых и неот�леживаемых файлов"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:304
+msgid "ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"
+msgstr "игнорировать пути удаленные из рабочего каталога (тоже, что и --no-all)"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:306
+msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
+msgstr "не добавл�ть, только обновить индек�"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:307
+msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
+msgstr "пропу�кать файлы, которые не могут быть добавлены из-за ошибок"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:308
+msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
+msgstr "удо�товерить��, что даже недо�тающие файлы будут проигнорированы при  пробном запу�ке"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:309 builtin/update-index.c:964
+msgid "(+/-)x"
+msgstr "(+/-)x"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:309 builtin/update-index.c:965
+msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
+msgstr "переопределить бит выполнени� на указанных файлах"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:311
+msgid "warn when adding an embedded repository"
+msgstr "предупреждать при добавлении в�троенного git репозитори�"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:326
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You've added another git repository inside your current repository.\n"
+"Clones of the outer repository will not contain the contents of\n"
+"the embedded repository and will not know how to obtain it.\n"
+"If you meant to add a submodule, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If you added this path by mistake, you can remove it from the\n"
+"index with:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"See \"git help submodule\" for more information."
+msgstr "Вы добавили другой репозиторий git внутри текущего репозитори�\nКлоны внешнего репозитори� не будут �одержать внутренний\nрепозиторий и не будут знать как его получить.\nЕ�ли вы хотели добавить подмодуль, то запу�тите:\n\n\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n\nЕ�ли бы добавили �тот путь по ошибке, то вы можете удалить его\nиз индек�а � помощью:\n\n\tgit rm --cached %s\n\nДл� дополнительной информации �мотрите «git help submodule»."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:354
+#, c-format
+msgid "adding embedded git repository: %s"
+msgstr "добавление в�троенного git репозитори�: %s"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:372
+#, c-format
+msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
+msgstr "И�пользуйте -f, е�ли вы дей�твительно хотите добавить их.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:380
+msgid "adding files failed"
+msgstr "ошибка при добавлении файлов"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:417
+msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
+msgstr "-A и -u нельз� и�пользовать одновременно"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:424
+msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
+msgstr "Опци� --ignore-missing может и�пользовать�� только вме�те � --dry-run"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:428
+#, c-format
+msgid "--chmod param '%s' must be either -x or +x"
+msgstr "параметр --chmod «%s» должен быть -x или +x"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:443
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
+msgstr "�ичего не указано, ничего не добавлено.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
+msgstr "Возможно, вы имели в виду «git add .»?\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:449 builtin/check-ignore.c:176 builtin/checkout.c:281
+#: builtin/checkout.c:484 builtin/clean.c:958 builtin/commit.c:350
+#: builtin/diff-tree.c:114 builtin/mv.c:143 builtin/reset.c:249
+#: builtin/rm.c:271 builtin/submodule--helper.c:311
+msgid "index file corrupt"
+msgstr "файл индек�а поврежден"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:414
+msgid "could not parse author script"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать �ценарий автор�тва"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:498
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' was deleted by the applypatch-msg hook"
+msgstr "«%s» был удален перехватчиком applypatch-msg"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:539
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "�еправильна� �трока ввода: «%s»."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:576
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �копировать заметку из «%s» в «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:602
+msgid "fseek failed"
+msgstr "�бой при выполнении fseek"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:790
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse patch '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать патч «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:855
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr "Только �ери� патчей StGIT может быть применена за раз"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:903
+msgid "invalid timestamp"
+msgstr "недопу�тима� метка даты/времени"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:908 builtin/am.c:920
+msgid "invalid Date line"
+msgstr "недопу�тима� �трока даты"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:915
+msgid "invalid timezone offset"
+msgstr "недопу�тимое �мещение ча�ового по��а"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1008
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr "Сбой определени� формата патча."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1013 builtin/clone.c:402
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать каталог «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1017
+msgid "Failed to split patches."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь разделить патчи на ча�ти."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1146 builtin/commit.c:376
+msgid "unable to write index file"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запи�ать индек�"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1160
+#, c-format
+msgid "When you have resolved this problem, run \"%s --continue\"."
+msgstr "Когда вы у�траните �ту проблему, запу�тите «%s --continue»."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1161
+#, c-format
+msgid "If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"%s --skip\" instead."
+msgstr "Е�ли вы хотите пропу�тить �тот патч, то запу�тите «%s --skip»."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1162
+#, c-format
+msgid "To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"%s --abort\"."
+msgstr "Чтобы вернуть�� на предыдущую ветку и о�тановить применение изменений, запу�тите «%s --abort»."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1269
+msgid "Patch is empty."
+msgstr "Патч пу�той."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1335
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid ident line: %.*s"
+msgstr "неправильна� �трока идентификации: %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1357
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse commit %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать коммит %s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1550
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr "В репозитории от�ут�твуют двоичные объекты, необходимые дл� отката к трехходовому �ли�нию."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1552
+msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
+msgstr "И�пользую индек� дл� рекон�трукции базового дерева…"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1571
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+msgstr "Вы вручную измен�ли патч?\nОн не накладывает�� без ошибок на двоичные объекты, запи�анные в его заголовке."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1577
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr "Откат к применению изменений к базовому коммиту � помощью трехходового �ли�ни�…"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1602
+msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �лить изменени�."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1626 builtin/merge.c:642
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr "git write-tree не удало�ь запи�ать дерево"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1633
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr "применение к пу�той и�тории"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1646 builtin/commit.c:1798 builtin/merge.c:825
+#: builtin/merge.c:850
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr "�бой запи�и объекта коммита"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1679 builtin/am.c:1683
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot resume: %s does not exist."
+msgstr "нельз� продолжнить: %s не �уще�твует "
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1699
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr "не удало�ь и�пользовать интерактивное поведение, без stdin подключенного к терминалу."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1704
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
+msgstr "Тело коммита:"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#: builtin/am.c:1714
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all: "
+msgstr "Применить? [y] - да/[n] - нет/[e] - редактировать/[v] - про�мотреть патч/[a] - применить в�ё: "
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1764
+#, c-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "Индек� не пу�той: нельз� примен�ть патчи (в индек�е: %s)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1804 builtin/am.c:1876
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying: %.*s"
+msgstr "Применение: %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1820
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr "�ет изменений — Патч уже применен."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1828
+#, c-format
+msgid "Patch failed at %s %.*s"
+msgstr "Ошибка применени� изменений на %s %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1834
+#, c-format
+msgid "The copy of the patch that failed is found in: %s"
+msgstr "Копию изменений, которые не удало�ь применить, вы можете найти в: %s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1879
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
+msgstr "�ет изменений — возможно, вы забыли вызвать «git add»?\nЕ�ли ничего не о�тало�ь дл� индек�ации, то, �корее в�его, что-то другое уже �делало те же изменени�; возможно, вам �ледует пропу�тить �тот патч."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1886
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index.\n"
+"You should 'git add' each file with resolved conflicts to mark them as such.\n"
+"You might run `git rm` on a file to accept \"deleted by them\" for it."
+msgstr "У ва� е�ть не �литые пути в индек�е.\nВы должны выполнить «git add» дл� каждого файла � разрешенными конфликтами, чтобы пометить их таковыми.\nВы можете запу�тить «git rm» � именем файла, чтобы пометить его как «удалено ими»."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:1993 builtin/am.c:1997 builtin/am.c:2009 builtin/reset.c:332
+#: builtin/reset.c:340
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь разобрать объект «%s»."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2045
+msgid "failed to clean index"
+msgstr "не удало�ь очи�тить индек�"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2080
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+msgstr "Похоже, что вы переме�тили HEAD � момента по�ледней ошибки выполнени� «am».\nПеремотка на ORIG_HEAD не выполн�ет��"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2143
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for --patch-format: %s"
+msgstr "�еправильное значение дл� --patch-format: %s"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2176
+msgid "git am [<options>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"
+msgstr "git am [<опции>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)…]"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2177
+msgid "git am [<options>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
+msgstr "git am [<опции>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2183
+msgid "run interactively"
+msgstr "запу�тить в интерактивном режиме"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2185
+msgid "historical option -- no-op"
+msgstr "и�ториче�ка� опци� — ничего не делает"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2187
+msgid "allow fall back on 3way merging if needed"
+msgstr "разрешить откатить�� к трехходовому �ли�нию, е�ли нужно"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2188 builtin/init-db.c:484 builtin/prune-packed.c:57
+#: builtin/repack.c:180
+msgid "be quiet"
+msgstr "тихий режим"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2190
+msgid "add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message"
+msgstr "добавить �троку Signed-off-by к �ообщению коммита"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2193
+msgid "recode into utf8 (default)"
+msgstr "перекодировать в utf8 (по умолчанию)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2195
+msgid "pass -k flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "передать флаг -k в git-mailinfo"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2197
+msgid "pass -b flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "передать флаг -b в git-mailinfo"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2199
+msgid "pass -m flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "передать флаг -m в git-mailinfo"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2201
+msgid "pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit for mbox format"
+msgstr "передать флаг --keep-cr в git-mailsplit дл� формата mbox"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2204
+msgid "do not pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit independent of am.keepcr"
+msgstr "не передавать --keep-cr флаг в git-mailsplit вне зави�имо�ти от am.keepcr"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2207
+msgid "strip everything before a scissors line"
+msgstr "обрезать в�е до �троки обрезки"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2209 builtin/am.c:2212 builtin/am.c:2215 builtin/am.c:2218
+#: builtin/am.c:2221 builtin/am.c:2224 builtin/am.c:2227 builtin/am.c:2230
+#: builtin/am.c:2236
+msgid "pass it through git-apply"
+msgstr "передать его в git-apply"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2226 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:668
+#: builtin/grep.c:845 builtin/merge.c:205 builtin/pull.c:145
+#: builtin/pull.c:203 builtin/repack.c:189 builtin/repack.c:193
+#: builtin/repack.c:195 builtin/show-branch.c:631 builtin/show-ref.c:169
+#: builtin/tag.c:377 parse-options.h:132 parse-options.h:134
+#: parse-options.h:245
+msgid "n"
+msgstr "n"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2232 builtin/branch.c:629 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38
+#: builtin/replace.c:444 builtin/tag.c:412 builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format"
+msgstr "формат"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2233
+msgid "format the patch(es) are in"
+msgstr "формат, в котором наход�т�� патчи"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2239
+msgid "override error message when patch failure occurs"
+msgstr "переопределить �ообщение об ошибке, е�ли не удало�ь наложить изменени�"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2241
+msgid "continue applying patches after resolving a conflict"
+msgstr "продолжить применение изменений по�ле разрешени� конфиликта"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2244
+msgid "synonyms for --continue"
+msgstr "�иноним дл� --continue"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2247
+msgid "skip the current patch"
+msgstr "пропу�тить текущий патч"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2250
+msgid "restore the original branch and abort the patching operation."
+msgstr "во��тановить оригинальную ветку и отменить операцию применени� изменений."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2254
+msgid "lie about committer date"
+msgstr "�оврать о дате коммитера"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2256
+msgid "use current timestamp for author date"
+msgstr "и�пользовать текущее врем� как врем� автор�тва"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2258 builtin/commit.c:1636 builtin/merge.c:236
+#: builtin/pull.c:178 builtin/revert.c:112 builtin/tag.c:392
+msgid "key-id"
+msgstr "key-id"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2259
+msgid "GPG-sign commits"
+msgstr "подпи�ать коммиты � помощью GPG"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2262
+msgid "(internal use for git-rebase)"
+msgstr "(внутреннее и�пользование дл� git-rebase)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2280
+msgid ""
+"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
+msgstr "Опци� -b/--binary уже долгое врем� ничего не делает и будет удалена � �ледующих вер�и�х Git. Пожалуй�та, не и�пользуйте ее."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2287
+msgid "failed to read the index"
+msgstr "�бой чтени� индек�а"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2302
+#, c-format
+msgid "previous rebase directory %s still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr "предыдущий каталог перемещени� %s еще �уще�твует, но передан mbox."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2326
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Stray %s directory found.\n"
+"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
+msgstr "�айден забытый каталог %s.\nИ�пользуйте «git am --abort», чтобы удалить его."
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2332
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr "Операци� разрешени� конфликтов не в проце��е выполнени�, не продолжаем."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:8
+msgid "git apply [<options>] [<patch>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [<опции>] [<патч>…]"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:17
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create archive file '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать файл архива «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:20
+msgid "could not redirect output"
+msgstr "не удало�ь перенаправить вывод"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:37
+msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
+msgstr "git archive: внешний репозиторий без URL"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:58
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+msgstr "git archive: ожидал�� ACK/NAK, а получен EOF"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
+msgstr "git archive: NACK %s"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:64
+msgid "git archive: protocol error"
+msgstr "git archive: ошибка протокола"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:68
+msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
+msgstr "git archive: ожидал�� �бро� буфера"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:12
+msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:13
+msgid "git bisect--helper --write-terms <bad_term> <good_term>"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --write-terms <плохое-определение> <хорошее-определение>"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:14
+msgid "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid term"
+msgstr "«%s» не �вл�ет�� допу�тимым определением"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't use the builtin command '%s' as a term"
+msgstr "нельз� и�пользовать в�троенную команду «%s» как определение"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't change the meaning of the term '%s'"
+msgstr "нельз� изменить значение определени� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:71
+msgid "please use two different terms"
+msgstr "и�пользуйте два разных определени�"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:78
+msgid "could not open the file BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть файл BISECT_TERMS"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:120
+msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
+msgstr "выполнить «git bisect next»"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:122
+msgid "write the terms to .git/BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "запи�ать определени� в .git/BISECT_TERMS"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:124
+msgid "cleanup the bisection state"
+msgstr "очи�тить �о�то�ние двоичного пои�ка"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:126
+msgid "check for expected revs"
+msgstr "проверить ожидаемые редакции"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:128
+msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
+msgstr "обновить BISECT_HEAD вме�то перехода на текущий коммит"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:143
+msgid "--write-terms requires two arguments"
+msgstr "--write-terms требует указани� двух параметров"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:147
+msgid "--bisect-clean-state requires no arguments"
+msgstr "--bisect-clean-state не требует указани� параметров"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:27
+msgid "git blame [<options>] [<rev-opts>] [<rev>] [--] <file>"
+msgstr "git blame [<опции>] [<опции-редакции>] [<редакци�>] [--] <файл>"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:32
+msgid "<rev-opts> are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+msgstr "<опции-rev-list> документированы в git-rev-list(1)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:668
+msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
+msgstr "Показать запи�и автор�тва по�тепенно, в проце��е нахождени�"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:669
+msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
+msgstr "�е показывать SHA-1 дл� коммитов, не вход�щих в границы запро�а (По умолчанию: отключено)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:670
+msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
+msgstr "�е во�принимать корневые коммиты как граничные (По умолчанию: отключено)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:671
+msgid "Show work cost statistics"
+msgstr "Показать �тати�тику ра�ходов на выполнение запро�а"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:672
+msgid "Force progress reporting"
+msgstr "Принудительно выводить прогре�� выполнени�"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:673
+msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
+msgstr "Показать оценку дл� запи�ей автор�тва"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:674
+msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
+msgstr "Показать оригинальное им� файла (По умолчанию: автоматиче�ки)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:675
+msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Показать оригинальные номера �трок (По умолчанию: отключено)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:676
+msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
+msgstr "Показать в формате дл� программного разбора"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:677
+msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
+msgstr "Показать в машиночитаемом формате, � по�трочной информацией о коммите"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:678
+msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
+msgstr "И�пользовать такой же формат вывода, как и git-annotate (По умолчанию: отключено)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:679
+msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Показать необработанные временные метки (По умолчанию: отключено)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:680
+msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Показать длинный SHA1 идентификатор коммита (По умолчанию: отключено)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:681
+msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
+msgstr "�е показывать им� автора и временные метки (По умолчанию: отключено)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:682
+msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Показать почту автора вме�то имени (По умолчанию: отключено)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:683
+msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
+msgstr "Игнорировать различи� в пробелах"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:690
+msgid "Use an experimental heuristic to improve diffs"
+msgstr "И�пользовать �к�перементальную �ври�тику, чтобы улучшить файлы различий"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:692
+msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
+msgstr "Потратить больше времени, дл� нахождени� лучших �овпадений"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:693
+msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
+msgstr "И�пользовать редакции из <файла> вме�то вызова git-rev-list"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:694
+msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
+msgstr "И�пользовать �одержимое <файла> как финальный �нимок"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:695 builtin/blame.c:696
+msgid "score"
+msgstr "мин-длина"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:695
+msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
+msgstr "�айти копирование �трок в пределах и между файлами"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:696
+msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
+msgstr "�айти перемещени� �трок в пределах и между файлами"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:697
+msgid "n,m"
+msgstr "начало,конец"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:697
+msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
+msgstr "Обработать только �троки в диапазоне начало,конец, начина� � 1"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:744
+msgid "--progress can't be used with --incremental or porcelain formats"
+msgstr "--progress нельз� и�пользовать одновременно � --incremental или машиночитаемым (porcelain) форматом"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the
+#. maximum display width for a relative timestamp in
+#. "git blame" output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11
+#. months ago", which takes 22 places, is the longest
+#. among various forms of relative timestamps, but
+#. your language may need more or fewer display
+#. columns.
+#: builtin/blame.c:795
+msgid "4 years, 11 months ago"
+msgstr "4 года и 11 ме��цев назад"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:882
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s has only %lu line"
+msgid_plural "file %s has only %lu lines"
+msgstr[0] "файл %s �одержит только %lu �троку"
+msgstr[1] "файл %s �одержит только %lu �троки"
+msgstr[2] "файл %s �одержит только %lu �трок"
+msgstr[3] "файл %s �одержит только %lu �троки"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:928
+msgid "Blaming lines"
+msgstr "Про�мотр авторов �трок"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:27
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+msgstr "git branch [<опции>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:28
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-l] [-f] <branch-name> [<start-point>]"
+msgstr "git branch [<опции>] [-l] [-f] <им�-ветки> [<точка-начала>]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:29
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r] (-d | -D) <branch-name>..."
+msgstr "git branch [<опции>] [-r] (-d | -D) <им�-ветки>…"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:30
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-m | -M) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [<опции>] (-m | -M) [<�тара�-ветка>] <нова�-ветка>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:31
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-c | -C) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [<опции>] (-c | -C) [<�тара�-ветка>] <нова�-ветка>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:32
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+msgstr "git branch [<опции>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:33
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+msgstr "git branch [<опции>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:146
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
+"         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
+msgstr "удаление ветки «%s», котора� была �лита �\n         «%s», но не �лита � HEAD."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:150
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
+"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
+msgstr "не удаление ветки «%s», котора� еще не �лита �\n         «%s», хот� уже �лита � HEAD."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:164
+#, c-format
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь найти объект коммита дл� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
+"If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
+msgstr "Ветка «%s» не �лита полно�тью.\nЕ�ли вы уверены, что хотите ее удалить, запу�тите «git branch -D %s»."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:181
+msgid "Update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь обновить файл конфигурации"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:212
+msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
+msgstr "нельз� и�пользовать одновременно ключи -a и -d"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:218
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь найти объект коммита дл� HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:232
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot delete branch '%s' checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "�ельз� удалить ветку «%s» т.к. она активна на «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:247
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote-tracking branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "внешн�� от�леживаема� ветка «%s» не найдена."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:248
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "ветка «%s» не найдена."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:263
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting remote-tracking branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Ошибка удалени� внешней от�леживаемой ветки «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:264
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Ошибка удалени� ветки «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:271
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted remote-tracking branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Внешн�� от�леживаема� ветка %s удалена (была %s).\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Ветка %s удалена (была %s).\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:417 builtin/tag.c:58
+msgid "unable to parse format string"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать �троку формата"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:450
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s is being rebased at %s"
+msgstr "Производит�� перемещение ветки %s на %s"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:454
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s is being bisected at %s"
+msgstr "Производит�� двоичный пои�к в ветке %s на %s"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:471
+msgid "cannot copy the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr "невозможно �копировать текущую ветку, е�ли вы не находите�ь ни на одной из веток."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:473
+msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr "невозможно переименовать текущую ветку, е�ли вы не находите�ь ни на одной из них."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:484
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
+msgstr "�едей�твительное им� ветки: «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:511
+msgid "Branch rename failed"
+msgstr "Сбой переименовани� ветки"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:513
+msgid "Branch copy failed"
+msgstr "Сбой копировани� ветки"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:517
+#, c-format
+msgid "Created a copy of a misnamed branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Создана копи� неправильно названной ветки «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:520
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+msgstr "Переименована неправильно названна� ветка «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:526
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
+msgstr "Ветка переименована в %s, но HEAD не обновлен!"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:535
+msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "Ветка переименована, но произошел �бой обновлени� файла конфигурации"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:537
+msgid "Branch is copied, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "Ветка �копирована, но произошел �бой обновлени� файла конфигурации"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:553
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Please edit the description for the branch\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be stripped.\n"
+msgstr "Измените опи�ание дл� ветки:\n  %s\nСтроки, начинающие�� � «%c» будут вырезаны.\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:586
+msgid "Generic options"
+msgstr "Общие параметры"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:588
+msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
+msgstr "показывать х�ш-�умму и тему, укажите дважды дл� выше�то�щей ветки"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:589
+msgid "suppress informational messages"
+msgstr "не выводить информационные �ообщени�"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:590
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
+msgstr "у�тановить режим от�леживани� выше�то�щей ветки (�м. git-pull(1))"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:592
+msgid "do not use"
+msgstr "не и�пользуйте"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:594
+msgid "upstream"
+msgstr "выше�то�ща�"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:594
+msgid "change the upstream info"
+msgstr "изменить информацию о выше�то�щей ветке"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:595
+msgid "Unset the upstream info"
+msgstr "Убрать информацию о выше�то�щей ветке"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:596
+msgid "use colored output"
+msgstr "и�пользовать цветной вывод"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
+msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "выполнить дей�тви� на от�леживаемых внешних ветках"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:599 builtin/branch.c:601
+msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
+msgstr "вывод только веток, которые �одержат коммит"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:600 builtin/branch.c:602
+msgid "print only branches that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "вывод только веток, которые не �одержат коммит"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:605
+msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
+msgstr "Специфичные дл� git-branch дей�тви�:"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:606
+msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr "показать �пи�ок и от�леживаемых и локальных веток"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:608
+msgid "delete fully merged branch"
+msgstr "удалить полно�тью �литую ветку"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:609
+msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
+msgstr "удалить ветку (даже никуда не �литую)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:610
+msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr "переме�тить/переименовать ветки и ее журнал ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:611
+msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr "переме�тить/переименовать ветку, даже е�ли целевое им� уже �уще�твует"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:612
+msgid "copy a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr "�копировать ветку и её журнал ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:613
+msgid "copy a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr "�копировать ветку, даже е�ли целевое им� уже �уще�твует"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:614
+msgid "list branch names"
+msgstr "показать �пи�ок имен веток"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:615
+msgid "create the branch's reflog"
+msgstr "�оздать журнал ��ылок ветки"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:617
+msgid "edit the description for the branch"
+msgstr "изменить опи�ание ветки"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:618
+msgid "force creation, move/rename, deletion"
+msgstr "принудительное �оздание, перемещение или удаление ветки"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:619
+msgid "print only branches that are merged"
+msgstr "вывод только �литых веток"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:620
+msgid "print only branches that are not merged"
+msgstr "вывод только не �литых веток"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:621
+msgid "list branches in columns"
+msgstr "показать �пи�ок веток по �толбцам"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:622 builtin/for-each-ref.c:40 builtin/tag.c:405
+msgid "key"
+msgstr "ключ"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:623 builtin/for-each-ref.c:41 builtin/tag.c:406
+msgid "field name to sort on"
+msgstr "им� пол�, по которому выполнить �ортировку"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:625 builtin/for-each-ref.c:43 builtin/notes.c:408
+#: builtin/notes.c:411 builtin/notes.c:571 builtin/notes.c:574
+#: builtin/tag.c:408
+msgid "object"
+msgstr "объект"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:626
+msgid "print only branches of the object"
+msgstr "вывод только веток, определенного объекта"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:628 builtin/for-each-ref.c:49 builtin/tag.c:415
+msgid "sorting and filtering are case insensitive"
+msgstr "�ортировка и фильтраци� не зави��т от реги�тра"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:629 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38 builtin/tag.c:413
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format to use for the output"
+msgstr "и�пользовать формат дл� вывода"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:652 builtin/clone.c:730
+msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
+msgstr "HEAD не найден в refs/heads!"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:675
+msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column и --verbose нельз� и�пользовать одновременно"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:690 builtin/branch.c:742 builtin/branch.c:751
+msgid "branch name required"
+msgstr "требует�� им� ветки"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:718
+msgid "Cannot give description to detached HEAD"
+msgstr "�ельз� дать опи�ание отделённому HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:723
+msgid "cannot edit description of more than one branch"
+msgstr "нельз� изменить опи�ание более одной ветки за раз"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "No commit on branch '%s' yet."
+msgstr "Еще нет коммита на ветке «%s»."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:733
+#, c-format
+msgid "No branch named '%s'."
+msgstr "�ет ветки � именем «%s»."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:748
+msgid "too many branches for a copy operation"
+msgstr "�лишком много веток дл� операции копировани�"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:757
+msgid "too many arguments for a rename operation"
+msgstr "�лишком много аргументов дл� операции переименовани�"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:762
+msgid "too many arguments to set new upstream"
+msgstr "�лишком много аргументов дл� указани� новой выше�то�щей ветки"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:766
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr "невозможно у�тановить выше�то�щий репозиторий дл� HEAD на %s, так как он не указывает ни на одну ветку."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:769 builtin/branch.c:791 builtin/branch.c:807
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch '%s'"
+msgstr "нет такой ветки «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:773
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "ветка «%s» не �уще�твует"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:785
+msgid "too many arguments to unset upstream"
+msgstr "�лишком много аргументов дл� �бро�а указани� выше�то�щей ветки"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:789
+msgid "could not unset upstream of HEAD when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr "невозможно убрать выше�то�щий репозиторий дл� HEAD, так как он не указывает ни на одну ветку."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:795
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
+msgstr "Ветка «%s» не имеет информации о выше�то�щей ветке"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:810
+msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
+msgstr "параметры -a и -r дл� «git branch» не имеют �мы�ла � указанием имени ветки"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:813
+msgid ""
+"the '--set-upstream' option is no longer supported. Please use '--track' or "
+"'--set-upstream-to' instead."
+msgstr "опци� --set-upstream больше не поддерживает��. Вме�то неё и�пользуйте «--track» или «--set-upstream-to»"
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:45
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is okay\n"
+msgstr "%s в пор�дке\n"
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:58
+msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
+msgstr "Требует�� репозиторий дл� �оздани� пакета."
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:62
+msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
+msgstr "Требует�� репозиторий дл� ра�паковки."
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:521
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | "
+"-p | <type> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<path>] <object>"
+msgstr "git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -p | <тип> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<путь>] <объект>"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:522
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | "
+"--filters]"
+msgstr "git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --filters]"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:559
+msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
+msgstr "<тип> может быть одним из: blob, tree, commit, tag"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:560
+msgid "show object type"
+msgstr "показать тип объекта"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:561
+msgid "show object size"
+msgstr "показать размер объекта"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:563
+msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
+msgstr "выйти � нулевым кодом возврата, е�ли нет ошибки"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:564
+msgid "pretty-print object's content"
+msgstr "�труктурированный вывод �одержимого объекта"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:566
+msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
+msgstr "запу�тить texconv на �одержимом двоичных объектов "
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:568
+msgid "for blob objects, run filters on object's content"
+msgstr "запу�к фильтров на �одержимом двоичных объектов "
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:569 git-submodule.sh:931
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr "двоичный объект"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:570
+msgid "use a specific path for --textconv/--filters"
+msgstr "и�пользовать определенный путь дл� --textconv/--filters"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:572
+msgid "allow -s and -t to work with broken/corrupt objects"
+msgstr "разрешить -s и -t работать � повреждёнными объектами"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:573
+msgid "buffer --batch output"
+msgstr "буфферировать вывод --batch"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:575
+msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr "показать информацию и �одержимое объектов, переданных из �тандартного ввода"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:578
+msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr "показать информацию об объектах, переданных из �тандартного ввода"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:581
+msgid "follow in-tree symlinks (used with --batch or --batch-check)"
+msgstr "переходить по �имвольным ��ылкам внутри дерева (и�пользует�� � опци�ми --batch и --batch-check)"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:583
+msgid "show all objects with --batch or --batch-check"
+msgstr "показать в�е объекты � опци�ми --batch или --batch-check"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:12
+msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | <attr>...] [--] <pathname>..."
+msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | <атрибут>…] [--] <путь>…"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:13
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...]"
+msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <атрибут>…]"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
+msgid "report all attributes set on file"
+msgstr "выве�ти в�е атрибуты у�тановленные дл� файла"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21
+msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
+msgstr "и�пользовать только .gitattributes из индек�а"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:22 builtin/check-ignore.c:24 builtin/hash-object.c:99
+msgid "read file names from stdin"
+msgstr "прочитать имена файлов из �тандартного ввода"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:24 builtin/check-ignore.c:26
+msgid "terminate input and output records by a NUL character"
+msgstr "окончание ввода и вывода запи�ей по �УЛЕВОМУ �имволу"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:20 builtin/checkout.c:1118 builtin/gc.c:358
+msgid "suppress progress reporting"
+msgstr "не выводить прогре�� выполнени�"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
+msgid "show non-matching input paths"
+msgstr "показать не �овпадающие введенные пути"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:30
+msgid "ignore index when checking"
+msgstr "игнорировать индек� при проверке"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:158
+msgid "cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
+msgstr "нельз� указывать пути вме�те � параметром --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:161
+msgid "-z only makes sense with --stdin"
+msgstr "-z имеет �мы�л только вме�те � параметром --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:163
+msgid "no path specified"
+msgstr "не указан путь"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:167
+msgid "--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
+msgstr "--quiet можно и�пользовать только при указании одного пути"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:169
+msgid "cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"
+msgstr "нельз� и�пользовать одновременно --quiet и --verbose"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:172
+msgid "--non-matching is only valid with --verbose"
+msgstr "--non-matching можно и�пользовать только вме�те � --verbose"
+
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:9
+msgid "git check-mailmap [<options>] <contact>..."
+msgstr "git check-mailmap [<опции>] <контакт>…"
+
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:14
+msgid "also read contacts from stdin"
+msgstr "также читать контакты из �тандартного ввода"
+
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:25
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse contact: %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать контакт: %s"
+
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:48
+msgid "no contacts specified"
+msgstr "не указаны контакты"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:128
+msgid "git checkout-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git checkout-index [<опции>] [--] [<файл>…]"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:143
+msgid "stage should be between 1 and 3 or all"
+msgstr "индек� должен быть между 1 и 3 или all"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:159
+msgid "check out all files in the index"
+msgstr "переключить�� на �о�то�ние в�ех файлов из индек�а"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:160
+msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
+msgstr "принудительна� перезапи�ь �уще�твующих файлов"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:162
+msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
+msgstr "не выводить предупреждени� дл� �уще�твующих и непроиндек�ированных файлов"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:164
+msgid "don't checkout new files"
+msgstr "не �оздавать новые файлы"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:166
+msgid "update stat information in the index file"
+msgstr "обновить �тати�тику до�тупа в файле индек�а"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:170
+msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
+msgstr "прочитать �пи�ок путей из �тандартного ввода"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:172
+msgid "write the content to temporary files"
+msgstr "запи�ать �одержимое во временные файлы"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:173 builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:866 builtin/submodule--helper.c:869
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:875 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1237
+#: builtin/worktree.c:552
+msgid "string"
+msgstr "�трока"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:174
+msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
+msgstr "добавить �переди <�троку> при �оздании файлов"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:176
+msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
+msgstr "копировать файлы из указанного индек�а"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:27
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] <branch>"
+msgstr "git checkout [<опции>] <ветка>"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:28
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
+msgstr "git checkout [<опции>] [<ветка>] -- <файл>…"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:136 builtin/checkout.c:169
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
+msgstr "путь «%s» не имеет нашей вер�ии"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:138 builtin/checkout.c:171
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
+msgstr "путь «%s» не имеет их вер�ии"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:154
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
+msgstr "путь «%s» не имеет в�ех необходимых вер�ий"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:198
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
+msgstr "путь «%s» не имеет необходимых вер�ий"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
+msgstr "путь «%s»: не удало�ь �лить"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:232
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь добавить результат �ли�ни� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:254 builtin/checkout.c:257 builtin/checkout.c:260
+#: builtin/checkout.c:263
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
+msgstr "«%s» нельз� и�пользовать при обновлении путей"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:266 builtin/checkout.c:269
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr "«%s» нельз� и�пользовать одновременно � %s"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
+msgstr "�ельз� обновл�ть пути и переключать�� на ветку «%s» одновременно."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:341 builtin/checkout.c:348
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
+msgstr "путь «%s» не �лит"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:506
+msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
+msgstr "�начала нужно разрешить конфликты в вашем текущем индек�е"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:637
+#, c-format
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �оздать журнал ��ылок дл� «%s»: %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:678
+msgid "HEAD is now at"
+msgstr "HEAD �ейча� на"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:682 builtin/clone.c:684
+msgid "unable to update HEAD"
+msgstr "не удало�ь обновить HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:686
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Сбро� ветки «%s»\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:689
+#, c-format
+msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Уже на «%s»\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:693
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Переключение и �бро� ветки «%s»\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:695 builtin/checkout.c:1051
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Переключено на новую ветку «%s»\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:697
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Переключено на ветку «%s»\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:748
+#, c-format
+msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
+msgstr " … и еще %d.\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:754
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commits behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgstr[0] "Предупреждение: вы о�тавл�ете позади %d коммит не �оединенную ни � одной из ваших веток:\n\n%s\n"
+msgstr[1] "Предупреждение: вы о�тавл�ете позади %d коммита не �оединенные ни � одной из ваших веток:\n\n%s\n"
+msgstr[2] "Предупреждение: вы о�тавл�ете позади %d коммитов не �оединенные ни � одной из ваших веток:\n\n%s\n"
+msgstr[3] "Предупреждение: вы о�тавл�ете позади %d коммитов не �оединенные ни � одной из ваших веток:\n\n%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:773
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to keep it by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr[0] "Е�ли вы хотите �охранить их � помощью �оздани� новой ветки, то �ейча� �амое врем�\n�делать �то � помощью:\n\n git branch <им�-новой-ветки> %s\n"
+msgstr[1] "Е�ли вы хотите �охранить их � помощью �оздани� новой ветки, то �ейча� �амое врем�\n�делать �то � помощью:\n\n git branch <им�-новой-ветки> %s\n"
+msgstr[2] "Е�ли вы хотите �охранить их � помощью �оздани� новой ветки, то �ейча� �амое врем�\n�делать �то � помощью:\n\n git branch <им�-новой-ветки> %s\n"
+msgstr[3] "Е�ли вы хотите �охранить их � помощью �оздани� новой ветки, то �ейча� �амое врем�\n�делать �то � помощью:\n\n git branch <им�-новой-ветки> %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:814
+msgid "internal error in revision walk"
+msgstr "внутренн�� ошибка при хождении по редакци�м"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:818
+msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
+msgstr "Предыдуща� позици� HEAD была"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:848 builtin/checkout.c:1046
+msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr "Вы находите�ь на еще не �озданной ветке"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:952
+#, c-format
+msgid "only one reference expected, %d given."
+msgstr "ожидает�� только одна ��ылка, а передано %d."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:992 builtin/worktree.c:247
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid reference: %s"
+msgstr "неправильна� ��ылка: %s"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
+msgstr "в дереве нет такой ��ылки: %s"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1060
+msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr "нельз� и�пользовать пути при переключении веток"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1063 builtin/checkout.c:1067
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr "нельз� и�пользовать «%s» при переключении веток"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1071 builtin/checkout.c:1074 builtin/checkout.c:1079
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1082
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
+msgstr "«%s» нельз� и�пользовать одновременно � «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1087
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
+msgstr "�ельз� переключить ветку на не коммит «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1119 builtin/checkout.c:1121 builtin/clone.c:114
+#: builtin/remote.c:166 builtin/remote.c:168 builtin/worktree.c:369
+#: builtin/worktree.c:371
+msgid "branch"
+msgstr "ветка"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1120
+msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
+msgstr "�оздать и переключить�� на новую ветку"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
+msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
+msgstr "�оздать/�бро�ить и перключить�� на новую ветку"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1123
+msgid "create reflog for new branch"
+msgstr "�оздать журнал ��ылок дл� новой ветки"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1124 builtin/worktree.c:373
+msgid "detach HEAD at named commit"
+msgstr "от�оединить HEAD на указанном коммите"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
+msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
+msgstr "у�тановить информацию о выше�то�щей ветке дл� новой ветки"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1127
+msgid "new-branch"
+msgstr "нова�-ветка"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1127
+msgid "new unparented branch"
+msgstr "нова� ветка без родителей"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1128
+msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
+msgstr "переключить�� на нашу вер�ию дл� не �литых файлов"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1130
+msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
+msgstr "переключить�� на их вер�ию дл� не �литых файлов"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1132
+msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
+msgstr "принудительное переключение на �о�то�ние (отбра�ывает в�е локальные изменени�)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1133
+msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
+msgstr "выполнить трехходовое �ли�ние � новой веткой"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1134 builtin/merge.c:238
+msgid "update ignored files (default)"
+msgstr "обновить игнорируемые файлы (по умолчанию)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1135 builtin/log.c:1496 parse-options.h:251
+msgid "style"
+msgstr "�тиль"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1136
+msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
+msgstr "�тиль конфликтов �ли�ни� (merge или diff3)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1139
+msgid "do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only"
+msgstr "не ограничивать �пецификаторы пути только ча�тичными запи��ми"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1141
+msgid "second guess 'git checkout <no-such-branch>'"
+msgstr "пере�мотр «git checkout <нет-такой-ветки>»"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1143
+msgid "do not check if another worktree is holding the given ref"
+msgstr "не провер�ть, что другое дерево уже �одержит указанную ��ылку"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1147 builtin/clone.c:81 builtin/fetch.c:137
+#: builtin/merge.c:235 builtin/pull.c:123 builtin/push.c:556
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:173
+msgid "force progress reporting"
+msgstr "принудительно выводить прогре��"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1177
+msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-b, -B и --orphan нельз� и�пользовать одновременно"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1194
+msgid "--track needs a branch name"
+msgstr "--track требует им� ветки"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1199
+msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
+msgstr "Пропущено им� ветки; попробуйте -b"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1235
+msgid "invalid path specification"
+msgstr "недопу�тимый �пецификатор пути"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1242
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit and a branch '%s' cannot be created from it"
+msgstr "«%s» не �вл�ет�� коммитом, по�тому невозможно �оздать из него ветку «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1246
+#, c-format
+msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
+msgstr "git checkout: --detach не принимает путь «%s» как аргумент"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1250
+msgid ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
+"checking out of the index."
+msgstr "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge нельз� и�пользовать одновременно при применении �о�то�ни� индек�а."
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:26
+msgid ""
+"git clean [-d] [-f] [-i] [-n] [-q] [-e <pattern>] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git clean [-d] [-f] [-i] [-n] [-q] [-e <шаблон>] [-x | -X] [--] <пути>…"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:30
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr "Удаление %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:31
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would remove %s\n"
+msgstr "Будет удалено %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:32
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping repository %s\n"
+msgstr "Пропу�к репозитори� %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:33
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would skip repository %s\n"
+msgstr "Будет пропущен репозиторий %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:34
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove %s"
+msgstr "�бой удалени� %s"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:302 git-add--interactive.perl:572
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Prompt help:\n"
+"1          - select a numbered item\n"
+"foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
+"           - (empty) select nothing\n"
+msgstr "Справка по выделению:\n1          - выбрать указанный �лемент\nfoo        - выбрать �лемент � указанным префик�ом\n           - (пу�то) не выбирать ничего\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:306 git-add--interactive.perl:581
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Prompt help:\n"
+"1          - select a single item\n"
+"3-5        - select a range of items\n"
+"2-3,6-9    - select multiple ranges\n"
+"foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
+"-...       - unselect specified items\n"
+"*          - choose all items\n"
+"           - (empty) finish selecting\n"
+msgstr "Справка по выделению:\n1          - выбрать один �лемент\n3-5        - выбрать диапазон �лементов\n2-3,6-9    - выбрать не�колько диапазонов\nfoo        - выбрать �лемент � указанным префик�ом\n-…       - убрать выделение � указанных �лементов\n*          - выбрать в�е �лементы\n           - (пу�то) завершить выделение\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:522 git-add--interactive.perl:547
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:552
+#, c-format, perl-format
+msgid "Huh (%s)?\n"
+msgstr "Хм (%s)?\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:664
+#, c-format
+msgid "Input ignore patterns>> "
+msgstr "Шаблоны игнорировани� ввода>> "
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:701
+#, c-format
+msgid "WARNING: Cannot find items matched by: %s"
+msgstr "ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕ�ИЕ: �е удало�ь найти �лементы �оответ�твующие: %s"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:722
+msgid "Select items to delete"
+msgstr "Укажите �лементы дл� удалени�"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to keep [y/N] as is
+#: builtin/clean.c:763
+#, c-format
+msgid "Remove %s [y/N]? "
+msgstr "Удалить %s [y - да/N - нет]? "
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:788 git-add--interactive.perl:1616
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bye.\n"
+msgstr "До �видани�.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:796
+msgid ""
+"clean               - start cleaning\n"
+"filter by pattern   - exclude items from deletion\n"
+"select by numbers   - select items to be deleted by numbers\n"
+"ask each            - confirm each deletion (like \"rm -i\")\n"
+"quit                - stop cleaning\n"
+"help                - this screen\n"
+"?                   - help for prompt selection"
+msgstr "clean               - начать очи�тку\nfilter by pattern   - и�ключить удаление �лементов\nselect by numbers   - и�ключить удаление �лементов по номерам\nask each            - запрашивать подтверждение на удаление каждого �лемента (как «rm -i»)\nquit                - прекратить очи�тку\nhelp                - �тот �кран\n?                   - �правка по выделению"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:823 git-add--interactive.perl:1692
+msgid "*** Commands ***"
+msgstr "*** Команды ***"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:824 git-add--interactive.perl:1689
+msgid "What now"
+msgstr "Что теперь"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:832
+msgid "Would remove the following item:"
+msgid_plural "Would remove the following items:"
+msgstr[0] "Удалить �ледующие �лементы:"
+msgstr[1] "Удалить �ледующие �лементы:"
+msgstr[2] "Удалить �ледующие �лементы:"
+msgstr[3] "Удалить �ледующие �лементы:"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:848
+msgid "No more files to clean, exiting."
+msgstr "Больше нет файлов дл� очи�тки, выходим."
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:910
+msgid "do not print names of files removed"
+msgstr "не выводить имена удал�емых файлов"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:912
+msgid "force"
+msgstr "принудительно"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:913
+msgid "interactive cleaning"
+msgstr "интерактивна� очи�тка"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:915
+msgid "remove whole directories"
+msgstr "удалить каталоги полно�тью"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:916 builtin/describe.c:530 builtin/describe.c:532
+#: builtin/grep.c:863 builtin/log.c:155 builtin/log.c:157
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:548 builtin/name-rev.c:397 builtin/name-rev.c:399
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
+msgid "pattern"
+msgstr "шаблон"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:917
+msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
+msgstr "добавить <шаблон> в правила игнорировани�"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:918
+msgid "remove ignored files, too"
+msgstr "также удалить игнорируемые файлы"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:920
+msgid "remove only ignored files"
+msgstr "удалить только игнорируемые файлы"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:938
+msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
+msgstr "нельз� и�пользовать одновременно -x и -X"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:942
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce set to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; refusing to"
+" clean"
+msgstr "clean.requireForce у�тановлен как true и ни одна из опций -i, -n или -f не указана; отказ очи�тки"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:945
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; "
+"refusing to clean"
+msgstr "clean.requireForce у�тановлен по умолчанию как true и ни одна из опций -i, -n или -f не указана; отказ очи�тки"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:39
+msgid "git clone [<options>] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+msgstr "git clone [<опции>] [--] <репозиторий> [<каталог>]"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:83
+msgid "don't create a checkout"
+msgstr "не переключать рабочую копию на HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/clone.c:86 builtin/init-db.c:479
+msgid "create a bare repository"
+msgstr "�оздать голый репозиторий"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:88
+msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
+msgstr "�оздать зеркало репозитори� (включает в �еб� и параметр bare)"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:90
+msgid "to clone from a local repository"
+msgstr "дл� клонировани� из локального репозитори�"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:92
+msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
+msgstr "не и�пользовать же�ткие ��ылки, в�егда копировать файлы"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:94
+msgid "setup as shared repository"
+msgstr "на�троить как общедо�тупный репозиторий"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:96 builtin/clone.c:100
+msgid "pathspec"
+msgstr "�пецификатор-пути"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:96 builtin/clone.c:100
+msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
+msgstr "инициализировать подмодули в клоне"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:103
+msgid "number of submodules cloned in parallel"
+msgstr "количе�тво подмодулей, которые будут клонированы парралельно"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:104 builtin/init-db.c:476
+msgid "template-directory"
+msgstr "каталог-шаблонов"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:105 builtin/init-db.c:477
+msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
+msgstr "каталог, шаблоны из которого будут и�пользованы"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:107 builtin/clone.c:109 builtin/submodule--helper.c:873
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1240
+msgid "reference repository"
+msgstr "��ылаемый репозиторий"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:111
+msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
+msgstr "и�пользуйте --reference только при клонировании"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:112 builtin/column.c:27 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+msgid "name"
+msgstr "им�"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:113
+msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
+msgstr "и�пользовать <им�> вме�то «origin» дл� от�леживани� выше�то�щего репозитори�"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:115
+msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
+msgstr "переключить�� на <ветку>, вме�то HEAD внешнего репозитори�"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:117
+msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
+msgstr "путь к git-upload-pack на внешнем репозитории"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:118 builtin/fetch.c:138 builtin/grep.c:806
+#: builtin/pull.c:211
+msgid "depth"
+msgstr "глубина"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:119
+msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
+msgstr "�делать ча�тичный клон указанной глубины"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:120 builtin/fetch.c:140 builtin/pack-objects.c:2991
+#: parse-options.h:142
+msgid "time"
+msgstr "врем�"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:121
+msgid "create a shallow clone since a specific time"
+msgstr "�делать ча�тичный клон до определенного времени"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:122 builtin/fetch.c:142
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "редакци�"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:123 builtin/fetch.c:143
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone, excluding rev"
+msgstr "углубить и�торию ча�тичного клона и�ключа� редакцию"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:125
+msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
+msgstr "клонировать только одну ветку, HEAD или --branch"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:127
+msgid "don't clone any tags, and make later fetches not to follow them"
+msgstr "не клонировать метки, а также на�троить, чтобы не клонировали�ь и в дальнейшем"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:129
+msgid "any cloned submodules will be shallow"
+msgstr "в�е �клонированные подмодули будут ча�тичными клонами"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:130 builtin/init-db.c:485
+msgid "gitdir"
+msgstr "каталог-git"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:131 builtin/init-db.c:486
+msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
+msgstr "разме�тить каталог git отдельно от рабочей копии"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:132
+msgid "key=value"
+msgstr "ключ=значение"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:133
+msgid "set config inside the new repository"
+msgstr "у�тановить параметры внутри нового репозитори�"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:134 builtin/fetch.c:160 builtin/pull.c:224
+#: builtin/push.c:567
+msgid "use IPv4 addresses only"
+msgstr "и�пользовать только IPv4 адре�а"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:136 builtin/fetch.c:162 builtin/pull.c:227
+#: builtin/push.c:569
+msgid "use IPv6 addresses only"
+msgstr "и�пользовать только IPv6 адре�а"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:273
+msgid ""
+"No directory name could be guessed.\n"
+"Please specify a directory on the command line"
+msgstr "Им� каталога не может быть угадано.\nУкажите им� каталога � помощью параметра командной �троки"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:326
+#, c-format
+msgid "info: Could not add alternate for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "информаци�: �е удало�ь добавить альтернативу дл� «%s»: %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:398
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:406
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
+msgstr "%s уже �уще�твует и не �вл�ет�� каталогом"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:420
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить stat %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:442
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать ��ылку «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:446
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь копировать файл в «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:472
+#, c-format
+msgid "done.\n"
+msgstr "готово.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:484
+msgid ""
+"Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
+"You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
+"and retry the checkout with 'git checkout -f HEAD'\n"
+msgstr "Клонирование прошло у�пешно, но во врем� переключени� �о�то�ни� произошла ошибка.\nС помощь команды «git status» вы можете про�мотреть, какие файлы были обновлены,\nа � помощью «git checkout -f HEAD» можно повторить попытку переключени� на ветку \n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:561
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь найти внешнюю ветку %s дл� клонировани�."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:656
+msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
+msgstr "внешний репозиторий при�лал не в�е необходимые объекты"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:672
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to update %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь обновить %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:721
+msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
+msgstr "внешний HEAD ��ылает�� на не�уще�твующую ��ылку, нельз� переключить�� на такую вер�ию.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:751
+msgid "unable to checkout working tree"
+msgstr "не удало�ь переключить�� на вер�ию в рабочем каталоге"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:796
+msgid "unable to write parameters to config file"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запи�ать параметры в файл конфигурации"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:859
+msgid "cannot repack to clean up"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить перепаковку дл� очи�тки"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:861
+msgid "cannot unlink temporary alternates file"
+msgstr "не удало�ь от�оединить временные альтернативные файлы"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:894 builtin/receive-pack.c:1945
+msgid "Too many arguments."
+msgstr "Слишком много аргументов."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:898
+msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
+msgstr "Вы должны указать репозиторий дл� клонировани�."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:911
+#, c-format
+msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
+msgstr "--bare и --origin %s нельз� и�пользовать одновременно."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:914
+msgid "--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."
+msgstr "--bare и --separate-git-dir нельз� и�пользовать одновременно."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:927
+#, c-format
+msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "репозиторий «%s» не �уще�твует"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:933 builtin/fetch.c:1358
+#, c-format
+msgid "depth %s is not a positive number"
+msgstr "глубина %s не �вл�ет�� положительным чи�лом"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:943
+#, c-format
+msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
+msgstr "целевой путь «%s» уже �уще�твует и не �вл�ет�� пу�тым каталогом."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:953
+#, c-format
+msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "рабочий каталог «%s» уже �уще�твует."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:968 builtin/clone.c:979 builtin/difftool.c:270
+#: builtin/worktree.c:253 builtin/worktree.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать родитель�кие каталоги дл� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать рабочий каталог «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "Клонирование в голый репозиторий «%s»…\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:985
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "Клонирование в «%s»…\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1009
+msgid ""
+"clone --recursive is not compatible with both --reference and --reference-"
+"if-able"
+msgstr "клонирование � параметром --recursive нельз� и�пользовать одновременно ни � --reference, ни � --reference-if-able"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1071
+msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--depth игнорирует�� на локальных клонах; вме�то �того и�пользуйте file://."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1073
+msgid "--shallow-since is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--shallow-since игнорирует�� на локальных клонах; и�пользуйте file:// вме�то �того."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1075
+msgid "--shallow-exclude is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--shallow-exclude игнорирует�� на локальных клонах; и�пользуйте file:// вме�то �того."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1078
+msgid "source repository is shallow, ignoring --local"
+msgstr "и�ходный репозиторий �вл�ет�� ча�тичным, --local игнорирует��"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1083
+msgid "--local is ignored"
+msgstr "--local игнорирует��"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1139 builtin/clone.c:1147
+#, c-format
+msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
+msgstr "Внешн�� ветка %s не найдена в выше�то�щем репозитории %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1150
+msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
+msgstr "Похоже, что вы клонировали пу�той репозиторий."
+
+#: builtin/column.c:10
+msgid "git column [<options>]"
+msgstr "git column [<опции>]"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:27
+msgid "lookup config vars"
+msgstr "запро�ить переменные конфигурации"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:28 builtin/column.c:29
+msgid "layout to use"
+msgstr "и�пользовать �хему ра�положени�"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:30
+msgid "Maximum width"
+msgstr "Мак�имальна� ширина"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:31
+msgid "Padding space on left border"
+msgstr "Ра��то�ние от�тупа �лева"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:32
+msgid "Padding space on right border"
+msgstr "Ра��то�ние от�тупа �права"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:33
+msgid "Padding space between columns"
+msgstr "Ра��то�ние от�тупа между колонками"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:52
+msgid "--command must be the first argument"
+msgstr "параметр --command должен быть первым"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:39
+msgid "git commit [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git commit [<опции>] [--] <�пецификатор-пути>…"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:44
+msgid "git status [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git status [<опции>] [--] <�пецификатор-пути>…"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:49
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
+"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
+"your configuration file:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr "Ваше им� или �лектронна� почта на�троены автоматиче�ки на о�новании вашего\nимени пользовател� и имени машины. Пожалуй�та, проверьте, что они \nопределены правильно.\nВы можете отключить �то уведомление у�тановив их напр�мую. Запу�тите �ледующую\nкоманду и �ледуйте ин�трукци�м вашего тек�тового редактора, дл�\nредактировани� вашего файла конфигурации:\n\n    git config --global --edit\n\nПо�ле �того, изменить автор�тво �той коммита можно будет � помощью команды:\n\n    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:62
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr "Ваше им� или �лектронна� почта на�троены автоматиче�ки на о�новании вашего\nимени пользовател� и имени машины. Пожалуй�та, проверьте, что они \nопределены правильно.\nВы можете отключить �то уведомление у�тановив их напр�мую:\n\n    git config --global user.name \"Ваше Им�\"\n    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n\nПо�ле �того, изменить автор�тво �той коммита можно будет � помощью команды:\n\n    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:74
+msgid ""
+"You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
+"it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
+"remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
+msgstr "Вы попро�или и�править по�ледний коммит, но дела� �то вы �делаете\nпу�той коммит. Вы можете повторить �ту команду � опцией --allow-empty\nили вы можете удалить коммит полно�тью � помощью команды \n«git reset HEAD^».\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:79
+msgid ""
+"The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
+"If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr "Копируемый коммит теперь пу�т, возможно по�ле разрешени� конфликтов.\nЕ�ли вы в�е равно хотите �делать пу�той коммит, и�пользуйте:\n\n    git commit --allow-empty\n\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:86
+msgid "Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
+msgstr "В противном �лучае, и�пользуйте «git reset»\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:89
+msgid ""
+"If you wish to skip this commit, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git reset\n"
+"\n"
+"Then \"git cherry-pick --continue\" will resume cherry-picking\n"
+"the remaining commits.\n"
+msgstr "Е�ли вы хотите пропу�тит �тот коммит, и�пользуйте команду:\n\n    git reset\n\nПо�ле �того «git cherry-pick --continue» продолжит копирование о�тавших�� коммитов.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:318
+msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
+msgstr "�бой ра�паковки объекта дерева HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:359
+msgid "unable to create temporary index"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать временный индек�"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:365
+msgid "interactive add failed"
+msgstr "�бой интерактивного добавлени�"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:378
+msgid "unable to update temporary index"
+msgstr "не удало�ь обновить временный индек�"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:380
+msgid "Failed to update main cache tree"
+msgstr "Сбой при обновлении о�новного к�ша дерева"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:405 builtin/commit.c:429 builtin/commit.c:478
+msgid "unable to write new_index file"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запи�ать файл new_index"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:461
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
+msgstr "нельз� �оздать ча�тичный коммит во врем� �ли�ни�."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:463
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr "нельз� �оздать ча�тичный коммит во врем� копировани� коммита."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:471
+msgid "cannot read the index"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать индек�"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:490
+msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запи�ать временный файл индек�а"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:587
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit '%s' lacks author header"
+msgstr "у коммита «%s» от�ут�твует автор в заголовке"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:589
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit '%s' has malformed author line"
+msgstr "у коммита «%s» �трока автора в неправильном формате"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:608
+msgid "malformed --author parameter"
+msgstr "параметр --author в неправильном формате"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:660
+msgid ""
+"unable to select a comment character that is not used\n"
+"in the current commit message"
+msgstr "нельз� выбрать �имвол комментари�, который\nне и�пользует�� в текущем �ообщении коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:697 builtin/commit.c:730 builtin/commit.c:1114
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запро�ить коммит %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:709 builtin/shortlog.c:309
+#, c-format
+msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
+msgstr "(чтение файла журнала из �тандартного ввода)\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:711
+msgid "could not read log from standard input"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать файл журнала из �тандартного ввода"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:715
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать файл журнала «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:742 builtin/commit.c:750
+msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:747
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать MERGE_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:801
+msgid "could not write commit template"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запи�ать шаблон опи�ани� коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:819
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a merge.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr "\nПохоже, что вы пытаете�ь закоммитить �ли�ние.\nЕ�ли �то ошибка, пожалуй�та удалите файл\n\t%s\nи попробуйте �нова.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:824
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a cherry-pick.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr "\nПохоже, что вы пытаете�ь закоммитить при копировании коммита.\nЕ�ли �то не так, то удалите файл\n\t%s\nи попробуйте �нова.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:837
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr "Пожалуй�та, введите �ообщение коммита дл� ваших изменений. Строки,\nначинающие�� � «%c» будут проигнорированы, а пу�тое �ообщение\nотмен�ет проце�� коммита.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:844
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr "Пожалуй�та, введите �ообщение коммита дл� ваших изменений. Строки,\nначинающие�� � «%c» будут о�тавлены; вы можете удалить их вручную,\nе�ли хотите. Пу�тое �ообщение отмен�ет проце�� коммита.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:861
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sAuthor:    %.*s <%.*s>"
+msgstr "%s�втор:     %.*s <%.*s>"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:869
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sDate:      %s"
+msgstr "%sДата:      %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:876
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sCommitter: %.*s <%.*s>"
+msgstr "%sКоммитер:  %.*s <%.*s>"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:893
+msgid "Cannot read index"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь прочитать индек�"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:959
+msgid "Error building trees"
+msgstr "Ошибка при по�троении деревьев"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:973 builtin/tag.c:252
+#, c-format
+msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
+msgstr "Пожалуй�та, укажите �ообщение, при указании опций -m или -F.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1076
+#, c-format
+msgid "--author '%s' is not 'Name <email>' and matches no existing author"
+msgstr "--author «%s» не в формате «Им� <почта>» и не �овпадает � �уще�твующим автором"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1090
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid ignored mode '%s'"
+msgstr "�едопу�тимый режим показа игнорируемых файлов «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1104 builtin/commit.c:1349
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
+msgstr "�еправильный режим неот�леживаемых файлов «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1142
+msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
+msgstr "--long и -z нельз� и�пользовать одновременно"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1172
+msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
+msgstr "Указание одновременно опций --reset-author и --author не имеет �мы�ла"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1181
+msgid "You have nothing to amend."
+msgstr "�ечего и�правл�ть."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1184
+msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
+msgstr "Вы в проце��е �ли�ни� —  �ейча� нельз� и�правл�ть."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1186
+msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
+msgstr "Вы в проце��е копировани� коммита —  �ейча� нельз� и�правл�ть."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1189
+msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
+msgstr "Опции --squash и --fixup не могут и�пользовать�� одновременно"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1199
+msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
+msgstr "Может и�пользовать�� только одна из опций -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1201
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+msgstr "Опци� -m не может и�пользовать�� � -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1209
+msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
+msgstr "--reset-author может и�пользовать�� только одновременно � опци�ми -C, -c или --amend."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1226
+msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
+msgstr "Может и�пользовать�� только одна из опций --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1228
+msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
+msgstr "Указание путей каталогов � опци�ми --include/--only не имеет �мы�ла."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1240 builtin/tag.c:535
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
+msgstr "�еправильное значение режима очи�тки %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1245
+msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
+msgstr "С опцией -a указание пути не имеет �мы�ла."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1363 builtin/commit.c:1648
+msgid "show status concisely"
+msgstr "кратко показать �тату�"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1365 builtin/commit.c:1650
+msgid "show branch information"
+msgstr "показать информацию о вер�ии"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1367
+msgid "show stash information"
+msgstr "показать информацию о �пр�танном"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1369
+msgid "version"
+msgstr "вер�и�"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1369 builtin/commit.c:1652 builtin/push.c:542
+#: builtin/worktree.c:523
+msgid "machine-readable output"
+msgstr "машиночитаемый вывод"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1372 builtin/commit.c:1654
+msgid "show status in long format (default)"
+msgstr "показать �тату� в длинном формате (по умолчанию)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1375 builtin/commit.c:1657
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
+msgstr "завершать запи�и �УЛЕВЫМ байтом"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1377 builtin/commit.c:1381 builtin/commit.c:1660
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:999 builtin/fast-export.c:1002 builtin/tag.c:390
+msgid "mode"
+msgstr "режим"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1378 builtin/commit.c:1660
+msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
+msgstr "показать неот�леживаемые файлы, опциональные режимы: all (в�е), normal (как обычно), no (нет). (По умолчанию: all)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1382
+msgid ""
+"show ignored files, optional modes: traditional, matching, no. (Default: "
+"traditional)"
+msgstr "показывать игнорируемые файлы, � опциональным режимом: traditional (традиционный), matching (только �овпадающие), no (не показывать). (По умолчанию: traditional)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1384 parse-options.h:155
+msgid "when"
+msgstr "когда"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1385
+msgid ""
+"ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
+"(Default: all)"
+msgstr "игнорировать изменени� в подмодул�х, опционально когда: all (в�егда), dirty (измененные), untracked (неот�леживаемые). (По умолчанию: all)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1387
+msgid "list untracked files in columns"
+msgstr "показать неот�леживаемые файлы по �толбцам"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1406
+msgid "Unsupported combination of ignored and untracked-files arguments"
+msgstr "�еподдерживаема� комбинаци� аргументов отображени� игнорируемых и неот�леживаемых файлов"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1469
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr "нельз� запро�ить ново�озданный коммит"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1471
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr "нельз� разобрать ново�озданный коммит"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1516
+msgid "unable to resolve HEAD after creating commit"
+msgstr "не удало�ь найти HEAD по�ле �оздани� коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1518
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr "отделённый HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1521
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr " (корневой коммит)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1618
+msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
+msgstr "не выводить �водку по�ле у�пешного коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1619
+msgid "show diff in commit message template"
+msgstr "добавить �пи�ок изменений в шаблон �ообщени� коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1621
+msgid "Commit message options"
+msgstr "Опции �ообщени� коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1622 builtin/tag.c:388
+msgid "read message from file"
+msgstr "прочитать �ообщение из файла"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1623
+msgid "author"
+msgstr "автор"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1623
+msgid "override author for commit"
+msgstr "подменить автора коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1624 builtin/gc.c:359
+msgid "date"
+msgstr "дата"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1624
+msgid "override date for commit"
+msgstr "подменить дату коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1625 builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/notes.c:402
+#: builtin/notes.c:565 builtin/tag.c:386
+msgid "message"
+msgstr "�ообщение"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1625
+msgid "commit message"
+msgstr "�ообщение коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1626 builtin/commit.c:1627 builtin/commit.c:1628
+#: builtin/commit.c:1629 parse-options.h:257 ref-filter.h:92
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "коммит"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1626
+msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
+msgstr "и�пользовать и отредактировать �ообщение от указанного коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1627
+msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
+msgstr "и�пользовать �ообщение указанного коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1628
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
+msgstr "и�пользовать форматированное �ообщение автоуплотнени� дл� и�правлени� указанного коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1629
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
+msgstr "и�пользовать форматированное �ообщение автоуплотнени� дл� уплотнени� указанного коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1630
+msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
+msgstr "коммит теперь за моим автор�твом (и�пользует�� � -C/-c/--amend)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1631 builtin/log.c:1443 builtin/merge.c:239
+#: builtin/pull.c:149 builtin/revert.c:105
+msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
+msgstr "добавить Signed-off-by:"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1632
+msgid "use specified template file"
+msgstr "и�пользовать указанный файл шаблона"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1633
+msgid "force edit of commit"
+msgstr "принудительно редактировать коммит"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1634
+msgid "default"
+msgstr "по-умолчанию"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1634 builtin/tag.c:391
+msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
+msgstr "как удал�ть пробелы и #комментарии из �ообщени� коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1635
+msgid "include status in commit message template"
+msgstr "включить �тату� файлов в шаблон �ообщени� коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1637 builtin/merge.c:237 builtin/pull.c:179
+#: builtin/revert.c:113
+msgid "GPG sign commit"
+msgstr "подпи�ать коммит � помощью GPG"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1640
+msgid "Commit contents options"
+msgstr "Опции �одержимого коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1641
+msgid "commit all changed files"
+msgstr "закоммитить в�е измененные файлы"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1642
+msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
+msgstr "добавить указанные файлы в индек� дл� коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1643
+msgid "interactively add files"
+msgstr "интерактивное добавление файлов"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1644
+msgid "interactively add changes"
+msgstr "интерактивное добавление изменений"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1645
+msgid "commit only specified files"
+msgstr "закоммитить только указанные файлы"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1646
+msgid "bypass pre-commit and commit-msg hooks"
+msgstr "пропу�тить перехватчик pre-commit и commit-msg"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1647
+msgid "show what would be committed"
+msgstr "показать, что будет закоммичено"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1658
+msgid "amend previous commit"
+msgstr "и�править предыдущий коммит"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1659
+msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
+msgstr "пропу�тить перехватчик post-rewrite"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1664
+msgid "ok to record an empty change"
+msgstr "разрешить запи�ь пу�того коммита"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1666
+msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
+msgstr "разрешить запи�ь изменений � пу�тым �ообщением"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1696
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать HEAD коммит"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1741
+#, c-format
+msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
+msgstr "Файл MERGE_HEAD поврежден (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1748
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать MERGE_MODE"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1767
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть �ообщение коммита: %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1778
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
+msgstr "Отмена коммита из-за пу�того �ообщени� коммита.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1783
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
+msgstr "Отмена коммита; вы не изменили �ообщение.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1831
+msgid ""
+"Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+"new_index file. Check that disk is not full and quota is\n"
+"not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
+msgstr "Репозиторий был обновлен, но не удало�ь запи�ать файл new_index. Удо�товерьте�ь, что на ди�ке е�ть �вободное ме�то и квота не и�черпана, а по�ле �того запу�тите «git reset HEAD» дл� во��тановлени�."
+
+#: builtin/config.c:10
+msgid "git config [<options>]"
+msgstr "git config [<опции>]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:58
+msgid "Config file location"
+msgstr "Размещение файла конфигурации"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:59
+msgid "use global config file"
+msgstr "и�пользовать глобальный файл конфигурации"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:60
+msgid "use system config file"
+msgstr "и�пользовать �и�темный файл конфигурации"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:61
+msgid "use repository config file"
+msgstr "и�пользовать файл конфигурации репозитори�"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:62
+msgid "use given config file"
+msgstr "и�пользовать указанный файл конфигурации"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:63
+msgid "blob-id"
+msgstr "идент-двоичн-объекта"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:63
+msgid "read config from given blob object"
+msgstr "прочитать на�тройки из указанного двоичного объекта"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:64
+msgid "Action"
+msgstr "Дей�твие"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:65
+msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "получить значение: им� [шаблон-значений]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:66
+msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
+msgstr "получить в�е значени�: ключ [шаблон-значений]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:67
+msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
+msgstr "получить значени� по шаблону: шаблон-имен [шаблон-значений]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:68
+msgid "get value specific for the URL: section[.var] URL"
+msgstr "получить значение, �пецифичное дл� URL: раздел[.переменна�] URL"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:69
+msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
+msgstr "заменить в�е �оответ�твующие переменные: им� значение [шаблон-значений]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:70
+msgid "add a new variable: name value"
+msgstr "добавить новую переменную: им� значение"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:71
+msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "удалить переменную: им� [шаблон-значений]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:72
+msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "удалить в�е �овпадающие: им� [шаблон-значений]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:73
+msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
+msgstr "переименовать раздел: �тарое-им� новое-им�"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:74
+msgid "remove a section: name"
+msgstr "удалить раздел: им�"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:75
+msgid "list all"
+msgstr "показать ве�ь �пи�ок"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:76
+msgid "open an editor"
+msgstr "открыть в редакторе"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:77
+msgid "find the color configured: slot [default]"
+msgstr "найти на�троенный цвет: раздел [по-умолчанию]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:78
+msgid "find the color setting: slot [stdout-is-tty]"
+msgstr "проверить, �уще�твует ли на�троенный цвет: раздел [stdout-е�ть-tty]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:79
+msgid "Type"
+msgstr "Тип"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:80
+msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
+msgstr "значение — �то «true» (правда) или «false» (ложь)"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:81
+msgid "value is decimal number"
+msgstr "значение — �то де��тичное чи�ло"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:82
+msgid "value is --bool or --int"
+msgstr "значение — �то --bool или --int"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:83
+msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
+msgstr "значение — �то путь (к файлу или каталогу)"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:84
+msgid "value is an expiry date"
+msgstr "значение - �то дата окончани� �рока дей�тви�"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:85
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Другое"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:86
+msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
+msgstr "завершать значени� �УЛЕВЫМ байтом"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:87
+msgid "show variable names only"
+msgstr "показывать только имена переменных"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:88
+msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
+msgstr "учитывать директивы include (включени� файлов) при запро�е"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:89
+msgid "show origin of config (file, standard input, blob, command line)"
+msgstr "показать и�точник на�тройки (файл, �тандартный ввод, двоичный объект, командна� �трока)"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:335
+msgid "unable to parse default color value"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать значение цвета по умолчанию"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:479
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"# This is Git's per-user configuration file.\n"
+"[user]\n"
+"# Please adapt and uncomment the following lines:\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
+"#\temail = %s\n"
+msgstr "# Это файл конфигурации пользовател� Git.\n[user]\n# Пожалуй�та, адаптируйте и ра�комментируйте �ледующие �троки:\n#\tuser = %s\n#\temail = %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:507
+msgid "--local can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr "--local можно и�пользовать только внутри git репозитори�"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot create configuration file %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать файл конфигурации %s"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:645
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"cannot overwrite multiple values with a single value\n"
+"       Use a regexp, --add or --replace-all to change %s."
+msgstr "нельз� перезапи�ать не�колько значений одним\n       И�пользуйте регул�рные выражени�, параметры --add или --replace-all, чтобы изменить %s."
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:88
+msgid "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
+msgstr "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:98
+msgid "print sizes in human readable format"
+msgstr "вывод размеров в удобочитаемом дл� человека виде"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:22
+msgid "git describe [<options>] [<commit-ish>...]"
+msgstr "git describe [<опции>] [<указатель-коммита>…]"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:23
+msgid "git describe [<options>] --dirty"
+msgstr "git describe [<опции>] --dirty"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "head"
+msgstr "указатель на ветку"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "lightweight"
+msgstr "легкове�ный"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "annotated"
+msgstr "аннотированный"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
+msgstr "аннотированна� метка %s не до�тупна"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:271
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
+msgstr "аннотированна� метка %s не �одержит в�троенного названи�"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
+msgstr "метка «%s» уже зде�ь «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:314
+#, c-format
+msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
+msgstr "нет меток, точно �оответ�твующих «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:316
+#, c-format
+msgid "No exact match on refs or tags, searching to describe\n"
+msgstr "�ет точных �овпадений по ��ылкам или тегам, ищу опи�ани�\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:363
+#, c-format
+msgid "finished search at %s\n"
+msgstr "пои�к окончен на %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:389
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
+msgstr "�ет аннотированных меток, которые могут опи�ать «%s».\n�о имеют�� неаннотированные метки: попробуйте добавить параметр --tags."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:393
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"Try --always, or create some tags."
+msgstr "�ет меток, которые могут опи�ать «%s….\nПопробуйте добавить параметр --always или �оздать какие-нибудь метки."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:423
+#, c-format
+msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
+msgstr "по�ещено %lu коммитов\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:426
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
+"gave up search at %s\n"
+msgstr "более %i меток найдено; показано по�ледние %i\nо�тановлен пои�к по�ле %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:494
+#, c-format
+msgid "describe %s\n"
+msgstr "опи�ать %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:497 builtin/log.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr "�едопу�тимое им� объекта %s"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:505
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is neither a commit nor blob"
+msgstr "%s не �вл�ет�� коммитом или двоичным объектом"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:519
+msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
+msgstr "пои�к метки, котора� идет по�ле коммита"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:520
+msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
+msgstr "вывод отладочной информации �тратегии пои�ка на �тандартный вывод"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:521
+msgid "use any ref"
+msgstr "и�пользовать любую ��ылку"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:522
+msgid "use any tag, even unannotated"
+msgstr "и�пользовать любую метку, даже неаннотированную"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:523
+msgid "always use long format"
+msgstr "в�егда и�пользовать длинный формат вывода"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:524
+msgid "only follow first parent"
+msgstr "�ледовать только за первым родителем"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:527
+msgid "only output exact matches"
+msgstr "выводить только точные �овпадени�"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:529
+msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
+msgstr "ра��матривать по�ледние <n> меток (по умолчанию: 10)"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:531
+msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "ра��матривать только метки по <шаблону>"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:533
+msgid "do not consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "не учитывать метки, которые �оответ�твуют <шаблону>"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:535 builtin/name-rev.c:406
+msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
+msgstr "е�ли не найдено, показать �окращенный номер редакции коммита"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:536 builtin/describe.c:539
+msgid "mark"
+msgstr "пометка"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:537
+msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
+msgstr "добавить <пометку> при измененном рабочем каталоге (по умолчанию: «-dirty»)"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:540
+msgid "append <mark> on broken working tree (default: \"-broken\")"
+msgstr "добавить <пометку> на повреждённое рабочее дерево (по умолчанию: «-broken»)"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:558
+msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
+msgstr "--long не�овме�тимо � --abbrev=0"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:587
+msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
+msgstr "Имена не найдены, не могу ничего опи�ать."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:637
+msgid "--dirty is incompatible with commit-ishes"
+msgstr "--dirty не�овме�тимо � указанием указателей коммитов"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:639
+msgid "--broken is incompatible with commit-ishes"
+msgstr "--broken не�овме�тимо � указанием указателей коммитов"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
+msgstr "«%s»: не �вл�ет�� обычным файлом или �имвольной ��ылкой"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid option: %s"
+msgstr "неправильный параметр: %s"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:356
+msgid "Not a git repository"
+msgstr "�е найден git репозитоий"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:399
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
+msgstr "передан неправильный объект «%s»."
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:408
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
+msgstr "передано больше двух двоичных объектов: «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:413
+#, c-format
+msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
+msgstr "передан необработанный объект «%s»."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:29
+msgid "git difftool [<options>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git difftool [<опции>] [<коммит> [<коммит>]] [--] [<путь>…]"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:259
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed: %d"
+msgstr "�бой: %d"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать �имвольную ��ылку %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink file %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать файл �имвольной ��ылки %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:311
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read object %s for symlink %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать объект %s дл� �имвольной ��ылки %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:412
+msgid ""
+"combined diff formats('-c' and '--cc') are not supported in\n"
+"directory diff mode('-d' and '--dir-diff')."
+msgstr "комбинированные форматы различий файлов(«-c» и «--cc») не поддерживают�� в режиме �равнени� каталогов(«-d» и «--dir-diff»)."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "both files modified: '%s' and '%s'."
+msgstr "оба файла изменены: «%s» и «%s»."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:634
+msgid "working tree file has been left."
+msgstr "рабочий каталог был покинут."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:645
+#, c-format
+msgid "temporary files exist in '%s'."
+msgstr "временные файлы уже наход�т�� в «%s»."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:646
+msgid "you may want to cleanup or recover these."
+msgstr "возможно вы хотите их удалить или во��тановить."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:695
+msgid "use `diff.guitool` instead of `diff.tool`"
+msgstr "и�пользовать «diff.guitool» вме�то «diff.tool»"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:697
+msgid "perform a full-directory diff"
+msgstr "выполнить пофайловое �равнение в�его каталога"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:699
+msgid "do not prompt before launching a diff tool"
+msgstr "не �прашивать перед запу�ком утилиты �равнени�"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:705
+msgid "use symlinks in dir-diff mode"
+msgstr "и�пользовать �имвольные ��ылки в режиме �равнени� каталога"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:706
+msgid "<tool>"
+msgstr "<утилита>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:707
+msgid "use the specified diff tool"
+msgstr "и�пользовать указанную утилиту �равнени�"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:709
+msgid "print a list of diff tools that may be used with `--tool`"
+msgstr "выве�ти �пи�ок утилит, которые можно и�пользовать � параметром «--tool»"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:712
+msgid ""
+"make 'git-difftool' exit when an invoked diff tool returns a non - zero exit"
+" code"
+msgstr "выходить из «git-difftool», е�ли вызванна� утилита �равнени� вернула не нулевой код возврата"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:714
+msgid "<command>"
+msgstr "<команда>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:715
+msgid "specify a custom command for viewing diffs"
+msgstr "и�пользовать о�обую команду дл� про�мотра различий"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:739
+msgid "no <tool> given for --tool=<tool>"
+msgstr "не передана <утилита> дл� --tool=<утилита>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:746
+msgid "no <cmd> given for --extcmd=<cmd>"
+msgstr "не передана <команда> дл� --extcmd=<команда>"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:26
+msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
+msgstr "git fast-export [опции-rev-list]"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:998
+msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
+msgstr "показать прогре�� по�ле <n> объектов"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1000
+msgid "select handling of signed tags"
+msgstr "выбор обработки подпи�анных меток"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1003
+msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
+msgstr "выбор обработки меток, которыми помечены отфильтрованные объекты"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1006
+msgid "Dump marks to this file"
+msgstr "Запи�ать пометки в �тот файл"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1008
+msgid "Import marks from this file"
+msgstr "Импортировать пометки из �того файла"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1010
+msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
+msgstr "Подделать автора метки, е�ли у метки он от�ут�твует"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1012
+msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
+msgstr "Выве�ти полное дерево дл� каждого коммита"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1014
+msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
+msgstr "И�пользовать пометку завершени� в конце потока"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1015
+msgid "Skip output of blob data"
+msgstr "Пропу�тить вывод данных двоичных объектов"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1016
+msgid "refspec"
+msgstr "�пецификатор ��ылки"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1017
+msgid "Apply refspec to exported refs"
+msgstr "Применить �пецификатор ��ылки к �к�портируемым ��ылкам"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1018
+msgid "anonymize output"
+msgstr "�делать вывод анонимным"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:24
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git fetch [<опции>] [<репозиторий> [<�пецификатор-��ылки>…]]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:25
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
+msgstr "git fetch [<опции>] <группа>"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:26
+msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
+msgstr "git fetch --multiple [<опции>] [(<репозиторий> | <группа>)…]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:27
+msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
+msgstr "git fetch --all [<опции>]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:113 builtin/pull.c:188
+msgid "fetch from all remotes"
+msgstr "извлечь �о в�ех внешних репозиториев"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:115 builtin/pull.c:191
+msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
+msgstr "допи�ать к .git/FETCH_HEAD вме�то перезапи�и"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:117 builtin/pull.c:194
+msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
+msgstr "путь к программе упаковки пакета на машине � внешним репозиторием"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:118 builtin/pull.c:196
+msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
+msgstr "принудительна� перезапи�ь локальной ветки"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:120
+msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
+msgstr "извлечь � не�кольких внешних репозиториев"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:122 builtin/pull.c:198
+msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
+msgstr "извлечь в�е метки и �в�занные объекты"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:124
+msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
+msgstr "не извлекать в�е метки (--no-tags)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:126
+msgid "number of submodules fetched in parallel"
+msgstr "количе�тво подмодулей, которые будут �качаны парралельно"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:128 builtin/pull.c:201
+msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
+msgstr "почи�тить от�леживаемые внешние ветки, которых уже нет на внешнем репозитории"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:129 builtin/fetch.c:152 builtin/pull.c:126
+msgid "on-demand"
+msgstr "по требованию"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:130
+msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr "управление рекур�ивным извлечением подмодулей"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:134 builtin/pull.c:209
+msgid "keep downloaded pack"
+msgstr "о�тавить загруженный пакет данных"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:136
+msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
+msgstr "разрешить обновление ��ылки HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:139 builtin/fetch.c:145 builtin/pull.c:212
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
+msgstr "улугубить и�торию ча�тичного клона"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:141
+msgid "deepen history of shallow repository based on time"
+msgstr "углубить и�торию ча�тичного клона о�новыва��ь на времени"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:147 builtin/pull.c:215
+msgid "convert to a complete repository"
+msgstr "преобразовать в полный репозиторий"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:149 builtin/log.c:1463
+msgid "dir"
+msgstr "каталог"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:150
+msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
+msgstr "при�оедин�ть �то �переди к выводу путей подмодул�"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:153
+msgid ""
+"default for recursive fetching of submodules (lower priority than config "
+"files)"
+msgstr "на�троить по умолчанию рекур�ивное извлечение подмодулей (более низкий приоритет, чем файлы конфигурации)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:157 builtin/pull.c:218
+msgid "accept refs that update .git/shallow"
+msgstr "принимать ��ылки, которые обновл�ют .git/shallow"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:158 builtin/pull.c:220
+msgid "refmap"
+msgstr "�оответ�твие-��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:159 builtin/pull.c:221
+msgid "specify fetch refmap"
+msgstr "указать �оответ�твие ��ылок при извлечении"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:417
+msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь найти ��ылку HEAD на внешнем репозитории"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:535
+#, c-format
+msgid "configuration fetch.output contains invalid value %s"
+msgstr "опци� fetch.output �одержит неправильное значение дл� %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:628
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s not found"
+msgstr "объект %s не найден"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:632
+msgid "[up to date]"
+msgstr "[актуально]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:645 builtin/fetch.c:725
+msgid "[rejected]"
+msgstr "[отклонено]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:646
+msgid "can't fetch in current branch"
+msgstr "нельз� извлечь текущую ветку"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:655
+msgid "[tag update]"
+msgstr "[обновление метки]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:656 builtin/fetch.c:689 builtin/fetch.c:705
+#: builtin/fetch.c:720
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr "не удало�ь обновить локальную ��ылку"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:675
+msgid "[new tag]"
+msgstr "[нова� метка]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:678
+msgid "[new branch]"
+msgstr "[нова� ветка]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:681
+msgid "[new ref]"
+msgstr "[нова� ��ылка]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:720
+msgid "forced update"
+msgstr "принудительное обновление"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:725
+msgid "non-fast-forward"
+msgstr "без перемотки вперед"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:770
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
+msgstr "%s не отправил в�е необходимые объекты\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:790
+#, c-format
+msgid "reject %s because shallow roots are not allowed to be updated"
+msgstr "%s отклонено из-за того, что ча�тичные корни не разрешено обновл�ть"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:878 builtin/fetch.c:974
+#, c-format
+msgid "From %.*s\n"
+msgstr "Из %.*s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:889
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
+" 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting branches"
+msgstr "не удало�ь обновить некоторые локальные ��ылки; попробуйте запу�тить «git remote prune %s», чтобы почи�тить �тарые, конфликтующие ветки"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:944
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
+msgstr "   (%s будет ви��щей веткой)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:945
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
+msgstr "   (%s �тала ви��щей веткой)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:977
+msgid "[deleted]"
+msgstr "[удалено]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:978 builtin/remote.c:1024
+msgid "(none)"
+msgstr "(нет)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
+msgstr "Отказ получени� в текущую ветку %s не голого репозитори�"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1020
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
+msgstr "�еправильное значение «%2$s» дл� параметра «%1$s» дл� %3$s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1023
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
+msgstr "Параметр «%s» игнорирует�� дл� %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1256
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fetching %s\n"
+msgstr "Извлечение из %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1258 builtin/remote.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not fetch %s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь извлечь %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1276
+msgid ""
+"No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
+"remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
+msgstr "�е указан внешний репозиторий. Укажите URL или им� внешнего репозитори� из которого должны извлекать�� новые редакции."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1299
+msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
+msgstr "Вам нужно указать им� метки."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1342
+msgid "Negative depth in --deepen is not supported"
+msgstr "Отрицательна� грубина дл� --deepen не поддерживает��"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1344
+msgid "--deepen and --depth are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "--deepen и --depth нельз� и�пользовать одновременно"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1349
+msgid "--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"
+msgstr "нельз� и�пользовать одновременно --depth и --unshallow"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1351
+msgid "--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"
+msgstr "--unshallow не имеет �мы�ла на полном репозитории"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1364
+msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
+msgstr "fetch --all не принимает им� репозитори� как аргумент"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1366
+msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
+msgstr "fetch --all не имеет �мы�ла при указании �пецификаторов ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1377
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
+msgstr "�ет такого внешнего репозитори� или группы: %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1385
+msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
+msgstr "Получение группы и указание �пецификаций ��ылок не имеет �мы�ла"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <file>]"
+msgstr "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <�ообщение>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <файл>]"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
+msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
+msgstr "отправить в журнал <n> запи�ей из короткого журнала"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
+msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
+msgstr "�окращение дл� --log (у�таревшее)"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:672
+msgid "text"
+msgstr "тек�т"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:673
+msgid "use <text> as start of message"
+msgstr "и�пользовать <тек�т> как начальное �ообщение"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:674
+msgid "file to read from"
+msgstr "файл дл� чтени�"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:10
+msgid "git for-each-ref [<options>] [<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [<опции>] [<шаблон>]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:11
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--points-at <object>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--points-at <объект>]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:12
+msgid "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<коммит>]]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:13
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--contains [<commit>]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--contains [<коммит>]] [--no-contains [<коммит>]]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:28
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
+msgstr "выводить указатели ме�та заполнени� в подход�щем формате дл� командного проце��ора"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:30
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
+msgstr "выводить указатели ме�та заполнени� в подход�щем формате дл� perl"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:32
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
+msgstr "выводить указатели ме�та заполнени� в подход�щем формате дл� python"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:34
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for Tcl"
+msgstr "выводить указатели ме�та заполнени� в подход�щем формате дл� Tcl"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:37
+msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
+msgstr "показать только <n> �овпадающих ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:39 builtin/tag.c:414
+msgid "respect format colors"
+msgstr "и�пользовать цвета из формата"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:43
+msgid "print only refs which points at the given object"
+msgstr "вывод только ��ылок, которые указывают на переданный объект"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:45
+msgid "print only refs that are merged"
+msgstr "вывод только �литых ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:46
+msgid "print only refs that are not merged"
+msgstr "вывод только не �литых ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:47
+msgid "print only refs which contain the commit"
+msgstr "вывод только ��ылок, которые �одержат коммит"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:48
+msgid "print only refs which don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "вывод только ��ылок, которые не �одержат коммит"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:543
+msgid "Checking object directories"
+msgstr "Проверка каталогов объектов"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:635
+msgid "git fsck [<options>] [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git fsck [<опции>] [<объект>…]"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:641
+msgid "show unreachable objects"
+msgstr "показать недо�тупные объекты"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:642
+msgid "show dangling objects"
+msgstr "показать объекты, на которые нет ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:643
+msgid "report tags"
+msgstr "выве�ти отчет по меткам"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:644
+msgid "report root nodes"
+msgstr "выве�ти отчет по корневым узлам"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:645
+msgid "make index objects head nodes"
+msgstr "во�принимать объекты в индек�е как корневые узлы"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:646
+msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
+msgstr "�оздать корневые узлы журналов ��ылок (по умолчанию)"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:647
+msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
+msgstr "также провер�ть пакеты и альтернативные объекты"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:648
+msgid "check only connectivity"
+msgstr "только проверить �оединение"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:649
+msgid "enable more strict checking"
+msgstr "и�пользовать более �трогую проверку"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:651
+msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
+msgstr "запи�ать объекты на которые нет ��ылок в .git/lost-found"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:652 builtin/prune.c:107
+msgid "show progress"
+msgstr "показать прогре�� выполнени�"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:653
+msgid "show verbose names for reachable objects"
+msgstr "показать подробные имена дл� недо�тупных объектов"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:714
+msgid "Checking objects"
+msgstr "Проверка объектов"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:27
+msgid "git gc [<options>]"
+msgstr "git gc [<опции>]"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:80
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fstat %s: %s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь выполнить fstat %s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:312
+#, c-format
+msgid "Can't stat %s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь выполнить stat дл� %s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:321
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The last gc run reported the following. Please correct the root cause\n"
+"and remove %s.\n"
+"Automatic cleanup will not be performed until the file is removed.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr "По�ледний запу�к gc �ообщил �ледующее. Пожалуй�та, и�правьте ошибку и удалите %s.\n�втоматиче�ка� очи�тка репозитори� не будет производить��, пока �тот файл не удалён.\n\n%s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:360
+msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
+msgstr "почи�тить объекты, на которые нет ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:362
+msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
+msgstr "провер�ть более внимательно (занимает больше времени)"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:363
+msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
+msgstr "включить режим auto-gc"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:364
+msgid "force running gc even if there may be another gc running"
+msgstr "принудительно запу�тить gc, даже е�ть друга� копи� gc уже запущена"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:381
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to parse gc.logexpiry value %s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь разобрать значение %s дл� gc.logexpiry"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:409
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto packing the repository in background for optimum performance.\n"
+msgstr "�втоматиче�ка� упаковка репозитори� в фоне, дл� оптимальной производительно�ти.\n"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:411
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
+msgstr "�втоматиче�ка� упаковка репозитори�, дл� оптимальной производительно�ти.\n"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:412
+#, c-format
+msgid "See \"git help gc\" for manual housekeeping.\n"
+msgstr "Смотрите «git help gc» руковод�тва по ручной очи�тке.\n"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:437
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"gc is already running on machine '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> (use --force if not)"
+msgstr "gc уже запущен на �том компьютере «%s» pid %<PRIuMAX> (е�ли нет, и�пользуйте --force)"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:481
+msgid ""
+"There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove "
+"them."
+msgstr "Имеет�� �лишком много объектов, на которые нет ��ылок; запу�тите «git prune» дл� их удалени�."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:27
+msgid "git grep [<options>] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git grep [<опции>] [-e] <шаблон> [<редакци�>…] [[--] <путь>…]"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:226
+#, c-format
+msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
+msgstr "grep: �бой �оздани� потока: %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d) for %s"
+msgstr "указано недопу�тимое количе�тво потоков (%d) дл� %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s is the configuration
+#. variable for tweaking threads, currently
+#. grep.threads
+#: builtin/grep.c:293 builtin/index-pack.c:1495 builtin/index-pack.c:1688
+#, c-format
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
+msgstr "нет поддержки потоков, игнорирование %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:453 builtin/grep.c:573 builtin/grep.c:615
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать дерево (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:630
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить grep из объекта типа %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:696
+#, c-format
+msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
+msgstr "параметр «%c» ожидает чи�ловое значение"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:783
+msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
+msgstr "и�кать в индек�е, а не в рабочем каталоге"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:785
+msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
+msgstr "и�кать в �одержимом не управл�емым git"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:787
+msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
+msgstr "и�кать и в от�леживаемых, и в неот�леживаемых файлах"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:789
+msgid "ignore files specified via '.gitignore'"
+msgstr "игнорировать файлы указанные в «.gitignore»"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:791
+msgid "recursively search in each submodule"
+msgstr "рекур�ивный пои�к по в�ем подмодул�м"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:794
+msgid "show non-matching lines"
+msgstr "и�кать в не�овпадающих �троках"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:796
+msgid "case insensitive matching"
+msgstr "без учета реги�тра"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:798
+msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
+msgstr "и�кать �овпадени� шаблона только на границах �лов"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:800
+msgid "process binary files as text"
+msgstr "обработка двоичных файлов как тек�та"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:802
+msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
+msgstr "не и�кать �овпадени� шаблона в двоичных файлах"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:805
+msgid "process binary files with textconv filters"
+msgstr "обрабатывать�� двоичные файлы � помощью фильтров textconv"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:807
+msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
+msgstr "на глубине мак�иму <глубина> уровней"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:811
+msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
+msgstr "и�пользовать ра�ширенные регул�рные выражени� POSIX"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:814
+msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
+msgstr "и�пользовать базовые регул�рные выражени� POSIX (по умолчанию)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:817
+msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
+msgstr "интерпретировать шаблоны как фик�ированные �троки"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:820
+msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
+msgstr "и�пользовать Perl-�овме�тимые регул�рные выражени�"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:823
+msgid "show line numbers"
+msgstr "выве�ти номера �трок"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:824
+msgid "don't show filenames"
+msgstr "не выводить имена файлов"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:825
+msgid "show filenames"
+msgstr "выводить имена файлов"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:827
+msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
+msgstr "выводить имена файлов отно�ительно каталога репозитори�"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:829
+msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
+msgstr "выводить только имена файлов, а не �овпадающие �троки"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:831
+msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
+msgstr "�иноним дл� --files-with-matches"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:834
+msgid "show only the names of files without match"
+msgstr "выводить только не�овпадающие имена файлов"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:836
+msgid "print NUL after filenames"
+msgstr "выводить двоичный �ОЛЬ по�ле �пи�ка имен файлов"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:838
+msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
+msgstr "выводить количе�тво �овпадений, а не �овпадающие �троки"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:839
+msgid "highlight matches"
+msgstr "под�вечивать �овпадени�"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:841
+msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
+msgstr "выводить пу�тую �троку по�ле �овпадений из разных файлов"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:843
+msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
+msgstr "выводить им� файла только раз на не�колько �овпадений в одном файле"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:846
+msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
+msgstr "показать <n> �трок контек�та перед и по�ле �овпадени�"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:849
+msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
+msgstr "показать <n> �трок контек�та перед �овпадением"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:851
+msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
+msgstr "показать <n> �трок контек�та по�ле �овпадени�"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:853
+msgid "use <n> worker threads"
+msgstr "и�пользовать <кол> рабочих потоков"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:854
+msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
+msgstr "тоже, что и -C КОЛИЧЕСТВО"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:857
+msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
+msgstr "показать �троку � именем функции перед �овпадением"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:859
+msgid "show the surrounding function"
+msgstr "показать окружающую функцию"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:862
+msgid "read patterns from file"
+msgstr "прочитать шаблоны из файла"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:864
+msgid "match <pattern>"
+msgstr "пои�к �оответ�твий � <шаблоном>"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:866
+msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
+msgstr "объединить шаблоны указанные � помощью -e"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:878
+msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
+msgstr "ничего не выводить, указать на �овпадение � помощью кода выхода"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:880
+msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
+msgstr "показать только �овпадени� из файлов в которых �овпадают в�е шаблоны"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:882
+msgid "show parse tree for grep expression"
+msgstr "показать дерево разбора дл� выражени� пои�ка"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:886
+msgid "pager"
+msgstr "пейджер"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:886
+msgid "show matching files in the pager"
+msgstr "показать �овпадающие файлы � помощью программы-пейджера"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:889
+msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
+msgstr "разрешить вызов grep(1) (игнорирует�� в �той �борке)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:952
+msgid "no pattern given."
+msgstr "не задан шаблон."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:984
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs"
+msgstr "--no-index или --untracked нельз� и�пользовать одновременно � указанием ревизии"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to resolve revision: %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь определить редакцию: %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1026 builtin/index-pack.c:1491
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
+msgstr "указано неправильное количе�тво потоков (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1031
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring --threads"
+msgstr "нет поддержки потоков, игнорирование --threads"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1055
+msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
+msgstr "--open-files-in-pager работает только в рабочем каталоге"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1078
+msgid "option not supported with --recurse-submodules."
+msgstr "опци� не поддерживает�� одновременно � --recurse-submodules."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1084
+msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
+msgstr "--cached или --untracked нельз� и�пользовать одновременно � --no-index."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1090
+msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
+msgstr "--[no-]exclude-standard не может и�пользовать�� дл� от�леживаемого �одержимого."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1098
+msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
+msgstr "указано одновременно --cached и дерево."
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:82
+msgid ""
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"[--] <file>..."
+msgstr "git hash-object [-t <тип>] [-w] [--path=<файл> | --no-filters] [--stdin] [--] <файл>…"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
+msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
+msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:95
+msgid "type"
+msgstr "тип"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:95
+msgid "object type"
+msgstr "тип объекта"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
+msgid "write the object into the object database"
+msgstr "запи�ь объекта в базу данных объектов"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:98
+msgid "read the object from stdin"
+msgstr "прочитать объект из �тандартного ввода"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:100
+msgid "store file as is without filters"
+msgstr "�охранить файл без и�пользовани� фильтров"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
+msgid ""
+"just hash any random garbage to create corrupt objects for debugging Git"
+msgstr "х�шировать любой му�ор и �оздавать поврежденные объекты дл� отладки Git"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:102
+msgid "process file as it were from this path"
+msgstr "обработать файл так, будто он находит�� по указанному пути"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:43
+msgid "print all available commands"
+msgstr "выве�ти �пи�ок в�ех до�тупных команд"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:44
+msgid "exclude guides"
+msgstr "и�ключить руковод�тва"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:45
+msgid "print list of useful guides"
+msgstr "выве�ти �пи�ок полезных руковод�тв"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:46
+msgid "show man page"
+msgstr "открыть руковод�тво в формате man"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:47
+msgid "show manual in web browser"
+msgstr "открыть руковод�тво в веб-браузере"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:49
+msgid "show info page"
+msgstr "открыть руковод�тво в формате info"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:55
+msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<command>]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<команда>]"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:67
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
+msgstr "неопознанный формат руковод�тва «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:94
+msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
+msgstr "Сбой при запу�ке emacsclient."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:107
+msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
+msgstr "Сбой при определении вер�ии emacsclient."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
+msgstr "вер�и� emacsclient «%d» �лишком �тара� (< 22)."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:133 builtin/help.c:155 builtin/help.c:165 builtin/help.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to exec '%s'"
+msgstr "�бой при запу�ке «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:211
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead."
+msgstr "«%s»: путь дл� неподдерживаемой программы про�мотра man.\nВме�то �того и�пользуйте «man.<программа>.cmd»."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:223
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."
+msgstr "«%s»: команда дл� неподдерживаемой программы про�мотра man.\nВме�то �того и�пользуйте «man.<программа>.path»."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:340
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
+msgstr "«%s»: неизве�тна� программа про�мотра man."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:357
+msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
+msgstr "программа про�мотра man не обработала запро�"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:365
+msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
+msgstr "программа про�мотра info не обработала запро�"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:407
+msgid "Defining attributes per path"
+msgstr "Определение атрибутов дл� путей файлов или каталогов"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:408
+msgid "Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So"
+msgstr "Пов�едневный Git � 20 командами или около того"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:409
+msgid "A Git glossary"
+msgstr "Гло��арий Git"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:410
+msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
+msgstr "Указание �пециально игнорируемых файлов"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:411
+msgid "Defining submodule properties"
+msgstr "Определение �вой�тв подмодулей"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:412
+msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
+msgstr "Указание редакций и диапазонов дл� Git"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:413
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)"
+msgstr "Учебное введение в Git (дл� вер�ии 1.5.1 или новее)"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:414
+msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
+msgstr "Обзор рекомендуемых по�ледовательно�тей выполн�емых дей�твий � Git"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:426
+msgid "The common Git guides are:\n"
+msgstr "О�новные руковод�тва Git:\n"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is aliased to '%s'"
+msgstr "«%s» — �то �окращение дл� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:466 builtin/help.c:483
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s%s"
+msgstr "и�пользование: %s%s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:156
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
+msgstr "не�оответ�твие типа объекта на %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:226
+#, c-format
+msgid "did not receive expected object %s"
+msgstr "ожидаемый объект не получен на %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:229
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s: expected type %s, found %s"
+msgstr "объект %s: ожидаемый тип %s, получен %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:271
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
+msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
+msgstr[0] "не удало�ь заполнить %d байт"
+msgstr[1] "не удало�ь заполнить %d байта"
+msgstr[2] "не удало�ь заполнить %d байтов"
+msgstr[3] "не удало�ь заполнить %d байтов"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:281
+msgid "early EOF"
+msgstr "неожиданный конец файла"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:282
+msgid "read error on input"
+msgstr "ошибка чтени� ввода"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:294
+msgid "used more bytes than were available"
+msgstr "и�пользовано больше байт, чем было до�тупно"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:301
+msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
+msgstr "пакет �лишком большой дл� текущего определени� off_t"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:304 builtin/unpack-objects.c:93
+msgid "pack exceeds maximum allowed size"
+msgstr "размер пакета превышает мак�имальный допу�тимый"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:319
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:325
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть файл пакета «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:339
+msgid "pack signature mismatch"
+msgstr "не�оответ�твие подпи�и пакета"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
+msgstr "вер�и� пакета %<PRIu32> не поддерживает��"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:359
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
+msgstr "пакет �одержит плохой объект по �мещению %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:480
+#, c-format
+msgid "inflate returned %d"
+msgstr "программа �жати� вернула %d"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:529
+msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
+msgstr "переполнение значени� �мещени� у базового объекта дельты"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:537
+msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
+msgstr "�мещение базовой дельты вышло за допу�тимые пределы"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:545
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown object type %d"
+msgstr "неизве�тный тип объекта %d"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:576
+msgid "cannot pread pack file"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить pread дл� файла пакета"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:578
+#, c-format
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] "преждевременное окончание файла пакета, %<PRIuMAX> байт от�ут�твует"
+msgstr[1] "преждевременное окончание файла пакета, %<PRIuMAX> байта от�ут�твует"
+msgstr[2] "преждевременное окончание файла пакета, %<PRIuMAX> байтов от�ут�твует"
+msgstr[3] "преждевременное окончание файла пакета, %<PRIuMAX> байтов от�ут�твует"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:604
+msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
+msgstr "�ерьезное не�оответ�твие при ра�паковке"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:749 builtin/index-pack.c:755 builtin/index-pack.c:778
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:817 builtin/index-pack.c:826
+#, c-format
+msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
+msgstr "��ЙДЕ�� КОЛЛИЗИЯ SHA1 С %s !"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:752 builtin/pack-objects.c:179
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object info %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать информацию �уще�твующего объекта %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:823
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать �уще�твующий объект %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:837
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid blob object %s"
+msgstr "неправильный файл двоичного объекта %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:852
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid %s"
+msgstr "неправильный %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:855
+msgid "Error in object"
+msgstr "Ошибка в объекте"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:857
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
+msgstr "�е в�е дочерние объекты %s до�тижимы"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:929 builtin/index-pack.c:960
+msgid "failed to apply delta"
+msgstr "�бой при применении дельты"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1131
+msgid "Receiving objects"
+msgstr "Получение объектов"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1131
+msgid "Indexing objects"
+msgstr "Индек�ирование объектов"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1165
+msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
+msgstr "пакет поврежден (не�оответ�твие SHA1)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1170
+msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить fstat дл� файла пакета"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1173
+msgid "pack has junk at the end"
+msgstr "файл пакета �одержит му�ор в конце"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1185
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
+msgstr "безумна� путаница в parse_pack_objects()"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1208
+msgid "Resolving deltas"
+msgstr "Определение изменений"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1219
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать поток: %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1261
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
+msgstr "безумна� путаница"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1267
+#, c-format
+msgid "completed with %d local object"
+msgid_plural "completed with %d local objects"
+msgstr[0] "завершено � %d локальным объектом"
+msgstr[1] "завершено � %d локальными объектами"
+msgstr[2] "завершено � %d локальными объектами"
+msgstr[3] "завершено � %d локальными объектами"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1279
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
+msgstr "�еожиданна� контрольна� �умма в конце %s (ди�к поврежден?)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1283
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
+msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
+msgstr[0] "пакет �одержит %d неразрешенную дельту"
+msgstr[1] "пакет �одержит %d неразрешенные дельты"
+msgstr[2] "пакет �одержит %d неразрешенных дельт"
+msgstr[3] "пакет �одержит %d неразрешенных дельт"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1307
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
+msgstr "нельз� �жать при�оединенный объект (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1383
+#, c-format
+msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
+msgstr "локальный объект %s поврежден"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1409
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
+msgstr "ошибка при закрытии файла пакета"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1421
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запи�ать файл удержани� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1429
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь закрыть запи�анный файл удержани� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1439
+msgid "cannot store pack file"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �охранить файл пакета"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1447
+msgid "cannot store index file"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �охранить файл индек�а"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1485
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
+msgstr "плохой pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1553
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь открыть �уще�твующий файл пакета «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1555
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь открыть �уще�твующий файл индек�а дл� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1603
+#, c-format
+msgid "non delta: %d object"
+msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
+msgstr[0] "не дельты: %d объект"
+msgstr[1] "не дельты: %d объекта"
+msgstr[2] "не дельты: %d объектов"
+msgstr[3] "не дельты: %d объектов"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1610
+#, c-format
+msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
+msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
+msgstr[0] "длина цепочки = %d: %lu объект"
+msgstr[1] "длина цепочки = %d: %lu объекта"
+msgstr[2] "длина цепочки = %d: %lu объектов"
+msgstr[3] "длина цепочки = %d: %lu объектов"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1623
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr "им� пакета «%s» не оканчивает�� на «.pack»"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1700 builtin/index-pack.c:1703
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1719 builtin/index-pack.c:1723
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad %s"
+msgstr "плохой %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1739
+msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
+msgstr "--fix-thin нельз� и�пользовать без --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1741
+msgid "--stdin requires a git repository"
+msgstr "опци� --stdin требует наличи� репозитори� git"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1749
+msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
+msgstr "--verify без указани� имени файла пакета"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:55
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить stat дл� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить stat дл� шаблона «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:66
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить opendir дл� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить readlink дл� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:79
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать �имвольную ��ылку «%s» на «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:85
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �копировать файл «%s» в «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:89
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring template %s"
+msgstr "игнорирование шаблона %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:120
+#, c-format
+msgid "templates not found %s"
+msgstr "шаблоны не найдены %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "not copying templates from '%s': %s"
+msgstr "не копирую шаблоны из «%s»: %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr "не удает�� обработать файл типа %d"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:331
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr "не удает�� переме�тить файл %s в %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:348 builtin/init-db.c:351
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s already exists"
+msgstr "%s уже �уще�твует"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:404
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Переинициализирован �уще�твующий общий репозиторий Git в %s%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:405
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Переинициализирован �уще�твующий репозиторий Git в %s%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:409
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Инициализирован пу�той общий репозиторий Git в %s%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:410
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Инициализирован пу�той репозиторий Git в %s%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:458
+msgid ""
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] "
+"[--shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"
+msgstr "git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<каталог-шаблонов>] [--shared[=<права-до�тупа>]] [<каталог>]"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:481
+msgid "permissions"
+msgstr "права-до�тупа"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:482
+msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
+msgstr "укажите, е�ли репозиторий git будет и�пользовать�� не�колькими пользовател�ми"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:516 builtin/init-db.c:521
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить mkdir %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:525
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить chdir в %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:546
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
+"dir=<directory>)"
+msgstr "%s (или --work-tree=<каталог>) нельз� и�пользовать без указани� %s (или --git-dir=<каталог>)"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:574
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь получить до�туп к рабочему каталогу «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"<token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <ключ>[(=|:)<значение>])…] [<файл>…]"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:92
+msgid "edit files in place"
+msgstr "редактировать файлы на ме�те"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:93
+msgid "trim empty trailers"
+msgstr "удал�ть пу�тые завершители"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:96
+msgid "where to place the new trailer"
+msgstr "где поме�тить новый завершитель"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:98
+msgid "action if trailer already exists"
+msgstr "дей�твие, е�ли завершитель уже �уще�твует"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:100
+msgid "action if trailer is missing"
+msgstr "дей�твие, е�ли завершитель не �уще�твует"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:102
+msgid "output only the trailers"
+msgstr "выве�ти только завершители"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:103
+msgid "do not apply config rules"
+msgstr "не примен�ть правила из файла конфигурации"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:104
+msgid "join whitespace-continued values"
+msgstr "объединить значени� разделенные пробелом"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:105
+msgid "set parsing options"
+msgstr "указание опций разбора"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:107
+msgid "trailer"
+msgstr "завершитель"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:108
+msgid "trailer(s) to add"
+msgstr "завершители дл� добавлени�"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:117
+msgid "--trailer with --only-input does not make sense"
+msgstr "--trailer одновременно � --only-input не имеет �мы�ла"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:127
+msgid "no input file given for in-place editing"
+msgstr "ничего не передано, дл� редактировани� файлов на ме�те"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:46
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git log [<опции>] [<диапазон-редакций>] [[--] <путь>…]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:47
+msgid "git show [<options>] <object>..."
+msgstr "git show [<опции>] <объект>…"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:91
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid --decorate option: %s"
+msgstr "неправильный параметр дл� --decorate: %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:151
+msgid "suppress diff output"
+msgstr "не выводить различи�"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:152
+msgid "show source"
+msgstr "показать и�точник"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:153
+msgid "Use mail map file"
+msgstr "И�пользовать файл �оответ�тви� почтовых адре�ов"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:155
+msgid "only decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "декорировать только ��ылки �оответ�твующие <шаблону>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:157
+msgid "do not decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "не декорировать ��ылки �оответ�твующие <шаблону>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:158
+msgid "decorate options"
+msgstr "опции формата вывода ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:161
+msgid "Process line range n,m in file, counting from 1"
+msgstr "Обработать диапазон �трок n,m из файла, начина� � 1"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:257
+#, c-format
+msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
+msgstr "Финальный вывод: %d %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:508
+#, c-format
+msgid "git show %s: bad file"
+msgstr "git show %s: плохой файл"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:523 builtin/log.c:617
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read object %s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь прочитать объект %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:641
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown type: %d"
+msgstr "�еизве�тный тип объекта: %d"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:762
+msgid "format.headers without value"
+msgstr "в format.headers не указано значение"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:863
+msgid "name of output directory is too long"
+msgstr "�лишком длинное им� выходного каталога"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:879
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
+msgstr "�у удало�ь открыть файл изменений %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:896
+msgid "Need exactly one range."
+msgstr "�ужен только один диапазон."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:906
+msgid "Not a range."
+msgstr "�е �вл�ет�� диапазоном."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1012
+msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
+msgstr "Сопроводительное пи�ьмо должно быть в формате �лектронной почты"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1092
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
+msgstr "ошибка в поле in-reply-to: %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1119
+msgid "git format-patch [<options>] [<since> | <revision-range>]"
+msgstr "git format-patch [<опции>] [<начина�-�> | <диапазон-редакций>]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1169
+msgid "Two output directories?"
+msgstr "Два выходных каталога?"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1276 builtin/log.c:1927 builtin/log.c:1929 builtin/log.c:1941
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr "�еизве�тный коммит %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1286 builtin/notes.c:887 builtin/tag.c:516
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь разрешить «%s» как ��ылку."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1291
+msgid "Could not find exact merge base."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь найти точную базу �ли�ни�."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1295
+msgid ""
+"Failed to get upstream, if you want to record base commit automatically,\n"
+"please use git branch --set-upstream-to to track a remote branch.\n"
+"Or you could specify base commit by --base=<base-commit-id> manually."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь получить выше�то�щую ветку. Е�ли вы хотите запи�ать базовый коммит автомитиче�ки, то и�пользуйте git branch --set-upstream-to дл� от�леживани� внешней ветки.\nИли же вы можете указать базовый коммит указанием --base=<идентификатор-базового-коммита> вручную."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1315
+msgid "Failed to find exact merge base"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь найти точную базу �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1326
+msgid "base commit should be the ancestor of revision list"
+msgstr "базовый коммит должен быть предком �пи�ка редакций"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1330
+msgid "base commit shouldn't be in revision list"
+msgstr "базовый коммит не должен быть в �пи�ке редакций"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1379
+msgid "cannot get patch id"
+msgstr "не удало�ь получить идентификатор патча"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1438
+msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
+msgstr "выводить [PATCH n/m] даже когда один патч"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1441
+msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
+msgstr "выводить [PATCH] даже когда не�колько патчей"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1445
+msgid "print patches to standard out"
+msgstr "выводить патчи на �тандартный вывод"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1447
+msgid "generate a cover letter"
+msgstr "�оздать �опроводительное пи�ьмо"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1449
+msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
+msgstr "и�пользовать про�тую по�ледовательно�ть чи�ел дл� имен выходных файлов"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1450
+msgid "sfx"
+msgstr "�уффик�"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1451
+msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
+msgstr "и�пользовать �уффик� <�уффик�> вме�то «.patch»"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1453
+msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
+msgstr "начать нумерацию патчей � <n>, а не � 1"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1455
+msgid "mark the series as Nth re-roll"
+msgstr "пометить �ерию как �нную попытку"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1457
+msgid "Use [RFC PATCH] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "И�пользовать [RFC PATCH] вме�то [PATCH]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1460
+msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "И�пользовать [<префик�>] вме�то [PATCH]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1463
+msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
+msgstr "�охранить результирующие файлы в <каталог>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1466
+msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
+msgstr "не обрезать/добавл�ть [PATCH]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1469
+msgid "don't output binary diffs"
+msgstr "не выводить двоичные различи�"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1471
+msgid "output all-zero hash in From header"
+msgstr "выводить нулевую х�ш-�умму в заголовке From"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1473
+msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
+msgstr "не включать патч, е�ли коммит уже е�ть в выше�то�щей ветке"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1475
+msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
+msgstr "выводить в формате патча, а не в �тандартном (патч + �тати�тика)"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1477
+msgid "Messaging"
+msgstr "Передача �ообщений"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1478
+msgid "header"
+msgstr "заголовок"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1479
+msgid "add email header"
+msgstr "добавить заголовок �ообщени�"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1480 builtin/log.c:1482
+msgid "email"
+msgstr "почта"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1480
+msgid "add To: header"
+msgstr "добавить заголовок To:"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1482
+msgid "add Cc: header"
+msgstr "добавить заголовок Cc:"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1484
+msgid "ident"
+msgstr "идентификатор"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1485
+msgid "set From address to <ident> (or committer ident if absent)"
+msgstr "у�тановить адре� отправител� на <идентификатор> (или на идентификатор коммитера, е�ли от�ут�твует)"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1487
+msgid "message-id"
+msgstr "идентификатор-�ообщени�"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1488
+msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
+msgstr "�делать первое пи�ьмо ответом на <идентификатор-�ообщени�>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1489 builtin/log.c:1492
+msgid "boundary"
+msgstr "вложение"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1490
+msgid "attach the patch"
+msgstr "приложить патч"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1493
+msgid "inline the patch"
+msgstr "включить патч в тек�т пи�ьма"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1497
+msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
+msgstr "включить в пи�ьмах иерархично�ть, �тили: shallow (ча�тичную), deep (глубокую)"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1499
+msgid "signature"
+msgstr "подпи�ь"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1500
+msgid "add a signature"
+msgstr "добавить подпи�ь"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1501
+msgid "base-commit"
+msgstr "базовый коммит"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1502
+msgid "add prerequisite tree info to the patch series"
+msgstr "добавить информацию о требовании дерева к �ерии патчей"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1504
+msgid "add a signature from a file"
+msgstr "добавить подпи�ь из файла"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1505
+msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
+msgstr "не выводить имена файлов патчей"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1507
+msgid "show progress while generating patches"
+msgstr "показать прогре�� выполнени� во �оздани� патчей"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1582
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid ident line: %s"
+msgstr "неправильна� �трока идентификации: %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1597
+msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "-n и -k нельз� и�пользовать одновременно"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1599
+msgid "--subject-prefix/--rfc and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "--subject-prefix/--rfc и -k нельз� и�пользовать одновременно."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1607
+msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
+msgstr "--name-only не имеет �мы�ла"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1609
+msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
+msgstr "--name-status не имеет �мы�ла"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1611
+msgid "--check does not make sense"
+msgstr "--check не имеет �мы�ла"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1641
+msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
+msgstr "�тандартный вывод или каталог?"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1643
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �оздать каталог «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1736
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read signature file '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать файл подпи�и «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1768
+msgid "Generating patches"
+msgstr "Создание патчей"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1812
+msgid "Failed to create output files"
+msgstr "Сбой при �оздании выходных файлов"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1862
+msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
+msgstr "git cherry [-v] [<выше�то�ща�-ветка> [<голова> [<ограничение>]]]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1916
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> "
+"manually.\n"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь найти от�леживаемую внешнюю ветку, укажите <выше�то�щую-ветку> вручную.\n"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+msgid "git ls-files [<options>] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-files [<опции>] [<файл>…]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:517
+msgid "identify the file status with tags"
+msgstr "выводить имена файлов � метками"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:519
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
+msgstr "и�пользовать �имволы в нижнем реги�тре дл� «предположительно без изменений» файлов"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:521
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'fsmonitor clean' files"
+msgstr "и�пользовать �имволы нижнего реги�тра дл� файлов «fsmonitor clean»"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:523
+msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
+msgstr "показывать к�шированные файлы при выводе (по умолчанию)"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:525
+msgid "show deleted files in the output"
+msgstr "показывать удаленные файлы при выводе"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:527
+msgid "show modified files in the output"
+msgstr "показывать измененные файлы при выводе"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:529
+msgid "show other files in the output"
+msgstr "показывать другие файлы при выводе"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:531
+msgid "show ignored files in the output"
+msgstr "показывать игнорируемые файлы при выводе"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:534
+msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
+msgstr "показывать им� индек�ированного объекта на выводе"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:536
+msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
+msgstr "показывать файлы в файловой �и�теме, которые должны быть удалены"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:538
+msgid "show 'other' directories' names only"
+msgstr "показывать только имена у «других» каталогов"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:540
+msgid "show line endings of files"
+msgstr "показать концы �трок файлов"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:542
+msgid "don't show empty directories"
+msgstr "не показывать пу�тые каталоги"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:545
+msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
+msgstr "показывать не �литые файлы на выводе"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:547
+msgid "show resolve-undo information"
+msgstr "показывать информации о разрешении конфликтов и отмене"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:549
+msgid "skip files matching pattern"
+msgstr "пропу�тить файлы, �оответ�твующие шаблону"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:552
+msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
+msgstr "прочитать шаблоны и�ключени� из <файл>"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:555
+msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
+msgstr "прочитать дополнительные покаталожные шаблоны и�ключени� из <файл>"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:557
+msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
+msgstr "добавить �тандартные и�ключени� git"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:560
+msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
+msgstr "выводить пути отно�ительно корневого каталога проекта"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:563
+msgid "recurse through submodules"
+msgstr "рекур�ивно по подмодул�м"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:565
+msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
+msgstr "е�ли какой-либо <файл> не в индек�е, �читать �то ошибкой"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:566
+msgid "tree-ish"
+msgstr "указатель-дерева"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:567
+msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
+msgstr "притворить��, что пути удалены, т.к. <указатель-дерева> еще �уще�твует"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:569
+msgid "show debugging data"
+msgstr "показать отладочную информацию"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:7
+msgid ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<repository> [<refs>...]]"
+msgstr "git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<запу�к>]\n                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n                     [--symref] [<репозиторий> [<��ылки>…]]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:52
+msgid "do not print remote URL"
+msgstr "не выводить URL внешних репозиториев"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:53 builtin/ls-remote.c:55
+msgid "exec"
+msgstr "запу�к"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:54 builtin/ls-remote.c:56
+msgid "path of git-upload-pack on the remote host"
+msgstr "путь к git-upload-pack на внешнем �ервере"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:58
+msgid "limit to tags"
+msgstr "ограничить вывод метками"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:59
+msgid "limit to heads"
+msgstr "ограничить вывод указател�ми на ветки"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:60
+msgid "do not show peeled tags"
+msgstr "не показывать удалённые метки"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:62
+msgid "take url.<base>.insteadOf into account"
+msgstr "учитывать url.<база>.insteadOf"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:64
+msgid "exit with exit code 2 if no matching refs are found"
+msgstr "выходить � кодом 2, е�ли �оответ�твующие ��ылки не найдены"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:66
+msgid "show underlying ref in addition to the object pointed by it"
+msgstr "показать также внутреннюю ��ылку в дополнение к объекту, на который она указывает"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:29
+msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-tree [<опции>] <указатель-дерева> [<путь>…]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:127
+msgid "only show trees"
+msgstr "выводить только деревь�"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:129
+msgid "recurse into subtrees"
+msgstr "проходить рекур�ивно в поддеревь�"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:131
+msgid "show trees when recursing"
+msgstr "выводить деревь� при рекур�ивном проходе"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:134
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL byte"
+msgstr "раздел�ть запи�и � помощью �УЛЕВОГО байта"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:135
+msgid "include object size"
+msgstr "включить размер объекта"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:137 builtin/ls-tree.c:139
+msgid "list only filenames"
+msgstr "выводить только имена файлов"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:142
+msgid "use full path names"
+msgstr "и�пользовать полные пути"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:144
+msgid "list entire tree; not just current directory (implies --full-name)"
+msgstr "выве�ти полное дерево; не только текущий каталог (включает в �еб� --full-name)"
+
+#: builtin/mailsplit.c:241
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty mbox: '%s'"
+msgstr "пу�той mbox: «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:48
+msgid "git merge [<options>] [<commit>...]"
+msgstr "git merge [<опции>] [<коммит>…]"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:49
+msgid "git merge --abort"
+msgstr "git merge --abort"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:50
+msgid "git merge --continue"
+msgstr "git merge --continue"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:107
+msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
+msgstr "при указании параметра «m» требует�� указать значение"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:144
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь найти �тратегию �ли�ни� «%s».\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available strategies are:"
+msgstr "До�тупные �тратегии:"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:150
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
+msgstr "До�тупные пользователь�кие �тратегии:"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:200 builtin/pull.c:137
+msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr "не выводить �тати�тику изменений по�ле окончани� �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:203 builtin/pull.c:140
+msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr "выве�ти �тати�тику изменений по�ле окончани� �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:204 builtin/pull.c:143
+msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
+msgstr "(�иноним дл� --stat)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/pull.c:146
+msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
+msgstr "добавить (мак�имум <n>) запи�ей из короткого журнала в �ообщение коммита у �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:209 builtin/pull.c:152
+msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
+msgstr "�оздать один коммит, вме�то выполнени� �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:211 builtin/pull.c:155
+msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
+msgstr "�делать коммит, е�ли �ли�ние прошло у�пешно (по умолчанию)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:213 builtin/pull.c:158
+msgid "edit message before committing"
+msgstr "отредактировать �ообщение перед выполнением коммита"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:214
+msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
+msgstr "разрешить перемотку вперед (по умолчанию)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:216 builtin/pull.c:164
+msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
+msgstr "отменить выполнение �ли�ни�, е�ли перемотка вперед невозможна"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:220 builtin/pull.c:167
+msgid "verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+msgstr "проверить, что указанный коммит имеет верную �лектронную подпи�ь GPG"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:221 builtin/notes.c:777 builtin/pull.c:171
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
+msgid "strategy"
+msgstr "�тратеги�"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:222 builtin/pull.c:172
+msgid "merge strategy to use"
+msgstr "и�пользуема� �тратеги� �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:223 builtin/pull.c:175
+msgid "option=value"
+msgstr "опци�=значение"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:224 builtin/pull.c:176
+msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
+msgstr "опции дл� выбранной �тратегии �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:226
+msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
+msgstr "�ообщение коммита дл� �ли�ни� (дл� �ли�ни� без перемотки вперед)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:230
+msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "отменить выполнение прои�ход�щего �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:232
+msgid "continue the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "продолжить выполнение прои�ход�щего �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:234 builtin/pull.c:183
+msgid "allow merging unrelated histories"
+msgstr "разрешить �ли�ние не�в�занных и�торий изменений"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:240
+msgid "verify commit-msg hook"
+msgstr "проверить перехватчик commit-msg"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:265
+msgid "could not run stash."
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить stash."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:270
+msgid "stash failed"
+msgstr "�бой при выполнении stash"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a valid object: %s"
+msgstr "неправильный объект: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:297 builtin/merge.c:314
+msgid "read-tree failed"
+msgstr "�бой при выполнении read-tree"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:344
+msgid " (nothing to squash)"
+msgstr " (нечего уплотн�ть)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:355
+#, c-format
+msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr "Уплотнение коммита — не обновл�� HEAD\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:405
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr "�ет �ообщени� �ли�ни� — не обновл�ем HEAD\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:455
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgstr "«%s» не указывает на коммит"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:545
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
+msgstr "�еправильна� �трока branch.%s.mergeoptions: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:667
+msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "�е обрабатываю ничего, кроме �ли�ни� двух указателей на ветки."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:681
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
+msgstr "�еизве�тный параметр merge-recursive: -X%s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:696
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запи�ать %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:748
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь проче�ть из «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:757
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
+msgstr "�е выполн�ю коммит �ли�ни�; и�пользуйте «git commit» дл� завершени� �ли�ни�.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:763
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
+"especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"the commit.\n"
+msgstr "Пожалуй�та, введите �ообщение коммита, дл� объ��нени�, зачем нужно\n�то �ли�ние, о�обенно, е�ли �то �ли�ние обновленной выше�то�щей\nветки в тематиче�кую ветку.\n\nСтроки, начинающие�� � «%c» будут проигнорированы, а пу�тое\n�ообщение отмен�ет проце�� коммита.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:799
+msgid "Empty commit message."
+msgstr "Пу�тое �ообщение коммита."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:819
+#, c-format
+msgid "Wonderful.\n"
+msgstr "Прекра�но.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:872
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь прове�ти автоматиче�кое �ли�ние; и�правьте конфликты и �делайте коммит результата.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:911
+msgid "No current branch."
+msgstr "�ет текущей ветки."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:913
+msgid "No remote for the current branch."
+msgstr "У текущей ветки нет внешнего репозитори�."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:915
+msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
+msgstr "Дл� текущей ветки не указана выше�то�ща� ветка по умолчанию."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:920
+#, c-format
+msgid "No remote-tracking branch for %s from %s"
+msgstr "�е указана внешн�� от�леживаема� ветка дл� %s на %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad value '%s' in environment '%s'"
+msgstr "Плохое значение «%s» в переменной окружени� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1075
+#, c-format
+msgid "not something we can merge in %s: %s"
+msgstr "не �вл�ет�� тем, что можно �лить в %s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1109
+msgid "not something we can merge"
+msgstr "не �вл�ет�� тем, что можно �лить"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1174
+msgid "--abort expects no arguments"
+msgstr "опци� --abort не принимает аргументы"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1178
+msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "�ет �ли�ни�, которое можно отменить (от�ут�твует файл MERGE_HEAD)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1190
+msgid "--continue expects no arguments"
+msgstr "опци� --continue не принимает аргументы"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1194
+msgid "There is no merge in progress (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "Сейча� не прои�ходит �ли�ние (от�ут�твует файл MERGE_HEAD)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1210
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you merge."
+msgstr "Вы не завершили �ли�ние (при�ут�твует файл MERGE_HEAD).\nВыполните коммит ваших изменений, перед �ли�нием."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1217
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you merge."
+msgstr "Вы не завершили копирование коммита (при�ут�твует файл CHERRY_PICK_HEAD).\nПожалуй�та, закоммитьте ваши изменени�, перед �ли�нием."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1220
+msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "Вы не завершили копирование коммита (при�ут�твует файл CHERRY_PICK_HEAD)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1229
+msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
+msgstr "�ельз� и�пользовать одновременно --squash и --no-ff."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1237
+msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
+msgstr "Коммит не указан и параметр merge.defaultToUpstream не у�тановлен."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1254
+msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
+msgstr "Уплотнение коммита в пу�тую ветку еще не поддерживает��"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1256
+msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
+msgstr "Коммит, не �вл�ющий�� перемоткой вперед, нет �мы�ла делать в пу�тую ветку."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1261
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
+msgstr "%s не �вл�ет�� тем, что можно �лить"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1263
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr "Можно только один коммит в пу�тую ветку."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1297
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, allegedly by %s."
+msgstr "Коммит %s �одержит не доверенную GPG подпи�ь, предположительно от %s."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1300
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a bad GPG signature allegedly by %s."
+msgstr "Коммит %s �одержит плохую GPG подпи�ь, предположительно от %s."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1303
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."
+msgstr "Коммит %s не �одержит GPG подпи�ь."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1306
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"
+msgstr "Коммит %s �одержит дей�твительную GPG подпи�ь, от %s.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1368
+msgid "refusing to merge unrelated histories"
+msgstr "отказ �ли�ни� не�в�занных и�торий изменений"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1377
+msgid "Already up to date."
+msgstr "Уже обновлено."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1387
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
+msgstr "Обновление %s..%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1428
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
+msgstr "Попытка тривиального �ли�ни� в индек�е…\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1435
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nope.\n"
+msgstr "�е вышло.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1460
+msgid "Already up to date. Yeeah!"
+msgstr "Уже обновлено. Круто!"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1466
+msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
+msgstr "Перемотка вперед невозможна, отмена."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1489 builtin/merge.c:1568
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
+msgstr "Перемотка дерева к и�ходному �о�то�нию…\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1493
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
+msgstr "Попытка �ли�ни� � помощью �тратегии %s…\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1559
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
+msgstr "�и одна �тратеги� �ли�ни� не обработала �ли�ние.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1561
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
+msgstr "Сбой при �ли�нии � помощью �тратегии %s.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1570
+#, c-format
+msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
+msgstr "И�пользую %s дл� подготовки ручного разрешени� конфликтов.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1582
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
+msgstr "�втоматиче�кое �ли�ние прошло у�пешно; как и запрашивали, о�тановлено перед выполнением коммита\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:30
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] <commit> <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] <коммит> <коммит>…"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:31
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <коммит>…"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
+msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base --independent <коммит>…"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
+msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
+msgstr "git merge-base --is-ancestor <коммит> <коммит>"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:34
+msgid "git merge-base --fork-point <ref> [<commit>]"
+msgstr "git merge-base --fork-point <��ылка> [<коммит>]"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
+msgid "output all common ancestors"
+msgstr "выве�ти в�ех общих предков"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
+msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
+msgstr "выве�ти предков дл� одного многоходового �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:224
+msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
+msgstr "выве�ти �пи�ок редаций, которые не до�тижимы из друг друга"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:226
+msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
+msgstr "�вл�ет�� первым предком второго указанного коммита?"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:228
+msgid "find where <commit> forked from reflog of <ref>"
+msgstr "найти журнале ��ылок <��ылка> где именно <коммит> разветвил��"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:9
+msgid ""
+"git merge-file [<options>] [-L <name1> [-L <orig> [-L <name2>]]] <file1> "
+"<orig-file> <file2>"
+msgstr "git merge-file [<опции>] [-L им�1 [-L orig [-L им�2]]] <файл1> <ориг-файл> <файл2>"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:33
+msgid "send results to standard output"
+msgstr "выве�ти результат на �тандартный вывод"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:34
+msgid "use a diff3 based merge"
+msgstr "и�пользовать diff3 �ли�ние"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:35
+msgid "for conflicts, use our version"
+msgstr "при возникновении конфликтов, и�пользовать нашу вер�ию"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:37
+msgid "for conflicts, use their version"
+msgstr "при возникновении конфликтов, и�пользовать их вер�ию"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:39
+msgid "for conflicts, use a union version"
+msgstr "при возникновении конфликтов, и�пользовать обе вер�ии"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:42
+msgid "for conflicts, use this marker size"
+msgstr "при возникновении конфликтов, и�пользовать �тот размер маркера"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:43
+msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
+msgstr "не предупреждать о конфликтах"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:45
+msgid "set labels for file1/orig-file/file2"
+msgstr "у�тановить метки дл� файл1/ориг-файл/файл2"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:45
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option %s"
+msgstr "неизве�тна� опци� %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:51
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать объект «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:55
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d base. Ignoring %s."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d bases. Ignoring %s."
+msgstr[0] "невозможно обработать больше %d базы. Игнорирую %s."
+msgstr[1] "невозможно обработать больше %d баз. Игнорирую %s."
+msgstr[2] "невозможно обработать больше %d баз. Игнорирую %s."
+msgstr[3] "невозможно обработать больше %d базы. Игнорирую %s."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:63
+msgid "not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "не обрабатываю ничего, кроме �ли�ни� двух указателей на ветки."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:69 builtin/merge-recursive.c:71
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve ref '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь ра�познать ��ылку «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merging %s with %s\n"
+msgstr "Сли�ние %s и %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:65
+msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
+msgstr "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:153
+msgid "input is NUL terminated"
+msgstr "ввод отделённый �УЛЕВЫМИ �имволами"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:154 builtin/write-tree.c:25
+msgid "allow missing objects"
+msgstr "допу�тить от�ут�твие объектов"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:155
+msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
+msgstr "допу�тить �оздание более одного дерева"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:17
+msgid "git mv [<options>] <source>... <destination>"
+msgstr "git mv [<опции>] <и�точник>… <назначение>"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "Directory %s is in index and no submodule?"
+msgstr "Каталог %s в индек�е и не �вл�ет�� подмодулем?"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:85 builtin/rm.c:289
+msgid "Please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
+msgstr "Чтобы продолжить, проиндек�ируйте или �пр�чьте ваши изменени� в файле .gitmodules"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:103
+#, c-format
+msgid "%.*s is in index"
+msgstr "%.*s в инде�е"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:125
+msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
+msgstr "принудительно перемещать/переименовать, даже е�ли цель �уще�твует"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:126
+msgid "skip move/rename errors"
+msgstr "пропу�кать ошибки при перемещении/переименовании"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:167
+#, c-format
+msgid "destination '%s' is not a directory"
+msgstr "целевой путь «%s» не �вл�ет�� каталогом"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:178
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Проверка переименовани� из «%s» в «%s»\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:182
+msgid "bad source"
+msgstr "плохой и�точник"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:185
+msgid "can not move directory into itself"
+msgstr "нельз� переме�тить каталог в �амого �еб�"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:188
+msgid "cannot move directory over file"
+msgstr "нельз� переме�тить каталог в файл"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:197
+msgid "source directory is empty"
+msgstr "и�ходный каталог пу�т"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:222
+msgid "not under version control"
+msgstr "не под вер�ионным контролем"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:225
+msgid "destination exists"
+msgstr "целевой путь уже �уще�твует"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:233
+#, c-format
+msgid "overwriting '%s'"
+msgstr "перезапи�ь «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:236
+msgid "Cannot overwrite"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь перезапи�ать"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:239
+msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
+msgstr "не�колько и�точников дл� одного целевого пути"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:241
+msgid "destination directory does not exist"
+msgstr "целевой каталог не �уще�твует"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:248
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
+msgstr "%s, откуда=%s, куда=%s"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:269
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
+msgstr "Переименование %s в %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:275 builtin/remote.c:712 builtin/repack.c:390
+#, c-format
+msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
+msgstr "�бой при переименовании «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:338
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git name-rev [<опции>] <коммит>…"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:339
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --all"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<опции>] --all"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:340
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --stdin"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<опции>] --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:395
+msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
+msgstr "выводить только имена (без SHA-1)"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:396
+msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
+msgstr "и�пользовать только метки дл� именовани� коммитов"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:398
+msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "и�пользовать только ��ылки, �оответ�твующие <шаблону> "
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:400
+msgid "ignore refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "игнорировать ��ылки, �оответ�твующие <шаблону>"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:402
+msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
+msgstr "выве�ти �пи�ок в�ех коммитов, до�тижимых �о в�ех ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:403
+msgid "read from stdin"
+msgstr "прочитать из �тандартного ввода"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:404
+msgid "allow to print `undefined` names (default)"
+msgstr "разрешить вывод «undefined», е�ли не найдено (по умолчанию)"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:410
+msgid "dereference tags in the input (internal use)"
+msgstr "разыменовывать введенные метки (дл� внутреннего и�пользовани�)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:26
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <��ылка-на-заметку>] [list [<объект>]]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:27
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file>"
+" | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <��ылка-на-заметку>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <�ообщение> | -F <файл> | (-c | -C) <объект>] [<объект>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:28
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <��ылка-на-заметку>] copy [-f] <из-объекта> <в-объект>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:29
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> |"
+" (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <��ылка-на-заметку>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <�ообщение> | -F <файл> | (-c | -C) <объект>] [<объект>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:30
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <��ылка-на-заметку>] edit [--allow-empty] [<объект>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:31
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] show [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <��ылка-на-заметку>] show [<объект>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:32
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy>] <notes-ref>"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <��ылка-на-заметку>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <�тратеги�>] <��ылка-на-заметку>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:33
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:34
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:35
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] remove [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <��ылка-на-заметку>] remove [<объект>…]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:36
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] prune [-n] [-v]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <им�-заметки>] prune [-n] [-v]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:37
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] get-ref"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <��ылка-на-заметку>] get-ref"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:42
+msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr "git notes [list [<объект>]]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:47
+msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes add [<опции>] [<объект>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:52
+msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr "git notes copy [<опции>] <из-объекта> <в-объект>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:53
+msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
+msgstr "git notes copy --stdin [<из-объекта> <в-объект>]…"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:58
+msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes append [<опции>] [<объект>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:63
+msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes edit [<объект>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:68
+msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes show [<объект>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:73
+msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes-ref>"
+msgstr "git notes merge [<опции>] <��ылка-на-заметку>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:74
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --commit [<опции>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:75
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --abort [<опции>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:80
+msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes remove [<опции>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:85
+msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes prune [<опции>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:90
+msgid "git notes get-ref"
+msgstr "git notes get-ref"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:95
+msgid "Write/edit the notes for the following object:"
+msgstr "Запи�ать/изменить заметки дл� �ледующего объекта:"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:148
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запу�тить «show» дл� объекта «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:152
+msgid "could not read 'show' output"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать вывод «show»"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:160
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь завершить «show» дл� объекта «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:195
+msgid "please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+msgstr "пожалуй�та, укажите �одержимое заметки, и�пользу� опцию -m или -F"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:204
+msgid "unable to write note object"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запи�ать объект заметки"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "the note contents have been left in %s"
+msgstr "�одержимое заметки о�тало�ь в %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:234 builtin/tag.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:236 builtin/tag.c:503
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть или прочитать «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:255 builtin/notes.c:306 builtin/notes.c:308
+#: builtin/notes.c:376 builtin/notes.c:431 builtin/notes.c:517
+#: builtin/notes.c:522 builtin/notes.c:600 builtin/notes.c:662
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "не удало�ь разрешить «%s» как ��ылку."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:258
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать объект «%s»."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать данные заметки из недвоичного объекта «%s»."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "неправильна� введенна� �трока: «%s»."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:317
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �копировать заметку из «%s» в «%s»"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the first %s will be replaced by a git
+#. notes command: 'add', 'merge', 'remove', etc.
+#: builtin/notes.c:349
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to %s notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "отказ в перезапи�и %s заметок в %s (за пределами refs/notes/)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:369 builtin/notes.c:424 builtin/notes.c:500
+#: builtin/notes.c:512 builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:655
+#: builtin/notes.c:805 builtin/notes.c:952 builtin/notes.c:973
+msgid "too many parameters"
+msgstr "передано �лишком много параметров"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:382 builtin/notes.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "no note found for object %s."
+msgstr "не найдена заметка дл� объекта %s."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:403 builtin/notes.c:566
+msgid "note contents as a string"
+msgstr "тек�товое �одержимое заметки"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:406 builtin/notes.c:569
+msgid "note contents in a file"
+msgstr "�одержимое заметки в файле"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:409 builtin/notes.c:572
+msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
+msgstr "и�пользовать и отредактировать указанный объект заметки"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:412 builtin/notes.c:575
+msgid "reuse specified note object"
+msgstr "и�пользовать указанный объект заметки"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:415 builtin/notes.c:578
+msgid "allow storing empty note"
+msgstr "разрешить �охранение пу�той заметки"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:416 builtin/notes.c:487
+msgid "replace existing notes"
+msgstr "заменить �уще�твующие заметки"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь добавить заметку. �айдена �уще�твующа� заметка у объекта %s. И�пользуйте параметр «-f» дл� перезапи�и �уще�твующих заметок."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:535
+#, c-format
+msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
+msgstr "Перезапи�ь �уще�твующих заметок у объекта %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:467 builtin/notes.c:627 builtin/notes.c:892
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
+msgstr "Удаление заметки у объекта %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:488
+msgid "read objects from stdin"
+msgstr "прочитать объекты из �тандартного ввода"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:490
+msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
+msgstr "загрузить на�тройки перезапи�и дл� команды <команда> (включает в �еб� --stdin)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:508
+msgid "too few parameters"
+msgstr "передано �лишком мало параметров"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:529
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite"
+" existing notes"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �копировать заметку. �айдена �уще�твующа� заметка у объекта %s. И�пользуйте параметр «-f» дл� перезапи�и �уще�твующих заметок."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:541
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr "нет заметок у и�ходного объекта %s. �ельз� �копировать."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:593
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
+"Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
+msgstr "Опции -m/-F/-c/-C дл� подкоманды «edit» у�тарели.\nИ�пользуйте вме�то них «git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C».\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:688
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "не удало�ь удалить ��ылку NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:690
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "не удало�ь удалить ��ылку NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:692
+msgid "failed to remove 'git notes merge' worktree"
+msgstr "не удало�ь удалить рабочий каталог «git notes merge»"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:712
+msgid "failed to read ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать ��ылку NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:714
+msgid "could not find commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "не удало�ь найти коммит из NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:716
+msgid "could not parse commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "не удало�ь разобрать коммит из NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:729
+msgid "failed to resolve NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "не удало�ь разрешить NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:732
+msgid "failed to finalize notes merge"
+msgstr "не удало�ь завершить �линие заметок"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown notes merge strategy %s"
+msgstr "неизве�тна� �тратеги� �ли�ни� заметок %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:774
+msgid "General options"
+msgstr "Общие опции"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:776
+msgid "Merge options"
+msgstr "Опции �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:778
+msgid ""
+"resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy "
+"(manual/ours/theirs/union/cat_sort_uniq)"
+msgstr "разрешить конфликты заметок � помощью указанной �тратегии (manual/ours/theirs/union/cat_sort_uniq)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:780
+msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr "Коммит не �литых заметок"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:782
+msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr "завершить �ли�ние заметок коммитом не �литых заметок"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:784
+msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
+msgstr "Отмена разрешени� �ли�ни� заметок"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:786
+msgid "abort notes merge"
+msgstr "отменить �ли�ние заметок"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:797
+msgid "cannot mix --commit, --abort or -s/--strategy"
+msgstr "нельз� и�пользовать одновременно --commit, --abort и -s/--strategy"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:802
+msgid "must specify a notes ref to merge"
+msgstr "вы должны указать ��ылку заметки дл� �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:826
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown -s/--strategy: %s"
+msgstr "неизве�тный параметр дл� -s/--strategy: %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:863
+#, c-format
+msgid "a notes merge into %s is already in-progress at %s"
+msgstr "�ли�ние заметок в %s уже выполн�ет�� на %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to store link to current notes ref (%s)"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �охранить адре� текущей ��ылки на заметку (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:868
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Automatic notes merge failed. Fix conflicts in %s and commit the result with"
+" 'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with 'git notes merge "
+"--abort'.\n"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь автоматиче�ки �лить заметки. И�правьте конфликты в %s и закоммитьте результат � помощью «git notes merge --commit», или прервите проце�� �ли�ни� � помощью «git notes merge --abort».\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:890
+#, c-format
+msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
+msgstr "У объекта %s нет заметки\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:902
+msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
+msgstr "попытка удалени� не�уще�твующей заметки не �вл�ет�� ошибкой"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:905
+msgid "read object names from the standard input"
+msgstr "прочитать имена объектов из �тандартного ввода"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:943 builtin/prune.c:105 builtin/worktree.c:158
+msgid "do not remove, show only"
+msgstr "не удал�ть, только показать �пи�ок"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:944
+msgid "report pruned notes"
+msgstr "выве�ти �пи�ок удаленных заметок"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:986
+msgid "notes-ref"
+msgstr "��ылка-на-заметку"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:987
+msgid "use notes from <notes-ref>"
+msgstr "и�пользовать заметку из <��ылка-на-заметку>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1022
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "неизве�тна� подкоманда: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:33
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<options>...] [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
+msgstr "git pack-objects --stdout [<опции>…] [< <�пи�ок-��ылок> | < <�пи�ок-объектов>]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:34
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects [<options>...] <base-name> [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
+msgstr "git pack-objects [<опции>…] <им�-базы> [< <�пи�ок-��ылок> | < <�пи�ок-объектов>]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:192 builtin/pack-objects.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "deflate error (%d)"
+msgstr "ошибка �жати� (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:788
+msgid "disabling bitmap writing, packs are split due to pack.packSizeLimit"
+msgstr "отключение запи�и битовых карт, так как карты были разбиты на ча�ти из-за pack.packSizeLimit"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:801
+msgid "Writing objects"
+msgstr "Запи�ь объектов"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1081
+msgid "disabling bitmap writing, as some objects are not being packed"
+msgstr "отключение запи�и битовых карт, так как некоторые объекты не были упакованы"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2451
+msgid "Compressing objects"
+msgstr "Сжатие объектов"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2599
+msgid "invalid value for --missing"
+msgstr "недопу�тимое значение дл� --missing"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2902
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported index version %s"
+msgstr "неподдерживаема� вер�и� индек�а %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2906
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad index version '%s'"
+msgstr "плоха� вер�и� индек�а «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2936
+msgid "do not show progress meter"
+msgstr "не выводить прогре�� выполнени�"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2938
+msgid "show progress meter"
+msgstr "показать прогре�� выполнени�"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2940
+msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
+msgstr "показать прогре�� выполнени� во врем� запи�и объектов"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2943
+msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
+msgstr "похоже на --all-progress при включенном прогре��е выполнени�"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2944
+msgid "version[,offset]"
+msgstr "вер�и�[,�мещение]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2945
+msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
+msgstr "запи�ать файл индек�а пакета в указанной вер�ии формата"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2948
+msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
+msgstr "мак�имальный размер каждого выходного файла пакета"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2950
+msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
+msgstr "игнорировать чужие объекты, вз�тые из альтернативного хранилища объектов"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2952
+msgid "ignore packed objects"
+msgstr "игнорировать упакованные объекты"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2954
+msgid "limit pack window by objects"
+msgstr "ограничить окно пакета по количе�тву объектов"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2956
+msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
+msgstr "дополнительно к количе�тву объектов ограничить окно пакета по пам�ти"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2958
+msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
+msgstr "мак�имальна� разрешенна� длина цепочки дельт в результирующем пакете"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2960
+msgid "reuse existing deltas"
+msgstr "и�пользовать повторно �уще�твующие дельты"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2962
+msgid "reuse existing objects"
+msgstr "и�пользовать повторно �уще�твующие объекты"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2964
+msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
+msgstr "и�пользовать объекты OFS_DELTA"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2966
+msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
+msgstr "и�пользовать многопоточно�ть при пои�ке лучших �овпадений дельт"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2968
+msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
+msgstr "не �оздавать пу�тые выходные пакеты"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2970
+msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
+msgstr "прочитать аргументы редакций из �тандартного ввода"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2972
+msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
+msgstr "ограничить�� объектами, которые еще не упакованы"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2975
+msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
+msgstr "включить объекты, которые до�тижимы по любой из ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2978
+msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
+msgstr "включить объекты, на которые ��ылают�� запи�и журнала ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2981
+msgid "include objects referred to by the index"
+msgstr "включить объекты, на которые ��ылает�� индек�"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2984
+msgid "output pack to stdout"
+msgstr "выве�ти пакет на  �тандартный вывод"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2986
+msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
+msgstr "включить объекты меток, которые ��ылают�� на упаковываемые объекты"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2988
+msgid "keep unreachable objects"
+msgstr "�охран�ть ��ылки на недо�тупные объекты"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2990
+msgid "pack loose unreachable objects"
+msgstr "паковать недо�тижимые объекты"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2992
+msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
+msgstr "ра�паковать недо�тупные объекты, которые новее, чем <врем�>"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2995
+msgid "create thin packs"
+msgstr "�оздавать тонкие пакеты"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2997
+msgid "create packs suitable for shallow fetches"
+msgstr "�оздавать пакеты, подход�щие дл� ча�тичных извлечений"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2999
+msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
+msgstr "игнорировать пакеты, р�дом � которыми лежит .keep файл"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3001
+msgid "pack compression level"
+msgstr "уровень �жати� пакета"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3003
+msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
+msgstr "не �крывать коммиты �ращени�ми"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3005
+msgid "use a bitmap index if available to speed up counting objects"
+msgstr "по возможно�ти и�пользовать индек� в битовых картах, дл� у�корени� под�чета объектов"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3007
+msgid "write a bitmap index together with the pack index"
+msgstr "запи�ь индек�а в битовых картах вме�те � индек�ом пакета"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3010
+msgid "handling for missing objects"
+msgstr "обработка от�ут�твующих объектов"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3144
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "Под�чет объектов"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:6
+msgid "git pack-refs [<options>]"
+msgstr "git pack-refs [<опции>]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:14
+msgid "pack everything"
+msgstr "паковать в�ё"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
+msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
+msgstr "почи�тить �лабые ��ылки (по умолчанию)"
+
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:8
+msgid "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
+msgstr "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
+
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:41
+msgid "Removing duplicate objects"
+msgstr "Удаление дублирующих�� объектов"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:11
+msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
+msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <врем�>] [--] [<ветка>…]"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:106
+msgid "report pruned objects"
+msgstr "выве�ти �пи�ок удаленных объектов"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:109
+msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
+msgstr "удалить объекты �тарее чем <дата-окончани�>"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:123
+msgid "cannot prune in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "нельз� почи�тить неи�пользуемые объекты в precious-objects репозитории"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:54 builtin/pull.c:56
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "�еправильное значение %s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:76
+msgid "git pull [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git pull [<опции>] [<репозиторий> [<�пецификатор-��ылки>…]]"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:127
+msgid "control for recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr "управление рекур�ивным извлечением подмодулей"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:131
+msgid "Options related to merging"
+msgstr "Опции, �в�занные �о �ли�нием"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:134
+msgid "incorporate changes by rebasing rather than merging"
+msgstr "забрать изменени� � помощью перемещени�, а не �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:161 builtin/rebase--helper.c:23 builtin/revert.c:121
+msgid "allow fast-forward"
+msgstr "разрешить перемотку вперед"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:170
+msgid "automatically stash/stash pop before and after rebase"
+msgstr "автоматиче�ки выполн�ть stash/stash pop до и по�ле перемещени�"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:186
+msgid "Options related to fetching"
+msgstr "Опции, �в�занные � извлечением изменений"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:204
+msgid "number of submodules pulled in parallel"
+msgstr "количе�тво подмодулей, которые будут получены парралельно"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:299
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for pull.ff: %s"
+msgstr "�еправильное значение дл� pull.ff: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:415
+msgid ""
+"There is no candidate for rebasing against among the refs that you just "
+"fetched."
+msgstr "�ет претендентов дл� перемещени� �реди ��ылок, которые вы только что получили."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:417
+msgid ""
+"There are no candidates for merging among the refs that you just fetched."
+msgstr "�ет претендентов дл� �ли�ни� �реди ��ылок, которые вы только что получили."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:418
+msgid ""
+"Generally this means that you provided a wildcard refspec which had no\n"
+"matches on the remote end."
+msgstr "Обычно �то означает, что вы передали �пецификацию ��ылки � помощью шаблона и �тот шаблон ни � чем не �овпал на внешнем репозитории."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:421
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You asked to pull from the remote '%s', but did not specify\n"
+"a branch. Because this is not the default configured remote\n"
+"for your current branch, you must specify a branch on the command line."
+msgstr "Вы попро�или получить изменени� �о внешнего репозитори� «%s», но не указали ветку. Так как �то не репозиторий по умолчанию дл�  вашей текущей ветки, вы должны указать ветку в командной �троке."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:426 git-parse-remote.sh:73
+msgid "You are not currently on a branch."
+msgstr "Вы �ейча� ни на одной из веток."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:428 builtin/pull.c:443 git-parse-remote.sh:79
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to rebase against."
+msgstr "Пожалуй�та, укажите на какую ветку вы хотите переме�тить изменени�."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:430 builtin/pull.c:445 git-parse-remote.sh:82
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to merge with."
+msgstr "Пожалуй�та, укажите � какой веткой вы хотите �лить изменени�."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:431 builtin/pull.c:446
+msgid "See git-pull(1) for details."
+msgstr "Дл� дополнительной информации, �мотрите git-pull(1)."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:433 builtin/pull.c:439 builtin/pull.c:448
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:64
+msgid "<remote>"
+msgstr "<внешний-репозиторий>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:433 builtin/pull.c:448 builtin/pull.c:453 git-rebase.sh:466
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:65
+msgid "<branch>"
+msgstr "<ветка>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:441 git-parse-remote.sh:75
+msgid "There is no tracking information for the current branch."
+msgstr "У текущей ветки нет информации об от�леживании."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:450 git-parse-remote.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:"
+msgstr "Е�ли вы хотите указать информацию о от�леживаемой ветке, выполните:"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:455
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your configuration specifies to merge with the ref '%s'\n"
+"from the remote, but no such ref was fetched."
+msgstr "Ваша конфигураци� указывает, что нужно �лить изменени� �о ��ылкой\n«%s» из внешнего репозитори�, но така� ��ылка не была получена."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:817
+msgid "ignoring --verify-signatures for rebase"
+msgstr "игнорирование --verify-signatures при перемещении"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:865
+msgid "--[no-]autostash option is only valid with --rebase."
+msgstr "--[no-]autostash можно и�пользовать только вме�те � --rebase."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:873
+msgid "Updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index."
+msgstr "Обновление еще не начавшей�� ветки � изменени�ми, добавленными в индек�."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:876
+msgid "pull with rebase"
+msgstr "получение � перемещением"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:877
+msgid "please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "�делайте коммит или �пр�чьте их."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:902
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"commit %s."
+msgstr "извлечение обновило указатель на вашу текущую ветку.\nперемотка вашего рабочего каталога\n� коммита %s."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:907
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot fast-forward your working tree.\n"
+"After making sure that you saved anything precious from\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"output, run\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"to recover."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь перемотать вперёд изменени� в вашем рабочем каталоге.\nПо�ле того, как вы убедите�ь, что вы �охранили в�ё необходимое из вывода\n$ git diff %s\n, запу�тите\n$ git reset --hard\nдл� во��тановлени� и�ходного �о�то�ни�."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:922
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head."
+msgstr "�ельз� �лить не�колько веток в пу�той указатель на ветку."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:926
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches."
+msgstr "�евозможно переме�тить над не�колькими ветками."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:933
+msgid "cannot rebase with locally recorded submodule modifications"
+msgstr "невозможно выполнить перемещение � запи�анными локальными изменени�ми в подмодул�х"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:17
+msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git push [<опции>] [<репозиторий> [<�пецификатор-��ылки>…]]"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:92
+msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
+msgstr "указано �окращение tag, но не указана �ама <метка>"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:102
+msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
+msgstr "опци� --delete принимает только про�тые целевые имена ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:146
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
+msgstr "\nЧтобы выбрать любую из опций на по�то�нной о�нове, �мотрите push.default в «git help config»."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
+"the name of your current branch.  To push to the upstream branch\n"
+"on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+"\n"
+"To push to the branch of the same name on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s %s\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr "Им� выше�то�щей ветки и вашей текущей ветки различают��. Чтобы отправить изменени� в выше�то�щую ветку на внешнем репозитории, и�пользуйте:\n\n    git push %s HEAD:%s\n\nЧтобы отправить изменени� в ветку � таким же именем на внешнем репозитории, и�пользуйте:\n\n    git push %s %s\n%s"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:164
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are not currently on a branch.\n"
+"To push the history leading to the current (detached HEAD)\n"
+"state now, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
+msgstr "Вы �ейча� не находите�ь ни на одной из веток.\nЧтобы отправить и�торию, ведущую к текущему (отделённый HEAD) �о�то�нию, и�пользуйте\n\n    git push %s HEAD:<им�-внешней-ветки>\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:178
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
+"To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+msgstr "Текуща� ветка %s не имеет выше�то�щей ветки.\nЧтобы отправить текущую ветку и у�тановить внешнюю ветку как выше�то�щую дл� �той ветки, и�пользуйте\n\n    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
+msgstr "Ваша текуща� ветка %s имеет не�колько выше�то�щих веток, отказ в отправке изменений."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:189
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
+"your current branch '%s', without telling me what to push\n"
+"to update which remote branch."
+msgstr "Вы �ейча� отправл�ете изменени� на внешний репозиторий «%s», который не �вл�ет�� выше�то�щим дл� вашей текущей ветки «%s», без указани� того, что отправл�ть и в какую внешнюю ветку."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:248
+msgid "You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
+msgstr "Вы не указали �пецификацию ��ылки дл� отправки, а push.default указан как «nothing»."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:255
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
+"its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.\n"
+"'git pull ...') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr "Обновлени� были отклонены, так как верхушка вашей текущей ветки\nпозади ее внешней ча�ти. Заберите и �лейте внешние изменени� \n(например, � помощью «git pull …») перед повторной попыткой отправки\nизменений.\nДл� дополнительной информации, �мотрите «Note about fast-forwards»\nв «git push --help»."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:261
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+"counterpart. Check out this branch and integrate the remote changes\n"
+"(e.g. 'git pull ...') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr "Обновлени� были отклонены, так как верхушка отправл�емой ветки\nпозади ее внешней ча�ти. Переключите�ь на ветку и заберите внешние\nизменени� (например, � помощью «git pull …») перед повторной\nпопыткой отправки изменений.\nДл� дополнительной информации, �мотрите «Note about fast-forwards»\nв «git push --help»."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:267
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
+"not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
+"to the same ref. You may want to first integrate the remote changes\n"
+"(e.g., 'git pull ...') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr "Обновлени� были отклонены, так как внешний репозиторий �одержит\nизменени�, которых у ва� нет в вашем локальном репозитории.\nОбычно, �то �в�занно � тем, что кто-то уже отправил изменени� в \nто же ме�то. Перед повторной отправкой ваших изменений, вам нужно\nзабрать и �лить изменени� из внешнего репозитори� �ебе\n(например, � помощью «git pull …»).\nДл� дополнительной информации, �мотрите «Note about fast-forwards»\nв «git push --help»."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:274
+msgid "Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote."
+msgstr "Обновлени� были отклонены, так как метка уже �уще�твует во внешнем репозитории."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:277
+msgid ""
+"You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
+"or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
+"without using the '--force' option.\n"
+msgstr "Вы не можете обновить внешнюю ��ылку, котора� указывает на объект, не �вл�ющий�� коммитом или обновить внешнюю ��ылку так, чтобы она указывала на объект, не �вл�ющий�� коммитом, без указани� опции «--force».\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:337
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
+msgstr "Отправка в %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь отправить некоторые ��ылки в «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:372
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad repository '%s'"
+msgstr "плохой репозитори� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:373
+msgid ""
+"No configured push destination.\n"
+"Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote repository using\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <name> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"and then push using the remote name\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <name>\n"
+msgstr "�е на�троена точка назначени� дл� отправки.\nЛибо укажите URL � помощью командной �троки, либо на�тройте внешний репозиторий � помощью\n\n    git remote add <им�> <адре�>\n\nа затем отправьте изменени� � помощью имени внешнего репозитори�\n\n    git push <им�>\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:391
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all и --tags нельз� и�пользовать одновременно"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:392
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--all нельз� и�пользовать вме�те �о �пецификаторами ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:397
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--mirror и --tags нельз� и�пользовать одновременно"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:398
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--mirror нельз� и�пользовать вме�те �о �пецификаторами ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:403
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all и --mirror нельз� и�пользовать одновременно"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:535
+msgid "repository"
+msgstr "репозиторий"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:536 builtin/send-pack.c:163
+msgid "push all refs"
+msgstr "отправить в�е ��ылки"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:537 builtin/send-pack.c:165
+msgid "mirror all refs"
+msgstr "�делать зеркало в�ех ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:539
+msgid "delete refs"
+msgstr "удалить ��ылки"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:540
+msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
+msgstr "отправить метки (нельз� и�пользовать вме�те � --all или --mirror)"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:543 builtin/send-pack.c:166
+msgid "force updates"
+msgstr "принудительное обновление"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:545 builtin/send-pack.c:180
+msgid "refname>:<expect"
+msgstr "им�-��ылки>:<ожидает��"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:546 builtin/send-pack.c:181
+msgid "require old value of ref to be at this value"
+msgstr "требовать, чтобы �тарое значение ��ылки было ожидаемым"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:549
+msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
+msgstr "управление рекур�ивной отправкой подмодулей"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:551 builtin/send-pack.c:174
+msgid "use thin pack"
+msgstr "и�пользовать тонкие пакеты"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:552 builtin/push.c:553 builtin/send-pack.c:160
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:161
+msgid "receive pack program"
+msgstr "путь к программе упаковки на �ервере"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:554
+msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
+msgstr "у�тановить выше�то�щую ветку дл� git pull/status"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:557
+msgid "prune locally removed refs"
+msgstr "почи�тить локально удаленные ��ылки"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:559
+msgid "bypass pre-push hook"
+msgstr "пропу�тить перехватчик pre-push"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:560
+msgid "push missing but relevant tags"
+msgstr "отправить пропущенные, но нужные метки"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:563 builtin/send-pack.c:168
+msgid "GPG sign the push"
+msgstr "подпи�ать отправку � помощью GPG"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:565 builtin/send-pack.c:175
+msgid "request atomic transaction on remote side"
+msgstr "запро�ить выполнение атомарной транзакции на внешней �тороне"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:566 builtin/send-pack.c:171
+msgid "server-specific"
+msgstr "зави�ит-от-�ервера"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:566 builtin/send-pack.c:172
+msgid "option to transmit"
+msgstr "передаваемые опции"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:583
+msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
+msgstr "--delete не�овме�тимо �  --all, --mirror и --tags"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:585
+msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
+msgstr "--delete не имеет �мы�ла без указани� ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:604
+msgid "push options must not have new line characters"
+msgstr "опции дл� отправки не должны �одержать �имволы перевода �трок"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:40
+msgid ""
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>)"
+" [-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] "
+"[--index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
+msgstr "git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<префик�>) [-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--index-output=<файл>] (--empty | <указатель-дерева-1> [<указатель-дерева-2> [<указатель-дерева-3>]])"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:121
+msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
+msgstr "запи�ать результирующий индек� в <файл>"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:124
+msgid "only empty the index"
+msgstr "про�то очи�тить индек�"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:126
+msgid "Merging"
+msgstr "Сли�ние"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:128
+msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
+msgstr "выполнить �ли�ние в дополнение к чтению"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:130
+msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
+msgstr "трехходовое �ли�ние, е�ли не требует�� �ли�ние на уровне файлов"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:132
+msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
+msgstr "трехходовое �ли�ние в �лучае при�ут�тви� добавлений или удалений файлов"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
+msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
+msgstr "тоже, что и -m, но отмен�ет изменени� не �литых запи�ей"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
+msgid "<subdirectory>/"
+msgstr "<подкаталог>/"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:136
+msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
+msgstr "прочитать дерево в индек� в <подкаталог>/"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:139
+msgid "update working tree with merge result"
+msgstr "обновить рабочий каталог результатом �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:141
+msgid "gitignore"
+msgstr "gitignore"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:142
+msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
+msgstr "разрешить перезапи�ь �вно игнорируемых файлов"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:145
+msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
+msgstr "не провер�ть рабочий каталог по�ле �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:146
+msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
+msgstr "не обновл�ть индек� или рабочий каталог"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:148
+msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
+msgstr "пропу�тить применение фильтра ча�тичного переключени� на �о�то�ние"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:150
+msgid "debug unpack-trees"
+msgstr "отладка unpack-trees"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:8
+msgid "git rebase--helper [<options>]"
+msgstr "git rebase--helper [<опции>]"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:24
+msgid "keep empty commits"
+msgstr "о�тавить пу�тые коммиты"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:25
+msgid "continue rebase"
+msgstr "продолжить перемещение"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:27
+msgid "abort rebase"
+msgstr "о�тановить перемещение"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:30
+msgid "make rebase script"
+msgstr "�оздать �ценарий перемещени�"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:32
+msgid "shorten commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "выве�ти короткие идентификаторы коммитов в �пи�ке дей�твий"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:34
+msgid "expand commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "выве�ти полные идентификаторы коммитов в �пи�ке дей�твий"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:36
+msgid "check the todo list"
+msgstr "проверить �пи�ок дел"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:38
+msgid "skip unnecessary picks"
+msgstr "пропу�тить ненужные команды pick"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:40
+msgid "rearrange fixup/squash lines"
+msgstr "пере�тавить �троки fixup/squash"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:42
+msgid "insert exec commands in todo list"
+msgstr "в�тавить команды и�полнени� коммитов в �пи�ке дей�твий"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:30
+msgid "git receive-pack <git-dir>"
+msgstr "git receive-pack <каталог-git>"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:840
+msgid ""
+"By default, updating the current branch in a non-bare repository\n"
+"is denied, because it will make the index and work tree inconsistent\n"
+"with what you pushed, and will require 'git reset --hard' to match\n"
+"the work tree to HEAD.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set the 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable\n"
+"to 'ignore' or 'warn' in the remote repository to allow pushing into\n"
+"its current branch; however, this is not recommended unless you\n"
+"arranged to update its work tree to match what you pushed in some\n"
+"other way.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message and still keep the default behaviour, set\n"
+"'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable to 'refuse'."
+msgstr "По умолчанию, обновл�ть текущую ветку в репозитории � рабочей\nкопией (не голом) запрещено, так как �то �делает �о�то�ние индек�а\nи рабочего каталога противоречивым, и вам прийдет�� выполнить\n«git reset --hard», чтобы �о�то�ние рабочего каталога �нова\n�оответ�твовало HEAD.\n\nВы можете у�тановить значение опции «receive.denyCurrentBranch»\nв «ignore» или «warn» во внешнем репозитории, чтобы разрешить\nотправку в его текущую ветку; но �то не рекомендует��, е�ли только\nвы не намерены обновить его рабочий каталог �по�обом подобным\nвышеопи�анному.\n\nЧтобы пропу�тить �то �ообщение и в�е равно о�тавить поведение\nпо умолчанию, у�тановите значение опции «receive.denyCurrentBranch»\nв «refuse»."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:860
+msgid ""
+"By default, deleting the current branch is denied, because the next\n"
+"'git clone' won't result in any file checked out, causing confusion.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' configuration variable to\n"
+"'warn' or 'ignore' in the remote repository to allow deleting the\n"
+"current branch, with or without a warning message.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message, you can set it to 'refuse'."
+msgstr "По умолчанию, удаление текущей ветки запрещено, так как по�ледующий\n«git clone» не �может получить никаких файлов, что приведет к путанице.\n\nВы можете у�тановить значение опции «receive.denyDeleteCurrent»\nв «warn» или «ignore», во внешнем репозитории,  чтобы разрешить\nудаление текущей ветки � или без предупреждающего �ообщени�.\n\nЧтобы пропу�тить �то �ообщение, вы можете у�тановить значение опции\nв «refuse»."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1933
+msgid "quiet"
+msgstr "тихий режим"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1947
+msgid "You must specify a directory."
+msgstr "Вы должны указать каталог."
+
+#: builtin/reflog.c:531 builtin/reflog.c:536
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid timestamp"
+msgstr "«%s» не �вл�ет�� допу�тимой меткой даты/времени"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:13
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:14
+msgid ""
+"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] "
+"[--mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr "git remote add [-t <ветка>] [-m <ма�тер-ветка>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--mirror=<fetch|push>] <им�> <адре�>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:15 builtin/remote.c:35
+msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
+msgstr "git remote rename <�тарое-название> <новое-название>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:16 builtin/remote.c:40
+msgid "git remote remove <name>"
+msgstr "git remote remove <им�>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:17 builtin/remote.c:45
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
+msgstr "git remote set-head <им�> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <ветка>)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:18
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <им�>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:19
+msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <им�>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:20
+msgid ""
+"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<группа> | <им�-внешнего-репозитори�>)…]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:21
+msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches [--add] <им�> <ветка>…"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:71
+msgid "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <им�>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:76
+msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
+msgstr "git remote set-url [--push] <им�> <новый-url> [<�тарый-url>]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:24 builtin/remote.c:77
+msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
+msgstr "git remote set-url --add <им�> <новый-url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:25 builtin/remote.c:78
+msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
+msgstr "git remote set-url --delete <им�> <url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:30
+msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr "git remote add [<опции>] <им�> <url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:50
+msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches <им�> <ветка>…"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:51
+msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches --add <им�> <ветка>…"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:56
+msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote show [<опции>] <им�>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:61
+msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote prune [<опции>] <им�>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:66
+msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
+msgstr "git remote update [<опции>] [<группа> | <им�-внешнего-репозитори�>]…"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s"
+msgstr "Обновление %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:127
+msgid ""
+"--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
+"\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
+msgstr "ключ --mirror небезопа�ен и не рекомендует�� к и�пользованию;\nи�пользуйте вме�то него --mirror=fetch или --mirror=push"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:144
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
+msgstr "неизве�тный аргумент дл� mirror: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:160
+msgid "fetch the remote branches"
+msgstr "извлечь внешние ветки"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:162
+msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
+msgstr "импортировать в�е метки и а��оциированные объекты при извлечении"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:165
+msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
+msgstr "или не извлекать метки вообще (--no-tags)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:167
+msgid "branch(es) to track"
+msgstr "от�леживаемые ветки"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:168
+msgid "master branch"
+msgstr "ма�тер ветка"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:169
+msgid "push|fetch"
+msgstr "push|fetch"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:170
+msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
+msgstr "на�троить внешний репозиторий как зеркало дл� отправки или извлечени� изменений"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:182
+msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
+msgstr "указание ма�тер ветки не имеет �мы�ла � параметром --mirror"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:184
+msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
+msgstr "указание от�леживаемых веток имеет �мы�л только при зеркальном извлечении"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:191 builtin/remote.c:631
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote %s already exists."
+msgstr "внешний репозиторий %s уже �уще�твует"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:195 builtin/remote.c:635
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
+msgstr "«%s» не �вл�ет�� допу�тимым именем внешнего репозитори�."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь на�троить ма�тер ветку «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:337
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь извлечь карту дл� �пецификатора ��ылки %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:438 builtin/remote.c:446
+msgid "(matching)"
+msgstr "(�оответ�твующа�)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:450
+msgid "(delete)"
+msgstr "(удаленна�)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:624 builtin/remote.c:759 builtin/remote.c:858
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote: %s"
+msgstr "�ет такого внешнего репозитори�: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:641
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь переименовать �екцию конфигурации � «%s» на «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:661
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"\tPlease update the configuration manually if necessary."
+msgstr "�е обновл�ю не�тандартную �пецификатор ��ылки дл� извлечени�\n\t%s\n\tПожалуй�та, е�ли требует��, обновите конфигурацию вручную."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:697
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
+msgstr "не удало�ь удалить «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:731
+#, c-format
+msgid "creating '%s' failed"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:796
+msgid ""
+"Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
+"to delete it, use:"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Note: Some branches outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy were not removed;\n"
+"to delete them, use:"
+msgstr[0] "Примечание: �екоторые ветки вне иерархии refs/remotes/ не будут удалены;\nчтобы удалить их, и�пользуйте:"
+msgstr[1] "Примечание: �екоторые ветки вне иерархии refs/remotes/ не будут удалены;\nчтобы удалить их, и�пользуйте:"
+msgstr[2] "Примечание: �екоторые ветки вне иерархии refs/remotes/ не будут удалены;\nчтобы удалить их, и�пользуйте:"
+msgstr[3] "Примечание: �екоторые ветки вне иерархии refs/remotes/ не будут удалены;\nчтобы удалить их, и�пользуйте:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:810
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь удалить �екцию файла конфигурации «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:911
+#, c-format
+msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
+msgstr " нова� (�ледующее извлечение �охранит ее в remotes/%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:914
+msgid " tracked"
+msgstr " от�леживает��"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:916
+msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
+msgstr " недей�твительна (и�пользуйте «git remote prune», чтобы удалить)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:918
+msgid " ???"
+msgstr " ???"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:959
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
+msgstr "неправильный параметр конфигурации branch.%s.merge; невозможно переме�тить более чем над 1 веткой"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:967
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively onto remote %s"
+msgstr "перемещает�� интерактивно над внешней веткой %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:968
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
+msgstr "перемещает�� над внешней веткой %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid " merges with remote %s"
+msgstr " будет �лита � внешней веткой %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:974
+#, c-format
+msgid "merges with remote %s"
+msgstr "будет �лита � внешней веткой %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:977
+#, c-format
+msgid "%-*s    and with remote %s\n"
+msgstr "%-*s    и � внешней веткой %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1020
+msgid "create"
+msgstr "�оздана"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1023
+msgid "delete"
+msgstr "удалена"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1027
+msgid "up to date"
+msgstr "уже актуальна"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1030
+msgid "fast-forwardable"
+msgstr "возможна перемотка вперед"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1033
+msgid "local out of date"
+msgstr "локальна� ветка у�тарела"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1040
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr "    %-*s будет принудительно отправлена в %-*s (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1043
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr "    %-*s будет отправлена в %-*s (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1047
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
+msgstr "    %-*s будет принудительно отправлена в %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1050
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
+msgstr "    %-*s будет отправлена в %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1118
+msgid "do not query remotes"
+msgstr "не опрашивать внешние репозитории"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1145
+#, c-format
+msgid "* remote %s"
+msgstr "* внешний репозиторий %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1146
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
+msgstr "  URL дл� извлечени�: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1147 builtin/remote.c:1163 builtin/remote.c:1302
+msgid "(no URL)"
+msgstr "(нет URL)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon ':' should align
+#. with the one in " Fetch URL: %s"
+#. translation.
+#: builtin/remote.c:1161 builtin/remote.c:1163
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
+msgstr "    URL дл� отправки: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1165 builtin/remote.c:1167 builtin/remote.c:1169
+#, c-format
+msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
+msgstr "  HEAD ветка: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1165
+msgid "(not queried)"
+msgstr "(не запрашивал��)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1167
+msgid "(unknown)"
+msgstr "(неизве�тно)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1171
+#, c-format
+msgid "  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
+msgstr "  HEAD ветка (HEAD внешнего репозитори� неоднозначный, может быть одним из):\n"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1183
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
+msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
+msgstr[0] "  Внешн�� ветка:%s"
+msgstr[1] "  Внешние ветки:%s"
+msgstr[2] "  Внешние ветки:%s"
+msgstr[3] "  Внешние ветки:%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1186 builtin/remote.c:1212
+msgid " (status not queried)"
+msgstr " (�тату� не запрашивал��)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1195
+msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
+msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
+msgstr[0] "  Локальна� ветка, на�троенна� дл� «git pull»:"
+msgstr[1] "  Локальные ветки, на�троенные дл� «git pull»:"
+msgstr[2] "  Локальные ветки, на�троенные дл� «git pull»:"
+msgstr[3] "  Локальные ветки, на�троенные дл� «git pull»:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1203
+msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
+msgstr " Локальные ��ылки, зеркалируемые � помощью «git push»"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1209
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgstr[0] "  Локальна� ��ылка, на�троенна� дл� «git push»%s:"
+msgstr[1] "  Локальные ��ылки, на�троенные дл� «git push»%s:"
+msgstr[2] "  Локальные ��ылки, на�троенные дл� «git push»%s:"
+msgstr[3] "  Локальные ��ылки, на�троенные дл� «git push»%s:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1230
+msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
+msgstr "у�тановить refs/remotes/<им�>/HEAD в зави�имо�ти от внешнего репозитори�"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1232
+msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
+msgstr "удалить refs/remotes/<им�>/HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1247
+msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь определить внешний HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1249
+msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
+msgstr "�е�колько внешних HEAD веток. Укажите �вно одну из них:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1259
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not delete %s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь удалить %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
+msgstr "�едопу�тима� ��ылка: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1269
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup %s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь на�троить %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1287
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s will become dangling!"
+msgstr " %s будет ви��щей веткой!"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1288
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s has become dangling!"
+msgstr " %s �тала ви��щей веткой!"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1298
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pruning %s"
+msgstr "Очи�тка %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1299
+#, c-format
+msgid "URL: %s"
+msgstr "URL: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1315
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [would prune] %s"
+msgstr " * [будет удалена] %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1318
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [pruned] %s"
+msgstr " * [удалена] %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1363
+msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
+msgstr "почи�тить внешние репозитории по�ле извлечени�"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1426 builtin/remote.c:1480 builtin/remote.c:1548
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote '%s'"
+msgstr "�ет такого внешнего репозитори� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1442
+msgid "add branch"
+msgstr "добавить ветку"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1449
+msgid "no remote specified"
+msgstr "не указан внешний репозиторий"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1466
+msgid "query push URLs rather than fetch URLs"
+msgstr "запро�ить URL отправки, вме�то URL извлечени�"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1468
+msgid "return all URLs"
+msgstr "вернуть в�е URL"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1496
+#, c-format
+msgid "no URLs configured for remote '%s'"
+msgstr "URL не на�троены дл� внешнего репозитори� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1522
+msgid "manipulate push URLs"
+msgstr "управление URL отправки"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1524
+msgid "add URL"
+msgstr "добавить URL"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1526
+msgid "delete URLs"
+msgstr "удалить URL"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1533
+msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
+msgstr "--add нельз� и�пользовать одновременно � --delete"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1572
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
+msgstr "�еправильный шаблон �тарого URL: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1580
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such URL found: %s"
+msgstr "�е найдены �овпадени� URL: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1582
+msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
+msgstr "�ельз� удалить в�е URL не-отправки"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1598
+msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
+msgstr "быть много�ловнее; должно �то�ть перед подкомандой"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1629
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "�еизве�тна� подкоманда: %s"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:18
+msgid "git repack [<options>]"
+msgstr "git repack [<опции>]"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:23
+msgid ""
+"Incremental repacks are incompatible with bitmap indexes.  Use\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index or disable the pack.writebitmaps configuration."
+msgstr "Инкрементальные перепаковки не �овме�тимы � индек�ами в битовых картах.  И�пользуйте опцию --no-write-bitmap-index или отключите параметр конфигурации pack.writebitmaps."
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:168
+msgid "pack everything in a single pack"
+msgstr "упаковать в�ё в один пакет"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:170
+msgid "same as -a, and turn unreachable objects loose"
+msgstr "тоже, что и -a, но дополнительно отбро�ить недо�тижимые объекты"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:173
+msgid "remove redundant packs, and run git-prune-packed"
+msgstr "удалите лишние пакеты и запу�тите git-prune-packed"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:175
+msgid "pass --no-reuse-delta to git-pack-objects"
+msgstr "передать опцию --no-reuse-delta в git-pack-objects"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:177
+msgid "pass --no-reuse-object to git-pack-objects"
+msgstr "передать опцию --no-reuse-object в git-pack-objects"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:179
+msgid "do not run git-update-server-info"
+msgstr "не запу�кать git-update-server-info"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:182
+msgid "pass --local to git-pack-objects"
+msgstr "передать опцию --local в git-pack-objects"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:184
+msgid "write bitmap index"
+msgstr "запи�ь индек�а в битовых картах"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:185
+msgid "approxidate"
+msgstr "примерна�-дата"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:186
+msgid "with -A, do not loosen objects older than this"
+msgstr "� опцией -A, не отбра�ывать объекты �тарее, чем указано"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:188
+msgid "with -a, repack unreachable objects"
+msgstr "� параметром -a, перепаковать недо�тупные объекты"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:190
+msgid "size of the window used for delta compression"
+msgstr "размер окна, и�пользуемый дл� компре��ии дельт"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:191 builtin/repack.c:197
+msgid "bytes"
+msgstr "количе�тво-байт"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:192
+msgid "same as the above, but limit memory size instead of entries count"
+msgstr "тоже, что и выше, но ограничить размер пам�ти, а не количе�тво запи�ей"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:194
+msgid "limits the maximum delta depth"
+msgstr "ограничение на мак�имальную глубину дельт"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:196
+msgid "limits the maximum number of threads"
+msgstr "ограничение на мак�имальное количе�тво потоков"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:198
+msgid "maximum size of each packfile"
+msgstr "мак�имальный размер каждого из файлов пакета"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:200
+msgid "repack objects in packs marked with .keep"
+msgstr "переупаковать объекты в пакеты, помеченные файлом .keep"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:210
+msgid "cannot delete packs in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "нельз� удал�ть пакеты в precious-objects репозитории"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:214
+msgid "--keep-unreachable and -A are incompatible"
+msgstr "--keep-unreachable и -A нельз� и�пользовать одновременно"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:406 builtin/worktree.c:146
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove '%s'"
+msgstr "�бой удалени� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:20
+msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] <объект> <замена>"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:21
+msgid "git replace [-f] --edit <object>"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] --edit <объект>"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:22
+msgid "git replace [-f] --graft <commit> [<parent>...]"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] --graft <коммит> [<родитель>…]"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:23
+msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
+msgstr "git replace -d <объект>…"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:24
+msgid "git replace [--format=<format>] [-l [<pattern>]]"
+msgstr "git replace [--format=<формат>] [-l [<шаблон>]]"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:331 builtin/replace.c:369 builtin/replace.c:397
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'"
+msgstr "�едопу�тимое им� объекта: «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad mergetag in commit '%s'"
+msgstr "плоха� метка �ли�ни� в коммите «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:363
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed mergetag in commit '%s'"
+msgstr "повреждённа� метка �ли�ни� в коммите «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:374
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"original commit '%s' contains mergetag '%s' that is discarded; use --edit "
+"instead of --graft"
+msgstr "оригинальный коммит «%s» �одержит метку �ли�ни� «%s», котора� была отброшена; и�пользуйте --edit вме�то --graft"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:407
+#, c-format
+msgid "the original commit '%s' has a gpg signature."
+msgstr "оригинальный коммит «%s» �одержит подпи�ь gpg."
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:408
+msgid "the signature will be removed in the replacement commit!"
+msgstr "подпи�ь будет удалена в замененном коммите!"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:414
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write replacement commit for: '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запи�ать замену дл� коммита: «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:438
+msgid "list replace refs"
+msgstr "выве�ти �пи�ок замен�емых ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:439
+msgid "delete replace refs"
+msgstr "удаление замен�емых ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:440
+msgid "edit existing object"
+msgstr "изменение �уще�твующего объекта"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:441
+msgid "change a commit's parents"
+msgstr "изменение родител� коммита"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:442
+msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
+msgstr "замена ��ылки, е�ли она �уще�твует"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:443
+msgid "do not pretty-print contents for --edit"
+msgstr "не делать �труктурированный вывод �одержимого дл� --edit"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:444
+msgid "use this format"
+msgstr "и�пользовать �тот формат"
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:13
+msgid "git rerere [clear | forget <path>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+msgstr "git rerere [clear | forget <путь>… | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:59
+msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
+msgstr "запи�ать чи�тые разрешени� конфликтов в индек�"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:29
+msgid ""
+"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
+msgstr "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<коммит>]"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:30
+msgid "git reset [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git reset [-q] [<указатель-дерева>] [--] <пути>…"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:31
+msgid "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"
+msgstr "git reset --patch [<указатель-дерева>] [--] [<пути>…]"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
+msgid "mixed"
+msgstr "�мешанный"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
+msgid "soft"
+msgstr "м�гкий"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
+msgid "hard"
+msgstr "же�ткий"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
+msgid "merge"
+msgstr "�ли�нием"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
+msgid "keep"
+msgstr "о�тавлением"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:78
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
+msgstr "У ва� нет верного HEAD."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:80
+msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь найти дерево у HEAD."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:86
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь найти дерево у %s."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:113
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
+msgstr "HEAD �ейча� на %s"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:197
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
+msgstr "�ельз� выполнить �бро� в режиме «%s» во врем� �ли�ни�."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:297
+msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
+msgstr "тихий режим, выводить только ошибки"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:299
+msgid "reset HEAD and index"
+msgstr "�бро�ить HEAD и индек�"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:300
+msgid "reset only HEAD"
+msgstr "�бро�ить только HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:302 builtin/reset.c:304
+msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
+msgstr "�бро�ить HEAD, индек� и рабочий каталог"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:306
+msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
+msgstr "�бро�ить HEAD, но о�тавить локальные изменени�"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:312
+msgid "record only the fact that removed paths will be added later"
+msgstr "запи�ать только факт того, что удаленные пути будут добавлены позже"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь ра�познать «%s» как дей�твительную редакцию."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:337
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь ра�познать «%s» как дей�твительное дерево."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:346
+msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+msgstr "--patch нельз� и�пользовать одновременно � --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:355
+msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
+msgstr "и�пользование опции --mixed � пут�ми у�тарело; и�пользуйте «git reset -- <пути>» instead."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
+msgstr "�ельз� выполнить �бро� в режиме «%s» вме�те � указанием пути."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:367
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
+msgstr "�бро� «%s» разрешен только � голым репозиторием"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:371
+msgid "-N can only be used with --mixed"
+msgstr "-N можно и�пользовать вме�те � --mixed"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:388
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr "�епроиндек�ированные изменени� по�ле �бро�а:"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:394
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �бро�ить файл индек�а на редакцию «%s»."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:398
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь запи�ать новый файл индек�а."
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:399
+msgid "object filtering requires --objects"
+msgstr "фильтраци� объектов требует указани� параметра --objects"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:402
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid sparse value '%s'"
+msgstr "недопу�тимое ча�тичное значение «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:442
+msgid "rev-list does not support display of notes"
+msgstr "rev-list не поддерживает отображение заметок"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:445
+msgid "cannot combine --use-bitmap-index with object filtering"
+msgstr "нельз� и�пользовать --use-bitmap-index одновременно � фильтрацией объектов"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:402
+msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]"
+msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [<опции>] -- [<аргументы>…]"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:407
+msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
+msgstr "передавать далее «--» как аргумент"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:409
+msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
+msgstr "о�тановить разбор по�ле первого аргумента не �вл�ющего�� опцией"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:412
+msgid "output in stuck long form"
+msgstr "выводить аргументы в длинном формате"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:545
+msgid ""
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [<options>] [<arg>...]\n"
+"\n"
+"Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
+msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [<опции>] -- [<аргументы>…]\n   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<аргумент>…]\n   or: git rev-parse [<опции>] [<аргумент>…]\n\nЗапу�тите команду «git rev-parse --parseopt -h» дл� получени� подробной информации о первом и�пользовании."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:23
+msgid "git revert [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git revert [<опции>] <указатель-коммита>…"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:24
+msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
+msgstr "git revert <подкоманда>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:29
+msgid "git cherry-pick [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git cherry-pick [<опции>] <указатель-коммита>…"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:30
+msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
+msgstr "git cherry-pick <подкоманда>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s нельз� и�пользовать одновременно � %s"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:99
+msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "конец по�ледовательно�ти копировани� или обращени� изменений коммитов"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:100
+msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "продолжить по�ледовательно�ть копировани� или обращени� изменений коммитов"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:101
+msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "отмена по�ледовательно�ти копировани� или обращени� изменений коммитов"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:102
+msgid "don't automatically commit"
+msgstr "не коммитить автоматиче�ки"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:103
+msgid "edit the commit message"
+msgstr "изменить �ообщение коммита"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:106
+msgid "parent-number"
+msgstr "номер-родител�"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:107
+msgid "select mainline parent"
+msgstr "выбор о�новного родител�"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
+msgid "merge strategy"
+msgstr "�тратеги� �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:110
+msgid "option"
+msgstr "опци�"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:111
+msgid "option for merge strategy"
+msgstr "опци� дл� �тратегии �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:120
+msgid "append commit name"
+msgstr "добавить им� коммита"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:122
+msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
+msgstr "�охранить изначально пу�тые коммиты"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:123
+msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
+msgstr "разрешить коммиты � пу�тыми �ообщени�ми"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:124
+msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
+msgstr "о�тавить избыточные, пу�тые коммиты"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:214
+msgid "revert failed"
+msgstr "�бой обращени� изменений коммита"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:227
+msgid "cherry-pick failed"
+msgstr "�бой при копировании коммита"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:18
+msgid "git rm [<options>] [--] <file>..."
+msgstr "git rm [<опции>] [--] <файл>…"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:206
+msgid ""
+"the following file has staged content different from both the\n"
+"file and the HEAD:"
+msgid_plural ""
+"the following files have staged content different from both the\n"
+"file and the HEAD:"
+msgstr[0] "�ледующие файлы �одержат проиндек�ированные изменени� отличающие�� и от файла, и от HEAD:"
+msgstr[1] "�ледующие файлы �одержат проиндек�ированные изменени� отличающие�� и от файла, и от HEAD:"
+msgstr[2] "�ледующие файлы �одержат проиндек�ированные изменени� отличающие�� и от файла, и от HEAD:"
+msgstr[3] "�ледующие файлы �одержат проиндек�ированные изменени� отличающие�� и от файла, и от HEAD:"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:211
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"(use -f to force removal)"
+msgstr "\n(и�пользуйте опцию «-f» дл� принудительного удалени�)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:215
+msgid "the following file has changes staged in the index:"
+msgid_plural "the following files have changes staged in the index:"
+msgstr[0] "�ледующие файлы �одержат проиндек�ированные изменени� в индек�е:"
+msgstr[1] "�ледующие файлы �одержат проиндек�ированные изменени� в индек�е:"
+msgstr[2] "�ледующие файлы �одержат проиндек�ированные изменени� в индек�е:"
+msgstr[3] "�ледующие файлы �одержат проиндек�ированные изменени� в индек�е:"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:219 builtin/rm.c:228
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr "\n(и�пользуйте опцию «--cached» дл� о�тавлени� файла, или «-f» дл� принудительного удалени�)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:225
+msgid "the following file has local modifications:"
+msgid_plural "the following files have local modifications:"
+msgstr[0] "�ледующие файлы �одержат локальные изменени�:"
+msgstr[1] "�ледующие файлы �одержат локальные изменени�:"
+msgstr[2] "�ледующие файлы �одержат локальные изменени�:"
+msgstr[3] "�ледующие файлы �одержат локальные изменени�:"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:243
+msgid "do not list removed files"
+msgstr "не выводить �пи�ок удаленных файлов"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:244
+msgid "only remove from the index"
+msgstr "удалить только из индек�а"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:245
+msgid "override the up-to-date check"
+msgstr "пропу�тить проверку актуально�ти"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:246
+msgid "allow recursive removal"
+msgstr "разрешить рекур�ивное удаление"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:248
+msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
+msgstr "выход � нулевым кодом возврата, даже е�ли ничего не найдено"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:307
+#, c-format
+msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
+msgstr "не удал�ю рекур�ивно «%s» без указани� опции -r"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:346
+#, c-format
+msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
+msgstr "git rm: не удало�ь удалить %s"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:369
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь удалить «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:19
+msgid ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<host>:]<directory> [<ref>...]\n"
+"  --all and explicit <ref> specification are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<�ервер>:]<каталог> [<��ылка>…]\n  --all и �вный �пецификатор <��ылки> взаимно и�ключающие."
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:162
+msgid "remote name"
+msgstr "им� внешнего репозитори�"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:176
+msgid "use stateless RPC protocol"
+msgstr "протокол без �охранени� �о�то�ни� дл� RPC"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:177
+msgid "read refs from stdin"
+msgstr "прочитать ��ылки из �тандартного ввода"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:178
+msgid "print status from remote helper"
+msgstr "выве�ти �тату� от �крипта внешнего �ервера"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:14
+msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr "git shortlog [<опции>] [<диапазон-редакций>] [[--] [<путь>…]]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:263
+msgid "Group by committer rather than author"
+msgstr "Группировать по коммитеру, а не по автору"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:265
+msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
+msgstr "от�ортировать вывод по количе�тву коммитов у автора"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:267
+msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
+msgstr "�е выводить опи�ани� коммитов, а только их количе�тво"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:269
+msgid "Show the email address of each author"
+msgstr "Показать почту каждого из авторов"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:270
+msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
+msgstr "w[,i1[,i2]]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:271
+msgid "Linewrap output"
+msgstr "Перено� �трок на выводе"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:12
+msgid ""
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"\t\t[--current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
+"\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
+"\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <glob>)...]"
+msgstr "git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n\t\t[--current] [--color[=<когда>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<редакци�> | <шаблон>)…]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:16
+msgid "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<база>]] [--list] [<��ылка>]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d ref"
+msgid_plural "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "игнорирование %s; невозможно обработать больше %d ��ылки"
+msgstr[1] "игнорирование %s; невозможно обработать больше %d ��ылок"
+msgstr[2] "игнорирование %s; невозможно обработать больше %d ��ылок"
+msgstr[3] "игнорирование %s; невозможно обработать больше %d ��ылки"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "no matching refs with %s"
+msgstr "нет �овпадающих запи�ей � %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:626
+msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr "показать �пи�ок и от�леживаемых внешних и локальных веток"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:628
+msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "показать �пи�ок от�леживаемых внешних веток"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:630
+msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
+msgstr "окрашивать «*!+-» в �оответ�твии � веткой"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:632
+msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
+msgstr "показать <n> коммитов по�ле общего предка"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:634
+msgid "synonym to more=-1"
+msgstr "�иноним дл� more=-1"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:635
+msgid "suppress naming strings"
+msgstr "не выводить именованные �троки"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:637
+msgid "include the current branch"
+msgstr "включить в вывод текущую ветку"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:639
+msgid "name commits with their object names"
+msgstr "именовать коммиты их именами объектов"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:641
+msgid "show possible merge bases"
+msgstr "выве�ти возможные базы �ли�ни�"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:643
+msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
+msgstr "выве�ти ��ылки, недо�тупные из любых других ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:645
+msgid "show commits in topological order"
+msgstr "выве�ти коммиты в топологиче�ком пор�дке"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:648
+msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
+msgstr "выве�ти только коммиты, от�ут�твующие в первой ветке"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:650
+msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
+msgstr "выве�ти �ли�ни�, до�тижимые только из одной из верхушек"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
+msgid "topologically sort, maintaining date order where possible"
+msgstr "топологиче�ка� �ортировка, � �охранением пор�дка дат, е�ли возможно"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
+msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
+msgstr "<n>[,<база>]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
+msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
+msgstr "показать <n> по�ледних запи�ей в журнале ��ылок, начина� � базы"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:690
+msgid ""
+"--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, --independent or --merge-"
+"base"
+msgstr "--reflog не�овме�тимо � --all, --remotes, --independent и --merge-base"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:714
+msgid "no branches given, and HEAD is not valid"
+msgstr "не указаны ветки и HEAD не дей�твительный"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:717
+msgid "--reflog option needs one branch name"
+msgstr "параметр --reflog требует указани� имени одной ветки"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "only %d entry can be shown at one time."
+msgid_plural "only %d entries can be shown at one time."
+msgstr[0] "только %d запи�ь может быть показана одновременно."
+msgstr[1] "только %d запи�и могут быть показаны одновременно."
+msgstr[2] "только %d запи�ей могут быть показаны одновременно."
+msgstr[3] "только %d запи�и могут быть показаны одновременно."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:724
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such ref %s"
+msgstr "нет такой ��ылки %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d rev."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d revs."
+msgstr[0] "невозможно обработать больше %d редакции."
+msgstr[1] "невозможно обработать больше %d редакций."
+msgstr[2] "невозможно обработать больше %d редакций."
+msgstr[3] "невозможно обработать больше %d редакции."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:812
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid ref."
+msgstr "«%s» не �вл�ет�� допу�тимой ��ылкой на коммит."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot find commit %s (%s)"
+msgstr "не удало�ь найти коммит %s (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:10
+msgid ""
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | "
+"--hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<pattern>...]"
+msgstr "git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<шаблон>…]"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:11
+msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<шаблон>]"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:159
+msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
+msgstr "выве�ти только метки (можно и�пользовать одновременно � --heads)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:160
+msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
+msgstr "выве�ти только головы (можно и�пользовать одновременно � --tags)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:161
+msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
+msgstr "более �трога� проверка ��ылок, требует точный путь ��ылки"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:164 builtin/show-ref.c:166
+msgid "show the HEAD reference, even if it would be filtered out"
+msgstr "выве�ти ��ылку HEAD, даже е�ли она будет отфильтрована"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
+msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
+msgstr "разыменовать метки в идентификаторы объектов"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
+msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
+msgstr "и�пользовать <n> цифр дл� вывода SHA-1"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:174
+msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
+msgstr "не печатать результат на �тандартный вывод (полезно � опцией «--verify»)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
+msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
+msgstr "выве�ти ��ылки �о �тандартного ввода, которых нет в локальном репозитории"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:18
+msgid "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:19
+msgid "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:36
+msgid "skip and remove all lines starting with comment character"
+msgstr "пропу�тить и удалить в�е �троки, начинающие�� � �имвола комметари�"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:39
+msgid "prepend comment character and space to each line"
+msgstr "добавить перед каждой �трокой �имвол комметари� и пробел"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:34 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1332
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such ref: %s"
+msgstr "�ет такой ��ылки: %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:41 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1341
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expecting a full ref name, got %s"
+msgstr "Ожидало�ь полное им� ��ылки, а получено %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:81
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь обрезать один компонент url «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:370 builtin/submodule--helper.c:861
+msgid "alternative anchor for relative paths"
+msgstr "альтернативный �имвол дл� отно�ительных путей"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:375
+msgid "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<путь>] [<путь>…]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:426 builtin/submodule--helper.c:449
+#, c-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '%s' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr "URL дл� подмодул� по пути «%s» не найден в .gitmodules"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:464
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not lookup configuration '%s'. Assuming this repository is its own "
+"authoritative upstream."
+msgstr "не удало�ь запро�ить конфигурацию «%s». Предполагаю, что �тот репозиторий имеет �вой �об�твенный выше�то�щий репозиторий."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:475
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "Сбой реги�трации адре�а дл� пути подмодул� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:479
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) registered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Подмодуль «%s» (%s) зареги�трирован по пути «%s»\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:489
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: command update mode suggested for submodule '%s'\n"
+msgstr "внимание: предполагаемый режим обновлени� дл� подмодул� «%s»\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:496
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "Сбой реги�трации режима обновлени� дл� пути подмодул� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:518
+msgid "Suppress output for initializing a submodule"
+msgstr "�е выводить информацию о инициализации подмодул�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:523
+msgid "git submodule--helper init [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper init [<путь>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:591 builtin/submodule--helper.c:713
+#, c-format
+msgid "no submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '%s'"
+msgstr "не найдено �оответ�твие подмодулей в .gitmodules дл� пути «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:626
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD ref inside the submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь найти HEAD ��ылку внутри подмодул� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:653
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь перейти вглубь подмодул� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:677
+msgid "Suppress submodule status output"
+msgstr "�е выводить �тату� подмодул�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:678
+msgid ""
+"Use commit stored in the index instead of the one stored in the submodule "
+"HEAD"
+msgstr "И�пользовать коммит хран�щий�� в индек�е вме�то коммита хран�щего�� в HEAD подмодул�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:679
+msgid "recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "проходить вглубь вложенных подмодулей"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:684
+msgid "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<путь>…]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:708
+msgid "git submodule--helper name <path>"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper name <путь>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:796 builtin/submodule--helper.c:799
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' cannot add alternate: %s"
+msgstr "подмодулю «%s» не удало�ь добавить альтернативу: %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:835
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateErrorStrategy is not recognized"
+msgstr "Значение «%s» дл� параметра submodule.alternateErrorStrategy не рапознано"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:842
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateLocation is not recognized"
+msgstr "Значение «%s» дл� параметра submodule.alternateLocation не рапознано"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:864
+msgid "where the new submodule will be cloned to"
+msgstr "куда должен быть �клонирован новый подмодуль"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:867
+msgid "name of the new submodule"
+msgstr "им� нового подмодул�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:870
+msgid "url where to clone the submodule from"
+msgstr "url откуда должен был �клонирован новый подмодуль"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:876
+msgid "depth for shallow clones"
+msgstr "глубина дл� ча�тичного клона"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:879 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1250
+msgid "force cloning progress"
+msgstr "принудительно выводить прогре�� клонировани�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:884
+msgid ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<path>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<repository>] [--name <name>] [--depth <depth>] --url <url> --path <path>"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<путь>] [--quiet] [--reference <репозиторий>] [--name <им�>] [--depth <глубина>] --url <url> --path <путь>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:915
+#, c-format
+msgid "clone of '%s' into submodule path '%s' failed"
+msgstr "не удало�ь клонировать «%s» в подмодуль по пути «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:930
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get submodule directory for '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь получить каталог дл� подмодул� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:995
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule path '%s' not initialized"
+msgstr "Подмодуль по пути «%s» не инициализирован"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:999
+msgid "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr "Возможно, вы хотели и�пользовать «update --init»?"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1028
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping unmerged submodule %s"
+msgstr "Пропу�к не �литого подмодул� %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1057
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "Пропу�к подмодул� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1190
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s'. Retry scheduled"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь клонировать «%s». Запланирована повторна� попытка"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1201
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s' a second time, aborting"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь клонировать «%s» �о второй попытки, отмена"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1231 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1451
+msgid "path into the working tree"
+msgstr "путь в рабочем каталоге"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1234
+msgid "path into the working tree, across nested submodule boundaries"
+msgstr "путь в рабочем каталоге, в пределах границ подмодул�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1238
+msgid "rebase, merge, checkout or none"
+msgstr "rebase, merge, checkout или none"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1242
+msgid "Create a shallow clone truncated to the specified number of revisions"
+msgstr "Создать ча�тичный клон, ограниченный указанным количе�твом редакций"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1245
+msgid "parallel jobs"
+msgstr "параллельные задачи"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1247
+msgid "whether the initial clone should follow the shallow recommendation"
+msgstr "должен ли изначальный проце�� клонировани� �ледовать рекомендации о ча�тично�ти"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1248
+msgid "don't print cloning progress"
+msgstr "вы выводить прогре�� клонировани�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1255
+msgid "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<путь>] [<путь>…]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1268
+msgid "bad value for update parameter"
+msgstr "плохое значение дл� параметра update"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1336
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule (%s) branch configured to inherit branch from superproject, but "
+"the superproject is not on any branch"
+msgstr "Ветка подмодул� (%s) на�троена на на�ледование ветки из родитель�кого проекта, но он не находит�� ни на одной ветке"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1452
+msgid "recurse into submodules"
+msgstr "рекур�ивно по подмодул�м"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1458
+msgid "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<путь>…]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1517
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s doesn't support --super-prefix"
+msgstr "%s не поддерживает параметр --super-prefix"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1523
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid submodule--helper subcommand"
+msgstr "«%s» не �вл�ет�� подкомандой submodule--helper"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:8
+msgid "git symbolic-ref [<options>] <name> [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref [<опции>] <им�> [<��ылка>]"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:9
+msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <name>"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <им�>"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40
+msgid "suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"
+msgstr "не выводить �ообщени� об ошибках дл� не�имвольных (от�оединенных) ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:41
+msgid "delete symbolic ref"
+msgstr "удалить �имвольные ��ылки"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:42
+msgid "shorten ref output"
+msgstr "укороченный вывод ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
+msgid "reason"
+msgstr "причина"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
+msgid "reason of the update"
+msgstr "причина обновлени�"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:24
+msgid ""
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>] <tagname> "
+"[<head>]"
+msgstr "git tag [-a | -s | -u <идентификатор-ключа>] [-f] [-m <�ообщение> | -F <файл>] <им�-метки> [<редакци�>]"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:25
+msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -d <им�-метки>…"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:26
+msgid ""
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--no-contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<format>] [--[no-]merged [<commit>]] [<pattern>...]"
+msgstr "git tag -l [-n[<количе�тво>]] [--contains <коммит>] [--no-contains <коммит>] [--points-at <объект>]\n\t\t[--format=<формат>] [--[no-]merged [<коммит>]] [<шаблон>…]"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:28
+msgid "git tag -v [--format=<format>] <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -v [--format=<формат>] <им�-метки>…"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:86
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' not found."
+msgstr "метка  «%s» не найдена."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "Метка «%s» удалена (была %s)\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:131
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Write a message for tag:\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored.\n"
+msgstr "\nВведите �ообщение дл� метки:\n  %s\nСтроки, начинающие�� � «%c» будут проигнорированы.\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Write a message for tag:\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+msgstr "\nВведите �ообщение дл� метки:\n  %s\nСтроки, начинающие�� � «%c» будут о�тавлены; вы можете удалить их вручную, е�ли хотите.\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:189
+msgid "unable to sign the tag"
+msgstr "не удало�ь подпи�ать метку"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:191
+msgid "unable to write tag file"
+msgstr "не удало�ь запи�ать файл метки"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:215
+msgid "bad object type."
+msgstr "неправильный тип объекта"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:261
+msgid "no tag message?"
+msgstr "нет опи�ани� метки?"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:268
+#, c-format
+msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
+msgstr "Сообщение метки было о�тавлено в %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:376
+msgid "list tag names"
+msgstr "�пи�ок названий меток"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:378
+msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
+msgstr "печатать <n> �трок опи�ани� от каждой метки"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:380
+msgid "delete tags"
+msgstr "удалить метки"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:381
+msgid "verify tags"
+msgstr "проверить метки"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:383
+msgid "Tag creation options"
+msgstr "�а�тройки �оздани� метки"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:385
+msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
+msgstr "дл� аннотированной метки нужно �ообщение"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:387
+msgid "tag message"
+msgstr "опи�ание метки"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:389
+msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
+msgstr "аннотированна� и подпи�анна� � помощью GPG метка"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:393
+msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
+msgstr "и�пользовать другой ключ дл� подпи�ани� метки"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:394
+msgid "replace the tag if exists"
+msgstr "замена метки, е�ли она �уще�твует"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:395 builtin/update-ref.c:368
+msgid "create a reflog"
+msgstr "�оздать журнал ��ылок"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:397
+msgid "Tag listing options"
+msgstr "�а�тройки вывода �пи�ка меток"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:398
+msgid "show tag list in columns"
+msgstr "показать �пи�ок меток по �толбцам"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:399 builtin/tag.c:401
+msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
+msgstr "вывод только меток, которые �одержат коммит"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:400 builtin/tag.c:402
+msgid "print only tags that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "вывод только меток, которые не �одержат коммит"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:403
+msgid "print only tags that are merged"
+msgstr "вывод только �литых меток"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:404
+msgid "print only tags that are not merged"
+msgstr "вывод только не �литых меток"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:409
+msgid "print only tags of the object"
+msgstr "вывод только меток, определенного объекта"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:453
+msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column и -n нельз� и�пользовать одновременно"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:475
+msgid "-n option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "опцию -n можно и�пользовать только в режиме �пи�ка"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:477
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "опцию --contains можно и�пользовать только в режиме �пи�ка"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:479
+msgid "--no-contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "опцию --no-contains можно и�пользовать только в режиме �пи�ка"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:481
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "опцию --points-at можно и�пользовать только в режиме �пи�ка"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:483
+msgid "--merged and --no-merged options are only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "опции --merged и --no-merged можно и�пользовать только в режиме �пи�ка"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:494
+msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
+msgstr "-F и -m нельз� и�пользовать одновременно."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:513
+msgid "too many params"
+msgstr "передано �лишком много параметров"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:519
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
+msgstr "«%s» не �вл�ет�� допу�тимым именем метки."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:524
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "метка «%s» уже �уще�твует"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:554
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "Метка «%s» обновлена (была %s)\n"
+
+#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:494
+msgid "Unpacking objects"
+msgstr "Ра�паковка объектов"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать каталог %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить stat %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create file %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать файл %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete file %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь удалить файл %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:113 builtin/update-index.c:219
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete directory %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь удалить каталог %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:138
+#, c-format
+msgid "Testing mtime in '%s' "
+msgstr "Проверка mtime в «%s» "
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:152
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new file"
+msgstr "информаци� �тати�тики каталога не измен�ет�� по�ле добавлени� нового файла"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:165
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new directory"
+msgstr "информаци� �тати�тики каталога не измен�ет�� по�ле добавлени� нового каталога"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:178
+msgid "directory stat info changes after updating a file"
+msgstr "информаци� �тати�тики каталога измен�ет�� по�ле добавлени� нового файла"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:189
+msgid "directory stat info changes after adding a file inside subdirectory"
+msgstr "информаци� �тати�тики каталога измен�ет�� по�ле добавлени� нового файла внутри подкаталога"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:200
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a file"
+msgstr "информаци� �тати�тики каталога не измен�ет�� по�ле удалени� файла"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:213
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a directory"
+msgstr "информаци� �тати�тики каталога не измен�ет�� по�ле удалени� каталога"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:220
+msgid " OK"
+msgstr " OK"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:579
+msgid "git update-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git update-index [<опции>] [--] [<файл>…]"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:936
+msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
+msgstr "продолжить обновление, даже е�ли индек� требует обновлени�"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:939
+msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
+msgstr "обновление: игнорировать подмодули"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:942
+msgid "do not ignore new files"
+msgstr "не игнорировать новые файлы"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:944
+msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
+msgstr "разрешить файлам замен�ть каталоги и наоборот"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:946
+msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
+msgstr "замечать файлы от�ут�твующие в рабочем каталоге"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:948
+msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
+msgstr "обновить, даже е�ли в индек�е имеют�� не �литые запи�и"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:951
+msgid "refresh stat information"
+msgstr "обновить информацию о �тату�е файлов"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:955
+msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
+msgstr "как --refresh, но игнорировать на�тройку assume-unchanged"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:959
+msgid "<mode>,<object>,<path>"
+msgstr "<режим до�тупа>,<объект>,<путь>"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:960
+msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
+msgstr "добавить указанную запи�ь в индек�"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:969
+msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
+msgstr "пометить файлы как «не измененные»"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:972
+msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
+msgstr "убрать пометку assumed-unchanged"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:975
+msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
+msgstr "пометить файлы как «только в индек�е»"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:978
+msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
+msgstr "убрать пометку skip-worktree"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:981
+msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
+msgstr "только добавить в индек�; не добавл�ть �одержимое в базу данных объектов"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:983
+msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
+msgstr "удалить указанные пути, даже е�ли они �уще�твуют в рабочем каталоге"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:985
+msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
+msgstr "� опцией --stdin: �троки на вводе отдел�ют�� �УЛЕВЫМ байтом"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:987
+msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
+msgstr "прочитать �пи�ок обновл�емых путей из �тандартного ввода"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:991
+msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
+msgstr "добавить запи�и из �тандартного ввода в индек�"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:995
+msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
+msgstr "заново заполнить индек� #2 и #3 дл� указанных путей"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:999
+msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
+msgstr "обновить только запи�и, которые отличают�� от HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1003
+msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
+msgstr "игнорировать файлы, от�ут�твующие в рабочем каталоге"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1006
+msgid "report actions to standard output"
+msgstr "выве�ти выполн�емые дей�тви� на �тандартный вывод"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1008
+msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
+msgstr "(дл� машинной обработки) забыть �охраненные неразрешенные конфликты"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1012
+msgid "write index in this format"
+msgstr "запи�ать индек� в указанном формате"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1014
+msgid "enable or disable split index"
+msgstr "разрешить или запретить раздельный индек�"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1016
+msgid "enable/disable untracked cache"
+msgstr "включить/отключить к�ш неот�леживаемых файлов"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1018
+msgid "test if the filesystem supports untracked cache"
+msgstr "проверить, что файлова� �и�тема поддерживает к�ш неот�леживаемых файлов"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1020
+msgid "enable untracked cache without testing the filesystem"
+msgstr "включить к�ш неот�леживаемых файлов без проверки файловой �и�темы"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1022
+msgid "write out the index even if is not flagged as changed"
+msgstr "запи�ать индек�, даже е�ли он не помечен как измененный"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1024
+msgid "enable or disable file system monitor"
+msgstr "включить или выключить мониторинг файловой �и�темы"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1026
+msgid "mark files as fsmonitor valid"
+msgstr "пометить файл как дей�твительный в мониторе файловой �и�темы"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1029
+msgid "clear fsmonitor valid bit"
+msgstr "�н�ть пометку дей�твительно�ти мониторе файловой �и�темы"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1127
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"enable split index"
+msgstr "параметр  core.splitIndex у�тановлен в false; удалите или измените его, е�ли вы дей�твительно хотите включить разделенный индек�"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1136
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"disable split index"
+msgstr "параметр  core.splitIndex у�тановлен в true; удалите или измените его, е�ли вы дей�твительно хотите отключить разделенный индек�"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1147
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to disable the untracked cache"
+msgstr "параметр core.untrackedCache у�тановлен true; удалите или измените его, е�ли вы дей�твительно хотите удалить к�ш неот�леживаемых файлов"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1151
+msgid "Untracked cache disabled"
+msgstr "К�ш неот�леживаемых файлов отключен"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1159
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want"
+" to enable the untracked cache"
+msgstr "параметр core.untrackedCache у�тановлен false; удалите или измените его, е�ли вы дей�твительно хотите включить к�ш неот�леживаемых файлов"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1163
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked cache enabled for '%s'"
+msgstr "К�ш неот�леживаемых файлов включен дл� «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1171
+msgid "core.fsmonitor is unset; set it if you really want to enable fsmonitor"
+msgstr "параметр core.fsmonitor не у�тановлен; у�тановите его е�ли вы дей�твительно хотите включить мониторинг файловой �и�темы"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1175
+msgid "fsmonitor enabled"
+msgstr "мониторинг файловой �и�темы включён"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1178
+msgid ""
+"core.fsmonitor is set; remove it if you really want to disable fsmonitor"
+msgstr "параметр core.fsmonitor у�тановлен; удалите его е�ли вы дей�твительно хотите выключить мониторинг файловой �и�темы"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1182
+msgid "fsmonitor disabled"
+msgstr "мониторинг файловой �и�темы выключён"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:10
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] -d <refname> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<опции>] -d <им�-��ылки> [<�тарое-значение>]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:11
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>]    <refname> <new-val> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<опции>]    <им�-��ылки> <новое-значение> [<�тарое-значение>]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:12
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] --stdin [-z]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<опции>] --stdin [-z]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
+msgid "delete the reference"
+msgstr "удалить ��ылку"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:365
+msgid "update <refname> not the one it points to"
+msgstr "обновить <им�-��ылки> а не то, на что она указывает"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:366
+msgid "stdin has NUL-terminated arguments"
+msgstr "ввод отделённый �УЛЕВЫМИ �имволами"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:367
+msgid "read updates from stdin"
+msgstr "прочитать обновлени� из �тандартного ввода"
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:7
+msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
+msgstr "git update-server-info [--force]"
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:15
+msgid "update the info files from scratch"
+msgstr "обновить информацию о �ерверах � нул�"
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:18
+msgid "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <коммит>…"
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:73
+msgid "print commit contents"
+msgstr "выве�ти �одержимое коммита"
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:74 builtin/verify-tag.c:38
+msgid "print raw gpg status output"
+msgstr "выводить �ырой вывод �тату�а от gpg"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:55
+msgid "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <pack>..."
+msgstr "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <пакет>…"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:65
+msgid "verbose"
+msgstr "быть много�ловнее"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:67
+msgid "show statistics only"
+msgstr "выве�ти только �тати�тику"
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:19
+msgid "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<format>] <tag>..."
+msgstr "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<формат>] <метка>…"
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:37
+msgid "print tag contents"
+msgstr "выве�ти �одержимое метки"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:17
+msgid "git worktree add [<options>] <path> [<branch>]"
+msgstr "git worktree add [<опции>] <путь> [<ветка>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:18
+msgid "git worktree list [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree list [<опции>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:19
+msgid "git worktree lock [<options>] <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree lock [<опции>] <путь>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:20
+msgid "git worktree prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree prune [<опции>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:21
+msgid "git worktree unlock <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree unlock <путь>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: not a valid directory"
+msgstr "Удаление рабочих каталогов/%s: не �вл�ет�� каталогом"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:64
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file does not exist"
+msgstr "Удаление рабочих каталогов/%s: файл gitdir не �уще�твует"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:69 builtin/worktree.c:78
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: unable to read gitdir file (%s)"
+msgstr "Удаление рабочих каталогов/%s: не удало�ь прочитать файл gitdir (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Removing worktrees/%s: short read (expected %<PRIuMAX> bytes, read "
+"%<PRIuMAX>)"
+msgstr "Удаление рабочего каталога/%s: прочитано мало данных (ожидало�ь %<PRIuMAX> байт, прочитано %<PRIuMAX>)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:96
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: invalid gitdir file"
+msgstr "Удаление рабочих каталогов/%s: недей�твительный файл gitdir"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:112
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file points to non-existent location"
+msgstr "Удаление рабочих каталогов/%s: gitdir указывает на не�уще�твующее ра�положение"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:159
+msgid "report pruned working trees"
+msgstr "выве�ти �пи�ок удаленных рабочих каталогов"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:161
+msgid "expire working trees older than <time>"
+msgstr "удалить рабочие каталоги �тарее чем <дата-окончани�>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' already exists"
+msgstr "«%s» уже �уще�твует"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:267
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory of '%s'"
+msgstr "не удало�ь �оздать каталог «%s»"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing %s (identifier %s)"
+msgstr "Подготовка %s (идентификатор %s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:368
+msgid "checkout <branch> even if already checked out in other worktree"
+msgstr "переключить�� на <ветка> даже е�ли она уже активна в другом рабоче�м каталоге"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:370
+msgid "create a new branch"
+msgstr "�оздать новую ветку"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:372
+msgid "create or reset a branch"
+msgstr "�оздать или перейти на ветку"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:374
+msgid "populate the new working tree"
+msgstr "наполнить новый рабочий каталог"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:375
+msgid "keep the new working tree locked"
+msgstr "держать рабочий каталог заблокированным"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:377
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-branch(1))"
+msgstr "на�троить режим от�леживани� ветки (�мотрите git-branch(1))"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:380
+msgid "try to match the new branch name with a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "пытать�� найти �оответ�твие имени новой ветки � именем внешней ветки"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:388
+msgid "-b, -B, and --detach are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-b, -B и --detach нельз� и�пользовать одновременно"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:453
+msgid "--[no-]track can only be used if a new branch is created"
+msgstr "--[no-]track можно и�пользовать только когда вы �оздаёте новую ветку"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:553
+msgid "reason for locking"
+msgstr "причина блокировки"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:565 builtin/worktree.c:598
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a working tree"
+msgstr "«%s» не �вл�ет�� рабочим каталогом"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:567 builtin/worktree.c:600
+msgid "The main working tree cannot be locked or unlocked"
+msgstr "Главный рабочий каталог не может быть заблокирован или разблокирован"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:572
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked, reason: %s"
+msgstr "«%s» уже заблокирован, причина: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:574
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked"
+msgstr "«%s» уже заблокирован"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:602
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not locked"
+msgstr "«%s» не заблокирован"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:14
+msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
+msgstr "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<префик�>/]"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
+msgid "<prefix>/"
+msgstr "<префик�>/"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:28
+msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
+msgstr "выве�ти объект дерева дл� подкаталога � <префик�>"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:31
+msgid "only useful for debugging"
+msgstr "и�пользует�� только при отладке"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:24
+msgid "git upload-pack [<options>] <dir>"
+msgstr "git upload-pack [<опции>] <каталог>"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:1041
+msgid "quit after a single request/response exchange"
+msgstr "выход по�ле обмена одним запро�ом/ответом"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:1043
+msgid "exit immediately after initial ref advertisement"
+msgstr "выходить �разу по�ле начального объ�влени� �пи�ка ��ылок"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:1045
+msgid "do not try <directory>/.git/ if <directory> is no Git directory"
+msgstr "не провер�ть <каталог>/.git/ е�ли <каталог> не �вл�ет�� каталогом Git"
+
+#: upload-pack.c:1047
+msgid "interrupt transfer after <n> seconds of inactivity"
+msgstr "прервать передачу по�ле <кол> �екунд про�то�"
+
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The permissions on your socket directory are too loose; other\n"
+"users may be able to read your cached credentials. Consider running:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
+msgstr "Права до�тупа к вашему каталогу �окетов �лишком �вободны; друге пользователи могуи читать ваши зак�шированные пароли до�тупа. Обдумайте запу�к команды:\n\n\tchmod 0700 %s"
+
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:271
+msgid "print debugging messages to stderr"
+msgstr "вывод отладочных �ообщений на stderr"
+
+#: git.c:15
+msgid ""
+"'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some\n"
+"concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
+"to read about a specific subcommand or concept."
+msgstr "«git help -а» и «git help -g» выводит �пи�ок до�тупных подкоманд и\nнекоторые руковод�тва по темам. Запу�тите «git help <команда>» или\n«git help <термин>», чтобы проче�ть о конкретных подкоманде или теме."
+
+#: http.c:339
+#, c-format
+msgid "negative value for http.postbuffer; defaulting to %d"
+msgstr "отрицательное значение http.postbuffer; и�пользую �тандартное значение %d"
+
+#: http.c:360
+msgid "Delegation control is not supported with cURL < 7.22.0"
+msgstr "Делегаци� проверки полномочий не поддерживает�� � cURL < 7.22.0"
+
+#: http.c:369
+msgid "Public key pinning not supported with cURL < 7.44.0"
+msgstr "Public key pinning не поддерживает�� � cURL < 7.44.0"
+
+#: http.c:1791
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unable to update url base from redirection:\n"
+"  asked for: %s\n"
+"   redirect: %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь обновить базовый url из переадре�ации:\n  запрошено: %s\n   переадре�овано: %s"
+
+#: remote-curl.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid "redirecting to %s"
+msgstr "переадре�аци� на %s"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:54
+msgid "args"
+msgstr "аргументы"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:55
+msgid "object filtering"
+msgstr "фильтраци� объектов"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:9
+msgid "start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)"
+msgstr "�оздание рабочей обла�ти (�мотрите также: git help tutorial)"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:10
+msgid "work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)"
+msgstr "работа � текущими изменени�ми (�мотрите также: git help everyday)"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:11
+msgid "examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)"
+msgstr "про�мотр и�тории и текущего �о�то�ни� (�мотрите также: git help revisions)"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:12
+msgid "grow, mark and tweak your common history"
+msgstr "выращивание, отметка и на�тройка вашей общей и�тории"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:13
+msgid "collaborate (see also: git help workflows)"
+msgstr "�овме�тна� работа (�мотрите также: git help workflows)"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:17
+msgid "Add file contents to the index"
+msgstr "Добавление �одержимого файла в индек�"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:18
+msgid "Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug"
+msgstr "Выполнить двоичный пои�к изменени�, которое вно�ит ошибку"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:19
+msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
+msgstr "Вывод �пи�ка веток,  их �оздание или удаление"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:20
+msgid "Switch branches or restore working tree files"
+msgstr "Переключение веток или во��тановление файлов в рабочем каталоге"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:21
+msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
+msgstr "Клонирование репозитори� в новый каталог"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:22
+msgid "Record changes to the repository"
+msgstr "Запи�ь изменений в репозиторий"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:23
+msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
+msgstr "Вывод разницы между коммитами, коммитом и рабочим каталогом и т.д."
+
+#: common-cmds.h:24
+msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
+msgstr "Загрузка объектов и ��ылок из другого репозитори�"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:25
+msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
+msgstr "Вывод �трок, �оответ�твующих шаблону"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:26
+msgid "Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
+msgstr "Создание пу�того репозитори� Git или переинициализаци� �уще�твующего"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:27
+msgid "Show commit logs"
+msgstr "Вывод и�тории коммитов"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:28
+msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
+msgstr "Объединение одной или не�кольких и�торий разработки вме�те"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:29
+msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
+msgstr "Перемещение или переименование файла, каталога или �имвольной ��ылки"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:30
+msgid "Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch"
+msgstr "Извлечение изменений и объединение � другим репозиторием или локальной веткой"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:31
+msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
+msgstr "Обновление внешних ��ылок и �в�занных объектов"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:32
+msgid "Reapply commits on top of another base tip"
+msgstr "Повторно применить коммиты над верхушкой другой ветки"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:33
+msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
+msgstr "Сбро� текущего �о�то�ни� HEAD на указанное �о�то�ние"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:34
+msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
+msgstr "Удаление файлов из рабочего каталога и индек�а"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:35
+msgid "Show various types of objects"
+msgstr "Вывод различных типов объектов"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:36
+msgid "Show the working tree status"
+msgstr "Вывод �о�то�ни� рабочего каталога"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:37
+msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
+msgstr "Создание метки, вывод �пи�ка, удаление или проверка метки, подпи�анной � помощью GPG"
+
+#: parse-options.h:145
+msgid "expiry-date"
+msgstr "дата-окончани�"
+
+#: parse-options.h:160
+msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
+msgstr "ничего не делает (о�тавлено дл� обратной �овме�тимо�ти)"
+
+#: parse-options.h:238
+msgid "be more verbose"
+msgstr "быть много�ловнее"
+
+#: parse-options.h:240
+msgid "be more quiet"
+msgstr "тихий режим"
+
+#: parse-options.h:246
+msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
+msgstr "и�пользовать <n> цифр дл� вывода SHA-1"
+
+#: rerere.h:40
+msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
+msgstr "обновить индек� � помощью переи�пользовани� разрешени� конфликта, е�ли возможно"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
+msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
+msgstr "Вам нужно начать � помощью «git bisect start»"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:60
+msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "Вы уверены, что хотите, чтобы � �делал �то [Y - да/n - нет]? "
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:121
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
+msgstr "неопознанна� опци�: «$arg»"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:125
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
+msgstr "«$arg» не похоже на дей�твительную редакцию"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:154
+msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
+msgstr "Плохой указатель HEAD — �еобходим указатель HEAD"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:167
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <valid-branch>'."
+msgstr "Сбой перехода на «$start_head». Попробуйте выполнить «git bisect reset <�уще�твующа�-ветка>»."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:177
+msgid "won't bisect on cg-seek'ed tree"
+msgstr "нельз� выполнить двоичный пои�к на дереве по�ле cg-seek"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:181
+msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
+msgstr "Плохой указатель HEAD — �транна� �имвольна� ��ылка"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:233
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
+msgstr "Плохой аргумент bisect_write: $state"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:246
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
+msgstr "Плохой ввод номера редакции: $arg"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:265
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $bisected_head"
+msgstr "Плохой ввод номера редакции: $bisected_head"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:274
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
+msgstr "Плохой ввод номера редакции: $rev"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:283
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' can take only one argument."
+msgstr "«git bisect $TERM_BAD» может принимать только один аргумент."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:306
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a $TERM_BAD commit."
+msgstr "Предупреждение: попытка двоичного пои�ка � указанием только $TERM_BAD коммита."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:312
+msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "Вы уверены [Y - да/n - нет]? "
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:324
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You need to give me at least one $bad_syn and one $good_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
+msgstr "Вам нужно передать мне как минимум одну $bad_syn и одну $good_syn редакцию.\n(Дл� �того вы можете и�пользовать команды «git bisect $bad_syn» и «git bisect $good_syn».)"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:327
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
+"You then need to give me at least one $good_syn and one $bad_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
+msgstr "Дл� начала нужно запу�тить «git bisect start».\nПо�ле �того, вам нужно передать мне как минимум одну $good_syn и одну $bad_syn редакцию.\n(Дл� �того вы можете и�пользовать команды «git bisect $good_syn» и «git bisect $good_syn».)"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:398 git-bisect.sh:512
+msgid "We are not bisecting."
+msgstr "Вы �ейча� не в проце��е бинарного пои�ка."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:405
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
+msgstr "«$invalid» не �вл�ет�� дей�твительным коммитом"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:414
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
+"Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь перейти на оригинальную ветку HEAD «$branch».\nПопробуйте запу�тить «git bisect reset <коммит>»."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:422
+msgid "No logfile given"
+msgstr "�е передан файл журнала"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:423
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
+msgstr "не удало�ь прочитать $file дл� повтора изменений"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:444
+msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
+msgstr "?? вы о чем?"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:453
+msgid "bisect run failed: no command provided."
+msgstr "�бой при выполнении двоичного пои�ка: не передана команда."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:458
+#, sh-format
+msgid "running $command"
+msgstr "запу�каю $command"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:465
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"exit code $res from '$command' is < 0 or >= 128"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить двоичный пои�к:\nкод завершени� $res от «$command» оказал�� < 0 или >= 128"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:491
+msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
+msgstr "bisect run больше не может продолжать"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:497
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"'bisect_state $state' exited with error code $res"
+msgstr "не удало�ь выполнить двоичный пои�к:\n«bisect_state $state» завершил�� � кодом ошибки $res"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:504
+msgid "bisect run success"
+msgstr "bisect run выполнен у�пешно"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:533
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Invalid command: you're currently in a $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD bisect."
+msgstr "�едопу�тима� команда: вы �ейча� находите�ь на $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD двоичном пои�ке."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:567
+msgid "no terms defined"
+msgstr "определени� не заданы"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:584
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"invalid argument $arg for 'git bisect terms'.\n"
+"Supported options are: --term-good|--term-old and --term-bad|--term-new."
+msgstr "недопу�тимый аргумент $arg дл� «git bisect terms».\nПоддерживаемые параметры: --term-good|--term-old и --term-bad|--term-new."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:46
+msgid ""
+"Error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by "
+"merge"
+msgstr "Ошибка: Ваши локальные изменени� в указанных файлах будут перезапи�аны при �ли�нии"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:61
+msgid "Automated merge did not work."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь автоматиче�ки �лить изменени�."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:62
+msgid "Should not be doing an octopus."
+msgstr "Должно быть octopus не подходит."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:73
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find common commit with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь найти общий коммит � $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:77
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Already up to date with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Уже обновлено в �оответ�твии � $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding to: $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Перемотка вперед до: $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:97
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Trying simple merge with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Попытка про�того �ли�ни� � $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:102
+msgid "Simple merge did not work, trying automatic merge."
+msgstr "Про�тое �ли�ние не удало�ь, попытка автоматиче�кого �ли�ни�."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:58
+msgid ""
+"Resolve all conflicts manually, mark them as resolved with\n"
+"\"git add/rm <conflicted_files>\", then run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"You can instead skip this commit: run \"git rebase --skip\".\n"
+"To abort and get back to the state before \"git rebase\", run \"git rebase --abort\"."
+msgstr "Разрешите в�е конфликты вручную, пометьте их разрешёнными � помощью «git add/rm <конфликтующие-файлы>», а затем запу�тите «git rebase --continue».\nЕ�ли вы хотите пропу�тить �тот коммит, то запу�тите «git rebase --skip».\nЧтобы вернуть�� на �о�то�ние до «git rebase», запу�тите «git rebase --abort»."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:160 git-rebase.sh:402
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь перейти назад на $head_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:171
+msgid "Applied autostash."
+msgstr "Применены автоматиче�ки �пр�танные изменени�."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:174
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot store $stash_sha1"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �охранить $stash_sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:214
+msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
+msgstr "Перехватчик pre-rebase отказал в перемещении."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:219
+msgid "It looks like 'git am' is in progress. Cannot rebase."
+msgstr "Похоже, что выполн�ет�� «git am». �евозможно выполнить перемещение."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:363
+msgid "No rebase in progress?"
+msgstr "�ет перемещени� в проце��е?"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:374
+msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
+msgstr "Дей�твие --edit-todo может и�пользовать�� только при интерактивном перемещении."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:381
+msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь прочитать HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:384
+msgid ""
+"You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
+"mark them as resolved using git add"
+msgstr "Вы должны отредактировать в�е\nконфликты �ли�ни�, а потом пометить\nих как разрешенные � помощью git add"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:424
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
+"I wonder if you are in the middle of another rebase.  If that is the\n"
+"case, please try\n"
+"\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
+"If that is not the case, please\n"
+"\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
+"and run me again.  I am stopping in case you still have something\n"
+"valuable there."
+msgstr "Похоже, каталог $state_dir_base уже �уще�твует и � предполагаю, что вы в проце��е другого перемещени�.  Е�ли �то так, попробуйте\n\t$cmd_live_rebase\nЕ�ли нет\n\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\nи запу�тите мен� �нова.  Я о�танавливаю�ь, чтобы вы не потер�ли что-то важное."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:480
+#, sh-format
+msgid "invalid upstream '$upstream_name'"
+msgstr "недей�твительна� выше�то�ща� ветка «$upstream_name»"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:504
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
+msgstr "$onto_name: имеет�� больше одной базы �ли�ни�"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:507 git-rebase.sh:511
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
+msgstr "$onto_name: нет базы �ли�ни�"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:516
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
+msgstr "�е указывает на дей�твительный коммит: $onto_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:542
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: no such branch/commit '$branch_name'"
+msgstr "критиче�ка� ошибка: нет такой ветки/коммита «$branch_name»"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:575
+msgid "Cannot autostash"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь автоматиче�ки �пр�тать изменени�"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:580
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Created autostash: $stash_abbrev"
+msgstr "Изменени� автоматиче�ки �пр�таны: $stash_abbrev"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:584
+msgid "Please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "Сделайте коммит или �пр�чьте их."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:607
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date."
+msgstr "HEAD уже в актуальном �о�то�нии."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:609
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
+msgstr "Текуща� ветка $branch_name уже в актуальном �о�то�нии."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:617
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr "HEAD уже в актуальном �о�то�нии, принудительное перемещение."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:619
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr "Текуща� ветка $branch_name уже в актуальном �о�то�нии, принудительное перемещение."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:631
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
+msgstr "Изменени� от $mb до $onto:"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:640
+msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
+msgstr "Сначала перематываем указатель текущего коммита, чтобы применить ваши изменени� поверх него…"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:650
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
+msgstr "Перемотана вперед $branch_name до $onto_name."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:61
+msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
+msgstr "git stash очи�тка � параметрами не реализована"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:108
+msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
+msgstr "У ва� еще нет начального коммита"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:123
+msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �охранить текущее �о�то�ние индек�а"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:138
+msgid "Cannot save the untracked files"
+msgstr "�евозможно �охранить неот�леживаемые файлы"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:158 git-stash.sh:171
+msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �охранить текущее �о�то�ние рабочего каталога"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:175
+msgid "No changes selected"
+msgstr "Изменени� не выбраны"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:178
+msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь удалить временный индек� (не должно �лучать��)"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:191
+msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь запи�ать �о�то�ние рабочего каталога"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:229
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot update $ref_stash with $w_commit"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь обновить $ref_stash � помощью $w_commit"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:281
+#, sh-format
+msgid "error: unknown option for 'stash push': $option"
+msgstr "ошибка: неизве�тный параметр дл� «stash push»: $option"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:295
+msgid "Can't use --patch and --include-untracked or --all at the same time"
+msgstr "�ельз� и�пользовать --patch и --include-untracked или --all одновременно"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:303
+msgid "No local changes to save"
+msgstr "�ет локальных изменений дл� �охранени�"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:308
+msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь инициализировать �пр�танные изменени�"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:312
+msgid "Cannot save the current status"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �охранить текущий �тату�"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:313
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Saved working directory and index state $stash_msg"
+msgstr "Рабочий каталог и �о�то�ние индек�а �охранены $stash_msg"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:341
+msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь удалить изменени� рабочего каталога"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:489
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unknown option: $opt"
+msgstr "неизве�тна� опци�: $opt"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:502
+msgid "No stash entries found."
+msgstr "�е найдены �пр�танные изменени�."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:509
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
+msgstr "Передано �лишком много редакций: $REV"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:524
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$reference is not a valid reference"
+msgstr "$reference не �вл�ет�� дей�твительной ��ылкой"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:552
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
+msgstr "«$args» не похоже на коммит �о �пр�танными изменени�ми"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:563
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
+msgstr "«$args» не �вл�ет�� ��ылкой на �пр�танные изменени�"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:571
+msgid "unable to refresh index"
+msgstr "не удало�ь обновить индек�"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:575
+msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
+msgstr "�ельз� применить �пр�танные изменени� во врем� выполнени� �ли�ни�"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:583
+msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
+msgstr "Конфликты в индек�е. Попробуйте без --index."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:585
+msgid "Could not save index tree"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �охранить дерево индек�а"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:594
+msgid "Could not restore untracked files from stash entry"
+msgstr "�евозможно во��тановить неот�леживаемые файлы из �пр�танных изменений"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:619
+msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
+msgstr "�евозможно убрать из индек�а измененные файлы"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:634
+msgid "Index was not unstashed."
+msgstr "Индек� не был извлечён из �пр�танных изменений."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:648
+msgid "The stash entry is kept in case you need it again."
+msgstr "Спр�танные изменени� �охранены, на �лучай е�ли они �нова вам понадоб�т��."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:657
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
+msgstr "Отброшено ${REV} ($s)"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:658
+#, sh-format
+msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
+msgstr "${REV}: �е удало�ь отбро�ить запи�ь из �пр�танных изменений"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:666
+msgid "No branch name specified"
+msgstr "�е указано им� ветки"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:745
+msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
+msgstr "(Чтобы во��тановить их, наберите «git stash apply»)"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:181
+msgid "Relative path can only be used from the toplevel of the working tree"
+msgstr "Отно�ительный путь можно и�пользовать только наход��ь на вершине рабочего каталога"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:191
+#, sh-format
+msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
+msgstr "URL репозитори�: «$repo» должен быть аб�олютным или начинать�� � ./|../"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:210
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
+msgstr "«$sm_path» уже �одержит�� в индек�е"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:213
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index and is not a submodule"
+msgstr "«$sm_path» уже �одержит�� в индек�е и не �вл�ет�� подмодулем"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:219
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"Use -f if you really want to add it."
+msgstr "Следующие пути игнорируют�� одним из ваших файлов .gitignore:\n$sm_path\nИ�пользуйте опцию -f, е�ли вы дей�твительно хотите его добавить."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:237
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
+msgstr "Добавл�ю �уще�твующий репозиторий из «$sm_path» в индек�"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:239
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
+msgstr "«$sm_path» уже �уще�твует и не �вл�ет�� дей�твительным репозиторием git"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:247
+#, sh-format
+msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
+msgstr "Каталог git дл� «$sm_name» найден локально на внешних репозитори�х:"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:249
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo\n"
+"or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' option."
+msgstr "Е�ли вы хотите повторно и�пользовать локальный каталог git вме�то повторного клонировани� из\n  $realrepo\nто и�пользуйте параметр «--force». Е�ли же локальный каталог git не �вл�ет�� нужным репозиторием или е�ли вы не уверены, что �то значит, то укажите другое им� дл� подмодул� � помощью параметра «--name»."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:255
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
+msgstr "Во��тановление локального каталога git дл� подмодул� «$sm_name»."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:267
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь переключить�� на �о�то�ние у подмодул� «$sm_path»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:272
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Сбой добавлени� подмодул� «$sm_path»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:281
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь зареги�трировать подмодуль «$sm_path»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:342
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Entering '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Заходим в «$displaypath»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:362
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopping at '$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgstr "О�танавливаем�� на «$displaypath»; �ценарий вернул не нулевой код возврата."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:433
+#, sh-format
+msgid "pathspec and --all are incompatible"
+msgstr "�пецификатор пути и --all нельз� и�пользовать одновременно"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:438
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Use '--all' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgstr "И�пользуйте «--all», е�ли вы дей�твительно хотите деинициализировать в�е подмодули"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:458
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains a .git directory\n"
+"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr "Рабочий каталог подмодул� «$displaypath» уже �одержит каталог .git\n(и�пользуйте «rm -rf», е�ли вы дей�твительно хотите удалить его �о в�ей и�торией изменений)"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:466
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains local modifications; use '-f' to"
+" discard them"
+msgstr "Рабочий каталог подмодул� «$displaypath» �одержит локальные изменени�; и�пользуйте «-f», чтобы отменить их"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:469
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cleared directory '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Очищен каталог «$displaypath»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:470
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь удалить рабочий каталог подмодул� «$displaypath»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:473
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not create empty submodule directory '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �оздать пу�той каталог подмодул� «$displaypath»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:482
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Подмодуль «$name» ($url) был �н�т � реги�трации по пути «$displaypath»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:637
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь найти текущую редакцию дл� подмодул� по пути «$displaypath»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:647
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь выполнить извлечение дл� подмодул� по пути «$sm_path»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:652
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to find current ${remote_name}/${branch} revision in submodule path "
+"'$sm_path'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь найти текущую редакцию ${remote_name}/${branch} дл� подмодул� по пути «$sm_path»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:670
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь выполнить извлечение дл� подмодул� по пути «$displaypath»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:676
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Fetched in submodule path '$displaypath', but it did not contain $sha1. "
+"Direct fetching of that commit failed."
+msgstr "Получен по пути подмодул� «$displaypath», но не �одержит $sha1. Сбой при пр�мом получении коммита."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:683
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь переключить�� на �о�то�ние «$sha1» дл� подмодул� по пути «$displaypath»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:684
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Подмодуль по пути «$displaypath»: забрано �о�то�ние «$sha1»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:688
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь переме�тить «$sha1» дл� подмодул� по пути «$displaypath»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:689
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Подмодуль по пути «$displaypath»: перемещен над «$sha1»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:694
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь выполнить �ли�ние � «$sha1» дл� подмодул� по пути «$displaypath»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:695
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Подмодуль по пути «$displaypath»: �лито � «$sha1»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:700
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Сбой выполнени� «$command $sha1» дл� подмодул� по пути «$displaypath»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:701
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': '$command $sha1'"
+msgstr "Подмодуль по пути «$displaypath»: «$command $sha1»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:732
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь выполнить рекур�ивно дл� подмодул� по пути «$displaypath»"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:828
+msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
+msgstr "Опцию --cached нельз� и�пользовать одновременно � опцией --files"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:880
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
+msgstr "неизве�тный режим $mod_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:900
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgstr "  Предупреждение: $display_name не �одержит коммит $sha1_src"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:903
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  Предупреждение: $display_name не �одержит коммит $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:906
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  Предупреждение: $display_name не �одержит коммиты $sha1_src и $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:1077
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Синхронизаци� url дл� подмодул� «$displaypath»"
+
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "See git-${cmd}(1) for details."
+msgstr "Дл� дополнительной информации, �мотрите git-${cmd}(1)."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:140
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Rebasing ($new_count/$total)"
+msgstr "Перемещение ($new_count/$total)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:156
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Commands:\n"
+"p, pick = use commit\n"
+"r, reword = use commit, but edit the commit message\n"
+"e, edit = use commit, but stop for amending\n"
+"s, squash = use commit, but meld into previous commit\n"
+"f, fixup = like \"squash\", but discard this commit's log message\n"
+"x, exec = run command (the rest of the line) using shell\n"
+"d, drop = remove commit\n"
+"\n"
+"These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.\n"
+msgstr "\nКоманды:\np, pick = и�пользовать коммит\nr, reword = и�пользовать коммит, но изменить �ообщение коммита\ne, edit = и�пользовать коммит, но о�тановить�� дл� вне�ени� правок\ns, squash = и�пользовать коммит, но объединить его � предыдущим коммитом\nf, fixup = как «squash», но отбро�ить �ообщение �того коммита\nx, exec = выполнить команду (о�таток �троки) � помощью командной оболочки\nd, drop = удалить коммит\n\nЭти �троки могут быть перемещены; выполн�ют�� по очереди �верху вниз.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:171
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Do not remove any line. Use 'drop' explicitly to remove a commit.\n"
+msgstr "\n�е удал�йте �троки. И�пользуйте «drop», чтобы �вно удалить коммит.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:175
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.\n"
+msgstr "\nЕ�ли вы удалите �троку зде�ь, то УК�З���ЫЙ КОММИТ БУДЕТ УТЕРЯ�.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:211
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You can amend the commit now, with\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Once you are satisfied with your changes, run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr "Теперь вы можете и�править коммит � помощью\n\n\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n\nКак только вы будете довольны результатом, запу�тите\n\n\tgit rebase --continue"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:236
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$sha1: not a commit that can be picked"
+msgstr "$sha1: не �вл�ет�� коммитом, который можно вз�ть"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:275
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Invalid commit name: $sha1"
+msgstr "�едопу�тимое им� коммита: $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:317
+msgid "Cannot write current commit's replacement sha1"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь запи�ать замену sha1 текущего коммита"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:369
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "Перемотка вперед до $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:371
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь перемотать вперед до $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:380
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot move HEAD to $first_parent"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь переме�тить HEAD на $first_parent"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:385
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Refusing to squash a merge: $sha1"
+msgstr "�ельз� уплотнить �ли�ние: $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:400
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Error redoing merge $sha1"
+msgstr "Ошибка при повторении �ли�ни� $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:408
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not pick $sha1"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь вз�ть $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:417
+#, sh-format
+msgid "This is the commit message #${n}:"
+msgstr "Это �ообщение коммита номер #${n}:"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:422
+#, sh-format
+msgid "The commit message #${n} will be skipped:"
+msgstr "Сообщение коммита номер #${n} будет пропущено:"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:433
+#, sh-format
+msgid "This is a combination of $count commit."
+msgid_plural "This is a combination of $count commits."
+msgstr[0] "Это объединение $count коммита"
+msgstr[1] "Это объединение $count коммитов"
+msgstr[2] "Это объединение $count коммитов"
+msgstr[3] "Это объединение $count коммитов"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:442
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot write $fixup_msg"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь запи�ать $fixup_msg"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:445
+msgid "This is a combination of 2 commits."
+msgstr "Это объединение 2 коммитов"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:486 git-rebase--interactive.sh:529
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:532
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь применить $sha1… $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:560
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not amend commit after successfully picking $sha1... $rest\n"
+"This is most likely due to an empty commit message, or the pre-commit hook\n"
+"failed. If the pre-commit hook failed, you may need to resolve the issue before\n"
+"you are able to reword the commit."
+msgstr "�е удоло�ь и�править коммит по�ле у�пешного перехода на $sha1… $rest\nЭто произошло, �корее в�его, из-за пу�того �ообщени� коммита или из-за перехватчика перед коммитом. Е�ли же �то произошло из-за перехватчика перед коммитом, то вам нужно решить � ним проблему и повторить попытку �нова."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:575
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopped at $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+msgstr "О�тановлено на $sha1_abbrev… $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:590
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot '$squash_style' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "�ельз� �делать «$squash_style» без указани� предыдущего коммита"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:632
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Executing: $rest"
+msgstr "Выполнение: $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:640
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Execution failed: $rest"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь выполнить: $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:642
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree"
+msgstr "и были �деланы изменени� в индек�е и/или в рабочем каталоге"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:644
+msgid ""
+"You can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr "Вы можете и�править ошибку, а затем запу�тить\n\n\tgit rebase --continue"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: after these lines is a command to be issued by the user
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:657
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Execution succeeded: $rest\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr "У�пешное выполнение: $rest\nно о�тали�ь изменени� в индек�е и/или в рабочем каталоге\nСделайте коммит или �пр�чьте ваши изменени�, а затем выполните\n\n\tgit rebase --continue"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:668
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unknown command: $command $sha1 $rest"
+msgstr "�еопознанна� команда: $command $sha1 $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:669
+msgid "Please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "Пожалуй�та и�правьте �то � помощью «git rebase --edit-todo»."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:704
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Successfully rebased and updated $head_name."
+msgstr "У�пешно перемещён и обновлён $head_name."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:728
+msgid "could not detach HEAD"
+msgstr "не удало�ь отделить HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:763
+msgid "Could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь удалить CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:768
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You have staged changes in your working tree.\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be\n"
+"squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr "У ва� имеют�� проиндек�ированные изменени� в рабочем каталоге.\nЕ�ли �ти изменени� должны быть объеденены � предыдущим коммитом, то запу�тите:\n\n  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n\nЕ�ли же они должны быть помещены в новый коммит, то запу�тите:\n\n  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n\nВ любом �лучае, по�ле того как вы закончите, продолжить перемещение можно выполнив:\n\n  git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:785
+msgid "Error trying to find the author identity to amend commit"
+msgstr "Произошла ошибка при пои�ке автора дл� и�правлени� коммита"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:790
+msgid ""
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr "У ва� имеют�� незакоммиченные изменени� в рабочем каталоге. Сделайте коммит, а затем запу�тите «git rebase --continue» �нова."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:795 git-rebase--interactive.sh:799
+msgid "Could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь закоммитить проиндек�ированные изменени�."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:827
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.\n"
+"To continue rebase after editing, run:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr "\nВы �ейча� редактируете файл �о �пи�ком дел дл� интерактивного перемещени�.\nДл� продолжени� перемещени�, по�ле редактировани� файла запу�тите:\n    git rebase --continue\n\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:835 git-rebase--interactive.sh:995
+msgid "Could not execute editor"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь запу�тить редактор"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:848
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not checkout $switch_to"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь перейти на вер�ию $switch_to"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:853
+msgid "No HEAD?"
+msgstr "�ет указател� HEAD?"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:854
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not create temporary $state_dir"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �оздать временный каталог $state_dir"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:856
+msgid "Could not mark as interactive"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь пометить как интерактивный"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:866 git-rebase--interactive.sh:871
+msgid "Could not init rewritten commits"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь инициализировать перезапи�анные коммиты"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:897
+msgid "Could not generate todo list"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь �генерировать �пи�ок дел"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:973
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount command)"
+msgid_plural "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount commands)"
+msgstr[0] "Перемещение $shortrevisions над $shortonto ($todocount команда)"
+msgstr[1] "Перемещение $shortrevisions над $shortonto ($todocount команды)"
+msgstr[2] "Перемещение $shortrevisions над $shortonto ($todocount команд)"
+msgstr[3] "Перемещение $shortrevisions над $shortonto ($todocount команд)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:978
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"However, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr "\n�о е�ли вы удалите в�е, то проце�� перемещени� будет будет прерван.\n\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:985
+msgid "Note that empty commits are commented out"
+msgstr "Заметьте, что пу�тые коммиты закомментированны"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:89 git-sh-setup.sh:94
+#, sh-format
+msgid "usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+msgstr "и�пользование: $dashless $USAGE"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:190
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot chdir to $cdup, the toplevel of the working tree"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь выполнить chdir в $cdup, вершину рабочего каталога"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:199 git-sh-setup.sh:206
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: $program_name cannot be used without a working tree."
+msgstr "критиче�ка� ошибка: $program_name нельз� и�пользовать не име� рабочего каталога."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:220
+msgid "Cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь выполнить перемещение коммитов: У ва� е�ть непроиндек�ированные изменени�."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:223
+msgid "Cannot rewrite branches: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь выполнить перезапи�ь веток: У ва� е�ть непроиндек�ированные изменени�."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:226
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь получить � перемещением: У ва� е�ть непроиндек�ированные изменени�."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:229
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot $action: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь выполнить $action: У ва� е�ть непроиндек�ированные изменени�."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:242
+msgid "Cannot rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь выполнить перемещение коммитов: В вашем индек�е е�ть незакоммиченные изменени�."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:245
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь получить � перемещением: В вашем индек�е е�ть незакоммиченные изменени�."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:248
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot $action: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь выполнить $action: В вашем индек�е е�ть незакоммиченные изменени�."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:252
+msgid "Additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "К тому же, в вашем индек�е е�ть незакоммиченные изменени�."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:372
+msgid "You need to run this command from the toplevel of the working tree."
+msgstr "Вам нужно запу�кать �ту команду наход��ь на вершине рабочего каталога."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:377
+msgid "Unable to determine absolute path of git directory"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь определить аб�олютный путь к каталогу git"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: you can adjust this to align "git add -i" status menu
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:196
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%12s %12s %s"
+msgstr "%12s %12s %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "staged"
+msgstr "в индек�е"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "unstaged"
+msgstr "не в индек�е"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:246 git-add--interactive.perl:271
+msgid "binary"
+msgstr "двоичный"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:255 git-add--interactive.perl:309
+msgid "nothing"
+msgstr "ничего"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:291 git-add--interactive.perl:306
+msgid "unchanged"
+msgstr "нет изменений"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:602
+#, perl-format
+msgid "added %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "added %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "добавлен %d путь\n"
+msgstr[1] "добавлено %d пути\n"
+msgstr[2] "добавлено %d путей\n"
+msgstr[3] "добавлено %d пути\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:605
+#, perl-format
+msgid "updated %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "updated %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "обновлён %d путь\n"
+msgstr[1] "обновлено %d пути\n"
+msgstr[2] "обновлено %d путей\n"
+msgstr[3] "обновлено %d пути\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:608
+#, perl-format
+msgid "reverted %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "reverted %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "обращены изменени� %d пути\n"
+msgstr[1] "обращены изменени� %d путей\n"
+msgstr[2] "обращены изменени� %d путей\n"
+msgstr[3] "обращены изменени� %d путей\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:611
+#, perl-format
+msgid "touched %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "touched %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "тронут %d путь\n"
+msgstr[1] "тронуты %d пути\n"
+msgstr[2] "тронуты %d путей\n"
+msgstr[3] "тронуты %d пути\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:620
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "Обновить"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:632
+msgid "Revert"
+msgstr "Обратить изменени�"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:655
+#, perl-format
+msgid "note: %s is untracked now.\n"
+msgstr "примечание: %s теперь неот�леживаемый.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:666
+msgid "Add untracked"
+msgstr "Добавить неот�леживаемый"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:672
+msgid "No untracked files.\n"
+msgstr "�ет неот�леживаемых файлов.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:985
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for staging."
+msgstr "Е�ли патч примен�ет�� без ошибок, то изменённый блок будет �разу помечен дл� индек�ировани�."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:988
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for stashing."
+msgstr "Е�ли патч примен�ет�� без ошибок, то изменённый блок будет �разу помечен дл� пр�тань�."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:991
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for unstaging."
+msgstr "Е�ли патч примен�ет�� без ошибок, то изменённый блок будет �разу помечен дл� убирани� из индек�а."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:994 git-add--interactive.perl:1003
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for applying."
+msgstr "Е�ли патч примен�ет�� без ошибок, то изменённый блок будет �разу помечен дл� применени�."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:997 git-add--interactive.perl:1000
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for discarding."
+msgstr "Е�ли патч примен�ет�� без ошибок, то изменённый блок будет �разу помечен дл� отмены изменений."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1013
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for writing: %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть файл редактировани� блока изменений дл� запи�и: %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1014
+msgid "Manual hunk edit mode -- see bottom for a quick guide.\n"
+msgstr "Ручной режим редактировани� блока изменений — �мотрите ниже дл� небольшого руковод�тва.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1020
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"---\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, delete them.\n"
+"Lines starting with %s will be removed.\n"
+msgstr "---\nЧтобы удалить «%s» �троки, �делайте их ' ' �троками (контек�т).\nЧтобы удалить «%s» �троки, удалите их.\nСтроки, начинающие�� � %s будут удалены.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: 'it' refers to the patch mentioned in the previous messages.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1028
+msgid ""
+"If it does not apply cleanly, you will be given an opportunity to\n"
+"edit again.  If all lines of the hunk are removed, then the edit is\n"
+"aborted and the hunk is left unchanged.\n"
+msgstr "Е�ли патч не примен�ет�� без ошибок, вам будет дана\nвозможно�ть изменить его �нова. Е�ли в�е �троки блока\nизменений удалены, то редактирование будет отменено\nи блок о�танет�� без изменений.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1042
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for reading: %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть файл редактировани� блока изменений дл� чтени�: %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: do not translate [y/n]
+#. The program will only accept that input
+#. at this point.
+#. Consider translating (saying "no" discards!) as
+#. (saying "n" for "no" discards!) if the translation
+#. of the word "no" does not start with n.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1134
+msgid ""
+"Your edited hunk does not apply. Edit again (saying \"no\" discards!) [y/n]?"
+" "
+msgstr "Изменённый вами блок не примен�ет��. Редактировать �нова (ответ «y» означает «нет»!) [y/n]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1143
+msgid ""
+"y - stage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr "y - проиндек�ировать блок изменений\nn - не индек�ировать �тот блок изменений\nq - выход; не индек�ировать �тот и по�ледующие блоки\na - проиндек�ировать �тот и в�е по�ледующие блоки файла\nd - не индек�ировать �тот и по�ледующие блоки файла"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1149
+msgid ""
+"y - stash this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stash this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stash this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stash this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stash this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr "y - �пр�тать изменени� блока\nq - выход; не пр�тать изменени� �того и по�ледующих блоков\na - �пр�тать �тот и в�е по�ледующие блоки файла\nd - не пр�тать �тот и по�ледующие блоки файла"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1155
+msgid ""
+"y - unstage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not unstage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not unstage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - unstage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not unstage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr "y - убрать из индек�а �тот блок изменений\nn - не убирать из индек�а �тот блок изменений\nq - выход; не убирать из индек�а �тот и по�ледующие блоки\na - убрать из индек�а �тот и в�е по�ледующие блоки файла\nd - не убирать из индек�а �тот и по�ледующие блоки файла"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1161
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr "y - применить блок изменений к индек�у\nn - не примен�ть �тот блок изменений к индек�у\nq - выход; не примен�ть �тот и по�ледующие блоки\na - применить �тот блок и в�е по�ледующие блоки файла\nd - не примен�ть �тот и по�ледующие блоки файла"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1167
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr "y - отменить изменени� �того блока в рабочем каталоге\nn - не отмен�ть изменени� �того блока в рабочем каталоге\nq - выход; не отмен�ть изменени� �того блока и в�ех по�ледующих\na - отменить изменени� �того и в�ех по�ледующих блоков файла\nd - не отмен�ть изменени� �того и в�ех по�ледующих блоков файла"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1173
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr "y - отменить изменени� �того блока в индек�е и рабочем каталоге\nn - не отмен�ть изменени� �того блока в индек�е и рабочем каталоге\nq - выход; не отмен�ть изменени� �того блока и в�ех по�ледующих\na - отменить изменени� �того и в�ех по�ледующих блоков файла\nd - не отмен�ть изменени� �того и в�ех по�ледующих блоков файла"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1179
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr "y - применить блок изменений к индек�у и рабочему каталогу\nn - не примен�ть �тот блок изменений к индек�у и рабочему каталогу\nq - выход; не примен�ть �тот и по�ледующие блоки\na - применить �тот блок и в�е по�ледующие блоки файла\nd - не примен�ть �тот и по�ледующие блоки файла"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1188
+msgid ""
+"g - select a hunk to go to\n"
+"/ - search for a hunk matching the given regex\n"
+"j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk\n"
+"J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk\n"
+"k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk\n"
+"K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk\n"
+"s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks\n"
+"e - manually edit the current hunk\n"
+"? - print help\n"
+msgstr "g - выбрать блок изменений на который нужно перейти\n/ - пои�к блока изменений � помощью регул�рного выражени�\nj - не принимать решение по �тому блоку, перейти на �ледующий без решени�\nJ - не принимать решение по �тому блоку, перейти на �ледующий\nk - не принимать решение по �тому блоку, перейти на предыдущий без решени�\nK - не принимать решение по �тому блоку, перейти на предыдущий\ns - разделить текущий блок на блоки меньшего размера\ne - вручную отредактировать текущий блок\n? - выве�ти �правку\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1219
+msgid "The selected hunks do not apply to the index!\n"
+msgstr "Выбранные блоки не примен�ют�� без ошибок к индек�у!\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1220
+msgid "Apply them to the worktree anyway? "
+msgstr "В�е равно применить их к рабочему каталогу?"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1223
+msgid "Nothing was applied.\n"
+msgstr "�ичего не применено.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1234
+#, perl-format
+msgid "ignoring unmerged: %s\n"
+msgstr "игнорирую не �литое: %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1243
+msgid "Only binary files changed.\n"
+msgstr "Только изменени� двоичных файлов.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1245
+msgid "No changes.\n"
+msgstr "�ет изменений.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1253
+msgid "Patch update"
+msgstr "Обновление патча"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1305
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage mode change [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Проиндек�ировать изменение режима до�тупа [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1306
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage deletion [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Проиндек�ировать удаление [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1307
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Проиндек�ировать �тот блок изменений [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1310
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash mode change [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Спр�тать изменение режима до�тупа [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1311
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash deletion [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Спр�тать удаление файла [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1312
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash this hunk [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Спр�тать �тот блок изменений [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1315
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage mode change [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Убрать изменени� режима до�тупа из индек�а [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1316
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage deletion [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Убрать удаление из индек�а [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1317
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Убрать из индек�а �тот блок измений [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1320
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Применить изменение режима до�тупа к индек�у [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1321
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Применить удаление к индек�у [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1322
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Применить �тот блок к индек�у [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1325
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Отменить изменени� режима до�тупа в рабочем каталоге [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1326
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Отменить удаление в рабочем каталоге [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1327
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Отменить изменени� �того блока в рабочем каталоге [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1330
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Отменить изменени� режима до�тупа в индек�е и рабочем каталоге [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1331
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Отменить удаление в индек�е и рабочем каталоге [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1332
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Отменить изменени� �того блока в индек�е и рабочем каталоге [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1335
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Применить изменени� режима до�тупа к индек�у и рабочему каталогу [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1336
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Применить удаление к индек�у и рабочему каталогу [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1337
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Применить изменени� �того блока к индек�у и рабочему каталогу [y,n,q,a,d,/%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1440
+msgid "go to which hunk (<ret> to see more)? "
+msgstr "на какой блок перейти (нажмите <ввод> чтобы увидеть еще)? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1442
+msgid "go to which hunk? "
+msgstr "на какой блок перейти? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1451
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Invalid number: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "�еверный номер: «%s»\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1456
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sorry, only %d hunk available.\n"
+msgid_plural "Sorry, only %d hunks available.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Про�тите, но только %d блок изменений до�тупен.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Про�тите, но только %d блока изменений до�тупно.\n"
+msgstr[2] "Про�тите, но только %d блоков изменений до�тупно.\n"
+msgstr[3] "Про�тите, но только %d блока изменений до�тупно.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1482
+msgid "search for regex? "
+msgstr "и�кать � помощью регул�рного выражени�? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1495
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Malformed search regexp %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "Регул�рное выражение дл� пои�ка в неверном формате %s: %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1505
+msgid "No hunk matches the given pattern\n"
+msgstr "�е найдены блоки, которые �оответ�твуют указанному шаблону\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1517 git-add--interactive.perl:1539
+msgid "No previous hunk\n"
+msgstr "�ет предыдущего блока\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1526 git-add--interactive.perl:1545
+msgid "No next hunk\n"
+msgstr "�е �ледующего блока\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1553
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Split into %d hunk.\n"
+msgid_plural "Split into %d hunks.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Разбито на %d блок изменений.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Разбито на %d блока изменений.\n"
+msgstr[2] "Разбито на %d блоков изменений.\n"
+msgstr[3] "Разбито на %d блока изменений.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1605
+msgid "Review diff"
+msgstr "Про�мотреть изменени�"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please do not translate the command names
+#. 'status', 'update', 'revert', etc.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1624
+msgid ""
+"status        - show paths with changes\n"
+"update        - add working tree state to the staged set of changes\n"
+"revert        - revert staged set of changes back to the HEAD version\n"
+"patch         - pick hunks and update selectively\n"
+"diff          - view diff between HEAD and index\n"
+"add untracked - add contents of untracked files to the staged set of changes\n"
+msgstr "status        - показать пути � изменени�ми\nupdate        - добавить �о�то�ние рабочего каталога индек�\nrevert        - вернуть проиндек�ированный набор изменений к HEAD вер�ии\npatch         - выбрать и выборочно обновить блоки\ndiff          - про�мотреть различи� между HEAD и индек�ом\nadd untracked - добавить �одержимое неот�леживаемых файлов в индек�\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1641 git-add--interactive.perl:1646
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1649 git-add--interactive.perl:1656
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1660 git-add--interactive.perl:1666
+msgid "missing --"
+msgstr "от�ут�твует --"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1662
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unknown --patch mode: %s"
+msgstr "неизве�тный режим дл� --patch: %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1668 git-add--interactive.perl:1674
+#, perl-format
+msgid "invalid argument %s, expecting --"
+msgstr "недопу�тимый аргумент %s, ожидает�� --"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:126
+msgid "local zone differs from GMT by a non-minute interval\n"
+msgstr "локальный ча�овой по�� отличает�� от GMT на не минутный интервал\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:133 git-send-email.perl:139
+msgid "local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n"
+msgstr "локальный �двиг времени больше или равен 24 ча�а\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:207 git-send-email.perl:213
+msgid "the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything"
+msgstr "редактор был завершен � ошибкой, отмен�ю в�ё"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:290
+#, perl-format
+msgid "'%s' contains an intermediate version of the email you were composing.\n"
+msgstr "«%s» �одержит промежуточную вер�ию пи�ьма, которое вы готовите.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:295
+#, perl-format
+msgid "'%s.final' contains the composed email.\n"
+msgstr "«%s.final» �одержит подготовленное пи�ьмо.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:313
+msgid "--dump-aliases incompatible with other options\n"
+msgstr "--dump-aliases не �овме�тимо � другими опци�ми\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:378 git-send-email.perl:629
+msgid "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+msgstr "�ельз� запу�кать git format-patch вне репозитори�\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:447
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --suppress-cc field: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "�еизве�тное поле --suppress-cc: «%s»\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:476
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --confirm setting: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "�еизве�тный параметр --confirm: «%s»\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:504
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail alias with quotes is not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "предупреждение: �окращение дл� sendmail � кавычками не поддерживает��: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:506
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `:include:` not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "предупреждение: «:include:» не поддерживает��: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:508
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `/file` or `|pipe` redirection not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "предупреждение: перенаправление «/file» или «|pipe» не поддерживает��: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:513
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail line is not recognized: %s\n"
+msgstr "предупреждение: �трока sendmail не ра�познана: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:595
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"File '%s' exists but it could also be the range of commits\n"
+"to produce patches for.  Please disambiguate by...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * Saying \"./%s\" if you mean a file; or\n"
+"    * Giving --format-patch option if you mean a range.\n"
+msgstr "Файл «%s» �уще�твует, но �то также может быть и\nдиапазоном коммитов дл� которых нужно �делать патчи. \nУ�траните неоднозначно�ть…\n\n    * Указав \"./%s\" е�ли вы имеете в виду им� файла; или\n    * Передав опцию --format-patch е�ли вы имеете в виду диапазон коммитов.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:616
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to opendir %s: %s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь выполнить opendir %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:640
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"fatal: %s: %s\n"
+"warning: no patches were sent\n"
+msgstr "критиче�ка� ошибка: %s: %s\nпредупреждение: патчи не были отправлены\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:651
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"No patch files specified!\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr "\nФайл � патчем не указан!\n\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:664
+#, perl-format
+msgid "No subject line in %s?"
+msgstr "�ет �троки � темой в %s?"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:674
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open for writing %s: %s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь открыть дл� запи�и %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:684
+msgid ""
+"Lines beginning in \"GIT:\" will be removed.\n"
+"Consider including an overall diffstat or table of contents\n"
+"for the patch you are writing.\n"
+"\n"
+"Clear the body content if you don't wish to send a summary.\n"
+msgstr "Строки, начинающие�� � «GIT:» будут удалены.\nВозможно будет полезно включить �тати�тику добавлений\nи удалений или таблицу �одержимого в патч, который вы пишете.\n\nОчи�тите �одержимое, е�ли вы не хотите отправл�ть пи�ьмо � краткой информацией.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:707
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s.final: %s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь открыть %s.final: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:710
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s: %s"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь открыть %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:745
+msgid "To/Cc/Bcc fields are not interpreted yet, they have been ignored\n"
+msgstr "Пол� To/Cc/Bcc пока еще не обрабатывают�� и будут проигнорированы\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:754
+msgid "Summary email is empty, skipping it\n"
+msgstr "Пи�ьмо � краткой информацией пу�тое, попу�каю его\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep [y/N] as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:786
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to use <%s> [y/N]? "
+msgstr "Вы уверены, что хотите и�пользовать <%s> [y/N]? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:815
+msgid ""
+"The following files are 8bit, but do not declare a Content-Transfer-"
+"Encoding.\n"
+msgstr "Следующие файлы 8 битные, но не �одержат Content-Transfer-Encoding.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:820
+msgid "Which 8bit encoding should I declare [UTF-8]? "
+msgstr "Какую 8 битную кодировку нужно указать [UTF-8]? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:828
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"Refusing to send because the patch\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"has the template subject '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. Pass --force if you really want to send.\n"
+msgstr "Отказываю�ь отправить, т.к. патч\n\t%s\n�одержит шаблонный заголовок «*** SUBJECT HERE ***». Укажите параметр --force, е�ли вы  дей�твительно хотите отправить его.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:847
+msgid "To whom should the emails be sent (if anyone)?"
+msgstr "Кому должны быть отправлены пи�ьма (е�ли нужно)?"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:865
+#, perl-format
+msgid "fatal: alias '%s' expands to itself\n"
+msgstr "критиче�ка� ошибка: �окращение «%s» ра�крывает�� �амо в �еб�\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:877
+msgid "Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email (if any)? "
+msgstr "Message-ID который нужно и�пользовать в поле In-Reply-To дл� первого пи�ьма (е�ли нужно)? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:929 git-send-email.perl:937
+#, perl-format
+msgid "error: unable to extract a valid address from: %s\n"
+msgstr "ошибка: не удало�ь выделить дей�твительный адре� из: %s\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [q] [d] [e] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:941
+msgid "What to do with this address? ([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit): "
+msgstr "Что нужно �делать � �тим адре�ом? ([q] - выход|[d] - отбро�ить|[e] - редактировать): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1262
+#, perl-format
+msgid "CA path \"%s\" does not exist"
+msgstr "путь CA «%s» не �уще�твует"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1337
+msgid ""
+"    The Cc list above has been expanded by additional\n"
+"    addresses found in the patch commit message. By default\n"
+"    send-email prompts before sending whenever this occurs.\n"
+"    This behavior is controlled by the sendemail.confirm\n"
+"    configuration setting.\n"
+"\n"
+"    For additional information, run 'git send-email --help'.\n"
+"    To retain the current behavior, but squelch this message,\n"
+"    run 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr "    Спи�ок Cc (получателей копии пи�ьма) был ра�ширен дополнительными\n    адре�ами, найденными в �ообщении коммита патча. По умолчанию\n    send-email пере�пашивает перед отправкой, когда она прои�ходит.\n   Это поведение может быть изменено параметром файла конфигурации\n    sendemail.confirm.\n\n    Дл� дополнительной информации, запу�тите «git send-email --help».\n    Чтобы о�тавить текущее поведение, но �крыть �то �ообщение,\n    запу�тите «git config --global sendemail.confirm auto».\n\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y] [n] [q] [a] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1352
+msgid "Send this email? ([y]es|[n]o|[q]uit|[a]ll): "
+msgstr "Отправить �то пи�ьмо? ([y] - да|[n] - нет|[q] - выход|[a] - в�е): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1355
+msgid "Send this email reply required"
+msgstr "Отправка �того ответа на пи�ьмо об�зательна"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1381
+msgid "The required SMTP server is not properly defined."
+msgstr "Требуемый SMTP �ервер не был правильно объ�влен."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1428
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Server does not support STARTTLS! %s"
+msgstr "Сервер не поддерживает STARTTLS! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1433 git-send-email.perl:1437
+#, perl-format
+msgid "STARTTLS failed! %s"
+msgstr "Ошибка STARTTLS! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1447
+msgid "Unable to initialize SMTP properly. Check config and use --smtp-debug."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь инициализировать SMTP. Проверьте ваши на�тройки и попробуйте запу�тить в параметром --smtp-debug."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1465
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to send %s\n"
+msgstr "�е удало�ь отправить %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1468
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Dry-Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "Имитаци� отправки %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1468
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "Отправлено %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1470
+msgid "Dry-OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "Имитаци� OK. Журнал �одержит:\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1470
+msgid "OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "OK. Журнал �одержит:\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1482
+msgid "Result: "
+msgstr "Результат: "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1485
+msgid "Result: OK\n"
+msgstr "Результат: OK\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1498
+#, perl-format
+msgid "can't open file %s"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть файл %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1545 git-send-email.perl:1565
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) Добавление cc: %s �о �троки «%s»\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1551
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding to: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) Добавление to: %s �о �троки «%s»\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1599
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(non-mbox) Добавление cc: %s �о �троки «%s»\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1624
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(body) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(body) Добавление cc: %s �о �троки «%s»\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1730
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Could not execute '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) �е удало�ь выполнить «%s»"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1737
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Adding %s: %s from: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(%s) Добавление %s: %s из: «%s»\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1741
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) failed to close pipe to '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) не удало�ь закрыть поток к «%s»"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1768
+msgid "cannot send message as 7bit"
+msgstr "не удало�ь отправить �ообщение в 7 битной кодировке"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1776
+msgid "invalid transfer encoding"
+msgstr "недопу�тима� кодировка передачи"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1814 git-send-email.perl:1865 git-send-email.perl:1875
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unable to open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "не удало�ь открыть %s: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1817
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%s: patch contains a line longer than 998 characters"
+msgstr "%s: патч �одержит �троку длиннее чем 998 �имволов"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1833
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Skipping %s with backup suffix '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "Пропу�каю %s � окончанием резервной копии «%s».\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep "[y|N]" as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1837
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Do you really want to send %s? [y|N]: "
+msgstr "Вы дей�твительно хотите отправить %s? [y - да|N - нет]: "
diff --git a/po/sv.po b/po/sv.po
index 0440443132..502a32d7e7 100644
--- a/po/sv.po
+++ b/po/sv.po
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 # Swedish translations for Git.
-# Copyright (C) 2010-2015 Peter krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>
+# Copyright (C) 2010-2018 Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
-# Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015.
+# Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018.
 #
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
-"Project-Id-Version: git 2.0.0\n"
+"Project-Id-Version: git 2.18.0\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-01-21 14:21+0800\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-01-21 14:57+0800\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-06-08 09:03+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-06-08 22:53+0100\n"
 "Last-Translator: Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>\n"
 "Language-Team: Swedish <tp-sv@listor.tp-sv.se>\n"
 "Language: sv\n"
@@ -16,13 +16,49 @@ msgstr ""
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+"X-Generator: Gtranslator 2.91.7\n"
 
-#: advice.c:55
+#: advice.c:92
 #, c-format
-msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
-msgstr "tips: %.*s\n"
+msgid "%shint: %.*s%s\n"
+msgstr "%stips: %.*s%s\n"
 
-#: advice.c:88
+#: advice.c:137
+msgid "Cherry-picking is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Du kan inte utföra en cherry-pick eftersom du har filer som inte slagits "
+"samman."
+
+#: advice.c:139
+msgid "Committing is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Du kan inte utföra en incheckning eftersom du har filer som inte slagits "
+"samman."
+
+#: advice.c:141
+msgid "Merging is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Du kan inte utföra en sammanslagning eftersom du har filer som inte slagits "
+"samman."
+
+#: advice.c:143
+msgid "Pulling is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Du kan inte utföra en \"pull\" eftersom du har filer som inte slagits samman."
+
+#: advice.c:145
+msgid "Reverting is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Du kan inte utföra en \"revert\" eftersom du har filer som inte slagits "
+"samman."
+
+#: advice.c:147
+#, c-format
+msgid "It is not possible to %s because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Du kan inte utföra en \"%s\" eftersom du har filer som inte slagits samman."
+
+#: advice.c:155
 msgid ""
 "Fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
 "as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
@@ -30,99 +66,801 @@ msgstr ""
 "Rätta dem i din arbetskatalog och använd sedan \"git add/rm <fil>\"\n"
 "som lämpligt för att ange lösning och checka in."
 
-#: archive.c:11
-msgid "git archive [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
-msgstr "git archive [flaggor] <träd-igt> [<sökväg>...]"
+#: advice.c:163
+msgid "Exiting because of an unresolved conflict."
+msgstr "Avslutar på grund av olöst konflikgt."
+
+#: advice.c:168 builtin/merge.c:1250
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "Du har inte avslutat sammanslagningen (MERGE_HEAD finns)."
+
+#: advice.c:170
+msgid "Please, commit your changes before merging."
+msgstr "Checka in dina ändringar innan du utför sammanslagningen."
+
+#: advice.c:171
+msgid "Exiting because of unfinished merge."
+msgstr "Avslutar på grund av ofullbordad sammanslagning."
+
+#: advice.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Note: checking out '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental\n"
+"changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this\n"
+"state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may\n"
+"do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Observera: checkar ut \"%s\".\n"
+"\n"
+"Du har nu ett \"frånkopplat HEAD\". Du kan se dig omkring, experimentera\n"
+"med ändringar och checka in dem, och du kan kasta incheckningar du gör\n"
+"i det här läget utan att det påverkar grenar genom att checka ut på\n"
+"nytt.\n"
+"\n"
+"Om du vill skapa en ny gren för att behålla ändringarna du skapar, kan\n"
+"du göra det (nu eller senare) genom att använda checkout-kommandot igen\n"
+"med -b. Till exempel:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <namn-på-ny-gren>\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: apply.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr "okänt alternativ för whitespace: \"%s\""
+
+#: apply.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr "okänt alternativ för ignore-whitespace: \"%s\""
+
+#: apply.c:122
+msgid "--reject and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--reject och --3way kan inte användas samtidigt."
+
+#: apply.c:124
+msgid "--cached and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--cached och --3way kan inte användas samtidigt."
+
+#: apply.c:127
+msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+msgstr "--3way utanför arkiv"
+
+#: apply.c:138
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr "--index utanför arkiv"
+
+#: apply.c:141
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr "--cached utanför arkiv"
+
+#: apply.c:821
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr "Kan inte förbereda reguljärt uttryck för tidsstämpeln %s"
+
+#: apply.c:830
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr "regexec returnerade %d för indata: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:904
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr "kan inte hitta filnamn i patchen på rad %d"
+
+#: apply.c:942
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: dålig git-diff - förväntade /dev/null, fick %s på rad %d"
+
+#: apply.c:948
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: dålig git-diff - motsägande nytt filnamn på rad %d"
+
+#: apply.c:949
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: dålig git-diff - motsägande gammalt filnamn på rad %d"
+
+#: apply.c:954
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: dålig git-diff - förväntade /dev/null på rad %d"
+
+#: apply.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid mode on line %d: %s"
+msgstr "ogiltigt läge på rad %d: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:1301
+#, c-format
+msgid "inconsistent header lines %d and %d"
+msgstr "huvudet är inkonsekvent mellan rad %d och %d"
+
+#: apply.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr "recount: förväntade rad: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1542
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "patch-fragment utan huvud på rad %d: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1562
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"git-diff-huvudet saknar filnamnsinformation när %d ledande sökvägskomponent\n"
+"tas bort (rad %d)"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"git-diff-huvudet saknar filnamnsinformation när %d ledande "
+"sökvägskomponenter\n"
+"tas bort (rad %d)"
+
+#: apply.c:1575
+#, c-format
+msgid "git diff header lacks filename information (line %d)"
+msgstr "git-diff-huvudet saknar filnamnsinformation (rad %d)"
+
+#: apply.c:1763
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr "ny fil beror på gammalt innehåll"
+
+#: apply.c:1765
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr "borttagen fil har fortfarande innehåll"
+
+#: apply.c:1799
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr "trasig patch på rad %d"
+
+#: apply.c:1836
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr "nya filen %s beror på gammalt innehåll"
+
+#: apply.c:1838
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr "borttagna filen %s har fortfarande innehåll"
+
+#: apply.c:1841
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr "** varning: filen %s blir tom men har inte tagits bort"
+
+#: apply.c:1988
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "trasig binärpatch på rad %d: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:2025
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr "binärpatchen på rad %d känns inte igen"
+
+#: apply.c:2185
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr "patch med bara skräp på rad %d"
+
+#: apply.c:2271
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa symboliska länken %s"
+
+#: apply.c:2275
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte öppna eller läsa %s"
+
+#: apply.c:2934
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr "felaktig inledning på rad: \"%c\""
+
+#: apply.c:3055
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] "Stycke %d lyckades på %d (offset %d rad)."
+msgstr[1] "Stycke %d lyckades på %d (offset %d rader)."
+
+#: apply.c:3067
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr "Sammanhang reducerat till (%ld/%ld) för att tillämpa fragment vid %d"
+
+#: apply.c:3073
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+"vid sökning efter:\n"
+"%.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:3095
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr "saknar binära patchdata för \"%s\""
+
+#: apply.c:3103
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot reverse-apply a binary patch without the reverse hunk to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"kan inte applicera en binärpatch baklänges utan den omvända patchen för \"%s"
+"\""
+
+#: apply.c:3149
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot apply binary patch to '%s' without full index line"
+msgstr ""
+"kan inte applicera binärpatch på \"%s\" utan den fullständiga indexraden"
+
+#: apply.c:3159
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the patch applies to '%s' (%s), which does not match the current contents."
+msgstr ""
+"patchen appliceras på \"%s\" (%s), som inte motsvarar det nuvarande "
+"innehållet."
+
+#: apply.c:3167
+#, c-format
+msgid "the patch applies to an empty '%s' but it is not empty"
+msgstr "patchen appliceras på en tom \"%s\", men den är inte tom"
+
+#: apply.c:3185
+#, c-format
+msgid "the necessary postimage %s for '%s' cannot be read"
+msgstr "nödvändig efterbild %s för \"%s\" kan inte läsas"
+
+#: apply.c:3198
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr "binärpatchen kan inte tillämpas på \"%s\""
+
+#: apply.c:3204
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr "binärpatchen på \"%s\" ger felaktigt resultat (förväntade %s, fick %s)"
+
+#: apply.c:3225
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr "patch misslyckades: %s:%ld"
+
+#: apply.c:3347
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgstr "kan inte checka ut %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3396 apply.c:3407 apply.c:3453 setup.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read %s"
+msgstr "misslyckades läsa %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3404
+#, c-format
+msgid "reading from '%s' beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "läser från \"%s\" som är på andra sidan av en symbolisk länk"
+
+#: apply.c:3433 apply.c:3673
+#, c-format
+msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr "sökvägen %s har ändrat namn/tagits bort"
+
+#: apply.c:3516 apply.c:3687
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr "%s: finns inte i indexet"
+
+#: apply.c:3525 apply.c:3695
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr "%s: motsvarar inte indexet"
+
+#: apply.c:3560
+msgid "repository lacks the necessary blob to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+"arkivet saknar objekt som behövs för att falla tillbaka på 3-"
+"vägssammanslagning."
+
+#: apply.c:3563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Falling back to three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "Faller tillbaka på trevägssammanslagning...\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3579 apply.c:3583
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read the current contents of '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa aktuellt innehåll i \"%s\""
+
+#: apply.c:3595
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fall back on three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "Misslyckades falla tillbaka på trevägssammanslagning...\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3609
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' with conflicts.\n"
+msgstr "Applicerade patchen på \"%s\" med konflikter.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3614
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' cleanly.\n"
+msgstr "Tillämpade patchen på  \"%s\" rent.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3640
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr "patch för borttagning lämnar kvar filinnehåll"
+
+#: apply.c:3712
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr "%s: fel typ"
+
+#: apply.c:3714
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr "%s har typen %o, förväntade %o"
+
+#: apply.c:3864 apply.c:3866
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid path '%s'"
+msgstr "ogiltig sökväg �%s�"
+
+#: apply.c:3922
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr "%s: finns redan i indexet"
+
+#: apply.c:3925
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr "%s: finns redan i arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: apply.c:3945
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr "nytt läge (%o) för %s motsvarar inte gammalt läge (%o)"
+
+#: apply.c:3950
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr "nytt läge (%o) för %s motsvarar inte gammalt läge (%o) för %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3970
+#, c-format
+msgid "affected file '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "den berörda filen \"%s\" är på andra sidan av en symbolisk länk"
+
+#: apply.c:3974
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr "%s: patchen kan inte tillämpas"
+
+#: apply.c:3989
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr "Kontrollerar patchen %s..."
+
+#: apply.c:4080
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless for submodule %s"
+msgstr "sha1-informationen saknas eller är oanvändbar för undermodulen %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4087
+#, c-format
+msgid "mode change for %s, which is not in current HEAD"
+msgstr "nytt läge för %s, som inte finns i nuvarande HEAD"
+
+#: apply.c:4090
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless (%s)."
+msgstr "sha1-informationen saknas eller är oanvändbar (%s)."
+
+#: apply.c:4095 builtin/checkout.c:235 builtin/reset.c:140
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "make_cache_entry misslyckades för sökvägen \"%s\""
+
+#: apply.c:4099
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not add %s to temporary index"
+msgstr "kunde inte lägga till %s till temporärt index"
 
-#: archive.c:12
+#: apply.c:4109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write temporary index to %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva temporärt index till %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4247
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr "kan inte ta bort %s från indexet"
+
+#: apply.c:4282
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
+msgstr "trasig patch för undermodulen %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4288
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte ta status på nyligen skapade filen \"%s\""
+
+#: apply.c:4296
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr "kan inte skapa säkerhetsminne för nyligen skapade filen %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4302 apply.c:4446
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr "kan inte lägga till cachepost för %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4343
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to write to '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades skriva till \"%s\""
+
+#: apply.c:4347
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr "stänger filen \"%s\""
+
+#: apply.c:4417
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr "kan inte skriva filen \"%s\" läge %o"
+
+#: apply.c:4515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr "Tillämpade patchen %s rent."
+
+#: apply.c:4523
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr "internt fel"
+
+#: apply.c:4526
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] "Tillämpade patchen %%s med %d refuserad..."
+msgstr[1] "Tillämpade patchen %%s med %d refuserade..."
+
+#: apply.c:4537
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr "trunkerar .rej-filnamnet till %.*s.rej"
+
+#: apply.c:4545 builtin/fetch.c:786 builtin/fetch.c:1036
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s"
+msgstr "kan inte öppna %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4559
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr "Stycke %d tillämpades rent."
+
+#: apply.c:4563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr "Refuserar stycke %d."
+
+#: apply.c:4673
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped patch '%s'."
+msgstr "Ignorerar patch \"%s\"."
+
+#: apply.c:4681
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr "indata känns inte igen"
+
+#: apply.c:4700
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr "kan inte läsa indexfilen"
+
+#: apply.c:4837
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s': %s"
+msgstr "kan inte öppna patchen \"%s\": %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4864
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] "undertryckte %d fel i blanksteg"
+msgstr[1] "undertryckte %d fel i blanksteg"
+
+#: apply.c:4870 apply.c:4885
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d rad lägger till fel i blanksteg."
+msgstr[1] "%d rader lägger till fel i blanksteg."
+
+#: apply.c:4878
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d rad applicerade efter att ha rättat fel i blanksteg."
+msgstr[1] "%d rader applicerade efter att ha rättat fel i blanksteg."
+
+#: apply.c:4894 builtin/add.c:538 builtin/mv.c:300 builtin/rm.c:389
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "Kunde inte skriva ny indexfil"
+
+#: apply.c:4921 apply.c:4924 builtin/am.c:2254 builtin/am.c:2257
+#: builtin/clone.c:120 builtin/fetch.c:126 builtin/pull.c:198
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:405 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1210
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1213 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1584
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1587 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1807
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "path"
+msgstr "sökväg"
+
+#: apply.c:4922
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "tillämpa inte ändringar som motsvarar given sökväg"
+
+#: apply.c:4925
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "tillämpa ändringar som motsvarar given sökväg"
+
+#: apply.c:4927 builtin/am.c:2263
+msgid "num"
+msgstr "antal"
+
+#: apply.c:4928
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr "ta bort <antal> inledande snedstreck från traditionella diff-sökvägar"
+
+#: apply.c:4931
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr "ignorera tillägg gjorda av patchen"
+
+#: apply.c:4933
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr "istället för att tillämpa patchen, skriv ut diffstat för indata"
+
+#: apply.c:4937
+msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr "visa antal tillagda och borttagna rader decimalt"
+
+#: apply.c:4939
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr "istället för att tillämpa patchen, skriv ut en summering av indata"
+
+#: apply.c:4941
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr "istället för att tillämpa patchen, se om patchen kan tillämpas"
+
+#: apply.c:4943
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr "se till att patchen kan tillämpas på aktuellt index"
+
+#: apply.c:4945
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr "tillämpa en patch utan att röra arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: apply.c:4947
+msgid "accept a patch that touches outside the working area"
+msgstr "godta en patch som rör filer utanför arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: apply.c:4950
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr "tillämpa också patchen (använd med --stat/--summary/--check)"
+
+#: apply.c:4952
+msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+msgstr "försök en trevägssammanslagning om patchen inte kan tillämpas"
+
+#: apply.c:4954
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr "bygg ett temporärt index baserat på inbyggd indexinformation"
+
+#: apply.c:4957 builtin/checkout-index.c:168 builtin/ls-files.c:515
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr "sökvägar avdelas med NUL-tecken"
+
+#: apply.c:4959
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr "se till att åtminstone <n> rader sammanhang är lika"
+
+#: apply.c:4960 builtin/am.c:2242 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:95
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:97 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:99
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3177
+msgid "action"
+msgstr "åtgärd"
+
+#: apply.c:4961
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr "detektera nya eller ändrade rader som har fel i blanktecken"
+
+#: apply.c:4964 apply.c:4967
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr "ignorera ändringar i blanktecken för sammanhang"
+
+#: apply.c:4970
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr "tillämpa patchen baklänges"
+
+#: apply.c:4972
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr "förvänta inte minst en rad sammanhang"
+
+#: apply.c:4974
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr "lämna refuserade stycken i motsvarande *.rej-filer"
+
+#: apply.c:4976
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr "tillåt överlappande stycken"
+
+#: apply.c:4977 builtin/add.c:290 builtin/check-ignore.c:21
+#: builtin/commit.c:1301 builtin/count-objects.c:98 builtin/fsck.c:666
+#: builtin/log.c:1901 builtin/mv.c:122 builtin/read-tree.c:124
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr "var pratsam"
+
+#: apply.c:4979
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr "tolerera felaktigt detekterade saknade nyradstecken vid filslut"
+
+#: apply.c:4982
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr "lite inte på antalet linjer i styckehuvuden"
+
+#: apply.c:4984 builtin/am.c:2251
+msgid "root"
+msgstr "rot"
+
+#: apply.c:4985
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr "lägg till <rot> i alla filnamn"
+
+#: archive.c:13
+msgid "git archive [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git archive [<flaggor>] <träd-igt> [<sökväg>...]"
+
+#: archive.c:14
 msgid "git archive --list"
 msgstr "git archive --list"
 
-#: archive.c:13
+#: archive.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git archive --remote <arkiv> [--exec <kmd>] [flaggor] <träd-igt> "
+"git archive --remote <arkiv> [--exec <kmd>] [<flaggor>] <träd-igt> "
 "[<sökväg>...]"
 
-#: archive.c:14
+#: archive.c:16
 msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
 msgstr "git archive --remote <arkiv> [--exec <kmd>] --list"
 
-#: archive.c:342 builtin/add.c:137 builtin/add.c:427 builtin/rm.c:328
+#: archive.c:351 builtin/add.c:176 builtin/add.c:514 builtin/rm.c:298
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
 msgstr "sökvägsangivelsen \"%s\" motsvarade inte några filer"
 
-#: archive.c:427
+#: archive.c:434
 msgid "fmt"
 msgstr "fmt"
 
-#: archive.c:427
+#: archive.c:434
 msgid "archive format"
 msgstr "arkivformat"
 
-#: archive.c:428 builtin/log.c:1204
+#: archive.c:435 builtin/log.c:1462
 msgid "prefix"
 msgstr "prefix"
 
-#: archive.c:429
+#: archive.c:436
 msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
 msgstr "lägg till prefix till varje sökväg i arkivet"
 
-#: archive.c:430 builtin/archive.c:88 builtin/blame.c:2517
-#: builtin/blame.c:2518 builtin/config.c:57 builtin/fast-export.c:986
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:988 builtin/grep.c:712 builtin/hash-object.c:101
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:489 builtin/ls-files.c:492 builtin/notes.c:394
-#: builtin/notes.c:557 builtin/read-tree.c:109 parse-options.h:151
+#: archive.c:437 builtin/blame.c:813 builtin/blame.c:814 builtin/config.c:127
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1007 builtin/fast-export.c:1009 builtin/grep.c:869
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103 builtin/ls-files.c:551 builtin/ls-files.c:554
+#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:568 builtin/read-tree.c:119
+#: parse-options.h:165
 msgid "file"
 msgstr "fil"
 
-#: archive.c:431 builtin/archive.c:89
+#: archive.c:438 builtin/archive.c:89
 msgid "write the archive to this file"
 msgstr "skriv arkivet till filen"
 
-#: archive.c:433
+#: archive.c:440
 msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
 msgstr "läs .gitattributes i arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: archive.c:434
+#: archive.c:441
 msgid "report archived files on stderr"
 msgstr "rapportera arkiverade filer på standard fel"
 
-#: archive.c:435
+#: archive.c:442
 msgid "store only"
 msgstr "endast spara"
 
-#: archive.c:436
+#: archive.c:443
 msgid "compress faster"
 msgstr "komprimera snabbare"
 
-#: archive.c:444
+#: archive.c:451
 msgid "compress better"
 msgstr "komprimera bättre"
 
-#: archive.c:447
+#: archive.c:454
 msgid "list supported archive formats"
 msgstr "visa understödda arkivformat"
 
-#: archive.c:449 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:86
+#: archive.c:456 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:110 builtin/clone.c:113
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1222 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1593
 msgid "repo"
 msgstr "arkiv"
 
-#: archive.c:450 builtin/archive.c:91
+#: archive.c:457 builtin/archive.c:91
 msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
 msgstr "hämta arkivet från fjärrarkivet <arkiv>"
 
-#: archive.c:451 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:478
+#: archive.c:458 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:489
 msgid "command"
 msgstr "kommando"
 
-#: archive.c:452 builtin/archive.c:93
+#: archive.c:459 builtin/archive.c:93
 msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
 msgstr "sökväg till kommandot git-upload-archive på fjärren"
 
-#: attr.c:258
+#: archive.c:466
+msgid "Unexpected option --remote"
+msgstr "Oväntad flagga --remote"
+
+#: archive.c:468
+msgid "Option --exec can only be used together with --remote"
+msgstr "Flaggan --exec kan endast användas tillsammans med --remote"
+
+#: archive.c:470
+msgid "Unexpected option --output"
+msgstr "Oväntad flagga --output"
+
+#: archive.c:492
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown archive format '%s'"
+msgstr "Okänt arkivformat \"%s\""
+
+#: archive.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid "Argument not supported for format '%s': -%d"
+msgstr "Argumentet stöd inte för formatet \"%s\": -%d"
+
+#: attr.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "%.*s is not a valid attribute name"
+msgstr "%-*s är inte ett giltigt namn på attribut"
+
+#: attr.c:415
 msgid ""
 "Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
 "Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
@@ -130,83 +868,263 @@ msgstr ""
 "Negativa mönster ignoreras i git-attribut\n"
 "Använd '\\!' för att inleda med ett utropstecken."
 
-#: branch.c:60
+#: bisect.c:461
 #, c-format
-msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
-msgstr "Ställer inte in grenen %s som sin egen uppströmsgren."
+msgid "Badly quoted content in file '%s': %s"
+msgstr "Felaktigt citerat innehåll i filen \"%s\": %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:669
+#, c-format
+msgid "We cannot bisect more!\n"
+msgstr "Det finns inte mer att göra \"bisect\" på!\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid commit name %s"
+msgstr "Namnet på incheckningen är inte giltigt: %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:747
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is bad.\n"
+"This means the bug has been fixed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Sammanslagningsbasen %s är trasig.\n"
+"Det betyder att felet har rättats mellan %s och [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:752
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is new.\n"
+"The property has changed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Sammanslagningsbasen %s är ny.\n"
+"Egenskapen har ändrats mellan %s och [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:757
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is %s.\n"
+"This means the first '%s' commit is between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Sammanslagningsbasen %s är %s.\n"
+"Det betyder att den första \"%s\" incheckningen är mellan %s och [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Some %s revs are not ancestors of the %s rev.\n"
+"git bisect cannot work properly in this case.\n"
+"Maybe you mistook %s and %s revs?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Några %s-revisioner är inte föräldrar till %s-revisionen.\n"
+"git bisect kan inte fungera korrekt i detta fall.\n"
+"Kanske du skrev fel %s- och %s-revisioner?\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:778
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the merge base between %s and [%s] must be skipped.\n"
+"So we cannot be sure the first %s commit is between %s and %s.\n"
+"We continue anyway."
+msgstr ""
+"sammanslagningsbasen mellan %s och [%s] måste hoppas över.\n"
+"Vi kan inte vara säkra på att den första %s incheckningen är mellan %s och "
+"%s.\n"
+"Vi fortsätter ändå."
+
+#: bisect.c:811
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: a merge base must be tested\n"
+msgstr "Bisect: en sammanslagningsbas måste testas\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:851
+#, c-format
+msgid "a %s revision is needed"
+msgstr "en %s-revision behövs"
+
+#: bisect.c:870 builtin/notes.c:175 builtin/tag.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte skapa filen \"%s\""
+
+#: bisect.c:921
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read file '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa filen \"%s\""
+
+#: bisect.c:951
+msgid "reading bisect refs failed"
+msgstr "misslyckades läsa bisect-referenser"
+
+#: bisect.c:970
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s was both %s and %s\n"
+msgstr "%s var både %s och %s\n"
 
-#: branch.c:83
+#: bisect.c:978
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing."
+msgid ""
+"No testable commit found.\n"
+"Maybe you started with bad path parameters?\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra fjärrgrenen %s från %s genom ombasering."
+"Ingen testbar incheckning hittades.\n"
+"Kanske du startade med felaktiga sökvägsparametrar?\n"
 
-#: branch.c:84
+#: bisect.c:997
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s."
-msgstr "Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra fjärrgrenen %s från %s."
+msgid "(roughly %d step)"
+msgid_plural "(roughly %d steps)"
+msgstr[0] "(ungefär %d steg)"
+msgstr[1] "(ungefär %d steg)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the last %s will be replaced with "(roughly %d
+#. steps)" translation.
+#.
+#: bisect.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: %d revision left to test after this %s\n"
+msgid_plural "Bisecting: %d revisions left to test after this %s\n"
+msgstr[0] "Bisect: %d revision kvar att testa efter denna %s\n"
+msgstr[1] "Bisect: %d revisioner kvar att testa efter denna %s\n"
+
+#: blame.c:1756
+msgid "--contents and --reverse do not blend well."
+msgstr "--contents och --reverse fungerar inte så bra tillsammans."
+
+#: blame.c:1767
+msgid "cannot use --contents with final commit object name"
+msgstr "kan inte använda --contents med namn på slutgiltigt incheckningsobjekt"
+
+#: blame.c:1787
+msgid "--reverse and --first-parent together require specified latest commit"
+msgstr ""
+"--reverse och --first-parent tillsammans kräver att du anger senaste "
+"incheckningen"
+
+#: blame.c:1796 bundle.c:160 ref-filter.c:2075 sequencer.c:1861
+#: sequencer.c:3632 builtin/commit.c:981 builtin/log.c:366 builtin/log.c:920
+#: builtin/log.c:1371 builtin/log.c:1702 builtin/log.c:1950 builtin/merge.c:372
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:192
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr "misslyckades skapa revisionstraversering"
+
+#: blame.c:1814
+msgid ""
+"--reverse --first-parent together require range along first-parent chain"
+msgstr ""
+"--reverse --first-parent tillsammans kräver ett intervall på första-förälder-"
+"kedjan"
 
-#: branch.c:88
+#: blame.c:1825
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing."
-msgstr "Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra den lokala grenen %s genom ombasering."
+msgid "no such path %s in %s"
+msgstr "sökvägen %s i %s finns inte"
 
-#: branch.c:89
+#: blame.c:1836
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s."
-msgstr "Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra den lokala grenen %s."
+msgid "cannot read blob %s for path %s"
+msgstr "kan inte läsa objektet %s för sökvägen %s"
+
+#: branch.c:54
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"After fixing the error cause you may try to fix up\n"
+"the remote tracking information by invoking\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"När du har rättat felorsaken kan du försöka rätta\n"
+"fjärrspårningsinformationen genom att utföra\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
+
+#: branch.c:68
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
+msgstr "Ställer inte in grenen %s som sin egen uppströmsgren."
 
 #: branch.c:94
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing."
-msgstr "Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra fjärreferensen %s genom ombasering."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra fjärrgrenen \"%s\" från \"%s\" genom "
+"ombasering."
 
 #: branch.c:95
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s."
-msgstr "Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra fjärreferensen %s."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s'."
+msgstr "Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra fjärrgrenen \"%s\" från \"%s\"."
 
 #: branch.c:99
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s' by rebasing."
 msgstr ""
-"Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra den lokala referensen %s genom ombasering."
+"Grenen \"%s\" ställdes in att spåra den lokala grenen \"%s\"  genom "
+"ombasering."
 
 #: branch.c:100
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s."
-msgstr "Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra den lokala referensen %s."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Grenen \"%s\" ställdes in att spåra den lokala grenen \"%s\"."
+
+#: branch.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"Grenen \"%s\" ställdes in att spåra fjärreferensen \"%s\" genom ombasering."
+
+#: branch.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s'."
+msgstr "Grenen \"%s\" ställdes in att spåra fjärreferensen \"%s\"."
+
+#: branch.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"Grenen \"%s\" ställdes in att spåra den lokala referensen \"%s\" genom "
+"ombasering."
+
+#: branch.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s'."
+msgstr "Grenen \"%s\" ställdes in att spåra den lokala referensen \"%s\"."
+
+#: branch.c:120
+msgid "Unable to write upstream branch configuration"
+msgstr "Kan inte skriva inställningar för uppströmsgren"
 
-#: branch.c:133
+#: branch.c:157
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"
 msgstr "Spårar inte: tvetydig information för referensen %s"
 
-#: branch.c:162
+#: branch.c:190
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid branch name."
 msgstr "\"%s\" är inte ett giltigt grennamn."
 
-#: branch.c:167
+#: branch.c:209
 #, c-format
 msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
-msgstr "Det finns redan en gren som heter \"%s\""
+msgstr "Det finns redan en gren som heter �%s�."
 
-#: branch.c:175
+#: branch.c:214
 msgid "Cannot force update the current branch."
 msgstr "Kan inte tvinga uppdatering av aktuell gren."
 
-#: branch.c:195
+#: branch.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch."
 msgstr "Kan inte ställa in spårning; startpunkten \"%s\" är inte en gren."
 
-#: branch.c:197
+#: branch.c:236
 #, c-format
 msgid "the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "den efterfrågade uppströmsgrenen \"%s\" finns inte"
 
-#: branch.c:199
+#: branch.c:238
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
@@ -226,32 +1144,42 @@ msgstr ""
 "spåra dess fjärrmotsvarighet kan du använda \"git push -u\"\n"
 "för att ställa in uppströmskonfigurationen när du sänder in."
 
-#: branch.c:243
+#: branch.c:281
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'."
 msgstr "Objektnamnet är inte giltigt: \"%s\"."
 
-#: branch.c:263
+#: branch.c:301
 #, c-format
 msgid "Ambiguous object name: '%s'."
 msgstr "Objektnamnet är tvetydigt: \"%s\"."
 
-#: branch.c:268
+#: branch.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid branch point: '%s'."
-msgstr "Avgreningspunkten är inte giltig: \"%s\""
+msgstr "Avgreningspunkten är inte giltig: �%s�."
+
+#: branch.c:360
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "\"%s\" är redan utcheckad på \"%s\""
+
+#: branch.c:383
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD of working tree %s is not updated"
+msgstr "HEAD i arbetskatalogen %s har inte uppdaterats"
 
 #: bundle.c:34
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
 msgstr "'%s' ser inte ut som en v2-bundle-fil"
 
-#: bundle.c:61
+#: bundle.c:62
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
 msgstr "okänt huvud: %s%s (%d)"
 
-#: bundle.c:87 builtin/commit.c:770
+#: bundle.c:88 sequencer.c:2081 sequencer.c:2558 builtin/commit.c:755
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte öppna \"%s\""
@@ -260,32 +1188,25 @@ msgstr "kunde inte öppna \"%s\""
 msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
 msgstr "Arkivet saknar dessa nödvändiga incheckningar:"
 
-#: bundle.c:163 sequencer.c:645 sequencer.c:1100 builtin/blame.c:2706
-#: builtin/branch.c:652 builtin/commit.c:1049 builtin/log.c:330
-#: builtin/log.c:823 builtin/log.c:1432 builtin/log.c:1669 builtin/merge.c:358
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:158
-msgid "revision walk setup failed"
-msgstr "misslyckades skapa revisionstraversering"
-
-#: bundle.c:185
+#: bundle.c:190
 #, c-format
 msgid "The bundle contains this ref:"
 msgid_plural "The bundle contains these %d refs:"
 msgstr[0] "Paketet (bundlen) innehåller denna referens:"
 msgstr[1] "Paketet (bundlen) innehåller dessa %d referenser:"
 
-#: bundle.c:192
+#: bundle.c:197
 msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
 msgstr "Paketet (bundlen) beskriver en komplett historik."
 
-#: bundle.c:194
+#: bundle.c:199
 #, c-format
 msgid "The bundle requires this ref:"
 msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs:"
 msgstr[0] "Paketet (bundlen) kräver denna referens:"
 msgstr[1] "Paketet (bundlen) kräver dessa %d referenser:"
 
-#: bundle.c:251
+#: bundle.c:258
 msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
 msgstr "Kunde inte starta pack-objects"
 
@@ -293,212 +1214,472 @@ msgstr "Kunde inte starta pack-objects"
 msgid "pack-objects died"
 msgstr "pack-objects misslyckades"
 
-#: bundle.c:309
+#: bundle.c:311
 msgid "rev-list died"
 msgstr "rev-list dog"
 
-#: bundle.c:358
+#: bundle.c:360
 #, c-format
 msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
 msgstr "referensen \"%s\" exkluderas av argumenten till rev-list"
 
-#: bundle.c:438 builtin/log.c:153 builtin/log.c:1342 builtin/shortlog.c:261
+#: bundle.c:450 builtin/log.c:183 builtin/log.c:1607 builtin/shortlog.c:303
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
 msgstr "okänt argument: %s"
 
-#: bundle.c:444
+#: bundle.c:458
 msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
 msgstr "Vägrar skapa ett tomt paket (bundle)."
 
-#: bundle.c:454
+#: bundle.c:470
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot create '%s'"
 msgstr "kan inte skapa \"%s\""
 
-#: bundle.c:475
+#: bundle.c:498
 msgid "index-pack died"
 msgstr "index-pack dog"
 
-#: color.c:260
+#: color.c:296
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid color value: %.*s"
 msgstr "felaktigt färgvärde: %.*s"
 
-#: commit.c:40
+#: commit.c:43 sequencer.c:2364 builtin/am.c:421 builtin/am.c:465
+#: builtin/am.c:1436 builtin/am.c:2072 builtin/replace.c:376
+#: builtin/replace.c:448
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not parse %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte tolka %s"
 
-#: commit.c:42
+#: commit.c:45
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
 msgstr "%s %s är inte en incheckning!"
 
-#: compat/obstack.c:406 compat/obstack.c:408
+#: commit.c:182
+msgid ""
+"Support for <GIT_DIR>/info/grafts is deprecated\n"
+"and will be removed in a future Git version.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please use \"git replace --convert-graft-file\"\n"
+"to convert the grafts into replace refs.\n"
+"\n"
+"Turn this message off by running\n"
+"\"git config advice.graftFileDeprecated false\""
+msgstr ""
+"Stöd för <GIT_DIR>/info/grafts avråds från och\n"
+"kommer tas bort i en framtida version av Git.\n"
+"\n"
+"Använd \"git replace --convert-graft-file\"\n"
+"för att omvandla grafts till ersättningsreferenser.\n"
+"\n"
+"Slå av detta meddelande genom att skriva\n"
+"\"git config advice.graftFileDeprecated false\""
+
+#: commit.c:1537
+msgid ""
+"Warning: commit message did not conform to UTF-8.\n"
+"You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
+"variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Varning: incheckningsmeddelandet är inte korrekt UTF-8.\n"
+"Uppdatera det efter att ha rättat meddelandet, eller ändra variabeln\n"
+"i18n.commitencoding till den teckenkodning som används i ditt projekt.\n"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:669
+#, c-format
+msgid "the commit graph format cannot write %d commits"
+msgstr "formatet på incheckningsgrafen kan inte visa %d incheckningar"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:696
+msgid "too many commits to write graph"
+msgstr "för många incheckningar för att skriva graf"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:707 builtin/init-db.c:516 builtin/init-db.c:521
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr "kan inte skapa katalogen (mkdir) %s"
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:405 compat/obstack.c:407
 msgid "memory exhausted"
 msgstr "minnet slut"
 
-#: config.c:469 config.c:471
+#: config.c:187
+msgid "relative config include conditionals must come from files"
+msgstr "relativa konfigureringsinkluderingsvillkor måste komma från filer"
+
+#: config.c:788
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad config file line %d in %s"
-msgstr "felaktig konfigurationsfil rad %d i %s"
+msgid "bad config line %d in blob %s"
+msgstr "felaktig konfigurationsfil rad %d i blob:en %s"
 
-#: config.c:587
+#: config.c:792
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
-msgstr "felaktigt numeriskt konfigurationsvärde \"%s\" för \"%s\" i %s: %s"
+msgid "bad config line %d in file %s"
+msgstr "felaktig konfigurationsfil rad %d i filen %s"
+
+#: config.c:796
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in standard input"
+msgstr "felaktig konfigurationsfil rad %d i standard in"
+
+#: config.c:800
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in submodule-blob %s"
+msgstr "felaktig konfigurationsfil rad %d i undermoduls-blob:en %s"
+
+#: config.c:804
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in command line %s"
+msgstr "felaktig konfigurationsfil rad %d i kommandoraden %s"
+
+#: config.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in %s"
+msgstr "felaktig konfigurationsfil rad %d i %s"
+
+#: config.c:936
+msgid "out of range"
+msgstr "utanför intervallet"
 
-#: config.c:589
+#: config.c:936
+msgid "invalid unit"
+msgstr "ogiltig enhet"
+
+#: config.c:942
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': %s"
 msgstr "felaktigt numeriskt konfigurationsvärde \"%s\" för \"%s\": %s"
 
-#: config.c:674
+#: config.c:947
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in blob %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"felaktigt numeriskt konfigurationsvärde \"%s\" för \"%s\" i blob:en %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:950
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in file %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"felaktigt numeriskt konfigurationsvärde \"%s\" för \"%s\" i filen %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:953
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in standard input: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"felaktigt numeriskt konfigurationsvärde \"%s\" för \"%s\" i standard in: %s"
+
+#: config.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in submodule-blob %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"felaktigt numeriskt konfigurationsvärde \"%s\" för \"%s\" i undermodul-blob:"
+"en %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:959
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in command line %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"felaktigt numeriskt konfigurationsvärde \"%s\" för \"%s\" i kommandoraden "
+"%s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:962
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
+msgstr "felaktigt numeriskt konfigurationsvärde \"%s\" för \"%s\" i %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:1057
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to expand user dir in: '%s'"
 msgstr "misslyckades expandera användarkatalog i: \"%s\""
 
-#: config.c:752 config.c:763
+#: config.c:1066
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
+msgstr "\"%s\" för \"%s\" är inte en giltig tidsstämpel"
+
+#: config.c:1171 config.c:1182
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad zlib compression level %d"
 msgstr "felaktigt zlib-komprimeringsgrad %d"
 
-#: config.c:885
+#: config.c:1307
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid mode for object creation: %s"
 msgstr "felaktigt läge för skapande av objekt: %s"
 
-#: config.c:1211
+#: config.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack compression level %d"
+msgstr "felaktig paketkomprimeringsgrad %d"
+
+#: config.c:1681
 msgid "unable to parse command-line config"
 msgstr "kan inte tolka kommandoradskonfiguration"
 
-#: config.c:1272
-msgid "unknown error occured while reading the configuration files"
+#: config.c:2013
+msgid "unknown error occurred while reading the configuration files"
 msgstr "okänt fel uppstod vid läsning av konfigurationsfilerna"
 
-#: config.c:1596
+#: config.c:2200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "Felaktigt %s: \"%s\""
+
+#: config.c:2243
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown core.untrackedCache value '%s'; using 'keep' default value"
+msgstr ""
+"okänt värde \"%s\" för core.untrackedCache; använder standardvärdet \"keep\""
+
+#: config.c:2269
+#, c-format
+msgid "splitIndex.maxPercentChange value '%d' should be between 0 and 100"
+msgstr "värdet \"%d\" för splitIndex.maxPercentage borde vara mellan 0 och 100"
+
+#: config.c:2294
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse '%s' from command-line config"
 msgstr "kunde inte tolka värdet \"%s\" från kommandoradskonfiguration"
 
-#: config.c:1598
+#: config.c:2296
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad config variable '%s' in file '%s' at line %d"
 msgstr "felaktig konfigurationsvariabel \"%s\" i filen \"%s\" på rad %d"
 
-#: config.c:1657
+#: config.c:2402
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s has multiple values"
 msgstr "%s har flera värden"
 
-#: connected.c:69
+#: config.c:2766 config.c:3019
+#, c-format
+msgid "fstat on %s failed"
+msgstr "fstat misslyckades på %s"
+
+#: config.c:2905
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not set '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte ställa in \"%s\" till \"%s\""
+
+#: config.c:2907 builtin/remote.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not unset '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte ta bort inställning för \"%s\""
+
+#: connect.c:61
+msgid "The remote end hung up upon initial contact"
+msgstr "Fjärren lade på vid inledande kontakt"
+
+#: connect.c:63
+msgid ""
+"Could not read from remote repository.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please make sure you have the correct access rights\n"
+"and the repository exists."
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte läsa från fjärrarkiv.\n"
+"\n"
+"Se till att du har korrekt åtkomstbehörighet\n"
+"och att arkivet existerar."
+
+# Vague original, not networking-related, but rather related to the actual
+# objects in the database.
+#: connected.c:66 builtin/fsck.c:201 builtin/prune.c:145
+msgid "Checking connectivity"
+msgstr "Kontrollerar konnektivitet"
+
+#: connected.c:78
 msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte köra \"git rev-list\""
 
-#: connected.c:89
+#: connected.c:98
+msgid "failed write to rev-list"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva till rev-list"
+
+#: connected.c:105
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin"
+msgstr "kunde inte stänga rev-list:s standard in"
+
+#: convert.c:206
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
-msgstr "kunde inte skriva till rev-list: %s"
+msgid "CRLF would be replaced by LF in %s."
+msgstr "CRLF skulle ersättas av LF i %s."
 
-#: connected.c:97
+#: convert.c:208
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
-msgstr "kunde inte stänga rev-list:s standard in: %s"
+msgid ""
+"CRLF will be replaced by LF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"CRLF kommer att ersättas av LF i %s.\n"
+"Filen kommer att ha sina ursprungliga radbrytningar i din arbetskatalog."
+
+#: convert.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "LF would be replaced by CRLF in %s"
+msgstr "LF skulle ersättas av CRLF i %s"
+
+#: convert.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"LF will be replaced by CRLF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"LF kommer att ersättas av CRLF i %s.\n"
+"Filen kommer att ha sina ursprungliga radbrytningar i din arbetskatalog."
+
+#: convert.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "BOM is prohibited in '%s' if encoded as %s"
+msgstr "BOM är förbjudet i \"%s\" om kodat som %s"
+
+#: convert.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The file '%s' contains a byte order mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%s as working-"
+"tree-encoding."
+msgstr ""
+"Filen \"%s\" innehåller byte order mark (BOM). Använd UTF-%s som "
+"teckenkodning i arbetskatalogen."
+
+#: convert.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "BOM is required in '%s' if encoded as %s"
+msgstr "BOM krävs om \"%s\" kodas som %s"
+
+#: convert.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The file '%s' is missing a byte order mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%sBE or UTF-"
+"%sLE (depending on the byte order) as working-tree-encoding."
+msgstr ""
+"Filen \"%s\" saknar byte order mark (BOM). Använd UTF-%sBE eller UTF-%sLE "
+"(beroende på byteordning) som teckenkodning i arbetskatalogen."
 
-#: date.c:95
+#: convert.c:424
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to encode '%s' from %s to %s"
+msgstr "misslyckades omkoda \"%s\" från %s till %s"
+
+#: convert.c:467
+#, c-format
+msgid "encoding '%s' from %s to %s and back is not the same"
+msgstr ""
+"omkodning av \"%s\" från %s till %s och tillbaka ger inte samma resultat"
+
+#: convert.c:1225
+msgid "true/false are no valid working-tree-encodings"
+msgstr "true/false är inte giltig teckenkodning för arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: date.c:116
 msgid "in the future"
 msgstr "i framtiden"
 
-#: date.c:101
+#: date.c:122
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu second ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu seconds ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu sekund sedan"
-msgstr[1] "%lu sekunder sedan"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> second ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> seconds ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> sekund sedan"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> sekunder sedan"
 
-#: date.c:108
+#: date.c:129
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu minute ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu minutes ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu minut sedan"
-msgstr[1] "%lu minuter sedan"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> minutes ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> minut sedan"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> minuter sedan"
 
-#: date.c:115
+#: date.c:136
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu hour ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu hours ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu timme sedan"
-msgstr[1] "%lu timmar sedan"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> hours ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> timme sedan"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> timmar sedan"
 
-#: date.c:122
+#: date.c:143
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu day ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu days ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu dag sedan"
-msgstr[1] "%lu dagar sedan"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> day ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> days ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> dag sedan"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> dagar sedan"
 
-#: date.c:128
+#: date.c:149
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu week ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu weeks ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu vecka sedan"
-msgstr[1] "%lu veckor sedan"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> week ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> weeks ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> vecka sedan"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> veckor sedan"
 
-#: date.c:135
+#: date.c:156
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu month ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu months ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu månad sedan"
-msgstr[1] "%lu månader sedan"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> månad sedan"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> månader sedan"
 
-#: date.c:146
+#: date.c:167
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu year"
-msgid_plural "%lu years"
-msgstr[0] "%lu år"
-msgstr[1] "%lu år"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> år"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> år"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: "%s" is "<n> years"
-#: date.c:149
+#: date.c:170
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s, %lu month ago"
-msgid_plural "%s, %lu months ago"
-msgstr[0] "%s, %lu månad sedan"
-msgstr[1] "%s, %lu månader sedan"
+msgid "%s, %<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%s, %<PRIuMAX> månad sedan"
+msgstr[1] "%s, %<PRIuMAX> månader sedan"
 
-#: date.c:154 date.c:159
+#: date.c:175 date.c:180
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu year ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu år sedan"
-msgstr[1] "%lu år sedan"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> år sedan"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> år sedan"
 
 #: diffcore-order.c:24
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to read orderfile '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa orderfilen \"%s\""
 
-#: diffcore-rename.c:516
+#: diffcore-rename.c:535
 msgid "Performing inexact rename detection"
 msgstr "Utför onöjaktig namnbytesdetektering"
 
-#: diff.c:114
+#: diff.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' requires a value"
+msgstr "flaggan \"%s\" behöver ett värde"
+
+#: diff.c:152
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
 msgstr "  Misslyckades tolka dirstat-avskärningsprocentandel \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: diff.c:119
+#: diff.c:157
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
 msgstr "  Okänd dirstat-parameter \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: diff.c:214
+#: diff.c:281
+msgid ""
+"color moved setting must be one of 'no', 'default', 'zebra', 'dimmed_zebra', "
+"'plain'"
+msgstr ""
+"färginställningen för flyttade block måste vara en av \"no\", \"default\", "
+"\"zebra\", \"dimmed_zebra\", \"plain\""
+
+#: diff.c:341
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
 msgstr "Okänt värde för konfigurationsvariabeln \"diff.submodule\": \"%s\""
 
-#: diff.c:266
+#: diff.c:401
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
@@ -507,16 +1688,24 @@ msgstr ""
 "Hittade fel i konfigurationsvariabeln \"diff.dirstat\":\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:2957
+#: diff.c:3823
 #, c-format
 msgid "external diff died, stopping at %s"
 msgstr "extern diff dog, stannar vid %s"
 
-#: diff.c:3352
+#: diff.c:4153
+msgid "--name-only, --name-status, --check and -s are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "--name-only, --name-status, -check och -s är ömsesidigt uteslutande"
+
+#: diff.c:4156
+msgid "-G, -S and --find-object are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-G, -S och --find-object är ömsesidigt uteslutande"
+
+#: diff.c:4244
 msgid "--follow requires exactly one pathspec"
 msgstr "--follow kräver exakt en sökvägsangivelse"
 
-#: diff.c:3515
+#: diff.c:4410
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
@@ -525,62 +1714,367 @@ msgstr ""
 "Misslyckades tolka argument till flaggan --dirstat/-X;\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:3529
+#: diff.c:4424
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
 msgstr "Misslyckades tolka argument till flaggan --submodule: \"%s\""
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:129 gpg-interface.c:200
-msgid "could not run gpg."
-msgstr "kunde inte köra gpg."
+#: diff.c:5500
+msgid "inexact rename detection was skipped due to too many files."
+msgstr ""
+"onöjaktig namnbytesdetektering utfördes inte på grund av för många filer."
+
+#: diff.c:5503
+msgid "only found copies from modified paths due to too many files."
+msgstr "hittade bara kopior från ändrade sökvägar på grund av för många filer."
+
+#: diff.c:5506
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you may want to set your %s variable to at least %d and retry the command."
+msgstr ""
+"du kan sätta variabeln %s till åtminstone %d och försöka kommandot på nytt."
+
+#: dir.c:1867
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open directory '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte öppna katalogen \"%s\""
+
+#: dir.c:2109
+msgid "failed to get kernel name and information"
+msgstr "misslyckades hämta kärnans namn och information"
+
+#: dir.c:2233
+msgid "Untracked cache is disabled on this system or location."
+msgstr "Ospårad cache är inaktiverad på systemet eller platsen."
+
+#: dir.c:3075 dir.c:3080
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directories for %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte skapa kataloger för %s"
+
+#: dir.c:3109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not migrate git directory from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte migrera git-katalog från \"%s\" till \"%s\""
+
+#: editor.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: Waiting for your editor to close the file...%c"
+msgstr "tips: Väntar på att textredigeringsprogrammet skall stänga filen...%c"
+
+#: entry.c:177
+msgid "Filtering content"
+msgstr "Filtrerar innehåll"
+
+#: entry.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat file '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte ta status på filen \"%s\""
+
+#: fetch-object.c:17
+msgid "Remote with no URL"
+msgstr "Fjärr utan URL"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:254
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected shallow list"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: förväntade grund lista"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:266
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: förväntade ACK/NAK, fick flush-paket"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:285 builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr "fjärrfel: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: förväntade ACK/NAK, fick \"%s\""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:338
+msgid "--stateless-rpc requires multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "--stateless-rpc kräver �multi_ack_detailed�"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:429 fetch-pack.c:1310
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid shallow line: %s"
+msgstr "ogiltig \"shallow\"-rad: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:435 fetch-pack.c:1316
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid unshallow line: %s"
+msgstr "ogiltig \"unshallow\"-rad: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:437 fetch-pack.c:1318
+#, c-format
+msgid "object not found: %s"
+msgstr "objektet hittades inte: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:440 fetch-pack.c:1321
+#, c-format
+msgid "error in object: %s"
+msgstr "fel i objekt: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:442 fetch-pack.c:1323
+#, c-format
+msgid "no shallow found: %s"
+msgstr "ingen \"shallow\" hittades: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:445 fetch-pack.c:1326
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected shallow/unshallow, got %s"
+msgstr "förväntade shallow/unshallow, fick %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:486
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s %d %s"
+msgstr "fick %s %d %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit %s"
+msgstr "ogiltig incheckning %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:533
+msgid "giving up"
+msgstr "ger upp"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:543 progress.c:229
+msgid "done"
+msgstr "klart"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:555
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s (%d) %s"
+msgstr "fick %s (%d) %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:601
+#, c-format
+msgid "Marking %s as complete"
+msgstr "Markerar %s som komplett"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:828
+#, c-format
+msgid "already have %s (%s)"
+msgstr "har redan %s (%s)"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:869
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "fetch-patch: kunde inte grena av sidbandsmultiplexare"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:877
+msgid "protocol error: bad pack header"
+msgstr "protokollfel: felaktigt packhuvud"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:944
+#, c-format
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off %s"
+msgstr "fetch-patch: kunde inte grena av %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:960
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s failed"
+msgstr "%s misslyckades"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:962
+msgid "error in sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "fel i sidbands-avmultiplexare"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:989
+msgid "Server does not support shallow clients"
+msgstr "Servern stöder inte klienter med grunda arkiv"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:993
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "Servern stöder \"multi_ack_detailed\""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:996
+msgid "Server supports no-done"
+msgstr "Servern stöder \"no-done\""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1002
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack"
+msgstr "Servern stöder \"multi_ack\""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1006
+msgid "Server supports side-band-64k"
+msgstr "Servern stöder \"side-band-64k\""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1010
+msgid "Server supports side-band"
+msgstr "Servern stöder \"side-band\""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1014
+msgid "Server supports allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "Servern stöder \"allow-tip-sha1-in-want\""
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1018
+msgid "Server supports allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "Servern stöder \"allow-reachable-sha1-in-want\""
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:141
-msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
-msgstr "gpg godtog inte data"
+#: fetch-pack.c:1028
+msgid "Server supports ofs-delta"
+msgstr "Servern stöder \"ofs-delta\""
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:152
+#: fetch-pack.c:1034 fetch-pack.c:1204
+msgid "Server supports filter"
+msgstr "Servern stöder filter"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1042
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server version is %.*s"
+msgstr "Serverversionen är %.*s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1048
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-since"
+msgstr "Servern stöder inte --shallow-since"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1052
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-exclude"
+msgstr "Servern stöder inte --shallow-exclude"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1054
+msgid "Server does not support --deepen"
+msgstr "Servern stöder inte --deepen"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1065
+msgid "no common commits"
+msgstr "inga gemensamma incheckningar"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1077 fetch-pack.c:1414
+msgid "git fetch-pack: fetch failed."
+msgstr "git fetch-patch: hämtning misslyckades."
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1199
+msgid "Server does not support shallow requests"
+msgstr "Servern stöder inte grunda förfrågningar"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1584
+msgid "no matching remote head"
+msgstr "inget motsvarande fjärrhuvud"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1610
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such remote ref %s"
+msgstr "ingen sådan fjärreferens: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1613
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server does not allow request for unadvertised object %s"
+msgstr "Servern tillåter inte förfrågan om ej tillkännagivet objekt %s"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:185
 msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
 msgstr "gpg misslyckades signera data"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:185
+#: gpg-interface.c:210
+msgid "could not create temporary file"
+msgstr "kunde inte skapa temporära fil"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:213
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create temporary file '%s': %s"
-msgstr "kunde inte skapa temporära filen \"%s\": %s"
+msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades skriva fristående signatur till \"%s\""
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:188
+#: graph.c:97
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s': %s"
-msgstr "misslyckades skriva fristående signatur till \"%s\": %s"
+msgid "ignore invalid color '%.*s' in log.graphColors"
+msgstr "ignorera felaktig färg \"%.*s\" i log.graphColors"
 
-#: grep.c:1718
+#: grep.c:2020
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
 msgstr "\"%s\" kunde inte läsa %s"
 
-#: grep.c:1735
+#: grep.c:2037 setup.c:164 builtin/clone.c:409 builtin/diff.c:81
+#: builtin/rm.c:134
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': %s"
-msgstr "\"%s\": %s"
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades ta status på \"%s\""
 
-#: grep.c:1746
+#: grep.c:2048
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': short read %s"
-msgstr "\"%s\": kort läsning %s"
+msgid "'%s': short read"
+msgstr "\"%s\": kort läsning"
+
+#: help.c:23
+msgid "start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)"
+msgstr "starta arbetskatalog (se också: git help tutorial)"
+
+#: help.c:24
+msgid "work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)"
+msgstr "jobba med aktuell förändring (se också: git help everyday)"
+
+#: help.c:25
+msgid "examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)"
+msgstr "utforska historiken och tillståndet (se också: git help revisions)"
+
+#: help.c:26
+msgid "grow, mark and tweak your common history"
+msgstr "utöka, markera och justera din gemensamma historik"
+
+#: help.c:27
+msgid "collaborate (see also: git help workflows)"
+msgstr "samarbeta (se också: git help workflows)"
+
+#: help.c:31
+msgid "Main Porcelain Commands"
+msgstr "Huvudsakliga porslinskommandon"
+
+#: help.c:32
+msgid "Ancillary Commands / Manipulators"
+msgstr "Tilläggskommandon / manipulerare"
+
+#: help.c:33
+msgid "Ancillary Commands / Interrogators"
+msgstr "Tilläggskommandon / frågare"
 
-#: help.c:207
+#: help.c:34
+msgid "Interacting with Others"
+msgstr "Interaktion med andra"
+
+#: help.c:35
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Manipulators"
+msgstr "Lågnivåkommandon / maniupulerare"
+
+#: help.c:36
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Interrogators"
+msgstr "Lågnivåkommandon / frågare"
+
+#: help.c:37
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Synching Repositories"
+msgstr "Lågnivåkommandon / synka arkiv"
+
+#: help.c:38
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Internal Helpers"
+msgstr "Lågnivåkommandon / interna hjälpare"
+
+#: help.c:293
 #, c-format
 msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
 msgstr "git-kommandon tillgängliga i \"%s\""
 
-#: help.c:214
+#: help.c:300
 msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
 msgstr "git-kommandon från andra platser i din $PATH"
 
-#: help.c:230
-msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
-msgstr "De mest använda git-kommandona är:"
+#: help.c:309
+msgid "These are common Git commands used in various situations:"
+msgstr "Dessa vanliga Git-kommandon används i olika situationer:"
 
-#: help.c:289
+#: help.c:358 git.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported command listing type '%s'"
+msgstr "okänd kommandolisttyp \"%s\""
+
+#: help.c:405
+msgid "The common Git guides are:"
+msgstr "De vanliga Git-vägledningarna är:"
+
+#: help.c:467
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
@@ -589,30 +2083,55 @@ msgstr ""
 "\"%s\" verkar vara ett git-kommando, men vi kan inte\n"
 "köra det. Kanske git-%s är trasigt?"
 
-#: help.c:346
+#: help.c:526
 msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
 msgstr "Oj då. Ditt system rapporterar inga Git-kommandon alls."
 
-#: help.c:368
+#: help.c:548
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
-"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-"VARNING: Du anropade ett Git-kommando vid namn \"%s\", som inte finns.\n"
-"Fortsätter under förutsättningen att du menade \"%s\""
+msgid "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist."
+msgstr "VARNING: Du anropade ett Git-kommando vid namn \"%s\", som inte finns."
 
-#: help.c:373
+#: help.c:553
 #, c-format
-msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
-msgstr "automatiskt om %0.1f sekunder..."
+msgid "Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr "Fortsätter under förutsättningen att du menade �%s�."
 
-#: help.c:380
+#: help.c:558
+#, c-format
+msgid "Continuing in %0.1f seconds, assuming that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Fortsätter om %0.1f sekunder, under förutsättningen att du menade �%s�."
+
+#: help.c:566
 #, c-format
 msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
 msgstr "git: \"%s\" är inte ett git-kommando. Se \"git --help\"."
 
-#: help.c:384 help.c:444
+#: help.c:570
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar command is"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar commands are"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"\n"
+"Mest likt kommando är"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"\n"
+"Mest lika kommandon är"
+
+#: help.c:585
+msgid "git version [<options>]"
+msgstr "git version [<flaggor>]"
+
+#: help.c:652
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s - %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s - %s"
+
+#: help.c:656
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Did you mean this?"
@@ -626,100 +2145,258 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "\n"
 "Menade du ett av dessa?"
 
-#: help.c:440
+#: ident.c:342
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"*** Please tell me who you are.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"\n"
+"to set your account's default identity.\n"
+"Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"*** Vänligen berätta vem du är.\n"
+"\n"
+"Kör\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"du@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Ditt Namn\"\n"
+"\n"
+"för att ställa in ditt kontos standardidentitet.\n"
+"Kör utan --global för att endast ändra i aktuellt arkiv.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: ident.c:366
+msgid "no email was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "ingen e-post angavs och autodetektering är inaktiverad"
+
+#: ident.c:371
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: %s - %s"
-msgstr "%s: %s - %s"
+msgid "unable to auto-detect email address (got '%s')"
+msgstr "kunde inte autodetektera e-postadress (fick \"%s\")"
 
-#: lockfile.c:283
-msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that is still open"
-msgstr "FEL: återöppna en låsfil som fortfarande är öppen"
+#: ident.c:381
+msgid "no name was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "inget namn angavs och autodetektering är inaktiverad"
 
-#: lockfile.c:285
-msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that has been committed"
-msgstr "FEL: återöppna en låsfil som har överlämnats"
+#: ident.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to auto-detect name (got '%s')"
+msgstr "kunde inte autodetektera namn (fick \"%s\")"
 
-#: merge.c:41
+#: ident.c:395
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty ident name (for <%s>) not allowed"
+msgstr "tomt ident-namn (för <%s>) ej tillåtet"
+
+#: ident.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "name consists only of disallowed characters: %s"
+msgstr "namnet består enbart av ej tillåtna tecken: %s"
+
+#: ident.c:416 builtin/commit.c:587
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid date format: %s"
+msgstr "felaktigt datumformat: %s"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:36
+msgid "multiple filter-specs cannot be combined"
+msgstr "flera filterspecifikationer kan inte kombineras"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:126
+msgid "cannot change partial clone promisor remote"
+msgstr "kan inte ändra kontraktsfjärr för delvis kloning"
+
+#: lockfile.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to create '%s.lock': %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another git process seems to be running in this repository, e.g.\n"
+"an editor opened by 'git commit'. Please make sure all processes\n"
+"are terminated then try again. If it still fails, a git process\n"
+"may have crashed in this repository earlier:\n"
+"remove the file manually to continue."
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte skapa \"%s.lock\": %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Det verkar som en annan git-process kör i det här arkivet, t.ex.\n"
+"ett textredigeringsprogram startat av \"git commit\". Se till att\n"
+"alla processer avslutats och försök sedan igen. Om det fortfarande\n"
+"misslyckas kanske en git-process har kraschat i det här arkivet\n"
+"tidigare:\n"
+"ta bort filen manuellt för att fortsätta."
+
+#: lockfile.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to create '%s.lock': %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte skapa \"%s.lock\": %s"
+
+#: merge.c:71
 msgid "failed to read the cache"
 msgstr "misslyckades läsa cachen"
 
-#: merge.c:94 builtin/checkout.c:374 builtin/checkout.c:580
-#: builtin/clone.c:662
+#: merge.c:136 builtin/am.c:1946 builtin/am.c:1980 builtin/checkout.c:378
+#: builtin/checkout.c:606 builtin/clone.c:761
 msgid "unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "kunde inte skriva ny indexfil"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:189
-#, c-format
+#: merge-recursive.c:298
 msgid "(bad commit)\n"
 msgstr "(felaktig incheckning)\n"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:209
+#: merge-recursive.c:320
 #, c-format
-msgid "addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'"
-msgstr "addinfo_cache misslyckades för sökvägen \"%s\""
+msgid "add_cacheinfo failed for path '%s'; merge aborting."
+msgstr ""
+"add_cahceinfo misslyckades för sökvägen \"%s\"; avslutar sammanslagningen."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:270
+#: merge-recursive.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "add_cacheinfo failed to refresh for path '%s'; merge aborting."
+msgstr ""
+"add_cacheinfo misslyckades uppdatera för sökvägen \"%s\"; avslutar "
+"sammanslagningen."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:410
 msgid "error building trees"
 msgstr "fel vid byggande av träd"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:688
+#: merge-recursive.c:881
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create path '%s'%s"
 msgstr "misslyckades skapa sökvägen \"%s\"%s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:699
+#: merge-recursive.c:892
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"
 msgstr "Tar bort %s för att göra plats för underkatalog\n"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:713 merge-recursive.c:734
+#: merge-recursive.c:906 merge-recursive.c:925
 msgid ": perhaps a D/F conflict?"
 msgstr ": kanske en K/F-konflikt?"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:724
+#: merge-recursive.c:915
 #, c-format
 msgid "refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"
 msgstr "vägrar förlora ospårad fil vid \"%s\""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:764
+#: merge-recursive.c:957 builtin/cat-file.c:37
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read object %s '%s'"
 msgstr "kan inte läsa objektet %s: \"%s\""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:766
+#: merge-recursive.c:959
 #, c-format
 msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
 msgstr "blob förväntades för %s \"%s\""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:789 builtin/clone.c:321
+#: merge-recursive.c:983
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to open '%s'"
-msgstr "misslyckades öppna \"%s\""
+msgid "failed to open '%s': %s"
+msgstr "misslyckades öppna \"%s\": %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:797
+#: merge-recursive.c:994
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to symlink '%s'"
-msgstr "misslyckades skapa symboliska länken \"%s\""
+msgid "failed to symlink '%s': %s"
+msgstr "misslyckades skapa symboliska länken \"%s\": %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:800
+#: merge-recursive.c:999
 #, c-format
 msgid "do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"
 msgstr "vet inte hur %06o %s \"%s\" skall hanteras"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:938
+#: merge-recursive.c:1186
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (not checked out)"
+msgstr "Misslyckades slå ihop undermodulen %s (ej utcheckad)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1193
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (commits not present)"
+msgstr "Misslyckades slå ihop undermodulen %s (incheckningar saknas)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (commits don't follow merge-base)"
+msgstr ""
+"Misslyckades slå ihop undermodulen %s (incheckningar följer inte "
+"sammanslagningsbasen)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1208 merge-recursive.c:1220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding submodule %s to the following commit:"
+msgstr "Snabbspolar undermodulen %s till följande incheckning:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1211 merge-recursive.c:1223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding submodule %s to %s"
+msgstr "Snabbspolar undermodulen %s till %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1245
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (merge following commits not found)"
+msgstr ""
+"Misslyckades slå ihop undermodulen %s (sammanslagning efter incheckningar "
+"hittades inte)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1249
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (not fast-forward)"
+msgstr "Misslyckades slå ihop undermodulen %s (ej snabbspolning)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1250
+msgid "Found a possible merge resolution for the submodule:\n"
+msgstr "Hittade en möjlig lösning av sammanslagning för undermodulen:\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1253
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If this is correct simply add it to the index for example\n"
+"by using:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n"
+"\n"
+"which will accept this suggestion.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Om detta är riktigt lägger du bara till det i indexet, till\n"
+"exempel så här:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n"
+"\n"
+"vilket godtar lösningen.\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1262
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (multiple merges found)"
+msgstr ""
+"Misslyckades slå ihop undermodulen %s (flera sammanslagningar hittades)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1321
 msgid "Failed to execute internal merge"
 msgstr "Misslyckades exekvera intern sammanslagning"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:942
+#: merge-recursive.c:1326
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add %s to database"
 msgstr "Kunde inte lägga till %s till databasen"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:958
-msgid "unsupported object type in the tree"
-msgstr "objekttyp som ej stöds upptäcktes i trädet"
+#: merge-recursive.c:1358
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto-merging %s"
+msgstr "Slår ihop %s automatiskt"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1423
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error: Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; writing to %s instead."
+msgstr "Fel: Vägrar förlora ospårad fil vid %s; skriver till %s istället."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1033 merge-recursive.c:1047
+#: merge-recursive.c:1475
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
@@ -728,7 +2405,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "KONFLIKT (%s/radera): %s raderad i %s och %s i %s. Versionen %s av %s lämnad "
 "i trädet."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1039 merge-recursive.c:1052
+#: merge-recursive.c:1480
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree."
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (%s/radera): %s raderad i %s och %s till %s i %s. Versionen %s av "
+"%s lämnad i trädet."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1487
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
@@ -737,20 +2423,40 @@ msgstr ""
 "KONFLIKT (%s/radera): %s raderad i %s och %s i %s. Versionen %s av %s lämnad "
 "i trädet vid %s."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1093
+#: merge-recursive.c:1492
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (%s/radera): %s raderad i %s och %s till %s i %s. Versionen %s av "
+"%s lämnad i trädet vid %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1526
 msgid "rename"
 msgstr "namnbyte"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1093
+#: merge-recursive.c:1526
 msgid "renamed"
 msgstr "namnbytt"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1149
+#: merge-recursive.c:1580 merge-recursive.c:1736 merge-recursive.c:2368
+#: merge-recursive.c:3086
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"
+msgstr "Vägrar förlora lortig fil vid \"%s\""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"
 msgstr "%s är en katalog i %s lägger till som %s istället"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1171
+#: merge-recursive.c:1599
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "Vägrar förlora ospårad fil vid %s; lägger till som %s istället"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1625
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" rename \"%s"
@@ -759,204 +2465,313 @@ msgstr ""
 "KONFLIKT (namnbyte/namnbyte): Namnbyte \"%s\"->\"%s\" på grenen \"%s\" "
 "namnbyte \"%s\"->\"%s\" i \"%s\"%s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1176
+#: merge-recursive.c:1630
 msgid " (left unresolved)"
 msgstr " (lämnad olöst)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1230
+#: merge-recursive.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename %s->%s in %s. Rename %s->%s in %s"
 msgstr ""
 "KONFLIKT (namnbyte/namnbyte): Namnbyte %s->%s i %s. Namnbyte %s->%s i %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1260
+#: merge-recursive.c:1733
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
 msgstr "Byter namn på %s till %s och %s till %s istället"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1459
+#: merge-recursive.c:1745
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose untracked file at %s, even though it's in the way."
+msgstr "Vägrar förlora ospårad fil vid %s, trots att den är i vägen."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1951
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (directory rename split): Unclear where to place %s because "
+"directory %s was renamed to multiple other directories, with no destination "
+"getting a majority of the files."
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (namnändrad delad katalog): Osäker på var %s skall placeras då "
+"katalogen %s bytte namn till flera andra kataloger, utan att någon "
+"destination fick en majoritet av filerna."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1983
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Existing file/dir at %s in the way of "
+"implicit directory rename(s) putting the following path(s) there: %s."
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (implicit nämnändrad kat): Befintlig fil/kat vid %s är i vägen för "
+"implicit namnändrad(e) katalog(er) som lägger dit följande sökväg(ar): %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1993
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Cannot map more than one path to %s; "
+"implicit directory renames tried to put these paths there: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (implicit namnändrad kat): Kan inte koppla mer än en sökväg till "
+"%s; implicita katalognamnändringar försökte lägga följande sökvägar där: %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2085
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename directory %s->%s in %s. Rename directory %s-"
+">%s in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (namnbyte/namnbyte): Namnbytt katalog %s->%s i %s. Namnbytt katalog "
+"%s->%s i %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2330
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"WARNING: Avoiding applying %s -> %s rename to %s, because %s itself was "
+"renamed."
+msgstr ""
+"VARNING: Undviker att applicera namnändring %s -> %s på %s, då %s själv har "
+"bytt namn."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2736
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. %s added in %s"
 msgstr "KONFLIKT (namnbyte/tillägg): Namnbyte %s->%s i %s. %s tillagd i %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1469
+#: merge-recursive.c:2751
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding merged %s"
 msgstr "Lägger till sammanslagen %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1474 merge-recursive.c:1672
+#: merge-recursive.c:2758 merge-recursive.c:3089
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding as %s instead"
 msgstr "Lägger till som %s istället"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1525
+#: merge-recursive.c:2914
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read object %s"
 msgstr "kan inte läsa objektet %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1528
+#: merge-recursive.c:2917
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s is not a blob"
 msgstr "objektet %s är inte en blob"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1576
+#: merge-recursive.c:2986
 msgid "modify"
 msgstr "ändra"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1576
+#: merge-recursive.c:2986
 msgid "modified"
 msgstr "ändrad"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1586
+#: merge-recursive.c:2997
 msgid "content"
 msgstr "innehåll"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1593
+#: merge-recursive.c:3004
 msgid "add/add"
 msgstr "tillägg/tillägg"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1627
+#: merge-recursive.c:3046
 #, c-format
 msgid "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"
 msgstr "Hoppade över %s (sammanslagen samma som befintlig)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1641
-#, c-format
-msgid "Auto-merging %s"
-msgstr "Slår ihop %s automatiskt"
-
-#: merge-recursive.c:1645 git-submodule.sh:1150
+#: merge-recursive.c:3055 git-submodule.sh:895
 msgid "submodule"
 msgstr "undermodul"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1646
+#: merge-recursive.c:3056
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"
 msgstr "KONFLIKT (%s): Sammanslagningskonflikt i %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1732
+#: merge-recursive.c:3178
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing %s"
 msgstr "Tar bort %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1757
+#: merge-recursive.c:3204
 msgid "file/directory"
 msgstr "fil/katalog"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1763
+#: merge-recursive.c:3210
 msgid "directory/file"
 msgstr "katalog/fil"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1768
+#: merge-recursive.c:3217
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. Adding %s as %s"
 msgstr ""
 "KONFLIKT (%s): Det finns en katalog med namnet %s i %s. Lägger till %s som %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1778
+#: merge-recursive.c:3226
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding %s"
 msgstr "Lägger till %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1795
-msgid "Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."
-msgstr "Ödesdigert sammanslagningsfel, borde inte inträffa."
+#: merge-recursive.c:3267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot merge (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "Smutsigt index: kan inte slå ihop (smutsiga: %s)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1814
-msgid "Already up-to-date!"
+#: merge-recursive.c:3271
+msgid "Already up to date!"
 msgstr "Redan à jour!"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1823
+#: merge-recursive.c:3280
 #, c-format
 msgid "merging of trees %s and %s failed"
 msgstr "sammanslagning av träden %s och %s misslyckades"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1853
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unprocessed path??? %s"
-msgstr "Obehandlad sökväg??? %s"
-
-#: merge-recursive.c:1898
+#: merge-recursive.c:3379
 msgid "Merging:"
 msgstr "Slår ihop:"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1911
+#: merge-recursive.c:3392
 #, c-format
 msgid "found %u common ancestor:"
 msgid_plural "found %u common ancestors:"
 msgstr[0] "hittade %u gemensam förfader:"
 msgstr[1] "hittade %u gemensamma förfäder:"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1948
+#: merge-recursive.c:3431
 msgid "merge returned no commit"
 msgstr "sammanslagningen returnerade ingen incheckning"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2005
+#: merge-recursive.c:3495
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte tolka objektet \"%s\""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2016 builtin/merge.c:667
+#: merge-recursive.c:3511 builtin/merge.c:659 builtin/merge.c:816
 msgid "Unable to write index."
 msgstr "Kunde inte skriva indexet."
 
-#: notes-utils.c:41
+#: notes-merge.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your previous notes merge (%s exists).\n"
+"Please, use 'git notes merge --commit' or 'git notes merge --abort' to "
+"commit/abort the previous merge before you start a new notes merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Du har inte avslutat föregående antecknings-sammanslagning (%s finns).\n"
+"Använd \"git notes merge --commit\" eller \"git notes merge --abort\" för "
+"att checka in eller avbryta föregående sammanslagning innan du påbörjar en "
+"ny antecknings-sammanslagning."
+
+#: notes-merge.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "You have not concluded your notes merge (%s exists)."
+msgstr "Du har inte avslutat antecknings-sammanslagningen (%s finns)."
+
+#: notes-utils.c:43
 msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
 msgstr "Kan inte checka in oinitierat/orefererat anteckningsträd"
 
-#: notes-utils.c:82
+#: notes-utils.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
 msgstr "Felaktigt värde för notes.rewriteMode: '%s'"
 
-#: notes-utils.c:92
+#: notes-utils.c:112
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
 msgstr "Vägrar skriva över anteckningar i %s (utanför refs/notes/)"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
-#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
-#: notes-utils.c:119
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of
+#. the environment variable, the second %s is
+#. its value.
+#.
+#: notes-utils.c:142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
 msgstr "Felaktigt värde på %s: \"%s\""
 
-#: object.c:241
+#: object.c:242
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse object: %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte tolka objektet: %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:546
+#: packfile.c:563
+msgid "offset before end of packfile (broken .idx?)"
+msgstr "offset före slutet av packfilen (trasig .idx?)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1742
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset before start of pack index for %s (corrupt index?)"
+msgstr "offset före slutet av packindex för %s (trasigt index?)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1746
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset beyond end of pack index for %s (truncated index?)"
+msgstr "offset borton slutet av packindex för %s (trunkerat index?)"
+
+#: parse-options.c:621
 msgid "..."
 msgstr "..."
 
-#: parse-options.c:564
+#: parse-options.c:640
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s"
 msgstr "användning: %s"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
-#. one in "usage: %s" translation
-#: parse-options.c:568
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation.
+#.
+#: parse-options.c:646
 #, c-format
 msgid "   or: %s"
 msgstr "     eller: %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:571
+#: parse-options.c:649
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %s"
 msgstr "    %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:605
+#: parse-options.c:688
 msgid "-NUM"
 msgstr "-TAL"
 
-#: pathspec.c:133
+#: parse-options-cb.c:44
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed expiration date '%s'"
+msgstr "trasigt utlöpsdatum: �%s�"
+
+#: parse-options-cb.c:112
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr "felformat objektnamn \"%s\""
+
+#: path.c:892
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr "Kunde inte göra %s skrivbar för gruppen"
+
+#: pathspec.c:129
+msgid "Escape character '\\' not allowed as last character in attr value"
+msgstr "Specialtecknet \"\\\" tillåts inte som sista tecken i attributvärde"
+
+#: pathspec.c:147
+msgid "Only one 'attr:' specification is allowed."
+msgstr "Endast en \"attr:\"-angivelse tillåten."
+
+#: pathspec.c:150
+msgid "attr spec must not be empty"
+msgstr "attr-angivelse kan inte vara tom"
+
+#: pathspec.c:193
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid attribute name %s"
+msgstr "ogiltigt attributnamn %s"
+
+#: pathspec.c:258
 msgid "global 'glob' and 'noglob' pathspec settings are incompatible"
 msgstr ""
 "de globala sökvägsinställningarna \"glob\" och \"noglob\" är inkompatibla"
 
-#: pathspec.c:143
+#: pathspec.c:265
 msgid ""
 "global 'literal' pathspec setting is incompatible with all other global "
 "pathspec settings"
@@ -964,67 +2779,55 @@ msgstr ""
 "den globala sökvägsinställningen \"literal\" är inkompatibel med alla andra "
 "globala sökvägsinställningar"
 
-#: pathspec.c:177
+#: pathspec.c:305
 msgid "invalid parameter for pathspec magic 'prefix'"
 msgstr "ogiltig parameter för sökvägsuttrycket för \"prefix\""
 
-#: pathspec.c:183
+#: pathspec.c:326
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid pathspec magic '%.*s' in '%s'"
-msgstr "felaktigt sökvägsuttryck \"%.*s\" i \"%s\""
+msgstr "Felaktigt sökvägsuttryck \"%.*s\" i \"%s\""
 
-#: pathspec.c:187
+#: pathspec.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing ')' at the end of pathspec magic in '%s'"
 msgstr "\")\" saknas i slutet av sökvägsuttrycket för \"%s\""
 
-#: pathspec.c:205
+#: pathspec.c:369
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unimplemented pathspec magic '%c' in '%s'"
-msgstr "Tecknet \"%c\" i sökvägsuttrycket i \"%s\" har inte implementerats"
+msgstr "Ej implementerat sökvägsuttryckmagi �%c� i �%s�"
 
-#: pathspec.c:230
+#: pathspec.c:428
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: 'literal' and 'glob' are incompatible"
 msgstr "%s: \"literal\" och \"glob\" är inkompatibla"
 
-#: pathspec.c:241
+#: pathspec.c:441
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: '%s' is outside repository"
 msgstr "%s: \"%s\" är utanför arkivet"
 
-#: pathspec.c:291
+#: pathspec.c:515
 #, c-format
-msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
-msgstr "Sökvägsangivelsen \"%s\" är i undermodulen \"%.*s\""
+msgid "'%s' (mnemonic: '%c')"
+msgstr "\"%s\" (minnesstöd: \"%c\")"
 
-#: pathspec.c:353
+#: pathspec.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: pathspec magic not supported by this command: %s"
 msgstr "%s: sökvägsuttrycket hanteras inte av det här kommandot: %s"
 
-#: pathspec.c:432
+#: pathspec.c:592
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
 msgstr "sökvägsangivelsen \"%s\" är på andra sidan av en symbolisk länk"
 
-#: pathspec.c:441
-msgid ""
-"There is nothing to exclude from by :(exclude) patterns.\n"
-"Perhaps you forgot to add either ':/' or '.' ?"
-msgstr ""
-"Ingenting att exkludera från med :(exkludera)-mönster.\n"
-"Glömde du kanske att antingen lägga till \":/\" eller \".\"?"
-
-#: pretty.c:968
+#: pretty.c:962
 msgid "unable to parse --pretty format"
 msgstr "kunde inte tolka format för --pretty"
 
-#: progress.c:225
-msgid "done"
-msgstr "klart"
-
-#: read-cache.c:1267
+#: read-cache.c:1500
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "index.version set, but the value is invalid.\n"
@@ -1033,7 +2836,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "index.version satt, men värdet är ogiltigt.\n"
 "Använder version %i"
 
-#: read-cache.c:1277
+#: read-cache.c:1510
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "GIT_INDEX_VERSION set, but the value is invalid.\n"
@@ -1042,51 +2845,383 @@ msgstr ""
 "GIT_INDEX_VERSION satt, men värdet är ogiltigt.\n"
 "Använder version %i"
 
-#: remote.c:782
+#: read-cache.c:2404 sequencer.c:4338 wrapper.c:658 builtin/merge.c:1048
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not close '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte stänga \"%s\""
+
+#: read-cache.c:2477 sequencer.c:2102 sequencer.c:3234
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte ta status på \"%s\""
+
+#: read-cache.c:2490
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open git dir: %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte öppna git-katalog: %s"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2502
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to unlink: %s"
+msgstr "misslyckades ta bort länken: %s"
+
+#: refs.c:732 sequencer.c:4334 sequencer.c:4393 wrapper.c:225 wrapper.c:395
+#: builtin/am.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "kunde inte öppna \"%s\" för skrivning"
+
+#: refs.c:1880
+msgid "ref updates forbidden inside quarantine environment"
+msgstr "referensuppdateringar förbjudna i karantänmiljö"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1191
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove reference %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte ta bort referensen %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1205 refs/packed-backend.c:1531
+#: refs/packed-backend.c:1541
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete reference %s: %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte ta bort referensen %s: %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1208 refs/packed-backend.c:1544
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete references: %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte ta bort referenser: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:35 wt-status.c:1850
+msgid "gone"
+msgstr "försvunnen"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d"
+msgstr "före %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:37
+#, c-format
+msgid "behind %d"
+msgstr "bakom %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:38
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d, behind %d"
+msgstr "före %d, bakom %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(color:<color>)"
+msgstr "förväntat format: %%(color:<color>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized color: %%(color:%s)"
+msgstr "okänd färg: %%(color:%s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:lstrip=%s"
+msgstr "Heltalsvärde förväntades refname:lstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:rstrip=%s"
+msgstr "Heltalsvärde förväntades refname:rstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(%s) argument: %s"
+msgstr "okänt %%(%s)-argument: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(body) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(body) tar inte argument"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(subject) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(subject) tar inte argument"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown %%(trailers) argument: %s"
+msgstr "okänt %%(trailers)-argument: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:264
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected contents:lines=%s"
+msgstr "positivt värde förväntat contents:lines=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:266
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(contents) argument: %s"
+msgstr "okänt %%(contents)-argument: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:281
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected objectname:short=%s"
+msgstr "positivt värde förväntat objectname:short=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:285
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(objectname) argument: %s"
+msgstr "okänt %%(objectname)-argument: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(align:<width>,<position>)"
+msgstr "förväntat format: %%(align:<bredd>,<position>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:327
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized position:%s"
+msgstr "okänd position:%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:334
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized width:%s"
+msgstr "okänd bredd:%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(align) argument: %s"
+msgstr "okänt %%(align)-argument: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:351
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive width expected with the %%(align) atom"
+msgstr "positiv bredd förväntad med atomen %%(align)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:369
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(if) argument: %s"
+msgstr "okänt %%(if)-argument: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:464
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "felformat fältnamn: %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:491
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "okänt fältnamn: %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:608
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(if) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "format: atomen %%(if) använd utan en %%(then)-atom"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "format: atomen %%(then) använd utan en %%(if)-atom"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:673
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "format: atomen %%(then) använd mer än en gång"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:675
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used after %%(else)"
+msgstr "format: atomen %%(then) använd efter %%(else)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:703
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "format: atomen %%(else) använd utan en %%(if)-atom"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:705
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "format: atomen %%(else) använd utan en %%(then)-atom"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:707
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "format: atomen %%(else) använd mer än en gång"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:722
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom used without corresponding atom"
+msgstr "format: atomen %%(end) använd utan motsvarande atom"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed format string %s"
+msgstr "felformad formatsträng %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1387
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
+msgstr "(ingen gren, ombaserar %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1390
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing detached HEAD %s)"
+msgstr "(ingen gren, ombaserar frånkopplat HEAD %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1393
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
+msgstr "(ingen gren, \"bisect\" startad på %s)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached at " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1401
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached at %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD frånkopplat vid %s)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached from " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1408
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached from %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD frånkopplat från %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1412
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr "(ingen gren)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1442
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing object %s for %s"
+msgstr "objektet %s saknas för %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1445
+#, c-format
+msgid "parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s"
+msgstr "parse_object_buffer misslyckades på %s för %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1902
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr "felformat objekt vid \"%s\""
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1984
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring ref with broken name %s"
+msgstr "ignorerar referens med trasigt namn %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1989
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring broken ref %s"
+msgstr "ignorerar trasig referens %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2261
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom missing"
+msgstr "format: atomen %%(end) saknas"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2365
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr "felformat objektnamn %s"
+
+#: remote.c:605
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot fetch both %s and %s to %s"
 msgstr "Kan inte hämta både %s och %s till %s"
 
-#: remote.c:786
+#: remote.c:609
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s usually tracks %s, not %s"
 msgstr "%s spårar vanligtvis %s, inte %s"
 
-#: remote.c:790
+#: remote.c:613
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s tracks both %s and %s"
 msgstr "%s spårar både %s och %s"
 
-#: remote.c:798
+#: remote.c:621
 msgid "Internal error"
 msgstr "Internt fel"
 
-#: remote.c:1980
+#: remote.c:1534 remote.c:1635
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr "HEAD pekar inte på en gren"
+
+#: remote.c:1543
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr "okänd gren: \"%s\""
+
+#: remote.c:1546
+#, c-format
+msgid "no upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr "ingen standarduppström angiven för grenen \"%s\""
+
+#: remote.c:1552
+#, c-format
+msgid "upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "uppströmsgrenen \"%s\" är inte lagrad som en fjärrspårande gren"
+
+#: remote.c:1567
+#, c-format
+msgid "push destination '%s' on remote '%s' has no local tracking branch"
+msgstr "push-målet \"%s\" på fjärren \"%s\" har ingen lokalt spårande gren"
+
+#: remote.c:1579
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' has no remote for pushing"
+msgstr "grenen \"%s\" har ingen fjärr för \"push\""
+
+#: remote.c:1589
+#, c-format
+msgid "push refspecs for '%s' do not include '%s'"
+msgstr "\"push\"-referensspecifikation för \"%s\" innehåller inte \"%s\""
+
+#: remote.c:1602
+msgid "push has no destination (push.default is 'nothing')"
+msgstr "\"push\" har inget mål (push.default är \"ingenting\")"
+
+#: remote.c:1624
+msgid "cannot resolve 'simple' push to a single destination"
+msgstr "\"enkel push\" motsvarar flera olika mål"
+
+#: remote.c:1939
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is based on '%s', but the upstream is gone.\n"
 msgstr "Din gren är baserad på \"%s\", men den har försvunnit uppströms.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1984
+#: remote.c:1943
 msgid "  (use \"git branch --unset-upstream\" to fixup)\n"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git branch --unset-upstream\" för att rätta)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1987
+#: remote.c:1946
 #, c-format
-msgid "Your branch is up-to-date with '%s'.\n"
+msgid "Your branch is up to date with '%s'.\n"
 msgstr "Din gren är à jour med \"%s\".\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1991
+#: remote.c:1950
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch and '%s' refer to different commits.\n"
+msgstr "Din gren och \"%s\" pekar på olika incheckningar.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1953
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"%s\" for details)\n"
+msgstr "  (använd \"%s\" för detaljer)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1957
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
 msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
 msgstr[0] "Din gren ligger före \"%s\" med %d incheckning.\n"
 msgstr[1] "Din gren ligger före \"%s\" med %d incheckningar.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1997
+#: remote.c:1963
 msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git push\" för att publicera dina lokala incheckningar)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2000
+#: remote.c:1966
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgid_plural ""
@@ -1096,11 +3231,11 @@ msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 "Din gren ligger efter \"%s\" med %d incheckningar, och kan snabbspolas.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2008
+#: remote.c:1974
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git pull\" för att uppdatera din lokala gren)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2011
+#: remote.c:1977
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
@@ -1115,40 +3250,102 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "Din gren och \"%s\" har divergerat,\n"
 "och har %d respektive %d olika incheckningar.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2021
+#: remote.c:1987
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git pull\" för att slå ihop fjärrgrenen med din egen)\n"
 
-#: run-command.c:87
+#: revision.c:2289
+msgid "your current branch appears to be broken"
+msgstr "din nuvarande gren verkar vara trasig"
+
+#: revision.c:2292
+#, c-format
+msgid "your current branch '%s' does not have any commits yet"
+msgstr "din nuvarande gren \"%s\" innehåller ännu inte några incheckningar"
+
+#: revision.c:2489
+msgid "--first-parent is incompatible with --bisect"
+msgstr "--first-parent är inkompatibelt med --bisect"
+
+#: run-command.c:728
 msgid "open /dev/null failed"
 msgstr "misslyckades öppna /dev/null"
 
-#: run-command.c:89
+#: run-command.c:1271
 #, c-format
-msgid "dup2(%d,%d) failed"
-msgstr "dup2(%d,%d) misslyckades"
+msgid ""
+"The '%s' hook was ignored because it's not set as executable.\n"
+"You can disable this warning with `git config advice.ignoredHook false`."
+msgstr ""
+"Kroken \"%s\" ignorerades eftersom den inte är markerad som körbar.\n"
+"Du kan inaktivera varningen med \"git config advice.ignoredHook false\"."
+
+#: send-pack.c:141
+msgid "unexpected flush packet while reading remote unpack status"
+msgstr "oväntat flush-paket vid läsning av fjärruppackningsstatus"
 
-#: send-pack.c:268
+#: send-pack.c:143
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse remote unpack status: %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka fjärruppackningsstatus: %s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote unpack failed: %s"
+msgstr "fjärruppackning misslyckades: %s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:308
 msgid "failed to sign the push certificate"
 msgstr "misslyckades underteckna push-certifikatet"
 
-#: send-pack.c:325
+#: send-pack.c:421
 msgid "the receiving end does not support --signed push"
 msgstr "mottagarsidan stöder inte push med --signed"
 
-#: sequencer.c:172 builtin/merge.c:782 builtin/merge.c:893 builtin/merge.c:995
-#: builtin/merge.c:1005
+#: send-pack.c:423
+msgid ""
+"not sending a push certificate since the receiving end does not support --"
+"signed push"
+msgstr ""
+"sänder inte push-certifikat eftersom mottagarsidan inte stlder push med --"
+"signed"
+
+#: send-pack.c:435
+msgid "the receiving end does not support --atomic push"
+msgstr "mottagarsidan stöder inte push med --atomic"
+
+#: send-pack.c:440
+msgid "the receiving end does not support push options"
+msgstr "mottagarsidan stöder inte push-flaggor"
+
+#: sequencer.c:175
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
-msgstr "Kunde inte öppna \"%s\" för skrivning"
+msgid "invalid commit message cleanup mode '%s'"
+msgstr "felaktigt incheckningsmeddelandestädningsläge \"%s\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:174 builtin/merge.c:344 builtin/merge.c:785 builtin/merge.c:997
-#: builtin/merge.c:1010
+#: sequencer.c:275
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
-msgstr "Kunde inte skriva till \"%s\""
+msgid "could not delete '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte ta bort \"%s\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:301
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr "revert"
+
+#: sequencer.c:303
+msgid "cherry-pick"
+msgstr "cherry-pick"
+
+#: sequencer.c:305
+msgid "rebase -i"
+msgstr "rebase -i"
 
-#: sequencer.c:195
+#: sequencer.c:307
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown action: %d"
+msgstr "Okänd funktion: %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:364
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
@@ -1156,7 +3353,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "efter att ha löst konflikterna, markera de rättade sökvägarna\n"
 "med \"git add <sökvägar>\" eller \"git rm <sökvägar>\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:198
+#: sequencer.c:367
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
@@ -1166,224 +3363,926 @@ msgstr ""
 "med \"git add <sökvägar>\" eller \"git rm <sökvägar>\"\n"
 "och checka in resultatet med \"git commit\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:211 sequencer.c:856 sequencer.c:939
+#: sequencer.c:380 sequencer.c:2468
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to %s"
-msgstr "Kunde inte skriva till %s"
+msgid "could not lock '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte låsa \"%s\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:214
+#: sequencer.c:382 sequencer.c:2346 sequencer.c:2472 sequencer.c:2486
+#: sequencer.c:2694 sequencer.c:4336 sequencer.c:4399 wrapper.c:656
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
-msgstr "Fel vid ombrytning av %s"
+msgid "could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva till \"%s\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:229
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
-msgstr "Dina lokala ändringar skulle skrivas över av \"cherry-pick\"."
+#: sequencer.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write eol to '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva radslut till \"%s\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:231
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
-msgstr "Dina lokala ändringar skulle skrivas över av \"revert\"."
+#: sequencer.c:392 sequencer.c:2351 sequencer.c:2474 sequencer.c:2488
+#: sequencer.c:2702
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finalize '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades färdigställa \"%s\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:234
-msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
-msgstr "Checka in dina ändringar eller använd \"stash\" för att fortsätta."
+#: sequencer.c:415 sequencer.c:804 sequencer.c:1493 sequencer.c:2371
+#: sequencer.c:2684 sequencer.c:2788 builtin/am.c:259 builtin/commit.c:727
+#: builtin/merge.c:1046
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa \"%s\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "your local changes would be overwritten by %s."
+msgstr "dina lokala ändringar skulle skrivas över av %s."
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
-#: sequencer.c:321
+#: sequencer.c:445
+msgid "commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr "checka in dina ändringar eller använd \"stash\" för att fortsätta."
+
+#: sequencer.c:474
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: fast-forward"
+msgstr "%s: snabbspola"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert", "cherry-pick" or
+#. "rebase -i".
+#.
+#: sequencer.c:563
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "%s: Kunde inte skriva ny indexfil"
 
-#: sequencer.c:339
-msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
-msgstr "Kunde inte bestämma HEAD:s incheckning\n"
+#: sequencer.c:579
+msgid "unable to update cache tree"
+msgstr "kan inte uppdatera cacheträd"
+
+#: sequencer.c:592
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD commit"
+msgstr "kunde inte bestämma HEAD:s incheckning"
+
+#: sequencer.c:749
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you have staged changes in your working tree\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"du har köade ändringar i din arbetskatalog.\n"
+"Om ändringarna skall läggas in i föregående incheckning, kör:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Om de skall checkas in i en egen incheckning, kör:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Oavsett vilket, när du är färdig fortsätter du med:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:818
+msgid "writing root commit"
+msgstr "skriver rotincheckning"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1043
+msgid "'prepare-commit-msg' hook failed"
+msgstr "kroken \"prepare-commit-msg\" misslyckades"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1050
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
+"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
+"your configuration file:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ditt namn och e-postadress konfigurerades automatiskt baserat på\n"
+"ditt användar-id och värdnamn. Kontrollera att de är riktiga. Du\n"
+"kan förhindra det här meddelandet genom att ställa dem explicit.\n"
+"Kör följande kommandon och följ instruktionerna i textredigeraren\n"
+"för att redigera din konfigurationsfil:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"När du gjort det kan du rätta identiteten som användes för den här\n"
+"incheckningen med:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1063
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ditt namn och e-postadress konfigurerades automatiskt baserat på\n"
+"ditt användar-id och värdnamn. Kontrollera att de är riktiga. Du\n"
+"kan förhindra det här meddelandet genom att ställa dem explicit:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Ditt namn\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email du@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"När du gjort det kan du rätta identiteten som användes för den här\n"
+"incheckningen med:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1103
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr "kunde inte slå upp en precis skapad incheckning"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1105
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka en precis skapad incheckning"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1151
+msgid "unable to resolve HEAD after creating commit"
+msgstr "kunde inte bestämma HEAD efter att ha skapat incheckning"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1153
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr "frånkopplad HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1157
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr " (rotincheckning)"
 
-#: sequencer.c:359
-msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
-msgstr "Kan inte uppdatera cacheträd\n"
+#: sequencer.c:1178
+msgid "could not parse HEAD"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:406
+#: sequencer.c:1180
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
-msgstr "Kunde inte tolka incheckningen %s\n"
+msgid "HEAD %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "HEAD %s är inte en incheckning!"
 
-#: sequencer.c:411
+#: sequencer.c:1184 builtin/commit.c:1528
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka HEAD:s incheckning"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1235 sequencer.c:1832
+msgid "unable to parse commit author"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka incheckningens författare"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1245 builtin/am.c:1630 builtin/merge.c:645
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr "git write-tree misslyckades skriva ett träd"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1262 sequencer.c:1317
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read commit message from '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa incheckningsmeddelande från \"%s\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1284 builtin/am.c:1650 builtin/commit.c:1631 builtin/merge.c:825
+#: builtin/merge.c:850
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva incheckningsobjekt"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1344
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka incheckningen %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1349
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka föräldraincheckningen %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1500 sequencer.c:1525
+#, c-format
+msgid "This is a combination of %d commits."
+msgstr "Det här är en kombination av %d incheckningar."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1510 sequencer.c:4355
+msgid "need a HEAD to fixup"
+msgstr "behöver en HEAD-incheckning att rätta"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1512 sequencer.c:2729
+msgid "could not read HEAD"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1514
+msgid "could not read HEAD's commit message"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa HEAD:s incheckningsmeddelande"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1520
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte skriva \"%s\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1527 git-rebase--interactive.sh:457
+msgid "This is the 1st commit message:"
+msgstr "Det här är 1:a incheckningsmeddelandet:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1535
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message of %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa incheckningsmeddelande för %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1542
+#, c-format
+msgid "This is the commit message #%d:"
+msgstr "Det här är incheckningsmeddelande %d:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1548
+#, c-format
+msgid "The commit message #%d will be skipped:"
+msgstr "Incheckningsmeddelande %d kommer hoppas över:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1553
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
-msgstr "Kunde inte tolka föräldraincheckningen %s\n"
+msgid "unknown command: %d"
+msgstr "okänt kommando: %d"
 
-#: sequencer.c:477
-msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
-msgstr "Din indexfil har inte slagits ihop."
+#: sequencer.c:1631
+msgid "your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr "din indexfil har inte slagits ihop."
 
-#: sequencer.c:496
+#: sequencer.c:1638
+msgid "cannot fixup root commit"
+msgstr "kan inte göra \"fixup\" på rotincheckning"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1657
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
-msgstr "Incheckning %s är en sammanslagning, men flaggan -m angavs inte."
+msgid "commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr "incheckning %s är en sammanslagning, men flaggan -m angavs inte."
 
-#: sequencer.c:504
+#: sequencer.c:1665
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
-msgstr "Incheckning %s har inte förälder %d"
+msgid "commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr "incheckning %s har inte förälder %d"
 
-#: sequencer.c:508
+#: sequencer.c:1669
 #, c-format
-msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
-msgstr "Huvudlinje angavs, men incheckningen %s är inte en sammanslagning"
+msgid "mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgstr "huvudlinje angavs, men incheckningen %s är inte en sammanslagning."
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
-#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
-#: sequencer.c:521
+#: sequencer.c:1675
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr "kan inte hämta incheckningsmeddelande för %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be a "todo" command like
+#. "revert" or "pick", the second %s a SHA1.
+#: sequencer.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
 msgstr "%s: kan inte tolka föräldraincheckningen %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:525
+#: sequencer.c:1759
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
-msgstr "Kan inte hämta incheckningsmeddelande för %s"
+msgid "could not rename '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte byta namn på \"%s\" till \"%s\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:611
+#: sequencer.c:1813
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte ångra %s... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:612
+#: sequencer.c:1814
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte tillämpa %s... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:648
+#: sequencer.c:1864
 msgid "empty commit set passed"
 msgstr "den angivna uppsättningen incheckningar är tom"
 
-#: sequencer.c:656
+#: sequencer.c:1874
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
 msgstr "git %s: misslyckades läsa indexet"
 
-#: sequencer.c:660
+#: sequencer.c:1881
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
 msgstr "git %s: misslyckades uppdatera indexet"
 
-#: sequencer.c:720
+#: sequencer.c:1961
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
-msgstr "kan inte %s under en %s"
+msgid "%s does not accept arguments: '%s'"
+msgstr "%s tar inte argument: \"%s\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:742
+#: sequencer.c:1970
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse line %d."
-msgstr "Kan inte tolka rad %d."
+msgid "missing arguments for %s"
+msgstr "argument saknas för %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:747
-msgid "No commits parsed."
-msgstr "Inga incheckningar lästes."
+#: sequencer.c:2029
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "ogiltig rad %d: %.*s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:760
+#: sequencer.c:2037
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open %s"
-msgstr "Kunde inte öppna %s"
+msgid "cannot '%s' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "kan inte utföra \"%s\" utan en föregående incheckning"
 
-#: sequencer.c:764
+#: sequencer.c:2085 sequencer.c:4138 sequencer.c:4173
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not read %s."
-msgstr "kunde inte läsa %s."
+msgid "could not read '%s'."
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa \"%s\"."
 
-#: sequencer.c:771
+#: sequencer.c:2108
+msgid "please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "rätta det med \"git rebase --edit-todo\"."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2110
 #, c-format
-msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
-msgstr "Oanvändbart manus: %s"
+msgid "unusable instruction sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "oanvändbart manus: �%s�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2115
+msgid "no commits parsed."
+msgstr "inga incheckningar lästes."
 
-#: sequencer.c:801
+#: sequencer.c:2126
+msgid "cannot cherry-pick during a revert."
+msgstr "kan inte utföra \"cherry-pick\" under en \"revert\"."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2128
+msgid "cannot revert during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr "kan inte utföra \"revert\" under en \"cherry-pick\"."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2195
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid key: %s"
-msgstr "Felaktig nyckel: %s"
+msgid "invalid key: %s"
+msgstr "felaktig nyckel: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:804
+#: sequencer.c:2198
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
-msgstr "Felaktigt värde för %s: %s"
+msgid "invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "felaktigt värde för %s: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2269
+msgid "unusable squash-onto"
+msgstr "oanvändbar squash-onto"
 
-#: sequencer.c:816
+#: sequencer.c:2285
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
-msgstr "Trasigt manus: %s"
+msgid "malformed options sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "trasigt manus: �%s�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:837
+#: sequencer.c:2323
 msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
 msgstr "en \"cherry-pick\" eller \"revert\" pågår redan"
 
-#: sequencer.c:838
+#: sequencer.c:2324
 msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 msgstr "testa \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:842
+#: sequencer.c:2327
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
-msgstr "Kunde inte skapa \"sequencer\"-katalogen \"%s\""
+msgid "could not create sequencer directory '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte skapa \"sequencer\"-katalogen \"%s\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:858 sequencer.c:943
-#, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
-msgstr "Fel vid ombrytning av %s."
+#: sequencer.c:2341
+msgid "could not lock HEAD"
+msgstr "kunde inte låsa HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:877 sequencer.c:1013
+#: sequencer.c:2396 sequencer.c:3403
 msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
 msgstr "ingen \"cherry-pick\" eller \"revert\" pågår"
 
-#: sequencer.c:879
+#: sequencer.c:2398
 msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
 msgstr "kan inte bestämma HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:881
+#: sequencer.c:2400 sequencer.c:2435
 msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr "kan inte avbryta från en gren som ännu inte är född"
 
-#: sequencer.c:903 builtin/apply.c:4128
+#: sequencer.c:2421 builtin/grep.c:720
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
-msgstr "kan inte öppna %s: %s"
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte öppna \"%s\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:906
+#: sequencer.c:2423
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
-msgstr "kan inte läsa %s: %s"
+msgid "cannot read '%s': %s"
+msgstr "kan inte läsa \"%s\": %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:907
+#: sequencer.c:2424
 msgid "unexpected end of file"
 msgstr "oväntat filslut"
 
-#: sequencer.c:913
+#: sequencer.c:2430
 #, c-format
 msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
 msgstr "sparad HEAD-fil från före \"cherry-pick\", \"%s\", är trasig"
 
-#: sequencer.c:936
+#: sequencer.c:2441
+msgid "You seem to have moved HEAD. Not rewinding, check your HEAD!"
+msgstr ""
+"Du verkar ha flyttat HEAD.\n"
+"Spolar inte tillbaka, kontrollera HEAD!"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2545 sequencer.c:3321
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte uppdatera %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2583 sequencer.c:3301
+msgid "cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "kan inte läsa HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2618 sequencer.c:2622 builtin/difftool.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte kopiera in \"%s\" till \"%s\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2641
+msgid "could not read index"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa indexet"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2646
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution failed: %s\n"
+"%sYou can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"körningen misslyckades: %s\n"
+"%sDu kan rätta problemet och sedan köra\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2652
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+msgstr "och gjorde ändringar till indexet och/eller arbetskatalogen\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2658
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution succeeded: %s\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"körningen lyckades: %s\n"
+"men lämnade kvar ändringar i indexet och/eller arbetskatalogen\n"
+"Checka in eller utför \"stash\" på ändringarna och kör sedan\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2771
+msgid "writing fake root commit"
+msgstr "skriver fejkad rotincheckning"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2776
+msgid "writing squash-onto"
+msgstr "skriver squash-onto"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2811
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not format %s."
-msgstr "Kunde inte formatera %s."
+msgid "failed to find tree of %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte hitta trädet för %s."
 
-#: sequencer.c:1081
+#: sequencer.c:2829
+msgid "could not write index"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva indexet"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2861
+msgid "cannot merge without a current revision"
+msgstr "kan inte slå ihop utan en aktuell incheckning"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2884
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte upplösa \"%s\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2906
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get commit message of '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa incheckningsmeddelande för \"%s\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:2916 sequencer.c:2941
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva \"%s\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3005
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not even attempt to merge '%.*s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte ens försöka slå ihop \"%.*s\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3021
+msgid "merge: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "sammanslagning: Kunde inte skriva ny indexfil"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3088
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied autostash.\n"
+msgstr "Tillämpade autostash.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3100
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot store %s"
+msgstr "kan inte spara %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3103 git-rebase.sh:188
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
+"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
+"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Tillämpning av autostash gav konflikter.\n"
+"Dina ändringar är säkra i stashen.\n"
+"Du kan när som helst använda \"git stash pop\" eller \"git stash drop\".\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not execute the todo command\n"
+"\n"
+"    %.*s\n"
+"It has been rescheduled; To edit the command before continuing, please\n"
+"edit the todo list first:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --edit-todo\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte köra todo-kommandot\n"
+"\n"
+"    %.*s\n"
+"Det har lagts tillbaka i kön; För att redigera kommandot innan du\n"
+"fortsätter, redigera först attgöra-listan:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --edit-todo\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3202
+#, c-format
+msgid "Stopped at %s...  %.*s\n"
+msgstr "Stoppade på %s... %.*s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3264
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command %d"
+msgstr "okänt kommando %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3309
+msgid "could not read orig-head"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa orig-head"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3314 sequencer.c:4352
+msgid "could not read 'onto'"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa \"onto\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3328
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update HEAD to %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte uppdatera HEAD till %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3414
+msgid "cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "kan inte ombasera: Du har oköade ändringar."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3423
+msgid "cannot amend non-existing commit"
+msgstr "kan inte lägga till incheckning som inte finns"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3425
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid file: '%s'"
+msgstr "ogiltig fil: \"%s\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3427
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid contents: '%s'"
+msgstr "ogiltigt innehåll: \"%s\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3430
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please, commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Du har ändringar i arbetskatalogen som inte checkats in. Checka in dem\n"
+"först och kör sedan \"git rebase --continute\" igen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3455 sequencer.c:3493
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write file: '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva fil: \"%s\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:3508
+msgid "could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "kunde inte ta bort CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3515
+msgid "could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "kunde inte checka in köade ändringar."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3612
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"
-msgstr "%s: kan inte göra \"cherry-pick\" på typen \"%s\""
+msgstr "%s: kan inte göra \"cherry-pick\" på typen �%s�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1084
+#: sequencer.c:3616
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: bad revision"
 msgstr "%s: felaktig revision"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1118
-msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
-msgstr "Kan inte ångra som första incheckning"
+#: sequencer.c:3649
+msgid "can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr "kan inte ångra som första incheckning"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4098
+msgid "make_script: unhandled options"
+msgstr "make_script: flaggor som inte stöds"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4101
+msgid "make_script: error preparing revisions"
+msgstr "make_script: fel när revisioner skulle förberedas"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4142 sequencer.c:4177
+#, c-format
+msgid "unusable todo list: '%s'"
+msgstr "oanvändbar todo-lista: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4236
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unrecognized setting %s for option rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Ignoring."
+msgstr ""
+"okänd inställning %s för flaggan rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Ignorerar."
 
-#: sequencer.c:1119
-msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
-msgstr "Kan inte göra \"cherry-pick\" i ett tomt huvud"
+#: sequencer.c:4302
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: some commits may have been dropped accidentally.\n"
+"Dropped commits (newer to older):\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Varning: vissa incheckningar kan av misstag ha tappats.\n"
+"Tappade incheckningar (nyaste först):\n"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:440
+#: sequencer.c:4309
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"To avoid this message, use \"drop\" to explicitly remove a commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Use 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' to change the level of "
+"warnings.\n"
+"The possible behaviours are: ignore, warn, error.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"För att undvika det här meddelandet kan du använda \"drop\" för att "
+"explicit\n"
+"kasta en incheckning.\n"
+"\n"
+"Använd \"git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck\" för att ändra "
+"varningsnivån.\n"
+"Möjliga bettenden är: \"ignore\" (ignorera), \"warn\" (varna), \"error"
+"\" (fel).\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4321
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You can fix this with 'git rebase --edit-todo' and then run 'git rebase --"
+"continue'.\n"
+"Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Du kan rätta detta med \"git rebase --edit-todo\" följt av \"git rebase --"
+"continue\".\n"
+"Avbryt ombaseringen med \"git rebase --abort\".\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4375
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka incheckningen\" %s\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:4490
+msgid "the script was already rearranged."
+msgstr "skriptet har redan omordnats."
+
+#: setup.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is outside repository"
+msgstr "\"%s\" är utanför arkivet"
+
+#: setup.c:172
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s: no such path in the working tree.\n"
+"Use 'git <command> -- <path>...' to specify paths that do not exist locally."
+msgstr ""
+"%s: sökvägen finns inte i arbetskatalogen.\n"
+"Använd \"git <kommando> -- <sökväg>..\" för att ange sökvägar som inte finns "
+"lokalt."
+
+#: setup.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"tvetydigt argument \"%s\": okänd revision eller sökväg inte i "
+"arbetskatalogen.\n"
+"Använd \"--\" för att skilja sökvägar från revisioner, så här:\n"
+"\"git <kommando> [<revision>...] -- [<fil>...]\""
+
+#: setup.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' must come before non-option arguments"
+msgstr "flaggan \"%s\" måste anges före argument som inte är flaggor"
+
+#: setup.c:253
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"tvetydigt argument \"%s\": både revision och filnamn\n"
+"Använd \"--\" för att skilja sökvägar från revisioner, så här:\n"
+"\"git <kommando> [<revision>...] -- [<fil>...]\""
+
+#: setup.c:389
+msgid "unable to set up work tree using invalid config"
+msgstr "kan inte skapa arbetskatalog med felaktig konfiguration"
+
+#: setup.c:393
+msgid "this operation must be run in a work tree"
+msgstr "funktionen måste köras i en arbetskatalog"
+
+#: setup.c:503
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d"
+msgstr "Förväntade git-arkivversion <= %d, hittade %d"
+
+#: setup.c:511
+msgid "unknown repository extensions found:"
+msgstr "okända arkivutökningar hittades:"
+
+#: setup.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "error opening '%s'"
+msgstr "fel vid öppning av \"%s\""
+
+#: setup.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "too large to be a .git file: '%s'"
+msgstr "för stor för att vara en .git-fil: \"%s\""
+
+#: setup.c:534
+#, c-format
+msgid "error reading %s"
+msgstr "fel vid läsning av %s"
+
+#: setup.c:536
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid gitfile format: %s"
+msgstr "ogiltigt gitfilformat: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:538
+#, c-format
+msgid "no path in gitfile: %s"
+msgstr "ingen sökväg i gitfil: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:540
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: %s"
+msgstr "inte ett git-arkiv: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "'$%s' too big"
+msgstr "\"$%s\" för stor"
+
+#: setup.c:653
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: '%s'"
+msgstr "inte ett git-arkiv: \"%s\""
+
+#: setup.c:682 setup.c:684 setup.c:715
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte byta katalog (chdir) till \"%s\""
+
+#: setup.c:687 setup.c:743 setup.c:753 setup.c:792 setup.c:800 setup.c:815
+msgid "cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr "kan inte gå tillbaka till arbetskatalogen (cwd)"
+
+#: setup.c:813
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): %s"
+msgstr "inte ett git-arkiv (eller någon av föräldrakatalogerna): %s"
+
+#: setup.c:824
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%*s%s%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades ta status på \"%*ss%s%s\""
+
+#: setup.c:1054
+msgid "Unable to read current working directory"
+msgstr "Kan inte läsa aktuell arbetskatalog"
+
+#: setup.c:1066 setup.c:1072
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot change to '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte byta till \"%s\""
+
+#: setup.c:1085
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not a git repository (or any parent up to mount point %s)\n"
+"Stopping at filesystem boundary (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM not set)."
+msgstr ""
+"inte ett git-arkiv (eller någon av föräldrakatalogerna upp till "
+"monteringspunkten %s)\n"
+"Stoppar vid filsystemsgräns (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM är inte satt)."
+
+#: setup.c:1168
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"problem with core.sharedRepository filemode value (0%.3o).\n"
+"The owner of files must always have read and write permissions."
+msgstr ""
+"problem med filläges-värdet i core.sharedRepository (0%.3o).\n"
+"Ägaren av filerna måste alltid ha läs- och skrivbehörighet."
+
+#: setup.c:1211
+msgid "open /dev/null or dup failed"
+msgstr "misslyckades öppna /dev/null eller \"dup\""
+
+#: setup.c:1226
+msgid "fork failed"
+msgstr "\"fork\" misslyckades"
+
+#: setup.c:1231
+msgid "setsid failed"
+msgstr "\"setsid\" misslyckades"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:625
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" finns inte"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:651
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' as a linked checkout is not supported yet."
+msgstr "referensarkivet \"%s\" som en länkad utcheckning stöds inte ännu."
+
+#: sha1-file.c:657
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
+msgstr "referensarkivet \"%s\" är inte ett lokalt arkiv."
+
+#: sha1-file.c:663
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
+msgstr "referensarkivet \"%s\" är grunt"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
+msgstr "referensarkivet \"%s\" är ympat"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:442
+#, c-format
+msgid "short SHA1 %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "kort SHA1 %s är tvetydig"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:453
+msgid "The candidates are:"
+msgstr "Kandidaterna är:"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:695
 msgid ""
 "Git normally never creates a ref that ends with 40 hex characters\n"
 "because it will be ignored when you just specify 40-hex. These refs\n"
@@ -1405,362 +4304,829 @@ msgstr ""
 "Undersök referenserna och ta kanske bort dem. Stäng av meddelandet\n"
 "genom att köra \"git config advice.objectNameWarning false\""
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1068
-msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
-msgstr "HEAD pekar inte på en gren"
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1071
-#, c-format
-msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
-msgstr "Okänd gren: \"%s\""
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1073
-#, c-format
-msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
-msgstr "Ingen standarduppström angiven för grenen \"%s\""
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1077
-#, c-format
-msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
-msgstr "Uppströmsgrenen \"%s\" är inte lagrad som en fjärrspårande gren"
-
-#: submodule.c:64 submodule.c:98
+#: submodule.c:97 submodule.c:131
 msgid "Cannot change unmerged .gitmodules, resolve merge conflicts first"
 msgstr ""
 "Kan inte ändra .gitmodules-fil som inte slagits ihop, lös "
 "sammanslagningskonflikter först"
 
-#: submodule.c:68 submodule.c:102
+#: submodule.c:101 submodule.c:135
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find section in .gitmodules where path=%s"
 msgstr "Hittade inte någon sektion i .gitmodules där sökväg=%s"
 
-#: submodule.c:76
+#: submodule.c:109
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not update .gitmodules entry %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte uppdatera .gitmodules-posten %s"
 
-#: submodule.c:109
+#: submodule.c:142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not remove .gitmodules entry for %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte ta bort .gitmodules-posten för %s"
 
-#: submodule.c:120
+#: submodule.c:153
 msgid "staging updated .gitmodules failed"
 msgstr "misslyckades köa uppdaterad .gitmodules"
 
-#: submodule.c:1111 builtin/init-db.c:371
+#: submodule.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "in unpopulated submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "i ej utcheckad undermodul \"%s\""
+
+#: submodule.c:346
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "Sökvägsangivelsen \"%s\" är i undermodulen \"%.*s\""
+
+#: submodule.c:837
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule entry '%s' (%s) is a %s, not a commit"
+msgstr "undermodulposten \"%s\" (%s) är en %s, inte en incheckning"
+
+#: submodule.c:1069 builtin/branch.c:651 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1743
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr "Misslyckades slå upp HEAD som giltig referens."
+
+#: submodule.c:1375
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' not recognized as a git repository"
+msgstr "\"%s\" känns inte igen som ett git-arkiv"
+
+#: submodule.c:1513
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not start 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte starta \"git status\" i undermodulen \"%s\""
+
+#: submodule.c:1526
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not run 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte köra \"git status\" i undermodulen \"%s\""
+
+#: submodule.c:1619
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' has dirty index"
+msgstr "undermodulen \"%s\" har ett smutsigt index"
+
+#: submodule.c:1718
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"relocate_gitdir for submodule '%s' with more than one worktree not supported"
+msgstr ""
+"relocate_gitdir för undermodulen \"%s\", som har mer än en arbetskatalog, "
+"stöds ej"
+
+#: submodule.c:1730 submodule.c:1786
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup name for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte slå upp namnet för undermodulen \"%s\""
+
+#: submodule.c:1734 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1261
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte skapa katalogen \"%s\""
+
+#: submodule.c:1737
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Migrating git directory of '%s%s' from\n"
+"'%s' to\n"
+"'%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Migrerar git-katalogen för \"%s%s\" från\n"
+"\"%s\" till\n"
+"\"%s\"\n"
+
+#: submodule.c:1821
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte rekursera in i undermodulen \"%s\""
+
+#: submodule.c:1865
+msgid "could not start ls-files in .."
+msgstr "kunde inte starta ls-files i .."
+
+#: submodule.c:1904
+#, c-format
+msgid "ls-tree returned unexpected return code %d"
+msgstr "ls-tree returnerade en oväntad returkod %d"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:230
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring suspicious submodule name: %s"
+msgstr "ignorerar misstänkt undermodulnamn: %s"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:294
+msgid "negative values not allowed for submodule.fetchjobs"
+msgstr "negativa värden är inte tillåtna för submodule.fetchjobs"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:467
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create git link %s"
-msgstr "Kunde inte skapa gitlänk %s"
+msgid "invalid value for %s"
+msgstr "ogiltigt värde för %s"
 
-#: submodule.c:1122
+#: trailer.c:238
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not set core.worktree in %s"
-msgstr "Kunde inte sätta core.worktree i %s"
+msgid "running trailer command '%s' failed"
+msgstr "misslyckades utföra \"trailer\"-kommandot \"%s\""
 
-#: trailer.c:500 trailer.c:504 trailer.c:508 trailer.c:562 trailer.c:566
-#: trailer.c:570
+#: trailer.c:485 trailer.c:490 trailer.c:495 trailer.c:549 trailer.c:553
+#: trailer.c:557
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"
 msgstr "okänt värde \"%s\" för nyckeln \"%s\""
 
-#: trailer.c:552 trailer.c:557 builtin/remote.c:290
+#: trailer.c:539 trailer.c:544 builtin/remote.c:293
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than one %s"
 msgstr "mer än en %s"
 
-#: trailer.c:590
+#: trailer.c:730
 #, c-format
 msgid "empty trailer token in trailer '%.*s'"
 msgstr "tom släpradssymbol i släpraden \"%.*s\""
 
-#: trailer.c:710
+#: trailer.c:750
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read input file '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa indatafilen \"%s\""
 
-#: trailer.c:713
+#: trailer.c:753
 msgid "could not read from stdin"
-msgstr "Kunde inte läsa från standard in"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa från standard in"
+
+#: trailer.c:1008 builtin/am.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte ta status på %s"
+
+#: trailer.c:1010
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not a regular file"
+msgstr "filen %s är inte en normal fil"
+
+#: trailer.c:1012
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not writable by user"
+msgstr "filen %s är inte skrivbar av användaren"
+
+#: trailer.c:1024
+msgid "could not open temporary file"
+msgstr "kunde inte öppna temporär fil"
 
-#: unpack-trees.c:202
+#: trailer.c:1064
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not rename temporary file to %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte byta namn på temporär fil till %s"
+
+#: transport.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would set upstream of '%s' to '%s' of '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Skulle sätta uppströms för \"%s\" till \"%s\" från \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: transport.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid "transport: invalid depth option '%s'"
+msgstr "transport: ogiltig flagga för depth: �%s�"
+
+#: transport.c:584
+msgid "could not parse transport.color.* config"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka inställningen för transport.color.*"
+
+#: transport.c:996
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following submodule paths contain changes that can\n"
+"not be found on any remote:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Följande undermodulsökvägar innehåller ändringar som\n"
+"inte kan hittas av fjärrarna:\n"
+
+#: transport.c:1000
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Please try\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"or cd to the path and use\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"to push them to a remote.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Testa\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"eller cd till sökvägen och använd\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"för att sända dem till fjärren.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: transport.c:1008
+msgid "Aborting."
+msgstr "Avbryter."
+
+#: transport-helper.c:1087
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read ref %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte läsa referensen %s"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:31
+msgid "too-short tree object"
+msgstr "trädobjekt för kort"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:37
+msgid "malformed mode in tree entry"
+msgstr "felformat läge i trädpost"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:41
+msgid "empty filename in tree entry"
+msgstr "tomt filnamn i trädpost"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:113
+msgid "too-short tree file"
+msgstr "trädfil för kort"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Dina lokala ändringar av följande filer skulle skrivas över av utcheckning:\n"
+"%%sChecka in dina ändringar eller använd \"stash\" innan du byter gren."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:113
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Dina lokala ändringar av följande filer skulle skrivas över av utcheckning:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Dina lokala ändringar av följande filer skulle skrivas över av "
+"sammanslagning:\n"
+"%%sChecka in dina ändringar eller använd \"stash\" innan du byter gren."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Dina lokala ändringar av följande filer skulle skrivas över av "
+"sammanslagning:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Dina lokala ändringar av följande filer skulle skrivas över av \"%s\":\n"
+"%%sChecka in dina ändringar eller använd \"stash\" innan du \"%s\"."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Dina lokala ändringar av följande filer skulle skrivas över av \"%s\":\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Updating the following directories would lose untracked files in them:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Uppdatering av följande kataloger gör att ospårade filer går förlorade i "
+"dem:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:132
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Följande ospårade filer i arbetskatalogen skulle tas bort av utcheckningen:\n"
+"%%sFlytta eller ta bort dem innan du byter gren."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Följande ospårade filer i arbetskatalogen skulle tas bort av utcheckningen:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Följande ospårade filer i arbetskatalogen skulle tas bort av "
+"sammanslagningen:\n"
+"%%sFlytta eller ta bort dem innan du slår samman."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Följande ospårade filer i arbetskatalogen skulle tas bort av "
+"sammanslagningen:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:142
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Följande ospårade filer i arbetskatalogen skulle tas bort av \"%s\":\n"
+"%%sFlytta eller ta bort dem innan du \"%s\"."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:144
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Följande ospårade filer i arbetskatalogen skulle tas bort av \"%s\":\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:150
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Följande ospårade filer i arbetskatalogen skulle skrivas över av "
+"utcheckningen:\n"
+"%%sFlytta eller ta bort dem innan du byter gren."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Följande ospårade filer i arbetskatalogen skulle skrivas över av "
+"utcheckningen:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:155
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Följande ospårade filer i arbetskatalogen skulle skrivas över av "
+"sammanslagningen:\n"
+"%%sFlytta eller ta bort dem innan du byter gren."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Följande ospårade filer i arbetskatalogen skulle skrivas över av "
+"sammanslagningen:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:160
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Följande ospårade filer i arbetskatalogen skulle skrivas över av \"%s\":\n"
+"%%sFlytta eller ta bort dem innan du \"%s\"."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:162
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Följande ospårade filer i arbetskatalogen skulle skrivas över av \"%s\":\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid "Entry '%s' overlaps with '%s'.  Cannot bind."
+msgstr "Posten \"%s\" överlappar \"%s\". Kan inte binda."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update sparse checkout: the following entries are not up to date:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kan inte uppdatera gles utcheckning: följande poster är inte à jour:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:175
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be overwritten by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Följande filer i arbetskatalogen skulle skrivas över av uppdatering av gles "
+"utcheckning:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be removed by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Följande filer i arbetskatalogen skulle tas bort av uppdatering av gles "
+"utcheckning:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update submodule:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kan inte uppdatera undermodul:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting\n"
+msgstr "Avbryter\n"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:344
 msgid "Checking out files"
 msgstr "Checkar ut filer"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:120
+#: urlmatch.c:163
 msgid "invalid URL scheme name or missing '://' suffix"
 msgstr "ogiltig URL-schemanamn eller saknat \"://\"-suffix"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:144 urlmatch.c:297 urlmatch.c:356
+#: urlmatch.c:187 urlmatch.c:346 urlmatch.c:405
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %XX escape sequence"
 msgstr "ogiltig %XX-teckensekvens"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:172
+#: urlmatch.c:215
 msgid "missing host and scheme is not 'file:'"
 msgstr "värd saknas och schemat är inte \"file:\""
 
-#: urlmatch.c:189
+#: urlmatch.c:232
 msgid "a 'file:' URL may not have a port number"
 msgstr "en \"file:\"-URL kan inte innehålla portnummer"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:199
+#: urlmatch.c:247
 msgid "invalid characters in host name"
 msgstr "ogiltiga tecken i värdnamnet"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:244 urlmatch.c:255
+#: urlmatch.c:292 urlmatch.c:303
 msgid "invalid port number"
 msgstr "felaktigt portnummer"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:322
+#: urlmatch.c:371
 msgid "invalid '..' path segment"
 msgstr "felaktigt \"..\"-sökvägssegment"
 
-#: wrapper.c:509
+#: worktree.c:245 builtin/am.c:2147
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
-msgstr "kan inte komma åt \"%s\": %s"
+msgid "failed to read '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades läsa \"%s\""
 
-#: wrapper.c:530
+#: worktree.c:291
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to access '%s'"
-msgstr "kan inte komma åt \"%s\""
+msgid "'%s' at main working tree is not the repository directory"
+msgstr "\"%s\" i huvudarbetskatalogen är inte arkivkatalogen"
 
-#: wrapper.c:541
+#: worktree.c:302
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
-msgstr "kan inte slå upp aktuell användare i passwd-filen: %s"
+msgid "'%s' file does not contain absolute path to the working tree location"
+msgstr "filen \"%s\" innehåller inte absolut sökväg till arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: wrapper.c:542
-msgid "no such user"
-msgstr "okänd användare"
+#: worktree.c:314
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "\"%s\" finns inte"
+
+#: worktree.c:320
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a .git file, error code %d"
+msgstr "\"%s\" är inte en .git-fil, felkod %d"
+
+#: worktree.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point back to '%s'"
+msgstr "\"%s\" pekar inte tillbaka till \"%s\""
+
+#: wrapper.c:223 wrapper.c:393
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading and writing"
+msgstr "kunde inte öppna \"%s\" för läsning och skrivning"
+
+#: wrapper.c:227 wrapper.c:397 builtin/am.c:320 builtin/am.c:770
+#: builtin/am.c:862 builtin/merge.c:1043
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr "kunde inte öppna \"%s\" för läsning"
 
-#: wrapper.c:550
+#: wrapper.c:424 wrapper.c:624
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte komma åt \"%s\""
+
+#: wrapper.c:632
 msgid "unable to get current working directory"
 msgstr "kan inte hämta aktuell arbetskatalog"
 
-#: wt-status.c:150
+#: wt-status.c:154
 msgid "Unmerged paths:"
 msgstr "Ej sammanslagna sökvägar:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:177 wt-status.c:204
+#: wt-status.c:181 wt-status.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git reset %s <fil>...\" för att ta bort från kö)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:179 wt-status.c:206
+#: wt-status.c:183 wt-status.c:210
 msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git rm --cached <fil>...\" för att ta bort från kö)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:183
+#: wt-status.c:187
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git add <fil>...\" för att ange lösning)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:185 wt-status.c:189
+#: wt-status.c:189 wt-status.c:193
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git add/rm <fil>...\" som lämpligt för att ange lösning)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:187
+#: wt-status.c:191
 msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git rm <fil>...\" för att ange lösning)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:198
+#: wt-status.c:202 wt-status.c:1015
 msgid "Changes to be committed:"
 msgstr "Ändringar att checka in:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:216
+#: wt-status.c:220 wt-status.c:1024
 msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
 msgstr "Ändringar ej i incheckningskön:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:220
+#: wt-status.c:224
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (använd \"git add <fil>...\" för att uppdatera vad som skall checkas in)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:222
+#: wt-status.c:226
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (använd \"git add/rm <fil>...\" för att uppdatera vad som skall checkas in)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:223
+#: wt-status.c:227
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (använd \"git checkout -- <fil>...\" för att förkasta ändringar i "
 "arbetskatalogen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:225
+#: wt-status.c:229
 msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (checka in eller förkasta ospårat eller ändrat innehåll i undermoduler)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:237
+#: wt-status.c:241
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (använd \"git %s <fil>...\" för att ta med i det som skall checkas in)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:252
+#: wt-status.c:256
 msgid "both deleted:"
 msgstr "borttaget av bägge:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:254
+#: wt-status.c:258
 msgid "added by us:"
 msgstr "tillagt av oss:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:256
+#: wt-status.c:260
 msgid "deleted by them:"
 msgstr "borttaget av dem:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:258
+#: wt-status.c:262
 msgid "added by them:"
 msgstr "tillagt av dem:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:260
+#: wt-status.c:264
 msgid "deleted by us:"
 msgstr "borttaget av oss:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:262
+#: wt-status.c:266
 msgid "both added:"
 msgstr "tillagt av bägge:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:264
+#: wt-status.c:268
 msgid "both modified:"
 msgstr "ändrat av bägge:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:266
-#, c-format
-msgid "bug: unhandled unmerged status %x"
-msgstr "programfel: ej hanterad \"unmerged\"-status %x"
-
-#: wt-status.c:274
+#: wt-status.c:278
 msgid "new file:"
 msgstr "ny fil:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:276
+#: wt-status.c:280
 msgid "copied:"
 msgstr "kopierad:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:278
+#: wt-status.c:282
 msgid "deleted:"
 msgstr "borttagen:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:280
+#: wt-status.c:284
 msgid "modified:"
 msgstr "ändrad:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:282
+#: wt-status.c:286
 msgid "renamed:"
 msgstr "namnbytt:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:284
+#: wt-status.c:288
 msgid "typechange:"
 msgstr "typbyte:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:286
+#: wt-status.c:290
 msgid "unknown:"
 msgstr "okänd:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:288
+#: wt-status.c:292
 msgid "unmerged:"
 msgstr "osammanslagen:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:370
+#: wt-status.c:372
 msgid "new commits, "
 msgstr "nya incheckningar, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:372
+#: wt-status.c:374
 msgid "modified content, "
 msgstr "ändrat innehåll, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:374
+#: wt-status.c:376
 msgid "untracked content, "
 msgstr "ospårat innehåll, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:391
+#: wt-status.c:853
 #, c-format
-msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
-msgstr "programfel: diff-status %c ej hanterad"
+msgid "Your stash currently has %d entry"
+msgid_plural "Your stash currently has %d entries"
+msgstr[0] "Stashen innehåller just nu %d post"
+msgstr[1] "Stashen innehåller just nu %d poster"
 
-#: wt-status.c:758
+#: wt-status.c:885
 msgid "Submodules changed but not updated:"
 msgstr "Undermoduler ändrade men inte uppdaterade:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:760
+#: wt-status.c:887
 msgid "Submodule changes to be committed:"
 msgstr "Undermodulers ändringar att checka in:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:839
+#: wt-status.c:969
 msgid ""
-"Do not touch the line above.\n"
-"Everything below will be removed."
+"Do not modify or remove the line above.\n"
+"Everything below it will be ignored."
 msgstr ""
-"Rör inte raden ovan.\n"
-"Allt nedan kommer tas bort."
+"Raden ovan får inte ändras eller tas bort.\n"
+"Allt under den kommer tas bort."
 
-#: wt-status.c:930
+#: wt-status.c:1084
 msgid "You have unmerged paths."
 msgstr "Du har ej sammanslagna sökvägar."
 
-#: wt-status.c:933
+#: wt-status.c:1087
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
 msgstr "  (rätta konflikter och kör \"git commit\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:936
+#: wt-status.c:1089
+msgid "  (use \"git merge --abort\" to abort the merge)"
+msgstr "  (använd \"git merge --abort\" för att avbryta sammanslagningen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1094
 msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
 msgstr "Alla konflikter har rättats men du är fortfarande i en sammanslagning."
 
-#: wt-status.c:939
+#: wt-status.c:1097
 msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git commit\" för att slutföra sammanslagningen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:949
+#: wt-status.c:1107
 msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
 msgstr "Du är i mitten av en körning av \"git am\"."
 
-#: wt-status.c:952
+#: wt-status.c:1110
 msgid "The current patch is empty."
 msgstr "Aktuell patch är tom."
 
-#: wt-status.c:956
+#: wt-status.c:1114
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (rätta konflikter och kör sedan \"git am --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:958
+#: wt-status.c:1116
 msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git am --skip\" för att hoppa över patchen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:960
+#: wt-status.c:1118
 msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git am --abort\" för att återställa ursprungsgrenen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1020 wt-status.c:1037
+#: wt-status.c:1250
+msgid "git-rebase-todo is missing."
+msgstr "git-rebase-todo saknas."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1252
+msgid "No commands done."
+msgstr "Inga kommandon utförda."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1255
+#, c-format
+msgid "Last command done (%d command done):"
+msgid_plural "Last commands done (%d commands done):"
+msgstr[0] "Sista kommandot utfört (%d kommando utfört):"
+msgstr[1] "Sista kommandot utfört (%d kommandon utfört):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1266
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (see more in file %s)"
+msgstr "  (se fler i filen %s)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1271
+msgid "No commands remaining."
+msgstr "Inga kommandon återstår."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "Next command to do (%d remaining command):"
+msgid_plural "Next commands to do (%d remaining commands):"
+msgstr[0] "Nästa kommando att utföra (%d kommando återstår):"
+msgstr[1] "Följande kommandon att utföra (%d kommandon återstår):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1282
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --edit-todo\" to view and edit)"
+msgstr "  (använd \"git rebase --edit-todo\" för att visa och redigera)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1295
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr "Du håller på att ombasera grenen \"%s\" ovanpå \"%s\"."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1025 wt-status.c:1042
+#: wt-status.c:1300
 msgid "You are currently rebasing."
 msgstr "Du håller på med en ombasering."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1028
+#: wt-status.c:1314
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (rätta konflikter och kör sedan \"git rebase --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1030
+#: wt-status.c:1316
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git rebase --skip\" för att hoppa över patchen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1032
+#: wt-status.c:1318
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git rebase --abort\" för att checka ut ursprungsgrenen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1045
+#: wt-status.c:1324
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (alla konflikter rättade: kör \"git rebase --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1049
+#: wt-status.c:1328
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
@@ -1768,118 +5134,126 @@ msgstr ""
 "Du håller på att dela upp en incheckning medan du ombaserar grenen \"%s\" "
 "ovanpå \"%s\"."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1054
+#: wt-status.c:1333
 msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr "Du håller på att dela upp en incheckning i en ombasering."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1057
+#: wt-status.c:1336
 msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (Så fort din arbetskatalog är ren, kör \"git rebase --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1061
+#: wt-status.c:1340
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 "Du håller på att redigera en incheckning medan du ombaserar grenen \"%s\" "
 "ovanpå \"%s\"."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1066
+#: wt-status.c:1345
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr "Du håller på att redigera en incheckning under en ombasering."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1069
+#: wt-status.c:1348
 msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (använd \"git commit --amend\" för att lägga till på aktuell incheckning)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1071
+#: wt-status.c:1350
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git rebase --continue\" när du är nöjd med dina ändringar)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1081
+#: wt-status.c:1360
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently cherry-picking commit %s."
 msgstr "Du håller på med en \"cherry-pick\" av incheckningen %s."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1086
+#: wt-status.c:1365
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (rätta konflikter och kör sedan \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1089
+#: wt-status.c:1368
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (alla konflikter rättade: kör \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1091
+#: wt-status.c:1370
 msgid "  (use \"git cherry-pick --abort\" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (använd \"git cherry-pick --abort\" för att avbryta \"cherry-pick\"-"
 "operationen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1100
+#: wt-status.c:1379
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently reverting commit %s."
 msgstr "Du håller på med att ångra incheckningen %s."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1105
+#: wt-status.c:1384
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (rätta konflikter och kör sedan \"git revert --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1108
+#: wt-status.c:1387
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (alla konflikter rättade: kör \"git revert --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1110
+#: wt-status.c:1389
 msgid "  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git revert --abort\" för att avbryta ångrandet)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1121
+#: wt-status.c:1400
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."
 msgstr "Du håller på med en \"bisect\", startad från grenen \"%s\"."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1125
+#: wt-status.c:1404
 msgid "You are currently bisecting."
 msgstr "Du håller på med en \"bisect\"."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1128
+#: wt-status.c:1407
 msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (använd \"git bisect reset\" för att komma tillbaka till ursprungsgrenen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1303
+#: wt-status.c:1604
 msgid "On branch "
 msgstr "PÃ¥ grenen "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1310
+#: wt-status.c:1610
+msgid "interactive rebase in progress; onto "
+msgstr "interaktiv ombasering pågår; ovanpå "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1612
 msgid "rebase in progress; onto "
-msgstr "ombasering pågår; ovanpå"
+msgstr "ombasering pågår; ovanpå "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1317
+#: wt-status.c:1617
 msgid "HEAD detached at "
 msgstr "HEAD frånkopplad vid "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1319
+#: wt-status.c:1619
 msgid "HEAD detached from "
 msgstr "HEAD frånkopplad från "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1322
+#: wt-status.c:1622
 msgid "Not currently on any branch."
 msgstr "Inte på någon gren för närvarande."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1339
+#: wt-status.c:1642
 msgid "Initial commit"
 msgstr "Första incheckning"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1353
+#: wt-status.c:1643
+msgid "No commits yet"
+msgstr "Inga incheckningar ännu"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1657
 msgid "Untracked files"
 msgstr "Ospårade filer"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1355
+#: wt-status.c:1659
 msgid "Ignored files"
 msgstr "Ignorerade filer"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1359
+#: wt-status.c:1663
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
@@ -1891,32 +5265,32 @@ msgstr ""
 "lägga till nya filer själv (se \"git help status\")."
 
 # %s är nästa sträng eller tom.
-#: wt-status.c:1365
+#: wt-status.c:1669
 #, c-format
 msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
 msgstr "Ospårade filer visas ej%s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1367
+#: wt-status.c:1671
 msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
 msgstr " (använd flaggan -u för att visa ospårade filer)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1373
+#: wt-status.c:1677
 msgid "No changes"
 msgstr "Inga ändringar"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1378
+#: wt-status.c:1682
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
 msgstr ""
 "inga ändringar att checka in (använd \"git add\" och/eller \"git commit -a"
 "\")\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1381
+#: wt-status.c:1685
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
 msgstr "inga ändringar att checka in\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1384
+#: wt-status.c:1688
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
@@ -1925,672 +5299,650 @@ msgstr ""
 "inget köat för incheckning, men ospårade filer finns (spåra med \"git add"
 "\")\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1387
+#: wt-status.c:1691
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
 msgstr "inget köat för incheckning, men ospårade filer finns\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1390
+#: wt-status.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
 msgstr "inget att checka in (skapa/kopiera filer och spåra med \"git add\")\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1393 wt-status.c:1398
+#: wt-status.c:1697 wt-status.c:1702
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit\n"
 msgstr "inget att checka in\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1396
+#: wt-status.c:1700
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
 msgstr "inget att checka in (använd -u för att visa ospårade filer)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1400
+#: wt-status.c:1704
 #, c-format
-msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
+msgid "nothing to commit, working tree clean\n"
 msgstr "inget att checka in, arbetskatalogen ren\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1509
+#: wt-status.c:1817
+msgid "No commits yet on "
+msgstr "Inga incheckningar ännu på "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1821
 msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
 msgstr "HEAD (ingen gren)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1515
-msgid "Initial commit on "
-msgstr "Första incheckning på "
-
-#: wt-status.c:1547
-msgid "gone"
-msgstr "försvunnen"
+#: wt-status.c:1852
+msgid "different"
+msgstr "olika"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1549 wt-status.c:1557
+#: wt-status.c:1854 wt-status.c:1862
 msgid "behind "
 msgstr "efter "
 
-#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:55 builtin/clone.c:360
+#: wt-status.c:1857 wt-status.c:1860
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr "före "
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the action is e.g. "pull with rebase"
+#: wt-status.c:2366
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "kan inte %s: Du har oköade ändringar."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2372
+msgid "additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "dessutom innehåller dit index ändringar som inte har checkats in."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2374
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "kan inte %s: Ditt index innehåller ändringar som inte checkats in."
+
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:442
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
 msgstr "misslyckades ta bort länken \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:22
-msgid "git add [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git add [flaggor] [--] <sökväg>..."
+#: builtin/add.c:24
+msgid "git add [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git add [<flaggor>] [--] <sökväg>..."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:65
+#: builtin/add.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
 msgstr "diff-status %c förväntades inte"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:70 builtin/commit.c:275
+#: builtin/add.c:88 builtin/commit.c:266
 msgid "updating files failed"
 msgstr "misslyckades uppdatera filer"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:80
+#: builtin/add.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "remove '%s'\n"
 msgstr "ta bort \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:134
+#: builtin/add.c:173
 msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
-msgstr "Ospårade ändringar efter att ha uppdaterat indexet:"
+msgstr "Oköade ändringar efter att ha uppdaterat indexet:"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:194 builtin/rev-parse.c:785
+#: builtin/add.c:233 builtin/rev-parse.c:892
 msgid "Could not read the index"
 msgstr "Kunde inte läsa indexet"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:205
+#: builtin/add.c:244
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
-msgstr "Kunde inte öppna \"%s\" för skrivning"
+msgstr "Kunde inte öppna \"%s\" för skrivning."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:209
+#: builtin/add.c:248
 msgid "Could not write patch"
 msgstr "Kunde inte skriva patch"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:214
+#: builtin/add.c:251
+msgid "editing patch failed"
+msgstr "redigering av patch misslyckades"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:254
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte ta status på \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:216
+#: builtin/add.c:256
 msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
 msgstr "Tom patch. Avbryter."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:221
+#: builtin/add.c:261
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte tillämpa \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:231
+#: builtin/add.c:269
 msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
 msgstr "Följande sökvägar ignoreras av en av dina .gitignore-filer:\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:248 builtin/clean.c:875 builtin/fetch.c:108 builtin/mv.c:110
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/push.c:499 builtin/remote.c:1372
-#: builtin/rm.c:269
+#: builtin/add.c:289 builtin/clean.c:911 builtin/fetch.c:145 builtin/mv.c:123
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/pull.c:212 builtin/push.c:557
+#: builtin/remote.c:1342 builtin/rm.c:240 builtin/send-pack.c:165
 msgid "dry run"
 msgstr "testkörning"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:249 builtin/apply.c:4415 builtin/check-ignore.c:19
-#: builtin/commit.c:1326 builtin/count-objects.c:63 builtin/fsck.c:608
-#: builtin/log.c:1617 builtin/mv.c:109 builtin/read-tree.c:114
-msgid "be verbose"
-msgstr "var pratsam"
-
-#: builtin/add.c:251
+#: builtin/add.c:292
 msgid "interactive picking"
 msgstr "plocka interaktivt"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:252 builtin/checkout.c:1126 builtin/reset.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:293 builtin/checkout.c:1135 builtin/reset.c:302
 msgid "select hunks interactively"
 msgstr "välj stycken interaktivt"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:253
+#: builtin/add.c:294
 msgid "edit current diff and apply"
 msgstr "redigera aktuell diff och applicera"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:254
+#: builtin/add.c:295
 msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
 msgstr "tillåt lägga till annars ignorerade filer"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:255
+#: builtin/add.c:296
 msgid "update tracked files"
 msgstr "uppdatera spårade filer"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:256
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "renormalize EOL of tracked files (implies -u)"
+msgstr "åternormalisera radslut i spårade filer (implicerar -u)"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:298
 msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
 msgstr "registrera endast att sökvägen kommer läggas till senare"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:257
+#: builtin/add.c:299
 msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr "lägg till ändringar från alla spårade och ospårade filer"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:260
+#: builtin/add.c:302
 msgid "ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"
 msgstr "ignorera sökvägar borttagna i arbetskatalogen (samma som --no-all)"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:262
+#: builtin/add.c:304
 msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
 msgstr "lägg inte till, uppdatera endast indexet"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:263
+#: builtin/add.c:305
 msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
 msgstr "hoppa bara över filer som inte kan läggas till på grund av fel"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:264
+#: builtin/add.c:306
 msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
 msgstr "se om - även saknade - filer ignoreras i testkörning"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:307 builtin/update-index.c:974
+msgid "(+/-)x"
+msgstr "(+/-)x"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:307 builtin/update-index.c:975
+msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
+msgstr "överstyr exekveringsbiten för angivna filer"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:309
+msgid "warn when adding an embedded repository"
+msgstr "varna när ett inbyggt arkiv läggs till"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You've added another git repository inside your current repository.\n"
+"Clones of the outer repository will not contain the contents of\n"
+"the embedded repository and will not know how to obtain it.\n"
+"If you meant to add a submodule, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If you added this path by mistake, you can remove it from the\n"
+"index with:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"See \"git help submodule\" for more information."
+msgstr ""
+"Du har lagt till ett annat git-arkiv inuti aktuellt arkiv.\n"
+"Kloner av det yttre arkivet kommer inte innehålla innehållet från\n"
+"det inbäddade arkivet eller veta hur man får tag på det.\n"
+"Om du tänkte lägga till en undermodul, skrev:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Om du lade till sökvägen av misstag tar du bort den från indexet\n"
+"med:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Se �git help submodule� för ytterligare information."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:352
+#, c-format
+msgid "adding embedded git repository: %s"
+msgstr "lägger till inbäddat git-arkiv: %s"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:370
 #, c-format
 msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
 msgstr "Använd -f om du verkligen vill lägga till dem.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:293
+#: builtin/add.c:378
 msgid "adding files failed"
 msgstr "misslyckades lägga till filer"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:329
+#: builtin/add.c:416
 msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
 msgstr "-A och -u är ömsesidigt inkompatibla"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:336
+#: builtin/add.c:423
 msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
 msgstr "Flaggan --ignore-missing kan endast användas tillsammans med --dry-run"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:357
+#: builtin/add.c:427
+#, c-format
+msgid "--chmod param '%s' must be either -x or +x"
+msgstr "--chmod-parametern \"%s\" måste antingen vara -x eller +x"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:442
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
 msgstr "Inget angivet, inget tillagt.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:358
+#: builtin/add.c:443
 #, c-format
 msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
 msgstr "Kanske menade du att skriva \"git add .\"?\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:363 builtin/check-ignore.c:172 builtin/clean.c:919
-#: builtin/commit.c:333 builtin/mv.c:130 builtin/reset.c:235 builtin/rm.c:299
+#: builtin/add.c:448 builtin/check-ignore.c:177 builtin/checkout.c:280
+#: builtin/checkout.c:483 builtin/clean.c:958 builtin/commit.c:325
+#: builtin/diff-tree.c:114 builtin/mv.c:144 builtin/reset.c:241
+#: builtin/rm.c:270 builtin/submodule--helper.c:328
 msgid "index file corrupt"
 msgstr "indexfilen trasig"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:446 builtin/apply.c:4510 builtin/mv.c:279 builtin/rm.c:431
-msgid "Unable to write new index file"
-msgstr "Kunde inte skriva ny indexfil"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:58
-msgid "git apply [options] [<patch>...]"
-msgstr "git apply [flaggor] [<patch>...]"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:111
-#, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
-msgstr "okänt alternativ för whitespace: \"%s\""
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:126
-#, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
-msgstr "okänt alternativ för ignore-whitespace: \"%s\""
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:826
-#, c-format
-msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
-msgstr "Kan inte förbereda reguljärt uttryck för tidsstämpeln %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:835
-#, c-format
-msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
-msgstr "regexec returnerade %d för indata: %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:916
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
-msgstr "kan inte hitta filnamn i patchen på rad %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:414
+msgid "could not parse author script"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka författarskript"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:948
+#: builtin/am.c:498
 #, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
-msgstr "git apply: dålig git-diff - förväntade /dev/null, fick %s på rad %d"
+msgid "'%s' was deleted by the applypatch-msg hook"
+msgstr "\"%s\" togs bort av kroken applypatch-msg"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:952
+#: builtin/am.c:539
 #, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
-msgstr "git apply: dålig git-diff - motsägande nytt filnamn på rad %d"
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "Felaktig indatarad: \"%s\"."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:953
+#: builtin/am.c:576
 #, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
-msgstr "git apply: dålig git-diff - motsägande gammalt filnamn på rad %d"
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Misslyckades kopiera anteckningar från \"%s\" till \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:960
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
-msgstr "git apply: dålig git-diff - förväntade /dev/null på rad %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:602
+msgid "fseek failed"
+msgstr "\"fseek\" misslyckades"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1423
+#: builtin/am.c:790
 #, c-format
-msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
-msgstr "recount: förväntade rad: %.*s"
+msgid "could not parse patch '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka patchen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1480
-#, c-format
-msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
-msgstr "patch-fragment utan huvud på rad %d: %.*s"
+#: builtin/am.c:855
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr "Endast en StGIT-patchserie kan tillämpas åt gången"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1497
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
-"component (line %d)"
-msgid_plural ""
-"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
-"components (line %d)"
-msgstr[0] ""
-"git-diff-huvudet saknar filnamnsinformation när %d ledande sökvägskomponent\n"
-"tas bort (rad %d)"
-msgstr[1] ""
-"git-diff-huvudet saknar filnamnsinformation när %d ledande "
-"sökvägskomponenter\n"
-"tas bort (rad %d)"
+#: builtin/am.c:903
+msgid "invalid timestamp"
+msgstr "ogiltig tidsstämpel"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1657
-msgid "new file depends on old contents"
-msgstr "ny fil beror på gammalt innehåll"
+#: builtin/am.c:908 builtin/am.c:920
+msgid "invalid Date line"
+msgstr "ogiltig \"Date\"-rad"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1659
-msgid "deleted file still has contents"
-msgstr "borttagen fil har fortfarande innehåll"
+#: builtin/am.c:915
+msgid "invalid timezone offset"
+msgstr "ogiltig tidszons-offset"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1685
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
-msgstr "trasig patch på rad %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:1008
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr "Misslyckades detektera patchformat."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1721
+#: builtin/am.c:1013 builtin/clone.c:407
 #, c-format
-msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
-msgstr "nya filen %s beror på gammalt innehåll"
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades skapa katalogen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1723
-#, c-format
-msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
-msgstr "borttagna filen %s har fortfarande innehåll"
+#: builtin/am.c:1018
+msgid "Failed to split patches."
+msgstr "Misslyckades dela patchar."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1726
-#, c-format
-msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
-msgstr "** varning: filen %s blir tom men har inte tagits bort"
+#: builtin/am.c:1148 builtin/commit.c:351
+msgid "unable to write index file"
+msgstr "kan inte skriva indexfil"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1872
+#: builtin/am.c:1162
 #, c-format
-msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
-msgstr "trasig binärpatch på rad %d: %.*s"
+msgid "When you have resolved this problem, run \"%s --continue\"."
+msgstr "När du har löst problemet, kör \"%s --continue\"."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1901
+#: builtin/am.c:1163
 #, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
-msgstr "binärpatchen på rad %d känns inte igen"
+msgid "If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"%s --skip\" instead."
+msgstr "Om du hellre vill hoppa över patchen, kör \"%s --skip\" i stället."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2052
+#: builtin/am.c:1164
 #, c-format
-msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
-msgstr "patch med bara skräp på rad %d"
+msgid "To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"%s --abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"För att återgå till ursprunglig gren och sluta patcha, kör \"%s --abort\"."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2142
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
-msgstr "kunde inte läsa symboliska länken %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1271
+msgid "Patch is empty."
+msgstr "Patchen är tom."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2146
+#: builtin/am.c:1337
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to open or read %s"
-msgstr "kunde inte öppna eller läsa %s"
+msgid "invalid ident line: %.*s"
+msgstr "ogiltig ident-rad: %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2754
+#: builtin/am.c:1359
 #, c-format
-msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
-msgstr "felaktig inledning på rad: \"%c\""
+msgid "unable to parse commit %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka incheckningen %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2872
-#, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
-msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
-msgstr[0] "Stycke %d lyckades på %d (offset %d rad)."
-msgstr[1] "Stycke %d lyckades på %d (offset %d rader)."
+#: builtin/am.c:1554
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Arkivet saknar objekt som behövs för att falla tillbaka på 3-"
+"vägssammanslagning."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2884
-#, c-format
-msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
-msgstr "Sammanhang reducerat till (%ld/%ld) för att tillämpa fragment vid %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:1556
+msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
+msgstr "Använder indexinfo för att återskapa ett basträd..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2890
-#, c-format
+#: builtin/am.c:1575
 msgid ""
-"while searching for:\n"
-"%.*s"
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
 msgstr ""
-"vid sökning efter:\n"
-"%.*s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:2909
-#, c-format
-msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
-msgstr "saknar binära patchdata för \"%s\""
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3010
-#, c-format
-msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
-msgstr "binärpatchen kan inte tillämpas på \"%s\""
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3016
-#, c-format
-msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
-msgstr "binärpatchen på \"%s\" ger felaktigt resultat (förväntade %s, fick %s)"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3037
-#, c-format
-msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
-msgstr "patch misslyckades: %s:%ld"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3161
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot checkout %s"
-msgstr "kan inte checka ut %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3206 builtin/apply.c:3215 builtin/apply.c:3260
-#, c-format
-msgid "read of %s failed"
-msgstr "misslyckades läsa %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3240 builtin/apply.c:3462
-#, c-format
-msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
-msgstr "sökvägen %s har ändrat namn/tagits bort"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3321 builtin/apply.c:3476
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
-msgstr "%s: finns inte i indexet"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3325 builtin/apply.c:3468 builtin/apply.c:3490
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: %s"
-msgstr "%s: %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3330 builtin/apply.c:3484
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not match index"
-msgstr "%s: motsvarar inte indexet"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3432
-msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
-msgstr "patch för borttagning lämnar kvar filinnehåll"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3501
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: wrong type"
-msgstr "%s: fel typ"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3503
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
-msgstr "%s har typen %o, förväntade %o"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3604
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in index"
-msgstr "%s: finns redan i indexet"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3607
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
-msgstr "%s: finns redan i arbetskatalogen"
+"Har du handredigerat din patch?\n"
+"Den kan inte tillämpas på blobbar som antecknats i dess index."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3627
-#, c-format
-msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
-msgstr "nytt läge (%o) för %s motsvarar inte gammalt läge (%o)"
+#: builtin/am.c:1581
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr ""
+"Faller tillbaka på att patcha grundversionen och trevägssammanslagning..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3632
-#, c-format
-msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
-msgstr "nytt läge (%o) för %s motsvarar inte gammalt läge (%o) för %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1606
+msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
+msgstr "Misslyckades slå ihop ändringarna."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3640
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
-msgstr "%s: patchen kan inte tillämpas"
+#: builtin/am.c:1637
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr "tillämpar på en tom historik"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3653
+#: builtin/am.c:1683 builtin/am.c:1687
 #, c-format
-msgid "Checking patch %s..."
-msgstr "Kontrollerar patchen %s..."
+msgid "cannot resume: %s does not exist."
+msgstr "kan inte återuppta: %s finns inte."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3746 builtin/checkout.c:231 builtin/reset.c:135
-#, c-format
-msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
-msgstr "make_cache_entry misslyckades för sökvägen \"%s\""
+#: builtin/am.c:1703
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr ""
+"kan inte vara interaktiv om standard in inte är ansluten till en terminal."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3889
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
-msgstr "kan inte ta bort %s från indexet"
+#: builtin/am.c:1708
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
+msgstr "Incheckningskroppen är:"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3918
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
-msgstr "trasig patch för undermodulen %s"
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#.
+#: builtin/am.c:1718
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all: "
+msgstr "Tillämpa? Y=ja/N=nej/E=redigera/V=visa patch/A=godta alla: "
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3922
+#: builtin/am.c:1768
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
-msgstr "kan inte ta status på nyligen skapade filen \"%s\""
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "Smutsigt index: kan inte tillämpa patchar (smutsiga: %s)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3927
+#: builtin/am.c:1808 builtin/am.c:1879
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
-msgstr "kan inte skapa säkerhetsminne för nyligen skapade filen %s"
+msgid "Applying: %.*s"
+msgstr "Tillämpar: %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3930 builtin/apply.c:4038
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
-msgstr "kan inte lägga till cachepost för %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1824
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr "Inga ändringar -- Patchen har redan tillämpats."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3963
+#: builtin/am.c:1832
 #, c-format
-msgid "closing file '%s'"
-msgstr "stänger filen \"%s\""
+msgid "Patch failed at %s %.*s"
+msgstr "Patch misslyckades på %s %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4012
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
-msgstr "kan inte skriva filen \"%s\" läge %o"
+#: builtin/am.c:1838
+msgid "Use 'git am --show-current-patch' to see the failed patch"
+msgstr ""
+"Använd \"git am --show-current-patch\" för att se patchen som misslyckades"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4099
-#, c-format
-msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
-msgstr "Tillämpade patchen %s rent."
+#: builtin/am.c:1882
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
+msgstr ""
+"Inga ändringar - glömde du använda \"git add\"?\n"
+"Om det inte är något kvar att köa kan det hända att något annat redan\n"
+"introducerat samma ändringar; kanske du bör hoppa över patchen."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4107
-msgid "internal error"
-msgstr "internt fel"
+#: builtin/am.c:1889
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index.\n"
+"You should 'git add' each file with resolved conflicts to mark them as "
+"such.\n"
+"You might run `git rm` on a file to accept \"deleted by them\" for it."
+msgstr ""
+"Du har fortfarande ej sammanslagna sökvägar i indexet.\n"
+"Du bör köra �git add� på filer med lösta konflikter för att ange dem som "
+"lösta.\n"
+"Du kan köra �git rm� för att godta �borttagen av dem� för den."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4110
+#: builtin/am.c:1996 builtin/am.c:2000 builtin/am.c:2012 builtin/reset.c:324
+#: builtin/reset.c:332
 #, c-format
-msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
-msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
-msgstr[0] "Tillämpade patchen %%s med %d refuserad..."
-msgstr[1] "Tillämpade patchen %%s med %d refuserade..."
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr "Kan inte tolka objektet �%s�."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4120
-#, c-format
-msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
-msgstr "trunkerar .rej-filnamnet till %.*s.rej"
+#: builtin/am.c:2048
+msgid "failed to clean index"
+msgstr "misslyckades städa upp indexet"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4141
-#, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
-msgstr "Stycke %d tillämpades rent."
+#: builtin/am.c:2083
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"Du verkar ha flyttat HEAD sedan \"am\" sist misslyckades.\n"
+"Återställer inte till ORIG_HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4144
+#: builtin/am.c:2174
 #, c-format
-msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
-msgstr "Refuserar stycke %d."
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4234
-msgid "unrecognized input"
-msgstr "indata känns inte igen"
+msgid "Invalid value for --patch-format: %s"
+msgstr "Felaktigt värde för --patch-format: %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4245
-msgid "unable to read index file"
-msgstr "kan inte läsa indexfilen"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4362 builtin/apply.c:4365 builtin/clone.c:92
-#: builtin/fetch.c:93
-msgid "path"
-msgstr "sökväg"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4363
-msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
-msgstr "tillämpa inte ändringar som motsvarar given sökväg"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4366
-msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
-msgstr "tillämpa ändringar som motsvarar given sökväg"
+#: builtin/am.c:2210
+msgid "git am [<options>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"
+msgstr "git am [<flaggor>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4368
-msgid "num"
-msgstr "antal"
+#: builtin/am.c:2211
+msgid "git am [<options>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
+msgstr "git am [<flaggor>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4369
-msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
-msgstr "ta bort <antal> inledande snedstreck från traditionella diff-sökvägar"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4372
-msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
-msgstr "ignorera tillägg gjorda av patchen"
+#: builtin/am.c:2217
+msgid "run interactively"
+msgstr "kör interaktivt"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4374
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
-msgstr "istället för att tillämpa patchen, skriv ut diffstat för indata"
+#: builtin/am.c:2219
+msgid "historical option -- no-op"
+msgstr "historisk flagga -- no-op"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4378
-msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
-msgstr "visa antal tillagda och borttagna rader decimalt"
+#: builtin/am.c:2221
+msgid "allow fall back on 3way merging if needed"
+msgstr "tillåt falla tillbaka på trevägssammanslagning om nödvändigt"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4380
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
-msgstr "istället för att tillämpa patchen, skriv ut en summering av indata"
+#: builtin/am.c:2222 builtin/init-db.c:484 builtin/prune-packed.c:57
+#: builtin/repack.c:192
+msgid "be quiet"
+msgstr "var tyst"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4382
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
-msgstr "istället för att tillämpa patchen, se om patchen kan tillämpas"
+#: builtin/am.c:2224
+msgid "add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message"
+msgstr "lägg till \"Signed-off-by\"-rad i incheckningsmeddelandet"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2227
+msgid "recode into utf8 (default)"
+msgstr "koda om till utf8 (standard)"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2229
+msgid "pass -k flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "sänd flaggan -k till git-mailinfo"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2231
+msgid "pass -b flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "sänd flaggan -b till git-mailinfo"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2233
+msgid "pass -m flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "sänd flaggan -m till git-mailinfo"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2235
+msgid "pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit for mbox format"
+msgstr "sänd flaggan --keep-cr till git-mailsplit för mbox-formatet"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2238
+msgid "do not pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit independent of am.keepcr"
+msgstr "sänd inte flaggan --keep-cr till git-mailsplit oberoende av am.keepcr"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2241
+msgid "strip everything before a scissors line"
+msgstr "ta bort allting före en saxlinje"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2243 builtin/am.c:2246 builtin/am.c:2249 builtin/am.c:2252
+#: builtin/am.c:2255 builtin/am.c:2258 builtin/am.c:2261 builtin/am.c:2264
+#: builtin/am.c:2270
+msgid "pass it through git-apply"
+msgstr "sänd det genom git-apply"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2260 builtin/commit.c:1332 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:668 builtin/grep.c:853 builtin/merge.c:208
+#: builtin/pull.c:150 builtin/pull.c:208 builtin/repack.c:201
+#: builtin/repack.c:205 builtin/repack.c:207 builtin/show-branch.c:631
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:169 builtin/tag.c:383 parse-options.h:144
+#: parse-options.h:146 parse-options.h:258
+msgid "n"
+msgstr "n"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4384
-msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
-msgstr "se till att patchen kan tillämpas på aktuellt index"
+#: builtin/am.c:2266 builtin/branch.c:632 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38
+#: builtin/replace.c:543 builtin/tag.c:419 builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format"
+msgstr "format"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4386
-msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
-msgstr "tillämpa en patch utan att röra arbetskatalogen"
+#: builtin/am.c:2267
+msgid "format the patch(es) are in"
+msgstr "format för patch(ar)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4388
-msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
-msgstr "tillämpa också patchen (använd med --stat/--summary/--check)"
+#: builtin/am.c:2273
+msgid "override error message when patch failure occurs"
+msgstr "överstyr felmeddelanden när patchfel uppstår"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4390
-msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
-msgstr "försök en trevägssammanslagning om patchen inte kan tillämpas"
+#: builtin/am.c:2275
+msgid "continue applying patches after resolving a conflict"
+msgstr "fortsätt applicera patchar efter att ha löst en konflikt"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4392
-msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
-msgstr "bygg ett temporärt index baserat på inbyggd indexinformation"
+#: builtin/am.c:2278
+msgid "synonyms for --continue"
+msgstr "synonymer till --continue"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4394 builtin/checkout-index.c:198 builtin/ls-files.c:455
-msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
-msgstr "sökvägar avdelas med NUL-tecken"
+#: builtin/am.c:2281
+msgid "skip the current patch"
+msgstr "hoppa över den aktuella grenen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4397
-msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
-msgstr "se till att åtminstone <n> rader sammanhang är lika"
+#: builtin/am.c:2284
+msgid "restore the original branch and abort the patching operation."
+msgstr "återställ originalgrenen och avbryt patchningen."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4398
-msgid "action"
-msgstr "åtgärd"
+#: builtin/am.c:2287
+msgid "abort the patching operation but keep HEAD where it is."
+msgstr "avbryt patchningen men behåll HEAD där det är."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4399
-msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
-msgstr "detektera nya eller ändrade rader som har fel i blanktecken"
+#: builtin/am.c:2290
+msgid "show the patch being applied."
+msgstr "visa patchen som tillämpas."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4402 builtin/apply.c:4405
-msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
-msgstr "ignorera ändringar i blanktecken för sammanhang"
+#: builtin/am.c:2294
+msgid "lie about committer date"
+msgstr "ljug om incheckningsdatum"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4408
-msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
-msgstr "tillämpa patchen baklänges"
+#: builtin/am.c:2296
+msgid "use current timestamp for author date"
+msgstr "använd nuvarande tidsstämpel för författardatum"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4410
-msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
-msgstr "förvänta inte minst en rad sammanhang"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4412
-msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
-msgstr "lämna refuserade stycken i motsvarande *.rej-filer"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4414
-msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
-msgstr "tillåt överlappande stycken"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4417
-msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
-msgstr "tolerera felaktigt detekterade saknade nyradstecken vid filslut"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4420
-msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
-msgstr "lite inte på antalet linjer i styckehuvuden"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4422
-msgid "root"
-msgstr "rot"
+#: builtin/am.c:2298 builtin/commit.c:1468 builtin/merge.c:239
+#: builtin/pull.c:183 builtin/revert.c:112 builtin/tag.c:399
+msgid "key-id"
+msgstr "nyckel-id"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4423
-msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
-msgstr "lägg till <rot> i alla filnamn"
+#: builtin/am.c:2299
+msgid "GPG-sign commits"
+msgstr "GPG-signera incheckningar"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4445
-msgid "--3way outside a repository"
-msgstr "--3way utanför arkiv"
+#: builtin/am.c:2302
+msgid "(internal use for git-rebase)"
+msgstr "(används internt av git-rebase)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4453
-msgid "--index outside a repository"
-msgstr "--index utanför arkiv"
+#: builtin/am.c:2320
+msgid ""
+"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
+msgstr ""
+"Flaggan -b/--binary har varit utan funktion länge, och\n"
+"kommer tas bort. Vi ber dig att inte använda den längre."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4456
-msgid "--cached outside a repository"
-msgstr "--cached utanför arkiv"
+#: builtin/am.c:2327
+msgid "failed to read the index"
+msgstr "misslyckades läsa indexet"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4472
+#: builtin/am.c:2342
 #, c-format
-msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
-msgstr "kan inte öppna patchen \"%s\""
+msgid "previous rebase directory %s still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr "tidigare rebase-katalog %s finns fortfarande, men mbox angavs."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4486
+#: builtin/am.c:2366
 #, c-format
-msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
-msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
-msgstr[0] "undertryckte %d fel i blanksteg"
-msgstr[1] "undertryckte %d fel i blanksteg"
+msgid ""
+"Stray %s directory found.\n"
+"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
+msgstr ""
+"Kvarbliven katalog %s hittades.\n"
+"Använd \"git am --abort\" för att ta bort den."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4492 builtin/apply.c:4502
-#, c-format
-msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
-msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
-msgstr[0] "%d rad lägger till fel i blanksteg."
-msgstr[1] "%d rader lägger till fel i blanksteg."
+#: builtin/am.c:2372
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr "Lösningsoperation pågår inte, vi återupptar inte."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:8
+msgid "git apply [<options>] [<patch>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [<flaggor>] [<patch>...]"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:17
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create archive file '%s'"
-msgstr "Kunde inte skapa arkivfilen \"%s\""
+msgstr "kunde inte skapa arkivfilen \"%s\""
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:20
 msgid "could not redirect output"
@@ -2601,19 +5953,14 @@ msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
 msgstr "git archive: Fjärr utan URL"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:58
-msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
-msgstr "git archive: förväntade ACK/NAK, fick EOF"
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr "git archive: förväntade ACK/NAK, fick flush-paket"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
 msgstr "git archive: NACK %s"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:63
-#, c-format
-msgid "remote error: %s"
-msgstr "fjärrfel: %s"
-
 #: builtin/archive.c:64
 msgid "git archive: protocol error"
 msgstr "git archive: protokollfel"
@@ -2622,145 +5969,259 @@ msgstr "git archive: protokollfel"
 msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
 msgstr "git archive: förväntade en tömning (flush)"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:7
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:12
 msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
 msgstr "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:17
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:13
+msgid "git bisect--helper --write-terms <bad_term> <good_term>"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --write-terms <term-för-fel> <term-för-rätt>"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:14
+msgid "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid term"
+msgstr "\"%s\" är inte en giltig term"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't use the builtin command '%s' as a term"
+msgstr "kan inte använda det inbyggda kommandot \"%s\" som term"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't change the meaning of the term '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte ändra betydelsen av termen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:71
+msgid "please use two different terms"
+msgstr "termerna måste vara olika"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:78
+msgid "could not open the file BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "kunde inte öppna filen BISECT_TERMS"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:120
 msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
 msgstr "utför 'git bisect next'"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:19
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:122
+msgid "write the terms to .git/BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "skriv termerna i .git/BISECT_TERMS"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:124
+msgid "cleanup the bisection state"
+msgstr "städar upp bisect-tillstånd"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:126
+msgid "check for expected revs"
+msgstr "kontrollera för förväntade versioner"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:128
 msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
 msgstr "uppdatera BISECT_HEAD istället för att checka ut aktuell incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:30
-msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
-msgstr "git blame [flaggor] [rev-flaggor] [rev] [--] fil"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:143
+msgid "--write-terms requires two arguments"
+msgstr "--write-terms kräver två argument"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:147
+msgid "--bisect-clean-state requires no arguments"
+msgstr "--bisect-clean-state tar inga argument"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:29
+msgid "git blame [<options>] [<rev-opts>] [<rev>] [--] <file>"
+msgstr "git blame [<flaggor>] [<rev-flaggor>] [<rev>] [--] <fil>"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:34
+msgid "<rev-opts> are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+msgstr "<rev-flaggor> dokumenteras i git-rev-list(1)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:404
+#, c-format
+msgid "expecting a color: %s"
+msgstr "förväntade en färg: %s"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:35
-msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
-msgstr "[rev-flaggor] dokumenteras i git-rev-list(1)"
+#: builtin/blame.c:411
+msgid "must end with a color"
+msgstr "måste sluta med en färg"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2501
+#: builtin/blame.c:697
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid color '%s' in color.blame.repeatedLines"
+msgstr "felaktig färg \"%s\" i color.blame.repeatedLines"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:715
+msgid "invalid value for blame.coloring"
+msgstr "ogiltigt värde för blame.coloring"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:786
 msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
 msgstr "Visa klandringsposter när vi hittar dem, interaktivt"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2502
+#: builtin/blame.c:787
 msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Visa blank SHA-1 för gränsincheckningar (Standard: av)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2503
+#: builtin/blame.c:788
 msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Behandla inte rotincheckningar som gränser (Standard: av)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2504
+#: builtin/blame.c:789
 msgid "Show work cost statistics"
 msgstr "Visa statistik över arbetskostnad"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2505
+#: builtin/blame.c:790
+msgid "Force progress reporting"
+msgstr "Tvinga förloppsrapportering"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:791
 msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
 msgstr "Visa utdatapoäng för klandringsposter"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2506
+#: builtin/blame.c:792
 msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
 msgstr "Visa originalfilnamn (Standard: auto)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2507
+#: builtin/blame.c:793
 msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Visa ursprungligt radnummer (Standard: av)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2508
+#: builtin/blame.c:794
 msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
 msgstr "Visa i ett format avsett för maskinkonsumtion"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2509
+#: builtin/blame.c:795
 msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
 msgstr "Visa porslinsformat med per-rad-incheckningsinformation"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2510
+#: builtin/blame.c:796
 msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Använd samma utdataläge som git-annotate (Standard: av)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2511
+#: builtin/blame.c:797
 msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Visa rå tidsstämpel (Standard: av)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2512
+#: builtin/blame.c:798
 msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Visa lång inchecknings-SHA1 (Standard: av)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2513
+#: builtin/blame.c:799
 msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Undertryck författarnamn och tidsstämpel (Standard: av)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2514
+#: builtin/blame.c:800
 msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Visa författarens e-post istället för namn (Standard: av)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2515
+#: builtin/blame.c:801
 msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
 msgstr "Ignorera ändringar i blanksteg"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2516
+#: builtin/blame.c:802
+msgid "color redundant metadata from previous line differently"
+msgstr "färglägg redundant metadata från tidigare rader annorlunda"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:803
+msgid "color lines by age"
+msgstr "färglägg rader efter ålder"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:810
+msgid "Use an experimental heuristic to improve diffs"
+msgstr "Använd en experimentell algoritm för att förbättra diffar"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:812
 msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
 msgstr "Slösa extra cykler med att hitta bättre träff"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2517
+#: builtin/blame.c:813
 msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
 msgstr "Använd revisioner från <fil> istället för att anropa git-rev-list"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2518
+#: builtin/blame.c:814
 msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
 msgstr "Använd <fil>s innehåll som slutgiltig bild"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2519 builtin/blame.c:2520
+#: builtin/blame.c:815 builtin/blame.c:816
 msgid "score"
 msgstr "poäng"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2519
+#: builtin/blame.c:815
 msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
 msgstr "Hitta kopierade rader inuti och mellan filer"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2520
+#: builtin/blame.c:816
 msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
 msgstr "Hitta flyttade rader inuti och mellan filer"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2521
+#: builtin/blame.c:817
 msgid "n,m"
 msgstr "n,m"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2521
+#: builtin/blame.c:817
 msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
 msgstr "Behandla endast radintervallet n,m, med början på 1"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the maximum
-#. display width for a relative timestamp in "git blame"
-#. output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11 months ago", which
-#. takes 22 places, is the longest among various forms of
-#. relative timestamps, but your language may need more or
-#. fewer display columns.
-#: builtin/blame.c:2602
+#: builtin/blame.c:866
+msgid "--progress can't be used with --incremental or porcelain formats"
+msgstr "--progress kan inte användas med --incremental eller porslinsformat"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the
+#. maximum display width for a relative timestamp in
+#. "git blame" output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11
+#. months ago", which takes 22 places, is the longest
+#. among various forms of relative timestamps, but
+#. your language may need more or fewer display
+#. columns.
+#.
+#: builtin/blame.c:917
 msgid "4 years, 11 months ago"
 msgstr "4 år, 11 månader sedan"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:24
-msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
-msgstr "git branch [flaggor] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:25
-msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
-msgstr "git branch [flaggor] [-l] [-f] <grennamn> [<startpunkt>]"
+#: builtin/blame.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s has only %lu line"
+msgid_plural "file %s has only %lu lines"
+msgstr[0] "filen %s har bara %lu rad"
+msgstr[1] "filen %s har bara %lu rader"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:26
-msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
-msgstr "git branch [flaggor] [-r] (-d | -D) <grennamn>..."
+#: builtin/blame.c:1049
+msgid "Blaming lines"
+msgstr "Klandra rader"
 
 #: builtin/branch.c:27
-msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
-msgstr "git branch [flaggor] (-m | -M) [<gammal_gren>] <ny_gren>"
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+msgstr "git branch [<flaggor>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:28
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-l] [-f] <branch-name> [<start-point>]"
+msgstr "git branch [<flaggor>] [-l] [-f] <grennamn> [<startpunkt>]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:29
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r] (-d | -D) <branch-name>..."
+msgstr "git branch [<flaggor>] [-r] (-d | -D) <grennamn>..."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:30
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-m | -M) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [<flaggor>] (-m | -M) [<gammal_gren>] <ny_gren>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:31
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-c | -C) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [<flaggor>] (-c | -C) [<gammal_gren>] <ny_gren>"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:152
+#: builtin/branch.c:32
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+msgstr "git branch [<flaggor>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:33
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+msgstr "git branch [<flaggor>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:146
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
@@ -2769,7 +6230,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "tar bort grenen \"%s\" som har slagits ihop med\n"
 "         \"%s\", men ännu inte slagits ihop med HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:156
+#: builtin/branch.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
@@ -2778,12 +6239,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "tar inte bort grenen \"%s\" som inte har slagits ihop med\n"
 "         \"%s\", trots att den har slagits ihop med HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:170
+#: builtin/branch.c:164
 #, c-format
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte slå upp incheckningsobjekt för \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:174
+#: builtin/branch.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
@@ -2792,653 +6253,672 @@ msgstr ""
 "Grenen \"%s\" har inte slagits samman i sin helhet.\n"
 "Om du är säker på att du vill ta bort den, kör \"git branch -D %s\"."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:187
+#: builtin/branch.c:181
 msgid "Update of config-file failed"
 msgstr "Misslyckades uppdatera konfigurationsfil"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:215
+#: builtin/branch.c:212
 msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
 msgstr "kan inte ange -a med -d"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:221
+#: builtin/branch.c:218
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
 msgstr "Kunde inte slå upp incheckningsobjekt för HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:229
+#: builtin/branch.c:232
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
-msgstr "Kan inte ta bort grenen \"%s\" som du befinner dig på för närvarande."
+msgid "Cannot delete branch '%s' checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "Kan inte ta bort grenen \"%s\" som är utcheckad på \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:245
+#: builtin/branch.c:247
 #, c-format
-msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
-msgstr "fjärrgrenen \"%s\" hittades inte."
+msgid "remote-tracking branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "fjärrspårande grenen \"%s\" hittades inte."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:246
+#: builtin/branch.c:248
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr "grenen \"%s\" hittades inte."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:260
+#: builtin/branch.c:263
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
-msgstr "Fel vid borttagning av fjärrgrenen \"%s\""
+msgid "Error deleting remote-tracking branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Fel vid borttagning av fjärrspårande grenen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:261
+#: builtin/branch.c:264
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
 msgstr "Fel vid borttagning av grenen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:268
+#: builtin/branch.c:271
 #, c-format
-msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
-msgstr "Tog bort fjärrgrenen %s (var %s).\n"
+msgid "Deleted remote-tracking branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Tog bort fjärrspårande grenen %s (var %s).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:269
+#: builtin/branch.c:272
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
 msgstr "Tog bort grenen %s (var %s).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:370
-#, c-format
-msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
-msgstr "grenen \"%s\" pekar inte på en incheckning"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:459
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: gone]"
-msgstr "[%s: försvunnen]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:464
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s]"
-msgstr "[%s]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:469
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
-msgstr "[%s: bakom %d] "
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:471
-#, c-format
-msgid "[behind %d]"
-msgstr "[bakom %d] "
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:475
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
-msgstr "[%s: före %d] "
+#: builtin/branch.c:416 builtin/tag.c:58
+msgid "unable to parse format string"
+msgstr "kan inte tolka formatsträng"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:477
+#: builtin/branch.c:453
 #, c-format
-msgid "[ahead %d]"
-msgstr "[före %d] "
+msgid "Branch %s is being rebased at %s"
+msgstr "Grenen %s ombaseras på %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:480
+#: builtin/branch.c:457
 #, c-format
-msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
-msgstr "[%s: före %d, bakom %d] "
+msgid "Branch %s is being bisected at %s"
+msgstr "Grenen %s är i en \"bisect\" på %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:483
-#, c-format
-msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
-msgstr "[före %d, bakom %d] "
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:496
-msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
-msgstr " **** ogiltig ref ****"
+#: builtin/branch.c:474
+msgid "cannot copy the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr "kunde inte kopiera aktuell gren när du inte befinner dig på någon."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:587
-#, c-format
-msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
-msgstr "(ingen gren, ombaserar %s)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:590
-#, c-format
-msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
-msgstr "(ingen gren, \"bisect\" startad på %s)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:593
-#, c-format
-msgid "(detached from %s)"
-msgstr "(frånkopplad från %s)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:596
-msgid "(no branch)"
-msgstr "(ingen gren)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:643
-#, c-format
-msgid "object '%s' does not point to a commit"
-msgstr "objektet \"%s\" pekar på en incheckning"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:691
-msgid "some refs could not be read"
-msgstr "vissa referenser kunde inte läsas"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:704
+#: builtin/branch.c:476
 msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
 msgstr ""
 "kunde inte byta namn på aktuell gren när du inte befinner dig på någon."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:714
+#: builtin/branch.c:487
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
 msgstr "Felaktigt namn på gren: \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:729
+#: builtin/branch.c:514
 msgid "Branch rename failed"
 msgstr "Misslyckades byta namn på gren"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:733
+#: builtin/branch.c:516
+msgid "Branch copy failed"
+msgstr "Misslyckades kopiera gren"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:520
+#, c-format
+msgid "Created a copy of a misnamed branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Skapade kopia av felaktigt namngiven gren \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:523
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
 msgstr "Bytte bort namn på en felaktigt namngiven gren \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:737
+#: builtin/branch.c:529
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
 msgstr "Grenen namnbytt till %s, men HEAD har inte uppdaterats!"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:744
+#: builtin/branch.c:538
 msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
 msgstr "Grenen namnbytt, men misslyckades uppdatera konfigurationsfilen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:759
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name %s"
-msgstr "felformat objektnamn %s"
+#: builtin/branch.c:540
+msgid "Branch is copied, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "Grenen kopierades, men misslyckades uppdatera konfigurationsfilen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:783
+#: builtin/branch.c:556
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
-msgstr "kunde inte skriva grenbeskrivningsmall: %s"
+msgid ""
+"Please edit the description for the branch\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be stripped.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Redigera beskrivningen för grenen\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Rader som inleds med \"%c\" ignoreras.\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:813
+#: builtin/branch.c:589
 msgid "Generic options"
 msgstr "Allmänna flaggor"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:815
+#: builtin/branch.c:591
 msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
 msgstr "visa hash och ärenderad, ange två gånger för uppströmsgren"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:816
+#: builtin/branch.c:592
 msgid "suppress informational messages"
 msgstr "undertryck informationsmeddelanden"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:817
+#: builtin/branch.c:593
 msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
 msgstr "ställ in spårningsläge (se git-pull(1))"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:819
-msgid "change upstream info"
-msgstr "ändra uppströmsinformation"
+#: builtin/branch.c:595
+msgid "do not use"
+msgstr "använd ej"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
+msgid "upstream"
+msgstr "uppströms"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
+msgid "change the upstream info"
+msgstr "ändra uppströmsinformationen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:823
+#: builtin/branch.c:598
+msgid "Unset the upstream info"
+msgstr "Ta bort uppströmsinformationen"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:599
 msgid "use colored output"
 msgstr "använd färgad utdata"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:824
+#: builtin/branch.c:600
 msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "arbeta på fjärrspårande grenar"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:827 builtin/branch.c:833 builtin/branch.c:854
-#: builtin/branch.c:860 builtin/commit.c:1586 builtin/commit.c:1587
-#: builtin/commit.c:1588 builtin/commit.c:1589 builtin/tag.c:616
-#: builtin/tag.c:622
-msgid "commit"
-msgstr "incheckning"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:828 builtin/branch.c:834
+#: builtin/branch.c:602 builtin/branch.c:604
 msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
 msgstr "visa endast grenar som innehåller incheckningen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:840
+#: builtin/branch.c:603 builtin/branch.c:605
+msgid "print only branches that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "visa endast grenar som inte innehåller incheckningen"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:608
 msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
 msgstr "Specifika git-branch-åtgärder:"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:841
+#: builtin/branch.c:609
 msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "visa både fjärrspårande och lokala grenar"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:843
+#: builtin/branch.c:611
 msgid "delete fully merged branch"
 msgstr "ta bort helt sammanslagen gren"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:844
+#: builtin/branch.c:612
 msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
 msgstr "ta bort gren (även om inte helt sammanslagen)"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:845
+#: builtin/branch.c:613
 msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
 msgstr "flytta/ta bort en gren och dess reflogg"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:846
+#: builtin/branch.c:614
 msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
 msgstr "flytta/ta bort en gren, även om målet finns"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:847
+#: builtin/branch.c:615
+msgid "copy a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr "kopiera en gren och dess reflogg"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:616
+msgid "copy a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr "kopiera en gren, även om målet finns"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:617
 msgid "list branch names"
 msgstr "lista namn på grenar"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:848
+#: builtin/branch.c:618
 msgid "create the branch's reflog"
 msgstr "skapa grenens reflogg"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:850
+#: builtin/branch.c:620
 msgid "edit the description for the branch"
 msgstr "redigera beskrivning för grenen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:851
+#: builtin/branch.c:621
 msgid "force creation, move/rename, deletion"
 msgstr "tvinga skapande, flytt/namnändring, borttagande"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:854
-msgid "print only not merged branches"
-msgstr "visa endast ej sammanslagna grenar"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:860
-msgid "print only merged branches"
+#: builtin/branch.c:622
+msgid "print only branches that are merged"
 msgstr "visa endast sammanslagna grenar"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:864
+#: builtin/branch.c:623
+msgid "print only branches that are not merged"
+msgstr "visa endast ej sammanslagna grenar"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:624
 msgid "list branches in columns"
 msgstr "visa grenar i spalter"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:877
-msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
-msgstr "Misslyckades slå upp HEAD som giltig referens"
+#: builtin/branch.c:625 builtin/for-each-ref.c:40 builtin/ls-remote.c:70
+#: builtin/tag.c:412
+msgid "key"
+msgstr "nyckel"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:626 builtin/for-each-ref.c:41 builtin/ls-remote.c:71
+#: builtin/tag.c:413
+msgid "field name to sort on"
+msgstr "fältnamn att sortera på"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:881 builtin/clone.c:637
+#: builtin/branch.c:628 builtin/for-each-ref.c:43 builtin/notes.c:408
+#: builtin/notes.c:411 builtin/notes.c:571 builtin/notes.c:574
+#: builtin/tag.c:415
+msgid "object"
+msgstr "objekt"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:629
+msgid "print only branches of the object"
+msgstr "visa endast grenar för objektet"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:631 builtin/for-each-ref.c:49 builtin/tag.c:422
+msgid "sorting and filtering are case insensitive"
+msgstr "sortering och filtrering skiljer gemener och VERSALER"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:632 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38 builtin/tag.c:420
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format to use for the output"
+msgstr "format att använda för utdata"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:655 builtin/clone.c:737
 msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
 msgstr "HEAD hittades inte under refs/heads!"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:903
+#: builtin/branch.c:678
 msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column och --verbose är inkompatibla"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:914 builtin/branch.c:953
+#: builtin/branch.c:693 builtin/branch.c:745 builtin/branch.c:754
 msgid "branch name required"
 msgstr "grennamn krävs"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:929
+#: builtin/branch.c:721
 msgid "Cannot give description to detached HEAD"
 msgstr "Kan inte beskriva frånkopplad HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:934
+#: builtin/branch.c:726
 msgid "cannot edit description of more than one branch"
 msgstr "kan inte redigera beskrivning för mer än en gren"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:941
+#: builtin/branch.c:733
 #, c-format
 msgid "No commit on branch '%s' yet."
-msgstr "Inga incheckningar på grenen \"%s\" ännu"
+msgstr "Inga incheckningar på grenen \"%s\" ännu."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:944
+#: builtin/branch.c:736
 #, c-format
 msgid "No branch named '%s'."
 msgstr "Ingen gren vid namnet \"%s\"."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:959
-msgid "too many branches for a rename operation"
-msgstr "för många grenar för namnbyte"
+#: builtin/branch.c:751
+msgid "too many branches for a copy operation"
+msgstr "för många grenar för kopiering"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:964
-msgid "too many branches to set new upstream"
-msgstr "för många grenar för att byta uppström"
+#: builtin/branch.c:760
+msgid "too many arguments for a rename operation"
+msgstr "för många flaggor för namnbyte"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:968
+#: builtin/branch.c:765
+msgid "too many arguments to set new upstream"
+msgstr "för många flaggor för att byta uppström"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:769
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when it does not point to any branch."
 msgstr ""
 "kunde inte sätta uppström för HEAD till %s när det inte pekar mot någon gren."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:971 builtin/branch.c:993 builtin/branch.c:1014
+#: builtin/branch.c:772 builtin/branch.c:794 builtin/branch.c:810
 #, c-format
 msgid "no such branch '%s'"
 msgstr "okänd gren \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:975
+#: builtin/branch.c:776
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "grenen \"%s\" finns inte"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:987
-msgid "too many branches to unset upstream"
-msgstr "för många grenar för att ta bort uppström"
+#: builtin/branch.c:788
+msgid "too many arguments to unset upstream"
+msgstr "för många flaggor för att ta bort uppström"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:991
+#: builtin/branch.c:792
 msgid "could not unset upstream of HEAD when it does not point to any branch."
 msgstr ""
 "kunde inte ta bort uppström för HEAD när det inte pekar mot någon gren."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:997
+#: builtin/branch.c:798
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
 msgstr "Grenen \"%s\" har ingen uppströmsinformation"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1011
-msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
-msgstr "kan inte skapa \"HEAD\" manuellt"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1017
+#: builtin/branch.c:813
 msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
 msgstr ""
 "flaggorna -a och -r på \"git branch\" kan inte anges tillsammans med ett "
 "grennamn"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1020
-#, c-format
+#: builtin/branch.c:816
 msgid ""
-"The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
-"track or --set-upstream-to\n"
+"the '--set-upstream' option is no longer supported. Please use '--track' or "
+"'--set-upstream-to' instead."
 msgstr ""
 "Flaggan --set-upstream rekommenderas ej och kommer tas bort. Använd --track "
-"eller --set-upstream-to\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1037
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"\n"
-"If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
-"\n"
-msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"Om du vill göra så att \"%s\" spårar \"%s\" gör du så här:\n"
-"\n"
+"eller --set-upstream-to istället."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1038
-#, c-format
-msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
-msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1039
-#, c-format
-msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
-msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#: builtin/bundle.c:45
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is okay\n"
 msgstr "%s är okej\n"
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+#: builtin/bundle.c:58
 msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
 msgstr "Behöver ett arkiv för att skapa ett paket (bundle)."
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+#: builtin/bundle.c:62
 msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
 msgstr "Behöver ett arkiv för att packa upp ett paket (bundle)."
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:328
-msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
-msgstr "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<typ>|--textconv) <objekt>"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:525
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <type> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<path>] <object>"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <typ> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<sökväg>] <objekt>"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:329
-msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
-msgstr "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <objektlista>"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:526
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:366
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:563
 msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 msgstr "<typ> kan vara en av: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:367
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:564
 msgid "show object type"
 msgstr "visa objekttyp"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:368
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:565
 msgid "show object size"
 msgstr "visa objektstorlek"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:370
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:567
 msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
 msgstr "avsluta med noll när det inte uppstått något fel"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:371
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:568
 msgid "pretty-print object's content"
 msgstr "visa objektets innehåll snyggt"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:373
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:570
 msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
-msgstr "för blob-objekt, kör textconv på objektets innehåll"
+msgstr "för blob-objekt, kör filter på objektets innehåll"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:572
+msgid "for blob objects, run filters on object's content"
+msgstr "för blob-objekt, kör filger på objektets innehåll"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:573 git-submodule.sh:894
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr "blob"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:574
+msgid "use a specific path for --textconv/--filters"
+msgstr "använd specifik sökväg för --textconv/--filters"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:576
+msgid "allow -s and -t to work with broken/corrupt objects"
+msgstr "låter -s och -t att fungera med trasiga/sönderskrivna objekt"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:375
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:577
+msgid "buffer --batch output"
+msgstr "buffra utdata från --batch"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:579
 msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr "visa information och innehåll för objekt som listas på standard in"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:378
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:582
 msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr "visa information för objekt som listas på standard in"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:11
-msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname..."
-msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] sökväg..."
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:585
+msgid "follow in-tree symlinks (used with --batch or --batch-check)"
+msgstr ""
+"följ symboliska länkar i trädet (använd med --batch eller --batch-check)"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:587
+msgid "show all objects with --batch or --batch-check"
+msgstr "visa alla objekt med --batch eller --batch-check"
 
 #: builtin/check-attr.c:12
-msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>"
-msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <sökvägslista>"
+msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | <attr>...] [--] <pathname>..."
+msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | <attr>...] [--] <sökväg>..."
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:19
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:13
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...]"
+msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...]"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
 msgid "report all attributes set on file"
 msgstr "visa alla attribut som satts på filen"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21
 msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
 msgstr "använd .gitattributes endast från indexet"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/check-ignore.c:22 builtin/hash-object.c:98
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:22 builtin/check-ignore.c:24 builtin/hash-object.c:100
 msgid "read file names from stdin"
 msgstr "läs filnamn från standard in"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:23 builtin/check-ignore.c:24
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:24 builtin/check-ignore.c:26
 msgid "terminate input and output records by a NUL character"
 msgstr "avsluta in- och utdataposter med NUL-tecken"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:18 builtin/checkout.c:1107 builtin/gc.c:274
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:20 builtin/checkout.c:1113 builtin/gc.c:500
 msgid "suppress progress reporting"
 msgstr "undertryck förloppsrapportering"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:26
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
 msgid "show non-matching input paths"
 msgstr "visa indatasökvägar som inte träffas"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:30
 msgid "ignore index when checking"
 msgstr "ignorera index vid kontroll"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:154
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
 msgid "cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
 msgstr "kan inte ange sökvägsnamn med --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:157
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:162
 msgid "-z only makes sense with --stdin"
 msgstr "-z kan endast användas tillsammans med --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:164
 msgid "no path specified"
 msgstr "ingen sökväg angavs"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:163
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
 msgid "--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
 msgstr "--quiet kan endast användas med ett enkelt sökvägsnamn"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:165
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:170
 msgid "cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"
 msgstr "kan inte använda både --quiet och --verbose"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:173
 msgid "--non-matching is only valid with --verbose"
 msgstr "--non-matching är endast giltig med --verbose"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:8
-msgid "git check-mailmap [options] <contact>..."
-msgstr "git check-mailmap [flaggor] <kontakt>..."
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:9
+msgid "git check-mailmap [<options>] <contact>..."
+msgstr "git check-mailmap [<flaggor>] <kontakt>..."
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:13
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:14
 msgid "also read contacts from stdin"
 msgstr "läs även kontakter från standard in"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:24
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:25
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse contact: %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte tolka kontakt: %s"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:47
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:48
 msgid "no contacts specified"
 msgstr "inga kontakter angavs"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
-msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git checkout-index [flaggor] [--] [<fil>...]"
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:128
+msgid "git checkout-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git checkout-index [<flaggor>] [--] [<fil>...]"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:188
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:143
+msgid "stage should be between 1 and 3 or all"
+msgstr "etapp måste vara mellan 1 och 3 eller \"all\""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:159
 msgid "check out all files in the index"
 msgstr "checka ut alla filer i indexet"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:189
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:160
 msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
 msgstr "tvinga överskrivning av befintliga filer"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:191
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:162
 msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
 msgstr "ingen varning för existerande filer och filer ej i indexet"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:193
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:164
 msgid "don't checkout new files"
 msgstr "checka inte ut nya filer"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:195
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:166
 msgid "update stat information in the index file"
 msgstr "uppdatera stat-information i indexfilen"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:201
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:170
 msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
 msgstr "läs listan över sökvägar från standard in"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:203
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:172
 msgid "write the content to temporary files"
 msgstr "skriv innehåll till temporära filer"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:204 builtin/column.c:30
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:173 builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1216 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1219
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1227 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1591
+#: builtin/worktree.c:610
 msgid "string"
 msgstr "sträng"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:205
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:174
 msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
 msgstr "när filer skapas, lägg till <sträng> först"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:208
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:176
 msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
 msgstr "kopiera ut filer från namngiven etapp"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:25
-msgid "git checkout [options] <branch>"
-msgstr "git checkout [flaggor] <gren>"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:27
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] <branch>"
+msgstr "git checkout [<flaggor>] <gren>"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:26
-msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
-msgstr "git checkout [flaggor] [<gren>] -- <fil>..."
+#: builtin/checkout.c:28
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
+msgstr "git checkout [<flaggor>] [<gren>] -- <fil>..."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:132 builtin/checkout.c:165
+#: builtin/checkout.c:136 builtin/checkout.c:169
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
 msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" har inte vår version"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:134 builtin/checkout.c:167
+#: builtin/checkout.c:138 builtin/checkout.c:171
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
 msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" har inte deras version"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:150
+#: builtin/checkout.c:154
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
 msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" innehåller inte alla nödvändiga versioner"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:194
+#: builtin/checkout.c:198
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
 msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" innehåller inte nödvändiga versioner"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:211
+#: builtin/checkout.c:215
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
 msgstr "sökväg \"%s\": kan inte slå ihop"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:228
+#: builtin/checkout.c:231
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte lägga till sammanslagningsresultat för \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:249 builtin/checkout.c:252 builtin/checkout.c:255
-#: builtin/checkout.c:258
+#: builtin/checkout.c:253 builtin/checkout.c:256 builtin/checkout.c:259
+#: builtin/checkout.c:262
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
 msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas vid uppdatering av sökvägar"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:261 builtin/checkout.c:264
+#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:268
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas med %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:267
+#: builtin/checkout.c:271
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
 msgstr "Kan inte uppdatera sökvägar och växla till grenen \"%s\" samtidigt."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:278 builtin/checkout.c:467
-msgid "corrupt index file"
-msgstr "indexfilen är trasig"
-
-#: builtin/checkout.c:338 builtin/checkout.c:345
+#: builtin/checkout.c:340 builtin/checkout.c:347
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
 msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" har inte slagits ihop"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:489
+#: builtin/checkout.c:506
 msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
 msgstr "du måste lösa ditt befintliga index först"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:615
+#: builtin/checkout.c:643
 #, c-format
-msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
-msgstr "Kan inte skapa referenslog för \"%s\"\n"
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "Kan inte skapa referenslogg för \"%s\": %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:653
+#: builtin/checkout.c:684
 msgid "HEAD is now at"
 msgstr "HEAD är nu på"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:660
+#: builtin/checkout.c:688 builtin/clone.c:691
+msgid "unable to update HEAD"
+msgstr "kan inte uppdatera HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:692
 #, c-format
 msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Återställ gren \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:663
+#: builtin/checkout.c:695
 #, c-format
 msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Redan på \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:667
+#: builtin/checkout.c:699
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Växlade till och nollställde grenen \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:669 builtin/checkout.c:1050
+#: builtin/checkout.c:701 builtin/checkout.c:1046
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Växlade till en ny gren \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:671
+#: builtin/checkout.c:703
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Växlade till grenen \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:723
+#: builtin/checkout.c:754
 #, c-format
 msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
 msgstr " ... och %d till.\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:729
+#: builtin/checkout.c:760
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
@@ -3461,168 +6941,188 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "\n"
 "%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:747
+#: builtin/checkout.c:779
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
+"If you want to keep it by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgid_plural ""
 "If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
 "to do so with:\n"
 "\n"
-" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
 "\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Om du vill behålla den genom att skapa en ny gren är nu en bra tidpunkt\n"
+"att göra så, med:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <nytt_grennamn> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
 "Om du vill behålla dem genom att skapa en ny gren är nu en bra tidpunkt\n"
 "att göra så, med:\n"
 "\n"
-" git branch nytt_grennamn %s\n"
+" git branch <nytt_grennamn> %s\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:777
+#: builtin/checkout.c:811
 msgid "internal error in revision walk"
 msgstr "internt fel vid genomgång av revisioner (revision walk)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:781
+#: builtin/checkout.c:815
 msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
 msgstr "Tidigare position för HEAD var"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:808 builtin/checkout.c:1045
+#: builtin/checkout.c:843 builtin/checkout.c:1041
 msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr "Du är på en gren som ännu inte är född"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:952
+#: builtin/checkout.c:947
 #, c-format
 msgid "only one reference expected, %d given."
 msgstr "endast en referens förväntades, %d gavs."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:991
+#: builtin/checkout.c:987 builtin/worktree.c:240 builtin/worktree.c:389
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid reference: %s"
 msgstr "felaktig referens: %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1020
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
 #, c-format
 msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
 msgstr "referensen är inte ett träd: %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1059
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1055
 msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr "sökvägar kan inte användas vid byte av gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1062 builtin/checkout.c:1066
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1058 builtin/checkout.c:1062
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas vid byte av gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1070 builtin/checkout.c:1073 builtin/checkout.c:1078
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1081
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1066 builtin/checkout.c:1069 builtin/checkout.c:1074
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1077
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
 msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas med \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1086
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1082
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
 msgstr "Kan inte växla gren till icke-incheckningen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1108 builtin/checkout.c:1110 builtin/clone.c:90
-#: builtin/remote.c:159 builtin/remote.c:161
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1114 builtin/checkout.c:1116 builtin/clone.c:118
+#: builtin/remote.c:167 builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/worktree.c:433
+#: builtin/worktree.c:435
 msgid "branch"
 msgstr "gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1109
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1115
 msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
 msgstr "skapa och checka ut en ny gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1111
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1117
 msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
 msgstr "skapa/nollställ och checka ut en gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1112
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1118
 msgid "create reflog for new branch"
 msgstr "skapa reflogg för ny gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1113
-msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1119 builtin/worktree.c:437
+msgid "detach HEAD at named commit"
 msgstr "koppla från HEAD vid namngiven incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1114
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1120
 msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
 msgstr "sätt uppströmsinformation för ny gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
 msgid "new-branch"
 msgstr "ny-gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
 msgid "new unparented branch"
 msgstr "ny gren utan förälder"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1117
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1123
 msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
 msgstr "checka ut vår version för ej sammanslagna filer"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1119
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
 msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
 msgstr "checka ut deras version för ej sammanslagna filer"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1121
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1127
 msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
 msgstr "tvinga utcheckning (kasta bort lokala ändringar)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1129
 msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
 msgstr "utför en 3-vägssammanslagning för den nya grenen"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1123 builtin/merge.c:227
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1131 builtin/merge.c:241
 msgid "update ignored files (default)"
 msgstr "uppdatera ignorerade filer (standard)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1124 builtin/log.c:1239 parse-options.h:245
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1133 builtin/log.c:1499 parse-options.h:264
 msgid "style"
 msgstr "stil"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1134
 msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
 msgstr "konfliktstil (merge eller diff3)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1128
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1137
 msgid "do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only"
 msgstr "begränsa inte sökvägar till endast glesa poster"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1130
-msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
-msgstr "förutspå \"git checkout gren-saknas\""
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1139
+msgid "second guess 'git checkout <no-such-branch>'"
+msgstr "förutspå \"git checkout <gren-saknas>\""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1141
+msgid "do not check if another worktree is holding the given ref"
+msgstr ""
+"kontrollera inte om en annan arbetskatalog håller den angivna referensen"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1145 builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/fetch.c:149
+#: builtin/merge.c:238 builtin/pull.c:128 builtin/push.c:572
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:174
+msgid "force progress reporting"
+msgstr "tvinga förloppsrapportering"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1153
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1175
 msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
 msgstr "-b, -B och --orphan är ömsesidigt uteslutande"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1170
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1192
 msgid "--track needs a branch name"
 msgstr "--track behöver ett namn på en gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1175
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1197
 msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
 msgstr "Grennamn saknas; försök med -b"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1212
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1233
 msgid "invalid path specification"
 msgstr "felaktig sökvägsangivelse"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1219
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1240
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
-"Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
-msgstr ""
-"Kan inte uppdatera sökvägar och växla till grenen \"%s\" samtidigt.\n"
-"Ville du checka ut \"%s\" som inte kan lösas som en utcheckning?"
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit and a branch '%s' cannot be created from it"
+msgstr "�%s� är inte en incheckning och grenen �%s� kan inte skapas från den"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1224
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1244
 #, c-format
 msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
 msgstr "git checkout: --detach tar inte en sökväg som argument \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1228
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1248
 msgid ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
 "checking out of the index."
@@ -3662,19 +7162,21 @@ msgstr "Skulle hoppa över arkivet %s\n"
 msgid "failed to remove %s"
 msgstr "misslyckades ta bort %s"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:295
+#: builtin/clean.c:302 git-add--interactive.perl:579
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Prompt help:\n"
 "1          - select a numbered item\n"
 "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
-"           - (empty) select nothing"
+"           - (empty) select nothing\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Kommandohjälp:\n"
 "1          - markera en numrerad post\n"
 "foo        - markera post baserad på unikt prefix\n"
-"           - (tomt) markera ingenting"
+"           - (tomt) markera ingenting\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:299
+#: builtin/clean.c:306 git-add--interactive.perl:588
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Prompt help:\n"
 "1          - select a single item\n"
@@ -3683,7 +7185,7 @@ msgid ""
 "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
 "-...       - unselect specified items\n"
 "*          - choose all items\n"
-"           - (empty) finish selecting"
+"           - (empty) finish selecting\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Kommandohjälp:\n"
 "1          - markera en ensam post\n"
@@ -3692,37 +7194,40 @@ msgstr ""
 "foo        - markera post baserad på unikt prefix\n"
 "-...       - avmarkera specifika poster\n"
 "*          - välj alla poster\n"
-"           - (tomt) avsluta markering"
+"           - (tomt) avsluta markering\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:517
-#, c-format
-msgid "Huh (%s)?"
-msgstr "Vadå (%s)?"
+#: builtin/clean.c:522 git-add--interactive.perl:554
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:559
+#, c-format, perl-format
+msgid "Huh (%s)?\n"
+msgstr "Vadå (%s)?\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:659
+#: builtin/clean.c:664
 #, c-format
 msgid "Input ignore patterns>> "
 msgstr "Ange ignoreringsmönster>>"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:696
+#: builtin/clean.c:701
 #, c-format
 msgid "WARNING: Cannot find items matched by: %s"
 msgstr "VARNING: Hittar inte poster som motsvarar: %s"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:717
+#: builtin/clean.c:722
 msgid "Select items to delete"
 msgstr "Välj poster att ta bort"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:757
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to keep [y/N] as is
+#: builtin/clean.c:763
 #, c-format
-msgid "remove %s? "
-msgstr "ta bort %s?"
+msgid "Remove %s [y/N]? "
+msgstr "Ta bort %s [Y=ja / N=nej]? "
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:782
-msgid "Bye."
-msgstr "Hej då."
+#: builtin/clean.c:788 git-add--interactive.perl:1717
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bye.\n"
+msgstr "Hej då.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:790
+#: builtin/clean.c:796
 msgid ""
 "clean               - start cleaning\n"
 "filter by pattern   - exclude items from deletion\n"
@@ -3740,62 +7245,64 @@ msgstr ""
 "help                - denna skärm\n"
 "?                   - hjälp för kommandoval"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:817
+#: builtin/clean.c:823 git-add--interactive.perl:1793
 msgid "*** Commands ***"
 msgstr "*** Kommandon ***"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:818
+#: builtin/clean.c:824 git-add--interactive.perl:1790
 msgid "What now"
 msgstr "Vad nu"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:826
+#: builtin/clean.c:832
 msgid "Would remove the following item:"
 msgid_plural "Would remove the following items:"
 msgstr[0] "Skulle ta bort följande post:"
 msgstr[1] "Skulle ta bort följande poster:"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:843
+#: builtin/clean.c:848
 msgid "No more files to clean, exiting."
 msgstr "Inga fler filer att städa, avslutar."
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:874
+#: builtin/clean.c:910
 msgid "do not print names of files removed"
 msgstr "skriv inte ut namn på borttagna filer"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:876
+#: builtin/clean.c:912
 msgid "force"
 msgstr "tvinga"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:877
+#: builtin/clean.c:913
 msgid "interactive cleaning"
 msgstr "städa interaktivt"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:879
+#: builtin/clean.c:915
 msgid "remove whole directories"
 msgstr "ta bort hela kataloger"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:880 builtin/describe.c:407 builtin/grep.c:714
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:486 builtin/name-rev.c:311 builtin/show-ref.c:185
+#: builtin/clean.c:916 builtin/describe.c:533 builtin/describe.c:535
+#: builtin/grep.c:871 builtin/log.c:157 builtin/log.c:159
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:548 builtin/name-rev.c:397 builtin/name-rev.c:399
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
 msgid "pattern"
 msgstr "mönster"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:881
+#: builtin/clean.c:917
 msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
 msgstr "lägg till <mönster> till ignoreringsregler"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:882
+#: builtin/clean.c:918
 msgid "remove ignored files, too"
 msgstr "ta även bort ignorerade filer"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:884
+#: builtin/clean.c:920
 msgid "remove only ignored files"
 msgstr "ta endast bort ignorerade filer"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:902
+#: builtin/clean.c:938
 msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
 msgstr "-x och -X kan inte användas samtidigt"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:906
+#: builtin/clean.c:942
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce set to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; refusing to "
 "clean"
@@ -3803,7 +7310,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce satt till true, men varken -i, -n eller -f angavs; vägrar "
 "städa"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:909
+#: builtin/clean.c:945
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; "
 "refusing to clean"
@@ -3811,154 +7318,189 @@ msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce har standardvärdet true och varken -i, -n eller -f "
 "angavs; vägrar städa"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:37
-msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
-msgstr "git clone [flaggor] [--] <arkiv> [<kat>]"
+#: builtin/clone.c:42
+msgid "git clone [<options>] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+msgstr "git clone [<flaggor>] [--] <arkiv> [<kat>]"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:66 builtin/fetch.c:112 builtin/merge.c:224
-#: builtin/push.c:514
-msgid "force progress reporting"
-msgstr "tvinga förloppsrapportering"
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:68
+#: builtin/clone.c:87
 msgid "don't create a checkout"
 msgstr "skapa inte någon utcheckning"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:69 builtin/clone.c:71 builtin/init-db.c:496
+#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/clone.c:90 builtin/init-db.c:479
 msgid "create a bare repository"
 msgstr "skapa ett naket (\"bare\") arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:73
+#: builtin/clone.c:92
 msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
 msgstr "skapa ett spegelarkiv (implicerar \"bare\")"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:75
+#: builtin/clone.c:94
 msgid "to clone from a local repository"
 msgstr "för att klona från ett lokalt arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:77
+#: builtin/clone.c:96
 msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
 msgstr "skapa inte lokala hårda länkar, kopiera alltid"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:79
+#: builtin/clone.c:98
 msgid "setup as shared repository"
 msgstr "skapa som ett delat arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:81 builtin/clone.c:83
+#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/clone.c:104
+msgid "pathspec"
+msgstr "sökvägsangivelse"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/clone.c:104
 msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
 msgstr "initiera undermoduler i klonen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:493
+#: builtin/clone.c:107
+msgid "number of submodules cloned in parallel"
+msgstr "antal undermoduler som klonas parallellt"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:108 builtin/init-db.c:476
 msgid "template-directory"
 msgstr "mallkatalog"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/init-db.c:494
+#: builtin/clone.c:109 builtin/init-db.c:477
 msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
 msgstr "katalog att använda mallar från"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:87
+#: builtin/clone.c:111 builtin/clone.c:113 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1223
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1594
 msgid "reference repository"
 msgstr "referensarkiv"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/clone.c:115 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1225
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1596
+msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
+msgstr "använd --reference endast under kloningen"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:116 builtin/column.c:27 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3166 builtin/repack.c:213
 msgid "name"
 msgstr "namn"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:89
+#: builtin/clone.c:117
 msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
 msgstr "använd <namn> istället för \"origin\" för att spåra uppströms"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:91
+#: builtin/clone.c:119
 msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
 msgstr "checka ut <gren> istället för fjärrens HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:93
+#: builtin/clone.c:121
 msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
 msgstr "sökväg till git-upload-pack på fjärren"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:94 builtin/fetch.c:113 builtin/grep.c:659
+#: builtin/clone.c:122 builtin/fetch.c:150 builtin/grep.c:813
+#: builtin/pull.c:216
 msgid "depth"
 msgstr "djup"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:95
+#: builtin/clone.c:123
 msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
 msgstr "skapa en grund klon på detta djup"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:97
+#: builtin/clone.c:124 builtin/fetch.c:152 builtin/pack-objects.c:3157
+#: parse-options.h:154
+msgid "time"
+msgstr "tid"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:125
+msgid "create a shallow clone since a specific time"
+msgstr "skapa en grund klon från en angiven tidpunkt"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:126 builtin/fetch.c:154
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "revision"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:127 builtin/fetch.c:155
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone, excluding rev"
+msgstr "fördjupa historik för grund klon, exkludera revisionen"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:129
 msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
 msgstr "klona endast en gren, HEAD eller --branch"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:99
-msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
-msgstr "använd --reference endast under kloningen"
+#: builtin/clone.c:131
+msgid "don't clone any tags, and make later fetches not to follow them"
+msgstr "klona inga taggar och gör att senare hämtningar inte följer dem"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:133
+msgid "any cloned submodules will be shallow"
+msgstr "klonade undermoduler kommer vara grunda"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/init-db.c:502
+#: builtin/clone.c:134 builtin/init-db.c:485
 msgid "gitdir"
 msgstr "gitkat"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:101 builtin/init-db.c:503
+#: builtin/clone.c:135 builtin/init-db.c:486
 msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
 msgstr "separera gitkatalogen från arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:102
+#: builtin/clone.c:136
 msgid "key=value"
 msgstr "nyckel=värde"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:103
+#: builtin/clone.c:137
 msgid "set config inside the new repository"
 msgstr "ställ in konfiguration i det nya arkivet"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:256
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
-msgstr "referensarkivet \"%s\" är inte ett lokalt arkiv."
+#: builtin/clone.c:138 builtin/fetch.c:173 builtin/pull.c:229
+#: builtin/push.c:583
+msgid "use IPv4 addresses only"
+msgstr "använd endast IPv4-adresser"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:260
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
-msgstr "referensarkivet \"%s\" är grunt"
+#: builtin/clone.c:140 builtin/fetch.c:175 builtin/pull.c:232
+#: builtin/push.c:585
+msgid "use IPv6 addresses only"
+msgstr "använd endast IPv6-adresser"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:263
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
-msgstr "referensarkivet \"%s\" är ympat"
+#: builtin/clone.c:278
+msgid ""
+"No directory name could be guessed.\n"
+"Please specify a directory on the command line"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte gissa katalognamn.\n"
+"Ange en katalog på kommandoraden"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:325
+#: builtin/clone.c:331
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
-msgstr "misslyckades skapa katalogen \"%s\""
+msgid "info: Could not add alternate for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "info: Kan inte skapa alternativ för \"%s\": %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:327 builtin/diff.c:84
+#: builtin/clone.c:403
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
-msgstr "misslyckades ta status på \"%s\""
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades öppna \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:329
+#: builtin/clone.c:411
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
 msgstr "%s finns och är ingen katalog"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:343
+#: builtin/clone.c:425
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
 msgstr "misslyckades ta status på %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:365
+#: builtin/clone.c:447
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
 msgstr "misslyckades skapa länken \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:369
+#: builtin/clone.c:451
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
 msgstr "misslyckades kopiera filen till \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:392 builtin/clone.c:566
+#: builtin/clone.c:477
 #, c-format
 msgid "done.\n"
 msgstr "klart.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:404
+#: builtin/clone.c:491
 msgid ""
 "Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
 "You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
@@ -3968,151 +7510,165 @@ msgstr ""
 "Du kan inspektera det som checkades ut med \"git status\"\n"
 "och försöka checka ut igen med \"git checkout -f HEAD\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:481
+#: builtin/clone.c:568
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
 msgstr "Kunde inte hitta fjärrgrenen %s för att klona."
 
-# Vague original, not networking-related, but rather related to the actual
-# objects in the database.
-#: builtin/clone.c:561
-#, c-format
-msgid "Checking connectivity... "
-msgstr "Kontrollerar konnektivitet..."
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:564
+#: builtin/clone.c:663
 msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
 msgstr "fjärren sände inte alla nödvändiga objekt"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:628
+#: builtin/clone.c:679
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to update %s"
+msgstr "kan inte uppdatera %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:728
 msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "HEAD hos fjärren pekar på en obefintlig referens, kan inte checka ut.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:659
+#: builtin/clone.c:758
 msgid "unable to checkout working tree"
 msgstr "kunde inte checka ut arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:746
+#: builtin/clone.c:803
+msgid "unable to write parameters to config file"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva parametrar till konfigurationsfilen"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:866
 msgid "cannot repack to clean up"
 msgstr "kan inte packa om för att städa upp"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:748
+#: builtin/clone.c:868
 msgid "cannot unlink temporary alternates file"
 msgstr "kunde inte ta bort temporär \"alternates\"-fil"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:778
+#: builtin/clone.c:907 builtin/receive-pack.c:1947
 msgid "Too many arguments."
 msgstr "För många argument."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:782
+#: builtin/clone.c:911
 msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
 msgstr "Du måste ange ett arkiv att klona."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:793
+#: builtin/clone.c:924
 #, c-format
 msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
 msgstr "flaggorna --bare och --origin %s är inkompatibla."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:796
+#: builtin/clone.c:927
 msgid "--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."
 msgstr "flaggorna --bare och --separate-git-dir är inkompatibla."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:809
+#: builtin/clone.c:940
 #, c-format
 msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "arkivet \"%s\" finns inte"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:815 builtin/fetch.c:1155
+#: builtin/clone.c:946 builtin/fetch.c:1460
 #, c-format
 msgid "depth %s is not a positive number"
 msgstr "djupet %s är inte ett positivt tal"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:825
+#: builtin/clone.c:956
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
 msgstr "destinationssökvägen \"%s\" finns redan och är inte en tom katalog."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:835
+#: builtin/clone.c:966
 #, c-format
 msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "arbetsträdet \"%s\" finns redan."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:848 builtin/clone.c:860
+#: builtin/clone.c:981 builtin/clone.c:1002 builtin/difftool.c:270
+#: builtin/worktree.c:246 builtin/worktree.c:276
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte skapa inledande kataloger för \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:851
+#: builtin/clone.c:986
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte skapa arbetskatalogen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:870
+#: builtin/clone.c:1006
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
 msgstr "Klonar till ett naket arkiv \"%s\"...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:872
+#: builtin/clone.c:1008
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
 msgstr "Klonar till \"%s\"...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:897
-msgid "--dissociate given, but there is no --reference"
-msgstr "--dissociate angavs, men --reference har inte angivits"
+#: builtin/clone.c:1032
+msgid ""
+"clone --recursive is not compatible with both --reference and --reference-if-"
+"able"
+msgstr ""
+"clone --recursive är inte kompatibel med --reference och --reference-if-able"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:912
+#: builtin/clone.c:1093
 msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
-msgstr "--depth ignoreras i lokala kloningar; använd file:// istället"
+msgstr "--depth ignoreras i lokala kloningar; använd file:// istället."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:915
+#: builtin/clone.c:1095
+msgid "--shallow-since is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--shallow-since ignoreras i lokala kloningar; använd file:// istället."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1097
+msgid "--shallow-exclude is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--shallow-exclude ignoreras i lokala kloningar; använd file:// istället."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1099
+msgid "--filter is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--filter ignoreras i lokala kloningar; använd file:// istället."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1102
 msgid "source repository is shallow, ignoring --local"
 msgstr "källarkivet är grunt, ignorerar --local"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:920
+#: builtin/clone.c:1107
 msgid "--local is ignored"
 msgstr "--local ignoreras"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:924
-#, c-format
-msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
-msgstr "Vet inte hur man klonar %s"
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:975 builtin/clone.c:983
+#: builtin/clone.c:1169 builtin/clone.c:1177
 #, c-format
 msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
 msgstr "Fjärrgrenen %s hittades inte i uppströmsarkivet %s"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:986
+#: builtin/clone.c:1180
 msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
 msgstr "Du verkar ha klonat ett tomt arkiv."
 
-#: builtin/column.c:9
-msgid "git column [options]"
-msgstr "git column [flaggor]"
+#: builtin/column.c:10
+msgid "git column [<options>]"
+msgstr "git column [<flaggor>]"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:26
+#: builtin/column.c:27
 msgid "lookup config vars"
 msgstr "slå upp konfigurationsvariabler"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:27 builtin/column.c:28
+#: builtin/column.c:28 builtin/column.c:29
 msgid "layout to use"
 msgstr "utseende att använda"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:29
+#: builtin/column.c:30
 msgid "Maximum width"
 msgstr "Maximal bredd"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:30
+#: builtin/column.c:31
 msgid "Padding space on left border"
 msgstr "Spaltfyllnad i vänsterkanten"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/column.c:32
 msgid "Padding space on right border"
 msgstr "Spaltfyllnad i högerkanten"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:32
+#: builtin/column.c:33
 msgid "Padding space between columns"
 msgstr "Spaltfyllnad mellan spalter"
 
@@ -4121,67 +7677,15 @@ msgid "--command must be the first argument"
 msgstr "--command måste vara första argument"
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:37
-msgid "git commit [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git commit [flaggor] [--] <sökväg>..."
+msgid "git commit [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git commit [<flaggor>] [--] <sökväg>..."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:42
-msgid "git status [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git status [flaggor] [--] <sökväg>..."
+msgid "git status [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git status [<flaggor>] [--] <sökväg>..."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:47
 msgid ""
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
-"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
-"your configuration file:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global --edit\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Ditt namn och e-postadress konfigurerades automatiskt baserat på\n"
-"ditt användar-id och värdnamn. Kontrollera att de är riktiga. Du\n"
-"kan förhindra det här meddelandet genom att ställa dem explicit.\n"
-"Kör följande kommandon och följ instruktionerna i textredigeraren\n"
-"för att redigera din konfigurationsfil:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global --edit\n"
-"\n"
-"När du gjort det kan du rätta identiteten som användes för den här\n"
-"incheckningen med:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:60
-msgid ""
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Ditt namn och e-postadress konfigurerades automatiskt baserat på\n"
-"ditt användar-id och värdnamn. Kontrollera att de är riktiga. Du\n"
-"kan förhindra det här meddelandet genom att ställa dem explicit:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"Ditt namn\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email du@example.com\n"
-"\n"
-"När du gjort det kan du rätta identiteten som användes för den här\n"
-"incheckningen med:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:72
-msgid ""
 "You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
 "it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
 "remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
@@ -4190,7 +7694,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "blir den tom. Du kan köra kommandot på nytt med --allow-empty, eller\n"
 "så kan du ta bort incheckningen helt med \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:77
+#: builtin/commit.c:52
 msgid ""
 "The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
 "If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
@@ -4204,11 +7708,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "    git commit --allow-empty\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:84
+#: builtin/commit.c:59
 msgid "Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
 msgstr "Använd annars \"git reset\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:87
+#: builtin/commit.c:62
 msgid ""
 "If you wish to skip this commit, use:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -4224,70 +7728,61 @@ msgstr ""
 "\"git cherry-pick --continue\" kommer därefter att återuppta\n"
 "cherry-pick för återstående incheckningar.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:302
+#: builtin/commit.c:293
 msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
 msgstr "misslyckades packa upp HEAD:s trädobjekt"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:342
+#: builtin/commit.c:334
 msgid "unable to create temporary index"
 msgstr "kunde inte skapa temporär indexfil"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:348
+#: builtin/commit.c:340
 msgid "interactive add failed"
 msgstr "interaktiv tilläggning misslyckades"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:359
-msgid "unable to write index file"
-msgstr "kan inte skriva indexfil"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:361
+#: builtin/commit.c:353
 msgid "unable to update temporary index"
 msgstr "kan inte uppdatera temporärt index"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:363
+#: builtin/commit.c:355
 msgid "Failed to update main cache tree"
 msgstr "Misslyckades uppdatera huvud-cacheträdet"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:387 builtin/commit.c:412 builtin/commit.c:461
+#: builtin/commit.c:380 builtin/commit.c:403 builtin/commit.c:449
 msgid "unable to write new_index file"
 msgstr "kunde inte skriva filen new_index"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:443
+#: builtin/commit.c:432
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
 msgstr "kan inte utföra en delvis incheckning under en sammanslagning."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:445
+#: builtin/commit.c:434
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
 msgstr "kan inte utföra en delvis incheckning under en cherry-pick."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:454
+#: builtin/commit.c:442
 msgid "cannot read the index"
 msgstr "kan inte läsa indexet"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:473
+#: builtin/commit.c:461
 msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
 msgstr "kunde inte skriva temporär indexfil"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:584
+#: builtin/commit.c:558
 #, c-format
 msgid "commit '%s' lacks author header"
 msgstr "incheckningen \"%s\" saknar författarhuvud"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:586
+#: builtin/commit.c:560
 #, c-format
 msgid "commit '%s' has malformed author line"
 msgstr "incheckningen \"%s\" har felformaterat författarhuvud"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:605
+#: builtin/commit.c:579
 msgid "malformed --author parameter"
 msgstr "felformad \"--author\"-flagga"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:613
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid date format: %s"
-msgstr "felaktigt datumformat: %s"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:657
+#: builtin/commit.c:631
 msgid ""
 "unable to select a comment character that is not used\n"
 "in the current commit message"
@@ -4295,43 +7790,38 @@ msgstr ""
 "kunde inte välja ett kommentarstecken som inte använts\n"
 "i det befintliga incheckningsmeddelandet"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:694 builtin/commit.c:727 builtin/commit.c:1084
+#: builtin/commit.c:668 builtin/commit.c:701 builtin/commit.c:1029
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte slå upp incheckningen %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:706 builtin/shortlog.c:273
+#: builtin/commit.c:680 builtin/shortlog.c:316
 #, c-format
 msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
 msgstr "(läser loggmeddelande från standard in)\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:708
+#: builtin/commit.c:682
 msgid "could not read log from standard input"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa logg från standard in"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:712
+#: builtin/commit.c:686
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa loggfilen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:734
-msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
-msgstr "kunde inte läsa MERGE_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:738
+#: builtin/commit.c:715 builtin/commit.c:723
 msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa SQUASH_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:742
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not read '%s'"
-msgstr "kunde inte läsa \"%s\""
+#: builtin/commit.c:720
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa MERGE_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:789
+#: builtin/commit.c:774
 msgid "could not write commit template"
 msgstr "kunde inte skriva incheckningsmall"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:807
+#: builtin/commit.c:792
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -4346,7 +7836,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "och försöker igen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:812
+#: builtin/commit.c:797
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -4361,7 +7851,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "och försöker igen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:825
+#: builtin/commit.c:810
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
@@ -4371,7 +7861,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "med \"%c\" kommer ignoreras, och ett tomt meddelande avbryter "
 "incheckningen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:832
+#: builtin/commit.c:818
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
@@ -4382,144 +7872,159 @@ msgstr ""
 "med \"%c\" kommer behållas; du kan själv ta bort dem om du vill.\n"
 "Ett tomt meddelande avbryter incheckningen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:852
+#: builtin/commit.c:835
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sAuthor:    %.*s <%.*s>"
 msgstr "%sFörfattare: %.*s <%.*s>"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:860
+#: builtin/commit.c:843
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sDate:      %s"
 msgstr "%sDatum:      %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:867
+#: builtin/commit.c:850
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sCommitter: %.*s <%.*s>"
 msgstr "%sIncheckare: %.*s <%.*s>"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:885
+#: builtin/commit.c:867
 msgid "Cannot read index"
 msgstr "Kan inte läsa indexet"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:942
+#: builtin/commit.c:933
 msgid "Error building trees"
 msgstr "Fel vid byggande av träd"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:957 builtin/tag.c:495
+#: builtin/commit.c:947 builtin/tag.c:257
 #, c-format
 msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
 msgstr "Ange meddelandet en av flaggorna -m eller -F.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1059
+#: builtin/commit.c:991
 #, c-format
-msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
-msgstr "Hittade ingen befintlig författare med \"%s\""
+msgid "--author '%s' is not 'Name <email>' and matches no existing author"
+msgstr ""
+"--author '%s' är inte 'Namn <epost>' och matchar ingen befintlig författare"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1074 builtin/commit.c:1314
+#: builtin/commit.c:1005
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid ignored mode '%s'"
+msgstr "Ogiltigt ignorerat läge \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1019 builtin/commit.c:1269
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
 msgstr "Ogiltigt läge för ospårade filer: \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1111
+#: builtin/commit.c:1057
 msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
 msgstr "--long och -z är inkompatibla"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1141
+#: builtin/commit.c:1090
 msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
 msgstr "Kan inte använda både --reset-author och --author"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1150
+#: builtin/commit.c:1099
 msgid "You have nothing to amend."
 msgstr "Du har inget att utöka."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1153
+#: builtin/commit.c:1102
 msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
 msgstr "Du är i mitten av en sammanslagning -- kan inte utöka."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1155
+#: builtin/commit.c:1104
 msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
 msgstr "Du är i mitten av en cherry-pick -- kan inte utöka."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1158
+#: builtin/commit.c:1107
 msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
 msgstr "Flaggorna --squash och --fixup kan inte användas samtidigt"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1168
+#: builtin/commit.c:1117
 msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
 msgstr "Endast en av -c/-C/-F/--fixup kan användas."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1170
-msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
-msgstr "Flaggan -m kan inte kombineras med -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+#: builtin/commit.c:1119
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F."
+msgstr "Flaggan -m kan inte kombineras med -c/-C/-F."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1178
+#: builtin/commit.c:1127
 msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
 msgstr "--reset-author kan endast användas med -C, -c eller --amend."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1195
+#: builtin/commit.c:1144
 msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
 msgstr ""
 "Endast en av --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch kan användas."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1197
+#: builtin/commit.c:1146
 msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
 msgstr "Du måste ange sökvägar tillsammans med --include/--only."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1199
-msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
-msgstr "Smart... utöka den senaste med smutsigt index."
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1201
-msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i or -o; assuming --only paths..."
-msgstr "Explicita sökvägar angavs utan -i eller -o; antar --only sökvägar..."
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1213 builtin/tag.c:728
+#: builtin/commit.c:1160 builtin/tag.c:543
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
 msgstr "Felaktigt städningsläge %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1218
+#: builtin/commit.c:1165
 msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
 msgstr "Kan inte ange sökvägar med -a."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1328 builtin/commit.c:1608
+#: builtin/commit.c:1303 builtin/commit.c:1480
 msgid "show status concisely"
 msgstr "visa koncis status"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1330 builtin/commit.c:1610
+#: builtin/commit.c:1305 builtin/commit.c:1482
 msgid "show branch information"
 msgstr "visa information om gren"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1332 builtin/commit.c:1612 builtin/push.c:500
+#: builtin/commit.c:1307
+msgid "show stash information"
+msgstr "visa information om stash"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1309 builtin/commit.c:1484
+msgid "compute full ahead/behind values"
+msgstr "beräkna fullständiga före-/efter-värden"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1311
+msgid "version"
+msgstr "version"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1311 builtin/commit.c:1486 builtin/push.c:558
+#: builtin/worktree.c:581
 msgid "machine-readable output"
 msgstr "maskinläsbar utdata"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1335 builtin/commit.c:1614
+#: builtin/commit.c:1314 builtin/commit.c:1488
 msgid "show status in long format (default)"
 msgstr "visa status i långt format (standard)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1338 builtin/commit.c:1617
+#: builtin/commit.c:1317 builtin/commit.c:1491
 msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
 msgstr "terminera poster med NUL"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1340 builtin/commit.c:1620 builtin/fast-export.c:980
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:983 builtin/tag.c:603
+#: builtin/commit.c:1319 builtin/commit.c:1323 builtin/commit.c:1494
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1001 builtin/fast-export.c:1004 builtin/tag.c:397
 msgid "mode"
 msgstr "läge"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1341 builtin/commit.c:1620
+#: builtin/commit.c:1320 builtin/commit.c:1494
 msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
-msgstr "visa ospårade filer, valfria lägen: alla, normal, no. (Standard: all)"
+msgstr "visa ospårade filer, valfria lägen: all, normal, no. (Standard: all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1344
-msgid "show ignored files"
-msgstr "visa ignorerade filer"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1324
+msgid ""
+"show ignored files, optional modes: traditional, matching, no. (Default: "
+"traditional)"
+msgstr ""
+"visa ignorerade filer, valfria lägen: traditional, matching, no (Standard: "
+"traditional)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1345 parse-options.h:153
+#: builtin/commit.c:1326 parse-options.h:167
 msgid "when"
 msgstr "när"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1346
+#: builtin/commit.c:1327
 msgid ""
 "ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Default: all)"
@@ -4527,209 +8032,194 @@ msgstr ""
 "ignorera ändringar i undermoduler, valfritt när: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Default: all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1348
+#: builtin/commit.c:1329
 msgid "list untracked files in columns"
 msgstr "visa ospårade filer i spalter"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1435
-msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
-msgstr "kunde inte slå upp en precis skapad incheckning"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1437
-msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
-msgstr "kunde inte tolka en precis skapad incheckning"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1330
+msgid "do not detect renames"
+msgstr "detektera inte namnändringar"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1482
-msgid "detached HEAD"
-msgstr "frånkopplad HEAD"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1332
+msgid "detect renames, optionally set similarity index"
+msgstr "detektera namnändringar, möjligen sätt likhetsindex"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1485
-msgid " (root-commit)"
-msgstr " (rotincheckning)"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1352
+msgid "Unsupported combination of ignored and untracked-files arguments"
+msgstr "Kombinationen av argument för ignorerade och ospårade filer stöds ej"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1578
+#: builtin/commit.c:1450
 msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
 msgstr "undertryck sammanfattning efter framgångsrik incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1579
+#: builtin/commit.c:1451
 msgid "show diff in commit message template"
 msgstr "visa diff i mallen för incheckningsmeddelandet"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1581
+#: builtin/commit.c:1453
 msgid "Commit message options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för incheckningsmeddelande"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1582 builtin/tag.c:601
+#: builtin/commit.c:1454 builtin/tag.c:394
 msgid "read message from file"
 msgstr "läs meddelande från fil"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1583
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
 msgid "author"
 msgstr "författare"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1583
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
 msgid "override author for commit"
 msgstr "överstyr författare för incheckningen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1584 builtin/gc.c:275
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456 builtin/gc.c:501
 msgid "date"
 msgstr "datum"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1584
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456
 msgid "override date for commit"
 msgstr "överstyr datum för incheckningen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1585 builtin/merge.c:218 builtin/notes.c:391
-#: builtin/notes.c:554 builtin/tag.c:599
+#: builtin/commit.c:1457 builtin/merge.c:228 builtin/notes.c:402
+#: builtin/notes.c:565 builtin/tag.c:392
 msgid "message"
 msgstr "meddelande"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1585
+#: builtin/commit.c:1457
 msgid "commit message"
 msgstr "incheckningsmeddelande"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1586
+#: builtin/commit.c:1458 builtin/commit.c:1459 builtin/commit.c:1460
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461 parse-options.h:270 ref-filter.h:92
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1458
 msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
 msgstr "återanvänd och redigera meddelande från angiven incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1587
+#: builtin/commit.c:1459
 msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
 msgstr "återanvänd meddelande från angiven incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1588
+#: builtin/commit.c:1460
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 "använd autosquash-formaterat meddelande för att fixa angiven incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1589
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 "använd autosquash-formaterat meddelande för att slå ihop med angiven "
 "incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+#: builtin/commit.c:1462
 msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
 msgstr "jag är nu författare av incheckningen (används med -C/-c/--amend)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1591 builtin/log.c:1191 builtin/revert.c:86
+#: builtin/commit.c:1463 builtin/log.c:1446 builtin/merge.c:242
+#: builtin/pull.c:154 builtin/revert.c:105
 msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
 msgstr "lägg till Signed-off-by:"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1592
+#: builtin/commit.c:1464
 msgid "use specified template file"
 msgstr "använd angiven mallfil"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1593
+#: builtin/commit.c:1465
 msgid "force edit of commit"
 msgstr "tvinga redigering av incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1594
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466
 msgid "default"
 msgstr "standard"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1594 builtin/tag.c:604
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466 builtin/tag.c:398
 msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
 msgstr "hur blanksteg och #kommentarer skall tas bort från meddelande"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1595
+#: builtin/commit.c:1467
 msgid "include status in commit message template"
 msgstr "inkludera status i mallen för incheckningsmeddelandet"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1596 builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/revert.c:92
-#: builtin/tag.c:605
-msgid "key-id"
-msgstr "nyckel-id"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1597 builtin/merge.c:226 builtin/revert.c:93
+#: builtin/commit.c:1469 builtin/merge.c:240 builtin/pull.c:184
+#: builtin/revert.c:113
 msgid "GPG sign commit"
 msgstr "GPG-signera incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1600
+#: builtin/commit.c:1472
 msgid "Commit contents options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för incheckningens innehåll"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1601
+#: builtin/commit.c:1473
 msgid "commit all changed files"
 msgstr "checka in alla ändrade filer"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1602
+#: builtin/commit.c:1474
 msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
 msgstr "lägg till angivna filer till indexet för incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1603
+#: builtin/commit.c:1475
 msgid "interactively add files"
 msgstr "lägg till filer interaktivt"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1604
+#: builtin/commit.c:1476
 msgid "interactively add changes"
 msgstr "lägg till ändringar interaktivt"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1605
+#: builtin/commit.c:1477
 msgid "commit only specified files"
 msgstr "checka endast in angivna filer"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1606
-msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
-msgstr "förbigå pre-commit-krok"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1478
+msgid "bypass pre-commit and commit-msg hooks"
+msgstr "förbigå pre-commit- och commit-msg-krokar"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1607
+#: builtin/commit.c:1479
 msgid "show what would be committed"
 msgstr "visa vad som skulle checkas in"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1618
+#: builtin/commit.c:1492
 msgid "amend previous commit"
 msgstr "lägg till föregående incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1619
+#: builtin/commit.c:1493
 msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
 msgstr "förbigå post-rewrite-krok"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1624
+#: builtin/commit.c:1498
 msgid "ok to record an empty change"
 msgstr "ok att registrera en tom ändring"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1626
+#: builtin/commit.c:1500
 msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
 msgstr "ok att registrera en ändring med tomt meddelande"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1655
-msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
-msgstr "kunde inte tolka HEAD:s incheckning"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1694 builtin/merge.c:519
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
-msgstr "kunde inte öppna \"%s\" för läsning"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1701
+#: builtin/commit.c:1573
 #, c-format
 msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
 msgstr "Trasig MERGE_HEAD-fil (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1708
+#: builtin/commit.c:1580
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa MERGE_MODE"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1727
+#: builtin/commit.c:1599
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa incheckningsmeddelande: %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1738
-#, c-format
-msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
-msgstr "Avbryter incheckning; meddelandet inte redigerat.\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1743
+#: builtin/commit.c:1610
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
 msgstr "Avbryter på grund av tomt incheckningsmeddelande.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1758 builtin/merge.c:851 builtin/merge.c:876
-msgid "failed to write commit object"
-msgstr "kunde inte skriva incheckningsobjekt"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1615
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
+msgstr "Avbryter incheckning; meddelandet inte redigerat.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1791
+#: builtin/commit.c:1650
 msgid ""
 "Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
 "new_index file. Check that disk is not full and quota is\n"
@@ -4740,211 +8230,307 @@ msgstr ""
 "att kvoten inte har överskridits, och kör sedan\n"
 "\"git reset HEAD\" för att återställa."
 
-#: builtin/config.c:8
-msgid "git config [options]"
-msgstr "git config [flaggor]"
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:9
+msgid "git commit-graph [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+msgstr "git commit-graph [--object-dir <objkat>]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:10 builtin/commit-graph.c:16
+msgid "git commit-graph read [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+msgstr "git commit-graph read [--object-dir <objkat>]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:11 builtin/commit-graph.c:21
+msgid ""
+"git commit-graph write [--object-dir <objdir>] [--append] [--stdin-packs|--"
+"stdin-commits]"
+msgstr ""
+"git commit-graph write [--object-dir <objkat>] [--append] [--stdin-packs|--"
+"stdin-commits]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:39 builtin/commit-graph.c:92
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:147 builtin/fetch.c:161 builtin/log.c:1466
+msgid "dir"
+msgstr "kat"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:40 builtin/commit-graph.c:93
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:148
+msgid "The object directory to store the graph"
+msgstr "Objektkatalogen där grafen skall lagras"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:95
+msgid "scan pack-indexes listed by stdin for commits"
+msgstr "sök paketindex listade på standard in efter incheckningar"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:53
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:97
+msgid "start walk at commits listed by stdin"
+msgstr "börja gå genom incheckningar listade på standard in"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:99
+msgid "include all commits already in the commit-graph file"
+msgstr "ta med alla incheckningar redan i filen commit-graph"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:108
+msgid "cannot use both --stdin-commits and --stdin-packs"
+msgstr "kan inte använda både --stdin-commit och --stdin-packs"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:10
+msgid "git config [<options>]"
+msgstr "git config [<flaggor>]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:101
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized --type argument, %s"
+msgstr "okänt argument för --type, %s"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:123
 msgid "Config file location"
 msgstr "Konfigurationsfilens plats"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:54
+#: builtin/config.c:124
 msgid "use global config file"
 msgstr "använd global konfigurationsfil"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:55
+#: builtin/config.c:125
 msgid "use system config file"
 msgstr "använd systemets konfigurationsfil"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:56
+#: builtin/config.c:126
 msgid "use repository config file"
 msgstr "använd arkivets konfigurationsfil"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:57
+#: builtin/config.c:127
 msgid "use given config file"
 msgstr "använd angiven konfigurationsfil"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:58
+#: builtin/config.c:128
 msgid "blob-id"
 msgstr "blob-id"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:58
+#: builtin/config.c:128
 msgid "read config from given blob object"
 msgstr "läs konfiguration från givet blob-objekt"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:59
+#: builtin/config.c:129
 msgid "Action"
 msgstr "Åtgärd"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:60
+#: builtin/config.c:130
 msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "hämta värde: namn [värde-reguttr]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:61
+#: builtin/config.c:131
 msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
 msgstr "hämta alla värden: nyckel [värde-reguttr]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:62
+#: builtin/config.c:132
 msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
 msgstr "hämta värden för reguttr: namn-reguttr [värde-reguttr]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:63
+#: builtin/config.c:133
 msgid "get value specific for the URL: section[.var] URL"
 msgstr "hämta värde specifikt URL:en: sektion[.var] URL"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:64
+#: builtin/config.c:134
 msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
 msgstr "ersätt alla motsvarande variabler: namn värde [värde-reguttr]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:65
+#: builtin/config.c:135
 msgid "add a new variable: name value"
 msgstr "lägg till en ny variabel: namn värde"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:66
+#: builtin/config.c:136
 msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "ta bort en variabel: namn [värde-reguttr]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:67
+#: builtin/config.c:137
 msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "ta bort alla träffar: namn [värde-reguttr]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:68
+#: builtin/config.c:138
 msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
 msgstr "byt namn på sektion: gammalt-namn nytt-namn"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:69
+#: builtin/config.c:139
 msgid "remove a section: name"
 msgstr "ta bort en sektion: namn"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:70
+#: builtin/config.c:140
 msgid "list all"
 msgstr "visa alla"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:71
+#: builtin/config.c:141
 msgid "open an editor"
 msgstr "öppna textredigeringsprogram"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:72
+#: builtin/config.c:142
 msgid "find the color configured: slot [default]"
 msgstr "hitta den inställda färgen: slot [default]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:73
+#: builtin/config.c:143
 msgid "find the color setting: slot [stdout-is-tty]"
 msgstr "hitta färginställningen: slot [stdout-is-tty]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:74
+#: builtin/config.c:144
 msgid "Type"
 msgstr "Typ"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:75
+#: builtin/config.c:145
+msgid "value is given this type"
+msgstr "värdet har givits denna typ"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:146
 msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
 msgstr "värdet är \"true\" eller \"false\""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:76
+#: builtin/config.c:147
 msgid "value is decimal number"
 msgstr "värdet är ett decimalt tal"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:77
+#: builtin/config.c:148
 msgid "value is --bool or --int"
 msgstr "värdet är --bool eller --int"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:78
+#: builtin/config.c:149
 msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
 msgstr "värdet är en sökväg (fil- eller katalognamn)"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:79
+#: builtin/config.c:150
+msgid "value is an expiry date"
+msgstr "värdet är ett utgångsdatum"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:151
 msgid "Other"
 msgstr "Andra"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:80
+#: builtin/config.c:152
 msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
 msgstr "terminera värden med NUL-byte"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:81
+#: builtin/config.c:153
+msgid "show variable names only"
+msgstr "visa endast variabelnamn"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:154
 msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
 msgstr "respektera inkluderingsdirektiv vid uppslag"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:316
+#: builtin/config.c:155
+msgid "show origin of config (file, standard input, blob, command line)"
+msgstr "visa konfigurationskälla (fil, standard in, blob, kommandorad)"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:156
+msgid "value"
+msgstr "värde"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:156
+msgid "with --get, use default value when missing entry"
+msgstr "med --get, använd standardvärde vid saknad post"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:332
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to format default config value: %s"
+msgstr "misslyckades formatera standardkonfigurationsvärde: %s"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:431
 msgid "unable to parse default color value"
 msgstr "kan inte tolka standardfärgvärde"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:457
+#: builtin/config.c:575
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "# This is Git's per-user configuration file.\n"
-"[core]\n"
+"[user]\n"
 "# Please adapt and uncomment the following lines:\n"
-"#\tuser = %s\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
 "#\temail = %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 "# Detta är Gits användarspecifika konfigurationsfil\n"
-"[core]\n"
+"[user]\n"
 "# Justera och ta bort kommenteringsmärket från följande rader:\n"
-"#\tuser = %s\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
 "#\temail = %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:589
+#: builtin/config.c:603
+msgid "--local can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr "--local kan bara användas inuti ett git-arkiv"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:606
+msgid "--blob can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr "--blob kan bara användas inuti ett git-arkiv"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:735
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot create configuration file %s"
 msgstr "kan inte skapa konfigurationsfilen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:55
+#: builtin/config.c:748
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"cannot overwrite multiple values with a single value\n"
+"       Use a regexp, --add or --replace-all to change %s."
+msgstr ""
+"kan inte skriva över flera värden med ett ensamt värde\n"
+"       Använd en regexp, --add eller --replace-all för att ändra %s."
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:90
 msgid "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
 msgstr "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:65
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:100
 msgid "print sizes in human readable format"
 msgstr "skriv storlekar i människoläsbart format"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:17
-msgid "git describe [options] <commit-ish>*"
-msgstr "git describe [flaggor] <incheckning-igt>*"
+#: builtin/describe.c:22
+msgid "git describe [<options>] [<commit-ish>...]"
+msgstr "git describe [<flaggor>] [<incheckning-igt>...]"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:23
+msgid "git describe [<options>] --dirty"
+msgstr "git describe [<flaggor>] --dirty"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "head"
+msgstr "huvud"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:18
-msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
-msgstr "git describe [flaggor] --dirty"
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "lightweight"
+msgstr "lättviktig"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:217
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "annotated"
+msgstr "annoterad"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
 msgstr "den annoterade taggen %s inte tillgänglig"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:221
+#: builtin/describe.c:271
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
 msgstr "den annoterade taggen %s har inget inbäddat namn"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:223
+#: builtin/describe.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
 msgstr "taggen \"%s\" är i verkligheten \"%s\" här"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:250 builtin/log.c:452
-#, c-format
-msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
-msgstr "Objektnamnet är inte giltigt: %s"
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:253
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
-msgstr "%s är inte ett giltigt \"%s\"-objekt"
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#: builtin/describe.c:317
 #, c-format
 msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
 msgstr "ingen tagg motsvarar \"%s\" exakt"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:272
+#: builtin/describe.c:319
 #, c-format
-msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
-msgstr "söker för att beskriva %s\n"
+msgid "No exact match on refs or tags, searching to describe\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ingen exakt träff mot referenser eller taggar, söker för att beskriva\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:319
+#: builtin/describe.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "finished search at %s\n"
 msgstr "avslutade sökning på %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:346
+#: builtin/describe.c:392
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
@@ -4953,7 +8539,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Inga annoterade taggar kan beskriva \"%s\".\n"
 "Det finns dock oannoterade taggar: testa --tags."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:350
+#: builtin/describe.c:396
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
@@ -4962,12 +8548,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "Inga taggar kan beskriva \"%s\".\n"
 "Testa --always, eller skapa några taggar."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:371
+#: builtin/describe.c:426
 #, c-format
 msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
 msgstr "traverserade %lu incheckningar\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:374
+#: builtin/describe.c:429
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
@@ -4976,318 +8562,469 @@ msgstr ""
 "mer än %i taggar hittades; listar de %i senaste\n"
 "gav upp sökningen vid %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:396
+#: builtin/describe.c:497
+#, c-format
+msgid "describe %s\n"
+msgstr "beskriva %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:500 builtin/log.c:502
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr "Objektnamnet är inte giltigt: %s"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:508
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is neither a commit nor blob"
+msgstr "%s är varken incheckning eller blob"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:522
 msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
 msgstr "hitta taggen som kommer efter incheckningen"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:397
+#: builtin/describe.c:523
 msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
 msgstr "felsök sökstrategin på standard fel"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:398
+#: builtin/describe.c:524
 msgid "use any ref"
 msgstr "använd alla referenser"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:399
+#: builtin/describe.c:525
 msgid "use any tag, even unannotated"
 msgstr "använd alla taggar, även oannoterade"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:400
+#: builtin/describe.c:526
 msgid "always use long format"
 msgstr "använd alltid långt format"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:401
+#: builtin/describe.c:527
 msgid "only follow first parent"
 msgstr "följ endast första föräldern"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:404
+#: builtin/describe.c:530
 msgid "only output exact matches"
 msgstr "skriv endast ut exakta träffar"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:406
+#: builtin/describe.c:532
 msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
 msgstr "överväg de <n> nyaste taggarna (standard: 10)"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:408
+#: builtin/describe.c:534
 msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
 msgstr "överväg endast taggar som motsvarar <mönster>"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:410 builtin/name-rev.c:318
+#: builtin/describe.c:536
+msgid "do not consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "överväg inte taggar som motsvarar <mönster>"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:538 builtin/name-rev.c:406
 msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
 msgstr "visa förkortade incheckningsobjekt som standard"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:411
+#: builtin/describe.c:539 builtin/describe.c:542
 msgid "mark"
 msgstr "märke"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:412
+#: builtin/describe.c:540
 msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
 msgstr "lägg till <märke> på lortigt arbetsträd (standard: \"-dirty\")"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:430
+#: builtin/describe.c:543
+msgid "append <mark> on broken working tree (default: \"-broken\")"
+msgstr "lägg till <märke> på trasigt arbetsträd (standard: \"-broken\")"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:561
 msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
 msgstr "--long är inkompatibel med --abbrev=0"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:456
+#: builtin/describe.c:590
 msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
 msgstr "Inga namn hittades, kan inte beskriva något."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:476
+#: builtin/describe.c:640
 msgid "--dirty is incompatible with commit-ishes"
 msgstr "--dirty är inkompatibelt med \"commit-ish\"-värden"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:86
+#: builtin/describe.c:642
+msgid "--broken is incompatible with commit-ishes"
+msgstr "--broken är inkompatibelt med \"commit-ish\"-värden"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
 msgstr "\"%s\": inte en normal fil eller symbolisk länk"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:237
+#: builtin/diff.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid option: %s"
 msgstr "ogiltig flagga: %s"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:358
+#: builtin/diff.c:356
 msgid "Not a git repository"
 msgstr "Inte ett git-arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:401
+#: builtin/diff.c:399
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
 msgstr "objektet \"%s\" som angavs är felaktigt."
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:410
+#: builtin/diff.c:408
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
 msgstr "mer än två blobbar angavs: \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:417
+#: builtin/diff.c:413
 #, c-format
 msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
 msgstr "ej hanterat objekt \"%s\" angavs."
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:24
+#: builtin/difftool.c:29
+msgid "git difftool [<options>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git difftool [<flaggor>] [<incheckning> [<incheckning>]] [--] [<sökväg>...]"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:259
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed: %d"
+msgstr "misslyckades: %d"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa symboliska länken %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink file %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa symbolisk länk-fil %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:311
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read object %s for symlink %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa objektet %s för symboliska länken %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:412
+msgid ""
+"combined diff formats('-c' and '--cc') are not supported in\n"
+"directory diff mode('-d' and '--dir-diff')."
+msgstr ""
+"kombinerade diff-format (\"-c\" och \"--cc\") stöds inte i\n"
+"katalogdiffläge (\"-d\" och \"--dir-diff\")."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "both files modified: '%s' and '%s'."
+msgstr "bägge filerna ändrade: \"%s\" och \"%s\"."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:634
+msgid "working tree file has been left."
+msgstr "filen i arbetskatalogen lämnades kvar."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:645
+#, c-format
+msgid "temporary files exist in '%s'."
+msgstr "temporära filer finns i \"%s\"."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:646
+msgid "you may want to cleanup or recover these."
+msgstr "du kanske vill städa eller rädda dem."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:695
+msgid "use `diff.guitool` instead of `diff.tool`"
+msgstr "använd \"diff.guitool\" istället för \"diff.tool\""
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:697
+msgid "perform a full-directory diff"
+msgstr "utför diff för hela katalogen"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:699
+msgid "do not prompt before launching a diff tool"
+msgstr "fråga inte vid start av diff-verktyg"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:704
+msgid "use symlinks in dir-diff mode"
+msgstr "använd symboliska länkar i katalogdiffläge"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:705
+msgid "<tool>"
+msgstr "<verktyg>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:706
+msgid "use the specified diff tool"
+msgstr "använd angivet diff-verktyg"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:708
+msgid "print a list of diff tools that may be used with `--tool`"
+msgstr "visa en lista över diff-verktyg som kan användas med �--tool�"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:711
+msgid ""
+"make 'git-difftool' exit when an invoked diff tool returns a non - zero exit "
+"code"
+msgstr ""
+"låt \"git-difftool\" avbryta när ett anropat diff-verktyg ger returvärde "
+"skilt från noll"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:713
+msgid "<command>"
+msgstr "<kommando>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:714
+msgid "specify a custom command for viewing diffs"
+msgstr "ange eget kommando för att visa diffar"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:738
+msgid "no <tool> given for --tool=<tool>"
+msgstr "inget <verktyg> angavs för --tool=<verktyg>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:745
+msgid "no <cmd> given for --extcmd=<cmd>"
+msgstr "inget <kommando> angavs för --extcmd=<kommando>"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:27
 msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 msgstr "git fast-export [rev-list-flaggor]"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:979
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1000
 msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
 msgstr "visa förlopp efter <n> objekt"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:981
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1002
 msgid "select handling of signed tags"
 msgstr "välj hantering av signerade taggar"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:984
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1005
 msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
 msgstr "välj hantering av taggar som har taggfiltrerade objekt"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:987
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1008
 msgid "Dump marks to this file"
 msgstr "Dump märken till filen"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:989
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1010
 msgid "Import marks from this file"
 msgstr "Importera märken från filen"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:991
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1012
 msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
 msgstr "Fejka taggare när taggen saknar en"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:993
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1014
 msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
 msgstr "Skriv ut hela trädet för varje incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:995
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1016
 msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
 msgstr "Använd done-funktionen för att avsluta strömmen"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:996
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1017
 msgid "Skip output of blob data"
 msgstr "Hoppa över skrivning av blob-data"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:997
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1018
 msgid "refspec"
 msgstr "referensspecifikation"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:998
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1019
 msgid "Apply refspec to exported refs"
 msgstr "Applicera referensspecifikation på exporterade referenser"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:999
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1020
 msgid "anonymize output"
 msgstr "anonymisera utdata"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:20
+#: builtin/fetch.c:26
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
 msgstr "git fetch [<flaggor>] [<arkiv> [<refspec>...]]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:21
+#: builtin/fetch.c:27
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
 msgstr "git fetch [<flaggor>] <grupp>"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:22
+#: builtin/fetch.c:28
 msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
 msgstr "git fetch --multiple [<flaggor>] [(<arkiv> | <grupp>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:23
+#: builtin/fetch.c:29
 msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
 msgstr "git fetch --all [<flaggor>]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:90
+#: builtin/fetch.c:123 builtin/pull.c:193
 msgid "fetch from all remotes"
 msgstr "hämta från alla fjärrar"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:92
+#: builtin/fetch.c:125 builtin/pull.c:196
 msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
 msgstr "lägg till i .git/FETCH_HEAD istället för att skriva över"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:94
+#: builtin/fetch.c:127 builtin/pull.c:199
 msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
 msgstr "sökväg till upload pack på fjärren"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:95
+#: builtin/fetch.c:128 builtin/pull.c:201
 msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
 msgstr "tvinga överskrivning av lokal gren"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:97
+#: builtin/fetch.c:130
 msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
 msgstr "hämta från flera fjärrar"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:99
+#: builtin/fetch.c:132 builtin/pull.c:203
 msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
 msgstr "hämta alla taggar och associerade objekt"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:101
+#: builtin/fetch.c:134
 msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
 msgstr "hämta inte alla taggar (--no-tags)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:103
+#: builtin/fetch.c:136
+msgid "number of submodules fetched in parallel"
+msgstr "antal undermoduler som hämtas parallellt"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:138 builtin/pull.c:206
 msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
 msgstr "rensa fjärrspårande grenar ej längre på fjärren"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:104
+#: builtin/fetch.c:140
+msgid "prune local tags no longer on remote and clobber changed tags"
+msgstr ""
+"rensa lokala taggar inte längre på fjärren och skriv över ändrade taggar"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:141 builtin/fetch.c:164 builtin/pull.c:131
 msgid "on-demand"
 msgstr "on-demand"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:105
+#: builtin/fetch.c:142
 msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
 msgstr "styr rekursiv hämtning av undermoduler"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:109
+#: builtin/fetch.c:146 builtin/pull.c:214
 msgid "keep downloaded pack"
 msgstr "behåll hämtade paket"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:111
+#: builtin/fetch.c:148
 msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
 msgstr "tillåt uppdatering av HEAD-referens"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:114
+#: builtin/fetch.c:151 builtin/fetch.c:157 builtin/pull.c:217
 msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
 msgstr "fördjupa historik för grund klon"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:116
+#: builtin/fetch.c:153
+msgid "deepen history of shallow repository based on time"
+msgstr "fördjupa historik för grund klon baserad på tid"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:159 builtin/pull.c:220
 msgid "convert to a complete repository"
 msgstr "konvertera till komplett arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:118 builtin/log.c:1208
-msgid "dir"
-msgstr "kat"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:119
+#: builtin/fetch.c:162
 msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
 msgstr "lägg till i början av undermodulens sökvägsutdata"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:122
-msgid "default mode for recursion"
-msgstr "standardläge för rekursion"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:165
+msgid ""
+"default for recursive fetching of submodules (lower priority than config "
+"files)"
+msgstr ""
+"standard för rekursiv hämtning av undermoduler (lägre prioritet än "
+"konfigurationsfiler)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:124
+#: builtin/fetch.c:169 builtin/pull.c:223
 msgid "accept refs that update .git/shallow"
 msgstr "tar emot referenser som uppdaterar .git/shallow"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:125
+#: builtin/fetch.c:170 builtin/pull.c:225
 msgid "refmap"
 msgstr "referenskarta"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:126
+#: builtin/fetch.c:171 builtin/pull.c:226
 msgid "specify fetch refmap"
 msgstr "ange referenskarta för \"fetch\""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:376
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/ls-remote.c:77 builtin/push.c:582
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:172
+msgid "server-specific"
+msgstr "serverspecifik"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/ls-remote.c:77 builtin/push.c:582
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:173
+msgid "option to transmit"
+msgstr ""
+"inget att checka in\n"
+"flagga att sända"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:442
 msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
 msgstr "Kunde inte hitta fjärr-referensen HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:454
+#: builtin/fetch.c:560
+#, c-format
+msgid "configuration fetch.output contains invalid value %s"
+msgstr "konfigurationen för fetch.output innehåller ogiltigt värde %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:653
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s not found"
 msgstr "objektet %s hittades inte"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:459
+#: builtin/fetch.c:657
 msgid "[up to date]"
 msgstr "[àjour]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:473
-#, c-format
-msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
-msgstr "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (kan inte hämta i aktuell gren)"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:474 builtin/fetch.c:560
+#: builtin/fetch.c:670 builtin/fetch.c:750
 msgid "[rejected]"
 msgstr "[refuserad]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:485
+#: builtin/fetch.c:671
+msgid "can't fetch in current branch"
+msgstr "kan inte hämta i aktuell gren"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:680
 msgid "[tag update]"
 msgstr "[uppdaterad tagg]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:487 builtin/fetch.c:522 builtin/fetch.c:540
-msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
-msgstr "  (kunde inte uppdatera lokal ref)"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:681 builtin/fetch.c:714 builtin/fetch.c:730
+#: builtin/fetch.c:745
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr "kunde inte uppdatera lokal ref"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:505
+#: builtin/fetch.c:700
 msgid "[new tag]"
 msgstr "[ny tagg]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:508
+#: builtin/fetch.c:703
 msgid "[new branch]"
 msgstr "[ny gren]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:511
+#: builtin/fetch.c:706
 msgid "[new ref]"
 msgstr "[ny ref]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:556
-msgid "unable to update local ref"
-msgstr "kunde inte uppdatera lokal ref"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:556
+#: builtin/fetch.c:745
 msgid "forced update"
 msgstr "tvingad uppdatering"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:562
-msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
-msgstr "(ej snabbspolad)"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:750
+msgid "non-fast-forward"
+msgstr "ej snabbspolad"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:595 builtin/fetch.c:828
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
-msgstr "kan inte öppna %s: %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:604
+#: builtin/fetch.c:795
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
 msgstr "%s sände inte alla nödvändiga objekt\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:622
+#: builtin/fetch.c:815
 #, c-format
 msgid "reject %s because shallow roots are not allowed to be updated"
 msgstr "avvisa %s då grunda rötter inte kan uppdateras"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:710 builtin/fetch.c:793
+#: builtin/fetch.c:903 builtin/fetch.c:999
 #, c-format
 msgid "From %.*s\n"
 msgstr "Från %.*s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:721
+#: builtin/fetch.c:914
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
@@ -5296,55 +9033,56 @@ msgstr ""
 "vissa lokala referenser kunde inte uppdateras; testa att köra\n"
 " \"git remote prune %s\" för att ta bort gamla grenar som står i konflikt"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:773
+#: builtin/fetch.c:969
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (%s kommer bli dinglande)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:774
+#: builtin/fetch.c:970
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (%s har blivit dinglande)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:798
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1002
 msgid "[deleted]"
 msgstr "[borttagen]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:799 builtin/remote.c:1060
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1003 builtin/remote.c:1033
 msgid "(none)"
 msgstr "(ingen)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:818
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1026
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
 msgstr "Vägrar hämta till aktuell gren %s i ett icke-naket arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:837
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1045
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
 msgstr "Flaggan \"%s\" och värdet \"%s\" är inte giltigt för %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:840
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1048
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
 msgstr "Flaggan \"%s\" ignoreras för %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:896
-#, c-format
-msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
-msgstr "Vet inte hur man hämtar från %s"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1058
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "Fetching %s\n"
 msgstr "Hämtar %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1060 builtin/remote.c:90
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1289 builtin/remote.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not fetch %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte hämta %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1078
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1335 builtin/fetch.c:1503
+msgid ""
+"--filter can only be used with the remote configured in core.partialClone"
+msgstr ""
+"--filter kan endast användas med fjärren konfigurerad i core.partialClone"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1358
 msgid ""
 "No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
 "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
@@ -5352,215 +9090,267 @@ msgstr ""
 "Inget fjärrarkiv angavs. Ange antingen en URL eller namnet på ett\n"
 "fjärrarkiv som nya incheckningar skall hämtas från."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1101
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1395
 msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
 msgstr "Du måste ange namnet på en tagg."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1143
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1444
+msgid "Negative depth in --deepen is not supported"
+msgstr "Negativa djup stöds inte i --deepen"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1446
+msgid "--deepen and --depth are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "--deepen och --depth är ömsesidigt uteslutande"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1451
 msgid "--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"
 msgstr "--depth och --unshallow kan inte användas samtidigt"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1145
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1453
 msgid "--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"
 msgstr "--unshallow kan inte användas på ett komplett arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1168
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1469
 msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
 msgstr "fetch --all tar inte namnet på ett arkiv som argument"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1170
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1471
 msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
 msgstr "fetch --all kan inte anges med referensspecifikationer"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1181
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1480
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
 msgstr "Fjärren eller fjärrgruppen finns inte: %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1189
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1487
 msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
 msgstr "Kan inte hämta från grupp och ange referensspecifikationer"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:13
-msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <file>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <meddelande>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <fil>]"
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <meddelande>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <fil>]"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665 builtin/grep.c:698
-#: builtin/merge.c:198 builtin/repack.c:178 builtin/repack.c:182
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:657 builtin/show-ref.c:178 builtin/tag.c:590
-#: parse-options.h:132 parse-options.h:239
-msgid "n"
-msgstr "n"
-
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:663
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
 msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
 msgstr "fyll i loggen med som mest <n> poster från shortlog"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
 msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
 msgstr "alias för --log (avråds)"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:672
 msgid "text"
 msgstr "text"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:670
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:673
 msgid "use <text> as start of message"
 msgstr "inled meddelande med <text>"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:671
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:674
 msgid "file to read from"
 msgstr "fil att läsa från"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:676
-msgid "unable to parse format"
-msgstr "kan inte tolka formatet"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:10
+msgid "git for-each-ref [<options>] [<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [<flaggor>] [<mönster>]"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1064
-msgid "git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]"
-msgstr "git for-each-ref [flaggor] [<mönster>]"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:11
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--points-at <object>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--points-at <objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1079
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:12
+msgid "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<incheckning>]]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:13
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--contains [<commit>]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git for-each-ref [--contains [<incheckning>]] [--no-contains [<incheckning>]]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:28
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
 msgstr "citera platshållare passande för skal"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1081
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:30
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
 msgstr "citera platshållare passande för perl"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1083
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:32
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
 msgstr "citera platshållare passande för python"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1085
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:34
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for Tcl"
 msgstr "citera platshållare passande för Tcl"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1088
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:37
 msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
 msgstr "visa endast <n> träffade refs"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1089 builtin/replace.c:438
-msgid "format"
-msgstr "format"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:39 builtin/tag.c:421
+msgid "respect format colors"
+msgstr "använd formatfärger"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1089
-msgid "format to use for the output"
-msgstr "format att använda för utdata"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:43
+msgid "print only refs which points at the given object"
+msgstr "visa endast referenser som pekar på objektet"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1090
-msgid "key"
-msgstr "nyckel"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:45
+msgid "print only refs that are merged"
+msgstr "visa endast referenser som slagits samman"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1091
-msgid "field name to sort on"
-msgstr "fältnamn att sortera på"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:46
+msgid "print only refs that are not merged"
+msgstr "visa endast referenser som ej slagits samman"
 
-# Vague original, not networking-related, but rather related to the actual
-# objects in the database.
-#: builtin/fsck.c:147 builtin/prune.c:136
-msgid "Checking connectivity"
-msgstr "Kontrollerar konnektivitet"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:47
+msgid "print only refs which contain the commit"
+msgstr "visa endast referenser som innehåller incheckningen"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:540
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:48
+msgid "print only refs which don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "visa endast referenser som inte innehåller incheckningen"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:569
 msgid "Checking object directories"
 msgstr "Kontrollerar objektkataloger"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:603
-msgid "git fsck [options] [<object>...]"
-msgstr "git fsck [flaggor] [<objekt>...]"
+#: builtin/fsck.c:661
+msgid "git fsck [<options>] [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git fsck [<flaggor>] [<objekt>...]"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:609
+#: builtin/fsck.c:667
 msgid "show unreachable objects"
 msgstr "visa onåbara objekt"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:610
+#: builtin/fsck.c:668
 msgid "show dangling objects"
 msgstr "visa dinglande objekt"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:611
+#: builtin/fsck.c:669
 msgid "report tags"
 msgstr "rapportera taggar"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:612
+#: builtin/fsck.c:670
 msgid "report root nodes"
 msgstr "rapportera rotnoder"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:613
+#: builtin/fsck.c:671
 msgid "make index objects head nodes"
 msgstr "gör indexojekt till huvudnoder"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:614
+#: builtin/fsck.c:672
 msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
 msgstr "gör refloggar till huvudnoder (standard)"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:615
+#: builtin/fsck.c:673
 msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
 msgstr "ta även hänsyn till paket och alternativa objekt"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:616
+# Vague original, not networking-related, but rather related to the actual
+# objects in the database.
+#: builtin/fsck.c:674
+msgid "check only connectivity"
+msgstr "kontrollera endast konnektivitet"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:675
 msgid "enable more strict checking"
 msgstr "aktivera striktare kontroll"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:618
+#: builtin/fsck.c:677
 msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
 msgstr "skriv dinglande objekt i .git/lost-found"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:619 builtin/prune.c:108
+#: builtin/fsck.c:678 builtin/prune.c:109
 msgid "show progress"
 msgstr "visa förlopp"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:669
+#: builtin/fsck.c:679
+msgid "show verbose names for reachable objects"
+msgstr "visa ordrika namn för nåbara objekt"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:745
 msgid "Checking objects"
 msgstr "Kontrollerar objekt"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:24
-msgid "git gc [options]"
-msgstr "git gc [flaggor]"
+#: builtin/gc.c:33
+msgid "git gc [<options>]"
+msgstr "git gc [<flaggor>]"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fstat %s: %s"
+msgstr "Misslyckades ta status (fstat) på %s: %s"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:79
+#: builtin/gc.c:452
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid gc.pruneexpire: '%s'"
-msgstr "Ogiltig gc.pruneexpire: '%s'"
+msgid "Can't stat %s"
+msgstr "Kan inte ta status på %s"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:107
+#: builtin/gc.c:461
 #, c-format
-msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
-msgstr "tokigt lång objektkatalog %.*s"
+msgid ""
+"The last gc run reported the following. Please correct the root cause\n"
+"and remove %s.\n"
+"Automatic cleanup will not be performed until the file is removed.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Senaste körningen av git gc rapporterade följande. Fixa grundproblemet\n"
+"och ta bort %s.\n"
+"Automatisk städning kommer inte utföras förrän filen tas bort.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:276
+#: builtin/gc.c:502
 msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
 msgstr "rensa ej refererade objekt"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:278
+#: builtin/gc.c:504
 msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
 msgstr "var mer grundlig (ökar körtiden)"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:279
+#: builtin/gc.c:505
 msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
 msgstr "aktivera auto-gc-läge"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:280
+#: builtin/gc.c:508
 msgid "force running gc even if there may be another gc running"
 msgstr "tvinga gc-körning även om en annan gc kanske körs"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:321
+#: builtin/gc.c:511
+msgid "repack all other packs except the largest pack"
+msgstr "packa om alla paket förutom det största paketet"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:528
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to parse gc.logexpiry value %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka värdet %s för gc.logexpiry"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:539
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to parse prune expiry value %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka värdet %s för prune expiry"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:559
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto packing the repository in background for optimum performance.\n"
 msgstr "Packar arkivet automatiskt i bakgrunden för optimal prestanda.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:323
+#: builtin/gc.c:561
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
 msgstr "Packar arkivet automatiskt för optimal prestanda.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:324
+#: builtin/gc.c:562
 #, c-format
 msgid "See \"git help gc\" for manual housekeeping.\n"
 msgstr "Se \"git help gc\" för manuell hushållning.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:342
+#: builtin/gc.c:598
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "gc is already running on machine '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> (use --force if not)"
@@ -5568,328 +9358,367 @@ msgstr ""
 "gc körs redan på maskinen \"%s\" pid %<PRIuMAX> (använd --force om så inte "
 "är fallet)"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:364
+#: builtin/gc.c:645
 msgid ""
 "There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
 msgstr ""
 "Det finns för många onåbara lösa objekt; kör \"git prune\" för att ta bort "
 "dem."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:23
-msgid "git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
-msgstr "git grep [flaggor] [-e] <mönster> [<rev>...] [[--] <sökväg>...]"
+#: builtin/grep.c:28
+msgid "git grep [<options>] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git grep [<flaggor>] [-e] <mönster> [<rev>...] [[--] <sökväg>...]"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:218
+#: builtin/grep.c:226
 #, c-format
 msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
 msgstr "grep: misslyckades skapa tråd. %s"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:441 builtin/grep.c:476
+#: builtin/grep.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d) for %s"
+msgstr "felaktigt antal trådar angivet (%d) för %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s is the configuration
+#. variable for tweaking threads, currently
+#. grep.threads
+#.
+#: builtin/grep.c:293 builtin/index-pack.c:1531 builtin/index-pack.c:1723
+#, c-format
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
+msgstr "trådstöd saknas, ignorerar %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:461 builtin/grep.c:582 builtin/grep.c:623
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa träd (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:491
+#: builtin/grep.c:638
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
-msgstr "Kunde inte \"grep\" från objekt av typen %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte \"grep\" från objekt av typen %s"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:547
+#: builtin/grep.c:703
 #, c-format
 msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
 msgstr "flaggan \"%c\" antar ett numeriskt värde"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:564
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot open '%s'"
-msgstr "kan inte öppna \"%s\""
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:638
+#: builtin/grep.c:790
 msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
 msgstr "sök i indexet istället för i arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:640
+#: builtin/grep.c:792
 msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
 msgstr "sök i innehåll som inte hanteras av git"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:642
+#: builtin/grep.c:794
 msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr "sök i både spårade och ospårade filer"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:644
-msgid "search also in ignored files"
-msgstr "sök även i ignorerade filer"
+#: builtin/grep.c:796
+msgid "ignore files specified via '.gitignore'"
+msgstr "ignorera filer angivna i \".gitignore\""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:798
+msgid "recursively search in each submodule"
+msgstr "sök varje undermodul rekursivt"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:647
+#: builtin/grep.c:801
 msgid "show non-matching lines"
 msgstr "visa rader som inte träffas"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:649
+#: builtin/grep.c:803
 msgid "case insensitive matching"
 msgstr "skiftlägesokänslig sökning"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:651
+#: builtin/grep.c:805
 msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
 msgstr "matcha endast mönster vid ordgränser"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:653
+#: builtin/grep.c:807
 msgid "process binary files as text"
 msgstr "hantera binärfiler som text"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:655
+#: builtin/grep.c:809
 msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
 msgstr "träffa inte mönster i binärfiler"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:658
+#: builtin/grep.c:812
 msgid "process binary files with textconv filters"
 msgstr "hantera binärfiler med textconv-filter"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:660
+#: builtin/grep.c:814
 msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
 msgstr "gå som mest ned <djup> nivåer"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:664
+#: builtin/grep.c:818
 msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
 msgstr "använd utökade POSIX-reguljära uttryck"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:667
+#: builtin/grep.c:821
 msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
 msgstr "använd grundläggande POSIX-reguljära uttryck (standard)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:670
+#: builtin/grep.c:824
 msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
 msgstr "tolka mönster som fixerade strängar"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:673
+#: builtin/grep.c:827
 msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
 msgstr "använd Perlkompatibla reguljära uttryck"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:676
+#: builtin/grep.c:830
 msgid "show line numbers"
 msgstr "visa radnummer"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:677
+#: builtin/grep.c:831
 msgid "don't show filenames"
 msgstr "visa inte filnamn"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:678
+#: builtin/grep.c:832
 msgid "show filenames"
 msgstr "visa filnamn"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:680
+#: builtin/grep.c:834
 msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
 msgstr "visa filnamn relativa till toppkatalogen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:682
+#: builtin/grep.c:836
 msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
 msgstr "visa endast filnamn istället för träffade rader"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:684
+#: builtin/grep.c:838
 msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
 msgstr "synonym för --files-with-matches"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:687
+#: builtin/grep.c:841
 msgid "show only the names of files without match"
 msgstr "visa endast namn på filer utan träffar"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:689
+#: builtin/grep.c:843
 msgid "print NUL after filenames"
 msgstr "skriv NUL efter filnamn"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:691
+#: builtin/grep.c:846
 msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
 msgstr "visa antal träffar istället för träffade rader"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:692
+#: builtin/grep.c:847
 msgid "highlight matches"
 msgstr "ljusmarkera träffar"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:694
+#: builtin/grep.c:849
 msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
 msgstr "skriv tomma rader mellan träffar från olika filer"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:696
+#: builtin/grep.c:851
 msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
 msgstr "visa filnamn endast en gång ovanför träffar från samma fil"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:699
+#: builtin/grep.c:854
 msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
 msgstr "visa <n> rader sammanhang före och efter träffar"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:702
+#: builtin/grep.c:857
 msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
 msgstr "visa <n> rader sammanhang före träffar"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:704
+#: builtin/grep.c:859
 msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
 msgstr "visa <n> rader sammanhang efter träffar"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:705
+#: builtin/grep.c:861
+msgid "use <n> worker threads"
+msgstr "använd <n> jobbtrådar"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:862
 msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
 msgstr "genväg för -C NUM"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:708
+#: builtin/grep.c:865
 msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
 msgstr "visa en rad med funktionsnamnet före träffen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:710
+#: builtin/grep.c:867
 msgid "show the surrounding function"
 msgstr "visa den omkringliggande funktionen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:713
+#: builtin/grep.c:870
 msgid "read patterns from file"
 msgstr "läs mönster från fil"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:715
+#: builtin/grep.c:872
 msgid "match <pattern>"
 msgstr "träffa <mönster>"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:717
+#: builtin/grep.c:874
 msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
 msgstr "kombinera mönster som anges med -e"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:729
+#: builtin/grep.c:886
 msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
 msgstr "ange träff med slutstatuskod utan utdata"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:731
+#: builtin/grep.c:888
 msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
 msgstr "visa endast träffar från filer som träffar alla mönster"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:733
+#: builtin/grep.c:890
 msgid "show parse tree for grep expression"
 msgstr "visa analysträd för grep-uttryck"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:737
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "pager"
 msgstr "bläddrare"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:737
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "show matching files in the pager"
 msgstr "visa träffade filer i filbläddraren"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:740
+#: builtin/grep.c:898
 msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
 msgstr "tillåt anropa grep(1) (ignoreras av detta bygge)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:741 builtin/show-ref.c:187
-msgid "show usage"
-msgstr "visa användning"
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:808
+#: builtin/grep.c:962
 msgid "no pattern given."
 msgstr "inget mönster angavs."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:866
+#: builtin/grep.c:994
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs"
+msgstr "--no-index och --untracked kan inte användas med revisioner"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to resolve revision: %s"
+msgstr "kan inte slå upp revision: %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1036 builtin/index-pack.c:1527
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
+msgstr "felaktigt antal trådar angivet (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1041
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring --threads"
+msgstr "trådstöd saknas, ignorerar --threads"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1065
 msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
 msgstr "--open-files-in-pager fungerar endast i arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:892
+#: builtin/grep.c:1088
+msgid "option not supported with --recurse-submodules."
+msgstr "flaggan stöds inte med --recurse-submodules."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1094
 msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
 msgstr "--cached och --untracked kan inte användas med --no-index."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:897
-msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
-msgstr "--no-index och --untracked kan inte användas med revisioner."
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:900
+#: builtin/grep.c:1100
 msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
 msgstr "--[no-]exclude-standard kan inte användas för spårat innehåll."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:908
+#: builtin/grep.c:1108
 msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
 msgstr "både --cached och träd angavs."
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:82
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
 msgid ""
-"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
-"<file>..."
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"[--] <file>..."
 msgstr ""
-"git hash-object [-t <typ>] [-w] [--path=<fil>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
+"git hash-object [-t <typ>] [-w] [--path=<fil> | --no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
 "<fil>..."
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
-msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>"
-msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <sökvägslista>"
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:84
+msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
+msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:94 builtin/tag.c:610
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
 msgid "type"
 msgstr "typ"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:94
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
 msgid "object type"
 msgstr "objekttyp"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:95
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
 msgid "write the object into the object database"
 msgstr "skriv objektet till objektdatabasen"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
 msgid "read the object from stdin"
 msgstr "läs objektet från standard in"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
 msgid "store file as is without filters"
 msgstr "spara filen som den är utan filer"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:100
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:102
 msgid ""
 "just hash any random garbage to create corrupt objects for debugging Git"
 msgstr ""
 "hasha slumpmässigt skräp för att skapa korrupta objekt för felsökning av Git"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103
 msgid "process file as it were from this path"
 msgstr "hantera filen som om den kom från sökvägen"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:41
+#: builtin/help.c:45
 msgid "print all available commands"
 msgstr "visa alla tillgängliga kommandon"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:42
+#: builtin/help.c:46
+msgid "exclude guides"
+msgstr "uteslut vägledningar"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:47
 msgid "print list of useful guides"
 msgstr "lista användbara vägledningar"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:43
+#: builtin/help.c:48
 msgid "show man page"
 msgstr "visa manualsida"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:44
+#: builtin/help.c:49
 msgid "show manual in web browser"
 msgstr "visa manual i webbläsare"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:46
+#: builtin/help.c:51
 msgid "show info page"
 msgstr "visa info-sida"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:52
-msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
-msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [kommando]"
+#: builtin/help.c:53
+msgid "print command description"
+msgstr "visa kommandobeskrivning"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:64
+#: builtin/help.c:58
+msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<command>]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<kommando>]"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:70
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
-msgstr "okänt hjälpformat: %s"
+msgstr "okänt hjälpformat: �%s�"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:91
+#: builtin/help.c:97
 msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
 msgstr "Misslyckades starta emacsclient."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:104
+#: builtin/help.c:110
 msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
 msgstr "Kunde inte tolka emacsclient-version."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:112
+#: builtin/help.c:118
 #, c-format
 msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
 msgstr "emacsclient version \"%d\" för gammal (< 22)."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:130 builtin/help.c:158 builtin/help.c:167 builtin/help.c:175
+#: builtin/help.c:136 builtin/help.c:158 builtin/help.c:168 builtin/help.c:176
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
-msgstr "exec misslyckades för \"%s\": %s"
+msgid "failed to exec '%s'"
+msgstr "exec misslyckades för \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:215
+#: builtin/help.c:214
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
@@ -5898,7 +9727,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\"%s\": sökväg för man-visare som ej stöds.\n"
 "Använd \"man.<verktyg>.cmd\" istället."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:227
+#: builtin/help.c:226
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
@@ -5907,489 +9736,428 @@ msgstr ""
 "\"%s\": kommando för man-visare som stöds.\n"
 "Använd \"man.<verktyg>.path\" istället."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:354
+#: builtin/help.c:343
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
 msgstr "\"%s\": okänd man-visare."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:371
+#: builtin/help.c:360
 msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "ingen man-visare hanterade förfrågan"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:379
+#: builtin/help.c:368
 msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "ingen info-visare hanterade förfrågan"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:428
-msgid "Defining attributes per path"
-msgstr "Definierar attribut per sökväg"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:429
-msgid "Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So"
-msgstr "Git för dagligt bruk i ungefär 20 kommandon"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:430
-msgid "A Git glossary"
-msgstr "En Git-ordlista"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:431
-msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
-msgstr "Ange avsiktligen ospårade filer att ignorera"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:432
-msgid "Defining submodule properties"
-msgstr "Ange egenskaper för undermoduler"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:433
-msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
-msgstr "Ange versioner och intervall i Git"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:434
-msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)"
-msgstr "Introduktion till Git (för version 1.5.1 och senare)"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:435
-msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
-msgstr "Översikt över rekommenderade arbetsflöden med Git"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:447
-msgid "The common Git guides are:\n"
-msgstr "De vanliga Git-vägledningarna är:\n"
+#: builtin/help.c:415
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is aliased to '%s'"
+msgstr "\"%s\" är ett alias för \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:468 builtin/help.c:485
+#: builtin/help.c:442 builtin/help.c:459
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s%s"
 msgstr "användning: %s%s"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:501
-#, c-format
-msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
-msgstr "\"git %s\" är ett alias för \"%s\""
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:150
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:158
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to open %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte öppna %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:200
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
 msgstr "objekttyp stämmer inte överens vid %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:220
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:228
 #, c-format
 msgid "did not receive expected object %s"
 msgstr "emottog inte det förväntade objektet %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:223
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:231
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s: expected type %s, found %s"
 msgstr "objektet %s: förväntad typ %s, såg %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:265
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
 msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
 msgstr[0] "kan inte fylla %d byte"
 msgstr[1] "kan inte fylla %d byte"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:275
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:283
 msgid "early EOF"
 msgstr "tidigt filslut"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:276
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:284
 msgid "read error on input"
 msgstr "indataläsfel"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:288
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:296
 msgid "used more bytes than were available"
 msgstr "använde fler byte än tillgängligt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:295
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:303
 msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
 msgstr "paket för stort för nuvarande definition av off_t"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:311
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:306 builtin/unpack-objects.c:93
+msgid "pack exceeds maximum allowed size"
+msgstr "paket är större än tillåten maximal storlek"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte skapa \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:316
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:327
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
 msgstr "kan inte öppna paketfilen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:330
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:341
 msgid "pack signature mismatch"
 msgstr "paketsignatur stämmer inte överens"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:332
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:343
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
 msgstr "paketversion %<PRIu32> stöds ej"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:350
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:361
 #, c-format
-msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
-msgstr "paketet har felaktigt objekt vid index %lu: %s"
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
+msgstr "paketet har felaktigt objekt vid index %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:471
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:482
 #, c-format
 msgid "inflate returned %d"
 msgstr "inflate returnerade %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:520
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:531
 msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
 msgstr "indexvärdespill för deltabasobjekt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:528
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:539
 msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
 msgstr "deltabasindex utanför gränsen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:536
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:547
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown object type %d"
 msgstr "okänd objekttyp %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:567
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:578
 msgid "cannot pread pack file"
 msgstr "kan inte utföra \"pread\" på paketfil"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:569
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:580
 #, c-format
-msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
-msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
-msgstr[0] "för tidigt slut på paketfilen, %lu byte saknas"
-msgstr[1] "för tidigt slut på paketfilen, %lu byte saknas"
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] "för tidigt slut på paketfilen, %<PRIuMAX> byte saknas"
+msgstr[1] "för tidigt slut på paketfilen, %<PRIuMAX> byte saknas"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:595
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:606
 msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
 msgstr "allvarlig inflate-inkonsekvens"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:686 builtin/index-pack.c:692 builtin/index-pack.c:715
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:749 builtin/index-pack.c:758
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:751 builtin/index-pack.c:757 builtin/index-pack.c:780
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:819 builtin/index-pack.c:828
 #, c-format
 msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
 msgstr "SHA1-KOLLISION UPPTÄCKT VID %s !"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:689 builtin/pack-objects.c:164
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:256
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:754 builtin/pack-objects.c:198
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:292
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:755
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:817
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object info %s"
+msgstr "kan inte läsa information om befintligt objekt %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:825
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
 msgstr "kan inte läsa befintligt objekt %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:769
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:839
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid blob object %s"
 msgstr "ogiltigt blob-objekt %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:783
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:842 builtin/index-pack.c:860
+msgid "fsck error in packed object"
+msgstr "fsck-fel i packat objekt"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:857
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %s"
 msgstr "ogiltigt %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:787
-msgid "Error in object"
-msgstr "Fel i objekt"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:789
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:862
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
 msgstr "Inte alla barnobjekt för %s kan nås"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:861 builtin/index-pack.c:890
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:934 builtin/index-pack.c:965
 msgid "failed to apply delta"
 msgstr "misslyckades tillämpa delta"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1055
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1135
 msgid "Receiving objects"
 msgstr "Tar emot objekt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1055
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1135
 msgid "Indexing objects"
 msgstr "Skapar index för objekt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1081
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1169
 msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
 msgstr "paketet är trasigt (SHA1 stämmer inte)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1086
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1174
 msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
 msgstr "kan inte utföra \"fstat\" på paketfil"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1089
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1177
 msgid "pack has junk at the end"
 msgstr "paket har skräp i slutet"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1100
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1189
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
 msgstr "förvirrad bortom vanvett i parse_pack_objects()"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1123
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1212
 msgid "Resolving deltas"
 msgstr "Analyserar delta"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1133
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1223
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte skapa tråd: %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1175
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1265
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
 msgstr "förvirrad bortom vanvett"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1181
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1271
 #, c-format
-msgid "completed with %d local objects"
-msgstr "slutfördes med %d lokala objekt"
+msgid "completed with %d local object"
+msgid_plural "completed with %d local objects"
+msgstr[0] "slutfördes med %d lokalt objekt"
+msgstr[1] "slutfördes med %d lokala objekt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1191
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1283
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
 msgstr "Oväntad svanschecksumma för %s (trasig disk?)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1195
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
 msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
 msgstr[0] "paketet har %d oanalyserat delta"
 msgstr[1] "paketet har %d oanalyserade delta"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1220
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1311
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
 msgstr "kunde inte utföra \"deflate\" på tillagt objekt (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1299
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1388
 #, c-format
 msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
 msgstr "lokalt objekt %s är trasigt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1323
-msgid "error while closing pack file"
-msgstr "fel vid stängning av paketfil"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1402
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr "paketfilnamnet \"%s\" slutar inte med \".pack\""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1336
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1427
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
-msgstr "kan inte ta skriva \"keep\"-fil \"%s\""
+msgid "cannot write %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte ta skriva %s-fil \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1344
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1435
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
-msgstr "akn inte stänga skriven \"keep\"-fil \"%s\""
+msgid "cannot close written %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte stänga skriven %s-fil \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1357
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1459
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
+msgstr "fel vid stängning av paketfil"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1473
 msgid "cannot store pack file"
 msgstr "kan inte spara paketfil"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1368
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1481
 msgid "cannot store index file"
 msgstr "kan inte spara indexfil"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1521
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 msgstr "felaktig pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1407
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
-msgstr "felaktigt antal trådar angivet (%d)"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1411 builtin/index-pack.c:1590
-#, c-format
-msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
-msgstr "trådstöd saknas, ignorerar %s"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1469
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1590
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
 msgstr "Kan inte öppna befintlig paketfil \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1471
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1592
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
 msgstr "Kan inte öppna befintlig paket-idx-fil för \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1518
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1640
 #, c-format
 msgid "non delta: %d object"
 msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
 msgstr[0] "icke-delta: %d objekt"
 msgstr[1] "icke-delta: %d objekt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1525
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1647
 #, c-format
 msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
 msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
 msgstr[0] "kedjelängd = %d: %lu objekt"
 msgstr[1] "kedjelängd = %d: %lu objekt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1554
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1684
 msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
 msgstr "Kan inte gå tillbaka till arbetskatalogen (cwd)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1602 builtin/index-pack.c:1605
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1617 builtin/index-pack.c:1621
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1735 builtin/index-pack.c:1738
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1754 builtin/index-pack.c:1758
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad %s"
 msgstr "felaktig %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1635
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1774
 msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
 msgstr "--fix-thin kan inte användas med --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1639 builtin/index-pack.c:1648
-#, c-format
-msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
-msgstr "paketfilnamnet \"%s\" slutar inte med \".pack\""
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1776
+msgid "--stdin requires a git repository"
+msgstr "--stdin kräver ett git-arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1656
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1782
 msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
 msgstr "--verify angavs utan paketfilnamn"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:35
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
-msgstr "Kunde inte göra %s skrivbar för gruppen"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:62
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template name %s"
-msgstr "tokigt långt namn på mallen %s"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1832 builtin/unpack-objects.c:578
+msgid "fsck error in pack objects"
+msgstr "fsck-fel i packat objekt"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#: builtin/init-db.c:55
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
 msgstr "kan inte ta status på \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#: builtin/init-db.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
 msgstr "kan inte ta status på mallen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#: builtin/init-db.c:66
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
 msgstr "kan inte öppna katalogen (opendir) \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#: builtin/init-db.c:77
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
 msgstr "kan inte läsa länk (readlink) \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:99
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
-msgstr "tokigt lång symbolisk länk %s"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#: builtin/init-db.c:79
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
 msgstr "kan inte skapa symbolisk länk \"%s\" \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#: builtin/init-db.c:85
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr "kan inte kopiera \"%s\" till \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#: builtin/init-db.c:89
 #, c-format
 msgid "ignoring template %s"
 msgstr "ignorerar mallen %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:136
+#: builtin/init-db.c:120
 #, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template path %s"
-msgstr "tokigt lång mallsökväg %s"
+msgid "templates not found in %s"
+msgstr "mallarna hittades inte i %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:144
+#: builtin/init-db.c:135
 #, c-format
-msgid "templates not found %s"
-msgstr "mallarna hittades inte %s"
+msgid "not copying templates from '%s': %s"
+msgstr "kopierade inte mallar från \"%s\": %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:157
+#: builtin/init-db.c:328
 #, c-format
-msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
-msgstr "kopierade inte mallar från felaktig formatversion %d från \"%s\""
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr "kan inte hantera filtyp %d"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:197
+#: builtin/init-db.c:331
 #, c-format
-msgid "insane git directory %s"
-msgstr "tokig git-katalog %s"
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr "kan inte flytta %s till %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:331 builtin/init-db.c:334
+#: builtin/init-db.c:348 builtin/init-db.c:351
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s already exists"
 msgstr "%s finns redan"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:363
+#: builtin/init-db.c:404
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
-msgstr "kan inte hantera filtyp %d"
+msgid "Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Ominitierade befintligt delat Git-arkiv i %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:366
+#: builtin/init-db.c:405
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
-msgstr "kan inte flytta %s till %s"
+msgid "Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Ominitierade befintligt Git-arkiv i %s%s\n"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
-#. existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
-#. "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
-#: builtin/init-db.c:426
+#: builtin/init-db.c:409
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
-msgstr "%s%s Git-arkiv i %s%s\n"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:427
-msgid "Reinitialized existing"
-msgstr "Ominitierade befintligt"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:427
-msgid "Initialized empty"
-msgstr "Initierade tomt"
+msgid "Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Initierade tomt delat Git-arkiv i %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:428
-msgid " shared"
-msgstr " delat"
+#: builtin/init-db.c:410
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "Initierade tomt Git-arkiv i %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:475
+#: builtin/init-db.c:458
 msgid ""
 "git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--"
-"shared[=<permissions>]] [directory]"
+"shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<mallkatalog>] [--"
-"shared[=<behörigheter>]] [katalog]"
+"shared[=<behörigheter>]] [<katalog>]"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:498
+#: builtin/init-db.c:481
 msgid "permissions"
 msgstr "behörigheter"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:499
+#: builtin/init-db.c:482
 msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
 msgstr "ange att git-arkivet skall delas bland flera användare"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:501 builtin/prune-packed.c:57 builtin/repack.c:171
-msgid "be quiet"
-msgstr "var tyst"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:533 builtin/init-db.c:538
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
-msgstr "kan inte skapa katalogen (mkdir) %s"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:542
+#: builtin/init-db.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
 msgstr "kan inte byta katalog (chdir) till %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:563
+#: builtin/init-db.c:546
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
@@ -6398,405 +10166,571 @@ msgstr ""
 "%s (eller --work-tree=<katalog>) inte tillåtet utan att ange %s (eller --git-"
 "dir=<katalog>)"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:591
+#: builtin/init-db.c:574
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
 msgstr "Kan inte komma åt arbetskatalogen \"%s\""
 
 #: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git interpret-trailers [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>])...] "
-"[<file>...]"
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"<token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [<file>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git interpret-trailers [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
 "<symbol>[(=|:)<värde>])...] [<fil>...]"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:25
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:92
+msgid "edit files in place"
+msgstr "redigera filer på plats"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:93
 msgid "trim empty trailers"
 msgstr "ta bort tomma släprader"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:26
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:96
+msgid "where to place the new trailer"
+msgstr "var nya släprader skall placeras"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:98
+msgid "action if trailer already exists"
+msgstr "att göra om släprader redan finns"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:100
+msgid "action if trailer is missing"
+msgstr "att göra om släprader saknas"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:102
+msgid "output only the trailers"
+msgstr "visa endast släprader"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:103
+msgid "do not apply config rules"
+msgstr "använd inte regler från konfigurationen"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:104
+msgid "join whitespace-continued values"
+msgstr "slå ihop värden avdelade med blanksteg"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:105
+msgid "set parsing options"
+msgstr "välj tolkningsalternativ"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:107
 msgid "trailer"
 msgstr "släprad"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:27
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:108
 msgid "trailer(s) to add"
 msgstr "släprad(er) att lägga till"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:41
-msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:117
+msgid "--trailer with --only-input does not make sense"
+msgstr "--trailer med --only-input ger ingen mening"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:127
+msgid "no input file given for in-place editing"
+msgstr "ingen indatafil angiven för redigering på plats"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:48
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
 msgstr "git log [<flaggor>] [<versionsintervall>] [[--] <sökväg>...]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:42
-msgid "git show [options] <object>..."
-msgstr "git show [flaggor] <objekt>..."
+#: builtin/log.c:49
+msgid "git show [<options>] <object>..."
+msgstr "git show [<flaggor>] <objekt>..."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:81
+#: builtin/log.c:93
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid --decorate option: %s"
 msgstr "ogiltig flagga för --decorate: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:127
+#: builtin/log.c:153
 msgid "suppress diff output"
 msgstr "undertryck diff-utdata"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:128
+#: builtin/log.c:154
 msgid "show source"
 msgstr "visa källkod"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:129
+#: builtin/log.c:155
 msgid "Use mail map file"
 msgstr "Använd e-postmappningsfil"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:130
+#: builtin/log.c:157
+msgid "only decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "dekorera endast referenser som motsvarar <mönster>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:159
+msgid "do not decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "dekorera inte referenser som motsvarar <mönster>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:160
 msgid "decorate options"
 msgstr "dekoreringsflaggor"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:133
+#: builtin/log.c:163
 msgid "Process line range n,m in file, counting from 1"
 msgstr "Behandla radintervallet n,m i filen, med början på 1"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:229
+#: builtin/log.c:259
 #, c-format
 msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
 msgstr "Slututdata: %d %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:458
+#: builtin/log.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "git show %s: bad file"
 msgstr "git show %s: felaktig fil"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:472 builtin/log.c:564
+#: builtin/log.c:525 builtin/log.c:619
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read object %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte läsa objektet %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:588
+#: builtin/log.c:643
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown type: %d"
 msgstr "Okänd typ: %d"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:689
+#: builtin/log.c:764
 msgid "format.headers without value"
 msgstr "format.headers utan värde"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:773
+#: builtin/log.c:865
 msgid "name of output directory is too long"
 msgstr "namnet på utdatakatalogen är för långt"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:789
+#: builtin/log.c:881
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
 msgstr "Kan inte öppna patchfilen %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:803
+#: builtin/log.c:898
 msgid "Need exactly one range."
 msgstr "Behöver precis ett intervall."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:811
+#: builtin/log.c:908
 msgid "Not a range."
 msgstr "Inte ett intervall."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:919
+#: builtin/log.c:1014
 msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
 msgstr "Omslagsbrevet behöver e-postformat"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:998
+#: builtin/log.c:1095
 #, c-format
 msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
 msgstr "tokigt in-reply-to: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1026
-msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
-msgstr "git format-patch [flaggor] [<sedan> | <revisionsintervall>]"
+#: builtin/log.c:1122
+msgid "git format-patch [<options>] [<since> | <revision-range>]"
+msgstr "git format-patch [<flaggor>] [<sedan> | <revisionsintervall>]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1071
+#: builtin/log.c:1172
 msgid "Two output directories?"
 msgstr "Två utdatakataloger?"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1186
+#: builtin/log.c:1279 builtin/log.c:1932 builtin/log.c:1934 builtin/log.c:1946
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr "Okänd incheckning %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1289 builtin/notes.c:887 builtin/tag.c:523
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "Kunde inte slå upp \"%s\" som en giltig referens."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1294
+msgid "Could not find exact merge base."
+msgstr "Kunde inte hitta exakt sammanslagningsbas."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1298
+msgid ""
+"Failed to get upstream, if you want to record base commit automatically,\n"
+"please use git branch --set-upstream-to to track a remote branch.\n"
+"Or you could specify base commit by --base=<base-commit-id> manually."
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte hämta uppström, om du vill lagra basincheckningen automatiskt,\n"
+"använd git branch --set-upstream-to för att spåra en fjärrgren.\n"
+"Eller så kan du ange basincheckning med --base=<bas-inchecknings-id> "
+"manuellt."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1318
+msgid "Failed to find exact merge base"
+msgstr "Kunde inte hitta exakt sammanslagningsbas"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1329
+msgid "base commit should be the ancestor of revision list"
+msgstr "basincheckningen bör vara förfader till revisionslistan"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1333
+msgid "base commit shouldn't be in revision list"
+msgstr "basincheckningen bör inte vara i revisionslistan"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1382
+msgid "cannot get patch id"
+msgstr "kan inte hämta patch-id"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1441
 msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
 msgstr "använd [PATCH n/m] även för en ensam patch"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1189
+#: builtin/log.c:1444
 msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
 msgstr "använd [PATCH] även för flera patchar"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1193
+#: builtin/log.c:1448
 msgid "print patches to standard out"
 msgstr "skriv patcharna på standard ut"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1195
+#: builtin/log.c:1450
 msgid "generate a cover letter"
 msgstr "generera ett följebrev"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1197
+#: builtin/log.c:1452
 msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
 msgstr "använd enkel nummersekvens för utdatafilnamn"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1198
+#: builtin/log.c:1453
 msgid "sfx"
 msgstr "sfx"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1199
+#: builtin/log.c:1454
 msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
 msgstr "använd <sfx> istället för \".patch\""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1201
+#: builtin/log.c:1456
 msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
 msgstr "börja numrera patchar på <n> istället för 1"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1203
+#: builtin/log.c:1458
 msgid "mark the series as Nth re-roll"
 msgstr "markera serien som N:te försök"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1205
+#: builtin/log.c:1460
+msgid "Use [RFC PATCH] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "Använd  [RFC PATCH] istället för [PATCH]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1463
 msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
 msgstr "Använd [<prefix>] istället för [PATCH]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1208
+#: builtin/log.c:1466
 msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
 msgstr "spara filerna i <katalog>"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1211
+#: builtin/log.c:1469
 msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
 msgstr "ta inte bort eller lägg till [PATCH]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1214
+#: builtin/log.c:1472
 msgid "don't output binary diffs"
 msgstr "skriv inte binära diffar"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1216
+#: builtin/log.c:1474
+msgid "output all-zero hash in From header"
+msgstr "använd hashvärde med nollor i From-huvud"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1476
 msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
 msgstr "ta inte med patchar som motsvarar en uppströmsincheckning"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1218
+#: builtin/log.c:1478
 msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
 msgstr "visa patchformat istället för standard (patch + stat)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1220
+#: builtin/log.c:1480
 msgid "Messaging"
 msgstr "E-post"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1221
+#: builtin/log.c:1481
 msgid "header"
 msgstr "huvud"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1222
+#: builtin/log.c:1482
 msgid "add email header"
 msgstr "lägg till e-posthuvud"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1223 builtin/log.c:1225
+#: builtin/log.c:1483 builtin/log.c:1485
 msgid "email"
 msgstr "epost"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1223
+#: builtin/log.c:1483
 msgid "add To: header"
-msgstr "Lägg till mottagarhuvud (\"To:\")"
+msgstr "lägg till mottagarhuvud (\"To:\")"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1225
+#: builtin/log.c:1485
 msgid "add Cc: header"
-msgstr "Lägg till kopiehuvud (\"Cc:\")"
+msgstr "lägg till kopiehuvud (\"Cc:\")"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1227
+#: builtin/log.c:1487
 msgid "ident"
 msgstr "ident"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1228
+#: builtin/log.c:1488
 msgid "set From address to <ident> (or committer ident if absent)"
 msgstr "sätt Från-adress till <ident> (eller incheckare om ident saknas)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1230
+#: builtin/log.c:1490
 msgid "message-id"
 msgstr "meddelande-id"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1231
+#: builtin/log.c:1491
 msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
-msgstr "Gör det första brevet ett svar till <meddelande-id>"
+msgstr "gör det första brevet ett svar till <meddelande-id>"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1232 builtin/log.c:1235
+#: builtin/log.c:1492 builtin/log.c:1495
 msgid "boundary"
 msgstr "gräns"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1233
+#: builtin/log.c:1493
 msgid "attach the patch"
 msgstr "bifoga patchen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1236
+#: builtin/log.c:1496
 msgid "inline the patch"
 msgstr "gör patchen ett inline-objekt"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1240
+#: builtin/log.c:1500
 msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
 msgstr "aktivera brevtrådning, typer: shallow, deep"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1242
+#: builtin/log.c:1502
 msgid "signature"
 msgstr "signatur"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1243
+#: builtin/log.c:1503
 msgid "add a signature"
 msgstr "lägg till signatur"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1245
+#: builtin/log.c:1504
+msgid "base-commit"
+msgstr "basincheckning"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1505
+msgid "add prerequisite tree info to the patch series"
+msgstr "lägg till förhandskrävd trädinfo i patchserien"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1507
 msgid "add a signature from a file"
 msgstr "lägg till signatur från fil"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1246
+#: builtin/log.c:1508
 msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
 msgstr "visa inte filnamn för patchar"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1320
+#: builtin/log.c:1510
+msgid "show progress while generating patches"
+msgstr "visa förloppsindikator medan patchar skapas"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1585
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid ident line: %s"
 msgstr "ogiltig ident-rad: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1335
+#: builtin/log.c:1600
 msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
 msgstr "-n och -k kan inte användas samtidigt."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1337
-msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
-msgstr "--subject-prefix och -k kan inte användas samtidigt."
+#: builtin/log.c:1602
+msgid "--subject-prefix/--rfc and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "--subject-prefix/--rfc och -k kan inte användas samtidigt."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1345
+#: builtin/log.c:1610
 msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
 msgstr "kan inte använda --name-only"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1347
+#: builtin/log.c:1612
 msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
 msgstr "kan inte använda --name-status"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1349
+#: builtin/log.c:1614
 msgid "--check does not make sense"
 msgstr "kan inte använda --check"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1372
+#: builtin/log.c:1646
 msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
 msgstr "standard ut, eller katalog, vilken skall det vara?"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1374
+#: builtin/log.c:1648
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte skapa katalogen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1472
+#: builtin/log.c:1741
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read signature file '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa signaturfil \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1535
+#: builtin/log.c:1773
+msgid "Generating patches"
+msgstr "Skapar patchar"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1817
 msgid "Failed to create output files"
 msgstr "Misslyckades skapa utdatafiler"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1583
+#: builtin/log.c:1867
 msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
 msgstr "git cherry [-v] [<uppström> [<huvud> [<gräns>]]]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1638
+#: builtin/log.c:1921
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
 msgstr "Kunde inte hitta en spårad fjärrgren, ange <uppström> manuellt.\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1651 builtin/log.c:1653 builtin/log.c:1665
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unknown commit %s"
-msgstr "Okänd incheckning %s"
-
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:401
-msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git ls-files [flaggor] [<fil>...]"
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+msgid "git ls-files [<options>] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-files [<flaggor>] [<fil>...]"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:458
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:517
 msgid "identify the file status with tags"
 msgstr "identifiera filstatus med taggar"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:460
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:519
 msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
 msgstr "använd små bokstäver för \"anta oförändrade\"-filer"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:462
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:521
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'fsmonitor clean' files"
+msgstr "använd små bokstäver för \"fsmonitor clean\"-filer"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:523
 msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
 msgstr "visa cachade filer i utdata (standard)"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:464
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:525
 msgid "show deleted files in the output"
 msgstr "visa borttagna filer i utdata"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:466
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:527
 msgid "show modified files in the output"
 msgstr "visa modifierade filer i utdata"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:529
 msgid "show other files in the output"
 msgstr "visa andra filer i utdata"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:470
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:531
 msgid "show ignored files in the output"
 msgstr "visa ignorerade filer i utdata"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:534
 msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
 msgstr "visa köat innehålls objektnamn i utdata"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:536
 msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
 msgstr "visa filer i filsystemet som behöver tas bort"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:477
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:538
 msgid "show 'other' directories' names only"
 msgstr "visa endast namn för \"andra\" kataloger"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:540
+msgid "show line endings of files"
+msgstr "visa radslut i filer"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:542
 msgid "don't show empty directories"
 msgstr "visa inte tomma kataloger"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:483
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:545
 msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
 msgstr "visa ej sammanslagna filer i utdata"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:547
 msgid "show resolve-undo information"
 msgstr "visa \"resolve-undo\"-information"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:487
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:549
 msgid "skip files matching pattern"
 msgstr "hoppa över filer som motsvarar mönster"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:552
 msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
 msgstr "exkludera mönster som läses från <fil>"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:493
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:555
 msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
 msgstr "läs ytterligare per-katalog-exkluderingsmönster från <fil>"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:557
 msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
 msgstr "lägg till git:s standardexkluderingar"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:560
 msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
 msgstr "gör utdata relativ till projektets toppkatalog"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:501
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:563
+msgid "recurse through submodules"
+msgstr "rekursera ner i undermoduler"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:565
 msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
 msgstr "om en <fil> inte är indexet, betrakta det som ett fel"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:502
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:566
 msgid "tree-ish"
 msgstr "träd-igt"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:567
 msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
 msgstr "låtsas att sökvägar borttagna sedan <träd-igt> fortfarande finns"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:505
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:569
 msgid "show debugging data"
 msgstr "visa felsökningsutdata"
 
-#: builtin/ls-tree.c:28
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:9
+msgid ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<repository> [<refs>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<arkiv> [<referenser>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:59
+msgid "do not print remote URL"
+msgstr "visa inte fjärr-URL"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:60 builtin/ls-remote.c:62
+msgid "exec"
+msgstr "exec"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:61 builtin/ls-remote.c:63
+msgid "path of git-upload-pack on the remote host"
+msgstr "sökväg till git-upload-pack på fjärren"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:65
+msgid "limit to tags"
+msgstr "begränsa till taggar"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:66
+msgid "limit to heads"
+msgstr "begränsa till huvuden"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:67
+msgid "do not show peeled tags"
+msgstr "visa inte avskalade taggar"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:69
+msgid "take url.<base>.insteadOf into account"
+msgstr "ta hänsyn till url.<bas>.insteadOf"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:73
+msgid "exit with exit code 2 if no matching refs are found"
+msgstr "avsluta med felkod 2 om motsvarande referenser inte hittas"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:76
+msgid "show underlying ref in addition to the object pointed by it"
+msgstr "visa underliggande referens och objektet det pekar på"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:29
 msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr "git ls-tree [<flaggor>] <träd-igt> [<sökväg>...]"
 
@@ -6832,182 +10766,188 @@ msgstr "använd fullständiga sökvägsnamn"
 msgid "list entire tree; not just current directory (implies --full-name)"
 msgstr "visa hela trädet; inte bara aktuell katalog (implicerar --full-name)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:45
-msgid "git merge [options] [<commit>...]"
-msgstr "git merge [flaggor] [<incheckning>...]"
+#: builtin/mailsplit.c:241
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty mbox: '%s'"
+msgstr "tom mbox: �%s�"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:46
-msgid "git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
-msgstr "git merge [flaggor] <meddelande> HEAD <incheckning>"
+#: builtin/merge.c:51
+msgid "git merge [<options>] [<commit>...]"
+msgstr "git merge [<flaggor>] [<incheckning>...]"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:47
+#: builtin/merge.c:52
 msgid "git merge --abort"
 msgstr "git merge --abort"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:100
+#: builtin/merge.c:53
+msgid "git merge --continue"
+msgstr "git merge --continue"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:110
 msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
 msgstr "flaggan \"m\" behöver ett värde"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:137
+#: builtin/merge.c:147
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
 msgstr "Kunde inte hitta sammanslagningsstrategin \"%s\".\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:138
+#: builtin/merge.c:148
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available strategies are:"
 msgstr "Tillgängliga strategier är:"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:143
+#: builtin/merge.c:153
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
 msgstr "Tillgängliga skräddarsydda strategier är:"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:193
+#: builtin/merge.c:203 builtin/pull.c:142
 msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
 msgstr "visa inte en diffstat när sammanslagningen är färdig"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:196
+#: builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/pull.c:145
 msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
 msgstr "visa en diffstat när sammanslagningen är färdig"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:197
+#: builtin/merge.c:207 builtin/pull.c:148
 msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
 msgstr "(synonym till --stat)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:199
+#: builtin/merge.c:209 builtin/pull.c:151
 msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
 msgstr ""
 "lägg till (som mest <n>) poster från shortlog till incheckningsmeddelandet"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:202
+#: builtin/merge.c:212 builtin/pull.c:157
 msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
 msgstr "skapa en ensam incheckning istället för en sammanslagning"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:204
+#: builtin/merge.c:214 builtin/pull.c:160
 msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
 msgstr "utför en incheckning om sammanslagningen lyckades (standard)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:206
+#: builtin/merge.c:216 builtin/pull.c:163
 msgid "edit message before committing"
 msgstr "redigera meddelande innan incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:207
+#: builtin/merge.c:217
 msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
 msgstr "tillåt snabbspolning (standard)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:209
+#: builtin/merge.c:219 builtin/pull.c:169
 msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
 msgstr "avbryt om snabbspolning inte är möjlig"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:213
-msgid "Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
-msgstr "Bekräfta att den namngivna incheckningen har en giltig GPG-signatur"
+#: builtin/merge.c:223 builtin/pull.c:172
+msgid "verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+msgstr "bekräfta att den namngivna incheckningen har en giltig GPG-signatur"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:214 builtin/notes.c:753 builtin/revert.c:89
+#: builtin/merge.c:224 builtin/notes.c:777 builtin/pull.c:176
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "strategy"
 msgstr "strategi"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:215
+#: builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/pull.c:177
 msgid "merge strategy to use"
 msgstr "sammanslagningsstrategi att använda"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:216
+#: builtin/merge.c:226 builtin/pull.c:180
 msgid "option=value"
 msgstr "alternativ=värde"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:217
+#: builtin/merge.c:227 builtin/pull.c:181
 msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
 msgstr "alternativ för vald sammanslagningsstrategi"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:219
+#: builtin/merge.c:229
 msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
 msgstr "incheckningsmeddelande för (icke snabbspolande) sammanslagning"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:223
+#: builtin/merge.c:233
 msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
 msgstr "avbryt den pågående sammanslagningen"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:251
+#: builtin/merge.c:235
+msgid "continue the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "fortsätt den pågående sammanslagningen"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:237 builtin/pull.c:188
+msgid "allow merging unrelated histories"
+msgstr "tillåt sammanslagning av orelaterade historier"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:243
+msgid "verify commit-msg hook"
+msgstr "bekräfta commit-msg-krok"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:268
 msgid "could not run stash."
 msgstr "kunde köra stash."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:256
+#: builtin/merge.c:273
 msgid "stash failed"
 msgstr "stash misslyckades"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:261
+#: builtin/merge.c:278
 #, c-format
 msgid "not a valid object: %s"
 msgstr "inte ett giltigt objekt: %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:280 builtin/merge.c:297
+#: builtin/merge.c:300 builtin/merge.c:317
 msgid "read-tree failed"
 msgstr "read-tree misslyckades"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:327
+#: builtin/merge.c:347
 msgid " (nothing to squash)"
 msgstr " (inget att platta till)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:340
+#: builtin/merge.c:358
 #, c-format
 msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr "Tillplattningsincheckning -- uppdaterar inte HEAD\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:372
-msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "Skriver SQUASH_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:374
-msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "Avslutar SQUASH_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:397
+#: builtin/merge.c:408
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr "Inget sammanslagningsmeddelande -- uppdaterar inte HEAD\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:447
+#: builtin/merge.c:458
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
 msgstr "\"%s\" verkar inte peka på en incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:559
+#: builtin/merge.c:548
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
 msgstr "Felaktig branch.%s.mergeoptions-sträng: %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:654
-msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
-msgstr "git write-tree misslyckades skriva ett träd"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:678
+#: builtin/merge.c:669
 msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
 msgstr "Hanterar inte något annat än en sammanslagning av två huvuden."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:692
+#: builtin/merge.c:683
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
 msgstr "Felaktig flagga för merge-recursive: -X%s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:705
+#: builtin/merge.c:698
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte skriva %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:794
+#: builtin/merge.c:749
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte läsa från \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:803
+#: builtin/merge.c:758
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Checkar inte in sammanslagningen; använd \"git commit\" för att slutföra "
 "den.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:809
+#: builtin/merge.c:764
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
@@ -7023,48 +10963,69 @@ msgstr ""
 "Rader som inleds med \"%c\" kommer ignoreras, och ett tomt meddelande\n"
 "avbryter incheckningen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:833
+#: builtin/merge.c:800
 msgid "Empty commit message."
 msgstr "Tomt incheckningsmeddelande."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:845
+#: builtin/merge.c:819
 #, c-format
 msgid "Wonderful.\n"
 msgstr "Underbart.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:900
+#: builtin/merge.c:872
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Kunde inte slå ihop automatiskt; fixa konflikter och checka in resultatet.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:916
-#, c-format
-msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
-msgstr "\"%s\" är inte en incheckning"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:957
+#: builtin/merge.c:911
 msgid "No current branch."
 msgstr "Inte på någon gren."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:959
+#: builtin/merge.c:913
 msgid "No remote for the current branch."
 msgstr "Ingen fjärr för aktuell gren."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:961
+#: builtin/merge.c:915
 msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
 msgstr "Ingen standarduppström angiven för aktuell gren."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:966
+#: builtin/merge.c:920
 #, c-format
 msgid "No remote-tracking branch for %s from %s"
 msgstr "Ingen fjärrspårande gren för %s från %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1122
+#: builtin/merge.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad value '%s' in environment '%s'"
+msgstr "Felaktigt värde \"%s\" i miljövariabeln \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1075
+#, c-format
+msgid "not something we can merge in %s: %s"
+msgstr "inte något vi kan slå ihop med %s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1109
+msgid "not something we can merge"
+msgstr "inte något vi kan slå ihop"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1211
+msgid "--abort expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--abort tar inga argument"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1215
 msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
-msgstr "Det finns ingen sammanslagning att avbryta (MERGE_HEAD saknas)."
+msgstr "Ingen sammanslagning att avbryta (MERGE_HEAD saknas)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1227
+msgid "--continue expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--continue tar inga argument"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1138
+#: builtin/merge.c:1231
+msgid "There is no merge in progress (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "Ingen sammanslagning pågår (MERGE_HEAD saknas)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1247
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you merge."
@@ -7072,11 +11033,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Du har inte avslutat sammanslagningen (MERGE_HEAD finns).\n"
 "Checka in dina ändringar innan du slår ihop."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1141 git-pull.sh:34
-msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
-msgstr "Du har inte avslutat sammanslagningen (MERGE_HEAD finns)."
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1145
+#: builtin/merge.c:1254
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you merge."
@@ -7084,153 +11041,166 @@ msgstr ""
 "Du har inte avslutat din \"cherry-pick\" (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD finns).\n"
 "Checka in dina ändringar innan du slår ihop."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1148
+#: builtin/merge.c:1257
 msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr "Du har inte avslutat din \"cherry-pick\" (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD finns)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1157
+#: builtin/merge.c:1266
 msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
 msgstr "Du kan inte kombinera --squash med --no-ff."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1166
+#: builtin/merge.c:1274
 msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
 msgstr "Ingen incheckning angiven och merge.defaultToUpstream är ej satt."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1198
-msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
-msgstr "Kan endast slå ihop en enda incheckning i ett tomt huvud."
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1201
+#: builtin/merge.c:1291
 msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
 msgstr "Stöder inte en tillplattningsincheckning på ett tomt huvud ännu"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1203
+#: builtin/merge.c:1293
 msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
 msgstr "Icke-snabbspolad incheckning kan inte användas med ett tomt huvud"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1208
+#: builtin/merge.c:1298
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
 msgstr "%s - inte något vi kan slå ihop"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1259
+#: builtin/merge.c:1300
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr "Kan endast slå ihop en enda incheckning i ett tomt huvud"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1334
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, allegedly by %s."
 msgstr ""
 "Incheckningen %s har en obetrodd GPG-signatur som påstås vara gjord av %s."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1262
+#: builtin/merge.c:1337
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has a bad GPG signature allegedly by %s."
 msgstr ""
 "Incheckningen %s har en felaktig GPG-signatur som påstås vara gjord av %s."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1265
+#: builtin/merge.c:1340
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."
 msgstr "Incheckning %s har inte någon GPG-signatur."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1268
+#: builtin/merge.c:1343
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"
 msgstr "Incheckningen %s har en korrekt GPG-signatur av %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1349
+#: builtin/merge.c:1402
+msgid "refusing to merge unrelated histories"
+msgstr "vägrar slå samman orelaterad historik"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1411
+msgid "Already up to date."
+msgstr "Redan à jour."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1421
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
 msgstr "Uppdaterar %s..%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1388
+#: builtin/merge.c:1462
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
 msgstr "Försöker riktigt enkel sammanslagning i indexet...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1395
+#: builtin/merge.c:1469
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nope.\n"
 msgstr "Nej.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1427
+#: builtin/merge.c:1494
+msgid "Already up to date. Yeeah!"
+msgstr "Redan à jour. Toppen!"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1500
 msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
 msgstr "Kan inte snabbspola, avbryter."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1450 builtin/merge.c:1529
+#: builtin/merge.c:1523 builtin/merge.c:1602
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
 msgstr "Återspolar trädet till orört...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1454
+#: builtin/merge.c:1527
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
 msgstr "Försöker sammanslagningsstrategin %s...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1520
+#: builtin/merge.c:1593
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
 msgstr "Ingen sammanslagningsstrategi hanterade sammanslagningen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1522
+#: builtin/merge.c:1595
 #, c-format
 msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
 msgstr "Sammanslagning med strategin %s misslyckades.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1531
+#: builtin/merge.c:1604
 #, c-format
 msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
 msgstr "Använder %s för att förbereda lösning för hand.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1543
+#: builtin/merge.c:1616
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Automatisk sammanslagning lyckades; stoppar före incheckning som önskat\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:29
-msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>..."
-msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] <incheckning> <incheckning>..."
-
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:30
-msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>..."
-msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <incheckning>..."
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] <commit> <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] <incheckning> <incheckning>..."
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:31
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <incheckning>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
 msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
 msgstr "git merge-base --independent <incheckning>..."
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
 msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
 msgstr "git merge-base --is-ancestor <incheckning> <incheckning>"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:34
 msgid "git merge-base --fork-point <ref> [<commit>]"
-msgstr "git merge-base --fork-point <ref> <incheckning>"
+msgstr "git merge-base --fork-point <ref> [<incheckning>]"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:214
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
 msgid "output all common ancestors"
 msgstr "skriv ut alla gemensamma anfäder"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:216
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
 msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
 msgstr "hitta anfader för enkel n-vägssammanslagning"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:218
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:224
 msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
 msgstr "visa revisioner som inte kan nås från andra"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:226
 msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
 msgstr "är den första anfader till den andra?"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:228
 msgid "find where <commit> forked from reflog of <ref>"
 msgstr "se var <incheckning> grenades av från referensloggen från <ref>"
 
-#: builtin/merge-file.c:8
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:9
 msgid ""
-"git merge-file [options] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file "
-"file2"
+"git merge-file [<options>] [-L <name1> [-L <orig> [-L <name2>]]] <file1> "
+"<orig-file> <file2>"
 msgstr ""
-"git merge-file [alternativ] [-L namn1 [-L orig [-L namn2]]] fil1 origfil fil2"
+"git merge-file [<alternativ>] [-L <namn1> [-L <orig> [-L <namn2>]]] <fil1> "
+"<origfil> <fil2>"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:33
 msgid "send results to standard output"
@@ -7261,381 +11231,417 @@ msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
 msgstr "varna inte om konflikter"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:45
-msgid "set labels for file1/orig_file/file2"
+msgid "set labels for file1/orig-file/file2"
 msgstr "sätt etiketter för fil1/origfil/fil2"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:64
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:45
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option %s"
+msgstr "okänd flagga %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:51
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka objektet \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:55
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d base. Ignoring %s."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d bases. Ignoring %s."
+msgstr[0] "kan inte hantera mer än %d bas. Ignorerar %s."
+msgstr[1] "kan inte hantera mer än %d baser. Ignorerar %s."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:63
+msgid "not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "hanterar inte något annat än en sammanslagning av två huvuden."
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:69 builtin/merge-recursive.c:71
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve ref '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte bestämma referensen �%s�"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merging %s with %s\n"
+msgstr "Slår ihop %s med %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:65
 msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
 msgstr "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:150
+#: builtin/mktree.c:153
 msgid "input is NUL terminated"
 msgstr "indata är NUL-terminerad"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:151 builtin/write-tree.c:24
+#: builtin/mktree.c:154 builtin/write-tree.c:25
 msgid "allow missing objects"
 msgstr "tillåt saknade objekt"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:152
+#: builtin/mktree.c:155
 msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
 msgstr "tillåt skapa mer än ett träd"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:15
-msgid "git mv [options] <source>... <destination>"
-msgstr "git mv [flaggor] <källa>... <mål>"
+#: builtin/mv.c:17
+msgid "git mv [<options>] <source>... <destination>"
+msgstr "git mv [<flaggor>] <källa>... <mål>"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:69
+#: builtin/mv.c:82
 #, c-format
 msgid "Directory %s is in index and no submodule?"
 msgstr "Katalogen %s är i indexet och inte en undermodul?"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:71
+#: builtin/mv.c:84 builtin/rm.c:288
 msgid "Please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
 msgstr ""
 "Köa dina ändringar i .gitmodules eller använd \"stash\" för att fortsätta"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:89
+#: builtin/mv.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "%.*s is in index"
 msgstr "%.*s är i indexet"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:111
+#: builtin/mv.c:124
 msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
 msgstr "tvinga flytta/ändra namn även om målet finns"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:112
+#: builtin/mv.c:126
 msgid "skip move/rename errors"
 msgstr "hoppa över fel vid flytt/namnändring"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:151
+#: builtin/mv.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination '%s' is not a directory"
 msgstr "destinationen \"%s\" är ingen katalog"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:162
+#: builtin/mv.c:179
 #, c-format
 msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Kontrollerar namnbyte av \"%s\" till \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:166
+#: builtin/mv.c:183
 msgid "bad source"
 msgstr "felaktig källa"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:169
+#: builtin/mv.c:186
 msgid "can not move directory into itself"
 msgstr "kan inte flytta katalog till sig själv"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:172
+#: builtin/mv.c:189
 msgid "cannot move directory over file"
 msgstr "kan inte flytta katalog över fil"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#: builtin/mv.c:198
 msgid "source directory is empty"
 msgstr "källkatalogen är tom"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:206
+#: builtin/mv.c:223
 msgid "not under version control"
 msgstr "inte versionshanterad"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:209
+#: builtin/mv.c:226
 msgid "destination exists"
 msgstr "destinationen finns"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:217
+#: builtin/mv.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "overwriting '%s'"
 msgstr "skriver över \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:220
+#: builtin/mv.c:237
 msgid "Cannot overwrite"
 msgstr "Kan inte skriva över"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:223
+#: builtin/mv.c:240
 msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
 msgstr "flera källor för samma mål"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:225
+#: builtin/mv.c:242
 msgid "destination directory does not exist"
 msgstr "destinationskatalogen finns inte"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:232
+#: builtin/mv.c:249
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
 msgstr "%s, källa=%s, mål=%s"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:253
+#: builtin/mv.c:270
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
 msgstr "Byter namn på %s till %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:256 builtin/remote.c:728 builtin/repack.c:355
+#: builtin/mv.c:276 builtin/remote.c:715 builtin/repack.c:409
 #, c-format
 msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
 msgstr "misslyckades byta namn på \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:255
-msgid "git name-rev [options] <commit>..."
-msgstr "git name-rev [flaggor] <incheckning>..."
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:338
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git name-rev [<flaggor>] <incheckning>..."
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:256
-msgid "git name-rev [options] --all"
-msgstr "git name-rev [flaggor] --all"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:339
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --all"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<flaggor>] --all"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:257
-msgid "git name-rev [options] --stdin"
-msgstr "git name-rev [flaggor] --stdin"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:340
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --stdin"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<flaggor>] --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:309
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:395
 msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
 msgstr "skriv endast namn (ingen SHA-1)"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:310
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:396
 msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
 msgstr "använd endast taggar för att namnge incheckningar"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:312
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:398
 msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
 msgstr "använd endast referenser som motsvarar <mönster>"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:314
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:400
+msgid "ignore refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "ignorera referenser som motsvarar <mönster>"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:402
 msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
 msgstr "lista alla incheckningar som kan nås alla referenser"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:315
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:403
 msgid "read from stdin"
 msgstr "läs från standard in"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:316
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:404
 msgid "allow to print `undefined` names (default)"
 msgstr "tillåt att skriva \"odefinierade\" namn (standard)"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:322
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:410
 msgid "dereference tags in the input (internal use)"
 msgstr "avreferera taggar i indata (används internt)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:24
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:26
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] [list [<object>]]"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] [list [<objekt>]]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:25
+#: builtin/notes.c:27
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
 "| (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <medd> | -F "
 "<fil> | (-c | -C) <objekt>] [<objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:26
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:28
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
 msgstr ""
 "git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] copy [-f] <från-objekt> <till-objekt>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:27
+#: builtin/notes.c:29
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
 "(-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <medd> | -F "
 "<fil> | (-c | -C) <objekt>] [<objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:28
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:30
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:29
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:31
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] show [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] show [<objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:30
+#: builtin/notes.c:32
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>"
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy>] <notes-ref>"
 msgstr ""
-"git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategi> ] "
+"git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategi>] "
 "<anteckningsref>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:31
+#: builtin/notes.c:33
 msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:32
+#: builtin/notes.c:34
 msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:33
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<object>...]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:35
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] remove [<object>...]"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] remove [<objekt>...]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:34
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] prune [-n | -v]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:36
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] prune [-n] [-v]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] prune [-n] [-v]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:35
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref"
+#: builtin/notes.c:37
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] get-ref"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:40
+#: builtin/notes.c:42
 msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
 msgstr "git notes [list [<objekt>]]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:45
+#: builtin/notes.c:47
 msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes add [<flaggor>] [<objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:50
+#: builtin/notes.c:52
 msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
 msgstr "git notes copy [<flaggor>] <från-objekt> <till-objekt>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:51
+#: builtin/notes.c:53
 msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
 msgstr "git notes copy --stdin [<från-objekt> <till-objekt>]..."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:56
+#: builtin/notes.c:58
 msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes append [<flaggor>] [<objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:61
+#: builtin/notes.c:63
 msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes edit [<objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:66
+#: builtin/notes.c:68
 msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes show [<objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:71
-msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes_ref>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:73
+msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes-ref>"
 msgstr "git notes merge [<flaggor>] <anteckningsref>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:72
+#: builtin/notes.c:74
 msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --commit [<flaggor>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:73
+#: builtin/notes.c:75
 msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --abort [<flaggor>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:78
+#: builtin/notes.c:80
 msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes remove [<objekt>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:83
+#: builtin/notes.c:85
 msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes prune [<flaggor>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:88
+#: builtin/notes.c:90
 msgid "git notes get-ref"
 msgstr "git notes get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:146
+#: builtin/notes.c:95
+msgid "Write/edit the notes for the following object:"
+msgstr "Skriv/redigera anteckningar för följande objekt:"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:148
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte starta \"show\" för objektet \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:150
+#: builtin/notes.c:152
 msgid "could not read 'show' output"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa utdata från \"show\""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:158
+#: builtin/notes.c:160
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte avsluta \"show\" för objektet \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:173 builtin/tag.c:477
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not create file '%s'"
-msgstr "kunde inte skapa filen \"%s\""
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:192
-msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
-msgstr "Ange innehåll för anteckningen med antingen -m eller -F"
+#: builtin/notes.c:195
+msgid "please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+msgstr "ange innehåll för anteckningen med antingen -m eller -F"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:201
+#: builtin/notes.c:204
 msgid "unable to write note object"
 msgstr "kunde inte skriva anteckningsobjekt"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:203
+#: builtin/notes.c:206
 #, c-format
-msgid "The note contents have been left in %s"
-msgstr "Anteckningens innehåll har lämnats kvar i %s"
+msgid "the note contents have been left in %s"
+msgstr "anteckningens innehåll har lämnats kvar i %s"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:231 builtin/tag.c:693
+#: builtin/notes.c:234 builtin/tag.c:507
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:233 builtin/tag.c:696
+#: builtin/notes.c:236 builtin/tag.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte öppna eller läsa \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:252 builtin/notes.c:303 builtin/notes.c:305
-#: builtin/notes.c:365 builtin/notes.c:420 builtin/notes.c:506
-#: builtin/notes.c:511 builtin/notes.c:589 builtin/notes.c:652
-#: builtin/notes.c:854 builtin/tag.c:709
+#: builtin/notes.c:255 builtin/notes.c:306 builtin/notes.c:308
+#: builtin/notes.c:376 builtin/notes.c:431 builtin/notes.c:517
+#: builtin/notes.c:522 builtin/notes.c:600 builtin/notes.c:662
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
-msgstr "Kunde inte slå upp \"%s\" som en giltig referens."
+msgid "failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "kunde inte slå upp \"%s\" som en giltig referens."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:255
+#: builtin/notes.c:258
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
-msgstr "Kunde inte läsa objektet \"%s\"."
+msgid "failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa objektet \"%s\"."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:259
+#: builtin/notes.c:262
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
+msgid "cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
 msgstr "kan inte läsa anteckningsdata från icke-blob-objektet \"%s\"."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:299
+#: builtin/notes.c:302
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
-msgstr "Felaktig indatarad: \"%s\"."
+msgid "malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "felaktig indatarad: \"%s\"."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:314
+#: builtin/notes.c:317
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr "Misslyckades kopiera anteckningar från \"%s\" till \"%s\""
+msgid "failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades kopiera anteckningar från \"%s\" till \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:358 builtin/notes.c:413 builtin/notes.c:489
-#: builtin/notes.c:501 builtin/notes.c:577 builtin/notes.c:645
-#: builtin/notes.c:919
+#. TRANSLATORS: the first %s will be replaced by a git
+#. notes command: 'add', 'merge', 'remove', etc.
+#.
+#: builtin/notes.c:349
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to %s notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "vägrar utföra \"%s\" på anteckningar i %s (utanför refs/notes/)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:369 builtin/notes.c:424 builtin/notes.c:500
+#: builtin/notes.c:512 builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:655
+#: builtin/notes.c:805 builtin/notes.c:952 builtin/notes.c:973
 msgid "too many parameters"
 msgstr "för många parametrar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:371 builtin/notes.c:658
+#: builtin/notes.c:382 builtin/notes.c:668
 #, c-format
-msgid "No note found for object %s."
-msgstr "Inga anteckningar hittades för objektet %s."
+msgid "no note found for object %s."
+msgstr "inga anteckningar hittades för objektet %s."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:392 builtin/notes.c:555
+#: builtin/notes.c:403 builtin/notes.c:566
 msgid "note contents as a string"
 msgstr "anteckningsinnehåll som sträng"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:395 builtin/notes.c:558
+#: builtin/notes.c:406 builtin/notes.c:569
 msgid "note contents in a file"
 msgstr "anteckningsinnehåll i en fil"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:397 builtin/notes.c:400 builtin/notes.c:560
-#: builtin/notes.c:563 builtin/tag.c:628
-msgid "object"
-msgstr "objekt"
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:398 builtin/notes.c:561
+#: builtin/notes.c:409 builtin/notes.c:572
 msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
 msgstr "återanvänd och redigera angivet anteckningsobjekt"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:401 builtin/notes.c:564
+#: builtin/notes.c:412 builtin/notes.c:575
 msgid "reuse specified note object"
 msgstr "återanvänd angivet anteckningsobjekt"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:404 builtin/notes.c:567
+#: builtin/notes.c:415 builtin/notes.c:578
 msgid "allow storing empty note"
 msgstr "tillåt lagra tom anteckning"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:476
+#: builtin/notes.c:416 builtin/notes.c:487
 msgid "replace existing notes"
 msgstr "ersätt befintliga anteckningar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:430
+#: builtin/notes.c:441
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
@@ -7644,29 +11650,29 @@ msgstr ""
 "Kan inte lägga till anteckningar. Hittade befintliga anteckningar för "
 "objektet %s. Använd \"-f\" för att skriva över befintliga anteckningar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:445 builtin/notes.c:524
+#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:535
 #, c-format
 msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
 msgstr "Skriver över befintliga anteckningar för objektet %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:617 builtin/notes.c:859
+#: builtin/notes.c:467 builtin/notes.c:627 builtin/notes.c:892
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
 msgstr "Tar bort anteckning för objektet %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:477
+#: builtin/notes.c:488
 msgid "read objects from stdin"
 msgstr "läs objekt från standard in"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:479
+#: builtin/notes.c:490
 msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
 msgstr "läs omskrivningsinställning för <kommando> (implicerar --stdin)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:497
+#: builtin/notes.c:508
 msgid "too few parameters"
 msgstr "för få parametrar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:518
+#: builtin/notes.c:529
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
@@ -7675,12 +11681,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "Kan inte kopiera anteckningar. Hittade befintliga anteckningar för objektet "
 "%s. Använd \"-f\" för att skriva över befintliga anteckningar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:530
+#: builtin/notes.c:541
 #, c-format
-msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
-msgstr "Anteckningar på källobjektet %s saknas. Kan inte kopiera."
+msgid "missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr "anteckningar på källobjektet %s saknas. Kan inte kopiera."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:582
+#: builtin/notes.c:593
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
@@ -7689,15 +11695,52 @@ msgstr ""
 "Flaggorna -m/-F/-c/-C rekommenderas inte för underkommandot \"edit\".\n"
 "Använd \"git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C\" istället.\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:750
+#: builtin/notes.c:688
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "misslyckades ta bort referensen NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:690
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "misslyckades ta bort referensen NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:692
+msgid "failed to remove 'git notes merge' worktree"
+msgstr "misslyckades ta bort arbetskatalogen för \"git notes merge\""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:712
+msgid "failed to read ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "misslyckades läsa references NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:714
+msgid "could not find commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "kunde inte hitta incheckning från NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:716
+msgid "could not parse commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka incheckning från NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:729
+msgid "failed to resolve NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "misslyckades bestämma NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:732
+msgid "failed to finalize notes merge"
+msgstr "misslyckades färdigställa sammanslagning av anteckningar"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown notes merge strategy %s"
+msgstr "okänd sammanslagningsstrategi för anteckningar: %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:774
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Allmänna flaggor"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:752
+#: builtin/notes.c:776
 msgid "Merge options"
 msgstr "Flaggor för sammanslagning"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:754
+#: builtin/notes.c:778
 msgid ""
 "resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
 "cat_sort_uniq)"
@@ -7705,284 +11748,549 @@ msgstr ""
 "läs konflikter i anteckningar med angiven strategi (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
 "cat_sort_uniq)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:756
+#: builtin/notes.c:780
 msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr "Checkar in ej sammanslagna anteckningar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#: builtin/notes.c:782
 msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr ""
 "färdigställ sammanslagning av anteckningar genom att checka in ej "
 "sammanslagna anteckningar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:760
+#: builtin/notes.c:784
 msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
 msgstr "Avbryt lösning av sammanslagning av anteckningar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:762
+#: builtin/notes.c:786
 msgid "abort notes merge"
 msgstr "avbryt sammanslagning av anteckningar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:857
+#: builtin/notes.c:797
+msgid "cannot mix --commit, --abort or -s/--strategy"
+msgstr "kan inte blanda --commit, --abort eller -s/--strategy"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:802
+msgid "must specify a notes ref to merge"
+msgstr "måste ange en antecknings-referens att slå ihop"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:826
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown -s/--strategy: %s"
+msgstr "okänd -s/--strategy: %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:863
+#, c-format
+msgid "a notes merge into %s is already in-progress at %s"
+msgstr "sammanslagning av anteckningar till %s är redan igångsatt på %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to store link to current notes ref (%s)"
+msgstr "misslyckades lagra länk till aktuell anteckningsreferens (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:868
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Automatic notes merge failed. Fix conflicts in %s and commit the result with "
+"'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with 'git notes merge --"
+"abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Automatisk sammanslagning av anteckningar misslyckades. Rätta konflikter i "
+"%s och checka in resultatet med \"git notes merge --commit\", eller avbryt "
+"sammanslagningen med \"git notes merge --abort\".\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:890
 #, c-format
 msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
 msgstr "Objektet %s har ingen anteckning\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:869
+#: builtin/notes.c:902
 msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
 msgstr "försök att ta bort icke-existerande anteckningar är inte ett fel"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:872
+#: builtin/notes.c:905
 msgid "read object names from the standard input"
 msgstr "läs objektnamn från standard in"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:953
+#: builtin/notes.c:943 builtin/prune.c:107 builtin/worktree.c:151
+msgid "do not remove, show only"
+msgstr "ta inte bort, bara visa"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:944
+msgid "report pruned notes"
+msgstr "rapportera borttagna anteckningar"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:986
 msgid "notes-ref"
 msgstr "anteckningar-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:954
-msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:987
+msgid "use notes from <notes-ref>"
 msgstr "använd anteckningar från <anteckningsref>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:989 builtin/remote.c:1621
+#: builtin/notes.c:1022
 #, c-format
-msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
-msgstr "Okänt underkommando: %s"
+msgid "unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "okänt underkommando: %s"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:28
-msgid "git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< ref-list | < object-list]"
-msgstr "git pack-objects --stdout [flaggor...] [< reflista | < objektlista]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:48
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<options>...] [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<flaggor>...] [< <reflista> | < <objektlista>]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:29
-msgid "git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< ref-list | < object-list]"
-msgstr "git pack-objects [flaggor...] basnamn [< reflista | < objektlista]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:49
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects [<options>...] <base-name> [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git pack-objects [<flaggor>...] <basnamn> [< <reflista> | < <objektlista>]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:177 builtin/pack-objects.c:180
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:211 builtin/pack-objects.c:214
 #, c-format
 msgid "deflate error (%d)"
 msgstr "fel i deflate (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:773
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:810
+msgid "disabling bitmap writing, packs are split due to pack.packSizeLimit"
+msgstr ""
+"inaktiverar skrivning av bitkarta, paket delas på grund av pack.packSizeLimit"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:823
 msgid "Writing objects"
 msgstr "Skriver objekt"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1015
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1106
 msgid "disabling bitmap writing, as some objects are not being packed"
 msgstr "inaktiverar skrivning av bitkarta då några objekt inte packas"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2175
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1765
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "Räknar objekt"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1895
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to get size of %s"
+msgstr "kan inte hämta storlek på %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1910
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse object header of %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka objekthuvud för %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2564
 msgid "Compressing objects"
 msgstr "Komprimerar objekt"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2572
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2735
+msgid "invalid value for --missing"
+msgstr "ogiltigt värde för --missing"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3067
 #, c-format
 msgid "unsupported index version %s"
 msgstr "indexversionen %s stöds ej"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2576
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3071
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad index version '%s'"
 msgstr "felaktig indexversion \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2599
-#, c-format
-msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
-msgstr "flaggan %s godtar inte negativ form"
-
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2603
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
-msgstr "kunde inte tolka värdet \"%s\" för flaggan %s"
-
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2623
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3102
 msgid "do not show progress meter"
 msgstr "visa inte förloppsindikator"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2625
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3104
 msgid "show progress meter"
 msgstr "visa förloppsindikator"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2627
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3106
 msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
 msgstr "visa förloppsindikator under objektskrivningsfasen"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2630
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3109
 msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
-msgstr "som --all-progress när förloppsmätaren visas"
+msgstr "som --all-progress när förloppsindikatorn visas"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2631
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3110
 msgid "version[,offset]"
 msgstr "version[,offset]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2632
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3111
 msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
 msgstr "skriv paketindexfilen i angiven indexformatversion"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2635
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3114
 msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
 msgstr "maximal storlek på varje utdatapaketfil"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2637
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3116
 msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
 msgstr "ignorera lånade objekt från alternativa objektlager"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2639
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3118
 msgid "ignore packed objects"
 msgstr "ignorera packade objekt"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2641
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3120
 msgid "limit pack window by objects"
 msgstr "begränsa paketfönster efter objekt"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2643
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3122
 msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
 msgstr "begränsa paketfönster efter minne förutom objektgräns"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2645
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3124
 msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
 msgstr "maximal längd på deltakedja tillåten i slutligt paket"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2647
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3126
 msgid "reuse existing deltas"
 msgstr "återanvänd befintliga delta"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2649
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3128
 msgid "reuse existing objects"
 msgstr "återanvänd befintliga objekt"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2651
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3130
 msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
 msgstr "använd OFS_DELTA-objekt"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2653
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3132
 msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
 msgstr "använd trådar vid sökning efter bästa deltaträffar"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2655
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3134
 msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
 msgstr "försök inte skapa tom paketutdata"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2657
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3136
 msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
 msgstr "läs revisionsargument från standard in"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2659
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3138
 msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
 msgstr "begränsa objekt till de som ännu inte packats"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2662
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3141
 msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
 msgstr "inkludera objekt som kan nås från någon referens"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2665
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3144
 msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
 msgstr "inkludera objekt som refereras från referensloggposter"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2668
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3147
 msgid "include objects referred to by the index"
 msgstr "inkludera objekt som refereras från indexet"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2671
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3150
 msgid "output pack to stdout"
 msgstr "skriv paket på standard ut"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2673
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3152
 msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
 msgstr "inkludera taggobjekt som refererar objekt som skall packas"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2675
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3154
 msgid "keep unreachable objects"
 msgstr "behåll onåbara objekt"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2676 parse-options.h:140
-msgid "time"
-msgstr "tid"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3156
+msgid "pack loose unreachable objects"
+msgstr "packa lösa onåbara objekt"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2677
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3158
 msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
 msgstr "packa upp onåbara objekt nyare än <tid>"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2680
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3161
 msgid "create thin packs"
 msgstr "skapa tunna paket"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2682
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3163
 msgid "create packs suitable for shallow fetches"
 msgstr "skapa packfiler lämpade för grunda hämtningar"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2684
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3165
 msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
 msgstr "ignorera paket som har tillhörande .keep-fil"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2686
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3167
+msgid "ignore this pack"
+msgstr "ignorera detta paket"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3169
 msgid "pack compression level"
 msgstr "komprimeringsgrad för paket"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2688
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3171
 msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
 msgstr "göm inte incheckningar med ympningar (\"grafts\")"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2690
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3173
 msgid "use a bitmap index if available to speed up counting objects"
 msgstr "använd bitkartindex om tillgängligt för att räkna objekt snabbare"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2692
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3175
 msgid "write a bitmap index together with the pack index"
 msgstr "använd bitkartindex tillsammans med packindexet"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2783
-msgid "Counting objects"
-msgstr "Räknar objekt"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3178
+msgid "handling for missing objects"
+msgstr "hantering av saknade objekt"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3181
+msgid "do not pack objects in promisor packfiles"
+msgstr "packa inte objekt i kontraktspackfiler"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3205
+#, c-format
+msgid "delta chain depth %d is too deep, forcing %d"
+msgstr "deltakedjedjupet %d är för djupt, påtvingar %d"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3210
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack.deltaCacheLimit is too high, forcing %d"
+msgstr "pack.deltaCacheLimit är för högt, påtvingar %d"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3338
+msgid "Enumerating objects"
+msgstr "Räknar upp objekt"
 
-#: builtin/pack-refs.c:6
-msgid "git pack-refs [options]"
-msgstr "git pack-refs [flaggor]"
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:7
+msgid "git pack-refs [<options>]"
+msgstr "git pack-refs [<flaggor>]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-refs.c:14
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
 msgid "pack everything"
 msgstr "packa allt"
 
-#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:16
 msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
 msgstr "ta bort lösa referenser (standard)"
 
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:7
-msgid "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
-msgstr "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:8
+msgid "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
+msgstr "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
 
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:40
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:41
 msgid "Removing duplicate objects"
 msgstr "Tar bort duplicerade objekt"
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:12
-msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
-msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <tid>] [--] [<huvud>...]"
+#: builtin/prune.c:11
+msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
+msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <tid>] [--] [<huvud>...]"
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:106
-msgid "do not remove, show only"
-msgstr "ta inte bort, bara visa"
-
-#: builtin/prune.c:107
+#: builtin/prune.c:108
 msgid "report pruned objects"
 msgstr "rapportera borttagna objekt"
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:110
+#: builtin/prune.c:111
 msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
 msgstr "låt tid gå ut för objekt äldre än <tid>"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:14
+#: builtin/prune.c:113
+msgid "limit traversal to objects outside promisor packfiles"
+msgstr "begränsa vandring av objekt utanför kontraktspackfiler."
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:127
+msgid "cannot prune in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "kan inte rensa i ett \"precious-objekt\"-arkiv"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:59 builtin/pull.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "Felaktigt värde för %s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:81
+msgid "git pull [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git pull [<flaggor>] [<arkiv> [<refspec>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:132
+msgid "control for recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr "styrning för rekursiv hämtning av undermoduler"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:136
+msgid "Options related to merging"
+msgstr "Alternativ gällande sammanslagning"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:139
+msgid "incorporate changes by rebasing rather than merging"
+msgstr "inlemma ändringar genom ombasering i stället för sammanslagning"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:166 builtin/rebase--helper.c:23 builtin/revert.c:121
+msgid "allow fast-forward"
+msgstr "tillåt snabbspolning"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:175
+msgid "automatically stash/stash pop before and after rebase"
+msgstr "utför automatiskt stash/stash pop före och efter ombasering"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:191
+msgid "Options related to fetching"
+msgstr "Alternativ gällande hämtningar"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:209
+msgid "number of submodules pulled in parallel"
+msgstr "antal undermoduler som hämtas parallellt"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for pull.ff: %s"
+msgstr "Felaktigt värde för pull.ff: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:420
+msgid ""
+"There is no candidate for rebasing against among the refs that you just "
+"fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Det finns ingen kandidat för ombasering bland referenserna du precis har "
+"hämtat."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:422
+msgid ""
+"There are no candidates for merging among the refs that you just fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Det finns ingen kandidat för sammanslagning bland referenserna du precis har "
+"hämtat."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:423
+msgid ""
+"Generally this means that you provided a wildcard refspec which had no\n"
+"matches on the remote end."
+msgstr ""
+"Det betyder vanligtvis att du använt en jokertecken-refspec som inte\n"
+"motsvarade något i fjärränden."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:426
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You asked to pull from the remote '%s', but did not specify\n"
+"a branch. Because this is not the default configured remote\n"
+"for your current branch, you must specify a branch on the command line."
+msgstr ""
+"Du bad om att hämta från fjärren \"%s\", men angav inte någon\n"
+"gren. Eftersom det inte är den fjärr som är konfigurerad som\n"
+"standard för aktuell gren måste du ange en gren på kommandoraden."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:431 git-parse-remote.sh:73
+msgid "You are not currently on a branch."
+msgstr "Du är inte på någon gren för närvarande."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:433 builtin/pull.c:448 git-parse-remote.sh:79
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to rebase against."
+msgstr "Ange vilken gren du vill ombasera mot."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:435 builtin/pull.c:450 git-parse-remote.sh:82
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to merge with."
+msgstr "Ange vilken gren du vill slå samman med."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:436 builtin/pull.c:451
+msgid "See git-pull(1) for details."
+msgstr "Se git-pull(1) för detaljer."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:438 builtin/pull.c:444 builtin/pull.c:453
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:64
+msgid "<remote>"
+msgstr "<fjärr>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:438 builtin/pull.c:453 builtin/pull.c:458 git-rebase.sh:523
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:65
+msgid "<branch>"
+msgstr "<gren>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:446 git-parse-remote.sh:75
+msgid "There is no tracking information for the current branch."
+msgstr "Det finns ingen spårningsinformation för aktuell gren."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:455 git-parse-remote.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:"
+msgstr "Om du vill ange spårningsinformation för grenen kan du göra det med:"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:460
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your configuration specifies to merge with the ref '%s'\n"
+"from the remote, but no such ref was fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Dina inställningar anger sammanslagning med referensen \"%s\"\n"
+"från fjärren, men någon sådan referens togs inte emot."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:826
+msgid "ignoring --verify-signatures for rebase"
+msgstr "ignorera --verify-signatures för ombasering"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:874
+msgid "--[no-]autostash option is only valid with --rebase."
+msgstr "--[no-]autostash är endast giltig med --rebase."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:882
+msgid "Updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index."
+msgstr "Uppdaterar en ofödd gren med ändringar som lagts till i indexet."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:885
+msgid "pull with rebase"
+msgstr "pull med ombasering"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:886
+msgid "please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "checka in eller använd \"stash\" på dem."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:911
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"commit %s."
+msgstr ""
+"fetch uppdaterade huvudet för aktuell gren.\n"
+"snabbspolar din arbetskatalog från\n"
+"incheckningen %s."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:916
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot fast-forward your working tree.\n"
+"After making sure that you saved anything precious from\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"output, run\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"to recover."
+msgstr ""
+"Kan inte snabbspola din arbetskatalog.\n"
+"När du är säker på att du har sparat allt värdefullt i utdata från\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"kör du\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"för att återgå."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:931
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head."
+msgstr "Kan inte slå ihop flera grenar i ett tomt huvud."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:935
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches."
+msgstr "Kan inte ombasera ovanpå flera grenar."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:942
+msgid "cannot rebase with locally recorded submodule modifications"
+msgstr "kan inte ombasera med lokalt lagrade ändringar i undermoful"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:19
 msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
 msgstr "git push [<flaggor>] [<arkiv> [<refspec>...]]"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:85
+#: builtin/push.c:111
 msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
 msgstr "taggförkortning utan <tagg>"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:95
+#: builtin/push.c:121
 msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
 msgstr "--delete godtar endast enkla målreferensnamn"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:139
+#: builtin/push.c:165
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
@@ -7991,7 +12299,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "För att välja ett av alternativen permanent, se push.default i \"git help "
 "config\"."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:142
+#: builtin/push.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
@@ -8016,7 +12324,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "    git push %s %s\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:157
+#: builtin/push.c:183
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are not currently on a branch.\n"
@@ -8031,7 +12339,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push %s HEAD:<namn-på-fjärrgren>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:171
+#: builtin/push.c:197
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
@@ -8044,12 +12352,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:179
+#: builtin/push.c:205
 #, c-format
 msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
 msgstr "Den aktuella grenen %s har flera uppströmsgrenar, vägrar sända."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:182
+#: builtin/push.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
@@ -8060,62 +12368,14 @@ msgstr ""
 "aktuella grenen \"%s\", utan att tala om för mig vad som\n"
 "skall sändas för att uppdatera fjärrgrenen."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:205
-msgid ""
-"push.default is unset; its implicit value has changed in\n"
-"Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
-"and maintain the traditional behavior, use:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-"\n"
-"To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-"\n"
-"When push.default is set to 'matching', git will push local branches\n"
-"to the remote branches that already exist with the same name.\n"
-"\n"
-"Since Git 2.0, Git defaults to the more conservative 'simple'\n"
-"behavior, which only pushes the current branch to the corresponding\n"
-"remote branch that 'git pull' uses to update the current branch.\n"
-"\n"
-"See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
-"information.\n"
-"(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
-"'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
-msgstr ""
-"push.default har inte ställts in; dess underförstådda värde\n"
-"ändras i Git 2.0 från \"matching\" till \"simple\". För att\n"
-"undertrycka det här meddelandet och behålla traditionellt beteende\n"
-"skriver du:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-"\n"
-"För att undertrycka meddelandet och välja det nya beteendet nu skriver du:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-"\n"
-"När push.default är satt till \"matching\" kommer git att sända lokala "
-"grenar\n"
-"till fjärrgrenar som redan finns och som har samma namn.\n"
-"\n"
-"Git 2.0 kommer som standard välja den mer konservativa inställningen\n"
-"\"simple\", vilket bara sänder in den aktuella grenen till den motsvarande\n"
-"fjärrgren \"git pull\" använder för att uppdatera den aktuella grenen.\n"
-"\n"
-"Se \"git help config\" och sök efter \"push.default\" för ytterligare \n"
-"information. (Läget \"simple\" introducerades i Git 1.7.11. Använd det\n"
-"liknande läget \"current\" istället för \"simple\" om du ibland använder\n"
-"äldre versioner av Git.)"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:272
+#: builtin/push.c:267
 msgid ""
 "You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
 msgstr ""
 "Du angav inga referensspecifikationer att sända, och push.default är "
 "\"nothing\"."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:279
+#: builtin/push.c:274
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
 "its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.\n"
@@ -8127,7 +12387,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\"git pull ....\") innan du sänder igen.\n"
 "Se avsnittet \"Note about fast-forward\" i \"git push --help\" för detaljer."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:285
+#: builtin/push.c:280
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
 "counterpart. Check out this branch and integrate the remote changes\n"
@@ -8139,7 +12399,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\"git pull ...\") innan du sänder igen.\n"
 "Se avsnittet \"Note about fast-forward\" i \"git push --help\" för detaljer."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:291
+#: builtin/push.c:286
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
 "not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
@@ -8153,11 +12413,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "(t.ex. \"git pull ...\") innan du sänder igen.\n"
 "Se avsnittet \"Note about fast-forwards\" i \"git push --help\" för detaljer."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:298
+#: builtin/push.c:293
 msgid "Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote."
 msgstr "Uppdateringarna avvisades eftersom taggen redan finns på fjärren."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:301
+#: builtin/push.c:296
 msgid ""
 "You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
 "or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
@@ -8168,22 +12428,22 @@ msgstr ""
 "pekar på något som inte är en incheckning, utan att använda flaggan\n"
 "\"--force\".\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:360
+#: builtin/push.c:357
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
 msgstr "Sänder till %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:364
+#: builtin/push.c:361
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
 msgstr "misslyckades sända vissa referenser till \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:394
+#: builtin/push.c:395
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad repository '%s'"
 msgstr "felaktigt arkiv \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:395
+#: builtin/push.c:396
 msgid ""
 "No configured push destination.\n"
 "Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
@@ -8204,270 +12464,397 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push <namn>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:410
-msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
-msgstr "--all och --tags är inkompatibla"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:411
-msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
-msgstr "--all kan inte kombineras med referensspecifikationer"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:416
-msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
-msgstr "--mirror och --tags är inkompatibla"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:417
-msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
-msgstr "--mirror kan inte kombineras med referensspecifikationer"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:422
-msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
-msgstr "--all och --mirror är inkompatibla"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:493
+#: builtin/push.c:551
 msgid "repository"
 msgstr "arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:494
+#: builtin/push.c:552 builtin/send-pack.c:164
 msgid "push all refs"
 msgstr "sänd alla referenser"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:495
+#: builtin/push.c:553 builtin/send-pack.c:166
 msgid "mirror all refs"
 msgstr "spegla alla referenser"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:497
+#: builtin/push.c:555
 msgid "delete refs"
 msgstr "ta bort referenser"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:498
+#: builtin/push.c:556
 msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
 msgstr "sänd taggar (kan inte användas med --all eller --mirror)"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:501
+#: builtin/push.c:559 builtin/send-pack.c:167
 msgid "force updates"
 msgstr "tvinga uppdateringar"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:503
+#: builtin/push.c:561 builtin/send-pack.c:181
 msgid "refname>:<expect"
 msgstr "refnamn>:<förvänta"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:504
+#: builtin/push.c:562 builtin/send-pack.c:182
 msgid "require old value of ref to be at this value"
 msgstr "kräv att ref:s tidigare värde är detta"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:507
+#: builtin/push.c:565
 msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
 msgstr "styr rekursiv insändning av undermoduler"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:509
+#: builtin/push.c:567 builtin/send-pack.c:175
 msgid "use thin pack"
 msgstr "använd tunna paket"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:510 builtin/push.c:511
+#: builtin/push.c:568 builtin/push.c:569 builtin/send-pack.c:161
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:162
 msgid "receive pack program"
 msgstr "program för att ta emot paket"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:512
+#: builtin/push.c:570
 msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
 msgstr "ställ in uppström för git pull/status"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:515
+#: builtin/push.c:573
 msgid "prune locally removed refs"
 msgstr "ta bort lokalt borttagna referenser"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:517
+#: builtin/push.c:575
 msgid "bypass pre-push hook"
 msgstr "förbigå pre-push-krok"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:518
+#: builtin/push.c:576
 msgid "push missing but relevant tags"
 msgstr "sänd in saknade men relevanta taggar"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:520
+#: builtin/push.c:579 builtin/send-pack.c:169
 msgid "GPG sign the push"
 msgstr "GPG-signera insändningen"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:529
+#: builtin/push.c:581 builtin/send-pack.c:176
+msgid "request atomic transaction on remote side"
+msgstr "begär atomiska transaktioner på fjärrsidan"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:599
 msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
 msgstr "--delete är inkompatibel med --all, --mirror och --tags"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:531
+#: builtin/push.c:601
 msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
 msgstr "--delete kan inte användas utan referenser"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:37
+#: builtin/push.c:604
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all och --tags är inkompatibla"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:606
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--all kan inte kombineras med referensspecifikationer"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:610
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--mirror och --tags är inkompatibla"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:612
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--mirror kan inte kombineras med referensspecifikationer"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:615
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all och --mirror är inkompatibla"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:634
+msgid "push options must not have new line characters"
+msgstr "push-flaggor kan inte innehålla radbrytning"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:40
 msgid ""
-"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] "
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>) "
 "[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
 "index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
 msgstr ""
-"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] "
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>) "
 "[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
 "index-output=<fil>] (--empty | <träd-igt1> [<träd-igt2> [<träd-igt3>]])"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:110
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:120
 msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
 msgstr "skriv resulterande index till <fil>"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:113
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
 msgid "only empty the index"
 msgstr "töm bara indexet"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:115
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:125
 msgid "Merging"
 msgstr "Sammanslagning"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:117
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:127
 msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
 msgstr "utför en sammanslagning i tillägg till en läsning"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:119
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:129
 msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
 msgstr "3-vägssammanslagning om sammanslagning på filnivå ej krävs"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:121
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:131
 msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
 msgstr "3-vägssammanslagning när det finns tillägg och borttagningar"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:133
 msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
 msgstr "som -m, men kasta bort ej sammanslagna poster"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:124
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
 msgid "<subdirectory>/"
 msgstr "<underkatalog>/"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:125
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
 msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
 msgstr "läs in trädet i indexet under <underkatalog>/"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:128
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:138
 msgid "update working tree with merge result"
 msgstr "uppdatera arbetskatalogen med resultatet från sammanslagningen"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:130
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:140
 msgid "gitignore"
 msgstr "gitignore"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:131
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:141
 msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
 msgstr "tillåt explicit ignorerade filer att skrivas över"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:144
 msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
 msgstr "kontrollera inte arbetskatalogen efter sammanslagning"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:145
 msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
 msgstr "uppdatera inte indexet eller arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:137
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:147
 msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
 msgstr "hoppa över att applicera filter för gles utcheckning"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:139
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:149
 msgid "debug unpack-trees"
 msgstr "felsök unpack-trees"
 
-#: builtin/reflog.c:499
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
-msgstr "\"%s\" för \"%s\" är inte en giltig tidsstämpel"
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:8
+msgid "git rebase--helper [<options>]"
+msgstr "git rebase--helper [<flaggor>]"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:24
+msgid "keep empty commits"
+msgstr "behåll tomma incheckningar"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:26 builtin/revert.c:123
+msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
+msgstr "tillåt incheckningar med tomt meddelande"
 
-#: builtin/reflog.c:615 builtin/reflog.c:620
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:27
+msgid "rebase merge commits"
+msgstr "ombasera sammanslagningar"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:29
+msgid "keep original branch points of cousins"
+msgstr "behåll ursprungliga förgreningspunkter för kusiner"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:30
+msgid "continue rebase"
+msgstr "fortsätt ombasering"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:32
+msgid "abort rebase"
+msgstr "avbryt ombasering"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:35
+msgid "make rebase script"
+msgstr "skapa ombaseringsskript"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:37
+msgid "shorten commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "förkorta inchecknings-id i todo-listan"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:39
+msgid "expand commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "utöka inchecknings-id i todo-listan"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:41
+msgid "check the todo list"
+msgstr "kontrollera todo-listan"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:43
+msgid "skip unnecessary picks"
+msgstr "hoppa över onödiga \"pick\"-kommandon"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:45
+msgid "rearrange fixup/squash lines"
+msgstr "ordna om fixup-/squash-rader"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:47
+msgid "insert exec commands in todo list"
+msgstr "lägg in exec-kommandon i todo-listan"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:68
+msgid "--[no-]rebase-cousins has no effect without --rebase-merges"
+msgstr "--[no-]rebase-cousins har ingen effekt utan --rebase-merges"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:31
+msgid "git receive-pack <git-dir>"
+msgstr "git receive-pack <git-katalog>"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:842
+msgid ""
+"By default, updating the current branch in a non-bare repository\n"
+"is denied, because it will make the index and work tree inconsistent\n"
+"with what you pushed, and will require 'git reset --hard' to match\n"
+"the work tree to HEAD.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set the 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable\n"
+"to 'ignore' or 'warn' in the remote repository to allow pushing into\n"
+"its current branch; however, this is not recommended unless you\n"
+"arranged to update its work tree to match what you pushed in some\n"
+"other way.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message and still keep the default behaviour, set\n"
+"'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"Normalt tillåts inte uppdatering av aktuell gren i ett icke-naket\n"
+"arkiv, då index och arbetskatalog inte kommer stämma med det du\n"
+"sände och \"git reset --hard\" krävs för att få arbetskatalogen och\n"
+"HEAD att stämma överens.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du kan ställa in variabeln \"receive.denyCurrentBranch\" till\n"
+"\"ignore\" eller \"warn\" i fjärrarkivet för att tillåta sändning till\n"
+"dess aktuella gren; detta rekommenderas dock inte såvida du inte\n"
+"sett till att dess arbetskatalog uppdateras till det tu sände in\n"
+"på annat sätt.\n"
+"\n"
+"För att undvika detta meddelande och fortfarande behålla det\n"
+"normala beteendet, sätt \"receive.denyCurrentBranch\" till \"refuse\"."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:862
+msgid ""
+"By default, deleting the current branch is denied, because the next\n"
+"'git clone' won't result in any file checked out, causing confusion.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' configuration variable to\n"
+"'warn' or 'ignore' in the remote repository to allow deleting the\n"
+"current branch, with or without a warning message.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message, you can set it to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"Normalt tillåts inte radering av aktuell gren, eftersom nästa\n"
+"\"git clone\" inte kommer innebära att några filer checkas ut,\n"
+"vilket är förvirrande.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du kan ställa in variabeln \"receive.denyDeleteCurrent\" till\n"
+"\"warn\" eller \"ignore\" i fjärrarkivet för att tillåta borttagning\n"
+"av aktuell gren, med eller utan varningsmeddelande.\n"
+"\n"
+"För att undvika detta meddelande kan du sätta det till \"refuse\"."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1935
+msgid "quiet"
+msgstr "tyst"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1949
+msgid "You must specify a directory."
+msgstr "Du måste ange en katalog."
+
+#: builtin/reflog.c:532 builtin/reflog.c:537
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid timestamp"
 msgstr "\"%s\" är inte en giltig tidsstämpel"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:12
+#: builtin/remote.c:14
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
 msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:13
+#: builtin/remote.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
 "mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
 msgstr ""
-"git remote add [-t <gren>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"git remote add [-t <gren>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
 "mirror=<fetch|push>] <namn> <url>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:14 builtin/remote.c:33
+#: builtin/remote.c:16 builtin/remote.c:36
 msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
 msgstr "git remote rename <gammal> <ny>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:15 builtin/remote.c:38
+#: builtin/remote.c:17 builtin/remote.c:41
 msgid "git remote remove <name>"
 msgstr "git remote remove <namn>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:16
-msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete |<branch>)"
+#: builtin/remote.c:18 builtin/remote.c:46
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
 msgstr "git remote set-head <namn> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <gren>)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:17
+#: builtin/remote.c:19
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <namn>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:18
+#: builtin/remote.c:20
 msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <namn>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:19
+#: builtin/remote.c:21
 msgid ""
 "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
 msgstr ""
 "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<grupp> | <fjärr>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:20
+#: builtin/remote.c:22
 msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches [--add] <namn> <gren>..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:21 builtin/remote.c:69
+#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:72
+msgid "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <namn>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:24 builtin/remote.c:77
 msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
 msgstr "git remote set-url [--push] <namn> <nyurl> [<gammalurl>]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:70
+#: builtin/remote.c:25 builtin/remote.c:78
 msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
 msgstr "git remote set-url --add <namn> <nyurl>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:71
+#: builtin/remote.c:26 builtin/remote.c:79
 msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
 msgstr "git remote set-url --delete <namn> <url>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:28
+#: builtin/remote.c:31
 msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
 msgstr "git remote add [<flaggor>] <namn> <url>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:43
-msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
-msgstr "git remote set-head <namn> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <gren>)"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:48
+#: builtin/remote.c:51
 msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches <namn> <gren>..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:49
+#: builtin/remote.c:52
 msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches --add <namn> <gren>..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:54
+#: builtin/remote.c:57
 msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote show [<flaggor>] <namn>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:59
+#: builtin/remote.c:62
 msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote prune [<flaggor>] <namn>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:64
+#: builtin/remote.c:67
 msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
 msgstr "git remote update [<flaggor>] [<grupp> | <fjärr>]..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:88
+#: builtin/remote.c:96
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s"
 msgstr "Uppdaterar %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:120
+#: builtin/remote.c:128
 msgid ""
 "--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
 "\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
@@ -8475,96 +12862,86 @@ msgstr ""
 "--mirror är farlig och föråldrad; använd\n"
 "\t --mirror=fetch eller --mirror=push istället"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:137
+#: builtin/remote.c:145
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
 msgstr "okänt argument till mirror: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:153
+#: builtin/remote.c:161
 msgid "fetch the remote branches"
 msgstr "hämta fjärrgrenarna"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:155
+#: builtin/remote.c:163
 msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
 msgstr "importera alla taggar och associerade objekt vid hämtning"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:158
+#: builtin/remote.c:166
 msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
 msgstr "eller hämta inte några taggar alls (--no-tags)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:160
+#: builtin/remote.c:168
 msgid "branch(es) to track"
 msgstr "gren(ar) att spåra"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:161
+#: builtin/remote.c:169
 msgid "master branch"
 msgstr "huvudgren"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:162
+#: builtin/remote.c:170
 msgid "push|fetch"
 msgstr "push|fetch"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:163
+#: builtin/remote.c:171
 msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
 msgstr "ställ in arkiv som spegel att sända eller ta emot från"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:175
+#: builtin/remote.c:183
 msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
 msgstr "att ange en master-gren ger ingen mening med --mirror"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:177
+#: builtin/remote.c:185
 msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
 msgstr "att ange grenar att spåra ger mening bara med hämtningsspeglar"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:187 builtin/remote.c:643
+#: builtin/remote.c:192 builtin/remote.c:634
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote %s already exists."
 msgstr "fjärrarkivet %s finns redan."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:191 builtin/remote.c:647
+#: builtin/remote.c:196 builtin/remote.c:638
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
 msgstr "\"%s\" är inte ett giltigt namn på fjärrarkiv"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:235
+#: builtin/remote.c:236
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte skapa master \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:335
+#: builtin/remote.c:342
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte hämta mappning för referensspecifikation %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:436 builtin/remote.c:444
+#: builtin/remote.c:441 builtin/remote.c:449
 msgid "(matching)"
 msgstr "(matchande)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:448
+#: builtin/remote.c:453
 msgid "(delete)"
 msgstr "(ta bort)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:592 builtin/remote.c:598 builtin/remote.c:604
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr "Kunde inte tillämpa \"%s\" på \"%s\""
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:636 builtin/remote.c:795 builtin/remote.c:895
+#: builtin/remote.c:627 builtin/remote.c:762 builtin/remote.c:861
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote: %s"
 msgstr "Inget sådant fjärrarkiv: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:653
+#: builtin/remote.c:644
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte byta namn på konfigurationssektionen \"%s\" till \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:659 builtin/remote.c:847
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
-msgstr "Kunde inte ta bort konfigurationssektionen \"%s\""
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:674
+#: builtin/remote.c:664
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
@@ -8575,32 +12952,17 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "\tUppdatera konfigurationen manuellt om nödvändigt."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:680
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s'"
-msgstr "Kunde inte lägga till på \"%s\""
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:691
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not set '%s'"
-msgstr "Kunde inte sätta \"%s\""
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:713
+#: builtin/remote.c:700
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
 msgstr "misslyckades ta bort \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:747
+#: builtin/remote.c:734
 #, c-format
 msgid "creating '%s' failed"
 msgstr "misslyckades skapa \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:766
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove branch %s"
-msgstr "Kunde inte ta bort grenen %s"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:833
+#: builtin/remote.c:799
 msgid ""
 "Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
 "to delete it, use:"
@@ -8614,374 +12976,449 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "Observera: Några grenar utanför hierarkin refs/remotes/ togs inte bort;\n"
 "för att ta bort dem, använd:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:948
+#: builtin/remote.c:813
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte ta bort konfigurationssektionen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:914
 #, c-format
 msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
 msgstr " ny (nästa hämtning sparar i remotes/%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:951
+#: builtin/remote.c:917
 msgid " tracked"
 msgstr " spårad"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:953
+#: builtin/remote.c:919
 msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
 msgstr " förlegad (använd \"git remote prune\" för att ta bort)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:955
+#: builtin/remote.c:921
 msgid " ???"
 msgstr " ???"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:996
+#: builtin/remote.c:962
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
 msgstr "ogiltig branch.%s.merge; kan inte ombasera över > 1 gren"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1003
+#: builtin/remote.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively onto remote %s"
+msgstr "ombaseras interaktivt på fjärren %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively (with merges) onto remote %s"
+msgstr "ombaseras interaktivt (med sammanslagningar) på fjärren %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:976
 #, c-format
 msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
 msgstr "ombaseras på fjärren %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1006
+#: builtin/remote.c:980
 #, c-format
 msgid " merges with remote %s"
 msgstr " sammanslås med fjärren %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1007
-msgid "    and with remote"
-msgstr "    och med fjärren"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:1009
+#: builtin/remote.c:983
 #, c-format
 msgid "merges with remote %s"
 msgstr "sammanslås med fjärren %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1010
-msgid "   and with remote"
-msgstr "   och med fjärren"
+#: builtin/remote.c:986
+#, c-format
+msgid "%-*s    and with remote %s\n"
+msgstr "%-*s    och med fjärren %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1056
+#: builtin/remote.c:1029
 msgid "create"
 msgstr "skapa"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1059
+#: builtin/remote.c:1032
 msgid "delete"
 msgstr "ta bort"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1063
+#: builtin/remote.c:1036
 msgid "up to date"
 msgstr "àjour"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1066
+#: builtin/remote.c:1039
 msgid "fast-forwardable"
 msgstr "kan snabbspolas"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1069
+#: builtin/remote.c:1042
 msgid "local out of date"
 msgstr "lokal föråldrad"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1076
+#: builtin/remote.c:1049
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
 msgstr "    %-*s tvingar till %-*s (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1079
+#: builtin/remote.c:1052
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
 msgstr "    %-*s sänder till %-*s (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1083
+#: builtin/remote.c:1056
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
 msgstr "    %-*s tvingar till %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1086
+#: builtin/remote.c:1059
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
 msgstr "    %-*s sänder till %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1154
+#: builtin/remote.c:1127
 msgid "do not query remotes"
 msgstr "fråga inte fjärrar"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1181
+#: builtin/remote.c:1154
 #, c-format
 msgid "* remote %s"
 msgstr "* fjärr %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1182
+#: builtin/remote.c:1155
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
 msgstr "  Hämt-URL: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1183 builtin/remote.c:1334
+#: builtin/remote.c:1156 builtin/remote.c:1172 builtin/remote.c:1311
 msgid "(no URL)"
 msgstr "(ingen URL)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1192 builtin/remote.c:1194
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon ':' should align
+#. with the one in " Fetch URL: %s"
+#. translation.
+#.
+#: builtin/remote.c:1170 builtin/remote.c:1172
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
 msgstr "  Sänd-URL: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1196 builtin/remote.c:1198 builtin/remote.c:1200
+#: builtin/remote.c:1174 builtin/remote.c:1176 builtin/remote.c:1178
 #, c-format
 msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
 msgstr "  HEAD-gren: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1202
+#: builtin/remote.c:1174
+msgid "(not queried)"
+msgstr "(inte förfrågad)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1176
+msgid "(unknown)"
+msgstr "(okänd)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1180
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
 msgstr "  HEAD-gren (HEAD på fjärr är tvetydig, kan vara en av följande):\n"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1214
+#: builtin/remote.c:1192
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
 msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
 msgstr[0] "  Fjärrgren:%s"
 msgstr[1] "  Fjärrgrenar:%s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1217 builtin/remote.c:1244
+#: builtin/remote.c:1195 builtin/remote.c:1221
 msgid " (status not queried)"
 msgstr " (status inte förfrågad)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1226
+#: builtin/remote.c:1204
 msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
 msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
 msgstr[0] "  Lokal gren konfigurerad för \"git pull\":"
 msgstr[1] "  Lokala grenar konfigurerade för \"git pull\":"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1234
+#: builtin/remote.c:1212
 msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
 msgstr "  Lokala referenser speglas av \"git push\""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1241
+#: builtin/remote.c:1218
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
 msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
 msgstr[0] "  Lokal referens konfigurerad för \"git push\"%s:"
 msgstr[1] "  Lokala referenser konfigurerade för \"git push\"%s:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1262
+#: builtin/remote.c:1239
 msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
 msgstr "sätt refs/remotes/<namn>/HEAD enligt fjärren"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1264
+#: builtin/remote.c:1241
 msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
 msgstr "ta bort refs/remotes/<namn>/HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1279
+#: builtin/remote.c:1256
 msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
 msgstr "Kan inte bestämma HEAD på fjärren"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1281
+#: builtin/remote.c:1258
 msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
 msgstr "Flera HEAD-grenar på fjärren. Välj en explicit med:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1291
+#: builtin/remote.c:1268
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not delete %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte ta bort %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1299
+#: builtin/remote.c:1276
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
 msgstr "Inte en giltig referens: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1301
+#: builtin/remote.c:1278
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not setup %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte ställa in %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1319
+#: builtin/remote.c:1296
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s will become dangling!"
 msgstr " %s kommer bli dinglande!"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1320
+#: builtin/remote.c:1297
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s has become dangling!"
 msgstr " %s har blivit dinglande!"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1330
+#: builtin/remote.c:1307
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pruning %s"
 msgstr "Rensar %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1331
+#: builtin/remote.c:1308
 #, c-format
 msgid "URL: %s"
 msgstr "URL: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1354
+#: builtin/remote.c:1324
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [would prune] %s"
 msgstr " * [skulle rensa] %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1357
+#: builtin/remote.c:1327
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [pruned] %s"
 msgstr " * [rensad] %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1402
+#: builtin/remote.c:1372
 msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
 msgstr "rensa fjärrar efter hämtning"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1468 builtin/remote.c:1542
+#: builtin/remote.c:1435 builtin/remote.c:1489 builtin/remote.c:1557
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote '%s'"
 msgstr "Ingen sådan fjärr \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1488
+#: builtin/remote.c:1451
 msgid "add branch"
 msgstr "lägg till gren"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1495
+#: builtin/remote.c:1458
 msgid "no remote specified"
 msgstr "ingen fjärr angavs"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1517
+#: builtin/remote.c:1475
+msgid "query push URLs rather than fetch URLs"
+msgstr "fråga sänd-URL:er istället för hämta-URL:er"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1477
+msgid "return all URLs"
+msgstr "returnera alla URL:er"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1505
+#, c-format
+msgid "no URLs configured for remote '%s'"
+msgstr "ingen URL:er angivna för fjärren \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1531
 msgid "manipulate push URLs"
 msgstr "manipulera URL:ar för sändning"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1519
+#: builtin/remote.c:1533
 msgid "add URL"
 msgstr "lägg till URL"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1521
+#: builtin/remote.c:1535
 msgid "delete URLs"
 msgstr "ta bort URL:ar"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1528
+#: builtin/remote.c:1542
 msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
 msgstr "--add --delete ger ingen mening"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1568
+#: builtin/remote.c:1581
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
 msgstr "Felaktig gammalt URL-mönster: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1576
+#: builtin/remote.c:1589
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such URL found: %s"
 msgstr "Ingen sådan URL hittades: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1578
+#: builtin/remote.c:1591
 msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
 msgstr "Kommer inte ta bort alla icke-sänd-URL:er"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1592
+#: builtin/remote.c:1607
 msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
 msgstr "var pratsam; måste skrivas före ett underkommando"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:17
-msgid "git repack [options]"
-msgstr "git repack [flaggor]"
+#: builtin/remote.c:1638
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "Okänt underkommando: %s"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:18
+msgid "git repack [<options>]"
+msgstr "git repack [<flaggor>]"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:159
+#: builtin/repack.c:23
+msgid ""
+"Incremental repacks are incompatible with bitmap indexes.  Use\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index or disable the pack.writebitmaps configuration."
+msgstr ""
+"Inkrementella ompackningar är inte kompatibla med bitmapp-index.\n"
+"Använd --no-write-bitmap-index eller inaktivera inställningen\n"
+"pack.writebitmaps"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:180
 msgid "pack everything in a single pack"
 msgstr "packa allt i ett enda paket"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:161
+#: builtin/repack.c:182
 msgid "same as -a, and turn unreachable objects loose"
 msgstr "samma som -a, och gör onåbara objekt lösa"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:164
+#: builtin/repack.c:185
 msgid "remove redundant packs, and run git-prune-packed"
 msgstr "ta bort överflödiga paket, och kör git-prune-packed"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:166
+#: builtin/repack.c:187
 msgid "pass --no-reuse-delta to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "sänd --no-reuse-delta till git-pack-objects"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:168
+#: builtin/repack.c:189
 msgid "pass --no-reuse-object to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "sänd --no-reuse-object till git-pack-objects"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:170
+#: builtin/repack.c:191
 msgid "do not run git-update-server-info"
 msgstr "kör inte git-update-server-info"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:173
+#: builtin/repack.c:194
 msgid "pass --local to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "sänd --local till git-pack-objects"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:175
+#: builtin/repack.c:196
 msgid "write bitmap index"
 msgstr "skriv bitkartindex"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:176
+#: builtin/repack.c:197
 msgid "approxidate"
 msgstr "cirkadatum"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:177
+#: builtin/repack.c:198
 msgid "with -A, do not loosen objects older than this"
 msgstr "med -A, lös inte upp objekt äldre än detta"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:179
+#: builtin/repack.c:200
+msgid "with -a, repack unreachable objects"
+msgstr "med -a, packa om onåbara objekt"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:202
 msgid "size of the window used for delta compression"
 msgstr "storlek på fönster använt för deltakomprimering"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:180 builtin/repack.c:184
+#: builtin/repack.c:203 builtin/repack.c:209
 msgid "bytes"
 msgstr "byte"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:181
+#: builtin/repack.c:204
 msgid "same as the above, but limit memory size instead of entries count"
 msgstr "samma som ovan, men begränsa minnesstorleken istället för postantal"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:183
+#: builtin/repack.c:206
 msgid "limits the maximum delta depth"
 msgstr "begränsa maximalt deltadjup"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:185
+#: builtin/repack.c:208
+msgid "limits the maximum number of threads"
+msgstr "begränsar maximalt antal trådar"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:210
 msgid "maximum size of each packfile"
 msgstr "maximal storlek på varje paketfil"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:187
+#: builtin/repack.c:212
 msgid "repack objects in packs marked with .keep"
 msgstr "packa om objekt i paket märkta med .keep"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:371
+#: builtin/repack.c:214
+msgid "do not repack this pack"
+msgstr "packa inte om detta paket"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:224
+msgid "cannot delete packs in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "kan inte ta bort paket i ett \"precious-objects\"-arkiv"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:228
+msgid "--keep-unreachable and -A are incompatible"
+msgstr "--keep-unreachable och -A kan inte användas samtidigt"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:425 builtin/worktree.c:139
 #, c-format
-msgid "removing '%s' failed"
+msgid "failed to remove '%s'"
 msgstr "misslyckades ta bort \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:19
+#: builtin/replace.c:22
 msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] <objekt> <ersättning>"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:20
+#: builtin/replace.c:23
 msgid "git replace [-f] --edit <object>"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] --edit <objekt>"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:21
+#: builtin/replace.c:24
 msgid "git replace [-f] --graft <commit> [<parent>...]"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] --graft <incheckning> [<förälder>...]"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:22
+#: builtin/replace.c:25
+msgid "git replace [-f] --convert-graft-file"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] --convert-graft-file"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:26
 msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
 msgstr "git replace -d <objekt>..."
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:23
+#: builtin/replace.c:27
 msgid "git replace [--format=<format>] [-l [<pattern>]]"
 msgstr "git replace [--format=<format>] [-l [<mönster>]]"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:325 builtin/replace.c:363 builtin/replace.c:391
+#: builtin/replace.c:371 builtin/replace.c:415 builtin/replace.c:445
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'"
 msgstr "Objektnamnet är inte giltigt: \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:355
+#: builtin/replace.c:407
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad mergetag in commit '%s'"
 msgstr "felaktig sammanslagningstagg i incheckningen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:357
+#: builtin/replace.c:409
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed mergetag in commit '%s'"
 msgstr "felformad sammanslagningstagg i incheckningen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:368
+#: builtin/replace.c:421
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "original commit '%s' contains mergetag '%s' that is discarded; use --edit "
@@ -8990,335 +13427,334 @@ msgstr ""
 "den ursprungliga incheckningen \"%s\" innehåller sammanslagningstaggen \"%s"
 "\" som har förkastats; använd --edit istället för --graft"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:401
+#: builtin/replace.c:460
 #, c-format
 msgid "the original commit '%s' has a gpg signature."
 msgstr "den ursprungliga incheckningen \"%s\" har en gpg-signatur."
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:402
+#: builtin/replace.c:461
 msgid "the signature will be removed in the replacement commit!"
 msgstr "signaturen kommer att tas bort i ersättningsincheckningen!"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:408
+#: builtin/replace.c:471
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not write replacement commit for: '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte skriva ersättningsincheckning för: \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:432
+#: builtin/replace.c:514
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not convert the following graft(s):\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"kunde inte konvertera följande ympning(ar):\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:535
 msgid "list replace refs"
 msgstr "visa ersättningsreferenser"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:433
+#: builtin/replace.c:536
 msgid "delete replace refs"
 msgstr "ta bort ersättningsreferenser"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:434
+#: builtin/replace.c:537
 msgid "edit existing object"
 msgstr "redigera befintligt objekt"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:435
+#: builtin/replace.c:538
 msgid "change a commit's parents"
 msgstr "ändra en inchecknings föräldrar"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:436
+#: builtin/replace.c:539
+msgid "convert existing graft file"
+msgstr "konvertera befintlig ympningsfil"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:540
 msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
 msgstr "ersätt referensen om den finns"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:437
+#: builtin/replace.c:542
 msgid "do not pretty-print contents for --edit"
 msgstr "använd inte snygg visning av innehåll för --edit"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:438
+#: builtin/replace.c:543
 msgid "use this format"
 msgstr "använd detta format"
 
-#: builtin/rerere.c:12
-msgid "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
-msgstr "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+#: builtin/rerere.c:13
+msgid "git rerere [clear | forget <path>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+msgstr "git rerere [clear | forget <path>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
 
-#: builtin/rerere.c:57
+#: builtin/rerere.c:59
 msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
 msgstr "registrera rena lösningar i indexet"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:26
+#: builtin/reset.c:29
 msgid ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<incheckning>]"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:27
-msgid "git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <paths>..."
-msgstr "git reset [-q] <träd-igt> [--] <sökvägar>..."
+#: builtin/reset.c:30
+msgid "git reset [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git reset [-q] [<träd-igt>] [--] <sökvägar>..."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:28
+#: builtin/reset.c:31
 msgid "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"
 msgstr "git reset --patch [<träd-igt>] [--] [<sökvägar>...]"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "mixed"
 msgstr "blandad"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "soft"
 msgstr "mjuk"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "hard"
 msgstr "hård"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "merge"
 msgstr "sammanslagning"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "keep"
 msgstr "behåll"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:74
+#: builtin/reset.c:78
 msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
 msgstr "Du har inte en giltig HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:76
+#: builtin/reset.c:80
 msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
-msgstr "Kunde inte hitta träder för HEAD."
+msgstr "Kunde inte hitta trädet för HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:82
+#: builtin/reset.c:86
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
-msgstr "Kunde inte hitta träder för %s."
+msgstr "Kunde inte hitta trädet för %s."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:100
+#: builtin/reset.c:111
 #, c-format
 msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
 msgstr "HEAD är nu på %s"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:183
+#: builtin/reset.c:189
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
 msgstr "Kan inte utföra en %s återställning mitt i en sammanslagning."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:276
+#: builtin/reset.c:289
 msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
 msgstr "var tyst, rapportera endast fel"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:278
+#: builtin/reset.c:291
 msgid "reset HEAD and index"
 msgstr "återställ HEAD och index"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:279
+#: builtin/reset.c:292
 msgid "reset only HEAD"
 msgstr "återställ endast HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:281 builtin/reset.c:283
+#: builtin/reset.c:294 builtin/reset.c:296
 msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
 msgstr "återställ HEAD, index och arbetskatalog"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:285
+#: builtin/reset.c:298
 msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
 msgstr "återställ HEAD men behåll lokala ändringar"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:288
+#: builtin/reset.c:304
 msgid "record only the fact that removed paths will be added later"
 msgstr "registrera endast att borttagna sökvägar kommer läggas till senare"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:305
+#: builtin/reset.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."
 msgstr "Kunde inte slå upp \"%s\" som en giltig revision."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:308 builtin/reset.c:316
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
-msgstr "Kan inte tolka objektet \"%s\""
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:313
+#: builtin/reset.c:329
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."
 msgstr "Kunde inte slå upp \"%s\" som ett giltigt träd."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:322
+#: builtin/reset.c:338
 msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 msgstr "--patch är inkompatibel med --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#: builtin/reset.c:347
 msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
 msgstr ""
 "--mixed rekommenderas inte med sökvägar; använd \"git reset -- <sökvägar>\"."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:333
+#: builtin/reset.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
 msgstr "Kan inte göra %s återställning med sökvägar."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:343
+#: builtin/reset.c:359
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
 msgstr "%s återställning tillåts inte i ett naket arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#: builtin/reset.c:363
 msgid "-N can only be used with --mixed"
 msgstr "-N kan endast användas med --mixed"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:364
+#: builtin/reset.c:380
 msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
 msgstr "Oköade ändringar efter återställning:"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:370
+#: builtin/reset.c:386
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
 msgstr "Kunde inte återställa indexfilen till versionen \"%s\"."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:374
+#: builtin/reset.c:390
 msgid "Could not write new index file."
 msgstr "Kunde inte skriva ny indexfil."
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:361
-msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
-msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<argument>...]"
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:397
+msgid "cannot combine --exclude-promisor-objects and --missing"
+msgstr "kan inte kombinera --exclude-promisor-objects och --missing"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:455
+msgid "object filtering requires --objects"
+msgstr "objektfiltrering kräver --objects"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:458
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid sparse value '%s'"
+msgstr "ogiltigt värde för sparse: \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:499
+msgid "rev-list does not support display of notes"
+msgstr "rev-list stöder inte visning av anteckningar"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:366
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:502
+msgid "cannot combine --use-bitmap-index with object filtering"
+msgstr "kan inte kombinera --use-bitmap-index med objektfiltrering"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:406
+msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]"
+msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<argument>...]"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:411
 msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
 msgstr "behåll \"--\" sänt som argument"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:368
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:413
 msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
 msgstr "sluta tolka efter första argument som inte är flagga"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:371
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:416
 msgid "output in stuck long form"
 msgstr "utdata fast i lång form"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:499
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:549
 msgid ""
-"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]\n"
 "   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
-"   or: git rev-parse [options] [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [<options>] [<arg>...]\n"
 "\n"
 "Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
 msgstr ""
-"git rev-parse --parseopt [flaggor] -- [<argument>...]\n"
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<flaggor>] -- [<argument>...]\n"
 "     eller: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<argument>...]\n"
-"     eller: git rev-parse [flaggor] [<argument>...]\n"
+"     eller: git rev-parse [<flaggor>] [<argument>...]\n"
 "\n"
 "Kör \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" för mer information om den första "
 "varianten."
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:22
-msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>..."
-msgstr "git revert [flaggor] <incheckning-igt>..."
-
 #: builtin/revert.c:23
+msgid "git revert [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git revert [<flaggor>] <incheckning-igt>..."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:24
 msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
 msgstr "git revert <underkommando>"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:28
-msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>..."
-msgstr "git cherry-pick [flaggor] <incheckning-igt>..."
-
 #: builtin/revert.c:29
+msgid "git cherry-pick [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git cherry-pick [<flaggor>] <incheckning-igt>..."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:30
 msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
 msgstr "git cherry-pick <underkommando>"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:71
+#: builtin/revert.c:90
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr "%s: %s kan inte användas med %s"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:80
+#: builtin/revert.c:99
 msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
 msgstr "avsluta revert- eller cherry-pick-sekvens"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:81
+#: builtin/revert.c:100
 msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
 msgstr "Ã¥teruppta revert- eller cherry-pick-sekvens"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:82
+#: builtin/revert.c:101
 msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
 msgstr "avbryt revert- eller cherry-pick-sekvens"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:83
+#: builtin/revert.c:102
 msgid "don't automatically commit"
 msgstr "checka inte in automatiskt"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:84
+#: builtin/revert.c:103
 msgid "edit the commit message"
 msgstr "redigera incheckningsmeddelandet"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:87
-msgid "parent number"
-msgstr "nummer på förälder"
+#: builtin/revert.c:106
+msgid "parent-number"
+msgstr "nummer-på-förälder"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:89
+#: builtin/revert.c:107
+msgid "select mainline parent"
+msgstr "välj förälder för huvudlinje"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "merge strategy"
 msgstr "sammanslagningsstrategi"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:90
+#: builtin/revert.c:110
 msgid "option"
 msgstr "alternativ"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:91
+#: builtin/revert.c:111
 msgid "option for merge strategy"
-msgstr "alternativ för sammanslagningsstrategi"
+msgstr "alternativ för sammanslagningsstrategi"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:104
+#: builtin/revert.c:120
 msgid "append commit name"
 msgstr "lägg till incheckningsnamn"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:105
-msgid "allow fast-forward"
-msgstr "tillåt snabbspolning"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:106
+#: builtin/revert.c:122
 msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
 msgstr "behåll incheckningar som börjar som tomma"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:107
-msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
-msgstr "tillåt incheckningar med tomt meddelande"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:108
+#: builtin/revert.c:124
 msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
 msgstr "behåll redundanta, tomma incheckningar"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:112
-msgid "program error"
-msgstr "programfel"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:197
+#: builtin/revert.c:214
 msgid "revert failed"
 msgstr "\"revert\" misslyckades"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:212
+#: builtin/revert.c:227
 msgid "cherry-pick failed"
 msgstr "\"cherry-pick\" misslyckades"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:17
-msgid "git rm [options] [--] <file>..."
-msgstr "git rm [flaggor] [--] <fil>..."
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:65
-msgid ""
-"the following submodule (or one of its nested submodules)\n"
-"uses a .git directory:"
-msgid_plural ""
-"the following submodules (or one of their nested submodules)\n"
-"use a .git directory:"
-msgstr[0] ""
-"följande undermodul (eller en av dess nästlade undermoduler)\n"
-"använder en .git-katalog:"
-msgstr[1] ""
-"följande undermoduler (eller en av deras nästlade undermoduler)\n"
-"använder en .git-katalog:"
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:71
-msgid ""
-"\n"
-"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
-msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"(använd \"rm -rf\" om du verkligen vill ta bort den och all dess historik)"
+#: builtin/rm.c:18
+msgid "git rm [<options>] [--] <file>..."
+msgstr "git rm [<flaggor>] [--] <fil>..."
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:231
+#: builtin/rm.c:206
 msgid ""
 "the following file has staged content different from both the\n"
 "file and the HEAD:"
@@ -9330,7 +13766,7 @@ msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 "följande filer har köat innehåll som skiljer sig både från filen och HEAD:"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:236
+#: builtin/rm.c:211
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "(use -f to force removal)"
@@ -9338,13 +13774,13 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "(använd -f för att tvinga borttagning)"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:240
+#: builtin/rm.c:215
 msgid "the following file has changes staged in the index:"
 msgid_plural "the following files have changes staged in the index:"
 msgstr[0] "följande fil har ändringar köade i indexet:"
 msgstr[1] "följande filer har ändringar köade i indexet:"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:244 builtin/rm.c:255
+#: builtin/rm.c:219 builtin/rm.c:228
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
@@ -9352,207 +13788,668 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "(använd --cached för att behålla filen eller -f för att tvinga borttagning)"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:252
+#: builtin/rm.c:225
 msgid "the following file has local modifications:"
 msgid_plural "the following files have local modifications:"
 msgstr[0] "följande fil har lokala ändringar:"
 msgstr[1] "följande filer har lokala ändringar:"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:270
+#: builtin/rm.c:241
 msgid "do not list removed files"
 msgstr "lista inte borttagna filer"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:271
+#: builtin/rm.c:242
 msgid "only remove from the index"
 msgstr "ta bara bort från indexet"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:272
+#: builtin/rm.c:243
 msgid "override the up-to-date check"
 msgstr "överstyr àjour-testet"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:273
+#: builtin/rm.c:244
 msgid "allow recursive removal"
 msgstr "tillåt rekursiv borttagning"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:275
+#: builtin/rm.c:246
 msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
 msgstr "avsluta med nollstatus även om inget träffades"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:318
-msgid "Please, stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
-msgstr ""
-"Köa dina ändringar i .gitmodules eller använd \"stash\" för att fortsätta"
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:336
+#: builtin/rm.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
 msgstr "tar inte bort \"%s\" rekursivt utan -r"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:375
+#: builtin/rm.c:345
 #, c-format
 msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
 msgstr "git rm: kan inte ta bort %s"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:13
-msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"
+#: builtin/rm.c:368
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte ta bort \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:20
+msgid ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<host>:]<directory> "
+"[<ref>...]\n"
+"  --all and explicit <ref> specification are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<värd>:]<katalog> "
+"[<ref>...]\n"
+"  --all och explicit angiven <ref> är ömsesidigt uteslutande."
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:163
+msgid "remote name"
+msgstr "fjärrnamn"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:177
+msgid "use stateless RPC protocol"
+msgstr "använd tillståndslöst RPC-protokoll"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:178
+msgid "read refs from stdin"
+msgstr "läs referenser från standard in"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:179
+msgid "print status from remote helper"
+msgstr "visa status från fjärrhjälpare"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:7
+msgid "git serve [<options>]"
+msgstr "git serve [<flaggor>]"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:17 builtin/upload-pack.c:23
+msgid "quit after a single request/response exchange"
+msgstr "avsluta omedelbart efter första anrop/svar-utväxling"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:19
+msgid "exit immediately after advertising capabilities"
+msgstr "avsluta omedelbart efter kungörelse av kapabiliteter"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:14
+msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
 msgstr "git shortlog [<flaggor>] [<versionsintervall>] [[--] <sökväg>...]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:131
-#, c-format
-msgid "Missing author: %s"
-msgstr "Författare saknas: %s"
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:15
+msgid "git log --pretty=short | git shortlog [<options>]"
+msgstr "git log --pretty=short | git shortlog [<flaggor>]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:264
+msgid "Group by committer rather than author"
+msgstr "Gruppera efter incheckare istället för författare"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:230
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:266
 msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
 msgstr "sortera utdata enligt antal incheckningar per författare"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:232
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:268
 msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
 msgstr "Undertryck beskrivningar, visa bara antal incheckningar"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:234
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:270
 msgid "Show the email address of each author"
 msgstr "Visa e-postadress för varje författare"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:235
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:271
 msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 msgstr "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:236
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:272
 msgid "Linewrap output"
 msgstr "Radbryt utdata"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:9
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:298
+msgid "too many arguments given outside repository"
+msgstr "för många flaggor givna utanför arkivet"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:12
 msgid ""
-"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
 "\t\t[--current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
 "\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
 "\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <glob>)...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
 "\t\t[--current] [--color[=<när>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
 "\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
 "\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <mönster>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:13
-msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
-msgstr "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<bas>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:16
+msgid "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<bas>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d ref"
+msgid_plural "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "ignorerar %s; kan inte hantera mer än %d referens"
+msgstr[1] "ignorerar %s; kan inte hantera mer än %d referenser"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "no matching refs with %s"
+msgstr "inga motsvarande referenser med %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:626
 msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "visa fjärrspårande och lokala grenar"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:654
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:628
 msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "visa fjärrspårande grenar"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:630
 msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
 msgstr "färga \"*!+-\" enligt grenen"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:658
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:632
 msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
 msgstr "visa <n> ytterligare incheckningar efter gemensam anfader"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:634
 msgid "synonym to more=-1"
 msgstr "synonym till more=-1"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:661
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:635
 msgid "suppress naming strings"
 msgstr "undertyck namnsträngar"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:663
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:637
 msgid "include the current branch"
 msgstr "inkludera aktuell gren"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:665
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:639
 msgid "name commits with their object names"
 msgstr "namnge incheckningar med deras objektnamn"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:667
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:641
 msgid "show possible merge bases"
 msgstr "visa möjliga sammanslagningsbaser"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:669
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:643
 msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
 msgstr "visa referenser som inte kan nås från någon annan referens"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:671
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:645
 msgid "show commits in topological order"
 msgstr "visa incheckningar i topologisk ordning"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:674
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:648
 msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
 msgstr "visa endast incheckningar inte på den första grenen"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:676
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:650
 msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
 msgstr "visa sammanslagningar som endast kan nås från en spets"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
 msgid "topologically sort, maintaining date order where possible"
 msgstr "sortera topologiskt, behåll datumordning när möjligt"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:681
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
 msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
 msgstr "<n>[,<bas>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:682
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
 msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
 msgstr "visa <n> nyaste refloggposter med början på bas"
 
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:690
+msgid ""
+"--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, --independent or --merge-base"
+msgstr ""
+"--reflog är inkompatibel med --all, --remotes, --independent eller --merge-"
+"base"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:714
+msgid "no branches given, and HEAD is not valid"
+msgstr "inga grenar angavs, och HEAD är inte giltigt"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:717
+msgid "--reflog option needs one branch name"
+msgstr "--reflog behöver ett namn på en gren"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "only %d entry can be shown at one time."
+msgid_plural "only %d entries can be shown at one time."
+msgstr[0] "maximalt %d poster kan visas samtidigt."
+msgstr[1] "maximalt %d poster kan visas samtidigt."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:724
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such ref %s"
+msgstr "ingen sådan referens %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d rev."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d revs."
+msgstr[0] "kan inte hantera mer än %d revision."
+msgstr[1] "kan inte hantera mer än %d revisioner."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:812
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid ref."
+msgstr "\"%s\" är inte en giltig referens."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot find commit %s (%s)"
+msgstr "hittar inte incheckning %s (%s)"
+
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:10
 msgid ""
-"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
-"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<pattern>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
-"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [mönster*] "
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<mönster>...]"
 
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:11
-msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list"
-msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=mönster] < reflista"
+msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<mönster>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:159
 msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
 msgstr "visa endast taggar (kan kombineras med huvuden)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:169
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:160
 msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
 msgstr "visa endast huvuden (kan kombineras med taggar)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:161
 msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
 msgstr "striktare referenskontroll, kräver exakt referenssökväg"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:173 builtin/show-ref.c:175
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:164 builtin/show-ref.c:166
 msgid "show the HEAD reference, even if it would be filtered out"
 msgstr "visa HEAD-refrens, även när den skulle filtreras ut"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:177
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
 msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
 msgstr "avreferera taggar till objekt-id"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:179
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
 msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
 msgstr "visa SHA1-hash endast med <n> siffror"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:183
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:174
 msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
 msgstr "visa inte resultat på standard ut (användbart med --verify)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:185
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
 msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
 msgstr "visa referenser från standard in som inte finns i lokalt arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:7
-msgid "git symbolic-ref [options] name [ref]"
-msgstr "git symbolic-ref [flaggor] namn [ref]"
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:18
+msgid "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:19
+msgid "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:36
+msgid "skip and remove all lines starting with comment character"
+msgstr "hoppa över och ta bort alla rader som inleds med kommentarstecken"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:39
+msgid "prepend comment character and space to each line"
+msgstr "lägg in kommentarstecken och blanksteg först på varje rad"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:37 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1688
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such ref: %s"
+msgstr "Ingen sådan referens: %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:44 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1697
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expecting a full ref name, got %s"
+msgstr "Förväntade fullt referensnamn, fick %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:61
+msgid "submodule--helper print-default-remote takes no arguments"
+msgstr "submodule--helper print-default-remote tar inga argument"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte ta bort en komponent från url:en \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:406 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1211
+msgid "alternative anchor for relative paths"
+msgstr "alternativa ankare för relativa sökvägar"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:411
+msgid "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<sökväg>] [<sökväg>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:462 builtin/submodule--helper.c:485
+#, c-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '%s' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr "Hittade ingen url för undermodulsökvägen \"%s\" i .gitmodules"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not lookup configuration '%s'. Assuming this repository is its own "
+"authoritative upstream."
+msgstr ""
+"kunde inte slå upp konfigurationen \"%s\". Antar att arkivet är sn eget "
+"officiella uppström."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:511
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "Misslyckades registrera url för undermodulsökväg \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) registered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Undermodulen \"%s\" (%s) registrerad för sökvägen \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:525
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: command update mode suggested for submodule '%s'\n"
+msgstr "varning: kommandouppdateringsläge föreslogs för undermodulen \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "Misslyckades registrera uppdateringsläge för undermodulsökväg \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:554
+msgid "Suppress output for initializing a submodule"
+msgstr "Dölj utdata från initiering av undermodul"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:559
+msgid "git submodule--helper init [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper init [<sökväg>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:631 builtin/submodule--helper.c:757
+#, c-format
+msgid "no submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '%s'"
+msgstr "hittade ingen undermodulmappning i .gitmodules för sökvägen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:670
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD ref inside the submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte bestämma HEAD:s incheckning i undermodulen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:697 builtin/submodule--helper.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades rekursera in i undermodulen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:721 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1031
+msgid "Suppress submodule status output"
+msgstr "Hindra statusutskrift för undermodul"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:722
+msgid ""
+"Use commit stored in the index instead of the one stored in the submodule "
+"HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"Visa incheckning från indexet istället för den som lagrats i undermodulens "
+"HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:723
+msgid "recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "rekursera in i nästlade undermoduler"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:728
+msgid "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule status [--quitet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<sökväg>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:752
+msgid "git submodule--helper name <path>"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper name <sökväg>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:816
+#, c-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Synkroniserar undermodul-url för \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades registrera url för undermodulsökväg \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:836
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to get the default remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades hämta standardfjärr för undermodulsökväg \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:847
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to update remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades uppdatera fjärr för undermodulsökväg \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:895
+msgid "Suppress output of synchronizing submodule url"
+msgstr "Dölj utdata från synkroniering av undermodul-url"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:897
+msgid "Recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "Rekursera in i nästlade undermoduler"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:902
+msgid "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<sökväg>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains a .git directory (use 'rm -rf' if you "
+"really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+"Undermodulsarbetskatalogen \"%s\" innehåller en .git-katalog (använd \"rm -rf"
+"\" om du verkligen vill ta bort den och all dess historik)"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:968
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains local modifications; use '-f' to discard "
+"them"
+msgstr ""
+"Undermodulens arbetskatalog \"%s\" har lokala ändringar; \"-f\" kastar bort "
+"dem"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:976
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cleared directory '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Rensade katalogen \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:978
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Kunde inte ta bort undermodulens arbetskatalog \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:987
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create empty submodule directory %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte skapa tom undermodulskatalog %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) unregistered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Undermodulen \"%s\" (%s) registrerad för sökvägen \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1032
+msgid "Remove submodule working trees even if they contain local changes"
+msgstr ""
+"Ta bort undermodulers arbetskataloger även om de innehåller lokala ändringar"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1033
+msgid "Unregister all submodules"
+msgstr "Avregistrera alla undermoduler"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1038
+msgid ""
+"git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<sökväg>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1052
+msgid "Use '--all' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgstr "Använd \"--all\" om du verkligen vill avinitiera alla undermoduler"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1145 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1148
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' cannot add alternate: %s"
+msgstr "undermodulen \"%s\" kan inte lägga till alternativ: %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1184
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateErrorStrategy is not recognized"
+msgstr "Värdet \"%s\" i submodule.alternateErrorStrategy förstås inte"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1191
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateLocation is not recognized"
+msgstr "Värdet \"%s\" i submodule.alternateLocation förstås inte"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1214
+msgid "where the new submodule will be cloned to"
+msgstr "var den nya undermodulen skall klonas till"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1217
+msgid "name of the new submodule"
+msgstr "namn på den nya undermodulen"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1220
+msgid "url where to clone the submodule from"
+msgstr "URL att klona undermodulen från"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1228
+msgid "depth for shallow clones"
+msgstr "djup för grunda kloner"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1231 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1606
+msgid "force cloning progress"
+msgstr "tvinga kloningsförlopp"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1236
+msgid ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<path>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<repository>] [--name <name>] [--depth <depth>] --url <url> --path <path>"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<sökväg>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<arkvi>] [--name <namn>] [--depth <djup>] --url <url> --path <sökväg>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1267
+#, c-format
+msgid "clone of '%s' into submodule path '%s' failed"
+msgstr "misslyckades klona \"%s\" till undermodulsökvägen �%s�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1281
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get submodule directory for '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte få tag i undermodulkatalog för \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1347
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule path '%s' not initialized"
+msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"%s\" har inte initierats"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1351
+msgid "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr "Kanske menade du att använda \"update --init\"?"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1380
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping unmerged submodule %s"
+msgstr "Hoppar över ej sammanslagen undermodul %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1409
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "Hoppar över undermodulen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1544
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s'. Retry scheduled"
+msgstr "Misslyckades klona \"%s\". Nytt försök planlagt"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1555
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s' a second time, aborting"
+msgstr "Misslyckades klona \"%s\" för andra gången, avbryter"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1585 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1808
+msgid "path into the working tree"
+msgstr "sökväg inuti arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1588
+msgid "path into the working tree, across nested submodule boundaries"
+msgstr "sökväg inuti arbetskatalogen, genom nästlade undermodulgränser"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1592
+msgid "rebase, merge, checkout or none"
+msgstr "rebase, merge, checkout eller none"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1598
+msgid "Create a shallow clone truncated to the specified number of revisions"
+msgstr "Skapa en grund klon trunkerad till angivet antal revisioner"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1601
+msgid "parallel jobs"
+msgstr "parallella jobb"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1603
+msgid "whether the initial clone should follow the shallow recommendation"
+msgstr "om den första klonen skall följa rekommendation för grund kloning"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1604
+msgid "don't print cloning progress"
+msgstr "skriv inte klonförlopp"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1611
+msgid "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<sökväg>] [<sökväg>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1624
+msgid "bad value for update parameter"
+msgstr "felaktigt värde för parametern update"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1692
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule (%s) branch configured to inherit branch from superproject, but "
+"the superproject is not on any branch"
+msgstr ""
+"Undermodulens (%s) gren inställd på att ärva gren från huvudprojektet, men "
+"huvudprojektet är inte på någon gren"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1809
+msgid "recurse into submodules"
+msgstr "rekursera ner i undermoduler"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1815
+msgid "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<sökväg>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1901
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s doesn't support --super-prefix"
+msgstr "%s stöder inte --super-prefix"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1907
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid submodule--helper subcommand"
+msgstr "\"%s\" är inte ett giltigt underkommando till submodule--helper"
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:8
-msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] name"
-msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] namn"
+msgid "git symbolic-ref [<options>] <name> [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref [<flaggor>] <namn> [<ref>]"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:9
+msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <name>"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <namn>"
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40
 msgid "suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"
@@ -9567,62 +14464,51 @@ msgstr "ta bort symbolisk referens"
 msgid "shorten ref output"
 msgstr "förkorta ref-utdata"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:358
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
 msgid "reason"
 msgstr "skäl"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:358
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
 msgid "reason of the update"
 msgstr "skäl till uppdateringen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:22
+#: builtin/tag.c:24
 msgid ""
-"git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]"
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>] <tagname> "
+"[<head>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git tag [-a|-s|-u <nyckel-id>] [-f] [-m <medd>|-F <fil>] <taggnamn> [<huvud>]"
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <nyckel-id>] [-f] [-m <medd> | -F <fil>] <taggnamn> "
+"[<huvud>]"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:23
+#: builtin/tag.c:25
 msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
 msgstr "git tag -d <taggnamn>..."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:24
+#: builtin/tag.c:26
 msgid ""
-"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>] \n"
-"\t\t[<pattern>...]"
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--no-contains <commit>] [--"
+"points-at <object>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<format>] [--[no-]merged [<commit>]] [<pattern>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git tag -l [-n[<antal>]] [--contains <incheckning>] [--points-at <objekt>] \n"
-"\t\t[<mönster>...]"
+"git tag -l [-n[<antal>]] [--contains <incheckning>] [--no-contains "
+"<incheckning>] [--points-at <objekt>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<format>] [--[no-]merged [<incheckning>]] [<mönster>...]"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:26
-msgid "git tag -v <tagname>..."
-msgstr "git tag -v <taggnamn>..."
+#: builtin/tag.c:28
+msgid "git tag -v [--format=<format>] <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -v [--format=<format>] <taggnamn>..."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:69
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
-msgstr "felformat objekt vid \"%s\""
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:301
-#, c-format
-msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
-msgstr "taggnamnet för långt: %.*s..."
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:306
+#: builtin/tag.c:86
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' not found."
 msgstr "taggen \"%s\" hittades inte."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:321
+#: builtin/tag.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
 msgstr "Tog bort tagg \"%s\" (var %s)\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:333
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
-msgstr "kunde inte bekräfta taggen \"%s\""
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:343
+#: builtin/tag.c:132
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -9635,7 +14521,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "  %s\n"
 "Rader som inleds med \"%c\" ignoreras.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:347
+#: builtin/tag.c:136
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -9650,358 +14536,787 @@ msgstr ""
 "Rader som inleds med \"%c\" kommer behållas; du kan själv ta bort dem om\n"
 "du vill.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:371
-#, c-format
-msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s'"
-msgstr "sorteringsangivelsen \"%s\" stöds ej"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:373
-#, c-format
-msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s' in variable '%s'"
-msgstr "sorteringsangivelsen \"%s\" i variabeln \"%s\" stöds ej"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:428
+#: builtin/tag.c:190
 msgid "unable to sign the tag"
 msgstr "kunde inte signera taggen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:430
+#: builtin/tag.c:192
 msgid "unable to write tag file"
 msgstr "kunde inte skriva tagg-filen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:455
+#: builtin/tag.c:217
 msgid "bad object type."
-msgstr "felaktig objekttyp"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:468
-msgid "tag header too big."
-msgstr "tagghuvud för stort."
+msgstr "felaktig objekttyp."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:504
+#: builtin/tag.c:266
 msgid "no tag message?"
 msgstr "inget taggmeddelande?"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:510
+#: builtin/tag.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
 msgstr "Taggmeddelandet har lämnats i %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:559
-msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
-msgstr "flaggan \"points-at\" behöver ett objekt"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:561
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
-msgstr "felformat objektnamn \"%s\""
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:589
+#: builtin/tag.c:382
 msgid "list tag names"
 msgstr "lista taggnamn"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:591
+#: builtin/tag.c:384
 msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
 msgstr "visa <n> rader från varje taggmeddelande"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:593
+#: builtin/tag.c:386
 msgid "delete tags"
 msgstr "ta bort taggar"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:594
+#: builtin/tag.c:387
 msgid "verify tags"
 msgstr "verifiera taggar"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:596
+#: builtin/tag.c:389
 msgid "Tag creation options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för att skapa taggar"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:598
+#: builtin/tag.c:391
 msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
 msgstr "annoterad tagg, behöver meddelande"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:600
+#: builtin/tag.c:393
 msgid "tag message"
 msgstr "taggmeddelande"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:602
+#: builtin/tag.c:395
+msgid "force edit of tag message"
+msgstr "tvinga redigering av incheckningsmeddelande"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:396
 msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
 msgstr "annoterad och GPG-signerad tagg"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:606
+#: builtin/tag.c:400
 msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
 msgstr "använd annan nyckel för att signera taggen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:607
+#: builtin/tag.c:401
 msgid "replace the tag if exists"
 msgstr "ersätt taggen om den finns"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:608
-msgid "show tag list in columns"
-msgstr "lista taggar i spalter"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:610
-msgid "sort tags"
-msgstr "sortera taggar"
+#: builtin/tag.c:402 builtin/update-ref.c:368
+msgid "create a reflog"
+msgstr "skapa en reflog"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:614
+#: builtin/tag.c:404
 msgid "Tag listing options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för listning av taggar"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:617 builtin/tag.c:623
+#: builtin/tag.c:405
+msgid "show tag list in columns"
+msgstr "lista taggar i spalter"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:406 builtin/tag.c:408
 msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
 msgstr "visa endast taggar som innehåller incheckningen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:629
+#: builtin/tag.c:407 builtin/tag.c:409
+msgid "print only tags that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "visa endast taggar som inte innehåller incheckningen"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:410
+msgid "print only tags that are merged"
+msgstr "visa endast taggar som slagits samman"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:411
+msgid "print only tags that are not merged"
+msgstr "visa endast taggar som ej slagits samman"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:416
 msgid "print only tags of the object"
 msgstr "visa endast taggar för objektet"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:655
+#: builtin/tag.c:460
 msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column och -n är inkompatibla"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:667
-msgid "--sort and -n are incompatible"
-msgstr "--sort och -n är inkompatibla"
+#: builtin/tag.c:482
+msgid "-n option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "Flaggan -n är endast tillåten i listläge"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:674
-msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "Flaggan -n är endast tillåten tillsammans med -l."
+#: builtin/tag.c:484
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "Flaggan --contains är endast tillåten i listläge"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:676
-msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "Flaggan --contains är endast tillåten tillsammans med -l"
+#: builtin/tag.c:486
+msgid "--no-contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "Flaggan --no-contains är endast tillåten i listläge"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:678
-msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "Flaggan --points-at är endast tillåten tillsammans med -l."
+#: builtin/tag.c:488
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "Flaggan --points-at är endast tillåten i listläge"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:686
+#: builtin/tag.c:490
+msgid "--merged and --no-merged options are only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "Flaggorna --merged och --no-merged är endast tillåtna i listläge"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:501
 msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
 msgstr "endast en av flaggorna -F eller -m tillåts."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:706
+#: builtin/tag.c:520
 msgid "too many params"
 msgstr "för många parametrar"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:712
+#: builtin/tag.c:526
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
 msgstr "\"%s\" är inte ett giltigt taggnamn."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:717
+#: builtin/tag.c:531
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
 msgstr "taggen \"%s\" finns redan"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:741
+#: builtin/tag.c:562
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
 msgstr "Uppdaterad tagg \"%s\" (var %s)\n"
 
-#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:489
+#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:498
 msgid "Unpacking objects"
 msgstr "Packar upp objekt"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:403
-msgid "git update-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git update-index [flaggor] [--] [<fil>...]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory %s"
+msgstr "misslyckades skapa katalogen %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s"
+msgstr "misslyckades ta status på %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create file %s"
+msgstr "misslyckades skapa filen %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete file %s"
+msgstr "misslyckades ta bort filen %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:113 builtin/update-index.c:219
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete directory %s"
+msgstr "misslyckades ta bort katalogen %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:138
+#, c-format
+msgid "Testing mtime in '%s' "
+msgstr "Testar mtime i \"%s\" "
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:152
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new file"
+msgstr "stat-informationen för en katalog ändras inte när nya filer läggs till"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:165
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new directory"
+msgstr ""
+"stat-informationen för en katalog ändras inte när nya kataloger läggs till"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:178
+msgid "directory stat info changes after updating a file"
+msgstr "stat-informationen för en katalog ändras när filer uppdateras"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:189
+msgid "directory stat info changes after adding a file inside subdirectory"
+msgstr ""
+"stat-informationen för en katalog ändras när filer läggs till i en "
+"underkatalog"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:756
+#: builtin/update-index.c:200
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a file"
+msgstr "stat-informationen för en katalog ändras inte när en fil tas bort"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:213
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a directory"
+msgstr "stat-informationen för en katalog ändras inte när en katalog tas bort"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:220
+msgid " OK"
+msgstr " OK"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:589
+msgid "git update-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git update-index [<flaggor>] [--] [<fil>...]"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:946
 msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
 msgstr "fortsätt uppdatera även när index inte är àjour"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:759
+#: builtin/update-index.c:949
 msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
 msgstr "refresh: ignorera undermoduler"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:762
+#: builtin/update-index.c:952
 msgid "do not ignore new files"
 msgstr "ignorera inte nya filer"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:764
+#: builtin/update-index.c:954
 msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
 msgstr "låt filer ersätta kataloger och omvänt"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:766
+#: builtin/update-index.c:956
 msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
 msgstr "lägg märke till filer som saknas i arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:768
+#: builtin/update-index.c:958
 msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
 msgstr "uppdatera även om indexet innehåller ej sammanslagna poster"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:771
+#: builtin/update-index.c:961
 msgid "refresh stat information"
 msgstr "uppdatera statusinformation"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:775
+#: builtin/update-index.c:965
 msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
 msgstr "som --refresh, men ignorera assume-unchanged-inställning"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:779
+#: builtin/update-index.c:969
 msgid "<mode>,<object>,<path>"
 msgstr "<läge>,<objekt>,<sökväg>"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:780
+#: builtin/update-index.c:970
 msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
 msgstr "lägg till angiven post i indexet"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:784
-msgid "(+/-)x"
-msgstr "(+/-)x"
-
-#: builtin/update-index.c:785
-msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
-msgstr "överstyr exekveringsbiten för angivna filer"
-
-#: builtin/update-index.c:789
+#: builtin/update-index.c:979
 msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
 msgstr "markera filer som \"ändras inte\""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:792
+#: builtin/update-index.c:982
 msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
 msgstr "rensa \"assume-unchanged\"-biten"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:795
+#: builtin/update-index.c:985
 msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
 msgstr "markera filer som \"endast index\""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:798
+#: builtin/update-index.c:988
 msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
 msgstr "töm \"skip-worktree\"-biten"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:801
+#: builtin/update-index.c:991
 msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
 msgstr "lägg endast till indexet; lägg inte till innehållet i objektdatabasen"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:803
+#: builtin/update-index.c:993
 msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
 msgstr "ta bort namngivna sökvägar även om de finns i arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:805
+#: builtin/update-index.c:995
 msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
 msgstr "med --stdin: indatarader termineras med null-byte"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:807
+#: builtin/update-index.c:997
 msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
 msgstr "läs lista över sökvägar att uppdatera från standard in"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:811
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1001
 msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
 msgstr "lägg poster från standard in till indexet"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:815
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1005
 msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
 msgstr "återfyll etapp 2 och 3 från angivna sökvägar"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:819
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1009
 msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
 msgstr "uppdatera endast poster som skiljer sig från HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:823
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1013
 msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
 msgstr "ignorera filer som saknas i arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:826
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1016
 msgid "report actions to standard output"
 msgstr "rapportera åtgärder på standard ut"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:828
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1018
 msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
 msgstr "(för porslin) glöm sparade olösta konflikter"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:832
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1022
 msgid "write index in this format"
 msgstr "skriv index i detta format"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:834
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1024
 msgid "enable or disable split index"
 msgstr "aktivera eller inaktivera delat index"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:9
-msgid "git update-ref [options] -d <refname> [<oldval>]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [flaggor] -d <refnamn> [<gammaltvärde>]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1026
+msgid "enable/disable untracked cache"
+msgstr "aktivera/inaktivera ospårad cache"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1028
+msgid "test if the filesystem supports untracked cache"
+msgstr "testa om filsystemet stöder ospårad cache"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1030
+msgid "enable untracked cache without testing the filesystem"
+msgstr "aktivera ospårad cache utan att testa filsystemet"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1032
+msgid "write out the index even if is not flagged as changed"
+msgstr "skriv ut indexet även om det inte angivits som ändrat"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1034
+msgid "enable or disable file system monitor"
+msgstr "aktivera eller inaktivera filsystemsövervakning"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1036
+msgid "mark files as fsmonitor valid"
+msgstr "markera filer som \"fsmonitor valid\""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1039
+msgid "clear fsmonitor valid bit"
+msgstr "töm \"fsmonitor valid\"-bit"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1138
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"enable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex är satt till false; ta bort eller ändra det om du verkligen "
+"vill aktivera delat index"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1147
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"disable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex är satt till true; ta bort eller ändra det om du verkligen "
+"vill inaktivera delat index"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1158
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to disable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache är satt till true; ta bort eller ändra det om du "
+"verkligen vill inaktivera den ospårade cachen"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1162
+msgid "Untracked cache disabled"
+msgstr "Ospårad cache är inaktiverad"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1170
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to enable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache är satt till false; ta bort eller ändra det om du "
+"verkligen vill aktivera den ospårade cachen"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1174
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked cache enabled for '%s'"
+msgstr "Ospårad cache är aktiverad för \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1182
+msgid "core.fsmonitor is unset; set it if you really want to enable fsmonitor"
+msgstr "core.fsmonitor inte satt; sätt om du verkligen vill aktivera fsmonitor"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1186
+msgid "fsmonitor enabled"
+msgstr "fsmonitor aktiverat"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1189
+msgid ""
+"core.fsmonitor is set; remove it if you really want to disable fsmonitor"
+msgstr ""
+"core.fsmonitor är satt; ta bort om du verkligen vill inaktivera fsmonitor"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1193
+msgid "fsmonitor disabled"
+msgstr "fsmonitor inaktiverat"
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:10
-msgid "git update-ref [options]    <refname> <newval> [<oldval>]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [flaggor]    <refnamn> <gammaltvärde> [<nyttvärde>]"
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] -d <refname> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<flaggor>] -d <refnamn> [<gammaltvärde>]"
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:11
-msgid "git update-ref [options] --stdin [-z]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [flaggor] --stdin [-z]"
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>]    <refname> <new-val> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<flaggor>]    <refnamn> <gammaltvärde> [<nyttvärde>]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:12
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] --stdin [-z]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<flaggor>] --stdin [-z]"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:359
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
 msgid "delete the reference"
 msgstr "ta bort referensen"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:361
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:365
 msgid "update <refname> not the one it points to"
 msgstr "uppdatera <refnamn> inte det den pekar på"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:362
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:366
 msgid "stdin has NUL-terminated arguments"
 msgstr "standard in har NUL-terminerade argument"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:367
 msgid "read updates from stdin"
 msgstr "läs uppdateringar från standard in"
 
-#: builtin/update-server-info.c:6
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:7
 msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
 msgstr "git update-server-info [--force]"
 
-#: builtin/update-server-info.c:14
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:15
 msgid "update the info files from scratch"
 msgstr "uppdatera informationsfilerna från grunden"
 
-#: builtin/verify-commit.c:17
-msgid "git verify-commit [-v|--verbose] <commit>..."
-msgstr "git verify-commit [-v|--verbose] <incheckning>..."
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:11
+msgid "git upload-pack [<options>] <dir>"
+msgstr "git upload-pack [<flaggor>] <katalog>"
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:25
+msgid "exit immediately after initial ref advertisement"
+msgstr "avsluta omedelbart efter inledande kungörelse av referenser"
 
-#: builtin/verify-commit.c:75
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:27
+msgid "do not try <directory>/.git/ if <directory> is no Git directory"
+msgstr "testa inte <katalog>/.git/ om <katalog> inte är en Git-katalog"
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:29
+msgid "interrupt transfer after <n> seconds of inactivity"
+msgstr "avbryt överföringen efter <n> sekunders inaktivitet"
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:18
+msgid "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <incheckning>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:73
 msgid "print commit contents"
 msgstr "visa innehåll för incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:54
-msgid "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>..."
-msgstr "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <paket>..."
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:74 builtin/verify-tag.c:38
+msgid "print raw gpg status output"
+msgstr "visa råa gpg-statusdata"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:55
+msgid "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <pack>..."
+msgstr "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <paket>..."
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:64
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:65
 msgid "verbose"
 msgstr "pratsam"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:66
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:67
 msgid "show statistics only"
 msgstr "visa endast statistik"
 
-#: builtin/verify-tag.c:17
-msgid "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>..."
-msgstr "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tagg>..."
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:19
+msgid "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<format>] <tag>..."
+msgstr "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<format] <tagg>..."
 
-#: builtin/verify-tag.c:73
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:37
 msgid "print tag contents"
 msgstr "visa innehåll för tag"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:13
+#: builtin/worktree.c:17
+msgid "git worktree add [<options>] <path> [<commit-ish>]"
+msgstr "git worktree add [<flaggor>] <sökväg> [<incheckning-igt>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:18
+msgid "git worktree list [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree list [<flaggor>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:19
+msgid "git worktree lock [<options>] <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree lock [<flaggor>] <sökväg>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:20
+msgid "git worktree move <worktree> <new-path>"
+msgstr "git worktree move <arbetskatalog> <ny-sökväg>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:21
+msgid "git worktree prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree prune [<flaggor>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:22
+msgid "git worktree remove [<options>] <worktree>"
+msgstr "git worktree remove [<flaggor>] <arbetskatalog>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:23
+msgid "git worktree unlock <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree unlock <sökväg>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: not a valid directory"
+msgstr "Tar bort worktrees/%s: inte en giltig katalog"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:64
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file does not exist"
+msgstr "Tar bort worktrees/%s: gitdir-filen existerar inte"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:69 builtin/worktree.c:78
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: unable to read gitdir file (%s)"
+msgstr "Tar bort worktrees/%s: kan inte läsa gitdir-filen (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Removing worktrees/%s: short read (expected %<PRIuMAX> bytes, read "
+"%<PRIuMAX>)"
+msgstr ""
+"Tar bort worktrees/%s: kort läsning (förväntade %<PRIuMAX> byte, läste "
+"%<PRIuMAX>)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:96
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: invalid gitdir file"
+msgstr "Tar bort worktrees/%s: felaktig gitdir-fil"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file points to non-existent location"
+msgstr "Tar bort worktrees/%s: gitdir-filen pekar på en ickeexisterande plats"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:152
+msgid "report pruned working trees"
+msgstr "rapportera borttagna arbetskataloger"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:154
+msgid "expire working trees older than <time>"
+msgstr "låt tid gå ut för arbetskataloger äldre än <tid>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:229
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' already exists"
+msgstr "\"%s\" finns redan"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:260
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory of '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte skapa katalogen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:373 builtin/worktree.c:379
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (new branch '%s')"
+msgstr "Förbereder arbetskatalog (ny gren \"%s\")"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:375
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (resetting branch '%s'; was at %s)"
+msgstr "Förbereder arbetskatalog (återställer gren \"%s\"; var på %s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:384
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (checking out '%s')"
+msgstr "Förbereder arbetskatalog (checkar ut \"%s\")"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:390
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (detached HEAD %s)"
+msgstr "Förbereder arbetskatalog (frånkopplat HEAD %s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:431
+msgid "checkout <branch> even if already checked out in other worktree"
+msgstr ""
+"checka ut <gren> även om den redan är utcheckad i en annan arbetskatalog"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:434
+msgid "create a new branch"
+msgstr "skapa en ny gren"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:436
+msgid "create or reset a branch"
+msgstr "skapa eller återställ en gren"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:438
+msgid "populate the new working tree"
+msgstr "befolka den nya arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:439
+msgid "keep the new working tree locked"
+msgstr "låt arbetskatalogen förbli låst"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:441
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-branch(1))"
+msgstr "ställ in spårningsläge (se git-branch(1))"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:444
+msgid "try to match the new branch name with a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "försök matcha namn på ny gren mot en fjärrspårande gren"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:452
+msgid "-b, -B, and --detach are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-b, -B och --detach är ömsesidigt uteslutande"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:511
+msgid "--[no-]track can only be used if a new branch is created"
+msgstr "--[no-]track kan endast användas när ny gran skapas"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:611
+msgid "reason for locking"
+msgstr "orsak till lås"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:623 builtin/worktree.c:656 builtin/worktree.c:710
+#: builtin/worktree.c:850
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a working tree"
+msgstr "\"%s\" är inte en arbetskatalog"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:625 builtin/worktree.c:658
+msgid "The main working tree cannot be locked or unlocked"
+msgstr "Huvudarbetskatalogen kan inte låsas eller låsas upp"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:630
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked, reason: %s"
+msgstr "\"%s\" är redan låst, orsak: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked"
+msgstr "\"%s\" är redan låst"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:660
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not locked"
+msgstr "\"%s\" är inte låst"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:685
+msgid "working trees containing submodules cannot be moved or removed"
+msgstr "arbetskataloger med undermoduler kan inte flyttas eller tas bort"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:712 builtin/worktree.c:852
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is a main working tree"
+msgstr "\"%s\" är inte en huvudarbetskatalog"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not figure out destination name from '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte lista ut målnamn från \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "target '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "målet \"%s\" finns redan"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr "kan inte flytta en låst arbetskatalog, orsak till lås: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:732
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree"
+msgstr "kan inte flytta en låst arbetskatalog"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:735
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot move working tree: %s"
+msgstr "kontroll misslyckades, kan inte flytta arbetskatalog: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:740
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to move '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades flytta \"%s\" till \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:788
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades köra \"git status\" på \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:792
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is dirty, use --force to delete it"
+msgstr "\"%s\" är smutsigt, använd --force för att ta bort det"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:797
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s', code %d"
+msgstr "misslyckades köra \"git status\" på \"%s\", kod %d"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:808 builtin/worktree.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades ta bort \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:834
+msgid "force removing even if the worktree is dirty"
+msgstr "tvinga ta bort även om arbetskatalogen är smutsig"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:856
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr "kan inte ta bort en låst arbetskatalog, orsak till låset: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:858
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree"
+msgstr "kan inte ta bort en låst arbetskatalog"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:861
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot remove working tree: %s"
+msgstr "kontroll misslyckades, kan inte ta bort arbetskatalog: %s"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:14
 msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
 msgstr "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:26
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
 msgid "<prefix>/"
 msgstr "<prefix>/"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:28
 msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
 msgstr "visa trädobjekt för underkatalogen <prefix>"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:30
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:31
 msgid "only useful for debugging"
 msgstr "endast användbart vid felsökning"
 
-#: credential-cache--daemon.c:267
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The permissions on your socket directory are too loose; other\n"
+"users may be able to read your cached credentials. Consider running:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Behörigheten på din uttags-katalog (socket) är för lös; andra\n"
+"användare kan läsa dina cachade inloggningsuppgifter. Du bör köra:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
+
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:271
 msgid "print debugging messages to stderr"
 msgstr "skriv felsökningsmeddelanden på standard fel"
 
-#: git.c:14
+#: git.c:27
+msgid ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--"
+"bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]\n"
+"           <command> [<args>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C <sökväg>] [-c <namn>=<värde>]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=<sökväg>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-"
+"path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--"
+"bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=<sökväg>] [--work-tree=<sökväg>] [--namespace=<namn>]\n"
+"           <kommando> [<flaggor>]"
+
+#: git.c:34
 msgid ""
 "'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some\n"
 "concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
@@ -10011,396 +15326,858 @@ msgstr ""
 "några konceptvägledningar. Se \"git help <kommando>\" eller \"git help\n"
 "<koncept>\" för att läsa mer om specifika underkommandon och koncept."
 
-#: common-cmds.h:8
+#: git.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --git-dir\n"
+msgstr "ingen katalog angavs för --git-dir\n"
+
+#: git.c:187
+#, c-format
+msgid "no namespace given for --namespace\n"
+msgstr "ingen namnrymd angavs för --namespace\n"
+
+#: git.c:201
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --work-tree\n"
+msgstr "ingen katalog angavs för --work-tree\n"
+
+#: git.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "no prefix given for --super-prefix\n"
+msgstr "inget prefix angavs för --super-prefix\n"
+
+#: git.c:237
+#, c-format
+msgid "-c expects a configuration string\n"
+msgstr "-c förväntar en konfigurationssträng\n"
+
+#: git.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for -C\n"
+msgstr "ingen katalog angavs för -C\n"
+
+#: git.c:300
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option: %s\n"
+msgstr "okänd flagga: %s\n"
+
+#: git.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid "expansion of alias '%s' failed; '%s' is not a git command\n"
+msgstr ""
+"expandering av alias \"%s\" misslyckades; \"%s\" är inte ett git-kommando\n"
+
+#: git.c:777
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run command '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "misslyckades köra kommandot \"%s\": %s\n"
+
+#: http.c:348
+#, c-format
+msgid "negative value for http.postbuffer; defaulting to %d"
+msgstr "http.postbuffer har negativt värde; använder förvalet %d"
+
+#: http.c:369
+msgid "Delegation control is not supported with cURL < 7.22.0"
+msgstr "Delegerad styrning stöds inte av cURL < 7.22.0"
+
+#: http.c:378
+msgid "Public key pinning not supported with cURL < 7.44.0"
+msgstr "Fastnålning av öppen nyckel stöds inte av cURL < 7.44.0"
+
+#: http.c:1854
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unable to update url base from redirection:\n"
+"  asked for: %s\n"
+"   redirect: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"kan inte uppdatera urlbas från omdirigerin:\n"
+"        bad om: %s\n"
+"  omdirigering: %s"
+
+#: remote-curl.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "redirecting to %s"
+msgstr "omdirigerar till %s"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:59
+msgid "args"
+msgstr "argument"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:60
+msgid "object filtering"
+msgstr "objektfiltrering"
+
+#: parse-options.h:157
+msgid "expiry-date"
+msgstr "giltig-till"
+
+#: parse-options.h:172
+msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
+msgstr "ingen funktion (bakåtkompatibilitet)"
+
+#: parse-options.h:251
+msgid "be more verbose"
+msgstr "var mer pratsam"
+
+#: parse-options.h:253
+msgid "be more quiet"
+msgstr "var mer tyst"
+
+#: parse-options.h:259
+msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
+msgstr "använd <n> siffror för att visa SHA-1:or"
+
+#: command-list.h:50
 msgid "Add file contents to the index"
 msgstr "Lägg filinnehåll till indexet"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:9
-msgid "Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug"
-msgstr "Binärsök för att hitta ändringen som introducerade ett fel"
+#: command-list.h:51
+msgid "Apply a series of patches from a mailbox"
+msgstr "Tillämpa en serie patchar från en brevlåda"
+
+#: command-list.h:52
+msgid "Annotate file lines with commit information"
+msgstr "Kommentera filrader med incheckningsinformation"
+
+#: command-list.h:53
+msgid "Apply a patch to files and/or to the index"
+msgstr "Tillämpa en patch på filer och/eller indexet"
+
+#: command-list.h:54
+msgid "Import an Arch repository into Git"
+msgstr "Importera ett Arch-arkiv till Git"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:10
+#: command-list.h:55
+msgid "Create an archive of files from a named tree"
+msgstr "Skapa ett arkiv över filer från ett namngivet träd"
+
+#: command-list.h:56
+msgid "Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug"
+msgstr "Använd binärsökning för att hitta ändringen som introducerade ett fel"
+
+#: command-list.h:57
+msgid "Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file"
+msgstr "Visa version och författare som sist modifierade varje rad i en fil"
+
+#: command-list.h:58
 msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
 msgstr "Visa, skapa eller ta bort grenar"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:11
-msgid "Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree"
-msgstr "Checka ut en gren eller filer i arbetskatalogen"
+#: command-list.h:59
+msgid "Move objects and refs by archive"
+msgstr "Flytta objekt och referenser efter arkiv"
+
+#: command-list.h:60
+msgid "Provide content or type and size information for repository objects"
+msgstr ""
+"Visa innehåller eller typ- och storleksinformation för objekt i arkivet."
+
+#: command-list.h:61
+msgid "Display gitattributes information"
+msgstr "Visa information från gitattributes"
+
+#: command-list.h:62
+msgid "Debug gitignore / exclude files"
+msgstr "Felsök gitignore / exkluderings-filer"
+
+#: command-list.h:63
+msgid "Show canonical names and email addresses of contacts"
+msgstr "Visa kanoniska namn och e-postadresser för kontakter"
+
+#: command-list.h:64
+msgid "Switch branches or restore working tree files"
+msgstr "Byt till en ny gren eller återställ filer i arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:12
+#: command-list.h:65
+msgid "Copy files from the index to the working tree"
+msgstr "Kopiera filer från indexet till arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: command-list.h:66
+msgid "Ensures that a reference name is well formed"
+msgstr "Se till att referensen är välformad"
+
+#: command-list.h:67
+msgid "Find commits yet to be applied to upstream"
+msgstr "Hitta incheckningar som ännu inte applicerats uppströms"
+
+#: command-list.h:68
+msgid "Apply the changes introduced by some existing commits"
+msgstr "Applicera ändringarna introducerade av befintliga incheckningar"
+
+#: command-list.h:69
+msgid "Graphical alternative to git-commit"
+msgstr "Grafiskt alternativ till git-commit"
+
+#: command-list.h:70
+msgid "Remove untracked files from the working tree"
+msgstr "Ta bort ospårade filer från arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: command-list.h:71
 msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
 msgstr "Klona ett arkiv till en ny katalog"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:13
+#: command-list.h:72
+msgid "Display data in columns"
+msgstr "Visa data i kolumner"
+
+#: command-list.h:73
 msgid "Record changes to the repository"
 msgstr "Protokollför ändringar i arkivet"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:14
+#: command-list.h:74
+msgid "Write and verify Git commit graph files"
+msgstr "Skriv och verifiera Git-incheckningsgraffiler"
+
+#: command-list.h:75
+msgid "Create a new commit object"
+msgstr "Skapa ett nytt incheckningsobjekt"
+
+#: command-list.h:76
+msgid "Get and set repository or global options"
+msgstr "Läs och skriv alternativ för arkiv eller globalt"
+
+#: command-list.h:77
+msgid "Count unpacked number of objects and their disk consumption"
+msgstr "Räkna antal opackade objekt och mängd diskutrymme"
+
+#: command-list.h:78
+msgid "Retrieve and store user credentials"
+msgstr "Hämta och spara användarreferenser"
+
+#: command-list.h:79
+msgid "Helper to temporarily store passwords in memory"
+msgstr "Hjälpprogram för att tillfälligt lagra lösenord i minnet"
+
+#: command-list.h:80
+msgid "Helper to store credentials on disk"
+msgstr "Hjälpprogram för att lagra användarreferenser på disk"
+
+#: command-list.h:81
+msgid "Export a single commit to a CVS checkout"
+msgstr "Exportera en enkel incheckning i en CVS-utcheckning"
+
+#: command-list.h:82
+msgid "Salvage your data out of another SCM people love to hate"
+msgstr "Rädda dina data ut ur andra SCM folk älskar att hata"
+
+#: command-list.h:83
+msgid "A CVS server emulator for Git"
+msgstr "En CVS-serveremulator för Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:84
+msgid "A really simple server for Git repositories"
+msgstr "En riktigt enkel server för Git-arkiv"
+
+#: command-list.h:85
+msgid "Give an object a human readable name based on an available ref"
+msgstr "Ge ett objekt användarläsbara namn baserade på en tillgänglig referens"
+
+#: command-list.h:86
 msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
 msgstr "Visa ändringar mellan incheckningar, med arbetskatalogen, osv"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:15
+#: command-list.h:87
+msgid "Compares files in the working tree and the index"
+msgstr "Jämför filer i arbetskatalogen och indexet"
+
+#: command-list.h:88
+msgid "Compare a tree to the working tree or index"
+msgstr "Jämför en träd med arbetskatalogen eller indexet"
+
+#: command-list.h:89
+msgid "Compares the content and mode of blobs found via two tree objects"
+msgstr "Visar innehåll och läge för blob:ar som hittats via två trädobjekt"
+
+#: command-list.h:90
+msgid "Show changes using common diff tools"
+msgstr "Visa ändringar med vanliga diff-verktyg"
+
+#: command-list.h:91
+msgid "Git data exporter"
+msgstr "Exporterare för Git-data"
+
+#: command-list.h:92
+msgid "Backend for fast Git data importers"
+msgstr "Bakända för snabba Git-dataimporterare"
+
+#: command-list.h:93
 msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
 msgstr "Hämta objekt och referenser från annat arkiv"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:16
+#: command-list.h:94
+msgid "Receive missing objects from another repository"
+msgstr "Ta emot saknade objekt från annat arkiv"
+
+#: command-list.h:95
+msgid "Rewrite branches"
+msgstr "Skriv om grenar"
+
+#: command-list.h:96
+msgid "Produce a merge commit message"
+msgstr "Skapa incheckningsmeddelande för en sammanslagning"
+
+#: command-list.h:97
+msgid "Output information on each ref"
+msgstr "Visa information för varje referens"
+
+#: command-list.h:98
+msgid "Prepare patches for e-mail submission"
+msgstr "Förbered patchar för insändning via e-post"
+
+#: command-list.h:99
+msgid "Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database"
+msgstr "Bekräftar konnektivitet och validitet för objektet i databasen"
+
+#: command-list.h:100
+msgid "Cleanup unnecessary files and optimize the local repository"
+msgstr "Städa onödiga filer och optimera det lokala arkivet"
+
+#: command-list.h:101
+msgid "Extract commit ID from an archive created using git-archive"
+msgstr "Hämta inchecknings-ID från ett arkiv skapat med git-archive"
+
+#: command-list.h:102
 msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
 msgstr "Visa rader som motsvarar mönster"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:17
+#: command-list.h:103
+msgid "A portable graphical interface to Git"
+msgstr "Ett portabelt grafiskt gränssnitt för Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:104
+msgid "Compute object ID and optionally creates a blob from a file"
+msgstr "Beräkna objekt-ID och möjligen skapa en blob från en fil"
+
+#: command-list.h:105
+msgid "Display help information about Git"
+msgstr "Visa hjälpinformation om Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:106
+msgid "Server side implementation of Git over HTTP"
+msgstr "Serversideimplementation av Git över HTTP"
+
+#: command-list.h:107
+msgid "Download from a remote Git repository via HTTP"
+msgstr "Hämta objekt och referenser från annat Git-arkiv över HTTP"
+
+#: command-list.h:108
+msgid "Push objects over HTTP/DAV to another repository"
+msgstr "Sänd objekt över HTTP/DAV till ett annat arkiv"
+
+#: command-list.h:109
+msgid "Send a collection of patches from stdin to an IMAP folder"
+msgstr "Sänd en samling patchar från stdin till en IMAP-mapp"
+
+#: command-list.h:110
+msgid "Build pack index file for an existing packed archive"
+msgstr "SKapa pack-indexfiler för ett befintligt packat arkiv"
+
+#: command-list.h:111
 msgid "Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
 msgstr "Skapa tomt Git-arkiv eller ominitiera ett befintligt"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:18
+#: command-list.h:112
+msgid "Instantly browse your working repository in gitweb"
+msgstr "Omedelbart bläddra i din arbetskatalog med gitweb"
+
+#: command-list.h:113
+msgid "add or parse structured information in commit messages"
+msgstr ""
+"lägg till eller tolka strukturerad information i incheckningsmeddelanden"
+
+#: command-list.h:114
+msgid "The Git repository browser"
+msgstr "Bläddraren för Git-arkiv"
+
+#: command-list.h:115
 msgid "Show commit logs"
 msgstr "Visa incheckningsloggar"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:19
+#: command-list.h:116
+msgid "Show information about files in the index and the working tree"
+msgstr "Visa information om filer i indexet och arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: command-list.h:117
+msgid "List references in a remote repository"
+msgstr "Lista referenser i ett fjärrarkiv"
+
+#: command-list.h:118
+msgid "List the contents of a tree object"
+msgstr "Visa innehållet i ett trädobjekt"
+
+#: command-list.h:119
+msgid "Extracts patch and authorship from a single e-mail message"
+msgstr "Hämta patch och ägarskap från ett enkelt e-postmeddelande"
+
+#: command-list.h:120
+msgid "Simple UNIX mbox splitter program"
+msgstr "Enkelt program för att dela en UNIX mbox"
+
+#: command-list.h:121
 msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
 msgstr "Slå ihop två eller flera utvecklingshistorier"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:20
+#: command-list.h:122
+msgid "Find as good common ancestors as possible for a merge"
+msgstr "Hitta en så bra anfader som möjligt för sammanslagning"
+
+#: command-list.h:123
+msgid "Run a three-way file merge"
+msgstr "Kör en trevägs-filsammanslagning"
+
+#: command-list.h:124
+msgid "Run a merge for files needing merging"
+msgstr "Kör en sammanslagning för filer som behöver det"
+
+#: command-list.h:125
+msgid "The standard helper program to use with git-merge-index"
+msgstr "Förvalt hjälpprogram att använda tillsammans med git-merge-index"
+
+#: command-list.h:126
+msgid "Run merge conflict resolution tools to resolve merge conflicts"
+msgstr "Kör verktyg för lösning av sammanslagningskonflikter"
+
+#: command-list.h:127
+msgid "Show three-way merge without touching index"
+msgstr "Visa trevägssammanslagning utan att röra indexet"
+
+#: command-list.h:128
+msgid "Creates a tag object"
+msgstr "Skapar ett taggobjekt"
+
+#: command-list.h:129
+msgid "Build a tree-object from ls-tree formatted text"
+msgstr "Bygg ett trädobjekt från ls-tree-formaterad text"
+
+#: command-list.h:130
 msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
 msgstr "Flytta eller byt namn på en fil, katalog eller symbolisk länk"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:21
+#: command-list.h:131
+msgid "Find symbolic names for given revs"
+msgstr "Hitta symboliska namn för givna referenser"
+
+#: command-list.h:132
+msgid "Add or inspect object notes"
+msgstr "Lägg till eller inspektera objektanteckningar"
+
+#: command-list.h:133
+msgid "Import from and submit to Perforce repositories"
+msgstr "Importera från eller sänd till Perforce-arkiv"
+
+#: command-list.h:134
+msgid "Create a packed archive of objects"
+msgstr "Skapa ett packat arkiv med objekt"
+
+#: command-list.h:135
+msgid "Find redundant pack files"
+msgstr "Hitta redundanta pack-filer"
+
+#: command-list.h:136
+msgid "Pack heads and tags for efficient repository access"
+msgstr "Packa huvuden och taggar för effektiv arkivåtkomst"
+
+#: command-list.h:137
+msgid "Routines to help parsing remote repository access parameters"
+msgstr ""
+"Rutiner för att göra det lättare att tolka åtkomstparametrar för fjärrarkiv"
+
+#: command-list.h:138
+msgid "Compute unique ID for a patch"
+msgstr "Beräkna unik ID för en patch"
+
+#: command-list.h:139
+msgid "Prune all unreachable objects from the object database"
+msgstr "Ta bort alla onåbara objekt från objektdatabasen"
+
+#: command-list.h:140
+msgid "Remove extra objects that are already in pack files"
+msgstr "Ta bort extraobjekt som redan finns i pack-filerna"
+
+#: command-list.h:141
 msgid "Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch"
 msgstr "Hämta från och integrera med annat arkiv eller en lokal gren"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:22
+#: command-list.h:142
 msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
 msgstr "Uppdatera fjärr-referenser och tillhörande objekt"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:23
-msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
-msgstr "Framåtanpassa lokala kommandon på uppdaterat uppströmshuvud"
+#: command-list.h:143
+msgid "Applies a quilt patchset onto the current branch"
+msgstr "Tillämpar en quilt-patchuppsättning på aktiv gren"
+
+#: command-list.h:144
+msgid "Reads tree information into the index"
+msgstr "Läser trädinformation in i indexet"
+
+#: command-list.h:145
+msgid "Reapply commits on top of another base tip"
+msgstr "Applicera incheckningar på nytt ovanpå en annan bastopp"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:24
+#: command-list.h:146
+msgid "Receive what is pushed into the repository"
+msgstr "Ta emot det som sänds till arkivet"
+
+#: command-list.h:147
+msgid "Manage reflog information"
+msgstr "Hantera referenslogg-information"
+
+#: command-list.h:148
+msgid "Manage set of tracked repositories"
+msgstr "Hantera uppsättningen spårade arkiv"
+
+#: command-list.h:149
+msgid "Pack unpacked objects in a repository"
+msgstr "Packa opackade objekt i ett arkiv"
+
+#: command-list.h:150
+msgid "Create, list, delete refs to replace objects"
+msgstr "Skapa, visa, ta bort referenser för att ersätta objekt"
+
+#: command-list.h:151
+msgid "Generates a summary of pending changes"
+msgstr "Skapar en sammanfattning av väntande ändringar"
+
+#: command-list.h:152
+msgid "Reuse recorded resolution of conflicted merges"
+msgstr "Återanvänd sparad lösning av sammanslagningskonflikter"
+
+#: command-list.h:153
 msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
 msgstr "Återställ aktuell HEAD till angivet tillstånd"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:25
+#: command-list.h:154
+msgid "Revert some existing commits"
+msgstr "Återställ några befintliga incheckningar"
+
+#: command-list.h:155
+msgid "Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order"
+msgstr "Visa incheckningsobjekt i omvänd kronologisk ordning"
+
+#: command-list.h:156
+msgid "Pick out and massage parameters"
+msgstr "Plocka ut och massera parametrar"
+
+#: command-list.h:157
 msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
 msgstr "Ta bort filer från arbetskatalogen och från indexet"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:26
+#: command-list.h:158
+msgid "Send a collection of patches as emails"
+msgstr "Sänd en uppsättning patchar som e-post"
+
+#: command-list.h:159
+msgid "Push objects over Git protocol to another repository"
+msgstr "Sänd objekt över Git-protokollet till annat arkiv"
+
+#: command-list.h:160
+msgid "Restricted login shell for Git-only SSH access"
+msgstr "Begränsat inloggningsskal för SSH-åtkomst till bara Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:161
+msgid "Summarize 'git log' output"
+msgstr "Summera \"git log\"-utdata"
+
+#: command-list.h:162
 msgid "Show various types of objects"
 msgstr "Visa olika sorters objekt"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:27
+#: command-list.h:163
+msgid "Show branches and their commits"
+msgstr "Visa grenar och deras incheckningar"
+
+#: command-list.h:164
+msgid "Show packed archive index"
+msgstr "Skapa packat arkivindex"
+
+#: command-list.h:165
+msgid "List references in a local repository"
+msgstr "Visa referenser i ett lokalt arkiv"
+
+#: command-list.h:166
+msgid "Git's i18n setup code for shell scripts"
+msgstr "Git:s i18n-startkod för skalskript"
+
+#: command-list.h:167
+msgid "Common Git shell script setup code"
+msgstr "Gemensam skriptstartkod för Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:168
+msgid "Stash the changes in a dirty working directory away"
+msgstr "Spara undan ändringar i en lortig arbetskatalog"
+
+#: command-list.h:169
+msgid "Add file contents to the staging area"
+msgstr "Lägg filinnehållet till indexet"
+
+#: command-list.h:170
 msgid "Show the working tree status"
 msgstr "Visa status för arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:28
-msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
-msgstr "Skapa, visa, ta bort eller verifiera GPG-signerat taggobjekt"
+#: command-list.h:171
+msgid "Remove unnecessary whitespace"
+msgstr "Ta bort onödiga blanksteg"
 
-#: parse-options.h:143
-msgid "expiry-date"
-msgstr "giltig-till"
+#: command-list.h:172
+msgid "Initialize, update or inspect submodules"
+msgstr "Initiera, uppdatera eller inspektera undermoduler"
 
-#: parse-options.h:158
-msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
-msgstr "ingen funktion (bakåtkompatibilitet)"
+#: command-list.h:173
+msgid "Bidirectional operation between a Subversion repository and Git"
+msgstr "Dubbelriktad verkan mellan ett Subversion-arkiv och Git"
 
-#: parse-options.h:232
-msgid "be more verbose"
-msgstr "var mer pratsam"
+#: command-list.h:174
+msgid "Read, modify and delete symbolic refs"
+msgstr "Läs, modifiera eller ta bort symbolisk referens"
 
-#: parse-options.h:234
-msgid "be more quiet"
-msgstr "var mer tyst"
+#: command-list.h:175
+msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
+msgstr "Skapa, visa, ta bort eller verifiera GPG-signerat taggobjekt"
 
-#: parse-options.h:240
-msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
-msgstr "använd <n> siffror för att visa SHA-1:or"
+#: command-list.h:176
+msgid "Creates a temporary file with a blob's contents"
+msgstr "Skapar temporära filer med innehållet från en blob"
 
-#: rerere.h:27
-msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
-msgstr "uppdatera indexet med återanvänd konfliktlösning om möjligt"
+#: command-list.h:177
+msgid "Unpack objects from a packed archive"
+msgstr "Packa upp objekt från ett pakat arkiv"
 
-#: git-am.sh:53
-msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
-msgstr "Du måste ställa in din incheckarinformation först"
+#: command-list.h:178
+msgid "Register file contents in the working tree to the index"
+msgstr "Registrera filinnehållet från arbetskatalogen i indexet"
 
-#: git-am.sh:98
-msgid ""
-"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
-"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
-msgstr ""
-"Du verkar ha flyttat HEAD sedan \"am\" sist misslyckades.\n"
-"Återställer inte till ORIG_HEAD"
+#: command-list.h:179
+msgid "Update the object name stored in a ref safely"
+msgstr "Uppdatera objektnamnet i en referens på ett säkert sätt"
 
-#: git-am.sh:108
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"When you have resolved this problem, run \"$cmdline --continue\".\n"
-"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"$cmdline --skip\" instead.\n"
-"To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
-msgstr ""
-"När du har löst problemet kör du \"$cmdline --continue\".\n"
-"Om du vill hoppa över patchen kör du istället \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
-"För att återställa originalgrenen och avbryta kör du \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+#: command-list.h:180
+msgid "Update auxiliary info file to help dumb servers"
+msgstr "Uppdatera tilläggsinfofil för att hjälpa dumma servrar"
 
-#: git-am.sh:124
-msgid "Cannot fall back to three-way merge."
-msgstr "Kan inte falla tillbaka på trevägssammanslagning."
+#: command-list.h:181
+msgid "Send archive back to git-archive"
+msgstr "Sänd arkivet tillbaka till git-archive"
 
-#: git-am.sh:140
-msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
-msgstr ""
-"Arkivet saknar objekt som behövs för att falla tillbaka på 3-"
-"vägssammanslagning."
+#: command-list.h:182
+msgid "Send objects packed back to git-fetch-pack"
+msgstr "Sänd packade objekt tillbaka till git-fetch-pack"
 
-#: git-am.sh:142
-msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
-msgstr "Använder indexinfo för att återskapa ett basträd..."
+#: command-list.h:183
+msgid "Show a Git logical variable"
+msgstr "Visa en logisk Git-variabel"
 
-#: git-am.sh:157
-msgid ""
-"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
-"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
-msgstr ""
-"Har du handredigerat din patch?\n"
-"Den kan inte tillämpas på blobbar som antecknats i dess index."
+#: command-list.h:184
+msgid "Check the GPG signature of commits"
+msgstr "Kontrollera GPG-signaturer för incheckningar"
 
-#: git-am.sh:166
-msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
-msgstr ""
-"Faller tillbaka på att patcha grundversionen och trevägssammanslagning..."
+#: command-list.h:185
+msgid "Validate packed Git archive files"
+msgstr "Bekräfta packade Git-arkivfiler"
 
-#: git-am.sh:182
-msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
-msgstr "Misslyckades slå ihop ändringarna."
+#: command-list.h:186
+msgid "Check the GPG signature of tags"
+msgstr "Kontrollera GPG-signaturer i taggar"
 
-#: git-am.sh:277
-msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
-msgstr "Endast en StGIT-patchserie kan tillämpas åt gången"
+#: command-list.h:187
+msgid "Git web interface (web frontend to Git repositories)"
+msgstr "Git-webbgränssnitt (webbframända för Git-arkiv)"
 
-#: git-am.sh:364
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
-msgstr "Patchformatet $patch_format stöds inte."
+#: command-list.h:188
+msgid "Show logs with difference each commit introduces"
+msgstr "Visa loggar med differenser varje incheckning introducerar"
 
-#: git-am.sh:366
-msgid "Patch format detection failed."
-msgstr "Misslyckades detektera patchformat."
+#: command-list.h:189
+msgid "Manage multiple working trees"
+msgstr "Hantera ytterligare arbetskataloger"
 
-#: git-am.sh:398
-msgid ""
-"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
-"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
-msgstr ""
-"Flaggan -b/--binary har varit utan funktion länge, och\n"
-"kommer tas bort. Vi ber dig att inte använda den längre."
+#: command-list.h:190
+msgid "Create a tree object from the current index"
+msgstr "Skapa ett trädobjekt från aktuellt index"
 
-#: git-am.sh:496
-#, sh-format
-msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
-msgstr "tidigare rebase-katalog $dotest finns fortfarande, men mbox angavs."
+#: command-list.h:191
+msgid "Defining attributes per path"
+msgstr "Definierar attribut per sökväg"
 
-#: git-am.sh:501
-msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
-msgstr "Bestäm dig. --skip eller --abort?"
+#: command-list.h:192
+msgid "Git command-line interface and conventions"
+msgstr "Gits kommandoradsgränssnitt och -konventioner"
 
-#: git-am.sh:537
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Stray $dotest directory found.\n"
-"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
-msgstr ""
-"Kvarbliven katalog $dotest hittades.\n"
-"Använd \"git am --abort\" för att ta bort den."
+#: command-list.h:193
+msgid "A Git core tutorial for developers"
+msgstr "Grundläggande Git-handledning för utvecklare"
 
-#: git-am.sh:545
-msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
-msgstr "Lösningsoperation pågår inte, vi återupptar inte."
+#: command-list.h:194
+msgid "Git for CVS users"
+msgstr "Git för CVS-användare"
 
-#: git-am.sh:612
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
-msgstr "Smutsigt index: kan inte tillämpa patchar (smutsiga: $files)"
+#: command-list.h:195
+msgid "Tweaking diff output"
+msgstr "Justrea diff-utdata"
 
-#: git-am.sh:722
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?\n"
-"If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
-"To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
-msgstr ""
-"Patchen är tom. Delades den upp felaktigt?\n"
-"Om du vill hoppa över patchen kör du istället \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
-"För att återställa originalgrenen och avbryta kör du \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+#: command-list.h:196
+msgid "A useful minimum set of commands for Everyday Git"
+msgstr "Ett användbart minsta uppsättning kommandon för vardags-Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:749
-msgid "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
-msgstr "Patchen har inte någon giltig e-postadress."
+#: command-list.h:197
+msgid "A Git Glossary"
+msgstr "En Git-ordlista"
 
-#: git-am.sh:796
-msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
-msgstr ""
-"kan inte vara interaktiv om standard in inte är ansluten till en terminal."
+#: command-list.h:198
+msgid "Hooks used by Git"
+msgstr "Krokar som används av Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:800
-msgid "Commit Body is:"
-msgstr "Incheckningskroppen är:"
+#: command-list.h:199
+msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
+msgstr "Ange avsiktligen ospårade filer att ignorera"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
-#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
-#. input at this point.
-#: git-am.sh:807
-msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
-msgstr "Tillämpa? Y=ja/N=nej/E=redigera/V=visa patch/A=godta alla "
+#: command-list.h:200
+msgid "Defining submodule properties"
+msgstr "Ange egenskaper för undermoduler"
 
-#: git-am.sh:843
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
-msgstr "Tillämpar: $FIRSTLINE"
+#: command-list.h:201
+msgid "Git namespaces"
+msgstr "Git-namnrymder"
 
-#: git-am.sh:864
-msgid ""
-"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
-"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
-"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
-msgstr ""
-"Inga ändringar - glömde du använda \"git add\"?\n"
-"Om det inte är något kvar att köa kan det hända att något annat redan\n"
-"introducerat samma ändringar; kanske du bör hoppa över patchen."
+#: command-list.h:202
+msgid "Git Repository Layout"
+msgstr "Gits arkivlayout"
 
-#: git-am.sh:872
-msgid ""
-"You still have unmerged paths in your index\n"
-"did you forget to use 'git add'?"
-msgstr ""
-"Du har fortfarande sökvägar som inte slagits samman i ditt index\n"
-"glömde du använda \"git add\"?"
+#: command-list.h:203
+msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
+msgstr "Ange versioner och intervall i Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:888
-msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
-msgstr "Inga ändringar -- Patchen har redan tillämpats."
+#: command-list.h:204
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git: part two"
+msgstr "Introduktion till Git: del två"
 
-#: git-am.sh:898
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
-msgstr "Patchen misslyckades vid $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+#: command-list.h:205
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git"
+msgstr "Introduktion till Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:901
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"The copy of the patch that failed is found in:\n"
-"   $dotest/patch"
-msgstr ""
-"En kopia av patchen som misslyckades finns i:\n"
-"   $dotest/patch"
+#: command-list.h:206
+msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
+msgstr "Översikt över rekommenderade arbetsflöden med Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:919
-msgid "applying to an empty history"
-msgstr "tillämpar på en tom historik"
+#: rerere.h:40
+msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
+msgstr "uppdatera indexet med återanvänd konfliktlösning om möjligt"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:48
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
 msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
 msgstr "Du måste starta med \"git bisect start\""
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:54
+#: git-bisect.sh:60
 msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
-msgstr "Vill du att jag ska göra det åt dig [Y=ja/N=nej]?"
+msgstr "Vill du att jag ska göra det åt dig [Y=ja/N=nej]? "
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#: git-bisect.sh:121
 #, sh-format
 msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
 msgstr "flaggan känns inte igen: \"$arg\""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#: git-bisect.sh:125
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
 msgstr "\"$arg\" verkar inte vara en giltig revision"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:117
+#: git-bisect.sh:154
 msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
 msgstr "Felaktigt HEAD - Jag behöver ett HEAD"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#: git-bisect.sh:167
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <valid-branch>'."
 msgstr ""
 "Misslyckades checka ut \"$start_head\". Försök \"git bisect reset "
-"<giltiggren>\""
+"<giltig_gren>�."
 
 # cogito-relaterat
-#: git-bisect.sh:140
+#: git-bisect.sh:177
 msgid "won't bisect on cg-seek'ed tree"
 msgstr "kör inte \"bisect\" på träd där \"cg-seek\" använts"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:144
+#: git-bisect.sh:181
 msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
 msgstr "Felaktigt HEAD - konstig symbolisk referens"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#: git-bisect.sh:233
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
 msgstr "Felaktigt argument till bisect_write: $state"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#: git-bisect.sh:246
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
 msgstr "Felaktig rev-indata: $arg"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:232
-msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
-msgstr "Anropa \"bisect_state\" med minst ett argument."
+#: git-bisect.sh:265
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $bisected_head"
+msgstr "Felaktig rev-indata: $bisected_head"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#: git-bisect.sh:274
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
 msgstr "Felaktig rev-indata: $rev"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:253
-msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
-msgstr "\"git bisect bad\" kan bara ta ett argument."
+#: git-bisect.sh:283
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' can take only one argument."
+msgstr "\"git bisect $TERM_BAD\" kan bara ta ett argument."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:276
-msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a bad commit."
-msgstr "Varning: utför \"bisect\" med endast en dålig incheckning"
+#: git-bisect.sh:306
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a $TERM_BAD commit."
+msgstr ""
+"Varning: utför \"bisect\" med endast en dålig (\"$TERM_BAD\") incheckning."
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:282
+#: git-bisect.sh:312
 msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
 msgstr "Är du säker [Y=ja/N=nej]? "
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:292
+#: git-bisect.sh:324
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"You need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.\n"
-"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+"You need to give me at least one $bad_syn and one $good_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
-"Du måste ange åtminstone en bra och en dålig version.\n"
-"(Du kan använda \"git bisect bad\" och \"git bisect good\" för detta.)"
+"Du måste ange åtminstone en dålig (\"$bad_syn\") och en bra (\"$good_syn\") "
+"version.\n"
+"(Du kan använda \"git bisect $bad_syn\" och \"git bisect $good_syn\" för "
+"detta.)"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:295
+#: git-bisect.sh:327
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
-"You then need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.\n"
-"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+"You then need to give me at least one $good_syn and one $bad_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
 "Du måste starta med \"git bisect start\".\n"
-"Du måste sedan ange åtminstone en bra och en dålig version.\n"
-"(Du kan använda \"git bisect bad\" och \"git bisect good\" för detta.)"
+"Du måste sedan ange åtminstone en bra (\"$good_syn\") och en dålig "
+"(\"$bad_syn\") version.\n"
+"(Du kan använda \"git bisect $bad_syn\" och \"git bisect $good_syn\" för "
+"detta.)"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:366 git-bisect.sh:493
+#: git-bisect.sh:398 git-bisect.sh:512
 msgid "We are not bisecting."
 msgstr "Vi utför ingen bisect för tillfället."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:373
+#: git-bisect.sh:405
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
 msgstr "\"$invalid\" är inte en giltig incheckning"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:382
+#: git-bisect.sh:414
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
@@ -10409,25 +16186,29 @@ msgstr ""
 "Kunde inte checka ut original-HEAD \"$branch\".\n"
 "Försök \"git bisect reset <incheckning>\"."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:409
+#: git-bisect.sh:422
 msgid "No logfile given"
 msgstr "Ingen loggfil angiven"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:410
+#: git-bisect.sh:423
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
 msgstr "kan inte läsa $file för uppspelning"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#: git-bisect.sh:444
 msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
 msgstr "?? vad menar du?"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:439
+#: git-bisect.sh:453
+msgid "bisect run failed: no command provided."
+msgstr "bisect-körning misslyckades: inget kommando gavs."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:458
 #, sh-format
 msgid "running $command"
 msgstr "kör $command"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:446
+#: git-bisect.sh:465
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
@@ -10436,11 +16217,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "\"bisect\"-körningen misslyckades:\n"
 "felkod $res från \"$command\" är < 0 eller >= 128"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:472
+#: git-bisect.sh:491
 msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
 msgstr "\"bisect\"-körningen kan inte fortsätta längre"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:478
+#: git-bisect.sh:497
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
@@ -10449,110 +16230,118 @@ msgstr ""
 "\"bisect\"-körningen misslyckades:\n"
 "\"bisect_state $state\" avslutades med felkoden $res"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:485
+#: git-bisect.sh:504
 msgid "bisect run success"
 msgstr "\"bisect\"-körningen lyckades"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:21
-msgid ""
-"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
-"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
-"as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
+#: git-bisect.sh:533
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Invalid command: you're currently in a $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD bisect."
 msgstr ""
-"Du kan inte göra en \"pull\" då du har ändringar som inte checkats in.\n"
-"Rätta dem i din arbetskatalog och använd sedan \"git add/rm <fil>\"\n"
-"där det är lämpligt för att ange lösning och checka in."
+"Ogiltigt kommando: du utför just nu en \"bisect\" med $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:25
-msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
-msgstr "Du kan inte göra en \"pull\" då du har ändringar som inte checkats in."
+#: git-bisect.sh:567
+msgid "no terms defined"
+msgstr "inga termer angivna"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:31
+#: git-bisect.sh:584
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
-"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+"invalid argument $arg for 'git bisect terms'.\n"
+"Supported options are: --term-good|--term-old and --term-bad|--term-new."
 msgstr ""
-"Du har inte avslutat sammanslagningen (MERGE_HEAD finns).\n"
-"Checka in dina ändringar innan du kan slå ihop."
-
-#: git-pull.sh:245
-msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
-msgstr "uppdaterar en ofödd gren med ändringar som lagts till i indexet"
+"ogiltigt argument $arg för \"git bisect terms\".\n"
+"Flaggor som stöds är: --term-good|--term-old och --term-bad|--term-new."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:269
-#, sh-format
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:46
 msgid ""
-"Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
-"Warning: fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
-"Warning: commit $orig_head."
+"Error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by "
+"merge"
 msgstr ""
-"Varning: fetch uppdaterade huvudet för aktuell gren.\n"
-"Varning: snabbspolar din arbetskatalog från\n"
-"Varning: incheckningen $orig_head."
+"Fel: Dina lokala ändringar av följande filer skulle skrivas över av "
+"sammanslagning"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:294
-msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
-msgstr "Kan inte slå ihop flera grenar i ett tomt huvud."
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:61
+msgid "Automated merge did not work."
+msgstr "Automatisk sammanslagning misslyckades."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:62
+msgid "Should not be doing an octopus."
+msgstr "Borde inte använda octopus."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:73
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find common commit with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Kunde inte hitta gemensam incheckning med $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:77
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Already up to date with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Redan à jour med $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding to: $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Snabbspolar till: $pretty_name"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:298
-msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
-msgstr "Kan inte utföra en \"rebase\" ovanpå flera grenar"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:97
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Trying simple merge with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Försök enkel sammanslagning med $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:102
+msgid "Simple merge did not work, trying automatic merge."
+msgstr "Enkel sammanslagning misslyckades, försöker automatisk sammanslagning."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:57
+#: git-rebase.sh:61
 msgid ""
-"When you have resolved this problem, run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
-"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"git rebase --skip\" instead.\n"
-"To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run \"git rebase --abort"
-"\"."
+"Resolve all conflicts manually, mark them as resolved with\n"
+"\"git add/rm <conflicted_files>\", then run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"You can instead skip this commit: run \"git rebase --skip\".\n"
+"To abort and get back to the state before \"git rebase\", run \"git rebase --"
+"abort\"."
 msgstr ""
-"När du har löst problemet kör du \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
-"Om du vill hoppa över patchen kör du istället \"git rebase --skip\".\n"
-"För att återställa originalgrenen och avbryta kör du \"git rebase --abort\"."
+"Lös alla konflikter manuellt, märk dem som lösta med\n"
+"\"git add/rm <filer_i_konflikt>\", kör sedan \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"Du kan hoppa över incheckningen istället: kör \"git rebase --skip\".\n"
+"För att avbryta och återgå till där du var före ombaseringen, kör \"git "
+"rebase --abort\"."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:165
+#: git-rebase.sh:173 git-rebase.sh:442
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
+msgstr "Kunde inte flytta tillbaka till $head_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:184
 msgid "Applied autostash."
 msgstr "Tillämpade autostash."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:168
+#: git-rebase.sh:187
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Cannot store $stash_sha1"
 msgstr "Kan inte spara $stash_sha1"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:169
-msgid ""
-"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
-"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
-"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Tillämpning av autostash gav konflikter.\n"
-"Dina ändringar är säkra i stashen.\n"
-"Du kan när som helst använda \"git stash pop\" eller \"git stash drop\".\n"
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:208
+#: git-rebase.sh:229
 msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
 msgstr "Kroken pre-rebase vägrade ombaseringen."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:213
-msgid "It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase."
-msgstr "Det verkar som en git-am körs. Kan inte ombasera."
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:351
-msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
-msgstr "Flaggan --exec måste användas tillsammans med flaggan --interactive"
+#: git-rebase.sh:234
+msgid "It looks like 'git am' is in progress. Cannot rebase."
+msgstr "Det verkar som en \"git am\" körs. Kan inte ombasera."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:356
+#: git-rebase.sh:403
 msgid "No rebase in progress?"
 msgstr "Ingen ombasering pågår?"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:367
+#: git-rebase.sh:414
 msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
 msgstr "Åtgärden --edit-todo kan endast användas under interaktiv ombasering."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:374
+#: git-rebase.sh:421
 msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
 msgstr "Kan inte läsa HEAD"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:377
+#: git-rebase.sh:424
 msgid ""
 "You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
 "mark them as resolved using git add"
@@ -10560,12 +16349,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Du måste redigera alla sammanslagningskonflikter och\n"
 "därefter markera dem som lösta med git add"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:395
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
-msgstr "Kunde inte flytta tillbaka till $head_name"
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:414
+#: git-rebase.sh:468
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
@@ -10586,239 +16370,249 @@ msgstr ""
 "och kör programmet igen. Jag avslutar ifall du fortfarande har\n"
 "något av värde där."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:465
+#: git-rebase.sh:509
+msgid "error: cannot combine '--signoff' with '--preserve-merges'"
+msgstr "fel: kan inte kombinera \"--signoff\" med \"--preserve-merges\""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:537
 #, sh-format
-msgid "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
-msgstr "ogiltig uppström $upstream_name"
+msgid "invalid upstream '$upstream_name'"
+msgstr "ogiltig uppström \"$upstream_name\""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:489
+#: git-rebase.sh:561
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
 msgstr "$onto_name: mer än en sammanslagningsbas finns"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:492 git-rebase.sh:496
+#: git-rebase.sh:564 git-rebase.sh:568
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
 msgstr "$onto_name: ingen sammanslagningsbas finns"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:501
+#: git-rebase.sh:573
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
 msgstr "Peka på en giltig incheckning: $onto_name"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:524
+#: git-rebase.sh:599
 #, sh-format
-msgid "fatal: no such branch: $branch_name"
-msgstr "ödesdigert: ingen sådan gren: $branch_name"
+msgid "fatal: no such branch/commit '$branch_name'"
+msgstr "ödesdigert: ingen sådan gren/incheckning: $branch_name"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:557
+#: git-rebase.sh:632
 msgid "Cannot autostash"
 msgstr "Kan inte utföra \"autostash\""
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:562
+#: git-rebase.sh:637
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Created autostash: $stash_abbrev"
 msgstr "Skapade autostash: $stash_abbrev"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:566
+#: git-rebase.sh:641
 msgid "Please commit or stash them."
 msgstr "Checka in eller använd \"stash\" på dem."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:586
+#: git-rebase.sh:664
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date."
+msgstr "HEAD är à jour."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:666
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
 msgstr "Aktuell gren $branch_name är à jour."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:590
+#: git-rebase.sh:674
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr "HEAD är à jour, ombasering framtvingad."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:676
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
 msgstr "Aktuell gren $branch_name är à jour, ombasering framtvingad."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:601
+#: git-rebase.sh:688
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
 msgstr "Ändringar från $mb till $onto:"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:610
+#: git-rebase.sh:697
 msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
 msgstr ""
 "Först, spolar tillbaka huvudet för att spela av ditt arbete ovanpå det..."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:620
+#: git-rebase.sh:707
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
 msgstr "Snabbspolade $branch_name till $onto_name."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:51
+#: git-stash.sh:61
 msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
 msgstr "\"git stash clear\" med parametrar har inte implementerats"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:74
+#: git-stash.sh:108
 msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
 msgstr "Du har inte den första incheckningen ännu"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:89
+#: git-stash.sh:123
 msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
 msgstr "Kan inte spara aktuellt tillstånd för indexet"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:124 git-stash.sh:137
+#: git-stash.sh:138
+msgid "Cannot save the untracked files"
+msgstr "Kan inte spara ospårade filer"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:158 git-stash.sh:171
 msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
 msgstr "Kan inte spara aktuellt tillstånd för arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:141
+#: git-stash.sh:175
 msgid "No changes selected"
 msgstr "Inga ändringar valda"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:144
+#: git-stash.sh:178
 msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
 msgstr "Kan inte ta bort temporärt index (kan inte inträffa)"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:157
+#: git-stash.sh:191
 msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
 msgstr "Kan inte registrera tillstånd för arbetskatalog"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:191
+#: git-stash.sh:229
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Cannot update $ref_stash with $w_commit"
 msgstr "Kan inte uppdatera $ref_stash med $w_commit"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: $option is an invalid option, like
-#. `--blah-blah'. The 7 spaces at the beginning of the
-#. second line correspond to "error: ". So you should line
-#. up the second line with however many characters the
-#. translation of "error: " takes in your language. E.g. in
-#. English this is:
-#.
-#. $ git stash save --blah-blah 2>&1 | head -n 2
-#. error: unknown option for 'stash save': --blah-blah
-#. To provide a message, use git stash save -- '--blah-blah'
-#: git-stash.sh:238
+#: git-stash.sh:281
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
-"       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
-msgstr ""
-"fel: felaktig flagga för \"stash save\": $option\n"
-"     För att ange ett meddelande, använd git stash save -- \"$option\""
+msgid "error: unknown option for 'stash push': $option"
+msgstr "fel: okänd flagga för \"stash push\": $option"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:295
+msgid "Can't use --patch and --include-untracked or --all at the same time"
+msgstr "Kan inte använda --patch och --include-untracked eller --all samtidigt"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:259
+#: git-stash.sh:303
 msgid "No local changes to save"
 msgstr "Inga lokala ändringar att spara"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:263
+#: git-stash.sh:308
 msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
 msgstr "Kan inte initiera \"stash\""
 
-#: git-stash.sh:267
+#: git-stash.sh:312
 msgid "Cannot save the current status"
 msgstr "Kan inte spara aktuell status"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:285
+#: git-stash.sh:313
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Saved working directory and index state $stash_msg"
+msgstr "Sparade arbetskatalogen och indexstatus $stash_msg"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:342
 msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
 msgstr "Kan inte ta bort ändringar i arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:384
-msgid "No stash found."
-msgstr "Ingen \"stash\" hittades."
+#: git-stash.sh:490
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unknown option: $opt"
+msgstr "okänd flagga: $opt"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:503
+msgid "No stash entries found."
+msgstr "Inga \"stash�-poster hittades."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:391
+#: git-stash.sh:510
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
 msgstr "För många revisioner angivna: $REV"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:397
+#: git-stash.sh:525
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$reference is not a valid reference"
 msgstr "$reference är inte en giltig referens"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:425
+#: git-stash.sh:553
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
 msgstr "\"$args\" är inte en \"stash\"-liknande incheckning"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:436
+#: git-stash.sh:564
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
 msgstr "\"$args\" är inte en \"stash\"-referens"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:444
+#: git-stash.sh:572
 msgid "unable to refresh index"
 msgstr "kan inte uppdatera indexet"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:448
+#: git-stash.sh:576
 msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
 msgstr "Kan inte tillämpa en \"stash\" mitt i en sammanslagning"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:456
+#: git-stash.sh:584
 msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
 msgstr "Konflikter i indexet. Testa utan --index."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:458
+#: git-stash.sh:586
 msgid "Could not save index tree"
 msgstr "Kunde inte spara indexträd"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:492
+#: git-stash.sh:595
+msgid "Could not restore untracked files from stash entry"
+msgstr "Kunde inte återställa ospårade filer från stash-post"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:620
 msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
 msgstr "Kan inte ta bort ändrade filer ur kön"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:507
+#: git-stash.sh:635
 msgid "Index was not unstashed."
 msgstr "Indexet har inte tagits ur kön."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:530
+#: git-stash.sh:649
+msgid "The stash entry is kept in case you need it again."
+msgstr "Stash-posten behålls ifall du behöver den igen."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:658
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
 msgstr "Kastade ${REV} ($s)"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:531
+#: git-stash.sh:659
 #, sh-format
 msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
 msgstr "${REV}: Kunde inte kasta \"stash\"-post"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:539
+#: git-stash.sh:667
 msgid "No branch name specified"
 msgstr "Inget grennamn angavs"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:611
+#: git-stash.sh:746
 msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
 msgstr "(För att återställa dem, skriv \"git stash apply\")"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:95
-#, sh-format
-msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
-msgstr "kan inte ta bort en komponent från url:en \"$remoteurl\""
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:237
-#, sh-format
-msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr ""
-"Hittade ingen undermodulmappning i .gitmodules för sökvägen \"$sm_path\""
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:287
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
-msgstr "Misslyckades klona \"$url\" till undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\""
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:296
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
-msgstr "Gitkatalog \"$a\" ingår i undermodulsökvägen \"$b\" eller omvänt"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:406
+#: git-submodule.sh:188
 msgid "Relative path can only be used from the toplevel of the working tree"
 msgstr "Relativ sökväg kan endast användas från arbetskatalogens toppnivå"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:416
+#: git-submodule.sh:198
 #, sh-format
 msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
 msgstr "arkiv-URL: \"$repo\" måste vara absolut eller börja med ./|../"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:433
+#: git-submodule.sh:217
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
 msgstr "\"$sm_path\" finns redan i indexet"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:437
+#: git-submodule.sh:220
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index and is not a submodule"
+msgstr "\"$sm_path\" finns redan i indexet och är inte en undermodul"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:226
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
@@ -10827,270 +16621,2304 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Följande sökvägar ignoreras av en av dina .gitignore-filer:\n"
 "$sm_path\n"
-"Använd -f om du verkligen vill lägga till den"
+"Använd -f om du verkligen vill lägga till den."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:455
+#: git-submodule.sh:249
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
 msgstr "Lägger till befintligt arkiv i \"$sm_path\" i indexet"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:457
+#: git-submodule.sh:251
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
 msgstr "\"$sm_path\" finns redan och är inte ett giltigt git-arkiv"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:465
+#: git-submodule.sh:259
 #, sh-format
 msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
 msgstr "En git-katalog för \"$sm_name\" hittades lokalt med fjärr(ar):"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:467
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from"
-msgstr ""
-"För att återanvända den lokala git-katalogen istället för att på nytt klona "
-"från"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:469
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo"
-msgstr ""
-"använd flaggan \"--force\". Om den lokala git-katalogen inte är riktigt arkiv"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:470
+#: git-submodule.sh:261
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
+"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct "
+"repo\n"
 "or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
 "option."
 msgstr ""
-"eller om du är osäker på vad det innebär, välj nytt namn med flaggan \"--name"
-"\"."
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:472
+"Om du vill återanvända den lokala git-katalogen instället för att klona på "
+"nytt från\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"kan du använda flaggan \"--force\". Om den lokala git-katalogen inte är "
+"korrekt\n"
+"arkiv eller om du är osäker på vad det här betyder, välj ett annat namn med\n"
+"flaggan \"--name\"."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:267
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
 msgstr "Aktiverar lokal git-katalog för undermodulen \"$sm_name\" på nytt."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:484
+#: git-submodule.sh:279
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Kan inte checka ut undermodulen \"$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:489
+#: git-submodule.sh:284
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Misslyckades lägga till undermodulen \"$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:498
+#: git-submodule.sh:293
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Misslyckades registrera undermodulen \"$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:542
+#: git-submodule.sh:354
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Entering '$prefix$displaypath'"
-msgstr "GÃ¥r in i \"$prefix$displaypath\""
+msgid "Entering '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "GÃ¥r in i \"$displaypath\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:562
+#: git-submodule.sh:374
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Stopping at '$prefix$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgid "Stopping at '$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
 msgstr ""
-"Stoppar på \"$prefix$displaypath\"; skriptet returnerade en status skild "
-"från noll."
+"Stoppar på \"$displaypath\"; skriptet returnerade en status skild från noll."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:600
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Kan inte hitta aktuell revision i undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:608
+#: git-submodule.sh:610
 #, sh-format
-msgid "No url found for submodule path '$displaypath' in .gitmodules"
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Kan inte hämta i undermodulsökväg \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:615
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to find current ${remote_name}/${branch} revision in submodule path "
+"'$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
-"Hittade ingen url för undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\" i .gitmodules"
+"Kan inte hitta aktuell revision för ${remote_name}/${branch} i "
+"undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:617
+#: git-submodule.sh:633
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Misslyckades registrera url för undermodulsökväg \"$displaypath\""
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Kan inte hämta i undermodulsökväg \"$displaypath\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:619
+#: git-submodule.sh:639
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$displaypath'"
+msgid ""
+"Fetched in submodule path '$displaypath', but it did not contain $sha1. "
+"Direct fetching of that commit failed."
 msgstr ""
-"Undermodulen \"$name\" ($url) registrerad för sökvägen \"$displaypath\""
+"Hämtade i undermodulssökvägen \"$displaypath\", men den innehöll inte $sha1. "
+"Direkt hämtning av incheckningen misslyckades."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:646
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Kan inte checka ut \"$sha1\" i undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:647
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\": checkade ut \"$sha1\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:636
+#: git-submodule.sh:651
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Kan inte ombasera \"$sha1\" i undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:652
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\": ombaserade in i \"$sha1\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:657
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Kan inte slå ihop \"$sha1\" i undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:658
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\": sammanslagen i \"$sha1\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:663
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
-"Misslyckades registrera uppdateringsläge för undermodulsökväg \"$displaypath"
-"\""
+"Misslyckades köra \"$command $sha1\" i undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:664
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': '$command $sha1'"
+msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\": \"$command $sha1\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:674
+#: git-submodule.sh:695
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Use '.' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
-msgstr "Använd \".\" om du verkligen vill avinitiera alla undermoduler"
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Misslyckades rekursera in i undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:691
+#: git-submodule.sh:791
+msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
+msgstr "Flaggan --cached kan inte användas med flaggan --files"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:843
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains a .git directory"
+msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
+msgstr "oväntat läge $mod_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:863
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgstr "  Varning: $display_name innehåller inte incheckningen $sha1_src"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:866
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  Varning: $display_name innehåller inte incheckningen $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:869
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
 msgstr ""
-"Undermodulens arbetskatalog \"$displaypath\" innehåller katalogen \".git\""
+"  Varning: $display_name innehåller inte incheckningarna $sha1_src och "
+"$sha1_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:692
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:89
 #, sh-format
+msgid "See git-${cmd}(1) for details."
+msgstr "Se git-${cmd}(1) för detaljer."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:142
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Rebasing ($new_count/$total)"
+msgstr "Ombaserar ($new_count/$total)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:158
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Commands:\n"
+"p, pick <commit> = use commit\n"
+"r, reword <commit> = use commit, but edit the commit message\n"
+"e, edit <commit> = use commit, but stop for amending\n"
+"s, squash <commit> = use commit, but meld into previous commit\n"
+"f, fixup <commit> = like \"squash\", but discard this commit's log message\n"
+"x, exec <command> = run command (the rest of the line) using shell\n"
+"d, drop <commit> = remove commit\n"
+"l, label <label> = label current HEAD with a name\n"
+"t, reset <label> = reset HEAD to a label\n"
+"m, merge [-C <commit> | -c <commit>] <label> [# <oneline>]\n"
+".       create a merge commit using the original merge commit's\n"
+".       message (or the oneline, if no original merge commit was\n"
+".       specified). Use -c <commit> to reword the commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Kommandon:\n"
+"p, pick <incheckning> = använd incheckning\n"
+"r, reword <incheckning> = använd incheckning, men redigera "
+"incheckningsmeddelandet\n"
+"e, edit <incheckning> = använd incheckning, men stanna för tillägg\n"
+"s, squash <incheckning> = använd incheckning, men infoga i föregående "
+"incheckning\n"
+"f, fixup <incheckning> = som \"squash\", men förkasta "
+"incheckningsmeddelandet\n"
+"x, exec <kommando> = kör kommando (resten av raden) i skalet\n"
+"d, drop <incheckning> = ta bort incheckning\n"
+"l, label <etikett> = ge aktuellt HEAD ett namn\n"
+"t, reset <etikett> = återställ HEAD till en etikett\n"
+"m, merge [-C <incheckning> | -c <incheckning>] <etikett> [# <enrads>]\n"
+".       skapa en sammanslagning med ursprungligt meddelande (eller\n"
+".       enrads, om inget incheckningsmeddelande angavs). Använd\n"
+".       -v <incheckning> för att skriva om meddelandet.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du kan byta ordning på raderna; de utförs uppifrån och ned.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:179
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Do not remove any line. Use 'drop' explicitly to remove a commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Ta inte bort rader. Använd \"drop\" för att specifikt förkasta en "
+"incheckning.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:183
 msgid ""
-"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+"\n"
+"If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"(använd \"rm -rf\" om du verkligen vill ta bort den och all dess historik)"
+"\n"
+"Om du tar bort en rad KOMMER DEN INCHECKNINGEN ATT FÖRLORAS.\n"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:698
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:221
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains local modifications; use '-f' to "
-"discard them"
+"You can amend the commit now, with\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Once you are satisfied with your changes, run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 msgstr ""
-"Undermodulens arbetskatalog \"$displaypath\" har lokala ändringar; \"-f\" "
-"kastar bort dem"
+"Du kan utöka incheckningen nu, med\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"När du är nöjd med dina ändringar kör du\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:701
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:246
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Cleared directory '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Rensade katalogen \"$displaypath\""
+msgid "$sha1: not a commit that can be picked"
+msgstr "$sha1: inte en incheckning som kan väljas"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:702
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:285
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Kunde inte ta bort undermodulens arbetskatalog \"$displaypath\""
+msgid "Invalid commit name: $sha1"
+msgstr "Felaktigt incheckningsnamn: $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:325
+msgid "Cannot write current commit's replacement sha1"
+msgstr "Kan inte skriva ersättnings-sha1 för aktuell incheckning"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:705
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:376
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Could not create empty submodule directory '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Kunde inte skapa tom undermodulskatalog \"$displaypath\""
+msgid "Fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "Snabbspolade till $sha1"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:714
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:378
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr ""
-"Undermodulen \"$name\" ($url) avregistrerad för sökvägen \"$displaypath\""
+msgid "Cannot fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "Kan inte snabbspola till $sha1"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:830
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:387
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Submodule path '$displaypath' not initialized\n"
-"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
-msgstr ""
-"Undermodulen \"$displaypath\" har inte initierats\n"
-"Kanske du vill köra \"update --init\"?"
+msgid "Cannot move HEAD to $first_parent"
+msgstr "Kan inte flytta HEAD till $first_parent"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:392
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Kan inte hitta aktuell revision i undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\""
+msgid "Refusing to squash a merge: $sha1"
+msgstr "Vägrar utföra \"squash\" på en sammanslagning: $sha1"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:852
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:410
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Kan inte hämta i undermodulsökväg \"$sm_path\""
+msgid "Error redoing merge $sha1"
+msgstr "Fel när sammanslagningen $sha1 skulle göras om"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:876
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:419
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Kan inte hämta i undermodulsökväg \"$displaypath\""
+msgid "Could not pick $sha1"
+msgstr "Kunde inte välja $sha1"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:890
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:428
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Kan inte checka ut \"$sha1\" i undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\""
+msgid "This is the commit message #${n}:"
+msgstr "Det här är incheckningsmeddelande ${n}:"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:891
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:433
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': checked out '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\": checkade ut \"$sha1\""
+msgid "The commit message #${n} will be skipped:"
+msgstr "Incheckningsmeddelande ${n} kommer hoppas över:"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:895
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:444
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Kan inte ombasera \"$sha1\" i undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\""
+msgid "This is a combination of $count commit."
+msgid_plural "This is a combination of $count commits."
+msgstr[0] "Det här är en kombination av $count incheckning."
+msgstr[1] "Det här är en kombination av $count incheckningar."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:896
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:453
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': rebased into '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\": ombaserade in i \"$sha1\""
+msgid "Cannot write $fixup_msg"
+msgstr "Kan inte skriva $fixup_msg"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:456
+msgid "This is a combination of 2 commits."
+msgstr "Det här är en kombination av 2 incheckningar."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:901
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:497 git-rebase--interactive.sh:540
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:543
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Kan inte slå ihop \"$sha1\" i undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\""
+msgid "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
+msgstr "Kunde inte tillämpa $sha1... $rest"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:902
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:572
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': merged in '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\": sammanslagen i \"$sha1\""
+msgid ""
+"Could not amend commit after successfully picking $sha1... $rest\n"
+"This is most likely due to an empty commit message, or the pre-commit hook\n"
+"failed. If the pre-commit hook failed, you may need to resolve the issue "
+"before\n"
+"you are able to reword the commit."
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte utöka incheckning efter att ha lyckats välja $sha1... $rest\n"
+"Det är antagligen på grund av ett tomt incheckningsmeddelande, eller att\n"
+"pre-commit-kroken misslyckades. Om pre-commit-kroken misslyckades kanske\n"
+"du måste lösa problemet innan du kan skriva om incheckningsmeddelandet."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:907
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:587
 #, sh-format
+msgid "Stopped at $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+msgstr "Stoppade på $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:602
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot '$squash_style' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "Kan inte utföra \"$squash_style\" utan en föregående incheckning"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:644
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Executing: $rest"
+msgstr "Kör: $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:652
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Execution failed: $rest"
+msgstr "Körning misslyckades: $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:654
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree"
+msgstr "och gjorde ändringar till indexet och/eller arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:656
 msgid ""
-"Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule  path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+"You can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 msgstr ""
-"Misslyckades köra \"$command $sha1\" i undermodulsökvägen \"$prefix$sm_path\""
+"Du kan rätta problemet och sedan köra\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:908
+#. TRANSLATORS: after these lines is a command to be issued by the user
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:669
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': '$command $sha1'"
-msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"$prefix$sm_path\": \"$command $sha1\""
+msgid ""
+"Execution succeeded: $rest\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"Körningen lyckades: $rest\n"
+"men lämnade kvar ändringar i indexet och/eller arbetskatalogen\n"
+"Checka in eller utför \"stash\" på ändringarna och kör sedan\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:938
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:680
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Misslyckades rekursera in i undermodulsökvägen \"$displaypath\""
+msgid "Unknown command: $command $sha1 $rest"
+msgstr "Okänt kommando: $command $sha1 $rest"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1046
-msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
-msgstr "Flaggan --cached kan inte användas med flaggan --files"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:681
+msgid "Please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "Rätta det med \"git rebase --edit-todo\"."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1098
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:716
 #, sh-format
-msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
-msgstr "oväntat läge $mod_dst"
+msgid "Successfully rebased and updated $head_name."
+msgstr "Lyckades ombasera och uppdatera $head_name."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:740
+msgid "could not detach HEAD"
+msgstr "kunde inte koppla från HEAD"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1118
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:778
+msgid "Could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "Kunde inte ta bort CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:783
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
-msgstr "  Varning: $display_name innehåller inte incheckningen $sha1_src"
+msgid ""
+"You have staged changes in your working tree.\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be\n"
+"squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Du har köade ändringar i din arbetskatalog.\n"
+"Om det är meningen att ändringarna\n"
+"skall läggas in i föregående incheckning, kör:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Om de skall checkas in i en egen incheckning, kör:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Oavsett vilket, när du är färdig fortsätter du med:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:800
+msgid "Error trying to find the author identity to amend commit"
+msgstr "Fel vid försök att hitta författaridentitet för att utöka incheckning"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:805
+msgid ""
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+"Du har ändringar i arbetskatalogen som inte checkats in. Checka in dem\n"
+"först och kör sedan \"git rebase --continute\" igen."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:810 git-rebase--interactive.sh:814
+msgid "Could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "Kunde inte checka in köade ändringar."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:843
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.\n"
+"To continue rebase after editing, run:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Du redigerar \"todo\"-filen för en pågående interaktiv ombasering.\n"
+"För att forsätta ombasera efter redigeringen, kör:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1121
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:851 git-rebase--interactive.sh:937
+msgid "Could not execute editor"
+msgstr "Kunde inte starta textredigerare"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:872
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
-msgstr "  Varning: $display_name innehåller inte incheckningen $sha1_dst"
+msgid "Could not checkout $switch_to"
+msgstr "Kunde inte checka ut $switch_to"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:879
+msgid "No HEAD?"
+msgstr "Inget HEAD?"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1124
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:880
 #, sh-format
-msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgid "Could not create temporary $state_dir"
+msgstr "Kunde inte skapa temporär $state_dir"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:883
+msgid "Could not mark as interactive"
+msgstr "Kunde inte markera som interaktiv"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:915
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount command)"
+msgid_plural "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount commands)"
+msgstr[0] "Ombasera $shortrevisions på $shortonto ($todocount incheckning)"
+msgstr[1] "Ombasera $shortrevisions på $shortonto ($todocount incheckningar)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:920
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\tHowever, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.\n"
+"\n"
+"\t"
 msgstr ""
-"  Varning: $display_name innehåller inte incheckningarna $sha1_src och "
-"$sha1_dst"
+"\n"
+"\tOmbaseringen kommer dock att avbrytas om du tar bort allting.\n"
+"\n"
+"\t"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1149
-msgid "blob"
-msgstr "blob"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:927
+msgid "Note that empty commits are commented out"
+msgstr "Observera att tomma incheckningar är utkommenterade"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:980
+msgid "Could not generate todo list"
+msgstr "Kunde inte skapa todo-lista"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1001 git-rebase--interactive.sh:1006
+msgid "Could not init rewritten commits"
+msgstr "Kunde inte initiera omskrivna incheckningar"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1267
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:89 git-sh-setup.sh:94
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Misslyckades rekursera in i undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\""
+msgid "usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+msgstr "använd: $dashless $USAGE"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1331
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:190
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Synkroniserar undermodul-url för \"$displaypath\""
+msgid "Cannot chdir to $cdup, the toplevel of the working tree"
+msgstr "Kunde inte byta katalog till $cdup, toppnivån på arbetskatalogen"
 
-#~ msgid "no files added"
-#~ msgstr "inga filer har lagts till"
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:199 git-sh-setup.sh:206
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: $program_name cannot be used without a working tree."
+msgstr "ödesdigetrt: $program_name kan inte användas utan arbetskatalog."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:220
+msgid "Cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "Kan inte ombasera: Du har oköade ändringar."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:223
+msgid "Cannot rewrite branches: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "Kan inte skriva om grenar: Du har oköade ändringar."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:226
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "Kan inte hämta med ombasering: Du har oköade ändringar."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:229
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot $action: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "Kan inte $action: Du har oköade ändringar."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:242
+msgid "Cannot rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Kan inte ombasera: Ditt index innehåller ändringar som inte checkats in."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:245
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Kan inte hämta med ombasering: Ditt index innehåller oincheckade ändringar."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:248
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot $action: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Kan inte $action: Ditt index innehåller ändringar som inte checkats in."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:252
+msgid "Additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "Dessutom innehåller dit index ändringar som inte har checkats in."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:372
+msgid "You need to run this command from the toplevel of the working tree."
+msgstr "Du måste köra kommandot från arbetskatalogens toppnivå."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:377
+msgid "Unable to determine absolute path of git directory"
+msgstr "Kunde inte bestämma absolut sökväg till git-katalogen"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: you can adjust this to align "git add -i" status menu
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:196
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%12s %12s %s"
+msgstr "%12s %12s %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "staged"
+msgstr "köad"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "unstaged"
+msgstr "ej köad"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:253 git-add--interactive.perl:278
+msgid "binary"
+msgstr "binär"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:262 git-add--interactive.perl:316
+msgid "nothing"
+msgstr "ingenting"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:298 git-add--interactive.perl:313
+msgid "unchanged"
+msgstr "oändrad"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:609
+#, perl-format
+msgid "added %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "added %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "lade till %d sökväg\n"
+msgstr[1] "lade till %d sökvägar\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:612
+#, perl-format
+msgid "updated %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "updated %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "uppdaterade %d sökväg\n"
+msgstr[1] "uppdaterade %d sökvägar\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:615
+#, perl-format
+msgid "reverted %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "reverted %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "återställde %d sökväg\n"
+msgstr[1] "återställde %d sökvägar\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:618
+#, perl-format
+msgid "touched %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "touched %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "rörde %d sökväg\n"
+msgstr[1] "rörde %d sökvägar\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:627
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "Uppdatera"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:639
+msgid "Revert"
+msgstr "Återställ"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:662
+#, perl-format
+msgid "note: %s is untracked now.\n"
+msgstr "observera: %s spåras inte längre.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:673
+msgid "Add untracked"
+msgstr "Lägg till ospårad"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:679
+msgid "No untracked files.\n"
+msgstr "Inga ospårade filer.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1033
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for staging."
+msgstr ""
+"Om patchen kan appliceras rent kommer det redigerade stycket att\n"
+"köas omedelbart."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1036
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for stashing."
+msgstr ""
+"Om patchen kan appliceras rent kommer det redigerade stycket att\n"
+"läggas till i \"stash\" omedelbart."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1039
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for unstaging."
+msgstr ""
+"Om patchen kan appliceras rent kommer det redigerade stycket att\n"
+"tas bort från kön omedelbart."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1042 git-add--interactive.perl:1051
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for applying."
+msgstr ""
+"Om patchen kan appliceras rent kommer det redigerade stycket att\n"
+"markeras för applicering omedelbart."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1045 git-add--interactive.perl:1048
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for discarding."
+msgstr ""
+"Om patchen kan appliceras rent kommer det redigerade stycket att\n"
+"markeras för kasta omedelbart."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1085
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for writing: %s"
+msgstr "misslyckades öppna styckeredigeringsfil för skrivning: %s"
 
-#~ msgid "force creation (when already exists)"
-#~ msgstr "tvinga skapande (när den redan finns)"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1086
+msgid "Manual hunk edit mode -- see bottom for a quick guide.\n"
+msgstr "Manuellt styckeredigeringsläge -- se nederst för snabbguide.\n"
 
-#~ msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
-#~ msgstr "Felaktig indragningssträng: \"%s\""
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1092
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"---\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, delete them.\n"
+"Lines starting with %s will be removed.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"---\n"
+"Ta bort \"%s\" rader genom att göra dem \" \"-rader (sammanhang).\n"
+"Ta bort \"%s\" rader genom att radera dem.\n"
+"Rader som börjar med %s kommer att tas bort.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: 'it' refers to the patch mentioned in the previous messages.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1100
+msgid ""
+"If it does not apply cleanly, you will be given an opportunity to\n"
+"edit again.  If all lines of the hunk are removed, then the edit is\n"
+"aborted and the hunk is left unchanged.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Om patchen inte kan appliceras rent kommer du få en möjlighet att\n"
+"redigera den igen. Om alla rader i ett stycke tas bort avbryts\n"
+"redigeringen och stycket lämnas oförändrat.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1114
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for reading: %s"
+msgstr "misslyckades öppna styckesredigeringsfil för läsning: %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: do not translate [y/n]
+#. The program will only accept that input
+#. at this point.
+#. Consider translating (saying "no" discards!) as
+#. (saying "n" for "no" discards!) if the translation
+#. of the word "no" does not start with n.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1213
+msgid ""
+"Your edited hunk does not apply. Edit again (saying \"no\" discards!) [y/n]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Ditt redigerade stycke kan inte appliceras. Redigera igen (\"nej\" kastar!) "
+"[y/n]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1222
+msgid ""
+"y - stage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - köa stycket\n"
+"n - köa inte stycket\n"
+"q - avsluta; köa inte stycket eller något av de följande\n"
+"a - köa stycket och alla följande i filen\n"
+"d - köa inte stycket eller något av de följande i filen"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1228
+msgid ""
+"y - stash this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stash this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stash this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stash this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stash this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - \"stash\":a stycket\n"
+"n - \"stash\":a inte stycket\n"
+"q - avsluta; \"stash\":a inte stycket eller något av de följande\n"
+"a - \"stash\":a stycket och alla följande i filen\n"
+"d - \"stash\":a inte stycket eller något av de följande i filen"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1234
+msgid ""
+"y - unstage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not unstage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not unstage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - unstage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not unstage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - ta bort stycket från kön\n"
+"n - ta inte bort stycket från kön\n"
+"q - avsluta; ta inte bort stycket eller något av de följande från kön\n"
+"a - ta bort stycket och alla följande i filen från kön\n"
+"d - ta inte bort stycket eller något av de följande i filen från kön"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1240
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - applicera stycket på indexet\n"
+"n - applicera inte stycket på indexet\n"
+"q - avsluta; applicera inte stycket eller något av de följande\n"
+"a - applicera stycket och alla följande i filen\n"
+"d - applicera inte stycket eller något av de följande i filen"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1246
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - förkasta stycket från arbetskatalogen\n"
+"n - förkasta inte stycket från arbetskatalogen\n"
+"q - avsluta; förkasta inte stycket eller något av de följande\n"
+"a - förkasta stycket och alla följande i filen\n"
+"d - förkasta inte stycket eller något av de följande i filen"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1252
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - förkasta stycket från indexet och arbetskatalogen\n"
+"n - förkasta inte stycket från indexet och arbetskatalogen\n"
+"q - avsluta; förkasta inte stycket eller något av de följande\n"
+"a - förkasta stycket och alla följande i filen\n"
+"d - förkasta inte stycket eller något av de följande i filen"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1258
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - applicera stycket på indexet och arbetskatalogen\n"
+"n - applicera inte stycket på indexet och arbetskatalogen\n"
+"q - avsluta; applicera inte stycket eller något av de följande\n"
+"a - applicera stycket och alla följande i filen\n"
+"d - applicera inte stycket eller något av de följande i filen"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1273
+msgid ""
+"g - select a hunk to go to\n"
+"/ - search for a hunk matching the given regex\n"
+"j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk\n"
+"J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk\n"
+"k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk\n"
+"K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk\n"
+"s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks\n"
+"e - manually edit the current hunk\n"
+"? - print help\n"
+msgstr ""
+"g - välj ett stycke att gå till\n"
+"/ - sök efter stycke som motsvarar angivet reguljärt uttryck\n"
+"j - lämna stycket obestämt, se nästa obestämda stycke\n"
+"J - lämna stycket obestämt, se nästa stycke\n"
+"k - lämna stycket obestämt, se föregående obestämda stycke\n"
+"K - lämna stycket obestämt, se föregående stycke\n"
+"s - dela aktuellt stycke i mindre styckens\n"
+"e - redigera aktuellt stycke manuellt\n"
+"? - visa hjälp\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1304
+msgid "The selected hunks do not apply to the index!\n"
+msgstr "Markerade stycken kan inte appliceras på indexet!\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1305
+msgid "Apply them to the worktree anyway? "
+msgstr "Applicera dem på arbetskatalogen trots det? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1308
+msgid "Nothing was applied.\n"
+msgstr "Ingenting applicerades.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1319
+#, perl-format
+msgid "ignoring unmerged: %s\n"
+msgstr "ignorerar ej sammanslagen: %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1328
+msgid "Only binary files changed.\n"
+msgstr "Endast binära filer ändrade.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1330
+msgid "No changes.\n"
+msgstr "Inga ändringar.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1338
+msgid "Patch update"
+msgstr "Uppdatera patch"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1390
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Köa ändrat läge [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1391
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Köa borttagning [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1392
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Köa stycket [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1395
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Stash:a ändrat läge [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1396
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Stash:a borttagning [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1397
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Stash:a stycket [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1400
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Ta bort ändrat läge från kön [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1401
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Ta bort borttagning från kön [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1402
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Ta bort stycket från kön [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1405
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Applicera ändrat läge på indexet [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1406
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Applicera borttagning på indexet [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1407
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Applicera stycket på indexet [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1410
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Kasta ändrat läge från arbetskatalogen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1411
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Kasta borttagning från arbetskatalogen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1412
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Kasta stycket från arbetskatalogen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1415
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Kasta ändrat läge från indexet och arbetskatalogen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1416
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Kasta borttagning från indexet och arbetskatalogen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1417
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Kasta stycket från indexet och arbetskatalogen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1420
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Applicera ändrat läge på indexet och arbetskatalogen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1421
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Applicera borttagning på indexet och arbetskatalogen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1422
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Applicera stycket på indexet och arbetskatalogen [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1522
+msgid "No other hunks to goto\n"
+msgstr "Inga andra stycken att gå till\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1529
+msgid "go to which hunk (<ret> to see more)? "
+msgstr "gå till vilket stycke (<ret> för att se fler)? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1531
+msgid "go to which hunk? "
+msgstr "gå till vilket stycke? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1540
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Invalid number: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Ogiltigt siffervärde: \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1545
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sorry, only %d hunk available.\n"
+msgid_plural "Sorry, only %d hunks available.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Beklagar, det finns bara %d stycke.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Beklagar, det finns bara %d stycken.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1571
+msgid "No other hunks to search\n"
+msgstr "Inga andra stycken att söka efter\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1575
+msgid "search for regex? "
+msgstr "sök efter reguljärt uttryck? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1588
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Malformed search regexp %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "Felaktigt format på reguljärt sökuttryck %s: %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1598
+msgid "No hunk matches the given pattern\n"
+msgstr "Inga stycken motsvarar givet mönster\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1610 git-add--interactive.perl:1632
+msgid "No previous hunk\n"
+msgstr "Inget föregående stycke\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1619 git-add--interactive.perl:1638
+msgid "No next hunk\n"
+msgstr "Inget följande stycke\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1644
+msgid "Sorry, cannot split this hunk\n"
+msgstr "Beklagar, kan inte dela stycket\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1650
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Split into %d hunk.\n"
+msgid_plural "Split into %d hunks.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Dela i %d stycke.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Dela i %d stycken.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1660
+msgid "Sorry, cannot edit this hunk\n"
+msgstr "Beklagar, kan inte redigera stycket\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1706
+msgid "Review diff"
+msgstr "Granska diff"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please do not translate the command names
+#. 'status', 'update', 'revert', etc.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1725
+msgid ""
+"status        - show paths with changes\n"
+"update        - add working tree state to the staged set of changes\n"
+"revert        - revert staged set of changes back to the HEAD version\n"
+"patch         - pick hunks and update selectively\n"
+"diff          - view diff between HEAD and index\n"
+"add untracked - add contents of untracked files to the staged set of "
+"changes\n"
+msgstr ""
+"status        - visa sökvägar med ändringar\n"
+"update        - lägg arbetskatalogens tillstånd till köade ändringar\n"
+"revert        - återställ köade ändringar till HEAD-versionen\n"
+"patch         - välj och uppdatera valda stycken\n"
+"diff          - visa diff mellan HEAD och index\n"
+"add untracked - lägg till innehåll i ospårade filer till köade ändringar\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1742 git-add--interactive.perl:1747
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1750 git-add--interactive.perl:1757
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1761 git-add--interactive.perl:1767
+msgid "missing --"
+msgstr "saknad --"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1763
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unknown --patch mode: %s"
+msgstr "okänt läge för --patch: %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1769 git-add--interactive.perl:1775
+#, perl-format
+msgid "invalid argument %s, expecting --"
+msgstr "felaktigt argument %s, förväntar --"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:130
+msgid "local zone differs from GMT by a non-minute interval\n"
+msgstr "lokal zon skiljer sig från GMT med delar av minuter\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:137 git-send-email.perl:143
+msgid "local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n"
+msgstr "lokal tidszonförskjutning större än eller lika med 24 timmar\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:211 git-send-email.perl:217
+msgid "the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything"
+msgstr "textredigeringsprogrammet avslutades med fel, avbryter allting"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:294
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' contains an intermediate version of the email you were composing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\"%s\" innehåller en mellanliggande version av e-postbrevet du skrev.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:299
+#, perl-format
+msgid "'%s.final' contains the composed email.\n"
+msgstr "\"%s.final\" innehåller det skrivna brevet.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:317
+msgid "--dump-aliases incompatible with other options\n"
+msgstr "--dump-alias är inkompatibelt med andra flaggor\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:383 git-send-email.perl:638
+msgid "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+msgstr "Kan inte köra git format-patch från utanför arkivet\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:386
+msgid ""
+"`batch-size` and `relogin` must be specified together (via command-line or "
+"configuration option)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\"batch-size\" och \"relogin\" måste anges tillsammans (via kommandorad "
+"eller konfigurationsflagga)\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:456
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --suppress-cc field: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Okänt fält i --suppress-cc: \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:485
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --confirm setting: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Okänd inställning i --confirm: \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:513
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail alias with quotes is not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "varning: sendmail-alias med citationstecken stöds inte. %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:515
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `:include:` not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "varning: \":include:\" stöds inte: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:517
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `/file` or `|pipe` redirection not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "varning: omdirigering til \"/fil\" eller \"|rör\" stöds inte: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:522
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail line is not recognized: %s\n"
+msgstr "varning: sendmail-raden känns inte igen: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:604
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"File '%s' exists but it could also be the range of commits\n"
+"to produce patches for.  Please disambiguate by...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * Saying \"./%s\" if you mean a file; or\n"
+"    * Giving --format-patch option if you mean a range.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Filen \"%s\" finns men kan också vara ett incheckningsintervall\n"
+"att skapa patchar för. Gör otvetydigt genom att...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * Säga \"./%s\" om du menar en fil; eller\n"
+"    * Ange flaggan --format-patch om du menar ett intervall.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:625
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to opendir %s: %s"
+msgstr "Misslyckades utföra opendir %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:649
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"fatal: %s: %s\n"
+"warning: no patches were sent\n"
+msgstr ""
+"ödesdigert: %s: %s\n"
+"varning: inga patchar har sänts\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:660
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"No patch files specified!\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Inga patchfiler angavs!\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:673
+#, perl-format
+msgid "No subject line in %s?"
+msgstr "Ingen ärenderad i %s?"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:683
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open for writing %s: %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte öppna för skrivning %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:694
+msgid ""
+"Lines beginning in \"GIT:\" will be removed.\n"
+"Consider including an overall diffstat or table of contents\n"
+"for the patch you are writing.\n"
+"\n"
+"Clear the body content if you don't wish to send a summary.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Rader som börjar med \"GIT:\" kommer tas bort.\n"
+"Överväg att ta med en övergripande diffstatus eller\n"
+"innehållsförteckning för patchen du skriver.\n"
+"\n"
+"Rensa brevkroppen om du inte vill sända någon sammanfattning.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:718
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s: %s"
+msgstr "Misslyckades öppna %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:735
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s.final: %s"
+msgstr "Misslyckades öppna %s.final: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:778
+msgid "Summary email is empty, skipping it\n"
+msgstr "Sammanfattande brev tomt, hoppar över\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep [y/N] as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:813
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to use <%s> [y/N]? "
+msgstr "Är du säker på att du vill använda <%s> [Y=ja, N=nej]? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:868
+msgid ""
+"The following files are 8bit, but do not declare a Content-Transfer-"
+"Encoding.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Följande filer är åttabitars, men anger inte en Content-Transfer-Encoding.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:873
+msgid "Which 8bit encoding should I declare [UTF-8]? "
+msgstr "Vilken åttabitarsteckenkodning skall jag ange [UTF-8]? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:881
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"Refusing to send because the patch\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"has the template subject '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. Pass --force if you really "
+"want to send.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Vägrar sända eftersom patchen\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"har mallärendet \"*** SUBJECT HERE ***\". Använd --force om du verkligen "
+"vill sända.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:900
+msgid "To whom should the emails be sent (if anyone)?"
+msgstr "Till vem skall breven sändas (om någon)?"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:918
+#, perl-format
+msgid "fatal: alias '%s' expands to itself\n"
+msgstr "ödesdigert: aliaset \"%s\" expanderar till sig själv\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:930
+msgid "Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email (if any)? "
+msgstr ""
+"Message-ID att använda som In-Reply-To för det första brevet (om något)? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:988 git-send-email.perl:996
+#, perl-format
+msgid "error: unable to extract a valid address from: %s\n"
+msgstr "fel: kunde inte få fram en giltig adress från: %s\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [q] [d] [e] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1000
+msgid "What to do with this address? ([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit): "
+msgstr "Vad vill du göra med adressen? (q=avsluta, d=kasta, e=redigera): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1317
+#, perl-format
+msgid "CA path \"%s\" does not exist"
+msgstr "CA-sökvägen \"%s\" finns inte"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1400
+msgid ""
+"    The Cc list above has been expanded by additional\n"
+"    addresses found in the patch commit message. By default\n"
+"    send-email prompts before sending whenever this occurs.\n"
+"    This behavior is controlled by the sendemail.confirm\n"
+"    configuration setting.\n"
+"\n"
+"    For additional information, run 'git send-email --help'.\n"
+"    To retain the current behavior, but squelch this message,\n"
+"    run 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"    Kopielistan ovan har utökats av ytterligare adresser\n"
+"    funna i patchens incheckningsmeddelande. Send-email\n"
+"    frågar som standard innan sändning när detta sker.\n"
+"    Beteendet styrs av konfigurationsinställningen\n"
+"    sendemail.confirm\n"
+"\n"
+"    För ytterligare information, kör \"git send-email --help\".\n"
+"    För att behålla nuvarande beteende, men dölja detta\n"
+"    meddelande, kör \"git config --global sendemail.confirm auto\".\n"
+"\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y] [n] [e] [q] [a] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1415
+msgid "Send this email? ([y]es|[n]o|[e]dit|[q]uit|[a]ll): "
+msgstr "Sända brevet? (y=ja, n=nej, e=redigera, q=avsluta, a=alla): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1418
+msgid "Send this email reply required"
+msgstr "Svar krävs på frågan \"Sända brevet?\""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1446
+msgid "The required SMTP server is not properly defined."
+msgstr "Nödvändig SMTP-server har inte angivits korrekt."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1493
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Server does not support STARTTLS! %s"
+msgstr "Servern stöder inte SMARTTLS! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1498 git-send-email.perl:1502
+#, perl-format
+msgid "STARTTLS failed! %s"
+msgstr "STARTTLS misslyckades! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1512
+msgid "Unable to initialize SMTP properly. Check config and use --smtp-debug."
+msgstr ""
+"Kan inte initiera SMTP korrekt. Kontrollera inställningarna och använd --"
+"smtp-debug."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1530
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to send %s\n"
+msgstr "Misslyckades sända %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Dry-Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "Test-Sände %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "Sände %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1535
+msgid "Dry-OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "Test-OK. Loggen säger:\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1535
+msgid "OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "OK. Loggen säger:\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1547
+msgid "Result: "
+msgstr "Resultat: "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1550
+msgid "Result: OK\n"
+msgstr "Resultat: OK\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1568
+#, perl-format
+msgid "can't open file %s"
+msgstr "kan inte öppna filen %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1615 git-send-email.perl:1635
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) Lägger till cc: %s från raden \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1621
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding to: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) Lägger till to: %s från raden \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1674
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(icke-mbox) Lägger till cc: %s från raden \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1699
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(body) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(kropp) Lägger till cc: %s från raden \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1817
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Could not execute '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) Kunde inte köra \"%s\""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1824
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Adding %s: %s from: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(%s) Lägger till %s: %s från: \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1828
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) failed to close pipe to '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) misslyckades stänga röret till \"%s\""
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1855
+msgid "cannot send message as 7bit"
+msgstr "kan inte sända brev som sjubitars"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1863
+msgid "invalid transfer encoding"
+msgstr "ogiltig överföringskondning"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1901 git-send-email.perl:1952 git-send-email.perl:1962
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unable to open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "kunde inte öppna %s: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1904
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%s: patch contains a line longer than 998 characters"
+msgstr "%s: patchen innehåller en rad längre än 998 tecken"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1920
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Skipping %s with backup suffix '%s'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Hoppar över %s med filnamnstillägget \"%s\" som används för "
+"säkerhetskopior.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep "[y|N]" as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1924
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Do you really want to send %s? [y|N]: "
+msgstr "Vill du verkligen sända %s? [y=ja, n=nej]: "
+
+#~ msgid "Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So"
+#~ msgstr "Git för dagligt bruk i ungefär 20 kommandon"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+#~ msgstr "Kunde inte öppna \"%s\" för skrivning"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "unexpected 1st line of squash message:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "oväntad första rad i squash-meddelande:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "invalid 1st line of squash message:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "ogiltig första rad i squash-meddelande:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+
+#~ msgid "BUG: returned path string doesn't match cwd?"
+#~ msgstr "BUG: returnerad sökvägssträng matchar inte cwd?"
+
+#~ msgid "Error in object"
+#~ msgstr "Fel i objekt"
+
+#~ msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+#~ msgstr "git fetch-patch: förväntade ACK/NAK, fick EOF"
+
+#~ msgid "invalid filter-spec expression '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "ogiltig filterspec-utryck \"%s\""
+
+#~ msgid "The copy of the patch that failed is found in: %s"
+#~ msgstr "En kopia av patchen som misslyckades finns i: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "pathspec and --all are incompatible"
+#~ msgstr "sökvägsangivelse och --all är inkompatibla"
+
+#~ msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$displaypath'"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Undermodulen \"$name\" ($url) avregistrerad för sökvägen \"$displaypath\""
+
+#~ msgid "To/Cc/Bcc fields are not interpreted yet, they have been ignored\n"
+#~ msgstr "Fälten To/Cc/Bcc tolkas inte ännu, de har ignorerats\n"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "empty strings as pathspecs will be made invalid in upcoming releases. "
+#~ "please use . instead if you meant to match all paths"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "tomma strängar som sökvägsangivelser kommer bli ogiltiga i en kommande "
+#~ "utgåva. använd istället . om du vill träffa alla sökvägar"
+
+#~ msgid "unable to open '%s' for writing"
+#~ msgstr "kunde inte öppna \"%s\" för skrivning"
+
+#~ msgid "could not truncate '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "kunde inte trunkera \"%s\""
+
+#~ msgid "could not finish '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "kunde inte avsluta \"%s\""
+
+#~ msgid "could not write to %s"
+#~ msgstr "kunde inte skriva till %s"
+
+#~ msgid "could not close %s"
+#~ msgstr "kunde inte stänga %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Copied a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+#~ msgstr "Kopierade bort en felaktigt namngiven gren \"%s\""
+
+#~ msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
+#~ msgstr "kan inte skapa \"HEAD\" manuellt"
+
+#~ msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
+#~ msgstr "Vet inte hur man klonar %s"
+
+#~ msgid "show ignored files"
+#~ msgstr "visa ignorerade filer"
+
+#~ msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
+#~ msgstr "%s är inte ett giltigt \"%s\"-objekt"
+
+#~ msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
+#~ msgstr "Vet inte hur man hämtar från %s"
+
+#~ msgid "'$term' is not a valid term"
+#~ msgstr "\"$term\" är inte en giltig term"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
+#~ "       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "fel: felaktig flagga för \"stash save\": $option\n"
+#~ "     För att ange ett meddelande, använd git stash save -- \"$option\""
+
+#~ msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+#~ msgstr "Misslyckades rekursera in i undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\""
+
+#~ msgid "%%(trailers) does not take arguments"
+#~ msgstr "%%(trailers) tar inte argument"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "unrecognized setting %s for optionrebase.missingCommitsCheck. Ignoring."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "okänd inställning %s för flaggan rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Ignorerar."
+
+#~ msgid "%"
+#~ msgid_plural "%"
+#~ msgstr[0] "%"
+#~ msgstr[1] "%"
+
+#~ msgid "%s, %"
+#~ msgid_plural "%s, %"
+#~ msgstr[0] "%s. %"
+#~ msgstr[1] "%s. %"
+
+#~ msgid "submodule update strategy not supported for submodule '%s'"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "uppdateringsstrategi för undermodul stöds inte för undermodulen \"%s\""
+
+#~ msgid "change upstream info"
+#~ msgstr "ändra uppströmsinformation"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Om du vill göra så att \"%s\" spårar \"%s\" gör du så här:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+
+#~ msgid "basename"
+#~ msgstr "basnamn"
+
+#~ msgid "prepend parent project's basename to output"
+#~ msgstr "lägg till föräldraprojektets basnamn i utdata"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Warning: the SHA-1 is missing or isn't a commit in the following line:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Varning: SHA-1 saknas eller inte en incheckning på följande rad:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Warning: the command isn't recognized in the following line:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Varning: kommandot kändes inte igen på följande rad:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
+
+#~ msgid "Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'."
+#~ msgstr "Eller så kan du avbryta ombaseringen med \"git rebase --abort\"."
+
+#~ msgid "Could not open file '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Kunde inte öppna filen \"%s\""
+
+#~ msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
+#~ msgstr "automatiskt om %0.1f sekunder..."
+
+#~ msgid "dup2(%d,%d) failed"
+#~ msgstr "dup2(%d,%d) misslyckades"
+
+#~ msgid "Initial commit on "
+#~ msgstr "Första incheckning på "
+
+#~ msgid "Patch is empty. Was it split wrong?"
+#~ msgstr "Patchen är tom. Delades den upp felaktigt?"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "You still have unmerged paths in your index.\n"
+#~ "Did you forget to use 'git add'?"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Du har fortfarande sökvägar som inte slagits samman i ditt index.\n"
+#~ "Glömde du använda \"git add\"?"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
+#~ "Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Kan inte uppdatera sökvägar och växla till grenen \"%s\" samtidigt.\n"
+#~ "Ville du checka ut \"%s\" som inte kan lösas som en utcheckning?"
+
+#~ msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i or -o; assuming --only paths..."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Explicita sökvägar angavs utan -i eller -o; antar --only sökvägar..."
+
+#~ msgid "default mode for recursion"
+#~ msgstr "standardläge för rekursion"
+
+#~ msgid "submodule--helper subcommand must be called with a subcommand"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "underkommandot submodule--helper måste anropas med ett underkommando"
+
+#~ msgid "could not stat '%s"
+#~ msgstr "kunde inte ta status på \"%s\""
+
+#~ msgid "tag: tagging "
+#~ msgstr "tag: taggar"
+
+#~ msgid "object of unknown type"
+#~ msgstr "objekt av okänd typ"
+
+#~ msgid "commit object"
+#~ msgstr "incheckningsobjekt"
+
+#~ msgid "tree object"
+#~ msgstr "trädobjekt"
+
+#~ msgid "blob object"
+#~ msgstr "blob-objekt"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "There is nothing to exclude from by :(exclude) patterns.\n"
+#~ "Perhaps you forgot to add either ':/' or '.' ?"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Ingenting att exkludera från med :(exkludera)-mönster.\n"
+#~ "Glömde du kanske att antingen lägga till \":/\" eller \".\"?"
+
+#~ msgid "unrecognized format: %%(%s)"
+#~ msgstr "okänt format: %%(%s)"
+
+#~ msgid ":strip= requires a positive integer argument"
+#~ msgstr ":strip= kräver ett positivt heltalsargument"
+
+#~ msgid "ref '%s' does not have %ld components to :strip"
+#~ msgstr "referensen \"%s\" har inte %ld komponenter för :strip"
+
+#~ msgid "unknown %.*s format %s"
+#~ msgstr "okänt \"%.*s\"-format %s"
+
+#~ msgid "[%s: gone]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: försvunnen]"
+
+#~ msgid "[%s]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s]"
+
+#~ msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: bakom %d] "
+
+#~ msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: före %d] "
+
+#~ msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: före %d, bakom %d] "
+
+#~ msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
+#~ msgstr " **** ogiltig ref ****"
+
+#~ msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
+#~ msgstr "tokigt lång objektkatalog %.*s"
+
+#~ msgid "git merge [<options>] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
+#~ msgstr "git merge [<flaggor>] <meddelande> HEAD <incheckning>"
+
+#~ msgid "cannot open file '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "kan inte öppna filen \"%s\""
+
+#~ msgid "could not close file %s"
+#~ msgstr "kunde inte stänga filen %s"
+
+#~ msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
+#~ msgstr "taggnamnet för långt: %.*s..."
+
+#~ msgid "tag header too big."
+#~ msgstr "tagghuvud för stort."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+#~ "marked for discarding"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Om patchen kan appliceras rent kommer det redigerade stycket att\n"
+#~ "markeras för kasta omedelbart"
+
+#~ msgid "Use an experimental blank-line-based heuristic to improve diffs"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Använd en experimentell algoritm baserad på tomma rader för att förbättra "
+#~ "diffar"
+
+#~ msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
+#~ msgstr "Smart... utöka den senaste med smutsigt index."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "the following submodule (or one of its nested submodules)\n"
+#~ "uses a .git directory:"
+#~ msgid_plural ""
+#~ "the following submodules (or one of their nested submodules)\n"
+#~ "use a .git directory:"
+#~ msgstr[0] ""
+#~ "följande undermodul (eller en av dess nästlade undermoduler)\n"
+#~ "använder en .git-katalog:"
+#~ msgstr[1] ""
+#~ "följande undermoduler (eller en av deras nästlade undermoduler)\n"
+#~ "använder en .git-katalog:"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its "
+#~ "history)"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "(använd \"rm -rf\" om du verkligen vill ta bort den och all dess historik)"
+
+#~ msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
+#~ msgstr "Fel vid ombrytning av %s."
+
+#~ msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
+#~ msgstr "Dina lokala ändringar skulle skrivas över av \"cherry-pick\"."
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot revert during another revert."
+#~ msgstr "Kan inte utföra \"revert\" under en annan \"revert\"."
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot cherry-pick during another cherry-pick."
+#~ msgstr "Kan inte utföra \"cherry-pick\" under en annan \"cherry-pick\"."
+
+#~ msgid "Could not parse line %d."
+#~ msgstr "Kan inte tolka rad %d."
+
+#~ msgid "Could not open %s"
+#~ msgstr "Kunde inte öppna %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not read %s."
+#~ msgstr "kunde inte läsa %s."
+
+#~ msgid "Could not format %s."
+#~ msgstr "Kunde inte formatera %s."
+
+#~ msgid "%s: %s"
+#~ msgstr "%s: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
+#~ msgstr "kan inte öppna %s: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
+#~ msgstr "Du måste ställa in din incheckarinformation först"
+
+#~ msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "felaktigt numeriskt konfigurationsvärde \"%s\" för \"%s\": ogiltig enhet"
+
+#~ msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in blob %s: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "felaktigt numeriskt konfigurationsvärde \"%s\" för \"%s\" i blob:en %s: "
+#~ "ogiltig enhet"
+
+#~ msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in file %s: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "felaktigt numeriskt konfigurationsvärde \"%s\" för \"%s\" i filen %s: "
+#~ "ogiltig enhet"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in standard input: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "felaktigt numeriskt konfigurationsvärde \"%s\" för \"%s\" i standard in: "
+#~ "ogiltig enhet"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in submodule-blob %s: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "felaktigt numeriskt konfigurationsvärde \"%s\" för \"%s\" i undermodul-"
+#~ "blob:en %s: ogiltig enhet"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in command line %s: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "felaktigt numeriskt konfigurationsvärde \"%s\" för \"%s\" i kommandoraden "
+#~ "%s: ogiltig enhet"
+
+#~ msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "felaktigt numeriskt konfigurationsvärde \"%s\" för \"%s\" i %s: ogiltig "
+#~ "enhet"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 2nd commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Det här är 2:a incheckningsmeddelandet:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 3rd commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Det här är 3:e incheckningsmeddelandet:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 4th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Det här är 4:e incheckningsmeddelandet:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 5th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Det här är 5:e incheckningsmeddelandet:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 6th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Det här är 6:e incheckningsmeddelandet:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 7th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Det här är 7:e incheckningsmeddelandet:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 8th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Det här är 8:e incheckningsmeddelandet:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 9th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Det här är 9:e incheckningsmeddelandet:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 10th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Det här är 10:e incheckningsmeddelandet:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the ${n}th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Det här är ${n}:e incheckningsmeddelandet:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the ${n}st commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Det här är ${n}:a incheckningsmeddelandet:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the ${n}nd commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Det här är ${n}:a incheckningsmeddelandet:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the ${n}rd commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "Det här är ${n}:e incheckningsmeddelandet:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 1st commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "1:a incheckningsmeddelandet kommer hoppas över:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 2nd commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "2:a incheckningsmeddelandet kommer hoppas över:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 3rd commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "3:e incheckningsmeddelandet kommer hoppas över:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 4th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "4:e incheckningsmeddelandet kommer hoppas över:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 5th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "5:e incheckningsmeddelandet kommer hoppas över:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 6th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "6:e incheckningsmeddelandet kommer hoppas över:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 7th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "7:e incheckningsmeddelandet kommer hoppas över:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 8th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "8:e incheckningsmeddelandet kommer hoppas över:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 9th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "9:e incheckningsmeddelandet kommer hoppas över:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 10th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "10:e incheckningsmeddelandet kommer hoppas över:"
+
+#~ msgid "The ${n}th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "${n}:e incheckningsmeddelandet kommer hoppas över:"
+
+#~ msgid "The ${n}st commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "${n}:a incheckningsmeddelandet kommer hoppas över:"
+
+#~ msgid "The ${n}nd commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "${n}:a incheckningsmeddelandet kommer hoppas över:"
+
+#~ msgid "The ${n}rd commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "${n}:e incheckningsmeddelandet kommer hoppas över:"
+
+#~ msgid "could not run gpg."
+#~ msgstr "kunde inte köra gpg."
+
+#~ msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
+#~ msgstr "gpg godtog inte data"
+
+#~ msgid "unsupported object type in the tree"
+#~ msgstr "objekttyp som ej stöds upptäcktes i trädet"
+
+#~ msgid "Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."
+#~ msgstr "Ödesdigert sammanslagningsfel, borde inte inträffa."
+
+#~ msgid "Unprocessed path??? %s"
+#~ msgstr "Obehandlad sökväg??? %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
+#~ msgstr "kan inte %s under en %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
+#~ msgstr "Kan inte göra \"cherry-pick\" i ett tomt huvud"
+
+#~ msgid "could not open %s for writing"
+#~ msgstr "kunde inte öppna %s för skrivning"
+
+#~ msgid "bug: unhandled unmerged status %x"
+#~ msgstr "programfel: ej hanterad \"unmerged\"-status %x"
+
+#~ msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
+#~ msgstr "programfel: diff-status %c ej hanterad"
+
+#~ msgid "could not write branch description template"
+#~ msgstr "kunde inte skriva grenbeskrivningsmall"
+
+#~ msgid "corrupt index file"
+#~ msgstr "indexfilen är trasig"
+
+#~ msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
+#~ msgstr "koppla från HEAD vid namngiven incheckning"
+
+# Vague original, not networking-related, but rather related to the actual
+# objects downloaded.
+#~ msgid "Checking connectivity... "
+#~ msgstr "Kontrollerar om vi fick alla objekt..."
+
+#~ msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
+#~ msgstr "  (kunde inte uppdatera lokal ref)"
+
+#~ msgid "Reinitialized existing"
+#~ msgstr "Ominitierade befintligt"
+
+#~ msgid "Initialized empty"
+#~ msgstr "Initierade tomt"
+
+#~ msgid " shared"
+#~ msgstr " delat"
+
+#~ msgid "Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+#~ msgstr "Bekräfta att den namngivna incheckningen har en giltig GPG-signatur"
+
+#~ msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
+#~ msgstr "Skriver SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#~ msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
+#~ msgstr "Avslutar SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#~ msgid "   and with remote"
+#~ msgstr "   och med fjärren"
+
+#~ msgid "removing '%s' failed"
+#~ msgstr "misslyckades ta bort \"%s\""
+
+#~ msgid "program error"
+#~ msgstr "programfel"
+
+#~ msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
+#~ msgstr "Anropa \"bisect_state\" med minst ett argument."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again "
+#~ "from"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "För att återanvända den lokala git-katalogen istället för att på nytt "
+#~ "klona från"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct "
+#~ "repo"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "använd flaggan \"--force\". Om den lokala git-katalogen inte är riktigt "
+#~ "arkiv"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
+#~ "option."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "eller om du är osäker på vad det innebär, välj nytt namn med flaggan \"--"
+#~ "name\"."
+
+#~ msgid "Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains a .git directory"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Undermodulens arbetskatalog \"$displaypath\" innehåller katalogen \".git\""
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its "
+#~ "history)"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "(använd \"rm -rf\" om du verkligen vill ta bort den och all dess historik)"
+
+#~ msgid "'%s': %s"
+#~ msgstr "\"%s\": %s"
+
+#~ msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
+#~ msgstr "kan inte komma åt \"%s\": %s"
+
+#~ msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "kan inte öppna %s: %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "Please, stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Köa dina ändringar i .gitmodules eller använd \"stash\" för att fortsätta"
+
+#~ msgid "failed to remove: %s"
+#~ msgstr "misslyckades ta bort: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
+#~ msgstr "Flaggan --exec måste användas tillsammans med flaggan --interactive"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Submodule path '$displaypath' not initialized\n"
+#~ "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Undermodulen \"$displaypath\" har inte initierats\n"
+#~ "Kanske du vill köra \"update --init\"?"
+
+#~ msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
+#~ msgstr "Framåtanpassa lokala kommandon på uppdaterat uppströmshuvud"
+
+#~ msgid "improper format entered align:%s"
+#~ msgstr "felaktigt format angivet align:%s"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not set core.worktree in %s"
+#~ msgstr "Kunde inte sätta core.worktree i %s"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "push.default is unset; its implicit value has changed in\n"
+#~ "Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
+#~ "and maintain the traditional behavior, use:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "When push.default is set to 'matching', git will push local branches\n"
+#~ "to the remote branches that already exist with the same name.\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Since Git 2.0, Git defaults to the more conservative 'simple'\n"
+#~ "behavior, which only pushes the current branch to the corresponding\n"
+#~ "remote branch that 'git pull' uses to update the current branch.\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
+#~ "information.\n"
+#~ "(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
+#~ "'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "push.default har inte ställts in; dess underförstådda värde\n"
+#~ "ändras i Git 2.0 från \"matching\" till \"simple\". För att\n"
+#~ "undertrycka det här meddelandet och behålla traditionellt beteende\n"
+#~ "skriver du:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "För att undertrycka meddelandet och välja det nya beteendet nu skriver "
+#~ "du:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "När push.default är satt till \"matching\" kommer git att sända lokala "
+#~ "grenar\n"
+#~ "till fjärrgrenar som redan finns och som har samma namn.\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Git 2.0 kommer som standard välja den mer konservativa inställningen\n"
+#~ "\"simple\", vilket bara sänder in den aktuella grenen till den "
+#~ "motsvarande\n"
+#~ "fjärrgren \"git pull\" använder för att uppdatera den aktuella grenen.\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Se \"git help config\" och sök efter \"push.default\" för ytterligare \n"
+#~ "information. (Läget \"simple\" introducerades i Git 1.7.11. Använd det\n"
+#~ "liknande läget \"current\" istället för \"simple\" om du ibland använder\n"
+#~ "äldre versioner av Git.)"
+
+#~ msgid "check|on-demand|no"
+#~ msgstr "check|on-demand|no"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not append '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Kunde inte lägga till på \"%s\""
+
+#~ msgid "Missing author: %s"
+#~ msgstr "Författare saknas: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Testing "
+#~ msgstr "Testar"
+
+#~ msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
+#~ msgstr "kan inte slå upp aktuell användare i passwd-filen: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "no such user"
+#~ msgstr "okänd användare"
+
+#~ msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
+#~ msgstr "grenen \"%s\" pekar inte på en incheckning"
+
+#~ msgid "object '%s' does not point to a commit"
+#~ msgstr "objektet \"%s\" pekar på en incheckning"
+
+#~ msgid "some refs could not be read"
+#~ msgstr "vissa referenser kunde inte läsas"
+
+#~ msgid "print only merged branches"
+#~ msgstr "visa endast sammanslagna grenar"
+
+#~ msgid "--dissociate given, but there is no --reference"
+#~ msgstr "--dissociate angavs, men --reference har inte angivits"
+
+#~ msgid "show usage"
+#~ msgstr "visa användning"
+
+#~ msgid "insanely long template name %s"
+#~ msgstr "tokigt långt namn på mallen %s"
+
+#~ msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
+#~ msgstr "tokigt lång symbolisk länk %s"
+
+#~ msgid "insanely long template path %s"
+#~ msgstr "tokigt lång mallsökväg %s"
+
+#~ msgid "insane git directory %s"
+#~ msgstr "tokig git-katalog %s"
+
+#~ msgid "false|true|preserve"
+#~ msgstr "false|true|preserve"
+
+#~ msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "sorteringsangivelsen \"%s\" stöds ej"
+
+#~ msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s' in variable '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "sorteringsangivelsen \"%s\" i variabeln \"%s\" stöds ej"
+
+#~ msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
+#~ msgstr "flaggan \"points-at\" behöver ett objekt"
+
+#~ msgid "sort tags"
+#~ msgstr "sortera taggar"
+
+#~ msgid "--sort and -n are incompatible"
+#~ msgstr "--sort och -n är inkompatibla"
+
+#~ msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
+#~ msgstr "Gitkatalog \"$a\" ingår i undermodulsökvägen \"$b\" eller omvänt"
+
+#~ msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that is still open"
+#~ msgstr "FEL: återöppna en låsfil som fortfarande är öppen"
+
+#~ msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that has been committed"
+#~ msgstr "FEL: återöppna en låsfil som har överlämnats"
+
+#~ msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
+#~ msgstr "flaggan %s godtar inte negativ form"
+
+#~ msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
+#~ msgstr "kunde inte tolka värdet \"%s\" för flaggan %s"
+
+#~ msgid "-b and -B are mutually exclusive"
+#~ msgstr "-b och -B kan inte användas samtidigt"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "When you have resolved this problem, run \"$cmdline --continue\".\n"
+#~ "If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"$cmdline --skip\" instead.\n"
+#~ "To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"$cmdline --abort"
+#~ "\"."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "När du har löst problemet kör du \"$cmdline --continue\".\n"
+#~ "Om du vill hoppa över patchen kör du istället \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
+#~ "För att återställa originalgrenen och avbryta kör du \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+
+#~ msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
+#~ msgstr "Patchformatet $patch_format stöds inte."
+
+#~ msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
+#~ msgstr "Bestäm dig. --skip eller --abort?"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?\n"
+#~ "If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
+#~ "To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Patchen är tom. Delades den upp felaktigt?\n"
+#~ "Om du vill hoppa över patchen kör du istället \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
+#~ "För att återställa originalgrenen och avbryta kör du \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+
+#~ msgid "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
+#~ msgstr "Patchen har inte någon giltig e-postadress."
+
+#~ msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
+#~ msgstr "Tillämpar: $FIRSTLINE"
+
+#~ msgid "Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+#~ msgstr "Patchen misslyckades vid $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
+#~ "Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
+#~ "as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Du kan inte göra en \"pull\" då du har ändringar som inte checkats in.\n"
+#~ "Rätta dem i din arbetskatalog och använd sedan \"git add/rm <fil>\"\n"
+#~ "där det är lämpligt för att ange lösning och checka in."
+
+#~ msgid "no branch specified"
+#~ msgstr "inget grennamn angavs"
+
+#~ msgid "prune .git/worktrees"
+#~ msgstr "rensa .git/worktrees"
+
+#~ msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
+#~ msgstr "De mest använda git-kommandona är:"
+
+#~ msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Okänd gren: \"%s\""
+
+#~ msgid "Could not create git link %s"
+#~ msgstr "Kunde inte skapa gitlänk %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Invalid gc.pruneexpire: '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Ogiltig gc.pruneexpire: '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "(detached from %s)"
+#~ msgstr "(frånkopplad från %s)"
+
+#~ msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Hittade ingen befintlig författare med \"%s\""
+
+#~ msgid "search also in ignored files"
+#~ msgstr "sök även i ignorerade filer"
+
+#~ msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete |<branch>)"
+#~ msgstr "git remote set-head <namn> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <gren>)"
+
+#~ msgid "no files added"
+#~ msgstr "inga filer har lagts till"
 
 #~ msgid "slot"
 #~ msgstr "plats"
@@ -11104,21 +18932,12 @@ msgstr "Synkroniserar undermodul-url för \"$displaypath\""
 #~ msgid "Failed to lock HEAD during fast_forward_to"
 #~ msgstr "Misslyckades låsa HEAD under \"fast_forward_to\""
 
-#~ msgid "invalid commit: %s"
-#~ msgstr "felaktig incheckning: %s"
-
 #~ msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
 #~ msgstr "kunde inte låsa HEAD-referens"
 
 #~ msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
 #~ msgstr "kunde inte uppdatera HEAD-referens"
 
-#~ msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
-#~ msgstr "Felaktigt %s: \"%s\""
-
-#~ msgid "cannot tell cwd"
-#~ msgstr "kan inte läsa aktuell katalog (cwd)"
-
 #~ msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
 #~ msgstr "%s: kan inte låsa referensen"
 
@@ -11152,9 +18971,6 @@ msgstr "Synkroniserar undermodul-url för \"$displaypath\""
 #~ msgid "bug"
 #~ msgstr "programfel"
 
-#~ msgid "ahead "
-#~ msgstr "före "
-
 #~ msgid ", behind "
 #~ msgstr ", efter "
 
@@ -11261,13 +19077,6 @@ msgstr "Synkroniserar undermodul-url för \"$displaypath\""
 #~ msgstr "sökvägar avdelas med null-tecken"
 
 #~ msgid ""
-#~ "The following untracked files would NOT be saved but need to be removed "
-#~ "by stash save:"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Följande ospårade ändringar skulle INTE sparas utan måste tas bort med "
-#~ "\"stash save\":"
-
-#~ msgid ""
 #~ "Aborting. Consider using either the --force or --include-untracked option."
 #~ msgstr ""
 #~ "Avbryter. Överväg att använda antingen flaggan --force eller --include-"
@@ -11282,18 +19091,6 @@ msgstr "Synkroniserar undermodul-url för \"$displaypath\""
 #~ msgid "more than %d trees given: '%s'"
 #~ msgstr "mer än %d träd angavs: \"%s\""
 
-#~ msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
-#~ msgstr "Du kan inte kombinera --no-ff med --ff-only."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "submodule '%s' (or one of its nested submodules) uses a .git directory\n"
-#~ "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its "
-#~ "history)"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "undermodulen \"%s\" (eller en av dess undermoduler) använder en .git-"
-#~ "katalog\n"
-#~ "(använd \"rm -rf\" om du verkligen vill ta bort den och all dess historik)"
-
 #~ msgid ""
 #~ "'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
 #~ "(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
@@ -11355,21 +19152,12 @@ msgstr "Synkroniserar undermodul-url för \"$displaypath\""
 #~ msgid "oops"
 #~ msgstr "hoppsan"
 
-#~ msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
-#~ msgstr "Skulle inte ta bort %s\n"
-
 #~ msgid "Not removing %s\n"
 #~ msgstr "Tar inte bort %s\n"
 
-#~ msgid "Could not read index"
-#~ msgstr "Kunde inte läsa indexet"
-
 #~ msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>])"
 #~ msgstr "git remote set-head <namn> (-a | -d | <gren>])"
 
-#~ msgid " 0 files changed"
-#~ msgstr " 0 filer ändrade"
-
 #~ msgid " %d file changed"
 #~ msgid_plural " %d files changed"
 #~ msgstr[0] " %d fil ändrad"
@@ -11426,12 +19214,6 @@ msgstr "Synkroniserar undermodul-url för \"$displaypath\""
 #~ msgid "-d option is no longer supported.  Do not use."
 #~ msgstr "Flaggan -d stöds inte lägre. Använd inte."
 
-#~ msgid "cherry-pick"
-#~ msgstr "cherry-pick"
-
-#~ msgid "Please enter the commit message for your changes."
-#~ msgstr "Ange ett incheckningsmeddelande för dina ändringar."
-
 #~ msgid "Could not extract email from committer identity."
 #~ msgstr "Kunde inte extrahera e-postadress från incheckarens identitet."
 
@@ -11441,9 +19223,6 @@ msgstr "Synkroniserar undermodul-url för \"$displaypath\""
 #~ msgid "# Changed but not updated:"
 #~ msgstr "# Ändrade men inte uppdaterade:"
 
-#~ msgid "path '%s' does not have all 3 versions"
-#~ msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" har inte alla 3 versionerna"
-
 #~ msgid "git checkout: we do not like '%s' as a branch name."
 #~ msgstr "git checkout: vi tycker inte om \"%s\" som namn på en gren."
 
@@ -11461,6 +19240,3 @@ msgstr "Synkroniserar undermodul-url för \"$displaypath\""
 
 #~ msgid "%s; will overwrite!"
 #~ msgstr "%s; kommer skriva över!"
-
-#~ msgid "Failed to write current notes tree to database"
-#~ msgstr "Kunde inte skriva aktuellt anteckningsträd till databasen"
diff --git a/po/vi.po b/po/vi.po
index 9c2bba889c..dbc028bca7 100644
--- a/po/vi.po
+++ b/po/vi.po
@@ -2,14 +2,14 @@
 # Bản dịch tiếng Việt dành cho GIT-CORE.
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the git-core package.
 # Nguyễn Thái Ng�c Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>, 2012.
-# Trần Ng�c Quân <vnwildman@gmail.com>, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015.
+# Trần Ng�c Quân <vnwildman@gmail.com>, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018.
 #
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
-"Project-Id-Version: git v2.3.0\n"
+"Project-Id-Version: git v2.18.0.round3\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-01-21 14:21+0800\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-01-21 14:58+0800\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-06-16 22:06+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-06-17 07:06+0700\n"
 "Last-Translator: Trần Ng�c Quân <vnwildman@gmail.com>\n"
 "Language-Team: Vietnamese <translation-team-vi@lists.sourceforge.net>\n"
 "Language: vi\n"
@@ -20,115 +20,848 @@ msgstr ""
 "X-Language-Team-Website: <http://translationproject.org/team/vi.html>\n"
 "X-Poedit-SourceCharset: UTF-8\n"
 "X-Poedit-Basepath: ../\n"
-"X-Generator: Poedit 1.5.5\n"
+"X-Generator: Gtranslator 2.91.7\n"
 
-#: advice.c:55
+#: advice.c:92
 #, c-format
-msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
-msgstr "gợi ý: %.*s\n"
+msgid "%shint: %.*s%s\n"
+msgstr "%sgợi ý: %.*s%s\n"
 
-#: advice.c:88
+#: advice.c:137
+msgid "Cherry-picking is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Cherry-picking là không thể thực hiện bởi vì bạn có những tập tin chưa được "
+"hòa trộn."
+
+#: advice.c:139
+msgid "Committing is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Commit là không thể thực hiện bởi vì bạn có những tập tin chưa được hòa trộn."
+
+#: advice.c:141
+msgid "Merging is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Merge là không thể thực hiện bởi vì bạn có những tập tin chưa được hòa trộn."
+
+#: advice.c:143
+msgid "Pulling is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Pull là không thể thực hiện bởi vì bạn có những tập tin chưa được hòa trộn."
+
+#: advice.c:145
+msgid "Reverting is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Revert là không thể thực hiện bởi vì bạn có những tập tin chưa được hòa trộn."
+
+#: advice.c:147
+#, c-format
+msgid "It is not possible to %s because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Nó là không thể thực hiện với %s bởi vì bạn có những tập tin chưa được hòa "
+"trá»™n."
+
+#: advice.c:155
 msgid ""
 "Fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
 "as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
 msgstr ""
-"Sửa chúng trong cây làm việc,\n"
-"và sau đó dùng lệnh “git add/rm <tập-tin>�\n"
+"Sửa chúng trong cây làm việc, và sau đó dùng lệnh “git add/rm <tập-tin>�\n"
 "dành riêng cho việc đánh dấu cần giải quyết và tạo lần chuyển giao."
 
-#: archive.c:11
-msgid "git archive [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
-msgstr "git archive [các-tùy-ch�n] <tree-ish> [<đư�ng-dẫn>…]"
+#: advice.c:163
+msgid "Exiting because of an unresolved conflict."
+msgstr "Thoát ra bởi vì xung đột không thể giải quyết."
+
+#: advice.c:168 builtin/merge.c:1250
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "Bạn chưa kết thúc việc hòa trộn (MERGE_HEAD vẫn tồn tại)."
+
+#: advice.c:170
+msgid "Please, commit your changes before merging."
+msgstr "Vui lòng chuyển giao các thay đổi trước khi hòa trộn."
+
+#: advice.c:171
+msgid "Exiting because of unfinished merge."
+msgstr "Thoát ra bởi vì việc hòa trộn không hoàn tất."
+
+#: advice.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Note: checking out '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental\n"
+"changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this\n"
+"state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may\n"
+"do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Chú ý: đang lấy ra “%s�.\n"
+"\n"
+"Bạn đang ở tình trạng “detached HEAD�. Bạn có thể xem qua, tạo các thay\n"
+"đổi thử nghiệm và chuyển giao chúng, bạn có thể loại b� bất kỳ lần chuyển\n"
+"giao nào trong tình trạng này mà không cần đụng chậm đến bất kỳ nhánh nào\n"
+"bằng cách thực hiện lần lấy ra khác nữa.\n"
+"\n"
+"Nếu bạn muốn tạo một nhánh mới để giữ lại các lần chuyển giao bạn tạo,\n"
+"bạn có thể làm thế (ngay bây gi� hay sau này) bằng cách chạy lệnh checkout\n"
+"lần nữa với tùy ch�n -b. Ví dụ:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <tên-nhánh-mới>\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: apply.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr "không nhận ra tùy ch�n v� khoảng trắng “%s�"
+
+#: apply.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr "không nhận ra tùy ch�n b� qua khoảng trắng “%s�"
+
+#: apply.c:122
+msgid "--reject and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--reject và --3way không thể dùng cùng nhau."
+
+#: apply.c:124
+msgid "--cached and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--cached và --3way không thể dùng cùng nhau."
+
+#: apply.c:127
+msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+msgstr "--3way ở ngoài một kho chứa"
+
+#: apply.c:138
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr "--index ở ngoài một kho chứa"
+
+#: apply.c:141
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr "--cached ở ngoài một kho chứa"
+
+#: apply.c:821
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể chuẩn bị biểu thức chính qui dấu vết th�i gian (timestamp regexp) "
+"%s"
+
+#: apply.c:830
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr "thi hành biểu thức chính quy trả v� %d cho đầu vào: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:904
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr "không thể tìm thấy tên tập tin trong miếng vá tại dòng %d"
+
+#: apply.c:942
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: git-diff sai - cần /dev/null, nhưng lại nhận được %s trên dòng %d"
+
+#: apply.c:948
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: git-diff sai - tên tập tin mới không nhất quán trên dòng %d"
+
+#: apply.c:949
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: git-diff sai - tên tập tin cũ không nhất quán trên dòng %d"
+
+#: apply.c:954
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: git-diff sai - cần “/dev/null� trên dòng %d"
+
+#: apply.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid mode on line %d: %s"
+msgstr "chế độ không hợp lệ trên dòng %d: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:1301
+#, c-format
+msgid "inconsistent header lines %d and %d"
+msgstr "phần đầu mâu thuẫn dòng %d và %d"
+
+#: apply.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr "chi tiết: dòng không cần: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1542
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "miếng vá phân mảnh mà không có phần đầu tại dòng %d: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1562
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"phần đầu diff cho git  thiếu thông tin tên tập tin khi gỡ b� đi %d trong "
+"thành phần dẫn đầu tên của đư�ng dẫn (dòng %d)"
+
+#: apply.c:1575
+#, c-format
+msgid "git diff header lacks filename information (line %d)"
+msgstr "phần đầu diff cho git thiếu thông tin tên tập tin (dòng %d)"
+
+#: apply.c:1763
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr "tập tin mới phụ thuộc vào nội dung cũ"
+
+#: apply.c:1765
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr "tập tin đã xóa vẫn còn nội dung"
+
+#: apply.c:1799
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr "miếng vá h�ng tại dòng %d"
+
+#: apply.c:1836
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr "tập tin mới %s phụ thuộc vào nội dung cũ"
+
+#: apply.c:1838
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr "tập tin đã xóa %s vẫn còn nội dung"
+
+#: apply.c:1841
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr "** cảnh báo: tập tin %s trở nên trống rỗng nhưng không bị xóa"
+
+#: apply.c:1988
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "miếng vá định dạng nhị phân sai h�ng tại dòng %d: %.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:2025
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr "miếng vá định dạng nhị phân không được nhận ra tại dòng %d"
+
+#: apply.c:2185
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr "vá chỉ với “rác� tại dòng %d"
+
+#: apply.c:2271
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c liên kết m�m %s"
+
+#: apply.c:2275
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr "không thể mở hay đ�c %s"
+
+#: apply.c:2934
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr "sai khởi đầu dòng: “%c�"
+
+#: apply.c:3055
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] "Khối dữ liệu #%d thành công tại %d (offset %d dòng)."
+
+#: apply.c:3067
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr "Nội dung bị giảm xuống còn (%ld/%ld) để áp dụng mảnh dữ liệu tại %d"
+
+#: apply.c:3073
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+"trong khi đang tìm kiếm cho:\n"
+"%.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:3095
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr "thiếu dữ liệu của miếng vá định dạng nhị phân cho “%s�"
+
+#: apply.c:3103
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot reverse-apply a binary patch without the reverse hunk to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"không thể reverse-apply một miếng vá nhị phân mà không đảo ngược hunk thành "
+"“%s�"
+
+#: apply.c:3149
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot apply binary patch to '%s' without full index line"
+msgstr ""
+"không thể áp dụng miếng vá nhị phân thành “%s� mà không có dòng chỉ mục đầy "
+"đủ"
+
+#: apply.c:3159
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the patch applies to '%s' (%s), which does not match the current contents."
+msgstr ""
+"miếng vá áp dụng cho “%s� (%s), cái mà không khớp với các nội dung hiện tại."
+
+#: apply.c:3167
+#, c-format
+msgid "the patch applies to an empty '%s' but it is not empty"
+msgstr "miếng vá áp dụng cho một “%s� trống rỗng nhưng nó lại không trống"
+
+#: apply.c:3185
+#, c-format
+msgid "the necessary postimage %s for '%s' cannot be read"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c postimage %s cần thiết cho “%s�"
+
+#: apply.c:3198
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr "miếng vá định dạng nhị phân không được áp dụng cho “%s�"
+
+#: apply.c:3204
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr ""
+"vá nhị phân cho “%s� tạo ra kết quả không chính xác (mong ch� %s, lại nhận "
+"%s)"
+
+#: apply.c:3225
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi vá: %s:%ld"
+
+#: apply.c:3347
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgstr "không thể lấy ra %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3396 apply.c:3407 apply.c:3453 setup.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đ�c %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3404
+#, c-format
+msgid "reading from '%s' beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "đ�c từ “%s� vượt ra ngoài liên kết m�m"
+
+#: apply.c:3433 apply.c:3673
+#, c-format
+msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr "đư�ng dẫn %s đã bị xóa hoặc đổi tên"
+
+#: apply.c:3516 apply.c:3687
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr "%s: không tồn tại trong bảng mục lục"
+
+#: apply.c:3525 apply.c:3695
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr "%s: không khớp trong mục lục"
+
+#: apply.c:3560
+msgid "repository lacks the necessary blob to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr "Kho thiếu đối tượng blob cần thiết để trở v� trên “3-way merge�."
+
+#: apply.c:3563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Falling back to three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "�ang trở lại hòa trộn “3-đư�ng�…\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3579 apply.c:3583
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read the current contents of '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c nội dung hiện hành của “%s�"
+
+#: apply.c:3595
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fall back on three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi quay trở lại để hòa trộn kiểu “three-way�…\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3609
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' with conflicts.\n"
+msgstr "�ã áp dụng miếng vá %s với các xung đột.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3614
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' cleanly.\n"
+msgstr "�ã áp dụng miếng vá %s một cách sạch sẽ.\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3640
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr "loại b� miếng vá để lại nội dung tập tin"
+
+#: apply.c:3712
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr "%s: sai kiểu"
+
+#: apply.c:3714
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr "%s có kiểu %o, cần %o"
+
+#: apply.c:3864 apply.c:3866
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid path '%s'"
+msgstr "đư�ng dẫn không hợp lệ “%s�"
+
+#: apply.c:3922
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr "%s: đã có từ trước trong bảng mục lục"
+
+#: apply.c:3925
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr "%s: đã sẵn có trong thư mục đang làm việc"
+
+#: apply.c:3945
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr "chế độ mới (%o) của %s không khớp với chế độ cũ (%o)"
+
+#: apply.c:3950
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr "chế độ mới (%o) của %s không khớp với chế độ cũ (%o) của %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3970
+#, c-format
+msgid "affected file '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "tập tin chịu tác động “%s� vượt ra ngoài liên kết m�m"
+
+#: apply.c:3974
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr "%s: miếng vá không được áp dụng"
+
+#: apply.c:3989
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr "�ang kiểm tra miếng vá %s…"
+
+#: apply.c:4080
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless for submodule %s"
+msgstr "thông tin sha1 thiếu hoặc không dùng được cho mô-đun %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4087
+#, c-format
+msgid "mode change for %s, which is not in current HEAD"
+msgstr "thay đổi chế độ cho %s, cái mà không phải là HEAD hiện tại"
+
+#: apply.c:4090
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless (%s)."
+msgstr "thông tin sha1 còn thiếu hay không dùng được(%s)."
+
+#: apply.c:4095 builtin/checkout.c:235 builtin/reset.c:140
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "make_cache_entry gặp lỗi đối với đư�ng dẫn “%s�"
+
+#: apply.c:4099
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not add %s to temporary index"
+msgstr "không thể thêm %s vào chỉ mục tạm th�i"
+
+#: apply.c:4109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write temporary index to %s"
+msgstr "không thểghi mục lục tạm vào %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4247
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr "không thể gỡ b� %s từ mục lục"
+
+#: apply.c:4282
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
+msgstr "miếng vá sai h�ng cho mô-đun-con %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4288
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể lấy thống k� v� tập tin %s mới hơn đã được tạo"
+
+#: apply.c:4296
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr "không thể tạo “kho lưu đằng sau� cho tập tin được tạo mới hơn %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4302 apply.c:4446
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr "không thể thêm mục nhớ đệm cho %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4343
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to write to '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi ghi vào “%s�"
+
+#: apply.c:4347
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr "đang đóng tập tin “%s�"
+
+#: apply.c:4417
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr "không thể ghi vào tập tin “%s� chế độ %o"
+
+#: apply.c:4515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr "�ã áp dụng miếng vá %s một cách sạch sẽ."
+
+#: apply.c:4523
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr "lá»—i ná»™i bá»™"
+
+#: apply.c:4526
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] "�ang áp dụng miếng vá %%s với %d lần từ chối…"
+
+#: apply.c:4537
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr "đang cắt ngắn tên tập tin .rej thành %.*s.rej"
+
+#: apply.c:4545 builtin/fetch.c:786 builtin/fetch.c:1036
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s"
+msgstr "không mở được “%s�"
+
+#: apply.c:4559
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr "Khối nhớ #%d được áp dụng g�n gàng."
+
+#: apply.c:4563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr "đoạn dữ liệu #%d bị từ chối."
+
+#: apply.c:4673
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped patch '%s'."
+msgstr "b� qua đư�ng dẫn “%s�."
+
+#: apply.c:4681
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr "không thừa nhận đầu vào"
+
+#: apply.c:4700
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c tập tin lưu bảng mục lục"
+
+#: apply.c:4837
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s': %s"
+msgstr "không thể mở miếng vá “%s�: %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4864
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] "đã chấm dứt %d lỗi khoảng trắng"
+
+#: apply.c:4870 apply.c:4885
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d dòng thêm khoảng trắng lỗi."
+
+#: apply.c:4878
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d dòng được áp dụng sau khi sửa các lỗi khoảng trắng."
+
+#: apply.c:4894 builtin/add.c:538 builtin/mv.c:300 builtin/rm.c:389
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "Không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới"
+
+#: apply.c:4921 apply.c:4924 builtin/am.c:2254 builtin/am.c:2257
+#: builtin/clone.c:120 builtin/fetch.c:126 builtin/pull.c:198
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:405 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1210
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1213 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1584
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1587 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1807
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "path"
+msgstr "đư�ng-dẫn"
+
+#: apply.c:4922
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "không áp dụng các thay đổi khớp với đư�ng dẫn đã cho"
+
+#: apply.c:4925
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "áp dụng các thay đổi khớp với đư�ng dẫn đã cho"
+
+#: apply.c:4927 builtin/am.c:2263
+msgid "num"
+msgstr "số"
+
+#: apply.c:4928
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr "gỡ b� <số> dấu gạch chéo dẫn đầu từ đư�ng dẫn diff cổ điển"
+
+#: apply.c:4931
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr "l� đi phần bổ xung được tạo ra bởi miếng vá"
+
+#: apply.c:4933
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr ""
+"thay vì áp dụng một miếng vá, kết xuất kết quả từ lệnh diffstat cho đầu ra"
+
+#: apply.c:4937
+msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr ""
+"hiển thị số lượng các dòng được thêm vào và xóa đi theo ký hiệu thập phân"
+
+#: apply.c:4939
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr "thay vì áp dụng một miếng vá, kết xuất kết quả cho đầu vào"
+
+#: apply.c:4941
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr "thay vì áp dụng miếng vá, hãy xem xem miếng vá có thích hợp không"
+
+#: apply.c:4943
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr "hãy chắc chắn là miếng vá thích hợp với bảng mục lục hiện hành"
+
+#: apply.c:4945
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr "áp dụng một miếng vá mà không động chạm đến cây làm việc"
+
+#: apply.c:4947
+msgid "accept a patch that touches outside the working area"
+msgstr "chấp nhận một miếng vá mà không động chạm đến cây làm việc"
+
+#: apply.c:4950
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr ""
+"đồng th�i áp dụng miếng vá (dùng với tùy ch�n --stat/--summary/--check)"
+
+#: apply.c:4952
+msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+msgstr "thử hòa trộn kiểu three-way nếu việc vá không thể thực hiện được"
+
+#: apply.c:4954
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr ""
+"xây dựng bảng mục lục tạm th�i trên cơ sở thông tin bảng mục lục được nhúng"
+
+#: apply.c:4957 builtin/checkout-index.c:168 builtin/ls-files.c:515
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr "các đư�ng dẫn bị ngăn cách bởi ký tự NULL"
+
+#: apply.c:4959
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr "đảm bảo rằng có ít nhất <n> dòng nội dung khớp"
+
+#: apply.c:4960 builtin/am.c:2242 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:95
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:97 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:99
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3177
+msgid "action"
+msgstr "hành động"
+
+#: apply.c:4961
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr "tìm thấy một dòng mới hoặc bị sửa đổi mà nó có lỗi do khoảng trắng"
 
-#: archive.c:12
+#: apply.c:4964 apply.c:4967
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr "l� đi sự thay đổi do khoảng trắng gây ra khi quét nội dung"
+
+#: apply.c:4970
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr "áp dụng miếng vá theo chi�u ngược"
+
+#: apply.c:4972
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr "đừng hy v�ng có ít nhất một dòng nội dung"
+
+#: apply.c:4974
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr "để lại khối dữ liệu bị từ chối trong các tập tin *.rej tương ứng"
+
+#: apply.c:4976
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr "cho phép chồng khối nhớ"
+
+#: apply.c:4977 builtin/add.c:290 builtin/check-ignore.c:21
+#: builtin/commit.c:1301 builtin/count-objects.c:98 builtin/fsck.c:666
+#: builtin/log.c:1901 builtin/mv.c:122 builtin/read-tree.c:124
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr "chi tiết"
+
+#: apply.c:4979
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr ""
+"đã dò tìm thấy dung sai không chính xác thiếu dòng mới tại cuối tập tin"
+
+#: apply.c:4982
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr "không tin số lượng dòng trong phần đầu khối dữ liệu"
+
+#: apply.c:4984 builtin/am.c:2251
+msgid "root"
+msgstr "gốc"
+
+#: apply.c:4985
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr "treo thêm <root> vào tất cả các tên tập tin"
+
+#: archive.c:13
+msgid "git archive [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git archive [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <tree-ish> [<đư�ng-dẫn>…]"
+
+#: archive.c:14
 msgid "git archive --list"
 msgstr "git archive --list"
 
-#: archive.c:13
+#: archive.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git archive --remote <kho> [--exec <lệnh>] [các-tùy-ch�n] <tree-ish> [<đư�ng-"
-"dẫn>…]"
+"git archive --remote <kho> [--exec <lệnh>] [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <tree-ish> "
+"[<đư�ng-dẫn>…]"
 
-#: archive.c:14
+#: archive.c:16
 msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
 msgstr "git archive --remote <kho> [--exec <lệnh>] --list"
 
-#: archive.c:342 builtin/add.c:137 builtin/add.c:427 builtin/rm.c:328
+#: archive.c:351 builtin/add.c:176 builtin/add.c:514 builtin/rm.c:298
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
 msgstr "đặc tả đư�ng dẫn “%s� không khớp với bất kỳ tập tin nào"
 
-#: archive.c:427
+#: archive.c:434
 msgid "fmt"
 msgstr "định_dạng"
 
-#: archive.c:427
+#: archive.c:434
 msgid "archive format"
 msgstr "định dạng lưu trữ"
 
-#: archive.c:428 builtin/log.c:1204
+#: archive.c:435 builtin/log.c:1462
 msgid "prefix"
 msgstr "ti�n_tố"
 
-#: archive.c:429
+#: archive.c:436
 msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
 msgstr "nối thêm ti�n tố vào từng đư�ng dẫn tập tin trong kho lưu"
 
-#: archive.c:430 builtin/archive.c:88 builtin/blame.c:2517
-#: builtin/blame.c:2518 builtin/config.c:57 builtin/fast-export.c:986
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:988 builtin/grep.c:712 builtin/hash-object.c:101
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:489 builtin/ls-files.c:492 builtin/notes.c:394
-#: builtin/notes.c:557 builtin/read-tree.c:109 parse-options.h:151
+#: archive.c:437 builtin/blame.c:813 builtin/blame.c:814 builtin/config.c:127
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1007 builtin/fast-export.c:1009 builtin/grep.c:869
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103 builtin/ls-files.c:551 builtin/ls-files.c:554
+#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:568 builtin/read-tree.c:119
+#: parse-options.h:165
 msgid "file"
 msgstr "tập_tin"
 
-#: archive.c:431 builtin/archive.c:89
+#: archive.c:438 builtin/archive.c:89
 msgid "write the archive to this file"
 msgstr "ghi kho lưu vào tập tin này"
 
-#: archive.c:433
+#: archive.c:440
 msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
 msgstr "đ�c .gitattributes trong thư mục làm việc"
 
-#: archive.c:434
+#: archive.c:441
 msgid "report archived files on stderr"
 msgstr "liệt kê các tập tin được lưu trữ vào stderr (đầu ra lỗi tiêu chuẩn)"
 
-#: archive.c:435
+#: archive.c:442
 msgid "store only"
 msgstr "chỉ lưu (không nén)"
 
-#: archive.c:436
+#: archive.c:443
 msgid "compress faster"
 msgstr "nén nhanh hơn"
 
-#: archive.c:444
+#: archive.c:451
 msgid "compress better"
 msgstr "nén nh� hơn"
 
-#: archive.c:447
+#: archive.c:454
 msgid "list supported archive formats"
 msgstr "liệt kê các kiểu nén được hỗ trợ"
 
-#: archive.c:449 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:86
+#: archive.c:456 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:110 builtin/clone.c:113
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1222 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1593
 msgid "repo"
 msgstr "kho"
 
-#: archive.c:450 builtin/archive.c:91
+#: archive.c:457 builtin/archive.c:91
 msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
 msgstr "nhận kho nén từ kho chứa <kho> trên máy chủ"
 
-#: archive.c:451 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:478
+#: archive.c:458 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:489
 msgid "command"
 msgstr "lệnh"
 
-#: archive.c:452 builtin/archive.c:93
+#: archive.c:459 builtin/archive.c:93
 msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn đến lệnh git-upload-pack trên máy chủ"
 
-#: attr.c:258
+#: archive.c:466
+msgid "Unexpected option --remote"
+msgstr "Gặp tùy ch�n --remote không cần"
+
+#: archive.c:468
+msgid "Option --exec can only be used together with --remote"
+msgstr "Tùy ch�n --exec chỉ có thể được dùng cùng với --remote"
+
+#: archive.c:470
+msgid "Unexpected option --output"
+msgstr "Gặp tùy ch�n không cần --output"
+
+#: archive.c:492
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown archive format '%s'"
+msgstr "Không hiểu định dạng “%s�"
+
+#: archive.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid "Argument not supported for format '%s': -%d"
+msgstr "Tham số không được hỗ trợ cho định dạng “%s�: -%d"
+
+#: attr.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "%.*s is not a valid attribute name"
+msgstr "%.*s không phải tên thuộc tính hợp lệ"
+
+#: attr.c:415
 msgid ""
 "Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
 "Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
@@ -136,84 +869,258 @@ msgstr ""
 "Các mẫu dạng phủ định bị cấm dùng cho các thuộc tính của git\n"
 "Dùng “\\!� cho các chuỗi văn bản có dấu chấm than dẫn đầu."
 
-#: branch.c:60
+#: bisect.c:461
 #, c-format
-msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
-msgstr "Chưa cài đặt nhánh %s như là thượng nguồn của nó."
+msgid "Badly quoted content in file '%s': %s"
+msgstr "nội dung được trích dẫn sai tập tin “%s�: %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:669
+#, c-format
+msgid "We cannot bisect more!\n"
+msgstr "Chúng tôi không bisect thêm nữa!\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid commit name %s"
+msgstr "Không phải tên đối tượng commit %s hợp lệ"
+
+#: bisect.c:747
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is bad.\n"
+"This means the bug has been fixed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Hòa trộn trên %s là sai.\n"
+"�i�u đó có nghĩa là lỗi đã được sửa chữa giữa %s và [%s].\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:752
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is new.\n"
+"The property has changed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Hòa trộn trên %s là mới.\n"
+"Gần như chắc chắn là có thay đổi giữa %s và [%s].\n"
 
-#: branch.c:83
+#: bisect.c:757
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing."
-msgstr "Nhánh %s cài đặt để theo dõi nhánh máy chủ %s từ %s bằng cách rebase."
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is %s.\n"
+"This means the first '%s' commit is between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Hòa trộn trên %s là %s.\n"
+"�i�u đó có nghĩa là lần chuyển giao “%s� đầu tiên là giữa %s và [%s].\n"
 
-#: branch.c:84
+#: bisect.c:765
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s."
-msgstr "Nhánh %s cài đặt để theo dõi nhánh máy chủ %s từ %s."
+msgid ""
+"Some %s revs are not ancestors of the %s rev.\n"
+"git bisect cannot work properly in this case.\n"
+"Maybe you mistook %s and %s revs?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Một số điểm xét duyệt %s không phải tổ tiên của điểm xét duyệt %s.\n"
+"git bisect không thể làm việc đúng đắn trong trư�ng hợp này.\n"
+"Liệu có phải bạn nhầm lẫn các điểm %s và %s không?\n"
 
-#: branch.c:88
+#: bisect.c:778
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing."
-msgstr "Nhánh %s cài đặt để theo dõi nhánh nội bộ %s bằng cách rebase."
+msgid ""
+"the merge base between %s and [%s] must be skipped.\n"
+"So we cannot be sure the first %s commit is between %s and %s.\n"
+"We continue anyway."
+msgstr ""
+"hòa trộn trên cơ sở giữa %s và [%s] phải bị b� qua.\n"
+"Do vậy chúng tôi không thể chắc lần chuyển giao đầu tiên %s là giữa %s và "
+"%s.\n"
+"Chúng tôi vẫn cứ tiếp tục."
+
+#: bisect.c:811
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: a merge base must be tested\n"
+msgstr "Bisecting: n�n hòa trộn cần phải được kiểm tra\n"
 
-#: branch.c:89
+#: bisect.c:851
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s."
-msgstr "Nhánh %s cài đặt để theo dõi nhánh nội bộ %s."
+msgid "a %s revision is needed"
+msgstr "cần một điểm xét duyệt %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:870 builtin/notes.c:175 builtin/tag.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể tạo tập tin “%s�"
+
+#: bisect.c:921
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read file '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c tập tin “%s�"
+
+#: bisect.c:951
+msgid "reading bisect refs failed"
+msgstr "việc đ�c tham chiếu bisect gặp lỗi"
+
+#: bisect.c:970
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s was both %s and %s\n"
+msgstr "%s là cả %s và %s\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:978
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No testable commit found.\n"
+"Maybe you started with bad path parameters?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"không tìm thấy lần chuyển giao kiểm tra được nào.\n"
+"Có lẽ bạn bắt đầu với các tham số đư�ng dẫn sai?\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:997
+#, c-format
+msgid "(roughly %d step)"
+msgid_plural "(roughly %d steps)"
+msgstr[0] "(ước chừng %d bước)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the last %s will be replaced with "(roughly %d
+#. steps)" translation.
+#.
+#: bisect.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: %d revision left to test after this %s\n"
+msgid_plural "Bisecting: %d revisions left to test after this %s\n"
+msgstr[0] "Bisecting: còn %d điểm xét duyệt để kiểm sau %s này\n"
+
+#: blame.c:1756
+msgid "--contents and --reverse do not blend well."
+msgstr "tùy ch�n--contents và --reverse không được trộn vào nhau."
+
+#: blame.c:1767
+msgid "cannot use --contents with final commit object name"
+msgstr "không thể dùng --contents với tên đối tượng chuyển giao cuối cùng"
+
+#: blame.c:1787
+msgid "--reverse and --first-parent together require specified latest commit"
+msgstr ""
+"--reverse và --first-parent cùng nhau cần chỉ định lần chuyển giao cuối"
+
+#: blame.c:1796 bundle.c:160 ref-filter.c:2075 sequencer.c:1861
+#: sequencer.c:3632 builtin/commit.c:981 builtin/log.c:366 builtin/log.c:920
+#: builtin/log.c:1371 builtin/log.c:1702 builtin/log.c:1950 builtin/merge.c:372
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:192
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr "cài đặt việc di chuyển qua các điểm xét duyệt gặp lỗi"
+
+#: blame.c:1814
+msgid ""
+"--reverse --first-parent together require range along first-parent chain"
+msgstr ""
+"--reverse --first-parent cùng nhau yêu cầu vùng cùng với chuỗi cha-mẹ-đầu-"
+"tiên"
+
+#: blame.c:1825
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such path %s in %s"
+msgstr "không có đư�ng dẫn %s trong “%s�"
+
+#: blame.c:1836
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read blob %s for path %s"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c blob %s cho đư�ng dẫn “%s�"
+
+#: branch.c:54
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"After fixing the error cause you may try to fix up\n"
+"the remote tracking information by invoking\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Sau khi sửa nguyên nhân lỗi bạn có lẻ cần thử sửa\n"
+"thông tin theo dõi máy chủ bằng cách g�i lệnh\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
+
+#: branch.c:68
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
+msgstr "Chưa cài đặt nhánh %s như là thượng nguồn của nó."
 
 #: branch.c:94
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing."
-msgstr "Nhánh %s cài đặt để theo dõi nhánh máy chủ %s bằng cách rebase."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"Nhánh “%s� cài đặt để theo dõi nhánh máy chủ “%s� từ “%s� bằng cách rebase."
 
 #: branch.c:95
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s."
-msgstr "Nhánh %s cài đặt để theo dõi tham chiếu máy chủ %s."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s'."
+msgstr "Nhánh “%s� cài đặt để theo dõi nhánh máy chủ “%s� từ “%s�."
 
 #: branch.c:99
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing."
-msgstr ""
-"Nhánh %s cài đặt để theo dõi vết tham chiếu nội bộ %s bằng cách rebase."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr "Nhánh “%s� cài đặt để theo dõi nhánh nội bộ “%s� bằng cách rebase."
 
 #: branch.c:100
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s."
-msgstr "Nhánh %s cài đặt để theo dõi tham chiếu nội bộ %s."
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Nhánh “%s� cài đặt để theo dõi nhánh nội bộ “%s�."
+
+#: branch.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"Nhánh “%s� cài đặt để theo dõi tham chiếu máy chủ “%s� bằng cách rebase."
+
+#: branch.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s'."
+msgstr "Nhánh “%s� cài đặt để theo dõi tham chiếu máy chủ “%s�."
+
+#: branch.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"Nhánh “%s� cài đặt để theo dõi tham chiếu nội bộ “%s� bằng cách rebase."
+
+#: branch.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s'."
+msgstr "Nhánh “%s� cài đặt để theo dõi tham chiếu nội bộ “%s�."
+
+#: branch.c:120
+msgid "Unable to write upstream branch configuration"
+msgstr "Không thể ghi cấu hình nhánh thượng nguồn"
 
-#: branch.c:133
+#: branch.c:157
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"
 msgstr "Không theo dõi: thông tin chưa rõ ràng cho tham chiếu %s"
 
-#: branch.c:162
+#: branch.c:190
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid branch name."
 msgstr "“%s� không phải là một tên nhánh hợp lệ."
 
-#: branch.c:167
+#: branch.c:209
 #, c-format
 msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "�ã có nhánh mang tên “%s�."
 
-#: branch.c:175
+#: branch.c:214
 msgid "Cannot force update the current branch."
 msgstr "Không thể ép buộc cập nhật nhánh hiện hành."
 
-#: branch.c:195
+#: branch.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch."
 msgstr ""
 "Không thể cài đặt thông tin theo dõi; điểm bắt đầu “%s� không phải là một "
 "nhánh."
 
-#: branch.c:197
+#: branch.c:236
 #, c-format
 msgid "the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "nhánh thượng nguồn đã yêu cầu “%s� không tồn tại"
 
-#: branch.c:199
+#: branch.c:238
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
@@ -233,32 +1140,42 @@ msgstr ""
 "sẽ theo dõi bản đối chiếu máy chủ của nó, bạn cần dùng lệnh\n"
 "\"git push -u\" để đặt cấu hình thượng nguồn bạn muốn push."
 
-#: branch.c:243
+#: branch.c:281
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'."
 msgstr "Không phải tên đối tượng hợp lệ: “%s�."
 
-#: branch.c:263
+#: branch.c:301
 #, c-format
 msgid "Ambiguous object name: '%s'."
 msgstr "Tên đối tượng chưa rõ ràng: “%s�."
 
-#: branch.c:268
+#: branch.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid branch point: '%s'."
 msgstr "Nhánh không hợp lệ: “%s�."
 
+#: branch.c:360
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "“%s� đã được lấy ra tại “%s� rồi"
+
+#: branch.c:383
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD of working tree %s is not updated"
+msgstr "HEAD của cây làm việc %s chưa được cập nhật"
+
 #: bundle.c:34
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
 msgstr "“%s� không giống như tập tin v2 bundle (định dạng dump của git)"
 
-#: bundle.c:61
+#: bundle.c:62
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
 msgstr "phần đầu không được thừa nhận: %s%s (%d)"
 
-#: bundle.c:87 builtin/commit.c:770
+#: bundle.c:88 sequencer.c:2081 sequencer.c:2558 builtin/commit.c:755
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể mở “%s�"
@@ -267,30 +1184,23 @@ msgstr "không thể mở “%s�"
 msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
 msgstr "Kho chứa thiếu những lần chuyển giao tiên quyết này:"
 
-#: bundle.c:163 sequencer.c:645 sequencer.c:1100 builtin/blame.c:2706
-#: builtin/branch.c:652 builtin/commit.c:1049 builtin/log.c:330
-#: builtin/log.c:823 builtin/log.c:1432 builtin/log.c:1669 builtin/merge.c:358
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:158
-msgid "revision walk setup failed"
-msgstr "cài đặt việc di chuyển qua các điểm xét duyệt gặp lỗi"
-
-#: bundle.c:185
+#: bundle.c:190
 #, c-format
 msgid "The bundle contains this ref:"
 msgid_plural "The bundle contains these %d refs:"
-msgstr[0] "Bundle chứa %d tham chiếu:"
+msgstr[0] "Bó dữ liệu chứa %d tham chiếu:"
 
-#: bundle.c:192
+#: bundle.c:197
 msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
 msgstr "Lệnh bundle ghi lại toàn bộ lịch sử."
 
-#: bundle.c:194
+#: bundle.c:199
 #, c-format
 msgid "The bundle requires this ref:"
 msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs:"
 msgstr[0] "Lệnh bundle yêu cầu %d tham chiếu này:"
 
-#: bundle.c:251
+#: bundle.c:258
 msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
 msgstr "Không thể sản sinh đối tượng gói"
 
@@ -298,203 +1208,455 @@ msgstr "Không thể sản sinh đối tượng gói"
 msgid "pack-objects died"
 msgstr "đối tượng gói đã chết"
 
-#: bundle.c:309
+#: bundle.c:311
 msgid "rev-list died"
 msgstr "rev-list đã chết"
 
-#: bundle.c:358
+#: bundle.c:360
 #, c-format
 msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
 msgstr "th.chiếu “%s� bị loại trừ bởi các tùy ch�n rev-list"
 
-#: bundle.c:438 builtin/log.c:153 builtin/log.c:1342 builtin/shortlog.c:261
+#: bundle.c:450 builtin/log.c:183 builtin/log.c:1607 builtin/shortlog.c:303
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
 msgstr "đối số không được thừa nhận: %s"
 
-#: bundle.c:444
+#: bundle.c:458
 msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
-msgstr "Từ chối tạo một bundle trống rỗng."
+msgstr "Từ chối tạo một bó dữ liệu trống rỗng."
 
-#: bundle.c:454
+#: bundle.c:470
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot create '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể tạo “%s�"
 
-#: bundle.c:475
+#: bundle.c:498
 msgid "index-pack died"
 msgstr "mục lục gói đã chết"
 
-#: color.c:260
+#: color.c:296
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid color value: %.*s"
 msgstr "giá trị màu không hợp lệ: %.*s"
 
-#: commit.c:40
+#: commit.c:43 sequencer.c:2364 builtin/am.c:421 builtin/am.c:465
+#: builtin/am.c:1436 builtin/am.c:2072 builtin/replace.c:376
+#: builtin/replace.c:448
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not parse %s"
 msgstr "không thể phân tích cú pháp %s"
 
-#: commit.c:42
+#: commit.c:45
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
 msgstr "%s %s không phải là một lần chuyển giao!"
 
-#: compat/obstack.c:406 compat/obstack.c:408
+#: commit.c:182
+msgid ""
+"Support for <GIT_DIR>/info/grafts is deprecated\n"
+"and will be removed in a future Git version.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please use \"git replace --convert-graft-file\"\n"
+"to convert the grafts into replace refs.\n"
+"\n"
+"Turn this message off by running\n"
+"\"git config advice.graftFileDeprecated false\""
+msgstr ""
+"Việc hỗ trợ cho <GIT_DIR>/info/grafts đã lạc hậu\n"
+"và sẽ bị xóa b� ở phiên bản Git tương lai.\n"
+"\n"
+"Vui lòng dùng \"git replace --convert-graft-file\"\n"
+"để chuyển đổi các graft thành các tham chiếu thay thế.\n"
+"\n"
+"Tắt l�i nhắn này bằng cách chạy\n"
+"\"git config advice.graftFileDeprecated false\""
+
+#: commit.c:1540
+msgid ""
+"Warning: commit message did not conform to UTF-8.\n"
+"You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
+"variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Cảnh báo: ghi chú cho lần chuyển giao không hợp chuẩn UTF-8.\n"
+"Bạn có lẽ muốn tu bổ nó sau khi sửa l�i chú thích, hoặc là đặt biến\n"
+"cấu hình i18n.commitencoding thành bảng mã mà dự án của bạn muốn dùng.\n"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:669
+#, c-format
+msgid "the commit graph format cannot write %d commits"
+msgstr "định dạng đồ h�a các lần chuyển giao không thể ghi %d lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:696
+msgid "too many commits to write graph"
+msgstr "có quá nhi�u lần chuyển giao để ghi đồ thị"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:707 builtin/init-db.c:516 builtin/init-db.c:521
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr "không thể mkdir (tạo thư mục): %s"
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:405 compat/obstack.c:407
 msgid "memory exhausted"
 msgstr "hết bộ nhớ"
 
-#: config.c:469 config.c:471
+#: config.c:187
+msgid "relative config include conditionals must come from files"
+msgstr "các đi�u kiện bao gồm cấu hình liên quan phải đến từ các tập tin"
+
+#: config.c:788
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad config file line %d in %s"
-msgstr "tập tin cấu hình sai tại dòng %d trong %s"
+msgid "bad config line %d in blob %s"
+msgstr "tập tin cấu hình sai tại dòng %d trong blob %s"
 
-#: config.c:587
+#: config.c:792
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
-msgstr "sai giá trị bằng số của cấu hình “%s� cho “%s� trong %s: %s"
+msgid "bad config line %d in file %s"
+msgstr "cấu hình sai tại dòng %d trong tập tin %s"
+
+#: config.c:796
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in standard input"
+msgstr "cấu hình sai tại dòng %d trong đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
+
+#: config.c:800
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in submodule-blob %s"
+msgstr "cấu hình sai tại dòng %d trong blob-mô-đun-con %s"
+
+#: config.c:804
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in command line %s"
+msgstr "cấu hình sai tại dòng %d trong dòng lệnh %s"
+
+#: config.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in %s"
+msgstr "cấu hình sai tại dòng %d trong %s"
 
-#: config.c:589
+#: config.c:936
+msgid "out of range"
+msgstr "nằm ngoài phạm vi"
+
+#: config.c:936
+msgid "invalid unit"
+msgstr "đơn vị không hợp lệ"
+
+#: config.c:942
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': %s"
 msgstr "sai giá trị bằng số của cấu hình “%s� cho “%s�: %s"
 
-#: config.c:674
+#: config.c:947
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in blob %s: %s"
+msgstr "sai giá trị bằng số của cấu hình “%s� cho “%s� trong blob %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:950
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in file %s: %s"
+msgstr "sai giá trị bằng số của cấu hình “%s� cho “%s� trong tập tin %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:953
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in standard input: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"sai giá trị bằng số của cấu hình “%s� cho “%s� trong đầu vào tiêu chuẩn: %s"
+
+#: config.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in submodule-blob %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"sai giá trị bằng số của cấu hình “%s� cho “%s� trong submodule-blob %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:959
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in command line %s: %s"
+msgstr "sai giá trị bằng số của cấu hình “%s� cho “%s� trong dòng lệnh %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:962
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
+msgstr "sai giá trị bằng số của cấu hình “%s� cho “%s� trong %s: %s"
+
+#: config.c:1057
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to expand user dir in: '%s'"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi mở rộng thư mục ngư�i dùng trong: “%s�"
 
-#: config.c:752 config.c:763
+#: config.c:1066
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
+msgstr "“%s� dành cho “%s� không phải là dấu vết th�i gian hợp lệ"
+
+#: config.c:1171 config.c:1182
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad zlib compression level %d"
 msgstr "mức nén zlib %d là sai"
 
-#: config.c:885
+#: config.c:1307
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid mode for object creation: %s"
 msgstr "chế độ không hợp lệ đối với việc tạo đối tượng: %s"
 
-#: config.c:1211
+#: config.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack compression level %d"
+msgstr "mức nén gói %d không hợp lệ"
+
+#: config.c:1681
 msgid "unable to parse command-line config"
 msgstr "không thể phân tích cấu hình dòng lệnh"
 
-#: config.c:1272
-msgid "unknown error occured while reading the configuration files"
+#: config.c:2013
+msgid "unknown error occurred while reading the configuration files"
 msgstr "đã có lỗi chưa biết xảy ra trong khi đ�c các tập tin cấu hình"
 
-#: config.c:1596
+#: config.c:2200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "%s không hợp lệ: “%s�"
+
+#: config.c:2243
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown core.untrackedCache value '%s'; using 'keep' default value"
+msgstr ""
+"không hiểu giá trị core.untrackedCache “%s�; dùng giá trị mặc định “keep�"
+
+#: config.c:2269
+#, c-format
+msgid "splitIndex.maxPercentChange value '%d' should be between 0 and 100"
+msgstr "giá trị splitIndex.maxPercentChange “%d� phải nằm giữa 0 và 100"
+
+#: config.c:2294
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse '%s' from command-line config"
 msgstr "không thể phân tích “%s� từ cấu hình dòng lệnh"
 
-#: config.c:1598
+#: config.c:2296
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad config variable '%s' in file '%s' at line %d"
 msgstr "sai biến cấu hình “%s� trong tập tin “%s� tại dòng %d"
 
-#: config.c:1657
+#: config.c:2402
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s has multiple values"
 msgstr "%s có đa giá trị"
 
-#: connected.c:69
+#: config.c:2766 config.c:3019
+#, c-format
+msgid "fstat on %s failed"
+msgstr "fstat trên %s gặp lỗi"
+
+#: config.c:2905
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not set '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể đặt “%s� thành “%s�"
+
+#: config.c:2907 builtin/remote.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not unset '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể thôi đặt “%s�"
+
+#: connect.c:61
+msgid "The remote end hung up upon initial contact"
+msgstr "Máy chủ bị treo trên lần tiếp xúc đầu tiên"
+
+#: connect.c:63
+msgid ""
+"Could not read from remote repository.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please make sure you have the correct access rights\n"
+"and the repository exists."
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể đ�c từ kho trên mạng.\n"
+"\n"
+"Vui lòng chắc chắn là bạn có đủ thẩm quy�n truy cập\n"
+"và kho chứa đã sẵn có."
+
+#: connected.c:66 builtin/fsck.c:201 builtin/prune.c:145
+msgid "Checking connectivity"
+msgstr "�ang kiểm tra kết nối"
+
+#: connected.c:78
 msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
 msgstr "Không thể chạy “git rev-list�"
 
-#: connected.c:89
+#: connected.c:98
+msgid "failed write to rev-list"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi ghi vào rev-list"
+
+#: connected.c:105
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đóng đầu vào chuẩn stdin của rev-list"
+
+#: convert.c:206
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
-msgstr "gặp lỗi khi ghi vào rev-list: %s"
+msgid "CRLF would be replaced by LF in %s."
+msgstr "CRLF nên được thay bằng LF trong %s."
 
-#: connected.c:97
+#: convert.c:208
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
-msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đóng đầu vào chuẩn stdin của rev-list: %s"
+msgid ""
+"CRLF will be replaced by LF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"CRLF sẽ bị thay thế bằng LF trong %s.\n"
+"Tập tin sẽ có kiểu xuống dòng như bản gốc trong thư mục làm việc của bạn."
 
-#: date.c:95
-msgid "in the future"
-msgstr "trong tÆ°Æ¡ng lai"
+#: convert.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "LF would be replaced by CRLF in %s"
+msgstr "LF nên thay bằng CRLF trong %s"
 
-#: date.c:101
+#: convert.c:218
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu second ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu seconds ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu giây trước"
+msgid ""
+"LF will be replaced by CRLF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"LF sẽ bị thay thế bằng CRLF trong %s.\n"
+"Tập tin sẽ có kiểu xuống dòng như bản gốc trong thư mục làm việc của bạn."
 
-#: date.c:108
+#: convert.c:279
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu minute ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu minutes ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu phút trước"
+msgid "BOM is prohibited in '%s' if encoded as %s"
+msgstr "BOM bị cấm trong “%s� nếu được mã hóa là %s"
 
-#: date.c:115
+#: convert.c:286
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu hour ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu hours ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu gi� trước"
+msgid ""
+"The file '%s' contains a byte order mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%s as working-"
+"tree-encoding."
+msgstr ""
+"Tập tin “%s� có chứa ký hiệu thứ tự byte (BOM). Vui lòng dùng UTF-%s như là "
+"bảng mã cây làm việc."
+
+#: convert.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "BOM is required in '%s' if encoded as %s"
+msgstr "BOM là bắt buộc trong “%s� nếu được mã hóa là %s"
+
+#: convert.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The file '%s' is missing a byte order mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%sBE or UTF-"
+"%sLE (depending on the byte order) as working-tree-encoding."
+msgstr ""
+"Tập tin “%s� còn thiếu ký hiệu thứ tự byte (BOM). Vui lòng dùng UTF-%sBE hay "
+"UTF-%sLE (còn phục thuộc vào thứ tự byte) như là bảng mã cây làm việc."
+
+#: convert.c:424
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to encode '%s' from %s to %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi mã hóa “%s�  từ “%s� sang “%s�"
+
+#: convert.c:467
+#, c-format
+msgid "encoding '%s' from %s to %s and back is not the same"
+msgstr "mã hóa “%s� từ %s thành %s và ngược trở lại không phải là cùng"
+
+#: convert.c:1225
+msgid "true/false are no valid working-tree-encodings"
+msgstr "true/false là không phải bảng mã cây làm việc hợp lệ "
+
+#: date.c:116
+msgid "in the future"
+msgstr "ở th�i tương lai"
 
 #: date.c:122
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu day ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu days ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu ngày trước"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> second ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> seconds ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> giây trước"
 
-#: date.c:128
+#: date.c:129
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu week ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu weeks ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu tuần trước"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> minutes ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> phút trước"
 
-#: date.c:135
+#: date.c:136
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu month ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu months ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu tháng trước"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> hours ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> gi� trước"
 
-#: date.c:146
+#: date.c:143
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu year"
-msgid_plural "%lu years"
-msgstr[0] "%lu năm"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> day ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> days ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> ngày trước"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: "%s" is "<n> years"
 #: date.c:149
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s, %lu month ago"
-msgid_plural "%s, %lu months ago"
-msgstr[0] "%s, %lu tháng trước"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> week ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> weeks ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> tuần trước"
+
+#: date.c:156
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> tháng trước"
+
+#: date.c:167
+#, c-format
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> năm"
 
-#: date.c:154 date.c:159
+#. TRANSLATORS: "%s" is "<n> years"
+#: date.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, %<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%s, %<PRIuMAX> tháng trước"
+
+#: date.c:175 date.c:180
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu year ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu năm trước"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> năm trước"
 
 #: diffcore-order.c:24
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to read orderfile '%s'"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đ�c tập-tin-thứ-tự “%s�"
 
-#: diffcore-rename.c:516
+#: diffcore-rename.c:535
 msgid "Performing inexact rename detection"
 msgstr "�ang thực hiện dò tìm đổi tên không chính xác"
 
-#: diff.c:114
+#: diff.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' requires a value"
+msgstr "tùy ch�n “%s� yêu cầu một giá trị"
+
+#: diff.c:152
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
 msgstr "  Gặp lỗi khi phân tích dirstat cắt b� phần trăm “%s�\n"
 
-#: diff.c:119
+#: diff.c:157
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
 msgstr "  Không hiểu đối số dirstat “%s�\n"
 
-#: diff.c:214
+#: diff.c:281
+msgid ""
+"color moved setting must be one of 'no', 'default', 'zebra', 'dimmed_zebra', "
+"'plain'"
+msgstr ""
+"cài đặt màu đã di chuyển phải là một trong “no�, “default�, “zebra�, "
+"“dimmed_zebra�, “plain�"
+
+#: diff.c:341
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
 msgstr "Không hiểu giá trị cho biến cấu hình “diff.submodule�: “%s�"
 
-#: diff.c:266
+#: diff.c:401
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
@@ -503,16 +1665,24 @@ msgstr ""
 "Tìm thấy các lỗi trong biến cấu hình “diff.dirstat�:\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:2957
+#: diff.c:3823
 #, c-format
 msgid "external diff died, stopping at %s"
 msgstr "phần m�m diff ở bên ngoài đã chết, dừng tại %s"
 
-#: diff.c:3352
+#: diff.c:4153
+msgid "--name-only, --name-status, --check and -s are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "--name-only, --name-status, --check và -s loại từ lẫn nhau"
+
+#: diff.c:4156
+msgid "-G, -S and --find-object are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "Các tùy ch�n -G, -S, và --find-object loại từ lẫn nhau"
+
+#: diff.c:4244
 msgid "--follow requires exactly one pathspec"
 msgstr "--follow cần chính xác một đặc tả đư�ng dẫn"
 
-#: diff.c:3515
+#: diff.c:4410
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
@@ -521,62 +1691,370 @@ msgstr ""
 "Gặp lỗi khi phân tích đối số tùy ch�n --dirstat/-X:\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:3529
+#: diff.c:4424
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân tích đối số tùy ch�n --submodule: “%s�"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:129 gpg-interface.c:200
-msgid "could not run gpg."
-msgstr "không thể chạy gpg."
+#: diff.c:5500
+msgid "inexact rename detection was skipped due to too many files."
+msgstr ""
+"nhận thấy đổi tên không chính xác đã bị b� qua bởi có quá nhi�u tập tin."
+
+#: diff.c:5503
+msgid "only found copies from modified paths due to too many files."
+msgstr ""
+"chỉ tìm thấy các bản sao từ đư�ng dẫn đã sửa đổi bởi vì có quá nhi�u tập tin."
+
+#: diff.c:5506
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you may want to set your %s variable to at least %d and retry the command."
+msgstr ""
+"bạn có lẽ muốn đặt biến %s của bạn thành ít nhất là %d và thử lại lệnh lần "
+"nữa."
+
+#: dir.c:1867
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open directory '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể mở thư mục “%s�"
+
+#: dir.c:2109
+msgid "failed to get kernel name and information"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi lấy tên và thông tin của nhân"
+
+#: dir.c:2233
+msgid "Untracked cache is disabled on this system or location."
+msgstr "Bộ nhớ tạm không theo vết bị tắt trên hệ thống hay vị trí này."
+
+#: dir.c:3075 dir.c:3080
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directories for %s"
+msgstr "không thể tạo thư mục cho %s"
+
+#: dir.c:3109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not migrate git directory from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể di cư thư mục git từ “%s� sang “%s�"
+
+#: editor.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: Waiting for your editor to close the file...%c"
+msgstr "gợi ý: Ch� trình biên soạn của bạn đóng tập tin…%c"
+
+#: entry.c:177
+msgid "Filtering content"
+msgstr "Nội dung l�c"
+
+#: entry.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat file '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể lấy thống kê tập tin “%s�"
+
+#: fetch-object.c:17
+msgid "Remote with no URL"
+msgstr "Máy chủ không có địa chỉ URL"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:254
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected shallow list"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: cần danh sách shallow"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:266
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: cần ACK/NAK, nhưng lại nhận được một gói flush"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:285 builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr "lỗi máy chủ: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: cần ACK/NAK, nhưng lại nhận được “%s�"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:338
+msgid "--stateless-rpc requires multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "--stateless-rpc cần multi_ack_detailed"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:429 fetch-pack.c:1310
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid shallow line: %s"
+msgstr "dòng shallow không hợp lệ: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:435 fetch-pack.c:1316
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid unshallow line: %s"
+msgstr "dòng unshallow không hợp lệ: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:437 fetch-pack.c:1318
+#, c-format
+msgid "object not found: %s"
+msgstr "Không tìm thấy đối tượng: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:440 fetch-pack.c:1321
+#, c-format
+msgid "error in object: %s"
+msgstr "lỗi trong đối tượng: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:442 fetch-pack.c:1323
+#, c-format
+msgid "no shallow found: %s"
+msgstr "không tìm shallow nào: %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:445 fetch-pack.c:1326
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected shallow/unshallow, got %s"
+msgstr "cần shallow/unshallow, nhưng lại nhận được %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:486
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s %d %s"
+msgstr "nhận %s %d - %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit %s"
+msgstr "lần chuyển giao %s không hợp lệ"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:533
+msgid "giving up"
+msgstr "chịu thua"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:543 progress.c:229
+msgid "done"
+msgstr "xong"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:555
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s (%d) %s"
+msgstr "nhận %s (%d) %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:601
+#, c-format
+msgid "Marking %s as complete"
+msgstr "�ánh dấu %s là đã hoàn thành"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:828
+#, c-format
+msgid "already have %s (%s)"
+msgstr "đã sẵn có %s (%s)"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:869
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "fetch-pack: không thể rẽ nhánh sideband demultiplexer"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:877
+msgid "protocol error: bad pack header"
+msgstr "lỗi giao thức: phần đầu gói bị sai"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:944
+#, c-format
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off %s"
+msgstr "fetch-pack: không thể rẽ nhánh %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:960
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s failed"
+msgstr "%s gặp lỗi"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:962
+msgid "error in sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "có lỗi trong sideband demultiplexer"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:989
+msgid "Server does not support shallow clients"
+msgstr "Máy chủ không hỗ trợ máy khách shallow"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:993
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "Máy chủ hỗ trợ multi_ack_detailed"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:996
+msgid "Server supports no-done"
+msgstr "Máy chủ hỗ trợ no-done"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1002
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack"
+msgstr "Máy chủ hỗ trợ multi_ack"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1006
+msgid "Server supports side-band-64k"
+msgstr "Máy chủ hỗ trợ side-band-64k"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1010
+msgid "Server supports side-band"
+msgstr "Máy chủ hỗ trợ side-band"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1014
+msgid "Server supports allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "Máy chủ hỗ trợ allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1018
+msgid "Server supports allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "Máy chủ hỗ trợ allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1028
+msgid "Server supports ofs-delta"
+msgstr "Máy chủ hỗ trợ ofs-delta"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1034 fetch-pack.c:1204
+msgid "Server supports filter"
+msgstr "Máy chủ hỗ trợ bộ l�c"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1042
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server version is %.*s"
+msgstr "Phiên bản máy chủ là %.*s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1048
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-since"
+msgstr "Máy chủ không hỗ trợ --shallow-since"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1052
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-exclude"
+msgstr "Máy chủ không hỗ trợ --shallow-exclude"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1054
+msgid "Server does not support --deepen"
+msgstr "Máy chủ không hỗ trợ --deepen"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1065
+msgid "no common commits"
+msgstr "không có lần chuyển giao chung nào"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:141
-msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
-msgstr "gpg đã không chấp nhận dữ liệu"
+#: fetch-pack.c:1077 fetch-pack.c:1414
+msgid "git fetch-pack: fetch failed."
+msgstr "git fetch-pack: fetch gặp lỗi."
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:152
+#: fetch-pack.c:1199
+msgid "Server does not support shallow requests"
+msgstr "Máy chủ không hỗ trợ yêu cầu shallow"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1584
+msgid "no matching remote head"
+msgstr "không khớp phần đầu máy chủ"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1610
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such remote ref %s"
+msgstr "Không có máy chủ tham chiếu nào như %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1613
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server does not allow request for unadvertised object %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Máy phục vụ không cho phép yêu cầu cho đối tượng không được báo trước %s"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:185
 msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
 msgstr "gpg gặp lỗi khi ký dữ liệu"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:185
+#: gpg-interface.c:210
+msgid "could not create temporary file"
+msgstr "không thể tạo tập tin tạm th�i"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:213
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create temporary file '%s': %s"
-msgstr "không thể tạo tập tin tạm th�i “%s�: %s"
+msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi ghi chữ ký đính kèm vào “%s�"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:188
+#: graph.c:97
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s': %s"
-msgstr "gặp lỗi khi ghi chữ ký đính kèm vào “%s�: %s"
+msgid "ignore invalid color '%.*s' in log.graphColors"
+msgstr "b� qua màu không hợp lệ “%.*s� trong log.graphColors"
 
-#: grep.c:1718
+#: grep.c:2020
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
 msgstr "“%s�: không thể đ�c %s"
 
-#: grep.c:1735
+#: grep.c:2037 setup.c:164 builtin/clone.c:409 builtin/diff.c:81
+#: builtin/rm.c:134
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': %s"
-msgstr "“%s�: %s"
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi lấy thống kê v� “%s�"
 
-#: grep.c:1746
+#: grep.c:2048
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': short read %s"
-msgstr "“%s�: đ�c ngắn %s"
+msgid "'%s': short read"
+msgstr "“%s�: đ�c ngắn"
+
+#: help.c:23
+msgid "start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)"
+msgstr "bắt đầu một vùng làm việc (xem thêm: git help tutorial)"
+
+#: help.c:24
+msgid "work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)"
+msgstr "làm việc trên thay đổi hiện tại (xem thêm: git help everyday)"
+
+#: help.c:25
+msgid "examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)"
+msgstr "xem xét lịch sử tình trạng (xem thêm: git help revisions)"
+
+#: help.c:26
+msgid "grow, mark and tweak your common history"
+msgstr "thêm, ghi dấu và chỉnh lịch sử chung của bạn"
+
+#: help.c:27
+msgid "collaborate (see also: git help workflows)"
+msgstr "làm việc nhóm (xem thêm: git help workflows)"
+
+#: help.c:31
+msgid "Main Porcelain Commands"
+msgstr "Các lệnh Porcelain chính"
 
-#: help.c:207
+#: help.c:32
+msgid "Ancillary Commands / Manipulators"
+msgstr "Lệnh/thao tác thứ cấp"
+
+#: help.c:33
+msgid "Ancillary Commands / Interrogators"
+msgstr "Lệnh/bộ h�i thứ cấp"
+
+#: help.c:34
+msgid "Interacting with Others"
+msgstr "Tương tác với những cái khác"
+
+#: help.c:35
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Manipulators"
+msgstr "Lệnh/thao tác ở mức thấp"
+
+#: help.c:36
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Interrogators"
+msgstr "Lệnh/bộ h�i ở mức thấp"
+
+#: help.c:37
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Synching Repositories"
+msgstr "Lệnh/�ồng bộ kho ở mức thấp"
+
+#: help.c:38
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Internal Helpers"
+msgstr "Lệnh/Hỗ trợ nội tại ở mức thấp"
+
+#: help.c:293
 #, c-format
 msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
 msgstr "các lệnh git sẵn có trong thư mục “%s�:"
 
-#: help.c:214
+#: help.c:300
 msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
 msgstr "các lệnh git sẵn có từ một nơi khác trong $PATH của bạn"
 
-#: help.c:230
-msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
-msgstr "Những lệnh git hay được dùng nhất là:"
+#: help.c:309
+msgid "These are common Git commands used in various situations:"
+msgstr "Có các lệnh Git chung được sử dụng trong các tình huống khác nhau:"
+
+#: help.c:358 git.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported command listing type '%s'"
+msgstr "không hỗ trợ liệt kê lệnh kiểu “%s�"
+
+#: help.c:405
+msgid "The common Git guides are:"
+msgstr "Các chỉ dẫn chung v� Git là:"
 
-#: help.c:289
+#: help.c:467
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
@@ -585,30 +2063,51 @@ msgstr ""
 "“%s� trông như là một lệnh git, nhưng chúng tôi không\n"
 "thể thực thi nó. Có lẽ là lệnh git-%s đã bị h�ng?"
 
-#: help.c:346
+#: help.c:526
 msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
 msgstr "�i chà. Hệ thống của bạn báo rằng chẳng có lệnh Git nào cả."
 
-#: help.c:368
+#: help.c:548
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
-"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-"CẢNH B�O: Bạn đã g�i lệnh Git có tên “%s�, mà nó lại không có sẵn.\n"
-"Tiếp tục và coi rằng ý bạn là “%s�"
+msgid "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist."
+msgstr "CẢNH B�O: Bạn đã g�i lệnh Git có tên “%s�, mà nó lại không có sẵn."
+
+#: help.c:553
+#, c-format
+msgid "Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr "Tiếp tục và coi rằng ý bạn là “%s�."
 
-#: help.c:373
+#: help.c:558
 #, c-format
-msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
-msgstr "trong %0.1f giây một cách tự động…"
+msgid "Continuing in %0.1f seconds, assuming that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr "Tiếp tục trong %0.1f giây,và coi rằng ý bạn là “%s�."
 
-#: help.c:380
+#: help.c:566
 #, c-format
 msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
 msgstr "git: “%s� không phải là một lệnh của git. Xem “git --help�."
 
-#: help.c:384 help.c:444
+#: help.c:570
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar command is"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar commands are"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"\n"
+"Những lệnh giống nhất là"
+
+#: help.c:585
+msgid "git version [<options>]"
+msgstr "git version [<các-tùy-ch�n>]"
+
+#: help.c:652
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s - %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s - %s"
+
+#: help.c:656
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Did you mean this?"
@@ -619,100 +2118,257 @@ msgstr[0] ""
 "\n"
 "Có phải ý bạn là một trong số những cái này không?"
 
-#: help.c:440
+#: ident.c:342
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"*** Please tell me who you are.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"\n"
+"to set your account's default identity.\n"
+"Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"*** Vui lòng cho biết bạn là ai.\n"
+"\n"
+"Chạy\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"bạn@ví_dụ.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Tên Của Bạn\"\n"
+"\n"
+"để đặt định danh mặc định cho tài khoản của bạn.\n"
+"B� tùy ch�n --global nếu chỉ định danh riêng cho kho này.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: ident.c:366
+msgid "no email was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "không đưa ra địa chỉ thư điện tử và auto-detection bị tắt"
+
+#: ident.c:371
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: %s - %s"
-msgstr "%s: %s - %s"
+msgid "unable to auto-detect email address (got '%s')"
+msgstr "không thể tự dò tìm địa chỉ thư điện tử (nhận “%s�)"
+
+#: ident.c:381
+msgid "no name was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "chưa chỉ ra tên và tự-động-dò-tìm bị tắt"
+
+#: ident.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to auto-detect name (got '%s')"
+msgstr "không thể dò-tìm-tự động tên (đã nhận “%s�)"
 
-#: lockfile.c:283
-msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that is still open"
-msgstr "LỖI: mở lại tập tin khóa mà nó lại đang được mở"
+#: ident.c:395
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty ident name (for <%s>) not allowed"
+msgstr "không cho phép tên định danh là rỗng (cho <%s>)"
 
-#: lockfile.c:285
-msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that has been committed"
-msgstr "LỖI: mở lại tập tin khóa mà nó đã được chuyển giao"
+#: ident.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "name consists only of disallowed characters: %s"
+msgstr "tên chỉ được phép bao gồm các ký tự sau: %s"
 
-#: merge.c:41
+#: ident.c:416 builtin/commit.c:587
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid date format: %s"
+msgstr "ngày tháng không hợp lệ: %s"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:36
+msgid "multiple filter-specs cannot be combined"
+msgstr "không thể tổ hợp nhi�u đặc tả kiểu l�c"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:126
+msgid "cannot change partial clone promisor remote"
+msgstr "không thể thay đổi nhân bản từng phần máy chủ promisor"
+
+#: lockfile.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to create '%s.lock': %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another git process seems to be running in this repository, e.g.\n"
+"an editor opened by 'git commit'. Please make sure all processes\n"
+"are terminated then try again. If it still fails, a git process\n"
+"may have crashed in this repository earlier:\n"
+"remove the file manually to continue."
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể tạo “%s.lock�: %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Tiến trình git khác có lẽ đang chạy ở kho này, ví dụ\n"
+"một trình soạn thảo được mở bởi “git commit�. Vui lòng chắc chắn\n"
+"rằng m�i tiến trình đã chấm dứt và sau đó thử lại. Nếu vẫn lỗi,\n"
+"một tiến trình git có lẽ đã đổ vỡ khi thực hiện ở kho này trước đó:\n"
+"gõ b� tập tin một cách thủ công để tiếp tục."
+
+#: lockfile.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to create '%s.lock': %s"
+msgstr "Không thể tạo “%s.lock�: %s"
+
+#: merge.c:71
 msgid "failed to read the cache"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đ�c bộ nhớ đệm"
 
-#: merge.c:94 builtin/checkout.c:374 builtin/checkout.c:580
-#: builtin/clone.c:662
+#: merge.c:136 builtin/am.c:1946 builtin/am.c:1980 builtin/checkout.c:378
+#: builtin/checkout.c:606 builtin/clone.c:761
 msgid "unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:189
-#, c-format
+#: merge-recursive.c:298
 msgid "(bad commit)\n"
 msgstr "(commit sai)\n"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:209
+#: merge-recursive.c:320
+#, c-format
+msgid "add_cacheinfo failed for path '%s'; merge aborting."
+msgstr "addinfo_cache gặp lỗi đối với đư�ng dẫn “%s�; việc hòa trộn bị bãi b�."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:328
 #, c-format
-msgid "addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'"
-msgstr "addinfo_cache gặp lỗi đối với đư�ng dẫn “%s�"
+msgid "add_cacheinfo failed to refresh for path '%s'; merge aborting."
+msgstr ""
+"addinfo_cache gặp lỗi khi làm mới đối với đư�ng dẫn “%s�; việc hòa trộn bị "
+"bãi b�."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:270
+#: merge-recursive.c:410
 msgid "error building trees"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi xây dựng cây"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:688
+#: merge-recursive.c:881
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create path '%s'%s"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi tạo đư�ng dẫn “%s�%s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:699
+#: merge-recursive.c:892
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"
 msgstr "Gỡ b� %s để tạo chỗ (room) cho thư mục con\n"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:713 merge-recursive.c:734
+#: merge-recursive.c:906 merge-recursive.c:925
 msgid ": perhaps a D/F conflict?"
 msgstr ": có lẽ là một xung đột D/F?"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:724
+#: merge-recursive.c:915
 #, c-format
 msgid "refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"
 msgstr "từ chối đóng tập tin không được theo dõi tại “%s�"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:764
+#: merge-recursive.c:957 builtin/cat-file.c:37
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read object %s '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c đối tượng %s “%s�"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:766
+#: merge-recursive.c:959
 #, c-format
 msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
-msgstr "đối tượng blob được mong đợi cho %s “%s�"
+msgstr "mong đợi đối tượng blob cho %s “%s�"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:789 builtin/clone.c:321
+#: merge-recursive.c:983
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to open '%s'"
-msgstr "gặp lỗi khi mở “%s�"
+msgid "failed to open '%s': %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi mở “%s�: %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:797
+#: merge-recursive.c:994
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to symlink '%s'"
-msgstr "gặp lỗi khi tạo liên kết m�m (symlink) “%s�"
+msgid "failed to symlink '%s': %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi tạo liên kết m�m (symlink) “%s�: %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:800
+#: merge-recursive.c:999
 #, c-format
 msgid "do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"
 msgstr "không hiểu phải làm gì với %06o %s “%s�"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:938
+#: merge-recursive.c:1186
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (not checked out)"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi hòa trộn mô-đun-con “%s� (không lấy ra được)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1193
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (commits not present)"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi hòa trộn mô-đun-con “%s� (lần chuyển giao không hiện diện)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (commits don't follow merge-base)"
+msgstr ""
+"Gặp lỗi khi hòa trộn mô-đun-con “%s� (lần chuyển giao không theo sau n�n-hòa-"
+"trá»™n)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1208 merge-recursive.c:1220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding submodule %s to the following commit:"
+msgstr "Chuyển-tiếp-nhanh mô-đun-con “%s� đến lần chuyển giao sau đây:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1211 merge-recursive.c:1223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding submodule %s"
+msgstr "Chuyển-tiếp-nhanh mô-đun-con “%s�"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1245
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (merge following commits not found)"
+msgstr ""
+"Gặp lỗi khi hòa trộn mô-đun-con “%s� (không tìm thấy các lần chuyển giao "
+"theo sau hòa trộn)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1249
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (not fast-forward)"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi hòa trộn mô-đun-con “%s� (không chuyển tiếp nhanh được)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1250
+msgid "Found a possible merge resolution for the submodule:\n"
+msgstr "Tìm thấy một giải pháp hòa trộn có thể cho mô-đun-con:\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1253
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If this is correct simply add it to the index for example\n"
+"by using:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n"
+"\n"
+"which will accept this suggestion.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nếu đây là đúng đơn giản thêm nó vào mục lục ví dụ\n"
+"bằng cách dùng:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n"
+"\n"
+"cái mà sẽ chấp nhận gợi ý này.\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1262
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (multiple merges found)"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi hòa trộn mô-đun-con “%s� (thấy nhi�u hòa trộn đa trùng)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1321
 msgid "Failed to execute internal merge"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi thực hiện trộn nội bộ"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:942
+#: merge-recursive.c:1326
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add %s to database"
 msgstr "Không thể thêm %s vào cơ sở dữ liệu"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:958
-msgid "unsupported object type in the tree"
-msgstr "kiểu đối tượng không được hỗ trợ trong cây (tree)"
+#: merge-recursive.c:1358
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto-merging %s"
+msgstr "Tự-động-hòa-trộn %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1423
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error: Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; writing to %s instead."
+msgstr ""
+"Lỗi: từ chối đóng tập tin không được theo dõi tại “%s�; thay vào đó ghi vào "
+"%s."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1033 merge-recursive.c:1047
+#: merge-recursive.c:1475
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
@@ -721,7 +2377,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "XUNG �ỘT (%s/xóa): %s bị xóa trong %s và %s trong %s. Phiên bản %s của %s "
 "còn lại trong cây (tree)."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1039 merge-recursive.c:1052
+#: merge-recursive.c:1480
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree."
+msgstr ""
+"XUNG �ỘT (%s/xóa): %s bị xóa trong %s và %s đến %s trong %s. Phiên bản %s "
+"của %s còn lại trong cây (tree)."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1487
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
@@ -730,20 +2395,42 @@ msgstr ""
 "XUNG �ỘT (%s/xóa): %s bị xóa trong %s và %s trong %s. Phiên bản %s của %s "
 "còn lại trong cây (tree) tại %s."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1093
+#: merge-recursive.c:1492
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+"XUNG �ỘT (%s/xóa): %s bị xóa trong %s và %s đến %s trong %s. Phiên bản %s "
+"của %s còn lại trong cây (tree) tại %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1526
 msgid "rename"
 msgstr "đổi tên"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1093
+#: merge-recursive.c:1526
 msgid "renamed"
 msgstr "đã đổi tên"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1149
+#: merge-recursive.c:1580 merge-recursive.c:1736 merge-recursive.c:2368
+#: merge-recursive.c:3086
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"
+msgstr "Từ chối đóng tập tin không được theo dõi tại “%s�"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"
 msgstr "%s là một thư mục trong %s thay vào đó thêm vào như là %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1171
+#: merge-recursive.c:1599
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; adding as %s instead"
+msgstr ""
+"Từ chối đóng tập tin không được theo dõi tại “%s�; thay vào đó đang thêm "
+"thành %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1625
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" rename \"%s"
@@ -752,207 +2439,320 @@ msgstr ""
 "XUNG �ỘT (đổi-tên/đổi-tên): �ổi tên \"%s\"->\"%s\" trong nhánh \"%s\" đổi "
 "tên \"%s\"->\"%s\" trong \"%s\"%s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1176
+#: merge-recursive.c:1630
 msgid " (left unresolved)"
 msgstr " (cần giải quyết)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1230
+#: merge-recursive.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename %s->%s in %s. Rename %s->%s in %s"
 msgstr ""
 "XUNG �ỘT (đổi-tên/đổi-tên): �ổi tên %s->%s trong %s. �ổi tên %s->%s trong %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1260
+#: merge-recursive.c:1733
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
 msgstr "�ang đổi tên %s thành %s thay vì %s thành %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1459
+#: merge-recursive.c:1745
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose untracked file at %s, even though it's in the way."
+msgstr ""
+"Từ chối đóng tập tin không được theo dõi tại “%s�, ngay cả khi nó ở trên "
+"đư�ng."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1951
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (directory rename split): Unclear where to place %s because "
+"directory %s was renamed to multiple other directories, with no destination "
+"getting a majority of the files."
+msgstr ""
+"XUNG �ỘT: (thư mục đổi tên chia tách): Không rõ ràng để đặt địa điểm %s bởi "
+"vì thư mục %s đã bị đổi tên thành nhi�u thư mục khác, với không đích đến "
+"nhận một phần nhi�u của các tập tin."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1983
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Existing file/dir at %s in the way of "
+"implicit directory rename(s) putting the following path(s) there: %s."
+msgstr ""
+"XUNG �ỘT: (ngầm đổi tên thư mục): Tập tin/thư mục đã sẵn có tại %s theo cách "
+"của các đổi tên thư mục ngầm đặt (các) đư�ng dẫn sau ở đây: %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1993
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Cannot map more than one path to %s; "
+"implicit directory renames tried to put these paths there: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"XUNG �ỘT: (ngầm đổi tên thư mục): Không thể ánh xạ một đư�ng dẫn thành %s; "
+"các đổi tên thư mục ngầm cố đặt các đư�ng dẫn ở đây: %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2085
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename directory %s->%s in %s. Rename directory %s-"
+">%s in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"XUNG �ỘT (đổi-tên/đổi-tên): �ổi tên thư mục %s->%s trong %s. �ổi tên thư mục "
+"%s->%s trong %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2330
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"WARNING: Avoiding applying %s -> %s rename to %s, because %s itself was "
+"renamed."
+msgstr ""
+"CẢNH B�O: tránh áp dụng %s -> %s đổi thên thành %s, bởi vì bản thân %s cũng "
+"bị đổi tên."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2736
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. %s added in %s"
 msgstr ""
 "XUNG �ỘT (đổi-tên/thêm): �ổi tên %s->%s trong %s. %s được thêm vào trong %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1469
+#: merge-recursive.c:2751
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding merged %s"
 msgstr "Thêm hòa trộn %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1474 merge-recursive.c:1672
+#: merge-recursive.c:2758 merge-recursive.c:3089
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding as %s instead"
 msgstr "Thay vào đó thêm vào %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1525
+#: merge-recursive.c:2914
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read object %s"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c đối tượng %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1528
+#: merge-recursive.c:2917
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s is not a blob"
 msgstr "đối tượng %s không phải là một blob"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1576
+#: merge-recursive.c:2986
 msgid "modify"
 msgstr "sửa đổi"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1576
+#: merge-recursive.c:2986
 msgid "modified"
 msgstr "đã sửa"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1586
+#: merge-recursive.c:2997
 msgid "content"
 msgstr "ná»™i dung"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1593
+#: merge-recursive.c:3004
 msgid "add/add"
 msgstr "thêm/thêm"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1627
+#: merge-recursive.c:3046
 #, c-format
 msgid "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"
 msgstr "�ã b� qua %s (đã có sẵn lần hòa trộn này)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1641
-#, c-format
-msgid "Auto-merging %s"
-msgstr "Tự-động-hòa-trộn %s"
-
-#: merge-recursive.c:1645 git-submodule.sh:1150
+#: merge-recursive.c:3055 git-submodule.sh:895
 msgid "submodule"
 msgstr "mô-đun-con"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1646
+#: merge-recursive.c:3056
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"
 msgstr "XUNG �ỘT (%s): Xung đột hòa trộn trong %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1732
+#: merge-recursive.c:3178
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing %s"
 msgstr "�ang xóa %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1757
+#: merge-recursive.c:3204
 msgid "file/directory"
 msgstr "tập-tin/thư-mục"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1763
+#: merge-recursive.c:3210
 msgid "directory/file"
 msgstr "thư-mục/tập-tin"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1768
+#: merge-recursive.c:3217
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. Adding %s as %s"
 msgstr ""
 "XUNG �ỘT (%s): Ở đây không có thư mục nào có tên %s trong %s. Thêm %s như là "
 "%s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1778
+#: merge-recursive.c:3226
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding %s"
 msgstr "Thêm \"%s\""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1795
-msgid "Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."
-msgstr "Việc hòa trộn h�ng nghiêm tr�ng, không nên để xảy ra."
+#: merge-recursive.c:3267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot merge (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "Bảng mục lục bẩn: không thể hòa trộn (bẩn: %s)"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1814
-msgid "Already up-to-date!"
+#: merge-recursive.c:3271
+msgid "Already up to date!"
 msgstr "�ã cập nhật rồi!"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1823
+#: merge-recursive.c:3280
 #, c-format
 msgid "merging of trees %s and %s failed"
-msgstr "hòa trộn cây (tree) %s và %s gặp lỗi"
-
-#: merge-recursive.c:1853
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unprocessed path??? %s"
-msgstr "�ư�ng dẫn chưa được xử lý??? %s"
+msgstr "hòa trộn các cây %s và %s gặp lỗi"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1898
+#: merge-recursive.c:3379
 msgid "Merging:"
 msgstr "�ang trộn:"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1911
+#: merge-recursive.c:3392
 #, c-format
 msgid "found %u common ancestor:"
 msgid_plural "found %u common ancestors:"
 msgstr[0] "tìm thấy %u tổ tiên chung:"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1948
+#: merge-recursive.c:3431
 msgid "merge returned no commit"
 msgstr "hòa trộn không trả v� lần chuyển giao nào"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2005
+#: merge-recursive.c:3495
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể phân tích đối tượng “%s�"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2016 builtin/merge.c:667
+#: merge-recursive.c:3511 builtin/merge.c:659 builtin/merge.c:816
 msgid "Unable to write index."
 msgstr "Không thể ghi bảng mục lục"
 
-#: notes-utils.c:41
+#: notes-merge.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your previous notes merge (%s exists).\n"
+"Please, use 'git notes merge --commit' or 'git notes merge --abort' to "
+"commit/abort the previous merge before you start a new notes merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn đã chưa hoàn tất hòa trộn ghi chú trước đây (%s vẫn còn).\n"
+"Vui lòng dùng “git notes merge --commit� hay “git notes merge --abort� để "
+"chuyển giao hay bãi b� lần hòa trộn trước đây và bắt đầu một hòa trộn ghi "
+"chú mới."
+
+#: notes-merge.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "You have not concluded your notes merge (%s exists)."
+msgstr "Bạn chưa kết thúc việc hòa trộn ghi chú (%s vẫn tồn tại)."
+
+#: notes-utils.c:43
 msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
 msgstr ""
 "Không thể chuyển giao cây ghi chú chưa được khởi tạo hoặc không được tham "
 "chiếu"
 
-#: notes-utils.c:82
+#: notes-utils.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
 msgstr "Giá trị notes.rewriteMode sai: “%s�"
 
-#: notes-utils.c:92
+#: notes-utils.c:112
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
 msgstr "Từ chối ghi đè ghi chú trong %s (nằm ngoài refs/notes/)"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
-#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
-#: notes-utils.c:119
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of
+#. the environment variable, the second %s is
+#. its value.
+#.
+#: notes-utils.c:142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
 msgstr "Giá trị %s sai: “%s�"
 
-#: object.c:241
+#: object.c:242
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse object: %s"
 msgstr "không thể phân tích đối tượng: “%s�"
 
-#: parse-options.c:546
+#: packfile.c:563
+msgid "offset before end of packfile (broken .idx?)"
+msgstr "vị trí tương đối trước điểm kết thúc của tập tin gói (.idx h�ng à?)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1742
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset before start of pack index for %s (corrupt index?)"
+msgstr "vị trí tương đối nằm trước chỉ mục gói cho %s (mục lục bị h�ng à?)"
+
+#: packfile.c:1746
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset beyond end of pack index for %s (truncated index?)"
+msgstr ""
+"vị trí tương đối vượt quá cuối của chỉ mục gói cho %s (mục lục bị cắt cụt à?)"
+
+#: parse-options.c:621
 msgid "..."
 msgstr "…"
 
-#: parse-options.c:564
+#: parse-options.c:640
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s"
 msgstr "cách dùng: %s"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
-#. one in "usage: %s" translation
-#: parse-options.c:568
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation.
+#.
+#: parse-options.c:646
 #, c-format
 msgid "   or: %s"
 msgstr "     hoặc: %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:571
+#: parse-options.c:649
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %s"
 msgstr "    %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:605
+#: parse-options.c:688
 msgid "-NUM"
 msgstr "-S�"
 
-#: pathspec.c:133
+#: parse-options-cb.c:44
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed expiration date '%s'"
+msgstr "ngày tháng hết hạn dị hình “%s�"
+
+#: parse-options-cb.c:112
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr "tên đối tượng dị hình “%s�"
+
+#: path.c:892
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr "Không thể làm %s được ghi bởi nhóm"
+
+#: pathspec.c:129
+msgid "Escape character '\\' not allowed as last character in attr value"
+msgstr ""
+"Ký tự thoát chuỗi “\\� không được phép là ký tự cuối trong giá trị thuộc tính"
+
+#: pathspec.c:147
+msgid "Only one 'attr:' specification is allowed."
+msgstr "chỉ có một đặc tả “attr:� là được phép."
+
+#: pathspec.c:150
+msgid "attr spec must not be empty"
+msgstr "đặc tả attr phải không được để trống"
+
+#: pathspec.c:193
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid attribute name %s"
+msgstr "tên thuộc tính không hợp lệ %s"
+
+#: pathspec.c:258
 msgid "global 'glob' and 'noglob' pathspec settings are incompatible"
 msgstr ""
 "các cài đặt đặc tả đư�ng dẫn “glob� và “noglob� toàn cục là xung khắc nhau"
 
-#: pathspec.c:143
+#: pathspec.c:265
 msgid ""
 "global 'literal' pathspec setting is incompatible with all other global "
 "pathspec settings"
@@ -960,67 +2760,55 @@ msgstr ""
 "cài đặt đặc tả đư�ng dẫn “literal� toàn cục là xung khắc với các cài đặt đặc "
 "tả đư�ng dẫn toàn cục khác"
 
-#: pathspec.c:177
+#: pathspec.c:305
 msgid "invalid parameter for pathspec magic 'prefix'"
 msgstr "tham số không hợp lệ cho “ti�n tố� màu nhiệm đặc tả đư�ng đẫn"
 
-#: pathspec.c:183
+#: pathspec.c:326
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid pathspec magic '%.*s' in '%s'"
 msgstr "Số màu nhiệm đặc tả đư�ng dẫn không hợp lệ “%.*s� trong “%s�"
 
-#: pathspec.c:187
+#: pathspec.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing ')' at the end of pathspec magic in '%s'"
 msgstr "Thiếu “)� tại cuối của số màu nhiệm đặc tả đư�ng dẫn trong “%s�"
 
-#: pathspec.c:205
+#: pathspec.c:369
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unimplemented pathspec magic '%c' in '%s'"
 msgstr "Chưa viết mã cho số màu nhiệm đặc tả đư�ng dẫn “%c� trong “%s�"
 
-#: pathspec.c:230
+#: pathspec.c:428
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: 'literal' and 'glob' are incompatible"
 msgstr "%s: “literal� và “glob� xung khắc nhau"
 
-#: pathspec.c:241
+#: pathspec.c:441
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: '%s' is outside repository"
 msgstr "%s: “%s� ngoài một kho chứa"
 
-#: pathspec.c:291
+#: pathspec.c:515
 #, c-format
-msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
-msgstr "�ặc tả đư�ng dẫn “%s� thì ở trong mô-đun-con “%.*s�"
+msgid "'%s' (mnemonic: '%c')"
+msgstr "“%s� (mnemonic: “%c�)"
 
-#: pathspec.c:353
+#: pathspec.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: pathspec magic not supported by this command: %s"
 msgstr "%s: số mầu nhiệm đặc tả đư�ng dẫn chưa được hỗ trợ bởi lệnh này: %s"
 
-#: pathspec.c:432
+#: pathspec.c:592
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
 msgstr "đặc tả đư�ng dẫn “%s� vượt ra ngoài liên kết m�m"
 
-#: pathspec.c:441
-msgid ""
-"There is nothing to exclude from by :(exclude) patterns.\n"
-"Perhaps you forgot to add either ':/' or '.' ?"
-msgstr ""
-"Ở đây không có gì bị loại trừ bởi: các mẫu (loại trừ).\n"
-"Có lẽ bạn đã quên thêm hoặc là “:/� hoặc là “.�?"
-
-#: pretty.c:968
+#: pretty.c:962
 msgid "unable to parse --pretty format"
 msgstr "không thể phân tích định dạng --pretty"
 
-#: progress.c:225
-msgid "done"
-msgstr "xong"
-
-#: read-cache.c:1267
+#: read-cache.c:1500
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "index.version set, but the value is invalid.\n"
@@ -1029,7 +2817,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "index.version được đặt, nhưng giá trị của nó lại không hợp lệ.\n"
 "Dùng phiên bản %i"
 
-#: read-cache.c:1277
+#: read-cache.c:1510
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "GIT_INDEX_VERSION set, but the value is invalid.\n"
@@ -1038,64 +2826,397 @@ msgstr ""
 "GIT_INDEX_VERSION được đặt, nhưng giá trị của nó lại không hợp lệ.\n"
 "Dùng phiên bản %i"
 
-#: remote.c:782
+#: read-cache.c:2404 sequencer.c:4338 wrapper.c:658 builtin/merge.c:1048
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not close '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể đóng “%s�"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2477 sequencer.c:2102 sequencer.c:3234
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể lấy thông tin thống kê v� “%s�"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2490
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open git dir: %s"
+msgstr "không thể mở thư mục git: %s"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2502
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to unlink: %s"
+msgstr "không thể b� liên kết (unlink): “%s�"
+
+#: refs.c:732 sequencer.c:4334 sequencer.c:4393 wrapper.c:225 wrapper.c:395
+#: builtin/am.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "không thể mở “%s� để ghi"
+
+#: refs.c:1880
+msgid "ref updates forbidden inside quarantine environment"
+msgstr "cập nhật tham chiếu bị cấm trong môi trư�ng kiểm tra"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1191
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove reference %s"
+msgstr "không thể gỡ b� tham chiếu: %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1205 refs/packed-backend.c:1531
+#: refs/packed-backend.c:1541
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete reference %s: %s"
+msgstr "không thể xóa b� tham chiếu %s: %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1208 refs/packed-backend.c:1544
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete references: %s"
+msgstr "không thể xóa b� tham chiếu: %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:35 wt-status.c:1850
+msgid "gone"
+msgstr "đã ra đi"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d"
+msgstr "phía trước %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:37
+#, c-format
+msgid "behind %d"
+msgstr "đằng sau %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:38
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d, behind %d"
+msgstr "trÆ°á»›c %d, sau %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(color:<color>)"
+msgstr "cần định dạng: %%(color:<color>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized color: %%(color:%s)"
+msgstr "không nhận ra màu: %%(màu:%s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:lstrip=%s"
+msgstr "Giá trị nguyên cần tên tham chiếu:lstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:rstrip=%s"
+msgstr "Giá trị nguyên cần tên tham chiếu:rstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(%s) argument: %s"
+msgstr "đối số không được thừa nhận %%(%s): %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(body) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(body) không nhận các đối số"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(subject) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(subject) không nhận các đối số"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown %%(trailers) argument: %s"
+msgstr "không hiểu tham số %%(trailers): %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:264
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected contents:lines=%s"
+msgstr "cần nội dung mang giá trị dương:lines=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:266
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(contents) argument: %s"
+msgstr "đối số không được thừa nhận %%(contents): %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:281
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected objectname:short=%s"
+msgstr "cần nội dung mang giá trị dương:shot=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:285
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(objectname) argument: %s"
+msgstr "đối số không được thừa nhận %%(objectname): %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(align:<width>,<position>)"
+msgstr "cần định dạng: %%(align:<width>,<position>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:327
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized position:%s"
+msgstr "vị trí không được thừa nhận:%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:334
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized width:%s"
+msgstr "chi�u rộng không được thừa nhận:%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(align) argument: %s"
+msgstr "đối số không được thừa nhận %%(align): %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:351
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive width expected with the %%(align) atom"
+msgstr "cần giá trị độ rộng dương với nguyên tử %%(align)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:369
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(if) argument: %s"
+msgstr "đối số không được thừa nhận %%(if): %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:464
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "tên trư�ng dị hình: %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:491
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "không hiểu tên trư�ng: %.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:608
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(if) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "định dạng: nguyên tử %%(if) được dùng mà không có nguyên tử %%(then)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "định dạng: nguyên tử %%(then) được dùng mà không có nguyên tử %%(if)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:673
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "định dạng: nguyên tử %%(then) được dùng nhi�u hơn một lần"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:675
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used after %%(else)"
+msgstr "định dạng: nguyên tử %%(then) được dùng sau %%(else)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:703
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "định dạng: nguyên tử %%(else) được dùng mà không có nguyên tử %%(if)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:705
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "định dạng: nguyên tử %%(else) được dùng mà không có nguyên tử %%(then)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:707
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "định dạng: nguyên tử %%(else) được dùng nhi�u hơn một lần"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:722
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom used without corresponding atom"
+msgstr "định dạng: nguyên tử %%(end) được dùng mà không có nguyên tử tương ứng"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed format string %s"
+msgstr "chuỗi định dạng dị hình %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1387
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
+msgstr "(không nhánh, đang cải tổ %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1390
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing detached HEAD %s)"
+msgstr "(không nhánh, đang cải tổ HEAD %s đã tách r�i)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1393
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
+msgstr "(không nhánh, di chuyển nửa bước được bắt đầu tại %s)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached at " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1401
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached at %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD được tách r�i tại %s)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached from " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1408
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached from %s)"
+msgstr "(HEAD được tách r�i từ %s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1412
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr "(không nhánh)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1442
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing object %s for %s"
+msgstr "thiếu đối tượng %s cho %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1445
+#, c-format
+msgid "parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s"
+msgstr "parse_object_buffer gặp lỗi trên %s cho %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1902
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr "đối tượng dị hình tại “%s�"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1984
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring ref with broken name %s"
+msgstr "đang l� đi tham chiếu với tên h�ng %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1989
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring broken ref %s"
+msgstr "đang l� đi tham chiếu h�ng %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2261
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom missing"
+msgstr "định dạng: thiếu nguyên tử %%(end)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2365
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr "tên đối tượng dị hình %s"
+
+#: remote.c:605
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot fetch both %s and %s to %s"
 msgstr "Không thể lấy v� cả %s và %s cho %s"
 
-#: remote.c:786
+#: remote.c:609
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s usually tracks %s, not %s"
 msgstr "%s thư�ng theo dõi %s, không phải %s"
 
-#: remote.c:790
+#: remote.c:613
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s tracks both %s and %s"
 msgstr "%s theo dõi cả %s và %s"
 
-#: remote.c:798
+#: remote.c:621
 msgid "Internal error"
 msgstr "Lá»—i ná»™i bá»™"
 
-#: remote.c:1980
+#: remote.c:1534 remote.c:1635
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr "HEAD không chỉ đến một nhánh nào cả"
+
+#: remote.c:1543
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr "không có nhánh nào như thế: “%s�"
+
+#: remote.c:1546
+#, c-format
+msgid "no upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr "không có thượng nguồn được cấu hình cho nhánh “%s�"
+
+#: remote.c:1552
+#, c-format
+msgid "upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+"nhánh thượng nguồn “%s� không được lưu lại như là một nhánh theo dõi máy chủ"
+
+#: remote.c:1567
+#, c-format
+msgid "push destination '%s' on remote '%s' has no local tracking branch"
+msgstr "đẩy lên đích “%s� trên máy chủ “%s� không có nhánh theo dõi nội bộ"
+
+#: remote.c:1579
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' has no remote for pushing"
+msgstr "nhánh “%s� không có máy chủ để đẩy lên"
+
+#: remote.c:1589
+#, c-format
+msgid "push refspecs for '%s' do not include '%s'"
+msgstr "đẩy refspecs cho “%s� không bao gồm “%s�"
+
+#: remote.c:1602
+msgid "push has no destination (push.default is 'nothing')"
+msgstr "đẩy lên mà không có đích (push.default là “nothing�)"
+
+#: remote.c:1624
+msgid "cannot resolve 'simple' push to a single destination"
+msgstr "không thể phân giải đẩy “đơn giản� đến một đích đơn"
+
+#: remote.c:1939
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is based on '%s', but the upstream is gone.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Nhánh của bạn dựa trên cơ sở là “%s�, nhưng trên thượng nguồn không còn.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1984
+#: remote.c:1943
 msgid "  (use \"git branch --unset-upstream\" to fixup)\n"
 msgstr "   (dùng \" git branch --unset-upstream\" để sửa)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1987
+#: remote.c:1946
 #, c-format
-msgid "Your branch is up-to-date with '%s'.\n"
+msgid "Your branch is up to date with '%s'.\n"
 msgstr "Nhánh của bạn đã cập nhật với “%s�.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1991
+#: remote.c:1950
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch and '%s' refer to different commits.\n"
+msgstr "Nhánh của bạn và “%s� tham chiếu đến các lần chuyển giao khác nhau.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1953
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"%s\" for details)\n"
+msgstr "  (dùng \"%s\" để biết thêm chi tiết)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1957
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
 msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
 msgstr[0] "Nhánh của bạn đứng trước “%s� %d lần chuyển giao.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1997
+#: remote.c:1963
 msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git push\" để xuất bản các lần chuyển giao nội bộ của bạn)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2000
+#: remote.c:1966
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgid_plural ""
 "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgstr[0] ""
-"Nhánh của bạn ở đằng sau “%s� %d lần chuyển giao, và có thể được fast-"
-"forward.\n"
+"Nhánh của bạn đứng đằng sau “%s� %d lần chuyển giao, và có thể được chuyển-"
+"tiếp-nhanh.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2008
+#: remote.c:1974
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git pull\" để cập nhật nhánh nội bộ của bạn)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2011
+#: remote.c:1977
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
@@ -1108,42 +3229,105 @@ msgstr[0] ""
 "và có %d và %d lần chuyển giao khác nhau cho từng cái,\n"
 "tương ứng với mỗi lần.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2021
+#: remote.c:1987
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
 msgstr ""
 "  (dùng \"git pull\" để hòa trộn nhánh trên máy chủ vào trong nhánh của "
 "bạn)\n"
 
-#: run-command.c:87
+#: revision.c:2289
+msgid "your current branch appears to be broken"
+msgstr "nhánh hiện tại của bạn có vẻ như bị h�ng"
+
+#: revision.c:2292
+#, c-format
+msgid "your current branch '%s' does not have any commits yet"
+msgstr "nhánh hiện tại của bạn “%s� không có một lần chuyển giao nào cả"
+
+#: revision.c:2489
+msgid "--first-parent is incompatible with --bisect"
+msgstr "--first-parent xung khắc với --bisect"
+
+#: run-command.c:728
 msgid "open /dev/null failed"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi mở “/dev/null�"
 
-#: run-command.c:89
+#: run-command.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The '%s' hook was ignored because it's not set as executable.\n"
+"You can disable this warning with `git config advice.ignoredHook false`."
+msgstr ""
+"Móc “%s� bị b� qua bởi vì nó không thể đặt là thực thi được.\n"
+"Bạn có thể tắt cảnh báo này bằng “git config advice.ignoredHook false“."
+
+#: send-pack.c:141
+msgid "unexpected flush packet while reading remote unpack status"
+msgstr ""
+"gặp gói flush không cần trong khi đ�c tình trạng giải nén gói trên máy chủ"
+
+#: send-pack.c:143
 #, c-format
-msgid "dup2(%d,%d) failed"
-msgstr "dup2(%d,%d) gặp lỗi"
+msgid "unable to parse remote unpack status: %s"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích tình trạng unpack máy chủ: %s"
 
-#: send-pack.c:268
+#: send-pack.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote unpack failed: %s"
+msgstr "máy chủ gặp lỗi unpack: %s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:308
 msgid "failed to sign the push certificate"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi ký chứng thực đẩy"
 
-#: send-pack.c:325
+#: send-pack.c:421
 msgid "the receiving end does not support --signed push"
 msgstr "kết thúc nhận không hỗ trợ đẩy --signed"
 
-#: sequencer.c:172 builtin/merge.c:782 builtin/merge.c:893 builtin/merge.c:995
-#: builtin/merge.c:1005
+#: send-pack.c:423
+msgid ""
+"not sending a push certificate since the receiving end does not support --"
+"signed push"
+msgstr ""
+"đừng gửi giấy chứng nhận đẩy trước khi kết thúc nhận không hỗ trợ đẩy --"
+"signed"
+
+#: send-pack.c:435
+msgid "the receiving end does not support --atomic push"
+msgstr "kết thúc nhận không hỗ trợ đẩy --atomic"
+
+#: send-pack.c:440
+msgid "the receiving end does not support push options"
+msgstr "kết thúc nhận không hỗ trợ các tùy ch�n của lệnh push"
+
+#: sequencer.c:175
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit message cleanup mode '%s'"
+msgstr "chế độ d�n dẹp ghi chú các lần chuyển giao không hợp lệ “%s�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:275
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
-msgstr "Không thể mở “%s� để ghi"
+msgid "could not delete '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể xóa b� “%s�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:174 builtin/merge.c:344 builtin/merge.c:785 builtin/merge.c:997
-#: builtin/merge.c:1010
+#: sequencer.c:301
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr "hoàn nguyên"
+
+#: sequencer.c:303
+msgid "cherry-pick"
+msgstr "cherry-pick"
+
+#: sequencer.c:305
+msgid "rebase -i"
+msgstr "rebase -i"
+
+#: sequencer.c:307
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
-msgstr "Không thể ghi vào “%s�"
+msgid "Unknown action: %d"
+msgstr "Không nhận ra thao tác: %d"
 
-#: sequencer.c:195
+#: sequencer.c:364
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
@@ -1151,7 +3335,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "sau khi giải quyết các xung đột, đánh dấu đư�ng dẫn đã sửa\n"
 "với lệnh “git add <đư�ng_dẫn>� hoặc “git rm <đư�ng_dẫn>�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:198
+#: sequencer.c:367
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
@@ -1161,226 +3345,935 @@ msgstr ""
 "với lệnh “git add <đư�ng_dẫn>� hoặc “git rm <đư�ng_dẫn>�\n"
 "và chuyển giao kết quả bằng lệnh “git commit�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:211 sequencer.c:856 sequencer.c:939
+#: sequencer.c:380 sequencer.c:2468
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to %s"
-msgstr "Không thể ghi vào %s"
+msgid "could not lock '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể khóa “%s�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:214
+#: sequencer.c:382 sequencer.c:2346 sequencer.c:2472 sequencer.c:2486
+#: sequencer.c:2694 sequencer.c:4336 sequencer.c:4399 wrapper.c:656
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
-msgstr "Lỗi bao b�c %s"
+msgid "could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể ghi vào “%s�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:229
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
-msgstr "Các thay đổi nội bộ của bạn có thể bị ghi đè bởi lệnh cherry-pick."
+#: sequencer.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write eol to '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể ghi eol vào “%s�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:231
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
-msgstr "Các thay đổi nội bộ của bạn có thể bị ghi đè bởi lệnh revert."
+#: sequencer.c:392 sequencer.c:2351 sequencer.c:2474 sequencer.c:2488
+#: sequencer.c:2702
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finalize '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi hoàn thành “%s�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:234
-msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
-msgstr "Chuyển giao các thay đổi của bạn hay tạm cất (stash) chúng để xử lý."
+#: sequencer.c:415 sequencer.c:804 sequencer.c:1493 sequencer.c:2371
+#: sequencer.c:2684 sequencer.c:2788 builtin/am.c:259 builtin/commit.c:727
+#: builtin/merge.c:1046
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể đ�c “%s�."
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
-#: sequencer.c:321
+#: sequencer.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "your local changes would be overwritten by %s."
+msgstr "các thay đổi nội bộ của bạn có thể bị ghi đè bởi lệnh %s."
+
+#: sequencer.c:445
+msgid "commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr "chuyển giao các thay đổi của bạn hay tạm cất (stash) chúng để xử lý."
+
+#: sequencer.c:474
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: fast-forward"
+msgstr "%s: chuyển-tiếp-nhanh"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert", "cherry-pick" or
+#. "rebase -i".
+#.
+#: sequencer.c:563
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "%s: Không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới"
 
-#: sequencer.c:339
-msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
-msgstr "Không thể phân giải commit (lần chuyển giao) HEAD\n"
+#: sequencer.c:579
+msgid "unable to update cache tree"
+msgstr "không thể cập nhật cây bộ nhớ đệm"
 
-#: sequencer.c:359
-msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
-msgstr "Không thể cập nhật cây bộ nhớ đệm\n"
+#: sequencer.c:592
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD commit"
+msgstr "không thể phân giải lần chuyển giao HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:406
+#: sequencer.c:749
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
-msgstr "Không thể phân tích commit (lần chuyển giao) %s\n"
+msgid ""
+"you have staged changes in your working tree\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"bạn có các thay đổi so với trong bệ phóng trong thư mục làm việc của bạn.\n"
+"Nếu các thay đổi này là muốn squash vào lần chuyển giao kế trước, chạy:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Nếu chúng có ý là đi đến lần chuyển giao mới, thì chạy:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Trong cả hai trư�ng hợp, một khi bạn làm xong, tiếp tục bằng:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:411
+#: sequencer.c:818
+msgid "writing root commit"
+msgstr "ghi chuyển giao gốc"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1043
+msgid "'prepare-commit-msg' hook failed"
+msgstr "móc “prepare-commit-msg� bị lỗi"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1050
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
+"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
+"your configuration file:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Tên và địa chỉ thư điện tử của bạn được cấu hình một cách tự động trên cơ "
+"sở\n"
+"tài khoản và địa chỉ máy chủ của bạn. Xin hãy kiểm tra xem chúng có chính "
+"xác không.\n"
+"Bạn có thể chặn những thông báo kiểu này bằng cách cài đặt các thông tin "
+"trên\n"
+"một cách rõ ràng. Chạy lệnh sau đây là theo các hướng dẫn trong bộ soạn "
+"thảo\n"
+"để chỉnh sửa tập tin cấu hình của mình:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"Sau khi thực hiện xong, bạn có thể sửa chữa định danh được sử dụng cho\n"
+"lần chuyển giao này với lệnh:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1063
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Tên và địa chỉ thư điện tử của bạn được cấu hình một cách tự động trên cơ "
+"sở\n"
+"tài khoản và địa chỉ máy chủ của bạn. Xin hãy kiểm tra xem chúng có chính "
+"xác không.\n"
+"Bạn có thể chặn những thông báo kiểu này bằng cách cài đặt các thông tin "
+"trên một cách rõ ràng:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Tên của bạn\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"Sau khi thực hiện xong, bạn có thể sửa chữa định danh được sử dụng cho lần "
+"chuyển giao này với lệnh:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1103
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr "không thể tìm thấy lần chuyển giao mới hơn đã được tạo"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1105
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr ""
+"không thể phân tích cú pháp của đối tượng chuyển giao mới hơn đã được tạo"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1151
+msgid "unable to resolve HEAD after creating commit"
+msgstr "không thể phân giải HEAD sau khi tạo lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1153
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr "đã r�i kh�i HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1157
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr " (root-commit)"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1178
+msgid "could not parse HEAD"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1180
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "HEAD %s không phải là một lần chuyển giao!"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1184 builtin/commit.c:1528
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích commit (lần chuyển giao) HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1235 sequencer.c:1832
+msgid "unable to parse commit author"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích tác giả của lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1245 builtin/am.c:1630 builtin/merge.c:645
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr "lệnh git write-tree gặp lỗi khi ghi một cây"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1262 sequencer.c:1317
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read commit message from '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c phần chú thích (message) từ “%s�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1284 builtin/am.c:1650 builtin/commit.c:1631 builtin/merge.c:825
+#: builtin/merge.c:850
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi ghi đối tượng chuyển giao"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1344
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit %s"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích lần chuyển giao %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1349
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
-msgstr "Không thể phân tích lần chuyển giao cha mẹ “%s�\n"
+msgid "could not parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích lần chuyển giao cha mẹ “%s�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:477
-msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
-msgstr "Tập tin lưu mục lục của bạn không được hòa trộn."
+#: sequencer.c:1500 sequencer.c:1525
+#, c-format
+msgid "This is a combination of %d commits."
+msgstr "�ây là tổ hợp của %d lần chuyển giao."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1510 sequencer.c:4355
+msgid "need a HEAD to fixup"
+msgstr "cần một HEAD để sửa"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1512 sequencer.c:2729
+msgid "could not read HEAD"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1514
+msgid "could not read HEAD's commit message"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c phần chú thích (message) của HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1520
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể ghi “%s�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1527 git-rebase--interactive.sh:457
+msgid "This is the 1st commit message:"
+msgstr "�ây là chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ nhất:"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1535
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message of %s"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c phần chú thích (message) của %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:496
+#: sequencer.c:1542
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
-msgstr "Lần chuyển giao %s là một lần hòa trộn nhưng không đưa ra tùy ch�n -m."
+msgid "This is the commit message #%d:"
+msgstr "�ây là chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ #%d:"
 
-#: sequencer.c:504
+#: sequencer.c:1548
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
-msgstr "Lần chuyển giao %s không có cha mẹ %d"
+msgid "The commit message #%d will be skipped:"
+msgstr "Chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ #%d sẽ bị b� qua:"
 
-#: sequencer.c:508
+#: sequencer.c:1553
 #, c-format
-msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgid "unknown command: %d"
+msgstr "không hiểu câu lệnh %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1631
+msgid "your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr "tập tin lưu mục lục của bạn không được hòa trộn."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1638
+msgid "cannot fixup root commit"
+msgstr "không thể sửa chữa lần chuyển giao gốc"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1657
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr "lần chuyển giao %s là một lần hòa trộn nhưng không đưa ra tùy ch�n -m."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1665
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr "lần chuyển giao %s không có cha mẹ %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1669
+#, c-format
+msgid "mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
 msgstr ""
-"Luồng chính đã được chỉ ra nhưng lần chuyển giao %s không phải là một lần "
+"luồng chính đã được chỉ ra nhưng lần chuyển giao %s không phải là một lần "
 "hòa trộn."
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
-#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
-#: sequencer.c:521
+#: sequencer.c:1675
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr "không thể lấy ghi chú lần chuyển giao cho %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be a "todo" command like
+#. "revert" or "pick", the second %s a SHA1.
+#: sequencer.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
 msgstr "%s: không thể phân tích lần chuyển giao mẹ của %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:525
+#: sequencer.c:1759
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
-msgstr "Không thể lấy ghi chú lần chuyển giao cho %s"
+msgid "could not rename '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể đổi tên “%s� thành “%s�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:611
+#: sequencer.c:1813
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
-msgstr "không thể revert %s… %s"
+msgstr "không thể hoàn nguyên %s… %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:612
+#: sequencer.c:1814
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
-msgstr "không thể apply (áp dụng miếng vá) %s… %s"
+msgstr "không thể áp dụng miếng vá %s… %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:648
+#: sequencer.c:1864
 msgid "empty commit set passed"
 msgstr "lần chuyển giao trống rỗng đặt là hợp quy cách"
 
-#: sequencer.c:656
+#: sequencer.c:1874
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
 msgstr "git %s: gặp lỗi đ�c bảng mục lục"
 
-#: sequencer.c:660
+#: sequencer.c:1881
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
 msgstr "git %s: gặp lỗi khi làm tươi mới bảng mục lục"
 
-#: sequencer.c:720
+#: sequencer.c:1961
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
-msgstr "Không thể %s trong khi %s"
+msgid "%s does not accept arguments: '%s'"
+msgstr "%s không nhận các đối số: “%s�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:742
+#: sequencer.c:1970
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse line %d."
-msgstr "Không phân tích được dòng %d."
+msgid "missing arguments for %s"
+msgstr "thiếu đối số cho %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:747
-msgid "No commits parsed."
-msgstr "Không có lần chuyển giao nào được phân tích."
+#: sequencer.c:2029
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "dòng không hợp lệ %d: %.*s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:760
+#: sequencer.c:2037
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open %s"
-msgstr "Không thể mở %s"
+msgid "cannot '%s' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "không thể “%s� thể mà không có lần chuyển giao kế trước"
 
-#: sequencer.c:764
+#: sequencer.c:2085 sequencer.c:4138 sequencer.c:4173
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not read %s."
-msgstr "Không thể đ�c %s."
+msgid "could not read '%s'."
+msgstr "không thể đ�c “%s�."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2108
+msgid "please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "vui lòng sửa lỗi này bằng cách dùng “git rebase --edit-todo�."
 
-#: sequencer.c:771
+#: sequencer.c:2110
 #, c-format
-msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
-msgstr "Bảng chỉ thị không thể dùng được: %s"
+msgid "unusable instruction sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "bảng chỉ thị không thể dùng được: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2115
+msgid "no commits parsed."
+msgstr "không có lần chuyển giao nào được phân tích."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2126
+msgid "cannot cherry-pick during a revert."
+msgstr "không thể cherry-pick trong khi hoàn nguyên."
 
-#: sequencer.c:801
+#: sequencer.c:2128
+msgid "cannot revert during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr "không thể thực hiện việc hoàn nguyên trong khi đang cherry-pick."
+
+#: sequencer.c:2195
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid key: %s"
-msgstr "Khóa không đúng: %s"
+msgid "invalid key: %s"
+msgstr "khóa không đúng: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:804
+#: sequencer.c:2198
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
-msgstr "Giá trị không hợp lệ %s: %s"
+msgid "invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "giá trị cho %s không hợp lệ: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2269
+msgid "unusable squash-onto"
+msgstr "squash-onto không dùng được"
 
-#: sequencer.c:816
+#: sequencer.c:2285
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
-msgstr "Bảng tùy ch�n dị hình: %s"
+msgid "malformed options sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "bảng tùy ch�n dị hình: “%s�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:837
+#: sequencer.c:2323
 msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
 msgstr "có một thao tác “cherry-pick� hoặc “revert� đang được thực hiện"
 
-#: sequencer.c:838
+#: sequencer.c:2324
 msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 msgstr "hãy thử \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:842
+#: sequencer.c:2327
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
-msgstr "Không thể tạo thư mục xếp dãy %s"
+msgid "could not create sequencer directory '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể tạo thư mục xếp dãy “%s�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:858 sequencer.c:943
-#, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
-msgstr "Lỗi bao b�c %s."
+#: sequencer.c:2341
+msgid "could not lock HEAD"
+msgstr "không thể khóa HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:877 sequencer.c:1013
+#: sequencer.c:2396 sequencer.c:3403
 msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
-msgstr "không cherry-pick hay revert trong tiến trình"
+msgstr "không cherry-pick hay hoàn nguyên trong tiến trình"
 
-#: sequencer.c:879
+#: sequencer.c:2398
 msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
 msgstr "không thể phân giải HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:881
+#: sequencer.c:2400 sequencer.c:2435
 msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr "không thể hủy b� từ một nhánh mà nó còn chưa được tạo ra"
 
-#: sequencer.c:903 builtin/apply.c:4128
+#: sequencer.c:2421 builtin/grep.c:720
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
-msgstr "không thể mở %s: %s"
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr "không mở được “%s�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:906
+#: sequencer.c:2423
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
-msgstr "không thể đ�c %s: %s"
+msgid "cannot read '%s': %s"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c “%s�: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:907
+#: sequencer.c:2424
 msgid "unexpected end of file"
 msgstr "gặp kết thúc tập tin đột xuất"
 
-#: sequencer.c:913
+#: sequencer.c:2430
 #, c-format
 msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
 msgstr "tập tin HEAD “pre-cherry-pick� đã lưu “%s� bị h�ng"
 
-#: sequencer.c:936
+#: sequencer.c:2441
+msgid "You seem to have moved HEAD. Not rewinding, check your HEAD!"
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn có lẽ đã có HEAD đã bị di chuyển đi, Không thể tua, kiểm tra HEAD của "
+"bạn!"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2545 sequencer.c:3321
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update %s"
+msgstr "không thể cập nhật %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2583 sequencer.c:3301
+msgid "cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2618 sequencer.c:2622 builtin/difftool.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể chép “%s� sang “%s�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2641
+msgid "could not read index"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c bảng mục lục"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2646
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution failed: %s\n"
+"%sYou can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"thực thi gặp lỗi: %s\n"
+"%sBạn có thể sửa các trục trặc, và sau đó chạy lệnh\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2652
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+msgstr "và tạo các thay đổi bảng mục lục và/hay cây làm việc\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2658
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution succeeded: %s\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"thực thi thành công: %s\n"
+"nhưng còn các thay đổi trong mục lục và/hoặc cây làm việc\n"
+"Chuyển giao hay tạm cất các thay đổi này đi, rồi chạy\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2771
+msgid "writing fake root commit"
+msgstr "ghi lần chuyển giao gốc giả"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2776
+msgid "writing squash-onto"
+msgstr "Ä‘ang ghi squash-onto"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2811
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to find tree of %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi tìm cây của %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2829
+msgid "could not write index"
+msgstr "không thể ghi bảng mục lục"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2861
+msgid "cannot merge without a current revision"
+msgstr "không thể hòa trộn mà không có một điểm xét duyệt hiện tại"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2884
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể phân giải “%s�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2906
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get commit message of '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể lấy chú thích của lần chuyển giao của “%s�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2916 sequencer.c:2941
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể ghi “%s�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3005
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not even attempt to merge '%.*s'"
+msgstr "không thể ngay cả khi thử hòa trộn “%.*s�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3021
+msgid "merge: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "merge: Không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3088
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied autostash.\n"
+msgstr "�ã áp dụng autostash.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3100
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot store %s"
+msgstr "không thử lưu “%s�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3103 git-rebase.sh:188
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
+"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
+"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�p dụng autostash có hiệu quả trong các xung đột.\n"
+"Các thay đổi của bạn an toàn trong stash (tạm cất đi).\n"
+"Bạn có thể chạy lệnh \"git stash pop\" hay \"git stash drop\" bất kỳ lúc "
+"nào.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not execute the todo command\n"
+"\n"
+"    %.*s\n"
+"It has been rescheduled; To edit the command before continuing, please\n"
+"edit the todo list first:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --edit-todo\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể thực thi lệnh todo\n"
+"\n"
+"    %.*s\n"
+"Nó đã được lập lịch lại: �ể sửa lệnh trước khi tiếp tục, vui lòng\n"
+"sửa danh sách todo trước:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --edit-todo\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3202
+#, c-format
+msgid "Stopped at %s...  %.*s\n"
+msgstr "Dừng lại ở %s…  %.*s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3264
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command %d"
+msgstr "không hiểu câu lệnh %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3309
+msgid "could not read orig-head"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c orig-head"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3314 sequencer.c:4352
+msgid "could not read 'onto'"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c “onto�."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3328
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update HEAD to %s"
+msgstr "không thể cập nhật HEAD thành %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3414
+msgid "cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "không thể cải tổ: Bạn có các thay đổi chưa được đưa lên bệ phóng."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3423
+msgid "cannot amend non-existing commit"
+msgstr "không thể tu b� một lần chuyển giao không tồn tại"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3425
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid file: '%s'"
+msgstr "tập tin không hợp lệ: “%s�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3427
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid contents: '%s'"
+msgstr "nội dung không hợp lệ: “%s�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3430
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please, commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Bạn có các thay đổi chưa chuyển giao trong thư mục làm việc. Vui lòng\n"
+"chuyển giao chúng trước và sau đó chạy lệnh “git rebase --continue� lần nữa."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3455 sequencer.c:3493
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not format %s."
-msgstr "Không thể định dạng “%s�."
+msgid "could not write file: '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể ghi tập tin: “%s�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1081
+#: sequencer.c:3508
+msgid "could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "không thể xóa b� CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3515
+msgid "could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "không thể chuyển giao các thay đổi đã đưa lên bệ phóng."
+
+#: sequencer.c:3612
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"
 msgstr "%s: không thể cherry-pick một %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1084
+#: sequencer.c:3616
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: bad revision"
 msgstr "%s: điểm xét duyệt sai"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1118
-msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
-msgstr "Không thể revert một lần chuyển giao khởi tạo"
+#: sequencer.c:3649
+msgid "can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr "không thể hoàn nguyên một lần chuyển giao khởi tạo"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4098
+msgid "make_script: unhandled options"
+msgstr "make_script: các tùy ch�n được không xử lý"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4101
+msgid "make_script: error preparing revisions"
+msgstr "make_script: lỗi chuẩn bị điểm hiệu chỉnh"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1119
-msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
-msgstr "Không thể cherry-pick vào một đầu (head) trống rỗng"
+#: sequencer.c:4142 sequencer.c:4177
+#, c-format
+msgid "unusable todo list: '%s'"
+msgstr "danh sách cần làm không dùng được: “%s�"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:440
+#: sequencer.c:4236
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unrecognized setting %s for option rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Ignoring."
+msgstr ""
+"không nhận ra cài đặt %s cho tùy ch�n rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Nên b� qua."
+
+#: sequencer.c:4302
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: some commits may have been dropped accidentally.\n"
+"Dropped commits (newer to older):\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Cảnh báo: một số lần chuyển giao có lẽ đã bị xóa một cách tình c�.\n"
+"Các lần chuyển giao bị xóa (từ mới đến cũ):\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4309
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"To avoid this message, use \"drop\" to explicitly remove a commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Use 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' to change the level of "
+"warnings.\n"
+"The possible behaviours are: ignore, warn, error.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�ể tránh thông báo này, dùng \"drop\" một cách rõ ràng để xóa b� một lần "
+"chuyển giao.\n"
+"\n"
+"Dùng “git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck� để thay đổi mức độ của cảnh "
+"báo.\n"
+"Cánh ứng xử có thể là: ignore, warn, error.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4321
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You can fix this with 'git rebase --edit-todo' and then run 'git rebase --"
+"continue'.\n"
+"Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn có thể sửa nó bằng “git rebase --edit-todo� và sau đó chạy “git rebase --"
+"continue�.\n"
+"Hoặc là bạn có thể bãi b� việc cải tổ bằng “git rebase --abort�.\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4375
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích lần chuyển giao “%s�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4490
+msgid "the script was already rearranged."
+msgstr "văn lệnh đã sẵn được sắp đặt rồi."
+
+#: setup.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is outside repository"
+msgstr "“%s� ở ngoài một kho chứa"
+
+#: setup.c:172
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s: no such path in the working tree.\n"
+"Use 'git <command> -- <path>...' to specify paths that do not exist locally."
+msgstr ""
+"%s: không có đư�ng dẫn nào như thế ở trong cây làm việc.\n"
+"Dùng “git <lệnh> -- <đư�ng/dẫn>…� để chỉ định đư�ng dẫn mà nó không tồn tại "
+"một cách nội bộ."
+
+#: setup.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"tham số chưa rõ ràng “%s�: chưa biết điểm xem xét hay đư�ng dẫn không trong "
+"cây làm việc.\n"
+"Dùng “--� để ngăn cách các đư�ng dẫn kh�i điểm xem xét, như thế này:\n"
+"“git <lệnh> [<điểm xem xét>…] -- [<tập tin>…]�"
+
+#: setup.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' must come before non-option arguments"
+msgstr "tùy ch�n “%s� phải trước các đối số đầu tiên không có tùy ch�n"
+
+#: setup.c:253
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"tham số chưa rõ ràng “%s�: cả điểm xem xét và tên tập tin.\n"
+"Dùng “--� để ngăn cách các đư�ng dẫn kh�i điểm xem xét, như thế này:\n"
+"“git <lệnh> [<điểm xem xét>…] -- [<tập tin>…]�"
+
+#: setup.c:389
+msgid "unable to set up work tree using invalid config"
+msgstr "Không thể đặt thư mục làm việc hiện hành sử dụng cấu hình không hợp lệ"
+
+#: setup.c:393
+msgid "this operation must be run in a work tree"
+msgstr "thao tác này phải được thực hiện trong thư mục làm việc"
+
+#: setup.c:503
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d"
+msgstr "Cần phiên bản kho git <= %d, nhưng lại nhận được %d"
+
+#: setup.c:511
+msgid "unknown repository extensions found:"
+msgstr "tìm thấy phần mở rộng kho chưa biết:"
+
+#: setup.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "error opening '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi mở “%s�"
+
+#: setup.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "too large to be a .git file: '%s'"
+msgstr "tập tin .git là quá lớn: “%s�"
+
+#: setup.c:534
+#, c-format
+msgid "error reading %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đ�c %s"
+
+#: setup.c:536
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid gitfile format: %s"
+msgstr "định dạng tập tin git không hợp lệ: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:538
+#, c-format
+msgid "no path in gitfile: %s"
+msgstr "không có đư�ng dẫn trong tập tin git: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:540
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: %s"
+msgstr "Không phải là kho git: %s"
+
+#: setup.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "'$%s' too big"
+msgstr "“$%s� quá lớn"
+
+#: setup.c:653
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: '%s'"
+msgstr "không phải là kho git: “%s�"
+
+#: setup.c:682 setup.c:684 setup.c:715
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể chdir (chuyển đổi thư mục) sang “%s�"
+
+#: setup.c:687 setup.c:743 setup.c:753 setup.c:792 setup.c:800 setup.c:815
+msgid "cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr "không thể quay lại cwd"
+
+#: setup.c:813
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): %s"
+msgstr "không phải là kho git (hoặc bất kỳ thư mục cha mẹ nào): %s"
+
+#: setup.c:824
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%*s%s%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi lấy thống kê v� “%*s%s%s�"
+
+#: setup.c:1054
+msgid "Unable to read current working directory"
+msgstr "Không thể đ�c thư mục làm việc hiện hành"
+
+#: setup.c:1066 setup.c:1072
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot change to '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể chuyển sang “%s�"
+
+#: setup.c:1085
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not a git repository (or any parent up to mount point %s)\n"
+"Stopping at filesystem boundary (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM not set)."
+msgstr ""
+"không phải là kho git (hay bất kỳ cha mẹ nào đến tận điểm gắn kết %s)\n"
+"Dừng tại biên của hệ thống tập tin (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM chưa "
+"đặt)."
+
+#: setup.c:1168
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"problem with core.sharedRepository filemode value (0%.3o).\n"
+"The owner of files must always have read and write permissions."
+msgstr ""
+"gặp vấn đ� với giá trị chế độ tập tin core.sharedRepository (0%.3o).\n"
+"ngư�i sở hữu tập tin phải luôn có quy�n đ�c và ghi."
+
+#: setup.c:1211
+msgid "open /dev/null or dup failed"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi mở “/dev/null� hay dup"
+
+#: setup.c:1226
+msgid "fork failed"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi rẽ nhánh tiến trình"
+
+#: setup.c:1231
+msgid "setsid failed"
+msgstr "setsid gặp lỗi"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:625
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "đư�ng dẫn “%s� không tồn tại"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:651
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' as a linked checkout is not supported yet."
+msgstr "kho tham chiếu “%s� như là lấy ra liên kết vẫn chưa được hỗ trợ."
+
+#: sha1-file.c:657
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
+msgstr "kho tham chiếu “%s� không phải là một kho nội bộ."
+
+#: sha1-file.c:663
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
+msgstr "kho tham chiếu “%s� là nông"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
+msgstr "kho tham chiếu “%s� bị cấy ghép"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:442
+#, c-format
+msgid "short SHA1 %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "tóm lược SHA1 %s chưa rõ ràng"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:453
+msgid "The candidates are:"
+msgstr "Các ứng cử là:"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:695
 msgid ""
 "Git normally never creates a ref that ends with 40 hex characters\n"
 "because it will be ignored when you just specify 40-hex. These refs\n"
@@ -1404,369 +4297,844 @@ msgstr ""
 "này\n"
 "bằng cách chạy lệnh \"git config advice.objectNameWarning false\""
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1068
-msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
-msgstr "HEAD không chỉ đến một nhánh nào cả"
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1071
-#, c-format
-msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
-msgstr "Không có nhánh nào như thế: “%s�"
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1073
-#, c-format
-msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
-msgstr "Không có thượng nguồn được cấu hình cho nhánh “%s�"
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1077
-#, c-format
-msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
-msgstr ""
-"Nhánh thượng nguồn “%s� không được lưu lại như là một nhánh “remote-tracking�"
-
-#: submodule.c:64 submodule.c:98
+#: submodule.c:97 submodule.c:131
 msgid "Cannot change unmerged .gitmodules, resolve merge conflicts first"
 msgstr ""
 "Không thể thay đổi .gitmodules chưa hòa trộn, hãy giải quyết xung đột trộn "
 "trÆ°á»›c"
 
-#: submodule.c:68 submodule.c:102
+#: submodule.c:101 submodule.c:135
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find section in .gitmodules where path=%s"
 msgstr "Không thể tìm thấy phần trong .gitmodules nơi mà đư�ng_dẫn=%s"
 
-#: submodule.c:76
+#: submodule.c:109
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not update .gitmodules entry %s"
 msgstr "Không thể cập nhật mục .gitmodules %s"
 
-#: submodule.c:109
+#: submodule.c:142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not remove .gitmodules entry for %s"
 msgstr "Không thể gỡ b� mục .gitmodules dành cho %s"
 
-#: submodule.c:120
+#: submodule.c:153
 msgid "staging updated .gitmodules failed"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi tổ chức .gitmodules đã cập nhật"
 
-#: submodule.c:1111 builtin/init-db.c:371
+#: submodule.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "in unpopulated submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "Trong mô-đun-con không có gì “%s�"
+
+#: submodule.c:346
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "�ặc tả đư�ng dẫn “%s� thì ở trong mô-đun-con “%.*s�"
+
+#: submodule.c:837
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule entry '%s' (%s) is a %s, not a commit"
+msgstr ""
+"mục tin mô-đun-con “%s� (%s) là một %s, không phải là một lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: submodule.c:1069 builtin/branch.c:651 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1743
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân giải HEAD như là một tham chiếu hợp lệ."
+
+#: submodule.c:1375
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' not recognized as a git repository"
+msgstr "không nhận ra “%s� là một kho git"
+
+#: submodule.c:1513
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not start 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể lấy thống kê “git status� trong mô-đun-con “%s�"
+
+#: submodule.c:1526
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not run 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể chạy “git status� trong mô-đun-con “%s�"
+
+#: submodule.c:1619
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' has dirty index"
+msgstr "mô-đun-con “%s� có mục lục còn bẩn"
+
+#: submodule.c:1718
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"relocate_gitdir for submodule '%s' with more than one worktree not supported"
+msgstr ""
+"relocate_gitdir cho mô-đun-con “%s� với nhi�u hơn một cây làm việc là chưa "
+"được hỗ trợ"
+
+#: submodule.c:1730 submodule.c:1786
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup name for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể tìm kiếm tên cho mô-đun-con “%s�"
+
+#: submodule.c:1734 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1261
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể tạo thư mục “%s�"
+
+#: submodule.c:1737
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create git link %s"
-msgstr "Không thể tạo liên kết git “%s�"
+msgid ""
+"Migrating git directory of '%s%s' from\n"
+"'%s' to\n"
+"'%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Di cư thư mục git của “%s%s� từ\n"
+"“%s� sang\n"
+"“%s�\n"
+
+#: submodule.c:1821
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể đệ quy vào trong mô-đun-con “%s�"
+
+#: submodule.c:1865
+msgid "could not start ls-files in .."
+msgstr "không thể lấy thông tin thống kê v� ls-files trong .."
 
-#: submodule.c:1122
+#: submodule.c:1904
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not set core.worktree in %s"
-msgstr "Không thể đặt “core.worktree� trong “%s�."
+msgid "ls-tree returned unexpected return code %d"
+msgstr "ls-tree trả v� mã không như mong đợi %d"
 
-#: trailer.c:500 trailer.c:504 trailer.c:508 trailer.c:562 trailer.c:566
-#: trailer.c:570
+#: submodule-config.c:230
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring suspicious submodule name: %s"
+msgstr "đang l� đi tên mô-đun-con mập m�: %s"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:294
+msgid "negative values not allowed for submodule.fetchjobs"
+msgstr "không cho phép giá trị âm ở submodule.fetchJobs"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:467
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid value for %s"
+msgstr "giá trị cho %s không hợp lệ"
+
+#: trailer.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "running trailer command '%s' failed"
+msgstr "chạy lệnh kéo theo “%s� gặp lỗi"
+
+#: trailer.c:485 trailer.c:490 trailer.c:495 trailer.c:549 trailer.c:553
+#: trailer.c:557
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"
 msgstr "không hiểu giá trị “%s� cho khóa “%s�"
 
-#: trailer.c:552 trailer.c:557 builtin/remote.c:290
+#: trailer.c:539 trailer.c:544 builtin/remote.c:293
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than one %s"
 msgstr "nhi�u hơn một %s"
 
-#: trailer.c:590
+#: trailer.c:730
 #, c-format
 msgid "empty trailer token in trailer '%.*s'"
 msgstr "thẻ thừa trống rỗng trong phần thừa “%.*s�"
 
-#: trailer.c:710
+#: trailer.c:750
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read input file '%s'"
 msgstr "không đ�c được tập tin đầu vào “%s�"
 
-#: trailer.c:713
+#: trailer.c:753
 msgid "could not read from stdin"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
 
-#: unpack-trees.c:202
+#: trailer.c:1008 builtin/am.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat %s"
+msgstr "không thể lấy thông tin thống kê v� %s"
+
+#: trailer.c:1010
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not a regular file"
+msgstr "\"%s\" không phải là tập tin bình thư�ng"
+
+#: trailer.c:1012
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not writable by user"
+msgstr "tập tin %s ngư�i dùng không thể ghi được"
+
+#: trailer.c:1024
+msgid "could not open temporary file"
+msgstr "không thể tạo tập tin tạm th�i"
+
+#: trailer.c:1064
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not rename temporary file to %s"
+msgstr "không thể đổi tên tập tin tạm th�i thành %s"
+
+#: transport.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would set upstream of '%s' to '%s' of '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Không thể đặt thượng nguồn của “%s� thành “%s� của “%s�\n"
+
+#: transport.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid "transport: invalid depth option '%s'"
+msgstr "vận chuyển: tùy ch�n độ sâu “%s� không hợp lệ"
+
+#: transport.c:584
+msgid "could not parse transport.color.* config"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích cú pháp cấu hình transport.color.*"
+
+#: transport.c:996
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following submodule paths contain changes that can\n"
+"not be found on any remote:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Các đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con sau đây có chứa các thay đổi cái mà\n"
+"có thể được tìm thấy trên m�i máy phục vụ:\n"
+
+#: transport.c:1000
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Please try\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"or cd to the path and use\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"to push them to a remote.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Hãy thử\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"hoặc cd đến đư�ng dẫn và dùng\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"để đẩy chúng lên máy phục vụ.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: transport.c:1008
+msgid "Aborting."
+msgstr "Bãi b�."
+
+#: transport-helper.c:1087
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read ref %s"
+msgstr "Không thể đ�c tham chiếu %s"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:31
+msgid "too-short tree object"
+msgstr "đối tượng cây quá ngắn"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:37
+msgid "malformed mode in tree entry"
+msgstr "chế độ dị hình trong đ� mục cây"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:41
+msgid "empty filename in tree entry"
+msgstr "tên tập tin trống rỗng trong mục tin cây"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:113
+msgid "too-short tree file"
+msgstr "tập tin cây quá ngắn"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Các thay đổi nội bộ của bạn với các tập tin sau đây sẽ bị ghi đè bởi lệnh "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%sVui lòng chuyển giao các thay đổi hay tạm cất chúng đi trước khi bạn "
+"chuyển nhánh."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:113
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Các thay đổi nội bộ của bạn với các tập tin sau đây sẽ bị ghi đè bởi lệnh "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Các thay đổi nội bộ của bạn với các tập tin sau đây sẽ bị ghi đè bởi lệnh "
+"hòa trộn:\n"
+"%%sVui lòng chuyển giao các thay đổi hay tạm cất chúng đi trước khi bạn hòa "
+"trá»™n."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Các thay đổi nội bộ của bạn với các tập tin sau đây sẽ bị ghi đè bởi lệnh "
+"hòa trộn:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Các thay đổi nội bộ của bạn với các tập tin sau đây sẽ bị ghi đè bởi lệnh "
+"%s:\n"
+"%%sVui lòng chuyển giao các thay đổi hay tạm cất chúng đi trước khi bạn %s."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Các thay đổi nội bộ của bạn với các tập tin sau đây sẽ bị ghi đè bởi lệnh "
+"%s:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Updating the following directories would lose untracked files in them:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Việc cập nhật các thư mục sau đây có thể làm mất các tập tin chưa theo dõi "
+"trong nó:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:132
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Các tập tin cây làm việc chưa được theo dõi sau đây sẽ bị gỡ b� bởi lệnh "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%sVui lòng di chuyển hay gỡ b� chúng trước khi bạn chuyển nhánh."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Các tập tin cây làm việc chưa được theo dõi sau đây sẽ bị gỡ b� bởi lệnh "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Các tập tin cây làm việc chưa được theo dõi sau đây sẽ bị gỡ b� bởi lệnh hòa "
+"trá»™n:\n"
+"%%sVui lòng di chuyển hay gỡ b� chúng trước khi bạn hòa trộn."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Các tập tin cây làm việc chưa được theo dõi sau đây sẽ bị gỡ b� bởi lệnh hòa "
+"trá»™n:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:142
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Các tập tin cây làm việc chưa được theo dõi sau đây sẽ bị gỡ b� bởi %s:\n"
+"%%sVui lòng di chuyển hay gỡ b� chúng trước khi bạn %s."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:144
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Các tập tin cây làm việc chưa được theo dõi sau đây sẽ bị gỡ b� bởi %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:150
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"Các tập tin cây làm việc chưa được theo dõi sau đây sẽ bị ghi đè bởi lệnh "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%sVui lòng di chuyển hay gỡ b� chúng trước khi bạn chuyển nhánh."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Các tập tin cây làm việc chưa được theo dõi sau đây sẽ bị ghi đè bởi lệnh "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:155
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Các tập tin cây làm việc chưa được theo dõi sau đây sẽ bị ghi đè bởi lệnh "
+"hòa trộn:\n"
+"%%sVui lòng di chuyển hay gỡ b� chúng trước khi bạn hòa trộn."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Các tập tin cây làm việc chưa được theo dõi sau đây sẽ bị ghi đè bởi lệnh "
+"hòa trộn:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:160
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Các tập tin cây làm việc chưa được theo dõi sau đây sẽ bị ghi đè bởi lệnh "
+"%s:\n"
+"%%sVui lòng di chuyển hay gỡ b� chúng trước khi bạn %s."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:162
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Các tập tin cây làm việc chưa được theo dõi sau đây sẽ bị ghi đè bởi lệnh "
+"%s:\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid "Entry '%s' overlaps with '%s'.  Cannot bind."
+msgstr "Mục “%s� đè lên “%s�. Không thể buộc."
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update sparse checkout: the following entries are not up to date:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể cập nhật checkout rải rác: các mục tin sau đây chưa cập nhật:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:175
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be overwritten by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Các tập tin cây làm việc chưa được theo dõi sau đây sẽ bị ghi đè bởi cập "
+"nhật checkout rải rác:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be removed by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Các tập tin cây làm việc chưa được theo dõi sau đây sẽ bị xóa b� bởi cập "
+"nhật checkout rải rác:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update submodule:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể cập nhật mô-đun-con:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting\n"
+msgstr "Bãi b�\n"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:344
 msgid "Checking out files"
 msgstr "�ang lấy ra các tập tin"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:120
+#: urlmatch.c:163
 msgid "invalid URL scheme name or missing '://' suffix"
 msgstr "tên lược đồ URL không hợp lệ, hoặc thiếu hậu tố “://�"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:144 urlmatch.c:297 urlmatch.c:356
+#: urlmatch.c:187 urlmatch.c:346 urlmatch.c:405
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %XX escape sequence"
 msgstr "thoát chuỗi %XX không hợp lệ"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:172
+#: urlmatch.c:215
 msgid "missing host and scheme is not 'file:'"
 msgstr "thiếu máy chủ và lược đồ thì không phải là giao thức “file:�"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:189
+#: urlmatch.c:232
 msgid "a 'file:' URL may not have a port number"
 msgstr "URL kiểu “file:� không được chứa cổng"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:199
+#: urlmatch.c:247
 msgid "invalid characters in host name"
 msgstr "có các ký tự không hợp lệ trong tên máy"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:244 urlmatch.c:255
+#: urlmatch.c:292 urlmatch.c:303
 msgid "invalid port number"
 msgstr "tên cổng không hợp lệ"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:322
+#: urlmatch.c:371
 msgid "invalid '..' path segment"
 msgstr "đoạn đư�ng dẫn “..� không hợp lệ"
 
-#: wrapper.c:509
+#: worktree.c:245 builtin/am.c:2147
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
-msgstr "không thể truy cập “%s�: %s"
+msgid "failed to read '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đ�c “%s�"
 
-#: wrapper.c:530
+#: worktree.c:291
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to access '%s'"
-msgstr "không thể truy cập “%s�"
+msgid "'%s' at main working tree is not the repository directory"
+msgstr "“%s� tại cây làm việc chình không phải là thư mục kho"
+
+#: worktree.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' file does not contain absolute path to the working tree location"
+msgstr ""
+"tập tin “%s� không chứa đư�ng dẫn tuyệt đối đến vị trí cây làm việc hiện"
+
+#: worktree.c:314
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "\"%s\" không tồn tại"
+
+#: worktree.c:320
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a .git file, error code %d"
+msgstr "“%s� không phải là tập tin .git, mã lỗi %d"
+
+#: worktree.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point back to '%s'"
+msgstr "“%s� không chỉ ngược đến “%s�"
 
-#: wrapper.c:541
+#: wrapper.c:223 wrapper.c:393
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
-msgstr "không tìm thấy ngư�i dùng hiện tại trong tập tin passwd: %s"
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading and writing"
+msgstr "không thể mở “%s� để đ�c và ghi"
 
-#: wrapper.c:542
-msgid "no such user"
-msgstr "không có ngư�i dùng như vậy"
+#: wrapper.c:227 wrapper.c:397 builtin/am.c:320 builtin/am.c:770
+#: builtin/am.c:862 builtin/merge.c:1043
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr "không thể mở “%s� để đ�c"
 
-#: wrapper.c:550
+#: wrapper.c:424 wrapper.c:624
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể truy cập “%s�"
+
+#: wrapper.c:632
 msgid "unable to get current working directory"
 msgstr "Không thể lấy thư mục làm việc hiện hành"
 
-#: wt-status.c:150
+#: wt-status.c:154
 msgid "Unmerged paths:"
 msgstr "Những đư�ng dẫn chưa được hòa trộn:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:177 wt-status.c:204
+#: wt-status.c:181 wt-status.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git reset %s <tập-tin>…\" để b� ra kh�i bệ phóng)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:179 wt-status.c:206
+#: wt-status.c:183 wt-status.c:210
 msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git rm --cached <tập-tin>…\" để b� ra kh�i bệ phóng)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:183
+#: wt-status.c:187
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git add <tập-tin>…\" để đánh dấu là cần giải quyết)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:185 wt-status.c:189
+#: wt-status.c:189 wt-status.c:193
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (dùng \"git add/rm <tập-tin>…\" như là một cách thích hợp để đánh dấu là "
 "cần được giải quyết)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:187
+#: wt-status.c:191
 msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git rm <tập-tin>…\" để đánh dấu là cần giải quyết)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:198
+#: wt-status.c:202 wt-status.c:1015
 msgid "Changes to be committed:"
 msgstr "Những thay đổi sẽ được chuyển giao:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:216
+#: wt-status.c:220 wt-status.c:1024
 msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
 msgstr "Các thay đổi chưa được đặt lên bệ phóng để chuyển giao:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:220
+#: wt-status.c:224
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git add <tập-tin>…\" để cập nhật những gì sẽ chuyển giao)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:222
+#: wt-status.c:226
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (dùng \"git add/rm <tập-tin>…\" để cập nhật những gì sẽ được chuyển giao)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:223
+#: wt-status.c:227
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (dùng \"git checkout -- <tập-tin>…\" để loại b� các thay đổi trong thư mục "
 "làm việc)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:225
+#: wt-status.c:229
 msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (chuyển giao hoặc là loại b� các nội dung chưa được theo dõi hay đã sửa "
 "chữa trong mô-đun-con)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:237
+#: wt-status.c:241
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (dùng \"git %s <tập-tin>…\" để thêm vào những gì cần được chuyển giao)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:252
+#: wt-status.c:256
 msgid "both deleted:"
 msgstr "bị xóa bởi cả hai:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:254
+#: wt-status.c:258
 msgid "added by us:"
 msgstr "được thêm vào bởi chúng ta:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:256
+#: wt-status.c:260
 msgid "deleted by them:"
 msgstr "bị xóa đi bởi h�:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:258
+#: wt-status.c:262
 msgid "added by them:"
 msgstr "được thêm vào bởi h�:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:260
+#: wt-status.c:264
 msgid "deleted by us:"
 msgstr "bị xóa bởi chúng ta:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:262
+#: wt-status.c:266
 msgid "both added:"
 msgstr "được thêm vào bởi cả hai:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:264
+#: wt-status.c:268
 msgid "both modified:"
 msgstr "bị sửa bởi cả hai:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:266
-#, c-format
-msgid "bug: unhandled unmerged status %x"
-msgstr "lỗi: không thể tiếp nhận trạng thái chưa hòa trộn %x"
-
-#: wt-status.c:274
+#: wt-status.c:278
 msgid "new file:"
 msgstr "tập tin mới:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:276
+#: wt-status.c:280
 msgid "copied:"
 msgstr "đã chép:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:278
+#: wt-status.c:282
 msgid "deleted:"
 msgstr "đã xóa:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:280
+#: wt-status.c:284
 msgid "modified:"
 msgstr "đã sửa:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:282
+#: wt-status.c:286
 msgid "renamed:"
 msgstr "đã đổi tên:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:284
+#: wt-status.c:288
 msgid "typechange:"
 msgstr "đổi-kiểu:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:286
+#: wt-status.c:290
 msgid "unknown:"
 msgstr "không hiểu:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:288
+#: wt-status.c:292
 msgid "unmerged:"
 msgstr "chưa hòa trộn:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:370
+#: wt-status.c:372
 msgid "new commits, "
 msgstr "lần chuyển giao mới, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:372
+#: wt-status.c:374
 msgid "modified content, "
 msgstr "nội dung bị sửa đổi, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:374
+#: wt-status.c:376
 msgid "untracked content, "
 msgstr "nội dung chưa được theo dõi, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:391
+#: wt-status.c:853
 #, c-format
-msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
-msgstr "lỗi: không thể tiếp nhận trạng thái lệnh diff %c"
+msgid "Your stash currently has %d entry"
+msgid_plural "Your stash currently has %d entries"
+msgstr[0] "Bạn hiện nay ở trong phần cất đi đang có %d mục"
 
-#: wt-status.c:758
+#: wt-status.c:885
 msgid "Submodules changed but not updated:"
 msgstr "Những mô-đun-con đã bị thay đổi nhưng chưa được cập nhật:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:760
+#: wt-status.c:887
 msgid "Submodule changes to be committed:"
 msgstr "Những mô-đun-con thay đổi đã được chuyển giao:"
 
-#: wt-status.c:839
+#: wt-status.c:969
 msgid ""
-"Do not touch the line above.\n"
-"Everything below will be removed."
+"Do not modify or remove the line above.\n"
+"Everything below it will be ignored."
 msgstr ""
-"Không động đến đư�ng ở trên.\n"
+"Không sửa hay xóa b� đư�ng ở trên.\n"
 "M�i thứ phía dưới sẽ được xóa b�."
 
-#: wt-status.c:930
+#: wt-status.c:1084
 msgid "You have unmerged paths."
 msgstr "Bạn có những đư�ng dẫn chưa được hòa trộn."
 
-#: wt-status.c:933
+#: wt-status.c:1087
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
 msgstr "  (sửa các xung đột rồi chạy \"git commit\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:936
+#: wt-status.c:1089
+msgid "  (use \"git merge --abort\" to abort the merge)"
+msgstr "  (dùng \"git merge --abort\" để bãi b� việc hòa trộn)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1094
 msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
 msgstr "Tất cả các xung đột đã được giải quyết nhưng bạn vẫn đang hòa trộn."
 
-#: wt-status.c:939
+#: wt-status.c:1097
 msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git commit\" để hoàn tất việc hòa trộn)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:949
+#: wt-status.c:1107
 msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
 msgstr "Bạn đang ở giữa của một phiên “am�."
 
-#: wt-status.c:952
+#: wt-status.c:1110
 msgid "The current patch is empty."
 msgstr "Miếng vá hiện tại bị trống rỗng."
 
-#: wt-status.c:956
+#: wt-status.c:1114
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (sửa các xung đột và sau đó chạy lệnh \"git am --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:958
+#: wt-status.c:1116
 msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git am --skip\" để b� qua miếng vá này)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:960
+#: wt-status.c:1118
 msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git am --abort\" để phục hồi lại nhánh nguyên thủy)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1020 wt-status.c:1037
+#: wt-status.c:1250
+msgid "git-rebase-todo is missing."
+msgstr "thiếu git-rebase-todo"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1252
+msgid "No commands done."
+msgstr "Không thực hiện lệnh nào."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1255
+#, c-format
+msgid "Last command done (%d command done):"
+msgid_plural "Last commands done (%d commands done):"
+msgstr[0] "Lệnh thực hiện cuối (%d lệnh được thực thi):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1266
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (see more in file %s)"
+msgstr "  (xem thêm trong %s)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1271
+msgid "No commands remaining."
+msgstr "Không có lệnh nào còn lại."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "Next command to do (%d remaining command):"
+msgid_plural "Next commands to do (%d remaining commands):"
+msgstr[0] "Lệnh cần làm kế tiếp (%d lệnh còn lại):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1282
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --edit-todo\" to view and edit)"
+msgstr "  (dùng lệnh \"git rebase --edit-todo\" để xem và sửa)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1295
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr "Bạn hiện nay đang thực hiện việc “rebase� nhánh “%s� trên “%s�."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1025 wt-status.c:1042
+#: wt-status.c:1300
 msgid "You are currently rebasing."
 msgstr "Bạn hiện nay đang thực hiện việc “rebase� (“cải tổ�)."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1028
+#: wt-status.c:1314
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (sửa các xung đột và sau đó chạy lệnh “cải tổ� \"git rebase --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1030
+#: wt-status.c:1316
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  (dùng lệnh “cải tổ� \"git rebase --skip\" để b� qua lần vá này)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1032
+#: wt-status.c:1318
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (dùng lệnh “cải tổ� \"git rebase --abort\" để check-out nhánh nguyên thủy)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1045
+#: wt-status.c:1324
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (khi tất cả các xung đột đã sửa xong: chạy lệnh “cải tổ� \"git rebase --"
 "continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1049
+#: wt-status.c:1328
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
@@ -1774,126 +5142,134 @@ msgstr ""
 "Bạn hiện nay đang thực hiện việc chia tách một lần chuyển giao trong khi "
 "đang “rebase� nhánh “%s� trên “%s�."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1054
+#: wt-status.c:1333
 msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr ""
 "Bạn hiện tại đang cắt đôi một lần chuyển giao trong khi đang thực hiện việc "
 "rebase."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1057
+#: wt-status.c:1336
 msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (Một khi thư mục làm việc của bạn đã g�n gàng, chạy lệnh “cải tổ� \"git "
 "rebase --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1061
+#: wt-status.c:1340
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 "Bạn hiện nay đang thực hiện việc sửa chữa một lần chuyển giao trong khi đang "
 "rebase nhánh “%s� trên “%s�."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1066
+#: wt-status.c:1345
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr "Bạn hiện đang sửa một lần chuyển giao trong khi bạn thực hiện rebase."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1069
+#: wt-status.c:1348
 msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git commit --amend\" để “tu bổ� lần chuyển giao hiện tại)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1071
+#: wt-status.c:1350
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (chạy lệnh “cải tổ� \"git rebase --continue\" một khi bạn cảm thấy hài "
 "lòng v� những thay đổi của mình)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1081
+#: wt-status.c:1360
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently cherry-picking commit %s."
 msgstr "Bạn hiện nay đang thực hiện việc cherry-pick lần chuyển giao %s."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1086
+#: wt-status.c:1365
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (sửa các xung đột và sau đó chạy lệnh \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1089
+#: wt-status.c:1368
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (khi tất cả các xung đột đã sửa xong: chạy lệnh \"git cherry-pick --"
 "continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1091
+#: wt-status.c:1370
 msgid "  (use \"git cherry-pick --abort\" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git cherry-pick --abort\" để hủy b� thao tác cherry-pick)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1100
+#: wt-status.c:1379
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently reverting commit %s."
-msgstr "Bạn hiện nay đang thực hiện thao tác revert lần chuyển giao “%s�."
+msgstr "Bạn hiện nay đang thực hiện thao tác hoàn nguyên lần chuyển giao “%s�."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1105
+#: wt-status.c:1384
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (sửa các xung đột và sau đó chạy lệnh \"git revert --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1108
+#: wt-status.c:1387
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (khi tất cả các xung đột đã sửa xong: chạy lệnh \"git revert --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1110
+#: wt-status.c:1389
 msgid "  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"
-msgstr "  (dùng \"git revert --abort\" để hủy b� thao tác revert)"
+msgstr "  (dùng \"git revert --abort\" để hủy b� thao tác hoàn nguyên)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1121
+#: wt-status.c:1400
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 "Bạn hiện nay đang thực hiện thao tác di chuyển nửa bước (bisect), bắt đầu từ "
 "nhánh “%s�."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1125
+#: wt-status.c:1404
 msgid "You are currently bisecting."
 msgstr "Bạn hiện tại đang thực hiện việc bisect (di chuyển nửa bước)."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1128
+#: wt-status.c:1407
 msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git bisect reset\" để quay trở lại nhánh nguyên thủy)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1303
+#: wt-status.c:1604
 msgid "On branch "
 msgstr "Trên nhánh "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1310
+#: wt-status.c:1610
+msgid "interactive rebase in progress; onto "
+msgstr "rebase ở chế độ tương tác đang được thực hiện; lên trên "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1612
 msgid "rebase in progress; onto "
 msgstr "rebase đang được thực hiện: lên trên "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1317
+#: wt-status.c:1617
 msgid "HEAD detached at "
 msgstr "HEAD được tách r�i tại "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1319
+#: wt-status.c:1619
 msgid "HEAD detached from "
 msgstr "HEAD được tách r�i từ "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1322
+#: wt-status.c:1622
 msgid "Not currently on any branch."
 msgstr "Hiện tại chẳng ở nhánh nào cả."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1339
+#: wt-status.c:1642
 msgid "Initial commit"
 msgstr "Lần chuyển giao khởi tạo"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1353
+#: wt-status.c:1643
+msgid "No commits yet"
+msgstr "Vẫn chưa chuyển giao"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1657
 msgid "Untracked files"
 msgstr "Những tập tin chưa được theo dõi"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1355
+#: wt-status.c:1659
 msgid "Ignored files"
 msgstr "Những tập tin bị l� đi"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1359
+#: wt-status.c:1663
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
@@ -1905,32 +5281,32 @@ msgstr ""
 "có lẽ làm nó nhanh hơn, nhưng bạn phải cẩn thận đừng quên mình phải\n"
 "tự thêm các tập tin mới (xem “git help status�.."
 
-#: wt-status.c:1365
+#: wt-status.c:1669
 #, c-format
 msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
 msgstr "Những tập tin chưa được theo dõi không được liệt kê ra %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1367
+#: wt-status.c:1671
 msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
 msgstr " (dùng tùy ch�n -u để hiển thị các tập tin chưa được theo dõi)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1373
+#: wt-status.c:1677
 msgid "No changes"
 msgstr "Không có thay đổi nào"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1378
+#: wt-status.c:1682
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
 msgstr ""
 "không có thay đổi nào được thêm vào để chuyển giao (dùng \"git add\" và/hoặc "
 "\"git commit -a\")\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1381
+#: wt-status.c:1685
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
 msgstr "không có thay đổi nào được thêm vào để chuyển giao\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1384
+#: wt-status.c:1688
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
@@ -1939,681 +5315,661 @@ msgstr ""
 "không có gì được thêm vào lần chuyển giao nhưng có những tập tin chưa được "
 "theo dõi hiện diện (dùng \"git add\" để đưa vào theo dõi)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1387
+#: wt-status.c:1691
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
 msgstr ""
 "không có gì được thêm vào lần chuyển giao nhưng có những tập tin chưa được "
 "theo dõi hiện diện\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1390
+#: wt-status.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
 msgstr ""
 "không có gì để chuyển giao (tạo/sao-chép các tập tin và dùng \"git add\" để "
 "đưa vào theo dõi)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1393 wt-status.c:1398
+#: wt-status.c:1697 wt-status.c:1702
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit\n"
 msgstr "không có gì để chuyển giao\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1396
+#: wt-status.c:1700
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
 msgstr ""
 "không có gì để chuyển giao (dùng -u xem các tập tin chưa được theo dõi)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1400
+#: wt-status.c:1704
 #, c-format
-msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
+msgid "nothing to commit, working tree clean\n"
 msgstr "không có gì để chuyển giao, thư mục làm việc sạch sẽ\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1509
+#: wt-status.c:1817
+msgid "No commits yet on "
+msgstr "Vẫn không thực hiện lệnh chuyển giao nào"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1821
 msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
 msgstr "HEAD (không nhánh)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1515
-msgid "Initial commit on "
-msgstr "Lần chuyển giao khởi tạo trên "
+#: wt-status.c:1852
+msgid "different"
+msgstr "khác"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1547
-msgid "gone"
-msgstr "đã ra đi"
-
-#: wt-status.c:1549 wt-status.c:1557
+#: wt-status.c:1854 wt-status.c:1862
 msgid "behind "
 msgstr "đằng sau "
 
-#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:55 builtin/clone.c:360
+#: wt-status.c:1857 wt-status.c:1860
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr "phía trước "
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the action is e.g. "pull with rebase"
+#: wt-status.c:2366
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "không thể %s: Bạn có các thay đổi chưa được đưa lên bệ phóng."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2372
+msgid "additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"thêm vào đó, bảng mục lục của bạn có chứa các thay đổi chưa được chuyển giao."
+
+#: wt-status.c:2374
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"không thể %s: Mục lục của bạn có chứa các thay đổi chưa được chuyển giao."
+
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:442
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi b� liên kết (unlink) “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:22
-msgid "git add [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git add [các-tùy-ch�n] [--]  <pathspec>…"
+#: builtin/add.c:24
+msgid "git add [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git add [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [--]  <pathspec>…"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:65
+#: builtin/add.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
 msgstr "trạng thái lệnh diff không như mong đợi %c"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:70 builtin/commit.c:275
+#: builtin/add.c:88 builtin/commit.c:266
 msgid "updating files failed"
 msgstr "Cập nhật tập tin gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:80
+#: builtin/add.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "remove '%s'\n"
 msgstr "gỡ b� “%s�\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:134
+#: builtin/add.c:173
 msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
 msgstr ""
 "�ưa ra kh�i bệ phóng các thay đổi sau khi làm tươi mới lại bảng mục lục:"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:194 builtin/rev-parse.c:785
+#: builtin/add.c:233 builtin/rev-parse.c:892
 msgid "Could not read the index"
 msgstr "Không thể đ�c bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:205
+#: builtin/add.c:244
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
 msgstr "Không thể mở “%s� để ghi."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:209
+#: builtin/add.c:248
 msgid "Could not write patch"
 msgstr "Không thể ghi ra miếng vá"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:214
+#: builtin/add.c:251
+msgid "editing patch failed"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi sửa miếng vá"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:254
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
-msgstr "không thể lấy thông tin thống kê v� “%s�"
+msgstr "Không thể lấy thông tin thống kê v� “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:216
+#: builtin/add.c:256
 msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
 msgstr "Miếng vá trống rỗng. Nên b� qua."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:221
+#: builtin/add.c:261
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể áp dụng miếng vá “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:231
+#: builtin/add.c:269
 msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Các đư�ng dẫn theo sau đây sẽ bị l� đi bởi một trong các tập tin .gitignore "
 "của bạn:\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:248 builtin/clean.c:875 builtin/fetch.c:108 builtin/mv.c:110
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/push.c:499 builtin/remote.c:1372
-#: builtin/rm.c:269
+#: builtin/add.c:289 builtin/clean.c:911 builtin/fetch.c:145 builtin/mv.c:123
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/pull.c:212 builtin/push.c:557
+#: builtin/remote.c:1342 builtin/rm.c:240 builtin/send-pack.c:165
 msgid "dry run"
 msgstr "chạy thử"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:249 builtin/apply.c:4415 builtin/check-ignore.c:19
-#: builtin/commit.c:1326 builtin/count-objects.c:63 builtin/fsck.c:608
-#: builtin/log.c:1617 builtin/mv.c:109 builtin/read-tree.c:114
-msgid "be verbose"
-msgstr "chi tiết"
-
-#: builtin/add.c:251
+#: builtin/add.c:292
 msgid "interactive picking"
 msgstr "sửa bằng cách tương tác"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:252 builtin/checkout.c:1126 builtin/reset.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:293 builtin/checkout.c:1135 builtin/reset.c:302
 msgid "select hunks interactively"
 msgstr "ch�n “hunks� theo kiểu tương tác"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:253
+#: builtin/add.c:294
 msgid "edit current diff and apply"
 msgstr "sửa diff hiện nay và áp dụng nó"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:254
+#: builtin/add.c:295
 msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
 msgstr "cho phép thêm các tập tin bị b� qua khác"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:255
+#: builtin/add.c:296
 msgid "update tracked files"
 msgstr "cập nhật các tập tin được theo dõi"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:256
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "renormalize EOL of tracked files (implies -u)"
+msgstr "thư�ng hóa lại EOL của các tập tin được theo dõi (ý là -u)"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:298
 msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
 msgstr "chỉ ghi lại sự việc mà đư�ng dẫn sẽ được thêm vào sau"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:257
+#: builtin/add.c:299
 msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr ""
 "thêm các thay đổi từ tất cả các tập tin có cũng như không được theo dõi dấu "
 "vết"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:260
+#: builtin/add.c:302
 msgid "ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"
 msgstr ""
 "l� đi các đư�ng dẫn bị gỡ b� trong cây thư mục làm việc (giống với --no-all)"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:262
+#: builtin/add.c:304
 msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
 msgstr "không thêm, chỉ làm tươi mới bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:263
+#: builtin/add.c:305
 msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
 msgstr "chie b� qua những tập tin mà nó không thể được thêm vào bởi vì gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:264
+#: builtin/add.c:306
 msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
 msgstr ""
 "kiểm tra xem - thậm chí thiếu - tập tin bị b� qua trong quá trình chạy thử"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:307 builtin/update-index.c:974
+msgid "(+/-)x"
+msgstr "(+/-)x"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:307 builtin/update-index.c:975
+msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
+msgstr "ghi đè lên bít thi hành của các tập tin được liệt kê"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:309
+msgid "warn when adding an embedded repository"
+msgstr "cảnh báo khi thêm một kho nhúng"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You've added another git repository inside your current repository.\n"
+"Clones of the outer repository will not contain the contents of\n"
+"the embedded repository and will not know how to obtain it.\n"
+"If you meant to add a submodule, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If you added this path by mistake, you can remove it from the\n"
+"index with:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"See \"git help submodule\" for more information."
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn vừa thêm một kho git vào bên trong kho hiện tại của bạn.\n"
+"Các bản sao của kho ngoài sẽ không chứa các nội dung của\n"
+"kho nhúng và sẽ không biết làm thế nào để lấy nó.\n"
+"Nếu ý bạn là thêm một mô-đun-con, hãy chạy:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Nếu bạn đã thêm miếng vá này chỉ là sai sót, bạn có thể xóa b�\n"
+"nó kh�i mục lục bằng:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"Xem \"git help submodule\" để biết thêm chi tiết."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:352
+#, c-format
+msgid "adding embedded git repository: %s"
+msgstr "thêm cần một kho git nhúng: %s"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:370
 #, c-format
 msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
 msgstr "Sử dụng tùy ch�n -f nếu bạn thực sự muốn thêm chúng vào.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:293
+#: builtin/add.c:378
 msgid "adding files failed"
 msgstr "thêm tập tin gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:329
+#: builtin/add.c:416
 msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
 msgstr "-A và -u xung khắc nhau"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:336
+#: builtin/add.c:423
 msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
 msgstr "Tùy ch�n --ignore-missing chỉ có thể được dùng cùng với --dry-run"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:357
+#: builtin/add.c:427
+#, c-format
+msgid "--chmod param '%s' must be either -x or +x"
+msgstr "--chmod tham số “%s� phải hoặc là -x hay +x"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:442
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
 msgstr "Không có gì được chỉ ra, không có gì được thêm vào.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:358
+#: builtin/add.c:443
 #, c-format
 msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
 msgstr "Có lẽ ý bạn là “git add .� phải không?\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:363 builtin/check-ignore.c:172 builtin/clean.c:919
-#: builtin/commit.c:333 builtin/mv.c:130 builtin/reset.c:235 builtin/rm.c:299
+#: builtin/add.c:448 builtin/check-ignore.c:177 builtin/checkout.c:280
+#: builtin/checkout.c:483 builtin/clean.c:958 builtin/commit.c:325
+#: builtin/diff-tree.c:114 builtin/mv.c:144 builtin/reset.c:241
+#: builtin/rm.c:270 builtin/submodule--helper.c:328
 msgid "index file corrupt"
 msgstr "tập tin ghi bảng mục lục bị h�ng"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:446 builtin/apply.c:4510 builtin/mv.c:279 builtin/rm.c:431
-msgid "Unable to write new index file"
-msgstr "Không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:58
-msgid "git apply [options] [<patch>...]"
-msgstr "git apply [các-tùy-ch�n] [<miếng-vá>…]"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:111
-#, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
-msgstr "không nhận ra tùy ch�n v� khoảng trắng “%s�"
+#: builtin/am.c:414
+msgid "could not parse author script"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích cú pháp văn lệnh tác giả"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:126
+#: builtin/am.c:498
 #, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
-msgstr "không nhận ra tùy ch�n b� qua khoảng trắng “%s�"
+msgid "'%s' was deleted by the applypatch-msg hook"
+msgstr "“%s� bị xóa bởi móc applypatch-msg"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:826
+#: builtin/am.c:539
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
-msgstr ""
-"Không thể chuẩn bị biểu thức chính qui dấu vết th�i gian (timestamp regexp) "
-"%s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:835
-#, c-format
-msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
-msgstr "thi hành biểu thức chính quy trả v� %d cho đầu vào: %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:916
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
-msgstr "không thể tìm thấy tên tập tin trong miếng vá tại dòng %d"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:948
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
-msgstr ""
-"git apply: git-diff sai - cần /dev/null, nhưng lại nhận được %s trên dòng %d"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:952
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
-msgstr "git apply: git-diff sai - tên tập tin mới không nhất quán trên dòng %d"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:953
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
-msgstr "git apply: git-diff sai - tên tập tin cũ không nhất quán trên dòng %d"
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "Dòng đầu vào dị hình: “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:960
+#: builtin/am.c:576
 #, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
-msgstr "git apply: git-diff sai - cần “/dev/null� trên dòng %d"
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi sao chép ghi chú (note) từ “%s� tới “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1423
-#, c-format
-msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
-msgstr "chi tiết: dòng không cần: %.*s"
+#: builtin/am.c:602
+msgid "fseek failed"
+msgstr "fseek gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1480
+#: builtin/am.c:790
 #, c-format
-msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
-msgstr "miếng vá phân mảnh mà không có phần đầu tại dòng %d: %.*s"
+msgid "could not parse patch '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích cú pháp “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1497
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
-"component (line %d)"
-msgid_plural ""
-"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
-"components (line %d)"
-msgstr[0] ""
-"phần đầu diff cho git  thiếu thông tin tên tập tin khi gỡ b� đi %d trong "
-"thành phần dẫn đầu tên của đư�ng dẫn (dòng %d)"
+#: builtin/am.c:855
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr "Chỉ có một sê-ri miếng vá StGIT được áp dụng một lúc"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1657
-msgid "new file depends on old contents"
-msgstr "tập tin mới phụ thuộc vào nội dung cũ"
+#: builtin/am.c:903
+msgid "invalid timestamp"
+msgstr "dấu th�i gian không hợp lệ"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1659
-msgid "deleted file still has contents"
-msgstr "tập tin đã xóa vẫn còn nội dung"
+#: builtin/am.c:908 builtin/am.c:920
+msgid "invalid Date line"
+msgstr "dòng Ngày tháng không hợp lệ"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1685
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
-msgstr "miếng vá h�ng tại dòng %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:915
+msgid "invalid timezone offset"
+msgstr "độ lệch múi gi� không hợp lệ"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1721
-#, c-format
-msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
-msgstr "tập tin mới %s phụ thuộc vào nội dung cũ"
+#: builtin/am.c:1008
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr "Dò tìm định dạng miếng vá gặp lỗi."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1723
+#: builtin/am.c:1013 builtin/clone.c:407
 #, c-format
-msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
-msgstr "tập tin đã xóa %s vẫn còn nội dung"
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "tạo thư mục \"%s\" gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1726
-#, c-format
-msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
-msgstr "** cảnh báo: tập tin %s trở nên trống rỗng nhưng không bị xóa"
+#: builtin/am.c:1018
+msgid "Failed to split patches."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi chia nh� các miếng vá."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1872
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
-msgstr "miếng vá định dạng nhị phân sai h�ng tại dòng %d: %.*s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1148 builtin/commit.c:351
+msgid "unable to write index file"
+msgstr "không thể ghi tập tin lưu mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1901
+#: builtin/am.c:1162
 #, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
-msgstr "miếng vá định dạng nhị phân không được nhận ra tại dòng %d"
+msgid "When you have resolved this problem, run \"%s --continue\"."
+msgstr "Khi bạn đã phân giải xong trục trặc này, hãy chạy \"%s --continue\"."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2052
+#: builtin/am.c:1163
 #, c-format
-msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
-msgstr "vá chỉ với “rác� tại dòng %d"
+msgid "If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"%s --skip\" instead."
+msgstr ""
+"Nếu bạn muốn b� qua miếng vá này, hãy chạy lệnh \"%s --skip\" để thay thế."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2142
+#: builtin/am.c:1164
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
-msgstr "không thể đ�c liên kết m�m %s"
+msgid "To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"%s --abort\"."
+msgstr "�ể phục hồi lại nhánh gốc và dừng vá, hãy chạy \"%s --abort\"."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2146
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to open or read %s"
-msgstr "không thể mở hay đ�c %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1271
+msgid "Patch is empty."
+msgstr "Miếng vá trống rỗng."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2754
+#: builtin/am.c:1337
 #, c-format
-msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
-msgstr "sai khởi đầu dòng: “%c�"
+msgid "invalid ident line: %.*s"
+msgstr "dòng thụt l� không hợp lệ: %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2872
+#: builtin/am.c:1359
 #, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
-msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
-msgstr[0] "Khối dữ liệu #%d thành công tại %d (offset %d dòng)."
+msgid "unable to parse commit %s"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích lần chuyển giao “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2884
-#, c-format
-msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
-msgstr "Nội dung bị giảm xuống còn (%ld/%ld) để áp dụng mảnh dữ liệu tại %d"
+#: builtin/am.c:1554
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr "Kho thiếu đối tượng blob cần thiết để trở v� trên “3-way merge�."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2890
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"while searching for:\n"
-"%.*s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1556
+msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
 msgstr ""
-"trong khi đang tìm kiếm cho:\n"
-"%.*s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:2909
-#, c-format
-msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
-msgstr "thiếu dữ liệu của miếng vá định dạng nhị phân cho “%s�"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3010
-#, c-format
-msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
-msgstr "miếng vá định dạng nhị phân không được áp dụng cho “%s�"
+"Sử dụng thông tin trong bảng mục lục để cấu trúc lại một cây (tree) cơ sở…"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3016
-#, c-format
-msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+#: builtin/am.c:1575
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
 msgstr ""
-"vá nhị phân cho “%s� tạo ra kết quả không chính xác (mong ch� %s, lại nhận "
-"%s)"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3037
-#, c-format
-msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
-msgstr "gặp lỗi khi vá: %s:%ld"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3161
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot checkout %s"
-msgstr "không thể lấy ra %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3206 builtin/apply.c:3215 builtin/apply.c:3260
-#, c-format
-msgid "read of %s failed"
-msgstr "đ�c %s gặp lỗi"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3240 builtin/apply.c:3462
-#, c-format
-msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
-msgstr "đư�ng dẫn %s đã bị xóa hoặc đổi tên"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3321 builtin/apply.c:3476
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
-msgstr "%s: không tồn tại trong bảng mục lục"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3325 builtin/apply.c:3468 builtin/apply.c:3490
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: %s"
-msgstr "%s: %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3330 builtin/apply.c:3484
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not match index"
-msgstr "%s: không khớp trong mục lục"
+"Bạn đã sửa miếng vá của mình bằng cách thủ công à?\n"
+"Nó không thể áp dụng các blob đã được ghi lại trong bảng mục lục của nó."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3432
-msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
-msgstr "loại b� miếng vá để lại nội dung tập tin"
+#: builtin/am.c:1581
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr "�ang trở lại để vá cơ sở và “hòa trộn 3-đư�ng�…"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3501
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: wrong type"
-msgstr "%s: sai kiểu"
+#: builtin/am.c:1606
+msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi trộn vào các thay đổi."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3503
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
-msgstr "%s có kiểu %o, cần %o"
+#: builtin/am.c:1637
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr "áp dụng vào một lịch sử trống rỗng"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3604
+#: builtin/am.c:1683 builtin/am.c:1687
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in index"
-msgstr "%s: đã có từ trước trong bảng mục lục"
+msgid "cannot resume: %s does not exist."
+msgstr "không thể phục hồi: %s không tồn tại."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3607
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
-msgstr "%s: đã sẵn có trong thư mục đang làm việc"
+#: builtin/am.c:1703
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr ""
+"không thể được tương tác mà không có stdin kết nối với một thiết bị cuối"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3627
-#, c-format
-msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
-msgstr "chế độ mới (%o) của %s không khớp với chế độ cũ (%o)"
+#: builtin/am.c:1708
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
+msgstr "Thân của lần chuyển giao là:"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3632
-#, c-format
-msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
-msgstr "chế độ mới (%o) của %s không khớp với chế độ cũ (%o) của %s"
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#.
+#: builtin/am.c:1718
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all: "
+msgstr ""
+"�p dụng? đồng ý [y]/khô[n]g/chỉnh sửa [e]/hiển thị miếng [v]á/chấp nhận tất "
+"cả [a]: "
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3640
+#: builtin/am.c:1768
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
-msgstr "%s: miếng vá không được áp dụng"
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "Bảng mục lục bẩn: không thể áp dụng các miếng vá (bẩn: %s)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3653
+#: builtin/am.c:1808 builtin/am.c:1879
 #, c-format
-msgid "Checking patch %s..."
-msgstr "�ang kiểm tra miếng vá %s…"
+msgid "Applying: %.*s"
+msgstr "�p dụng: %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3746 builtin/checkout.c:231 builtin/reset.c:135
-#, c-format
-msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
-msgstr "make_cache_entry gặp lỗi đối với đư�ng dẫn “%s�"
+#: builtin/am.c:1824
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr "Không thay đổi gì cả -- Miếng vá đã được áp dụng rồi."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3889
+#: builtin/am.c:1832
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
-msgstr "không thể gỡ b� %s từ mục lục"
+msgid "Patch failed at %s %.*s"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi vá tại %s %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3918
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
-msgstr "miếng vá sai h�ng cho mô-đun-con %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1838
+msgid "Use 'git am --show-current-patch' to see the failed patch"
+msgstr "Dùng “git am --show-current-patch� để xem miếng vá bị lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3922
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
-msgstr "không thể lấy thống k� v� tập tin %s mới hơn đã được tạo"
+#: builtin/am.c:1882
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
+msgstr ""
+"Không có thay đổi nào - bạn đã quên sử dụng lệnh “git add� à?\n"
+"Nếu ở đây không có gì còn lại stage, tình c� là có một số thứ khác\n"
+"đã sẵn được đưa vào với cùng nội dung thay đổi; bạn có lẽ muốn b� qua miếng "
+"vá này."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3927
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
-msgstr "không thể tạo “kho lưu đằng sau� cho tập tin được tạo mới hơn %s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1889
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index.\n"
+"You should 'git add' each file with resolved conflicts to mark them as "
+"such.\n"
+"You might run `git rm` on a file to accept \"deleted by them\" for it."
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn vẫn có những đư�ng dẫn chưa hòa trộn trong chỉ mục của bạn.\n"
+"Bạn nên “git add� từng tập tin với các xung đột đã được giải quyết để đánh "
+"dấu chúng là thế.\n"
+"Bạn có lẽ muốn chạy “git rm“ trên một tập tin để chấp nhận \"được xóa bởi h�"
+"\" cho nó."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3930 builtin/apply.c:4038
+#: builtin/am.c:1996 builtin/am.c:2000 builtin/am.c:2012 builtin/reset.c:324
+#: builtin/reset.c:332
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
-msgstr "không thể thêm mục nhớ đệm cho %s"
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr "không thể phân tích đối tượng “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3963
-#, c-format
-msgid "closing file '%s'"
-msgstr "đang đóng tập tin “%s�"
+#: builtin/am.c:2048
+msgid "failed to clean index"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi d�n bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4012
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
-msgstr "không thể ghi vào tập tin “%s� chế độ %o"
+#: builtin/am.c:2083
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn có lẽ đã có HEAD đã bị di chuyển đi kể từ lần “am� thất bại cuối cùng.\n"
+"Không thể chuyển tới ORIG_HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4099
+#: builtin/am.c:2174
 #, c-format
-msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
-msgstr "�ã áp dụng miếng vá %s một cách sạch sẽ."
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4107
-msgid "internal error"
-msgstr "lá»—i ná»™i bá»™"
+msgid "Invalid value for --patch-format: %s"
+msgstr "Giá trị không hợp lệ cho --patch-format: %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4110
-#, c-format
-msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
-msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
-msgstr[0] "�ang áp dụng miếng vá %%s với %d lần từ chối…"
+#: builtin/am.c:2210
+msgid "git am [<options>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"
+msgstr "git am [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [(<mbox>|<Maildir>)…]"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4120
-#, c-format
-msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
-msgstr "đang cắt ngắn tên tập tin .rej thành %.*s.rej"
+#: builtin/am.c:2211
+msgid "git am [<options>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
+msgstr "git am [<các-tùy-ch�n>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4141
-#, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
-msgstr "Khối nhớ #%d được áp dụng g�n gàng."
+#: builtin/am.c:2217
+msgid "run interactively"
+msgstr "chạy kiểu tương tác"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4144
-#, c-format
-msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
-msgstr "đoạn dữ liệu #%d bị từ chối."
+#: builtin/am.c:2219
+msgid "historical option -- no-op"
+msgstr "tùy ch�n lịch sử -- không-toán-tử"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4234
-msgid "unrecognized input"
-msgstr "không thừa nhận đầu vào"
+#: builtin/am.c:2221
+msgid "allow fall back on 3way merging if needed"
+msgstr "cho phép quay trở lại để hòa trộn kiểu “3way� nếu cần"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4245
-msgid "unable to read index file"
-msgstr "không thể đ�c tập tin lưu bảng mục lục"
+#: builtin/am.c:2222 builtin/init-db.c:484 builtin/prune-packed.c:57
+#: builtin/repack.c:192
+msgid "be quiet"
+msgstr "im lặng"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4362 builtin/apply.c:4365 builtin/clone.c:92
-#: builtin/fetch.c:93
-msgid "path"
-msgstr "đư�ng-dẫn"
+#: builtin/am.c:2224
+msgid "add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message"
+msgstr "Thêm dòng Signed-off-by cho ghi chú của lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4363
-msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
-msgstr "không áp dụng các thay đổi khớp với đư�ng dẫn đã cho"
+#: builtin/am.c:2227
+msgid "recode into utf8 (default)"
+msgstr "chuyển mã thành utf8 (mặc định)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4366
-msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
-msgstr "áp dụng các thay đổi khớp với đư�ng dẫn đã cho"
+#: builtin/am.c:2229
+msgid "pass -k flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "chuyển c� -k cho git-mailinfo"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4368
-msgid "num"
-msgstr "số"
+#: builtin/am.c:2231
+msgid "pass -b flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "chuyển c� -b cho git-mailinfo"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4369
-msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
-msgstr "gỡ b� <số> dấu gạch chéo dẫn đầu từ đư�ng dẫn diff cổ điển"
+#: builtin/am.c:2233
+msgid "pass -m flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "chuyển c� -m cho git-mailinfo"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4372
-msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
-msgstr "l� đi phần bổ xung được tạo ra bởi miếng vá"
+#: builtin/am.c:2235
+msgid "pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit for mbox format"
+msgstr "chuyển c� --keep-cr cho git-mailsplit với định dạng mbox"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4374
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+#: builtin/am.c:2238
+msgid "do not pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit independent of am.keepcr"
 msgstr ""
-"thay vì áp dụng một miếng vá, kết xuất kết quả từ lệnh diffstat cho đầu ra"
+"đừng chuyển c� --keep-cr cho git-mailsplit không phụ thuộc vào am.keepcr"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4378
-msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
-msgstr ""
-"hiển thị số lượng các dòng được thêm vào và xóa đi theo ký hiệu thập phân"
+#: builtin/am.c:2241
+msgid "strip everything before a scissors line"
+msgstr "cắt m�i thứ trước dòng scissors"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4380
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
-msgstr "thay vì áp dụng một miếng vá, kết xuất kết quả cho đầu vào"
+#: builtin/am.c:2243 builtin/am.c:2246 builtin/am.c:2249 builtin/am.c:2252
+#: builtin/am.c:2255 builtin/am.c:2258 builtin/am.c:2261 builtin/am.c:2264
+#: builtin/am.c:2270
+msgid "pass it through git-apply"
+msgstr "chuyển nó qua git-apply"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4382
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
-msgstr "thay vì áp dụng miếng vá, hãy xem xem miếng vá có thích hợp không"
+#: builtin/am.c:2260 builtin/commit.c:1332 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:668 builtin/grep.c:853 builtin/merge.c:208
+#: builtin/pull.c:150 builtin/pull.c:208 builtin/repack.c:201
+#: builtin/repack.c:205 builtin/repack.c:207 builtin/show-branch.c:631
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:169 builtin/tag.c:383 parse-options.h:144
+#: parse-options.h:146 parse-options.h:258
+msgid "n"
+msgstr "n"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4384
-msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
-msgstr "hãy chắc chắn là miếng vá thích hợp với bảng mục lục hiện hành"
+#: builtin/am.c:2266 builtin/branch.c:632 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38
+#: builtin/replace.c:543 builtin/tag.c:419 builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format"
+msgstr "định dạng"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4386
-msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
-msgstr "áp dụng một miếng vá mà không động chạm đến cây làm việc"
+#: builtin/am.c:2267
+msgid "format the patch(es) are in"
+msgstr "định dạng (các) miếng vá theo"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4388
-msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
-msgstr ""
-"đồng th�i áp dụng miếng vá (dùng với tùy ch�n --stat/--summary/--check)"
+#: builtin/am.c:2273
+msgid "override error message when patch failure occurs"
+msgstr "đè lên các l�i nhắn lỗi khi xảy ra lỗi vá nghiêm tr�ng"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4390
-msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
-msgstr "thử hòa trộn kiểu three-way nếu việc vá không thể thực hiện được"
+#: builtin/am.c:2275
+msgid "continue applying patches after resolving a conflict"
+msgstr "tiếp tục áp dụng các miếng vá sau khi giải quyết xung đột"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4392
-msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
-msgstr ""
-"xây dựng bảng mục lục tạm th�i trên cơ sở thông tin bảng mục lục được nhúng"
+#: builtin/am.c:2278
+msgid "synonyms for --continue"
+msgstr "đồng nghĩa với --continue"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4394 builtin/checkout-index.c:198 builtin/ls-files.c:455
-msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
-msgstr "các đư�ng dẫn bị ngăn cách bởi ký tự NULL"
+#: builtin/am.c:2281
+msgid "skip the current patch"
+msgstr "b� qua miếng vá hiện hành"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4397
-msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
-msgstr "đảm bảo rằng có ít nhất <n> dòng nội dung khớp"
+#: builtin/am.c:2284
+msgid "restore the original branch and abort the patching operation."
+msgstr "phục hồi lại nhánh gốc và loại b� thao tác vá."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4398
-msgid "action"
-msgstr "hành động"
+#: builtin/am.c:2287
+msgid "abort the patching operation but keep HEAD where it is."
+msgstr "b� qua thao tác vá nhưng vẫn giữ HEAD chỉ đến nó."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4399
-msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
-msgstr "tìm thấy một dòng mới hoặc bị sửa đổi mà nó có lỗi do khoảng trắng"
+#: builtin/am.c:2290
+msgid "show the patch being applied."
+msgstr "hiển thị miếng vá đã được áp dụng rồi."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4402 builtin/apply.c:4405
-msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
-msgstr "l� đi sự thay đổi do khoảng trắng gây ra khi quét nội dung"
+#: builtin/am.c:2294
+msgid "lie about committer date"
+msgstr "nói dối v� ngày chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4408
-msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
-msgstr "áp dụng miếng vá theo chi�u ngược"
+#: builtin/am.c:2296
+msgid "use current timestamp for author date"
+msgstr "dùng dấu th�i gian hiện tại cho ngày tác giả"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4410
-msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
-msgstr "đừng hy v�ng có ít nhất một dòng nội dung"
+#: builtin/am.c:2298 builtin/commit.c:1468 builtin/merge.c:239
+#: builtin/pull.c:183 builtin/revert.c:112 builtin/tag.c:399
+msgid "key-id"
+msgstr "mã-số-khóa"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4412
-msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
-msgstr "để lại khối dữ liệu bị từ chối trong các tập tin *.rej tương ứng"
+#: builtin/am.c:2299
+msgid "GPG-sign commits"
+msgstr "lần chuyển giao ký-GPG"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4414
-msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
-msgstr "cho phép chồng khối nhớ"
+#: builtin/am.c:2302
+msgid "(internal use for git-rebase)"
+msgstr "(dùng nội bộ cho git-rebase)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4417
-msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+#: builtin/am.c:2320
+msgid ""
+"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
 msgstr ""
-"đã dò tìm thấy dung sai không chính xác thiếu dòng mới tại cuối tập tin"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4420
-msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
-msgstr "không tin số lượng dòng trong phần đầu khối dữ liệu"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4422
-msgid "root"
-msgstr "root"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4423
-msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
-msgstr "treo thêm <root> vào tất cả các tên tập tin"
+"Tùy ch�n -b/--binary đã không dùng từ lâu rồi, và\n"
+"nó sẽ được b� đi. Xin đừng sử dụng nó thêm nữa."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4445
-msgid "--3way outside a repository"
-msgstr "--3way ở ngoài một kho chứa"
+#: builtin/am.c:2327
+msgid "failed to read the index"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi đ�c bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4453
-msgid "--index outside a repository"
-msgstr "--index ở ngoài một kho chứa"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4456
-msgid "--cached outside a repository"
-msgstr "--cached ở ngoài một kho chứa"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4472
+#: builtin/am.c:2342
 #, c-format
-msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
-msgstr "không thể mở miếng vá “%s�"
+msgid "previous rebase directory %s still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr "thư mục rebase trước %s không sẵn có nhưng mbox lại đưa ra."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4486
+#: builtin/am.c:2366
 #, c-format
-msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
-msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
-msgstr[0] "đã chấm dứt %d lỗi khoảng trắng"
+msgid ""
+"Stray %s directory found.\n"
+"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
+msgstr ""
+"Tìm thấy thư mục lạc %s.\n"
+"Dùng \"git am --abort\" để loại b� nó đi."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4492 builtin/apply.c:4502
-#, c-format
-msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
-msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
-msgstr[0] "%d dòng thêm khoảng trắng lỗi."
+#: builtin/am.c:2372
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr "Thao tác phân giải không được tiến hành, chúng ta không phục hồi lại."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:8
+msgid "git apply [<options>] [<patch>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<miếng-vá>…]"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:17
 #, c-format
@@ -2629,19 +5985,14 @@ msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
 msgstr "git archive: Máy chủ không có địa chỉ URL"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:58
-msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
-msgstr "git archive: cần ACK/NAK, nhưng lại nhận được EOF"
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr "git archive: cần ACK/NAK, nhưng lại nhận được gói flush"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
 msgstr "git archive: NACK %s"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:63
-#, c-format
-msgid "remote error: %s"
-msgstr "lỗi máy chủ: %s"
-
 #: builtin/archive.c:64
 msgid "git archive: protocol error"
 msgstr "git archive: lỗi giao thức"
@@ -2650,148 +6001,262 @@ msgstr "git archive: lỗi giao thức"
 msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
 msgstr "git archive: cần một flush (đẩy dữ liệu lên đĩa)"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:7
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:12
 msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
 msgstr "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:17
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:13
+msgid "git bisect--helper --write-terms <bad_term> <good_term>"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --write-terms <bad_term> <good_term>"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:14
+msgid "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid term"
+msgstr "“%s� không phải một th�i hạn hợp lệ."
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't use the builtin command '%s' as a term"
+msgstr "không thể dùng lệnh tích hợp “%s� như là một th�i kỳ"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't change the meaning of the term '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể thay đổi nghĩa của th�i kỳ “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:71
+msgid "please use two different terms"
+msgstr "vui lòng dùng hai th�i kỳ khác nhau"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:78
+msgid "could not open the file BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "không thể mở tập tin BISECT_TERMS"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:120
 msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
 msgstr "thực hiện “git bisect next�"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:19
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:122
+msgid "write the terms to .git/BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "ghi th�i kỳ vào .git/BISECT_TERMS"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:124
+msgid "cleanup the bisection state"
+msgstr "d�n dẹp tình trạng di chuyển nửa bước"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:126
+msgid "check for expected revs"
+msgstr "kiểm tra cho điểm xem xét cần dùng"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:128
 msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
 msgstr ""
 "cập nhật BISECT_HEAD thay vì lấy ra (checking out) lần chuyển giao hiện hành"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:30
-msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
-msgstr "git blame [các-tùy-ch�n] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] tập-tin"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:143
+msgid "--write-terms requires two arguments"
+msgstr "--write-terms cần hai tham số"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:147
+msgid "--bisect-clean-state requires no arguments"
+msgstr "--bisect-clean-state không nhận đối số"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:35
-msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
-msgstr "[rev-opts] được mô tả trong git-rev-list(1)"
+#: builtin/blame.c:29
+msgid "git blame [<options>] [<rev-opts>] [<rev>] [--] <file>"
+msgstr "git blame [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<rev-opts>] [<rev>] [--] <tập-tin>"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2501
+#: builtin/blame.c:34
+msgid "<rev-opts> are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+msgstr "<rev-opts> được mô tả trong tài liệu git-rev-list(1)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:404
+#, c-format
+msgid "expecting a color: %s"
+msgstr "cần một màu: %s"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:411
+msgid "must end with a color"
+msgstr "phải kết thúc bằng một màu"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:697
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid color '%s' in color.blame.repeatedLines"
+msgstr "màu không hợp lệ “%s� trong color.blame.repeatedLines"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:715
+msgid "invalid value for blame.coloring"
+msgstr "màu không hợp lệ cho blame.coloring"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:786
 msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
 msgstr "Hiển thị các mục “blame� như là chúng ta thấy chúng, tăng dần"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2502
+#: builtin/blame.c:787
 msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 "Hiển thị SHA-1 trắng cho những lần chuyển giao biên giới (Mặc định: off)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2503
+#: builtin/blame.c:788
 msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Không coi các lần chuyển giao gốc là giới hạn (Mặc định: off)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2504
+#: builtin/blame.c:789
 msgid "Show work cost statistics"
 msgstr "Hiển thị thống kê công sức làm việc"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2505
+#: builtin/blame.c:790
+msgid "Force progress reporting"
+msgstr "Ép buộc báo cáo tiến triển công việc"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:791
 msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
 msgstr "Hiển thị kết xuất điểm số có các mục tin “blame�"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2506
+#: builtin/blame.c:792
 msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
 msgstr "Hiển thị tên tập tin gốc (Mặc định: auto)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2507
+#: builtin/blame.c:793
 msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Hiển thị số dòng gốc (Mặc định: off)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2508
+#: builtin/blame.c:794
 msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
 msgstr "Hiển thị ở định dạng đã thiết kế cho sự tiêu dùng bằng máy"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2509
+#: builtin/blame.c:795
 msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
 msgstr "Hiển thị định dạng “porcelain� với thông tin chuyển giao mỗi dòng"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2510
+#: builtin/blame.c:796
 msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
-msgstr "Dùng cùng chế độ xuất ra vóigit-annotate (Mặc định: off)"
+msgstr "Dùng cùng chế độ xuất ra với git-annotate (Mặc định: off)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2511
+#: builtin/blame.c:797
 msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Hiển thị dấu vết th�i gian dạng thô (Mặc định: off)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2512
+#: builtin/blame.c:798
 msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Hiển thị SHA1 của lần chuyển giao dạng dài (Mặc định: off)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2513
+#: builtin/blame.c:799
 msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Không hiển thị tên tác giả và dấu vết th�i gian (Mặc định: off)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2514
+#: builtin/blame.c:800
 msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Hiển thị thư điện tử của tác giả thay vì tên (Mặc định: off)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2515
+#: builtin/blame.c:801
 msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
 msgstr "B� qua các khác biệt do khoảng trắng gây ra"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2516
+#: builtin/blame.c:802
+msgid "color redundant metadata from previous line differently"
+msgstr "siêu dữ liệu dư thừa màu từ dòng trước khác hẳn"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:803
+msgid "color lines by age"
+msgstr "các dòng màu theo tuổi"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:810
+msgid "Use an experimental heuristic to improve diffs"
+msgstr "Dùng một ph�ng đoán thử nghiệm để tăng cư�ng các diff"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:812
 msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
 msgstr "Tiêu thụ thêm năng tài nguyên máy móc để tìm kiếm tốt hơn nữa"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2517
+#: builtin/blame.c:813
 msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
 msgstr ""
 "Sử dụng điểm xét duyệt (revision) từ <tập tin> thay vì g�i “git-rev-list�"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2518
+#: builtin/blame.c:814
 msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
 msgstr "Sử dụng nội dung của <tập tin> như là ảnh cuối cùng"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2519 builtin/blame.c:2520
+#: builtin/blame.c:815 builtin/blame.c:816
 msgid "score"
 msgstr "điểm số"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2519
+#: builtin/blame.c:815
 msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
 msgstr "Tìm các bản sao chép dòng trong và ngang qua tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2520
+#: builtin/blame.c:816
 msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
 msgstr "Tìm các di chuyển dòng trong và ngang qua tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2521
+#: builtin/blame.c:817
 msgid "n,m"
 msgstr "n,m"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2521
+#: builtin/blame.c:817
 msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
 msgstr "Xử lý chỉ dòng vùng n,m, tính từ 1"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the maximum
-#. display width for a relative timestamp in "git blame"
-#. output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11 months ago", which
-#. takes 22 places, is the longest among various forms of
-#. relative timestamps, but your language may need more or
-#. fewer display columns.
-#: builtin/blame.c:2602
+#: builtin/blame.c:866
+msgid "--progress can't be used with --incremental or porcelain formats"
+msgstr ""
+"--progress không được dùng cùng với --incremental hay các định dạng porcelain"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the
+#. maximum display width for a relative timestamp in
+#. "git blame" output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11
+#. months ago", which takes 22 places, is the longest
+#. among various forms of relative timestamps, but
+#. your language may need more or fewer display
+#. columns.
+#.
+#: builtin/blame.c:917
 msgid "4 years, 11 months ago"
 msgstr "4 năm, 11 tháng trước"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:24
-msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
-msgstr "git branch [các-tùy-ch�n] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:25
-msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
-msgstr "git branch [các-tùy-ch�n] [-l] [-f] <tên-nhánh> [<điểm-đầu>]"
+#: builtin/blame.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s has only %lu line"
+msgid_plural "file %s has only %lu lines"
+msgstr[0] "tập tin %s chỉ có %lu dòng"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:26
-msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
-msgstr "git branch [các-tùy-ch�n] [-r] (-d | -D) <tên-nhánh> …"
+#: builtin/blame.c:1049
+msgid "Blaming lines"
+msgstr "Các dòng blame"
 
 #: builtin/branch.c:27
-msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
-msgstr "git branch [các-tùy-ch�n] (-m | -M) [<nhánh-cũ>] <nhánh-mới>"
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+msgstr "git branch [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:28
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-l] [-f] <branch-name> [<start-point>]"
+msgstr "git branch [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [-l] [-f] <tên-nhánh> [<điểm-đầu>]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:29
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r] (-d | -D) <branch-name>..."
+msgstr "git branch [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [-r] (-d | -D) <tên-nhánh> …"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:30
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-m | -M) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [<các-tùy-ch�n>] (-m | -M) [<nhánh-cũ>] <nhánh-mới>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:31
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-c | -C) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [<các-tùy-ch�n>] (-c | -C) [<nhánh-cũ>] <nhánh-mới>"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:152
+#: builtin/branch.c:32
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+msgstr "git branch [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:33
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+msgstr "git branch [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:146
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
@@ -2800,7 +6265,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "đang xóa nhánh “%s� mà nó lại đã được hòa trộn vào\n"
 "         “%s�, nhưng vẫn chưa được hòa trộn vào HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:156
+#: builtin/branch.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
@@ -2809,12 +6274,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "không xóa nhánh “%s� cái mà chưa được hòa trộn vào\n"
 "         “%s�, cho dù là nó đã được hòa trộn vào HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:170
+#: builtin/branch.c:164
 #, c-format
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể tìm kiếm đối tượng chuyển giao cho “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:174
+#: builtin/branch.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
@@ -2823,301 +6288,302 @@ msgstr ""
 "Nhánh “%s� không được trộn một cách đầy đủ.\n"
 "Nếu bạn thực sự muốn xóa nó, thì chạy lệnh “git branch -D %s�."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:187
+#: builtin/branch.c:181
 msgid "Update of config-file failed"
 msgstr "Cập nhật tập tin cấu hình gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:215
+#: builtin/branch.c:212
 msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
 msgstr "không thể dùng tùy ch�n -a với -d"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:221
+#: builtin/branch.c:218
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
 msgstr "Không thể tìm kiếm đối tượng chuyển giao cho HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:229
+#: builtin/branch.c:232
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
-msgstr "Không thể xóa nhánh “%s� cái mà bạn hiện nay đang ở."
+msgid "Cannot delete branch '%s' checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể xóa nhánh “%s� đã được lấy ra tại “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:245
+#: builtin/branch.c:247
 #, c-format
-msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
-msgstr "không tìm thấy nhánh máy chủ “%s�."
+msgid "remote-tracking branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "không tìm thấy nhánh theo dõi máy chủ “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:246
+#: builtin/branch.c:248
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr "không tìm thấy nhánh “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:260
+#: builtin/branch.c:263
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
-msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đang xóa nhánh trên máy chủ “%s�"
+msgid "Error deleting remote-tracking branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đang xóa nhánh theo dõi máy chủ “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:261
+#: builtin/branch.c:264
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi xóa b� nhánh “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:268
+#: builtin/branch.c:271
 #, c-format
-msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
-msgstr "Nhánh trên máy chủ \"%s\" đã bị xóa (từng là %s).\n"
+msgid "Deleted remote-tracking branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "�ã xóa nhánh theo dõi máy chủ \"%s\" (từng là %s).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:269
+#: builtin/branch.c:272
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
 msgstr "Nhánh “%s� đã bị xóa (từng là %s)\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:370
-#, c-format
-msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
-msgstr "nhánh “%s� không chỉ đến một lần chuyển giao nào cả"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:459
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: gone]"
-msgstr "[%s: đã ra đi]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:464
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s]"
-msgstr "[%s]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:469
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
-msgstr "[%s: đằng sau %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:471
-#, c-format
-msgid "[behind %d]"
-msgstr "[đằng sau %d]"
+#: builtin/branch.c:416 builtin/tag.c:58
+msgid "unable to parse format string"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích chuỗi định dạng"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:475
+#: builtin/branch.c:453
 #, c-format
-msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
-msgstr "[%s: phía trước %d]"
+msgid "Branch %s is being rebased at %s"
+msgstr "Nhánh %s đang được cải tổ lại tại %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:477
+#: builtin/branch.c:457
 #, c-format
-msgid "[ahead %d]"
-msgstr "[phía trước %d]"
+msgid "Branch %s is being bisected at %s"
+msgstr "Nhánh %s đang được di chuyển phân đôi (bisect) tại %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:480
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
-msgstr "[%s: trÆ°á»›c %d, sau %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:483
-#, c-format
-msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
-msgstr "[trÆ°á»›c %d, sau %d]"
+#: builtin/branch.c:474
+msgid "cannot copy the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr "không thể sao chép nhánh hiện hành trong khi nó chẳng ở đâu cả."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:496
-msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
-msgstr " **** tham chiếu không hợp lệ ****"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:587
-#, c-format
-msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
-msgstr "(không nhánh, đang cải tổ %s)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:590
-#, c-format
-msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
-msgstr "(không nhánh, di chuyển nửa bước được bắt đầu tại %s)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:593
-#, c-format
-msgid "(detached from %s)"
-msgstr "(được tách r�i từ %s)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:596
-msgid "(no branch)"
-msgstr "(không nhánh)"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:643
-#, c-format
-msgid "object '%s' does not point to a commit"
-msgstr "đối tượng “%s� không chỉ đến một lần chuyển giao nào cả"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:691
-msgid "some refs could not be read"
-msgstr "một số tham chiếu đã không thể đ�c được"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:704
+#: builtin/branch.c:476
 msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
 msgstr "không thể đổi tên nhánh hiện hành trong khi nó chẳng ở đâu cả."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:714
+#: builtin/branch.c:487
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
 msgstr "Tên nhánh không hợp lệ: “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:729
+#: builtin/branch.c:514
 msgid "Branch rename failed"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đổi tên nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:733
+#: builtin/branch.c:516
+msgid "Branch copy failed"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi sao chép nhánh"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:520
+#, c-format
+msgid "Created a copy of a misnamed branch '%s'"
+msgstr "�ã tạo một bản sao của nhánh khuyết danh “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:523
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
 msgstr "�ã đổi tên nhánh khuyết danh “%s� đi"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:737
+#: builtin/branch.c:529
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
 msgstr "Nhánh bị đổi tên thành %s, nhưng HEAD lại không được cập nhật!"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:744
+#: builtin/branch.c:538
 msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
 msgstr "Nhánh bị đổi tên, nhưng cập nhật tập tin cấu hình gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:759
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name %s"
-msgstr "tên đối tượng dị hình %s"
+#: builtin/branch.c:540
+msgid "Branch is copied, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "Nhánh đã được sao chép, nhưng cập nhật tập tin cấu hình gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:783
+#: builtin/branch.c:556
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
-msgstr "không thể ghi vào mẫu mô tả nhánh: %s"
+msgid ""
+"Please edit the description for the branch\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be stripped.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Viết các ghi chú cho nhánh:\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Những dòng được bắt đầu bằng “%c� sẽ được cắt b�.\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:813
+#: builtin/branch.c:589
 msgid "Generic options"
 msgstr "Tùy ch�n chung"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:815
+#: builtin/branch.c:591
 msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
 msgstr "hiển thị mã băm và chủ đ�, đưa ra hai lần cho nhánh thượng nguồn"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:816
+#: builtin/branch.c:592
 msgid "suppress informational messages"
 msgstr "không xuất các thông tin"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:817
+#: builtin/branch.c:593
 msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
 msgstr "cài đặt chế độ theo dõi (xem git-pull(1))"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:819
-msgid "change upstream info"
+#: builtin/branch.c:595
+msgid "do not use"
+msgstr "không dùng"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
+msgid "upstream"
+msgstr "thượng nguồn"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
+msgid "change the upstream info"
 msgstr "thay đổi thông tin thượng nguồn"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:823
+#: builtin/branch.c:598
+msgid "Unset the upstream info"
+msgstr "B� đặt thông tin thượng nguồn"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:599
 msgid "use colored output"
 msgstr "tô màu kết xuất"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:824
+#: builtin/branch.c:600
 msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "thao tác trên nhánh “remote-tracking�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:827 builtin/branch.c:833 builtin/branch.c:854
-#: builtin/branch.c:860 builtin/commit.c:1586 builtin/commit.c:1587
-#: builtin/commit.c:1588 builtin/commit.c:1589 builtin/tag.c:616
-#: builtin/tag.c:622
-msgid "commit"
-msgstr "lần_chuyển_giao"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:828 builtin/branch.c:834
+#: builtin/branch.c:602 builtin/branch.c:604
 msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những nhánh mà nó chứa lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:840
+#: builtin/branch.c:603 builtin/branch.c:605
+msgid "print only branches that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những nhánh mà nó không chứa lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:608
 msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
 msgstr "Hành động git-branch:"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:841
+#: builtin/branch.c:609
 msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "liệt kê cả nhánh “remote-tracking� và nội bộ"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:843
+#: builtin/branch.c:611
 msgid "delete fully merged branch"
 msgstr "xóa một toàn bộ nhánh đã hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:844
+#: builtin/branch.c:612
 msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
 msgstr "xóa nhánh (cho dù là chưa được hòa trộn)"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:845
+#: builtin/branch.c:613
 msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
 msgstr "di chuyển hay đổi tên một nhánh và reflog của nó"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:846
+#: builtin/branch.c:614
 msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
 msgstr "di chuyển hoặc đổi tên một nhánh ngay cả khi đích đã có sẵn"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:847
+#: builtin/branch.c:615
+msgid "copy a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr "sao chép một nhánh và reflog của nó"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:616
+msgid "copy a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr "sao chép một nhánh ngay cả khi đích đã có sẵn"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:617
 msgid "list branch names"
 msgstr "liệt kê các tên nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:848
+#: builtin/branch.c:618
 msgid "create the branch's reflog"
 msgstr "tạo reflog của nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:850
+#: builtin/branch.c:620
 msgid "edit the description for the branch"
 msgstr "sửa mô tả cho nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:851
+#: builtin/branch.c:621
 msgid "force creation, move/rename, deletion"
 msgstr "buộc tạo, di chuyển/đổi tên, xóa"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:854
-msgid "print only not merged branches"
-msgstr "chỉ hiển thị các nhánh chưa được hòa trộn"
+#: builtin/branch.c:622
+msgid "print only branches that are merged"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những nhánh mà nó được hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:860
-msgid "print only merged branches"
-msgstr "chỉ hiển thị các nhánh đã hòa trộn"
+#: builtin/branch.c:623
+msgid "print only branches that are not merged"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những nhánh mà nó không được hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:864
+#: builtin/branch.c:624
 msgid "list branches in columns"
 msgstr "liệt kê các nhánh trong các cột"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:877
-msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
-msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân giải HEAD như là một tham chiếu hợp lệ."
+#: builtin/branch.c:625 builtin/for-each-ref.c:40 builtin/ls-remote.c:70
+#: builtin/tag.c:412
+msgid "key"
+msgstr "khóa"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:626 builtin/for-each-ref.c:41 builtin/ls-remote.c:71
+#: builtin/tag.c:413
+msgid "field name to sort on"
+msgstr "tên trư�ng cần sắp xếp"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:881 builtin/clone.c:637
+#: builtin/branch.c:628 builtin/for-each-ref.c:43 builtin/notes.c:408
+#: builtin/notes.c:411 builtin/notes.c:571 builtin/notes.c:574
+#: builtin/tag.c:415
+msgid "object"
+msgstr "đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:629
+msgid "print only branches of the object"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị các nhánh của đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:631 builtin/for-each-ref.c:49 builtin/tag.c:422
+msgid "sorting and filtering are case insensitive"
+msgstr "sắp xếp và l�c là phân biệt HOA thư�ng"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:632 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38 builtin/tag.c:420
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format to use for the output"
+msgstr "định dạng sẽ dùng cho đầu ra"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:655 builtin/clone.c:737
 msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
 msgstr "không tìm thấy HEAD ở dưới refs/heads!"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:903
+#: builtin/branch.c:678
 msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
 msgstr "tùy ch�n --column và --verbose xung khắc nhau"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:914 builtin/branch.c:953
+#: builtin/branch.c:693 builtin/branch.c:745 builtin/branch.c:754
 msgid "branch name required"
 msgstr "cần chỉ ra tên nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:929
+#: builtin/branch.c:721
 msgid "Cannot give description to detached HEAD"
 msgstr "Không thể đưa ra mô tả HEAD đã tách r�i"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:934
+#: builtin/branch.c:726
 msgid "cannot edit description of more than one branch"
 msgstr "không thể sửa mô tả cho nhi�u hơn một nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:941
+#: builtin/branch.c:733
 #, c-format
 msgid "No commit on branch '%s' yet."
 msgstr "Vẫn chưa chuyển giao trên nhánh “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:944
+#: builtin/branch.c:736
 #, c-format
 msgid "No branch named '%s'."
 msgstr "Không có nhánh nào có tên “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:959
-msgid "too many branches for a rename operation"
-msgstr "quá nhi�u nhánh dành cho thao tác đổi tên"
+#: builtin/branch.c:751
+msgid "too many branches for a copy operation"
+msgstr "quá nhi�u nhánh dành cho thao tác sao chép"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:964
-msgid "too many branches to set new upstream"
-msgstr "quá nhi�u nhánh được đặt cho thượng nguồn mới"
+#: builtin/branch.c:760
+msgid "too many arguments for a rename operation"
+msgstr "quá nhi�u tham số cho thao tác đổi tên"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:968
+#: builtin/branch.c:765
+msgid "too many arguments to set new upstream"
+msgstr "quá nhi�u tham số để đặt thượng nguồn mới"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:769
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when it does not point to any branch."
@@ -3125,354 +6591,370 @@ msgstr ""
 "không thể đặt thượng nguồn của HEAD thành %s khi mà nó chẳng chỉ đến nhánh "
 "nào cả."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:971 builtin/branch.c:993 builtin/branch.c:1014
+#: builtin/branch.c:772 builtin/branch.c:794 builtin/branch.c:810
 #, c-format
 msgid "no such branch '%s'"
 msgstr "không có nhánh nào như thế “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:975
+#: builtin/branch.c:776
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "chưa có nhánh “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:987
-msgid "too many branches to unset upstream"
-msgstr "quá nhi�u nhánh để b� đặt thượng nguồn"
+#: builtin/branch.c:788
+msgid "too many arguments to unset upstream"
+msgstr "quá nhi�u tham số để b� đặt thượng nguồn"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:991
+#: builtin/branch.c:792
 msgid "could not unset upstream of HEAD when it does not point to any branch."
 msgstr "không thể b� đặt thượng nguồn của HEAD không chỉ đến một nhánh nào cả."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:997
+#: builtin/branch.c:798
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
 msgstr "Nhánh “%s� không có thông tin thượng nguồn"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1011
-msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
-msgstr "không hợp lý khi tạo “HEAD� thủ công"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1017
+#: builtin/branch.c:813
 msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
 msgstr ""
 "hai tùy ch�n -a và -r áp dụng cho lệnh “git branch� không hợp lý đối với tên "
 "nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1020
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
-"track or --set-upstream-to\n"
-msgstr ""
-"C� --set-upstream đã lạc hậu và sẽ bị xóa b�. Nên dùng --track hoặc --set-"
-"upstream-to\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1037
-#, c-format
+#: builtin/branch.c:816
 msgid ""
-"\n"
-"If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
-"\n"
+"the '--set-upstream' option is no longer supported. Please use '--track' or "
+"'--set-upstream-to' instead."
 msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"Nếu bạn muốn “%s� theo dõi “%s�, thực hiện lệnh sau:\n"
-"\n"
+"tùy ch�n --set-upstream đã không còn được hỗ trợ nữa. Vui lòng dùng “--"
+"track� hoặc “--set-upstream-to� để thay thế."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1038
-#, c-format
-msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
-msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1039
-#, c-format
-msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
-msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#: builtin/bundle.c:45
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is okay\n"
 msgstr "“%s� tốt\n"
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+#: builtin/bundle.c:58
 msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
 msgstr "Cần một kho chứa để có thể tạo một bundle."
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+#: builtin/bundle.c:62
 msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
 msgstr "Cần một kho chứa để có thể giải nén một bundle."
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:328
-msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
-msgstr "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<kiểu>|--textconv) <đối_tượng>"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:525
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <type> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<path>] <object>"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <kiểu> | --textconv) | --filters) [--path=<đư�ng/dẫn>] <đối_tượng>"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:329
-msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
-msgstr "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <danh-sách-đối-tượng>"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:526
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:366
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:563
 msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 msgstr "<kiểu> là một trong số: blob, tree, commit hoặc tag"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:367
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:564
 msgid "show object type"
 msgstr "hiển thị kiểu đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:368
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:565
 msgid "show object size"
 msgstr "hiển thị kích thước đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:370
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:567
 msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
 msgstr "thoát với 0 khi không có lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:371
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:568
 msgid "pretty-print object's content"
 msgstr "in nội dung đối tượng dạng dễ đ�c"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:373
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:570
 msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
 msgstr "với đối tượng blob, chạy lệnh textconv trên nội dung của đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:375
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:572
+msgid "for blob objects, run filters on object's content"
+msgstr "với đối tượng blob, chạy lệnh filters trên nội dung của đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:573 git-submodule.sh:894
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr "blob"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:574
+msgid "use a specific path for --textconv/--filters"
+msgstr "dùng một đư�ng dẫn rõ ràng cho --textconv/--filters"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:576
+msgid "allow -s and -t to work with broken/corrupt objects"
+msgstr "cho phép -s và -t để làm việc với các đối tượng sai/h�ng"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:577
+msgid "buffer --batch output"
+msgstr "đệm kết xuất --batch"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:579
 msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr ""
 "hiển thị thông tin và nội dung của các đối tượng lấy từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:378
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:582
 msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr "hiển thị các thông tin v� đối tượng fed  từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:11
-msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname..."
-msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr…] [--] tên-đư�ng-dẫn…"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:585
+msgid "follow in-tree symlinks (used with --batch or --batch-check)"
+msgstr "theo liên kết m�m trong-cây (được dùng với --batch hay --batch-check)"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:587
+msgid "show all objects with --batch or --batch-check"
+msgstr "hiển thị m�i đối tượng với --batch hay --batch-check"
 
 #: builtin/check-attr.c:12
-msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>"
-msgstr ""
-"git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr…] < <danh-sách-đư�ng-dẫn>"
+msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | <attr>...] [--] <pathname>..."
+msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | <attr>…] [--] tên-đư�ng-dẫn…"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:19
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:13
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...]"
+msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>…]"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
 msgid "report all attributes set on file"
 msgstr "báo cáo tất cả các thuộc tính đặt trên tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21
 msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
 msgstr "chỉ dùng .gitattributes từ bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/check-ignore.c:22 builtin/hash-object.c:98
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:22 builtin/check-ignore.c:24 builtin/hash-object.c:100
 msgid "read file names from stdin"
 msgstr "đ�c tên tập tin từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:23 builtin/check-ignore.c:24
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:24 builtin/check-ignore.c:26
 msgid "terminate input and output records by a NUL character"
 msgstr "chấm dứt các bản ghi vào và ra bằng ký tự NULL"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:18 builtin/checkout.c:1107 builtin/gc.c:274
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:20 builtin/checkout.c:1113 builtin/gc.c:500
 msgid "suppress progress reporting"
 msgstr "chặn các báo cáo tiến trình hoạt động"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:26
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
 msgid "show non-matching input paths"
 msgstr "hiển thị những đư�ng dẫn đầu vào không khớp với mẫu"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:30
 msgid "ignore index when checking"
 msgstr "b� qua mục lục khi kiểm tra"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:154
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
 msgid "cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
 msgstr "không thể chỉ định các tên đư�ng dẫn với --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:157
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:162
 msgid "-z only makes sense with --stdin"
 msgstr "-z chỉ hợp lý với --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:164
 msgid "no path specified"
 msgstr "chưa chỉ ra đư�ng dẫn"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:163
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
 msgid "--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
 msgstr "--quiet chỉ hợp lệ với tên đư�ng dẫn đơn"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:165
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:170
 msgid "cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"
 msgstr "không thể dùng cả hai tùy ch�n --quiet và --verbose"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:173
 msgid "--non-matching is only valid with --verbose"
 msgstr "tùy-ch�n --non-matching chỉ hợp lệ khi dùng với --verbose"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:8
-msgid "git check-mailmap [options] <contact>..."
-msgstr "git check-mailmap [các-tùy-ch�n] <danh-bạ>…"
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:9
+msgid "git check-mailmap [<options>] <contact>..."
+msgstr "git check-mailmap [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <danh-bạ>…"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:13
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:14
 msgid "also read contacts from stdin"
 msgstr "đồng th�i đ�c các danh bạ từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:24
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:25
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse contact: %s"
 msgstr "không thể phân tích danh bạ: “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:47
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:48
 msgid "no contacts specified"
 msgstr "chưa chỉ ra danh bạ"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
-msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git checkout-index [các-tùy-ch�n] [--] [<tập-tin>…]"
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:128
+msgid "git checkout-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git checkout-index [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [--] [<tập-tin>…]"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:188
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:143
+msgid "stage should be between 1 and 3 or all"
+msgstr "stage nên giữa 1 và 3 hay all"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:159
 msgid "check out all files in the index"
 msgstr "lấy ra toàn bộ các tập tin trong bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:189
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:160
 msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
 msgstr "ép buộc ghi đè lên tập tin đã sẵn có từ trước"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:191
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:162
 msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
 msgstr ""
 "không cảnh báo cho những tập tin tồn tại và không có trong bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:193
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:164
 msgid "don't checkout new files"
 msgstr "không checkout các tập tin mới"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:195
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:166
 msgid "update stat information in the index file"
 msgstr "cập nhật thông tin thống kê trong tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:201
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:170
 msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
 msgstr "đ�c danh sách đư�ng dẫn từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:203
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:172
 msgid "write the content to temporary files"
 msgstr "ghi nội dung vào tập tin tạm"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:204 builtin/column.c:30
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:173 builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1216 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1219
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1227 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1591
+#: builtin/worktree.c:610
 msgid "string"
 msgstr "chuá»—i"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:205
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:174
 msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
 msgstr "khi tạo các tập tin, nối thêm <chuỗi>"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:208
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:176
 msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
 msgstr "sao chép ra các tập tin từ bệ phóng có tên"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:25
-msgid "git checkout [options] <branch>"
-msgstr "git checkout [các-tùy-ch�n] <nhánh>"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:27
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] <branch>"
+msgstr "git checkout [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <nhánh>"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:26
-msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
-msgstr "git checkout [các-tùy-ch�n] [<nhánh>] -- <tập-tin>…"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:28
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
+msgstr "git checkout [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<nhánh>] -- <tập-tin>…"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:132 builtin/checkout.c:165
+#: builtin/checkout.c:136 builtin/checkout.c:169
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn “%s� không có các phiên bản của chúng ta"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:134 builtin/checkout.c:167
+#: builtin/checkout.c:138 builtin/checkout.c:171
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn “%s� không có các phiên bản của chúng"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:150
+#: builtin/checkout.c:154
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn “%s� không có tất cả các phiên bản cần thiết"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:194
+#: builtin/checkout.c:198
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn “%s� không có các phiên bản cần thiết"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:211
+#: builtin/checkout.c:215
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn “%s�: không thể hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:228
+#: builtin/checkout.c:231
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể thêm kết quả hòa trộn cho “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:249 builtin/checkout.c:252 builtin/checkout.c:255
-#: builtin/checkout.c:258
+#: builtin/checkout.c:253 builtin/checkout.c:256 builtin/checkout.c:259
+#: builtin/checkout.c:262
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
 msgstr "không được dùng “%s� với các đư�ng dẫn cập nhật"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:261 builtin/checkout.c:264
+#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:268
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr "không được dùng “%s� với %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:267
+#: builtin/checkout.c:271
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
 msgstr ""
 "Không thể cập nhật các đư�ng dẫn và chuyển đến nhánh “%s� cùng một lúc."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:278 builtin/checkout.c:467
-msgid "corrupt index file"
-msgstr "tập tin ghi bảng mục lục bị h�ng"
-
-#: builtin/checkout.c:338 builtin/checkout.c:345
+#: builtin/checkout.c:340 builtin/checkout.c:347
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn “%s� không được hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:489
+#: builtin/checkout.c:506
 msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
 msgstr "bạn cần phải giải quyết bảng mục lục hiện tại của bạn trước đã"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:615
+#: builtin/checkout.c:643
 #, c-format
-msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
-msgstr "Không thể thực hiện reflog cho “%s�\n"
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "Không thể thực hiện reflog cho “%s�: %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:653
+#: builtin/checkout.c:684
 msgid "HEAD is now at"
 msgstr "HEAD hiện gi� tại"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:660
+#: builtin/checkout.c:688 builtin/clone.c:691
+msgid "unable to update HEAD"
+msgstr "không thể cập nhật HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:692
 #, c-format
 msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "�ặt lại nhánh “%s�\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:663
+#: builtin/checkout.c:695
 #, c-format
 msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
 msgstr "�ã sẵn sàng trên “%s�\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:667
+#: builtin/checkout.c:699
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "�ã chuyển tới và đặt lại nhánh “%s�\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:669 builtin/checkout.c:1050
+#: builtin/checkout.c:701 builtin/checkout.c:1046
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "�ã chuyển đến nhánh mới “%s�\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:671
+#: builtin/checkout.c:703
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "�ã chuyển đến nhánh “%s�\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:723
+#: builtin/checkout.c:754
 #, c-format
 msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
 msgstr " … và nhi�u hơn %d.\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:729
+#: builtin/checkout.c:760
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
@@ -3491,172 +6973,185 @@ msgstr[0] ""
 "\n"
 "%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:747
+#: builtin/checkout.c:779
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
+"If you want to keep it by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgid_plural ""
 "If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
 "to do so with:\n"
 "\n"
-" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
 "\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Nếu bạn muốn giữ chúng bằng cách tạo ra một nhánh mới, đây có lẽ là một th�i "
-"điểm thích hợp\n"
-"để làm thế bằng lệnh:\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Nếu bạn muốn giữ (chúng) nó bằng cách tạo ra một nhánh mới, đây có lẽ là\n"
+"một th�i điểm thích hợp để làm thế bằng lệnh:\n"
 "\n"
-" git branch tên_nhánh_mới %s\n"
+" git branch <tên_nhánh_mới> %s\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:777
+#: builtin/checkout.c:811
 msgid "internal error in revision walk"
 msgstr "lỗi nội bộ trong khi di chuyển qua các điểm xét duyệt"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:781
+#: builtin/checkout.c:815
 msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
 msgstr "Vị trí trước kia của HEAD là"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:808 builtin/checkout.c:1045
+#: builtin/checkout.c:843 builtin/checkout.c:1041
 msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr "Bạn tại nhánh mà nó chưa h� được sinh ra"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:952
+#: builtin/checkout.c:947
 #, c-format
 msgid "only one reference expected, %d given."
 msgstr "chỉ cần một tham chiếu, nhưng lại đưa ra %d."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:991
+#: builtin/checkout.c:987 builtin/worktree.c:240 builtin/worktree.c:389
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid reference: %s"
 msgstr "tham chiếu không hợp lệ: %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1020
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
 #, c-format
 msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
 msgstr "tham chiếu không phải là một cây:%s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1059
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1055
 msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr "các đư�ng dẫn không thể dùng cùng với các nhánh chuyển"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1062 builtin/checkout.c:1066
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1058 builtin/checkout.c:1062
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr "“%s� không thể được sử dụng với các nhánh chuyển"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1070 builtin/checkout.c:1073 builtin/checkout.c:1078
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1081
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1066 builtin/checkout.c:1069 builtin/checkout.c:1074
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1077
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
 msgstr "“%s� không thể được dùng với “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1086
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1082
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể chuyển nhánh đến một thứ không phải là lần chuyển giao “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1108 builtin/checkout.c:1110 builtin/clone.c:90
-#: builtin/remote.c:159 builtin/remote.c:161
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1114 builtin/checkout.c:1116 builtin/clone.c:118
+#: builtin/remote.c:167 builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/worktree.c:433
+#: builtin/worktree.c:435
 msgid "branch"
 msgstr "nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1109
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1115
 msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
 msgstr "tạo và checkout một nhánh mới"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1111
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1117
 msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
 msgstr "tạo/đặt_lại và checkout một nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1112
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1118
 msgid "create reflog for new branch"
 msgstr "tạo reflog cho nhánh mới"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1113
-msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
-msgstr "r�i b� HEAD tại lần chuyển giao danh nghĩa"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1119 builtin/worktree.c:437
+msgid "detach HEAD at named commit"
+msgstr "r�i b� HEAD tại lần chuyển giao theo tên"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1114
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1120
 msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
 msgstr "đặt thông tin thượng nguồn cho nhánh mới"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
 msgid "new-branch"
 msgstr "nhánh-mới"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
 msgid "new unparented branch"
 msgstr "nhánh không cha mới"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1117
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1123
 msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
 msgstr ""
 "lấy ra (checkout) phiên bản của chúng ta cho các tập tin chưa được hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1119
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
 msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
 msgstr ""
 "lấy ra (checkout) phiên bản của chúng h� cho các tập tin chưa được hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1121
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1127
 msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
 msgstr "ép buộc lấy ra (b� đi những thay đổi nội bộ)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1129
 msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
 msgstr "thực hiện hòa trộn kiểu 3-way với nhánh mới"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1123 builtin/merge.c:227
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1131 builtin/merge.c:241
 msgid "update ignored files (default)"
 msgstr "cập nhật các tập tin bị b� qua (mặc định)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1124 builtin/log.c:1239 parse-options.h:245
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1133 builtin/log.c:1499 parse-options.h:264
 msgid "style"
 msgstr "kiểu"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1134
 msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
 msgstr "xung đột kiểu (hòa trộn hoặc diff3)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1128
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1137
 msgid "do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only"
 msgstr "không giới hạn đặc tả đư�ng dẫn thành chỉ các mục thưa thớt"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1130
-msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
-msgstr "gợi ý thứ hai “git checkout không-nhánh-nào-như-vậy�"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1139
+msgid "second guess 'git checkout <no-such-branch>'"
+msgstr "gợi ý thứ hai \"git checkout <không-nhánh-nào-như-vậy>\""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1153
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1141
+msgid "do not check if another worktree is holding the given ref"
+msgstr "không kiểm tra nếu cây làm việc khác đang giữ tham chiếu đã cho"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1145 builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/fetch.c:149
+#: builtin/merge.c:238 builtin/pull.c:128 builtin/push.c:572
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:174
+msgid "force progress reporting"
+msgstr "ép buộc báo cáo tiến triển công việc"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1175
 msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
 msgstr "Các tùy ch�n -b, -B và --orphan loại từ lẫn nhau"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1170
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1192
 msgid "--track needs a branch name"
 msgstr "--track cần tên một nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1175
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1197
 msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
 msgstr "Thiếu tên nhánh; hãy thử -b"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1212
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1233
 msgid "invalid path specification"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn đã cho không hợp lệ"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1219
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1240
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
-"Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit and a branch '%s' cannot be created from it"
 msgstr ""
-"Không thể cập nhật và chuyển thành nhánh “%s� cùng lúc\n"
-"Bạn đã có ý định checkout “%s� cái mà không thể được phân giải như là lần "
-"chuyển giao?"
+"“%s� không phải là một lần chuyển giao và một nhánh'%s� không thể được tạo "
+"từ đó"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1224
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1244
 #, c-format
 msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
 msgstr "git checkout: --detach không nhận một đối số đư�ng dẫn “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1228
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1248
 msgid ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
 "checking out of the index."
@@ -3695,19 +7190,21 @@ msgstr "Nên b� qua kho chứa %s\n"
 msgid "failed to remove %s"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi gỡ b� %s"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:295
+#: builtin/clean.c:302 git-add--interactive.perl:579
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Prompt help:\n"
 "1          - select a numbered item\n"
 "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
-"           - (empty) select nothing"
+"           - (empty) select nothing\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Trợ giúp v� nhắc:\n"
 "1          - ch�n một mục được đánh số\n"
 "foo        - ch�n mục trên cơ sở ti�n tố duy nhất\n"
-"           - (để trống) không ch�n gì cả"
+"           - (để trống) không ch�n gì cả\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:299
+#: builtin/clean.c:306 git-add--interactive.perl:588
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Prompt help:\n"
 "1          - select a single item\n"
@@ -3716,46 +7213,49 @@ msgid ""
 "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
 "-...       - unselect specified items\n"
 "*          - choose all items\n"
-"           - (empty) finish selecting"
+"           - (empty) finish selecting\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Trợ giúp v� nhắc:\n"
 "1          - ch�n một mục đơn\n"
 "3-5        - ch�n một vùng\n"
 "2-3,6-9    - ch�n nhi�u vùng\n"
 "foo        - ch�n mục dựa trên ti�n tố duy nhất\n"
-"-…       - không ch�n các mục đã chỉ ra\n"
+"-…         - không ch�n các mục đã chỉ ra\n"
 "*          - ch�n tất\n"
-"           - (để trống) kết thúc việc ch�n"
+"           - (để trống) kết thúc việc ch�n\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:517
-#, c-format
-msgid "Huh (%s)?"
-msgstr "Hả (%s)?"
+#: builtin/clean.c:522 git-add--interactive.perl:554
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:559
+#, c-format, perl-format
+msgid "Huh (%s)?\n"
+msgstr "Hả (%s)?\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:659
+#: builtin/clean.c:664
 #, c-format
 msgid "Input ignore patterns>> "
 msgstr "Mẫu để l�c các tập tin đầu vào cần l� đi>> "
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:696
+#: builtin/clean.c:701
 #, c-format
 msgid "WARNING: Cannot find items matched by: %s"
 msgstr "CẢNH B�O: Không tìm thấy các mục được khớp bởi: %s"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:717
+#: builtin/clean.c:722
 msgid "Select items to delete"
 msgstr "Ch�n mục muốn xóa"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:757
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to keep [y/N] as is
+#: builtin/clean.c:763
 #, c-format
-msgid "remove %s? "
-msgstr "gỡ b� “%s�? "
+msgid "Remove %s [y/N]? "
+msgstr "Xóa b� “%s� [y/N]? "
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:782
-msgid "Bye."
-msgstr "Tạm biệt."
+#: builtin/clean.c:788 git-add--interactive.perl:1717
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bye.\n"
+msgstr "Tạm biệt.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:790
+#: builtin/clean.c:796
 msgid ""
 "clean               - start cleaning\n"
 "filter by pattern   - exclude items from deletion\n"
@@ -3773,61 +7273,63 @@ msgstr ""
 "help                - hiển thị chính trợ giúp này\n"
 "?                   - trợ giúp dành cho ch�n bằng cách nhắc"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:817
+#: builtin/clean.c:823 git-add--interactive.perl:1793
 msgid "*** Commands ***"
 msgstr "*** Lệnh ***"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:818
+#: builtin/clean.c:824 git-add--interactive.perl:1790
 msgid "What now"
 msgstr "Gi� thì sao"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:826
+#: builtin/clean.c:832
 msgid "Would remove the following item:"
 msgid_plural "Would remove the following items:"
 msgstr[0] "Có muốn gỡ b� (các) mục sau đây không:"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:843
+#: builtin/clean.c:848
 msgid "No more files to clean, exiting."
 msgstr "Không còn tập-tin nào để d�n dẹp, đang thoát ra."
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:874
+#: builtin/clean.c:910
 msgid "do not print names of files removed"
 msgstr "không hiển thị tên của các tập tin đã gỡ b�"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:876
+#: builtin/clean.c:912
 msgid "force"
 msgstr "ép buộc"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:877
+#: builtin/clean.c:913
 msgid "interactive cleaning"
 msgstr "d�n bằng kiểu tương tác"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:879
+#: builtin/clean.c:915
 msgid "remove whole directories"
 msgstr "gỡ b� toàn bộ thư mục"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:880 builtin/describe.c:407 builtin/grep.c:714
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:486 builtin/name-rev.c:311 builtin/show-ref.c:185
+#: builtin/clean.c:916 builtin/describe.c:533 builtin/describe.c:535
+#: builtin/grep.c:871 builtin/log.c:157 builtin/log.c:159
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:548 builtin/name-rev.c:397 builtin/name-rev.c:399
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
 msgid "pattern"
 msgstr "mẫu"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:881
+#: builtin/clean.c:917
 msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
 msgstr "thêm <mẫu> vào trong qui tắc b� qua"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:882
+#: builtin/clean.c:918
 msgid "remove ignored files, too"
 msgstr "đồng th�i gỡ b� cả các tập tin bị b� qua"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:884
+#: builtin/clean.c:920
 msgid "remove only ignored files"
 msgstr "chỉ gỡ b� những tập tin bị b� qua"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:902
+#: builtin/clean.c:938
 msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
 msgstr "-x và -X không thể dùng cùng nhau"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:906
+#: builtin/clean.c:942
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce set to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; refusing to "
 "clean"
@@ -3835,7 +7337,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce được đặt thành true và không đưa ra tùy ch�n -i, -n mà "
 "cũng không -f; từ chối lệnh d�n dẹp (clean)"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:909
+#: builtin/clean.c:945
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; "
 "refusing to clean"
@@ -3843,154 +7345,191 @@ msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce mặc định được đặt là true và không đưa ra tùy ch�n -i, -n "
 "mà cũng không -f; từ chối lệnh d�n dẹp (clean)"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:37
-msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
-msgstr "git clone [các-tùy-ch�n] [--] <kho> [<t.mục>]"
+#: builtin/clone.c:42
+msgid "git clone [<options>] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+msgstr "git clone [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [--] <kho> [<t.mục>]"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:66 builtin/fetch.c:112 builtin/merge.c:224
-#: builtin/push.c:514
-msgid "force progress reporting"
-msgstr "ép buộc báo cáo tiến triển công việc"
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:68
+#: builtin/clone.c:87
 msgid "don't create a checkout"
 msgstr "không tạo một checkout"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:69 builtin/clone.c:71 builtin/init-db.c:496
+#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/clone.c:90 builtin/init-db.c:479
 msgid "create a bare repository"
 msgstr "tạo kho thuần"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:73
+#: builtin/clone.c:92
 msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
 msgstr "tạo kho bản sao (ý là kho thuần)"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:75
+#: builtin/clone.c:94
 msgid "to clone from a local repository"
 msgstr "để nhân bản từ kho nội bộ"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:77
+#: builtin/clone.c:96
 msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
 msgstr "không sử dụng liên kết cứng nội bộ, luôn sao chép"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:79
+#: builtin/clone.c:98
 msgid "setup as shared repository"
 msgstr "cài đặt đây là kho chia sẻ"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:81 builtin/clone.c:83
+#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/clone.c:104
+msgid "pathspec"
+msgstr "đặc-tả-đư�ng-dẫn"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/clone.c:104
 msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
 msgstr "khởi tạo mô-đun-con trong bản sao"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:493
+#: builtin/clone.c:107
+msgid "number of submodules cloned in parallel"
+msgstr "số lượng mô-đun-con được nhân bản đồng th�i"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:108 builtin/init-db.c:476
 msgid "template-directory"
 msgstr "thư-mục-mẫu"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/init-db.c:494
+#: builtin/clone.c:109 builtin/init-db.c:477
 msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
 msgstr "thư mục mà tại đó các mẫu sẽ được dùng"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:87
+#: builtin/clone.c:111 builtin/clone.c:113 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1223
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1594
 msgid "reference repository"
 msgstr "kho tham chiếu"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/clone.c:115 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1225
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1596
+msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
+msgstr "chỉ dùng --reference khi nhân bản"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:116 builtin/column.c:27 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3166 builtin/repack.c:213
 msgid "name"
 msgstr "tên"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:89
+#: builtin/clone.c:117
 msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
 msgstr "dùng <tên> thay cho “origin� để theo dõi thượng nguồn"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:91
+#: builtin/clone.c:119
 msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
 msgstr "lấy ra <nhánh> thay cho HEAD của máy chủ"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:93
+#: builtin/clone.c:121
 msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn đến git-upload-pack trên máy chủ"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:94 builtin/fetch.c:113 builtin/grep.c:659
+#: builtin/clone.c:122 builtin/fetch.c:150 builtin/grep.c:813
+#: builtin/pull.c:216
 msgid "depth"
 msgstr "độ-sâu"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:95
+#: builtin/clone.c:123
 msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
 msgstr "tạo bản sao không đầy đủ cho mức sâu đã cho"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:97
+#: builtin/clone.c:124 builtin/fetch.c:152 builtin/pack-objects.c:3157
+#: parse-options.h:154
+msgid "time"
+msgstr "th�i-gian"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:125
+msgid "create a shallow clone since a specific time"
+msgstr "tạo bản sao không đầy đủ từ th�i điểm đã cho"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:126 builtin/fetch.c:154
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "điểm xét duyệt"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:127 builtin/fetch.c:155
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone, excluding rev"
+msgstr "làm sâu hơn lịch sử của bản sao shallow, bằng điểm xét duyệt loại trừ"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:129
 msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
 msgstr "chỉ nhân bản một nhánh, HEAD hoặc --branch"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:99
-msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
-msgstr "chỉ dùng --reference khi nhân bản"
+#: builtin/clone.c:131
+msgid "don't clone any tags, and make later fetches not to follow them"
+msgstr ""
+"đứng có nhân bản bất kỳ nhánh nào, và làm cho những lần lấy v� sau không "
+"theo chúng nữa"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:133
+msgid "any cloned submodules will be shallow"
+msgstr "m�i mô-đun-con nhân bản sẽ là shallow (nông)"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/init-db.c:502
+#: builtin/clone.c:134 builtin/init-db.c:485
 msgid "gitdir"
 msgstr "gitdir"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:101 builtin/init-db.c:503
+#: builtin/clone.c:135 builtin/init-db.c:486
 msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
 msgstr "không dùng chung thư mục dành riêng cho git và thư mục làm việc"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:102
+#: builtin/clone.c:136
 msgid "key=value"
 msgstr "khóa=giá_trị"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:103
+#: builtin/clone.c:137
 msgid "set config inside the new repository"
 msgstr "đặt cấu hình bên trong một kho chứa mới"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:256
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
-msgstr "kho tham chiếu “%s� không phải là một kho nội bộ."
+#: builtin/clone.c:138 builtin/fetch.c:173 builtin/pull.c:229
+#: builtin/push.c:583
+msgid "use IPv4 addresses only"
+msgstr "chỉ dùng địa chỉ IPv4"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:260
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
-msgstr "kho tham chiếu “%s� là nông"
+#: builtin/clone.c:140 builtin/fetch.c:175 builtin/pull.c:232
+#: builtin/push.c:585
+msgid "use IPv6 addresses only"
+msgstr "chỉ dùng địa chỉ IPv6"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:263
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
-msgstr "kho tham chiếu “%s� bị cấy ghép"
+#: builtin/clone.c:278
+msgid ""
+"No directory name could be guessed.\n"
+"Please specify a directory on the command line"
+msgstr ""
+"Không đoán được thư mục tên là gì.\n"
+"Vui lòng chỉ định tên một thư mục trên dòng lệnh"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:325
+#: builtin/clone.c:331
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
-msgstr "tạo thư mục \"%s\" gặp lỗi"
+msgid "info: Could not add alternate for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "thông tin: không thể thêm thay thế cho “%s�: %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:327 builtin/diff.c:84
+#: builtin/clone.c:403
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
-msgstr "gặp lỗi khi lấy thống kê v� “%s�"
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi mở “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:329
+#: builtin/clone.c:411
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
 msgstr "%s có tồn tại nhưng lại không phải là một thư mục"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:343
+#: builtin/clone.c:425
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi lấy thông tin thống kê v� %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:365
+#: builtin/clone.c:447
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi tạo được liên kết m�m %s"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:369
+#: builtin/clone.c:451
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi sao chép tập tin và “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:392 builtin/clone.c:566
+#: builtin/clone.c:477
 #, c-format
 msgid "done.\n"
 msgstr "hoàn tất.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:404
+#: builtin/clone.c:491
 msgid ""
 "Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
 "You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
@@ -4000,148 +7539,169 @@ msgstr ""
 "Bạn kiểm tra kỹ xem cái gì được lấy ra bằng lệnh “git status�\n"
 "và thử lấy ra với lệnh “git checkout -f HEAD�\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:481
+#: builtin/clone.c:568
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
 msgstr "Không tìm thấy nhánh máy chủ %s để nhân bản (clone)."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:561
-#, c-format
-msgid "Checking connectivity... "
-msgstr "�ang kiểm tra kết nối… "
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:564
+#: builtin/clone.c:663
 msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
 msgstr "máy chủ đã không gửi tất cả các đối tượng cần thiết"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:628
+#: builtin/clone.c:679
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to update %s"
+msgstr "không thể cập nhật %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:728
 msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
 msgstr "refers HEAD máy chủ  chỉ đến ref không tồn tại, không thể lấy ra.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:659
+#: builtin/clone.c:758
 msgid "unable to checkout working tree"
 msgstr "không thể lấy ra (checkout) cây làm việc"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:746
+#: builtin/clone.c:803
+msgid "unable to write parameters to config file"
+msgstr "không thể ghi các tham số vào tập tin cấu hình"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:866
 msgid "cannot repack to clean up"
 msgstr "không thể đóng gói để d�n dẹp"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:748
+#: builtin/clone.c:868
 msgid "cannot unlink temporary alternates file"
 msgstr "không thể b� liên kết tập tin thay thế tạm th�i"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:778
+#: builtin/clone.c:907 builtin/receive-pack.c:1947
 msgid "Too many arguments."
 msgstr "Có quá nhi�u đối số."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:782
+#: builtin/clone.c:911
 msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
 msgstr "Bạn phải chỉ định một kho để mà nhân bản (clone)."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:793
+#: builtin/clone.c:924
 #, c-format
 msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
 msgstr "tùy ch�n --bare và --origin %s xung khắc nhau."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:796
+#: builtin/clone.c:927
 msgid "--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."
 msgstr "tùy ch�n --bare và --separate-git-dir xung khắc nhau."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:809
+#: builtin/clone.c:940
 #, c-format
 msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "kho chứa “%s� chưa tồn tại"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:815 builtin/fetch.c:1155
+#: builtin/clone.c:946 builtin/fetch.c:1460
 #, c-format
 msgid "depth %s is not a positive number"
 msgstr "độ sâu %s không phải là một số nguyên dương"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:825
+#: builtin/clone.c:956
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn đích “%s� đã có từ trước và không phải là một thư mục rỗng."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:835
+#: builtin/clone.c:966
 #, c-format
 msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "cây làm việc “%s� đã sẵn tồn tại rồi."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:848 builtin/clone.c:860
+#: builtin/clone.c:981 builtin/clone.c:1002 builtin/difftool.c:270
+#: builtin/worktree.c:246 builtin/worktree.c:276
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể tạo các thư mục dẫn đầu của “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:851
+#: builtin/clone.c:986
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
-msgstr "không thể tạo cây thư mục làm việc dir “%s�."
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể tạo cây thư mục làm việc dir “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:870
+#: builtin/clone.c:1006
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
 msgstr "�ang nhân bản thành kho chứa bare “%s�…\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:872
+#: builtin/clone.c:1008
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
 msgstr "�ang nhân bản thành “%s�…\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:897
-msgid "--dissociate given, but there is no --reference"
-msgstr "đã đưa ra --dissociate, nhưng ở đây lại không có --reference"
+#: builtin/clone.c:1032
+msgid ""
+"clone --recursive is not compatible with both --reference and --reference-if-"
+"able"
+msgstr ""
+"nhân bản --recursive không tương thích với cả hai --reference và --reference-"
+"if-able"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:912
+#: builtin/clone.c:1093
 msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
 msgstr "--depth bị l� đi khi nhân bản nội bộ; hãy sử dụng file:// để thay thế."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:915
+#: builtin/clone.c:1095
+msgid "--shallow-since is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--shallow-since bị l� đi khi nhân bản nội bộ; hãy sử dụng file:// để thay "
+"thế."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1097
+msgid "--shallow-exclude is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--shallow-exclude bị l� đi khi nhân bản nội bộ; hãy sử dụng file:// để thay "
+"thế."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1099
+msgid "--filter is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--filter bị l� đi khi nhân bản nội bộ; hãy sử dụng file:// để thay thế."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1102
 msgid "source repository is shallow, ignoring --local"
 msgstr "kho nguồn là nông, nên b� qua --local"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:920
+#: builtin/clone.c:1107
 msgid "--local is ignored"
 msgstr "--local bị l� đi"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:924
-#, c-format
-msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
-msgstr "Không biết làm cách nào để nhân bản (clone) %s"
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:975 builtin/clone.c:983
+#: builtin/clone.c:1169 builtin/clone.c:1177
 #, c-format
 msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
 msgstr "Nhánh máy chủ %s không tìm thấy trong thượng nguồn %s"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:986
+#: builtin/clone.c:1180
 msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
 msgstr "Bạn hình như là đã nhân bản một kho trống rỗng."
 
-#: builtin/column.c:9
-msgid "git column [options]"
-msgstr "git column [các-tùy-ch�n]"
+#: builtin/column.c:10
+msgid "git column [<options>]"
+msgstr "git column [<các-tùy-ch�n>]"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:26
+#: builtin/column.c:27
 msgid "lookup config vars"
 msgstr "tìm kiếm biến cấu hình"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:27 builtin/column.c:28
+#: builtin/column.c:28 builtin/column.c:29
 msgid "layout to use"
 msgstr "bố cục để dùng"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:29
+#: builtin/column.c:30
 msgid "Maximum width"
 msgstr "�ộ rộng tối đa"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:30
+#: builtin/column.c:31
 msgid "Padding space on left border"
 msgstr "Chèn thêm khoảng trống vào bên trái"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/column.c:32
 msgid "Padding space on right border"
 msgstr "Chèn thêm khoảng trắng vào bên phải"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:32
+#: builtin/column.c:33
 msgid "Padding space between columns"
 msgstr "Chèn thêm khoảng trắng giữa các cột"
 
@@ -4150,74 +7710,15 @@ msgid "--command must be the first argument"
 msgstr "--command phải là đối số đầu tiên"
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:37
-msgid "git commit [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git commit [các-tùy-ch�n] [--] <pathspec>…"
+msgid "git commit [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git commit [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [--] <pathspec>…"
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:42
-msgid "git status [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git status [các-tùy-ch�n] [--] <pathspec>…"
+msgid "git status [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git status [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [--] <pathspec>…"
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:47
 msgid ""
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
-"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
-"your configuration file:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global --edit\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Tên và địa chỉ thư điện tử của bạn được cấu hình một cách tự động trên cơ "
-"sở\n"
-"tài khoản và địa chỉ máy chủ của bạn. Xin hãy kiểm tra xem chúng có chính "
-"xác không.\n"
-"Bạn có thể chặn những thông báo kiểu này bằng cách cài đặt các thông tin "
-"trên\n"
-"một cách rõ ràng. Chạy lệnh sau đây là theo các hướng dẫn trong bộ soạn "
-"thảo\n"
-"để chỉnh sửa tập tin cấu hình của mình:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global --edit\n"
-"\n"
-"Sau khi thực hiện xong, bạn có thể sửa chữa định danh được sử dụng cho\n"
-"lần chuyển giao này với lệnh:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:60
-msgid ""
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Tên và địa chỉ thư điện tử của bạn được cấu hình một cách tự động trên cơ "
-"sở\n"
-"tài khoản và địa chỉ máy chủ của bạn. Xin hãy kiểm tra xem chúng có chính "
-"xác không.\n"
-"Bạn có thể chặn những thông báo kiểu này bằng cách cài đặt các thông tin "
-"trên một cách rõ ràng:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"Tên của bạn\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
-"\n"
-"Sau khi thực hiện xong, bạn có thể sửa chữa định danh được sử dụng cho lần "
-"chuyển giao này với lệnh:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:72
-msgid ""
 "You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
 "it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
 "remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
@@ -4229,7 +7730,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "hoặc là bạn gỡ b� các lần chuyển giao một cách hoàn toàn bằng lệnh:\n"
 "\"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:77
+#: builtin/commit.c:52
 msgid ""
 "The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
 "If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
@@ -4244,11 +7745,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "    git commit --allow-empty\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:84
+#: builtin/commit.c:59
 msgid "Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
 msgstr "Nếu không được thì dùng lệnh \"git reset\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:87
+#: builtin/commit.c:62
 msgid ""
 "If you wish to skip this commit, use:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -4264,72 +7765,63 @@ msgstr ""
 "Thế thì \"git cherry-pick --continue\" sẽ phục hồi lại việc cherry-pick\n"
 "những lần chuyển giao còn lại.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:302
+#: builtin/commit.c:293
 msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi tháo dỡ HEAD đối tượng cây"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:342
+#: builtin/commit.c:334
 msgid "unable to create temporary index"
 msgstr "không thể tạo bảng mục lục tạm th�i"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:348
+#: builtin/commit.c:340
 msgid "interactive add failed"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi thêm bằng cách tương"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:359
-msgid "unable to write index file"
-msgstr "không thể ghi tập tin lưu mục lục"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:361
+#: builtin/commit.c:353
 msgid "unable to update temporary index"
 msgstr "không thể cập nhật bảng mục lục tạm th�i"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:363
+#: builtin/commit.c:355
 msgid "Failed to update main cache tree"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi cập nhật cây bộ nhớ đệm"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:387 builtin/commit.c:412 builtin/commit.c:461
+#: builtin/commit.c:380 builtin/commit.c:403 builtin/commit.c:449
 msgid "unable to write new_index file"
 msgstr "không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới (new_index)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:443
+#: builtin/commit.c:432
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
 msgstr ""
 "không thể thực hiện việc chuyển giao cục bộ trong khi đang được hòa trộn."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:445
+#: builtin/commit.c:434
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
 msgstr ""
 "không thể thực hiện việc chuyển giao bộ phận trong khi đang cherry-pick."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:454
+#: builtin/commit.c:442
 msgid "cannot read the index"
 msgstr "không đ�c được bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:473
+#: builtin/commit.c:461
 msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
 msgstr "không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục tạm th�i"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:584
+#: builtin/commit.c:558
 #, c-format
 msgid "commit '%s' lacks author header"
 msgstr "lần chuyển giao “%s� thiếu phần tác giả ở đầu"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:586
+#: builtin/commit.c:560
 #, c-format
 msgid "commit '%s' has malformed author line"
 msgstr "lần chuyển giao “%s� có phần tác giả ở đầu dị dạng"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:605
+#: builtin/commit.c:579
 msgid "malformed --author parameter"
 msgstr "đối số cho --author bị dị hình"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:613
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid date format: %s"
-msgstr "ngày tháng không hợp lệ: %s"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:657
+#: builtin/commit.c:631
 msgid ""
 "unable to select a comment character that is not used\n"
 "in the current commit message"
@@ -4337,43 +7829,38 @@ msgstr ""
 "không thể ch�n một ký tự ghi chú cái mà không được dùng\n"
 "trong phần ghi chú hiện tại"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:694 builtin/commit.c:727 builtin/commit.c:1084
+#: builtin/commit.c:668 builtin/commit.c:701 builtin/commit.c:1029
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
 msgstr "không thể tìm kiếm commit (lần chuyển giao) %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:706 builtin/shortlog.c:273
+#: builtin/commit.c:680 builtin/shortlog.c:316
 #, c-format
 msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
 msgstr "(đang đ�c thông điệp nhật ký từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn)\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:708
+#: builtin/commit.c:682
 msgid "could not read log from standard input"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c nhật ký từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:712
+#: builtin/commit.c:686
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
 msgstr "không đ�c được tệp nhật ký “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:734
-msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
-msgstr "không thể đ�c MERGE_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:738
+#: builtin/commit.c:715 builtin/commit.c:723
 msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c SQUASH_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:742
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not read '%s'"
-msgstr "Không thể đ�c “%s�."
+#: builtin/commit.c:720
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c MERGE_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:789
+#: builtin/commit.c:774
 msgid "could not write commit template"
 msgstr "không thể ghi mẫu chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:807
+#: builtin/commit.c:792
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -4388,7 +7875,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "và thử lại.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:812
+#: builtin/commit.c:797
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -4403,7 +7890,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "và thử lại.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:825
+#: builtin/commit.c:810
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
@@ -4414,7 +7901,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "bắt đầu bằng “%c� sẽ được b� qua, nếu phần chú thích rỗng sẽ hủy b� lần "
 "chuyển giao.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:832
+#: builtin/commit.c:818
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
@@ -4426,154 +7913,168 @@ msgstr ""
 "bắt đầu bằng “%c� sẽ được b� qua; bạn có thể xóa chúng đi nếu muốn thế.\n"
 "Phần chú thích này nếu trống rỗng sẽ hủy b� lần chuyển giao.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:852
+#: builtin/commit.c:835
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sAuthor:    %.*s <%.*s>"
 msgstr "%sTác giả:           %.*s <%.*s>"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:860
+#: builtin/commit.c:843
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sDate:      %s"
 msgstr "%sNgày tháng:        %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:867
+#: builtin/commit.c:850
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sCommitter: %.*s <%.*s>"
 msgstr "%sNgư�i chuyển giao: %.*s <%.*s>"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:885
+#: builtin/commit.c:867
 msgid "Cannot read index"
 msgstr "Không đ�c được bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:942
+#: builtin/commit.c:933
 msgid "Error building trees"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi xây dựng cây"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:957 builtin/tag.c:495
+#: builtin/commit.c:947 builtin/tag.c:257
 #, c-format
 msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
 msgstr "Xin hãy cung cấp l�i chú giải hoặc là dùng tùy ch�n -m hoặc là -F.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1059
+#: builtin/commit.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "--author '%s' is not 'Name <email>' and matches no existing author"
+msgstr ""
+"--author “%s� không phải là “H� và tên <thư điện tửl>� và không khớp bất kỳ "
+"tác giả nào sẵn có"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1005
 #, c-format
-msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
-msgstr "Không tìm thấy tác giả có sẵn với “%s�"
+msgid "Invalid ignored mode '%s'"
+msgstr "Chế độ b� qua không hợp lệ “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1074 builtin/commit.c:1314
+#: builtin/commit.c:1019 builtin/commit.c:1269
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
 msgstr "Chế độ cho các tập tin chưa được theo dõi không hợp lệ “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1111
+#: builtin/commit.c:1057
 msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
 msgstr "hai tùy ch�n -long và -z không tương thích với nhau"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1141
+#: builtin/commit.c:1090
 msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
 msgstr "Sử dụng cả hai tùy ch�n --reset-author và --author không hợp lý"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1150
+#: builtin/commit.c:1099
 msgid "You have nothing to amend."
 msgstr "Không có gì để mà “tu bổ� cả."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1153
+#: builtin/commit.c:1102
 msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
 msgstr ""
 "Bạn đang ở giữa của quá trình hòa trộn -- không thể thực hiện việc “tu bổ�."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1155
+#: builtin/commit.c:1104
 msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
 msgstr ""
 "Bạn đang ở giữa của quá trình cherry-pick -- không thể thực hiện việc “tu "
 "bổ�."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1158
+#: builtin/commit.c:1107
 msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
 msgstr "Các tùy ch�n --squash và --fixup không thể sử dụng cùng với nhau"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1168
+#: builtin/commit.c:1117
 msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
 msgstr ""
 "Chỉ được dùng một trong số tùy ch�n trong số các tùy ch�n -c/-C/-F/--fixup"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1170
-msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
-msgstr "Tùy ch�n -m không thể được tổ hợp cùng với -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+#: builtin/commit.c:1119
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F."
+msgstr "Tùy ch�n -m không thể được tổ hợp cùng với -c/-C/-F."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1178
+#: builtin/commit.c:1127
 msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
 msgstr ""
 "--reset-author chỉ có thể được sử dụng với tùy ch�n -C, -c hay --amend."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1195
+#: builtin/commit.c:1144
 msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
 msgstr ""
 "Chỉ một trong các tùy ch�n --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch được "
 "sử dụng."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1197
+#: builtin/commit.c:1146
 msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
 msgstr "Không đư�ng dẫn với các tùy ch�n --include/--only không hợp lý."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1199
-msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
-msgstr "Gi�i…  “tu bổ� cái cuối với bảng mục lục bẩn."
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1201
-msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i or -o; assuming --only paths..."
-msgstr ""
-"Những đư�ng dẫn rõ ràng được chỉ ra không có tùy ch�n -i cũng không -o; coi "
-"là --only những đư�ng dẫn"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1213 builtin/tag.c:728
+#: builtin/commit.c:1160 builtin/tag.c:543
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
 msgstr "Chế độ d�n dẹp không hợp lệ %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1218
+#: builtin/commit.c:1165
 msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
 msgstr "Các đư�ng dẫn với tùy ch�n -a không hợp lý."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1328 builtin/commit.c:1608
+#: builtin/commit.c:1303 builtin/commit.c:1480
 msgid "show status concisely"
 msgstr "hiển thị trạng thái ở dạng súc tích"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1330 builtin/commit.c:1610
+#: builtin/commit.c:1305 builtin/commit.c:1482
 msgid "show branch information"
 msgstr "hiển thị thông tin nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1332 builtin/commit.c:1612 builtin/push.c:500
+#: builtin/commit.c:1307
+msgid "show stash information"
+msgstr "hiển thị thông tin v� tạm cất"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1309 builtin/commit.c:1484
+msgid "compute full ahead/behind values"
+msgstr "tính đầy đủ giá trị trước/sau"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1311
+msgid "version"
+msgstr "phiên bản"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1311 builtin/commit.c:1486 builtin/push.c:558
+#: builtin/worktree.c:581
 msgid "machine-readable output"
 msgstr "kết xuất dạng máy-có-thể-đ�c"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1335 builtin/commit.c:1614
+#: builtin/commit.c:1314 builtin/commit.c:1488
 msgid "show status in long format (default)"
 msgstr "hiển thị trạng thái ở định dạng dài (mặc định)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1338 builtin/commit.c:1617
+#: builtin/commit.c:1317 builtin/commit.c:1491
 msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
 msgstr "chấm dứt các mục bằng NUL"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1340 builtin/commit.c:1620 builtin/fast-export.c:980
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:983 builtin/tag.c:603
+#: builtin/commit.c:1319 builtin/commit.c:1323 builtin/commit.c:1494
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1001 builtin/fast-export.c:1004 builtin/tag.c:397
 msgid "mode"
 msgstr "chế độ"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1341 builtin/commit.c:1620
+#: builtin/commit.c:1320 builtin/commit.c:1494
 msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
 msgstr ""
 "hiển thị các tập tin chưa được theo dõi  dấu vết, các chế độ tùy ch�n:  all, "
 "normal, no. (Mặc định: all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1344
-msgid "show ignored files"
-msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin ẩn"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1324
+msgid ""
+"show ignored files, optional modes: traditional, matching, no. (Default: "
+"traditional)"
+msgstr ""
+"hiển thị các tập tin bị b� qua, các chế độ tùy ch�n: traditional, matching, "
+"no. (Mặc định: traditional)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1345 parse-options.h:153
+#: builtin/commit.c:1326 parse-options.h:167
 msgid "when"
 msgstr "khi"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1346
+#: builtin/commit.c:1327
 msgid ""
 "ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Default: all)"
@@ -4581,213 +8082,198 @@ msgstr ""
 "b� qua các thay đổi trong mô-đun-con, tùy ch�n khi: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Mặc định: all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1348
+#: builtin/commit.c:1329
 msgid "list untracked files in columns"
 msgstr "hiển thị danh sách các tập-tin chưa được theo dõi trong các cột"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1435
-msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
-msgstr "không thể tìm thấy lần chuyển giao mới hơn đã được tạo"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1330
+msgid "do not detect renames"
+msgstr "không dò tìm các tên thay đổi"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1437
-msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
-msgstr ""
-"không thể phân tích cú pháp của đối tượng chuyển giao mới hơn đã được tạo"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1332
+msgid "detect renames, optionally set similarity index"
+msgstr "dò các tên thay đổi, tùy ý đặt mục lục tương tự"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1482
-msgid "detached HEAD"
-msgstr "đã r�i kh�i HEAD"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1485
-msgid " (root-commit)"
-msgstr " (root-commit)"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1352
+msgid "Unsupported combination of ignored and untracked-files arguments"
+msgstr ""
+"Không hỗ trỡ tổ hợp các tham số các tập tin bị b� qua và không được theo dõi"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1578
+#: builtin/commit.c:1450
 msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
 msgstr "không hiển thị tổng kết sau khi chuyển giao thành công"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1579
+#: builtin/commit.c:1451
 msgid "show diff in commit message template"
 msgstr "hiển thị sự khác biệt trong mẫu tin nhắn chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1581
+#: builtin/commit.c:1453
 msgid "Commit message options"
 msgstr "Các tùy ch�n ghi chú commit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1582 builtin/tag.c:601
+#: builtin/commit.c:1454 builtin/tag.c:394
 msgid "read message from file"
 msgstr "đ�c chú thích từ tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1583
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
 msgid "author"
 msgstr "tác giả"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1583
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
 msgid "override author for commit"
 msgstr "ghi đè tác giả cho commit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1584 builtin/gc.c:275
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456 builtin/gc.c:501
 msgid "date"
 msgstr "ngày tháng"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1584
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456
 msgid "override date for commit"
 msgstr "ghi đè ngày tháng cho lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1585 builtin/merge.c:218 builtin/notes.c:391
-#: builtin/notes.c:554 builtin/tag.c:599
+#: builtin/commit.c:1457 builtin/merge.c:228 builtin/notes.c:402
+#: builtin/notes.c:565 builtin/tag.c:392
 msgid "message"
 msgstr "chú thích"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1585
+#: builtin/commit.c:1457
 msgid "commit message"
 msgstr "chú thích của lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1586
+#: builtin/commit.c:1458 builtin/commit.c:1459 builtin/commit.c:1460
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461 parse-options.h:270 ref-filter.h:92
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "lần_chuyển_giao"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1458
 msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
 msgstr "dùng lại các ghi chú từ lần chuyển giao đã cho nhưng có cho sửa chữa"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1587
+#: builtin/commit.c:1459
 msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
 msgstr "dùng lại các ghi chú từ lần chuyển giao đã cho"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1588
+#: builtin/commit.c:1460
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 "dùng ghi chú có định dạng autosquash để sửa chữa lần chuyển giao đã chỉ ra"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1589
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 "dùng l�i nhắn có định dạng tự động nén để nén lại các lần chuyển giao đã chỉ "
 "ra"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+#: builtin/commit.c:1462
 msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
 msgstr ""
 "lần chuyển giao nhận tôi là tác giả (được dùng với tùy ch�n -C/-c/--amend)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1591 builtin/log.c:1191 builtin/revert.c:86
+#: builtin/commit.c:1463 builtin/log.c:1446 builtin/merge.c:242
+#: builtin/pull.c:154 builtin/revert.c:105
 msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
 msgstr "(nên dùng) thêm dòng Signed-off-by:"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1592
+#: builtin/commit.c:1464
 msgid "use specified template file"
 msgstr "sử dụng tập tin mẫu đã cho"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1593
+#: builtin/commit.c:1465
 msgid "force edit of commit"
 msgstr "ép buộc sửa lần commit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1594
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466
 msgid "default"
 msgstr "mặc định"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1594 builtin/tag.c:604
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466 builtin/tag.c:398
 msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
 msgstr "làm thế nào để cắt b� khoảng trắng và #ghichú từ mẩu tin nhắn"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1595
+#: builtin/commit.c:1467
 msgid "include status in commit message template"
 msgstr "bao gồm các trạng thái trong mẫu ghi chú chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1596 builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/revert.c:92
-#: builtin/tag.c:605
-msgid "key-id"
-msgstr "mã-số-khóa"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1597 builtin/merge.c:226 builtin/revert.c:93
+#: builtin/commit.c:1469 builtin/merge.c:240 builtin/pull.c:184
+#: builtin/revert.c:113
 msgid "GPG sign commit"
 msgstr "ký lần chuyển giao dùng GPG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1600
+#: builtin/commit.c:1472
 msgid "Commit contents options"
 msgstr "Các tùy nội dung ghi chú commit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1601
+#: builtin/commit.c:1473
 msgid "commit all changed files"
 msgstr "chuyển giao tất cả các tập tin có thay đổi"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1602
+#: builtin/commit.c:1474
 msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
 msgstr "thêm các tập tin đã chỉ ra vào bảng mục lục để chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1603
+#: builtin/commit.c:1475
 msgid "interactively add files"
 msgstr "thêm các tập-tin bằng tương tác"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1604
+#: builtin/commit.c:1476
 msgid "interactively add changes"
 msgstr "thêm các thay đổi bằng tương tác"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1605
+#: builtin/commit.c:1477
 msgid "commit only specified files"
 msgstr "chỉ chuyển giao các tập tin đã chỉ ra"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1606
-msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
-msgstr "vòng qua móc (hook) pre-commit"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1478
+msgid "bypass pre-commit and commit-msg hooks"
+msgstr "vòng qua móc (hook) pre-commit và commit-msg"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1607
+#: builtin/commit.c:1479
 msgid "show what would be committed"
 msgstr "hiển thị xem cái gì có thể được chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1618
+#: builtin/commit.c:1492
 msgid "amend previous commit"
 msgstr "“tu bổ� (amend) lần commit trước"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1619
+#: builtin/commit.c:1493
 msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
 msgstr "vòng qua móc (hook) post-rewrite"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1624
+#: builtin/commit.c:1498
 msgid "ok to record an empty change"
 msgstr "ok để ghi lại một thay đổi trống rỗng"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1626
+#: builtin/commit.c:1500
 msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
 msgstr "ok để ghi các thay đổi với l�i nhắn trống rỗng"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1655
-msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
-msgstr "không thể phân tích commit (lần chuyển giao) HEAD"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1694 builtin/merge.c:519
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
-msgstr "không thể mở “%s� để đ�c"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1701
+#: builtin/commit.c:1573
 #, c-format
 msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
 msgstr "Tập tin MERGE_HEAD sai h�ng (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1708
+#: builtin/commit.c:1580
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c MERGE_MODE"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1727
+#: builtin/commit.c:1599
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
-msgstr "không thể đ�c phần chú thích (message) của llần chuyển giao: %s"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c phần chú thích (message) của lần chuyển giao: %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1610
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
+msgstr "Bãi b� việc chuyển giao bởi vì phần chú thích của nó trống rỗng.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1738
+#: builtin/commit.c:1615
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "�ang b� qua việc chuyển giao; bạn đã không biên soạn phần chú thích "
 "(message).\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1743
-#, c-format
-msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
-msgstr "Bãi b� việc chuyển giao bởi vì phần chú thích của nó trống rỗng.\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1758 builtin/merge.c:851 builtin/merge.c:876
-msgid "failed to write commit object"
-msgstr "gặp lỗi khi ghi đối tượng chuyển giao"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1791
+#: builtin/commit.c:1650
 msgid ""
 "Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
 "new_index file. Check that disk is not full and quota is\n"
@@ -4798,211 +8284,312 @@ msgstr ""
 "có bị đầy quá hay quota (hạn nghạch đĩa cứng) bị vượt quá,\n"
 "và sau đó \"git reset HEAD\" để khắc phục."
 
-#: builtin/config.c:8
-msgid "git config [options]"
-msgstr "git config [các-tùy-ch�n]"
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:9
+msgid "git commit-graph [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+msgstr "git commit-graph [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:10 builtin/commit-graph.c:16
+msgid "git commit-graph read [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+msgstr "git commit-graph read [--object-dir <objdir>]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:53
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:11 builtin/commit-graph.c:21
+msgid ""
+"git commit-graph write [--object-dir <objdir>] [--append] [--stdin-packs|--"
+"stdin-commits]"
+msgstr ""
+"git commit-graph write [--object-dir <objdir>] [--append] [--stdin-packs|--"
+"stdin-commits]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:39 builtin/commit-graph.c:92
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:147 builtin/fetch.c:161 builtin/log.c:1466
+msgid "dir"
+msgstr "tmục"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:40 builtin/commit-graph.c:93
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:148
+msgid "The object directory to store the graph"
+msgstr "Thư mục đối tượng để lưu đồ thị"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:95
+msgid "scan pack-indexes listed by stdin for commits"
+msgstr ""
+"quét dó các mục lục gói được liệt kê bởi đầu vào tiêu chuẩn cho các lần "
+"chuyển giao"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:97
+msgid "start walk at commits listed by stdin"
+msgstr ""
+"bắt đầu di chuyển tại các lần chuyển giao được liệt kê bởi đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:99
+msgid "include all commits already in the commit-graph file"
+msgstr ""
+"bao gồm m�i lần chuyển giao đã sẵn có trongư�i tập tin đồ thị lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:108
+msgid "cannot use both --stdin-commits and --stdin-packs"
+msgstr "không thể sử dụng cả hai --stdin-commits và --stdin-packs"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:10
+msgid "git config [<options>]"
+msgstr "git config [<các-tùy-ch�n>]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:101
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized --type argument, %s"
+msgstr "đối số không được thừa nhận --type, %s"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:123
 msgid "Config file location"
 msgstr "Vị trí tập tin cấu hình"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:54
+#: builtin/config.c:124
 msgid "use global config file"
 msgstr "dùng tập tin cấu hình toàn cục"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:55
+#: builtin/config.c:125
 msgid "use system config file"
 msgstr "sử dụng tập tin cấu hình hệ thống"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:56
+#: builtin/config.c:126
 msgid "use repository config file"
 msgstr "dùng tập tin cấu hình của kho"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:57
+#: builtin/config.c:127
 msgid "use given config file"
 msgstr "sử dụng tập tin cấu hình đã cho"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:58
+#: builtin/config.c:128
 msgid "blob-id"
 msgstr "blob-id"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:58
+#: builtin/config.c:128
 msgid "read config from given blob object"
 msgstr "đ�c cấu hình từ đối tượng blob đã cho"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:59
+#: builtin/config.c:129
 msgid "Action"
 msgstr "Hành động"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:60
+#: builtin/config.c:130
 msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "lấy giá-trị: tên [value-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:61
+#: builtin/config.c:131
 msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
 msgstr "lấy tất cả giá-trị: khóa [value-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:62
+#: builtin/config.c:132
 msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
 msgstr "lấy giá trị cho regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:63
+#: builtin/config.c:133
 msgid "get value specific for the URL: section[.var] URL"
 msgstr "lấy đặc tả giá trị cho URL: phần[.biến] URL"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:64
+#: builtin/config.c:134
 msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
 msgstr "thay thế tất cả các biến khớp mẫu: tên giá-trị [value_regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:65
+#: builtin/config.c:135
 msgid "add a new variable: name value"
 msgstr "thêm biến mới: tên giá-trị"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:66
+#: builtin/config.c:136
 msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "gỡ b� biến: tên [value-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:67
+#: builtin/config.c:137
 msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "gỡ b� m�i cái khớp: tên [value-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:68
+#: builtin/config.c:138
 msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
 msgstr "đổi tên phần: tên-cũ tên-mới"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:69
+#: builtin/config.c:139
 msgid "remove a section: name"
 msgstr "gỡ b� phần: tên"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:70
+#: builtin/config.c:140
 msgid "list all"
 msgstr "liệt kê tất"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:71
+#: builtin/config.c:141
 msgid "open an editor"
 msgstr "mở một trình biên soạn"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:72
+#: builtin/config.c:142
 msgid "find the color configured: slot [default]"
 msgstr "tìm cấu hình màu sắc: slot [mặc định]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:73
+#: builtin/config.c:143
 msgid "find the color setting: slot [stdout-is-tty]"
 msgstr "tìm các cài đặt v� màu sắc: slot [stdout-là-tty]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:74
+#: builtin/config.c:144
 msgid "Type"
 msgstr "Kiểu"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:75
+#: builtin/config.c:145
+msgid "value is given this type"
+msgstr "giá trị được đưa kiểu này"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:146
 msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
 msgstr "giá trị là \"true\" hoặc \"false\""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:76
+#: builtin/config.c:147
 msgid "value is decimal number"
 msgstr "giá trị ở dạng số thập phân"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:77
+#: builtin/config.c:148
 msgid "value is --bool or --int"
 msgstr "giá trị là --bool hoặc --int"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:78
+#: builtin/config.c:149
 msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
 msgstr "giá trị là đư�ng dẫn (tên tập tin hay thư mục)"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:79
+#: builtin/config.c:150
+msgid "value is an expiry date"
+msgstr "giá trị là một ngày hết hạn"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:151
 msgid "Other"
 msgstr "Khác"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:80
+#: builtin/config.c:152
 msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
 msgstr "chấm dứt giá trị với byte NUL"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:81
+#: builtin/config.c:153
+msgid "show variable names only"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị các tên biến"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:154
 msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
 msgstr "tôn tr�ng kể cà các hướng trong tìm kiếm"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:316
+#: builtin/config.c:155
+msgid "show origin of config (file, standard input, blob, command line)"
+msgstr ""
+"hiển thị nguyên gốc của cấu hình (tập tin, đầu vào tiêu chuẩn, blob, dòng "
+"lệnh)"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:156
+msgid "value"
+msgstr "giá trị"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:156
+msgid "with --get, use default value when missing entry"
+msgstr "với --get, dùng giá trị mặc định khi thiếu mục tin"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:332
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to format default config value: %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi định dạng giá trị cấu hình mặc định: %s"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:431
 msgid "unable to parse default color value"
 msgstr "không thể phân tích giá trị màu mặc định"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:457
+#: builtin/config.c:575
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "# This is Git's per-user configuration file.\n"
-"[core]\n"
+"[user]\n"
 "# Please adapt and uncomment the following lines:\n"
-"#\tuser = %s\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
 "#\temail = %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 "# �ây là tập tin cấu hình cho từng ngư�i dùng Git.\n"
-"[core]\n"
+"[user]\n"
 "# Vui lòng sửa lại cho thích hợp và b� dấu ghi chú các dòng sau:\n"
-"#\tuser = %s\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
 "#\temail = %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:589
+#: builtin/config.c:603
+msgid "--local can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr "--local chỉ có thể được dùng bên trong một kho git"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:606
+msgid "--blob can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr "--blob chỉ có thể được dùng bên trong một kho git"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:735
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot create configuration file %s"
 msgstr "không thể tạo tập tin cấu hình “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:55
+#: builtin/config.c:748
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"cannot overwrite multiple values with a single value\n"
+"       Use a regexp, --add or --replace-all to change %s."
+msgstr ""
+"không thể ghi đè nhi�u giá trị với một giá trị đơn\n"
+"      Dùng một biểu thức chính quy, --add hay --replace-all để thay đổi %s."
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:90
 msgid "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
 msgstr "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:65
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:100
 msgid "print sizes in human readable format"
 msgstr "hiển thị kích cỡ theo định dạng dành cho ngư�i đ�c"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:17
-msgid "git describe [options] <commit-ish>*"
-msgstr "git describe [các-tùy-ch�n] <commit-ish>*"
+#: builtin/describe.c:22
+msgid "git describe [<options>] [<commit-ish>...]"
+msgstr "git describe [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <commit-ish>*"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:18
-msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
-msgstr "git describe [các-tùy-ch�n] --dirty"
+#: builtin/describe.c:23
+msgid "git describe [<options>] --dirty"
+msgstr "git describe [<các-tùy-ch�n>] --dirty"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:217
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "head"
+msgstr "phía trước "
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "lightweight"
+msgstr "hạng nhẹ"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "annotated"
+msgstr "có diễn giải"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
 msgstr "thẻ đã được ghi chú %s không sẵn để dùng"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:221
+#: builtin/describe.c:271
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
 msgstr "thẻ được chú giải %s không có tên nhúng"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:223
+#: builtin/describe.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
 msgstr "thẻ “%s� đã thực sự ở đây “%s� rồi"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:250 builtin/log.c:452
-#, c-format
-msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
-msgstr "Không phải tên đối tượng %s hợp lệ"
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:253
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
-msgstr "%s không phải là một đối tượng “%s� hợp lệ"
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#: builtin/describe.c:317
 #, c-format
 msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
 msgstr "không có thẻ nào khớp chính xác với “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:272
+#: builtin/describe.c:319
 #, c-format
-msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
-msgstr "�ang tìm kiếm để mô tả %s\n"
+msgid "No exact match on refs or tags, searching to describe\n"
+msgstr "Không có tham chiếu hay thẻ khớp đúng, đang tìm kiếm mô tả\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:319
+#: builtin/describe.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "finished search at %s\n"
 msgstr "việc tìm kiếm đã kết thúc tại %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:346
+#: builtin/describe.c:392
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
@@ -5011,343 +8598,492 @@ msgstr ""
 "Không có thẻ được chú giải nào được mô tả là “%s�.\n"
 "Tuy nhiên, ở đây có những thẻ không được chú giải: hãy thử --tags."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:350
+#: builtin/describe.c:396
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 "Try --always, or create some tags."
 msgstr ""
-"Không có thẻ (tag) có thể mô tả “%s�.\n"
-"Hãy thử --always, hoặt tạo một số thẻ."
+"Không có thẻ có thể mô tả “%s�.\n"
+"Hãy thử --always, hoặc tạo một số thẻ."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:371
+#: builtin/describe.c:426
 #, c-format
 msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
 msgstr "đã xuyên %lu qua lần chuyển giao\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:374
+#: builtin/describe.c:429
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
 "gave up search at %s\n"
 msgstr ""
-"tìm thấy nhi�u hơn %i thẻ (tag); đã liệt kê %i gần đây nhất\n"
-"b� đi tìm kiếm tại %s\n"
+"tìm thấy nhi�u hơn %i thẻ; đã liệt kê %i cái gần\n"
+"đây nhất b� đi tìm kiếm tại %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:396
+#: builtin/describe.c:497
+#, c-format
+msgid "describe %s\n"
+msgstr "mô tả %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:500 builtin/log.c:502
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr "Không phải tên đối tượng %s hợp lệ"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:508
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is neither a commit nor blob"
+msgstr "%s không phải là một lần commit cũng không phải blob"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:522
 msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
 msgstr "tìm các thẻ mà nó đến trước lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:397
+#: builtin/describe.c:523
 msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
 msgstr "chiến lược tìm kiếm gỡ lỗi trên đầu ra lỗi chuẩn stderr"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:398
+#: builtin/describe.c:524
 msgid "use any ref"
 msgstr "dùng ref bất kỳ"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:399
+#: builtin/describe.c:525
 msgid "use any tag, even unannotated"
 msgstr "dùng thẻ bất kỳ, cả khi “unannotated�"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:400
+#: builtin/describe.c:526
 msgid "always use long format"
 msgstr "luôn dùng định dạng dài"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:401
+#: builtin/describe.c:527
 msgid "only follow first parent"
 msgstr "chỉ theo cha mẹ đầu tiên"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:404
+#: builtin/describe.c:530
 msgid "only output exact matches"
 msgstr "chỉ xuất những gì khớp chính xác"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:406
+#: builtin/describe.c:532
 msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
 msgstr "coi như <n> thẻ gần đây nhất (mặc định: 10)"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:408
+#: builtin/describe.c:534
 msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
 msgstr "chỉ cân nhắc đến những thẻ khớp với <mẫu>"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:410 builtin/name-rev.c:318
+#: builtin/describe.c:536
+msgid "do not consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "không coi rằng các thẻ khớp với <mẫu>"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:538 builtin/name-rev.c:406
 msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
 msgstr "hiển thị đối tượng chuyển giao vắn tắt như là fallback"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:411
+#: builtin/describe.c:539 builtin/describe.c:542
 msgid "mark"
 msgstr "dấu"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:412
+#: builtin/describe.c:540
 msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
 msgstr "thêm <dấu> trên cây thư mục làm việc bẩn (mặc định \"-dirty\")"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:430
+#: builtin/describe.c:543
+msgid "append <mark> on broken working tree (default: \"-broken\")"
+msgstr "thêm <dấu> trên cây thư mục làm việc bị h�ng (mặc định \"-broken\")"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:561
 msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
 msgstr "--long là xung khắc với tùy ch�n --abbrev=0"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:456
+#: builtin/describe.c:590
 msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
 msgstr "Không tìm thấy các tên, không thể mô tả gì cả."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:476
+#: builtin/describe.c:640
 msgid "--dirty is incompatible with commit-ishes"
 msgstr "--dirty là xung khắc với các tùy ch�n commit-ish"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:86
+#: builtin/describe.c:642
+msgid "--broken is incompatible with commit-ishes"
+msgstr "--broken là xung khắc với commit-ishes"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
 msgstr "“%s�: không phải tập tin bình thư�ng hay liên kết m�m"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:237
+#: builtin/diff.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid option: %s"
 msgstr "tùy ch�n không hợp lệ: %s"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:358
+#: builtin/diff.c:356
 msgid "Not a git repository"
 msgstr "Không phải là kho git"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:401
+#: builtin/diff.c:399
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
 msgstr "đối tượng đã cho “%s� không hợp lệ."
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:410
+#: builtin/diff.c:408
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
 msgstr "đã cho nhi�u hơn hai đối tượng blob: “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:417
+#: builtin/diff.c:413
 #, c-format
 msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
 msgstr "đã cho đối tượng không thể nắm giữ “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:24
+#: builtin/difftool.c:29
+msgid "git difftool [<options>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git difftool [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<lần_chuyển_giao> [<lần_chuyển_giao>]] [--] "
+"<đư�ng-dẫn>…]"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:259
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed: %d"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi: %d"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink %s"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c liên kết m�m %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink file %s"
+msgstr "không đ�c được tập tin liên kết m�m %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:311
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read object %s for symlink %s"
+msgstr "Không thể đ�c đối tượng %s cho liên kết m�m %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:412
+msgid ""
+"combined diff formats('-c' and '--cc') are not supported in\n"
+"directory diff mode('-d' and '--dir-diff')."
+msgstr ""
+"các định dạng diff tổ hợp(“-c� và “--cc�) chưa được hỗ trợ trong\n"
+"chế độ diff thư mục(“-d� và “--dir-diff�)."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "both files modified: '%s' and '%s'."
+msgstr "cả hai tập tin đã bị sửa: “%s� và “%s�."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:634
+msgid "working tree file has been left."
+msgstr "cây làm việc ở bên trái."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:645
+#, c-format
+msgid "temporary files exist in '%s'."
+msgstr "các tập tin tạm đã sẵn có trong “%s�."
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:646
+msgid "you may want to cleanup or recover these."
+msgstr "bạn có lẽ muốn d�n dẹp hay "
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:695
+msgid "use `diff.guitool` instead of `diff.tool`"
+msgstr "dùng “diff.guitool“ thay vì dùng “diff.tool“"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:697
+msgid "perform a full-directory diff"
+msgstr "thực hiện một diff toàn thư mục"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:699
+msgid "do not prompt before launching a diff tool"
+msgstr "đừng nhắc khi khởi chạy công cụ diff"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:704
+msgid "use symlinks in dir-diff mode"
+msgstr "dùng liên kết m�m trong diff-thư-mục"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:705
+msgid "<tool>"
+msgstr "<công_cụ>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:706
+msgid "use the specified diff tool"
+msgstr "dùng công cụ diff đã cho"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:708
+msgid "print a list of diff tools that may be used with `--tool`"
+msgstr "in ra danh sách các công cụ dif cái mà có thẻ dùng với “--tool“"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:711
+msgid ""
+"make 'git-difftool' exit when an invoked diff tool returns a non - zero exit "
+"code"
+msgstr ""
+"làm cho “git-difftool� thoát khi g�i công cụ diff trả v� mã không phải số "
+"không"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:713
+msgid "<command>"
+msgstr "<lệnh>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:714
+msgid "specify a custom command for viewing diffs"
+msgstr "chỉ định một lệnh tùy ý để xem diff"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:738
+msgid "no <tool> given for --tool=<tool>"
+msgstr "chưa đưa ra <công_cụ> cho --tool=<công_cụ>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:745
+msgid "no <cmd> given for --extcmd=<cmd>"
+msgstr "chưa đưa ra <lệnh> cho --extcmd=<lệnh>"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:27
 msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 msgstr "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:979
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1000
 msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
 msgstr "hiển thị tiến triển sau <n> đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:981
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1002
 msgid "select handling of signed tags"
 msgstr "ch�n đi�u khiển của thẻ đã ký"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:984
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1005
 msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
 msgstr "ch�n sự xử lý của các thẻ, cái mà đánh thẻ các đối tượng được l�c ra"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:987
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1008
 msgid "Dump marks to this file"
 msgstr "�ổ các đánh dấu này vào tập-tin"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:989
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1010
 msgid "Import marks from this file"
 msgstr "nhập vào đánh dấu từ tập tin này"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:991
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1012
 msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
 msgstr "Làm giả một cái thẻ khi thẻ bị thiếu một cái"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:993
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1014
 msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
 msgstr "Xuất ra toàn bộ cây cho mỗi lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:995
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1016
 msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
 msgstr "Sử dụng tính năng done để chấm dứt luồng dữ liệu"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:996
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1017
 msgid "Skip output of blob data"
 msgstr "B� qua kết xuất của dữ liệu blob"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:997
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1018
 msgid "refspec"
 msgstr "refspec"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:998
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1019
 msgid "Apply refspec to exported refs"
 msgstr "�p dụng refspec cho refs đã xuất"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:999
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1020
 msgid "anonymize output"
 msgstr "kết xuất anonymize"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:20
+#: builtin/fetch.c:26
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
 msgstr "git fetch [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<kho-chứa> [<refspec>…]]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:21
+#: builtin/fetch.c:27
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
 msgstr "git fetch [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<nhóm>"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:22
+#: builtin/fetch.c:28
 msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
 msgstr "git fetch --multiple [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [(<kho> | <nhóm>)…]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:23
+#: builtin/fetch.c:29
 msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
 msgstr "git fetch --all [<các-tùy-ch�n>]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:90
+#: builtin/fetch.c:123 builtin/pull.c:193
 msgid "fetch from all remotes"
 msgstr "lấy v� từ tất cả các máy chủ"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:92
+#: builtin/fetch.c:125 builtin/pull.c:196
 msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
 msgstr "nối thêm vào .git/FETCH_HEAD thay vì ghi đè lên nó"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:94
+#: builtin/fetch.c:127 builtin/pull.c:199
 msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn đến gói tải lên trên máy chủ cuối"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:95
+#: builtin/fetch.c:128 builtin/pull.c:201
 msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
 msgstr "ép buộc ghi đè lên nhánh nội bộ"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:97
+#: builtin/fetch.c:130
 msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
 msgstr "lấy từ nhi�u máy chủ cùng lúc"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:99
+#: builtin/fetch.c:132 builtin/pull.c:203
 msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
 msgstr "lấy tất cả các thẻ cùng với các đối tượng liên quan đến nó"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:101
+#: builtin/fetch.c:134
 msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
 msgstr "không lấy tất cả các thẻ (--no-tags)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:103
+#: builtin/fetch.c:136
+msgid "number of submodules fetched in parallel"
+msgstr "số lượng mô-đun-con được lấy đồng th�i"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:138 builtin/pull.c:206
 msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
 msgstr ""
 "cắt cụt (prune) các nhánh “remote-tracking� không còn tồn tại trên máy chủ "
 "nữa"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:104
+#: builtin/fetch.c:140
+msgid "prune local tags no longer on remote and clobber changed tags"
+msgstr "cắt xém các thẻ nội bộ không còn ở máy chủ và xóa các thẻ đã thay đổi"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:141 builtin/fetch.c:164 builtin/pull.c:131
 msgid "on-demand"
 msgstr "khi-cần"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:105
+#: builtin/fetch.c:142
 msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
 msgstr "đi�u khiển việc lấy v� đệ quy trong các mô-đun-con"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:109
+#: builtin/fetch.c:146 builtin/pull.c:214
 msgid "keep downloaded pack"
 msgstr "giữ lại gói đã tải v�"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:111
+#: builtin/fetch.c:148
 msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
 msgstr "cho phép cập nhật th.chiếu HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:114
+#: builtin/fetch.c:151 builtin/fetch.c:157 builtin/pull.c:217
 msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
 msgstr "làm sâu hơn lịch sử của bản sao"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:116
+#: builtin/fetch.c:153
+msgid "deepen history of shallow repository based on time"
+msgstr "làm sâu hơn lịch sử của kho bản sao shallow dựa trên th�i gian"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:159 builtin/pull.c:220
 msgid "convert to a complete repository"
 msgstr "chuyển đổi hoàn toàn sang kho git"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:118 builtin/log.c:1208
-msgid "dir"
-msgstr "tmục"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:119
+#: builtin/fetch.c:162
 msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
 msgstr "soạn sẵn cái này cho kết xuất đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:122
-msgid "default mode for recursion"
-msgstr "chế độ mặc định cho đệ qui"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:165
+msgid ""
+"default for recursive fetching of submodules (lower priority than config "
+"files)"
+msgstr ""
+"mặc định cho việc lấy đệ quy các mô-đun-con (có mức ưu tiên thấp hơn các tập "
+"tin cấu hình config)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:124
+#: builtin/fetch.c:169 builtin/pull.c:223
 msgid "accept refs that update .git/shallow"
 msgstr "chấp nhận tham chiếu cập nhật .git/shallow"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:125
+#: builtin/fetch.c:170 builtin/pull.c:225
 msgid "refmap"
 msgstr "refmap"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:126
+#: builtin/fetch.c:171 builtin/pull.c:226
 msgid "specify fetch refmap"
 msgstr "chỉ ra refmap cần lấy v�"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:376
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/ls-remote.c:77 builtin/push.c:582
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:172
+msgid "server-specific"
+msgstr "đặc-tả-máy-phục-vụ"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/ls-remote.c:77 builtin/push.c:582
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:173
+msgid "option to transmit"
+msgstr "tùy ch�n để chuyển giao"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:442
 msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
 msgstr "Không thể tìm thấy máy chủ cho tham chiếu HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:454
+#: builtin/fetch.c:560
+#, c-format
+msgid "configuration fetch.output contains invalid value %s"
+msgstr "phần cấu hình fetch.output có chứa giá-trị không hợp lệ %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:653
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s not found"
 msgstr "Không tìm thấy đối tượng %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:459
+#: builtin/fetch.c:657
 msgid "[up to date]"
 msgstr "[đã cập nhật]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:473
-#, c-format
-msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
-msgstr "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (không thể fetch (lấy) v� nhánh hiện hành)"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:474 builtin/fetch.c:560
+#: builtin/fetch.c:670 builtin/fetch.c:750
 msgid "[rejected]"
 msgstr "[Bị từ chối]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:485
+#: builtin/fetch.c:671
+msgid "can't fetch in current branch"
+msgstr "không thể fetch (lấy) v� nhánh hiện hành"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:680
 msgid "[tag update]"
 msgstr "[cập nhật thẻ]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:487 builtin/fetch.c:522 builtin/fetch.c:540
-msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
-msgstr "  (không thể cập nhật tham chiếu nội bộ)"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:681 builtin/fetch.c:714 builtin/fetch.c:730
+#: builtin/fetch.c:745
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr "không thể cập nhật tham chiếu nội bộ"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:505
+#: builtin/fetch.c:700
 msgid "[new tag]"
 msgstr "[thẻ mới]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:508
+#: builtin/fetch.c:703
 msgid "[new branch]"
 msgstr "[nhánh mới]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:511
+#: builtin/fetch.c:706
 msgid "[new ref]"
 msgstr "[ref (tham chiếu) mới]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:556
-msgid "unable to update local ref"
-msgstr "không thể cập nhật tham chiếu nội bộ"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:556
+#: builtin/fetch.c:745
 msgid "forced update"
 msgstr "cưỡng bức cập nhật"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:562
-msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
-msgstr "(non-fast-forward)"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:750
+msgid "non-fast-forward"
+msgstr "không-phải-chuyển-tiếp-nhanh"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:595 builtin/fetch.c:828
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
-msgstr "không thể mở %s: %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:604
+#: builtin/fetch.c:795
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
 msgstr "%s đã không gửi tất cả các đối tượng cần thiết\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:622
+#: builtin/fetch.c:815
 #, c-format
 msgid "reject %s because shallow roots are not allowed to be updated"
 msgstr "từ chối %s bởi vì các gốc nông thì không được phép cập nhật"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:710 builtin/fetch.c:793
+#: builtin/fetch.c:903 builtin/fetch.c:999
 #, c-format
 msgid "From %.*s\n"
 msgstr "Từ %.*s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:721
+#: builtin/fetch.c:914
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
@@ -5356,57 +9092,59 @@ msgstr ""
 "một số tham chiếu nội bộ không thể được cập nhật; hãy thử chạy\n"
 " “git remote prune %s� để b� đi những nhánh cũ, hay bị xung đột"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:773
+#: builtin/fetch.c:969
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (%s sẽ trở thành không đầu (không được quản lý))"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:774
+#: builtin/fetch.c:970
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (%s đã trở thành không đầu (không được quản lý))"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:798
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1002
 msgid "[deleted]"
 msgstr "[đã xóa]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:799 builtin/remote.c:1060
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1003 builtin/remote.c:1033
 msgid "(none)"
 msgstr "(không)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:818
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1026
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
 msgstr ""
 "Từ chối việc lấy vào trong nhánh hiện tại %s của một kho chứa không phải kho "
 "trần (bare)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:837
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1045
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
 msgstr "Tùy ch�n \"%s\" có giá trị \"%s\" là không hợp lệ cho %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:840
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1048
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
 msgstr "Tùy ch�n \"%s\" bị b� qua với %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:896
-#, c-format
-msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
-msgstr "Không biết làm cách nào để lấy v� từ %s"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1058
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "Fetching %s\n"
 msgstr "�ang lấy “%s� v�\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1060 builtin/remote.c:90
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1289 builtin/remote.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not fetch %s"
 msgstr "không thể “%s� v�"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1078
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1335 builtin/fetch.c:1503
+msgid ""
+"--filter can only be used with the remote configured in core.partialClone"
+msgstr ""
+"--filter chỉ có thể được dùng với máy chủ được cấu hình bằng core."
+"partialClone"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1358
 msgid ""
 "No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
 "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
@@ -5414,215 +9152,269 @@ msgstr ""
 "Chưa chỉ ra kho chứa máy chủ.  Xin hãy chỉ định hoặc là URL hoặc\n"
 "tên máy chủ từ cái mà những điểm xét duyệt mới có thể được fetch (lấy v�)."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1101
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1395
 msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
 msgstr "Bạn phải định rõ tên thẻ."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1143
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1444
+msgid "Negative depth in --deepen is not supported"
+msgstr "Mức sâu là số âm trong --deepen là không được hỗ trợ"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1446
+msgid "--deepen and --depth are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "Các tùy ch�n--deepen và --depth loại từ lẫn nhau"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1451
 msgid "--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"
 msgstr "tùy ch�n --depth và --unshallow không thể sử dụng cùng với nhau"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1145
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1453
 msgid "--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"
 msgstr "--unshallow trên kho hoàn chỉnh là không hợp lý"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1168
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1469
 msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
 msgstr "lệnh lấy v� \"fetch --all\" không lấy đối số kho chứa"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1170
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1471
 msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
 msgstr "lệnh lấy v� \"fetch --all\" không hợp lý với refspecs"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1181
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1480
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
 msgstr "không có nhóm máy chủ hay máy chủ như thế: %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1189
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1487
 msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
 msgstr "Việc lấy v� cả một nhóm và chỉ định refspecs không hợp lý"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:13
-msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <file>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <chú_thích>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <tập-tin>]"
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <chú_thích>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <tập-"
+"tin>]"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665 builtin/grep.c:698
-#: builtin/merge.c:198 builtin/repack.c:178 builtin/repack.c:182
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:657 builtin/show-ref.c:178 builtin/tag.c:590
-#: parse-options.h:132 parse-options.h:239
-msgid "n"
-msgstr "n"
-
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:663
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
 msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
 msgstr "gắn nhật ký với ít nhất <n> mục từ lệnh “shortlog�"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
 msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
 msgstr "bí danh cho --log (không được dùng)"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:672
 msgid "text"
 msgstr "văn bản"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:670
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:673
 msgid "use <text> as start of message"
 msgstr "dùng <văn bản thư�ng> để bắt đầu ghi chú"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:671
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:674
 msgid "file to read from"
 msgstr "tập tin để đ�c dữ liệu từ đó"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:676
-msgid "unable to parse format"
-msgstr "không thể phân tích định dạng"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:10
+msgid "git for-each-ref [<options>] [<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<mẫu>]"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1064
-msgid "git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]"
-msgstr "git for-each-ref [các-tùy-ch�n] [<mẫu>]"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:11
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--points-at <object>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--points-at <đối tượng>]"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1079
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:12
+msgid "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<lần-chuyển-giao>]]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:13
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--contains [<commit>]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git for-each-ref [--contains [<lần-chuyển-giao>]] [--no-contains [<lần-"
+"chuyển-giao>]]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:28
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
 msgstr "trích dẫn để phù hợp cho hệ v� (shell)"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1081
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:30
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
 msgstr "trích dẫn để phù hợp cho perl"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1083
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:32
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
 msgstr "trích dẫn để phù hợp cho python"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1085
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:34
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for Tcl"
 msgstr "trích dẫn để phù hợp cho Tcl"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1088
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:37
 msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
 msgstr "hiển thị chỉ <n> tham chiếu khớp"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1089 builtin/replace.c:438
-msgid "format"
-msgstr "định dạng"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:39 builtin/tag.c:421
+msgid "respect format colors"
+msgstr "các màu định dạng lưu tâm"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1089
-msgid "format to use for the output"
-msgstr "định dạng sẽ dùng cho đầu ra"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:43
+msgid "print only refs which points at the given object"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị các tham chiếu mà nó chỉ đến đối tượng đã cho"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1090
-msgid "key"
-msgstr "khóa"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:45
+msgid "print only refs that are merged"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những tham chiếu mà nó được hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1091
-msgid "field name to sort on"
-msgstr "tên trư�ng cần sắp xếp"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:46
+msgid "print only refs that are not merged"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những tham chiếu mà nó không được hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:147 builtin/prune.c:136
-msgid "Checking connectivity"
-msgstr "�ang kiểm tra kết nối"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:47
+msgid "print only refs which contain the commit"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những tham chiếu mà nó chứa lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:540
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:48
+msgid "print only refs which don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những tham chiếu mà nó không chứa lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:569
 msgid "Checking object directories"
 msgstr "�ang kiểm tra các thư mục đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:603
-msgid "git fsck [options] [<object>...]"
-msgstr "git fsck [các-tùy-ch�n] [<đối-tượng>…]"
+#: builtin/fsck.c:661
+msgid "git fsck [<options>] [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git fsck [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<đối-tượng>…]"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:609
+#: builtin/fsck.c:667
 msgid "show unreachable objects"
 msgstr "hiển thị các đối tượng không thể đ�c được"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:610
+#: builtin/fsck.c:668
 msgid "show dangling objects"
 msgstr "hiển thị các đối tượng không được quản lý"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:611
+#: builtin/fsck.c:669
 msgid "report tags"
 msgstr "báo cáo các thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:612
+#: builtin/fsck.c:670
 msgid "report root nodes"
 msgstr "báo cáo node gốc"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:613
+#: builtin/fsck.c:671
 msgid "make index objects head nodes"
 msgstr "tạo “index objects head nodes�"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:614
+#: builtin/fsck.c:672
 msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
 msgstr "tạo “reflogs head nodes� (mặc định)"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:615
+#: builtin/fsck.c:673
 msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
 msgstr "cũng cân nhắc đến các đối tượng gói và thay thế"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:616
+#: builtin/fsck.c:674
+msgid "check only connectivity"
+msgstr "chỉ kiểm tra kết nối"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:675
 msgid "enable more strict checking"
 msgstr "cho phép kiểm tra hạn chế hơn"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:618
+#: builtin/fsck.c:677
 msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
 msgstr "ghi các đối tượng không được quản lý trong .git/lost-found"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:619 builtin/prune.c:108
+#: builtin/fsck.c:678 builtin/prune.c:109
 msgid "show progress"
 msgstr "hiển thị quá trình"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:669
+#: builtin/fsck.c:679
+msgid "show verbose names for reachable objects"
+msgstr "hiển thị tên chi tiết cho các đối tượng đ�c được"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:745
 msgid "Checking objects"
 msgstr "�ang kiểm tra các đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:24
-msgid "git gc [options]"
-msgstr "git gc [các-tùy-ch�n]"
+#: builtin/gc.c:33
+msgid "git gc [<options>]"
+msgstr "git gc [<các-tùy-ch�n>]"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:79
+#: builtin/gc.c:88
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid gc.pruneexpire: '%s'"
-msgstr "gc.pruneexpire không hợp lệ: “%s�"
+msgid "Failed to fstat %s: %s"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi lấy thông tin thống kê v� tập tin %s: %s"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:107
+#: builtin/gc.c:452
 #, c-format
-msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
-msgstr "thư mục đối tượng dài một cách điên rồ %.*s"
+msgid "Can't stat %s"
+msgstr "không thể lấy thông tin thống kê v� “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:461
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The last gc run reported the following. Please correct the root cause\n"
+"and remove %s.\n"
+"Automatic cleanup will not be performed until the file is removed.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Lần chạy gc cuối đã báo cáo các vấn đ� sau đây. Vui lòng sửa nguyên nhân\n"
+"tận gốc và xóa b� %s.\n"
+"Việc tự động d�n dẹp sẽ không thực thi cho đến khi tập tin được xóa b�.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:276
+#: builtin/gc.c:502
 msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
 msgstr "xóa b� các đối tượng không được tham chiếu"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:278
+#: builtin/gc.c:504
 msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
 msgstr "cẩn thận hơn nữa (tăng th�i gian chạy)"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:279
+#: builtin/gc.c:505
 msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
 msgstr "bật chế độ auto-gc"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:280
+#: builtin/gc.c:508
 msgid "force running gc even if there may be another gc running"
 msgstr "buộc gc chạy ngay cả khi có tiến trình gc khác đang chạy"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:321
+#: builtin/gc.c:511
+msgid "repack all other packs except the largest pack"
+msgstr "đóng gói lại tất cả các gói khác ngoại trừ gói lớn nhất"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:528
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to parse gc.logexpiry value %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi phân tích giá trị gc.logexpiry %s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:539
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to parse prune expiry value %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi phân tích giá trị prune %s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:559
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto packing the repository in background for optimum performance.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Tự động đóng gói kho chứa trên n�n hệ thống để tối ưu hóa hiệu suất làm "
 "việc.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:323
+#: builtin/gc.c:561
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
 msgstr "Tự động đóng gói kho chứa để tối ưu hóa hiệu suất làm việc.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:324
+#: builtin/gc.c:562
 #, c-format
 msgid "See \"git help gc\" for manual housekeeping.\n"
 msgstr "Xem \"git help gc\" để có hướng dẫn cụ thể v� cách d�n dẹp kho git.\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:342
+#: builtin/gc.c:598
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "gc is already running on machine '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> (use --force if not)"
@@ -5630,330 +9422,367 @@ msgstr ""
 "gc đang được thực hiện trên máy “%s� pid %<PRIuMAX> (dùng --force nếu không "
 "phải thế)"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:364
+#: builtin/gc.c:645
 msgid ""
 "There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
 msgstr ""
 "Có quá nhi�u đối tượng tự do không được dùng đến; hãy chạy lệnh “git prune� "
 "để xóa b� chúng đi."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:23
-msgid "git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
-msgstr "git grep [các-tùy-ch�n] [-e] <mẫu> [<rev>…] [[--] <đư�ng-dẫn>…]"
+#: builtin/grep.c:28
+msgid "git grep [<options>] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git grep [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [-e] <mẫu> [<rev>…] [[--] <đư�ng-dẫn>…]"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:218
+#: builtin/grep.c:226
 #, c-format
 msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
 msgstr "grep: gặp lỗi tạo tuyến (thread): %s"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:441 builtin/grep.c:476
+#: builtin/grep.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d) for %s"
+msgstr "số tuyến đã cho không hợp lệ (%d) cho %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s is the configuration
+#. variable for tweaking threads, currently
+#. grep.threads
+#.
+#: builtin/grep.c:293 builtin/index-pack.c:1535 builtin/index-pack.c:1727
+#, c-format
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
+msgstr "không hỗ trợ đa tuyến, b� qua %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:461 builtin/grep.c:582 builtin/grep.c:623
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c cây (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:491
+#: builtin/grep.c:638
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
 msgstr "không thể thực hiện lệnh grep (l�c tìm) từ đối tượng thuộc kiểu %s"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:547
+#: builtin/grep.c:703
 #, c-format
 msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
 msgstr "chuyển đến “%c� cần một giá trị bằng số"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:564
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot open '%s'"
-msgstr "không mở được “%s�"
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:638
+#: builtin/grep.c:790
 msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
 msgstr "tìm trong bảng mục lục thay vì trong cây làm việc"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:640
+#: builtin/grep.c:792
 msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
 msgstr "tìm trong nội dung không được quản lý bởi git"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:642
+#: builtin/grep.c:794
 msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr "tìm kiếm các tập tin được và chưa được theo dõi dấu vết"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:644
-msgid "search also in ignored files"
-msgstr "tìm cả trong các tập tin đã bị l� đi"
+#: builtin/grep.c:796
+msgid "ignore files specified via '.gitignore'"
+msgstr "các tập tin bị b� qua được chỉ định thông qua “.gitignore�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:647
+#: builtin/grep.c:798
+msgid "recursively search in each submodule"
+msgstr "tìm kiếm đệ quy trong từng mô-đun-con"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:801
 msgid "show non-matching lines"
 msgstr "hiển thị những dòng không khớp với mẫu"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:649
+#: builtin/grep.c:803
 msgid "case insensitive matching"
 msgstr "phân biệt HOA/thư�ng"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:651
+#: builtin/grep.c:805
 msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
 msgstr "chỉ khớp mẫu tại đư�ng ranh giới từ"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:653
+#: builtin/grep.c:807
 msgid "process binary files as text"
 msgstr "xử lý tập tin nhị phân như là dạng văn bản thư�ng"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:655
+#: builtin/grep.c:809
 msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
 msgstr "không khớp mẫu trong các tập tin nhị phân"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:658
+#: builtin/grep.c:812
 msgid "process binary files with textconv filters"
 msgstr "xử lý tập tin nhị phân với các bộ l�c “textconv�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:660
+#: builtin/grep.c:814
 msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
-msgstr "giảm xuống ít nhất mức <sâu>"
+msgstr "hạ xuống ít nhất là mức <sâu>"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:664
+#: builtin/grep.c:818
 msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
 msgstr "dùng biểu thức chính qui POSIX có mở rộng"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:667
+#: builtin/grep.c:821
 msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
 msgstr "sử dụng biểu thức chính quy kiểu POSIX (mặc định)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:670
+#: builtin/grep.c:824
 msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
 msgstr "diễn dịch các mẫu như là chuỗi cố định"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:673
+#: builtin/grep.c:827
 msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
 msgstr "sử dụng biểu thức chính quy tương thích Perl"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:676
+#: builtin/grep.c:830
 msgid "show line numbers"
 msgstr "hiển thị số của dòng"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:677
+#: builtin/grep.c:831
 msgid "don't show filenames"
 msgstr "không hiển thị tên tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:678
+#: builtin/grep.c:832
 msgid "show filenames"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tên tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:680
+#: builtin/grep.c:834
 msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
 msgstr "hiển thị tên tập tin tương đối với thư mục đỉnh (top)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:682
+#: builtin/grep.c:836
 msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị tên tập tin thay vì những dòng khớp với mẫu"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:684
+#: builtin/grep.c:838
 msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
 msgstr "đồng nghĩa với --files-with-matches"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:687
+#: builtin/grep.c:841
 msgid "show only the names of files without match"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị tên cho những tập tin không khớp với mẫu"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:689
+#: builtin/grep.c:843
 msgid "print NUL after filenames"
 msgstr "thêm NUL vào sau tên tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:691
+#: builtin/grep.c:846
 msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
 msgstr "hiển thị số lượng khớp thay vì những dòng khớp với mẫu"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:692
+#: builtin/grep.c:847
 msgid "highlight matches"
 msgstr "tô sáng phần khớp mẫu"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:694
+#: builtin/grep.c:849
 msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
 msgstr "hiển thị dòng trống giữa các lần khớp từ các tập tin khác biệt"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:696
+#: builtin/grep.c:851
 msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
 msgstr ""
 "hiển thị tên tập tin một lần phía trên các lần khớp từ cùng một tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:699
+#: builtin/grep.c:854
 msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
 msgstr "hiển thị <n> dòng nội dung phía trước và sau các lần khớp"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:702
+#: builtin/grep.c:857
 msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
 msgstr "hiển thị <n> dòng nội dung trước khớp"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:704
+#: builtin/grep.c:859
 msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
 msgstr "hiển thị <n> dòng nội dung sau khớp"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:705
+#: builtin/grep.c:861
+msgid "use <n> worker threads"
+msgstr "dùng <n> tuyến trình làm việc"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:862
 msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
 msgstr "dạng viết tắt của -C S�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:708
+#: builtin/grep.c:865
 msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
 msgstr "hiển thị dòng vói tên hàm trước các lần khớp"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:710
+#: builtin/grep.c:867
 msgid "show the surrounding function"
 msgstr "hiển thị hàm bao quanh"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:713
+#: builtin/grep.c:870
 msgid "read patterns from file"
 msgstr "đ�c mẫu từ tập-tin"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:715
+#: builtin/grep.c:872
 msgid "match <pattern>"
 msgstr "match <mẫu>"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:717
+#: builtin/grep.c:874
 msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
 msgstr "tổ hợp mẫu được chỉ ra với tùy ch�n -e"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:729
+#: builtin/grep.c:886
 msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
 msgstr "đưa ra gợi ý với trạng thái thoát mà không có kết xuất"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:731
+#: builtin/grep.c:888
 msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những cái khớp từ tập tin mà nó khớp toàn bộ các mẫu"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:733
+#: builtin/grep.c:890
 msgid "show parse tree for grep expression"
 msgstr "hiển thị cây phân tích cú pháp cho biểu thức “grep� (tìm kiếm)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:737
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "pager"
 msgstr "dàn trang"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:737
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "show matching files in the pager"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin khớp trong trang giấy"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:740
+#: builtin/grep.c:898
 msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
 msgstr "cho phép g�i grep(1) (bị b� qua bởi lần dịch này)"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:741 builtin/show-ref.c:187
-msgid "show usage"
-msgstr "hiển thị cách dùng"
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:808
+#: builtin/grep.c:962
 msgid "no pattern given."
 msgstr "chưa chỉ ra mẫu."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:866
+#: builtin/grep.c:994
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs"
+msgstr "--no-index hay --untracked không được sử dụng cùng với revs"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to resolve revision: %s"
+msgstr "không thể phân giải điểm xét duyệt: %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1036 builtin/index-pack.c:1531
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
+msgstr "số tuyến chỉ ra không hợp lệ (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1041
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring --threads"
+msgstr "không hỗ trợ đa tuyến, b� qua --threads"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1065
 msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
 msgstr "--open-files-in-pager chỉ làm việc trên cây-làm-việc"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:892
+#: builtin/grep.c:1088
+msgid "option not supported with --recurse-submodules."
+msgstr "tùy ch�n không được hỗ trợ với --recurse-submodules."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1094
 msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
 msgstr "--cached hay --untracked không được sử dụng với --no-index."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:897
-msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
-msgstr ""
-"--no-index hay --untracked không được sử dụng cùng với các tùy ch�n liên "
-"quan đến revs."
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:900
+#: builtin/grep.c:1100
 msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
 msgstr "--[no-]exclude-standard không thể sử dụng cho nội dung lưu dấu vết."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:908
+#: builtin/grep.c:1108
 msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
 msgstr "cả hai --cached và các cây phải được chỉ ra."
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:82
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
 msgid ""
-"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
-"<file>..."
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"[--] <file>..."
 msgstr ""
-"git hash-object [-t <kiểu>] [-w] [--path=<tập-tin>|--no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"git hash-object [-t <kiểu>] [-w] [--path=<tập-tin> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
 "[--] <tập-tin>…"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
-msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>"
-msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <danh-sách-đư�ng-dẫn>"
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:84
+msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
+msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:94 builtin/tag.c:610
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
 msgid "type"
 msgstr "kiểu"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:94
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
 msgid "object type"
 msgstr "kiểu đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:95
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
 msgid "write the object into the object database"
 msgstr "ghi đối tượng vào dữ liệu đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
 msgid "read the object from stdin"
 msgstr "đ�c đối tượng từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn stdin"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
 msgid "store file as is without filters"
 msgstr "lưu các tập tin mà nó không có các bộ l�c"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:100
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:102
 msgid ""
 "just hash any random garbage to create corrupt objects for debugging Git"
 msgstr "chỉ cần băm rác ngẫu nhiên để tạo một đối tượng h�ng để mà gỡ lỗi Git"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103
 msgid "process file as it were from this path"
 msgstr "xử lý tập tin như là nó đang ở thư mục này"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:41
+#: builtin/help.c:45
 msgid "print all available commands"
 msgstr "hiển thị danh sách các câu lệnh ngư�i dùng có thể sử dụng"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:42
+#: builtin/help.c:46
+msgid "exclude guides"
+msgstr "hướng dẫn loại trừ"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:47
 msgid "print list of useful guides"
 msgstr "hiển thị danh sách các hướng dẫn hữu dụng"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:43
+#: builtin/help.c:48
 msgid "show man page"
 msgstr "hiển thị trang man"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:44
+#: builtin/help.c:49
 msgid "show manual in web browser"
 msgstr "hiển thị hướng dẫn sử dụng trong trình duyệt web"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:46
+#: builtin/help.c:51
 msgid "show info page"
 msgstr "hiện trang info"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:52
-msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
-msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [lệnh]"
+#: builtin/help.c:53
+msgid "print command description"
+msgstr "hiển thị mô tả lệnh"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:58
+msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<command>]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<lệnh>]"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:64
+#: builtin/help.c:70
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
 msgstr "không nhận ra định dạng trợ giúp “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:91
+#: builtin/help.c:97
 msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi khởi chạy emacsclient."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:104
+#: builtin/help.c:110
 msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân tích phiên bản emacsclient."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:112
+#: builtin/help.c:118
 #, c-format
 msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
 msgstr "phiên bản của emacsclient “%d� quá cũ (< 22)."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:130 builtin/help.c:158 builtin/help.c:167 builtin/help.c:175
+#: builtin/help.c:136 builtin/help.c:158 builtin/help.c:168 builtin/help.c:176
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
-msgstr "gặp lỗi khi thực thi “%s�: %s"
+msgid "failed to exec '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi thực thi “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:215
+#: builtin/help.c:214
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
@@ -5962,7 +9791,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "“%s�: đư�ng dẫn không hỗ trợ bộ trình chiếu man.\n"
 "Hãy cân nhắc đến việc sử dụng “man.<tool>.cmd� để thay thế."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:227
+#: builtin/help.c:226
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
@@ -5971,484 +9800,422 @@ msgstr ""
 "“%s�: cmd (lệnh) hỗ trợ bộ trình chiếu man.\n"
 "Hãy cân nhắc đến việc sử dụng “man.<tool>.path� để thay thế."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:354
+#: builtin/help.c:343
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
 msgstr "“%s�: không rõ chương trình xem man."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:371
+#: builtin/help.c:360
 msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "không có trình xem trợ giúp dạng manpage tiếp hợp với yêu cầu"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:379
+#: builtin/help.c:368
 msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "không có trình xem trợ giúp dạng info tiếp hợp với yêu cầu"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:428
-msgid "Defining attributes per path"
-msgstr "�ịnh nghĩa các thuộc tính cho mỗi đư�ng dẫn"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:429
-msgid "Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So"
-msgstr "Mỗi ngày h�c 20 lệnh Git hay hơn"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:430
-msgid "A Git glossary"
-msgstr "Thuật ngữ chuyên môn Git"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:431
-msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
-msgstr "Chỉ định các tập tin không cần theo dõi"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:432
-msgid "Defining submodule properties"
-msgstr "�ịnh nghĩa thuộc tính mô-đun-con"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:433
-msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
-msgstr "Chỉ định điểm xét duyệt và vùng cho Git"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:434
-msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)"
-msgstr "Hướng dẫn cách dùng Git ở mức cơ bản (bản 1.5.1 hay mới hơn)"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:435
-msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
-msgstr "Tổng quan v� luồng công việc khuyến nghị nên dùng với Git."
-
-#: builtin/help.c:447
-msgid "The common Git guides are:\n"
-msgstr "Các chỉ dẫn chung v� cách dùng Git là:\n"
+#: builtin/help.c:415
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is aliased to '%s'"
+msgstr "“%s� được đặt bí danh thành “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:468 builtin/help.c:485
+#: builtin/help.c:442 builtin/help.c:459
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s%s"
 msgstr "cách dùng: %s%s"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:501
-#, c-format
-msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
-msgstr "“git %s� được đặt bí danh thành “%s�"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:150
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:158
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to open %s"
 msgstr "không thể mở %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:200
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
 msgstr "kiểu đối tượng không khớp tại %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:220
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:228
 #, c-format
 msgid "did not receive expected object %s"
 msgstr "Không thể lấy v� đối tượng cần %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:223
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:231
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s: expected type %s, found %s"
 msgstr "đối tượng %s: cần kiểu %s nhưng lại nhận được %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:265
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
 msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
 msgstr[0] "không thể đi�n thêm vào %d byte"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:275
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:283
 msgid "early EOF"
 msgstr "gặp kết thúc tập tin EOF quá sớm"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:276
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:284
 msgid "read error on input"
 msgstr "lỗi đ�c ở đầu vào"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:288
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:296
 msgid "used more bytes than were available"
 msgstr "sử dụng nhi�u hơn số lượng byte mà nó sẵn có"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:295
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:303
 msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
 msgstr "gói quá lớn so với định nghĩa hiện tại của kiểu off_t"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:311
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:306 builtin/unpack-objects.c:93
+msgid "pack exceeds maximum allowed size"
+msgstr "gói đã vượt quá cỡ tối đa được phép"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể tạo “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:316
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:327
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể mở packfile “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:330
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:341
 msgid "pack signature mismatch"
 msgstr "chữ ký cho gói không khớp"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:332
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:343
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
 msgstr "không hỗ trợ phiên bản gói %<PRIu32>"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:350
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:361
 #, c-format
-msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
-msgstr "gói có đối tượng sai khoảng bù (offset) %lu: %s"
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
+msgstr "gói có đối tượng sai tại khoảng bù %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:471
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:482
 #, c-format
 msgid "inflate returned %d"
 msgstr "xả nén trả v� %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:520
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:531
 msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
 msgstr "tràn giá trị khoảng bù cho đối tượng delta cơ sở"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:528
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:539
 msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
 msgstr "khoảng bù cơ sở cho delta nằm ngoài phạm vi"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:536
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:547
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown object type %d"
 msgstr "không hiểu kiểu đối tượng %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:567
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:578
 msgid "cannot pread pack file"
 msgstr "không thể chạy hàm pread cho tập tin gói"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:569
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:580
 #, c-format
-msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
-msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
-msgstr[0] "tập tin gói bị kết thúc sớm, thiếu %lu byte"
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] "tập tin gói bị kết thúc sớm, thiếu %<PRIuMAX> byte"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:595
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:606
 msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
 msgstr "sự mâu thuẫn xả nén nghiêm tr�ng"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:686 builtin/index-pack.c:692 builtin/index-pack.c:715
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:749 builtin/index-pack.c:758
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:751 builtin/index-pack.c:757 builtin/index-pack.c:780
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:819 builtin/index-pack.c:828
 #, c-format
 msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
 msgstr "SỰ VA CHẠM SHA1 �à XẢY RA VỚI %s!"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:689 builtin/pack-objects.c:164
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:256
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:754 builtin/pack-objects.c:198
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:292
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read %s"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:755
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:817
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object info %s"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c thông tin đối tượng sẵn có %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:825
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c đối tượng đã tồn tại %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:769
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:839
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid blob object %s"
 msgstr "đối tượng blob không hợp lệ %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:783
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:842 builtin/index-pack.c:860
+msgid "fsck error in packed object"
+msgstr "lỗi fsck trong đối tượng đóng gói"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:857
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %s"
 msgstr "%s không hợp lệ"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:787
-msgid "Error in object"
-msgstr "Lỗi trong đối tượng"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:789
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:862
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
 msgstr "Không phải tất cả các đối tượng con của %s là có thể với tới được"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:861 builtin/index-pack.c:890
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:934 builtin/index-pack.c:965
 msgid "failed to apply delta"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi áp dụng delta"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1055
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1135
 msgid "Receiving objects"
 msgstr "�ang nhận v� các đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1055
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1135
 msgid "Indexing objects"
 msgstr "Các đối tượng bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1081
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1169
 msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
 msgstr "gói bị sai h�ng (SHA1 không khớp)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1086
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1174
 msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
 msgstr "không thể lấy thông tin thống kê packfile"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1089
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1177
 msgid "pack has junk at the end"
 msgstr "pack có phần thừa ở cuối"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1100
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1189
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
 msgstr "lộn xộn hơn cả điên rồ khi chạy hàm parse_pack_objects()"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1123
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1212
 msgid "Resolving deltas"
 msgstr "�ang phân giải các delta"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1133
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1223
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
 msgstr "không thể tạo tuyến: %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1175
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1265
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
 msgstr "lộn xộn hơn cả điên rồ"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1181
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1271
 #, c-format
-msgid "completed with %d local objects"
-msgstr "đầy đủ với %d đối tượng nội bộ"
+msgid "completed with %d local object"
+msgid_plural "completed with %d local objects"
+msgstr[0] "đầy đủ với %d đối tượng nội bộ"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1191
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1283
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
-msgstr "Tổng kiểm tra tail không như mong đợi cho %s (đĩa h�ng?)"
+msgstr "Gặp tổng kiểm tra tail không cần cho %s (đĩa h�ng?)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1195
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
 msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
 msgstr[0] "gói có %d delta chưa được giải quyết"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1220
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1311
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
 msgstr "không thể xả nén đối tượng nối thêm (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1299
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1388
 #, c-format
 msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
 msgstr "đối tượng nội bộ %s bị h�ng"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1323
-msgid "error while closing pack file"
-msgstr "gặp lỗi trong khi đóng tập tin gói"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1402
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr "tên tập tin tập tin gói “%s� không được kết thúc bằng đuôi “.pack�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1336
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1427
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
-msgstr "không thể ghi tập tin giữ lại “%s�"
+msgid "cannot write %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể ghi %s tập tin “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1344
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1435
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
-msgstr "không thể đóng tập tin giữ lại đã được ghi “%s�"
+msgid "cannot close written %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể đóng tập tin được ghi %s “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1357
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1459
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi trong khi đóng tập tin gói"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1473
 msgid "cannot store pack file"
 msgstr "không thể lưu tập tin gói"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1368
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1481
 msgid "cannot store index file"
 msgstr "không thể lưu trữ tập tin ghi mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1525
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 msgstr "sai pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1407
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
-msgstr "số tuyến chỉ ra không hợp lệ (%d)"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1411 builtin/index-pack.c:1590
-#, c-format
-msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
-msgstr "không hỗ trợ đa tuyến, b� qua %s"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1469
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể mở tập tin gói đã sẵn có “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1471
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1596
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể mở tập tin idx của gói cho “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1518
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1644
 #, c-format
 msgid "non delta: %d object"
 msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
 msgstr[0] "không delta: %d đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1525
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1651
 #, c-format
 msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
 msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
 msgstr[0] "chi�u dài xích = %d: %lu đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1554
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1688
 msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
 msgstr "Không thể quay lại cwd"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1602 builtin/index-pack.c:1605
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1617 builtin/index-pack.c:1621
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1739 builtin/index-pack.c:1742
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1758 builtin/index-pack.c:1762
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad %s"
 msgstr "%s sai"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1635
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1778
 msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
 msgstr "--fix-thin không thể được dùng mà không có --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1639 builtin/index-pack.c:1648
-#, c-format
-msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
-msgstr "tên tập tin tập tin gói “%s� không được kết thúc bằng đuôi “.pack�"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1780
+msgid "--stdin requires a git repository"
+msgstr "--stdin cần một kho git"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1656
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1786
 msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
 msgstr "dùng tùy ch�n --verify mà không đưa ra tên packfile"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:35
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
-msgstr "Không thể làm %s được ghi bởi nhóm"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:62
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template name %s"
-msgstr "tên mẫu dài một cách điên rồ %s"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1836 builtin/unpack-objects.c:578
+msgid "fsck error in pack objects"
+msgstr "lỗi fsck trong các đối tượng gói"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#: builtin/init-db.c:55
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể lấy thông tin thống kê v� “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#: builtin/init-db.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể lấy thông tin thống kê v� mẫu “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#: builtin/init-db.c:66
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể opendir() “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#: builtin/init-db.c:77
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể readlink “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:99
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
-msgstr "liên kết m�m dài một cách điên rồ %s"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#: builtin/init-db.c:79
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể tạo liên kết m�m (symlink) “%s� “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#: builtin/init-db.c:85
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể sao chép “%s� sang “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#: builtin/init-db.c:89
 #, c-format
 msgid "ignoring template %s"
 msgstr "đang l� đi mẫu “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:136
+#: builtin/init-db.c:120
 #, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template path %s"
-msgstr "đư�ng dẫn mẫu “%s� dài một cách điên rồ"
+msgid "templates not found in %s"
+msgstr "các mẫu không được tìm thấy trong %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:144
+#: builtin/init-db.c:135
 #, c-format
-msgid "templates not found %s"
-msgstr "các mẫu không được tìm thấy %s"
+msgid "not copying templates from '%s': %s"
+msgstr "không sao chép các mẫu từ “%s�: %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:157
+#: builtin/init-db.c:328
 #, c-format
-msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
-msgstr "không sao chép các mẫu của phiên bản sai định dạng %d từ “%s�"
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr "không thể xử lý (handle) tập tin kiểu %d"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:197
+#: builtin/init-db.c:331
 #, c-format
-msgid "insane git directory %s"
-msgstr "thư mục git điên rồ %s"
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr "không di chuyển được %s vào %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:331 builtin/init-db.c:334
+#: builtin/init-db.c:348 builtin/init-db.c:351
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s already exists"
 msgstr "%s đã có từ trước rồi"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:363
+#: builtin/init-db.c:404
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
-msgstr "không thể xử lý (handle) tập tin kiểu %d"
+msgid "Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "�ã khởi tạo lại kho Git chia sẻ sẵn có trong %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:366
+#: builtin/init-db.c:405
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
-msgstr "không di chuyển được %s vào %s"
+msgid "Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "�ã khởi tạo lại kho Git sẵn có trong %s%s\n"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
-#. existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
-#. "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
-#: builtin/init-db.c:426
+#: builtin/init-db.c:409
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
-msgstr "%s%s kho Git trong %s%s\n"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:427
-msgid "Reinitialized existing"
-msgstr "Khởi tạo lại đã sẵn có rồi"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:427
-msgid "Initialized empty"
-msgstr "Khởi tạo trống rỗng"
+msgid "Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "�ã khởi tạo lại kho Git chia sẻ trống rỗng sẵn có trong %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:428
-msgid " shared"
-msgstr " đã chia sẻ"
+#: builtin/init-db.c:410
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "�ã khởi tạo lại kho Git trống rỗng sẵn có trong %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:475
+#: builtin/init-db.c:458
 msgid ""
 "git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--"
-"shared[=<permissions>]] [directory]"
+"shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<thư-mục-tạm>] [--shared[=<các-"
 "quy�n>]] [thư-mục]"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:498
+#: builtin/init-db.c:481
 msgid "permissions"
 msgstr "các quy�n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:499
+#: builtin/init-db.c:482
 msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
 msgstr "chỉ ra cái mà kho git được chia sẻ giữa nhi�u ngư�i dùng"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:501 builtin/prune-packed.c:57 builtin/repack.c:171
-msgid "be quiet"
-msgstr "im lặng"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:533 builtin/init-db.c:538
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
-msgstr "không thể mkdir (tạo thư mục): %s"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:542
+#: builtin/init-db.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
 msgstr "không thể chdir (chuyển đổi thư mục) sang %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:563
+#: builtin/init-db.c:546
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
@@ -6457,303 +10224,416 @@ msgstr ""
 "%s (hoặc --work-tree=<thư-mục>) không cho phép không chỉ định %s (hoặc --git-"
 "dir=<thư-mục>)"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:591
+#: builtin/init-db.c:574
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể truy cập cây (tree) làm việc “%s�"
 
 #: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git interpret-trailers [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>])...] "
-"[<file>...]"
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"<token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [<file>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git interpret-trailers [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <thẻ>[(=|:)<giá-trị>])…] "
-"[<tập-tin>…]"
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"<thẻ>[(=|:)<giá-trị>])…] [<tập-tin>…]"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:92
+msgid "edit files in place"
+msgstr "sửa các tập tin tại chỗ"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:25
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:93
 msgid "trim empty trailers"
 msgstr "bộ dò vết cắt b� phần trống rỗng"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:26
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:96
+msgid "where to place the new trailer"
+msgstr "đặt phần đuôi mới ở đâu"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:98
+msgid "action if trailer already exists"
+msgstr "thao tác khi đã có phần đuôi"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:100
+msgid "action if trailer is missing"
+msgstr "thao tác khi thiếu phần đuôi"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:102
+msgid "output only the trailers"
+msgstr "chỉ xuất phần đuôi"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:103
+msgid "do not apply config rules"
+msgstr "đừng áp dụng các quy tắc cấu hình"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:104
+msgid "join whitespace-continued values"
+msgstr "nối các giá trị khoảng-trắng-liên-tiếp"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:105
+msgid "set parsing options"
+msgstr "đặt các tùy ch�n phân tích cú pháp"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:107
 msgid "trailer"
 msgstr "bộ dò vết"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:27
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:108
 msgid "trailer(s) to add"
 msgstr "bộ dò vết cần thêm"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:41
-msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] <path>...]"
-msgstr "git log [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<vùng xem xét>] [[--] <đư�ng-dẫn>…]"
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:117
+msgid "--trailer with --only-input does not make sense"
+msgstr "--trailer cùng với --only-input không hợp lý"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:127
+msgid "no input file given for in-place editing"
+msgstr "không đưa ra tập tin đầu vào để sửa tại-chỗ"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:48
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git log [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<vùng-xem-xét>] [[--] <đư�ng-dẫn>…]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:42
-msgid "git show [options] <object>..."
-msgstr "git show [các-tùy-ch�n] <đối-tượng>…"
+#: builtin/log.c:49
+msgid "git show [<options>] <object>..."
+msgstr "git show [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <đối-tượng>…"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:81
+#: builtin/log.c:93
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid --decorate option: %s"
 msgstr "tùy ch�n--decorate không hợp lệ: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:127
+#: builtin/log.c:153
 msgid "suppress diff output"
 msgstr "chặn m�i kết xuất từ diff"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:128
+#: builtin/log.c:154
 msgid "show source"
 msgstr "hiển thị mã nguồn"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:129
+#: builtin/log.c:155
 msgid "Use mail map file"
 msgstr "Sử dụng tập tin ánh xạ thư"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:130
+#: builtin/log.c:157
+msgid "only decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "chỉ tô sáng các tham chiếu khớp với <mẫu>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:159
+msgid "do not decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "không tô sáng các tham chiếu khớp với <mẫu>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:160
 msgid "decorate options"
 msgstr "các tùy ch�n trang trí"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:133
+#: builtin/log.c:163
 msgid "Process line range n,m in file, counting from 1"
 msgstr "Xử lý chỉ dòng vùng n,m trong tập tin, tính từ 1"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:229
+#: builtin/log.c:259
 #, c-format
 msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
 msgstr "Kết xuất cuối cùng: %d %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:458
+#: builtin/log.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "git show %s: bad file"
 msgstr "git show %s: sai tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:472 builtin/log.c:564
+#: builtin/log.c:525 builtin/log.c:619
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read object %s"
 msgstr "Không thể đ�c đối tượng %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:588
+#: builtin/log.c:643
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown type: %d"
 msgstr "Không nhận ra kiểu: %d"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:689
+#: builtin/log.c:764
 msgid "format.headers without value"
 msgstr "format.headers không có giá trị cụ thể"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:773
+#: builtin/log.c:865
 msgid "name of output directory is too long"
 msgstr "tên của thư mục kết xuất quá dài"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:789
+#: builtin/log.c:881
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
 msgstr "Không thể mở tập tin miếng vá: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:803
+#: builtin/log.c:898
 msgid "Need exactly one range."
 msgstr "Cần chính xác một vùng."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:811
+#: builtin/log.c:908
 msgid "Not a range."
 msgstr "Không phải là một vùng."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:919
+#: builtin/log.c:1014
 msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
 msgstr "“Cover letter� cần cho định dạng thư"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:998
+#: builtin/log.c:1095
 #, c-format
 msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
 msgstr "in-reply-to điên rồ: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1026
-msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
-msgstr "git format-patch [các-tùy-ch�n] [<kể-từ> | <vùng-xem-xét>]"
+#: builtin/log.c:1122
+msgid "git format-patch [<options>] [<since> | <revision-range>]"
+msgstr "git format-patch [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<kể-từ> | <vùng-xem-xét>]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1071
+#: builtin/log.c:1172
 msgid "Two output directories?"
 msgstr "Hai thư mục kết xuất?"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1186
+#: builtin/log.c:1279 builtin/log.c:1932 builtin/log.c:1934 builtin/log.c:1946
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr "Không hiểu lần chuyển giao %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1289 builtin/notes.c:887 builtin/tag.c:523
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân giải “%s� như là một tham chiếu hợp lệ."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1294
+msgid "Could not find exact merge base."
+msgstr "Không tìm thấy n�n hòa trộn chính xác."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1298
+msgid ""
+"Failed to get upstream, if you want to record base commit automatically,\n"
+"please use git branch --set-upstream-to to track a remote branch.\n"
+"Or you could specify base commit by --base=<base-commit-id> manually."
+msgstr ""
+"Gặp lỗi khi lấy thượng nguồn, nếu bạn muốn ghi lại lần chuyển giao n�n một\n"
+"cách tự động, vui lòng dùng \"git branch --set-upstream-to\" để theo dõi\n"
+"nhánh máy chủ. Hoặc là bạn có thể chỉ định lần chuyển giao n�n bằng\n"
+"\"--base=<base-commit-id>\" một cách thủ công."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1318
+msgid "Failed to find exact merge base"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi tìm n�n hòa trộn chính xác."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1329
+msgid "base commit should be the ancestor of revision list"
+msgstr "lần chuyển giao n�n không là tổ tiên của danh sách điểm xét duyệt"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1333
+msgid "base commit shouldn't be in revision list"
+msgstr "lần chuyển giao n�n không được trong danh sách điểm xét duyệt"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1382
+msgid "cannot get patch id"
+msgstr "không thể lấy mã miếng vá"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1441
 msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
 msgstr "dùng [PATCH n/m] ngay cả với miếng vá đơn"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1189
+#: builtin/log.c:1444
 msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
 msgstr "dùng [V�] ngay cả với các miếng vá phức tạp"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1193
+#: builtin/log.c:1448
 msgid "print patches to standard out"
 msgstr "hiển thị miếng vá ra đầu ra chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1195
+#: builtin/log.c:1450
 msgid "generate a cover letter"
 msgstr "tạo bì thư"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1197
+#: builtin/log.c:1452
 msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
 msgstr "sử dụng chỗi dãy số dạng đơn giản cho tên tập-tin xuất ra"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1198
+#: builtin/log.c:1453
 msgid "sfx"
 msgstr "sfx"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1199
+#: builtin/log.c:1454
 msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
 msgstr "sử dụng <sfx> thay cho “.patch�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1201
+#: builtin/log.c:1456
 msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
 msgstr "bắt đầu đánh số miếng vá từ <n> thay vì 1"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1203
+#: builtin/log.c:1458
 msgid "mark the series as Nth re-roll"
 msgstr "đánh dấu chuỗi nối tiếp dạng thứ-N re-roll"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1205
+#: builtin/log.c:1460
+msgid "Use [RFC PATCH] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "Dùng [RFC V�] thay cho [V�]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1463
 msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
 msgstr "Dùng [<ti�n-tố>] thay cho [V�]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1208
+#: builtin/log.c:1466
 msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
 msgstr "lưu các tập tin kết quả trong <t.mục>"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1211
+#: builtin/log.c:1469
 msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
 msgstr "không strip/add [V�]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1214
+#: builtin/log.c:1472
 msgid "don't output binary diffs"
 msgstr "không kết xuất diff (những khác biệt) nhị phân"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1216
+#: builtin/log.c:1474
+msgid "output all-zero hash in From header"
+msgstr "xuất m�i mã băm all-zero trong phần đầu From"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1476
 msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
 msgstr "không bao gồm miếng vá khớp với một lần chuyển giao thượng nguồn"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1218
+#: builtin/log.c:1478
 msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
 msgstr "hiển thị định dạng miếng vá thay vì mặc định (miếng vá + thống kê)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1220
+#: builtin/log.c:1480
 msgid "Messaging"
 msgstr "L�i nhắn"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1221
+#: builtin/log.c:1481
 msgid "header"
 msgstr "đầu đ� thư"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1222
+#: builtin/log.c:1482
 msgid "add email header"
 msgstr "thêm đầu đ� thư"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1223 builtin/log.c:1225
+#: builtin/log.c:1483 builtin/log.c:1485
 msgid "email"
 msgstr "thư điện tử"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1223
+#: builtin/log.c:1483
 msgid "add To: header"
 msgstr "thêm To: đầu đ� thư"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1225
+#: builtin/log.c:1485
 msgid "add Cc: header"
 msgstr "thêm Cc: đầu đ� thư"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1227
+#: builtin/log.c:1487
 msgid "ident"
 msgstr "thụt l�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1228
+#: builtin/log.c:1488
 msgid "set From address to <ident> (or committer ident if absent)"
 msgstr ""
 "đặt “�ịa chỉ gửi� thành <thụ l�> (hoặc thụt l� ngư�i commit nếu b� quên)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1230
+#: builtin/log.c:1490
 msgid "message-id"
 msgstr "message-id"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1231
+#: builtin/log.c:1491
 msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
 msgstr "dùng thư đầu tiên để trả l�i <message-id>"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1232 builtin/log.c:1235
+#: builtin/log.c:1492 builtin/log.c:1495
 msgid "boundary"
 msgstr "ranh giá»›i"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1233
+#: builtin/log.c:1493
 msgid "attach the patch"
 msgstr "đính kèm miếng vá"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1236
+#: builtin/log.c:1496
 msgid "inline the patch"
 msgstr "dùng miếng vá làm nội dung"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1240
+#: builtin/log.c:1500
 msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
 msgstr "cho phép luồng l�i nhắn, kiểu: “shallow�, “deep�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1242
+#: builtin/log.c:1502
 msgid "signature"
 msgstr "chữ ký"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1243
+#: builtin/log.c:1503
 msgid "add a signature"
 msgstr "thêm chữ ký"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1245
+#: builtin/log.c:1504
+msgid "base-commit"
+msgstr "lần_chuyển_giao_n�n"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1505
+msgid "add prerequisite tree info to the patch series"
+msgstr "add trước hết đòi h�i thông tin cây tới sê-ri miếng vá"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1507
 msgid "add a signature from a file"
 msgstr "thêm chữ ký từ một tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1246
+#: builtin/log.c:1508
 msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
 msgstr "không hiển thị các tên tập tin của miếng vá"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1320
+#: builtin/log.c:1510
+msgid "show progress while generating patches"
+msgstr "hiển thị bộ đo tiến triển trong khi tạo các miếng vá"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1585
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid ident line: %s"
 msgstr "dòng thụt l� không hợp lệ: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1335
+#: builtin/log.c:1600
 msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
 msgstr "-n và  -k loại từ lẫn nhau."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1337
-msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
-msgstr "--subject-prefix và -k xung khắc nhau."
+#: builtin/log.c:1602
+msgid "--subject-prefix/--rfc and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "--subject-prefix/--rfc và -k xung khắc nhau."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1345
+#: builtin/log.c:1610
 msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
 msgstr "--name-only không hợp lý"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1347
+#: builtin/log.c:1612
 msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
 msgstr "--name-status không hợp lý"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1349
+#: builtin/log.c:1614
 msgid "--check does not make sense"
 msgstr "--check không hợp lý"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1372
+#: builtin/log.c:1646
 msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
 msgstr "đầu ra chuẩn, hay thư mục, ch�n cái nào?"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1374
+#: builtin/log.c:1648
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể tạo thư mục “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1472
+#: builtin/log.c:1741
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read signature file '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c tập tin chữ ký “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1535
+#: builtin/log.c:1773
+msgid "Generating patches"
+msgstr "�ang tạo các miếng vá"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1817
 msgid "Failed to create output files"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi tạo các tập tin kết xuất"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1583
+#: builtin/log.c:1867
 msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
 msgstr "git cherry [-v] [<thượng-nguồn> [<đầu> [<giới-hạn>]]]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1638
+#: builtin/log.c:1921
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
@@ -6761,107 +10641,160 @@ msgstr ""
 "Không tìm thấy nhánh mạng được theo dõi, hãy chỉ định <thượng-nguồn> một "
 "cách thủ công.\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1651 builtin/log.c:1653 builtin/log.c:1665
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unknown commit %s"
-msgstr "Không hiểu lần chuyển giao %s"
-
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:401
-msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git ls-files [các-tùy-ch�n] [<tập-tin>…]"
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+msgid "git ls-files [<options>] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-files [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<tập-tin>…]"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:458
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:517
 msgid "identify the file status with tags"
 msgstr "nhận dạng các trạng thái tập tin với thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:460
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:519
 msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
 msgstr ""
 "dùng chữ cái viết thư�ng cho các tập tin “assume unchanged� (giả định không "
 "thay đổi)"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:462
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:521
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'fsmonitor clean' files"
+msgstr "dùng chữ cái viết thư�ng cho các tập tin “fsmonitor clean�"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:523
 msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin được nhớ tạm vào đầu ra (mặc định)"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:464
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:525
 msgid "show deleted files in the output"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin đã xóa trong kết xuất"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:466
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:527
 msgid "show modified files in the output"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin đã bị sửa đổi ra kết xuất"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:529
 msgid "show other files in the output"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin khác trong kết xuất"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:470
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:531
 msgid "show ignored files in the output"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin bị b� qua trong kết xuất"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:534
 msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
 msgstr "hiển thị tên đối tượng của nội dung được đặt lên bệ phóng ra kết xuất"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:536
 msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin trên hệ thống tập tin mà nó cần được gỡ b�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:477
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:538
 msgid "show 'other' directories' names only"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị tên của các thư mục “khác�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:540
+msgid "show line endings of files"
+msgstr "hiển thị kết thúc dòng của các tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:542
 msgid "don't show empty directories"
 msgstr "không hiển thị thư mục rỗng"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:483
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:545
 msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin chưa hòa trộn trong kết xuất"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:547
 msgid "show resolve-undo information"
 msgstr "hiển thị thông tin resolve-undo"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:487
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:549
 msgid "skip files matching pattern"
 msgstr "b� qua những tập tin khớp với một mẫu"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:552
 msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
 msgstr "mẫu loại trừ được đ�c từ <tập tin>"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:493
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:555
 msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
 msgstr "đ�c thêm các mẫu ngoại trừ mỗi thư mục trong <tập tin>"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:557
 msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
 msgstr "thêm loại trừ tiêu chuẩn kiểu git"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:560
 msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
 msgstr "làm cho kết xuất liên quan đến thư mục ở mức cao nhất (gốc) của dự án"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:501
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:563
+msgid "recurse through submodules"
+msgstr "đệ quy xuyên qua mô-đun con"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:565
 msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
 msgstr "nếu <tập tin> bất kỳ không ở trong bảng mục lục, xử lý nó như một lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:502
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:566
 msgid "tree-ish"
 msgstr "tree-ish"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:567
 msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
 msgstr ""
 "giả định rằng các đư�ng dẫn đã bị gỡ b� kể từ <tree-ish> nay vẫn hiện diện"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:505
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:569
 msgid "show debugging data"
 msgstr "hiển thị dữ liệu gỡ lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/ls-tree.c:28
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:9
+msgid ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<repository> [<refs>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<kho> [<các tham chiếu>…]]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:59
+msgid "do not print remote URL"
+msgstr "không hiển thị URL máy chủ"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:60 builtin/ls-remote.c:62
+msgid "exec"
+msgstr "thá»±c thi"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:61 builtin/ls-remote.c:63
+msgid "path of git-upload-pack on the remote host"
+msgstr "đư�ng dẫn của git-upload-pack trên máy chủ"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:65
+msgid "limit to tags"
+msgstr "giới hạn tới các thẻ"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:66
+msgid "limit to heads"
+msgstr "giới hạn cho các đầu"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:67
+msgid "do not show peeled tags"
+msgstr "không hiển thị thẻ bị peel (g�t b�)"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:69
+msgid "take url.<base>.insteadOf into account"
+msgstr "lấy url.<base>.insteadOf vào trong tài khoản"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:73
+msgid "exit with exit code 2 if no matching refs are found"
+msgstr "thoát với mã là 2 nếu không tìm thấy tham chiếu nào khớp"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:76
+msgid "show underlying ref in addition to the object pointed by it"
+msgstr "hiển thị tham chiếu nằm dưới để thêm vào đối tượng được chỉ bởi nó"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:29
 msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr "git ls-tree [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <tree-ish> [<đư�ng-dẫn>…]"
 
@@ -6897,182 +10830,189 @@ msgstr "dùng tên đư�ng dẫn đầy đủ"
 msgid "list entire tree; not just current directory (implies --full-name)"
 msgstr "liệt kê cây mục tin; không chỉ thư mục hiện hành (ngụ ý --full-name)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:45
-msgid "git merge [options] [<commit>...]"
-msgstr "git merge [các-tùy-ch�n] [<commit>…]"
+#: builtin/mailsplit.c:241
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty mbox: '%s'"
+msgstr "mbox trống rỗng: “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:46
-msgid "git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
-msgstr "git merge [các-tùy-ch�n] <tin-nhắn> HEAD <commit>"
+#: builtin/merge.c:51
+msgid "git merge [<options>] [<commit>...]"
+msgstr "git merge [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<commit>…]"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:47
+#: builtin/merge.c:52
 msgid "git merge --abort"
 msgstr "git merge --abort"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:100
+#: builtin/merge.c:53
+msgid "git merge --continue"
+msgstr "git merge --continue"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:110
 msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
 msgstr "switch “m� yêu cầu một giá trị"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:137
+#: builtin/merge.c:147
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
 msgstr "Không tìm thấy chiến lược hòa trộn “%s�.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:138
+#: builtin/merge.c:148
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available strategies are:"
 msgstr "Các chiến lược sẵn sàng là:"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:143
+#: builtin/merge.c:153
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
 msgstr "Các chiến lược tùy chỉnh sẵn sàng là:"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:193
+#: builtin/merge.c:203 builtin/pull.c:142
 msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
 msgstr "không hiển thị thống kê khác biệt tại cuối của lần hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:196
+#: builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/pull.c:145
 msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
 msgstr "hiển thị thống kê khác biệt tại cuối của hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:197
+#: builtin/merge.c:207 builtin/pull.c:148
 msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
 msgstr "(đồng nghĩa với --stat)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:199
+#: builtin/merge.c:209 builtin/pull.c:151
 msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
 msgstr "thêm (ít nhất <n>) mục từ shortlog cho ghi chú chuyển giao hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:202
+#: builtin/merge.c:212 builtin/pull.c:157
 msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
 msgstr "tạo một lần chuyển giao đưon thay vì thực hiện việc hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:204
+#: builtin/merge.c:214 builtin/pull.c:160
 msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
 msgstr "thực hiện chuyển giao nếu hòa trộn thành công (mặc định)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:206
+#: builtin/merge.c:216 builtin/pull.c:163
 msgid "edit message before committing"
 msgstr "sửa chú thích trước khi chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:207
+#: builtin/merge.c:217
 msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
-msgstr "cho phép fast-forward (mặc định)"
+msgstr "cho phép chuyển-tiếp-nhanh (mặc định)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:209
+#: builtin/merge.c:219 builtin/pull.c:169
 msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
-msgstr "b� qua nếu fast-forward không thể được"
+msgstr "b� qua nếu chuyển-tiếp-nhanh không thể được"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:213
-msgid "Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
-msgstr "Thẩm tra xem lần chuyển giao có tên đó có chữ ký GPG hợp lệ hay không"
+#: builtin/merge.c:223 builtin/pull.c:172
+msgid "verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+msgstr "thẩm tra xem lần chuyển giao có tên đó có chữ ký GPG hợp lệ hay không"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:214 builtin/notes.c:753 builtin/revert.c:89
+#: builtin/merge.c:224 builtin/notes.c:777 builtin/pull.c:176
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "strategy"
 msgstr "chiến lược"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:215
+#: builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/pull.c:177
 msgid "merge strategy to use"
 msgstr "chiến lược hòa trộn sẽ dùng"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:216
+#: builtin/merge.c:226 builtin/pull.c:180
 msgid "option=value"
 msgstr "tùy_ch�n=giá_trị"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:217
+#: builtin/merge.c:227 builtin/pull.c:181
 msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
 msgstr "tùy ch�n cho chiến lược hòa trộn đã ch�n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:219
+#: builtin/merge.c:229
 msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
 msgstr ""
-"hòa trộn ghi chú của lần chuyển giao (dành cho hòa trộn non-fast-forward)"
+"hòa trộn ghi chú của lần chuyển giao (dành cho hòa trộn không-chuyển-tiếp-"
+"nhanh)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:223
+#: builtin/merge.c:233
 msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
 msgstr "bãi b� quá trình hòa trộn hiện tại đang thực hiện"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:251
+#: builtin/merge.c:235
+msgid "continue the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "tiếp tục quá trình hòa trộn hiện tại đang thực hiện"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:237 builtin/pull.c:188
+msgid "allow merging unrelated histories"
+msgstr "cho phép hòa trộn lịch sử không liên quan"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:243
+msgid "verify commit-msg hook"
+msgstr "thẩm tra móc (hook) commit-msg"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:268
 msgid "could not run stash."
 msgstr "không thể chạy stash."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:256
+#: builtin/merge.c:273
 msgid "stash failed"
-msgstr "stash gặp lỗi"
+msgstr "lệnh tạm cất gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:261
+#: builtin/merge.c:278
 #, c-format
 msgid "not a valid object: %s"
 msgstr "không phải là một đối tượng hợp lệ: %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:280 builtin/merge.c:297
+#: builtin/merge.c:300 builtin/merge.c:317
 msgid "read-tree failed"
 msgstr "read-tree gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:327
+#: builtin/merge.c:347
 msgid " (nothing to squash)"
 msgstr " (không có gì để squash)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:340
+#: builtin/merge.c:358
 #, c-format
 msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr "Squash commit -- không cập nhật HEAD\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:372
-msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "�ang ghi SQUASH_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:374
-msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "Hoàn thành SQUASH_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:397
+#: builtin/merge.c:408
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr "Không có l�i chú thích hòa trộn -- nên không cập nhật HEAD\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:447
+#: builtin/merge.c:458
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
 msgstr "“%s� không chỉ đến một lần chuyển giao nào cả"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:559
+#: builtin/merge.c:548
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
 msgstr "Chuá»—i branch.%s.mergeoptions sai: %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:654
-msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
-msgstr "lệnh git write-tree gặp lỗi khi ghi một cây"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:678
+#: builtin/merge.c:669
 msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
 msgstr "Không cầm nắm gì ngoài hai head hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:692
+#: builtin/merge.c:683
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
 msgstr "Không hiểu tùy ch�n cho merge-recursive: -X%s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:705
+#: builtin/merge.c:698
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write %s"
 msgstr "không thể ghi %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:794
+#: builtin/merge.c:749
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể đ�c từ “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:803
+#: builtin/merge.c:758
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Vẫn chưa hòa trộn các lần chuyển giao; sử dụng lệnh “git commit� để hoàn tất "
 "việc hòa trộn.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:809
+#: builtin/merge.c:764
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
@@ -7090,50 +11030,71 @@ msgstr ""
 "rá»—ng\n"
 "sẽ hủy b� lần chuyển giao.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:833
+#: builtin/merge.c:800
 msgid "Empty commit message."
 msgstr "Chú thích của lần commit (chuyển giao) bị trống rỗng."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:845
+#: builtin/merge.c:819
 #, c-format
 msgid "Wonderful.\n"
-msgstr "Thần kỳ.\n"
+msgstr "Tuyệt v�i.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:900
+#: builtin/merge.c:872
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Việc tự động hòa trộn gặp lỗi; hãy sửa các xung đột sau đó chuyển giao kết "
 "quả.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:916
-#, c-format
-msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
-msgstr "%s không phải là một lần commit (chuyển giao)"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:957
+#: builtin/merge.c:911
 msgid "No current branch."
 msgstr "không phải nhánh hiện hành"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:959
+#: builtin/merge.c:913
 msgid "No remote for the current branch."
 msgstr "Không có máy chủ cho nhánh hiện hành."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:961
+#: builtin/merge.c:915
 msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
 msgstr "Không có thượng nguồn mặc định được định nghĩa cho nhánh hiện hành."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:966
+#: builtin/merge.c:920
 #, c-format
 msgid "No remote-tracking branch for %s from %s"
 msgstr "Không nhánh mạng theo dõi cho %s từ %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1122
+#: builtin/merge.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad value '%s' in environment '%s'"
+msgstr "Giá trị sai “%s� trong biến môi trư�ng “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1075
+#, c-format
+msgid "not something we can merge in %s: %s"
+msgstr "không phải là một thứ gì đó mà chúng tôi có thể hòa trộn trong %s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1109
+msgid "not something we can merge"
+msgstr "không phải là thứ gì đó mà chúng tôi có thể hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1211
+msgid "--abort expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--abort không nhận các đối số"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1215
 msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
 msgstr ""
 "Ở đây không có lần hòa trộn nào được hủy b� giữa chừng cả (thiếu MERGE_HEAD)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1138
+#: builtin/merge.c:1227
+msgid "--continue expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--continue không nhận đối số"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1231
+msgid "There is no merge in progress (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "Ở đây không có lần hòa trộn nào đang được xử lý cả (thiếu MERGE_HEAD)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1247
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you merge."
@@ -7141,11 +11102,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Bạn chưa kết thúc việc hòa trộn (MERGE_HEAD vẫn tồn tại).\n"
 "Hãy chuyển giao các thay đổi trước khi bạn có thể hòa trộn."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1141 git-pull.sh:34
-msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
-msgstr "Bạn chưa kết thúc việc hòa trộng (MERGE_HEAD vẫn tồn tại)."
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1145
+#: builtin/merge.c:1254
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you merge."
@@ -7153,156 +11110,168 @@ msgstr ""
 "Bạn chưa kết thúc việc cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD vẫn tồn tại).\n"
 "Hãy chuyển giao các thay đổi trước khi bạn có thể hòa trộn."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1148
+#: builtin/merge.c:1257
 msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr "Bạn chưa kết thúc việc cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD vẫn tồn tại)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1157
+#: builtin/merge.c:1266
 msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
 msgstr "Bạn không thể kết hợp --squash với --no-ff."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1166
+#: builtin/merge.c:1274
 msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
 msgstr "Không chỉ ra lần chuyển giao và merge.defaultToUpstream chưa được đặt."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1198
-msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
-msgstr ""
-"Không thể hòa trộn một cách đúng đắn một lần chuyển giao vào một head rỗng"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1201
+#: builtin/merge.c:1291
 msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
 msgstr "Squash commit vào một head trống rỗng vẫn chưa được hỗ trợ"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1203
+#: builtin/merge.c:1293
 msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
 msgstr ""
-"Chuyển giao không-fast-forward không hợp lý ở trong một head trống rỗng"
+"Chuyển giao không-chuyển-tiếp-nhanh không hợp lý ở trong một head trống rỗng"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1208
+#: builtin/merge.c:1298
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
-msgstr "%s - không phải là một số thứ chúng tôi có thể hòa trộn"
+msgstr "%s - không phải là thứ gì đó mà chúng tôi có thể hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1259
+#: builtin/merge.c:1300
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể hòa trộn một cách đúng đắn một lần chuyển giao vào một head rỗng"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1334
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, allegedly by %s."
 msgstr ""
 "Lần chuyển giao %s có một chữ ký GPG không đáng tin, được cho là bởi %s."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1262
+#: builtin/merge.c:1337
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has a bad GPG signature allegedly by %s."
 msgstr "Lần chuyển giao %s có một chữ ký GPG sai, được cho là bởi %s."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1265
+#: builtin/merge.c:1340
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."
 msgstr "Lần chuyển giao %s không có chữ ký GPG."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1268
+#: builtin/merge.c:1343
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"
 msgstr "Lần chuyển giao %s có một chữ ký GPG tốt bởi %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1349
+#: builtin/merge.c:1402
+msgid "refusing to merge unrelated histories"
+msgstr "từ chối hòa trộn lịch sử không liên quan"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1411
+msgid "Already up to date."
+msgstr "�ã cập nhật rồi."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1421
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
 msgstr "�ang cập nhật %s..%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1388
+#: builtin/merge.c:1462
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
 msgstr "�ang thử hòa trộn kiểu “trivial in-index�…\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1395
+#: builtin/merge.c:1469
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nope.\n"
 msgstr "Không.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1427
+#: builtin/merge.c:1494
+msgid "Already up to date. Yeeah!"
+msgstr "�ã cập nhật rồi. Yeeah!"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1500
 msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
-msgstr "Thực hiện lệnh fast-forward là không thể được, đang b� qua."
+msgstr "Thực hiện lệnh chuyển-tiếp-nhanh là không thể được, đang b� qua."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1450 builtin/merge.c:1529
+#: builtin/merge.c:1523 builtin/merge.c:1602
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
 msgstr "�ang tua lại cây thành th�i xa xưa…\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1454
+#: builtin/merge.c:1527
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
 msgstr "�ang thử chiến lược hòa trộn %s…\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1520
+#: builtin/merge.c:1593
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
 msgstr "Không có chiến lược hòa trộn nào được nắm giữ (handle) sự hòa trộn.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1522
+#: builtin/merge.c:1595
 #, c-format
 msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
 msgstr "Hòa trộn với chiến lược %s gặp lỗi.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1531
+#: builtin/merge.c:1604
 #, c-format
 msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
 msgstr "Sử dụng %s để chuẩn bị giải quyết bằng tay.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1543
+#: builtin/merge.c:1616
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Hòa trộn tự động đã trở nên tốt; bị dừng trước khi việc chuyển giao được yêu "
 "cầu\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:29
-msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>..."
-msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <lần_chuyển_giao>…"
-
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:30
-msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>..."
-msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <lần_chuyển_giao>…"
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] <commit> <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] <lần_chuyển_giao> <lần_chuyển_giao>…"
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:31
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <lần_chuyển_giao>…"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
 msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
 msgstr "git merge-base --independent <lần_chuyển_giao>…"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
 msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
 msgstr "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <lần_chuyển_giao>"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:34
 msgid "git merge-base --fork-point <ref> [<commit>]"
 msgstr "git merge-base --fork-point <tham-chiếu> [<lần_chuyển_giao>]"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:214
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
 msgid "output all common ancestors"
 msgstr "xuất ra tất cả các ông bà, tổ tiên chung"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:216
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
 msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
 msgstr "tìm tổ tiên của hòa trộn n-way đơn"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:218
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:224
 msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
 msgstr "liệt kê các “rev� mà nó không thể đ�c được từ cái khác"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:226
 msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
 msgstr "là cha mẹ đầu tiên của cái khác?"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:228
 msgid "find where <commit> forked from reflog of <ref>"
 msgstr "tìm xem <commit> được rẽ nhánh ở đâu từ reflog của <th.chiếu>"
 
-#: builtin/merge-file.c:8
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:9
 msgid ""
-"git merge-file [options] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file "
-"file2"
+"git merge-file [<options>] [-L <name1> [-L <orig> [-L <name2>]]] <file1> "
+"<orig-file> <file2>"
 msgstr ""
-"git merge-file [các-tùy-ch�n] [-L tên1 [-L gốc [-L tên2]]] tập-tin1 tập-tin-"
-"gốc tập-tin2"
+"git merge-file [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [-L <tên1> [-L <gốc> [-L <tên2>]]] <tập-"
+"tin1> <tập-tin-gốc> <tập-tin2>"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:33
 msgid "send results to standard output"
@@ -7333,381 +11302,416 @@ msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
 msgstr "không cảnh báo v� các xung đột xảy ra"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:45
-msgid "set labels for file1/orig_file/file2"
+msgid "set labels for file1/orig-file/file2"
 msgstr "đặt nhãn cho tập-tin-1/tập-tin-gốc/tập-tin-2"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:64
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:45
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option %s"
+msgstr "không hiểu tùy ch�n %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:51
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích đối tượng “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:55
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d base. Ignoring %s."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d bases. Ignoring %s."
+msgstr[0] "không thể xử lý nhi�u hơn %d n�n. B� qua %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:63
+msgid "not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "không cầm nắm gì ngoài hai head hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:69 builtin/merge-recursive.c:71
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve ref '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể phân giải tham chiếu %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merging %s with %s\n"
+msgstr "�ang hòa trộn %s với %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:65
 msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
 msgstr "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:150
+#: builtin/mktree.c:153
 msgid "input is NUL terminated"
 msgstr "đầu vào được chấm dứt bởi NUL"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:151 builtin/write-tree.c:24
+#: builtin/mktree.c:154 builtin/write-tree.c:25
 msgid "allow missing objects"
 msgstr "cho phép thiếu đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:152
+#: builtin/mktree.c:155
 msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
 msgstr "cho phép tạo nhi�u hơn một cây"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:15
-msgid "git mv [options] <source>... <destination>"
-msgstr "git mv [các-tùy-ch�n] <nguồn>… <đích>"
+#: builtin/mv.c:17
+msgid "git mv [<options>] <source>... <destination>"
+msgstr "git mv [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <nguồn>… <đích>"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:69
+#: builtin/mv.c:82
 #, c-format
 msgid "Directory %s is in index and no submodule?"
 msgstr "Thư mục “%s� có ở trong chỉ mục mà không có mô-đun con?"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:71
+#: builtin/mv.c:84 builtin/rm.c:288
 msgid "Please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
 msgstr ""
 "Hãy đưa các thay đổi của bạn vào .gitmodules hay tạm cất chúng đi để xử lý"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:89
+#: builtin/mv.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "%.*s is in index"
 msgstr "%.*s trong bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:111
+#: builtin/mv.c:124
 msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
 msgstr "ép buộc di chuyển hay đổi tên thậm chí cả khi đích đã tồn tại"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:112
+#: builtin/mv.c:126
 msgid "skip move/rename errors"
 msgstr "b� qua các lỗi liên quan đến di chuyển, đổi tên"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:151
+#: builtin/mv.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination '%s' is not a directory"
 msgstr "có đích “%s� nhưng đây không phải là một thư mục"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:162
+#: builtin/mv.c:179
 #, c-format
 msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
 msgstr "�ang kiểm tra việc đổi tên của “%s� thành “%s�\n"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:166
+#: builtin/mv.c:183
 msgid "bad source"
 msgstr "nguồn sai"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:169
+#: builtin/mv.c:186
 msgid "can not move directory into itself"
 msgstr "không thể di chuyển một thư mục vào trong chính nó được"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:172
+#: builtin/mv.c:189
 msgid "cannot move directory over file"
 msgstr "không di chuyển được thư mục thông qua tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#: builtin/mv.c:198
 msgid "source directory is empty"
 msgstr "thư mục nguồn là trống rỗng"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:206
+#: builtin/mv.c:223
 msgid "not under version control"
 msgstr "không nằm dưới sự quản lý mã nguồn"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:209
+#: builtin/mv.c:226
 msgid "destination exists"
 msgstr "đích đã tồn tại sẵn rồi"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:217
+#: builtin/mv.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "overwriting '%s'"
 msgstr "đang ghi đè lên “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:220
+#: builtin/mv.c:237
 msgid "Cannot overwrite"
 msgstr "Không thể ghi đè"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:223
+#: builtin/mv.c:240
 msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
 msgstr "Nhi�u nguồn cho cùng một đích"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:225
+#: builtin/mv.c:242
 msgid "destination directory does not exist"
 msgstr "thư mục đích không tồn tại"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:232
+#: builtin/mv.c:249
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
 msgstr "%s, nguồn=%s, đích=%s"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:253
+#: builtin/mv.c:270
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
 msgstr "�ổi tên %s thành %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:256 builtin/remote.c:728 builtin/repack.c:355
+#: builtin/mv.c:276 builtin/remote.c:715 builtin/repack.c:409
 #, c-format
 msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đổi tên “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:255
-msgid "git name-rev [options] <commit>..."
-msgstr "git name-rev [các-tùy-ch�n] <commit>…"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:338
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git name-rev [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <commit>…"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:256
-msgid "git name-rev [options] --all"
-msgstr "git name-rev [các-tùy-ch�n] --all"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:339
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --all"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<các-tùy-ch�n>] --all"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:257
-msgid "git name-rev [options] --stdin"
-msgstr "git name-rev [các-tùy-ch�n] --stdin"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:340
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --stdin"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<các-tùy-ch�n>] --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:309
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:395
 msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị tên (không SHA-1)"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:310
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:396
 msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
 msgstr "chỉ dùng các thẻ để đặt tên cho các lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:312
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:398
 msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
 msgstr "chỉ sử dụng các tham chiếu khớp với <mẫu>"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:314
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:400
+msgid "ignore refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "b� qua các tham chiếu khớp với <mẫu>"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:402
 msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
 msgstr ""
 "liệt kê tất cả các lần chuyển giao có thể đ�c được từ tất cả các tham chiếu"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:315
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:403
 msgid "read from stdin"
 msgstr "đ�c từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:316
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:404
 msgid "allow to print `undefined` names (default)"
 msgstr "cho phép in các tên “chưa định nghĩa� (mặc định)"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:322
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:410
 msgid "dereference tags in the input (internal use)"
 msgstr "bãi b� tham chiếu các thẻ trong đầu vào (dùng nội bộ)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:24
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<đối-tượng>]]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:26
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] [list [<đối-tượng>]]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:25
+#: builtin/notes.c:27
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
 "| (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <l�i-nhắn> | -F "
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <l�i-nhắn> | -F "
 "<tập-tin> | (-c | -C) <đối-tượng>] [<đối-tượng>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:26
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <từ-đối-tượng> <đến-đối-tượng>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:28
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] copy [-f] <từ-đối-tượng> <đến-đối-tượng>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:27
+#: builtin/notes.c:29
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
 "(-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <l�i-nhắn> | -F "
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <l�i-nhắn> | -F "
 "<tập-tin> | (-c | -C) <đối-tượng>] [<đối-tượng>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:28
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<đối-tượng>]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:30
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<đối-tượng>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:29
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<đối-tượng>]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:31
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] show [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] show [<đối-tượng>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:30
+#: builtin/notes.c:32
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>"
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy>] <notes-ref>"
 msgstr ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <chiến-lược> ] <notes_ref>"
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <chiến-lược> ] <notes-ref>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:31
+#: builtin/notes.c:33
 msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:32
+#: builtin/notes.c:34
 msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:33
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<object>...]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<đối-tượng>…]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:35
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] remove [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] remove [<đối-tượng>…]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:34
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:36
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] prune [-n] [-v]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] prune [-n] [-v]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:35
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref"
+#: builtin/notes.c:37
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] get-ref"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:40
+#: builtin/notes.c:42
 msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
 msgstr "git notes [list [<đối tượng>]]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:45
+#: builtin/notes.c:47
 msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes add [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<đối-tượng>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:50
+#: builtin/notes.c:52
 msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
 msgstr "git notes copy [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <từ-đối-tượng> <đến-đối-tượng>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:51
+#: builtin/notes.c:53
 msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
 msgstr "git notes copy --stdin [<từ-đối-tượng> <đến-đối-tượng>]…"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:56
+#: builtin/notes.c:58
 msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes append [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<đối-tượng>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:61
+#: builtin/notes.c:63
 msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes edit [<đối tượng>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:66
+#: builtin/notes.c:68
 msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes show [<đối tượng>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:71
-msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes_ref>"
-msgstr "git notes merge [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <notes_ref>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:73
+msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes-ref>"
+msgstr "git notes merge [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <notes-ref>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:72
+#: builtin/notes.c:74
 msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --commit [<các-tùy-ch�n>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:73
+#: builtin/notes.c:75
 msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --abort [<các-tùy-ch�n>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:78
+#: builtin/notes.c:80
 msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes remove [<đối tượng>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:83
+#: builtin/notes.c:85
 msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes prune [<các-tùy-ch�n>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:88
+#: builtin/notes.c:90
 msgid "git notes get-ref"
 msgstr "git notes get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:146
+#: builtin/notes.c:95
+msgid "Write/edit the notes for the following object:"
+msgstr "Ghi hay sửa ghi chú cho đối tượng sau đây:"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:148
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể khởi chạy “show� cho đối tượng “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:150
+#: builtin/notes.c:152
 msgid "could not read 'show' output"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c kết xuất “show�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:158
+#: builtin/notes.c:160
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi hoàn thành “show� cho đối tượng “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:173 builtin/tag.c:477
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not create file '%s'"
-msgstr "không thể tạo tập tin “%s�"
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:192
-msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+#: builtin/notes.c:195
+msgid "please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
 msgstr ""
-"Xin hãy áp dụng nội dung của ghi chú sử dụng hoặc là tùy ch�n -m hoặc là -F"
+"xin hãy áp dụng nội dung của ghi chú sử dụng hoặc là tùy ch�n -m hoặc là -F"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:201
+#: builtin/notes.c:204
 msgid "unable to write note object"
 msgstr "không thể ghi đối tượng ghi chú (note)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:203
+#: builtin/notes.c:206
 #, c-format
-msgid "The note contents have been left in %s"
-msgstr "Nội dung ghi chú còn lại %s"
+msgid "the note contents have been left in %s"
+msgstr "nội dung ghi chú còn lại %s"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:231 builtin/tag.c:693
+#: builtin/notes.c:234 builtin/tag.c:507
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:233 builtin/tag.c:696
+#: builtin/notes.c:236 builtin/tag.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể mở hay đ�c “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:252 builtin/notes.c:303 builtin/notes.c:305
-#: builtin/notes.c:365 builtin/notes.c:420 builtin/notes.c:506
-#: builtin/notes.c:511 builtin/notes.c:589 builtin/notes.c:652
-#: builtin/notes.c:854 builtin/tag.c:709
+#: builtin/notes.c:255 builtin/notes.c:306 builtin/notes.c:308
+#: builtin/notes.c:376 builtin/notes.c:431 builtin/notes.c:517
+#: builtin/notes.c:522 builtin/notes.c:600 builtin/notes.c:662
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
-msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân giải “%s� như là một tham chiếu hợp lệ."
+msgid "failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi phân giải “%s� như là một tham chiếu hợp lệ."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:255
+#: builtin/notes.c:258
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
-msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đ�c đối tượng “%s�."
+msgid "failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đ�c đối tượng “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:259
+#: builtin/notes.c:262
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
+msgid "cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
 msgstr "không thể đ�c dữ liệu ghi chú từ đối tượng không-blob “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:299
+#: builtin/notes.c:302
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
-msgstr "Dòng đầu vào dị hình: “%s�."
+msgid "malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "dòng đầu vào dị hình: “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:314
+#: builtin/notes.c:317
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi sao chép ghi chú (note) từ “%s� tới “%s�"
+msgid "failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi sao chép ghi chú (note) từ “%s� sang “%s�"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the first %s will be replaced by a git
+#. notes command: 'add', 'merge', 'remove', etc.
+#.
+#: builtin/notes.c:349
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to %s notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "từ chối %s ghi chú trong %s (nằm ngoài refs/notes/)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:358 builtin/notes.c:413 builtin/notes.c:489
-#: builtin/notes.c:501 builtin/notes.c:577 builtin/notes.c:645
-#: builtin/notes.c:919
+#: builtin/notes.c:369 builtin/notes.c:424 builtin/notes.c:500
+#: builtin/notes.c:512 builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:655
+#: builtin/notes.c:805 builtin/notes.c:952 builtin/notes.c:973
 msgid "too many parameters"
 msgstr "quá nhi�u đối số"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:371 builtin/notes.c:658
+#: builtin/notes.c:382 builtin/notes.c:668
 #, c-format
-msgid "No note found for object %s."
+msgid "no note found for object %s."
 msgstr "không tìm thấy ghi chú cho đối tượng %s."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:392 builtin/notes.c:555
+#: builtin/notes.c:403 builtin/notes.c:566
 msgid "note contents as a string"
 msgstr "nội dung ghi chú (note) nằm trong một chuỗi"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:395 builtin/notes.c:558
+#: builtin/notes.c:406 builtin/notes.c:569
 msgid "note contents in a file"
 msgstr "nội dung ghi chú (note) nằm trong một tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:397 builtin/notes.c:400 builtin/notes.c:560
-#: builtin/notes.c:563 builtin/tag.c:628
-msgid "object"
-msgstr "đối tượng"
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:398 builtin/notes.c:561
+#: builtin/notes.c:409 builtin/notes.c:572
 msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
 msgstr "dùng lại nhưng có sửa chữa đối tượng note đã chỉ ra"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:401 builtin/notes.c:564
+#: builtin/notes.c:412 builtin/notes.c:575
 msgid "reuse specified note object"
 msgstr "dùng lại đối tượng ghi chú (note) đã chỉ ra"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:404 builtin/notes.c:567
+#: builtin/notes.c:415 builtin/notes.c:578
 msgid "allow storing empty note"
 msgstr "cho lưu trữ ghi chú trống rỗng"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:476
+#: builtin/notes.c:416 builtin/notes.c:487
 msgid "replace existing notes"
 msgstr "thay thế ghi chú trước"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:430
+#: builtin/notes.c:441
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
@@ -7716,29 +11720,29 @@ msgstr ""
 "Không thể thêm các ghi chú. �ã tìm thấy các ghi chú đã có sẵn cho đối tượng "
 "%s. Sử dụng tùy ch�n “-f� để ghi đè lên các ghi chú cũ"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:445 builtin/notes.c:524
+#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:535
 #, c-format
 msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
 msgstr "�ang ghi đè lên ghi chú cũ cho đối tượng %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:617 builtin/notes.c:859
+#: builtin/notes.c:467 builtin/notes.c:627 builtin/notes.c:892
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
 msgstr "�ang gỡ b� ghi chú (note) cho đối tượng %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:477
+#: builtin/notes.c:488
 msgid "read objects from stdin"
 msgstr "đ�c các đối tượng từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:479
+#: builtin/notes.c:490
 msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
 msgstr "tải cấu hình chép lại cho <lệnh> (ngầm định là --stdin)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:497
+#: builtin/notes.c:508
 msgid "too few parameters"
 msgstr "quá ít đối số"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:518
+#: builtin/notes.c:529
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
@@ -7747,12 +11751,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "Không thể sao chép các ghi chú. �ã tìm thấy các ghi chú đã có sẵn cho đối "
 "tượng %s. Sử dụng tùy ch�n “-f� để ghi đè lên các ghi chú cũ"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:530
+#: builtin/notes.c:541
 #, c-format
-msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
-msgstr "Thiếu ghi chú trên đối tượng nguồn %s. Không thể sao chép."
+msgid "missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr "thiếu ghi chú trên đối tượng nguồn %s. Không thể sao chép."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:582
+#: builtin/notes.c:593
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
@@ -7761,15 +11765,52 @@ msgstr ""
 "Các tùy ch�n -m/-F/-c/-C đã cổ không còn dùng nữa cho lệnh con “edit�.\n"
 "Xin hãy sử dụng lệnh sau để thay thế: “git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C�.\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:750
+#: builtin/notes.c:688
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi xóa tham chiếu NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:690
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi xóa tham chiếu NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:692
+msgid "failed to remove 'git notes merge' worktree"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi gỡ b� cây làm việc “git notes merge�"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:712
+msgid "failed to read ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đ�c tham chiếu NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:714
+msgid "could not find commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "không thể tìm thấy lần chuyển giao từ NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:716
+msgid "could not parse commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "không thể phân tích cú pháp lần chuyển giao từ NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:729
+msgid "failed to resolve NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi phân giải NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:732
+msgid "failed to finalize notes merge"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi hoàn thành hòa trộn ghi chú"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown notes merge strategy %s"
+msgstr "không hiểu chiến lược hòa trộn ghi chú %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:774
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Tùy ch�n chung"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:752
+#: builtin/notes.c:776
 msgid "Merge options"
 msgstr "Tùy ch�n v� hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:754
+#: builtin/notes.c:778
 msgid ""
 "resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
 "cat_sort_uniq)"
@@ -7777,289 +11818,558 @@ msgstr ""
 "phân giải các xung đột “notes� sử dụng chiến lược đã đưa ra (manual/ours/"
 "theirs/union/cat_sort_uniq)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:756
+#: builtin/notes.c:780
 msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr "Chuyển giao các note chưa được hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#: builtin/notes.c:782
 msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr ""
 "các note cuối cùng được hòa trộn bởi các note chưa hòa trộn của lần chuyển "
 "giao"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:760
+#: builtin/notes.c:784
 msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
 msgstr "Hủy b� phân giải ghi chú (note) hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:762
+#: builtin/notes.c:786
 msgid "abort notes merge"
 msgstr "b� qua hòa trộn các ghi chú (note)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:857
+#: builtin/notes.c:797
+msgid "cannot mix --commit, --abort or -s/--strategy"
+msgstr "không thể trộn lẫn --commit, --abort hay -s/--strategy"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:802
+msgid "must specify a notes ref to merge"
+msgstr "bạn phải chỉ định tham chiếu ghi chú để hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:826
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown -s/--strategy: %s"
+msgstr "không hiểu -s/--strategy: %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:863
+#, c-format
+msgid "a notes merge into %s is already in-progress at %s"
+msgstr "một ghi chú hòa trộn vào %s đã sẵn trong quá trình xử lý tại %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to store link to current notes ref (%s)"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi lưu liên kết đến tham chiếu ghi chú hiện tại (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:868
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Automatic notes merge failed. Fix conflicts in %s and commit the result with "
+"'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with 'git notes merge --"
+"abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Gặp lỗi khi hòa trộn các ghi chú tự động. Sửa các xung đột này trong %s và "
+"chuyển giao kết quả bằng “git notes merge --commit�, hoặc bãi b� việc hòa "
+"trộn bằng “git notes merge --abort�.\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:890
 #, c-format
 msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
 msgstr "�ối tượng %s không có ghi chú (note)\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:869
+#: builtin/notes.c:902
 msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
 msgstr "cố gắng gỡ b� một note chưa từng tồn tại không phải là một lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:872
+#: builtin/notes.c:905
 msgid "read object names from the standard input"
 msgstr "đ�c tên đối tượng từ thiết bị nhập chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:953
+#: builtin/notes.c:943 builtin/prune.c:107 builtin/worktree.c:151
+msgid "do not remove, show only"
+msgstr "không gỡ b�, chỉ hiển thị"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:944
+msgid "report pruned notes"
+msgstr "báo cáo các đối tượng đã prune"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:986
 msgid "notes-ref"
 msgstr "notes-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:954
-msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
-msgstr "dùng “notes� từ <notes_ref>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:987
+msgid "use notes from <notes-ref>"
+msgstr "dùng “notes� từ <notes-ref>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:989 builtin/remote.c:1621
+#: builtin/notes.c:1022
 #, c-format
-msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
-msgstr "Không hiểu câu lệnh con: %s"
+msgid "unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "không hiểu câu lệnh con: %s"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:28
-msgid "git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:48
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<options>...] [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git pack-objects --stdout [các-tùy-ch�n…] [< danh-sách-ref | < danh-sách-đối-"
-"tượng]"
+"git pack-objects --stdout [các-tùy-ch�n…] [< <danh-sách-tham-chiếu> | < "
+"<danh-sách-đối-tượng>]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:29
-msgid "git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:49
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects [<options>...] <base-name> [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git pack-objects [các-tùy-ch�n…] base-name [< danh-sách-ref | < danh-sách-"
-"đối-tượng]"
+"git pack-objects [các-tùy-ch�n…] <base-name> [< <danh-sách-ref> | < <danh-"
+"sách-đối-tượng>]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:177 builtin/pack-objects.c:180
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:211 builtin/pack-objects.c:214
 #, c-format
 msgid "deflate error (%d)"
 msgstr "lỗi giải nén (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:773
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:810
+msgid "disabling bitmap writing, packs are split due to pack.packSizeLimit"
+msgstr "tắt ghi bitmap, các gói bị chia nh� bởi vì pack.packSizeLimit"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:823
 msgid "Writing objects"
 msgstr "�ang ghi lại các đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1015
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1106
 msgid "disabling bitmap writing, as some objects are not being packed"
 msgstr "tắt ghi bitmap, như vậy một số đối tượng sẽ không được đóng gói"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2175
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1765
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "�ang đếm các đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1895
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to get size of %s"
+msgstr "không thể lấy kích cỡ của %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1910
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse object header of %s"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích phần đầu đối tượng của “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2564
 msgid "Compressing objects"
 msgstr "�ang nén các đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2572
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2735
+msgid "invalid value for --missing"
+msgstr "giá trị cho --missing không hợp lệ"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3067
 #, c-format
 msgid "unsupported index version %s"
 msgstr "phiên bản mục lục không được hỗ trợ %s"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2576
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3071
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad index version '%s'"
 msgstr "phiên bản mục lục sai “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2599
-#, c-format
-msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
-msgstr "tùy ch�n %s không chấp nhận dạng thức âm"
-
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2603
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
-msgstr "không thể phân tích giá trị “%s� cho tùy ch�n %s"
-
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2623
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3102
 msgid "do not show progress meter"
 msgstr "không hiển thị bộ đo tiến trình"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2625
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3104
 msgid "show progress meter"
 msgstr "hiển thị bộ đo tiến trình"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2627
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3106
 msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
 msgstr "hiển thị bộ đo tiến triển trong suốt pha ghi đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2630
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3109
 msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
 msgstr "tương tự --all-progress khi bộ đo tiến trình được xuất hiện"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2631
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3110
 msgid "version[,offset]"
 msgstr "phiên bản[,offset]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2632
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3111
 msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
 msgstr "ghi tập tin bảng mục lục gói (pack) ở phiên bản định dạng idx đã cho"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2635
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3114
 msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
 msgstr "kcíh thước tối đa cho tập tin gói được tạo"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2637
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3116
 msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
 msgstr "b� qua các đối tượng vay mượn từ kho đối tượng thay thế"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2639
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3118
 msgid "ignore packed objects"
 msgstr "b� qua các đối tượng đóng gói"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2641
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3120
 msgid "limit pack window by objects"
 msgstr "giới hạn cửa sổ đóng gói theo đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2643
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3122
 msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
 msgstr "giới hạn cửa sổ đóng gói theo bộ nhớ cộng thêm với giới hạn đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2645
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3124
 msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
 msgstr "độ dài tối đa của chuỗi móc xích “delta� được phép trong gói kết quả"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2647
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3126
 msgid "reuse existing deltas"
 msgstr "dùng lại các delta sẵn có"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2649
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3128
 msgid "reuse existing objects"
 msgstr "dùng lại các đối tượng sẵn có"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2651
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3130
 msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
 msgstr "dùng các đối tượng OFS_DELTA"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2653
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3132
 msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
 msgstr "sử dụng các tuyến trình khi tìm kiếm cho các mẫu khớp delta tốt nhất"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2655
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3134
 msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
 msgstr "không thể tạo kết xuất gói trống rỗng"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2657
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3136
 msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
 msgstr " đ�c tham số “revision� từ thiết bị nhập chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2659
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3138
 msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
 msgstr "giới hạn các đối tượng thành những cái mà chúng vẫn chưa được đóng gói"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2662
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3141
 msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
 msgstr "bao gồm các đối tượng có thể đ�c được từ bất kỳ tham chiếu nào"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2665
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3144
 msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
 msgstr "bao gồm các đối tượng được tham chiếu bởi các mục reflog"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2668
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3147
 msgid "include objects referred to by the index"
 msgstr "bao gồm các đối tượng được tham chiếu bởi mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2671
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3150
 msgid "output pack to stdout"
 msgstr "xuất gói ra đầu ra tiêu chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2673
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3152
 msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
 msgstr "bao gồm các đối tượng tham chiếu đến các đối tượng được đóng gói"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2675
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3154
 msgid "keep unreachable objects"
 msgstr "giữ lại các đối tượng không thể đ�c được"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2676 parse-options.h:140
-msgid "time"
-msgstr "th�i-gian"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3156
+msgid "pack loose unreachable objects"
+msgstr "pack mất các đối tượng không thể đ�c được"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2677
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3158
 msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
 msgstr ""
 "xả nén (gỡ kh�i gói) các đối tượng không thể đ�c được mới hơn <th�i-gian>"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2680
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3161
 msgid "create thin packs"
 msgstr "tạo gói nhẹ"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2682
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3163
 msgid "create packs suitable for shallow fetches"
 msgstr "tạo gói để phù hợp cho lấy v� nông (shallow)"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2684
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3165
 msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
 msgstr "b� qua các gói mà nó có tập tin .keep đi kèm"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2686
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3167
+msgid "ignore this pack"
+msgstr "b� qua gói này"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3169
 msgid "pack compression level"
 msgstr "mức nén gói"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2688
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3171
 msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
 msgstr "không ẩn các lần chuyển giao bởi “grafts�"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2690
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3173
 msgid "use a bitmap index if available to speed up counting objects"
 msgstr "dùng mục lục ánh xạ nếu có thể được để nâng cao tốc độ đếm đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2692
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3175
 msgid "write a bitmap index together with the pack index"
 msgstr "ghi một mục lục ánh xạ cùng với mục lục gói"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2783
-msgid "Counting objects"
-msgstr "�ang đếm các đối tượng"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3178
+msgid "handling for missing objects"
+msgstr "xử lý cho thiếu đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/pack-refs.c:6
-msgid "git pack-refs [options]"
-msgstr "git pack-refs [các-tùy-ch�n]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3181
+msgid "do not pack objects in promisor packfiles"
+msgstr "không thể đóng gói các đối tượng trong các tập tin gói hứa hẹn"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3205
+#, c-format
+msgid "delta chain depth %d is too deep, forcing %d"
+msgstr "mức sau xích delta %d là quá sâu, buộc dùng %d"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3210
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack.deltaCacheLimit is too high, forcing %d"
+msgstr "pack.deltaCacheLimit là quá cao, ép dùng %d"
 
-#: builtin/pack-refs.c:14
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3338
+msgid "Enumerating objects"
+msgstr "�ánh số các đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:7
+msgid "git pack-refs [<options>]"
+msgstr "git pack-refs [<các-tùy-ch�n>]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
 msgid "pack everything"
 msgstr "đóng gói m�i thứ"
 
-#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:16
 msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
 msgstr "prune (cắt cụt) những tham chiếu bị mất (mặc định)"
 
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:7
-msgid "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
-msgstr "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:8
+msgid "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
+msgstr "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
 
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:40
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:41
 msgid "Removing duplicate objects"
 msgstr "�ang gỡ các đối tượng trùng lặp"
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:12
-msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
-msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <th�i-gian>] [--] [<head>…]"
+#: builtin/prune.c:11
+msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
+msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <th�i-gian>] [--] [<head>…]"
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:106
-msgid "do not remove, show only"
-msgstr "không gỡ b�, chỉ hiển thị"
-
-#: builtin/prune.c:107
+#: builtin/prune.c:108
 msgid "report pruned objects"
 msgstr "báo cáo các đối tượng đã prune"
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:110
+#: builtin/prune.c:111
 msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
 msgstr "các đối tượng hết hạn cũ hơn khoảng <th�i gian>"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:14
+#: builtin/prune.c:113
+msgid "limit traversal to objects outside promisor packfiles"
+msgstr "giới hạn giao đến các đối tượng nằm ngoài các tập tin gói hứa hẹn"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:127
+msgid "cannot prune in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "không thể tỉa bớt trong một kho đối_tượng_vĩ_đại"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:59 builtin/pull.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "Giá trị không hợp lệ %s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:81
+msgid "git pull [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git pull [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<kho-chứa> [<refspec>…]]"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:132
+msgid "control for recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr "đi�u khiển việc lấy v� đệ quy của các mô-đun-con"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:136
+msgid "Options related to merging"
+msgstr "Các tùy ch�n liên quan đến hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:139
+msgid "incorporate changes by rebasing rather than merging"
+msgstr "các thay đổi hợp nhất bằng cải tổ thay vì hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:166 builtin/rebase--helper.c:23 builtin/revert.c:121
+msgid "allow fast-forward"
+msgstr "cho phép chuyển-tiếp-nhanh"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:175
+msgid "automatically stash/stash pop before and after rebase"
+msgstr "tự động stash/stash pop tước và sau tu bổ (rebase)"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:191
+msgid "Options related to fetching"
+msgstr "Các tùy ch�n liên quan đến lệnh lấy v�"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:209
+msgid "number of submodules pulled in parallel"
+msgstr "số lượng mô-đun-con được đẩy lên đồng th�i"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for pull.ff: %s"
+msgstr "Giá trị không hợp lệ cho pull.ff: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:420
+msgid ""
+"There is no candidate for rebasing against among the refs that you just "
+"fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Ở đây không có ứng cử nào để cải tổ lại trong số các tham chiếu mà bạn vừa "
+"lấy v�."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:422
+msgid ""
+"There are no candidates for merging among the refs that you just fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Ở đây không có ứng cử nào để hòa trộn trong số các tham chiếu mà bạn vừa lấy "
+"v�."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:423
+msgid ""
+"Generally this means that you provided a wildcard refspec which had no\n"
+"matches on the remote end."
+msgstr ""
+"�ại thể đi�u này có nghĩa là bạn đã cung cấp đặc tả đư�ng dẫn dạng dùng ký "
+"tá»±\n"
+"đại diện mà nó lại không khớp trên điểm cuối máy phục vụ."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:426
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You asked to pull from the remote '%s', but did not specify\n"
+"a branch. Because this is not the default configured remote\n"
+"for your current branch, you must specify a branch on the command line."
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn yêu cầu pull từ máy dịch vụ “%s�, nhưng lại chưa chỉ định\n"
+"nhánh nào. Bởi vì đây không phải là máy dịch vụ được cấu hình\n"
+"theo mặc định cho nhánh hiện tại của bạn, bạn phải chỉ định\n"
+"một nhánh trên dòng lệnh."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:431 git-parse-remote.sh:73
+msgid "You are not currently on a branch."
+msgstr "Hiện tại bạn chẳng ở nhánh nào cả."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:433 builtin/pull.c:448 git-parse-remote.sh:79
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to rebase against."
+msgstr "Vui lòng chỉ định nhánh nào bạn muốn cải tổ lại."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:435 builtin/pull.c:450 git-parse-remote.sh:82
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to merge with."
+msgstr "Vui lòng chỉ định nhánh nào bạn muốn hòa trộn vào."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:436 builtin/pull.c:451
+msgid "See git-pull(1) for details."
+msgstr "Xem git-pull(1) để biết thêm chi tiết."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:438 builtin/pull.c:444 builtin/pull.c:453
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:64
+msgid "<remote>"
+msgstr "<máy chủ>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:438 builtin/pull.c:453 builtin/pull.c:458 git-rebase.sh:523
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:65
+msgid "<branch>"
+msgstr "<nhánh>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:446 git-parse-remote.sh:75
+msgid "There is no tracking information for the current branch."
+msgstr "Ở đây không có thông tin theo dõi cho nhánh hiện hành."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:455 git-parse-remote.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:"
+msgstr ""
+"Nếu bạn muốn theo dõi thông tin cho nhánh này bạn có thể thực hiện bằng lệnh:"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:460
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your configuration specifies to merge with the ref '%s'\n"
+"from the remote, but no such ref was fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Các đặc tả cấu hình của bạn để hòa trộn với tham chiếu “%s�\n"
+"từ máy dịch vụ, nhưng không có nhánh nào như thế được lấy v�."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:826
+msgid "ignoring --verify-signatures for rebase"
+msgstr "b� qua --verify-signatures khi rebase"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:874
+msgid "--[no-]autostash option is only valid with --rebase."
+msgstr "tùy ch�n --[no-]autostash chỉ hợp lệ khi dùng với --rebase."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:882
+msgid "Updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index."
+msgstr ""
+"�ang cập nhật một nhánh chưa được sinh ra với các thay đổi được thêm vào "
+"bảng mục lục."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:885
+msgid "pull with rebase"
+msgstr "pull vá»›i rebase"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:886
+msgid "please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "xin hãy chuyển giao hoặc tạm cất (stash) chúng."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:911
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"commit %s."
+msgstr ""
+"fetch đã cập nhật head nhánh hiện tại.\n"
+"đang chuyển-tiếp-nhanh cây làm việc của bạn từ\n"
+"lần chuyển giaot %s."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:916
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot fast-forward your working tree.\n"
+"After making sure that you saved anything precious from\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"output, run\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"to recover."
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể chuyển tiếp nhanh cây làm việc của bạn.\n"
+"Sau khi chắc chắn rằng mình đã ghi lại m�i thứ\n"
+"quý báu từ kết xuất của lệnh\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"chạy\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"để khôi phục lại."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:931
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head."
+msgstr "Không thể hòa trộn nhi�u nhánh vào trong một head trống rỗng."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:935
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches."
+msgstr "Không thể thực hiện lệnh rebase (cải tổ) trên nhi�u nhánh."
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:942
+msgid "cannot rebase with locally recorded submodule modifications"
+msgstr ""
+"không thể cải tổ với các thay đổi mô-đun-con được ghi lại một cách cục bộ"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:19
 msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
 msgstr "git push [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<kho-chứa> [<refspec>…]]"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:85
+#: builtin/push.c:111
 msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
-msgstr "dùng tốc ký tag không có <thẻ>"
+msgstr "dùng tốc ký thẻ không có <thẻ>"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:95
+#: builtin/push.c:121
 msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
 msgstr "--delete chỉ chấp nhận các tên tham chiếu dạng thư�ng"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:139
+#: builtin/push.c:165
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
@@ -8068,7 +12378,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "�ể ch�n mỗi tùy ch�n một cách cố định, xem push.default trong “git help "
 "config�."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:142
+#: builtin/push.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
@@ -8093,7 +12403,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "    git push %s %s\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:157
+#: builtin/push.c:183
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are not currently on a branch.\n"
@@ -8108,7 +12418,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push %s HEAD:<tên-của-nhánh-máy-chủ>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:171
+#: builtin/push.c:197
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
@@ -8122,12 +12432,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:179
+#: builtin/push.c:205
 #, c-format
 msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
 msgstr "Nhánh hiện tại %s có nhi�u nhánh thượng nguồn, từ chối push."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:182
+#: builtin/push.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
@@ -8139,60 +12449,14 @@ msgstr ""
 "nhánh hiện tại “%s� của bạn, mà không báo cho tôi biết là cái gì được push\n"
 "để cập nhật nhánh máy chủ nào."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:205
-msgid ""
-"push.default is unset; its implicit value has changed in\n"
-"Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
-"and maintain the traditional behavior, use:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-"\n"
-"To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-"\n"
-"When push.default is set to 'matching', git will push local branches\n"
-"to the remote branches that already exist with the same name.\n"
-"\n"
-"Since Git 2.0, Git defaults to the more conservative 'simple'\n"
-"behavior, which only pushes the current branch to the corresponding\n"
-"remote branch that 'git pull' uses to update the current branch.\n"
-"\n"
-"See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
-"information.\n"
-"(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
-"'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
-msgstr ""
-"biến push.default chưa được đặt; giá trị ngầm định của nó\n"
-"đã được thay đổi trong Git 2.0 từ “matching� thành “simple�.\n"
-"�ể không hiển thị nhắc nhở này và duy trì cách xử lý cũ, hãy chạy lệnh:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-"\n"
-"�ể không hiển thị nhắc nhở này và áp dụng cách ứng xử mới, hãy chạy lệnh:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-"\n"
-"Khi push.default được đặt thành “matching�, git sẽ đẩy các nhánh nội bộ\n"
-"lên các nhánh trên máy chủ, cái mà đã sẵn có và cùng tên.\n"
-"\n"
-"Trong 2.0, Git sẽ mặc định duy trì các ứng xử “simple�,\n"
-"cái này chỉ đẩy những nhánh hiện hành lên các nhánh tương ứng\n"
-"trên máy chủ cái mà lệnh “git pull� dùng để cập nhật nhánh hiện tại.\n"
-"\n"
-"Xem “git help config� và tìm đến “push.default� để có thêm thông tin.\n"
-"(chế độ “simple� được bắt đầu sử dụng từ Git 1.7.11. Sử dụng chế độ tương "
-"tá»±\n"
-"“current� thay vì “simple� nếu bạn thỉnh thoảng phải sử dụng bản Git cũ)"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:272
+#: builtin/push.c:267
 msgid ""
 "You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
 msgstr ""
 "Bạn đã không chỉ ra một refspecs nào để đẩy lên, và push.default là \"không "
 "là gì cả\"."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:279
+#: builtin/push.c:274
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
 "its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.\n"
@@ -8205,7 +12469,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Xem “Note about fast-forwards� trong “git push --help� để có thông tin chi "
 "tiết."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:285
+#: builtin/push.c:280
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
 "counterpart. Check out this branch and integrate the remote changes\n"
@@ -8219,7 +12483,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Xem “Note about fast-forwards� trong “git push --help� để có thông tin chi "
 "tiết."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:291
+#: builtin/push.c:286
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
 "not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
@@ -8234,11 +12498,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "Xem “Note about fast-forwards� trong “git push --help� để có thông tin chi "
 "tiết."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:298
+#: builtin/push.c:293
 msgid "Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote."
 msgstr "Việc cập nhật bị từ chối bởi vì thẻ đã sẵn có từ trước trên máy chủ."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:301
+#: builtin/push.c:296
 msgid ""
 "You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
 "or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
@@ -8250,22 +12514,22 @@ msgstr ""
 "đối tượng\n"
 "không phải chuyển giao, mà không sử dụng tùy ch�n “--force�.\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:360
+#: builtin/push.c:357
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
 msgstr "�ang đẩy lên %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:364
+#: builtin/push.c:361
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đẩy tới một số tham chiếu đến “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:394
+#: builtin/push.c:395
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad repository '%s'"
 msgstr "repository (kho) sai “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:395
+#: builtin/push.c:396
 msgid ""
 "No configured push destination.\n"
 "Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
@@ -8286,272 +12550,399 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push <tên>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:410
-msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
-msgstr "--all và --tags xung khắc nhau"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:411
-msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
-msgstr "--all không thể được tổ hợp cùng với đặc tả đư�ng dẫn"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:416
-msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
-msgstr "--mirror và --tags xung khắc nhau"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:417
-msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
-msgstr "--mirror không thể được tổ hợp cùng với đặc tả đư�ng dẫn"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:422
-msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
-msgstr "--all và --mirror xung khắc nhau"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:493
+#: builtin/push.c:551
 msgid "repository"
 msgstr "kho"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:494
+#: builtin/push.c:552 builtin/send-pack.c:164
 msgid "push all refs"
 msgstr "đẩy tất cả các tham chiếu"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:495
+#: builtin/push.c:553 builtin/send-pack.c:166
 msgid "mirror all refs"
 msgstr "mirror tất cả các tham chiếu"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:497
+#: builtin/push.c:555
 msgid "delete refs"
 msgstr "xóa các tham chiếu"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:498
+#: builtin/push.c:556
 msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
 msgstr "đẩy các thẻ (không dùng cùng với --all hay --mirror)"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:501
+#: builtin/push.c:559 builtin/send-pack.c:167
 msgid "force updates"
 msgstr "ép buộc cập nhật"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:503
+#: builtin/push.c:561 builtin/send-pack.c:181
 msgid "refname>:<expect"
 msgstr "tên-tham-chiếu>:<cần"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:504
+#: builtin/push.c:562 builtin/send-pack.c:182
 msgid "require old value of ref to be at this value"
 msgstr "yêu cầu giá-trị cũ của tham chiếu thì là giá-trị này"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:507
+#: builtin/push.c:565
 msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
 msgstr "đi�u khiển việc đẩy lên (push) đệ qui của mô-đun-con"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:509
+#: builtin/push.c:567 builtin/send-pack.c:175
 msgid "use thin pack"
 msgstr "tạo gói nhẹ"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:510 builtin/push.c:511
+#: builtin/push.c:568 builtin/push.c:569 builtin/send-pack.c:161
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:162
 msgid "receive pack program"
 msgstr "chương trình nhận gói"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:512
+#: builtin/push.c:570
 msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
 msgstr "đặt thượng nguồn cho git pull/status"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:515
+#: builtin/push.c:573
 msgid "prune locally removed refs"
 msgstr "xén tỉa những tham chiếu bị gỡ b�"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:517
+#: builtin/push.c:575
 msgid "bypass pre-push hook"
 msgstr "vòng qua móc ti�n-đẩy (pre-push)"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:518
+#: builtin/push.c:576
 msgid "push missing but relevant tags"
 msgstr "push phần bị thiếu nhưng các thẻ lại thích hợp"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:520
+#: builtin/push.c:579 builtin/send-pack.c:169
 msgid "GPG sign the push"
 msgstr "ký lần đẩy dùng GPG"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:529
+#: builtin/push.c:581 builtin/send-pack.c:176
+msgid "request atomic transaction on remote side"
+msgstr "yêu cầu giao dịch hạt nhân bên phía máy chủ"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:599
 msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
 msgstr "--delete là xung khắc với các tùy ch�n --all, --mirror và --tags"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:531
+#: builtin/push.c:601
 msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
 msgstr "--delete không hợp lý nếu không có bất kỳ tham chiếu nào"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:37
+#: builtin/push.c:604
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all và --tags xung khắc nhau"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:606
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--all không thể được tổ hợp cùng với đặc tả đư�ng dẫn"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:610
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--mirror và --tags xung khắc nhau"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:612
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--mirror không thể được tổ hợp cùng với đặc tả đư�ng dẫn"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:615
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all và --mirror xung khắc nhau"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:634
+msgid "push options must not have new line characters"
+msgstr "các tùy ch�n push phải không có ký tự dòng mới"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:40
 msgid ""
-"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] "
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>) "
 "[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
 "index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
 msgstr ""
-"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<ti�n-"
-"tố>] [-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] "
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<ti�n-"
+"tố>) [-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] "
 "[--index-output=<tập-tin>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-"
 "ish3>]])"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:110
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:120
 msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
 msgstr "ghi mục lục kết quả vào <tập-tin>"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:113
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
 msgid "only empty the index"
 msgstr "chỉ với bảng mục lục trống rỗng"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:115
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:125
 msgid "Merging"
 msgstr "Hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:117
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:127
 msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
 msgstr "thực hiện một hòa trộn thêm vào việc đ�c"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:119
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:129
 msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
 msgstr ""
 "hòa trộn kiểu “3-way� nếu không có tập tin mức hòa trộn nào được yêu cầu "
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:121
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:131
 msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
 msgstr "hòa trộn 3-way trong sự hiện diện của “adds� và “removes�"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:133
 msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
 msgstr "giống với -m, nhưng b� qua các mục chưa được hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:124
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
 msgid "<subdirectory>/"
 msgstr "<thư-mục-con>/"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:125
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
 msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
 msgstr "đ�c cây vào trong bảng mục lục dưới <thư_mục_con>/"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:128
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:138
 msgid "update working tree with merge result"
 msgstr "cập nhật cây làm việc với kết quả hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:130
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:140
 msgid "gitignore"
 msgstr "gitignore"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:131
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:141
 msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
 msgstr "cho phép các tập tin rõ ràng bị l� đi được ghi đè"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:144
 msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
 msgstr "không kiểm tra cây làm việc sau hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:145
 msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
 msgstr "không cập nhật bảng mục lục hay cây làm việc"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:137
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:147
 msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
 msgstr "b� qua áp dụng bộ l�c lấy ra (checkout) thưa thớt"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:139
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:149
 msgid "debug unpack-trees"
 msgstr "gỡ lỗi “unpack-trees�"
 
-#: builtin/reflog.c:499
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
-msgstr "giá trị %s dành cho “%s� không phải là dấu vết th�i gian hợp lệ"
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:8
+msgid "git rebase--helper [<options>]"
+msgstr "git rebase--helper [<các-tùy-ch�n>]"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:24
+msgid "keep empty commits"
+msgstr "giữ lại các lần chuyển giao rỗng"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:26 builtin/revert.c:123
+msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
+msgstr "chấp nhận chuyển giao mà không ghi chú gì"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:27
+msgid "rebase merge commits"
+msgstr "cải tổ các lần chuyển giao hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:29
+msgid "keep original branch points of cousins"
+msgstr "giữ các điểm nhánh nguyên bản của các anh em h�"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:30
+msgid "continue rebase"
+msgstr "tiếp tục cải tổ"
 
-#: builtin/reflog.c:615 builtin/reflog.c:620
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:32
+msgid "abort rebase"
+msgstr "bãi b� việc cải tổ"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:35
+msgid "make rebase script"
+msgstr "tạo văn lệnh rebase"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:37
+msgid "shorten commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "rút ngắn mã chuyển giao trong danh sách cần làm"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:39
+msgid "expand commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "khai triển mã chuyển giao trong danh sách cần làm"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:41
+msgid "check the todo list"
+msgstr "kiểm tra danh sách cần làm"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:43
+msgid "skip unnecessary picks"
+msgstr "b� qua các lệnh cậy (pick) không cần thiết"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:45
+msgid "rearrange fixup/squash lines"
+msgstr "sắp xếp lại các dòng fixup/squash"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:47
+msgid "insert exec commands in todo list"
+msgstr "chèn các lệnh thực thi trong danh sách cần làm"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:68
+msgid "--[no-]rebase-cousins has no effect without --rebase-merges"
+msgstr "--[no-]rebase-cousins không có tác dụng khi không có --rebase-merges"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:31
+msgid "git receive-pack <git-dir>"
+msgstr "git receive-pack <thư-mục-git>"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:842
+msgid ""
+"By default, updating the current branch in a non-bare repository\n"
+"is denied, because it will make the index and work tree inconsistent\n"
+"with what you pushed, and will require 'git reset --hard' to match\n"
+"the work tree to HEAD.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set the 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable\n"
+"to 'ignore' or 'warn' in the remote repository to allow pushing into\n"
+"its current branch; however, this is not recommended unless you\n"
+"arranged to update its work tree to match what you pushed in some\n"
+"other way.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message and still keep the default behaviour, set\n"
+"'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"Theo mặc định, việc cập nhật nhánh hiện tại trong một kho không-thuần\n"
+"bị từ chối, bởi vì nó sẽ làm cho chỉ mục và cây làm việc mâu thuẫn với\n"
+"cái mà bạn đẩy lên, và sẽ yêu cầu lệnh “git reset --hard� để mà làm\n"
+"cho cây làm việc khớp với HEAD.\n"
+"\n"
+"Bạn có thể đặt biến cấu hình “receive.denyCurrentBranch� thành\n"
+"“ignore� hay “warn� trong kho máy chủ để cho phép đẩy lên nhánh\n"
+"hiện tại của nó; tuy nhiên, không nên làm như thế trừ phi bạn\n"
+"sắp đặt để cập nhật cây làm việc của nó tương ứng với cái mà bạn đẩy\n"
+"lên theo cách nào đó.\n"
+"\n"
+"�ể chấm dứt l�i nhắn này và vẫn giữ cách ứng xử mặc định, hãy đặt\n"
+"biến cấu hình “receive.denyCurrentBranch� thành “refuse�."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:862
+msgid ""
+"By default, deleting the current branch is denied, because the next\n"
+"'git clone' won't result in any file checked out, causing confusion.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' configuration variable to\n"
+"'warn' or 'ignore' in the remote repository to allow deleting the\n"
+"current branch, with or without a warning message.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message, you can set it to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"Theo mặc định, việc cập xóa nhánh hiện tại bị từ chối, bởi vì\n"
+"lệnh “git clone� tiếp theo sẽ không có tác dụng trong việc lấy\n"
+"ra bất kỳ tập tin nào, dẫn đến hỗn loạn\n"
+"\n"
+"Bạn có thể đặt biến cấu hình “receive.denyDeleteCurrent� thành\n"
+"“warn� hay “ignore� trong kho máy chủ để cho phép đẩy xóa nhánh\n"
+"hiện tại của nó có hoặc không cảnh báo.\n"
+"\n"
+"�ể chấm dứt l�i nhắn này, bạn hãy đặt nó thành “refuse�."
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1935
+msgid "quiet"
+msgstr "im lặng"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1949
+msgid "You must specify a directory."
+msgstr "Bạn phải chỉ định thư mục."
+
+#: builtin/reflog.c:532 builtin/reflog.c:537
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid timestamp"
 msgstr "“%s� không phải là dấu th�i gian hợp lệ"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:12
+#: builtin/remote.c:14
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
 msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:13
+#: builtin/remote.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
 "mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
 msgstr ""
 "git remote add [-t <nhánh>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
 "mirror=<fetch|push>] <tên> <url>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:14 builtin/remote.c:33
+#: builtin/remote.c:16 builtin/remote.c:36
 msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
 msgstr "git remote rename <tên-cũ> <tên-mới>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:15 builtin/remote.c:38
+#: builtin/remote.c:17 builtin/remote.c:41
 msgid "git remote remove <name>"
 msgstr "git remote remove <tên>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:16
-msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete |<branch>)"
+#: builtin/remote.c:18 builtin/remote.c:46
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
 msgstr "git remote set-head <tên> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <nhánh>)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:17
+#: builtin/remote.c:19
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <tên>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:18
+#: builtin/remote.c:20
 msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <tên>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:19
+#: builtin/remote.c:21
 msgid ""
 "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
 msgstr ""
 "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<nhóm> | <máy-chủ>)…]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:20
+#: builtin/remote.c:22
 msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches [--add] <tên> <nhánh>…"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:21 builtin/remote.c:69
+#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:72
+msgid "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote set-url [--push] [--all] <tên>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:24 builtin/remote.c:77
 msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
 msgstr "git remote set-url [--push] <tên> <url-mới> [<url-cũ>]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:70
+#: builtin/remote.c:25 builtin/remote.c:78
 msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
 msgstr "git remote set-url --add <tên> <url-mới>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:71
+#: builtin/remote.c:26 builtin/remote.c:79
 msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
 msgstr "git remote set-url --delete <tên> <url>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:28
+#: builtin/remote.c:31
 msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
 msgstr "git remote add [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <tên> <url>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:43
-msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
-msgstr "git remote set-head <tên> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <nhánh>)"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:48
+#: builtin/remote.c:51
 msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches <tên> <nhánh>…"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:49
+#: builtin/remote.c:52
 msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches --add <tên> <nhánh>…"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:54
+#: builtin/remote.c:57
 msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote show [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <tên>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:59
+#: builtin/remote.c:62
 msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote prune [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <tên>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:64
+#: builtin/remote.c:67
 msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
 msgstr "git remote update [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<nhóm> | <máy-chủ>]…"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:88
+#: builtin/remote.c:96
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s"
 msgstr "�ang cập nhật %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:120
+#: builtin/remote.c:128
 msgid ""
 "--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
 "\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
@@ -8559,96 +12950,86 @@ msgstr ""
 "--mirror nguy hiểm và không dùng nữa; xin hãy\n"
 "\t sử dụng tùy ch�n --mirror=fetch hoặc --mirror=push để thay thế"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:137
+#: builtin/remote.c:145
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
 msgstr "không hiểu tham số máy bản sao (mirror): %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:153
+#: builtin/remote.c:161
 msgid "fetch the remote branches"
 msgstr "lấy v� các nhánh từ máy chủ"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:155
+#: builtin/remote.c:163
 msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
 msgstr "nhập vào tất cả các đối tượng thẻ và thành phần liên quan khi lấy v�"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:158
+#: builtin/remote.c:166
 msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
 msgstr "hoặc không lấy v� bất kỳ thẻ nào (--no-tags)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:160
+#: builtin/remote.c:168
 msgid "branch(es) to track"
 msgstr "các nhánh để theo dõi"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:161
+#: builtin/remote.c:169
 msgid "master branch"
 msgstr "nhánh master"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:162
+#: builtin/remote.c:170
 msgid "push|fetch"
 msgstr "push|fetch"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:163
+#: builtin/remote.c:171
 msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
 msgstr "đặt máy chủ (remote) như là một máy bản sao để push hay fetch từ đó"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:175
+#: builtin/remote.c:183
 msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
 msgstr "đang chỉ định một nhánh master không hợp lý với tùy ch�n --mirror"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:177
+#: builtin/remote.c:185
 msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
 msgstr "chỉ định những nhánh để theo dõi chỉ hợp lý với các “fetch mirror�"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:187 builtin/remote.c:643
+#: builtin/remote.c:192 builtin/remote.c:634
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote %s already exists."
 msgstr "máy chủ %s đã tồn tại rồi."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:191 builtin/remote.c:647
+#: builtin/remote.c:196 builtin/remote.c:638
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
 msgstr "“%s� không phải tên máy chủ hợp lệ"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:235
+#: builtin/remote.c:236
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể cài đặt nhánh master “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:335
+#: builtin/remote.c:342
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
 msgstr "Không thể lấy ánh xạ (map) fetch cho đặc tả tham chiếu %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:436 builtin/remote.c:444
+#: builtin/remote.c:441 builtin/remote.c:449
 msgid "(matching)"
 msgstr "(khá»›p)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:448
+#: builtin/remote.c:453
 msgid "(delete)"
 msgstr "(xóa)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:592 builtin/remote.c:598 builtin/remote.c:604
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr "Không thể nối thêm “%s� vào “%s�"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:636 builtin/remote.c:795 builtin/remote.c:895
+#: builtin/remote.c:627 builtin/remote.c:762 builtin/remote.c:861
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote: %s"
 msgstr "Không có máy chủ nào như thế: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:653
+#: builtin/remote.c:644
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể đổi tên phần của cấu hình từ “%s� thành “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:659 builtin/remote.c:847
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
-msgstr "Không thể gỡ b� phần cấu hình “%s�"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:674
+#: builtin/remote.c:664
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
@@ -8659,32 +13040,17 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "\tXin hãy cập nhật phần cấu hình một cách thủ công nếu thấy cần thiết."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:680
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s'"
-msgstr "Không thể nối thêm “%s�"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:691
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not set '%s'"
-msgstr "Không thể đặt “%s�"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:713
+#: builtin/remote.c:700
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi xóa “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:747
+#: builtin/remote.c:734
 #, c-format
 msgid "creating '%s' failed"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi tạo “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:766
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove branch %s"
-msgstr "Không thể gỡ b� nhánh “%s�"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:833
+#: builtin/remote.c:799
 msgid ""
 "Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
 "to delete it, use:"
@@ -8696,371 +13062,446 @@ msgstr[0] ""
 "Ä‘i;\n"
 "để xóa đi, sử dụng:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:948
+#: builtin/remote.c:813
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể gỡ b� phần cấu hình “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:914
 #, c-format
 msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
 msgstr " mới (lần lấy v� tiếp theo sẽ lưu trong remotes/%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:951
+#: builtin/remote.c:917
 msgid " tracked"
 msgstr " được theo dõi"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:953
+#: builtin/remote.c:919
 msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
 msgstr " cũ rích (dùng “git remote prune� để gỡ b�)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:955
+#: builtin/remote.c:921
 msgid " ???"
 msgstr " ???"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:996
+#: builtin/remote.c:962
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
 msgstr "branch.%s.merge không hợp lệ; không thể cải tổ v� phía > 1 nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1003
+#: builtin/remote.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively onto remote %s"
+msgstr "thực hiện rebase một cách tương tác trên máy chủ %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively (with merges) onto remote %s"
+msgstr ""
+"thực hiện cải tổ (với các hòa trộn) một cách tương tác lên trên máy chủ %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:976
 #, c-format
 msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
 msgstr "thực hiện rebase trên máy chủ %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1006
+#: builtin/remote.c:980
 #, c-format
 msgid " merges with remote %s"
 msgstr " hòa trộn với máy chủ %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1007
-msgid "    and with remote"
-msgstr "    và với máy chủ"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:1009
+#: builtin/remote.c:983
 #, c-format
 msgid "merges with remote %s"
 msgstr "hòa trộn với máy chủ %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1010
-msgid "   and with remote"
-msgstr "   và với máy chủ"
+#: builtin/remote.c:986
+#, c-format
+msgid "%-*s    and with remote %s\n"
+msgstr "%-*s    và với máy chủ %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1056
+#: builtin/remote.c:1029
 msgid "create"
 msgstr "tạo"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1059
+#: builtin/remote.c:1032
 msgid "delete"
 msgstr "xóa"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1063
+#: builtin/remote.c:1036
 msgid "up to date"
 msgstr "đã cập nhật"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1066
+#: builtin/remote.c:1039
 msgid "fast-forwardable"
-msgstr "có-thể-fast-forward"
+msgstr "có-thể-chuyển-tiếp-nhanh"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1069
+#: builtin/remote.c:1042
 msgid "local out of date"
 msgstr "dữ liệu nội bộ đã cũ"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1076
+#: builtin/remote.c:1049
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
 msgstr "    %-*s ép buộc thành %-*s (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1079
+#: builtin/remote.c:1052
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
 msgstr "    %-*s đẩy lên thành %-*s (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1083
+#: builtin/remote.c:1056
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
 msgstr "    %-*s ép buộc thành %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1086
+#: builtin/remote.c:1059
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
 msgstr "    %-*s đẩy lên thành %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1154
+#: builtin/remote.c:1127
 msgid "do not query remotes"
 msgstr "không truy vấn các máy chủ"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1181
+#: builtin/remote.c:1154
 #, c-format
 msgid "* remote %s"
 msgstr "* máy chủ %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1182
+#: builtin/remote.c:1155
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
 msgstr "  URL để lấy v�: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1183 builtin/remote.c:1334
+#: builtin/remote.c:1156 builtin/remote.c:1172 builtin/remote.c:1311
 msgid "(no URL)"
 msgstr "(không có URL)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1192 builtin/remote.c:1194
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon ':' should align
+#. with the one in " Fetch URL: %s"
+#. translation.
+#.
+#: builtin/remote.c:1170 builtin/remote.c:1172
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
 msgstr "  URL để đẩy lên: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1196 builtin/remote.c:1198 builtin/remote.c:1200
+#: builtin/remote.c:1174 builtin/remote.c:1176 builtin/remote.c:1178
 #, c-format
 msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
 msgstr "  Nhánh HEAD: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1202
+#: builtin/remote.c:1174
+msgid "(not queried)"
+msgstr "(không yêu cầu)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1176
+msgid "(unknown)"
+msgstr "(không hiểu)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1180
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
 msgstr "  nhánh HEAD (HEAD máy chủ chưa rõ ràng, có lẽ là một trong số sau):\n"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1214
+#: builtin/remote.c:1192
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
 msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
 msgstr[0] "  Những nhánh trên máy chủ:%s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1217 builtin/remote.c:1244
+#: builtin/remote.c:1195 builtin/remote.c:1221
 msgid " (status not queried)"
 msgstr " (trạng thái không được yêu cầu)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1226
+#: builtin/remote.c:1204
 msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
 msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
 msgstr[0] "  Những nhánh nội bộ đã được cấu hình cho lệnh “git pull�:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1234
+#: builtin/remote.c:1212
 msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
 msgstr "  refs nội bộ sẽ được phản chiếu bởi lệnh “git push�"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1241
+#: builtin/remote.c:1218
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
 msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
 msgstr[0] "  Những tham chiếu nội bộ được cấu hình cho lệnh “git push�%s:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1262
+#: builtin/remote.c:1239
 msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
 msgstr "đặt refs/remotes/<tên>/HEAD cho phù hợp với máy chủ"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1264
+#: builtin/remote.c:1241
 msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
 msgstr "xóa refs/remotes/<tên>/HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1279
+#: builtin/remote.c:1256
 msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
 msgstr "Không thể xác định được HEAD máy chủ"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1281
+#: builtin/remote.c:1258
 msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
 msgstr "Nhi�u nhánh HEAD máy chủ. Hãy ch�n rõ ràng một:"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1291
+#: builtin/remote.c:1268
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not delete %s"
 msgstr "Không thể xóa b� %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1299
+#: builtin/remote.c:1276
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
 msgstr "Không phải là tham chiếu hợp lệ: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1301
+#: builtin/remote.c:1278
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not setup %s"
 msgstr "Không thể cài đặt %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1319
+#: builtin/remote.c:1296
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s will become dangling!"
 msgstr " %s sẽ trở thành không đầu (không được quản lý)!"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1320
+#: builtin/remote.c:1297
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s has become dangling!"
 msgstr " %s đã trở thành không đầu (không được quản lý)!"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1330
+#: builtin/remote.c:1307
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pruning %s"
 msgstr "�ang xén bớt %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1331
+#: builtin/remote.c:1308
 #, c-format
 msgid "URL: %s"
 msgstr "URL: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1354
+#: builtin/remote.c:1324
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [would prune] %s"
 msgstr " * [nên xén bớt] %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1357
+#: builtin/remote.c:1327
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [pruned] %s"
 msgstr " * [đã bị xén] %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1402
+#: builtin/remote.c:1372
 msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
 msgstr "cắt máy chủ sau khi lấy v�"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1468 builtin/remote.c:1542
+#: builtin/remote.c:1435 builtin/remote.c:1489 builtin/remote.c:1557
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote '%s'"
 msgstr "Không có máy chủ nào có tên “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1488
+#: builtin/remote.c:1451
 msgid "add branch"
 msgstr "thêm nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1495
+#: builtin/remote.c:1458
 msgid "no remote specified"
 msgstr "chưa chỉ ra máy chủ nào"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1517
+#: builtin/remote.c:1475
+msgid "query push URLs rather than fetch URLs"
+msgstr "truy vấn đẩy URL thay vì lấy"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1477
+msgid "return all URLs"
+msgstr "trả v� m�i URL"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1505
+#, c-format
+msgid "no URLs configured for remote '%s'"
+msgstr "không có URL nào được cấu hình cho nhánh “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1531
 msgid "manipulate push URLs"
 msgstr "đẩy các “URL� bằng tay"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1519
+#: builtin/remote.c:1533
 msgid "add URL"
 msgstr "thêm URL"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1521
+#: builtin/remote.c:1535
 msgid "delete URLs"
 msgstr "xóa URLs"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1528
+#: builtin/remote.c:1542
 msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
 msgstr "--add --delete không hợp lý"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1568
+#: builtin/remote.c:1581
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
 msgstr "Kiểu mẫu URL cũ không hợp lệ: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1576
+#: builtin/remote.c:1589
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such URL found: %s"
 msgstr "Không tìm thấy URL như vậy: %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1578
+#: builtin/remote.c:1591
 msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
 msgstr "Sẽ không xóa những địa chỉ URL không-push"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1592
+#: builtin/remote.c:1607
 msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
 msgstr "chi tiết; phải được đặt trước một lệnh-con"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:17
-msgid "git repack [options]"
-msgstr "git repack [các-tùy-ch�n]"
+#: builtin/remote.c:1638
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "Không hiểu câu lệnh con: %s"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:18
+msgid "git repack [<options>]"
+msgstr "git repack [<các-tùy-ch�n>]"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:23
+msgid ""
+"Incremental repacks are incompatible with bitmap indexes.  Use\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index or disable the pack.writebitmaps configuration."
+msgstr ""
+"Gia tăng repack là không tương thích với chỉ mục bitmap. Dùng\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index hay tắt cấu hình pack.writebitmaps."
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:159
+#: builtin/repack.c:180
 msgid "pack everything in a single pack"
 msgstr "đóng gói m�i thứ trong một gói đơn"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:161
+#: builtin/repack.c:182
 msgid "same as -a, and turn unreachable objects loose"
 msgstr "giống với -a, và chỉnh sửa các đối tượng không đ�c được thiếu sót"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:164
+#: builtin/repack.c:185
 msgid "remove redundant packs, and run git-prune-packed"
 msgstr "xóa b� các gói dư thừa, và chạy git-prune-packed"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:166
+#: builtin/repack.c:187
 msgid "pass --no-reuse-delta to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "chuyển --no-reuse-delta cho git-pack-objects"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:168
+#: builtin/repack.c:189
 msgid "pass --no-reuse-object to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "chuyển --no-reuse-object cho git-pack-objects"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:170
+#: builtin/repack.c:191
 msgid "do not run git-update-server-info"
 msgstr "không chạy git-update-server-info"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:173
+#: builtin/repack.c:194
 msgid "pass --local to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "chuyển --local cho git-pack-objects"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:175
+#: builtin/repack.c:196
 msgid "write bitmap index"
 msgstr "ghi mục lục ánh xạ"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:176
+#: builtin/repack.c:197
 msgid "approxidate"
 msgstr "ngày ước tính"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:177
+#: builtin/repack.c:198
 msgid "with -A, do not loosen objects older than this"
 msgstr "với -A, các đối tượng cũ hơn khoảng th�i gian này thì không bị mất"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:179
+#: builtin/repack.c:200
+msgid "with -a, repack unreachable objects"
+msgstr "với -a, đóng gói lại các đối tượng không thể đ�c được"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:202
 msgid "size of the window used for delta compression"
 msgstr "kích thước cửa sổ được dùng cho nén “delta�"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:180 builtin/repack.c:184
+#: builtin/repack.c:203 builtin/repack.c:209
 msgid "bytes"
 msgstr "byte"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:181
+#: builtin/repack.c:204
 msgid "same as the above, but limit memory size instead of entries count"
 msgstr "giống như trên, nhưng giới hạn kích thước bộ nhớ hay vì số lượng"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:183
+#: builtin/repack.c:206
 msgid "limits the maximum delta depth"
 msgstr "giới hạn độ sâu tối đa của “delta�"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:185
+#: builtin/repack.c:208
+msgid "limits the maximum number of threads"
+msgstr "giới hạn số lượng tối đa tuyến trình"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:210
 msgid "maximum size of each packfile"
-msgstr "kcíh thước tối đa cho từng tập tin gói"
+msgstr "kích thước tối đa cho từng tập tin gói"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:187
+#: builtin/repack.c:212
 msgid "repack objects in packs marked with .keep"
 msgstr "đóng gói lại các đối tượng trong các gói đã đánh dấu bằng .keep"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:371
+#: builtin/repack.c:214
+msgid "do not repack this pack"
+msgstr "đừng đóng gói lại gói này"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:224
+msgid "cannot delete packs in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "không thể xóa các gói trong một kho đối_tượng_vĩ_đại"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:228
+msgid "--keep-unreachable and -A are incompatible"
+msgstr "--keep-unreachable và -A xung khắc nhau"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:425 builtin/worktree.c:139
 #, c-format
-msgid "removing '%s' failed"
-msgstr "gặp lỗi khi xóa b� “%s�"
+msgid "failed to remove '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi gỡ b� “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:19
+#: builtin/replace.c:22
 msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] <đối-tượng> <thay-thế>"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:20
+#: builtin/replace.c:23
 msgid "git replace [-f] --edit <object>"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] --edit <đối tượng>"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:21
+#: builtin/replace.c:24
 msgid "git replace [-f] --graft <commit> [<parent>...]"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] --graft <lần_chuyển_giao> [<cha_mẹ>…]"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:22
+#: builtin/replace.c:25
+msgid "git replace [-f] --convert-graft-file"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] --convert-graft-file"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:26
 msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
 msgstr "git replace -d <đối tượng>…"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:23
+#: builtin/replace.c:27
 msgid "git replace [--format=<format>] [-l [<pattern>]]"
 msgstr "git replace [--format=<định_dạng>] [-l [<mẫu>]]"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:325 builtin/replace.c:363 builtin/replace.c:391
+#: builtin/replace.c:371 builtin/replace.c:415 builtin/replace.c:445
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'"
 msgstr "Không phải là tên đối tượng hợp lệ: “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:355
+#: builtin/replace.c:407
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad mergetag in commit '%s'"
 msgstr "thẻ hòa trộn sai trong lần chuyển giao “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:357
+#: builtin/replace.c:409
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed mergetag in commit '%s'"
 msgstr "thẻ hòa trộn không đúng dạng ở lần chuyển giao “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:368
+#: builtin/replace.c:421
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "original commit '%s' contains mergetag '%s' that is discarded; use --edit "
@@ -9069,333 +13510,335 @@ msgstr ""
 "lần chuyển giao gốc “%s� có chứa thẻ hòa trộn “%s� cái mà bị loại b�; dùng "
 "tùy ch�n --edit thay cho --graft"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:401
+#: builtin/replace.c:460
 #, c-format
 msgid "the original commit '%s' has a gpg signature."
 msgstr "lần chuyển giao gốc “%s� có chữ ký GPG."
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:402
+#: builtin/replace.c:461
 msgid "the signature will be removed in the replacement commit!"
 msgstr "chữ ký sẽ được b� đi trong lần chuyển giao thay thế!"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:408
+#: builtin/replace.c:471
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not write replacement commit for: '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể ghi lần chuyển giao thay thế cho: “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:432
+#: builtin/replace.c:514
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not convert the following graft(s):\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể chuyển đổi các graft sau đây:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:535
 msgid "list replace refs"
 msgstr "liệt kê các refs thay thế"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:433
+#: builtin/replace.c:536
 msgid "delete replace refs"
 msgstr "xóa tham chiếu thay thế"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:434
+#: builtin/replace.c:537
 msgid "edit existing object"
 msgstr "sửa đối tượng sẵn có"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:435
+#: builtin/replace.c:538
 msgid "change a commit's parents"
 msgstr "thay đổi cha mẹ của lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:436
+#: builtin/replace.c:539
+msgid "convert existing graft file"
+msgstr "chuyển đổi các tập tin graft sẵn có"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:540
 msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
 msgstr "thay thế tham chiếu nếu nó đã sẵn có"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:437
+#: builtin/replace.c:542
 msgid "do not pretty-print contents for --edit"
 msgstr "đừng in đẹp các nội dung cho --edit"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:438
+#: builtin/replace.c:543
 msgid "use this format"
 msgstr "dùng định dạng này"
 
-#: builtin/rerere.c:12
-msgid "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
-msgstr "git rerere [clear | forget path… | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+#: builtin/rerere.c:13
+msgid "git rerere [clear | forget <path>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+msgstr ""
+"git rerere [clear | forget <đư�ng dẫn>… | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
 
-#: builtin/rerere.c:57
+#: builtin/rerere.c:59
 msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
 msgstr "sổ ghi d�n sạch các phân giải trong bản mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:26
+#: builtin/reset.c:29
 msgid ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:27
-msgid "git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <paths>..."
-msgstr "git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <đư�ng-dẫn>…"
+#: builtin/reset.c:30
+msgid "git reset [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git reset [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <đư�ng-dẫn>…"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:28
+#: builtin/reset.c:31
 msgid "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"
 msgstr "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<các-đư�ng-dẫn>…]"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "mixed"
 msgstr "pha trá»™n"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "soft"
 msgstr "m�m"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "hard"
 msgstr "cứng"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "merge"
 msgstr "hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "keep"
 msgstr "giữ lại"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:74
+#: builtin/reset.c:78
 msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
 msgstr "Bạn không có HEAD nào hợp lệ."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:76
+#: builtin/reset.c:80
 msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi tìm cây của HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:82
+#: builtin/reset.c:86
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi tìm cây của %s."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:100
+#: builtin/reset.c:111
 #, c-format
 msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
 msgstr "HEAD hiện gi� tại %s"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:183
+#: builtin/reset.c:189
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
 msgstr "Không thể thực hiện một %s reset ở giữa của quá trình hòa trộn."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:276
+#: builtin/reset.c:289
 msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
 msgstr "làm việc ở chế độ im lặng, chỉ hiển thị khi có lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:278
+#: builtin/reset.c:291
 msgid "reset HEAD and index"
 msgstr "đặt lại (reset) HEAD và bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:279
+#: builtin/reset.c:292
 msgid "reset only HEAD"
 msgstr "chỉ đặt lại (reset) HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:281 builtin/reset.c:283
+#: builtin/reset.c:294 builtin/reset.c:296
 msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
 msgstr "đặt lại HEAD, bảng mục lục và cây làm việc"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:285
+#: builtin/reset.c:298
 msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
 msgstr "đặt lại HEAD nhưng giữ lại các thay đổi nội bộ"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:288
+#: builtin/reset.c:304
 msgid "record only the fact that removed paths will be added later"
 msgstr "chỉ ghi lại những đư�ng dẫn thực sự sẽ được thêm vào sau này"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:305
+#: builtin/reset.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân giải “%s� như là điểm xét duyệt hợp lệ."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:308 builtin/reset.c:316
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
-msgstr "không thể phân tích đối tượng “%s�."
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:313
+#: builtin/reset.c:329
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân giải “%s� như là một cây (tree) hợp lệ."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:322
+#: builtin/reset.c:338
 msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 msgstr "--patch xung khắc với --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#: builtin/reset.c:347
 msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
 msgstr ""
 "--mixed với các đư�ng dẫn không còn dùng nữa; hãy thay thế bằng lệnh “git "
 "reset -- <đư�ng_dẫn>�."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:333
+#: builtin/reset.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
 msgstr "Không thể thực hiện lệnh %s reset với các đư�ng dẫn."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:343
+#: builtin/reset.c:359
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
 msgstr "%s reset không được phép trên kho thuần"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#: builtin/reset.c:363
 msgid "-N can only be used with --mixed"
 msgstr "-N chỉ được dùng khi có --mixed"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:364
+#: builtin/reset.c:380
 msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
 msgstr "Những thay đổi được đưa ra kh�i bệ phóng sau khi reset:"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:370
+#: builtin/reset.c:386
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
 msgstr "Không thể đặt lại (reset) bảng mục lục thành điểm xét duyệt “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:374
+#: builtin/reset.c:390
 msgid "Could not write new index file."
 msgstr "Không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới."
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:361
-msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
-msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [các-tùy-ch�n] -- [<th.số>…]"
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:397
+msgid "cannot combine --exclude-promisor-objects and --missing"
+msgstr "không thể tổ hợp --exclude-promisor-objects và --missing"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:455
+msgid "object filtering requires --objects"
+msgstr "l�c đối tượng yêu cầu --objects"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:458
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid sparse value '%s'"
+msgstr "giá trị sparse không hợp lệ “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:499
+msgid "rev-list does not support display of notes"
+msgstr "rev-list không hỗ trợ hiển thị các ghi chú"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:502
+msgid "cannot combine --use-bitmap-index with object filtering"
+msgstr "không thể tổ hợp --use-bitmap-index với l�c đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:406
+msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]"
+msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [<các-tùy-ch�n>] -- [<các tham số>…]"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:366
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:411
 msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
 msgstr "giữ lại “--� chuyển sang làm tham số"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:368
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:413
 msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
 msgstr "dừng phân tích sau đối số đầu tiên không có tùy ch�n"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:371
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:416
 msgid "output in stuck long form"
 msgstr "kết xuất trong định dạng gậy dài"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:499
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:549
 msgid ""
-"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]\n"
 "   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
-"   or: git rev-parse [options] [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [<options>] [<arg>...]\n"
 "\n"
 "Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
 msgstr ""
-"git rev-parse --parseopt [các-tùy-ch�n] -- [<đ.số>…]\n"
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<các-tùy-ch�n>] -- [<các đối số>…]\n"
 "   hoặc: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<đ.số>…]\n"
-"   hoặc: git rev-parse [các-tùy-ch�n] [<đ.số>…]\n"
+"   hoặc: git rev-parse [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<đ.số>…]\n"
 "\n"
 "Chạy lệnh \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" để có thêm thông tin v� cách dùng."
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:22
-msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>..."
-msgstr "git revert [các-tùy-ch�n] <commit-ish>…"
-
 #: builtin/revert.c:23
+msgid "git revert [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git revert [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <commit-ish>…"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:24
 msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
 msgstr "git revert <lệnh-con>"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:28
-msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>..."
-msgstr "git cherry-pick [các-tùy-ch�n] <commit-ish>…"
-
 #: builtin/revert.c:29
+msgid "git cherry-pick [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git cherry-pick [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <commit-ish>…"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:30
 msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
 msgstr "git cherry-pick <lệnh-con>"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:71
+#: builtin/revert.c:90
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr "%s: %s không thể được sử dụng với %s"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:80
+#: builtin/revert.c:99
 msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
-msgstr "kết thúc cherry-pick hay revert liên tiếp nhau"
+msgstr "kết thúc cherry-pick hay hoàn nguyên liên tiếp nhau"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:81
+#: builtin/revert.c:100
 msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
-msgstr "phục hồi lại cherry-pick hay revert liên tiếp nhau"
+msgstr "phục hồi lại cherry-pick hay hoàn nguyên liên tiếp nhau"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:82
+#: builtin/revert.c:101
 msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
-msgstr "không cherry-pick hay revert liên tiếp nhau"
+msgstr "không cherry-pick hay hoàn nguyên liên tiếp nhau"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:83
+#: builtin/revert.c:102
 msgid "don't automatically commit"
-msgstr "không commit một cách tự động."
+msgstr "không chuyển giao một cách tự động."
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:84
+#: builtin/revert.c:103
 msgid "edit the commit message"
-msgstr "sửa lại chú thích cho commit"
+msgstr "sửa lại chú thích cho lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:87
-msgid "parent number"
-msgstr "số của cha mẹ"
+#: builtin/revert.c:106
+msgid "parent-number"
+msgstr "số-cha-mẹ"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:89
+#: builtin/revert.c:107
+msgid "select mainline parent"
+msgstr "ch�n cha mẹ luồng chính"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "merge strategy"
 msgstr "chiến lược hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:90
+#: builtin/revert.c:110
 msgid "option"
 msgstr "tùy ch�n"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:91
+#: builtin/revert.c:111
 msgid "option for merge strategy"
 msgstr "tùy ch�n cho chiến lược hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:104
+#: builtin/revert.c:120
 msgid "append commit name"
 msgstr "nối thêm tên lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:105
-msgid "allow fast-forward"
-msgstr "cho phép fast-forward"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:106
+#: builtin/revert.c:122
 msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
 msgstr "cấm khởi tạo lần chuyển giao trống rỗng"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:107
-msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
-msgstr "chấp nhận chuyển giao mà không ghi chú gì"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:108
+#: builtin/revert.c:124
 msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
 msgstr "giữ lại các lần chuyển giao dư thừa, rỗng"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:112
-msgid "program error"
-msgstr "lỗi chương trình"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:197
+#: builtin/revert.c:214
 msgid "revert failed"
-msgstr "revert gặp lỗi"
+msgstr "hoàn nguyên gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:212
+#: builtin/revert.c:227
 msgid "cherry-pick failed"
 msgstr "cherry-pick gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:17
-msgid "git rm [options] [--] <file>..."
-msgstr "git rm [các-tùy-ch�n] [--] <tập-tin>…"
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:65
-msgid ""
-"the following submodule (or one of its nested submodules)\n"
-"uses a .git directory:"
-msgid_plural ""
-"the following submodules (or one of their nested submodules)\n"
-"use a .git directory:"
-msgstr[0] ""
-"các mô-đun-con sau đây (hay một trong số mô-đun-con bên trong của nó)\n"
-"dùng một thư mục .git:"
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:71
-msgid ""
-"\n"
-"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
-msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"(dùng /\"rm -rf/\" nếu bạn thực sự muốn gỡ b� nó cùng với tất cả lịch sử của "
-"chúng)"
+#: builtin/rm.c:18
+msgid "git rm [<options>] [--] <file>..."
+msgstr "git rm [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [--] <tập-tin>…"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:231
+#: builtin/rm.c:206
 msgid ""
 "the following file has staged content different from both the\n"
 "file and the HEAD:"
@@ -9403,10 +13846,10 @@ msgid_plural ""
 "the following files have staged content different from both the\n"
 "file and the HEAD:"
 msgstr[0] ""
-"các tập tin sau đây có trạng thái khác biệt nội dung từ cả tập tin\n"
-"và cả HEAD:"
+"các tập tin sau đây có khác biệt nội dung đã đưa lên bệ phóng\n"
+"từ cả tập tin và cả HEAD:"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:236
+#: builtin/rm.c:211
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "(use -f to force removal)"
@@ -9414,12 +13857,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "(dùng -f để buộc gỡ b�)"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:240
+#: builtin/rm.c:215
 msgid "the following file has changes staged in the index:"
 msgid_plural "the following files have changes staged in the index:"
 msgstr[0] "các tập tin sau đây có thay đổi trạng thái trong bảng mục lục:"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:244 builtin/rm.c:255
+#: builtin/rm.c:219 builtin/rm.c:228
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
@@ -9427,211 +13870,672 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "(dùng tùy ch�n --cached để giữ tập tin, hoặc -f để ép buộc gỡ b�)"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:252
+#: builtin/rm.c:225
 msgid "the following file has local modifications:"
 msgid_plural "the following files have local modifications:"
 msgstr[0] "những tập tin sau đây có những thay đổi nội bộ:"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:270
+#: builtin/rm.c:241
 msgid "do not list removed files"
 msgstr "không liệt kê các tập tin đã gỡ b�"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:271
+#: builtin/rm.c:242
 msgid "only remove from the index"
 msgstr "chỉ gỡ b� từ mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:272
+#: builtin/rm.c:243
 msgid "override the up-to-date check"
 msgstr "ghi đè lên kiểm tra cập nhật"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:273
+#: builtin/rm.c:244
 msgid "allow recursive removal"
 msgstr "cho phép gỡ b� đệ qui"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:275
+#: builtin/rm.c:246
 msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
 msgstr "thoát ra với trạng thái khác không thậm chí nếu không có gì khớp"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:318
-msgid "Please, stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
-msgstr ""
-"Vui lòng đưa các thay đổi của bạn vào “.gitmodules� hay tạm cất chúng đi để "
-"xử lý"
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:336
+#: builtin/rm.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
 msgstr "không thể gỡ b� “%s� một cách đệ qui mà không có tùy ch�n -r"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:375
+#: builtin/rm.c:345
 #, c-format
 msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
 msgstr "git rm: không thể gỡ b� %s"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:13
-msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"
-msgstr "git shortlog [các-tùy-ch�n] [<vùng-xét-duyệt>] [[--] [<đư�ng-dẫn>…]]"
-
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:131
+#: builtin/rm.c:368
 #, c-format
-msgid "Missing author: %s"
-msgstr "Thiếu tên tác giả: %s"
+msgid "could not remove '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể gỡ b� “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:20
+msgid ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<host>:]<directory> "
+"[<ref>...]\n"
+"  --all and explicit <ref> specification are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<máy>:]<thư/mục> [<các-tham-"
+"chiếu>…]\n"
+"  --all và đặc tả <ref> rõ ràng là loại trừ lẫn nhau."
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:163
+msgid "remote name"
+msgstr "tên máy dịch vụ"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:177
+msgid "use stateless RPC protocol"
+msgstr "dùng giao thức RPC không ổn định"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:178
+msgid "read refs from stdin"
+msgstr "đ�c tham chiếu từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:179
+msgid "print status from remote helper"
+msgstr "in các trạng thái từ phần hướng dẫn trên máy dịch vụ"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:7
+msgid "git serve [<options>]"
+msgstr "git serve [<các-tùy-ch�n>]"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:17 builtin/upload-pack.c:23
+msgid "quit after a single request/response exchange"
+msgstr "thoát sau khi một trao đổi yêu cầu hay trả l�i đơn"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:19
+msgid "exit immediately after advertising capabilities"
+msgstr "thoát ngay sau khi khởi tạo quảng cáo capabilities"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:14
+msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git shortlog [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<vùng-xét-duyệt>] [[--] [<đư�ng/dẫn>…]]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:15
+msgid "git log --pretty=short | git shortlog [<options>]"
+msgstr "git log --pretty=short | git shortlog [<các-tùy-ch�n>]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:264
+msgid "Group by committer rather than author"
+msgstr "Nhóm theo ngư�i chuyển giao thay vì tác giả"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:230
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:266
 msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
 msgstr "sắp xếp kết xuất tuân theo số lượng chuyển giao trên mỗi tác giả"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:232
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:268
 msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
 msgstr "Chặn m�i mô tả lần chuyển giao, chỉ đưa ra số lượng lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:234
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:270
 msgid "Show the email address of each author"
 msgstr "Hiển thị thư điện tử cho từng tác giả"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:235
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:271
 msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 msgstr "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:236
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:272
 msgid "Linewrap output"
 msgstr "Ngắt dòng khi quá dài"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:9
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:298
+msgid "too many arguments given outside repository"
+msgstr "quá nhi�u tham số đưa ra ngoài kho chứa"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:12
 msgid ""
-"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
 "\t\t[--current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
 "\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
 "\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <glob>)...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
 "\t\t[--current] [--color[=<khi>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
 "\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
 "\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <glob>)…]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:13
-msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
-msgstr "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<n�n>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:16
+msgid "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<n�n>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d ref"
+msgid_plural "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "đang b� qua %s; không thể xử lý nhi�u hơn %d tham chiếu"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "no matching refs with %s"
+msgstr "không tham chiếu nào khớp với %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:626
 msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "hiển thị các nhánh remote-tracking và nội bộ"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:654
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:628
 msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "hiển thị các nhánh remote-tracking"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:630
 msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
 msgstr "màu “*!+-� tương ứng với nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:658
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:632
 msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
 msgstr "hiển thị thêm <n> lần chuyển giao sau cha mẹ chung"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:634
 msgid "synonym to more=-1"
 msgstr "đồng nghĩa với more=-1"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:661
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:635
 msgid "suppress naming strings"
 msgstr "chặn các chuỗi đặt tên"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:663
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:637
 msgid "include the current branch"
 msgstr "bao gồm nhánh hiện hành"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:665
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:639
 msgid "name commits with their object names"
 msgstr "đặt tên các lần chuyển giao bằng các tên của đối tượng của chúng"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:667
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:641
 msgid "show possible merge bases"
 msgstr "hiển thị m�i cơ sở có thể dùng để hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:669
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:643
 msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tham chiếu không thể được đ�c bởi bất kỳ tham chiếu khác"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:671
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:645
 msgid "show commits in topological order"
 msgstr "hiển thị các lần chuyển giao theo thứ tự tôpô"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:674
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:648
 msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị các lần chuyển giao không nằm trên nhánh đầu tiên"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:676
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:650
 msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
 msgstr "hiển thị các lần hòa trộn có thể đ�c được chỉ từ một đầu mút"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
 msgid "topologically sort, maintaining date order where possible"
 msgstr "sắp xếp hình thái h�c, bảo trì thứ tự ngày nếu có thể"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:681
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
 msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
 msgstr "<n>[,<cơ_sở>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:682
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
 msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
 msgstr "hiển thị <n> các mục “ref-log� gần nhất kể từ n�n (base)"
 
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:690
+msgid ""
+"--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, --independent or --merge-base"
+msgstr ""
+"--reflog là không tương thích với các tùy ch�n --all, --remotes, --"
+"independent hay --merge-base"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:714
+msgid "no branches given, and HEAD is not valid"
+msgstr "chưa đưa ra nhánh, và HEAD không hợp lệ"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:717
+msgid "--reflog option needs one branch name"
+msgstr "--reflog cần tên một nhánh"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "only %d entry can be shown at one time."
+msgid_plural "only %d entries can be shown at one time."
+msgstr[0] "chỉ có thể hiển thị cùng lúc %d hạng mục."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:724
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such ref %s"
+msgstr "không có tham chiếu nào như thế %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d rev."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d revs."
+msgstr[0] "không thể xử lý nhi�u hơn %d điểm xét duyệt."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:812
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid ref."
+msgstr "“%s� không phải tham chiếu hợp lệ."
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot find commit %s (%s)"
+msgstr "không thể tìm thấy lần chuyển giao %s (%s)"
+
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:10
 msgid ""
-"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
-"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<pattern>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
-"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [mẫu*] "
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<mẫu>…] "
 
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:11
-msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list"
-msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=mẫu] < ref-list"
+msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<mẫu>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:159
 msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị thẻ (có thể tổ hợp cùng với đầu)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:169
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:160
 msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị đầu (có thể tổ hợp cùng với thẻ)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:161
 msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
 msgstr ""
 "việc kiểm tra tham chiếu chính xác, đòi h�i chính xác đư�ng dẫn tham chiếu"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:173 builtin/show-ref.c:175
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:164 builtin/show-ref.c:166
 msgid "show the HEAD reference, even if it would be filtered out"
 msgstr "hiển thị tham chiếu HEAD, ngay cả khi nó đã được l�c ra"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:177
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
 msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
 msgstr "bãi b� tham chiếu các thẻ thành ra các ID đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:179
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
 msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị mã băm SHA1 sử dụng <n> chữ số"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:183
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:174
 msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
 msgstr ""
 "không hiển thị kết quả ra đầu ra chuẩn (stdout) (chỉ hữu dụng với --verify)"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:185
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
 msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
 msgstr ""
 "hiển thị các tham chiếu từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn (stdin) cái mà không ở kho nội "
 "bá»™"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:7
-msgid "git symbolic-ref [options] name [ref]"
-msgstr "git symbolic-ref [các-tùy-ch�n] tên [t.chiếu]"
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:18
+msgid "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:19
+msgid "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:36
+msgid "skip and remove all lines starting with comment character"
+msgstr "giữ và xóa b� m�i dòng bắt đầu bằng ký tự ghi chú"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:39
+msgid "prepend comment character and space to each line"
+msgstr "treo trước ký tự ghi chú và ký tự khoảng trắng cho từng dòng"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:37 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1688
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such ref: %s"
+msgstr "Không có tham chiếu nào như thế: %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:44 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1697
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expecting a full ref name, got %s"
+msgstr "Cần tên tham chiếu dạng đầy đủ, nhưng lại nhận được %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:61
+msgid "submodule--helper print-default-remote takes no arguments"
+msgstr "submodule--helper print-default-remote takes không nhận tham số"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể cắt b� một thành phần ra kh�i “%s� url"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:406 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1211
+msgid "alternative anchor for relative paths"
+msgstr "điểm neo thay thế cho các đư�ng dẫn tương đối"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:411
+msgid "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=</đư�ng/dẫn>] [</đư�ng/dẫn>…]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:462 builtin/submodule--helper.c:485
+#, c-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '%s' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr "Không tìm thấy url cho đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “%s� trong .gitmodules"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not lookup configuration '%s'. Assuming this repository is its own "
+"authoritative upstream."
+msgstr ""
+"không thể tìm thấy cấu hình “%s�. Coi rằng kho này là thượng nguồn có quy�n "
+"sở hữu chính nó."
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:511
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đăng ký url cho đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) registered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Mô-đun-con “%s� (%s) được đăng ký cho đư�ng dẫn “%s�\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:525
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: command update mode suggested for submodule '%s'\n"
+msgstr "cảnh báo: chế độ lệnh cập nhật được gợi ý cho mô-đun-con “%s�\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đăng ký chế độ cập nhật cho đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:554
+msgid "Suppress output for initializing a submodule"
+msgstr "Chặn kết xuất cho khởi tạo một mô-đun-con"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:559
+msgid "git submodule--helper init [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper init [</đư�ng/dẫn>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:631 builtin/submodule--helper.c:757
+#, c-format
+msgid "no submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"Không tìm thấy ánh xạ (mapping) mô-đun-con trong .gitmodules cho đư�ng dẫn "
+"“%s�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:670
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD ref inside the submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể phân giải tham chiếu HEAD bên trong mô-đun-con “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:697 builtin/submodule--helper.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đệ quy vào trong mô-đun-con “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:721 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1031
+msgid "Suppress submodule status output"
+msgstr "Chặn két xuất tình trạng mô-đun-con"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:722
+msgid ""
+"Use commit stored in the index instead of the one stored in the submodule "
+"HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"Dùng lần chuyển giao lưu trong mục lục thay cho cái được lưu trong HEAD mô-"
+"Ä‘un-con"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:723
+msgid "recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "đệ quy vào trong mô-đun-con lồng nhau"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:728
+msgid "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [</đư�ng/dẫn>…]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:752
+msgid "git submodule--helper name <path>"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper name </đư�ng/dẫn>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:816
+#, c-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '%s'\n"
+msgstr "url mô-đun-con đồng bộ hóa cho “%s�\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đăng ký url cho đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:836
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to get the default remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi lấy máy chủ mặc định cho mô-đun-con “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:847
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to update remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi cập nhật cho mô-đun-con “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:895
+msgid "Suppress output of synchronizing submodule url"
+msgstr "Chặn kết xuất cho đồng bộ url mô-đun-con"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:897
+msgid "Recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "�ệ quy vào trong các mô-đun-con lồng nhau"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:902
+msgid "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [</đư�ng/dẫn>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains a .git directory (use 'rm -rf' if you "
+"really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+"Cây làm việc mô-đun-con “%s� có chứa thư mục .git (dùng “rm -rf� nếu bạn "
+"thực sự muốn gỡ b� nó cùng với toàn bộ lịch sử của chúng)"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:968
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains local modifications; use '-f' to discard "
+"them"
+msgstr ""
+"Cây làm việc mô-đun-con “%s� chứa các thay đổi nội bộ; hãy dùng “-f� để loại "
+"b� chúng đi"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:976
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cleared directory '%s'\n"
+msgstr "�ã xóa thư mục “%s�\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:978
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Không thể gỡ b� cây làm việc mô-đun-con “%s�\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:987
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create empty submodule directory %s"
+msgstr "không thể tạo thư mục mô-đun-con rỗng “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) unregistered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Mô-đun-con “%s� (%s) được đăng ký cho đư�ng dẫn “%s�\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1032
+msgid "Remove submodule working trees even if they contain local changes"
+msgstr "Gỡ b� cây làm việc của mô-đun-con ngay cả khi nó có thay đổi nội bộ"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1033
+msgid "Unregister all submodules"
+msgstr "B� đăng ký tất cả các trong mô-đun-con"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1038
+msgid ""
+"git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--]  [</đư�ng/dẫn>…]]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1052
+msgid "Use '--all' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgstr "Dùng “--all� nếu bạn thực sự muốn hủy khởi tạo m�i mô-đun-con"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1145 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1148
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' cannot add alternate: %s"
+msgstr "mô-đun-con “%s� không thể thêm thay thế: %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1184
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateErrorStrategy is not recognized"
+msgstr "Giá trị “%s� cho submodule.alternateErrorStrategy không được thừa nhận"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1191
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateLocation is not recognized"
+msgstr "Giá trị “%s� cho submodule.alternateLocation không được thừa nhận"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1214
+msgid "where the new submodule will be cloned to"
+msgstr "nhân bản mô-đun-con mới vào chỗ nào"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1217
+msgid "name of the new submodule"
+msgstr "tên của mô-đun-con mới"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1220
+msgid "url where to clone the submodule from"
+msgstr "url nơi mà nhân bản mô-đun-con từ đó"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1228
+msgid "depth for shallow clones"
+msgstr "chi�u sâu lịch sử khi tạo bản sao"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1231 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1606
+msgid "force cloning progress"
+msgstr "ép buộc tiến trình nhân bản"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1236
+msgid ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<path>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<repository>] [--name <name>] [--depth <depth>] --url <url> --path <path>"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=</đư�ng/dẫn>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<kho>] [--name <tên>] [--depth <sâu>] [--url <url>] [</đư�ng/dẫn>…]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1267
+#, c-format
+msgid "clone of '%s' into submodule path '%s' failed"
+msgstr "Nhân bản “%s� vào đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “%s� gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1281
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get submodule directory for '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể lấy thư mục mô-đun-con cho “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1347
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule path '%s' not initialized"
+msgstr "�ư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “%s� chưa được khởi tạo"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1351
+msgid "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr "Có lẽ bạn là bạn muốn dùng \"update --init\" phải không?"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1380
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping unmerged submodule %s"
+msgstr "B� qua các mô-đun-con chưa được hòa trộn %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1409
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "B� qua mô-đun-con “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1544
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s'. Retry scheduled"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi nhân bản “%s�. Thử lại lịch trình"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1555
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s' a second time, aborting"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi nhân bản “%s� lần thứ hai nên bãi b�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1585 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1808
+msgid "path into the working tree"
+msgstr "đư�ng dẫn đến cây làm việc"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1588
+msgid "path into the working tree, across nested submodule boundaries"
+msgstr "đư�ng dẫn đến cây làm việc, chéo biên giới mô-đun-con lồng nhau"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1592
+msgid "rebase, merge, checkout or none"
+msgstr "rebase, merge, checkout hoặc không làm gì cả"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1598
+msgid "Create a shallow clone truncated to the specified number of revisions"
+msgstr ""
+"Tạo một bản sao nông được cắt ngắn thành số lượng điểm xét duyệt đã cho"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1601
+msgid "parallel jobs"
+msgstr "công việc đồng th�i"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1603
+msgid "whether the initial clone should follow the shallow recommendation"
+msgstr "nhân bản lần đầu có nên theo khuyến nghị là nông hay không"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1604
+msgid "don't print cloning progress"
+msgstr "đừng in tiến trình nhân bản"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1611
+msgid "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=</đư�ng/dẫn>] [</đư�ng/dẫn>…]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1624
+msgid "bad value for update parameter"
+msgstr "giá trị cho  tham số cập nhật bị sai"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1692
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule (%s) branch configured to inherit branch from superproject, but "
+"the superproject is not on any branch"
+msgstr ""
+"Nhánh mô-đun-con (%s) được cấu hình kế thừa nhánh từ siêu dự án, nhưng siêu "
+"dự án lại không trên bất kỳ nhánh nào"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1809
+msgid "recurse into submodules"
+msgstr "đệ quy vào trong mô-đun-con"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1815
+msgid "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [</đư�ng/dẫn>…]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1901
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s doesn't support --super-prefix"
+msgstr "%s không hỗ trợ --super-prefix"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1907
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid submodule--helper subcommand"
+msgstr "“%s� không phải là lệnh con submodule--helper hợp lệ"
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:8
-msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] name"
-msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] tên"
+msgid "git symbolic-ref [<options>] <name> [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <tên> [<t.chiếu>]"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:9
+msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <name>"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <tên>"
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40
 msgid "suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"
@@ -9645,62 +14549,51 @@ msgstr "xóa tham chiếu m�m"
 msgid "shorten ref output"
 msgstr "làm ngắn kết xuất ref (tham chiếu)"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:358
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
 msgid "reason"
 msgstr "lý do"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:358
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
 msgid "reason of the update"
 msgstr "lý do cập nhật"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:22
+#: builtin/tag.c:24
 msgid ""
-"git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]"
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>] <tagname> "
+"[<head>]"
 msgstr ""
-"git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <tập-tin>] <tên-thẻ> [<head>]"
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <tập-tin>] <tên-thẻ> "
+"[<head>]"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:23
+#: builtin/tag.c:25
 msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
 msgstr "git tag -d <tên-thẻ>…"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:24
+#: builtin/tag.c:26
 msgid ""
-"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>] \n"
-"\t\t[<pattern>...]"
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--no-contains <commit>] [--"
+"points-at <object>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<format>] [--[no-]merged [<commit>]] [<pattern>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <đối-tượng>] \n"
-"\t\t[<mẫu>…]"
+"git tag -l [-n[<số>]] [--contains <lần_chuyển_giao>] [--no-contains "
+"<lần_chuyển_giao>] [--points-at <đối-tượng>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<định_dạng>] [--[no-]merged [<lần_chuyển_giao>]] [<mẫu>…]"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:26
-msgid "git tag -v <tagname>..."
-msgstr "git tag -v <tên-thẻ>…"
+#: builtin/tag.c:28
+msgid "git tag -v [--format=<format>] <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -v [--format=<định_dạng>]  <tên-thẻ>…"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:69
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
-msgstr "đối tượng dị hình tại “%s�"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:301
-#, c-format
-msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
-msgstr "tên thẻ quá dài: %.*s…"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:306
+#: builtin/tag.c:86
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' not found."
 msgstr "không tìm thấy tìm thấy thẻ “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:321
+#: builtin/tag.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
-msgstr "Thẻ đã bị xóa “%s� (trước là %s)\n"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:333
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
-msgstr "không thể thẩm tra thẻ “%s�"
+msgstr "Thẻ đã bị xóa “%s� (từng là %s)\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:343
+#: builtin/tag.c:132
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -9713,7 +14606,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "  %s\n"
 "Những dòng được bắt đầu bằng “%c� sẽ được b� qua.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:347
+#: builtin/tag.c:136
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -9723,367 +14616,797 @@ msgid ""
 "want to.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"Viết các ghi chú cho (thẻ) tag\n"
+"Viết các ghi chú cho thẻ:\n"
 "  %s\n"
 "Những dòng được bắt đầu bằng “%c� sẽ được giữ lại; bạn có thể xóa chúng đi "
 "nếu muốn.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:371
-#, c-format
-msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s'"
-msgstr "không hỗ trợ đặc tả sắp xếp “%s�"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:373
-#, c-format
-msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s' in variable '%s'"
-msgstr "không hỗ trợ đặc tả sắp xếp “%s� trong biến “%s�"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:428
+#: builtin/tag.c:190
 msgid "unable to sign the tag"
 msgstr "không thể ký thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:430
+#: builtin/tag.c:192
 msgid "unable to write tag file"
 msgstr "không thể ghi vào tập tin lưu thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:455
+#: builtin/tag.c:217
 msgid "bad object type."
 msgstr "kiểu đối tượng sai."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:468
-msgid "tag header too big."
-msgstr "đầu thẻ (tag) quá lớn."
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:504
+#: builtin/tag.c:266
 msgid "no tag message?"
 msgstr "không có chú thích gì cho cho thẻ à?"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:510
+#: builtin/tag.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
 msgstr "Nội dung ghi chú còn lại %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:559
-msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
-msgstr "chuyển đến “points-at� yêu cần một đối tượng"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:561
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
-msgstr "tên đối tượng dị hình “%s�"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:589
+#: builtin/tag.c:382
 msgid "list tag names"
 msgstr "chỉ liệt kê tên các thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:591
+#: builtin/tag.c:384
 msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
 msgstr "hiển thị <n> dòng cho mỗi ghi chú"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:593
+#: builtin/tag.c:386
 msgid "delete tags"
 msgstr "xóa thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:594
+#: builtin/tag.c:387
 msgid "verify tags"
 msgstr "thẩm tra thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:596
+#: builtin/tag.c:389
 msgid "Tag creation options"
-msgstr "Tùy ch�n tạo tag"
+msgstr "Tùy ch�n tạo thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:598
+#: builtin/tag.c:391
 msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
 msgstr "để chú giải cho thẻ, cần một l�i ghi chú"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:600
+#: builtin/tag.c:393
 msgid "tag message"
-msgstr "tin nhắn cho thẻ (tag)"
+msgstr "phần chú thích cho thẻ"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:395
+msgid "force edit of tag message"
+msgstr "ép buộc sửa thẻ lần commit"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:602
+#: builtin/tag.c:396
 msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
 msgstr "thẻ chú giải và ký kiểu GPG"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:606
+#: builtin/tag.c:400
 msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
 msgstr "dùng kháo khác để ký thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:607
+#: builtin/tag.c:401
 msgid "replace the tag if exists"
-msgstr "thay thế nếu tag đó đã có trước"
+msgstr "thay thế nếu thẻ đó đã có trước"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:608
-msgid "show tag list in columns"
-msgstr "hiển thị danh sách thẻ trong các cột"
+#: builtin/tag.c:402 builtin/update-ref.c:368
+msgid "create a reflog"
+msgstr "tạo một reflog"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:610
-msgid "sort tags"
-msgstr "sắp xếp các thẻ"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:614
+#: builtin/tag.c:404
 msgid "Tag listing options"
 msgstr "Các tùy ch�n liệt kê thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:617 builtin/tag.c:623
+#: builtin/tag.c:405
+msgid "show tag list in columns"
+msgstr "hiển thị danh sách thẻ trong các cột"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:406 builtin/tag.c:408
 msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những nhánh mà nó chứa lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:629
+#: builtin/tag.c:407 builtin/tag.c:409
+msgid "print only tags that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những thẻ mà nó không chứa lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:410
+msgid "print only tags that are merged"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những thẻ mà nó được hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:411
+msgid "print only tags that are not merged"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những thẻ mà nó không được hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:416
 msgid "print only tags of the object"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị các thẻ của đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:655
+#: builtin/tag.c:460
 msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column và -n xung khắc nhau"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:667
-msgid "--sort and -n are incompatible"
-msgstr "--sort và -n xung khắc nhau"
+#: builtin/tag.c:482
+msgid "-n option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "tùy ch�n -n chỉ cho phép dùng trong chế độ liệt kê"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:674
-msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "tùy ch�n -n chỉ cho phép dùng với -l."
+#: builtin/tag.c:484
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "tùy ch�n --contains chỉ cho phép dùng trong chế độ liệt kê"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:676
-msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "tùy ch�n --contains chỉ cho phép dùng với -l."
+#: builtin/tag.c:486
+msgid "--no-contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "tùy ch�n --no-contains chỉ cho phép dùng trong chế độ liệt kê"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:678
-msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "tùy ch�n --points-at chỉ cho phép dùng với -l."
+#: builtin/tag.c:488
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "tùy ch�n --points-at chỉ cho phép dùng trong chế độ liệt kê"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:490
+msgid "--merged and --no-merged options are only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr ""
+"tùy ch�n --merged và --no-merged chỉ cho phép dùng trong chế độ liệt kê"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:686
+#: builtin/tag.c:501
 msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
 msgstr "chỉ có một tùy ch�n -F hoặc -m là được phép."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:706
+#: builtin/tag.c:520
 msgid "too many params"
 msgstr "quá nhi�u đối số"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:712
+#: builtin/tag.c:526
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
 msgstr "“%s� không phải thẻ hợp lệ."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:717
+#: builtin/tag.c:531
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
 msgstr "Thẻ “%s� đã tồn tại rồi"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:741
+#: builtin/tag.c:562
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
 msgstr "�ã cập nhật thẻ “%s� (trước là %s)\n"
 
-#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:489
+#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:498
 msgid "Unpacking objects"
 msgstr "�ang giải nén các đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:403
-msgid "git update-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git update-index [các-tùy-ch�n] [<tập-tin>…]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory %s"
+msgstr "tạo thư mục \"%s\" gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi lấy thông tin thống kê v� %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create file %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi tạo tập tin %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete file %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi xóa tập tin %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:113 builtin/update-index.c:219
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete directory %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi xóa thư mục %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:138
+#, c-format
+msgid "Testing mtime in '%s' "
+msgstr "�ang kiểm thử mtime trong “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:152
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new file"
+msgstr "thông tin thống kê thư mục không thay đổi sau khi thêm tập tin mới"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:756
+#: builtin/update-index.c:165
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new directory"
+msgstr "thông tin thống kê thư mục không thay đổi sau khi thêm thư mục mới"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:178
+msgid "directory stat info changes after updating a file"
+msgstr "thông tin thống kê thư mục thay đổi sau khi cập nhật tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:189
+msgid "directory stat info changes after adding a file inside subdirectory"
+msgstr ""
+"thông tin thống kê thư mục thay đổi sau khi thêm tập tin mới vào trong thư "
+"mục con"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:200
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a file"
+msgstr "thông tin thống kê thư mục không thay đổi sau khi xóa tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:213
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a directory"
+msgstr "thông tin thống kê thư mục không thay đổi sau khi xóa thư mục"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:220
+msgid " OK"
+msgstr " �ồng ý"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:589
+msgid "git update-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git update-index [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [--] [<tập-tin>…]"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:946
 msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
 msgstr "tiếp tục làm mới ngay cả khi bảng mục lục cần được cập nhật"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:759
+#: builtin/update-index.c:949
 msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
 msgstr "refresh: l� đi mô-đun-con"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:762
+#: builtin/update-index.c:952
 msgid "do not ignore new files"
 msgstr "không b� qua các tập tin mới tạo"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:764
+#: builtin/update-index.c:954
 msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
 msgstr "để các tập tin thay thế các thư mục và “vice-versa�"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:766
+#: builtin/update-index.c:956
 msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
 msgstr "thông báo các tập-tin thiếu trong thư-mục làm việc"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:768
+#: builtin/update-index.c:958
 msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
 msgstr ""
 "làm tươi mới thậm chí khi bảng mục lục chứa các mục tin chưa được hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:771
+#: builtin/update-index.c:961
 msgid "refresh stat information"
 msgstr "lấy lại thông tin thống kê"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:775
+#: builtin/update-index.c:965
 msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
 msgstr "giống --refresh, nhưng b� qua các cài đặt “assume-unchanged�"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:779
+#: builtin/update-index.c:969
 msgid "<mode>,<object>,<path>"
 msgstr "<chế_độ>,<đối_tượng>,<đư�ng_dẫn>"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:780
+#: builtin/update-index.c:970
 msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
 msgstr "thêm các tập tin đã chỉ ra vào bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:784
-msgid "(+/-)x"
-msgstr "(+/-)x"
-
-#: builtin/update-index.c:785
-msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
-msgstr "ghi đè lên bít thi hành của các tập tin được liệt kê"
-
-#: builtin/update-index.c:789
+#: builtin/update-index.c:979
 msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
 msgstr "�ánh dấu các tập tin là \"không thay đổi\""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:792
+#: builtin/update-index.c:982
 msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
 msgstr "xóa bít assumed-unchanged (giả định là không thay đổi)"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:795
+#: builtin/update-index.c:985
 msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
 msgstr "đánh dấu các tập tin là “chỉ-đ�c�"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:798
+#: builtin/update-index.c:988
 msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
 msgstr "xóa bít skip-worktree"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:801
+#: builtin/update-index.c:991
 msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
 msgstr ""
 "chỉ thêm vào bảng mục lục; không thêm nội dung vào cơ sở dữ liệu đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:803
+#: builtin/update-index.c:993
 msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
 msgstr ""
 "gỡ b� các đư�ng dẫn được đặt tên thậm chí cả khi nó hiện diện trong thư mục "
 "làm việc"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:805
+#: builtin/update-index.c:995
 msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
 msgstr "với tùy ch�n --stdin: các dòng đầu vào được chấm dứt bởi ký tự null"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:807
+#: builtin/update-index.c:997
 msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
 msgstr "đ�c danh sách đư�ng dẫn cần cập nhật từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:811
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1001
 msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c các mục từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn vào bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:815
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1005
 msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
 msgstr "phục hồi các trạng thái #2 và #3 cho các đư�ng dẫn được liệt kê"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:819
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1009
 msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
 msgstr "chỉ cập nhật các mục tin mà nó khác biệt so với HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:823
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1013
 msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
 msgstr "b� qua các tập-tin thiếu trong thư-mục làm việc"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:826
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1016
 msgid "report actions to standard output"
 msgstr "báo cáo các thao tác ra thiết bị xuất chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:828
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1018
 msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
 msgstr "(cho “porcelains�) quên các xung đột chưa được giải quyết đã ghi"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:832
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1022
 msgid "write index in this format"
 msgstr "ghi mục lục ở định dạng này"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:834
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1024
 msgid "enable or disable split index"
 msgstr "bật/tắt chia cắt bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:9
-msgid "git update-ref [options] -d <refname> [<oldval>]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [các-tùy-ch�n] -d <refname> [<biến-cũ>]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1026
+msgid "enable/disable untracked cache"
+msgstr "bật/tắt bộ đệm không theo vết"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1028
+msgid "test if the filesystem supports untracked cache"
+msgstr "kiểm tra xem hệ thống tập tin có hỗ trợ đệm không theo dõi hay không"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1030
+msgid "enable untracked cache without testing the filesystem"
+msgstr "bật bộ đệm không theo vết mà không kiểm tra hệ thống tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1032
+msgid "write out the index even if is not flagged as changed"
+msgstr "ghi ra mục lục ngay cả khi không được đánh c� là có thay đổi"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1034
+msgid "enable or disable file system monitor"
+msgstr "bật/tắt theo dõi hệ thống tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1036
+msgid "mark files as fsmonitor valid"
+msgstr "đánh dấu các tập tin là hợp lệ fsmonitor"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1039
+msgid "clear fsmonitor valid bit"
+msgstr "xóa bít hợp lệ fsmonitor"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1138
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"enable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex được đặt là sai; xóa b� hay thay đổi nó, nếu bạn thực sự "
+"muốn bật chia tách mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1147
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"disable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex được đặt là đúng; xóa b� hay thay đổi nó, nếu bạn thực sự "
+"muốn tắt chia tách mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1158
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to disable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache được đặt là đúng; xóa b� hay thay đổi nó, nếu bạn thực "
+"sự muốn tắt bộ đệm chưa theo dõi"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1162
+msgid "Untracked cache disabled"
+msgstr "Nhớ đệm không theo vết bị tắt"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1170
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to enable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache được đặt là sai; xóa b� hay thay đổi nó, nếu bạn thực sự "
+"muốn bật bộ đệm chưa theo dõi"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1174
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked cache enabled for '%s'"
+msgstr "Nhớ đệm không theo vết được bật cho “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1182
+msgid "core.fsmonitor is unset; set it if you really want to enable fsmonitor"
+msgstr ""
+"core.fsmonitor chưa được đặt; đặt nó nếu bạn thực sự muốn bật theo dõi hệ "
+"thống tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1186
+msgid "fsmonitor enabled"
+msgstr "fsmonitor được bật"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1189
+msgid ""
+"core.fsmonitor is set; remove it if you really want to disable fsmonitor"
+msgstr ""
+"core.fsmonitor đã được đặt; b� đặt nó nếu bạn thực sự muốn bật theo dõi hệ "
+"thống tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1193
+msgid "fsmonitor disabled"
+msgstr "fsmonitor bị tắt"
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:10
-msgid "git update-ref [options]    <refname> <newval> [<oldval>]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [các-tùy-ch�n]    <refname> <biến-mới> [<biến-cũ>]"
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] -d <refname> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<các-tùy-ch�n>] -d <refname> [<biến-cũ>]"
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:11
-msgid "git update-ref [options] --stdin [-z]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [các-tùy-ch�n] --stdin [-z]"
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>]    <refname> <new-val> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<các-tùy-ch�n>]    <refname> <biến-mới> [<biến-cũ>]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:12
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] --stdin [-z]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<các-tùy-ch�n>] --stdin [-z]"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:359
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
 msgid "delete the reference"
 msgstr "xóa tham chiếu"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:361
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:365
 msgid "update <refname> not the one it points to"
 msgstr "cập nhật <tên-tham-chiếu> không phải cái nó chỉ tới"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:362
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:366
 msgid "stdin has NUL-terminated arguments"
 msgstr "đầu vào tiêu chuẩn có các đối số được chấm dứt bởi NUL"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:367
 msgid "read updates from stdin"
 msgstr "đ�c cập nhật từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/update-server-info.c:6
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:7
 msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
 msgstr "git update-server-info [--force]"
 
-#: builtin/update-server-info.c:14
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:15
 msgid "update the info files from scratch"
 msgstr "cập nhật các tập tin thông tin từ điểm xuất phát"
 
-#: builtin/verify-commit.c:17
-msgid "git verify-commit [-v|--verbose] <commit>..."
-msgstr "git verify-commit [-v|--verbose] <lần_chuyển_giao>…"
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:11
+msgid "git upload-pack [<options>] <dir>"
+msgstr "git upload-pack [<các-tùy-ch�n>] </đư�ng/dẫn>"
 
-#: builtin/verify-commit.c:75
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:25
+msgid "exit immediately after initial ref advertisement"
+msgstr "thoát ngay sau khi khởi tạo quảng cáo tham chiếu"
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:27
+msgid "do not try <directory>/.git/ if <directory> is no Git directory"
+msgstr "đừng thử <thư_mục>/.git/ nếu <thư_mục> không phải là thư mục Git"
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:29
+msgid "interrupt transfer after <n> seconds of inactivity"
+msgstr "ngắt truy�n thông sau <n> giây không hoạt động"
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:18
+msgid "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <lần_chuyển_giao>…"
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:73
 msgid "print commit contents"
 msgstr "hiển thị nội dung của lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:54
-msgid "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>..."
-msgstr "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <gói>…"
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:74 builtin/verify-tag.c:38
+msgid "print raw gpg status output"
+msgstr "in kết xuất trạng thái gpg dạng thô"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:55
+msgid "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <pack>..."
+msgstr "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <gói>…"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:64
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:65
 msgid "verbose"
 msgstr "chi tiết"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:66
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:67
 msgid "show statistics only"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị thống kê"
 
-#: builtin/verify-tag.c:17
-msgid "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>..."
-msgstr "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <thẻ>…"
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:19
+msgid "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<format>] <tag>..."
+msgstr "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<định_dạng>] <thẻ>…"
 
-#: builtin/verify-tag.c:73
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:37
 msgid "print tag contents"
 msgstr "hiển thị nội dung của thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:13
+#: builtin/worktree.c:17
+msgid "git worktree add [<options>] <path> [<commit-ish>]"
+msgstr "git worktree add [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <đư�ng-dẫn> [<commit-ish>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:18
+msgid "git worktree list [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree list [<các-tùy-ch�n>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:19
+msgid "git worktree lock [<options>] <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree lock [<các-tùy-ch�n>] </đư�ng/dẫn>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:20
+msgid "git worktree move <worktree> <new-path>"
+msgstr "git worktree move <worktree> </đư�ng/dẫn/mới>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:21
+msgid "git worktree prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree prune [<các-tùy-ch�n>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:22
+msgid "git worktree remove [<options>] <worktree>"
+msgstr "git worktree remove [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <worktree>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:23
+msgid "git worktree unlock <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree unlock </đư�ng/dẫn>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: not a valid directory"
+msgstr "Gỡ b� cây làm việc/%s: không phải là thư mục hợp lệ"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:64
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file does not exist"
+msgstr "Gỡ b� cây làm việc/%s: không có tập tin gitdir"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:69 builtin/worktree.c:78
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: unable to read gitdir file (%s)"
+msgstr "Gỡ b� cây làm việc/%s: không thể đ�c tập tin gitdir (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Removing worktrees/%s: short read (expected %<PRIuMAX> bytes, read "
+"%<PRIuMAX>)"
+msgstr "Gỡ b� cây làm việc/%s: đ�c ngắn (cần %<PRIuMAX> byte, đ�c %<PRIuMAX>)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:96
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: invalid gitdir file"
+msgstr "Gỡ b� cây làm việc/%s: tập tin gitdir không hợp lệ"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file points to non-existent location"
+msgstr "Gỡ b� cây làm việc/%s: tập tin gitdir chỉ đến vị trí không tồn tại"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:152
+msgid "report pruned working trees"
+msgstr "báo cáo các cây làm việc đã prune"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:154
+msgid "expire working trees older than <time>"
+msgstr "các cây làm việc hết hạn cũ hơn khoảng <th�i gian>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:229
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' already exists"
+msgstr "“%s� đã có từ trước rồi"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:260
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory of '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể tạo thư mục của “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:373 builtin/worktree.c:379
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (new branch '%s')"
+msgstr "�ang chuẩn bị cây làm việc (nhánh mới “%s�)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:375
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (resetting branch '%s'; was at %s)"
+msgstr "�ang chuẩn bị cây làm việc (đang cài đặt nhánh “%s�, trước đây tại %s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:384
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (checking out '%s')"
+msgstr "�ang chuẩn bị cây làm việc (đang lấy ra “%s�)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:390
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (detached HEAD %s)"
+msgstr "�ang chuẩn bị cây làm việc (HEAD đã tách r�i “%s�)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:431
+msgid "checkout <branch> even if already checked out in other worktree"
+msgstr "lấy ra <nhánh> ngay cả khi nó đã được lấy ra ở cây làm việc khác"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:434
+msgid "create a new branch"
+msgstr "tạo nhánh mới"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:436
+msgid "create or reset a branch"
+msgstr "tạo hay đặt lại một nhánh"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:438
+msgid "populate the new working tree"
+msgstr "di chuyển cây làm việc mới"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:439
+msgid "keep the new working tree locked"
+msgstr "giữ cây làm việc mới bị khóa"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:441
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-branch(1))"
+msgstr "cài đặt chế độ theo dõi (xem git-branch(1))"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:444
+msgid "try to match the new branch name with a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "có khớp tên tên nhánh mới với một nhánh theo dõi máy chủ"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:452
+msgid "-b, -B, and --detach are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "Các tùy ch�n -b, -B, và --detach loại từ lẫn nhau"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:511
+msgid "--[no-]track can only be used if a new branch is created"
+msgstr "--[no-]track chỉ có thể được dùng nếu một nhánh mới được tạo"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:611
+msgid "reason for locking"
+msgstr "lý do khóa"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:623 builtin/worktree.c:656 builtin/worktree.c:710
+#: builtin/worktree.c:850
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a working tree"
+msgstr "%s không phải là cây làm việc"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:625 builtin/worktree.c:658
+msgid "The main working tree cannot be locked or unlocked"
+msgstr "Cây thư mục làm việc chính không thể khóa hay b� khóa được"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:630
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked, reason: %s"
+msgstr "“%s� đã được khóa rồi, lý do: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked"
+msgstr "“%s� đã được khóa rồi"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:660
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not locked"
+msgstr "“%s� chưa bị khóa"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:685
+msgid "working trees containing submodules cannot be moved or removed"
+msgstr "cây làm việc có chứa mô-đun-con không thể di chuyển hay xóa b�"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:712 builtin/worktree.c:852
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is a main working tree"
+msgstr "“%s� là cây làm việc chính"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not figure out destination name from '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể phác h�a ra tên đích đến “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "target '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "đích “%s� đã tồn tại rồi"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr "không thể di chuyển một cây-làm-việc bị khóa, khóa vì: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:732
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree"
+msgstr "không thể di chuyển một cây-làm-việc bị khóa"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:735
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot move working tree: %s"
+msgstr "thẩm tra gặp lỗi, không thể di chuyển một cây-làm-việc: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:740
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to move '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi chuyển “%s� sang “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:788
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi chạy “git status� vào “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:792
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is dirty, use --force to delete it"
+msgstr "“%s� đang bẩn, hãy dùng --force để xóa nó"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:797
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s', code %d"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi chạy “git status� trong “%s�, mã %d"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:808 builtin/worktree.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi xóa “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:834
+msgid "force removing even if the worktree is dirty"
+msgstr "ép buộc di chuyển thậm chí cả khi cây làm việc đang bẩn"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:856
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr "không thể gỡ b� một cây-làm-việc bị khóa, khóa vì: %s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:858
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree"
+msgstr "không thể gỡ b� một cây-làm-việc bị khóa"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:861
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot remove working tree: %s"
+msgstr "thẩm tra gặp lỗi, không thể gỡ b� một cây-làm-việc: %s"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:14
 msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
 msgstr "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<ti�n-tố>/]"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:26
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
 msgid "<prefix>/"
 msgstr "<ti�n tố>/"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:28
 msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
 msgstr "ghi đối tượng cây (tree) cho <ti�n tố> thư mục con"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:30
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:31
 msgid "only useful for debugging"
 msgstr "chỉ hữu ích khi cần gỡ lỗi"
 
-#: credential-cache--daemon.c:267
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The permissions on your socket directory are too loose; other\n"
+"users may be able to read your cached credentials. Consider running:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Quy�n hạn trên thư mục gói mạng của bạn không chính xác; ngư�i dùng\n"
+"khác có lẽ có thể đ�c được chứng thư được lưu đệm của bạn. Cân nhắc chạy:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
+
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:271
 msgid "print debugging messages to stderr"
 msgstr "in thông tin gỡ lỗi ra đầu ra lỗi tiêu chuẩn"
 
-#: git.c:14
+#: git.c:27
+msgid ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--"
+"bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]\n"
+"           <command> [<args>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C </đư�ng/dẫn/>] [-c <tên>=<giá trị>]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=</đư�ng/dẫn/>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-"
+"path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | -P --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--"
+"bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=</đư�ng/dẫn/>] [--work-tree=</đư�ng/dẫn/>] [--"
+"namespace=<tên>]\n"
+"           <lệnh> [<các tham số>]"
+
+#: git.c:34
 msgid ""
 "'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some\n"
 "concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
@@ -10093,405 +15416,869 @@ msgstr ""
 "hướng dẫn v� khái niệm. Xem “git help <lệnh>� hay “git help <khái-niệm>�\n"
 "để xem các đặc tả cho lệnh hay khái niệm cụ thể."
 
-#: common-cmds.h:8
+#: git.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --git-dir\n"
+msgstr "chưa chỉ ra thư mục cho --git-dir\n"
+
+#: git.c:187
+#, c-format
+msgid "no namespace given for --namespace\n"
+msgstr "chưa đưa ra không gian làm việc cho --namespace\n"
+
+#: git.c:201
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --work-tree\n"
+msgstr "chưa đưa ra cây làm việc cho --work-tree\n"
+
+#: git.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "no prefix given for --super-prefix\n"
+msgstr "chưa đưa ra ti�n tố cho --super-prefix\n"
+
+#: git.c:237
+#, c-format
+msgid "-c expects a configuration string\n"
+msgstr "-c cần một chuỗi cấu hình\n"
+
+#: git.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for -C\n"
+msgstr ""
+"chưa đưa ra thư mục cho -C\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git.c:300
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option: %s\n"
+msgstr "không hiểu tùy ch�n: %s\n"
+
+#: git.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid "expansion of alias '%s' failed; '%s' is not a git command\n"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi khai triển bí danh “%s�; “%s� không phải là lệnh git\n"
+
+#: git.c:777
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run command '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi chạy lệnh “%s�: %s\n"
+
+#: http.c:348
+#, c-format
+msgid "negative value for http.postbuffer; defaulting to %d"
+msgstr "giá trị âm cho http.postbuffer; mặc định là %d"
+
+#: http.c:369
+msgid "Delegation control is not supported with cURL < 7.22.0"
+msgstr "�i�u khiển giao quy�n không được hỗ trợ với cURL < 7.22.0"
+
+#: http.c:378
+msgid "Public key pinning not supported with cURL < 7.44.0"
+msgstr "Chốt khóa công không được hỗ trợ với cURL < 7.44.0"
+
+#: http.c:1854
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unable to update url base from redirection:\n"
+"  asked for: %s\n"
+"   redirect: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"không thể cập nhật dựa trên cơ sở url từ chuyển hướng:\n"
+"      h�i cho: %s\n"
+" chuyển hướng: %s"
+
+#: remote-curl.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "redirecting to %s"
+msgstr "chuyển hướng đến %s"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:59
+msgid "args"
+msgstr "các_tham_số"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:60
+msgid "object filtering"
+msgstr "l�c đối tượng"
+
+#: parse-options.h:157
+msgid "expiry-date"
+msgstr "ngày hết hạn"
+
+#: parse-options.h:172
+msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
+msgstr "no-op (tương thích ngược)"
+
+#: parse-options.h:251
+msgid "be more verbose"
+msgstr "chi tiết hơn nữa"
+
+#: parse-options.h:253
+msgid "be more quiet"
+msgstr "im lặng hơn nữa"
+
+#: parse-options.h:259
+msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
+msgstr "sử dụng <n> chữ số để hiển thị SHA-1s"
+
+#: command-list.h:50
 msgid "Add file contents to the index"
 msgstr "Thêm nội dung tập tin vào bảng mục lục"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:9
-msgid "Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug"
-msgstr "Tìm kiếm bằng đi�u tra nhị phân các thay đổi mà nó bắt đầu lỗi"
+#: command-list.h:51
+msgid "Apply a series of patches from a mailbox"
+msgstr "�p dụng một chuỗi các miếng và từ một mailbox"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:10
+#: command-list.h:52
+msgid "Annotate file lines with commit information"
+msgstr "Các dòng diễn giải tập tin với thông tin chuyển giao"
+
+#: command-list.h:53
+msgid "Apply a patch to files and/or to the index"
+msgstr ""
+"�p dụng một miếng vá cho các tập tin đã chỉ ra và/hoặc vào bảng mục lục"
+
+#: command-list.h:54
+msgid "Import an Arch repository into Git"
+msgstr "Nhập một kho Arch vào một kho Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:55
+msgid "Create an archive of files from a named tree"
+msgstr "Tạo một kho nén các tập tin từ cây làm việc có tên"
+
+#: command-list.h:56
+msgid "Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug"
+msgstr "Tìm kiếm dạng nhị phân để tìm ra lần chuyển giao nào đưa ra lỗi"
+
+#: command-list.h:57
+msgid "Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file"
+msgstr ""
+"Hiển thị số hiệu phiên bản và tác giả sửa đổi cuối cho từng dòng của một tập "
+"tin"
+
+#: command-list.h:58
 msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
 msgstr "Liệt kê, tạo hay là xóa các nhánh"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:11
-msgid "Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree"
-msgstr "Lấy ra một nhánh hay các đư�ng dẫn tới cây làm việc"
+#: command-list.h:59
+msgid "Move objects and refs by archive"
+msgstr "Di chuyển các đối tượng và tham chiếu theo kho lưu"
+
+#: command-list.h:60
+msgid "Provide content or type and size information for repository objects"
+msgstr "Cung cấp nội dung hoặc thông tin v� kiểu và cỡ cho các đối tượng kho"
+
+#: command-list.h:61
+msgid "Display gitattributes information"
+msgstr "Hiển thị thông tin gitattributes"
+
+#: command-list.h:62
+msgid "Debug gitignore / exclude files"
+msgstr "Gỡ lỗi các tập tin gitignore / exclude"
+
+#: command-list.h:63
+msgid "Show canonical names and email addresses of contacts"
+msgstr "Hiển thị tên và địa chỉ thư điện tử của các liên hệ dạng chuẩn hóa"
+
+#: command-list.h:64
+msgid "Switch branches or restore working tree files"
+msgstr "Chuyển các nhánh hoặc phục hồi lại các tập tin cây làm việc"
+
+#: command-list.h:65
+msgid "Copy files from the index to the working tree"
+msgstr "Sao chép các tập tin từ mục lục ra cây làm việc"
+
+#: command-list.h:66
+msgid "Ensures that a reference name is well formed"
+msgstr "�ảm bảo rằng một tên tham chiếu ở dạng thức tốt"
+
+#: command-list.h:67
+msgid "Find commits yet to be applied to upstream"
+msgstr "Tìm những lần chuyển giao còn chưa được áp dụng lên thượng nguồn"
+
+#: command-list.h:68
+msgid "Apply the changes introduced by some existing commits"
+msgstr "�p dụng các thay đổi được đưa ra bởi một số lần chuyển giao sẵn có"
+
+#: command-list.h:69
+msgid "Graphical alternative to git-commit"
+msgstr "Tương tác đồ h�a với git-commit"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:12
+#: command-list.h:70
+msgid "Remove untracked files from the working tree"
+msgstr "Gỡ b� các tập tin không được theo dõi từ cây làm việc"
+
+#: command-list.h:71
 msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
 msgstr "Nhân bản một kho chứa đến một thư mục mới"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:13
+#: command-list.h:72
+msgid "Display data in columns"
+msgstr "Hiển thị dữ liệu dạng các cột"
+
+#: command-list.h:73
 msgid "Record changes to the repository"
 msgstr "Ghi các thay đổi vào kho chứa"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:14
+#: command-list.h:74
+msgid "Write and verify Git commit graph files"
+msgstr "Ghi và thẩm tra các tập tin đồ h�a các l�n chuyển giao git"
+
+#: command-list.h:75
+msgid "Create a new commit object"
+msgstr "Tạo một đối tượng chuyển giao"
+
+#: command-list.h:76
+msgid "Get and set repository or global options"
+msgstr "Lấy và đặt kho hoặc các tùy ch�n toàn cục"
+
+#: command-list.h:77
+msgid "Count unpacked number of objects and their disk consumption"
+msgstr ""
+"�ếm số lượng đối tượng chưa được đóng gói và mức tiêu dùng đĩa của chúng"
+
+#: command-list.h:78
+msgid "Retrieve and store user credentials"
+msgstr "Nhận và lưu chứng nhận của ngư�i dùng"
+
+#: command-list.h:79
+msgid "Helper to temporarily store passwords in memory"
+msgstr "Bộ hỗ trợ để lưu mật khẩu tạm th�i trong bộ nhớ"
+
+#: command-list.h:80
+msgid "Helper to store credentials on disk"
+msgstr "Bộ hỗ trợ để lưu chứng nhận vào đĩa"
+
+#: command-list.h:81
+msgid "Export a single commit to a CVS checkout"
+msgstr "Xuất một lần chuyển giao thành một lần lấy ra CVS"
+
+#: command-list.h:82
+msgid "Salvage your data out of another SCM people love to hate"
+msgstr "Xem xét giá trị dữ liệu của bạn kh�i ngư�i khác yêu SCM để ghét"
+
+#: command-list.h:83
+msgid "A CVS server emulator for Git"
+msgstr "Một bộ mô ph�ng máy dịch vụ CVS cho Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:84
+msgid "A really simple server for Git repositories"
+msgstr "Một máy phục vụ thực sự đơn giản dành cho kho Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:85
+msgid "Give an object a human readable name based on an available ref"
+msgstr ""
+"�ưa ra một đối tượng dựa trên một tên ở dạng con ngư�i đ�c được trên một "
+"tham chiếu sẵn có"
+
+#: command-list.h:86
 msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
 msgstr ""
-"Xem các thay đổi giữa những lần chuyển giao,\n"
-"               giữa một lần chuyển giao và cây làm việc, v.v.."
+"Xem các thay đổi giữa những lần chuyển giao, giữa một lần chuyển giao và cây "
+"làm việc, v.v.."
+
+#: command-list.h:87
+msgid "Compares files in the working tree and the index"
+msgstr "So sánh các tập tin trong cây làm việc và bảng mục lục"
+
+#: command-list.h:88
+msgid "Compare a tree to the working tree or index"
+msgstr "So sánh các cây trong cây làm việc hoặc bảng mục lục"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:15
+#: command-list.h:89
+msgid "Compares the content and mode of blobs found via two tree objects"
+msgstr ""
+"So sánh nội dung và chế độ của các blob tìm thấy thông qua hai đối tượng cây"
+
+#: command-list.h:90
+msgid "Show changes using common diff tools"
+msgstr "Hiển thị các thay đổi sử dụng các công cụ diff chung"
+
+#: command-list.h:91
+msgid "Git data exporter"
+msgstr "Bộ xuất dữ liệu Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:92
+msgid "Backend for fast Git data importers"
+msgstr "Ứng dụng chạy phía sau cho bộ nhập nhanh dữ liệu Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:93
 msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
 msgstr "Tải v� các đối tượng và tham chiếu từ kho chứa khác"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:16
+#: command-list.h:94
+msgid "Receive missing objects from another repository"
+msgstr "Tải v� các đối tượng còn thiếu từ kho chứa khác"
+
+#: command-list.h:95
+msgid "Rewrite branches"
+msgstr "Những nhánh ghi lại"
+
+#: command-list.h:96
+msgid "Produce a merge commit message"
+msgstr "Sản sinh một ghi chú lần chuyển giao hòa trộn"
+
+#: command-list.h:97
+msgid "Output information on each ref"
+msgstr "Xuất thông tin cho từng tham chiếu"
+
+#: command-list.h:98
+msgid "Prepare patches for e-mail submission"
+msgstr "Chuẩn bị các miếng vá để gửi qua thư điện tử"
+
+#: command-list.h:99
+msgid "Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database"
+msgstr ""
+"Thẩm tra lại tính kết nối và tính hiệu lực cảu các đối tượng trong cơ sở dữ "
+"liệu"
+
+#: command-list.h:100
+msgid "Cleanup unnecessary files and optimize the local repository"
+msgstr "D�n dẹp các tập tin không cần thiết và tối ưu kho nội bộ"
+
+#: command-list.h:101
+msgid "Extract commit ID from an archive created using git-archive"
+msgstr ""
+"Rút trích mã số lần chuyển giao từ một kho nén đã được tạo bởi git-archive"
+
+#: command-list.h:102
 msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
 msgstr "In ra những dòng khớp với một mẫu"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:17
+#: command-list.h:103
+msgid "A portable graphical interface to Git"
+msgstr "Một giao diện đồ h�a khả chuyển cho Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:104
+msgid "Compute object ID and optionally creates a blob from a file"
+msgstr "Tính toán ID đối tượng và tùy ch�n là tạo một blob từ một tập tin"
+
+#: command-list.h:105
+msgid "Display help information about Git"
+msgstr "Hiển thị thông tin trợ giúp v� Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:106
+msgid "Server side implementation of Git over HTTP"
+msgstr "Thi hành phía máy chủ của Git qua HTTP"
+
+#: command-list.h:107
+msgid "Download from a remote Git repository via HTTP"
+msgstr "Tải v� từ một kho chứa Git trên mạng thông qua HTTP"
+
+#: command-list.h:108
+msgid "Push objects over HTTP/DAV to another repository"
+msgstr "�ẩy các đối tượng lên thông qua HTTP/DAV đến kho chứa khác"
+
+#: command-list.h:109
+msgid "Send a collection of patches from stdin to an IMAP folder"
+msgstr ""
+"Gửi một bộ sưu tập các miếng vá từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn đến một thư mục IMAP"
+
+#: command-list.h:110
+msgid "Build pack index file for an existing packed archive"
+msgstr "Xây dựng tập tin mục lục gói cho một kho nén đã đóng gói sẵn có"
+
+#: command-list.h:111
 msgid "Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
 msgstr "Tạo một kho git mới hay khởi tạo lại một kho đã tồn tại từ trước"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:18
+#: command-list.h:112
+msgid "Instantly browse your working repository in gitweb"
+msgstr "Duyệt ngay kho làm việc của bạn trong gitweb"
+
+#: command-list.h:113
+msgid "add or parse structured information in commit messages"
+msgstr "thêm hay phân tích thông tin cấu trúc trong ghi chú lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: command-list.h:114
+msgid "The Git repository browser"
+msgstr "Bộ duyện kho Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:115
 msgid "Show commit logs"
 msgstr "Hiển thị nhật ký các lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:19
+#: command-list.h:116
+msgid "Show information about files in the index and the working tree"
+msgstr "Hiển thị thông tin v� các tập tin trong bảng mục lục và cây làm việc"
+
+#: command-list.h:117
+msgid "List references in a remote repository"
+msgstr "Liệt kê các tham chiếu trong một kho chứa trên mạng"
+
+#: command-list.h:118
+msgid "List the contents of a tree object"
+msgstr "Liệt kê nội dung của đối tượng cây"
+
+#: command-list.h:119
+msgid "Extracts patch and authorship from a single e-mail message"
+msgstr "Trích xuất miếng và và nguồn tác giả từ một thư điện tử đơn"
+
+#: command-list.h:120
+msgid "Simple UNIX mbox splitter program"
+msgstr "Chương trình phân tách UNIX mbox đơn giản"
+
+#: command-list.h:121
 msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
 msgstr "Hợp nhất hai hay nhi�u hơn lịch sử của các nhà phát triển"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:20
+#: command-list.h:122
+msgid "Find as good common ancestors as possible for a merge"
+msgstr "Tìm các tổ tiên chung tốt có thể được cho hòa trộn"
+
+#: command-list.h:123
+msgid "Run a three-way file merge"
+msgstr "Chạy một hòa trộn tập tin “3-đư�ng�"
+
+#: command-list.h:124
+msgid "Run a merge for files needing merging"
+msgstr "Chạy một hòa trộn cho các tập tin cần hòa trộn"
+
+#: command-list.h:125
+msgid "The standard helper program to use with git-merge-index"
+msgstr "Một chương trình hỗ trợ tiêu chuẩn dùng với git-merge-index"
+
+#: command-list.h:126
+msgid "Run merge conflict resolution tools to resolve merge conflicts"
+msgstr ""
+"Chạy công cụ phân giải xung đột hòa trộn để mà giải quyết các xung đột hòa "
+"trá»™n"
+
+#: command-list.h:127
+msgid "Show three-way merge without touching index"
+msgstr "Hiển thị hòa trộn ba-đư�ng mà không đụng chạm đến mục lục"
+
+#: command-list.h:128
+msgid "Creates a tag object"
+msgstr "Tạo một đối tượng thẻ"
+
+#: command-list.h:129
+msgid "Build a tree-object from ls-tree formatted text"
+msgstr "Xây dựng một tree-object từ văn bản định dạng ls-tree"
+
+#: command-list.h:130
 msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
 msgstr "Di chuyển hay đổi tên một tập tin, thư mục hoặc liên kết m�m"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:21
+#: command-list.h:131
+msgid "Find symbolic names for given revs"
+msgstr "Tìm các tên liên kết m�m cho điểm xét đã cho"
+
+#: command-list.h:132
+msgid "Add or inspect object notes"
+msgstr "thêm hoặc đi�u tra đối tượng ghi chú"
+
+#: command-list.h:133
+msgid "Import from and submit to Perforce repositories"
+msgstr "Nhập vào từ và gửi đến các kho cần thiết"
+
+#: command-list.h:134
+msgid "Create a packed archive of objects"
+msgstr "Tạo một kho lưu được đóng gói cho các đối"
+
+#: command-list.h:135
+msgid "Find redundant pack files"
+msgstr "Tìm các tập tin gói dư thừa"
+
+#: command-list.h:136
+msgid "Pack heads and tags for efficient repository access"
+msgstr "�óng gói các phần đầu và thẻ để truy cập kho hiệu quả hơn"
+
+#: command-list.h:137
+msgid "Routines to help parsing remote repository access parameters"
+msgstr "Các thủ tục để giúp phân tích các tham số truy cập kho chứa trên mạng"
+
+#: command-list.h:138
+msgid "Compute unique ID for a patch"
+msgstr "Tính toán ID duy nhất cho một miếng vá"
+
+#: command-list.h:139
+msgid "Prune all unreachable objects from the object database"
+msgstr ""
+"Xén bớt tất các các đối tượng không tiếp cận được từ cơ sở dữ liệu đối tượng"
+
+#: command-list.h:140
+msgid "Remove extra objects that are already in pack files"
+msgstr "Xóa b� các đối tượng mở rộng cái mà đã sẵn có trong các tập tin gói"
+
+#: command-list.h:141
 msgid "Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch"
 msgstr "Lấy v� và hợp nhất với kho khác hay một nhánh nội bộ"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:22
+#: command-list.h:142
 msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
 msgstr "Cập nhật th.chiếu máy chủ cùng với các đối tượng liên quan đến nó"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:23
-msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
-msgstr ""
-"Chuyển tiếp những lần chuyển giao nội bộ\n"
-"               tới head thượng nguồn đã cập nhật"
+#: command-list.h:143
+msgid "Applies a quilt patchset onto the current branch"
+msgstr "Ấp dụng một bộ miếng vá quilt vào trong nhánh hiện hành"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:24
+#: command-list.h:144
+msgid "Reads tree information into the index"
+msgstr "��c thông tin cây vào trong mục lục"
+
+#: command-list.h:145
+msgid "Reapply commits on top of another base tip"
+msgstr "Thu hoạch các lần chuyển giao trên đỉnh của đầu mút cơ sở khác"
+
+#: command-list.h:146
+msgid "Receive what is pushed into the repository"
+msgstr "Nhận cái mà được đẩy vào trong kho"
+
+#: command-list.h:147
+msgid "Manage reflog information"
+msgstr "Quản lý thông tin reflog"
+
+#: command-list.h:148
+msgid "Manage set of tracked repositories"
+msgstr "Quản lý tập hợp các kho chứa đã được theo dõi"
+
+#: command-list.h:149
+msgid "Pack unpacked objects in a repository"
+msgstr "�óng gói các đối tượng chưa đóng gói ở một kho chứa"
+
+#: command-list.h:150
+msgid "Create, list, delete refs to replace objects"
+msgstr "Tạo, liệt kê, xóa các tham chiếu để thay thế các đối tượng"
+
+#: command-list.h:151
+msgid "Generates a summary of pending changes"
+msgstr "Tạo ra một tóm tắt các thay đổi còn treo"
+
+#: command-list.h:152
+msgid "Reuse recorded resolution of conflicted merges"
+msgstr "Dùng lại các giải pháp đã ghi lại của các hòa trộn bị xung đột"
+
+#: command-list.h:153
 msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
 msgstr "�ặt lại HEAD hiện hành thành trạng thái đã cho"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:25
+#: command-list.h:154
+msgid "Revert some existing commits"
+msgstr "Hoàn lại một số lần chuyển giao sẵn có"
+
+#: command-list.h:155
+msgid "Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order"
+msgstr "Liệt kê các đối tượng chuyển giao theo thứ tự tôpô đảo ngược"
+
+#: command-list.h:156
+msgid "Pick out and massage parameters"
+msgstr "Cậy ra và xử lý các tham số"
+
+#: command-list.h:157
 msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
 msgstr "Gỡ b� các tập tin từ cây làm việc và từ bảng mục lục"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:26
+#: command-list.h:158
+msgid "Send a collection of patches as emails"
+msgstr "Gửi một tập hợp của các miếng vá ở dạng thư điện tử"
+
+#: command-list.h:159
+msgid "Push objects over Git protocol to another repository"
+msgstr "�ẩy các đối tượng lên thông qua giao thức Git đến kho chứa khác"
+
+#: command-list.h:160
+msgid "Restricted login shell for Git-only SSH access"
+msgstr "Hệ v� đăng nhập có hạn chế cho truy cập SSH chỉ-Git"
+
+#: command-list.h:161
+msgid "Summarize 'git log' output"
+msgstr "Kết xuất “git log� dạng tóm tắt"
+
+#: command-list.h:162
 msgid "Show various types of objects"
 msgstr "Hiển thị các kiểu khác nhau của các đối tượng"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:27
+#: command-list.h:163
+msgid "Show branches and their commits"
+msgstr "Hiển thị những nhánh và các lần chuyển giao của chúng"
+
+#: command-list.h:164
+msgid "Show packed archive index"
+msgstr "Hiển thị các muc lục kho nén đã đóng gói"
+
+#: command-list.h:165
+msgid "List references in a local repository"
+msgstr "Liệt kê các tham chiếu trong một kho nội bộ"
+
+#: command-list.h:166
+msgid "Git's i18n setup code for shell scripts"
+msgstr "Nã cài đặt quốc tế hóa của Git cho văn lệnh hệ v�"
+
+#: command-list.h:167
+msgid "Common Git shell script setup code"
+msgstr "Mã cài đặt văn lệnh hệ v� Git chung"
+
+#: command-list.h:168
+msgid "Stash the changes in a dirty working directory away"
+msgstr "Tạm cất đi các thay đổi trong một thư mục làm việc bẩn"
+
+#: command-list.h:169
+msgid "Add file contents to the staging area"
+msgstr "Thêm nội dung tập tin vào vùng bệ phóng"
+
+#: command-list.h:170
 msgid "Show the working tree status"
 msgstr "Hiển thị trạng thái cây làm việc"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:28
-msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
-msgstr "Tạo, liệt kê, xóa hay xác thực một đối tượng thẻ được ký bằng GPG"
+#: command-list.h:171
+msgid "Remove unnecessary whitespace"
+msgstr "Xóa b� các khoảng trắng không cần thiết"
 
-#: parse-options.h:143
-msgid "expiry-date"
-msgstr "ngày hết hạn"
+#: command-list.h:172
+msgid "Initialize, update or inspect submodules"
+msgstr "Khởi tạo, cập nhật hay đi�u tra các mô-đun-con"
 
-#: parse-options.h:158
-msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
-msgstr "no-op (tương thích ngược)"
+#: command-list.h:173
+msgid "Bidirectional operation between a Subversion repository and Git"
+msgstr "Thao tác hai hướng giữ hai kho Subversion và Git"
 
-#: parse-options.h:232
-msgid "be more verbose"
-msgstr "chi tiết hơn nữa"
+#: command-list.h:174
+msgid "Read, modify and delete symbolic refs"
+msgstr "��c, sửa và xóa tham chiếu m�m"
 
-#: parse-options.h:234
-msgid "be more quiet"
-msgstr "im lặng hơn nữa"
+#: command-list.h:175
+msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
+msgstr "Tạo, liệt kê, xóa hay xác thực một đối tượng thẻ được ký bằng GPG"
 
-#: parse-options.h:240
-msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
-msgstr "sử dụng <n> chữ số để hiển thị SHA-1s"
+#: command-list.h:176
+msgid "Creates a temporary file with a blob's contents"
+msgstr "Tạo một tập tin tạm với nội dung của blob"
 
-#: rerere.h:27
-msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
-msgstr "cập nhật bảng mục lục với phân giải xung đột dùng lại nếu được"
+#: command-list.h:177
+msgid "Unpack objects from a packed archive"
+msgstr "Gỡ các đối tượng kh�i một kho lưu đã đóng gói"
 
-#: git-am.sh:53
-msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
-msgstr "Bạn cần đặt thông tin v� ngư�i chuyển giao mã nguồn trước đã"
+#: command-list.h:178
+msgid "Register file contents in the working tree to the index"
+msgstr "�ăng ký nội dung tập tin từ cây làm việc đến bảng mục lục"
 
-#: git-am.sh:98
-msgid ""
-"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
-"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
-msgstr ""
-"Bạn có lẽ đã có HEAD đã bị di chuyển đi kể từ lần “am� thất bại cuối cùng.\n"
-"Không thể chuyển tới ORIG_HEAD"
+#: command-list.h:179
+msgid "Update the object name stored in a ref safely"
+msgstr "Cập nhật tên đối tượng được lưu trong một tham chiếu một cách an toàn"
 
-#: git-am.sh:108
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"When you have resolved this problem, run \"$cmdline --continue\".\n"
-"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"$cmdline --skip\" instead.\n"
-"To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
-msgstr ""
-"Khi bạn cần giải quyết vấn đ� này hãy chạy lệnh \"$cmdline --continue\".\n"
-"Nếu bạn có ý định b� qua miếng vá, thay vào đó bạn chạy \"$cmdline --skip"
-"\".\n"
-"�ể phục hồi lại thành nhánh nguyên thủy và dừng việc vá lại thì chạy "
-"\"$cmdline --abort\"."
+#: command-list.h:180
+msgid "Update auxiliary info file to help dumb servers"
+msgstr "Cập nhật tập tin thông tin phụ trợ để giúp đỡ các dịch vụ dumb"
 
-#: git-am.sh:124
-msgid "Cannot fall back to three-way merge."
-msgstr "�ang trở lại để hòa trộn kiểu “three-way�."
+#: command-list.h:181
+msgid "Send archive back to git-archive"
+msgstr "Gửi trở lại kho lưu đến git-archive"
 
-#: git-am.sh:140
-msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
-msgstr "Kho thiếu đối tượng blob cần thiết để trở v� trên “3-way merge�."
+#: command-list.h:182
+msgid "Send objects packed back to git-fetch-pack"
+msgstr "Gửi trở lại các đối tượng đã đóng gói cho git-fetch-pack"
 
-#: git-am.sh:142
-msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
-msgstr ""
-"Sử dụng thông tin trong bảng mục lục để cấu trúc lại một cây (tree) cơ sở…"
+#: command-list.h:183
+msgid "Show a Git logical variable"
+msgstr "Hiển thị một biến Git luận lý"
 
-#: git-am.sh:157
-msgid ""
-"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
-"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
-msgstr ""
-"Bạn đã sửa miếng vá của mình bằng cách thủ công à?\n"
-"Nó không thể áp dụng các blob đã được ghi lại trong bảng mục lục của nó."
+#: command-list.h:184
+msgid "Check the GPG signature of commits"
+msgstr "Kiểm tra ký lần chuyển giao dùng GPG"
 
-#: git-am.sh:166
-msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
-msgstr "�ang trở lại để vá cơ sở và “hòa trộn 3-đư�ng�…"
+#: command-list.h:185
+msgid "Validate packed Git archive files"
+msgstr "Kiểm tra lại các tập tin kho (lưu trữ, nén) Git đã được đóng gói"
 
-#: git-am.sh:182
-msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
-msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi trộn vào các thay đổi."
+#: command-list.h:186
+msgid "Check the GPG signature of tags"
+msgstr "Kiểm tra chữ ký GPG của các thẻ"
 
-#: git-am.sh:277
-msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
-msgstr "Chỉ có một sê-ri miếng vá StGIT được áp dụng một lúc"
+#: command-list.h:187
+msgid "Git web interface (web frontend to Git repositories)"
+msgstr "Giao diện Git trên n�n web (ứng dụng web chạy trên kho Git)"
 
-#: git-am.sh:364
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
-msgstr "�ịnh dạng miếng vá $patch_format không được hỗ trợ."
+#: command-list.h:188
+msgid "Show logs with difference each commit introduces"
+msgstr "Hiển thị các nhật ký với từng lần chuyển giao khác nhau đưa ra"
 
-#: git-am.sh:366
-msgid "Patch format detection failed."
-msgstr "Dò tìm định dạng miếng vá gặp lỗi."
+#: command-list.h:189
+msgid "Manage multiple working trees"
+msgstr "Quản lý nhi�u cây làm việc"
 
-#: git-am.sh:398
-msgid ""
-"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
-"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
-msgstr ""
-"Tùy ch�n -b/--binary đã không dùng từ lâu rồi, và\n"
-"nó sẽ được b� đi. Xin đừng sử dụng nó thêm nữa."
+#: command-list.h:190
+msgid "Create a tree object from the current index"
+msgstr "Tạo một đối tượng cây từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn stdin hiện tại"
 
-#: git-am.sh:496
-#, sh-format
-msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
-msgstr "thư mục rebase trước $dotest vẫn chưa sẵn sàng nhưng mbox được đưa ra."
+#: command-list.h:191
+msgid "Defining attributes per path"
+msgstr "�ịnh nghĩa các thuộc tính cho mỗi đư�ng dẫn"
 
-#: git-am.sh:501
-msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
-msgstr "Xin hãy rõ ràng. --skip hay --abort?"
+#: command-list.h:192
+msgid "Git command-line interface and conventions"
+msgstr "Giao diện dòng lệnh Git và quy ước"
 
-#: git-am.sh:537
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Stray $dotest directory found.\n"
-"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
-msgstr ""
-"Tìm thấy thư mục lạc $dotest.\n"
-"Dùng \"git am --abort\" để loại b� nó đi."
+#: command-list.h:193
+msgid "A Git core tutorial for developers"
+msgstr "Hướng dẫn Git cơ bản cho nhà phát triển"
 
-#: git-am.sh:545
-msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
-msgstr "Thao tác phân giải không được tiến hành, chúng ta không phục hồi lại."
+#: command-list.h:194
+msgid "Git for CVS users"
+msgstr "Git dành cho những ngư�i dùng CVS"
 
-#: git-am.sh:612
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
-msgstr "Bảng mục lục sai: không thể áp dụng các miếng vá (sai: $files)"
+#: command-list.h:195
+msgid "Tweaking diff output"
+msgstr "Chỉnh kết xuất diff"
 
-#: git-am.sh:722
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?\n"
-"If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
-"To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
-msgstr ""
-"Miếng vá trống rỗng.  Nó đã bị chia cắt sai phải không?\n"
-"Nếu bạn thích b� qua miếng vá này, hãy chạy lệnh sau để thay thế \"$cmdline "
-"--skip\".\n"
-"�ể phục hồi lại nhánh nguyên thủy và dừng vá lại hãy chạy lệnh \"$cmdline --"
-"abort\"."
+#: command-list.h:196
+msgid "A useful minimum set of commands for Everyday Git"
+msgstr "Một tập hợp lệnh hữu dụng tối thiểu để dùng Git hàng ngày"
 
-#: git-am.sh:749
-msgid "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
-msgstr "Miếng vá không có địa chỉ thư điện tử hợp lệ."
+#: command-list.h:197
+msgid "A Git Glossary"
+msgstr "Thuật ngữ chuyên môn Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:796
-msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
-msgstr ""
-"không thể được tương tác mà không có stdin kết nối với một thiết bị cuối"
+#: command-list.h:198
+msgid "Hooks used by Git"
+msgstr "Các móc được sử dụng bởi Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:800
-msgid "Commit Body is:"
-msgstr "Thân của lần chuyển giao là:"
+#: command-list.h:199
+msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
+msgstr "Chỉ định các tập tin không cần theo dõi"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
-#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
-#. input at this point.
-#: git-am.sh:807
-msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
-msgstr ""
-"�p dụng? đồng ý [y]/khô[n]g/chỉnh sửa [e]/hiển thị miếng [v]á/đồng ý tất cả "
-"[a] "
+#: command-list.h:200
+msgid "Defining submodule properties"
+msgstr "�ịnh nghĩa thuộc tính mô-đun-con"
 
-#: git-am.sh:843
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
-msgstr "�ang áp dụng (miếng vá): $FIRSTLINE"
+#: command-list.h:201
+msgid "Git namespaces"
+msgstr "không gian tên Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:864
-msgid ""
-"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
-"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
-"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
-msgstr ""
-"Không có thay đổi nào - bạn đã quên sử dụng lệnh “git add� à?\n"
-"Nếu ở đây không có gì còn lại stage, tình c� là có một số thứ khác\n"
-"đã sẵn được đưa vào với cùng nội dung thay đổi; bạn có lẽ muốn b� qua miếng "
-"vá này."
+#: command-list.h:202
+msgid "Git Repository Layout"
+msgstr "Bố cục kho Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:872
-msgid ""
-"You still have unmerged paths in your index\n"
-"did you forget to use 'git add'?"
-msgstr ""
-"Bạn vẫn có những đư�ng dẫn chưa được hòa trộn trong bảng mục lục của mình\n"
-"bạn đã quên sử dụng lệnh “git add� à?"
+#: command-list.h:203
+msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
+msgstr "Chỉ định điểm xét duyệt và vùng cho Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:888
-msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
-msgstr "Không thay đổi gì cả -- Miếng vá đã được áp dụng rồi."
+#: command-list.h:204
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git: part two"
+msgstr "Hướng dẫn cách dùng Git: phần hai"
 
-#: git-am.sh:898
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
-msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi vá tại $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+#: command-list.h:205
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git"
+msgstr "Hướng dẫn cách dùng Git"
 
-#: git-am.sh:901
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"The copy of the patch that failed is found in:\n"
-"   $dotest/patch"
-msgstr ""
-"Bản sao chép của miếng vá mà nó gặp lỗi thì được tìm thấy trong:\n"
-"   $dotest/patch"
+#: command-list.h:206
+msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
+msgstr "Tổng quan v� luồng công việc khuyến nghị nên dùng với Git."
 
-#: git-am.sh:919
-msgid "applying to an empty history"
-msgstr "áp dụng vào một lịch sử trống rỗng"
+#: rerere.h:40
+msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
+msgstr "cập nhật bảng mục lục với phân giải xung đột dùng lại nếu được"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:48
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
 msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
 msgstr "Bạn cần khởi đầu bằng \"git bisect start\""
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:54
+#: git-bisect.sh:60
 msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
 msgstr "Bạn có muốn tôi thực hiện đi�u này cho bạn không [Y/n]? "
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#: git-bisect.sh:121
 #, sh-format
 msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
 msgstr "không công nhận tùy ch�n: “$arg�"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#: git-bisect.sh:125
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
 msgstr "�$arg� không có vẻ như là một điểm xét duyệt hợp lệ"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:117
+#: git-bisect.sh:154
 msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
 msgstr "HEAD sai - Tôi cần một HEAD"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#: git-bisect.sh:167
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <valid-branch>'."
 msgstr ""
-"Việc checkout “$start_head� gặp lỗi. Hãy thử “git bisect reset "
-"<nhánh_hợp_lệ>�."
+"Việc lấy “$start_head� ra gặp lỗi. Hãy thử \"git bisect reset <nhánh_hợp_lệ>"
+"\"."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:140
+#: git-bisect.sh:177
 msgid "won't bisect on cg-seek'ed tree"
-msgstr "sẽ không bisect trêm cây được cg-seek"
+msgstr "sẽ không di chuyển nửa bước trên cây được cg-seek"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:144
+#: git-bisect.sh:181
 msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
 msgstr "HEAD sai - tham chiếu m�m kỳ lạ"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#: git-bisect.sh:233
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
 msgstr "�ối số bisect_write sai: $state"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#: git-bisect.sh:246
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
 msgstr "�ầu vào rev sai: $arg"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:232
-msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
-msgstr "Hãy g�i lệnhl “bisect_state� với ít nhất một đối số."
+#: git-bisect.sh:265
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $bisected_head"
+msgstr "�ầu vào rev sai: $bisected_head"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#: git-bisect.sh:274
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
 msgstr "�ầu vào rev sai: $rev"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:253
-msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
-msgstr "“git bisect bad� có thể lấy chỉ một đối số."
+#: git-bisect.sh:283
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' can take only one argument."
+msgstr "“git bisect $TERM_BAD� có thể lấy chỉ một đối số."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:276
-msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a bad commit."
-msgstr "Cảnh báo: chỉ thực hiện việc bisect với một lần chuyển giao sai."
+#: git-bisect.sh:306
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a $TERM_BAD commit."
+msgstr "Cảnh báo: chỉ thực hiện việc bisect với một lần chuyển giao $TERM_BAD."
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:282
+#: git-bisect.sh:312
 msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
 msgstr "Bạn có chắc chắn chưa [Y/n]? "
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:292
+#: git-bisect.sh:324
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"You need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.\n"
-"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+"You need to give me at least one $bad_syn and one $good_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
-"Bạn phải chỉ cho tôi ít nhất một điểm xét duyệt tốt và một điểm sai.\n"
-"(Bạn có thể sử dụng \"git bisect bad\" và \"git bisect good\" cho cái đó.)"
+"Bạn phải chỉ cho tôi ít nhất một điểm $bad_syn và một $good_syn.\n"
+"(Bạn có thể sử dụng \"git bisect $bad_syn\" và \"git bisect $good_syn\" cho "
+"cái đó.)"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:295
+#: git-bisect.sh:327
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
-"You then need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.\n"
-"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+"You then need to give me at least one $good_syn and one $bad_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
 "Bạn cần bắt đầu bằng lệnh \"git bisect start\".\n"
-"Bạn sau đó cần phải chỉ cho tôi ít nhất một điểm xét duyệt đúng và một điểm "
-"sai.\n"
-"(Bạn có thể sử dụng \"git bisect bad\" và \"git bisect good\" cho chúng.)"
+"Bạn sau đó cần phải chỉ cho tôi ít nhất một điểm xét duyệt $good_syn và một "
+"$bad_syn.\n"
+"(Bạn có thể sử dụng \"git bisect $bad_syn\" và \"git bisect $good_syn\" cho "
+"chúng.)"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:366 git-bisect.sh:493
+#: git-bisect.sh:398 git-bisect.sh:512
 msgid "We are not bisecting."
 msgstr "Chúng tôi không bisect."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:373
+#: git-bisect.sh:405
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
 msgstr "�$invalid� không phải là lần chuyển giao hợp lệ"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:382
+#: git-bisect.sh:414
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
@@ -10500,25 +16287,29 @@ msgstr ""
 "Không thể check-out HEAD nguyên thủy của “$branch�.\n"
 "Hãy thử “git bisect reset <lần-chuyển-giao>�."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:409
+#: git-bisect.sh:422
 msgid "No logfile given"
 msgstr "Chưa chỉ ra tập tin ghi nhật ký"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:410
+#: git-bisect.sh:423
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c $file để thao diễn lại"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#: git-bisect.sh:444
 msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
 msgstr "?? bạn đang nói gì thế?"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:439
+#: git-bisect.sh:453
+msgid "bisect run failed: no command provided."
+msgstr "bisect chạy gặp lỗi: không đưa ra lệnh."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:458
 #, sh-format
 msgid "running $command"
 msgstr "đang chạy lệnh $command"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:446
+#: git-bisect.sh:465
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
@@ -10527,11 +16318,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "chạy bisect gặp lỗi:\n"
 "mã trả v� $res từ lệnh “$command� là < 0 hoặc >= 128"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:472
+#: git-bisect.sh:491
 msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
 msgstr "bisect không thể tiếp tục thêm được nữa"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:478
+#: git-bisect.sh:497
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
@@ -10540,121 +16331,121 @@ msgstr ""
 "chạy bisect gặp lỗi:\n"
 "�bisect_state $state� đã thoát ra với mã lỗi $res"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:485
+#: git-bisect.sh:504
 msgid "bisect run success"
 msgstr "bisect chạy thành công"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:21
-msgid ""
-"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
-"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
-"as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
-msgstr ""
-"Pull là không thể được bởi vì bạn có những tập tin chưa được hòa trộn.\n"
-"Xin hãy sửa chữa chúng trước, và sau đó sử dụng lệnh “git add/rm <tập-tin>�\n"
-"để phê chuẩn việc đánh dấu đây cần được giải quyết và tạo một lần chuyển "
-"giao."
+#: git-bisect.sh:533
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Invalid command: you're currently in a $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD bisect."
+msgstr "Lệnh không hợp lệ: bạn hiện đang ở bisect $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:25
-msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
-msgstr ""
-"Full là không thể thực hiện bởi vì bạn có những tập tin chưa được hòa trộn."
+#: git-bisect.sh:567
+msgid "no terms defined"
+msgstr "chưa định nghĩa th�i kỳ nào"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:31
+#: git-bisect.sh:584
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
-"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+"invalid argument $arg for 'git bisect terms'.\n"
+"Supported options are: --term-good|--term-old and --term-bad|--term-new."
 msgstr ""
-"Bạn chưa kết thúc việc hòa trộng (MERGE_HEAD vẫn tồn tại).\n"
-"Hãy chuyển giao các thay đổi trước khi bạn có thể hòa trộn."
+"tham số không hợp lệ $arg cho “git bisect terms�.\n"
+"Các tùy ch�n hỗ trợ là: --term-good|--term-old và --term-bad|--term-new."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:245
-msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:46
+msgid ""
+"Error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by "
+"merge"
 msgstr ""
-"đang cập nhật một nhánh chưa được sinh ra với các thay đổi được thêm vào "
-"bảng mục lục"
+"Lỗi: Các thay đổi nội bộ của bạn với các tập tin sau đây sẽ bị ghi đè bởi "
+"lệnh hòa trộn"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:269
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:61
+msgid "Automated merge did not work."
+msgstr "Hòa trộn một cách tự động không làm việc."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:62
+msgid "Should not be doing an octopus."
+msgstr "Không thể thực hiện một octopus."
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:73
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
-"Warning: fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
-"Warning: commit $orig_head."
-msgstr ""
-"Cảnh báo: fetch đã cập nhật head nhánh hiện tại.\n"
-"Cảnh báo: đang fast-forward cây làm việc của bạn từ\n"
-"Cảnh báo: commit $orig_head."
+msgid "Unable to find common commit with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Không thể tìm thấy lần chuyển giao chung với $pretty_name"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:294
-msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
-msgstr "Không thể hòa trộn nhi�u nhánh và trong một head trống rỗng"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:77
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Already up to date with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "�ã cập nhật với $pretty_name rồi"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding to: $pretty_name"
+msgstr "Chuyển-tiếp-nhanh đến: $pretty_name"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:97
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Trying simple merge with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "�ang thử hòa trộn đơn giản với $pretty_name"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:298
-msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
-msgstr "Không thể thực hiện lệnh rebase (cơ cấu lại) trên nhi�u nhánh"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:102
+msgid "Simple merge did not work, trying automatic merge."
+msgstr "Hòa trộn đơn giản không làm việc, thử hòa trộn tự động."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:57
+#: git-rebase.sh:61
 msgid ""
-"When you have resolved this problem, run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
-"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"git rebase --skip\" instead.\n"
-"To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run \"git rebase --abort"
-"\"."
+"Resolve all conflicts manually, mark them as resolved with\n"
+"\"git add/rm <conflicted_files>\", then run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"You can instead skip this commit: run \"git rebase --skip\".\n"
+"To abort and get back to the state before \"git rebase\", run \"git rebase --"
+"abort\"."
 msgstr ""
-"Khi bạn cần giải quyết vấn đ� này hãy chạy lệnh \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
-"Nếu bạn có ý định b� qua miếng vá, thay vào đó bạn chạy \"git rebase --skip"
-"\".\n"
-"�ể phục hồi lại thành nhánh nguyên thủy và dừng việc vá lại thì chạy \"git "
-"rebase --abort\"."
+"Giải quyết vấn đ� này thủ công, hãy đanh dấu chúng đã được giải quyết bằng\n"
+"hãy chạy lệnh \"git add/rm <các_tập_tin_xung_đột>\", sau đó chạy \"git "
+"rebase --continue\".\n"
+"Bạn có thể b� qua miếng vá, chạy \"git rebase --skip\".\n"
+"�ể bãi b� và quay trở lại trạng thái trước \"git rebase\", chạy \"git rebase "
+"--abort\"."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:165
+#: git-rebase.sh:173 git-rebase.sh:442
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
+msgstr "Không thể quay trở lại $head_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:184
 msgid "Applied autostash."
 msgstr "�ã áp dụng autostash."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:168
+#: git-rebase.sh:187
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Cannot store $stash_sha1"
 msgstr "Không thể lưu $stash_sha1"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:169
-msgid ""
-"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
-"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
-"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"�p dụng autostash có hiệu quả trong các xung đột.\n"
-"Các thay đổi của bạn an toàn trong stash (tạm cất đi).\n"
-"Bạn có thể chạy lệnh \"git stash pop\" hay \"git stash drop\" bất kỳ lúc "
-"nào.\n"
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:208
+#: git-rebase.sh:229
 msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
 msgstr "Móc (hook) pre-rebase từ chối rebase."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:213
-msgid "It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase."
+#: git-rebase.sh:234
+msgid "It looks like 'git am' is in progress. Cannot rebase."
 msgstr ""
-"Hình như đang trong quá trình thực hiện lệnh git-am. Không thể chạy lệnh "
-"rebase."
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:351
-msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
-msgstr "Tùy ch�n --exec phải được sử dụng cùng với tùy ch�n --interactive"
+"Hình như đang trong quá trình thực hiện lệnh “git-am�. Không thể rebase."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:356
+#: git-rebase.sh:403
 msgid "No rebase in progress?"
 msgstr "Không có tiến trình rebase nào phải không?"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:367
+#: git-rebase.sh:414
 msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
 msgstr ""
 "Hành động “--edit-todo� chỉ có thể dùng trong quá trình “rebase� (sửa lịch "
 "sử) tương tác."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:374
+#: git-rebase.sh:421
 msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
 msgstr "Không thể đ�c HEAD"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:377
+#: git-rebase.sh:424
 msgid ""
 "You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
 "mark them as resolved using git add"
@@ -10662,12 +16453,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Bạn phải sửa tất cả các lần hòa trộn xung đột và sau\n"
 "đó đánh dấu chúng là cần xử lý sử dụng lệnh git add"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:395
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
-msgstr "Không thể quay trở lại $head_name"
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:414
+#: git-rebase.sh:468
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
@@ -10679,256 +16465,263 @@ msgid ""
 "and run me again.  I am stopping in case you still have something\n"
 "valuable there."
 msgstr ""
-"Hình như là ở đây sẵn có một thư mục $state_dir_base directory, và\n"
+"Hình như là ở đây sẵn có một thư mục $state_dir_base, và\n"
 "Tôi tự h�i có phải bạn đang ở giữa một lệnh rebase khác. Nếu đúng là\n"
 "như vậy, xin hãy thử\n"
 "\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
 "Nếu không phải thế, hãy thử\n"
 "\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
-"và chạy TÔI lần nữa.  TÔI  dừng lại trong trư�ng hợp bạn vẫn\n"
-"có một số thứ quý giá ở đây.\n"
-"\n"
-"TÔI: là lệnh bạn vừa g�i!"
+"và chạy TÔI lần nữa. TÔI  dừng lại trong trư�ng hợp bạn vẫn\n"
+"có một số thứ quý giá ở đây."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:465
+#: git-rebase.sh:509
+msgid "error: cannot combine '--signoff' with '--preserve-merges'"
+msgstr "lỗi: không thể kết hợp “--signoff� với “--preserve-merges�"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:537
 #, sh-format
-msgid "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
-msgstr "thượng nguồn không hợp lệ $upstream_name"
+msgid "invalid upstream '$upstream_name'"
+msgstr "thượng nguồn không hợp lệ “$upstream_name�"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:489
+#: git-rebase.sh:561
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
 msgstr "$onto_name: ở đây có nhi�u hơn một n�n móng hòa trộn"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:492 git-rebase.sh:496
+#: git-rebase.sh:564 git-rebase.sh:568
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
 msgstr "$onto_name: ở đây không có n�n móng hòa trộn nào"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:501
+#: git-rebase.sh:573
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
 msgstr "Không chỉ đến một lần chuyển giao không hợp lệ: $onto_name"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:524
+#: git-rebase.sh:599
 #, sh-format
-msgid "fatal: no such branch: $branch_name"
-msgstr "nghiêm tr�ng: không có nhánh như thế: $branch_name"
+msgid "fatal: no such branch/commit '$branch_name'"
+msgstr "nghiêm tr�ng: không có nhánh như thế: “$branch_name�"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:557
+#: git-rebase.sh:632
 msgid "Cannot autostash"
 msgstr "Không thể autostash"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:562
+#: git-rebase.sh:637
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Created autostash: $stash_abbrev"
 msgstr "�ã tạo autostash: $stash_abbrev"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:566
+#: git-rebase.sh:641
 msgid "Please commit or stash them."
-msgstr "Xin hãy commit hoặc tạm cất (stash) chúng."
+msgstr "Xin hãy chuyển giao hoặc tạm cất (stash) chúng."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:586
+#: git-rebase.sh:664
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date."
+msgstr "HEAD đã cập nhật."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:666
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
 msgstr "Nhánh hiện tại $branch_name đã được cập nhật rồi."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:590
+#: git-rebase.sh:674
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr "HEAD hiện đã được cập nhật rồi, bị ép buộc rebase."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:676
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
 msgstr "Nhánh hiện tại $branch_name đã được cập nhật rồi, lệnh rebase ép buộc."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:601
+#: git-rebase.sh:688
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
 msgstr "Thay đổi từ $mb thành $onto:"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:610
+#: git-rebase.sh:697
 msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
 msgstr "Trước tiên, di chuyển head để xem lại các công việc trên đỉnh của nó…"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:620
+#: git-rebase.sh:707
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
-msgstr "Fast-forward $branch_name thành $onto_name."
+msgstr "Chuyển-tiếp-nhanh $branch_name thành $onto_name."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:51
+#: git-stash.sh:61
 msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
 msgstr ""
 "git stash clear với các tham số là chưa được thực hiện (không nhận đối số)"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:74
+#: git-stash.sh:108
 msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
 msgstr "Bạn chưa còn có lần chuyển giao khởi tạo"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:89
+#: git-stash.sh:123
 msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
 msgstr "Không thể ghi lại trạng thái bảng mục lục hiện hành"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:124 git-stash.sh:137
+#: git-stash.sh:138
+msgid "Cannot save the untracked files"
+msgstr "Không thể ghi lại các tập tin chưa theo dõi"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:158 git-stash.sh:171
 msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
 msgstr "Không thể ghi lại trạng thái cây-làm-việc hiện hành"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:141
+#: git-stash.sh:175
 msgid "No changes selected"
 msgstr "Chưa có thay đổi nào được ch�n"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:144
+#: git-stash.sh:178
 msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
 msgstr "Không thể gỡ b� bảng mục lục tạm th�i (không thể xảy ra)"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:157
+#: git-stash.sh:191
 msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
 msgstr "Không thể ghi lại trạng thái cây làm việc hiện hành"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:191
+#: git-stash.sh:229
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Cannot update $ref_stash with $w_commit"
 msgstr "Không thể cập nhật $ref_stash với $w_commit"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: $option is an invalid option, like
-#. `--blah-blah'. The 7 spaces at the beginning of the
-#. second line correspond to "error: ". So you should line
-#. up the second line with however many characters the
-#. translation of "error: " takes in your language. E.g. in
-#. English this is:
-#.
-#. $ git stash save --blah-blah 2>&1 | head -n 2
-#. error: unknown option for 'stash save': --blah-blah
-#. To provide a message, use git stash save -- '--blah-blah'
-#: git-stash.sh:238
+#: git-stash.sh:281
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
-"       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
-msgstr ""
-"lỗi: không hiểu tùy ch�n cho “stash save�: $option\n"
-"     �ể có thể dùng l�i chú thích có chứa -- ở đầu,\n"
-"     dùng git stash save -- \"$option\""
+msgid "error: unknown option for 'stash push': $option"
+msgstr "lỗi: không hiểu tùy ch�n cho “stash push�: $option"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:295
+msgid "Can't use --patch and --include-untracked or --all at the same time"
+msgstr "Không thể dùng --patch và --include-untracked hay --all cùng một lúc."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:259
+#: git-stash.sh:303
 msgid "No local changes to save"
 msgstr "Không có thay đổi nội bộ nào được ghi lại"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:263
+#: git-stash.sh:308
 msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
 msgstr "Không thể khởi tạo stash"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:267
+#: git-stash.sh:312
 msgid "Cannot save the current status"
 msgstr "Không thể ghi lại trạng thái hiện hành"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:285
+#: git-stash.sh:313
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Saved working directory and index state $stash_msg"
+msgstr "�ã ghi lại thư mục làm việc và trạng thái mục lục $stash_msg"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:342
 msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
 msgstr "Không thể gỡ b� các thay đổi cây-làm-việc"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:384
-msgid "No stash found."
-msgstr "Không tìm thấy lần chuyển giao cất đi (stash) nào."
+#: git-stash.sh:490
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unknown option: $opt"
+msgstr "không hiểu tùy ch�n: $opt"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:503
+msgid "No stash entries found."
+msgstr "Không tìm thấy các mục tạm cất (stash) nào."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:391
+#: git-stash.sh:510
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
 msgstr "Chỉ ra quá nhi�u điểm xét duyệt: $REV"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:397
+#: git-stash.sh:525
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$reference is not a valid reference"
 msgstr "$reference không phải là tham chiếu hợp lệ"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:425
+#: git-stash.sh:553
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
 msgstr "“$args� không phải là lần chuyển giao kiểu-stash (cất đi)"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:436
+#: git-stash.sh:564
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
 msgstr "�$args� không phải tham chiếu đến stash"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:444
+#: git-stash.sh:572
 msgid "unable to refresh index"
 msgstr "không thể làm tươi mới bảng mục lục"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:448
+#: git-stash.sh:576
 msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
 msgstr "Không thể áp dụng một stash ở giữa của quá trình hòa trộn"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:456
+#: git-stash.sh:584
 msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
 msgstr "Xung đột trong bảng mục lục. Hãy thử mà không dùng tùy ch�n --index."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:458
+#: git-stash.sh:586
 msgid "Could not save index tree"
 msgstr "Không thể ghi lại cây chỉ mục"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:492
+#: git-stash.sh:595
+msgid "Could not restore untracked files from stash entry"
+msgstr "Không thể phục hồi các tập tin chưa theo dõi từ mục cất đi (stash)"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:620
 msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
 msgstr "Không thể b� ra kh�i bệ phóng các tập tin đã được sửa chữa"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:507
+#: git-stash.sh:635
 msgid "Index was not unstashed."
 msgstr "Bảng mục lục đã không được b� stash."
 
-#: git-stash.sh:530
+#: git-stash.sh:649
+msgid "The stash entry is kept in case you need it again."
+msgstr "Các mục tạm cất (stash) được giữ trong trư�ng hợp bạn lại cần nó."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:658
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
 msgstr "�ã xóa ${REV} ($s)"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:531
+#: git-stash.sh:659
 #, sh-format
 msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
 msgstr "${REV}: Không thể xóa b� mục stash"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:539
+#: git-stash.sh:667
 msgid "No branch name specified"
 msgstr "Chưa chỉ ra tên của nhánh"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:611
+#: git-stash.sh:746
 msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
 msgstr "(�ể phục hồi lại chúng hãy gõ \"git stash apply\")"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:95
-#, sh-format
-msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
-msgstr "không thể tháo b� một thành phần ra kh�i “$remoteurl� url"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:237
-#, sh-format
-msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr ""
-"Không tìm thấy ánh xạ (mapping) mô-đun-con trong .gitmodules cho đư�ng dẫn "
-"“$sm_path�"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:287
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
-msgstr "Nhân bản “$url� vào đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path� gặp lỗi"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:296
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
-msgstr ""
-"Gitdir “$a� là bộ phận của đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$b� hoặc \"vice versa\""
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:406
+#: git-submodule.sh:188
 msgid "Relative path can only be used from the toplevel of the working tree"
 msgstr ""
 "�ư�ng dẫn tương đối chỉ có thể dùng từ thư mục ở mức cao nhất của cây làm "
 "việc"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:416
+#: git-submodule.sh:198
 #, sh-format
 msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
 msgstr ""
 "repo URL: “$repo� phải là đư�ng dẫn tuyệt đối hoặc là bắt đầu bằng ./|../"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:433
+#: git-submodule.sh:217
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
 msgstr "�$sm_path� thực sự đã tồn tại ở bảng mục lục rồi"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:437
+#: git-submodule.sh:220
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index and is not a submodule"
+msgstr ""
+"�$sm_path� thực sự đã tồn tại ở bảng mục lục rồi và không phải là một mô-đun-"
+"con"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:226
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
@@ -10940,268 +16733,2302 @@ msgstr ""
 "$sm_path\n"
 "Sử dụng -f nếu bạn thực sự muốn thêm nó vào."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:455
+#: git-submodule.sh:249
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
 msgstr "�ang thêm repo có sẵn tại “$sm_path� vào bảng mục lục"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:457
+#: git-submodule.sh:251
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
 msgstr "�$sm_path� đã tồn tại từ trước và không phải là một kho git hợp lệ"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:465
+#: git-submodule.sh:259
 #, sh-format
 msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
 msgstr ""
 "Thư mục git cho “$sm_name� được tìm thấy một cách cục bộ với các máy chủ:"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:467
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from"
-msgstr "Nếu bạn muốn dùng lại thư mục git nội bộ này thay vì nhân bản từ nó"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:469
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo"
-msgstr ""
-"dùng tùy ch�n “--force�. Nếu thư mục git nội bộ không phải là repo (kho) đúng"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:470
+#: git-submodule.sh:261
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
+"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct "
+"repo\n"
 "or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
 "option."
 msgstr ""
-"hay bạn không chắc chắn đi�u đó có nghĩa gì ch�n tên khác với tùy ch�n “--"
-"name�."
+"Nếu bạn muốn sử dụng lại thư mục nội bộ này thay vì nhân bản lại lần nữa từ\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"dùng tùy ch�n “--force�. Nếu thư mục git nội bộ không phải là một kho đúng\n"
+"hoặc là bạn không chắc chắn đi�u đó nghĩa là gì thì ch�n tên khác với tùy "
+"ch�n “--name�."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:472
+#: git-submodule.sh:267
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
 msgstr ""
 "Phục hồi sự hoạt động của thư mục git nội bộ cho mô-đun-con “$sm_name�."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:484
+#: git-submodule.sh:279
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Không thể lấy ra mô-đun-con “$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:489
+#: git-submodule.sh:284
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi thêm mô-đun-con “$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:498
+#: git-submodule.sh:293
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đăng ký với hệ thống mô-đun-con “$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:542
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Entering '$prefix$displaypath'"
-msgstr "�ang vào “$prefix$displaypath�"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:562
+#: git-submodule.sh:354
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Stopping at '$prefix$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
-msgstr ""
-"Dừng lại tại “$prefix$displaypath�; script trả v� trạng thái khác không."
+msgid "Entering '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "�ang vào “$displaypath�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:608
+#: git-submodule.sh:374
 #, sh-format
-msgid "No url found for submodule path '$displaypath' in .gitmodules"
-msgstr ""
-"Không tìm thấy url cho đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$displaypath� trong .gitmodules"
+msgid "Stopping at '$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgstr "Dừng lại tại “$displaypath�; script trả v� trạng thái khác không."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:617
+#: git-submodule.sh:600
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đăng ký url cho đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$displaypath�"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:619
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Mô-đun-con “$name� ($url) được đăng ký cho đư�ng dẫn “$displaypath�"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:636
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
-"Gặp lỗi khi đăng ký chế độ cập nhật cho đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$displaypath�"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:674
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Use '.' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
-msgstr "Dùng “.� nếu bạn thực sự muốn gỡ b� m�i mô-đun-con"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:691
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains a .git directory"
-msgstr "Cây làm việc mô-đun-con “$displaypath� có chứa thư mục .git"
+"Không tìm thấy điểm xét duyệt hiện hành trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con "
+"“$displaypath�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:692
+#: git-submodule.sh:610
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
-msgstr ""
-"(dùng “rm -rf� nếu bạn thực sự muốn gỡ b� nó cùng với tất cả lịch sử của "
-"chúng)"
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Không thể lấy v� trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:698
+#: git-submodule.sh:615
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains local modifications; use '-f' to "
-"discard them"
+"Unable to find current ${remote_name}/${branch} revision in submodule path "
+"'$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
-"Cây làm việc mô-đun-con “$displaypath� chứa các thay đổi nội bộ; hãy dùng “-"
-"f� để loại b� chúng đi"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:701
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Cleared directory '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "�ã tạo thư mục “$displaypath�"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:702
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Không thể gỡ b� cây làm việc mô-đun-con “$displaypath�"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:705
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Could not create empty submodule directory '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Không thể tạo thư mục mô-đun-con rỗng “$displaypath�"
+"Không thể tìm thấy điểm xét duyệt hiện hành ${remote_name}/${branch} trong "
+"đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:714
+#: git-submodule.sh:633
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Mô-đun-con “$name� ($url) được b� đăng ký cho đư�ng dẫn “$displaypath�"
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "Không thể lấy v� trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$displaypath�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:830
+#: git-submodule.sh:639
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Submodule path '$displaypath' not initialized\n"
-"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+"Fetched in submodule path '$displaypath', but it did not contain $sha1. "
+"Direct fetching of that commit failed."
 msgstr ""
-"�ư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$displaypath� chưa được khởi tạo.\n"
-"Có lẽ bạn muốn sử dụng lệnh “update --init�?"
+"�ã lấy v� từ đư�ng dẫn mô-đun con “$displaypath�, nhưng nó không chứa $sha1. "
+"Lấy v� theo định hướng của lần chuyển giao đó gặp lỗi."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:843
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr ""
-"Không tìm thấy điểm xét duyệt hiện hành trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con "
-"“$displaypath�"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:852
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Không thể lấy v� trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path�"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:876
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Không thể lấy v� trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$displaypath�"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:890
+#: git-submodule.sh:646
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr "Không thể lấy ra “$sha1� trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$displaypath�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:891
+#: git-submodule.sh:647
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': checked out '$sha1'"
 msgstr "�ư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$displaypath�: đã checkout “$sha1�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:895
+#: git-submodule.sh:651
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr "Không thể cải tổ “$sha1� trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$displaypath�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:896
+#: git-submodule.sh:652
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': rebased into '$sha1'"
 msgstr "�ư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$displaypath�: được rebase vào trong “$sha1�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:901
+#: git-submodule.sh:657
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
 "Không thể hòa trộn (merge) “$sha1� trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$displaypath�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:902
+#: git-submodule.sh:658
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': merged in '$sha1'"
 msgstr "�ư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$displaypath�: được hòa trộn vào “$sha1�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:907
+#: git-submodule.sh:663
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule  path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgid "Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr ""
 "Thực hiện không thành công lệnh “$command $sha1� trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con "
-"“$prefix$sm_path�"
+"“$displaypath�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:908
+#: git-submodule.sh:664
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': '$command $sha1'"
-msgstr "�ư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$prefix$sm_path�: “$command $sha1�"
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': '$command $sha1'"
+msgstr "�ư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$displaypath�: “$command $sha1�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:938
+#: git-submodule.sh:695
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đệ quy vào trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$displaypath�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1046
+#: git-submodule.sh:791
 msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
 msgstr "Tùy ch�n --cached không thể dùng cùng với tùy ch�n --files"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1098
+#: git-submodule.sh:843
 #, sh-format
 msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
 msgstr "chế độ không như mong ch� $mod_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1118
+#: git-submodule.sh:863
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
 msgstr "  Cảnh báo: $display_name không chứa lần chuyển giao $sha1_src"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1121
+#: git-submodule.sh:866
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
 msgstr "  Cảnh báo: $display_name không chứa lần chuyển giao $sha1_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1124
+#: git-submodule.sh:869
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
 msgstr ""
 "  Cảnh báo: $display_name không chứa những lần chuyển giao $sha1_src và "
 "$sha1_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1149
-msgid "blob"
-msgstr "blob"
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "See git-${cmd}(1) for details."
+msgstr "Xem git-${cmd}(1) để biết thêm chi tiết."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:142
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Rebasing ($new_count/$total)"
+msgstr "�ang rebase ($new_count/$total)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:158
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Commands:\n"
+"p, pick <commit> = use commit\n"
+"r, reword <commit> = use commit, but edit the commit message\n"
+"e, edit <commit> = use commit, but stop for amending\n"
+"s, squash <commit> = use commit, but meld into previous commit\n"
+"f, fixup <commit> = like \"squash\", but discard this commit's log message\n"
+"x, exec <command> = run command (the rest of the line) using shell\n"
+"d, drop <commit> = remove commit\n"
+"l, label <label> = label current HEAD with a name\n"
+"t, reset <label> = reset HEAD to a label\n"
+"m, merge [-C <commit> | -c <commit>] <label> [# <oneline>]\n"
+".       create a merge commit using the original merge commit's\n"
+".       message (or the oneline, if no original merge commit was\n"
+".       specified). Use -c <commit> to reword the commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Các lệnh:\n"
+"p, pick <commit> = dùng lần chuyển giao\n"
+"r, reword <commit> = dùng lần chuyển giao, nhưng sửa lại phần chú thích\n"
+"e, edit <commit> = dùng lần chuyển giao, nhưng dừng lại để tu bổ (amend)\n"
+"s, squash <commit> = dùng lần chuyển giao, nhưng meld vào lần chuyển giao kế "
+"trÆ°á»›c\n"
+"f, fixup <commit> = giống như \"squash\", nhưng loại b� chú thích nhật ký "
+"của lần chuyển giao này\n"
+"x, exec <commit> = chạy lệnh (phần còn lại của dòng) dùng hệ v�\n"
+"d, drop <commit> = xóa lần chuyển giao\n"
+"l, label <label> = đánh nhãn HEAD hiện tại bằng một tên\n"
+"t, reset <label> = đặt lại HEAD thành một nhãn\n"
+"m, merge [-C <commit> | -c <commit>] <nhãn> [# <một_dòng>]\n"
+".       tạo một lần chuyển giao hòa trộn sử dụng chú thích của lần chuyển\n"
+".       giao hòa trộn gốc (hoặc một_dòng, nếu không chỉ định lần chuyển giao "
+"hòa\n"
+".       trộn gốc). Dùng -c <commit> để reword chú thích của lần chuyển "
+"giao.\n"
+"\n"
+"Những dòng này có thể đảo ngược thứ tự; chúng chạy từ trên đỉnh xuống dưới "
+"đáy.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:179
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Do not remove any line. Use 'drop' explicitly to remove a commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"�ừng xóa bất kỳ dòng nào. Dùng “drop� một cách rõ ràng để xóa b� một lần "
+"chuyển giao.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:183
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Nếu bạn xóa b� một dòng ở đây thì LẦN CHUYỂN GIAO �Ó SẼ MẤT.\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:221
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You can amend the commit now, with\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Once you are satisfied with your changes, run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn có thể tu bổ lần chuyển giao ngay bây gi� bằng:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Một khi đã hài lòng với những thay đổi của mình, thì chạy:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1267
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:246
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đệ quy vào trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path�"
+msgid "$sha1: not a commit that can be picked"
+msgstr "$sha1: không phải là lần chuyển giao mà có thể lấy ra được"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1331
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:285
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "Url Mô-đun-con đồng bộ hóa cho “$displaypath�"
+msgid "Invalid commit name: $sha1"
+msgstr "Tên lần chuyển giao không hợp lệ: $sha1"
 
-#~ msgid "no files added"
-#~ msgstr "chưa có tập tin nào được thêm vào"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:325
+msgid "Cannot write current commit's replacement sha1"
+msgstr "Không thể ghi lại sha1 thay thế của lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:376
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "Chuyển-tiếp-nhanh đến $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:378
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "Không thể chuyển-tiếp-nhanh đến $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:387
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot move HEAD to $first_parent"
+msgstr "Không thể di chuyển HEAD đến $first_parent"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:392
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Refusing to squash a merge: $sha1"
+msgstr "Từ chối squash lần hòa trộn: $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:410
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Error redoing merge $sha1"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi hoàn lại bước hòa trộn $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:419
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not pick $sha1"
+msgstr "Không thể lấy ra $sha1"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:428
+#, sh-format
+msgid "This is the commit message #${n}:"
+msgstr "�ây là chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ #${n}:"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:433
+#, sh-format
+msgid "The commit message #${n} will be skipped:"
+msgstr "Chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ #${n} sẽ bị b� qua:"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:444
+#, sh-format
+msgid "This is a combination of $count commit."
+msgid_plural "This is a combination of $count commits."
+msgstr[0] "�ây là tổ hợp của $count lần chuyển giao."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:453
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot write $fixup_msg"
+msgstr "Không thể $fixup_msg"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:456
+msgid "This is a combination of 2 commits."
+msgstr "�ây là tổ hợp của 2 lần chuyển giao."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:497 git-rebase--interactive.sh:540
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:543
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
+msgstr "Không thể áp dụng $sha1… $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:572
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not amend commit after successfully picking $sha1... $rest\n"
+"This is most likely due to an empty commit message, or the pre-commit hook\n"
+"failed. If the pre-commit hook failed, you may need to resolve the issue "
+"before\n"
+"you are able to reword the commit."
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể tu bổ lần chuyển giao sau khi lấy ra $sha1… $rest thành công\n"
+"Việc này có thể là do một ghi chú cho lần chuyển giao là trống rỗng, hoặc "
+"móc pre-commit\n"
+"gặp lỗi. Nếu là móc pre-commit bị lỗi, Bạn có lẽ cần giải quyết trục trặc "
+"này\n"
+"trước khi bạn có thể làm việc lại với lần chuyển giao."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:587
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopped at $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+msgstr "Bị dừng tại $sha1_abbrev… $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:602
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot '$squash_style' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "Không “$squash_style� thể mà không có lần chuyển giao kế trước"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:644
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Executing: $rest"
+msgstr "Thá»±c thi: $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:652
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Execution failed: $rest"
+msgstr "Thực thi gặp lỗi: $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:654
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree"
+msgstr "và tạo các thay đổi bảng mục lục và/hay cây làm việc"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:656
+msgid ""
+"You can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn có thể sửa các trục trặc, và sau đó chạy lệnh “cải tổ�:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: after these lines is a command to be issued by the user
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:669
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Execution succeeded: $rest\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"Thực thi thành công: $rest\n"
+"nhưng còn các thay đổi trong mục lục và/hoặc cây làm việc\n"
+"Chuyển giao hay tạm cất các thay đổi này đi, rồi chạy\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:680
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unknown command: $command $sha1 $rest"
+msgstr "Lệnh chưa biết: $command $sha1 $rest"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:681
+msgid "Please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "Vui lòng sửa lỗi này bằng cách dùng “git rebase --edit-todo�."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:716
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Successfully rebased and updated $head_name."
+msgstr "Cài tổ và cập nhật $head_name một cách thành công."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:740
+msgid "could not detach HEAD"
+msgstr "không thể tách r�i HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:778
+msgid "Could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "Không thể xóa b� CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:783
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You have staged changes in your working tree.\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be\n"
+"squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn có các thay đổi so với trong bệ phóng trong\n"
+"thư mục làm việc của bạn. Nếu các thay đổi này là muốn\n"
+"squash vào lần chuyển giao kế trước, chạy:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Nếu chúng có ý là đi đến lần chuyển giao mới, thì chạy:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Trong cả hai trư�ng hợp, một khi bạn làm xong, tiếp tục bằng:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:800
+msgid "Error trying to find the author identity to amend commit"
+msgstr "Lỗi khi cố tìm định danh của tác giả để tu bổ lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:805
+msgid ""
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn có các thay đổi chưa chuyển giao trong thư mục làm việc.\n"
+"Vui lòng chuyển giao chúng và sau đó chạy lệnh “git rebase --continue� lần "
+"nữa."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:810 git-rebase--interactive.sh:814
+msgid "Could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "Không thể chuyển giao các thay đổi đã đưa lên bệ phóng."
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:843
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.\n"
+"To continue rebase after editing, run:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Bạn đang sửa tập tin todo của một lần cải tổ tương tác đang thực hiện.\n"
+"�ể tiếp tục cải tổ sau khi sửa, chạy:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:851 git-rebase--interactive.sh:937
+msgid "Could not execute editor"
+msgstr "Không thể thực thi trình biên soạn"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:872
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not checkout $switch_to"
+msgstr "Không thể checkout $switch_to"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:879
+msgid "No HEAD?"
+msgstr "Không HEAD?"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:880
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not create temporary $state_dir"
+msgstr "Không thể tạo thư mục tạm th�i $state_dir"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:883
+msgid "Could not mark as interactive"
+msgstr "Không thể đánh dấu là tương tác"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:915
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount command)"
+msgid_plural "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount commands)"
+msgstr[0] "Cải tổ $shortrevisions vào $shortonto (các lệnh $todocount)"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:920
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\tHowever, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.\n"
+"\n"
+"\t"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"\tTuy nhiên, nếu bạn xóa b� m�i thứ, việc cải tổ sẽ bị bãi b�.\n"
+"\n"
+"\t"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:927
+msgid "Note that empty commits are commented out"
+msgstr "Chú ý rằng lần chuyển giao trống rỗng là ghi chú"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:980
+msgid "Could not generate todo list"
+msgstr "Không thể tạo danh sách cần làm"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1001 git-rebase--interactive.sh:1006
+msgid "Could not init rewritten commits"
+msgstr "Không thể khởi tạo các lần chuyển giao ghi lại"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:89 git-sh-setup.sh:94
+#, sh-format
+msgid "usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+msgstr "cách dùng: $dashless $USAGE"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:190
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot chdir to $cdup, the toplevel of the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể chuyển thư mục (chdir) sang $cdup, thư mục ở mức cao nhất của cây "
+"làm việc"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:199 git-sh-setup.sh:206
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: $program_name cannot be used without a working tree."
+msgstr ""
+"lỗi nghiêm tr�ng: $program_name không thể được dùng ngoaoif thư mục làm việc."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:220
+msgid "Cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "Không thể cải tổ: Bạn có các thay đổi chưa được đưa lên bệ phóng."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:223
+msgid "Cannot rewrite branches: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể ghi lại các nhánh: Bạn có các thay đổi chưa được đưa lên bệ phóng."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:226
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể pull với cải tổ: Bạn có các thay đổi chưa được đưa lên bệ phóng."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:229
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot $action: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "Không thể $action: Bạn có các thay đổi chưa được đưa lên bệ phóng."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:242
+msgid "Cannot rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể cải tổ: Mục lục của bạn có chứa các thay đổi chưa được chuyển giao."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:245
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "Không thể pull với cải tổ: Bạn có các thay đổi chưa được chuyển giao."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:248
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot $action: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể $action: Mục lục của bạn có chứa các thay đổi chưa được chuyển "
+"giao."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:252
+msgid "Additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr ""
+"Thêm vào đó, bảng mục lục của bạn có chứa các thay đổi chưa được chuyển giao."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:372
+msgid "You need to run this command from the toplevel of the working tree."
+msgstr "Bạn cần chạy lệnh này từ thư mục ở mức cao nhất của cây làm việc."
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:377
+msgid "Unable to determine absolute path of git directory"
+msgstr "Không thể dò tìm đư�ng dẫn tuyệt đối của thư mục git"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: you can adjust this to align "git add -i" status menu
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:196
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%12s %12s %s"
+msgstr "%12s %12s %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "staged"
+msgstr "đã đưa lên bệ phóng"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "unstaged"
+msgstr "chưa đưa lên bệ phóng"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:253 git-add--interactive.perl:278
+msgid "binary"
+msgstr "nhị phân"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:262 git-add--interactive.perl:316
+msgid "nothing"
+msgstr "không có gì"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:298 git-add--interactive.perl:313
+msgid "unchanged"
+msgstr "không thay đổi"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:609
+#, perl-format
+msgid "added %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "added %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "đã thêm %d đư�ng dẫn\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:612
+#, perl-format
+msgid "updated %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "updated %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "đã cập nhật %d đư�ng dẫn\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:615
+#, perl-format
+msgid "reverted %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "reverted %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "đã hoàn nguyên %d đư�ng dẫn\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:618
+#, perl-format
+msgid "touched %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "touched %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d đư�ng dẫn đã touch (chạm)\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:627
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "Cập nhật"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:639
+msgid "Revert"
+msgstr "Hoàn nguyên"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:662
+#, perl-format
+msgid "note: %s is untracked now.\n"
+msgstr "chú ý: %s gi� đã b� theo dõi.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:673
+msgid "Add untracked"
+msgstr "Thêm các cái chưa được theo dõi"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:679
+msgid "No untracked files.\n"
+msgstr "Không có tập tin nào chưa được theo dõi.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1033
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for staging."
+msgstr ""
+"Nếu miếng vá được áp dụng sạch sẽ, hunk đã sửa sẽ ngay lập tức\n"
+"được đánh dấu để chuyển lên bệ phóng."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1036
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for stashing."
+msgstr ""
+"Nếu miếng vá được áp dụng sạch sẽ, hunk đã sửa sẽ ngay lập tức\n"
+"được đánh dấu để tạm cất."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1039
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for unstaging."
+msgstr ""
+"Nếu miếng vá được áp dụng sạch sẽ, hunk đã sửa sẽ ngay lập tức\n"
+"được đánh dấu để b� chuyển lên bệ phóng."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1042 git-add--interactive.perl:1051
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for applying."
+msgstr ""
+"Nếu miếng vá được áp dụng sạch sẽ, hunk đã sửa sẽ ngay lập tức\n"
+"được đánh dấu để áp dụng."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1045 git-add--interactive.perl:1048
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for discarding."
+msgstr ""
+"Nếu miếng vá được áp dụng sạch sẽ, hunk đã sửa sẽ ngay lập tức\n"
+"được đánh dấu để loại b�."
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1085
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for writing: %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi tập tin sửa hunk để ghi: %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1086
+msgid "Manual hunk edit mode -- see bottom for a quick guide.\n"
+msgstr "Chế độ sửa hunk bằng tay -- xem ở đáy để có hướng dẫn sử dụng nhanh.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1092
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"---\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, delete them.\n"
+"Lines starting with %s will be removed.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"---\n"
+"�ể gỡ b� các dòng “%s�, làm chúng thành những dòng “ “ (nội dung).\n"
+"�ể xóa b� dòng “%s�, xóa chúng đi.\n"
+"Những dòng bắt đầu bằng %s sẽ bị loại b�.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: 'it' refers to the patch mentioned in the previous messages.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1100
+msgid ""
+"If it does not apply cleanly, you will be given an opportunity to\n"
+"edit again.  If all lines of the hunk are removed, then the edit is\n"
+"aborted and the hunk is left unchanged.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nếu miếng vá không được áp dụng sạch sẽ, bạn sẽ có một cơ hội\n"
+"để sửa lần nữa. Nếu m�i dòng của hunk bị xóa b�, thế thì những\n"
+"sửa dổi sẽ bị loại b�, và hunk vẫn giữ nguyên.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1114
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for reading: %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi mở tập tin hunk để đ�c: %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: do not translate [y/n]
+#. The program will only accept that input
+#. at this point.
+#. Consider translating (saying "no" discards!) as
+#. (saying "n" for "no" discards!) if the translation
+#. of the word "no" does not start with n.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1213
+msgid ""
+"Your edited hunk does not apply. Edit again (saying \"no\" discards!) [y/n]? "
+msgstr ""
+"Hunk đã sửa của bạn không được áp dụng. Sửa lại lần nữa (nói \"n\" để loại "
+"b�!) [y/n]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1222
+msgid ""
+"y - stage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - đưa lên bệ phóng hunk này\n"
+"n - đừng đưa lên bệ phóng hunk này\n"
+"q - thoát; đừng đưa lên bệ phóng hunk này cũng như bất kỳ cái nào còn lại\n"
+"a - đưa lên bệ phóng hunk này và tất cả các hunk sau này trong tập tin\n"
+"d - đừng đưa lên bệ phóng hunk này cũng như bất kỳ cái nào còn lại trong tập "
+"tin"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1228
+msgid ""
+"y - stash this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stash this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stash this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stash this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stash this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - tạm cất hunk này\n"
+"n - đừng tạm cất hunk này\n"
+"q - thoát; đừng tạm cất hunk này cũng như bất kỳ cái nào còn lại\n"
+"a - tạm cất hunk này và tất cả các hunk sau này trong tập tin\n"
+"d - đừng tạm cất hunk này cũng như bất kỳ cái nào còn lại trong tập tin"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1234
+msgid ""
+"y - unstage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not unstage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not unstage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - unstage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not unstage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - đưa ra kh�i bệ phóng hunk này\n"
+"n - đừng đưa ra kh�i bệ phóng hunk này\n"
+"q - thoát; đừng đưa ra kh�i bệ phóng hunk này cũng như bất kỳ cái nào còn "
+"lại\n"
+"a - đưa ra kh�i bệ phóng hunk này và tất cả các hunk sau này trong tập tin\n"
+"d - đừng đưa ra kh�i bệ phóng hunk này cũng như bất kỳ cái nào còn lại trong "
+"tập tin"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1240
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - áp dụng hunk này vào mục lục\n"
+"n - đừng áp dụng hunk này vào mục lục\n"
+"q - thoát; đừng áp dụng hunk này cũng như bất kỳ cái nào còn lại\n"
+"a - áp dụng hunk này và tất cả các hunk sau này trong tập tin\n"
+"d - đừng áp dụng hunk này cũng như bất kỳ cái nào sau này trong tập tin"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1246
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - loại b� hunk này kh�i cây làm việc\n"
+"n - đừng loại b� hunk kh�i cây làm việc\n"
+"q - thoát; đừng loại b� hunk này cũng như bất kỳ cái nào còn lại\n"
+"a - loại b� hunk này và tất cả các hunk sau này trong tập tin\n"
+"d - đừng loại b� hunk này cũng như bất kỳ cái nào sau này trong tập tin"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1252
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - loại b� hunk này kh�i mục lục và cây làm việc\n"
+"n - đừng loại b� hunk kh�i mục lục và cây làm việc\n"
+"q - thoát; đừng loại b� hunk này cũng như bất kỳ cái nào còn lại\n"
+"a - loại b� hunk này và tất cả các hunk sau này trong tập tin\n"
+"d - đừng loại b� hunk này cũng như bất kỳ cái nào sau này trong tập tin"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1258
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - áp dụng hunk này vào mục lục và cây làm việc\n"
+"n - đừng áp dụng hunk vào mục lục và cây làm việc\n"
+"q - thoát; đừng áp dụng hunk này cũng như bất kỳ cái nào còn lại\n"
+"a - áp dụng hunk này và tất cả các hunk sau này trong tập tin\n"
+"d - đừng áp dụng hunk này cũng như bất kỳ cái nào sau này trong tập tin"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1273
+msgid ""
+"g - select a hunk to go to\n"
+"/ - search for a hunk matching the given regex\n"
+"j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk\n"
+"J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk\n"
+"k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk\n"
+"K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk\n"
+"s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks\n"
+"e - manually edit the current hunk\n"
+"? - print help\n"
+msgstr ""
+"g - ch�n một hunk muốn tới\n"
+"/ - tìm một hunk khớp với biểu thức chính quy đưa ra\n"
+"j - để lại hunk này là chưa quyết định, xem hunk chưa quyết định kế\n"
+"J - để lại hunk này là chưa quyết định, xem hunk kế\n"
+"k - để lại hunk này là chưa quyết định, xem hunk chưa quyết định kế trước\n"
+"K - để lại hunk này là chưa quyết định, xem hunk kế trước\n"
+"s - chia hunk hiện tại thành các hunk nh� hơn\n"
+"e - sửa bằng tay hunk hiện hành\n"
+"? - in trợ giúp\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1304
+msgid "The selected hunks do not apply to the index!\n"
+msgstr "Các hunk đã ch�n không được áp dụng vào bảng mục lục!\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1305
+msgid "Apply them to the worktree anyway? "
+msgstr "Vẫn áp dụng chúng cho cây làm việc? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1308
+msgid "Nothing was applied.\n"
+msgstr "�ã không áp dụng gì cả.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1319
+#, perl-format
+msgid "ignoring unmerged: %s\n"
+msgstr "b� qua những thứ chưa hòa trộn: %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1328
+msgid "Only binary files changed.\n"
+msgstr "Chỉ có các tập tin nhị phân là thay đổi.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1330
+msgid "No changes.\n"
+msgstr "Không có thay đổi nào.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1338
+msgid "Patch update"
+msgstr "Cập nhật miếng vá"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1390
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Thay đổi chế độ bệ phóng [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1391
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Xóa kh�i bệ phóng [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1392
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "�ưa lên bệ phóng hunk này [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1395
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Thay đổi chế độ tạm cất đi [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1396
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Xóa tạm cất [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1397
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Tạm cất hunk này [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1400
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Thay đổi chế độ b� ra kh�i bệ phóng [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1401
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Xóa b� việc b� ra kh�i bệ phóng [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1402
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "B� ra kh�i bệ phóng hunk này [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1405
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "�p dụng thay đổi chế độ cho mục lục [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1406
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "�p dụng việc xóa vào mục lục [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1407
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "�o dụng hunk này vào mục lục [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1410
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Loại b� các thay đổi chế độ từ cây làm việc [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1411
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Loại b� việc xóa kh�i cây làm việc [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1412
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Loại b� hunk này kh�i cây làm việc [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1415
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Loại b� thay đổi chế độ từ mục lục và cây làm việc [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1416
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Loại b� việc xóa kh�i mục lục và cây làm việc [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1417
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "Loại b� hunk này kh�i mục lục và cây làm việc [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1420
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "�p dụng thay đổi chế độ cho mục lục và cây làm việc [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1421
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "�p dụng việc xóa vào mục lục và cây làm việc [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1422
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "�p dụng hunk này vào mục lục và cây làm việc [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1522
+msgid "No other hunks to goto\n"
+msgstr "Không còn hunk nào để mà nhảy đến\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1529
+msgid "go to which hunk (<ret> to see more)? "
+msgstr "nhảy đến hunk nào (<ret> để xem thêm)? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1531
+msgid "go to which hunk? "
+msgstr "nhảy đến hunk nào?"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1540
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Invalid number: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Số không hợp lệ: “%s�\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1545
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sorry, only %d hunk available.\n"
+msgid_plural "Sorry, only %d hunks available.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Rất tiếc, chỉ có sẵn %d hunk..\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1571
+msgid "No other hunks to search\n"
+msgstr "Không còn hunk nào để mà tìm kiếm\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1575
+msgid "search for regex? "
+msgstr "tìm kiếm cho regex? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1588
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Malformed search regexp %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "�ịnh dạng tìm kiếm của biểu thức chính quy không đúng %s: %s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1598
+msgid "No hunk matches the given pattern\n"
+msgstr "Không thấy hunk nào khớp mẫu đã cho\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1610 git-add--interactive.perl:1632
+msgid "No previous hunk\n"
+msgstr "Không có hunk kế trước\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1619 git-add--interactive.perl:1638
+msgid "No next hunk\n"
+msgstr "Không có hunk kế tiếp\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1644
+msgid "Sorry, cannot split this hunk\n"
+msgstr "Rất tiếc, không thể chia nh� hunk này\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1650
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Split into %d hunk.\n"
+msgid_plural "Split into %d hunks.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Chi nh� thành %d hunks.\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1660
+msgid "Sorry, cannot edit this hunk\n"
+msgstr "Rất tiếc, không thể sửa hunk này\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1706
+msgid "Review diff"
+msgstr "Xem xét lại diff"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please do not translate the command names
+#. 'status', 'update', 'revert', etc.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1725
+msgid ""
+"status        - show paths with changes\n"
+"update        - add working tree state to the staged set of changes\n"
+"revert        - revert staged set of changes back to the HEAD version\n"
+"patch         - pick hunks and update selectively\n"
+"diff          - view diff between HEAD and index\n"
+"add untracked - add contents of untracked files to the staged set of "
+"changes\n"
+msgstr ""
+"status        - hiển thị các đư�ng dẫn với các thay đổi\n"
+"update        - đặt trạng thái cây làm việc thành tập hợp các thay đổi đã "
+"đặt lên bệ phóng\n"
+"revert        - hoàn nguyên tập hợp các thay đổi đã đặt lên bệ phóng trở lại "
+"phiên bản HEAD\n"
+"patch         - cậy các hunk và cập nhật có lựa ch�n\n"
+"diff\t      - xem khác biệt giữa HEAD và mục lục\n"
+"add untracked - thêm nội dung các các tập tin chưa theo dõi và tập hợp các "
+"thay đổi đã đặt lên bệ phóng\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1742 git-add--interactive.perl:1747
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1750 git-add--interactive.perl:1757
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1761 git-add--interactive.perl:1767
+msgid "missing --"
+msgstr "thiếu --"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1763
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unknown --patch mode: %s"
+msgstr "không hiểu chế độ --patch: %s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1769 git-add--interactive.perl:1775
+#, perl-format
+msgid "invalid argument %s, expecting --"
+msgstr "đối số không hợp lệ %s, cần --"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:130
+msgid "local zone differs from GMT by a non-minute interval\n"
+msgstr "múi gi� nội bộ khác biệt với GMT bởi khoảng th�i gian không-phút\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:137 git-send-email.perl:143
+msgid "local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n"
+msgstr "khoảng bù th�i gian nội bộ lớn hơn hoặc bằng 24 gi�\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:211 git-send-email.perl:217
+msgid "the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything"
+msgstr "trình soạn thảo thoát không sạch sẽ, bãi b� m�i thứ"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:294
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' contains an intermediate version of the email you were composing.\n"
+msgstr "“%s� có chưa một phiên bản trung gian của thư bạn đã soạn.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:299
+#, perl-format
+msgid "'%s.final' contains the composed email.\n"
+msgstr "“%s.final� chứa thư điện tử đã soạn thảo.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:317
+msgid "--dump-aliases incompatible with other options\n"
+msgstr "--dump-aliases xung khắc với các tùy ch�n khác\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:383 git-send-email.perl:638
+msgid "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+msgstr "Không thể chạy git format-patch ở ngoài một kho chứa\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:386
+msgid ""
+"`batch-size` and `relogin` must be specified together (via command-line or "
+"configuration option)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"“batch-size� và “relogin� phải được chỉ định cùng với nhau (thông qua dòng "
+"lệnh hoặc tùy ch�n cấu hình)\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:456
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --suppress-cc field: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Không hiểu trư�ng --suppress-cc: “%s�\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:485
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --confirm setting: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Không hiểu cài đặt --confirm: “%s�\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:513
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail alias with quotes is not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "cảnh báo: bí danh sendmail với dấu trích dẫn không được hỗ trợ: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:515
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `:include:` not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "cảnh báo: “:include:“ không được hỗ trợ: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:517
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `/file` or `|pipe` redirection not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "cảnh báo: chuyển hướng “/file“ hay “|pipe“ không được hỗ trợ: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:522
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail line is not recognized: %s\n"
+msgstr "cảnh báo: dòng sendmail không nhận ra được: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:604
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"File '%s' exists but it could also be the range of commits\n"
+"to produce patches for.  Please disambiguate by...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * Saying \"./%s\" if you mean a file; or\n"
+"    * Giving --format-patch option if you mean a range.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Tập tin “%s� đã có sẵn nhưng nó có lẽ cũng là chuẩn bị của\n"
+"các miếng vá tạo lần chuyển giao. Vui lòng làm rõ ý bằng…\n"
+"\n"
+"    * Nói \"./%s\" nếu ý bạn là một tập tin; hoặc\n"
+"    * �ưa ra tùy ch�n --format-patch nếu ý bạn là chuẩn bị.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:625
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to opendir %s: %s"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi mở thư mục “%s�: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:649
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"fatal: %s: %s\n"
+"warning: no patches were sent\n"
+msgstr ""
+"nghiêm tr�ng: %s: %s\n"
+"cảnh báo: không có miếng vá nào được gửi đi\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:660
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"No patch files specified!\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Chưa chỉ định các tập tin miếng vá!\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:673
+#, perl-format
+msgid "No subject line in %s?"
+msgstr "Không có dòng chủ đ� trong %s?"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:683
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open for writing %s: %s"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi mở “%s� để ghi: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:694
+msgid ""
+"Lines beginning in \"GIT:\" will be removed.\n"
+"Consider including an overall diffstat or table of contents\n"
+"for the patch you are writing.\n"
+"\n"
+"Clear the body content if you don't wish to send a summary.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Các dòng bắt đầu bằng \"GIT:\" sẽ bị xóa b�.\n"
+"Cân nhắc bao gồm một thống kê diff toàn thể hay bảng nội dung\n"
+"cho miếng vá mà bạn đang viết.\n"
+"\n"
+"Xóa nội dung phần thân nếu bạn không muốn gửi tóm tắt.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:718
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s: %s"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi mở “%s�: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:735
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s.final: %s"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi mở %s.final: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:778
+msgid "Summary email is empty, skipping it\n"
+msgstr "Thư tổng thể là trống rỗng, nên b� qua nó\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep [y/N] as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:813
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to use <%s> [y/N]? "
+msgstr "Bạn có chắc muốn dùng <%s> [y/N]? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:868
+msgid ""
+"The following files are 8bit, but do not declare a Content-Transfer-"
+"Encoding.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Các trư�ng sau đây là 8bit, nhưng không khai báo một Content-Transfer-"
+"Encoding.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:873
+msgid "Which 8bit encoding should I declare [UTF-8]? "
+msgstr "Bảng mã 8bit nào tôi nên khai báo [UTF-8]? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:881
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"Refusing to send because the patch\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"has the template subject '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. Pass --force if you really "
+"want to send.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Từ chối gửi bởi vì miếng vá\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"có chủ đ� ở dạng mẫu “*** SUBJECT HERE ***�. Dùng --force nếu bạn thực sự "
+"muốn gửi.\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:900
+msgid "To whom should the emails be sent (if anyone)?"
+msgstr "Tới ngư�i mà thư được gửi (nếu có)?"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:918
+#, perl-format
+msgid "fatal: alias '%s' expands to itself\n"
+msgstr "nghiêm tr�ng: bí danh “%s� được khai triển thành chính nó\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:930
+msgid "Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email (if any)? "
+msgstr "Message-ID được dùng như là In-Reply-To cho thư đầu tiên (nếu có)? "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:988 git-send-email.perl:996
+#, perl-format
+msgid "error: unable to extract a valid address from: %s\n"
+msgstr "lỗi: không thể rút trích một địa chỉ hợp lệ từ: %s\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [q] [d] [e] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1000
+msgid "What to do with this address? ([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit): "
+msgstr "Làm gì với địa chỉ này? (thoát[q]|xóa[d]|sửa[e]): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1317
+#, perl-format
+msgid "CA path \"%s\" does not exist"
+msgstr "đư�ng dẫn CA “%s� không tồn tại"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1400
+msgid ""
+"    The Cc list above has been expanded by additional\n"
+"    addresses found in the patch commit message. By default\n"
+"    send-email prompts before sending whenever this occurs.\n"
+"    This behavior is controlled by the sendemail.confirm\n"
+"    configuration setting.\n"
+"\n"
+"    For additional information, run 'git send-email --help'.\n"
+"    To retain the current behavior, but squelch this message,\n"
+"    run 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"    Danh sách Cc ở trên được diễn giải bằng các địa chỉ phụ\n"
+"    thêm tìm thấy trong l�i ghi chú lần chuyển giao của miếng vá.\n"
+"    Theo mặc định send-email sẽ nhắc trước khi gửi bất cứ khi\n"
+"    nào đi�u này xảy ra. Cách hành xử này được đi�u khiển bởi cài\n"
+"    đặt cấu hình sendemail.confirm.\n"
+"\n"
+"    �ể biết thêm chi tiết, hãy chạy lệnh “git send-email --help�.\n"
+"    �ể giữ lại cách hành xử hiện nay, làm hết l�i nhắn này,\n"
+"    chạy “git config --global sendemail.confirm auto�.\n"
+"\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y] [n] [e] [q] [a] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1415
+msgid "Send this email? ([y]es|[n]o|[e]dit|[q]uit|[a]ll): "
+msgstr "Gửi thư này chứ? ([y]có|[n]không|[e]sửa|[q]thoát|[a]tất): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1418
+msgid "Send this email reply required"
+msgstr "Gửi thư này trả l�i yêu cầu"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1446
+msgid "The required SMTP server is not properly defined."
+msgstr "Máy phục vụ SMTP chưa được định nghĩa một cách thích hợp."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1493
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Server does not support STARTTLS! %s"
+msgstr "Máy chủ không hỗ trợ STARTTLS! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1498 git-send-email.perl:1502
+#, perl-format
+msgid "STARTTLS failed! %s"
+msgstr "STARTTLS gặp lỗi! %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1512
+msgid "Unable to initialize SMTP properly. Check config and use --smtp-debug."
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể khởi tạo SMTP một cách đúng đắn. Kiểm tra cấu hình và dùng --smtp-"
+"debug."
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1530
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to send %s\n"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi gửi %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Dry-Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "Thá»­ gá»­i %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "Gá»­i %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1535
+msgid "Dry-OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "Dry-OK. Nhật ký nói rằng:\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1535
+msgid "OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "OK. Nhật ký nói rằng:\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1547
+msgid "Result: "
+msgstr "Kết quả: "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1550
+msgid "Result: OK\n"
+msgstr "Kết quả: Tốt\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1568
+#, perl-format
+msgid "can't open file %s"
+msgstr "không thể mở tập tin “%s�"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1615 git-send-email.perl:1635
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) Thêm cc: %s từ dòng “%s�\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1621
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding to: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) �ang thêm to: %s từ dòng “%s�\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1674
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(non-mbox) Thêm cc: %s từ dòng “%s�\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1699
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(body) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(body) Thêm cc: %s từ dòng “%s�\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1817
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Could not execute '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) Không thể thực thi “%s�"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1824
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Adding %s: %s from: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(%s) �ang thêm %s: %s từ: “%s�\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1828
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) failed to close pipe to '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) gặp lỗi khi đóng đư�ng ống đến “%s�"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1855
+msgid "cannot send message as 7bit"
+msgstr "không thể lấy gửi thư dạng 7 bít"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1863
+msgid "invalid transfer encoding"
+msgstr "bảng mã truy�n không hợp lệ"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1901 git-send-email.perl:1952 git-send-email.perl:1962
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unable to open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "không thể mở %s: %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1904
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%s: patch contains a line longer than 998 characters"
+msgstr "%s: miếng vá có chứa dòng dài hơn 998 ký tự"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1920
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Skipping %s with backup suffix '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "B� qua %s với hậu tố sao lưu dự phòng “%s�.\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep "[y|N]" as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1924
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Do you really want to send %s? [y|N]: "
+msgstr "Bạn có thực sự muốn gửi %s? [y|N](có/KHÔNG): "
+
+#~ msgid "Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So"
+#~ msgstr "Mỗi ngày h�c 20 lệnh Git hay hơn"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+#~ msgstr "Không thể mở “%s� để ghi"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "unexpected 1st line of squash message:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "không cần dòng thứ nhất của ghi chú squash:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "invalid 1st line of squash message:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "dòng thứ nhất của ghi chú squash không hợp lệ:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+
+#~ msgid "BUG: returned path string doesn't match cwd?"
+#~ msgstr "LỖI: trả v� chuỗi đư�ng dẫn không khớp cwd?"
+
+#~ msgid "Error in object"
+#~ msgstr "Lỗi trong đối tượng"
+
+#~ msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+#~ msgstr "git fetch-pack: cần ACK/NAK, nhưng lại nhận được EOF"
+
+#~ msgid "invalid filter-spec expression '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "biểu thức đặc tả bộ l�c “%s� không hợp lệ"
+
+#~ msgid "The copy of the patch that failed is found in: %s"
+#~ msgstr "Bản sao chép của miếng vá mà nó gặp lỗi thì được tìm thấy trong: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "pathspec and --all are incompatible"
+#~ msgstr "đặc tả đư�ng dẫn và --all xung khắc nhau"
+
+#~ msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$displaypath'"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Mô-đun-con “$name� ($url) được b� đăng ký cho đư�ng dẫn “$displaypath�"
+
+#~ msgid "To/Cc/Bcc fields are not interpreted yet, they have been ignored\n"
+#~ msgstr "Các trư�ng To/Cc/Bcc không được phiên dịch, chúng bị b� qua\n"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "empty strings as pathspecs will be made invalid in upcoming releases. "
+#~ "please use . instead if you meant to match all paths"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "chuỗi rỗng làm đặc tả đư�ng dẫn không hợp lệ ở lần phát hành kế tiếp. Vui "
+#~ "lòng dùng . để thay thế nếu ý bạn là khớp m�i đư�ng dẫn"
+
+#~ msgid "unable to open '%s' for writing"
+#~ msgstr "không thể mở “%s� để ghi"
+
+#~ msgid "could not truncate '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "không thể cắt cụt “%s�"
+
+#~ msgid "could not finish '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "không thể hoàn thành “%s�"
+
+#~ msgid "could not write to %s"
+#~ msgstr "không thể ghi vào %s"
+
+#~ msgid "could not close %s"
+#~ msgstr "không thể đóng %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Copied a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+#~ msgstr "�ã chép nhánh khuyết danh “%s� đi"
+
+#~ msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
+#~ msgstr "không hợp lý khi tạo “HEAD� thủ công"
 
-#~ msgid "force creation (when already exists)"
-#~ msgstr "ép buộc tạo (khi đã có nhánh cùng tên)"
+#~ msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
+#~ msgstr "Không biết làm cách nào để nhân bản (clone) %s"
 
-#~ msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
-#~ msgstr "Chuỗi thụt l� đầu dòng dị hình: “%s�"
+#~ msgid "show ignored files"
+#~ msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin ẩn"
+
+#~ msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
+#~ msgstr "%s không phải là một đối tượng “%s� hợp lệ"
+
+#~ msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
+#~ msgstr "Không biết làm cách nào để lấy v� từ %s"
+
+#~ msgid "'$term' is not a valid term"
+#~ msgstr "“$term� không phải là th�i kỳ hợp lệ"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
+#~ "       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "lỗi: không hiểu tùy ch�n cho “stash save�: $option\n"
+#~ "     �ể có thể dùng l�i chú thích có chứa -- ở đầu,\n"
+#~ "     dùng git stash save -- \"$option\""
+
+#~ msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+#~ msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đệ quy vào trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path�"
+
+#~ msgid "%%(trailers) does not take arguments"
+#~ msgstr "%%(trailers) không nhận các đối số"
+
+#~ msgid "submodule update strategy not supported for submodule '%s'"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "chiến lược cập nhật mô-đun-con không được hỗ trợ cho mô-đun-con “%s�"
+
+#~ msgid "change upstream info"
+#~ msgstr "thay đổi thông tin thượng nguồn"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Nếu bạn muốn “%s� theo dõi “%s�, thực hiện lệnh sau:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+
+#~ msgid "basename"
+#~ msgstr "tên cơ sở"
+
+#~ msgid "prepend parent project's basename to output"
+#~ msgstr "treo vào trước tên cơ sở cha mẹ của đư�ng dẫn vào kết xuất"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "When you have resolved this problem, run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+#~ "If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"git rebase --skip\" instead.\n"
+#~ "To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run \"git rebase --"
+#~ "abort\"."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Khi bạn cần giải quyết vấn đ� này hãy chạy lệnh \"git rebase --continue"
+#~ "\".\n"
+#~ "Nếu bạn có ý định b� qua miếng vá, thay vào đó bạn chạy \"git rebase --"
+#~ "skip\".\n"
+#~ "�ể phục hồi lại thành nhánh nguyên thủy và dừng việc vá lại thì chạy "
+#~ "\"git rebase --abort\"."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Warning: the SHA-1 is missing or isn't a commit in the following line:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Cảnh báo: SHA-1 bị thiếu hoặc không phải là một lần chuyển giao trong "
+#~ "dòng sau đây:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Warning: the command isn't recognized in the following line:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Cảnh báo: lệnh không nhận ra trong dòng sau đây:\n"
+#~ " - $line"
+
+#~ msgid "Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'."
+#~ msgstr "Hoặc là bạn có thể bãi b� lần cải tổ với lệnh “git rebase --abort�."
+
+#~ msgid "%"
+#~ msgid_plural "%"
+#~ msgstr[0] "%"
+
+#~ msgid "%s, %"
+#~ msgid_plural "%s, %"
+#~ msgstr[0] "%s, %"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not open file '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Không thể mở tập tin “%s�"
+
+#~ msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
+#~ msgstr "trong %0.1f giây một cách tự động…"
+
+#~ msgid "dup2(%d,%d) failed"
+#~ msgstr "dup2(%d,%d) gặp lỗi"
+
+#~ msgid "Initial commit on "
+#~ msgstr "Lần chuyển giao khởi tạo trên "
+
+#~ msgid "Patch is empty. Was it split wrong?"
+#~ msgstr "Miếng vá trống rỗng. Quá trình chia nh� miếng vá có lỗi?"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "You still have unmerged paths in your index.\n"
+#~ "Did you forget to use 'git add'?"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Bạn vẫn có những đư�ng dẫn chưa được hòa trộn trong bảng mục lục của "
+#~ "mình.\n"
+#~ "Bạn đã quên sử dụng lệnh “git add� à?"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
+#~ "Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Không thể cập nhật và chuyển thành nhánh “%s� cùng lúc\n"
+#~ "Bạn đã có ý định checkout “%s� cái mà không thể được phân giải như là lần "
+#~ "chuyển giao?"
+
+#~ msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i or -o; assuming --only paths..."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Những đư�ng dẫn rõ ràng được chỉ ra không có tùy ch�n -i cũng không -o; "
+#~ "coi là --only những đư�ng dẫn"
+
+#~ msgid "default mode for recursion"
+#~ msgstr "chế độ mặc định cho đệ qui"
+
+#~ msgid "submodule--helper subcommand must be called with a subcommand"
+#~ msgstr "lệnh con submodule--helper phải được g�i với một lệnh con"
+
+#~ msgid "tag: tagging "
+#~ msgstr "thẻ: đang đánh thẻ"
+
+#~ msgid "object of unknown type"
+#~ msgstr "đối tượng của kiểu chưa biết"
+
+#~ msgid "commit object"
+#~ msgstr "đối tượng lần chuyển giao"
+
+#~ msgid "tree object"
+#~ msgstr "đối tượng cây"
+
+#~ msgid "blob object"
+#~ msgstr "đối tượng blob"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "There is nothing to exclude from by :(exclude) patterns.\n"
+#~ "Perhaps you forgot to add either ':/' or '.' ?"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Ở đây không có gì bị loại trừ bởi: các mẫu (loại trừ).\n"
+#~ "Có lẽ bạn đã quên thêm hoặc là “:/� hoặc là “.�?"
+
+#~ msgid "unrecognized format: %%(%s)"
+#~ msgstr "không nhận ra định dạng: %%(%s)"
+
+#~ msgid ":strip= requires a positive integer argument"
+#~ msgstr ":strip= cần một đối số nguyên dương"
+
+#~ msgid "ref '%s' does not have %ld components to :strip"
+#~ msgstr "tham chiếu “%s� không có %ld thành phần để mà :strip"
+
+#~ msgid "unknown %.*s format %s"
+#~ msgstr "Không hiểu định dạng %.*s %s"
+
+#~ msgid "[%s: gone]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: đã ra đi]"
+
+#~ msgid "[%s]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s]"
+
+#~ msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: đứng sau %d]"
+
+#~ msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: phía trước %d]"
+
+#~ msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
+#~ msgstr "[%s: trÆ°á»›c %d, sau %d]"
+
+#~ msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
+#~ msgstr " **** tham chiếu không hợp lệ ****"
+
+#~ msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
+#~ msgstr "thư mục đối tượng dài một cách điên rồ %.*s"
+
+#~ msgid "git merge [<options>] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
+#~ msgstr "git merge [<các-tùy-ch�n>] <tin-nhắn> HEAD <commit>"
+
+#~ msgid "cannot open file '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "không thể mở tập tin “%s�"
+
+#~ msgid "could not close file %s"
+#~ msgstr "không thể đóng tập tin %s"
+
+#~ msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
+#~ msgstr "tên thẻ quá dài: %.*s…"
+
+#~ msgid "tag header too big."
+#~ msgstr "phần đầu thẻ quá lớn."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+#~ "marked for discarding"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Nếu miếng vá được áp dụng sạch sẽ, hunk đã sửa sẽ ngay lập tức\n"
+#~ "được đánh dấu để loại b�"
+
+#~ msgid "Use an experimental blank-line-based heuristic to improve diffs"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Dùng một ph�ng đoán dựa trên dòng trắng thử nghiệm để tăng cư�ng các diff"
+
+#~ msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
+#~ msgstr "Gi�i…  “tu bổ� cái cuối với bảng mục lục bẩn."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "the following submodule (or one of its nested submodules)\n"
+#~ "uses a .git directory:"
+#~ msgid_plural ""
+#~ "the following submodules (or one of their nested submodules)\n"
+#~ "use a .git directory:"
+#~ msgstr[0] ""
+#~ "các mô-đun-con sau đây (hay một trong số mô-đun-con bên trong của nó)\n"
+#~ "dùng một thư mục .git:"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its "
+#~ "history)"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "(dùng /\"rm -rf/\" nếu bạn thực sự muốn gỡ b� nó cùng với tất cả lịch sử "
+#~ "của chúng)"
+
+#~ msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
+#~ msgstr "Lỗi bao b�c %s."
+
+#~ msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
+#~ msgstr "Các thay đổi nội bộ của bạn có thể bị ghi đè bởi lệnh cherry-pick."
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot revert during another revert."
+#~ msgstr "Không thể hoàn nguyên trong khi có hoàn nguyên khác."
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot cherry-pick during another cherry-pick."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Không thể thực hiện việc cherry-pick trong khi khi đang cherry-pick khác."
+
+#~ msgid "Could not parse line %d."
+#~ msgstr "Không phân tích được dòng %d."
+
+#~ msgid "Could not open %s"
+#~ msgstr "Không thể mở %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not read %s."
+#~ msgstr "Không thể đ�c %s."
+
+#~ msgid "Could not format %s."
+#~ msgstr "Không thể định dạng “%s�."
+
+#~ msgid "%s: %s"
+#~ msgstr "%s: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
+#~ msgstr "không thể mở %s: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
+#~ msgstr "Bạn cần đặt thông tin v� ngư�i chuyển giao mã nguồn trước đã"
+
+#~ msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr "sai giá trị bằng số của cấu hình “%s� cho “%s�: đơn vị sai"
+
+#~ msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in blob %s: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "sai giá trị bằng số của cấu hình “%s� cho “%s� trong blob %s: đơn vị sai"
+
+#~ msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in file %s: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "sai giá trị bằng số của cấu hình “%s� cho “%s� trong tập tin %s: đơn vị "
+#~ "sai"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in standard input: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "sai giá trị bằng số của cấu hình “%s� cho “%s� trong đầu vào tiêu chuẩn: "
+#~ "đơn vị không hợp lệ"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in submodule-blob %s: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "sai giá trị bằng số của cấu hình “%s� cho “%s� trong submodule-blob %s: "
+#~ "đơn vị không hợp lệ"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in command line %s: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "sai giá trị bằng số của cấu hình “%s� cho “%s� trong dòng lệnh %s: đơn vị "
+#~ "không hợp lệ"
+
+#~ msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: invalid unit"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "sai giá trị bằng số của cấu hình “%s� cho “%s� trong %s: đơn vị không hợp "
+#~ "lệ"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 2nd commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "�ây là chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 2:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 3rd commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "�ây là chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 3:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 4th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "�ây là chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 4:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 5th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "�ây là chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 5:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 6th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "�ây là chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 6:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 7th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "�ây là chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 7:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 8th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "�ây là chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 8:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 9th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "�ây là chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 9:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the 10th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "�ây là chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 10:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the ${n}th commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "�ây là chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ ${n}:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the ${n}st commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "�ây là chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ ${n}:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the ${n}nd commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "�ây là chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ ${n}:"
+
+#~ msgid "This is the ${n}rd commit message:"
+#~ msgstr "�ây là chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ ${n}:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 1st commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ nhất sẽ bị b� qua:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 2nd commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 2 sẽ bị b� qua:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 3rd commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 3 sẽ bị b� qua:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 4th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 4 sẽ bị b� qua:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 5th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 5 sẽ bị b� qua:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 6th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 6 sẽ bị b� qua:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 7th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 7 sẽ bị b� qua:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 8th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 8 sẽ bị b� qua:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 9th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 9 sẽ bị b� qua:"
+
+#~ msgid "The 10th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ 10 sẽ bị b� qua:"
+
+#~ msgid "The ${n}th commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ ${n} sẽ bị b� qua:"
+
+#~ msgid "The ${n}st commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ ${n} sẽ bị b� qua:"
+
+#~ msgid "The ${n}nd commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ ${n} sẽ bị b� qua:"
+
+#~ msgid "The ${n}rd commit message will be skipped:"
+#~ msgstr "Chú thích cho lần chuyển giao thứ ${n} sẽ bị b� qua:"
+
+#~ msgid "could not run gpg."
+#~ msgstr "không thể chạy gpg."
+
+#~ msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
+#~ msgstr "gpg đã không chấp nhận dữ liệu"
+
+#~ msgid "unsupported object type in the tree"
+#~ msgstr "kiểu đối tượng không được hỗ trợ trong cây (tree)"
+
+#~ msgid "Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."
+#~ msgstr "Việc hòa trộn h�ng nghiêm tr�ng, không nên để xảy ra."
+
+#~ msgid "Unprocessed path??? %s"
+#~ msgstr "�ư�ng dẫn chưa được xử lý??? %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
+#~ msgstr "Không thể %s trong khi %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
+#~ msgstr "Không thể cherry-pick vào một đầu (head) trống rỗng"
+
+#~ msgid "could not open %s for writing"
+#~ msgstr "không thể mở %s để ghi"
+
+#~ msgid "bug: unhandled unmerged status %x"
+#~ msgstr "lỗi: không thể tiếp nhận trạng thái chưa hòa trộn %x"
+
+#~ msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
+#~ msgstr "lỗi: không thể tiếp nhận trạng thái lệnh diff %c"
+
+#~ msgid "could not write branch description template"
+#~ msgstr "không thể ghi mẫu mô tả nhánh"
+
+#~ msgid "corrupt index file"
+#~ msgstr "tập tin ghi bảng mục lục bị h�ng"
+
+#~ msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
+#~ msgstr "r�i b� HEAD tại lần chuyển giao danh nghĩa"
+
+#~ msgid "Checking connectivity... "
+#~ msgstr "�ang kiểm tra kết nối… "
+
+#~ msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
+#~ msgstr "  (không thể cập nhật tham chiếu nội bộ)"
+
+#~ msgid "Reinitialized existing"
+#~ msgstr "Khởi tạo lại đã sẵn có rồi"
+
+#~ msgid "Initialized empty"
+#~ msgstr "Khởi tạo trống rỗng"
+
+#~ msgid " shared"
+#~ msgstr " đã chia sẻ"
+
+#~ msgid "Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Thẩm tra xem lần chuyển giao có tên đó có chữ ký GPG hợp lệ hay không"
+
+#~ msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
+#~ msgstr "�ang ghi SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#~ msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
+#~ msgstr "Hoàn thành SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#~ msgid "   and with remote"
+#~ msgstr "   và với máy chủ"
+
+#~ msgid "removing '%s' failed"
+#~ msgstr "gặp lỗi khi xóa b� “%s�"
+
+#~ msgid "program error"
+#~ msgstr "lỗi chương trình"
+
+#~ msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
+#~ msgstr "Hãy g�i lệnhl “bisect_state� với ít nhất một đối số."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again "
+#~ "from"
+#~ msgstr "Nếu bạn muốn dùng lại thư mục git nội bộ này thay vì nhân bản từ nó"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct "
+#~ "repo"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "dùng tùy ch�n “--force�. Nếu thư mục git nội bộ không phải là repo (kho) "
+#~ "đúng"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
+#~ "option."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "hay bạn không chắc chắn đi�u đó có nghĩa gì ch�n tên khác với tùy ch�n “--"
+#~ "name�."
+
+#~ msgid "Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains a .git directory"
+#~ msgstr "Cây làm việc mô-đun-con “$displaypath� có chứa thư mục .git"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its "
+#~ "history)"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "(dùng “rm -rf� nếu bạn thực sự muốn gỡ b� nó cùng với tất cả lịch sử của "
+#~ "chúng)"
+
+#~ msgid "'%s': %s"
+#~ msgstr "“%s�: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
+#~ msgstr "không thể truy cập “%s�: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "không thể mở %s: %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "Please, stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Vui lòng đưa các thay đổi của bạn vào “.gitmodules� hay tạm cất chúng đi "
+#~ "để xử lý"
+
+#~ msgid "failed to remove: %s"
+#~ msgstr "gặp lỗi khi gỡ b�: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
+#~ msgstr "Tùy ch�n --exec phải được sử dụng cùng với tùy ch�n --interactive"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Submodule path '$displaypath' not initialized\n"
+#~ "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "�ư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$displaypath� chưa được khởi tạo.\n"
+#~ "Có lẽ bạn muốn sử dụng lệnh “update --init�?"
+
+#~ msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Chuyển tiếp những lần chuyển giao nội bộ tới head thượng nguồn đã cập nhật"
+
+#~ msgid "improper format entered align:%s"
+#~ msgstr "định dạng không đúng chỗ căn chỉnh:%s"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not set core.worktree in %s"
+#~ msgstr "Không thể đặt “core.worktree� trong “%s�."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "push.default is unset; its implicit value has changed in\n"
+#~ "Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
+#~ "and maintain the traditional behavior, use:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "When push.default is set to 'matching', git will push local branches\n"
+#~ "to the remote branches that already exist with the same name.\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Since Git 2.0, Git defaults to the more conservative 'simple'\n"
+#~ "behavior, which only pushes the current branch to the corresponding\n"
+#~ "remote branch that 'git pull' uses to update the current branch.\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
+#~ "information.\n"
+#~ "(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
+#~ "'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "biến push.default chưa được đặt; giá trị ngầm định của nó\n"
+#~ "đã được thay đổi trong Git 2.0 từ “matching� thành “simple�.\n"
+#~ "�ể không hiển thị nhắc nhở này và duy trì cách xử lý cũ, hãy chạy lệnh:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "�ể không hiển thị nhắc nhở này và áp dụng cách ứng xử mới, hãy chạy "
+#~ "lệnh:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Khi push.default được đặt thành “matching�, git sẽ đẩy các nhánh nội bộ\n"
+#~ "lên các nhánh trên máy chủ, cái mà đã sẵn có và cùng tên.\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Trong 2.0, Git sẽ mặc định duy trì các ứng xử “simple�,\n"
+#~ "cái này chỉ đẩy những nhánh hiện hành lên các nhánh tương ứng\n"
+#~ "trên máy chủ cái mà lệnh “git pull� dùng để cập nhật nhánh hiện tại.\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "Xem “git help config� và tìm đến “push.default� để có thêm thông tin.\n"
+#~ "(chế độ “simple� được bắt đầu sử dụng từ Git 1.7.11. Sử dụng chế độ tương "
+#~ "tá»±\n"
+#~ "“current� thay vì “simple� nếu bạn thỉnh thoảng phải sử dụng bản Git cũ)"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not append '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Không thể nối thêm “%s�"
+
+#~ msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
+#~ msgstr "không tìm thấy ngư�i dùng hiện tại trong tập tin passwd: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "no such user"
+#~ msgstr "không có ngư�i dùng như vậy"
+
+#~ msgid "Missing author: %s"
+#~ msgstr "Thiếu tên tác giả: %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Testing "
+#~ msgstr "�ang thử"
+
+#~ msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
+#~ msgstr "nhánh “%s� không chỉ đến một lần chuyển giao nào cả"
+
+#~ msgid "object '%s' does not point to a commit"
+#~ msgstr "đối tượng “%s� không chỉ đến một lần chuyển giao nào cả"
+
+#~ msgid "some refs could not be read"
+#~ msgstr "một số tham chiếu đã không thể đ�c được"
+
+#~ msgid "print only merged branches"
+#~ msgstr "chỉ hiển thị các nhánh đã hòa trộn"
+
+#~ msgid "--dissociate given, but there is no --reference"
+#~ msgstr "đã đưa ra --dissociate, nhưng ở đây lại không có --reference"
+
+#~ msgid "show usage"
+#~ msgstr "hiển thị cách dùng"
+
+#~ msgid "insanely long template name %s"
+#~ msgstr "tên mẫu dài một cách điên rồ %s"
+
+#~ msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
+#~ msgstr "liên kết m�m dài một cách điên rồ %s"
+
+#~ msgid "insanely long template path %s"
+#~ msgstr "đư�ng dẫn mẫu “%s� dài một cách điên rồ"
+
+#~ msgid "insane git directory %s"
+#~ msgstr "thư mục git điên rồ %s"
+
+#~ msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "không hỗ trợ đặc tả sắp xếp “%s�"
+
+#~ msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s' in variable '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "không hỗ trợ đặc tả sắp xếp “%s� trong biến “%s�"
+
+#~ msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
+#~ msgstr "chuyển đến “points-at� yêu cần một đối tượng"
+
+#~ msgid "sort tags"
+#~ msgstr "sắp xếp các thẻ"
+
+#~ msgid "--sort and -n are incompatible"
+#~ msgstr "--sort và -n xung khắc nhau"
+
+#~ msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Gitdir “$a� là bộ phận của đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$b� hoặc \"vice versa\""
+
+#~ msgid "false|true|preserve"
+#~ msgstr "false|true|preserve"
+
+#~ msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that is still open"
+#~ msgstr "LỖI: mở lại tập tin khóa mà nó lại đang được mở"
+
+#~ msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that has been committed"
+#~ msgstr "LỖI: mở lại tập tin khóa mà nó đã được chuyển giao"
+
+#~ msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
+#~ msgstr "tùy ch�n %s không chấp nhận dạng thức âm"
+
+#~ msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
+#~ msgstr "không thể phân tích giá trị “%s� cho tùy ch�n %s"
+
+#~ msgid "-b and -B are mutually exclusive"
+#~ msgstr "-b và -B loại từ lẫn nhau."
+
+#~ msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
+#~ msgstr "�ịnh dạng miếng vá $patch_format không được hỗ trợ."
+
+#~ msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
+#~ msgstr "Xin hãy rõ ràng. --skip hay --abort?"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?\n"
+#~ "If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
+#~ "To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Miếng vá trống rỗng.  Nó đã bị chia cắt sai phải không?\n"
+#~ "Nếu bạn thích b� qua miếng vá này, hãy chạy lệnh sau để thay thế "
+#~ "\"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
+#~ "�ể phục hồi lại nhánh nguyên thủy và dừng vá lại hãy chạy lệnh \"$cmdline "
+#~ "--abort\"."
+
+#~ msgid "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
+#~ msgstr "Miếng vá không có địa chỉ thư điện tử hợp lệ."
+
+#~ msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
+#~ msgstr "�ang áp dụng (miếng vá): $FIRSTLINE"
+
+#~ msgid "Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+#~ msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi vá tại $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
+#~ "Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
+#~ "as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Pull là không thể được bởi vì bạn có những tập tin chưa được hòa trộn.\n"
+#~ "Xin hãy sửa chữa chúng trước, và sau đó sử dụng lệnh “git add/rm <tập-"
+#~ "tin>�\n"
+#~ "để phê chuẩn việc đánh dấu đây cần được giải quyết và tạo một lần chuyển "
+#~ "giao."
+
+#~ msgid "no branch specified"
+#~ msgstr "chưa chỉ ra tên của nhánh"
+
+#~ msgid "prune .git/worktrees"
+#~ msgstr "xén .git/worktrees"
+
+#~ msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
+#~ msgstr "Những lệnh git hay được dùng nhất là:"
+
+#~ msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Không có nhánh nào như thế: “%s�"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not create git link %s"
+#~ msgstr "Không thể tạo liên kết git “%s�"
+
+#~ msgid "Invalid gc.pruneexpire: '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "gc.pruneexpire không hợp lệ: “%s�"
+
+#~ msgid "(detached from %s)"
+#~ msgstr "(được tách r�i từ %s)"
+
+#~ msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "Không tìm thấy tác giả có sẵn với “%s�"
+
+#~ msgid "search also in ignored files"
+#~ msgstr "tìm cả trong các tập tin đã bị l� đi"
+
+#~ msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete |<branch>)"
+#~ msgstr "git remote set-head <tên> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <nhánh>)"
+
+#~ msgid "no files added"
+#~ msgstr "chưa có tập tin nào được thêm vào"
 
 #~ msgid "slot"
 #~ msgstr "khe"
@@ -11215,9 +19042,6 @@ msgstr "Url Mô-đun-con đồng bộ hóa cho “$displaypath�"
 #~ msgid "Failed to write ref"
 #~ msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi ghi tham chiếu"
 
-#~ msgid "invalid commit: %s"
-#~ msgstr "lần chuyển giao không hợp lệ: %s"
-
 #~ msgid "commit has empty message"
 #~ msgstr "lần chuyển giao có ghi chú trống rỗng"
 
@@ -11227,15 +19051,9 @@ msgstr "Url Mô-đun-con đồng bộ hóa cho “$displaypath�"
 #~ msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
 #~ msgstr "không thể cập nhật ref (tham chiếu) HEAD"
 
-#~ msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
-#~ msgstr "%s không hợp lệ: “%s�"
-
 #~ msgid "Failed to chdir: %s"
 #~ msgstr "Gặp lỗi với lệnh chdir: %s"
 
-#~ msgid "cannot tell cwd"
-#~ msgstr "không nói chuyện được với lệnh cwd"
-
 #~ msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
 #~ msgstr "%s: không thể khóa ref (tham chiếu)"
 
@@ -11254,9 +19072,6 @@ msgstr "Url Mô-đun-con đồng bộ hóa cho “$displaypath�"
 #~ msgid "bug"
 #~ msgstr "lá»—i"
 
-#~ msgid "ahead "
-#~ msgstr "phía trước "
-
 #~ msgid ", behind "
 #~ msgstr ", đằng sau "
 
@@ -11381,13 +19196,6 @@ msgstr "Url Mô-đun-con đồng bộ hóa cho “$displaypath�"
 #~ msgstr "các đư�ng dẫn được  ngăn cách bởi ký tự null"
 
 #~ msgid ""
-#~ "The following untracked files would NOT be saved but need to be removed "
-#~ "by stash save:"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Các tập tin chưa được theo dõi sau đây KHÔNG được ghi lại nhưng cần được "
-#~ "gỡ b� bởi việc ghi lại stash:"
-
-#~ msgid ""
 #~ "Aborting. Consider using either the --force or --include-untracked option."
 #~ msgstr ""
 #~ "Bãi b�. Cân nhắc dùng một trong hai tùy ch�n --force và --include-"
@@ -11402,18 +19210,6 @@ msgstr "Url Mô-đun-con đồng bộ hóa cho “$displaypath�"
 #~ msgid "more than %d trees given: '%s'"
 #~ msgstr "đã chỉ ra nhi�u hơn %d cây (tree): “%s�"
 
-#~ msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
-#~ msgstr "Bạn không thể kết hợp --no-ff với --ff-only."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "submodule '%s' (or one of its nested submodules) uses a .git directory\n"
-#~ "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its "
-#~ "history)"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "mô-đun-con “%s� (hoặc cái nằm trong các mô-đun-con) dùng thư mục .git\n"
-#~ "(dùng “rm -rf� nếu bạn thực sự muốn gỡ b� nó cùng với tất cả lịch sử của "
-#~ "chúng)"
-
 #~ msgid ""
 #~ "'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
 #~ "(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
@@ -11474,21 +19270,12 @@ msgstr "Url Mô-đun-con đồng bộ hóa cho “$displaypath�"
 #~ msgid "oops"
 #~ msgstr "ôi?"
 
-#~ msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
-#~ msgstr "Không thể gỡ b� %s\n"
-
 #~ msgid "Not removing %s\n"
 #~ msgstr "Không xóa %s\n"
 
-#~ msgid "Could not read index"
-#~ msgstr "Không thể đ�c bảng mục lục"
-
 #~ msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>])"
 #~ msgstr "git remote set-head <tên> (-a | -d | <nhánh>])"
 
-#~ msgid " 0 files changed"
-#~ msgstr " 0 có tập tin nào thay đổi cả"
-
 #~ msgid " %d file changed"
 #~ msgid_plural " %d files changed"
 #~ msgstr[0] " %d tập tin thay đổi"
@@ -11549,6 +19336,3 @@ msgstr "Url Mô-đun-con đồng bộ hóa cho “$displaypath�"
 #~ msgid "Could not extract email from committer identity."
 #~ msgstr ""
 #~ "Không thể rút trích địa chỉ thư điện tử từ định danh ngư�i chuyển giao"
-
-#~ msgid "could not parse commit %s\n"
-#~ msgstr "không thể phân tích commit (lần chuyển giao) %s\n"
diff --git a/po/zh_CN.po b/po/zh_CN.po
index 2b8d2cbb77..239a54a7e3 100644
--- a/po/zh_CN.po
+++ b/po/zh_CN.po
@@ -2,32 +2,183 @@
 # Git 软件包的简体中文翻译.
 # Copyright (C) 2012,2013 Jiang Xin <worldhello.net AT gmail.com>
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
-# Contributers:
+# Contributors:
+#   - Fangyi Zhou <fangyi.zhou AT yuriko.moe>
 #   - Jiang Xin <worldhello.net AT gmail.com>
+#   - Lian Cheng <rhythm.mail AT gmail.com>
+#   - Ray Chen <oldsharp AT gmail.com>
 #   - Riku <lu.riku AT gmail.com>
+#   - Thynson <lanxingcan AT gmail.com>
+#   - ws3389 <willsmith3389 AT gmail.com>
+#   - Wang Sheng <wangsheng2008love AT 163.com>
+#   - �云 <lilydjwg AT gmail.com>
+#   - Yichao Yu <yyc1992 AT gmail.com>
 #   - Zhuang Ya <zhuangya AT me.com>
-#   - Lian Cheng <rhythm.mail AT gmail.com>
+#
+#  Git glossary for Chinese translators
+#
+#   English                          |  Chinese
+#   ---------------------------------+--------------------------------------
+#   3-way merge                      |  三方�并
+#   abbreviate                       |  简写（的 SHA-1 值）
+#   alternate object database        |  备用对象库
+#   amend                            |  修补
+#   ancestor                         |  祖先，祖先�交
+#   annotated tag                    |  附注标签
+#   bare repository                  |  纯仓库
+#   bisect                           |  二分查找
+#   blob object                      |  数�对象
+#   branch                           |  分支
+#   bundle                           |  包
+#   bypass                           |  绕过
+#   cache                            |  索引（的别称）
+#   chain                            |  （�交）链
+#   changeset                        |  �更集
+#   checkout                         |  检出
+#   checksum                         |  校验，校验和
+#   cherry-picking                   |  拣选
+#   clean                            |  干净（的工作区）
+#   clone                            |  克隆
+#   commit                           |  �交
+#   commit message                   |  �交说明
+#   commit object                    |  �交对象
+#   commit-ish (also committish)     |  �交�
+#   conflict                         |  冲�
+#   core Git                         |  核心 Git 工具
+#   DAG                              |  有�无环图
+#   dangling object                  |  摇摆对象
+#   detached HEAD                    |  分离头指针
+#   directory                        |  目录
+#   dirty                            |  �（的工作区）
+#   dumb HTTP protocol               |  哑 HTTP �议
+#   evil merge                       |  ��并（�并引入了父�交没有的修改）
+#   fast-forward                     |  å¿«è¿›
+#   fetch                            |  获�
+#   file system                      |  文件系统
+#   fork                             |  派生
+#   Git archive                      |  仓库（对于 arch 用户）
+#   gitfile                          |  gitfile（仓库链接文件）
+#   grafts                           |  （�交）移�
+#   hash                             |  哈希值
+#   HEAD                             |  HEAD（头指针，亦�当�分支）
+#   head                             |  头�分支
+#   head ref                         |  分支
+#   header                           |  头信�
+#   hook                             |  é’©å­�
+#   hunk                             |  补�片段
+#   index                            |  索引
+#   index entry                      |  索引�目
+#   loose object                     |  �散对象
+#   loose refs                       |  �散引用
+#   master                           |  master（默认分支�）
+#   merge                            |  �并
+#   object                           |  对象
+#   object database                  |  对象库
+#   object identifier                |  对象标识符
+#   object name                      |  对象�称
+#   object type                      |  对象类型
+#   octopus                          |  章鱼��并（两分支以上的�并）
+#   origin                           |  origin（默认的远程�称）
+#   pack                             |  包
+#   pack index                       |  包索引
+#   packfile                         |  包文件
+#   parent                           |  父�交
+#   patch                            |  补�
+#   pathspec                         |  路径规格
+#   pattern                          |  模�
+#   pickaxe                          |  挖掘
+#   plumbing                         |  管件（Git 底层核心命令的别称）
+#   porcelain                        |  瓷件（Git 上层�装命令的别称）
+#   precious-objects repo            |  ��仓库
+#   prune                            |  清除
+#   pull                             |  拉，拉�
+#   push                             |  推，推�
+#   reachable                        |  �达
+#   rebase                           |  �基
+#   ref                              |  引用
+#   reflog                           |  引用日志
+#   refspec                          |  引用规格
+#   remote                           |  远程，远程仓库
+#   remote-tracking branch           |  远程跟踪分支
+#   replay                           |  �放
+#   repo                             |  仓库
+#   repository                       |  仓库
+#   resolve                          |  （冲�）解决
+#   revert                           |  还原
+#   revision                         |  版本
+#   rewind                           |  回退
+#   SCM                              |  �代�管�（工具）
+#   SHA-1                            |  SHA-1（安全哈希算法1）
+#   shallow repository               |  浅（克隆）仓库
+#   signed tag                       |  签�标签
+#   smart HTTP protocol              |  智能 HTTP �议
+#   squash                           |  压缩
+#   stage                            |  n. 暂存区（�索引）; v. 暂存
+#   stash                            |  n. 贮�区; v. 贮�
+#   submodule                        |  �模组
+#   symref                           |  符�引用
+#   tag                              |  n. 标签; v. 打标签
+#   tag object                       |  标签对象
+#   tagger                           |  打标签者
+#   topic branch                     |  主题分支
+#   track                            |  跟踪
+#   trailer                          |  尾部署�
+#   tree                             |  树（工作区或树对象）
+#   tree object                      |  树对象
+#   tree-ish (also treeish)          |  树对象（或�以解�为一树对象）
+#   unmerged index                   |  未�并索引
+#   unpack                           |  解包
+#   unreachable object               |  ��达对象
+#   unstage                          |  �消暂存
+#   upstream                         |  上游
+#   upstream branch                  |  上游分支
+#   working tree                     |  工作区
 #
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: Git\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-01-21 14:21+0800\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-01-21 14:58+0800\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-06-16 22:06+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-06-18 00:28+0800\n"
 "Last-Translator: Jiang Xin <worldhello.net@gmail.com>\n"
-"Language-Team: GitHub <https://github.com/gotgit/git/>\n"
+"Language-Team: GitHub <https://github.com/jiangxin/git/>\n"
 "Language: zh_CN\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
 
-#: advice.c:55
+#: advice.c:92
+#, c-format
+msgid "%shint: %.*s%s\n"
+msgstr "%s�示：%.*s%s\n"
+
+#: advice.c:137
+msgid "Cherry-picking is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "无法拣选，因为您有未�并的文件。"
+
+#: advice.c:139
+msgid "Committing is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "无法�交，因为您有未�并的文件。"
+
+#: advice.c:141
+msgid "Merging is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "无法�并，因为您有未�并的文件。"
+
+#: advice.c:143
+msgid "Pulling is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "无法拉�，因为您有未�并的文件。"
+
+#: advice.c:145
+msgid "Reverting is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "无法回退，因为您有未�并的文件。"
+
+#: advice.c:147
 #, c-format
-msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
-msgstr "�示：%.*s\n"
+msgid "It is not possible to %s because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "无法 %s，因为您有未�并的文件。"
 
-#: advice.c:88
+#: advice.c:155
 msgid ""
 "Fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
 "as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
@@ -35,98 +186,786 @@ msgstr ""
 "请在工作区改正文件，然�酌情使用 'git add/rm <文件>' 命令标记\n"
 "解决方案并�交。"
 
-#: archive.c:11
-msgid "git archive [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
-msgstr "git archive [选项] <树或�交> [<路径>...]"
+#: advice.c:163
+msgid "Exiting because of an unresolved conflict."
+msgstr "因为存在未解决的冲�而退出。"
+
+#: advice.c:168 builtin/merge.c:1250
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "您尚未结�您的�并（存在 MERGE_HEAD）。"
+
+#: advice.c:170
+msgid "Please, commit your changes before merging."
+msgstr "请在�并�先�交您的修改。"
+
+#: advice.c:171
+msgid "Exiting because of unfinished merge."
+msgstr "因为存在未完�的�并而退出。"
+
+#: advice.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Note: checking out '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental\n"
+"changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this\n"
+"state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may\n"
+"do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"注�：正在检出 '%s'。\n"
+"\n"
+"您正处于分离头指针状�。您�以查看��试验性的修改��交，并且您�以通过�"
+"外\n"
+"的检出分支�作丢弃在这个状�下所�的任何�交。\n"
+"\n"
+"如果您想�通过创建分支��留在此状�下所�的�交，您�以通过在检出命令添加\n"
+"�数 -b �实现（现在或��）。例如：\n"
+"\n"
+"  git checkout -b <新分支�>\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: apply.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr "未能识别的空白字符选项 '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr "未能识别的空白字符忽略选项 '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:122
+msgid "--reject and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--reject 和 --3way �能�时使用。"
+
+#: apply.c:124
+msgid "--cached and --3way cannot be used together."
+msgstr "--cached 和 --3way �能�时使用。"
+
+#: apply.c:127
+msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+msgstr "--3way 在一个仓库之外"
+
+#: apply.c:138
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr "--index 在一个仓库之外"
+
+#: apply.c:141
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr "--cached 在一个仓库之外"
+
+#: apply.c:821
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr "无法准备时间戳正则表达� %s"
+
+#: apply.c:830
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr "regexec 返回 %d，输入为：%s"
+
+#: apply.c:904
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr "�能在补�的第 %d 行找到文件�"
+
+#: apply.c:942
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply：错误的 git-diff - 应为 /dev/null，但在第 %2$d 行得到 %1$s"
+
+#: apply.c:948
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply：错误的 git-diff - 第 %d 行上新文件��一致"
+
+#: apply.c:949
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply：错误的 git-diff - 第 %d 行上旧文件��一致"
+
+#: apply.c:954
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply：错误的 git-diff - 第 %d 行处应为 /dev/null"
+
+#: apply.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid mode on line %d: %s"
+msgstr "第 %d 行包�无效文件模�：%s"
+
+#: apply.c:1301
+#, c-format
+msgid "inconsistent header lines %d and %d"
+msgstr "�一致的文件头，%d 行和 %d 行"
+
+#: apply.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr "recount：�外的行：%.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1542
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "第 %d 行的补�片段没有头信�：%.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:1562
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] "当移除 %d 个�导路径� git diff 头缺�文件�信�（第 %d 行）"
+msgstr[1] "当移除 %d 个�导路径� git diff 头缺�文件�信�（第 %d 行）"
+
+#: apply.c:1575
+#, c-format
+msgid "git diff header lacks filename information (line %d)"
+msgstr "git diff 的头信�中缺�文件�信�（第 %d 行）"
+
+#: apply.c:1763
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr "新文件�赖旧内容"
+
+#: apply.c:1765
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr "删除的文件�有内容"
+
+#: apply.c:1799
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr "补�在第 %d 行��"
+
+#: apply.c:1836
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr "新文件 %s �赖旧内容"
+
+#: apply.c:1838
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr "删除的文件 %s �有内容"
+
+#: apply.c:1841
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr "** 警告：文件 %s �为空文件但并未删除"
+
+#: apply.c:1988
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "二进制补�在第 %d 行��：%.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:2025
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr "未能识别的二进制补��于第 %d 行"
+
+#: apply.c:2185
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr "补�文件的第 %d 行�有垃圾数�"
+
+#: apply.c:2271
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr "无法读�符�链接 %s"
+
+#: apply.c:2275
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr "�能打开或读� %s"
+
+#: apply.c:2934
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr "无效的行首字符：'%c'"
+
+#: apply.c:3055
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] "� #%d �功应用于 %d（�移 %d 行）"
+msgstr[1] "� #%d �功应用于 %d（�移 %d 行）"
+
+#: apply.c:3067
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr "上下文�少到（%ld/%ld）以在第 %d 行应用补�片段"
+
+#: apply.c:3073
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+"当查询：\n"
+"%.*s"
+
+#: apply.c:3095
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr "缺失 '%s' 的二进制补�数�"
+
+#: apply.c:3103
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot reverse-apply a binary patch without the reverse hunk to '%s'"
+msgstr "�能��应用一个缺少到 '%s' 的��数��的二进制补�"
+
+#: apply.c:3149
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot apply binary patch to '%s' without full index line"
+msgstr "�能在 '%s' 上应用没有完整索引行的二进制补�"
+
+#: apply.c:3159
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the patch applies to '%s' (%s), which does not match the current contents."
+msgstr "补�应用到 '%s'（%s），但是和当�内容�匹�。"
+
+#: apply.c:3167
+#, c-format
+msgid "the patch applies to an empty '%s' but it is not empty"
+msgstr "补�应用到空文件 '%s'，但其并�空文件"
+
+#: apply.c:3185
+#, c-format
+msgid "the necessary postimage %s for '%s' cannot be read"
+msgstr "无法读� '%2$s' 必须的目标文件 %1$s"
+
+#: apply.c:3198
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr "二进制补�未应用到 '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3204
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr "到 '%s' 的二进制补�产生了�正确的结果（应为 %s，�为 %s）"
+
+#: apply.c:3225
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr "打补�失败：%s:%ld"
+
+#: apply.c:3347
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgstr "�能检出 %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3396 apply.c:3407 apply.c:3453 setup.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to read %s"
+msgstr "无法读� %s"
+
+#: apply.c:3404
+#, c-format
+msgid "reading from '%s' beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "读��于符�链接中的 '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3433 apply.c:3673
+#, c-format
+msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr "路径 %s 已�被�命�/删除"
+
+#: apply.c:3516 apply.c:3687
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr "%s：�存在于索引中"
+
+#: apply.c:3525 apply.c:3695
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr "%s：和索引�匹�"
+
+#: apply.c:3560
+msgid "repository lacks the necessary blob to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr "仓库缺�必�的数�对象以进行三方�并。"
+
+#: apply.c:3563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Falling back to three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "回�到三方�并...\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3579 apply.c:3583
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read the current contents of '%s'"
+msgstr "无法读� '%s' 的当�内容"
+
+#: apply.c:3595
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to fall back on three-way merge...\n"
+msgstr "无法回�到三方�并...\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3609
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' with conflicts.\n"
+msgstr "应用补�到 '%s' 存在冲�。\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3614
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch to '%s' cleanly.\n"
+msgstr "�功应用补�到 '%s'。\n"
+
+#: apply.c:3640
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr "移除补��留下了文件内容"
+
+#: apply.c:3712
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr "%s：错误类型"
+
+#: apply.c:3714
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr "%s 的类型是 %o，应为 %o"
+
+#: apply.c:3864 apply.c:3866
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid path '%s'"
+msgstr "无效路径 '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:3922
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr "%s：已�存在于索引中"
+
+#: apply.c:3925
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr "%s：已�存在于工作区中"
+
+#: apply.c:3945
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr "%2$s 的新模�（%1$o）和旧模�（%3$o）�匹�"
+
+#: apply.c:3950
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr "%2$s 的新模�（%1$o）和 %4$s 的旧模�（%3$o）�匹�"
+
+#: apply.c:3970
+#, c-format
+msgid "affected file '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "�影�的文件 '%s' �于符�链接中"
+
+#: apply.c:3974
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr "%s：补�未应用"
 
-#: archive.c:12
+#: apply.c:3989
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr "检查补� %s..."
+
+#: apply.c:4080
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless for submodule %s"
+msgstr "�模组 %s 的 sha1 信�缺失或无效"
+
+#: apply.c:4087
+#, c-format
+msgid "mode change for %s, which is not in current HEAD"
+msgstr "%s 的模��更，但它�在当� HEAD 中"
+
+#: apply.c:4090
+#, c-format
+msgid "sha1 information is lacking or useless (%s)."
+msgstr "sha1 信�缺失或无效（%s）。"
+
+#: apply.c:4095 builtin/checkout.c:235 builtin/reset.c:140
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "对路径 '%s' 的 make_cache_entry �作失败"
+
+#: apply.c:4099
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not add %s to temporary index"
+msgstr "�能在临时索引中添加 %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write temporary index to %s"
+msgstr "�能把临时索引写入到 %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4247
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr "�能从索引中移除 %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4282
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
+msgstr "�模组 %s ��的补�"
+
+#: apply.c:4288
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr "�能对新建文件 '%s' 调用 stat"
+
+#: apply.c:4296
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr "�能为新建文件 %s 创建�端存储"
+
+#: apply.c:4302 apply.c:4446
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr "无法为 %s 添加缓存�目"
+
+#: apply.c:4343
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to write to '%s'"
+msgstr "无法写入 '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:4347
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr "关闭文件 '%s'"
+
+#: apply.c:4417
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr "�能写文件 '%s' �� %o"
+
+#: apply.c:4515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr "�功应用补� %s。"
+
+#: apply.c:4523
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr "内部错误"
+
+#: apply.c:4526
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] "应用 %%s 个补�，其中 %d 个被拒�..."
+msgstr[1] "应用 %%s 个补�，其中 %d 个被拒�..."
+
+#: apply.c:4537
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr "截短 .rej 文件�为 %.*s.rej"
+
+#: apply.c:4545 builtin/fetch.c:786 builtin/fetch.c:1036
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s"
+msgstr "�能打开 %s"
+
+#: apply.c:4559
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr "第 #%d 个片段�功应用。"
+
+#: apply.c:4563
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr "拒�第 #%d 个片段。"
+
+#: apply.c:4673
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped patch '%s'."
+msgstr "略过补� '%s'。"
+
+#: apply.c:4681
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr "未能识别的输入"
+
+#: apply.c:4700
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr "无法读�索引文件"
+
+#: apply.c:4837
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s': %s"
+msgstr "�能打开补� '%s'：%s"
+
+#: apply.c:4864
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] "抑制下�有 %d 个空白字符误用"
+msgstr[1] "抑制下�有 %d 个空白字符误用"
+
+#: apply.c:4870 apply.c:4885
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d 行新增了空白字符误用。"
+msgstr[1] "%d 行新增了空白字符误用。"
+
+#: apply.c:4878
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines applied after fixing whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "修�空白错误�，应用了 %d 行。"
+msgstr[1] "修�空白错误�，应用了 %d 行。"
+
+#: apply.c:4894 builtin/add.c:538 builtin/mv.c:300 builtin/rm.c:389
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "无法写入新索引文件"
+
+#: apply.c:4921 apply.c:4924 builtin/am.c:2254 builtin/am.c:2257
+#: builtin/clone.c:120 builtin/fetch.c:126 builtin/pull.c:198
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:405 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1210
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1213 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1584
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1587 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1807
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "path"
+msgstr "路径"
+
+#: apply.c:4922
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "��应用与给出路径�匹�的�更"
+
+#: apply.c:4925
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "应用与给出路径�匹�的�更"
+
+#: apply.c:4927 builtin/am.c:2263
+msgid "num"
+msgstr "æ•°å­—"
+
+#: apply.c:4928
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr "从传统的 diff 路径中移除指定数�的�导斜线"
+
+#: apply.c:4931
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr "忽略补�中的添加的文件"
+
+#: apply.c:4933
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr "�应用补�，而是显示输入的差异统计（diffstat）"
+
+#: apply.c:4937
+msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr "以�进制数显示添加和删除的行数"
+
+#: apply.c:4939
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr "�应用补�，而是显示输入的概�"
+
+#: apply.c:4941
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr "�应用补�，而是查看补�是��应用"
+
+#: apply.c:4943
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr "确认补��以应用到当�索引"
+
+#: apply.c:4945
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr "应用补�而�修改工作区"
+
+#: apply.c:4947
+msgid "accept a patch that touches outside the working area"
+msgstr "接�修改工作区之外文件的补�"
+
+#: apply.c:4950
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr "还应用此补�（与 --stat/--summary/--check 选项�时使用）"
+
+#: apply.c:4952
+msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+msgstr "如果一个补��能应用则�试三方�并"
+
+#: apply.c:4954
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr "创建一个临时索引基于嵌入的索引信�"
+
+#: apply.c:4957 builtin/checkout-index.c:168 builtin/ls-files.c:515
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr "路径以 NUL 字符分隔"
+
+#: apply.c:4959
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr "确�至少匹� <n> 行上下文"
+
+#: apply.c:4960 builtin/am.c:2242 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:95
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:97 builtin/interpret-trailers.c:99
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3177
+msgid "action"
+msgstr "动作"
+
+#: apply.c:4961
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr "检查新增和修改的行中间的空白字符滥用"
+
+#: apply.c:4964 apply.c:4967
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr "查找上下文时忽略空白字符的�更"
+
+#: apply.c:4970
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr "��应用补�"
+
+#: apply.c:4972
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr "无需至少一行上下文"
+
+#: apply.c:4974
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr "将拒�的补�片段�存在对应的 *.rej 文件中"
+
+#: apply.c:4976
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr "�许��的补�片段"
+
+#: apply.c:4977 builtin/add.c:290 builtin/check-ignore.c:21
+#: builtin/commit.c:1301 builtin/count-objects.c:98 builtin/fsck.c:666
+#: builtin/log.c:1901 builtin/mv.c:122 builtin/read-tree.c:124
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr "冗长输出"
+
+#: apply.c:4979
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr "�许�正确的文件末尾�行符"
+
+#: apply.c:4982
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr "�信任补�片段的头信�中的行�"
+
+#: apply.c:4984 builtin/am.c:2251
+msgid "root"
+msgstr "根目录"
+
+#: apply.c:4985
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr "为所有文件��添加 <根目录>"
+
+#: archive.c:13
+msgid "git archive [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git archive [<选项>] <树或�交> [<路径>...]"
+
+#: archive.c:14
 msgid "git archive --list"
 msgstr "git archive --list"
 
-#: archive.c:13
+#: archive.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git archive --remote <版本库> [--exec <命令>] [选项] <树或�交> [<路径>...]"
+"git archive --remote <仓库> [--exec <命令>] [<选项>] <树或�交> [<路径>...]"
 
-#: archive.c:14
+#: archive.c:16
 msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
-msgstr "git archive --remote <版本库> [--exec <命令>] --list"
+msgstr "git archive --remote <仓库> [--exec <命令>] --list"
 
-#: archive.c:342 builtin/add.c:137 builtin/add.c:427 builtin/rm.c:328
+#: archive.c:351 builtin/add.c:176 builtin/add.c:514 builtin/rm.c:298
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
-msgstr "路径规则 '%s' 未匹�任何文件"
+msgstr "路径规格 '%s' 未匹�任何文件"
 
-#: archive.c:427
+#: archive.c:434
 msgid "fmt"
 msgstr "格�"
 
-#: archive.c:427
+#: archive.c:434
 msgid "archive format"
 msgstr "归档格�"
 
-#: archive.c:428 builtin/log.c:1204
+#: archive.c:435 builtin/log.c:1462
 msgid "prefix"
 msgstr "�缀"
 
-#: archive.c:429
+#: archive.c:436
 msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
 msgstr "为归档中�个路径�加上�缀"
 
-#: archive.c:430 builtin/archive.c:88 builtin/blame.c:2517
-#: builtin/blame.c:2518 builtin/config.c:57 builtin/fast-export.c:986
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:988 builtin/grep.c:712 builtin/hash-object.c:101
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:489 builtin/ls-files.c:492 builtin/notes.c:394
-#: builtin/notes.c:557 builtin/read-tree.c:109 parse-options.h:151
+#: archive.c:437 builtin/blame.c:813 builtin/blame.c:814 builtin/config.c:127
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1007 builtin/fast-export.c:1009 builtin/grep.c:869
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103 builtin/ls-files.c:551 builtin/ls-files.c:554
+#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:568 builtin/read-tree.c:119
+#: parse-options.h:165
 msgid "file"
 msgstr "文件"
 
-#: archive.c:431 builtin/archive.c:89
+#: archive.c:438 builtin/archive.c:89
 msgid "write the archive to this file"
 msgstr "归档写入此文件"
 
-#: archive.c:433
+#: archive.c:440
 msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
 msgstr "读�工作区中的 .gitattributes"
 
-#: archive.c:434
+#: archive.c:441
 msgid "report archived files on stderr"
 msgstr "在标准错误上报告归档文件"
 
-#: archive.c:435
+#: archive.c:442
 msgid "store only"
 msgstr "�存储"
 
-#: archive.c:436
+#: archive.c:443
 msgid "compress faster"
 msgstr "压缩速度更快"
 
-#: archive.c:444
+#: archive.c:451
 msgid "compress better"
 msgstr "压缩效果更好"
 
-#: archive.c:447
+#: archive.c:454
 msgid "list supported archive formats"
 msgstr "列出支�的归档格�"
 
-#: archive.c:449 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:86
+#: archive.c:456 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:110 builtin/clone.c:113
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1222 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1593
 msgid "repo"
-msgstr "版本库"
+msgstr "仓库"
 
-#: archive.c:450 builtin/archive.c:91
+#: archive.c:457 builtin/archive.c:91
 msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
-msgstr "从远程版本库（<版本库>）��归档文件"
+msgstr "从远程仓库（<仓库>）��归档文件"
 
-#: archive.c:451 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:478
+#: archive.c:458 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:489
 msgid "command"
 msgstr "命令"
 
-#: archive.c:452 builtin/archive.c:93
+#: archive.c:459 builtin/archive.c:93
 msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
 msgstr "远程 git-upload-archive 命令的路径"
 
-#: attr.c:258
+#: archive.c:466
+msgid "Unexpected option --remote"
+msgstr "未知�数 --remote"
+
+#: archive.c:468
+msgid "Option --exec can only be used together with --remote"
+msgstr "选项 --exec �能和 --remote �时使用"
+
+#: archive.c:470
+msgid "Unexpected option --output"
+msgstr "未知�数 --output"
+
+#: archive.c:492
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown archive format '%s'"
+msgstr "未知归档格� '%s'"
+
+#: archive.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid "Argument not supported for format '%s': -%d"
+msgstr "�数�支�此格� '%s'：-%d"
+
+#: attr.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "%.*s is not a valid attribute name"
+msgstr "%.*s �是一个有效的属性�"
+
+#: attr.c:415
 msgid ""
 "Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
 "Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
@@ -134,81 +973,250 @@ msgstr ""
 "负值模版在 git attributes 中被忽略\n"
 "当字符串确实�以感��开始时，使用 '\\!'。"
 
-#: branch.c:60
+#: bisect.c:461
 #, c-format
-msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
-msgstr "未设置分支 %s 作为它自己的上游。"
+msgid "Badly quoted content in file '%s': %s"
+msgstr "文件 '%s' 包�错误的引用格�：%s"
+
+#: bisect.c:669
+#, c-format
+msgid "We cannot bisect more!\n"
+msgstr "我们无法进行更多的二分查找�\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid commit name %s"
+msgstr "�是一个有效的�交� %s"
+
+#: bisect.c:747
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is bad.\n"
+"This means the bug has been fixed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�并基线 %s 是�的。\n"
+"这�味�介于 %s 和 [%s] 之间的 bug 已�被修�。\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:752
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is new.\n"
+"The property has changed between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�并基线 %s 是新的。\n"
+"介于 %s 和 [%s] 之间的属性已�被修改。\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:757
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The merge base %s is %s.\n"
+"This means the first '%s' commit is between %s and [%s].\n"
+msgstr ""
+"�并基线 %s 是 %s。\n"
+"这�味�第一个 '%s' �交�于 %s 和 [%s] 之间。\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Some %s revs are not ancestors of the %s rev.\n"
+"git bisect cannot work properly in this case.\n"
+"Maybe you mistook %s and %s revs?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"一些 %s 版本�是 %s 版本的祖先。\n"
+"这�情况下 git 二分查找无法正常工作。\n"
+"您�能弄错了 %s 和 %s 版本？\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:778
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"the merge base between %s and [%s] must be skipped.\n"
+"So we cannot be sure the first %s commit is between %s and %s.\n"
+"We continue anyway."
+msgstr ""
+"介于 %s 和 [%s] 的�并基线一定被忽略了。\n"
+"所以我们无法确认第一个 %s �交是�介于 %s 和 %s 之间。\n"
+"我们�旧继续。"
+
+#: bisect.c:811
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: a merge base must be tested\n"
+msgstr "二分查找中：�并基线必须是�过测试的\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:851
+#, c-format
+msgid "a %s revision is needed"
+msgstr "需�一个 %s 版本"
+
+#: bisect.c:870 builtin/notes.c:175 builtin/tag.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr "�能创建文件 '%s'"
+
+#: bisect.c:921
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read file '%s'"
+msgstr "�能读�文件 '%s'"
+
+#: bisect.c:951
+msgid "reading bisect refs failed"
+msgstr "读�二分查找引用失败"
+
+#: bisect.c:970
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s was both %s and %s\n"
+msgstr "%s �时为 %s 和 %s\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:978
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No testable commit found.\n"
+"Maybe you started with bad path parameters?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"没有�现�测试的�交。\n"
+"�能您在�行时使用了错误的路径�数？\n"
+
+#: bisect.c:997
+#, c-format
+msgid "(roughly %d step)"
+msgid_plural "(roughly %d steps)"
+msgstr[0] "（大概 %d 步）"
+msgstr[1] "（大概 %d 步）"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the last %s will be replaced with "(roughly %d
+#. steps)" translation.
+#.
+#: bisect.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bisecting: %d revision left to test after this %s\n"
+msgid_plural "Bisecting: %d revisions left to test after this %s\n"
+msgstr[0] "二分查找中：在此之�，还剩 %d 个版本待测试 %s\n"
+msgstr[1] "二分查找中：在此之�，还剩 %d 个版本待测试 %s\n"
+
+#: blame.c:1756
+msgid "--contents and --reverse do not blend well."
+msgstr "--contents 和 --reverse �能混用。"
+
+#: blame.c:1767
+msgid "cannot use --contents with final commit object name"
+msgstr "�能将 --contents 和最终的�交对象�共用"
+
+#: blame.c:1787
+msgid "--reverse and --first-parent together require specified latest commit"
+msgstr "--reverse 和 --first-parent 共用，需�指定最新的�交"
+
+#: blame.c:1796 bundle.c:160 ref-filter.c:2075 sequencer.c:1861
+#: sequencer.c:3632 builtin/commit.c:981 builtin/log.c:366 builtin/log.c:920
+#: builtin/log.c:1371 builtin/log.c:1702 builtin/log.c:1950 builtin/merge.c:372
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:192
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr "版本�历设置失败"
+
+#: blame.c:1814
+msgid ""
+"--reverse --first-parent together require range along first-parent chain"
+msgstr "--reverse 和 --first-parent 共用，需�第一祖先链上的�交范围"
 
-#: branch.c:83
+#: blame.c:1825
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing."
-msgstr "分支 %1$s 设置为使用�基�跟踪�自 %3$s 的远程分支 %2$s。"
+msgid "no such path %s in %s"
+msgstr "在 %2$s 中无此路径 %1$s"
 
-#: branch.c:84
+#: blame.c:1836
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s."
-msgstr "分支 %1$s 设置为跟踪�自 %3$s 的远程分支 %2$s。"
+msgid "cannot read blob %s for path %s"
+msgstr "�能为路径 %2$s 读�数�对象 %1$s"
 
-#: branch.c:88
+#: branch.c:54
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing."
-msgstr "分支 %s 设置为使用�基�跟踪本地分支 %s。"
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"After fixing the error cause you may try to fix up\n"
+"the remote tracking information by invoking\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\"."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"在修�错误�，您�以�试修改远程跟踪分支，通过执行命令\n"
+"\"git branch --set-upstream-to=%s%s%s\" 。"
 
-#: branch.c:89
+#: branch.c:68
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s."
-msgstr "分支 %s 设置为跟踪本地分支 %s。"
+msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
+msgstr "未设置分支 %s 作为它自己的上游。"
 
 #: branch.c:94
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing."
-msgstr "分支 %s 设置为使用�基�跟踪远程引用 %s。"
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr "分支 '%1$s' 设置为使用�基�跟踪�自 '%3$s' 的远程分支 '%2$s'。"
 
 #: branch.c:95
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s."
-msgstr "分支 %s 设置为跟踪远程引用 %s。"
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote branch '%s' from '%s'."
+msgstr "分支 '%1$s' 设置为跟踪�自 '%3$s' 的远程分支 '%2$s'。"
 
 #: branch.c:99
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing."
-msgstr "分支 %s 设置为使用�基�跟踪本地引用 %s。"
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr "分支 '%s' 设置为使用�基�跟踪本地分支 '%s'。"
 
 #: branch.c:100
 #, c-format
-msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s."
-msgstr "分支 %s 设置为跟踪本地引用 %s。"
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local branch '%s'."
+msgstr "分支 '%s' 设置为跟踪本地分支 '%s'。"
+
+#: branch.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr "分支 '%s' 设置为使用�基�跟踪远程引用 '%s'。"
+
+#: branch.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track remote ref '%s'."
+msgstr "分支 '%s' 设置为跟踪远程引用 '%s'。"
+
+#: branch.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s' by rebasing."
+msgstr "分支 '%s' 设置为使用�基�跟踪本地引用 '%s'。"
 
-#: branch.c:133
+#: branch.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' set up to track local ref '%s'."
+msgstr "分支 '%s' 设置为跟踪本地引用 '%s'。"
+
+#: branch.c:120
+msgid "Unable to write upstream branch configuration"
+msgstr "无法写入上游分支�置"
+
+#: branch.c:157
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"
 msgstr "未跟踪：引用 %s 有歧义"
 
-#: branch.c:162
+#: branch.c:190
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid branch name."
 msgstr "'%s' �是一个有效的分支�称。"
 
-#: branch.c:167
+#: branch.c:209
 #, c-format
 msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "一个分支� '%s' 已�存在。"
 
-#: branch.c:175
+#: branch.c:214
 msgid "Cannot force update the current branch."
 msgstr "无法强制更新当�分支。"
 
-#: branch.c:195
+#: branch.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch."
 msgstr "无法设置跟踪信�；起始点 '%s' �是一个分支。"
 
-#: branch.c:197
+#: branch.c:236
 #, c-format
 msgid "the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "请求的上游分支 '%s' �存在"
 
-#: branch.c:199
+#: branch.c:238
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
@@ -226,66 +1234,69 @@ msgstr ""
 "如果您正计划推�一个能与对应远程分支建立跟踪的新的本地分支，\n"
 "您�能需�使用 \"git push -u\" 推�分支并�置和上游的关�。"
 
-#: branch.c:243
+#: branch.c:281
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'."
 msgstr "�是一个有效的对象�：'%s'。"
 
-#: branch.c:263
+#: branch.c:301
 #, c-format
 msgid "Ambiguous object name: '%s'."
 msgstr "歧义的对象�：'%s'。"
 
-#: branch.c:268
+#: branch.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid branch point: '%s'."
 msgstr "无效的分支点：'%s'。"
 
+#: branch.c:360
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 已�检出到 '%s'"
+
+#: branch.c:383
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD of working tree %s is not updated"
+msgstr "工作区 %s 的 HEAD 指�没有被更新"
+
 #: bundle.c:34
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
 msgstr "'%s' ��是一个 v2 版本的包文件"
 
-#: bundle.c:61
+#: bundle.c:62
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
 msgstr "未能识别的包头：%s%s (%d)"
 
-#: bundle.c:87 builtin/commit.c:770
+#: bundle.c:88 sequencer.c:2081 sequencer.c:2558 builtin/commit.c:755
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s'"
 msgstr "�能打开 '%s'"
 
 #: bundle.c:139
 msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
-msgstr "版本库缺少这些必备的�交："
-
-#: bundle.c:163 sequencer.c:645 sequencer.c:1100 builtin/blame.c:2706
-#: builtin/branch.c:652 builtin/commit.c:1049 builtin/log.c:330
-#: builtin/log.c:823 builtin/log.c:1432 builtin/log.c:1669 builtin/merge.c:358
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:158
-msgid "revision walk setup failed"
-msgstr "版本�历设置失败"
+msgstr "仓库中缺少这些必备的�交："
 
-#: bundle.c:185
+#: bundle.c:190
 #, c-format
 msgid "The bundle contains this ref:"
 msgid_plural "The bundle contains these %d refs:"
 msgstr[0] "这个包中�有这个引用："
 msgstr[1] "这个包中�有 %d 个引用："
 
-#: bundle.c:192
+#: bundle.c:197
 msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
 msgstr "这个包记录一个完整历�。"
 
-#: bundle.c:194
+#: bundle.c:199
 #, c-format
 msgid "The bundle requires this ref:"
 msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs:"
 msgstr[0] "这个包需�这个引用："
 msgstr[1] "这个包需� %d 个引用："
 
-#: bundle.c:251
+#: bundle.c:258
 msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
 msgstr "�能生� pack-objects 进程"
 
@@ -293,214 +1304,459 @@ msgstr "�能生� pack-objects 进程"
 msgid "pack-objects died"
 msgstr "pack-objects 终止"
 
-#: bundle.c:309
+#: bundle.c:311
 msgid "rev-list died"
 msgstr "rev-list 终止"
 
-#: bundle.c:358
+#: bundle.c:360
 #, c-format
 msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
 msgstr "引用 '%s' 被 rev-list 选项排除"
 
-#: bundle.c:438 builtin/log.c:153 builtin/log.c:1342 builtin/shortlog.c:261
+#: bundle.c:450 builtin/log.c:183 builtin/log.c:1607 builtin/shortlog.c:303
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
 msgstr "未能识别的�数：%s"
 
-#: bundle.c:444
+#: bundle.c:458
 msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
 msgstr "�能创建空包。"
 
-#: bundle.c:454
+#: bundle.c:470
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot create '%s'"
 msgstr "�能创建 '%s'"
 
-#: bundle.c:475
+#: bundle.c:498
 msgid "index-pack died"
 msgstr "index-pack 终止"
 
-#: color.c:260
+#: color.c:296
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid color value: %.*s"
 msgstr "无效的颜色值：%.*s"
 
-#: commit.c:40
+#: commit.c:43 sequencer.c:2364 builtin/am.c:421 builtin/am.c:465
+#: builtin/am.c:1436 builtin/am.c:2072 builtin/replace.c:376
+#: builtin/replace.c:448
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not parse %s"
 msgstr "�能解� %s"
 
-#: commit.c:42
+#: commit.c:45
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
-msgstr "%s %s �是一个�交!"
+msgstr "%s %s �是一个�交�"
+
+#: commit.c:182
+msgid ""
+"Support for <GIT_DIR>/info/grafts is deprecated\n"
+"and will be removed in a future Git version.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please use \"git replace --convert-graft-file\"\n"
+"to convert the grafts into replace refs.\n"
+"\n"
+"Turn this message off by running\n"
+"\"git config advice.graftFileDeprecated false\""
+msgstr ""
+"对 <GIT_DIR>/info/grafts 的支�已被弃用，并将在\n"
+"未�的Git版本中被移除。\n"
+"\n"
+"请使用 \"git replace --convert-graft-file\" 将\n"
+"grafts 转�为替�引用。\n"
+"\n"
+"设置 \"git config advice.graftFileDeprecated false\"\n"
+"�关闭本消�"
+
+#: commit.c:1540
+msgid ""
+"Warning: commit message did not conform to UTF-8.\n"
+"You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
+"variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"警告：�交说明�符� UTF-8 字符编�。\n"
+"您�以通过修补�交�改正�交说明，或者将�置�� i18n.commitencoding\n"
+"设置为您项目所用的字符编�。\n"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:669
+#, c-format
+msgid "the commit graph format cannot write %d commits"
+msgstr "�交图形格��能写入 %d 个�交"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:696
+msgid "too many commits to write graph"
+msgstr "�交太多�能画图"
+
+#: commit-graph.c:707 builtin/init-db.c:516 builtin/init-db.c:521
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr "�能创建目录 %s"
 
-#: compat/obstack.c:406 compat/obstack.c:408
+#: compat/obstack.c:405 compat/obstack.c:407
 msgid "memory exhausted"
 msgstr "内存耗尽"
 
-#: config.c:469 config.c:471
+#: config.c:187
+msgid "relative config include conditionals must come from files"
+msgstr "包�相对路径的�件引用必须�自于文件"
+
+#: config.c:788
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad config file line %d in %s"
-msgstr "�置文件 %2$s 出错于第 %1$d 行"
+msgid "bad config line %d in blob %s"
+msgstr "数�对象 %2$s 中错误的�置行 %1$d"
 
-#: config.c:587
+#: config.c:792
 #, c-format
-msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
-msgstr "文件 %3$s 中�置�� '%2$s' 的数字�值 '%1$s' 设置错误: %4$s"
+msgid "bad config line %d in file %s"
+msgstr "文件 %2$s 中错误的�置行 %1$d"
+
+#: config.c:796
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in standard input"
+msgstr "标准输入中错误的�置行 %d"
+
+#: config.c:800
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in submodule-blob %s"
+msgstr "�模组数�对象 %2$s 中错误的�置行 %1$d"
+
+#: config.c:804
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in command line %s"
+msgstr "命令行 %2$s 中错误的�置行 %1$d"
+
+#: config.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad config line %d in %s"
+msgstr "在 %2$s 中错误的�置行 %1$d"
+
+#: config.c:936
+msgid "out of range"
+msgstr "超出范围"
 
-#: config.c:589
+#: config.c:936
+msgid "invalid unit"
+msgstr "无效的��"
+
+#: config.c:942
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s': %s"
-msgstr "�置�� '%2$s' 的数字�值 '%1$s' 设置错误: %3$s"
+msgstr "�置�� '%2$s' 的数字�值 '%1$s' 设置错误：%3$s"
+
+#: config.c:947
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in blob %s: %s"
+msgstr "数�对象 %3$s 中�置�� '%2$s' 错误的�值 '%1$s'：%4$s"
+
+#: config.c:950
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in file %s: %s"
+msgstr "文件 %3$s 中�置�� '%2$s' 错误的�值 '%1$s'：%4$s"
+
+#: config.c:953
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in standard input: %s"
+msgstr "标准输入中�置�� '%2$s' 错误的�值 '%1$s'：%3$s"
+
+#: config.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in submodule-blob %s: %s"
+msgstr "�模组数� %3$s 中�置�� '%2$s' 错误的�值 '%1$s'：%4$s"
+
+#: config.c:959
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in command line %s: %s"
+msgstr "命令行 %3$s 中�置�� '%2$s' 错误的�值 '%1$s'：%4$s"
+
+#: config.c:962
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad numeric config value '%s' for '%s' in %s: %s"
+msgstr "在 %3$s 中�置�� '%2$s' 错误的�值 '%1$s'：%4$s"
 
-#: config.c:674
+#: config.c:1057
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to expand user dir in: '%s'"
 msgstr "无法扩展 '%s' 中的用户目录"
 
-#: config.c:752 config.c:763
+#: config.c:1066
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
+msgstr "'%2$s' 的值 '%1$s' �是一个有效的时间戳"
+
+#: config.c:1171 config.c:1182
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad zlib compression level %d"
 msgstr "错误的 zlib 压缩级别 %d"
 
-#: config.c:885
+#: config.c:1307
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid mode for object creation: %s"
 msgstr "无效的对象创建模�：%s"
 
-#: config.c:1211
+#: config.c:1473
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack compression level %d"
+msgstr "错误的打包压缩级别 %d"
+
+#: config.c:1681
 msgid "unable to parse command-line config"
 msgstr "无法解�命令行中的�置"
 
-#: config.c:1272
-msgid "unknown error occured while reading the configuration files"
+#: config.c:2013
+msgid "unknown error occurred while reading the configuration files"
 msgstr "在读��置文件时�到未知错误"
 
-#: config.c:1596
+#: config.c:2200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "无效 %s：'%s'"
+
+#: config.c:2243
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown core.untrackedCache value '%s'; using 'keep' default value"
+msgstr "未知的 core.untrackedCache �值 '%s'，使用默认值 'keep'"
+
+#: config.c:2269
+#, c-format
+msgid "splitIndex.maxPercentChange value '%d' should be between 0 and 100"
+msgstr "splitIndex.maxPercentChange 的�值 '%d' 应该介于 0 和 100 之间"
+
+#: config.c:2294
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse '%s' from command-line config"
 msgstr "无法解�命令行�置中的 '%s'"
 
-#: config.c:1598
+#: config.c:2296
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad config variable '%s' in file '%s' at line %d"
 msgstr "在文件 '%2$s' 的第 %3$d 行�现错误的�置�� '%1$s'"
 
-#: config.c:1657
+#: config.c:2402
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s has multiple values"
 msgstr "%s 有多个�值"
 
-#: connected.c:69
+#: config.c:2766 config.c:3019
+#, c-format
+msgid "fstat on %s failed"
+msgstr "对 %s 调用 fstat 失败"
+
+#: config.c:2905
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not set '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "�能设置 '%s' 为 '%s'"
+
+#: config.c:2907 builtin/remote.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not unset '%s'"
+msgstr "�能�消设置 '%s'"
+
+#: connect.c:61
+msgid "The remote end hung up upon initial contact"
+msgstr "远端在连接�起时�挂断"
+
+#: connect.c:63
+msgid ""
+"Could not read from remote repository.\n"
+"\n"
+"Please make sure you have the correct access rights\n"
+"and the repository exists."
+msgstr ""
+"无法读�远程仓库。\n"
+"\n"
+"请确认您有正确的访问��并且仓库存在。"
+
+#: connected.c:66 builtin/fsck.c:201 builtin/prune.c:145
+msgid "Checking connectivity"
+msgstr "检查连接中"
+
+#: connected.c:78
 msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
 msgstr "�能执行 'git rev-list'"
 
-#: connected.c:89
+#: connected.c:98
+msgid "failed write to rev-list"
+msgstr "无法写入 rev-list"
+
+#: connected.c:105
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin"
+msgstr "无法关闭 rev-list 的标准输入"
+
+#: convert.c:206
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
-msgstr "无法写入 rev-list：%s"
+msgid "CRLF would be replaced by LF in %s."
+msgstr "文件 %s 中的 CRLF 将被 LF 替�。"
 
-#: connected.c:97
+#: convert.c:208
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
-msgstr "无法关闭 rev-list 的标准输入：%s"
+msgid ""
+"CRLF will be replaced by LF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"文件 %s 中的 CRLF 将被 LF 替�。\n"
+"在工作区中该文件���原有的�行符。"
+
+#: convert.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "LF would be replaced by CRLF in %s"
+msgstr "文件 %s 中的 LF 将被 CRLF 替�"
+
+#: convert.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"LF will be replaced by CRLF in %s.\n"
+"The file will have its original line endings in your working directory."
+msgstr ""
+"文件 %s 中的 LF 将被 CRLF 替�。\n"
+"在工作区中该文件���原有的�行符。"
+
+#: convert.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "BOM is prohibited in '%s' if encoded as %s"
+msgstr "如果使用 %2$s 编�，�止在 '%1$s' 中使用 BOM"
+
+#: convert.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The file '%s' contains a byte order mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%s as working-"
+"tree-encoding."
+msgstr "文件 '%s' 包�一个字节顺�标记（BOM）。请使用 UTF-%s 作为工作区编�。"
+
+#: convert.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "BOM is required in '%s' if encoded as %s"
+msgstr "如果编�为 %2$s，需�在 '%1$s' 中使用 BOM"
+
+#: convert.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The file '%s' is missing a byte order mark (BOM). Please use UTF-%sBE or UTF-"
+"%sLE (depending on the byte order) as working-tree-encoding."
+msgstr ""
+"文件 '%s' 缺失一个字节顺�标记（BOM）。请使用 UTF-%sBE or UTF-%sLE（�决于字"
+"节�）作为工作区编�。"
+
+#: convert.c:424
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to encode '%s' from %s to %s"
+msgstr "无法对 '%s' 进行从 %s 到 %s 的编�"
+
+#: convert.c:467
+#, c-format
+msgid "encoding '%s' from %s to %s and back is not the same"
+msgstr "将'%s' 的编�从 %s 到 %s �回转��一致"
+
+#: convert.c:1225
+msgid "true/false are no valid working-tree-encodings"
+msgstr "true/false �是有效的工作区编�"
 
-#: date.c:95
+#: date.c:116
 msgid "in the future"
 msgstr "在将�"
 
-#: date.c:101
+#: date.c:122
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu second ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu seconds ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu 秒钟�"
-msgstr[1] "%lu 秒钟�"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> second ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> seconds ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> 秒钟�"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> 秒钟�"
 
-#: date.c:108
+#: date.c:129
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu minute ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu minutes ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu 分钟�"
-msgstr[1] "%lu 分钟�"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> minutes ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> 分钟�"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> 分钟�"
 
-#: date.c:115
+#: date.c:136
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu hour ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu hours ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu �时�"
-msgstr[1] "%lu �时�"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> hours ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> �时�"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> �时�"
 
-#: date.c:122
+#: date.c:143
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu day ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu days ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu 天�"
-msgstr[1] "%lu 天�"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> day ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> days ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> 天�"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> 天�"
 
-#: date.c:128
+#: date.c:149
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu week ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu weeks ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu 周�"
-msgstr[1] "%lu 周�"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> week ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> weeks ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> 周�"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> 周�"
 
-#: date.c:135
+#: date.c:156
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu month ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu months ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu 个月�"
-msgstr[1] "%lu 个月�"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> 个月�"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> 个月�"
 
-#: date.c:146
+#: date.c:167
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu year"
-msgid_plural "%lu years"
-msgstr[0] "%lu å¹´"
-msgstr[1] "%lu å¹´"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> å¹´"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> å¹´"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: "%s" is "<n> years"
-#: date.c:149
+#: date.c:170
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s, %lu month ago"
-msgid_plural "%s, %lu months ago"
-msgstr[0] "%s %lu 个月�"
-msgstr[1] "%s %lu 个月�"
+msgid "%s, %<PRIuMAX> month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %<PRIuMAX> months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%s %<PRIuMAX> 个月�"
+msgstr[1] "%s %<PRIuMAX> 个月�"
 
-#: date.c:154 date.c:159
+#: date.c:175 date.c:180
 #, c-format
-msgid "%lu year ago"
-msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
-msgstr[0] "%lu 年�"
-msgstr[1] "%lu 年�"
+msgid "%<PRIuMAX> year ago"
+msgid_plural "%<PRIuMAX> years ago"
+msgstr[0] "%<PRIuMAX> 年�"
+msgstr[1] "%<PRIuMAX> 年�"
 
 #: diffcore-order.c:24
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to read orderfile '%s'"
 msgstr "无法读�排�文件 '%s'"
 
-#: diffcore-rename.c:516
+#: diffcore-rename.c:535
 msgid "Performing inexact rename detection"
-msgstr "正在进行�精确的�命�检测"
+msgstr "正在进行�精确的�命�探测"
+
+#: diff.c:74
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' requires a value"
+msgstr "选项 '%s'  需�一个值"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: diff.c:114
+#: diff.c:152
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
 msgstr "  无法解� dirstat 截止（cut-off）百分比 '%s'\n"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: diff.c:119
+#: diff.c:157
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
 msgstr "  未知的 dirstat �数 '%s'\n"
 
-#: diff.c:214
+#: diff.c:281
+msgid ""
+"color moved setting must be one of 'no', 'default', 'zebra', 'dimmed_zebra', "
+"'plain'"
+msgstr ""
+"代�移动的颜色设置必须是 'no'�'default'�'zebra'�'dimmed_zebra' 或 'plain'"
+
+#: diff.c:341
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
 msgstr "�置�� 'diff.submodule' 未知的�值：'%s'"
 
-#: diff.c:266
+#: diff.c:401
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
@@ -509,16 +1765,24 @@ msgstr ""
 "�现�置�� 'diff.dirstat' 中的错误：\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:2957
+#: diff.c:3823
 #, c-format
 msgid "external diff died, stopping at %s"
 msgstr "外部 diff 退出，�止在 %s"
 
-#: diff.c:3352
+#: diff.c:4153
+msgid "--name-only, --name-status, --check and -s are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "--name-only�--name-status�--check 和 -s 是互斥的"
+
+#: diff.c:4156
+msgid "-G, -S and --find-object are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-G�-S 和 --find-object 是互斥的"
+
+#: diff.c:4244
 msgid "--follow requires exactly one pathspec"
-msgstr "--follow �数��跟一个 pathspec"
+msgstr "--follow 明确�求�跟一个路径规格"
 
-#: diff.c:3515
+#: diff.c:4410
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
@@ -527,62 +1791,365 @@ msgstr ""
 "无法解� --dirstat/-X 选项的�数：\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:3529
+#: diff.c:4424
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
 msgstr "无法解� --submodule 选项的�数：'%s'"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:129 gpg-interface.c:200
-msgid "could not run gpg."
-msgstr "�能执行 gpg。"
+#: diff.c:5500
+msgid "inexact rename detection was skipped due to too many files."
+msgstr "因为文件太多，略过�严格的�命�检查。"
+
+#: diff.c:5503
+msgid "only found copies from modified paths due to too many files."
+msgstr "因为文件太多，�在修改的路径中查找拷�。"
+
+#: diff.c:5506
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you may want to set your %s variable to at least %d and retry the command."
+msgstr "您�能想�将�� %s 设置为至少 %d 并�次执行此命令。"
+
+#: dir.c:1867
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open directory '%s'"
+msgstr "�能打开目录 '%s'"
+
+#: dir.c:2109
+msgid "failed to get kernel name and information"
+msgstr "无法获得内核�称和信�"
+
+#: dir.c:2233
+msgid "Untracked cache is disabled on this system or location."
+msgstr "缓存未跟踪文件在本系统或�置中被�用。"
+
+#: dir.c:3075 dir.c:3080
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directories for %s"
+msgstr "�能为 %s 创建目录"
+
+#: dir.c:3109
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not migrate git directory from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "�能从 '%s' �移 git 目录到 '%s'"
+
+#: editor.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: Waiting for your editor to close the file...%c"
+msgstr "�示：等待您的编辑器关闭文件...%c"
+
+#: entry.c:177
+msgid "Filtering content"
+msgstr "过滤内容"
+
+#: entry.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat file '%s'"
+msgstr "�能对文件 '%s' 调用 stat"
+
+#: fetch-object.c:17
+msgid "Remote with no URL"
+msgstr "远程未设置 URL"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:254
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected shallow list"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack：应为 shallow 列表"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:266
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack：期望 ACK/NAK，�得到 flush 包"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:285 builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr "远程错误：%s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'"
+msgstr "git fetch-pack：应为 ACK/NAK，�得到 '%s'"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:338
+msgid "--stateless-rpc requires multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "--stateless-rpc 需� multi_ack_detailed"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:429 fetch-pack.c:1310
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid shallow line: %s"
+msgstr "无效的 shallow 信�：%s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:435 fetch-pack.c:1316
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid unshallow line: %s"
+msgstr "无效的 unshallow 信�：%s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:437 fetch-pack.c:1318
+#, c-format
+msgid "object not found: %s"
+msgstr "对象未找到：%s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:440 fetch-pack.c:1321
+#, c-format
+msgid "error in object: %s"
+msgstr "对象中出错：%s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:442 fetch-pack.c:1323
+#, c-format
+msgid "no shallow found: %s"
+msgstr "未�现 shallow：%s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:445 fetch-pack.c:1326
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected shallow/unshallow, got %s"
+msgstr "应为 shallow/unshallow，�得到 %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:486
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s %d %s"
+msgstr "得到 %s %d %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit %s"
+msgstr "无效�交 %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:533
+msgid "giving up"
+msgstr "放弃"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:543 progress.c:229
+msgid "done"
+msgstr "完�"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:555
+#, c-format
+msgid "got %s (%d) %s"
+msgstr "得到 %s (%d) %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:601
+#, c-format
+msgid "Marking %s as complete"
+msgstr "标记 %s 为完�"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:828
+#, c-format
+msgid "already have %s (%s)"
+msgstr "已�有 %s（%s）"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:869
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "fetch-pack：无法派生 sideband 多路输出"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:877
+msgid "protocol error: bad pack header"
+msgstr "�议错误：�的包头"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:944
+#, c-format
+msgid "fetch-pack: unable to fork off %s"
+msgstr "fetch-pack：无法派生进程 %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:960
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s failed"
+msgstr "%s 失败"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:962
+msgid "error in sideband demultiplexer"
+msgstr "sideband 多路输出出错"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:141
-msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
-msgstr "gpg 没有接�数�"
+#: fetch-pack.c:989
+msgid "Server does not support shallow clients"
+msgstr "�务器�支� shalllow 客户端"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:152
+#: fetch-pack.c:993
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack_detailed"
+msgstr "�务器支� multi_ack_detailed"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:996
+msgid "Server supports no-done"
+msgstr "�务器支� no-done"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1002
+msgid "Server supports multi_ack"
+msgstr "�务器支� multi_ack"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1006
+msgid "Server supports side-band-64k"
+msgstr "�务器支� side-band-64k"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1010
+msgid "Server supports side-band"
+msgstr "�务器支� side-band"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1014
+msgid "Server supports allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "�务器支� allow-tip-sha1-in-want"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1018
+msgid "Server supports allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+msgstr "�务器支� allow-reachable-sha1-in-want"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1028
+msgid "Server supports ofs-delta"
+msgstr "�务器支� ofs-delta"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1034 fetch-pack.c:1204
+msgid "Server supports filter"
+msgstr "�务器支� filter"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1042
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server version is %.*s"
+msgstr "�务器版本 %.*s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1048
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-since"
+msgstr "�务器�支� --shallow-since"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1052
+msgid "Server does not support --shallow-exclude"
+msgstr "�务器�支� --shallow-exclude"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1054
+msgid "Server does not support --deepen"
+msgstr "�务器�支� --deepen"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1065
+msgid "no common commits"
+msgstr "没有共�的�交"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1077 fetch-pack.c:1414
+msgid "git fetch-pack: fetch failed."
+msgstr "git fetch-pack：获�失败。"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1199
+msgid "Server does not support shallow requests"
+msgstr "�务器�支� shalllow 请求"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1584
+msgid "no matching remote head"
+msgstr "没有匹�的远程分支"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1610
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such remote ref %s"
+msgstr "没有这样的远程引用 %s"
+
+#: fetch-pack.c:1613
+#, c-format
+msgid "Server does not allow request for unadvertised object %s"
+msgstr "�务器��许请求未公开的对象 %s"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:185
 msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
 msgstr "gpg 无法为数�签�"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:185
+#: gpg-interface.c:210
+msgid "could not create temporary file"
+msgstr "�能创建临时文件"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:213
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create temporary file '%s': %s"
-msgstr "�能创建临时文件 '%s'：%s"
+msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s'"
+msgstr "无法将分离�签�写入 '%s'"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:188
+#: graph.c:97
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s': %s"
-msgstr "无法将分离�签�写入 '%s'：%s"
+msgid "ignore invalid color '%.*s' in log.graphColors"
+msgstr "忽略 log.graphColors 中无效的颜色 '%.*s'"
 
-#: grep.c:1718
+#: grep.c:2020
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
 msgstr "'%s'：无法读� %s"
 
-#: grep.c:1735
+#: grep.c:2037 setup.c:164 builtin/clone.c:409 builtin/diff.c:81
+#: builtin/rm.c:134
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': %s"
-msgstr "'%s'：%s"
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr "对 '%s' 调用 stat 失败"
 
-#: grep.c:1746
+#: grep.c:2048
 #, c-format
-msgid "'%s': short read %s"
-msgstr "'%s'：读��完整 %s"
+msgid "'%s': short read"
+msgstr "'%s'：读��完整"
+
+#: help.c:23
+msgid "start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)"
+msgstr "开始一个工作区（��：git help tutorial）"
+
+#: help.c:24
+msgid "work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)"
+msgstr "在当��更上工作（��：git help everyday）"
+
+#: help.c:25
+msgid "examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)"
+msgstr "检查历�和状�（��：git help revisions）"
+
+#: help.c:26
+msgid "grow, mark and tweak your common history"
+msgstr "扩展�标记和调校您的历�记录"
+
+#: help.c:27
+msgid "collaborate (see also: git help workflows)"
+msgstr "��（��：git help workflows）"
+
+#: help.c:31
+msgid "Main Porcelain Commands"
+msgstr "主�的上层命令"
 
-#: help.c:207
+#: help.c:32
+msgid "Ancillary Commands / Manipulators"
+msgstr "辅助命令/�作者"
+
+#: help.c:33
+msgid "Ancillary Commands / Interrogators"
+msgstr "辅助命令/询问者"
+
+#: help.c:34
+msgid "Interacting with Others"
+msgstr "与其它系统交互"
+
+#: help.c:35
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Manipulators"
+msgstr "低级命令/�作者"
+
+#: help.c:36
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Interrogators"
+msgstr "低级命令/询问者"
+
+#: help.c:37
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Synching Repositories"
+msgstr "低级命令/�步仓库"
+
+#: help.c:38
+msgid "Low-level Commands / Internal Helpers"
+msgstr "低级命令/内部助手"
+
+#: help.c:293
 #, c-format
 msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
 msgstr "在 '%s' 下�用的 git 命令"
 
-#: help.c:214
+#: help.c:300
 msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
 msgstr "在 $PATH 路径中的其他地方�用的 git 命令"
 
-#: help.c:230
-msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
-msgstr "最常用的 git 命令有："
+#: help.c:309
+msgid "These are common Git commands used in various situations:"
+msgstr "这些是��场�常�的 Git 命令："
+
+#: help.c:358 git.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported command listing type '%s'"
+msgstr "�支�的命令列表类型 '%s'"
+
+#: help.c:405
+msgid "The common Git guides are:"
+msgstr "最常用的 Git �导有："
 
-#: help.c:289
+#: help.c:467
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
@@ -591,30 +2158,54 @@ msgstr ""
 "'%s' �是一个 git 命令，但�无法�行。\n"
 "�能是 git-%s ��？"
 
-#: help.c:346
+#: help.c:526
 msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
 msgstr "唉呀，您的系统中未�现 Git 命令。"
 
-#: help.c:368
+#: help.c:548
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
-"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-"警告：您�行一个�存在的 Git 命令 '%s'。继续执行�定您���行的\n"
-"是 '%s'"
+msgid "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist."
+msgstr "警告：您�行了一个并�存在的 Git 命令 '%s'。"
 
-#: help.c:373
+#: help.c:553
 #, c-format
-msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
-msgstr "在 %0.1f 秒钟�自动�行..."
+msgid "Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr "�定你想�的是 '%s' 并继续。"
 
-#: help.c:380
+#: help.c:558
+#, c-format
+msgid "Continuing in %0.1f seconds, assuming that you meant '%s'."
+msgstr "�定你想�的是 '%2$s'，在 %1$0.1f 秒钟�继续。"
+
+#: help.c:566
 #, c-format
 msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
 msgstr "git：'%s' �是一个 git 命令。�� 'git --help'。"
 
-#: help.c:384 help.c:444
+#: help.c:570
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar command is"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"The most similar commands are"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"\n"
+"最相似的命令是"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"\n"
+"最相似的命令是"
+
+#: help.c:585
+msgid "git version [<options>]"
+msgstr "git version [<选项>]"
+
+#: help.c:652
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s - %s"
+msgstr "%s：%s - %s"
+
+#: help.c:656
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Did you mean this?"
@@ -628,131 +2219,306 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "\n"
 "您指的是这其中的�一个么？"
 
-#: help.c:440
+#: ident.c:342
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"*** Please tell me who you are.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"\n"
+"to set your account's default identity.\n"
+"Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"*** 请告诉我你是�。\n"
+"\n"
+"�行\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global user.email \"you@example.com\"\n"
+"  git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"\n"
+"�设置您账�的缺�身份标识。\n"
+"如果仅在本仓库设置身份标识，则�略 --global �数。\n"
+
+#: ident.c:366
+msgid "no email was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "未�供邮件地�且自动探测被�用"
+
+#: ident.c:371
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: %s - %s"
-msgstr "%s：%s - %s"
+msgid "unable to auto-detect email address (got '%s')"
+msgstr "无法自动探测邮件地�（得到 '%s'）"
+
+#: ident.c:381
+msgid "no name was given and auto-detection is disabled"
+msgstr "未�供姓�且自动探测被�用"
+
+#: ident.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to auto-detect name (got '%s')"
+msgstr "无法自动探测姓�（得到 '%s'）"
+
+#: ident.c:395
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty ident name (for <%s>) not allowed"
+msgstr "��许空的姓�（对于 <%s>）"
 
-#: lockfile.c:283
-msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that is still open"
-msgstr "BUG: �新打开一个�打开�的�文件"
+#: ident.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "name consists only of disallowed characters: %s"
+msgstr "姓�中仅包��用字符：%s"
+
+#: ident.c:416 builtin/commit.c:587
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid date format: %s"
+msgstr "无效的日期格�：%s"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:36
+msgid "multiple filter-specs cannot be combined"
+msgstr "�能混用多�过滤规格"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.c:126
+msgid "cannot change partial clone promisor remote"
+msgstr "无法修改部分克隆的 promisor 远程仓库"
+
+#: lockfile.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to create '%s.lock': %s.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another git process seems to be running in this repository, e.g.\n"
+"an editor opened by 'git commit'. Please make sure all processes\n"
+"are terminated then try again. If it still fails, a git process\n"
+"may have crashed in this repository earlier:\n"
+"remove the file manually to continue."
+msgstr ""
+"无法创建 '%s.lock'：%s。\n"
+"\n"
+"似乎�外一个 git 进程在这个仓库中�行，例如：'git commit' 命令打\n"
+"开了一个编辑器。请确认所有进程都已�关闭然��试。如果�然报错，\n"
+"�能之�有一个 git 进程在这个仓库中异常退出：\n"
+"手动删除这个文件�继续。"
 
-#: lockfile.c:285
-msgid "BUG: reopen a lockfile that has been committed"
-msgstr "BUG: �新打开一个已�交的�文件"
+#: lockfile.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to create '%s.lock': %s"
+msgstr "�能创建 '%s.lock'：%s"
 
-#: merge.c:41
+#: merge.c:71
 msgid "failed to read the cache"
 msgstr "无法读�缓存"
 
-#: merge.c:94 builtin/checkout.c:374 builtin/checkout.c:580
-#: builtin/clone.c:662
+#: merge.c:136 builtin/am.c:1946 builtin/am.c:1980 builtin/checkout.c:378
+#: builtin/checkout.c:606 builtin/clone.c:761
 msgid "unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "无法写新的索引文件"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:189
-#, c-format
+#: merge-recursive.c:298
 msgid "(bad commit)\n"
 msgstr "（��交）\n"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:209
+#: merge-recursive.c:320
+#, c-format
+msgid "add_cacheinfo failed for path '%s'; merge aborting."
+msgstr "addinfo_cache 对路径 '%s' 执行失败，�并终止。"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:328
 #, c-format
-msgid "addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'"
-msgstr "为路径 '%s' addinfo_cache 失败"
+msgid "add_cacheinfo failed to refresh for path '%s'; merge aborting."
+msgstr "addinfo_cache 无法刷新路径 '%s'，�并终止。"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:270
+#: merge-recursive.c:410
 msgid "error building trees"
 msgstr "无法创建树"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:688
+#: merge-recursive.c:881
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create path '%s'%s"
 msgstr "无法创建路径 '%s'%s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:699
+#: merge-recursive.c:892
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"
 msgstr "删除 %s 以便为�目录留出空间\n"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:713 merge-recursive.c:734
+#: merge-recursive.c:906 merge-recursive.c:925
 msgid ": perhaps a D/F conflict?"
 msgstr "：�能是一个目录/文件冲�？"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:724
+#: merge-recursive.c:915
 #, c-format
 msgid "refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"
 msgstr "拒�丢弃 '%s' 中的未跟踪文件"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:764
+#: merge-recursive.c:957 builtin/cat-file.c:37
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read object %s '%s'"
 msgstr "�能读�对象 %s '%s'"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:766
+#: merge-recursive.c:959
 #, c-format
 msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
-msgstr "%s '%s' 应为数�（blob）对象"
+msgstr "%s '%s' 应为数�对象"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:789 builtin/clone.c:321
+#: merge-recursive.c:983
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to open '%s'"
-msgstr "无法打开 '%s'"
+msgid "failed to open '%s': %s"
+msgstr "无法打开 '%s'：%s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:797
+#: merge-recursive.c:994
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to symlink '%s'"
-msgstr "无法创建符�链接 '%s'"
+msgid "failed to symlink '%s': %s"
+msgstr "无法创建符�链接 '%s'：%s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:800
+#: merge-recursive.c:999
 #, c-format
 msgid "do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"
 msgstr "�知�如何处� %06o %s '%s'"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:938
+#: merge-recursive.c:1186
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (not checked out)"
+msgstr "无法�并�模组 %s （没有检出）"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1193
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (commits not present)"
+msgstr "无法�并�模组 %s（�交�存在）"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (commits don't follow merge-base)"
+msgstr "无法�并�模组 %s （�交未跟��并基线）"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1208 merge-recursive.c:1220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding submodule %s to the following commit:"
+msgstr "�模组 %s 快进到如下�交："
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1211 merge-recursive.c:1223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding submodule %s"
+msgstr "快进�模组 %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1245
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (merge following commits not found)"
+msgstr "无法�并�模组 %s （没�现�并跟�的�交）"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1249
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (not fast-forward)"
+msgstr "无法�并�模组 %s（�快进）"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1250
+msgid "Found a possible merge resolution for the submodule:\n"
+msgstr "找到�模组的一个�能的�并方案：\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1253
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If this is correct simply add it to the index for example\n"
+"by using:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n"
+"\n"
+"which will accept this suggestion.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"如果这个正确，将其添加到索引，例如使用命令：\n"
+"\n"
+"  git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n"
+"\n"
+"以接�此建议。\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1262
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to merge submodule %s (multiple merges found)"
+msgstr "无法�并�模组 %s （�现多个�并）"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1321
 msgid "Failed to execute internal merge"
 msgstr "无法执行内部�并"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:942
+#: merge-recursive.c:1326
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add %s to database"
 msgstr "�能添加 %s 至对象库"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:958
-msgid "unsupported object type in the tree"
-msgstr "在树中有�支�的对象类型"
+#: merge-recursive.c:1358
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto-merging %s"
+msgstr "自动�并 %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1423
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error: Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; writing to %s instead."
+msgstr "错误：拒�丢失未跟踪文件 '%s'，而是写入 %s。"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1033 merge-recursive.c:1047
+#: merge-recursive.c:1475
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
 "in tree."
 msgstr ""
-"冲�（%1$s/删除）：%2$s 在 %3$s 中被删除，在 %5$s 中被 %4$s。%7$s 在 %6$s 中"
-"的版本被�留。"
+"冲�（%1$s/删除）：%2$s 在 %3$s 中被删除，在 %5$s 中被 %4$s。%7$s 的 %6$s 版"
+"本被�留。"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1480
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree."
+msgstr ""
+"冲�（%1$s/删除）：%2$s 在 %3$s 中被删除，在 %6$s 中的 %5$s 被 %4$s。%8$s 的 "
+"%7$s 版本被�留。"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1039 merge-recursive.c:1052
+#: merge-recursive.c:1487
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
 "in tree at %s."
 msgstr ""
-"冲�（%1$s/删除）：%2$s 在 %3$s 中被删除，在 %5$s 中被 %4$s。%7$s 在 %6$s 中"
-"的版本�留于 %8$s 中。"
+"冲�（%1$s/删除）：%2$s 在 %3$s 中被删除，在 %5$s 中被 %4$s。%7$s 的 %6$s 版"
+"本�留在 %8$s 中。"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1492
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s "
+"left in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+"冲�（%1$s/删除）：%2$s 在 %3$s 中被删除，在 %6$s 中的 %5$s 被 %4$s。%8$s 的 "
+"%7$s 版本�留在 %9$s 中。"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1093
+#: merge-recursive.c:1526
 msgid "rename"
 msgstr "�命�"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1093
+#: merge-recursive.c:1526
 msgid "renamed"
 msgstr "�命�"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1149
+#: merge-recursive.c:1580 merge-recursive.c:1736 merge-recursive.c:2368
+#: merge-recursive.c:3086
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"
+msgstr "拒�丢失�文件 '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"
 msgstr "%s 是 %s 中的一个目录而以 %s 为�被添加"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1171
+#: merge-recursive.c:1599
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "拒�丢失未跟踪文件 '%s'，而是添加为 %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1625
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" rename \"%s"
@@ -761,270 +2527,363 @@ msgstr ""
 "冲�（�命�/�命�）：在分支 \"%3$s\" 中�命� \"%1$s\"->\"%2$s\"，在分支 "
 "\"%6$s\" 中�命� \"%4$s\"->\"%5$s\"%7$s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1176
+#: merge-recursive.c:1630
 msgid " (left unresolved)"
 msgstr "（留下未解决）"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1230
+#: merge-recursive.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename %s->%s in %s. Rename %s->%s in %s"
 msgstr ""
 "冲�（�命�/�命�）：在 %3$s 中�命� %1$s->%2$s，在 %6$s 中�命� %4$s->"
 "%5$s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1260
+#: merge-recursive.c:1733
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
 msgstr "而是�命� %s 至 %s，以� %s 至 %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1459
+#: merge-recursive.c:1745
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to lose untracked file at %s, even though it's in the way."
+msgstr "拒�丢失未跟踪文件 '%s'，�使它妨�了。"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1951
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (directory rename split): Unclear where to place %s because "
+"directory %s was renamed to multiple other directories, with no destination "
+"getting a majority of the files."
+msgstr ""
+"冲�（分割的目录�命�）：�清楚 %s 应该放在哪里，因为目录 %s 被�命�到多个"
+"其它目录，没有一个目录包�主�的文件。"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1983
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Existing file/dir at %s in the way of "
+"implicit directory rename(s) putting the following path(s) there: %s."
+msgstr ""
+"冲�（��目录�命�）：处于��目录�命�的现存文件/目录 %s，将以下路径放"
+"在：%s。"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1993
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Cannot map more than one path to %s; "
+"implicit directory renames tried to put these paths there: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"冲�（��目录�命�）：无法映射一个以上路径到 %s，��目录�命��试将这些路"
+"径放置于此：%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2085
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename directory %s->%s in %s. Rename directory %s-"
+">%s in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"冲�（�命�/�命�）：在 %3$s 中�命�目录 %1$s->%2$s，在 %6$s 中�命�目录 "
+"%4$s->%5$s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2330
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"WARNING: Avoiding applying %s -> %s rename to %s, because %s itself was "
+"renamed."
+msgstr "警告：��应用 %s -> %s 的�命�到 %s，因为 %s 本身已被�命�。"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2736
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. %s added in %s"
 msgstr "冲�（�命�/添加）：在 %3$s 中�命� %1$s->%2$s。在 %5$s 中添加 %4$s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1469
+#: merge-recursive.c:2751
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding merged %s"
 msgstr "添加�并�的 %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1474 merge-recursive.c:1672
+#: merge-recursive.c:2758 merge-recursive.c:3089
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding as %s instead"
 msgstr "而是以 %s 为�添加"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1525
+#: merge-recursive.c:2914
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read object %s"
 msgstr "�能读�对象 %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1528
+#: merge-recursive.c:2917
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s is not a blob"
-msgstr "对象 %s �是一个数�（blob）对象"
+msgstr "对象 %s �是一个数�对象"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1576
+#: merge-recursive.c:2986
 msgid "modify"
 msgstr "修改"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1576
+#: merge-recursive.c:2986
 msgid "modified"
 msgstr "修改"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1586
+#: merge-recursive.c:2997
 msgid "content"
 msgstr "内容"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1593
+#: merge-recursive.c:3004
 msgid "add/add"
 msgstr "添加/添加"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1627
+#: merge-recursive.c:3046
 #, c-format
 msgid "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"
 msgstr "略过 %s（已��过相��并）"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1641
-#, c-format
-msgid "Auto-merging %s"
-msgstr "自动�并 %s"
-
-#: merge-recursive.c:1645 git-submodule.sh:1150
+#: merge-recursive.c:3055 git-submodule.sh:895
 msgid "submodule"
 msgstr "�模组"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1646
+#: merge-recursive.c:3056
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"
 msgstr "冲�（%s）：�并冲�于 %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1732
+#: merge-recursive.c:3178
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing %s"
 msgstr "删除 %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1757
+#: merge-recursive.c:3204
 msgid "file/directory"
 msgstr "文件/目录"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1763
+#: merge-recursive.c:3210
 msgid "directory/file"
 msgstr "目录/文件"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1768
+#: merge-recursive.c:3217
 #, c-format
 msgid "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. Adding %s as %s"
 msgstr "冲�（%1$s）：在 %3$s 中有一个�为 %2$s 的目录。以 %5$s 为�添加 %4$s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1778
+#: merge-recursive.c:3226
 #, c-format
 msgid "Adding %s"
 msgstr "添加 %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1795
-msgid "Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."
-msgstr "严�的�并错误，�应�生。"
+#: merge-recursive.c:3267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot merge (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "�索引：�能�并（�文件：%s）"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1814
-msgid "Already up-to-date!"
+#: merge-recursive.c:3271
+msgid "Already up to date!"
 msgstr "已�是最新的�"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1823
+#: merge-recursive.c:3280
 #, c-format
 msgid "merging of trees %s and %s failed"
 msgstr "无法�并树 %s 和 %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1853
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unprocessed path??? %s"
-msgstr "未处�的路径??? %s"
-
-#: merge-recursive.c:1898
+#: merge-recursive.c:3379
 msgid "Merging:"
 msgstr "�并："
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1911
+#: merge-recursive.c:3392
 #, c-format
 msgid "found %u common ancestor:"
 msgid_plural "found %u common ancestors:"
 msgstr[0] "�现 %u 个共�祖先："
 msgstr[1] "�现 %u 个共�祖先："
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1948
+#: merge-recursive.c:3431
 msgid "merge returned no commit"
 msgstr "�并未返回�交"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2005
+#: merge-recursive.c:3495
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
 msgstr "�能解�对象 '%s'"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2016 builtin/merge.c:667
+#: merge-recursive.c:3511 builtin/merge.c:659 builtin/merge.c:816
 msgid "Unable to write index."
 msgstr "�能写入索引。"
 
-#: notes-utils.c:41
+#: notes-merge.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your previous notes merge (%s exists).\n"
+"Please, use 'git notes merge --commit' or 'git notes merge --abort' to "
+"commit/abort the previous merge before you start a new notes merge."
+msgstr ""
+"您的�一次注释�并尚未结�（存在 %s）。\n"
+"在开始一个新的注释�并之�，请使用 'git notes merge --commit' 或者 'git "
+"notes merge --abort' ��交/终止�一次�并。"
+
+#: notes-merge.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "You have not concluded your notes merge (%s exists)."
+msgstr "您尚未结�注释�并（存在 %s）。"
+
+#: notes-utils.c:43
 msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
 msgstr "�能�交未�始化/未引用的注解树"
 
-#: notes-utils.c:82
+#: notes-utils.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
 msgstr "�的 notes.rewriteMode 值：'%s'"
 
-#: notes-utils.c:92
+#: notes-utils.c:112
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
 msgstr "拒�� %s（在 refs/notes/ 之外）写入注解"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
-#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
-#: notes-utils.c:119
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of
+#. the environment variable, the second %s is
+#. its value.
+#.
+#: notes-utils.c:142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
 msgstr "�的 %s 值：'%s'"
 
-#: object.c:241
+#: object.c:242
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse object: %s"
 msgstr "�能解�对象：%s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:546
+#: packfile.c:563
+msgid "offset before end of packfile (broken .idx?)"
+msgstr "�移�在包文件结�之�（��的 .idx？）"
+
+#: packfile.c:1742
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset before start of pack index for %s (corrupt index?)"
+msgstr "�移�在 %s 的包索引开始之�（��的索引？）"
+
+#: packfile.c:1746
+#, c-format
+msgid "offset beyond end of pack index for %s (truncated index?)"
+msgstr "�移�越过了 %s 的包索引的结尾（被截断的索引？）"
+
+#: parse-options.c:621
 msgid "..."
 msgstr "..."
 
-#: parse-options.c:564
+#: parse-options.c:640
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s"
 msgstr "用法：%s"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
-#. one in "usage: %s" translation
-#: parse-options.c:568
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation.
+#.
+#: parse-options.c:646
 #, c-format
 msgid "   or: %s"
 msgstr "  或：%s"
 
 #  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#: parse-options.c:571
+#: parse-options.c:649
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %s"
 msgstr "    %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:605
+#: parse-options.c:688
 msgid "-NUM"
 msgstr "-æ•°å­—"
 
-#: pathspec.c:133
+#: parse-options-cb.c:44
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed expiration date '%s'"
+msgstr "格�错误的到期时间：'%s'"
+
+#: parse-options-cb.c:112
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr "格�错误的对象� '%s'"
+
+#: path.c:892
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr "�能设置 %s 为组�写"
+
+#: pathspec.c:129
+msgid "Escape character '\\' not allowed as last character in attr value"
+msgstr "转义字符 '\\' �能作为属性值的最�一个字符"
+
+#: pathspec.c:147
+msgid "Only one 'attr:' specification is allowed."
+msgstr "��许一个 'attr:' 规格。"
+
+#: pathspec.c:150
+msgid "attr spec must not be empty"
+msgstr "属性规格�能为空"
+
+#: pathspec.c:193
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid attribute name %s"
+msgstr "无效的属性� %s"
+
+#: pathspec.c:258
 msgid "global 'glob' and 'noglob' pathspec settings are incompatible"
-msgstr "全局的 'glob' 和 'noglob' 路径规则设置�兼容"
+msgstr "全局的 'glob' 和 'noglob' 路径规格设置�兼容"
 
-#: pathspec.c:143
+#: pathspec.c:265
 msgid ""
 "global 'literal' pathspec setting is incompatible with all other global "
 "pathspec settings"
-msgstr "全局的 'literal' 路径规则设置和其它的全局路径规则设置�兼容"
+msgstr "全局的 'literal' 路径规格设置和其它的全局路径规格设置�兼容"
 
-#: pathspec.c:177
+#: pathspec.c:305
 msgid "invalid parameter for pathspec magic 'prefix'"
-msgstr "路径规则包�无效的神奇�缀"
+msgstr "路径规格包�无效的神奇�缀"
 
-#: pathspec.c:183
+#: pathspec.c:326
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid pathspec magic '%.*s' in '%s'"
-msgstr "在路径规则 '%3$s' 中无效的神奇�缀 '%2$.*1$s'"
+msgstr "在路径规格 '%3$s' 中无效的神奇�缀 '%2$.*1$s'"
 
-#: pathspec.c:187
+#: pathspec.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing ')' at the end of pathspec magic in '%s'"
-msgstr "路径规则 '%s' 的神奇�缀结尾少了一个 ')'"
+msgstr "路径规格 '%s' 的神奇�缀结尾少了一个 ')'"
 
-#: pathspec.c:205
+#: pathspec.c:369
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unimplemented pathspec magic '%c' in '%s'"
-msgstr "路径规则 '%2$s' 中包�未实现的神奇�缀 '%1$c'"
+msgstr "路径规格 '%2$s' 中包�未实现的神奇�缀 '%1$c'"
 
-#: pathspec.c:230
+#: pathspec.c:428
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: 'literal' and 'glob' are incompatible"
 msgstr "%s：'literal' 和 'glob' �兼容"
 
-#: pathspec.c:241
+#: pathspec.c:441
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: '%s' is outside repository"
-msgstr "%s：'%s' 在版本库之外"
+msgstr "%s：'%s' 在仓库之外"
 
-#: pathspec.c:291
+#: pathspec.c:515
 #, c-format
-msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
-msgstr "路径规则 '%s' 在�模组 '%.*s' 中"
+msgid "'%s' (mnemonic: '%c')"
+msgstr "'%s'（助记符：'%c'）"
 
-#: pathspec.c:353
+#: pathspec.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: pathspec magic not supported by this command: %s"
-msgstr "%s：路径规则神奇�缀�被此命令支�：%s"
+msgstr "%s：路径规格神奇�缀�被此命令支�：%s"
 
-#: pathspec.c:432
+#: pathspec.c:592
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
-msgstr "路径规则 '%s' �于符�链接中"
-
-#: pathspec.c:441
-msgid ""
-"There is nothing to exclude from by :(exclude) patterns.\n"
-"Perhaps you forgot to add either ':/' or '.' ?"
-msgstr ""
-"没有为 :(exclude) 模��供�忽略的内容。也许您忘记了\n"
-"添加 ':/' 或 '.' ？"
+msgstr "路径规格 '%s' �于符�链接中"
 
-#: pretty.c:968
+#: pretty.c:962
 msgid "unable to parse --pretty format"
 msgstr "�能解� --pretty 格�"
 
-#: progress.c:225
-msgid "done"
-msgstr "完�"
-
-#: read-cache.c:1267
+#: read-cache.c:1500
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "index.version set, but the value is invalid.\n"
@@ -1033,7 +2892,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "设置了 index.version，但是�值无效。\n"
 "使用版本 %i"
 
-#: read-cache.c:1277
+#: read-cache.c:1510
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "GIT_INDEX_VERSION set, but the value is invalid.\n"
@@ -1042,51 +2901,383 @@ msgstr ""
 "设置了 GIT_INDEX_VERSION，但是�值无效。\n"
 "使用版本 %i"
 
-#: remote.c:782
+#: read-cache.c:2404 sequencer.c:4338 wrapper.c:658 builtin/merge.c:1048
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not close '%s'"
+msgstr "�能关闭 '%s'"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2477 sequencer.c:2102 sequencer.c:3234
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "�能对 '%s' 调用 stat"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2490
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open git dir: %s"
+msgstr "�能打开 git 目录：%s"
+
+#: read-cache.c:2502
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to unlink: %s"
+msgstr "无法删除：%s"
+
+#: refs.c:732 sequencer.c:4334 sequencer.c:4393 wrapper.c:225 wrapper.c:395
+#: builtin/am.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "无法打开 '%s' 进行写入"
+
+#: refs.c:1880
+msgid "ref updates forbidden inside quarantine environment"
+msgstr "在隔离环境中�止更新引用"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1191
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not remove reference %s"
+msgstr "无法删除引用 %s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1205 refs/packed-backend.c:1531
+#: refs/packed-backend.c:1541
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete reference %s: %s"
+msgstr "无法删除引用 %s：%s"
+
+#: refs/files-backend.c:1208 refs/packed-backend.c:1544
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not delete references: %s"
+msgstr "无法删除引用：%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:35 wt-status.c:1850
+msgid "gone"
+msgstr "丢失"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d"
+msgstr "领先 %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:37
+#, c-format
+msgid "behind %d"
+msgstr "�� %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:38
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d, behind %d"
+msgstr "领先 %d，�� %d"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(color:<color>)"
+msgstr "期望的格�：%%(color:<颜色>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized color: %%(color:%s)"
+msgstr "未能识别的颜色：%%(color:%s)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:lstrip=%s"
+msgstr "期望整数值 refname:lstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "Integer value expected refname:rstrip=%s"
+msgstr "期望整数值 refname:rstrip=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(%s) argument: %s"
+msgstr "未能识别的 %%(%s) �数：%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(body) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(body) �带�数"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "%%(subject) does not take arguments"
+msgstr "%%(subject) �带�数"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown %%(trailers) argument: %s"
+msgstr "未知的 %%(trailers) �数：%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:264
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected contents:lines=%s"
+msgstr "期望一个正数 contents:lines=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:266
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(contents) argument: %s"
+msgstr "未能识别的 %%(contents) �数：%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:281
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive value expected objectname:short=%s"
+msgstr "期望一个正数 objectname:short=%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:285
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(objectname) argument: %s"
+msgstr "未能识别的 %%(objectname) �数：%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "expected format: %%(align:<width>,<position>)"
+msgstr "期望的格�：%%(align:<宽度>,<�置>)"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:327
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized position:%s"
+msgstr "未能识别的�置：%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:334
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized width:%s"
+msgstr "未能识别的宽度：%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(align) argument: %s"
+msgstr "未能识别的 %%(align) �数：%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:351
+#, c-format
+msgid "positive width expected with the %%(align) atom"
+msgstr "元素 %%(align) 需�一个正数的宽度"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:369
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized %%(if) argument: %s"
+msgstr "未能识别的 %%(if) �数：%s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:464
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "格�错误的字段�：%.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:491
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown field name: %.*s"
+msgstr "未知的字段�：%.*s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:608
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(if) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "格�：使用了 %%(if) 元素而没有 %%(then) 元素"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "格�：使用了 %%(then) 元素而没有 %%(if) 元素"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:673
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "格�：%%(then) 元素用了多次"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:675
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(then) atom used after %%(else)"
+msgstr "格�：%%(then) 元素用在了 %%(else) 之�"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:703
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without an %%(if) atom"
+msgstr "格�：使用了 %%(else) 元素而没有 %%(if) 元素"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:705
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used without a %%(then) atom"
+msgstr "格�：使用了 %%(else) 元素而没有 %%(then) 元素"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:707
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(else) atom used more than once"
+msgstr "格�：%%(else) 元素用了多次"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:722
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom used without corresponding atom"
+msgstr "格�：使用了 %%(end) 元素�没有它的对应元素"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed format string %s"
+msgstr "错误的格�化字符串 %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1387
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
+msgstr "（�分支，正�基 %s）"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1390
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing detached HEAD %s)"
+msgstr "（�分支，正�基分离头指针 %s）"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1393
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
+msgstr "（�分支，二分查找开始于 %s）"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached at " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1401
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached at %s)"
+msgstr "（头指针分离于 %s）"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+#. detached from " in wt-status.c
+#.
+#: ref-filter.c:1408
+#, c-format
+msgid "(HEAD detached from %s)"
+msgstr "（头指针分离自 %s）"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1412
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr "（�分支）"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1442
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing object %s for %s"
+msgstr "缺失 %2$s 的对象 %1$s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1445
+#, c-format
+msgid "parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s"
+msgstr "parse_object_buffer 失败于 %2$s 的 %1$s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1902
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr "格�错误的对象 '%s'"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1984
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring ref with broken name %s"
+msgstr "忽略带有错误�称 %s 的引用"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:1989
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring broken ref %s"
+msgstr "忽略��的引用 %s"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2261
+#, c-format
+msgid "format: %%(end) atom missing"
+msgstr "格�：缺少 %%(end) 元素"
+
+#: ref-filter.c:2365
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr "格�错误的对象� %s"
+
+#: remote.c:605
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot fetch both %s and %s to %s"
 msgstr "�能�时获� %s 和 %s 至 %s"
 
-#: remote.c:786
+#: remote.c:609
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s usually tracks %s, not %s"
 msgstr "%s 通常跟踪 %s，而� %s"
 
-#: remote.c:790
+#: remote.c:613
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s tracks both %s and %s"
 msgstr "%s �时跟踪 %s 和 %s"
 
-#: remote.c:798
+#: remote.c:621
 msgid "Internal error"
 msgstr "内部错误"
 
-#: remote.c:1980
+#: remote.c:1534 remote.c:1635
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr "HEAD 没有指�一个分支"
+
+#: remote.c:1543
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr "没有此分支：'%s'"
+
+#: remote.c:1546
+#, c-format
+msgid "no upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr "尚未给分支 '%s' 设置上游"
+
+#: remote.c:1552
+#, c-format
+msgid "upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "上游分支 '%s' 没有存储为一个远程跟踪分支"
+
+#: remote.c:1567
+#, c-format
+msgid "push destination '%s' on remote '%s' has no local tracking branch"
+msgstr "推�目标 '%s' 至远程 '%s' 没有本地跟踪分支"
+
+#: remote.c:1579
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' has no remote for pushing"
+msgstr "分支 '%s' 没有设置�推�的远程�务器"
+
+#: remote.c:1589
+#, c-format
+msgid "push refspecs for '%s' do not include '%s'"
+msgstr "� '%s' 推�引用规格未包� '%s'"
+
+#: remote.c:1602
+msgid "push has no destination (push.default is 'nothing')"
+msgstr "推�无目标（push.default 是 'nothing'）"
+
+#: remote.c:1624
+msgid "cannot resolve 'simple' push to a single destination"
+msgstr "无法解� 'simple' 推�至一个�独的目标"
+
+#: remote.c:1939
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is based on '%s', but the upstream is gone.\n"
 msgstr "您的分支基于 '%s'，但此上游分支已��存在。\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1984
+#: remote.c:1943
 msgid "  (use \"git branch --unset-upstream\" to fixup)\n"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git branch --unset-upstream\" �修�）\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1987
+#: remote.c:1946
 #, c-format
-msgid "Your branch is up-to-date with '%s'.\n"
+msgid "Your branch is up to date with '%s'.\n"
 msgstr "您的分支与上游分支 '%s' 一致。\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1991
+#: remote.c:1950
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch and '%s' refer to different commits.\n"
+msgstr "您的分支和 '%s' 指���的�交。\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1953
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"%s\" for details)\n"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"%s\" 查看详情）\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1957
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
 msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
 msgstr[0] "您的分支领先 '%s' 共 %d 个�交。\n"
 msgstr[1] "您的分支领先 '%s' 共 %d 个�交。\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1997
+#: remote.c:1963
 msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git push\" ��布您的本地�交）\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2000
+#: remote.c:1966
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgid_plural ""
@@ -1095,11 +3286,11 @@ msgstr[0] "您的分支�� '%s' 共 %d 个�交，并且�以快进。\n"
 msgstr[1] "您的分支�� '%s' 共 %d 个�交，并且�以快进。\n"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: remote.c:2008
+#: remote.c:1974
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git pull\" �更新您的本地分支）\n"
 
-#: remote.c:2011
+#: remote.c:1977
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
@@ -1115,40 +3306,100 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "并且分别有 %d 和 %d 处��的�交。\n"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: remote.c:2021
+#: remote.c:1987
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git pull\" ��并远程分支）\n"
 
-#: run-command.c:87
+#: revision.c:2289
+msgid "your current branch appears to be broken"
+msgstr "您的当�分支好�被��"
+
+#: revision.c:2292
+#, c-format
+msgid "your current branch '%s' does not have any commits yet"
+msgstr "您的当�分支 '%s' 尚无任何�交"
+
+#: revision.c:2489
+msgid "--first-parent is incompatible with --bisect"
+msgstr "--first-parent 与 --bisect �兼容"
+
+#: run-command.c:728
 msgid "open /dev/null failed"
 msgstr "�能打开 /dev/null"
 
-#: run-command.c:89
+#: run-command.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The '%s' hook was ignored because it's not set as executable.\n"
+"You can disable this warning with `git config advice.ignoredHook false`."
+msgstr ""
+"因为没有将钩� '%s' 设置为�执行，钩�被忽略。您�以通过\n"
+"�置 `git config advice.ignoredHook false` �关闭这�警告。"
+
+#: send-pack.c:141
+msgid "unexpected flush packet while reading remote unpack status"
+msgstr "读�远程解包状�时收到�外的 flush 包"
+
+#: send-pack.c:143
 #, c-format
-msgid "dup2(%d,%d) failed"
-msgstr "�能调用 dup2(%d,%d)"
+msgid "unable to parse remote unpack status: %s"
+msgstr "�能解�远程解包状�：%s"
 
-#: send-pack.c:268
+#: send-pack.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote unpack failed: %s"
+msgstr "远程解包失败：%s"
+
+#: send-pack.c:308
 msgid "failed to sign the push certificate"
 msgstr "无法为推��书签�"
 
-#: send-pack.c:325
+#: send-pack.c:421
 msgid "the receiving end does not support --signed push"
 msgstr "接收端�支�签�推�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:172 builtin/merge.c:782 builtin/merge.c:893 builtin/merge.c:995
-#: builtin/merge.c:1005
+#: send-pack.c:423
+msgid ""
+"not sending a push certificate since the receiving end does not support --"
+"signed push"
+msgstr "未��推��书，因为接收端�支�签�推�"
+
+#: send-pack.c:435
+msgid "the receiving end does not support --atomic push"
+msgstr "接收端�支�原�推�"
+
+#: send-pack.c:440
+msgid "the receiving end does not support push options"
+msgstr "接收端�支�推�选项"
+
+#: sequencer.c:175
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
-msgstr "�能为写入打开 '%s'"
+msgid "invalid commit message cleanup mode '%s'"
+msgstr "无效的�交信�清�模� '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:174 builtin/merge.c:344 builtin/merge.c:785 builtin/merge.c:997
-#: builtin/merge.c:1010
+#: sequencer.c:275
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
-msgstr "�能写入 '%s'"
+msgid "could not delete '%s'"
+msgstr "无法删除 '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:195
+#: sequencer.c:301
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr "还原"
+
+#: sequencer.c:303
+msgid "cherry-pick"
+msgstr "拣选"
+
+#: sequencer.c:305
+msgid "rebase -i"
+msgstr "rebase -i"
+
+#: sequencer.c:307
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown action: %d"
+msgstr "未知动作：%d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:364
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
@@ -1156,7 +3407,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "冲�解决完毕�，用 'git add <路径>' 或 'git rm <路径>'\n"
 "命令标记修正�的文件"
 
-#: sequencer.c:198
+#: sequencer.c:367
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
@@ -1165,224 +3416,910 @@ msgstr ""
 "冲�解决完毕�，用 'git add <路径>' 或 'git rm <路径>'\n"
 "对修正�的文件�标记，然�用 'git commit' �交"
 
-#: sequencer.c:211 sequencer.c:856 sequencer.c:939
+#: sequencer.c:380 sequencer.c:2468
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lock '%s'"
+msgstr "�能�定 '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:382 sequencer.c:2346 sequencer.c:2472 sequencer.c:2486
+#: sequencer.c:2694 sequencer.c:4336 sequencer.c:4399 wrapper.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr "�能写入 '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:387
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write eol to '%s'"
+msgstr "�能将�行符写入 '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:392 sequencer.c:2351 sequencer.c:2474 sequencer.c:2488
+#: sequencer.c:2702
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not write to %s"
-msgstr "�能写入 %s"
+msgid "failed to finalize '%s'"
+msgstr "无法完� '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:214
+#: sequencer.c:415 sequencer.c:804 sequencer.c:1493 sequencer.c:2371
+#: sequencer.c:2684 sequencer.c:2788 builtin/am.c:259 builtin/commit.c:727
+#: builtin/merge.c:1046
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
-msgstr "错误收尾 %s"
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr "�能读� '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:229
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
-msgstr "您的本地修改将被拣选�作覆盖。"
+#: sequencer.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "your local changes would be overwritten by %s."
+msgstr "您的本地修改将被%s覆盖。"
 
-#: sequencer.c:231
-msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
-msgstr "您的本地修改将被还原�作覆盖。"
+#: sequencer.c:445
+msgid "commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr "�交您的修改或贮���继续。"
 
-#: sequencer.c:234
-msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
-msgstr "�交您的修改或�存进度��继续。"
+#: sequencer.c:474
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: fast-forward"
+msgstr "%s：快进"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
-#: sequencer.c:321
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert", "cherry-pick" or
+#. "rebase -i".
+#.
+#: sequencer.c:563
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "%s：无法写入新索引文件"
 
-#: sequencer.c:339
-msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
-msgstr "�能解� HEAD �交\n"
+#: sequencer.c:579
+msgid "unable to update cache tree"
+msgstr "�能更新缓存树"
+
+#: sequencer.c:592
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD commit"
+msgstr "�能解� HEAD �交"
+
+#: sequencer.c:749
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"you have staged changes in your working tree\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"您的工作区中存在已暂存的修改\n"
+"如果这些修改需�被并入�一个�交，执行：\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"如果这些修改�形�一个新�交，执行：\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"无论哪�情况，当您完��交，继续执行：\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:818
+msgid "writing root commit"
+msgstr "写根�交"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1043
+msgid "'prepare-commit-msg' hook failed"
+msgstr "'prepare-commit-msg' 钩�失败"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1050
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
+"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
+"your configuration file:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"您的姓�和邮件地�基于登录�和主机�进行了自动设置。请检查它们正确\n"
+"与�。您�以对其进行设置以��出现本�示信�。�行如下命令在编辑器\n"
+"中编辑您的�置文件：\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"设置完毕�，您�以用下�的命令�修正本次�交所使用的用户身份：\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1063
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"您的姓�和邮件地�基于登录�和主机�进行了自动设置。请检查它们正确\n"
+"与�。您�以对其进行设置以��出现本�示信�：\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"设置完毕�，您�以用下�的命令�修正本次�交所使用的用户身份：\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1103
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr "无法找到新创建的�交"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1105
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr "�能解�新创建的�交"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1151
+msgid "unable to resolve HEAD after creating commit"
+msgstr "创建�交�，�能解� HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1153
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr "分离头指针"
+
+#  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
+#: sequencer.c:1157
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr "（根�交）"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1178
+msgid "could not parse HEAD"
+msgstr "�能解� HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1180
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "HEAD %s �是一个�交�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1184 builtin/commit.c:1528
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr "�能解� HEAD �交"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1235 sequencer.c:1832
+msgid "unable to parse commit author"
+msgstr "�能解��交作者"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1245 builtin/am.c:1630 builtin/merge.c:645
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr "git write-tree 无法写入树对象"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1262 sequencer.c:1317
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read commit message from '%s'"
+msgstr "�能从 '%s' 读��交说明"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1284 builtin/am.c:1650 builtin/commit.c:1631 builtin/merge.c:825
+#: builtin/merge.c:850
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr "无法写�交对象"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1344
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit %s"
+msgstr "�能解��交 %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1349
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr "�能解�父�交 %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1500 sequencer.c:1525
+#, c-format
+msgid "This is a combination of %d commits."
+msgstr "这是一个 %d 个�交的组�。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1510 sequencer.c:4355
+msgid "need a HEAD to fixup"
+msgstr "需�一个 HEAD �修�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1512 sequencer.c:2729
+msgid "could not read HEAD"
+msgstr "�能读� HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1514
+msgid "could not read HEAD's commit message"
+msgstr "�能读� HEAD 的�交说明"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1520
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write '%s'"
+msgstr "�能写 '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1527 git-rebase--interactive.sh:457
+msgid "This is the 1st commit message:"
+msgstr "这是第一个�交说明："
+
+#: sequencer.c:1535
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message of %s"
+msgstr "�能读� %s 的�交说明"
 
-#: sequencer.c:359
-msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
-msgstr "�能更新缓存\n"
+#: sequencer.c:1542
+#, c-format
+msgid "This is the commit message #%d:"
+msgstr "这是�交说明 #%d："
 
-#: sequencer.c:406
+#: sequencer.c:1548
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
-msgstr "�能解��交 %s\n"
+msgid "The commit message #%d will be skipped:"
+msgstr "�交说明 #%d 将被跳过："
 
-#: sequencer.c:411
+#: sequencer.c:1553
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
-msgstr "�能解�父�交 %s\n"
+msgid "unknown command: %d"
+msgstr "未知命令：%d"
 
-#: sequencer.c:477
-msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
+#: sequencer.c:1631
+msgid "your index file is unmerged."
 msgstr "您的索引文件未完��并。"
 
-#: sequencer.c:496
+#: sequencer.c:1638
+msgid "cannot fixup root commit"
+msgstr "�能修�根�交"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1657
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgid "commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
 msgstr "�交 %s 是一个�并�交但未�供 -m 选项。"
 
-#: sequencer.c:504
+#: sequencer.c:1665
+#, c-format
+msgid "commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr "�交 %s 没有第 %d 个父�交"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1669
 #, c-format
-msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
-msgstr "�交 %s 没有父�交 %d"
+msgid "mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgstr "指定了主线，但是�交 %s �是一个�并�交。"
 
-#: sequencer.c:508
+#: sequencer.c:1675
 #, c-format
-msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
-msgstr "指定了主线但�交 %s �是一个�并。"
+msgid "cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr "�能得到 %s 的�交说明"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
-#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
-#: sequencer.c:521
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be a "todo" command like
+#. "revert" or "pick", the second %s a SHA1.
+#: sequencer.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
 msgstr "%s：�能解�父�交 %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:525
+#: sequencer.c:1759
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
-msgstr "�能得到 %s 的�交说明"
+msgid "could not rename '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "�能将 '%s' �命�为 '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:611
+#: sequencer.c:1813
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
 msgstr "�能还原 %s... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:612
+#: sequencer.c:1814
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
 msgstr "�能应用 %s... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:648
+#: sequencer.c:1864
 msgid "empty commit set passed"
 msgstr "�供了空的�交集"
 
-#: sequencer.c:656
+#: sequencer.c:1874
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
 msgstr "git %s：无法读�索引"
 
-#: sequencer.c:660
+#: sequencer.c:1881
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
 msgstr "git %s：无法刷新索引"
 
-#: sequencer.c:720
+#: sequencer.c:1961
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
-msgstr "无法 %s 在一个 %s 过程中"
+msgid "%s does not accept arguments: '%s'"
+msgstr "%s �接��数：'%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:742
+#: sequencer.c:1970
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse line %d."
-msgstr "�能解�第 %d 行。"
+msgid "missing arguments for %s"
+msgstr "缺少 %s 的�数"
 
-#: sequencer.c:747
-msgid "No commits parsed."
-msgstr "没有�交被解�。"
+#: sequencer.c:2029
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "无效行 %d：%.*s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:760
+#: sequencer.c:2037
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not open %s"
-msgstr "�能打开 %s"
+msgid "cannot '%s' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "没有父�交的情况下�能 '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:764
+#: sequencer.c:2085 sequencer.c:4138 sequencer.c:4173
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not read %s."
-msgstr "�能读� %s。"
+msgid "could not read '%s'."
+msgstr "�能读� '%s'。"
 
-#: sequencer.c:771
+#: sequencer.c:2108
+msgid "please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "请用 'git rebase --edit-todo' �修改。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2110
 #, c-format
-msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
-msgstr "无用的指令表�：%s"
+msgid "unusable instruction sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "��用的指令清�：'%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2115
+msgid "no commits parsed."
+msgstr "没有解��交。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2126
+msgid "cannot cherry-pick during a revert."
+msgstr "�能在回退中执行拣选。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2128
+msgid "cannot revert during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr "�能在拣选中执行回退。"
 
-#: sequencer.c:801
+#: sequencer.c:2195
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid key: %s"
+msgid "invalid key: %s"
 msgstr "无效键�：%s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:804
+#: sequencer.c:2198
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgid "invalid value for %s: %s"
 msgstr "%s 的值无效：%s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:816
+#: sequencer.c:2269
+msgid "unusable squash-onto"
+msgstr "��用的 squash-onto"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2285
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
-msgstr "�法的选项表�：%s"
+msgid "malformed options sheet: '%s'"
+msgstr "格�错误的选项清�：'%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:837
+#: sequencer.c:2323
 msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
 msgstr "一个拣选或还原�作已在进行"
 
-#: sequencer.c:838
+#: sequencer.c:2324
 msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 msgstr "�试 \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:842
+#: sequencer.c:2327
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
-msgstr "�能创建�列目录 %s"
+msgid "could not create sequencer directory '%s'"
+msgstr "�能创建�列目录 '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:858 sequencer.c:943
-#, c-format
-msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
-msgstr "错误收尾 %s。"
+#: sequencer.c:2341
+msgid "could not lock HEAD"
+msgstr "�能�定 HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:877 sequencer.c:1013
+#: sequencer.c:2396 sequencer.c:3403
 msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
 msgstr "拣选或还原�作并未进行"
 
-#: sequencer.c:879
+#: sequencer.c:2398
 msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
 msgstr "�能解� HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:881
+#: sequencer.c:2400 sequencer.c:2435
 msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr "�能从尚未建立的分支终止"
 
-#: sequencer.c:903 builtin/apply.c:4128
+#: sequencer.c:2421 builtin/grep.c:720
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
-msgstr "�能打开 %s：%s"
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr "�能打开 '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:906
+#: sequencer.c:2423
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
-msgstr "�能读� %s：%s"
+msgid "cannot read '%s': %s"
+msgstr "�能读� '%s'：%s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:907
+#: sequencer.c:2424
 msgid "unexpected end of file"
 msgstr "�外的文件结�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:913
+#: sequencer.c:2430
 #, c-format
 msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
 msgstr "�存拣选�交�的 HEAD 文件 '%s' ��"
 
-#: sequencer.c:936
+#: sequencer.c:2441
+msgid "You seem to have moved HEAD. Not rewinding, check your HEAD!"
+msgstr "您好�移动了 HEAD。未能回退，检查您的 HEAD�"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2545 sequencer.c:3321
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update %s"
+msgstr "�能更新 %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2583 sequencer.c:3301
+msgid "cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "�能读� HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2618 sequencer.c:2622 builtin/difftool.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "�能拷� '%s' 至 '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2641
+msgid "could not read index"
+msgstr "�能读�索引"
+
+#  译者：注����导空格
+#: sequencer.c:2646
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution failed: %s\n"
+"%sYou can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"执行失败：%s\n"
+"%s您�以改正该问题，然��行\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2652
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+msgstr "并且修改索引和/或工作区\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2658
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"execution succeeded: %s\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"执行�功：%s\n"
+"但是在索引和/或工作区中存在�更\n"
+"�交或贮�修改，然��行\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2771
+msgid "writing fake root commit"
+msgstr "写伪根�交"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2776
+msgid "writing squash-onto"
+msgstr "写入 squash-onto"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2811
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to find tree of %s"
+msgstr "无法找到 %s 指�的树。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2829
+msgid "could not write index"
+msgstr "�能写入索引"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2861
+msgid "cannot merge without a current revision"
+msgstr "没有当�版本�能�并"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2884
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not format %s."
-msgstr "�能格�化 %s。"
+msgid "could not resolve '%s'"
+msgstr "无法解� '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1081
+#: sequencer.c:2906
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get commit message of '%s'"
+msgstr "�能获� '%s' 的�交说明"
+
+#: sequencer.c:2916 sequencer.c:2941
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write '%s'"
+msgstr "�能写入 '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3005
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not even attempt to merge '%.*s'"
+msgstr "甚至�能�试�并 '%.*s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3021
+msgid "merge: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "�并：无法写入新索引文件"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3088
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied autostash.\n"
+msgstr "已应用 autostash。\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3100
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot store %s"
+msgstr "�能存储 %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3103 git-rebase.sh:188
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
+"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
+"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"应用 autostash 导致冲�。\n"
+"您的修改安全地�存在贮�区中。\n"
+"您�以在任何时候�行 \"git stash pop\" 或 \"git stash drop\"。\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not execute the todo command\n"
+"\n"
+"    %.*s\n"
+"It has been rescheduled; To edit the command before continuing, please\n"
+"edit the todo list first:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --edit-todo\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"无法执行待办命令\n"
+"\n"
+"    %.*s\n"
+"已被�新安排，在继续之�编辑命令，请先编辑待办列表：\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --edit-todo\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3202
+#, c-format
+msgid "Stopped at %s...  %.*s\n"
+msgstr "�止在 %s... %.*s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3264
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown command %d"
+msgstr "未知命令 %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3309
+msgid "could not read orig-head"
+msgstr "�能读� orig-head"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3314 sequencer.c:4352
+msgid "could not read 'onto'"
+msgstr "�能读� 'onto'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3328
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not update HEAD to %s"
+msgstr "�能更新 HEAD 为 %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3414
+msgid "cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "�能�基：您有未暂存的�更。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3423
+msgid "cannot amend non-existing commit"
+msgstr "�能修补�存在的�交"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3425
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid file: '%s'"
+msgstr "无效文件：'%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3427
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid contents: '%s'"
+msgstr "无效内容：'%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3430
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please, commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"您的工作区中有未�交的�更。请先�交然��次�行 'git rebase --continue'。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3455 sequencer.c:3493
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write file: '%s'"
+msgstr "�能写入文件：'%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3508
+msgid "could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "�能删除 CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3515
+msgid "could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "�能�交暂存的修改。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:3612
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"
 msgstr "%s：�能拣选一个%s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1084
+#: sequencer.c:3616
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: bad revision"
 msgstr "%s：错误的版本"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1118
-msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
-msgstr "�能作为�始�交还原"
+#: sequencer.c:3649
+msgid "can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr "�能作为�始�交回退"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4098
+msgid "make_script: unhandled options"
+msgstr "make_script：有未能处�的选项"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4101
+msgid "make_script: error preparing revisions"
+msgstr "make_script：准备版本时错误"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4142 sequencer.c:4177
+#, c-format
+msgid "unusable todo list: '%s'"
+msgstr "��用的待办列表：'%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4236
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unrecognized setting %s for option rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Ignoring."
+msgstr "选项 rebase.missingCommitsCheck 的值 %s 无法识别。已忽略。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4302
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: some commits may have been dropped accidentally.\n"
+"Dropped commits (newer to older):\n"
+msgstr ""
+"警告：一些�交�能被�外丢弃。\n"
+"丢弃的�交（从新到旧）：\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4309
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"To avoid this message, use \"drop\" to explicitly remove a commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"Use 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' to change the level of "
+"warnings.\n"
+"The possible behaviours are: ignore, warn, error.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"为��这�信�，使用 \"drop\" 指令显�地删除一个�交。\n"
+"\n"
+"使用 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' �修改警告级别。\n"
+"�选值有：ignore�warn�error。\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4321
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You can fix this with 'git rebase --edit-todo' and then run 'git rebase --"
+"continue'.\n"
+"Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"您�以用 'git rebase --edit-todo' 修正，然�执行 'git rebase --continue'。\n"
+"或者您�以用 'git rebase --abort' 终止�基。\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4375
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse commit '%s'"
+msgstr "�能解��交 '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:4490
+msgid "the script was already rearranged."
+msgstr "脚本已��新编排。"
+
+#: setup.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is outside repository"
+msgstr "'%s' 在仓库之外"
+
+#: setup.c:172
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s: no such path in the working tree.\n"
+"Use 'git <command> -- <path>...' to specify paths that do not exist locally."
+msgstr ""
+"%s：工作区中无此路径。\n"
+"使用命令 'git <命令> -- <路径>...' �指定本地�存在的路径。"
+
+#: setup.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"有歧义的�数 '%s'：未知的版本或路径�存在于工作区中。\n"
+"使用 '--' �分隔版本和路径，例如：\n"
+"'git <命令> [<版本>...] -- [<文件>...]'"
+
+#: setup.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "option '%s' must come before non-option arguments"
+msgstr "选项 '%s' 必须在其他�选项�数之�"
+
+#: setup.c:253
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
+"Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+"'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"
+msgstr ""
+"有歧义的�数 '%s'：��时是版本和文件\n"
+"使用 '--' �分隔版本和路径，例如：\n"
+"'git <命令> [<版本>...] -- [<文件>...]'"
+
+#: setup.c:389
+msgid "unable to set up work tree using invalid config"
+msgstr "无法使用无效�置�创建工作区"
+
+#: setup.c:393
+msgid "this operation must be run in a work tree"
+msgstr "该�作必须在一个工作区中�行"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1119
-msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
-msgstr "�能拣选到空分支"
+#: setup.c:503
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d"
+msgstr "期望 git 仓库版本 <= %d，�得到 %d"
+
+#: setup.c:511
+msgid "unknown repository extensions found:"
+msgstr "�现未知的仓库扩展："
+
+#: setup.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "error opening '%s'"
+msgstr "无法打开 '%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "too large to be a .git file: '%s'"
+msgstr "文件太大，无法作为 .git 文件：'%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:534
+#, c-format
+msgid "error reading %s"
+msgstr "无法读� %s"
+
+#: setup.c:536
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid gitfile format: %s"
+msgstr "无效的 gitfile 格�：%s"
+
+#: setup.c:538
+#, c-format
+msgid "no path in gitfile: %s"
+msgstr "在 gitfile 中没有路径：%s"
+
+#: setup.c:540
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: %s"
+msgstr "�是一个 git 仓库：%s"
+
+#: setup.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "'$%s' too big"
+msgstr "'$%s' 太大"
+
+#: setup.c:653
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository: '%s'"
+msgstr "�是一个 git 仓库：'%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:682 setup.c:684 setup.c:715
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to '%s'"
+msgstr "�能切�目录到 '%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:687 setup.c:743 setup.c:753 setup.c:792 setup.c:800 setup.c:815
+msgid "cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr "无法返回当�工作目录"
+
+#: setup.c:813
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): %s"
+msgstr "�是一个 git 仓库（或者任何父目录）：%s"
+
+#: setup.c:824
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%*s%s%s'"
+msgstr "无法获� '%*s%s%s' 状�（stat）"
+
+#: setup.c:1054
+msgid "Unable to read current working directory"
+msgstr "�能读�当�工作目录"
+
+#: setup.c:1066 setup.c:1072
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot change to '%s'"
+msgstr "�能切�到 '%s'"
+
+#: setup.c:1085
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not a git repository (or any parent up to mount point %s)\n"
+"Stopping at filesystem boundary (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM not set)."
+msgstr ""
+"�是一个 git 仓库（或者直至挂载点 %s 的任何父目录）\n"
+"�止在文件系统边界（未设置 GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM）。"
+
+#: setup.c:1168
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"problem with core.sharedRepository filemode value (0%.3o).\n"
+"The owner of files must always have read and write permissions."
+msgstr ""
+"�数 core.sharedRepository 的文件属性值有问题（0%.3o）。\n"
+"文件属主必须始终拥有读写��。"
+
+#: setup.c:1211
+msgid "open /dev/null or dup failed"
+msgstr "�能打开或者�制 /dev/null"
+
+#: setup.c:1226
+msgid "fork failed"
+msgstr "fork 失败"
+
+#: setup.c:1231
+msgid "setsid failed"
+msgstr "setsid 失败"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:625
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "路径 '%s' �存在"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:651
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' as a linked checkout is not supported yet."
+msgstr "尚�支�将�考仓库 '%s' 作为一个链接检出。"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:657
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
+msgstr "�考仓库 '%s' �是一个本地仓库。"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:440
+#: sha1-file.c:663
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
+msgstr "�考仓库 '%s' 是一个浅克隆"
+
+#: sha1-file.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
+msgstr "�考仓库 '%s' 已被移�"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:442
+#, c-format
+msgid "short SHA1 %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "短 SHA1 %s 存在歧义"
+
+#: sha1-name.c:453
+msgid "The candidates are:"
+msgstr "候选者有："
+
+#: sha1-name.c:695
 msgid ""
 "Git normally never creates a ref that ends with 40 hex characters\n"
 "because it will be ignored when you just specify 40-hex. These refs\n"
@@ -1403,497 +4340,959 @@ msgstr ""
 "�能需�删除它们。用 \"git config advice.objectNameWarning false\"\n"
 "命令关闭本消�通知。"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1068
-msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
-msgstr "HEAD 没有指�一个分支"
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1071
-#, c-format
-msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
-msgstr "没有此分支：'%s'"
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1073
-#, c-format
-msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
-msgstr "尚未给分支 '%s' 设置上游"
-
-#: sha1_name.c:1077
-#, c-format
-msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
-msgstr "上游分支 '%s' 没有存储为一个远程跟踪分支"
-
-#: submodule.c:64 submodule.c:98
+#: submodule.c:97 submodule.c:131
 msgid "Cannot change unmerged .gitmodules, resolve merge conflicts first"
 msgstr "无法修改未�并的 .gitmodules，先解决�并冲�"
 
-#: submodule.c:68 submodule.c:102
+#: submodule.c:101 submodule.c:135
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find section in .gitmodules where path=%s"
 msgstr "无法在 .gitmodules 中找到 path=%s 的�节"
 
-#: submodule.c:76
+#: submodule.c:109
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not update .gitmodules entry %s"
 msgstr "�能更新 .gitmodules �目 %s"
 
-#: submodule.c:109
+#: submodule.c:142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not remove .gitmodules entry for %s"
 msgstr "无法移除 %s 的 .gitmodules �目"
 
-#: submodule.c:120
+#: submodule.c:153
 msgid "staging updated .gitmodules failed"
 msgstr "将更新� .gitmodules 添加暂存区失败"
 
-#: submodule.c:1111 builtin/init-db.c:371
+#: submodule.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "in unpopulated submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "�于未检出的�模组 '%s'"
+
+#: submodule.c:346
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "路径规格 '%s' 在�模组 '%.*s' 中"
+
+#: submodule.c:837
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule entry '%s' (%s) is a %s, not a commit"
+msgstr "�模组�目 '%s'（%s）是一个 %s，�是一个�交"
+
+#: submodule.c:1069 builtin/branch.c:651 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1743
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr "无法将 HEAD 解�为有效引用。"
+
+#: submodule.c:1375
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' not recognized as a git repository"
+msgstr "无法将 '%s' 识别为一个 git 仓库"
+
+#: submodule.c:1513
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not start 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "无法在�模组 '%s' 中�动 'git status'"
+
+#: submodule.c:1526
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not run 'git status' in submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "无法在�模组 '%s' 中执行 'git status'"
+
+#: submodule.c:1619
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' has dirty index"
+msgstr "�模组 '%s' 中有�索引"
+
+#: submodule.c:1718
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"relocate_gitdir for submodule '%s' with more than one worktree not supported"
+msgstr "�支�对有多个工作区的�模组 '%s' 执行 relocate_gitdir"
+
+#: submodule.c:1730 submodule.c:1786
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup name for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "�能查询�模组 '%s' 的�称"
+
+#: submodule.c:1734 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1261
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "�能创建目录 '%s'"
+
+#: submodule.c:1737
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Migrating git directory of '%s%s' from\n"
+"'%s' to\n"
+"'%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"将 '%s%s' 的 git 目录从\n"
+"'%s' �移至\n"
+"'%s'\n"
+
+#: submodule.c:1821
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "无法递归进�模组路径 '%s'"
+
+#: submodule.c:1865
+msgid "could not start ls-files in .."
+msgstr "无法在 .. 中�动 ls-files"
+
+#: submodule.c:1904
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not create git link %s"
-msgstr "�能创建 git link %s"
+msgid "ls-tree returned unexpected return code %d"
+msgstr "ls-tree 返回未知返回值 %d"
 
-#: submodule.c:1122
+#: submodule-config.c:230
 #, c-format
-msgid "Could not set core.worktree in %s"
-msgstr "�能在 %s 中设置 core.worktree"
+msgid "ignoring suspicious submodule name: %s"
+msgstr "忽略�疑的�模组�称：%s"
 
-#: trailer.c:500 trailer.c:504 trailer.c:508 trailer.c:562 trailer.c:566
-#: trailer.c:570
+#: submodule-config.c:294
+msgid "negative values not allowed for submodule.fetchjobs"
+msgstr "submodule.fetchjobs ��许为负值"
+
+#: submodule-config.c:467
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid value for %s"
+msgstr "%s 的值无效"
+
+#: trailer.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "running trailer command '%s' failed"
+msgstr "执行 trailer 命令 '%s' 失败"
+
+#: trailer.c:485 trailer.c:490 trailer.c:495 trailer.c:549 trailer.c:553
+#: trailer.c:557
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"
 msgstr "键 '%2$s' 的未知�值 '%1$s'"
 
-#: trailer.c:552 trailer.c:557 builtin/remote.c:290
+#: trailer.c:539 trailer.c:544 builtin/remote.c:293
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than one %s"
 msgstr "多于一个 %s"
 
-#: trailer.c:590
+#: trailer.c:730
 #, c-format
 msgid "empty trailer token in trailer '%.*s'"
 msgstr "签� '%.*s' 的键为空"
 
-#: trailer.c:710
+#: trailer.c:750
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read input file '%s'"
 msgstr "�能读�输入文件 '%s'"
 
-#: trailer.c:713
+#: trailer.c:753
 msgid "could not read from stdin"
 msgstr "�能自标准输入读�"
 
-#: unpack-trees.c:202
+#: trailer.c:1008 builtin/am.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not stat %s"
+msgstr "�能对 %s 调用 stat"
+
+#: trailer.c:1010
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not a regular file"
+msgstr "文件 %s �是一个正规文件"
+
+#: trailer.c:1012
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s is not writable by user"
+msgstr "文件 %s 用户��写"
+
+#: trailer.c:1024
+msgid "could not open temporary file"
+msgstr "�能打开临时文件"
+
+#: trailer.c:1064
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not rename temporary file to %s"
+msgstr "�能�命�临时文件为 %s"
+
+#: transport.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would set upstream of '%s' to '%s' of '%s'\n"
+msgstr "将�设置 '%1$s' 的上游为 '%3$s' 的 '%2$s'\n"
+
+#: transport.c:208
+#, c-format
+msgid "transport: invalid depth option '%s'"
+msgstr "传输：无效的深度选项 '%s'"
+
+#: transport.c:584
+msgid "could not parse transport.color.* config"
+msgstr "�能解� transport.color.* �置"
+
+#: transport.c:996
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following submodule paths contain changes that can\n"
+"not be found on any remote:\n"
+msgstr "下列�模组路径所包�的修改在任何远程�中都找�到：\n"
+
+#: transport.c:1000
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Please try\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"or cd to the path and use\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"to push them to a remote.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"请�试\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n"
+"\n"
+"或者进入到�目录执行\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit push\n"
+"\n"
+"以推�至远程。\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: transport.c:1008
+msgid "Aborting."
+msgstr "正在终止。"
+
+#: transport-helper.c:1087
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read ref %s"
+msgstr "�能读�引用 %s"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:31
+msgid "too-short tree object"
+msgstr "太短的树对象"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:37
+msgid "malformed mode in tree entry"
+msgstr "树对象中的�目模�错误"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:41
+msgid "empty filename in tree entry"
+msgstr "树对象�目中空的文件�"
+
+#: tree-walk.c:113
+msgid "too-short tree file"
+msgstr "太短的树文件"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"您对下列文件的本地修改将被检出�作覆盖：\n"
+"%%s请在切�分支��交或贮�您的修改。"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:113
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"您对下列文件的本地修改将被检出�作覆盖：\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"您对下列文件的本地修改将被�并�作覆盖：\n"
+"%%s请在�并��交或贮�您的修改。"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"您对下列文件的本地修改将被�并�作覆盖：\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease commit your changes or stash them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"您对下列文件的本地修改将被 %s 覆盖：\n"
+"%%s请在 %s 之��交或贮�您的修改。"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:123
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"您对下列文件的本地修改将被 %s 覆盖：\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Updating the following directories would lose untracked files in them:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"更新如下目录将会丢失其中未跟踪的文件：\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:132
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"工作区中下列未跟踪的文件将会因为检出�作而被删除：\n"
+"%%s请在切�分支之�移动或删除。"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"工作区中下列未跟踪的文件将会因为检出�作而被删除：\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"工作区中下列未跟踪的文件将会因为�并�作而被删除：\n"
+"%%s请在�并�移动或删除。"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"工作区中下列未跟踪的文件将会因为�并�作而被删除：\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:142
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"工作区中下列未跟踪的文件将会因为 %s �作而被删除：\n"
+"%%s请在 %s �移动或删除。"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:144
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"工作区中下列未跟踪的文件将会因为 %s �作而被删除：\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:150
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you switch branches."
+msgstr ""
+"工作区中下列未跟踪的文件将会因为检出�作而被覆盖：\n"
+"%%s请在切�分支�移动或删除。"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by "
+"checkout:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"工作区中下列未跟踪的文件将会因为检出�作而被覆盖：\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:155
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you merge."
+msgstr ""
+"工作区中下列未跟踪的文件将会因为�并�作而被覆盖：\n"
+"%%s请在�并�移动或删除。"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"工作区中下列未跟踪的文件将会因为�并�作而被覆盖：\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:160
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%sPlease move or remove them before you %s."
+msgstr ""
+"工作区中下列未跟踪的文件将会因为 %s �作而被覆盖：\n"
+"%%s请在 %s �移动或删除。"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:162
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n"
+"%%s"
+msgstr ""
+"工作区中下列未跟踪的文件将会因为 %s �作而被覆盖：\n"
+"%%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid "Entry '%s' overlaps with '%s'.  Cannot bind."
+msgstr "�目 '%s' 和 '%s' ��。无法�并。"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update sparse checkout: the following entries are not up to date:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"无法更新稀�检出：如下�目�是最新：\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:175
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be overwritten by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"工作区中下列文件将被稀�检出更新所覆盖：\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The following working tree files would be removed by sparse checkout "
+"update:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"工作区中下列文件将被稀�检出更新所删除：\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update submodule:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"无法更新�模组：\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting\n"
+msgstr "终止中\n"
+
+#: unpack-trees.c:344
 msgid "Checking out files"
 msgstr "正在检出文件"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:120
+#: urlmatch.c:163
 msgid "invalid URL scheme name or missing '://' suffix"
 msgstr "无效的 URL 方案�称或丢失 '://' �缀"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:144 urlmatch.c:297 urlmatch.c:356
+#: urlmatch.c:187 urlmatch.c:346 urlmatch.c:405
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %XX escape sequence"
 msgstr "无效的 %XX 转义�列"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:172
+#: urlmatch.c:215
 msgid "missing host and scheme is not 'file:'"
-msgstr "缺失主机�且URL方案�是 'file:'"
+msgstr "缺失主机�且 URL 方案�是 'file:'"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:189
+#: urlmatch.c:232
 msgid "a 'file:' URL may not have a port number"
 msgstr "一个 'file:' URL �应该包�端��"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:199
+#: urlmatch.c:247
 msgid "invalid characters in host name"
 msgstr "主机�中包�无效的字符"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:244 urlmatch.c:255
+#: urlmatch.c:292 urlmatch.c:303
 msgid "invalid port number"
 msgstr "无效的端��"
 
-#: urlmatch.c:322
+#: urlmatch.c:371
 msgid "invalid '..' path segment"
 msgstr "无效的 '..' 路径片段"
 
-#: wrapper.c:509
+#: worktree.c:245 builtin/am.c:2147
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
-msgstr "�能访问 '%s'：%s"
+msgid "failed to read '%s'"
+msgstr "无法读� '%s'"
 
-#: wrapper.c:530
+#: worktree.c:291
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to access '%s'"
-msgstr "�能访问 '%s'"
+msgid "'%s' at main working tree is not the repository directory"
+msgstr "在主工作区的 '%s' �是仓库目录"
+
+#: worktree.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' file does not contain absolute path to the working tree location"
+msgstr "文件 '%s' �包�工作区的�对路径"
+
+#: worktree.c:314
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "'%s' �存在"
+
+#: worktree.c:320
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a .git file, error code %d"
+msgstr "'%s' �是一个 .git 文件，错误� %d"
 
-#: wrapper.c:541
+#: worktree.c:328
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
-msgstr "无法在�令文件中查询到当�用户：%s"
+msgid "'%s' does not point back to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 没有指回到 '%s'"
 
-#: wrapper.c:542
-msgid "no such user"
-msgstr "无此用户"
+#: wrapper.c:223 wrapper.c:393
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading and writing"
+msgstr "无法打开 '%s' 进行读写"
+
+#: wrapper.c:227 wrapper.c:397 builtin/am.c:320 builtin/am.c:770
+#: builtin/am.c:862 builtin/merge.c:1043
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr "无法打开 '%s' 进行读�"
+
+#: wrapper.c:424 wrapper.c:624
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s'"
+msgstr "�能访问 '%s'"
 
-#: wrapper.c:550
+#: wrapper.c:632
 msgid "unable to get current working directory"
 msgstr "�能获�当�工作目录"
 
-#: wt-status.c:150
+#: wt-status.c:154
 msgid "Unmerged paths:"
 msgstr "未�并的路径："
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:177 wt-status.c:204
+#: wt-status.c:181 wt-status.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
-msgstr "  （使用 \"git reset %s <文件>...\" 撤出暂存区）"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git reset %s <文件>...\" 以�消暂存）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:179 wt-status.c:206
+#: wt-status.c:183 wt-status.c:210
 msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
-msgstr "  （使用 \"git rm --cached <文件>...\" 撤出暂存区）"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git rm --cached <文件>...\" 以�消暂存）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:183
+#: wt-status.c:187
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git add <文件>...\" 标记解决方案）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:185 wt-status.c:189
+#: wt-status.c:189 wt-status.c:193
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
 msgstr "  （酌情使用 \"git add/rm <文件>...\" 标记解决方案）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:187
+#: wt-status.c:191
 msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git rm <文件>...\" 标记解决方案）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:198
+#: wt-status.c:202 wt-status.c:1015
 msgid "Changes to be committed:"
 msgstr "��交的�更："
 
-#: wt-status.c:216
+#: wt-status.c:220 wt-status.c:1024
 msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
 msgstr "尚未暂存以备�交的�更："
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:220
+#: wt-status.c:224
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git add <文件>...\" 更新��交的内容）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:222
+#: wt-status.c:226
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git add/rm <文件>...\" 更新��交的内容）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:223
+#: wt-status.c:227
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git checkout -- <文件>...\" 丢弃工作区的改动）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:225
+#: wt-status.c:229
 msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
 msgstr "  （�交或丢弃�模组中未跟踪或修改的内容）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:237
+#: wt-status.c:241
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git %s <文件>...\" 以包���交的内容）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:252
+#: wt-status.c:256
 msgid "both deleted:"
 msgstr "�方删除："
 
-#: wt-status.c:254
+#: wt-status.c:258
 msgid "added by us:"
 msgstr "由我们添加："
 
-#: wt-status.c:256
+#: wt-status.c:260
 msgid "deleted by them:"
 msgstr "由他们删除："
 
-#: wt-status.c:258
+#: wt-status.c:262
 msgid "added by them:"
 msgstr "由他们添加："
 
-#: wt-status.c:260
+#: wt-status.c:264
 msgid "deleted by us:"
 msgstr "由我们删除："
 
-#: wt-status.c:262
+#: wt-status.c:266
 msgid "both added:"
 msgstr "�方添加："
 
-#: wt-status.c:264
+#: wt-status.c:268
 msgid "both modified:"
 msgstr "�方修改："
 
-#: wt-status.c:266
-#, c-format
-msgid "bug: unhandled unmerged status %x"
-msgstr "bug：无法处�的未�并状� %x"
-
-#: wt-status.c:274
+#: wt-status.c:278
 msgid "new file:"
 msgstr "新文件："
 
-#: wt-status.c:276
+#: wt-status.c:280
 msgid "copied:"
 msgstr "拷�："
 
-#: wt-status.c:278
+#: wt-status.c:282
 msgid "deleted:"
 msgstr "删除："
 
-#: wt-status.c:280
+#: wt-status.c:284
 msgid "modified:"
 msgstr "修改："
 
-#: wt-status.c:282
+#: wt-status.c:286
 msgid "renamed:"
 msgstr "�命�："
 
-#: wt-status.c:284
+#: wt-status.c:288
 msgid "typechange:"
 msgstr "类型�更："
 
-#: wt-status.c:286
+#: wt-status.c:290
 msgid "unknown:"
 msgstr "未知："
 
-#: wt-status.c:288
+#: wt-status.c:292
 msgid "unmerged:"
 msgstr "未�并："
 
 #  译者：末尾两个字节�能被删�，如果翻译为中文标点会出现�个汉字
-#: wt-status.c:370
+#: wt-status.c:372
 msgid "new commits, "
 msgstr "新�交, "
 
 #  译者：末尾两个字节�能被删�，如果翻译为中文标点会出现�个汉字
-#: wt-status.c:372
+#: wt-status.c:374
 msgid "modified content, "
 msgstr "修改的内容, "
 
 #  译者：末尾两个字节�能被删�，如果翻译为中文标点会出现�个汉字
-#: wt-status.c:374
+#: wt-status.c:376
 msgid "untracked content, "
 msgstr "未跟踪的内容, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:391
+#: wt-status.c:853
 #, c-format
-msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
-msgstr "bug：无法处�的差异状� %c"
+msgid "Your stash currently has %d entry"
+msgid_plural "Your stash currently has %d entries"
+msgstr[0] "您的贮�区当�有 %d �记录"
+msgstr[1] "您的贮�区当�有 %d �记录"
 
-#: wt-status.c:758
+#: wt-status.c:885
 msgid "Submodules changed but not updated:"
 msgstr "�模组已修改但尚未更新："
 
-#: wt-status.c:760
+#: wt-status.c:887
 msgid "Submodule changes to be committed:"
 msgstr "��交的�模组�更："
 
-#: wt-status.c:839
+#: wt-status.c:969
 msgid ""
-"Do not touch the line above.\n"
-"Everything below will be removed."
+"Do not modify or remove the line above.\n"
+"Everything below it will be ignored."
 msgstr ""
-"��改动上�的一行。\n"
-"下�的所有内容�将被删除。"
+"��改动或删除上�的一行。\n"
+"其下所有内容都将被忽略。"
 
-#: wt-status.c:930
+#: wt-status.c:1084
 msgid "You have unmerged paths."
 msgstr "您有尚未�并的路径。"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:933
+#: wt-status.c:1087
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
 msgstr "  （解决冲�并�行 \"git commit\"）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:936
+#  译者：注����导空格
+#: wt-status.c:1089
+msgid "  (use \"git merge --abort\" to abort the merge)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git merge --abort\" 终止�并）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1094
 msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
 msgstr "所有冲�已解决但您�处于�并中。"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:939
+#: wt-status.c:1097
 msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git commit\" 结��并）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:949
+#: wt-status.c:1107
 msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
 msgstr "您正处于 am �作过程中。"
 
-#: wt-status.c:952
+#: wt-status.c:1110
 msgid "The current patch is empty."
 msgstr "当�的补�为空。"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:956
+#: wt-status.c:1114
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --continue\")"
 msgstr "  （解决冲�，然��行 \"git am --continue\"）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:958
+#: wt-status.c:1116
 msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git am --skip\" 跳过此补�）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:960
+#: wt-status.c:1118
 msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git am --abort\" ��原有分支）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1020 wt-status.c:1037
+#: wt-status.c:1250
+msgid "git-rebase-todo is missing."
+msgstr "git-rebase-todo 丢失。"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1252
+msgid "No commands done."
+msgstr "没有命令被执行。"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1255
+#, c-format
+msgid "Last command done (%d command done):"
+msgid_plural "Last commands done (%d commands done):"
+msgstr[0] "最�一�命令已完�（%d �命令被执行）："
+msgstr[1] "最�的命令已完�（%d �命令被执行）："
+
+#: wt-status.c:1266
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (see more in file %s)"
+msgstr "  （更多��文件 %s）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1271
+msgid "No commands remaining."
+msgstr "未剩下任何命令。"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "Next command to do (%d remaining command):"
+msgid_plural "Next commands to do (%d remaining commands):"
+msgstr[0] "接下��执行的命令（剩余 %d �命令）："
+msgstr[1] "接下��执行的命令（剩余 %d �命令）："
+
+#  译者：注����导空格
+#: wt-status.c:1282
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --edit-todo\" to view and edit)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git rebase --edit-todo\" �查看和编辑）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1295
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr "您在执行将分支 '%s' �基到 '%s' 的�作。"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1025 wt-status.c:1042
+#: wt-status.c:1300
 msgid "You are currently rebasing."
 msgstr "您在执行�基�作。"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1028
+#: wt-status.c:1314
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  （解决冲�，然��行 \"git rebase --continue\"）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1030
+#: wt-status.c:1316
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git rebase --skip\" 跳过此补�）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1032
+#: wt-status.c:1318
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git rebase --abort\" 以检出原有分支）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1045
+#: wt-status.c:1324
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  （所有冲�已解决：�行 \"git rebase --continue\"）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1049
+#: wt-status.c:1328
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr "您在执行将分支 '%s' �基到 '%s' 的�作时拆分�交。"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1054
+#: wt-status.c:1333
 msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr "您在执行�基�作时拆分�交。"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1057
+#: wt-status.c:1336
 msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  （一旦您工作目录�交干净�，�行 \"git rebase --continue\"）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1061
+#: wt-status.c:1340
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
 msgstr "您在执行将分支 '%s' �基到 '%s' 的�作时编辑�交。"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1066
+#: wt-status.c:1345
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr "您在执行�基�作时编辑�交。"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1069
+#: wt-status.c:1348
 msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git commit --amend\" 修补当��交）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1071
+#: wt-status.c:1350
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
 msgstr "  （当您对您的修改满��执行 \"git rebase --continue\"）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1081
+#: wt-status.c:1360
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently cherry-picking commit %s."
 msgstr "您在执行拣选�交 %s 的�作。"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1086
+#: wt-status.c:1365
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 msgstr "  （解决冲�并�行 \"git cherry-pick --continue\"）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1089
+#: wt-status.c:1368
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git cherry-pick --continue\")"
 msgstr "  （所有冲�已解决：�行 \"git cherry-pick --continue\"）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1091
+#: wt-status.c:1370
 msgid "  (use \"git cherry-pick --abort\" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git cherry-pick --abort\" 以�消拣选�作）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1100
+#: wt-status.c:1379
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently reverting commit %s."
 msgstr "您在执行�转�交 %s 的�作。"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1105
+#: wt-status.c:1384
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"
 msgstr "  （解决冲�并�行 \"git revert --continue\"）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1108
+#: wt-status.c:1387
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"
 msgstr "  （所有冲�已解决：�行 \"git revert --continue\"）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1110
+#: wt-status.c:1389
 msgid "  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git revert --abort\" 以�消�转�交�作）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1121
+#: wt-status.c:1400
 #, c-format
 msgid "You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."
 msgstr "您在执行从分支 '%s' 开始的二分查找�作。"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1125
+#: wt-status.c:1404
 msgid "You are currently bisecting."
 msgstr "您在执行二分查找�作。"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1128
+#: wt-status.c:1407
 msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git bisect reset\" 以回到原有分支）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1303
+#: wt-status.c:1604
 msgid "On branch "
 msgstr "�于分支 "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1310
+#: wt-status.c:1610
+msgid "interactive rebase in progress; onto "
+msgstr "交互��基�作正在进行中；至 "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1612
 msgid "rebase in progress; onto "
 msgstr "�基�作正在进行中；至 "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1317
+#: wt-status.c:1617
 msgid "HEAD detached at "
 msgstr "头指针分离于 "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1319
+#: wt-status.c:1619
 msgid "HEAD detached from "
 msgstr "头指针分离自 "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1322
+#: wt-status.c:1622
 msgid "Not currently on any branch."
 msgstr "当��在任何分支上。"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1339
+#: wt-status.c:1642
 msgid "Initial commit"
 msgstr "�始�交"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1353
+#: wt-status.c:1643
+msgid "No commits yet"
+msgstr "尚无�交"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1657
 msgid "Untracked files"
 msgstr "未跟踪的文件"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1355
+#: wt-status.c:1659
 msgid "Ignored files"
 msgstr "忽略的文件"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1359
+#: wt-status.c:1663
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
@@ -1903,698 +5302,670 @@ msgstr ""
 "耗费了 %.2f 秒以枚举未跟踪的文件。'status -uno' 也许能�高速度，\n"
 "但您需��心��忘了添加新文件（�� 'git help status'）。"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1365
+#: wt-status.c:1669
 #, c-format
 msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
 msgstr "未跟踪的文件没有列出%s"
 
 #  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1367
+#: wt-status.c:1671
 msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
 msgstr "（使用 -u �数显示未跟踪的文件）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1373
+#: wt-status.c:1677
 msgid "No changes"
 msgstr "没有修改"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1378
+#: wt-status.c:1682
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
 msgstr "修改尚未加入�交（使用 \"git add\" 和/或 \"git commit -a\"）\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1381
+#: wt-status.c:1685
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
 msgstr "修改尚未加入�交\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1384
+#: wt-status.c:1688
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
 "track)\n"
 msgstr "�交为空，但是存在尚未跟踪的文件（使用 \"git add\" 建立跟踪）\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1387
+#: wt-status.c:1691
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
 msgstr "�交为空，但是存在尚未跟踪的文件\n"
 
 #  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1390
+#: wt-status.c:1694
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
 msgstr "无文件��交（创建/拷�文件并使用 \"git add\" 建立跟踪）\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1393 wt-status.c:1398
+#: wt-status.c:1697 wt-status.c:1702
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit\n"
 msgstr "无文件��交\n"
 
 #  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1396
+#: wt-status.c:1700
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
 msgstr "无文件��交（使用 -u 显示未跟踪的文件）\n"
 
 #  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1400
+#: wt-status.c:1704
 #, c-format
-msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
+msgid "nothing to commit, working tree clean\n"
 msgstr "无文件��交，干净的工作区\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1509
+#: wt-status.c:1817
+msgid "No commits yet on "
+msgstr "尚无�交在 "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1821
 msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
 msgstr "HEAD（�分支）"
 
-#  译者：注����尾空格
-#: wt-status.c:1515
-msgid "Initial commit on "
-msgstr "�始�交于 "
-
-#: wt-status.c:1547
-msgid "gone"
-msgstr "丢失"
+#: wt-status.c:1852
+msgid "different"
+msgstr "��"
 
 #  译者：注����尾空格
-#: wt-status.c:1549 wt-status.c:1557
+#: wt-status.c:1854 wt-status.c:1862
 msgid "behind "
 msgstr "�� "
 
-#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:55 builtin/clone.c:360
+#: wt-status.c:1857 wt-status.c:1860
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr "领先 "
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the action is e.g. "pull with rebase"
+#: wt-status.c:2366
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "�能%s：您有未暂存的�更。"
+
+#: wt-status.c:2372
+msgid "additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "�外，您的索引中包�未�交的�更。"
+
+#: wt-status.c:2374
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot %s: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "�能%s：您的索引中包�未�交的�更。"
+
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:442
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
 msgstr "无法删除 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:22
-msgid "git add [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git add [选项] [--] <路径规则>..."
+#: builtin/add.c:24
+msgid "git add [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git add [<选项>] [--] <路径规格>..."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:65
+#: builtin/add.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
 msgstr "�外的差异状� %c"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:70 builtin/commit.c:275
+#: builtin/add.c:88 builtin/commit.c:266
 msgid "updating files failed"
 msgstr "更新文件失败"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:80
+#: builtin/add.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "remove '%s'\n"
 msgstr "删除 '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:134
+#: builtin/add.c:173
 msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
 msgstr "刷新索引之�尚未被暂存的�更："
 
-#: builtin/add.c:194 builtin/rev-parse.c:785
+#: builtin/add.c:233 builtin/rev-parse.c:892
 msgid "Could not read the index"
 msgstr "�能读�索引"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:205
+#: builtin/add.c:244
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
-msgstr "�能打开 '%s' 以写入。"
+msgstr "无法打开 '%s' 进行写入。"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:209
+#: builtin/add.c:248
 msgid "Could not write patch"
 msgstr "�能生�补�"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:214
+#: builtin/add.c:251
+msgid "editing patch failed"
+msgstr "编辑补�失败"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:254
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
-msgstr "�能查看文件状� '%s'"
+msgstr "�能对 '%s' 调用 stat"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:216
+#: builtin/add.c:256
 msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
 msgstr "空补�。异常终止。"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:221
+#: builtin/add.c:261
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
 msgstr "�能应用 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:231
+#: builtin/add.c:269
 msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
 msgstr "下列路径根�您的一个 .gitignore 文件而被忽略：\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:248 builtin/clean.c:875 builtin/fetch.c:108 builtin/mv.c:110
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/push.c:499 builtin/remote.c:1372
-#: builtin/rm.c:269
+#: builtin/add.c:289 builtin/clean.c:911 builtin/fetch.c:145 builtin/mv.c:123
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:55 builtin/pull.c:212 builtin/push.c:557
+#: builtin/remote.c:1342 builtin/rm.c:240 builtin/send-pack.c:165
 msgid "dry run"
 msgstr "演习"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:249 builtin/apply.c:4415 builtin/check-ignore.c:19
-#: builtin/commit.c:1326 builtin/count-objects.c:63 builtin/fsck.c:608
-#: builtin/log.c:1617 builtin/mv.c:109 builtin/read-tree.c:114
-msgid "be verbose"
-msgstr "冗长输出"
-
-#: builtin/add.c:251
+#: builtin/add.c:292
 msgid "interactive picking"
 msgstr "交互�拣选"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:252 builtin/checkout.c:1126 builtin/reset.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:293 builtin/checkout.c:1135 builtin/reset.c:302
 msgid "select hunks interactively"
 msgstr "交互�挑选数��"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:253
+#: builtin/add.c:294
 msgid "edit current diff and apply"
 msgstr "编辑当�差异并应用"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:254
+#: builtin/add.c:295
 msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
 msgstr "�许添加忽略的文件"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:255
+#: builtin/add.c:296
 msgid "update tracked files"
 msgstr "更新已跟踪的文件"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:256
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "renormalize EOL of tracked files (implies -u)"
+msgstr "对已跟踪文件（暗� -u）�新归一�行符"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:298
 msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
 msgstr "�记录，该路径���添加"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:257
+#: builtin/add.c:299
 msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr "添加所有改�的已跟踪文件和未跟踪文件"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:260
+#: builtin/add.c:302
 msgid "ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"
 msgstr "忽略工作区中移除的路径（和 --no-all 相�）"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:262
+#: builtin/add.c:304
 msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
 msgstr "�添加，�刷新索引"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:263
+#: builtin/add.c:305
 msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
 msgstr "跳过因出错�能添加的文件"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:264
+#: builtin/add.c:306
 msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
 msgstr "检查在演习模�下文件（�使�存在）是�被忽略"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:307 builtin/update-index.c:974
+msgid "(+/-)x"
+msgstr "(+/-)x"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:307 builtin/update-index.c:975
+msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
+msgstr "覆盖列表里文件的�执行�"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:309
+msgid "warn when adding an embedded repository"
+msgstr "创建一个嵌入�仓库时给予警告"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You've added another git repository inside your current repository.\n"
+"Clones of the outer repository will not contain the contents of\n"
+"the embedded repository and will not know how to obtain it.\n"
+"If you meant to add a submodule, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If you added this path by mistake, you can remove it from the\n"
+"index with:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"See \"git help submodule\" for more information."
+msgstr ""
+"您在当�仓库中添加了�外一个Git仓库。克隆外层的仓库将�包�嵌入仓库的内容，并"
+"且�知�该如何获�它。\n"
+"如果您�添加一个�模组，使用：\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit submodule add <url> %s\n"
+"\n"
+"如果您��心添加了这个路径，�以用下�的命令将其从索引中删除：\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rm --cached %s\n"
+"\n"
+"�� \"git help submodule\" 获�更多信�。"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:352
+#, c-format
+msgid "adding embedded git repository: %s"
+msgstr "正在添加嵌入� git 仓库：%s"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:370
 #, c-format
 msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
 msgstr "使用 -f �数如果您确实�添加它们。\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:293
+#: builtin/add.c:378
 msgid "adding files failed"
 msgstr "添加文件失败"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:329
+#: builtin/add.c:416
 msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
 msgstr "-A 和 -u 选项互斥"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:336
+#: builtin/add.c:423
 msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
 msgstr "选项 --ignore-missing �能和 --dry-run �时使用"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:357
+#: builtin/add.c:427
+#, c-format
+msgid "--chmod param '%s' must be either -x or +x"
+msgstr "�数 --chmod �值 '%s' 必须是 -x 或 +x"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:442
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
 msgstr "没有指定文件，也没有文件被添加。\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:358
+#: builtin/add.c:443
 #, c-format
 msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
 msgstr "也许您想�执行 'git add .'？\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:363 builtin/check-ignore.c:172 builtin/clean.c:919
-#: builtin/commit.c:333 builtin/mv.c:130 builtin/reset.c:235 builtin/rm.c:299
+#: builtin/add.c:448 builtin/check-ignore.c:177 builtin/checkout.c:280
+#: builtin/checkout.c:483 builtin/clean.c:958 builtin/commit.c:325
+#: builtin/diff-tree.c:114 builtin/mv.c:144 builtin/reset.c:241
+#: builtin/rm.c:270 builtin/submodule--helper.c:328
 msgid "index file corrupt"
 msgstr "索引文件��"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:446 builtin/apply.c:4510 builtin/mv.c:279 builtin/rm.c:431
-msgid "Unable to write new index file"
-msgstr "无法写入新索引文件"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:58
-msgid "git apply [options] [<patch>...]"
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:111
-#, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
-msgstr "未能识别的空白字符选项 '%s'"
+#: builtin/am.c:414
+msgid "could not parse author script"
+msgstr "�能解�作者脚本"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:126
+#: builtin/am.c:498
 #, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
-msgstr "未能识别的空白字符忽略选项 '%s'"
+msgid "'%s' was deleted by the applypatch-msg hook"
+msgstr "'%s' 被 applypatch-msg 钩�删除"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:826
+#: builtin/am.c:539
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
-msgstr "无法准备时间戳正则表达� %s"
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "�法的输入行：'%s'。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:835
+#: builtin/am.c:576
 #, c-format
-msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
-msgstr "regexec 返回 %d，输入为：%s"
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "从 '%s' 拷�注解到 '%s' 时失败"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:916
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
-msgstr "�能在补�的第 %d 行找到文件�"
+#: builtin/am.c:602
+msgid "fseek failed"
+msgstr "fseek 失败"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:948
+#: builtin/am.c:790
 #, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
-msgstr "git apply：错误的 git-diff - 应为 /dev/null，但在第 %2$d 行得到 %1$s"
+msgid "could not parse patch '%s'"
+msgstr "无法解�补� '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:952
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
-msgstr "git apply：错误的 git-diff - 第 %d 行上新文件��一致"
+#: builtin/am.c:855
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr "一次�能有一个 StGIT 补�队列被应用"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:953
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
-msgstr "git apply：错误的 git-diff - 第 %d 行上旧文件��一致"
+#: builtin/am.c:903
+msgid "invalid timestamp"
+msgstr "无效的时间戳"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:960
-#, c-format
-msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
-msgstr "git apply：错误的 git-diff - 第 %d 行处应为 /dev/null"
+#: builtin/am.c:908 builtin/am.c:920
+msgid "invalid Date line"
+msgstr "无效的日期行"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1423
-#, c-format
-msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
-msgstr "recount：�外的行：%.*s"
+#: builtin/am.c:915
+msgid "invalid timezone offset"
+msgstr "无效的时区�移值"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1480
-#, c-format
-msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
-msgstr "第 %d 行的补�片段没有头信�：%.*s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1008
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr "补�格�探测失败。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1497
+#: builtin/am.c:1013 builtin/clone.c:407
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
-"component (line %d)"
-msgid_plural ""
-"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
-"components (line %d)"
-msgstr[0] "当移除 %d 个�导路径� git diff 头缺�文件�信�（第 %d 行）"
-msgstr[1] "当移除 %d 个�导路径� git diff 头缺�文件�信�（第 %d 行）"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:1657
-msgid "new file depends on old contents"
-msgstr "新文件�赖旧内容"
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "无法创建目录 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1659
-msgid "deleted file still has contents"
-msgstr "删除的文件�有内容"
+#: builtin/am.c:1018
+msgid "Failed to split patches."
+msgstr "无法拆分补�。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1685
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
-msgstr "补�在第 %d 行��"
+#: builtin/am.c:1148 builtin/commit.c:351
+msgid "unable to write index file"
+msgstr "无法写入索引文件"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1721
+#: builtin/am.c:1162
 #, c-format
-msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
-msgstr "新文件 %s �赖旧内容"
+msgid "When you have resolved this problem, run \"%s --continue\"."
+msgstr "当您解决这一问题，执行 \"%s --continue\"。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1723
+#: builtin/am.c:1163
 #, c-format
-msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
-msgstr "删除的文件 %s �有内容"
+msgid "If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"%s --skip\" instead."
+msgstr "如果您想�跳过这一补�，则执行 \"%s --skip\"。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1726
+#: builtin/am.c:1164
 #, c-format
-msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
-msgstr "** 警告：文件 %s �为空文件但并未删除"
+msgid "To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"%s --abort\"."
+msgstr "若��原至原始分支并�止补��作，执行 \"%s --abort\"。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1872
-#, c-format
-msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
-msgstr "二进制补�在第 %d 行��：%.*s"
+#: builtin/am.c:1271
+msgid "Patch is empty."
+msgstr "补�为空。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1901
+#: builtin/am.c:1337
 #, c-format
-msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
-msgstr "未能识别的二进制补��于第 %d 行"
+msgid "invalid ident line: %.*s"
+msgstr "无效的身份标识：%.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2052
+#: builtin/am.c:1359
 #, c-format
-msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
-msgstr "补�文件的第 %d 行�有垃圾数�"
+msgid "unable to parse commit %s"
+msgstr "�能解��交 %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2142
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
-msgstr "无法读�符�链接 %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:2146
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to open or read %s"
-msgstr "�能打开或读� %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:2754
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
-msgstr "无效的行首字符：'%c'"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:2872
-#, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
-msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
-msgstr[0] "� #%d �功应用于 %d（�移 %d 行）"
-msgstr[1] "� #%d �功应用于 %d（�移 %d 行）"
+#: builtin/am.c:1554
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr "仓库缺�必�的数�对象以进行三方�并。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2884
-#, c-format
-msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
-msgstr "上下文�少到（%ld/%ld）以在第 %d 行应用补�片段"
+#: builtin/am.c:1556
+msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
+msgstr "使用索引��建一个（三方�并的）基础目录树..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2890
-#, c-format
+#: builtin/am.c:1575
 msgid ""
-"while searching for:\n"
-"%.*s"
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
 msgstr ""
-"当查询：\n"
-"%.*s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:2909
-#, c-format
-msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
-msgstr "缺失 '%s' 的二进制补�数�"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3010
-#, c-format
-msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
-msgstr "二进制补�未应用到 '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3016
-#, c-format
-msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
-msgstr "到 '%s' 的二进制补�产生了�正确的结果（应为 %s，�为 %s）"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3037
-#, c-format
-msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
-msgstr "打补�失败：%s:%ld"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3161
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot checkout %s"
-msgstr "�能检出 %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3206 builtin/apply.c:3215 builtin/apply.c:3260
-#, c-format
-msgid "read of %s failed"
-msgstr "读� %s 失败"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3240 builtin/apply.c:3462
-#, c-format
-msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
-msgstr "路径 %s 已�被�命�/删除"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3321 builtin/apply.c:3476
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
-msgstr "%s：�存在于索引中"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3325 builtin/apply.c:3468 builtin/apply.c:3490
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: %s"
-msgstr "%s：%s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3330 builtin/apply.c:3484
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: does not match index"
-msgstr "%s：和索引�匹�"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3432
-msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
-msgstr "移除补��留下了文件内容"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3501
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: wrong type"
-msgstr "%s：错误类型"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3503
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
-msgstr "%s 的类型是 %o，应为 %o"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:3604
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in index"
-msgstr "%s：已�存在于索引中"
+"您是�曾手动编辑过您的补�？\n"
+"无法应用补�到索引中的数�对象上。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3607
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
-msgstr "%s：已�存在于工作区中"
+#: builtin/am.c:1581
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr "回�到基础版本上打补��进行三方�并..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3627
-#, c-format
-msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
-msgstr "%2$s 的新模�（%1$o）和旧模�（%3$o）�匹�"
+#: builtin/am.c:1606
+msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
+msgstr "无法�并�更。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3632
-#, c-format
-msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
-msgstr "%2$s 的新模�（%1$o）和 %4$s 的旧模�（%3$o）�匹�"
+#: builtin/am.c:1637
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr "正应用到一个空历�上"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3640
+#: builtin/am.c:1683 builtin/am.c:1687
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
-msgstr "%s：补�未应用"
+msgid "cannot resume: %s does not exist."
+msgstr "无法继续：%s �存在。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3653
-#, c-format
-msgid "Checking patch %s..."
-msgstr "检查补� %s..."
+#: builtin/am.c:1703
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr "标准输入没有和终端关�，�能进行交互��作。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3746 builtin/checkout.c:231 builtin/reset.c:135
-#, c-format
-msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
-msgstr "对路径 '%s' 的 make_cache_entry �作失败"
+#: builtin/am.c:1708
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
+msgstr "�交内容为："
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3889
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
-msgstr "�能从索引中移除 %s"
+#  译者：注����尾空格
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#.
+#: builtin/am.c:1718
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all: "
+msgstr "应用？是[y]/�[n]/编辑[e]/查看补�[v]/应用所有[a]："
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3918
+#: builtin/am.c:1768
 #, c-format
-msgid "corrupt patch for submodule %s"
-msgstr "�模组 %s ��的补�"
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: %s)"
+msgstr "�索引：�能应用补�（�文件：%s）"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3922
+#: builtin/am.c:1808 builtin/am.c:1879
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
-msgstr "�能枚举新建文件 '%s' 的状�"
+msgid "Applying: %.*s"
+msgstr "应用：%.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3927
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
-msgstr "�能为新建文件 %s 创建�端存储"
+#: builtin/am.c:1824
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr "没有�更 —— 补�已�应用过。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3930 builtin/apply.c:4038
+#: builtin/am.c:1832
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
-msgstr "无法为 %s 添加缓存�目"
+msgid "Patch failed at %s %.*s"
+msgstr "打补�失败于 %s %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3963
-#, c-format
-msgid "closing file '%s'"
-msgstr "关闭文件 '%s'"
+#: builtin/am.c:1838
+msgid "Use 'git am --show-current-patch' to see the failed patch"
+msgstr "用 'git am --show-current-patch' 命令查看失败的补�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4012
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
-msgstr "�能写文件 '%s' �� %o"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4099
-#, c-format
-msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
-msgstr "�功应用补� %s。"
+#: builtin/am.c:1882
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
+msgstr ""
+"没有�更 —— 您是�是忘了执行 'git add'？\n"
+"如果没有什么�添加到暂存区的，则很�能是其它�交已�引入了相�的�更。\n"
+"您也许想�跳过这个补�。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4107
-msgid "internal error"
-msgstr "内部错误"
+#: builtin/am.c:1889
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index.\n"
+"You should 'git add' each file with resolved conflicts to mark them as "
+"such.\n"
+"You might run `git rm` on a file to accept \"deleted by them\" for it."
+msgstr ""
+"在您的索引中�存在未�并的路径。\n"
+"您应该对已�冲�解决的�一个文件执行 'git add' �标记已�完�。 \n"
+"你�以对 \"由他们删除\" 的文件执行 `git rm` 命令。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4110
+#: builtin/am.c:1996 builtin/am.c:2000 builtin/am.c:2012 builtin/reset.c:324
+#: builtin/reset.c:332
 #, c-format
-msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
-msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
-msgstr[0] "应用 %%s 个补�，其中 %d 个被拒�..."
-msgstr[1] "应用 %%s 个补�，其中 %d 个被拒�..."
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr "�能解�对象 '%s'。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4120
-#, c-format
-msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
-msgstr "截短 .rej 文件�为 %.*s.rej"
+#: builtin/am.c:2048
+msgid "failed to clean index"
+msgstr "无法清空索引"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4141
-#, c-format
-msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
-msgstr "第 #%d 个片段�功应用。"
+#: builtin/am.c:2083
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+msgstr "您好�在上一次 'am' 失败�移动了 HEAD。未回退至 ORIG_HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4144
+#: builtin/am.c:2174
 #, c-format
-msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
-msgstr "拒�第 #%d 个片段。"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4234
-msgid "unrecognized input"
-msgstr "未能识别的输入"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4245
-msgid "unable to read index file"
-msgstr "无法读�索引文件"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4362 builtin/apply.c:4365 builtin/clone.c:92
-#: builtin/fetch.c:93
-msgid "path"
-msgstr "路径"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4363
-msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
-msgstr "��应用与给出路径�匹�的�更"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4366
-msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
-msgstr "应用与给出路径�匹�的�更"
+msgid "Invalid value for --patch-format: %s"
+msgstr "无效的 --patch-format 值：%s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4368
-msgid "num"
-msgstr "æ•°å­—"
+#: builtin/am.c:2210
+msgid "git am [<options>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"
+msgstr "git am [<选项>] [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4369
-msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
-msgstr "从传统的 diff 路径中移除指定数�的�导斜线"
+#: builtin/am.c:2211
+msgid "git am [<options>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
+msgstr "git am [<选项>] (--continue | --skip | --abort)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4372
-msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
-msgstr "忽略补�中的添加的文件"
+#: builtin/am.c:2217
+msgid "run interactively"
+msgstr "以交互�方��行"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4374
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
-msgstr "�应用补�，而是显示输入的差异统计（diffstat）"
+#: builtin/am.c:2219
+msgid "historical option -- no-op"
+msgstr "�的�数 —— 无作用"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4378
-msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
-msgstr "以�进制数显示添加和删除的行数"
+#: builtin/am.c:2221
+msgid "allow fall back on 3way merging if needed"
+msgstr "如果必�，�许使用三方�并。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4380
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
-msgstr "�应用补�，而是显示输入的概�"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4382
-msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
-msgstr "�应用补�，而是查看补�是��应用"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4384
-msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
-msgstr "确认补��以应用到当�索引"
+#: builtin/am.c:2222 builtin/init-db.c:484 builtin/prune-packed.c:57
+#: builtin/repack.c:192
+msgid "be quiet"
+msgstr "�默模�"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2224
+msgid "add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message"
+msgstr "在�交说明中添加一个 Signed-off-by 签�"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2227
+msgid "recode into utf8 (default)"
+msgstr "使用 utf8 字符集（默认）"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2229
+msgid "pass -k flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "� git-mailinfo 传递 -k �数"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2231
+msgid "pass -b flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "� git-mailinfo 传递 -b �数"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2233
+msgid "pass -m flag to git-mailinfo"
+msgstr "� git-mailinfo 传递 -m �数"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2235
+msgid "pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit for mbox format"
+msgstr "针对 mbox 格�，� git-mailsplit 传递 --keep-cr �数"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2238
+msgid "do not pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit independent of am.keepcr"
+msgstr "�� git-mailsplit 传递 --keep-cr �数，覆盖 am.keepcr 的设置"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2241
+msgid "strip everything before a scissors line"
+msgstr "丢弃�切线�的所有内容"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2243 builtin/am.c:2246 builtin/am.c:2249 builtin/am.c:2252
+#: builtin/am.c:2255 builtin/am.c:2258 builtin/am.c:2261 builtin/am.c:2264
+#: builtin/am.c:2270
+msgid "pass it through git-apply"
+msgstr "传递给 git-apply"
+
+#: builtin/am.c:2260 builtin/commit.c:1332 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:668 builtin/grep.c:853 builtin/merge.c:208
+#: builtin/pull.c:150 builtin/pull.c:208 builtin/repack.c:201
+#: builtin/repack.c:205 builtin/repack.c:207 builtin/show-branch.c:631
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:169 builtin/tag.c:383 parse-options.h:144
+#: parse-options.h:146 parse-options.h:258
+msgid "n"
+msgstr "n"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4386
-msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
-msgstr "应用补�而�修改工作区"
+#: builtin/am.c:2266 builtin/branch.c:632 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38
+#: builtin/replace.c:543 builtin/tag.c:419 builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format"
+msgstr "格�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4388
-msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
-msgstr "还应用此补�（与 --stat/--summary/--check 选项�时使用）"
+#: builtin/am.c:2267
+msgid "format the patch(es) are in"
+msgstr "补�的格�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4390
-msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
-msgstr "如果一个补��能应用则�试三路�并"
+#: builtin/am.c:2273
+msgid "override error message when patch failure occurs"
+msgstr "打补�失败时显示的错误信�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4392
-msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
-msgstr "创建一个临时索引基于嵌入的索引信�"
+#: builtin/am.c:2275
+msgid "continue applying patches after resolving a conflict"
+msgstr "冲�解决�继续应用补�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4394 builtin/checkout-index.c:198 builtin/ls-files.c:455
-msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
-msgstr "路径以 NUL 字符分隔"
+#: builtin/am.c:2278
+msgid "synonyms for --continue"
+msgstr "和 --continue �义"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4397
-msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
-msgstr "确�至少匹� <n> 行上下文"
+#: builtin/am.c:2281
+msgid "skip the current patch"
+msgstr "跳过当�补�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4398
-msgid "action"
-msgstr "动作"
+#: builtin/am.c:2284
+msgid "restore the original branch and abort the patching operation."
+msgstr "��原始分支并终止打补��作。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4399
-msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
-msgstr "检查新增和修改的行中间的空白字符滥用"
+#: builtin/am.c:2287
+msgid "abort the patching operation but keep HEAD where it is."
+msgstr "终止补��作但�� HEAD ��。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4402 builtin/apply.c:4405
-msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
-msgstr "查找上下文时忽略空白字符的�更"
+#: builtin/am.c:2290
+msgid "show the patch being applied."
+msgstr "显示正在应用的补�。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4408
-msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
-msgstr "��应用补�"
+#: builtin/am.c:2294
+msgid "lie about committer date"
+msgstr "将作者日期作为�交日期"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4410
-msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
-msgstr "无需至少一行上下文"
+#: builtin/am.c:2296
+msgid "use current timestamp for author date"
+msgstr "用当�时间作为作者日期"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4412
-msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
-msgstr "将拒�的补�片段�存在对应的 *.rej 文件中"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4414
-msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
-msgstr "�许��的补�片段"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4417
-msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
-msgstr "�许�正确的文件末尾�行符"
+#: builtin/am.c:2298 builtin/commit.c:1468 builtin/merge.c:239
+#: builtin/pull.c:183 builtin/revert.c:112 builtin/tag.c:399
+msgid "key-id"
+msgstr "key-id"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4420
-msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
-msgstr "�信任补�片段的头信�中的行�"
+#: builtin/am.c:2299
+msgid "GPG-sign commits"
+msgstr "使用 GPG 签��交"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4422
-msgid "root"
-msgstr "根目录"
+#: builtin/am.c:2302
+msgid "(internal use for git-rebase)"
+msgstr "（内部使用，用于 git-rebase）"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4423
-msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
-msgstr "为所有文件��添加 <根目录>"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4445
-msgid "--3way outside a repository"
-msgstr "--3way 在一个版本库之外"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:4453
-msgid "--index outside a repository"
-msgstr "--index 在一个版本库之外"
+#: builtin/am.c:2320
+msgid ""
+"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
+msgstr ""
+"�数 -b/--binary 已�很长时间��任何实质�作了，并且将被移除。\n"
+"请���使用它了。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4456
-msgid "--cached outside a repository"
-msgstr "--cached 在一个版本库之外"
+#: builtin/am.c:2327
+msgid "failed to read the index"
+msgstr "无法读�索引"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4472
+#: builtin/am.c:2342
 #, c-format
-msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
-msgstr "�能打开补� '%s'"
+msgid "previous rebase directory %s still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr "之�的�基目录 %s �然存在，但��供了 mbox。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4486
+#: builtin/am.c:2366
 #, c-format
-msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
-msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
-msgstr[0] "抑制下�有 %d 个空白字符误用"
-msgstr[1] "抑制下�有 %d 个空白字符误用"
+msgid ""
+"Stray %s directory found.\n"
+"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
+msgstr ""
+"�现了错误的 %s 目录。\n"
+"使用 \"git am --abort\" 删除它。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4492 builtin/apply.c:4502
-#, c-format
-msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
-msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
-msgstr[0] "%d 行有空白字符误用。"
-msgstr[1] "%d 行有空白字符误用。"
+#: builtin/am.c:2372
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr "解决�作未进行，我们�会继续。"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:8
+msgid "git apply [<options>] [<patch>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [<选项>] [<补�>...]"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:17
 #, c-format
@@ -2607,170 +5978,279 @@ msgstr "�能�定�输出"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:37
 msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
-msgstr "git archive：未�供远程URL"
+msgstr "git archive：未�供远程 URL"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:58
-msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
-msgstr "git archive：应为ACK/NACK，�得到EOF"
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got a flush packet"
+msgstr "git archive：期望是 ACK/NAK，�得到 flush 包"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
 msgstr "git archive：NACK %s"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:63
-#, c-format
-msgid "remote error: %s"
-msgstr "远程错误：%s"
-
 #: builtin/archive.c:64
 msgid "git archive: protocol error"
 msgstr "git archive：�议错误"
 
 #: builtin/archive.c:68
 msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
-msgstr "git archive：应为刷新"
+msgstr "git archive：应有一个 flush 包"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:7
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:12
 msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
 msgstr "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:17
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:13
+msgid "git bisect--helper --write-terms <bad_term> <good_term>"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --write-terms <�-术语> <好-术语>"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:14
+msgid "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:46
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid term"
+msgstr "'%s' �是一个有效的术语"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't use the builtin command '%s' as a term"
+msgstr "�能使用内置命令 '%s' 作为术语"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't change the meaning of the term '%s'"
+msgstr "�能修改术语 '%s' 的�义"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:71
+msgid "please use two different terms"
+msgstr "请使用两个��的术语"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:78
+msgid "could not open the file BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "�能打开文件 BISECT_TERMS"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:120
 msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
 msgstr "执行 'git bisect next'"
 
-#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:19
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:122
+msgid "write the terms to .git/BISECT_TERMS"
+msgstr "将术语写入 .git/BISECT_TERMS"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:124
+msgid "cleanup the bisection state"
+msgstr "清除二分查找状�"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:126
+msgid "check for expected revs"
+msgstr "检查预期的版本"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:128
 msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
 msgstr "更新 BISECT_HEAD 而�检出当��交"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:30
-msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
-msgstr "git blame [选项] [版本选项] [版本] [--] 文件"
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:143
+msgid "--write-terms requires two arguments"
+msgstr "--write-terms 需�两个�数"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:147
+msgid "--bisect-clean-state requires no arguments"
+msgstr "--bisect-clean-state �需��数"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:29
+msgid "git blame [<options>] [<rev-opts>] [<rev>] [--] <file>"
+msgstr "git blame [<选项>] [<版本选项>] [<版本>] [--] <文件>"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:34
+msgid "<rev-opts> are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+msgstr "<版本选项> 的文档记录在 git-rev-list(1) 中"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:404
+#, c-format
+msgid "expecting a color: %s"
+msgstr "期望一个颜色：%s"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:411
+msgid "must end with a color"
+msgstr "必须以一个颜色结尾"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:697
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid color '%s' in color.blame.repeatedLines"
+msgstr "设置 color.blame.repeatedLines 中的无效颜色 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:35
-msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
-msgstr "[版本选项] 的文档记录在 git-rev-list(1) 中"
+#: builtin/blame.c:715
+msgid "invalid value for blame.coloring"
+msgstr "设置 blame.coloring 中的无效�值"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2501
+#: builtin/blame.c:786
 msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
 msgstr "增��地显示�现的 blame �目"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2502
+#: builtin/blame.c:787
 msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
 msgstr "边界�交显示空的 SHA-1（默认：关闭）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2503
+#: builtin/blame.c:788
 msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
 msgstr "�把根�交作为边界（默认：关闭）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2504
+#: builtin/blame.c:789
 msgid "Show work cost statistics"
 msgstr "显示命令消耗统计"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2505
+#: builtin/blame.c:790
+msgid "Force progress reporting"
+msgstr "强制进度显示"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:791
 msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
 msgstr "显示判断 blame �目�移的得分诊断信�"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2506
+#: builtin/blame.c:792
 msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
 msgstr "显示原始文件�（默认：自动）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2507
+#: builtin/blame.c:793
 msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
 msgstr "显示原始的行�（默认：关闭）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2508
+#: builtin/blame.c:794
 msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
 msgstr "显示为一个适�机器读�的格�"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2509
+#: builtin/blame.c:795
 msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
 msgstr "为�一行显示机器适用的�交信�"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2510
+#: builtin/blame.c:796
 msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
 msgstr "使用和 git-annotate 相�的输出模�（默认：关闭）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2511
+#: builtin/blame.c:797
 msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "显示原始时间戳（默认：关闭）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2512
+#: builtin/blame.c:798
 msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
-msgstr "显示长的SHA1�交�（默认：关闭）"
+msgstr "显示长的 SHA1 �交�（默认：关闭）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2513
+#: builtin/blame.c:799
 msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "��作者�字和时间戳（默认：关闭）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2514
+#: builtin/blame.c:800
 msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
 msgstr "显示作者的邮箱而�是�字（默认：关闭）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2515
+#: builtin/blame.c:801
 msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
 msgstr "忽略空白差异"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2516
+#: builtin/blame.c:802
+msgid "color redundant metadata from previous line differently"
+msgstr "使用颜色间隔输出与�一行��的��元信�"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:803
+msgid "color lines by age"
+msgstr "��时间�色"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:810
+msgid "Use an experimental heuristic to improve diffs"
+msgstr "使用一个试验性的���算法改进差异显示"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:812
 msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
 msgstr "花费�外的循环�找到更好的匹�"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2517
+#: builtin/blame.c:813
 msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
 msgstr "使用�自 <文件> 的修订集而�是调用 git-rev-list"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2518
+#: builtin/blame.c:814
 msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
 msgstr "使用 <文件> 的内容作为最终的图片"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2519 builtin/blame.c:2520
+#: builtin/blame.c:815 builtin/blame.c:816
 msgid "score"
 msgstr "得分"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2519
+#: builtin/blame.c:815
 msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
 msgstr "找到文件内�跨文件的行拷�"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2520
+#: builtin/blame.c:816
 msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
 msgstr "找到文件内�跨文件的行移动"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2521
+#: builtin/blame.c:817
 msgid "n,m"
 msgstr "n,m"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2521
+#: builtin/blame.c:817
 msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
 msgstr "�处�行范围在 n 和 m 之间的，从 1 开始"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the maximum
-#. display width for a relative timestamp in "git blame"
-#. output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11 months ago", which
-#. takes 22 places, is the longest among various forms of
-#. relative timestamps, but your language may need more or
-#. fewer display columns.
-#: builtin/blame.c:2602
+#: builtin/blame.c:866
+msgid "--progress can't be used with --incremental or porcelain formats"
+msgstr "--progress �能和 --incremental 或 --porcelain �时使用"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This string is used to tell us the
+#. maximum display width for a relative timestamp in
+#. "git blame" output.  For C locale, "4 years, 11
+#. months ago", which takes 22 places, is the longest
+#. among various forms of relative timestamps, but
+#. your language may need more or fewer display
+#. columns.
+#.
+#: builtin/blame.c:917
 msgid "4 years, 11 months ago"
 msgstr "4 年 11 个月�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:24
-msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
-msgstr "git branch [选项] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:25
-msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
-msgstr "git branch [选项] [-l] [-f] <分支�> [<起始点>]"
+#: builtin/blame.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "file %s has only %lu line"
+msgid_plural "file %s has only %lu lines"
+msgstr[0] "文件 %s �有 %lu 行"
+msgstr[1] "文件 %s �有 %lu 行"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:26
-msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
-msgstr "git branch [选项] [-r] (-d | -D) <分支�>..."
+#: builtin/blame.c:1049
+msgid "Blaming lines"
+msgstr "追踪代�行"
 
 #: builtin/branch.c:27
-msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
-msgstr "git branch [选项] (-m | -M) [<旧分支>] <新分支>"
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+msgstr "git branch [<选项>] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:28
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-l] [-f] <branch-name> [<start-point>]"
+msgstr "git branch [<选项>] [-l] [-f] <分支�> [<起始点>]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:29
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r] (-d | -D) <branch-name>..."
+msgstr "git branch [<选项>] [-r] (-d | -D) <分支�>..."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:30
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-m | -M) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [<选项>] (-m | -M) [<旧分支>] <新分支>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:31
+msgid "git branch [<options>] (-c | -C) [<old-branch>] <new-branch>"
+msgstr "git branch [<选项>] (-c | -C) [<�分支>] <新分支>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:32
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+msgstr "git branch [<选项>] [-r | -a] [--points-at]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:33
+msgid "git branch [<options>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
+msgstr "git branch [<选项>] [-r | -a] [--format]"
 
 #  译者：��原�行格�，在输出时 %s 的替代内容会让字符串�长
-#: builtin/branch.c:152
+#: builtin/branch.c:146
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
@@ -2780,7 +6260,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "         '%s'，但未�并到 HEAD。"
 
 #  译者：��原�行格�，在输出时 %s 的替代内容会让字符串�长
-#: builtin/branch.c:156
+#: builtin/branch.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
@@ -2789,12 +6269,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "并未删除分支 '%s'， 虽然它已��并到 HEAD，\n"
 "         然而�尚未被�并到分支 '%s' 。"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:170
+#: builtin/branch.c:164
 #, c-format
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
 msgstr "无法查询 '%s' 指�的�交对象"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:174
+#: builtin/branch.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
@@ -2803,648 +6283,666 @@ msgstr ""
 "分支 '%s' 没有完全�并。\n"
 "如果您确认�删除它，执行 'git branch -D %s'。"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:187
+#: builtin/branch.c:181
 msgid "Update of config-file failed"
-msgstr "无法更新 config 文件"
+msgstr "更新�置文件失败"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:215
+#: builtin/branch.c:212
 msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
 msgstr "�能将 -a 和 -d �时使用"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:221
+#: builtin/branch.c:218
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
 msgstr "无法查询 HEAD 指�的�交对象"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:229
+#: builtin/branch.c:232
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
-msgstr "无法删除您当�所在的分支 '%s'。"
+msgid "Cannot delete branch '%s' checked out at '%s'"
+msgstr "无法删除检出于 '%2$s' 的分支 '%1$s'。"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:245
+#: builtin/branch.c:247
 #, c-format
-msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
-msgstr "远程分支 '%s' 未�现。"
+msgid "remote-tracking branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "未能找到远程跟踪分支 '%s'。"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:246
+#: builtin/branch.c:248
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr "分支 '%s' 未�现。"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:260
+#: builtin/branch.c:263
 #, c-format
-msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
-msgstr "删除远程分支 '%s' 时出错"
+msgid "Error deleting remote-tracking branch '%s'"
+msgstr "无法删除远程跟踪分支 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:261
+#: builtin/branch.c:264
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
-msgstr "删除分支 '%s' 时出错"
+msgstr "无法删除分支 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:268
+#: builtin/branch.c:271
 #, c-format
-msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
-msgstr "已删除远程分支 %s（曾为 %s）。\n"
+msgid "Deleted remote-tracking branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "已删除远程跟踪分支 %s（曾为 %s）。\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:269
+#: builtin/branch.c:272
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
 msgstr "已删除分支 %s（曾为 %s）。\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:370
-#, c-format
-msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
-msgstr "分支 '%s' 未指�一个�交"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:459
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: gone]"
-msgstr "[%s: 丢失]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:464
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s]"
-msgstr "[%s]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:469
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
-msgstr "[%s：�� %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:471
-#, c-format
-msgid "[behind %d]"
-msgstr "[�� %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:475
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
-msgstr "[%s：领先 %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:477
-#, c-format
-msgid "[ahead %d]"
-msgstr "[领先 %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:480
-#, c-format
-msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
-msgstr "[%s：领先 %d，�� %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:483
-#, c-format
-msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
-msgstr "[领先 %d，�� %d]"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:496
-msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
-msgstr " **** 无效引用 ****"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:587
-#, c-format
-msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
-msgstr "（�分支，正�基 %s）"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:590
-#, c-format
-msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
-msgstr "（�分支，二分查找开始于 %s）"
+#: builtin/branch.c:416 builtin/tag.c:58
+msgid "unable to parse format string"
+msgstr "�能解�格�化字符串"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:593
+#: builtin/branch.c:453
 #, c-format
-msgid "(detached from %s)"
-msgstr "（分离自 %s）"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:596
-msgid "(no branch)"
-msgstr "（�分支）"
+msgid "Branch %s is being rebased at %s"
+msgstr "分支 %s 正被�基到 %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:643
+#: builtin/branch.c:457
 #, c-format
-msgid "object '%s' does not point to a commit"
-msgstr "对象 '%s' 没有指�一个�交"
+msgid "Branch %s is being bisected at %s"
+msgstr "分支 %s 正被二分查找于 %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:691
-msgid "some refs could not be read"
-msgstr "一些引用�能读�"
+#: builtin/branch.c:474
+msgid "cannot copy the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr "无法拷�当�分支因为�处于任何分支上。"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:704
+#: builtin/branch.c:476
 msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
 msgstr "无法�命�当�分支因为�处于任何分支上。"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:714
+#: builtin/branch.c:487
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
 msgstr "无效的分支�：'%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:729
+#: builtin/branch.c:514
 msgid "Branch rename failed"
 msgstr "分支�命�失败"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:733
+#: builtin/branch.c:516
+msgid "Branch copy failed"
+msgstr "分支拷�失败"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:520
+#, c-format
+msgid "Created a copy of a misnamed branch '%s'"
+msgstr "已为错误命�的分支 '%s' 创建了一个副本"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:523
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
-msgstr "�命�掉一个错误命�的旧分支 '%s'"
+msgstr "已将错误命�的分支 '%s' �命�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:737
+#: builtin/branch.c:529
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
 msgstr "分支�命�为 %s，但 HEAD 没有更新�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:744
+#: builtin/branch.c:538
 msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
-msgstr "分支被�命�，但更新 config 文件失败"
+msgstr "分支被�命�，但更新�置文件失败"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:759
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name %s"
-msgstr "�法的对象� %s"
+#: builtin/branch.c:540
+msgid "Branch is copied, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "分支已拷�，但更新�置文件失败"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:783
+#: builtin/branch.c:556
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
-msgstr "�能写分支�述模版：%s"
+msgid ""
+"Please edit the description for the branch\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be stripped.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"请编辑分支的�述\n"
+"  %s\n"
+"以 '%c' 开头的行将被过滤。\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:813
+#: builtin/branch.c:589
 msgid "Generic options"
 msgstr "通用选项"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:815
+#: builtin/branch.c:591
 msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
 msgstr "显示哈希值和主题，若�数出现两次则显示上游分支"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:816
+#: builtin/branch.c:592
 msgid "suppress informational messages"
 msgstr "�显示信�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:817
+#: builtin/branch.c:593
 msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
 msgstr "设置跟踪模�（�� git-pull(1)）"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:819
-msgid "change upstream info"
+#: builtin/branch.c:595
+msgid "do not use"
+msgstr "��使用"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
+msgid "upstream"
+msgstr "上游"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:597
+msgid "change the upstream info"
 msgstr "改�上游信�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:823
+#: builtin/branch.c:598
+msgid "Unset the upstream info"
+msgstr "�消上游信�的设置"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:599
 msgid "use colored output"
 msgstr "使用彩色输出"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:824
+#: builtin/branch.c:600
 msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "作用于远程跟踪分支"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:827 builtin/branch.c:833 builtin/branch.c:854
-#: builtin/branch.c:860 builtin/commit.c:1586 builtin/commit.c:1587
-#: builtin/commit.c:1588 builtin/commit.c:1589 builtin/tag.c:616
-#: builtin/tag.c:622
-msgid "commit"
-msgstr "�交"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:828 builtin/branch.c:834
+#: builtin/branch.c:602 builtin/branch.c:604
 msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
 msgstr "�打�包�该�交的分支"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:840
+#: builtin/branch.c:603 builtin/branch.c:605
+msgid "print only branches that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "�打��包�该�交的分支"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:608
 msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
 msgstr "具体的 git-branch 动作："
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:841
+#: builtin/branch.c:609
 msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "列出远程跟踪�本地分支"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:843
+#: builtin/branch.c:611
 msgid "delete fully merged branch"
 msgstr "删除完全�并的分支"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:844
+#: builtin/branch.c:612
 msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
 msgstr "删除分支（�使没有�并）"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:845
+#: builtin/branch.c:613
 msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
 msgstr "移动/�命�一个分支，以�它的引用日志"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:846
+#: builtin/branch.c:614
 msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
 msgstr "移动/�命�一个分支，�使目标已存在"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:847
+#: builtin/branch.c:615
+msgid "copy a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr "拷�一个分支和它的引用日志"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:616
+msgid "copy a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr "拷�一个分支，�使目标已存在"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:617
 msgid "list branch names"
 msgstr "列出分支�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:848
+#: builtin/branch.c:618
 msgid "create the branch's reflog"
 msgstr "创建分支的引用日志"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:850
+#: builtin/branch.c:620
 msgid "edit the description for the branch"
 msgstr "标记分支的�述"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:851
+#: builtin/branch.c:621
 msgid "force creation, move/rename, deletion"
 msgstr "强制创建�移动/�命��删除"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:854
-msgid "print only not merged branches"
-msgstr "�打�没有�并的分支"
+#: builtin/branch.c:622
+msgid "print only branches that are merged"
+msgstr "�打�已��并的分支"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:860
-msgid "print only merged branches"
-msgstr "�打��并的分支"
+#: builtin/branch.c:623
+msgid "print only branches that are not merged"
+msgstr "�打�尚未�并的分支"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:864
+#: builtin/branch.c:624
 msgid "list branches in columns"
 msgstr "以列的方�显示分支"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:877
-msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
-msgstr "无法将 HEAD 解�为有效引用。"
+#: builtin/branch.c:625 builtin/for-each-ref.c:40 builtin/ls-remote.c:70
+#: builtin/tag.c:412
+msgid "key"
+msgstr "key"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:626 builtin/for-each-ref.c:41 builtin/ls-remote.c:71
+#: builtin/tag.c:413
+msgid "field name to sort on"
+msgstr "排�的字段�"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:628 builtin/for-each-ref.c:43 builtin/notes.c:408
+#: builtin/notes.c:411 builtin/notes.c:571 builtin/notes.c:574
+#: builtin/tag.c:415
+msgid "object"
+msgstr "对象"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:629
+msgid "print only branches of the object"
+msgstr "�打�指�该对象的分支"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:631 builtin/for-each-ref.c:49 builtin/tag.c:422
+msgid "sorting and filtering are case insensitive"
+msgstr "排�和过滤属于大�写��感"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:881 builtin/clone.c:637
+#: builtin/branch.c:632 builtin/for-each-ref.c:38 builtin/tag.c:420
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:39
+msgid "format to use for the output"
+msgstr "输出格�"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:655 builtin/clone.c:737
 msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
 msgstr "HEAD 没有�于 /refs/heads 之下�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:903
+#: builtin/branch.c:678
 msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column 和 --verbose �兼容"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:914 builtin/branch.c:953
+#: builtin/branch.c:693 builtin/branch.c:745 builtin/branch.c:754
 msgid "branch name required"
 msgstr "必须�供分支�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:929
+#: builtin/branch.c:721
 msgid "Cannot give description to detached HEAD"
 msgstr "�能�分离头指针�供�述"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:934
+#: builtin/branch.c:726
 msgid "cannot edit description of more than one branch"
 msgstr "�能为一个以上的分支编辑�述"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:941
+#: builtin/branch.c:733
 #, c-format
 msgid "No commit on branch '%s' yet."
 msgstr "分支 '%s' 尚无�交。"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:944
+#: builtin/branch.c:736
 #, c-format
 msgid "No branch named '%s'."
 msgstr "没有分支 '%s'。"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:959
-msgid "too many branches for a rename operation"
-msgstr "为�命��作�供了太多的分支�"
+#: builtin/branch.c:751
+msgid "too many branches for a copy operation"
+msgstr "为拷��作�供了太多的分支�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:964
-msgid "too many branches to set new upstream"
-msgstr "为设置新上游�供了太多的分支�"
+#: builtin/branch.c:760
+msgid "too many arguments for a rename operation"
+msgstr "为�命��作�供了太多的�数"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:968
+#: builtin/branch.c:765
+msgid "too many arguments to set new upstream"
+msgstr "为设置新上游�供了太多的�数"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:769
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when it does not point to any branch."
 msgstr "无法设置 HEAD 的上游为 %s，因为 HEAD 没有指�任何分支。"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:971 builtin/branch.c:993 builtin/branch.c:1014
+#: builtin/branch.c:772 builtin/branch.c:794 builtin/branch.c:810
 #, c-format
 msgid "no such branch '%s'"
 msgstr "没有此分支 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:975
+#: builtin/branch.c:776
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "分支 '%s' �存在"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:987
-msgid "too many branches to unset upstream"
-msgstr "为�消上游设置�作�供了太多的分支�"
+#: builtin/branch.c:788
+msgid "too many arguments to unset upstream"
+msgstr "为�消上游设置�作�供了太多的�数"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:991
+#: builtin/branch.c:792
 msgid "could not unset upstream of HEAD when it does not point to any branch."
 msgstr "无法�消 HEAD 的上游设置因为它没有指�一个分支"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:997
+#: builtin/branch.c:798
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
 msgstr "分支 '%s' 没有上游信�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1011
-msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
-msgstr "手工创建 'HEAD' 没有�义"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1017
+#: builtin/branch.c:813
 msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
 msgstr "'git branch' 的 -a 和 -r 选项带一个分支��数没有�义"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:1020
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
-"track or --set-upstream-to\n"
-msgstr ""
-"选项 --set-upstream 已弃用并将被移除。考虑使用 --track 或 --set-upstream-to\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1037
-#, c-format
+#: builtin/branch.c:816
 msgid ""
-"\n"
-"If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
-"\n"
+"the '--set-upstream' option is no longer supported. Please use '--track' or "
+"'--set-upstream-to' instead."
 msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"如果你想用 '%s' 跟踪 '%s', 这么�：\n"
-"\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1038
-#, c-format
-msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
-msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:1039
-#, c-format
-msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
-msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+"��支�选项 '--set-upstream'。请使用 '--track' 或 '--set-upstream-to'。"
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#: builtin/bundle.c:45
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is okay\n"
 msgstr "%s �以\n"
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+#: builtin/bundle.c:58
 msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
-msgstr "需�一个版本库�创建包。"
+msgstr "需�一个仓库�创建包。"
 
-#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+#: builtin/bundle.c:62
 msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
-msgstr "需�一个版本库�解包。"
+msgstr "需�一个仓库�解包。"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:328
-msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
-msgstr "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<类型>|--textconv) <对象>"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:525
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <type> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<path>] <object>"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (-t [--allow-unknown-type] | -s [--allow-unknown-type] | -e | -"
+"p | <类型> | --textconv | --filters) [--path=<路径>] <对象>"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:329
-msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
-msgstr "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <对象列表>"
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:526
+msgid ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
+msgstr ""
+"git cat-file (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] [--textconv | --"
+"filters]"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:366
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:563
 msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 msgstr "<类型> �以是其中之一：blob�tree�commit�tag"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:367
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:564
 msgid "show object type"
 msgstr "显示对象类型"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:368
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:565
 msgid "show object size"
 msgstr "显示对象大�"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:370
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:567
 msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
 msgstr "当没有错误时退出并返回零"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:371
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:568
 msgid "pretty-print object's content"
 msgstr "美观地打�对象的内容"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:373
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:570
 msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
-msgstr "对于数�（blob）对象，对其内容执行 textconv"
+msgstr "对于数�对象，对其内容�文本转�"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:572
+msgid "for blob objects, run filters on object's content"
+msgstr "对于数�对象，对其内容�过滤"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:573 git-submodule.sh:894
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr "数�对象"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:574
+msgid "use a specific path for --textconv/--filters"
+msgstr "对于 --textconv/--filters 使用一个特定的路径"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:576
+msgid "allow -s and -t to work with broken/corrupt objects"
+msgstr "�许 -s 和 -t 对��的对象生效"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:577
+msgid "buffer --batch output"
+msgstr "缓冲 --batch 的输出"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:375
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:579
 msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr "显示从标准输入�供的对象的信�和内容"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:378
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:582
 msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr "显示从标准输入�供的对象的信�"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:11
-msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname..."
-msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] 路径�..."
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:585
+msgid "follow in-tree symlinks (used with --batch or --batch-check)"
+msgstr "跟�树内符�链接（和 --batch 或 --batch-check 共用）"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:587
+msgid "show all objects with --batch or --batch-check"
+msgstr "使用 --batch 或 --batch-check �数显示所有对象"
 
 #: builtin/check-attr.c:12
-msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>"
-msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <路径列表>"
+msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | <attr>...] [--] <pathname>..."
+msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | <属性>...] [--] <路径�>..."
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:13
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <attr>...]"
+msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | <属性>...]"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:19
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
 msgid "report all attributes set on file"
 msgstr "报告设置在文件上的所有属性"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21
 msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
 msgstr "�使用索引中的 .gitattributes"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/check-ignore.c:22 builtin/hash-object.c:98
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:22 builtin/check-ignore.c:24 builtin/hash-object.c:100
 msgid "read file names from stdin"
 msgstr "从标准输入读出文件�"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:23 builtin/check-ignore.c:24
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:24 builtin/check-ignore.c:26
 msgid "terminate input and output records by a NUL character"
 msgstr "输入和输出的记录使用 NUL 字符终结"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:18 builtin/checkout.c:1107 builtin/gc.c:274
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:20 builtin/checkout.c:1113 builtin/gc.c:500
 msgid "suppress progress reporting"
 msgstr "�显示进度报告"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:26
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
 msgid "show non-matching input paths"
 msgstr "显示未匹�的输入路径"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:28
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:30
 msgid "ignore index when checking"
 msgstr "检查时忽略索引"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:154
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
 msgid "cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
-msgstr "�能�时�供路径� --stdin �数"
+msgstr "�能�时指定路径� --stdin �数"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:157
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:162
 msgid "-z only makes sense with --stdin"
 msgstr "-z 需�和 --stdin �数共用�有�义"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:159
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:164
 msgid "no path specified"
 msgstr "未指定路径"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:163
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
 msgid "--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
 msgstr "�数 --quiet �在�供一个路径�时有效"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:165
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:170
 msgid "cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"
 msgstr "�能�时�供 --quiet 和 --verbose �数"
 
-#: builtin/check-ignore.c:168
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:173
 msgid "--non-matching is only valid with --verbose"
 msgstr "--non-matching 选项�在使用 --verbose 时有效"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:8
-msgid "git check-mailmap [options] <contact>..."
-msgstr "git check-mailmap [选项] <�系地�>..."
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:9
+msgid "git check-mailmap [<options>] <contact>..."
+msgstr "git check-mailmap [<选项>] <�系地�>..."
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:13
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:14
 msgid "also read contacts from stdin"
 msgstr "还从标准输入读��系地�"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:24
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:25
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse contact: %s"
 msgstr "�能解��系地�：%s"
 
-#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:47
+#: builtin/check-mailmap.c:48
 msgid "no contacts specified"
 msgstr "未指定�系地�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
-msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git checkout-index [选项] [--] [<文件>...]"
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:128
+msgid "git checkout-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git checkout-index [<选项>] [--] [<文件>...]"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:188
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:143
+msgid "stage should be between 1 and 3 or all"
+msgstr "索引值应该�值 1 到 3 或者 all"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:159
 msgid "check out all files in the index"
 msgstr "检出索引区的所有文件"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:189
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:160
 msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
 msgstr "强制覆盖现有的文件"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:191
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:162
 msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
 msgstr "存在或�在索引中的文件都没有警告"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:193
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:164
 msgid "don't checkout new files"
 msgstr "�检出新文件"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:195
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:166
 msgid "update stat information in the index file"
 msgstr "更新索引中文件的状�信�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:201
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:170
 msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
 msgstr "从标准输入读�路径列表"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:203
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:172
 msgid "write the content to temporary files"
 msgstr "将内容写入临时文件"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:204 builtin/column.c:30
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:173 builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1216 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1219
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1227 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1591
+#: builtin/worktree.c:610
 msgid "string"
 msgstr "字符串"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:205
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:174
 msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
-msgstr "在创建文件时，在��加上<字符串>"
+msgstr "在创建文件时，在��加上 <字符串>"
 
-#: builtin/checkout-index.c:208
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:176
 msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
 msgstr "从指定暂存区中拷出文件"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:25
-msgid "git checkout [options] <branch>"
-msgstr "git checkout [选项] <分支>"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:27
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] <branch>"
+msgstr "git checkout [<选项>] <分支>"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:26
-msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
-msgstr "git checkout [选项] [<分支>] -- <文件>..."
+#: builtin/checkout.c:28
+msgid "git checkout [<options>] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
+msgstr "git checkout [<选项>] [<分支>] -- <文件>..."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:132 builtin/checkout.c:165
+#: builtin/checkout.c:136 builtin/checkout.c:169
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
 msgstr "路径 '%s' 没有我们的版本"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:134 builtin/checkout.c:167
+#: builtin/checkout.c:138 builtin/checkout.c:171
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
 msgstr "路径 '%s' 没有他们的版本"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:150
+#: builtin/checkout.c:154
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
 msgstr "路径 '%s' 没有全部必须的版本"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:194
+#: builtin/checkout.c:198
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
 msgstr "路径 '%s' 没有必须的版本"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:211
+#: builtin/checkout.c:215
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
 msgstr "path '%s'：无法�并"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:228
+#: builtin/checkout.c:231
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
 msgstr "无法为 '%s' 添加�并结果"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:249 builtin/checkout.c:252 builtin/checkout.c:255
-#: builtin/checkout.c:258
+#: builtin/checkout.c:253 builtin/checkout.c:256 builtin/checkout.c:259
+#: builtin/checkout.c:262
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
 msgstr "'%s' �能在更新路径时使用"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:261 builtin/checkout.c:264
+#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:268
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr "'%s' �能和 %s �时使用"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:267
+#: builtin/checkout.c:271
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
 msgstr "�能�时更新路径并切�到分支'%s'。"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:278 builtin/checkout.c:467
-msgid "corrupt index file"
-msgstr "��的索引文件"
-
-#: builtin/checkout.c:338 builtin/checkout.c:345
+#: builtin/checkout.c:340 builtin/checkout.c:347
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
 msgstr "路径 '%s' 未�并"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:489
+#: builtin/checkout.c:506
 msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
 msgstr "您需�先解决当�索引的冲�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:615
+#: builtin/checkout.c:643
 #, c-format
-msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
-msgstr "�能对 '%s' 执行 reflog �作\n"
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "�能对 '%s' 执行 reflog �作：%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:653
+#: builtin/checkout.c:684
 msgid "HEAD is now at"
 msgstr "HEAD 目��于"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:660
+#: builtin/checkout.c:688 builtin/clone.c:691
+msgid "unable to update HEAD"
+msgstr "�能更新 HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:692
 #, c-format
 msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "�置分支 '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:663
+#: builtin/checkout.c:695
 #, c-format
 msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
 msgstr "已��于 '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:667
+#: builtin/checkout.c:699
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "切�并�置分支 '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:669 builtin/checkout.c:1050
+#: builtin/checkout.c:701 builtin/checkout.c:1046
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "切�到一个新分支 '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:671
+#: builtin/checkout.c:703
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "切�到分支 '%s'\n"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: builtin/checkout.c:723
+#: builtin/checkout.c:754
 #, c-format
 msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
 msgstr " ... �其它 %d 个。\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:729
+#: builtin/checkout.c:760
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
@@ -3465,168 +6963,187 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "\n"
 "%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:747
+#: builtin/checkout.c:779
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
+"If you want to keep it by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgid_plural ""
 "If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
 "to do so with:\n"
 "\n"
-" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+" git branch <new-branch-name> %s\n"
 "\n"
-msgstr ""
-"如果您想�通过创建新分支�存他们，这�能是一个好时候。\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"如果您想�通过创建新分支�存它，这�能是一个好时候。\n"
+"如下�作：\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch <新分支�> %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"如果您想�通过创建新分支�存它们，这�能是一个好时候。\n"
 "如下�作：\n"
 "\n"
-" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+" git branch <新分支�> %s\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:777
+#: builtin/checkout.c:811
 msgid "internal error in revision walk"
 msgstr "在版本�历时�到内部错误"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:781
+#: builtin/checkout.c:815
 msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
 msgstr "之�的 HEAD �置是"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:808 builtin/checkout.c:1045
+#: builtin/checkout.c:843 builtin/checkout.c:1041
 msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr "您�于一个尚未�始化的分支"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:952
+#: builtin/checkout.c:947
 #, c-format
 msgid "only one reference expected, %d given."
-msgstr "��一个引用，�给出了 %d 个"
+msgstr "应�有一个引用，�给出了 %d 个"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:991
+#: builtin/checkout.c:987 builtin/worktree.c:240 builtin/worktree.c:389
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid reference: %s"
 msgstr "无效引用：%s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1020
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
 #, c-format
 msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
 msgstr "引用�是一个树：%s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1059
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1055
 msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr "路径�能和切�分支�时使用"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1062 builtin/checkout.c:1066
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1058 builtin/checkout.c:1062
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr "'%s' �能和切�分支�时使用"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1070 builtin/checkout.c:1073 builtin/checkout.c:1078
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1081
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1066 builtin/checkout.c:1069 builtin/checkout.c:1074
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1077
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
 msgstr "'%s' �能和 '%s' �时使用"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1086
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1082
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
 msgstr "�能切�分支到一个��交 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1108 builtin/checkout.c:1110 builtin/clone.c:90
-#: builtin/remote.c:159 builtin/remote.c:161
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1114 builtin/checkout.c:1116 builtin/clone.c:118
+#: builtin/remote.c:167 builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/worktree.c:433
+#: builtin/worktree.c:435
 msgid "branch"
 msgstr "分支"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1109
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1115
 msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
 msgstr "创建并检出一个新的分支"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1111
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1117
 msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
 msgstr "创建/�置并检出一个分支"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1112
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1118
 msgid "create reflog for new branch"
 msgstr "为新的分支创建引用日志"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1113
-msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
-msgstr "�为指�该�交的分离头指针"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1119 builtin/worktree.c:437
+msgid "detach HEAD at named commit"
+msgstr "HEAD 从指定的�交分离"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1114
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1120
 msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
 msgstr "为新的分支设置上游信�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
 msgid "new-branch"
 msgstr "新分支"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
 msgid "new unparented branch"
 msgstr "新的没有父�交的分支"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1117
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1123
 msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
 msgstr "对尚未�并的文件检出我们的版本"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1119
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
 msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
 msgstr "对尚未�并的文件检出他们的版本"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1121
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1127
 msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
 msgstr "强制检出（丢弃本地修改）"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1122
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1129
 msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
-msgstr "和新的分支执行三路�并"
+msgstr "和新的分支执行三方�并"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1123 builtin/merge.c:227
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1131 builtin/merge.c:241
 msgid "update ignored files (default)"
 msgstr "更新忽略的文件（默认）"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1124 builtin/log.c:1239 parse-options.h:245
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1133 builtin/log.c:1499 parse-options.h:264
 msgid "style"
 msgstr "风格"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1134
 msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
 msgstr "冲�输出风格（merge 或 diff3）"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1128
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1137
 msgid "do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only"
 msgstr "对路径��稀�检出的�制"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1130
-msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
-msgstr "�者猜测'git checkout no-such-branch'"
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1139
+msgid "second guess 'git checkout <no-such-branch>'"
+msgstr "二次猜测'git checkout <无此分支>'"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1141
+msgid "do not check if another worktree is holding the given ref"
+msgstr "�检查指定的引用是�被其他工作区所�用"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1145 builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/fetch.c:149
+#: builtin/merge.c:238 builtin/pull.c:128 builtin/push.c:572
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:174
+msgid "force progress reporting"
+msgstr "强制显示进度报告"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1153
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1175
 msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
 msgstr "-b�-B 和 --orphan 是互斥的"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1170
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1192
 msgid "--track needs a branch name"
 msgstr "--track 需�一个分支�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1175
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1197
 msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
 msgstr "缺少分支�；�试 -b"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1212
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1233
 msgid "invalid path specification"
 msgstr "无效的路径规格"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1219
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1240
 #, c-format
-msgid ""
-"Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
-"Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
-msgstr ""
-"�能�时更新路径并切�到分支'%s'。\n"
-"您是想�检出 '%s' 但其未能解�为�交么？"
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit and a branch '%s' cannot be created from it"
+msgstr "'%s' �是一个�交，�能基于它创建分支 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1224
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1244
 #, c-format
 msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
 msgstr "git checkout：--detach �能接收路径�数 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1228
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1248
 msgid ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
 "checking out of the index."
@@ -3652,31 +7169,33 @@ msgstr "将删除 %s\n"
 #: builtin/clean.c:32
 #, c-format
 msgid "Skipping repository %s\n"
-msgstr "忽略版本库 %s\n"
+msgstr "忽略仓库 %s\n"
 
 #: builtin/clean.c:33
 #, c-format
 msgid "Would skip repository %s\n"
-msgstr "将忽略版本库 %s\n"
+msgstr "将忽略仓库 %s\n"
 
 #: builtin/clean.c:34
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to remove %s"
 msgstr "无法删除 %s"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:295
+#: builtin/clean.c:302 git-add--interactive.perl:579
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Prompt help:\n"
 "1          - select a numbered item\n"
 "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
-"           - (empty) select nothing"
+"           - (empty) select nothing\n"
 msgstr ""
 "帮助：\n"
 "1          - 通过编�选择一个选项\n"
-"foo        - 通过标题选择一个选项\n"
-"           - （空）什么也�选择"
+"foo        - 通过唯一�缀选择一个选项\n"
+"           - （空）什么也�选择\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:299
+#: builtin/clean.c:306 git-add--interactive.perl:588
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Prompt help:\n"
 "1          - select a single item\n"
@@ -3685,46 +7204,49 @@ msgid ""
 "foo        - select item based on unique prefix\n"
 "-...       - unselect specified items\n"
 "*          - choose all items\n"
-"           - (empty) finish selecting"
+"           - (empty) finish selecting\n"
 msgstr ""
 "帮助：\n"
 "1          - 选择一个选项\n"
 "3-5        - 选择一个范围内的所有选项\n"
 "2-3,6-9    - 选择多个范围内的所有选项\n"
-"foo        - 通过标题选择一个选项\n"
+"foo        - 通过唯一�缀选择一个选项\n"
 "-...       - �选特定的选项\n"
 "*          - 选择所有选项\n"
-"           - （空）结�选择"
+"           - （空）结�选择\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:517
-#, c-format
-msgid "Huh (%s)?"
-msgstr "嗯（%s）？"
+#: builtin/clean.c:522 git-add--interactive.perl:554
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:559
+#, c-format, perl-format
+msgid "Huh (%s)?\n"
+msgstr "嗯（%s）？\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:659
+#: builtin/clean.c:664
 #, c-format
 msgid "Input ignore patterns>> "
 msgstr "输入模版以排除�目>> "
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:696
+#: builtin/clean.c:701
 #, c-format
 msgid "WARNING: Cannot find items matched by: %s"
 msgstr "警告：无法找到和 %s 匹�的�目"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:717
+#: builtin/clean.c:722
 msgid "Select items to delete"
 msgstr "选择�删除的�目"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:757
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to keep [y/N] as is
+#: builtin/clean.c:763
 #, c-format
-msgid "remove %s? "
-msgstr "删除 %s？"
+msgid "Remove %s [y/N]? "
+msgstr "删除 %s [y/N]？"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:782
-msgid "Bye."
-msgstr "��。"
+#: builtin/clean.c:788 git-add--interactive.perl:1717
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bye.\n"
+msgstr "��。\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:790
+#: builtin/clean.c:796
 msgid ""
 "clean               - start cleaning\n"
 "filter by pattern   - exclude items from deletion\n"
@@ -3742,223 +7264,260 @@ msgstr ""
 "help                - 显示本帮助\n"
 "?                   - 显示如何在�示符下选择的帮助"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:817
+#: builtin/clean.c:823 git-add--interactive.perl:1793
 msgid "*** Commands ***"
 msgstr "*** 命令 ***"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:818
+#: builtin/clean.c:824 git-add--interactive.perl:1790
 msgid "What now"
 msgstr "请选择"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:826
+#: builtin/clean.c:832
 msgid "Would remove the following item:"
 msgid_plural "Would remove the following items:"
 msgstr[0] "将删除如下�目："
 msgstr[1] "将删除如下�目："
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:843
+#: builtin/clean.c:848
 msgid "No more files to clean, exiting."
 msgstr "没有�清�的文件，退出。"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:874
+#: builtin/clean.c:910
 msgid "do not print names of files removed"
 msgstr "�打�删除文件的�称"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:876
+#: builtin/clean.c:912
 msgid "force"
 msgstr "强制"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:877
+#: builtin/clean.c:913
 msgid "interactive cleaning"
 msgstr "交互�清除"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:879
+#: builtin/clean.c:915
 msgid "remove whole directories"
 msgstr "删除整个目录"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:880 builtin/describe.c:407 builtin/grep.c:714
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:486 builtin/name-rev.c:311 builtin/show-ref.c:185
+#: builtin/clean.c:916 builtin/describe.c:533 builtin/describe.c:535
+#: builtin/grep.c:871 builtin/log.c:157 builtin/log.c:159
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:548 builtin/name-rev.c:397 builtin/name-rev.c:399
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
 msgid "pattern"
 msgstr "模�"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:881
+#: builtin/clean.c:917
 msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
-msgstr "添加<模�>到忽略规则"
+msgstr "添加 <模�> 到忽略规则"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:882
+#: builtin/clean.c:918
 msgid "remove ignored files, too"
 msgstr "也删除忽略的文件"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:884
+#: builtin/clean.c:920
 msgid "remove only ignored files"
 msgstr "�删除忽略的文件"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:902
+#: builtin/clean.c:938
 msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
 msgstr "-x 和 -X �能�时使用"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:906
+#: builtin/clean.c:942
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce set to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; refusing to "
 "clean"
 msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce 设置为 true 且未�供 -i�-n 或 -f 选项，拒�执行清�动作"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:909
+#: builtin/clean.c:945
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -i, -n, nor -f given; "
 "refusing to clean"
 msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce 默认为 true 且未�供 -i�-n 或 -f 选项，拒�执行清�动作"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:37
-msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
-msgstr "git clone [选项] [--] <版本库> [<路径>]"
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:66 builtin/fetch.c:112 builtin/merge.c:224
-#: builtin/push.c:514
-msgid "force progress reporting"
-msgstr "强制显示进度报告"
+#: builtin/clone.c:42
+msgid "git clone [<options>] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+msgstr "git clone [<选项>] [--] <仓库> [<路径>]"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:68
+#: builtin/clone.c:87
 msgid "don't create a checkout"
 msgstr "�创建一个检出"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:69 builtin/clone.c:71 builtin/init-db.c:496
+#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/clone.c:90 builtin/init-db.c:479
 msgid "create a bare repository"
-msgstr "创建一个纯版本库"
+msgstr "创建一个纯仓库"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:73
+#: builtin/clone.c:92
 msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
-msgstr "创建一个镜�版本库（也是纯版本库）"
+msgstr "创建一个镜�仓库（也是纯仓库）"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:75
+#: builtin/clone.c:94
 msgid "to clone from a local repository"
-msgstr "从本地版本库克隆"
+msgstr "从本地仓库克隆"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:77
+#: builtin/clone.c:96
 msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
 msgstr "�使用本地硬链接，始终�制"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:79
+#: builtin/clone.c:98
 msgid "setup as shared repository"
-msgstr "设置为共享版本库"
+msgstr "设置为共享仓库"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:81 builtin/clone.c:83
+#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/clone.c:104
+msgid "pathspec"
+msgstr "路径规格"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/clone.c:104
 msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
 msgstr "在克隆时�始化�模组"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:493
+#: builtin/clone.c:107
+msgid "number of submodules cloned in parallel"
+msgstr "并�克隆的�模组的数�"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:108 builtin/init-db.c:476
 msgid "template-directory"
 msgstr "模�目录"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/init-db.c:494
+#: builtin/clone.c:109 builtin/init-db.c:477
 msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
 msgstr "模�目录将被使用"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:87
+#: builtin/clone.c:111 builtin/clone.c:113 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1223
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1594
 msgid "reference repository"
-msgstr "�考版本库"
+msgstr "�考仓库"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:115 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1225
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1596
+msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
+msgstr "仅在克隆时�考 --reference 指�的本地仓库"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/clone.c:116 builtin/column.c:27 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3166 builtin/repack.c:213
 msgid "name"
 msgstr "�称"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:89
+#: builtin/clone.c:117
 msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
-msgstr "使用<�称>而�是 'origin' 去跟踪上游"
+msgstr "使用 <�称> 而�是 'origin' 去跟踪上游"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:91
+#: builtin/clone.c:119
 msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
-msgstr "检出<分支>而�是远程HEAD"
+msgstr "检出 <分支> 而�是远程 HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:93
+#: builtin/clone.c:121
 msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
 msgstr "远程 git-upload-pack 路径"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:94 builtin/fetch.c:113 builtin/grep.c:659
+#: builtin/clone.c:122 builtin/fetch.c:150 builtin/grep.c:813
+#: builtin/pull.c:216
 msgid "depth"
 msgstr "深度"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:95
+#: builtin/clone.c:123
 msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
 msgstr "创建一个指定深度的浅克隆"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:97
+#: builtin/clone.c:124 builtin/fetch.c:152 builtin/pack-objects.c:3157
+#: parse-options.h:154
+msgid "time"
+msgstr "时间"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:125
+msgid "create a shallow clone since a specific time"
+msgstr "从一个特定时间创建一个浅克隆"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:126 builtin/fetch.c:154
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "版本"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:127 builtin/fetch.c:155
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone, excluding rev"
+msgstr "深化浅克隆的历�，除了特定版本"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:129
 msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
 msgstr "�克隆一个分支�HEAD 或 --branch"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:99
-msgid "use --reference only while cloning"
-msgstr "仅在克隆时�考 --reference 指�的本地版本库"
+#: builtin/clone.c:131
+msgid "don't clone any tags, and make later fetches not to follow them"
+msgstr "��克隆任何标签，并且�续获��作也�下载它们"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:100 builtin/init-db.c:502
+#: builtin/clone.c:133
+msgid "any cloned submodules will be shallow"
+msgstr "�模组将以浅下载模�克隆"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:134 builtin/init-db.c:485
 msgid "gitdir"
 msgstr "git目录"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:101 builtin/init-db.c:503
+#: builtin/clone.c:135 builtin/init-db.c:486
 msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
 msgstr "git目录和工作区分离"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:102
+#: builtin/clone.c:136
 msgid "key=value"
 msgstr "key=value"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:103
+#: builtin/clone.c:137
 msgid "set config inside the new repository"
-msgstr "在新版本库中设置�置信�"
+msgstr "在新仓库中设置�置信�"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:256
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
-msgstr "�考版本库 '%s' �是一个本地版本库。"
+#: builtin/clone.c:138 builtin/fetch.c:173 builtin/pull.c:229
+#: builtin/push.c:583
+msgid "use IPv4 addresses only"
+msgstr "�使用 IPv4 地�"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:260
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is shallow"
-msgstr "�考版本库 '%s' 是一个浅克隆"
+#: builtin/clone.c:140 builtin/fetch.c:175 builtin/pull.c:232
+#: builtin/push.c:585
+msgid "use IPv6 addresses only"
+msgstr "�使用 IPv6 地�"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:263
-#, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is grafted"
-msgstr "�考版本库 '%s' 已被�接"
+#: builtin/clone.c:278
+msgid ""
+"No directory name could be guessed.\n"
+"Please specify a directory on the command line"
+msgstr ""
+"无法猜到目录�。\n"
+"请在命令行指定一个目录"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:325
+#: builtin/clone.c:331
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
-msgstr "无法创建目录 '%s'"
+msgid "info: Could not add alternate for '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "info: �能为 '%s' 添加一个备用：%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:327 builtin/diff.c:84
+#: builtin/clone.c:403
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
-msgstr "无法枚举 '%s' 状�"
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr "无法打开 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:329
+#: builtin/clone.c:411
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
 msgstr "%s 存在且�是一个目录"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:343
+#: builtin/clone.c:425
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
-msgstr "无法枚举 %s 状�\n"
+msgstr "对 %s 调用 stat 失败\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:365
+#: builtin/clone.c:447
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
 msgstr "无法创建链接 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:369
+#: builtin/clone.c:451
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
 msgstr "无法拷�文件至 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:392 builtin/clone.c:566
+#: builtin/clone.c:477
 #, c-format
 msgid "done.\n"
 msgstr "完�。\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:404
+#: builtin/clone.c:491
 msgid ""
 "Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
 "You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
@@ -3968,148 +7527,162 @@ msgstr ""
 "您�以通过 'git status' 检查哪些已被检出，然�使用命令\n"
 "'git checkout -f HEAD' �试\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:481
+#: builtin/clone.c:568
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
 msgstr "�能�现�克隆的远程分支 %s。"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:561
-#, c-format
-msgid "Checking connectivity... "
-msgstr "检查连接... "
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:564
+#: builtin/clone.c:663
 msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
 msgstr "远程没有��所有必须的对象"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:628
+#: builtin/clone.c:679
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to update %s"
+msgstr "�能更新 %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:728
 msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
 msgstr "远程 HEAD 指�一个�存在的引用，无法检出。\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:659
+#: builtin/clone.c:758
 msgid "unable to checkout working tree"
 msgstr "�能检出工作区"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:746
+#: builtin/clone.c:803
+msgid "unable to write parameters to config file"
+msgstr "无法将�数写入�置文件"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:866
 msgid "cannot repack to clean up"
 msgstr "无法执行 repack �清�"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:748
+#: builtin/clone.c:868
 msgid "cannot unlink temporary alternates file"
 msgstr "无法删除临时的 alternates 文件"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:778
+#: builtin/clone.c:907 builtin/receive-pack.c:1947
 msgid "Too many arguments."
 msgstr "太多�数。"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:782
+#: builtin/clone.c:911
 msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
-msgstr "您必须指定一个版本库�克隆。"
+msgstr "您必须指定一个仓库�克隆。"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:793
+#: builtin/clone.c:924
 #, c-format
 msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
 msgstr "--bare 和 --origin %s 选项�兼容。"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:796
+#: builtin/clone.c:927
 msgid "--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."
 msgstr "--bare 和 --separate-git-dir 选项�兼容。"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:809
+#: builtin/clone.c:940
 #, c-format
 msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
-msgstr "版本库 '%s' �存在"
+msgstr "仓库 '%s' �存在"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:815 builtin/fetch.c:1155
+#: builtin/clone.c:946 builtin/fetch.c:1460
 #, c-format
 msgid "depth %s is not a positive number"
 msgstr "深度 %s �是一个正数"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:825
+#: builtin/clone.c:956
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
 msgstr "目标路径 '%s' 已�存在，并且�是一个空目录。"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:835
+#: builtin/clone.c:966
 #, c-format
 msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "工作区 '%s' 已�存在。"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:848 builtin/clone.c:860
+#: builtin/clone.c:981 builtin/clone.c:1002 builtin/difftool.c:270
+#: builtin/worktree.c:246 builtin/worktree.c:276
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
 msgstr "�能为 '%s' 创建先导目录"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:851
+#: builtin/clone.c:986
 #, c-format
-msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
-msgstr "�能为 '%s' 创建工作区目录。"
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'"
+msgstr "�能创建工作区目录 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:870
+#: builtin/clone.c:1006
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
-msgstr "克隆到纯版本库 '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "克隆到纯仓库 '%s'...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:872
+#: builtin/clone.c:1008
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
 msgstr "正克隆到 '%s'...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:897
-msgid "--dissociate given, but there is no --reference"
-msgstr "�供了�数 --dissociate，但未�供 --reference"
+#: builtin/clone.c:1032
+msgid ""
+"clone --recursive is not compatible with both --reference and --reference-if-"
+"able"
+msgstr "clone --recursive 和 --reference 以� --reference-if-able �兼容"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:912
+#: builtin/clone.c:1093
 msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
-msgstr "--depth 在本地克隆被忽略，改为 file:// �议试试。"
+msgstr "--depth 在本地克隆时被忽略，请改用 file:// �议。"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:915
+#: builtin/clone.c:1095
+msgid "--shallow-since is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--shallow-since 在本地克隆时被忽略，请改用 file:// �议。"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1097
+msgid "--shallow-exclude is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--shallow-exclude 在本地克隆时被忽略，请改用 file:// �议。"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1099
+msgid "--filter is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--filter 在本地克隆时被忽略，请改用 file:// �议。"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:1102
 msgid "source repository is shallow, ignoring --local"
-msgstr "�版本库是浅克隆，忽略 --local"
+msgstr "�仓库是浅克隆，忽略 --local"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:920
+#: builtin/clone.c:1107
 msgid "--local is ignored"
 msgstr "--local 被忽略"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:924
-#, c-format
-msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
-msgstr "�知�如何克隆 %s"
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:975 builtin/clone.c:983
+#: builtin/clone.c:1169 builtin/clone.c:1177
 #, c-format
 msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
 msgstr "远程分支 %s 在上游 %s 未�现"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:986
+#: builtin/clone.c:1180
 msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
-msgstr "您似乎克隆了一个空版本库。"
+msgstr "您似乎克隆了一个空仓库。"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:9
-msgid "git column [options]"
-msgstr "git column [选项]"
+#: builtin/column.c:10
+msgid "git column [<options>]"
+msgstr "git column [<选项>]"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:26
+#: builtin/column.c:27
 msgid "lookup config vars"
 msgstr "查找�置��"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:27 builtin/column.c:28
+#: builtin/column.c:28 builtin/column.c:29
 msgid "layout to use"
 msgstr "�使用的布局"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:29
+#: builtin/column.c:30
 msgid "Maximum width"
 msgstr "最大宽度"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:30
+#: builtin/column.c:31
 msgid "Padding space on left border"
 msgstr "左边框的填充空间"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:31
+#: builtin/column.c:32
 msgid "Padding space on right border"
 msgstr "�边框的填充空间"
 
-#: builtin/column.c:32
+#: builtin/column.c:33
 msgid "Padding space between columns"
 msgstr "两列之间的填充空间"
 
@@ -4118,62 +7691,15 @@ msgid "--command must be the first argument"
 msgstr "--command 必须是第一个�数"
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:37
-msgid "git commit [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git commit [选项] [--] <路径规则>..."
+msgid "git commit [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git commit [<选项>] [--] <路径规格>..."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:42
-msgid "git status [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
-msgstr "git status [选项] [--] <路径规则>..."
+msgid "git status [<options>] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git status [<选项>] [--] <路径规格>..."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:47
 msgid ""
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
-"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
-"your configuration file:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global --edit\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-msgstr ""
-"您的姓�和邮件地�基于登录�和主机�进行了自动设置。请检查它们正确\n"
-"与�。您�以对其进行设置以��出现本�示信�。�行如下命令在编辑器\n"
-"中编辑您的�置文件：\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global --edit\n"
-"\n"
-"设置完毕�，您�以用下�的命令�修正本次�交所使用的用户身份：\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:60
-msgid ""
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
-"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
-"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
-"\n"
-"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-msgstr ""
-"您的姓�和邮件地�基于登录�和主机�进行了自动设置。请检查它们正确\n"
-"与�。您�以对其进行设置以��出现本�示信�：\n"
-"\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
-"\n"
-"设置完毕�，您�以用下�的命令�修正本次�交所使用的用户身份：\n"
-"\n"
-"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:72
-msgid ""
 "You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
 "it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
 "remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
@@ -4181,7 +7707,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "您�修补最近的�交，但这么�会让它�为空�交。您�以��您的命令并带上\n"
 "--allow-empty 选项，或者您�用命令 \"git reset HEAD^\" 整个删除该�交。\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:77
+#: builtin/commit.c:52
 msgid ""
 "The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
 "If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
@@ -4195,11 +7721,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "    git commit --allow-empty\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:84
+#: builtin/commit.c:59
 msgid "Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
 msgstr "�则，请使用命令 'git reset'\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:87
+#: builtin/commit.c:62
 msgid ""
 "If you wish to skip this commit, use:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -4215,112 +7741,98 @@ msgstr ""
 "然�执行 \"git cherry-pick --continue\" 继续对其余�交执行拣选\n"
 "�作。\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:302
+#: builtin/commit.c:293
 msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
 msgstr "无法解包 HEAD 树对象"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:342
+#: builtin/commit.c:334
 msgid "unable to create temporary index"
 msgstr "�能创建临时索引"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:348
+#: builtin/commit.c:340
 msgid "interactive add failed"
 msgstr "交互�添加失败"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:359
-msgid "unable to write index file"
-msgstr "无法写入索引文件"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:361
+#: builtin/commit.c:353
 msgid "unable to update temporary index"
 msgstr "无法更新临时索引"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:363
+#: builtin/commit.c:355
 msgid "Failed to update main cache tree"
 msgstr "�能更新树的主缓存"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:387 builtin/commit.c:412 builtin/commit.c:461
+#: builtin/commit.c:380 builtin/commit.c:403 builtin/commit.c:449
 msgid "unable to write new_index file"
 msgstr "无法写 new_index 文件"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:443
+#: builtin/commit.c:432
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
 msgstr "在�并过程中�能�部分�交。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:445
+#: builtin/commit.c:434
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
 msgstr "在拣选过程中�能�部分�交。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:454
+#: builtin/commit.c:442
 msgid "cannot read the index"
 msgstr "无法读�索引"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:473
+#: builtin/commit.c:461
 msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
 msgstr "无法写临时索引文件"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:584
+#: builtin/commit.c:558
 #, c-format
 msgid "commit '%s' lacks author header"
 msgstr "�交 '%s' 缺少作者信�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:586
+#: builtin/commit.c:560
 #, c-format
 msgid "commit '%s' has malformed author line"
-msgstr "�交 '%s' 有�法的作者信�"
+msgstr "�交 '%s' 有格�错误的作者信�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:605
+#: builtin/commit.c:579
 msgid "malformed --author parameter"
-msgstr "�法的 --author �数"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:613
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid date format: %s"
-msgstr "无效的日期格�：%s"
+msgstr "格�错误的 --author �数"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:657
+#: builtin/commit.c:631
 msgid ""
 "unable to select a comment character that is not used\n"
 "in the current commit message"
 msgstr "无法选择一个未被当��交说明使用的注释字符"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:694 builtin/commit.c:727 builtin/commit.c:1084
+#: builtin/commit.c:668 builtin/commit.c:701 builtin/commit.c:1029
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
 msgstr "�能查询�交 %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:706 builtin/shortlog.c:273
+#: builtin/commit.c:680 builtin/shortlog.c:316
 #, c-format
 msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
 msgstr "（正从标准输入中读�日志信�）\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:708
+#: builtin/commit.c:682
 msgid "could not read log from standard input"
 msgstr "�能从标准输入中读�日志信�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:712
+#: builtin/commit.c:686
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
 msgstr "�能读�日志文件 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:734
-msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
-msgstr "�能读� MERGE_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:738
+#: builtin/commit.c:715 builtin/commit.c:723
 msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr "�能读� SQUASH_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:742
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not read '%s'"
-msgstr "�能读� '%s'"
+#: builtin/commit.c:720
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "�能读� MERGE_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:789
+#: builtin/commit.c:774
 msgid "could not write commit template"
 msgstr "�能写�交模版"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:807
+#: builtin/commit.c:792
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -4334,7 +7846,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "然��试。\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:812
+#: builtin/commit.c:797
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -4348,7 +7860,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "然��试。\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:825
+#: builtin/commit.c:810
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
@@ -4357,7 +7869,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "请为您的�更输入�交说明。以 '%c' 开始的行将被忽略，而一个空的�交\n"
 "说明将会终止�交。\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:832
+#: builtin/commit.c:818
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
@@ -4368,911 +7880,1145 @@ msgstr ""
 "也�以删除它们。一个空的�交说明将会终止�交。\n"
 
 #  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#: builtin/commit.c:852
+#: builtin/commit.c:835
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sAuthor:    %.*s <%.*s>"
 msgstr "%s作者：  %.*s <%.*s>"
 
 #  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#: builtin/commit.c:860
+#: builtin/commit.c:843
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sDate:      %s"
 msgstr "%s日期：  %s"
 
 #  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#: builtin/commit.c:867
+#: builtin/commit.c:850
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sCommitter: %.*s <%.*s>"
 msgstr "%s�交者：%.*s <%.*s>"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:885
+#: builtin/commit.c:867
 msgid "Cannot read index"
 msgstr "无法读�索引"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:942
+#: builtin/commit.c:933
 msgid "Error building trees"
 msgstr "无法创建树对象"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:957 builtin/tag.c:495
+#: builtin/commit.c:947 builtin/tag.c:257
 #, c-format
 msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
 msgstr "请使用 -m 或 -F 选项�供�交说明。\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1059
+#: builtin/commit.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "--author '%s' is not 'Name <email>' and matches no existing author"
+msgstr "--author '%s' �是 '姓� <邮箱>' 格�，且未能在现有作者中找到匹�"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1005
 #, c-format
-msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
-msgstr "没有找到匹� '%s' 的作者"
+msgid "Invalid ignored mode '%s'"
+msgstr "无效的忽略模� '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1074 builtin/commit.c:1314
+#: builtin/commit.c:1019 builtin/commit.c:1269
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
 msgstr "无效的未追踪文件�数 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1111
+#: builtin/commit.c:1057
 msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
 msgstr "--long 和 -z 选项�兼容"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1141
+#: builtin/commit.c:1090
 msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
 msgstr "�时使用 --reset-author 和 --author 没有�义"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1150
+#: builtin/commit.c:1099
 msgid "You have nothing to amend."
 msgstr "您没有�修补的�交。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1153
+#: builtin/commit.c:1102
 msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
 msgstr "您正处于一个�并过程中 -- 无法修补�交。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1155
+#: builtin/commit.c:1104
 msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
 msgstr "您正处于一个拣选过程中 -- 无法修补�交。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1158
+#: builtin/commit.c:1107
 msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
 msgstr "选项 --squash 和 --fixup �能�时使用"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1168
+#: builtin/commit.c:1117
 msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
 msgstr "�能用一个 -c/-C/-F/--fixup 选项。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1170
-msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
-msgstr "选项 -m �能和 -c/-C/-F/--fixup �时使用。"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1119
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F."
+msgstr "选项 -m �能和 -c/-C/-F �时使用。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1178
+#: builtin/commit.c:1127
 msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
 msgstr "--reset-author �能和 -C�-c 或 --amend �时使用。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1195
+#: builtin/commit.c:1144
 msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
 msgstr "�能用一个 --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch 选项。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1197
+#: builtin/commit.c:1146
 msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
 msgstr "�数 --include/--only �跟路径没有�义。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1199
-msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
-msgstr "�明... 在索引�干净下修补最�的�交。"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1201
-msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i or -o; assuming --only paths..."
-msgstr "指定了明确的路径而没有使用 -i 或 -o 选项，认为是 --only paths..."
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1213 builtin/tag.c:728
+#: builtin/commit.c:1160 builtin/tag.c:543
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
 msgstr "无效的清�模� %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1218
+#: builtin/commit.c:1165
 msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
 msgstr "路径和 -a 选项�时使用没有�义。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1328 builtin/commit.c:1608
+#: builtin/commit.c:1303 builtin/commit.c:1480
 msgid "show status concisely"
 msgstr "以简�的格�显示状�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1330 builtin/commit.c:1610
+#: builtin/commit.c:1305 builtin/commit.c:1482
 msgid "show branch information"
 msgstr "显示分支信�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1332 builtin/commit.c:1612 builtin/push.c:500
+#: builtin/commit.c:1307
+msgid "show stash information"
+msgstr "显示贮�区信�"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1309 builtin/commit.c:1484
+msgid "compute full ahead/behind values"
+msgstr "计算完整的领先/��值"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1311
+msgid "version"
+msgstr "版本"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1311 builtin/commit.c:1486 builtin/push.c:558
+#: builtin/worktree.c:581
 msgid "machine-readable output"
 msgstr "机器�读的输出"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1335 builtin/commit.c:1614
+#: builtin/commit.c:1314 builtin/commit.c:1488
 msgid "show status in long format (default)"
 msgstr "以长格�显示状�（默认）"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1338 builtin/commit.c:1617
+#: builtin/commit.c:1317 builtin/commit.c:1491
 msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
-msgstr "�目以NUL字符结尾"
+msgstr "�目以 NUL 字符结尾"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1340 builtin/commit.c:1620 builtin/fast-export.c:980
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:983 builtin/tag.c:603
+#: builtin/commit.c:1319 builtin/commit.c:1323 builtin/commit.c:1494
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1001 builtin/fast-export.c:1004 builtin/tag.c:397
 msgid "mode"
 msgstr "模�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1341 builtin/commit.c:1620
+#: builtin/commit.c:1320 builtin/commit.c:1494
 msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
 msgstr "显示未跟踪的文件，“模��的�选�数：all�normal�no。（默认：all）"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1344
-msgid "show ignored files"
-msgstr "显示忽略的文件"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1324
+msgid ""
+"show ignored files, optional modes: traditional, matching, no. (Default: "
+"traditional)"
+msgstr ""
+"显示已忽略的文件，�选模�：traditional�matching�no。（默认：traditional）"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1345 parse-options.h:153
+#: builtin/commit.c:1326 parse-options.h:167
 msgid "when"
 msgstr "何时"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1346
+#: builtin/commit.c:1327
 msgid ""
 "ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Default: all)"
 msgstr ""
 "忽略�模组的更改，“何时�的�选�数：all�dirty�untracked。（默认：all）"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1348
+#: builtin/commit.c:1329
 msgid "list untracked files in columns"
 msgstr "以列的方�显示未跟踪的文件"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1435
-msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
-msgstr "无法找到新创建的�交"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1437
-msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
-msgstr "�能解�新创建的�交"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1330
+msgid "do not detect renames"
+msgstr "�检测�命�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1482
-msgid "detached HEAD"
-msgstr "分离头指针"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1332
+msgid "detect renames, optionally set similarity index"
+msgstr "检测�命�，�以设置索引相似度"
 
-#  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
-#: builtin/commit.c:1485
-msgid " (root-commit)"
-msgstr "（根�交）"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1352
+msgid "Unsupported combination of ignored and untracked-files arguments"
+msgstr "�支�已忽略和未跟踪文件�数的组�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1578
+#: builtin/commit.c:1450
 msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
 msgstr "�交�功��显示概述信�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1579
+#: builtin/commit.c:1451
 msgid "show diff in commit message template"
 msgstr "在�交说明模�里显示差异"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1581
+#: builtin/commit.c:1453
 msgid "Commit message options"
 msgstr "�交说明选项"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1582 builtin/tag.c:601
+#: builtin/commit.c:1454 builtin/tag.c:394
 msgid "read message from file"
 msgstr "从文件中读��交说明"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1583
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
 msgid "author"
 msgstr "作者"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1583
+#: builtin/commit.c:1455
 msgid "override author for commit"
 msgstr "�交时覆盖作者"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1584 builtin/gc.c:275
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456 builtin/gc.c:501
 msgid "date"
 msgstr "日期"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1584
+#: builtin/commit.c:1456
 msgid "override date for commit"
 msgstr "�交时覆盖日期"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1585 builtin/merge.c:218 builtin/notes.c:391
-#: builtin/notes.c:554 builtin/tag.c:599
+#: builtin/commit.c:1457 builtin/merge.c:228 builtin/notes.c:402
+#: builtin/notes.c:565 builtin/tag.c:392
 msgid "message"
 msgstr "说明"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1585
+#: builtin/commit.c:1457
 msgid "commit message"
 msgstr "�交说明"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1586
+#: builtin/commit.c:1458 builtin/commit.c:1459 builtin/commit.c:1460
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461 parse-options.h:270 ref-filter.h:92
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "�交"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1458
 msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
 msgstr "�用并编辑指定�交的�交说明"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1587
+#: builtin/commit.c:1459
 msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
 msgstr "�用指定�交的�交说明"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1588
+#: builtin/commit.c:1460
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
 msgstr "使用 autosquash 格�的�交说明用以修正指定的�交"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1589
+#: builtin/commit.c:1461
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
 msgstr "使用 autosquash 格�的�交说明用以压缩至指定的�交"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+#: builtin/commit.c:1462
 msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
 msgstr "现在将该�交的作者改为我（和 -C/-c/--amend �数共用）"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1591 builtin/log.c:1191 builtin/revert.c:86
+#: builtin/commit.c:1463 builtin/log.c:1446 builtin/merge.c:242
+#: builtin/pull.c:154 builtin/revert.c:105
 msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
 msgstr "添加 Signed-off-by: 签�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1592
+#: builtin/commit.c:1464
 msgid "use specified template file"
 msgstr "使用指定的模�文件"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1593
+#: builtin/commit.c:1465
 msgid "force edit of commit"
 msgstr "强制编辑�交"
 
 #  译者：�选值，�能翻译（或是原文中笔误，应为 mode）
-#: builtin/commit.c:1594
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466
 msgid "default"
 msgstr "default"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1594 builtin/tag.c:604
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466 builtin/tag.c:398
 msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
 msgstr "设置如何删除�交说明里的空格和#注释"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1595
+#: builtin/commit.c:1467
 msgid "include status in commit message template"
 msgstr "在�交说明模�里包�状�信�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1596 builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/revert.c:92
-#: builtin/tag.c:605
-msgid "key-id"
-msgstr "key-id"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1597 builtin/merge.c:226 builtin/revert.c:93
+#: builtin/commit.c:1469 builtin/merge.c:240 builtin/pull.c:184
+#: builtin/revert.c:113
 msgid "GPG sign commit"
 msgstr "GPG �交签�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1600
+#: builtin/commit.c:1472
 msgid "Commit contents options"
 msgstr "�交内容选项"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1601
+#: builtin/commit.c:1473
 msgid "commit all changed files"
 msgstr "�交所有改动的文件"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1602
+#: builtin/commit.c:1474
 msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
 msgstr "添加指定的文件到索引区等待�交"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1603
+#: builtin/commit.c:1475
 msgid "interactively add files"
 msgstr "交互�添加文件"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1604
+#: builtin/commit.c:1476
 msgid "interactively add changes"
 msgstr "交互�添加�更"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1605
+#: builtin/commit.c:1477
 msgid "commit only specified files"
 msgstr "��交指定的文件"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1606
-msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
-msgstr "绕过 pre-commit 钩�"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1478
+msgid "bypass pre-commit and commit-msg hooks"
+msgstr "绕过 pre-commit 和 commit-msg 钩�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1607
+#: builtin/commit.c:1479
 msgid "show what would be committed"
 msgstr "显示将��交的内容"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1618
+#: builtin/commit.c:1492
 msgid "amend previous commit"
 msgstr "修改先�的�交"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1619
+#: builtin/commit.c:1493
 msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
 msgstr "绕过 post-rewrite 钩�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1624
+#: builtin/commit.c:1498
 msgid "ok to record an empty change"
 msgstr "�许一个空�交"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1626
+#: builtin/commit.c:1500
 msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
 msgstr "�许空的�交说明"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1655
-msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
-msgstr "�能解� HEAD �交"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1694 builtin/merge.c:519
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
-msgstr "�能为读入打开 '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1701
+#: builtin/commit.c:1573
 #, c-format
 msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
 msgstr "��的 MERGE_HEAD 文件（%s）"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1708
+#: builtin/commit.c:1580
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
 msgstr "�能读� MERGE_MODE"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1727
+#: builtin/commit.c:1599
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
 msgstr "�能读��交说明：%s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1738
-#, c-format
-msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
-msgstr "终止�交；您未更改�自模版的�交说明。\n"
-
-#: builtin/commit.c:1743
+#: builtin/commit.c:1610
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
 msgstr "终止�交因为�交说明为空。\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1758 builtin/merge.c:851 builtin/merge.c:876
-msgid "failed to write commit object"
-msgstr "无法写�交对象"
+#: builtin/commit.c:1615
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
+msgstr "终止�交；您未更改�自模版的�交说明。\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1791
+#: builtin/commit.c:1650
 msgid ""
 "Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
 "new_index file. Check that disk is not full and quota is\n"
 "not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
 msgstr ""
-"版本库已更新，但无法写 new_index 文件。检查是��盘已满\n"
+"仓库已更新，但无法写 new_index 文件。检查是��盘已满\n"
 "或�盘��已耗尽，然�执行 \"git reset HEAD\" ��。"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:8
-msgid "git config [options]"
-msgstr "git config [选项]"
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:9
+msgid "git commit-graph [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+msgstr "git commit-graph [--object-dir <对象目录>]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:10 builtin/commit-graph.c:16
+msgid "git commit-graph read [--object-dir <objdir>]"
+msgstr "git commit-graph read [--object-dir <对象目录>]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:11 builtin/commit-graph.c:21
+msgid ""
+"git commit-graph write [--object-dir <objdir>] [--append] [--stdin-packs|--"
+"stdin-commits]"
+msgstr ""
+"git commit-graph write [--object-dir <对象目录>] [--append] [--stdin-packs|--"
+"stdin-commits]"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:39 builtin/commit-graph.c:92
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:147 builtin/fetch.c:161 builtin/log.c:1466
+msgid "dir"
+msgstr "目录"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:40 builtin/commit-graph.c:93
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:148
+msgid "The object directory to store the graph"
+msgstr "�存图形的对象目录"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:95
+msgid "scan pack-indexes listed by stdin for commits"
+msgstr "从标准输入中的包索引文件列表中扫��交"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:97
+msgid "start walk at commits listed by stdin"
+msgstr "从标准输入中的�交开始扫�"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:99
+msgid "include all commits already in the commit-graph file"
+msgstr "包� commit-graph 文件中已有所有�交"
+
+#: builtin/commit-graph.c:108
+msgid "cannot use both --stdin-commits and --stdin-packs"
+msgstr "�能�时使用 --stdin-commits 和 --stdin-packs 选项"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:53
+#: builtin/config.c:10
+msgid "git config [<options>]"
+msgstr "git config [<选项>]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:101
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized --type argument, %s"
+msgstr "未能识别的 --type �数，%s"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:123
 msgid "Config file location"
 msgstr "�置文件�置"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:54
+#: builtin/config.c:124
 msgid "use global config file"
 msgstr "使用全局�置文件"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:55
+#: builtin/config.c:125
 msgid "use system config file"
 msgstr "使用系统级�置文件"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:56
+#: builtin/config.c:126
 msgid "use repository config file"
-msgstr "使用版本库级�置文件"
+msgstr "使用仓库级�置文件"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:57
+#: builtin/config.c:127
 msgid "use given config file"
 msgstr "使用指定的�置文件"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:58
+#: builtin/config.c:128
 msgid "blob-id"
-msgstr "数�对象ID"
+msgstr "数�对象 ID"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:58
+#: builtin/config.c:128
 msgid "read config from given blob object"
 msgstr "从给定的数�对象读��置"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:59
+#: builtin/config.c:129
 msgid "Action"
 msgstr "�作"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:60
+#: builtin/config.c:130
 msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "获�值：name [value-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:61
+#: builtin/config.c:131
 msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
 msgstr "获得所有的值：key [value-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:62
+#: builtin/config.c:132
 msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
 msgstr "根�正则表达�获得值：name-regex [value-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:63
+#: builtin/config.c:133
 msgid "get value specific for the URL: section[.var] URL"
 msgstr "获得 URL �值：section[.var] URL"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:64
+#: builtin/config.c:134
 msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
 msgstr "替�所有匹�的��：name value [value_regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:65
+#: builtin/config.c:135
 msgid "add a new variable: name value"
 msgstr "添加一个新的��：name value"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:66
+#: builtin/config.c:136
 msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "删除一个��：name [value-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:67
+#: builtin/config.c:137
 msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
 msgstr "删除所有匹�项：name [value-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:68
+#: builtin/config.c:138
 msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
 msgstr "�命��节：old-name new-name"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:69
+#: builtin/config.c:139
 msgid "remove a section: name"
 msgstr "删除一个�节：name"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:70
+#: builtin/config.c:140
 msgid "list all"
 msgstr "列出所有"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:71
+#: builtin/config.c:141
 msgid "open an editor"
 msgstr "打开一个编辑器"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:72
+#: builtin/config.c:142
 msgid "find the color configured: slot [default]"
 msgstr "获得�置的颜色：�置 [默认]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:73
+#: builtin/config.c:143
 msgid "find the color setting: slot [stdout-is-tty]"
 msgstr "获得颜色设置：�置 [stdout-is-tty]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:74
+#: builtin/config.c:144
 msgid "Type"
 msgstr "类型"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:75
+#: builtin/config.c:145
+msgid "value is given this type"
+msgstr "�值为该类型"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:146
 msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
 msgstr "值是 \"true\" 或 \"false\""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:76
+#: builtin/config.c:147
 msgid "value is decimal number"
 msgstr "值是�进制数"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:77
+#: builtin/config.c:148
 msgid "value is --bool or --int"
 msgstr "值是 --bool or --int"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:78
+#: builtin/config.c:149
 msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
 msgstr "值是一个路径（文件或目录�）"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:79
+#: builtin/config.c:150
+msgid "value is an expiry date"
+msgstr "值是一个到期日期"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:151
 msgid "Other"
 msgstr "其它"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:80
+#: builtin/config.c:152
 msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
-msgstr "终止值是NUL字节"
+msgstr "终止值是 NUL 字节"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:153
+msgid "show variable names only"
+msgstr "�显示���"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:81
+#: builtin/config.c:154
 msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
 msgstr "查询时�照 include 指令递归查找"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:316
+#: builtin/config.c:155
+msgid "show origin of config (file, standard input, blob, command line)"
+msgstr "显示�置的��（文件�标准输入�数�对象，或命令行）"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:156
+msgid "value"
+msgstr "�值"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:156
+msgid "with --get, use default value when missing entry"
+msgstr "使用 --get �数，当缺少设置时使用默认值"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:332
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to format default config value: %s"
+msgstr "无法格�化默认�置�值：%s"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:431
 msgid "unable to parse default color value"
-msgstr "�能解�缺�的颜色值"
+msgstr "�能解�默认颜色值"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:457
+#: builtin/config.c:575
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "# This is Git's per-user configuration file.\n"
-"[core]\n"
+"[user]\n"
 "# Please adapt and uncomment the following lines:\n"
-"#\tuser = %s\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
 "#\temail = %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 "# This is Git's per-user configuration file.\n"
-"[core]\n"
+"[user]\n"
 "# Please adapt and uncomment the following lines:\n"
-"#\tuser = %s\n"
+"#\tname = %s\n"
 "#\temail = %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:589
+#: builtin/config.c:603
+msgid "--local can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr "--local �能在一个仓库内使用"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:606
+msgid "--blob can only be used inside a git repository"
+msgstr "--blob �能在一个仓库内使用"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:735
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot create configuration file %s"
 msgstr "�能创建�置文件 %s"
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:55
+#: builtin/config.c:748
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"cannot overwrite multiple values with a single value\n"
+"       Use a regexp, --add or --replace-all to change %s."
+msgstr ""
+"无法用一个值覆盖多个值\n"
+"       使用一个正则表达��--add 或 --replace-all �修改 %s。"
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:90
 msgid "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
 msgstr "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:65
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:100
 msgid "print sizes in human readable format"
 msgstr "以用户�读的格�显示大�"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:17
-msgid "git describe [options] <commit-ish>*"
-msgstr "git describe [选项] <�交�>*"
+#: builtin/describe.c:22
+msgid "git describe [<options>] [<commit-ish>...]"
+msgstr "git describe [<选项>] [<�交�>...]"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:23
+msgid "git describe [<options>] --dirty"
+msgstr "git describe [<选项>] --dirty"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "head"
+msgstr "头"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "lightweight"
+msgstr "轻�级的"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:18
-msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
-msgstr "git describe [选项] --dirty"
+#: builtin/describe.c:57
+msgid "annotated"
+msgstr "附注的"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:217
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
-msgstr "注释 tag %s 无效"
+msgstr "附注标签 %s 无效"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:221
+#: builtin/describe.c:271
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
-msgstr "注释 tag %s 没有嵌入�称"
+msgstr "附注标签 %s 没有嵌入�称"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:223
+#: builtin/describe.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
-msgstr "tag '%s' 的确是在 '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:250 builtin/log.c:452
-#, c-format
-msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
-msgstr "�是一个有效的对象� %s"
+msgstr "标签 '%s' 的确是在 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:253
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
-msgstr "%s �是一个有效的 '%s' 对象"
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#: builtin/describe.c:317
 #, c-format
 msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
-msgstr "没有 tag 准确匹� '%s'"
+msgstr "没有标签准确匹� '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:272
+#: builtin/describe.c:319
 #, c-format
-msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
-msgstr "�索�述 %s\n"
+msgid "No exact match on refs or tags, searching to describe\n"
+msgstr "没有精确匹�到引用或标签，继续�索进行�述\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:319
+#: builtin/describe.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "finished search at %s\n"
 msgstr "完��索 %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:346
+#: builtin/describe.c:392
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 "However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
 msgstr ""
-"没有注释 tag 能�述 '%s'。\n"
-"然而，有�注释 tag：�试 --tags。"
+"没有附注标签能�述 '%s'。\n"
+"然而，存在未附注标签：�试 --tags。"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:350
+#: builtin/describe.c:396
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 "Try --always, or create some tags."
 msgstr ""
-"没有注释 tag 能�述 '%s'。\n"
-"�试 --always，或者创建一些 tag。"
+"没有标签能�述 '%s'。\n"
+"�试 --always，或者创建一些标签。"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:371
+#: builtin/describe.c:426
 #, c-format
 msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
 msgstr "已�历 %lu 个�交\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:374
+#: builtin/describe.c:429
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
 "gave up search at %s\n"
 msgstr ""
-"�现多于 %i 个 tag，列出最近的 %i 个\n"
+"�现多于 %i 个标签，列出最近的 %i 个\n"
 "在 %s 放弃�索\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:396
+#: builtin/describe.c:497
+#, c-format
+msgid "describe %s\n"
+msgstr "�述 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:500 builtin/log.c:502
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr "�是一个有效的对象� %s"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:508
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is neither a commit nor blob"
+msgstr "%s 既�是�交也�是数�对象"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:522
 msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
-msgstr "寻找�交之�的 tag（用于�述�交）"
+msgstr "寻找该�交之�的标签"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:397
+#: builtin/describe.c:523
 msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
 msgstr "在标准错误上调试�索策略"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:398
+#: builtin/describe.c:524
 msgid "use any ref"
 msgstr "使用任�引用"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:399
+#: builtin/describe.c:525
 msgid "use any tag, even unannotated"
-msgstr "使用任� tag，�使未带注解"
+msgstr "使用任�标签，�使未附带注释"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:400
+#: builtin/describe.c:526
 msgid "always use long format"
 msgstr "始终使用长�交�格�"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:401
+#: builtin/describe.c:527
 msgid "only follow first parent"
 msgstr "�跟�第一个父�交"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:404
+#: builtin/describe.c:530
 msgid "only output exact matches"
 msgstr "�输出精确匹�"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:406
+#: builtin/describe.c:532
 msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
-msgstr "考虑最近 <n> 个 tags（默认：10）"
+msgstr "考虑最近 <n> 个标签（默认：10）"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:408
+#: builtin/describe.c:534
 msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
-msgstr "�考虑匹� <模�> 的 tags"
+msgstr "�考虑匹� <模�> 的标签"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:410 builtin/name-rev.c:318
+#: builtin/describe.c:536
+msgid "do not consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "�考虑匹� <模�> 的标签"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:538 builtin/name-rev.c:406
 msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
 msgstr "显示简写的�交�作为�备"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:411
+#: builtin/describe.c:539 builtin/describe.c:542
 msgid "mark"
 msgstr "标记"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:412
+#: builtin/describe.c:540
 msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
-msgstr "若工作区�（有�更）在结尾添加 <标记>（默认：\"-dirty\"）"
+msgstr "对于�工作区，追加 <标记>（默认：\"-dirty\"）"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:543
+msgid "append <mark> on broken working tree (default: \"-broken\")"
+msgstr "对于��的工作区，追加 <标记>（默认：\"-broken\"）"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:430
+#: builtin/describe.c:561
 msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
 msgstr "--long 与 --abbrev=0 �兼容"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:456
+#: builtin/describe.c:590
 msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
 msgstr "没有�现�称，无法�述任何东西。"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:476
+#: builtin/describe.c:640
 msgid "--dirty is incompatible with commit-ishes"
-msgstr "--dirty �能与�交�时使用"
+msgstr "--dirty 与�交��兼容"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:86
+#: builtin/describe.c:642
+msgid "--broken is incompatible with commit-ishes"
+msgstr "--broken 与�交��兼容"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:83
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
 msgstr "'%s'：�是一个正规文件或符�链接"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:237
+#: builtin/diff.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid option: %s"
 msgstr "无效选项：%s"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:358
+#: builtin/diff.c:356
 msgid "Not a git repository"
-msgstr "�是一个 git 版本库"
+msgstr "�是一个 git 仓库"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:401
+#: builtin/diff.c:399
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
 msgstr "�供了无效对象 '%s'。"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:410
+#: builtin/diff.c:408
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
-msgstr "�供了超过两个数�（blob）对象：'%s'"
+msgstr "�供了超过两个数�对象：'%s'"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:417
+#: builtin/diff.c:413
 #, c-format
 msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
 msgstr "无法处�的对象 '%s'。"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:24
+#: builtin/difftool.c:29
+msgid "git difftool [<options>] [<commit> [<commit>]] [--] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git difftool [<选项>] [<�交> [<�交>]] [--] [<路径>...]"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:259
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed: %d"
+msgstr "失败：%d"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink %s"
+msgstr "无法读�符�链接 %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read symlink file %s"
+msgstr "无法读�符�链接文件 %s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:311
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read object %s for symlink %s"
+msgstr "无法读�符�链接 %2$s 指�的对象 %1$s"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:412
+msgid ""
+"combined diff formats('-c' and '--cc') are not supported in\n"
+"directory diff mode('-d' and '--dir-diff')."
+msgstr ""
+"�支�在目录比较模�（'-d' 和 '--dir-diff'）中采用组�差异格�（'-c' 和 '--"
+"cc'）。"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "both files modified: '%s' and '%s'."
+msgstr "两个文件都被修改：'%s' 和 '%s'。"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:634
+msgid "working tree file has been left."
+msgstr "工作区文件被留了下�。"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:645
+#, c-format
+msgid "temporary files exist in '%s'."
+msgstr "临时文件存在于 '%s'。"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:646
+msgid "you may want to cleanup or recover these."
+msgstr "您�能想�清�或者��它们。"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:695
+msgid "use `diff.guitool` instead of `diff.tool`"
+msgstr "使用 `diff.guitool` 代替 `diff.tool`"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:697
+msgid "perform a full-directory diff"
+msgstr "执行一个全目录差异比较"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:699
+msgid "do not prompt before launching a diff tool"
+msgstr "�动差异比较工具之���示"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:704
+msgid "use symlinks in dir-diff mode"
+msgstr "在 dir-diff 模�中使用符�链接"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:705
+msgid "<tool>"
+msgstr "<工具>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:706
+msgid "use the specified diff tool"
+msgstr "使用指定的差异比较工具"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:708
+msgid "print a list of diff tools that may be used with `--tool`"
+msgstr "显示�以用在 `--tool` �数�的差异工具列表"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:711
+msgid ""
+"make 'git-difftool' exit when an invoked diff tool returns a non - zero exit "
+"code"
+msgstr "当执行 diff 工具返回�零退出�时，使 'git-difftool' 退出"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:713
+msgid "<command>"
+msgstr "<命令>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:714
+msgid "specify a custom command for viewing diffs"
+msgstr "指定一个用于查看差异的自定义命令"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:738
+msgid "no <tool> given for --tool=<tool>"
+msgstr "没有为 --tool=<工具> �数�供 <工具>"
+
+#: builtin/difftool.c:745
+msgid "no <cmd> given for --extcmd=<cmd>"
+msgstr "没有为 --extcmd=<命令> �数�供 <命令>"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:27
 msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 msgstr "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:979
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1000
 msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
 msgstr "在 <n> 个对象之�显示进度"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:981
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1002
 msgid "select handling of signed tags"
-msgstr "选择如何处�签� tags"
+msgstr "选择如何处�签�标签"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:984
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1005
 msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
-msgstr "选择当 tag 指�被过滤时 tags 的处�方�"
+msgstr "选择当标签指�被过滤对象时该标签的处�方�"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:987
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1008
 msgid "Dump marks to this file"
 msgstr "把标记存储到这个文件"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:989
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1010
 msgid "Import marks from this file"
 msgstr "从这个文件导入标记"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:991
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1012
 msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
-msgstr "当 tags 缺少标记者字段时，�装�供一个"
+msgstr "当标签缺少标记者字段时，�装�供一个"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:993
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1014
 msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
 msgstr "�次�交都输出整个树"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:995
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1016
 msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
 msgstr "使用 done 功能�终止�"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:996
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1017
 msgid "Skip output of blob data"
 msgstr "跳过数�对象的输出"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:997
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1018
 msgid "refspec"
-msgstr "引用表达�"
+msgstr "引用规格"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:998
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1019
 msgid "Apply refspec to exported refs"
-msgstr "对导出的引用应用引用表达�"
+msgstr "对导出的引用应用引用规格"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:999
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:1020
 msgid "anonymize output"
 msgstr "匿�输出"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:20
+#: builtin/fetch.c:26
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
-msgstr "git fetch [<选项>] [<版本库> [<引用规则>...]]"
+msgstr "git fetch [<选项>] [<仓库> [<引用规格>...]]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:21
+#: builtin/fetch.c:27
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
 msgstr "git fetch [<选项>] <组>"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:22
+#: builtin/fetch.c:28
 msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
-msgstr "git fetch --multiple [<选项>] [(<版本库> | <组>)...]"
+msgstr "git fetch --multiple [<选项>] [(<仓库> | <组>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:23
+#: builtin/fetch.c:29
 msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
 msgstr "git fetch --all [<选项>]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:90
+#: builtin/fetch.c:123 builtin/pull.c:193
 msgid "fetch from all remotes"
 msgstr "从所有的远程抓�"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:92
+#: builtin/fetch.c:125 builtin/pull.c:196
 msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
 msgstr "追加到 .git/FETCH_HEAD 而�是覆盖它"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:94
+#: builtin/fetch.c:127 builtin/pull.c:199
 msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
 msgstr "上传包到远程的路径"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:95
+#: builtin/fetch.c:128 builtin/pull.c:201
 msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
 msgstr "强制覆盖本地分支"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:97
+#: builtin/fetch.c:130
 msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
 msgstr "从多个远程抓�"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:99
+#: builtin/fetch.c:132 builtin/pull.c:203
 msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
-msgstr "抓�所有的 tags 和关�对象"
+msgstr "抓�所有的标签和关�对象"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:101
+#: builtin/fetch.c:134
 msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
-msgstr "�抓�任何 tags (--no-tags)"
+msgstr "�抓�任何标签(--no-tags)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:136
+msgid "number of submodules fetched in parallel"
+msgstr "�模组获�的并�数"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:103
+#: builtin/fetch.c:138 builtin/pull.c:206
 msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
 msgstr "清除远程已��存在的分支的跟踪分支"
 
+#: builtin/fetch.c:140
+msgid "prune local tags no longer on remote and clobber changed tags"
+msgstr "清除远程�存在的本地标签，并且替��更标签"
+
 #  译者：�选值，�能翻译
-#: builtin/fetch.c:104
+#: builtin/fetch.c:141 builtin/fetch.c:164 builtin/pull.c:131
 msgid "on-demand"
 msgstr "on-demand"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:105
+#: builtin/fetch.c:142
 msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
 msgstr "控制�模组的递归抓�"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:109
+#: builtin/fetch.c:146 builtin/pull.c:214
 msgid "keep downloaded pack"
 msgstr "��下载包"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:111
+#: builtin/fetch.c:148
 msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
 msgstr "�许更新 HEAD 引用"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:114
+#: builtin/fetch.c:151 builtin/fetch.c:157 builtin/pull.c:217
 msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
 msgstr "深化浅克隆的历�"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:116
-msgid "convert to a complete repository"
-msgstr "转�为一个完整的版本库"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:153
+msgid "deepen history of shallow repository based on time"
+msgstr "基于时间�深化浅克隆的历�"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:118 builtin/log.c:1208
-msgid "dir"
-msgstr "目录"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:159 builtin/pull.c:220
+msgid "convert to a complete repository"
+msgstr "转�为一个完整的仓库"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:119
+#: builtin/fetch.c:162
 msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
 msgstr "在�模组路径输出的��加上此目录"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:122
-msgid "default mode for recursion"
-msgstr "递归的默认模�"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:165
+msgid ""
+"default for recursive fetching of submodules (lower priority than config "
+"files)"
+msgstr "递归获��模组的缺�值（比�置文件优先级低）"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:124
+#: builtin/fetch.c:169 builtin/pull.c:223
 msgid "accept refs that update .git/shallow"
 msgstr "接�更新 .git/shallow 的引用"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:125
+#: builtin/fetch.c:170 builtin/pull.c:225
 msgid "refmap"
 msgstr "引用映射"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:126
+#: builtin/fetch.c:171 builtin/pull.c:226
 msgid "specify fetch refmap"
 msgstr "指定获��作的引用映射"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:376
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/ls-remote.c:77 builtin/push.c:582
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:172
+msgid "server-specific"
+msgstr "server-specific"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:172 builtin/ls-remote.c:77 builtin/push.c:582
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:173
+msgid "option to transmit"
+msgstr "传输选项"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:442
 msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
 msgstr "无法�现远程 HEAD 引用"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:454
+#: builtin/fetch.c:560
+#, c-format
+msgid "configuration fetch.output contains invalid value %s"
+msgstr "�置�� fetch.output 包�无效值 %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:653
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s not found"
 msgstr "对象 %s 未�现"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:459
+#: builtin/fetch.c:657
 msgid "[up to date]"
 msgstr "[最新]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:473
-#, c-format
-msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
-msgstr "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  （在当�分支下�能获�）"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:474 builtin/fetch.c:560
+#: builtin/fetch.c:670 builtin/fetch.c:750
 msgid "[rejected]"
 msgstr "[已拒�]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:485
+#: builtin/fetch.c:671
+msgid "can't fetch in current branch"
+msgstr "当�分支下�能执行获��作"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:680
 msgid "[tag update]"
-msgstr "[tagæ›´æ–°]"
+msgstr "[标签更新]"
 
-#  译者：注����导空格
-#: builtin/fetch.c:487 builtin/fetch.c:522 builtin/fetch.c:540
-msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
-msgstr "  （�能更新本地引用）"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:681 builtin/fetch.c:714 builtin/fetch.c:730
+#: builtin/fetch.c:745
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr "�能更新本地引用"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:505
+#: builtin/fetch.c:700
 msgid "[new tag]"
-msgstr "[æ–°tag]"
+msgstr "[新标签]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:508
+#: builtin/fetch.c:703
 msgid "[new branch]"
 msgstr "[新分支]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:511
+#: builtin/fetch.c:706
 msgid "[new ref]"
 msgstr "[新引用]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:556
-msgid "unable to update local ref"
-msgstr "�能更新本地引用"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:556
+#: builtin/fetch.c:745
 msgid "forced update"
 msgstr "强制更新"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:562
-msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
-msgstr "（�快进�）"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:595 builtin/fetch.c:828
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
-msgstr "无法打开 %s：%s\n"
+#: builtin/fetch.c:750
+msgid "non-fast-forward"
+msgstr "�快进"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:604
+#: builtin/fetch.c:795
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
 msgstr "%s 未��所有必须的对象\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:622
+#: builtin/fetch.c:815
 #, c-format
 msgid "reject %s because shallow roots are not allowed to be updated"
 msgstr "拒� %s 因为浅克隆��许被更新"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:710 builtin/fetch.c:793
+#: builtin/fetch.c:903 builtin/fetch.c:999
 #, c-format
 msgid "From %.*s\n"
 msgstr "�自 %.*s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:721
+#: builtin/fetch.c:914
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
@@ -5282,593 +9028,682 @@ msgstr ""
 " 'git remote prune %s' �删除旧的�有冲�的分支"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: builtin/fetch.c:773
+#: builtin/fetch.c:969
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
 msgstr "   （%s 将�为摇摆状�）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: builtin/fetch.c:774
+#: builtin/fetch.c:970
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
 msgstr "   （%s 已�为摇摆状�）"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:798
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1002
 msgid "[deleted]"
 msgstr "[已删除]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:799 builtin/remote.c:1060
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1003 builtin/remote.c:1033
 msgid "(none)"
 msgstr "（无）"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:818
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1026
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
-msgstr "拒�获�到�纯版本库的当�分支 %s"
+msgstr "拒�获�到�纯仓库的当�分支 %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:837
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1045
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
 msgstr "选项 \"%s\" 的值 \"%s\" 对于 %s 是无效的"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:840
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1048
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
 msgstr "选项 \"%s\" 为 %s 所忽略\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:896
-#, c-format
-msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
-msgstr "�知�如何从 %s 获�"
-
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1058
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "Fetching %s\n"
 msgstr "正在获� %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1060 builtin/remote.c:90
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1289 builtin/remote.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not fetch %s"
 msgstr "�能获� %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1078
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1335 builtin/fetch.c:1503
+msgid ""
+"--filter can only be used with the remote configured in core.partialClone"
+msgstr "��以将 --filter 用于在 core.partialClone 中�置的远程仓库"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1358
 msgid ""
 "No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
 "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
-msgstr "未指定远程版本库。请通过一个URL或远程版本库�指定，用以获�新�交。"
+msgstr "未指定远程仓库。请通过一个 URL 或远程仓库�指定，用以获�新�交。"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1101
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1395
 msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
-msgstr "您需�指定一个 tag �称。"
+msgstr "您需�指定一个标签�称。"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1444
+msgid "Negative depth in --deepen is not supported"
+msgstr "--deepen �支�负数深度"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1143
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1446
+msgid "--deepen and --depth are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "--deepen 和 --depth 是互斥的"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1451
 msgid "--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"
 msgstr "--depth 和 --unshallow �能�时使用"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1145
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1453
 msgid "--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"
-msgstr "对于一个完整的版本库，�数 --unshallow 没有�义"
+msgstr "对于一个完整的仓库，�数 --unshallow 没有�义"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1168
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1469
 msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
-msgstr "fetch --all �能带一个版本库�数"
+msgstr "fetch --all �能带一个仓库�数"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1170
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1471
 msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
-msgstr "fetch --all 带引用规则没有任何�义"
+msgstr "fetch --all 带引用规格没有任何�义"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1181
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1480
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
 msgstr "没有这样的远程或远程组：%s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1189
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1487
 msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
-msgstr "获�组并指定引用规则没有�义"
-
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:13
-msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
-msgstr "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <说明>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <文件>]"
+msgstr "获�组并指定引用规格没有�义"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:665 builtin/grep.c:698
-#: builtin/merge.c:198 builtin/repack.c:178 builtin/repack.c:182
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:657 builtin/show-ref.c:178 builtin/tag.c:590
-#: parse-options.h:132 parse-options.h:239
-msgid "n"
-msgstr "n"
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:15
+msgid ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <file>]"
+msgstr "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <说明>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] [--file <文件>]"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:663
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
 msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
 msgstr "��交说明中最多�制指定�目（�并而�的�交）的简短说明"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
 msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
 msgstr "�数 --log 的别�（已弃用）"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:669
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:672
 msgid "text"
 msgstr "文本"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:670
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:673
 msgid "use <text> as start of message"
 msgstr "使用 <文本> 作为�交说明的开始"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:671
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:674
 msgid "file to read from"
 msgstr "从文件中读�"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:676
-msgid "unable to parse format"
-msgstr "�能解�格�"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:10
+msgid "git for-each-ref [<options>] [<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [<选项>] [<模�>]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:11
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--points-at <object>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--points-at <对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1064
-msgid "git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]"
-msgstr "git for-each-ref [选项] [<模�>]"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:12
+msgid "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [(--merged | --no-merged) [<�交>]]"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1079
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:13
+msgid "git for-each-ref [--contains [<commit>]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [--contains [<�交>]] [--no-contains [<�交>]]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:28
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
 msgstr "引用��符适用于 shells"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1081
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:30
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
 msgstr "引用��符适用于 perl"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1083
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:32
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
 msgstr "引用��符适用于 python"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1085
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:34
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for Tcl"
 msgstr "引用��符适用于 Tcl"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1088
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:37
 msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
 msgstr "�显示 <n> 个匹�的引用"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1089 builtin/replace.c:438
-msgid "format"
-msgstr "格�"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:39 builtin/tag.c:421
+msgid "respect format colors"
+msgstr "�照格�中的颜色输出"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1089
-msgid "format to use for the output"
-msgstr "输出格�"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:43
+msgid "print only refs which points at the given object"
+msgstr "�打�指�给定对象的引用"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1090
-msgid "key"
-msgstr "key"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:45
+msgid "print only refs that are merged"
+msgstr "�打�已��并的引用"
 
-#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1091
-msgid "field name to sort on"
-msgstr "排�的字段�"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:46
+msgid "print only refs that are not merged"
+msgstr "�打�没有�并的引用"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:147 builtin/prune.c:136
-msgid "Checking connectivity"
-msgstr "检查连接中"
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:47
+msgid "print only refs which contain the commit"
+msgstr "�打�包�该�交的引用"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:48
+msgid "print only refs which don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "�打��包�该�交的引用"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:540
+#: builtin/fsck.c:569
 msgid "Checking object directories"
 msgstr "检查对象目录中"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:603
-msgid "git fsck [options] [<object>...]"
-msgstr "git fsck [选项] [<对象>...]"
+#: builtin/fsck.c:661
+msgid "git fsck [<options>] [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git fsck [<选项>] [<对象>...]"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:609
+#: builtin/fsck.c:667
 msgid "show unreachable objects"
 msgstr "显示��达的对象"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:610
+#: builtin/fsck.c:668
 msgid "show dangling objects"
 msgstr "显示摇摆的对象"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:611
+#: builtin/fsck.c:669
 msgid "report tags"
-msgstr "报告 tags"
+msgstr "报告标签"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:612
+#: builtin/fsck.c:670
 msgid "report root nodes"
 msgstr "报告根节点"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:613
+#: builtin/fsck.c:671
 msgid "make index objects head nodes"
 msgstr "将索引亦作为检查的头节点"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:614
+#: builtin/fsck.c:672
 msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
 msgstr "将引用日志作为检查的头节点（默认）"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:615
+#: builtin/fsck.c:673
 msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
 msgstr "也考虑包和备用对象"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:616
+#: builtin/fsck.c:674
+msgid "check only connectivity"
+msgstr "仅检查连通性"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:675
 msgid "enable more strict checking"
 msgstr "�用更严格的检查"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:618
+#: builtin/fsck.c:677
 msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
 msgstr "将摇摆对象写入 .git/lost-found 中"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:619 builtin/prune.c:108
+#: builtin/fsck.c:678 builtin/prune.c:109
 msgid "show progress"
 msgstr "显示进度"
 
-#: builtin/fsck.c:669
+#: builtin/fsck.c:679
+msgid "show verbose names for reachable objects"
+msgstr "显示�达对象的详细�称"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:745
 msgid "Checking objects"
 msgstr "检查对象中"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:24
-msgid "git gc [options]"
-msgstr "git gc [选项]"
+#: builtin/gc.c:33
+msgid "git gc [<options>]"
+msgstr "git gc [<选项>]"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:79
+#: builtin/gc.c:88
 #, c-format
-msgid "Invalid gc.pruneexpire: '%s'"
-msgstr "无效的 gc.pruneexpire：'%s'"
+msgid "Failed to fstat %s: %s"
+msgstr "对 %s 调用 fstat 失败：%s"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:107
+#: builtin/gc.c:452
 #, c-format
-msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
-msgstr "�正常的长对象目录 %.*s"
+msgid "Can't stat %s"
+msgstr "�能对 %s 调用 stat"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:276
+#: builtin/gc.c:461
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The last gc run reported the following. Please correct the root cause\n"
+"and remove %s.\n"
+"Automatic cleanup will not be performed until the file is removed.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"最�一次 gc �作报告如下信�。请检查原因并删除 %s。\n"
+"在该文件被删除之�，自动清�将�会执行。\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:502
 msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
 msgstr "清除未引用的对象"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:278
+#: builtin/gc.c:504
 msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
 msgstr "更彻底（增加�行时间）"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:279
+#: builtin/gc.c:505
 msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
 msgstr "�用自动垃圾回收模�"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:280
+#: builtin/gc.c:508
 msgid "force running gc even if there may be another gc running"
 msgstr "强制执行 gc �使�外一个 gc 正在执行"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:321
+#: builtin/gc.c:511
+msgid "repack all other packs except the largest pack"
+msgstr "除了最大的包之外，对所有其它包文件�新打包"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:528
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to parse gc.logexpiry value %s"
+msgstr "无法解� gc.logexpiry 的值 %s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:539
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to parse prune expiry value %s"
+msgstr "无法解� gc.logexpiry 的值 %s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:559
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto packing the repository in background for optimum performance.\n"
-msgstr "自动在��执行版本库打包以求最佳性能。\n"
+msgstr "自动在��执行仓库打包以求最佳性能。\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:323
+#: builtin/gc.c:561
 #, c-format
 msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
-msgstr "自动打包版本库以求最佳性能。\n"
+msgstr "自动打包仓库以求最佳性能。\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:324
+#: builtin/gc.c:562
 #, c-format
 msgid "See \"git help gc\" for manual housekeeping.\n"
 msgstr "手工维护�� \"git help gc\"。\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:342
+#: builtin/gc.c:598
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "gc is already running on machine '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> (use --force if not)"
 msgstr ""
-"已�有一个 gc 正�行在机器 '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX> （如果�是，使用 --force）"
+"已�有一个 gc 正�行在机器 '%s' pid %<PRIuMAX>（如果�是，使用 --force）"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:364
+#: builtin/gc.c:645
 msgid ""
 "There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
 msgstr "有太多��达的�散对象，�行 'git prune' 删除它们。"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:23
-msgid "git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
-msgstr "git grep [选项] [-e] <模�> [<版本>...] [[--] <路径>...]"
+#: builtin/grep.c:28
+msgid "git grep [<options>] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git grep [<选项>] [-e] <模�> [<版本>...] [[--] <路径>...]"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:218
+#: builtin/grep.c:226
 #, c-format
 msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
 msgstr "grep：无法创建线程：%s"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:441 builtin/grep.c:476
+#: builtin/grep.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d) for %s"
+msgstr "为 %2$s 设定的线程数 (%1$d) 无效"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s is the configuration
+#. variable for tweaking threads, currently
+#. grep.threads
+#.
+#: builtin/grep.c:293 builtin/index-pack.c:1535 builtin/index-pack.c:1727
+#, c-format
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
+msgstr "没有线程支�，忽略 %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:461 builtin/grep.c:582 builtin/grep.c:623
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
 msgstr "无法读�树（%s）"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:491
+#: builtin/grep.c:638
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
 msgstr "无法抓��自于 %s 类型的对象"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:547
+#: builtin/grep.c:703
 #, c-format
 msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
 msgstr "开关 `%c' 期望一个数字值"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:564
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot open '%s'"
-msgstr "�能打开 '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:638
+#: builtin/grep.c:790
 msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
 msgstr "在索引区�索而�是在工作区"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:640
+#: builtin/grep.c:792
 msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
 msgstr "在未被 git 管�的内容中查找"
 
 #  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
-#: builtin/grep.c:642
+#: builtin/grep.c:794
 msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr "在跟踪和未跟踪的文件中�索"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:644
-msgid "search also in ignored files"
-msgstr "也在忽略的文件中�索"
+#: builtin/grep.c:796
+msgid "ignore files specified via '.gitignore'"
+msgstr "忽略 '.gitignore' 包�的文件"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:647
+#: builtin/grep.c:798
+msgid "recursively search in each submodule"
+msgstr "在�一个�模组中递归�索"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:801
 msgid "show non-matching lines"
 msgstr "显示未匹�的行"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:649
+#: builtin/grep.c:803
 msgid "case insensitive matching"
 msgstr "�区分大�写匹�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:651
+#: builtin/grep.c:805
 msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
 msgstr "�在��边界匹�模�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:653
+#: builtin/grep.c:807
 msgid "process binary files as text"
 msgstr "把二进制文件当�文本处�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:655
+#: builtin/grep.c:809
 msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
 msgstr "�在二进制文件中匹�模�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:658
+#: builtin/grep.c:812
 msgid "process binary files with textconv filters"
 msgstr "用 textconv 过滤器处�二进制文件"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:660
+#: builtin/grep.c:814
 msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
 msgstr "最多以指定的深度�下寻找"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:664
+#: builtin/grep.c:818
 msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
 msgstr "使用扩展的 POSIX 正则表达�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:667
+#: builtin/grep.c:821
 msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
 msgstr "使用基本的 POSIX 正则表达�（默认）"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:670
+#: builtin/grep.c:824
 msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
 msgstr "把模�解�为固定的字符串"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:673
+#: builtin/grep.c:827
 msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
 msgstr "使用 Perl 兼容的正则表达�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:676
+#: builtin/grep.c:830
 msgid "show line numbers"
 msgstr "显示行�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:677
+#: builtin/grep.c:831
 msgid "don't show filenames"
 msgstr "�显示文件�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:678
+#: builtin/grep.c:832
 msgid "show filenames"
 msgstr "显示文件�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:680
+#: builtin/grep.c:834
 msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
 msgstr "显示相对于顶级目录的文件�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:682
+#: builtin/grep.c:836
 msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
 msgstr "�显示文件�而�显示匹�的行"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:684
+#: builtin/grep.c:838
 msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
 msgstr "和 --files-with-matches �义"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:687
+#: builtin/grep.c:841
 msgid "show only the names of files without match"
 msgstr "�显示未匹�的文件�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:689
+#: builtin/grep.c:843
 msgid "print NUL after filenames"
 msgstr "在文件��输出 NUL 字符"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:691
+#: builtin/grep.c:846
 msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
 msgstr "显示总匹�行数，而�显示匹�的行"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:692
+#: builtin/grep.c:847
 msgid "highlight matches"
 msgstr "高亮显示匹�项"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:694
+#: builtin/grep.c:849
 msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
 msgstr "在��文件的匹�项之间打�空行"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:696
+#: builtin/grep.c:851
 msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
 msgstr "�在�一文件的匹�项的上�显示一次文件�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:699
+#: builtin/grep.c:854
 msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
 msgstr "显示匹�项��的 <n> 行上下文"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:702
+#: builtin/grep.c:857
 msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
 msgstr "显示匹�项� <n> 行上下文"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:704
+#: builtin/grep.c:859
 msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
 msgstr "显示匹�项� <n> 行上下文"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:705
+#: builtin/grep.c:861
+msgid "use <n> worker threads"
+msgstr "使用 <n> 个工作线程"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:862
 msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
 msgstr "快�键 -C 数字"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:708
+#: builtin/grep.c:865
 msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
 msgstr "在匹�的��显示一行函数�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:710
+#: builtin/grep.c:867
 msgid "show the surrounding function"
 msgstr "显示所在函数的��内容"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:713
+#: builtin/grep.c:870
 msgid "read patterns from file"
 msgstr "从文件读�模�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:715
+#: builtin/grep.c:872
 msgid "match <pattern>"
 msgstr "匹� <模�>"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:717
+#: builtin/grep.c:874
 msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
 msgstr "组�用 -e �数设定的模�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:729
+#: builtin/grep.c:886
 msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
 msgstr "�输出，而用退出�标识命中状�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:731
+#: builtin/grep.c:888
 msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
 msgstr "�显示匹�所有模�的文件中的匹�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:733
+#: builtin/grep.c:890
 msgid "show parse tree for grep expression"
 msgstr "显示 grep 表达�的解�树"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:737
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "pager"
 msgstr "分页"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:737
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "show matching files in the pager"
 msgstr "分页显示匹�的文件"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:740
+#: builtin/grep.c:898
 msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
 msgstr "�许调用 grep(1)（本次构建忽略）"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:741 builtin/show-ref.c:187
-msgid "show usage"
-msgstr "显示用法"
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:808
+#: builtin/grep.c:962
 msgid "no pattern given."
 msgstr "未�供模�匹�。"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:866
+#: builtin/grep.c:994
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs"
+msgstr "--no-index 或 --untracked �能和版本�时使用"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to resolve revision: %s"
+msgstr "�能解�版本：%s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1036 builtin/index-pack.c:1531
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
+msgstr "指定的线程数无效（%d）"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1041
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring --threads"
+msgstr "没有线程支�，忽略 --threads"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1065
 msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
 msgstr "--open-files-in-pager 仅用于工作区"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:892
+#: builtin/grep.c:1088
+msgid "option not supported with --recurse-submodules."
+msgstr "选项�支�和 --recurse-submodules 共用。"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1094
 msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
 msgstr "--cached 或 --untracked �能与 --no-index �时使用。"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:897
-msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
-msgstr "--no-index 或 --untracked �能和版本�时使用。"
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:900
+#: builtin/grep.c:1100
 msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
 msgstr "--[no-]exclude-standard �能用于已跟踪内容。"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:908
+#: builtin/grep.c:1108
 msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
 msgstr "�时给出了 --cached 和树对象。"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:82
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
 msgid ""
-"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
-"<file>..."
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"[--] <file>..."
 msgstr ""
-"git hash-object [-t <类型>] [-w] [--path=<文件>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
-"<文件>..."
+"git hash-object [-t <类型>] [-w] [--path=<文件> | --no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"[--] <文件>..."
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:83
-msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>"
-msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <路径列表>"
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:84
+msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
+msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:94 builtin/tag.c:610
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
 msgid "type"
 msgstr "类型"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:94
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:96
 msgid "object type"
 msgstr "对象类型"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:95
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
 msgid "write the object into the object database"
 msgstr "将对象写入对象数�库"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:97
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
 msgid "read the object from stdin"
 msgstr "从标准输入读�对象"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:99
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
 msgid "store file as is without filters"
 msgstr "原样存储文件�使用过滤器"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:100
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:102
 msgid ""
 "just hash any random garbage to create corrupt objects for debugging Git"
 msgstr "�许对任��机垃圾数��散列�创建��的对象以便调试 Git"
 
-#: builtin/hash-object.c:101
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:103
 msgid "process file as it were from this path"
 msgstr "处�文件并�设其�自于此路径"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:41
+#: builtin/help.c:45
 msgid "print all available commands"
 msgstr "打�所有�用的命令"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:42
+#: builtin/help.c:46
+msgid "exclude guides"
+msgstr "排除�导"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:47
 msgid "print list of useful guides"
 msgstr "显示有用的指�列表"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:43
+#: builtin/help.c:48
 msgid "show man page"
 msgstr "显示 man 手册"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:44
+#: builtin/help.c:49
 msgid "show manual in web browser"
 msgstr "在 web �览器中显示手册"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:46
+#: builtin/help.c:51
 msgid "show info page"
 msgstr "显示 info 手册"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:52
-msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
-msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [命令]"
+#: builtin/help.c:53
+msgid "print command description"
+msgstr "打�命令�述"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:58
+msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<command>]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man | --web | --info] [<命令>]"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:64
+#: builtin/help.c:70
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
 msgstr "未能识别的帮助格� '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:91
+#: builtin/help.c:97
 msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
 msgstr "无法�动 emacsclient。"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:104
+#: builtin/help.c:110
 msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
 msgstr "无法解� emacsclient 版本。"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:112
+#: builtin/help.c:118
 #, c-format
 msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
 msgstr "emacsclient 版本 '%d' 太�（< 22）。"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:130 builtin/help.c:158 builtin/help.c:167 builtin/help.c:175
+#: builtin/help.c:136 builtin/help.c:158 builtin/help.c:168 builtin/help.c:176
 #, c-format
-msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
-msgstr "无法执行 '%s'：%s"
+msgid "failed to exec '%s'"
+msgstr "无法执行 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:215
+#: builtin/help.c:214
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
@@ -5877,7 +9712,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "'%s'：�支�的 man 手册查看器的路径。\n"
 "请使用 'man.<工具>.cmd'。"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:227
+#: builtin/help.c:226
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
@@ -5886,895 +9721,998 @@ msgstr ""
 "'%s': 支�的 man 手册查看器命令。\n"
 "请使用 'man.<工具>.path'。"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:354
+#: builtin/help.c:343
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
 msgstr "'%s'：未知的 man 查看器。"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:371
+#: builtin/help.c:360
 msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "没有 man 查看器处�此请求"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:379
+#: builtin/help.c:368
 msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "没有 info 查看器处�此请求"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:428
-msgid "Defining attributes per path"
-msgstr "定义路径的属性"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:429
-msgid "Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So"
-msgstr "�一天 Git 常用的约 20 �命令"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:430
-msgid "A Git glossary"
-msgstr "Git �汇表"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:431
-msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
-msgstr "忽略指定的未跟踪文件"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:432
-msgid "Defining submodule properties"
-msgstr "定义�模组属性"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:433
-msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
-msgstr "指定 Git 的版本和版本范围"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:434
-msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)"
-msgstr "一个 Git 教程（针对 1.5.1 或更新版本）"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:435
-msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
-msgstr "Git 推�的工作�概览"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:447
-msgid "The common Git guides are:\n"
-msgstr "最常用的 Git �导有：\n"
+#: builtin/help.c:415
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is aliased to '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' 是 '%s' 的别�"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:468 builtin/help.c:485
+#: builtin/help.c:442 builtin/help.c:459
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s%s"
 msgstr "用法：%s%s"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:501
-#, c-format
-msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
-msgstr "`git %s' 是 `%s' 的别�"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:150
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:158
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to open %s"
 msgstr "�能打开 %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:200
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
 msgstr "%s 的对象类型�匹�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:220
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:228
 #, c-format
 msgid "did not receive expected object %s"
-msgstr "未能获�期望的对象 %s"
+msgstr "未能获�预期的对象 %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:223
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:231
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s: expected type %s, found %s"
-msgstr "对象 %s：期待类型 %s，�是 %s"
+msgstr "对象 %s：应为类型 %s，�是 %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:265
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
 msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
 msgstr[0] "无法填充 %d 字节"
 msgstr[1] "无法填充 %d 字节"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:275
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:283
 msgid "early EOF"
 msgstr "过早的文件结�符（EOF）"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:276
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:284
 msgid "read error on input"
 msgstr "输入上的读错误"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:288
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:296
 msgid "used more bytes than were available"
 msgstr "用掉了超过�用的字节"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:295
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:303
 msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
 msgstr "包太大超过了当� off_t 的定义"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:311
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:306 builtin/unpack-objects.c:93
+msgid "pack exceeds maximum allowed size"
+msgstr "包超过了最大�许值"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create '%s'"
 msgstr "�能创建 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:316
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:327
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
 msgstr "无法打开包文件 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:330
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:341
 msgid "pack signature mismatch"
 msgstr "包签��匹�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:332
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:343
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
 msgstr "�支�包版本 %<PRIu32>"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:350
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:361
 #, c-format
-msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
-msgstr "包中有错误的对象�于 %lu：%s"
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %<PRIuMAX>: %s"
+msgstr "包中有错误的对象�于�移� %<PRIuMAX>：%s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:471
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:482
 #, c-format
 msgid "inflate returned %d"
 msgstr "解压缩返回 %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:520
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:531
 msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
 msgstr "�移值覆盖了 delta 基准对象"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:528
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:539
 msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
 msgstr "delta 基准�移越界"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:536
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:547
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown object type %d"
 msgstr "未知对象类型 %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:567
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:578
 msgid "cannot pread pack file"
 msgstr "无法读�包文件"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:569
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:580
 #, c-format
-msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
-msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
-msgstr[0] "包文件过早结�，缺少 %lu 字节"
-msgstr[1] "包文件过早结�，缺少 %lu 字节"
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %<PRIuMAX> bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] "包文件过早结�，缺少 %<PRIuMAX> 字节"
+msgstr[1] "包文件过早结�，缺少 %<PRIuMAX> 字节"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:595
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:606
 msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
 msgstr "解压缩严�的�一致"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:686 builtin/index-pack.c:692 builtin/index-pack.c:715
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:749 builtin/index-pack.c:758
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:751 builtin/index-pack.c:757 builtin/index-pack.c:780
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:819 builtin/index-pack.c:828
 #, c-format
 msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
 msgstr "�现 %s 出现 SHA1 冲��"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:689 builtin/pack-objects.c:164
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:256
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:754 builtin/pack-objects.c:198
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:292
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read %s"
 msgstr "�能读 %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:755
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:817
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object info %s"
+msgstr "�能读�现存对象信� %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:825
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
 msgstr "�能读�现存对象 %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:769
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:839
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid blob object %s"
-msgstr "无效的数�（blob）对象 %s"
+msgstr "无效的数�对象 %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:842 builtin/index-pack.c:860
+msgid "fsck error in packed object"
+msgstr "对打包对象 fsck 检查出错"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:783
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:857
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %s"
 msgstr "无效的 %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:787
-msgid "Error in object"
-msgstr "对象中出错"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:789
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:862
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
 msgstr "%s 的所有�对象并�都�达"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:861 builtin/index-pack.c:890
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:934 builtin/index-pack.c:965
 msgid "failed to apply delta"
 msgstr "无法应用 delta"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1055
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1135
 msgid "Receiving objects"
 msgstr "接收对象中"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1055
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1135
 msgid "Indexing objects"
 msgstr "索引对象中"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1081
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1169
 msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
 msgstr "包冲�（SHA1 �匹�）"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1086
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1174
 msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
-msgstr "�能枚举包文件状�"
+msgstr "�能对包文件调用 fstat"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1089
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1177
 msgid "pack has junk at the end"
 msgstr "包的结尾有垃圾数�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1100
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1189
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
 msgstr "parse_pack_objects() 中�到���喻的问题"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1123
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1212
 msgid "Resolving deltas"
 msgstr "处� delta 中"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1133
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1223
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
 msgstr "�能创建线程：%s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1175
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1265
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
 msgstr "���喻"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1181
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1271
 #, c-format
-msgid "completed with %d local objects"
-msgstr "完� %d 个本地对象"
+msgid "completed with %d local object"
+msgid_plural "completed with %d local objects"
+msgstr[0] "完� %d 个本地对象"
+msgstr[1] "完� %d 个本地对象"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1191
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1283
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
 msgstr "对 %s 的尾部校验出现�外（�盘��？）"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1195
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
 msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
 msgstr[0] "包有 %d 个未解决的 delta"
 msgstr[1] "包有 %d 个未解决的 delta"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1220
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1311
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
 msgstr "�能压缩附加对象（%d）"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1299
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1388
 #, c-format
 msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
 msgstr "本地对象 %s 已��"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1323
-msgid "error while closing pack file"
-msgstr "关闭包文件时出错"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1402
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr "包文件� '%s' 没有以 '.pack' 结尾"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1336
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1427
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
-msgstr "无法写�留文件 '%s'"
+msgid "cannot write %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "无法写入 %s 文件 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1344
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1435
 #, c-format
-msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
-msgstr "无法关闭�留文件 '%s'"
+msgid "cannot close written %s file '%s'"
+msgstr "无法关闭已写入的 %s 文件 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1459
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
+msgstr "关闭包文件时出错"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1357
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1473
 msgid "cannot store pack file"
 msgstr "无法存储包文件"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1368
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1481
 msgid "cannot store index file"
 msgstr "无法存储索引文件"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1525
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 msgstr "�的 pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1407
-#, c-format
-msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
-msgstr "指定的线程数无效（%d）"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1411 builtin/index-pack.c:1590
-#, c-format
-msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
-msgstr "没有线程支�，忽略 %s"
-
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1469
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
 msgstr "无法打开现存包文件 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1471
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1596
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
 msgstr "无法为 %s 打开包索引文件"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1518
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1644
 #, c-format
 msgid "non delta: %d object"
 msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
 msgstr[0] "� delta：%d 个对象"
 msgstr[1] "� delta：%d 个对象"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1525
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1651
 #, c-format
 msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
 msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
 msgstr[0] "链长 = %d: %lu 对象"
 msgstr[1] "链长 = %d: %lu 对象"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1554
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1688
 msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
 msgstr "无法返回当�工作目录"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1602 builtin/index-pack.c:1605
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1617 builtin/index-pack.c:1621
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1739 builtin/index-pack.c:1742
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1758 builtin/index-pack.c:1762
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad %s"
 msgstr "错误选项 %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1635
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1778
 msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
 msgstr "--fix-thin �能和 --stdin �时使用"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1639 builtin/index-pack.c:1648
-#, c-format
-msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
-msgstr "包� '%s' 没有以 '.pack' 结尾"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1780
+msgid "--stdin requires a git repository"
+msgstr "--stdin 需�一个 git 仓库"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1656
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1786
 msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
-msgstr "--verify 没有�供包��数"
+msgstr "--verify 没有�供包文件��数"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:35
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
-msgstr "�能设置 %s 为组�写"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:62
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template name %s"
-msgstr "太长的模版� %s"
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1836 builtin/unpack-objects.c:578
+msgid "fsck error in pack objects"
+msgstr "在打包对象中 fsck 检查出错"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#: builtin/init-db.c:55
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
-msgstr "�能枚举 '%s' 状�"
+msgstr "�能对 '%s' 调用 stat"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#: builtin/init-db.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
-msgstr "�能枚举模版 '%s' 状�"
+msgstr "�能对模版 '%s' 调用 stat"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#: builtin/init-db.c:66
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
 msgstr "�能打开目录 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#: builtin/init-db.c:77
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
 msgstr "�能读�链接 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:99
-#, c-format
-msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
-msgstr "太长的符�链接 %s"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#: builtin/init-db.c:79
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
 msgstr "�能自 '%s' 到 '%s' 创建符�链接"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#: builtin/init-db.c:85
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr "�能拷� '%s' 至 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#: builtin/init-db.c:89
 #, c-format
 msgid "ignoring template %s"
 msgstr "忽略模版 %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:136
+#: builtin/init-db.c:120
 #, c-format
-msgid "insanely long template path %s"
-msgstr "太长的模版路径 %s"
+msgid "templates not found in %s"
+msgstr "没有在 %s 中找到模版"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:144
+#: builtin/init-db.c:135
 #, c-format
-msgid "templates not found %s"
-msgstr "模版未找到 %s"
+msgid "not copying templates from '%s': %s"
+msgstr "没有从 '%s' �制模版：%s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:157
+#: builtin/init-db.c:328
 #, c-format
-msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
-msgstr "没有从 '%2$s' �制带有错误版本 %1$d 的模版"
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr "�能处� %d 类型的文件"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:197
+#: builtin/init-db.c:331
 #, c-format
-msgid "insane git directory %s"
-msgstr "�正常的 git 目录 %s"
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr "�能移动 %s 至 %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:331 builtin/init-db.c:334
+#: builtin/init-db.c:348 builtin/init-db.c:351
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s already exists"
 msgstr "%s 已�存在"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:363
+#: builtin/init-db.c:404
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
-msgstr "�能处� %d 类型的文件"
+msgid "Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "�新�始化已存在的共享 Git 仓库于 %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:366
+#: builtin/init-db.c:405
 #, c-format
-msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
-msgstr "�能移动 %s 至 %s"
+msgid "Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "�新�始化已存在的 Git 仓库于 %s%s\n"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
-#. existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
-#. "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
-#: builtin/init-db.c:426
+#: builtin/init-db.c:409
 #, c-format
-msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
-msgstr "%s%s Git 版本库于 %s%s\n"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:427
-msgid "Reinitialized existing"
-msgstr "�新�始化现存的"
+msgid "Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "已�始化空的共享 Git 仓库于 %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:427
-msgid "Initialized empty"
-msgstr "�始化空的"
-
-#  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
-#: builtin/init-db.c:428
-msgid " shared"
-msgstr "共享"
+#: builtin/init-db.c:410
+#, c-format
+msgid "Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "已�始化空的 Git 仓库于 %s%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:475
+#: builtin/init-db.c:458
 msgid ""
 "git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--"
-"shared[=<permissions>]] [directory]"
+"shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<模�目录>] [--shared[=<��>]] "
-"[目录]"
+"[<目录>]"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:498
+#: builtin/init-db.c:481
 msgid "permissions"
 msgstr "��"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:499
+#: builtin/init-db.c:482
 msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
-msgstr "指定 git 版本库是多个用户之间共享的"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:501 builtin/prune-packed.c:57 builtin/repack.c:171
-msgid "be quiet"
-msgstr "��安�"
-
-#: builtin/init-db.c:533 builtin/init-db.c:538
-#, c-format
-msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
-msgstr "�能创建目录 %s"
+msgstr "指定 git 仓库是多个用户之间共享的"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:542
+#: builtin/init-db.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
 msgstr "�能切�目录到 %s"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:563
+#: builtin/init-db.c:546
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
 "dir=<directory>)"
 msgstr "��许 %s（或 --work-tree=<目录>）而没有指定 %s（或 --git-dir=<目录>）"
 
-#: builtin/init-db.c:591
+#: builtin/init-db.c:574
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
 msgstr "�能访问工作区 '%s'"
 
 #: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git interpret-trailers [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>])...] "
-"[<file>...]"
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer "
+"<token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [<file>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git interpret-trailers [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <键>[(=|:)<值>])...] [<文件"
-">...]"
+"git interpret-trailers [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <键>[(=|:)<值"
+">])...] [<文件>...]"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:92
+msgid "edit files in place"
+msgstr "在原�编辑文件"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:25
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:93
 msgid "trim empty trailers"
-msgstr "删除空签�"
+msgstr "删除空的尾部署�"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:96
+msgid "where to place the new trailer"
+msgstr "在哪里放置新的尾部署�"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:98
+msgid "action if trailer already exists"
+msgstr "当尾部署�已�存在时所采�的动作"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:100
+msgid "action if trailer is missing"
+msgstr "当尾部署�缺失时所采�的动作"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:102
+msgid "output only the trailers"
+msgstr "�输出尾部署�"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:103
+msgid "do not apply config rules"
+msgstr "��应用�置规则"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:104
+msgid "join whitespace-continued values"
+msgstr "连接空白折行的值"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:26
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:105
+msgid "set parsing options"
+msgstr "设置解�选项"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:107
 msgid "trailer"
-msgstr "签�"
+msgstr "尾部署�"
 
-#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:27
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:108
 msgid "trailer(s) to add"
-msgstr "�添加的签�"
+msgstr "�添加的尾部署�"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:117
+msgid "--trailer with --only-input does not make sense"
+msgstr "--trailer 和 --only-input �时使用没有�义"
+
+#: builtin/interpret-trailers.c:127
+msgid "no input file given for in-place editing"
+msgstr "没有给出�原�编辑的文件"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:41
-msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+#: builtin/log.c:48
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
 msgstr "git log [<选项>] [<版本范围>] [[--] <路径>...]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:42
-msgid "git show [options] <object>..."
-msgstr "git show [选项] <对象>..."
+#: builtin/log.c:49
+msgid "git show [<options>] <object>..."
+msgstr "git show [<选项>] <对象>..."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:81
+#: builtin/log.c:93
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid --decorate option: %s"
 msgstr "无效的 --decorate 选项：%s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:127
+#: builtin/log.c:153
 msgid "suppress diff output"
 msgstr "�显示差异输出"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:128
+#: builtin/log.c:154
 msgid "show source"
 msgstr "显示�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:129
+#: builtin/log.c:155
 msgid "Use mail map file"
 msgstr "使用邮件映射文件"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:130
+#: builtin/log.c:157
+msgid "only decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "�修饰与 <模�> 匹�的引用"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:159
+msgid "do not decorate refs that match <pattern>"
+msgstr "�修饰和 <模�> 匹�的引用"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:160
 msgid "decorate options"
 msgstr "修饰选项"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:133
+#: builtin/log.c:163
 msgid "Process line range n,m in file, counting from 1"
 msgstr "处�文件中第 n 到 m 之间的行，从 1 开始"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:229
+#: builtin/log.c:259
 #, c-format
 msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
 msgstr "最终输出：%d %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:458
+#: builtin/log.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "git show %s: bad file"
 msgstr "git show %s: ��的文件"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:472 builtin/log.c:564
+#: builtin/log.c:525 builtin/log.c:619
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read object %s"
 msgstr "�能读�对象 %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:588
+#: builtin/log.c:643
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown type: %d"
 msgstr "未知类型：%d"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:689
+#: builtin/log.c:764
 msgid "format.headers without value"
 msgstr "format.headers 没有值"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:773
+#: builtin/log.c:865
 msgid "name of output directory is too long"
 msgstr "输出目录�太长"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:789
+#: builtin/log.c:881
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
 msgstr "无法打开补�文件 %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:803
+#: builtin/log.c:898
 msgid "Need exactly one range."
 msgstr "�需�一个范围。"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:811
+#: builtin/log.c:908
 msgid "Not a range."
 msgstr "�是一个范围。"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:919
+#: builtin/log.c:1014
 msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
 msgstr "信�需�邮件地�格�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:998
+#: builtin/log.c:1095
 #, c-format
 msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
 msgstr "�正常的 in-reply-to：%s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1026
-msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
-msgstr "git format-patch [选项] [<从> | <版本范围>]"
+#: builtin/log.c:1122
+msgid "git format-patch [<options>] [<since> | <revision-range>]"
+msgstr "git format-patch [<选项>] [<从> | <版本范围>]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1071
+#: builtin/log.c:1172
 msgid "Two output directories?"
 msgstr "两个输出目录？"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1186
+#: builtin/log.c:1279 builtin/log.c:1932 builtin/log.c:1934 builtin/log.c:1946
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr "未知�交 %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1289 builtin/notes.c:887 builtin/tag.c:523
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "无法解� '%s' 为一个有效引用。"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1294
+msgid "Could not find exact merge base."
+msgstr "�能找到准确的�并基线。"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1298
+msgid ""
+"Failed to get upstream, if you want to record base commit automatically,\n"
+"please use git branch --set-upstream-to to track a remote branch.\n"
+"Or you could specify base commit by --base=<base-commit-id> manually."
+msgstr ""
+"无法得到上游地�，如果你想自动记录基线�交，请使用命令\n"
+"git branch --set-upstream-to �跟踪一个远程分支。或者你�以通过\n"
+"�数 --base=<基线�交> 手动指定一个基线�交。"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1318
+msgid "Failed to find exact merge base"
+msgstr "无法找到准确的�并基线"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1329
+msgid "base commit should be the ancestor of revision list"
+msgstr "基线�交应该是版本列表的祖先"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1333
+msgid "base commit shouldn't be in revision list"
+msgstr "基线�交�应该出现在版本列表中"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1382
+msgid "cannot get patch id"
+msgstr "无法得到补� id"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1441
 msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
 msgstr "使用 [PATCH n/m]，�使�有一个补�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1189
+#: builtin/log.c:1444
 msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
 msgstr "使用 [PATCH]，�使有多个补�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1193
+#: builtin/log.c:1448
 msgid "print patches to standard out"
 msgstr "打�补�到标准输出"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1195
+#: builtin/log.c:1450
 msgid "generate a cover letter"
 msgstr "生�一�附信"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1197
+#: builtin/log.c:1452
 msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
 msgstr "使用简�的数字�列作为输出文件�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1198
+#: builtin/log.c:1453
 msgid "sfx"
 msgstr "�缀"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1199
+#: builtin/log.c:1454
 msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
 msgstr "使用 <�缀> 代替 '.patch'"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1201
+#: builtin/log.c:1456
 msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
 msgstr "补�以 <n> 开始编�，而�是1"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1203
+#: builtin/log.c:1458
 msgid "mark the series as Nth re-roll"
 msgstr "标记补�系列是第几次�制"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1205
+#: builtin/log.c:1460
+msgid "Use [RFC PATCH] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "使用 [RFC PATCH] 代替 [PATCH]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1463
 msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
 msgstr "使用 [<�缀>] 代替 [PATCH]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1208
+#: builtin/log.c:1466
 msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
 msgstr "把结果文件存储在 <目录>"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1211
+#: builtin/log.c:1469
 msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
 msgstr "�删除/添加 [PATCH]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1214
+#: builtin/log.c:1472
 msgid "don't output binary diffs"
 msgstr "�输出二进制差异"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1216
+#: builtin/log.c:1474
+msgid "output all-zero hash in From header"
+msgstr "在 From 头信�中输出全为零的哈希值"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1476
 msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
 msgstr "�包�已在上游�交中的补�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1218
+#: builtin/log.c:1478
 msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
 msgstr "显示纯补�格�而�默认的（补�+状�）"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1220
+#: builtin/log.c:1480
 msgid "Messaging"
 msgstr "邮件��"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1221
+#: builtin/log.c:1481
 msgid "header"
 msgstr "header"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1222
+#: builtin/log.c:1482
 msgid "add email header"
 msgstr "添加邮件头"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1223 builtin/log.c:1225
+#: builtin/log.c:1483 builtin/log.c:1485
 msgid "email"
 msgstr "邮件地�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1223
+#: builtin/log.c:1483
 msgid "add To: header"
 msgstr "添加收件人"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1225
+#: builtin/log.c:1485
 msgid "add Cc: header"
 msgstr "添加抄�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1227
+#: builtin/log.c:1487
 msgid "ident"
 msgstr "标识"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1228
+#: builtin/log.c:1488
 msgid "set From address to <ident> (or committer ident if absent)"
-msgstr "将 From 地�设置为 <标识>（如若��供，则用�交者ID�为地�）"
+msgstr "将 From 地�设置为 <标识>（如若��供，则用�交者 ID �为地�）"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1230
+#: builtin/log.c:1490
 msgid "message-id"
 msgstr "邮件标识"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1231
+#: builtin/log.c:1491
 msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
 msgstr "使第一�邮件作为对 <邮件标识> 的回�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1232 builtin/log.c:1235
+#: builtin/log.c:1492 builtin/log.c:1495
 msgid "boundary"
 msgstr "边界"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1233
+#: builtin/log.c:1493
 msgid "attach the patch"
 msgstr "附件方�添加补�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1236
+#: builtin/log.c:1496
 msgid "inline the patch"
 msgstr "内�显示补�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1240
+#: builtin/log.c:1500
 msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
 msgstr "�用邮件线索，风格：浅，深"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1242
+#: builtin/log.c:1502
 msgid "signature"
 msgstr "签�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1243
+#: builtin/log.c:1503
 msgid "add a signature"
 msgstr "添加一个签�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1245
+#: builtin/log.c:1504
+msgid "base-commit"
+msgstr "基线�交"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1505
+msgid "add prerequisite tree info to the patch series"
+msgstr "为补�列表添加�置树信�"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1507
 msgid "add a signature from a file"
 msgstr "从文件添加一个签�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1246
+#: builtin/log.c:1508
 msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
 msgstr "��打�补�文件�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1320
+#: builtin/log.c:1510
+msgid "show progress while generating patches"
+msgstr "在生�补�时显示进度"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1585
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid ident line: %s"
 msgstr "包�无效的身份标识：%s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1335
+#: builtin/log.c:1600
 msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
 msgstr "-n 和 -k 互斥。"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1337
-msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
-msgstr "--subject-prefix 和 -k 互斥。"
+#: builtin/log.c:1602
+msgid "--subject-prefix/--rfc and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "--subject-prefix/--rfc 和 -k 互斥。"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1345
+#: builtin/log.c:1610
 msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
 msgstr "--name-only 无�义"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1347
+#: builtin/log.c:1612
 msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
 msgstr "--name-status 无�义"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1349
+#: builtin/log.c:1614
 msgid "--check does not make sense"
 msgstr "--check 无�义"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1372
+#: builtin/log.c:1646
 msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
 msgstr "标准输出或目录，哪一个？"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1374
+#: builtin/log.c:1648
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
 msgstr "�能创建目录 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1472
+#: builtin/log.c:1741
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read signature file '%s'"
 msgstr "无法读�签�文件 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1535
+#: builtin/log.c:1773
+msgid "Generating patches"
+msgstr "生�补�"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1817
 msgid "Failed to create output files"
 msgstr "无法创建输出文件"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1583
+#: builtin/log.c:1867
 msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
 msgstr "git cherry [-v] [<上游> [<头> [<�制>]]]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1638
+#: builtin/log.c:1921
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
 msgstr "�能找到跟踪的远程分支，请手工指定 <上游>。\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1651 builtin/log.c:1653 builtin/log.c:1665
-#, c-format
-msgid "Unknown commit %s"
-msgstr "未知�交 %s"
-
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:401
-msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git ls-files [选项] [<文件>...]"
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+msgid "git ls-files [<options>] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-files [<选项>] [<文件>...]"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:458
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:517
 msgid "identify the file status with tags"
 msgstr "用标签标识文件的状�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:460
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:519
 msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
 msgstr "使用�写字�表示 '�设未改�的' 文件"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:462
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:521
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'fsmonitor clean' files"
+msgstr "使用�写字�表示 'fsmonitor clean' 文件"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:523
 msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
 msgstr "显示缓存的文件（默认）"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:464
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:525
 msgid "show deleted files in the output"
 msgstr "显示已删除的文件"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:466
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:527
 msgid "show modified files in the output"
 msgstr "显示已修改的文件"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:468
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:529
 msgid "show other files in the output"
 msgstr "显示其它文件"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:470
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:531
 msgid "show ignored files in the output"
 msgstr "显示忽略的文件"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:534
 msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
 msgstr "显示暂存区内容的对象�称"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:536
 msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
 msgstr "显示文件系统需�删除的文件"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:477
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:538
 msgid "show 'other' directories' names only"
 msgstr "�显示“其他�目录的�称"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:540
+msgid "show line endings of files"
+msgstr "显示文件�行符格�"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:542
 msgid "don't show empty directories"
 msgstr "�显示空目录"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:483
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:545
 msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
 msgstr "显示未�并的文件"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:547
 msgid "show resolve-undo information"
 msgstr "显示 resolve-undo 信�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:487
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:549
 msgid "skip files matching pattern"
 msgstr "匹�排除文件的模�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:552
 msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
 msgstr "从 <文件> 中读�排除模�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:493
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:555
 msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
 msgstr "从 <文件> 读��外的�个目录的排除模�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:557
 msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
 msgstr "添加标准的 git 排除"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:560
 msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
 msgstr "显示相对于顶级目录的文件�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:501
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:563
+msgid "recurse through submodules"
+msgstr "在�模组中递归"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:565
 msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
 msgstr "如果任何 <文件> 都�在索引区，视为错误"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:502
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:566
 msgid "tree-ish"
 msgstr "树或�交"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:567
 msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
 msgstr "�装自从 <树或�交> 之�删除的路径�然存在"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:505
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:569
 msgid "show debugging data"
 msgstr "显示调试数�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-tree.c:28
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:9
+msgid ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<repository> [<refs>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags] [--refs] [--upload-pack=<exec>]\n"
+"                     [-q | --quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url]\n"
+"                     [--symref] [<仓库> [<引用>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:59
+msgid "do not print remote URL"
+msgstr "�打�远程 URL"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:60 builtin/ls-remote.c:62
+msgid "exec"
+msgstr "exec"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:61 builtin/ls-remote.c:63
+msgid "path of git-upload-pack on the remote host"
+msgstr "远程主机上的 git-upload-pack 路径"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:65
+msgid "limit to tags"
+msgstr "仅�于标签"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:66
+msgid "limit to heads"
+msgstr "仅�于分支"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:67
+msgid "do not show peeled tags"
+msgstr "�显示已解�的标签"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:69
+msgid "take url.<base>.insteadOf into account"
+msgstr "�考 url.<base>.insteadOf 设置"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:73
+msgid "exit with exit code 2 if no matching refs are found"
+msgstr "若未找到匹�的引用则以退出�2退出"
+
+#: builtin/ls-remote.c:76
+msgid "show underlying ref in addition to the object pointed by it"
+msgstr "除了显示指�的对象外，显示指�的引用�"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:29
 msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr "git ls-tree [<选项>] <树或�交> [<路径>...]"
 
@@ -6792,7 +10730,7 @@ msgstr "当递归时显示树"
 
 #: builtin/ls-tree.c:134
 msgid "terminate entries with NUL byte"
-msgstr "�目以NUL字符终止"
+msgstr "�目以 NUL 字符终止"
 
 #: builtin/ls-tree.c:135
 msgid "include object size"
@@ -6810,180 +10748,186 @@ msgstr "使用文件的全路径"
 msgid "list entire tree; not just current directory (implies --full-name)"
 msgstr "列出整个树；�仅仅当�目录（�� --full-name）"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:45
-msgid "git merge [options] [<commit>...]"
-msgstr "git merge [选项] [<�交>...]"
+#: builtin/mailsplit.c:241
+#, c-format
+msgid "empty mbox: '%s'"
+msgstr "空的 mbox：'%s'"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:46
-msgid "git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
-msgstr "git merge [选项] <说明> HEAD <�交>"
+#: builtin/merge.c:51
+msgid "git merge [<options>] [<commit>...]"
+msgstr "git merge [<选项>] [<�交>...]"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:47
+#: builtin/merge.c:52
 msgid "git merge --abort"
 msgstr "git merge --abort"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:100
+#: builtin/merge.c:53
+msgid "git merge --continue"
+msgstr "git merge --continue"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:110
 msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
 msgstr "开关 `m' 需�一个值"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:137
+#: builtin/merge.c:147
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
 msgstr "�能找到�并策略 '%s'。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:138
+#: builtin/merge.c:148
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available strategies are:"
 msgstr "�用的策略有："
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:143
+#: builtin/merge.c:153
 #, c-format
 msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
 msgstr "�用的自定义策略有："
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:193
+#: builtin/merge.c:203 builtin/pull.c:142
 msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
 msgstr "在�并的最��显示差异统计"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:196
+#: builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/pull.c:145
 msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
 msgstr "在�并的最�显示差异统计"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:197
+#: builtin/merge.c:207 builtin/pull.c:148
 msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
 msgstr "（和 --stat �义）"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:199
+#: builtin/merge.c:209 builtin/pull.c:151
 msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
 msgstr "在�并�交信�中添加（最多 <n> �）精简�交记录"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:202
+#: builtin/merge.c:212 builtin/pull.c:157
 msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
 msgstr "创建一个�独的�交而�是�一次�并"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:204
+#: builtin/merge.c:214 builtin/pull.c:160
 msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
 msgstr "如果�并�功，执行一次�交（默认）"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:206
+#: builtin/merge.c:216 builtin/pull.c:163
 msgid "edit message before committing"
 msgstr "在�交�编辑�交说明"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:207
+#: builtin/merge.c:217
 msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
 msgstr "�许快进（默认）"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:209
+#: builtin/merge.c:219 builtin/pull.c:169
 msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
 msgstr "如果�能快进就放弃�并"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:213
-msgid "Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+#: builtin/merge.c:223 builtin/pull.c:172
+msgid "verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
 msgstr "验�指定的�交是�包�一个有效的 GPG 签�"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:214 builtin/notes.c:753 builtin/revert.c:89
+#: builtin/merge.c:224 builtin/notes.c:777 builtin/pull.c:176
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "strategy"
 msgstr "ç­–ç•¥"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:215
+#: builtin/merge.c:225 builtin/pull.c:177
 msgid "merge strategy to use"
 msgstr "�使用的�并策略"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:216
+#: builtin/merge.c:226 builtin/pull.c:180
 msgid "option=value"
 msgstr "option=value"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:217
+#: builtin/merge.c:227 builtin/pull.c:181
 msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
 msgstr "所选的�并策略的选项"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:219
+#: builtin/merge.c:229
 msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
 msgstr "�并的�交说明（针对�快进��并）"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:223
+#: builtin/merge.c:233
 msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
 msgstr "放弃当�正在进行的�并"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:251
+#: builtin/merge.c:235
+msgid "continue the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "继续当�正在进行的�并"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:237 builtin/pull.c:188
+msgid "allow merging unrelated histories"
+msgstr "�许�并�相关的历�"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:243
+msgid "verify commit-msg hook"
+msgstr "校验 commit-msg 钩�"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:268
 msgid "could not run stash."
-msgstr "�能进行进度�存。"
+msgstr "�能�行贮�。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:256
+#: builtin/merge.c:273
 msgid "stash failed"
-msgstr "进度�存失败"
+msgstr "贮�失败"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:261
+#: builtin/merge.c:278
 #, c-format
 msgid "not a valid object: %s"
 msgstr "�是一个有效对象：%s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:280 builtin/merge.c:297
+#: builtin/merge.c:300 builtin/merge.c:317
 msgid "read-tree failed"
 msgstr "读�树失败"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: builtin/merge.c:327
+#: builtin/merge.c:347
 msgid " (nothing to squash)"
 msgstr " （无�压缩）"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:340
+#: builtin/merge.c:358
 #, c-format
 msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr "压缩�交 -- 未更新 HEAD\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:372
-msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "写入 SQUASH_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:374
-msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
-msgstr "完� SQUASH_MSG"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:397
+#: builtin/merge.c:408
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr "无�并信� -- 未更新 HEAD\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:447
+#: builtin/merge.c:458
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
 msgstr "'%s' 没有指�一个�交"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:559
+#: builtin/merge.c:548
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
 msgstr "�的 branch.%s.mergeoptions 字符串：%s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:654
-msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
-msgstr "git write-tree 无法写入一树对象"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:678
+#: builtin/merge.c:669
 msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
-msgstr "�能处�两个头�并之外的任何�作。"
+msgstr "未处�两个头�并之外的任何�作。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:692
+#: builtin/merge.c:683
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
 msgstr "merge-recursive 的未知选项：-X%s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:705
+#: builtin/merge.c:698
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write %s"
 msgstr "�能写 %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:794
+#: builtin/merge.c:749
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
 msgstr "�能从 '%s' 读�"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:803
+#: builtin/merge.c:758
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
 msgstr "未�交�并，使用 'git commit' 完�此次�并。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:809
+#: builtin/merge.c:764
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
@@ -6997,47 +10941,68 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "以 '%c' 开头的行将被忽略，而且空�交说明将会终止�交。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:833
+#: builtin/merge.c:800
 msgid "Empty commit message."
 msgstr "空�交信�。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:845
+#: builtin/merge.c:819
 #, c-format
 msgid "Wonderful.\n"
 msgstr "太棒了。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:900
+#: builtin/merge.c:872
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
 msgstr "自动�并失败，修正冲�然��交修正的结果。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:916
-#, c-format
-msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
-msgstr "'%s' �是一个�交"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:957
+#: builtin/merge.c:911
 msgid "No current branch."
 msgstr "没有当�分支。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:959
+#: builtin/merge.c:913
 msgid "No remote for the current branch."
-msgstr "当�分支没有对应的远程版本库。"
+msgstr "当�分支没有对应的远程仓库。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:961
+#: builtin/merge.c:915
 msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
 msgstr "当�分支没有定义默认的上游分支。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:966
+#: builtin/merge.c:920
 #, c-format
 msgid "No remote-tracking branch for %s from %s"
 msgstr "对于 %s 没有�自 %s 的远程跟踪分支"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1122
+#: builtin/merge.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad value '%s' in environment '%s'"
+msgstr "环境 '%2$s' 中存在�的�值 '%1$s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1075
+#, c-format
+msgid "not something we can merge in %s: %s"
+msgstr "�能在 %s 中�并：%s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1109
+msgid "not something we can merge"
+msgstr "�能�并"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1211
+msgid "--abort expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--abort �带�数"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1215
 msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
 msgstr "没有�终止的�并（MERGE_HEAD 丢失）。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1138
+#: builtin/merge.c:1227
+msgid "--continue expects no arguments"
+msgstr "--continue �带�数"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1231
+msgid "There is no merge in progress (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "没有进行中的�并（MERGE_HEAD 丢失）。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1247
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you merge."
@@ -7045,11 +11010,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "您尚未结�您的�并（存在 MERGE_HEAD）。\n"
 "请在�并�先�交您的修改。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1141 git-pull.sh:34
-msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
-msgstr "您尚未结�您的�并（存在 MERGE_HEAD）。"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1145
+#: builtin/merge.c:1254
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you merge."
@@ -7057,150 +11018,163 @@ msgstr ""
 "您尚未结�您的拣选（存在 CHERRY_PICK_HEAD）。\n"
 "请在�并�先�交您的修改。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1148
+#: builtin/merge.c:1257
 msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr "您尚未结�您的拣选（存在 CHERRY_PICK_HEAD）。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1157
+#: builtin/merge.c:1266
 msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
 msgstr "您�能将 --squash 与 --no-ff �时使用。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1166
+#: builtin/merge.c:1274
 msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
 msgstr "未指定�交并且 merge.defaultToUpstream 未设置。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1198
-msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
-msgstr "�能将一个�交�并到空分支上"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:1201
+#: builtin/merge.c:1291
 msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
 msgstr "尚�支�到空分支的压缩�交"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1203
+#: builtin/merge.c:1293
 msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
 msgstr "到空分支的�快进��交没有�义"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1208
+#: builtin/merge.c:1298
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
 msgstr "%s - �能被�并"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1259
+#: builtin/merge.c:1300
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr "�能将一个�交�并到空分支上"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1334
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, allegedly by %s."
 msgstr "�交 %s 有一个��信的声称�自 %s 的 GPG 签�。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1262
+#: builtin/merge.c:1337
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has a bad GPG signature allegedly by %s."
 msgstr "�交 %s 有一个错误的声称�自 %s 的 GPG 签�。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1265
+#: builtin/merge.c:1340
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."
 msgstr "�交 %s 没有一个 GPG 签�。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1268
+#: builtin/merge.c:1343
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"
 msgstr "�交 %s 有一个�自 %s 的好的 GPG 签�。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1349
+#: builtin/merge.c:1402
+msgid "refusing to merge unrelated histories"
+msgstr "拒��并无关的历�"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1411
+msgid "Already up to date."
+msgstr "已�是最新的。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1421
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
 msgstr "æ›´æ–° %s..%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1388
+#: builtin/merge.c:1462
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
 msgstr "�试�常�的索引内�并...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1395
+#: builtin/merge.c:1469
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nope.\n"
 msgstr "无。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1427
+#: builtin/merge.c:1494
+msgid "Already up to date. Yeeah!"
+msgstr "已�是最新的。耶�"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1500
 msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
 msgstr "无法快进，终止。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1450 builtin/merge.c:1529
+#: builtin/merge.c:1523 builtin/merge.c:1602
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
 msgstr "将树回滚至原始状�...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1454
+#: builtin/merge.c:1527
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
 msgstr "�试�并策略 %s...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1520
+#: builtin/merge.c:1593
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
 msgstr "没有�并策略处�此�并。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1522
+#: builtin/merge.c:1595
 #, c-format
 msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
 msgstr "使用策略 %s �并失败。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1531
+#: builtin/merge.c:1604
 #, c-format
 msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
 msgstr "使用 %s 以准备手工解决。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1543
+#: builtin/merge.c:1616
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
 msgstr "自动�并进展顺利，按�求在�交��止\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:29
-msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>..."
-msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] <�交> <�交>..."
-
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:30
-msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>..."
-msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <�交>..."
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] <commit> <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] <�交> <�交>..."
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:31
+msgid "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a | --all] --octopus <�交>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
 msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
 msgstr "git merge-base --independent <�交>..."
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:32
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
 msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
 msgstr "git merge-base --is-ancestor <�交> <�交>"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:33
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:34
 msgid "git merge-base --fork-point <ref> [<commit>]"
 msgstr "git merge-base --fork-point <引用> [<�交>]"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:214
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
 msgid "output all common ancestors"
 msgstr "输出所有共�的祖先"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:216
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
 msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
 msgstr "查找一个多路�并的祖先�交"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:218
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:224
 msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
 msgstr "显示�能被其他访问到的版本"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:220
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:226
 msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
 msgstr "第一个是其他的祖先�交么？"
 
-#: builtin/merge-base.c:222
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:228
 msgid "find where <commit> forked from reflog of <ref>"
-msgstr "查找 <�交> 从<引用>日志的何处分支的"
+msgstr "根� <引用> 的引用日志查找 <�交> 的派生处"
 
-#: builtin/merge-file.c:8
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:9
 msgid ""
-"git merge-file [options] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file "
-"file2"
+"git merge-file [<options>] [-L <name1> [-L <orig> [-L <name2>]]] <file1> "
+"<orig-file> <file2>"
 msgstr ""
-"git merge-file [选项] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file file2"
+"git merge-file [<选项>] [-L <文件1> [-L <�始> [-L <�字2>]]] <文件1> <�始文"
+"件> <文件2>"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:33
 msgid "send results to standard output"
@@ -7231,418 +11205,454 @@ msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
 msgstr "��警告冲�"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:45
-msgid "set labels for file1/orig_file/file2"
-msgstr "为 file1/orig_file/file2 设置标签"
+msgid "set labels for file1/orig-file/file2"
+msgstr "为 文件1/�始文件/文件2 设置标签"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:45
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option %s"
+msgstr "未知选项 %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:51
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "�能解�对象 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:55
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d base. Ignoring %s."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d bases. Ignoring %s."
+msgstr[0] "无法处� %d �以上的基线。忽略 %s。"
+msgstr[1] "无法处� %d �以上的基线。忽略 %s。"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:63
+msgid "not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "�能处�两个头�并之外的任何�作。"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:64
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:69 builtin/merge-recursive.c:71
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve ref '%s'"
+msgstr "无法解�引用 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge-recursive.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merging %s with %s\n"
+msgstr "�并 %s 和 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:65
 msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
 msgstr "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:150
+#: builtin/mktree.c:153
 msgid "input is NUL terminated"
 msgstr "输入以 NUL 字符终止"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:151 builtin/write-tree.c:24
+#: builtin/mktree.c:154 builtin/write-tree.c:25
 msgid "allow missing objects"
 msgstr "�许丢失的对象"
 
-#: builtin/mktree.c:152
+#: builtin/mktree.c:155
 msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
 msgstr "�许创建一个以上的树"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:15
-msgid "git mv [options] <source>... <destination>"
-msgstr "git mv [选项] <�>... <目标>"
+#: builtin/mv.c:17
+msgid "git mv [<options>] <source>... <destination>"
+msgstr "git mv [<选项>] <�>... <目标>"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:69
+#: builtin/mv.c:82
 #, c-format
 msgid "Directory %s is in index and no submodule?"
 msgstr "目录 %s 在索引中并且�是�模组？"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:71
+#: builtin/mv.c:84 builtin/rm.c:288
 msgid "Please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
-msgstr "请将您的修改缓存到 .gitmodules 中或�存进度��继续"
+msgstr "请将您的修改暂存到 .gitmodules 中或贮���继续"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:89
+#: builtin/mv.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "%.*s is in index"
 msgstr "%.*s 在索引中"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:111
+#: builtin/mv.c:124
 msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
 msgstr "强制移动/�命令，�使目标存在"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:112
+#: builtin/mv.c:126
 msgid "skip move/rename errors"
 msgstr "跳过移动/�命�错误"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:151
+#: builtin/mv.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination '%s' is not a directory"
 msgstr "目标 '%s' �是一个目录"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:162
+#: builtin/mv.c:179
 #, c-format
 msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
 msgstr "检查 '%s' 到 '%s' 的�命�\n"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:166
+#: builtin/mv.c:183
 msgid "bad source"
 msgstr "�的�"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:169
+#: builtin/mv.c:186
 msgid "can not move directory into itself"
 msgstr "�能将目录移动到自身"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:172
+#: builtin/mv.c:189
 msgid "cannot move directory over file"
 msgstr "�能将目录移动到文件"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#: builtin/mv.c:198
 msgid "source directory is empty"
 msgstr "�目录为空"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:206
+#: builtin/mv.c:223
 msgid "not under version control"
 msgstr "�在版本控制之下"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:209
+#: builtin/mv.c:226
 msgid "destination exists"
 msgstr "目标已存在"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:217
+#: builtin/mv.c:234
 #, c-format
 msgid "overwriting '%s'"
 msgstr "覆盖 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:220
+#: builtin/mv.c:237
 msgid "Cannot overwrite"
 msgstr "�能覆盖"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:223
+#: builtin/mv.c:240
 msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
 msgstr "�一目标具有多个�"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:225
+#: builtin/mv.c:242
 msgid "destination directory does not exist"
 msgstr "目标目录�存在"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:232
+#: builtin/mv.c:249
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
 msgstr "%s，�=%s，目标=%s"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:253
+#: builtin/mv.c:270
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
 msgstr "�命� %s 至 %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/mv.c:256 builtin/remote.c:728 builtin/repack.c:355
+#: builtin/mv.c:276 builtin/remote.c:715 builtin/repack.c:409
 #, c-format
 msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
 msgstr "�命� '%s' 失败"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:255
-msgid "git name-rev [options] <commit>..."
-msgstr "git name-rev [选项] <�交>..."
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:338
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git name-rev [<选项>] <�交>..."
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:256
-msgid "git name-rev [options] --all"
-msgstr "git name-rev [选项] --all"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:339
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --all"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<选项>] --all"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:257
-msgid "git name-rev [options] --stdin"
-msgstr "git name-rev [选项] --stdin"
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:340
+msgid "git name-rev [<options>] --stdin"
+msgstr "git name-rev [<选项>] --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:309
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:395
 msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
 msgstr "�打��称（无 SHA-1）"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:310
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:396
 msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
-msgstr "�使用 tags �命��交"
+msgstr "�使用标签�命��交"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:312
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:398
 msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
 msgstr "�使用和 <模�> 相匹�的引用"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:314
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:400
+msgid "ignore refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "忽略和 <模�> 相匹�的引用"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:402
 msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
 msgstr "列出�以从所有引用访问的�交"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:315
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:403
 msgid "read from stdin"
 msgstr "从标准输入读�"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:316
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:404
 msgid "allow to print `undefined` names (default)"
 msgstr "�许打� `未定义` 的�称（默认）"
 
-#: builtin/name-rev.c:322
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:410
 msgid "dereference tags in the input (internal use)"
-msgstr "��解�输入中的 tags（内部使用）"
+msgstr "��解�输入中的标签（内部使用）"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:24
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:26
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] [list [<object>]]"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] [list [<对象>]]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:25
+#: builtin/notes.c:27
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> "
 "| (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <说明> | -F <文件> "
 "| (-c | -C) <对象>] [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:26
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:28
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] copy [-f] <�对象> <目标对象>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:27
+#: builtin/notes.c:29
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | "
 "(-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <说明> | -F <文件> | "
 "(-c | -C) <对象>] [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:28
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:30
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] edit [--allow-empty] [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:29
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:31
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] show [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] show [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:30
+#: builtin/notes.c:32
 msgid ""
-"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>"
+"git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy>] <notes-ref>"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <策略> ] <注解引用>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:31
+#: builtin/notes.c:33
 msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:32
+#: builtin/notes.c:34
 msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:33
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<object>...]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:35
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] remove [<object>...]"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] remove [<对象>...]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:34
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
-msgstr "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] prune [-n | -v]"
+#: builtin/notes.c:36
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] prune [-n] [-v]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] prune [-n] [-v]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:35
-msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref"
+#: builtin/notes.c:37
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] get-ref"
 msgstr "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:40
+#: builtin/notes.c:42
 msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
 msgstr "git notes [list [<对象>]]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:45
+#: builtin/notes.c:47
 msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes add [<选项>] [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:50
+#: builtin/notes.c:52
 msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
 msgstr "git notes copy [<选项>] <�对象> <目标对象>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:51
+#: builtin/notes.c:53
 msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
 msgstr "git notes copy --stdin [<�对象> <目标对象>]..."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:56
+#: builtin/notes.c:58
 msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes append [<选项>] [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:61
+#: builtin/notes.c:63
 msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes edit [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:66
+#: builtin/notes.c:68
 msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes show [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:71
-msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes_ref>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:73
+msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes-ref>"
 msgstr "git notes merge [<选项>] <注解引用>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:72
+#: builtin/notes.c:74
 msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --commit [<选项>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:73
+#: builtin/notes.c:75
 msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes merge --abort [<选项>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:78
+#: builtin/notes.c:80
 msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
 msgstr "git notes remove [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:83
+#: builtin/notes.c:85
 msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
 msgstr "git notes prune [<选项>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:88
+#: builtin/notes.c:90
 msgid "git notes get-ref"
 msgstr "git notes get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:146
+#: builtin/notes.c:95
+msgid "Write/edit the notes for the following object:"
+msgstr "为下�的对象写/编辑说明："
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:148
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "�能为对象 '%s' 开始 'show'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:150
+#: builtin/notes.c:152
 msgid "could not read 'show' output"
 msgstr "�能读� 'show' 的输出"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:158
+#: builtin/notes.c:160
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "无法为对象 '%s' 完� 'show'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:173 builtin/tag.c:477
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not create file '%s'"
-msgstr "�能创建文件 '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:192
-msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+#: builtin/notes.c:195
+msgid "please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
 msgstr "请通过 -m 或 -F 选项为注解�供内容"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:201
+#: builtin/notes.c:204
 msgid "unable to write note object"
 msgstr "�能写注解对象"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:203
+#: builtin/notes.c:206
 #, c-format
-msgid "The note contents have been left in %s"
+msgid "the note contents have been left in %s"
 msgstr "注解内容被留在 %s 中"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:231 builtin/tag.c:693
+#: builtin/notes.c:234 builtin/tag.c:507
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read '%s'"
 msgstr "�能读� '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:233 builtin/tag.c:696
+#: builtin/notes.c:236 builtin/tag.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
 msgstr "�能打开或读� '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:252 builtin/notes.c:303 builtin/notes.c:305
-#: builtin/notes.c:365 builtin/notes.c:420 builtin/notes.c:506
-#: builtin/notes.c:511 builtin/notes.c:589 builtin/notes.c:652
-#: builtin/notes.c:854 builtin/tag.c:709
+#: builtin/notes.c:255 builtin/notes.c:306 builtin/notes.c:308
+#: builtin/notes.c:376 builtin/notes.c:431 builtin/notes.c:517
+#: builtin/notes.c:522 builtin/notes.c:600 builtin/notes.c:662
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgid "failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
 msgstr "无法解� '%s' 为一个有效引用。"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:255
+#: builtin/notes.c:258
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
+msgid "failed to read object '%s'."
 msgstr "无法读�对象 '%s'。"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:259
+#: builtin/notes.c:262
 #, c-format
-msgid "Cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
-msgstr "�能从�数�对象 '%s' 中读�注解数�"
+msgid "cannot read note data from non-blob object '%s'."
+msgstr "�能从�数�对象 '%s' 中读�注解数�。"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:299
+#: builtin/notes.c:302
 #, c-format
-msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
-msgstr "�法的输入行：'%s'。"
+msgid "malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "格�错误的输入行：'%s'。"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:314
+#: builtin/notes.c:317
 #, c-format
-msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr "无法从 '%s' 到 '%s' 拷�注解"
+msgid "failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "从 '%s' 拷�注解到 '%s' 时失败"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the first %s will be replaced by a git
+#. notes command: 'add', 'merge', 'remove', etc.
+#.
+#: builtin/notes.c:349
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to %s notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "拒�� %2$s（在 refs/notes/ 之外）%1$s注解"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:358 builtin/notes.c:413 builtin/notes.c:489
-#: builtin/notes.c:501 builtin/notes.c:577 builtin/notes.c:645
-#: builtin/notes.c:919
+#: builtin/notes.c:369 builtin/notes.c:424 builtin/notes.c:500
+#: builtin/notes.c:512 builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:655
+#: builtin/notes.c:805 builtin/notes.c:952 builtin/notes.c:973
 msgid "too many parameters"
 msgstr "�数太多"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:371 builtin/notes.c:658
+#: builtin/notes.c:382 builtin/notes.c:668
 #, c-format
-msgid "No note found for object %s."
+msgid "no note found for object %s."
 msgstr "未�现对象 %s 的注解。"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:392 builtin/notes.c:555
+#: builtin/notes.c:403 builtin/notes.c:566
 msgid "note contents as a string"
 msgstr "注解内容作为一个字符串"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:395 builtin/notes.c:558
+#: builtin/notes.c:406 builtin/notes.c:569
 msgid "note contents in a file"
 msgstr "注解内容到一个文件中"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:397 builtin/notes.c:400 builtin/notes.c:560
-#: builtin/notes.c:563 builtin/tag.c:628
-msgid "object"
-msgstr "对象"
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:398 builtin/notes.c:561
+#: builtin/notes.c:409 builtin/notes.c:572
 msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
 msgstr "�用和编辑指定的注解对象"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:401 builtin/notes.c:564
+#: builtin/notes.c:412 builtin/notes.c:575
 msgid "reuse specified note object"
 msgstr "�用指定的注解对象"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:404 builtin/notes.c:567
+#: builtin/notes.c:415 builtin/notes.c:578
 msgid "allow storing empty note"
 msgstr "�许�存空白注释"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:405 builtin/notes.c:476
+#: builtin/notes.c:416 builtin/notes.c:487
 msgid "replace existing notes"
 msgstr "替�已存在的注解"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:430
+#: builtin/notes.c:441
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
 "existing notes"
 msgstr "�能添加注解。�现对象 %s 已存在注解。使用 '-f' 覆盖现存注解"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:445 builtin/notes.c:524
+#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:535
 #, c-format
 msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
 msgstr "覆盖对象 %s 现存注解\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:456 builtin/notes.c:617 builtin/notes.c:859
+#: builtin/notes.c:467 builtin/notes.c:627 builtin/notes.c:892
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
 msgstr "删除对象 %s 的注解\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:477
+#: builtin/notes.c:488
 msgid "read objects from stdin"
 msgstr "从标准输入读�对象"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:479
+#: builtin/notes.c:490
 msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
 msgstr "�新加载 <命令> 的�置（�� --stdin）"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:497
+#: builtin/notes.c:508
 msgid "too few parameters"
 msgstr "�数太少"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:518
+#: builtin/notes.c:529
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
 "existing notes"
 msgstr "�能拷�注解。�现对象 %s 已存在注解。使用 '-f' 覆盖现存注解"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:530
+#: builtin/notes.c:541
 #, c-format
-msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgid "missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
 msgstr "�对象 %s 缺少注解。�能拷�。"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:582
+#: builtin/notes.c:593
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
@@ -7651,296 +11661,586 @@ msgstr ""
 "�命令 'edit' 的选项 -m/-F/-c/-C 已弃用。\n"
 "请�用 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C'。\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:750
+#: builtin/notes.c:688
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "无法删除引用 NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:690
+msgid "failed to delete ref NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "无法删除引用 NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:692
+msgid "failed to remove 'git notes merge' worktree"
+msgstr "无法删除 'git notes merge' 工作区"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:712
+msgid "failed to read ref NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+msgstr "无法读�引用 NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:714
+msgid "could not find commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "无法从 NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL 中找到�交。"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:716
+msgid "could not parse commit from NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL."
+msgstr "无法从 NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL 中解��交。"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:729
+msgid "failed to resolve NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+msgstr "无法解� NOTES_MERGE_REF"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:732
+msgid "failed to finalize notes merge"
+msgstr "无法完�注解�并"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown notes merge strategy %s"
+msgstr "未知的注解�并策略 %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:774
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "通用选项"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:752
+#: builtin/notes.c:776
 msgid "Merge options"
 msgstr "�并选项"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:754
+#: builtin/notes.c:778
 msgid ""
 "resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
 "cat_sort_uniq)"
 msgstr "使用指定的策略解决注解冲� (manual/ours/theirs/union/cat_sort_uniq)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:756
+#: builtin/notes.c:780
 msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr "�交未�并的注解"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:758
+#: builtin/notes.c:782
 msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr "通过�交未�并的注解�完�注解�并"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:760
+#: builtin/notes.c:784
 msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
 msgstr "中止注解�并的方案"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:762
+#: builtin/notes.c:786
 msgid "abort notes merge"
 msgstr "中止注解�并"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:857
+#: builtin/notes.c:797
+msgid "cannot mix --commit, --abort or -s/--strategy"
+msgstr "�能混用 --commit�--abort 或 -s/--strategy"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:802
+msgid "must specify a notes ref to merge"
+msgstr "必须指定一个注解引用��并"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:826
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown -s/--strategy: %s"
+msgstr "未知的 -s/--strategy：%s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:863
+#, c-format
+msgid "a notes merge into %s is already in-progress at %s"
+msgstr "�于 %2$s 的一个到 %1$s 中的注解�并正在执行中"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to store link to current notes ref (%s)"
+msgstr "无法存储链接到当�的注解引用（%s）"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:868
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Automatic notes merge failed. Fix conflicts in %s and commit the result with "
+"'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with 'git notes merge --"
+"abort'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"自动�并说明失败。修改 %s 中的冲�并且使用命令 'git notes merge --commit' �"
+"交结果，或者使用命令 'git notes merge --abort' 终止�并。\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:890
 #, c-format
 msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
 msgstr "对象 %s 没有注解\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:869
+#: builtin/notes.c:902
 msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
 msgstr "�试删除�存在的注解�是一个错误"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:872
+#: builtin/notes.c:905
 msgid "read object names from the standard input"
 msgstr "从标准输入读�对象�称"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:953
+#: builtin/notes.c:943 builtin/prune.c:107 builtin/worktree.c:151
+msgid "do not remove, show only"
+msgstr "�删除，�显示"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:944
+msgid "report pruned notes"
+msgstr "报告清除的注解"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:986
 msgid "notes-ref"
 msgstr "注解引用"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:954
-msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
+#: builtin/notes.c:987
+msgid "use notes from <notes-ref>"
 msgstr "从 <注解引用> 使用注解"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:989 builtin/remote.c:1621
+#: builtin/notes.c:1022
 #, c-format
-msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgid "unknown subcommand: %s"
 msgstr "未知�命令：%s"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:28
-msgid "git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< ref-list | < object-list]"
-msgstr "git pack-objects --stdout [选项...] [< 引用列表 | < 对象列表]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:48
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [<options>...] [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
+msgstr "git pack-objects --stdout [<选项>...] [< <引用列表> | < <对象列表>]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:29
-msgid "git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< ref-list | < object-list]"
-msgstr "git pack-objects [选项...] base-name [< 引用列表 | < 对象列表]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:49
+msgid ""
+"git pack-objects [<options>...] <base-name> [< <ref-list> | < <object-list>]"
+msgstr "git pack-objects [<选项>...] <�缀�称> [< <引用列表> | < <对象列表>]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:177 builtin/pack-objects.c:180
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:211 builtin/pack-objects.c:214
 #, c-format
 msgid "deflate error (%d)"
 msgstr "压缩错误 (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:773
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:810
+msgid "disabling bitmap writing, packs are split due to pack.packSizeLimit"
+msgstr "�用 bitmap 写入，因为 pack.packSizeLimit 设置使得包被切分为多个"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:823
 msgid "Writing objects"
 msgstr "写入对象中"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1015
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1106
 msgid "disabling bitmap writing, as some objects are not being packed"
 msgstr "�用 bitmap 写入，因为一些对象将�会被打包"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2175
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1765
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "对象计数中"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1895
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to get size of %s"
+msgstr "�能得到 %s 的大�"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:1910
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse object header of %s"
+msgstr "无法解�对象 %s 头信�"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2564
 msgid "Compressing objects"
 msgstr "压缩对象中"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2572
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2735
+msgid "invalid value for --missing"
+msgstr "选项 --missing 的值无效"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3067
 #, c-format
 msgid "unsupported index version %s"
 msgstr "�支�的索引版本 %s"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2576
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3071
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad index version '%s'"
 msgstr "�的索引版本 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2599
-#, c-format
-msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
-msgstr "选项 %s �接��定格�"
-
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2603
-#, c-format
-msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
-msgstr "�能解�选项 %1$s 的值 '%2$s'"
-
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2623
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3102
 msgid "do not show progress meter"
 msgstr "�显示进度表"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2625
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3104
 msgid "show progress meter"
 msgstr "显示进度表"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2627
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3106
 msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
 msgstr "在对象写入阶段显示进度表"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2630
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3109
 msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
 msgstr "当进度表显示时类似于 --all-progress"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2631
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3110
 msgid "version[,offset]"
 msgstr "版本[,�移]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2632
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3111
 msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
 msgstr "用指定的 idx 格�版本�写包索引文件"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2635
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3114
 msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
 msgstr "�个输出包的最大尺寸"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2637
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3116
 msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
-msgstr "忽略从替代对象存储里借用对象"
+msgstr "忽略从备用对象存储里借用对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2639
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3118
 msgid "ignore packed objects"
 msgstr "忽略包对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2641
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3120
 msgid "limit pack window by objects"
 msgstr "�制打包窗�的对象数"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2643
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3122
 msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
 msgstr "除对象数��制外设置打包窗�的内存�制"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2645
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3124
 msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
 msgstr "打包�许的 delta 链的最大长度"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2647
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3126
 msgid "reuse existing deltas"
 msgstr "�用已存在的 deltas"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2649
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3128
 msgid "reuse existing objects"
 msgstr "�用已存在的对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2651
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3130
 msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
 msgstr "使用 OFS_DELTA 对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2653
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3132
 msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
 msgstr "使用线程查询最佳 delta 匹�"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2655
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3134
 msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
 msgstr "�创建空的包输出"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2657
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3136
 msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
 msgstr "从标准输入读�版本��数"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2659
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3138
 msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
 msgstr "�制那些尚未打包的对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2662
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3141
 msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
 msgstr "包括�以从任何引用访问到的对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2665
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3144
 msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
 msgstr "包括被引用日志引用到的对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2668
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3147
 msgid "include objects referred to by the index"
 msgstr "包括被索引引用到的对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2671
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3150
 msgid "output pack to stdout"
 msgstr "输出包到标准输出"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2673
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3152
 msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
-msgstr "包括引用了打包对象的 tag"
+msgstr "包括那些引用了待打包对象的标签对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2675
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3154
 msgid "keep unreachable objects"
 msgstr "维���达的对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2676 parse-options.h:140
-msgid "time"
-msgstr "时间"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3156
+msgid "pack loose unreachable objects"
+msgstr "打包�散的��达对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2677
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3158
 msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
 msgstr "将比给定 <时间> 新的无法访问的对象解包"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2680
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3161
 msgid "create thin packs"
 msgstr "创建精简包"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2682
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3163
 msgid "create packs suitable for shallow fetches"
-msgstr "创建适�浅克隆版本库获�的包"
+msgstr "创建适�浅克隆仓库获�的包"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2684
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3165
 msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
 msgstr "忽略�有 .keep 文件的包"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2686
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3167
+msgid "ignore this pack"
+msgstr "忽略该 pack"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3169
 msgid "pack compression level"
 msgstr "打包压缩级别"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2688
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3171
 msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
-msgstr "显示被�接��的�交"
+msgstr "显示被移���的�交"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2690
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3173
 msgid "use a bitmap index if available to speed up counting objects"
 msgstr "使用 bitmap 索引（如果有的�）以�高对象计数时的速度"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2692
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3175
 msgid "write a bitmap index together with the pack index"
 msgstr "在建立包索引的�时创建 bitmap 索引"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2783
-msgid "Counting objects"
-msgstr "对象计数中"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3178
+msgid "handling for missing objects"
+msgstr "处�丢失的对象"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3181
+msgid "do not pack objects in promisor packfiles"
+msgstr "��打包 promisor 包文件中的对象"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3205
+#, c-format
+msgid "delta chain depth %d is too deep, forcing %d"
+msgstr "增�链深度 %d 太深了，强制为 %d"
 
-#: builtin/pack-refs.c:6
-msgid "git pack-refs [options]"
-msgstr "git pack-refs [选项]"
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3210
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack.deltaCacheLimit is too high, forcing %d"
+msgstr "�置 pack.deltaCacheLimit 太高了，强制为 %d"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:3338
+msgid "Enumerating objects"
+msgstr "枚举对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-refs.c:14
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:7
+msgid "git pack-refs [<options>]"
+msgstr "git pack-refs [<选项>]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
 msgid "pack everything"
 msgstr "打包一切"
 
-#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:16
 msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
 msgstr "清除�散的引用（默认）"
 
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:7
-msgid "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
-msgstr "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:8
+msgid "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
+msgstr "git prune-packed [-n | --dry-run] [-q | --quiet]"
 
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:40
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:41
 msgid "Removing duplicate objects"
 msgstr "正在删除��对象"
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:12
-msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
-msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <时间>] [--] [<头>...]"
-
-#: builtin/prune.c:106
-msgid "do not remove, show only"
-msgstr "�删除，�显示"
+#: builtin/prune.c:11
+msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
+msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--progress] [--expire <时间>] [--] [<head>...]"
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:107
+#: builtin/prune.c:108
 msgid "report pruned objects"
 msgstr "报告清除的对象"
 
-#: builtin/prune.c:110
+#: builtin/prune.c:111
 msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
 msgstr "使早于给定时间的对象过期"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:14
+#: builtin/prune.c:113
+msgid "limit traversal to objects outside promisor packfiles"
+msgstr "�制�历 promisor 包以外的对象"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:127
+msgid "cannot prune in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "�能在��仓库中执行清��作"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:59 builtin/pull.c:61
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "%s 的值无效：%s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:81
+msgid "git pull [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git pull [<选项>] [<仓库> [<引用规格>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:132
+msgid "control for recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr "控制�模组的递归获�"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:136
+msgid "Options related to merging"
+msgstr "和�并相关的选项"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:139
+msgid "incorporate changes by rebasing rather than merging"
+msgstr "使用�基�作�代�并�作以�入修改"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:166 builtin/rebase--helper.c:23 builtin/revert.c:121
+msgid "allow fast-forward"
+msgstr "�许快进�"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:175
+msgid "automatically stash/stash pop before and after rebase"
+msgstr "�基�作��执行自动贮�和弹出贮�"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:191
+msgid "Options related to fetching"
+msgstr "和获�相关的�数"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:209
+msgid "number of submodules pulled in parallel"
+msgstr "并�拉�的�模组的数�"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:304
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for pull.ff: %s"
+msgstr "pull.ff 的�值无效：%s"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:420
+msgid ""
+"There is no candidate for rebasing against among the refs that you just "
+"fetched."
+msgstr "在您刚刚获�到的引用中没有�基�作的候选。"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:422
+msgid ""
+"There are no candidates for merging among the refs that you just fetched."
+msgstr "在您刚刚获�到的引用中没有�并�作的候选。"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:423
+msgid ""
+"Generally this means that you provided a wildcard refspec which had no\n"
+"matches on the remote end."
+msgstr "通常这�味�您�供了一个通�符引用规格但未能和远端匹�。"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:426
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You asked to pull from the remote '%s', but did not specify\n"
+"a branch. Because this is not the default configured remote\n"
+"for your current branch, you must specify a branch on the command line."
+msgstr ""
+"您�求从远程 '%s' 拉�，但是未指定一个分支。因为这�是当�\n"
+"分支默认的远程仓库，您必须在命令行中指定一个分支�。"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:431 git-parse-remote.sh:73
+msgid "You are not currently on a branch."
+msgstr "您当��在一个分支上。"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:433 builtin/pull.c:448 git-parse-remote.sh:79
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to rebase against."
+msgstr "请指定您��基到哪一个分支。"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:435 builtin/pull.c:450 git-parse-remote.sh:82
+msgid "Please specify which branch you want to merge with."
+msgstr "请指定您��并哪一个分支。"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:436 builtin/pull.c:451
+msgid "See git-pull(1) for details."
+msgstr "详� git-pull(1)。"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:438 builtin/pull.c:444 builtin/pull.c:453
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:64
+msgid "<remote>"
+msgstr "<远程>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:438 builtin/pull.c:453 builtin/pull.c:458 git-rebase.sh:523
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:65
+msgid "<branch>"
+msgstr "<分支>"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:446 git-parse-remote.sh:75
+msgid "There is no tracking information for the current branch."
+msgstr "当�分支没有跟踪信�。"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:455 git-parse-remote.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:"
+msgstr "如果您想�为此分支创建跟踪信�，您�以执行："
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:460
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your configuration specifies to merge with the ref '%s'\n"
+"from the remote, but no such ref was fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"您的�置中指定��并远程的引用 '%s'，\n"
+"但是没有获�到这个引用。"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:826
+msgid "ignoring --verify-signatures for rebase"
+msgstr "为�基�作忽略 --verify-signatures"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:874
+msgid "--[no-]autostash option is only valid with --rebase."
+msgstr "--[no-]autostash 选项�在使用 --rebase 时有效。"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:882
+msgid "Updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index."
+msgstr "更新尚未诞生的分支，�更添加至索引。"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:885
+msgid "pull with rebase"
+msgstr "�基�拉�"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:886
+msgid "please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "请�交或贮�它们。"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:911
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"commit %s."
+msgstr ""
+"fetch 更新了当�的分支。快进您的工作区\n"
+"至�交 %s。"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:916
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot fast-forward your working tree.\n"
+"After making sure that you saved anything precious from\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"output, run\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"to recover."
+msgstr ""
+"您当�的工作区无法执行快进�作。\n"
+"首先执行如下命令：\n"
+"$ git diff %s\n"
+"以确认所有有用的数��已�存。然�执行下�的命令\n"
+"$ git reset --hard\n"
+"��之�的状�。"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:931
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head."
+msgstr "无法将多个分支�并到空分支。"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:935
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches."
+msgstr "无法�基到多个分支。"
+
+#: builtin/pull.c:942
+msgid "cannot rebase with locally recorded submodule modifications"
+msgstr "本地�模组中有修改，无法�基"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:19
 msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
-msgstr "git push [<选项>] [<版本库> [<引用规则>...]]"
+msgstr "git push [<选项>] [<仓库> [<引用规格>...]]"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:85
+#: builtin/push.c:111
 msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
-msgstr "tag ��未�供 <标签> �数"
+msgstr "标签��未�供 <标签> �数"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:95
+#: builtin/push.c:121
 msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
 msgstr "--delete �接�简�的目标引用�"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:139
+#: builtin/push.c:165
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
@@ -7948,7 +12248,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "为了永久地选择任一选项，�� 'git help config' 中的 push.default。"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:142
+#: builtin/push.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
@@ -7972,7 +12272,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "    git push %s %s\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:157
+#: builtin/push.c:183
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are not currently on a branch.\n"
@@ -7986,7 +12286,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push %s HEAD:<远程分支�字>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:171
+#: builtin/push.c:197
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
@@ -7999,12 +12299,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:179
+#: builtin/push.c:205
 #, c-format
 msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
 msgstr "当�分支 %s 有多个上游分支，拒�推�。"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:182
+#: builtin/push.c:208
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
@@ -8014,56 +12314,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "您正推�至远程 '%s'（其并�当�分支 '%s' 的上游），\n"
 "而没有告诉我�推�什么�更新哪个远程分支。"
 
-#  译者：字符串首行行首�添加“warning: �字串，故此首行�较其余行短
-#: builtin/push.c:205
-msgid ""
-"push.default is unset; its implicit value has changed in\n"
-"Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
-"and maintain the traditional behavior, use:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-"\n"
-"To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-"\n"
-"When push.default is set to 'matching', git will push local branches\n"
-"to the remote branches that already exist with the same name.\n"
-"\n"
-"Since Git 2.0, Git defaults to the more conservative 'simple'\n"
-"behavior, which only pushes the current branch to the corresponding\n"
-"remote branch that 'git pull' uses to update the current branch.\n"
-"\n"
-"See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
-"information.\n"
-"(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
-"'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
-msgstr ""
-"push.default 尚未设置，它的默认值在 Git 2.0 已从 'matching'\n"
-"�更为 'simple'。若���显示本信�并��传统习惯，进行如下设置：\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-"\n"
-"若���显示本信�并从现在开始采用新的使用习惯，设置：\n"
-"\n"
-"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-"\n"
-"当 push.default 设置为 'matching' �，git 将推�和远程��的所有\n"
-"本地分支。\n"
-"\n"
-"从 Git 2.0 开始，Git 缺�采用更为�守的 'simple' 模�，�推�当�\n"
-"分支到远程关�的��分支，� 'git push' 推�当�分支。\n"
-"\n"
-"�� 'git help config' 并查找 'push.default' 以获�更多信�。\n"
-"（'simple' 模�由 Git 1.7.11 版本引入。如果您有时�使用�版本的 Git，\n"
-"为��兼容，请用 'current' 代替 'simple'）"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:272
+#: builtin/push.c:267
 msgid ""
 "You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
-msgstr "您没有为推�指定任何引用规则，并且 push.default 为 \"nothing\"。"
+msgstr "您没有为推�指定任何引用规格，并且 push.default 为 \"nothing\"。"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:279
+#: builtin/push.c:274
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
 "its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.\n"
@@ -8074,7 +12330,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "�次推��，先与远程�更�并（如 'git pull ...'）。详�\n"
 "'git push --help' 中的 'Note about fast-forwards' �节。"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:285
+#: builtin/push.c:280
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
 "counterpart. Check out this branch and integrate the remote changes\n"
@@ -8085,7 +12341,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "检出该分支并整�远程�更（如 'git pull ...'），然��推�。详�\n"
 "'git push --help' 中的 'Note about fast-forwards' �节。"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:291
+#: builtin/push.c:286
 msgid ""
 "Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
 "not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
@@ -8093,16 +12349,16 @@ msgid ""
 "(e.g., 'git pull ...') before pushing again.\n"
 "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
 msgstr ""
-"更新被拒�，因为远程版本库包�您本地尚�存在的�交。这通常是因为�外\n"
-"一个版本库已�该引用进行了推�。�次推��，您�能需�先整�远程�更\n"
+"更新被拒�，因为远程仓库包�您本地尚�存在的�交。这通常是因为�外\n"
+"一个仓库已�该引用进行了推�。�次推��，您�能需�先整�远程�更\n"
 "（如 'git pull ...'）。\n"
 "详� 'git push --help' 中的 'Note about fast-forwards' �节。"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:298
+#: builtin/push.c:293
 msgid "Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote."
-msgstr "更新被拒�因为 tag 在远程已�存在。"
+msgstr "更新被拒�，因为该标签在远程已�存在。"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:301
+#: builtin/push.c:296
 msgid ""
 "You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
 "or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
@@ -8111,22 +12367,22 @@ msgstr ""
 "如果�使用 '--force' �数，您�能更新一个指���交对象的远程引用，\n"
 "也�能更新远程引用让其指�一个��交对象。\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:360
+#: builtin/push.c:357
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
 msgstr "推�到 %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:364
+#: builtin/push.c:361
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
 msgstr "无法推�一些引用到 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:394
+#: builtin/push.c:395
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad repository '%s'"
-msgstr "�的版本库 '%s'"
+msgstr "�的仓库 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:395
+#: builtin/push.c:396
 msgid ""
 "No configured push destination.\n"
 "Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
@@ -8139,277 +12395,398 @@ msgid ""
 "    git push <name>\n"
 msgstr ""
 "没有�置推�目标。\n"
-"或通过命令行指定URL，或用下�命令�置一个远程版本库\n"
+"或通过命令行指定 URL，或用下�命令�置一个远程仓库\n"
 "\n"
 "    git remote add <�称> <地�>\n"
 "\n"
-"然�使用该远程版本库�执行推�\n"
+"然�使用该远程仓库�执行推�\n"
 "\n"
 "    git push <�称>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:410
-msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
-msgstr "--all 和 --tags �兼容"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:411
-msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
-msgstr "--all �能和引用规则�时使用"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:416
-msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
-msgstr "--mirror 和 --tags �兼容"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:417
-msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
-msgstr "--mirror �能和引用规则�时使用"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:422
-msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
-msgstr "--all 和 --mirror �兼容"
-
-#: builtin/push.c:493
+#: builtin/push.c:551
 msgid "repository"
-msgstr "版本库"
+msgstr "仓库"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:494
+#: builtin/push.c:552 builtin/send-pack.c:164
 msgid "push all refs"
 msgstr "推�所有引用"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:495
+#: builtin/push.c:553 builtin/send-pack.c:166
 msgid "mirror all refs"
 msgstr "镜�所有引用"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:497
+#: builtin/push.c:555
 msgid "delete refs"
 msgstr "删除引用"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:498
+#: builtin/push.c:556
 msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
-msgstr "推� tags（�能使用 --all or --mirror）"
+msgstr "推�标签（�能使用 --all or --mirror）"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:501
+#: builtin/push.c:559 builtin/send-pack.c:167
 msgid "force updates"
 msgstr "强制更新"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:503
+#: builtin/push.c:561 builtin/send-pack.c:181
 msgid "refname>:<expect"
 msgstr "引用�>:<期望值"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:504
+#: builtin/push.c:562 builtin/send-pack.c:182
 msgid "require old value of ref to be at this value"
 msgstr "�求引用旧的�值为设定值"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:507
+#: builtin/push.c:565
 msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
 msgstr "控制�模组的递归推�"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:509
+#: builtin/push.c:567 builtin/send-pack.c:175
 msgid "use thin pack"
 msgstr "使用精简打包"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:510 builtin/push.c:511
+#: builtin/push.c:568 builtin/push.c:569 builtin/send-pack.c:161
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:162
 msgid "receive pack program"
 msgstr "接收包程�"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:512
+#: builtin/push.c:570
 msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
 msgstr "设置 git pull/status 的上游"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:515
+#: builtin/push.c:573
 msgid "prune locally removed refs"
 msgstr "清除本地删除的引用"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:517
+#: builtin/push.c:575
 msgid "bypass pre-push hook"
 msgstr "绕过 pre-push 钩�"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:518
+#: builtin/push.c:576
 msgid "push missing but relevant tags"
-msgstr "推�缺失的有关的 tags"
+msgstr "推�缺失但有关的标签"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:520
+#: builtin/push.c:579 builtin/send-pack.c:169
 msgid "GPG sign the push"
 msgstr "用 GPG 为推�签�"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:529
+#: builtin/push.c:581 builtin/send-pack.c:176
+msgid "request atomic transaction on remote side"
+msgstr "需�远端支�原�事务"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:599
 msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
 msgstr "--delete 与 --all�--mirror � --tags �兼容"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:531
+#: builtin/push.c:601
 msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
 msgstr "--delete 未接任何引用没有�义"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:37
+#: builtin/push.c:604
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all 和 --tags �兼容"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:606
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--all �能和引用规格�时使用"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:610
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--mirror 和 --tags �兼容"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:612
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--mirror �能和引用规格�时使用"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:615
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all 和 --mirror �兼容"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:634
+msgid "push options must not have new line characters"
+msgstr "推�选项�能有�行符"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:40
 msgid ""
-"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] "
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>) "
 "[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
 "index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
 msgstr ""
-"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<�缀>] [-"
+"git read-tree [(-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<�缀>) [-"
 "u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
-"index-output=<文件>] (--empty | <树或�交1> [<树或�交2> [<树或�交3>]])"
+"index-output=<文件>] (--empty | <树对象1> [<树对象2> [<树对象3>]])"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:110
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:120
 msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
 msgstr "将索引结果写入 <文件>"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:113
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
 msgid "only empty the index"
 msgstr "�是清空索引"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:115
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:125
 msgid "Merging"
 msgstr "�并"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:117
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:127
 msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
 msgstr "读�之余�执行一个�并"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:119
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:129
 msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
-msgstr "如果没有文件级�并需�，执行三路�并"
+msgstr "如果没有文件级�并需�，执行三方�并"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:121
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:131
 msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
-msgstr "存在添加和删除时，也执行三路�并"
+msgstr "存在添加和删除时，也执行三方�并"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:133
 msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
 msgstr "类似于 -m，但丢弃未�并的�目"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:124
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
 msgid "<subdirectory>/"
 msgstr "<�目录>/"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:125
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
 msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
 msgstr "读�树对象到索引的 <�目录>/ 下"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:128
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:138
 msgid "update working tree with merge result"
 msgstr "用�并的结果更新工作区"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:130
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:140
 msgid "gitignore"
 msgstr "gitignore"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:131
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:141
 msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
 msgstr "�许忽略文件中设定的文件�以被覆盖"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:134
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:144
 msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
 msgstr "�并��检查工作区"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:145
 msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
 msgstr "�更新索引区和工作区"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:137
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:147
 msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
 msgstr "跳过应用稀�检出过滤器"
 
-#: builtin/read-tree.c:139
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:149
 msgid "debug unpack-trees"
 msgstr "调试 unpack-trees"
 
-#: builtin/reflog.c:499
-#, c-format
-msgid "%s' for '%s' is not a valid timestamp"
-msgstr "'%2$s' 的值 '%1$s' �是一个有效的时间戳"
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:8
+msgid "git rebase--helper [<options>]"
+msgstr "git rebase--helper [<选项>]"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:24
+msgid "keep empty commits"
+msgstr "��空�交"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:26 builtin/revert.c:123
+msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
+msgstr "�许�交说明为空"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:27
+msgid "rebase merge commits"
+msgstr "对�并�交�基"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:29
+msgid "keep original branch points of cousins"
+msgstr "��兄弟�交的原始分支点"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:30
+msgid "continue rebase"
+msgstr "继续�基"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:32
+msgid "abort rebase"
+msgstr "中止�基"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:35
+msgid "make rebase script"
+msgstr "制作�基脚本"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:37
+msgid "shorten commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "缩短待办列表中的�交�"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:39
+msgid "expand commit ids in the todo list"
+msgstr "扩展待办列表中的�交�"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:41
+msgid "check the todo list"
+msgstr "检查待办列表"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:43
+msgid "skip unnecessary picks"
+msgstr "跳过�必�的拣选"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:45
+msgid "rearrange fixup/squash lines"
+msgstr "�新排列 fixup/squash 行"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:47
+msgid "insert exec commands in todo list"
+msgstr "在待办列表中�入 exec 执行命令"
+
+#: builtin/rebase--helper.c:68
+msgid "--[no-]rebase-cousins has no effect without --rebase-merges"
+msgstr "�使用 --rebase-merges，则 --[no-]rebase-cousins 没有效果"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:31
+msgid "git receive-pack <git-dir>"
+msgstr "git receive-pack <仓库目录>"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:842
+msgid ""
+"By default, updating the current branch in a non-bare repository\n"
+"is denied, because it will make the index and work tree inconsistent\n"
+"with what you pushed, and will require 'git reset --hard' to match\n"
+"the work tree to HEAD.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set the 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable\n"
+"to 'ignore' or 'warn' in the remote repository to allow pushing into\n"
+"its current branch; however, this is not recommended unless you\n"
+"arranged to update its work tree to match what you pushed in some\n"
+"other way.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message and still keep the default behaviour, set\n"
+"'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"默认�止更新�纯仓库的当�分支，因为您推�的内容将导致索引和工作区\n"
+"�一致，并且将需�执行 'git reset --hard' 将工作区匹�到 HEAD。\n"
+"\n"
+"您�以在远程仓库中设置 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' �置��为\n"
+"'ignore' 或 'warn' 以�许推�到当�分支。然而�推�这么�，除�您\n"
+"用��方�将其工作区更新至您推�的状�。\n"
+"\n"
+"若��蔽此信�且��默认行为，设置 'receive.denyCurrentBranch'\n"
+"�置��为 'refuse'。"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:862
+msgid ""
+"By default, deleting the current branch is denied, because the next\n"
+"'git clone' won't result in any file checked out, causing confusion.\n"
+"\n"
+"You can set 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' configuration variable to\n"
+"'warn' or 'ignore' in the remote repository to allow deleting the\n"
+"current branch, with or without a warning message.\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message, you can set it to 'refuse'."
+msgstr ""
+"默认�止删除当�分支，因为下一次 'git clone' 将�会检出任何文件，\n"
+"导致困惑。\n"
+"\n"
+"您�以在远程仓库中设置 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' �置��为\n"
+"'warn'（显示警告信�）或 'ignore'（忽略警告信�）以�许删除当�分支。\n"
+"\n"
+"若��蔽此信�，您�以设置它为 'refuse'。"
+
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1935
+msgid "quiet"
+msgstr "�默模�"
 
-#: builtin/reflog.c:615 builtin/reflog.c:620
+#: builtin/receive-pack.c:1949
+msgid "You must specify a directory."
+msgstr "您必须指定一个目录。"
+
+#: builtin/reflog.c:532 builtin/reflog.c:537
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid timestamp"
 msgstr "'%s' �是一个有效的时间戳"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:12
+#: builtin/remote.c:14
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
 msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:13
+#: builtin/remote.c:15
 msgid ""
-"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
 "mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
 msgstr ""
-"git remote add [-t <分支>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"git remote add [-t <分支>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags | --no-tags] [--"
 "mirror=<fetch|push>] <�称> <地�>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:14 builtin/remote.c:33
+#: builtin/remote.c:16 builtin/remote.c:36
 msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
 msgstr "git remote rename <旧�称> <新�称>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:15 builtin/remote.c:38
+#: builtin/remote.c:17 builtin/remote.c:41
 msgid "git remote remove <name>"
 msgstr "git remote remove <�称>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:16
-msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete |<branch>)"
-msgstr "git remote set-head <�称> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete |<分支>)"
+#: builtin/remote.c:18 builtin/remote.c:46
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
+msgstr "git remote set-head <�称> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <分支>)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:17
+#: builtin/remote.c:19
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <�称>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:18
+#: builtin/remote.c:20
 msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <�称>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:19
+#: builtin/remote.c:21
 msgid ""
 "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
 msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<组> | <远程>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:20
+#: builtin/remote.c:22
 msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches [--add] <�称> <分支>..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:21 builtin/remote.c:69
+#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:72
+msgid "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote get-url [--push] [--all] <�称>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:24 builtin/remote.c:77
 msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
 msgstr "git remote set-url [--push] <�称> <新的地�> [<旧的地�>]"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:70
+#: builtin/remote.c:25 builtin/remote.c:78
 msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
 msgstr "git remote set-url --add <�称> <新的地�>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:23 builtin/remote.c:71
+#: builtin/remote.c:26 builtin/remote.c:79
 msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
 msgstr "git remote set-url --delete <�称> <地�>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:28
+#: builtin/remote.c:31
 msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
 msgstr "git remote add [<选项>] <�称> <地�>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:43
-msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)"
-msgstr "git remote set-head <�称> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <分支>)"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:48
+#: builtin/remote.c:51
 msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches <�称> <分支>..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:49
+#: builtin/remote.c:52
 msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
 msgstr "git remote set-branches --add <�称> <分支>..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:54
+#: builtin/remote.c:57
 msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote show [<选项>] <�称>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:59
+#: builtin/remote.c:62
 msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
 msgstr "git remote prune [<选项>] <�称>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:64
+#: builtin/remote.c:67
 msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
 msgstr "git remote update [<选项>] [<组> | <远程>]..."
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:88
+#: builtin/remote.c:96
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s"
 msgstr "更新 %s 中"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:120
+#: builtin/remote.c:128
 msgid ""
 "--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
 "\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
@@ -8417,132 +12794,107 @@ msgstr ""
 "--mirror 选项�险且过时，请使用 --mirror=fetch\n"
 "\t 或 --mirror=push"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:137
+#: builtin/remote.c:145
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
 msgstr "未知的镜��数：%s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:153
+#: builtin/remote.c:161
 msgid "fetch the remote branches"
 msgstr "抓�远程的分支"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:155
+#: builtin/remote.c:163
 msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
-msgstr "抓�时导入所有的 tags 和关�对象"
+msgstr "抓�时导入所有的标签和关�对象"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:158
+#: builtin/remote.c:166
 msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
-msgstr "或�抓�任何 tag（--no-tags）"
+msgstr "或�抓�任何标签（--no-tags）"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:160
+#: builtin/remote.c:168
 msgid "branch(es) to track"
 msgstr "跟踪的分支"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:161
+#: builtin/remote.c:169
 msgid "master branch"
 msgstr "主线分支"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:162
+#: builtin/remote.c:170
 msgid "push|fetch"
 msgstr "push|fetch"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:163
+#: builtin/remote.c:171
 msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
 msgstr "把远程设置为用以推�或抓�的镜�"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:175
+#: builtin/remote.c:183
 msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
 msgstr "指定一个 master 分支并使用 --mirror 选项没有�义"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:177
+#: builtin/remote.c:185
 msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
 msgstr "指定�跟踪的分支�在与获�镜��时使用�有�义"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:187 builtin/remote.c:643
+#: builtin/remote.c:192 builtin/remote.c:634
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote %s already exists."
 msgstr "远程 %s 已�存在。"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:191 builtin/remote.c:647
+#: builtin/remote.c:196 builtin/remote.c:638
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
 msgstr "'%s' �是一个有效的远程�称"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:235
+#: builtin/remote.c:236
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
 msgstr "无法设置 master '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:335
+#: builtin/remote.c:342
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
-msgstr "无法得到引用规则 %s 的获�列表"
+msgstr "无法得到引用规格 %s 的获�列表"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:436 builtin/remote.c:444
+#: builtin/remote.c:441 builtin/remote.c:449
 msgid "(matching)"
 msgstr "（匹�）"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:448
+#: builtin/remote.c:453
 msgid "(delete)"
 msgstr "（删除）"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:592 builtin/remote.c:598 builtin/remote.c:604
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s' to '%s'"
-msgstr "�能添加 '%s' 至 '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:636 builtin/remote.c:795 builtin/remote.c:895
+#: builtin/remote.c:627 builtin/remote.c:762 builtin/remote.c:861
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote: %s"
 msgstr "没有这样的远程：%s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:653
+#: builtin/remote.c:644
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr "�能�命��置�节 '%s' 到 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:659 builtin/remote.c:847
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
-msgstr "�能移除�置�节 '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:674
+#: builtin/remote.c:664
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
 "\t%s\n"
 "\tPlease update the configuration manually if necessary."
 msgstr ""
-"没有更新�默认的获�引用规则\n"
+"没有更新�默认的获�引用规格\n"
 "\t%s\n"
 "\t如果必�请手动更新�置。"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:680
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not append '%s'"
-msgstr "�能追加 '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:691
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not set '%s'"
-msgstr "�能设置 '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:713
+#: builtin/remote.c:700
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
 msgstr "删除 '%s' 失败"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:747
+#: builtin/remote.c:734
 #, c-format
 msgid "creating '%s' failed"
 msgstr "创建 '%s' 失败"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:766
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not remove branch %s"
-msgstr "无法移除分支 %s"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:833
+#: builtin/remote.c:799
 msgid ""
 "Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
 "to delete it, use:"
@@ -8552,126 +12904,151 @@ msgid_plural ""
 msgstr[0] "注�：ref/remotes 层级之外的一个分支未被移除。�删除它，使用："
 msgstr[1] "注�：ref/remotes 层级之外的一些分支未被移除。�删除它们，使用："
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:948
+#: builtin/remote.c:813
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr "�能移除�置�节 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:914
 #, c-format
 msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
 msgstr " 新的（下一次获�将存储于 remotes/%s）"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:951
+#: builtin/remote.c:917
 msgid " tracked"
 msgstr " 已跟踪"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:953
+#: builtin/remote.c:919
 msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
 msgstr " 过时（使用 'git remote prune' �移除）"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:955
+#: builtin/remote.c:921
 msgid " ???"
 msgstr " ???"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:996
+#: builtin/remote.c:962
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
 msgstr "无效的 branch.%s.merge，�能�基到一个以上的分支"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1003
+#: builtin/remote.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively onto remote %s"
+msgstr "交互��基到远程 %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases interactively (with merges) onto remote %s"
+msgstr "交互��基（��并�交）到远程 %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:976
 #, c-format
 msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
 msgstr "�基到远程 %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1006
+#: builtin/remote.c:980
 #, c-format
 msgid " merges with remote %s"
 msgstr " 与远程 %s �并"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1007
-msgid "    and with remote"
-msgstr "    且有远程"
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:1009
+#: builtin/remote.c:983
 #, c-format
 msgid "merges with remote %s"
 msgstr "与远程 %s �并"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1010
-msgid "   and with remote"
-msgstr "   且有远程"
+#: builtin/remote.c:986
+#, c-format
+msgid "%-*s    and with remote %s\n"
+msgstr "%-*s    以�和远程 %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1056
+#: builtin/remote.c:1029
 msgid "create"
 msgstr "创建"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1059
+#: builtin/remote.c:1032
 msgid "delete"
 msgstr "删除"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1063
+#: builtin/remote.c:1036
 msgid "up to date"
 msgstr "最新"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1066
+#: builtin/remote.c:1039
 msgid "fast-forwardable"
 msgstr "�快进"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1069
+#: builtin/remote.c:1042
 msgid "local out of date"
 msgstr "本地已过时"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1076
+#: builtin/remote.c:1049
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
 msgstr "    %-*s 强制推�至 %-*s (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1079
+#: builtin/remote.c:1052
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
 msgstr "    %-*s 推�至 %-*s (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1083
+#: builtin/remote.c:1056
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
 msgstr "    %-*s 强制推�至 %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1086
+#: builtin/remote.c:1059
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
 msgstr "    %-*s 推�至 %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1154
+#: builtin/remote.c:1127
 msgid "do not query remotes"
 msgstr "�查询远程"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1181
+#: builtin/remote.c:1154
 #, c-format
 msgid "* remote %s"
 msgstr "* 远程 %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1182
+#: builtin/remote.c:1155
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
 msgstr "  获�地�：%s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1183 builtin/remote.c:1334
+#: builtin/remote.c:1156 builtin/remote.c:1172 builtin/remote.c:1311
 msgid "(no URL)"
 msgstr "(æ—  URL)"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1192 builtin/remote.c:1194
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon ':' should align
+#. with the one in " Fetch URL: %s"
+#. translation.
+#.
+#: builtin/remote.c:1170 builtin/remote.c:1172
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
 msgstr "  推�地�：%s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1196 builtin/remote.c:1198 builtin/remote.c:1200
+#: builtin/remote.c:1174 builtin/remote.c:1176 builtin/remote.c:1178
 #, c-format
 msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
-msgstr "  HEAD分支：%s"
+msgstr "  HEAD 分支：%s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1202
+#  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
+#: builtin/remote.c:1174
+msgid "(not queried)"
+msgstr "（未查询）"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1176
+msgid "(unknown)"
+msgstr "（未知）"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1180
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
 msgstr "  HEAD 分支（远程 HEAD 模糊，�能是下列中的一个）：\n"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1214
+#: builtin/remote.c:1192
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
 msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
@@ -8679,581 +13056,634 @@ msgstr[0] "  远程分支：%s"
 msgstr[1] "  远程分支：%s"
 
 #  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
-#: builtin/remote.c:1217 builtin/remote.c:1244
+#: builtin/remote.c:1195 builtin/remote.c:1221
 msgid " (status not queried)"
 msgstr "（状�未查询）"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1226
+#: builtin/remote.c:1204
 msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
 msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
 msgstr[0] "  为 'git pull' �置的本地分支："
 msgstr[1] "  为 'git pull' �置的本地分支："
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1234
+#: builtin/remote.c:1212
 msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
 msgstr "  本地引用将在 'git push' 时被镜�"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1241
+#: builtin/remote.c:1218
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
 msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
 msgstr[0] "  为 'git push' �置的本地引用%s："
 msgstr[1] "  为 'git push' �置的本地引用%s："
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1262
+#: builtin/remote.c:1239
 msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
 msgstr "根�远程设置 refs/remotes/<�称>/HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1264
+#: builtin/remote.c:1241
 msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
 msgstr "删除 refs/remotes/<�称>/HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1279
+#: builtin/remote.c:1256
 msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
 msgstr "无法确定远程 HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1281
+#: builtin/remote.c:1258
 msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
 msgstr "多个远程 HEAD 分支。请明确地选择一个用命令："
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1291
+#: builtin/remote.c:1268
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not delete %s"
 msgstr "无法删除 %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1299
+#: builtin/remote.c:1276
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
 msgstr "�是一个有效引用：%s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1301
+#: builtin/remote.c:1278
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not setup %s"
 msgstr "�能设置 %s"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: builtin/remote.c:1319
+#: builtin/remote.c:1296
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s will become dangling!"
 msgstr " %s 将�为摇摆状��"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: builtin/remote.c:1320
+#: builtin/remote.c:1297
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s has become dangling!"
 msgstr " %s 已�为摇摆状��"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1330
+#: builtin/remote.c:1307
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pruning %s"
 msgstr "修剪 %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1331
+#: builtin/remote.c:1308
 #, c-format
 msgid "URL: %s"
 msgstr "URL：%s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1354
+#: builtin/remote.c:1324
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [would prune] %s"
 msgstr " * [将删除] %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1357
+#: builtin/remote.c:1327
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [pruned] %s"
 msgstr " * [已删除] %s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1402
+#: builtin/remote.c:1372
 msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
 msgstr "抓��清除远程"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1468 builtin/remote.c:1542
+#: builtin/remote.c:1435 builtin/remote.c:1489 builtin/remote.c:1557
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote '%s'"
 msgstr "没有此远程 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1488
+#: builtin/remote.c:1451
 msgid "add branch"
 msgstr "添加分支"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1495
+#: builtin/remote.c:1458
 msgid "no remote specified"
 msgstr "未指定远程"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1517
+#: builtin/remote.c:1475
+msgid "query push URLs rather than fetch URLs"
+msgstr "查询推� URL 地�，而�获� URL 地�"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1477
+msgid "return all URLs"
+msgstr "返回所有 URL 地�"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1505
+#, c-format
+msgid "no URLs configured for remote '%s'"
+msgstr "没有给远程仓库 '%s' 设定 URL"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1531
 msgid "manipulate push URLs"
 msgstr "�作推� URLS"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1519
+#: builtin/remote.c:1533
 msgid "add URL"
 msgstr "添加 URL"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1521
+#: builtin/remote.c:1535
 msgid "delete URLs"
 msgstr "删除 URLS"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1528
+#: builtin/remote.c:1542
 msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
 msgstr "--add --delete 无�义"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1568
+#: builtin/remote.c:1581
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
-msgstr "无效的旧URL匹�模版：%s"
+msgstr "无效的旧 URL 匹�模版：%s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1576
+#: builtin/remote.c:1589
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such URL found: %s"
-msgstr "未找到此URL：%s"
+msgstr "未找到此 URL：%s"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1578
+#: builtin/remote.c:1591
 msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
-msgstr "将�会删除所有�推�URL地�"
+msgstr "将�会删除所有�推� URL 地�"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:1592
+#: builtin/remote.c:1607
 msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
 msgstr "冗长输出；必须置于�命令之�"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:17
-msgid "git repack [options]"
-msgstr "git repack [选项]"
+#: builtin/remote.c:1638
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "未知�命令：%s"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:159
+#: builtin/repack.c:18
+msgid "git repack [<options>]"
+msgstr "git repack [<选项>]"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:23
+msgid ""
+"Incremental repacks are incompatible with bitmap indexes.  Use\n"
+"--no-write-bitmap-index or disable the pack.writebitmaps configuration."
+msgstr ""
+"增� repack 和 bitmap 索引�兼容。  使用 --no-write-bitmap-index\n"
+"或�用 pack.writebitmaps �置。"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:180
 msgid "pack everything in a single pack"
 msgstr "所有内容打包到一个包文件中"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:161
+#: builtin/repack.c:182
 msgid "same as -a, and turn unreachable objects loose"
 msgstr "和 -a 相�，并将��达的对象设为�散对象"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:164
+#: builtin/repack.c:185
 msgid "remove redundant packs, and run git-prune-packed"
 msgstr "删除多余的包，�行 git-prune-packed"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:166
+#: builtin/repack.c:187
 msgid "pass --no-reuse-delta to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "� git-pack-objects 传递�数 --no-reuse-delta"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:168
+#: builtin/repack.c:189
 msgid "pass --no-reuse-object to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "� git-pack-objects 传递�数 --no-reuse-object"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:170
+#: builtin/repack.c:191
 msgid "do not run git-update-server-info"
 msgstr "��行 git-update-server-info"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:173
+#: builtin/repack.c:194
 msgid "pass --local to git-pack-objects"
 msgstr "� git-pack-objects 传递�数 --local"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:175
+#: builtin/repack.c:196
 msgid "write bitmap index"
 msgstr "写 bitmap 索引"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:176
+#: builtin/repack.c:197
 msgid "approxidate"
 msgstr "近似日期"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:177
+#: builtin/repack.c:198
 msgid "with -A, do not loosen objects older than this"
 msgstr "使用 -A，��将早于给定时间的对象过期"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:179
+#: builtin/repack.c:200
+msgid "with -a, repack unreachable objects"
+msgstr "使用 -a ，�新对��达对象打包"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:202
 msgid "size of the window used for delta compression"
 msgstr "用于增�压缩的窗�值"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:180 builtin/repack.c:184
+#: builtin/repack.c:203 builtin/repack.c:209
 msgid "bytes"
 msgstr "字节"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:181
+#: builtin/repack.c:204
 msgid "same as the above, but limit memory size instead of entries count"
 msgstr "和上�的相似，但�制内存大�而��目数"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:183
+#: builtin/repack.c:206
 msgid "limits the maximum delta depth"
 msgstr "�制最大增�深度"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:185
+#: builtin/repack.c:208
+msgid "limits the maximum number of threads"
+msgstr "�制最大线程数"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:210
 msgid "maximum size of each packfile"
-msgstr "�个包的最大尺寸"
+msgstr "�个包文件的最大尺寸"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:187
+#: builtin/repack.c:212
 msgid "repack objects in packs marked with .keep"
 msgstr "对标记为 .keep 的包中的对象�新打包"
 
-#: builtin/repack.c:371
+#: builtin/repack.c:214
+msgid "do not repack this pack"
+msgstr "��对该包文件�新打包"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:224
+msgid "cannot delete packs in a precious-objects repo"
+msgstr "�能删除��仓库中的打包文件"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:228
+msgid "--keep-unreachable and -A are incompatible"
+msgstr "--keep-unreachable 和 -A �兼容"
+
+#: builtin/repack.c:425 builtin/worktree.c:139
 #, c-format
-msgid "removing '%s' failed"
-msgstr "删除 '%s' 失败"
+msgid "failed to remove '%s'"
+msgstr "无法删除 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:19
+#: builtin/replace.c:22
 msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] <对象> <替�物>"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:20
+#: builtin/replace.c:23
 msgid "git replace [-f] --edit <object>"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] --edit <对象>"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:21
+#: builtin/replace.c:24
 msgid "git replace [-f] --graft <commit> [<parent>...]"
 msgstr "git replace [-f] --graft <�交> [<父�交>...]"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:22
+#: builtin/replace.c:25
+msgid "git replace [-f] --convert-graft-file"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] --convert-graft-file"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:26
 msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
 msgstr "git replace -d <对象>..."
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:23
+#: builtin/replace.c:27
 msgid "git replace [--format=<format>] [-l [<pattern>]]"
 msgstr "git replace [--format=<格�>] [-l [<模�>]]"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:325 builtin/replace.c:363 builtin/replace.c:391
+#: builtin/replace.c:371 builtin/replace.c:415 builtin/replace.c:445
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'"
 msgstr "�是一个有效的对象�：'%s'"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:355
+#: builtin/replace.c:407
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad mergetag in commit '%s'"
-msgstr "�交 '%s' 中��的 mergetag"
+msgstr "�交 '%s' 中�有��的�并标签"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:357
+#: builtin/replace.c:409
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed mergetag in commit '%s'"
-msgstr "�交 '%s' 中�法的 mergetag"
+msgstr "�交 '%s' 中�有格�错误的�并标签"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:368
+#: builtin/replace.c:421
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "original commit '%s' contains mergetag '%s' that is discarded; use --edit "
 "instead of --graft"
-msgstr "原始�交 '%s' 包�已�丢弃的 mergetag '%s'，使用 --edit 代替 --graft"
+msgstr "原始�交 '%s' 包�已�丢弃的�并标签 '%s'，使用 --edit 代替 --graft"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:401
+#: builtin/replace.c:460
 #, c-format
 msgid "the original commit '%s' has a gpg signature."
 msgstr "原始�交 '%s' 中包�一个 GPG 签�"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:402
+#: builtin/replace.c:461
 msgid "the signature will be removed in the replacement commit!"
 msgstr "在替�的�交中签�将被移除�"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:408
+#: builtin/replace.c:471
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not write replacement commit for: '%s'"
 msgstr "�能为 '%s' 写替��交"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:432
+#: builtin/replace.c:514
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not convert the following graft(s):\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"�能转�下列移�：\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:535
 msgid "list replace refs"
 msgstr "列出替�的引用"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:433
+#: builtin/replace.c:536
 msgid "delete replace refs"
 msgstr "删除替�的引用"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:434
+#: builtin/replace.c:537
 msgid "edit existing object"
 msgstr "编辑现存的对象"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:435
+#: builtin/replace.c:538
 msgid "change a commit's parents"
 msgstr "修改一个�交的父�交"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:436
+#: builtin/replace.c:539
+msgid "convert existing graft file"
+msgstr "转�现存的移�文件"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:540
 msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
 msgstr "如果存在则替�引用"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:437
+#: builtin/replace.c:542
 msgid "do not pretty-print contents for --edit"
 msgstr "��为 --edit �作美观显示内容"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:438
+#: builtin/replace.c:543
 msgid "use this format"
 msgstr "使用此格�"
 
-#: builtin/rerere.c:12
-msgid "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
-msgstr "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+#: builtin/rerere.c:13
+msgid "git rerere [clear | forget <path>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+msgstr "git rerere [clear | forget <路径>... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
 
-#: builtin/rerere.c:57
+#: builtin/rerere.c:59
 msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
 msgstr "在索引中注册干净的解决方案"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:26
+#: builtin/reset.c:29
 msgid ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
 msgstr "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<�交>]"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:27
-msgid "git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <paths>..."
-msgstr "git reset [-q] <树或�交> [--] <路径>..."
+#: builtin/reset.c:30
+msgid "git reset [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git reset [-q] [<树或�交>] [--] <路径>..."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:28
+#: builtin/reset.c:31
 msgid "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"
 msgstr "git reset --patch [<树或�交>] [--] [<路径>...]"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "mixed"
 msgstr "混�"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "soft"
 msgstr "软性"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "hard"
 msgstr "硬性"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "merge"
 msgstr "�并"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:34
+#: builtin/reset.c:37
 msgid "keep"
 msgstr "��"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:74
+#: builtin/reset.c:78
 msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
 msgstr "您没有一个有效的 HEAD。"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:76
+#: builtin/reset.c:80
 msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
 msgstr "无法找到 HEAD 指�的树。"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:82
+#: builtin/reset.c:86
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
 msgstr "无法找到 %s 指�的树。"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:100
+#: builtin/reset.c:111
 #, c-format
 msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
 msgstr "HEAD 现在�于 %s"
 
 #  译者：汉字之间无空格，故删除%s��空格
-#: builtin/reset.c:183
+#: builtin/reset.c:189
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
 msgstr "在�并过程中�能�%s�置�作。"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:276
+#: builtin/reset.c:289
 msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
 msgstr "安�模�，�报告错误"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:278
+#: builtin/reset.c:291
 msgid "reset HEAD and index"
 msgstr "�置 HEAD 和索引"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:279
+#: builtin/reset.c:292
 msgid "reset only HEAD"
 msgstr "��置 HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:281 builtin/reset.c:283
+#: builtin/reset.c:294 builtin/reset.c:296
 msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
 msgstr "�置 HEAD�索引和工作区"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:285
+#: builtin/reset.c:298
 msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
 msgstr "�置 HEAD 但�存本地�更"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:288
+#: builtin/reset.c:304
 msgid "record only the fact that removed paths will be added later"
 msgstr "将删除的路径标记为��添加"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:305
+#: builtin/reset.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."
 msgstr "无法将 '%s' 解�为一个有效的版本。"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:308 builtin/reset.c:316
-#, c-format
-msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
-msgstr "�能解�对象 '%s'。"
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:313
+#: builtin/reset.c:329
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."
 msgstr "无法将 '%s' 解�为一个有效的树对象。"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:322
+#: builtin/reset.c:338
 msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 msgstr "--patch 与 --{hard�mixed�soft} 选项�兼容"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#: builtin/reset.c:347
 msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
 msgstr "--mixed 带路径已弃用，而是用 'git reset -- <路径>'。"
 
 #  译者：汉字之间无空格，故删除%s��空格
-#: builtin/reset.c:333
+#: builtin/reset.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
 msgstr "�能带路径进行%s�置。"
 
 #  译者：汉字之间无空格，故删除%s��空格
-#: builtin/reset.c:343
+#: builtin/reset.c:359
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
-msgstr "�能对纯版本库进行%s�置"
+msgstr "�能对纯仓库进行%s�置"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#: builtin/reset.c:363
 msgid "-N can only be used with --mixed"
 msgstr "-N �能和 --mixed �时使用"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:364
+#: builtin/reset.c:380
 msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
-msgstr "�置�撤出暂存区的�更："
+msgstr "�置��消暂存的�更："
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:370
+#: builtin/reset.c:386
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
 msgstr "�能�置索引文件至版本 '%s'。"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:374
+#: builtin/reset.c:390
 msgid "Could not write new index file."
 msgstr "�能写入新的索引文件。"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:361
-msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
-msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [选项] -- [<�数>...]"
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:397
+msgid "cannot combine --exclude-promisor-objects and --missing"
+msgstr "�能�时使用 --exclude-promisor-objects 和 --missing 选项"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:455
+msgid "object filtering requires --objects"
+msgstr "对象过滤需� --objects"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:458
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid sparse value '%s'"
+msgstr "无效的稀�值 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:499
+msgid "rev-list does not support display of notes"
+msgstr "rev-list �支�显示注解"
+
+#: builtin/rev-list.c:502
+msgid "cannot combine --use-bitmap-index with object filtering"
+msgstr "�能将 --use-bitmap-index 和对象过滤组�使用"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:406
+msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]"
+msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [<选项>] -- [<�数>...]"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:366
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:411
 msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
 msgstr "�� `--` 作为一个�数传递"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:368
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:413
 msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
 msgstr "�到第一个�选项�数��止解�"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:371
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:416
 msgid "output in stuck long form"
 msgstr "以固定长格�输出"
 
-#: builtin/rev-parse.c:499
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:549
 msgid ""
-"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<options>] -- [<args>...]\n"
 "   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
-"   or: git rev-parse [options] [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [<options>] [<arg>...]\n"
 "\n"
 "Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
 msgstr ""
-"git rev-parse --parseopt [选项] -- [<�数>...]\n"
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [<选项>] -- [<�数>...]\n"
 "   或者：git rev-parse --sq-quote [<�数>...]\n"
-"   或者：git rev-parse [选项] [<�数>...]\n"
+"   或者：git rev-parse [<选项>] [<�数>...]\n"
 "\n"
 "�次使用时执行 \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" �获得更多信�。"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:22
-msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>..."
-msgstr "git revert [选项] <�交�>..."
-
 #: builtin/revert.c:23
+msgid "git revert [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git revert [<选项>] <�交�>..."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:24
 msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
 msgstr "git revert <�命令>"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:28
-msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>..."
-msgstr "git cherry-pick [选项] <�交�>..."
-
 #: builtin/revert.c:29
+msgid "git cherry-pick [<options>] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git cherry-pick [<选项>] <�交�>..."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:30
 msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
 msgstr "git cherry-pick <�命令>"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:71
+#: builtin/revert.c:90
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr "%s：%s �能和 %s �时使用"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:80
+#: builtin/revert.c:99
 msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
 msgstr "终止�转或拣选�作"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:81
+#: builtin/revert.c:100
 msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
 msgstr "继续�转或拣选�作"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:82
+#: builtin/revert.c:101
 msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
 msgstr "�消�转或拣选�作"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:83
+#: builtin/revert.c:102
 msgid "don't automatically commit"
 msgstr "��自动�交"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:84
+#: builtin/revert.c:103
 msgid "edit the commit message"
 msgstr "编辑�交说明"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:87
-msgid "parent number"
+#: builtin/revert.c:106
+msgid "parent-number"
 msgstr "父编�"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:89
+#: builtin/revert.c:107
+msgid "select mainline parent"
+msgstr "选择主干父�交编�"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "merge strategy"
 msgstr "�并策略"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:90
+#: builtin/revert.c:110
 msgid "option"
 msgstr "选项"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:91
+#: builtin/revert.c:111
 msgid "option for merge strategy"
 msgstr "�并策略的选项"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:104
+#: builtin/revert.c:120
 msgid "append commit name"
 msgstr "追加�交�称"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:105
-msgid "allow fast-forward"
-msgstr "�许快进�"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:106
+#: builtin/revert.c:122
 msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
 msgstr "�留�始化的空�交"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:107
-msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
-msgstr "�许�交说明为空"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:108
+#: builtin/revert.c:124
 msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
 msgstr "��多余的�空的�交"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:112
-msgid "program error"
-msgstr "程�错误"
-
-#: builtin/revert.c:197
+#: builtin/revert.c:214
 msgid "revert failed"
 msgstr "还原失败"
 
-#: builtin/revert.c:212
+#: builtin/revert.c:227
 msgid "cherry-pick failed"
 msgstr "拣选失败"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:17
-msgid "git rm [options] [--] <file>..."
-msgstr "git rm [选项] [--] <文件>..."
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:65
-msgid ""
-"the following submodule (or one of its nested submodules)\n"
-"uses a .git directory:"
-msgid_plural ""
-"the following submodules (or one of their nested submodules)\n"
-"use a .git directory:"
-msgstr[0] "以下�模组（或一个其嵌套�模组）使用了一个 .git 目录："
-msgstr[1] "以下�模组（或一个其嵌套�模组）使用了一个 .git 目录："
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:71
-msgid ""
-"\n"
-"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
-msgstr ""
-"\n"
-"（使用 'rm -rf' 命令如果您真的想删除它�其全部历�）"
+#: builtin/rm.c:18
+msgid "git rm [<options>] [--] <file>..."
+msgstr "git rm [<选项>] [--] <文件>..."
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:231
+#: builtin/rm.c:206
 msgid ""
 "the following file has staged content different from both the\n"
 "file and the HEAD:"
@@ -9263,7 +13693,7 @@ msgid_plural ""
 msgstr[0] "如下文件其暂存的内容和工作区� HEAD 中的都�一样："
 msgstr[1] "如下文件其暂存的内容和工作区� HEAD 中的都�一样："
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:236
+#: builtin/rm.c:211
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "(use -f to force removal)"
@@ -9271,13 +13701,13 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "（使用 -f 强制删除）"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:240
+#: builtin/rm.c:215
 msgid "the following file has changes staged in the index:"
 msgid_plural "the following files have changes staged in the index:"
-msgstr[0] "如下文件相对索引区的内容有修改"
-msgstr[1] "如下文件相对索引区的内容有修改"
+msgstr[0] "下列文件索引中有�更"
+msgstr[1] "下列文件索引中有�更"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:244 builtin/rm.c:255
+#: builtin/rm.c:219 builtin/rm.c:228
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
@@ -9285,206 +13715,657 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "（使用 --cached �留本地文件，或用 -f 强制删除）"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:252
+#: builtin/rm.c:225
 msgid "the following file has local modifications:"
 msgid_plural "the following files have local modifications:"
 msgstr[0] "如下文件有本地修改："
 msgstr[1] "如下文件有本地修改："
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:270
+#: builtin/rm.c:241
 msgid "do not list removed files"
 msgstr "�列出删除的文件"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:271
+#: builtin/rm.c:242
 msgid "only remove from the index"
 msgstr "�从索引区删除"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:272
+#: builtin/rm.c:243
 msgid "override the up-to-date check"
 msgstr "忽略文件更新状�检查"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:273
+#: builtin/rm.c:244
 msgid "allow recursive removal"
 msgstr "�许递归删除"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:275
+#: builtin/rm.c:246
 msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
 msgstr "�使没有匹�，也以零状�退出"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:318
-msgid "Please, stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"
-msgstr "请将您的修改缓存到 .gitmodules 中或�存进度��继续"
-
-#: builtin/rm.c:336
+#: builtin/rm.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
 msgstr "未�供 -r 选项�会递归删除 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:375
+#: builtin/rm.c:345
 #, c-format
 msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
 msgstr "git rm：�能删除 %s"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:13
-msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"
-msgstr "git shortlog [<选项>] [<版本范围>] [[--] [<路径>...]]"
-
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:131
+#: builtin/rm.c:368
 #, c-format
-msgid "Missing author: %s"
-msgstr "缺少作者：%s"
+msgid "could not remove '%s'"
+msgstr "无法删除 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:20
+msgid ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<host>:]<directory> "
+"[<ref>...]\n"
+"  --all and explicit <ref> specification are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+"git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-"
+"receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic] [<主机>:]<目录> [<引用>...]\n"
+"  --all 和明确的 <引用> 互斥。"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:230
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:163
+msgid "remote name"
+msgstr "远程�称"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:177
+msgid "use stateless RPC protocol"
+msgstr "使用无状�的 RPC �议"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:178
+msgid "read refs from stdin"
+msgstr "从标准输入读�引用"
+
+#: builtin/send-pack.c:179
+msgid "print status from remote helper"
+msgstr "打��自远程 helper 的状�"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:7
+msgid "git serve [<options>]"
+msgstr "git serve [<选项>]"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:17 builtin/upload-pack.c:23
+msgid "quit after a single request/response exchange"
+msgstr "在一次�独的请求/�应之�退出"
+
+#: builtin/serve.c:19
+msgid "exit immediately after advertising capabilities"
+msgstr "在广告功能�立�退出"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:14
+msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git shortlog [<选项>] [<版本范围>] [[--] <路径>...]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:15
+msgid "git log --pretty=short | git shortlog [<options>]"
+msgstr "git log --pretty=short | git shortlog [<选项>]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:264
+msgid "Group by committer rather than author"
+msgstr "按照�交者分组而�是作者"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:266
 msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
 msgstr "根��个作者的�交数�排�"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:232
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:268
 msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
 msgstr "���交说明，��供�交数�"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:234
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:270
 msgid "Show the email address of each author"
 msgstr "显示�个作者的电�邮件地�"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:235
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:271
 msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 msgstr "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:236
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:272
 msgid "Linewrap output"
 msgstr "折行输出"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:9
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:298
+msgid "too many arguments given outside repository"
+msgstr "仓库外执行�供了太多的�数"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:12
 msgid ""
-"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
 "\t\t[--current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
 "\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
 "\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <glob>)...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
+"git show-branch [-a | --all] [-r | --remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]\n"
 "\t\t[--current] [--color[=<何时>] | --no-color] [--sparse]\n"
 "\t\t[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]\n"
 "\t\t[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<版本> | <通�符>)...]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:13
-msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
-msgstr "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<引用>]"
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:16
+msgid "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git show-branch (-g | --reflog)[=<n>[,<起始点>]] [--list] [<引用>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d ref"
+msgid_plural "ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "忽略 %s，无法处� %d 个以上的引用"
+msgstr[1] "忽略 %s，无法处� %d 个以上的引用"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:530
+#, c-format
+msgid "no matching refs with %s"
+msgstr "没有和 %s 匹�的引用"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:626
 msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "显示远程跟踪的和本地的分支"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:654
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:628
 msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "显示远程跟踪的分支"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:630
 msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
 msgstr "�色 '*!+-' 到相应的分支"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:658
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:632
 msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
 msgstr "显示共�祖先�的 <n> 个�交"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:634
 msgid "synonym to more=-1"
 msgstr "和 more=-1 �义"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:661
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:635
 msgid "suppress naming strings"
 msgstr "�显示字符串命�"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:663
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:637
 msgid "include the current branch"
 msgstr "包括当�分支"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:665
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:639
 msgid "name commits with their object names"
 msgstr "以对象�字命��交"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:667
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:641
 msgid "show possible merge bases"
 msgstr "显示�能�并的基线"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:669
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:643
 msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
 msgstr "显示没有任何引用的的引用"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:671
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:645
 msgid "show commits in topological order"
 msgstr "以拓扑顺�显示�交"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:674
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:648
 msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
 msgstr "�显示�在第一个分支上的�交"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:676
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:650
 msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
 msgstr "显示仅一个分支�访问的�并�交"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
 msgid "topologically sort, maintaining date order where possible"
 msgstr "拓扑方�排�，并尽�能地��日期顺�"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:681
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
 msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
 msgstr "<n>[,<base>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:682
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
 msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
-msgstr "显示从 base 开始的 <n> �最近的引用日志记录"
+msgstr "显示从起始点开始的 <n> �最近的引用日志记录"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:690
+msgid ""
+"--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, --independent or --merge-base"
+msgstr "--reflog 和 --all�--remotes�--independent 或 --merge-base �兼容"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:714
+msgid "no branches given, and HEAD is not valid"
+msgstr "未�供分支，且 HEAD 无效"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:717
+msgid "--reflog option needs one branch name"
+msgstr "选项 --reflog 需�一个分支�"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "only %d entry can be shown at one time."
+msgid_plural "only %d entries can be shown at one time."
+msgstr[0] "一次�能显示 %d 个�目。"
+msgstr[1] "一次�能显示 %d 个�目。"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:724
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such ref %s"
+msgstr "无此引用 %s"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot handle more than %d rev."
+msgid_plural "cannot handle more than %d revs."
+msgstr[0] "�能处� %d 个以上的版本。"
+msgstr[1] "�能处� %d 个以上的版本。"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:812
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid ref."
+msgstr "'%s' �是一个有效的引用。"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot find commit %s (%s)"
+msgstr "�能找到�交 %s（%s）"
 
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:10
 msgid ""
-"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
-"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<pattern>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
-"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+"git show-ref [-q | --quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d | --dereference] [-s | --"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [<模�>...]"
 
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:11
-msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list"
-msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=模�] < 引用列表"
+msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=<模�>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:159
 msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
-msgstr "�显示 tags（�以和头共用）"
+msgstr "�显示标签（�以和头共用）"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:169
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:160
 msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
-msgstr "�显示头（�以和 tags 共用）"
+msgstr "�显示头（�以和标签共用）"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:161
 msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
 msgstr "更严格的引用检测，需�精确的引用路径"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:173 builtin/show-ref.c:175
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:164 builtin/show-ref.c:166
 msgid "show the HEAD reference, even if it would be filtered out"
 msgstr "显示 HEAD 引用，�使被过滤掉"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:177
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:168
 msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
-msgstr "转� tags 到对象ID"
+msgstr "转�标签到对象 ID"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:179
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:170
 msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
 msgstr "�显示使用 <n> 个数字的 SHA1 哈希"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:183
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:174
 msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
 msgstr "�打�结果到标准输出（例如与 --verify �数共用）"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:185
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
 msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
-msgstr "显示从标准输入中读入的�在本地版本库中的引用"
+msgstr "显示从标准输入中读入的�在本地仓库中的引用"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:18
+msgid "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:19
+msgid "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+msgstr "git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines]"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:36
+msgid "skip and remove all lines starting with comment character"
+msgstr "跳过和移除所有的注释行"
+
+#: builtin/stripspace.c:39
+msgid "prepend comment character and space to each line"
+msgstr "为�一行的行首添加注释符和空格"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:37 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1688
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such ref: %s"
+msgstr "没有这样的引用：%s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:44 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1697
+#, c-format
+msgid "Expecting a full ref name, got %s"
+msgstr "期望一个完整的引用�称，�得到 %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:61
+msgid "submodule--helper print-default-remote takes no arguments"
+msgstr "submodule--helper print-default-remote �带�数"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '%s'"
+msgstr "无法从 url '%s' 剥离一个组件"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:406 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1211
+msgid "alternative anchor for relative paths"
+msgstr "相对路径的替代锚记（anchor）"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:411
+msgid "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper list [--prefix=<路径>] [<路径>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:462 builtin/submodule--helper.c:485
+#, c-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '%s' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr "在 .gitmodules 中未找到�模组 '%s' 的 url"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not lookup configuration '%s'. Assuming this repository is its own "
+"authoritative upstream."
+msgstr "无法找到�置 '%s'。�定这个仓库是其自身的官方上游。"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:511
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "无法为�模组 '%s' 注册 url"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) registered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "�模组 '%s'（%s）未对路径 '%s' 注册\n"
+
+#
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:525
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: command update mode suggested for submodule '%s'\n"
+msgstr "警告：建议�模组 '%s' 使用命令更新模�\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "无法为�模组 '%s' 注册更新模�"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:7
-msgid "git symbolic-ref [options] name [ref]"
-msgstr "git symbolic-ref [选项] �称 [引用]"
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:554
+msgid "Suppress output for initializing a submodule"
+msgstr "阻止�模组�始化的输出"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:559
+msgid "git submodule--helper init [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper init [<路径>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:631 builtin/submodule--helper.c:757
+#, c-format
+msgid "no submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '%s'"
+msgstr "在 .gitmodules 中没有�现路径 '%s' 的�模组映射"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:670
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not resolve HEAD ref inside the submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "无法解��模组 '%s' 的 HEAD 引用"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:697 builtin/submodule--helper.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to recurse into submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "无法递归�模组 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:721 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1031
+msgid "Suppress submodule status output"
+msgstr "阻止�模组状�输出"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:722
+msgid ""
+"Use commit stored in the index instead of the one stored in the submodule "
+"HEAD"
+msgstr "使用存储在索引中的�交，而�存储在�模组 HEAD 中的�交"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:723
+msgid "recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "递归进入嵌套�模组中"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:728
+msgid "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule status [--quiet] [--cached] [--recursive] [<路径>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:752
+msgid "git submodule--helper name <path>"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper name <路径>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:816
+#, c-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '%s'\n"
+msgstr "为 '%s' �步�模组 url\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to register url for submodule path '%s'"
+msgstr "无法为�模组路径 '%s' 注册 url"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:836
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to get the default remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "无法得到�模组 '%s' 的默认远程关�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:847
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to update remote for submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "无法为�模组 '%s' 更新远程关�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:895
+msgid "Suppress output of synchronizing submodule url"
+msgstr "阻止�模组 url �步的输出"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:897
+msgid "Recurse into nested submodules"
+msgstr "递归进入嵌套�模组中"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:902
+msgid "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<path>]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper sync [--quiet] [--recursive] [<路径>]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:956
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains a .git directory (use 'rm -rf' if you "
+"really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+"�模组工作区 '%s' 包�一个 .git 目录（如果您确需删除它�其全部历�，使用 'rm "
+"-rf' 命令）"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:968
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '%s' contains local modifications; use '-f' to discard "
+"them"
+msgstr "�模组工作区 '%s' 包�本地修改；使用 '-f' 丢弃它们"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:976
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cleared directory '%s'\n"
+msgstr "已清除目录 '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:978
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '%s'\n"
+msgstr "无法移除�模组工作区 '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:987
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create empty submodule directory %s"
+msgstr "�能创建空的�模组目录 %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1003
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule '%s' (%s) unregistered for path '%s'\n"
+msgstr "�模组 '%s'（%s）未对路径 '%s' 注册\n"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1032
+msgid "Remove submodule working trees even if they contain local changes"
+msgstr "删除�模组工作区，�使包�本地修改"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1033
+msgid "Unregister all submodules"
+msgstr "将所有�模组�消注册"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1038
+msgid ""
+"git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule deinit [--quiet] [-f | --force] [--all | [--] [<路径>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1052
+msgid "Use '--all' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgstr "如果您确实想�对所有�模组执行�消�始化，请使用 '--all'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1145 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1148
+#, c-format
+msgid "submodule '%s' cannot add alternate: %s"
+msgstr "�模组 '%s' �能添加仓库备选：%s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1184
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateErrorStrategy is not recognized"
+msgstr "�能识别 submodule.alternateErrorStrategy 的�值 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1191
+#, c-format
+msgid "Value '%s' for submodule.alternateLocation is not recognized"
+msgstr "�能识别 submodule.alternateLocaion 的�值 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1214
+msgid "where the new submodule will be cloned to"
+msgstr "新的�模组将�克隆的路径"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1217
+msgid "name of the new submodule"
+msgstr "新�模组的�称"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1220
+msgid "url where to clone the submodule from"
+msgstr "克隆�模组的 url 地�"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1228
+msgid "depth for shallow clones"
+msgstr "浅克隆的深度"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1231 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1606
+msgid "force cloning progress"
+msgstr "强制显示克隆进度"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1236
+msgid ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<path>] [--quiet] [--reference "
+"<repository>] [--name <name>] [--depth <depth>] --url <url> --path <path>"
+msgstr ""
+"git submodule--helper clone [--prefix=<路径>] [--quiet] [--reference <仓库>] "
+"[--name <�字>] [--depth <深度>] --url <url> --path <路径>"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1267
+#, c-format
+msgid "clone of '%s' into submodule path '%s' failed"
+msgstr "无法克隆 '%s' 到�模组路径 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1281
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not get submodule directory for '%s'"
+msgstr "无法得到 '%s' 的�模组目录"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1347
+#, c-format
+msgid "Submodule path '%s' not initialized"
+msgstr "�模组 '%s' 尚未�始化"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1351
+msgid "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr "也许您想�执行 'update --init'？"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1380
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping unmerged submodule %s"
+msgstr "略过未�并的�模组 %s"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1409
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping submodule '%s'"
+msgstr "略过�模组 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1544
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s'. Retry scheduled"
+msgstr "克隆 '%s' 失败。按计划�试"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1555
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to clone '%s' a second time, aborting"
+msgstr "第二次�试克隆 '%s' 失败，退出"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1585 builtin/submodule--helper.c:1808
+msgid "path into the working tree"
+msgstr "到工作区的路径"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1588
+msgid "path into the working tree, across nested submodule boundaries"
+msgstr "工作区中的路径，递归嵌套�模组"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1592
+msgid "rebase, merge, checkout or none"
+msgstr "rebase�merge�checkout 或 none"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1598
+msgid "Create a shallow clone truncated to the specified number of revisions"
+msgstr "创建一个指定深度的浅克隆"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1601
+msgid "parallel jobs"
+msgstr "并�任务"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1603
+msgid "whether the initial clone should follow the shallow recommendation"
+msgstr "�始克隆是�应该�守推�的浅克隆选项"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1604
+msgid "don't print cloning progress"
+msgstr "��输出克隆进度"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1611
+msgid "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<path>] [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper update_clone [--prefix=<路径>] [<路径>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1624
+msgid "bad value for update parameter"
+msgstr "update �数�值错误"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1692
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule (%s) branch configured to inherit branch from superproject, but "
+"the superproject is not on any branch"
+msgstr "�模组（%s）的分支�置为继承上级项目的分支，但是上级项目�在任何分支上"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1809
+msgid "recurse into submodules"
+msgstr "在�模组中递归"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1815
+msgid "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git submodule--helper embed-git-dir [<路径>...]"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1901
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s doesn't support --super-prefix"
+msgstr "%s �支� --super-prefix"
+
+#: builtin/submodule--helper.c:1907
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid submodule--helper subcommand"
+msgstr "'%s' �是一个有效的 submodule--helper �命令"
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:8
-msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] name"
-msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] �称"
+msgid "git symbolic-ref [<options>] <name> [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref [<选项>] <�称> [<引用>]"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:9
+msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <name>"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] <�称>"
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40
 msgid "suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"
@@ -9496,63 +14377,52 @@ msgstr "删除符�引用"
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:42
 msgid "shorten ref output"
-msgstr "简短的引用输出"
+msgstr "缩短引用输出"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:358
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
 msgid "reason"
 msgstr "原因"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:358
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:362
 msgid "reason of the update"
 msgstr "更新的原因"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:22
+#: builtin/tag.c:24
 msgid ""
-"git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]"
-msgstr "git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <说明>|-F <文件>] <标签�> [<头>]"
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>] <tagname> "
+"[<head>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git tag [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <说明> | -F <文件>] <标签�> [<头>]"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:23
+#: builtin/tag.c:25
 msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
 msgstr "git tag -d <标签�>..."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:24
+#: builtin/tag.c:26
 msgid ""
-"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>] \n"
-"\t\t[<pattern>...]"
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--no-contains <commit>] [--"
+"points-at <object>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<format>] [--[no-]merged [<commit>]] [<pattern>...]"
 msgstr ""
-"git tag -l [-n[<数字>]] [--contains <�交>] [--points-at <对象>] \n"
-"\t\t[<模�>...]"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:26
-msgid "git tag -v <tagname>..."
-msgstr "git tag -v <标签�>..."
+"git tag -l [-n[<数字>]] [--contains <�交>] [--no-contains <�交>] [--points-"
+"at <对象>]\n"
+"\t\t[--format=<格�>] [--[no-]merged [<�交>]] [<模�>...]"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:69
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
-msgstr "�法的对象于 '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:301
-#, c-format
-msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
-msgstr "tag �字太长：%.*s..."
+#: builtin/tag.c:28
+msgid "git tag -v [--format=<format>] <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -v [--format=<格�>] <标签�>..."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:306
+#: builtin/tag.c:86
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' not found."
-msgstr "tag '%s' 未�现。"
+msgstr "未�现标签 '%s'。"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:321
+#: builtin/tag.c:102
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
-msgstr "已删除 tag '%s'（曾为 %s）\n"
+msgstr "已删除标签 '%s'（曾为 %s）\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:333
-#, c-format
-msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
-msgstr "�能校验 tag '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:343
+#: builtin/tag.c:132
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -9561,11 +14431,11 @@ msgid ""
 "Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"输入一个 tag 说明：\n"
+"输入一个标签说明：\n"
 "  %s\n"
 "以 '%c' 开头的行将被忽略。\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:347
+#: builtin/tag.c:136
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -9575,362 +14445,781 @@ msgid ""
 "want to.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"输入一个 tag 说明：\n"
+"输入一个标签说明：\n"
 "  %s\n"
 "以 '%c' 开头的行将被�留，如果您愿�也�以删除它们。\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:371
-#, c-format
-msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s'"
-msgstr "�支�的排�规格 '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:373
-#, c-format
-msgid "unsupported sort specification '%s' in variable '%s'"
-msgstr "�支��� '%2$s' 的排�规格 '%1$s'"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:428
+#: builtin/tag.c:190
 msgid "unable to sign the tag"
-msgstr "无法签署 tag"
+msgstr "无法签署标签"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:430
+#: builtin/tag.c:192
 msgid "unable to write tag file"
-msgstr "无法写 tag 文件"
+msgstr "无法写标签文件"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:455
+#: builtin/tag.c:217
 msgid "bad object type."
 msgstr "�的对象类型。"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:468
-msgid "tag header too big."
-msgstr "tag 头信�太大。"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:504
+#: builtin/tag.c:266
 msgid "no tag message?"
-msgstr "无 tag 说明？"
+msgstr "无标签说明？"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:510
+#: builtin/tag.c:273
 #, c-format
 msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
-msgstr "tag 说明被�留在 %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:559
-msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
-msgstr "开关 'points-at' 需�一个对象"
+msgstr "标签说明被�留在 %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:561
-#, c-format
-msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
-msgstr "�法的对象� '%s'"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:589
+#: builtin/tag.c:382
 msgid "list tag names"
-msgstr "列出tag�称"
+msgstr "列出标签�称"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:591
+#: builtin/tag.c:384
 msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
-msgstr "�个 tag 信�打� <n> 行"
+msgstr "�个标签信�打� <n> 行"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:593
+#: builtin/tag.c:386
 msgid "delete tags"
-msgstr "删除 tags"
+msgstr "删除标签"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:594
+#: builtin/tag.c:387
 msgid "verify tags"
-msgstr "验� tags"
+msgstr "验�标签"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:596
+#: builtin/tag.c:389
 msgid "Tag creation options"
-msgstr "Tag 创建选项"
+msgstr "标签创建选项"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:598
+#: builtin/tag.c:391
 msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
-msgstr "注解 tag，需�一个说明"
+msgstr "附注标签，需�一个说明"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:600
+#: builtin/tag.c:393
 msgid "tag message"
-msgstr "tag 说明"
+msgstr "标签说明"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:395
+msgid "force edit of tag message"
+msgstr "强制编辑标签说明"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:602
+#: builtin/tag.c:396
 msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
-msgstr "注解并 GPG 签�的 tag"
+msgstr "附注并附加 GPG 签�的标签"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:606
+#: builtin/tag.c:400
 msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
-msgstr "使用�外的�钥签� tag"
+msgstr "使用�外的�钥签�该标签"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:607
+#: builtin/tag.c:401
 msgid "replace the tag if exists"
-msgstr "如果存在，替�现有的 tag"
+msgstr "如果存在，替�现有的标签"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:608
-msgid "show tag list in columns"
-msgstr "以列的方�显示 tag"
-
-#: builtin/tag.c:610
-msgid "sort tags"
-msgstr "排� tags"
+#: builtin/tag.c:402 builtin/update-ref.c:368
+msgid "create a reflog"
+msgstr "创建引用日志"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:614
+#: builtin/tag.c:404
 msgid "Tag listing options"
-msgstr "Tag 列表选项"
+msgstr "标签列表选项"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:405
+msgid "show tag list in columns"
+msgstr "以列的方�显示标签列表"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:617 builtin/tag.c:623
+#: builtin/tag.c:406 builtin/tag.c:408
 msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
-msgstr "�打�包��交的tags"
+msgstr "�打�包�该�交的标签"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:629
+#: builtin/tag.c:407 builtin/tag.c:409
+msgid "print only tags that don't contain the commit"
+msgstr "�打��包�该�交的标签"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:410
+msgid "print only tags that are merged"
+msgstr "�打�已��并的标签"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:411
+msgid "print only tags that are not merged"
+msgstr "�打�尚未�并的标签"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:416
 msgid "print only tags of the object"
-msgstr "�打�tags对象"
+msgstr "�打�指�该对象的标签"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:655
+#: builtin/tag.c:460
 msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column 和 -n �兼容"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:667
-msgid "--sort and -n are incompatible"
-msgstr "--sort 和 -n �兼容"
+#: builtin/tag.c:482
+msgid "-n option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "-n 选项��许用在列表显示模�"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:484
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "--contains 选项��许用在列表显示模�"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:674
-msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "-n 选项��许和 -l �时使用。"
+#: builtin/tag.c:486
+msgid "--no-contains option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "--no-contains 选项��许用在列表显示模�"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:676
-msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "--contains 选项��许和 -l �时使用。"
+#: builtin/tag.c:488
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "--points-at 选项��许用在列表显示模�"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:678
-msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
-msgstr "--points-at 选项��许和 -l �时使用。"
+#: builtin/tag.c:490
+msgid "--merged and --no-merged options are only allowed in list mode"
+msgstr "--merged 和 --no-merged 选项��许用在列表显示模�"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:686
+#: builtin/tag.c:501
 msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
 msgstr "��许一个 -F 或 -m 选项。"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:706
+#: builtin/tag.c:520
 msgid "too many params"
 msgstr "太多�数"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:712
+#: builtin/tag.c:526
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
-msgstr "'%s' �是一个有效的tag�称。"
+msgstr "'%s' �是一个有效的标签�称。"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:717
+#: builtin/tag.c:531
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
-msgstr "tag '%s' 已存在"
+msgstr "标签 '%s' 已存在"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:741
+#: builtin/tag.c:562
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
-msgstr "已更新tag '%s'（曾为 %s）\n"
+msgstr "已更新标签 '%s'（曾为 %s）\n"
 
-#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:489
+#: builtin/unpack-objects.c:498
 msgid "Unpacking objects"
 msgstr "展开对象中"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:403
-msgid "git update-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git update-index [选项] [--] [<文件>...]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory %s"
+msgstr "无法创建目录 %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s"
+msgstr "对 %s 调用 stat 失败"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:756
+#: builtin/update-index.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create file %s"
+msgstr "无法创建文件 %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete file %s"
+msgstr "无法删除文件 %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:113 builtin/update-index.c:219
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete directory %s"
+msgstr "无法删除目录 %s"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:138
+#, c-format
+msgid "Testing mtime in '%s' "
+msgstr "在 '%s' 中测试 mtime "
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:152
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new file"
+msgstr "添加一个新文件�，目录的状�信�未改�"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:165
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after adding a new directory"
+msgstr "添加一个新目录�，目录的状�信�未改�"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:178
+msgid "directory stat info changes after updating a file"
+msgstr "更新一个文件�，目录的状�信�被修改"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:189
+msgid "directory stat info changes after adding a file inside subdirectory"
+msgstr "在�目录中添加文件�，目录的状�信�被修改"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:200
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a file"
+msgstr "删除一个文件�，目录的状�信�未改�"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:213
+msgid "directory stat info does not change after deleting a directory"
+msgstr "删除一个目录�，目录的状�信�未改�"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:220
+msgid " OK"
+msgstr " OK"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:589
+msgid "git update-index [<options>] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git update-index [<选项>] [--] [<文件>...]"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:946
 msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
 msgstr "当索引需�更新时继续刷新"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:759
+#: builtin/update-index.c:949
 msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
 msgstr "刷新：忽略�模组"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:762
+#: builtin/update-index.c:952
 msgid "do not ignore new files"
 msgstr "�忽略新的文件"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:764
+#: builtin/update-index.c:954
 msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
 msgstr "让文件替�目录（�之亦然）"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:766
+#: builtin/update-index.c:956
 msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
 msgstr "通知文件从工作区丢失"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:768
+#: builtin/update-index.c:958
 msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
 msgstr "�使索引区包�未�并的�目也执行刷新"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:771
+#: builtin/update-index.c:961
 msgid "refresh stat information"
 msgstr "刷新统计信�"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:775
+#: builtin/update-index.c:965
 msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
 msgstr "类似于 --refresh，但是忽略 assume-unchanged 设置"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:779
+#: builtin/update-index.c:969
 msgid "<mode>,<object>,<path>"
 msgstr "<存�模�>,<对象>,<路径>"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:780
+#: builtin/update-index.c:970
 msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
 msgstr "添加指定的�目到索引区"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:784
-msgid "(+/-)x"
-msgstr "(+/-)x"
-
-#: builtin/update-index.c:785
-msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
-msgstr "覆盖列表里文件的�执行�"
-
-#: builtin/update-index.c:789
+#: builtin/update-index.c:979
 msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
 msgstr "把文件标记为 \"没有�更\""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:792
+#: builtin/update-index.c:982
 msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
 msgstr "清除 assumed-unchanged �"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:795
+#: builtin/update-index.c:985
 msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
 msgstr "把文件标记为 \"仅索引\""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:798
+#: builtin/update-index.c:988
 msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
 msgstr "清除 skip-worktree �"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:801
+#: builtin/update-index.c:991
 msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
 msgstr "�添加到索引区；�添加对象到对象库"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:803
+#: builtin/update-index.c:993
 msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
 msgstr "�使存在工作区里，也删除路径"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:805
+#: builtin/update-index.c:995
 msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
 msgstr "�带 --stdin：输入的行以 null 字符终止"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:807
+#: builtin/update-index.c:997
 msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
 msgstr "从标准输入中读�需�更新的路径列表"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:811
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1001
 msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
 msgstr "从标准输入添加�目到索引区"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:815
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1005
 msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
 msgstr "为指定文件�新生�第2和第3暂存区"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:819
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1009
 msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
 msgstr "�更新与 HEAD ��的�目"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:823
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1013
 msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
 msgstr "忽略工作区丢失的文件"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:826
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1016
 msgid "report actions to standard output"
 msgstr "在标准输出显示�作"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:828
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1018
 msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
 msgstr "(for porcelains) 忘记�存的未解决的冲�"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:832
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1022
 msgid "write index in this format"
 msgstr "以这�格�写入索引区"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:834
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1024
 msgid "enable or disable split index"
 msgstr "�用或�用索引拆分"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:9
-msgid "git update-ref [options] -d <refname> [<oldval>]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [选项] -d <引用�> [<旧值>]"
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1026
+msgid "enable/disable untracked cache"
+msgstr "�用/�用对未跟踪文件的缓存"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1028
+msgid "test if the filesystem supports untracked cache"
+msgstr "测试文件系统是�支�未跟踪文件缓存"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1030
+msgid "enable untracked cache without testing the filesystem"
+msgstr "无需检测文件系统，�用对未跟踪文件的缓存"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1032
+msgid "write out the index even if is not flagged as changed"
+msgstr "�使没有被标记为已更改，也�写出索引"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1034
+msgid "enable or disable file system monitor"
+msgstr "�用或�用文件系统监控"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1036
+msgid "mark files as fsmonitor valid"
+msgstr "标记文件为 fsmonitor 有效"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1039
+msgid "clear fsmonitor valid bit"
+msgstr "清除 fsmonitor 有效�"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1138
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"enable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex 被设置为 false。如果您确实��用索引拆分，请删除或修改它。"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1147
+msgid ""
+"core.splitIndex is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want to "
+"disable split index"
+msgstr ""
+"core.splitIndex 被设置为 true。如果您确实��用索引拆分，请删除或修改它。"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1158
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to true; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to disable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache 被设置为 true。如果您确实��用未跟踪文件缓存，请删除或修"
+"改它。"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1162
+msgid "Untracked cache disabled"
+msgstr "缓存未跟踪文件被�用"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1170
+msgid ""
+"core.untrackedCache is set to false; remove or change it, if you really want "
+"to enable the untracked cache"
+msgstr ""
+"core.untrackedCache 被设置为 false。如果您确实��用未跟踪文件缓存，请删除或"
+"修改它。"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1174
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked cache enabled for '%s'"
+msgstr "缓存未跟踪文件在 '%s' �用"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1182
+msgid "core.fsmonitor is unset; set it if you really want to enable fsmonitor"
+msgstr "core.fsmonitor 未设置；如果想��用 fsmonitor 请设置该选项"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1186
+msgid "fsmonitor enabled"
+msgstr "fsmonitor 被�用"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1189
+msgid ""
+"core.fsmonitor is set; remove it if you really want to disable fsmonitor"
+msgstr "core.fsmonitor 已设置；如果想��用 fsmonitor 请移除该选项"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:1193
+msgid "fsmonitor disabled"
+msgstr "fsmonitor 被�用"
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:10
-msgid "git update-ref [options]    <refname> <newval> [<oldval>]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [选项]    <引用�> <新值> [<旧值>]"
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] -d <refname> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<选项>] -d <引用�> [<旧值>]"
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:11
-msgid "git update-ref [options] --stdin [-z]"
-msgstr "git update-ref [选项] --stdin [-z]"
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>]    <refname> <new-val> [<old-val>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<选项>]    <引用�> <新值> [<旧值>]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:12
+msgid "git update-ref [<options>] --stdin [-z]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [<选项>] --stdin [-z]"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:359
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
 msgid "delete the reference"
 msgstr "删除引用"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:361
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:365
 msgid "update <refname> not the one it points to"
 msgstr "更新 <引用�> 本身而�是它指�的引用"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:362
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:366
 msgid "stdin has NUL-terminated arguments"
 msgstr "标准输入有以 NUL 字符终止的�数"
 
-#: builtin/update-ref.c:363
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:367
 msgid "read updates from stdin"
 msgstr "从标准输入读�更新"
 
-#: builtin/update-server-info.c:6
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:7
 msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
 msgstr "git update-server-info [--force]"
 
-#: builtin/update-server-info.c:14
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:15
 msgid "update the info files from scratch"
 msgstr "从头开始更新文件信�"
 
-#: builtin/verify-commit.c:17
-msgid "git verify-commit [-v|--verbose] <commit>..."
-msgstr "git verify-commit [-v|--verbose] <�交>..."
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:11
+msgid "git upload-pack [<options>] <dir>"
+msgstr "git upload-pack [<选项>] <目录>"
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:25
+msgid "exit immediately after initial ref advertisement"
+msgstr "在�始的引用广告�立�退出"
+
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:27
+msgid "do not try <directory>/.git/ if <directory> is no Git directory"
+msgstr "如果 <目录> �是一个 Git 目录，���试 <目录>/.git/"
 
-#: builtin/verify-commit.c:75
+#: builtin/upload-pack.c:29
+msgid "interrupt transfer after <n> seconds of inactivity"
+msgstr "�活动 <n> 秒钟�终止传输"
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:18
+msgid "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git verify-commit [-v | --verbose] <�交>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:73
 msgid "print commit contents"
 msgstr "打��交内容"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:54
-msgid "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>..."
-msgstr "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <包>..."
+#: builtin/verify-commit.c:74 builtin/verify-tag.c:38
+msgid "print raw gpg status output"
+msgstr "打�原始 gpg 状�输出"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:64
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:55
+msgid "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <pack>..."
+msgstr "git verify-pack [-v | --verbose] [-s | --stat-only] <包>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:65
 msgid "verbose"
 msgstr "冗长输出"
 
-#: builtin/verify-pack.c:66
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:67
 msgid "show statistics only"
 msgstr "�显示统计"
 
-#: builtin/verify-tag.c:17
-msgid "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>..."
-msgstr "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <标签>..."
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:19
+msgid "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<format>] <tag>..."
+msgstr "git verify-tag [-v | --verbose] [--format=<格�>] <标签>..."
 
-#: builtin/verify-tag.c:73
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:37
 msgid "print tag contents"
-msgstr "打� tag 内容"
+msgstr "打�标签内容"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:17
+msgid "git worktree add [<options>] <path> [<commit-ish>]"
+msgstr "git worktree add [<选项>] <路径> [<�交>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:18
+msgid "git worktree list [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree list [<选项>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:19
+msgid "git worktree lock [<options>] <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree lock [<选项>] <路径>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:20
+msgid "git worktree move <worktree> <new-path>"
+msgstr "git worktree move <工作区> <新路径>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:21
+msgid "git worktree prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git worktree prune [<选项>]"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:22
+msgid "git worktree remove [<options>] <worktree>"
+msgstr "git worktree remove [<选项>] <工作区>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:23
+msgid "git worktree unlock <path>"
+msgstr "git worktree unlock <路径>"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: not a valid directory"
+msgstr "删除工作区/%s：�是一个有效的目录"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:13
+#: builtin/worktree.c:64
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file does not exist"
+msgstr "删除 worktrees/%s：gitdir 文件�存在"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:69 builtin/worktree.c:78
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: unable to read gitdir file (%s)"
+msgstr "删除 worktrees/%s：无法读� gitdir 文件 (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Removing worktrees/%s: short read (expected %<PRIuMAX> bytes, read "
+"%<PRIuMAX>)"
+msgstr "删除工作树/%s：读�过短（期望 %<PRIuMAX> 字节，读� %<PRIuMAX>）"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:96
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: invalid gitdir file"
+msgstr "删除 worktrees/%s：无效的 gitdir 文件"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing worktrees/%s: gitdir file points to non-existent location"
+msgstr "删除 worktrees/%s：gitdir 文件的指��存在"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:152
+msgid "report pruned working trees"
+msgstr "报告清除的工作区"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:154
+msgid "expire working trees older than <time>"
+msgstr "将早于 <时间> 的工作区过期"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:229
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' already exists"
+msgstr "'%s' 已�存在"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:260
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create directory of '%s'"
+msgstr "�能创建目录 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:373 builtin/worktree.c:379
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (new branch '%s')"
+msgstr "准备工作区（新分支 '%s'）"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:375
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (resetting branch '%s'; was at %s)"
+msgstr "准备工作区（�置分支 '%s'，之�为 %s）"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:384
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (checking out '%s')"
+msgstr "准备工作区（检出 '%s'）"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:390
+#, c-format
+msgid "Preparing worktree (detached HEAD %s)"
+msgstr "准备工作区（分离头指针 %s）"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:431
+msgid "checkout <branch> even if already checked out in other worktree"
+msgstr "检出 <分支>，�使已�被检出到其它工作区"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:434
+msgid "create a new branch"
+msgstr "创建一个新分支"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:436
+msgid "create or reset a branch"
+msgstr "创建或�置一个分支"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:438
+msgid "populate the new working tree"
+msgstr "生�新的工作区"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:439
+msgid "keep the new working tree locked"
+msgstr "�定新工作区"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:441
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-branch(1))"
+msgstr "设置跟踪模�（�� git-branch(1)）"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:444
+msgid "try to match the new branch name with a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "�试为新分支�匹�一个远程跟踪分支"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:452
+msgid "-b, -B, and --detach are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-b�-B 和 --detach 是互斥的"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:511
+msgid "--[no-]track can only be used if a new branch is created"
+msgstr "�能在创建新分支时使用选项 --[no-]track "
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:611
+msgid "reason for locking"
+msgstr "�定原因"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:623 builtin/worktree.c:656 builtin/worktree.c:710
+#: builtin/worktree.c:850
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a working tree"
+msgstr "'%s' �是一个工作区"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:625 builtin/worktree.c:658
+msgid "The main working tree cannot be locked or unlocked"
+msgstr "主工作区无法被加�或解�"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:630
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked, reason: %s"
+msgstr "'%s' 已被�定，原因：%s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is already locked"
+msgstr "'%s' 已被�定"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:660
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not locked"
+msgstr "'%s' 未被�定"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:685
+msgid "working trees containing submodules cannot be moved or removed"
+msgstr "�能移动或删除包��模组的工作区"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:712 builtin/worktree.c:852
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is a main working tree"
+msgstr "'%s' 是一个主工作区"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not figure out destination name from '%s'"
+msgstr "无法从 '%s' 算出目标�称"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "target '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "目标 '%s' 已存在"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr "无法移动一个�定的工作区，�定原因：%s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:732
+msgid "cannot move a locked working tree"
+msgstr "无法移动一个�定的工作区"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:735
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot move working tree: %s"
+msgstr "验�失败，无法移动工作区：%s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:740
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to move '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "无法移动 '%s' 到 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:788
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s'"
+msgstr "无法在 '%s' 中执行 'git status'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:792
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is dirty, use --force to delete it"
+msgstr "'%s' 是�的，使用 --force 删除"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:797
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run 'git status' on '%s', code %d"
+msgstr "无法在 '%s' 中执行 'git status'，退出� %d"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:808 builtin/worktree.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to delete '%s'"
+msgstr "无法删除 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:834
+msgid "force removing even if the worktree is dirty"
+msgstr "强制删除，�使工作区是�的"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:856
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree, lock reason: %s"
+msgstr "无法删除一个�定的工作区，�定原因：%s"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:858
+msgid "cannot remove a locked working tree"
+msgstr "无法删除一个�定的工作区"
+
+#: builtin/worktree.c:861
+#, c-format
+msgid "validation failed, cannot remove working tree: %s"
+msgstr "验�失败，无法删除工作区：%s"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:14
 msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
 msgstr "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<�缀>/]"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:26
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
 msgid "<prefix>/"
 msgstr "<�缀>/"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:28
 msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
 msgstr "将 <�缀> �目录内容写到一个树对象"
 
-#: builtin/write-tree.c:30
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:31
 msgid "only useful for debugging"
 msgstr "�对调试有用"
 
-#: credential-cache--daemon.c:267
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The permissions on your socket directory are too loose; other\n"
+"users may be able to read your cached credentials. Consider running:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
+msgstr ""
+"您的 socket 目录��过于宽�，其他用户�能会读�您缓存的认�信�。考虑执"
+"行：\n"
+"\n"
+"\tchmod 0700 %s"
+
+#: credential-cache--daemon.c:271
 msgid "print debugging messages to stderr"
 msgstr "调试信�输出到标准错误"
 
-#: git.c:14
+#: git.c:27
+msgid ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--"
+"bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]\n"
+"           <command> [<args>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git [--version] [--help] [-C <路径>] [-c <�称>=<�值>]\n"
+"           [--exec-path[=<路径>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
+"           [-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--"
+"bare]\n"
+"           [--git-dir=<路径>] [--work-tree=<路径>] [--namespace=<�称>]\n"
+"           <命令> [<�数>]"
+
+#: git.c:34
 msgid ""
 "'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some\n"
 "concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
@@ -9940,286 +15229,742 @@ msgstr ""
 "查看 'git help <命令>' 或 'git help <概念>' 以获�给定�命令或概念的\n"
 "帮助。"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:8
+#: git.c:173
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --git-dir\n"
+msgstr "没有为 --git-dir �供目录\n"
+
+#: git.c:187
+#, c-format
+msgid "no namespace given for --namespace\n"
+msgstr "没有为 --namespace �供命�空间\n"
+
+#: git.c:201
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for --work-tree\n"
+msgstr "没有为 --work-tree �供目录\n"
+
+#: git.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "no prefix given for --super-prefix\n"
+msgstr "没有为 --super-prefix �供�缀\n"
+
+#: git.c:237
+#, c-format
+msgid "-c expects a configuration string\n"
+msgstr "应为 -c �供一个�置字符串\n"
+
+#: git.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "no directory given for -C\n"
+msgstr "没有为 -C �供目录\n"
+
+#: git.c:300
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown option: %s\n"
+msgstr "未知选项：%s\n"
+
+#: git.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid "expansion of alias '%s' failed; '%s' is not a git command\n"
+msgstr "展开别�命令 '%s' 失败，'%s' �是一个 git 命令\n"
+
+#: git.c:777
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to run command '%s': %s\n"
+msgstr "无法�行命令 '%s'：%s\n"
+
+#: http.c:348
+#, c-format
+msgid "negative value for http.postbuffer; defaulting to %d"
+msgstr "http.postbuffer 为负值，默认为 %d"
+
+#: http.c:369
+msgid "Delegation control is not supported with cURL < 7.22.0"
+msgstr "当 cURL < 7.22.0 时，�支�委托控制"
+
+#: http.c:378
+msgid "Public key pinning not supported with cURL < 7.44.0"
+msgstr "�支�公钥文件�定，因为 cURL < 7.44.0"
+
+#: http.c:1854
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"unable to update url base from redirection:\n"
+"  asked for: %s\n"
+"   redirect: %s"
+msgstr ""
+"�能更新�定�的 url base：\n"
+"     请求：%s\n"
+"   �定�：%s"
+
+#: remote-curl.c:401
+#, c-format
+msgid "redirecting to %s"
+msgstr "�定�到 %s"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:59
+msgid "args"
+msgstr "�数"
+
+#: list-objects-filter-options.h:60
+msgid "object filtering"
+msgstr "对象过滤"
+
+#: parse-options.h:157
+msgid "expiry-date"
+msgstr "到期时间"
+
+#: parse-options.h:172
+msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
+msgstr "空�作（��兼容）"
+
+#: parse-options.h:251
+msgid "be more verbose"
+msgstr "更加详细"
+
+#: parse-options.h:253
+msgid "be more quiet"
+msgstr "更加安�"
+
+#: parse-options.h:259
+msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
+msgstr "用 <n> �数字显示 SHA-1 哈希值"
+
+#: command-list.h:50
 msgid "Add file contents to the index"
 msgstr "添加文件内容至索引"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:9
-msgid "Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug"
-msgstr "通过二分查找定�引入 bug 的�更"
+#: command-list.h:51
+msgid "Apply a series of patches from a mailbox"
+msgstr "应用邮箱格�的系列补�"
+
+#: command-list.h:52
+msgid "Annotate file lines with commit information"
+msgstr "使用�交信�注释文件行"
+
+#: command-list.h:53
+msgid "Apply a patch to files and/or to the index"
+msgstr "应用一个补�到文件和/或索引区"
+
+#: command-list.h:54
+msgid "Import an Arch repository into Git"
+msgstr "将一个 Arch 仓库导入到 Git"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:10
+#: command-list.h:55
+msgid "Create an archive of files from a named tree"
+msgstr "基于一个指定的树创建文件存档"
+
+#: command-list.h:56
+msgid "Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug"
+msgstr "通过二分查找定�引入 bug 的�交"
+
+#: command-list.h:57
+msgid "Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file"
+msgstr "显示文件�一行最�修改的版本和修改者"
+
+#: command-list.h:58
 msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
 msgstr "列出�创建或删除分支"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:11
-msgid "Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree"
-msgstr "检出一个分支或路径到工作区"
+#: command-list.h:59
+msgid "Move objects and refs by archive"
+msgstr "通过归档移动对象和引用"
+
+#: command-list.h:60
+msgid "Provide content or type and size information for repository objects"
+msgstr "�供仓库对象的内容�类型或大�"
+
+#: command-list.h:61
+msgid "Display gitattributes information"
+msgstr "显示 gitattributes 信�"
+
+#: command-list.h:62
+msgid "Debug gitignore / exclude files"
+msgstr "调试 gitignore / exclude 文件"
+
+#: command-list.h:63
+msgid "Show canonical names and email addresses of contacts"
+msgstr "显示�系人的规范�称和电�邮件"
+
+#: command-list.h:64
+msgid "Switch branches or restore working tree files"
+msgstr "切�分支或��工作区文件"
+
+#: command-list.h:65
+msgid "Copy files from the index to the working tree"
+msgstr "从索引拷�文件到工作区"
+
+#: command-list.h:66
+msgid "Ensures that a reference name is well formed"
+msgstr "确�引用�称格�正确"
+
+#: command-list.h:67
+msgid "Find commits yet to be applied to upstream"
+msgstr "查找尚未应用到上游的�交"
+
+#: command-list.h:68
+msgid "Apply the changes introduced by some existing commits"
+msgstr "应用一些现存�交引入的修改"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:12
+#: command-list.h:69
+msgid "Graphical alternative to git-commit"
+msgstr "git-commit 的图形替代界�"
+
+#: command-list.h:70
+msgid "Remove untracked files from the working tree"
+msgstr "从工作区中删除未跟踪文件"
+
+#: command-list.h:71
 msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
-msgstr "克隆一个版本库到一个新目录"
+msgstr "克隆一个仓库到一个新目录"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:13
+#: command-list.h:72
+msgid "Display data in columns"
+msgstr "以列的方�显示数�"
+
+#: command-list.h:73
 msgid "Record changes to the repository"
-msgstr "记录�更到版本库"
+msgstr "记录�更到仓库"
+
+#: command-list.h:74
+msgid "Write and verify Git commit graph files"
+msgstr "写入和校验 Git �交图形文件"
+
+#: command-list.h:75
+msgid "Create a new commit object"
+msgstr "创建一个新的�交对象"
+
+#: command-list.h:76
+msgid "Get and set repository or global options"
+msgstr "获�和设置仓库或者全局选项"
+
+#: command-list.h:77
+msgid "Count unpacked number of objects and their disk consumption"
+msgstr "计算未打包对象的数�和�盘空间�用"
+
+#: command-list.h:78
+msgid "Retrieve and store user credentials"
+msgstr "检索和存储用户密�"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:14
+#: command-list.h:79
+msgid "Helper to temporarily store passwords in memory"
+msgstr "在内存中临时存储密�的助手"
+
+#: command-list.h:80
+msgid "Helper to store credentials on disk"
+msgstr "在�盘存储密�的助手"
+
+#: command-list.h:81
+msgid "Export a single commit to a CVS checkout"
+msgstr "将一个�交导出到 CVS 检出中"
+
+#: command-list.h:82
+msgid "Salvage your data out of another SCM people love to hate"
+msgstr "从�外一个人们爱�的�置管�系统中拯救你的数�"
+
+#: command-list.h:83
+msgid "A CVS server emulator for Git"
+msgstr "Git 的一个 CVS �务模拟器"
+
+#: command-list.h:84
+msgid "A really simple server for Git repositories"
+msgstr "一个�常简�的 Git 仓库�务器"
+
+#: command-list.h:85
+msgid "Give an object a human readable name based on an available ref"
+msgstr "基于一个现存的引用为一个对象起一个�读的�称"
+
+#: command-list.h:86
 msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
 msgstr "显示�交之间��交和工作区之间等的差异"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:15
+#: command-list.h:87
+msgid "Compares files in the working tree and the index"
+msgstr "比较工作区和索引区中的文件"
+
+#: command-list.h:88
+msgid "Compare a tree to the working tree or index"
+msgstr "将一个树和工作区或索引�比较"
+
+#: command-list.h:89
+msgid "Compares the content and mode of blobs found via two tree objects"
+msgstr "比较两个树对象的文件内容和模�"
+
+#: command-list.h:90
+msgid "Show changes using common diff tools"
+msgstr "使用常�的差异工具显示更改"
+
+#: command-list.h:91
+msgid "Git data exporter"
+msgstr "Git 数�导出器"
+
+#: command-list.h:92
+msgid "Backend for fast Git data importers"
+msgstr "Git 快速数�导入器�端"
+
+#: command-list.h:93
 msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
-msgstr "从�外一个版本库下载对象和引用"
+msgstr "从�外一个仓库下载对象和引用"
+
+#: command-list.h:94
+msgid "Receive missing objects from another repository"
+msgstr "从�一个仓库获�缺失的对象"
+
+#: command-list.h:95
+msgid "Rewrite branches"
+msgstr "�写分支"
+
+#: command-list.h:96
+msgid "Produce a merge commit message"
+msgstr "生�一个�并�交信�"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:16
+#: command-list.h:97
+msgid "Output information on each ref"
+msgstr "对�一个引用输出信� "
+
+#: command-list.h:98
+msgid "Prepare patches for e-mail submission"
+msgstr "准备电�邮件�交的补�"
+
+#: command-list.h:99
+msgid "Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database"
+msgstr "验�仓库中对象的连通性和有效性"
+
+#: command-list.h:100
+msgid "Cleanup unnecessary files and optimize the local repository"
+msgstr "清除�必�的文件和优化本地仓库"
+
+#: command-list.h:101
+msgid "Extract commit ID from an archive created using git-archive"
+msgstr "从 git-archive 创建的归档文件中���交ID"
+
+#: command-list.h:102
 msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
 msgstr "输出和模�匹�的行"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:17
+#: command-list.h:103
+msgid "A portable graphical interface to Git"
+msgstr "一个便�的 Git 图形客户端"
+
+#: command-list.h:104
+msgid "Compute object ID and optionally creates a blob from a file"
+msgstr "从一个文件计算对象ID，并�以创建 blob 数�对象"
+
+#: command-list.h:105
+msgid "Display help information about Git"
+msgstr "显示 Git 的帮助信�"
+
+#: command-list.h:106
+msgid "Server side implementation of Git over HTTP"
+msgstr "Git HTTP �议的�务端实现"
+
+#: command-list.h:107
+msgid "Download from a remote Git repository via HTTP"
+msgstr "通过 HTTP 从远程 Git 仓库下载"
+
+#: command-list.h:108
+msgid "Push objects over HTTP/DAV to another repository"
+msgstr "通过 HTTP/DAV 推�对象�一个仓库"
+
+#: command-list.h:109
+msgid "Send a collection of patches from stdin to an IMAP folder"
+msgstr "从标准输入将一组补���到IMAP文件夹"
+
+#: command-list.h:110
+msgid "Build pack index file for an existing packed archive"
+msgstr "从一个现存的包存档文件创建包索引"
+
+#: command-list.h:111
 msgid "Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
-msgstr "创建一个空的 Git 版本库或�新�始化一个已存在的版本库"
+msgstr "创建一个空的 Git 仓库或�新�始化一个已存在的仓库"
+
+#: command-list.h:112
+msgid "Instantly browse your working repository in gitweb"
+msgstr "在 gitweb 中�时�览您的工作仓库"
+
+#: command-list.h:113
+msgid "add or parse structured information in commit messages"
+msgstr "添加或解��交说明中的结构化信�"
+
+#: command-list.h:114
+msgid "The Git repository browser"
+msgstr "Git 仓库�览器"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:18
+#: command-list.h:115
 msgid "Show commit logs"
 msgstr "显示�交日志"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:19
+#: command-list.h:116
+msgid "Show information about files in the index and the working tree"
+msgstr "显示索引和工作区中文件的信�"
+
+#: command-list.h:117
+msgid "List references in a remote repository"
+msgstr "显示一个远程仓库的引用"
+
+#: command-list.h:118
+msgid "List the contents of a tree object"
+msgstr "显示一个树对象的内容"
+
+#: command-list.h:119
+msgid "Extracts patch and authorship from a single e-mail message"
+msgstr "从�个电�邮件中��补�和作者身份"
+
+#: command-list.h:120
+msgid "Simple UNIX mbox splitter program"
+msgstr "简�的 UNIX mbox 邮箱切分程�"
+
+#: command-list.h:121
 msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
 msgstr "�并两个或更多开�历�"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:20
+#: command-list.h:122
+msgid "Find as good common ancestors as possible for a merge"
+msgstr "为了�并查找尽�能好的公共祖先�交"
+
+#: command-list.h:123
+msgid "Run a three-way file merge"
+msgstr "�行一个三路文件�并"
+
+#: command-list.h:124
+msgid "Run a merge for files needing merging"
+msgstr "对于需��并的文件执行�并"
+
+#: command-list.h:125
+msgid "The standard helper program to use with git-merge-index"
+msgstr "与 git-merge-index 一起使用的标准�导程�"
+
+#: command-list.h:126
+msgid "Run merge conflict resolution tools to resolve merge conflicts"
+msgstr "�行�并冲�解决工具以解决�并冲�"
+
+#: command-list.h:127
+msgid "Show three-way merge without touching index"
+msgstr "显示三路�并而�动索引"
+
+#: command-list.h:128
+msgid "Creates a tag object"
+msgstr "创建一个标签对象"
+
+#: command-list.h:129
+msgid "Build a tree-object from ls-tree formatted text"
+msgstr "基于 ls-tree 的格�化文本创建一个树对象"
+
+#: command-list.h:130
 msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
 msgstr "移动或�命�一个文件�目录或符�链接"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:21
+# 查找给定版本的符��称
+#: command-list.h:131
+msgid "Find symbolic names for given revs"
+msgstr "查找给定版本的符��称"
+
+#: command-list.h:132
+msgid "Add or inspect object notes"
+msgstr "添加或检查对象注释"
+
+#: command-list.h:133
+msgid "Import from and submit to Perforce repositories"
+msgstr "导入和�交到 Perforce 仓库中"
+
+#: command-list.h:134
+msgid "Create a packed archive of objects"
+msgstr "创建对象的存档包"
+
+#: command-list.h:135
+msgid "Find redundant pack files"
+msgstr "查找冗余的包文件"
+
+#: command-list.h:136
+msgid "Pack heads and tags for efficient repository access"
+msgstr "打包头和标签以实现高效的仓库访问"
+
+#: command-list.h:137
+msgid "Routines to help parsing remote repository access parameters"
+msgstr "帮助解�远程仓库访问�数的例程"
+
+#: command-list.h:138
+msgid "Compute unique ID for a patch"
+msgstr "计算一个补�的唯一ID"
+
+#: command-list.h:139
+msgid "Prune all unreachable objects from the object database"
+msgstr "删除对象库中所有��达对象"
+
+#: command-list.h:140
+msgid "Remove extra objects that are already in pack files"
+msgstr "删除已�在包文件中的多余对象"
+
+#: command-list.h:141
 msgid "Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch"
-msgstr "获�并整��外的版本库或一个本地分支"
+msgstr "获�并整��外的仓库或一个本地分支"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:22
+#: command-list.h:142
 msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
 msgstr "更新远程引用和相关的对象"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:23
-msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
-msgstr "本地�交转移至更新�的上游分支中"
+#: command-list.h:143
+msgid "Applies a quilt patchset onto the current branch"
+msgstr "将一个 quilt 补�集应用到当�分支。"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:24
+#: command-list.h:144
+msgid "Reads tree information into the index"
+msgstr "将树信�读�到索引"
+
+#: command-list.h:145
+msgid "Reapply commits on top of another base tip"
+msgstr "在�一个分支上�新应用�交"
+
+#: command-list.h:146
+msgid "Receive what is pushed into the repository"
+msgstr "接收推�到仓库中的对象"
+
+#: command-list.h:147
+msgid "Manage reflog information"
+msgstr "管� reflog 信�"
+
+#: command-list.h:148
+msgid "Manage set of tracked repositories"
+msgstr "管�已跟踪仓库"
+
+#: command-list.h:149
+msgid "Pack unpacked objects in a repository"
+msgstr "打包仓库中未打包对象"
+
+#: command-list.h:150
+msgid "Create, list, delete refs to replace objects"
+msgstr "创建�列出�删除对象替�引用"
+
+#: command-list.h:151
+msgid "Generates a summary of pending changes"
+msgstr "生�待定更改的摘�"
+
+#: command-list.h:152
+msgid "Reuse recorded resolution of conflicted merges"
+msgstr "�用冲��并的解决方案记录"
+
+#: command-list.h:153
 msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
-msgstr "�置当�HEAD到指定状�"
+msgstr "�置当� HEAD 到指定状�"
+
+#: command-list.h:154
+msgid "Revert some existing commits"
+msgstr "回退一些现存�交"
+
+#: command-list.h:155
+msgid "Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order"
+msgstr "按时间顺�列出�交对象"
+
+#: command-list.h:156
+msgid "Pick out and massage parameters"
+msgstr "选出并处��数"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:25
+#: command-list.h:157
 msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
 msgstr "从工作区和索引中删除文件"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:26
+#: command-list.h:158
+msgid "Send a collection of patches as emails"
+msgstr "通过电�邮件��一组补�"
+
+#: command-list.h:159
+msgid "Push objects over Git protocol to another repository"
+msgstr "使用 Git �议推�对象到�一个仓库"
+
+#: command-list.h:160
+msgid "Restricted login shell for Git-only SSH access"
+msgstr "��许 Git SSH 访问的��登录shell"
+
+#: command-list.h:161
+msgid "Summarize 'git log' output"
+msgstr "'git log' 输出摘�"
+
+#: command-list.h:162
 msgid "Show various types of objects"
 msgstr "显示��类型的对象"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:27
+#: command-list.h:163
+msgid "Show branches and their commits"
+msgstr "显示分支和�交"
+
+#: command-list.h:164
+msgid "Show packed archive index"
+msgstr "显示打包归档索引"
+
+#: command-list.h:165
+msgid "List references in a local repository"
+msgstr "显示本地仓库中的引用"
+
+#: command-list.h:166
+msgid "Git's i18n setup code for shell scripts"
+msgstr "为 shell 脚本准备的 Git 国际化设置代�"
+
+#: command-list.h:167
+msgid "Common Git shell script setup code"
+msgstr "常用的 Git shell 脚本设置代�"
+
+#: command-list.h:168
+msgid "Stash the changes in a dirty working directory away"
+msgstr "贮��工作区中的修改"
+
+#: command-list.h:169
+msgid "Add file contents to the staging area"
+msgstr "将文件内容添加到索引"
+
+#: command-list.h:170
 msgid "Show the working tree status"
 msgstr "显示工作区状�"
 
-#: common-cmds.h:28
-msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
-msgstr "创建�列出�删除或校验一个GPG签�的 tag 对象"
+#: command-list.h:171
+msgid "Remove unnecessary whitespace"
+msgstr "删除�必�的空白字符"
 
-#: parse-options.h:143
-msgid "expiry-date"
-msgstr "到期时间"
+#: command-list.h:172
+msgid "Initialize, update or inspect submodules"
+msgstr "�始化�更新或检查�模组"
 
-#: parse-options.h:158
-msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
-msgstr "空�作（��兼容）"
+#: command-list.h:173
+msgid "Bidirectional operation between a Subversion repository and Git"
+msgstr "Subersion 仓库和 Git 之间的���作"
 
-#: parse-options.h:232
-msgid "be more verbose"
-msgstr "更加详细"
+#: command-list.h:174
+msgid "Read, modify and delete symbolic refs"
+msgstr "读��修改和删除符�引用"
 
-#: parse-options.h:234
-msgid "be more quiet"
-msgstr "更加安�"
+#: command-list.h:175
+msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
+msgstr "创建�列出�删除或校验一个 GPG 签�的标签对象"
 
-#: parse-options.h:240
-msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
-msgstr "用 <n> �数字显示 SHA-1 哈希值"
+#: command-list.h:176
+msgid "Creates a temporary file with a blob's contents"
+msgstr "用 blob 数�对象的内容创建一个临时文件"
 
-#: rerere.h:27
-msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
-msgstr "如果�能，�用冲�解决更新索引"
+#: command-list.h:177
+msgid "Unpack objects from a packed archive"
+msgstr "从打包文件中解压缩对象"
 
-#: git-am.sh:53
-msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
-msgstr "您需�先设置你的�交者信�"
+#: command-list.h:178
+msgid "Register file contents in the working tree to the index"
+msgstr "将工作区的文件内容注册到索引"
 
-#: git-am.sh:98
-msgid ""
-"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
-"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
-msgstr "您好�在上一次 'am' 失败�移动了 HEAD。未回退至 ORIG_HEAD"
+#: command-list.h:179
+msgid "Update the object name stored in a ref safely"
+msgstr "安全地更新存储于引用中的对象�称"
 
-#: git-am.sh:108
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"When you have resolved this problem, run \"$cmdline --continue\".\n"
-"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"$cmdline --skip\" instead.\n"
-"To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
-msgstr ""
-"当您解决了此问题�，执行 \"$cmdline --continue\"。\n"
-"如果您想跳过此补�，则执行 \"$cmdline --skip\"。\n"
-"���原分支并�止打补�，执行 \"$cmdline --abort\"。"
+#: command-list.h:180
+msgid "Update auxiliary info file to help dumb servers"
+msgstr "更新辅助信�文件以帮助哑�议�务"
 
-#: git-am.sh:124
-msgid "Cannot fall back to three-way merge."
-msgstr "无法求助于三路�并。"
+#: command-list.h:181
+msgid "Send archive back to git-archive"
+msgstr "将存档��回 git-archive"
 
-#: git-am.sh:140
-msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
-msgstr "版本库缺�必�的数�（blob）对象以进行三路�并。"
+#: command-list.h:182
+msgid "Send objects packed back to git-fetch-pack"
+msgstr "将对象压缩包��回 git-fetch-pack"
 
-#: git-am.sh:142
-msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
-msgstr "使用索引��建一个（三路�并的）基础目录树..."
+#: command-list.h:183
+msgid "Show a Git logical variable"
+msgstr "显示一个Git逻辑��"
 
-#: git-am.sh:157
-msgid ""
-"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
-"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
-msgstr ""
-"您是�曾手动编辑过您的补�？\n"
-"无法应用补�到索引中的数�（blob）对象上。"
+#: command-list.h:184
+msgid "Check the GPG signature of commits"
+msgstr "检查 GPG �交签�"
 
-#: git-am.sh:166
-msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
-msgstr "转而在基础版本上打补��进行三路�并..."
+#: command-list.h:185
+msgid "Validate packed Git archive files"
+msgstr "校验打包的Git存仓文件"
 
-#: git-am.sh:182
-msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
-msgstr "无法�并�更。"
+#: command-list.h:186
+msgid "Check the GPG signature of tags"
+msgstr "检查标签的 GPG 签�"
 
-#: git-am.sh:277
-msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
-msgstr "一次�能有一个 StGIT 补�队列被应用"
+#: command-list.h:187
+msgid "Git web interface (web frontend to Git repositories)"
+msgstr "Git web 界�（Git 仓库的 web �端）"
 
-#: git-am.sh:364
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
-msgstr "�支� $patch_format 补�格�。"
+#: command-list.h:188
+msgid "Show logs with difference each commit introduces"
+msgstr "显示�一个�交引入的差异日志"
 
-#: git-am.sh:366
-msgid "Patch format detection failed."
-msgstr "补�格�检测失败。"
+#: command-list.h:189
+msgid "Manage multiple working trees"
+msgstr "管�多个工作区"
 
-#: git-am.sh:398
-msgid ""
-"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
-"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
-msgstr ""
-"�数 -b/--binary 已�很长时间��任何实质�作了，并且将被删除。\n"
-"请���使用它了。"
+#: command-list.h:190
+msgid "Create a tree object from the current index"
+msgstr "从当�索引创建一个树对象"
 
-#: git-am.sh:496
-#, sh-format
-msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
-msgstr "之�的�基目录 $dotest �然存在，但��供了 mbox。"
+#: command-list.h:191
+msgid "Defining attributes per path"
+msgstr "定义路径的属性"
 
-#: git-am.sh:501
-msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
-msgstr "请下决心。--skip 或是 --abort ？"
+#: command-list.h:192
+msgid "Git command-line interface and conventions"
+msgstr "Git 命令行界�和约定"
 
-#: git-am.sh:537
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Stray $dotest directory found.\n"
-"Use \"git am --abort\" to remove it."
-msgstr ""
-"�现了错误的 $dotest 目录。\n"
-"使用 \"git am --abort\" 删除它。"
+#: command-list.h:193
+msgid "A Git core tutorial for developers"
+msgstr "��开�人员的 Git 核心教程"
 
-#: git-am.sh:545
-msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
-msgstr "解决�作未进行，我们�会继续。"
+#: command-list.h:194
+msgid "Git for CVS users"
+msgstr "适� CVS 用户的 Git 帮助"
 
-#: git-am.sh:612
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
-msgstr "�的索引：�能应用补�（�文件：$files）"
+#: command-list.h:195
+msgid "Tweaking diff output"
+msgstr "调整差异输出"
 
-#: git-am.sh:722
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?\n"
-"If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
-"To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
-msgstr ""
-"补�为空。是�是切分错误？\n"
-"如果您想�跳过这个补�，执行 \"$cmdline --skip\"。\n"
-"���原分支并�止打补�，执行 \"$cmdline --abort\"。"
+#: command-list.h:196
+msgid "A useful minimum set of commands for Everyday Git"
+msgstr "�一天 Git 的一组有用的最�命令集�"
 
-#: git-am.sh:749
-msgid "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
-msgstr "补�中没有一个有效的邮件地�。"
+#: command-list.h:197
+msgid "A Git Glossary"
+msgstr "Git �汇表"
 
-#: git-am.sh:796
-msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
-msgstr "标准输入没有和终端关�，�能进行交互��作。"
+#: command-list.h:198
+msgid "Hooks used by Git"
+msgstr "Git 使用的钩�"
 
-#: git-am.sh:800
-msgid "Commit Body is:"
-msgstr "�交内容为："
+#: command-list.h:199
+msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
+msgstr "忽略指定的未跟踪文件"
 
-#  译者：注����尾空格
-#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
-#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
-#. input at this point.
-#: git-am.sh:807
-msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
-msgstr "应用？[y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
+#: command-list.h:200
+msgid "Defining submodule properties"
+msgstr "定义�模组属性"
 
-#: git-am.sh:843
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
-msgstr "正应用：$FIRSTLINE"
+#: command-list.h:201
+msgid "Git namespaces"
+msgstr "Git �字空间"
 
-#: git-am.sh:864
-msgid ""
-"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
-"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
-"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
-msgstr ""
-"没有�更 —— 您是�是忘了执行 'git add'？\n"
-"如果没有什么�添加到暂存区的，则很�能是其它�交已�引入了相�的�更。\n"
-"您也许想�跳过这个补�。"
+#: command-list.h:202
+msgid "Git Repository Layout"
+msgstr "Git 仓库布局"
 
-#: git-am.sh:872
-msgid ""
-"You still have unmerged paths in your index\n"
-"did you forget to use 'git add'?"
-msgstr "您的索引中�有未�并的路径。您是�忘了执行 'git add'？"
+#: command-list.h:203
+msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
+msgstr "指定 Git 的版本和版本范围"
 
-#: git-am.sh:888
-msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
-msgstr "没有�更 —— 补�已�应用过。"
+#: command-list.h:204
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git: part two"
+msgstr "一个 Git 教程：第二部分"
 
-#: git-am.sh:898
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
-msgstr "补�失败于 $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+#: command-list.h:205
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git"
+msgstr "一个 Git 教程"
 
-#: git-am.sh:901
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"The copy of the patch that failed is found in:\n"
-"   $dotest/patch"
-msgstr ""
-"失败的补�文件副本�于：\n"
-"   $dotest/patch"
+#: command-list.h:206
+msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
+msgstr "Git 推�的工作�概览"
 
-#: git-am.sh:919
-msgid "applying to an empty history"
-msgstr "正应用到一个空历�上"
+#: rerere.h:40
+msgid "update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"
+msgstr "如果�能，�用冲�解决更新索引"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:48
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
 msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
 msgstr "您需�执行 \"git bisect start\" �开始"
 
@@ -10227,101 +15972,106 @@ msgstr "您需�执行 \"git bisect start\" �开始"
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:54
+#: git-bisect.sh:60
 msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
 msgstr "您想让我为您这样�么[Y/n]？ "
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#: git-bisect.sh:121
 #, sh-format
 msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
 msgstr "未能识别的选项：'$arg'"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#: git-bisect.sh:125
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
 msgstr "'$arg' 看起���是一个有效的版本"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:117
+#: git-bisect.sh:154
 msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
 msgstr "�的 HEAD - 我需�一个 HEAD"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#: git-bisect.sh:167
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <valid-branch>'."
 msgstr "检出 '$start_head' 失败。�试 'git bisect reset <有效分支>'。"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:140
+#: git-bisect.sh:177
 msgid "won't bisect on cg-seek'ed tree"
 msgstr "�会在�了 cg-seek 的树上�二分查找"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:144
+#: git-bisect.sh:181
 msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
 msgstr "�的 HEAD - 奇怪的符�引用"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#: git-bisect.sh:233
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
 msgstr "�的 bisect_write �数：$state"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#: git-bisect.sh:246
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
-msgstr "输入�的版本：$arg"
+msgstr "�的输入版本：$arg"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:232
-msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
-msgstr "请在调用 'bisect_state' 时跟至少一个�数。"
+#: git-bisect.sh:265
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $bisected_head"
+msgstr "�的输入版本：$bisected_head"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#: git-bisect.sh:274
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
-msgstr "输入�的版本：$rev"
+msgstr "�的输入版本：$rev"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:253
-msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
-msgstr "'git bisect bad' �能带一个�数。"
+#: git-bisect.sh:283
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' can take only one argument."
+msgstr "'git bisect $TERM_BAD' �能带一个�数。"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:276
-msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a bad commit."
-msgstr "警告：在仅有一个��交下进行二分查找。"
+#: git-bisect.sh:306
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a $TERM_BAD commit."
+msgstr "警告：在仅有一个�（$TERM_BAD）�交下进行二分查找。"
 
 #  译者：注����尾空格
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
-#: git-bisect.sh:282
+#: git-bisect.sh:312
 msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
 msgstr "您确认么[Y/n]？ "
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:292
+#: git-bisect.sh:324
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"You need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.\n"
-"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+"You need to give me at least one $bad_syn and one $good_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
 "您需�给我至少一个好版本和一个�版本。\n"
-"（为此您�以用 \"git bisect bad\" 和 \"git bisect good\" 命令。）"
+"（为此您�以用 \"git bisect $bad_syn\" 和 \"git bisect $good_syn\" 命令。）"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:295
+#: git-bisect.sh:327
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
-"You then need to give me at least one good and one bad revision.\n"
-"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+"You then need to give me at least one $good_syn and one $bad_syn revision.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect $bad_syn\" and \"git bisect $good_syn\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
 "您需�执行 \"git bisect start\" �开始。\n"
 "然�需��供我至少一个好版本和一个�版本。\n"
-"（为此您�以用 \"git bisect bad\" 和 \"git bisect good\" 命令。）"
+"（为此您�以用 \"git bisect $bad_syn\" 和 \"git bisect $good_syn\" 命令。）"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:366 git-bisect.sh:493
+#: git-bisect.sh:398 git-bisect.sh:512
 msgid "We are not bisecting."
 msgstr "我们没有在二分查找。"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:373
+#: git-bisect.sh:405
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
 msgstr "'$invalid' �是一个有效的�交"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:382
+#: git-bisect.sh:414
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
@@ -10330,25 +16080,29 @@ msgstr ""
 "�能检出原始 HEAD '$branch'。\n"
 "�试 'git bisect reset <�交>'。"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:409
+#: git-bisect.sh:422
 msgid "No logfile given"
 msgstr "未�供日志文件"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:410
+#: git-bisect.sh:423
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
 msgstr "�能读� $file ��放"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#: git-bisect.sh:444
 msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
 msgstr "?? 您在说什么?"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:439
+#: git-bisect.sh:453
+msgid "bisect run failed: no command provided."
+msgstr "二分查找�行失败：没有�供命令。"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:458
 #, sh-format
 msgid "running $command"
 msgstr "�行 $command"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:446
+#: git-bisect.sh:465
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
@@ -10357,11 +16111,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "二分查找�行失败：\n"
 "命令 '$command' 的退出� $res �于 0 或大于等于 128"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:472
+#: git-bisect.sh:491
 msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
 msgstr "二分查找�能继续�行"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:478
+#: git-bisect.sh:497
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
@@ -10370,108 +16124,114 @@ msgstr ""
 "二分查找�行失败：\n"
 "'bisect_state $state' 退出�为 $res"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:485
+#: git-bisect.sh:504
 msgid "bisect run success"
 msgstr "二分查找�行�功"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:21
-msgid ""
-"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
-"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
-"as appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit."
-msgstr ""
-"Pull ��用，因为您尚有未�并的文件。请先在工作区改正文件，\n"
-"然�酌情使用 'git add/rm <文件>' 标记解决方案，���交。"
+#: git-bisect.sh:533
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Invalid command: you're currently in a $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD bisect."
+msgstr "无效的命令：您当�正处于一个 $TERM_BAD/$TERM_GOOD 二分查找。"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:25
-msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
-msgstr "Pull ��用，因为您尚有未�并的文件。"
+#: git-bisect.sh:567
+msgid "no terms defined"
+msgstr "未定义术语"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:31
+#: git-bisect.sh:584
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
-"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+"invalid argument $arg for 'git bisect terms'.\n"
+"Supported options are: --term-good|--term-old and --term-bad|--term-new."
 msgstr ""
-"您尚未结�您的�并（存在 MERGE_HEAD）。\n"
-"请在�并�先�交您的修改。"
+"�数 $arg 对命令 'git bisect terms' 无效。\n"
+"支�的选项有：--term-good|--term-old 和 --term-bad|--term-new。"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:46
+msgid ""
+"Error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by "
+"merge"
+msgstr "错误：您对下列文件的本地修改将被�并�作覆盖"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:245
-msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
-msgstr "更新尚未诞生的分支，�更添加至索引"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:61
+msgid "Automated merge did not work."
+msgstr "自动�并未生效。"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:269
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:62
+msgid "Should not be doing an octopus."
+msgstr "�应该执行章鱼��并。"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:73
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
-"Warning: fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
-"Warning: commit $orig_head."
-msgstr ""
-"警告：fetch 更新了当�的分支。您的工作区\n"
-"警告：从原�交 $orig_head 快进。"
+msgid "Unable to find common commit with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "无法找到和 $pretty_name 的基线�交"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:77
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Already up to date with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "已�和 $pretty_name ��一致"
+
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarding to: $pretty_name"
+msgstr "快进至：$pretty_name"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:294
-msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
-msgstr "无法将多个分支�并到空分支"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:97
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Trying simple merge with $pretty_name"
+msgstr "�试和 $pretty_name 的简��并"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:298
-msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
-msgstr "无法�基到多个分支"
+#: git-merge-octopus.sh:102
+msgid "Simple merge did not work, trying automatic merge."
+msgstr "简��并未生效，�试自动�并。"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:57
+#: git-rebase.sh:61
 msgid ""
-"When you have resolved this problem, run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
-"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"git rebase --skip\" instead.\n"
-"To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run \"git rebase --abort"
-"\"."
+"Resolve all conflicts manually, mark them as resolved with\n"
+"\"git add/rm <conflicted_files>\", then run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"You can instead skip this commit: run \"git rebase --skip\".\n"
+"To abort and get back to the state before \"git rebase\", run \"git rebase --"
+"abort\"."
 msgstr ""
-"当您解决了此问题�，执行 \"git rebase --continue\"。\n"
-"如果您想跳过此补�，则执行 \"git rebase --skip\"。\n"
-"���原分支并�止�基，执行 \"git rebase --abort\"。"
+"手工解决所有冲�，执行 \"git add/rm <冲�的文件>\" 标记\n"
+"冲�已解决，然�执行 \"git rebase --continue\"。您也�以执行\n"
+"\"git rebase --skip\" 命令跳过这个�交。如果想�终止执行并回到\n"
+"\"git rebase\" 执行之�的状�，执行 \"git rebase --abort\"。"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:173 git-rebase.sh:442
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
+msgstr "无法移回 $head_name"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:165
+#: git-rebase.sh:184
 msgid "Applied autostash."
 msgstr "�功应用 autostash。"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:168
+#: git-rebase.sh:187
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Cannot store $stash_sha1"
 msgstr "无法�存 $stash_sha1"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:169
-msgid ""
-"Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
-"Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
-"You can run \"git stash pop\" or \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"应用 autostash 导致冲�。\n"
-"您的修改安全地�存在 stash 中。\n"
-"您�以在任何时候�行 \"git stash pop\" 或 \"git stash drop\"。\n"
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:208
+#: git-rebase.sh:229
 msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
 msgstr "钩� pre-rebase 拒��基�作。"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:213
-msgid "It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase."
-msgstr "似乎正处于在 git-am 的执行过程中。无法�基。"
+#: git-rebase.sh:234
+msgid "It looks like 'git am' is in progress. Cannot rebase."
+msgstr "看起� 'git-am' 正在执行中。无法�基。"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:351
-msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
-msgstr "选项 --exec 必须和选项 --interactive �时使用"
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:356
+#: git-rebase.sh:403
 msgid "No rebase in progress?"
 msgstr "没有正在进行的�基？"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:367
+#: git-rebase.sh:414
 msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
 msgstr "动作 --edit-todo �能用在交互��基过程中。"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:374
+#: git-rebase.sh:421
 msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
 msgstr "�能读� HEAD"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:377
+#: git-rebase.sh:424
 msgid ""
 "You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
 "mark them as resolved using git add"
@@ -10479,12 +16239,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "您必须编辑所有的�并冲�，然�通过 git add\n"
 "命令将它们标记为已解决"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:395
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
-msgstr "无法移回 $head_name"
-
-#: git-rebase.sh:414
+#: git-rebase.sh:468
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
@@ -10503,237 +16258,248 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
 "然���新执行�基�作。 为��丢失��数�，我已��止当��作。"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:465
+#: git-rebase.sh:509
+msgid "error: cannot combine '--signoff' with '--preserve-merges'"
+msgstr "错误：�能组��数 '--signoff' 和 '--preserve-merges'"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:537
 #, sh-format
-msgid "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
-msgstr "无效的上游 $upstream_name"
+msgid "invalid upstream '$upstream_name'"
+msgstr "无效的上游 '$upstream_name'"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:489
+#: git-rebase.sh:561
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
 msgstr "$onto_name: 有一个以上的�并基准"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:492 git-rebase.sh:496
+#: git-rebase.sh:564 git-rebase.sh:568
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
 msgstr "$onto_name: 没有�并基准"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:501
+#: git-rebase.sh:573
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
 msgstr "没有指�一个有效的�交：$onto_name"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:524
+#: git-rebase.sh:599
 #, sh-format
-msgid "fatal: no such branch: $branch_name"
-msgstr "严�错误：无此分支：$branch_name"
+msgid "fatal: no such branch/commit '$branch_name'"
+msgstr "严�错误：无此分支/�交 '$branch_name'"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:557
+#: git-rebase.sh:632
 msgid "Cannot autostash"
 msgstr "无法 autostash"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:562
+#: git-rebase.sh:637
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Created autostash: $stash_abbrev"
 msgstr "创建了 autostash: $stash_abbrev"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:566
+#: git-rebase.sh:641
 msgid "Please commit or stash them."
-msgstr "请�交或为它们�存进度。"
+msgstr "请�交或贮�修改。"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:586
+#: git-rebase.sh:664
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date."
+msgstr "HEAD 是最新的。"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:666
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
 msgstr "当�分支 $branch_name 是最新的。"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:590
+#: git-rebase.sh:674
+#, sh-format
+msgid "HEAD is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr "HEAD 是最新的，强制�基。"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:676
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
 msgstr "当�分支 $branch_name 是最新的，强制�基。"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:601
+#: git-rebase.sh:688
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
 msgstr "�更从 $mb 到 $onto："
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:610
+#: git-rebase.sh:697
 msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
-msgstr "首先，�置头指针以便在上��放您的工作..."
+msgstr "首先，回退分支以便在上��放您的工作..."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:620
+#: git-rebase.sh:707
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
 msgstr "快进 $branch_name 至 $onto_name。"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:51
+#: git-stash.sh:61
 msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
 msgstr "git stash clear �支��数"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:74
+#: git-stash.sh:108
 msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
 msgstr "您尚未建立�始�交"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:89
+#: git-stash.sh:123
 msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
 msgstr "无法�存当�索引状�"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:124 git-stash.sh:137
+#: git-stash.sh:138
+msgid "Cannot save the untracked files"
+msgstr "无法�存未跟踪文件"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:158 git-stash.sh:171
 msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
 msgstr "无法�存当�工作区状�"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:141
+#: git-stash.sh:175
 msgid "No changes selected"
 msgstr "没有选择�更"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:144
+#: git-stash.sh:178
 msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
 msgstr "无法删除临时索引（�应�生）"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:157
+#: git-stash.sh:191
 msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
 msgstr "�能记录工作区状�"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:191
+#: git-stash.sh:229
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Cannot update $ref_stash with $w_commit"
 msgstr "无法用 $w_commit 更新 $ref_stash"
 
-#. TRANSLATORS: $option is an invalid option, like
-#. `--blah-blah'. The 7 spaces at the beginning of the
-#. second line correspond to "error: ". So you should line
-#. up the second line with however many characters the
-#. translation of "error: " takes in your language. E.g. in
-#. English this is:
-#.
-#. $ git stash save --blah-blah 2>&1 | head -n 2
-#. error: unknown option for 'stash save': --blah-blah
-#. To provide a message, use git stash save -- '--blah-blah'
-#: git-stash.sh:238
+#: git-stash.sh:281
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
-"       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
-msgstr ""
-"错误：'stash save' 的未知选项：$option\n"
-"      ��供一个�述信�，使用 git stash save -- '$option'"
+msgid "error: unknown option for 'stash push': $option"
+msgstr "错误：'stash push' 的未知选项：$option"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:259
+#: git-stash.sh:295
+msgid "Can't use --patch and --include-untracked or --all at the same time"
+msgstr "�能�时使用�数 --patch 和 --include-untracked 或 --all"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:303
 msgid "No local changes to save"
 msgstr "没有��存的本地修改"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:263
+#: git-stash.sh:308
 msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
-msgstr "无法�始化 stash"
+msgstr "无法�始化贮�"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:267
+#: git-stash.sh:312
 msgid "Cannot save the current status"
 msgstr "无法�存当�状�"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:285
+#: git-stash.sh:313
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Saved working directory and index state $stash_msg"
+msgstr "�存工作目录和索引状� $stash_msg"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:342
 msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
 msgstr "无法删除工作区�更"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:384
-msgid "No stash found."
-msgstr "未�现 stash。"
+#: git-stash.sh:490
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unknown option: $opt"
+msgstr "未知选项: $opt"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:503
+msgid "No stash entries found."
+msgstr "未�现贮��目。"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:391
+#: git-stash.sh:510
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
 msgstr "指定了太多的版本：$REV"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:397
+#: git-stash.sh:525
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$reference is not a valid reference"
 msgstr "$reference �是一个有效的引用"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:425
+#: git-stash.sh:553
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
-msgstr "'$args' �是 stash 样�交"
+msgstr "'$args' �是贮���交"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:436
+#: git-stash.sh:564
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
-msgstr "'$args' �是一个 stash 引用"
+msgstr "'$args' �是一个贮�引用"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:444
+#: git-stash.sh:572
 msgid "unable to refresh index"
 msgstr "无法刷新索引"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:448
+#: git-stash.sh:576
 msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
-msgstr "无法在�并过程中��进度"
+msgstr "无法在�并过程应用贮�"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:456
+#: git-stash.sh:584
 msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
 msgstr "索引中有冲�。�试�使用 --index。"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:458
+#: git-stash.sh:586
 msgid "Could not save index tree"
 msgstr "�能�存索引树"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:492
+#: git-stash.sh:595
+msgid "Could not restore untracked files from stash entry"
+msgstr "无法从贮��目中��未跟踪文件"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:620
 msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
-msgstr "无法还原修改的文件"
+msgstr "无法将修改的文件�消暂存"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:507
+#: git-stash.sh:635
 msgid "Index was not unstashed."
-msgstr "索引的进度没有被��。"
+msgstr "索引未从贮�中��。"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:530
+#: git-stash.sh:649
+msgid "The stash entry is kept in case you need it again."
+msgstr "贮��目被�留以备您�次需�。"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:658
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
 msgstr "丢弃了 ${REV} ($s)"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:531
+#: git-stash.sh:659
 #, sh-format
 msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
-msgstr "${REV}：�能丢弃进度�目"
+msgstr "${REV}：无法丢弃贮��目"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:539
+#: git-stash.sh:667
 msgid "No branch name specified"
 msgstr "未指定分支�"
 
-#: git-stash.sh:611
+#: git-stash.sh:746
 msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
 msgstr "（为��数�输入 \"git stash apply\"）"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:95
-#, sh-format
-msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
-msgstr "无法从 url '$remoteurl' 剥离一个组件"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:237
-#, sh-format
-msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "未在 .gitmodules 中�现路径 '$sm_path' 的�模组映射"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:287
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
-msgstr "无法克隆 '$url' 到�模组路径 '$sm_path'"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:296
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
-msgstr "Gitdir '$a' 在�模组路径 '$b' 之下或相�"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:406
+#: git-submodule.sh:188
 msgid "Relative path can only be used from the toplevel of the working tree"
 msgstr "�能在工作区的顶级目录中使用相对路径"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:416
+#: git-submodule.sh:198
 #, sh-format
 msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
-msgstr "版本库URL：'$repo' 必须是�对路径或以 ./|../ 起始"
+msgstr "仓库 URL：'$repo' 必须是�对路径或以 ./|../ 起始"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:433
+#: git-submodule.sh:217
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
 msgstr "'$sm_path' 已�存在于索引中"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:437
+#: git-submodule.sh:220
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index and is not a submodule"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' 已�存在于索引中且�是一个�模组"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:226
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
@@ -10744,622 +16510,1537 @@ msgstr ""
 "$sm_path\n"
 "如果您确实想添加它，使用 -f �数。"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:455
+#: git-submodule.sh:249
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
-msgstr "添加�于 '$sm_path' 的现存版本库到索引"
+msgstr "添加�于 '$sm_path' 的现存仓库到索引"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:457
+#: git-submodule.sh:251
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
-msgstr "'$sm_path' 已存在且�是一个有效的 git 版本库"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' 已存在且�是一个有效的 git 仓库"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:465
+#: git-submodule.sh:259
 #, sh-format
 msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
-msgstr "本地�现 '$sm_name' 的一个 git 目录，与其对应的远程版本库："
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:467
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from"
-msgstr "如果您想�用此本地 git 目录而�是�新克隆自"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:469
-#, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo"
-msgstr "使用 '--force' �数。如果本地 git 目录�是正确的版本库"
+msgstr "本地�现 '$sm_name' 的一个 git 目录，与其对应的远程仓库："
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:470
+#: git-submodule.sh:261
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
+"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct "
+"repo\n"
 "or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
 "option."
-msgstr "或者您�确定其中�义使用 '--name' �数选择�外一个�称。"
+msgstr ""
+"如果您想��用这个本地 git 目录而��新克隆自\n"
+"  $realrepo\n"
+"使用 '--force' 选项。如果本地 git 目录�是正确的仓库\n"
+"或者您�确定这里的�义，使用 '--name' 选项选择�外的�称。"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:472
+#: git-submodule.sh:267
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
 msgstr "激活本地 git 目录到�模组 '$sm_name'。"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:484
+#: git-submodule.sh:279
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "�能检出�模组 '$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:489
+#: git-submodule.sh:284
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "无法添加�模组 '$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:498
+#: git-submodule.sh:293
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "无法注册�模组 '$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:542
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Entering '$prefix$displaypath'"
-msgstr "正在进入 '$prefix$displaypath'"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:562
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Stopping at '$prefix$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
-msgstr "�止于 '$prefix$displaypath'，脚本返回�零值。"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:608
-#, sh-format
-msgid "No url found for submodule path '$displaypath' in .gitmodules"
-msgstr "在 .gitmodules 中未找到�模组路径 '$displaypath' 的 url"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:617
+#: git-submodule.sh:354
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "无法为�模组路径 '$displaypath' 注册 url"
+msgid "Entering '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "正在进入 '$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:619
+#: git-submodule.sh:374
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "�模组 '$name' ($url) 未对路径 '$displaypath' 注册"
+msgid "Stopping at '$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgstr "�止于 '$displaypath'；脚本返回�零值。"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:636
+#: git-submodule.sh:600
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "无法为�模组路径 '$displaypath' 注册更新模�"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:674
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Use '.' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
-msgstr "使用 '.' 如果您真的想�对所有�模组�消�始化"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:691
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains a .git directory"
-msgstr "�模组工作区 '$displaypath' 包�一个 .git 目录"
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "无法在�模组路径 '$displaypath' 中找到当�版本"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:692
+#: git-submodule.sh:610
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
-msgstr "（使用 'rm -rf' 命令如果您真的想删除它�其全部历�）"
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法在�模组路径 '$sm_path' 中获�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:698
+#: git-submodule.sh:615
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Submodule work tree '$displaypath' contains local modifications; use '-f' to "
-"discard them"
-msgstr "�模组工作区 '$displaypath' 包�本地修改；使用 '-f' 丢弃它们"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:701
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Cleared directory '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "已清除目录 '$displaypath'"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:702
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "无法移除�模组工作区 '$displaypath'"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:705
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Could not create empty submodule directory '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "�能创建空的�模组目录 '$displaypath'"
+"Unable to find current ${remote_name}/${branch} revision in submodule path "
+"'$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法在�模组路径 '$sm_path' 中找到当�版本 ${remote_name}/${branch}"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:714
+#: git-submodule.sh:633
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "�模组 '$name' ($url) 未对路径 '$displaypath' 注册"
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "无法在�模组路径 '$displaypath' 中获�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:830
+#: git-submodule.sh:639
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Submodule path '$displaypath' not initialized\n"
-"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+"Fetched in submodule path '$displaypath', but it did not contain $sha1. "
+"Direct fetching of that commit failed."
 msgstr ""
-"�模组路径 '$displaypath' 没有�始化\n"
-"也许您想用 'update --init'？"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:843
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "无法在�模组路径 '$displaypath' 中找到当�版本"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:852
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "无法在�模组路径 '$sm_path' 中获�"
-
-#: git-submodule.sh:876
-#, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "无法在�模组路径 '$displaypath' 中获�"
+"获�了�模组路径 '$displaypath'，但是它没有包� $sha1。直接获�该�交失败。"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:890
+#: git-submodule.sh:646
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr "无法在�模组路径 '$displaypath' 中检出 '$sha1'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:891
+#: git-submodule.sh:647
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': checked out '$sha1'"
 msgstr "�模组路径 '$displaypath'：检出 '$sha1'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:895
+#: git-submodule.sh:651
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr "无法在�模组路径 '$displaypath' 中�基 '$sha1'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:896
+#: git-submodule.sh:652
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': rebased into '$sha1'"
 msgstr "�模组路径 '$displaypath'：�基至 '$sha1'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:901
+#: git-submodule.sh:657
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr "无法�并 '$sha1' 到�模组路径 '$displaypath' 中"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:902
+#: git-submodule.sh:658
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': merged in '$sha1'"
 msgstr "�模组路径 '$displaypath'：已�并入 '$sha1'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:907
+#: git-submodule.sh:663
 #, sh-format
-msgid ""
-"Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule  path '$prefix$sm_path'"
-msgstr "在�模组路径 '$prefix$sm_path' 中执行 '$command $sha1' 失败"
+msgid "Execution of '$command $sha1' failed in submodule path '$displaypath'"
+msgstr "在�模组 '$displaypath' 中执行 '$command $sha1' 失败"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:908
+#: git-submodule.sh:664
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': '$command $sha1'"
-msgstr "�模组路径 '$prefix$sm_path': '$command $sha1'"
+msgid "Submodule path '$displaypath': '$command $sha1'"
+msgstr "�模组 '$displaypath'：'$command $sha1'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:938
+#: git-submodule.sh:695
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$displaypath'"
 msgstr "无法递归进�模组路径 '$displaypath'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1046
+#: git-submodule.sh:791
 msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
 msgstr "选项 --cached �能和选项 --files �时使用"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1098
+#: git-submodule.sh:843
 #, sh-format
 msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
 msgstr "�外的模� $mod_dst"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: git-submodule.sh:1118
+#: git-submodule.sh:863
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
 msgstr "  警告：$display_name 未包��交 $sha1_src"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: git-submodule.sh:1121
+#: git-submodule.sh:866
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
 msgstr "  警告：$display_name 未包��交 $sha1_dst"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: git-submodule.sh:1124
+#: git-submodule.sh:869
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $display_name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
 msgstr "  警告：$display_name 未包��交 $sha1_src 和 $sha1_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1149
-msgid "blob"
-msgstr "数�对象"
+#: git-parse-remote.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "See git-${cmd}(1) for details."
+msgstr "详� git-${cmd}(1)。"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1267
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:142
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "无法递归进�模组路径 '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Rebasing ($new_count/$total)"
+msgstr "�基中（$new_count/$total）"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1331
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:158
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Commands:\n"
+"p, pick <commit> = use commit\n"
+"r, reword <commit> = use commit, but edit the commit message\n"
+"e, edit <commit> = use commit, but stop for amending\n"
+"s, squash <commit> = use commit, but meld into previous commit\n"
+"f, fixup <commit> = like \"squash\", but discard this commit's log message\n"
+"x, exec <command> = run command (the rest of the line) using shell\n"
+"d, drop <commit> = remove commit\n"
+"l, label <label> = label current HEAD with a name\n"
+"t, reset <label> = reset HEAD to a label\n"
+"m, merge [-C <commit> | -c <commit>] <label> [# <oneline>]\n"
+".       create a merge commit using the original merge commit's\n"
+".       message (or the oneline, if no original merge commit was\n"
+".       specified). Use -c <commit> to reword the commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"命令:\n"
+"p, pick <�交> = 使用�交\n"
+"r, reword <�交> = 使用�交，但修改�交说明\n"
+"e, edit <�交> = 使用�交，进入 shell 以便进行�交修补\n"
+"s, squash <�交> = 使用�交，但��到�一个�交\n"
+"f, fixup <�交> = 类似于 \"squash\"，但丢弃�交说明日志\n"
+"x, exec <命令> = 使用 shell �行命令（此行剩余部分）\n"
+"d, drop <�交> = 删除�交\n"
+"l, label <label> = 为当� HEAD 打上标记\n"
+"t, reset <label> = �置 HEAD 到该标记\n"
+"m, merge [-C <commit> | -c <commit>] <label> [# <oneline>]\n"
+".       创建一个�并�交，并使用原始的�并�交说明（如果没有指定\n"
+".       原始�交，使用注释部分的 oneline 作为�交说明）。使用\n"
+".       -c <�交> �以编辑�交说明。\n"
+"\n"
+"�以对这些行�新排�，将从上至下执行。\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:179
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Do not remove any line. Use 'drop' explicitly to remove a commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"��删除任�一行。使用 'drop' 显�地删除一个�交。\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:183
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"如果您在这里删除一行，对应的�交将会丢失。\n"
+
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:221
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$displaypath'"
-msgstr "为 '$displaypath' �步�模组 url"
+msgid ""
+"You can amend the commit now, with\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"Once you are satisfied with your changes, run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"您现在�以修补这个�交，使用\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"当您对�更感到满�，执行\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 
-#~ msgid "no files added"
-#~ msgstr "没有文件被添加"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:246
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$sha1: not a commit that can be picked"
+msgstr "$sha1：�是一个�以被拣选的�交"
 
-#~ msgid "force creation (when already exists)"
-#~ msgstr "强制创建（当已�存在）"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:285
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Invalid commit name: $sha1"
+msgstr "无效的�交�：$sha1"
 
-#~ msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
-#~ msgstr "�法的身份字符串：'%s'"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:325
+msgid "Cannot write current commit's replacement sha1"
+msgstr "�能写入当��交的替代 sha1"
 
-#~ msgid "slot"
-#~ msgstr "slot"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:376
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "快进到 $sha1"
 
-#~ msgid "Failed to lock ref for update"
-#~ msgstr "无法为更新�定引用"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:378
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot fast-forward to $sha1"
+msgstr "�能快进到 $sha1"
 
-#~ msgid "Failed to write ref"
-#~ msgstr "�能写引用"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:387
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot move HEAD to $first_parent"
+msgstr "�能移动 HEAD 到 $first_parent"
 
-#~ msgid "Failed to lock HEAD during fast_forward_to"
-#~ msgstr "在快进时无法为 HEAD 加�"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:392
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Refusing to squash a merge: $sha1"
+msgstr "拒�压缩一个�并：$sha1"
 
-#~ msgid "invalid commit: %s"
-#~ msgstr "无效的�交：%s"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:410
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Error redoing merge $sha1"
+msgstr "无法���并 $sha1"
 
-#~ msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
-#~ msgstr "无法�定 HEAD 引用"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:419
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not pick $sha1"
+msgstr "�能拣选 $sha1"
 
-#~ msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
-#~ msgstr "无法更新 HEAD 引用"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:428
+#, sh-format
+msgid "This is the commit message #${n}:"
+msgstr "这是�交说明 #${n}："
 
-#~ msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
-#~ msgstr "无效的 %s：'%s'"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:433
+#, sh-format
+msgid "The commit message #${n} will be skipped:"
+msgstr "�交说明 #${n} 将被跳过："
 
-#~ msgid "cannot tell cwd"
-#~ msgstr "无法获知当�路径"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:444
+#, sh-format
+msgid "This is a combination of $count commit."
+msgid_plural "This is a combination of $count commits."
+msgstr[0] "这是一个 $count 个�交的组�。"
+msgstr[1] "这是一个 $count 个�交的组�。"
 
-#~ msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
-#~ msgstr "%s：�能�定引用"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:453
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot write $fixup_msg"
+msgstr "�能写入 $fixup_msg"
 
-#~ msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
-#~ msgstr "%s：�能更新引用"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:456
+msgid "This is a combination of 2 commits."
+msgstr "这是一个 2 个�交的组�。"
 
-#~ msgid "commit has empty message"
-#~ msgstr "�交说明为空"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:497 git-rebase--interactive.sh:540
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:543
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
+msgstr "�能应用 $sha1... $rest"
 
-#~ msgid "Failed to chdir: %s"
-#~ msgstr "无法切�目录：%s"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:572
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not amend commit after successfully picking $sha1... $rest\n"
+"This is most likely due to an empty commit message, or the pre-commit hook\n"
+"failed. If the pre-commit hook failed, you may need to resolve the issue "
+"before\n"
+"you are able to reword the commit."
+msgstr ""
+"�能在�功拣选 $sha1... $rest 之�修补�交\n"
+"这通常是因为空的�交说明，或者 pre-commit 钩�执行失败。如果是 pre-commit\n"
+"钩�执行失败，你�能需�在�写�交说明�解决这个问题。"
 
-#~ msgid "key id"
-#~ msgstr "key id"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:587
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopped at $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
+msgstr "�止在 $sha1_abbrev... $rest"
 
-#~ msgid "Tracking not set up: name too long: %s"
-#~ msgstr "跟踪未设置：�字太长：%s"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:602
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot '$squash_style' without a previous commit"
+msgstr "没有父�交的情况下�能 '$squash_style'"
 
-#~ msgid "bug"
-#~ msgstr "bug"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:644
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Executing: $rest"
+msgstr "执行：$rest"
 
-#  译者：注����尾空格
-#~ msgid "ahead "
-#~ msgstr "领先 "
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:652
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Execution failed: $rest"
+msgstr "执行失败：$rest"
 
-#  译者：注����尾空格
-#~ msgid ", behind "
-#~ msgstr "，�� "
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:654
+msgid "and made changes to the index and/or the working tree"
+msgstr "并且修改索引和/或工作区"
 
-#~ msgid "could not find .gitmodules in index"
-#~ msgstr "无法在索引中找到 .gitmodules"
+#  译者：注����导空格
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:656
+msgid ""
+"You can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"您�以解决这个问题，然��行\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 
-#~ msgid "reading updated .gitmodules failed"
-#~ msgstr "读�更新�的 .gitmodules 失败"
+#. TRANSLATORS: after these lines is a command to be issued by the user
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:669
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Execution succeeded: $rest\n"
+"but left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+"Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
+msgstr ""
+"执行�功：$rest\n"
+"但是在索引和/或工作区中存在�更。�交或贮�修改，然��行\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit rebase --continue"
 
-#~ msgid "unable to stat updated .gitmodules"
-#~ msgstr "�能枚举更新�的 .gitmodules"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:680
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unknown command: $command $sha1 $rest"
+msgstr "未知命令：$command $sha1 $rest"
 
-#~ msgid "unable to remove .gitmodules from index"
-#~ msgstr "�能从索引中移除 .gitmodules"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:681
+msgid "Please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
+msgstr "�修改请使用命令 'git rebase --edit-todo'。"
 
-#~ msgid "adding updated .gitmodules failed"
-#~ msgstr "添加更新�的 .gitmodules 失败"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:716
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Successfully rebased and updated $head_name."
+msgstr "�功�基并更新 $head_name。"
 
-#  译者：字符串首行行首�添加“warning: �字串，故此首行�较其余行短
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "The behavior of 'git add %s (or %s)' with no path argument from a\n"
-#~ "subdirectory of the tree will change in Git 2.0 and should not be used "
-#~ "anymore.\n"
-#~ "To add content for the whole tree, run:\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "  git add %s :/\n"
-#~ "  (or git add %s :/)\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "To restrict the command to the current directory, run:\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "  git add %s .\n"
-#~ "  (or git add %s .)\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "With the current Git version, the command is restricted to the current "
-#~ "directory.\n"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "在 Git 2.0 版本，�于一个�目录下�带任何路径�数地执行命令\n"
-#~ "'git add %s (或 %s)' 的行为将被改�，���继续使用了。\n"
-#~ "如果�添加整个目录树的内容，执行：\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "  git add %s :/\n"
-#~ "  (或 git add %s :/)\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "如果��制该命令�作用于当�目录，执行：\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "  git add %s .\n"
-#~ "  (或 git add %s .)\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "对于当�版本的 Git，这�命令�作用于当�目录。\n"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:740
+msgid "could not detach HEAD"
+msgstr "�能检出为分离头指针"
 
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "You ran 'git add' with neither '-A (--all)' or '--ignore-removal',\n"
-#~ "whose behaviour will change in Git 2.0 with respect to paths you "
-#~ "removed.\n"
-#~ "Paths like '%s' that are\n"
-#~ "removed from your working tree are ignored with this version of Git.\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "* 'git add --ignore-removal <pathspec>', which is the current default,\n"
-#~ "  ignores paths you removed from your working tree.\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "* 'git add --all <pathspec>' will let you also record the removals.\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "Run 'git status' to check the paths you removed from your working tree.\n"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "您在�行 'git add' 时没有指定 '-A (--all)' 或 '--ignore-removal'，\n"
-#~ "针对其中本地移除路径的行为将在 Git 2.0 版本库�生�化。\n"
-#~ "�本地工作区移除的路径 '%s'\n"
-#~ "在此版本的 Git 中被忽略。\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "* 'git add --ignore-removal <路径规则>'，是当�版本的默认�作，\n"
-#~ "  忽略您本地工作区中移除的文件。\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "* 'git add --all <路径规则>' 将让您�时对删除�作进行记录。\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "�行 'git status' �检查您本地工作区中移除的路径。\n"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:778
+msgid "Could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
+msgstr "�能删除 CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"
 
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance. You may also\n"
-#~ "run \"git gc\" manually. See \"git help gc\" for more information.\n"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "自动打包版本库以求最佳性能。您还�以手动�行 \"git gc\"。\n"
-#~ "�� \"git help gc\" 以获�更多信�。\n"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:783
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"You have staged changes in your working tree.\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be\n"
+"squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
+msgstr ""
+"您已暂存了工作区的修改。如果这些修改�压缩到�一个�交，执行：\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"如果这些�更�形�一个新�交，执行：\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit $gpg_sign_opt_quoted\n"
+"\n"
+"无论哪�情况，当您完��交，继续执行：\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n"
 
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
-#~ "counterpart. If you did not intend to push that branch, you may want to\n"
-#~ "specify branches to push or set the 'push.default' configuration "
-#~ "variable\n"
-#~ "to 'simple', 'current' or 'upstream' to push only the current branch."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "更新被拒�，因为推�的一个分支的最新�交��于其对应的远程分支。\n"
-#~ "如果您并�有�推�该分支，您�以在推�时指定�推�的分支，或者将\n"
-#~ "�置�� 'push.default' 设置为 'simple'�'current' 或 'upstream'\n"
-#~ "以便�推�当�分支。"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:800
+msgid "Error trying to find the author identity to amend commit"
+msgstr "在修补�交中查找作者信�时�到错误"
 
-#  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#~ msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
-#~ msgstr "拷�：      %s -> %s"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:805
+msgid ""
+"You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please commit them\n"
+"first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
+msgstr ""
+"您的工作区中有未�交的�更。请先�交然��次�行 'git rebase --continue'。"
 
-#  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#~ msgid "deleted:    %s"
-#~ msgstr "删除：      %s"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:810 git-rebase--interactive.sh:814
+msgid "Could not commit staged changes."
+msgstr "�能�交暂存的修改。"
 
-#  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#~ msgid "modified:   %s"
-#~ msgstr "修改：      %s"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:843
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.\n"
+"To continue rebase after editing, run:\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"您正在修改�行中的交互��基待办列表。若�在编辑结��继续�基，\n"
+"请执行：\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n"
+"\n"
 
-#  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#~ msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
-#~ msgstr "�命�：    %s -> %s"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:851 git-rebase--interactive.sh:937
+msgid "Could not execute editor"
+msgstr "无法�行编辑器"
 
-#  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#~ msgid "unmerged:   %s"
-#~ msgstr "未�并：    %s"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:872
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not checkout $switch_to"
+msgstr "�能检出 $switch_to"
 
-#  译者：字符串首行行首�添加“warning: �字串，故此首行�较其余行短
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "push.default is unset; its implicit value is changing in\n"
-#~ "Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
-#~ "and maintain the current behavior after the default changes, use:\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
-#~ "information.\n"
-#~ "(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
-#~ "'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "push.default 未设置，它的默认值将在 Git 2.0 由 'matching'\n"
-#~ "改�为 'simple'。若���显示本信�并��传统习惯，进行如下设置：\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "  git config --global push.default matching\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "若���显示本信�并从现在开始采用新的使用习惯，设置：\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "  git config --global push.default simple\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ "�� 'git help config' 并查找 'push.default' 以获�更多信�。\n"
-#~ "（'simple' 模�由 Git 1.7.11 版本引入。如果您有时�使用�版本的 Git，\n"
-#~ "为��兼容，请用 'current' 代替 'simple'）"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:879
+msgid "No HEAD?"
+msgstr "没有 HEAD？"
 
-#~ msgid "input paths are terminated by a null character"
-#~ msgstr "输入路径以null字符终止"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:880
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not create temporary $state_dir"
+msgstr "�能创建临时 $state_dir"
 
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "The following untracked files would NOT be saved but need to be removed "
-#~ "by stash save:"
-#~ msgstr "如下未跟踪文件将�会被�存但是将会因为进度�存而需�被删除："
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:883
+msgid "Could not mark as interactive"
+msgstr "�能标记为交互�"
 
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Aborting. Consider using either the --force or --include-untracked option."
-#~ msgstr "终止。考虑使用 --force 或者 --include-untracked 选项。"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:915
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount command)"
+msgid_plural "Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto ($todocount commands)"
+msgstr[0] "�基 $shortrevisions 到 $shortonto（$todocount 个�交）"
+msgstr[1] "�基 $shortrevisions 到 $shortonto（$todocount 个�交）"
 
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "the following submodule (or one of its nested submodule)\n"
-#~ "uses a .git directory:"
-#~ msgid_plural ""
-#~ "the following submodules (or one of its nested submodule)\n"
-#~ "use a .git directory:"
-#~ msgstr[0] "如下�模组（或一个其嵌套的�模组）使用了一个 .git 目录："
-#~ msgstr[1] "如下�模组（或一个其嵌套的�模组）使用了一个 .git 目录："
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:920
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\tHowever, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.\n"
+"\n"
+"\t"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"\t然而，如果您删除全部内容，�基�作将会终止。\n"
+"\n"
+"\t"
 
-#  译者：注����导空格
-#~ msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --resolved\")"
-#~ msgstr "  （解决冲�，然��行 \"git am --resolved\"）"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:927
+msgid "Note that empty commits are commented out"
+msgstr "注�空�交已被注释掉"
 
-#  译者：注����导空格
-#~ msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git commit\")"
-#~ msgstr "  （解决所有冲��，执行 \"git commit\"）"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:980
+msgid "Could not generate todo list"
+msgstr "无法生�待办列表"
 
-#~ msgid "more than %d trees given: '%s'"
-#~ msgstr "�供了超过 %d 个树对象：'%s'"
+#: git-rebase--interactive.sh:1001 git-rebase--interactive.sh:1006
+msgid "Could not init rewritten commits"
+msgstr "�能对�写�交进行�始化"
 
-#~ msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
-#~ msgstr "您�能将 --no-ff 与 --ff-only �时使用。"
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:89 git-sh-setup.sh:94
+#, sh-format
+msgid "usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+msgstr "用法：$dashless $USAGE"
 
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "submodule '%s' (or one of its nested submodules) uses a .git directory\n"
-#~ "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its "
-#~ "history)"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "�模组 '%s'（或者它的一个嵌套�模组）使用一个 .git 目录\n"
-#~ "（使用 'rm -rf' 命令如果您真的想删除它�其全部历�）"
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:190
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot chdir to $cdup, the toplevel of the working tree"
+msgstr "�能切�目录到 $cdup，工作区的顶级目录"
 
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
-#~ "(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "'%s' 有�更已暂存至索引中\n"
-#~ "（使用 --cached �存文件，或用 -f 强制删除）"
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:199 git-sh-setup.sh:206
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: $program_name cannot be used without a working tree."
+msgstr "严�错误：$program_name �能在没有工作区的情况下使用"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:220
+msgid "Cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "�能�基：您有未暂存的�更。"
 
-#~ msgid "show commits where no parent comes before its children"
-#~ msgstr "显示�交时以时间为�且父�交�能领先��交"
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:223
+msgid "Cannot rewrite branches: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "�能�写分支：您有未暂存的�更。"
 
-#~ msgid "show the HEAD reference"
-#~ msgstr "显示 HEAD 引用"
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:226
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "无法通过�基方�拉�：您有未暂存的�更。"
 
-#~ msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$sm_path'"
-#~ msgstr "�模组 '$name' ($url) 已为路径 '$sm_path' 注册"
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:229
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot $action: You have unstaged changes."
+msgstr "�能 $action：您有未暂存的�更。"
 
-#~ msgid "Change flags"
-#~ msgstr "修改�数"
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:242
+msgid "Cannot rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "�能�基：您的索引中包�未�交的�更。"
 
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "NOTE: no more files to clean; press \"t\" to toggle flags of git-clean."
-#~ msgstr "注�：没有�清�的文件；�试按 \"t\" 切� git-clean 的选项。"
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:245
+msgid "Cannot pull with rebase: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "无法通过�基方�拉�：您的索引中包�未�交的�更。"
 
-#~ msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
-#~ msgstr "无法递归进�模组路径 '$prefix$sm_path'"
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:248
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cannot $action: Your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "�能 $action：您的索引中包�未�交的�更。"
+
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:252
+msgid "Additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."
+msgstr "而且您的索引中包�未�交的�更。"
 
-#~ msgid "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
-#~ msgstr "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [版本选项] [--] [<�交�>... ]"
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:372
+msgid "You need to run this command from the toplevel of the working tree."
+msgstr "您需�在工作区的顶级目录中�行这个命令。"
 
-#~ msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
-#~ msgstr "�� 'git help <命令>' 以获得该特定命令的详细信�。"
+#: git-sh-setup.sh:377
+msgid "Unable to determine absolute path of git directory"
+msgstr "�能确定 git 目录的�对路径"
 
-#~ msgid "BUG: impossible combination of %d and %p"
-#~ msgstr "BUG: 无法组� %d 和 %p"
+#. TRANSLATORS: you can adjust this to align "git add -i" status menu
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:196
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%12s %12s %s"
+msgstr "%12s %12s %s"
 
-#  译者：以下三�实际为一个段�
-#~ msgid "It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files.  'status -uno'"
-#~ msgstr "耗费了 %.2f 秒以枚举未跟踪的文件。'status -uno'"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "staged"
+msgstr "缓存"
 
-#  译者：为对�，下�两�内容有调整
-#~ msgid "may speed it up, but you have to be careful not to forget to add"
-#~ msgstr "也许能�高速度，但您需��心��忘了添加新文件"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:197
+msgid "unstaged"
+msgstr "未缓存"
 
-#~ msgid "new files yourself (see 'git help status')."
-#~ msgstr "（�� 'git help status'）。"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:253 git-add--interactive.perl:278
+msgid "binary"
+msgstr "二进制"
 
-#~ msgid "use any ref in .git/refs"
-#~ msgstr "使用 .git/refs 里的任�引用"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:262 git-add--interactive.perl:316
+msgid "nothing"
+msgstr "æ— "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:298 git-add--interactive.perl:313
+msgid "unchanged"
+msgstr "没有修改"
 
-#~ msgid "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"
-#~ msgstr "使用 .git/refs/tags 里的任� tag"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:609
+#, perl-format
+msgid "added %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "added %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "增加了 %d 个路径\n"
+msgstr[1] "增加了 %d 个路径\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:612
+#, perl-format
+msgid "updated %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "updated %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "更新了 %d 个路径\n"
+msgstr[1] "更新了 %d 个路径\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:615
+#, perl-format
+msgid "reverted %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "reverted %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "还原了 %d 个路径\n"
+msgstr[1] "还原了 %d 个路径\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:618
+#, perl-format
+msgid "touched %d path\n"
+msgid_plural "touched %d paths\n"
+msgstr[0] "触碰了 %d 个路径\n"
+msgstr[1] "触碰了 %d 个路径\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:627
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "æ›´æ–°"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:639
+msgid "Revert"
+msgstr "还原"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:662
+#, perl-format
+msgid "note: %s is untracked now.\n"
+msgstr "说明：%s 现已�为未跟踪的。\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:673
+msgid "Add untracked"
+msgstr "添加未跟踪的"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:679
+msgid "No untracked files.\n"
+msgstr "没有未跟踪的文件。\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1033
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for staging."
+msgstr "如果补�能干净地应用，编辑�将立�标记为暂存。"
 
-#~ msgid "bad object %s"
-#~ msgstr "�对象 %s"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1036
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for stashing."
+msgstr "如果补�能干净地应用，编辑�将立�标记为贮�。"
 
-#~ msgid "bogus committer info %s"
-#~ msgstr "虚�的�交者信� %s"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1039
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for unstaging."
+msgstr "如果补�能干净地应用，编辑�将立�标记为未暂存。"
 
-#~ msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
-#~ msgstr "�能打开 'show' 输出文件�柄"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1042 git-add--interactive.perl:1051
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for applying."
+msgstr "如果补�能干净地应用，编辑�将立�标记为应用。"
 
-#~ msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
-#~ msgstr "无法为对象 '%s' 的 'show' 关闭管�"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1045 git-add--interactive.perl:1048
+msgid ""
+"If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be\n"
+"marked for discarding."
+msgstr "如果补�能干净地应用，编辑�将立�标记为丢弃。"
 
-#~ msgid " 0 files changed"
-#~ msgstr " 0 个文件被修改"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1085
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for writing: %s"
+msgstr "无法写入�编辑文件：%s"
 
-#~ msgid " %d file changed"
-#~ msgid_plural " %d files changed"
-#~ msgstr[0] " %d 个文件被修改"
-#~ msgstr[1] " %d 个文件被修改"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1086
+msgid "Manual hunk edit mode -- see bottom for a quick guide.\n"
+msgstr "手动�编辑模� -- 查看底部的快速指�。\n"
 
-#~ msgid ", %d insertion(+)"
-#~ msgid_plural ", %d insertions(+)"
-#~ msgstr[0] "，�入 %d 行(+)"
-#~ msgstr[1] "，�入 %d 行(+)"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1092
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"---\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).\n"
+"To remove '%s' lines, delete them.\n"
+"Lines starting with %s will be removed.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"---\n"
+"�删除 '%s' 开始的行，使其�为 ' ' 开始的行（上下文）。\n"
+"�删除 '%s' 开始的行，删除它们。\n"
+"以 %s 开始的行将被删除。\n"
 
-#~ msgid ", %d deletion(-)"
-#~ msgid_plural ", %d deletions(-)"
-#~ msgstr[0] "，删除 %d 行(-)"
-#~ msgstr[1] "，删除 %d 行(-)"
+#. TRANSLATORS: 'it' refers to the patch mentioned in the previous messages.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1100
+msgid ""
+"If it does not apply cleanly, you will be given an opportunity to\n"
+"edit again.  If all lines of the hunk are removed, then the edit is\n"
+"aborted and the hunk is left unchanged.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"如果�能干净地应用，您将有机会�新编辑。如果该�的全部内容删除，则\n"
+"此次编辑被终止，该��会被修改。\n"
 
-#~ msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
-#~ msgstr "您没有一个有效的 HEAD"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1114
+#, perl-format
+msgid "failed to open hunk edit file for reading: %s"
+msgstr "无法读��编辑文件：%s"
 
-#~ msgid "oops"
-#~ msgstr "å“Žå“Ÿ"
+#. TRANSLATORS: do not translate [y/n]
+#. The program will only accept that input
+#. at this point.
+#. Consider translating (saying "no" discards!) as
+#. (saying "n" for "no" discards!) if the translation
+#. of the word "no" does not start with n.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1213
+msgid ""
+"Your edited hunk does not apply. Edit again (saying \"no\" discards!) [y/n]? "
+msgstr "您的编辑��能被应用。�新编辑（选择 \"no\" 丢弃�） [y/n]? "
 
-#~ msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
-#~ msgstr "�会删除 %s\n"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1222
+msgid ""
+"y - stage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - 暂存该�\n"
+"n - ��暂存该�\n"
+"q - 退出。�暂存该����的全部�\n"
+"a - 暂存该�和本文件中��的全部�\n"
+"d - �暂存该�和本文件中��的全部�"
 
-#~ msgid "Not removing %s\n"
-#~ msgstr "未删除 %s\n"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1228
+msgid ""
+"y - stash this hunk\n"
+"n - do not stash this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not stash this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - stash this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not stash this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - 贮�该�\n"
+"n - ��贮�该�\n"
+"q - 退出。�贮�该����的全部�\n"
+"a - 贮�该�和本文件中��的全部�\n"
+"d - �贮�该�和本文件中��的全部�"
 
-#~ msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>])"
-#~ msgstr "git remote set-head <�称> (-a | -d | <分支>])"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1234
+msgid ""
+"y - unstage this hunk\n"
+"n - do not unstage this hunk\n"
+"q - quit; do not unstage this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - unstage this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not unstage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - �暂存该�\n"
+"n - ���暂存该�\n"
+"q - 退出。���暂存该����的全部�\n"
+"a - �暂存该�和本文件中��的全部�\n"
+"d - ���暂存该�和本文件中��的全部�"
 
-#~ msgid "Could not read index"
-#~ msgstr "�能读�索引"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1240
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - 在索引中应用该�\n"
+"n - ��在索引中应用该�\n"
+"q - 退出。��应用该����的全部�\n"
+"a - 应用该�和本文件中��的全部�\n"
+"d - ��应用该�和本文件中��的全部�"
 
-#  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
-#~ msgid " (use \"git add\" to track)"
-#~ msgstr "（使用 \"git add\" 建立跟踪）"
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1246
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - 在工作区中丢弃该�\n"
+"n - ��在工作区中丢弃该�\n"
+"q - 退出。��丢弃该����的全部�\n"
+"a - 丢弃该�和本文件中��的全部�\n"
+"d - ��丢弃该�和本文件中��的全部�"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1252
+msgid ""
+"y - discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not discard this hunk from index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not discard this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - discard this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not discard this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - 在索引和工作区中丢弃该�\n"
+"n - ��在索引和工作区中丢弃该�\n"
+"q - 退出。��丢弃该����的全部�\n"
+"a - 丢弃该�和本文件中��的全部�\n"
+"d - ��丢弃该�和本文件中��的全部�"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1258
+msgid ""
+"y - apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"n - do not apply this hunk to index and worktree\n"
+"q - quit; do not apply this hunk or any of the remaining ones\n"
+"a - apply this hunk and all later hunks in the file\n"
+"d - do not apply this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file"
+msgstr ""
+"y - 在索引和工作区中应用该�\n"
+"n - ��在索引和工作区中应用该�\n"
+"q - 退出。��应用该����的全部�\n"
+"a - 应用该�和本文件中��的全部�\n"
+"d - ��应用该�和本文件中��的全部�"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1273
+msgid ""
+"g - select a hunk to go to\n"
+"/ - search for a hunk matching the given regex\n"
+"j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk\n"
+"J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk\n"
+"k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk\n"
+"K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk\n"
+"s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks\n"
+"e - manually edit the current hunk\n"
+"? - print help\n"
+msgstr ""
+"g - 选择跳转到一个�\n"
+"/ - 查找和给定正则表达�匹�的�\n"
+"j - 维�该�未决状�，查看下一个未决�\n"
+"J - 维�该�未决状�，查看下一个�\n"
+"k - 维�该�未决状�，查看上一个未决�\n"
+"K - 维�该�未决状�，查看上一个�\n"
+"s - 拆分当��为更�的�\n"
+"e - 手动编辑当��\n"
+"? - 显示帮助\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1304
+msgid "The selected hunks do not apply to the index!\n"
+msgstr "选中的��能应用到索引�\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1305
+msgid "Apply them to the worktree anyway? "
+msgstr "无论如何都�应用到工作区么？"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1308
+msgid "Nothing was applied.\n"
+msgstr "未应用。\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1319
+#, perl-format
+msgid "ignoring unmerged: %s\n"
+msgstr "忽略未�入的：%s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1328
+msgid "Only binary files changed.\n"
+msgstr "�有二进制文件被修改。\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1330
+msgid "No changes.\n"
+msgstr "没有修改。\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1338
+msgid "Patch update"
+msgstr "补�更新"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1390
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "暂存模��更 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1391
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "暂存删除动作 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1392
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "暂存该� [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1395
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "贮�模��更 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1396
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "贮�删除动作 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1397
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Stash this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "贮�该� [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1400
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage mode change [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "�消暂存模��更 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1401
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage deletion [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "�消暂存删除动作 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1402
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unstage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "�消暂存该� [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1405
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "将模��更应用到索引 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1406
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "将删除应用到索引 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1407
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "将该�应用到索引 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1410
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "从工作区中丢弃模��更 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1411
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "从工作区中丢弃删除动作 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1412
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "从工作区中丢弃该� [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1415
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard mode change from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "从索引和工作区中丢弃模��更 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1416
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard deletion from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "从索引和工作区中丢弃删除 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1417
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Discard this hunk from index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "从索引和工作区中丢弃该� [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1420
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply mode change to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "将模��更应用到索引和工作区 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1421
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply deletion to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "将删除应用到索引和工作区 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1422
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Apply this hunk to index and worktree [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+msgstr "将该�应用到索引和工作区 [y,n,q,a,d%s,?]? "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1522
+msgid "No other hunks to goto\n"
+msgstr "没有其它�供跳转的�\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1529
+msgid "go to which hunk (<ret> to see more)? "
+msgstr "跳转到哪个�（<回车> 查看更多）？ "
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1531
+msgid "go to which hunk? "
+msgstr "跳转到哪个�？"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1540
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Invalid number: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "无效数字：'%s'\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1545
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sorry, only %d hunk available.\n"
+msgid_plural "Sorry, only %d hunks available.\n"
+msgstr[0] "对�起，�有 %d 个�用�。\n"
+msgstr[1] "对�起，�有 %d 个�用�。\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1571
+msgid "No other hunks to search\n"
+msgstr "没有其它�供查找的�\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1575
+msgid "search for regex? "
+msgstr "使用正则表达��索？"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1588
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Malformed search regexp %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "错误的正则表达� %s：%s\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1598
+msgid "No hunk matches the given pattern\n"
+msgstr "没有和给定模�相匹�的快\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1610 git-add--interactive.perl:1632
+msgid "No previous hunk\n"
+msgstr "没有�一个�\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1619 git-add--interactive.perl:1638
+msgid "No next hunk\n"
+msgstr "没有下一个�\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1644
+msgid "Sorry, cannot split this hunk\n"
+msgstr "对�起，�能拆分这个�\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1650
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Split into %d hunk.\n"
+msgid_plural "Split into %d hunks.\n"
+msgstr[0] "拆分为 %d �。\n"
+msgstr[1] "拆分为 %d �。\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1660
+msgid "Sorry, cannot edit this hunk\n"
+msgstr "对�起，�能编辑这个�\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1706
+msgid "Review diff"
+msgstr "检视 diff"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please do not translate the command names
+#. 'status', 'update', 'revert', etc.
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1725
+msgid ""
+"status        - show paths with changes\n"
+"update        - add working tree state to the staged set of changes\n"
+"revert        - revert staged set of changes back to the HEAD version\n"
+"patch         - pick hunks and update selectively\n"
+"diff          - view diff between HEAD and index\n"
+"add untracked - add contents of untracked files to the staged set of "
+"changes\n"
+msgstr ""
+"status        - 显示��更的路径\n"
+"update        - 添加工作区状�至暂存列表\n"
+"revert        - 还原修改的暂存集至 HEAD 版本\n"
+"patch         - 挑选�并且有选择地更新\n"
+"diff          - 显示 HEAD 和索引间差异\n"
+"add untracked - 添加未跟踪文件的内容至暂存列表\n"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1742 git-add--interactive.perl:1747
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1750 git-add--interactive.perl:1757
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1761 git-add--interactive.perl:1767
+msgid "missing --"
+msgstr "缺失 --"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1763
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unknown --patch mode: %s"
+msgstr "未知的 --patch 模�：%s"
+
+#: git-add--interactive.perl:1769 git-add--interactive.perl:1775
+#, perl-format
+msgid "invalid argument %s, expecting --"
+msgstr "无效的�数 %s，期望是 --"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:130
+msgid "local zone differs from GMT by a non-minute interval\n"
+msgstr "本地时间和 GMT 有�到一分钟间隔\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:137 git-send-email.perl:143
+msgid "local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n"
+msgstr "本地时间�移�大于等于 24 �时\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:211 git-send-email.perl:217
+msgid "the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything"
+msgstr "编辑器�正常退出，终止所有�作"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:294
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' contains an intermediate version of the email you were composing.\n"
+msgstr "'%s' 包�您正在编写的一个中间版本的邮件。\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:299
+#, perl-format
+msgid "'%s.final' contains the composed email.\n"
+msgstr "'%s.final' 包�编辑的邮件。\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:317
+msgid "--dump-aliases incompatible with other options\n"
+msgstr "--dump-aliases 和其它选项�兼容\n"
 
-#~ msgid "--detach cannot be used with -b/-B/--orphan"
-#~ msgstr "--detach �能和 -b/-B/--orphan �时使用"
+#: git-send-email.perl:383 git-send-email.perl:638
+msgid "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+msgstr "�能在仓库之外�行 git format-patch\n"
 
-#~ msgid "--detach cannot be used with -t"
-#~ msgstr "--detach �能和 -t �时使用"
+#: git-send-email.perl:386
+msgid ""
+"`batch-size` and `relogin` must be specified together (via command-line or "
+"configuration option)\n"
+msgstr "`batch-size` 和 `relogin` 必须�时定义（通过命令行或者�置选项）\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:456
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --suppress-cc field: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "未知的 --suppress-cc 字段：'%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:485
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Unknown --confirm setting: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "未知的 --confirm 设置：'%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:513
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail alias with quotes is not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "警告：�支�带引�的 sendmail 别�：%s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:515
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `:include:` not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "警告：�支� `:include:`：%s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:517
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: `/file` or `|pipe` redirection not supported: %s\n"
+msgstr "警告：�支� `/file` 或 `|pipe` �定�：%s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:522
+#, perl-format
+msgid "warning: sendmail line is not recognized: %s\n"
+msgstr "警告：�能识别的 sendmail 行：%s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:604
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"File '%s' exists but it could also be the range of commits\n"
+"to produce patches for.  Please disambiguate by...\n"
+"\n"
+"    * Saying \"./%s\" if you mean a file; or\n"
+"    * Giving --format-patch option if you mean a range.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"存在文件 '%s' 但是它也�能是一个用于产生补�列表的�交范围。请用如下方法消除"
+"歧义：\n"
+"\n"
+"    * 如果�义为一个文件，使用 \"./%s\"，或者\n"
+"    * 如果�义为一个范围，使用 --format-patch 选项。\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:625
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to opendir %s: %s"
+msgstr "无法打开目录 %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:649
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"fatal: %s: %s\n"
+"warning: no patches were sent\n"
+msgstr ""
+"严�：%s：%s\n"
+"警告：补�未能��\n"
 
-#~ msgid "--orphan and -b|-B are mutually exclusive"
-#~ msgstr "--orphan 和 -b|-B 互斥"
+#: git-send-email.perl:660
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"No patch files specified!\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"未指定补�文件�\n"
+"\n"
 
-#~ msgid "--orphan cannot be used with -t"
-#~ msgstr "--orphan �能和 -t �时使用"
+#: git-send-email.perl:673
+#, perl-format
+msgid "No subject line in %s?"
+msgstr "在 %s 中没有标题行？"
 
-#~ msgid "git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible"
-#~ msgstr "git checkout：-f 和 -m �兼容"
+#: git-send-email.perl:683
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open for writing %s: %s"
+msgstr "无法写入 %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:694
+msgid ""
+"Lines beginning in \"GIT:\" will be removed.\n"
+"Consider including an overall diffstat or table of contents\n"
+"for the patch you are writing.\n"
+"\n"
+"Clear the body content if you don't wish to send a summary.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"以 \"GIT:\" 开头的行将被删除。\n"
+"考虑包�一个整体的 diffstat 或者您正在写的补�的目录。\n"
+"\n"
+"如果您�想��摘�，清除内容。\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:718
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s: %s"
+msgstr "无法打开 %s: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:735
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to open %s.final: %s"
+msgstr "无法打开 %s.final: %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:778
+msgid "Summary email is empty, skipping it\n"
+msgstr "摘�邮件为空，跳过\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep [y/N] as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:813
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to use <%s> [y/N]? "
+msgstr "您确认�使用 <%s> [y/N]？"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:868
+msgid ""
+"The following files are 8bit, but do not declare a Content-Transfer-"
+"Encoding.\n"
+msgstr "如下文件� 8bit 内容，但没有声明一个 Content-Transfer-Encoding。\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:873
+msgid "Which 8bit encoding should I declare [UTF-8]? "
+msgstr "�声明 8bit 为什么样的编�格� [UTF-8]？"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:881
+#, perl-format
+msgid ""
+"Refusing to send because the patch\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"has the template subject '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. Pass --force if you really "
+"want to send.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"拒���，因为补�\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"包�模版标题 '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'。如果确实想���，使用�数 --force。\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:900
+msgid "To whom should the emails be sent (if anyone)?"
+msgstr "邮件将���给�？"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:918
+#, perl-format
+msgid "fatal: alias '%s' expands to itself\n"
+msgstr "严�：别� '%s' 扩展为它自己\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:930
+msgid "Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email (if any)? "
+msgstr "Message-ID 被用作第一�邮件的 In-Reply-To ？"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:988 git-send-email.perl:996
+#, perl-format
+msgid "error: unable to extract a valid address from: %s\n"
+msgstr "错误：�能从 %s 中��一个有效的邮件地�\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [q] [d] [e] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1000
+msgid "What to do with this address? ([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit): "
+msgstr "如何处�这个地�？([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit)："
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1317
+#, perl-format
+msgid "CA path \"%s\" does not exist"
+msgstr "CA 路径 \"%s\" �存在"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1400
+msgid ""
+"    The Cc list above has been expanded by additional\n"
+"    addresses found in the patch commit message. By default\n"
+"    send-email prompts before sending whenever this occurs.\n"
+"    This behavior is controlled by the sendemail.confirm\n"
+"    configuration setting.\n"
+"\n"
+"    For additional information, run 'git send-email --help'.\n"
+"    To retain the current behavior, but squelch this message,\n"
+"    run 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"    以上的抄�列表（Cc）已�用补��交信�中�现的地�进行\n"
+"    了扩展。缺� send-email 会给出�示。这个行为�以通过\n"
+"    sendemail.confirm �置设置。\n"
+"\n"
+"    更多信�，执行 'git send-email --help'。\n"
+"    ���当�行为，但�显示此信�，�行 'git config --global\n"
+"    sendemail.confirm auto'。\n"
+"\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y] [n] [e] [q] [a] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1415
+msgid "Send this email? ([y]es|[n]o|[e]dit|[q]uit|[a]ll): "
+msgstr "��这�邮件？([y]es|[n]o|[e]dit|[q]uit|[a]ll): "
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1418
+msgid "Send this email reply required"
+msgstr "���求的邮件回�"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1446
+msgid "The required SMTP server is not properly defined."
+msgstr "�求的 SMTP �务器未被正确定义。"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1493
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Server does not support STARTTLS! %s"
+msgstr "�务器�支� STARTTLS�%s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1498 git-send-email.perl:1502
+#, perl-format
+msgid "STARTTLS failed! %s"
+msgstr "STARTTLS 失败�%s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1512
+msgid "Unable to initialize SMTP properly. Check config and use --smtp-debug."
+msgstr "无法正确地�始化 SMTP。检查�置并使用 --smtp-debug。"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1530
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Failed to send %s\n"
+msgstr "无法�� %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Dry-Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "演习�� %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1533
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Sent %s\n"
+msgstr "正�� %s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1535
+msgid "Dry-OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "演习�功。日志说：\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1535
+msgid "OK. Log says:\n"
+msgstr "OK。日志说：\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1547
+msgid "Result: "
+msgstr "结果："
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1550
+msgid "Result: OK\n"
+msgstr "结果：OK\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1568
+#, perl-format
+msgid "can't open file %s"
+msgstr "无法打开文件 %s"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1615 git-send-email.perl:1635
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) 添加 cc：%s 自行 '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1621
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(mbox) Adding to: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(mbox) 添加 to：%s 自行 '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1674
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(non-mbox) 添加 cc：%s 自行 '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1699
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(body) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(body) 添加 cc: %s 自行 '%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1817
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Could not execute '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) �能执行 '%s'"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1824
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) Adding %s: %s from: '%s'\n"
+msgstr "(%s) 添加 %s: %s 自：'%s'\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1828
+#, perl-format
+msgid "(%s) failed to close pipe to '%s'"
+msgstr "(%s) 无法关闭管�至 '%s'"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1855
+msgid "cannot send message as 7bit"
+msgstr "�能以 7bit 形���信�"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1863
+msgid "invalid transfer encoding"
+msgstr "无效的传�编�"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1901 git-send-email.perl:1952 git-send-email.perl:1962
+#, perl-format
+msgid "unable to open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "�能打开 %s：%s\n"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1904
+#, perl-format
+msgid "%s: patch contains a line longer than 998 characters"
+msgstr "%s：补�包�一个超过 998 字符的行"
+
+#: git-send-email.perl:1920
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Skipping %s with backup suffix '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "略过 %s �备份�缀 '%s'。\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: please keep "[y|N]" as is.
+#: git-send-email.perl:1924
+#, perl-format
+msgid "Do you really want to send %s? [y|N]: "
+msgstr "您真的��� %s？[y|N]："
+
+#~ msgid "Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So"
+#~ msgstr "�一天 Git 常用的约 20 �命令"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+#~ msgstr "无法打开 '%s' 进行写入"
+
+#~ msgid "BUG: returned path string doesn't match cwd?"
+#~ msgstr "BUG：返回的路径和当�路径�匹�？"
+
+#~ msgid "Error in object"
+#~ msgstr "对象中出错"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "unexpected 1st line of squash message:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "�外的压缩�交首行�交信�：\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
 
 #~ msgid ""
-#~ "git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches."
-#~ msgstr "git checkout：更新路径和切�分支�兼容。"
+#~ "invalid 1st line of squash message:\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "压缩�交的首行�交信�无效：\n"
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "\t%.*s"
+
+#~ msgid "To/Cc/Bcc fields are not interpreted yet, they have been ignored\n"
+#~ msgstr "To/Cc/Bcc 字段�解�，它们被忽略\n"
+
+#~ msgid "git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+#~ msgstr "git fetch-pack：应为 ACK/NAK，�得到 EOF"
 
-#~ msgid "diff setup failed"
-#~ msgstr "diff 设置失败"
+#~ msgid "The copy of the patch that failed is found in: %s"
+#~ msgstr "失败的补�文件副本�于：%s"
 
-#~ msgid "merge-recursive: disk full?"
-#~ msgstr "merge-recursive：�盘已满？"
+#~ msgid "invalid filter-spec expression '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "无效的 filter-spec 表达� '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "pathspec and --all are incompatible"
+#~ msgstr "pathspec 和 --all �兼容"
+
+#~ msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$displaypath'"
+#~ msgstr "�模组 '$name' ($url) 未对路径 '$displaypath' 注册"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "empty strings as pathspecs will be made invalid in upcoming releases. "
+#~ "please use . instead if you meant to match all paths"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "在下一个版本中，使用空字符串作为路径规格将被视作�法。如果�匹�所有路"
+#~ "径，\n"
+#~ "请代之以 ."
+
+#~ msgid "unable to open '%s' for writing"
+#~ msgstr "无法以写入方�打开 '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "could not truncate '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "无法截断 '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "could not finish '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "无法结� '%s'"
+
+#~ msgid "could not close %s"
+#~ msgstr "�能关闭 %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Copied a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+#~ msgstr "已将错误命�的分支 '%s' �制"
+
+#~ msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
+#~ msgstr "手工创建 'HEAD' 没有�义"
+
+#~ msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
+#~ msgstr "�知�如何克隆 %s"
+
+#~ msgid "show ignored files"
+#~ msgstr "显示忽略的文件"
+
+#~ msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
+#~ msgstr "%s �是一个有效的 '%s' 对象"
+
+#~ msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
+#~ msgstr "�知�如何从 %s 获�"
+
+#~ msgid "'$term' is not a valid term"
+#~ msgstr "'$term' �是一个有效的�称"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
+#~ "       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "错误：'stash save' 的未知选项：$option\n"
+#~ "      ��供一个�述信�，使用 git stash save -- '$option'"
 
-#~ msgid "diff_setup_done failed"
-#~ msgstr "diff_setup_done 失败"
+#~ msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+#~ msgstr "无法递归进�模组路径 '$sm_path'"
diff --git a/ppc/sha1.h b/ppc/sha1.h
index c405f734c2..9b24b32615 100644
--- a/ppc/sha1.h
+++ b/ppc/sha1.h
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ int ppc_SHA1_Init(ppc_SHA_CTX *c);
 int ppc_SHA1_Update(ppc_SHA_CTX *c, const void *p, unsigned long n);
 int ppc_SHA1_Final(unsigned char *hash, ppc_SHA_CTX *c);
 
-#define git_SHA_CTX	ppc_SHA_CTX
-#define git_SHA1_Init	ppc_SHA1_Init
-#define git_SHA1_Update	ppc_SHA1_Update
-#define git_SHA1_Final	ppc_SHA1_Final
+#define platform_SHA_CTX	ppc_SHA_CTX
+#define platform_SHA1_Init	ppc_SHA1_Init
+#define platform_SHA1_Update	ppc_SHA1_Update
+#define platform_SHA1_Final	ppc_SHA1_Final
diff --git a/preload-index.c b/preload-index.c
index c1fe3a3ef9..71cd2437a3 100644
--- a/preload-index.c
+++ b/preload-index.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "pathspec.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "fsmonitor.h"
 
 #ifdef NO_PTHREADS
 static void preload_index(struct index_state *index,
@@ -53,15 +54,20 @@ static void *preload_thread(void *_data)
 			continue;
 		if (ce_uptodate(ce))
 			continue;
-		if (!ce_path_match(ce, &p->pathspec, NULL))
+		if (ce_skip_worktree(ce))
+			continue;
+		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_FSMONITOR_VALID)
+			continue;
+		if (!ce_path_match(index, ce, &p->pathspec, NULL))
 			continue;
 		if (threaded_has_symlink_leading_path(&cache, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce)))
 			continue;
 		if (lstat(ce->name, &st))
 			continue;
-		if (ie_match_stat(index, ce, &st, CE_MATCH_RACY_IS_DIRTY))
+		if (ie_match_stat(index, ce, &st, CE_MATCH_RACY_IS_DIRTY|CE_MATCH_IGNORE_FSMONITOR))
 			continue;
 		ce_mark_uptodate(ce);
+		mark_fsmonitor_valid(ce);
 	} while (--nr > 0);
 	cache_def_clear(&cache);
 	return NULL;
@@ -72,11 +78,14 @@ static void preload_index(struct index_state *index,
 {
 	int threads, i, work, offset;
 	struct thread_data data[MAX_PARALLEL];
+	uint64_t start = getnanotime();
 
 	if (!core_preload_index)
 		return;
 
 	threads = index->cache_nr / THREAD_COST;
+	if ((index->cache_nr > 1) && (threads < 2) && getenv("GIT_FORCE_PRELOAD_TEST"))
+		threads = 2;
 	if (threads < 2)
 		return;
 	if (threads > MAX_PARALLEL)
@@ -100,6 +109,7 @@ static void preload_index(struct index_state *index,
 		if (pthread_join(p->pthread, NULL))
 			die("unable to join threaded lstat");
 	}
+	trace_performance_since(start, "preload index");
 }
 #endif
 
diff --git a/pretty.c b/pretty.c
index 7b49304181..98cf5228f9 100644
--- a/pretty.c
+++ b/pretty.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
 #include "diff.h"
@@ -10,12 +11,14 @@
 #include "color.h"
 #include "reflog-walk.h"
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
+#include "trailer.h"
 
 static char *user_format;
 static struct cmt_fmt_map {
 	const char *name;
 	enum cmit_fmt format;
 	int is_tformat;
+	int expand_tabs_in_log;
 	int is_alias;
 	const char *user_format;
 } *commit_formats;
@@ -87,13 +90,14 @@ static int git_pretty_formats_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *c
 static void setup_commit_formats(void)
 {
 	struct cmt_fmt_map builtin_formats[] = {
-		{ "raw",	CMIT_FMT_RAW,		0 },
-		{ "medium",	CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM,	0 },
-		{ "short",	CMIT_FMT_SHORT,		0 },
-		{ "email",	CMIT_FMT_EMAIL,		0 },
-		{ "fuller",	CMIT_FMT_FULLER,	0 },
-		{ "full",	CMIT_FMT_FULL,		0 },
-		{ "oneline",	CMIT_FMT_ONELINE,	1 }
+		{ "raw",	CMIT_FMT_RAW,		0,	0 },
+		{ "medium",	CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM,	0,	8 },
+		{ "short",	CMIT_FMT_SHORT,		0,	0 },
+		{ "email",	CMIT_FMT_EMAIL,		0,	0 },
+		{ "mboxrd",	CMIT_FMT_MBOXRD,	0,	0 },
+		{ "fuller",	CMIT_FMT_FULLER,	0,	8 },
+		{ "full",	CMIT_FMT_FULL,		0,	8 },
+		{ "oneline",	CMIT_FMT_ONELINE,	1,	0 }
 	};
 	commit_formats_len = ARRAY_SIZE(builtin_formats);
 	builtin_formats_len = commit_formats_len;
@@ -172,6 +176,7 @@ void get_commit_format(const char *arg, struct rev_info *rev)
 
 	rev->commit_format = commit_format->format;
 	rev->use_terminator = commit_format->is_tformat;
+	rev->expand_tabs_in_log_default = commit_format->expand_tabs_in_log;
 	if (commit_format->format == CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT) {
 		save_user_format(rev, commit_format->user_format,
 				 commit_format->is_tformat);
@@ -399,13 +404,13 @@ static void add_rfc2047(struct strbuf *sb, const char *line, size_t len,
 }
 
 const char *show_ident_date(const struct ident_split *ident,
-			    enum date_mode mode)
+			    const struct date_mode *mode)
 {
-	unsigned long date = 0;
+	timestamp_t date = 0;
 	long tz = 0;
 
 	if (ident->date_begin && ident->date_end)
-		date = strtoul(ident->date_begin, NULL, 10);
+		date = parse_timestamp(ident->date_begin, NULL, 10);
 	if (date_overflows(date))
 		date = 0;
 	else {
@@ -442,7 +447,7 @@ void pp_user_info(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 	if (pp->mailmap)
 		map_user(pp->mailmap, &mailbuf, &maillen, &namebuf, &namelen);
 
-	if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) {
+	if (cmit_fmt_is_mail(pp->fmt)) {
 		if (pp->from_ident && ident_cmp(pp->from_ident, &ident)) {
 			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
@@ -489,15 +494,16 @@ void pp_user_info(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 	switch (pp->fmt) {
 	case CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM:
 		strbuf_addf(sb, "Date:   %s\n",
-			    show_ident_date(&ident, pp->date_mode));
+			    show_ident_date(&ident, &pp->date_mode));
 		break;
 	case CMIT_FMT_EMAIL:
+	case CMIT_FMT_MBOXRD:
 		strbuf_addf(sb, "Date: %s\n",
-			    show_ident_date(&ident, DATE_RFC2822));
+			    show_ident_date(&ident, DATE_MODE(RFC2822)));
 		break;
 	case CMIT_FMT_FULLER:
 		strbuf_addf(sb, "%sDate: %s\n", what,
-			    show_ident_date(&ident, pp->date_mode));
+			    show_ident_date(&ident, &pp->date_mode));
 		break;
 	default:
 		/* notin' */
@@ -505,7 +511,7 @@ void pp_user_info(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 	}
 }
 
-static int is_empty_line(const char *line, int *len_p)
+static int is_blank_line(const char *line, int *len_p)
 {
 	int len = *len_p;
 	while (len && isspace(line[len - 1]))
@@ -514,14 +520,14 @@ static int is_empty_line(const char *line, int *len_p)
 	return !len;
 }
 
-static const char *skip_empty_lines(const char *msg)
+const char *skip_blank_lines(const char *msg)
 {
 	for (;;) {
 		int linelen = get_one_line(msg);
 		int ll = linelen;
 		if (!linelen)
 			break;
-		if (!is_empty_line(msg, &ll))
+		if (!is_blank_line(msg, &ll))
 			break;
 		msg += linelen;
 	}
@@ -533,22 +539,20 @@ static void add_merge_info(const struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 {
 	struct commit_list *parent = commit->parents;
 
-	if ((pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE) || (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) ||
+	if ((pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE) || (cmit_fmt_is_mail(pp->fmt)) ||
 	    !parent || !parent->next)
 		return;
 
 	strbuf_addstr(sb, "Merge:");
 
 	while (parent) {
-		struct commit *p = parent->item;
-		const char *hex = NULL;
+		struct object_id *oidp = &parent->item->object.oid;
+		strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
 		if (pp->abbrev)
-			hex = find_unique_abbrev(p->object.sha1, pp->abbrev);
-		if (!hex)
-			hex = sha1_to_hex(p->object.sha1);
+			strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(sb, oidp, pp->abbrev);
+		else
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, oid_to_hex(oidp));
 		parent = parent->next;
-
-		strbuf_addf(sb, " %s", hex);
 	}
 	strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 }
@@ -626,7 +630,7 @@ const char *logmsg_reencode(const struct commit *commit,
 		 * the cached copy from get_commit_buffer, we need to duplicate it
 		 * to avoid munging the cached copy.
 		 */
-		if (msg == get_cached_commit_buffer(commit, NULL))
+		if (msg == get_cached_commit_buffer(the_repository, commit, NULL))
 			out = xstrdup(msg);
 		else
 			out = (char *)msg;
@@ -671,7 +675,8 @@ static int mailmap_name(const char **email, size_t *email_len,
 }
 
 static size_t format_person_part(struct strbuf *sb, char part,
-				 const char *msg, int len, enum date_mode dmode)
+				 const char *msg, int len,
+				 const struct date_mode *dmode)
 {
 	/* currently all placeholders have same length */
 	const int placeholder_len = 2;
@@ -711,16 +716,16 @@ static size_t format_person_part(struct strbuf *sb, char part,
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_ident_date(&s, dmode));
 		return placeholder_len;
 	case 'D':	/* date, RFC2822 style */
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_ident_date(&s, DATE_RFC2822));
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_ident_date(&s, DATE_MODE(RFC2822)));
 		return placeholder_len;
 	case 'r':	/* date, relative */
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_ident_date(&s, DATE_RELATIVE));
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_ident_date(&s, DATE_MODE(RELATIVE)));
 		return placeholder_len;
 	case 'i':	/* date, ISO 8601-like */
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_ident_date(&s, DATE_ISO8601));
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_ident_date(&s, DATE_MODE(ISO8601)));
 		return placeholder_len;
 	case 'I':	/* date, ISO 8601 strict */
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_ident_date(&s, DATE_ISO8601_STRICT));
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_ident_date(&s, DATE_MODE(ISO8601_STRICT)));
 		return placeholder_len;
 	}
 
@@ -779,29 +784,9 @@ struct format_commit_context {
 	size_t body_off;
 
 	/* The following ones are relative to the result struct strbuf. */
-	struct chunk abbrev_commit_hash;
-	struct chunk abbrev_tree_hash;
-	struct chunk abbrev_parent_hashes;
 	size_t wrap_start;
 };
 
-static int add_again(struct strbuf *sb, struct chunk *chunk)
-{
-	if (chunk->len) {
-		strbuf_adddup(sb, chunk->off, chunk->len);
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * We haven't seen this chunk before.  Our caller is surely
-	 * going to add it the hard way now.  Remember the most likely
-	 * start of the to-be-added chunk: the current end of the
-	 * struct strbuf.
-	 */
-	chunk->off = sb->len;
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static void parse_commit_header(struct format_commit_context *context)
 {
 	const char *msg = context->message;
@@ -872,7 +857,7 @@ const char *format_subject(struct strbuf *sb, const char *msg,
 		int linelen = get_one_line(line);
 
 		msg += linelen;
-		if (!linelen || is_empty_line(line, &linelen))
+		if (!linelen || is_blank_line(line, &linelen))
 			break;
 
 		if (!sb)
@@ -891,11 +876,11 @@ static void parse_commit_message(struct format_commit_context *c)
 	const char *msg = c->message + c->message_off;
 	const char *start = c->message;
 
-	msg = skip_empty_lines(msg);
+	msg = skip_blank_lines(msg);
 	c->subject_off = msg - start;
 
 	msg = format_subject(NULL, msg, NULL);
-	msg = skip_empty_lines(msg);
+	msg = skip_blank_lines(msg);
 	c->body_off = msg - start;
 
 	c->commit_message_parsed = 1;
@@ -933,7 +918,7 @@ static void rewrap_message_tail(struct strbuf *sb,
 static int format_reflog_person(struct strbuf *sb,
 				char part,
 				struct reflog_walk_info *log,
-				enum date_mode dmode)
+				const struct date_mode *dmode)
 {
 	const char *ident;
 
@@ -952,6 +937,7 @@ static size_t parse_color(struct strbuf *sb, /* in UTF-8 */
 			  struct format_commit_context *c)
 {
 	const char *rest = placeholder;
+	const char *basic_color = NULL;
 
 	if (placeholder[1] == '(') {
 		const char *begin = placeholder + 2;
@@ -960,23 +946,41 @@ static size_t parse_color(struct strbuf *sb, /* in UTF-8 */
 
 		if (!end)
 			return 0;
+
 		if (skip_prefix(begin, "auto,", &begin)) {
 			if (!want_color(c->pretty_ctx->color))
 				return end - placeholder + 1;
+		} else if (skip_prefix(begin, "always,", &begin)) {
+			/* nothing to do; we do not respect want_color at all */
+		} else {
+			/* the default is the same as "auto" */
+			if (!want_color(c->pretty_ctx->color))
+				return end - placeholder + 1;
 		}
+
 		if (color_parse_mem(begin, end - begin, color) < 0)
 			die(_("unable to parse --pretty format"));
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, color);
 		return end - placeholder + 1;
 	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We handle things like "%C(red)" above; for historical reasons, there
+	 * are a few colors that can be specified without parentheses (and
+	 * they cannot support things like "auto" or "always" at all).
+	 */
 	if (skip_prefix(placeholder + 1, "red", &rest))
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_RED);
+		basic_color = GIT_COLOR_RED;
 	else if (skip_prefix(placeholder + 1, "green", &rest))
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_GREEN);
+		basic_color = GIT_COLOR_GREEN;
 	else if (skip_prefix(placeholder + 1, "blue", &rest))
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_BLUE);
+		basic_color = GIT_COLOR_BLUE;
 	else if (skip_prefix(placeholder + 1, "reset", &rest))
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_RESET);
+		basic_color = GIT_COLOR_RESET;
+
+	if (basic_color && want_color(c->pretty_ctx->color))
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, basic_color);
+
 	return rest - placeholder;
 }
 
@@ -1019,9 +1023,15 @@ static size_t parse_padding_placeholder(struct strbuf *sb,
 		int width;
 		if (!end || end == start)
 			return 0;
-		width = strtoul(start, &next, 10);
+		width = strtol(start, &next, 10);
 		if (next == start || width == 0)
 			return 0;
+		if (width < 0) {
+			if (to_column)
+				width += term_columns();
+			if (width < 0)
+				return 0;
+		}
 		c->padding = to_column ? -width : width;
 		c->flush_type = flush_type;
 
@@ -1046,6 +1056,24 @@ static size_t parse_padding_placeholder(struct strbuf *sb,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int match_placeholder_arg(const char *to_parse, const char *candidate,
+				 const char **end)
+{
+	const char *p;
+
+	if (!(skip_prefix(to_parse, candidate, &p)))
+		return 0;
+	if (*p == ',') {
+		*end = p + 1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (*p == ')') {
+		*end = p;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, /* in UTF-8 */
 				const char *placeholder,
 				void *context)
@@ -1054,13 +1082,16 @@ static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, /* in UTF-8 */
 	const struct commit *commit = c->commit;
 	const char *msg = c->message;
 	struct commit_list *p;
-	int h1, h2;
+	const char *arg;
+	int ch;
 
 	/* these are independent of the commit */
 	switch (placeholder[0]) {
 	case 'C':
 		if (starts_with(placeholder + 1, "(auto)")) {
-			c->auto_color = 1;
+			c->auto_color = want_color(c->pretty_ctx->color);
+			if (c->auto_color && sb->len)
+				strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_RESET);
 			return 7; /* consumed 7 bytes, "C(auto)" */
 		} else {
 			int ret = parse_color(sb, placeholder, c);
@@ -1078,14 +1109,11 @@ static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, /* in UTF-8 */
 		return 1;
 	case 'x':
 		/* %x00 == NUL, %x0a == LF, etc. */
-		if (0 <= (h1 = hexval_table[0xff & placeholder[1]]) &&
-		    h1 <= 16 &&
-		    0 <= (h2 = hexval_table[0xff & placeholder[2]]) &&
-		    h2 <= 16) {
-			strbuf_addch(sb, (h1<<4)|h2);
-			return 3;
-		} else
+		ch = hex2chr(placeholder + 1);
+		if (ch < 0)
 			return 0;
+		strbuf_addch(sb, ch);
+		return 3;
 	case 'w':
 		if (placeholder[1] == '(') {
 			unsigned long width = 0, indent1 = 0, indent2 = 0;
@@ -1118,64 +1146,52 @@ static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, /* in UTF-8 */
 
 	/* these depend on the commit */
 	if (!commit->object.parsed)
-		parse_object(commit->object.sha1);
+		parse_object(the_repository, &commit->object.oid);
 
 	switch (placeholder[0]) {
 	case 'H':		/* commit hash */
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, diff_get_color(c->auto_color, DIFF_COMMIT));
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, diff_get_color(c->auto_color, DIFF_RESET));
 		return 1;
 	case 'h':		/* abbreviated commit hash */
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, diff_get_color(c->auto_color, DIFF_COMMIT));
-		if (add_again(sb, &c->abbrev_commit_hash)) {
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, diff_get_color(c->auto_color, DIFF_RESET));
-			return 1;
-		}
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1,
-						     c->pretty_ctx->abbrev));
+		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(sb, &commit->object.oid,
+					 c->pretty_ctx->abbrev);
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, diff_get_color(c->auto_color, DIFF_RESET));
-		c->abbrev_commit_hash.len = sb->len - c->abbrev_commit_hash.off;
 		return 1;
 	case 'T':		/* tree hash */
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, sha1_to_hex(commit->tree->object.sha1));
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, oid_to_hex(get_commit_tree_oid(commit)));
 		return 1;
 	case 't':		/* abbreviated tree hash */
-		if (add_again(sb, &c->abbrev_tree_hash))
-			return 1;
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, find_unique_abbrev(commit->tree->object.sha1,
-						     c->pretty_ctx->abbrev));
-		c->abbrev_tree_hash.len = sb->len - c->abbrev_tree_hash.off;
+		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(sb,
+					 get_commit_tree_oid(commit),
+					 c->pretty_ctx->abbrev);
 		return 1;
 	case 'P':		/* parent hashes */
 		for (p = commit->parents; p; p = p->next) {
 			if (p != commit->parents)
 				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, sha1_to_hex(p->item->object.sha1));
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, oid_to_hex(&p->item->object.oid));
 		}
 		return 1;
 	case 'p':		/* abbreviated parent hashes */
-		if (add_again(sb, &c->abbrev_parent_hashes))
-			return 1;
 		for (p = commit->parents; p; p = p->next) {
 			if (p != commit->parents)
 				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, find_unique_abbrev(
-					p->item->object.sha1,
-					c->pretty_ctx->abbrev));
+			strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(sb, &p->item->object.oid,
+						 c->pretty_ctx->abbrev);
 		}
-		c->abbrev_parent_hashes.len = sb->len -
-		                              c->abbrev_parent_hashes.off;
 		return 1;
 	case 'm':		/* left/right/bottom */
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, get_revision_mark(NULL, commit));
 		return 1;
 	case 'd':
-		load_ref_decorations(DECORATE_SHORT_REFS);
+		load_ref_decorations(NULL, DECORATE_SHORT_REFS);
 		format_decorations(sb, commit, c->auto_color);
 		return 1;
 	case 'D':
-		load_ref_decorations(DECORATE_SHORT_REFS);
+		load_ref_decorations(NULL, DECORATE_SHORT_REFS);
 		format_decorations_extended(sb, commit, c->auto_color, "", ", ", "");
 		return 1;
 	case 'g':		/* reflog info */
@@ -1185,7 +1201,7 @@ static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, /* in UTF-8 */
 			if (c->pretty_ctx->reflog_info)
 				get_reflog_selector(sb,
 						    c->pretty_ctx->reflog_info,
-						    c->pretty_ctx->date_mode,
+						    &c->pretty_ctx->date_mode,
 						    c->pretty_ctx->date_mode_explicit,
 						    (placeholder[1] == 'd'));
 			return 2;
@@ -1200,7 +1216,7 @@ static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, /* in UTF-8 */
 			return format_reflog_person(sb,
 						    placeholder[1],
 						    c->pretty_ctx->reflog_info,
-						    c->pretty_ctx->date_mode);
+						    &c->pretty_ctx->date_mode);
 		}
 		return 0;	/* unknown %g placeholder */
 	case 'N':
@@ -1223,8 +1239,12 @@ static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, /* in UTF-8 */
 			switch (c->signature_check.result) {
 			case 'G':
 			case 'B':
+			case 'E':
 			case 'U':
 			case 'N':
+			case 'X':
+			case 'Y':
+			case 'R':
 				strbuf_addch(sb, c->signature_check.result);
 			}
 			break;
@@ -1251,11 +1271,11 @@ static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, /* in UTF-8 */
 	case 'a':	/* author ... */
 		return format_person_part(sb, placeholder[1],
 				   msg + c->author.off, c->author.len,
-				   c->pretty_ctx->date_mode);
+				   &c->pretty_ctx->date_mode);
 	case 'c':	/* committer ... */
 		return format_person_part(sb, placeholder[1],
 				   msg + c->committer.off, c->committer.len,
-				   c->pretty_ctx->date_mode);
+				   &c->pretty_ctx->date_mode);
 	case 'e':	/* encoding */
 		if (c->commit_encoding)
 			strbuf_addstr(sb, c->commit_encoding);
@@ -1281,6 +1301,26 @@ static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, /* in UTF-8 */
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, msg + c->body_off);
 		return 1;
 	}
+
+	if (skip_prefix(placeholder, "(trailers", &arg)) {
+		struct process_trailer_options opts = PROCESS_TRAILER_OPTIONS_INIT;
+		if (*arg == ':') {
+			arg++;
+			for (;;) {
+				if (match_placeholder_arg(arg, "only", &arg))
+					opts.only_trailers = 1;
+				else if (match_placeholder_arg(arg, "unfold", &arg))
+					opts.unfold = 1;
+				else
+					break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (*arg == ')') {
+			format_trailers_from_commit(sb, msg + c->subject_off, &opts);
+			return arg - placeholder + 1;
+		}
+	}
+
 	return 0;	/* unknown placeholder */
 }
 
@@ -1296,6 +1336,7 @@ static size_t format_and_pad_commit(struct strbuf *sb, /* in UTF-8 */
 		if (!start)
 			start = sb->buf;
 		occupied = utf8_strnwidth(start, -1, 1);
+		occupied += c->pretty_ctx->graph_width;
 		padding = (-padding) - occupied;
 	}
 	while (1) {
@@ -1497,7 +1538,7 @@ void format_commit_message(const struct commit *commit,
 	}
 
 	if (output_enc) {
-		int outsz;
+		size_t outsz;
 		char *out = reencode_string_len(sb->buf, sb->len,
 						output_enc, utf8, &outsz);
 		if (out)
@@ -1534,7 +1575,7 @@ static void pp_header(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 		}
 
 		if (starts_with(line, "parent ")) {
-			if (linelen != 48)
+			if (linelen != the_hash_algo->hexsz + 8)
 				die("bad parent line in commit");
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -1542,7 +1583,7 @@ static void pp_header(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 		if (!parents_shown) {
 			unsigned num = commit_list_count(commit->parents);
 			/* with enough slop */
-			strbuf_grow(sb, num * 50 + 20);
+			strbuf_grow(sb, num * (GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 10) + 20);
 			add_merge_info(pp, sb, commit);
 			parents_shown = 1;
 		}
@@ -1578,8 +1619,9 @@ void pp_title_line(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 				pp->preserve_subject ? "\n" : " ");
 
 	strbuf_grow(sb, title.len + 1024);
-	if (pp->subject) {
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, pp->subject);
+	if (pp->print_email_subject) {
+		if (pp->rev)
+			fmt_output_email_subject(sb, pp->rev);
 		if (needs_rfc2047_encoding(title.buf, title.len, RFC2047_SUBJECT))
 			add_rfc2047(sb, title.buf, title.len,
 						encoding, RFC2047_SUBJECT);
@@ -1611,7 +1653,7 @@ void pp_title_line(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 	if (pp->after_subject) {
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, pp->after_subject);
 	}
-	if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) {
+	if (cmit_fmt_is_mail(pp->fmt)) {
 		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 	}
 
@@ -1628,6 +1670,82 @@ void pp_title_line(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 	strbuf_release(&title);
 }
 
+static int pp_utf8_width(const char *start, const char *end)
+{
+	int width = 0;
+	size_t remain = end - start;
+
+	while (remain) {
+		int n = utf8_width(&start, &remain);
+		if (n < 0 || !start)
+			return -1;
+		width += n;
+	}
+	return width;
+}
+
+static void strbuf_add_tabexpand(struct strbuf *sb, int tabwidth,
+				 const char *line, int linelen)
+{
+	const char *tab;
+
+	while ((tab = memchr(line, '\t', linelen)) != NULL) {
+		int width = pp_utf8_width(line, tab);
+
+		/*
+		 * If it wasn't well-formed utf8, or it
+		 * had characters with badly defined
+		 * width (control characters etc), just
+		 * give up on trying to align things.
+		 */
+		if (width < 0)
+			break;
+
+		/* Output the data .. */
+		strbuf_add(sb, line, tab - line);
+
+		/* .. and the de-tabified tab */
+		strbuf_addchars(sb, ' ', tabwidth - (width % tabwidth));
+
+		/* Skip over the printed part .. */
+		linelen -= tab + 1 - line;
+		line = tab + 1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Print out everything after the last tab without
+	 * worrying about width - there's nothing more to
+	 * align.
+	 */
+	strbuf_add(sb, line, linelen);
+}
+
+/*
+ * pp_handle_indent() prints out the intendation, and
+ * the whole line (without the final newline), after
+ * de-tabifying.
+ */
+static void pp_handle_indent(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
+			     struct strbuf *sb, int indent,
+			     const char *line, int linelen)
+{
+	strbuf_addchars(sb, ' ', indent);
+	if (pp->expand_tabs_in_log)
+		strbuf_add_tabexpand(sb, pp->expand_tabs_in_log, line, linelen);
+	else
+		strbuf_add(sb, line, linelen);
+}
+
+static int is_mboxrd_from(const char *line, int len)
+{
+	/*
+	 * a line matching /^From $/ here would only have len == 4
+	 * at this point because is_empty_line would've trimmed all
+	 * trailing space
+	 */
+	return len > 4 && starts_with(line + strspn(line, ">"), "From ");
+}
+
 void pp_remainder(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 		  const char **msg_p,
 		  struct strbuf *sb,
@@ -1642,7 +1760,7 @@ void pp_remainder(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 		if (!linelen)
 			break;
 
-		if (is_empty_line(line, &linelen)) {
+		if (is_blank_line(line, &linelen)) {
 			if (first)
 				continue;
 			if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_SHORT)
@@ -1652,8 +1770,17 @@ void pp_remainder(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 
 		strbuf_grow(sb, linelen + indent + 20);
 		if (indent)
-			strbuf_addchars(sb, ' ', indent);
-		strbuf_add(sb, line, linelen);
+			pp_handle_indent(pp, sb, indent, line, linelen);
+		else if (pp->expand_tabs_in_log)
+			strbuf_add_tabexpand(sb, pp->expand_tabs_in_log,
+					     line, linelen);
+		else {
+			if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_MBOXRD &&
+					is_mboxrd_from(line, linelen))
+				strbuf_addch(sb, '>');
+
+			strbuf_add(sb, line, linelen);
+		}
 		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 	}
 }
@@ -1677,14 +1804,14 @@ void pretty_print_commit(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 	encoding = get_log_output_encoding();
 	msg = reencoded = logmsg_reencode(commit, NULL, encoding);
 
-	if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE || pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL)
+	if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE || cmit_fmt_is_mail(pp->fmt))
 		indent = 0;
 
 	/*
 	 * We need to check and emit Content-type: to mark it
 	 * as 8-bit if we haven't done so.
 	 */
-	if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL && need_8bit_cte == 0) {
+	if (cmit_fmt_is_mail(pp->fmt) && need_8bit_cte == 0) {
 		int i, ch, in_body;
 
 		for (in_body = i = 0; (ch = msg[i]); i++) {
@@ -1704,15 +1831,15 @@ void pretty_print_commit(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 	}
 
 	pp_header(pp, encoding, commit, &msg, sb);
-	if (pp->fmt != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE && !pp->subject) {
+	if (pp->fmt != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE && !pp->print_email_subject) {
 		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 	}
 
 	/* Skip excess blank lines at the beginning of body, if any... */
-	msg = skip_empty_lines(msg);
+	msg = skip_blank_lines(msg);
 
 	/* These formats treat the title line specially. */
-	if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE || pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL)
+	if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE || cmit_fmt_is_mail(pp->fmt))
 		pp_title_line(pp, &msg, sb, encoding, need_8bit_cte);
 
 	beginning_of_body = sb->len;
@@ -1729,7 +1856,7 @@ void pretty_print_commit(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 	 * format.  Make sure we did not strip the blank line
 	 * between the header and the body.
 	 */
-	if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL && sb->len <= beginning_of_body)
+	if (cmit_fmt_is_mail(pp->fmt) && sb->len <= beginning_of_body)
 		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 
 	unuse_commit_buffer(commit, reencoded);
diff --git a/pretty.h b/pretty.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7359d318a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pretty.h
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+#ifndef PRETTY_H
+#define PRETTY_H
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+struct commit;
+struct strbuf;
+
+/* Commit formats */
+enum cmit_fmt {
+	CMIT_FMT_RAW,
+	CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM,
+	CMIT_FMT_DEFAULT = CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM,
+	CMIT_FMT_SHORT,
+	CMIT_FMT_FULL,
+	CMIT_FMT_FULLER,
+	CMIT_FMT_ONELINE,
+	CMIT_FMT_EMAIL,
+	CMIT_FMT_MBOXRD,
+	CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT,
+
+	CMIT_FMT_UNSPECIFIED
+};
+
+struct pretty_print_context {
+	/*
+	 * Callers should tweak these to change the behavior of pp_* functions.
+	 */
+	enum cmit_fmt fmt;
+	int abbrev;
+	const char *after_subject;
+	int preserve_subject;
+	struct date_mode date_mode;
+	unsigned date_mode_explicit:1;
+	int print_email_subject;
+	int expand_tabs_in_log;
+	int need_8bit_cte;
+	char *notes_message;
+	struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info;
+	struct rev_info *rev;
+	const char *output_encoding;
+	struct string_list *mailmap;
+	int color;
+	struct ident_split *from_ident;
+
+	/*
+	 * Fields below here are manipulated internally by pp_* functions and
+	 * should not be counted on by callers.
+	 */
+	struct string_list in_body_headers;
+	int graph_width;
+};
+
+/* Check whether commit format is mail. */
+static inline int cmit_fmt_is_mail(enum cmit_fmt fmt)
+{
+	return (fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL || fmt == CMIT_FMT_MBOXRD);
+}
+
+struct userformat_want {
+	unsigned notes:1;
+};
+
+/* Set the flag "w->notes" if there is placeholder %N in "fmt". */
+void userformat_find_requirements(const char *fmt, struct userformat_want *w);
+
+/*
+ * Shortcut for invoking pretty_print_commit if we do not have any context.
+ * Context would be set empty except "fmt".
+ */
+void pp_commit_easy(enum cmit_fmt fmt, const struct commit *commit,
+			struct strbuf *sb);
+
+/*
+ * Get information about user and date from "line", format it and
+ * put it into "sb".
+ * Format of "line" must be readable for split_ident_line function.
+ * The resulting format is "what: name <email> date".
+ */
+void pp_user_info(struct pretty_print_context *pp, const char *what,
+			struct strbuf *sb, const char *line,
+			const char *encoding);
+
+/*
+ * Format title line of commit message taken from "msg_p" and
+ * put it into "sb".
+ * First line of "msg_p" is also affected.
+ */
+void pp_title_line(struct pretty_print_context *pp, const char **msg_p,
+			struct strbuf *sb, const char *encoding,
+			int need_8bit_cte);
+
+/*
+ * Get current state of commit message from "msg_p" and continue formatting
+ * by adding indentation and '>' signs. Put result into "sb".
+ */
+void pp_remainder(struct pretty_print_context *pp, const char **msg_p,
+			struct strbuf *sb, int indent);
+
+/*
+ * Create a text message about commit using given "format" and "context".
+ * Put the result to "sb".
+ * Please use this function for custom formats.
+ */
+void format_commit_message(const struct commit *commit,
+			const char *format, struct strbuf *sb,
+			const struct pretty_print_context *context);
+
+/*
+ * Parse given arguments from "arg", check it for correctness and
+ * fill struct rev_info.
+ */
+void get_commit_format(const char *arg, struct rev_info *);
+
+/*
+ * Make a commit message with all rules from given "pp"
+ * and put it into "sb".
+ * Please use this function if you have a context (candidate for "pp").
+ */
+void pretty_print_commit(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
+			const struct commit *commit,
+			struct strbuf *sb);
+
+/*
+ * Change line breaks in "msg" to "line_separator" and put it into "sb".
+ * Return "msg" itself.
+ */
+const char *format_subject(struct strbuf *sb, const char *msg,
+			const char *line_separator);
+
+/* Check if "cmit_fmt" will produce an empty output. */
+int commit_format_is_empty(enum cmit_fmt);
+
+#endif /* PRETTY_H */
diff --git a/prio-queue.c b/prio-queue.c
index e4365b00d6..a078451872 100644
--- a/prio-queue.c
+++ b/prio-queue.c
@@ -12,9 +12,7 @@ static inline int compare(struct prio_queue *queue, int i, int j)
 
 static inline void swap(struct prio_queue *queue, int i, int j)
 {
-	struct prio_queue_entry tmp = queue->array[i];
-	queue->array[i] = queue->array[j];
-	queue->array[j] = tmp;
+	SWAP(queue->array[i], queue->array[j]);
 }
 
 void prio_queue_reverse(struct prio_queue *queue)
@@ -22,17 +20,16 @@ void prio_queue_reverse(struct prio_queue *queue)
 	int i, j;
 
 	if (queue->compare != NULL)
-		die("BUG: prio_queue_reverse() on non-LIFO queue");
-	for (i = 0; i <= (j = (queue->nr - 1) - i); i++)
+		BUG("prio_queue_reverse() on non-LIFO queue");
+	for (i = 0; i < (j = (queue->nr - 1) - i); i++)
 		swap(queue, i, j);
 }
 
 void clear_prio_queue(struct prio_queue *queue)
 {
-	free(queue->array);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(queue->array);
 	queue->nr = 0;
 	queue->alloc = 0;
-	queue->array = NULL;
 	queue->insertion_ctr = 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/progress.c b/progress.c
index 412e6b1ecc..5a99c9fbf0 100644
--- a/progress.c
+++ b/progress.c
@@ -25,17 +25,17 @@ struct throughput {
 	unsigned int last_bytes[TP_IDX_MAX];
 	unsigned int last_misecs[TP_IDX_MAX];
 	unsigned int idx;
-	char display[32];
+	struct strbuf display;
 };
 
 struct progress {
 	const char *title;
-	int last_value;
-	unsigned total;
+	uint64_t last_value;
+	uint64_t total;
 	unsigned last_percent;
 	unsigned delay;
-	unsigned delayed_percent_treshold;
 	struct throughput *throughput;
+	uint64_t start_ns;
 };
 
 static volatile sig_atomic_t progress_update;
@@ -72,42 +72,42 @@ static void clear_progress_signal(void)
 	progress_update = 0;
 }
 
-static int display(struct progress *progress, unsigned n, const char *done)
+static int is_foreground_fd(int fd)
+{
+	int tpgrp = tcgetpgrp(fd);
+	return tpgrp < 0 || tpgrp == getpgid(0);
+}
+
+static int display(struct progress *progress, uint64_t n, const char *done)
 {
 	const char *eol, *tp;
 
-	if (progress->delay) {
-		if (!progress_update || --progress->delay)
-			return 0;
-		if (progress->total) {
-			unsigned percent = n * 100 / progress->total;
-			if (percent > progress->delayed_percent_treshold) {
-				/* inhibit this progress report entirely */
-				clear_progress_signal();
-				progress->delay = -1;
-				progress->total = 0;
-				return 0;
-			}
-		}
-	}
+	if (progress->delay && (!progress_update || --progress->delay))
+		return 0;
 
 	progress->last_value = n;
-	tp = (progress->throughput) ? progress->throughput->display : "";
+	tp = (progress->throughput) ? progress->throughput->display.buf : "";
 	eol = done ? done : "   \r";
 	if (progress->total) {
 		unsigned percent = n * 100 / progress->total;
 		if (percent != progress->last_percent || progress_update) {
 			progress->last_percent = percent;
-			fprintf(stderr, "%s: %3u%% (%u/%u)%s%s",
-				progress->title, percent, n,
-				progress->total, tp, eol);
-			fflush(stderr);
+			if (is_foreground_fd(fileno(stderr)) || done) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "%s: %3u%% (%"PRIuMAX"/%"PRIuMAX")%s%s",
+					progress->title, percent,
+					(uintmax_t)n, (uintmax_t)progress->total,
+					tp, eol);
+				fflush(stderr);
+			}
 			progress_update = 0;
 			return 1;
 		}
 	} else if (progress_update) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %u%s%s", progress->title, n, tp, eol);
-		fflush(stderr);
+		if (is_foreground_fd(fileno(stderr)) || done) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: %"PRIuMAX"%s%s",
+				progress->title, (uintmax_t)n, tp, eol);
+			fflush(stderr);
+		}
 		progress_update = 0;
 		return 1;
 	}
@@ -115,9 +115,10 @@ static int display(struct progress *progress, unsigned n, const char *done)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void throughput_string(struct strbuf *buf, off_t total,
+static void throughput_string(struct strbuf *buf, uint64_t total,
 			      unsigned int rate)
 {
+	strbuf_reset(buf);
 	strbuf_addstr(buf, ", ");
 	strbuf_humanise_bytes(buf, total);
 	strbuf_addstr(buf, " | ");
@@ -125,12 +126,11 @@ static void throughput_string(struct strbuf *buf, off_t total,
 	strbuf_addstr(buf, "/s");
 }
 
-void display_throughput(struct progress *progress, off_t total)
+void display_throughput(struct progress *progress, uint64_t total)
 {
 	struct throughput *tp;
 	uint64_t now_ns;
 	unsigned int misecs, count, rate;
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (!progress)
 		return;
@@ -143,6 +143,7 @@ void display_throughput(struct progress *progress, off_t total)
 		if (tp) {
 			tp->prev_total = tp->curr_total = total;
 			tp->prev_ns = now_ns;
+			strbuf_init(&tp->display, 0);
 		}
 		return;
 	}
@@ -182,20 +183,18 @@ void display_throughput(struct progress *progress, off_t total)
 	tp->last_misecs[tp->idx] = misecs;
 	tp->idx = (tp->idx + 1) % TP_IDX_MAX;
 
-	throughput_string(&buf, total, rate);
-	strncpy(tp->display, buf.buf, sizeof(tp->display));
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	throughput_string(&tp->display, total, rate);
 	if (progress->last_value != -1 && progress_update)
 		display(progress, progress->last_value, NULL);
 }
 
-int display_progress(struct progress *progress, unsigned n)
+int display_progress(struct progress *progress, uint64_t n)
 {
 	return progress ? display(progress, n, NULL) : 0;
 }
 
-struct progress *start_progress_delay(const char *title, unsigned total,
-				       unsigned percent_treshold, unsigned delay)
+static struct progress *start_progress_delay(const char *title, uint64_t total,
+					     unsigned delay)
 {
 	struct progress *progress = malloc(sizeof(*progress));
 	if (!progress) {
@@ -208,16 +207,21 @@ struct progress *start_progress_delay(const char *title, unsigned total,
 	progress->total = total;
 	progress->last_value = -1;
 	progress->last_percent = -1;
-	progress->delayed_percent_treshold = percent_treshold;
 	progress->delay = delay;
 	progress->throughput = NULL;
+	progress->start_ns = getnanotime();
 	set_progress_signal();
 	return progress;
 }
 
-struct progress *start_progress(const char *title, unsigned total)
+struct progress *start_delayed_progress(const char *title, uint64_t total)
+{
+	return start_progress_delay(title, total, 2);
+}
+
+struct progress *start_progress(const char *title, uint64_t total)
 {
-	return start_progress_delay(title, total, 0, 0);
+	return start_progress_delay(title, total, 0);
 }
 
 void stop_progress(struct progress **p_progress)
@@ -233,26 +237,24 @@ void stop_progress_msg(struct progress **p_progress, const char *msg)
 	*p_progress = NULL;
 	if (progress->last_value != -1) {
 		/* Force the last update */
-		char buf[128], *bufp;
-		size_t len = strlen(msg) + 5;
+		char *buf;
 		struct throughput *tp = progress->throughput;
 
-		bufp = (len < sizeof(buf)) ? buf : xmalloc(len + 1);
 		if (tp) {
-			struct strbuf strbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-			unsigned int rate = !tp->avg_misecs ? 0 :
-					tp->avg_bytes / tp->avg_misecs;
-			throughput_string(&strbuf, tp->curr_total, rate);
-			strncpy(tp->display, strbuf.buf, sizeof(tp->display));
-			strbuf_release(&strbuf);
+			uint64_t now_ns = getnanotime();
+			unsigned int misecs, rate;
+			misecs = ((now_ns - progress->start_ns) * 4398) >> 32;
+			rate = tp->curr_total / (misecs ? misecs : 1);
+			throughput_string(&tp->display, tp->curr_total, rate);
 		}
 		progress_update = 1;
-		sprintf(bufp, ", %s.\n", msg);
-		display(progress, progress->last_value, bufp);
-		if (buf != bufp)
-			free(bufp);
+		buf = xstrfmt(", %s.\n", msg);
+		display(progress, progress->last_value, buf);
+		free(buf);
 	}
 	clear_progress_signal();
+	if (progress->throughput)
+		strbuf_release(&progress->throughput->display);
 	free(progress->throughput);
 	free(progress);
 }
diff --git a/progress.h b/progress.h
index 611e4c4d42..70a4d4a0d6 100644
--- a/progress.h
+++ b/progress.h
@@ -3,11 +3,10 @@
 
 struct progress;
 
-void display_throughput(struct progress *progress, off_t total);
-int display_progress(struct progress *progress, unsigned n);
-struct progress *start_progress(const char *title, unsigned total);
-struct progress *start_progress_delay(const char *title, unsigned total,
-				       unsigned percent_treshold, unsigned delay);
+void display_throughput(struct progress *progress, uint64_t total);
+int display_progress(struct progress *progress, uint64_t n);
+struct progress *start_progress(const char *title, uint64_t total);
+struct progress *start_delayed_progress(const char *title, uint64_t total);
 void stop_progress(struct progress **progress);
 void stop_progress_msg(struct progress **progress, const char *msg);
 
diff --git a/prompt.c b/prompt.c
index 75406390c6..6d5885d009 100644
--- a/prompt.c
+++ b/prompt.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "prompt.h"
diff --git a/protocol.c b/protocol.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5e636785d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/protocol.c
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "protocol.h"
+
+static enum protocol_version parse_protocol_version(const char *value)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(value, "0"))
+		return protocol_v0;
+	else if (!strcmp(value, "1"))
+		return protocol_v1;
+	else if (!strcmp(value, "2"))
+		return protocol_v2;
+	else
+		return protocol_unknown_version;
+}
+
+enum protocol_version get_protocol_version_config(void)
+{
+	const char *value;
+	if (!git_config_get_string_const("protocol.version", &value)) {
+		enum protocol_version version = parse_protocol_version(value);
+
+		if (version == protocol_unknown_version)
+			die("unknown value for config 'protocol.version': %s",
+			    value);
+
+		return version;
+	}
+
+	return protocol_v0;
+}
+
+enum protocol_version determine_protocol_version_server(void)
+{
+	const char *git_protocol = getenv(GIT_PROTOCOL_ENVIRONMENT);
+	enum protocol_version version = protocol_v0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Determine which protocol version the client has requested.  Since
+	 * multiple 'version' keys can be sent by the client, indicating that
+	 * the client is okay to speak any of them, select the greatest version
+	 * that the client has requested.  This is due to the assumption that
+	 * the most recent protocol version will be the most state-of-the-art.
+	 */
+	if (git_protocol) {
+		struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+		const struct string_list_item *item;
+		string_list_split(&list, git_protocol, ':', -1);
+
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, &list) {
+			const char *value;
+			enum protocol_version v;
+
+			if (skip_prefix(item->string, "version=", &value)) {
+				v = parse_protocol_version(value);
+				if (v > version)
+					version = v;
+			}
+		}
+
+		string_list_clear(&list, 0);
+	}
+
+	return version;
+}
+
+enum protocol_version determine_protocol_version_client(const char *server_response)
+{
+	enum protocol_version version = protocol_v0;
+
+	if (skip_prefix(server_response, "version ", &server_response)) {
+		version = parse_protocol_version(server_response);
+
+		if (version == protocol_unknown_version)
+			die("server is speaking an unknown protocol");
+		if (version == protocol_v0)
+			die("protocol error: server explicitly said version 0");
+	}
+
+	return version;
+}
diff --git a/protocol.h b/protocol.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2ad35e433c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/protocol.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#ifndef PROTOCOL_H
+#define PROTOCOL_H
+
+enum protocol_version {
+	protocol_unknown_version = -1,
+	protocol_v0 = 0,
+	protocol_v1 = 1,
+	protocol_v2 = 2,
+};
+
+/*
+ * Used by a client to determine which protocol version to request be used when
+ * communicating with a server, reflecting the configured value of the
+ * 'protocol.version' config.  If unconfigured, a value of 'protocol_v0' is
+ * returned.
+ */
+extern enum protocol_version get_protocol_version_config(void);
+
+/*
+ * Used by a server to determine which protocol version should be used based on
+ * a client's request, communicated via the 'GIT_PROTOCOL' environment variable
+ * by setting appropriate values for the key 'version'.  If a client doesn't
+ * request a particular protocol version, a default of 'protocol_v0' will be
+ * used.
+ */
+extern enum protocol_version determine_protocol_version_server(void);
+
+/*
+ * Used by a client to determine which protocol version the server is speaking
+ * based on the server's initial response.
+ */
+extern enum protocol_version determine_protocol_version_client(const char *server_response);
+
+#endif /* PROTOCOL_H */
diff --git a/quote.c b/quote.c
index 7920e18e44..c95dd2cafb 100644
--- a/quote.c
+++ b/quote.c
@@ -4,9 +4,15 @@
 
 int quote_path_fully = 1;
 
+static inline int need_bs_quote(char c)
+{
+	return (c == '\'' || c == '!');
+}
+
 /* Help to copy the thing properly quoted for the shell safety.
  * any single quote is replaced with '\'', any exclamation point
  * is replaced with '\!', and the whole thing is enclosed in a
+ * single quote pair.
  *
  * E.g.
  *  original     sq_quote     result
@@ -15,11 +21,6 @@ int quote_path_fully = 1;
  *  a'b      ==> a'\''b    ==> 'a'\''b'
  *  a!b      ==> a'\!'b    ==> 'a'\!'b'
  */
-static inline int need_bs_quote(char c)
-{
-	return (c == '\'' || c == '!');
-}
-
 void sq_quote_buf(struct strbuf *dst, const char *src)
 {
 	char *to_free = NULL;
@@ -42,7 +43,36 @@ void sq_quote_buf(struct strbuf *dst, const char *src)
 	free(to_free);
 }
 
-void sq_quote_argv(struct strbuf *dst, const char** argv, size_t maxlen)
+void sq_quote_buf_pretty(struct strbuf *dst, const char *src)
+{
+	static const char ok_punct[] = "+,-./:=@_^";
+	const char *p;
+
+	for (p = src; *p; p++) {
+		if (!isalpha(*p) && !isdigit(*p) && !strchr(ok_punct, *p)) {
+			sq_quote_buf(dst, src);
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* if we get here, we did not need quoting */
+	strbuf_addstr(dst, src);
+}
+
+void sq_quotef(struct strbuf *dst, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	struct strbuf src = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	va_list ap;
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	strbuf_vaddf(&src, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	sq_quote_buf(dst, src.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&src);
+}
+
+void sq_quote_argv(struct strbuf *dst, const char **argv)
 {
 	int i;
 
@@ -51,8 +81,16 @@ void sq_quote_argv(struct strbuf *dst, const char** argv, size_t maxlen)
 	for (i = 0; argv[i]; ++i) {
 		strbuf_addch(dst, ' ');
 		sq_quote_buf(dst, argv[i]);
-		if (maxlen && dst->len > maxlen)
-			die("Too many or long arguments");
+	}
+}
+
+void sq_quote_argv_pretty(struct strbuf *dst, const char **argv)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; argv[i]; i++) {
+		strbuf_addch(dst, ' ');
+		sq_quote_buf_pretty(dst, argv[i]);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -80,9 +118,15 @@ static char *sq_dequote_step(char *arg, char **next)
 				*next = NULL;
 			return arg;
 		case '\\':
-			c = *++src;
-			if (need_bs_quote(c) && *++src == '\'') {
-				*dst++ = c;
+			/*
+			 * Allow backslashed characters outside of
+			 * single-quotes only if they need escaping,
+			 * and only if we resume the single-quoted part
+			 * afterward.
+			 */
+			if (need_bs_quote(src[1]) && src[2] == '\'') {
+				*dst++ = src[1];
+				src += 2;
 				continue;
 			}
 		/* Fallthrough */
@@ -417,6 +461,7 @@ void tcl_quote_buf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *src)
 		case '{': case '}':
 		case '$': case '\\': case '"':
 			strbuf_addch(sb, '\\');
+			/* fallthrough */
 		default:
 			strbuf_addch(sb, c);
 			break;
@@ -439,3 +484,40 @@ void tcl_quote_buf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *src)
 	}
 	strbuf_addch(sb, '"');
 }
+
+void basic_regex_quote_buf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *src)
+{
+	char c;
+
+	if (*src == '^') {
+		/* only beginning '^' is special and needs quoting */
+		strbuf_addch(sb, '\\');
+		strbuf_addch(sb, *src++);
+	}
+	if (*src == '*')
+		/* beginning '*' is not special, no quoting */
+		strbuf_addch(sb, *src++);
+
+	while ((c = *src++)) {
+		switch (c) {
+		case '[':
+		case '.':
+		case '\\':
+		case '*':
+			strbuf_addch(sb, '\\');
+			strbuf_addch(sb, c);
+			break;
+
+		case '$':
+			/* only the end '$' is special and needs quoting */
+			if (*src == '\0')
+				strbuf_addch(sb, '\\');
+			strbuf_addch(sb, c);
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			strbuf_addch(sb, c);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/quote.h b/quote.h
index 99e04d34bf..ea992dcc91 100644
--- a/quote.h
+++ b/quote.h
@@ -25,10 +25,21 @@ struct strbuf;
  * sq_quote_buf() writes to an existing buffer of specified size; it
  * will return the number of characters that would have been written
  * excluding the final null regardless of the buffer size.
+ *
+ * sq_quotef() quotes the entire formatted string as a single result.
  */
 
 extern void sq_quote_buf(struct strbuf *, const char *src);
-extern void sq_quote_argv(struct strbuf *, const char **argv, size_t maxlen);
+extern void sq_quote_argv(struct strbuf *, const char **argv);
+extern void sq_quotef(struct strbuf *, const char *fmt, ...);
+
+/*
+ * These match their non-pretty variants, except that they avoid
+ * quoting when there are no exotic characters. These should only be used for
+ * human-readable output, as sq_dequote() is not smart enough to dequote it.
+ */
+void sq_quote_buf_pretty(struct strbuf *, const char *src);
+void sq_quote_argv_pretty(struct strbuf *, const char **argv);
 
 /* This unwraps what sq_quote() produces in place, but returns
  * NULL if the input does not look like what sq_quote would have
@@ -67,5 +78,6 @@ extern char *quote_path_relative(const char *in, const char *prefix,
 extern void perl_quote_buf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *src);
 extern void python_quote_buf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *src);
 extern void tcl_quote_buf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *src);
+extern void basic_regex_quote_buf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *src);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/range-diff.c b/range-diff.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b6b9abac26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/range-diff.c
@@ -0,0 +1,435 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "range-diff.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
+#include "hashmap.h"
+#include "xdiff-interface.h"
+#include "linear-assignment.h"
+#include "diffcore.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "pretty.h"
+#include "userdiff.h"
+
+struct patch_util {
+	/* For the search for an exact match */
+	struct hashmap_entry e;
+	const char *diff, *patch;
+
+	int i, shown;
+	int diffsize;
+	size_t diff_offset;
+	/* the index of the matching item in the other branch, or -1 */
+	int matching;
+	struct object_id oid;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Reads the patches into a string list, with the `util` field being populated
+ * as struct object_id (will need to be free()d).
+ */
+static int read_patches(const char *range, struct string_list *list)
+{
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	FILE *in;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, line = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct patch_util *util = NULL;
+	int in_header = 1;
+
+	argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "log", "--no-color", "-p", "--no-merges",
+			"--reverse", "--date-order", "--decorate=no",
+			"--no-abbrev-commit", range,
+			NULL);
+	cp.out = -1;
+	cp.no_stdin = 1;
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+
+	if (start_command(&cp))
+		return error_errno(_("could not start `log`"));
+	in = fdopen(cp.out, "r");
+	if (!in) {
+		error_errno(_("could not read `log` output"));
+		finish_command(&cp);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	while (strbuf_getline(&line, in) != EOF) {
+		const char *p;
+
+		if (skip_prefix(line.buf, "commit ", &p)) {
+			if (util) {
+				string_list_append(list, buf.buf)->util = util;
+				strbuf_reset(&buf);
+			}
+			util = xcalloc(sizeof(*util), 1);
+			if (get_oid(p, &util->oid)) {
+				error(_("could not parse commit '%s'"), p);
+				free(util);
+				string_list_clear(list, 1);
+				strbuf_release(&buf);
+				strbuf_release(&line);
+				fclose(in);
+				finish_command(&cp);
+				return -1;
+			}
+			util->matching = -1;
+			in_header = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (starts_with(line.buf, "diff --git")) {
+			in_header = 0;
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+			if (!util->diff_offset)
+				util->diff_offset = buf.len;
+			strbuf_addbuf(&buf, &line);
+		} else if (in_header) {
+			if (starts_with(line.buf, "Author: ")) {
+				strbuf_addbuf(&buf, &line);
+				strbuf_addstr(&buf, "\n\n");
+			} else if (starts_with(line.buf, "    ")) {
+				strbuf_rtrim(&line);
+				strbuf_addbuf(&buf, &line);
+				strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+			}
+			continue;
+		} else if (starts_with(line.buf, "@@ "))
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "@@");
+		else if (!line.buf[0] || starts_with(line.buf, "index "))
+			/*
+			 * A completely blank (not ' \n', which is context)
+			 * line is not valid in a diff.  We skip it
+			 * silently, because this neatly handles the blank
+			 * separator line between commits in git-log
+			 * output.
+			 *
+			 * We also want to ignore the diff's `index` lines
+			 * because they contain exact blob hashes in which
+			 * we are not interested.
+			 */
+			continue;
+		else
+			strbuf_addbuf(&buf, &line);
+
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+		util->diffsize++;
+	}
+	fclose(in);
+	strbuf_release(&line);
+
+	if (util)
+		string_list_append(list, buf.buf)->util = util;
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	if (finish_command(&cp))
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int patch_util_cmp(const void *dummy, const struct patch_util *a,
+		     const struct patch_util *b, const char *keydata)
+{
+	return strcmp(a->diff, keydata ? keydata : b->diff);
+}
+
+static void find_exact_matches(struct string_list *a, struct string_list *b)
+{
+	struct hashmap map;
+	int i;
+
+	hashmap_init(&map, (hashmap_cmp_fn)patch_util_cmp, NULL, 0);
+
+	/* First, add the patches of a to a hash map */
+	for (i = 0; i < a->nr; i++) {
+		struct patch_util *util = a->items[i].util;
+
+		util->i = i;
+		util->patch = a->items[i].string;
+		util->diff = util->patch + util->diff_offset;
+		hashmap_entry_init(util, strhash(util->diff));
+		hashmap_add(&map, util);
+	}
+
+	/* Now try to find exact matches in b */
+	for (i = 0; i < b->nr; i++) {
+		struct patch_util *util = b->items[i].util, *other;
+
+		util->i = i;
+		util->patch = b->items[i].string;
+		util->diff = util->patch + util->diff_offset;
+		hashmap_entry_init(util, strhash(util->diff));
+		other = hashmap_remove(&map, util, NULL);
+		if (other) {
+			if (other->matching >= 0)
+				BUG("already assigned!");
+
+			other->matching = i;
+			util->matching = other->i;
+		}
+	}
+
+	hashmap_free(&map, 0);
+}
+
+static void diffsize_consume(void *data, char *line, unsigned long len)
+{
+	(*(int *)data)++;
+}
+
+static int diffsize(const char *a, const char *b)
+{
+	xpparam_t pp = { 0 };
+	xdemitconf_t cfg = { 0 };
+	mmfile_t mf1, mf2;
+	int count = 0;
+
+	mf1.ptr = (char *)a;
+	mf1.size = strlen(a);
+	mf2.ptr = (char *)b;
+	mf2.size = strlen(b);
+
+	cfg.ctxlen = 3;
+	if (!xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, diffsize_consume, &count, &pp, &cfg))
+		return count;
+
+	error(_("failed to generate diff"));
+	return COST_MAX;
+}
+
+static void get_correspondences(struct string_list *a, struct string_list *b,
+				int creation_factor)
+{
+	int n = a->nr + b->nr;
+	int *cost, c, *a2b, *b2a;
+	int i, j;
+
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(cost, st_mult(n, n));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(a2b, n);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(b2a, n);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < a->nr; i++) {
+		struct patch_util *a_util = a->items[i].util;
+
+		for (j = 0; j < b->nr; j++) {
+			struct patch_util *b_util = b->items[j].util;
+
+			if (a_util->matching == j)
+				c = 0;
+			else if (a_util->matching < 0 && b_util->matching < 0)
+				c = diffsize(a_util->diff, b_util->diff);
+			else
+				c = COST_MAX;
+			cost[i + n * j] = c;
+		}
+
+		c = a_util->matching < 0 ?
+			a_util->diffsize * creation_factor / 100 : COST_MAX;
+		for (j = b->nr; j < n; j++)
+			cost[i + n * j] = c;
+	}
+
+	for (j = 0; j < b->nr; j++) {
+		struct patch_util *util = b->items[j].util;
+
+		c = util->matching < 0 ?
+			util->diffsize * creation_factor / 100 : COST_MAX;
+		for (i = a->nr; i < n; i++)
+			cost[i + n * j] = c;
+	}
+
+	for (i = a->nr; i < n; i++)
+		for (j = b->nr; j < n; j++)
+			cost[i + n * j] = 0;
+
+	compute_assignment(n, n, cost, a2b, b2a);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < a->nr; i++)
+		if (a2b[i] >= 0 && a2b[i] < b->nr) {
+			struct patch_util *a_util = a->items[i].util;
+			struct patch_util *b_util = b->items[a2b[i]].util;
+
+			a_util->matching = a2b[i];
+			b_util->matching = i;
+		}
+
+	free(cost);
+	free(a2b);
+	free(b2a);
+}
+
+static void output_pair_header(struct diff_options *diffopt,
+			       int patch_no_width,
+			       struct strbuf *buf,
+			       struct strbuf *dashes,
+			       struct patch_util *a_util,
+			       struct patch_util *b_util)
+{
+	struct object_id *oid = a_util ? &a_util->oid : &b_util->oid;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	char status;
+	const char *color_reset = diff_get_color_opt(diffopt, DIFF_RESET);
+	const char *color_old = diff_get_color_opt(diffopt, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
+	const char *color_new = diff_get_color_opt(diffopt, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
+	const char *color_commit = diff_get_color_opt(diffopt, DIFF_COMMIT);
+	const char *color;
+
+	if (!dashes->len)
+		strbuf_addchars(dashes, '-',
+				strlen(find_unique_abbrev(oid,
+							  DEFAULT_ABBREV)));
+
+	if (!b_util) {
+		color = color_old;
+		status = '<';
+	} else if (!a_util) {
+		color = color_new;
+		status = '>';
+	} else if (strcmp(a_util->patch, b_util->patch)) {
+		color = color_commit;
+		status = '!';
+	} else {
+		color = color_commit;
+		status = '=';
+	}
+
+	strbuf_reset(buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, status == '!' ? color_old : color);
+	if (!a_util)
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%*s:  %s ", patch_no_width, "-", dashes->buf);
+	else
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%*d:  %s ", patch_no_width, a_util->i + 1,
+			    find_unique_abbrev(&a_util->oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+
+	if (status == '!')
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s%s", color_reset, color);
+	strbuf_addch(buf, status);
+	if (status == '!')
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s%s", color_reset, color_new);
+
+	if (!b_util)
+		strbuf_addf(buf, " %*s:  %s", patch_no_width, "-", dashes->buf);
+	else
+		strbuf_addf(buf, " %*d:  %s", patch_no_width, b_util->i + 1,
+			    find_unique_abbrev(&b_util->oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, oid);
+	if (commit) {
+		if (status == '!')
+			strbuf_addf(buf, "%s%s", color_reset, color);
+
+		strbuf_addch(buf, ' ');
+		pp_commit_easy(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit, buf);
+	}
+	strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\n", color_reset);
+
+	fwrite(buf->buf, buf->len, 1, stdout);
+}
+
+static struct userdiff_driver no_func_name = {
+	.funcname = { "$^", 0 }
+};
+
+static struct diff_filespec *get_filespec(const char *name, const char *p)
+{
+	struct diff_filespec *spec = alloc_filespec(name);
+
+	fill_filespec(spec, &null_oid, 0, 0644);
+	spec->data = (char *)p;
+	spec->size = strlen(p);
+	spec->should_munmap = 0;
+	spec->is_stdin = 1;
+	spec->driver = &no_func_name;
+
+	return spec;
+}
+
+static void patch_diff(const char *a, const char *b,
+			      struct diff_options *diffopt)
+{
+	diff_queue(&diff_queued_diff,
+		   get_filespec("a", a), get_filespec("b", b));
+
+	diffcore_std(diffopt);
+	diff_flush(diffopt);
+}
+
+static void output(struct string_list *a, struct string_list *b,
+		   struct diff_options *diffopt)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, dashes = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int patch_no_width = decimal_width(1 + (a->nr > b->nr ? a->nr : b->nr));
+	int i = 0, j = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * We assume the user is really more interested in the second argument
+	 * ("newer" version). To that end, we print the output in the order of
+	 * the RHS (the `b` parameter). To put the LHS (the `a` parameter)
+	 * commits that are no longer in the RHS into a good place, we place
+	 * them once we have shown all of their predecessors in the LHS.
+	 */
+
+	while (i < a->nr || j < b->nr) {
+		struct patch_util *a_util, *b_util;
+		a_util = i < a->nr ? a->items[i].util : NULL;
+		b_util = j < b->nr ? b->items[j].util : NULL;
+
+		/* Skip all the already-shown commits from the LHS. */
+		while (i < a->nr && a_util->shown)
+			a_util = ++i < a->nr ? a->items[i].util : NULL;
+
+		/* Show unmatched LHS commit whose predecessors were shown. */
+		if (i < a->nr && a_util->matching < 0) {
+			output_pair_header(diffopt, patch_no_width,
+					   &buf, &dashes, a_util, NULL);
+			i++;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* Show unmatched RHS commits. */
+		while (j < b->nr && b_util->matching < 0) {
+			output_pair_header(diffopt, patch_no_width,
+					   &buf, &dashes, NULL, b_util);
+			b_util = ++j < b->nr ? b->items[j].util : NULL;
+		}
+
+		/* Show matching LHS/RHS pair. */
+		if (j < b->nr) {
+			a_util = a->items[b_util->matching].util;
+			output_pair_header(diffopt, patch_no_width,
+					   &buf, &dashes, a_util, b_util);
+			if (!(diffopt->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT))
+				patch_diff(a->items[b_util->matching].string,
+					   b->items[j].string, diffopt);
+			a_util->shown = 1;
+			j++;
+		}
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&dashes);
+}
+
+int show_range_diff(const char *range1, const char *range2,
+		    int creation_factor, struct diff_options *diffopt)
+{
+	int res = 0;
+
+	struct string_list branch1 = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct string_list branch2 = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+
+	if (read_patches(range1, &branch1))
+		res = error(_("could not parse log for '%s'"), range1);
+	if (!res && read_patches(range2, &branch2))
+		res = error(_("could not parse log for '%s'"), range2);
+
+	if (!res) {
+		find_exact_matches(&branch1, &branch2);
+		get_correspondences(&branch1, &branch2, creation_factor);
+		output(&branch1, &branch2, diffopt);
+	}
+
+	string_list_clear(&branch1, 1);
+	string_list_clear(&branch2, 1);
+
+	return res;
+}
diff --git a/range-diff.h b/range-diff.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2407d46a30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/range-diff.h
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#ifndef RANGE_DIFF_H
+#define RANGE_DIFF_H
+
+#include "diff.h"
+
+int show_range_diff(const char *range1, const char *range2,
+		    int creation_factor, struct diff_options *diffopt);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reachable.c b/reachable.c
index a647267ae9..6e9b810d2a 100644
--- a/reachable.c
+++ b/reachable.c
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "progress.h"
 #include "list-objects.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "worktree.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 struct connectivity_progress {
 	struct progress *progress;
@@ -22,11 +25,18 @@ static void update_progress(struct connectivity_progress *cp)
 		display_progress(cp->progress, cp->count);
 }
 
-static int add_one_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int add_one_ref(const char *path, const struct object_id *oid,
+		       int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
-	struct object *object = parse_object_or_die(sha1, path);
 	struct rev_info *revs = (struct rev_info *)cb_data;
+	struct object *object;
 
+	if ((flag & REF_ISSYMREF) && (flag & REF_ISBROKEN)) {
+		warning("symbolic ref is dangling: %s", path);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	object = parse_object_or_die(oid, path);
 	add_pending_object(revs, object, "");
 
 	return 0;
@@ -36,24 +46,23 @@ static int add_one_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, vo
  * The traversal will have already marked us as SEEN, so we
  * only need to handle any progress reporting here.
  */
-static void mark_object(struct object *obj, const struct name_path *path,
-			const char *name, void *data)
+static void mark_object(struct object *obj, const char *name, void *data)
 {
 	update_progress(data);
 }
 
 static void mark_commit(struct commit *c, void *data)
 {
-	mark_object(&c->object, NULL, NULL, data);
+	mark_object(&c->object, NULL, data);
 }
 
 struct recent_data {
 	struct rev_info *revs;
-	unsigned long timestamp;
+	timestamp_t timestamp;
 };
 
-static void add_recent_object(const unsigned char *sha1,
-			      unsigned long mtime,
+static void add_recent_object(const struct object_id *oid,
+			      timestamp_t mtime,
 			      struct recent_data *data)
 {
 	struct object *obj;
@@ -69,37 +78,37 @@ static void add_recent_object(const unsigned char *sha1,
 	 * later processing, and the revision machinery expects
 	 * commits and tags to have been parsed.
 	 */
-	type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+	type = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
 	if (type < 0)
-		die("unable to get object info for %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		die("unable to get object info for %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
 
 	switch (type) {
 	case OBJ_TAG:
 	case OBJ_COMMIT:
-		obj = parse_object_or_die(sha1, NULL);
+		obj = parse_object_or_die(oid, NULL);
 		break;
 	case OBJ_TREE:
-		obj = (struct object *)lookup_tree(sha1);
+		obj = (struct object *)lookup_tree(the_repository, oid);
 		break;
 	case OBJ_BLOB:
-		obj = (struct object *)lookup_blob(sha1);
+		obj = (struct object *)lookup_blob(the_repository, oid);
 		break;
 	default:
 		die("unknown object type for %s: %s",
-		    sha1_to_hex(sha1), typename(type));
+		    oid_to_hex(oid), type_name(type));
 	}
 
 	if (!obj)
-		die("unable to lookup %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		die("unable to lookup %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
 
 	add_pending_object(data->revs, obj, "");
 }
 
-static int add_recent_loose(const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int add_recent_loose(const struct object_id *oid,
 			    const char *path, void *data)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
+	struct object *obj = lookup_object(the_repository, oid->hash);
 
 	if (obj && obj->flags & SEEN)
 		return 0;
@@ -113,28 +122,27 @@ static int add_recent_loose(const unsigned char *sha1,
 		 */
 		if (errno == ENOENT)
 			return 0;
-		return error("unable to stat %s: %s",
-			     sha1_to_hex(sha1), strerror(errno));
+		return error_errno("unable to stat %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
 	}
 
-	add_recent_object(sha1, st.st_mtime, data);
+	add_recent_object(oid, st.st_mtime, data);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int add_recent_packed(const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int add_recent_packed(const struct object_id *oid,
 			     struct packed_git *p, uint32_t pos,
 			     void *data)
 {
-	struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
+	struct object *obj = lookup_object(the_repository, oid->hash);
 
 	if (obj && obj->flags & SEEN)
 		return 0;
-	add_recent_object(sha1, p->mtime, data);
+	add_recent_object(oid, p->mtime, data);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 int add_unseen_recent_objects_to_traversal(struct rev_info *revs,
-					   unsigned long timestamp)
+					   timestamp_t timestamp)
 {
 	struct recent_data data;
 	int r;
@@ -142,15 +150,16 @@ int add_unseen_recent_objects_to_traversal(struct rev_info *revs,
 	data.revs = revs;
 	data.timestamp = timestamp;
 
-	r = for_each_loose_object(add_recent_loose, &data);
+	r = for_each_loose_object(add_recent_loose, &data,
+				  FOR_EACH_OBJECT_LOCAL_ONLY);
 	if (r)
 		return r;
-	return for_each_packed_object(add_recent_packed, &data);
+	return for_each_packed_object(add_recent_packed, &data,
+				      FOR_EACH_OBJECT_LOCAL_ONLY);
 }
 
 void mark_reachable_objects(struct rev_info *revs, int mark_reflog,
-			    unsigned long mark_recent,
-			    struct progress *progress)
+			    timestamp_t mark_recent, struct progress *progress)
 {
 	struct connectivity_progress cp;
 
@@ -170,6 +179,7 @@ void mark_reachable_objects(struct rev_info *revs, int mark_reflog,
 
 	/* detached HEAD is not included in the list above */
 	head_ref(add_one_ref, revs);
+	other_head_refs(add_one_ref, revs);
 
 	/* Add all reflog info */
 	if (mark_reflog)
diff --git a/reachable.h b/reachable.h
index d23efc36ec..18b0f9f2f0 100644
--- a/reachable.h
+++ b/reachable.h
@@ -2,9 +2,11 @@
 #define REACHEABLE_H
 
 struct progress;
+struct rev_info;
+
 extern int add_unseen_recent_objects_to_traversal(struct rev_info *revs,
-						  unsigned long timestamp);
+						  timestamp_t timestamp);
 extern void mark_reachable_objects(struct rev_info *revs, int mark_reflog,
-				   unsigned long mark_recent, struct progress *);
+				   timestamp_t mark_recent, struct progress *);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/read-cache.c b/read-cache.c
index 8d71860f69..7b1354d759 100644
--- a/read-cache.c
+++ b/read-cache.c
@@ -5,10 +5,15 @@
  */
 #define NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "diffcore.h"
+#include "tempfile.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "blob.h"
@@ -16,11 +21,8 @@
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "varint.h"
 #include "split-index.h"
-#include "sigchain.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
-
-static struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce,
-					       unsigned int options);
+#include "fsmonitor.h"
 
 /* Mask for the name length in ce_flags in the on-disk index */
 
@@ -39,11 +41,55 @@ static struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce,
 #define CACHE_EXT_TREE 0x54524545	/* "TREE" */
 #define CACHE_EXT_RESOLVE_UNDO 0x52455543 /* "REUC" */
 #define CACHE_EXT_LINK 0x6c696e6b	  /* "link" */
+#define CACHE_EXT_UNTRACKED 0x554E5452	  /* "UNTR" */
+#define CACHE_EXT_FSMONITOR 0x46534D4E	  /* "FSMN" */
 
 /* changes that can be kept in $GIT_DIR/index (basically all extensions) */
 #define EXTMASK (RESOLVE_UNDO_CHANGED | CACHE_TREE_CHANGED | \
 		 CE_ENTRY_ADDED | CE_ENTRY_REMOVED | CE_ENTRY_CHANGED | \
-		 SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED)
+		 SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED | UNTRACKED_CHANGED | FSMONITOR_CHANGED)
+
+
+/*
+ * This is an estimate of the pathname length in the index.  We use
+ * this for V4 index files to guess the un-deltafied size of the index
+ * in memory because of pathname deltafication.  This is not required
+ * for V2/V3 index formats because their pathnames are not compressed.
+ * If the initial amount of memory set aside is not sufficient, the
+ * mem pool will allocate extra memory.
+ */
+#define CACHE_ENTRY_PATH_LENGTH 80
+
+static inline struct cache_entry *mem_pool__ce_alloc(struct mem_pool *mem_pool, size_t len)
+{
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+	ce = mem_pool_alloc(mem_pool, cache_entry_size(len));
+	ce->mem_pool_allocated = 1;
+	return ce;
+}
+
+static inline struct cache_entry *mem_pool__ce_calloc(struct mem_pool *mem_pool, size_t len)
+{
+	struct cache_entry * ce;
+	ce = mem_pool_calloc(mem_pool, 1, cache_entry_size(len));
+	ce->mem_pool_allocated = 1;
+	return ce;
+}
+
+static struct mem_pool *find_mem_pool(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	struct mem_pool **pool_ptr;
+
+	if (istate->split_index && istate->split_index->base)
+		pool_ptr = &istate->split_index->base->ce_mem_pool;
+	else
+		pool_ptr = &istate->ce_mem_pool;
+
+	if (!*pool_ptr)
+		mem_pool_init(pool_ptr, 0);
+
+	return *pool_ptr;
+}
 
 struct index_state the_index;
 static const char *alternate_index_output;
@@ -60,27 +106,30 @@ static void replace_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, int nr, struct cache
 
 	replace_index_entry_in_base(istate, old, ce);
 	remove_name_hash(istate, old);
-	free(old);
+	discard_cache_entry(old);
+	ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_HASHED;
 	set_index_entry(istate, nr, ce);
 	ce->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
+	mark_fsmonitor_invalid(istate, ce);
 	istate->cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_CHANGED;
 }
 
 void rename_index_entry_at(struct index_state *istate, int nr, const char *new_name)
 {
-	struct cache_entry *old = istate->cache[nr], *new;
+	struct cache_entry *old_entry = istate->cache[nr], *new_entry;
 	int namelen = strlen(new_name);
 
-	new = xmalloc(cache_entry_size(namelen));
-	copy_cache_entry(new, old);
-	new->ce_flags &= ~CE_HASHED;
-	new->ce_namelen = namelen;
-	new->index = 0;
-	memcpy(new->name, new_name, namelen + 1);
+	new_entry = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, namelen);
+	copy_cache_entry(new_entry, old_entry);
+	new_entry->ce_flags &= ~CE_HASHED;
+	new_entry->ce_namelen = namelen;
+	new_entry->index = 0;
+	memcpy(new_entry->name, new_name, namelen + 1);
 
-	cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate, old->name);
+	cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate, old_entry->name);
+	untracked_cache_remove_from_index(istate, old_entry->name);
 	remove_index_entry_at(istate, nr);
-	add_index_entry(istate, new, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
+	add_index_entry(istate, new_entry, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
 }
 
 void fill_stat_data(struct stat_data *sd, struct stat *st)
@@ -150,19 +199,21 @@ void fill_stat_cache_info(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 	if (assume_unchanged)
 		ce->ce_flags |= CE_VALID;
 
-	if (S_ISREG(st->st_mode))
+	if (S_ISREG(st->st_mode)) {
 		ce_mark_uptodate(ce);
+		mark_fsmonitor_valid(ce);
+	}
 }
 
 static int ce_compare_data(const struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 {
 	int match = -1;
-	int fd = open(ce->name, O_RDONLY);
+	int fd = git_open_cloexec(ce->name, O_RDONLY);
 
 	if (fd >= 0) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		if (!index_fd(sha1, fd, st, OBJ_BLOB, ce->name, 0))
-			match = hashcmp(sha1, ce->sha1);
+		struct object_id oid;
+		if (!index_fd(&oid, fd, st, OBJ_BLOB, ce->name, 0))
+			match = oidcmp(&oid, &ce->oid);
 		/* index_fd() closed the file descriptor already */
 	}
 	return match;
@@ -179,7 +230,7 @@ static int ce_compare_link(const struct cache_entry *ce, size_t expected_size)
 	if (strbuf_readlink(&sb, ce->name, expected_size))
 		return -1;
 
-	buffer = read_sha1_file(ce->sha1, &type, &size);
+	buffer = read_object_file(&ce->oid, &type, &size);
 	if (buffer) {
 		if (size == sb.len)
 			match = memcmp(buffer, sb.buf, size);
@@ -191,7 +242,7 @@ static int ce_compare_link(const struct cache_entry *ce, size_t expected_size)
 
 static int ce_compare_gitlink(const struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 
 	/*
 	 * We don't actually require that the .git directory
@@ -201,9 +252,9 @@ static int ce_compare_gitlink(const struct cache_entry *ce)
 	 *
 	 * If so, we consider it always to match.
 	 */
-	if (resolve_gitlink_ref(ce->name, "HEAD", sha1) < 0)
+	if (resolve_gitlink_ref(ce->name, "HEAD", &oid) < 0)
 		return 0;
-	return hashcmp(sha1, ce->sha1);
+	return oidcmp(&oid, &ce->oid);
 }
 
 static int ce_modified_check_fs(const struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
@@ -220,6 +271,7 @@ static int ce_modified_check_fs(const struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 	case S_IFDIR:
 		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
 			return ce_compare_gitlink(ce) ? DATA_CHANGED : 0;
+		/* else fallthrough */
 	default:
 		return TYPE_CHANGED;
 	}
@@ -263,30 +315,44 @@ static int ce_match_stat_basic(const struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 
 	/* Racily smudged entry? */
 	if (!ce->ce_stat_data.sd_size) {
-		if (!is_empty_blob_sha1(ce->sha1))
+		if (!is_empty_blob_sha1(ce->oid.hash))
 			changed |= DATA_CHANGED;
 	}
 
 	return changed;
 }
 
-static int is_racy_timestamp(const struct index_state *istate,
-			     const struct cache_entry *ce)
+static int is_racy_stat(const struct index_state *istate,
+			const struct stat_data *sd)
 {
-	return (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) &&
-		istate->timestamp.sec &&
+	return (istate->timestamp.sec &&
 #ifdef USE_NSEC
 		 /* nanosecond timestamped files can also be racy! */
-		(istate->timestamp.sec < ce->ce_stat_data.sd_mtime.sec ||
-		 (istate->timestamp.sec == ce->ce_stat_data.sd_mtime.sec &&
-		  istate->timestamp.nsec <= ce->ce_stat_data.sd_mtime.nsec))
+		(istate->timestamp.sec < sd->sd_mtime.sec ||
+		 (istate->timestamp.sec == sd->sd_mtime.sec &&
+		  istate->timestamp.nsec <= sd->sd_mtime.nsec))
 #else
-		istate->timestamp.sec <= ce->ce_stat_data.sd_mtime.sec
+		istate->timestamp.sec <= sd->sd_mtime.sec
 #endif
-		 );
+		);
+}
+
+static int is_racy_timestamp(const struct index_state *istate,
+			     const struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	return (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) &&
+		is_racy_stat(istate, &ce->ce_stat_data));
+}
+
+int match_stat_data_racy(const struct index_state *istate,
+			 const struct stat_data *sd, struct stat *st)
+{
+	if (is_racy_stat(istate, sd))
+		return MTIME_CHANGED;
+	return match_stat_data(sd, st);
 }
 
-int ie_match_stat(const struct index_state *istate,
+int ie_match_stat(struct index_state *istate,
 		  const struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st,
 		  unsigned int options)
 {
@@ -294,7 +360,10 @@ int ie_match_stat(const struct index_state *istate,
 	int ignore_valid = options & CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID;
 	int ignore_skip_worktree = options & CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE;
 	int assume_racy_is_modified = options & CE_MATCH_RACY_IS_DIRTY;
+	int ignore_fsmonitor = options & CE_MATCH_IGNORE_FSMONITOR;
 
+	if (!ignore_fsmonitor)
+		refresh_fsmonitor(istate);
 	/*
 	 * If it's marked as always valid in the index, it's
 	 * valid whatever the checked-out copy says.
@@ -305,13 +374,15 @@ int ie_match_stat(const struct index_state *istate,
 		return 0;
 	if (!ignore_valid && (ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID))
 		return 0;
+	if (!ignore_fsmonitor && (ce->ce_flags & CE_FSMONITOR_VALID))
+		return 0;
 
 	/*
 	 * Intent-to-add entries have not been added, so the index entry
 	 * by definition never matches what is in the work tree until it
 	 * actually gets added.
 	 */
-	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_INTENT_TO_ADD)
+	if (ce_intent_to_add(ce))
 		return DATA_CHANGED | TYPE_CHANGED | MODE_CHANGED;
 
 	changed = ce_match_stat_basic(ce, st);
@@ -342,7 +413,7 @@ int ie_match_stat(const struct index_state *istate,
 	return changed;
 }
 
-int ie_modified(const struct index_state *istate,
+int ie_modified(struct index_state *istate,
 		const struct cache_entry *ce,
 		struct stat *st, unsigned int options)
 {
@@ -490,7 +561,6 @@ int index_name_pos(const struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namel
 	return index_name_stage_pos(istate, name, namelen, 0);
 }
 
-/* Remove entry, return true if there are more entries to go.. */
 int remove_index_entry_at(struct index_state *istate, int pos)
 {
 	struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
@@ -502,9 +572,8 @@ int remove_index_entry_at(struct index_state *istate, int pos)
 	istate->cache_nr--;
 	if (pos >= istate->cache_nr)
 		return 0;
-	memmove(istate->cache + pos,
-		istate->cache + pos + 1,
-		(istate->cache_nr - pos) * sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
+	MOVE_ARRAY(istate->cache + pos, istate->cache + pos + 1,
+		   istate->cache_nr - pos);
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -538,6 +607,7 @@ int remove_file_from_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
 	if (pos < 0)
 		pos = -pos-1;
 	cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate, path);
+	untracked_cache_remove_from_index(istate, path);
 	while (pos < istate->cache_nr && !strcmp(istate->cache[pos]->name, path))
 		remove_index_entry_at(istate, pos);
 	return 0;
@@ -591,39 +661,43 @@ static struct cache_entry *create_alias_ce(struct index_state *istate,
 					   struct cache_entry *alias)
 {
 	int len;
-	struct cache_entry *new;
+	struct cache_entry *new_entry;
 
 	if (alias->ce_flags & CE_ADDED)
 		die("Will not add file alias '%s' ('%s' already exists in index)", ce->name, alias->name);
 
 	/* Ok, create the new entry using the name of the existing alias */
 	len = ce_namelen(alias);
-	new = xcalloc(1, cache_entry_size(len));
-	memcpy(new->name, alias->name, len);
-	copy_cache_entry(new, ce);
+	new_entry = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, len);
+	memcpy(new_entry->name, alias->name, len);
+	copy_cache_entry(new_entry, ce);
 	save_or_free_index_entry(istate, ce);
-	return new;
+	return new_entry;
 }
 
 void set_object_name_for_intent_to_add_entry(struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	if (write_sha1_file("", 0, blob_type, sha1))
+	struct object_id oid;
+	if (write_object_file("", 0, blob_type, &oid))
 		die("cannot create an empty blob in the object database");
-	hashcpy(ce->sha1, sha1);
+	oidcpy(&ce->oid, &oid);
 }
 
 int add_to_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, struct stat *st, int flags)
 {
-	int size, namelen, was_same;
+	int namelen, was_same;
 	mode_t st_mode = st->st_mode;
-	struct cache_entry *ce, *alias;
+	struct cache_entry *ce, *alias = NULL;
 	unsigned ce_option = CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID|CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE|CE_MATCH_RACY_IS_DIRTY;
 	int verbose = flags & (ADD_CACHE_VERBOSE | ADD_CACHE_PRETEND);
 	int pretend = flags & ADD_CACHE_PRETEND;
 	int intent_only = flags & ADD_CACHE_INTENT;
 	int add_option = (ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE|
 			  (intent_only ? ADD_CACHE_NEW_ONLY : 0));
+	int newflags = HASH_WRITE_OBJECT;
+
+	if (flags & HASH_RENORMALIZE)
+		newflags |= HASH_RENORMALIZE;
 
 	if (!S_ISREG(st_mode) && !S_ISLNK(st_mode) && !S_ISDIR(st_mode))
 		return error("%s: can only add regular files, symbolic links or git-directories", path);
@@ -633,8 +707,7 @@ int add_to_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, struct stat *st,
 		while (namelen && path[namelen-1] == '/')
 			namelen--;
 	}
-	size = cache_entry_size(namelen);
-	ce = xcalloc(1, size);
+	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, namelen);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, namelen);
 	ce->ce_namelen = namelen;
 	if (!intent_only)
@@ -642,9 +715,10 @@ int add_to_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, struct stat *st,
 	else
 		ce->ce_flags |= CE_INTENT_TO_ADD;
 
-	if (trust_executable_bit && has_symlinks)
+
+	if (trust_executable_bit && has_symlinks) {
 		ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(st_mode);
-	else {
+	} else {
 		/* If there is an existing entry, pick the mode bits and type
 		 * from it, otherwise assume unexecutable regular file.
 		 */
@@ -661,35 +735,28 @@ int add_to_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, struct stat *st,
 	 * entry's directory case.
 	 */
 	if (ignore_case) {
-		const char *startPtr = ce->name;
-		const char *ptr = startPtr;
-		while (*ptr) {
-			while (*ptr && *ptr != '/')
-				++ptr;
-			if (*ptr == '/') {
-				struct cache_entry *foundce;
-				++ptr;
-				foundce = index_dir_exists(istate, ce->name, ptr - ce->name - 1);
-				if (foundce) {
-					memcpy((void *)startPtr, foundce->name + (startPtr - ce->name), ptr - startPtr);
-					startPtr = ptr;
-				}
-			}
-		}
+		adjust_dirname_case(istate, ce->name);
 	}
+	if (!(flags & HASH_RENORMALIZE)) {
+		alias = index_file_exists(istate, ce->name,
+					  ce_namelen(ce), ignore_case);
+		if (alias &&
+		    !ce_stage(alias) &&
+		    !ie_match_stat(istate, alias, st, ce_option)) {
+			/* Nothing changed, really */
+			if (!S_ISGITLINK(alias->ce_mode))
+				ce_mark_uptodate(alias);
+			alias->ce_flags |= CE_ADDED;
 
-	alias = index_file_exists(istate, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), ignore_case);
-	if (alias && !ce_stage(alias) && !ie_match_stat(istate, alias, st, ce_option)) {
-		/* Nothing changed, really */
-		free(ce);
-		if (!S_ISGITLINK(alias->ce_mode))
-			ce_mark_uptodate(alias);
-		alias->ce_flags |= CE_ADDED;
-		return 0;
+			discard_cache_entry(ce);
+			return 0;
+		}
 	}
 	if (!intent_only) {
-		if (index_path(ce->sha1, path, st, HASH_WRITE_OBJECT))
+		if (index_path(&ce->oid, path, st, newflags)) {
+			discard_cache_entry(ce);
 			return error("unable to index file %s", path);
+		}
 	} else
 		set_object_name_for_intent_to_add_entry(ce);
 
@@ -700,13 +767,15 @@ int add_to_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, struct stat *st,
 	/* It was suspected to be racily clean, but it turns out to be Ok */
 	was_same = (alias &&
 		    !ce_stage(alias) &&
-		    !hashcmp(alias->sha1, ce->sha1) &&
+		    !oidcmp(&alias->oid, &ce->oid) &&
 		    ce->ce_mode == alias->ce_mode);
 
 	if (pretend)
-		;
-	else if (add_index_entry(istate, ce, add_option))
-		return error("unable to add %s to index",path);
+		discard_cache_entry(ce);
+	else if (add_index_entry(istate, ce, add_option)) {
+		discard_cache_entry(ce);
+		return error("unable to add %s to index", path);
+	}
 	if (verbose && !was_same)
 		printf("add '%s'\n", path);
 	return 0;
@@ -720,35 +789,97 @@ int add_file_to_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, int flags)
 	return add_to_index(istate, path, &st, flags);
 }
 
-struct cache_entry *make_cache_entry(unsigned int mode,
-		const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, int stage,
-		unsigned int refresh_options)
+struct cache_entry *make_empty_cache_entry(struct index_state *istate, size_t len)
+{
+	return mem_pool__ce_calloc(find_mem_pool(istate), len);
+}
+
+struct cache_entry *make_empty_transient_cache_entry(size_t len)
+{
+	return xcalloc(1, cache_entry_size(len));
+}
+
+struct cache_entry *make_cache_entry(struct index_state *istate,
+				     unsigned int mode,
+				     const struct object_id *oid,
+				     const char *path,
+				     int stage,
+				     unsigned int refresh_options)
 {
-	int size, len;
 	struct cache_entry *ce, *ret;
+	int len;
 
-	if (!verify_path(path)) {
+	if (!verify_path(path, mode)) {
 		error("Invalid path '%s'", path);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
 	len = strlen(path);
-	size = cache_entry_size(len);
-	ce = xcalloc(1, size);
+	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, len);
 
-	hashcpy(ce->sha1, sha1);
+	oidcpy(&ce->oid, oid);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);
 	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
 	ce->ce_namelen = len;
 	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
 
-	ret = refresh_cache_entry(ce, refresh_options);
-	if (!ret) {
-		free(ce);
+	ret = refresh_cache_entry(&the_index, ce, refresh_options);
+	if (ret != ce)
+		discard_cache_entry(ce);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+struct cache_entry *make_transient_cache_entry(unsigned int mode, const struct object_id *oid,
+					       const char *path, int stage)
+{
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+	int len;
+
+	if (!verify_path(path, mode)) {
+		error("Invalid path '%s'", path);
 		return NULL;
-	} else {
-		return ret;
 	}
+
+	len = strlen(path);
+	ce = make_empty_transient_cache_entry(len);
+
+	oidcpy(&ce->oid, oid);
+	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);
+	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
+	ce->ce_namelen = len;
+	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
+
+	return ce;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Chmod an index entry with either +x or -x.
+ *
+ * Returns -1 if the chmod for the particular cache entry failed (if it's
+ * not a regular file), -2 if an invalid flip argument is passed in, 0
+ * otherwise.
+ */
+int chmod_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce,
+		      char flip)
+{
+	if (!S_ISREG(ce->ce_mode))
+		return -1;
+	switch (flip) {
+	case '+':
+		ce->ce_mode |= 0111;
+		break;
+	case '-':
+		ce->ce_mode &= ~0111;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -2;
+	}
+	cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate, ce->name);
+	ce->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
+	mark_fsmonitor_invalid(istate, ce);
+	istate->cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_CHANGED;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int ce_same_name(const struct cache_entry *a, const struct cache_entry *b)
@@ -765,7 +896,7 @@ int ce_same_name(const struct cache_entry *a, const struct cache_entry *b)
  * Also, we don't want double slashes or slashes at the
  * end that can make pathnames ambiguous.
  */
-static int verify_dotfile(const char *rest)
+static int verify_dotfile(const char *rest, unsigned mode)
 {
 	/*
 	 * The first character was '.', but that
@@ -779,8 +910,13 @@ static int verify_dotfile(const char *rest)
 
 	switch (*rest) {
 	/*
-	 * ".git" followed by  NUL or slash is bad. This
-	 * shares the path end test with the ".." case.
+	 * ".git" followed by NUL or slash is bad. Note that we match
+	 * case-insensitively here, even if ignore_case is not set.
+	 * This outlaws ".GIT" everywhere out of an abundance of caution,
+	 * since there's really no good reason to allow it.
+	 *
+	 * Once we've seen ".git", we can also find ".gitmodules", etc (also
+	 * case-insensitively).
 	 */
 	case 'g':
 	case 'G':
@@ -788,8 +924,15 @@ static int verify_dotfile(const char *rest)
 			break;
 		if (rest[2] != 't' && rest[2] != 'T')
 			break;
-		rest += 2;
-	/* fallthrough */
+		if (rest[3] == '\0' || is_dir_sep(rest[3]))
+			return 0;
+		if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
+			rest += 3;
+			if (skip_iprefix(rest, "modules", &rest) &&
+			    (*rest == '\0' || is_dir_sep(*rest)))
+				return 0;
+		}
+		break;
 	case '.':
 		if (rest[1] == '\0' || is_dir_sep(rest[1]))
 			return 0;
@@ -797,7 +940,7 @@ static int verify_dotfile(const char *rest)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-int verify_path(const char *path)
+int verify_path(const char *path, unsigned mode)
 {
 	char c;
 
@@ -810,12 +953,25 @@ int verify_path(const char *path)
 			return 1;
 		if (is_dir_sep(c)) {
 inside:
-			if (protect_hfs && is_hfs_dotgit(path))
-				return 0;
-			if (protect_ntfs && is_ntfs_dotgit(path))
-				return 0;
+			if (protect_hfs) {
+				if (is_hfs_dotgit(path))
+					return 0;
+				if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
+					if (is_hfs_dotgitmodules(path))
+						return 0;
+				}
+			}
+			if (protect_ntfs) {
+				if (is_ntfs_dotgit(path))
+					return 0;
+				if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
+					if (is_ntfs_dotgitmodules(path))
+						return 0;
+				}
+			}
+
 			c = *path++;
-			if ((c == '.' && !verify_dotfile(path)) ||
+			if ((c == '.' && !verify_dotfile(path, mode)) ||
 			    is_dir_sep(c) || c == '\0')
 				return 0;
 		}
@@ -856,9 +1012,32 @@ static int has_file_name(struct index_state *istate,
 	return retval;
 }
 
+
+/*
+ * Like strcmp(), but also return the offset of the first change.
+ * If strings are equal, return the length.
+ */
+int strcmp_offset(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t *first_change)
+{
+	size_t k;
+
+	if (!first_change)
+		return strcmp(s1, s2);
+
+	for (k = 0; s1[k] == s2[k]; k++)
+		if (s1[k] == '\0')
+			break;
+
+	*first_change = k;
+	return (unsigned char)s1[k] - (unsigned char)s2[k];
+}
+
 /*
  * Do we have another file with a pathname that is a proper
  * subset of the name we're trying to add?
+ *
+ * That is, is there another file in the index with a path
+ * that matches a sub-directory in the given entry?
  */
 static int has_dir_name(struct index_state *istate,
 			const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos, int ok_to_replace)
@@ -867,9 +1046,51 @@ static int has_dir_name(struct index_state *istate,
 	int stage = ce_stage(ce);
 	const char *name = ce->name;
 	const char *slash = name + ce_namelen(ce);
+	size_t len_eq_last;
+	int cmp_last = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * We are frequently called during an iteration on a sorted
+	 * list of pathnames and while building a new index.  Therefore,
+	 * there is a high probability that this entry will eventually
+	 * be appended to the index, rather than inserted in the middle.
+	 * If we can confirm that, we can avoid binary searches on the
+	 * components of the pathname.
+	 *
+	 * Compare the entry's full path with the last path in the index.
+	 */
+	if (istate->cache_nr > 0) {
+		cmp_last = strcmp_offset(name,
+			istate->cache[istate->cache_nr - 1]->name,
+			&len_eq_last);
+		if (cmp_last > 0) {
+			if (len_eq_last == 0) {
+				/*
+				 * The entry sorts AFTER the last one in the
+				 * index and their paths have no common prefix,
+				 * so there cannot be a F/D conflict.
+				 */
+				return retval;
+			} else {
+				/*
+				 * The entry sorts AFTER the last one in the
+				 * index, but has a common prefix.  Fall through
+				 * to the loop below to disect the entry's path
+				 * and see where the difference is.
+				 */
+			}
+		} else if (cmp_last == 0) {
+			/*
+			 * The entry exactly matches the last one in the
+			 * index, but because of multiple stage and CE_REMOVE
+			 * items, we fall through and let the regular search
+			 * code handle it.
+			 */
+		}
+	}
 
 	for (;;) {
-		int len;
+		size_t len;
 
 		for (;;) {
 			if (*--slash == '/')
@@ -879,6 +1100,67 @@ static int has_dir_name(struct index_state *istate,
 		}
 		len = slash - name;
 
+		if (cmp_last > 0) {
+			/*
+			 * (len + 1) is a directory boundary (including
+			 * the trailing slash).  And since the loop is
+			 * decrementing "slash", the first iteration is
+			 * the longest directory prefix; subsequent
+			 * iterations consider parent directories.
+			 */
+
+			if (len + 1 <= len_eq_last) {
+				/*
+				 * The directory prefix (including the trailing
+				 * slash) also appears as a prefix in the last
+				 * entry, so the remainder cannot collide (because
+				 * strcmp said the whole path was greater).
+				 *
+				 * EQ: last: xxx/A
+				 *     this: xxx/B
+				 *
+				 * LT: last: xxx/file_A
+				 *     this: xxx/file_B
+				 */
+				return retval;
+			}
+
+			if (len > len_eq_last) {
+				/*
+				 * This part of the directory prefix (excluding
+				 * the trailing slash) is longer than the known
+				 * equal portions, so this sub-directory cannot
+				 * collide with a file.
+				 *
+				 * GT: last: xxxA
+				 *     this: xxxB/file
+				 */
+				return retval;
+			}
+
+			if (istate->cache_nr > 0 &&
+				ce_namelen(istate->cache[istate->cache_nr - 1]) > len) {
+				/*
+				 * The directory prefix lines up with part of
+				 * a longer file or directory name, but sorts
+				 * after it, so this sub-directory cannot
+				 * collide with a file.
+				 *
+				 * last: xxx/yy-file (because '-' sorts before '/')
+				 * this: xxx/yy/abc
+				 */
+				return retval;
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * This is a possible collision. Fall through and
+			 * let the regular search code handle it.
+			 *
+			 * last: xxx
+			 * this: xxx/file
+			 */
+		}
+
 		pos = index_name_stage_pos(istate, name, len, stage);
 		if (pos >= 0) {
 			/*
@@ -970,7 +1252,16 @@ static int add_index_entry_with_check(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_e
 
 	if (!(option & ADD_CACHE_KEEP_CACHE_TREE))
 		cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate, ce->name);
-	pos = index_name_stage_pos(istate, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), ce_stage(ce));
+
+	/*
+	 * If this entry's path sorts after the last entry in the index,
+	 * we can avoid searching for it.
+	 */
+	if (istate->cache_nr > 0 &&
+		strcmp(ce->name, istate->cache[istate->cache_nr - 1]->name) > 0)
+		pos = -istate->cache_nr - 1;
+	else
+		pos = index_name_stage_pos(istate, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), ce_stage(ce));
 
 	/* existing match? Just replace it. */
 	if (pos >= 0) {
@@ -980,6 +1271,9 @@ static int add_index_entry_with_check(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_e
 	}
 	pos = -pos-1;
 
+	if (!(option & ADD_CACHE_KEEP_CACHE_TREE))
+		untracked_cache_add_to_index(istate, ce->name);
+
 	/*
 	 * Inserting a merged entry ("stage 0") into the index
 	 * will always replace all non-merged entries..
@@ -994,7 +1288,7 @@ static int add_index_entry_with_check(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_e
 
 	if (!ok_to_add)
 		return -1;
-	if (!verify_path(ce->name))
+	if (!verify_path(ce->name, ce->ce_mode))
 		return error("Invalid path '%s'", ce->name);
 
 	if (!skip_df_check &&
@@ -1028,9 +1322,8 @@ int add_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce, int opti
 	/* Add it in.. */
 	istate->cache_nr++;
 	if (istate->cache_nr > pos + 1)
-		memmove(istate->cache + pos + 1,
-			istate->cache + pos,
-			(istate->cache_nr - pos - 1) * sizeof(ce));
+		MOVE_ARRAY(istate->cache + pos + 1, istate->cache + pos,
+			   istate->cache_nr - pos - 1);
 	set_index_entry(istate, pos, ce);
 	istate->cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_ADDED;
 	return 0;
@@ -1054,15 +1347,18 @@ static struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_ent(struct index_state *istate,
 {
 	struct stat st;
 	struct cache_entry *updated;
-	int changed, size;
+	int changed;
 	int refresh = options & CE_MATCH_REFRESH;
 	int ignore_valid = options & CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID;
 	int ignore_skip_worktree = options & CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE;
 	int ignore_missing = options & CE_MATCH_IGNORE_MISSING;
+	int ignore_fsmonitor = options & CE_MATCH_IGNORE_FSMONITOR;
 
 	if (!refresh || ce_uptodate(ce))
 		return ce;
 
+	if (!ignore_fsmonitor)
+		refresh_fsmonitor(istate);
 	/*
 	 * CE_VALID or CE_SKIP_WORKTREE means the user promised us
 	 * that the change to the work tree does not matter and told
@@ -1076,6 +1372,10 @@ static struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_ent(struct index_state *istate,
 		ce_mark_uptodate(ce);
 		return ce;
 	}
+	if (!ignore_fsmonitor && (ce->ce_flags & CE_FSMONITOR_VALID)) {
+		ce_mark_uptodate(ce);
+		return ce;
+	}
 
 	if (has_symlink_leading_path(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce))) {
 		if (ignore_missing)
@@ -1113,8 +1413,10 @@ static struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_ent(struct index_state *istate,
 			 * because CE_UPTODATE flag is in-core only;
 			 * we are not going to write this change out.
 			 */
-			if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+			if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
 				ce_mark_uptodate(ce);
+				mark_fsmonitor_valid(ce);
+			}
 			return ce;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1125,9 +1427,9 @@ static struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_ent(struct index_state *istate,
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
-	size = ce_size(ce);
-	updated = xmalloc(size);
-	memcpy(updated, ce, size);
+	updated = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, ce_namelen(ce));
+	copy_cache_entry(updated, ce);
+	memcpy(updated->name, ce->name, ce->ce_namelen + 1);
 	fill_stat_cache_info(updated, &st);
 	/*
 	 * If ignore_valid is not set, we should leave CE_VALID bit
@@ -1174,6 +1476,7 @@ int refresh_index(struct index_state *istate, unsigned int flags,
 	const char *typechange_fmt;
 	const char *added_fmt;
 	const char *unmerged_fmt;
+	uint64_t start = getnanotime();
 
 	modified_fmt = (in_porcelain ? "M\t%s\n" : "%s: needs update\n");
 	deleted_fmt = (in_porcelain ? "D\t%s\n" : "%s: needs update\n");
@@ -1181,7 +1484,7 @@ int refresh_index(struct index_state *istate, unsigned int flags,
 	added_fmt = (in_porcelain ? "A\t%s\n" : "%s needs update\n");
 	unmerged_fmt = (in_porcelain ? "U\t%s\n" : "%s: needs merge\n");
 	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce, *new;
+		struct cache_entry *ce, *new_entry;
 		int cache_errno = 0;
 		int changed = 0;
 		int filtered = 0;
@@ -1190,7 +1493,7 @@ int refresh_index(struct index_state *istate, unsigned int flags,
 		if (ignore_submodules && S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
 			continue;
 
-		if (pathspec && !ce_path_match(ce, pathspec, seen))
+		if (pathspec && !ce_path_match(&the_index, ce, pathspec, seen))
 			filtered = 1;
 
 		if (ce_stage(ce)) {
@@ -1210,10 +1513,10 @@ int refresh_index(struct index_state *istate, unsigned int flags,
 		if (filtered)
 			continue;
 
-		new = refresh_cache_ent(istate, ce, options, &cache_errno, &changed);
-		if (new == ce)
+		new_entry = refresh_cache_ent(istate, ce, options, &cache_errno, &changed);
+		if (new_entry == ce)
 			continue;
-		if (!new) {
+		if (!new_entry) {
 			const char *fmt;
 
 			if (really && cache_errno == EINVAL) {
@@ -1222,6 +1525,7 @@ int refresh_index(struct index_state *istate, unsigned int flags,
 				 */
 				ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_VALID;
 				ce->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
+				mark_fsmonitor_invalid(istate, ce);
 				istate->cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_CHANGED;
 			}
 			if (quiet)
@@ -1229,7 +1533,7 @@ int refresh_index(struct index_state *istate, unsigned int flags,
 
 			if (cache_errno == ENOENT)
 				fmt = deleted_fmt;
-			else if (ce->ce_flags & CE_INTENT_TO_ADD)
+			else if (ce_intent_to_add(ce))
 				fmt = added_fmt; /* must be before other checks */
 			else if (changed & TYPE_CHANGED)
 				fmt = typechange_fmt;
@@ -1241,15 +1545,17 @@ int refresh_index(struct index_state *istate, unsigned int flags,
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		replace_index_entry(istate, i, new);
+		replace_index_entry(istate, i, new_entry);
 	}
+	trace_performance_since(start, "refresh index");
 	return has_errors;
 }
 
-static struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce,
-					       unsigned int options)
+struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_entry(struct index_state *istate,
+					struct cache_entry *ce,
+					unsigned int options)
 {
-	return refresh_cache_ent(&the_index, ce, options, NULL, NULL);
+	return refresh_cache_ent(istate, ce, options, NULL, NULL);
 }
 
 
@@ -1330,6 +1636,7 @@ struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended {
 };
 
 /* These are only used for v3 or lower */
+#define align_padding_size(size, len) ((size + (len) + 8) & ~7) - (size + len)
 #define align_flex_name(STRUCT,len) ((offsetof(struct STRUCT,name) + (len) + 8) & ~7)
 #define ondisk_cache_entry_size(len) align_flex_name(ondisk_cache_entry,len)
 #define ondisk_cache_entry_extended_size(len) align_flex_name(ondisk_cache_entry_extended,len)
@@ -1337,10 +1644,16 @@ struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended {
 			    ondisk_cache_entry_extended_size(ce_namelen(ce)) : \
 			    ondisk_cache_entry_size(ce_namelen(ce)))
 
+/* Allow fsck to force verification of the index checksum. */
+int verify_index_checksum;
+
+/* Allow fsck to force verification of the cache entry order. */
+int verify_ce_order;
+
 static int verify_hdr(struct cache_header *hdr, unsigned long size)
 {
-	git_SHA_CTX c;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	git_hash_ctx c;
+	unsigned char hash[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
 	int hdr_version;
 
 	if (hdr->hdr_signature != htonl(CACHE_SIGNATURE))
@@ -1348,10 +1661,14 @@ static int verify_hdr(struct cache_header *hdr, unsigned long size)
 	hdr_version = ntohl(hdr->hdr_version);
 	if (hdr_version < INDEX_FORMAT_LB || INDEX_FORMAT_UB < hdr_version)
 		return error("bad index version %d", hdr_version);
-	git_SHA1_Init(&c);
-	git_SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, size - 20);
-	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &c);
-	if (hashcmp(sha1, (unsigned char *)hdr + size - 20))
+
+	if (!verify_index_checksum)
+		return 0;
+
+	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&c);
+	the_hash_algo->update_fn(&c, hdr, size - the_hash_algo->rawsz);
+	the_hash_algo->final_fn(hash, &c);
+	if (hashcmp(hash, (unsigned char *)hdr + size - the_hash_algo->rawsz))
 		return error("bad index file sha1 signature");
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1370,6 +1687,12 @@ static int read_index_extension(struct index_state *istate,
 		if (read_link_extension(istate, data, sz))
 			return -1;
 		break;
+	case CACHE_EXT_UNTRACKED:
+		istate->untracked = read_untracked_extension(data, sz);
+		break;
+	case CACHE_EXT_FSMONITOR:
+		read_fsmonitor_extension(istate, data, sz);
+		break;
 	default:
 		if (*ext < 'A' || 'Z' < *ext)
 			return error("index uses %.4s extension, which we do not understand",
@@ -1380,25 +1703,23 @@ static int read_index_extension(struct index_state *istate,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int hold_locked_index(struct lock_file *lk, int die_on_error)
+int hold_locked_index(struct lock_file *lk, int lock_flags)
 {
-	return hold_lock_file_for_update(lk, get_index_file(),
-					 die_on_error
-					 ? LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR
-					 : 0);
+	return hold_lock_file_for_update(lk, get_index_file(), lock_flags);
 }
 
 int read_index(struct index_state *istate)
 {
-	return read_index_from(istate, get_index_file());
+	return read_index_from(istate, get_index_file(), get_git_dir());
 }
 
-static struct cache_entry *cache_entry_from_ondisk(struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk,
+static struct cache_entry *cache_entry_from_ondisk(struct mem_pool *mem_pool,
+						   struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk,
 						   unsigned int flags,
 						   const char *name,
 						   size_t len)
 {
-	struct cache_entry *ce = xmalloc(cache_entry_size(len));
+	struct cache_entry *ce = mem_pool__ce_alloc(mem_pool, len);
 
 	ce->ce_stat_data.sd_ctime.sec = get_be32(&ondisk->ctime.sec);
 	ce->ce_stat_data.sd_mtime.sec = get_be32(&ondisk->mtime.sec);
@@ -1413,7 +1734,7 @@ static struct cache_entry *cache_entry_from_ondisk(struct ondisk_cache_entry *on
 	ce->ce_flags = flags & ~CE_NAMEMASK;
 	ce->ce_namelen = len;
 	ce->index = 0;
-	hashcpy(ce->sha1, ondisk->sha1);
+	hashcpy(ce->oid.hash, ondisk->sha1);
 	memcpy(ce->name, name, len);
 	ce->name[len] = '\0';
 	return ce;
@@ -1440,7 +1761,8 @@ static unsigned long expand_name_field(struct strbuf *name, const char *cp_)
 	return (const char *)ep + 1 - cp_;
 }
 
-static struct cache_entry *create_from_disk(struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk,
+static struct cache_entry *create_from_disk(struct mem_pool *mem_pool,
+					    struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk,
 					    unsigned long *ent_size,
 					    struct strbuf *previous_name)
 {
@@ -1471,13 +1793,13 @@ static struct cache_entry *create_from_disk(struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk,
 		/* v3 and earlier */
 		if (len == CE_NAMEMASK)
 			len = strlen(name);
-		ce = cache_entry_from_ondisk(ondisk, flags, name, len);
+		ce = cache_entry_from_ondisk(mem_pool, ondisk, flags, name, len);
 
 		*ent_size = ondisk_ce_size(ce);
 	} else {
 		unsigned long consumed;
 		consumed = expand_name_field(previous_name, name);
-		ce = cache_entry_from_ondisk(ondisk, flags,
+		ce = cache_entry_from_ondisk(mem_pool, ondisk, flags,
 					     previous_name->buf,
 					     previous_name->len);
 
@@ -1486,21 +1808,87 @@ static struct cache_entry *create_from_disk(struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk,
 	return ce;
 }
 
-static void check_ce_order(struct cache_entry *ce, struct cache_entry *next_ce)
+static void check_ce_order(struct index_state *istate)
 {
-	int name_compare = strcmp(ce->name, next_ce->name);
-	if (0 < name_compare)
-		die("unordered stage entries in index");
-	if (!name_compare) {
-		if (!ce_stage(ce))
-			die("multiple stage entries for merged file '%s'",
-				ce->name);
-		if (ce_stage(ce) > ce_stage(next_ce))
-			die("unordered stage entries for '%s'",
-				ce->name);
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	if (!verify_ce_order)
+		return;
+
+	for (i = 1; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i - 1];
+		struct cache_entry *next_ce = istate->cache[i];
+		int name_compare = strcmp(ce->name, next_ce->name);
+
+		if (0 < name_compare)
+			die("unordered stage entries in index");
+		if (!name_compare) {
+			if (!ce_stage(ce))
+				die("multiple stage entries for merged file '%s'",
+				    ce->name);
+			if (ce_stage(ce) > ce_stage(next_ce))
+				die("unordered stage entries for '%s'",
+				    ce->name);
+		}
 	}
 }
 
+static void tweak_untracked_cache(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	switch (git_config_get_untracked_cache()) {
+	case -1: /* keep: do nothing */
+		break;
+	case 0: /* false */
+		remove_untracked_cache(istate);
+		break;
+	case 1: /* true */
+		add_untracked_cache(istate);
+		break;
+	default: /* unknown value: do nothing */
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void tweak_split_index(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	switch (git_config_get_split_index()) {
+	case -1: /* unset: do nothing */
+		break;
+	case 0: /* false */
+		remove_split_index(istate);
+		break;
+	case 1: /* true */
+		add_split_index(istate);
+		break;
+	default: /* unknown value: do nothing */
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void post_read_index_from(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	check_ce_order(istate);
+	tweak_untracked_cache(istate);
+	tweak_split_index(istate);
+	tweak_fsmonitor(istate);
+}
+
+static size_t estimate_cache_size_from_compressed(unsigned int entries)
+{
+	return entries * (sizeof(struct cache_entry) + CACHE_ENTRY_PATH_LENGTH);
+}
+
+static size_t estimate_cache_size(size_t ondisk_size, unsigned int entries)
+{
+	long per_entry = sizeof(struct cache_entry) - sizeof(struct ondisk_cache_entry);
+
+	/*
+	 * Account for potential alignment differences.
+	 */
+	per_entry += align_padding_size(sizeof(struct cache_entry), -sizeof(struct ondisk_cache_entry));
+	return ondisk_size + entries * per_entry;
+}
+
 /* remember to discard_cache() before reading a different cache! */
 int do_read_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, int must_exist)
 {
@@ -1528,10 +1916,10 @@ int do_read_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, int must_exist)
 		die_errno("cannot stat the open index");
 
 	mmap_size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
-	if (mmap_size < sizeof(struct cache_header) + 20)
+	if (mmap_size < sizeof(struct cache_header) + the_hash_algo->rawsz)
 		die("index file smaller than expected");
 
-	mmap = xmmap(NULL, mmap_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
+	mmap = xmmap(NULL, mmap_size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
 	if (mmap == MAP_FAILED)
 		die_errno("unable to map index file");
 	close(fd);
@@ -1540,17 +1928,22 @@ int do_read_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, int must_exist)
 	if (verify_hdr(hdr, mmap_size) < 0)
 		goto unmap;
 
-	hashcpy(istate->sha1, (const unsigned char *)hdr + mmap_size - 20);
+	hashcpy(istate->oid.hash, (const unsigned char *)hdr + mmap_size - the_hash_algo->rawsz);
 	istate->version = ntohl(hdr->hdr_version);
 	istate->cache_nr = ntohl(hdr->hdr_entries);
 	istate->cache_alloc = alloc_nr(istate->cache_nr);
 	istate->cache = xcalloc(istate->cache_alloc, sizeof(*istate->cache));
 	istate->initialized = 1;
 
-	if (istate->version == 4)
+	if (istate->version == 4) {
 		previous_name = &previous_name_buf;
-	else
+		mem_pool_init(&istate->ce_mem_pool,
+			      estimate_cache_size_from_compressed(istate->cache_nr));
+	} else {
 		previous_name = NULL;
+		mem_pool_init(&istate->ce_mem_pool,
+			      estimate_cache_size(mmap_size, istate->cache_nr));
+	}
 
 	src_offset = sizeof(*hdr);
 	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
@@ -1559,19 +1952,16 @@ int do_read_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, int must_exist)
 		unsigned long consumed;
 
 		disk_ce = (struct ondisk_cache_entry *)((char *)mmap + src_offset);
-		ce = create_from_disk(disk_ce, &consumed, previous_name);
+		ce = create_from_disk(istate->ce_mem_pool, disk_ce, &consumed, previous_name);
 		set_index_entry(istate, i, ce);
 
-		if (i > 0)
-			check_ce_order(istate->cache[i - 1], ce);
-
 		src_offset += consumed;
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&previous_name_buf);
 	istate->timestamp.sec = st.st_mtime;
 	istate->timestamp.nsec = ST_MTIME_NSEC(st);
 
-	while (src_offset <= mmap_size - 20 - 8) {
+	while (src_offset <= mmap_size - the_hash_algo->rawsz - 8) {
 		/* After an array of active_nr index entries,
 		 * there can be arbitrary number of extended
 		 * sections, each of which is prefixed with
@@ -1597,37 +1987,58 @@ unmap:
 	die("index file corrupt");
 }
 
-int read_index_from(struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
+/*
+ * Signal that the shared index is used by updating its mtime.
+ *
+ * This way, shared index can be removed if they have not been used
+ * for some time.
+ */
+static void freshen_shared_index(const char *shared_index, int warn)
+{
+	if (!check_and_freshen_file(shared_index, 1) && warn)
+		warning("could not freshen shared index '%s'", shared_index);
+}
+
+int read_index_from(struct index_state *istate, const char *path,
+		    const char *gitdir)
 {
+	uint64_t start = getnanotime();
 	struct split_index *split_index;
 	int ret;
+	char *base_oid_hex;
+	char *base_path;
 
 	/* istate->initialized covers both .git/index and .git/sharedindex.xxx */
 	if (istate->initialized)
 		return istate->cache_nr;
 
 	ret = do_read_index(istate, path, 0);
-	split_index = istate->split_index;
-	if (!split_index)
-		return ret;
+	trace_performance_since(start, "read cache %s", path);
 
-	if (is_null_sha1(split_index->base_sha1))
+	split_index = istate->split_index;
+	if (!split_index || is_null_oid(&split_index->base_oid)) {
+		post_read_index_from(istate);
 		return ret;
+	}
 
 	if (split_index->base)
 		discard_index(split_index->base);
 	else
 		split_index->base = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*split_index->base));
-	ret = do_read_index(split_index->base,
-			    git_path("sharedindex.%s",
-				     sha1_to_hex(split_index->base_sha1)), 1);
-	if (hashcmp(split_index->base_sha1, split_index->base->sha1))
+
+	base_oid_hex = oid_to_hex(&split_index->base_oid);
+	base_path = xstrfmt("%s/sharedindex.%s", gitdir, base_oid_hex);
+	ret = do_read_index(split_index->base, base_path, 1);
+	if (oidcmp(&split_index->base_oid, &split_index->base->oid))
 		die("broken index, expect %s in %s, got %s",
-		    sha1_to_hex(split_index->base_sha1),
-		    git_path("sharedindex.%s",
-				     sha1_to_hex(split_index->base_sha1)),
-		    sha1_to_hex(split_index->base->sha1));
+		    base_oid_hex, base_path,
+		    oid_to_hex(&split_index->base->oid));
+
+	freshen_shared_index(base_path, 0);
 	merge_base_index(istate);
+	post_read_index_from(istate);
+	trace_performance_since(start, "read cache %s", base_path);
+	free(base_path);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1638,17 +2049,15 @@ int is_index_unborn(struct index_state *istate)
 
 int discard_index(struct index_state *istate)
 {
-	int i;
+	/*
+	 * Cache entries in istate->cache[] should have been allocated
+	 * from the memory pool associated with this index, or from an
+	 * associated split_index. There is no need to free individual
+	 * cache entries. validate_cache_entries can detect when this
+	 * assertion does not hold.
+	 */
+	validate_cache_entries(istate);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
-		if (istate->cache[i]->index &&
-		    istate->split_index &&
-		    istate->split_index->base &&
-		    istate->cache[i]->index <= istate->split_index->base->cache_nr &&
-		    istate->cache[i] == istate->split_index->base->cache[istate->cache[i]->index - 1])
-			continue;
-		free(istate->cache[i]);
-	}
 	resolve_undo_clear_index(istate);
 	istate->cache_nr = 0;
 	istate->cache_changed = 0;
@@ -1657,13 +2066,52 @@ int discard_index(struct index_state *istate)
 	free_name_hash(istate);
 	cache_tree_free(&(istate->cache_tree));
 	istate->initialized = 0;
-	free(istate->cache);
-	istate->cache = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(istate->cache);
 	istate->cache_alloc = 0;
 	discard_split_index(istate);
+	free_untracked_cache(istate->untracked);
+	istate->untracked = NULL;
+
+	if (istate->ce_mem_pool) {
+		mem_pool_discard(istate->ce_mem_pool, should_validate_cache_entries());
+		istate->ce_mem_pool = NULL;
+	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Validate the cache entries of this index.
+ * All cache entries associated with this index
+ * should have been allocated by the memory pool
+ * associated with this index, or by a referenced
+ * split index.
+ */
+void validate_cache_entries(const struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!should_validate_cache_entries() ||!istate || !istate->initialized)
+		return;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		if (!istate) {
+			die("internal error: cache entry is not allocated from expected memory pool");
+		} else if (!istate->ce_mem_pool ||
+			!mem_pool_contains(istate->ce_mem_pool, istate->cache[i])) {
+			if (!istate->split_index ||
+				!istate->split_index->base ||
+				!istate->split_index->base->ce_mem_pool ||
+				!mem_pool_contains(istate->split_index->base->ce_mem_pool, istate->cache[i])) {
+				die("internal error: cache entry is not allocated from expected memory pool");
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (istate->split_index)
+		validate_cache_entries(istate->split_index->base);
+}
+
 int unmerged_index(const struct index_state *istate)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -1674,23 +2122,61 @@ int unmerged_index(const struct index_state *istate)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int index_has_changes(const struct index_state *istate,
+		      struct tree *tree,
+		      struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	struct object_id cmp;
+	int i;
+
+	if (istate != &the_index) {
+		BUG("index_has_changes cannot yet accept istate != &the_index; do_diff_cache needs updating first.");
+	}
+	if (tree)
+		cmp = tree->object.oid;
+	if (tree || !get_oid_tree("HEAD", &cmp)) {
+		struct diff_options opt;
+
+		diff_setup(&opt);
+		opt.flags.exit_with_status = 1;
+		if (!sb)
+			opt.flags.quick = 1;
+		do_diff_cache(&cmp, &opt);
+		diffcore_std(&opt);
+		for (i = 0; sb && i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++) {
+			if (i)
+				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, diff_queued_diff.queue[i]->two->path);
+		}
+		diff_flush(&opt);
+		return opt.flags.has_changes != 0;
+	} else {
+		for (i = 0; sb && i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+			if (i)
+				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, istate->cache[i]->name);
+		}
+		return !!istate->cache_nr;
+	}
+}
+
 #define WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE 8192
 static unsigned char write_buffer[WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE];
 static unsigned long write_buffer_len;
 
-static int ce_write_flush(git_SHA_CTX *context, int fd)
+static int ce_write_flush(git_hash_ctx *context, int fd)
 {
 	unsigned int buffered = write_buffer_len;
 	if (buffered) {
-		git_SHA1_Update(context, write_buffer, buffered);
-		if (write_in_full(fd, write_buffer, buffered) != buffered)
+		the_hash_algo->update_fn(context, write_buffer, buffered);
+		if (write_in_full(fd, write_buffer, buffered) < 0)
 			return -1;
 		write_buffer_len = 0;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int ce_write(git_SHA_CTX *context, int fd, void *data, unsigned int len)
+static int ce_write(git_hash_ctx *context, int fd, void *data, unsigned int len)
 {
 	while (len) {
 		unsigned int buffered = write_buffer_len;
@@ -1712,7 +2198,7 @@ static int ce_write(git_SHA_CTX *context, int fd, void *data, unsigned int len)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int write_index_ext_header(git_SHA_CTX *context, int fd,
+static int write_index_ext_header(git_hash_ctx *context, int fd,
 				  unsigned int ext, unsigned int sz)
 {
 	ext = htonl(ext);
@@ -1721,27 +2207,27 @@ static int write_index_ext_header(git_SHA_CTX *context, int fd,
 		(ce_write(context, fd, &sz, 4) < 0)) ? -1 : 0;
 }
 
-static int ce_flush(git_SHA_CTX *context, int fd, unsigned char *sha1)
+static int ce_flush(git_hash_ctx *context, int fd, unsigned char *hash)
 {
 	unsigned int left = write_buffer_len;
 
 	if (left) {
 		write_buffer_len = 0;
-		git_SHA1_Update(context, write_buffer, left);
+		the_hash_algo->update_fn(context, write_buffer, left);
 	}
 
-	/* Flush first if not enough space for SHA1 signature */
-	if (left + 20 > WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE) {
-		if (write_in_full(fd, write_buffer, left) != left)
+	/* Flush first if not enough space for hash signature */
+	if (left + the_hash_algo->rawsz > WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE) {
+		if (write_in_full(fd, write_buffer, left) < 0)
 			return -1;
 		left = 0;
 	}
 
-	/* Append the SHA1 signature at the end */
-	git_SHA1_Final(write_buffer + left, context);
-	hashcpy(sha1, write_buffer + left);
-	left += 20;
-	return (write_in_full(fd, write_buffer, left) != left) ? -1 : 0;
+	/* Append the hash signature at the end */
+	the_hash_algo->final_fn(write_buffer + left, context);
+	hashcpy(hash, write_buffer + left);
+	left += the_hash_algo->rawsz;
+	return (write_in_full(fd, write_buffer, left) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
 }
 
 static void ce_smudge_racily_clean_entry(struct cache_entry *ce)
@@ -1794,7 +2280,7 @@ static void ce_smudge_racily_clean_entry(struct cache_entry *ce)
 }
 
 /* Copy miscellaneous fields but not the name */
-static char *copy_cache_entry_to_ondisk(struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk,
+static void copy_cache_entry_to_ondisk(struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk,
 				       struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
 	short flags;
@@ -1809,7 +2295,7 @@ static char *copy_cache_entry_to_ondisk(struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk,
 	ondisk->uid  = htonl(ce->ce_stat_data.sd_uid);
 	ondisk->gid  = htonl(ce->ce_stat_data.sd_gid);
 	ondisk->size = htonl(ce->ce_stat_data.sd_size);
-	hashcpy(ondisk->sha1, ce->sha1);
+	hashcpy(ondisk->sha1, ce->oid.hash);
 
 	flags = ce->ce_flags & ~CE_NAMEMASK;
 	flags |= (ce_namelen(ce) >= CE_NAMEMASK ? CE_NAMEMASK : ce_namelen(ce));
@@ -1818,32 +2304,37 @@ static char *copy_cache_entry_to_ondisk(struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk,
 		struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended *ondisk2;
 		ondisk2 = (struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended *)ondisk;
 		ondisk2->flags2 = htons((ce->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS) >> 16);
-		return ondisk2->name;
-	}
-	else {
-		return ondisk->name;
 	}
 }
 
-static int ce_write_entry(git_SHA_CTX *c, int fd, struct cache_entry *ce,
-			  struct strbuf *previous_name)
+static int ce_write_entry(git_hash_ctx *c, int fd, struct cache_entry *ce,
+			  struct strbuf *previous_name, struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk)
 {
 	int size;
-	struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk;
-	int saved_namelen = saved_namelen; /* compiler workaround */
-	char *name;
 	int result;
+	unsigned int saved_namelen;
+	int stripped_name = 0;
+	static unsigned char padding[8] = { 0x00 };
 
 	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_STRIP_NAME) {
 		saved_namelen = ce_namelen(ce);
 		ce->ce_namelen = 0;
+		stripped_name = 1;
 	}
 
+	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED)
+		size = offsetof(struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended, name);
+	else
+		size = offsetof(struct ondisk_cache_entry, name);
+
 	if (!previous_name) {
-		size = ondisk_ce_size(ce);
-		ondisk = xcalloc(1, size);
-		name = copy_cache_entry_to_ondisk(ondisk, ce);
-		memcpy(name, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce));
+		int len = ce_namelen(ce);
+		copy_cache_entry_to_ondisk(ondisk, ce);
+		result = ce_write(c, fd, ondisk, size);
+		if (!result)
+			result = ce_write(c, fd, ce->name, len);
+		if (!result)
+			result = ce_write(c, fd, padding, align_padding_size(size, len));
 	} else {
 		int common, to_remove, prefix_size;
 		unsigned char to_remove_vi[16];
@@ -1856,27 +2347,23 @@ static int ce_write_entry(git_SHA_CTX *c, int fd, struct cache_entry *ce,
 		to_remove = previous_name->len - common;
 		prefix_size = encode_varint(to_remove, to_remove_vi);
 
-		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED)
-			size = offsetof(struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended, name);
-		else
-			size = offsetof(struct ondisk_cache_entry, name);
-		size += prefix_size + (ce_namelen(ce) - common + 1);
-
-		ondisk = xcalloc(1, size);
-		name = copy_cache_entry_to_ondisk(ondisk, ce);
-		memcpy(name, to_remove_vi, prefix_size);
-		memcpy(name + prefix_size, ce->name + common, ce_namelen(ce) - common);
+		copy_cache_entry_to_ondisk(ondisk, ce);
+		result = ce_write(c, fd, ondisk, size);
+		if (!result)
+			result = ce_write(c, fd, to_remove_vi, prefix_size);
+		if (!result)
+			result = ce_write(c, fd, ce->name + common, ce_namelen(ce) - common);
+		if (!result)
+			result = ce_write(c, fd, padding, 1);
 
 		strbuf_splice(previous_name, common, to_remove,
 			      ce->name + common, ce_namelen(ce) - common);
 	}
-	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_STRIP_NAME) {
+	if (stripped_name) {
 		ce->ce_namelen = saved_namelen;
 		ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_STRIP_NAME;
 	}
 
-	result = ce_write(c, fd, ondisk, size);
-	free(ondisk);
 	return result;
 }
 
@@ -1889,7 +2376,7 @@ static int verify_index_from(const struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
 	int fd;
 	ssize_t n;
 	struct stat st;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	unsigned char hash[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
 
 	if (!istate->initialized)
 		return 0;
@@ -1901,14 +2388,14 @@ static int verify_index_from(const struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
 	if (fstat(fd, &st))
 		goto out;
 
-	if (st.st_size < sizeof(struct cache_header) + 20)
+	if (st.st_size < sizeof(struct cache_header) + the_hash_algo->rawsz)
 		goto out;
 
-	n = pread_in_full(fd, sha1, 20, st.st_size - 20);
-	if (n != 20)
+	n = pread_in_full(fd, hash, the_hash_algo->rawsz, st.st_size - the_hash_algo->rawsz);
+	if (n != the_hash_algo->rawsz)
 		goto out;
 
-	if (hashcmp(istate->sha1, sha1))
+	if (hashcmp(istate->oid.hash, hash))
 		goto out;
 
 	close(fd);
@@ -1937,27 +2424,36 @@ static int has_racy_timestamp(struct index_state *istate)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-/*
- * Opportunistically update the index but do not complain if we can't
- */
 void update_index_if_able(struct index_state *istate, struct lock_file *lockfile)
 {
 	if ((istate->cache_changed || has_racy_timestamp(istate)) &&
-	    verify_index(istate) &&
-	    write_locked_index(istate, lockfile, COMMIT_LOCK))
+	    verify_index(istate))
+		write_locked_index(istate, lockfile, COMMIT_LOCK);
+	else
 		rollback_lock_file(lockfile);
 }
 
-static int do_write_index(struct index_state *istate, int newfd,
+/*
+ * On success, `tempfile` is closed. If it is the temporary file
+ * of a `struct lock_file`, we will therefore effectively perform
+ * a 'close_lock_file_gently()`. Since that is an implementation
+ * detail of lockfiles, callers of `do_write_index()` should not
+ * rely on it.
+ */
+static int do_write_index(struct index_state *istate, struct tempfile *tempfile,
 			  int strip_extensions)
 {
-	git_SHA_CTX c;
+	uint64_t start = getnanotime();
+	int newfd = tempfile->fd;
+	git_hash_ctx c;
 	struct cache_header hdr;
-	int i, err, removed, extended, hdr_version;
+	int i, err = 0, removed, extended, hdr_version;
 	struct cache_entry **cache = istate->cache;
 	int entries = istate->cache_nr;
 	struct stat st;
+	struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended ondisk;
 	struct strbuf previous_name_buf = STRBUF_INIT, *previous_name;
+	int drop_cache_tree = istate->drop_cache_tree;
 
 	for (i = removed = extended = 0; i < entries; i++) {
 		if (cache[i]->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
@@ -1973,7 +2469,7 @@ static int do_write_index(struct index_state *istate, int newfd,
 
 	if (!istate->version) {
 		istate->version = get_index_format_default();
-		if (getenv("GIT_TEST_SPLIT_INDEX"))
+		if (git_env_bool("GIT_TEST_SPLIT_INDEX", 0))
 			init_split_index(istate);
 	}
 
@@ -1987,18 +2483,19 @@ static int do_write_index(struct index_state *istate, int newfd,
 	hdr.hdr_version = htonl(hdr_version);
 	hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(entries - removed);
 
-	git_SHA1_Init(&c);
+	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&c);
 	if (ce_write(&c, newfd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	previous_name = (hdr_version == 4) ? &previous_name_buf : NULL;
+
 	for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = cache[i];
 		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
 			continue;
 		if (!ce_uptodate(ce) && is_racy_timestamp(istate, ce))
 			ce_smudge_racily_clean_entry(ce);
-		if (is_null_sha1(ce->sha1)) {
+		if (is_null_oid(&ce->oid)) {
 			static const char msg[] = "cache entry has null sha1: %s";
 			static int allow = -1;
 
@@ -2007,13 +2504,21 @@ static int do_write_index(struct index_state *istate, int newfd,
 			if (allow)
 				warning(msg, ce->name);
 			else
-				return error(msg, ce->name);
+				err = error(msg, ce->name);
+
+			drop_cache_tree = 1;
 		}
-		if (ce_write_entry(&c, newfd, ce, previous_name) < 0)
-			return -1;
+		if (ce_write_entry(&c, newfd, ce, previous_name, (struct ondisk_cache_entry *)&ondisk) < 0)
+			err = -1;
+
+		if (err)
+			break;
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&previous_name_buf);
 
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
 	/* Write extension data here */
 	if (!strip_extensions && istate->split_index) {
 		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -2026,7 +2531,7 @@ static int do_write_index(struct index_state *istate, int newfd,
 		if (err)
 			return -1;
 	}
-	if (!strip_extensions && istate->cache_tree) {
+	if (!strip_extensions && !drop_cache_tree && istate->cache_tree) {
 		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 		cache_tree_write(&sb, istate->cache_tree);
@@ -2047,11 +2552,39 @@ static int do_write_index(struct index_state *istate, int newfd,
 		if (err)
 			return -1;
 	}
+	if (!strip_extensions && istate->untracked) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	if (ce_flush(&c, newfd, istate->sha1) || fstat(newfd, &st))
+		write_untracked_extension(&sb, istate->untracked);
+		err = write_index_ext_header(&c, newfd, CACHE_EXT_UNTRACKED,
+					     sb.len) < 0 ||
+			ce_write(&c, newfd, sb.buf, sb.len) < 0;
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		if (err)
+			return -1;
+	}
+	if (!strip_extensions && istate->fsmonitor_last_update) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		write_fsmonitor_extension(&sb, istate);
+		err = write_index_ext_header(&c, newfd, CACHE_EXT_FSMONITOR, sb.len) < 0
+			|| ce_write(&c, newfd, sb.buf, sb.len) < 0;
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		if (err)
+			return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (ce_flush(&c, newfd, istate->oid.hash))
+		return -1;
+	if (close_tempfile_gently(tempfile)) {
+		error(_("could not close '%s'"), tempfile->filename.buf);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (stat(tempfile->filename.buf, &st))
 		return -1;
 	istate->timestamp.sec = (unsigned int)st.st_mtime;
 	istate->timestamp.nsec = ST_MTIME_NSEC(st);
+	trace_performance_since(start, "write index, changed mask = %x", istate->cache_changed);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2071,17 +2604,12 @@ static int commit_locked_index(struct lock_file *lk)
 static int do_write_locked_index(struct index_state *istate, struct lock_file *lock,
 				 unsigned flags)
 {
-	int ret = do_write_index(istate, lock->fd, 0);
+	int ret = do_write_index(istate, lock->tempfile, 0);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	assert((flags & (COMMIT_LOCK | CLOSE_LOCK)) !=
-	       (COMMIT_LOCK | CLOSE_LOCK));
 	if (flags & COMMIT_LOCK)
 		return commit_locked_index(lock);
-	else if (flags & CLOSE_LOCK)
-		return close_lock_file(lock);
-	else
-		return ret;
+	return close_lock_file_gently(lock);
 }
 
 static int write_split_index(struct index_state *istate,
@@ -2095,91 +2623,198 @@ static int write_split_index(struct index_state *istate,
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static char *temporary_sharedindex;
+static const char *shared_index_expire = "2.weeks.ago";
 
-static void remove_temporary_sharedindex(void)
+static unsigned long get_shared_index_expire_date(void)
 {
-	if (temporary_sharedindex) {
-		unlink_or_warn(temporary_sharedindex);
-		free(temporary_sharedindex);
-		temporary_sharedindex = NULL;
+	static unsigned long shared_index_expire_date;
+	static int shared_index_expire_date_prepared;
+
+	if (!shared_index_expire_date_prepared) {
+		git_config_get_expiry("splitindex.sharedindexexpire",
+				      &shared_index_expire);
+		shared_index_expire_date = approxidate(shared_index_expire);
+		shared_index_expire_date_prepared = 1;
 	}
+
+	return shared_index_expire_date;
+}
+
+static int should_delete_shared_index(const char *shared_index_path)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	unsigned long expiration;
+
+	/* Check timestamp */
+	expiration = get_shared_index_expire_date();
+	if (!expiration)
+		return 0;
+	if (stat(shared_index_path, &st))
+		return error_errno(_("could not stat '%s'"), shared_index_path);
+	if (st.st_mtime > expiration)
+		return 0;
+
+	return 1;
 }
 
-static void remove_temporary_sharedindex_on_signal(int signo)
+static int clean_shared_index_files(const char *current_hex)
 {
-	remove_temporary_sharedindex();
-	sigchain_pop(signo);
-	raise(signo);
+	struct dirent *de;
+	DIR *dir = opendir(get_git_dir());
+
+	if (!dir)
+		return error_errno(_("unable to open git dir: %s"), get_git_dir());
+
+	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+		const char *sha1_hex;
+		const char *shared_index_path;
+		if (!skip_prefix(de->d_name, "sharedindex.", &sha1_hex))
+			continue;
+		if (!strcmp(sha1_hex, current_hex))
+			continue;
+		shared_index_path = git_path("%s", de->d_name);
+		if (should_delete_shared_index(shared_index_path) > 0 &&
+		    unlink(shared_index_path))
+			warning_errno(_("unable to unlink: %s"), shared_index_path);
+	}
+	closedir(dir);
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int write_shared_index(struct index_state *istate,
-			      struct lock_file *lock, unsigned flags)
+			      struct tempfile **temp)
 {
 	struct split_index *si = istate->split_index;
-	static int installed_handler;
-	int fd, ret;
+	int ret;
 
-	temporary_sharedindex = git_pathdup("sharedindex_XXXXXX");
-	fd = mkstemp(temporary_sharedindex);
-	if (fd < 0) {
-		free(temporary_sharedindex);
-		temporary_sharedindex = NULL;
-		hashclr(si->base_sha1);
-		return do_write_locked_index(istate, lock, flags);
-	}
-	if (!installed_handler) {
-		atexit(remove_temporary_sharedindex);
-		sigchain_push_common(remove_temporary_sharedindex_on_signal);
-	}
 	move_cache_to_base_index(istate);
-	ret = do_write_index(si->base, fd, 1);
-	close(fd);
+	ret = do_write_index(si->base, *temp, 1);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	ret = adjust_shared_perm(get_tempfile_path(*temp));
 	if (ret) {
-		remove_temporary_sharedindex();
+		error("cannot fix permission bits on %s", get_tempfile_path(*temp));
 		return ret;
 	}
-	ret = rename(temporary_sharedindex,
-		     git_path("sharedindex.%s", sha1_to_hex(si->base->sha1)));
-	free(temporary_sharedindex);
-	temporary_sharedindex = NULL;
-	if (!ret)
-		hashcpy(si->base_sha1, si->base->sha1);
+	ret = rename_tempfile(temp,
+			      git_path("sharedindex.%s", oid_to_hex(&si->base->oid)));
+	if (!ret) {
+		oidcpy(&si->base_oid, &si->base->oid);
+		clean_shared_index_files(oid_to_hex(&si->base->oid));
+	}
+
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static const int default_max_percent_split_change = 20;
+
+static int too_many_not_shared_entries(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	int i, not_shared = 0;
+	int max_split = git_config_get_max_percent_split_change();
+
+	switch (max_split) {
+	case -1:
+		/* not or badly configured: use the default value */
+		max_split = default_max_percent_split_change;
+		break;
+	case 0:
+		return 1; /* 0% means always write a new shared index */
+	case 100:
+		return 0; /* 100% means never write a new shared index */
+	default:
+		break; /* just use the configured value */
+	}
+
+	/* Count not shared entries */
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
+		if (!ce->index)
+			not_shared++;
+	}
+
+	return (int64_t)istate->cache_nr * max_split < (int64_t)not_shared * 100;
+}
+
 int write_locked_index(struct index_state *istate, struct lock_file *lock,
 		       unsigned flags)
 {
+	int new_shared_index, ret;
 	struct split_index *si = istate->split_index;
 
+	if ((flags & SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED) && !istate->cache_changed) {
+		if (flags & COMMIT_LOCK)
+			rollback_lock_file(lock);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (istate->fsmonitor_last_update)
+		fill_fsmonitor_bitmap(istate);
+
 	if (!si || alternate_index_output ||
 	    (istate->cache_changed & ~EXTMASK)) {
 		if (si)
-			hashclr(si->base_sha1);
-		return do_write_locked_index(istate, lock, flags);
+			oidclr(&si->base_oid);
+		ret = do_write_locked_index(istate, lock, flags);
+		goto out;
 	}
 
-	if (getenv("GIT_TEST_SPLIT_INDEX")) {
-		int v = si->base_sha1[0];
+	if (git_env_bool("GIT_TEST_SPLIT_INDEX", 0)) {
+		int v = si->base_oid.hash[0];
 		if ((v & 15) < 6)
 			istate->cache_changed |= SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED;
 	}
-	if (istate->cache_changed & SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED) {
-		int ret = write_shared_index(istate, lock, flags);
+	if (too_many_not_shared_entries(istate))
+		istate->cache_changed |= SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED;
+
+	new_shared_index = istate->cache_changed & SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED;
+
+	if (new_shared_index) {
+		struct tempfile *temp;
+		int saved_errno;
+
+		temp = mks_tempfile(git_path("sharedindex_XXXXXX"));
+		if (!temp) {
+			oidclr(&si->base_oid);
+			ret = do_write_locked_index(istate, lock, flags);
+			goto out;
+		}
+		ret = write_shared_index(istate, &temp);
+
+		saved_errno = errno;
+		if (is_tempfile_active(temp))
+			delete_tempfile(&temp);
+		errno = saved_errno;
+
 		if (ret)
-			return ret;
+			goto out;
 	}
 
-	return write_split_index(istate, lock, flags);
+	ret = write_split_index(istate, lock, flags);
+
+	/* Freshen the shared index only if the split-index was written */
+	if (!ret && !new_shared_index) {
+		const char *shared_index = git_path("sharedindex.%s",
+						    oid_to_hex(&si->base_oid));
+		freshen_shared_index(shared_index, 1);
+	}
+
+out:
+	if (flags & COMMIT_LOCK)
+		rollback_lock_file(lock);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 /*
  * Read the index file that is potentially unmerged into given
- * index_state, dropping any unmerged entries.  Returns true if
- * the index is unmerged.  Callers who want to refuse to work
- * from an unmerged state can call this and check its return value,
- * instead of calling read_cache().
+ * index_state, dropping any unmerged entries to stage #0 (potentially
+ * resulting in a path appearing as both a file and a directory in the
+ * index; the caller is responsible to clear out the extra entries
+ * before writing the index to a tree).  Returns true if the index is
+ * unmerged.  Callers who want to refuse to work from an unmerged
+ * state can call this and check its return value, instead of calling
+ * read_cache().
  */
 int read_index_unmerged(struct index_state *istate)
 {
@@ -2190,19 +2825,18 @@ int read_index_unmerged(struct index_state *istate)
 	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
 		struct cache_entry *new_ce;
-		int size, len;
+		int len;
 
 		if (!ce_stage(ce))
 			continue;
 		unmerged = 1;
 		len = ce_namelen(ce);
-		size = cache_entry_size(len);
-		new_ce = xcalloc(1, size);
+		new_ce = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, len);
 		memcpy(new_ce->name, ce->name, len);
 		new_ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(0) | CE_CONFLICTED;
 		new_ce->ce_namelen = len;
 		new_ce->ce_mode = ce->ce_mode;
-		if (add_index_entry(istate, new_ce, 0))
+		if (add_index_entry(istate, new_ce, ADD_CACHE_SKIP_DFCHECK))
 			return error("%s: cannot drop to stage #0",
 				     new_ce->name);
 	}
@@ -2237,7 +2871,8 @@ int index_name_is_other(const struct index_state *istate, const char *name,
 	return 1;
 }
 
-void *read_blob_data_from_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, unsigned long *size)
+void *read_blob_data_from_index(const struct index_state *istate,
+				const char *path, unsigned long *size)
 {
 	int pos, len;
 	unsigned long sz;
@@ -2261,7 +2896,7 @@ void *read_blob_data_from_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, un
 	}
 	if (pos < 0)
 		return NULL;
-	data = read_sha1_file(istate->cache[pos]->sha1, &type, &sz);
+	data = read_object_file(&istate->cache[pos]->oid, &type, &sz);
 	if (!data || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
 		free(data);
 		return NULL;
@@ -2273,8 +2908,7 @@ void *read_blob_data_from_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, un
 
 void stat_validity_clear(struct stat_validity *sv)
 {
-	free(sv->sd);
-	sv->sd = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(sv->sd);
 }
 
 int stat_validity_check(struct stat_validity *sv, const char *path)
@@ -2300,3 +2934,47 @@ void stat_validity_update(struct stat_validity *sv, int fd)
 		fill_stat_data(sv->sd, &st);
 	}
 }
+
+void move_index_extensions(struct index_state *dst, struct index_state *src)
+{
+	dst->untracked = src->untracked;
+	src->untracked = NULL;
+}
+
+struct cache_entry *dup_cache_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce,
+				    struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	unsigned int size = ce_size(ce);
+	int mem_pool_allocated;
+	struct cache_entry *new_entry = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, ce_namelen(ce));
+	mem_pool_allocated = new_entry->mem_pool_allocated;
+
+	memcpy(new_entry, ce, size);
+	new_entry->mem_pool_allocated = mem_pool_allocated;
+	return new_entry;
+}
+
+void discard_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	if (ce && should_validate_cache_entries())
+		memset(ce, 0xCD, cache_entry_size(ce->ce_namelen));
+
+	if (ce && ce->mem_pool_allocated)
+		return;
+
+	free(ce);
+}
+
+int should_validate_cache_entries(void)
+{
+	static int validate_index_cache_entries = -1;
+
+	if (validate_index_cache_entries < 0) {
+		if (getenv("GIT_TEST_VALIDATE_INDEX_CACHE_ENTRIES"))
+			validate_index_cache_entries = 1;
+		else
+			validate_index_cache_entries = 0;
+	}
+
+	return validate_index_cache_entries;
+}
diff --git a/ref-filter.c b/ref-filter.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0bccfceff2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ref-filter.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2452 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "wildmatch.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "color.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "ref-filter.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "version.h"
+#include "trailer.h"
+#include "wt-status.h"
+#include "commit-slab.h"
+#include "commit-graph.h"
+
+static struct ref_msg {
+	const char *gone;
+	const char *ahead;
+	const char *behind;
+	const char *ahead_behind;
+} msgs = {
+	 /* Untranslated plumbing messages: */
+	"gone",
+	"ahead %d",
+	"behind %d",
+	"ahead %d, behind %d"
+};
+
+void setup_ref_filter_porcelain_msg(void)
+{
+	msgs.gone = _("gone");
+	msgs.ahead = _("ahead %d");
+	msgs.behind = _("behind %d");
+	msgs.ahead_behind = _("ahead %d, behind %d");
+}
+
+typedef enum { FIELD_STR, FIELD_ULONG, FIELD_TIME } cmp_type;
+typedef enum { COMPARE_EQUAL, COMPARE_UNEQUAL, COMPARE_NONE } cmp_status;
+typedef enum { SOURCE_NONE = 0, SOURCE_OBJ, SOURCE_OTHER } info_source;
+
+struct align {
+	align_type position;
+	unsigned int width;
+};
+
+struct if_then_else {
+	cmp_status cmp_status;
+	const char *str;
+	unsigned int then_atom_seen : 1,
+		else_atom_seen : 1,
+		condition_satisfied : 1;
+};
+
+struct refname_atom {
+	enum { R_NORMAL, R_SHORT, R_LSTRIP, R_RSTRIP } option;
+	int lstrip, rstrip;
+};
+
+static struct expand_data {
+	struct object_id oid;
+	enum object_type type;
+	unsigned long size;
+	off_t disk_size;
+	struct object_id delta_base_oid;
+	void *content;
+
+	struct object_info info;
+} oi, oi_deref;
+
+/*
+ * An atom is a valid field atom listed below, possibly prefixed with
+ * a "*" to denote deref_tag().
+ *
+ * We parse given format string and sort specifiers, and make a list
+ * of properties that we need to extract out of objects.  ref_array_item
+ * structure will hold an array of values extracted that can be
+ * indexed with the "atom number", which is an index into this
+ * array.
+ */
+static struct used_atom {
+	const char *name;
+	cmp_type type;
+	info_source source;
+	union {
+		char color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
+		struct align align;
+		struct {
+			enum {
+				RR_REF, RR_TRACK, RR_TRACKSHORT, RR_REMOTE_NAME, RR_REMOTE_REF
+			} option;
+			struct refname_atom refname;
+			unsigned int nobracket : 1, push : 1, push_remote : 1;
+		} remote_ref;
+		struct {
+			enum { C_BARE, C_BODY, C_BODY_DEP, C_LINES, C_SIG, C_SUB, C_TRAILERS } option;
+			struct process_trailer_options trailer_opts;
+			unsigned int nlines;
+		} contents;
+		struct {
+			cmp_status cmp_status;
+			const char *str;
+		} if_then_else;
+		struct {
+			enum { O_FULL, O_LENGTH, O_SHORT } option;
+			unsigned int length;
+		} objectname;
+		struct refname_atom refname;
+		char *head;
+	} u;
+} *used_atom;
+static int used_atom_cnt, need_tagged, need_symref;
+
+/*
+ * Expand string, append it to strbuf *sb, then return error code ret.
+ * Allow to save few lines of code.
+ */
+static int strbuf_addf_ret(struct strbuf *sb, int ret, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	strbuf_vaddf(sb, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int color_atom_parser(const struct ref_format *format, struct used_atom *atom,
+			     const char *color_value, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	if (!color_value)
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("expected format: %%(color:<color>)"));
+	if (color_parse(color_value, atom->u.color) < 0)
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("unrecognized color: %%(color:%s)"),
+				       color_value);
+	/*
+	 * We check this after we've parsed the color, which lets us complain
+	 * about syntactically bogus color names even if they won't be used.
+	 */
+	if (!want_color(format->use_color))
+		color_parse("", atom->u.color);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int refname_atom_parser_internal(struct refname_atom *atom, const char *arg,
+					 const char *name, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	if (!arg)
+		atom->option = R_NORMAL;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "short"))
+		atom->option = R_SHORT;
+	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "lstrip=", &arg) ||
+		 skip_prefix(arg, "strip=", &arg)) {
+		atom->option = R_LSTRIP;
+		if (strtol_i(arg, 10, &atom->lstrip))
+			return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("Integer value expected refname:lstrip=%s"), arg);
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "rstrip=", &arg)) {
+		atom->option = R_RSTRIP;
+		if (strtol_i(arg, 10, &atom->rstrip))
+			return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("Integer value expected refname:rstrip=%s"), arg);
+	} else
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("unrecognized %%(%s) argument: %s"), name, arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int remote_ref_atom_parser(const struct ref_format *format, struct used_atom *atom,
+				  const char *arg, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct string_list params = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!strcmp(atom->name, "push") || starts_with(atom->name, "push:"))
+		atom->u.remote_ref.push = 1;
+
+	if (!arg) {
+		atom->u.remote_ref.option = RR_REF;
+		return refname_atom_parser_internal(&atom->u.remote_ref.refname,
+						    arg, atom->name, err);
+	}
+
+	atom->u.remote_ref.nobracket = 0;
+	string_list_split(&params, arg, ',', -1);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < params.nr; i++) {
+		const char *s = params.items[i].string;
+
+		if (!strcmp(s, "track"))
+			atom->u.remote_ref.option = RR_TRACK;
+		else if (!strcmp(s, "trackshort"))
+			atom->u.remote_ref.option = RR_TRACKSHORT;
+		else if (!strcmp(s, "nobracket"))
+			atom->u.remote_ref.nobracket = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(s, "remotename")) {
+			atom->u.remote_ref.option = RR_REMOTE_NAME;
+			atom->u.remote_ref.push_remote = 1;
+		} else if (!strcmp(s, "remoteref")) {
+			atom->u.remote_ref.option = RR_REMOTE_REF;
+			atom->u.remote_ref.push_remote = 1;
+		} else {
+			atom->u.remote_ref.option = RR_REF;
+			if (refname_atom_parser_internal(&atom->u.remote_ref.refname,
+							 arg, atom->name, err)) {
+				string_list_clear(&params, 0);
+				return -1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	string_list_clear(&params, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int objecttype_atom_parser(const struct ref_format *format, struct used_atom *atom,
+				  const char *arg, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	if (arg)
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("%%(objecttype) does not take arguments"));
+	if (*atom->name == '*')
+		oi_deref.info.typep = &oi_deref.type;
+	else
+		oi.info.typep = &oi.type;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int objectsize_atom_parser(const struct ref_format *format, struct used_atom *atom,
+				  const char *arg, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	if (arg)
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("%%(objectsize) does not take arguments"));
+	if (*atom->name == '*')
+		oi_deref.info.sizep = &oi_deref.size;
+	else
+		oi.info.sizep = &oi.size;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int body_atom_parser(const struct ref_format *format, struct used_atom *atom,
+			    const char *arg, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	if (arg)
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("%%(body) does not take arguments"));
+	atom->u.contents.option = C_BODY_DEP;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int subject_atom_parser(const struct ref_format *format, struct used_atom *atom,
+			       const char *arg, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	if (arg)
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("%%(subject) does not take arguments"));
+	atom->u.contents.option = C_SUB;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int trailers_atom_parser(const struct ref_format *format, struct used_atom *atom,
+				const char *arg, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct string_list params = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	int i;
+
+	if (arg) {
+		string_list_split(&params, arg, ',', -1);
+		for (i = 0; i < params.nr; i++) {
+			const char *s = params.items[i].string;
+			if (!strcmp(s, "unfold"))
+				atom->u.contents.trailer_opts.unfold = 1;
+			else if (!strcmp(s, "only"))
+				atom->u.contents.trailer_opts.only_trailers = 1;
+			else {
+				strbuf_addf(err, _("unknown %%(trailers) argument: %s"), s);
+				string_list_clear(&params, 0);
+				return -1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	atom->u.contents.option = C_TRAILERS;
+	string_list_clear(&params, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int contents_atom_parser(const struct ref_format *format, struct used_atom *atom,
+				const char *arg, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	if (!arg)
+		atom->u.contents.option = C_BARE;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "body"))
+		atom->u.contents.option = C_BODY;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "signature"))
+		atom->u.contents.option = C_SIG;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "subject"))
+		atom->u.contents.option = C_SUB;
+	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "trailers", &arg)) {
+		skip_prefix(arg, ":", &arg);
+		if (trailers_atom_parser(format, atom, *arg ? arg : NULL, err))
+			return -1;
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "lines=", &arg)) {
+		atom->u.contents.option = C_LINES;
+		if (strtoul_ui(arg, 10, &atom->u.contents.nlines))
+			return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("positive value expected contents:lines=%s"), arg);
+	} else
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("unrecognized %%(contents) argument: %s"), arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int objectname_atom_parser(const struct ref_format *format, struct used_atom *atom,
+				  const char *arg, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	if (!arg)
+		atom->u.objectname.option = O_FULL;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "short"))
+		atom->u.objectname.option = O_SHORT;
+	else if (skip_prefix(arg, "short=", &arg)) {
+		atom->u.objectname.option = O_LENGTH;
+		if (strtoul_ui(arg, 10, &atom->u.objectname.length) ||
+		    atom->u.objectname.length == 0)
+			return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("positive value expected objectname:short=%s"), arg);
+		if (atom->u.objectname.length < MINIMUM_ABBREV)
+			atom->u.objectname.length = MINIMUM_ABBREV;
+	} else
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("unrecognized %%(objectname) argument: %s"), arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int refname_atom_parser(const struct ref_format *format, struct used_atom *atom,
+			       const char *arg, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	return refname_atom_parser_internal(&atom->u.refname, arg, atom->name, err);
+}
+
+static align_type parse_align_position(const char *s)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(s, "right"))
+		return ALIGN_RIGHT;
+	else if (!strcmp(s, "middle"))
+		return ALIGN_MIDDLE;
+	else if (!strcmp(s, "left"))
+		return ALIGN_LEFT;
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int align_atom_parser(const struct ref_format *format, struct used_atom *atom,
+			     const char *arg, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct align *align = &atom->u.align;
+	struct string_list params = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	int i;
+	unsigned int width = ~0U;
+
+	if (!arg)
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("expected format: %%(align:<width>,<position>)"));
+
+	align->position = ALIGN_LEFT;
+
+	string_list_split(&params, arg, ',', -1);
+	for (i = 0; i < params.nr; i++) {
+		const char *s = params.items[i].string;
+		int position;
+
+		if (skip_prefix(s, "position=", &s)) {
+			position = parse_align_position(s);
+			if (position < 0) {
+				strbuf_addf(err, _("unrecognized position:%s"), s);
+				string_list_clear(&params, 0);
+				return -1;
+			}
+			align->position = position;
+		} else if (skip_prefix(s, "width=", &s)) {
+			if (strtoul_ui(s, 10, &width)) {
+				strbuf_addf(err, _("unrecognized width:%s"), s);
+				string_list_clear(&params, 0);
+				return -1;
+			}
+		} else if (!strtoul_ui(s, 10, &width))
+			;
+		else if ((position = parse_align_position(s)) >= 0)
+			align->position = position;
+		else {
+			strbuf_addf(err, _("unrecognized %%(align) argument: %s"), s);
+			string_list_clear(&params, 0);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (width == ~0U) {
+		string_list_clear(&params, 0);
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("positive width expected with the %%(align) atom"));
+	}
+	align->width = width;
+	string_list_clear(&params, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int if_atom_parser(const struct ref_format *format, struct used_atom *atom,
+			  const char *arg, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	if (!arg) {
+		atom->u.if_then_else.cmp_status = COMPARE_NONE;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "equals=", &atom->u.if_then_else.str)) {
+		atom->u.if_then_else.cmp_status = COMPARE_EQUAL;
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "notequals=", &atom->u.if_then_else.str)) {
+		atom->u.if_then_else.cmp_status = COMPARE_UNEQUAL;
+	} else
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("unrecognized %%(if) argument: %s"), arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int head_atom_parser(const struct ref_format *format, struct used_atom *atom,
+			    const char *arg, struct strbuf *unused_err)
+{
+	atom->u.head = resolve_refdup("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING, NULL, NULL);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct {
+	const char *name;
+	info_source source;
+	cmp_type cmp_type;
+	int (*parser)(const struct ref_format *format, struct used_atom *atom,
+		      const char *arg, struct strbuf *err);
+} valid_atom[] = {
+	{ "refname", SOURCE_NONE, FIELD_STR, refname_atom_parser },
+	{ "objecttype", SOURCE_OTHER, FIELD_STR, objecttype_atom_parser },
+	{ "objectsize", SOURCE_OTHER, FIELD_ULONG, objectsize_atom_parser },
+	{ "objectname", SOURCE_OTHER, FIELD_STR, objectname_atom_parser },
+	{ "tree", SOURCE_OBJ },
+	{ "parent", SOURCE_OBJ },
+	{ "numparent", SOURCE_OBJ, FIELD_ULONG },
+	{ "object", SOURCE_OBJ },
+	{ "type", SOURCE_OBJ },
+	{ "tag", SOURCE_OBJ },
+	{ "author", SOURCE_OBJ },
+	{ "authorname", SOURCE_OBJ },
+	{ "authoremail", SOURCE_OBJ },
+	{ "authordate", SOURCE_OBJ, FIELD_TIME },
+	{ "committer", SOURCE_OBJ },
+	{ "committername", SOURCE_OBJ },
+	{ "committeremail", SOURCE_OBJ },
+	{ "committerdate", SOURCE_OBJ, FIELD_TIME },
+	{ "tagger", SOURCE_OBJ },
+	{ "taggername", SOURCE_OBJ },
+	{ "taggeremail", SOURCE_OBJ },
+	{ "taggerdate", SOURCE_OBJ, FIELD_TIME },
+	{ "creator", SOURCE_OBJ },
+	{ "creatordate", SOURCE_OBJ, FIELD_TIME },
+	{ "subject", SOURCE_OBJ, FIELD_STR, subject_atom_parser },
+	{ "body", SOURCE_OBJ, FIELD_STR, body_atom_parser },
+	{ "trailers", SOURCE_OBJ, FIELD_STR, trailers_atom_parser },
+	{ "contents", SOURCE_OBJ, FIELD_STR, contents_atom_parser },
+	{ "upstream", SOURCE_NONE, FIELD_STR, remote_ref_atom_parser },
+	{ "push", SOURCE_NONE, FIELD_STR, remote_ref_atom_parser },
+	{ "symref", SOURCE_NONE, FIELD_STR, refname_atom_parser },
+	{ "flag", SOURCE_NONE },
+	{ "HEAD", SOURCE_NONE, FIELD_STR, head_atom_parser },
+	{ "color", SOURCE_NONE, FIELD_STR, color_atom_parser },
+	{ "align", SOURCE_NONE, FIELD_STR, align_atom_parser },
+	{ "end", SOURCE_NONE },
+	{ "if", SOURCE_NONE, FIELD_STR, if_atom_parser },
+	{ "then", SOURCE_NONE },
+	{ "else", SOURCE_NONE },
+};
+
+#define REF_FORMATTING_STATE_INIT  { 0, NULL }
+
+struct ref_formatting_stack {
+	struct ref_formatting_stack *prev;
+	struct strbuf output;
+	void (*at_end)(struct ref_formatting_stack **stack);
+	void *at_end_data;
+};
+
+struct ref_formatting_state {
+	int quote_style;
+	struct ref_formatting_stack *stack;
+};
+
+struct atom_value {
+	const char *s;
+	int (*handler)(struct atom_value *atomv, struct ref_formatting_state *state,
+		       struct strbuf *err);
+	uintmax_t value; /* used for sorting when not FIELD_STR */
+	struct used_atom *atom;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Used to parse format string and sort specifiers
+ */
+static int parse_ref_filter_atom(const struct ref_format *format,
+				 const char *atom, const char *ep,
+				 struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	const char *sp;
+	const char *arg;
+	int i, at, atom_len;
+
+	sp = atom;
+	if (*sp == '*' && sp < ep)
+		sp++; /* deref */
+	if (ep <= sp)
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("malformed field name: %.*s"),
+				       (int)(ep-atom), atom);
+
+	/* Do we have the atom already used elsewhere? */
+	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
+		int len = strlen(used_atom[i].name);
+		if (len == ep - atom && !memcmp(used_atom[i].name, atom, len))
+			return i;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If the atom name has a colon, strip it and everything after
+	 * it off - it specifies the format for this entry, and
+	 * shouldn't be used for checking against the valid_atom
+	 * table.
+	 */
+	arg = memchr(sp, ':', ep - sp);
+	atom_len = (arg ? arg : ep) - sp;
+
+	/* Is the atom a valid one? */
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(valid_atom); i++) {
+		int len = strlen(valid_atom[i].name);
+		if (len == atom_len && !memcmp(valid_atom[i].name, sp, len))
+			break;
+	}
+
+	if (ARRAY_SIZE(valid_atom) <= i)
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("unknown field name: %.*s"),
+				       (int)(ep-atom), atom);
+
+	/* Add it in, including the deref prefix */
+	at = used_atom_cnt;
+	used_atom_cnt++;
+	REALLOC_ARRAY(used_atom, used_atom_cnt);
+	used_atom[at].name = xmemdupz(atom, ep - atom);
+	used_atom[at].type = valid_atom[i].cmp_type;
+	used_atom[at].source = valid_atom[i].source;
+	if (used_atom[at].source == SOURCE_OBJ) {
+		if (*atom == '*')
+			oi_deref.info.contentp = &oi_deref.content;
+		else
+			oi.info.contentp = &oi.content;
+	}
+	if (arg) {
+		arg = used_atom[at].name + (arg - atom) + 1;
+		if (!*arg) {
+			/*
+			 * Treat empty sub-arguments list as NULL (i.e.,
+			 * "%(atom:)" is equivalent to "%(atom)").
+			 */
+			arg = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	memset(&used_atom[at].u, 0, sizeof(used_atom[at].u));
+	if (valid_atom[i].parser && valid_atom[i].parser(format, &used_atom[at], arg, err))
+		return -1;
+	if (*atom == '*')
+		need_tagged = 1;
+	if (!strcmp(valid_atom[i].name, "symref"))
+		need_symref = 1;
+	return at;
+}
+
+static void quote_formatting(struct strbuf *s, const char *str, int quote_style)
+{
+	switch (quote_style) {
+	case QUOTE_NONE:
+		strbuf_addstr(s, str);
+		break;
+	case QUOTE_SHELL:
+		sq_quote_buf(s, str);
+		break;
+	case QUOTE_PERL:
+		perl_quote_buf(s, str);
+		break;
+	case QUOTE_PYTHON:
+		python_quote_buf(s, str);
+		break;
+	case QUOTE_TCL:
+		tcl_quote_buf(s, str);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static int append_atom(struct atom_value *v, struct ref_formatting_state *state,
+		       struct strbuf *unused_err)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Quote formatting is only done when the stack has a single
+	 * element. Otherwise quote formatting is done on the
+	 * element's entire output strbuf when the %(end) atom is
+	 * encountered.
+	 */
+	if (!state->stack->prev)
+		quote_formatting(&state->stack->output, v->s, state->quote_style);
+	else
+		strbuf_addstr(&state->stack->output, v->s);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void push_stack_element(struct ref_formatting_stack **stack)
+{
+	struct ref_formatting_stack *s = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_formatting_stack));
+
+	strbuf_init(&s->output, 0);
+	s->prev = *stack;
+	*stack = s;
+}
+
+static void pop_stack_element(struct ref_formatting_stack **stack)
+{
+	struct ref_formatting_stack *current = *stack;
+	struct ref_formatting_stack *prev = current->prev;
+
+	if (prev)
+		strbuf_addbuf(&prev->output, &current->output);
+	strbuf_release(&current->output);
+	free(current);
+	*stack = prev;
+}
+
+static void end_align_handler(struct ref_formatting_stack **stack)
+{
+	struct ref_formatting_stack *cur = *stack;
+	struct align *align = (struct align *)cur->at_end_data;
+	struct strbuf s = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_utf8_align(&s, align->position, align->width, cur->output.buf);
+	strbuf_swap(&cur->output, &s);
+	strbuf_release(&s);
+}
+
+static int align_atom_handler(struct atom_value *atomv, struct ref_formatting_state *state,
+			      struct strbuf *unused_err)
+{
+	struct ref_formatting_stack *new_stack;
+
+	push_stack_element(&state->stack);
+	new_stack = state->stack;
+	new_stack->at_end = end_align_handler;
+	new_stack->at_end_data = &atomv->atom->u.align;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void if_then_else_handler(struct ref_formatting_stack **stack)
+{
+	struct ref_formatting_stack *cur = *stack;
+	struct ref_formatting_stack *prev = cur->prev;
+	struct if_then_else *if_then_else = (struct if_then_else *)cur->at_end_data;
+
+	if (!if_then_else->then_atom_seen)
+		die(_("format: %%(if) atom used without a %%(then) atom"));
+
+	if (if_then_else->else_atom_seen) {
+		/*
+		 * There is an %(else) atom: we need to drop one state from the
+		 * stack, either the %(else) branch if the condition is satisfied, or
+		 * the %(then) branch if it isn't.
+		 */
+		if (if_then_else->condition_satisfied) {
+			strbuf_reset(&cur->output);
+			pop_stack_element(&cur);
+		} else {
+			strbuf_swap(&cur->output, &prev->output);
+			strbuf_reset(&cur->output);
+			pop_stack_element(&cur);
+		}
+	} else if (!if_then_else->condition_satisfied) {
+		/*
+		 * No %(else) atom: just drop the %(then) branch if the
+		 * condition is not satisfied.
+		 */
+		strbuf_reset(&cur->output);
+	}
+
+	*stack = cur;
+	free(if_then_else);
+}
+
+static int if_atom_handler(struct atom_value *atomv, struct ref_formatting_state *state,
+			   struct strbuf *unused_err)
+{
+	struct ref_formatting_stack *new_stack;
+	struct if_then_else *if_then_else = xcalloc(sizeof(struct if_then_else), 1);
+
+	if_then_else->str = atomv->atom->u.if_then_else.str;
+	if_then_else->cmp_status = atomv->atom->u.if_then_else.cmp_status;
+
+	push_stack_element(&state->stack);
+	new_stack = state->stack;
+	new_stack->at_end = if_then_else_handler;
+	new_stack->at_end_data = if_then_else;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int is_empty(const char *s)
+{
+	while (*s != '\0') {
+		if (!isspace(*s))
+			return 0;
+		s++;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int then_atom_handler(struct atom_value *atomv, struct ref_formatting_state *state,
+			     struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct ref_formatting_stack *cur = state->stack;
+	struct if_then_else *if_then_else = NULL;
+
+	if (cur->at_end == if_then_else_handler)
+		if_then_else = (struct if_then_else *)cur->at_end_data;
+	if (!if_then_else)
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("format: %%(then) atom used without an %%(if) atom"));
+	if (if_then_else->then_atom_seen)
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("format: %%(then) atom used more than once"));
+	if (if_then_else->else_atom_seen)
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("format: %%(then) atom used after %%(else)"));
+	if_then_else->then_atom_seen = 1;
+	/*
+	 * If the 'equals' or 'notequals' attribute is used then
+	 * perform the required comparison. If not, only non-empty
+	 * strings satisfy the 'if' condition.
+	 */
+	if (if_then_else->cmp_status == COMPARE_EQUAL) {
+		if (!strcmp(if_then_else->str, cur->output.buf))
+			if_then_else->condition_satisfied = 1;
+	} else if (if_then_else->cmp_status == COMPARE_UNEQUAL) {
+		if (strcmp(if_then_else->str, cur->output.buf))
+			if_then_else->condition_satisfied = 1;
+	} else if (cur->output.len && !is_empty(cur->output.buf))
+		if_then_else->condition_satisfied = 1;
+	strbuf_reset(&cur->output);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int else_atom_handler(struct atom_value *atomv, struct ref_formatting_state *state,
+			     struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct ref_formatting_stack *prev = state->stack;
+	struct if_then_else *if_then_else = NULL;
+
+	if (prev->at_end == if_then_else_handler)
+		if_then_else = (struct if_then_else *)prev->at_end_data;
+	if (!if_then_else)
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("format: %%(else) atom used without an %%(if) atom"));
+	if (!if_then_else->then_atom_seen)
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("format: %%(else) atom used without a %%(then) atom"));
+	if (if_then_else->else_atom_seen)
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("format: %%(else) atom used more than once"));
+	if_then_else->else_atom_seen = 1;
+	push_stack_element(&state->stack);
+	state->stack->at_end_data = prev->at_end_data;
+	state->stack->at_end = prev->at_end;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int end_atom_handler(struct atom_value *atomv, struct ref_formatting_state *state,
+			    struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct ref_formatting_stack *current = state->stack;
+	struct strbuf s = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!current->at_end)
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("format: %%(end) atom used without corresponding atom"));
+	current->at_end(&state->stack);
+
+	/*  Stack may have been popped within at_end(), hence reset the current pointer */
+	current = state->stack;
+
+	/*
+	 * Perform quote formatting when the stack element is that of
+	 * a supporting atom. If nested then perform quote formatting
+	 * only on the topmost supporting atom.
+	 */
+	if (!current->prev->prev) {
+		quote_formatting(&s, current->output.buf, state->quote_style);
+		strbuf_swap(&current->output, &s);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&s);
+	pop_stack_element(&state->stack);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * In a format string, find the next occurrence of %(atom).
+ */
+static const char *find_next(const char *cp)
+{
+	while (*cp) {
+		if (*cp == '%') {
+			/*
+			 * %( is the start of an atom;
+			 * %% is a quoted per-cent.
+			 */
+			if (cp[1] == '(')
+				return cp;
+			else if (cp[1] == '%')
+				cp++; /* skip over two % */
+			/* otherwise this is a singleton, literal % */
+		}
+		cp++;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Make sure the format string is well formed, and parse out
+ * the used atoms.
+ */
+int verify_ref_format(struct ref_format *format)
+{
+	const char *cp, *sp;
+
+	format->need_color_reset_at_eol = 0;
+	for (cp = format->format; *cp && (sp = find_next(cp)); ) {
+		struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+		const char *color, *ep = strchr(sp, ')');
+		int at;
+
+		if (!ep)
+			return error(_("malformed format string %s"), sp);
+		/* sp points at "%(" and ep points at the closing ")" */
+		at = parse_ref_filter_atom(format, sp + 2, ep, &err);
+		if (at < 0)
+			die("%s", err.buf);
+		cp = ep + 1;
+
+		if (skip_prefix(used_atom[at].name, "color:", &color))
+			format->need_color_reset_at_eol = !!strcmp(color, "reset");
+		strbuf_release(&err);
+	}
+	if (format->need_color_reset_at_eol && !want_color(format->use_color))
+		format->need_color_reset_at_eol = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int grab_objectname(const char *name, const struct object_id *oid,
+			   struct atom_value *v, struct used_atom *atom)
+{
+	if (starts_with(name, "objectname")) {
+		if (atom->u.objectname.option == O_SHORT) {
+			v->s = xstrdup(find_unique_abbrev(oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+			return 1;
+		} else if (atom->u.objectname.option == O_FULL) {
+			v->s = xstrdup(oid_to_hex(oid));
+			return 1;
+		} else if (atom->u.objectname.option == O_LENGTH) {
+			v->s = xstrdup(find_unique_abbrev(oid, atom->u.objectname.length));
+			return 1;
+		} else
+			BUG("unknown %%(objectname) option");
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* See grab_values */
+static void grab_common_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct expand_data *oi)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
+		const char *name = used_atom[i].name;
+		struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
+		if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
+			continue;
+		if (deref)
+			name++;
+		if (!strcmp(name, "objecttype"))
+			v->s = type_name(oi->type);
+		else if (!strcmp(name, "objectsize")) {
+			v->value = oi->size;
+			v->s = xstrfmt("%lu", oi->size);
+		}
+		else if (deref)
+			grab_objectname(name, &oi->oid, v, &used_atom[i]);
+	}
+}
+
+/* See grab_values */
+static void grab_tag_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct tag *tag = (struct tag *) obj;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
+		const char *name = used_atom[i].name;
+		struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
+		if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
+			continue;
+		if (deref)
+			name++;
+		if (!strcmp(name, "tag"))
+			v->s = tag->tag;
+		else if (!strcmp(name, "type") && tag->tagged)
+			v->s = type_name(tag->tagged->type);
+		else if (!strcmp(name, "object") && tag->tagged)
+			v->s = xstrdup(oid_to_hex(&tag->tagged->oid));
+	}
+}
+
+/* See grab_values */
+static void grab_commit_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct commit *commit = (struct commit *) obj;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
+		const char *name = used_atom[i].name;
+		struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
+		if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
+			continue;
+		if (deref)
+			name++;
+		if (!strcmp(name, "tree")) {
+			v->s = xstrdup(oid_to_hex(get_commit_tree_oid(commit)));
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(name, "numparent")) {
+			v->value = commit_list_count(commit->parents);
+			v->s = xstrfmt("%lu", (unsigned long)v->value);
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(name, "parent")) {
+			struct commit_list *parents;
+			struct strbuf s = STRBUF_INIT;
+			for (parents = commit->parents; parents; parents = parents->next) {
+				struct commit *parent = parents->item;
+				if (parents != commit->parents)
+					strbuf_addch(&s, ' ');
+				strbuf_addstr(&s, oid_to_hex(&parent->object.oid));
+			}
+			v->s = strbuf_detach(&s, NULL);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static const char *find_wholine(const char *who, int wholen, const char *buf, unsigned long sz)
+{
+	const char *eol;
+	while (*buf) {
+		if (!strncmp(buf, who, wholen) &&
+		    buf[wholen] == ' ')
+			return buf + wholen + 1;
+		eol = strchr(buf, '\n');
+		if (!eol)
+			return "";
+		eol++;
+		if (*eol == '\n')
+			return ""; /* end of header */
+		buf = eol;
+	}
+	return "";
+}
+
+static const char *copy_line(const char *buf)
+{
+	const char *eol = strchrnul(buf, '\n');
+	return xmemdupz(buf, eol - buf);
+}
+
+static const char *copy_name(const char *buf)
+{
+	const char *cp;
+	for (cp = buf; *cp && *cp != '\n'; cp++) {
+		if (!strncmp(cp, " <", 2))
+			return xmemdupz(buf, cp - buf);
+	}
+	return "";
+}
+
+static const char *copy_email(const char *buf)
+{
+	const char *email = strchr(buf, '<');
+	const char *eoemail;
+	if (!email)
+		return "";
+	eoemail = strchr(email, '>');
+	if (!eoemail)
+		return "";
+	return xmemdupz(email, eoemail + 1 - email);
+}
+
+static char *copy_subject(const char *buf, unsigned long len)
+{
+	char *r = xmemdupz(buf, len);
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+		if (r[i] == '\n')
+			r[i] = ' ';
+
+	return r;
+}
+
+static void grab_date(const char *buf, struct atom_value *v, const char *atomname)
+{
+	const char *eoemail = strstr(buf, "> ");
+	char *zone;
+	timestamp_t timestamp;
+	long tz;
+	struct date_mode date_mode = { DATE_NORMAL };
+	const char *formatp;
+
+	/*
+	 * We got here because atomname ends in "date" or "date<something>";
+	 * it's not possible that <something> is not ":<format>" because
+	 * parse_ref_filter_atom() wouldn't have allowed it, so we can assume that no
+	 * ":" means no format is specified, and use the default.
+	 */
+	formatp = strchr(atomname, ':');
+	if (formatp != NULL) {
+		formatp++;
+		parse_date_format(formatp, &date_mode);
+	}
+
+	if (!eoemail)
+		goto bad;
+	timestamp = parse_timestamp(eoemail + 2, &zone, 10);
+	if (timestamp == TIME_MAX)
+		goto bad;
+	tz = strtol(zone, NULL, 10);
+	if ((tz == LONG_MIN || tz == LONG_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)
+		goto bad;
+	v->s = xstrdup(show_date(timestamp, tz, &date_mode));
+	v->value = timestamp;
+	return;
+ bad:
+	v->s = "";
+	v->value = 0;
+}
+
+/* See grab_values */
+static void grab_person(const char *who, struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
+{
+	int i;
+	int wholen = strlen(who);
+	const char *wholine = NULL;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
+		const char *name = used_atom[i].name;
+		struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
+		if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
+			continue;
+		if (deref)
+			name++;
+		if (strncmp(who, name, wholen))
+			continue;
+		if (name[wholen] != 0 &&
+		    strcmp(name + wholen, "name") &&
+		    strcmp(name + wholen, "email") &&
+		    !starts_with(name + wholen, "date"))
+			continue;
+		if (!wholine)
+			wholine = find_wholine(who, wholen, buf, sz);
+		if (!wholine)
+			return; /* no point looking for it */
+		if (name[wholen] == 0)
+			v->s = copy_line(wholine);
+		else if (!strcmp(name + wholen, "name"))
+			v->s = copy_name(wholine);
+		else if (!strcmp(name + wholen, "email"))
+			v->s = copy_email(wholine);
+		else if (starts_with(name + wholen, "date"))
+			grab_date(wholine, v, name);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * For a tag or a commit object, if "creator" or "creatordate" is
+	 * requested, do something special.
+	 */
+	if (strcmp(who, "tagger") && strcmp(who, "committer"))
+		return; /* "author" for commit object is not wanted */
+	if (!wholine)
+		wholine = find_wholine(who, wholen, buf, sz);
+	if (!wholine)
+		return;
+	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
+		const char *name = used_atom[i].name;
+		struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
+		if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
+			continue;
+		if (deref)
+			name++;
+
+		if (starts_with(name, "creatordate"))
+			grab_date(wholine, v, name);
+		else if (!strcmp(name, "creator"))
+			v->s = copy_line(wholine);
+	}
+}
+
+static void find_subpos(const char *buf, unsigned long sz,
+			const char **sub, unsigned long *sublen,
+			const char **body, unsigned long *bodylen,
+			unsigned long *nonsiglen,
+			const char **sig, unsigned long *siglen)
+{
+	const char *eol;
+	/* skip past header until we hit empty line */
+	while (*buf && *buf != '\n') {
+		eol = strchrnul(buf, '\n');
+		if (*eol)
+			eol++;
+		buf = eol;
+	}
+	/* skip any empty lines */
+	while (*buf == '\n')
+		buf++;
+
+	/* parse signature first; we might not even have a subject line */
+	*sig = buf + parse_signature(buf, strlen(buf));
+	*siglen = strlen(*sig);
+
+	/* subject is first non-empty line */
+	*sub = buf;
+	/* subject goes to first empty line */
+	while (buf < *sig && *buf && *buf != '\n') {
+		eol = strchrnul(buf, '\n');
+		if (*eol)
+			eol++;
+		buf = eol;
+	}
+	*sublen = buf - *sub;
+	/* drop trailing newline, if present */
+	if (*sublen && (*sub)[*sublen - 1] == '\n')
+		*sublen -= 1;
+
+	/* skip any empty lines */
+	while (*buf == '\n')
+		buf++;
+	*body = buf;
+	*bodylen = strlen(buf);
+	*nonsiglen = *sig - buf;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If 'lines' is greater than 0, append that many lines from the given
+ * 'buf' of length 'size' to the given strbuf.
+ */
+static void append_lines(struct strbuf *out, const char *buf, unsigned long size, int lines)
+{
+	int i;
+	const char *sp, *eol;
+	size_t len;
+
+	sp = buf;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < lines && sp < buf + size; i++) {
+		if (i)
+			strbuf_addstr(out, "\n    ");
+		eol = memchr(sp, '\n', size - (sp - buf));
+		len = eol ? eol - sp : size - (sp - buf);
+		strbuf_add(out, sp, len);
+		if (!eol)
+			break;
+		sp = eol + 1;
+	}
+}
+
+/* See grab_values */
+static void grab_sub_body_contents(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
+{
+	int i;
+	const char *subpos = NULL, *bodypos = NULL, *sigpos = NULL;
+	unsigned long sublen = 0, bodylen = 0, nonsiglen = 0, siglen = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
+		struct used_atom *atom = &used_atom[i];
+		const char *name = atom->name;
+		struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
+		if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
+			continue;
+		if (deref)
+			name++;
+		if (strcmp(name, "subject") &&
+		    strcmp(name, "body") &&
+		    !starts_with(name, "trailers") &&
+		    !starts_with(name, "contents"))
+			continue;
+		if (!subpos)
+			find_subpos(buf, sz,
+				    &subpos, &sublen,
+				    &bodypos, &bodylen, &nonsiglen,
+				    &sigpos, &siglen);
+
+		if (atom->u.contents.option == C_SUB)
+			v->s = copy_subject(subpos, sublen);
+		else if (atom->u.contents.option == C_BODY_DEP)
+			v->s = xmemdupz(bodypos, bodylen);
+		else if (atom->u.contents.option == C_BODY)
+			v->s = xmemdupz(bodypos, nonsiglen);
+		else if (atom->u.contents.option == C_SIG)
+			v->s = xmemdupz(sigpos, siglen);
+		else if (atom->u.contents.option == C_LINES) {
+			struct strbuf s = STRBUF_INIT;
+			const char *contents_end = bodylen + bodypos - siglen;
+
+			/*  Size is the length of the message after removing the signature */
+			append_lines(&s, subpos, contents_end - subpos, atom->u.contents.nlines);
+			v->s = strbuf_detach(&s, NULL);
+		} else if (atom->u.contents.option == C_TRAILERS) {
+			struct strbuf s = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+			/* Format the trailer info according to the trailer_opts given */
+			format_trailers_from_commit(&s, subpos, &atom->u.contents.trailer_opts);
+
+			v->s = strbuf_detach(&s, NULL);
+		} else if (atom->u.contents.option == C_BARE)
+			v->s = xstrdup(subpos);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * We want to have empty print-string for field requests
+ * that do not apply (e.g. "authordate" for a tag object)
+ */
+static void fill_missing_values(struct atom_value *val)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
+		struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
+		if (v->s == NULL)
+			v->s = "";
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * val is a list of atom_value to hold returned values.  Extract
+ * the values for atoms in used_atom array out of (obj, buf, sz).
+ * when deref is false, (obj, buf, sz) is the object that is
+ * pointed at by the ref itself; otherwise it is the object the
+ * ref (which is a tag) refers to.
+ */
+static void grab_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
+{
+	switch (obj->type) {
+	case OBJ_TAG:
+		grab_tag_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
+		grab_sub_body_contents(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
+		grab_person("tagger", val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
+		break;
+	case OBJ_COMMIT:
+		grab_commit_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
+		grab_sub_body_contents(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
+		grab_person("author", val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
+		grab_person("committer", val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
+		break;
+	case OBJ_TREE:
+		/* grab_tree_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz); */
+		break;
+	case OBJ_BLOB:
+		/* grab_blob_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz); */
+		break;
+	default:
+		die("Eh?  Object of type %d?", obj->type);
+	}
+}
+
+static inline char *copy_advance(char *dst, const char *src)
+{
+	while (*src)
+		*dst++ = *src++;
+	return dst;
+}
+
+static const char *lstrip_ref_components(const char *refname, int len)
+{
+	long remaining = len;
+	const char *start = refname;
+
+	if (len < 0) {
+		int i;
+		const char *p = refname;
+
+		/* Find total no of '/' separated path-components */
+		for (i = 0; p[i]; p[i] == '/' ? i++ : *p++)
+			;
+		/*
+		 * The number of components we need to strip is now
+		 * the total minus the components to be left (Plus one
+		 * because we count the number of '/', but the number
+		 * of components is one more than the no of '/').
+		 */
+		remaining = i + len + 1;
+	}
+
+	while (remaining > 0) {
+		switch (*start++) {
+		case '\0':
+			return "";
+		case '/':
+			remaining--;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return start;
+}
+
+static const char *rstrip_ref_components(const char *refname, int len)
+{
+	long remaining = len;
+	char *start = xstrdup(refname);
+
+	if (len < 0) {
+		int i;
+		const char *p = refname;
+
+		/* Find total no of '/' separated path-components */
+		for (i = 0; p[i]; p[i] == '/' ? i++ : *p++)
+			;
+		/*
+		 * The number of components we need to strip is now
+		 * the total minus the components to be left (Plus one
+		 * because we count the number of '/', but the number
+		 * of components is one more than the no of '/').
+		 */
+		remaining = i + len + 1;
+	}
+
+	while (remaining-- > 0) {
+		char *p = strrchr(start, '/');
+		if (p == NULL)
+			return "";
+		else
+			p[0] = '\0';
+	}
+	return start;
+}
+
+static const char *show_ref(struct refname_atom *atom, const char *refname)
+{
+	if (atom->option == R_SHORT)
+		return shorten_unambiguous_ref(refname, warn_ambiguous_refs);
+	else if (atom->option == R_LSTRIP)
+		return lstrip_ref_components(refname, atom->lstrip);
+	else if (atom->option == R_RSTRIP)
+		return rstrip_ref_components(refname, atom->rstrip);
+	else
+		return refname;
+}
+
+static void fill_remote_ref_details(struct used_atom *atom, const char *refname,
+				    struct branch *branch, const char **s)
+{
+	int num_ours, num_theirs;
+	if (atom->u.remote_ref.option == RR_REF)
+		*s = show_ref(&atom->u.remote_ref.refname, refname);
+	else if (atom->u.remote_ref.option == RR_TRACK) {
+		if (stat_tracking_info(branch, &num_ours, &num_theirs,
+				       NULL, AHEAD_BEHIND_FULL) < 0) {
+			*s = xstrdup(msgs.gone);
+		} else if (!num_ours && !num_theirs)
+			*s = "";
+		else if (!num_ours)
+			*s = xstrfmt(msgs.behind, num_theirs);
+		else if (!num_theirs)
+			*s = xstrfmt(msgs.ahead, num_ours);
+		else
+			*s = xstrfmt(msgs.ahead_behind,
+				     num_ours, num_theirs);
+		if (!atom->u.remote_ref.nobracket && *s[0]) {
+			const char *to_free = *s;
+			*s = xstrfmt("[%s]", *s);
+			free((void *)to_free);
+		}
+	} else if (atom->u.remote_ref.option == RR_TRACKSHORT) {
+		if (stat_tracking_info(branch, &num_ours, &num_theirs,
+				       NULL, AHEAD_BEHIND_FULL) < 0)
+			return;
+
+		if (!num_ours && !num_theirs)
+			*s = "=";
+		else if (!num_ours)
+			*s = "<";
+		else if (!num_theirs)
+			*s = ">";
+		else
+			*s = "<>";
+	} else if (atom->u.remote_ref.option == RR_REMOTE_NAME) {
+		int explicit;
+		const char *remote = atom->u.remote_ref.push ?
+			pushremote_for_branch(branch, &explicit) :
+			remote_for_branch(branch, &explicit);
+		if (explicit)
+			*s = xstrdup(remote);
+		else
+			*s = "";
+	} else if (atom->u.remote_ref.option == RR_REMOTE_REF) {
+		int explicit;
+		const char *merge;
+
+		merge = remote_ref_for_branch(branch, atom->u.remote_ref.push,
+					      &explicit);
+		if (explicit)
+			*s = xstrdup(merge);
+		else
+			*s = "";
+	} else
+		BUG("unhandled RR_* enum");
+}
+
+char *get_head_description(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf desc = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct wt_status_state state;
+	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
+	wt_status_get_state(&state, 1);
+	if (state.rebase_in_progress ||
+	    state.rebase_interactive_in_progress) {
+		if (state.branch)
+			strbuf_addf(&desc, _("(no branch, rebasing %s)"),
+				    state.branch);
+		else
+			strbuf_addf(&desc, _("(no branch, rebasing detached HEAD %s)"),
+				    state.detached_from);
+	} else if (state.bisect_in_progress)
+		strbuf_addf(&desc, _("(no branch, bisect started on %s)"),
+			    state.branch);
+	else if (state.detached_from) {
+		if (state.detached_at)
+			/*
+			 * TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+			 * detached at " in wt-status.c
+			 */
+			strbuf_addf(&desc, _("(HEAD detached at %s)"),
+				state.detached_from);
+		else
+			/*
+			 * TRANSLATORS: make sure this matches "HEAD
+			 * detached from " in wt-status.c
+			 */
+			strbuf_addf(&desc, _("(HEAD detached from %s)"),
+				state.detached_from);
+	}
+	else
+		strbuf_addstr(&desc, _("(no branch)"));
+	free(state.branch);
+	free(state.onto);
+	free(state.detached_from);
+	return strbuf_detach(&desc, NULL);
+}
+
+static const char *get_symref(struct used_atom *atom, struct ref_array_item *ref)
+{
+	if (!ref->symref)
+		return "";
+	else
+		return show_ref(&atom->u.refname, ref->symref);
+}
+
+static const char *get_refname(struct used_atom *atom, struct ref_array_item *ref)
+{
+	if (ref->kind & FILTER_REFS_DETACHED_HEAD)
+		return get_head_description();
+	return show_ref(&atom->u.refname, ref->refname);
+}
+
+static int get_object(struct ref_array_item *ref, int deref, struct object **obj,
+		      struct expand_data *oi, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	/* parse_object_buffer() will set eaten to 0 if free() will be needed */
+	int eaten = 1;
+	if (oi->info.contentp) {
+		/* We need to know that to use parse_object_buffer properly */
+		oi->info.sizep = &oi->size;
+		oi->info.typep = &oi->type;
+	}
+	if (oid_object_info_extended(the_repository, &oi->oid, &oi->info,
+				     OBJECT_INFO_LOOKUP_REPLACE))
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("missing object %s for %s"),
+				       oid_to_hex(&oi->oid), ref->refname);
+
+	if (oi->info.contentp) {
+		*obj = parse_object_buffer(the_repository, &oi->oid, oi->type, oi->size, oi->content, &eaten);
+		if (!obj) {
+			if (!eaten)
+				free(oi->content);
+			return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s"),
+					       oid_to_hex(&oi->oid), ref->refname);
+		}
+		grab_values(ref->value, deref, *obj, oi->content, oi->size);
+	}
+
+	grab_common_values(ref->value, deref, oi);
+	if (!eaten)
+		free(oi->content);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse the object referred by ref, and grab needed value.
+ */
+static int populate_value(struct ref_array_item *ref, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct object *obj;
+	int i;
+	struct object_info empty = OBJECT_INFO_INIT;
+
+	ref->value = xcalloc(used_atom_cnt, sizeof(struct atom_value));
+
+	if (need_symref && (ref->flag & REF_ISSYMREF) && !ref->symref) {
+		ref->symref = resolve_refdup(ref->refname, RESOLVE_REF_READING,
+					     NULL, NULL);
+		if (!ref->symref)
+			ref->symref = "";
+	}
+
+	/* Fill in specials first */
+	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
+		struct used_atom *atom = &used_atom[i];
+		const char *name = used_atom[i].name;
+		struct atom_value *v = &ref->value[i];
+		int deref = 0;
+		const char *refname;
+		struct branch *branch = NULL;
+
+		v->handler = append_atom;
+		v->atom = atom;
+
+		if (*name == '*') {
+			deref = 1;
+			name++;
+		}
+
+		if (starts_with(name, "refname"))
+			refname = get_refname(atom, ref);
+		else if (starts_with(name, "symref"))
+			refname = get_symref(atom, ref);
+		else if (starts_with(name, "upstream")) {
+			const char *branch_name;
+			v->s = "";
+			/* only local branches may have an upstream */
+			if (!skip_prefix(ref->refname, "refs/heads/",
+					 &branch_name))
+				continue;
+			branch = branch_get(branch_name);
+
+			refname = branch_get_upstream(branch, NULL);
+			if (refname)
+				fill_remote_ref_details(atom, refname, branch, &v->s);
+			continue;
+		} else if (atom->u.remote_ref.push) {
+			const char *branch_name;
+			v->s = "";
+			if (!skip_prefix(ref->refname, "refs/heads/",
+					 &branch_name))
+				continue;
+			branch = branch_get(branch_name);
+
+			if (atom->u.remote_ref.push_remote)
+				refname = NULL;
+			else {
+				refname = branch_get_push(branch, NULL);
+				if (!refname)
+					continue;
+			}
+			fill_remote_ref_details(atom, refname, branch, &v->s);
+			continue;
+		} else if (starts_with(name, "color:")) {
+			v->s = atom->u.color;
+			continue;
+		} else if (!strcmp(name, "flag")) {
+			char buf[256], *cp = buf;
+			if (ref->flag & REF_ISSYMREF)
+				cp = copy_advance(cp, ",symref");
+			if (ref->flag & REF_ISPACKED)
+				cp = copy_advance(cp, ",packed");
+			if (cp == buf)
+				v->s = "";
+			else {
+				*cp = '\0';
+				v->s = xstrdup(buf + 1);
+			}
+			continue;
+		} else if (!deref && grab_objectname(name, &ref->objectname, v, atom)) {
+			continue;
+		} else if (!strcmp(name, "HEAD")) {
+			if (atom->u.head && !strcmp(ref->refname, atom->u.head))
+				v->s = "*";
+			else
+				v->s = " ";
+			continue;
+		} else if (starts_with(name, "align")) {
+			v->handler = align_atom_handler;
+			v->s = "";
+			continue;
+		} else if (!strcmp(name, "end")) {
+			v->handler = end_atom_handler;
+			v->s = "";
+			continue;
+		} else if (starts_with(name, "if")) {
+			const char *s;
+			v->s = "";
+			if (skip_prefix(name, "if:", &s))
+				v->s = xstrdup(s);
+			v->handler = if_atom_handler;
+			continue;
+		} else if (!strcmp(name, "then")) {
+			v->handler = then_atom_handler;
+			v->s = "";
+			continue;
+		} else if (!strcmp(name, "else")) {
+			v->handler = else_atom_handler;
+			v->s = "";
+			continue;
+		} else
+			continue;
+
+		if (!deref)
+			v->s = refname;
+		else
+			v->s = xstrfmt("%s^{}", refname);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
+		struct atom_value *v = &ref->value[i];
+		if (v->s == NULL && used_atom[i].source == SOURCE_NONE)
+			return strbuf_addf_ret(err, -1, _("missing object %s for %s"),
+					       oid_to_hex(&ref->objectname), ref->refname);
+	}
+
+	if (need_tagged)
+		oi.info.contentp = &oi.content;
+	if (!memcmp(&oi.info, &empty, sizeof(empty)) &&
+	    !memcmp(&oi_deref.info, &empty, sizeof(empty)))
+		return 0;
+
+
+	oi.oid = ref->objectname;
+	if (get_object(ref, 0, &obj, &oi, err))
+		return -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * If there is no atom that wants to know about tagged
+	 * object, we are done.
+	 */
+	if (!need_tagged || (obj->type != OBJ_TAG))
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * If it is a tag object, see if we use a value that derefs
+	 * the object, and if we do grab the object it refers to.
+	 */
+	oi_deref.oid = ((struct tag *)obj)->tagged->oid;
+
+	/*
+	 * NEEDSWORK: This derefs tag only once, which
+	 * is good to deal with chains of trust, but
+	 * is not consistent with what deref_tag() does
+	 * which peels the onion to the core.
+	 */
+	return get_object(ref, 1, &obj, &oi_deref, err);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Given a ref, return the value for the atom.  This lazily gets value
+ * out of the object by calling populate value.
+ */
+static int get_ref_atom_value(struct ref_array_item *ref, int atom,
+			      struct atom_value **v, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	if (!ref->value) {
+		if (populate_value(ref, err))
+			return -1;
+		fill_missing_values(ref->value);
+	}
+	*v = &ref->value[atom];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Unknown has to be "0" here, because that's the default value for
+ * contains_cache slab entries that have not yet been assigned.
+ */
+enum contains_result {
+	CONTAINS_UNKNOWN = 0,
+	CONTAINS_NO,
+	CONTAINS_YES
+};
+
+define_commit_slab(contains_cache, enum contains_result);
+
+struct ref_filter_cbdata {
+	struct ref_array *array;
+	struct ref_filter *filter;
+	struct contains_cache contains_cache;
+	struct contains_cache no_contains_cache;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Mimicking the real stack, this stack lives on the heap, avoiding stack
+ * overflows.
+ *
+ * At each recursion step, the stack items points to the commits whose
+ * ancestors are to be inspected.
+ */
+struct contains_stack {
+	int nr, alloc;
+	struct contains_stack_entry {
+		struct commit *commit;
+		struct commit_list *parents;
+	} *contains_stack;
+};
+
+static int in_commit_list(const struct commit_list *want, struct commit *c)
+{
+	for (; want; want = want->next)
+		if (!oidcmp(&want->item->object.oid, &c->object.oid))
+			return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test whether the candidate is contained in the list.
+ * Do not recurse to find out, though, but return -1 if inconclusive.
+ */
+static enum contains_result contains_test(struct commit *candidate,
+					  const struct commit_list *want,
+					  struct contains_cache *cache,
+					  uint32_t cutoff)
+{
+	enum contains_result *cached = contains_cache_at(cache, candidate);
+
+	/* If we already have the answer cached, return that. */
+	if (*cached)
+		return *cached;
+
+	/* or are we it? */
+	if (in_commit_list(want, candidate)) {
+		*cached = CONTAINS_YES;
+		return CONTAINS_YES;
+	}
+
+	/* Otherwise, we don't know; prepare to recurse */
+	parse_commit_or_die(candidate);
+
+	if (candidate->generation < cutoff)
+		return CONTAINS_NO;
+
+	return CONTAINS_UNKNOWN;
+}
+
+static void push_to_contains_stack(struct commit *candidate, struct contains_stack *contains_stack)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(contains_stack->contains_stack, contains_stack->nr + 1, contains_stack->alloc);
+	contains_stack->contains_stack[contains_stack->nr].commit = candidate;
+	contains_stack->contains_stack[contains_stack->nr++].parents = candidate->parents;
+}
+
+static enum contains_result contains_tag_algo(struct commit *candidate,
+					      const struct commit_list *want,
+					      struct contains_cache *cache)
+{
+	struct contains_stack contains_stack = { 0, 0, NULL };
+	enum contains_result result;
+	uint32_t cutoff = GENERATION_NUMBER_INFINITY;
+	const struct commit_list *p;
+
+	for (p = want; p; p = p->next) {
+		struct commit *c = p->item;
+		load_commit_graph_info(the_repository, c);
+		if (c->generation < cutoff)
+			cutoff = c->generation;
+	}
+
+	result = contains_test(candidate, want, cache, cutoff);
+	if (result != CONTAINS_UNKNOWN)
+		return result;
+
+	push_to_contains_stack(candidate, &contains_stack);
+	while (contains_stack.nr) {
+		struct contains_stack_entry *entry = &contains_stack.contains_stack[contains_stack.nr - 1];
+		struct commit *commit = entry->commit;
+		struct commit_list *parents = entry->parents;
+
+		if (!parents) {
+			*contains_cache_at(cache, commit) = CONTAINS_NO;
+			contains_stack.nr--;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * If we just popped the stack, parents->item has been marked,
+		 * therefore contains_test will return a meaningful yes/no.
+		 */
+		else switch (contains_test(parents->item, want, cache, cutoff)) {
+		case CONTAINS_YES:
+			*contains_cache_at(cache, commit) = CONTAINS_YES;
+			contains_stack.nr--;
+			break;
+		case CONTAINS_NO:
+			entry->parents = parents->next;
+			break;
+		case CONTAINS_UNKNOWN:
+			push_to_contains_stack(parents->item, &contains_stack);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	free(contains_stack.contains_stack);
+	return contains_test(candidate, want, cache, cutoff);
+}
+
+static int commit_contains(struct ref_filter *filter, struct commit *commit,
+			   struct commit_list *list, struct contains_cache *cache)
+{
+	if (filter->with_commit_tag_algo)
+		return contains_tag_algo(commit, list, cache) == CONTAINS_YES;
+	return is_descendant_of(commit, list);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return 1 if the refname matches one of the patterns, otherwise 0.
+ * A pattern can be a literal prefix (e.g. a refname "refs/heads/master"
+ * matches a pattern "refs/heads/mas") or a wildcard (e.g. the same ref
+ * matches "refs/heads/mas*", too).
+ */
+static int match_pattern(const struct ref_filter *filter, const char *refname)
+{
+	const char **patterns = filter->name_patterns;
+	unsigned flags = 0;
+
+	if (filter->ignore_case)
+		flags |= WM_CASEFOLD;
+
+	/*
+	 * When no '--format' option is given we need to skip the prefix
+	 * for matching refs of tags and branches.
+	 */
+	(void)(skip_prefix(refname, "refs/tags/", &refname) ||
+	       skip_prefix(refname, "refs/heads/", &refname) ||
+	       skip_prefix(refname, "refs/remotes/", &refname) ||
+	       skip_prefix(refname, "refs/", &refname));
+
+	for (; *patterns; patterns++) {
+		if (!wildmatch(*patterns, refname, flags))
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return 1 if the refname matches one of the patterns, otherwise 0.
+ * A pattern can be path prefix (e.g. a refname "refs/heads/master"
+ * matches a pattern "refs/heads/" but not "refs/heads/m") or a
+ * wildcard (e.g. the same ref matches "refs/heads/m*", too).
+ */
+static int match_name_as_path(const struct ref_filter *filter, const char *refname)
+{
+	const char **pattern = filter->name_patterns;
+	int namelen = strlen(refname);
+	unsigned flags = WM_PATHNAME;
+
+	if (filter->ignore_case)
+		flags |= WM_CASEFOLD;
+
+	for (; *pattern; pattern++) {
+		const char *p = *pattern;
+		int plen = strlen(p);
+
+		if ((plen <= namelen) &&
+		    !strncmp(refname, p, plen) &&
+		    (refname[plen] == '\0' ||
+		     refname[plen] == '/' ||
+		     p[plen-1] == '/'))
+			return 1;
+		if (!wildmatch(p, refname, flags))
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if the refname matches one of the patterns, otherwise 0. */
+static int filter_pattern_match(struct ref_filter *filter, const char *refname)
+{
+	if (!*filter->name_patterns)
+		return 1; /* No pattern always matches */
+	if (filter->match_as_path)
+		return match_name_as_path(filter, refname);
+	return match_pattern(filter, refname);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find the longest prefix of pattern we can pass to
+ * `for_each_fullref_in()`, namely the part of pattern preceding the
+ * first glob character. (Note that `for_each_fullref_in()` is
+ * perfectly happy working with a prefix that doesn't end at a
+ * pathname component boundary.)
+ */
+static void find_longest_prefix(struct strbuf *out, const char *pattern)
+{
+	const char *p;
+
+	for (p = pattern; *p && !is_glob_special(*p); p++)
+		;
+
+	strbuf_add(out, pattern, p - pattern);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is the same as for_each_fullref_in(), but it tries to iterate
+ * only over the patterns we'll care about. Note that it _doesn't_ do a full
+ * pattern match, so the callback still has to match each ref individually.
+ */
+static int for_each_fullref_in_pattern(struct ref_filter *filter,
+				       each_ref_fn cb,
+				       void *cb_data,
+				       int broken)
+{
+	struct strbuf prefix = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!filter->match_as_path) {
+		/*
+		 * in this case, the patterns are applied after
+		 * prefixes like "refs/heads/" etc. are stripped off,
+		 * so we have to look at everything:
+		 */
+		return for_each_fullref_in("", cb, cb_data, broken);
+	}
+
+	if (filter->ignore_case) {
+		/*
+		 * we can't handle case-insensitive comparisons,
+		 * so just return everything and let the caller
+		 * sort it out.
+		 */
+		return for_each_fullref_in("", cb, cb_data, broken);
+	}
+
+	if (!filter->name_patterns[0]) {
+		/* no patterns; we have to look at everything */
+		return for_each_fullref_in("", cb, cb_data, broken);
+	}
+
+	if (filter->name_patterns[1]) {
+		/*
+		 * multiple patterns; in theory this could still work as long
+		 * as the patterns are disjoint. We'd just make multiple calls
+		 * to for_each_ref(). But if they're not disjoint, we'd end up
+		 * reporting the same ref multiple times. So let's punt on that
+		 * for now.
+		 */
+		return for_each_fullref_in("", cb, cb_data, broken);
+	}
+
+	find_longest_prefix(&prefix, filter->name_patterns[0]);
+
+	ret = for_each_fullref_in(prefix.buf, cb, cb_data, broken);
+	strbuf_release(&prefix);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Given a ref (sha1, refname), check if the ref belongs to the array
+ * of sha1s. If the given ref is a tag, check if the given tag points
+ * at one of the sha1s in the given sha1 array.
+ * the given sha1_array.
+ * NEEDSWORK:
+ * 1. Only a single level of inderection is obtained, we might want to
+ * change this to account for multiple levels (e.g. annotated tags
+ * pointing to annotated tags pointing to a commit.)
+ * 2. As the refs are cached we might know what refname peels to without
+ * the need to parse the object via parse_object(). peel_ref() might be a
+ * more efficient alternative to obtain the pointee.
+ */
+static const struct object_id *match_points_at(struct oid_array *points_at,
+					       const struct object_id *oid,
+					       const char *refname)
+{
+	const struct object_id *tagged_oid = NULL;
+	struct object *obj;
+
+	if (oid_array_lookup(points_at, oid) >= 0)
+		return oid;
+	obj = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
+	if (!obj)
+		die(_("malformed object at '%s'"), refname);
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
+		tagged_oid = &((struct tag *)obj)->tagged->oid;
+	if (tagged_oid && oid_array_lookup(points_at, tagged_oid) >= 0)
+		return tagged_oid;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Allocate space for a new ref_array_item and copy the name and oid to it.
+ *
+ * Callers can then fill in other struct members at their leisure.
+ */
+static struct ref_array_item *new_ref_array_item(const char *refname,
+						 const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	struct ref_array_item *ref;
+
+	FLEX_ALLOC_STR(ref, refname, refname);
+	oidcpy(&ref->objectname, oid);
+
+	return ref;
+}
+
+struct ref_array_item *ref_array_push(struct ref_array *array,
+				      const char *refname,
+				      const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	struct ref_array_item *ref = new_ref_array_item(refname, oid);
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(array->items, array->nr + 1, array->alloc);
+	array->items[array->nr++] = ref;
+
+	return ref;
+}
+
+static int ref_kind_from_refname(const char *refname)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	static struct {
+		const char *prefix;
+		unsigned int kind;
+	} ref_kind[] = {
+		{ "refs/heads/" , FILTER_REFS_BRANCHES },
+		{ "refs/remotes/" , FILTER_REFS_REMOTES },
+		{ "refs/tags/", FILTER_REFS_TAGS}
+	};
+
+	if (!strcmp(refname, "HEAD"))
+		return FILTER_REFS_DETACHED_HEAD;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(ref_kind); i++) {
+		if (starts_with(refname, ref_kind[i].prefix))
+			return ref_kind[i].kind;
+	}
+
+	return FILTER_REFS_OTHERS;
+}
+
+static int filter_ref_kind(struct ref_filter *filter, const char *refname)
+{
+	if (filter->kind == FILTER_REFS_BRANCHES ||
+	    filter->kind == FILTER_REFS_REMOTES ||
+	    filter->kind == FILTER_REFS_TAGS)
+		return filter->kind;
+	return ref_kind_from_refname(refname);
+}
+
+/*
+ * A call-back given to for_each_ref().  Filter refs and keep them for
+ * later object processing.
+ */
+static int ref_filter_handler(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid, int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct ref_filter_cbdata *ref_cbdata = cb_data;
+	struct ref_filter *filter = ref_cbdata->filter;
+	struct ref_array_item *ref;
+	struct commit *commit = NULL;
+	unsigned int kind;
+
+	if (flag & REF_BAD_NAME) {
+		warning(_("ignoring ref with broken name %s"), refname);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (flag & REF_ISBROKEN) {
+		warning(_("ignoring broken ref %s"), refname);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Obtain the current ref kind from filter_ref_kind() and ignore unwanted refs. */
+	kind = filter_ref_kind(filter, refname);
+	if (!(kind & filter->kind))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!filter_pattern_match(filter, refname))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (filter->points_at.nr && !match_points_at(&filter->points_at, oid, refname))
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * A merge filter is applied on refs pointing to commits. Hence
+	 * obtain the commit using the 'oid' available and discard all
+	 * non-commits early. The actual filtering is done later.
+	 */
+	if (filter->merge_commit || filter->with_commit || filter->no_commit || filter->verbose) {
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, oid,
+							1);
+		if (!commit)
+			return 0;
+		/* We perform the filtering for the '--contains' option... */
+		if (filter->with_commit &&
+		    !commit_contains(filter, commit, filter->with_commit, &ref_cbdata->contains_cache))
+			return 0;
+		/* ...or for the `--no-contains' option */
+		if (filter->no_commit &&
+		    commit_contains(filter, commit, filter->no_commit, &ref_cbdata->no_contains_cache))
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We do not open the object yet; sort may only need refname
+	 * to do its job and the resulting list may yet to be pruned
+	 * by maxcount logic.
+	 */
+	ref = ref_array_push(ref_cbdata->array, refname, oid);
+	ref->commit = commit;
+	ref->flag = flag;
+	ref->kind = kind;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*  Free memory allocated for a ref_array_item */
+static void free_array_item(struct ref_array_item *item)
+{
+	free((char *)item->symref);
+	free(item);
+}
+
+/* Free all memory allocated for ref_array */
+void ref_array_clear(struct ref_array *array)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < array->nr; i++)
+		free_array_item(array->items[i]);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(array->items);
+	array->nr = array->alloc = 0;
+}
+
+static void do_merge_filter(struct ref_filter_cbdata *ref_cbdata)
+{
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	int i, old_nr;
+	struct ref_filter *filter = ref_cbdata->filter;
+	struct ref_array *array = ref_cbdata->array;
+	struct commit **to_clear = xcalloc(sizeof(struct commit *), array->nr);
+
+	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < array->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_array_item *item = array->items[i];
+		add_pending_object(&revs, &item->commit->object, item->refname);
+		to_clear[i] = item->commit;
+	}
+
+	filter->merge_commit->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+	add_pending_object(&revs, &filter->merge_commit->object, "");
+
+	revs.limited = 1;
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
+
+	old_nr = array->nr;
+	array->nr = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < old_nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_array_item *item = array->items[i];
+		struct commit *commit = item->commit;
+
+		int is_merged = !!(commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING);
+
+		if (is_merged == (filter->merge == REF_FILTER_MERGED_INCLUDE))
+			array->items[array->nr++] = array->items[i];
+		else
+			free_array_item(item);
+	}
+
+	clear_commit_marks_many(old_nr, to_clear, ALL_REV_FLAGS);
+	clear_commit_marks(filter->merge_commit, ALL_REV_FLAGS);
+	free(to_clear);
+}
+
+/*
+ * API for filtering a set of refs. Based on the type of refs the user
+ * has requested, we iterate through those refs and apply filters
+ * as per the given ref_filter structure and finally store the
+ * filtered refs in the ref_array structure.
+ */
+int filter_refs(struct ref_array *array, struct ref_filter *filter, unsigned int type)
+{
+	struct ref_filter_cbdata ref_cbdata;
+	int ret = 0;
+	unsigned int broken = 0;
+
+	ref_cbdata.array = array;
+	ref_cbdata.filter = filter;
+
+	if (type & FILTER_REFS_INCLUDE_BROKEN)
+		broken = 1;
+	filter->kind = type & FILTER_REFS_KIND_MASK;
+
+	init_contains_cache(&ref_cbdata.contains_cache);
+	init_contains_cache(&ref_cbdata.no_contains_cache);
+
+	/*  Simple per-ref filtering */
+	if (!filter->kind)
+		die("filter_refs: invalid type");
+	else {
+		/*
+		 * For common cases where we need only branches or remotes or tags,
+		 * we only iterate through those refs. If a mix of refs is needed,
+		 * we iterate over all refs and filter out required refs with the help
+		 * of filter_ref_kind().
+		 */
+		if (filter->kind == FILTER_REFS_BRANCHES)
+			ret = for_each_fullref_in("refs/heads/", ref_filter_handler, &ref_cbdata, broken);
+		else if (filter->kind == FILTER_REFS_REMOTES)
+			ret = for_each_fullref_in("refs/remotes/", ref_filter_handler, &ref_cbdata, broken);
+		else if (filter->kind == FILTER_REFS_TAGS)
+			ret = for_each_fullref_in("refs/tags/", ref_filter_handler, &ref_cbdata, broken);
+		else if (filter->kind & FILTER_REFS_ALL)
+			ret = for_each_fullref_in_pattern(filter, ref_filter_handler, &ref_cbdata, broken);
+		if (!ret && (filter->kind & FILTER_REFS_DETACHED_HEAD))
+			head_ref(ref_filter_handler, &ref_cbdata);
+	}
+
+	clear_contains_cache(&ref_cbdata.contains_cache);
+	clear_contains_cache(&ref_cbdata.no_contains_cache);
+
+	/*  Filters that need revision walking */
+	if (filter->merge_commit)
+		do_merge_filter(&ref_cbdata);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int cmp_ref_sorting(struct ref_sorting *s, struct ref_array_item *a, struct ref_array_item *b)
+{
+	struct atom_value *va, *vb;
+	int cmp;
+	cmp_type cmp_type = used_atom[s->atom].type;
+	int (*cmp_fn)(const char *, const char *);
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (get_ref_atom_value(a, s->atom, &va, &err))
+		die("%s", err.buf);
+	if (get_ref_atom_value(b, s->atom, &vb, &err))
+		die("%s", err.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&err);
+	cmp_fn = s->ignore_case ? strcasecmp : strcmp;
+	if (s->version)
+		cmp = versioncmp(va->s, vb->s);
+	else if (cmp_type == FIELD_STR)
+		cmp = cmp_fn(va->s, vb->s);
+	else {
+		if (va->value < vb->value)
+			cmp = -1;
+		else if (va->value == vb->value)
+			cmp = cmp_fn(a->refname, b->refname);
+		else
+			cmp = 1;
+	}
+
+	return (s->reverse) ? -cmp : cmp;
+}
+
+static int compare_refs(const void *a_, const void *b_, void *ref_sorting)
+{
+	struct ref_array_item *a = *((struct ref_array_item **)a_);
+	struct ref_array_item *b = *((struct ref_array_item **)b_);
+	struct ref_sorting *s;
+
+	for (s = ref_sorting; s; s = s->next) {
+		int cmp = cmp_ref_sorting(s, a, b);
+		if (cmp)
+			return cmp;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void ref_array_sort(struct ref_sorting *sorting, struct ref_array *array)
+{
+	QSORT_S(array->items, array->nr, compare_refs, sorting);
+}
+
+static void append_literal(const char *cp, const char *ep, struct ref_formatting_state *state)
+{
+	struct strbuf *s = &state->stack->output;
+
+	while (*cp && (!ep || cp < ep)) {
+		if (*cp == '%') {
+			if (cp[1] == '%')
+				cp++;
+			else {
+				int ch = hex2chr(cp + 1);
+				if (0 <= ch) {
+					strbuf_addch(s, ch);
+					cp += 3;
+					continue;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		strbuf_addch(s, *cp);
+		cp++;
+	}
+}
+
+int format_ref_array_item(struct ref_array_item *info,
+			   const struct ref_format *format,
+			   struct strbuf *final_buf,
+			   struct strbuf *error_buf)
+{
+	const char *cp, *sp, *ep;
+	struct ref_formatting_state state = REF_FORMATTING_STATE_INIT;
+
+	state.quote_style = format->quote_style;
+	push_stack_element(&state.stack);
+
+	for (cp = format->format; *cp && (sp = find_next(cp)); cp = ep + 1) {
+		struct atom_value *atomv;
+		int pos;
+
+		ep = strchr(sp, ')');
+		if (cp < sp)
+			append_literal(cp, sp, &state);
+		pos = parse_ref_filter_atom(format, sp + 2, ep, error_buf);
+		if (pos < 0 || get_ref_atom_value(info, pos, &atomv, error_buf) ||
+		    atomv->handler(atomv, &state, error_buf)) {
+			pop_stack_element(&state.stack);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	if (*cp) {
+		sp = cp + strlen(cp);
+		append_literal(cp, sp, &state);
+	}
+	if (format->need_color_reset_at_eol) {
+		struct atom_value resetv;
+		resetv.s = GIT_COLOR_RESET;
+		if (append_atom(&resetv, &state, error_buf)) {
+			pop_stack_element(&state.stack);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	if (state.stack->prev) {
+		pop_stack_element(&state.stack);
+		return strbuf_addf_ret(error_buf, -1, _("format: %%(end) atom missing"));
+	}
+	strbuf_addbuf(final_buf, &state.stack->output);
+	pop_stack_element(&state.stack);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void show_ref_array_item(struct ref_array_item *info,
+			 const struct ref_format *format)
+{
+	struct strbuf final_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf error_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (format_ref_array_item(info, format, &final_buf, &error_buf))
+		die("%s", error_buf.buf);
+	fwrite(final_buf.buf, 1, final_buf.len, stdout);
+	strbuf_release(&error_buf);
+	strbuf_release(&final_buf);
+	putchar('\n');
+}
+
+void pretty_print_ref(const char *name, const struct object_id *oid,
+		      const struct ref_format *format)
+{
+	struct ref_array_item *ref_item;
+	ref_item = new_ref_array_item(name, oid);
+	ref_item->kind = ref_kind_from_refname(name);
+	show_ref_array_item(ref_item, format);
+	free_array_item(ref_item);
+}
+
+static int parse_sorting_atom(const char *atom)
+{
+	/*
+	 * This parses an atom using a dummy ref_format, since we don't
+	 * actually care about the formatting details.
+	 */
+	struct ref_format dummy = REF_FORMAT_INIT;
+	const char *end = atom + strlen(atom);
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int res = parse_ref_filter_atom(&dummy, atom, end, &err);
+	if (res < 0)
+		die("%s", err.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&err);
+	return res;
+}
+
+/*  If no sorting option is given, use refname to sort as default */
+struct ref_sorting *ref_default_sorting(void)
+{
+	static const char cstr_name[] = "refname";
+
+	struct ref_sorting *sorting = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*sorting));
+
+	sorting->next = NULL;
+	sorting->atom = parse_sorting_atom(cstr_name);
+	return sorting;
+}
+
+void parse_ref_sorting(struct ref_sorting **sorting_tail, const char *arg)
+{
+	struct ref_sorting *s;
+
+	s = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*s));
+	s->next = *sorting_tail;
+	*sorting_tail = s;
+
+	if (*arg == '-') {
+		s->reverse = 1;
+		arg++;
+	}
+	if (skip_prefix(arg, "version:", &arg) ||
+	    skip_prefix(arg, "v:", &arg))
+		s->version = 1;
+	s->atom = parse_sorting_atom(arg);
+}
+
+int parse_opt_ref_sorting(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	if (!arg) /* should --no-sort void the list ? */
+		return -1;
+	parse_ref_sorting(opt->value, arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int parse_opt_merge_filter(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct ref_filter *rf = opt->value;
+	struct object_id oid;
+	int no_merged = starts_with(opt->long_name, "no");
+
+	if (rf->merge) {
+		if (no_merged) {
+			return opterror(opt, "is incompatible with --merged", 0);
+		} else {
+			return opterror(opt, "is incompatible with --no-merged", 0);
+		}
+	}
+
+	rf->merge = no_merged
+		? REF_FILTER_MERGED_OMIT
+		: REF_FILTER_MERGED_INCLUDE;
+
+	if (get_oid(arg, &oid))
+		die(_("malformed object name %s"), arg);
+
+	rf->merge_commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository,
+							  &oid, 0);
+	if (!rf->merge_commit)
+		return opterror(opt, "must point to a commit", 0);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/ref-filter.h b/ref-filter.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..85c8ebc3b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ref-filter.h
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+#ifndef REF_FILTER_H
+#define REF_FILTER_H
+
+#include "sha1-array.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+/* Quoting styles */
+#define QUOTE_NONE 0
+#define QUOTE_SHELL 1
+#define QUOTE_PERL 2
+#define QUOTE_PYTHON 4
+#define QUOTE_TCL 8
+
+#define FILTER_REFS_INCLUDE_BROKEN 0x0001
+#define FILTER_REFS_TAGS           0x0002
+#define FILTER_REFS_BRANCHES       0x0004
+#define FILTER_REFS_REMOTES        0x0008
+#define FILTER_REFS_OTHERS         0x0010
+#define FILTER_REFS_ALL            (FILTER_REFS_TAGS | FILTER_REFS_BRANCHES | \
+				    FILTER_REFS_REMOTES | FILTER_REFS_OTHERS)
+#define FILTER_REFS_DETACHED_HEAD  0x0020
+#define FILTER_REFS_KIND_MASK      (FILTER_REFS_ALL | FILTER_REFS_DETACHED_HEAD)
+
+struct atom_value;
+
+struct ref_sorting {
+	struct ref_sorting *next;
+	int atom; /* index into used_atom array (internal) */
+	unsigned reverse : 1,
+		ignore_case : 1,
+		version : 1;
+};
+
+struct ref_array_item {
+	struct object_id objectname;
+	int flag;
+	unsigned int kind;
+	const char *symref;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	struct atom_value *value;
+	char refname[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+
+struct ref_array {
+	int nr, alloc;
+	struct ref_array_item **items;
+	struct rev_info *revs;
+};
+
+struct ref_filter {
+	const char **name_patterns;
+	struct oid_array points_at;
+	struct commit_list *with_commit;
+	struct commit_list *no_commit;
+
+	enum {
+		REF_FILTER_MERGED_NONE = 0,
+		REF_FILTER_MERGED_INCLUDE,
+		REF_FILTER_MERGED_OMIT
+	} merge;
+	struct commit *merge_commit;
+
+	unsigned int with_commit_tag_algo : 1,
+		match_as_path : 1,
+		ignore_case : 1,
+		detached : 1;
+	unsigned int kind,
+		lines;
+	int abbrev,
+		verbose;
+};
+
+struct ref_format {
+	/*
+	 * Set these to define the format; make sure you call
+	 * verify_ref_format() afterwards to finalize.
+	 */
+	const char *format;
+	int quote_style;
+	int use_color;
+
+	/* Internal state to ref-filter */
+	int need_color_reset_at_eol;
+};
+
+#define REF_FORMAT_INIT { NULL, 0, -1 }
+
+/*  Macros for checking --merged and --no-merged options */
+#define _OPT_MERGED_NO_MERGED(option, filter, h) \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, option, (filter), N_("commit"), (h), \
+	  PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, \
+	  parse_opt_merge_filter, (intptr_t) "HEAD" \
+	}
+#define OPT_MERGED(f, h) _OPT_MERGED_NO_MERGED("merged", f, h)
+#define OPT_NO_MERGED(f, h) _OPT_MERGED_NO_MERGED("no-merged", f, h)
+
+/*
+ * API for filtering a set of refs. Based on the type of refs the user
+ * has requested, we iterate through those refs and apply filters
+ * as per the given ref_filter structure and finally store the
+ * filtered refs in the ref_array structure.
+ */
+int filter_refs(struct ref_array *array, struct ref_filter *filter, unsigned int type);
+/*  Clear all memory allocated to ref_array */
+void ref_array_clear(struct ref_array *array);
+/*  Used to verify if the given format is correct and to parse out the used atoms */
+int verify_ref_format(struct ref_format *format);
+/*  Sort the given ref_array as per the ref_sorting provided */
+void ref_array_sort(struct ref_sorting *sort, struct ref_array *array);
+/*  Based on the given format and quote_style, fill the strbuf */
+int format_ref_array_item(struct ref_array_item *info,
+			  const struct ref_format *format,
+			  struct strbuf *final_buf,
+			  struct strbuf *error_buf);
+/*  Print the ref using the given format and quote_style */
+void show_ref_array_item(struct ref_array_item *info, const struct ref_format *format);
+/*  Parse a single sort specifier and add it to the list */
+void parse_ref_sorting(struct ref_sorting **sorting_tail, const char *atom);
+/*  Callback function for parsing the sort option */
+int parse_opt_ref_sorting(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset);
+/*  Default sort option based on refname */
+struct ref_sorting *ref_default_sorting(void);
+/*  Function to parse --merged and --no-merged options */
+int parse_opt_merge_filter(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset);
+/*  Get the current HEAD's description */
+char *get_head_description(void);
+/*  Set up translated strings in the output. */
+void setup_ref_filter_porcelain_msg(void);
+
+/*
+ * Print a single ref, outside of any ref-filter. Note that the
+ * name must be a fully qualified refname.
+ */
+void pretty_print_ref(const char *name, const struct object_id *oid,
+		      const struct ref_format *format);
+
+/*
+ * Push a single ref onto the array; this can be used to construct your own
+ * ref_array without using filter_refs().
+ */
+struct ref_array_item *ref_array_push(struct ref_array *array,
+				      const char *refname,
+				      const struct object_id *oid);
+
+#endif /*  REF_FILTER_H  */
diff --git a/reflog-walk.c b/reflog-walk.c
index 222de762eb..3a25b27d8f 100644
--- a/reflog-walk.c
+++ b/reflog-walk.c
@@ -10,17 +10,17 @@ struct complete_reflogs {
 	char *ref;
 	const char *short_ref;
 	struct reflog_info {
-		unsigned char osha1[20], nsha1[20];
+		struct object_id ooid, noid;
 		char *email;
-		unsigned long timestamp;
+		timestamp_t timestamp;
 		int tz;
 		char *message;
 	} *items;
 	int nr, alloc;
 };
 
-static int read_one_reflog(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
-		const char *email, unsigned long timestamp, int tz,
+static int read_one_reflog(struct object_id *ooid, struct object_id *noid,
+		const char *email, timestamp_t timestamp, int tz,
 		const char *message, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct complete_reflogs *array = cb_data;
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ static int read_one_reflog(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
 
 	ALLOC_GROW(array->items, array->nr + 1, array->alloc);
 	item = array->items + array->nr;
-	hashcpy(item->osha1, osha1);
-	hashcpy(item->nsha1, nsha1);
+	oidcpy(&item->ooid, ooid);
+	oidcpy(&item->noid, noid);
 	item->email = xstrdup(email);
 	item->timestamp = timestamp;
 	item->tz = tz;
@@ -38,6 +38,22 @@ static int read_one_reflog(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void free_complete_reflog(struct complete_reflogs *array)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!array)
+		return;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < array->nr; i++) {
+		free(array->items[i].email);
+		free(array->items[i].message);
+	}
+	free(array->items);
+	free(array->ref);
+	free(array);
+}
+
 static struct complete_reflogs *read_complete_reflog(const char *ref)
 {
 	struct complete_reflogs *reflogs =
@@ -45,23 +61,21 @@ static struct complete_reflogs *read_complete_reflog(const char *ref)
 	reflogs->ref = xstrdup(ref);
 	for_each_reflog_ent(ref, read_one_reflog, reflogs);
 	if (reflogs->nr == 0) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		const char *name;
 		void *name_to_free;
 		name = name_to_free = resolve_refdup(ref, RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-						     sha1, NULL);
+						     NULL, NULL);
 		if (name) {
 			for_each_reflog_ent(name, read_one_reflog, reflogs);
 			free(name_to_free);
 		}
 	}
 	if (reflogs->nr == 0) {
-		int len = strlen(ref);
-		char *refname = xmalloc(len + 12);
-		sprintf(refname, "refs/%s", ref);
+		char *refname = xstrfmt("refs/%s", ref);
 		for_each_reflog_ent(refname, read_one_reflog, reflogs);
 		if (reflogs->nr == 0) {
-			sprintf(refname, "refs/heads/%s", ref);
+			free(refname);
+			refname = xstrfmt("refs/heads/%s", ref);
 			for_each_reflog_ent(refname, read_one_reflog, reflogs);
 		}
 		free(refname);
@@ -70,7 +84,7 @@ static struct complete_reflogs *read_complete_reflog(const char *ref)
 }
 
 static int get_reflog_recno_by_time(struct complete_reflogs *array,
-	unsigned long timestamp)
+	timestamp_t timestamp)
 {
 	int i;
 	for (i = array->nr - 1; i >= 0; i--)
@@ -79,45 +93,6 @@ static int get_reflog_recno_by_time(struct complete_reflogs *array,
 	return -1;
 }
 
-struct commit_info_lifo {
-	struct commit_info {
-		struct commit *commit;
-		void *util;
-	} *items;
-	int nr, alloc;
-};
-
-static struct commit_info *get_commit_info(struct commit *commit,
-		struct commit_info_lifo *lifo, int pop)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < lifo->nr; i++)
-		if (lifo->items[i].commit == commit) {
-			struct commit_info *result = &lifo->items[i];
-			if (pop) {
-				if (i + 1 < lifo->nr)
-					memmove(lifo->items + i,
-						lifo->items + i + 1,
-						(lifo->nr - i) *
-						sizeof(struct commit_info));
-				lifo->nr--;
-			}
-			return result;
-		}
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-static void add_commit_info(struct commit *commit, void *util,
-		struct commit_info_lifo *lifo)
-{
-	struct commit_info *info;
-	ALLOC_GROW(lifo->items, lifo->nr + 1, lifo->alloc);
-	info = lifo->items + lifo->nr;
-	info->commit = commit;
-	info->util = util;
-	lifo->nr++;
-}
-
 struct commit_reflog {
 	int recno;
 	enum selector_type {
@@ -129,7 +104,8 @@ struct commit_reflog {
 };
 
 struct reflog_walk_info {
-	struct commit_info_lifo reflogs;
+	struct commit_reflog **logs;
+	size_t nr, alloc;
 	struct string_list complete_reflogs;
 	struct commit_reflog *last_commit_reflog;
 };
@@ -137,12 +113,13 @@ struct reflog_walk_info {
 void init_reflog_walk(struct reflog_walk_info **info)
 {
 	*info = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct reflog_walk_info));
+	(*info)->complete_reflogs.strdup_strings = 1;
 }
 
 int add_reflog_for_walk(struct reflog_walk_info *info,
 		struct commit *commit, const char *name)
 {
-	unsigned long timestamp = 0;
+	timestamp_t timestamp = 0;
 	int recno = -1;
 	struct string_list_item *item;
 	struct complete_reflogs *reflogs;
@@ -151,7 +128,7 @@ int add_reflog_for_walk(struct reflog_walk_info *info,
 	enum selector_type selector = SELECTOR_NONE;
 
 	if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
-		die ("Cannot walk reflogs for %s", name);
+		die("cannot walk reflogs for %s", name);
 
 	branch = xstrdup(name);
 	if (at && at[1] == '{') {
@@ -173,38 +150,41 @@ int add_reflog_for_walk(struct reflog_walk_info *info,
 		reflogs = item->util;
 	else {
 		if (*branch == '\0') {
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
 			free(branch);
-			branch = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, sha1, NULL);
+			branch = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, NULL, NULL);
 			if (!branch)
-				die ("No current branch");
+				die("no current branch");
 
 		}
 		reflogs = read_complete_reflog(branch);
 		if (!reflogs || reflogs->nr == 0) {
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
+			struct object_id oid;
 			char *b;
-			if (dwim_log(branch, strlen(branch), sha1, &b) == 1) {
-				if (reflogs) {
-					free(reflogs->ref);
-					free(reflogs);
-				}
+			int ret = dwim_log(branch, strlen(branch),
+					   &oid, &b);
+			if (ret > 1)
+				free(b);
+			else if (ret == 1) {
+				free_complete_reflog(reflogs);
 				free(branch);
 				branch = b;
 				reflogs = read_complete_reflog(branch);
 			}
 		}
-		if (!reflogs || reflogs->nr == 0)
+		if (!reflogs || reflogs->nr == 0) {
+			free_complete_reflog(reflogs);
+			free(branch);
 			return -1;
+		}
 		string_list_insert(&info->complete_reflogs, branch)->util
 			= reflogs;
 	}
+	free(branch);
 
 	commit_reflog = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct commit_reflog));
 	if (recno < 0) {
 		commit_reflog->recno = get_reflog_recno_by_time(reflogs, timestamp);
 		if (commit_reflog->recno < 0) {
-			free(branch);
 			free(commit_reflog);
 			return -1;
 		}
@@ -213,43 +193,15 @@ int add_reflog_for_walk(struct reflog_walk_info *info,
 	commit_reflog->selector = selector;
 	commit_reflog->reflogs = reflogs;
 
-	add_commit_info(commit, commit_reflog, &info->reflogs);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-void fake_reflog_parent(struct reflog_walk_info *info, struct commit *commit)
-{
-	struct commit_info *commit_info =
-		get_commit_info(commit, &info->reflogs, 0);
-	struct commit_reflog *commit_reflog;
-	struct reflog_info *reflog;
-
-	info->last_commit_reflog = NULL;
-	if (!commit_info)
-		return;
+	ALLOC_GROW(info->logs, info->nr + 1, info->alloc);
+	info->logs[info->nr++] = commit_reflog;
 
-	commit_reflog = commit_info->util;
-	if (commit_reflog->recno < 0) {
-		commit->parents = NULL;
-		return;
-	}
-
-	reflog = &commit_reflog->reflogs->items[commit_reflog->recno];
-	info->last_commit_reflog = commit_reflog;
-	commit_reflog->recno--;
-	commit_info->commit = (struct commit *)parse_object(reflog->osha1);
-	if (!commit_info->commit) {
-		commit->parents = NULL;
-		return;
-	}
-
-	commit->parents = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct commit_list));
-	commit->parents->item = commit_info->commit;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 void get_reflog_selector(struct strbuf *sb,
 			 struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info,
-			 enum date_mode dmode, int force_date,
+			 const struct date_mode *dmode, int force_date,
 			 int shorten)
 {
 	struct commit_reflog *commit_reflog = reflog_info->last_commit_reflog;
@@ -310,8 +262,20 @@ const char *get_reflog_ident(struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info)
 	return info->email;
 }
 
+timestamp_t get_reflog_timestamp(struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info)
+{
+	struct commit_reflog *commit_reflog = reflog_info->last_commit_reflog;
+	struct reflog_info *info;
+
+	if (!commit_reflog)
+		return 0;
+
+	info = &commit_reflog->reflogs->items[commit_reflog->recno+1];
+	return info->timestamp;
+}
+
 void show_reflog_message(struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info, int oneline,
-			 enum date_mode dmode, int force_date)
+			 const struct date_mode *dmode, int force_date)
 {
 	if (reflog_info && reflog_info->last_commit_reflog) {
 		struct commit_reflog *commit_reflog = reflog_info->last_commit_reflog;
@@ -331,3 +295,54 @@ void show_reflog_message(struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info, int oneline,
 		strbuf_release(&selector);
 	}
 }
+
+int reflog_walk_empty(struct reflog_walk_info *info)
+{
+	return !info || !info->nr;
+}
+
+static struct commit *next_reflog_commit(struct commit_reflog *log)
+{
+	for (; log->recno >= 0; log->recno--) {
+		struct reflog_info *entry = &log->reflogs->items[log->recno];
+		struct object *obj = parse_object(the_repository,
+						  &entry->noid);
+
+		if (obj && obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+			return (struct commit *)obj;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static timestamp_t log_timestamp(struct commit_reflog *log)
+{
+	return log->reflogs->items[log->recno].timestamp;
+}
+
+struct commit *next_reflog_entry(struct reflog_walk_info *walk)
+{
+	struct commit_reflog *best = NULL;
+	struct commit *best_commit = NULL;
+	size_t i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < walk->nr; i++) {
+		struct commit_reflog *log = walk->logs[i];
+		struct commit *commit = next_reflog_commit(log);
+
+		if (!commit)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!best || log_timestamp(log) > log_timestamp(best)) {
+			best = log;
+			best_commit = commit;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (best) {
+		best->recno--;
+		walk->last_commit_reflog = best;
+		return best_commit;
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
diff --git a/reflog-walk.h b/reflog-walk.h
index a9bd60e32d..cb3e73755d 100644
--- a/reflog-walk.h
+++ b/reflog-walk.h
@@ -3,21 +3,25 @@
 
 #include "cache.h"
 
+struct commit;
 struct reflog_walk_info;
 
 extern void init_reflog_walk(struct reflog_walk_info **info);
 extern int add_reflog_for_walk(struct reflog_walk_info *info,
 		struct commit *commit, const char *name);
-extern void fake_reflog_parent(struct reflog_walk_info *info,
-		struct commit *commit);
 extern void show_reflog_message(struct reflog_walk_info *info, int,
-				enum date_mode, int force_date);
+				const struct date_mode *, int force_date);
 extern void get_reflog_message(struct strbuf *sb,
 		struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info);
 extern const char *get_reflog_ident(struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info);
+extern timestamp_t get_reflog_timestamp(struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info);
 extern void get_reflog_selector(struct strbuf *sb,
 		struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info,
-		enum date_mode dmode, int force_date,
+		const struct date_mode *dmode, int force_date,
 		int shorten);
 
+extern int reflog_walk_empty(struct reflog_walk_info *walk);
+
+struct commit *next_reflog_entry(struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/refs.c b/refs.c
index e23542b386..de81c7be7c 100644
--- a/refs.c
+++ b/refs.c
@@ -1,18 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * The backend-independent part of the reference module.
+ */
+
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "hashmap.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
+#include "iterator.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "refs/refs-internal.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "tag.h"
-#include "dir.h"
-#include "string-list.h"
-
-struct ref_lock {
-	char *ref_name;
-	char *orig_ref_name;
-	struct lock_file *lk;
-	unsigned char old_sha1[20];
-	int lock_fd;
-};
+#include "submodule.h"
+#include "worktree.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+
+/*
+ * List of all available backends
+ */
+static struct ref_storage_be *refs_backends = &refs_be_files;
+
+static struct ref_storage_be *find_ref_storage_backend(const char *name)
+{
+	struct ref_storage_be *be;
+	for (be = refs_backends; be; be = be->next)
+		if (!strcmp(be->name, name))
+			return be;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+int ref_storage_backend_exists(const char *name)
+{
+	return find_ref_storage_backend(name) != NULL;
+}
 
 /*
  * How to handle various characters in refnames:
@@ -20,12 +42,14 @@ struct ref_lock {
  * 1: End-of-component
  * 2: ., look for a preceding . to reject .. in refs
  * 3: {, look for a preceding @ to reject @{ in refs
- * 4: A bad character: ASCII control characters, "~", "^", ":" or SP
+ * 4: A bad character: ASCII control characters, and
+ *    ":", "?", "[", "\", "^", "~", SP, or TAB
+ * 5: *, reject unless REFNAME_REFSPEC_PATTERN is set
  */
 static unsigned char refname_disposition[256] = {
 	1, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
 	4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
-	4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1,
+	4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1,
 	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4,
 	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 4, 0, 4, 0,
@@ -34,30 +58,6 @@ static unsigned char refname_disposition[256] = {
 };
 
 /*
- * Flag passed to lock_ref_sha1_basic() telling it to tolerate broken
- * refs (i.e., because the reference is about to be deleted anyway).
- */
-#define REF_DELETING	0x02
-
-/*
- * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when a loose ref is being
- * pruned.
- */
-#define REF_ISPRUNING	0x04
-
-/*
- * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when the reference should be
- * updated to new_sha1.
- */
-#define REF_HAVE_NEW	0x08
-
-/*
- * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when old_sha1 should be
- * checked.
- */
-#define REF_HAVE_OLD	0x10
-
-/*
  * Try to read one refname component from the front of refname.
  * Return the length of the component found, or -1 if the component is
  * not legal.  It is legal if it is something reasonable to have under
@@ -65,12 +65,14 @@ static unsigned char refname_disposition[256] = {
  *
  * - any path component of it begins with ".", or
  * - it has double dots "..", or
- * - it has ASCII control character, "~", "^", ":" or SP, anywhere, or
- * - it ends with a "/".
- * - it ends with ".lock"
- * - it contains a "\" (backslash)
+ * - it has ASCII control characters, or
+ * - it has ":", "?", "[", "\", "^", "~", SP, or TAB anywhere, or
+ * - it has "*" anywhere unless REFNAME_REFSPEC_PATTERN is set, or
+ * - it ends with a "/", or
+ * - it ends with ".lock", or
+ * - it contains a "@{" portion
  */
-static int check_refname_component(const char *refname, int flags)
+static int check_refname_component(const char *refname, int *flags)
 {
 	const char *cp;
 	char last = '\0';
@@ -91,6 +93,16 @@ static int check_refname_component(const char *refname, int flags)
 			break;
 		case 4:
 			return -1;
+		case 5:
+			if (!(*flags & REFNAME_REFSPEC_PATTERN))
+				return -1; /* refspec can't be a pattern */
+
+			/*
+			 * Unset the pattern flag so that we only accept
+			 * a single asterisk for one side of refspec.
+			 */
+			*flags &= ~ REFNAME_REFSPEC_PATTERN;
+			break;
 		}
 		last = ch;
 	}
@@ -115,18 +127,10 @@ int check_refname_format(const char *refname, int flags)
 
 	while (1) {
 		/* We are at the start of a path component. */
-		component_len = check_refname_component(refname, flags);
-		if (component_len <= 0) {
-			if ((flags & REFNAME_REFSPEC_PATTERN) &&
-					refname[0] == '*' &&
-					(refname[1] == '\0' || refname[1] == '/')) {
-				/* Accept one wildcard as a full refname component. */
-				flags &= ~REFNAME_REFSPEC_PATTERN;
-				component_len = 1;
-			} else {
-				return -1;
-			}
-		}
+		component_len = check_refname_component(refname, &flags);
+		if (component_len <= 0)
+			return -1;
+
 		component_count++;
 		if (refname[component_len] == '\0')
 			break;
@@ -141,1586 +145,167 @@ int check_refname_format(const char *refname, int flags)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-struct ref_entry;
-
-/*
- * Information used (along with the information in ref_entry) to
- * describe a single cached reference.  This data structure only
- * occurs embedded in a union in struct ref_entry, and only when
- * (ref_entry->flag & REF_DIR) is zero.
- */
-struct ref_value {
-	/*
-	 * The name of the object to which this reference resolves
-	 * (which may be a tag object).  If REF_ISBROKEN, this is
-	 * null.  If REF_ISSYMREF, then this is the name of the object
-	 * referred to by the last reference in the symlink chain.
-	 */
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-
-	/*
-	 * If REF_KNOWS_PEELED, then this field holds the peeled value
-	 * of this reference, or null if the reference is known not to
-	 * be peelable.  See the documentation for peel_ref() for an
-	 * exact definition of "peelable".
-	 */
-	unsigned char peeled[20];
-};
-
-struct ref_cache;
-
-/*
- * Information used (along with the information in ref_entry) to
- * describe a level in the hierarchy of references.  This data
- * structure only occurs embedded in a union in struct ref_entry, and
- * only when (ref_entry.flag & REF_DIR) is set.  In that case,
- * (ref_entry.flag & REF_INCOMPLETE) determines whether the references
- * in the directory have already been read:
- *
- *     (ref_entry.flag & REF_INCOMPLETE) unset -- a directory of loose
- *         or packed references, already read.
- *
- *     (ref_entry.flag & REF_INCOMPLETE) set -- a directory of loose
- *         references that hasn't been read yet (nor has any of its
- *         subdirectories).
- *
- * Entries within a directory are stored within a growable array of
- * pointers to ref_entries (entries, nr, alloc).  Entries 0 <= i <
- * sorted are sorted by their component name in strcmp() order and the
- * remaining entries are unsorted.
- *
- * Loose references are read lazily, one directory at a time.  When a
- * directory of loose references is read, then all of the references
- * in that directory are stored, and REF_INCOMPLETE stubs are created
- * for any subdirectories, but the subdirectories themselves are not
- * read.  The reading is triggered by get_ref_dir().
- */
-struct ref_dir {
-	int nr, alloc;
-
-	/*
-	 * Entries with index 0 <= i < sorted are sorted by name.  New
-	 * entries are appended to the list unsorted, and are sorted
-	 * only when required; thus we avoid the need to sort the list
-	 * after the addition of every reference.
-	 */
-	int sorted;
-
-	/* A pointer to the ref_cache that contains this ref_dir. */
-	struct ref_cache *ref_cache;
-
-	struct ref_entry **entries;
-};
-
-/*
- * Bit values for ref_entry::flag.  REF_ISSYMREF=0x01,
- * REF_ISPACKED=0x02, REF_ISBROKEN=0x04 and REF_BAD_NAME=0x08 are
- * public values; see refs.h.
- */
-
-/*
- * The field ref_entry->u.value.peeled of this value entry contains
- * the correct peeled value for the reference, which might be
- * null_sha1 if the reference is not a tag or if it is broken.
- */
-#define REF_KNOWS_PEELED 0x10
-
-/* ref_entry represents a directory of references */
-#define REF_DIR 0x20
-
-/*
- * Entry has not yet been read from disk (used only for REF_DIR
- * entries representing loose references)
- */
-#define REF_INCOMPLETE 0x40
-
-/*
- * A ref_entry represents either a reference or a "subdirectory" of
- * references.
- *
- * Each directory in the reference namespace is represented by a
- * ref_entry with (flags & REF_DIR) set and containing a subdir member
- * that holds the entries in that directory that have been read so
- * far.  If (flags & REF_INCOMPLETE) is set, then the directory and
- * its subdirectories haven't been read yet.  REF_INCOMPLETE is only
- * used for loose reference directories.
- *
- * References are represented by a ref_entry with (flags & REF_DIR)
- * unset and a value member that describes the reference's value.  The
- * flag member is at the ref_entry level, but it is also needed to
- * interpret the contents of the value field (in other words, a
- * ref_value object is not very much use without the enclosing
- * ref_entry).
- *
- * Reference names cannot end with slash and directories' names are
- * always stored with a trailing slash (except for the top-level
- * directory, which is always denoted by "").  This has two nice
- * consequences: (1) when the entries in each subdir are sorted
- * lexicographically by name (as they usually are), the references in
- * a whole tree can be generated in lexicographic order by traversing
- * the tree in left-to-right, depth-first order; (2) the names of
- * references and subdirectories cannot conflict, and therefore the
- * presence of an empty subdirectory does not block the creation of a
- * similarly-named reference.  (The fact that reference names with the
- * same leading components can conflict *with each other* is a
- * separate issue that is regulated by is_refname_available().)
- *
- * Please note that the name field contains the fully-qualified
- * reference (or subdirectory) name.  Space could be saved by only
- * storing the relative names.  But that would require the full names
- * to be generated on the fly when iterating in do_for_each_ref(), and
- * would break callback functions, who have always been able to assume
- * that the name strings that they are passed will not be freed during
- * the iteration.
- */
-struct ref_entry {
-	unsigned char flag; /* ISSYMREF? ISPACKED? */
-	union {
-		struct ref_value value; /* if not (flags&REF_DIR) */
-		struct ref_dir subdir; /* if (flags&REF_DIR) */
-	} u;
-	/*
-	 * The full name of the reference (e.g., "refs/heads/master")
-	 * or the full name of the directory with a trailing slash
-	 * (e.g., "refs/heads/"):
-	 */
-	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
-};
-
-static void read_loose_refs(const char *dirname, struct ref_dir *dir);
-
-static struct ref_dir *get_ref_dir(struct ref_entry *entry)
+int refname_is_safe(const char *refname)
 {
-	struct ref_dir *dir;
-	assert(entry->flag & REF_DIR);
-	dir = &entry->u.subdir;
-	if (entry->flag & REF_INCOMPLETE) {
-		read_loose_refs(entry->name, dir);
-		entry->flag &= ~REF_INCOMPLETE;
-	}
-	return dir;
-}
+	const char *rest;
 
-/*
- * Check if a refname is safe.
- * For refs that start with "refs/" we consider it safe as long they do
- * not try to resolve to outside of refs/.
- *
- * For all other refs we only consider them safe iff they only contain
- * upper case characters and '_' (like "HEAD" AND "MERGE_HEAD", and not like
- * "config").
- */
-static int refname_is_safe(const char *refname)
-{
-	if (starts_with(refname, "refs/")) {
+	if (skip_prefix(refname, "refs/", &rest)) {
 		char *buf;
 		int result;
+		size_t restlen = strlen(rest);
+
+		/* rest must not be empty, or start or end with "/" */
+		if (!restlen || *rest == '/' || rest[restlen - 1] == '/')
+			return 0;
 
-		buf = xmalloc(strlen(refname) + 1);
 		/*
 		 * Does the refname try to escape refs/?
 		 * For example: refs/foo/../bar is safe but refs/foo/../../bar
 		 * is not.
 		 */
-		result = !normalize_path_copy(buf, refname + strlen("refs/"));
+		buf = xmallocz(restlen);
+		result = !normalize_path_copy(buf, rest) && !strcmp(buf, rest);
 		free(buf);
 		return result;
 	}
-	while (*refname) {
+
+	do {
 		if (!isupper(*refname) && *refname != '_')
 			return 0;
 		refname++;
-	}
+	} while (*refname);
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static struct ref_entry *create_ref_entry(const char *refname,
-					  const unsigned char *sha1, int flag,
-					  int check_name)
-{
-	int len;
-	struct ref_entry *ref;
-
-	if (check_name &&
-	    check_refname_format(refname, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL))
-		die("Reference has invalid format: '%s'", refname);
-	if (!check_name && !refname_is_safe(refname))
-		die("Reference has invalid name: '%s'", refname);
-	len = strlen(refname) + 1;
-	ref = xmalloc(sizeof(struct ref_entry) + len);
-	hashcpy(ref->u.value.sha1, sha1);
-	hashclr(ref->u.value.peeled);
-	memcpy(ref->name, refname, len);
-	ref->flag = flag;
-	return ref;
-}
-
-static void clear_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir);
-
-static void free_ref_entry(struct ref_entry *entry)
-{
-	if (entry->flag & REF_DIR) {
-		/*
-		 * Do not use get_ref_dir() here, as that might
-		 * trigger the reading of loose refs.
-		 */
-		clear_ref_dir(&entry->u.subdir);
-	}
-	free(entry);
-}
-
-/*
- * Add a ref_entry to the end of dir (unsorted).  Entry is always
- * stored directly in dir; no recursion into subdirectories is
- * done.
- */
-static void add_entry_to_dir(struct ref_dir *dir, struct ref_entry *entry)
-{
-	ALLOC_GROW(dir->entries, dir->nr + 1, dir->alloc);
-	dir->entries[dir->nr++] = entry;
-	/* optimize for the case that entries are added in order */
-	if (dir->nr == 1 ||
-	    (dir->nr == dir->sorted + 1 &&
-	     strcmp(dir->entries[dir->nr - 2]->name,
-		    dir->entries[dir->nr - 1]->name) < 0))
-		dir->sorted = dir->nr;
-}
-
-/*
- * Clear and free all entries in dir, recursively.
- */
-static void clear_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < dir->nr; i++)
-		free_ref_entry(dir->entries[i]);
-	free(dir->entries);
-	dir->sorted = dir->nr = dir->alloc = 0;
-	dir->entries = NULL;
-}
-
-/*
- * Create a struct ref_entry object for the specified dirname.
- * dirname is the name of the directory with a trailing slash (e.g.,
- * "refs/heads/") or "" for the top-level directory.
- */
-static struct ref_entry *create_dir_entry(struct ref_cache *ref_cache,
-					  const char *dirname, size_t len,
-					  int incomplete)
-{
-	struct ref_entry *direntry;
-	direntry = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_entry) + len + 1);
-	memcpy(direntry->name, dirname, len);
-	direntry->name[len] = '\0';
-	direntry->u.subdir.ref_cache = ref_cache;
-	direntry->flag = REF_DIR | (incomplete ? REF_INCOMPLETE : 0);
-	return direntry;
-}
-
-static int ref_entry_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
-{
-	struct ref_entry *one = *(struct ref_entry **)a;
-	struct ref_entry *two = *(struct ref_entry **)b;
-	return strcmp(one->name, two->name);
-}
-
-static void sort_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir);
-
-struct string_slice {
-	size_t len;
-	const char *str;
-};
-
-static int ref_entry_cmp_sslice(const void *key_, const void *ent_)
-{
-	const struct string_slice *key = key_;
-	const struct ref_entry *ent = *(const struct ref_entry * const *)ent_;
-	int cmp = strncmp(key->str, ent->name, key->len);
-	if (cmp)
-		return cmp;
-	return '\0' - (unsigned char)ent->name[key->len];
-}
-
-/*
- * Return the index of the entry with the given refname from the
- * ref_dir (non-recursively), sorting dir if necessary.  Return -1 if
- * no such entry is found.  dir must already be complete.
- */
-static int search_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir, const char *refname, size_t len)
-{
-	struct ref_entry **r;
-	struct string_slice key;
-
-	if (refname == NULL || !dir->nr)
-		return -1;
-
-	sort_ref_dir(dir);
-	key.len = len;
-	key.str = refname;
-	r = bsearch(&key, dir->entries, dir->nr, sizeof(*dir->entries),
-		    ref_entry_cmp_sslice);
-
-	if (r == NULL)
-		return -1;
-
-	return r - dir->entries;
-}
-
-/*
- * Search for a directory entry directly within dir (without
- * recursing).  Sort dir if necessary.  subdirname must be a directory
- * name (i.e., end in '/').  If mkdir is set, then create the
- * directory if it is missing; otherwise, return NULL if the desired
- * directory cannot be found.  dir must already be complete.
- */
-static struct ref_dir *search_for_subdir(struct ref_dir *dir,
-					 const char *subdirname, size_t len,
-					 int mkdir)
-{
-	int entry_index = search_ref_dir(dir, subdirname, len);
-	struct ref_entry *entry;
-	if (entry_index == -1) {
-		if (!mkdir)
-			return NULL;
-		/*
-		 * Since dir is complete, the absence of a subdir
-		 * means that the subdir really doesn't exist;
-		 * therefore, create an empty record for it but mark
-		 * the record complete.
-		 */
-		entry = create_dir_entry(dir->ref_cache, subdirname, len, 0);
-		add_entry_to_dir(dir, entry);
-	} else {
-		entry = dir->entries[entry_index];
-	}
-	return get_ref_dir(entry);
-}
-
 /*
- * If refname is a reference name, find the ref_dir within the dir
- * tree that should hold refname.  If refname is a directory name
- * (i.e., ends in '/'), then return that ref_dir itself.  dir must
- * represent the top-level directory and must already be complete.
- * Sort ref_dirs and recurse into subdirectories as necessary.  If
- * mkdir is set, then create any missing directories; otherwise,
- * return NULL if the desired directory cannot be found.
+ * Return true if refname, which has the specified oid and flags, can
+ * be resolved to an object in the database. If the referred-to object
+ * does not exist, emit a warning and return false.
  */
-static struct ref_dir *find_containing_dir(struct ref_dir *dir,
-					   const char *refname, int mkdir)
+int ref_resolves_to_object(const char *refname,
+			   const struct object_id *oid,
+			   unsigned int flags)
 {
-	const char *slash;
-	for (slash = strchr(refname, '/'); slash; slash = strchr(slash + 1, '/')) {
-		size_t dirnamelen = slash - refname + 1;
-		struct ref_dir *subdir;
-		subdir = search_for_subdir(dir, refname, dirnamelen, mkdir);
-		if (!subdir) {
-			dir = NULL;
-			break;
-		}
-		dir = subdir;
-	}
-
-	return dir;
-}
-
-/*
- * Find the value entry with the given name in dir, sorting ref_dirs
- * and recursing into subdirectories as necessary.  If the name is not
- * found or it corresponds to a directory entry, return NULL.
- */
-static struct ref_entry *find_ref(struct ref_dir *dir, const char *refname)
-{
-	int entry_index;
-	struct ref_entry *entry;
-	dir = find_containing_dir(dir, refname, 0);
-	if (!dir)
-		return NULL;
-	entry_index = search_ref_dir(dir, refname, strlen(refname));
-	if (entry_index == -1)
-		return NULL;
-	entry = dir->entries[entry_index];
-	return (entry->flag & REF_DIR) ? NULL : entry;
-}
-
-/*
- * Remove the entry with the given name from dir, recursing into
- * subdirectories as necessary.  If refname is the name of a directory
- * (i.e., ends with '/'), then remove the directory and its contents.
- * If the removal was successful, return the number of entries
- * remaining in the directory entry that contained the deleted entry.
- * If the name was not found, return -1.  Please note that this
- * function only deletes the entry from the cache; it does not delete
- * it from the filesystem or ensure that other cache entries (which
- * might be symbolic references to the removed entry) are updated.
- * Nor does it remove any containing dir entries that might be made
- * empty by the removal.  dir must represent the top-level directory
- * and must already be complete.
- */
-static int remove_entry(struct ref_dir *dir, const char *refname)
-{
-	int refname_len = strlen(refname);
-	int entry_index;
-	struct ref_entry *entry;
-	int is_dir = refname[refname_len - 1] == '/';
-	if (is_dir) {
-		/*
-		 * refname represents a reference directory.  Remove
-		 * the trailing slash; otherwise we will get the
-		 * directory *representing* refname rather than the
-		 * one *containing* it.
-		 */
-		char *dirname = xmemdupz(refname, refname_len - 1);
-		dir = find_containing_dir(dir, dirname, 0);
-		free(dirname);
-	} else {
-		dir = find_containing_dir(dir, refname, 0);
-	}
-	if (!dir)
-		return -1;
-	entry_index = search_ref_dir(dir, refname, refname_len);
-	if (entry_index == -1)
-		return -1;
-	entry = dir->entries[entry_index];
-
-	memmove(&dir->entries[entry_index],
-		&dir->entries[entry_index + 1],
-		(dir->nr - entry_index - 1) * sizeof(*dir->entries)
-		);
-	dir->nr--;
-	if (dir->sorted > entry_index)
-		dir->sorted--;
-	free_ref_entry(entry);
-	return dir->nr;
-}
-
-/*
- * Add a ref_entry to the ref_dir (unsorted), recursing into
- * subdirectories as necessary.  dir must represent the top-level
- * directory.  Return 0 on success.
- */
-static int add_ref(struct ref_dir *dir, struct ref_entry *ref)
-{
-	dir = find_containing_dir(dir, ref->name, 1);
-	if (!dir)
-		return -1;
-	add_entry_to_dir(dir, ref);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Emit a warning and return true iff ref1 and ref2 have the same name
- * and the same sha1.  Die if they have the same name but different
- * sha1s.
- */
-static int is_dup_ref(const struct ref_entry *ref1, const struct ref_entry *ref2)
-{
-	if (strcmp(ref1->name, ref2->name))
+	if (flags & REF_ISBROKEN)
 		return 0;
-
-	/* Duplicate name; make sure that they don't conflict: */
-
-	if ((ref1->flag & REF_DIR) || (ref2->flag & REF_DIR))
-		/* This is impossible by construction */
-		die("Reference directory conflict: %s", ref1->name);
-
-	if (hashcmp(ref1->u.value.sha1, ref2->u.value.sha1))
-		die("Duplicated ref, and SHA1s don't match: %s", ref1->name);
-
-	warning("Duplicated ref: %s", ref1->name);
-	return 1;
-}
-
-/*
- * Sort the entries in dir non-recursively (if they are not already
- * sorted) and remove any duplicate entries.
- */
-static void sort_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir)
-{
-	int i, j;
-	struct ref_entry *last = NULL;
-
-	/*
-	 * This check also prevents passing a zero-length array to qsort(),
-	 * which is a problem on some platforms.
-	 */
-	if (dir->sorted == dir->nr)
-		return;
-
-	qsort(dir->entries, dir->nr, sizeof(*dir->entries), ref_entry_cmp);
-
-	/* Remove any duplicates: */
-	for (i = 0, j = 0; j < dir->nr; j++) {
-		struct ref_entry *entry = dir->entries[j];
-		if (last && is_dup_ref(last, entry))
-			free_ref_entry(entry);
-		else
-			last = dir->entries[i++] = entry;
-	}
-	dir->sorted = dir->nr = i;
-}
-
-/* Include broken references in a do_for_each_ref*() iteration: */
-#define DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN 0x01
-
-/*
- * Return true iff the reference described by entry can be resolved to
- * an object in the database.  Emit a warning if the referred-to
- * object does not exist.
- */
-static int ref_resolves_to_object(struct ref_entry *entry)
-{
-	if (entry->flag & REF_ISBROKEN)
-		return 0;
-	if (!has_sha1_file(entry->u.value.sha1)) {
-		error("%s does not point to a valid object!", entry->name);
+	if (!has_sha1_file(oid->hash)) {
+		error(_("%s does not point to a valid object!"), refname);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	return 1;
 }
 
-/*
- * current_ref is a performance hack: when iterating over references
- * using the for_each_ref*() functions, current_ref is set to the
- * current reference's entry before calling the callback function.  If
- * the callback function calls peel_ref(), then peel_ref() first
- * checks whether the reference to be peeled is the current reference
- * (it usually is) and if so, returns that reference's peeled version
- * if it is available.  This avoids a refname lookup in a common case.
- */
-static struct ref_entry *current_ref;
-
-typedef int each_ref_entry_fn(struct ref_entry *entry, void *cb_data);
-
-struct ref_entry_cb {
-	const char *base;
-	int trim;
-	int flags;
-	each_ref_fn *fn;
-	void *cb_data;
-};
-
-/*
- * Handle one reference in a do_for_each_ref*()-style iteration,
- * calling an each_ref_fn for each entry.
- */
-static int do_one_ref(struct ref_entry *entry, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct ref_entry_cb *data = cb_data;
-	struct ref_entry *old_current_ref;
-	int retval;
-
-	if (!starts_with(entry->name, data->base))
-		return 0;
-
-	if (!(data->flags & DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN) &&
-	      !ref_resolves_to_object(entry))
-		return 0;
-
-	/* Store the old value, in case this is a recursive call: */
-	old_current_ref = current_ref;
-	current_ref = entry;
-	retval = data->fn(entry->name + data->trim, entry->u.value.sha1,
-			  entry->flag, data->cb_data);
-	current_ref = old_current_ref;
-	return retval;
-}
-
-/*
- * Call fn for each reference in dir that has index in the range
- * offset <= index < dir->nr.  Recurse into subdirectories that are in
- * that index range, sorting them before iterating.  This function
- * does not sort dir itself; it should be sorted beforehand.  fn is
- * called for all references, including broken ones.
- */
-static int do_for_each_entry_in_dir(struct ref_dir *dir, int offset,
-				    each_ref_entry_fn fn, void *cb_data)
-{
-	int i;
-	assert(dir->sorted == dir->nr);
-	for (i = offset; i < dir->nr; i++) {
-		struct ref_entry *entry = dir->entries[i];
-		int retval;
-		if (entry->flag & REF_DIR) {
-			struct ref_dir *subdir = get_ref_dir(entry);
-			sort_ref_dir(subdir);
-			retval = do_for_each_entry_in_dir(subdir, 0, fn, cb_data);
-		} else {
-			retval = fn(entry, cb_data);
-		}
-		if (retval)
-			return retval;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Call fn for each reference in the union of dir1 and dir2, in order
- * by refname.  Recurse into subdirectories.  If a value entry appears
- * in both dir1 and dir2, then only process the version that is in
- * dir2.  The input dirs must already be sorted, but subdirs will be
- * sorted as needed.  fn is called for all references, including
- * broken ones.
- */
-static int do_for_each_entry_in_dirs(struct ref_dir *dir1,
-				     struct ref_dir *dir2,
-				     each_ref_entry_fn fn, void *cb_data)
-{
-	int retval;
-	int i1 = 0, i2 = 0;
-
-	assert(dir1->sorted == dir1->nr);
-	assert(dir2->sorted == dir2->nr);
-	while (1) {
-		struct ref_entry *e1, *e2;
-		int cmp;
-		if (i1 == dir1->nr) {
-			return do_for_each_entry_in_dir(dir2, i2, fn, cb_data);
-		}
-		if (i2 == dir2->nr) {
-			return do_for_each_entry_in_dir(dir1, i1, fn, cb_data);
-		}
-		e1 = dir1->entries[i1];
-		e2 = dir2->entries[i2];
-		cmp = strcmp(e1->name, e2->name);
-		if (cmp == 0) {
-			if ((e1->flag & REF_DIR) && (e2->flag & REF_DIR)) {
-				/* Both are directories; descend them in parallel. */
-				struct ref_dir *subdir1 = get_ref_dir(e1);
-				struct ref_dir *subdir2 = get_ref_dir(e2);
-				sort_ref_dir(subdir1);
-				sort_ref_dir(subdir2);
-				retval = do_for_each_entry_in_dirs(
-						subdir1, subdir2, fn, cb_data);
-				i1++;
-				i2++;
-			} else if (!(e1->flag & REF_DIR) && !(e2->flag & REF_DIR)) {
-				/* Both are references; ignore the one from dir1. */
-				retval = fn(e2, cb_data);
-				i1++;
-				i2++;
-			} else {
-				die("conflict between reference and directory: %s",
-				    e1->name);
-			}
-		} else {
-			struct ref_entry *e;
-			if (cmp < 0) {
-				e = e1;
-				i1++;
-			} else {
-				e = e2;
-				i2++;
-			}
-			if (e->flag & REF_DIR) {
-				struct ref_dir *subdir = get_ref_dir(e);
-				sort_ref_dir(subdir);
-				retval = do_for_each_entry_in_dir(
-						subdir, 0, fn, cb_data);
-			} else {
-				retval = fn(e, cb_data);
-			}
-		}
-		if (retval)
-			return retval;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Load all of the refs from the dir into our in-memory cache. The hard work
- * of loading loose refs is done by get_ref_dir(), so we just need to recurse
- * through all of the sub-directories. We do not even need to care about
- * sorting, as traversal order does not matter to us.
- */
-static void prime_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir)
+char *refs_resolve_refdup(struct ref_store *refs,
+			  const char *refname, int resolve_flags,
+			  struct object_id *oid, int *flags)
 {
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < dir->nr; i++) {
-		struct ref_entry *entry = dir->entries[i];
-		if (entry->flag & REF_DIR)
-			prime_ref_dir(get_ref_dir(entry));
-	}
-}
+	const char *result;
 
-static int entry_matches(struct ref_entry *entry, const struct string_list *list)
-{
-	return list && string_list_has_string(list, entry->name);
+	result = refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(refs, refname, resolve_flags,
+					 oid, flags);
+	return xstrdup_or_null(result);
 }
 
-struct nonmatching_ref_data {
-	const struct string_list *skip;
-	struct ref_entry *found;
-};
-
-static int nonmatching_ref_fn(struct ref_entry *entry, void *vdata)
-{
-	struct nonmatching_ref_data *data = vdata;
-
-	if (entry_matches(entry, data->skip))
-		return 0;
-
-	data->found = entry;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static void report_refname_conflict(struct ref_entry *entry,
-				    const char *refname)
+char *resolve_refdup(const char *refname, int resolve_flags,
+		     struct object_id *oid, int *flags)
 {
-	error("'%s' exists; cannot create '%s'", entry->name, refname);
+	return refs_resolve_refdup(get_main_ref_store(the_repository),
+				   refname, resolve_flags,
+				   oid, flags);
 }
 
-/*
- * Return true iff a reference named refname could be created without
- * conflicting with the name of an existing reference in dir.  If
- * skip is non-NULL, ignore potential conflicts with refs in skip
- * (e.g., because they are scheduled for deletion in the same
- * operation).
- *
- * Two reference names conflict if one of them exactly matches the
- * leading components of the other; e.g., "foo/bar" conflicts with
- * both "foo" and with "foo/bar/baz" but not with "foo/bar" or
- * "foo/barbados".
- *
- * skip must be sorted.
- */
-static int is_refname_available(const char *refname,
-				const struct string_list *skip,
-				struct ref_dir *dir)
-{
-	const char *slash;
-	size_t len;
-	int pos;
-	char *dirname;
-
-	for (slash = strchr(refname, '/'); slash; slash = strchr(slash + 1, '/')) {
-		/*
-		 * We are still at a leading dir of the refname; we are
-		 * looking for a conflict with a leaf entry.
-		 *
-		 * If we find one, we still must make sure it is
-		 * not in "skip".
-		 */
-		pos = search_ref_dir(dir, refname, slash - refname);
-		if (pos >= 0) {
-			struct ref_entry *entry = dir->entries[pos];
-			if (entry_matches(entry, skip))
-				return 1;
-			report_refname_conflict(entry, refname);
-			return 0;
-		}
-
-
-		/*
-		 * Otherwise, we can try to continue our search with
-		 * the next component; if we come up empty, we know
-		 * there is nothing under this whole prefix.
-		 */
-		pos = search_ref_dir(dir, refname, slash + 1 - refname);
-		if (pos < 0)
-			return 1;
-
-		dir = get_ref_dir(dir->entries[pos]);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * We are at the leaf of our refname; we want to
-	 * make sure there are no directories which match it.
-	 */
-	len = strlen(refname);
-	dirname = xmallocz(len + 1);
-	sprintf(dirname, "%s/", refname);
-	pos = search_ref_dir(dir, dirname, len + 1);
-	free(dirname);
-
-	if (pos >= 0) {
-		/*
-		 * We found a directory named "refname". It is a
-		 * problem iff it contains any ref that is not
-		 * in "skip".
-		 */
-		struct ref_entry *entry = dir->entries[pos];
-		struct ref_dir *dir = get_ref_dir(entry);
-		struct nonmatching_ref_data data;
-
-		data.skip = skip;
-		sort_ref_dir(dir);
-		if (!do_for_each_entry_in_dir(dir, 0, nonmatching_ref_fn, &data))
-			return 1;
-
-		report_refname_conflict(data.found, refname);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * There is no point in searching for another leaf
-	 * node which matches it; such an entry would be the
-	 * ref we are looking for, not a conflict.
-	 */
-	return 1;
-}
-
-struct packed_ref_cache {
-	struct ref_entry *root;
-
-	/*
-	 * Count of references to the data structure in this instance,
-	 * including the pointer from ref_cache::packed if any.  The
-	 * data will not be freed as long as the reference count is
-	 * nonzero.
-	 */
-	unsigned int referrers;
-
-	/*
-	 * Iff the packed-refs file associated with this instance is
-	 * currently locked for writing, this points at the associated
-	 * lock (which is owned by somebody else).  The referrer count
-	 * is also incremented when the file is locked and decremented
-	 * when it is unlocked.
-	 */
-	struct lock_file *lock;
-
-	/* The metadata from when this packed-refs cache was read */
-	struct stat_validity validity;
+/* The argument to filter_refs */
+struct ref_filter {
+	const char *pattern;
+	each_ref_fn *fn;
+	void *cb_data;
 };
 
-/*
- * Future: need to be in "struct repository"
- * when doing a full libification.
- */
-static struct ref_cache {
-	struct ref_cache *next;
-	struct ref_entry *loose;
-	struct packed_ref_cache *packed;
-	/*
-	 * The submodule name, or "" for the main repo.  We allocate
-	 * length 1 rather than FLEX_ARRAY so that the main ref_cache
-	 * is initialized correctly.
-	 */
-	char name[1];
-} ref_cache, *submodule_ref_caches;
-
-/* Lock used for the main packed-refs file: */
-static struct lock_file packlock;
-
-/*
- * Increment the reference count of *packed_refs.
- */
-static void acquire_packed_ref_cache(struct packed_ref_cache *packed_refs)
-{
-	packed_refs->referrers++;
-}
-
-/*
- * Decrease the reference count of *packed_refs.  If it goes to zero,
- * free *packed_refs and return true; otherwise return false.
- */
-static int release_packed_ref_cache(struct packed_ref_cache *packed_refs)
+int refs_read_ref_full(struct ref_store *refs, const char *refname,
+		       int resolve_flags, struct object_id *oid, int *flags)
 {
-	if (!--packed_refs->referrers) {
-		free_ref_entry(packed_refs->root);
-		stat_validity_clear(&packed_refs->validity);
-		free(packed_refs);
-		return 1;
-	} else {
+	if (refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(refs, refname, resolve_flags, oid, flags))
 		return 0;
-	}
-}
-
-static void clear_packed_ref_cache(struct ref_cache *refs)
-{
-	if (refs->packed) {
-		struct packed_ref_cache *packed_refs = refs->packed;
-
-		if (packed_refs->lock)
-			die("internal error: packed-ref cache cleared while locked");
-		refs->packed = NULL;
-		release_packed_ref_cache(packed_refs);
-	}
-}
-
-static void clear_loose_ref_cache(struct ref_cache *refs)
-{
-	if (refs->loose) {
-		free_ref_entry(refs->loose);
-		refs->loose = NULL;
-	}
-}
-
-static struct ref_cache *create_ref_cache(const char *submodule)
-{
-	int len;
-	struct ref_cache *refs;
-	if (!submodule)
-		submodule = "";
-	len = strlen(submodule) + 1;
-	refs = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_cache) + len);
-	memcpy(refs->name, submodule, len);
-	return refs;
-}
-
-/*
- * Return a pointer to a ref_cache for the specified submodule. For
- * the main repository, use submodule==NULL. The returned structure
- * will be allocated and initialized but not necessarily populated; it
- * should not be freed.
- */
-static struct ref_cache *get_ref_cache(const char *submodule)
-{
-	struct ref_cache *refs;
-
-	if (!submodule || !*submodule)
-		return &ref_cache;
-
-	for (refs = submodule_ref_caches; refs; refs = refs->next)
-		if (!strcmp(submodule, refs->name))
-			return refs;
-
-	refs = create_ref_cache(submodule);
-	refs->next = submodule_ref_caches;
-	submodule_ref_caches = refs;
-	return refs;
-}
-
-/* The length of a peeled reference line in packed-refs, including EOL: */
-#define PEELED_LINE_LENGTH 42
-
-/*
- * The packed-refs header line that we write out.  Perhaps other
- * traits will be added later.  The trailing space is required.
- */
-static const char PACKED_REFS_HEADER[] =
-	"# pack-refs with: peeled fully-peeled \n";
-
-/*
- * Parse one line from a packed-refs file.  Write the SHA1 to sha1.
- * Return a pointer to the refname within the line (null-terminated),
- * or NULL if there was a problem.
- */
-static const char *parse_ref_line(struct strbuf *line, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	const char *ref;
-
-	/*
-	 * 42: the answer to everything.
-	 *
-	 * In this case, it happens to be the answer to
-	 *  40 (length of sha1 hex representation)
-	 *  +1 (space in between hex and name)
-	 *  +1 (newline at the end of the line)
-	 */
-	if (line->len <= 42)
-		return NULL;
-
-	if (get_sha1_hex(line->buf, sha1) < 0)
-		return NULL;
-	if (!isspace(line->buf[40]))
-		return NULL;
-
-	ref = line->buf + 41;
-	if (isspace(*ref))
-		return NULL;
-
-	if (line->buf[line->len - 1] != '\n')
-		return NULL;
-	line->buf[--line->len] = 0;
-
-	return ref;
-}
-
-/*
- * Read f, which is a packed-refs file, into dir.
- *
- * A comment line of the form "# pack-refs with: " may contain zero or
- * more traits. We interpret the traits as follows:
- *
- *   No traits:
- *
- *      Probably no references are peeled. But if the file contains a
- *      peeled value for a reference, we will use it.
- *
- *   peeled:
- *
- *      References under "refs/tags/", if they *can* be peeled, *are*
- *      peeled in this file. References outside of "refs/tags/" are
- *      probably not peeled even if they could have been, but if we find
- *      a peeled value for such a reference we will use it.
- *
- *   fully-peeled:
- *
- *      All references in the file that can be peeled are peeled.
- *      Inversely (and this is more important), any references in the
- *      file for which no peeled value is recorded is not peelable. This
- *      trait should typically be written alongside "peeled" for
- *      compatibility with older clients, but we do not require it
- *      (i.e., "peeled" is a no-op if "fully-peeled" is set).
- */
-static void read_packed_refs(FILE *f, struct ref_dir *dir)
-{
-	struct ref_entry *last = NULL;
-	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
-	enum { PEELED_NONE, PEELED_TAGS, PEELED_FULLY } peeled = PEELED_NONE;
-
-	while (strbuf_getwholeline(&line, f, '\n') != EOF) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		const char *refname;
-		const char *traits;
-
-		if (skip_prefix(line.buf, "# pack-refs with:", &traits)) {
-			if (strstr(traits, " fully-peeled "))
-				peeled = PEELED_FULLY;
-			else if (strstr(traits, " peeled "))
-				peeled = PEELED_TAGS;
-			/* perhaps other traits later as well */
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		refname = parse_ref_line(&line, sha1);
-		if (refname) {
-			int flag = REF_ISPACKED;
-
-			if (check_refname_format(refname, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL)) {
-				hashclr(sha1);
-				flag |= REF_BAD_NAME | REF_ISBROKEN;
-			}
-			last = create_ref_entry(refname, sha1, flag, 0);
-			if (peeled == PEELED_FULLY ||
-			    (peeled == PEELED_TAGS && starts_with(refname, "refs/tags/")))
-				last->flag |= REF_KNOWS_PEELED;
-			add_ref(dir, last);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (last &&
-		    line.buf[0] == '^' &&
-		    line.len == PEELED_LINE_LENGTH &&
-		    line.buf[PEELED_LINE_LENGTH - 1] == '\n' &&
-		    !get_sha1_hex(line.buf + 1, sha1)) {
-			hashcpy(last->u.value.peeled, sha1);
-			/*
-			 * Regardless of what the file header said,
-			 * we definitely know the value of *this*
-			 * reference:
-			 */
-			last->flag |= REF_KNOWS_PEELED;
-		}
-	}
-
-	strbuf_release(&line);
-}
-
-/*
- * Get the packed_ref_cache for the specified ref_cache, creating it
- * if necessary.
- */
-static struct packed_ref_cache *get_packed_ref_cache(struct ref_cache *refs)
-{
-	const char *packed_refs_file;
-
-	if (*refs->name)
-		packed_refs_file = git_path_submodule(refs->name, "packed-refs");
-	else
-		packed_refs_file = git_path("packed-refs");
-
-	if (refs->packed &&
-	    !stat_validity_check(&refs->packed->validity, packed_refs_file))
-		clear_packed_ref_cache(refs);
-
-	if (!refs->packed) {
-		FILE *f;
-
-		refs->packed = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*refs->packed));
-		acquire_packed_ref_cache(refs->packed);
-		refs->packed->root = create_dir_entry(refs, "", 0, 0);
-		f = fopen(packed_refs_file, "r");
-		if (f) {
-			stat_validity_update(&refs->packed->validity, fileno(f));
-			read_packed_refs(f, get_ref_dir(refs->packed->root));
-			fclose(f);
-		}
-	}
-	return refs->packed;
-}
-
-static struct ref_dir *get_packed_ref_dir(struct packed_ref_cache *packed_ref_cache)
-{
-	return get_ref_dir(packed_ref_cache->root);
-}
-
-static struct ref_dir *get_packed_refs(struct ref_cache *refs)
-{
-	return get_packed_ref_dir(get_packed_ref_cache(refs));
-}
-
-void add_packed_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct packed_ref_cache *packed_ref_cache =
-		get_packed_ref_cache(&ref_cache);
-
-	if (!packed_ref_cache->lock)
-		die("internal error: packed refs not locked");
-	add_ref(get_packed_ref_dir(packed_ref_cache),
-		create_ref_entry(refname, sha1, REF_ISPACKED, 1));
-}
-
-/*
- * Read the loose references from the namespace dirname into dir
- * (without recursing).  dirname must end with '/'.  dir must be the
- * directory entry corresponding to dirname.
- */
-static void read_loose_refs(const char *dirname, struct ref_dir *dir)
-{
-	struct ref_cache *refs = dir->ref_cache;
-	DIR *d;
-	const char *path;
-	struct dirent *de;
-	int dirnamelen = strlen(dirname);
-	struct strbuf refname;
-
-	if (*refs->name)
-		path = git_path_submodule(refs->name, "%s", dirname);
-	else
-		path = git_path("%s", dirname);
-
-	d = opendir(path);
-	if (!d)
-		return;
-
-	strbuf_init(&refname, dirnamelen + 257);
-	strbuf_add(&refname, dirname, dirnamelen);
-
-	while ((de = readdir(d)) != NULL) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		struct stat st;
-		int flag;
-		const char *refdir;
-
-		if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
-			continue;
-		if (ends_with(de->d_name, ".lock"))
-			continue;
-		strbuf_addstr(&refname, de->d_name);
-		refdir = *refs->name
-			? git_path_submodule(refs->name, "%s", refname.buf)
-			: git_path("%s", refname.buf);
-		if (stat(refdir, &st) < 0) {
-			; /* silently ignore */
-		} else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
-			strbuf_addch(&refname, '/');
-			add_entry_to_dir(dir,
-					 create_dir_entry(refs, refname.buf,
-							  refname.len, 1));
-		} else {
-			if (*refs->name) {
-				hashclr(sha1);
-				flag = 0;
-				if (resolve_gitlink_ref(refs->name, refname.buf, sha1) < 0) {
-					hashclr(sha1);
-					flag |= REF_ISBROKEN;
-				}
-			} else if (read_ref_full(refname.buf,
-						 RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-						 sha1, &flag)) {
-				hashclr(sha1);
-				flag |= REF_ISBROKEN;
-			}
-			if (check_refname_format(refname.buf,
-						 REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL)) {
-				hashclr(sha1);
-				flag |= REF_BAD_NAME | REF_ISBROKEN;
-			}
-			add_entry_to_dir(dir,
-					 create_ref_entry(refname.buf, sha1, flag, 0));
-		}
-		strbuf_setlen(&refname, dirnamelen);
-	}
-	strbuf_release(&refname);
-	closedir(d);
+	return -1;
 }
 
-static struct ref_dir *get_loose_refs(struct ref_cache *refs)
+int read_ref_full(const char *refname, int resolve_flags, struct object_id *oid, int *flags)
 {
-	if (!refs->loose) {
-		/*
-		 * Mark the top-level directory complete because we
-		 * are about to read the only subdirectory that can
-		 * hold references:
-		 */
-		refs->loose = create_dir_entry(refs, "", 0, 0);
-		/*
-		 * Create an incomplete entry for "refs/":
-		 */
-		add_entry_to_dir(get_ref_dir(refs->loose),
-				 create_dir_entry(refs, "refs/", 5, 1));
-	}
-	return get_ref_dir(refs->loose);
+	return refs_read_ref_full(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), refname,
+				  resolve_flags, oid, flags);
 }
 
-/* We allow "recursive" symbolic refs. Only within reason, though */
-#define MAXDEPTH 5
-#define MAXREFLEN (1024)
-
-/*
- * Called by resolve_gitlink_ref_recursive() after it failed to read
- * from the loose refs in ref_cache refs. Find <refname> in the
- * packed-refs file for the submodule.
- */
-static int resolve_gitlink_packed_ref(struct ref_cache *refs,
-				      const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1)
+int read_ref(const char *refname, struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	struct ref_entry *ref;
-	struct ref_dir *dir = get_packed_refs(refs);
-
-	ref = find_ref(dir, refname);
-	if (ref == NULL)
-		return -1;
-
-	hashcpy(sha1, ref->u.value.sha1);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int resolve_gitlink_ref_recursive(struct ref_cache *refs,
-					 const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1,
-					 int recursion)
-{
-	int fd, len;
-	char buffer[128], *p;
-	char *path;
-
-	if (recursion > MAXDEPTH || strlen(refname) > MAXREFLEN)
-		return -1;
-	path = *refs->name
-		? git_path_submodule(refs->name, "%s", refname)
-		: git_path("%s", refname);
-	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		return resolve_gitlink_packed_ref(refs, refname, sha1);
-
-	len = read(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer)-1);
-	close(fd);
-	if (len < 0)
-		return -1;
-	while (len && isspace(buffer[len-1]))
-		len--;
-	buffer[len] = 0;
-
-	/* Was it a detached head or an old-fashioned symlink? */
-	if (!get_sha1_hex(buffer, sha1))
-		return 0;
-
-	/* Symref? */
-	if (strncmp(buffer, "ref:", 4))
-		return -1;
-	p = buffer + 4;
-	while (isspace(*p))
-		p++;
-
-	return resolve_gitlink_ref_recursive(refs, p, sha1, recursion+1);
+	return read_ref_full(refname, RESOLVE_REF_READING, oid, NULL);
 }
 
-int resolve_gitlink_ref(const char *path, const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	int len = strlen(path), retval;
-	char *submodule;
-	struct ref_cache *refs;
-
-	while (len && path[len-1] == '/')
-		len--;
-	if (!len)
-		return -1;
-	submodule = xstrndup(path, len);
-	refs = get_ref_cache(submodule);
-	free(submodule);
-
-	retval = resolve_gitlink_ref_recursive(refs, refname, sha1, 0);
-	return retval;
-}
-
-/*
- * Return the ref_entry for the given refname from the packed
- * references.  If it does not exist, return NULL.
- */
-static struct ref_entry *get_packed_ref(const char *refname)
+int ref_exists(const char *refname)
 {
-	return find_ref(get_packed_refs(&ref_cache), refname);
+	return !!resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, RESOLVE_REF_READING, NULL, NULL);
 }
 
-/*
- * A loose ref file doesn't exist; check for a packed ref.  The
- * options are forwarded from resolve_safe_unsafe().
- */
-static int resolve_missing_loose_ref(const char *refname,
-				     int resolve_flags,
-				     unsigned char *sha1,
-				     int *flags)
+static int match_ref_pattern(const char *refname,
+			     const struct string_list_item *item)
 {
-	struct ref_entry *entry;
-
-	/*
-	 * The loose reference file does not exist; check for a packed
-	 * reference.
-	 */
-	entry = get_packed_ref(refname);
-	if (entry) {
-		hashcpy(sha1, entry->u.value.sha1);
-		if (flags)
-			*flags |= REF_ISPACKED;
-		return 0;
-	}
-	/* The reference is not a packed reference, either. */
-	if (resolve_flags & RESOLVE_REF_READING) {
-		errno = ENOENT;
-		return -1;
+	int matched = 0;
+	if (item->util == NULL) {
+		if (!wildmatch(item->string, refname, 0))
+			matched = 1;
 	} else {
-		hashclr(sha1);
-		return 0;
+		const char *rest;
+		if (skip_prefix(refname, item->string, &rest) &&
+		    (!*rest || *rest == '/'))
+			matched = 1;
 	}
+	return matched;
 }
 
-/* This function needs to return a meaningful errno on failure */
-const char *resolve_ref_unsafe(const char *refname, int resolve_flags, unsigned char *sha1, int *flags)
+int ref_filter_match(const char *refname,
+		     const struct string_list *include_patterns,
+		     const struct string_list *exclude_patterns)
 {
-	int depth = MAXDEPTH;
-	ssize_t len;
-	char buffer[256];
-	static char refname_buffer[256];
-	int bad_name = 0;
-
-	if (flags)
-		*flags = 0;
-
-	if (check_refname_format(refname, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL)) {
-		if (flags)
-			*flags |= REF_BAD_NAME;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
 
-		if (!(resolve_flags & RESOLVE_REF_ALLOW_BAD_NAME) ||
-		    !refname_is_safe(refname)) {
-			errno = EINVAL;
-			return NULL;
+	if (exclude_patterns && exclude_patterns->nr) {
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, exclude_patterns) {
+			if (match_ref_pattern(refname, item))
+				return 0;
 		}
-		/*
-		 * dwim_ref() uses REF_ISBROKEN to distinguish between
-		 * missing refs and refs that were present but invalid,
-		 * to complain about the latter to stderr.
-		 *
-		 * We don't know whether the ref exists, so don't set
-		 * REF_ISBROKEN yet.
-		 */
-		bad_name = 1;
 	}
-	for (;;) {
-		char path[PATH_MAX];
-		struct stat st;
-		char *buf;
-		int fd;
-
-		if (--depth < 0) {
-			errno = ELOOP;
-			return NULL;
-		}
-
-		git_snpath(path, sizeof(path), "%s", refname);
 
-		/*
-		 * We might have to loop back here to avoid a race
-		 * condition: first we lstat() the file, then we try
-		 * to read it as a link or as a file.  But if somebody
-		 * changes the type of the file (file <-> directory
-		 * <-> symlink) between the lstat() and reading, then
-		 * we don't want to report that as an error but rather
-		 * try again starting with the lstat().
-		 */
-	stat_ref:
-		if (lstat(path, &st) < 0) {
-			if (errno != ENOENT)
-				return NULL;
-			if (resolve_missing_loose_ref(refname, resolve_flags,
-						      sha1, flags))
-				return NULL;
-			if (bad_name) {
-				hashclr(sha1);
-				if (flags)
-					*flags |= REF_ISBROKEN;
-			}
-			return refname;
-		}
-
-		/* Follow "normalized" - ie "refs/.." symlinks by hand */
-		if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
-			len = readlink(path, buffer, sizeof(buffer)-1);
-			if (len < 0) {
-				if (errno == ENOENT || errno == EINVAL)
-					/* inconsistent with lstat; retry */
-					goto stat_ref;
-				else
-					return NULL;
-			}
-			buffer[len] = 0;
-			if (starts_with(buffer, "refs/") &&
-					!check_refname_format(buffer, 0)) {
-				strcpy(refname_buffer, buffer);
-				refname = refname_buffer;
-				if (flags)
-					*flags |= REF_ISSYMREF;
-				if (resolve_flags & RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE) {
-					hashclr(sha1);
-					return refname;
-				}
-				continue;
-			}
-		}
-
-		/* Is it a directory? */
-		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
-			errno = EISDIR;
-			return NULL;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Anything else, just open it and try to use it as
-		 * a ref
-		 */
-		fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
-		if (fd < 0) {
-			if (errno == ENOENT)
-				/* inconsistent with lstat; retry */
-				goto stat_ref;
-			else
-				return NULL;
-		}
-		len = read_in_full(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer)-1);
-		if (len < 0) {
-			int save_errno = errno;
-			close(fd);
-			errno = save_errno;
-			return NULL;
-		}
-		close(fd);
-		while (len && isspace(buffer[len-1]))
-			len--;
-		buffer[len] = '\0';
-
-		/*
-		 * Is it a symbolic ref?
-		 */
-		if (!starts_with(buffer, "ref:")) {
-			/*
-			 * Please note that FETCH_HEAD has a second
-			 * line containing other data.
-			 */
-			if (get_sha1_hex(buffer, sha1) ||
-			    (buffer[40] != '\0' && !isspace(buffer[40]))) {
-				if (flags)
-					*flags |= REF_ISBROKEN;
-				errno = EINVAL;
-				return NULL;
-			}
-			if (bad_name) {
-				hashclr(sha1);
-				if (flags)
-					*flags |= REF_ISBROKEN;
+	if (include_patterns && include_patterns->nr) {
+		int found = 0;
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, include_patterns) {
+			if (match_ref_pattern(refname, item)) {
+				found = 1;
+				break;
 			}
-			return refname;
 		}
-		if (flags)
-			*flags |= REF_ISSYMREF;
-		buf = buffer + 4;
-		while (isspace(*buf))
-			buf++;
-		refname = strcpy(refname_buffer, buf);
-		if (resolve_flags & RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE) {
-			hashclr(sha1);
-			return refname;
-		}
-		if (check_refname_format(buf, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL)) {
-			if (flags)
-				*flags |= REF_ISBROKEN;
 
-			if (!(resolve_flags & RESOLVE_REF_ALLOW_BAD_NAME) ||
-			    !refname_is_safe(buf)) {
-				errno = EINVAL;
-				return NULL;
-			}
-			bad_name = 1;
-		}
+		if (!found)
+			return 0;
 	}
+	return 1;
 }
 
-char *resolve_refdup(const char *ref, int resolve_flags, unsigned char *sha1, int *flags)
-{
-	return xstrdup_or_null(resolve_ref_unsafe(ref, resolve_flags, sha1, flags));
-}
-
-/* The argument to filter_refs */
-struct ref_filter {
-	const char *pattern;
-	each_ref_fn *fn;
-	void *cb_data;
-};
-
-int read_ref_full(const char *refname, int resolve_flags, unsigned char *sha1, int *flags)
-{
-	if (resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, resolve_flags, sha1, flags))
-		return 0;
-	return -1;
-}
-
-int read_ref(const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	return read_ref_full(refname, RESOLVE_REF_READING, sha1, NULL);
-}
-
-int ref_exists(const char *refname)
-{
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	return !!resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, RESOLVE_REF_READING, sha1, NULL);
-}
-
-static int filter_refs(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags,
-		       void *data)
+static int filter_refs(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+			   int flags, void *data)
 {
 	struct ref_filter *filter = (struct ref_filter *)data;
-	if (wildmatch(filter->pattern, refname, 0, NULL))
+
+	if (wildmatch(filter->pattern, refname, 0))
 		return 0;
-	return filter->fn(refname, sha1, flags, filter->cb_data);
+	return filter->fn(refname, oid, flags, filter->cb_data);
 }
 
-enum peel_status {
-	/* object was peeled successfully: */
-	PEEL_PEELED = 0,
-
-	/*
-	 * object cannot be peeled because the named object (or an
-	 * object referred to by a tag in the peel chain), does not
-	 * exist.
-	 */
-	PEEL_INVALID = -1,
-
-	/* object cannot be peeled because it is not a tag: */
-	PEEL_NON_TAG = -2,
-
-	/* ref_entry contains no peeled value because it is a symref: */
-	PEEL_IS_SYMREF = -3,
-
-	/*
-	 * ref_entry cannot be peeled because it is broken (i.e., the
-	 * symbolic reference cannot even be resolved to an object
-	 * name):
-	 */
-	PEEL_BROKEN = -4
-};
-
-/*
- * Peel the named object; i.e., if the object is a tag, resolve the
- * tag recursively until a non-tag is found.  If successful, store the
- * result to sha1 and return PEEL_PEELED.  If the object is not a tag
- * or is not valid, return PEEL_NON_TAG or PEEL_INVALID, respectively,
- * and leave sha1 unchanged.
- */
-static enum peel_status peel_object(const unsigned char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
+enum peel_status peel_object(const struct object_id *name, struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	struct object *o = lookup_unknown_object(name);
+	struct object *o = lookup_unknown_object(name->hash);
 
 	if (o->type == OBJ_NONE) {
-		int type = sha1_object_info(name, NULL);
-		if (type < 0 || !object_as_type(o, type, 0))
+		int type = oid_object_info(the_repository, name, NULL);
+		if (type < 0 || !object_as_type(the_repository, o, type, 0))
 			return PEEL_INVALID;
 	}
 
@@ -1731,82 +316,10 @@ static enum peel_status peel_object(const unsigned char *name, unsigned char *sh
 	if (!o)
 		return PEEL_INVALID;
 
-	hashcpy(sha1, o->sha1);
+	oidcpy(oid, &o->oid);
 	return PEEL_PEELED;
 }
 
-/*
- * Peel the entry (if possible) and return its new peel_status.  If
- * repeel is true, re-peel the entry even if there is an old peeled
- * value that is already stored in it.
- *
- * It is OK to call this function with a packed reference entry that
- * might be stale and might even refer to an object that has since
- * been garbage-collected.  In such a case, if the entry has
- * REF_KNOWS_PEELED then leave the status unchanged and return
- * PEEL_PEELED or PEEL_NON_TAG; otherwise, return PEEL_INVALID.
- */
-static enum peel_status peel_entry(struct ref_entry *entry, int repeel)
-{
-	enum peel_status status;
-
-	if (entry->flag & REF_KNOWS_PEELED) {
-		if (repeel) {
-			entry->flag &= ~REF_KNOWS_PEELED;
-			hashclr(entry->u.value.peeled);
-		} else {
-			return is_null_sha1(entry->u.value.peeled) ?
-				PEEL_NON_TAG : PEEL_PEELED;
-		}
-	}
-	if (entry->flag & REF_ISBROKEN)
-		return PEEL_BROKEN;
-	if (entry->flag & REF_ISSYMREF)
-		return PEEL_IS_SYMREF;
-
-	status = peel_object(entry->u.value.sha1, entry->u.value.peeled);
-	if (status == PEEL_PEELED || status == PEEL_NON_TAG)
-		entry->flag |= REF_KNOWS_PEELED;
-	return status;
-}
-
-int peel_ref(const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	int flag;
-	unsigned char base[20];
-
-	if (current_ref && (current_ref->name == refname
-			    || !strcmp(current_ref->name, refname))) {
-		if (peel_entry(current_ref, 0))
-			return -1;
-		hashcpy(sha1, current_ref->u.value.peeled);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (read_ref_full(refname, RESOLVE_REF_READING, base, &flag))
-		return -1;
-
-	/*
-	 * If the reference is packed, read its ref_entry from the
-	 * cache in the hope that we already know its peeled value.
-	 * We only try this optimization on packed references because
-	 * (a) forcing the filling of the loose reference cache could
-	 * be expensive and (b) loose references anyway usually do not
-	 * have REF_KNOWS_PEELED.
-	 */
-	if (flag & REF_ISPACKED) {
-		struct ref_entry *r = get_packed_ref(refname);
-		if (r) {
-			if (peel_entry(r, 0))
-				return -1;
-			hashcpy(sha1, r->u.value.peeled);
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return peel_object(base, sha1);
-}
-
 struct warn_if_dangling_data {
 	FILE *fp;
 	const char *refname;
@@ -1814,17 +327,16 @@ struct warn_if_dangling_data {
 	const char *msg_fmt;
 };
 
-static int warn_if_dangling_symref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int warn_if_dangling_symref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
 				   int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct warn_if_dangling_data *d = cb_data;
 	const char *resolves_to;
-	unsigned char junk[20];
 
 	if (!(flags & REF_ISSYMREF))
 		return 0;
 
-	resolves_to = resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, 0, junk, NULL);
+	resolves_to = resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, 0, NULL, NULL);
 	if (!resolves_to
 	    || (d->refname
 		? strcmp(resolves_to, d->refname)
@@ -1859,191 +371,70 @@ void warn_dangling_symrefs(FILE *fp, const char *msg_fmt, const struct string_li
 	for_each_rawref(warn_if_dangling_symref, &data);
 }
 
-/*
- * Call fn for each reference in the specified ref_cache, omitting
- * references not in the containing_dir of base.  fn is called for all
- * references, including broken ones.  If fn ever returns a non-zero
- * value, stop the iteration and return that value; otherwise, return
- * 0.
- */
-static int do_for_each_entry(struct ref_cache *refs, const char *base,
-			     each_ref_entry_fn fn, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct packed_ref_cache *packed_ref_cache;
-	struct ref_dir *loose_dir;
-	struct ref_dir *packed_dir;
-	int retval = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * We must make sure that all loose refs are read before accessing the
-	 * packed-refs file; this avoids a race condition in which loose refs
-	 * are migrated to the packed-refs file by a simultaneous process, but
-	 * our in-memory view is from before the migration. get_packed_ref_cache()
-	 * takes care of making sure our view is up to date with what is on
-	 * disk.
-	 */
-	loose_dir = get_loose_refs(refs);
-	if (base && *base) {
-		loose_dir = find_containing_dir(loose_dir, base, 0);
-	}
-	if (loose_dir)
-		prime_ref_dir(loose_dir);
-
-	packed_ref_cache = get_packed_ref_cache(refs);
-	acquire_packed_ref_cache(packed_ref_cache);
-	packed_dir = get_packed_ref_dir(packed_ref_cache);
-	if (base && *base) {
-		packed_dir = find_containing_dir(packed_dir, base, 0);
-	}
-
-	if (packed_dir && loose_dir) {
-		sort_ref_dir(packed_dir);
-		sort_ref_dir(loose_dir);
-		retval = do_for_each_entry_in_dirs(
-				packed_dir, loose_dir, fn, cb_data);
-	} else if (packed_dir) {
-		sort_ref_dir(packed_dir);
-		retval = do_for_each_entry_in_dir(
-				packed_dir, 0, fn, cb_data);
-	} else if (loose_dir) {
-		sort_ref_dir(loose_dir);
-		retval = do_for_each_entry_in_dir(
-				loose_dir, 0, fn, cb_data);
-	}
-
-	release_packed_ref_cache(packed_ref_cache);
-	return retval;
-}
-
-/*
- * Call fn for each reference in the specified ref_cache for which the
- * refname begins with base.  If trim is non-zero, then trim that many
- * characters off the beginning of each refname before passing the
- * refname to fn.  flags can be DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN to include
- * broken references in the iteration.  If fn ever returns a non-zero
- * value, stop the iteration and return that value; otherwise, return
- * 0.
- */
-static int do_for_each_ref(struct ref_cache *refs, const char *base,
-			   each_ref_fn fn, int trim, int flags, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct ref_entry_cb data;
-	data.base = base;
-	data.trim = trim;
-	data.flags = flags;
-	data.fn = fn;
-	data.cb_data = cb_data;
-
-	return do_for_each_entry(refs, base, do_one_ref, &data);
-}
-
-static int do_head_ref(const char *submodule, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
-{
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int flag;
-
-	if (submodule) {
-		if (resolve_gitlink_ref(submodule, "HEAD", sha1) == 0)
-			return fn("HEAD", sha1, 0, cb_data);
-
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (!read_ref_full("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING, sha1, &flag))
-		return fn("HEAD", sha1, flag, cb_data);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int head_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
-{
-	return do_head_ref(NULL, fn, cb_data);
-}
-
-int head_ref_submodule(const char *submodule, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+int refs_for_each_tag_ref(struct ref_store *refs, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return do_head_ref(submodule, fn, cb_data);
-}
-
-int for_each_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
-{
-	return do_for_each_ref(&ref_cache, "", fn, 0, 0, cb_data);
-}
-
-int for_each_ref_submodule(const char *submodule, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
-{
-	return do_for_each_ref(get_ref_cache(submodule), "", fn, 0, 0, cb_data);
-}
-
-int for_each_ref_in(const char *prefix, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
-{
-	return do_for_each_ref(&ref_cache, prefix, fn, strlen(prefix), 0, cb_data);
-}
-
-int for_each_ref_in_submodule(const char *submodule, const char *prefix,
-		each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
-{
-	return do_for_each_ref(get_ref_cache(submodule), prefix, fn, strlen(prefix), 0, cb_data);
+	return refs_for_each_ref_in(refs, "refs/tags/", fn, cb_data);
 }
 
 int for_each_tag_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return for_each_ref_in("refs/tags/", fn, cb_data);
+	return refs_for_each_tag_ref(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), fn, cb_data);
 }
 
-int for_each_tag_ref_submodule(const char *submodule, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+int refs_for_each_branch_ref(struct ref_store *refs, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return for_each_ref_in_submodule(submodule, "refs/tags/", fn, cb_data);
+	return refs_for_each_ref_in(refs, "refs/heads/", fn, cb_data);
 }
 
 int for_each_branch_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return for_each_ref_in("refs/heads/", fn, cb_data);
+	return refs_for_each_branch_ref(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), fn, cb_data);
 }
 
-int for_each_branch_ref_submodule(const char *submodule, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+int refs_for_each_remote_ref(struct ref_store *refs, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return for_each_ref_in_submodule(submodule, "refs/heads/", fn, cb_data);
+	return refs_for_each_ref_in(refs, "refs/remotes/", fn, cb_data);
 }
 
 int for_each_remote_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return for_each_ref_in("refs/remotes/", fn, cb_data);
-}
-
-int for_each_remote_ref_submodule(const char *submodule, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
-{
-	return for_each_ref_in_submodule(submodule, "refs/remotes/", fn, cb_data);
-}
-
-int for_each_replace_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
-{
-	return do_for_each_ref(&ref_cache, "refs/replace/", fn, 13, 0, cb_data);
+	return refs_for_each_remote_ref(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), fn, cb_data);
 }
 
 int head_ref_namespaced(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int ret = 0;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	int flag;
 
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%sHEAD", get_git_namespace());
-	if (!read_ref_full(buf.buf, RESOLVE_REF_READING, sha1, &flag))
-		ret = fn(buf.buf, sha1, flag, cb_data);
+	if (!read_ref_full(buf.buf, RESOLVE_REF_READING, &oid, &flag))
+		ret = fn(buf.buf, &oid, flag, cb_data);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 
 	return ret;
 }
 
-int for_each_namespaced_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+void normalize_glob_ref(struct string_list_item *item, const char *prefix,
+			const char *pattern)
 {
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int ret;
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%srefs/", get_git_namespace());
-	ret = do_for_each_ref(&ref_cache, buf.buf, fn, 0, 0, cb_data);
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	return ret;
+	struct strbuf normalized_pattern = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (*pattern == '/')
+		BUG("pattern must not start with '/'");
+
+	if (prefix) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&normalized_pattern, prefix);
+	}
+	else if (!starts_with(pattern, "refs/"))
+		strbuf_addstr(&normalized_pattern, "refs/");
+	strbuf_addstr(&normalized_pattern, pattern);
+	strbuf_strip_suffix(&normalized_pattern, "/");
+
+	item->string = strbuf_detach(&normalized_pattern, NULL);
+	item->util = has_glob_specials(pattern) ? NULL : item->string;
+	strbuf_release(&normalized_pattern);
 }
 
 int for_each_glob_ref_in(each_ref_fn fn, const char *pattern,
@@ -2061,8 +452,7 @@ int for_each_glob_ref_in(each_ref_fn fn, const char *pattern,
 
 	if (!has_glob_specials(pattern)) {
 		/* Append implied '/' '*' if not present. */
-		if (real_pattern.buf[real_pattern.len - 1] != '/')
-			strbuf_addch(&real_pattern, '/');
+		strbuf_complete(&real_pattern, '/');
 		/* No need to check for '*', there is none. */
 		strbuf_addch(&real_pattern, '*');
 	}
@@ -2081,19 +471,13 @@ int for_each_glob_ref(each_ref_fn fn, const char *pattern, void *cb_data)
 	return for_each_glob_ref_in(fn, pattern, NULL, cb_data);
 }
 
-int for_each_rawref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
-{
-	return do_for_each_ref(&ref_cache, "", fn, 0,
-			       DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN, cb_data);
-}
-
 const char *prettify_refname(const char *name)
 {
-	return name + (
-		starts_with(name, "refs/heads/") ? 11 :
-		starts_with(name, "refs/tags/") ? 10 :
-		starts_with(name, "refs/remotes/") ? 13 :
-		0);
+	if (skip_prefix(name, "refs/heads/", &name) ||
+	    skip_prefix(name, "refs/tags/", &name) ||
+	    skip_prefix(name, "refs/remotes/", &name))
+		; /* nothing */
+	return name;
 }
 
 static const char *ref_rev_parse_rules[] = {
@@ -2106,72 +490,39 @@ static const char *ref_rev_parse_rules[] = {
 	NULL
 };
 
+#define NUM_REV_PARSE_RULES (ARRAY_SIZE(ref_rev_parse_rules) - 1)
+
+/*
+ * Is it possible that the caller meant full_name with abbrev_name?
+ * If so return a non-zero value to signal "yes"; the magnitude of
+ * the returned value gives the precedence used for disambiguation.
+ *
+ * If abbrev_name cannot mean full_name, return 0.
+ */
 int refname_match(const char *abbrev_name, const char *full_name)
 {
 	const char **p;
 	const int abbrev_name_len = strlen(abbrev_name);
+	const int num_rules = NUM_REV_PARSE_RULES;
 
-	for (p = ref_rev_parse_rules; *p; p++) {
-		if (!strcmp(full_name, mkpath(*p, abbrev_name_len, abbrev_name))) {
-			return 1;
-		}
-	}
+	for (p = ref_rev_parse_rules; *p; p++)
+		if (!strcmp(full_name, mkpath(*p, abbrev_name_len, abbrev_name)))
+			return &ref_rev_parse_rules[num_rules] - p;
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void unlock_ref(struct ref_lock *lock)
-{
-	/* Do not free lock->lk -- atexit() still looks at them */
-	if (lock->lk)
-		rollback_lock_file(lock->lk);
-	free(lock->ref_name);
-	free(lock->orig_ref_name);
-	free(lock);
-}
-
-/* This function should make sure errno is meaningful on error */
-static struct ref_lock *verify_lock(struct ref_lock *lock,
-	const unsigned char *old_sha1, int mustexist)
-{
-	if (read_ref_full(lock->ref_name,
-			  mustexist ? RESOLVE_REF_READING : 0,
-			  lock->old_sha1, NULL)) {
-		int save_errno = errno;
-		error("Can't verify ref %s", lock->ref_name);
-		unlock_ref(lock);
-		errno = save_errno;
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	if (hashcmp(lock->old_sha1, old_sha1)) {
-		error("Ref %s is at %s but expected %s", lock->ref_name,
-			sha1_to_hex(lock->old_sha1), sha1_to_hex(old_sha1));
-		unlock_ref(lock);
-		errno = EBUSY;
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	return lock;
-}
-
-static int remove_empty_directories(const char *file)
+/*
+ * Given a 'prefix' expand it by the rules in 'ref_rev_parse_rules' and add
+ * the results to 'prefixes'
+ */
+void expand_ref_prefix(struct argv_array *prefixes, const char *prefix)
 {
-	/* we want to create a file but there is a directory there;
-	 * if that is an empty directory (or a directory that contains
-	 * only empty directories), remove them.
-	 */
-	struct strbuf path;
-	int result, save_errno;
-
-	strbuf_init(&path, 20);
-	strbuf_addstr(&path, file);
-
-	result = remove_dir_recursively(&path, REMOVE_DIR_EMPTY_ONLY);
-	save_errno = errno;
-
-	strbuf_release(&path);
-	errno = save_errno;
+	const char **p;
+	int len = strlen(prefix);
 
-	return result;
+	for (p = ref_rev_parse_rules; *p; p++)
+		argv_array_pushf(prefixes, *p, len, prefix);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2182,7 +533,7 @@ static int remove_empty_directories(const char *file)
 static char *substitute_branch_name(const char **string, int *len)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int ret = interpret_branch_name(*string, *len, &buf);
+	int ret = interpret_branch_name(*string, *len, &buf, 0);
 
 	if (ret == *len) {
 		size_t size;
@@ -2194,568 +545,238 @@ static char *substitute_branch_name(const char **string, int *len)
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-int dwim_ref(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **ref)
+int dwim_ref(const char *str, int len, struct object_id *oid, char **ref)
 {
 	char *last_branch = substitute_branch_name(&str, &len);
+	int   refs_found  = expand_ref(str, len, oid, ref);
+	free(last_branch);
+	return refs_found;
+}
+
+int expand_ref(const char *str, int len, struct object_id *oid, char **ref)
+{
 	const char **p, *r;
 	int refs_found = 0;
+	struct strbuf fullref = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	*ref = NULL;
 	for (p = ref_rev_parse_rules; *p; p++) {
-		char fullref[PATH_MAX];
-		unsigned char sha1_from_ref[20];
-		unsigned char *this_result;
+		struct object_id oid_from_ref;
+		struct object_id *this_result;
 		int flag;
 
-		this_result = refs_found ? sha1_from_ref : sha1;
-		mksnpath(fullref, sizeof(fullref), *p, len, str);
-		r = resolve_ref_unsafe(fullref, RESOLVE_REF_READING,
+		this_result = refs_found ? &oid_from_ref : oid;
+		strbuf_reset(&fullref);
+		strbuf_addf(&fullref, *p, len, str);
+		r = resolve_ref_unsafe(fullref.buf, RESOLVE_REF_READING,
 				       this_result, &flag);
 		if (r) {
 			if (!refs_found++)
 				*ref = xstrdup(r);
 			if (!warn_ambiguous_refs)
 				break;
-		} else if ((flag & REF_ISSYMREF) && strcmp(fullref, "HEAD")) {
-			warning("ignoring dangling symref %s.", fullref);
-		} else if ((flag & REF_ISBROKEN) && strchr(fullref, '/')) {
-			warning("ignoring broken ref %s.", fullref);
+		} else if ((flag & REF_ISSYMREF) && strcmp(fullref.buf, "HEAD")) {
+			warning(_("ignoring dangling symref %s"), fullref.buf);
+		} else if ((flag & REF_ISBROKEN) && strchr(fullref.buf, '/')) {
+			warning(_("ignoring broken ref %s"), fullref.buf);
 		}
 	}
-	free(last_branch);
+	strbuf_release(&fullref);
 	return refs_found;
 }
 
-int dwim_log(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **log)
+int dwim_log(const char *str, int len, struct object_id *oid, char **log)
 {
 	char *last_branch = substitute_branch_name(&str, &len);
 	const char **p;
 	int logs_found = 0;
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	*log = NULL;
 	for (p = ref_rev_parse_rules; *p; p++) {
-		unsigned char hash[20];
-		char path[PATH_MAX];
+		struct object_id hash;
 		const char *ref, *it;
 
-		mksnpath(path, sizeof(path), *p, len, str);
-		ref = resolve_ref_unsafe(path, RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-					 hash, NULL);
+		strbuf_reset(&path);
+		strbuf_addf(&path, *p, len, str);
+		ref = resolve_ref_unsafe(path.buf, RESOLVE_REF_READING,
+					 &hash, NULL);
 		if (!ref)
 			continue;
-		if (reflog_exists(path))
-			it = path;
-		else if (strcmp(ref, path) && reflog_exists(ref))
+		if (reflog_exists(path.buf))
+			it = path.buf;
+		else if (strcmp(ref, path.buf) && reflog_exists(ref))
 			it = ref;
 		else
 			continue;
 		if (!logs_found++) {
 			*log = xstrdup(it);
-			hashcpy(sha1, hash);
+			oidcpy(oid, &hash);
 		}
 		if (!warn_ambiguous_refs)
 			break;
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&path);
 	free(last_branch);
 	return logs_found;
 }
 
-/*
- * Locks a ref returning the lock on success and NULL on failure.
- * On failure errno is set to something meaningful.
- */
-static struct ref_lock *lock_ref_sha1_basic(const char *refname,
-					    const unsigned char *old_sha1,
-					    const struct string_list *skip,
-					    unsigned int flags, int *type_p)
+static int is_per_worktree_ref(const char *refname)
 {
-	char *ref_file;
-	const char *orig_refname = refname;
-	struct ref_lock *lock;
-	int last_errno = 0;
-	int type, lflags;
-	int mustexist = (old_sha1 && !is_null_sha1(old_sha1));
-	int resolve_flags = 0;
-	int attempts_remaining = 3;
-
-	lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_lock));
-	lock->lock_fd = -1;
-
-	if (mustexist)
-		resolve_flags |= RESOLVE_REF_READING;
-	if (flags & REF_DELETING) {
-		resolve_flags |= RESOLVE_REF_ALLOW_BAD_NAME;
-		if (flags & REF_NODEREF)
-			resolve_flags |= RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE;
-	}
-
-	refname = resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, resolve_flags,
-				     lock->old_sha1, &type);
-	if (!refname && errno == EISDIR) {
-		/* we are trying to lock foo but we used to
-		 * have foo/bar which now does not exist;
-		 * it is normal for the empty directory 'foo'
-		 * to remain.
-		 */
-		ref_file = git_path("%s", orig_refname);
-		if (remove_empty_directories(ref_file)) {
-			last_errno = errno;
-			error("there are still refs under '%s'", orig_refname);
-			goto error_return;
-		}
-		refname = resolve_ref_unsafe(orig_refname, resolve_flags,
-					     lock->old_sha1, &type);
-	}
-	if (type_p)
-	    *type_p = type;
-	if (!refname) {
-		last_errno = errno;
-		error("unable to resolve reference %s: %s",
-			orig_refname, strerror(errno));
-		goto error_return;
-	}
-	/*
-	 * If the ref did not exist and we are creating it, make sure
-	 * there is no existing packed ref whose name begins with our
-	 * refname, nor a packed ref whose name is a proper prefix of
-	 * our refname.
-	 */
-	if (is_null_sha1(lock->old_sha1) &&
-	     !is_refname_available(refname, skip, get_packed_refs(&ref_cache))) {
-		last_errno = ENOTDIR;
-		goto error_return;
-	}
-
-	lock->lk = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+	return !strcmp(refname, "HEAD") ||
+		starts_with(refname, "refs/bisect/") ||
+		starts_with(refname, "refs/rewritten/");
+}
 
-	lflags = 0;
-	if (flags & REF_NODEREF) {
-		refname = orig_refname;
-		lflags |= LOCK_NO_DEREF;
-	}
-	lock->ref_name = xstrdup(refname);
-	lock->orig_ref_name = xstrdup(orig_refname);
-	ref_file = git_path("%s", refname);
-
- retry:
-	switch (safe_create_leading_directories(ref_file)) {
-	case SCLD_OK:
-		break; /* success */
-	case SCLD_VANISHED:
-		if (--attempts_remaining > 0)
-			goto retry;
-		/* fall through */
-	default:
-		last_errno = errno;
-		error("unable to create directory for %s", ref_file);
-		goto error_return;
-	}
+static int is_pseudoref_syntax(const char *refname)
+{
+	const char *c;
 
-	lock->lock_fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(lock->lk, ref_file, lflags);
-	if (lock->lock_fd < 0) {
-		last_errno = errno;
-		if (errno == ENOENT && --attempts_remaining > 0)
-			/*
-			 * Maybe somebody just deleted one of the
-			 * directories leading to ref_file.  Try
-			 * again:
-			 */
-			goto retry;
-		else {
-			struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
-			unable_to_lock_message(ref_file, errno, &err);
-			error("%s", err.buf);
-			strbuf_release(&err);
-			goto error_return;
-		}
+	for (c = refname; *c; c++) {
+		if (!isupper(*c) && *c != '-' && *c != '_')
+			return 0;
 	}
-	return old_sha1 ? verify_lock(lock, old_sha1, mustexist) : lock;
-
- error_return:
-	unlock_ref(lock);
-	errno = last_errno;
-	return NULL;
-}
 
-/*
- * Write an entry to the packed-refs file for the specified refname.
- * If peeled is non-NULL, write it as the entry's peeled value.
- */
-static void write_packed_entry(FILE *fh, char *refname, unsigned char *sha1,
-			       unsigned char *peeled)
-{
-	fprintf_or_die(fh, "%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), refname);
-	if (peeled)
-		fprintf_or_die(fh, "^%s\n", sha1_to_hex(peeled));
+	return 1;
 }
 
-/*
- * An each_ref_entry_fn that writes the entry to a packed-refs file.
- */
-static int write_packed_entry_fn(struct ref_entry *entry, void *cb_data)
+enum ref_type ref_type(const char *refname)
 {
-	enum peel_status peel_status = peel_entry(entry, 0);
-
-	if (peel_status != PEEL_PEELED && peel_status != PEEL_NON_TAG)
-		error("internal error: %s is not a valid packed reference!",
-		      entry->name);
-	write_packed_entry(cb_data, entry->name, entry->u.value.sha1,
-			   peel_status == PEEL_PEELED ?
-			   entry->u.value.peeled : NULL);
-	return 0;
+	if (is_per_worktree_ref(refname))
+		return REF_TYPE_PER_WORKTREE;
+	if (is_pseudoref_syntax(refname))
+		return REF_TYPE_PSEUDOREF;
+       return REF_TYPE_NORMAL;
 }
 
-/* This should return a meaningful errno on failure */
-int lock_packed_refs(int flags)
+long get_files_ref_lock_timeout_ms(void)
 {
-	struct packed_ref_cache *packed_ref_cache;
+	static int configured = 0;
 
-	if (hold_lock_file_for_update(&packlock, git_path("packed-refs"), flags) < 0)
-		return -1;
-	/*
-	 * Get the current packed-refs while holding the lock.  If the
-	 * packed-refs file has been modified since we last read it,
-	 * this will automatically invalidate the cache and re-read
-	 * the packed-refs file.
-	 */
-	packed_ref_cache = get_packed_ref_cache(&ref_cache);
-	packed_ref_cache->lock = &packlock;
-	/* Increment the reference count to prevent it from being freed: */
-	acquire_packed_ref_cache(packed_ref_cache);
-	return 0;
-}
+	/* The default timeout is 100 ms: */
+	static int timeout_ms = 100;
 
-/*
- * Commit the packed refs changes.
- * On error we must make sure that errno contains a meaningful value.
- */
-int commit_packed_refs(void)
-{
-	struct packed_ref_cache *packed_ref_cache =
-		get_packed_ref_cache(&ref_cache);
-	int error = 0;
-	int save_errno = 0;
-	FILE *out;
-
-	if (!packed_ref_cache->lock)
-		die("internal error: packed-refs not locked");
-
-	out = fdopen_lock_file(packed_ref_cache->lock, "w");
-	if (!out)
-		die_errno("unable to fdopen packed-refs descriptor");
-
-	fprintf_or_die(out, "%s", PACKED_REFS_HEADER);
-	do_for_each_entry_in_dir(get_packed_ref_dir(packed_ref_cache),
-				 0, write_packed_entry_fn, out);
-
-	if (commit_lock_file(packed_ref_cache->lock)) {
-		save_errno = errno;
-		error = -1;
+	if (!configured) {
+		git_config_get_int("core.filesreflocktimeout", &timeout_ms);
+		configured = 1;
 	}
-	packed_ref_cache->lock = NULL;
-	release_packed_ref_cache(packed_ref_cache);
-	errno = save_errno;
-	return error;
-}
 
-void rollback_packed_refs(void)
-{
-	struct packed_ref_cache *packed_ref_cache =
-		get_packed_ref_cache(&ref_cache);
-
-	if (!packed_ref_cache->lock)
-		die("internal error: packed-refs not locked");
-	rollback_lock_file(packed_ref_cache->lock);
-	packed_ref_cache->lock = NULL;
-	release_packed_ref_cache(packed_ref_cache);
-	clear_packed_ref_cache(&ref_cache);
+	return timeout_ms;
 }
 
-struct ref_to_prune {
-	struct ref_to_prune *next;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
-};
-
-struct pack_refs_cb_data {
-	unsigned int flags;
-	struct ref_dir *packed_refs;
-	struct ref_to_prune *ref_to_prune;
-};
-
-/*
- * An each_ref_entry_fn that is run over loose references only.  If
- * the loose reference can be packed, add an entry in the packed ref
- * cache.  If the reference should be pruned, also add it to
- * ref_to_prune in the pack_refs_cb_data.
- */
-static int pack_if_possible_fn(struct ref_entry *entry, void *cb_data)
+static int write_pseudoref(const char *pseudoref, const struct object_id *oid,
+			   const struct object_id *old_oid, struct strbuf *err)
 {
-	struct pack_refs_cb_data *cb = cb_data;
-	enum peel_status peel_status;
-	struct ref_entry *packed_entry;
-	int is_tag_ref = starts_with(entry->name, "refs/tags/");
+	const char *filename;
+	int fd;
+	struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = -1;
 
-	/* ALWAYS pack tags */
-	if (!(cb->flags & PACK_REFS_ALL) && !is_tag_ref)
+	if (!oid)
 		return 0;
 
-	/* Do not pack symbolic or broken refs: */
-	if ((entry->flag & REF_ISSYMREF) || !ref_resolves_to_object(entry))
-		return 0;
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
 
-	/* Add a packed ref cache entry equivalent to the loose entry. */
-	peel_status = peel_entry(entry, 1);
-	if (peel_status != PEEL_PEELED && peel_status != PEEL_NON_TAG)
-		die("internal error peeling reference %s (%s)",
-		    entry->name, sha1_to_hex(entry->u.value.sha1));
-	packed_entry = find_ref(cb->packed_refs, entry->name);
-	if (packed_entry) {
-		/* Overwrite existing packed entry with info from loose entry */
-		packed_entry->flag = REF_ISPACKED | REF_KNOWS_PEELED;
-		hashcpy(packed_entry->u.value.sha1, entry->u.value.sha1);
-	} else {
-		packed_entry = create_ref_entry(entry->name, entry->u.value.sha1,
-						REF_ISPACKED | REF_KNOWS_PEELED, 0);
-		add_ref(cb->packed_refs, packed_entry);
-	}
-	hashcpy(packed_entry->u.value.peeled, entry->u.value.peeled);
-
-	/* Schedule the loose reference for pruning if requested. */
-	if ((cb->flags & PACK_REFS_PRUNE)) {
-		int namelen = strlen(entry->name) + 1;
-		struct ref_to_prune *n = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*n) + namelen);
-		hashcpy(n->sha1, entry->u.value.sha1);
-		strcpy(n->name, entry->name);
-		n->next = cb->ref_to_prune;
-		cb->ref_to_prune = n;
+	filename = git_path("%s", pseudoref);
+	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update_timeout(&lock, filename, 0,
+					       get_files_ref_lock_timeout_ms());
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		strbuf_addf(err, _("could not open '%s' for writing: %s"),
+			    filename, strerror(errno));
+		goto done;
 	}
-	return 0;
-}
 
-/*
- * Remove empty parents, but spare refs/ and immediate subdirs.
- * Note: munges *name.
- */
-static void try_remove_empty_parents(char *name)
-{
-	char *p, *q;
-	int i;
-	p = name;
-	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) { /* refs/{heads,tags,...}/ */
-		while (*p && *p != '/')
-			p++;
-		/* tolerate duplicate slashes; see check_refname_format() */
-		while (*p == '/')
-			p++;
-	}
-	for (q = p; *q; q++)
-		;
-	while (1) {
-		while (q > p && *q != '/')
-			q--;
-		while (q > p && *(q-1) == '/')
-			q--;
-		if (q == p)
-			break;
-		*q = '\0';
-		if (rmdir(git_path("%s", name)))
-			break;
-	}
-}
+	if (old_oid) {
+		struct object_id actual_old_oid;
 
-/* make sure nobody touched the ref, and unlink */
-static void prune_ref(struct ref_to_prune *r)
-{
-	struct ref_transaction *transaction;
-	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	if (check_refname_format(r->name, 0))
-		return;
-
-	transaction = ref_transaction_begin(&err);
-	if (!transaction ||
-	    ref_transaction_delete(transaction, r->name, r->sha1,
-				   REF_ISPRUNING, NULL, &err) ||
-	    ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err)) {
-		ref_transaction_free(transaction);
-		error("%s", err.buf);
-		strbuf_release(&err);
-		return;
+		if (read_ref(pseudoref, &actual_old_oid)) {
+			if (!is_null_oid(old_oid)) {
+				strbuf_addf(err, _("could not read ref '%s'"),
+					    pseudoref);
+				rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+				goto done;
+			}
+		} else if (is_null_oid(old_oid)) {
+			strbuf_addf(err, _("ref '%s' already exists"),
+				    pseudoref);
+			rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+			goto done;
+		} else if (oidcmp(&actual_old_oid, old_oid)) {
+			strbuf_addf(err, _("unexpected object ID when writing '%s'"),
+				    pseudoref);
+			rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+			goto done;
+		}
 	}
-	ref_transaction_free(transaction);
-	strbuf_release(&err);
-	try_remove_empty_parents(r->name);
-}
 
-static void prune_refs(struct ref_to_prune *r)
-{
-	while (r) {
-		prune_ref(r);
-		r = r->next;
+	if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) < 0) {
+		strbuf_addf(err, _("could not write to '%s'"), filename);
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+		goto done;
 	}
-}
-
-int pack_refs(unsigned int flags)
-{
-	struct pack_refs_cb_data cbdata;
-
-	memset(&cbdata, 0, sizeof(cbdata));
-	cbdata.flags = flags;
-
-	lock_packed_refs(LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
-	cbdata.packed_refs = get_packed_refs(&ref_cache);
 
-	do_for_each_entry_in_dir(get_loose_refs(&ref_cache), 0,
-				 pack_if_possible_fn, &cbdata);
-
-	if (commit_packed_refs())
-		die_errno("unable to overwrite old ref-pack file");
-
-	prune_refs(cbdata.ref_to_prune);
-	return 0;
+	commit_lock_file(&lock);
+	ret = 0;
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return ret;
 }
 
-/*
- * If entry is no longer needed in packed-refs, add it to the string
- * list pointed to by cb_data.  Reasons for deleting entries:
- *
- * - Entry is broken.
- * - Entry is overridden by a loose ref.
- * - Entry does not point at a valid object.
- *
- * In the first and third cases, also emit an error message because these
- * are indications of repository corruption.
- */
-static int curate_packed_ref_fn(struct ref_entry *entry, void *cb_data)
+static int delete_pseudoref(const char *pseudoref, const struct object_id *old_oid)
 {
-	struct string_list *refs_to_delete = cb_data;
-
-	if (entry->flag & REF_ISBROKEN) {
-		/* This shouldn't happen to packed refs. */
-		error("%s is broken!", entry->name);
-		string_list_append(refs_to_delete, entry->name);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	if (!has_sha1_file(entry->u.value.sha1)) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		int flags;
-
-		if (read_ref_full(entry->name, 0, sha1, &flags))
-			/* We should at least have found the packed ref. */
-			die("Internal error");
-		if ((flags & REF_ISSYMREF) || !(flags & REF_ISPACKED)) {
-			/*
-			 * This packed reference is overridden by a
-			 * loose reference, so it is OK that its value
-			 * is no longer valid; for example, it might
-			 * refer to an object that has been garbage
-			 * collected.  For this purpose we don't even
-			 * care whether the loose reference itself is
-			 * invalid, broken, symbolic, etc.  Silently
-			 * remove the packed reference.
-			 */
-			string_list_append(refs_to_delete, entry->name);
-			return 0;
-		}
-		/*
-		 * There is no overriding loose reference, so the fact
-		 * that this reference doesn't refer to a valid object
-		 * indicates some kind of repository corruption.
-		 * Report the problem, then omit the reference from
-		 * the output.
-		 */
-		error("%s does not point to a valid object!", entry->name);
-		string_list_append(refs_to_delete, entry->name);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
+	const char *filename;
 
-int repack_without_refs(struct string_list *refnames, struct strbuf *err)
-{
-	struct ref_dir *packed;
-	struct string_list refs_to_delete = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
-	struct string_list_item *refname, *ref_to_delete;
-	int ret, needs_repacking = 0, removed = 0;
+	filename = git_path("%s", pseudoref);
 
-	assert(err);
+	if (old_oid && !is_null_oid(old_oid)) {
+		struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
+		int fd;
+		struct object_id actual_old_oid;
 
-	/* Look for a packed ref */
-	for_each_string_list_item(refname, refnames) {
-		if (get_packed_ref(refname->string)) {
-			needs_repacking = 1;
-			break;
+		fd = hold_lock_file_for_update_timeout(
+				&lock, filename, 0,
+				get_files_ref_lock_timeout_ms());
+		if (fd < 0) {
+			error_errno(_("could not open '%s' for writing"),
+				    filename);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		if (read_ref(pseudoref, &actual_old_oid))
+			die(_("could not read ref '%s'"), pseudoref);
+		if (oidcmp(&actual_old_oid, old_oid)) {
+			error(_("unexpected object ID when deleting '%s'"),
+			      pseudoref);
+			rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+			return -1;
 		}
-	}
-
-	/* Avoid locking if we have nothing to do */
-	if (!needs_repacking)
-		return 0; /* no refname exists in packed refs */
-
-	if (lock_packed_refs(0)) {
-		unable_to_lock_message(git_path("packed-refs"), errno, err);
-		return -1;
-	}
-	packed = get_packed_refs(&ref_cache);
-
-	/* Remove refnames from the cache */
-	for_each_string_list_item(refname, refnames)
-		if (remove_entry(packed, refname->string) != -1)
-			removed = 1;
-	if (!removed) {
-		/*
-		 * All packed entries disappeared while we were
-		 * acquiring the lock.
-		 */
-		rollback_packed_refs();
-		return 0;
-	}
 
-	/* Remove any other accumulated cruft */
-	do_for_each_entry_in_dir(packed, 0, curate_packed_ref_fn, &refs_to_delete);
-	for_each_string_list_item(ref_to_delete, &refs_to_delete) {
-		if (remove_entry(packed, ref_to_delete->string) == -1)
-			die("internal error");
+		unlink(filename);
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+	} else {
+		unlink(filename);
 	}
 
-	/* Write what remains */
-	ret = commit_packed_refs();
-	if (ret)
-		strbuf_addf(err, "unable to overwrite old ref-pack file: %s",
-			    strerror(errno));
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static int delete_ref_loose(struct ref_lock *lock, int flag, struct strbuf *err)
-{
-	assert(err);
-
-	if (!(flag & REF_ISPACKED) || flag & REF_ISSYMREF) {
-		/*
-		 * loose.  The loose file name is the same as the
-		 * lockfile name, minus ".lock":
-		 */
-		char *loose_filename = get_locked_file_path(lock->lk);
-		int res = unlink_or_msg(loose_filename, err);
-		free(loose_filename);
-		if (res)
-			return 1;
-	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int delete_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned int flags)
+int refs_delete_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char *msg,
+		    const char *refname,
+		    const struct object_id *old_oid,
+		    unsigned int flags)
 {
 	struct ref_transaction *transaction;
 	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	transaction = ref_transaction_begin(&err);
+	if (ref_type(refname) == REF_TYPE_PSEUDOREF) {
+		assert(refs == get_main_ref_store(the_repository));
+		return delete_pseudoref(refname, old_oid);
+	}
+
+	transaction = ref_store_transaction_begin(refs, &err);
 	if (!transaction ||
-	    ref_transaction_delete(transaction, refname,
-				   (sha1 && !is_null_sha1(sha1)) ? sha1 : NULL,
-				   flags, NULL, &err) ||
+	    ref_transaction_delete(transaction, refname, old_oid,
+				   flags, msg, &err) ||
 	    ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err)) {
 		error("%s", err.buf);
 		ref_transaction_free(transaction);
@@ -2767,313 +788,43 @@ int delete_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned int flag
 	return 0;
 }
 
-/*
- * People using contrib's git-new-workdir have .git/logs/refs ->
- * /some/other/path/.git/logs/refs, and that may live on another device.
- *
- * IOW, to avoid cross device rename errors, the temporary renamed log must
- * live into logs/refs.
- */
-#define TMP_RENAMED_LOG  "logs/refs/.tmp-renamed-log"
-
-static int rename_tmp_log(const char *newrefname)
-{
-	int attempts_remaining = 4;
-
- retry:
-	switch (safe_create_leading_directories(git_path("logs/%s", newrefname))) {
-	case SCLD_OK:
-		break; /* success */
-	case SCLD_VANISHED:
-		if (--attempts_remaining > 0)
-			goto retry;
-		/* fall through */
-	default:
-		error("unable to create directory for %s", newrefname);
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	if (rename(git_path(TMP_RENAMED_LOG), git_path("logs/%s", newrefname))) {
-		if ((errno==EISDIR || errno==ENOTDIR) && --attempts_remaining > 0) {
-			/*
-			 * rename(a, b) when b is an existing
-			 * directory ought to result in ISDIR, but
-			 * Solaris 5.8 gives ENOTDIR.  Sheesh.
-			 */
-			if (remove_empty_directories(git_path("logs/%s", newrefname))) {
-				error("Directory not empty: logs/%s", newrefname);
-				return -1;
-			}
-			goto retry;
-		} else if (errno == ENOENT && --attempts_remaining > 0) {
-			/*
-			 * Maybe another process just deleted one of
-			 * the directories in the path to newrefname.
-			 * Try again from the beginning.
-			 */
-			goto retry;
-		} else {
-			error("unable to move logfile "TMP_RENAMED_LOG" to logs/%s: %s",
-				newrefname, strerror(errno));
-			return -1;
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int rename_ref_available(const char *oldname, const char *newname)
+int delete_ref(const char *msg, const char *refname,
+	       const struct object_id *old_oid, unsigned int flags)
 {
-	struct string_list skip = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
-	int ret;
-
-	string_list_insert(&skip, oldname);
-	ret = is_refname_available(newname, &skip, get_packed_refs(&ref_cache))
-	    && is_refname_available(newname, &skip, get_loose_refs(&ref_cache));
-	string_list_clear(&skip, 0);
-	return ret;
+	return refs_delete_ref(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), msg, refname,
+			       old_oid, flags);
 }
 
-static int write_ref_sha1(struct ref_lock *lock, const unsigned char *sha1,
-			  const char *logmsg);
-
-int rename_ref(const char *oldrefname, const char *newrefname, const char *logmsg)
+void copy_reflog_msg(struct strbuf *sb, const char *msg)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20], orig_sha1[20];
-	int flag = 0, logmoved = 0;
-	struct ref_lock *lock;
-	struct stat loginfo;
-	int log = !lstat(git_path("logs/%s", oldrefname), &loginfo);
-	const char *symref = NULL;
-
-	if (log && S_ISLNK(loginfo.st_mode))
-		return error("reflog for %s is a symlink", oldrefname);
-
-	symref = resolve_ref_unsafe(oldrefname, RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-				    orig_sha1, &flag);
-	if (flag & REF_ISSYMREF)
-		return error("refname %s is a symbolic ref, renaming it is not supported",
-			oldrefname);
-	if (!symref)
-		return error("refname %s not found", oldrefname);
-
-	if (!rename_ref_available(oldrefname, newrefname))
-		return 1;
-
-	if (log && rename(git_path("logs/%s", oldrefname), git_path(TMP_RENAMED_LOG)))
-		return error("unable to move logfile logs/%s to "TMP_RENAMED_LOG": %s",
-			oldrefname, strerror(errno));
-
-	if (delete_ref(oldrefname, orig_sha1, REF_NODEREF)) {
-		error("unable to delete old %s", oldrefname);
-		goto rollback;
-	}
-
-	if (!read_ref_full(newrefname, RESOLVE_REF_READING, sha1, NULL) &&
-	    delete_ref(newrefname, sha1, REF_NODEREF)) {
-		if (errno==EISDIR) {
-			if (remove_empty_directories(git_path("%s", newrefname))) {
-				error("Directory not empty: %s", newrefname);
-				goto rollback;
-			}
-		} else {
-			error("unable to delete existing %s", newrefname);
-			goto rollback;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (log && rename_tmp_log(newrefname))
-		goto rollback;
-
-	logmoved = log;
-
-	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(newrefname, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL);
-	if (!lock) {
-		error("unable to lock %s for update", newrefname);
-		goto rollback;
-	}
-	hashcpy(lock->old_sha1, orig_sha1);
-	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, orig_sha1, logmsg)) {
-		error("unable to write current sha1 into %s", newrefname);
-		goto rollback;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-
- rollback:
-	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(oldrefname, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL);
-	if (!lock) {
-		error("unable to lock %s for rollback", oldrefname);
-		goto rollbacklog;
-	}
-
-	flag = log_all_ref_updates;
-	log_all_ref_updates = 0;
-	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, orig_sha1, NULL))
-		error("unable to write current sha1 into %s", oldrefname);
-	log_all_ref_updates = flag;
-
- rollbacklog:
-	if (logmoved && rename(git_path("logs/%s", newrefname), git_path("logs/%s", oldrefname)))
-		error("unable to restore logfile %s from %s: %s",
-			oldrefname, newrefname, strerror(errno));
-	if (!logmoved && log &&
-	    rename(git_path(TMP_RENAMED_LOG), git_path("logs/%s", oldrefname)))
-		error("unable to restore logfile %s from "TMP_RENAMED_LOG": %s",
-			oldrefname, strerror(errno));
-
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int close_ref(struct ref_lock *lock)
-{
-	if (close_lock_file(lock->lk))
-		return -1;
-	lock->lock_fd = -1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int commit_ref(struct ref_lock *lock)
-{
-	if (commit_lock_file(lock->lk))
-		return -1;
-	lock->lock_fd = -1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * copy the reflog message msg to buf, which has been allocated sufficiently
- * large, while cleaning up the whitespaces.  Especially, convert LF to space,
- * because reflog file is one line per entry.
- */
-static int copy_msg(char *buf, const char *msg)
-{
-	char *cp = buf;
 	char c;
 	int wasspace = 1;
 
-	*cp++ = '\t';
+	strbuf_addch(sb, '\t');
 	while ((c = *msg++)) {
 		if (wasspace && isspace(c))
 			continue;
 		wasspace = isspace(c);
 		if (wasspace)
 			c = ' ';
-		*cp++ = c;
-	}
-	while (buf < cp && isspace(cp[-1]))
-		cp--;
-	*cp++ = '\n';
-	return cp - buf;
-}
-
-/* This function must set a meaningful errno on failure */
-int log_ref_setup(const char *refname, char *logfile, int bufsize)
-{
-	int logfd, oflags = O_APPEND | O_WRONLY;
-
-	git_snpath(logfile, bufsize, "logs/%s", refname);
-	if (log_all_ref_updates &&
-	    (starts_with(refname, "refs/heads/") ||
-	     starts_with(refname, "refs/remotes/") ||
-	     starts_with(refname, "refs/notes/") ||
-	     !strcmp(refname, "HEAD"))) {
-		if (safe_create_leading_directories(logfile) < 0) {
-			int save_errno = errno;
-			error("unable to create directory for %s", logfile);
-			errno = save_errno;
-			return -1;
-		}
-		oflags |= O_CREAT;
+		strbuf_addch(sb, c);
 	}
-
-	logfd = open(logfile, oflags, 0666);
-	if (logfd < 0) {
-		if (!(oflags & O_CREAT) && (errno == ENOENT || errno == EISDIR))
-			return 0;
-
-		if (errno == EISDIR) {
-			if (remove_empty_directories(logfile)) {
-				int save_errno = errno;
-				error("There are still logs under '%s'",
-				      logfile);
-				errno = save_errno;
-				return -1;
-			}
-			logfd = open(logfile, oflags, 0666);
-		}
-
-		if (logfd < 0) {
-			int save_errno = errno;
-			error("Unable to append to %s: %s", logfile,
-			      strerror(errno));
-			errno = save_errno;
-			return -1;
-		}
-	}
-
-	adjust_shared_perm(logfile);
-	close(logfd);
-	return 0;
+	strbuf_rtrim(sb);
 }
 
-static int log_ref_write_fd(int fd, const unsigned char *old_sha1,
-			    const unsigned char *new_sha1,
-			    const char *committer, const char *msg)
+int should_autocreate_reflog(const char *refname)
 {
-	int msglen, written;
-	unsigned maxlen, len;
-	char *logrec;
-
-	msglen = msg ? strlen(msg) : 0;
-	maxlen = strlen(committer) + msglen + 100;
-	logrec = xmalloc(maxlen);
-	len = sprintf(logrec, "%s %s %s\n",
-		      sha1_to_hex(old_sha1),
-		      sha1_to_hex(new_sha1),
-		      committer);
-	if (msglen)
-		len += copy_msg(logrec + len - 1, msg) - 1;
-
-	written = len <= maxlen ? write_in_full(fd, logrec, len) : -1;
-	free(logrec);
-	if (written != len)
-		return -1;
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int log_ref_write(const char *refname, const unsigned char *old_sha1,
-			 const unsigned char *new_sha1, const char *msg)
-{
-	int logfd, result, oflags = O_APPEND | O_WRONLY;
-	char log_file[PATH_MAX];
-
-	if (log_all_ref_updates < 0)
-		log_all_ref_updates = !is_bare_repository();
-
-	result = log_ref_setup(refname, log_file, sizeof(log_file));
-	if (result)
-		return result;
-
-	logfd = open(log_file, oflags);
-	if (logfd < 0)
+	switch (log_all_ref_updates) {
+	case LOG_REFS_ALWAYS:
+		return 1;
+	case LOG_REFS_NORMAL:
+		return starts_with(refname, "refs/heads/") ||
+			starts_with(refname, "refs/remotes/") ||
+			starts_with(refname, "refs/notes/") ||
+			!strcmp(refname, "HEAD");
+	default:
 		return 0;
-	result = log_ref_write_fd(logfd, old_sha1, new_sha1,
-				  git_committer_info(0), msg);
-	if (result) {
-		int save_errno = errno;
-		close(logfd);
-		error("Unable to append to %s", log_file);
-		errno = save_errno;
-		return -1;
-	}
-	if (close(logfd)) {
-		int save_errno = errno;
-		error("Unable to append to %s", log_file);
-		errno = save_errno;
-		return -1;
 	}
-	return 0;
 }
 
 int is_branch(const char *refname)
@@ -3081,161 +832,26 @@ int is_branch(const char *refname)
 	return !strcmp(refname, "HEAD") || starts_with(refname, "refs/heads/");
 }
 
-/*
- * Write sha1 into the ref specified by the lock. Make sure that errno
- * is sane on error.
- */
-static int write_ref_sha1(struct ref_lock *lock,
-	const unsigned char *sha1, const char *logmsg)
-{
-	static char term = '\n';
-	struct object *o;
-
-	o = parse_object(sha1);
-	if (!o) {
-		error("Trying to write ref %s with nonexistent object %s",
-			lock->ref_name, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		unlock_ref(lock);
-		errno = EINVAL;
-		return -1;
-	}
-	if (o->type != OBJ_COMMIT && is_branch(lock->ref_name)) {
-		error("Trying to write non-commit object %s to branch %s",
-			sha1_to_hex(sha1), lock->ref_name);
-		unlock_ref(lock);
-		errno = EINVAL;
-		return -1;
-	}
-	if (write_in_full(lock->lock_fd, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40) != 40 ||
-	    write_in_full(lock->lock_fd, &term, 1) != 1 ||
-	    close_ref(lock) < 0) {
-		int save_errno = errno;
-		error("Couldn't write %s", lock->lk->filename.buf);
-		unlock_ref(lock);
-		errno = save_errno;
-		return -1;
-	}
-	clear_loose_ref_cache(&ref_cache);
-	if (log_ref_write(lock->ref_name, lock->old_sha1, sha1, logmsg) < 0 ||
-	    (strcmp(lock->ref_name, lock->orig_ref_name) &&
-	     log_ref_write(lock->orig_ref_name, lock->old_sha1, sha1, logmsg) < 0)) {
-		unlock_ref(lock);
-		return -1;
-	}
-	if (strcmp(lock->orig_ref_name, "HEAD") != 0) {
-		/*
-		 * Special hack: If a branch is updated directly and HEAD
-		 * points to it (may happen on the remote side of a push
-		 * for example) then logically the HEAD reflog should be
-		 * updated too.
-		 * A generic solution implies reverse symref information,
-		 * but finding all symrefs pointing to the given branch
-		 * would be rather costly for this rare event (the direct
-		 * update of a branch) to be worth it.  So let's cheat and
-		 * check with HEAD only which should cover 99% of all usage
-		 * scenarios (even 100% of the default ones).
-		 */
-		unsigned char head_sha1[20];
-		int head_flag;
-		const char *head_ref;
-		head_ref = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-					      head_sha1, &head_flag);
-		if (head_ref && (head_flag & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
-		    !strcmp(head_ref, lock->ref_name))
-			log_ref_write("HEAD", lock->old_sha1, sha1, logmsg);
-	}
-	if (commit_ref(lock)) {
-		error("Couldn't set %s", lock->ref_name);
-		unlock_ref(lock);
-		return -1;
-	}
-	unlock_ref(lock);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int create_symref(const char *ref_target, const char *refs_heads_master,
-		  const char *logmsg)
-{
-	const char *lockpath;
-	char ref[1000];
-	int fd, len, written;
-	char *git_HEAD = git_pathdup("%s", ref_target);
-	unsigned char old_sha1[20], new_sha1[20];
-
-	if (logmsg && read_ref(ref_target, old_sha1))
-		hashclr(old_sha1);
-
-	if (safe_create_leading_directories(git_HEAD) < 0)
-		return error("unable to create directory for %s", git_HEAD);
-
-#ifndef NO_SYMLINK_HEAD
-	if (prefer_symlink_refs) {
-		unlink(git_HEAD);
-		if (!symlink(refs_heads_master, git_HEAD))
-			goto done;
-		fprintf(stderr, "no symlink - falling back to symbolic ref\n");
-	}
-#endif
-
-	len = snprintf(ref, sizeof(ref), "ref: %s\n", refs_heads_master);
-	if (sizeof(ref) <= len) {
-		error("refname too long: %s", refs_heads_master);
-		goto error_free_return;
-	}
-	lockpath = mkpath("%s.lock", git_HEAD);
-	fd = open(lockpath, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_WRONLY, 0666);
-	if (fd < 0) {
-		error("Unable to open %s for writing", lockpath);
-		goto error_free_return;
-	}
-	written = write_in_full(fd, ref, len);
-	if (close(fd) != 0 || written != len) {
-		error("Unable to write to %s", lockpath);
-		goto error_unlink_return;
-	}
-	if (rename(lockpath, git_HEAD) < 0) {
-		error("Unable to create %s", git_HEAD);
-		goto error_unlink_return;
-	}
-	if (adjust_shared_perm(git_HEAD)) {
-		error("Unable to fix permissions on %s", lockpath);
-	error_unlink_return:
-		unlink_or_warn(lockpath);
-	error_free_return:
-		free(git_HEAD);
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-#ifndef NO_SYMLINK_HEAD
-	done:
-#endif
-	if (logmsg && !read_ref(refs_heads_master, new_sha1))
-		log_ref_write(ref_target, old_sha1, new_sha1, logmsg);
-
-	free(git_HEAD);
-	return 0;
-}
-
 struct read_ref_at_cb {
 	const char *refname;
-	unsigned long at_time;
+	timestamp_t at_time;
 	int cnt;
 	int reccnt;
-	unsigned char *sha1;
+	struct object_id *oid;
 	int found_it;
 
-	unsigned char osha1[20];
-	unsigned char nsha1[20];
+	struct object_id ooid;
+	struct object_id noid;
 	int tz;
-	unsigned long date;
+	timestamp_t date;
 	char **msg;
-	unsigned long *cutoff_time;
+	timestamp_t *cutoff_time;
 	int *cutoff_tz;
 	int *cutoff_cnt;
 };
 
-static int read_ref_at_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
-		const char *email, unsigned long timestamp, int tz,
+static int read_ref_at_ent(struct object_id *ooid, struct object_id *noid,
+		const char *email, timestamp_t timestamp, int tz,
 		const char *message, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct read_ref_at_cb *cb = cb_data;
@@ -3254,35 +870,35 @@ static int read_ref_at_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
 		if (cb->cutoff_cnt)
 			*cb->cutoff_cnt = cb->reccnt - 1;
 		/*
-		 * we have not yet updated cb->[n|o]sha1 so they still
+		 * we have not yet updated cb->[n|o]oid so they still
 		 * hold the values for the previous record.
 		 */
-		if (!is_null_sha1(cb->osha1)) {
-			hashcpy(cb->sha1, nsha1);
-			if (hashcmp(cb->osha1, nsha1))
-				warning("Log for ref %s has gap after %s.",
-					cb->refname, show_date(cb->date, cb->tz, DATE_RFC2822));
+		if (!is_null_oid(&cb->ooid)) {
+			oidcpy(cb->oid, noid);
+			if (oidcmp(&cb->ooid, noid))
+				warning(_("log for ref %s has gap after %s"),
+					cb->refname, show_date(cb->date, cb->tz, DATE_MODE(RFC2822)));
 		}
 		else if (cb->date == cb->at_time)
-			hashcpy(cb->sha1, nsha1);
-		else if (hashcmp(nsha1, cb->sha1))
-			warning("Log for ref %s unexpectedly ended on %s.",
+			oidcpy(cb->oid, noid);
+		else if (oidcmp(noid, cb->oid))
+			warning(_("log for ref %s unexpectedly ended on %s"),
 				cb->refname, show_date(cb->date, cb->tz,
-						   DATE_RFC2822));
-		hashcpy(cb->osha1, osha1);
-		hashcpy(cb->nsha1, nsha1);
+						       DATE_MODE(RFC2822)));
+		oidcpy(&cb->ooid, ooid);
+		oidcpy(&cb->noid, noid);
 		cb->found_it = 1;
 		return 1;
 	}
-	hashcpy(cb->osha1, osha1);
-	hashcpy(cb->nsha1, nsha1);
+	oidcpy(&cb->ooid, ooid);
+	oidcpy(&cb->noid, noid);
 	if (cb->cnt > 0)
 		cb->cnt--;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int read_ref_at_ent_oldest(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
-				  const char *email, unsigned long timestamp,
+static int read_ref_at_ent_oldest(struct object_id *ooid, struct object_id *noid,
+				  const char *email, timestamp_t timestamp,
 				  int tz, const char *message, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct read_ref_at_cb *cb = cb_data;
@@ -3295,16 +911,16 @@ static int read_ref_at_ent_oldest(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
 		*cb->cutoff_tz = tz;
 	if (cb->cutoff_cnt)
 		*cb->cutoff_cnt = cb->reccnt;
-	hashcpy(cb->sha1, osha1);
-	if (is_null_sha1(cb->sha1))
-		hashcpy(cb->sha1, nsha1);
+	oidcpy(cb->oid, ooid);
+	if (is_null_oid(cb->oid))
+		oidcpy(cb->oid, noid);
 	/* We just want the first entry */
 	return 1;
 }
 
-int read_ref_at(const char *refname, unsigned int flags, unsigned long at_time, int cnt,
-		unsigned char *sha1, char **msg,
-		unsigned long *cutoff_time, int *cutoff_tz, int *cutoff_cnt)
+int read_ref_at(const char *refname, unsigned int flags, timestamp_t at_time, int cnt,
+		struct object_id *oid, char **msg,
+		timestamp_t *cutoff_time, int *cutoff_tz, int *cutoff_cnt)
 {
 	struct read_ref_at_cb cb;
 
@@ -3316,15 +932,15 @@ int read_ref_at(const char *refname, unsigned int flags, unsigned long at_time,
 	cb.cutoff_time = cutoff_time;
 	cb.cutoff_tz = cutoff_tz;
 	cb.cutoff_cnt = cutoff_cnt;
-	cb.sha1 = sha1;
+	cb.oid = oid;
 
 	for_each_reflog_ent_reverse(refname, read_ref_at_ent, &cb);
 
 	if (!cb.reccnt) {
-		if (flags & GET_SHA1_QUIETLY)
+		if (flags & GET_OID_QUIETLY)
 			exit(128);
 		else
-			die("Log for %s is empty.", refname);
+			die(_("log for %s is empty"), refname);
 	}
 	if (cb.found_it)
 		return 0;
@@ -3334,300 +950,42 @@ int read_ref_at(const char *refname, unsigned int flags, unsigned long at_time,
 	return 1;
 }
 
-int reflog_exists(const char *refname)
-{
-	struct stat st;
-
-	return !lstat(git_path("logs/%s", refname), &st) &&
-		S_ISREG(st.st_mode);
-}
-
-int delete_reflog(const char *refname)
-{
-	return remove_path(git_path("logs/%s", refname));
-}
-
-static int show_one_reflog_ent(struct strbuf *sb, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
-{
-	unsigned char osha1[20], nsha1[20];
-	char *email_end, *message;
-	unsigned long timestamp;
-	int tz;
-
-	/* old SP new SP name <email> SP time TAB msg LF */
-	if (sb->len < 83 || sb->buf[sb->len - 1] != '\n' ||
-	    get_sha1_hex(sb->buf, osha1) || sb->buf[40] != ' ' ||
-	    get_sha1_hex(sb->buf + 41, nsha1) || sb->buf[81] != ' ' ||
-	    !(email_end = strchr(sb->buf + 82, '>')) ||
-	    email_end[1] != ' ' ||
-	    !(timestamp = strtoul(email_end + 2, &message, 10)) ||
-	    !message || message[0] != ' ' ||
-	    (message[1] != '+' && message[1] != '-') ||
-	    !isdigit(message[2]) || !isdigit(message[3]) ||
-	    !isdigit(message[4]) || !isdigit(message[5]))
-		return 0; /* corrupt? */
-	email_end[1] = '\0';
-	tz = strtol(message + 1, NULL, 10);
-	if (message[6] != '\t')
-		message += 6;
-	else
-		message += 7;
-	return fn(osha1, nsha1, sb->buf + 82, timestamp, tz, message, cb_data);
-}
-
-static char *find_beginning_of_line(char *bob, char *scan)
-{
-	while (bob < scan && *(--scan) != '\n')
-		; /* keep scanning backwards */
-	/*
-	 * Return either beginning of the buffer, or LF at the end of
-	 * the previous line.
-	 */
-	return scan;
-}
-
-int for_each_reflog_ent_reverse(const char *refname, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	FILE *logfp;
-	long pos;
-	int ret = 0, at_tail = 1;
-
-	logfp = fopen(git_path("logs/%s", refname), "r");
-	if (!logfp)
-		return -1;
-
-	/* Jump to the end */
-	if (fseek(logfp, 0, SEEK_END) < 0)
-		return error("cannot seek back reflog for %s: %s",
-			     refname, strerror(errno));
-	pos = ftell(logfp);
-	while (!ret && 0 < pos) {
-		int cnt;
-		size_t nread;
-		char buf[BUFSIZ];
-		char *endp, *scanp;
-
-		/* Fill next block from the end */
-		cnt = (sizeof(buf) < pos) ? sizeof(buf) : pos;
-		if (fseek(logfp, pos - cnt, SEEK_SET))
-			return error("cannot seek back reflog for %s: %s",
-				     refname, strerror(errno));
-		nread = fread(buf, cnt, 1, logfp);
-		if (nread != 1)
-			return error("cannot read %d bytes from reflog for %s: %s",
-				     cnt, refname, strerror(errno));
-		pos -= cnt;
-
-		scanp = endp = buf + cnt;
-		if (at_tail && scanp[-1] == '\n')
-			/* Looking at the final LF at the end of the file */
-			scanp--;
-		at_tail = 0;
-
-		while (buf < scanp) {
-			/*
-			 * terminating LF of the previous line, or the beginning
-			 * of the buffer.
-			 */
-			char *bp;
-
-			bp = find_beginning_of_line(buf, scanp);
-
-			if (*bp == '\n') {
-				/*
-				 * The newline is the end of the previous line,
-				 * so we know we have complete line starting
-				 * at (bp + 1). Prefix it onto any prior data
-				 * we collected for the line and process it.
-				 */
-				strbuf_splice(&sb, 0, 0, bp + 1, endp - (bp + 1));
-				scanp = bp;
-				endp = bp + 1;
-				ret = show_one_reflog_ent(&sb, fn, cb_data);
-				strbuf_reset(&sb);
-				if (ret)
-					break;
-			} else if (!pos) {
-				/*
-				 * We are at the start of the buffer, and the
-				 * start of the file; there is no previous
-				 * line, and we have everything for this one.
-				 * Process it, and we can end the loop.
-				 */
-				strbuf_splice(&sb, 0, 0, buf, endp - buf);
-				ret = show_one_reflog_ent(&sb, fn, cb_data);
-				strbuf_reset(&sb);
-				break;
-			}
-
-			if (bp == buf) {
-				/*
-				 * We are at the start of the buffer, and there
-				 * is more file to read backwards. Which means
-				 * we are in the middle of a line. Note that we
-				 * may get here even if *bp was a newline; that
-				 * just means we are at the exact end of the
-				 * previous line, rather than some spot in the
-				 * middle.
-				 *
-				 * Save away what we have to be combined with
-				 * the data from the next read.
-				 */
-				strbuf_splice(&sb, 0, 0, buf, endp - buf);
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-
-	}
-	if (!ret && sb.len)
-		die("BUG: reverse reflog parser had leftover data");
-
-	fclose(logfp);
-	strbuf_release(&sb);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *refname, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+struct ref_transaction *ref_store_transaction_begin(struct ref_store *refs,
+						    struct strbuf *err)
 {
-	FILE *logfp;
-	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int ret = 0;
-
-	logfp = fopen(git_path("logs/%s", refname), "r");
-	if (!logfp)
-		return -1;
-
-	while (!ret && !strbuf_getwholeline(&sb, logfp, '\n'))
-		ret = show_one_reflog_ent(&sb, fn, cb_data);
-	fclose(logfp);
-	strbuf_release(&sb);
-	return ret;
-}
-/*
- * Call fn for each reflog in the namespace indicated by name.  name
- * must be empty or end with '/'.  Name will be used as a scratch
- * space, but its contents will be restored before return.
- */
-static int do_for_each_reflog(struct strbuf *name, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
-{
-	DIR *d = opendir(git_path("logs/%s", name->buf));
-	int retval = 0;
-	struct dirent *de;
-	int oldlen = name->len;
-
-	if (!d)
-		return name->len ? errno : 0;
-
-	while ((de = readdir(d)) != NULL) {
-		struct stat st;
-
-		if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
-			continue;
-		if (ends_with(de->d_name, ".lock"))
-			continue;
-		strbuf_addstr(name, de->d_name);
-		if (stat(git_path("logs/%s", name->buf), &st) < 0) {
-			; /* silently ignore */
-		} else {
-			if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
-				strbuf_addch(name, '/');
-				retval = do_for_each_reflog(name, fn, cb_data);
-			} else {
-				unsigned char sha1[20];
-				if (read_ref_full(name->buf, 0, sha1, NULL))
-					retval = error("bad ref for %s", name->buf);
-				else
-					retval = fn(name->buf, sha1, 0, cb_data);
-			}
-			if (retval)
-				break;
-		}
-		strbuf_setlen(name, oldlen);
-	}
-	closedir(d);
-	return retval;
-}
+	struct ref_transaction *tr;
+	assert(err);
 
-int for_each_reflog(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
-{
-	int retval;
-	struct strbuf name;
-	strbuf_init(&name, PATH_MAX);
-	retval = do_for_each_reflog(&name, fn, cb_data);
-	strbuf_release(&name);
-	return retval;
+	tr = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_transaction));
+	tr->ref_store = refs;
+	return tr;
 }
 
-/**
- * Information needed for a single ref update. Set new_sha1 to the new
- * value or to null_sha1 to delete the ref. To check the old value
- * while the ref is locked, set (flags & REF_HAVE_OLD) and set
- * old_sha1 to the old value, or to null_sha1 to ensure the ref does
- * not exist before update.
- */
-struct ref_update {
-	/*
-	 * If (flags & REF_HAVE_NEW), set the reference to this value:
-	 */
-	unsigned char new_sha1[20];
-	/*
-	 * If (flags & REF_HAVE_OLD), check that the reference
-	 * previously had this value:
-	 */
-	unsigned char old_sha1[20];
-	/*
-	 * One or more of REF_HAVE_NEW, REF_HAVE_OLD, REF_NODEREF,
-	 * REF_DELETING, and REF_ISPRUNING:
-	 */
-	unsigned int flags;
-	struct ref_lock *lock;
-	int type;
-	char *msg;
-	const char refname[FLEX_ARRAY];
-};
-
-/*
- * Transaction states.
- * OPEN:   The transaction is in a valid state and can accept new updates.
- *         An OPEN transaction can be committed.
- * CLOSED: A closed transaction is no longer active and no other operations
- *         than free can be used on it in this state.
- *         A transaction can either become closed by successfully committing
- *         an active transaction or if there is a failure while building
- *         the transaction thus rendering it failed/inactive.
- */
-enum ref_transaction_state {
-	REF_TRANSACTION_OPEN   = 0,
-	REF_TRANSACTION_CLOSED = 1
-};
-
-/*
- * Data structure for holding a reference transaction, which can
- * consist of checks and updates to multiple references, carried out
- * as atomically as possible.  This structure is opaque to callers.
- */
-struct ref_transaction {
-	struct ref_update **updates;
-	size_t alloc;
-	size_t nr;
-	enum ref_transaction_state state;
-};
-
 struct ref_transaction *ref_transaction_begin(struct strbuf *err)
 {
-	assert(err);
-
-	return xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_transaction));
+	return ref_store_transaction_begin(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), err);
 }
 
 void ref_transaction_free(struct ref_transaction *transaction)
 {
-	int i;
+	size_t i;
 
 	if (!transaction)
 		return;
 
+	switch (transaction->state) {
+	case REF_TRANSACTION_OPEN:
+	case REF_TRANSACTION_CLOSED:
+		/* OK */
+		break;
+	case REF_TRANSACTION_PREPARED:
+		BUG("free called on a prepared reference transaction");
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG("unexpected reference transaction state");
+		break;
+	}
+
 	for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
 		free(transaction->updates[i]->msg);
 		free(transaction->updates[i]);
@@ -3636,107 +994,122 @@ void ref_transaction_free(struct ref_transaction *transaction)
 	free(transaction);
 }
 
-static struct ref_update *add_update(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
-				     const char *refname)
+struct ref_update *ref_transaction_add_update(
+		struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+		const char *refname, unsigned int flags,
+		const struct object_id *new_oid,
+		const struct object_id *old_oid,
+		const char *msg)
 {
-	size_t len = strlen(refname);
-	struct ref_update *update = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*update) + len + 1);
+	struct ref_update *update;
 
-	strcpy((char *)update->refname, refname);
+	if (transaction->state != REF_TRANSACTION_OPEN)
+		BUG("update called for transaction that is not open");
+
+	FLEX_ALLOC_STR(update, refname, refname);
 	ALLOC_GROW(transaction->updates, transaction->nr + 1, transaction->alloc);
 	transaction->updates[transaction->nr++] = update;
+
+	update->flags = flags;
+
+	if (flags & REF_HAVE_NEW)
+		oidcpy(&update->new_oid, new_oid);
+	if (flags & REF_HAVE_OLD)
+		oidcpy(&update->old_oid, old_oid);
+	update->msg = xstrdup_or_null(msg);
 	return update;
 }
 
 int ref_transaction_update(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
 			   const char *refname,
-			   const unsigned char *new_sha1,
-			   const unsigned char *old_sha1,
+			   const struct object_id *new_oid,
+			   const struct object_id *old_oid,
 			   unsigned int flags, const char *msg,
 			   struct strbuf *err)
 {
-	struct ref_update *update;
-
 	assert(err);
 
-	if (transaction->state != REF_TRANSACTION_OPEN)
-		die("BUG: update called for transaction that is not open");
-
-	if (new_sha1 && !is_null_sha1(new_sha1) &&
-	    check_refname_format(refname, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL)) {
-		strbuf_addf(err, "refusing to update ref with bad name %s",
+	if ((new_oid && !is_null_oid(new_oid)) ?
+	    check_refname_format(refname, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL) :
+	    !refname_is_safe(refname)) {
+		strbuf_addf(err, _("refusing to update ref with bad name '%s'"),
 			    refname);
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	update = add_update(transaction, refname);
-	if (new_sha1) {
-		hashcpy(update->new_sha1, new_sha1);
-		flags |= REF_HAVE_NEW;
-	}
-	if (old_sha1) {
-		hashcpy(update->old_sha1, old_sha1);
-		flags |= REF_HAVE_OLD;
-	}
-	update->flags = flags;
-	if (msg)
-		update->msg = xstrdup(msg);
+	if (flags & ~REF_TRANSACTION_UPDATE_ALLOWED_FLAGS)
+		BUG("illegal flags 0x%x passed to ref_transaction_update()", flags);
+
+	flags |= (new_oid ? REF_HAVE_NEW : 0) | (old_oid ? REF_HAVE_OLD : 0);
+
+	ref_transaction_add_update(transaction, refname, flags,
+				   new_oid, old_oid, msg);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 int ref_transaction_create(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
 			   const char *refname,
-			   const unsigned char *new_sha1,
+			   const struct object_id *new_oid,
 			   unsigned int flags, const char *msg,
 			   struct strbuf *err)
 {
-	if (!new_sha1 || is_null_sha1(new_sha1))
-		die("BUG: create called without valid new_sha1");
-	return ref_transaction_update(transaction, refname, new_sha1,
-				      null_sha1, flags, msg, err);
+	if (!new_oid || is_null_oid(new_oid))
+		BUG("create called without valid new_oid");
+	return ref_transaction_update(transaction, refname, new_oid,
+				      &null_oid, flags, msg, err);
 }
 
 int ref_transaction_delete(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
 			   const char *refname,
-			   const unsigned char *old_sha1,
+			   const struct object_id *old_oid,
 			   unsigned int flags, const char *msg,
 			   struct strbuf *err)
 {
-	if (old_sha1 && is_null_sha1(old_sha1))
-		die("BUG: delete called with old_sha1 set to zeros");
+	if (old_oid && is_null_oid(old_oid))
+		BUG("delete called with old_oid set to zeros");
 	return ref_transaction_update(transaction, refname,
-				      null_sha1, old_sha1,
+				      &null_oid, old_oid,
 				      flags, msg, err);
 }
 
 int ref_transaction_verify(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
 			   const char *refname,
-			   const unsigned char *old_sha1,
+			   const struct object_id *old_oid,
 			   unsigned int flags,
 			   struct strbuf *err)
 {
-	if (!old_sha1)
-		die("BUG: verify called with old_sha1 set to NULL");
+	if (!old_oid)
+		BUG("verify called with old_oid set to NULL");
 	return ref_transaction_update(transaction, refname,
-				      NULL, old_sha1,
+				      NULL, old_oid,
 				      flags, NULL, err);
 }
 
-int update_ref(const char *msg, const char *refname,
-	       const unsigned char *new_sha1, const unsigned char *old_sha1,
-	       unsigned int flags, enum action_on_err onerr)
+int refs_update_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char *msg,
+		    const char *refname, const struct object_id *new_oid,
+		    const struct object_id *old_oid, unsigned int flags,
+		    enum action_on_err onerr)
 {
-	struct ref_transaction *t;
+	struct ref_transaction *t = NULL;
 	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = 0;
 
-	t = ref_transaction_begin(&err);
-	if (!t ||
-	    ref_transaction_update(t, refname, new_sha1, old_sha1,
-				   flags, msg, &err) ||
-	    ref_transaction_commit(t, &err)) {
-		const char *str = "update_ref failed for ref '%s': %s";
+	if (ref_type(refname) == REF_TYPE_PSEUDOREF) {
+		assert(refs == get_main_ref_store(the_repository));
+		ret = write_pseudoref(refname, new_oid, old_oid, &err);
+	} else {
+		t = ref_store_transaction_begin(refs, &err);
+		if (!t ||
+		    ref_transaction_update(t, refname, new_oid, old_oid,
+					   flags, msg, &err) ||
+		    ref_transaction_commit(t, &err)) {
+			ret = 1;
+			ref_transaction_free(t);
+		}
+	}
+	if (ret) {
+		const char *str = _("update_ref failed for ref '%s': %s");
 
-		ref_transaction_free(t);
 		switch (onerr) {
 		case UPDATE_REFS_MSG_ON_ERR:
 			error(str, refname, err.buf);
@@ -3751,148 +1124,18 @@ int update_ref(const char *msg, const char *refname,
 		return 1;
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&err);
-	ref_transaction_free(t);
+	if (t)
+		ref_transaction_free(t);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int ref_update_compare(const void *r1, const void *r2)
-{
-	const struct ref_update * const *u1 = r1;
-	const struct ref_update * const *u2 = r2;
-	return strcmp((*u1)->refname, (*u2)->refname);
-}
-
-static int ref_update_reject_duplicates(struct ref_update **updates, int n,
-					struct strbuf *err)
+int update_ref(const char *msg, const char *refname,
+	       const struct object_id *new_oid,
+	       const struct object_id *old_oid,
+	       unsigned int flags, enum action_on_err onerr)
 {
-	int i;
-
-	assert(err);
-
-	for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
-		if (!strcmp(updates[i - 1]->refname, updates[i]->refname)) {
-			strbuf_addf(err,
-				    "Multiple updates for ref '%s' not allowed.",
-				    updates[i]->refname);
-			return 1;
-		}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int ref_transaction_commit(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
-			   struct strbuf *err)
-{
-	int ret = 0, i;
-	int n = transaction->nr;
-	struct ref_update **updates = transaction->updates;
-	struct string_list refs_to_delete = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
-	struct string_list_item *ref_to_delete;
-
-	assert(err);
-
-	if (transaction->state != REF_TRANSACTION_OPEN)
-		die("BUG: commit called for transaction that is not open");
-
-	if (!n) {
-		transaction->state = REF_TRANSACTION_CLOSED;
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	/* Copy, sort, and reject duplicate refs */
-	qsort(updates, n, sizeof(*updates), ref_update_compare);
-	if (ref_update_reject_duplicates(updates, n, err)) {
-		ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
-		goto cleanup;
-	}
-
-	/* Acquire all locks while verifying old values */
-	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-		struct ref_update *update = updates[i];
-		unsigned int flags = update->flags;
-
-		if ((flags & REF_HAVE_NEW) && is_null_sha1(update->new_sha1))
-			flags |= REF_DELETING;
-		update->lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(
-				update->refname,
-				((update->flags & REF_HAVE_OLD) ?
-				 update->old_sha1 : NULL),
-				NULL,
-				flags,
-				&update->type);
-		if (!update->lock) {
-			ret = (errno == ENOTDIR)
-				? TRANSACTION_NAME_CONFLICT
-				: TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
-			strbuf_addf(err, "Cannot lock the ref '%s'.",
-				    update->refname);
-			goto cleanup;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Perform updates first so live commits remain referenced */
-	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-		struct ref_update *update = updates[i];
-		int flags = update->flags;
-
-		if ((flags & REF_HAVE_NEW) && !is_null_sha1(update->new_sha1)) {
-			int overwriting_symref = ((update->type & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
-						  (update->flags & REF_NODEREF));
-
-			if (!overwriting_symref
-			    && !hashcmp(update->lock->old_sha1, update->new_sha1)) {
-				/*
-				 * The reference already has the desired
-				 * value, so we don't need to write it.
-				 */
-				unlock_ref(update->lock);
-				update->lock = NULL;
-			} else if (write_ref_sha1(update->lock, update->new_sha1,
-						  update->msg)) {
-				update->lock = NULL; /* freed by write_ref_sha1 */
-				strbuf_addf(err, "Cannot update the ref '%s'.",
-					    update->refname);
-				ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
-				goto cleanup;
-			} else {
-				/* freed by write_ref_sha1(): */
-				update->lock = NULL;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Perform deletes now that updates are safely completed */
-	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-		struct ref_update *update = updates[i];
-		int flags = update->flags;
-
-		if ((flags & REF_HAVE_NEW) && is_null_sha1(update->new_sha1)) {
-			if (delete_ref_loose(update->lock, update->type, err)) {
-				ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
-				goto cleanup;
-			}
-
-			if (!(flags & REF_ISPRUNING))
-				string_list_append(&refs_to_delete,
-						   update->lock->ref_name);
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (repack_without_refs(&refs_to_delete, err)) {
-		ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
-		goto cleanup;
-	}
-	for_each_string_list_item(ref_to_delete, &refs_to_delete)
-		unlink_or_warn(git_path("logs/%s", ref_to_delete->string));
-	clear_loose_ref_cache(&ref_cache);
-
-cleanup:
-	transaction->state = REF_TRANSACTION_CLOSED;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
-		if (updates[i]->lock)
-			unlock_ref(updates[i]->lock);
-	string_list_clear(&refs_to_delete, 0);
-	return ret;
+	return refs_update_ref(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), msg, refname, new_oid,
+			       old_oid, flags, onerr);
 }
 
 char *shorten_unambiguous_ref(const char *refname, int strict)
@@ -3901,6 +1144,7 @@ char *shorten_unambiguous_ref(const char *refname, int strict)
 	static char **scanf_fmts;
 	static int nr_rules;
 	char *short_name;
+	struct strbuf resolved_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (!nr_rules) {
 		/*
@@ -3917,14 +1161,14 @@ char *shorten_unambiguous_ref(const char *refname, int strict)
 			/* -2 for strlen("%.*s") - strlen("%s"); +1 for NUL */
 			total_len += strlen(ref_rev_parse_rules[nr_rules]) - 2 + 1;
 
-		scanf_fmts = xmalloc(nr_rules * sizeof(char *) + total_len);
+		scanf_fmts = xmalloc(st_add(st_mult(sizeof(char *), nr_rules), total_len));
 
 		offset = 0;
 		for (i = 0; i < nr_rules; i++) {
 			assert(offset < total_len);
 			scanf_fmts[i] = (char *)&scanf_fmts[nr_rules] + offset;
-			offset += snprintf(scanf_fmts[i], total_len - offset,
-					   ref_rev_parse_rules[i], 2, "%s") + 1;
+			offset += xsnprintf(scanf_fmts[i], total_len - offset,
+					    ref_rev_parse_rules[i], 2, "%s") + 1;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -3959,7 +1203,6 @@ char *shorten_unambiguous_ref(const char *refname, int strict)
 		 */
 		for (j = 0; j < rules_to_fail; j++) {
 			const char *rule = ref_rev_parse_rules[j];
-			char refname[PATH_MAX];
 
 			/* skip matched rule */
 			if (i == j)
@@ -3970,9 +1213,10 @@ char *shorten_unambiguous_ref(const char *refname, int strict)
 			 * (with this previous rule) to a valid ref
 			 * read_ref() returns 0 on success
 			 */
-			mksnpath(refname, sizeof(refname),
-				 rule, short_name_len, short_name);
-			if (ref_exists(refname))
+			strbuf_reset(&resolved_buf);
+			strbuf_addf(&resolved_buf, rule,
+				    short_name_len, short_name);
+			if (ref_exists(resolved_buf.buf))
 				break;
 		}
 
@@ -3980,10 +1224,13 @@ char *shorten_unambiguous_ref(const char *refname, int strict)
 		 * short name is non-ambiguous if all previous rules
 		 * haven't resolved to a valid ref
 		 */
-		if (j == rules_to_fail)
+		if (j == rules_to_fail) {
+			strbuf_release(&resolved_buf);
 			return short_name;
+		}
 	}
 
+	strbuf_release(&resolved_buf);
 	free(short_name);
 	return xstrdup(refname);
 }
@@ -3992,10 +1239,10 @@ static struct string_list *hide_refs;
 
 int parse_hide_refs_config(const char *var, const char *value, const char *section)
 {
+	const char *key;
 	if (!strcmp("transfer.hiderefs", var) ||
-	    /* NEEDSWORK: use parse_config_key() once both are merged */
-	    (starts_with(var, section) && var[strlen(section)] == '.' &&
-	     !strcmp(var + strlen(section), ".hiderefs"))) {
+	    (!parse_config_key(var, section, NULL, NULL, &key) &&
+	     !strcmp(key, "hiderefs"))) {
 		char *ref;
 		int len;
 
@@ -4014,157 +1261,915 @@ int parse_hide_refs_config(const char *var, const char *value, const char *secti
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int ref_is_hidden(const char *refname)
+int ref_is_hidden(const char *refname, const char *refname_full)
 {
-	struct string_list_item *item;
+	int i;
 
 	if (!hide_refs)
 		return 0;
-	for_each_string_list_item(item, hide_refs) {
-		int len;
-		if (!starts_with(refname, item->string))
-			continue;
-		len = strlen(item->string);
-		if (!refname[len] || refname[len] == '/')
-			return 1;
+	for (i = hide_refs->nr - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+		const char *match = hide_refs->items[i].string;
+		const char *subject;
+		int neg = 0;
+		const char *p;
+
+		if (*match == '!') {
+			neg = 1;
+			match++;
+		}
+
+		if (*match == '^') {
+			subject = refname_full;
+			match++;
+		} else {
+			subject = refname;
+		}
+
+		/* refname can be NULL when namespaces are used. */
+		if (subject &&
+		    skip_prefix(subject, match, &p) &&
+		    (!*p || *p == '/'))
+			return !neg;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-struct expire_reflog_cb {
-	unsigned int flags;
-	reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn *should_prune_fn;
-	void *policy_cb;
-	FILE *newlog;
-	unsigned char last_kept_sha1[20];
-};
-
-static int expire_reflog_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
-			     const char *email, unsigned long timestamp, int tz,
-			     const char *message, void *cb_data)
+const char *find_descendant_ref(const char *dirname,
+				const struct string_list *extras,
+				const struct string_list *skip)
 {
-	struct expire_reflog_cb *cb = cb_data;
-	struct expire_reflog_policy_cb *policy_cb = cb->policy_cb;
-
-	if (cb->flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_REWRITE)
-		osha1 = cb->last_kept_sha1;
-
-	if ((*cb->should_prune_fn)(osha1, nsha1, email, timestamp, tz,
-				   message, policy_cb)) {
-		if (!cb->newlog)
-			printf("would prune %s", message);
-		else if (cb->flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_VERBOSE)
-			printf("prune %s", message);
-	} else {
-		if (cb->newlog) {
-			fprintf(cb->newlog, "%s %s %s %lu %+05d\t%s",
-				sha1_to_hex(osha1), sha1_to_hex(nsha1),
-				email, timestamp, tz, message);
-			hashcpy(cb->last_kept_sha1, nsha1);
-		}
-		if (cb->flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_VERBOSE)
-			printf("keep %s", message);
+	int pos;
+
+	if (!extras)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Look at the place where dirname would be inserted into
+	 * extras. If there is an entry at that position that starts
+	 * with dirname (remember, dirname includes the trailing
+	 * slash) and is not in skip, then we have a conflict.
+	 */
+	for (pos = string_list_find_insert_index(extras, dirname, 0);
+	     pos < extras->nr; pos++) {
+		const char *extra_refname = extras->items[pos].string;
+
+		if (!starts_with(extra_refname, dirname))
+			break;
+
+		if (!skip || !string_list_has_string(skip, extra_refname))
+			return extra_refname;
 	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+int refs_rename_ref_available(struct ref_store *refs,
+			      const char *old_refname,
+			      const char *new_refname)
+{
+	struct string_list skip = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ok;
+
+	string_list_insert(&skip, old_refname);
+	ok = !refs_verify_refname_available(refs, new_refname,
+					    NULL, &skip, &err);
+	if (!ok)
+		error("%s", err.buf);
+
+	string_list_clear(&skip, 0);
+	strbuf_release(&err);
+	return ok;
+}
+
+int refs_head_ref(struct ref_store *refs, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct object_id oid;
+	int flag;
+
+	if (!refs_read_ref_full(refs, "HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING,
+				&oid, &flag))
+		return fn("HEAD", &oid, flag, cb_data);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int reflog_expire(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
-		 unsigned int flags,
-		 reflog_expiry_prepare_fn prepare_fn,
-		 reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn should_prune_fn,
-		 reflog_expiry_cleanup_fn cleanup_fn,
-		 void *policy_cb_data)
+int head_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return refs_head_ref(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), fn, cb_data);
+}
+
+struct ref_iterator *refs_ref_iterator_begin(
+		struct ref_store *refs,
+		const char *prefix, int trim, int flags)
 {
-	static struct lock_file reflog_lock;
-	struct expire_reflog_cb cb;
-	struct ref_lock *lock;
-	char *log_file;
-	int status = 0;
-	int type;
+	struct ref_iterator *iter;
 
-	memset(&cb, 0, sizeof(cb));
-	cb.flags = flags;
-	cb.policy_cb = policy_cb_data;
-	cb.should_prune_fn = should_prune_fn;
+	if (ref_paranoia < 0)
+		ref_paranoia = git_env_bool("GIT_REF_PARANOIA", 0);
+	if (ref_paranoia)
+		flags |= DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN;
+
+	iter = refs->be->iterator_begin(refs, prefix, flags);
 
 	/*
-	 * The reflog file is locked by holding the lock on the
-	 * reference itself, plus we might need to update the
-	 * reference if --updateref was specified:
+	 * `iterator_begin()` already takes care of prefix, but we
+	 * might need to do some trimming:
 	 */
-	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(refname, sha1, NULL, 0, &type);
-	if (!lock)
-		return error("cannot lock ref '%s'", refname);
-	if (!reflog_exists(refname)) {
-		unlock_ref(lock);
+	if (trim)
+		iter = prefix_ref_iterator_begin(iter, "", trim);
+
+	/* Sanity check for subclasses: */
+	if (!iter->ordered)
+		BUG("reference iterator is not ordered");
+
+	return iter;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Call fn for each reference in the specified submodule for which the
+ * refname begins with prefix. If trim is non-zero, then trim that
+ * many characters off the beginning of each refname before passing
+ * the refname to fn. flags can be DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN to
+ * include broken references in the iteration. If fn ever returns a
+ * non-zero value, stop the iteration and return that value;
+ * otherwise, return 0.
+ */
+static int do_for_each_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char *prefix,
+			   each_ref_fn fn, int trim, int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct ref_iterator *iter;
+
+	if (!refs)
 		return 0;
-	}
 
-	log_file = git_pathdup("logs/%s", refname);
-	if (!(flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_DRY_RUN)) {
+	iter = refs_ref_iterator_begin(refs, prefix, trim, flags);
+
+	return do_for_each_ref_iterator(iter, fn, cb_data);
+}
+
+int refs_for_each_ref(struct ref_store *refs, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return do_for_each_ref(refs, "", fn, 0, 0, cb_data);
+}
+
+int for_each_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return refs_for_each_ref(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), fn, cb_data);
+}
+
+int refs_for_each_ref_in(struct ref_store *refs, const char *prefix,
+			 each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return do_for_each_ref(refs, prefix, fn, strlen(prefix), 0, cb_data);
+}
+
+int for_each_ref_in(const char *prefix, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return refs_for_each_ref_in(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), prefix, fn, cb_data);
+}
+
+int for_each_fullref_in(const char *prefix, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data, unsigned int broken)
+{
+	unsigned int flag = 0;
+
+	if (broken)
+		flag = DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN;
+	return do_for_each_ref(get_main_ref_store(the_repository),
+			       prefix, fn, 0, flag, cb_data);
+}
+
+int refs_for_each_fullref_in(struct ref_store *refs, const char *prefix,
+			     each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data,
+			     unsigned int broken)
+{
+	unsigned int flag = 0;
+
+	if (broken)
+		flag = DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN;
+	return do_for_each_ref(refs, prefix, fn, 0, flag, cb_data);
+}
+
+int for_each_replace_ref(struct repository *r, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return do_for_each_ref(get_main_ref_store(r),
+			       git_replace_ref_base, fn,
+			       strlen(git_replace_ref_base),
+			       DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN, cb_data);
+}
+
+int for_each_namespaced_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret;
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%srefs/", get_git_namespace());
+	ret = do_for_each_ref(get_main_ref_store(the_repository),
+			      buf.buf, fn, 0, 0, cb_data);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int refs_for_each_rawref(struct ref_store *refs, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return do_for_each_ref(refs, "", fn, 0,
+			       DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN, cb_data);
+}
+
+int for_each_rawref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return refs_for_each_rawref(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), fn, cb_data);
+}
+
+int refs_read_raw_ref(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+		      const char *refname, struct object_id *oid,
+		      struct strbuf *referent, unsigned int *type)
+{
+	return ref_store->be->read_raw_ref(ref_store, refname, oid, referent, type);
+}
+
+/* This function needs to return a meaningful errno on failure */
+const char *refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(struct ref_store *refs,
+				    const char *refname,
+				    int resolve_flags,
+				    struct object_id *oid, int *flags)
+{
+	static struct strbuf sb_refname = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct object_id unused_oid;
+	int unused_flags;
+	int symref_count;
+
+	if (!oid)
+		oid = &unused_oid;
+	if (!flags)
+		flags = &unused_flags;
+
+	*flags = 0;
+
+	if (check_refname_format(refname, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL)) {
+		if (!(resolve_flags & RESOLVE_REF_ALLOW_BAD_NAME) ||
+		    !refname_is_safe(refname)) {
+			errno = EINVAL;
+			return NULL;
+		}
+
 		/*
-		 * Even though holding $GIT_DIR/logs/$reflog.lock has
-		 * no locking implications, we use the lock_file
-		 * machinery here anyway because it does a lot of the
-		 * work we need, including cleaning up if the program
-		 * exits unexpectedly.
+		 * dwim_ref() uses REF_ISBROKEN to distinguish between
+		 * missing refs and refs that were present but invalid,
+		 * to complain about the latter to stderr.
+		 *
+		 * We don't know whether the ref exists, so don't set
+		 * REF_ISBROKEN yet.
 		 */
-		if (hold_lock_file_for_update(&reflog_lock, log_file, 0) < 0) {
-			struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
-			unable_to_lock_message(log_file, errno, &err);
-			error("%s", err.buf);
-			strbuf_release(&err);
-			goto failure;
+		*flags |= REF_BAD_NAME;
+	}
+
+	for (symref_count = 0; symref_count < SYMREF_MAXDEPTH; symref_count++) {
+		unsigned int read_flags = 0;
+
+		if (refs_read_raw_ref(refs, refname,
+				      oid, &sb_refname, &read_flags)) {
+			*flags |= read_flags;
+
+			/* In reading mode, refs must eventually resolve */
+			if (resolve_flags & RESOLVE_REF_READING)
+				return NULL;
+
+			/*
+			 * Otherwise a missing ref is OK. But the files backend
+			 * may show errors besides ENOENT if there are
+			 * similarly-named refs.
+			 */
+			if (errno != ENOENT &&
+			    errno != EISDIR &&
+			    errno != ENOTDIR)
+				return NULL;
+
+			oidclr(oid);
+			if (*flags & REF_BAD_NAME)
+				*flags |= REF_ISBROKEN;
+			return refname;
+		}
+
+		*flags |= read_flags;
+
+		if (!(read_flags & REF_ISSYMREF)) {
+			if (*flags & REF_BAD_NAME) {
+				oidclr(oid);
+				*flags |= REF_ISBROKEN;
+			}
+			return refname;
 		}
-		cb.newlog = fdopen_lock_file(&reflog_lock, "w");
-		if (!cb.newlog) {
-			error("cannot fdopen %s (%s)",
-			      reflog_lock.filename.buf, strerror(errno));
-			goto failure;
+
+		refname = sb_refname.buf;
+		if (resolve_flags & RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE) {
+			oidclr(oid);
+			return refname;
+		}
+		if (check_refname_format(refname, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL)) {
+			if (!(resolve_flags & RESOLVE_REF_ALLOW_BAD_NAME) ||
+			    !refname_is_safe(refname)) {
+				errno = EINVAL;
+				return NULL;
+			}
+
+			*flags |= REF_ISBROKEN | REF_BAD_NAME;
+		}
+	}
+
+	errno = ELOOP;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* backend functions */
+int refs_init_db(struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct ref_store *refs = get_main_ref_store(the_repository);
+
+	return refs->be->init_db(refs, err);
+}
+
+const char *resolve_ref_unsafe(const char *refname, int resolve_flags,
+			       struct object_id *oid, int *flags)
+{
+	return refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), refname,
+				       resolve_flags, oid, flags);
+}
+
+int resolve_gitlink_ref(const char *submodule, const char *refname,
+			struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	struct ref_store *refs;
+	int flags;
+
+	refs = get_submodule_ref_store(submodule);
+
+	if (!refs)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (!refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(refs, refname, 0, oid, &flags) ||
+	    is_null_oid(oid))
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct ref_store_hash_entry
+{
+	struct hashmap_entry ent; /* must be the first member! */
+
+	struct ref_store *refs;
+
+	/* NUL-terminated identifier of the ref store: */
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+
+static int ref_store_hash_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+			      const void *entry, const void *entry_or_key,
+			      const void *keydata)
+{
+	const struct ref_store_hash_entry *e1 = entry, *e2 = entry_or_key;
+	const char *name = keydata ? keydata : e2->name;
+
+	return strcmp(e1->name, name);
+}
+
+static struct ref_store_hash_entry *alloc_ref_store_hash_entry(
+		const char *name, struct ref_store *refs)
+{
+	struct ref_store_hash_entry *entry;
+
+	FLEX_ALLOC_STR(entry, name, name);
+	hashmap_entry_init(entry, strhash(name));
+	entry->refs = refs;
+	return entry;
+}
+
+/* A hashmap of ref_stores, stored by submodule name: */
+static struct hashmap submodule_ref_stores;
+
+/* A hashmap of ref_stores, stored by worktree id: */
+static struct hashmap worktree_ref_stores;
+
+/*
+ * Look up a ref store by name. If that ref_store hasn't been
+ * registered yet, return NULL.
+ */
+static struct ref_store *lookup_ref_store_map(struct hashmap *map,
+					      const char *name)
+{
+	struct ref_store_hash_entry *entry;
+
+	if (!map->tablesize)
+		/* It's initialized on demand in register_ref_store(). */
+		return NULL;
+
+	entry = hashmap_get_from_hash(map, strhash(name), name);
+	return entry ? entry->refs : NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create, record, and return a ref_store instance for the specified
+ * gitdir.
+ */
+static struct ref_store *ref_store_init(const char *gitdir,
+					unsigned int flags)
+{
+	const char *be_name = "files";
+	struct ref_storage_be *be = find_ref_storage_backend(be_name);
+	struct ref_store *refs;
+
+	if (!be)
+		BUG("reference backend %s is unknown", be_name);
+
+	refs = be->init(gitdir, flags);
+	return refs;
+}
+
+struct ref_store *get_main_ref_store(struct repository *r)
+{
+	if (r->refs)
+		return r->refs;
+
+	if (!r->gitdir)
+		BUG("attempting to get main_ref_store outside of repository");
+
+	r->refs = ref_store_init(r->gitdir, REF_STORE_ALL_CAPS);
+	return r->refs;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Associate a ref store with a name. It is a fatal error to call this
+ * function twice for the same name.
+ */
+static void register_ref_store_map(struct hashmap *map,
+				   const char *type,
+				   struct ref_store *refs,
+				   const char *name)
+{
+	if (!map->tablesize)
+		hashmap_init(map, ref_store_hash_cmp, NULL, 0);
+
+	if (hashmap_put(map, alloc_ref_store_hash_entry(name, refs)))
+		BUG("%s ref_store '%s' initialized twice", type, name);
+}
+
+struct ref_store *get_submodule_ref_store(const char *submodule)
+{
+	struct strbuf submodule_sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct ref_store *refs;
+	char *to_free = NULL;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (!submodule)
+		return NULL;
+
+	len = strlen(submodule);
+	while (len && is_dir_sep(submodule[len - 1]))
+		len--;
+	if (!len)
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (submodule[len])
+		/* We need to strip off one or more trailing slashes */
+		submodule = to_free = xmemdupz(submodule, len);
+
+	refs = lookup_ref_store_map(&submodule_ref_stores, submodule);
+	if (refs)
+		goto done;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&submodule_sb, submodule);
+	if (!is_nonbare_repository_dir(&submodule_sb))
+		goto done;
+
+	if (submodule_to_gitdir(&submodule_sb, submodule))
+		goto done;
+
+	/* assume that add_submodule_odb() has been called */
+	refs = ref_store_init(submodule_sb.buf,
+			      REF_STORE_READ | REF_STORE_ODB);
+	register_ref_store_map(&submodule_ref_stores, "submodule",
+			       refs, submodule);
+
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&submodule_sb);
+	free(to_free);
+
+	return refs;
+}
+
+struct ref_store *get_worktree_ref_store(const struct worktree *wt)
+{
+	struct ref_store *refs;
+	const char *id;
+
+	if (wt->is_current)
+		return get_main_ref_store(the_repository);
+
+	id = wt->id ? wt->id : "/";
+	refs = lookup_ref_store_map(&worktree_ref_stores, id);
+	if (refs)
+		return refs;
+
+	if (wt->id)
+		refs = ref_store_init(git_common_path("worktrees/%s", wt->id),
+				      REF_STORE_ALL_CAPS);
+	else
+		refs = ref_store_init(get_git_common_dir(),
+				      REF_STORE_ALL_CAPS);
+
+	if (refs)
+		register_ref_store_map(&worktree_ref_stores, "worktree",
+				       refs, id);
+	return refs;
+}
+
+void base_ref_store_init(struct ref_store *refs,
+			 const struct ref_storage_be *be)
+{
+	refs->be = be;
+}
+
+/* backend functions */
+int refs_pack_refs(struct ref_store *refs, unsigned int flags)
+{
+	return refs->be->pack_refs(refs, flags);
+}
+
+int refs_peel_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char *refname,
+		  struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	int flag;
+	struct object_id base;
+
+	if (current_ref_iter && current_ref_iter->refname == refname) {
+		struct object_id peeled;
+
+		if (ref_iterator_peel(current_ref_iter, &peeled))
+			return -1;
+		oidcpy(oid, &peeled);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (refs_read_ref_full(refs, refname,
+			       RESOLVE_REF_READING, &base, &flag))
+		return -1;
+
+	return peel_object(&base, oid);
+}
+
+int peel_ref(const char *refname, struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	return refs_peel_ref(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), refname, oid);
+}
+
+int refs_create_symref(struct ref_store *refs,
+		       const char *ref_target,
+		       const char *refs_heads_master,
+		       const char *logmsg)
+{
+	return refs->be->create_symref(refs, ref_target,
+				       refs_heads_master,
+				       logmsg);
+}
+
+int create_symref(const char *ref_target, const char *refs_heads_master,
+		  const char *logmsg)
+{
+	return refs_create_symref(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), ref_target,
+				  refs_heads_master, logmsg);
+}
+
+int ref_update_reject_duplicates(struct string_list *refnames,
+				 struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	size_t i, n = refnames->nr;
+
+	assert(err);
+
+	for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
+		int cmp = strcmp(refnames->items[i - 1].string,
+				 refnames->items[i].string);
+
+		if (!cmp) {
+			strbuf_addf(err,
+				    _("multiple updates for ref '%s' not allowed"),
+				    refnames->items[i].string);
+			return 1;
+		} else if (cmp > 0) {
+			BUG("ref_update_reject_duplicates() received unsorted list");
 		}
 	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int ref_transaction_prepare(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+			    struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct ref_store *refs = transaction->ref_store;
+
+	switch (transaction->state) {
+	case REF_TRANSACTION_OPEN:
+		/* Good. */
+		break;
+	case REF_TRANSACTION_PREPARED:
+		BUG("prepare called twice on reference transaction");
+		break;
+	case REF_TRANSACTION_CLOSED:
+		BUG("prepare called on a closed reference transaction");
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG("unexpected reference transaction state");
+		break;
+	}
 
-	(*prepare_fn)(refname, sha1, cb.policy_cb);
-	for_each_reflog_ent(refname, expire_reflog_ent, &cb);
-	(*cleanup_fn)(cb.policy_cb);
+	if (getenv(GIT_QUARANTINE_ENVIRONMENT)) {
+		strbuf_addstr(err,
+			      _("ref updates forbidden inside quarantine environment"));
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return refs->be->transaction_prepare(refs, transaction, err);
+}
+
+int ref_transaction_abort(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+			  struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct ref_store *refs = transaction->ref_store;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	switch (transaction->state) {
+	case REF_TRANSACTION_OPEN:
+		/* No need to abort explicitly. */
+		break;
+	case REF_TRANSACTION_PREPARED:
+		ret = refs->be->transaction_abort(refs, transaction, err);
+		break;
+	case REF_TRANSACTION_CLOSED:
+		BUG("abort called on a closed reference transaction");
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG("unexpected reference transaction state");
+		break;
+	}
+
+	ref_transaction_free(transaction);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int ref_transaction_commit(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+			   struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct ref_store *refs = transaction->ref_store;
+	int ret;
+
+	switch (transaction->state) {
+	case REF_TRANSACTION_OPEN:
+		/* Need to prepare first. */
+		ret = ref_transaction_prepare(transaction, err);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+		break;
+	case REF_TRANSACTION_PREPARED:
+		/* Fall through to finish. */
+		break;
+	case REF_TRANSACTION_CLOSED:
+		BUG("commit called on a closed reference transaction");
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG("unexpected reference transaction state");
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return refs->be->transaction_finish(refs, transaction, err);
+}
+
+int refs_verify_refname_available(struct ref_store *refs,
+				  const char *refname,
+				  const struct string_list *extras,
+				  const struct string_list *skip,
+				  struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	const char *slash;
+	const char *extra_refname;
+	struct strbuf dirname = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf referent = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct object_id oid;
+	unsigned int type;
+	struct ref_iterator *iter;
+	int ok;
+	int ret = -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * For the sake of comments in this function, suppose that
+	 * refname is "refs/foo/bar".
+	 */
+
+	assert(err);
+
+	strbuf_grow(&dirname, strlen(refname) + 1);
+	for (slash = strchr(refname, '/'); slash; slash = strchr(slash + 1, '/')) {
+		/* Expand dirname to the new prefix, not including the trailing slash: */
+		strbuf_add(&dirname, refname + dirname.len, slash - refname - dirname.len);
 
-	if (!(flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_DRY_RUN)) {
 		/*
-		 * It doesn't make sense to adjust a reference pointed
-		 * to by a symbolic ref based on expiring entries in
-		 * the symbolic reference's reflog. Nor can we update
-		 * a reference if there are no remaining reflog
-		 * entries.
+		 * We are still at a leading dir of the refname (e.g.,
+		 * "refs/foo"; if there is a reference with that name,
+		 * it is a conflict, *unless* it is in skip.
 		 */
-		int update = (flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_UPDATE_REF) &&
-			!(type & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
-			!is_null_sha1(cb.last_kept_sha1);
-
-		if (close_lock_file(&reflog_lock)) {
-			status |= error("couldn't write %s: %s", log_file,
-					strerror(errno));
-		} else if (update &&
-			(write_in_full(lock->lock_fd,
-				sha1_to_hex(cb.last_kept_sha1), 40) != 40 ||
-			 write_str_in_full(lock->lock_fd, "\n") != 1 ||
-			 close_ref(lock) < 0)) {
-			status |= error("couldn't write %s",
-					lock->lk->filename.buf);
-			rollback_lock_file(&reflog_lock);
-		} else if (commit_lock_file(&reflog_lock)) {
-			status |= error("unable to commit reflog '%s' (%s)",
-					log_file, strerror(errno));
-		} else if (update && commit_ref(lock)) {
-			status |= error("couldn't set %s", lock->ref_name);
+		if (skip && string_list_has_string(skip, dirname.buf))
+			continue;
+
+		if (!refs_read_raw_ref(refs, dirname.buf, &oid, &referent, &type)) {
+			strbuf_addf(err, _("'%s' exists; cannot create '%s'"),
+				    dirname.buf, refname);
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+
+		if (extras && string_list_has_string(extras, dirname.buf)) {
+			strbuf_addf(err, _("cannot process '%s' and '%s' at the same time"),
+				    refname, dirname.buf);
+			goto cleanup;
 		}
 	}
-	free(log_file);
-	unlock_ref(lock);
-	return status;
-
- failure:
-	rollback_lock_file(&reflog_lock);
-	free(log_file);
-	unlock_ref(lock);
-	return -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * We are at the leaf of our refname (e.g., "refs/foo/bar").
+	 * There is no point in searching for a reference with that
+	 * name, because a refname isn't considered to conflict with
+	 * itself. But we still need to check for references whose
+	 * names are in the "refs/foo/bar/" namespace, because they
+	 * *do* conflict.
+	 */
+	strbuf_addstr(&dirname, refname + dirname.len);
+	strbuf_addch(&dirname, '/');
+
+	iter = refs_ref_iterator_begin(refs, dirname.buf, 0,
+				       DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN);
+	while ((ok = ref_iterator_advance(iter)) == ITER_OK) {
+		if (skip &&
+		    string_list_has_string(skip, iter->refname))
+			continue;
+
+		strbuf_addf(err, _("'%s' exists; cannot create '%s'"),
+			    iter->refname, refname);
+		ref_iterator_abort(iter);
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	if (ok != ITER_DONE)
+		BUG("error while iterating over references");
+
+	extra_refname = find_descendant_ref(dirname.buf, extras, skip);
+	if (extra_refname)
+		strbuf_addf(err, _("cannot process '%s' and '%s' at the same time"),
+			    refname, extra_refname);
+	else
+		ret = 0;
+
+cleanup:
+	strbuf_release(&referent);
+	strbuf_release(&dirname);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int refs_for_each_reflog(struct ref_store *refs, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct ref_iterator *iter;
+
+	iter = refs->be->reflog_iterator_begin(refs);
+
+	return do_for_each_ref_iterator(iter, fn, cb_data);
+}
+
+int for_each_reflog(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return refs_for_each_reflog(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), fn, cb_data);
+}
+
+int refs_for_each_reflog_ent_reverse(struct ref_store *refs,
+				     const char *refname,
+				     each_reflog_ent_fn fn,
+				     void *cb_data)
+{
+	return refs->be->for_each_reflog_ent_reverse(refs, refname,
+						     fn, cb_data);
+}
+
+int for_each_reflog_ent_reverse(const char *refname, each_reflog_ent_fn fn,
+				void *cb_data)
+{
+	return refs_for_each_reflog_ent_reverse(get_main_ref_store(the_repository),
+						refname, fn, cb_data);
+}
+
+int refs_for_each_reflog_ent(struct ref_store *refs, const char *refname,
+			     each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return refs->be->for_each_reflog_ent(refs, refname, fn, cb_data);
+}
+
+int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *refname, each_reflog_ent_fn fn,
+			void *cb_data)
+{
+	return refs_for_each_reflog_ent(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), refname,
+					fn, cb_data);
+}
+
+int refs_reflog_exists(struct ref_store *refs, const char *refname)
+{
+	return refs->be->reflog_exists(refs, refname);
+}
+
+int reflog_exists(const char *refname)
+{
+	return refs_reflog_exists(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), refname);
+}
+
+int refs_create_reflog(struct ref_store *refs, const char *refname,
+		       int force_create, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	return refs->be->create_reflog(refs, refname, force_create, err);
+}
+
+int safe_create_reflog(const char *refname, int force_create,
+		       struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	return refs_create_reflog(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), refname,
+				  force_create, err);
+}
+
+int refs_delete_reflog(struct ref_store *refs, const char *refname)
+{
+	return refs->be->delete_reflog(refs, refname);
+}
+
+int delete_reflog(const char *refname)
+{
+	return refs_delete_reflog(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), refname);
+}
+
+int refs_reflog_expire(struct ref_store *refs,
+		       const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+		       unsigned int flags,
+		       reflog_expiry_prepare_fn prepare_fn,
+		       reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn should_prune_fn,
+		       reflog_expiry_cleanup_fn cleanup_fn,
+		       void *policy_cb_data)
+{
+	return refs->be->reflog_expire(refs, refname, oid, flags,
+				       prepare_fn, should_prune_fn,
+				       cleanup_fn, policy_cb_data);
+}
+
+int reflog_expire(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+		  unsigned int flags,
+		  reflog_expiry_prepare_fn prepare_fn,
+		  reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn should_prune_fn,
+		  reflog_expiry_cleanup_fn cleanup_fn,
+		  void *policy_cb_data)
+{
+	return refs_reflog_expire(get_main_ref_store(the_repository),
+				  refname, oid, flags,
+				  prepare_fn, should_prune_fn,
+				  cleanup_fn, policy_cb_data);
+}
+
+int initial_ref_transaction_commit(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+				   struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct ref_store *refs = transaction->ref_store;
+
+	return refs->be->initial_transaction_commit(refs, transaction, err);
+}
+
+int refs_delete_refs(struct ref_store *refs, const char *msg,
+		     struct string_list *refnames, unsigned int flags)
+{
+	return refs->be->delete_refs(refs, msg, refnames, flags);
+}
+
+int delete_refs(const char *msg, struct string_list *refnames,
+		unsigned int flags)
+{
+	return refs_delete_refs(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), msg, refnames, flags);
+}
+
+int refs_rename_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char *oldref,
+		    const char *newref, const char *logmsg)
+{
+	return refs->be->rename_ref(refs, oldref, newref, logmsg);
+}
+
+int rename_ref(const char *oldref, const char *newref, const char *logmsg)
+{
+	return refs_rename_ref(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), oldref, newref, logmsg);
+}
+
+int refs_copy_existing_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char *oldref,
+		    const char *newref, const char *logmsg)
+{
+	return refs->be->copy_ref(refs, oldref, newref, logmsg);
+}
+
+int copy_existing_ref(const char *oldref, const char *newref, const char *logmsg)
+{
+	return refs_copy_existing_ref(get_main_ref_store(the_repository), oldref, newref, logmsg);
 }
diff --git a/refs.h b/refs.h
index cf642e6ddc..bd52c1bbae 100644
--- a/refs.h
+++ b/refs.h
@@ -1,26 +1,223 @@
 #ifndef REFS_H
 #define REFS_H
 
+struct object_id;
+struct ref_store;
+struct repository;
+struct strbuf;
+struct string_list;
+struct string_list_item;
+struct worktree;
+
+/*
+ * Resolve a reference, recursively following symbolic refererences.
+ *
+ * Return the name of the non-symbolic reference that ultimately pointed
+ * at the resolved object name.  The return value, if not NULL, is a
+ * pointer into either a static buffer or the input ref.
+ *
+ * If oid is non-NULL, store the referred-to object's name in it.
+ *
+ * If the reference cannot be resolved to an object, the behavior
+ * depends on the RESOLVE_REF_READING flag:
+ *
+ * - If RESOLVE_REF_READING is set, return NULL.
+ *
+ * - If RESOLVE_REF_READING is not set, clear oid and return the name of
+ *   the last reference name in the chain, which will either be a non-symbolic
+ *   reference or an undefined reference.  If this is a prelude to
+ *   "writing" to the ref, the return value is the name of the ref
+ *   that will actually be created or changed.
+ *
+ * If the RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE flag is passed, only resolves one
+ * level of symbolic reference.  The value stored in oid for a symbolic
+ * reference will always be null_oid in this case, and the return
+ * value is the reference that the symref refers to directly.
+ *
+ * If flags is non-NULL, set the value that it points to the
+ * combination of REF_ISPACKED (if the reference was found among the
+ * packed references), REF_ISSYMREF (if the initial reference was a
+ * symbolic reference), REF_BAD_NAME (if the reference name is ill
+ * formed --- see RESOLVE_REF_ALLOW_BAD_NAME below), and REF_ISBROKEN
+ * (if the ref is malformed or has a bad name). See refs.h for more detail
+ * on each flag.
+ *
+ * If ref is not a properly-formatted, normalized reference, return
+ * NULL.  If more than MAXDEPTH recursive symbolic lookups are needed,
+ * give up and return NULL.
+ *
+ * RESOLVE_REF_ALLOW_BAD_NAME allows resolving refs even when their
+ * name is invalid according to git-check-ref-format(1).  If the name
+ * is bad then the value stored in oid will be null_oid and the two
+ * flags REF_ISBROKEN and REF_BAD_NAME will be set.
+ *
+ * Even with RESOLVE_REF_ALLOW_BAD_NAME, names that escape the refs/
+ * directory and do not consist of all caps and underscores cannot be
+ * resolved. The function returns NULL for such ref names.
+ * Caps and underscores refers to the special refs, such as HEAD,
+ * FETCH_HEAD and friends, that all live outside of the refs/ directory.
+ */
+#define RESOLVE_REF_READING 0x01
+#define RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE 0x02
+#define RESOLVE_REF_ALLOW_BAD_NAME 0x04
+
+const char *refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(struct ref_store *refs,
+				    const char *refname,
+				    int resolve_flags,
+				    struct object_id *oid,
+				    int *flags);
+const char *resolve_ref_unsafe(const char *refname, int resolve_flags,
+			       struct object_id *oid, int *flags);
+
+char *refs_resolve_refdup(struct ref_store *refs,
+			  const char *refname, int resolve_flags,
+			  struct object_id *oid, int *flags);
+char *resolve_refdup(const char *refname, int resolve_flags,
+		     struct object_id *oid, int *flags);
+
+int refs_read_ref_full(struct ref_store *refs, const char *refname,
+		       int resolve_flags, struct object_id *oid, int *flags);
+int read_ref_full(const char *refname, int resolve_flags,
+		  struct object_id *oid, int *flags);
+int read_ref(const char *refname, struct object_id *oid);
+
+/*
+ * Return 0 if a reference named refname could be created without
+ * conflicting with the name of an existing reference. Otherwise,
+ * return a negative value and write an explanation to err. If extras
+ * is non-NULL, it is a list of additional refnames with which refname
+ * is not allowed to conflict. If skip is non-NULL, ignore potential
+ * conflicts with refs in skip (e.g., because they are scheduled for
+ * deletion in the same operation). Behavior is undefined if the same
+ * name is listed in both extras and skip.
+ *
+ * Two reference names conflict if one of them exactly matches the
+ * leading components of the other; e.g., "foo/bar" conflicts with
+ * both "foo" and with "foo/bar/baz" but not with "foo/bar" or
+ * "foo/barbados".
+ *
+ * extras and skip must be sorted.
+ */
+
+int refs_verify_refname_available(struct ref_store *refs,
+				  const char *refname,
+				  const struct string_list *extras,
+				  const struct string_list *skip,
+				  struct strbuf *err);
+
+int ref_exists(const char *refname);
+
+int should_autocreate_reflog(const char *refname);
+
+int is_branch(const char *refname);
+
+extern int refs_init_db(struct strbuf *err);
+
+/*
+ * If refname is a non-symbolic reference that refers to a tag object,
+ * and the tag can be (recursively) dereferenced to a non-tag object,
+ * store the object ID of the referred-to object to oid and return 0.
+ * If any of these conditions are not met, return a non-zero value.
+ * Symbolic references are considered unpeelable, even if they
+ * ultimately resolve to a peelable tag.
+ */
+int refs_peel_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char *refname,
+		  struct object_id *oid);
+int peel_ref(const char *refname, struct object_id *oid);
+
+/**
+ * Resolve refname in the nested "gitlink" repository in the specified
+ * submodule (which must be non-NULL). If the resolution is
+ * successful, return 0 and set oid to the name of the object;
+ * otherwise, return a non-zero value.
+ */
+int resolve_gitlink_ref(const char *submodule, const char *refname,
+			struct object_id *oid);
+
 /*
- * A ref_transaction represents a collection of ref updates
- * that should succeed or fail together.
+ * Return true iff abbrev_name is a possible abbreviation for
+ * full_name according to the rules defined by ref_rev_parse_rules in
+ * refs.c.
+ */
+int refname_match(const char *abbrev_name, const char *full_name);
+
+/*
+ * Given a 'prefix' expand it by the rules in 'ref_rev_parse_rules' and add
+ * the results to 'prefixes'
+ */
+struct argv_array;
+void expand_ref_prefix(struct argv_array *prefixes, const char *prefix);
+
+int expand_ref(const char *str, int len, struct object_id *oid, char **ref);
+int dwim_ref(const char *str, int len, struct object_id *oid, char **ref);
+int dwim_log(const char *str, int len, struct object_id *oid, char **ref);
+
+/*
+ * A ref_transaction represents a collection of reference updates that
+ * should succeed or fail together.
  *
  * Calling sequence
  * ----------------
+ *
  * - Allocate and initialize a `struct ref_transaction` by calling
  *   `ref_transaction_begin()`.
  *
- * - List intended ref updates by calling functions like
- *   `ref_transaction_update()` and `ref_transaction_create()`.
+ * - Specify the intended ref updates by calling one or more of the
+ *   following functions:
+ *   - `ref_transaction_update()`
+ *   - `ref_transaction_create()`
+ *   - `ref_transaction_delete()`
+ *   - `ref_transaction_verify()`
+ *
+ * - Then either:
+ *
+ *   - Optionally call `ref_transaction_prepare()` to prepare the
+ *     transaction. This locks all references, checks preconditions,
+ *     etc. but doesn't finalize anything. If this step fails, the
+ *     transaction has been closed and can only be freed. If this step
+ *     succeeds, then `ref_transaction_commit()` is almost certain to
+ *     succeed. However, you can still call `ref_transaction_abort()`
+ *     if you decide not to commit the transaction after all.
+ *
+ *   - Call `ref_transaction_commit()` to execute the transaction,
+ *     make the changes permanent, and release all locks. If you
+ *     haven't already called `ref_transaction_prepare()`, then
+ *     `ref_transaction_commit()` calls it for you.
+ *
+ *   Or
+ *
+ *   - Call `initial_ref_transaction_commit()` if the ref database is
+ *     known to be empty and have no other writers (e.g. during
+ *     clone). This is likely to be much faster than
+ *     `ref_transaction_commit()`. `ref_transaction_prepare()` should
+ *     *not* be called before `initial_ref_transaction_commit()`.
+ *
+ * - Then finally, call `ref_transaction_free()` to free the
+ *   `ref_transaction` data structure.
+ *
+ * At any time before calling `ref_transaction_commit()`, you can call
+ * `ref_transaction_abort()` to abort the transaction, rollback any
+ * locks, and free any associated resources (including the
+ * `ref_transaction` data structure).
+ *
+ * Putting it all together, a complete reference update looks like
  *
- * - Call `ref_transaction_commit()` to execute the transaction.
- *   If this succeeds, the ref updates will have taken place and
- *   the transaction cannot be rolled back.
+ *         struct ref_transaction *transaction;
+ *         struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+ *         int ret = 0;
  *
- * - At any time call `ref_transaction_free()` to discard the
- *   transaction and free associated resources.  In particular,
- *   this rolls back the transaction if it has not been
- *   successfully committed.
+ *         transaction = ref_store_transaction_begin(refs, &err);
+ *         if (!transaction ||
+ *             ref_transaction_update(...) ||
+ *             ref_transaction_create(...) ||
+ *             ...etc... ||
+ *             ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err)) {
+ *                 error("%s", err.buf);
+ *                 ret = -1;
+ *         }
+ *         ref_transaction_free(transaction);
+ *         strbuf_release(&err);
+ *         return ret;
  *
  * Error handling
  * --------------
@@ -32,11 +229,21 @@
  *
  * The message is appended to err without first clearing err.
  * err will not be '\n' terminated.
+ *
+ * Caveats
+ * -------
+ *
+ * Note that no locks are taken, and no refs are read, until
+ * `ref_transaction_prepare()` or `ref_transaction_commit()` is
+ * called. So, for example, `ref_transaction_verify()` won't report a
+ * verification failure until the commit is attempted.
  */
 struct ref_transaction;
 
 /*
- * Bit values set in the flags argument passed to each_ref_fn():
+ * Bit values set in the flags argument passed to each_ref_fn() and
+ * stored in ref_iterator::flags. Other bits are for internal use
+ * only:
  */
 
 /* Reference is a symbolic reference. */
@@ -62,12 +269,12 @@ struct ref_transaction;
 
 /*
  * The signature for the callback function for the for_each_*()
- * functions below.  The memory pointed to by the refname and sha1
+ * functions below.  The memory pointed to by the refname and oid
  * arguments is only guaranteed to be valid for the duration of a
  * single callback invocation.
  */
 typedef int each_ref_fn(const char *refname,
-			const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data);
+			const struct object_id *oid, int flags, void *cb_data);
 
 /*
  * The following functions invoke the specified callback function for
@@ -76,69 +283,76 @@ typedef int each_ref_fn(const char *refname,
  * it is not safe to modify references while an iteration is in
  * progress, unless the same callback function invocation that
  * modifies the reference also returns a nonzero value to immediately
- * stop the iteration.
- */
-extern int head_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
-extern int for_each_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
-extern int for_each_ref_in(const char *, each_ref_fn, void *);
-extern int for_each_tag_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
-extern int for_each_branch_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
-extern int for_each_remote_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
-extern int for_each_replace_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
-extern int for_each_glob_ref(each_ref_fn, const char *pattern, void *);
-extern int for_each_glob_ref_in(each_ref_fn, const char *pattern, const char* prefix, void *);
-
-extern int head_ref_submodule(const char *submodule, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
-extern int for_each_ref_submodule(const char *submodule, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
-extern int for_each_ref_in_submodule(const char *submodule, const char *prefix,
-		each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
-extern int for_each_tag_ref_submodule(const char *submodule, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
-extern int for_each_branch_ref_submodule(const char *submodule, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
-extern int for_each_remote_ref_submodule(const char *submodule, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
-
-extern int head_ref_namespaced(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
-extern int for_each_namespaced_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
-
-static inline const char *has_glob_specials(const char *pattern)
-{
-	return strpbrk(pattern, "?*[");
-}
+ * stop the iteration. Returned references are sorted.
+ */
+int refs_head_ref(struct ref_store *refs,
+		  each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int refs_for_each_ref(struct ref_store *refs,
+		      each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int refs_for_each_ref_in(struct ref_store *refs, const char *prefix,
+			 each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int refs_for_each_tag_ref(struct ref_store *refs,
+			  each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int refs_for_each_branch_ref(struct ref_store *refs,
+			     each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int refs_for_each_remote_ref(struct ref_store *refs,
+			     each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+
+int head_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int for_each_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int for_each_ref_in(const char *prefix, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int refs_for_each_fullref_in(struct ref_store *refs, const char *prefix,
+			     each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data,
+			     unsigned int broken);
+int for_each_fullref_in(const char *prefix, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data,
+			unsigned int broken);
+int for_each_tag_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int for_each_branch_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int for_each_remote_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int for_each_replace_ref(struct repository *r, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int for_each_glob_ref(each_ref_fn fn, const char *pattern, void *cb_data);
+int for_each_glob_ref_in(each_ref_fn fn, const char *pattern,
+			 const char *prefix, void *cb_data);
+
+int head_ref_namespaced(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int for_each_namespaced_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
 
 /* can be used to learn about broken ref and symref */
-extern int for_each_rawref(each_ref_fn, void *);
-
-extern void warn_dangling_symref(FILE *fp, const char *msg_fmt, const char *refname);
-extern void warn_dangling_symrefs(FILE *fp, const char *msg_fmt, const struct string_list *refnames);
+int refs_for_each_rawref(struct ref_store *refs, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int for_each_rawref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
 
 /*
- * Lock the packed-refs file for writing.  Flags is passed to
- * hold_lock_file_for_update().  Return 0 on success.
- * Errno is set to something meaningful on error.
+ * Normalizes partial refs to their fully qualified form.
+ * Will prepend <prefix> to the <pattern> if it doesn't start with 'refs/'.
+ * <prefix> will default to 'refs/' if NULL.
+ *
+ * item.string will be set to the result.
+ * item.util will be set to NULL if <pattern> contains glob characters, or
+ * non-NULL if it doesn't.
  */
-extern int lock_packed_refs(int flags);
+void normalize_glob_ref(struct string_list_item *item, const char *prefix,
+			const char *pattern);
 
 /*
- * Add a reference to the in-memory packed reference cache.  This may
- * only be called while the packed-refs file is locked (see
- * lock_packed_refs()).  To actually write the packed-refs file, call
- * commit_packed_refs().
+ * Returns 0 if refname matches any of the exclude_patterns, or if it doesn't
+ * match any of the include_patterns. Returns 1 otherwise.
+ *
+ * If pattern list is NULL or empty, matching against that list is skipped.
+ * This has the effect of matching everything by default, unless the user
+ * specifies rules otherwise.
  */
-extern void add_packed_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1);
+int ref_filter_match(const char *refname,
+		     const struct string_list *include_patterns,
+		     const struct string_list *exclude_patterns);
 
-/*
- * Write the current version of the packed refs cache from memory to
- * disk.  The packed-refs file must already be locked for writing (see
- * lock_packed_refs()).  Return zero on success.
- * Sets errno to something meaningful on error.
- */
-extern int commit_packed_refs(void);
+static inline const char *has_glob_specials(const char *pattern)
+{
+	return strpbrk(pattern, "?*[");
+}
 
-/*
- * Rollback the lockfile for the packed-refs file, and discard the
- * in-memory packed reference cache.  (The packed-refs file will be
- * read anew if it is needed again after this function is called.)
- */
-extern void rollback_packed_refs(void);
+void warn_dangling_symref(FILE *fp, const char *msg_fmt, const char *refname);
+void warn_dangling_symrefs(FILE *fp, const char *msg_fmt,
+			   const struct string_list *refnames);
 
 /*
  * Flags for controlling behaviour of pack_refs()
@@ -152,69 +366,76 @@ extern void rollback_packed_refs(void);
  * Write a packed-refs file for the current repository.
  * flags: Combination of the above PACK_REFS_* flags.
  */
-int pack_refs(unsigned int flags);
+int refs_pack_refs(struct ref_store *refs, unsigned int flags);
 
 /*
- * Rewrite the packed-refs file, omitting any refs listed in
- * 'refnames'. On error, packed-refs will be unchanged, the return
- * value is nonzero, and a message about the error is written to the
- * 'err' strbuf.
- *
- * The refs in 'refnames' needn't be sorted. `err` must not be NULL.
+ * Setup reflog before using. Fill in err and return -1 on failure.
  */
-extern int repack_without_refs(struct string_list *refnames,
-			       struct strbuf *err);
-
-extern int ref_exists(const char *);
+int refs_create_reflog(struct ref_store *refs, const char *refname,
+		       int force_create, struct strbuf *err);
+int safe_create_reflog(const char *refname, int force_create, struct strbuf *err);
 
-extern int is_branch(const char *refname);
+/** Reads log for the value of ref during at_time. **/
+int read_ref_at(const char *refname, unsigned int flags,
+		timestamp_t at_time, int cnt,
+		struct object_id *oid, char **msg,
+		timestamp_t *cutoff_time, int *cutoff_tz, int *cutoff_cnt);
 
-/*
- * If refname is a non-symbolic reference that refers to a tag object,
- * and the tag can be (recursively) dereferenced to a non-tag object,
- * store the SHA1 of the referred-to object to sha1 and return 0.  If
- * any of these conditions are not met, return a non-zero value.
- * Symbolic references are considered unpeelable, even if they
- * ultimately resolve to a peelable tag.
- */
-extern int peel_ref(const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1);
+/** Check if a particular reflog exists */
+int refs_reflog_exists(struct ref_store *refs, const char *refname);
+int reflog_exists(const char *refname);
 
 /*
- * Flags controlling ref_transaction_update(), ref_transaction_create(), etc.
- * REF_NODEREF: act on the ref directly, instead of dereferencing
- *              symbolic references.
- *
- * Other flags are reserved for internal use.
+ * Delete the specified reference. If old_oid is non-NULL, then
+ * verify that the current value of the reference is old_oid before
+ * deleting it. If old_oid is NULL, delete the reference if it
+ * exists, regardless of its old value. It is an error for old_oid to
+ * be null_oid. msg and flags are passed through to
+ * ref_transaction_delete().
  */
-#define REF_NODEREF	0x01
+int refs_delete_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char *msg,
+		    const char *refname,
+		    const struct object_id *old_oid,
+		    unsigned int flags);
+int delete_ref(const char *msg, const char *refname,
+	       const struct object_id *old_oid, unsigned int flags);
 
 /*
- * Setup reflog before using. Set errno to something meaningful on failure.
+ * Delete the specified references. If there are any problems, emit
+ * errors but attempt to keep going (i.e., the deletes are not done in
+ * an all-or-nothing transaction). msg and flags are passed through to
+ * ref_transaction_delete().
  */
-int log_ref_setup(const char *refname, char *logfile, int bufsize);
-
-/** Reads log for the value of ref during at_time. **/
-extern int read_ref_at(const char *refname, unsigned int flags,
-		       unsigned long at_time, int cnt,
-		       unsigned char *sha1, char **msg,
-		       unsigned long *cutoff_time, int *cutoff_tz, int *cutoff_cnt);
-
-/** Check if a particular reflog exists */
-extern int reflog_exists(const char *refname);
+int refs_delete_refs(struct ref_store *refs, const char *msg,
+		     struct string_list *refnames, unsigned int flags);
+int delete_refs(const char *msg, struct string_list *refnames,
+		unsigned int flags);
 
 /** Delete a reflog */
-extern int delete_reflog(const char *refname);
+int refs_delete_reflog(struct ref_store *refs, const char *refname);
+int delete_reflog(const char *refname);
 
 /* iterate over reflog entries */
-typedef int each_reflog_ent_fn(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1, const char *, unsigned long, int, const char *, void *);
+typedef int each_reflog_ent_fn(
+		struct object_id *old_oid, struct object_id *new_oid,
+		const char *committer, timestamp_t timestamp,
+		int tz, const char *msg, void *cb_data);
+
+int refs_for_each_reflog_ent(struct ref_store *refs, const char *refname,
+			     each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int refs_for_each_reflog_ent_reverse(struct ref_store *refs,
+				     const char *refname,
+				     each_reflog_ent_fn fn,
+				     void *cb_data);
 int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *refname, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data);
 int for_each_reflog_ent_reverse(const char *refname, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data);
 
 /*
  * Calls the specified function for each reflog file until it returns nonzero,
- * and returns the value
+ * and returns the value. Reflog file order is unspecified.
  */
-extern int for_each_reflog(each_ref_fn, void *);
+int refs_for_each_reflog(struct ref_store *refs, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int for_each_reflog(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
 
 #define REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL 1
 #define REFNAME_REFSPEC_PATTERN 2
@@ -224,23 +445,30 @@ extern int for_each_reflog(each_ref_fn, void *);
  * to the rules described in Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt.
  * If REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL is set in flags, then accept one-level
  * reference names.  If REFNAME_REFSPEC_PATTERN is set in flags, then
- * allow a "*" wildcard character in place of one of the name
- * components.  No leading or repeated slashes are accepted.
+ * allow a single "*" wildcard character in the refspec. No leading or
+ * repeated slashes are accepted.
  */
-extern int check_refname_format(const char *refname, int flags);
+int check_refname_format(const char *refname, int flags);
+
+const char *prettify_refname(const char *refname);
 
-extern const char *prettify_refname(const char *refname);
-extern char *shorten_unambiguous_ref(const char *refname, int strict);
+char *shorten_unambiguous_ref(const char *refname, int strict);
 
 /** rename ref, return 0 on success **/
-extern int rename_ref(const char *oldref, const char *newref, const char *logmsg);
+int refs_rename_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char *oldref,
+		    const char *newref, const char *logmsg);
+int rename_ref(const char *oldref, const char *newref,
+			const char *logmsg);
 
-/**
- * Resolve refname in the nested "gitlink" repository that is located
- * at path.  If the resolution is successful, return 0 and set sha1 to
- * the name of the object; otherwise, return a non-zero value.
- */
-extern int resolve_gitlink_ref(const char *path, const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1);
+/** copy ref, return 0 on success **/
+int refs_copy_existing_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char *oldref,
+		    const char *newref, const char *logmsg);
+int copy_existing_ref(const char *oldref, const char *newref,
+			const char *logmsg);
+
+int refs_create_symref(struct ref_store *refs, const char *refname,
+		       const char *target, const char *logmsg);
+int create_symref(const char *refname, const char *target, const char *logmsg);
 
 enum action_on_err {
 	UPDATE_REFS_MSG_ON_ERR,
@@ -252,6 +480,8 @@ enum action_on_err {
  * Begin a reference transaction.  The reference transaction must
  * be freed by calling ref_transaction_free().
  */
+struct ref_transaction *ref_store_transaction_begin(struct ref_store *refs,
+						    struct strbuf *err);
 struct ref_transaction *ref_transaction_begin(struct strbuf *err);
 
 /*
@@ -265,14 +495,28 @@ struct ref_transaction *ref_transaction_begin(struct strbuf *err);
  *
  *     refname -- the name of the reference to be affected.
  *
+ *     new_oid -- the object ID that should be set to be the new value
+ *         of the reference. Some functions allow this parameter to be
+ *         NULL, meaning that the reference is not changed, or
+ *         null_oid, meaning that the reference should be deleted. A
+ *         copy of this value is made in the transaction.
+ *
+ *     old_oid -- the object ID that the reference must have before
+ *         the update. Some functions allow this parameter to be NULL,
+ *         meaning that the old value of the reference is not checked,
+ *         or null_oid, meaning that the reference must not exist
+ *         before the update. A copy of this value is made in the
+ *         transaction.
+ *
  *     flags -- flags affecting the update, passed to
- *         update_ref_lock(). Can be REF_NODEREF, which means that
- *         symbolic references should not be followed.
+ *         update_ref_lock(). Possible flags: REF_NO_DEREF,
+ *         REF_FORCE_CREATE_REFLOG. See those constants for more
+ *         information.
  *
  *     msg -- a message describing the change (for the reflog).
  *
  *     err -- a strbuf for receiving a description of any error that
- *         might have occured.
+ *         might have occurred.
  *
  * The functions make internal copies of refname and msg, so the
  * caller retains ownership of these parameters.
@@ -283,14 +527,40 @@ struct ref_transaction *ref_transaction_begin(struct strbuf *err);
  */
 
 /*
- * Add a reference update to transaction. new_sha1 is the value that
- * the reference should have after the update, or null_sha1 if it
- * should be deleted. If new_sha1 is NULL, then the reference is not
- * changed at all. old_sha1 is the value that the reference must have
- * before the update, or null_sha1 if it must not have existed
+ * The following flags can be passed to ref_transaction_update() etc.
+ * Internally, they are stored in `ref_update::flags`, along with some
+ * internal flags.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Act on the ref directly; i.e., without dereferencing symbolic refs.
+ * If this flag is not specified, then symbolic references are
+ * dereferenced and the update is applied to the referent.
+ */
+#define REF_NO_DEREF (1 << 0)
+
+/*
+ * Force the creation of a reflog for this reference, even if it
+ * didn't previously have a reflog.
+ */
+#define REF_FORCE_CREATE_REFLOG (1 << 1)
+
+/*
+ * Bitmask of all of the flags that are allowed to be passed in to
+ * ref_transaction_update() and friends:
+ */
+#define REF_TRANSACTION_UPDATE_ALLOWED_FLAGS \
+	(REF_NO_DEREF | REF_FORCE_CREATE_REFLOG)
+
+/*
+ * Add a reference update to transaction. `new_oid` is the value that
+ * the reference should have after the update, or `null_oid` if it
+ * should be deleted. If `new_oid` is NULL, then the reference is not
+ * changed at all. `old_oid` is the value that the reference must have
+ * before the update, or `null_oid` if it must not have existed
  * beforehand. The old value is checked after the lock is taken to
- * prevent races. If the old value doesn't agree with old_sha1, the
- * whole transaction fails. If old_sha1 is NULL, then the previous
+ * prevent races. If the old value doesn't agree with old_oid, the
+ * whole transaction fails. If old_oid is NULL, then the previous
  * value is not checked.
  *
  * See the above comment "Reference transaction updates" for more
@@ -298,15 +568,15 @@ struct ref_transaction *ref_transaction_begin(struct strbuf *err);
  */
 int ref_transaction_update(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
 			   const char *refname,
-			   const unsigned char *new_sha1,
-			   const unsigned char *old_sha1,
+			   const struct object_id *new_oid,
+			   const struct object_id *old_oid,
 			   unsigned int flags, const char *msg,
 			   struct strbuf *err);
 
 /*
- * Add a reference creation to transaction. new_sha1 is the value that
+ * Add a reference creation to transaction. new_oid is the value that
  * the reference should have after the update; it must not be
- * null_sha1. It is verified that the reference does not exist
+ * null_oid. It is verified that the reference does not exist
  * already.
  *
  * See the above comment "Reference transaction updates" for more
@@ -314,53 +584,95 @@ int ref_transaction_update(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
  */
 int ref_transaction_create(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
 			   const char *refname,
-			   const unsigned char *new_sha1,
+			   const struct object_id *new_oid,
 			   unsigned int flags, const char *msg,
 			   struct strbuf *err);
 
 /*
- * Add a reference deletion to transaction. If old_sha1 is non-NULL,
+ * Add a reference deletion to transaction. If old_oid is non-NULL,
  * then it holds the value that the reference should have had before
- * the update (which must not be null_sha1).
+ * the update (which must not be null_oid).
  *
  * See the above comment "Reference transaction updates" for more
  * information.
  */
 int ref_transaction_delete(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
 			   const char *refname,
-			   const unsigned char *old_sha1,
+			   const struct object_id *old_oid,
 			   unsigned int flags, const char *msg,
 			   struct strbuf *err);
 
 /*
- * Verify, within a transaction, that refname has the value old_sha1,
- * or, if old_sha1 is null_sha1, then verify that the reference
- * doesn't exist. old_sha1 must be non-NULL.
+ * Verify, within a transaction, that refname has the value old_oid,
+ * or, if old_oid is null_oid, then verify that the reference
+ * doesn't exist. old_oid must be non-NULL.
  *
  * See the above comment "Reference transaction updates" for more
  * information.
  */
 int ref_transaction_verify(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
 			   const char *refname,
-			   const unsigned char *old_sha1,
+			   const struct object_id *old_oid,
 			   unsigned int flags,
 			   struct strbuf *err);
 
-/*
- * Commit all of the changes that have been queued in transaction, as
- * atomically as possible.
- *
- * Returns 0 for success, or one of the below error codes for errors.
- */
 /* Naming conflict (for example, the ref names A and A/B conflict). */
 #define TRANSACTION_NAME_CONFLICT -1
 /* All other errors. */
 #define TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR -2
+
+/*
+ * Perform the preparatory stages of committing `transaction`. Acquire
+ * any needed locks, check preconditions, etc.; basically, do as much
+ * as possible to ensure that the transaction will be able to go
+ * through, stopping just short of making any irrevocable or
+ * user-visible changes. The updates that this function prepares can
+ * be finished up by calling `ref_transaction_commit()` or rolled back
+ * by calling `ref_transaction_abort()`.
+ *
+ * On success, return 0 and leave the transaction in "prepared" state.
+ * On failure, abort the transaction, write an error message to `err`,
+ * and return one of the `TRANSACTION_*` constants.
+ *
+ * Callers who don't need such fine-grained control over committing
+ * reference transactions should just call `ref_transaction_commit()`.
+ */
+int ref_transaction_prepare(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+			    struct strbuf *err);
+
+/*
+ * Commit all of the changes that have been queued in transaction, as
+ * atomically as possible. On success, return 0 and leave the
+ * transaction in "closed" state. On failure, roll back the
+ * transaction, write an error message to `err`, and return one of the
+ * `TRANSACTION_*` constants
+ */
 int ref_transaction_commit(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
 			   struct strbuf *err);
 
 /*
- * Free an existing transaction and all associated data.
+ * Abort `transaction`, which has been begun and possibly prepared,
+ * but not yet committed.
+ */
+int ref_transaction_abort(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+			  struct strbuf *err);
+
+/*
+ * Like ref_transaction_commit(), but optimized for creating
+ * references when originally initializing a repository (e.g., by "git
+ * clone"). It writes the new references directly to packed-refs
+ * without locking the individual references.
+ *
+ * It is a bug to call this function when there might be other
+ * processes accessing the repository or if there are existing
+ * references that might conflict with the ones being created. All
+ * old_oid values must either be absent or null_oid.
+ */
+int initial_ref_transaction_commit(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+				   struct strbuf *err);
+
+/*
+ * Free `*transaction` and all associated data.
  */
 void ref_transaction_free(struct ref_transaction *transaction);
 
@@ -372,12 +684,32 @@ void ref_transaction_free(struct ref_transaction *transaction);
  * ref_transaction_update(). Handle errors as requested by the `onerr`
  * argument.
  */
+int refs_update_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char *msg, const char *refname,
+		    const struct object_id *new_oid, const struct object_id *old_oid,
+		    unsigned int flags, enum action_on_err onerr);
 int update_ref(const char *msg, const char *refname,
-	       const unsigned char *new_sha1, const unsigned char *old_sha1,
+	       const struct object_id *new_oid, const struct object_id *old_oid,
 	       unsigned int flags, enum action_on_err onerr);
 
-extern int parse_hide_refs_config(const char *var, const char *value, const char *);
-extern int ref_is_hidden(const char *);
+int parse_hide_refs_config(const char *var, const char *value, const char *);
+
+/*
+ * Check whether a ref is hidden. If no namespace is set, both the first and
+ * the second parameter point to the full ref name. If a namespace is set and
+ * the ref is inside that namespace, the first parameter is a pointer to the
+ * name of the ref with the namespace prefix removed. If a namespace is set and
+ * the ref is outside that namespace, the first parameter is NULL. The second
+ * parameter always points to the full ref name.
+ */
+int ref_is_hidden(const char *, const char *);
+
+enum ref_type {
+	REF_TYPE_PER_WORKTREE,
+	REF_TYPE_PSEUDOREF,
+	REF_TYPE_NORMAL,
+};
+
+enum ref_type ref_type(const char *refname);
 
 enum expire_reflog_flags {
 	EXPIRE_REFLOGS_DRY_RUN = 1 << 0,
@@ -403,26 +735,50 @@ enum expire_reflog_flags {
  *     unlocked again.
  */
 typedef void reflog_expiry_prepare_fn(const char *refname,
-				      const unsigned char *sha1,
+				      const struct object_id *oid,
 				      void *cb_data);
-typedef int reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn(unsigned char *osha1,
-					  unsigned char *nsha1,
+typedef int reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn(struct object_id *ooid,
+					  struct object_id *noid,
 					  const char *email,
-					  unsigned long timestamp, int tz,
+					  timestamp_t timestamp, int tz,
 					  const char *message, void *cb_data);
 typedef void reflog_expiry_cleanup_fn(void *cb_data);
 
 /*
- * Expire reflog entries for the specified reference. sha1 is the old
+ * Expire reflog entries for the specified reference. oid is the old
  * value of the reference. flags is a combination of the constants in
  * enum expire_reflog_flags. The three function pointers are described
  * above. On success, return zero.
  */
-extern int reflog_expire(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
-			 unsigned int flags,
-			 reflog_expiry_prepare_fn prepare_fn,
-			 reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn should_prune_fn,
-			 reflog_expiry_cleanup_fn cleanup_fn,
-			 void *policy_cb_data);
+int refs_reflog_expire(struct ref_store *refs,
+		       const char *refname,
+		       const struct object_id *oid,
+		       unsigned int flags,
+		       reflog_expiry_prepare_fn prepare_fn,
+		       reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn should_prune_fn,
+		       reflog_expiry_cleanup_fn cleanup_fn,
+		       void *policy_cb_data);
+int reflog_expire(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+		  unsigned int flags,
+		  reflog_expiry_prepare_fn prepare_fn,
+		  reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn should_prune_fn,
+		  reflog_expiry_cleanup_fn cleanup_fn,
+		  void *policy_cb_data);
+
+int ref_storage_backend_exists(const char *name);
+
+struct ref_store *get_main_ref_store(struct repository *r);
+/*
+ * Return the ref_store instance for the specified submodule. For the
+ * main repository, use submodule==NULL; such a call cannot fail. For
+ * a submodule, the submodule must exist and be a nonbare repository,
+ * otherwise return NULL. If the requested reference store has not yet
+ * been initialized, initialize it first.
+ *
+ * For backwards compatibility, submodule=="" is treated the same as
+ * submodule==NULL.
+ */
+struct ref_store *get_submodule_ref_store(const char *submodule);
+struct ref_store *get_worktree_ref_store(const struct worktree *wt);
 
 #endif /* REFS_H */
diff --git a/refs/files-backend.c b/refs/files-backend.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1f1a98e4cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/refs/files-backend.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3134 @@
+#include "../cache.h"
+#include "../config.h"
+#include "../refs.h"
+#include "refs-internal.h"
+#include "ref-cache.h"
+#include "packed-backend.h"
+#include "../iterator.h"
+#include "../dir-iterator.h"
+#include "../lockfile.h"
+#include "../object.h"
+#include "../dir.h"
+#include "../chdir-notify.h"
+
+/*
+ * This backend uses the following flags in `ref_update::flags` for
+ * internal bookkeeping purposes. Their numerical values must not
+ * conflict with REF_NO_DEREF, REF_FORCE_CREATE_REFLOG, REF_HAVE_NEW,
+ * REF_HAVE_OLD, or REF_IS_PRUNING, which are also stored in
+ * `ref_update::flags`.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when a loose ref is being
+ * pruned. This flag must only be used when REF_NO_DEREF is set.
+ */
+#define REF_IS_PRUNING (1 << 4)
+
+/*
+ * Flag passed to lock_ref_sha1_basic() telling it to tolerate broken
+ * refs (i.e., because the reference is about to be deleted anyway).
+ */
+#define REF_DELETING (1 << 5)
+
+/*
+ * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when the lockfile needs to be
+ * committed.
+ */
+#define REF_NEEDS_COMMIT (1 << 6)
+
+/*
+ * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when we want to log a ref
+ * update but not actually perform it.  This is used when a symbolic
+ * ref update is split up.
+ */
+#define REF_LOG_ONLY (1 << 7)
+
+/*
+ * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when the ref_update was via an
+ * update to HEAD.
+ */
+#define REF_UPDATE_VIA_HEAD (1 << 8)
+
+/*
+ * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when the loose reference has
+ * been deleted.
+ */
+#define REF_DELETED_LOOSE (1 << 9)
+
+struct ref_lock {
+	char *ref_name;
+	struct lock_file lk;
+	struct object_id old_oid;
+};
+
+struct files_ref_store {
+	struct ref_store base;
+	unsigned int store_flags;
+
+	char *gitdir;
+	char *gitcommondir;
+
+	struct ref_cache *loose;
+
+	struct ref_store *packed_ref_store;
+};
+
+static void clear_loose_ref_cache(struct files_ref_store *refs)
+{
+	if (refs->loose) {
+		free_ref_cache(refs->loose);
+		refs->loose = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a new submodule ref cache and add it to the internal
+ * set of caches.
+ */
+static struct ref_store *files_ref_store_create(const char *gitdir,
+						unsigned int flags)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*refs));
+	struct ref_store *ref_store = (struct ref_store *)refs;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	base_ref_store_init(ref_store, &refs_be_files);
+	refs->store_flags = flags;
+
+	refs->gitdir = xstrdup(gitdir);
+	get_common_dir_noenv(&sb, gitdir);
+	refs->gitcommondir = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/packed-refs", refs->gitcommondir);
+	refs->packed_ref_store = packed_ref_store_create(sb.buf, flags);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+	chdir_notify_reparent("files-backend $GIT_DIR",
+			      &refs->gitdir);
+	chdir_notify_reparent("files-backend $GIT_COMMONDIR",
+			      &refs->gitcommondir);
+
+	return ref_store;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Die if refs is not the main ref store. caller is used in any
+ * necessary error messages.
+ */
+static void files_assert_main_repository(struct files_ref_store *refs,
+					 const char *caller)
+{
+	if (refs->store_flags & REF_STORE_MAIN)
+		return;
+
+	BUG("operation %s only allowed for main ref store", caller);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Downcast ref_store to files_ref_store. Die if ref_store is not a
+ * files_ref_store. required_flags is compared with ref_store's
+ * store_flags to ensure the ref_store has all required capabilities.
+ * "caller" is used in any necessary error messages.
+ */
+static struct files_ref_store *files_downcast(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+					      unsigned int required_flags,
+					      const char *caller)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs;
+
+	if (ref_store->be != &refs_be_files)
+		BUG("ref_store is type \"%s\" not \"files\" in %s",
+		    ref_store->be->name, caller);
+
+	refs = (struct files_ref_store *)ref_store;
+
+	if ((refs->store_flags & required_flags) != required_flags)
+		BUG("operation %s requires abilities 0x%x, but only have 0x%x",
+		    caller, required_flags, refs->store_flags);
+
+	return refs;
+}
+
+static void files_reflog_path(struct files_ref_store *refs,
+			      struct strbuf *sb,
+			      const char *refname)
+{
+	switch (ref_type(refname)) {
+	case REF_TYPE_PER_WORKTREE:
+	case REF_TYPE_PSEUDOREF:
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "%s/logs/%s", refs->gitdir, refname);
+		break;
+	case REF_TYPE_NORMAL:
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "%s/logs/%s", refs->gitcommondir, refname);
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG("unknown ref type %d of ref %s",
+		    ref_type(refname), refname);
+	}
+}
+
+static void files_ref_path(struct files_ref_store *refs,
+			   struct strbuf *sb,
+			   const char *refname)
+{
+	switch (ref_type(refname)) {
+	case REF_TYPE_PER_WORKTREE:
+	case REF_TYPE_PSEUDOREF:
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "%s/%s", refs->gitdir, refname);
+		break;
+	case REF_TYPE_NORMAL:
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "%s/%s", refs->gitcommondir, refname);
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG("unknown ref type %d of ref %s",
+		    ref_type(refname), refname);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read the loose references from the namespace dirname into dir
+ * (without recursing).  dirname must end with '/'.  dir must be the
+ * directory entry corresponding to dirname.
+ */
+static void loose_fill_ref_dir(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			       struct ref_dir *dir, const char *dirname)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_READ, "fill_ref_dir");
+	DIR *d;
+	struct dirent *de;
+	int dirnamelen = strlen(dirname);
+	struct strbuf refname;
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t path_baselen;
+
+	files_ref_path(refs, &path, dirname);
+	path_baselen = path.len;
+
+	d = opendir(path.buf);
+	if (!d) {
+		strbuf_release(&path);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_init(&refname, dirnamelen + 257);
+	strbuf_add(&refname, dirname, dirnamelen);
+
+	while ((de = readdir(d)) != NULL) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		struct stat st;
+		int flag;
+
+		if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
+			continue;
+		if (ends_with(de->d_name, ".lock"))
+			continue;
+		strbuf_addstr(&refname, de->d_name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&path, de->d_name);
+		if (stat(path.buf, &st) < 0) {
+			; /* silently ignore */
+		} else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+			strbuf_addch(&refname, '/');
+			add_entry_to_dir(dir,
+					 create_dir_entry(dir->cache, refname.buf,
+							  refname.len, 1));
+		} else {
+			if (!refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(&refs->base,
+						     refname.buf,
+						     RESOLVE_REF_READING,
+						     &oid, &flag)) {
+				oidclr(&oid);
+				flag |= REF_ISBROKEN;
+			} else if (is_null_oid(&oid)) {
+				/*
+				 * It is so astronomically unlikely
+				 * that null_oid is the OID of an
+				 * actual object that we consider its
+				 * appearance in a loose reference
+				 * file to be repo corruption
+				 * (probably due to a software bug).
+				 */
+				flag |= REF_ISBROKEN;
+			}
+
+			if (check_refname_format(refname.buf,
+						 REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL)) {
+				if (!refname_is_safe(refname.buf))
+					die("loose refname is dangerous: %s", refname.buf);
+				oidclr(&oid);
+				flag |= REF_BAD_NAME | REF_ISBROKEN;
+			}
+			add_entry_to_dir(dir,
+					 create_ref_entry(refname.buf, &oid, flag));
+		}
+		strbuf_setlen(&refname, dirnamelen);
+		strbuf_setlen(&path, path_baselen);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&refname);
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+	closedir(d);
+
+	/*
+	 * Manually add refs/bisect, which, being per-worktree, might
+	 * not appear in the directory listing for refs/ in the main
+	 * repo.
+	 */
+	if (!strcmp(dirname, "refs/")) {
+		int pos = search_ref_dir(dir, "refs/bisect/", 12);
+
+		if (pos < 0) {
+			struct ref_entry *child_entry = create_dir_entry(
+					dir->cache, "refs/bisect/", 12, 1);
+			add_entry_to_dir(dir, child_entry);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static struct ref_cache *get_loose_ref_cache(struct files_ref_store *refs)
+{
+	if (!refs->loose) {
+		/*
+		 * Mark the top-level directory complete because we
+		 * are about to read the only subdirectory that can
+		 * hold references:
+		 */
+		refs->loose = create_ref_cache(&refs->base, loose_fill_ref_dir);
+
+		/* We're going to fill the top level ourselves: */
+		refs->loose->root->flag &= ~REF_INCOMPLETE;
+
+		/*
+		 * Add an incomplete entry for "refs/" (to be filled
+		 * lazily):
+		 */
+		add_entry_to_dir(get_ref_dir(refs->loose->root),
+				 create_dir_entry(refs->loose, "refs/", 5, 1));
+	}
+	return refs->loose;
+}
+
+static int files_read_raw_ref(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			      const char *refname, struct object_id *oid,
+			      struct strbuf *referent, unsigned int *type)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_READ, "read_raw_ref");
+	struct strbuf sb_contents = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf sb_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *path;
+	const char *buf;
+	const char *p;
+	struct stat st;
+	int fd;
+	int ret = -1;
+	int save_errno;
+	int remaining_retries = 3;
+
+	*type = 0;
+	strbuf_reset(&sb_path);
+
+	files_ref_path(refs, &sb_path, refname);
+
+	path = sb_path.buf;
+
+stat_ref:
+	/*
+	 * We might have to loop back here to avoid a race
+	 * condition: first we lstat() the file, then we try
+	 * to read it as a link or as a file.  But if somebody
+	 * changes the type of the file (file <-> directory
+	 * <-> symlink) between the lstat() and reading, then
+	 * we don't want to report that as an error but rather
+	 * try again starting with the lstat().
+	 *
+	 * We'll keep a count of the retries, though, just to avoid
+	 * any confusing situation sending us into an infinite loop.
+	 */
+
+	if (remaining_retries-- <= 0)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (lstat(path, &st) < 0) {
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
+			goto out;
+		if (refs_read_raw_ref(refs->packed_ref_store, refname,
+				      oid, referent, type)) {
+			errno = ENOENT;
+			goto out;
+		}
+		ret = 0;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/* Follow "normalized" - ie "refs/.." symlinks by hand */
+	if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
+		strbuf_reset(&sb_contents);
+		if (strbuf_readlink(&sb_contents, path, st.st_size) < 0) {
+			if (errno == ENOENT || errno == EINVAL)
+				/* inconsistent with lstat; retry */
+				goto stat_ref;
+			else
+				goto out;
+		}
+		if (starts_with(sb_contents.buf, "refs/") &&
+		    !check_refname_format(sb_contents.buf, 0)) {
+			strbuf_swap(&sb_contents, referent);
+			*type |= REF_ISSYMREF;
+			ret = 0;
+			goto out;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * It doesn't look like a refname; fall through to just
+		 * treating it like a non-symlink, and reading whatever it
+		 * points to.
+		 */
+	}
+
+	/* Is it a directory? */
+	if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+		/*
+		 * Even though there is a directory where the loose
+		 * ref is supposed to be, there could still be a
+		 * packed ref:
+		 */
+		if (refs_read_raw_ref(refs->packed_ref_store, refname,
+				      oid, referent, type)) {
+			errno = EISDIR;
+			goto out;
+		}
+		ret = 0;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Anything else, just open it and try to use it as
+	 * a ref
+	 */
+	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT && !S_ISLNK(st.st_mode))
+			/* inconsistent with lstat; retry */
+			goto stat_ref;
+		else
+			goto out;
+	}
+	strbuf_reset(&sb_contents);
+	if (strbuf_read(&sb_contents, fd, 256) < 0) {
+		int save_errno = errno;
+		close(fd);
+		errno = save_errno;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	close(fd);
+	strbuf_rtrim(&sb_contents);
+	buf = sb_contents.buf;
+	if (starts_with(buf, "ref:")) {
+		buf += 4;
+		while (isspace(*buf))
+			buf++;
+
+		strbuf_reset(referent);
+		strbuf_addstr(referent, buf);
+		*type |= REF_ISSYMREF;
+		ret = 0;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Please note that FETCH_HEAD has additional
+	 * data after the sha.
+	 */
+	if (parse_oid_hex(buf, oid, &p) ||
+	    (*p != '\0' && !isspace(*p))) {
+		*type |= REF_ISBROKEN;
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = 0;
+
+out:
+	save_errno = errno;
+	strbuf_release(&sb_path);
+	strbuf_release(&sb_contents);
+	errno = save_errno;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void unlock_ref(struct ref_lock *lock)
+{
+	rollback_lock_file(&lock->lk);
+	free(lock->ref_name);
+	free(lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Lock refname, without following symrefs, and set *lock_p to point
+ * at a newly-allocated lock object. Fill in lock->old_oid, referent,
+ * and type similarly to read_raw_ref().
+ *
+ * The caller must verify that refname is a "safe" reference name (in
+ * the sense of refname_is_safe()) before calling this function.
+ *
+ * If the reference doesn't already exist, verify that refname doesn't
+ * have a D/F conflict with any existing references. extras and skip
+ * are passed to refs_verify_refname_available() for this check.
+ *
+ * If mustexist is not set and the reference is not found or is
+ * broken, lock the reference anyway but clear old_oid.
+ *
+ * Return 0 on success. On failure, write an error message to err and
+ * return TRANSACTION_NAME_CONFLICT or TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR.
+ *
+ * Implementation note: This function is basically
+ *
+ *     lock reference
+ *     read_raw_ref()
+ *
+ * but it includes a lot more code to
+ * - Deal with possible races with other processes
+ * - Avoid calling refs_verify_refname_available() when it can be
+ *   avoided, namely if we were successfully able to read the ref
+ * - Generate informative error messages in the case of failure
+ */
+static int lock_raw_ref(struct files_ref_store *refs,
+			const char *refname, int mustexist,
+			const struct string_list *extras,
+			const struct string_list *skip,
+			struct ref_lock **lock_p,
+			struct strbuf *referent,
+			unsigned int *type,
+			struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct ref_lock *lock;
+	struct strbuf ref_file = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int attempts_remaining = 3;
+	int ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+
+	assert(err);
+	files_assert_main_repository(refs, "lock_raw_ref");
+
+	*type = 0;
+
+	/* First lock the file so it can't change out from under us. */
+
+	*lock_p = lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*lock));
+
+	lock->ref_name = xstrdup(refname);
+	files_ref_path(refs, &ref_file, refname);
+
+retry:
+	switch (safe_create_leading_directories(ref_file.buf)) {
+	case SCLD_OK:
+		break; /* success */
+	case SCLD_EXISTS:
+		/*
+		 * Suppose refname is "refs/foo/bar". We just failed
+		 * to create the containing directory, "refs/foo",
+		 * because there was a non-directory in the way. This
+		 * indicates a D/F conflict, probably because of
+		 * another reference such as "refs/foo". There is no
+		 * reason to expect this error to be transitory.
+		 */
+		if (refs_verify_refname_available(&refs->base, refname,
+						  extras, skip, err)) {
+			if (mustexist) {
+				/*
+				 * To the user the relevant error is
+				 * that the "mustexist" reference is
+				 * missing:
+				 */
+				strbuf_reset(err);
+				strbuf_addf(err, "unable to resolve reference '%s'",
+					    refname);
+			} else {
+				/*
+				 * The error message set by
+				 * refs_verify_refname_available() is
+				 * OK.
+				 */
+				ret = TRANSACTION_NAME_CONFLICT;
+			}
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * The file that is in the way isn't a loose
+			 * reference. Report it as a low-level
+			 * failure.
+			 */
+			strbuf_addf(err, "unable to create lock file %s.lock; "
+				    "non-directory in the way",
+				    ref_file.buf);
+		}
+		goto error_return;
+	case SCLD_VANISHED:
+		/* Maybe another process was tidying up. Try again. */
+		if (--attempts_remaining > 0)
+			goto retry;
+		/* fall through */
+	default:
+		strbuf_addf(err, "unable to create directory for %s",
+			    ref_file.buf);
+		goto error_return;
+	}
+
+	if (hold_lock_file_for_update_timeout(
+			    &lock->lk, ref_file.buf, LOCK_NO_DEREF,
+			    get_files_ref_lock_timeout_ms()) < 0) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT && --attempts_remaining > 0) {
+			/*
+			 * Maybe somebody just deleted one of the
+			 * directories leading to ref_file.  Try
+			 * again:
+			 */
+			goto retry;
+		} else {
+			unable_to_lock_message(ref_file.buf, errno, err);
+			goto error_return;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Now we hold the lock and can read the reference without
+	 * fear that its value will change.
+	 */
+
+	if (files_read_raw_ref(&refs->base, refname,
+			       &lock->old_oid, referent, type)) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT) {
+			if (mustexist) {
+				/* Garden variety missing reference. */
+				strbuf_addf(err, "unable to resolve reference '%s'",
+					    refname);
+				goto error_return;
+			} else {
+				/*
+				 * Reference is missing, but that's OK. We
+				 * know that there is not a conflict with
+				 * another loose reference because
+				 * (supposing that we are trying to lock
+				 * reference "refs/foo/bar"):
+				 *
+				 * - We were successfully able to create
+				 *   the lockfile refs/foo/bar.lock, so we
+				 *   know there cannot be a loose reference
+				 *   named "refs/foo".
+				 *
+				 * - We got ENOENT and not EISDIR, so we
+				 *   know that there cannot be a loose
+				 *   reference named "refs/foo/bar/baz".
+				 */
+			}
+		} else if (errno == EISDIR) {
+			/*
+			 * There is a directory in the way. It might have
+			 * contained references that have been deleted. If
+			 * we don't require that the reference already
+			 * exists, try to remove the directory so that it
+			 * doesn't cause trouble when we want to rename the
+			 * lockfile into place later.
+			 */
+			if (mustexist) {
+				/* Garden variety missing reference. */
+				strbuf_addf(err, "unable to resolve reference '%s'",
+					    refname);
+				goto error_return;
+			} else if (remove_dir_recursively(&ref_file,
+							  REMOVE_DIR_EMPTY_ONLY)) {
+				if (refs_verify_refname_available(
+						    &refs->base, refname,
+						    extras, skip, err)) {
+					/*
+					 * The error message set by
+					 * verify_refname_available() is OK.
+					 */
+					ret = TRANSACTION_NAME_CONFLICT;
+					goto error_return;
+				} else {
+					/*
+					 * We can't delete the directory,
+					 * but we also don't know of any
+					 * references that it should
+					 * contain.
+					 */
+					strbuf_addf(err, "there is a non-empty directory '%s' "
+						    "blocking reference '%s'",
+						    ref_file.buf, refname);
+					goto error_return;
+				}
+			}
+		} else if (errno == EINVAL && (*type & REF_ISBROKEN)) {
+			strbuf_addf(err, "unable to resolve reference '%s': "
+				    "reference broken", refname);
+			goto error_return;
+		} else {
+			strbuf_addf(err, "unable to resolve reference '%s': %s",
+				    refname, strerror(errno));
+			goto error_return;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * If the ref did not exist and we are creating it,
+		 * make sure there is no existing packed ref that
+		 * conflicts with refname:
+		 */
+		if (refs_verify_refname_available(
+				    refs->packed_ref_store, refname,
+				    extras, skip, err))
+			goto error_return;
+	}
+
+	ret = 0;
+	goto out;
+
+error_return:
+	unlock_ref(lock);
+	*lock_p = NULL;
+
+out:
+	strbuf_release(&ref_file);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+struct files_ref_iterator {
+	struct ref_iterator base;
+
+	struct ref_iterator *iter0;
+	unsigned int flags;
+};
+
+static int files_ref_iterator_advance(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
+{
+	struct files_ref_iterator *iter =
+		(struct files_ref_iterator *)ref_iterator;
+	int ok;
+
+	while ((ok = ref_iterator_advance(iter->iter0)) == ITER_OK) {
+		if (iter->flags & DO_FOR_EACH_PER_WORKTREE_ONLY &&
+		    ref_type(iter->iter0->refname) != REF_TYPE_PER_WORKTREE)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!(iter->flags & DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN) &&
+		    !ref_resolves_to_object(iter->iter0->refname,
+					    iter->iter0->oid,
+					    iter->iter0->flags))
+			continue;
+
+		iter->base.refname = iter->iter0->refname;
+		iter->base.oid = iter->iter0->oid;
+		iter->base.flags = iter->iter0->flags;
+		return ITER_OK;
+	}
+
+	iter->iter0 = NULL;
+	if (ref_iterator_abort(ref_iterator) != ITER_DONE)
+		ok = ITER_ERROR;
+
+	return ok;
+}
+
+static int files_ref_iterator_peel(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator,
+				   struct object_id *peeled)
+{
+	struct files_ref_iterator *iter =
+		(struct files_ref_iterator *)ref_iterator;
+
+	return ref_iterator_peel(iter->iter0, peeled);
+}
+
+static int files_ref_iterator_abort(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
+{
+	struct files_ref_iterator *iter =
+		(struct files_ref_iterator *)ref_iterator;
+	int ok = ITER_DONE;
+
+	if (iter->iter0)
+		ok = ref_iterator_abort(iter->iter0);
+
+	base_ref_iterator_free(ref_iterator);
+	return ok;
+}
+
+static struct ref_iterator_vtable files_ref_iterator_vtable = {
+	files_ref_iterator_advance,
+	files_ref_iterator_peel,
+	files_ref_iterator_abort
+};
+
+static struct ref_iterator *files_ref_iterator_begin(
+		struct ref_store *ref_store,
+		const char *prefix, unsigned int flags)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs;
+	struct ref_iterator *loose_iter, *packed_iter, *overlay_iter;
+	struct files_ref_iterator *iter;
+	struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator;
+	unsigned int required_flags = REF_STORE_READ;
+
+	if (!(flags & DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN))
+		required_flags |= REF_STORE_ODB;
+
+	refs = files_downcast(ref_store, required_flags, "ref_iterator_begin");
+
+	/*
+	 * We must make sure that all loose refs are read before
+	 * accessing the packed-refs file; this avoids a race
+	 * condition if loose refs are migrated to the packed-refs
+	 * file by a simultaneous process, but our in-memory view is
+	 * from before the migration. We ensure this as follows:
+	 * First, we call start the loose refs iteration with its
+	 * `prime_ref` argument set to true. This causes the loose
+	 * references in the subtree to be pre-read into the cache.
+	 * (If they've already been read, that's OK; we only need to
+	 * guarantee that they're read before the packed refs, not
+	 * *how much* before.) After that, we call
+	 * packed_ref_iterator_begin(), which internally checks
+	 * whether the packed-ref cache is up to date with what is on
+	 * disk, and re-reads it if not.
+	 */
+
+	loose_iter = cache_ref_iterator_begin(get_loose_ref_cache(refs),
+					      prefix, 1);
+
+	/*
+	 * The packed-refs file might contain broken references, for
+	 * example an old version of a reference that points at an
+	 * object that has since been garbage-collected. This is OK as
+	 * long as there is a corresponding loose reference that
+	 * overrides it, and we don't want to emit an error message in
+	 * this case. So ask the packed_ref_store for all of its
+	 * references, and (if needed) do our own check for broken
+	 * ones in files_ref_iterator_advance(), after we have merged
+	 * the packed and loose references.
+	 */
+	packed_iter = refs_ref_iterator_begin(
+			refs->packed_ref_store, prefix, 0,
+			DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN);
+
+	overlay_iter = overlay_ref_iterator_begin(loose_iter, packed_iter);
+
+	iter = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*iter));
+	ref_iterator = &iter->base;
+	base_ref_iterator_init(ref_iterator, &files_ref_iterator_vtable,
+			       overlay_iter->ordered);
+	iter->iter0 = overlay_iter;
+	iter->flags = flags;
+
+	return ref_iterator;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Verify that the reference locked by lock has the value old_oid
+ * (unless it is NULL).  Fail if the reference doesn't exist and
+ * mustexist is set. Return 0 on success. On error, write an error
+ * message to err, set errno, and return a negative value.
+ */
+static int verify_lock(struct ref_store *ref_store, struct ref_lock *lock,
+		       const struct object_id *old_oid, int mustexist,
+		       struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	assert(err);
+
+	if (refs_read_ref_full(ref_store, lock->ref_name,
+			       mustexist ? RESOLVE_REF_READING : 0,
+			       &lock->old_oid, NULL)) {
+		if (old_oid) {
+			int save_errno = errno;
+			strbuf_addf(err, "can't verify ref '%s'", lock->ref_name);
+			errno = save_errno;
+			return -1;
+		} else {
+			oidclr(&lock->old_oid);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	if (old_oid && oidcmp(&lock->old_oid, old_oid)) {
+		strbuf_addf(err, "ref '%s' is at %s but expected %s",
+			    lock->ref_name,
+			    oid_to_hex(&lock->old_oid),
+			    oid_to_hex(old_oid));
+		errno = EBUSY;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int remove_empty_directories(struct strbuf *path)
+{
+	/*
+	 * we want to create a file but there is a directory there;
+	 * if that is an empty directory (or a directory that contains
+	 * only empty directories), remove them.
+	 */
+	return remove_dir_recursively(path, REMOVE_DIR_EMPTY_ONLY);
+}
+
+static int create_reflock(const char *path, void *cb)
+{
+	struct lock_file *lk = cb;
+
+	return hold_lock_file_for_update_timeout(
+			lk, path, LOCK_NO_DEREF,
+			get_files_ref_lock_timeout_ms()) < 0 ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Locks a ref returning the lock on success and NULL on failure.
+ * On failure errno is set to something meaningful.
+ */
+static struct ref_lock *lock_ref_oid_basic(struct files_ref_store *refs,
+					   const char *refname,
+					   const struct object_id *old_oid,
+					   const struct string_list *extras,
+					   const struct string_list *skip,
+					   unsigned int flags, int *type,
+					   struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct strbuf ref_file = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct ref_lock *lock;
+	int last_errno = 0;
+	int mustexist = (old_oid && !is_null_oid(old_oid));
+	int resolve_flags = RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE;
+	int resolved;
+
+	files_assert_main_repository(refs, "lock_ref_oid_basic");
+	assert(err);
+
+	lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_lock));
+
+	if (mustexist)
+		resolve_flags |= RESOLVE_REF_READING;
+	if (flags & REF_DELETING)
+		resolve_flags |= RESOLVE_REF_ALLOW_BAD_NAME;
+
+	files_ref_path(refs, &ref_file, refname);
+	resolved = !!refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(&refs->base,
+					     refname, resolve_flags,
+					     &lock->old_oid, type);
+	if (!resolved && errno == EISDIR) {
+		/*
+		 * we are trying to lock foo but we used to
+		 * have foo/bar which now does not exist;
+		 * it is normal for the empty directory 'foo'
+		 * to remain.
+		 */
+		if (remove_empty_directories(&ref_file)) {
+			last_errno = errno;
+			if (!refs_verify_refname_available(
+					    &refs->base,
+					    refname, extras, skip, err))
+				strbuf_addf(err, "there are still refs under '%s'",
+					    refname);
+			goto error_return;
+		}
+		resolved = !!refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(&refs->base,
+						     refname, resolve_flags,
+						     &lock->old_oid, type);
+	}
+	if (!resolved) {
+		last_errno = errno;
+		if (last_errno != ENOTDIR ||
+		    !refs_verify_refname_available(&refs->base, refname,
+						   extras, skip, err))
+			strbuf_addf(err, "unable to resolve reference '%s': %s",
+				    refname, strerror(last_errno));
+
+		goto error_return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If the ref did not exist and we are creating it, make sure
+	 * there is no existing packed ref whose name begins with our
+	 * refname, nor a packed ref whose name is a proper prefix of
+	 * our refname.
+	 */
+	if (is_null_oid(&lock->old_oid) &&
+	    refs_verify_refname_available(refs->packed_ref_store, refname,
+					  extras, skip, err)) {
+		last_errno = ENOTDIR;
+		goto error_return;
+	}
+
+	lock->ref_name = xstrdup(refname);
+
+	if (raceproof_create_file(ref_file.buf, create_reflock, &lock->lk)) {
+		last_errno = errno;
+		unable_to_lock_message(ref_file.buf, errno, err);
+		goto error_return;
+	}
+
+	if (verify_lock(&refs->base, lock, old_oid, mustexist, err)) {
+		last_errno = errno;
+		goto error_return;
+	}
+	goto out;
+
+ error_return:
+	unlock_ref(lock);
+	lock = NULL;
+
+ out:
+	strbuf_release(&ref_file);
+	errno = last_errno;
+	return lock;
+}
+
+struct ref_to_prune {
+	struct ref_to_prune *next;
+	struct object_id oid;
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+
+enum {
+	REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REF = 0x01,
+	REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REFLOG = 0x02
+};
+
+/*
+ * Remove empty parent directories associated with the specified
+ * reference and/or its reflog, but spare [logs/]refs/ and immediate
+ * subdirs. flags is a combination of REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REF and/or
+ * REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REFLOG.
+ */
+static void try_remove_empty_parents(struct files_ref_store *refs,
+				     const char *refname,
+				     unsigned int flags)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *p, *q;
+	int i;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, refname);
+	p = buf.buf;
+	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) { /* refs/{heads,tags,...}/ */
+		while (*p && *p != '/')
+			p++;
+		/* tolerate duplicate slashes; see check_refname_format() */
+		while (*p == '/')
+			p++;
+	}
+	q = buf.buf + buf.len;
+	while (flags & (REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REF | REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REFLOG)) {
+		while (q > p && *q != '/')
+			q--;
+		while (q > p && *(q-1) == '/')
+			q--;
+		if (q == p)
+			break;
+		strbuf_setlen(&buf, q - buf.buf);
+
+		strbuf_reset(&sb);
+		files_ref_path(refs, &sb, buf.buf);
+		if ((flags & REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REF) && rmdir(sb.buf))
+			flags &= ~REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REF;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&sb);
+		files_reflog_path(refs, &sb, buf.buf);
+		if ((flags & REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REFLOG) && rmdir(sb.buf))
+			flags &= ~REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REFLOG;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+/* make sure nobody touched the ref, and unlink */
+static void prune_ref(struct files_ref_store *refs, struct ref_to_prune *r)
+{
+	struct ref_transaction *transaction;
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = -1;
+
+	if (check_refname_format(r->name, 0))
+		return;
+
+	transaction = ref_store_transaction_begin(&refs->base, &err);
+	if (!transaction)
+		goto cleanup;
+	ref_transaction_add_update(
+			transaction, r->name,
+			REF_NO_DEREF | REF_HAVE_NEW | REF_HAVE_OLD | REF_IS_PRUNING,
+			&null_oid, &r->oid, NULL);
+	if (ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err))
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	ret = 0;
+
+cleanup:
+	if (ret)
+		error("%s", err.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&err);
+	ref_transaction_free(transaction);
+	return;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Prune the loose versions of the references in the linked list
+ * `*refs_to_prune`, freeing the entries in the list as we go.
+ */
+static void prune_refs(struct files_ref_store *refs, struct ref_to_prune **refs_to_prune)
+{
+	while (*refs_to_prune) {
+		struct ref_to_prune *r = *refs_to_prune;
+		*refs_to_prune = r->next;
+		prune_ref(refs, r);
+		free(r);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return true if the specified reference should be packed.
+ */
+static int should_pack_ref(const char *refname,
+			   const struct object_id *oid, unsigned int ref_flags,
+			   unsigned int pack_flags)
+{
+	/* Do not pack per-worktree refs: */
+	if (ref_type(refname) != REF_TYPE_NORMAL)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Do not pack non-tags unless PACK_REFS_ALL is set: */
+	if (!(pack_flags & PACK_REFS_ALL) && !starts_with(refname, "refs/tags/"))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Do not pack symbolic refs: */
+	if (ref_flags & REF_ISSYMREF)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Do not pack broken refs: */
+	if (!ref_resolves_to_object(refname, oid, ref_flags))
+		return 0;
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int files_pack_refs(struct ref_store *ref_store, unsigned int flags)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE | REF_STORE_ODB,
+			       "pack_refs");
+	struct ref_iterator *iter;
+	int ok;
+	struct ref_to_prune *refs_to_prune = NULL;
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct ref_transaction *transaction;
+
+	transaction = ref_store_transaction_begin(refs->packed_ref_store, &err);
+	if (!transaction)
+		return -1;
+
+	packed_refs_lock(refs->packed_ref_store, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR, &err);
+
+	iter = cache_ref_iterator_begin(get_loose_ref_cache(refs), NULL, 0);
+	while ((ok = ref_iterator_advance(iter)) == ITER_OK) {
+		/*
+		 * If the loose reference can be packed, add an entry
+		 * in the packed ref cache. If the reference should be
+		 * pruned, also add it to refs_to_prune.
+		 */
+		if (!should_pack_ref(iter->refname, iter->oid, iter->flags,
+				     flags))
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * Add a reference creation for this reference to the
+		 * packed-refs transaction:
+		 */
+		if (ref_transaction_update(transaction, iter->refname,
+					   iter->oid, NULL,
+					   REF_NO_DEREF, NULL, &err))
+			die("failure preparing to create packed reference %s: %s",
+			    iter->refname, err.buf);
+
+		/* Schedule the loose reference for pruning if requested. */
+		if ((flags & PACK_REFS_PRUNE)) {
+			struct ref_to_prune *n;
+			FLEX_ALLOC_STR(n, name, iter->refname);
+			oidcpy(&n->oid, iter->oid);
+			n->next = refs_to_prune;
+			refs_to_prune = n;
+		}
+	}
+	if (ok != ITER_DONE)
+		die("error while iterating over references");
+
+	if (ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err))
+		die("unable to write new packed-refs: %s", err.buf);
+
+	ref_transaction_free(transaction);
+
+	packed_refs_unlock(refs->packed_ref_store);
+
+	prune_refs(refs, &refs_to_prune);
+	strbuf_release(&err);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int files_delete_refs(struct ref_store *ref_store, const char *msg,
+			     struct string_list *refnames, unsigned int flags)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE, "delete_refs");
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i, result = 0;
+
+	if (!refnames->nr)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (packed_refs_lock(refs->packed_ref_store, 0, &err))
+		goto error;
+
+	if (refs_delete_refs(refs->packed_ref_store, msg, refnames, flags)) {
+		packed_refs_unlock(refs->packed_ref_store);
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	packed_refs_unlock(refs->packed_ref_store);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < refnames->nr; i++) {
+		const char *refname = refnames->items[i].string;
+
+		if (refs_delete_ref(&refs->base, msg, refname, NULL, flags))
+			result |= error(_("could not remove reference %s"), refname);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&err);
+	return result;
+
+error:
+	/*
+	 * If we failed to rewrite the packed-refs file, then it is
+	 * unsafe to try to remove loose refs, because doing so might
+	 * expose an obsolete packed value for a reference that might
+	 * even point at an object that has been garbage collected.
+	 */
+	if (refnames->nr == 1)
+		error(_("could not delete reference %s: %s"),
+		      refnames->items[0].string, err.buf);
+	else
+		error(_("could not delete references: %s"), err.buf);
+
+	strbuf_release(&err);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * People using contrib's git-new-workdir have .git/logs/refs ->
+ * /some/other/path/.git/logs/refs, and that may live on another device.
+ *
+ * IOW, to avoid cross device rename errors, the temporary renamed log must
+ * live into logs/refs.
+ */
+#define TMP_RENAMED_LOG  "refs/.tmp-renamed-log"
+
+struct rename_cb {
+	const char *tmp_renamed_log;
+	int true_errno;
+};
+
+static int rename_tmp_log_callback(const char *path, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct rename_cb *cb = cb_data;
+
+	if (rename(cb->tmp_renamed_log, path)) {
+		/*
+		 * rename(a, b) when b is an existing directory ought
+		 * to result in ISDIR, but Solaris 5.8 gives ENOTDIR.
+		 * Sheesh. Record the true errno for error reporting,
+		 * but report EISDIR to raceproof_create_file() so
+		 * that it knows to retry.
+		 */
+		cb->true_errno = errno;
+		if (errno == ENOTDIR)
+			errno = EISDIR;
+		return -1;
+	} else {
+		return 0;
+	}
+}
+
+static int rename_tmp_log(struct files_ref_store *refs, const char *newrefname)
+{
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf tmp = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct rename_cb cb;
+	int ret;
+
+	files_reflog_path(refs, &path, newrefname);
+	files_reflog_path(refs, &tmp, TMP_RENAMED_LOG);
+	cb.tmp_renamed_log = tmp.buf;
+	ret = raceproof_create_file(path.buf, rename_tmp_log_callback, &cb);
+	if (ret) {
+		if (errno == EISDIR)
+			error("directory not empty: %s", path.buf);
+		else
+			error("unable to move logfile %s to %s: %s",
+			      tmp.buf, path.buf,
+			      strerror(cb.true_errno));
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+	strbuf_release(&tmp);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int write_ref_to_lockfile(struct ref_lock *lock,
+				 const struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *err);
+static int commit_ref_update(struct files_ref_store *refs,
+			     struct ref_lock *lock,
+			     const struct object_id *oid, const char *logmsg,
+			     struct strbuf *err);
+
+static int files_copy_or_rename_ref(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			    const char *oldrefname, const char *newrefname,
+			    const char *logmsg, int copy)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE, "rename_ref");
+	struct object_id oid, orig_oid;
+	int flag = 0, logmoved = 0;
+	struct ref_lock *lock;
+	struct stat loginfo;
+	struct strbuf sb_oldref = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf sb_newref = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf tmp_renamed_log = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int log, ret;
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	files_reflog_path(refs, &sb_oldref, oldrefname);
+	files_reflog_path(refs, &sb_newref, newrefname);
+	files_reflog_path(refs, &tmp_renamed_log, TMP_RENAMED_LOG);
+
+	log = !lstat(sb_oldref.buf, &loginfo);
+	if (log && S_ISLNK(loginfo.st_mode)) {
+		ret = error("reflog for %s is a symlink", oldrefname);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (!refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(&refs->base, oldrefname,
+				     RESOLVE_REF_READING | RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE,
+				&orig_oid, &flag)) {
+		ret = error("refname %s not found", oldrefname);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (flag & REF_ISSYMREF) {
+		if (copy)
+			ret = error("refname %s is a symbolic ref, copying it is not supported",
+				    oldrefname);
+		else
+			ret = error("refname %s is a symbolic ref, renaming it is not supported",
+				    oldrefname);
+		goto out;
+	}
+	if (!refs_rename_ref_available(&refs->base, oldrefname, newrefname)) {
+		ret = 1;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (!copy && log && rename(sb_oldref.buf, tmp_renamed_log.buf)) {
+		ret = error("unable to move logfile logs/%s to logs/"TMP_RENAMED_LOG": %s",
+			    oldrefname, strerror(errno));
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (copy && log && copy_file(tmp_renamed_log.buf, sb_oldref.buf, 0644)) {
+		ret = error("unable to copy logfile logs/%s to logs/"TMP_RENAMED_LOG": %s",
+			    oldrefname, strerror(errno));
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (!copy && refs_delete_ref(&refs->base, logmsg, oldrefname,
+			    &orig_oid, REF_NO_DEREF)) {
+		error("unable to delete old %s", oldrefname);
+		goto rollback;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Since we are doing a shallow lookup, oid is not the
+	 * correct value to pass to delete_ref as old_oid. But that
+	 * doesn't matter, because an old_oid check wouldn't add to
+	 * the safety anyway; we want to delete the reference whatever
+	 * its current value.
+	 */
+	if (!copy && !refs_read_ref_full(&refs->base, newrefname,
+				RESOLVE_REF_READING | RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE,
+				&oid, NULL) &&
+	    refs_delete_ref(&refs->base, NULL, newrefname,
+			    NULL, REF_NO_DEREF)) {
+		if (errno == EISDIR) {
+			struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+			int result;
+
+			files_ref_path(refs, &path, newrefname);
+			result = remove_empty_directories(&path);
+			strbuf_release(&path);
+
+			if (result) {
+				error("Directory not empty: %s", newrefname);
+				goto rollback;
+			}
+		} else {
+			error("unable to delete existing %s", newrefname);
+			goto rollback;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (log && rename_tmp_log(refs, newrefname))
+		goto rollback;
+
+	logmoved = log;
+
+	lock = lock_ref_oid_basic(refs, newrefname, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+				  REF_NO_DEREF, NULL, &err);
+	if (!lock) {
+		if (copy)
+			error("unable to copy '%s' to '%s': %s", oldrefname, newrefname, err.buf);
+		else
+			error("unable to rename '%s' to '%s': %s", oldrefname, newrefname, err.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&err);
+		goto rollback;
+	}
+	oidcpy(&lock->old_oid, &orig_oid);
+
+	if (write_ref_to_lockfile(lock, &orig_oid, &err) ||
+	    commit_ref_update(refs, lock, &orig_oid, logmsg, &err)) {
+		error("unable to write current sha1 into %s: %s", newrefname, err.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&err);
+		goto rollback;
+	}
+
+	ret = 0;
+	goto out;
+
+ rollback:
+	lock = lock_ref_oid_basic(refs, oldrefname, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+				  REF_NO_DEREF, NULL, &err);
+	if (!lock) {
+		error("unable to lock %s for rollback: %s", oldrefname, err.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&err);
+		goto rollbacklog;
+	}
+
+	flag = log_all_ref_updates;
+	log_all_ref_updates = LOG_REFS_NONE;
+	if (write_ref_to_lockfile(lock, &orig_oid, &err) ||
+	    commit_ref_update(refs, lock, &orig_oid, NULL, &err)) {
+		error("unable to write current sha1 into %s: %s", oldrefname, err.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&err);
+	}
+	log_all_ref_updates = flag;
+
+ rollbacklog:
+	if (logmoved && rename(sb_newref.buf, sb_oldref.buf))
+		error("unable to restore logfile %s from %s: %s",
+			oldrefname, newrefname, strerror(errno));
+	if (!logmoved && log &&
+	    rename(tmp_renamed_log.buf, sb_oldref.buf))
+		error("unable to restore logfile %s from logs/"TMP_RENAMED_LOG": %s",
+			oldrefname, strerror(errno));
+	ret = 1;
+ out:
+	strbuf_release(&sb_newref);
+	strbuf_release(&sb_oldref);
+	strbuf_release(&tmp_renamed_log);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int files_rename_ref(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			    const char *oldrefname, const char *newrefname,
+			    const char *logmsg)
+{
+	return files_copy_or_rename_ref(ref_store, oldrefname,
+				 newrefname, logmsg, 0);
+}
+
+static int files_copy_ref(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			    const char *oldrefname, const char *newrefname,
+			    const char *logmsg)
+{
+	return files_copy_or_rename_ref(ref_store, oldrefname,
+				 newrefname, logmsg, 1);
+}
+
+static int close_ref_gently(struct ref_lock *lock)
+{
+	if (close_lock_file_gently(&lock->lk))
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int commit_ref(struct ref_lock *lock)
+{
+	char *path = get_locked_file_path(&lock->lk);
+	struct stat st;
+
+	if (!lstat(path, &st) && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+		/*
+		 * There is a directory at the path we want to rename
+		 * the lockfile to. Hopefully it is empty; try to
+		 * delete it.
+		 */
+		size_t len = strlen(path);
+		struct strbuf sb_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		strbuf_attach(&sb_path, path, len, len);
+
+		/*
+		 * If this fails, commit_lock_file() will also fail
+		 * and will report the problem.
+		 */
+		remove_empty_directories(&sb_path);
+		strbuf_release(&sb_path);
+	} else {
+		free(path);
+	}
+
+	if (commit_lock_file(&lock->lk))
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int open_or_create_logfile(const char *path, void *cb)
+{
+	int *fd = cb;
+
+	*fd = open(path, O_APPEND | O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
+	return (*fd < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a reflog for a ref. If force_create = 0, only create the
+ * reflog for certain refs (those for which should_autocreate_reflog
+ * returns non-zero). Otherwise, create it regardless of the reference
+ * name. If the logfile already existed or was created, return 0 and
+ * set *logfd to the file descriptor opened for appending to the file.
+ * If no logfile exists and we decided not to create one, return 0 and
+ * set *logfd to -1. On failure, fill in *err, set *logfd to -1, and
+ * return -1.
+ */
+static int log_ref_setup(struct files_ref_store *refs,
+			 const char *refname, int force_create,
+			 int *logfd, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct strbuf logfile_sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *logfile;
+
+	files_reflog_path(refs, &logfile_sb, refname);
+	logfile = strbuf_detach(&logfile_sb, NULL);
+
+	if (force_create || should_autocreate_reflog(refname)) {
+		if (raceproof_create_file(logfile, open_or_create_logfile, logfd)) {
+			if (errno == ENOENT)
+				strbuf_addf(err, "unable to create directory for '%s': "
+					    "%s", logfile, strerror(errno));
+			else if (errno == EISDIR)
+				strbuf_addf(err, "there are still logs under '%s'",
+					    logfile);
+			else
+				strbuf_addf(err, "unable to append to '%s': %s",
+					    logfile, strerror(errno));
+
+			goto error;
+		}
+	} else {
+		*logfd = open(logfile, O_APPEND | O_WRONLY, 0666);
+		if (*logfd < 0) {
+			if (errno == ENOENT || errno == EISDIR) {
+				/*
+				 * The logfile doesn't already exist,
+				 * but that is not an error; it only
+				 * means that we won't write log
+				 * entries to it.
+				 */
+				;
+			} else {
+				strbuf_addf(err, "unable to append to '%s': %s",
+					    logfile, strerror(errno));
+				goto error;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (*logfd >= 0)
+		adjust_shared_perm(logfile);
+
+	free(logfile);
+	return 0;
+
+error:
+	free(logfile);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int files_create_reflog(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			       const char *refname, int force_create,
+			       struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE, "create_reflog");
+	int fd;
+
+	if (log_ref_setup(refs, refname, force_create, &fd, err))
+		return -1;
+
+	if (fd >= 0)
+		close(fd);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int log_ref_write_fd(int fd, const struct object_id *old_oid,
+			    const struct object_id *new_oid,
+			    const char *committer, const char *msg)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s %s %s", oid_to_hex(old_oid), oid_to_hex(new_oid), committer);
+	if (msg && *msg)
+		copy_reflog_msg(&sb, msg);
+	strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
+	if (write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len) < 0)
+		ret = -1;
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int files_log_ref_write(struct files_ref_store *refs,
+			       const char *refname, const struct object_id *old_oid,
+			       const struct object_id *new_oid, const char *msg,
+			       int flags, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	int logfd, result;
+
+	if (log_all_ref_updates == LOG_REFS_UNSET)
+		log_all_ref_updates = is_bare_repository() ? LOG_REFS_NONE : LOG_REFS_NORMAL;
+
+	result = log_ref_setup(refs, refname,
+			       flags & REF_FORCE_CREATE_REFLOG,
+			       &logfd, err);
+
+	if (result)
+		return result;
+
+	if (logfd < 0)
+		return 0;
+	result = log_ref_write_fd(logfd, old_oid, new_oid,
+				  git_committer_info(0), msg);
+	if (result) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int save_errno = errno;
+
+		files_reflog_path(refs, &sb, refname);
+		strbuf_addf(err, "unable to append to '%s': %s",
+			    sb.buf, strerror(save_errno));
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		close(logfd);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (close(logfd)) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int save_errno = errno;
+
+		files_reflog_path(refs, &sb, refname);
+		strbuf_addf(err, "unable to append to '%s': %s",
+			    sb.buf, strerror(save_errno));
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Write oid into the open lockfile, then close the lockfile. On
+ * errors, rollback the lockfile, fill in *err and return -1.
+ */
+static int write_ref_to_lockfile(struct ref_lock *lock,
+				 const struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	static char term = '\n';
+	struct object *o;
+	int fd;
+
+	o = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
+	if (!o) {
+		strbuf_addf(err,
+			    "trying to write ref '%s' with nonexistent object %s",
+			    lock->ref_name, oid_to_hex(oid));
+		unlock_ref(lock);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (o->type != OBJ_COMMIT && is_branch(lock->ref_name)) {
+		strbuf_addf(err,
+			    "trying to write non-commit object %s to branch '%s'",
+			    oid_to_hex(oid), lock->ref_name);
+		unlock_ref(lock);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	fd = get_lock_file_fd(&lock->lk);
+	if (write_in_full(fd, oid_to_hex(oid), the_hash_algo->hexsz) < 0 ||
+	    write_in_full(fd, &term, 1) < 0 ||
+	    close_ref_gently(lock) < 0) {
+		strbuf_addf(err,
+			    "couldn't write '%s'", get_lock_file_path(&lock->lk));
+		unlock_ref(lock);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Commit a change to a loose reference that has already been written
+ * to the loose reference lockfile. Also update the reflogs if
+ * necessary, using the specified lockmsg (which can be NULL).
+ */
+static int commit_ref_update(struct files_ref_store *refs,
+			     struct ref_lock *lock,
+			     const struct object_id *oid, const char *logmsg,
+			     struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	files_assert_main_repository(refs, "commit_ref_update");
+
+	clear_loose_ref_cache(refs);
+	if (files_log_ref_write(refs, lock->ref_name,
+				&lock->old_oid, oid,
+				logmsg, 0, err)) {
+		char *old_msg = strbuf_detach(err, NULL);
+		strbuf_addf(err, "cannot update the ref '%s': %s",
+			    lock->ref_name, old_msg);
+		free(old_msg);
+		unlock_ref(lock);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (strcmp(lock->ref_name, "HEAD") != 0) {
+		/*
+		 * Special hack: If a branch is updated directly and HEAD
+		 * points to it (may happen on the remote side of a push
+		 * for example) then logically the HEAD reflog should be
+		 * updated too.
+		 * A generic solution implies reverse symref information,
+		 * but finding all symrefs pointing to the given branch
+		 * would be rather costly for this rare event (the direct
+		 * update of a branch) to be worth it.  So let's cheat and
+		 * check with HEAD only which should cover 99% of all usage
+		 * scenarios (even 100% of the default ones).
+		 */
+		int head_flag;
+		const char *head_ref;
+
+		head_ref = refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(&refs->base, "HEAD",
+						   RESOLVE_REF_READING,
+						   NULL, &head_flag);
+		if (head_ref && (head_flag & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
+		    !strcmp(head_ref, lock->ref_name)) {
+			struct strbuf log_err = STRBUF_INIT;
+			if (files_log_ref_write(refs, "HEAD",
+						&lock->old_oid, oid,
+						logmsg, 0, &log_err)) {
+				error("%s", log_err.buf);
+				strbuf_release(&log_err);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (commit_ref(lock)) {
+		strbuf_addf(err, "couldn't set '%s'", lock->ref_name);
+		unlock_ref(lock);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	unlock_ref(lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int create_ref_symlink(struct ref_lock *lock, const char *target)
+{
+	int ret = -1;
+#ifndef NO_SYMLINK_HEAD
+	char *ref_path = get_locked_file_path(&lock->lk);
+	unlink(ref_path);
+	ret = symlink(target, ref_path);
+	free(ref_path);
+
+	if (ret)
+		fprintf(stderr, "no symlink - falling back to symbolic ref\n");
+#endif
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void update_symref_reflog(struct files_ref_store *refs,
+				 struct ref_lock *lock, const char *refname,
+				 const char *target, const char *logmsg)
+{
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct object_id new_oid;
+	if (logmsg &&
+	    !refs_read_ref_full(&refs->base, target,
+				RESOLVE_REF_READING, &new_oid, NULL) &&
+	    files_log_ref_write(refs, refname, &lock->old_oid,
+				&new_oid, logmsg, 0, &err)) {
+		error("%s", err.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&err);
+	}
+}
+
+static int create_symref_locked(struct files_ref_store *refs,
+				struct ref_lock *lock, const char *refname,
+				const char *target, const char *logmsg)
+{
+	if (prefer_symlink_refs && !create_ref_symlink(lock, target)) {
+		update_symref_reflog(refs, lock, refname, target, logmsg);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!fdopen_lock_file(&lock->lk, "w"))
+		return error("unable to fdopen %s: %s",
+			     lock->lk.tempfile->filename.buf, strerror(errno));
+
+	update_symref_reflog(refs, lock, refname, target, logmsg);
+
+	/* no error check; commit_ref will check ferror */
+	fprintf(lock->lk.tempfile->fp, "ref: %s\n", target);
+	if (commit_ref(lock) < 0)
+		return error("unable to write symref for %s: %s", refname,
+			     strerror(errno));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int files_create_symref(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			       const char *refname, const char *target,
+			       const char *logmsg)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE, "create_symref");
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct ref_lock *lock;
+	int ret;
+
+	lock = lock_ref_oid_basic(refs, refname, NULL,
+				  NULL, NULL, REF_NO_DEREF, NULL,
+				  &err);
+	if (!lock) {
+		error("%s", err.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&err);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	ret = create_symref_locked(refs, lock, refname, target, logmsg);
+	unlock_ref(lock);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int files_reflog_exists(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			       const char *refname)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_READ, "reflog_exists");
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct stat st;
+	int ret;
+
+	files_reflog_path(refs, &sb, refname);
+	ret = !lstat(sb.buf, &st) && S_ISREG(st.st_mode);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int files_delete_reflog(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			       const char *refname)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE, "delete_reflog");
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret;
+
+	files_reflog_path(refs, &sb, refname);
+	ret = remove_path(sb.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int show_one_reflog_ent(struct strbuf *sb, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct object_id ooid, noid;
+	char *email_end, *message;
+	timestamp_t timestamp;
+	int tz;
+	const char *p = sb->buf;
+
+	/* old SP new SP name <email> SP time TAB msg LF */
+	if (!sb->len || sb->buf[sb->len - 1] != '\n' ||
+	    parse_oid_hex(p, &ooid, &p) || *p++ != ' ' ||
+	    parse_oid_hex(p, &noid, &p) || *p++ != ' ' ||
+	    !(email_end = strchr(p, '>')) ||
+	    email_end[1] != ' ' ||
+	    !(timestamp = parse_timestamp(email_end + 2, &message, 10)) ||
+	    !message || message[0] != ' ' ||
+	    (message[1] != '+' && message[1] != '-') ||
+	    !isdigit(message[2]) || !isdigit(message[3]) ||
+	    !isdigit(message[4]) || !isdigit(message[5]))
+		return 0; /* corrupt? */
+	email_end[1] = '\0';
+	tz = strtol(message + 1, NULL, 10);
+	if (message[6] != '\t')
+		message += 6;
+	else
+		message += 7;
+	return fn(&ooid, &noid, p, timestamp, tz, message, cb_data);
+}
+
+static char *find_beginning_of_line(char *bob, char *scan)
+{
+	while (bob < scan && *(--scan) != '\n')
+		; /* keep scanning backwards */
+	/*
+	 * Return either beginning of the buffer, or LF at the end of
+	 * the previous line.
+	 */
+	return scan;
+}
+
+static int files_for_each_reflog_ent_reverse(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+					     const char *refname,
+					     each_reflog_ent_fn fn,
+					     void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_READ,
+			       "for_each_reflog_ent_reverse");
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *logfp;
+	long pos;
+	int ret = 0, at_tail = 1;
+
+	files_reflog_path(refs, &sb, refname);
+	logfp = fopen(sb.buf, "r");
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	if (!logfp)
+		return -1;
+
+	/* Jump to the end */
+	if (fseek(logfp, 0, SEEK_END) < 0)
+		ret = error("cannot seek back reflog for %s: %s",
+			    refname, strerror(errno));
+	pos = ftell(logfp);
+	while (!ret && 0 < pos) {
+		int cnt;
+		size_t nread;
+		char buf[BUFSIZ];
+		char *endp, *scanp;
+
+		/* Fill next block from the end */
+		cnt = (sizeof(buf) < pos) ? sizeof(buf) : pos;
+		if (fseek(logfp, pos - cnt, SEEK_SET)) {
+			ret = error("cannot seek back reflog for %s: %s",
+				    refname, strerror(errno));
+			break;
+		}
+		nread = fread(buf, cnt, 1, logfp);
+		if (nread != 1) {
+			ret = error("cannot read %d bytes from reflog for %s: %s",
+				    cnt, refname, strerror(errno));
+			break;
+		}
+		pos -= cnt;
+
+		scanp = endp = buf + cnt;
+		if (at_tail && scanp[-1] == '\n')
+			/* Looking at the final LF at the end of the file */
+			scanp--;
+		at_tail = 0;
+
+		while (buf < scanp) {
+			/*
+			 * terminating LF of the previous line, or the beginning
+			 * of the buffer.
+			 */
+			char *bp;
+
+			bp = find_beginning_of_line(buf, scanp);
+
+			if (*bp == '\n') {
+				/*
+				 * The newline is the end of the previous line,
+				 * so we know we have complete line starting
+				 * at (bp + 1). Prefix it onto any prior data
+				 * we collected for the line and process it.
+				 */
+				strbuf_splice(&sb, 0, 0, bp + 1, endp - (bp + 1));
+				scanp = bp;
+				endp = bp + 1;
+				ret = show_one_reflog_ent(&sb, fn, cb_data);
+				strbuf_reset(&sb);
+				if (ret)
+					break;
+			} else if (!pos) {
+				/*
+				 * We are at the start of the buffer, and the
+				 * start of the file; there is no previous
+				 * line, and we have everything for this one.
+				 * Process it, and we can end the loop.
+				 */
+				strbuf_splice(&sb, 0, 0, buf, endp - buf);
+				ret = show_one_reflog_ent(&sb, fn, cb_data);
+				strbuf_reset(&sb);
+				break;
+			}
+
+			if (bp == buf) {
+				/*
+				 * We are at the start of the buffer, and there
+				 * is more file to read backwards. Which means
+				 * we are in the middle of a line. Note that we
+				 * may get here even if *bp was a newline; that
+				 * just means we are at the exact end of the
+				 * previous line, rather than some spot in the
+				 * middle.
+				 *
+				 * Save away what we have to be combined with
+				 * the data from the next read.
+				 */
+				strbuf_splice(&sb, 0, 0, buf, endp - buf);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+	}
+	if (!ret && sb.len)
+		BUG("reverse reflog parser had leftover data");
+
+	fclose(logfp);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int files_for_each_reflog_ent(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+				     const char *refname,
+				     each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_READ,
+			       "for_each_reflog_ent");
+	FILE *logfp;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	files_reflog_path(refs, &sb, refname);
+	logfp = fopen(sb.buf, "r");
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	if (!logfp)
+		return -1;
+
+	while (!ret && !strbuf_getwholeline(&sb, logfp, '\n'))
+		ret = show_one_reflog_ent(&sb, fn, cb_data);
+	fclose(logfp);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+struct files_reflog_iterator {
+	struct ref_iterator base;
+
+	struct ref_store *ref_store;
+	struct dir_iterator *dir_iterator;
+	struct object_id oid;
+};
+
+static int files_reflog_iterator_advance(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
+{
+	struct files_reflog_iterator *iter =
+		(struct files_reflog_iterator *)ref_iterator;
+	struct dir_iterator *diter = iter->dir_iterator;
+	int ok;
+
+	while ((ok = dir_iterator_advance(diter)) == ITER_OK) {
+		int flags;
+
+		if (!S_ISREG(diter->st.st_mode))
+			continue;
+		if (diter->basename[0] == '.')
+			continue;
+		if (ends_with(diter->basename, ".lock"))
+			continue;
+
+		if (refs_read_ref_full(iter->ref_store,
+				       diter->relative_path, 0,
+				       &iter->oid, &flags)) {
+			error("bad ref for %s", diter->path.buf);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		iter->base.refname = diter->relative_path;
+		iter->base.oid = &iter->oid;
+		iter->base.flags = flags;
+		return ITER_OK;
+	}
+
+	iter->dir_iterator = NULL;
+	if (ref_iterator_abort(ref_iterator) == ITER_ERROR)
+		ok = ITER_ERROR;
+	return ok;
+}
+
+static int files_reflog_iterator_peel(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator,
+				   struct object_id *peeled)
+{
+	BUG("ref_iterator_peel() called for reflog_iterator");
+}
+
+static int files_reflog_iterator_abort(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
+{
+	struct files_reflog_iterator *iter =
+		(struct files_reflog_iterator *)ref_iterator;
+	int ok = ITER_DONE;
+
+	if (iter->dir_iterator)
+		ok = dir_iterator_abort(iter->dir_iterator);
+
+	base_ref_iterator_free(ref_iterator);
+	return ok;
+}
+
+static struct ref_iterator_vtable files_reflog_iterator_vtable = {
+	files_reflog_iterator_advance,
+	files_reflog_iterator_peel,
+	files_reflog_iterator_abort
+};
+
+static struct ref_iterator *reflog_iterator_begin(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+						  const char *gitdir)
+{
+	struct files_reflog_iterator *iter = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*iter));
+	struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator = &iter->base;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	base_ref_iterator_init(ref_iterator, &files_reflog_iterator_vtable, 0);
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/logs", gitdir);
+	iter->dir_iterator = dir_iterator_begin(sb.buf);
+	iter->ref_store = ref_store;
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+	return ref_iterator;
+}
+
+static enum iterator_selection reflog_iterator_select(
+	struct ref_iterator *iter_worktree,
+	struct ref_iterator *iter_common,
+	void *cb_data)
+{
+	if (iter_worktree) {
+		/*
+		 * We're a bit loose here. We probably should ignore
+		 * common refs if they are accidentally added as
+		 * per-worktree refs.
+		 */
+		return ITER_SELECT_0;
+	} else if (iter_common) {
+		if (ref_type(iter_common->refname) == REF_TYPE_NORMAL)
+			return ITER_SELECT_1;
+
+		/*
+		 * The main ref store may contain main worktree's
+		 * per-worktree refs, which should be ignored
+		 */
+		return ITER_SKIP_1;
+	} else
+		return ITER_DONE;
+}
+
+static struct ref_iterator *files_reflog_iterator_begin(struct ref_store *ref_store)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_READ,
+			       "reflog_iterator_begin");
+
+	if (!strcmp(refs->gitdir, refs->gitcommondir)) {
+		return reflog_iterator_begin(ref_store, refs->gitcommondir);
+	} else {
+		return merge_ref_iterator_begin(
+			0,
+			reflog_iterator_begin(ref_store, refs->gitdir),
+			reflog_iterator_begin(ref_store, refs->gitcommondir),
+			reflog_iterator_select, refs);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * If update is a direct update of head_ref (the reference pointed to
+ * by HEAD), then add an extra REF_LOG_ONLY update for HEAD.
+ */
+static int split_head_update(struct ref_update *update,
+			     struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+			     const char *head_ref,
+			     struct string_list *affected_refnames,
+			     struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	struct ref_update *new_update;
+
+	if ((update->flags & REF_LOG_ONLY) ||
+	    (update->flags & REF_IS_PRUNING) ||
+	    (update->flags & REF_UPDATE_VIA_HEAD))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (strcmp(update->refname, head_ref))
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * First make sure that HEAD is not already in the
+	 * transaction. This check is O(lg N) in the transaction
+	 * size, but it happens at most once per transaction.
+	 */
+	if (string_list_has_string(affected_refnames, "HEAD")) {
+		/* An entry already existed */
+		strbuf_addf(err,
+			    "multiple updates for 'HEAD' (including one "
+			    "via its referent '%s') are not allowed",
+			    update->refname);
+		return TRANSACTION_NAME_CONFLICT;
+	}
+
+	new_update = ref_transaction_add_update(
+			transaction, "HEAD",
+			update->flags | REF_LOG_ONLY | REF_NO_DEREF,
+			&update->new_oid, &update->old_oid,
+			update->msg);
+
+	/*
+	 * Add "HEAD". This insertion is O(N) in the transaction
+	 * size, but it happens at most once per transaction.
+	 * Add new_update->refname instead of a literal "HEAD".
+	 */
+	if (strcmp(new_update->refname, "HEAD"))
+		BUG("%s unexpectedly not 'HEAD'", new_update->refname);
+	item = string_list_insert(affected_refnames, new_update->refname);
+	item->util = new_update;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * update is for a symref that points at referent and doesn't have
+ * REF_NO_DEREF set. Split it into two updates:
+ * - The original update, but with REF_LOG_ONLY and REF_NO_DEREF set
+ * - A new, separate update for the referent reference
+ * Note that the new update will itself be subject to splitting when
+ * the iteration gets to it.
+ */
+static int split_symref_update(struct files_ref_store *refs,
+			       struct ref_update *update,
+			       const char *referent,
+			       struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+			       struct string_list *affected_refnames,
+			       struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	struct ref_update *new_update;
+	unsigned int new_flags;
+
+	/*
+	 * First make sure that referent is not already in the
+	 * transaction. This check is O(lg N) in the transaction
+	 * size, but it happens at most once per symref in a
+	 * transaction.
+	 */
+	if (string_list_has_string(affected_refnames, referent)) {
+		/* An entry already exists */
+		strbuf_addf(err,
+			    "multiple updates for '%s' (including one "
+			    "via symref '%s') are not allowed",
+			    referent, update->refname);
+		return TRANSACTION_NAME_CONFLICT;
+	}
+
+	new_flags = update->flags;
+	if (!strcmp(update->refname, "HEAD")) {
+		/*
+		 * Record that the new update came via HEAD, so that
+		 * when we process it, split_head_update() doesn't try
+		 * to add another reflog update for HEAD. Note that
+		 * this bit will be propagated if the new_update
+		 * itself needs to be split.
+		 */
+		new_flags |= REF_UPDATE_VIA_HEAD;
+	}
+
+	new_update = ref_transaction_add_update(
+			transaction, referent, new_flags,
+			&update->new_oid, &update->old_oid,
+			update->msg);
+
+	new_update->parent_update = update;
+
+	/*
+	 * Change the symbolic ref update to log only. Also, it
+	 * doesn't need to check its old OID value, as that will be
+	 * done when new_update is processed.
+	 */
+	update->flags |= REF_LOG_ONLY | REF_NO_DEREF;
+	update->flags &= ~REF_HAVE_OLD;
+
+	/*
+	 * Add the referent. This insertion is O(N) in the transaction
+	 * size, but it happens at most once per symref in a
+	 * transaction. Make sure to add new_update->refname, which will
+	 * be valid as long as affected_refnames is in use, and NOT
+	 * referent, which might soon be freed by our caller.
+	 */
+	item = string_list_insert(affected_refnames, new_update->refname);
+	if (item->util)
+		BUG("%s unexpectedly found in affected_refnames",
+		    new_update->refname);
+	item->util = new_update;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the refname under which update was originally requested.
+ */
+static const char *original_update_refname(struct ref_update *update)
+{
+	while (update->parent_update)
+		update = update->parent_update;
+
+	return update->refname;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check whether the REF_HAVE_OLD and old_oid values stored in update
+ * are consistent with oid, which is the reference's current value. If
+ * everything is OK, return 0; otherwise, write an error message to
+ * err and return -1.
+ */
+static int check_old_oid(struct ref_update *update, struct object_id *oid,
+			 struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	if (!(update->flags & REF_HAVE_OLD) ||
+		   !oidcmp(oid, &update->old_oid))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (is_null_oid(&update->old_oid))
+		strbuf_addf(err, "cannot lock ref '%s': "
+			    "reference already exists",
+			    original_update_refname(update));
+	else if (is_null_oid(oid))
+		strbuf_addf(err, "cannot lock ref '%s': "
+			    "reference is missing but expected %s",
+			    original_update_refname(update),
+			    oid_to_hex(&update->old_oid));
+	else
+		strbuf_addf(err, "cannot lock ref '%s': "
+			    "is at %s but expected %s",
+			    original_update_refname(update),
+			    oid_to_hex(oid),
+			    oid_to_hex(&update->old_oid));
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Prepare for carrying out update:
+ * - Lock the reference referred to by update.
+ * - Read the reference under lock.
+ * - Check that its old OID value (if specified) is correct, and in
+ *   any case record it in update->lock->old_oid for later use when
+ *   writing the reflog.
+ * - If it is a symref update without REF_NO_DEREF, split it up into a
+ *   REF_LOG_ONLY update of the symref and add a separate update for
+ *   the referent to transaction.
+ * - If it is an update of head_ref, add a corresponding REF_LOG_ONLY
+ *   update of HEAD.
+ */
+static int lock_ref_for_update(struct files_ref_store *refs,
+			       struct ref_update *update,
+			       struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+			       const char *head_ref,
+			       struct string_list *affected_refnames,
+			       struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct strbuf referent = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int mustexist = (update->flags & REF_HAVE_OLD) &&
+		!is_null_oid(&update->old_oid);
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct ref_lock *lock;
+
+	files_assert_main_repository(refs, "lock_ref_for_update");
+
+	if ((update->flags & REF_HAVE_NEW) && is_null_oid(&update->new_oid))
+		update->flags |= REF_DELETING;
+
+	if (head_ref) {
+		ret = split_head_update(update, transaction, head_ref,
+					affected_refnames, err);
+		if (ret)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = lock_raw_ref(refs, update->refname, mustexist,
+			   affected_refnames, NULL,
+			   &lock, &referent,
+			   &update->type, err);
+	if (ret) {
+		char *reason;
+
+		reason = strbuf_detach(err, NULL);
+		strbuf_addf(err, "cannot lock ref '%s': %s",
+			    original_update_refname(update), reason);
+		free(reason);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	update->backend_data = lock;
+
+	if (update->type & REF_ISSYMREF) {
+		if (update->flags & REF_NO_DEREF) {
+			/*
+			 * We won't be reading the referent as part of
+			 * the transaction, so we have to read it here
+			 * to record and possibly check old_oid:
+			 */
+			if (refs_read_ref_full(&refs->base,
+					       referent.buf, 0,
+					       &lock->old_oid, NULL)) {
+				if (update->flags & REF_HAVE_OLD) {
+					strbuf_addf(err, "cannot lock ref '%s': "
+						    "error reading reference",
+						    original_update_refname(update));
+					ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+					goto out;
+				}
+			} else if (check_old_oid(update, &lock->old_oid, err)) {
+				ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+				goto out;
+			}
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * Create a new update for the reference this
+			 * symref is pointing at. Also, we will record
+			 * and verify old_oid for this update as part
+			 * of processing the split-off update, so we
+			 * don't have to do it here.
+			 */
+			ret = split_symref_update(refs, update,
+						  referent.buf, transaction,
+						  affected_refnames, err);
+			if (ret)
+				goto out;
+		}
+	} else {
+		struct ref_update *parent_update;
+
+		if (check_old_oid(update, &lock->old_oid, err)) {
+			ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * If this update is happening indirectly because of a
+		 * symref update, record the old OID in the parent
+		 * update:
+		 */
+		for (parent_update = update->parent_update;
+		     parent_update;
+		     parent_update = parent_update->parent_update) {
+			struct ref_lock *parent_lock = parent_update->backend_data;
+			oidcpy(&parent_lock->old_oid, &lock->old_oid);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ((update->flags & REF_HAVE_NEW) &&
+	    !(update->flags & REF_DELETING) &&
+	    !(update->flags & REF_LOG_ONLY)) {
+		if (!(update->type & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
+		    !oidcmp(&lock->old_oid, &update->new_oid)) {
+			/*
+			 * The reference already has the desired
+			 * value, so we don't need to write it.
+			 */
+		} else if (write_ref_to_lockfile(lock, &update->new_oid,
+						 err)) {
+			char *write_err = strbuf_detach(err, NULL);
+
+			/*
+			 * The lock was freed upon failure of
+			 * write_ref_to_lockfile():
+			 */
+			update->backend_data = NULL;
+			strbuf_addf(err,
+				    "cannot update ref '%s': %s",
+				    update->refname, write_err);
+			free(write_err);
+			ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+			goto out;
+		} else {
+			update->flags |= REF_NEEDS_COMMIT;
+		}
+	}
+	if (!(update->flags & REF_NEEDS_COMMIT)) {
+		/*
+		 * We didn't call write_ref_to_lockfile(), so
+		 * the lockfile is still open. Close it to
+		 * free up the file descriptor:
+		 */
+		if (close_ref_gently(lock)) {
+			strbuf_addf(err, "couldn't close '%s.lock'",
+				    update->refname);
+			ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+out:
+	strbuf_release(&referent);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+struct files_transaction_backend_data {
+	struct ref_transaction *packed_transaction;
+	int packed_refs_locked;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Unlock any references in `transaction` that are still locked, and
+ * mark the transaction closed.
+ */
+static void files_transaction_cleanup(struct files_ref_store *refs,
+				      struct ref_transaction *transaction)
+{
+	size_t i;
+	struct files_transaction_backend_data *backend_data =
+		transaction->backend_data;
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
+		struct ref_lock *lock = update->backend_data;
+
+		if (lock) {
+			unlock_ref(lock);
+			update->backend_data = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (backend_data->packed_transaction &&
+	    ref_transaction_abort(backend_data->packed_transaction, &err)) {
+		error("error aborting transaction: %s", err.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&err);
+	}
+
+	if (backend_data->packed_refs_locked)
+		packed_refs_unlock(refs->packed_ref_store);
+
+	free(backend_data);
+
+	transaction->state = REF_TRANSACTION_CLOSED;
+}
+
+static int files_transaction_prepare(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+				     struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+				     struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE,
+			       "ref_transaction_prepare");
+	size_t i;
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct string_list affected_refnames = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	char *head_ref = NULL;
+	int head_type;
+	struct files_transaction_backend_data *backend_data;
+	struct ref_transaction *packed_transaction = NULL;
+
+	assert(err);
+
+	if (!transaction->nr)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	backend_data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*backend_data));
+	transaction->backend_data = backend_data;
+
+	/*
+	 * Fail if a refname appears more than once in the
+	 * transaction. (If we end up splitting up any updates using
+	 * split_symref_update() or split_head_update(), those
+	 * functions will check that the new updates don't have the
+	 * same refname as any existing ones.) Also fail if any of the
+	 * updates use REF_IS_PRUNING without REF_NO_DEREF.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
+		struct string_list_item *item =
+			string_list_append(&affected_refnames, update->refname);
+
+		if ((update->flags & REF_IS_PRUNING) &&
+		    !(update->flags & REF_NO_DEREF))
+			BUG("REF_IS_PRUNING set without REF_NO_DEREF");
+
+		/*
+		 * We store a pointer to update in item->util, but at
+		 * the moment we never use the value of this field
+		 * except to check whether it is non-NULL.
+		 */
+		item->util = update;
+	}
+	string_list_sort(&affected_refnames);
+	if (ref_update_reject_duplicates(&affected_refnames, err)) {
+		ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Special hack: If a branch is updated directly and HEAD
+	 * points to it (may happen on the remote side of a push
+	 * for example) then logically the HEAD reflog should be
+	 * updated too.
+	 *
+	 * A generic solution would require reverse symref lookups,
+	 * but finding all symrefs pointing to a given branch would be
+	 * rather costly for this rare event (the direct update of a
+	 * branch) to be worth it. So let's cheat and check with HEAD
+	 * only, which should cover 99% of all usage scenarios (even
+	 * 100% of the default ones).
+	 *
+	 * So if HEAD is a symbolic reference, then record the name of
+	 * the reference that it points to. If we see an update of
+	 * head_ref within the transaction, then split_head_update()
+	 * arranges for the reflog of HEAD to be updated, too.
+	 */
+	head_ref = refs_resolve_refdup(ref_store, "HEAD",
+				       RESOLVE_REF_NO_RECURSE,
+				       NULL, &head_type);
+
+	if (head_ref && !(head_type & REF_ISSYMREF)) {
+		FREE_AND_NULL(head_ref);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Acquire all locks, verify old values if provided, check
+	 * that new values are valid, and write new values to the
+	 * lockfiles, ready to be activated. Only keep one lockfile
+	 * open at a time to avoid running out of file descriptors.
+	 * Note that lock_ref_for_update() might append more updates
+	 * to the transaction.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
+
+		ret = lock_ref_for_update(refs, update, transaction,
+					  head_ref, &affected_refnames, err);
+		if (ret)
+			goto cleanup;
+
+		if (update->flags & REF_DELETING &&
+		    !(update->flags & REF_LOG_ONLY) &&
+		    !(update->flags & REF_IS_PRUNING)) {
+			/*
+			 * This reference has to be deleted from
+			 * packed-refs if it exists there.
+			 */
+			if (!packed_transaction) {
+				packed_transaction = ref_store_transaction_begin(
+						refs->packed_ref_store, err);
+				if (!packed_transaction) {
+					ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+					goto cleanup;
+				}
+
+				backend_data->packed_transaction =
+					packed_transaction;
+			}
+
+			ref_transaction_add_update(
+					packed_transaction, update->refname,
+					REF_HAVE_NEW | REF_NO_DEREF,
+					&update->new_oid, NULL,
+					NULL);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (packed_transaction) {
+		if (packed_refs_lock(refs->packed_ref_store, 0, err)) {
+			ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+		backend_data->packed_refs_locked = 1;
+
+		if (is_packed_transaction_needed(refs->packed_ref_store,
+						 packed_transaction)) {
+			ret = ref_transaction_prepare(packed_transaction, err);
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * We can skip rewriting the `packed-refs`
+			 * file. But we do need to leave it locked, so
+			 * that somebody else doesn't pack a reference
+			 * that we are trying to delete.
+			 */
+			if (ref_transaction_abort(packed_transaction, err)) {
+				ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+				goto cleanup;
+			}
+			backend_data->packed_transaction = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+cleanup:
+	free(head_ref);
+	string_list_clear(&affected_refnames, 0);
+
+	if (ret)
+		files_transaction_cleanup(refs, transaction);
+	else
+		transaction->state = REF_TRANSACTION_PREPARED;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int files_transaction_finish(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+				    struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+				    struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, 0, "ref_transaction_finish");
+	size_t i;
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct files_transaction_backend_data *backend_data;
+	struct ref_transaction *packed_transaction;
+
+
+	assert(err);
+
+	if (!transaction->nr) {
+		transaction->state = REF_TRANSACTION_CLOSED;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	backend_data = transaction->backend_data;
+	packed_transaction = backend_data->packed_transaction;
+
+	/* Perform updates first so live commits remain referenced */
+	for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
+		struct ref_lock *lock = update->backend_data;
+
+		if (update->flags & REF_NEEDS_COMMIT ||
+		    update->flags & REF_LOG_ONLY) {
+			if (files_log_ref_write(refs,
+						lock->ref_name,
+						&lock->old_oid,
+						&update->new_oid,
+						update->msg, update->flags,
+						err)) {
+				char *old_msg = strbuf_detach(err, NULL);
+
+				strbuf_addf(err, "cannot update the ref '%s': %s",
+					    lock->ref_name, old_msg);
+				free(old_msg);
+				unlock_ref(lock);
+				update->backend_data = NULL;
+				ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+				goto cleanup;
+			}
+		}
+		if (update->flags & REF_NEEDS_COMMIT) {
+			clear_loose_ref_cache(refs);
+			if (commit_ref(lock)) {
+				strbuf_addf(err, "couldn't set '%s'", lock->ref_name);
+				unlock_ref(lock);
+				update->backend_data = NULL;
+				ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+				goto cleanup;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Now that updates are safely completed, we can perform
+	 * deletes. First delete the reflogs of any references that
+	 * will be deleted, since (in the unexpected event of an
+	 * error) leaving a reference without a reflog is less bad
+	 * than leaving a reflog without a reference (the latter is a
+	 * mildly invalid repository state):
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
+		if (update->flags & REF_DELETING &&
+		    !(update->flags & REF_LOG_ONLY) &&
+		    !(update->flags & REF_IS_PRUNING)) {
+			strbuf_reset(&sb);
+			files_reflog_path(refs, &sb, update->refname);
+			if (!unlink_or_warn(sb.buf))
+				try_remove_empty_parents(refs, update->refname,
+							 REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REFLOG);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Perform deletes now that updates are safely completed.
+	 *
+	 * First delete any packed versions of the references, while
+	 * retaining the packed-refs lock:
+	 */
+	if (packed_transaction) {
+		ret = ref_transaction_commit(packed_transaction, err);
+		ref_transaction_free(packed_transaction);
+		packed_transaction = NULL;
+		backend_data->packed_transaction = NULL;
+		if (ret)
+			goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	/* Now delete the loose versions of the references: */
+	for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
+		struct ref_lock *lock = update->backend_data;
+
+		if (update->flags & REF_DELETING &&
+		    !(update->flags & REF_LOG_ONLY)) {
+			if (!(update->type & REF_ISPACKED) ||
+			    update->type & REF_ISSYMREF) {
+				/* It is a loose reference. */
+				strbuf_reset(&sb);
+				files_ref_path(refs, &sb, lock->ref_name);
+				if (unlink_or_msg(sb.buf, err)) {
+					ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+					goto cleanup;
+				}
+				update->flags |= REF_DELETED_LOOSE;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	clear_loose_ref_cache(refs);
+
+cleanup:
+	files_transaction_cleanup(refs, transaction);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
+
+		if (update->flags & REF_DELETED_LOOSE) {
+			/*
+			 * The loose reference was deleted. Delete any
+			 * empty parent directories. (Note that this
+			 * can only work because we have already
+			 * removed the lockfile.)
+			 */
+			try_remove_empty_parents(refs, update->refname,
+						 REMOVE_EMPTY_PARENTS_REF);
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int files_transaction_abort(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+				   struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+				   struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, 0, "ref_transaction_abort");
+
+	files_transaction_cleanup(refs, transaction);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ref_present(const char *refname,
+		       const struct object_id *oid, int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct string_list *affected_refnames = cb_data;
+
+	return string_list_has_string(affected_refnames, refname);
+}
+
+static int files_initial_transaction_commit(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+					    struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+					    struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE,
+			       "initial_ref_transaction_commit");
+	size_t i;
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct string_list affected_refnames = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	struct ref_transaction *packed_transaction = NULL;
+
+	assert(err);
+
+	if (transaction->state != REF_TRANSACTION_OPEN)
+		BUG("commit called for transaction that is not open");
+
+	/* Fail if a refname appears more than once in the transaction: */
+	for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++)
+		string_list_append(&affected_refnames,
+				   transaction->updates[i]->refname);
+	string_list_sort(&affected_refnames);
+	if (ref_update_reject_duplicates(&affected_refnames, err)) {
+		ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * It's really undefined to call this function in an active
+	 * repository or when there are existing references: we are
+	 * only locking and changing packed-refs, so (1) any
+	 * simultaneous processes might try to change a reference at
+	 * the same time we do, and (2) any existing loose versions of
+	 * the references that we are setting would have precedence
+	 * over our values. But some remote helpers create the remote
+	 * "HEAD" and "master" branches before calling this function,
+	 * so here we really only check that none of the references
+	 * that we are creating already exists.
+	 */
+	if (refs_for_each_rawref(&refs->base, ref_present,
+				 &affected_refnames))
+		BUG("initial ref transaction called with existing refs");
+
+	packed_transaction = ref_store_transaction_begin(refs->packed_ref_store, err);
+	if (!packed_transaction) {
+		ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
+
+		if ((update->flags & REF_HAVE_OLD) &&
+		    !is_null_oid(&update->old_oid))
+			BUG("initial ref transaction with old_sha1 set");
+		if (refs_verify_refname_available(&refs->base, update->refname,
+						  &affected_refnames, NULL,
+						  err)) {
+			ret = TRANSACTION_NAME_CONFLICT;
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Add a reference creation for this reference to the
+		 * packed-refs transaction:
+		 */
+		ref_transaction_add_update(packed_transaction, update->refname,
+					   update->flags & ~REF_HAVE_OLD,
+					   &update->new_oid, &update->old_oid,
+					   NULL);
+	}
+
+	if (packed_refs_lock(refs->packed_ref_store, 0, err)) {
+		ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	if (initial_ref_transaction_commit(packed_transaction, err)) {
+		ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+	}
+
+	packed_refs_unlock(refs->packed_ref_store);
+cleanup:
+	if (packed_transaction)
+		ref_transaction_free(packed_transaction);
+	transaction->state = REF_TRANSACTION_CLOSED;
+	string_list_clear(&affected_refnames, 0);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+struct expire_reflog_cb {
+	unsigned int flags;
+	reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn *should_prune_fn;
+	void *policy_cb;
+	FILE *newlog;
+	struct object_id last_kept_oid;
+};
+
+static int expire_reflog_ent(struct object_id *ooid, struct object_id *noid,
+			     const char *email, timestamp_t timestamp, int tz,
+			     const char *message, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct expire_reflog_cb *cb = cb_data;
+	struct expire_reflog_policy_cb *policy_cb = cb->policy_cb;
+
+	if (cb->flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_REWRITE)
+		ooid = &cb->last_kept_oid;
+
+	if ((*cb->should_prune_fn)(ooid, noid, email, timestamp, tz,
+				   message, policy_cb)) {
+		if (!cb->newlog)
+			printf("would prune %s", message);
+		else if (cb->flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_VERBOSE)
+			printf("prune %s", message);
+	} else {
+		if (cb->newlog) {
+			fprintf(cb->newlog, "%s %s %s %"PRItime" %+05d\t%s",
+				oid_to_hex(ooid), oid_to_hex(noid),
+				email, timestamp, tz, message);
+			oidcpy(&cb->last_kept_oid, noid);
+		}
+		if (cb->flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_VERBOSE)
+			printf("keep %s", message);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int files_reflog_expire(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			       const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+			       unsigned int flags,
+			       reflog_expiry_prepare_fn prepare_fn,
+			       reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn should_prune_fn,
+			       reflog_expiry_cleanup_fn cleanup_fn,
+			       void *policy_cb_data)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE, "reflog_expire");
+	struct lock_file reflog_lock = LOCK_INIT;
+	struct expire_reflog_cb cb;
+	struct ref_lock *lock;
+	struct strbuf log_file_sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *log_file;
+	int status = 0;
+	int type;
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	memset(&cb, 0, sizeof(cb));
+	cb.flags = flags;
+	cb.policy_cb = policy_cb_data;
+	cb.should_prune_fn = should_prune_fn;
+
+	/*
+	 * The reflog file is locked by holding the lock on the
+	 * reference itself, plus we might need to update the
+	 * reference if --updateref was specified:
+	 */
+	lock = lock_ref_oid_basic(refs, refname, oid,
+				  NULL, NULL, REF_NO_DEREF,
+				  &type, &err);
+	if (!lock) {
+		error("cannot lock ref '%s': %s", refname, err.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&err);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (!refs_reflog_exists(ref_store, refname)) {
+		unlock_ref(lock);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	files_reflog_path(refs, &log_file_sb, refname);
+	log_file = strbuf_detach(&log_file_sb, NULL);
+	if (!(flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_DRY_RUN)) {
+		/*
+		 * Even though holding $GIT_DIR/logs/$reflog.lock has
+		 * no locking implications, we use the lock_file
+		 * machinery here anyway because it does a lot of the
+		 * work we need, including cleaning up if the program
+		 * exits unexpectedly.
+		 */
+		if (hold_lock_file_for_update(&reflog_lock, log_file, 0) < 0) {
+			struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+			unable_to_lock_message(log_file, errno, &err);
+			error("%s", err.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&err);
+			goto failure;
+		}
+		cb.newlog = fdopen_lock_file(&reflog_lock, "w");
+		if (!cb.newlog) {
+			error("cannot fdopen %s (%s)",
+			      get_lock_file_path(&reflog_lock), strerror(errno));
+			goto failure;
+		}
+	}
+
+	(*prepare_fn)(refname, oid, cb.policy_cb);
+	refs_for_each_reflog_ent(ref_store, refname, expire_reflog_ent, &cb);
+	(*cleanup_fn)(cb.policy_cb);
+
+	if (!(flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_DRY_RUN)) {
+		/*
+		 * It doesn't make sense to adjust a reference pointed
+		 * to by a symbolic ref based on expiring entries in
+		 * the symbolic reference's reflog. Nor can we update
+		 * a reference if there are no remaining reflog
+		 * entries.
+		 */
+		int update = (flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_UPDATE_REF) &&
+			!(type & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
+			!is_null_oid(&cb.last_kept_oid);
+
+		if (close_lock_file_gently(&reflog_lock)) {
+			status |= error("couldn't write %s: %s", log_file,
+					strerror(errno));
+			rollback_lock_file(&reflog_lock);
+		} else if (update &&
+			   (write_in_full(get_lock_file_fd(&lock->lk),
+				oid_to_hex(&cb.last_kept_oid), the_hash_algo->hexsz) < 0 ||
+			    write_str_in_full(get_lock_file_fd(&lock->lk), "\n") < 0 ||
+			    close_ref_gently(lock) < 0)) {
+			status |= error("couldn't write %s",
+					get_lock_file_path(&lock->lk));
+			rollback_lock_file(&reflog_lock);
+		} else if (commit_lock_file(&reflog_lock)) {
+			status |= error("unable to write reflog '%s' (%s)",
+					log_file, strerror(errno));
+		} else if (update && commit_ref(lock)) {
+			status |= error("couldn't set %s", lock->ref_name);
+		}
+	}
+	free(log_file);
+	unlock_ref(lock);
+	return status;
+
+ failure:
+	rollback_lock_file(&reflog_lock);
+	free(log_file);
+	unlock_ref(lock);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int files_init_db(struct ref_store *ref_store, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct files_ref_store *refs =
+		files_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE, "init_db");
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	/*
+	 * Create .git/refs/{heads,tags}
+	 */
+	files_ref_path(refs, &sb, "refs/heads");
+	safe_create_dir(sb.buf, 1);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	files_ref_path(refs, &sb, "refs/tags");
+	safe_create_dir(sb.buf, 1);
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct ref_storage_be refs_be_files = {
+	NULL,
+	"files",
+	files_ref_store_create,
+	files_init_db,
+	files_transaction_prepare,
+	files_transaction_finish,
+	files_transaction_abort,
+	files_initial_transaction_commit,
+
+	files_pack_refs,
+	files_create_symref,
+	files_delete_refs,
+	files_rename_ref,
+	files_copy_ref,
+
+	files_ref_iterator_begin,
+	files_read_raw_ref,
+
+	files_reflog_iterator_begin,
+	files_for_each_reflog_ent,
+	files_for_each_reflog_ent_reverse,
+	files_reflog_exists,
+	files_create_reflog,
+	files_delete_reflog,
+	files_reflog_expire
+};
diff --git a/refs/iterator.c b/refs/iterator.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2ac91ac340
--- /dev/null
+++ b/refs/iterator.c
@@ -0,0 +1,435 @@
+/*
+ * Generic reference iterator infrastructure. See refs-internal.h for
+ * documentation about the design and use of reference iterators.
+ */
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "refs/refs-internal.h"
+#include "iterator.h"
+
+int ref_iterator_advance(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
+{
+	return ref_iterator->vtable->advance(ref_iterator);
+}
+
+int ref_iterator_peel(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator,
+		      struct object_id *peeled)
+{
+	return ref_iterator->vtable->peel(ref_iterator, peeled);
+}
+
+int ref_iterator_abort(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
+{
+	return ref_iterator->vtable->abort(ref_iterator);
+}
+
+void base_ref_iterator_init(struct ref_iterator *iter,
+			    struct ref_iterator_vtable *vtable,
+			    int ordered)
+{
+	iter->vtable = vtable;
+	iter->ordered = !!ordered;
+	iter->refname = NULL;
+	iter->oid = NULL;
+	iter->flags = 0;
+}
+
+void base_ref_iterator_free(struct ref_iterator *iter)
+{
+	/* Help make use-after-free bugs fail quickly: */
+	iter->vtable = NULL;
+	free(iter);
+}
+
+struct empty_ref_iterator {
+	struct ref_iterator base;
+};
+
+static int empty_ref_iterator_advance(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
+{
+	return ref_iterator_abort(ref_iterator);
+}
+
+static int empty_ref_iterator_peel(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator,
+				   struct object_id *peeled)
+{
+	BUG("peel called for empty iterator");
+}
+
+static int empty_ref_iterator_abort(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
+{
+	base_ref_iterator_free(ref_iterator);
+	return ITER_DONE;
+}
+
+static struct ref_iterator_vtable empty_ref_iterator_vtable = {
+	empty_ref_iterator_advance,
+	empty_ref_iterator_peel,
+	empty_ref_iterator_abort
+};
+
+struct ref_iterator *empty_ref_iterator_begin(void)
+{
+	struct empty_ref_iterator *iter = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*iter));
+	struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator = &iter->base;
+
+	base_ref_iterator_init(ref_iterator, &empty_ref_iterator_vtable, 1);
+	return ref_iterator;
+}
+
+int is_empty_ref_iterator(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
+{
+	return ref_iterator->vtable == &empty_ref_iterator_vtable;
+}
+
+struct merge_ref_iterator {
+	struct ref_iterator base;
+
+	struct ref_iterator *iter0, *iter1;
+
+	ref_iterator_select_fn *select;
+	void *cb_data;
+
+	/*
+	 * A pointer to iter0 or iter1 (whichever is supplying the
+	 * current value), or NULL if advance has not yet been called.
+	 */
+	struct ref_iterator **current;
+};
+
+static int merge_ref_iterator_advance(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
+{
+	struct merge_ref_iterator *iter =
+		(struct merge_ref_iterator *)ref_iterator;
+	int ok;
+
+	if (!iter->current) {
+		/* Initialize: advance both iterators to their first entries */
+		if ((ok = ref_iterator_advance(iter->iter0)) != ITER_OK) {
+			iter->iter0 = NULL;
+			if (ok == ITER_ERROR)
+				goto error;
+		}
+		if ((ok = ref_iterator_advance(iter->iter1)) != ITER_OK) {
+			iter->iter1 = NULL;
+			if (ok == ITER_ERROR)
+				goto error;
+		}
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Advance the current iterator past the just-used
+		 * entry:
+		 */
+		if ((ok = ref_iterator_advance(*iter->current)) != ITER_OK) {
+			*iter->current = NULL;
+			if (ok == ITER_ERROR)
+				goto error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Loop until we find an entry that we can yield. */
+	while (1) {
+		struct ref_iterator **secondary;
+		enum iterator_selection selection =
+			iter->select(iter->iter0, iter->iter1, iter->cb_data);
+
+		if (selection == ITER_SELECT_DONE) {
+			return ref_iterator_abort(ref_iterator);
+		} else if (selection == ITER_SELECT_ERROR) {
+			ref_iterator_abort(ref_iterator);
+			return ITER_ERROR;
+		}
+
+		if ((selection & ITER_CURRENT_SELECTION_MASK) == 0) {
+			iter->current = &iter->iter0;
+			secondary = &iter->iter1;
+		} else {
+			iter->current = &iter->iter1;
+			secondary = &iter->iter0;
+		}
+
+		if (selection & ITER_SKIP_SECONDARY) {
+			if ((ok = ref_iterator_advance(*secondary)) != ITER_OK) {
+				*secondary = NULL;
+				if (ok == ITER_ERROR)
+					goto error;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (selection & ITER_YIELD_CURRENT) {
+			iter->base.refname = (*iter->current)->refname;
+			iter->base.oid = (*iter->current)->oid;
+			iter->base.flags = (*iter->current)->flags;
+			return ITER_OK;
+		}
+	}
+
+error:
+	ref_iterator_abort(ref_iterator);
+	return ITER_ERROR;
+}
+
+static int merge_ref_iterator_peel(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator,
+				   struct object_id *peeled)
+{
+	struct merge_ref_iterator *iter =
+		(struct merge_ref_iterator *)ref_iterator;
+
+	if (!iter->current) {
+		BUG("peel called before advance for merge iterator");
+	}
+	return ref_iterator_peel(*iter->current, peeled);
+}
+
+static int merge_ref_iterator_abort(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
+{
+	struct merge_ref_iterator *iter =
+		(struct merge_ref_iterator *)ref_iterator;
+	int ok = ITER_DONE;
+
+	if (iter->iter0) {
+		if (ref_iterator_abort(iter->iter0) != ITER_DONE)
+			ok = ITER_ERROR;
+	}
+	if (iter->iter1) {
+		if (ref_iterator_abort(iter->iter1) != ITER_DONE)
+			ok = ITER_ERROR;
+	}
+	base_ref_iterator_free(ref_iterator);
+	return ok;
+}
+
+static struct ref_iterator_vtable merge_ref_iterator_vtable = {
+	merge_ref_iterator_advance,
+	merge_ref_iterator_peel,
+	merge_ref_iterator_abort
+};
+
+struct ref_iterator *merge_ref_iterator_begin(
+		int ordered,
+		struct ref_iterator *iter0, struct ref_iterator *iter1,
+		ref_iterator_select_fn *select, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct merge_ref_iterator *iter = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*iter));
+	struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator = &iter->base;
+
+	/*
+	 * We can't do the same kind of is_empty_ref_iterator()-style
+	 * optimization here as overlay_ref_iterator_begin() does,
+	 * because we don't know the semantics of the select function.
+	 * It might, for example, implement "intersect" by passing
+	 * references through only if they exist in both iterators.
+	 */
+
+	base_ref_iterator_init(ref_iterator, &merge_ref_iterator_vtable, ordered);
+	iter->iter0 = iter0;
+	iter->iter1 = iter1;
+	iter->select = select;
+	iter->cb_data = cb_data;
+	iter->current = NULL;
+	return ref_iterator;
+}
+
+/*
+ * A ref_iterator_select_fn that overlays the items from front on top
+ * of those from back (like loose refs over packed refs). See
+ * overlay_ref_iterator_begin().
+ */
+static enum iterator_selection overlay_iterator_select(
+		struct ref_iterator *front, struct ref_iterator *back,
+		void *cb_data)
+{
+	int cmp;
+
+	if (!back)
+		return front ? ITER_SELECT_0 : ITER_SELECT_DONE;
+	else if (!front)
+		return ITER_SELECT_1;
+
+	cmp = strcmp(front->refname, back->refname);
+
+	if (cmp < 0)
+		return ITER_SELECT_0;
+	else if (cmp > 0)
+		return ITER_SELECT_1;
+	else
+		return ITER_SELECT_0_SKIP_1;
+}
+
+struct ref_iterator *overlay_ref_iterator_begin(
+		struct ref_iterator *front, struct ref_iterator *back)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Optimization: if one of the iterators is empty, return the
+	 * other one rather than incurring the overhead of wrapping
+	 * them.
+	 */
+	if (is_empty_ref_iterator(front)) {
+		ref_iterator_abort(front);
+		return back;
+	} else if (is_empty_ref_iterator(back)) {
+		ref_iterator_abort(back);
+		return front;
+	} else if (!front->ordered || !back->ordered) {
+		BUG("overlay_ref_iterator requires ordered inputs");
+	}
+
+	return merge_ref_iterator_begin(1, front, back,
+					overlay_iterator_select, NULL);
+}
+
+struct prefix_ref_iterator {
+	struct ref_iterator base;
+
+	struct ref_iterator *iter0;
+	char *prefix;
+	int trim;
+};
+
+/* Return -1, 0, 1 if refname is before, inside, or after the prefix. */
+static int compare_prefix(const char *refname, const char *prefix)
+{
+	while (*prefix) {
+		if (*refname != *prefix)
+			return ((unsigned char)*refname < (unsigned char)*prefix) ? -1 : +1;
+
+		refname++;
+		prefix++;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int prefix_ref_iterator_advance(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
+{
+	struct prefix_ref_iterator *iter =
+		(struct prefix_ref_iterator *)ref_iterator;
+	int ok;
+
+	while ((ok = ref_iterator_advance(iter->iter0)) == ITER_OK) {
+		int cmp = compare_prefix(iter->iter0->refname, iter->prefix);
+
+		if (cmp < 0)
+			continue;
+
+		if (cmp > 0) {
+			/*
+			 * If the source iterator is ordered, then we
+			 * can stop the iteration as soon as we see a
+			 * refname that comes after the prefix:
+			 */
+			if (iter->iter0->ordered) {
+				ok = ref_iterator_abort(iter->iter0);
+				break;
+			} else {
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (iter->trim) {
+			/*
+			 * It is nonsense to trim off characters that
+			 * you haven't already checked for via a
+			 * prefix check, whether via this
+			 * `prefix_ref_iterator` or upstream in
+			 * `iter0`). So if there wouldn't be at least
+			 * one character left in the refname after
+			 * trimming, report it as a bug:
+			 */
+			if (strlen(iter->iter0->refname) <= iter->trim)
+				BUG("attempt to trim too many characters");
+			iter->base.refname = iter->iter0->refname + iter->trim;
+		} else {
+			iter->base.refname = iter->iter0->refname;
+		}
+
+		iter->base.oid = iter->iter0->oid;
+		iter->base.flags = iter->iter0->flags;
+		return ITER_OK;
+	}
+
+	iter->iter0 = NULL;
+	if (ref_iterator_abort(ref_iterator) != ITER_DONE)
+		return ITER_ERROR;
+	return ok;
+}
+
+static int prefix_ref_iterator_peel(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator,
+				    struct object_id *peeled)
+{
+	struct prefix_ref_iterator *iter =
+		(struct prefix_ref_iterator *)ref_iterator;
+
+	return ref_iterator_peel(iter->iter0, peeled);
+}
+
+static int prefix_ref_iterator_abort(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
+{
+	struct prefix_ref_iterator *iter =
+		(struct prefix_ref_iterator *)ref_iterator;
+	int ok = ITER_DONE;
+
+	if (iter->iter0)
+		ok = ref_iterator_abort(iter->iter0);
+	free(iter->prefix);
+	base_ref_iterator_free(ref_iterator);
+	return ok;
+}
+
+static struct ref_iterator_vtable prefix_ref_iterator_vtable = {
+	prefix_ref_iterator_advance,
+	prefix_ref_iterator_peel,
+	prefix_ref_iterator_abort
+};
+
+struct ref_iterator *prefix_ref_iterator_begin(struct ref_iterator *iter0,
+					       const char *prefix,
+					       int trim)
+{
+	struct prefix_ref_iterator *iter;
+	struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator;
+
+	if (!*prefix && !trim)
+		return iter0; /* optimization: no need to wrap iterator */
+
+	iter = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*iter));
+	ref_iterator = &iter->base;
+
+	base_ref_iterator_init(ref_iterator, &prefix_ref_iterator_vtable, iter0->ordered);
+
+	iter->iter0 = iter0;
+	iter->prefix = xstrdup(prefix);
+	iter->trim = trim;
+
+	return ref_iterator;
+}
+
+struct ref_iterator *current_ref_iter = NULL;
+
+int do_for_each_ref_iterator(struct ref_iterator *iter,
+			     each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	int retval = 0, ok;
+	struct ref_iterator *old_ref_iter = current_ref_iter;
+
+	current_ref_iter = iter;
+	while ((ok = ref_iterator_advance(iter)) == ITER_OK) {
+		retval = fn(iter->refname, iter->oid, iter->flags, cb_data);
+		if (retval) {
+			/*
+			 * If ref_iterator_abort() returns ITER_ERROR,
+			 * we ignore that error in deference to the
+			 * callback function's return value.
+			 */
+			ref_iterator_abort(iter);
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+out:
+	current_ref_iter = old_ref_iter;
+	if (ok == ITER_ERROR)
+		return -1;
+	return retval;
+}
diff --git a/refs/packed-backend.c b/refs/packed-backend.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d447a731da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/refs/packed-backend.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1660 @@
+#include "../cache.h"
+#include "../config.h"
+#include "../refs.h"
+#include "refs-internal.h"
+#include "packed-backend.h"
+#include "../iterator.h"
+#include "../lockfile.h"
+#include "../chdir-notify.h"
+
+enum mmap_strategy {
+	/*
+	 * Don't use mmap() at all for reading `packed-refs`.
+	 */
+	MMAP_NONE,
+
+	/*
+	 * Can use mmap() for reading `packed-refs`, but the file must
+	 * not remain mmapped. This is the usual option on Windows,
+	 * where you cannot rename a new version of a file onto a file
+	 * that is currently mmapped.
+	 */
+	MMAP_TEMPORARY,
+
+	/*
+	 * It is OK to leave the `packed-refs` file mmapped while
+	 * arbitrary other code is running.
+	 */
+	MMAP_OK
+};
+
+#if defined(NO_MMAP)
+static enum mmap_strategy mmap_strategy = MMAP_NONE;
+#elif defined(MMAP_PREVENTS_DELETE)
+static enum mmap_strategy mmap_strategy = MMAP_TEMPORARY;
+#else
+static enum mmap_strategy mmap_strategy = MMAP_OK;
+#endif
+
+struct packed_ref_store;
+
+/*
+ * A `snapshot` represents one snapshot of a `packed-refs` file.
+ *
+ * Normally, this will be a mmapped view of the contents of the
+ * `packed-refs` file at the time the snapshot was created. However,
+ * if the `packed-refs` file was not sorted, this might point at heap
+ * memory holding the contents of the `packed-refs` file with its
+ * records sorted by refname.
+ *
+ * `snapshot` instances are reference counted (via
+ * `acquire_snapshot()` and `release_snapshot()`). This is to prevent
+ * an instance from disappearing while an iterator is still iterating
+ * over it. Instances are garbage collected when their `referrers`
+ * count goes to zero.
+ *
+ * The most recent `snapshot`, if available, is referenced by the
+ * `packed_ref_store`. Its freshness is checked whenever
+ * `get_snapshot()` is called; if the existing snapshot is obsolete, a
+ * new snapshot is taken.
+ */
+struct snapshot {
+	/*
+	 * A back-pointer to the packed_ref_store with which this
+	 * snapshot is associated:
+	 */
+	struct packed_ref_store *refs;
+
+	/* Is the `packed-refs` file currently mmapped? */
+	int mmapped;
+
+	/*
+	 * The contents of the `packed-refs` file:
+	 *
+	 * - buf -- a pointer to the start of the memory
+	 * - start -- a pointer to the first byte of actual references
+	 *   (i.e., after the header line, if one is present)
+	 * - eof -- a pointer just past the end of the reference
+	 *   contents
+	 *
+	 * If the `packed-refs` file was already sorted, `buf` points
+	 * at the mmapped contents of the file. If not, it points at
+	 * heap-allocated memory containing the contents, sorted. If
+	 * there were no contents (e.g., because the file didn't
+	 * exist), `buf`, `start`, and `eof` are all NULL.
+	 */
+	char *buf, *start, *eof;
+
+	/*
+	 * What is the peeled state of the `packed-refs` file that
+	 * this snapshot represents? (This is usually determined from
+	 * the file's header.)
+	 */
+	enum { PEELED_NONE, PEELED_TAGS, PEELED_FULLY } peeled;
+
+	/*
+	 * Count of references to this instance, including the pointer
+	 * from `packed_ref_store::snapshot`, if any. The instance
+	 * will not be freed as long as the reference count is
+	 * nonzero.
+	 */
+	unsigned int referrers;
+
+	/*
+	 * The metadata of the `packed-refs` file from which this
+	 * snapshot was created, used to tell if the file has been
+	 * replaced since we read it.
+	 */
+	struct stat_validity validity;
+};
+
+/*
+ * A `ref_store` representing references stored in a `packed-refs`
+ * file. It implements the `ref_store` interface, though it has some
+ * limitations:
+ *
+ * - It cannot store symbolic references.
+ *
+ * - It cannot store reflogs.
+ *
+ * - It does not support reference renaming (though it could).
+ *
+ * On the other hand, it can be locked outside of a reference
+ * transaction. In that case, it remains locked even after the
+ * transaction is done and the new `packed-refs` file is activated.
+ */
+struct packed_ref_store {
+	struct ref_store base;
+
+	unsigned int store_flags;
+
+	/* The path of the "packed-refs" file: */
+	char *path;
+
+	/*
+	 * A snapshot of the values read from the `packed-refs` file,
+	 * if it might still be current; otherwise, NULL.
+	 */
+	struct snapshot *snapshot;
+
+	/*
+	 * Lock used for the "packed-refs" file. Note that this (and
+	 * thus the enclosing `packed_ref_store`) must not be freed.
+	 */
+	struct lock_file lock;
+
+	/*
+	 * Temporary file used when rewriting new contents to the
+	 * "packed-refs" file. Note that this (and thus the enclosing
+	 * `packed_ref_store`) must not be freed.
+	 */
+	struct tempfile *tempfile;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Increment the reference count of `*snapshot`.
+ */
+static void acquire_snapshot(struct snapshot *snapshot)
+{
+	snapshot->referrers++;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If the buffer in `snapshot` is active, then either munmap the
+ * memory and close the file, or free the memory. Then set the buffer
+ * pointers to NULL.
+ */
+static void clear_snapshot_buffer(struct snapshot *snapshot)
+{
+	if (snapshot->mmapped) {
+		if (munmap(snapshot->buf, snapshot->eof - snapshot->buf))
+			die_errno("error ummapping packed-refs file %s",
+				  snapshot->refs->path);
+		snapshot->mmapped = 0;
+	} else {
+		free(snapshot->buf);
+	}
+	snapshot->buf = snapshot->start = snapshot->eof = NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Decrease the reference count of `*snapshot`. If it goes to zero,
+ * free `*snapshot` and return true; otherwise return false.
+ */
+static int release_snapshot(struct snapshot *snapshot)
+{
+	if (!--snapshot->referrers) {
+		stat_validity_clear(&snapshot->validity);
+		clear_snapshot_buffer(snapshot);
+		free(snapshot);
+		return 1;
+	} else {
+		return 0;
+	}
+}
+
+struct ref_store *packed_ref_store_create(const char *path,
+					  unsigned int store_flags)
+{
+	struct packed_ref_store *refs = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*refs));
+	struct ref_store *ref_store = (struct ref_store *)refs;
+
+	base_ref_store_init(ref_store, &refs_be_packed);
+	refs->store_flags = store_flags;
+
+	refs->path = xstrdup(path);
+	chdir_notify_reparent("packed-refs", &refs->path);
+
+	return ref_store;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Downcast `ref_store` to `packed_ref_store`. Die if `ref_store` is
+ * not a `packed_ref_store`. Also die if `packed_ref_store` doesn't
+ * support at least the flags specified in `required_flags`. `caller`
+ * is used in any necessary error messages.
+ */
+static struct packed_ref_store *packed_downcast(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+						unsigned int required_flags,
+						const char *caller)
+{
+	struct packed_ref_store *refs;
+
+	if (ref_store->be != &refs_be_packed)
+		BUG("ref_store is type \"%s\" not \"packed\" in %s",
+		    ref_store->be->name, caller);
+
+	refs = (struct packed_ref_store *)ref_store;
+
+	if ((refs->store_flags & required_flags) != required_flags)
+		BUG("unallowed operation (%s), requires %x, has %x\n",
+		    caller, required_flags, refs->store_flags);
+
+	return refs;
+}
+
+static void clear_snapshot(struct packed_ref_store *refs)
+{
+	if (refs->snapshot) {
+		struct snapshot *snapshot = refs->snapshot;
+
+		refs->snapshot = NULL;
+		release_snapshot(snapshot);
+	}
+}
+
+static NORETURN void die_unterminated_line(const char *path,
+					   const char *p, size_t len)
+{
+	if (len < 80)
+		die("unterminated line in %s: %.*s", path, (int)len, p);
+	else
+		die("unterminated line in %s: %.75s...", path, p);
+}
+
+static NORETURN void die_invalid_line(const char *path,
+				      const char *p, size_t len)
+{
+	const char *eol = memchr(p, '\n', len);
+
+	if (!eol)
+		die_unterminated_line(path, p, len);
+	else if (eol - p < 80)
+		die("unexpected line in %s: %.*s", path, (int)(eol - p), p);
+	else
+		die("unexpected line in %s: %.75s...", path, p);
+
+}
+
+struct snapshot_record {
+	const char *start;
+	size_t len;
+};
+
+static int cmp_packed_ref_records(const void *v1, const void *v2)
+{
+	const struct snapshot_record *e1 = v1, *e2 = v2;
+	const char *r1 = e1->start + GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1;
+	const char *r2 = e2->start + GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1;
+
+	while (1) {
+		if (*r1 == '\n')
+			return *r2 == '\n' ? 0 : -1;
+		if (*r1 != *r2) {
+			if (*r2 == '\n')
+				return 1;
+			else
+				return (unsigned char)*r1 < (unsigned char)*r2 ? -1 : +1;
+		}
+		r1++;
+		r2++;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compare a snapshot record at `rec` to the specified NUL-terminated
+ * refname.
+ */
+static int cmp_record_to_refname(const char *rec, const char *refname)
+{
+	const char *r1 = rec + GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1;
+	const char *r2 = refname;
+
+	while (1) {
+		if (*r1 == '\n')
+			return *r2 ? -1 : 0;
+		if (!*r2)
+			return 1;
+		if (*r1 != *r2)
+			return (unsigned char)*r1 < (unsigned char)*r2 ? -1 : +1;
+		r1++;
+		r2++;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * `snapshot->buf` is not known to be sorted. Check whether it is, and
+ * if not, sort it into new memory and munmap/free the old storage.
+ */
+static void sort_snapshot(struct snapshot *snapshot)
+{
+	struct snapshot_record *records = NULL;
+	size_t alloc = 0, nr = 0;
+	int sorted = 1;
+	const char *pos, *eof, *eol;
+	size_t len, i;
+	char *new_buffer, *dst;
+
+	pos = snapshot->start;
+	eof = snapshot->eof;
+
+	if (pos == eof)
+		return;
+
+	len = eof - pos;
+
+	/*
+	 * Initialize records based on a crude estimate of the number
+	 * of references in the file (we'll grow it below if needed):
+	 */
+	ALLOC_GROW(records, len / 80 + 20, alloc);
+
+	while (pos < eof) {
+		eol = memchr(pos, '\n', eof - pos);
+		if (!eol)
+			/* The safety check should prevent this. */
+			BUG("unterminated line found in packed-refs");
+		if (eol - pos < GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 2)
+			die_invalid_line(snapshot->refs->path,
+					 pos, eof - pos);
+		eol++;
+		if (eol < eof && *eol == '^') {
+			/*
+			 * Keep any peeled line together with its
+			 * reference:
+			 */
+			const char *peeled_start = eol;
+
+			eol = memchr(peeled_start, '\n', eof - peeled_start);
+			if (!eol)
+				/* The safety check should prevent this. */
+				BUG("unterminated peeled line found in packed-refs");
+			eol++;
+		}
+
+		ALLOC_GROW(records, nr + 1, alloc);
+		records[nr].start = pos;
+		records[nr].len = eol - pos;
+		nr++;
+
+		if (sorted &&
+		    nr > 1 &&
+		    cmp_packed_ref_records(&records[nr - 2],
+					   &records[nr - 1]) >= 0)
+			sorted = 0;
+
+		pos = eol;
+	}
+
+	if (sorted)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	/* We need to sort the memory. First we sort the records array: */
+	QSORT(records, nr, cmp_packed_ref_records);
+
+	/*
+	 * Allocate a new chunk of memory, and copy the old memory to
+	 * the new in the order indicated by `records` (not bothering
+	 * with the header line):
+	 */
+	new_buffer = xmalloc(len);
+	for (dst = new_buffer, i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
+		memcpy(dst, records[i].start, records[i].len);
+		dst += records[i].len;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Now munmap the old buffer and use the sorted buffer in its
+	 * place:
+	 */
+	clear_snapshot_buffer(snapshot);
+	snapshot->buf = snapshot->start = new_buffer;
+	snapshot->eof = new_buffer + len;
+
+cleanup:
+	free(records);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return a pointer to the start of the record that contains the
+ * character `*p` (which must be within the buffer). If no other
+ * record start is found, return `buf`.
+ */
+static const char *find_start_of_record(const char *buf, const char *p)
+{
+	while (p > buf && (p[-1] != '\n' || p[0] == '^'))
+		p--;
+	return p;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return a pointer to the start of the record following the record
+ * that contains `*p`. If none is found before `end`, return `end`.
+ */
+static const char *find_end_of_record(const char *p, const char *end)
+{
+	while (++p < end && (p[-1] != '\n' || p[0] == '^'))
+		;
+	return p;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We want to be able to compare mmapped reference records quickly,
+ * without totally parsing them. We can do so because the records are
+ * LF-terminated, and the refname should start exactly (GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ
+ * + 1) bytes past the beginning of the record.
+ *
+ * But what if the `packed-refs` file contains garbage? We're willing
+ * to tolerate not detecting the problem, as long as we don't produce
+ * totally garbled output (we can't afford to check the integrity of
+ * the whole file during every Git invocation). But we do want to be
+ * sure that we never read past the end of the buffer in memory and
+ * perform an illegal memory access.
+ *
+ * Guarantee that minimum level of safety by verifying that the last
+ * record in the file is LF-terminated, and that it has at least
+ * (GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1) characters before the LF. Die if either of
+ * these checks fails.
+ */
+static void verify_buffer_safe(struct snapshot *snapshot)
+{
+	const char *start = snapshot->start;
+	const char *eof = snapshot->eof;
+	const char *last_line;
+
+	if (start == eof)
+		return;
+
+	last_line = find_start_of_record(start, eof - 1);
+	if (*(eof - 1) != '\n' || eof - last_line < GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 2)
+		die_invalid_line(snapshot->refs->path,
+				 last_line, eof - last_line);
+}
+
+#define SMALL_FILE_SIZE (32*1024)
+
+/*
+ * Depending on `mmap_strategy`, either mmap or read the contents of
+ * the `packed-refs` file into the snapshot. Return 1 if the file
+ * existed and was read, or 0 if the file was absent or empty. Die on
+ * errors.
+ */
+static int load_contents(struct snapshot *snapshot)
+{
+	int fd;
+	struct stat st;
+	size_t size;
+	ssize_t bytes_read;
+
+	fd = open(snapshot->refs->path, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT) {
+			/*
+			 * This is OK; it just means that no
+			 * "packed-refs" file has been written yet,
+			 * which is equivalent to it being empty,
+			 * which is its state when initialized with
+			 * zeros.
+			 */
+			return 0;
+		} else {
+			die_errno("couldn't read %s", snapshot->refs->path);
+		}
+	}
+
+	stat_validity_update(&snapshot->validity, fd);
+
+	if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0)
+		die_errno("couldn't stat %s", snapshot->refs->path);
+	size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
+
+	if (!size) {
+		close(fd);
+		return 0;
+	} else if (mmap_strategy == MMAP_NONE || size <= SMALL_FILE_SIZE) {
+		snapshot->buf = xmalloc(size);
+		bytes_read = read_in_full(fd, snapshot->buf, size);
+		if (bytes_read < 0 || bytes_read != size)
+			die_errno("couldn't read %s", snapshot->refs->path);
+		snapshot->mmapped = 0;
+	} else {
+		snapshot->buf = xmmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
+		snapshot->mmapped = 1;
+	}
+	close(fd);
+
+	snapshot->start = snapshot->buf;
+	snapshot->eof = snapshot->buf + size;
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find the place in `snapshot->buf` where the start of the record for
+ * `refname` starts. If `mustexist` is true and the reference doesn't
+ * exist, then return NULL. If `mustexist` is false and the reference
+ * doesn't exist, then return the point where that reference would be
+ * inserted, or `snapshot->eof` (which might be NULL) if it would be
+ * inserted at the end of the file. In the latter mode, `refname`
+ * doesn't have to be a proper reference name; for example, one could
+ * search for "refs/replace/" to find the start of any replace
+ * references.
+ *
+ * The record is sought using a binary search, so `snapshot->buf` must
+ * be sorted.
+ */
+static const char *find_reference_location(struct snapshot *snapshot,
+					   const char *refname, int mustexist)
+{
+	/*
+	 * This is not *quite* a garden-variety binary search, because
+	 * the data we're searching is made up of records, and we
+	 * always need to find the beginning of a record to do a
+	 * comparison. A "record" here is one line for the reference
+	 * itself and zero or one peel lines that start with '^'. Our
+	 * loop invariant is described in the next two comments.
+	 */
+
+	/*
+	 * A pointer to the character at the start of a record whose
+	 * preceding records all have reference names that come
+	 * *before* `refname`.
+	 */
+	const char *lo = snapshot->start;
+
+	/*
+	 * A pointer to a the first character of a record whose
+	 * reference name comes *after* `refname`.
+	 */
+	const char *hi = snapshot->eof;
+
+	while (lo != hi) {
+		const char *mid, *rec;
+		int cmp;
+
+		mid = lo + (hi - lo) / 2;
+		rec = find_start_of_record(lo, mid);
+		cmp = cmp_record_to_refname(rec, refname);
+		if (cmp < 0) {
+			lo = find_end_of_record(mid, hi);
+		} else if (cmp > 0) {
+			hi = rec;
+		} else {
+			return rec;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (mustexist)
+		return NULL;
+	else
+		return lo;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a newly-allocated `snapshot` of the `packed-refs` file in
+ * its current state and return it. The return value will already have
+ * its reference count incremented.
+ *
+ * A comment line of the form "# pack-refs with: " may contain zero or
+ * more traits. We interpret the traits as follows:
+ *
+ *   Neither `peeled` nor `fully-peeled`:
+ *
+ *      Probably no references are peeled. But if the file contains a
+ *      peeled value for a reference, we will use it.
+ *
+ *   `peeled`:
+ *
+ *      References under "refs/tags/", if they *can* be peeled, *are*
+ *      peeled in this file. References outside of "refs/tags/" are
+ *      probably not peeled even if they could have been, but if we find
+ *      a peeled value for such a reference we will use it.
+ *
+ *   `fully-peeled`:
+ *
+ *      All references in the file that can be peeled are peeled.
+ *      Inversely (and this is more important), any references in the
+ *      file for which no peeled value is recorded is not peelable. This
+ *      trait should typically be written alongside "peeled" for
+ *      compatibility with older clients, but we do not require it
+ *      (i.e., "peeled" is a no-op if "fully-peeled" is set).
+ *
+ *   `sorted`:
+ *
+ *      The references in this file are known to be sorted by refname.
+ */
+static struct snapshot *create_snapshot(struct packed_ref_store *refs)
+{
+	struct snapshot *snapshot = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*snapshot));
+	int sorted = 0;
+
+	snapshot->refs = refs;
+	acquire_snapshot(snapshot);
+	snapshot->peeled = PEELED_NONE;
+
+	if (!load_contents(snapshot))
+		return snapshot;
+
+	/* If the file has a header line, process it: */
+	if (snapshot->buf < snapshot->eof && *snapshot->buf == '#') {
+		char *tmp, *p, *eol;
+		struct string_list traits = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+
+		eol = memchr(snapshot->buf, '\n',
+			     snapshot->eof - snapshot->buf);
+		if (!eol)
+			die_unterminated_line(refs->path,
+					      snapshot->buf,
+					      snapshot->eof - snapshot->buf);
+
+		tmp = xmemdupz(snapshot->buf, eol - snapshot->buf);
+
+		if (!skip_prefix(tmp, "# pack-refs with:", (const char **)&p))
+			die_invalid_line(refs->path,
+					 snapshot->buf,
+					 snapshot->eof - snapshot->buf);
+
+		string_list_split_in_place(&traits, p, ' ', -1);
+
+		if (unsorted_string_list_has_string(&traits, "fully-peeled"))
+			snapshot->peeled = PEELED_FULLY;
+		else if (unsorted_string_list_has_string(&traits, "peeled"))
+			snapshot->peeled = PEELED_TAGS;
+
+		sorted = unsorted_string_list_has_string(&traits, "sorted");
+
+		/* perhaps other traits later as well */
+
+		/* The "+ 1" is for the LF character. */
+		snapshot->start = eol + 1;
+
+		string_list_clear(&traits, 0);
+		free(tmp);
+	}
+
+	verify_buffer_safe(snapshot);
+
+	if (!sorted) {
+		sort_snapshot(snapshot);
+
+		/*
+		 * Reordering the records might have moved a short one
+		 * to the end of the buffer, so verify the buffer's
+		 * safety again:
+		 */
+		verify_buffer_safe(snapshot);
+	}
+
+	if (mmap_strategy != MMAP_OK && snapshot->mmapped) {
+		/*
+		 * We don't want to leave the file mmapped, so we are
+		 * forced to make a copy now:
+		 */
+		size_t size = snapshot->eof - snapshot->start;
+		char *buf_copy = xmalloc(size);
+
+		memcpy(buf_copy, snapshot->start, size);
+		clear_snapshot_buffer(snapshot);
+		snapshot->buf = snapshot->start = buf_copy;
+		snapshot->eof = buf_copy + size;
+	}
+
+	return snapshot;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check that `refs->snapshot` (if present) still reflects the
+ * contents of the `packed-refs` file. If not, clear the snapshot.
+ */
+static void validate_snapshot(struct packed_ref_store *refs)
+{
+	if (refs->snapshot &&
+	    !stat_validity_check(&refs->snapshot->validity, refs->path))
+		clear_snapshot(refs);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get the `snapshot` for the specified packed_ref_store, creating and
+ * populating it if it hasn't been read before or if the file has been
+ * changed (according to its `validity` field) since it was last read.
+ * On the other hand, if we hold the lock, then assume that the file
+ * hasn't been changed out from under us, so skip the extra `stat()`
+ * call in `stat_validity_check()`. This function does *not* increase
+ * the snapshot's reference count on behalf of the caller.
+ */
+static struct snapshot *get_snapshot(struct packed_ref_store *refs)
+{
+	if (!is_lock_file_locked(&refs->lock))
+		validate_snapshot(refs);
+
+	if (!refs->snapshot)
+		refs->snapshot = create_snapshot(refs);
+
+	return refs->snapshot;
+}
+
+static int packed_read_raw_ref(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			       const char *refname, struct object_id *oid,
+			       struct strbuf *referent, unsigned int *type)
+{
+	struct packed_ref_store *refs =
+		packed_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_READ, "read_raw_ref");
+	struct snapshot *snapshot = get_snapshot(refs);
+	const char *rec;
+
+	*type = 0;
+
+	rec = find_reference_location(snapshot, refname, 1);
+
+	if (!rec) {
+		/* refname is not a packed reference. */
+		errno = ENOENT;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (get_oid_hex(rec, oid))
+		die_invalid_line(refs->path, rec, snapshot->eof - rec);
+
+	*type = REF_ISPACKED;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This value is set in `base.flags` if the peeled value of the
+ * current reference is known. In that case, `peeled` contains the
+ * correct peeled value for the reference, which might be `null_oid`
+ * if the reference is not a tag or if it is broken.
+ */
+#define REF_KNOWS_PEELED 0x40
+
+/*
+ * An iterator over a snapshot of a `packed-refs` file.
+ */
+struct packed_ref_iterator {
+	struct ref_iterator base;
+
+	struct snapshot *snapshot;
+
+	/* The current position in the snapshot's buffer: */
+	const char *pos;
+
+	/* The end of the part of the buffer that will be iterated over: */
+	const char *eof;
+
+	/* Scratch space for current values: */
+	struct object_id oid, peeled;
+	struct strbuf refname_buf;
+
+	unsigned int flags;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Move the iterator to the next record in the snapshot, without
+ * respect for whether the record is actually required by the current
+ * iteration. Adjust the fields in `iter` and return `ITER_OK` or
+ * `ITER_DONE`. This function does not free the iterator in the case
+ * of `ITER_DONE`.
+ */
+static int next_record(struct packed_ref_iterator *iter)
+{
+	const char *p = iter->pos, *eol;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&iter->refname_buf);
+
+	if (iter->pos == iter->eof)
+		return ITER_DONE;
+
+	iter->base.flags = REF_ISPACKED;
+
+	if (iter->eof - p < GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 2 ||
+	    parse_oid_hex(p, &iter->oid, &p) ||
+	    !isspace(*p++))
+		die_invalid_line(iter->snapshot->refs->path,
+				 iter->pos, iter->eof - iter->pos);
+
+	eol = memchr(p, '\n', iter->eof - p);
+	if (!eol)
+		die_unterminated_line(iter->snapshot->refs->path,
+				      iter->pos, iter->eof - iter->pos);
+
+	strbuf_add(&iter->refname_buf, p, eol - p);
+	iter->base.refname = iter->refname_buf.buf;
+
+	if (check_refname_format(iter->base.refname, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL)) {
+		if (!refname_is_safe(iter->base.refname))
+			die("packed refname is dangerous: %s",
+			    iter->base.refname);
+		oidclr(&iter->oid);
+		iter->base.flags |= REF_BAD_NAME | REF_ISBROKEN;
+	}
+	if (iter->snapshot->peeled == PEELED_FULLY ||
+	    (iter->snapshot->peeled == PEELED_TAGS &&
+	     starts_with(iter->base.refname, "refs/tags/")))
+		iter->base.flags |= REF_KNOWS_PEELED;
+
+	iter->pos = eol + 1;
+
+	if (iter->pos < iter->eof && *iter->pos == '^') {
+		p = iter->pos + 1;
+		if (iter->eof - p < GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1 ||
+		    parse_oid_hex(p, &iter->peeled, &p) ||
+		    *p++ != '\n')
+			die_invalid_line(iter->snapshot->refs->path,
+					 iter->pos, iter->eof - iter->pos);
+		iter->pos = p;
+
+		/*
+		 * Regardless of what the file header said, we
+		 * definitely know the value of *this* reference. But
+		 * we suppress it if the reference is broken:
+		 */
+		if ((iter->base.flags & REF_ISBROKEN)) {
+			oidclr(&iter->peeled);
+			iter->base.flags &= ~REF_KNOWS_PEELED;
+		} else {
+			iter->base.flags |= REF_KNOWS_PEELED;
+		}
+	} else {
+		oidclr(&iter->peeled);
+	}
+
+	return ITER_OK;
+}
+
+static int packed_ref_iterator_advance(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
+{
+	struct packed_ref_iterator *iter =
+		(struct packed_ref_iterator *)ref_iterator;
+	int ok;
+
+	while ((ok = next_record(iter)) == ITER_OK) {
+		if (iter->flags & DO_FOR_EACH_PER_WORKTREE_ONLY &&
+		    ref_type(iter->base.refname) != REF_TYPE_PER_WORKTREE)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!(iter->flags & DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN) &&
+		    !ref_resolves_to_object(iter->base.refname, &iter->oid,
+					    iter->flags))
+			continue;
+
+		return ITER_OK;
+	}
+
+	if (ref_iterator_abort(ref_iterator) != ITER_DONE)
+		ok = ITER_ERROR;
+
+	return ok;
+}
+
+static int packed_ref_iterator_peel(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator,
+				   struct object_id *peeled)
+{
+	struct packed_ref_iterator *iter =
+		(struct packed_ref_iterator *)ref_iterator;
+
+	if ((iter->base.flags & REF_KNOWS_PEELED)) {
+		oidcpy(peeled, &iter->peeled);
+		return is_null_oid(&iter->peeled) ? -1 : 0;
+	} else if ((iter->base.flags & (REF_ISBROKEN | REF_ISSYMREF))) {
+		return -1;
+	} else {
+		return !!peel_object(&iter->oid, peeled);
+	}
+}
+
+static int packed_ref_iterator_abort(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
+{
+	struct packed_ref_iterator *iter =
+		(struct packed_ref_iterator *)ref_iterator;
+	int ok = ITER_DONE;
+
+	strbuf_release(&iter->refname_buf);
+	release_snapshot(iter->snapshot);
+	base_ref_iterator_free(ref_iterator);
+	return ok;
+}
+
+static struct ref_iterator_vtable packed_ref_iterator_vtable = {
+	packed_ref_iterator_advance,
+	packed_ref_iterator_peel,
+	packed_ref_iterator_abort
+};
+
+static struct ref_iterator *packed_ref_iterator_begin(
+		struct ref_store *ref_store,
+		const char *prefix, unsigned int flags)
+{
+	struct packed_ref_store *refs;
+	struct snapshot *snapshot;
+	const char *start;
+	struct packed_ref_iterator *iter;
+	struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator;
+	unsigned int required_flags = REF_STORE_READ;
+
+	if (!(flags & DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN))
+		required_flags |= REF_STORE_ODB;
+	refs = packed_downcast(ref_store, required_flags, "ref_iterator_begin");
+
+	/*
+	 * Note that `get_snapshot()` internally checks whether the
+	 * snapshot is up to date with what is on disk, and re-reads
+	 * it if not.
+	 */
+	snapshot = get_snapshot(refs);
+
+	if (prefix && *prefix)
+		start = find_reference_location(snapshot, prefix, 0);
+	else
+		start = snapshot->start;
+
+	if (start == snapshot->eof)
+		return empty_ref_iterator_begin();
+
+	iter = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*iter));
+	ref_iterator = &iter->base;
+	base_ref_iterator_init(ref_iterator, &packed_ref_iterator_vtable, 1);
+
+	iter->snapshot = snapshot;
+	acquire_snapshot(snapshot);
+
+	iter->pos = start;
+	iter->eof = snapshot->eof;
+	strbuf_init(&iter->refname_buf, 0);
+
+	iter->base.oid = &iter->oid;
+
+	iter->flags = flags;
+
+	if (prefix && *prefix)
+		/* Stop iteration after we've gone *past* prefix: */
+		ref_iterator = prefix_ref_iterator_begin(ref_iterator, prefix, 0);
+
+	return ref_iterator;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Write an entry to the packed-refs file for the specified refname.
+ * If peeled is non-NULL, write it as the entry's peeled value. On
+ * error, return a nonzero value and leave errno set at the value left
+ * by the failing call to `fprintf()`.
+ */
+static int write_packed_entry(FILE *fh, const char *refname,
+			      const struct object_id *oid,
+			      const struct object_id *peeled)
+{
+	if (fprintf(fh, "%s %s\n", oid_to_hex(oid), refname) < 0 ||
+	    (peeled && fprintf(fh, "^%s\n", oid_to_hex(peeled)) < 0))
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int packed_refs_lock(struct ref_store *ref_store, int flags, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct packed_ref_store *refs =
+		packed_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE | REF_STORE_MAIN,
+				"packed_refs_lock");
+	static int timeout_configured = 0;
+	static int timeout_value = 1000;
+
+	if (!timeout_configured) {
+		git_config_get_int("core.packedrefstimeout", &timeout_value);
+		timeout_configured = 1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Note that we close the lockfile immediately because we
+	 * don't write new content to it, but rather to a separate
+	 * tempfile.
+	 */
+	if (hold_lock_file_for_update_timeout(
+			    &refs->lock,
+			    refs->path,
+			    flags, timeout_value) < 0) {
+		unable_to_lock_message(refs->path, errno, err);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (close_lock_file_gently(&refs->lock)) {
+		strbuf_addf(err, "unable to close %s: %s", refs->path, strerror(errno));
+		rollback_lock_file(&refs->lock);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Now that we hold the `packed-refs` lock, make sure that our
+	 * snapshot matches the current version of the file. Normally
+	 * `get_snapshot()` does that for us, but that function
+	 * assumes that when the file is locked, any existing snapshot
+	 * is still valid. We've just locked the file, but it might
+	 * have changed the moment *before* we locked it.
+	 */
+	validate_snapshot(refs);
+
+	/*
+	 * Now make sure that the packed-refs file as it exists in the
+	 * locked state is loaded into the snapshot:
+	 */
+	get_snapshot(refs);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void packed_refs_unlock(struct ref_store *ref_store)
+{
+	struct packed_ref_store *refs = packed_downcast(
+			ref_store,
+			REF_STORE_READ | REF_STORE_WRITE,
+			"packed_refs_unlock");
+
+	if (!is_lock_file_locked(&refs->lock))
+		BUG("packed_refs_unlock() called when not locked");
+	rollback_lock_file(&refs->lock);
+}
+
+int packed_refs_is_locked(struct ref_store *ref_store)
+{
+	struct packed_ref_store *refs = packed_downcast(
+			ref_store,
+			REF_STORE_READ | REF_STORE_WRITE,
+			"packed_refs_is_locked");
+
+	return is_lock_file_locked(&refs->lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * The packed-refs header line that we write out. Perhaps other traits
+ * will be added later.
+ *
+ * Note that earlier versions of Git used to parse these traits by
+ * looking for " trait " in the line. For this reason, the space after
+ * the colon and the trailing space are required.
+ */
+static const char PACKED_REFS_HEADER[] =
+	"# pack-refs with: peeled fully-peeled sorted \n";
+
+static int packed_init_db(struct ref_store *ref_store, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	/* Nothing to do. */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Write the packed refs from the current snapshot to the packed-refs
+ * tempfile, incorporating any changes from `updates`. `updates` must
+ * be a sorted string list whose keys are the refnames and whose util
+ * values are `struct ref_update *`. On error, rollback the tempfile,
+ * write an error message to `err`, and return a nonzero value.
+ *
+ * The packfile must be locked before calling this function and will
+ * remain locked when it is done.
+ */
+static int write_with_updates(struct packed_ref_store *refs,
+			      struct string_list *updates,
+			      struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct ref_iterator *iter = NULL;
+	size_t i;
+	int ok;
+	FILE *out;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *packed_refs_path;
+
+	if (!is_lock_file_locked(&refs->lock))
+		BUG("write_with_updates() called while unlocked");
+
+	/*
+	 * If packed-refs is a symlink, we want to overwrite the
+	 * symlinked-to file, not the symlink itself. Also, put the
+	 * staging file next to it:
+	 */
+	packed_refs_path = get_locked_file_path(&refs->lock);
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s.new", packed_refs_path);
+	free(packed_refs_path);
+	refs->tempfile = create_tempfile(sb.buf);
+	if (!refs->tempfile) {
+		strbuf_addf(err, "unable to create file %s: %s",
+			    sb.buf, strerror(errno));
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+	out = fdopen_tempfile(refs->tempfile, "w");
+	if (!out) {
+		strbuf_addf(err, "unable to fdopen packed-refs tempfile: %s",
+			    strerror(errno));
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	if (fprintf(out, "%s", PACKED_REFS_HEADER) < 0)
+		goto write_error;
+
+	/*
+	 * We iterate in parallel through the current list of refs and
+	 * the list of updates, processing an entry from at least one
+	 * of the lists each time through the loop. When the current
+	 * list of refs is exhausted, set iter to NULL. When the list
+	 * of updates is exhausted, leave i set to updates->nr.
+	 */
+	iter = packed_ref_iterator_begin(&refs->base, "",
+					 DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN);
+	if ((ok = ref_iterator_advance(iter)) != ITER_OK)
+		iter = NULL;
+
+	i = 0;
+
+	while (iter || i < updates->nr) {
+		struct ref_update *update = NULL;
+		int cmp;
+
+		if (i >= updates->nr) {
+			cmp = -1;
+		} else {
+			update = updates->items[i].util;
+
+			if (!iter)
+				cmp = +1;
+			else
+				cmp = strcmp(iter->refname, update->refname);
+		}
+
+		if (!cmp) {
+			/*
+			 * There is both an old value and an update
+			 * for this reference. Check the old value if
+			 * necessary:
+			 */
+			if ((update->flags & REF_HAVE_OLD)) {
+				if (is_null_oid(&update->old_oid)) {
+					strbuf_addf(err, "cannot update ref '%s': "
+						    "reference already exists",
+						    update->refname);
+					goto error;
+				} else if (oidcmp(&update->old_oid, iter->oid)) {
+					strbuf_addf(err, "cannot update ref '%s': "
+						    "is at %s but expected %s",
+						    update->refname,
+						    oid_to_hex(iter->oid),
+						    oid_to_hex(&update->old_oid));
+					goto error;
+				}
+			}
+
+			/* Now figure out what to use for the new value: */
+			if ((update->flags & REF_HAVE_NEW)) {
+				/*
+				 * The update takes precedence. Skip
+				 * the iterator over the unneeded
+				 * value.
+				 */
+				if ((ok = ref_iterator_advance(iter)) != ITER_OK)
+					iter = NULL;
+				cmp = +1;
+			} else {
+				/*
+				 * The update doesn't actually want to
+				 * change anything. We're done with it.
+				 */
+				i++;
+				cmp = -1;
+			}
+		} else if (cmp > 0) {
+			/*
+			 * There is no old value but there is an
+			 * update for this reference. Make sure that
+			 * the update didn't expect an existing value:
+			 */
+			if ((update->flags & REF_HAVE_OLD) &&
+			    !is_null_oid(&update->old_oid)) {
+				strbuf_addf(err, "cannot update ref '%s': "
+					    "reference is missing but expected %s",
+					    update->refname,
+					    oid_to_hex(&update->old_oid));
+				goto error;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (cmp < 0) {
+			/* Pass the old reference through. */
+
+			struct object_id peeled;
+			int peel_error = ref_iterator_peel(iter, &peeled);
+
+			if (write_packed_entry(out, iter->refname,
+					       iter->oid,
+					       peel_error ? NULL : &peeled))
+				goto write_error;
+
+			if ((ok = ref_iterator_advance(iter)) != ITER_OK)
+				iter = NULL;
+		} else if (is_null_oid(&update->new_oid)) {
+			/*
+			 * The update wants to delete the reference,
+			 * and the reference either didn't exist or we
+			 * have already skipped it. So we're done with
+			 * the update (and don't have to write
+			 * anything).
+			 */
+			i++;
+		} else {
+			struct object_id peeled;
+			int peel_error = peel_object(&update->new_oid,
+						     &peeled);
+
+			if (write_packed_entry(out, update->refname,
+					       &update->new_oid,
+					       peel_error ? NULL : &peeled))
+				goto write_error;
+
+			i++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (ok != ITER_DONE) {
+		strbuf_addstr(err, "unable to write packed-refs file: "
+			      "error iterating over old contents");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	if (close_tempfile_gently(refs->tempfile)) {
+		strbuf_addf(err, "error closing file %s: %s",
+			    get_tempfile_path(refs->tempfile),
+			    strerror(errno));
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		delete_tempfile(&refs->tempfile);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+
+write_error:
+	strbuf_addf(err, "error writing to %s: %s",
+		    get_tempfile_path(refs->tempfile), strerror(errno));
+
+error:
+	if (iter)
+		ref_iterator_abort(iter);
+
+	delete_tempfile(&refs->tempfile);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int is_packed_transaction_needed(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+				 struct ref_transaction *transaction)
+{
+	struct packed_ref_store *refs = packed_downcast(
+			ref_store,
+			REF_STORE_READ,
+			"is_packed_transaction_needed");
+	struct strbuf referent = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t i;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!is_lock_file_locked(&refs->lock))
+		BUG("is_packed_transaction_needed() called while unlocked");
+
+	/*
+	 * We're only going to bother returning false for the common,
+	 * trivial case that references are only being deleted, their
+	 * old values are not being checked, and the old `packed-refs`
+	 * file doesn't contain any of those reference(s). This gives
+	 * false positives for some other cases that could
+	 * theoretically be optimized away:
+	 *
+	 * 1. It could be that the old value is being verified without
+	 *    setting a new value. In this case, we could verify the
+	 *    old value here and skip the update if it agrees. If it
+	 *    disagrees, we could either let the update go through
+	 *    (the actual commit would re-detect and report the
+	 *    problem), or come up with a way of reporting such an
+	 *    error to *our* caller.
+	 *
+	 * 2. It could be that a new value is being set, but that it
+	 *    is identical to the current packed value of the
+	 *    reference.
+	 *
+	 * Neither of these cases will come up in the current code,
+	 * because the only caller of this function passes to it a
+	 * transaction that only includes `delete` updates with no
+	 * `old_id`. Even if that ever changes, false positives only
+	 * cause an optimization to be missed; they do not affect
+	 * correctness.
+	 */
+
+	/*
+	 * Start with the cheap checks that don't require old
+	 * reference values to be read:
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
+
+		if (update->flags & REF_HAVE_OLD)
+			/* Have to check the old value -> needed. */
+			return 1;
+
+		if ((update->flags & REF_HAVE_NEW) && !is_null_oid(&update->new_oid))
+			/* Have to set a new value -> needed. */
+			return 1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * The transaction isn't checking any old values nor is it
+	 * setting any nonzero new values, so it still might be able
+	 * to be skipped. Now do the more expensive check: the update
+	 * is needed if any of the updates is a delete, and the old
+	 * `packed-refs` file contains a value for that reference.
+	 */
+	ret = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
+		unsigned int type;
+		struct object_id oid;
+
+		if (!(update->flags & REF_HAVE_NEW))
+			/*
+			 * This reference isn't being deleted -> not
+			 * needed.
+			 */
+			continue;
+
+		if (!refs_read_raw_ref(ref_store, update->refname,
+				       &oid, &referent, &type) ||
+		    errno != ENOENT) {
+			/*
+			 * We have to actually delete that reference
+			 * -> this transaction is needed.
+			 */
+			ret = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&referent);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+struct packed_transaction_backend_data {
+	/* True iff the transaction owns the packed-refs lock. */
+	int own_lock;
+
+	struct string_list updates;
+};
+
+static void packed_transaction_cleanup(struct packed_ref_store *refs,
+				       struct ref_transaction *transaction)
+{
+	struct packed_transaction_backend_data *data = transaction->backend_data;
+
+	if (data) {
+		string_list_clear(&data->updates, 0);
+
+		if (is_tempfile_active(refs->tempfile))
+			delete_tempfile(&refs->tempfile);
+
+		if (data->own_lock && is_lock_file_locked(&refs->lock)) {
+			packed_refs_unlock(&refs->base);
+			data->own_lock = 0;
+		}
+
+		free(data);
+		transaction->backend_data = NULL;
+	}
+
+	transaction->state = REF_TRANSACTION_CLOSED;
+}
+
+static int packed_transaction_prepare(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+				      struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+				      struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct packed_ref_store *refs = packed_downcast(
+			ref_store,
+			REF_STORE_READ | REF_STORE_WRITE | REF_STORE_ODB,
+			"ref_transaction_prepare");
+	struct packed_transaction_backend_data *data;
+	size_t i;
+	int ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+
+	/*
+	 * Note that we *don't* skip transactions with zero updates,
+	 * because such a transaction might be executed for the side
+	 * effect of ensuring that all of the references are peeled or
+	 * ensuring that the `packed-refs` file is sorted. If the
+	 * caller wants to optimize away empty transactions, it should
+	 * do so itself.
+	 */
+
+	data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*data));
+	string_list_init(&data->updates, 0);
+
+	transaction->backend_data = data;
+
+	/*
+	 * Stick the updates in a string list by refname so that we
+	 * can sort them:
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i];
+		struct string_list_item *item =
+			string_list_append(&data->updates, update->refname);
+
+		/* Store a pointer to update in item->util: */
+		item->util = update;
+	}
+	string_list_sort(&data->updates);
+
+	if (ref_update_reject_duplicates(&data->updates, err))
+		goto failure;
+
+	if (!is_lock_file_locked(&refs->lock)) {
+		if (packed_refs_lock(ref_store, 0, err))
+			goto failure;
+		data->own_lock = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (write_with_updates(refs, &data->updates, err))
+		goto failure;
+
+	transaction->state = REF_TRANSACTION_PREPARED;
+	return 0;
+
+failure:
+	packed_transaction_cleanup(refs, transaction);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int packed_transaction_abort(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+				    struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+				    struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct packed_ref_store *refs = packed_downcast(
+			ref_store,
+			REF_STORE_READ | REF_STORE_WRITE | REF_STORE_ODB,
+			"ref_transaction_abort");
+
+	packed_transaction_cleanup(refs, transaction);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int packed_transaction_finish(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+				     struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+				     struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct packed_ref_store *refs = packed_downcast(
+			ref_store,
+			REF_STORE_READ | REF_STORE_WRITE | REF_STORE_ODB,
+			"ref_transaction_finish");
+	int ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
+	char *packed_refs_path;
+
+	clear_snapshot(refs);
+
+	packed_refs_path = get_locked_file_path(&refs->lock);
+	if (rename_tempfile(&refs->tempfile, packed_refs_path)) {
+		strbuf_addf(err, "error replacing %s: %s",
+			    refs->path, strerror(errno));
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	ret = 0;
+
+cleanup:
+	free(packed_refs_path);
+	packed_transaction_cleanup(refs, transaction);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int packed_initial_transaction_commit(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+					    struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+					    struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	return ref_transaction_commit(transaction, err);
+}
+
+static int packed_delete_refs(struct ref_store *ref_store, const char *msg,
+			     struct string_list *refnames, unsigned int flags)
+{
+	struct packed_ref_store *refs =
+		packed_downcast(ref_store, REF_STORE_WRITE, "delete_refs");
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct ref_transaction *transaction;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	int ret;
+
+	(void)refs; /* We need the check above, but don't use the variable */
+
+	if (!refnames->nr)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Since we don't check the references' old_oids, the
+	 * individual updates can't fail, so we can pack all of the
+	 * updates into a single transaction.
+	 */
+
+	transaction = ref_store_transaction_begin(ref_store, &err);
+	if (!transaction)
+		return -1;
+
+	for_each_string_list_item(item, refnames) {
+		if (ref_transaction_delete(transaction, item->string, NULL,
+					   flags, msg, &err)) {
+			warning(_("could not delete reference %s: %s"),
+				item->string, err.buf);
+			strbuf_reset(&err);
+		}
+	}
+
+	ret = ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err);
+
+	if (ret) {
+		if (refnames->nr == 1)
+			error(_("could not delete reference %s: %s"),
+			      refnames->items[0].string, err.buf);
+		else
+			error(_("could not delete references: %s"), err.buf);
+	}
+
+	ref_transaction_free(transaction);
+	strbuf_release(&err);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int packed_pack_refs(struct ref_store *ref_store, unsigned int flags)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Packed refs are already packed. It might be that loose refs
+	 * are packed *into* a packed refs store, but that is done by
+	 * updating the packed references via a transaction.
+	 */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int packed_create_symref(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			       const char *refname, const char *target,
+			       const char *logmsg)
+{
+	BUG("packed reference store does not support symrefs");
+}
+
+static int packed_rename_ref(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			    const char *oldrefname, const char *newrefname,
+			    const char *logmsg)
+{
+	BUG("packed reference store does not support renaming references");
+}
+
+static int packed_copy_ref(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			   const char *oldrefname, const char *newrefname,
+			   const char *logmsg)
+{
+	BUG("packed reference store does not support copying references");
+}
+
+static struct ref_iterator *packed_reflog_iterator_begin(struct ref_store *ref_store)
+{
+	return empty_ref_iterator_begin();
+}
+
+static int packed_for_each_reflog_ent(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+				      const char *refname,
+				      each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int packed_for_each_reflog_ent_reverse(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+					      const char *refname,
+					      each_reflog_ent_fn fn,
+					      void *cb_data)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int packed_reflog_exists(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			       const char *refname)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int packed_create_reflog(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			       const char *refname, int force_create,
+			       struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	BUG("packed reference store does not support reflogs");
+}
+
+static int packed_delete_reflog(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			       const char *refname)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int packed_reflog_expire(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+				const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+				unsigned int flags,
+				reflog_expiry_prepare_fn prepare_fn,
+				reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn should_prune_fn,
+				reflog_expiry_cleanup_fn cleanup_fn,
+				void *policy_cb_data)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct ref_storage_be refs_be_packed = {
+	NULL,
+	"packed",
+	packed_ref_store_create,
+	packed_init_db,
+	packed_transaction_prepare,
+	packed_transaction_finish,
+	packed_transaction_abort,
+	packed_initial_transaction_commit,
+
+	packed_pack_refs,
+	packed_create_symref,
+	packed_delete_refs,
+	packed_rename_ref,
+	packed_copy_ref,
+
+	packed_ref_iterator_begin,
+	packed_read_raw_ref,
+
+	packed_reflog_iterator_begin,
+	packed_for_each_reflog_ent,
+	packed_for_each_reflog_ent_reverse,
+	packed_reflog_exists,
+	packed_create_reflog,
+	packed_delete_reflog,
+	packed_reflog_expire
+};
diff --git a/refs/packed-backend.h b/refs/packed-backend.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..640245d3b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/refs/packed-backend.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#ifndef REFS_PACKED_BACKEND_H
+#define REFS_PACKED_BACKEND_H
+
+/*
+ * Support for storing references in a `packed-refs` file.
+ *
+ * Note that this backend doesn't check for D/F conflicts, because it
+ * doesn't care about them. But usually it should be wrapped in a
+ * `files_ref_store` that prevents D/F conflicts from being created,
+ * even among packed refs.
+ */
+
+struct ref_store *packed_ref_store_create(const char *path,
+					  unsigned int store_flags);
+
+/*
+ * Lock the packed-refs file for writing. Flags is passed to
+ * hold_lock_file_for_update(). Return 0 on success. On errors, write
+ * an error message to `err` and return a nonzero value.
+ */
+int packed_refs_lock(struct ref_store *ref_store, int flags, struct strbuf *err);
+
+void packed_refs_unlock(struct ref_store *ref_store);
+int packed_refs_is_locked(struct ref_store *ref_store);
+
+/*
+ * Return true if `transaction` really needs to be carried out against
+ * the specified packed_ref_store, or false if it can be skipped
+ * (i.e., because it is an obvious NOOP). `ref_store` must be locked
+ * before calling this function.
+ */
+int is_packed_transaction_needed(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+				 struct ref_transaction *transaction);
+
+#endif /* REFS_PACKED_BACKEND_H */
diff --git a/refs/ref-cache.c b/refs/ref-cache.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9b110c8494
--- /dev/null
+++ b/refs/ref-cache.c
@@ -0,0 +1,551 @@
+#include "../cache.h"
+#include "../refs.h"
+#include "refs-internal.h"
+#include "ref-cache.h"
+#include "../iterator.h"
+
+void add_entry_to_dir(struct ref_dir *dir, struct ref_entry *entry)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(dir->entries, dir->nr + 1, dir->alloc);
+	dir->entries[dir->nr++] = entry;
+	/* optimize for the case that entries are added in order */
+	if (dir->nr == 1 ||
+	    (dir->nr == dir->sorted + 1 &&
+	     strcmp(dir->entries[dir->nr - 2]->name,
+		    dir->entries[dir->nr - 1]->name) < 0))
+		dir->sorted = dir->nr;
+}
+
+struct ref_dir *get_ref_dir(struct ref_entry *entry)
+{
+	struct ref_dir *dir;
+	assert(entry->flag & REF_DIR);
+	dir = &entry->u.subdir;
+	if (entry->flag & REF_INCOMPLETE) {
+		if (!dir->cache->fill_ref_dir)
+			BUG("incomplete ref_store without fill_ref_dir function");
+
+		dir->cache->fill_ref_dir(dir->cache->ref_store, dir, entry->name);
+		entry->flag &= ~REF_INCOMPLETE;
+	}
+	return dir;
+}
+
+struct ref_entry *create_ref_entry(const char *refname,
+				   const struct object_id *oid, int flag)
+{
+	struct ref_entry *ref;
+
+	FLEX_ALLOC_STR(ref, name, refname);
+	oidcpy(&ref->u.value.oid, oid);
+	ref->flag = flag;
+	return ref;
+}
+
+struct ref_cache *create_ref_cache(struct ref_store *refs,
+				   fill_ref_dir_fn *fill_ref_dir)
+{
+	struct ref_cache *ret = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ret));
+
+	ret->ref_store = refs;
+	ret->fill_ref_dir = fill_ref_dir;
+	ret->root = create_dir_entry(ret, "", 0, 1);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void clear_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir);
+
+static void free_ref_entry(struct ref_entry *entry)
+{
+	if (entry->flag & REF_DIR) {
+		/*
+		 * Do not use get_ref_dir() here, as that might
+		 * trigger the reading of loose refs.
+		 */
+		clear_ref_dir(&entry->u.subdir);
+	}
+	free(entry);
+}
+
+void free_ref_cache(struct ref_cache *cache)
+{
+	free_ref_entry(cache->root);
+	free(cache);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Clear and free all entries in dir, recursively.
+ */
+static void clear_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < dir->nr; i++)
+		free_ref_entry(dir->entries[i]);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(dir->entries);
+	dir->sorted = dir->nr = dir->alloc = 0;
+}
+
+struct ref_entry *create_dir_entry(struct ref_cache *cache,
+				   const char *dirname, size_t len,
+				   int incomplete)
+{
+	struct ref_entry *direntry;
+
+	FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(direntry, name, dirname, len);
+	direntry->u.subdir.cache = cache;
+	direntry->flag = REF_DIR | (incomplete ? REF_INCOMPLETE : 0);
+	return direntry;
+}
+
+static int ref_entry_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	struct ref_entry *one = *(struct ref_entry **)a;
+	struct ref_entry *two = *(struct ref_entry **)b;
+	return strcmp(one->name, two->name);
+}
+
+static void sort_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir);
+
+struct string_slice {
+	size_t len;
+	const char *str;
+};
+
+static int ref_entry_cmp_sslice(const void *key_, const void *ent_)
+{
+	const struct string_slice *key = key_;
+	const struct ref_entry *ent = *(const struct ref_entry * const *)ent_;
+	int cmp = strncmp(key->str, ent->name, key->len);
+	if (cmp)
+		return cmp;
+	return '\0' - (unsigned char)ent->name[key->len];
+}
+
+int search_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir, const char *refname, size_t len)
+{
+	struct ref_entry **r;
+	struct string_slice key;
+
+	if (refname == NULL || !dir->nr)
+		return -1;
+
+	sort_ref_dir(dir);
+	key.len = len;
+	key.str = refname;
+	r = bsearch(&key, dir->entries, dir->nr, sizeof(*dir->entries),
+		    ref_entry_cmp_sslice);
+
+	if (r == NULL)
+		return -1;
+
+	return r - dir->entries;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Search for a directory entry directly within dir (without
+ * recursing).  Sort dir if necessary.  subdirname must be a directory
+ * name (i.e., end in '/').  If mkdir is set, then create the
+ * directory if it is missing; otherwise, return NULL if the desired
+ * directory cannot be found.  dir must already be complete.
+ */
+static struct ref_dir *search_for_subdir(struct ref_dir *dir,
+					 const char *subdirname, size_t len,
+					 int mkdir)
+{
+	int entry_index = search_ref_dir(dir, subdirname, len);
+	struct ref_entry *entry;
+	if (entry_index == -1) {
+		if (!mkdir)
+			return NULL;
+		/*
+		 * Since dir is complete, the absence of a subdir
+		 * means that the subdir really doesn't exist;
+		 * therefore, create an empty record for it but mark
+		 * the record complete.
+		 */
+		entry = create_dir_entry(dir->cache, subdirname, len, 0);
+		add_entry_to_dir(dir, entry);
+	} else {
+		entry = dir->entries[entry_index];
+	}
+	return get_ref_dir(entry);
+}
+
+/*
+ * If refname is a reference name, find the ref_dir within the dir
+ * tree that should hold refname. If refname is a directory name
+ * (i.e., it ends in '/'), then return that ref_dir itself. dir must
+ * represent the top-level directory and must already be complete.
+ * Sort ref_dirs and recurse into subdirectories as necessary. If
+ * mkdir is set, then create any missing directories; otherwise,
+ * return NULL if the desired directory cannot be found.
+ */
+static struct ref_dir *find_containing_dir(struct ref_dir *dir,
+					   const char *refname, int mkdir)
+{
+	const char *slash;
+	for (slash = strchr(refname, '/'); slash; slash = strchr(slash + 1, '/')) {
+		size_t dirnamelen = slash - refname + 1;
+		struct ref_dir *subdir;
+		subdir = search_for_subdir(dir, refname, dirnamelen, mkdir);
+		if (!subdir) {
+			dir = NULL;
+			break;
+		}
+		dir = subdir;
+	}
+
+	return dir;
+}
+
+struct ref_entry *find_ref_entry(struct ref_dir *dir, const char *refname)
+{
+	int entry_index;
+	struct ref_entry *entry;
+	dir = find_containing_dir(dir, refname, 0);
+	if (!dir)
+		return NULL;
+	entry_index = search_ref_dir(dir, refname, strlen(refname));
+	if (entry_index == -1)
+		return NULL;
+	entry = dir->entries[entry_index];
+	return (entry->flag & REF_DIR) ? NULL : entry;
+}
+
+int remove_entry_from_dir(struct ref_dir *dir, const char *refname)
+{
+	int refname_len = strlen(refname);
+	int entry_index;
+	struct ref_entry *entry;
+	int is_dir = refname[refname_len - 1] == '/';
+	if (is_dir) {
+		/*
+		 * refname represents a reference directory.  Remove
+		 * the trailing slash; otherwise we will get the
+		 * directory *representing* refname rather than the
+		 * one *containing* it.
+		 */
+		char *dirname = xmemdupz(refname, refname_len - 1);
+		dir = find_containing_dir(dir, dirname, 0);
+		free(dirname);
+	} else {
+		dir = find_containing_dir(dir, refname, 0);
+	}
+	if (!dir)
+		return -1;
+	entry_index = search_ref_dir(dir, refname, refname_len);
+	if (entry_index == -1)
+		return -1;
+	entry = dir->entries[entry_index];
+
+	MOVE_ARRAY(&dir->entries[entry_index],
+		   &dir->entries[entry_index + 1], dir->nr - entry_index - 1);
+	dir->nr--;
+	if (dir->sorted > entry_index)
+		dir->sorted--;
+	free_ref_entry(entry);
+	return dir->nr;
+}
+
+int add_ref_entry(struct ref_dir *dir, struct ref_entry *ref)
+{
+	dir = find_containing_dir(dir, ref->name, 1);
+	if (!dir)
+		return -1;
+	add_entry_to_dir(dir, ref);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Emit a warning and return true iff ref1 and ref2 have the same name
+ * and the same oid. Die if they have the same name but different
+ * oids.
+ */
+static int is_dup_ref(const struct ref_entry *ref1, const struct ref_entry *ref2)
+{
+	if (strcmp(ref1->name, ref2->name))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Duplicate name; make sure that they don't conflict: */
+
+	if ((ref1->flag & REF_DIR) || (ref2->flag & REF_DIR))
+		/* This is impossible by construction */
+		die("Reference directory conflict: %s", ref1->name);
+
+	if (oidcmp(&ref1->u.value.oid, &ref2->u.value.oid))
+		die("Duplicated ref, and SHA1s don't match: %s", ref1->name);
+
+	warning("Duplicated ref: %s", ref1->name);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Sort the entries in dir non-recursively (if they are not already
+ * sorted) and remove any duplicate entries.
+ */
+static void sort_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir)
+{
+	int i, j;
+	struct ref_entry *last = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * This check also prevents passing a zero-length array to qsort(),
+	 * which is a problem on some platforms.
+	 */
+	if (dir->sorted == dir->nr)
+		return;
+
+	QSORT(dir->entries, dir->nr, ref_entry_cmp);
+
+	/* Remove any duplicates: */
+	for (i = 0, j = 0; j < dir->nr; j++) {
+		struct ref_entry *entry = dir->entries[j];
+		if (last && is_dup_ref(last, entry))
+			free_ref_entry(entry);
+		else
+			last = dir->entries[i++] = entry;
+	}
+	dir->sorted = dir->nr = i;
+}
+
+enum prefix_state {
+	/* All refs within the directory would match prefix: */
+	PREFIX_CONTAINS_DIR,
+
+	/* Some, but not all, refs within the directory might match prefix: */
+	PREFIX_WITHIN_DIR,
+
+	/* No refs within the directory could possibly match prefix: */
+	PREFIX_EXCLUDES_DIR
+};
+
+/*
+ * Return a `prefix_state` constant describing the relationship
+ * between the directory with the specified `dirname` and `prefix`.
+ */
+static enum prefix_state overlaps_prefix(const char *dirname,
+					 const char *prefix)
+{
+	while (*prefix && *dirname == *prefix) {
+		dirname++;
+		prefix++;
+	}
+	if (!*prefix)
+		return PREFIX_CONTAINS_DIR;
+	else if (!*dirname)
+		return PREFIX_WITHIN_DIR;
+	else
+		return PREFIX_EXCLUDES_DIR;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Load all of the refs from `dir` (recursively) that could possibly
+ * contain references matching `prefix` into our in-memory cache. If
+ * `prefix` is NULL, prime unconditionally.
+ */
+static void prime_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir, const char *prefix)
+{
+	/*
+	 * The hard work of loading loose refs is done by get_ref_dir(), so we
+	 * just need to recurse through all of the sub-directories. We do not
+	 * even need to care about sorting, as traversal order does not matter
+	 * to us.
+	 */
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < dir->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_entry *entry = dir->entries[i];
+		if (!(entry->flag & REF_DIR)) {
+			/* Not a directory; no need to recurse. */
+		} else if (!prefix) {
+			/* Recurse in any case: */
+			prime_ref_dir(get_ref_dir(entry), NULL);
+		} else {
+			switch (overlaps_prefix(entry->name, prefix)) {
+			case PREFIX_CONTAINS_DIR:
+				/*
+				 * Recurse, and from here down we
+				 * don't have to check the prefix
+				 * anymore:
+				 */
+				prime_ref_dir(get_ref_dir(entry), NULL);
+				break;
+			case PREFIX_WITHIN_DIR:
+				prime_ref_dir(get_ref_dir(entry), prefix);
+				break;
+			case PREFIX_EXCLUDES_DIR:
+				/* No need to prime this directory. */
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * A level in the reference hierarchy that is currently being iterated
+ * through.
+ */
+struct cache_ref_iterator_level {
+	/*
+	 * The ref_dir being iterated over at this level. The ref_dir
+	 * is sorted before being stored here.
+	 */
+	struct ref_dir *dir;
+
+	enum prefix_state prefix_state;
+
+	/*
+	 * The index of the current entry within dir (which might
+	 * itself be a directory). If index == -1, then the iteration
+	 * hasn't yet begun. If index == dir->nr, then the iteration
+	 * through this level is over.
+	 */
+	int index;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Represent an iteration through a ref_dir in the memory cache. The
+ * iteration recurses through subdirectories.
+ */
+struct cache_ref_iterator {
+	struct ref_iterator base;
+
+	/*
+	 * The number of levels currently on the stack. This is always
+	 * at least 1, because when it becomes zero the iteration is
+	 * ended and this struct is freed.
+	 */
+	size_t levels_nr;
+
+	/* The number of levels that have been allocated on the stack */
+	size_t levels_alloc;
+
+	/*
+	 * Only include references with this prefix in the iteration.
+	 * The prefix is matched textually, without regard for path
+	 * component boundaries.
+	 */
+	const char *prefix;
+
+	/*
+	 * A stack of levels. levels[0] is the uppermost level that is
+	 * being iterated over in this iteration. (This is not
+	 * necessary the top level in the references hierarchy. If we
+	 * are iterating through a subtree, then levels[0] will hold
+	 * the ref_dir for that subtree, and subsequent levels will go
+	 * on from there.)
+	 */
+	struct cache_ref_iterator_level *levels;
+};
+
+static int cache_ref_iterator_advance(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
+{
+	struct cache_ref_iterator *iter =
+		(struct cache_ref_iterator *)ref_iterator;
+
+	while (1) {
+		struct cache_ref_iterator_level *level =
+			&iter->levels[iter->levels_nr - 1];
+		struct ref_dir *dir = level->dir;
+		struct ref_entry *entry;
+		enum prefix_state entry_prefix_state;
+
+		if (level->index == -1)
+			sort_ref_dir(dir);
+
+		if (++level->index == level->dir->nr) {
+			/* This level is exhausted; pop up a level */
+			if (--iter->levels_nr == 0)
+				return ref_iterator_abort(ref_iterator);
+
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		entry = dir->entries[level->index];
+
+		if (level->prefix_state == PREFIX_WITHIN_DIR) {
+			entry_prefix_state = overlaps_prefix(entry->name, iter->prefix);
+			if (entry_prefix_state == PREFIX_EXCLUDES_DIR)
+				continue;
+		} else {
+			entry_prefix_state = level->prefix_state;
+		}
+
+		if (entry->flag & REF_DIR) {
+			/* push down a level */
+			ALLOC_GROW(iter->levels, iter->levels_nr + 1,
+				   iter->levels_alloc);
+
+			level = &iter->levels[iter->levels_nr++];
+			level->dir = get_ref_dir(entry);
+			level->prefix_state = entry_prefix_state;
+			level->index = -1;
+		} else {
+			iter->base.refname = entry->name;
+			iter->base.oid = &entry->u.value.oid;
+			iter->base.flags = entry->flag;
+			return ITER_OK;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static int cache_ref_iterator_peel(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator,
+				   struct object_id *peeled)
+{
+	return peel_object(ref_iterator->oid, peeled);
+}
+
+static int cache_ref_iterator_abort(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator)
+{
+	struct cache_ref_iterator *iter =
+		(struct cache_ref_iterator *)ref_iterator;
+
+	free((char *)iter->prefix);
+	free(iter->levels);
+	base_ref_iterator_free(ref_iterator);
+	return ITER_DONE;
+}
+
+static struct ref_iterator_vtable cache_ref_iterator_vtable = {
+	cache_ref_iterator_advance,
+	cache_ref_iterator_peel,
+	cache_ref_iterator_abort
+};
+
+struct ref_iterator *cache_ref_iterator_begin(struct ref_cache *cache,
+					      const char *prefix,
+					      int prime_dir)
+{
+	struct ref_dir *dir;
+	struct cache_ref_iterator *iter;
+	struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator;
+	struct cache_ref_iterator_level *level;
+
+	dir = get_ref_dir(cache->root);
+	if (prefix && *prefix)
+		dir = find_containing_dir(dir, prefix, 0);
+	if (!dir)
+		/* There's nothing to iterate over. */
+		return empty_ref_iterator_begin();
+
+	if (prime_dir)
+		prime_ref_dir(dir, prefix);
+
+	iter = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*iter));
+	ref_iterator = &iter->base;
+	base_ref_iterator_init(ref_iterator, &cache_ref_iterator_vtable, 1);
+	ALLOC_GROW(iter->levels, 10, iter->levels_alloc);
+
+	iter->levels_nr = 1;
+	level = &iter->levels[0];
+	level->index = -1;
+	level->dir = dir;
+
+	if (prefix && *prefix) {
+		iter->prefix = xstrdup(prefix);
+		level->prefix_state = PREFIX_WITHIN_DIR;
+	} else {
+		level->prefix_state = PREFIX_CONTAINS_DIR;
+	}
+
+	return ref_iterator;
+}
diff --git a/refs/ref-cache.h b/refs/ref-cache.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eda65e73ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/refs/ref-cache.h
@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+#ifndef REFS_REF_CACHE_H
+#define REFS_REF_CACHE_H
+
+struct ref_dir;
+
+/*
+ * If this ref_cache is filled lazily, this function is used to load
+ * information into the specified ref_dir (shallow or deep, at the
+ * option of the ref_store). dirname includes a trailing slash.
+ */
+typedef void fill_ref_dir_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			     struct ref_dir *dir, const char *dirname);
+
+struct ref_cache {
+	struct ref_entry *root;
+
+	/* A pointer to the ref_store whose cache this is: */
+	struct ref_store *ref_store;
+
+	/*
+	 * Function used (if necessary) to lazily-fill cache. May be
+	 * NULL.
+	 */
+	fill_ref_dir_fn *fill_ref_dir;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Information used (along with the information in ref_entry) to
+ * describe a single cached reference.  This data structure only
+ * occurs embedded in a union in struct ref_entry, and only when
+ * (ref_entry->flag & REF_DIR) is zero.
+ */
+struct ref_value {
+	/*
+	 * The name of the object to which this reference resolves
+	 * (which may be a tag object).  If REF_ISBROKEN, this is
+	 * null.  If REF_ISSYMREF, then this is the name of the object
+	 * referred to by the last reference in the symlink chain.
+	 */
+	struct object_id oid;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Information used (along with the information in ref_entry) to
+ * describe a level in the hierarchy of references.  This data
+ * structure only occurs embedded in a union in struct ref_entry, and
+ * only when (ref_entry.flag & REF_DIR) is set.  In that case,
+ * (ref_entry.flag & REF_INCOMPLETE) determines whether the references
+ * in the directory have already been read:
+ *
+ *     (ref_entry.flag & REF_INCOMPLETE) unset -- a directory of loose
+ *         or packed references, already read.
+ *
+ *     (ref_entry.flag & REF_INCOMPLETE) set -- a directory of loose
+ *         references that hasn't been read yet (nor has any of its
+ *         subdirectories).
+ *
+ * Entries within a directory are stored within a growable array of
+ * pointers to ref_entries (entries, nr, alloc).  Entries 0 <= i <
+ * sorted are sorted by their component name in strcmp() order and the
+ * remaining entries are unsorted.
+ *
+ * Loose references are read lazily, one directory at a time.  When a
+ * directory of loose references is read, then all of the references
+ * in that directory are stored, and REF_INCOMPLETE stubs are created
+ * for any subdirectories, but the subdirectories themselves are not
+ * read.  The reading is triggered by get_ref_dir().
+ */
+struct ref_dir {
+	int nr, alloc;
+
+	/*
+	 * Entries with index 0 <= i < sorted are sorted by name.  New
+	 * entries are appended to the list unsorted, and are sorted
+	 * only when required; thus we avoid the need to sort the list
+	 * after the addition of every reference.
+	 */
+	int sorted;
+
+	/* The ref_cache containing this entry: */
+	struct ref_cache *cache;
+
+	struct ref_entry **entries;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Bit values for ref_entry::flag.  REF_ISSYMREF=0x01,
+ * REF_ISPACKED=0x02, REF_ISBROKEN=0x04 and REF_BAD_NAME=0x08 are
+ * public values; see refs.h.
+ */
+
+/* ref_entry represents a directory of references */
+#define REF_DIR 0x10
+
+/*
+ * Entry has not yet been read from disk (used only for REF_DIR
+ * entries representing loose references)
+ */
+#define REF_INCOMPLETE 0x20
+
+/*
+ * A ref_entry represents either a reference or a "subdirectory" of
+ * references.
+ *
+ * Each directory in the reference namespace is represented by a
+ * ref_entry with (flags & REF_DIR) set and containing a subdir member
+ * that holds the entries in that directory that have been read so
+ * far.  If (flags & REF_INCOMPLETE) is set, then the directory and
+ * its subdirectories haven't been read yet.  REF_INCOMPLETE is only
+ * used for loose reference directories.
+ *
+ * References are represented by a ref_entry with (flags & REF_DIR)
+ * unset and a value member that describes the reference's value.  The
+ * flag member is at the ref_entry level, but it is also needed to
+ * interpret the contents of the value field (in other words, a
+ * ref_value object is not very much use without the enclosing
+ * ref_entry).
+ *
+ * Reference names cannot end with slash and directories' names are
+ * always stored with a trailing slash (except for the top-level
+ * directory, which is always denoted by "").  This has two nice
+ * consequences: (1) when the entries in each subdir are sorted
+ * lexicographically by name (as they usually are), the references in
+ * a whole tree can be generated in lexicographic order by traversing
+ * the tree in left-to-right, depth-first order; (2) the names of
+ * references and subdirectories cannot conflict, and therefore the
+ * presence of an empty subdirectory does not block the creation of a
+ * similarly-named reference.  (The fact that reference names with the
+ * same leading components can conflict *with each other* is a
+ * separate issue that is regulated by refs_verify_refname_available().)
+ *
+ * Please note that the name field contains the fully-qualified
+ * reference (or subdirectory) name.  Space could be saved by only
+ * storing the relative names.  But that would require the full names
+ * to be generated on the fly when iterating in do_for_each_ref(), and
+ * would break callback functions, who have always been able to assume
+ * that the name strings that they are passed will not be freed during
+ * the iteration.
+ */
+struct ref_entry {
+	unsigned char flag; /* ISSYMREF? ISPACKED? */
+	union {
+		struct ref_value value; /* if not (flags&REF_DIR) */
+		struct ref_dir subdir; /* if (flags&REF_DIR) */
+	} u;
+	/*
+	 * The full name of the reference (e.g., "refs/heads/master")
+	 * or the full name of the directory with a trailing slash
+	 * (e.g., "refs/heads/"):
+	 */
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+
+/*
+ * Return the index of the entry with the given refname from the
+ * ref_dir (non-recursively), sorting dir if necessary.  Return -1 if
+ * no such entry is found.  dir must already be complete.
+ */
+int search_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir, const char *refname, size_t len);
+
+struct ref_dir *get_ref_dir(struct ref_entry *entry);
+
+/*
+ * Create a struct ref_entry object for the specified dirname.
+ * dirname is the name of the directory with a trailing slash (e.g.,
+ * "refs/heads/") or "" for the top-level directory.
+ */
+struct ref_entry *create_dir_entry(struct ref_cache *cache,
+				   const char *dirname, size_t len,
+				   int incomplete);
+
+struct ref_entry *create_ref_entry(const char *refname,
+				   const struct object_id *oid, int flag);
+
+/*
+ * Return a pointer to a new `ref_cache`. Its top-level starts out
+ * marked incomplete. If `fill_ref_dir` is non-NULL, it is the
+ * function called to fill in incomplete directories in the
+ * `ref_cache` when they are accessed. If it is NULL, then the whole
+ * `ref_cache` must be filled (including clearing its directories'
+ * `REF_INCOMPLETE` bits) before it is used, and `refs` can be NULL,
+ * too.
+ */
+struct ref_cache *create_ref_cache(struct ref_store *refs,
+				   fill_ref_dir_fn *fill_ref_dir);
+
+/*
+ * Free the `ref_cache` and all of its associated data.
+ */
+void free_ref_cache(struct ref_cache *cache);
+
+/*
+ * Add a ref_entry to the end of dir (unsorted).  Entry is always
+ * stored directly in dir; no recursion into subdirectories is
+ * done.
+ */
+void add_entry_to_dir(struct ref_dir *dir, struct ref_entry *entry);
+
+/*
+ * Remove the entry with the given name from dir, recursing into
+ * subdirectories as necessary.  If refname is the name of a directory
+ * (i.e., ends with '/'), then remove the directory and its contents.
+ * If the removal was successful, return the number of entries
+ * remaining in the directory entry that contained the deleted entry.
+ * If the name was not found, return -1.  Please note that this
+ * function only deletes the entry from the cache; it does not delete
+ * it from the filesystem or ensure that other cache entries (which
+ * might be symbolic references to the removed entry) are updated.
+ * Nor does it remove any containing dir entries that might be made
+ * empty by the removal.  dir must represent the top-level directory
+ * and must already be complete.
+ */
+int remove_entry_from_dir(struct ref_dir *dir, const char *refname);
+
+/*
+ * Add a ref_entry to the ref_dir (unsorted), recursing into
+ * subdirectories as necessary.  dir must represent the top-level
+ * directory.  Return 0 on success.
+ */
+int add_ref_entry(struct ref_dir *dir, struct ref_entry *ref);
+
+/*
+ * Find the value entry with the given name in dir, sorting ref_dirs
+ * and recursing into subdirectories as necessary.  If the name is not
+ * found or it corresponds to a directory entry, return NULL.
+ */
+struct ref_entry *find_ref_entry(struct ref_dir *dir, const char *refname);
+
+/*
+ * Start iterating over references in `cache`. If `prefix` is
+ * specified, only include references whose names start with that
+ * prefix. If `prime_dir` is true, then fill any incomplete
+ * directories before beginning the iteration. The output is ordered
+ * by refname.
+ */
+struct ref_iterator *cache_ref_iterator_begin(struct ref_cache *cache,
+					      const char *prefix,
+					      int prime_dir);
+
+#endif /* REFS_REF_CACHE_H */
diff --git a/refs/refs-internal.h b/refs/refs-internal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..04425d6d1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/refs/refs-internal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,673 @@
+#ifndef REFS_REFS_INTERNAL_H
+#define REFS_REFS_INTERNAL_H
+
+#include "iterator.h"
+
+/*
+ * Data structures and functions for the internal use of the refs
+ * module. Code outside of the refs module should use only the public
+ * functions defined in "refs.h", and should *not* include this file.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The following flags can appear in `ref_update::flags`. Their
+ * numerical values must not conflict with those of REF_NO_DEREF and
+ * REF_FORCE_CREATE_REFLOG, which are also stored in
+ * `ref_update::flags`.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The reference should be updated to new_oid.
+ */
+#define REF_HAVE_NEW (1 << 2)
+
+/*
+ * The current reference's value should be checked to make sure that
+ * it agrees with old_oid.
+ */
+#define REF_HAVE_OLD (1 << 3)
+
+/*
+ * Return the length of time to retry acquiring a loose reference lock
+ * before giving up, in milliseconds:
+ */
+long get_files_ref_lock_timeout_ms(void);
+
+/*
+ * Return true iff refname is minimally safe. "Safe" here means that
+ * deleting a loose reference by this name will not do any damage, for
+ * example by causing a file that is not a reference to be deleted.
+ * This function does not check that the reference name is legal; for
+ * that, use check_refname_format().
+ *
+ * A refname that starts with "refs/" is considered safe iff it
+ * doesn't contain any "." or ".." components or consecutive '/'
+ * characters, end with '/', or (on Windows) contain any '\'
+ * characters. Names that do not start with "refs/" are considered
+ * safe iff they consist entirely of upper case characters and '_'
+ * (like "HEAD" and "MERGE_HEAD" but not "config" or "FOO/BAR").
+ */
+int refname_is_safe(const char *refname);
+
+/*
+ * Helper function: return true if refname, which has the specified
+ * oid and flags, can be resolved to an object in the database. If the
+ * referred-to object does not exist, emit a warning and return false.
+ */
+int ref_resolves_to_object(const char *refname,
+			   const struct object_id *oid,
+			   unsigned int flags);
+
+enum peel_status {
+	/* object was peeled successfully: */
+	PEEL_PEELED = 0,
+
+	/*
+	 * object cannot be peeled because the named object (or an
+	 * object referred to by a tag in the peel chain), does not
+	 * exist.
+	 */
+	PEEL_INVALID = -1,
+
+	/* object cannot be peeled because it is not a tag: */
+	PEEL_NON_TAG = -2,
+
+	/* ref_entry contains no peeled value because it is a symref: */
+	PEEL_IS_SYMREF = -3,
+
+	/*
+	 * ref_entry cannot be peeled because it is broken (i.e., the
+	 * symbolic reference cannot even be resolved to an object
+	 * name):
+	 */
+	PEEL_BROKEN = -4
+};
+
+/*
+ * Peel the named object; i.e., if the object is a tag, resolve the
+ * tag recursively until a non-tag is found.  If successful, store the
+ * result to oid and return PEEL_PEELED.  If the object is not a tag
+ * or is not valid, return PEEL_NON_TAG or PEEL_INVALID, respectively,
+ * and leave oid unchanged.
+ */
+enum peel_status peel_object(const struct object_id *name, struct object_id *oid);
+
+/*
+ * Copy the reflog message msg to sb while cleaning up the whitespaces.
+ * Especially, convert LF to space, because reflog file is one line per entry.
+ */
+void copy_reflog_msg(struct strbuf *sb, const char *msg);
+
+/**
+ * Information needed for a single ref update. Set new_oid to the new
+ * value or to null_oid to delete the ref. To check the old value
+ * while the ref is locked, set (flags & REF_HAVE_OLD) and set old_oid
+ * to the old value, or to null_oid to ensure the ref does not exist
+ * before update.
+ */
+struct ref_update {
+	/*
+	 * If (flags & REF_HAVE_NEW), set the reference to this value
+	 * (or delete it, if `new_oid` is `null_oid`).
+	 */
+	struct object_id new_oid;
+
+	/*
+	 * If (flags & REF_HAVE_OLD), check that the reference
+	 * previously had this value (or didn't previously exist, if
+	 * `old_oid` is `null_oid`).
+	 */
+	struct object_id old_oid;
+
+	/*
+	 * One or more of REF_NO_DEREF, REF_FORCE_CREATE_REFLOG,
+	 * REF_HAVE_NEW, REF_HAVE_OLD, or backend-specific flags.
+	 */
+	unsigned int flags;
+
+	void *backend_data;
+	unsigned int type;
+	char *msg;
+
+	/*
+	 * If this ref_update was split off of a symref update via
+	 * split_symref_update(), then this member points at that
+	 * update. This is used for two purposes:
+	 * 1. When reporting errors, we report the refname under which
+	 *    the update was originally requested.
+	 * 2. When we read the old value of this reference, we
+	 *    propagate it back to its parent update for recording in
+	 *    the latter's reflog.
+	 */
+	struct ref_update *parent_update;
+
+	const char refname[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+
+int refs_read_raw_ref(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+		      const char *refname, struct object_id *oid,
+		      struct strbuf *referent, unsigned int *type);
+
+/*
+ * Write an error to `err` and return a nonzero value iff the same
+ * refname appears multiple times in `refnames`. `refnames` must be
+ * sorted on entry to this function.
+ */
+int ref_update_reject_duplicates(struct string_list *refnames,
+				 struct strbuf *err);
+
+/*
+ * Add a ref_update with the specified properties to transaction, and
+ * return a pointer to the new object. This function does not verify
+ * that refname is well-formed. new_oid and old_oid are only
+ * dereferenced if the REF_HAVE_NEW and REF_HAVE_OLD bits,
+ * respectively, are set in flags.
+ */
+struct ref_update *ref_transaction_add_update(
+		struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+		const char *refname, unsigned int flags,
+		const struct object_id *new_oid,
+		const struct object_id *old_oid,
+		const char *msg);
+
+/*
+ * Transaction states.
+ *
+ * OPEN:   The transaction is initialized and new updates can still be
+ *         added to it. An OPEN transaction can be prepared,
+ *         committed, freed, or aborted (freeing and aborting an open
+ *         transaction are equivalent).
+ *
+ * PREPARED: ref_transaction_prepare(), which locks all of the
+ *         references involved in the update and checks that the
+ *         update has no errors, has been called successfully for the
+ *         transaction. A PREPARED transaction can be committed or
+ *         aborted.
+ *
+ * CLOSED: The transaction is no longer active. A transaction becomes
+ *         CLOSED if there is a failure while building the transaction
+ *         or if a transaction is committed or aborted. A CLOSED
+ *         transaction can only be freed.
+ */
+enum ref_transaction_state {
+	REF_TRANSACTION_OPEN     = 0,
+	REF_TRANSACTION_PREPARED = 1,
+	REF_TRANSACTION_CLOSED   = 2
+};
+
+/*
+ * Data structure for holding a reference transaction, which can
+ * consist of checks and updates to multiple references, carried out
+ * as atomically as possible.  This structure is opaque to callers.
+ */
+struct ref_transaction {
+	struct ref_store *ref_store;
+	struct ref_update **updates;
+	size_t alloc;
+	size_t nr;
+	enum ref_transaction_state state;
+	void *backend_data;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Check for entries in extras that are within the specified
+ * directory, where dirname is a reference directory name including
+ * the trailing slash (e.g., "refs/heads/foo/"). Ignore any
+ * conflicting references that are found in skip. If there is a
+ * conflicting reference, return its name.
+ *
+ * extras and skip must be sorted lists of reference names. Either one
+ * can be NULL, signifying the empty list.
+ */
+const char *find_descendant_ref(const char *dirname,
+				const struct string_list *extras,
+				const struct string_list *skip);
+
+/*
+ * Check whether an attempt to rename old_refname to new_refname would
+ * cause a D/F conflict with any existing reference (other than
+ * possibly old_refname). If there would be a conflict, emit an error
+ * message and return false; otherwise, return true.
+ *
+ * Note that this function is not safe against all races with other
+ * processes (though rename_ref() catches some races that might get by
+ * this check).
+ */
+int refs_rename_ref_available(struct ref_store *refs,
+			      const char *old_refname,
+			      const char *new_refname);
+
+/* We allow "recursive" symbolic refs. Only within reason, though */
+#define SYMREF_MAXDEPTH 5
+
+/* Include broken references in a do_for_each_ref*() iteration: */
+#define DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN 0x01
+
+/*
+ * Reference iterators
+ *
+ * A reference iterator encapsulates the state of an in-progress
+ * iteration over references. Create an instance of `struct
+ * ref_iterator` via one of the functions in this module.
+ *
+ * A freshly-created ref_iterator doesn't yet point at a reference. To
+ * advance the iterator, call ref_iterator_advance(). If successful,
+ * this sets the iterator's refname, oid, and flags fields to describe
+ * the next reference and returns ITER_OK. The data pointed at by
+ * refname and oid belong to the iterator; if you want to retain them
+ * after calling ref_iterator_advance() again or calling
+ * ref_iterator_abort(), you must make a copy. When the iteration has
+ * been exhausted, ref_iterator_advance() releases any resources
+ * assocated with the iteration, frees the ref_iterator object, and
+ * returns ITER_DONE. If you want to abort the iteration early, call
+ * ref_iterator_abort(), which also frees the ref_iterator object and
+ * any associated resources. If there was an internal error advancing
+ * to the next entry, ref_iterator_advance() aborts the iteration,
+ * frees the ref_iterator, and returns ITER_ERROR.
+ *
+ * The reference currently being looked at can be peeled by calling
+ * ref_iterator_peel(). This function is often faster than peel_ref(),
+ * so it should be preferred when iterating over references.
+ *
+ * Putting it all together, a typical iteration looks like this:
+ *
+ *     int ok;
+ *     struct ref_iterator *iter = ...;
+ *
+ *     while ((ok = ref_iterator_advance(iter)) == ITER_OK) {
+ *             if (want_to_stop_iteration()) {
+ *                     ok = ref_iterator_abort(iter);
+ *                     break;
+ *             }
+ *
+ *             // Access information about the current reference:
+ *             if (!(iter->flags & REF_ISSYMREF))
+ *                     printf("%s is %s\n", iter->refname, oid_to_hex(&iter->oid));
+ *
+ *             // If you need to peel the reference:
+ *             ref_iterator_peel(iter, &oid);
+ *     }
+ *
+ *     if (ok != ITER_DONE)
+ *             handle_error();
+ */
+struct ref_iterator {
+	struct ref_iterator_vtable *vtable;
+
+	/*
+	 * Does this `ref_iterator` iterate over references in order
+	 * by refname?
+	 */
+	unsigned int ordered : 1;
+
+	const char *refname;
+	const struct object_id *oid;
+	unsigned int flags;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Advance the iterator to the first or next item and return ITER_OK.
+ * If the iteration is exhausted, free the resources associated with
+ * the ref_iterator and return ITER_DONE. On errors, free the iterator
+ * resources and return ITER_ERROR. It is a bug to use ref_iterator or
+ * call this function again after it has returned ITER_DONE or
+ * ITER_ERROR.
+ */
+int ref_iterator_advance(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator);
+
+/*
+ * If possible, peel the reference currently being viewed by the
+ * iterator. Return 0 on success.
+ */
+int ref_iterator_peel(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator,
+		      struct object_id *peeled);
+
+/*
+ * End the iteration before it has been exhausted, freeing the
+ * reference iterator and any associated resources and returning
+ * ITER_DONE. If the abort itself failed, return ITER_ERROR.
+ */
+int ref_iterator_abort(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator);
+
+/*
+ * An iterator over nothing (its first ref_iterator_advance() call
+ * returns ITER_DONE).
+ */
+struct ref_iterator *empty_ref_iterator_begin(void);
+
+/*
+ * Return true iff ref_iterator is an empty_ref_iterator.
+ */
+int is_empty_ref_iterator(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator);
+
+/*
+ * Return an iterator that goes over each reference in `refs` for
+ * which the refname begins with prefix. If trim is non-zero, then
+ * trim that many characters off the beginning of each refname. flags
+ * can be DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN to include broken references in
+ * the iteration. The output is ordered by refname.
+ */
+struct ref_iterator *refs_ref_iterator_begin(
+		struct ref_store *refs,
+		const char *prefix, int trim, int flags);
+
+/*
+ * A callback function used to instruct merge_ref_iterator how to
+ * interleave the entries from iter0 and iter1. The function should
+ * return one of the constants defined in enum iterator_selection. It
+ * must not advance either of the iterators itself.
+ *
+ * The function must be prepared to handle the case that iter0 and/or
+ * iter1 is NULL, which indicates that the corresponding sub-iterator
+ * has been exhausted. Its return value must be consistent with the
+ * current states of the iterators; e.g., it must not return
+ * ITER_SKIP_1 if iter1 has already been exhausted.
+ */
+typedef enum iterator_selection ref_iterator_select_fn(
+		struct ref_iterator *iter0, struct ref_iterator *iter1,
+		void *cb_data);
+
+/*
+ * Iterate over the entries from iter0 and iter1, with the values
+ * interleaved as directed by the select function. The iterator takes
+ * ownership of iter0 and iter1 and frees them when the iteration is
+ * over. A derived class should set `ordered` to 1 or 0 based on
+ * whether it generates its output in order by reference name.
+ */
+struct ref_iterator *merge_ref_iterator_begin(
+		int ordered,
+		struct ref_iterator *iter0, struct ref_iterator *iter1,
+		ref_iterator_select_fn *select, void *cb_data);
+
+/*
+ * An iterator consisting of the union of the entries from front and
+ * back. If there are entries common to the two sub-iterators, use the
+ * one from front. Each iterator must iterate over its entries in
+ * strcmp() order by refname for this to work.
+ *
+ * The new iterator takes ownership of its arguments and frees them
+ * when the iteration is over. As a convenience to callers, if front
+ * or back is an empty_ref_iterator, then abort that one immediately
+ * and return the other iterator directly, without wrapping it.
+ */
+struct ref_iterator *overlay_ref_iterator_begin(
+		struct ref_iterator *front, struct ref_iterator *back);
+
+/*
+ * Wrap iter0, only letting through the references whose names start
+ * with prefix. If trim is set, set iter->refname to the name of the
+ * reference with that many characters trimmed off the front;
+ * otherwise set it to the full refname. The new iterator takes over
+ * ownership of iter0 and frees it when iteration is over. It makes
+ * its own copy of prefix.
+ *
+ * As an convenience to callers, if prefix is the empty string and
+ * trim is zero, this function returns iter0 directly, without
+ * wrapping it.
+ *
+ * The resulting ref_iterator is ordered if iter0 is.
+ */
+struct ref_iterator *prefix_ref_iterator_begin(struct ref_iterator *iter0,
+					       const char *prefix,
+					       int trim);
+
+/* Internal implementation of reference iteration: */
+
+/*
+ * Base class constructor for ref_iterators. Initialize the
+ * ref_iterator part of iter, setting its vtable pointer as specified.
+ * `ordered` should be set to 1 if the iterator will iterate over
+ * references in order by refname; otherwise it should be set to 0.
+ * This is meant to be called only by the initializers of derived
+ * classes.
+ */
+void base_ref_iterator_init(struct ref_iterator *iter,
+			    struct ref_iterator_vtable *vtable,
+			    int ordered);
+
+/*
+ * Base class destructor for ref_iterators. Destroy the ref_iterator
+ * part of iter and shallow-free the object. This is meant to be
+ * called only by the destructors of derived classes.
+ */
+void base_ref_iterator_free(struct ref_iterator *iter);
+
+/* Virtual function declarations for ref_iterators: */
+
+typedef int ref_iterator_advance_fn(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator);
+
+typedef int ref_iterator_peel_fn(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator,
+				 struct object_id *peeled);
+
+/*
+ * Implementations of this function should free any resources specific
+ * to the derived class, then call base_ref_iterator_free() to clean
+ * up and free the ref_iterator object.
+ */
+typedef int ref_iterator_abort_fn(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator);
+
+struct ref_iterator_vtable {
+	ref_iterator_advance_fn *advance;
+	ref_iterator_peel_fn *peel;
+	ref_iterator_abort_fn *abort;
+};
+
+/*
+ * current_ref_iter is a performance hack: when iterating over
+ * references using the for_each_ref*() functions, current_ref_iter is
+ * set to the reference iterator before calling the callback function.
+ * If the callback function calls peel_ref(), then peel_ref() first
+ * checks whether the reference to be peeled is the one referred to by
+ * the iterator (it usually is) and if so, asks the iterator for the
+ * peeled version of the reference if it is available. This avoids a
+ * refname lookup in a common case. current_ref_iter is set to NULL
+ * when the iteration is over.
+ */
+extern struct ref_iterator *current_ref_iter;
+
+/*
+ * The common backend for the for_each_*ref* functions. Call fn for
+ * each reference in iter. If the iterator itself ever returns
+ * ITER_ERROR, return -1. If fn ever returns a non-zero value, stop
+ * the iteration and return that value. Otherwise, return 0. In any
+ * case, free the iterator when done. This function is basically an
+ * adapter between the callback style of reference iteration and the
+ * iterator style.
+ */
+int do_for_each_ref_iterator(struct ref_iterator *iter,
+			     each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+
+/*
+ * Only include per-worktree refs in a do_for_each_ref*() iteration.
+ * Normally this will be used with a files ref_store, since that's
+ * where all reference backends will presumably store their
+ * per-worktree refs.
+ */
+#define DO_FOR_EACH_PER_WORKTREE_ONLY 0x02
+
+struct ref_store;
+
+/* refs backends */
+
+/* ref_store_init flags */
+#define REF_STORE_READ		(1 << 0)
+#define REF_STORE_WRITE		(1 << 1) /* can perform update operations */
+#define REF_STORE_ODB		(1 << 2) /* has access to object database */
+#define REF_STORE_MAIN		(1 << 3)
+#define REF_STORE_ALL_CAPS	(REF_STORE_READ | \
+				 REF_STORE_WRITE | \
+				 REF_STORE_ODB | \
+				 REF_STORE_MAIN)
+
+/*
+ * Initialize the ref_store for the specified gitdir. These functions
+ * should call base_ref_store_init() to initialize the shared part of
+ * the ref_store and to record the ref_store for later lookup.
+ */
+typedef struct ref_store *ref_store_init_fn(const char *gitdir,
+					    unsigned int flags);
+
+typedef int ref_init_db_fn(struct ref_store *refs, struct strbuf *err);
+
+typedef int ref_transaction_prepare_fn(struct ref_store *refs,
+				       struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+				       struct strbuf *err);
+
+typedef int ref_transaction_finish_fn(struct ref_store *refs,
+				      struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+				      struct strbuf *err);
+
+typedef int ref_transaction_abort_fn(struct ref_store *refs,
+				     struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+				     struct strbuf *err);
+
+typedef int ref_transaction_commit_fn(struct ref_store *refs,
+				      struct ref_transaction *transaction,
+				      struct strbuf *err);
+
+typedef int pack_refs_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store, unsigned int flags);
+typedef int create_symref_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			     const char *ref_target,
+			     const char *refs_heads_master,
+			     const char *logmsg);
+typedef int delete_refs_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store, const char *msg,
+			   struct string_list *refnames, unsigned int flags);
+typedef int rename_ref_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			  const char *oldref, const char *newref,
+			  const char *logmsg);
+typedef int copy_ref_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			  const char *oldref, const char *newref,
+			  const char *logmsg);
+
+/*
+ * Iterate over the references in `ref_store` whose names start with
+ * `prefix`. `prefix` is matched as a literal string, without regard
+ * for path separators. If prefix is NULL or the empty string, iterate
+ * over all references in `ref_store`. The output is ordered by
+ * refname.
+ */
+typedef struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator_begin_fn(
+		struct ref_store *ref_store,
+		const char *prefix, unsigned int flags);
+
+/* reflog functions */
+
+/*
+ * Iterate over the references in the specified ref_store that have a
+ * reflog. The refs are iterated over in arbitrary order.
+ */
+typedef struct ref_iterator *reflog_iterator_begin_fn(
+		struct ref_store *ref_store);
+
+typedef int for_each_reflog_ent_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+				   const char *refname,
+				   each_reflog_ent_fn fn,
+				   void *cb_data);
+typedef int for_each_reflog_ent_reverse_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+					   const char *refname,
+					   each_reflog_ent_fn fn,
+					   void *cb_data);
+typedef int reflog_exists_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store, const char *refname);
+typedef int create_reflog_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store, const char *refname,
+			     int force_create, struct strbuf *err);
+typedef int delete_reflog_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store, const char *refname);
+typedef int reflog_expire_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			     const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+			     unsigned int flags,
+			     reflog_expiry_prepare_fn prepare_fn,
+			     reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn should_prune_fn,
+			     reflog_expiry_cleanup_fn cleanup_fn,
+			     void *policy_cb_data);
+
+/*
+ * Read a reference from the specified reference store, non-recursively.
+ * Set type to describe the reference, and:
+ *
+ * - If refname is the name of a normal reference, fill in oid
+ *   (leaving referent unchanged).
+ *
+ * - If refname is the name of a symbolic reference, write the full
+ *   name of the reference to which it refers (e.g.
+ *   "refs/heads/master") to referent and set the REF_ISSYMREF bit in
+ *   type (leaving oid unchanged). The caller is responsible for
+ *   validating that referent is a valid reference name.
+ *
+ * WARNING: refname might be used as part of a filename, so it is
+ * important from a security standpoint that it be safe in the sense
+ * of refname_is_safe(). Moreover, for symrefs this function sets
+ * referent to whatever the repository says, which might not be a
+ * properly-formatted or even safe reference name. NEITHER INPUT NOR
+ * OUTPUT REFERENCE NAMES ARE VALIDATED WITHIN THIS FUNCTION.
+ *
+ * Return 0 on success. If the ref doesn't exist, set errno to ENOENT
+ * and return -1. If the ref exists but is neither a symbolic ref nor
+ * an object ID, it is broken; set REF_ISBROKEN in type, set errno to
+ * EINVAL, and return -1. If there is another error reading the ref,
+ * set errno appropriately and return -1.
+ *
+ * Backend-specific flags might be set in type as well, regardless of
+ * outcome.
+ *
+ * It is OK for refname to point into referent. If so:
+ *
+ * - if the function succeeds with REF_ISSYMREF, referent will be
+ *   overwritten and the memory formerly pointed to by it might be
+ *   changed or even freed.
+ *
+ * - in all other cases, referent will be untouched, and therefore
+ *   refname will still be valid and unchanged.
+ */
+typedef int read_raw_ref_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store,
+			    const char *refname, struct object_id *oid,
+			    struct strbuf *referent, unsigned int *type);
+
+struct ref_storage_be {
+	struct ref_storage_be *next;
+	const char *name;
+	ref_store_init_fn *init;
+	ref_init_db_fn *init_db;
+
+	ref_transaction_prepare_fn *transaction_prepare;
+	ref_transaction_finish_fn *transaction_finish;
+	ref_transaction_abort_fn *transaction_abort;
+	ref_transaction_commit_fn *initial_transaction_commit;
+
+	pack_refs_fn *pack_refs;
+	create_symref_fn *create_symref;
+	delete_refs_fn *delete_refs;
+	rename_ref_fn *rename_ref;
+	copy_ref_fn *copy_ref;
+
+	ref_iterator_begin_fn *iterator_begin;
+	read_raw_ref_fn *read_raw_ref;
+
+	reflog_iterator_begin_fn *reflog_iterator_begin;
+	for_each_reflog_ent_fn *for_each_reflog_ent;
+	for_each_reflog_ent_reverse_fn *for_each_reflog_ent_reverse;
+	reflog_exists_fn *reflog_exists;
+	create_reflog_fn *create_reflog;
+	delete_reflog_fn *delete_reflog;
+	reflog_expire_fn *reflog_expire;
+};
+
+extern struct ref_storage_be refs_be_files;
+extern struct ref_storage_be refs_be_packed;
+
+/*
+ * A representation of the reference store for the main repository or
+ * a submodule. The ref_store instances for submodules are kept in a
+ * linked list.
+ */
+struct ref_store {
+	/* The backend describing this ref_store's storage scheme: */
+	const struct ref_storage_be *be;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Fill in the generic part of refs and add it to our collection of
+ * reference stores.
+ */
+void base_ref_store_init(struct ref_store *refs,
+			 const struct ref_storage_be *be);
+
+#endif /* REFS_REFS_INTERNAL_H */
diff --git a/refspec.c b/refspec.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f529092fd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/refspec.c
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "refspec.h"
+
+static struct refspec_item s_tag_refspec = {
+	0,
+	1,
+	0,
+	0,
+	"refs/tags/*",
+	"refs/tags/*"
+};
+
+/* See TAG_REFSPEC for the string version */
+const struct refspec_item *tag_refspec = &s_tag_refspec;
+
+/*
+ * Parses the provided refspec 'refspec' and populates the refspec_item 'item'.
+ * Returns 1 if successful and 0 if the refspec is invalid.
+ */
+static int parse_refspec(struct refspec_item *item, const char *refspec, int fetch)
+{
+	size_t llen;
+	int is_glob;
+	const char *lhs, *rhs;
+	int flags;
+
+	is_glob = 0;
+
+	lhs = refspec;
+	if (*lhs == '+') {
+		item->force = 1;
+		lhs++;
+	}
+
+	rhs = strrchr(lhs, ':');
+
+	/*
+	 * Before going on, special case ":" (or "+:") as a refspec
+	 * for pushing matching refs.
+	 */
+	if (!fetch && rhs == lhs && rhs[1] == '\0') {
+		item->matching = 1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (rhs) {
+		size_t rlen = strlen(++rhs);
+		is_glob = (1 <= rlen && strchr(rhs, '*'));
+		item->dst = xstrndup(rhs, rlen);
+	} else {
+		item->dst = NULL;
+	}
+
+	llen = (rhs ? (rhs - lhs - 1) : strlen(lhs));
+	if (1 <= llen && memchr(lhs, '*', llen)) {
+		if ((rhs && !is_glob) || (!rhs && fetch))
+			return 0;
+		is_glob = 1;
+	} else if (rhs && is_glob) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	item->pattern = is_glob;
+	item->src = xstrndup(lhs, llen);
+	flags = REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL | (is_glob ? REFNAME_REFSPEC_PATTERN : 0);
+
+	if (fetch) {
+		struct object_id unused;
+
+		/* LHS */
+		if (!*item->src)
+			; /* empty is ok; it means "HEAD" */
+		else if (llen == GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ && !get_oid_hex(item->src, &unused))
+			item->exact_sha1 = 1; /* ok */
+		else if (!check_refname_format(item->src, flags))
+			; /* valid looking ref is ok */
+		else
+			return 0;
+		/* RHS */
+		if (!item->dst)
+			; /* missing is ok; it is the same as empty */
+		else if (!*item->dst)
+			; /* empty is ok; it means "do not store" */
+		else if (!check_refname_format(item->dst, flags))
+			; /* valid looking ref is ok */
+		else
+			return 0;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * LHS
+		 * - empty is allowed; it means delete.
+		 * - when wildcarded, it must be a valid looking ref.
+		 * - otherwise, it must be an extended SHA-1, but
+		 *   there is no existing way to validate this.
+		 */
+		if (!*item->src)
+			; /* empty is ok */
+		else if (is_glob) {
+			if (check_refname_format(item->src, flags))
+				return 0;
+		}
+		else
+			; /* anything goes, for now */
+		/*
+		 * RHS
+		 * - missing is allowed, but LHS then must be a
+		 *   valid looking ref.
+		 * - empty is not allowed.
+		 * - otherwise it must be a valid looking ref.
+		 */
+		if (!item->dst) {
+			if (check_refname_format(item->src, flags))
+				return 0;
+		} else if (!*item->dst) {
+			return 0;
+		} else {
+			if (check_refname_format(item->dst, flags))
+				return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int refspec_item_init(struct refspec_item *item, const char *refspec, int fetch)
+{
+	memset(item, 0, sizeof(*item));
+	return parse_refspec(item, refspec, fetch);
+}
+
+void refspec_item_init_or_die(struct refspec_item *item, const char *refspec,
+			      int fetch)
+{
+	if (!refspec_item_init(item, refspec, fetch))
+		die(_("invalid refspec '%s'"), refspec);
+}
+
+void refspec_item_clear(struct refspec_item *item)
+{
+	FREE_AND_NULL(item->src);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(item->dst);
+	item->force = 0;
+	item->pattern = 0;
+	item->matching = 0;
+	item->exact_sha1 = 0;
+}
+
+void refspec_init(struct refspec *rs, int fetch)
+{
+	memset(rs, 0, sizeof(*rs));
+	rs->fetch = fetch;
+}
+
+void refspec_append(struct refspec *rs, const char *refspec)
+{
+	struct refspec_item item;
+
+	refspec_item_init_or_die(&item, refspec, rs->fetch);
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(rs->items, rs->nr + 1, rs->alloc);
+	rs->items[rs->nr++] = item;
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(rs->raw, rs->raw_nr + 1, rs->raw_alloc);
+	rs->raw[rs->raw_nr++] = xstrdup(refspec);
+}
+
+void refspec_appendn(struct refspec *rs, const char **refspecs, int nr)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++)
+		refspec_append(rs, refspecs[i]);
+}
+
+void refspec_clear(struct refspec *rs)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < rs->nr; i++)
+		refspec_item_clear(&rs->items[i]);
+
+	FREE_AND_NULL(rs->items);
+	rs->alloc = 0;
+	rs->nr = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < rs->raw_nr; i++)
+		free((char *)rs->raw[i]);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(rs->raw);
+	rs->raw_alloc = 0;
+	rs->raw_nr = 0;
+
+	rs->fetch = 0;
+}
+
+int valid_fetch_refspec(const char *fetch_refspec_str)
+{
+	struct refspec_item refspec;
+	int ret = refspec_item_init(&refspec, fetch_refspec_str, REFSPEC_FETCH);
+	refspec_item_clear(&refspec);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void refspec_ref_prefixes(const struct refspec *rs,
+			  struct argv_array *ref_prefixes)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < rs->nr; i++) {
+		const struct refspec_item *item = &rs->items[i];
+		const char *prefix = NULL;
+
+		if (item->exact_sha1)
+			continue;
+		if (rs->fetch == REFSPEC_FETCH)
+			prefix = item->src;
+		else if (item->dst)
+			prefix = item->dst;
+		else if (item->src && !item->exact_sha1)
+			prefix = item->src;
+
+		if (prefix) {
+			if (item->pattern) {
+				const char *glob = strchr(prefix, '*');
+				argv_array_pushf(ref_prefixes, "%.*s",
+						 (int)(glob - prefix),
+						 prefix);
+			} else {
+				expand_ref_prefix(ref_prefixes, prefix);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/refspec.h b/refspec.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9b6e64a824
--- /dev/null
+++ b/refspec.h
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#ifndef REFSPEC_H
+#define REFSPEC_H
+
+#define TAG_REFSPEC "refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*"
+extern const struct refspec_item *tag_refspec;
+
+struct refspec_item {
+	unsigned force : 1;
+	unsigned pattern : 1;
+	unsigned matching : 1;
+	unsigned exact_sha1 : 1;
+
+	char *src;
+	char *dst;
+};
+
+#define REFSPEC_FETCH 1
+#define REFSPEC_PUSH 0
+
+#define REFSPEC_INIT_FETCH { .fetch = REFSPEC_FETCH }
+#define REFSPEC_INIT_PUSH { .fetch = REFSPEC_PUSH }
+
+struct refspec {
+	struct refspec_item *items;
+	int alloc;
+	int nr;
+
+	const char **raw;
+	int raw_alloc;
+	int raw_nr;
+
+	int fetch;
+};
+
+int refspec_item_init(struct refspec_item *item, const char *refspec,
+		      int fetch);
+void refspec_item_init_or_die(struct refspec_item *item, const char *refspec,
+			      int fetch);
+void refspec_item_clear(struct refspec_item *item);
+void refspec_init(struct refspec *rs, int fetch);
+void refspec_append(struct refspec *rs, const char *refspec);
+void refspec_appendn(struct refspec *rs, const char **refspecs, int nr);
+void refspec_clear(struct refspec *rs);
+
+int valid_fetch_refspec(const char *refspec);
+
+struct argv_array;
+/*
+ * Determine what <prefix> values to pass to the peer in ref-prefix lines
+ * (see Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt).
+ */
+void refspec_ref_prefixes(const struct refspec *rs,
+			  struct argv_array *ref_prefixes);
+
+#endif /* REFSPEC_H */
diff --git a/remote-curl.c b/remote-curl.c
index af7b6786dc..fb28309e85 100644
--- a/remote-curl.c
+++ b/remote-curl.c
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "remote.h"
+#include "connect.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "walker.h"
 #include "http.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
@@ -11,6 +13,9 @@
 #include "argv-array.h"
 #include "credential.h"
 #include "sha1-array.h"
+#include "send-pack.h"
+#include "protocol.h"
+#include "quote.h"
 
 static struct remote *remote;
 /* always ends with a trailing slash */
@@ -19,6 +24,10 @@ static struct strbuf url = STRBUF_INIT;
 struct options {
 	int verbosity;
 	unsigned long depth;
+	char *deepen_since;
+	struct string_list deepen_not;
+	struct string_list push_options;
+	char *filter;
 	unsigned progress : 1,
 		check_self_contained_and_connected : 1,
 		cloning : 1,
@@ -26,7 +35,11 @@ struct options {
 		followtags : 1,
 		dry_run : 1,
 		thin : 1,
-		push_cert : 1;
+		/* One of the SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_* constants. */
+		push_cert : 2,
+		deepen_relative : 1,
+		from_promisor : 1,
+		no_dependents : 1;
 };
 static struct options options;
 static struct string_list cas_options = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
@@ -58,6 +71,23 @@ static int set_option(const char *name, const char *value)
 		options.depth = v;
 		return 0;
 	}
+	else if (!strcmp(name, "deepen-since")) {
+		options.deepen_since = xstrdup(value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	else if (!strcmp(name, "deepen-not")) {
+		string_list_append(&options.deepen_not, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	else if (!strcmp(name, "deepen-relative")) {
+		if (!strcmp(value, "true"))
+			options.deepen_relative = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "false"))
+			options.deepen_relative = 0;
+		else
+			return -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
 	else if (!strcmp(name, "followtags")) {
 		if (!strcmp(value, "true"))
 			options.followtags = 1;
@@ -109,24 +139,60 @@ static int set_option(const char *name, const char *value)
 		return 0;
 	} else if (!strcmp(name, "pushcert")) {
 		if (!strcmp(value, "true"))
-			options.push_cert = 1;
+			options.push_cert = SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS;
 		else if (!strcmp(value, "false"))
-			options.push_cert = 0;
+			options.push_cert = SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_NEVER;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "if-asked"))
+			options.push_cert = SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED;
 		else
 			return -1;
 		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(name, "push-option")) {
+		if (*value != '"')
+			string_list_append(&options.push_options, value);
+		else {
+			struct strbuf unquoted = STRBUF_INIT;
+			if (unquote_c_style(&unquoted, value, NULL) < 0)
+				die("invalid quoting in push-option value");
+			string_list_append_nodup(&options.push_options,
+						 strbuf_detach(&unquoted, NULL));
+		}
+		return 0;
+
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070a08
+	} else if (!strcmp(name, "family")) {
+		if (!strcmp(value, "ipv4"))
+			git_curl_ipresolve = CURL_IPRESOLVE_V4;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "ipv6"))
+			git_curl_ipresolve = CURL_IPRESOLVE_V6;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "all"))
+			git_curl_ipresolve = CURL_IPRESOLVE_WHATEVER;
+		else
+			return -1;
+		return 0;
+#endif /* LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070a08 */
+	} else if (!strcmp(name, "from-promisor")) {
+		options.from_promisor = 1;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(name, "no-dependents")) {
+		options.no_dependents = 1;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(name, "filter")) {
+		options.filter = xstrdup(value);;
+		return 0;
 	} else {
 		return 1 /* unsupported */;
 	}
 }
 
 struct discovery {
-	const char *service;
+	char *service;
 	char *buf_alloc;
 	char *buf;
 	size_t len;
 	struct ref *refs;
-	struct sha1_array shallow;
+	struct oid_array shallow;
+	enum protocol_version version;
 	unsigned proto_git : 1;
 };
 static struct discovery *last_discovery;
@@ -134,8 +200,31 @@ static struct discovery *last_discovery;
 static struct ref *parse_git_refs(struct discovery *heads, int for_push)
 {
 	struct ref *list = NULL;
-	get_remote_heads(-1, heads->buf, heads->len, &list,
-			 for_push ? REF_NORMAL : 0, NULL, &heads->shallow);
+	struct packet_reader reader;
+
+	packet_reader_init(&reader, -1, heads->buf, heads->len,
+			   PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE |
+			   PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF);
+
+	heads->version = discover_version(&reader);
+	switch (heads->version) {
+	case protocol_v2:
+		/*
+		 * Do nothing.  This isn't a list of refs but rather a
+		 * capability advertisement.  Client would have run
+		 * 'stateless-connect' so we'll dump this capability listing
+		 * and let them request the refs themselves.
+		 */
+		break;
+	case protocol_v1:
+	case protocol_v0:
+		get_remote_heads(&reader, &list, for_push ? REF_NORMAL : 0,
+				 NULL, &heads->shallow);
+		break;
+	case protocol_unknown_version:
+		BUG("unknown protocol version");
+	}
+
 	return list;
 }
 
@@ -164,11 +253,8 @@ static struct ref *parse_info_refs(struct discovery *heads)
 				    url.buf);
 			data[i] = 0;
 			ref_name = mid + 1;
-			ref = xmalloc(sizeof(struct ref) +
-				      strlen(ref_name) + 1);
-			memset(ref, 0, sizeof(struct ref));
-			strcpy(ref->name, ref_name);
-			get_sha1_hex(start, ref->old_sha1);
+			ref = alloc_ref(ref_name);
+			get_oid_hex(start, &ref->old_oid);
 			if (!refs)
 				refs = ref;
 			if (last_ref)
@@ -196,9 +282,10 @@ static void free_discovery(struct discovery *d)
 	if (d) {
 		if (d == last_discovery)
 			last_discovery = NULL;
-		free(d->shallow.sha1);
+		free(d->shallow.oid);
 		free(d->buf_alloc);
 		free_refs(d->refs);
+		free(d->service);
 		free(d);
 	}
 }
@@ -230,6 +317,19 @@ static int show_http_message(struct strbuf *type, struct strbuf *charset,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int get_protocol_http_header(enum protocol_version version,
+				    struct strbuf *header)
+{
+	if (version > 0) {
+		strbuf_addf(header, GIT_PROTOCOL_HEADER ": version=%d",
+			    version);
+
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static struct discovery *discover_refs(const char *service, int for_push)
 {
 	struct strbuf exp = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -238,9 +338,12 @@ static struct discovery *discover_refs(const char *service, int for_push)
 	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf refs_url = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf effective_url = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf protocol_header = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct string_list extra_headers = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	struct discovery *last = last_discovery;
 	int http_ret, maybe_smart = 0;
-	struct http_get_options options;
+	struct http_get_options http_options;
+	enum protocol_version version = get_protocol_version_config();
 
 	if (last && !strcmp(service, last->service))
 		return last;
@@ -257,15 +360,29 @@ static struct discovery *discover_refs(const char *service, int for_push)
 		strbuf_addf(&refs_url, "service=%s", service);
 	}
 
-	memset(&options, 0, sizeof(options));
-	options.content_type = &type;
-	options.charset = &charset;
-	options.effective_url = &effective_url;
-	options.base_url = &url;
-	options.no_cache = 1;
-	options.keep_error = 1;
-
-	http_ret = http_get_strbuf(refs_url.buf, &buffer, &options);
+	/*
+	 * NEEDSWORK: If we are trying to use protocol v2 and we are planning
+	 * to perform a push, then fallback to v0 since the client doesn't know
+	 * how to push yet using v2.
+	 */
+	if (version == protocol_v2 && !strcmp("git-receive-pack", service))
+		version = protocol_v0;
+
+	/* Add the extra Git-Protocol header */
+	if (get_protocol_http_header(version, &protocol_header))
+		string_list_append(&extra_headers, protocol_header.buf);
+
+	memset(&http_options, 0, sizeof(http_options));
+	http_options.content_type = &type;
+	http_options.charset = &charset;
+	http_options.effective_url = &effective_url;
+	http_options.base_url = &url;
+	http_options.extra_headers = &extra_headers;
+	http_options.initial_request = 1;
+	http_options.no_cache = 1;
+	http_options.keep_error = 1;
+
+	http_ret = http_get_strbuf(refs_url.buf, &buffer, &http_options);
 	switch (http_ret) {
 	case HTTP_OK:
 		break;
@@ -280,8 +397,11 @@ static struct discovery *discover_refs(const char *service, int for_push)
 		die("unable to access '%s': %s", url.buf, curl_errorstr);
 	}
 
+	if (options.verbosity && !starts_with(refs_url.buf, url.buf))
+		warning(_("redirecting to %s"), url.buf);
+
 	last= xcalloc(1, sizeof(*last_discovery));
-	last->service = service;
+	last->service = xstrdup(service);
 	last->buf_alloc = strbuf_detach(&buffer, &last->len);
 	last->buf = last->buf_alloc;
 
@@ -296,6 +416,8 @@ static struct discovery *discover_refs(const char *service, int for_push)
 		 * pkt-line matches our request.
 		 */
 		line = packet_read_line_buf(&last->buf, &last->len, NULL);
+		if (!line)
+			die("invalid server response; expected service, got flush packet");
 
 		strbuf_reset(&exp);
 		strbuf_addf(&exp, "# service=%s", service);
@@ -311,6 +433,9 @@ static struct discovery *discover_refs(const char *service, int for_push)
 			;
 
 		last->proto_git = 1;
+	} else if (maybe_smart &&
+		   last->len > 5 && starts_with(last->buf + 4, "version 2")) {
+		last->proto_git = 1;
 	}
 
 	if (last->proto_git)
@@ -324,6 +449,8 @@ static struct discovery *discover_refs(const char *service, int for_push)
 	strbuf_release(&charset);
 	strbuf_release(&effective_url);
 	strbuf_release(&buffer);
+	strbuf_release(&protocol_header);
+	string_list_clear(&extra_headers, 0);
 	last_discovery = last;
 	return last;
 }
@@ -347,7 +474,7 @@ static void output_refs(struct ref *refs)
 		if (posn->symref)
 			printf("@%s %s\n", posn->symref, posn->name);
 		else
-			printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(posn->old_sha1), posn->name);
+			printf("%s %s\n", oid_to_hex(&posn->old_oid), posn->name);
 	}
 	printf("\n");
 	fflush(stdout);
@@ -360,12 +487,14 @@ struct rpc_state {
 	char *service_url;
 	char *hdr_content_type;
 	char *hdr_accept;
+	char *protocol_header;
 	char *buf;
 	size_t alloc;
 	size_t len;
 	size_t pos;
 	int in;
 	int out;
+	int any_written;
 	struct strbuf result;
 	unsigned gzip_request : 1;
 	unsigned initial_buffer : 1;
@@ -422,6 +551,8 @@ static size_t rpc_in(char *ptr, size_t eltsize,
 {
 	size_t size = eltsize * nmemb;
 	struct rpc_state *rpc = buffer_;
+	if (size)
+		rpc->any_written = 1;
 	write_or_die(rpc->in, ptr, size);
 	return size;
 }
@@ -438,8 +569,20 @@ static int run_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot,
 	err = run_one_slot(slot, results);
 
 	if (err != HTTP_OK && err != HTTP_REAUTH) {
-		error("RPC failed; result=%d, HTTP code = %ld",
-		      results->curl_result, results->http_code);
+		struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+		if (results->http_code && results->http_code != 200)
+			strbuf_addf(&msg, "HTTP %ld", results->http_code);
+		if (results->curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
+			if (msg.len)
+				strbuf_addch(&msg, ' ');
+			strbuf_addf(&msg, "curl %d", results->curl_result);
+			if (curl_errorstr[0]) {
+				strbuf_addch(&msg, ' ');
+				strbuf_addstr(&msg, curl_errorstr);
+			}
+		}
+		error("RPC failed; %s", msg.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&msg);
 	}
 
 	return err;
@@ -448,7 +591,7 @@ static int run_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot,
 static int probe_rpc(struct rpc_state *rpc, struct slot_results *results)
 {
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct curl_slist *headers = NULL;
+	struct curl_slist *headers = http_copy_default_headers();
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int err;
 
@@ -474,10 +617,16 @@ static int probe_rpc(struct rpc_state *rpc, struct slot_results *results)
 	return err;
 }
 
+static curl_off_t xcurl_off_t(ssize_t len) {
+	if (len > maximum_signed_value_of_type(curl_off_t))
+		die("cannot handle pushes this big");
+	return (curl_off_t) len;
+}
+
 static int post_rpc(struct rpc_state *rpc)
 {
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct curl_slist *headers = NULL;
+	struct curl_slist *headers = http_copy_default_headers();
 	int use_gzip = rpc->gzip_request;
 	char *gzip_body = NULL;
 	size_t gzip_size = 0;
@@ -525,13 +674,17 @@ static int post_rpc(struct rpc_state *rpc)
 	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, needs_100_continue ?
 		"Expect: 100-continue" : "Expect:");
 
+	/* Add the extra Git-Protocol header */
+	if (rpc->protocol_header)
+		headers = curl_slist_append(headers, rpc->protocol_header);
+
 retry:
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 0);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, rpc->service_url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_ENCODING, "gzip");
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_ENCODING, "");
 
 	if (large_request) {
 		/* The request body is large and the size cannot be predicted.
@@ -557,11 +710,11 @@ retry:
 		 * and we just need to send it.
 		 */
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, gzip_body);
-		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE, gzip_size);
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE_LARGE, xcurl_off_t(gzip_size));
 
 	} else if (use_gzip && 1024 < rpc->len) {
 		/* The client backend isn't giving us compressed data so
-		 * we can try to deflate it ourselves, this may save on.
+		 * we can try to deflate it ourselves, this may save on
 		 * the transfer time.
 		 */
 		git_zstream stream;
@@ -588,7 +741,7 @@ retry:
 
 		headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Content-Encoding: gzip");
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, gzip_body);
-		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE, gzip_size);
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE_LARGE, xcurl_off_t(gzip_size));
 
 		if (options.verbosity > 1) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "POST %s (gzip %lu to %lu bytes)\n",
@@ -601,7 +754,7 @@ retry:
 		 * more normal Content-Length approach.
 		 */
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, rpc->buf);
-		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE, rpc->len);
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE_LARGE, xcurl_off_t(rpc->len));
 		if (options.verbosity > 1) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "POST %s (%lu bytes)\n",
 				rpc->service_name, (unsigned long)rpc->len);
@@ -613,6 +766,8 @@ retry:
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, rpc_in);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, rpc);
 
+
+	rpc->any_written = 0;
 	err = run_slot(slot, NULL);
 	if (err == HTTP_REAUTH && !large_request) {
 		credential_fill(&http_auth);
@@ -621,6 +776,9 @@ retry:
 	if (err != HTTP_OK)
 		err = -1;
 
+	if (!rpc->any_written)
+		err = -1;
+
 	curl_slist_free_all(headers);
 	free(gzip_body);
 	return err;
@@ -660,6 +818,11 @@ static int rpc_service(struct rpc_state *rpc, struct discovery *heads)
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "Accept: application/x-%s-result", svc);
 	rpc->hdr_accept = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 
+	if (get_protocol_http_header(heads->version, &buf))
+		rpc->protocol_header = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+	else
+		rpc->protocol_header = NULL;
+
 	while (!err) {
 		int n = packet_read(rpc->out, NULL, NULL, rpc->buf, rpc->alloc, 0);
 		if (!n)
@@ -687,6 +850,7 @@ static int rpc_service(struct rpc_state *rpc, struct discovery *heads)
 	free(rpc->service_url);
 	free(rpc->hdr_content_type);
 	free(rpc->hdr_accept);
+	free(rpc->protocol_header);
 	free(rpc->buf);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return err;
@@ -695,18 +859,16 @@ static int rpc_service(struct rpc_state *rpc, struct discovery *heads)
 static int fetch_dumb(int nr_heads, struct ref **to_fetch)
 {
 	struct walker *walker;
-	char **targets = xmalloc(nr_heads * sizeof(char*));
+	char **targets;
 	int ret, i;
 
-	if (options.depth)
-		die("dumb http transport does not support --depth");
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(targets, nr_heads);
+	if (options.depth || options.deepen_since)
+		die("dumb http transport does not support shallow capabilities");
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++)
-		targets[i] = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(to_fetch[i]->old_sha1));
+		targets[i] = xstrdup(oid_to_hex(&to_fetch[i]->old_oid));
 
 	walker = get_http_walker(url.buf);
-	walker->get_all = 1;
-	walker->get_tree = 1;
-	walker->get_history = 1;
 	walker->get_verbosely = options.verbosity >= 3;
 	walker->get_recover = 0;
 	ret = walker_fetch(walker, nr_heads, targets, NULL, NULL);
@@ -724,51 +886,54 @@ static int fetch_git(struct discovery *heads,
 {
 	struct rpc_state rpc;
 	struct strbuf preamble = STRBUF_INIT;
-	char *depth_arg = NULL;
-	int argc = 0, i, err;
-	const char *argv[17];
-
-	argv[argc++] = "fetch-pack";
-	argv[argc++] = "--stateless-rpc";
-	argv[argc++] = "--stdin";
-	argv[argc++] = "--lock-pack";
+	int i, err;
+	struct argv_array args = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+
+	argv_array_pushl(&args, "fetch-pack", "--stateless-rpc",
+			 "--stdin", "--lock-pack", NULL);
 	if (options.followtags)
-		argv[argc++] = "--include-tag";
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--include-tag");
 	if (options.thin)
-		argv[argc++] = "--thin";
-	if (options.verbosity >= 3) {
-		argv[argc++] = "-v";
-		argv[argc++] = "-v";
-	}
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--thin");
+	if (options.verbosity >= 3)
+		argv_array_pushl(&args, "-v", "-v", NULL);
 	if (options.check_self_contained_and_connected)
-		argv[argc++] = "--check-self-contained-and-connected";
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--check-self-contained-and-connected");
 	if (options.cloning)
-		argv[argc++] = "--cloning";
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--cloning");
 	if (options.update_shallow)
-		argv[argc++] = "--update-shallow";
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--update-shallow");
 	if (!options.progress)
-		argv[argc++] = "--no-progress";
-	if (options.depth) {
-		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-		strbuf_addf(&buf, "--depth=%lu", options.depth);
-		depth_arg = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
-		argv[argc++] = depth_arg;
-	}
-	argv[argc++] = url.buf;
-	argv[argc++] = NULL;
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--no-progress");
+	if (options.depth)
+		argv_array_pushf(&args, "--depth=%lu", options.depth);
+	if (options.deepen_since)
+		argv_array_pushf(&args, "--shallow-since=%s", options.deepen_since);
+	for (i = 0; i < options.deepen_not.nr; i++)
+		argv_array_pushf(&args, "--shallow-exclude=%s",
+				 options.deepen_not.items[i].string);
+	if (options.deepen_relative && options.depth)
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--deepen-relative");
+	if (options.from_promisor)
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--from-promisor");
+	if (options.no_dependents)
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--no-dependents");
+	if (options.filter)
+		argv_array_pushf(&args, "--filter=%s", options.filter);
+	argv_array_push(&args, url.buf);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++) {
 		struct ref *ref = to_fetch[i];
 		if (!*ref->name)
 			die("cannot fetch by sha1 over smart http");
 		packet_buf_write(&preamble, "%s %s\n",
-				 sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), ref->name);
+				 oid_to_hex(&ref->old_oid), ref->name);
 	}
 	packet_buf_flush(&preamble);
 
 	memset(&rpc, 0, sizeof(rpc));
 	rpc.service_name = "git-upload-pack",
-	rpc.argv = argv;
+	rpc.argv = args.argv;
 	rpc.stdin_preamble = &preamble;
 	rpc.gzip_request = 1;
 
@@ -777,7 +942,7 @@ static int fetch_git(struct discovery *heads,
 		write_or_die(1, rpc.result.buf, rpc.result.len);
 	strbuf_release(&rpc.result);
 	strbuf_release(&preamble);
-	free(depth_arg);
+	argv_array_clear(&args);
 	return err;
 }
 
@@ -802,19 +967,19 @@ static void parse_fetch(struct strbuf *buf)
 		if (skip_prefix(buf->buf, "fetch ", &p)) {
 			const char *name;
 			struct ref *ref;
-			unsigned char old_sha1[20];
+			struct object_id old_oid;
 
-			if (strlen(p) < 40 || get_sha1_hex(p, old_sha1))
+			if (get_oid_hex(p, &old_oid))
 				die("protocol error: expected sha/ref, got %s'", p);
-			if (p[40] == ' ')
-				name = p + 41;
-			else if (!p[40])
+			if (p[GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ] == ' ')
+				name = p + GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1;
+			else if (!p[GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ])
 				name = "";
 			else
 				die("protocol error: expected sha/ref, got %s'", p);
 
 			ref = alloc_ref(name);
-			hashcpy(ref->old_sha1, old_sha1);
+			oidcpy(&ref->old_oid, &old_oid);
 
 			*list = ref;
 			list = &ref->next;
@@ -826,7 +991,7 @@ static void parse_fetch(struct strbuf *buf)
 			die("http transport does not support %s", buf->buf);
 
 		strbuf_reset(buf);
-		if (strbuf_getline(buf, stdin, '\n') == EOF)
+		if (strbuf_getline_lf(buf, stdin) == EOF)
 			return;
 		if (!*buf->buf)
 			break;
@@ -844,23 +1009,22 @@ static void parse_fetch(struct strbuf *buf)
 
 static int push_dav(int nr_spec, char **specs)
 {
-	const char **argv = xmalloc((10 + nr_spec) * sizeof(char*));
-	int argc = 0, i;
+	struct child_process child = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	size_t i;
 
-	argv[argc++] = "http-push";
-	argv[argc++] = "--helper-status";
+	child.git_cmd = 1;
+	argv_array_push(&child.args, "http-push");
+	argv_array_push(&child.args, "--helper-status");
 	if (options.dry_run)
-		argv[argc++] = "--dry-run";
+		argv_array_push(&child.args, "--dry-run");
 	if (options.verbosity > 1)
-		argv[argc++] = "--verbose";
-	argv[argc++] = url.buf;
+		argv_array_push(&child.args, "--verbose");
+	argv_array_push(&child.args, url.buf);
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_spec; i++)
-		argv[argc++] = specs[i];
-	argv[argc++] = NULL;
+		argv_array_push(&child.args, specs[i]);
 
-	if (run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD))
-		die("git-%s failed", argv[0]);
-	free(argv);
+	if (run_command(&child))
+		die("git-http-push failed");
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -880,12 +1044,17 @@ static int push_git(struct discovery *heads, int nr_spec, char **specs)
 		argv_array_push(&args, "--thin");
 	if (options.dry_run)
 		argv_array_push(&args, "--dry-run");
-	if (options.push_cert)
-		argv_array_push(&args, "--signed");
+	if (options.push_cert == SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS)
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--signed=yes");
+	else if (options.push_cert == SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED)
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--signed=if-asked");
 	if (options.verbosity == 0)
 		argv_array_push(&args, "--quiet");
 	else if (options.verbosity > 1)
 		argv_array_push(&args, "--verbose");
+	for (i = 0; i < options.push_options.nr; i++)
+		argv_array_pushf(&args, "--push-option=%s",
+				 options.push_options.items[i].string);
 	argv_array_push(&args, options.progress ? "--progress" : "--no-progress");
 	for_each_string_list_item(cas_option, &cas_options)
 		argv_array_push(&args, cas_option->string);
@@ -937,7 +1106,7 @@ static void parse_push(struct strbuf *buf)
 			die("http transport does not support %s", buf->buf);
 
 		strbuf_reset(buf);
-		if (strbuf_getline(buf, stdin, '\n') == EOF)
+		if (strbuf_getline_lf(buf, stdin) == EOF)
 			goto free_specs;
 		if (!*buf->buf)
 			break;
@@ -956,14 +1125,208 @@ static void parse_push(struct strbuf *buf)
 	free(specs);
 }
 
-int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+/*
+ * Used to represent the state of a connection to an HTTP server when
+ * communicating using git's wire-protocol version 2.
+ */
+struct proxy_state {
+	char *service_name;
+	char *service_url;
+	struct curl_slist *headers;
+	struct strbuf request_buffer;
+	int in;
+	int out;
+	struct packet_reader reader;
+	size_t pos;
+	int seen_flush;
+};
+
+static void proxy_state_init(struct proxy_state *p, const char *service_name,
+			     enum protocol_version version)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int nongit;
 
-	git_setup_gettext();
+	memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
+	p->service_name = xstrdup(service_name);
+
+	p->in = 0;
+	p->out = 1;
+	strbuf_init(&p->request_buffer, 0);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s%s", url.buf, p->service_name);
+	p->service_url = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+
+	p->headers = http_copy_default_headers();
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "Content-Type: application/x-%s-request", p->service_name);
+	p->headers = curl_slist_append(p->headers, buf.buf);
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "Accept: application/x-%s-result", p->service_name);
+	p->headers = curl_slist_append(p->headers, buf.buf);
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+
+	p->headers = curl_slist_append(p->headers, "Transfer-Encoding: chunked");
+
+	/* Add the Git-Protocol header */
+	if (get_protocol_http_header(version, &buf))
+		p->headers = curl_slist_append(p->headers, buf.buf);
+
+	packet_reader_init(&p->reader, p->in, NULL, 0,
+			   PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void proxy_state_clear(struct proxy_state *p)
+{
+	free(p->service_name);
+	free(p->service_url);
+	curl_slist_free_all(p->headers);
+	strbuf_release(&p->request_buffer);
+}
+
+/*
+ * CURLOPT_READFUNCTION callback function.
+ * Attempts to copy over a single packet-line at a time into the
+ * curl provided buffer.
+ */
+static size_t proxy_in(char *buffer, size_t eltsize,
+		       size_t nmemb, void *userdata)
+{
+	size_t max;
+	struct proxy_state *p = userdata;
+	size_t avail = p->request_buffer.len - p->pos;
+
+
+	if (eltsize != 1)
+		BUG("curl read callback called with size = %"PRIuMAX" != 1",
+		    (uintmax_t)eltsize);
+	max = nmemb;
+
+	if (!avail) {
+		if (p->seen_flush) {
+			p->seen_flush = 0;
+			return 0;
+		}
+
+		strbuf_reset(&p->request_buffer);
+		switch (packet_reader_read(&p->reader)) {
+		case PACKET_READ_EOF:
+			die("unexpected EOF when reading from parent process");
+		case PACKET_READ_NORMAL:
+			packet_buf_write_len(&p->request_buffer, p->reader.line,
+					     p->reader.pktlen);
+			break;
+		case PACKET_READ_DELIM:
+			packet_buf_delim(&p->request_buffer);
+			break;
+		case PACKET_READ_FLUSH:
+			packet_buf_flush(&p->request_buffer);
+			p->seen_flush = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+		p->pos = 0;
+		avail = p->request_buffer.len;
+	}
+
+	if (max < avail)
+		avail = max;
+	memcpy(buffer, p->request_buffer.buf + p->pos, avail);
+	p->pos += avail;
+	return avail;
+}
+
+static size_t proxy_out(char *buffer, size_t eltsize,
+			size_t nmemb, void *userdata)
+{
+	size_t size;
+	struct proxy_state *p = userdata;
+
+	if (eltsize != 1)
+		BUG("curl read callback called with size = %"PRIuMAX" != 1",
+		    (uintmax_t)eltsize);
+	size = nmemb;
+
+	write_or_die(p->out, buffer, size);
+	return size;
+}
+
+/* Issues a request to the HTTP server configured in `p` */
+static int proxy_request(struct proxy_state *p)
+{
+	struct active_request_slot *slot;
+
+	slot = get_active_slot();
+
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_ENCODING, "");
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 0);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, p->service_url);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, p->headers);
+
+	/* Setup function to read request from client */
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, proxy_in);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_READDATA, p);
+
+	/* Setup function to write server response to client */
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, proxy_out);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, p);
+
+	if (run_slot(slot, NULL) != HTTP_OK)
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int stateless_connect(const char *service_name)
+{
+	struct discovery *discover;
+	struct proxy_state p;
+
+	/*
+	 * Run the info/refs request and see if the server supports protocol
+	 * v2.  If and only if the server supports v2 can we successfully
+	 * establish a stateless connection, otherwise we need to tell the
+	 * client to fallback to using other transport helper functions to
+	 * complete their request.
+	 */
+	discover = discover_refs(service_name, 0);
+	if (discover->version != protocol_v2) {
+		printf("fallback\n");
+		fflush(stdout);
+		return -1;
+	} else {
+		/* Stateless Connection established */
+		printf("\n");
+		fflush(stdout);
+	}
+
+	proxy_state_init(&p, service_name, discover->version);
+
+	/*
+	 * Dump the capability listing that we got from the server earlier
+	 * during the info/refs request.
+	 */
+	write_or_die(p.out, discover->buf, discover->len);
+
+	/* Peek the next packet line.  Until we see EOF keep sending POSTs */
+	while (packet_reader_peek(&p.reader) != PACKET_READ_EOF) {
+		if (proxy_request(&p)) {
+			/* We would have an err here */
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	proxy_state_clear(&p);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int nongit;
 
-	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 	setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
 	if (argc < 2) {
 		error("remote-curl: usage: git remote-curl <remote> [<url>]");
@@ -973,6 +1336,8 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 	options.verbosity = 1;
 	options.progress = !!isatty(2);
 	options.thin = 1;
+	string_list_init(&options.deepen_not, 1);
+	string_list_init(&options.push_options, 1);
 
 	remote = remote_get(argv[1]);
 
@@ -987,7 +1352,7 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 	do {
 		const char *arg;
 
-		if (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, '\n') == EOF) {
+		if (strbuf_getline_lf(&buf, stdin) == EOF) {
 			if (ferror(stdin))
 				error("remote-curl: error reading command stream from git");
 			return 1;
@@ -1025,12 +1390,16 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 			fflush(stdout);
 
 		} else if (!strcmp(buf.buf, "capabilities")) {
+			printf("stateless-connect\n");
 			printf("fetch\n");
 			printf("option\n");
 			printf("push\n");
 			printf("check-connectivity\n");
 			printf("\n");
 			fflush(stdout);
+		} else if (skip_prefix(buf.buf, "stateless-connect ", &arg)) {
+			if (!stateless_connect(arg))
+				break;
 		} else {
 			error("remote-curl: unknown command '%s' from git", buf.buf);
 			return 1;
diff --git a/remote-testsvn.c b/remote-testsvn.c
index 48bf6eb93b..3af708c5b6 100644
--- a/remote-testsvn.c
+++ b/remote-testsvn.c
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "refs.h"
 #include "remote.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "url.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "vcs-svn/svndump.h"
 #include "notes.h"
@@ -50,23 +52,22 @@ static void terminate_batch(void)
 }
 
 /* NOTE: 'ref' refers to a git reference, while 'rev' refers to a svn revision. */
-static char *read_ref_note(const unsigned char sha1[20])
+static char *read_ref_note(const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	const unsigned char *note_sha1;
+	const struct object_id *note_oid;
 	char *msg = NULL;
 	unsigned long msglen;
 	enum object_type type;
 
 	init_notes(NULL, notes_ref, NULL, 0);
-	if (!(note_sha1 = get_note(NULL, sha1)))
+	if (!(note_oid = get_note(NULL, oid)))
 		return NULL;	/* note tree not found */
-	if (!(msg = read_sha1_file(note_sha1, &type, &msglen)))
+	if (!(msg = read_object_file(note_oid, &type, &msglen)))
 		error("Empty notes tree. %s", notes_ref);
 	else if (!msglen || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
 		error("Note contains unusable content. "
 			"Is something else using this notes tree? %s", notes_ref);
-		free(msg);
-		msg = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(msg);
 	}
 	free_notes(NULL);
 	return msg;
@@ -98,8 +99,8 @@ static int parse_rev_note(const char *msg, struct rev_note *res)
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static int note2mark_cb(const unsigned char *object_sha1,
-		const unsigned char *note_sha1, char *note_path,
+static int note2mark_cb(const struct object_id *object_oid,
+		const struct object_id *note_oid, char *note_path,
 		void *cb_data)
 {
 	FILE *file = (FILE *)cb_data;
@@ -108,14 +109,14 @@ static int note2mark_cb(const unsigned char *object_sha1,
 	enum object_type type;
 	struct rev_note note;
 
-	if (!(msg = read_sha1_file(note_sha1, &type, &msglen)) ||
+	if (!(msg = read_object_file(note_oid, &type, &msglen)) ||
 			!msglen || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
 		free(msg);
 		return 1;
 	}
 	if (parse_rev_note(msg, &note))
 		return 2;
-	if (fprintf(file, ":%d %s\n", note.rev_nr, sha1_to_hex(object_sha1)) < 1)
+	if (fprintf(file, ":%d %s\n", note.rev_nr, oid_to_hex(object_oid)) < 1)
 		return 3;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -123,10 +124,8 @@ static int note2mark_cb(const unsigned char *object_sha1,
 static void regenerate_marks(void)
 {
 	int ret;
-	FILE *marksfile = fopen(marksfilename, "w+");
+	FILE *marksfile = xfopen(marksfilename, "w+");
 
-	if (!marksfile)
-		die_errno("Couldn't create mark file %s.", marksfilename);
 	ret = for_each_note(NULL, 0, note2mark_cb, marksfile);
 	if (ret)
 		die("Regeneration of marks failed, returned %d.", ret);
@@ -147,13 +146,11 @@ static void check_or_regenerate_marks(int latestrev)
 	marksfile = fopen(marksfilename, "r");
 	if (!marksfile) {
 		regenerate_marks();
-		marksfile = fopen(marksfilename, "r");
-		if (!marksfile)
-			die_errno("cannot read marks file %s!", marksfilename);
+		marksfile = xfopen(marksfilename, "r");
 		fclose(marksfile);
 	} else {
 		strbuf_addf(&sb, ":%d ", latestrev);
-		while (strbuf_getline(&line, marksfile, '\n') != EOF) {
+		while (strbuf_getline_lf(&line, marksfile) != EOF) {
 			if (starts_with(line.buf, sb.buf)) {
 				found++;
 				break;
@@ -173,15 +170,15 @@ static int cmd_import(const char *line)
 	int code;
 	int dumpin_fd;
 	char *note_msg;
-	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id head_oid;
 	unsigned int startrev;
 	struct child_process svndump_proc = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 	const char *command = "svnrdump";
 
-	if (read_ref(private_ref, head_sha1))
+	if (read_ref(private_ref, &head_oid))
 		startrev = 0;
 	else {
-		note_msg = read_ref_note(head_sha1);
+		note_msg = read_ref_note(&head_oid);
 		if(note_msg == NULL) {
 			warning("No note found for %s.", private_ref);
 			startrev = 0;
@@ -283,7 +280,7 @@ static int do_command(struct strbuf *line)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, url_sb = STRBUF_INIT,
 			private_ref_sb = STRBUF_INIT, marksfilename_sb = STRBUF_INIT,
@@ -291,7 +288,6 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	static struct remote *remote;
 	const char *url_in;
 
-	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 	setup_git_directory();
 	if (argc < 2 || argc > 3) {
 		usage("git-remote-svn <remote-name> [<url>]");
@@ -321,7 +317,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	marksfilename = marksfilename_sb.buf;
 
 	while (1) {
-		if (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, '\n') == EOF) {
+		if (strbuf_getline_lf(&buf, stdin) == EOF) {
 			if (ferror(stdin))
 				die("Error reading command stream");
 			else
diff --git a/remote.c b/remote.c
index 68901b0070..7f6277a145 100644
--- a/remote.c
+++ b/remote.c
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "refspec.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
@@ -8,20 +11,10 @@
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "mergesort.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
 
 enum map_direction { FROM_SRC, FROM_DST };
 
-static struct refspec s_tag_refspec = {
-	0,
-	1,
-	0,
-	0,
-	"refs/tags/*",
-	"refs/tags/*"
-};
-
-const struct refspec *tag_refspec = &s_tag_refspec;
-
 struct counted_string {
 	size_t len;
 	const char *s;
@@ -49,17 +42,11 @@ static int branches_alloc;
 static int branches_nr;
 
 static struct branch *current_branch;
-static const char *default_remote_name;
-static const char *branch_pushremote_name;
 static const char *pushremote_name;
-static int explicit_default_remote_name;
 
 static struct rewrites rewrites;
 static struct rewrites rewrites_push;
 
-#define BUF_SIZE (2048)
-static char buffer[BUF_SIZE];
-
 static int valid_remote(const struct remote *remote)
 {
 	return (!!remote->url) || (!!remote->foreign_vcs);
@@ -68,7 +55,6 @@ static int valid_remote(const struct remote *remote)
 static const char *alias_url(const char *url, struct rewrites *r)
 {
 	int i, j;
-	char *ret;
 	struct counted_string *longest;
 	int longest_i;
 
@@ -89,27 +75,7 @@ static const char *alias_url(const char *url, struct rewrites *r)
 	if (!longest)
 		return url;
 
-	ret = xmalloc(r->rewrite[longest_i]->baselen +
-		     (strlen(url) - longest->len) + 1);
-	strcpy(ret, r->rewrite[longest_i]->base);
-	strcpy(ret + r->rewrite[longest_i]->baselen, url + longest->len);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static void add_push_refspec(struct remote *remote, const char *ref)
-{
-	ALLOC_GROW(remote->push_refspec,
-		   remote->push_refspec_nr + 1,
-		   remote->push_refspec_alloc);
-	remote->push_refspec[remote->push_refspec_nr++] = ref;
-}
-
-static void add_fetch_refspec(struct remote *remote, const char *ref)
-{
-	ALLOC_GROW(remote->fetch_refspec,
-		   remote->fetch_refspec_nr + 1,
-		   remote->fetch_refspec_alloc);
-	remote->fetch_refspec[remote->fetch_refspec_nr++] = ref;
+	return xstrfmt("%s%s", r->rewrite[longest_i]->base, url + longest->len);
 }
 
 static void add_url(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
@@ -142,8 +108,15 @@ struct remotes_hash_key {
 	int len;
 };
 
-static int remotes_hash_cmp(const struct remote *a, const struct remote *b, const struct remotes_hash_key *key)
+static int remotes_hash_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+			    const void *entry,
+			    const void *entry_or_key,
+			    const void *keydata)
 {
+	const struct remote *a = entry;
+	const struct remote *b = entry_or_key;
+	const struct remotes_hash_key *key = keydata;
+
 	if (key)
 		return strncmp(a->name, key->str, key->len) || a->name[key->len];
 	else
@@ -153,7 +126,7 @@ static int remotes_hash_cmp(const struct remote *a, const struct remote *b, cons
 static inline void init_remotes_hash(void)
 {
 	if (!remotes_hash.cmpfn)
-		hashmap_init(&remotes_hash, (hashmap_cmp_fn)remotes_hash_cmp, 0);
+		hashmap_init(&remotes_hash, remotes_hash_cmp, NULL, 0);
 }
 
 static struct remote *make_remote(const char *name, int len)
@@ -175,9 +148,13 @@ static struct remote *make_remote(const char *name, int len)
 
 	ret = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct remote));
 	ret->prune = -1;  /* unspecified */
+	ret->prune_tags = -1;  /* unspecified */
+	ret->name = xstrndup(name, len);
+	refspec_init(&ret->push, REFSPEC_PUSH);
+	refspec_init(&ret->fetch, REFSPEC_FETCH);
+
 	ALLOC_GROW(remotes, remotes_nr + 1, remotes_alloc);
 	remotes[remotes_nr++] = ret;
-	ret->name = xstrndup(name, len);
 
 	hashmap_entry_init(ret, lookup_entry.hash);
 	replaced = hashmap_put(&remotes_hash, ret);
@@ -251,206 +228,177 @@ static void add_instead_of(struct rewrite *rewrite, const char *instead_of)
 	rewrite->instead_of_nr++;
 }
 
+static const char *skip_spaces(const char *s)
+{
+	while (isspace(*s))
+		s++;
+	return s;
+}
+
 static void read_remotes_file(struct remote *remote)
 {
-	FILE *f = fopen(git_path("remotes/%s", remote->name), "r");
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *f = fopen_or_warn(git_path("remotes/%s", remote->name), "r");
 
 	if (!f)
 		return;
+	remote->configured_in_repo = 1;
 	remote->origin = REMOTE_REMOTES;
-	while (fgets(buffer, BUF_SIZE, f)) {
-		int value_list;
-		char *s, *p;
-
-		if (starts_with(buffer, "URL:")) {
-			value_list = 0;
-			s = buffer + 4;
-		} else if (starts_with(buffer, "Push:")) {
-			value_list = 1;
-			s = buffer + 5;
-		} else if (starts_with(buffer, "Pull:")) {
-			value_list = 2;
-			s = buffer + 5;
-		} else
-			continue;
-
-		while (isspace(*s))
-			s++;
-		if (!*s)
-			continue;
+	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, f) != EOF) {
+		const char *v;
 
-		p = s + strlen(s);
-		while (isspace(p[-1]))
-			*--p = 0;
+		strbuf_rtrim(&buf);
 
-		switch (value_list) {
-		case 0:
-			add_url_alias(remote, xstrdup(s));
-			break;
-		case 1:
-			add_push_refspec(remote, xstrdup(s));
-			break;
-		case 2:
-			add_fetch_refspec(remote, xstrdup(s));
-			break;
-		}
+		if (skip_prefix(buf.buf, "URL:", &v))
+			add_url_alias(remote, xstrdup(skip_spaces(v)));
+		else if (skip_prefix(buf.buf, "Push:", &v))
+			refspec_append(&remote->push, skip_spaces(v));
+		else if (skip_prefix(buf.buf, "Pull:", &v))
+			refspec_append(&remote->fetch, skip_spaces(v));
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	fclose(f);
 }
 
 static void read_branches_file(struct remote *remote)
 {
 	char *frag;
-	struct strbuf branch = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int n = 1000;
-	FILE *f = fopen(git_path("branches/%.*s", n, remote->name), "r");
-	char *s, *p;
-	int len;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *f = fopen_or_warn(git_path("branches/%s", remote->name), "r");
 
 	if (!f)
 		return;
-	s = fgets(buffer, BUF_SIZE, f);
+
+	strbuf_getline_lf(&buf, f);
 	fclose(f);
-	if (!s)
-		return;
-	while (isspace(*s))
-		s++;
-	if (!*s)
+	strbuf_trim(&buf);
+	if (!buf.len) {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
 		return;
+	}
+
+	remote->configured_in_repo = 1;
 	remote->origin = REMOTE_BRANCHES;
-	p = s + strlen(s);
-	while (isspace(p[-1]))
-		*--p = 0;
-	len = p - s;
-	p = xmalloc(len + 1);
-	strcpy(p, s);
 
 	/*
 	 * The branches file would have URL and optionally
 	 * #branch specified.  The "master" (or specified) branch is
-	 * fetched and stored in the local branch of the same name.
+	 * fetched and stored in the local branch matching the
+	 * remote name.
 	 */
-	frag = strchr(p, '#');
-	if (frag) {
+	frag = strchr(buf.buf, '#');
+	if (frag)
 		*(frag++) = '\0';
-		strbuf_addf(&branch, "refs/heads/%s", frag);
-	} else
-		strbuf_addstr(&branch, "refs/heads/master");
+	else
+		frag = "master";
+
+	add_url_alias(remote, strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL));
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "refs/heads/%s:refs/heads/%s",
+		    frag, remote->name);
+	refspec_append(&remote->fetch, buf.buf);
 
-	strbuf_addf(&branch, ":refs/heads/%s", remote->name);
-	add_url_alias(remote, p);
-	add_fetch_refspec(remote, strbuf_detach(&branch, NULL));
 	/*
 	 * Cogito compatible push: push current HEAD to remote #branch
 	 * (master if missing)
 	 */
-	strbuf_init(&branch, 0);
-	strbuf_addstr(&branch, "HEAD");
-	if (frag)
-		strbuf_addf(&branch, ":refs/heads/%s", frag);
-	else
-		strbuf_addstr(&branch, ":refs/heads/master");
-	add_push_refspec(remote, strbuf_detach(&branch, NULL));
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "HEAD:refs/heads/%s", frag);
+	refspec_append(&remote->push, buf.buf);
 	remote->fetch_tags = 1; /* always auto-follow */
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
 static int handle_config(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	const char *name;
+	int namelen;
 	const char *subkey;
 	struct remote *remote;
 	struct branch *branch;
-	if (starts_with(key, "branch.")) {
-		name = key + 7;
-		subkey = strrchr(name, '.');
-		if (!subkey)
+	if (parse_config_key(key, "branch", &name, &namelen, &subkey) >= 0) {
+		if (!name)
 			return 0;
-		branch = make_branch(name, subkey - name);
-		if (!strcmp(subkey, ".remote")) {
-			if (git_config_string(&branch->remote_name, key, value))
-				return -1;
-			if (branch == current_branch) {
-				default_remote_name = branch->remote_name;
-				explicit_default_remote_name = 1;
-			}
-		} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".pushremote")) {
-			if (branch == current_branch)
-				if (git_config_string(&branch_pushremote_name, key, value))
-					return -1;
-		} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".merge")) {
+		branch = make_branch(name, namelen);
+		if (!strcmp(subkey, "remote")) {
+			return git_config_string(&branch->remote_name, key, value);
+		} else if (!strcmp(subkey, "pushremote")) {
+			return git_config_string(&branch->pushremote_name, key, value);
+		} else if (!strcmp(subkey, "merge")) {
 			if (!value)
 				return config_error_nonbool(key);
 			add_merge(branch, xstrdup(value));
 		}
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if (starts_with(key, "url.")) {
+	if (parse_config_key(key, "url", &name, &namelen, &subkey) >= 0) {
 		struct rewrite *rewrite;
-		name = key + 4;
-		subkey = strrchr(name, '.');
-		if (!subkey)
+		if (!name)
 			return 0;
-		if (!strcmp(subkey, ".insteadof")) {
-			rewrite = make_rewrite(&rewrites, name, subkey - name);
+		if (!strcmp(subkey, "insteadof")) {
+			rewrite = make_rewrite(&rewrites, name, namelen);
 			if (!value)
 				return config_error_nonbool(key);
 			add_instead_of(rewrite, xstrdup(value));
-		} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".pushinsteadof")) {
-			rewrite = make_rewrite(&rewrites_push, name, subkey - name);
+		} else if (!strcmp(subkey, "pushinsteadof")) {
+			rewrite = make_rewrite(&rewrites_push, name, namelen);
 			if (!value)
 				return config_error_nonbool(key);
 			add_instead_of(rewrite, xstrdup(value));
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (!starts_with(key,  "remote."))
+	if (parse_config_key(key, "remote", &name, &namelen, &subkey) < 0)
 		return 0;
-	name = key + 7;
 
 	/* Handle remote.* variables */
-	if (!strcmp(name, "pushdefault"))
+	if (!name && !strcmp(subkey, "pushdefault"))
 		return git_config_string(&pushremote_name, key, value);
 
+	if (!name)
+		return 0;
 	/* Handle remote.<name>.* variables */
 	if (*name == '/') {
 		warning("Config remote shorthand cannot begin with '/': %s",
 			name);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	subkey = strrchr(name, '.');
-	if (!subkey)
-		return 0;
-	remote = make_remote(name, subkey - name);
+	remote = make_remote(name, namelen);
 	remote->origin = REMOTE_CONFIG;
-	if (!strcmp(subkey, ".mirror"))
+	if (current_config_scope() == CONFIG_SCOPE_REPO)
+		remote->configured_in_repo = 1;
+	if (!strcmp(subkey, "mirror"))
 		remote->mirror = git_config_bool(key, value);
-	else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".skipdefaultupdate"))
+	else if (!strcmp(subkey, "skipdefaultupdate"))
 		remote->skip_default_update = git_config_bool(key, value);
-	else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".skipfetchall"))
+	else if (!strcmp(subkey, "skipfetchall"))
 		remote->skip_default_update = git_config_bool(key, value);
-	else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".prune"))
+	else if (!strcmp(subkey, "prune"))
 		remote->prune = git_config_bool(key, value);
-	else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".url")) {
+	else if (!strcmp(subkey, "prunetags"))
+		remote->prune_tags = git_config_bool(key, value);
+	else if (!strcmp(subkey, "url")) {
 		const char *v;
 		if (git_config_string(&v, key, value))
 			return -1;
 		add_url(remote, v);
-	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".pushurl")) {
+	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, "pushurl")) {
 		const char *v;
 		if (git_config_string(&v, key, value))
 			return -1;
 		add_pushurl(remote, v);
-	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".push")) {
+	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, "push")) {
 		const char *v;
 		if (git_config_string(&v, key, value))
 			return -1;
-		add_push_refspec(remote, v);
-	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".fetch")) {
+		refspec_append(&remote->push, v);
+		free((char *)v);
+	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, "fetch")) {
 		const char *v;
 		if (git_config_string(&v, key, value))
 			return -1;
-		add_fetch_refspec(remote, v);
-	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".receivepack")) {
+		refspec_append(&remote->fetch, v);
+		free((char *)v);
+	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, "receivepack")) {
 		const char *v;
 		if (git_config_string(&v, key, value))
 			return -1;
@@ -458,7 +406,7 @@ static int handle_config(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 			remote->receivepack = v;
 		else
 			error("more than one receivepack given, using the first");
-	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".uploadpack")) {
+	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, "uploadpack")) {
 		const char *v;
 		if (git_config_string(&v, key, value))
 			return -1;
@@ -466,15 +414,18 @@ static int handle_config(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 			remote->uploadpack = v;
 		else
 			error("more than one uploadpack given, using the first");
-	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".tagopt")) {
+	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, "tagopt")) {
 		if (!strcmp(value, "--no-tags"))
 			remote->fetch_tags = -1;
 		else if (!strcmp(value, "--tags"))
 			remote->fetch_tags = 2;
-	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".proxy")) {
+	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, "proxy")) {
 		return git_config_string((const char **)&remote->http_proxy,
 					 key, value);
-	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".vcs")) {
+	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, "proxyauthmethod")) {
+		return git_config_string((const char **)&remote->http_proxy_authmethod,
+					 key, value);
+	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, "vcs")) {
 		return git_config_string(&remote->foreign_vcs, key, value);
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -501,220 +452,108 @@ static void alias_all_urls(void)
 
 static void read_config(void)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	const char *head_ref;
+	static int loaded;
 	int flag;
-	if (default_remote_name) /* did this already */
+
+	if (loaded)
 		return;
-	default_remote_name = "origin";
+	loaded = 1;
+
 	current_branch = NULL;
-	head_ref = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", 0, sha1, &flag);
-	if (head_ref && (flag & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
-	    skip_prefix(head_ref, "refs/heads/", &head_ref)) {
-		current_branch = make_branch(head_ref, 0);
+	if (startup_info->have_repository) {
+		const char *head_ref = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", 0, NULL, &flag);
+		if (head_ref && (flag & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
+		    skip_prefix(head_ref, "refs/heads/", &head_ref)) {
+			current_branch = make_branch(head_ref, 0);
+		}
 	}
 	git_config(handle_config, NULL);
-	if (branch_pushremote_name) {
-		free((char *)pushremote_name);
-		pushremote_name = branch_pushremote_name;
-	}
 	alias_all_urls();
 }
 
-/*
- * This function frees a refspec array.
- * Warning: code paths should be checked to ensure that the src
- *          and dst pointers are always freeable pointers as well
- *          as the refspec pointer itself.
- */
-static void free_refspecs(struct refspec *refspec, int nr_refspec)
+static int valid_remote_nick(const char *name)
 {
-	int i;
-
-	if (!refspec)
-		return;
+	if (!name[0] || is_dot_or_dotdot(name))
+		return 0;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_refspec; i++) {
-		free(refspec[i].src);
-		free(refspec[i].dst);
-	}
-	free(refspec);
+	/* remote nicknames cannot contain slashes */
+	while (*name)
+		if (is_dir_sep(*name++))
+			return 0;
+	return 1;
 }
 
-static struct refspec *parse_refspec_internal(int nr_refspec, const char **refspec, int fetch, int verify)
+const char *remote_for_branch(struct branch *branch, int *explicit)
 {
-	int i;
-	struct refspec *rs = xcalloc(nr_refspec, sizeof(*rs));
-
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_refspec; i++) {
-		size_t llen;
-		int is_glob;
-		const char *lhs, *rhs;
-		int flags;
-
-		is_glob = 0;
-
-		lhs = refspec[i];
-		if (*lhs == '+') {
-			rs[i].force = 1;
-			lhs++;
-		}
-
-		rhs = strrchr(lhs, ':');
-
-		/*
-		 * Before going on, special case ":" (or "+:") as a refspec
-		 * for pushing matching refs.
-		 */
-		if (!fetch && rhs == lhs && rhs[1] == '\0') {
-			rs[i].matching = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (rhs) {
-			size_t rlen = strlen(++rhs);
-			is_glob = (1 <= rlen && strchr(rhs, '*'));
-			rs[i].dst = xstrndup(rhs, rlen);
-		}
-
-		llen = (rhs ? (rhs - lhs - 1) : strlen(lhs));
-		if (1 <= llen && memchr(lhs, '*', llen)) {
-			if ((rhs && !is_glob) || (!rhs && fetch))
-				goto invalid;
-			is_glob = 1;
-		} else if (rhs && is_glob) {
-			goto invalid;
-		}
-
-		rs[i].pattern = is_glob;
-		rs[i].src = xstrndup(lhs, llen);
-		flags = REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL | (is_glob ? REFNAME_REFSPEC_PATTERN : 0);
-
-		if (fetch) {
-			unsigned char unused[40];
-
-			/* LHS */
-			if (!*rs[i].src)
-				; /* empty is ok; it means "HEAD" */
-			else if (llen == 40 && !get_sha1_hex(rs[i].src, unused))
-				rs[i].exact_sha1 = 1; /* ok */
-			else if (!check_refname_format(rs[i].src, flags))
-				; /* valid looking ref is ok */
-			else
-				goto invalid;
-			/* RHS */
-			if (!rs[i].dst)
-				; /* missing is ok; it is the same as empty */
-			else if (!*rs[i].dst)
-				; /* empty is ok; it means "do not store" */
-			else if (!check_refname_format(rs[i].dst, flags))
-				; /* valid looking ref is ok */
-			else
-				goto invalid;
-		} else {
-			/*
-			 * LHS
-			 * - empty is allowed; it means delete.
-			 * - when wildcarded, it must be a valid looking ref.
-			 * - otherwise, it must be an extended SHA-1, but
-			 *   there is no existing way to validate this.
-			 */
-			if (!*rs[i].src)
-				; /* empty is ok */
-			else if (is_glob) {
-				if (check_refname_format(rs[i].src, flags))
-					goto invalid;
-			}
-			else
-				; /* anything goes, for now */
-			/*
-			 * RHS
-			 * - missing is allowed, but LHS then must be a
-			 *   valid looking ref.
-			 * - empty is not allowed.
-			 * - otherwise it must be a valid looking ref.
-			 */
-			if (!rs[i].dst) {
-				if (check_refname_format(rs[i].src, flags))
-					goto invalid;
-			} else if (!*rs[i].dst) {
-				goto invalid;
-			} else {
-				if (check_refname_format(rs[i].dst, flags))
-					goto invalid;
-			}
-		}
+	if (branch && branch->remote_name) {
+		if (explicit)
+			*explicit = 1;
+		return branch->remote_name;
 	}
-	return rs;
-
- invalid:
-	if (verify) {
-		/*
-		 * nr_refspec must be greater than zero and i must be valid
-		 * since it is only possible to reach this point from within
-		 * the for loop above.
-		 */
-		free_refspecs(rs, i+1);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	die("Invalid refspec '%s'", refspec[i]);
+	if (explicit)
+		*explicit = 0;
+	return "origin";
 }
 
-int valid_fetch_refspec(const char *fetch_refspec_str)
+const char *pushremote_for_branch(struct branch *branch, int *explicit)
 {
-	struct refspec *refspec;
-
-	refspec = parse_refspec_internal(1, &fetch_refspec_str, 1, 1);
-	free_refspecs(refspec, 1);
-	return !!refspec;
-}
-
-struct refspec *parse_fetch_refspec(int nr_refspec, const char **refspec)
-{
-	return parse_refspec_internal(nr_refspec, refspec, 1, 0);
-}
-
-static struct refspec *parse_push_refspec(int nr_refspec, const char **refspec)
-{
-	return parse_refspec_internal(nr_refspec, refspec, 0, 0);
-}
-
-void free_refspec(int nr_refspec, struct refspec *refspec)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_refspec; i++) {
-		free(refspec[i].src);
-		free(refspec[i].dst);
+	if (branch && branch->pushremote_name) {
+		if (explicit)
+			*explicit = 1;
+		return branch->pushremote_name;
+	}
+	if (pushremote_name) {
+		if (explicit)
+			*explicit = 1;
+		return pushremote_name;
 	}
-	free(refspec);
+	return remote_for_branch(branch, explicit);
 }
 
-static int valid_remote_nick(const char *name)
+const char *remote_ref_for_branch(struct branch *branch, int for_push,
+				  int *explicit)
 {
-	if (!name[0] || is_dot_or_dotdot(name))
-		return 0;
-	return !strchr(name, '/'); /* no slash */
+	if (branch) {
+		if (!for_push) {
+			if (branch->merge_nr) {
+				if (explicit)
+					*explicit = 1;
+				return branch->merge_name[0];
+			}
+		} else {
+			const char *dst, *remote_name =
+				pushremote_for_branch(branch, NULL);
+			struct remote *remote = remote_get(remote_name);
+
+			if (remote && remote->push.nr &&
+			    (dst = apply_refspecs(&remote->push,
+						  branch->refname))) {
+				if (explicit)
+					*explicit = 1;
+				return dst;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if (explicit)
+		*explicit = 0;
+	return "";
 }
 
-static struct remote *remote_get_1(const char *name, const char *pushremote_name)
+static struct remote *remote_get_1(const char *name,
+				   const char *(*get_default)(struct branch *, int *))
 {
 	struct remote *ret;
 	int name_given = 0;
 
+	read_config();
+
 	if (name)
 		name_given = 1;
-	else {
-		if (pushremote_name) {
-			name = pushremote_name;
-			name_given = 1;
-		} else {
-			name = default_remote_name;
-			name_given = explicit_default_remote_name;
-		}
-	}
+	else
+		name = get_default(current_branch, &name_given);
 
 	ret = make_remote(name, 0);
-	if (valid_remote_nick(name)) {
+	if (valid_remote_nick(name) && have_git_dir()) {
 		if (!valid_remote(ret))
 			read_remotes_file(ret);
 		if (!valid_remote(ret))
@@ -724,35 +563,26 @@ static struct remote *remote_get_1(const char *name, const char *pushremote_name
 		add_url_alias(ret, name);
 	if (!valid_remote(ret))
 		return NULL;
-	ret->fetch = parse_fetch_refspec(ret->fetch_refspec_nr, ret->fetch_refspec);
-	ret->push = parse_push_refspec(ret->push_refspec_nr, ret->push_refspec);
 	return ret;
 }
 
 struct remote *remote_get(const char *name)
 {
-	read_config();
-	return remote_get_1(name, NULL);
+	return remote_get_1(name, remote_for_branch);
 }
 
 struct remote *pushremote_get(const char *name)
 {
-	read_config();
-	return remote_get_1(name, pushremote_name);
+	return remote_get_1(name, pushremote_for_branch);
 }
 
-int remote_is_configured(const char *name)
+int remote_is_configured(struct remote *remote, int in_repo)
 {
-	struct remotes_hash_key lookup;
-	struct hashmap_entry lookup_entry;
-	read_config();
-
-	init_remotes_hash();
-	lookup.str = name;
-	lookup.len = strlen(name);
-	hashmap_entry_init(&lookup_entry, memhash(name, lookup.len));
-
-	return hashmap_get(&remotes_hash, &lookup_entry, &lookup) != NULL;
+	if (!remote)
+		return 0;
+	if (in_repo)
+		return remote->configured_in_repo;
+	return !!remote->origin;
 }
 
 int for_each_remote(each_remote_fn fn, void *priv)
@@ -763,12 +593,6 @@ int for_each_remote(each_remote_fn fn, void *priv)
 		struct remote *r = remotes[i];
 		if (!r)
 			continue;
-		if (!r->fetch)
-			r->fetch = parse_fetch_refspec(r->fetch_refspec_nr,
-						       r->fetch_refspec);
-		if (!r->push)
-			r->push = parse_push_refspec(r->push_refspec_nr,
-						     r->push_refspec);
 		result = fn(r, priv);
 	}
 	return result;
@@ -874,7 +698,9 @@ static int match_name_with_pattern(const char *key, const char *name,
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static void query_refspecs_multiple(struct refspec *refs, int ref_count, struct refspec *query, struct string_list *results)
+static void query_refspecs_multiple(struct refspec *rs,
+				    struct refspec_item *query,
+				    struct string_list *results)
 {
 	int i;
 	int find_src = !query->src;
@@ -882,8 +708,8 @@ static void query_refspecs_multiple(struct refspec *refs, int ref_count, struct
 	if (find_src && !query->dst)
 		error("query_refspecs_multiple: need either src or dst");
 
-	for (i = 0; i < ref_count; i++) {
-		struct refspec *refspec = &refs[i];
+	for (i = 0; i < rs->nr; i++) {
+		struct refspec_item *refspec = &rs->items[i];
 		const char *key = find_src ? refspec->dst : refspec->src;
 		const char *value = find_src ? refspec->src : refspec->dst;
 		const char *needle = find_src ? query->dst : query->src;
@@ -900,7 +726,7 @@ static void query_refspecs_multiple(struct refspec *refs, int ref_count, struct
 	}
 }
 
-int query_refspecs(struct refspec *refs, int ref_count, struct refspec *query)
+int query_refspecs(struct refspec *rs, struct refspec_item *query)
 {
 	int i;
 	int find_src = !query->src;
@@ -910,8 +736,8 @@ int query_refspecs(struct refspec *refs, int ref_count, struct refspec *query)
 	if (find_src && !query->dst)
 		return error("query_refspecs: need either src or dst");
 
-	for (i = 0; i < ref_count; i++) {
-		struct refspec *refspec = &refs[i];
+	for (i = 0; i < rs->nr; i++) {
+		struct refspec_item *refspec = &rs->items[i];
 		const char *key = find_src ? refspec->dst : refspec->src;
 		const char *value = find_src ? refspec->src : refspec->dst;
 
@@ -931,30 +757,29 @@ int query_refspecs(struct refspec *refs, int ref_count, struct refspec *query)
 	return -1;
 }
 
-char *apply_refspecs(struct refspec *refspecs, int nr_refspec,
-		     const char *name)
+char *apply_refspecs(struct refspec *rs, const char *name)
 {
-	struct refspec query;
+	struct refspec_item query;
 
-	memset(&query, 0, sizeof(struct refspec));
+	memset(&query, 0, sizeof(struct refspec_item));
 	query.src = (char *)name;
 
-	if (query_refspecs(refspecs, nr_refspec, &query))
+	if (query_refspecs(rs, &query))
 		return NULL;
 
 	return query.dst;
 }
 
-int remote_find_tracking(struct remote *remote, struct refspec *refspec)
+int remote_find_tracking(struct remote *remote, struct refspec_item *refspec)
 {
-	return query_refspecs(remote->fetch, remote->fetch_refspec_nr, refspec);
+	return query_refspecs(&remote->fetch, refspec);
 }
 
 static struct ref *alloc_ref_with_prefix(const char *prefix, size_t prefixlen,
 		const char *name)
 {
 	size_t len = strlen(name);
-	struct ref *ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref) + prefixlen + len + 1);
+	struct ref *ref = xcalloc(1, st_add4(sizeof(*ref), prefixlen, len, 1));
 	memcpy(ref->name, prefix, prefixlen);
 	memcpy(ref->name + prefixlen, name, len);
 	return ref;
@@ -971,9 +796,9 @@ struct ref *copy_ref(const struct ref *ref)
 	size_t len;
 	if (!ref)
 		return NULL;
-	len = strlen(ref->name);
-	cpy = xmalloc(sizeof(struct ref) + len + 1);
-	memcpy(cpy, ref, sizeof(struct ref) + len + 1);
+	len = st_add3(sizeof(struct ref), strlen(ref->name), 1);
+	cpy = xmalloc(len);
+	memcpy(cpy, ref, len);
 	cpy->next = NULL;
 	cpy->symref = xstrdup_or_null(ref->symref);
 	cpy->remote_status = xstrdup_or_null(ref->remote_status);
@@ -1101,14 +926,14 @@ static void tail_link_ref(struct ref *ref, struct ref ***tail)
 static struct ref *alloc_delete_ref(void)
 {
 	struct ref *ref = alloc_ref("(delete)");
-	hashclr(ref->new_sha1);
+	oidclr(&ref->new_oid);
 	return ref;
 }
 
 static int try_explicit_object_name(const char *name,
 				    struct ref **match)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 
 	if (!*name) {
 		if (match)
@@ -1116,12 +941,12 @@ static int try_explicit_object_name(const char *name,
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (get_sha1(name, sha1))
+	if (get_oid(name, &oid))
 		return -1;
 
 	if (match) {
 		*match = alloc_ref(name);
-		hashcpy((*match)->new_sha1, sha1);
+		oidcpy(&(*match)->new_oid, &oid);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1136,10 +961,9 @@ static struct ref *make_linked_ref(const char *name, struct ref ***tail)
 static char *guess_ref(const char *name, struct ref *peer)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
 	const char *r = resolve_ref_unsafe(peer->name, RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-					   sha1, NULL);
+					   NULL, NULL);
 	if (!r)
 		return NULL;
 
@@ -1155,7 +979,7 @@ static char *guess_ref(const char *name, struct ref *peer)
 }
 
 static int match_explicit_lhs(struct ref *src,
-			      struct refspec *rs,
+			      struct refspec_item *rs,
 			      struct ref **match,
 			      int *allocated_match)
 {
@@ -1181,7 +1005,7 @@ static int match_explicit_lhs(struct ref *src,
 
 static int match_explicit(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst,
 			  struct ref ***dst_tail,
-			  struct refspec *rs)
+			  struct refspec_item *rs)
 {
 	struct ref *matched_src, *matched_dst;
 	int allocated_src;
@@ -1197,12 +1021,11 @@ static int match_explicit(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst,
 		return -1;
 
 	if (!dst_value) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		int flag;
 
 		dst_value = resolve_ref_unsafe(matched_src->name,
 					       RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-					       sha1, &flag);
+					       NULL, &flag);
 		if (!dst_value ||
 		    ((flag & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
 		     !starts_with(dst_value, "refs/heads/")))
@@ -1216,12 +1039,13 @@ static int match_explicit(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst,
 	case 0:
 		if (starts_with(dst_value, "refs/"))
 			matched_dst = make_linked_ref(dst_value, dst_tail);
-		else if (is_null_sha1(matched_src->new_sha1))
+		else if (is_null_oid(&matched_src->new_oid))
 			error("unable to delete '%s': remote ref does not exist",
 			      dst_value);
-		else if ((dst_guess = guess_ref(dst_value, matched_src)))
+		else if ((dst_guess = guess_ref(dst_value, matched_src))) {
 			matched_dst = make_linked_ref(dst_guess, dst_tail);
-		else
+			free(dst_guess);
+		} else
 			error("unable to push to unqualified destination: %s\n"
 			      "The destination refspec neither matches an "
 			      "existing ref on the remote nor\n"
@@ -1250,36 +1074,37 @@ static int match_explicit(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst,
 }
 
 static int match_explicit_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst,
-			       struct ref ***dst_tail, struct refspec *rs,
-			       int rs_nr)
+			       struct ref ***dst_tail, struct refspec *rs)
 {
 	int i, errs;
-	for (i = errs = 0; i < rs_nr; i++)
-		errs += match_explicit(src, dst, dst_tail, &rs[i]);
+	for (i = errs = 0; i < rs->nr; i++)
+		errs += match_explicit(src, dst, dst_tail, &rs->items[i]);
 	return errs;
 }
 
-static char *get_ref_match(const struct refspec *rs, int rs_nr, const struct ref *ref,
-		int send_mirror, int direction, const struct refspec **ret_pat)
+static char *get_ref_match(const struct refspec *rs, const struct ref *ref,
+			   int send_mirror, int direction,
+			   const struct refspec_item **ret_pat)
 {
-	const struct refspec *pat;
+	const struct refspec_item *pat;
 	char *name;
 	int i;
 	int matching_refs = -1;
-	for (i = 0; i < rs_nr; i++) {
-		if (rs[i].matching &&
-		    (matching_refs == -1 || rs[i].force)) {
+	for (i = 0; i < rs->nr; i++) {
+		const struct refspec_item *item = &rs->items[i];
+		if (item->matching &&
+		    (matching_refs == -1 || item->force)) {
 			matching_refs = i;
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (rs[i].pattern) {
-			const char *dst_side = rs[i].dst ? rs[i].dst : rs[i].src;
+		if (item->pattern) {
+			const char *dst_side = item->dst ? item->dst : item->src;
 			int match;
 			if (direction == FROM_SRC)
-				match = match_name_with_pattern(rs[i].src, ref->name, dst_side, &name);
+				match = match_name_with_pattern(item->src, ref->name, dst_side, &name);
 			else
-				match = match_name_with_pattern(dst_side, ref->name, rs[i].src, &name);
+				match = match_name_with_pattern(dst_side, ref->name, item->src, &name);
 			if (match) {
 				matching_refs = i;
 				break;
@@ -1289,7 +1114,7 @@ static char *get_ref_match(const struct refspec *rs, int rs_nr, const struct ref
 	if (matching_refs == -1)
 		return NULL;
 
-	pat = rs + matching_refs;
+	pat = &rs->items[matching_refs];
 	if (pat->matching) {
 		/*
 		 * "matching refs"; traditionally we pushed everything
@@ -1318,13 +1143,13 @@ struct tips {
 	int nr, alloc;
 };
 
-static void add_to_tips(struct tips *tips, const unsigned char *sha1)
+static void add_to_tips(struct tips *tips, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct commit *commit;
 
-	if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
+	if (is_null_oid(oid))
 		return;
-	commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, oid, 1);
 	if (!commit || (commit->object.flags & TMP_MARK))
 		return;
 	commit->object.flags |= TMP_MARK;
@@ -1347,10 +1172,10 @@ static void add_missing_tags(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst, struct ref ***ds
 	memset(&sent_tips, 0, sizeof(sent_tips));
 	for (ref = *dst; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		if (ref->peer_ref &&
-		    !is_null_sha1(ref->peer_ref->new_sha1))
-			add_to_tips(&sent_tips, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1);
+		    !is_null_oid(&ref->peer_ref->new_oid))
+			add_to_tips(&sent_tips, &ref->peer_ref->new_oid);
 		else
-			add_to_tips(&sent_tips, ref->old_sha1);
+			add_to_tips(&sent_tips, &ref->old_oid);
 		if (starts_with(ref->name, "refs/tags/"))
 			string_list_append(&dst_tag, ref->name);
 	}
@@ -1364,7 +1189,7 @@ static void add_missing_tags(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst, struct ref ***ds
 			continue; /* not a tag */
 		if (string_list_has_string(&dst_tag, ref->name))
 			continue; /* they already have it */
-		if (sha1_object_info(ref->new_sha1, NULL) != OBJ_TAG)
+		if (oid_object_info(the_repository, &ref->new_oid, NULL) != OBJ_TAG)
 			continue; /* be conservative */
 		item = string_list_append(&src_tag, ref->name);
 		item->util = ref;
@@ -1384,9 +1209,11 @@ static void add_missing_tags(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst, struct ref ***ds
 			struct ref *dst_ref;
 			struct commit *commit;
 
-			if (is_null_sha1(ref->new_sha1))
+			if (is_null_oid(&ref->new_oid))
 				continue;
-			commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(ref->new_sha1, 1);
+			commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository,
+								&ref->new_oid,
+								1);
 			if (!commit)
 				/* not pushing a commit, which is not an error */
 				continue;
@@ -1400,7 +1227,7 @@ static void add_missing_tags(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst, struct ref ***ds
 
 			/* Add it in */
 			dst_ref = make_linked_ref(ref->name, dst_tail);
-			hashcpy(dst_ref->new_sha1, ref->new_sha1);
+			oidcpy(&dst_ref->new_oid, &ref->new_oid);
 			dst_ref->peer_ref = copy_ref(ref);
 		}
 	}
@@ -1430,22 +1257,20 @@ static void prepare_ref_index(struct string_list *ref_index, struct ref *ref)
  * but we can catch some errors early before even talking to the
  * remote side.
  */
-int check_push_refs(struct ref *src, int nr_refspec, const char **refspec_names)
+int check_push_refs(struct ref *src, struct refspec *rs)
 {
-	struct refspec *refspec = parse_push_refspec(nr_refspec, refspec_names);
 	int ret = 0;
 	int i;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_refspec; i++) {
-		struct refspec *rs = refspec + i;
+	for (i = 0; i < rs->nr; i++) {
+		struct refspec_item *item = &rs->items[i];
 
-		if (rs->pattern || rs->matching)
+		if (item->pattern || item->matching)
 			continue;
 
-		ret |= match_explicit_lhs(src, rs, NULL, NULL);
+		ret |= match_explicit_lhs(src, item, NULL, NULL);
 	}
 
-	free_refspec(nr_refspec, refspec);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1458,32 +1283,29 @@ int check_push_refs(struct ref *src, int nr_refspec, const char **refspec_names)
  * dst (e.g. pushing to a new branch, done in match_explicit_refs).
  */
 int match_push_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst,
-		    int nr_refspec, const char **refspec, int flags)
+		    struct refspec *rs, int flags)
 {
-	struct refspec *rs;
 	int send_all = flags & MATCH_REFS_ALL;
 	int send_mirror = flags & MATCH_REFS_MIRROR;
 	int send_prune = flags & MATCH_REFS_PRUNE;
 	int errs;
-	static const char *default_refspec[] = { ":", NULL };
 	struct ref *ref, **dst_tail = tail_ref(dst);
 	struct string_list dst_ref_index = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 
-	if (!nr_refspec) {
-		nr_refspec = 1;
-		refspec = default_refspec;
-	}
-	rs = parse_push_refspec(nr_refspec, (const char **) refspec);
-	errs = match_explicit_refs(src, *dst, &dst_tail, rs, nr_refspec);
+	/* If no refspec is provided, use the default ":" */
+	if (!rs->nr)
+		refspec_append(rs, ":");
+
+	errs = match_explicit_refs(src, *dst, &dst_tail, rs);
 
 	/* pick the remainder */
 	for (ref = src; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		struct string_list_item *dst_item;
 		struct ref *dst_peer;
-		const struct refspec *pat = NULL;
+		const struct refspec_item *pat = NULL;
 		char *dst_name;
 
-		dst_name = get_ref_match(rs, nr_refspec, ref, send_mirror, FROM_SRC, &pat);
+		dst_name = get_ref_match(rs, ref, send_mirror, FROM_SRC, &pat);
 		if (!dst_name)
 			continue;
 
@@ -1507,7 +1329,7 @@ int match_push_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst,
 
 			/* Create a new one and link it */
 			dst_peer = make_linked_ref(dst_name, &dst_tail);
-			hashcpy(dst_peer->new_sha1, ref->new_sha1);
+			oidcpy(&dst_peer->new_oid, &ref->new_oid);
 			string_list_insert(&dst_ref_index,
 				dst_peer->name)->util = dst_peer;
 		}
@@ -1532,7 +1354,7 @@ int match_push_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst,
 				/* We're already sending something to this ref. */
 				continue;
 
-			src_name = get_ref_match(rs, nr_refspec, ref, send_mirror, FROM_DST, NULL);
+			src_name = get_ref_match(rs, ref, send_mirror, FROM_DST, NULL);
 			if (src_name) {
 				if (!src_ref_index.nr)
 					prepare_ref_index(&src_ref_index, src);
@@ -1544,6 +1366,7 @@ int match_push_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst,
 		}
 		string_list_clear(&src_ref_index, 0);
 	}
+
 	if (errs)
 		return -1;
 	return 0;
@@ -1559,23 +1382,20 @@ void set_ref_status_for_push(struct ref *remote_refs, int send_mirror,
 		int reject_reason = 0;
 
 		if (ref->peer_ref)
-			hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1);
+			oidcpy(&ref->new_oid, &ref->peer_ref->new_oid);
 		else if (!send_mirror)
 			continue;
 
-		ref->deletion = is_null_sha1(ref->new_sha1);
+		ref->deletion = is_null_oid(&ref->new_oid);
 		if (!ref->deletion &&
-			!hashcmp(ref->old_sha1, ref->new_sha1)) {
+			!oidcmp(&ref->old_oid, &ref->new_oid)) {
 			ref->status = REF_STATUS_UPTODATE;
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		/*
-		 * Bypass the usual "must fast-forward" check but
-		 * replace it with a weaker "the old value must be
-		 * this value we observed".  If the remote ref has
-		 * moved and is now different from what we expect,
-		 * reject any push.
+		 * If the remote ref has moved and is now different
+		 * from what we expect, reject any push.
 		 *
 		 * It also is an error if the user told us to check
 		 * with the remote-tracking branch to find the value
@@ -1583,13 +1403,16 @@ void set_ref_status_for_push(struct ref *remote_refs, int send_mirror,
 		 * branch.
 		 */
 		if (ref->expect_old_sha1) {
-			if (ref->expect_old_no_trackback ||
-			    hashcmp(ref->old_sha1, ref->old_sha1_expect))
+			if (oidcmp(&ref->old_oid, &ref->old_oid_expect))
 				reject_reason = REF_STATUS_REJECT_STALE;
+			else
+				/* If the ref isn't stale then force the update. */
+				force_ref_update = 1;
 		}
 
 		/*
-		 * The usual "must fast-forward" rules.
+		 * If the update isn't already rejected then check
+		 * the usual "must fast-forward" rules.
 		 *
 		 * Decide whether an individual refspec A:B can be
 		 * pushed.  The push will succeed if any of the
@@ -1608,15 +1431,15 @@ void set_ref_status_for_push(struct ref *remote_refs, int send_mirror,
 		 *     passing the --force argument
 		 */
 
-		else if (!ref->deletion && !is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1)) {
+		if (!reject_reason && !ref->deletion && !is_null_oid(&ref->old_oid)) {
 			if (starts_with(ref->name, "refs/tags/"))
 				reject_reason = REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS;
-			else if (!has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1))
+			else if (!has_object_file(&ref->old_oid))
 				reject_reason = REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST;
-			else if (!lookup_commit_reference_gently(ref->old_sha1, 1) ||
-				 !lookup_commit_reference_gently(ref->new_sha1, 1))
+			else if (!lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, &ref->old_oid, 1) ||
+				 !lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, &ref->new_oid, 1))
 				reject_reason = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE;
-			else if (!ref_newer(ref->new_sha1, ref->old_sha1))
+			else if (!ref_newer(&ref->new_oid, &ref->old_oid))
 				reject_reason = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD;
 		}
 
@@ -1633,19 +1456,35 @@ void set_ref_status_for_push(struct ref *remote_refs, int send_mirror,
 
 static void set_merge(struct branch *ret)
 {
+	struct remote *remote;
 	char *ref;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	int i;
 
+	if (!ret)
+		return; /* no branch */
+	if (ret->merge)
+		return; /* already run */
+	if (!ret->remote_name || !ret->merge_nr) {
+		/*
+		 * no merge config; let's make sure we don't confuse callers
+		 * with a non-zero merge_nr but a NULL merge
+		 */
+		ret->merge_nr = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	remote = remote_get(ret->remote_name);
+
 	ret->merge = xcalloc(ret->merge_nr, sizeof(*ret->merge));
 	for (i = 0; i < ret->merge_nr; i++) {
 		ret->merge[i] = xcalloc(1, sizeof(**ret->merge));
 		ret->merge[i]->src = xstrdup(ret->merge_name[i]);
-		if (!remote_find_tracking(ret->remote, ret->merge[i]) ||
+		if (!remote_find_tracking(remote, ret->merge[i]) ||
 		    strcmp(ret->remote_name, "."))
 			continue;
 		if (dwim_ref(ret->merge_name[i], strlen(ret->merge_name[i]),
-			     sha1, &ref) == 1)
+			     &oid, &ref) == 1)
 			ret->merge[i]->dst = ref;
 		else
 			ret->merge[i]->dst = xstrdup(ret->merge_name[i]);
@@ -1661,11 +1500,7 @@ struct branch *branch_get(const char *name)
 		ret = current_branch;
 	else
 		ret = make_branch(name, 0);
-	if (ret && ret->remote_name) {
-		ret->remote = remote_get(ret->remote_name);
-		if (ret->merge_nr)
-			set_merge(ret);
-	}
+	set_merge(ret);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1683,12 +1518,134 @@ int branch_merge_matches(struct branch *branch,
 	return refname_match(branch->merge[i]->src, refname);
 }
 
+__attribute__((format (printf,2,3)))
+static const char *error_buf(struct strbuf *err, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	if (err) {
+		va_list ap;
+		va_start(ap, fmt);
+		strbuf_vaddf(err, fmt, ap);
+		va_end(ap);
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+const char *branch_get_upstream(struct branch *branch, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	if (!branch)
+		return error_buf(err, _("HEAD does not point to a branch"));
+
+	if (!branch->merge || !branch->merge[0]) {
+		/*
+		 * no merge config; is it because the user didn't define any,
+		 * or because it is not a real branch, and get_branch
+		 * auto-vivified it?
+		 */
+		if (!ref_exists(branch->refname))
+			return error_buf(err, _("no such branch: '%s'"),
+					 branch->name);
+		return error_buf(err,
+				 _("no upstream configured for branch '%s'"),
+				 branch->name);
+	}
+
+	if (!branch->merge[0]->dst)
+		return error_buf(err,
+				 _("upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"),
+				 branch->merge[0]->src);
+
+	return branch->merge[0]->dst;
+}
+
+static const char *tracking_for_push_dest(struct remote *remote,
+					  const char *refname,
+					  struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	char *ret;
+
+	ret = apply_refspecs(&remote->fetch, refname);
+	if (!ret)
+		return error_buf(err,
+				 _("push destination '%s' on remote '%s' has no local tracking branch"),
+				 refname, remote->name);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static const char *branch_get_push_1(struct branch *branch, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct remote *remote;
+
+	remote = remote_get(pushremote_for_branch(branch, NULL));
+	if (!remote)
+		return error_buf(err,
+				 _("branch '%s' has no remote for pushing"),
+				 branch->name);
+
+	if (remote->push.nr) {
+		char *dst;
+		const char *ret;
+
+		dst = apply_refspecs(&remote->push, branch->refname);
+		if (!dst)
+			return error_buf(err,
+					 _("push refspecs for '%s' do not include '%s'"),
+					 remote->name, branch->name);
+
+		ret = tracking_for_push_dest(remote, dst, err);
+		free(dst);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	if (remote->mirror)
+		return tracking_for_push_dest(remote, branch->refname, err);
+
+	switch (push_default) {
+	case PUSH_DEFAULT_NOTHING:
+		return error_buf(err, _("push has no destination (push.default is 'nothing')"));
+
+	case PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING:
+	case PUSH_DEFAULT_CURRENT:
+		return tracking_for_push_dest(remote, branch->refname, err);
+
+	case PUSH_DEFAULT_UPSTREAM:
+		return branch_get_upstream(branch, err);
+
+	case PUSH_DEFAULT_UNSPECIFIED:
+	case PUSH_DEFAULT_SIMPLE:
+		{
+			const char *up, *cur;
+
+			up = branch_get_upstream(branch, err);
+			if (!up)
+				return NULL;
+			cur = tracking_for_push_dest(remote, branch->refname, err);
+			if (!cur)
+				return NULL;
+			if (strcmp(cur, up))
+				return error_buf(err,
+						 _("cannot resolve 'simple' push to a single destination"));
+			return cur;
+		}
+	}
+
+	BUG("unhandled push situation");
+}
+
+const char *branch_get_push(struct branch *branch, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	if (!branch)
+		return error_buf(err, _("HEAD does not point to a branch"));
+
+	if (!branch->push_tracking_ref)
+		branch->push_tracking_ref = branch_get_push_1(branch, err);
+	return branch->push_tracking_ref;
+}
+
 static int ignore_symref_update(const char *refname)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	int flag;
 
-	if (!resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, 0, sha1, &flag))
+	if (!resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, 0, NULL, &flag))
 		return 0; /* non-existing refs are OK */
 	return (flag & REF_ISSYMREF);
 }
@@ -1701,7 +1658,7 @@ static int ignore_symref_update(const char *refname)
  * local symbolic ref.
  */
 static struct ref *get_expanded_map(const struct ref *remote_refs,
-				    const struct refspec *refspec)
+				    const struct refspec_item *refspec)
 {
 	const struct ref *ref;
 	struct ref *ret = NULL;
@@ -1732,11 +1689,18 @@ static struct ref *get_expanded_map(const struct ref *remote_refs,
 static const struct ref *find_ref_by_name_abbrev(const struct ref *refs, const char *name)
 {
 	const struct ref *ref;
+	const struct ref *best_match = NULL;
+	int best_score = 0;
+
 	for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
-		if (refname_match(name, ref->name))
-			return ref;
+		int score = refname_match(name, ref->name);
+
+		if (best_score < score) {
+			best_match = ref;
+			best_score = score;
+		}
 	}
-	return NULL;
+	return best_match;
 }
 
 struct ref *get_remote_ref(const struct ref *remote_refs, const char *name)
@@ -1766,7 +1730,7 @@ static struct ref *get_local_ref(const char *name)
 }
 
 int get_fetch_map(const struct ref *remote_refs,
-		  const struct refspec *refspec,
+		  const struct refspec_item *refspec,
 		  struct ref ***tail,
 		  int missing_ok)
 {
@@ -1779,7 +1743,8 @@ int get_fetch_map(const struct ref *remote_refs,
 
 		if (refspec->exact_sha1) {
 			ref_map = alloc_ref(name);
-			get_sha1_hex(name, ref_map->old_sha1);
+			get_oid_hex(name, &ref_map->old_oid);
+			ref_map->exact_oid = 1;
 		} else {
 			ref_map = get_remote_ref(remote_refs, name);
 		}
@@ -1820,7 +1785,7 @@ int resolve_remote_symref(struct ref *ref, struct ref *list)
 		return 0;
 	for (; list; list = list->next)
 		if (!strcmp(ref->symref, list->name)) {
-			hashcpy(ref->old_sha1, list->old_sha1);
+			oidcpy(&ref->old_oid, &list->old_oid);
 			return 0;
 		}
 	return 1;
@@ -1829,43 +1794,43 @@ int resolve_remote_symref(struct ref *ref, struct ref *list)
 static void unmark_and_free(struct commit_list *list, unsigned int mark)
 {
 	while (list) {
-		struct commit_list *temp = list;
-		temp->item->object.flags &= ~mark;
-		list = temp->next;
-		free(temp);
+		struct commit *commit = pop_commit(&list);
+		commit->object.flags &= ~mark;
 	}
 }
 
-int ref_newer(const unsigned char *new_sha1, const unsigned char *old_sha1)
+int ref_newer(const struct object_id *new_oid, const struct object_id *old_oid)
 {
 	struct object *o;
-	struct commit *old, *new;
+	struct commit *old_commit, *new_commit;
 	struct commit_list *list, *used;
 	int found = 0;
 
 	/*
-	 * Both new and old must be commit-ish and new is descendant of
-	 * old.  Otherwise we require --force.
+	 * Both new_commit and old_commit must be commit-ish and new_commit is descendant of
+	 * old_commit.  Otherwise we require --force.
 	 */
-	o = deref_tag(parse_object(old_sha1), NULL, 0);
+	o = deref_tag(the_repository, parse_object(the_repository, old_oid),
+		      NULL, 0);
 	if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 		return 0;
-	old = (struct commit *) o;
+	old_commit = (struct commit *) o;
 
-	o = deref_tag(parse_object(new_sha1), NULL, 0);
+	o = deref_tag(the_repository, parse_object(the_repository, new_oid),
+		      NULL, 0);
 	if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 		return 0;
-	new = (struct commit *) o;
+	new_commit = (struct commit *) o;
 
-	if (parse_commit(new) < 0)
+	if (parse_commit(new_commit) < 0)
 		return 0;
 
 	used = list = NULL;
-	commit_list_insert(new, &list);
+	commit_list_insert(new_commit, &list);
 	while (list) {
-		new = pop_most_recent_commit(&list, TMP_MARK);
-		commit_list_insert(new, &used);
-		if (new == old) {
+		new_commit = pop_most_recent_commit(&list, TMP_MARK);
+		commit_list_insert(new_commit, &used);
+		if (new_commit == old_commit) {
 			found = 1;
 			break;
 		}
@@ -1876,66 +1841,74 @@ int ref_newer(const unsigned char *new_sha1, const unsigned char *old_sha1)
 }
 
 /*
- * Compare a branch with its upstream, and save their differences (number
- * of commits) in *num_ours and *num_theirs.
+ * Lookup the upstream branch for the given branch and if present, optionally
+ * compute the commit ahead/behind values for the pair.
  *
- * Return 0 if branch has no upstream (no base), -1 if upstream is missing
- * (with "gone" base), otherwise 1 (with base).
+ * If abf is AHEAD_BEHIND_FULL, compute the full ahead/behind and return the
+ * counts in *num_ours and *num_theirs.  If abf is AHEAD_BEHIND_QUICK, skip
+ * the (potentially expensive) a/b computation (*num_ours and *num_theirs are
+ * set to zero).
+ *
+ * The name of the upstream branch (or NULL if no upstream is defined) is
+ * returned via *upstream_name, if it is not itself NULL.
+ *
+ * Returns -1 if num_ours and num_theirs could not be filled in (e.g., no
+ * upstream defined, or ref does not exist).  Returns 0 if the commits are
+ * identical.  Returns 1 if commits are different.
  */
-int stat_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, int *num_ours, int *num_theirs)
+int stat_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, int *num_ours, int *num_theirs,
+		       const char **upstream_name, enum ahead_behind_flags abf)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct commit *ours, *theirs;
-	char symmetric[84];
 	struct rev_info revs;
-	const char *rev_argv[10], *base;
-	int rev_argc;
+	const char *base;
+	struct argv_array argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 
 	/* Cannot stat unless we are marked to build on top of somebody else. */
-	if (!branch ||
-	    !branch->merge || !branch->merge[0] || !branch->merge[0]->dst)
-		return 0;
+	base = branch_get_upstream(branch, NULL);
+	if (upstream_name)
+		*upstream_name = base;
+	if (!base)
+		return -1;
 
 	/* Cannot stat if what we used to build on no longer exists */
-	base = branch->merge[0]->dst;
-	if (read_ref(base, sha1))
+	if (read_ref(base, &oid))
 		return -1;
-	theirs = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	theirs = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &oid);
 	if (!theirs)
 		return -1;
 
-	if (read_ref(branch->refname, sha1))
+	if (read_ref(branch->refname, &oid))
 		return -1;
-	ours = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	ours = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &oid);
 	if (!ours)
 		return -1;
 
+	*num_theirs = *num_ours = 0;
+
 	/* are we the same? */
-	if (theirs == ours) {
-		*num_theirs = *num_ours = 0;
+	if (theirs == ours)
+		return 0;
+	if (abf == AHEAD_BEHIND_QUICK)
 		return 1;
-	}
+	if (abf != AHEAD_BEHIND_FULL)
+		BUG("stat_tracking_info: invalid abf '%d'", abf);
 
 	/* Run "rev-list --left-right ours...theirs" internally... */
-	rev_argc = 0;
-	rev_argv[rev_argc++] = NULL;
-	rev_argv[rev_argc++] = "--left-right";
-	rev_argv[rev_argc++] = symmetric;
-	rev_argv[rev_argc++] = "--";
-	rev_argv[rev_argc] = NULL;
-
-	strcpy(symmetric, sha1_to_hex(ours->object.sha1));
-	strcpy(symmetric + 40, "...");
-	strcpy(symmetric + 43, sha1_to_hex(theirs->object.sha1));
+	argv_array_push(&argv, ""); /* ignored */
+	argv_array_push(&argv, "--left-right");
+	argv_array_pushf(&argv, "%s...%s",
+			 oid_to_hex(&ours->object.oid),
+			 oid_to_hex(&theirs->object.oid));
+	argv_array_push(&argv, "--");
 
 	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
-	setup_revisions(rev_argc, rev_argv, &revs, NULL);
+	setup_revisions(argv.argc, argv.argv, &revs, NULL);
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
 		die("revision walk setup failed");
 
 	/* ... and count the commits on each side. */
-	*num_ours = 0;
-	*num_theirs = 0;
 	while (1) {
 		struct commit *c = get_revision(&revs);
 		if (!c)
@@ -1949,43 +1922,48 @@ int stat_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, int *num_ours, int *num_theirs)
 	/* clear object flags smudged by the above traversal */
 	clear_commit_marks(ours, ALL_REV_FLAGS);
 	clear_commit_marks(theirs, ALL_REV_FLAGS);
+
+	argv_array_clear(&argv);
 	return 1;
 }
 
 /*
  * Return true when there is anything to report, otherwise false.
  */
-int format_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, struct strbuf *sb)
+int format_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, struct strbuf *sb,
+			 enum ahead_behind_flags abf)
 {
-	int ours, theirs;
+	int ours, theirs, sti;
+	const char *full_base;
 	char *base;
 	int upstream_is_gone = 0;
 
-	switch (stat_tracking_info(branch, &ours, &theirs)) {
-	case 0:
-		/* no base */
-		return 0;
-	case -1:
-		/* with "gone" base */
+	sti = stat_tracking_info(branch, &ours, &theirs, &full_base, abf);
+	if (sti < 0) {
+		if (!full_base)
+			return 0;
 		upstream_is_gone = 1;
-		break;
-	default:
-		/* with base */
-		break;
 	}
 
-	base = shorten_unambiguous_ref(branch->merge[0]->dst, 0);
+	base = shorten_unambiguous_ref(full_base, 0);
 	if (upstream_is_gone) {
 		strbuf_addf(sb,
 			_("Your branch is based on '%s', but the upstream is gone.\n"),
 			base);
 		if (advice_status_hints)
-			strbuf_addf(sb,
+			strbuf_addstr(sb,
 				_("  (use \"git branch --unset-upstream\" to fixup)\n"));
-	} else if (!ours && !theirs) {
+	} else if (!sti) {
 		strbuf_addf(sb,
-			_("Your branch is up-to-date with '%s'.\n"),
+			_("Your branch is up to date with '%s'.\n"),
 			base);
+	} else if (abf == AHEAD_BEHIND_QUICK) {
+		strbuf_addf(sb,
+			    _("Your branch and '%s' refer to different commits.\n"),
+			    base);
+		if (advice_status_hints)
+			strbuf_addf(sb, _("  (use \"%s\" for details)\n"),
+				    "git status --ahead-behind");
 	} else if (!theirs) {
 		strbuf_addf(sb,
 			Q_("Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n",
@@ -1993,7 +1971,7 @@ int format_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, struct strbuf *sb)
 			   ours),
 			base, ours);
 		if (advice_status_hints)
-			strbuf_addf(sb,
+			strbuf_addstr(sb,
 				_("  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"));
 	} else if (!ours) {
 		strbuf_addf(sb,
@@ -2004,7 +1982,7 @@ int format_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, struct strbuf *sb)
 			   theirs),
 			base, theirs);
 		if (advice_status_hints)
-			strbuf_addf(sb,
+			strbuf_addstr(sb,
 				_("  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"));
 	} else {
 		strbuf_addf(sb,
@@ -2014,30 +1992,28 @@ int format_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, struct strbuf *sb)
 			   "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
 			       "and have %d and %d different commits each, "
 			       "respectively.\n",
-			   theirs),
+			   ours + theirs),
 			base, ours, theirs);
 		if (advice_status_hints)
-			strbuf_addf(sb,
+			strbuf_addstr(sb,
 				_("  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"));
 	}
 	free(base);
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int one_local_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int one_local_ref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+			 int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct ref ***local_tail = cb_data;
 	struct ref *ref;
-	int len;
 
 	/* we already know it starts with refs/ to get here */
 	if (check_refname_format(refname + 5, 0))
 		return 0;
 
-	len = strlen(refname) + 1;
-	ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + len);
-	hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, sha1);
-	memcpy(ref->name, refname, len);
+	ref = alloc_ref(refname);
+	oidcpy(&ref->new_oid, oid);
 	**local_tail = ref;
 	*local_tail = &ref->next;
 	return 0;
@@ -2046,6 +2022,7 @@ static int one_local_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int fla
 struct ref *get_local_heads(void)
 {
 	struct ref *local_refs = NULL, **local_tail = &local_refs;
+
 	for_each_ref(one_local_ref, &local_tail);
 	return local_refs;
 }
@@ -2072,7 +2049,7 @@ struct ref *guess_remote_head(const struct ref *head,
 	/* If refs/heads/master could be right, it is. */
 	if (!all) {
 		r = find_ref_by_name(refs, "refs/heads/master");
-		if (r && !hashcmp(r->old_sha1, head->old_sha1))
+		if (r && !oidcmp(&r->old_oid, &head->old_oid))
 			return copy_ref(r);
 	}
 
@@ -2080,7 +2057,7 @@ struct ref *guess_remote_head(const struct ref *head,
 	for (r = refs; r; r = r->next) {
 		if (r != head &&
 		    starts_with(r->name, "refs/heads/") &&
-		    !hashcmp(r->old_sha1, head->old_sha1)) {
+		    !oidcmp(&r->old_oid, &head->old_oid)) {
 			*tail = copy_ref(r);
 			tail = &((*tail)->next);
 			if (!all)
@@ -2094,21 +2071,20 @@ struct ref *guess_remote_head(const struct ref *head,
 struct stale_heads_info {
 	struct string_list *ref_names;
 	struct ref **stale_refs_tail;
-	struct refspec *refs;
-	int ref_count;
+	struct refspec *rs;
 };
 
-static int get_stale_heads_cb(const char *refname,
-	const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
+static int get_stale_heads_cb(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+			      int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct stale_heads_info *info = cb_data;
 	struct string_list matches = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
-	struct refspec query;
+	struct refspec_item query;
 	int i, stale = 1;
-	memset(&query, 0, sizeof(struct refspec));
+	memset(&query, 0, sizeof(struct refspec_item));
 	query.dst = (char *)refname;
 
-	query_refspecs_multiple(info->refs, info->ref_count, &query, &matches);
+	query_refspecs_multiple(info->rs, &query, &matches);
 	if (matches.nr == 0)
 		goto clean_exit; /* No matches */
 
@@ -2128,7 +2104,7 @@ static int get_stale_heads_cb(const char *refname,
 
 	if (stale) {
 		struct ref *ref = make_linked_ref(refname, &info->stale_refs_tail);
-		hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, sha1);
+		oidcpy(&ref->new_oid, oid);
 	}
 
 clean_exit:
@@ -2136,15 +2112,15 @@ clean_exit:
 	return 0;
 }
 
-struct ref *get_stale_heads(struct refspec *refs, int ref_count, struct ref *fetch_map)
+struct ref *get_stale_heads(struct refspec *rs, struct ref *fetch_map)
 {
 	struct ref *ref, *stale_refs = NULL;
 	struct string_list ref_names = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	struct stale_heads_info info;
+
 	info.ref_names = &ref_names;
 	info.stale_refs_tail = &stale_refs;
-	info.refs = refs;
-	info.ref_count = ref_count;
+	info.rs = rs;
 	for (ref = fetch_map; ref; ref = ref->next)
 		string_list_append(&ref_names, ref->name);
 	string_list_sort(&ref_names);
@@ -2178,7 +2154,7 @@ static struct push_cas *add_cas_entry(struct push_cas_option *cas,
 	return entry;
 }
 
-int parse_push_cas_option(struct push_cas_option *cas, const char *arg, int unset)
+static int parse_push_cas_option(struct push_cas_option *cas, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
 	const char *colon;
 	struct push_cas *entry;
@@ -2200,7 +2176,9 @@ int parse_push_cas_option(struct push_cas_option *cas, const char *arg, int unse
 	entry = add_cas_entry(cas, arg, colon - arg);
 	if (!*colon)
 		entry->use_tracking = 1;
-	else if (get_sha1(colon + 1, entry->expect))
+	else if (!colon[1])
+		oidclr(&entry->expect);
+	else if (get_oid(colon + 1, &entry->expect))
 		return error("cannot parse expected object name '%s'", colon + 1);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -2222,14 +2200,14 @@ int is_empty_cas(const struct push_cas_option *cas)
  * If we cannot do so, return negative to signal an error.
  */
 static int remote_tracking(struct remote *remote, const char *refname,
-			   unsigned char sha1[20])
+			   struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	char *dst;
 
-	dst = apply_refspecs(remote->fetch, remote->fetch_refspec_nr, refname);
+	dst = apply_refspecs(&remote->fetch, refname);
 	if (!dst)
 		return -1; /* no tracking ref for refname at remote */
-	if (read_ref(dst, sha1))
+	if (read_ref(dst, oid))
 		return -1; /* we know what the tracking ref is but we cannot read it */
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -2247,9 +2225,9 @@ static void apply_cas(struct push_cas_option *cas,
 			continue;
 		ref->expect_old_sha1 = 1;
 		if (!entry->use_tracking)
-			hashcpy(ref->old_sha1_expect, cas->entry[i].expect);
-		else if (remote_tracking(remote, ref->name, ref->old_sha1_expect))
-			ref->expect_old_no_trackback = 1;
+			oidcpy(&ref->old_oid_expect, &entry->expect);
+		else if (remote_tracking(remote, ref->name, &ref->old_oid_expect))
+			oidclr(&ref->old_oid_expect);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -2258,8 +2236,8 @@ static void apply_cas(struct push_cas_option *cas,
 		return;
 
 	ref->expect_old_sha1 = 1;
-	if (remote_tracking(remote, ref->name, ref->old_sha1_expect))
-		ref->expect_old_no_trackback = 1;
+	if (remote_tracking(remote, ref->name, &ref->old_oid_expect))
+		oidclr(&ref->old_oid_expect);
 }
 
 void apply_push_cas(struct push_cas_option *cas,
diff --git a/remote.h b/remote.h
index 02d66ceff5..88f8480c71 100644
--- a/remote.h
+++ b/remote.h
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 #ifndef REMOTE_H
 #define REMOTE_H
 
+#include "cache.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "hashmap.h"
+#include "refspec.h"
 
 enum {
+	REMOTE_UNCONFIGURED = 0,
 	REMOTE_CONFIG,
 	REMOTE_REMOTES,
 	REMOTE_BRANCHES
@@ -14,7 +17,7 @@ struct remote {
 	struct hashmap_entry ent;  /* must be first */
 
 	const char *name;
-	int origin;
+	int origin, configured_in_repo;
 
 	const char *foreign_vcs;
 
@@ -26,15 +29,9 @@ struct remote {
 	int pushurl_nr;
 	int pushurl_alloc;
 
-	const char **push_refspec;
-	struct refspec *push;
-	int push_refspec_nr;
-	int push_refspec_alloc;
+	struct refspec push;
 
-	const char **fetch_refspec;
-	struct refspec *fetch;
-	int fetch_refspec_nr;
-	int fetch_refspec_alloc;
+	struct refspec fetch;
 
 	/*
 	 * -1 to never fetch tags
@@ -46,6 +43,7 @@ struct remote {
 	int skip_default_update;
 	int mirror;
 	int prune;
+	int prune_tags;
 
 	const char *receivepack;
 	const char *uploadpack;
@@ -54,42 +52,36 @@ struct remote {
 	 * for curl remotes only
 	 */
 	char *http_proxy;
+	char *http_proxy_authmethod;
 };
 
 struct remote *remote_get(const char *name);
 struct remote *pushremote_get(const char *name);
-int remote_is_configured(const char *name);
+int remote_is_configured(struct remote *remote, int in_repo);
 
 typedef int each_remote_fn(struct remote *remote, void *priv);
 int for_each_remote(each_remote_fn fn, void *priv);
 
 int remote_has_url(struct remote *remote, const char *url);
 
-struct refspec {
-	unsigned force : 1;
-	unsigned pattern : 1;
-	unsigned matching : 1;
-	unsigned exact_sha1 : 1;
-
-	char *src;
-	char *dst;
-};
-
-extern const struct refspec *tag_refspec;
-
 struct ref {
 	struct ref *next;
-	unsigned char old_sha1[20];
-	unsigned char new_sha1[20];
-	unsigned char old_sha1_expect[20]; /* used by expect-old */
+	struct object_id old_oid;
+	struct object_id new_oid;
+	struct object_id old_oid_expect; /* used by expect-old */
 	char *symref;
 	unsigned int
 		force:1,
 		forced_update:1,
 		expect_old_sha1:1,
-		expect_old_no_trackback:1,
-		deletion:1,
-		matched:1;
+		exact_oid:1,
+		deletion:1;
+
+	enum {
+		REF_NOT_MATCHED = 0, /* initial value */
+		REF_MATCHED,
+		REF_UNADVERTISED_NOT_ALLOWED
+	} match_status;
 
 	/*
 	 * Order is important here, as we write to FETCH_HEAD
@@ -143,14 +135,23 @@ int check_ref_type(const struct ref *ref, int flags);
  */
 void free_refs(struct ref *ref);
 
-struct sha1_array;
-extern struct ref **get_remote_heads(int in, char *src_buf, size_t src_len,
+struct oid_array;
+struct packet_reader;
+struct argv_array;
+struct string_list;
+extern struct ref **get_remote_heads(struct packet_reader *reader,
 				     struct ref **list, unsigned int flags,
-				     struct sha1_array *extra_have,
-				     struct sha1_array *shallow);
+				     struct oid_array *extra_have,
+				     struct oid_array *shallow_points);
+
+/* Used for protocol v2 in order to retrieve refs from a remote */
+extern struct ref **get_remote_refs(int fd_out, struct packet_reader *reader,
+				    struct ref **list, int for_push,
+				    const struct argv_array *ref_prefixes,
+				    const struct string_list *server_options);
 
 int resolve_remote_symref(struct ref *ref, struct ref *list);
-int ref_newer(const unsigned char *new_sha1, const unsigned char *old_sha1);
+int ref_newer(const struct object_id *new_oid, const struct object_id *old_oid);
 
 /*
  * Remove and free all but the first of any entries in the input list
@@ -161,18 +162,12 @@ int ref_newer(const unsigned char *new_sha1, const unsigned char *old_sha1);
  */
 struct ref *ref_remove_duplicates(struct ref *ref_map);
 
-int valid_fetch_refspec(const char *refspec);
-struct refspec *parse_fetch_refspec(int nr_refspec, const char **refspec);
-
-void free_refspec(int nr_refspec, struct refspec *refspec);
-
-extern int query_refspecs(struct refspec *specs, int nr, struct refspec *query);
-char *apply_refspecs(struct refspec *refspecs, int nr_refspec,
-		     const char *name);
+int query_refspecs(struct refspec *rs, struct refspec_item *query);
+char *apply_refspecs(struct refspec *rs, const char *name);
 
-int check_push_refs(struct ref *src, int nr_refspec, const char **refspec);
+int check_push_refs(struct ref *src, struct refspec *rs);
 int match_push_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst,
-		    int nr_refspec, const char **refspec, int all);
+		    struct refspec *rs, int flags);
 void set_ref_status_for_push(struct ref *remote_refs, int send_mirror,
 	int force_update);
 
@@ -188,7 +183,7 @@ void set_ref_status_for_push(struct ref *remote_refs, int send_mirror,
  * missing_ok is usually false, but when we are adding branch.$name.merge
  * it is Ok if the branch is not at the remote anymore.
  */
-int get_fetch_map(const struct ref *remote_refs, const struct refspec *refspec,
+int get_fetch_map(const struct ref *remote_refs, const struct refspec_item *refspec,
 		  struct ref ***tail, int missing_ok);
 
 struct ref *get_remote_ref(const struct ref *remote_refs, const char *name);
@@ -196,26 +191,51 @@ struct ref *get_remote_ref(const struct ref *remote_refs, const char *name);
 /*
  * For the given remote, reads the refspec's src and sets the other fields.
  */
-int remote_find_tracking(struct remote *remote, struct refspec *refspec);
+int remote_find_tracking(struct remote *remote, struct refspec_item *refspec);
 
 struct branch {
 	const char *name;
 	const char *refname;
 
 	const char *remote_name;
-	struct remote *remote;
+	const char *pushremote_name;
 
 	const char **merge_name;
-	struct refspec **merge;
+	struct refspec_item **merge;
 	int merge_nr;
 	int merge_alloc;
+
+	const char *push_tracking_ref;
 };
 
 struct branch *branch_get(const char *name);
+const char *remote_for_branch(struct branch *branch, int *explicit);
+const char *pushremote_for_branch(struct branch *branch, int *explicit);
+const char *remote_ref_for_branch(struct branch *branch, int for_push,
+				  int *explicit);
 
 int branch_has_merge_config(struct branch *branch);
 int branch_merge_matches(struct branch *, int n, const char *);
 
+/**
+ * Return the fully-qualified refname of the tracking branch for `branch`.
+ * I.e., what "branch@{upstream}" would give you. Returns NULL if no
+ * upstream is defined.
+ *
+ * If `err` is not NULL and no upstream is defined, a more specific error
+ * message is recorded there (if the function does not return NULL, then
+ * `err` is not touched).
+ */
+const char *branch_get_upstream(struct branch *branch, struct strbuf *err);
+
+/**
+ * Return the tracking branch that corresponds to the ref we would push to
+ * given a bare `git push` while `branch` is checked out.
+ *
+ * The return value and `err` conventions match those of `branch_get_upstream`.
+ */
+const char *branch_get_push(struct branch *branch, struct strbuf *err);
+
 /* Flags to match_refs. */
 enum match_refs_flags {
 	MATCH_REFS_NONE		= 0,
@@ -225,9 +245,18 @@ enum match_refs_flags {
 	MATCH_REFS_FOLLOW_TAGS	= (1 << 3)
 };
 
+/* Flags for --ahead-behind option. */
+enum ahead_behind_flags {
+	AHEAD_BEHIND_UNSPECIFIED = -1,
+	AHEAD_BEHIND_QUICK       =  0,  /* just eq/neq reporting */
+	AHEAD_BEHIND_FULL        =  1,  /* traditional a/b reporting */
+};
+
 /* Reporting of tracking info */
-int stat_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, int *num_ours, int *num_theirs);
-int format_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, struct strbuf *sb);
+int stat_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, int *num_ours, int *num_theirs,
+		       const char **upstream_name, enum ahead_behind_flags abf);
+int format_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, struct strbuf *sb,
+			 enum ahead_behind_flags abf);
 
 struct ref *get_local_heads(void);
 /*
@@ -241,7 +270,7 @@ struct ref *guess_remote_head(const struct ref *head,
 			      int all);
 
 /* Return refs which no longer exist on remote */
-struct ref *get_stale_heads(struct refspec *refs, int ref_count, struct ref *fetch_map);
+struct ref *get_stale_heads(struct refspec *rs, struct ref *fetch_map);
 
 /*
  * Compare-and-swap
@@ -251,7 +280,7 @@ struct ref *get_stale_heads(struct refspec *refs, int ref_count, struct ref *fet
 struct push_cas_option {
 	unsigned use_tracking_for_rest:1;
 	struct push_cas {
-		unsigned char expect[20];
+		struct object_id expect;
 		unsigned use_tracking:1;
 		char *refname;
 	} *entry;
@@ -260,7 +289,6 @@ struct push_cas_option {
 };
 
 extern int parseopt_push_cas_option(const struct option *, const char *arg, int unset);
-extern int parse_push_cas_option(struct push_cas_option *, const char *arg, int unset);
 
 extern int is_empty_cas(const struct push_cas_option *);
 void apply_push_cas(struct push_cas_option *, struct remote *, struct ref *);
diff --git a/replace-object.c b/replace-object.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4ec77ce418
--- /dev/null
+++ b/replace-object.c
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "oidmap.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "replace-object.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+
+static int register_replace_ref(const char *refname,
+				const struct object_id *oid,
+				int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	/* Get sha1 from refname */
+	const char *slash = strrchr(refname, '/');
+	const char *hash = slash ? slash + 1 : refname;
+	struct replace_object *repl_obj = xmalloc(sizeof(*repl_obj));
+
+	if (get_oid_hex(hash, &repl_obj->original.oid)) {
+		free(repl_obj);
+		warning(_("bad replace ref name: %s"), refname);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Copy sha1 from the read ref */
+	oidcpy(&repl_obj->replacement, oid);
+
+	/* Register new object */
+	if (oidmap_put(the_repository->objects->replace_map, repl_obj))
+		die(_("duplicate replace ref: %s"), refname);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void prepare_replace_object(struct repository *r)
+{
+	if (r->objects->replace_map)
+		return;
+
+	r->objects->replace_map =
+		xmalloc(sizeof(*r->objects->replace_map));
+	oidmap_init(r->objects->replace_map, 0);
+
+	for_each_replace_ref(r, register_replace_ref, NULL);
+}
+
+/* We allow "recursive" replacement. Only within reason, though */
+#define MAXREPLACEDEPTH 5
+
+/*
+ * If a replacement for object oid has been set up, return the
+ * replacement object's name (replaced recursively, if necessary).
+ * The return value is either oid or a pointer to a
+ * permanently-allocated value.  This function always respects replace
+ * references, regardless of the value of read_replace_refs.
+ */
+const struct object_id *do_lookup_replace_object(struct repository *r,
+						 const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	int depth = MAXREPLACEDEPTH;
+	const struct object_id *cur = oid;
+
+	prepare_replace_object(r);
+
+	/* Try to recursively replace the object */
+	while (depth-- > 0) {
+		struct replace_object *repl_obj =
+			oidmap_get(r->objects->replace_map, cur);
+		if (!repl_obj)
+			return cur;
+		cur = &repl_obj->replacement;
+	}
+	die(_("replace depth too high for object %s"), oid_to_hex(oid));
+}
diff --git a/replace-object.h b/replace-object.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9345e105dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/replace-object.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#ifndef REPLACE_OBJECT_H
+#define REPLACE_OBJECT_H
+
+#include "oidmap.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+
+struct replace_object {
+	struct oidmap_entry original;
+	struct object_id replacement;
+};
+
+/*
+ * This internal function is only declared here for the benefit of
+ * lookup_replace_object().  Please do not call it directly.
+ */
+extern const struct object_id *do_lookup_replace_object(struct repository *r,
+							const struct object_id *oid);
+
+/*
+ * If object sha1 should be replaced, return the replacement object's
+ * name (replaced recursively, if necessary).  The return value is
+ * either sha1 or a pointer to a permanently-allocated value.  When
+ * object replacement is suppressed, always return sha1.
+ */
+static inline const struct object_id *lookup_replace_object(struct repository *r,
+							    const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	if (!read_replace_refs ||
+	    (r->objects->replace_map &&
+	     r->objects->replace_map->map.tablesize == 0))
+		return oid;
+	return do_lookup_replace_object(r, oid);
+}
+
+#endif /* REPLACE_OBJECT_H */
diff --git a/replace_object.c b/replace_object.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 0ab2dc1374..0000000000
--- a/replace_object.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,122 +0,0 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "sha1-lookup.h"
-#include "refs.h"
-#include "commit.h"
-
-/*
- * An array of replacements.  The array is kept sorted by the original
- * sha1.
- */
-static struct replace_object {
-	unsigned char original[20];
-	unsigned char replacement[20];
-} **replace_object;
-
-static int replace_object_alloc, replace_object_nr;
-
-static const unsigned char *replace_sha1_access(size_t index, void *table)
-{
-	struct replace_object **replace = table;
-	return replace[index]->original;
-}
-
-static int replace_object_pos(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	return sha1_pos(sha1, replace_object, replace_object_nr,
-			replace_sha1_access);
-}
-
-static int register_replace_object(struct replace_object *replace,
-				   int ignore_dups)
-{
-	int pos = replace_object_pos(replace->original);
-
-	if (0 <= pos) {
-		if (ignore_dups)
-			free(replace);
-		else {
-			free(replace_object[pos]);
-			replace_object[pos] = replace;
-		}
-		return 1;
-	}
-	pos = -pos - 1;
-	ALLOC_GROW(replace_object, replace_object_nr + 1, replace_object_alloc);
-	replace_object_nr++;
-	if (pos < replace_object_nr)
-		memmove(replace_object + pos + 1,
-			replace_object + pos,
-			(replace_object_nr - pos - 1) *
-			sizeof(*replace_object));
-	replace_object[pos] = replace;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int register_replace_ref(const char *refname,
-				const unsigned char *sha1,
-				int flag, void *cb_data)
-{
-	/* Get sha1 from refname */
-	const char *slash = strrchr(refname, '/');
-	const char *hash = slash ? slash + 1 : refname;
-	struct replace_object *repl_obj = xmalloc(sizeof(*repl_obj));
-
-	if (strlen(hash) != 40 || get_sha1_hex(hash, repl_obj->original)) {
-		free(repl_obj);
-		warning("bad replace ref name: %s", refname);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	/* Copy sha1 from the read ref */
-	hashcpy(repl_obj->replacement, sha1);
-
-	/* Register new object */
-	if (register_replace_object(repl_obj, 1))
-		die("duplicate replace ref: %s", refname);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void prepare_replace_object(void)
-{
-	static int replace_object_prepared;
-
-	if (replace_object_prepared)
-		return;
-
-	for_each_replace_ref(register_replace_ref, NULL);
-	replace_object_prepared = 1;
-	if (!replace_object_nr)
-		check_replace_refs = 0;
-}
-
-/* We allow "recursive" replacement. Only within reason, though */
-#define MAXREPLACEDEPTH 5
-
-/*
- * If a replacement for object sha1 has been set up, return the
- * replacement object's name (replaced recursively, if necessary).
- * The return value is either sha1 or a pointer to a
- * permanently-allocated value.  This function always respects replace
- * references, regardless of the value of check_replace_refs.
- */
-const unsigned char *do_lookup_replace_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	int pos, depth = MAXREPLACEDEPTH;
-	const unsigned char *cur = sha1;
-
-	prepare_replace_object();
-
-	/* Try to recursively replace the object */
-	do {
-		if (--depth < 0)
-			die("replace depth too high for object %s",
-			    sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-
-		pos = replace_object_pos(cur);
-		if (0 <= pos)
-			cur = replace_object[pos]->replacement;
-	} while (0 <= pos);
-
-	return cur;
-}
diff --git a/repository.c b/repository.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5dd1486718
--- /dev/null
+++ b/repository.c
@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "object.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
+
+/* The main repository */
+static struct repository the_repo;
+struct repository *the_repository;
+
+void initialize_the_repository(void)
+{
+	the_repository = &the_repo;
+
+	the_repo.index = &the_index;
+	the_repo.objects = raw_object_store_new();
+	the_repo.parsed_objects = parsed_object_pool_new();
+
+	repo_set_hash_algo(&the_repo, GIT_HASH_SHA1);
+}
+
+static void expand_base_dir(char **out, const char *in,
+			    const char *base_dir, const char *def_in)
+{
+	free(*out);
+	if (in)
+		*out = xstrdup(in);
+	else
+		*out = xstrfmt("%s/%s", base_dir, def_in);
+}
+
+static void repo_set_commondir(struct repository *repo,
+			       const char *commondir)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	free(repo->commondir);
+
+	if (commondir) {
+		repo->different_commondir = 1;
+		repo->commondir = xstrdup(commondir);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	repo->different_commondir = get_common_dir_noenv(&sb, repo->gitdir);
+	repo->commondir = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+}
+
+void repo_set_gitdir(struct repository *repo,
+		     const char *root,
+		     const struct set_gitdir_args *o)
+{
+	const char *gitfile = read_gitfile(root);
+	/*
+	 * repo->gitdir is saved because the caller could pass "root"
+	 * that also points to repo->gitdir. We want to keep it alive
+	 * until after xstrdup(root). Then we can free it.
+	 */
+	char *old_gitdir = repo->gitdir;
+
+	repo->gitdir = xstrdup(gitfile ? gitfile : root);
+	free(old_gitdir);
+
+	repo_set_commondir(repo, o->commondir);
+	expand_base_dir(&repo->objects->objectdir, o->object_dir,
+			repo->commondir, "objects");
+	free(repo->objects->alternate_db);
+	repo->objects->alternate_db = xstrdup_or_null(o->alternate_db);
+	expand_base_dir(&repo->graft_file, o->graft_file,
+			repo->commondir, "info/grafts");
+	expand_base_dir(&repo->index_file, o->index_file,
+			repo->gitdir, "index");
+}
+
+void repo_set_hash_algo(struct repository *repo, int hash_algo)
+{
+	repo->hash_algo = &hash_algos[hash_algo];
+}
+
+/*
+ * Attempt to resolve and set the provided 'gitdir' for repository 'repo'.
+ * Return 0 upon success and a non-zero value upon failure.
+ */
+static int repo_init_gitdir(struct repository *repo, const char *gitdir)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	int error = 0;
+	char *abspath = NULL;
+	const char *resolved_gitdir;
+	struct set_gitdir_args args = { NULL };
+
+	abspath = real_pathdup(gitdir, 0);
+	if (!abspath) {
+		ret = -1;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/* 'gitdir' must reference the gitdir directly */
+	resolved_gitdir = resolve_gitdir_gently(abspath, &error);
+	if (!resolved_gitdir) {
+		ret = -1;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	repo_set_gitdir(repo, resolved_gitdir, &args);
+
+out:
+	free(abspath);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void repo_set_worktree(struct repository *repo, const char *path)
+{
+	repo->worktree = real_pathdup(path, 1);
+}
+
+static int read_and_verify_repository_format(struct repository_format *format,
+					     const char *commondir)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/config", commondir);
+	read_repository_format(format, sb.buf);
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+
+	if (verify_repository_format(format, &sb) < 0) {
+		warning("%s", sb.buf);
+		ret = -1;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialize 'repo' based on the provided 'gitdir'.
+ * Return 0 upon success and a non-zero value upon failure.
+ */
+int repo_init(struct repository *repo,
+	      const char *gitdir,
+	      const char *worktree)
+{
+	struct repository_format format;
+	memset(repo, 0, sizeof(*repo));
+
+	repo->objects = raw_object_store_new();
+	repo->parsed_objects = parsed_object_pool_new();
+
+	if (repo_init_gitdir(repo, gitdir))
+		goto error;
+
+	if (read_and_verify_repository_format(&format, repo->commondir))
+		goto error;
+
+	repo_set_hash_algo(repo, format.hash_algo);
+
+	if (worktree)
+		repo_set_worktree(repo, worktree);
+
+	return 0;
+
+error:
+	repo_clear(repo);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialize 'submodule' as the submodule given by 'path' in parent repository
+ * 'superproject'.
+ * Return 0 upon success and a non-zero value upon failure.
+ */
+int repo_submodule_init(struct repository *submodule,
+			struct repository *superproject,
+			const char *path)
+{
+	const struct submodule *sub;
+	struct strbuf gitdir = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf worktree = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	sub = submodule_from_path(superproject, &null_oid, path);
+	if (!sub) {
+		ret = -1;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_repo_worktree_path(&gitdir, superproject, "%s/.git", path);
+	strbuf_repo_worktree_path(&worktree, superproject, "%s", path);
+
+	if (repo_init(submodule, gitdir.buf, worktree.buf)) {
+		/*
+		 * If initilization fails then it may be due to the submodule
+		 * not being populated in the superproject's worktree.  Instead
+		 * we can try to initilize the submodule by finding it's gitdir
+		 * in the superproject's 'modules' directory.  In this case the
+		 * submodule would not have a worktree.
+		 */
+		strbuf_reset(&gitdir);
+		strbuf_repo_git_path(&gitdir, superproject,
+				     "modules/%s", sub->name);
+
+		if (repo_init(submodule, gitdir.buf, NULL)) {
+			ret = -1;
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+	submodule->submodule_prefix = xstrfmt("%s%s/",
+					      superproject->submodule_prefix ?
+					      superproject->submodule_prefix :
+					      "", path);
+
+out:
+	strbuf_release(&gitdir);
+	strbuf_release(&worktree);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void repo_clear(struct repository *repo)
+{
+	FREE_AND_NULL(repo->gitdir);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(repo->commondir);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(repo->graft_file);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(repo->index_file);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(repo->worktree);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(repo->submodule_prefix);
+
+	raw_object_store_clear(repo->objects);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(repo->objects);
+
+	parsed_object_pool_clear(repo->parsed_objects);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(repo->parsed_objects);
+
+	if (repo->config) {
+		git_configset_clear(repo->config);
+		FREE_AND_NULL(repo->config);
+	}
+
+	if (repo->submodule_cache) {
+		submodule_cache_free(repo->submodule_cache);
+		repo->submodule_cache = NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (repo->index) {
+		discard_index(repo->index);
+		if (repo->index != &the_index)
+			FREE_AND_NULL(repo->index);
+	}
+}
+
+int repo_read_index(struct repository *repo)
+{
+	if (!repo->index)
+		repo->index = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*repo->index));
+
+	return read_index_from(repo->index, repo->index_file, repo->gitdir);
+}
diff --git a/repository.h b/repository.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9f16c42c1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/repository.h
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+#ifndef REPOSITORY_H
+#define REPOSITORY_H
+
+#include "path.h"
+
+struct config_set;
+struct git_hash_algo;
+struct index_state;
+struct raw_object_store;
+struct submodule_cache;
+
+struct repository {
+	/* Environment */
+	/*
+	 * Path to the git directory.
+	 * Cannot be NULL after initialization.
+	 */
+	char *gitdir;
+
+	/*
+	 * Path to the common git directory.
+	 * Cannot be NULL after initialization.
+	 */
+	char *commondir;
+
+	/*
+	 * Holds any information related to accessing the raw object content.
+	 */
+	struct raw_object_store *objects;
+
+	/*
+	 * All objects in this repository that have been parsed. This structure
+	 * owns all objects it references, so users of "struct object *"
+	 * generally do not need to free them; instead, when a repository is no
+	 * longer used, call parsed_object_pool_clear() on this structure, which
+	 * is called by the repositories repo_clear on its desconstruction.
+	 */
+	struct parsed_object_pool *parsed_objects;
+
+	/* The store in which the refs are held. */
+	struct ref_store *refs;
+
+	/*
+	 * Contains path to often used file names.
+	 */
+	struct path_cache cached_paths;
+
+	/*
+	 * Path to the repository's graft file.
+	 * Cannot be NULL after initialization.
+	 */
+	char *graft_file;
+
+	/*
+	 * Path to the current worktree's index file.
+	 * Cannot be NULL after initialization.
+	 */
+	char *index_file;
+
+	/*
+	 * Path to the working directory.
+	 * A NULL value indicates that there is no working directory.
+	 */
+	char *worktree;
+
+	/*
+	 * Path from the root of the top-level superproject down to this
+	 * repository.  This is only non-NULL if the repository is initialized
+	 * as a submodule of another repository.
+	 */
+	char *submodule_prefix;
+
+	/* Subsystems */
+	/*
+	 * Repository's config which contains key-value pairs from the usual
+	 * set of config files (i.e. repo specific .git/config, user wide
+	 * ~/.gitconfig, XDG config file and the global /etc/gitconfig)
+	 */
+	struct config_set *config;
+
+	/* Repository's submodule config as defined by '.gitmodules' */
+	struct submodule_cache *submodule_cache;
+
+	/*
+	 * Repository's in-memory index.
+	 * 'repo_read_index()' can be used to populate 'index'.
+	 */
+	struct index_state *index;
+
+	/* Repository's current hash algorithm, as serialized on disk. */
+	const struct git_hash_algo *hash_algo;
+
+	/* Configurations */
+
+	/* Indicate if a repository has a different 'commondir' from 'gitdir' */
+	unsigned different_commondir:1;
+};
+
+extern struct repository *the_repository;
+
+/*
+ * Define a custom repository layout. Any field can be NULL, which
+ * will default back to the path according to the default layout.
+ */
+struct set_gitdir_args {
+	const char *commondir;
+	const char *object_dir;
+	const char *graft_file;
+	const char *index_file;
+	const char *alternate_db;
+};
+
+void repo_set_gitdir(struct repository *repo, const char *root,
+		     const struct set_gitdir_args *extra_args);
+void repo_set_worktree(struct repository *repo, const char *path);
+void repo_set_hash_algo(struct repository *repo, int algo);
+void initialize_the_repository(void);
+int repo_init(struct repository *r, const char *gitdir, const char *worktree);
+int repo_submodule_init(struct repository *submodule,
+			struct repository *superproject,
+			const char *path);
+void repo_clear(struct repository *repo);
+
+/*
+ * Populates the repository's index from its index_file, an index struct will
+ * be allocated if needed.
+ *
+ * Return the number of index entries in the populated index or a value less
+ * than zero if an error occured.  If the repository's index has already been
+ * populated then the number of entries will simply be returned.
+ */
+int repo_read_index(struct repository *repo);
+
+#endif /* REPOSITORY_H */
diff --git a/rerere.c b/rerere.c
index 31644dec04..c7787aa07f 100644
--- a/rerere.c
+++ b/rerere.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "rerere.h"
@@ -8,6 +9,8 @@
 #include "ll-merge.h"
 #include "attr.h"
 #include "pathspec.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "sha1-lookup.h"
 
 #define RESOLVED 0
 #define PUNTED 1
@@ -20,47 +23,215 @@ static int rerere_enabled = -1;
 /* automatically update cleanly resolved paths to the index */
 static int rerere_autoupdate;
 
-static char *merge_rr_path;
+static int rerere_dir_nr;
+static int rerere_dir_alloc;
 
-const char *rerere_path(const char *hex, const char *file)
+#define RR_HAS_POSTIMAGE 1
+#define RR_HAS_PREIMAGE 2
+static struct rerere_dir {
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	int status_alloc, status_nr;
+	unsigned char *status;
+} **rerere_dir;
+
+static void free_rerere_dirs(void)
 {
-	return git_path("rr-cache/%s/%s", hex, file);
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < rerere_dir_nr; i++) {
+		free(rerere_dir[i]->status);
+		free(rerere_dir[i]);
+	}
+	FREE_AND_NULL(rerere_dir);
+	rerere_dir_nr = rerere_dir_alloc = 0;
 }
 
-static int has_rerere_resolution(const char *hex)
+static void free_rerere_id(struct string_list_item *item)
 {
-	struct stat st;
-	return !stat(rerere_path(hex, "postimage"), &st);
+	free(item->util);
 }
 
-static void read_rr(struct string_list *rr)
+static const char *rerere_id_hex(const struct rerere_id *id)
+{
+	return sha1_to_hex(id->collection->sha1);
+}
+
+static void fit_variant(struct rerere_dir *rr_dir, int variant)
+{
+	variant++;
+	ALLOC_GROW(rr_dir->status, variant, rr_dir->status_alloc);
+	if (rr_dir->status_nr < variant) {
+		memset(rr_dir->status + rr_dir->status_nr,
+		       '\0', variant - rr_dir->status_nr);
+		rr_dir->status_nr = variant;
+	}
+}
+
+static void assign_variant(struct rerere_id *id)
+{
+	int variant;
+	struct rerere_dir *rr_dir = id->collection;
+
+	variant = id->variant;
+	if (variant < 0) {
+		for (variant = 0; variant < rr_dir->status_nr; variant++)
+			if (!rr_dir->status[variant])
+				break;
+	}
+	fit_variant(rr_dir, variant);
+	id->variant = variant;
+}
+
+const char *rerere_path(const struct rerere_id *id, const char *file)
+{
+	if (!file)
+		return git_path("rr-cache/%s", rerere_id_hex(id));
+
+	if (id->variant <= 0)
+		return git_path("rr-cache/%s/%s", rerere_id_hex(id), file);
+
+	return git_path("rr-cache/%s/%s.%d",
+			rerere_id_hex(id), file, id->variant);
+}
+
+static int is_rr_file(const char *name, const char *filename, int *variant)
+{
+	const char *suffix;
+	char *ep;
+
+	if (!strcmp(name, filename)) {
+		*variant = 0;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (!skip_prefix(name, filename, &suffix) || *suffix != '.')
+		return 0;
+
+	errno = 0;
+	*variant = strtol(suffix + 1, &ep, 10);
+	if (errno || *ep)
+		return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void scan_rerere_dir(struct rerere_dir *rr_dir)
+{
+	struct dirent *de;
+	DIR *dir = opendir(git_path("rr-cache/%s", sha1_to_hex(rr_dir->sha1)));
+
+	if (!dir)
+		return;
+	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+		int variant;
+
+		if (is_rr_file(de->d_name, "postimage", &variant)) {
+			fit_variant(rr_dir, variant);
+			rr_dir->status[variant] |= RR_HAS_POSTIMAGE;
+		} else if (is_rr_file(de->d_name, "preimage", &variant)) {
+			fit_variant(rr_dir, variant);
+			rr_dir->status[variant] |= RR_HAS_PREIMAGE;
+		}
+	}
+	closedir(dir);
+}
+
+static const unsigned char *rerere_dir_sha1(size_t i, void *table)
+{
+	struct rerere_dir **rr_dir = table;
+	return rr_dir[i]->sha1;
+}
+
+static struct rerere_dir *find_rerere_dir(const char *hex)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char buf[PATH_MAX];
-	FILE *in = fopen(merge_rr_path, "r");
+	struct rerere_dir *rr_dir;
+	int pos;
+
+	if (get_sha1_hex(hex, sha1))
+		return NULL; /* BUG */
+	pos = sha1_pos(sha1, rerere_dir, rerere_dir_nr, rerere_dir_sha1);
+	if (pos < 0) {
+		rr_dir = xmalloc(sizeof(*rr_dir));
+		hashcpy(rr_dir->sha1, sha1);
+		rr_dir->status = NULL;
+		rr_dir->status_nr = 0;
+		rr_dir->status_alloc = 0;
+		pos = -1 - pos;
+
+		/* Make sure the array is big enough ... */
+		ALLOC_GROW(rerere_dir, rerere_dir_nr + 1, rerere_dir_alloc);
+		/* ... and add it in. */
+		rerere_dir_nr++;
+		MOVE_ARRAY(rerere_dir + pos + 1, rerere_dir + pos,
+			   rerere_dir_nr - pos - 1);
+		rerere_dir[pos] = rr_dir;
+		scan_rerere_dir(rr_dir);
+	}
+	return rerere_dir[pos];
+}
+
+static int has_rerere_resolution(const struct rerere_id *id)
+{
+	const int both = RR_HAS_POSTIMAGE|RR_HAS_PREIMAGE;
+	int variant = id->variant;
+
+	if (variant < 0)
+		return 0;
+	return ((id->collection->status[variant] & both) == both);
+}
+
+static struct rerere_id *new_rerere_id_hex(char *hex)
+{
+	struct rerere_id *id = xmalloc(sizeof(*id));
+	id->collection = find_rerere_dir(hex);
+	id->variant = -1; /* not known yet */
+	return id;
+}
+
+static struct rerere_id *new_rerere_id(unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	return new_rerere_id_hex(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+}
+
+/*
+ * $GIT_DIR/MERGE_RR file is a collection of records, each of which is
+ * "conflict ID", a HT and pathname, terminated with a NUL, and is
+ * used to keep track of the set of paths that "rerere" may need to
+ * work on (i.e. what is left by the previous invocation of "git
+ * rerere" during the current conflict resolution session).
+ */
+static void read_rr(struct string_list *rr)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *in = fopen_or_warn(git_path_merge_rr(the_repository), "r");
+
 	if (!in)
 		return;
-	while (fread(buf, 40, 1, in) == 1) {
-		int i;
-		char *name;
-		if (get_sha1_hex(buf, sha1))
-			die("corrupt MERGE_RR");
-		buf[40] = '\0';
-		name = xstrdup(buf);
-		if (fgetc(in) != '\t')
+	while (!strbuf_getwholeline(&buf, in, '\0')) {
+		char *path;
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct rerere_id *id;
+		int variant;
+
+		/* There has to be the hash, tab, path and then NUL */
+		if (buf.len < 42 || get_sha1_hex(buf.buf, sha1))
 			die("corrupt MERGE_RR");
-		for (i = 0; i < sizeof(buf); i++) {
-			int c = fgetc(in);
-			if (c < 0)
+
+		if (buf.buf[40] != '.') {
+			variant = 0;
+			path = buf.buf + 40;
+		} else {
+			errno = 0;
+			variant = strtol(buf.buf + 41, &path, 10);
+			if (errno)
 				die("corrupt MERGE_RR");
-			buf[i] = c;
-			if (c == 0)
-				 break;
 		}
-		if (i == sizeof(buf))
-			die("filename too long");
-		string_list_insert(rr, buf)->util = name;
+		if (*(path++) != '\t')
+			die("corrupt MERGE_RR");
+		buf.buf[40] = '\0';
+		id = new_rerere_id_hex(buf.buf);
+		id->variant = variant;
+		string_list_insert(rr, path)->util = id;
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	fclose(in);
 }
 
@@ -70,22 +241,49 @@ static int write_rr(struct string_list *rr, int out_fd)
 {
 	int i;
 	for (i = 0; i < rr->nr; i++) {
-		const char *path;
-		int length;
-		if (!rr->items[i].util)
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct rerere_id *id;
+
+		assert(rr->items[i].util != RERERE_RESOLVED);
+
+		id = rr->items[i].util;
+		if (!id)
 			continue;
-		path = rr->items[i].string;
-		length = strlen(path) + 1;
-		if (write_in_full(out_fd, rr->items[i].util, 40) != 40 ||
-		    write_str_in_full(out_fd, "\t") != 1 ||
-		    write_in_full(out_fd, path, length) != length)
+		assert(id->variant >= 0);
+		if (0 < id->variant)
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s.%d\t%s%c",
+				    rerere_id_hex(id), id->variant,
+				    rr->items[i].string, 0);
+		else
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\t%s%c",
+				    rerere_id_hex(id),
+				    rr->items[i].string, 0);
+
+		if (write_in_full(out_fd, buf.buf, buf.len) < 0)
 			die("unable to write rerere record");
+
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	}
 	if (commit_lock_file(&write_lock) != 0)
 		die("unable to write rerere record");
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * "rerere" interacts with conflicted file contents using this I/O
+ * abstraction.  It reads a conflicted contents from one place via
+ * "getline()" method, and optionally can write it out after
+ * normalizing the conflicted hunks to the "output".  Subclasses of
+ * rerere_io embed this structure at the beginning of their own
+ * rerere_io object.
+ */
+struct rerere_io {
+	int (*getline)(struct strbuf *, struct rerere_io *);
+	FILE *output;
+	int wrerror;
+	/* some more stuff */
+};
+
 static void ferr_write(const void *p, size_t count, FILE *fp, int *err)
 {
 	if (!count || *err)
@@ -99,31 +297,34 @@ static inline void ferr_puts(const char *s, FILE *fp, int *err)
 	ferr_write(s, strlen(s), fp, err);
 }
 
-struct rerere_io {
-	int (*getline)(struct strbuf *, struct rerere_io *);
-	FILE *output;
-	int wrerror;
-	/* some more stuff */
-};
-
 static void rerere_io_putstr(const char *str, struct rerere_io *io)
 {
 	if (io->output)
 		ferr_puts(str, io->output, &io->wrerror);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Write a conflict marker to io->output (if defined).
+ */
 static void rerere_io_putconflict(int ch, int size, struct rerere_io *io)
 {
 	char buf[64];
 
 	while (size) {
-		if (size < sizeof(buf) - 2) {
+		if (size <= sizeof(buf) - 2) {
 			memset(buf, ch, size);
 			buf[size] = '\n';
 			buf[size + 1] = '\0';
 			size = 0;
 		} else {
 			int sz = sizeof(buf) - 1;
+
+			/*
+			 * Make sure we will not write everything out
+			 * in this round by leaving at least 1 byte
+			 * for the next round, giving the next round
+			 * a chance to add the terminating LF.  Yuck.
+			 */
 			if (size <= sz)
 				sz -= (sz - size) + 1;
 			memset(buf, ch, sz);
@@ -140,19 +341,42 @@ static void rerere_io_putmem(const char *mem, size_t sz, struct rerere_io *io)
 		ferr_write(mem, sz, io->output, &io->wrerror);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Subclass of rerere_io that reads from an on-disk file
+ */
 struct rerere_io_file {
 	struct rerere_io io;
 	FILE *input;
 };
 
+/*
+ * ... and its getline() method implementation
+ */
 static int rerere_file_getline(struct strbuf *sb, struct rerere_io *io_)
 {
 	struct rerere_io_file *io = (struct rerere_io_file *)io_;
 	return strbuf_getwholeline(sb, io->input, '\n');
 }
 
-static int is_cmarker(char *buf, int marker_char, int marker_size, int want_sp)
+/*
+ * Require the exact number of conflict marker letters, no more, no
+ * less, followed by SP or any whitespace
+ * (including LF).
+ */
+static int is_cmarker(char *buf, int marker_char, int marker_size)
 {
+	int want_sp;
+
+	/*
+	 * The beginning of our version and the end of their version
+	 * always are labeled like "<<<<< ours" or ">>>>> theirs",
+	 * hence we set want_sp for them.  Note that the version from
+	 * the common ancestor in diff3-style output is not always
+	 * labelled (e.g. "||||| common" is often seen but "|||||"
+	 * alone is also valid), so we do not set want_sp.
+	 */
+	want_sp = (marker_char == '<') || (marker_char == '>');
+
 	while (marker_size--)
 		if (*buf++ != marker_char)
 			return 0;
@@ -161,6 +385,21 @@ static int is_cmarker(char *buf, int marker_char, int marker_size, int want_sp)
 	return isspace(*buf);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Read contents a file with conflicts, normalize the conflicts
+ * by (1) discarding the common ancestor version in diff3-style,
+ * (2) reordering our side and their side so that whichever sorts
+ * alphabetically earlier comes before the other one, while
+ * computing the "conflict ID", which is just an SHA-1 hash of
+ * one side of the conflict, NUL, the other side of the conflict,
+ * and NUL concatenated together.
+ *
+ * Return the number of conflict hunks found.
+ *
+ * NEEDSWORK: the logic and theory of operation behind this conflict
+ * normalization may deserve to be documented somewhere, perhaps in
+ * Documentation/technical/rerere.txt.
+ */
 static int handle_path(unsigned char *sha1, struct rerere_io *io, int marker_size)
 {
 	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
@@ -175,19 +414,19 @@ static int handle_path(unsigned char *sha1, struct rerere_io *io, int marker_siz
 		git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
 
 	while (!io->getline(&buf, io)) {
-		if (is_cmarker(buf.buf, '<', marker_size, 1)) {
+		if (is_cmarker(buf.buf, '<', marker_size)) {
 			if (hunk != RR_CONTEXT)
 				goto bad;
 			hunk = RR_SIDE_1;
-		} else if (is_cmarker(buf.buf, '|', marker_size, 0)) {
+		} else if (is_cmarker(buf.buf, '|', marker_size)) {
 			if (hunk != RR_SIDE_1)
 				goto bad;
 			hunk = RR_ORIGINAL;
-		} else if (is_cmarker(buf.buf, '=', marker_size, 0)) {
+		} else if (is_cmarker(buf.buf, '=', marker_size)) {
 			if (hunk != RR_SIDE_1 && hunk != RR_ORIGINAL)
 				goto bad;
 			hunk = RR_SIDE_2;
-		} else if (is_cmarker(buf.buf, '>', marker_size, 1)) {
+		} else if (is_cmarker(buf.buf, '>', marker_size)) {
 			if (hunk != RR_SIDE_2)
 				goto bad;
 			if (strbuf_cmp(&one, &two) > 0)
@@ -231,6 +470,10 @@ static int handle_path(unsigned char *sha1, struct rerere_io *io, int marker_siz
 	return hunk_no;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Scan the path for conflicts, do the "handle_path()" thing above, and
+ * return the number of conflict hunks found.
+ */
 static int handle_file(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1, const char *output)
 {
 	int hunk_no = 0;
@@ -242,13 +485,14 @@ static int handle_file(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1, const char *output
 	io.input = fopen(path, "r");
 	io.io.wrerror = 0;
 	if (!io.input)
-		return error("Could not open %s", path);
+		return error_errno("Could not open %s", path);
 
 	if (output) {
 		io.io.output = fopen(output, "w");
 		if (!io.io.output) {
+			error_errno("Could not write %s", output);
 			fclose(io.input);
-			return error("Could not write %s", output);
+			return -1;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -259,8 +503,7 @@ static int handle_file(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1, const char *output
 		error("There were errors while writing %s (%s)",
 		      path, strerror(io.io.wrerror));
 	if (io.io.output && fclose(io.io.output))
-		io.io.wrerror = error("Failed to flush %s: %s",
-				      path, strerror(errno));
+		io.io.wrerror = error_errno("Failed to flush %s", path);
 
 	if (hunk_no < 0) {
 		if (output)
@@ -272,93 +515,14 @@ static int handle_file(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1, const char *output
 	return hunk_no;
 }
 
-struct rerere_io_mem {
-	struct rerere_io io;
-	struct strbuf input;
-};
-
-static int rerere_mem_getline(struct strbuf *sb, struct rerere_io *io_)
-{
-	struct rerere_io_mem *io = (struct rerere_io_mem *)io_;
-	char *ep;
-	size_t len;
-
-	strbuf_release(sb);
-	if (!io->input.len)
-		return -1;
-	ep = memchr(io->input.buf, '\n', io->input.len);
-	if (!ep)
-		ep = io->input.buf + io->input.len;
-	else if (*ep == '\n')
-		ep++;
-	len = ep - io->input.buf;
-	strbuf_add(sb, io->input.buf, len);
-	strbuf_remove(&io->input, 0, len);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int handle_cache(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1, const char *output)
-{
-	mmfile_t mmfile[3] = {{NULL}};
-	mmbuffer_t result = {NULL, 0};
-	const struct cache_entry *ce;
-	int pos, len, i, hunk_no;
-	struct rerere_io_mem io;
-	int marker_size = ll_merge_marker_size(path);
-
-	/*
-	 * Reproduce the conflicted merge in-core
-	 */
-	len = strlen(path);
-	pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
-	if (0 <= pos)
-		return -1;
-	pos = -pos - 1;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
-		enum object_type type;
-		unsigned long size;
-		int j;
-
-		if (active_nr <= pos)
-			break;
-		ce = active_cache[pos++];
-		if (ce_namelen(ce) != len || memcmp(ce->name, path, len))
-			continue;
-		j = ce_stage(ce) - 1;
-		mmfile[j].ptr = read_sha1_file(ce->sha1, &type, &size);
-		mmfile[j].size = size;
-	}
-	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
-		if (!mmfile[i].ptr && !mmfile[i].size)
-			mmfile[i].ptr = xstrdup("");
-	}
-	/*
-	 * NEEDSWORK: handle conflicts from merges with
-	 * merge.renormalize set, too
-	 */
-	ll_merge(&result, path, &mmfile[0], NULL,
-		 &mmfile[1], "ours",
-		 &mmfile[2], "theirs", NULL);
-	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
-		free(mmfile[i].ptr);
-
-	memset(&io, 0, sizeof(io));
-	io.io.getline = rerere_mem_getline;
-	if (output)
-		io.io.output = fopen(output, "w");
-	else
-		io.io.output = NULL;
-	strbuf_init(&io.input, 0);
-	strbuf_attach(&io.input, result.ptr, result.size, result.size);
-
-	hunk_no = handle_path(sha1, (struct rerere_io *)&io, marker_size);
-	strbuf_release(&io.input);
-	if (io.io.output)
-		fclose(io.io.output);
-	return hunk_no;
-}
-
+/*
+ * Look at a cache entry at "i" and see if it is not conflicting,
+ * conflicting and we are willing to handle, or conflicting and
+ * we are unable to handle, and return the determination in *type.
+ * Return the cache index to be looked at next, by skipping the
+ * stages we have already looked at in this invocation of this
+ * function.
+ */
 static int check_one_conflict(int i, int *type)
 {
 	const struct cache_entry *e = active_cache[i];
@@ -369,10 +533,8 @@ static int check_one_conflict(int i, int *type)
 	}
 
 	*type = PUNTED;
-	if (ce_stage(e) == 1) {
-		if (active_nr <= ++i)
-			return i + 1;
-	}
+	while (ce_stage(active_cache[i]) == 1)
+		i++;
 
 	/* Only handle regular files with both stages #2 and #3 */
 	if (i + 1 < active_nr) {
@@ -392,6 +554,17 @@ static int check_one_conflict(int i, int *type)
 	return i;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Scan the index and find paths that have conflicts that rerere can
+ * handle, i.e. the ones that has both stages #2 and #3.
+ *
+ * NEEDSWORK: we do not record or replay a previous "resolve by
+ * deletion" for a delete-modify conflict, as that is inherently risky
+ * without knowing what modification is being discarded.  The only
+ * safe case, i.e. both side doing the deletion and modification that
+ * are identical to the previous round, might want to be handled,
+ * though.
+ */
 static int find_conflict(struct string_list *conflict)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -408,9 +581,26 @@ static int find_conflict(struct string_list *conflict)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * The merge_rr list is meant to hold outstanding conflicted paths
+ * that rerere could handle.  Abuse the list by adding other types of
+ * entries to allow the caller to show "rerere remaining".
+ *
+ * - Conflicted paths that rerere does not handle are added
+ * - Conflicted paths that have been resolved are marked as such
+ *   by storing RERERE_RESOLVED to .util field (where conflict ID
+ *   is expected to be stored).
+ *
+ * Do *not* write MERGE_RR file out after calling this function.
+ *
+ * NEEDSWORK: we may want to fix the caller that implements "rerere
+ * remaining" to do this without abusing merge_rr.
+ */
 int rerere_remaining(struct string_list *merge_rr)
 {
 	int i;
+	if (setup_rerere(merge_rr, RERERE_READONLY))
+		return 0;
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		return error("Could not read index");
 
@@ -424,7 +614,7 @@ int rerere_remaining(struct string_list *merge_rr)
 			struct string_list_item *it;
 			it = string_list_lookup(merge_rr, (const char *)e->name);
 			if (it != NULL) {
-				free(it->util);
+				free_rerere_id(it);
 				it->util = RERERE_RESOLVED;
 			}
 		}
@@ -432,68 +622,192 @@ int rerere_remaining(struct string_list *merge_rr)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int merge(const char *name, const char *path)
+/*
+ * Try using the given conflict resolution "ID" to see
+ * if that recorded conflict resolves cleanly what we
+ * got in the "cur".
+ */
+static int try_merge(const struct rerere_id *id, const char *path,
+		     mmfile_t *cur, mmbuffer_t *result)
 {
 	int ret;
-	mmfile_t cur = {NULL, 0}, base = {NULL, 0}, other = {NULL, 0};
-	mmbuffer_t result = {NULL, 0};
+	mmfile_t base = {NULL, 0}, other = {NULL, 0};
 
-	if (handle_file(path, NULL, rerere_path(name, "thisimage")) < 0)
-		return 1;
+	if (read_mmfile(&base, rerere_path(id, "preimage")) ||
+	    read_mmfile(&other, rerere_path(id, "postimage")))
+		ret = 1;
+	else
+		/*
+		 * A three-way merge. Note that this honors user-customizable
+		 * low-level merge driver settings.
+		 */
+		ret = ll_merge(result, path, &base, NULL, cur, "", &other, "", NULL);
+
+	free(base.ptr);
+	free(other.ptr);
 
-	if (read_mmfile(&cur, rerere_path(name, "thisimage")) ||
-			read_mmfile(&base, rerere_path(name, "preimage")) ||
-			read_mmfile(&other, rerere_path(name, "postimage"))) {
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find the conflict identified by "id"; the change between its
+ * "preimage" (i.e. a previous contents with conflict markers) and its
+ * "postimage" (i.e. the corresponding contents with conflicts
+ * resolved) may apply cleanly to the contents stored in "path", i.e.
+ * the conflict this time around.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 for successful replay of recorded resolution, or non-zero
+ * for failure.
+ */
+static int merge(const struct rerere_id *id, const char *path)
+{
+	FILE *f;
+	int ret;
+	mmfile_t cur = {NULL, 0};
+	mmbuffer_t result = {NULL, 0};
+
+	/*
+	 * Normalize the conflicts in path and write it out to
+	 * "thisimage" temporary file.
+	 */
+	if ((handle_file(path, NULL, rerere_path(id, "thisimage")) < 0) ||
+	    read_mmfile(&cur, rerere_path(id, "thisimage"))) {
 		ret = 1;
 		goto out;
 	}
-	ret = ll_merge(&result, path, &base, NULL, &cur, "", &other, "", NULL);
-	if (!ret) {
-		FILE *f;
-
-		if (utime(rerere_path(name, "postimage"), NULL) < 0)
-			warning("failed utime() on %s: %s",
-					rerere_path(name, "postimage"),
-					strerror(errno));
-		f = fopen(path, "w");
-		if (!f)
-			return error("Could not open %s: %s", path,
-				     strerror(errno));
-		if (fwrite(result.ptr, result.size, 1, f) != 1)
-			error("Could not write %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
-		if (fclose(f))
-			return error("Writing %s failed: %s", path,
-				     strerror(errno));
-	}
+
+	ret = try_merge(id, path, &cur, &result);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out;
+
+	/*
+	 * A successful replay of recorded resolution.
+	 * Mark that "postimage" was used to help gc.
+	 */
+	if (utime(rerere_path(id, "postimage"), NULL) < 0)
+		warning_errno("failed utime() on %s",
+			      rerere_path(id, "postimage"));
+
+	/* Update "path" with the resolution */
+	f = fopen(path, "w");
+	if (!f)
+		return error_errno("Could not open %s", path);
+	if (fwrite(result.ptr, result.size, 1, f) != 1)
+		error_errno("Could not write %s", path);
+	if (fclose(f))
+		return error_errno("Writing %s failed", path);
 
 out:
 	free(cur.ptr);
-	free(base.ptr);
-	free(other.ptr);
 	free(result.ptr);
 
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static struct lock_file index_lock;
-
 static void update_paths(struct string_list *update)
 {
+	struct lock_file index_lock = LOCK_INIT;
 	int i;
 
-	hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
+	hold_locked_index(&index_lock, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < update->nr; i++) {
 		struct string_list_item *item = &update->items[i];
 		if (add_file_to_cache(item->string, 0))
 			exit(128);
+		fprintf(stderr, "Staged '%s' using previous resolution.\n",
+			item->string);
 	}
 
-	if (active_cache_changed) {
-		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &index_lock, COMMIT_LOCK))
-			die("Unable to write new index file");
-	} else
-		rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &index_lock,
+			       COMMIT_LOCK | SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED))
+		die("Unable to write new index file");
+}
+
+static void remove_variant(struct rerere_id *id)
+{
+	unlink_or_warn(rerere_path(id, "postimage"));
+	unlink_or_warn(rerere_path(id, "preimage"));
+	id->collection->status[id->variant] = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The path indicated by rr_item may still have conflict for which we
+ * have a recorded resolution, in which case replay it and optionally
+ * update it.  Or it may have been resolved by the user and we may
+ * only have the preimage for that conflict, in which case the result
+ * needs to be recorded as a resolution in a postimage file.
+ */
+static void do_rerere_one_path(struct string_list_item *rr_item,
+			       struct string_list *update)
+{
+	const char *path = rr_item->string;
+	struct rerere_id *id = rr_item->util;
+	struct rerere_dir *rr_dir = id->collection;
+	int variant;
+
+	variant = id->variant;
+
+	/* Has the user resolved it already? */
+	if (variant >= 0) {
+		if (!handle_file(path, NULL, NULL)) {
+			copy_file(rerere_path(id, "postimage"), path, 0666);
+			id->collection->status[variant] |= RR_HAS_POSTIMAGE;
+			fprintf(stderr, "Recorded resolution for '%s'.\n", path);
+			free_rerere_id(rr_item);
+			rr_item->util = NULL;
+			return;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * There may be other variants that can cleanly
+		 * replay.  Try them and update the variant number for
+		 * this one.
+		 */
+	}
+
+	/* Does any existing resolution apply cleanly? */
+	for (variant = 0; variant < rr_dir->status_nr; variant++) {
+		const int both = RR_HAS_PREIMAGE | RR_HAS_POSTIMAGE;
+		struct rerere_id vid = *id;
+
+		if ((rr_dir->status[variant] & both) != both)
+			continue;
+
+		vid.variant = variant;
+		if (merge(&vid, path))
+			continue; /* failed to replay */
+
+		/*
+		 * If there already is a different variant that applies
+		 * cleanly, there is no point maintaining our own variant.
+		 */
+		if (0 <= id->variant && id->variant != variant)
+			remove_variant(id);
+
+		if (rerere_autoupdate)
+			string_list_insert(update, path);
+		else
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"Resolved '%s' using previous resolution.\n",
+				path);
+		free_rerere_id(rr_item);
+		rr_item->util = NULL;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* None of the existing one applies; we need a new variant */
+	assign_variant(id);
+
+	variant = id->variant;
+	handle_file(path, NULL, rerere_path(id, "preimage"));
+	if (id->collection->status[variant] & RR_HAS_POSTIMAGE) {
+		const char *path = rerere_path(id, "postimage");
+		if (unlink(path))
+			die_errno("cannot unlink stray '%s'", path);
+		id->collection->status[variant] &= ~RR_HAS_POSTIMAGE;
+	}
+	id->collection->status[variant] |= RR_HAS_PREIMAGE;
+	fprintf(stderr, "Recorded preimage for '%s'\n", path);
 }
 
 static int do_plain_rerere(struct string_list *rr, int fd)
@@ -505,65 +819,39 @@ static int do_plain_rerere(struct string_list *rr, int fd)
 	find_conflict(&conflict);
 
 	/*
-	 * MERGE_RR records paths with conflicts immediately after merge
-	 * failed.  Some of the conflicted paths might have been hand resolved
-	 * in the working tree since then, but the initial run would catch all
-	 * and register their preimages.
+	 * MERGE_RR records paths with conflicts immediately after
+	 * merge failed.  Some of the conflicted paths might have been
+	 * hand resolved in the working tree since then, but the
+	 * initial run would catch all and register their preimages.
 	 */
-
 	for (i = 0; i < conflict.nr; i++) {
+		struct rerere_id *id;
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		const char *path = conflict.items[i].string;
-		if (!string_list_has_string(rr, path)) {
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
-			char *hex;
-			int ret;
-			ret = handle_file(path, sha1, NULL);
-			if (ret < 1)
-				continue;
-			hex = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-			string_list_insert(rr, path)->util = hex;
-			if (mkdir_in_gitdir(git_path("rr-cache/%s", hex)))
-				continue;
-			handle_file(path, NULL, rerere_path(hex, "preimage"));
-			fprintf(stderr, "Recorded preimage for '%s'\n", path);
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Now some of the paths that had conflicts earlier might have been
-	 * hand resolved.  Others may be similar to a conflict already that
-	 * was resolved before.
-	 */
-
-	for (i = 0; i < rr->nr; i++) {
 		int ret;
-		const char *path = rr->items[i].string;
-		const char *name = (const char *)rr->items[i].util;
-
-		if (has_rerere_resolution(name)) {
-			if (!merge(name, path)) {
-				const char *msg;
-				if (rerere_autoupdate) {
-					string_list_insert(&update, path);
-					msg = "Staged '%s' using previous resolution.\n";
-				} else
-					msg = "Resolved '%s' using previous resolution.\n";
-				fprintf(stderr, msg, path);
-				goto mark_resolved;
-			}
-		}
 
-		/* Let's see if we have resolved it. */
-		ret = handle_file(path, NULL, NULL);
-		if (ret)
+		if (string_list_has_string(rr, path))
 			continue;
 
-		fprintf(stderr, "Recorded resolution for '%s'.\n", path);
-		copy_file(rerere_path(name, "postimage"), path, 0666);
-	mark_resolved:
-		rr->items[i].util = NULL;
+		/*
+		 * Ask handle_file() to scan and assign a
+		 * conflict ID.  No need to write anything out
+		 * yet.
+		 */
+		ret = handle_file(path, sha1, NULL);
+		if (ret < 1)
+			continue;
+
+		id = new_rerere_id(sha1);
+		string_list_insert(rr, path)->util = id;
+
+		/* Ensure that the directory exists. */
+		mkdir_in_gitdir(rerere_path(id, NULL));
 	}
 
+	for (i = 0; i < rr->nr; i++)
+		do_rerere_one_path(&rr->items[i], &update);
+
 	if (update.nr)
 		update_paths(&update);
 
@@ -577,21 +865,21 @@ static void git_rerere_config(void)
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 }
 
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_rr_cache, "rr-cache")
+
 static int is_rerere_enabled(void)
 {
-	const char *rr_cache;
 	int rr_cache_exists;
 
 	if (!rerere_enabled)
 		return 0;
 
-	rr_cache = git_path("rr-cache");
-	rr_cache_exists = is_directory(rr_cache);
+	rr_cache_exists = is_directory(git_path_rr_cache());
 	if (rerere_enabled < 0)
 		return rr_cache_exists;
 
-	if (!rr_cache_exists && mkdir_in_gitdir(rr_cache))
-		die("Could not create directory %s", rr_cache);
+	if (!rr_cache_exists && mkdir_in_gitdir(git_path_rr_cache()))
+		die("Could not create directory %s", git_path_rr_cache());
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -605,48 +893,209 @@ int setup_rerere(struct string_list *merge_rr, int flags)
 
 	if (flags & (RERERE_AUTOUPDATE|RERERE_NOAUTOUPDATE))
 		rerere_autoupdate = !!(flags & RERERE_AUTOUPDATE);
-	merge_rr_path = git_pathdup("MERGE_RR");
-	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&write_lock, merge_rr_path,
-				       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	if (flags & RERERE_READONLY)
+		fd = 0;
+	else
+		fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&write_lock,
+					       git_path_merge_rr(the_repository),
+					       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 	read_rr(merge_rr);
 	return fd;
 }
 
+/*
+ * The main entry point that is called internally from codepaths that
+ * perform mergy operations, possibly leaving conflicted index entries
+ * and working tree files.
+ */
 int rerere(int flags)
 {
 	struct string_list merge_rr = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
-	int fd;
+	int fd, status;
 
 	fd = setup_rerere(&merge_rr, flags);
 	if (fd < 0)
 		return 0;
-	return do_plain_rerere(&merge_rr, fd);
+	status = do_plain_rerere(&merge_rr, fd);
+	free_rerere_dirs();
+	return status;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Subclass of rerere_io that reads from an in-core buffer that is a
+ * strbuf
+ */
+struct rerere_io_mem {
+	struct rerere_io io;
+	struct strbuf input;
+};
+
+/*
+ * ... and its getline() method implementation
+ */
+static int rerere_mem_getline(struct strbuf *sb, struct rerere_io *io_)
+{
+	struct rerere_io_mem *io = (struct rerere_io_mem *)io_;
+	char *ep;
+	size_t len;
+
+	strbuf_release(sb);
+	if (!io->input.len)
+		return -1;
+	ep = memchr(io->input.buf, '\n', io->input.len);
+	if (!ep)
+		ep = io->input.buf + io->input.len;
+	else if (*ep == '\n')
+		ep++;
+	len = ep - io->input.buf;
+	strbuf_add(sb, io->input.buf, len);
+	strbuf_remove(&io->input, 0, len);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int handle_cache(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1, const char *output)
+{
+	mmfile_t mmfile[3] = {{NULL}};
+	mmbuffer_t result = {NULL, 0};
+	const struct cache_entry *ce;
+	int pos, len, i, hunk_no;
+	struct rerere_io_mem io;
+	int marker_size = ll_merge_marker_size(path);
+
+	/*
+	 * Reproduce the conflicted merge in-core
+	 */
+	len = strlen(path);
+	pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
+	if (0 <= pos)
+		return -1;
+	pos = -pos - 1;
+
+	while (pos < active_nr) {
+		enum object_type type;
+		unsigned long size;
+
+		ce = active_cache[pos++];
+		if (ce_namelen(ce) != len || memcmp(ce->name, path, len))
+			break;
+		i = ce_stage(ce) - 1;
+		if (!mmfile[i].ptr) {
+			mmfile[i].ptr = read_object_file(&ce->oid, &type,
+							 &size);
+			mmfile[i].size = size;
+		}
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
+		if (!mmfile[i].ptr && !mmfile[i].size)
+			mmfile[i].ptr = xstrdup("");
+
+	/*
+	 * NEEDSWORK: handle conflicts from merges with
+	 * merge.renormalize set, too?
+	 */
+	ll_merge(&result, path, &mmfile[0], NULL,
+		 &mmfile[1], "ours",
+		 &mmfile[2], "theirs", NULL);
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
+		free(mmfile[i].ptr);
+
+	memset(&io, 0, sizeof(io));
+	io.io.getline = rerere_mem_getline;
+	if (output)
+		io.io.output = fopen(output, "w");
+	else
+		io.io.output = NULL;
+	strbuf_init(&io.input, 0);
+	strbuf_attach(&io.input, result.ptr, result.size, result.size);
+
+	/*
+	 * Grab the conflict ID and optionally write the original
+	 * contents with conflict markers out.
+	 */
+	hunk_no = handle_path(sha1, (struct rerere_io *)&io, marker_size);
+	strbuf_release(&io.input);
+	if (io.io.output)
+		fclose(io.io.output);
+	return hunk_no;
 }
 
 static int rerere_forget_one_path(const char *path, struct string_list *rr)
 {
 	const char *filename;
-	char *hex;
+	struct rerere_id *id;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	int ret;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
 
+	/*
+	 * Recreate the original conflict from the stages in the
+	 * index and compute the conflict ID
+	 */
 	ret = handle_cache(path, sha1, NULL);
 	if (ret < 1)
 		return error("Could not parse conflict hunks in '%s'", path);
-	hex = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	filename = rerere_path(hex, "postimage");
-	if (unlink(filename))
-		return (errno == ENOENT
-			? error("no remembered resolution for %s", path)
-			: error("cannot unlink %s: %s", filename, strerror(errno)));
-
-	handle_cache(path, sha1, rerere_path(hex, "preimage"));
-	fprintf(stderr, "Updated preimage for '%s'\n", path);
 
+	/* Nuke the recorded resolution for the conflict */
+	id = new_rerere_id(sha1);
+
+	for (id->variant = 0;
+	     id->variant < id->collection->status_nr;
+	     id->variant++) {
+		mmfile_t cur = { NULL, 0 };
+		mmbuffer_t result = {NULL, 0};
+		int cleanly_resolved;
+
+		if (!has_rerere_resolution(id))
+			continue;
+
+		handle_cache(path, sha1, rerere_path(id, "thisimage"));
+		if (read_mmfile(&cur, rerere_path(id, "thisimage"))) {
+			free(cur.ptr);
+			error("Failed to update conflicted state in '%s'", path);
+			goto fail_exit;
+		}
+		cleanly_resolved = !try_merge(id, path, &cur, &result);
+		free(result.ptr);
+		free(cur.ptr);
+		if (cleanly_resolved)
+			break;
+	}
 
-	string_list_insert(rr, path)->util = hex;
+	if (id->collection->status_nr <= id->variant) {
+		error("no remembered resolution for '%s'", path);
+		goto fail_exit;
+	}
+
+	filename = rerere_path(id, "postimage");
+	if (unlink(filename)) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT)
+			error("no remembered resolution for %s", path);
+		else
+			error_errno("cannot unlink %s", filename);
+		goto fail_exit;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Update the preimage so that the user can resolve the
+	 * conflict in the working tree, run us again to record
+	 * the postimage.
+	 */
+	handle_cache(path, sha1, rerere_path(id, "preimage"));
+	fprintf(stderr, "Updated preimage for '%s'\n", path);
+
+	/*
+	 * And remember that we can record resolution for this
+	 * conflict when the user is done.
+	 */
+	item = string_list_insert(rr, path);
+	free_rerere_id(item);
+	item->util = id;
 	fprintf(stderr, "Forgot resolution for %s\n", path);
 	return 0;
+
+fail_exit:
+	free(id);
+	return -1;
 }
 
 int rerere_forget(struct pathspec *pathspec)
@@ -659,12 +1108,19 @@ int rerere_forget(struct pathspec *pathspec)
 		return error("Could not read index");
 
 	fd = setup_rerere(&merge_rr, RERERE_NOAUTOUPDATE);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return 0;
 
+	/*
+	 * The paths may have been resolved (incorrectly);
+	 * recover the original conflicted state and then
+	 * find the conflicted paths.
+	 */
 	unmerge_cache(pathspec);
 	find_conflict(&conflict);
 	for (i = 0; i < conflict.nr; i++) {
 		struct string_list_item *it = &conflict.items[i];
-		if (!match_pathspec(pathspec, it->string,
+		if (!match_pathspec(&the_index, pathspec, it->string,
 				    strlen(it->string), 0, NULL, 0))
 			continue;
 		rerere_forget_one_path(it->string, &merge_rr);
@@ -672,24 +1128,51 @@ int rerere_forget(struct pathspec *pathspec)
 	return write_rr(&merge_rr, fd);
 }
 
-static time_t rerere_created_at(const char *name)
+/*
+ * Garbage collection support
+ */
+
+static timestamp_t rerere_created_at(struct rerere_id *id)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	return stat(rerere_path(name, "preimage"), &st) ? (time_t) 0 : st.st_mtime;
+
+	return stat(rerere_path(id, "preimage"), &st) ? (time_t) 0 : st.st_mtime;
 }
 
-static time_t rerere_last_used_at(const char *name)
+static timestamp_t rerere_last_used_at(struct rerere_id *id)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	return stat(rerere_path(name, "postimage"), &st) ? (time_t) 0 : st.st_mtime;
+
+	return stat(rerere_path(id, "postimage"), &st) ? (time_t) 0 : st.st_mtime;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Remove the recorded resolution for a given conflict ID
+ */
+static void unlink_rr_item(struct rerere_id *id)
+{
+	unlink_or_warn(rerere_path(id, "thisimage"));
+	remove_variant(id);
+	id->collection->status[id->variant] = 0;
 }
 
-static void unlink_rr_item(const char *name)
+static void prune_one(struct rerere_id *id,
+		      timestamp_t cutoff_resolve, timestamp_t cutoff_noresolve)
 {
-	unlink(rerere_path(name, "thisimage"));
-	unlink(rerere_path(name, "preimage"));
-	unlink(rerere_path(name, "postimage"));
-	rmdir(git_path("rr-cache/%s", name));
+	timestamp_t then;
+	timestamp_t cutoff;
+
+	then = rerere_last_used_at(id);
+	if (then)
+		cutoff = cutoff_resolve;
+	else {
+		then = rerere_created_at(id);
+		if (!then)
+			return;
+		cutoff = cutoff_noresolve;
+	}
+	if (then < cutoff)
+		unlink_rr_item(id);
 }
 
 void rerere_gc(struct string_list *rr)
@@ -697,47 +1180,73 @@ void rerere_gc(struct string_list *rr)
 	struct string_list to_remove = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	DIR *dir;
 	struct dirent *e;
-	int i, cutoff;
-	time_t now = time(NULL), then;
-	int cutoff_noresolve = 15;
-	int cutoff_resolve = 60;
+	int i;
+	timestamp_t now = time(NULL);
+	timestamp_t cutoff_noresolve = now - 15 * 86400;
+	timestamp_t cutoff_resolve = now - 60 * 86400;
+
+	if (setup_rerere(rr, 0) < 0)
+		return;
 
-	git_config_get_int("gc.rerereresolved", &cutoff_resolve);
-	git_config_get_int("gc.rerereunresolved", &cutoff_noresolve);
+	git_config_get_expiry_in_days("gc.rerereresolved", &cutoff_resolve, now);
+	git_config_get_expiry_in_days("gc.rerereunresolved", &cutoff_noresolve, now);
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	dir = opendir(git_path("rr-cache"));
 	if (!dir)
 		die_errno("unable to open rr-cache directory");
+	/* Collect stale conflict IDs ... */
 	while ((e = readdir(dir))) {
+		struct rerere_dir *rr_dir;
+		struct rerere_id id;
+		int now_empty;
+
 		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(e->d_name))
 			continue;
-
-		then = rerere_last_used_at(e->d_name);
-		if (then) {
-			cutoff = cutoff_resolve;
-		} else {
-			then = rerere_created_at(e->d_name);
-			if (!then)
-				continue;
-			cutoff = cutoff_noresolve;
+		rr_dir = find_rerere_dir(e->d_name);
+		if (!rr_dir)
+			continue; /* or should we remove e->d_name? */
+
+		now_empty = 1;
+		for (id.variant = 0, id.collection = rr_dir;
+		     id.variant < id.collection->status_nr;
+		     id.variant++) {
+			prune_one(&id, cutoff_resolve, cutoff_noresolve);
+			if (id.collection->status[id.variant])
+				now_empty = 0;
 		}
-		if (then < now - cutoff * 86400)
+		if (now_empty)
 			string_list_append(&to_remove, e->d_name);
 	}
 	closedir(dir);
+
+	/* ... and then remove the empty directories */
 	for (i = 0; i < to_remove.nr; i++)
-		unlink_rr_item(to_remove.items[i].string);
+		rmdir(git_path("rr-cache/%s", to_remove.items[i].string));
 	string_list_clear(&to_remove, 0);
+	rollback_lock_file(&write_lock);
 }
 
+/*
+ * During a conflict resolution, after "rerere" recorded the
+ * preimages, abandon them if the user did not resolve them or
+ * record their resolutions.  And drop $GIT_DIR/MERGE_RR.
+ *
+ * NEEDSWORK: shouldn't we be calling this from "reset --hard"?
+ */
 void rerere_clear(struct string_list *merge_rr)
 {
 	int i;
 
+	if (setup_rerere(merge_rr, 0) < 0)
+		return;
+
 	for (i = 0; i < merge_rr->nr; i++) {
-		const char *name = (const char *)merge_rr->items[i].util;
-		if (!has_rerere_resolution(name))
-			unlink_rr_item(name);
+		struct rerere_id *id = merge_rr->items[i].util;
+		if (!has_rerere_resolution(id)) {
+			unlink_rr_item(id);
+			rmdir(rerere_path(id, NULL));
+		}
 	}
-	unlink_or_warn(git_path("MERGE_RR"));
+	unlink_or_warn(git_path_merge_rr(the_repository));
+	rollback_lock_file(&write_lock);
 }
diff --git a/rerere.h b/rerere.h
index 2956c2edf2..cd948f28f4 100644
--- a/rerere.h
+++ b/rerere.h
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ struct pathspec;
 
 #define RERERE_AUTOUPDATE   01
 #define RERERE_NOAUTOUPDATE 02
+#define RERERE_READONLY     04
 
 /*
  * Marks paths that have been hand-resolved and added to the
@@ -15,13 +16,25 @@ struct pathspec;
  */
 extern void *RERERE_RESOLVED;
 
-extern int setup_rerere(struct string_list *, int);
-extern int rerere(int);
-extern const char *rerere_path(const char *hex, const char *file);
-extern int rerere_forget(struct pathspec *);
-extern int rerere_remaining(struct string_list *);
-extern void rerere_clear(struct string_list *);
-extern void rerere_gc(struct string_list *);
+struct rerere_dir;
+struct rerere_id {
+	struct rerere_dir *collection;
+	int variant;
+};
+
+int setup_rerere(struct string_list *, int);
+int rerere(int);
+/*
+ * Given the conflict ID and the name of a "file" used for replaying
+ * the recorded resolution (e.g. "preimage", "postimage"), return the
+ * path to that filesystem entity.  With "file" specified with NULL,
+ * return the path to the directory that houses these files.
+ */
+const char *rerere_path(const struct rerere_id *, const char *file);
+int rerere_forget(struct pathspec *);
+int rerere_remaining(struct string_list *);
+void rerere_clear(struct string_list *);
+void rerere_gc(struct string_list *);
 
 #define OPT_RERERE_AUTOUPDATE(v) OPT_UYN(0, "rerere-autoupdate", (v), \
 	N_("update the index with reused conflict resolution if possible"))
diff --git a/resolve-undo.c b/resolve-undo.c
index 468a2eb92c..236320f179 100644
--- a/resolve-undo.c
+++ b/resolve-undo.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ void record_resolve_undo(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce)
 	if (!lost->util)
 		lost->util = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ui));
 	ui = lost->util;
-	hashcpy(ui->sha1[stage - 1], ce->sha1);
+	oidcpy(&ui->oid[stage - 1], &ce->oid);
 	ui->mode[stage - 1] = ce->ce_mode;
 }
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ void resolve_undo_write(struct strbuf *sb, struct string_list *resolve_undo)
 		for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
 			if (!ui->mode[i])
 				continue;
-			strbuf_add(sb, ui->sha1[i], 20);
+			strbuf_add(sb, ui->oid[i].hash, the_hash_algo->rawsz);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ struct string_list *resolve_undo_read(const char *data, unsigned long size)
 	size_t len;
 	char *endptr;
 	int i;
+	const unsigned rawsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
 
 	resolve_undo = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*resolve_undo));
 	resolve_undo->strdup_strings = 1;
@@ -87,11 +88,11 @@ struct string_list *resolve_undo_read(const char *data, unsigned long size)
 		for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
 			if (!ui->mode[i])
 				continue;
-			if (size < 20)
+			if (size < rawsz)
 				goto error;
-			hashcpy(ui->sha1[i], (const unsigned char *)data);
-			size -= 20;
-			data += 20;
+			oidread(&ui->oid[i], (const unsigned char *)data);
+			size -= rawsz;
+			data += rawsz;
 		}
 	}
 	return resolve_undo;
@@ -145,7 +146,9 @@ int unmerge_index_entry_at(struct index_state *istate, int pos)
 		struct cache_entry *nce;
 		if (!ru->mode[i])
 			continue;
-		nce = make_cache_entry(ru->mode[i], ru->sha1[i],
+		nce = make_cache_entry(istate,
+				       ru->mode[i],
+				       &ru->oid[i],
 				       name, i + 1, 0);
 		if (matched)
 			nce->ce_flags |= CE_MATCHED;
@@ -185,7 +188,7 @@ void unmerge_index(struct index_state *istate, const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 
 	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
 		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
-		if (!ce_path_match(ce, pathspec, NULL))
+		if (!ce_path_match(istate, ce, pathspec, NULL))
 			continue;
 		i = unmerge_index_entry_at(istate, i);
 	}
diff --git a/resolve-undo.h b/resolve-undo.h
index 46306455ed..fbe348efac 100644
--- a/resolve-undo.h
+++ b/resolve-undo.h
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 #ifndef RESOLVE_UNDO_H
 #define RESOLVE_UNDO_H
 
+#include "cache.h"
+
 struct resolve_undo_info {
 	unsigned int mode[3];
-	unsigned char sha1[3][20];
+	struct object_id oid[3];
 };
 
 extern void record_resolve_undo(struct index_state *, struct cache_entry *);
diff --git a/revision.c b/revision.c
index 66520c671e..de4dce600d 100644
--- a/revision.c
+++ b/revision.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "tree.h"
@@ -6,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "revision.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "graph.h"
 #include "grep.h"
 #include "reflog-walk.h"
@@ -18,72 +20,25 @@
 #include "commit-slab.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
+#include "bisect.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "worktree.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
 
 volatile show_early_output_fn_t show_early_output;
 
-char *path_name(const struct name_path *path, const char *name)
-{
-	const struct name_path *p;
-	char *n, *m;
-	int nlen = strlen(name);
-	int len = nlen + 1;
-
-	for (p = path; p; p = p->up) {
-		if (p->elem_len)
-			len += p->elem_len + 1;
-	}
-	n = xmalloc(len);
-	m = n + len - (nlen + 1);
-	strcpy(m, name);
-	for (p = path; p; p = p->up) {
-		if (p->elem_len) {
-			m -= p->elem_len + 1;
-			memcpy(m, p->elem, p->elem_len);
-			m[p->elem_len] = '/';
-		}
-	}
-	return n;
-}
+static const char *term_bad;
+static const char *term_good;
 
-static int show_path_component_truncated(FILE *out, const char *name, int len)
-{
-	int cnt;
-	for (cnt = 0; cnt < len; cnt++) {
-		int ch = name[cnt];
-		if (!ch || ch == '\n')
-			return -1;
-		fputc(ch, out);
-	}
-	return len;
-}
+implement_shared_commit_slab(revision_sources, char *);
 
-static int show_path_truncated(FILE *out, const struct name_path *path)
+void show_object_with_name(FILE *out, struct object *obj, const char *name)
 {
-	int emitted, ours;
+	const char *p;
 
-	if (!path)
-		return 0;
-	emitted = show_path_truncated(out, path->up);
-	if (emitted < 0)
-		return emitted;
-	if (emitted)
-		fputc('/', out);
-	ours = show_path_component_truncated(out, path->elem, path->elem_len);
-	if (ours < 0)
-		return ours;
-	return ours || emitted;
-}
-
-void show_object_with_name(FILE *out, struct object *obj,
-			   const struct name_path *path, const char *component)
-{
-	struct name_path leaf;
-	leaf.up = (struct name_path *)path;
-	leaf.elem = component;
-	leaf.elem_len = strlen(component);
-
-	fprintf(out, "%s ", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
-	show_path_truncated(out, &leaf);
+	fprintf(out, "%s ", oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
+	for (p = name; *p && *p != '\n'; p++)
+		fputc(*p, out);
 	fputc('\n', out);
 }
 
@@ -100,21 +55,18 @@ static void mark_tree_contents_uninteresting(struct tree *tree)
 {
 	struct tree_desc desc;
 	struct name_entry entry;
-	struct object *obj = &tree->object;
 
-	if (!has_sha1_file(obj->sha1))
+	if (parse_tree_gently(tree, 1) < 0)
 		return;
-	if (parse_tree(tree) < 0)
-		die("bad tree %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 
 	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
 		switch (object_type(entry.mode)) {
 		case OBJ_TREE:
-			mark_tree_uninteresting(lookup_tree(entry.sha1));
+			mark_tree_uninteresting(lookup_tree(the_repository, entry.oid));
 			break;
 		case OBJ_BLOB:
-			mark_blob_uninteresting(lookup_blob(entry.sha1));
+			mark_blob_uninteresting(lookup_blob(the_repository, entry.oid));
 			break;
 		default:
 			/* Subproject commit - not in this repository */
@@ -131,62 +83,75 @@ static void mark_tree_contents_uninteresting(struct tree *tree)
 
 void mark_tree_uninteresting(struct tree *tree)
 {
-	struct object *obj = &tree->object;
+	struct object *obj;
 
 	if (!tree)
 		return;
+
+	obj = &tree->object;
 	if (obj->flags & UNINTERESTING)
 		return;
 	obj->flags |= UNINTERESTING;
 	mark_tree_contents_uninteresting(tree);
 }
 
-void mark_parents_uninteresting(struct commit *commit)
+struct commit_stack {
+	struct commit **items;
+	size_t nr, alloc;
+};
+#define COMMIT_STACK_INIT { NULL, 0, 0 }
+
+static void commit_stack_push(struct commit_stack *stack, struct commit *commit)
 {
-	struct commit_list *parents = NULL, *l;
+	ALLOC_GROW(stack->items, stack->nr + 1, stack->alloc);
+	stack->items[stack->nr++] = commit;
+}
 
-	for (l = commit->parents; l; l = l->next)
-		commit_list_insert(l->item, &parents);
+static struct commit *commit_stack_pop(struct commit_stack *stack)
+{
+	return stack->nr ? stack->items[--stack->nr] : NULL;
+}
 
-	while (parents) {
-		struct commit *commit = parents->item;
-		l = parents;
-		parents = parents->next;
-		free(l);
+static void commit_stack_clear(struct commit_stack *stack)
+{
+	FREE_AND_NULL(stack->items);
+	stack->nr = stack->alloc = 0;
+}
 
-		while (commit) {
-			/*
-			 * A missing commit is ok iff its parent is marked
-			 * uninteresting.
-			 *
-			 * We just mark such a thing parsed, so that when
-			 * it is popped next time around, we won't be trying
-			 * to parse it and get an error.
-			 */
-			if (!has_sha1_file(commit->object.sha1))
-				commit->object.parsed = 1;
+static void mark_one_parent_uninteresting(struct commit *commit,
+					  struct commit_stack *pending)
+{
+	struct commit_list *l;
 
-			if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
-				break;
+	if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
+		return;
+	commit->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
 
-			commit->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+	/*
+	 * Normally we haven't parsed the parent
+	 * yet, so we won't have a parent of a parent
+	 * here. However, it may turn out that we've
+	 * reached this commit some other way (where it
+	 * wasn't uninteresting), in which case we need
+	 * to mark its parents recursively too..
+	 */
+	for (l = commit->parents; l; l = l->next)
+		commit_stack_push(pending, l->item);
+}
 
-			/*
-			 * Normally we haven't parsed the parent
-			 * yet, so we won't have a parent of a parent
-			 * here. However, it may turn out that we've
-			 * reached this commit some other way (where it
-			 * wasn't uninteresting), in which case we need
-			 * to mark its parents recursively too..
-			 */
-			if (!commit->parents)
-				break;
+void mark_parents_uninteresting(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct commit_stack pending = COMMIT_STACK_INIT;
+	struct commit_list *l;
 
-			for (l = commit->parents->next; l; l = l->next)
-				commit_list_insert(l->item, &parents);
-			commit = commit->parents->item;
-		}
-	}
+	for (l = commit->parents; l; l = l->next)
+		mark_one_parent_uninteresting(l->item, &pending);
+
+	while (pending.nr > 0)
+		mark_one_parent_uninteresting(commit_stack_pop(&pending),
+					      &pending);
+
+	commit_stack_clear(&pending);
 }
 
 static void add_pending_object_with_path(struct rev_info *revs,
@@ -200,18 +165,17 @@ static void add_pending_object_with_path(struct rev_info *revs,
 		revs->no_walk = 0;
 	if (revs->reflog_info && obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-		int len = interpret_branch_name(name, 0, &buf);
-		int st;
+		int len = interpret_branch_name(name, 0, &buf, 0);
 
 		if (0 < len && name[len] && buf.len)
 			strbuf_addstr(&buf, name + len);
-		st = add_reflog_for_walk(revs->reflog_info,
-					 (struct commit *)obj,
-					 buf.buf[0] ? buf.buf: name);
+		add_reflog_for_walk(revs->reflog_info,
+				    (struct commit *)obj,
+				    buf.buf[0] ? buf.buf: name);
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
-		if (st)
-			return;
+		return; /* do not add the commit itself */
 	}
+	obj->flags |= USER_GIVEN;
 	add_object_array_with_path(obj, name, &revs->pending, mode, path);
 }
 
@@ -230,36 +194,38 @@ void add_pending_object(struct rev_info *revs,
 
 void add_head_to_pending(struct rev_info *revs)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct object *obj;
-	if (get_sha1("HEAD", sha1))
+	if (get_oid("HEAD", &oid))
 		return;
-	obj = parse_object(sha1);
+	obj = parse_object(the_repository, &oid);
 	if (!obj)
 		return;
 	add_pending_object(revs, obj, "HEAD");
 }
 
 static struct object *get_reference(struct rev_info *revs, const char *name,
-				    const unsigned char *sha1,
+				    const struct object_id *oid,
 				    unsigned int flags)
 {
 	struct object *object;
 
-	object = parse_object(sha1);
+	object = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
 	if (!object) {
 		if (revs->ignore_missing)
 			return object;
+		if (revs->exclude_promisor_objects && is_promisor_object(oid))
+			return NULL;
 		die("bad object %s", name);
 	}
 	object->flags |= flags;
 	return object;
 }
 
-void add_pending_sha1(struct rev_info *revs, const char *name,
-		      const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned int flags)
+void add_pending_oid(struct rev_info *revs, const char *name,
+		      const struct object_id *oid, unsigned int flags)
 {
-	struct object *object = get_reference(revs, name, sha1, flags);
+	struct object *object = get_reference(revs, name, oid, flags);
 	add_pending_object(revs, object, name);
 }
 
@@ -281,19 +247,21 @@ static struct commit *handle_commit(struct rev_info *revs,
 			add_pending_object(revs, object, tag->tag);
 		if (!tag->tagged)
 			die("bad tag");
-		object = parse_object(tag->tagged->sha1);
+		object = parse_object(the_repository, &tag->tagged->oid);
 		if (!object) {
-			if (flags & UNINTERESTING)
+			if (revs->ignore_missing_links || (flags & UNINTERESTING))
+				return NULL;
+			if (revs->exclude_promisor_objects &&
+			    is_promisor_object(&tag->tagged->oid))
 				return NULL;
-			die("bad object %s", sha1_to_hex(tag->tagged->sha1));
+			die("bad object %s", oid_to_hex(&tag->tagged->oid));
 		}
 		object->flags |= flags;
 		/*
 		 * We'll handle the tagged object by looping or dropping
 		 * through to the non-tag handlers below. Do not
-		 * propagate data from the tag's pending entry.
+		 * propagate path data from the tag's pending entry.
 		 */
-		name = "";
 		path = NULL;
 		mode = 0;
 	}
@@ -304,14 +272,19 @@ static struct commit *handle_commit(struct rev_info *revs,
 	 */
 	if (object->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
 		struct commit *commit = (struct commit *)object;
+
 		if (parse_commit(commit) < 0)
 			die("unable to parse commit %s", name);
 		if (flags & UNINTERESTING) {
 			mark_parents_uninteresting(commit);
 			revs->limited = 1;
 		}
-		if (revs->show_source && !commit->util)
-			commit->util = xstrdup(name);
+		if (revs->sources) {
+			char **slot = revision_sources_at(revs->sources, commit);
+
+			if (!*slot)
+				*slot = xstrdup(name);
+		}
 		return commit;
 	}
 
@@ -345,14 +318,24 @@ static struct commit *handle_commit(struct rev_info *revs,
 	die("%s is unknown object", name);
 }
 
-static int everybody_uninteresting(struct commit_list *orig)
+static int everybody_uninteresting(struct commit_list *orig,
+				   struct commit **interesting_cache)
 {
 	struct commit_list *list = orig;
+
+	if (*interesting_cache) {
+		struct commit *commit = *interesting_cache;
+		if (!(commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING))
+			return 0;
+	}
+
 	while (list) {
 		struct commit *commit = list->item;
 		list = list->next;
 		if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
 			continue;
+
+		*interesting_cache = commit;
 		return 0;
 	}
 	return 1;
@@ -438,41 +421,50 @@ static struct commit *one_relevant_parent(const struct rev_info *revs,
  * if the whole diff is removal of old data, and otherwise
  * REV_TREE_DIFFERENT (of course if the trees are the same we
  * want REV_TREE_SAME).
- * That means that once we get to REV_TREE_DIFFERENT, we do not
- * have to look any further.
+ *
+ * The only time we care about the distinction is when
+ * remove_empty_trees is in effect, in which case we care only about
+ * whether the whole change is REV_TREE_NEW, or if there's another type
+ * of change. Which means we can stop the diff early in either of these
+ * cases:
+ *
+ *   1. We're not using remove_empty_trees at all.
+ *
+ *   2. We saw anything except REV_TREE_NEW.
  */
 static int tree_difference = REV_TREE_SAME;
 
 static void file_add_remove(struct diff_options *options,
 		    int addremove, unsigned mode,
-		    const unsigned char *sha1,
-		    int sha1_valid,
+		    const struct object_id *oid,
+		    int oid_valid,
 		    const char *fullpath, unsigned dirty_submodule)
 {
 	int diff = addremove == '+' ? REV_TREE_NEW : REV_TREE_OLD;
+	struct rev_info *revs = options->change_fn_data;
 
 	tree_difference |= diff;
-	if (tree_difference == REV_TREE_DIFFERENT)
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, HAS_CHANGES);
+	if (!revs->remove_empty_trees || tree_difference != REV_TREE_NEW)
+		options->flags.has_changes = 1;
 }
 
 static void file_change(struct diff_options *options,
 		 unsigned old_mode, unsigned new_mode,
-		 const unsigned char *old_sha1,
-		 const unsigned char *new_sha1,
-		 int old_sha1_valid, int new_sha1_valid,
+		 const struct object_id *old_oid,
+		 const struct object_id *new_oid,
+		 int old_oid_valid, int new_oid_valid,
 		 const char *fullpath,
 		 unsigned old_dirty_submodule, unsigned new_dirty_submodule)
 {
 	tree_difference = REV_TREE_DIFFERENT;
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(options, HAS_CHANGES);
+	options->flags.has_changes = 1;
 }
 
 static int rev_compare_tree(struct rev_info *revs,
 			    struct commit *parent, struct commit *commit)
 {
-	struct tree *t1 = parent->tree;
-	struct tree *t2 = commit->tree;
+	struct tree *t1 = get_commit_tree(parent);
+	struct tree *t2 = get_commit_tree(commit);
 
 	if (!t1)
 		return REV_TREE_NEW;
@@ -498,8 +490,8 @@ static int rev_compare_tree(struct rev_info *revs,
 	}
 
 	tree_difference = REV_TREE_SAME;
-	DIFF_OPT_CLR(&revs->pruning, HAS_CHANGES);
-	if (diff_tree_sha1(t1->object.sha1, t2->object.sha1, "",
+	revs->pruning.flags.has_changes = 0;
+	if (diff_tree_oid(&t1->object.oid, &t2->object.oid, "",
 			   &revs->pruning) < 0)
 		return REV_TREE_DIFFERENT;
 	return tree_difference;
@@ -508,14 +500,14 @@ static int rev_compare_tree(struct rev_info *revs,
 static int rev_same_tree_as_empty(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 {
 	int retval;
-	struct tree *t1 = commit->tree;
+	struct tree *t1 = get_commit_tree(commit);
 
 	if (!t1)
 		return 0;
 
 	tree_difference = REV_TREE_SAME;
-	DIFF_OPT_CLR(&revs->pruning, HAS_CHANGES);
-	retval = diff_tree_sha1(NULL, t1->object.sha1, "", &revs->pruning);
+	revs->pruning.flags.has_changes = 0;
+	retval = diff_tree_oid(NULL, &t1->object.oid, "", &revs->pruning);
 
 	return retval >= 0 && (tree_difference == REV_TREE_SAME);
 }
@@ -528,7 +520,7 @@ struct treesame_state {
 static struct treesame_state *initialise_treesame(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 {
 	unsigned n = commit_list_count(commit->parents);
-	struct treesame_state *st = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*st) + n);
+	struct treesame_state *st = xcalloc(1, st_add(sizeof(*st), n));
 	st->nparents = n;
 	add_decoration(&revs->treesame, &commit->object, st);
 	return st;
@@ -599,7 +591,7 @@ static unsigned update_treesame(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 
 		st = lookup_decoration(&revs->treesame, &commit->object);
 		if (!st)
-			die("update_treesame %s", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+			die("update_treesame %s", oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 		relevant_parents = 0;
 		relevant_change = irrelevant_change = 0;
 		for (p = commit->parents, n = 0; p; n++, p = p->next) {
@@ -646,7 +638,7 @@ static void try_to_simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 	if (!revs->prune)
 		return;
 
-	if (!commit->tree)
+	if (!get_commit_tree(commit))
 		return;
 
 	if (!commit->parents) {
@@ -697,8 +689,8 @@ static void try_to_simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 		}
 		if (parse_commit(p) < 0)
 			die("cannot simplify commit %s (because of %s)",
-			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1),
-			    sha1_to_hex(p->object.sha1));
+			    oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid),
+			    oid_to_hex(&p->object.oid));
 		switch (rev_compare_tree(revs, p, commit)) {
 		case REV_TREE_SAME:
 			if (!revs->simplify_history || !relevant_commit(p)) {
@@ -730,8 +722,8 @@ static void try_to_simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 				 */
 				if (parse_commit(p) < 0)
 					die("cannot simplify commit %s (invalid %s)",
-					    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1),
-					    sha1_to_hex(p->object.sha1));
+					    oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid),
+					    oid_to_hex(&p->object.oid));
 				p->parents = NULL;
 			}
 		/* fallthrough */
@@ -743,7 +735,7 @@ static void try_to_simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 				irrelevant_change = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		die("bad tree compare for commit %s", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		die("bad tree compare for commit %s", oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -807,7 +799,7 @@ static int add_parents_to_list(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit,
 			parent = parent->next;
 			if (p)
 				p->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
-			if (parse_commit(p) < 0)
+			if (parse_commit_gently(p, 1) < 0)
 				continue;
 			if (p->parents)
 				mark_parents_uninteresting(p);
@@ -833,11 +825,23 @@ static int add_parents_to_list(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit,
 
 	for (parent = commit->parents; parent; parent = parent->next) {
 		struct commit *p = parent->item;
-
-		if (parse_commit(p) < 0)
+		int gently = revs->ignore_missing_links ||
+			     revs->exclude_promisor_objects;
+		if (parse_commit_gently(p, gently) < 0) {
+			if (revs->exclude_promisor_objects &&
+			    is_promisor_object(&p->object.oid)) {
+				if (revs->first_parent_only)
+					break;
+				continue;
+			}
 			return -1;
-		if (revs->show_source && !p->util)
-			p->util = commit->util;
+		}
+		if (revs->sources) {
+			char **slot = revision_sources_at(revs->sources, p);
+
+			if (!*slot)
+				*slot = *revision_sources_at(revs->sources, commit);
+		}
 		p->object.flags |= left_flag;
 		if (!(p->object.flags & SEEN)) {
 			p->object.flags |= SEEN;
@@ -890,7 +894,7 @@ static void cherry_pick_list(struct commit_list *list, struct rev_info *revs)
 		 */
 		if (left_first != !!(flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT))
 			continue;
-		commit->util = add_commit_patch_id(commit, &ids);
+		add_commit_patch_id(commit, &ids);
 	}
 
 	/* either cherry_mark or cherry_pick are true */
@@ -917,21 +921,9 @@ static void cherry_pick_list(struct commit_list *list, struct rev_info *revs)
 		id = has_commit_patch_id(commit, &ids);
 		if (!id)
 			continue;
-		id->seen = 1;
-		commit->object.flags |= cherry_flag;
-	}
-
-	/* Now check the original side for seen ones */
-	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
-		struct commit *commit = p->item;
-		struct patch_id *ent;
 
-		ent = commit->util;
-		if (!ent)
-			continue;
-		if (ent->seen)
-			commit->object.flags |= cherry_flag;
-		commit->util = NULL;
+		commit->object.flags |= cherry_flag;
+		id->commit->object.flags |= cherry_flag;
 	}
 
 	free_patch_ids(&ids);
@@ -940,7 +932,8 @@ static void cherry_pick_list(struct commit_list *list, struct rev_info *revs)
 /* How many extra uninteresting commits we want to see.. */
 #define SLOP 5
 
-static int still_interesting(struct commit_list *src, unsigned long date, int slop)
+static int still_interesting(struct commit_list *src, timestamp_t date, int slop,
+			     struct commit **interesting_cache)
 {
 	/*
 	 * No source list at all? We're definitely done..
@@ -959,7 +952,7 @@ static int still_interesting(struct commit_list *src, unsigned long date, int sl
 	 * Does the source list still have interesting commits in
 	 * it? Definitely not done..
 	 */
-	if (!everybody_uninteresting(src))
+	if (!everybody_uninteresting(src, interesting_cache))
 		return SLOP;
 
 	/* Ok, we're closing in.. */
@@ -1073,11 +1066,12 @@ static void limit_left_right(struct commit_list *list, struct rev_info *revs)
 static int limit_list(struct rev_info *revs)
 {
 	int slop = SLOP;
-	unsigned long date = ~0ul;
+	timestamp_t date = TIME_MAX;
 	struct commit_list *list = revs->commits;
 	struct commit_list *newlist = NULL;
 	struct commit_list **p = &newlist;
 	struct commit_list *bottom = NULL;
+	struct commit *interesting_cache = NULL;
 
 	if (revs->ancestry_path) {
 		bottom = collect_bottom_commits(list);
@@ -1086,13 +1080,12 @@ static int limit_list(struct rev_info *revs)
 	}
 
 	while (list) {
-		struct commit_list *entry = list;
-		struct commit *commit = list->item;
+		struct commit *commit = pop_commit(&list);
 		struct object *obj = &commit->object;
 		show_early_output_fn_t show;
 
-		list = list->next;
-		free(entry);
+		if (commit == interesting_cache)
+			interesting_cache = NULL;
 
 		if (revs->max_age != -1 && (commit->date < revs->max_age))
 			obj->flags |= UNINTERESTING;
@@ -1100,14 +1093,9 @@ static int limit_list(struct rev_info *revs)
 			return -1;
 		if (obj->flags & UNINTERESTING) {
 			mark_parents_uninteresting(commit);
-			if (revs->show_all)
-				p = &commit_list_insert(commit, p)->next;
-			slop = still_interesting(list, date, slop);
+			slop = still_interesting(list, date, slop, &interesting_cache);
 			if (slop)
 				continue;
-			/* If showing all, add the whole pending list to the end */
-			if (revs->show_all)
-				*p = list;
 			break;
 		}
 		if (revs->min_age != -1 && (commit->date > revs->min_age))
@@ -1160,7 +1148,7 @@ static void add_rev_cmdline(struct rev_info *revs,
 			    unsigned flags)
 {
 	struct rev_cmdline_info *info = &revs->cmdline;
-	int nr = info->nr;
+	unsigned int nr = info->nr;
 
 	ALLOC_GROW(info->rev, nr + 1, info->alloc);
 	info->rev[nr].item = item;
@@ -1177,7 +1165,7 @@ static void add_rev_cmdline_list(struct rev_info *revs,
 {
 	while (commit_list) {
 		struct object *object = &commit_list->item->object;
-		add_rev_cmdline(revs, object, sha1_to_hex(object->sha1),
+		add_rev_cmdline(revs, object, oid_to_hex(&object->oid),
 				whence, flags);
 		commit_list = commit_list->next;
 	}
@@ -1188,6 +1176,7 @@ struct all_refs_cb {
 	int warned_bad_reflog;
 	struct rev_info *all_revs;
 	const char *name_for_errormsg;
+	struct ref_store *refs;
 };
 
 int ref_excluded(struct string_list *ref_excludes, const char *path)
@@ -1197,13 +1186,14 @@ int ref_excluded(struct string_list *ref_excludes, const char *path)
 	if (!ref_excludes)
 		return 0;
 	for_each_string_list_item(item, ref_excludes) {
-		if (!wildmatch(item->string, path, 0, NULL))
+		if (!wildmatch(item->string, path, 0))
 			return 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int handle_one_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int handle_one_ref(const char *path, const struct object_id *oid,
+			  int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct all_refs_cb *cb = cb_data;
 	struct object *object;
@@ -1211,9 +1201,9 @@ static int handle_one_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag,
 	if (ref_excluded(cb->all_revs->ref_excludes, path))
 	    return 0;
 
-	object = get_reference(cb->all_revs, path, sha1, cb->all_flags);
+	object = get_reference(cb->all_revs, path, oid, cb->all_flags);
 	add_rev_cmdline(cb->all_revs, object, path, REV_CMD_REF, cb->all_flags);
-	add_pending_sha1(cb->all_revs, path, sha1, cb->all_flags);
+	add_pending_oid(cb->all_revs, path, oid, cb->all_flags);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1222,6 +1212,8 @@ static void init_all_refs_cb(struct all_refs_cb *cb, struct rev_info *revs,
 {
 	cb->all_revs = revs;
 	cb->all_flags = flags;
+	revs->rev_input_given = 1;
+	cb->refs = NULL;
 }
 
 void clear_ref_exclusion(struct string_list **ref_excludes_p)
@@ -1242,19 +1234,26 @@ void add_ref_exclusion(struct string_list **ref_excludes_p, const char *exclude)
 	string_list_append(*ref_excludes_p, exclude);
 }
 
-static void handle_refs(const char *submodule, struct rev_info *revs, unsigned flags,
-		int (*for_each)(const char *, each_ref_fn, void *))
+static void handle_refs(struct ref_store *refs,
+			struct rev_info *revs, unsigned flags,
+			int (*for_each)(struct ref_store *, each_ref_fn, void *))
 {
 	struct all_refs_cb cb;
+
+	if (!refs) {
+		/* this could happen with uninitialized submodules */
+		return;
+	}
+
 	init_all_refs_cb(&cb, revs, flags);
-	for_each(submodule, handle_one_ref, &cb);
+	for_each(refs, handle_one_ref, &cb);
 }
 
-static void handle_one_reflog_commit(unsigned char *sha1, void *cb_data)
+static void handle_one_reflog_commit(struct object_id *oid, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct all_refs_cb *cb = cb_data;
-	if (!is_null_sha1(sha1)) {
-		struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
+	if (!is_null_oid(oid)) {
+		struct object *o = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
 		if (o) {
 			o->flags |= cb->all_flags;
 			/* ??? CMDLINEFLAGS ??? */
@@ -1268,30 +1267,56 @@ static void handle_one_reflog_commit(unsigned char *sha1, void *cb_data)
 	}
 }
 
-static int handle_one_reflog_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
-		const char *email, unsigned long timestamp, int tz,
+static int handle_one_reflog_ent(struct object_id *ooid, struct object_id *noid,
+		const char *email, timestamp_t timestamp, int tz,
 		const char *message, void *cb_data)
 {
-	handle_one_reflog_commit(osha1, cb_data);
-	handle_one_reflog_commit(nsha1, cb_data);
+	handle_one_reflog_commit(ooid, cb_data);
+	handle_one_reflog_commit(noid, cb_data);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int handle_one_reflog(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int handle_one_reflog(const char *path, const struct object_id *oid,
+			     int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct all_refs_cb *cb = cb_data;
 	cb->warned_bad_reflog = 0;
 	cb->name_for_errormsg = path;
-	for_each_reflog_ent(path, handle_one_reflog_ent, cb_data);
+	refs_for_each_reflog_ent(cb->refs, path,
+				 handle_one_reflog_ent, cb_data);
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void add_other_reflogs_to_pending(struct all_refs_cb *cb)
+{
+	struct worktree **worktrees, **p;
+
+	worktrees = get_worktrees(0);
+	for (p = worktrees; *p; p++) {
+		struct worktree *wt = *p;
+
+		if (wt->is_current)
+			continue;
+
+		cb->refs = get_worktree_ref_store(wt);
+		refs_for_each_reflog(cb->refs,
+				     handle_one_reflog,
+				     cb);
+	}
+	free_worktrees(worktrees);
+}
+
 void add_reflogs_to_pending(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned flags)
 {
 	struct all_refs_cb cb;
+
 	cb.all_revs = revs;
 	cb.all_flags = flags;
+	cb.refs = get_main_ref_store(the_repository);
 	for_each_reflog(handle_one_reflog, &cb);
+
+	if (!revs->single_worktree)
+		add_other_reflogs_to_pending(&cb);
 }
 
 static void add_cache_tree(struct cache_tree *it, struct rev_info *revs,
@@ -1301,7 +1326,7 @@ static void add_cache_tree(struct cache_tree *it, struct rev_info *revs,
 	int i;
 
 	if (it->entry_count >= 0) {
-		struct tree *tree = lookup_tree(it->sha1);
+		struct tree *tree = lookup_tree(the_repository, &it->oid);
 		add_pending_object_with_path(revs, &tree->object, "",
 					     040000, path->buf);
 	}
@@ -1315,60 +1340,97 @@ static void add_cache_tree(struct cache_tree *it, struct rev_info *revs,
 
 }
 
-void add_index_objects_to_pending(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned flags)
+static void do_add_index_objects_to_pending(struct rev_info *revs,
+					    struct index_state *istate)
 {
 	int i;
 
-	read_cache();
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
 		struct blob *blob;
 
 		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
 			continue;
 
-		blob = lookup_blob(ce->sha1);
+		blob = lookup_blob(the_repository, &ce->oid);
 		if (!blob)
 			die("unable to add index blob to traversal");
 		add_pending_object_with_path(revs, &blob->object, "",
 					     ce->ce_mode, ce->name);
 	}
 
-	if (active_cache_tree) {
+	if (istate->cache_tree) {
 		struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
-		add_cache_tree(active_cache_tree, revs, &path);
+		add_cache_tree(istate->cache_tree, revs, &path);
 		strbuf_release(&path);
 	}
 }
 
-static int add_parents_only(struct rev_info *revs, const char *arg_, int flags)
+void add_index_objects_to_pending(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned int flags)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct worktree **worktrees, **p;
+
+	read_cache();
+	do_add_index_objects_to_pending(revs, &the_index);
+
+	if (revs->single_worktree)
+		return;
+
+	worktrees = get_worktrees(0);
+	for (p = worktrees; *p; p++) {
+		struct worktree *wt = *p;
+		struct index_state istate = { NULL };
+
+		if (wt->is_current)
+			continue; /* current index already taken care of */
+
+		if (read_index_from(&istate,
+				    worktree_git_path(wt, "index"),
+				    get_worktree_git_dir(wt)) > 0)
+			do_add_index_objects_to_pending(revs, &istate);
+		discard_index(&istate);
+	}
+	free_worktrees(worktrees);
+}
+
+static int add_parents_only(struct rev_info *revs, const char *arg_, int flags,
+			    int exclude_parent)
+{
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct object *it;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	struct commit_list *parents;
+	int parent_number;
 	const char *arg = arg_;
 
 	if (*arg == '^') {
 		flags ^= UNINTERESTING | BOTTOM;
 		arg++;
 	}
-	if (get_sha1_committish(arg, sha1))
+	if (get_oid_committish(arg, &oid))
 		return 0;
 	while (1) {
-		it = get_reference(revs, arg, sha1, 0);
+		it = get_reference(revs, arg, &oid, 0);
 		if (!it && revs->ignore_missing)
 			return 0;
 		if (it->type != OBJ_TAG)
 			break;
 		if (!((struct tag*)it)->tagged)
 			return 0;
-		hashcpy(sha1, ((struct tag*)it)->tagged->sha1);
+		oidcpy(&oid, &((struct tag*)it)->tagged->oid);
 	}
 	if (it->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 		return 0;
 	commit = (struct commit *)it;
-	for (parents = commit->parents; parents; parents = parents->next) {
+	if (exclude_parent &&
+	    exclude_parent > commit_list_count(commit->parents))
+		return 0;
+	for (parents = commit->parents, parent_number = 1;
+	     parents;
+	     parents = parents->next, parent_number++) {
+		if (exclude_parent && parent_number != exclude_parent)
+			continue;
+
 		it = &parents->item->object;
 		it->flags |= flags;
 		add_rev_cmdline(revs, it, arg_, REV_CMD_PARENTS_ONLY, flags);
@@ -1384,10 +1446,11 @@ void init_revisions(struct rev_info *revs, const char *prefix)
 	revs->abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
 	revs->ignore_merges = 1;
 	revs->simplify_history = 1;
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->pruning, RECURSIVE);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->pruning, QUICK);
+	revs->pruning.flags.recursive = 1;
+	revs->pruning.flags.quick = 1;
 	revs->pruning.add_remove = file_add_remove;
 	revs->pruning.change = file_change;
+	revs->pruning.change_fn_data = revs;
 	revs->sort_order = REV_SORT_IN_GRAPH_ORDER;
 	revs->dense = 1;
 	revs->prefix = prefix;
@@ -1396,13 +1459,14 @@ void init_revisions(struct rev_info *revs, const char *prefix)
 	revs->skip_count = -1;
 	revs->max_count = -1;
 	revs->max_parents = -1;
+	revs->expand_tabs_in_log = -1;
 
 	revs->commit_format = CMIT_FMT_DEFAULT;
+	revs->expand_tabs_in_log_default = 8;
 
 	init_grep_defaults();
 	grep_init(&revs->grep_filter, prefix);
 	revs->grep_filter.status_only = 1;
-	revs->grep_filter.regflags = REG_NEWLINE;
 
 	diff_setup(&revs->diffopt);
 	if (prefix && !revs->diffopt.prefix) {
@@ -1420,7 +1484,7 @@ static void add_pending_commit_list(struct rev_info *revs,
 	while (commit_list) {
 		struct object *object = &commit_list->item->object;
 		object->flags |= flags;
-		add_pending_object(revs, object, sha1_to_hex(object->sha1));
+		add_pending_object(revs, object, oid_to_hex(&object->oid));
 		commit_list = commit_list->next;
 	}
 }
@@ -1429,16 +1493,16 @@ static void prepare_show_merge(struct rev_info *revs)
 {
 	struct commit_list *bases;
 	struct commit *head, *other;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	const char **prune = NULL;
 	int i, prune_num = 1; /* counting terminating NULL */
 
-	if (get_sha1("HEAD", sha1))
+	if (get_oid("HEAD", &oid))
 		die("--merge without HEAD?");
-	head = lookup_commit_or_die(sha1, "HEAD");
-	if (get_sha1("MERGE_HEAD", sha1))
+	head = lookup_commit_or_die(&oid, "HEAD");
+	if (get_oid("MERGE_HEAD", &oid))
 		die("--merge without MERGE_HEAD?");
-	other = lookup_commit_or_die(sha1, "MERGE_HEAD");
+	other = lookup_commit_or_die(&oid, "MERGE_HEAD");
 	add_pending_object(revs, &head->object, "HEAD");
 	add_pending_object(revs, &other->object, "MERGE_HEAD");
 	bases = get_merge_bases(head, other);
@@ -1453,7 +1517,7 @@ static void prepare_show_merge(struct rev_info *revs)
 		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 		if (!ce_stage(ce))
 			continue;
-		if (ce_path_match(ce, &revs->prune_data, NULL)) {
+		if (ce_path_match(&the_index, ce, &revs->prune_data, NULL)) {
 			prune_num++;
 			REALLOC_ARRAY(prune, prune_num);
 			prune[prune_num-2] = ce->name;
@@ -1463,124 +1527,174 @@ static void prepare_show_merge(struct rev_info *revs)
 		       ce_same_name(ce, active_cache[i+1]))
 			i++;
 	}
-	free_pathspec(&revs->prune_data);
+	clear_pathspec(&revs->prune_data);
 	parse_pathspec(&revs->prune_data, PATHSPEC_ALL_MAGIC & ~PATHSPEC_LITERAL,
 		       PATHSPEC_PREFER_FULL | PATHSPEC_LITERAL_PATH, "", prune);
 	revs->limited = 1;
 }
 
+static int dotdot_missing(const char *arg, char *dotdot,
+			  struct rev_info *revs, int symmetric)
+{
+	if (revs->ignore_missing)
+		return 0;
+	/* de-munge so we report the full argument */
+	*dotdot = '.';
+	die(symmetric
+	    ? "Invalid symmetric difference expression %s"
+	    : "Invalid revision range %s", arg);
+}
+
+static int handle_dotdot_1(const char *arg, char *dotdot,
+			   struct rev_info *revs, int flags,
+			   int cant_be_filename,
+			   struct object_context *a_oc,
+			   struct object_context *b_oc)
+{
+	const char *a_name, *b_name;
+	struct object_id a_oid, b_oid;
+	struct object *a_obj, *b_obj;
+	unsigned int a_flags, b_flags;
+	int symmetric = 0;
+	unsigned int flags_exclude = flags ^ (UNINTERESTING | BOTTOM);
+	unsigned int oc_flags = GET_OID_COMMITTISH | GET_OID_RECORD_PATH;
+
+	a_name = arg;
+	if (!*a_name)
+		a_name = "HEAD";
+
+	b_name = dotdot + 2;
+	if (*b_name == '.') {
+		symmetric = 1;
+		b_name++;
+	}
+	if (!*b_name)
+		b_name = "HEAD";
+
+	if (get_oid_with_context(a_name, oc_flags, &a_oid, a_oc) ||
+	    get_oid_with_context(b_name, oc_flags, &b_oid, b_oc))
+		return -1;
+
+	if (!cant_be_filename) {
+		*dotdot = '.';
+		verify_non_filename(revs->prefix, arg);
+		*dotdot = '\0';
+	}
+
+	a_obj = parse_object(the_repository, &a_oid);
+	b_obj = parse_object(the_repository, &b_oid);
+	if (!a_obj || !b_obj)
+		return dotdot_missing(arg, dotdot, revs, symmetric);
+
+	if (!symmetric) {
+		/* just A..B */
+		b_flags = flags;
+		a_flags = flags_exclude;
+	} else {
+		/* A...B -- find merge bases between the two */
+		struct commit *a, *b;
+		struct commit_list *exclude;
+
+		a = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &a_obj->oid);
+		b = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &b_obj->oid);
+		if (!a || !b)
+			return dotdot_missing(arg, dotdot, revs, symmetric);
+
+		exclude = get_merge_bases(a, b);
+		add_rev_cmdline_list(revs, exclude, REV_CMD_MERGE_BASE,
+				     flags_exclude);
+		add_pending_commit_list(revs, exclude, flags_exclude);
+		free_commit_list(exclude);
+
+		b_flags = flags;
+		a_flags = flags | SYMMETRIC_LEFT;
+	}
+
+	a_obj->flags |= a_flags;
+	b_obj->flags |= b_flags;
+	add_rev_cmdline(revs, a_obj, a_name, REV_CMD_LEFT, a_flags);
+	add_rev_cmdline(revs, b_obj, b_name, REV_CMD_RIGHT, b_flags);
+	add_pending_object_with_path(revs, a_obj, a_name, a_oc->mode, a_oc->path);
+	add_pending_object_with_path(revs, b_obj, b_name, b_oc->mode, b_oc->path);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int handle_dotdot(const char *arg,
+			 struct rev_info *revs, int flags,
+			 int cant_be_filename)
+{
+	struct object_context a_oc, b_oc;
+	char *dotdot = strstr(arg, "..");
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!dotdot)
+		return -1;
+
+	memset(&a_oc, 0, sizeof(a_oc));
+	memset(&b_oc, 0, sizeof(b_oc));
+
+	*dotdot = '\0';
+	ret = handle_dotdot_1(arg, dotdot, revs, flags, cant_be_filename,
+			      &a_oc, &b_oc);
+	*dotdot = '.';
+
+	free(a_oc.path);
+	free(b_oc.path);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
 int handle_revision_arg(const char *arg_, struct rev_info *revs, int flags, unsigned revarg_opt)
 {
 	struct object_context oc;
-	char *dotdot;
+	char *mark;
 	struct object *object;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	int local_flags;
 	const char *arg = arg_;
 	int cant_be_filename = revarg_opt & REVARG_CANNOT_BE_FILENAME;
-	unsigned get_sha1_flags = 0;
+	unsigned get_sha1_flags = GET_OID_RECORD_PATH;
 
 	flags = flags & UNINTERESTING ? flags | BOTTOM : flags & ~BOTTOM;
 
-	dotdot = strstr(arg, "..");
-	if (dotdot) {
-		unsigned char from_sha1[20];
-		const char *next = dotdot + 2;
-		const char *this = arg;
-		int symmetric = *next == '.';
-		unsigned int flags_exclude = flags ^ (UNINTERESTING | BOTTOM);
-		static const char head_by_default[] = "HEAD";
-		unsigned int a_flags;
-
-		*dotdot = 0;
-		next += symmetric;
-
-		if (!*next)
-			next = head_by_default;
-		if (dotdot == arg)
-			this = head_by_default;
-		if (this == head_by_default && next == head_by_default &&
-		    !symmetric) {
-			/*
-			 * Just ".."?  That is not a range but the
-			 * pathspec for the parent directory.
-			 */
-			if (!cant_be_filename) {
-				*dotdot = '.';
-				return -1;
-			}
-		}
-		if (!get_sha1_committish(this, from_sha1) &&
-		    !get_sha1_committish(next, sha1)) {
-			struct object *a_obj, *b_obj;
-
-			if (!cant_be_filename) {
-				*dotdot = '.';
-				verify_non_filename(revs->prefix, arg);
-			}
-
-			a_obj = parse_object(from_sha1);
-			b_obj = parse_object(sha1);
-			if (!a_obj || !b_obj) {
-			missing:
-				if (revs->ignore_missing)
-					return 0;
-				die(symmetric
-				    ? "Invalid symmetric difference expression %s"
-				    : "Invalid revision range %s", arg);
-			}
+	if (!cant_be_filename && !strcmp(arg, "..")) {
+		/*
+		 * Just ".."?  That is not a range but the
+		 * pathspec for the parent directory.
+		 */
+		return -1;
+	}
 
-			if (!symmetric) {
-				/* just A..B */
-				a_flags = flags_exclude;
-			} else {
-				/* A...B -- find merge bases between the two */
-				struct commit *a, *b;
-				struct commit_list *exclude;
-
-				a = (a_obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT
-				     ? (struct commit *)a_obj
-				     : lookup_commit_reference(a_obj->sha1));
-				b = (b_obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT
-				     ? (struct commit *)b_obj
-				     : lookup_commit_reference(b_obj->sha1));
-				if (!a || !b)
-					goto missing;
-				exclude = get_merge_bases(a, b);
-				add_rev_cmdline_list(revs, exclude,
-						     REV_CMD_MERGE_BASE,
-						     flags_exclude);
-				add_pending_commit_list(revs, exclude,
-							flags_exclude);
-				free_commit_list(exclude);
-
-				a_flags = flags | SYMMETRIC_LEFT;
-			}
+	if (!handle_dotdot(arg, revs, flags, revarg_opt))
+		return 0;
 
-			a_obj->flags |= a_flags;
-			b_obj->flags |= flags;
-			add_rev_cmdline(revs, a_obj, this,
-					REV_CMD_LEFT, a_flags);
-			add_rev_cmdline(revs, b_obj, next,
-					REV_CMD_RIGHT, flags);
-			add_pending_object(revs, a_obj, this);
-			add_pending_object(revs, b_obj, next);
+	mark = strstr(arg, "^@");
+	if (mark && !mark[2]) {
+		*mark = 0;
+		if (add_parents_only(revs, arg, flags, 0))
 			return 0;
+		*mark = '^';
+	}
+	mark = strstr(arg, "^!");
+	if (mark && !mark[2]) {
+		*mark = 0;
+		if (!add_parents_only(revs, arg, flags ^ (UNINTERESTING | BOTTOM), 0))
+			*mark = '^';
+	}
+	mark = strstr(arg, "^-");
+	if (mark) {
+		int exclude_parent = 1;
+
+		if (mark[2]) {
+			char *end;
+			exclude_parent = strtoul(mark + 2, &end, 10);
+			if (*end != '\0' || !exclude_parent)
+				return -1;
 		}
-		*dotdot = '.';
-	}
-	dotdot = strstr(arg, "^@");
-	if (dotdot && !dotdot[2]) {
-		*dotdot = 0;
-		if (add_parents_only(revs, arg, flags))
-			return 0;
-		*dotdot = '^';
-	}
-	dotdot = strstr(arg, "^!");
-	if (dotdot && !dotdot[2]) {
-		*dotdot = 0;
-		if (!add_parents_only(revs, arg, flags ^ (UNINTERESTING | BOTTOM)))
-			*dotdot = '^';
+
+		*mark = 0;
+		if (!add_parents_only(revs, arg, flags ^ (UNINTERESTING | BOTTOM), exclude_parent))
+			*mark = '^';
 	}
 
 	local_flags = 0;
@@ -1590,46 +1704,28 @@ int handle_revision_arg(const char *arg_, struct rev_info *revs, int flags, unsi
 	}
 
 	if (revarg_opt & REVARG_COMMITTISH)
-		get_sha1_flags = GET_SHA1_COMMITTISH;
+		get_sha1_flags |= GET_OID_COMMITTISH;
 
-	if (get_sha1_with_context(arg, get_sha1_flags, sha1, &oc))
+	if (get_oid_with_context(arg, get_sha1_flags, &oid, &oc))
 		return revs->ignore_missing ? 0 : -1;
 	if (!cant_be_filename)
 		verify_non_filename(revs->prefix, arg);
-	object = get_reference(revs, arg, sha1, flags ^ local_flags);
+	object = get_reference(revs, arg, &oid, flags ^ local_flags);
 	add_rev_cmdline(revs, object, arg_, REV_CMD_REV, flags ^ local_flags);
-	add_pending_object_with_mode(revs, object, arg, oc.mode);
+	add_pending_object_with_path(revs, object, arg, oc.mode, oc.path);
+	free(oc.path);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-struct cmdline_pathspec {
-	int alloc;
-	int nr;
-	const char **path;
-};
-
-static void append_prune_data(struct cmdline_pathspec *prune, const char **av)
-{
-	while (*av) {
-		ALLOC_GROW(prune->path, prune->nr + 1, prune->alloc);
-		prune->path[prune->nr++] = *(av++);
-	}
-}
-
 static void read_pathspec_from_stdin(struct rev_info *revs, struct strbuf *sb,
-				     struct cmdline_pathspec *prune)
+				     struct argv_array *prune)
 {
-	while (strbuf_getwholeline(sb, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
-		int len = sb->len;
-		if (len && sb->buf[len - 1] == '\n')
-			sb->buf[--len] = '\0';
-		ALLOC_GROW(prune->path, prune->nr + 1, prune->alloc);
-		prune->path[prune->nr++] = xstrdup(sb->buf);
-	}
+	while (strbuf_getline(sb, stdin) != EOF)
+		argv_array_push(prune, sb->buf);
 }
 
 static void read_revisions_from_stdin(struct rev_info *revs,
-				      struct cmdline_pathspec *prune)
+				      struct argv_array *prune)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb;
 	int seen_dashdash = 0;
@@ -1639,10 +1735,8 @@ static void read_revisions_from_stdin(struct rev_info *revs,
 	warn_on_object_refname_ambiguity = 0;
 
 	strbuf_init(&sb, 1000);
-	while (strbuf_getwholeline(&sb, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
+	while (strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin) != EOF) {
 		int len = sb.len;
-		if (len && sb.buf[len - 1] == '\n')
-			sb.buf[--len] = '\0';
 		if (!len)
 			break;
 		if (sb.buf[0] == '-') {
@@ -1684,6 +1778,7 @@ static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **arg
 	const char *arg = argv[0];
 	const char *optarg;
 	int argcount;
+	const unsigned hexsz = the_hash_algo->hexsz;
 
 	/* pseudo revision arguments */
 	if (!strcmp(arg, "--all") || !strcmp(arg, "--branches") ||
@@ -1719,8 +1814,8 @@ static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **arg
 		revs->max_count = atoi(argv[1]);
 		revs->no_walk = 0;
 		return 2;
-	} else if (starts_with(arg, "-n")) {
-		revs->max_count = atoi(arg + 2);
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "-n", &optarg)) {
+		revs->max_count = atoi(optarg);
 		revs->no_walk = 0;
 	} else if ((argcount = parse_long_opt("max-age", argv, &optarg))) {
 		revs->max_age = atoi(optarg);
@@ -1772,23 +1867,20 @@ static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **arg
 		revs->simplify_by_decoration = 1;
 		revs->limited = 1;
 		revs->prune = 1;
-		load_ref_decorations(DECORATE_SHORT_REFS);
+		load_ref_decorations(NULL, DECORATE_SHORT_REFS);
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--date-order")) {
 		revs->sort_order = REV_SORT_BY_COMMIT_DATE;
 		revs->topo_order = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--author-date-order")) {
 		revs->sort_order = REV_SORT_BY_AUTHOR_DATE;
 		revs->topo_order = 1;
-	} else if (starts_with(arg, "--early-output")) {
-		int count = 100;
-		switch (arg[14]) {
-		case '=':
-			count = atoi(arg+15);
-			/* Fallthrough */
-		case 0:
-			revs->topo_order = 1;
-		       revs->early_output = count;
-		}
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--early-output")) {
+		revs->early_output = 100;
+		revs->topo_order = 1;
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--early-output=", &optarg)) {
+		if (strtoul_ui(optarg, 10, &revs->early_output) < 0)
+			die("'%s': not a non-negative integer", optarg);
+		revs->topo_order = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--parents")) {
 		revs->rewrite_parents = 1;
 		revs->print_parents = 1;
@@ -1796,21 +1888,21 @@ static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **arg
 		revs->dense = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--sparse")) {
 		revs->dense = 0;
-	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--show-all")) {
-		revs->show_all = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--in-commit-order")) {
+		revs->tree_blobs_in_commit_order = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--remove-empty")) {
 		revs->remove_empty_trees = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--merges")) {
 		revs->min_parents = 2;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-merges")) {
 		revs->max_parents = 1;
-	} else if (starts_with(arg, "--min-parents=")) {
-		revs->min_parents = atoi(arg+14);
-	} else if (starts_with(arg, "--no-min-parents")) {
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--min-parents=", &optarg)) {
+		revs->min_parents = atoi(optarg);
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-min-parents")) {
 		revs->min_parents = 0;
-	} else if (starts_with(arg, "--max-parents=")) {
-		revs->max_parents = atoi(arg+14);
-	} else if (starts_with(arg, "--no-max-parents")) {
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--max-parents=", &optarg)) {
+		revs->max_parents = atoi(optarg);
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-max-parents")) {
 		revs->max_parents = -1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--boundary")) {
 		revs->boundary = 1;
@@ -1870,11 +1962,11 @@ static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **arg
 		die("--unpacked=<packfile> no longer supported.");
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-r")) {
 		revs->diff = 1;
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, RECURSIVE);
+		revs->diffopt.flags.recursive = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-t")) {
 		revs->diff = 1;
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, RECURSIVE);
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, TREE_IN_RECURSIVE);
+		revs->diffopt.flags.recursive = 1;
+		revs->diffopt.flags.tree_in_recursive = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-m")) {
 		revs->ignore_merges = 0;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-c")) {
@@ -1891,40 +1983,49 @@ static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **arg
 		revs->verbose_header = 1;
 		revs->pretty_given = 1;
 		get_commit_format(NULL, revs);
-	} else if (starts_with(arg, "--pretty=") || starts_with(arg, "--format=")) {
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--pretty=", &optarg) ||
+		   skip_prefix(arg, "--format=", &optarg)) {
 		/*
 		 * Detached form ("--pretty X" as opposed to "--pretty=X")
 		 * not allowed, since the argument is optional.
 		 */
 		revs->verbose_header = 1;
 		revs->pretty_given = 1;
-		get_commit_format(arg+9, revs);
+		get_commit_format(optarg, revs);
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--expand-tabs")) {
+		revs->expand_tabs_in_log = 8;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-expand-tabs")) {
+		revs->expand_tabs_in_log = 0;
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--expand-tabs=", &arg)) {
+		int val;
+		if (strtol_i(arg, 10, &val) < 0 || val < 0)
+			die("'%s': not a non-negative integer", arg);
+		revs->expand_tabs_in_log = val;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--show-notes") || !strcmp(arg, "--notes")) {
 		revs->show_notes = 1;
 		revs->show_notes_given = 1;
 		revs->notes_opt.use_default_notes = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--show-signature")) {
 		revs->show_signature = 1;
-	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--show-linear-break") ||
-		   starts_with(arg, "--show-linear-break=")) {
-		if (starts_with(arg, "--show-linear-break="))
-			revs->break_bar = xstrdup(arg + 20);
-		else
-			revs->break_bar = "                    ..........";
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-show-signature")) {
+		revs->show_signature = 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--show-linear-break")) {
+		revs->break_bar = "                    ..........";
 		revs->track_linear = 1;
 		revs->track_first_time = 1;
-	} else if (starts_with(arg, "--show-notes=") ||
-		   starts_with(arg, "--notes=")) {
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--show-linear-break=", &optarg)) {
+		revs->break_bar = xstrdup(optarg);
+		revs->track_linear = 1;
+		revs->track_first_time = 1;
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--show-notes=", &optarg) ||
+		   skip_prefix(arg, "--notes=", &optarg)) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		revs->show_notes = 1;
 		revs->show_notes_given = 1;
-		if (starts_with(arg, "--show-notes")) {
-			if (revs->notes_opt.use_default_notes < 0)
-				revs->notes_opt.use_default_notes = 1;
-			strbuf_addstr(&buf, arg+13);
-		}
-		else
-			strbuf_addstr(&buf, arg+8);
+		if (starts_with(arg, "--show-notes=") &&
+		    revs->notes_opt.use_default_notes < 0)
+			revs->notes_opt.use_default_notes = 1;
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, optarg);
 		expand_notes_ref(&buf);
 		string_list_append(&revs->notes_opt.extra_notes_refs,
 				   strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL));
@@ -1961,12 +2062,12 @@ static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **arg
 		revs->abbrev = 0;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--abbrev")) {
 		revs->abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
-	} else if (starts_with(arg, "--abbrev=")) {
-		revs->abbrev = strtoul(arg + 9, NULL, 10);
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--abbrev=", &optarg)) {
+		revs->abbrev = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10);
 		if (revs->abbrev < MINIMUM_ABBREV)
 			revs->abbrev = MINIMUM_ABBREV;
-		else if (revs->abbrev > 40)
-			revs->abbrev = 40;
+		else if (revs->abbrev > hexsz)
+			revs->abbrev = hexsz;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--abbrev-commit")) {
 		revs->abbrev_commit = 1;
 		revs->abbrev_commit_given = 1;
@@ -1978,10 +2079,10 @@ static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **arg
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--full-history")) {
 		revs->simplify_history = 0;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--relative-date")) {
-		revs->date_mode = DATE_RELATIVE;
+		revs->date_mode.type = DATE_RELATIVE;
 		revs->date_mode_explicit = 1;
 	} else if ((argcount = parse_long_opt("date", argv, &optarg))) {
-		revs->date_mode = parse_date_format(optarg);
+		parse_date_format(optarg, &revs->date_mode);
 		revs->date_mode_explicit = 1;
 		return argcount;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--log-size")) {
@@ -2005,16 +2106,16 @@ static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **arg
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--grep-debug")) {
 		revs->grep_filter.debug = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--basic-regexp")) {
-		grep_set_pattern_type_option(GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_BRE, &revs->grep_filter);
+		revs->grep_filter.pattern_type_option = GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_BRE;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--extended-regexp") || !strcmp(arg, "-E")) {
-		grep_set_pattern_type_option(GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_ERE, &revs->grep_filter);
+		revs->grep_filter.pattern_type_option = GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_ERE;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--regexp-ignore-case") || !strcmp(arg, "-i")) {
-		revs->grep_filter.regflags |= REG_ICASE;
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, PICKAXE_IGNORE_CASE);
+		revs->grep_filter.ignore_case = 1;
+		revs->diffopt.pickaxe_opts |= DIFF_PICKAXE_IGNORE_CASE;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--fixed-strings") || !strcmp(arg, "-F")) {
-		grep_set_pattern_type_option(GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_FIXED, &revs->grep_filter);
-	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--perl-regexp")) {
-		grep_set_pattern_type_option(GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_PCRE, &revs->grep_filter);
+		revs->grep_filter.pattern_type_option = GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_FIXED;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--perl-regexp") || !strcmp(arg, "-P")) {
+		revs->grep_filter.pattern_type_option = GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_PCRE;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--all-match")) {
 		revs->grep_filter.all_match = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--invert-grep")) {
@@ -2032,8 +2133,12 @@ static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **arg
 		revs->limited = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--ignore-missing")) {
 		revs->ignore_missing = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--exclude-promisor-objects")) {
+		if (fetch_if_missing)
+			BUG("exclude_promisor_objects can only be used when fetch_if_missing is 0");
+		revs->exclude_promisor_objects = 1;
 	} else {
-		int opts = diff_opt_parse(&revs->diffopt, argv, argc);
+		int opts = diff_opt_parse(&revs->diffopt, argv, argc, revs->prefix);
 		if (!opts)
 			unkv[(*unkc)++] = arg;
 		return opts;
@@ -2058,14 +2163,25 @@ void parse_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 	ctx->argc -= n;
 }
 
-static int for_each_bad_bisect_ref(const char *submodule, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+static int for_each_bisect_ref(struct ref_store *refs, each_ref_fn fn,
+			       void *cb_data, const char *term)
+{
+	struct strbuf bisect_refs = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int status;
+	strbuf_addf(&bisect_refs, "refs/bisect/%s", term);
+	status = refs_for_each_fullref_in(refs, bisect_refs.buf, fn, cb_data, 0);
+	strbuf_release(&bisect_refs);
+	return status;
+}
+
+static int for_each_bad_bisect_ref(struct ref_store *refs, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return for_each_ref_in_submodule(submodule, "refs/bisect/bad", fn, cb_data);
+	return for_each_bisect_ref(refs, fn, cb_data, term_bad);
 }
 
-static int for_each_good_bisect_ref(const char *submodule, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+static int for_each_good_bisect_ref(struct ref_store *refs, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return for_each_ref_in_submodule(submodule, "refs/bisect/good", fn, cb_data);
+	return for_each_bisect_ref(refs, fn, cb_data, term_good);
 }
 
 static int handle_revision_pseudo_opt(const char *submodule,
@@ -2074,8 +2190,22 @@ static int handle_revision_pseudo_opt(const char *submodule,
 {
 	const char *arg = argv[0];
 	const char *optarg;
+	struct ref_store *refs;
 	int argcount;
 
+	if (submodule) {
+		/*
+		 * We need some something like get_submodule_worktrees()
+		 * before we can go through all worktrees of a submodule,
+		 * .e.g with adding all HEADs from --all, which is not
+		 * supported right now, so stick to single worktree.
+		 */
+		if (!revs->single_worktree)
+			BUG("--single-worktree cannot be used together with submodule");
+		refs = get_submodule_ref_store(submodule);
+	} else
+		refs = get_main_ref_store(the_repository);
+
 	/*
 	 * NOTE!
 	 *
@@ -2087,21 +2217,29 @@ static int handle_revision_pseudo_opt(const char *submodule,
 	 * register it in the list at the top of handle_revision_opt.
 	 */
 	if (!strcmp(arg, "--all")) {
-		handle_refs(submodule, revs, *flags, for_each_ref_submodule);
-		handle_refs(submodule, revs, *flags, head_ref_submodule);
+		handle_refs(refs, revs, *flags, refs_for_each_ref);
+		handle_refs(refs, revs, *flags, refs_head_ref);
+		if (!revs->single_worktree) {
+			struct all_refs_cb cb;
+
+			init_all_refs_cb(&cb, revs, *flags);
+			other_head_refs(handle_one_ref, &cb);
+		}
 		clear_ref_exclusion(&revs->ref_excludes);
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--branches")) {
-		handle_refs(submodule, revs, *flags, for_each_branch_ref_submodule);
+		handle_refs(refs, revs, *flags, refs_for_each_branch_ref);
 		clear_ref_exclusion(&revs->ref_excludes);
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--bisect")) {
-		handle_refs(submodule, revs, *flags, for_each_bad_bisect_ref);
-		handle_refs(submodule, revs, *flags ^ (UNINTERESTING | BOTTOM), for_each_good_bisect_ref);
+		read_bisect_terms(&term_bad, &term_good);
+		handle_refs(refs, revs, *flags, for_each_bad_bisect_ref);
+		handle_refs(refs, revs, *flags ^ (UNINTERESTING | BOTTOM),
+			    for_each_good_bisect_ref);
 		revs->bisect = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--tags")) {
-		handle_refs(submodule, revs, *flags, for_each_tag_ref_submodule);
+		handle_refs(refs, revs, *flags, refs_for_each_tag_ref);
 		clear_ref_exclusion(&revs->ref_excludes);
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--remotes")) {
-		handle_refs(submodule, revs, *flags, for_each_remote_ref_submodule);
+		handle_refs(refs, revs, *flags, refs_for_each_remote_ref);
 		clear_ref_exclusion(&revs->ref_excludes);
 	} else if ((argcount = parse_long_opt("glob", argv, &optarg))) {
 		struct all_refs_cb cb;
@@ -2112,20 +2250,20 @@ static int handle_revision_pseudo_opt(const char *submodule,
 	} else if ((argcount = parse_long_opt("exclude", argv, &optarg))) {
 		add_ref_exclusion(&revs->ref_excludes, optarg);
 		return argcount;
-	} else if (starts_with(arg, "--branches=")) {
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--branches=", &optarg)) {
 		struct all_refs_cb cb;
 		init_all_refs_cb(&cb, revs, *flags);
-		for_each_glob_ref_in(handle_one_ref, arg + 11, "refs/heads/", &cb);
+		for_each_glob_ref_in(handle_one_ref, optarg, "refs/heads/", &cb);
 		clear_ref_exclusion(&revs->ref_excludes);
-	} else if (starts_with(arg, "--tags=")) {
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--tags=", &optarg)) {
 		struct all_refs_cb cb;
 		init_all_refs_cb(&cb, revs, *flags);
-		for_each_glob_ref_in(handle_one_ref, arg + 7, "refs/tags/", &cb);
+		for_each_glob_ref_in(handle_one_ref, optarg, "refs/tags/", &cb);
 		clear_ref_exclusion(&revs->ref_excludes);
-	} else if (starts_with(arg, "--remotes=")) {
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--remotes=", &optarg)) {
 		struct all_refs_cb cb;
 		init_all_refs_cb(&cb, revs, *flags);
-		for_each_glob_ref_in(handle_one_ref, arg + 10, "refs/remotes/", &cb);
+		for_each_glob_ref_in(handle_one_ref, optarg, "refs/remotes/", &cb);
 		clear_ref_exclusion(&revs->ref_excludes);
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--reflog")) {
 		add_reflogs_to_pending(revs, *flags);
@@ -2135,19 +2273,21 @@ static int handle_revision_pseudo_opt(const char *submodule,
 		*flags ^= UNINTERESTING | BOTTOM;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-walk")) {
 		revs->no_walk = REVISION_WALK_NO_WALK_SORTED;
-	} else if (starts_with(arg, "--no-walk=")) {
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, "--no-walk=", &optarg)) {
 		/*
 		 * Detached form ("--no-walk X" as opposed to "--no-walk=X")
 		 * not allowed, since the argument is optional.
 		 */
-		if (!strcmp(arg + 10, "sorted"))
+		if (!strcmp(optarg, "sorted"))
 			revs->no_walk = REVISION_WALK_NO_WALK_SORTED;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg + 10, "unsorted"))
+		else if (!strcmp(optarg, "unsorted"))
 			revs->no_walk = REVISION_WALK_NO_WALK_UNSORTED;
 		else
 			return error("invalid argument to --no-walk");
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--do-walk")) {
 		revs->no_walk = 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--single-worktree")) {
+		revs->single_worktree = 1;
 	} else {
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -2155,6 +2295,20 @@ static int handle_revision_pseudo_opt(const char *submodule,
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static void NORETURN diagnose_missing_default(const char *def)
+{
+	int flags;
+	const char *refname;
+
+	refname = resolve_ref_unsafe(def, 0, NULL, &flags);
+	if (!refname || !(flags & REF_ISSYMREF) || (flags & REF_ISBROKEN))
+		die(_("your current branch appears to be broken"));
+
+	skip_prefix(refname, "refs/heads/", &refname);
+	die(_("your current branch '%s' does not have any commits yet"),
+	    refname);
+}
+
 /*
  * Parse revision information, filling in the "rev_info" structure,
  * and removing the used arguments from the argument list.
@@ -2165,10 +2319,9 @@ static int handle_revision_pseudo_opt(const char *submodule,
 int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, struct setup_revision_opt *opt)
 {
 	int i, flags, left, seen_dashdash, read_from_stdin, got_rev_arg = 0, revarg_opt;
-	struct cmdline_pathspec prune_data;
+	struct argv_array prune_data = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 	const char *submodule = NULL;
 
-	memset(&prune_data, 0, sizeof(prune_data));
 	if (opt)
 		submodule = opt->submodule;
 
@@ -2184,7 +2337,7 @@ int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, struct s
 			argv[i] = NULL;
 			argc = i;
 			if (argv[i + 1])
-				append_prune_data(&prune_data, argv + i + 1);
+				argv_array_pushv(&prune_data, argv + i + 1);
 			seen_dashdash = 1;
 			break;
 		}
@@ -2245,14 +2398,14 @@ int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, struct s
 			for (j = i; j < argc; j++)
 				verify_filename(revs->prefix, argv[j], j == i);
 
-			append_prune_data(&prune_data, argv + i);
+			argv_array_pushv(&prune_data, argv + i);
 			break;
 		}
 		else
 			got_rev_arg = 1;
 	}
 
-	if (prune_data.nr) {
+	if (prune_data.argc) {
 		/*
 		 * If we need to introduce the magic "a lone ':' means no
 		 * pathspec whatsoever", here is the place to do so.
@@ -2267,11 +2420,10 @@ int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, struct s
 		 *	call init_pathspec() to set revs->prune_data here.
 		 * }
 		 */
-		ALLOC_GROW(prune_data.path, prune_data.nr + 1, prune_data.alloc);
-		prune_data.path[prune_data.nr++] = NULL;
 		parse_pathspec(&revs->prune_data, 0, 0,
-			       revs->prefix, prune_data.path);
+			       revs->prefix, prune_data.argv);
 	}
+	argv_array_clear(&prune_data);
 
 	if (revs->def == NULL)
 		revs->def = opt ? opt->def : NULL;
@@ -2279,13 +2431,13 @@ int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, struct s
 		opt->tweak(revs, opt);
 	if (revs->show_merge)
 		prepare_show_merge(revs);
-	if (revs->def && !revs->pending.nr && !got_rev_arg) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+	if (revs->def && !revs->pending.nr && !revs->rev_input_given && !got_rev_arg) {
+		struct object_id oid;
 		struct object *object;
 		struct object_context oc;
-		if (get_sha1_with_context(revs->def, 0, sha1, &oc))
-			die("bad default revision '%s'", revs->def);
-		object = get_reference(revs, revs->def, sha1, 0);
+		if (get_oid_with_context(revs->def, 0, &oid, &oc))
+			diagnose_missing_default(revs->def);
+		object = get_reference(revs, revs->def, &oid, 0);
 		add_pending_object_with_mode(revs, object, revs->def, oc.mode);
 	}
 
@@ -2294,18 +2446,21 @@ int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, struct s
 		revs->diff = 1;
 
 	/* Pickaxe, diff-filter and rename following need diffs */
-	if (revs->diffopt.pickaxe ||
+	if ((revs->diffopt.pickaxe_opts & DIFF_PICKAXE_KINDS_MASK) ||
 	    revs->diffopt.filter ||
-	    DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES))
+	    revs->diffopt.flags.follow_renames)
 		revs->diff = 1;
 
+	if (revs->diffopt.objfind)
+		revs->simplify_history = 0;
+
 	if (revs->topo_order)
 		revs->limited = 1;
 
 	if (revs->prune_data.nr) {
 		copy_pathspec(&revs->pruning.pathspec, &revs->prune_data);
 		/* Can't prune commits with rename following: the paths change.. */
-		if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES))
+		if (!revs->diffopt.flags.follow_renames)
 			revs->prune = 1;
 		if (!revs->full_diff)
 			copy_pathspec(&revs->diffopt.pathspec,
@@ -2328,6 +2483,8 @@ int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, struct s
 
 	if (revs->reverse && revs->reflog_info)
 		die("cannot combine --reverse with --walk-reflogs");
+	if (revs->reflog_info && revs->limited)
+		die("cannot combine --walk-reflogs with history-limiting options");
 	if (revs->rewrite_parents && revs->children.name)
 		die("cannot combine --parents and --children");
 
@@ -2339,9 +2496,17 @@ int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, struct s
 
 	if (revs->reflog_info && revs->graph)
 		die("cannot combine --walk-reflogs with --graph");
+	if (revs->no_walk && revs->graph)
+		die("cannot combine --no-walk with --graph");
 	if (!revs->reflog_info && revs->grep_filter.use_reflog_filter)
 		die("cannot use --grep-reflog without --walk-reflogs");
 
+	if (revs->first_parent_only && revs->bisect)
+		die(_("--first-parent is incompatible with --bisect"));
+
+	if (revs->expand_tabs_in_log < 0)
+		revs->expand_tabs_in_log = revs->expand_tabs_in_log_default;
+
 	return left;
 }
 
@@ -2681,10 +2846,7 @@ static void simplify_merges(struct rev_info *revs)
 		yet_to_do = NULL;
 		tail = &yet_to_do;
 		while (list) {
-			commit = list->item;
-			next = list->next;
-			free(list);
-			list = next;
+			commit = pop_commit(&list);
 			tail = simplify_one(revs, commit, tail);
 		}
 	}
@@ -2696,10 +2858,7 @@ static void simplify_merges(struct rev_info *revs)
 	while (list) {
 		struct merge_simplify_state *st;
 
-		commit = list->item;
-		next = list->next;
-		free(list);
-		list = next;
+		commit = pop_commit(&list);
 		st = locate_simplify_state(revs, commit);
 		if (st->simplified == commit)
 			tail = &commit_list_insert(commit, tail)->next;
@@ -2723,6 +2882,16 @@ void reset_revision_walk(void)
 	clear_object_flags(SEEN | ADDED | SHOWN);
 }
 
+static int mark_uninteresting(const struct object_id *oid,
+			      struct packed_git *pack,
+			      uint32_t pos,
+			      void *unused)
+{
+	struct object *o = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
+	o->flags |= UNINTERESTING | SEEN;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int prepare_revision_walk(struct rev_info *revs)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -2743,14 +2912,18 @@ int prepare_revision_walk(struct rev_info *revs)
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	if (!revs->leak_pending)
-		object_array_clear(&old_pending);
+	object_array_clear(&old_pending);
 
 	/* Signal whether we need per-parent treesame decoration */
 	if (revs->simplify_merges ||
 	    (revs->limited && limiting_can_increase_treesame(revs)))
 		revs->treesame.name = "treesame";
 
+	if (revs->exclude_promisor_objects) {
+		for_each_packed_object(mark_uninteresting, NULL,
+				       FOR_EACH_OBJECT_PROMISOR_ONLY);
+	}
+
 	if (revs->no_walk != REVISION_WALK_NO_WALK_UNSORTED)
 		commit_list_sort_by_date(&revs->commits);
 	if (revs->no_walk)
@@ -2899,7 +3072,7 @@ static int commit_match(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *opt)
 	if (opt->show_notes) {
 		if (!buf.len)
 			strbuf_addstr(&buf, message);
-		format_display_notes(commit->object.sha1, &buf, encoding, 1);
+		format_display_notes(&commit->object.oid, &buf, encoding, 1);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -2925,18 +3098,29 @@ static inline int want_ancestry(const struct rev_info *revs)
 	return (revs->rewrite_parents || revs->children.name);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Return a timestamp to be used for --since/--until comparisons for this
+ * commit, based on the revision options.
+ */
+static timestamp_t comparison_date(const struct rev_info *revs,
+				   struct commit *commit)
+{
+	return revs->reflog_info ?
+		get_reflog_timestamp(revs->reflog_info) :
+		commit->date;
+}
+
 enum commit_action get_commit_action(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 {
 	if (commit->object.flags & SHOWN)
 		return commit_ignore;
-	if (revs->unpacked && has_sha1_pack(commit->object.sha1))
+	if (revs->unpacked && has_object_pack(&commit->object.oid))
 		return commit_ignore;
-	if (revs->show_all)
-		return commit_show;
 	if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
 		return commit_ignore;
-	if (revs->min_age != -1 && (commit->date > revs->min_age))
-		return commit_ignore;
+	if (revs->min_age != -1 &&
+	    comparison_date(revs, commit) > revs->min_age)
+			return commit_ignore;
 	if (revs->min_parents || (revs->max_parents >= 0)) {
 		int n = commit_list_count(commit->parents);
 		if ((n < revs->min_parents) ||
@@ -3030,7 +3214,6 @@ enum commit_action simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 	enum commit_action action = get_commit_action(revs, commit);
 
 	if (action == commit_show &&
-	    !revs->show_all &&
 	    revs->prune && revs->dense && want_ancestry(revs)) {
 		/*
 		 * --full-diff on simplified parents is no good: it
@@ -3055,7 +3238,7 @@ static void track_linear(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 		struct commit_list *p;
 		for (p = revs->previous_parents; p; p = p->next)
 			if (p->item == NULL || /* first commit */
-			    !hashcmp(p->item->object.sha1, commit->object.sha1))
+			    !oidcmp(&p->item->object.oid, &commit->object.oid))
 				break;
 		revs->linear = p != NULL;
 	}
@@ -3069,21 +3252,19 @@ static void track_linear(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 
 static struct commit *get_revision_1(struct rev_info *revs)
 {
-	if (!revs->commits)
-		return NULL;
+	while (1) {
+		struct commit *commit;
 
-	do {
-		struct commit_list *entry = revs->commits;
-		struct commit *commit = entry->item;
+		if (revs->reflog_info)
+			commit = next_reflog_entry(revs->reflog_info);
+		else
+			commit = pop_commit(&revs->commits);
 
-		revs->commits = entry->next;
-		free(entry);
+		if (!commit)
+			return NULL;
 
-		if (revs->reflog_info) {
-			save_parents(revs, commit);
-			fake_reflog_parent(revs->reflog_info, commit);
+		if (revs->reflog_info)
 			commit->object.flags &= ~(ADDED | SEEN | SHOWN);
-		}
 
 		/*
 		 * If we haven't done the list limiting, we need to look at
@@ -3092,12 +3273,15 @@ static struct commit *get_revision_1(struct rev_info *revs)
 		 */
 		if (!revs->limited) {
 			if (revs->max_age != -1 &&
-			    (commit->date < revs->max_age))
+			    comparison_date(revs, commit) < revs->max_age)
 				continue;
-			if (add_parents_to_list(revs, commit, &revs->commits, NULL) < 0) {
+
+			if (revs->reflog_info)
+				try_to_simplify_commit(revs, commit);
+			else if (add_parents_to_list(revs, commit, &revs->commits, NULL) < 0) {
 				if (!revs->ignore_missing_links)
 					die("Failed to traverse parents of commit %s",
-						sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+						oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -3106,14 +3290,13 @@ static struct commit *get_revision_1(struct rev_info *revs)
 			continue;
 		case commit_error:
 			die("Failed to simplify parents of commit %s",
-			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+			    oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 		default:
 			if (revs->track_linear)
 				track_linear(revs, commit);
 			return commit;
 		}
-	} while (revs->commits);
-	return NULL;
+	}
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/revision.h b/revision.h
index 0ea8b4e255..007278cc11 100644
--- a/revision.h
+++ b/revision.h
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 #ifndef REVISION_H
 #define REVISION_H
 
+#include "commit.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "grep.h"
 #include "notes.h"
-#include "commit.h"
+#include "pretty.h"
 #include "diff.h"
+#include "commit-slab-decl.h"
 
 /* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
 #define SEEN		(1u<<0)
@@ -19,8 +21,9 @@
 #define SYMMETRIC_LEFT	(1u<<8)
 #define PATCHSAME	(1u<<9)
 #define BOTTOM		(1u<<10)
+#define USER_GIVEN	(1u<<25) /* given directly by the user */
 #define TRACK_LINEAR	(1u<<26)
-#define ALL_REV_FLAGS	(((1u<<11)-1) | TRACK_LINEAR)
+#define ALL_REV_FLAGS	(((1u<<11)-1) | USER_GIVEN | TRACK_LINEAR)
 
 #define DECORATE_SHORT_REFS	1
 #define DECORATE_FULL_REFS	2
@@ -29,6 +32,7 @@ struct rev_info;
 struct log_info;
 struct string_list;
 struct saved_parents;
+define_shared_commit_slab(revision_sources, char *);
 
 struct rev_cmdline_info {
 	unsigned int nr;
@@ -71,23 +75,31 @@ struct rev_info {
 	const char *def;
 	struct pathspec prune_data;
 
+	/*
+	 * Whether the arguments parsed by setup_revisions() included any
+	 * "input" revisions that might still have yielded an empty pending
+	 * list (e.g., patterns like "--all" or "--glob").
+	 */
+	int rev_input_given;
+
 	/* topo-sort */
 	enum rev_sort_order sort_order;
 
-	unsigned int	early_output:1,
-			ignore_missing:1,
+	unsigned int early_output;
+
+	unsigned int	ignore_missing:1,
 			ignore_missing_links:1;
 
 	/* Traversal flags */
 	unsigned int	dense:1,
 			prune:1,
 			no_walk:2,
-			show_all:1,
 			remove_empty_trees:1,
 			simplify_history:1,
 			topo_order:1,
 			simplify_merges:1,
 			simplify_by_decoration:1,
+			single_worktree:1,
 			tag_objects:1,
 			tree_objects:1,
 			blob_objects:1,
@@ -103,7 +115,6 @@ struct rev_info {
 			right_only:1,
 			rewrite_parents:1,
 			print_parents:1,
-			show_source:1,
 			show_decorations:1,
 			reverse:1,
 			reverse_output_stage:1,
@@ -112,7 +123,11 @@ struct rev_info {
 			bisect:1,
 			ancestry_path:1,
 			first_parent_only:1,
-			line_level_traverse:1;
+			line_level_traverse:1,
+			tree_blobs_in_commit_order:1,
+
+			/* for internal use only */
+			exclude_promisor_objects:1;
 
 	/* Diff flags */
 	unsigned int	diff:1,
@@ -135,18 +150,20 @@ struct rev_info {
 			pretty_given:1,
 			abbrev_commit:1,
 			abbrev_commit_given:1,
+			zero_commit:1,
 			use_terminator:1,
 			missing_newline:1,
 			date_mode_explicit:1,
 			preserve_subject:1;
 	unsigned int	disable_stdin:1;
-	unsigned int	leak_pending:1;
 	/* --show-linear-break */
 	unsigned int	track_linear:1,
 			track_first_time:1,
 			linear:1;
 
-	enum date_mode date_mode;
+	struct date_mode date_mode;
+	int		expand_tabs_in_log; /* unset if negative */
+	int		expand_tabs_in_log_default;
 
 	unsigned int	abbrev;
 	enum cmit_fmt	commit_format;
@@ -178,8 +195,8 @@ struct rev_info {
 	/* special limits */
 	int skip_count;
 	int max_count;
-	unsigned long max_age;
-	unsigned long min_age;
+	timestamp_t max_age;
+	timestamp_t min_age;
 	int min_parents;
 	int max_parents;
 	int (*include_check)(struct commit *, void *);
@@ -210,9 +227,11 @@ struct rev_info {
 
 	struct commit_list *previous_parents;
 	const char *break_bar;
+
+	struct revision_sources *sources;
 };
 
-extern int ref_excluded(struct string_list *, const char *path);
+int ref_excluded(struct string_list *, const char *path);
 void clear_ref_exclusion(struct string_list **);
 void add_ref_exclusion(struct string_list **, const char *exclude);
 
@@ -234,48 +253,39 @@ struct setup_revision_opt {
 	unsigned revarg_opt;
 };
 
-extern void init_revisions(struct rev_info *revs, const char *prefix);
-extern int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs,
-			   struct setup_revision_opt *);
-extern void parse_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
-			       const struct option *options,
-			       const char * const usagestr[]);
+void init_revisions(struct rev_info *revs, const char *prefix);
+int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs,
+		    struct setup_revision_opt *);
+void parse_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
+			const struct option *options,
+			const char * const usagestr[]);
 #define REVARG_CANNOT_BE_FILENAME 01
 #define REVARG_COMMITTISH 02
-extern int handle_revision_arg(const char *arg, struct rev_info *revs,
-			       int flags, unsigned revarg_opt);
-
-extern void reset_revision_walk(void);
-extern int prepare_revision_walk(struct rev_info *revs);
-extern struct commit *get_revision(struct rev_info *revs);
-extern char *get_revision_mark(const struct rev_info *revs,
-			       const struct commit *commit);
-extern void put_revision_mark(const struct rev_info *revs,
-			      const struct commit *commit);
-
-extern void mark_parents_uninteresting(struct commit *commit);
-extern void mark_tree_uninteresting(struct tree *tree);
-
-struct name_path {
-	struct name_path *up;
-	int elem_len;
-	const char *elem;
-};
+int handle_revision_arg(const char *arg, struct rev_info *revs,
+			int flags, unsigned revarg_opt);
+
+void reset_revision_walk(void);
+int prepare_revision_walk(struct rev_info *revs);
+struct commit *get_revision(struct rev_info *revs);
+char *get_revision_mark(const struct rev_info *revs,
+			const struct commit *commit);
+void put_revision_mark(const struct rev_info *revs,
+		       const struct commit *commit);
 
-char *path_name(const struct name_path *path, const char *name);
+void mark_parents_uninteresting(struct commit *commit);
+void mark_tree_uninteresting(struct tree *tree);
 
-extern void show_object_with_name(FILE *, struct object *,
-				  const struct name_path *, const char *);
+void show_object_with_name(FILE *, struct object *, const char *);
 
-extern void add_pending_object(struct rev_info *revs,
-			       struct object *obj, const char *name);
-extern void add_pending_sha1(struct rev_info *revs,
-			     const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1,
-			     unsigned int flags);
+void add_pending_object(struct rev_info *revs,
+			struct object *obj, const char *name);
+void add_pending_oid(struct rev_info *revs,
+		     const char *name, const struct object_id *oid,
+		     unsigned int flags);
 
-extern void add_head_to_pending(struct rev_info *);
-extern void add_reflogs_to_pending(struct rev_info *, unsigned int flags);
-extern void add_index_objects_to_pending(struct rev_info *, unsigned int flags);
+void add_head_to_pending(struct rev_info *);
+void add_reflogs_to_pending(struct rev_info *, unsigned int flags);
+void add_index_objects_to_pending(struct rev_info *, unsigned int flags);
 
 enum commit_action {
 	commit_ignore,
@@ -283,10 +293,10 @@ enum commit_action {
 	commit_error
 };
 
-extern enum commit_action get_commit_action(struct rev_info *revs,
-					    struct commit *commit);
-extern enum commit_action simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs,
-					  struct commit *commit);
+enum commit_action get_commit_action(struct rev_info *revs,
+				     struct commit *commit);
+enum commit_action simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs,
+				   struct commit *commit);
 
 enum rewrite_result {
 	rewrite_one_ok,
@@ -296,8 +306,9 @@ enum rewrite_result {
 
 typedef enum rewrite_result (*rewrite_parent_fn_t)(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit **pp);
 
-extern int rewrite_parents(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit,
-	rewrite_parent_fn_t rewrite_parent);
+int rewrite_parents(struct rev_info *revs,
+		    struct commit *commit,
+		    rewrite_parent_fn_t rewrite_parent);
 
 /*
  * The log machinery saves the original parent list so that
@@ -308,6 +319,6 @@ extern int rewrite_parents(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit,
  * get_saved_parents() will transparently return commit->parents if
  * history simplification is off.
  */
-extern struct commit_list *get_saved_parents(struct rev_info *revs, const struct commit *commit);
+struct commit_list *get_saved_parents(struct rev_info *revs, const struct commit *commit);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/run-command.c b/run-command.c
index 0b432cc971..84b883c213 100644
--- a/run-command.c
+++ b/run-command.c
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
-
-#ifndef SHELL_PATH
-# define SHELL_PATH "/bin/sh"
-#endif
+#include "thread-utils.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "quote.h"
 
 void child_process_init(struct child_process *child)
 {
@@ -15,39 +15,79 @@ void child_process_init(struct child_process *child)
 	argv_array_init(&child->env_array);
 }
 
+void child_process_clear(struct child_process *child)
+{
+	argv_array_clear(&child->args);
+	argv_array_clear(&child->env_array);
+}
+
 struct child_to_clean {
 	pid_t pid;
+	struct child_process *process;
 	struct child_to_clean *next;
 };
 static struct child_to_clean *children_to_clean;
 static int installed_child_cleanup_handler;
 
-static void cleanup_children(int sig)
+static void cleanup_children(int sig, int in_signal)
 {
+	struct child_to_clean *children_to_wait_for = NULL;
+
 	while (children_to_clean) {
 		struct child_to_clean *p = children_to_clean;
 		children_to_clean = p->next;
+
+		if (p->process && !in_signal) {
+			struct child_process *process = p->process;
+			if (process->clean_on_exit_handler) {
+				trace_printf(
+					"trace: run_command: running exit handler for pid %"
+					PRIuMAX, (uintmax_t)p->pid
+				);
+				process->clean_on_exit_handler(process);
+			}
+		}
+
 		kill(p->pid, sig);
-		free(p);
+
+		if (p->process && p->process->wait_after_clean) {
+			p->next = children_to_wait_for;
+			children_to_wait_for = p;
+		} else {
+			if (!in_signal)
+				free(p);
+		}
+	}
+
+	while (children_to_wait_for) {
+		struct child_to_clean *p = children_to_wait_for;
+		children_to_wait_for = p->next;
+
+		while (waitpid(p->pid, NULL, 0) < 0 && errno == EINTR)
+			; /* spin waiting for process exit or error */
+
+		if (!in_signal)
+			free(p);
 	}
 }
 
 static void cleanup_children_on_signal(int sig)
 {
-	cleanup_children(sig);
+	cleanup_children(sig, 1);
 	sigchain_pop(sig);
 	raise(sig);
 }
 
 static void cleanup_children_on_exit(void)
 {
-	cleanup_children(SIGTERM);
+	cleanup_children(SIGTERM, 0);
 }
 
-static void mark_child_for_cleanup(pid_t pid)
+static void mark_child_for_cleanup(pid_t pid, struct child_process *process)
 {
 	struct child_to_clean *p = xmalloc(sizeof(*p));
 	p->pid = pid;
+	p->process = process;
 	p->next = children_to_clean;
 	children_to_clean = p;
 
@@ -79,18 +119,65 @@ static inline void close_pair(int fd[2])
 	close(fd[1]);
 }
 
-#ifndef GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE
-static inline void dup_devnull(int to)
+int is_executable(const char *name)
 {
-	int fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno(_("open /dev/null failed"));
-	if (dup2(fd, to) < 0)
-		die_errno(_("dup2(%d,%d) failed"), fd, to);
-	close(fd);
+	struct stat st;
+
+	if (stat(name, &st) || /* stat, not lstat */
+	    !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+		return 0;
+
+#if defined(GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE)
+	/*
+	 * On Windows there is no executable bit. The file extension
+	 * indicates whether it can be run as an executable, and Git
+	 * has special-handling to detect scripts and launch them
+	 * through the indicated script interpreter. We test for the
+	 * file extension first because virus scanners may make
+	 * it quite expensive to open many files.
+	 */
+	if (ends_with(name, ".exe"))
+		return S_IXUSR;
+
+{
+	/*
+	 * Now that we know it does not have an executable extension,
+	 * peek into the file instead.
+	 */
+	char buf[3] = { 0 };
+	int n;
+	int fd = open(name, O_RDONLY);
+	st.st_mode &= ~S_IXUSR;
+	if (fd >= 0) {
+		n = read(fd, buf, 2);
+		if (n == 2)
+			/* look for a she-bang */
+			if (!strcmp(buf, "#!"))
+				st.st_mode |= S_IXUSR;
+		close(fd);
+	}
 }
 #endif
+	return st.st_mode & S_IXUSR;
+}
 
+/*
+ * Search $PATH for a command.  This emulates the path search that
+ * execvp would perform, without actually executing the command so it
+ * can be used before fork() to prepare to run a command using
+ * execve() or after execvp() to diagnose why it failed.
+ *
+ * The caller should ensure that file contains no directory
+ * separators.
+ *
+ * Returns the path to the command, as found in $PATH or NULL if the
+ * command could not be found.  The caller inherits ownership of the memory
+ * used to store the resultant path.
+ *
+ * This should not be used on Windows, where the $PATH search rules
+ * are more complicated (e.g., a search for "foo" should find
+ * "foo.exe").
+ */
 static char *locate_in_PATH(const char *file)
 {
 	const char *p = getenv("PATH");
@@ -111,7 +198,7 @@ static char *locate_in_PATH(const char *file)
 		}
 		strbuf_addstr(&buf, file);
 
-		if (!access(buf.buf, F_OK))
+		if (is_executable(buf.buf))
 			return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 
 		if (!*end)
@@ -155,79 +242,272 @@ int sane_execvp(const char *file, char * const argv[])
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static const char **prepare_shell_cmd(const char **argv)
+static const char **prepare_shell_cmd(struct argv_array *out, const char **argv)
 {
-	int argc, nargc = 0;
-	const char **nargv;
-
-	for (argc = 0; argv[argc]; argc++)
-		; /* just counting */
-	/* +1 for NULL, +3 for "sh -c" plus extra $0 */
-	nargv = xmalloc(sizeof(*nargv) * (argc + 1 + 3));
-
-	if (argc < 1)
-		die("BUG: shell command is empty");
+	if (!argv[0])
+		BUG("shell command is empty");
 
 	if (strcspn(argv[0], "|&;<>()$`\\\"' \t\n*?[#~=%") != strlen(argv[0])) {
 #ifndef GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE
-		nargv[nargc++] = SHELL_PATH;
+		argv_array_push(out, SHELL_PATH);
 #else
-		nargv[nargc++] = "sh";
+		argv_array_push(out, "sh");
 #endif
-		nargv[nargc++] = "-c";
-
-		if (argc < 2)
-			nargv[nargc++] = argv[0];
-		else {
-			struct strbuf arg0 = STRBUF_INIT;
-			strbuf_addf(&arg0, "%s \"$@\"", argv[0]);
-			nargv[nargc++] = strbuf_detach(&arg0, NULL);
-		}
-	}
+		argv_array_push(out, "-c");
 
-	for (argc = 0; argv[argc]; argc++)
-		nargv[nargc++] = argv[argc];
-	nargv[nargc] = NULL;
+		/*
+		 * If we have no extra arguments, we do not even need to
+		 * bother with the "$@" magic.
+		 */
+		if (!argv[1])
+			argv_array_push(out, argv[0]);
+		else
+			argv_array_pushf(out, "%s \"$@\"", argv[0]);
+	}
 
-	return nargv;
+	argv_array_pushv(out, argv);
+	return out->argv;
 }
 
 #ifndef GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE
-static int execv_shell_cmd(const char **argv)
+static int child_notifier = -1;
+
+enum child_errcode {
+	CHILD_ERR_CHDIR,
+	CHILD_ERR_DUP2,
+	CHILD_ERR_CLOSE,
+	CHILD_ERR_SIGPROCMASK,
+	CHILD_ERR_ENOENT,
+	CHILD_ERR_SILENT,
+	CHILD_ERR_ERRNO
+};
+
+struct child_err {
+	enum child_errcode err;
+	int syserr; /* errno */
+};
+
+static void child_die(enum child_errcode err)
 {
-	const char **nargv = prepare_shell_cmd(argv);
-	trace_argv_printf(nargv, "trace: exec:");
-	sane_execvp(nargv[0], (char **)nargv);
-	free(nargv);
-	return -1;
+	struct child_err buf;
+
+	buf.err = err;
+	buf.syserr = errno;
+
+	/* write(2) on buf smaller than PIPE_BUF (min 512) is atomic: */
+	xwrite(child_notifier, &buf, sizeof(buf));
+	_exit(1);
 }
-#endif
 
-#ifndef GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE
-static int child_err = 2;
-static int child_notifier = -1;
+static void child_dup2(int fd, int to)
+{
+	if (dup2(fd, to) < 0)
+		child_die(CHILD_ERR_DUP2);
+}
+
+static void child_close(int fd)
+{
+	if (close(fd))
+		child_die(CHILD_ERR_CLOSE);
+}
+
+static void child_close_pair(int fd[2])
+{
+	child_close(fd[0]);
+	child_close(fd[1]);
+}
+
+/*
+ * parent will make it look like the child spewed a fatal error and died
+ * this is needed to prevent changes to t0061.
+ */
+static void fake_fatal(const char *err, va_list params)
+{
+	vreportf("fatal: ", err, params);
+}
+
+static void child_error_fn(const char *err, va_list params)
+{
+	const char msg[] = "error() should not be called in child\n";
+	xwrite(2, msg, sizeof(msg) - 1);
+}
+
+static void child_warn_fn(const char *err, va_list params)
+{
+	const char msg[] = "warn() should not be called in child\n";
+	xwrite(2, msg, sizeof(msg) - 1);
+}
 
-static void notify_parent(void)
+static void NORETURN child_die_fn(const char *err, va_list params)
 {
+	const char msg[] = "die() should not be called in child\n";
+	xwrite(2, msg, sizeof(msg) - 1);
+	_exit(2);
+}
+
+/* this runs in the parent process */
+static void child_err_spew(struct child_process *cmd, struct child_err *cerr)
+{
+	static void (*old_errfn)(const char *err, va_list params);
+
+	old_errfn = get_error_routine();
+	set_error_routine(fake_fatal);
+	errno = cerr->syserr;
+
+	switch (cerr->err) {
+	case CHILD_ERR_CHDIR:
+		error_errno("exec '%s': cd to '%s' failed",
+			    cmd->argv[0], cmd->dir);
+		break;
+	case CHILD_ERR_DUP2:
+		error_errno("dup2() in child failed");
+		break;
+	case CHILD_ERR_CLOSE:
+		error_errno("close() in child failed");
+		break;
+	case CHILD_ERR_SIGPROCMASK:
+		error_errno("sigprocmask failed restoring signals");
+		break;
+	case CHILD_ERR_ENOENT:
+		error_errno("cannot run %s", cmd->argv[0]);
+		break;
+	case CHILD_ERR_SILENT:
+		break;
+	case CHILD_ERR_ERRNO:
+		error_errno("cannot exec '%s'", cmd->argv[0]);
+		break;
+	}
+	set_error_routine(old_errfn);
+}
+
+static void prepare_cmd(struct argv_array *out, const struct child_process *cmd)
+{
+	if (!cmd->argv[0])
+		BUG("command is empty");
+
+	/*
+	 * Add SHELL_PATH so in the event exec fails with ENOEXEC we can
+	 * attempt to interpret the command with 'sh'.
+	 */
+	argv_array_push(out, SHELL_PATH);
+
+	if (cmd->git_cmd) {
+		argv_array_push(out, "git");
+		argv_array_pushv(out, cmd->argv);
+	} else if (cmd->use_shell) {
+		prepare_shell_cmd(out, cmd->argv);
+	} else {
+		argv_array_pushv(out, cmd->argv);
+	}
+
 	/*
-	 * execvp failed.  If possible, we'd like to let start_command
-	 * know, so failures like ENOENT can be handled right away; but
-	 * otherwise, finish_command will still report the error.
+	 * If there are no '/' characters in the command then perform a path
+	 * lookup and use the resolved path as the command to exec.  If there
+	 * are no '/' characters or if the command wasn't found in the path,
+	 * have exec attempt to invoke the command directly.
 	 */
-	xwrite(child_notifier, "", 1);
+	if (!strchr(out->argv[1], '/')) {
+		char *program = locate_in_PATH(out->argv[1]);
+		if (program) {
+			free((char *)out->argv[1]);
+			out->argv[1] = program;
+		}
+	}
 }
 
-static NORETURN void die_child(const char *err, va_list params)
+static char **prep_childenv(const char *const *deltaenv)
 {
-	vwritef(child_err, "fatal: ", err, params);
-	exit(128);
+	extern char **environ;
+	char **childenv;
+	struct string_list env = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *const *p;
+	int i;
+
+	/* Construct a sorted string list consisting of the current environ */
+	for (p = (const char *const *) environ; p && *p; p++) {
+		const char *equals = strchr(*p, '=');
+
+		if (equals) {
+			strbuf_reset(&key);
+			strbuf_add(&key, *p, equals - *p);
+			string_list_append(&env, key.buf)->util = (void *) *p;
+		} else {
+			string_list_append(&env, *p)->util = (void *) *p;
+		}
+	}
+	string_list_sort(&env);
+
+	/* Merge in 'deltaenv' with the current environ */
+	for (p = deltaenv; p && *p; p++) {
+		const char *equals = strchr(*p, '=');
+
+		if (equals) {
+			/* ('key=value'), insert or replace entry */
+			strbuf_reset(&key);
+			strbuf_add(&key, *p, equals - *p);
+			string_list_insert(&env, key.buf)->util = (void *) *p;
+		} else {
+			/* otherwise ('key') remove existing entry */
+			string_list_remove(&env, *p, 0);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Create an array of 'char *' to be used as the childenv */
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(childenv, env.nr + 1);
+	for (i = 0; i < env.nr; i++)
+		childenv[i] = env.items[i].util;
+	childenv[env.nr] = NULL;
+
+	string_list_clear(&env, 0);
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	return childenv;
 }
 
-static void error_child(const char *err, va_list params)
+struct atfork_state {
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	int cs;
+#endif
+	sigset_t old;
+};
+
+#define CHECK_BUG(err, msg) \
+	do { \
+		int e = (err); \
+		if (e) \
+			BUG("%s: %s", msg, strerror(e)); \
+	} while(0)
+
+static void atfork_prepare(struct atfork_state *as)
 {
-	vwritef(child_err, "error: ", err, params);
+	sigset_t all;
+
+	if (sigfillset(&all))
+		die_errno("sigfillset");
+#ifdef NO_PTHREADS
+	if (sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &all, &as->old))
+		die_errno("sigprocmask");
+#else
+	CHECK_BUG(pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK, &all, &as->old),
+		"blocking all signals");
+	CHECK_BUG(pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, &as->cs),
+		"disabling cancellation");
+#endif
 }
+
+static void atfork_parent(struct atfork_state *as)
+{
+#ifdef NO_PTHREADS
+	if (sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &as->old, NULL))
+		die_errno("sigprocmask");
+#else
+	CHECK_BUG(pthread_setcancelstate(as->cs, NULL),
+		"re-enabling cancellation");
+	CHECK_BUG(pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK, &as->old, NULL),
+		"restoring signal mask");
 #endif
+}
+#endif /* GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE */
 
 static inline void set_cloexec(int fd)
 {
@@ -236,7 +516,7 @@ static inline void set_cloexec(int fd)
 		fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, flags | FD_CLOEXEC);
 }
 
-static int wait_or_whine(pid_t pid, const char *argv0)
+static int wait_or_whine(pid_t pid, const char *argv0, int in_signal)
 {
 	int status, code = -1;
 	pid_t waiting;
@@ -244,15 +524,17 @@ static int wait_or_whine(pid_t pid, const char *argv0)
 
 	while ((waiting = waitpid(pid, &status, 0)) < 0 && errno == EINTR)
 		;	/* nothing */
+	if (in_signal)
+		return 0;
 
 	if (waiting < 0) {
 		failed_errno = errno;
-		error("waitpid for %s failed: %s", argv0, strerror(errno));
+		error_errno("waitpid for %s failed", argv0);
 	} else if (waiting != pid) {
 		error("waitpid is confused (%s)", argv0);
 	} else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
 		code = WTERMSIG(status);
-		if (code != SIGINT && code != SIGQUIT)
+		if (code != SIGINT && code != SIGQUIT && code != SIGPIPE)
 			error("%s died of signal %d", argv0, code);
 		/*
 		 * This return value is chosen so that code & 0xff
@@ -262,13 +544,6 @@ static int wait_or_whine(pid_t pid, const char *argv0)
 		code += 128;
 	} else if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
 		code = WEXITSTATUS(status);
-		/*
-		 * Convert special exit code when execvp failed.
-		 */
-		if (code == 127) {
-			code = -1;
-			failed_errno = ENOENT;
-		}
 	} else {
 		error("waitpid is confused (%s)", argv0);
 	}
@@ -279,6 +554,90 @@ static int wait_or_whine(pid_t pid, const char *argv0)
 	return code;
 }
 
+static void trace_add_env(struct strbuf *dst, const char *const *deltaenv)
+{
+	struct string_list envs = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	const char *const *e;
+	int i;
+	int printed_unset = 0;
+
+	/* Last one wins, see run-command.c:prep_childenv() for context */
+	for (e = deltaenv; e && *e; e++) {
+		struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+		char *equals = strchr(*e, '=');
+
+		if (equals) {
+			strbuf_add(&key, *e, equals - *e);
+			string_list_insert(&envs, key.buf)->util = equals + 1;
+		} else {
+			string_list_insert(&envs, *e)->util = NULL;
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&key);
+	}
+
+	/* "unset X Y...;" */
+	for (i = 0; i < envs.nr; i++) {
+		const char *var = envs.items[i].string;
+		const char *val = envs.items[i].util;
+
+		if (val || !getenv(var))
+			continue;
+
+		if (!printed_unset) {
+			strbuf_addstr(dst, " unset");
+			printed_unset = 1;
+		}
+		strbuf_addf(dst, " %s", var);
+	}
+	if (printed_unset)
+		strbuf_addch(dst, ';');
+
+	/* ... followed by "A=B C=D ..." */
+	for (i = 0; i < envs.nr; i++) {
+		const char *var = envs.items[i].string;
+		const char *val = envs.items[i].util;
+		const char *oldval;
+
+		if (!val)
+			continue;
+
+		oldval = getenv(var);
+		if (oldval && !strcmp(val, oldval))
+			continue;
+
+		strbuf_addf(dst, " %s=", var);
+		sq_quote_buf_pretty(dst, val);
+	}
+	string_list_clear(&envs, 0);
+}
+
+static void trace_run_command(const struct child_process *cp)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!trace_want(&trace_default_key))
+		return;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "trace: run_command:");
+	if (cp->dir) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, " cd ");
+		sq_quote_buf_pretty(&buf, cp->dir);
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, ';');
+	}
+	/*
+	 * The caller is responsible for initializing cp->env from
+	 * cp->env_array if needed. We only check one place.
+	 */
+	if (cp->env)
+		trace_add_env(&buf, cp->env);
+	if (cp->git_cmd)
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, " git");
+	sq_quote_argv_pretty(&buf, cp->argv);
+
+	trace_printf("%s", buf.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
 int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 {
 	int need_in, need_out, need_err;
@@ -340,130 +699,169 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 fail_pipe:
 			error("cannot create %s pipe for %s: %s",
 				str, cmd->argv[0], strerror(failed_errno));
-			argv_array_clear(&cmd->args);
-			argv_array_clear(&cmd->env_array);
+			child_process_clear(cmd);
 			errno = failed_errno;
 			return -1;
 		}
 		cmd->err = fderr[0];
 	}
 
-	trace_argv_printf(cmd->argv, "trace: run_command:");
+	trace_run_command(cmd);
+
 	fflush(NULL);
 
 #ifndef GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE
 {
 	int notify_pipe[2];
+	int null_fd = -1;
+	char **childenv;
+	struct argv_array argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct child_err cerr;
+	struct atfork_state as;
+
 	if (pipe(notify_pipe))
 		notify_pipe[0] = notify_pipe[1] = -1;
 
+	if (cmd->no_stdin || cmd->no_stdout || cmd->no_stderr) {
+		null_fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC);
+		if (null_fd < 0)
+			die_errno(_("open /dev/null failed"));
+		set_cloexec(null_fd);
+	}
+
+	prepare_cmd(&argv, cmd);
+	childenv = prep_childenv(cmd->env);
+	atfork_prepare(&as);
+
+	/*
+	 * NOTE: In order to prevent deadlocking when using threads special
+	 * care should be taken with the function calls made in between the
+	 * fork() and exec() calls.  No calls should be made to functions which
+	 * require acquiring a lock (e.g. malloc) as the lock could have been
+	 * held by another thread at the time of forking, causing the lock to
+	 * never be released in the child process.  This means only
+	 * Async-Signal-Safe functions are permitted in the child.
+	 */
 	cmd->pid = fork();
 	failed_errno = errno;
 	if (!cmd->pid) {
+		int sig;
 		/*
-		 * Redirect the channel to write syscall error messages to
-		 * before redirecting the process's stderr so that all die()
-		 * in subsequent call paths use the parent's stderr.
+		 * Ensure the default die/error/warn routines do not get
+		 * called, they can take stdio locks and malloc.
 		 */
-		if (cmd->no_stderr || need_err) {
-			child_err = dup(2);
-			set_cloexec(child_err);
-		}
-		set_die_routine(die_child);
-		set_error_routine(error_child);
+		set_die_routine(child_die_fn);
+		set_error_routine(child_error_fn);
+		set_warn_routine(child_warn_fn);
 
 		close(notify_pipe[0]);
 		set_cloexec(notify_pipe[1]);
 		child_notifier = notify_pipe[1];
-		atexit(notify_parent);
 
 		if (cmd->no_stdin)
-			dup_devnull(0);
+			child_dup2(null_fd, 0);
 		else if (need_in) {
-			dup2(fdin[0], 0);
-			close_pair(fdin);
+			child_dup2(fdin[0], 0);
+			child_close_pair(fdin);
 		} else if (cmd->in) {
-			dup2(cmd->in, 0);
-			close(cmd->in);
+			child_dup2(cmd->in, 0);
+			child_close(cmd->in);
 		}
 
 		if (cmd->no_stderr)
-			dup_devnull(2);
+			child_dup2(null_fd, 2);
 		else if (need_err) {
-			dup2(fderr[1], 2);
-			close_pair(fderr);
+			child_dup2(fderr[1], 2);
+			child_close_pair(fderr);
 		} else if (cmd->err > 1) {
-			dup2(cmd->err, 2);
-			close(cmd->err);
+			child_dup2(cmd->err, 2);
+			child_close(cmd->err);
 		}
 
 		if (cmd->no_stdout)
-			dup_devnull(1);
+			child_dup2(null_fd, 1);
 		else if (cmd->stdout_to_stderr)
-			dup2(2, 1);
+			child_dup2(2, 1);
 		else if (need_out) {
-			dup2(fdout[1], 1);
-			close_pair(fdout);
+			child_dup2(fdout[1], 1);
+			child_close_pair(fdout);
 		} else if (cmd->out > 1) {
-			dup2(cmd->out, 1);
-			close(cmd->out);
+			child_dup2(cmd->out, 1);
+			child_close(cmd->out);
 		}
 
 		if (cmd->dir && chdir(cmd->dir))
-			die_errno("exec '%s': cd to '%s' failed", cmd->argv[0],
-			    cmd->dir);
-		if (cmd->env) {
-			for (; *cmd->env; cmd->env++) {
-				if (strchr(*cmd->env, '='))
-					putenv((char *)*cmd->env);
-				else
-					unsetenv(*cmd->env);
-			}
+			child_die(CHILD_ERR_CHDIR);
+
+		/*
+		 * restore default signal handlers here, in case
+		 * we catch a signal right before execve below
+		 */
+		for (sig = 1; sig < NSIG; sig++) {
+			/* ignored signals get reset to SIG_DFL on execve */
+			if (signal(sig, SIG_DFL) == SIG_IGN)
+				signal(sig, SIG_IGN);
 		}
-		if (cmd->git_cmd)
-			execv_git_cmd(cmd->argv);
-		else if (cmd->use_shell)
-			execv_shell_cmd(cmd->argv);
-		else
-			sane_execvp(cmd->argv[0], (char *const*) cmd->argv);
+
+		if (sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &as.old, NULL) != 0)
+			child_die(CHILD_ERR_SIGPROCMASK);
+
+		/*
+		 * Attempt to exec using the command and arguments starting at
+		 * argv.argv[1].  argv.argv[0] contains SHELL_PATH which will
+		 * be used in the event exec failed with ENOEXEC at which point
+		 * we will try to interpret the command using 'sh'.
+		 */
+		execve(argv.argv[1], (char *const *) argv.argv + 1,
+		       (char *const *) childenv);
+		if (errno == ENOEXEC)
+			execve(argv.argv[0], (char *const *) argv.argv,
+			       (char *const *) childenv);
+
 		if (errno == ENOENT) {
-			if (!cmd->silent_exec_failure)
-				error("cannot run %s: %s", cmd->argv[0],
-					strerror(ENOENT));
-			exit(127);
+			if (cmd->silent_exec_failure)
+				child_die(CHILD_ERR_SILENT);
+			child_die(CHILD_ERR_ENOENT);
 		} else {
-			die_errno("cannot exec '%s'", cmd->argv[0]);
+			child_die(CHILD_ERR_ERRNO);
 		}
 	}
+	atfork_parent(&as);
 	if (cmd->pid < 0)
-		error("cannot fork() for %s: %s", cmd->argv[0],
-			strerror(errno));
+		error_errno("cannot fork() for %s", cmd->argv[0]);
 	else if (cmd->clean_on_exit)
-		mark_child_for_cleanup(cmd->pid);
+		mark_child_for_cleanup(cmd->pid, cmd);
 
 	/*
-	 * Wait for child's execvp. If the execvp succeeds (or if fork()
+	 * Wait for child's exec. If the exec succeeds (or if fork()
 	 * failed), EOF is seen immediately by the parent. Otherwise, the
-	 * child process sends a single byte.
+	 * child process sends a child_err struct.
 	 * Note that use of this infrastructure is completely advisory,
 	 * therefore, we keep error checks minimal.
 	 */
 	close(notify_pipe[1]);
-	if (read(notify_pipe[0], &notify_pipe[1], 1) == 1) {
+	if (xread(notify_pipe[0], &cerr, sizeof(cerr)) == sizeof(cerr)) {
 		/*
-		 * At this point we know that fork() succeeded, but execvp()
+		 * At this point we know that fork() succeeded, but exec()
 		 * failed. Errors have been reported to our stderr.
 		 */
-		wait_or_whine(cmd->pid, cmd->argv[0]);
+		wait_or_whine(cmd->pid, cmd->argv[0], 0);
+		child_err_spew(cmd, &cerr);
 		failed_errno = errno;
 		cmd->pid = -1;
 	}
 	close(notify_pipe[0]);
+
+	if (null_fd >= 0)
+		close(null_fd);
+	argv_array_clear(&argv);
+	free(childenv);
 }
 #else
 {
 	int fhin = 0, fhout = 1, fherr = 2;
 	const char **sargv = cmd->argv;
+	struct argv_array nargv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 
 	if (cmd->no_stdin)
 		fhin = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR);
@@ -489,21 +887,19 @@ fail_pipe:
 		fhout = dup(cmd->out);
 
 	if (cmd->git_cmd)
-		cmd->argv = prepare_git_cmd(cmd->argv);
+		cmd->argv = prepare_git_cmd(&nargv, cmd->argv);
 	else if (cmd->use_shell)
-		cmd->argv = prepare_shell_cmd(cmd->argv);
+		cmd->argv = prepare_shell_cmd(&nargv, cmd->argv);
 
 	cmd->pid = mingw_spawnvpe(cmd->argv[0], cmd->argv, (char**) cmd->env,
 			cmd->dir, fhin, fhout, fherr);
 	failed_errno = errno;
 	if (cmd->pid < 0 && (!cmd->silent_exec_failure || errno != ENOENT))
-		error("cannot spawn %s: %s", cmd->argv[0], strerror(errno));
+		error_errno("cannot spawn %s", cmd->argv[0]);
 	if (cmd->clean_on_exit && cmd->pid >= 0)
-		mark_child_for_cleanup(cmd->pid);
-
-	if (cmd->git_cmd)
-		free(cmd->argv);
+		mark_child_for_cleanup(cmd->pid, cmd);
 
+	argv_array_clear(&nargv);
 	cmd->argv = sargv;
 	if (fhin != 0)
 		close(fhin);
@@ -527,8 +923,7 @@ fail_pipe:
 			close_pair(fderr);
 		else if (cmd->err)
 			close(cmd->err);
-		argv_array_clear(&cmd->args);
-		argv_array_clear(&cmd->env_array);
+		child_process_clear(cmd);
 		errno = failed_errno;
 		return -1;
 	}
@@ -553,15 +948,25 @@ fail_pipe:
 
 int finish_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 {
-	int ret = wait_or_whine(cmd->pid, cmd->argv[0]);
-	argv_array_clear(&cmd->args);
-	argv_array_clear(&cmd->env_array);
+	int ret = wait_or_whine(cmd->pid, cmd->argv[0], 0);
+	child_process_clear(cmd);
 	return ret;
 }
 
+int finish_command_in_signal(struct child_process *cmd)
+{
+	return wait_or_whine(cmd->pid, cmd->argv[0], 1);
+}
+
+
 int run_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 {
-	int code = start_command(cmd);
+	int code;
+
+	if (cmd->out < 0 || cmd->err < 0)
+		BUG("run_command with a pipe can cause deadlock");
+
+	code = start_command(cmd);
 	if (code)
 		return code;
 	return finish_command(cmd);
@@ -598,6 +1003,16 @@ static void *run_thread(void *data)
 	struct async *async = data;
 	intptr_t ret;
 
+	if (async->isolate_sigpipe) {
+		sigset_t mask;
+		sigemptyset(&mask);
+		sigaddset(&mask, SIGPIPE);
+		if (pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask, NULL) < 0) {
+			ret = error("unable to block SIGPIPE in async thread");
+			return (void *)ret;
+		}
+	}
+
 	pthread_setspecific(async_key, async);
 	ret = async->proc(async->proc_in, async->proc_out, async->data);
 	return (void *)ret;
@@ -607,7 +1022,7 @@ static NORETURN void die_async(const char *err, va_list params)
 {
 	vreportf("fatal: ", err, params);
 
-	if (!pthread_equal(main_thread, pthread_self())) {
+	if (in_async()) {
 		struct async *async = pthread_getspecific(async_key);
 		if (async->proc_in >= 0)
 			close(async->proc_in);
@@ -626,6 +1041,18 @@ static int async_die_is_recursing(void)
 	return ret != NULL;
 }
 
+int in_async(void)
+{
+	if (!main_thread_set)
+		return 0; /* no asyncs started yet */
+	return !pthread_equal(main_thread, pthread_self());
+}
+
+static void NORETURN async_exit(int code)
+{
+	pthread_exit((void *)(intptr_t)code);
+}
+
 #else
 
 static struct {
@@ -665,8 +1092,32 @@ int git_atexit(void (*handler)(void))
 }
 #define atexit git_atexit
 
+static int process_is_async;
+int in_async(void)
+{
+	return process_is_async;
+}
+
+static void NORETURN async_exit(int code)
+{
+	exit(code);
+}
+
 #endif
 
+void check_pipe(int err)
+{
+	if (err == EPIPE) {
+		if (in_async())
+			async_exit(141);
+
+		signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);
+		raise(SIGPIPE);
+		/* Should never happen, but just in case... */
+		exit(141);
+	}
+}
+
 int start_async(struct async *async)
 {
 	int need_in, need_out;
@@ -678,7 +1129,7 @@ int start_async(struct async *async)
 		if (pipe(fdin) < 0) {
 			if (async->out > 0)
 				close(async->out);
-			return error("cannot create pipe: %s", strerror(errno));
+			return error_errno("cannot create pipe");
 		}
 		async->in = fdin[1];
 	}
@@ -690,7 +1141,7 @@ int start_async(struct async *async)
 				close_pair(fdin);
 			else if (async->in)
 				close(async->in);
-			return error("cannot create pipe: %s", strerror(errno));
+			return error_errno("cannot create pipe");
 		}
 		async->out = fdout[0];
 	}
@@ -715,7 +1166,7 @@ int start_async(struct async *async)
 
 	async->pid = fork();
 	if (async->pid < 0) {
-		error("fork (async) failed: %s", strerror(errno));
+		error_errno("fork (async) failed");
 		goto error;
 	}
 	if (!async->pid) {
@@ -724,10 +1175,11 @@ int start_async(struct async *async)
 		if (need_out)
 			close(fdout[0]);
 		git_atexit_clear();
+		process_is_async = 1;
 		exit(!!async->proc(proc_in, proc_out, async->data));
 	}
 
-	mark_child_for_cleanup(async->pid);
+	mark_child_for_cleanup(async->pid, NULL);
 
 	if (need_in)
 		close(fdin[0]);
@@ -761,7 +1213,7 @@ int start_async(struct async *async)
 	{
 		int err = pthread_create(&async->tid, NULL, run_thread, async);
 		if (err) {
-			error("cannot create thread: %s", strerror(err));
+			error_errno("cannot create thread");
 			goto error;
 		}
 	}
@@ -784,7 +1236,7 @@ error:
 int finish_async(struct async *async)
 {
 #ifdef NO_PTHREADS
-	return wait_or_whine(async->pid, "child process");
+	return wait_or_whine(async->pid, "child process", 0);
 #else
 	void *ret = (void *)(intptr_t)(-1);
 
@@ -794,13 +1246,38 @@ int finish_async(struct async *async)
 #endif
 }
 
-char *find_hook(const char *name)
+const char *find_hook(const char *name)
 {
-	char *path = git_path("hooks/%s", name);
-	if (access(path, X_OK) < 0)
-		path = NULL;
+	static struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&path);
+	strbuf_git_path(&path, "hooks/%s", name);
+	if (access(path.buf, X_OK) < 0) {
+		int err = errno;
+
+#ifdef STRIP_EXTENSION
+		strbuf_addstr(&path, STRIP_EXTENSION);
+		if (access(path.buf, X_OK) >= 0)
+			return path.buf;
+		if (errno == EACCES)
+			err = errno;
+#endif
+
+		if (err == EACCES && advice_ignored_hook) {
+			static struct string_list advise_given = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 
-	return path;
+			if (!string_list_lookup(&advise_given, name)) {
+				string_list_insert(&advise_given, name);
+				advise(_("The '%s' hook was ignored because "
+					 "it's not set as executable.\n"
+					 "You can disable this warning with "
+					 "`git config advice.ignoredHook false`."),
+				       path.buf);
+			}
+		}
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	return path.buf;
 }
 
 int run_hook_ve(const char *const *env, const char *name, va_list args)
@@ -833,3 +1310,476 @@ int run_hook_le(const char *const *env, const char *name, ...)
 
 	return ret;
 }
+
+struct io_pump {
+	/* initialized by caller */
+	int fd;
+	int type; /* POLLOUT or POLLIN */
+	union {
+		struct {
+			const char *buf;
+			size_t len;
+		} out;
+		struct {
+			struct strbuf *buf;
+			size_t hint;
+		} in;
+	} u;
+
+	/* returned by pump_io */
+	int error; /* 0 for success, otherwise errno */
+
+	/* internal use */
+	struct pollfd *pfd;
+};
+
+static int pump_io_round(struct io_pump *slots, int nr, struct pollfd *pfd)
+{
+	int pollsize = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
+		struct io_pump *io = &slots[i];
+		if (io->fd < 0)
+			continue;
+		pfd[pollsize].fd = io->fd;
+		pfd[pollsize].events = io->type;
+		io->pfd = &pfd[pollsize++];
+	}
+
+	if (!pollsize)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (poll(pfd, pollsize, -1) < 0) {
+		if (errno == EINTR)
+			return 1;
+		die_errno("poll failed");
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
+		struct io_pump *io = &slots[i];
+
+		if (io->fd < 0)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!(io->pfd->revents & (POLLOUT|POLLIN|POLLHUP|POLLERR|POLLNVAL)))
+			continue;
+
+		if (io->type == POLLOUT) {
+			ssize_t len = xwrite(io->fd,
+					     io->u.out.buf, io->u.out.len);
+			if (len < 0) {
+				io->error = errno;
+				close(io->fd);
+				io->fd = -1;
+			} else {
+				io->u.out.buf += len;
+				io->u.out.len -= len;
+				if (!io->u.out.len) {
+					close(io->fd);
+					io->fd = -1;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (io->type == POLLIN) {
+			ssize_t len = strbuf_read_once(io->u.in.buf,
+						       io->fd, io->u.in.hint);
+			if (len < 0)
+				io->error = errno;
+			if (len <= 0) {
+				close(io->fd);
+				io->fd = -1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int pump_io(struct io_pump *slots, int nr)
+{
+	struct pollfd *pfd;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++)
+		slots[i].error = 0;
+
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(pfd, nr);
+	while (pump_io_round(slots, nr, pfd))
+		; /* nothing */
+	free(pfd);
+
+	/* There may be multiple errno values, so just pick the first. */
+	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
+		if (slots[i].error) {
+			errno = slots[i].error;
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+int pipe_command(struct child_process *cmd,
+		 const char *in, size_t in_len,
+		 struct strbuf *out, size_t out_hint,
+		 struct strbuf *err, size_t err_hint)
+{
+	struct io_pump io[3];
+	int nr = 0;
+
+	if (in)
+		cmd->in = -1;
+	if (out)
+		cmd->out = -1;
+	if (err)
+		cmd->err = -1;
+
+	if (start_command(cmd) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (in) {
+		io[nr].fd = cmd->in;
+		io[nr].type = POLLOUT;
+		io[nr].u.out.buf = in;
+		io[nr].u.out.len = in_len;
+		nr++;
+	}
+	if (out) {
+		io[nr].fd = cmd->out;
+		io[nr].type = POLLIN;
+		io[nr].u.in.buf = out;
+		io[nr].u.in.hint = out_hint;
+		nr++;
+	}
+	if (err) {
+		io[nr].fd = cmd->err;
+		io[nr].type = POLLIN;
+		io[nr].u.in.buf = err;
+		io[nr].u.in.hint = err_hint;
+		nr++;
+	}
+
+	if (pump_io(io, nr) < 0) {
+		finish_command(cmd); /* throw away exit code */
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return finish_command(cmd);
+}
+
+enum child_state {
+	GIT_CP_FREE,
+	GIT_CP_WORKING,
+	GIT_CP_WAIT_CLEANUP,
+};
+
+struct parallel_processes {
+	void *data;
+
+	int max_processes;
+	int nr_processes;
+
+	get_next_task_fn get_next_task;
+	start_failure_fn start_failure;
+	task_finished_fn task_finished;
+
+	struct {
+		enum child_state state;
+		struct child_process process;
+		struct strbuf err;
+		void *data;
+	} *children;
+	/*
+	 * The struct pollfd is logically part of *children,
+	 * but the system call expects it as its own array.
+	 */
+	struct pollfd *pfd;
+
+	unsigned shutdown : 1;
+
+	int output_owner;
+	struct strbuf buffered_output; /* of finished children */
+};
+
+static int default_start_failure(struct strbuf *out,
+				 void *pp_cb,
+				 void *pp_task_cb)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int default_task_finished(int result,
+				 struct strbuf *out,
+				 void *pp_cb,
+				 void *pp_task_cb)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void kill_children(struct parallel_processes *pp, int signo)
+{
+	int i, n = pp->max_processes;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+		if (pp->children[i].state == GIT_CP_WORKING)
+			kill(pp->children[i].process.pid, signo);
+}
+
+static struct parallel_processes *pp_for_signal;
+
+static void handle_children_on_signal(int signo)
+{
+	kill_children(pp_for_signal, signo);
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
+	raise(signo);
+}
+
+static void pp_init(struct parallel_processes *pp,
+		    int n,
+		    get_next_task_fn get_next_task,
+		    start_failure_fn start_failure,
+		    task_finished_fn task_finished,
+		    void *data)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (n < 1)
+		n = online_cpus();
+
+	pp->max_processes = n;
+
+	trace_printf("run_processes_parallel: preparing to run up to %d tasks", n);
+
+	pp->data = data;
+	if (!get_next_task)
+		BUG("you need to specify a get_next_task function");
+	pp->get_next_task = get_next_task;
+
+	pp->start_failure = start_failure ? start_failure : default_start_failure;
+	pp->task_finished = task_finished ? task_finished : default_task_finished;
+
+	pp->nr_processes = 0;
+	pp->output_owner = 0;
+	pp->shutdown = 0;
+	pp->children = xcalloc(n, sizeof(*pp->children));
+	pp->pfd = xcalloc(n, sizeof(*pp->pfd));
+	strbuf_init(&pp->buffered_output, 0);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		strbuf_init(&pp->children[i].err, 0);
+		child_process_init(&pp->children[i].process);
+		pp->pfd[i].events = POLLIN | POLLHUP;
+		pp->pfd[i].fd = -1;
+	}
+
+	pp_for_signal = pp;
+	sigchain_push_common(handle_children_on_signal);
+}
+
+static void pp_cleanup(struct parallel_processes *pp)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	trace_printf("run_processes_parallel: done");
+	for (i = 0; i < pp->max_processes; i++) {
+		strbuf_release(&pp->children[i].err);
+		child_process_clear(&pp->children[i].process);
+	}
+
+	free(pp->children);
+	free(pp->pfd);
+
+	/*
+	 * When get_next_task added messages to the buffer in its last
+	 * iteration, the buffered output is non empty.
+	 */
+	strbuf_write(&pp->buffered_output, stderr);
+	strbuf_release(&pp->buffered_output);
+
+	sigchain_pop_common();
+}
+
+/* returns
+ *  0 if a new task was started.
+ *  1 if no new jobs was started (get_next_task ran out of work, non critical
+ *    problem with starting a new command)
+ * <0 no new job was started, user wishes to shutdown early. Use negative code
+ *    to signal the children.
+ */
+static int pp_start_one(struct parallel_processes *pp)
+{
+	int i, code;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < pp->max_processes; i++)
+		if (pp->children[i].state == GIT_CP_FREE)
+			break;
+	if (i == pp->max_processes)
+		BUG("bookkeeping is hard");
+
+	code = pp->get_next_task(&pp->children[i].process,
+				 &pp->children[i].err,
+				 pp->data,
+				 &pp->children[i].data);
+	if (!code) {
+		strbuf_addbuf(&pp->buffered_output, &pp->children[i].err);
+		strbuf_reset(&pp->children[i].err);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	pp->children[i].process.err = -1;
+	pp->children[i].process.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+	pp->children[i].process.no_stdin = 1;
+
+	if (start_command(&pp->children[i].process)) {
+		code = pp->start_failure(&pp->children[i].err,
+					 pp->data,
+					 pp->children[i].data);
+		strbuf_addbuf(&pp->buffered_output, &pp->children[i].err);
+		strbuf_reset(&pp->children[i].err);
+		if (code)
+			pp->shutdown = 1;
+		return code;
+	}
+
+	pp->nr_processes++;
+	pp->children[i].state = GIT_CP_WORKING;
+	pp->pfd[i].fd = pp->children[i].process.err;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void pp_buffer_stderr(struct parallel_processes *pp, int output_timeout)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	while ((i = poll(pp->pfd, pp->max_processes, output_timeout)) < 0) {
+		if (errno == EINTR)
+			continue;
+		pp_cleanup(pp);
+		die_errno("poll");
+	}
+
+	/* Buffer output from all pipes. */
+	for (i = 0; i < pp->max_processes; i++) {
+		if (pp->children[i].state == GIT_CP_WORKING &&
+		    pp->pfd[i].revents & (POLLIN | POLLHUP)) {
+			int n = strbuf_read_once(&pp->children[i].err,
+						 pp->children[i].process.err, 0);
+			if (n == 0) {
+				close(pp->children[i].process.err);
+				pp->children[i].state = GIT_CP_WAIT_CLEANUP;
+			} else if (n < 0)
+				if (errno != EAGAIN)
+					die_errno("read");
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void pp_output(struct parallel_processes *pp)
+{
+	int i = pp->output_owner;
+	if (pp->children[i].state == GIT_CP_WORKING &&
+	    pp->children[i].err.len) {
+		strbuf_write(&pp->children[i].err, stderr);
+		strbuf_reset(&pp->children[i].err);
+	}
+}
+
+static int pp_collect_finished(struct parallel_processes *pp)
+{
+	int i, code;
+	int n = pp->max_processes;
+	int result = 0;
+
+	while (pp->nr_processes > 0) {
+		for (i = 0; i < pp->max_processes; i++)
+			if (pp->children[i].state == GIT_CP_WAIT_CLEANUP)
+				break;
+		if (i == pp->max_processes)
+			break;
+
+		code = finish_command(&pp->children[i].process);
+
+		code = pp->task_finished(code,
+					 &pp->children[i].err, pp->data,
+					 pp->children[i].data);
+
+		if (code)
+			result = code;
+		if (code < 0)
+			break;
+
+		pp->nr_processes--;
+		pp->children[i].state = GIT_CP_FREE;
+		pp->pfd[i].fd = -1;
+		child_process_init(&pp->children[i].process);
+
+		if (i != pp->output_owner) {
+			strbuf_addbuf(&pp->buffered_output, &pp->children[i].err);
+			strbuf_reset(&pp->children[i].err);
+		} else {
+			strbuf_write(&pp->children[i].err, stderr);
+			strbuf_reset(&pp->children[i].err);
+
+			/* Output all other finished child processes */
+			strbuf_write(&pp->buffered_output, stderr);
+			strbuf_reset(&pp->buffered_output);
+
+			/*
+			 * Pick next process to output live.
+			 * NEEDSWORK:
+			 * For now we pick it randomly by doing a round
+			 * robin. Later we may want to pick the one with
+			 * the most output or the longest or shortest
+			 * running process time.
+			 */
+			for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+				if (pp->children[(pp->output_owner + i) % n].state == GIT_CP_WORKING)
+					break;
+			pp->output_owner = (pp->output_owner + i) % n;
+		}
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+int run_processes_parallel(int n,
+			   get_next_task_fn get_next_task,
+			   start_failure_fn start_failure,
+			   task_finished_fn task_finished,
+			   void *pp_cb)
+{
+	int i, code;
+	int output_timeout = 100;
+	int spawn_cap = 4;
+	struct parallel_processes pp;
+
+	pp_init(&pp, n, get_next_task, start_failure, task_finished, pp_cb);
+	while (1) {
+		for (i = 0;
+		    i < spawn_cap && !pp.shutdown &&
+		    pp.nr_processes < pp.max_processes;
+		    i++) {
+			code = pp_start_one(&pp);
+			if (!code)
+				continue;
+			if (code < 0) {
+				pp.shutdown = 1;
+				kill_children(&pp, -code);
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		if (!pp.nr_processes)
+			break;
+		pp_buffer_stderr(&pp, output_timeout);
+		pp_output(&pp);
+		code = pp_collect_finished(&pp);
+		if (code) {
+			pp.shutdown = 1;
+			if (code < 0)
+				kill_children(&pp, -code);
+		}
+	}
+
+	pp_cleanup(&pp);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/run-command.h b/run-command.h
index d6868dc8c8..3932420ec8 100644
--- a/run-command.h
+++ b/run-command.h
@@ -43,16 +43,27 @@ struct child_process {
 	unsigned stdout_to_stderr:1;
 	unsigned use_shell:1;
 	unsigned clean_on_exit:1;
+	unsigned wait_after_clean:1;
+	void (*clean_on_exit_handler)(struct child_process *process);
+	void *clean_on_exit_handler_cbdata;
 };
 
 #define CHILD_PROCESS_INIT { NULL, ARGV_ARRAY_INIT, ARGV_ARRAY_INIT }
 void child_process_init(struct child_process *);
+void child_process_clear(struct child_process *);
+extern int is_executable(const char *name);
 
 int start_command(struct child_process *);
 int finish_command(struct child_process *);
+int finish_command_in_signal(struct child_process *);
 int run_command(struct child_process *);
 
-extern char *find_hook(const char *name);
+/*
+ * Returns the path to the hook file, or NULL if the hook is missing
+ * or disabled. Note that this points to static storage that will be
+ * overwritten by further calls to find_hook and run_hook_*.
+ */
+extern const char *find_hook(const char *name);
 LAST_ARG_MUST_BE_NULL
 extern int run_hook_le(const char *const *env, const char *name, ...);
 extern int run_hook_ve(const char *const *env, const char *name, va_list args);
@@ -71,6 +82,36 @@ int run_command_v_opt(const char **argv, int opt);
  */
 int run_command_v_opt_cd_env(const char **argv, int opt, const char *dir, const char *const *env);
 
+/**
+ * Execute the given command, sending "in" to its stdin, and capturing its
+ * stdout and stderr in the "out" and "err" strbufs. Any of the three may
+ * be NULL to skip processing.
+ *
+ * Returns -1 if starting the command fails or reading fails, and otherwise
+ * returns the exit code of the command. Any output collected in the
+ * buffers is kept even if the command returns a non-zero exit. The hint fields
+ * gives starting sizes for the strbuf allocations.
+ *
+ * The fields of "cmd" should be set up as they would for a normal run_command
+ * invocation. But note that there is no need to set the in, out, or err
+ * fields; pipe_command handles that automatically.
+ */
+int pipe_command(struct child_process *cmd,
+		 const char *in, size_t in_len,
+		 struct strbuf *out, size_t out_hint,
+		 struct strbuf *err, size_t err_hint);
+
+/**
+ * Convenience wrapper around pipe_command for the common case
+ * of capturing only stdout.
+ */
+static inline int capture_command(struct child_process *cmd,
+				  struct strbuf *out,
+				  size_t hint)
+{
+	return pipe_command(cmd, NULL, 0, out, hint, NULL, 0);
+}
+
 /*
  * The purpose of the following functions is to feed a pipe by running
  * a function asynchronously and providing output that the caller reads.
@@ -96,9 +137,89 @@ struct async {
 	int proc_in;
 	int proc_out;
 #endif
+	int isolate_sigpipe;
 };
 
 int start_async(struct async *async);
 int finish_async(struct async *async);
+int in_async(void);
+void check_pipe(int err);
+
+/**
+ * This callback should initialize the child process and preload the
+ * error channel if desired. The preloading of is useful if you want to
+ * have a message printed directly before the output of the child process.
+ * pp_cb is the callback cookie as passed to run_processes_parallel.
+ * You can store a child process specific callback cookie in pp_task_cb.
+ *
+ * Even after returning 0 to indicate that there are no more processes,
+ * this function will be called again until there are no more running
+ * child processes.
+ *
+ * Return 1 if the next child is ready to run.
+ * Return 0 if there are currently no more tasks to be processed.
+ * To send a signal to other child processes for abortion,
+ * return the negative signal number.
+ */
+typedef int (*get_next_task_fn)(struct child_process *cp,
+				struct strbuf *out,
+				void *pp_cb,
+				void **pp_task_cb);
+
+/**
+ * This callback is called whenever there are problems starting
+ * a new process.
+ *
+ * You must not write to stdout or stderr in this function. Add your
+ * message to the strbuf out instead, which will be printed without
+ * messing up the output of the other parallel processes.
+ *
+ * pp_cb is the callback cookie as passed into run_processes_parallel,
+ * pp_task_cb is the callback cookie as passed into get_next_task_fn.
+ *
+ * Return 0 to continue the parallel processing. To abort return non zero.
+ * To send a signal to other child processes for abortion, return
+ * the negative signal number.
+ */
+typedef int (*start_failure_fn)(struct strbuf *out,
+				void *pp_cb,
+				void *pp_task_cb);
+
+/**
+ * This callback is called on every child process that finished processing.
+ *
+ * You must not write to stdout or stderr in this function. Add your
+ * message to the strbuf out instead, which will be printed without
+ * messing up the output of the other parallel processes.
+ *
+ * pp_cb is the callback cookie as passed into run_processes_parallel,
+ * pp_task_cb is the callback cookie as passed into get_next_task_fn.
+ *
+ * Return 0 to continue the parallel processing.  To abort return non zero.
+ * To send a signal to other child processes for abortion, return
+ * the negative signal number.
+ */
+typedef int (*task_finished_fn)(int result,
+				struct strbuf *out,
+				void *pp_cb,
+				void *pp_task_cb);
+
+/**
+ * Runs up to n processes at the same time. Whenever a process can be
+ * started, the callback get_next_task_fn is called to obtain the data
+ * required to start another child process.
+ *
+ * The children started via this function run in parallel. Their output
+ * (both stdout and stderr) is routed to stderr in a manner that output
+ * from different tasks does not interleave.
+ *
+ * start_failure_fn and task_finished_fn can be NULL to omit any
+ * special handling.
+ */
+int run_processes_parallel(int n,
+			   get_next_task_fn,
+			   start_failure_fn,
+			   task_finished_fn,
+			   void *pp_cb);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/send-pack.c b/send-pack.c
index 9d2b0c52ed..e920ca57df 100644
--- a/send-pack.c
+++ b/send-pack.c
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "sideband.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
@@ -12,58 +14,70 @@
 #include "version.h"
 #include "sha1-array.h"
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
+#include "cache.h"
 
-static int feed_object(const unsigned char *sha1, int fd, int negative)
+int option_parse_push_signed(const struct option *opt,
+			     const char *arg, int unset)
 {
-	char buf[42];
+	if (unset) {
+		*(int *)(opt->value) = SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_NEVER;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	switch (git_parse_maybe_bool(arg)) {
+	case 1:
+		*(int *)(opt->value) = SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS;
+		return 0;
+	case 0:
+		*(int *)(opt->value) = SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_NEVER;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcasecmp("if-asked", arg)) {
+		*(int *)(opt->value) = SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	die("bad %s argument: %s", opt->long_name, arg);
+}
 
-	if (negative && !has_sha1_file(sha1))
-		return 1;
+static void feed_object(const struct object_id *oid, FILE *fh, int negative)
+{
+	if (negative && !has_sha1_file(oid->hash))
+		return;
 
-	memcpy(buf + negative, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
 	if (negative)
-		buf[0] = '^';
-	buf[40 + negative] = '\n';
-	return write_or_whine(fd, buf, 41 + negative, "send-pack: send refs");
+		putc('^', fh);
+	fputs(oid_to_hex(oid), fh);
+	putc('\n', fh);
 }
 
 /*
  * Make a pack stream and spit it out into file descriptor fd
  */
-static int pack_objects(int fd, struct ref *refs, struct sha1_array *extra, struct send_pack_args *args)
+static int pack_objects(int fd, struct ref *refs, struct oid_array *extra, struct send_pack_args *args)
 {
 	/*
 	 * The child becomes pack-objects --revs; we feed
 	 * the revision parameters to it via its stdin and
 	 * let its stdout go back to the other end.
 	 */
-	const char *argv[] = {
-		"pack-objects",
-		"--all-progress-implied",
-		"--revs",
-		"--stdout",
-		NULL,
-		NULL,
-		NULL,
-		NULL,
-		NULL,
-		NULL,
-	};
 	struct child_process po = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	FILE *po_in;
 	int i;
+	int rc;
 
-	i = 4;
+	argv_array_push(&po.args, "pack-objects");
+	argv_array_push(&po.args, "--all-progress-implied");
+	argv_array_push(&po.args, "--revs");
+	argv_array_push(&po.args, "--stdout");
 	if (args->use_thin_pack)
-		argv[i++] = "--thin";
+		argv_array_push(&po.args, "--thin");
 	if (args->use_ofs_delta)
-		argv[i++] = "--delta-base-offset";
+		argv_array_push(&po.args, "--delta-base-offset");
 	if (args->quiet || !args->progress)
-		argv[i++] = "-q";
+		argv_array_push(&po.args, "-q");
 	if (args->progress)
-		argv[i++] = "--progress";
-	if (is_repository_shallow())
-		argv[i++] = "--shallow";
-	po.argv = argv;
+		argv_array_push(&po.args, "--progress");
+	if (is_repository_shallow(the_repository))
+		argv_array_push(&po.args, "--shallow");
 	po.in = -1;
 	po.out = args->stateless_rpc ? -1 : fd;
 	po.git_cmd = 1;
@@ -74,21 +88,22 @@ static int pack_objects(int fd, struct ref *refs, struct sha1_array *extra, stru
 	 * We feed the pack-objects we just spawned with revision
 	 * parameters by writing to the pipe.
 	 */
+	po_in = xfdopen(po.in, "w");
 	for (i = 0; i < extra->nr; i++)
-		if (!feed_object(extra->sha1[i], po.in, 1))
-			break;
+		feed_object(&extra->oid[i], po_in, 1);
 
 	while (refs) {
-		if (!is_null_sha1(refs->old_sha1) &&
-		    !feed_object(refs->old_sha1, po.in, 1))
-			break;
-		if (!is_null_sha1(refs->new_sha1) &&
-		    !feed_object(refs->new_sha1, po.in, 0))
-			break;
+		if (!is_null_oid(&refs->old_oid))
+			feed_object(&refs->old_oid, po_in, 1);
+		if (!is_null_oid(&refs->new_oid))
+			feed_object(&refs->new_oid, po_in, 0);
 		refs = refs->next;
 	}
 
-	close(po.in);
+	fflush(po_in);
+	if (ferror(po_in))
+		die_errno("error writing to pack-objects");
+	fclose(po_in);
 
 	if (args->stateless_rpc) {
 		char *buf = xmalloc(LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
@@ -103,27 +118,46 @@ static int pack_objects(int fd, struct ref *refs, struct sha1_array *extra, stru
 		po.out = -1;
 	}
 
-	if (finish_command(&po))
+	rc = finish_command(&po);
+	if (rc) {
+		/*
+		 * For a normal non-zero exit, we assume pack-objects wrote
+		 * something useful to stderr. For death by signal, though,
+		 * we should mention it to the user. The exception is SIGPIPE
+		 * (141), because that's a normal occurrence if the remote end
+		 * hangs up (and we'll report that by trying to read the unpack
+		 * status).
+		 */
+		if (rc > 128 && rc != 141)
+			error("pack-objects died of signal %d", rc - 128);
 		return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int receive_unpack_status(int in)
+{
+	const char *line = packet_read_line(in, NULL);
+	if (!line)
+		return error(_("unexpected flush packet while reading remote unpack status"));
+	if (!skip_prefix(line, "unpack ", &line))
+		return error(_("unable to parse remote unpack status: %s"), line);
+	if (strcmp(line, "ok"))
+		return error(_("remote unpack failed: %s"), line);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int receive_status(int in, struct ref *refs)
 {
 	struct ref *hint;
-	int ret = 0;
-	char *line = packet_read_line(in, NULL);
-	if (!starts_with(line, "unpack "))
-		return error("did not receive remote status");
-	if (strcmp(line, "unpack ok")) {
-		error("unpack failed: %s", line + 7);
-		ret = -1;
-	}
+	int ret;
+
 	hint = NULL;
+	ret = receive_unpack_status(in);
 	while (1) {
 		char *refname;
 		char *msg;
-		line = packet_read_line(in, NULL);
+		char *line = packet_read_line(in, NULL);
 		if (!line)
 			break;
 		if (!starts_with(line, "ok ") && !starts_with(line, "ng ")) {
@@ -159,8 +193,7 @@ static int receive_status(int in, struct ref *refs)
 			hint->status = REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT;
 			ret = -1;
 		}
-		if (msg)
-			hint->remote_status = xstrdup(msg);
+		hint->remote_status = xstrdup_or_null(msg);
 		/* start our next search from the next ref */
 		hint = hint->next;
 	}
@@ -182,13 +215,13 @@ static int advertise_shallow_grafts_cb(const struct commit_graft *graft, void *c
 {
 	struct strbuf *sb = cb;
 	if (graft->nr_parent == -1)
-		packet_buf_write(sb, "shallow %s\n", sha1_to_hex(graft->sha1));
+		packet_buf_write(sb, "shallow %s\n", oid_to_hex(&graft->oid));
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static void advertise_shallow_grafts_buf(struct strbuf *sb)
 {
-	if (!is_repository_shallow())
+	if (!is_repository_shallow(the_repository))
 		return;
 	for_each_commit_graft(advertise_shallow_grafts_cb, sb);
 }
@@ -238,12 +271,13 @@ static int generate_push_cert(struct strbuf *req_buf,
 			      const char *push_cert_nonce)
 {
 	const struct ref *ref;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
 	char *signing_key = xstrdup(get_signing_key());
 	const char *cp, *np;
 	struct strbuf cert = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int update_seen = 0;
 
-	strbuf_addf(&cert, "certificate version 0.1\n");
+	strbuf_addstr(&cert, "certificate version 0.1\n");
 	strbuf_addf(&cert, "pusher %s ", signing_key);
 	datestamp(&cert);
 	strbuf_addch(&cert, '\n');
@@ -254,6 +288,9 @@ static int generate_push_cert(struct strbuf *req_buf,
 	}
 	if (push_cert_nonce[0])
 		strbuf_addf(&cert, "nonce %s\n", push_cert_nonce);
+	if (args->push_options)
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, args->push_options)
+			strbuf_addf(&cert, "push-option %s\n", item->string);
 	strbuf_addstr(&cert, "\n");
 
 	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
@@ -261,8 +298,8 @@ static int generate_push_cert(struct strbuf *req_buf,
 			continue;
 		update_seen = 1;
 		strbuf_addf(&cert, "%s %s %s\n",
-			    sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1),
-			    sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1),
+			    oid_to_hex(&ref->old_oid),
+			    oid_to_hex(&ref->new_oid),
 			    ref->name);
 	}
 	if (!update_seen)
@@ -308,10 +345,32 @@ static int atomic_push_failure(struct send_pack_args *args,
 		     failing_ref->name, failing_ref->status);
 }
 
+#define NONCE_LEN_LIMIT 256
+
+static void reject_invalid_nonce(const char *nonce, int len)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+
+	if (NONCE_LEN_LIMIT <= len)
+		die("the receiving end asked to sign an invalid nonce <%.*s>",
+		    len, nonce);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		int ch = nonce[i] & 0xFF;
+		if (isalnum(ch) ||
+		    ch == '-' || ch == '.' ||
+		    ch == '/' || ch == '+' ||
+		    ch == '=' || ch == '_')
+			continue;
+		die("the receiving end asked to sign an invalid nonce <%.*s>",
+		    len, nonce);
+	}
+}
+
 int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
 	      int fd[], struct child_process *conn,
 	      struct ref *remote_refs,
-	      struct sha1_array *extra_have)
+	      struct oid_array *extra_have)
 {
 	int in = fd[0];
 	int out = fd[1];
@@ -326,6 +385,8 @@ int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
 	int agent_supported = 0;
 	int use_atomic = 0;
 	int atomic_supported = 0;
+	int use_push_options = 0;
+	int push_options_supported = 0;
 	unsigned cmds_sent = 0;
 	int ret;
 	struct async demux;
@@ -348,13 +409,22 @@ int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
 		args->use_thin_pack = 0;
 	if (server_supports("atomic"))
 		atomic_supported = 1;
-	if (args->push_cert) {
-		int len;
+	if (server_supports("push-options"))
+		push_options_supported = 1;
 
+	if (args->push_cert != SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_NEVER) {
+		int len;
 		push_cert_nonce = server_feature_value("push-cert", &len);
-		if (!push_cert_nonce)
+		if (push_cert_nonce) {
+			reject_invalid_nonce(push_cert_nonce, len);
+			push_cert_nonce = xmemdupz(push_cert_nonce, len);
+		} else if (args->push_cert == SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS) {
 			die(_("the receiving end does not support --signed push"));
-		push_cert_nonce = xmemdupz(push_cert_nonce, len);
+		} else if (args->push_cert == SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED) {
+			warning(_("not sending a push certificate since the"
+				  " receiving end does not support --signed"
+				  " push"));
+		}
 	}
 
 	if (!remote_refs) {
@@ -363,10 +433,15 @@ int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (args->atomic && !atomic_supported)
-		die(_("server does not support --atomic push"));
+		die(_("the receiving end does not support --atomic push"));
 
 	use_atomic = atomic_supported && args->atomic;
 
+	if (args->push_options && !push_options_supported)
+		die(_("the receiving end does not support push options"));
+
+	use_push_options = push_options_supported && args->push_options;
+
 	if (status_report)
 		strbuf_addstr(&cap_buf, " report-status");
 	if (use_sideband)
@@ -375,6 +450,8 @@ int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
 		strbuf_addstr(&cap_buf, " quiet");
 	if (use_atomic)
 		strbuf_addstr(&cap_buf, " atomic");
+	if (use_push_options)
+		strbuf_addstr(&cap_buf, " push-options");
 	if (agent_supported)
 		strbuf_addf(&cap_buf, " agent=%s", git_user_agent_sanitized());
 
@@ -390,7 +467,7 @@ int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
 	if (!args->dry_run)
 		advertise_shallow_grafts_buf(&req_buf);
 
-	if (!args->dry_run && args->push_cert)
+	if (!args->dry_run && push_cert_nonce)
 		cmds_sent = generate_push_cert(&req_buf, remote_refs, args,
 					       cap_buf.buf, push_cert_nonce);
 
@@ -408,9 +485,12 @@ int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
 			 * we were to send it and we're trying to send the refs
 			 * atomically, abort the whole operation.
 			 */
-			if (use_atomic)
+			if (use_atomic) {
+				strbuf_release(&req_buf);
+				strbuf_release(&cap_buf);
 				return atomic_push_failure(args, remote_refs, ref);
-			/* Fallthrough for non atomic case. */
+			}
+			/* else fallthrough */
 		default:
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -429,14 +509,14 @@ int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
 	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		char *old_hex, *new_hex;
 
-		if (args->dry_run || args->push_cert)
+		if (args->dry_run || push_cert_nonce)
 			continue;
 
 		if (check_to_send_update(ref, args) < 0)
 			continue;
 
-		old_hex = sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1);
-		new_hex = sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1);
+		old_hex = oid_to_hex(&ref->old_oid);
+		new_hex = oid_to_hex(&ref->new_oid);
 		if (!cmds_sent) {
 			packet_buf_write(&req_buf,
 					 "%s %s %s%c%s",
@@ -449,8 +529,16 @@ int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
 		}
 	}
 
+	if (use_push_options) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+
+		packet_buf_flush(&req_buf);
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, args->push_options)
+			packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "%s", item->string);
+	}
+
 	if (args->stateless_rpc) {
-		if (!args->dry_run && (cmds_sent || is_repository_shallow())) {
+		if (!args->dry_run && (cmds_sent || is_repository_shallow(the_repository))) {
 			packet_buf_flush(&req_buf);
 			send_sideband(out, -1, req_buf.buf, req_buf.len, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
 		}
@@ -466,6 +554,7 @@ int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
 		demux.proc = sideband_demux;
 		demux.data = fd;
 		demux.out = -1;
+		demux.isolate_sigpipe = 1;
 		if (start_async(&demux))
 			die("send-pack: unable to fork off sideband demultiplexer");
 		in = demux.out;
@@ -479,8 +568,18 @@ int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
 				close(out);
 			if (git_connection_is_socket(conn))
 				shutdown(fd[0], SHUT_WR);
-			if (use_sideband)
+
+			/*
+			 * Do not even bother with the return value; we know we
+			 * are failing, and just want the error() side effects.
+			 */
+			if (status_report)
+				receive_unpack_status(in);
+
+			if (use_sideband) {
+				close(demux.out);
 				finish_async(&demux);
+			}
 			fd[1] = -1;
 			return -1;
 		}
@@ -499,11 +598,11 @@ int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
 		packet_flush(out);
 
 	if (use_sideband && cmds_sent) {
+		close(demux.out);
 		if (finish_async(&demux)) {
 			error("error in sideband demultiplexer");
 			ret = -1;
 		}
-		close(demux.out);
 	}
 
 	if (ret < 0)
diff --git a/send-pack.h b/send-pack.h
index b6646488aa..e148fcd960 100644
--- a/send-pack.h
+++ b/send-pack.h
@@ -1,6 +1,17 @@
 #ifndef SEND_PACK_H
 #define SEND_PACK_H
 
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+struct child_process;
+struct oid_array;
+struct ref;
+
+/* Possible values for push_cert field in send_pack_args. */
+#define SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_NEVER 0
+#define SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED 1
+#define SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS 2
+
 struct send_pack_args {
 	const char *url;
 	unsigned verbose:1,
@@ -12,13 +23,19 @@ struct send_pack_args {
 		use_thin_pack:1,
 		use_ofs_delta:1,
 		dry_run:1,
-		push_cert:1,
+		/* One of the SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_* constants. */
+		push_cert:2,
 		stateless_rpc:1,
 		atomic:1;
+	const struct string_list *push_options;
 };
 
+struct option;
+int option_parse_push_signed(const struct option *opt,
+			     const char *arg, int unset);
+
 int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
 	      int fd[], struct child_process *conn,
-	      struct ref *remote_refs, struct sha1_array *extra_have);
+	      struct ref *remote_refs, struct oid_array *extra_have);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/sequencer.c b/sequencer.c
index c4f4b7d571..65d371c746 100644
--- a/sequencer.c
+++ b/sequencer.c
@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
-#include "sequencer.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "commit.h"
+#include "sequencer.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "diff.h"
@@ -15,34 +17,205 @@
 #include "merge-recursive.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "trailer.h"
+#include "log-tree.h"
+#include "wt-status.h"
+#include "hashmap.h"
+#include "notes-utils.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "unpack-trees.h"
+#include "worktree.h"
+#include "oidmap.h"
+#include "oidset.h"
+#include "commit-slab.h"
+#include "alias.h"
 
 #define GIT_REFLOG_ACTION "GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"
 
 const char sign_off_header[] = "Signed-off-by: ";
 static const char cherry_picked_prefix[] = "(cherry picked from commit ";
 
-static int is_rfc2822_line(const char *buf, int len)
+GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_commit_editmsg, "COMMIT_EDITMSG")
+
+GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_seq_dir, "sequencer")
+
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_todo_file, "sequencer/todo")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_opts_file, "sequencer/opts")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_head_file, "sequencer/head")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_abort_safety_file, "sequencer/abort-safety")
+
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path, "rebase-merge")
+/*
+ * The file containing rebase commands, comments, and empty lines.
+ * This file is created by "git rebase -i" then edited by the user. As
+ * the lines are processed, they are removed from the front of this
+ * file and written to the tail of 'done'.
+ */
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_todo, "rebase-merge/git-rebase-todo")
+/*
+ * The rebase command lines that have already been processed. A line
+ * is moved here when it is first handled, before any associated user
+ * actions.
+ */
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_done, "rebase-merge/done")
+/*
+ * The file to keep track of how many commands were already processed (e.g.
+ * for the prompt).
+ */
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_msgnum, "rebase-merge/msgnum")
+/*
+ * The file to keep track of how many commands are to be processed in total
+ * (e.g. for the prompt).
+ */
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_msgtotal, "rebase-merge/end")
+/*
+ * The commit message that is planned to be used for any changes that
+ * need to be committed following a user interaction.
+ */
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_message, "rebase-merge/message")
+/*
+ * The file into which is accumulated the suggested commit message for
+ * squash/fixup commands. When the first of a series of squash/fixups
+ * is seen, the file is created and the commit message from the
+ * previous commit and from the first squash/fixup commit are written
+ * to it. The commit message for each subsequent squash/fixup commit
+ * is appended to the file as it is processed.
+ */
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_squash_msg, "rebase-merge/message-squash")
+/*
+ * If the current series of squash/fixups has not yet included a squash
+ * command, then this file exists and holds the commit message of the
+ * original "pick" commit.  (If the series ends without a "squash"
+ * command, then this can be used as the commit message of the combined
+ * commit without opening the editor.)
+ */
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_fixup_msg, "rebase-merge/message-fixup")
+/*
+ * This file contains the list fixup/squash commands that have been
+ * accumulated into message-fixup or message-squash so far.
+ */
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_current_fixups, "rebase-merge/current-fixups")
+/*
+ * A script to set the GIT_AUTHOR_NAME, GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL, and
+ * GIT_AUTHOR_DATE that will be used for the commit that is currently
+ * being rebased.
+ */
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_author_script, "rebase-merge/author-script")
+/*
+ * When an "edit" rebase command is being processed, the SHA1 of the
+ * commit to be edited is recorded in this file.  When "git rebase
+ * --continue" is executed, if there are any staged changes then they
+ * will be amended to the HEAD commit, but only provided the HEAD
+ * commit is still the commit to be edited.  When any other rebase
+ * command is processed, this file is deleted.
+ */
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_amend, "rebase-merge/amend")
+/*
+ * When we stop at a given patch via the "edit" command, this file contains
+ * the abbreviated commit name of the corresponding patch.
+ */
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_stopped_sha, "rebase-merge/stopped-sha")
+/*
+ * For the post-rewrite hook, we make a list of rewritten commits and
+ * their new sha1s.  The rewritten-pending list keeps the sha1s of
+ * commits that have been processed, but not committed yet,
+ * e.g. because they are waiting for a 'squash' command.
+ */
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_rewritten_list, "rebase-merge/rewritten-list")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_rewritten_pending,
+	"rebase-merge/rewritten-pending")
+
+/*
+ * The path of the file containig the OID of the "squash onto" commit, i.e.
+ * the dummy commit used for `reset [new root]`.
+ */
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_squash_onto, "rebase-merge/squash-onto")
+
+/*
+ * The path of the file listing refs that need to be deleted after the rebase
+ * finishes. This is used by the `label` command to record the need for cleanup.
+ */
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_refs_to_delete, "rebase-merge/refs-to-delete")
+
+/*
+ * The following files are written by git-rebase just after parsing the
+ * command-line (and are only consumed, not modified, by the sequencer).
+ */
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_gpg_sign_opt, "rebase-merge/gpg_sign_opt")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_orig_head, "rebase-merge/orig-head")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_verbose, "rebase-merge/verbose")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_signoff, "rebase-merge/signoff")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_head_name, "rebase-merge/head-name")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_onto, "rebase-merge/onto")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_autostash, "rebase-merge/autostash")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_strategy, "rebase-merge/strategy")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_strategy_opts, "rebase-merge/strategy_opts")
+static GIT_PATH_FUNC(rebase_path_allow_rerere_autoupdate, "rebase-merge/allow_rerere_autoupdate")
+
+static int git_sequencer_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 {
-	int i;
+	struct replay_opts *opts = cb;
+	int status;
+
+	if (!strcmp(k, "commit.cleanup")) {
+		const char *s;
+
+		status = git_config_string(&s, k, v);
+		if (status)
+			return status;
+
+		if (!strcmp(s, "verbatim"))
+			opts->default_msg_cleanup = COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_NONE;
+		else if (!strcmp(s, "whitespace"))
+			opts->default_msg_cleanup = COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_SPACE;
+		else if (!strcmp(s, "strip"))
+			opts->default_msg_cleanup = COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_ALL;
+		else if (!strcmp(s, "scissors"))
+			opts->default_msg_cleanup = COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_SPACE;
+		else
+			warning(_("invalid commit message cleanup mode '%s'"),
+				  s);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-		int ch = buf[i];
-		if (ch == ':')
-			return 1;
-		if (!isalnum(ch) && ch != '-')
-			break;
+		free((char *)s);
+		return status;
 	}
 
-	return 0;
+	if (!strcmp(k, "commit.gpgsign")) {
+		opts->gpg_sign = git_config_bool(k, v) ? xstrdup("") : NULL;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	status = git_gpg_config(k, v, NULL);
+	if (status)
+		return status;
+
+	return git_diff_basic_config(k, v, NULL);
 }
 
-static int is_cherry_picked_from_line(const char *buf, int len)
+void sequencer_init_config(struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
-	/*
-	 * We only care that it looks roughly like (cherry picked from ...)
-	 */
-	return len > strlen(cherry_picked_prefix) + 1 &&
-		starts_with(buf, cherry_picked_prefix) && buf[len - 1] == ')';
+	opts->default_msg_cleanup = COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_NONE;
+	git_config(git_sequencer_config, opts);
+}
+
+static inline int is_rebase_i(const struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	return opts->action == REPLAY_INTERACTIVE_REBASE;
+}
+
+static const char *get_dir(const struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	if (is_rebase_i(opts))
+		return rebase_path();
+	return git_path_seq_dir();
+}
+
+static const char *get_todo_path(const struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	if (is_rebase_i(opts))
+		return rebase_path_todo();
+	return git_path_todo_file();
 }
 
 /*
@@ -54,127 +227,126 @@ static int is_cherry_picked_from_line(const char *buf, int len)
 static int has_conforming_footer(struct strbuf *sb, struct strbuf *sob,
 	int ignore_footer)
 {
-	char prev;
-	int i, k;
-	int len = sb->len - ignore_footer;
-	const char *buf = sb->buf;
-	int found_sob = 0;
+	struct trailer_info info;
+	int i;
+	int found_sob = 0, found_sob_last = 0;
 
-	/* footer must end with newline */
-	if (!len || buf[len - 1] != '\n')
-		return 0;
+	trailer_info_get(&info, sb->buf);
 
-	prev = '\0';
-	for (i = len - 1; i > 0; i--) {
-		char ch = buf[i];
-		if (prev == '\n' && ch == '\n') /* paragraph break */
-			break;
-		prev = ch;
-	}
-
-	/* require at least one blank line */
-	if (prev != '\n' || buf[i] != '\n')
+	if (info.trailer_start == info.trailer_end)
 		return 0;
 
-	/* advance to start of last paragraph */
-	while (i < len - 1 && buf[i] == '\n')
-		i++;
-
-	for (; i < len; i = k) {
-		int found_rfc2822;
-
-		for (k = i; k < len && buf[k] != '\n'; k++)
-			; /* do nothing */
-		k++;
+	for (i = 0; i < info.trailer_nr; i++)
+		if (sob && !strncmp(info.trailers[i], sob->buf, sob->len)) {
+			found_sob = 1;
+			if (i == info.trailer_nr - 1)
+				found_sob_last = 1;
+		}
 
-		found_rfc2822 = is_rfc2822_line(buf + i, k - i - 1);
-		if (found_rfc2822 && sob &&
-		    !strncmp(buf + i, sob->buf, sob->len))
-			found_sob = k;
+	trailer_info_release(&info);
 
-		if (!(found_rfc2822 ||
-		      is_cherry_picked_from_line(buf + i, k - i - 1)))
-			return 0;
-	}
-	if (found_sob == i)
+	if (found_sob_last)
 		return 3;
 	if (found_sob)
 		return 2;
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static void remove_sequencer_state(void)
+static const char *gpg_sign_opt_quoted(struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
-	struct strbuf seq_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
+	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	strbuf_addf(&seq_dir, "%s", git_path(SEQ_DIR));
-	remove_dir_recursively(&seq_dir, 0);
-	strbuf_release(&seq_dir);
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	if (opts->gpg_sign)
+		sq_quotef(&buf, "-S%s", opts->gpg_sign);
+	return buf.buf;
+}
+
+int sequencer_remove_state(struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i;
+
+	if (is_rebase_i(opts) &&
+	    strbuf_read_file(&buf, rebase_path_refs_to_delete(), 0) > 0) {
+		char *p = buf.buf;
+		while (*p) {
+			char *eol = strchr(p, '\n');
+			if (eol)
+				*eol = '\0';
+			if (delete_ref("(rebase -i) cleanup", p, NULL, 0) < 0)
+				warning(_("could not delete '%s'"), p);
+			if (!eol)
+				break;
+			p = eol + 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	free(opts->gpg_sign);
+	free(opts->strategy);
+	for (i = 0; i < opts->xopts_nr; i++)
+		free(opts->xopts[i]);
+	free(opts->xopts);
+	strbuf_release(&opts->current_fixups);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, get_dir(opts));
+	remove_dir_recursively(&buf, 0);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static const char *action_name(const struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
-	return opts->action == REPLAY_REVERT ? "revert" : "cherry-pick";
+	switch (opts->action) {
+	case REPLAY_REVERT:
+		return N_("revert");
+	case REPLAY_PICK:
+		return N_("cherry-pick");
+	case REPLAY_INTERACTIVE_REBASE:
+		return N_("rebase -i");
+	}
+	die(_("unknown action: %d"), opts->action);
 }
 
 struct commit_message {
 	char *parent_label;
-	const char *label;
-	const char *subject;
+	char *label;
+	char *subject;
 	const char *message;
 };
 
+static const char *short_commit_name(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	return find_unique_abbrev(&commit->object.oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+}
+
 static int get_message(struct commit *commit, struct commit_message *out)
 {
 	const char *abbrev, *subject;
-	int abbrev_len, subject_len;
-	char *q;
-
-	if (!git_commit_encoding)
-		git_commit_encoding = "UTF-8";
+	int subject_len;
 
-	out->message = logmsg_reencode(commit, NULL, git_commit_encoding);
-	abbrev = find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
-	abbrev_len = strlen(abbrev);
+	out->message = logmsg_reencode(commit, NULL, get_commit_output_encoding());
+	abbrev = short_commit_name(commit);
 
 	subject_len = find_commit_subject(out->message, &subject);
 
-	out->parent_label = xmalloc(strlen("parent of ") + abbrev_len +
-			      strlen("... ") + subject_len + 1);
-	q = out->parent_label;
-	q = mempcpy(q, "parent of ", strlen("parent of "));
-	out->label = q;
-	q = mempcpy(q, abbrev, abbrev_len);
-	q = mempcpy(q, "... ", strlen("... "));
-	out->subject = q;
-	q = mempcpy(q, subject, subject_len);
-	*q = '\0';
+	out->subject = xmemdupz(subject, subject_len);
+	out->label = xstrfmt("%s... %s", abbrev, out->subject);
+	out->parent_label = xstrfmt("parent of %s", out->label);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static void free_message(struct commit *commit, struct commit_message *msg)
 {
 	free(msg->parent_label);
+	free(msg->label);
+	free(msg->subject);
 	unuse_commit_buffer(commit, msg->message);
 }
 
-static void write_cherry_pick_head(struct commit *commit, const char *pseudoref)
-{
-	const char *filename;
-	int fd;
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-
-	filename = git_path("%s", pseudoref);
-	fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"), filename);
-	if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len || close(fd))
-		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), filename);
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
-}
-
 static void print_advice(int show_hint, struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
 	char *msg = getenv("GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP");
@@ -186,7 +358,7 @@ static void print_advice(int show_hint, struct replay_opts *opts)
 		 * (typically rebase --interactive) wants to take care
 		 * of the commit itself so remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
 		 */
-		unlink(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
+		unlink(git_path_cherry_pick_head(the_repository));
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -201,41 +373,97 @@ static void print_advice(int show_hint, struct replay_opts *opts)
 	}
 }
 
-static void write_message(struct strbuf *msgbuf, const char *filename)
+static int write_message(const void *buf, size_t len, const char *filename,
+			 int append_eol)
 {
-	static struct lock_file msg_file;
-
-	int msg_fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&msg_file, filename,
-					       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
-	if (write_in_full(msg_fd, msgbuf->buf, msgbuf->len) < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not write to %s"), filename);
-	strbuf_release(msgbuf);
+	struct lock_file msg_file = LOCK_INIT;
+
+	int msg_fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&msg_file, filename, 0);
+	if (msg_fd < 0)
+		return error_errno(_("could not lock '%s'"), filename);
+	if (write_in_full(msg_fd, buf, len) < 0) {
+		error_errno(_("could not write to '%s'"), filename);
+		rollback_lock_file(&msg_file);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (append_eol && write(msg_fd, "\n", 1) < 0) {
+		error_errno(_("could not write eol to '%s'"), filename);
+		rollback_lock_file(&msg_file);
+		return -1;
+	}
 	if (commit_lock_file(&msg_file) < 0)
-		die(_("Error wrapping up %s"), filename);
+		return error(_("failed to finalize '%s'"), filename);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Reads a file that was presumably written by a shell script, i.e. with an
+ * end-of-line marker that needs to be stripped.
+ *
+ * Note that only the last end-of-line marker is stripped, consistent with the
+ * behavior of "$(cat path)" in a shell script.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if the file was read, 0 if it could not be read or does not exist.
+ */
+static int read_oneliner(struct strbuf *buf,
+	const char *path, int skip_if_empty)
+{
+	int orig_len = buf->len;
+
+	if (!file_exists(path))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (strbuf_read_file(buf, path, 0) < 0) {
+		warning_errno(_("could not read '%s'"), path);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (buf->len > orig_len && buf->buf[buf->len - 1] == '\n') {
+		if (--buf->len > orig_len && buf->buf[buf->len - 1] == '\r')
+			--buf->len;
+		buf->buf[buf->len] = '\0';
+	}
+
+	if (skip_if_empty && buf->len == orig_len)
+		return 0;
+
+	return 1;
 }
 
 static struct tree *empty_tree(void)
 {
-	return lookup_tree(EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
+	return lookup_tree(the_repository, the_repository->hash_algo->empty_tree);
 }
 
 static int error_dirty_index(struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
 	if (read_cache_unmerged())
-		return error_resolve_conflict(action_name(opts));
+		return error_resolve_conflict(_(action_name(opts)));
 
-	/* Different translation strings for cherry-pick and revert */
-	if (opts->action == REPLAY_PICK)
-		error(_("Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."));
-	else
-		error(_("Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."));
+	error(_("your local changes would be overwritten by %s."),
+		_(action_name(opts)));
 
 	if (advice_commit_before_merge)
-		advise(_("Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."));
+		advise(_("commit your changes or stash them to proceed."));
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static int fast_forward_to(const unsigned char *to, const unsigned char *from,
+static void update_abort_safety_file(void)
+{
+	struct object_id head;
+
+	/* Do nothing on a single-pick */
+	if (!file_exists(git_path_seq_dir()))
+		return;
+
+	if (!get_oid("HEAD", &head))
+		write_file(git_path_abort_safety_file(), "%s", oid_to_hex(&head));
+	else
+		write_file(git_path_abort_safety_file(), "%s", "");
+}
+
+static int fast_forward_to(const struct object_id *to, const struct object_id *from,
 			int unborn, struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
 	struct ref_transaction *transaction;
@@ -244,14 +472,15 @@ static int fast_forward_to(const unsigned char *to, const unsigned char *from,
 
 	read_cache();
 	if (checkout_fast_forward(from, to, 1))
-		exit(128); /* the callee should have complained already */
+		return -1; /* the callee should have complained already */
 
-	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s: fast-forward", action_name(opts));
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, _("%s: fast-forward"), _(action_name(opts)));
 
 	transaction = ref_transaction_begin(&err);
 	if (!transaction ||
 	    ref_transaction_update(transaction, "HEAD",
-				   to, unborn ? null_sha1 : from,
+				   to, unborn && !is_rebase_i(opts) ?
+				   &null_oid : from,
 				   0, sb.buf, &err) ||
 	    ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err)) {
 		ref_transaction_free(transaction);
@@ -264,6 +493,7 @@ static int fast_forward_to(const unsigned char *to, const unsigned char *from,
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 	strbuf_release(&err);
 	ref_transaction_free(transaction);
+	update_abort_safety_file();
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -286,16 +516,17 @@ void append_conflicts_hint(struct strbuf *msgbuf)
 
 static int do_recursive_merge(struct commit *base, struct commit *next,
 			      const char *base_label, const char *next_label,
-			      unsigned char *head, struct strbuf *msgbuf,
+			      struct object_id *head, struct strbuf *msgbuf,
 			      struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
 	struct merge_options o;
 	struct tree *result, *next_tree, *base_tree, *head_tree;
 	int clean;
-	const char **xopt;
-	static struct lock_file index_lock;
+	char **xopt;
+	struct lock_file index_lock = LOCK_INIT;
 
-	hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
+	if (hold_locked_index(&index_lock, LOCK_REPORT_ON_ERROR) < 0)
+		return -1;
 
 	read_cache();
 
@@ -303,10 +534,13 @@ static int do_recursive_merge(struct commit *base, struct commit *next,
 	o.ancestor = base ? base_label : "(empty tree)";
 	o.branch1 = "HEAD";
 	o.branch2 = next ? next_label : "(empty tree)";
+	if (is_rebase_i(opts))
+		o.buffer_output = 2;
+	o.show_rename_progress = 1;
 
 	head_tree = parse_tree_indirect(head);
-	next_tree = next ? next->tree : empty_tree();
-	base_tree = base ? base->tree : empty_tree();
+	next_tree = next ? get_commit_tree(next) : empty_tree();
+	base_tree = base ? get_commit_tree(base) : empty_tree();
 
 	for (xopt = opts->xopts; xopt != opts->xopts + opts->xopts_nr; xopt++)
 		parse_merge_opt(&o, *xopt);
@@ -314,15 +548,23 @@ static int do_recursive_merge(struct commit *base, struct commit *next,
 	clean = merge_trees(&o,
 			    head_tree,
 			    next_tree, base_tree, &result);
+	if (is_rebase_i(opts) && clean <= 0)
+		fputs(o.obuf.buf, stdout);
+	strbuf_release(&o.obuf);
+	diff_warn_rename_limit("merge.renamelimit", o.needed_rename_limit, 0);
+	if (clean < 0) {
+		rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
+		return clean;
+	}
 
-	if (active_cache_changed &&
-	    write_locked_index(&the_index, &index_lock, COMMIT_LOCK))
-		/* TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick" */
-		die(_("%s: Unable to write new index file"), action_name(opts));
-	rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
-
-	if (opts->signoff)
-		append_signoff(msgbuf, 0, 0);
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &index_lock,
+			       COMMIT_LOCK | SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED))
+		/*
+		 * TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert", "cherry-pick" or
+		 * "rebase -i".
+		 */
+		return error(_("%s: Unable to write new index file"),
+			_(action_name(opts)));
 
 	if (!clean)
 		append_conflicts_hint(msgbuf);
@@ -330,15 +572,29 @@ static int do_recursive_merge(struct commit *base, struct commit *next,
 	return !clean;
 }
 
+static struct object_id *get_cache_tree_oid(void)
+{
+	if (!active_cache_tree)
+		active_cache_tree = cache_tree();
+
+	if (!cache_tree_fully_valid(active_cache_tree))
+		if (cache_tree_update(&the_index, 0)) {
+			error(_("unable to update cache tree"));
+			return NULL;
+		}
+
+	return &active_cache_tree->oid;
+}
+
 static int is_index_unchanged(void)
 {
-	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id head_oid, *cache_tree_oid;
 	struct commit *head_commit;
 
-	if (!resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING, head_sha1, NULL))
-		return error(_("Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"));
+	if (!resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING, &head_oid, NULL))
+		return error(_("could not resolve HEAD commit"));
 
-	head_commit = lookup_commit(head_sha1);
+	head_commit = lookup_commit(the_repository, &head_oid);
 
 	/*
 	 * If head_commit is NULL, check_commit, called from
@@ -351,76 +607,765 @@ static int is_index_unchanged(void)
 	if (parse_commit(head_commit))
 		return -1;
 
-	if (!active_cache_tree)
-		active_cache_tree = cache_tree();
+	if (!(cache_tree_oid = get_cache_tree_oid()))
+		return -1;
 
-	if (!cache_tree_fully_valid(active_cache_tree))
-		if (cache_tree_update(&the_index, 0))
-			return error(_("Unable to update cache tree\n"));
+	return !oidcmp(cache_tree_oid, get_commit_tree_oid(head_commit));
+}
 
-	return !hashcmp(active_cache_tree->sha1, head_commit->tree->object.sha1);
+static int write_author_script(const char *message)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *eol;
+	int res;
+
+	for (;;)
+		if (!*message || starts_with(message, "\n")) {
+missing_author:
+			/* Missing 'author' line? */
+			unlink(rebase_path_author_script());
+			return 0;
+		} else if (skip_prefix(message, "author ", &message))
+			break;
+		else if ((eol = strchr(message, '\n')))
+			message = eol + 1;
+		else
+			goto missing_author;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "GIT_AUTHOR_NAME='");
+	while (*message && *message != '\n' && *message != '\r')
+		if (skip_prefix(message, " <", &message))
+			break;
+		else if (*message != '\'')
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, *(message++));
+		else
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "'\\\\%c'", *(message++));
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "'\nGIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL='");
+	while (*message && *message != '\n' && *message != '\r')
+		if (skip_prefix(message, "> ", &message))
+			break;
+		else if (*message != '\'')
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, *(message++));
+		else
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "'\\\\%c'", *(message++));
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "'\nGIT_AUTHOR_DATE='@");
+	while (*message && *message != '\n' && *message != '\r')
+		if (*message != '\'')
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, *(message++));
+		else
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "'\\\\%c'", *(message++));
+	strbuf_addch(&buf, '\'');
+	res = write_message(buf.buf, buf.len, rebase_path_author_script(), 1);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return res;
 }
 
 /*
+ * Read a list of environment variable assignments (such as the author-script
+ * file) into an environment block. Returns -1 on error, 0 otherwise.
+ */
+static int read_env_script(struct argv_array *env)
+{
+	struct strbuf script = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i, count = 0;
+	char *p, *p2;
+
+	if (strbuf_read_file(&script, rebase_path_author_script(), 256) <= 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	for (p = script.buf; *p; p++)
+		if (skip_prefix(p, "'\\\\''", (const char **)&p2))
+			strbuf_splice(&script, p - script.buf, p2 - p, "'", 1);
+		else if (*p == '\'')
+			strbuf_splice(&script, p-- - script.buf, 1, "", 0);
+		else if (*p == '\n') {
+			*p = '\0';
+			count++;
+		}
+
+	for (i = 0, p = script.buf; i < count; i++) {
+		argv_array_push(env, p);
+		p += strlen(p) + 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static char *get_author(const char *message)
+{
+	size_t len;
+	const char *a;
+
+	a = find_commit_header(message, "author", &len);
+	if (a)
+		return xmemdupz(a, len);
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Read author-script and return an ident line (author <email> timestamp) */
+static const char *read_author_ident(struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	const char *keys[] = {
+		"GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=", "GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=", "GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="
+	};
+	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *in, *eol;
+	const char *val[3];
+	int i = 0;
+
+	if (strbuf_read_file(buf, rebase_path_author_script(), 256) <= 0)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* dequote values and construct ident line in-place */
+	for (in = buf->buf; i < 3 && in - buf->buf < buf->len; i++) {
+		if (!skip_prefix(in, keys[i], (const char **)&in)) {
+			warning(_("could not parse '%s' (looking for '%s'"),
+				rebase_path_author_script(), keys[i]);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+
+		eol = strchrnul(in, '\n');
+		*eol = '\0';
+		if (!sq_dequote(in)) {
+			warning(_("bad quoting on %s value in '%s'"),
+				keys[i], rebase_path_author_script());
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		val[i] = in;
+		in = eol + 1;
+	}
+
+	if (i < 3) {
+		warning(_("could not parse '%s' (looking for '%s')"),
+			rebase_path_author_script(), keys[i]);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* validate date since fmt_ident() will die() on bad value */
+	if (parse_date(val[2], &out)){
+		warning(_("invalid date format '%s' in '%s'"),
+			val[2], rebase_path_author_script());
+		strbuf_release(&out);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_reset(&out);
+	strbuf_addstr(&out, fmt_ident(val[0], val[1], val[2], 0));
+	strbuf_swap(buf, &out);
+	strbuf_release(&out);
+	return buf->buf;
+}
+
+static const char staged_changes_advice[] =
+N_("you have staged changes in your working tree\n"
+"If these changes are meant to be squashed into the previous commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit --amend %s\n"
+"\n"
+"If they are meant to go into a new commit, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git commit %s\n"
+"\n"
+"In both cases, once you're done, continue with:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git rebase --continue\n");
+
+#define ALLOW_EMPTY (1<<0)
+#define EDIT_MSG    (1<<1)
+#define AMEND_MSG   (1<<2)
+#define CLEANUP_MSG (1<<3)
+#define VERIFY_MSG  (1<<4)
+#define CREATE_ROOT_COMMIT (1<<5)
+
+/*
  * If we are cherry-pick, and if the merge did not result in
  * hand-editing, we will hit this commit and inherit the original
  * author date and name.
+ *
  * If we are revert, or if our cherry-pick results in a hand merge,
  * we had better say that the current user is responsible for that.
+ *
+ * An exception is when run_git_commit() is called during an
+ * interactive rebase: in that case, we will want to retain the
+ * author metadata.
  */
 static int run_git_commit(const char *defmsg, struct replay_opts *opts,
-			  int allow_empty)
+			  unsigned int flags)
 {
-	struct argv_array array;
-	int rc;
+	struct child_process cmd = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 	const char *value;
 
-	argv_array_init(&array);
-	argv_array_push(&array, "commit");
-	argv_array_push(&array, "-n");
+	if ((flags & CREATE_ROOT_COMMIT) && !(flags & AMEND_MSG)) {
+		struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT, script = STRBUF_INIT;
+		const char *author = is_rebase_i(opts) ?
+			read_author_ident(&script) : NULL;
+		struct object_id root_commit, *cache_tree_oid;
+		int res = 0;
 
-	if (opts->gpg_sign)
-		argv_array_pushf(&array, "-S%s", opts->gpg_sign);
-	if (opts->signoff)
-		argv_array_push(&array, "-s");
-	if (!opts->edit) {
-		argv_array_push(&array, "-F");
-		argv_array_push(&array, defmsg);
-		if (!opts->signoff &&
-		    !opts->record_origin &&
-		    git_config_get_value("commit.cleanup", &value))
-			argv_array_push(&array, "--cleanup=verbatim");
+		if (!defmsg)
+			BUG("root commit without message");
+
+		if (!(cache_tree_oid = get_cache_tree_oid()))
+			res = -1;
+
+		if (!res)
+			res = strbuf_read_file(&msg, defmsg, 0);
+
+		if (res <= 0)
+			res = error_errno(_("could not read '%s'"), defmsg);
+		else
+			res = commit_tree(msg.buf, msg.len, cache_tree_oid,
+					  NULL, &root_commit, author,
+					  opts->gpg_sign);
+
+		strbuf_release(&msg);
+		strbuf_release(&script);
+		if (!res) {
+			update_ref(NULL, "CHERRY_PICK_HEAD", &root_commit, NULL,
+				   REF_NO_DEREF, UPDATE_REFS_MSG_ON_ERR);
+			res = update_ref(NULL, "HEAD", &root_commit, NULL, 0,
+					 UPDATE_REFS_MSG_ON_ERR);
+		}
+		return res < 0 ? error(_("writing root commit")) : 0;
+	}
+
+	cmd.git_cmd = 1;
+
+	if (is_rebase_i(opts)) {
+		if (!(flags & EDIT_MSG)) {
+			cmd.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+			cmd.err = -1;
+		}
+
+		if (read_env_script(&cmd.env_array)) {
+			const char *gpg_opt = gpg_sign_opt_quoted(opts);
+
+			return error(_(staged_changes_advice),
+				     gpg_opt, gpg_opt);
+		}
 	}
 
-	if (allow_empty)
-		argv_array_push(&array, "--allow-empty");
+	argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "commit");
+
+	if (!(flags & VERIFY_MSG))
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "-n");
+	if ((flags & AMEND_MSG))
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--amend");
+	if (opts->gpg_sign)
+		argv_array_pushf(&cmd.args, "-S%s", opts->gpg_sign);
+	if (defmsg)
+		argv_array_pushl(&cmd.args, "-F", defmsg, NULL);
+	else if (!(flags & EDIT_MSG))
+		argv_array_pushl(&cmd.args, "-C", "HEAD", NULL);
+	if ((flags & CLEANUP_MSG))
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--cleanup=strip");
+	if ((flags & EDIT_MSG))
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "-e");
+	else if (!(flags & CLEANUP_MSG) &&
+		 !opts->signoff && !opts->record_origin &&
+		 git_config_get_value("commit.cleanup", &value))
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--cleanup=verbatim");
+
+	if ((flags & ALLOW_EMPTY))
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--allow-empty");
 
 	if (opts->allow_empty_message)
-		argv_array_push(&array, "--allow-empty-message");
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--allow-empty-message");
 
-	rc = run_command_v_opt(array.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD);
-	argv_array_clear(&array);
-	return rc;
+	if (cmd.err == -1) {
+		/* hide stderr on success */
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int rc = pipe_command(&cmd,
+				      NULL, 0,
+				      /* stdout is already redirected */
+				      NULL, 0,
+				      &buf, 0);
+		if (rc)
+			fputs(buf.buf, stderr);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		return rc;
+	}
+
+	return run_command(&cmd);
+}
+
+static int rest_is_empty(const struct strbuf *sb, int start)
+{
+	int i, eol;
+	const char *nl;
+
+	/* Check if the rest is just whitespace and Signed-off-by's. */
+	for (i = start; i < sb->len; i++) {
+		nl = memchr(sb->buf + i, '\n', sb->len - i);
+		if (nl)
+			eol = nl - sb->buf;
+		else
+			eol = sb->len;
+
+		if (strlen(sign_off_header) <= eol - i &&
+		    starts_with(sb->buf + i, sign_off_header)) {
+			i = eol;
+			continue;
+		}
+		while (i < eol)
+			if (!isspace(sb->buf[i++]))
+				return 0;
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find out if the message in the strbuf contains only whitespace and
+ * Signed-off-by lines.
+ */
+int message_is_empty(const struct strbuf *sb,
+		     enum commit_msg_cleanup_mode cleanup_mode)
+{
+	if (cleanup_mode == COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_NONE && sb->len)
+		return 0;
+	return rest_is_empty(sb, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * See if the user edited the message in the editor or left what
+ * was in the template intact
+ */
+int template_untouched(const struct strbuf *sb, const char *template_file,
+		       enum commit_msg_cleanup_mode cleanup_mode)
+{
+	struct strbuf tmpl = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *start;
+
+	if (cleanup_mode == COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_NONE && sb->len)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!template_file || strbuf_read_file(&tmpl, template_file, 0) <= 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	strbuf_stripspace(&tmpl, cleanup_mode == COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_ALL);
+	if (!skip_prefix(sb->buf, tmpl.buf, &start))
+		start = sb->buf;
+	strbuf_release(&tmpl);
+	return rest_is_empty(sb, start - sb->buf);
+}
+
+int update_head_with_reflog(const struct commit *old_head,
+			    const struct object_id *new_head,
+			    const char *action, const struct strbuf *msg,
+			    struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	struct ref_transaction *transaction;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *nl;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (action) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, action);
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, ": ");
+	}
+
+	nl = strchr(msg->buf, '\n');
+	if (nl) {
+		strbuf_add(&sb, msg->buf, nl + 1 - msg->buf);
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addbuf(&sb, msg);
+		strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
+	}
+
+	transaction = ref_transaction_begin(err);
+	if (!transaction ||
+	    ref_transaction_update(transaction, "HEAD", new_head,
+				   old_head ? &old_head->object.oid : &null_oid,
+				   0, sb.buf, err) ||
+	    ref_transaction_commit(transaction, err)) {
+		ret = -1;
+	}
+	ref_transaction_free(transaction);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int run_rewrite_hook(const struct object_id *oldoid,
+			    const struct object_id *newoid)
+{
+	struct child_process proc = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	const char *argv[3];
+	int code;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	argv[0] = find_hook("post-rewrite");
+	if (!argv[0])
+		return 0;
+
+	argv[1] = "amend";
+	argv[2] = NULL;
+
+	proc.argv = argv;
+	proc.in = -1;
+	proc.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+
+	code = start_command(&proc);
+	if (code)
+		return code;
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s %s\n", oid_to_hex(oldoid), oid_to_hex(newoid));
+	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+	write_in_full(proc.in, sb.buf, sb.len);
+	close(proc.in);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
+	return finish_command(&proc);
+}
+
+void commit_post_rewrite(const struct commit *old_head,
+			 const struct object_id *new_head)
+{
+	struct notes_rewrite_cfg *cfg;
+
+	cfg = init_copy_notes_for_rewrite("amend");
+	if (cfg) {
+		/* we are amending, so old_head is not NULL */
+		copy_note_for_rewrite(cfg, &old_head->object.oid, new_head);
+		finish_copy_notes_for_rewrite(cfg, "Notes added by 'git commit --amend'");
+	}
+	run_rewrite_hook(&old_head->object.oid, new_head);
+}
+
+static int run_prepare_commit_msg_hook(struct strbuf *msg, const char *commit)
+{
+	struct argv_array hook_env = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	int ret;
+	const char *name;
+
+	name = git_path_commit_editmsg();
+	if (write_message(msg->buf, msg->len, name, 0))
+		return -1;
+
+	argv_array_pushf(&hook_env, "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s", get_index_file());
+	argv_array_push(&hook_env, "GIT_EDITOR=:");
+	if (commit)
+		ret = run_hook_le(hook_env.argv, "prepare-commit-msg", name,
+				  "commit", commit, NULL);
+	else
+		ret = run_hook_le(hook_env.argv, "prepare-commit-msg", name,
+				  "message", NULL);
+	if (ret)
+		ret = error(_("'prepare-commit-msg' hook failed"));
+	argv_array_clear(&hook_env);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static const char implicit_ident_advice_noconfig[] =
+N_("Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly. Run the\n"
+"following command and follow the instructions in your editor to edit\n"
+"your configuration file:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global --edit\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n");
+
+static const char implicit_ident_advice_config[] =
+N_("Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n");
+
+static const char *implicit_ident_advice(void)
+{
+	char *user_config = expand_user_path("~/.gitconfig", 0);
+	char *xdg_config = xdg_config_home("config");
+	int config_exists = file_exists(user_config) || file_exists(xdg_config);
+
+	free(user_config);
+	free(xdg_config);
+
+	if (config_exists)
+		return _(implicit_ident_advice_config);
+	else
+		return _(implicit_ident_advice_noconfig);
+
+}
+
+void print_commit_summary(const char *prefix, const struct object_id *oid,
+			  unsigned int flags)
+{
+	struct rev_info rev;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	struct strbuf format = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *head;
+	struct pretty_print_context pctx = {0};
+	struct strbuf author_ident = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf committer_ident = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	commit = lookup_commit(the_repository, oid);
+	if (!commit)
+		die(_("couldn't look up newly created commit"));
+	if (parse_commit(commit))
+		die(_("could not parse newly created commit"));
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&format, "format:%h] %s");
+
+	format_commit_message(commit, "%an <%ae>", &author_ident, &pctx);
+	format_commit_message(commit, "%cn <%ce>", &committer_ident, &pctx);
+	if (strbuf_cmp(&author_ident, &committer_ident)) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&format, "\n Author: ");
+		strbuf_addbuf_percentquote(&format, &author_ident);
+	}
+	if (flags & SUMMARY_SHOW_AUTHOR_DATE) {
+		struct strbuf date = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		format_commit_message(commit, "%ad", &date, &pctx);
+		strbuf_addstr(&format, "\n Date: ");
+		strbuf_addbuf_percentquote(&format, &date);
+		strbuf_release(&date);
+	}
+	if (!committer_ident_sufficiently_given()) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&format, "\n Committer: ");
+		strbuf_addbuf_percentquote(&format, &committer_ident);
+		if (advice_implicit_identity) {
+			strbuf_addch(&format, '\n');
+			strbuf_addstr(&format, implicit_ident_advice());
+		}
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&author_ident);
+	strbuf_release(&committer_ident);
+
+	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
+	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
+
+	rev.diff = 1;
+	rev.diffopt.output_format =
+		DIFF_FORMAT_SHORTSTAT | DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY;
+
+	rev.verbose_header = 1;
+	rev.show_root_diff = 1;
+	get_commit_format(format.buf, &rev);
+	rev.always_show_header = 0;
+	rev.diffopt.detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
+	rev.diffopt.break_opt = 0;
+	diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt);
+
+	head = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", 0, NULL, NULL);
+	if (!head)
+		die_errno(_("unable to resolve HEAD after creating commit"));
+	if (!strcmp(head, "HEAD"))
+		head = _("detached HEAD");
+	else
+		skip_prefix(head, "refs/heads/", &head);
+	printf("[%s%s ", head, (flags & SUMMARY_INITIAL_COMMIT) ?
+						_(" (root-commit)") : "");
+
+	if (!log_tree_commit(&rev, commit)) {
+		rev.always_show_header = 1;
+		rev.use_terminator = 1;
+		log_tree_commit(&rev, commit);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&format);
+}
+
+static int parse_head(struct commit **head)
+{
+	struct commit *current_head;
+	struct object_id oid;
+
+	if (get_oid("HEAD", &oid)) {
+		current_head = NULL;
+	} else {
+		current_head = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &oid);
+		if (!current_head)
+			return error(_("could not parse HEAD"));
+		if (oidcmp(&oid, &current_head->object.oid)) {
+			warning(_("HEAD %s is not a commit!"),
+				oid_to_hex(&oid));
+		}
+		if (parse_commit(current_head))
+			return error(_("could not parse HEAD commit"));
+	}
+	*head = current_head;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Try to commit without forking 'git commit'. In some cases we need
+ * to run 'git commit' to display an error message
+ *
+ * Returns:
+ *  -1 - error unable to commit
+ *   0 - success
+ *   1 - run 'git commit'
+ */
+static int try_to_commit(struct strbuf *msg, const char *author,
+			 struct replay_opts *opts, unsigned int flags,
+			 struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	struct object_id tree;
+	struct commit *current_head;
+	struct commit_list *parents = NULL;
+	struct commit_extra_header *extra = NULL;
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf commit_msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *amend_author = NULL;
+	const char *hook_commit = NULL;
+	enum commit_msg_cleanup_mode cleanup;
+	int res = 0;
+
+	if (parse_head(&current_head))
+		return -1;
+
+	if (flags & AMEND_MSG) {
+		const char *exclude_gpgsig[] = { "gpgsig", NULL };
+		const char *out_enc = get_commit_output_encoding();
+		const char *message = logmsg_reencode(current_head, NULL,
+						      out_enc);
+
+		if (!msg) {
+			const char *orig_message = NULL;
+
+			find_commit_subject(message, &orig_message);
+			msg = &commit_msg;
+			strbuf_addstr(msg, orig_message);
+			hook_commit = "HEAD";
+		}
+		author = amend_author = get_author(message);
+		unuse_commit_buffer(current_head, message);
+		if (!author) {
+			res = error(_("unable to parse commit author"));
+			goto out;
+		}
+		parents = copy_commit_list(current_head->parents);
+		extra = read_commit_extra_headers(current_head, exclude_gpgsig);
+	} else if (current_head) {
+		commit_list_insert(current_head, &parents);
+	}
+
+	if (write_index_as_tree(&tree, &the_index, get_index_file(), 0, NULL)) {
+		res = error(_("git write-tree failed to write a tree"));
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (!(flags & ALLOW_EMPTY) && !oidcmp(current_head ?
+					      get_commit_tree_oid(current_head) :
+					      the_hash_algo->empty_tree, &tree)) {
+		res = 1; /* run 'git commit' to display error message */
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (find_hook("prepare-commit-msg")) {
+		res = run_prepare_commit_msg_hook(msg, hook_commit);
+		if (res)
+			goto out;
+		if (strbuf_read_file(&commit_msg, git_path_commit_editmsg(),
+				     2048) < 0) {
+			res = error_errno(_("unable to read commit message "
+					      "from '%s'"),
+					    git_path_commit_editmsg());
+			goto out;
+		}
+		msg = &commit_msg;
+	}
+
+	cleanup = (flags & CLEANUP_MSG) ? COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_ALL :
+					  opts->default_msg_cleanup;
+
+	if (cleanup != COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_NONE)
+		strbuf_stripspace(msg, cleanup == COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_ALL);
+	if (!opts->allow_empty_message && message_is_empty(msg, cleanup)) {
+		res = 1; /* run 'git commit' to display error message */
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	reset_ident_date();
+
+	if (commit_tree_extended(msg->buf, msg->len, &tree, parents,
+				 oid, author, opts->gpg_sign, extra)) {
+		res = error(_("failed to write commit object"));
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (update_head_with_reflog(current_head, oid,
+				    getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"), msg, &err)) {
+		res = error("%s", err.buf);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (flags & AMEND_MSG)
+		commit_post_rewrite(current_head, oid);
+
+out:
+	free_commit_extra_headers(extra);
+	strbuf_release(&err);
+	strbuf_release(&commit_msg);
+	free(amend_author);
+
+	return res;
+}
+
+static int do_commit(const char *msg_file, const char *author,
+		     struct replay_opts *opts, unsigned int flags)
+{
+	int res = 1;
+
+	if (!(flags & EDIT_MSG) && !(flags & VERIFY_MSG) &&
+	    !(flags & CREATE_ROOT_COMMIT)) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (msg_file && strbuf_read_file(&sb, msg_file, 2048) < 0)
+			return error_errno(_("unable to read commit message "
+					     "from '%s'"),
+					   msg_file);
+
+		res = try_to_commit(msg_file ? &sb : NULL, author, opts, flags,
+				    &oid);
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		if (!res) {
+			unlink(git_path_cherry_pick_head(the_repository));
+			unlink(git_path_merge_msg(the_repository));
+			if (!is_rebase_i(opts))
+				print_commit_summary(NULL, &oid,
+						SUMMARY_SHOW_AUTHOR_DATE);
+			return res;
+		}
+	}
+	if (res == 1)
+		return run_git_commit(msg_file, opts, flags);
+
+	return res;
 }
 
 static int is_original_commit_empty(struct commit *commit)
 {
-	const unsigned char *ptree_sha1;
+	const struct object_id *ptree_oid;
 
 	if (parse_commit(commit))
-		return error(_("Could not parse commit %s\n"),
-			     sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		return error(_("could not parse commit %s"),
+			     oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 	if (commit->parents) {
 		struct commit *parent = commit->parents->item;
 		if (parse_commit(parent))
-			return error(_("Could not parse parent commit %s\n"),
-				sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
-		ptree_sha1 = parent->tree->object.sha1;
+			return error(_("could not parse parent commit %s"),
+				oid_to_hex(&parent->object.oid));
+		ptree_oid = get_commit_tree_oid(parent);
 	} else {
-		ptree_sha1 = EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN; /* commit is root */
+		ptree_oid = the_hash_algo->empty_tree; /* commit is root */
 	}
 
-	return !hashcmp(ptree_sha1, commit->tree->object.sha1);
+	return !oidcmp(ptree_oid, get_commit_tree_oid(commit));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -461,13 +1406,229 @@ static int allow_empty(struct replay_opts *opts, struct commit *commit)
 		return 1;
 }
 
-static int do_pick_commit(struct commit *commit, struct replay_opts *opts)
+/*
+ * Note that ordering matters in this enum. Not only must it match the mapping
+ * below, it is also divided into several sections that matter.  When adding
+ * new commands, make sure you add it in the right section.
+ */
+enum todo_command {
+	/* commands that handle commits */
+	TODO_PICK = 0,
+	TODO_REVERT,
+	TODO_EDIT,
+	TODO_REWORD,
+	TODO_FIXUP,
+	TODO_SQUASH,
+	/* commands that do something else than handling a single commit */
+	TODO_EXEC,
+	TODO_LABEL,
+	TODO_RESET,
+	TODO_MERGE,
+	/* commands that do nothing but are counted for reporting progress */
+	TODO_NOOP,
+	TODO_DROP,
+	/* comments (not counted for reporting progress) */
+	TODO_COMMENT
+};
+
+static struct {
+	char c;
+	const char *str;
+} todo_command_info[] = {
+	{ 'p', "pick" },
+	{ 0,   "revert" },
+	{ 'e', "edit" },
+	{ 'r', "reword" },
+	{ 'f', "fixup" },
+	{ 's', "squash" },
+	{ 'x', "exec" },
+	{ 'l', "label" },
+	{ 't', "reset" },
+	{ 'm', "merge" },
+	{ 0,   "noop" },
+	{ 'd', "drop" },
+	{ 0,   NULL }
+};
+
+static const char *command_to_string(const enum todo_command command)
+{
+	if (command < TODO_COMMENT)
+		return todo_command_info[command].str;
+	die(_("unknown command: %d"), command);
+}
+
+static char command_to_char(const enum todo_command command)
+{
+	if (command < TODO_COMMENT && todo_command_info[command].c)
+		return todo_command_info[command].c;
+	return comment_line_char;
+}
+
+static int is_noop(const enum todo_command command)
+{
+	return TODO_NOOP <= command;
+}
+
+static int is_fixup(enum todo_command command)
+{
+	return command == TODO_FIXUP || command == TODO_SQUASH;
+}
+
+/* Does this command create a (non-merge) commit? */
+static int is_pick_or_similar(enum todo_command command)
+{
+	switch (command) {
+	case TODO_PICK:
+	case TODO_REVERT:
+	case TODO_EDIT:
+	case TODO_REWORD:
+	case TODO_FIXUP:
+	case TODO_SQUASH:
+		return 1;
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+}
+
+static int update_squash_messages(enum todo_command command,
+		struct commit *commit, struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int res;
+	const char *message, *body;
+
+	if (opts->current_fixup_count > 0) {
+		struct strbuf header = STRBUF_INIT;
+		char *eol;
+
+		if (strbuf_read_file(&buf, rebase_path_squash_msg(), 9) <= 0)
+			return error(_("could not read '%s'"),
+				rebase_path_squash_msg());
+
+		eol = buf.buf[0] != comment_line_char ?
+			buf.buf : strchrnul(buf.buf, '\n');
+
+		strbuf_addf(&header, "%c ", comment_line_char);
+		strbuf_addf(&header, _("This is a combination of %d commits."),
+			    opts->current_fixup_count + 2);
+		strbuf_splice(&buf, 0, eol - buf.buf, header.buf, header.len);
+		strbuf_release(&header);
+	} else {
+		struct object_id head;
+		struct commit *head_commit;
+		const char *head_message, *body;
+
+		if (get_oid("HEAD", &head))
+			return error(_("need a HEAD to fixup"));
+		if (!(head_commit = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &head)))
+			return error(_("could not read HEAD"));
+		if (!(head_message = get_commit_buffer(head_commit, NULL)))
+			return error(_("could not read HEAD's commit message"));
+
+		find_commit_subject(head_message, &body);
+		if (write_message(body, strlen(body),
+				  rebase_path_fixup_msg(), 0)) {
+			unuse_commit_buffer(head_commit, head_message);
+			return error(_("cannot write '%s'"),
+				     rebase_path_fixup_msg());
+		}
+
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%c ", comment_line_char);
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, _("This is a combination of %d commits."), 2);
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "\n%c ", comment_line_char);
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, _("This is the 1st commit message:"));
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, "\n\n");
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, body);
+
+		unuse_commit_buffer(head_commit, head_message);
+	}
+
+	if (!(message = get_commit_buffer(commit, NULL)))
+		return error(_("could not read commit message of %s"),
+			     oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
+	find_commit_subject(message, &body);
+
+	if (command == TODO_SQUASH) {
+		unlink(rebase_path_fixup_msg());
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "\n%c ", comment_line_char);
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, _("This is the commit message #%d:"),
+			    ++opts->current_fixup_count + 1);
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, "\n\n");
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, body);
+	} else if (command == TODO_FIXUP) {
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "\n%c ", comment_line_char);
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, _("The commit message #%d will be skipped:"),
+			    ++opts->current_fixup_count + 1);
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, "\n\n");
+		strbuf_add_commented_lines(&buf, body, strlen(body));
+	} else
+		return error(_("unknown command: %d"), command);
+	unuse_commit_buffer(commit, message);
+
+	res = write_message(buf.buf, buf.len, rebase_path_squash_msg(), 0);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	if (!res) {
+		strbuf_addf(&opts->current_fixups, "%s%s %s",
+			    opts->current_fixups.len ? "\n" : "",
+			    command_to_string(command),
+			    oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
+		res = write_message(opts->current_fixups.buf,
+				    opts->current_fixups.len,
+				    rebase_path_current_fixups(), 0);
+	}
+
+	return res;
+}
+
+static void flush_rewritten_pending(void) {
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct object_id newoid;
+	FILE *out;
+
+	if (strbuf_read_file(&buf, rebase_path_rewritten_pending(), (GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1) * 2) > 0 &&
+	    !get_oid("HEAD", &newoid) &&
+	    (out = fopen_or_warn(rebase_path_rewritten_list(), "a"))) {
+		char *bol = buf.buf, *eol;
+
+		while (*bol) {
+			eol = strchrnul(bol, '\n');
+			fprintf(out, "%.*s %s\n", (int)(eol - bol),
+					bol, oid_to_hex(&newoid));
+			if (!*eol)
+				break;
+			bol = eol + 1;
+		}
+		fclose(out);
+		unlink(rebase_path_rewritten_pending());
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void record_in_rewritten(struct object_id *oid,
+		enum todo_command next_command) {
+	FILE *out = fopen_or_warn(rebase_path_rewritten_pending(), "a");
+
+	if (!out)
+		return;
+
+	fprintf(out, "%s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
+	fclose(out);
+
+	if (!is_fixup(next_command))
+		flush_rewritten_pending();
+}
+
+static int do_pick_commit(enum todo_command command, struct commit *commit,
+		struct replay_opts *opts, int final_fixup)
 {
-	unsigned char head[20];
+	unsigned int flags = opts->edit ? EDIT_MSG : 0;
+	const char *msg_file = opts->edit ? NULL : git_path_merge_msg(the_repository);
+	struct object_id head;
 	struct commit *base, *next, *parent;
 	const char *base_label, *next_label;
+	char *author = NULL;
 	struct commit_message msg = { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL };
-	char *defmsg = NULL;
 	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int res, unborn = 0, allow;
 
@@ -478,57 +1639,73 @@ static int do_pick_commit(struct commit *commit, struct replay_opts *opts)
 		 * that represents the "current" state for merge-recursive
 		 * to work on.
 		 */
-		if (write_cache_as_tree(head, 0, NULL))
-			die (_("Your index file is unmerged."));
+		if (write_index_as_tree(&head, &the_index, get_index_file(), 0, NULL))
+			return error(_("your index file is unmerged."));
 	} else {
-		unborn = get_sha1("HEAD", head);
-		if (unborn)
-			hashcpy(head, EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
-		if (index_differs_from(unborn ? EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX : "HEAD", 0))
+		unborn = get_oid("HEAD", &head);
+		/* Do we want to generate a root commit? */
+		if (is_pick_or_similar(command) && opts->have_squash_onto &&
+		    !oidcmp(&head, &opts->squash_onto)) {
+			if (is_fixup(command))
+				return error(_("cannot fixup root commit"));
+			flags |= CREATE_ROOT_COMMIT;
+			unborn = 1;
+		} else if (unborn)
+			oidcpy(&head, the_hash_algo->empty_tree);
+		if (index_differs_from(unborn ? empty_tree_oid_hex() : "HEAD",
+				       NULL, 0))
 			return error_dirty_index(opts);
 	}
 	discard_cache();
 
-	if (!commit->parents) {
+	if (!commit->parents)
 		parent = NULL;
-	}
 	else if (commit->parents->next) {
 		/* Reverting or cherry-picking a merge commit */
 		int cnt;
 		struct commit_list *p;
 
 		if (!opts->mainline)
-			return error(_("Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."),
-				sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+			return error(_("commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."),
+				oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 
 		for (cnt = 1, p = commit->parents;
 		     cnt != opts->mainline && p;
 		     cnt++)
 			p = p->next;
 		if (cnt != opts->mainline || !p)
-			return error(_("Commit %s does not have parent %d"),
-				sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1), opts->mainline);
+			return error(_("commit %s does not have parent %d"),
+				oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid), opts->mainline);
 		parent = p->item;
 	} else if (0 < opts->mainline)
-		return error(_("Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."),
-			sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		return error(_("mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."),
+			oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 	else
 		parent = commit->parents->item;
 
-	if (opts->allow_ff &&
-	    ((parent && !hashcmp(parent->object.sha1, head)) ||
-	     (!parent && unborn)))
-		return fast_forward_to(commit->object.sha1, head, unborn, opts);
-
+	if (get_message(commit, &msg) != 0)
+		return error(_("cannot get commit message for %s"),
+			oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
+
+	if (opts->allow_ff && !is_fixup(command) &&
+	    ((parent && !oidcmp(&parent->object.oid, &head)) ||
+	     (!parent && unborn))) {
+		if (is_rebase_i(opts))
+			write_author_script(msg.message);
+		res = fast_forward_to(&commit->object.oid, &head, unborn,
+			opts);
+		if (res || command != TODO_REWORD)
+			goto leave;
+		flags |= EDIT_MSG | AMEND_MSG | VERIFY_MSG;
+		msg_file = NULL;
+		goto fast_forward_edit;
+	}
 	if (parent && parse_commit(parent) < 0)
-		/* TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
-		   "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1 */
+		/* TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be a "todo" command like
+		   "revert" or "pick", the second %s a SHA1. */
 		return error(_("%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"),
-			action_name(opts), sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
-
-	if (get_message(commit, &msg) != 0)
-		return error(_("Cannot get commit message for %s"),
-			sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+			command_to_string(command),
+			oid_to_hex(&parent->object.oid));
 
 	/*
 	 * "commit" is an existing commit.  We would want to apply
@@ -537,9 +1714,7 @@ static int do_pick_commit(struct commit *commit, struct replay_opts *opts)
 	 * reverse of it if we are revert.
 	 */
 
-	defmsg = git_pathdup("MERGE_MSG");
-
-	if (opts->action == REPLAY_REVERT) {
+	if (command == TODO_REVERT) {
 		base = commit;
 		base_label = msg.label;
 		next = parent;
@@ -547,11 +1722,11 @@ static int do_pick_commit(struct commit *commit, struct replay_opts *opts)
 		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, "Revert \"");
 		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, msg.subject);
 		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, "\"\n\nThis reverts commit ");
-		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 
 		if (commit->parents && commit->parents->next) {
 			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, ", reversing\nchanges made to ");
-			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
+			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, oid_to_hex(&parent->object.oid));
 		}
 		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, ".\n");
 	} else {
@@ -562,43 +1737,74 @@ static int do_pick_commit(struct commit *commit, struct replay_opts *opts)
 		next = commit;
 		next_label = msg.label;
 
-		/*
-		 * Append the commit log message to msgbuf; it starts
-		 * after the tree, parent, author, committer
-		 * information followed by "\n\n".
-		 */
-		p = strstr(msg.message, "\n\n");
-		if (p) {
-			p += 2;
+		/* Append the commit log message to msgbuf. */
+		if (find_commit_subject(msg.message, &p))
 			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, p);
-		}
 
 		if (opts->record_origin) {
+			strbuf_complete_line(&msgbuf);
 			if (!has_conforming_footer(&msgbuf, NULL, 0))
 				strbuf_addch(&msgbuf, '\n');
 			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, cherry_picked_prefix);
-			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, ")\n");
 		}
+		if (!is_fixup(command))
+			author = get_author(msg.message);
+	}
+
+	if (command == TODO_REWORD)
+		flags |= EDIT_MSG | VERIFY_MSG;
+	else if (is_fixup(command)) {
+		if (update_squash_messages(command, commit, opts))
+			return -1;
+		flags |= AMEND_MSG;
+		if (!final_fixup)
+			msg_file = rebase_path_squash_msg();
+		else if (file_exists(rebase_path_fixup_msg())) {
+			flags |= CLEANUP_MSG;
+			msg_file = rebase_path_fixup_msg();
+		} else {
+			const char *dest = git_path_squash_msg(the_repository);
+			unlink(dest);
+			if (copy_file(dest, rebase_path_squash_msg(), 0666))
+				return error(_("could not rename '%s' to '%s'"),
+					     rebase_path_squash_msg(), dest);
+			unlink(git_path_merge_msg(the_repository));
+			msg_file = dest;
+			flags |= EDIT_MSG;
+		}
 	}
 
-	if (!opts->strategy || !strcmp(opts->strategy, "recursive") || opts->action == REPLAY_REVERT) {
+	if (opts->signoff && !is_fixup(command))
+		append_signoff(&msgbuf, 0, 0);
+
+	if (is_rebase_i(opts) && write_author_script(msg.message) < 0)
+		res = -1;
+	else if (!opts->strategy || !strcmp(opts->strategy, "recursive") || command == TODO_REVERT) {
 		res = do_recursive_merge(base, next, base_label, next_label,
-					 head, &msgbuf, opts);
-		write_message(&msgbuf, defmsg);
+					 &head, &msgbuf, opts);
+		if (res < 0)
+			goto leave;
+
+		res |= write_message(msgbuf.buf, msgbuf.len,
+				     git_path_merge_msg(the_repository), 0);
 	} else {
 		struct commit_list *common = NULL;
 		struct commit_list *remotes = NULL;
 
-		write_message(&msgbuf, defmsg);
+		res = write_message(msgbuf.buf, msgbuf.len,
+				    git_path_merge_msg(the_repository), 0);
 
 		commit_list_insert(base, &common);
 		commit_list_insert(next, &remotes);
-		res = try_merge_command(opts->strategy, opts->xopts_nr, opts->xopts,
-					common, sha1_to_hex(head), remotes);
+		res |= try_merge_command(opts->strategy,
+					 opts->xopts_nr, (const char **)opts->xopts,
+					common, oid_to_hex(&head), remotes);
 		free_commit_list(common);
 		free_commit_list(remotes);
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&msgbuf);
 
 	/*
 	 * If the merge was clean or if it failed due to conflict, we write
@@ -606,17 +1812,20 @@ static int do_pick_commit(struct commit *commit, struct replay_opts *opts)
 	 * However, if the merge did not even start, then we don't want to
 	 * write it at all.
 	 */
-	if (opts->action == REPLAY_PICK && !opts->no_commit && (res == 0 || res == 1))
-		write_cherry_pick_head(commit, "CHERRY_PICK_HEAD");
-	if (opts->action == REPLAY_REVERT && ((opts->no_commit && res == 0) || res == 1))
-		write_cherry_pick_head(commit, "REVERT_HEAD");
+	if (command == TODO_PICK && !opts->no_commit && (res == 0 || res == 1) &&
+	    update_ref(NULL, "CHERRY_PICK_HEAD", &commit->object.oid, NULL,
+		       REF_NO_DEREF, UPDATE_REFS_MSG_ON_ERR))
+		res = -1;
+	if (command == TODO_REVERT && ((opts->no_commit && res == 0) || res == 1) &&
+	    update_ref(NULL, "REVERT_HEAD", &commit->object.oid, NULL,
+		       REF_NO_DEREF, UPDATE_REFS_MSG_ON_ERR))
+		res = -1;
 
 	if (res) {
-		error(opts->action == REPLAY_REVERT
+		error(command == TODO_REVERT
 		      ? _("could not revert %s... %s")
 		      : _("could not apply %s... %s"),
-		      find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV),
-		      msg.subject);
+		      short_commit_name(commit), msg.subject);
 		print_advice(res == 1, opts);
 		rerere(opts->allow_rerere_auto);
 		goto leave;
@@ -626,18 +1835,33 @@ static int do_pick_commit(struct commit *commit, struct replay_opts *opts)
 	if (allow < 0) {
 		res = allow;
 		goto leave;
+	} else if (allow)
+		flags |= ALLOW_EMPTY;
+	if (!opts->no_commit) {
+fast_forward_edit:
+		if (author || command == TODO_REVERT || (flags & AMEND_MSG))
+			res = do_commit(msg_file, author, opts, flags);
+		else
+			res = error(_("unable to parse commit author"));
+	}
+
+	if (!res && final_fixup) {
+		unlink(rebase_path_fixup_msg());
+		unlink(rebase_path_squash_msg());
+		unlink(rebase_path_current_fixups());
+		strbuf_reset(&opts->current_fixups);
+		opts->current_fixup_count = 0;
 	}
-	if (!opts->no_commit)
-		res = run_git_commit(defmsg, opts, allow);
 
 leave:
 	free_message(commit, &msg);
-	free(defmsg);
+	free(author);
+	update_abort_safety_file();
 
 	return res;
 }
 
-static void prepare_revs(struct replay_opts *opts)
+static int prepare_revs(struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
 	/*
 	 * picking (but not reverting) ranges (but not individual revisions)
@@ -647,133 +1871,305 @@ static void prepare_revs(struct replay_opts *opts)
 		opts->revs->reverse ^= 1;
 
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(opts->revs))
-		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
+		return error(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 
-	if (!opts->revs->commits)
-		die(_("empty commit set passed"));
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static void read_and_refresh_cache(struct replay_opts *opts)
+static int read_and_refresh_cache(struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
-	static struct lock_file index_lock;
+	struct lock_file index_lock = LOCK_INIT;
 	int index_fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 0);
-	if (read_index_preload(&the_index, NULL) < 0)
-		die(_("git %s: failed to read the index"), action_name(opts));
+	if (read_index_preload(&the_index, NULL) < 0) {
+		rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
+		return error(_("git %s: failed to read the index"),
+			_(action_name(opts)));
+	}
 	refresh_index(&the_index, REFRESH_QUIET|REFRESH_UNMERGED, NULL, NULL, NULL);
-	if (the_index.cache_changed && index_fd >= 0) {
-		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &index_lock, COMMIT_LOCK))
-			die(_("git %s: failed to refresh the index"), action_name(opts));
+	if (index_fd >= 0) {
+		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &index_lock,
+				       COMMIT_LOCK | SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED)) {
+			return error(_("git %s: failed to refresh the index"),
+				_(action_name(opts)));
+		}
 	}
-	rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static int format_todo(struct strbuf *buf, struct commit_list *todo_list,
-		struct replay_opts *opts)
+enum todo_item_flags {
+	TODO_EDIT_MERGE_MSG = 1
+};
+
+struct todo_item {
+	enum todo_command command;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	unsigned int flags;
+	const char *arg;
+	int arg_len;
+	size_t offset_in_buf;
+};
+
+struct todo_list {
+	struct strbuf buf;
+	struct todo_item *items;
+	int nr, alloc, current;
+	int done_nr, total_nr;
+	struct stat_data stat;
+};
+
+#define TODO_LIST_INIT { STRBUF_INIT }
+
+static void todo_list_release(struct todo_list *todo_list)
 {
-	struct commit_list *cur = NULL;
-	const char *sha1_abbrev = NULL;
-	const char *action_str = opts->action == REPLAY_REVERT ? "revert" : "pick";
-	const char *subject;
-	int subject_len;
+	strbuf_release(&todo_list->buf);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(todo_list->items);
+	todo_list->nr = todo_list->alloc = 0;
+}
 
-	for (cur = todo_list; cur; cur = cur->next) {
-		const char *commit_buffer = get_commit_buffer(cur->item, NULL);
-		sha1_abbrev = find_unique_abbrev(cur->item->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
-		subject_len = find_commit_subject(commit_buffer, &subject);
-		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s %s %.*s\n", action_str, sha1_abbrev,
-			subject_len, subject);
-		unuse_commit_buffer(cur->item, commit_buffer);
-	}
-	return 0;
+static struct todo_item *append_new_todo(struct todo_list *todo_list)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(todo_list->items, todo_list->nr + 1, todo_list->alloc);
+	return todo_list->items + todo_list->nr++;
 }
 
-static struct commit *parse_insn_line(char *bol, char *eol, struct replay_opts *opts)
+static int parse_insn_line(struct todo_item *item, const char *bol, char *eol)
 {
-	unsigned char commit_sha1[20];
-	enum replay_action action;
+	struct object_id commit_oid;
 	char *end_of_object_name;
-	int saved, status, padding;
-
-	if (starts_with(bol, "pick")) {
-		action = REPLAY_PICK;
-		bol += strlen("pick");
-	} else if (starts_with(bol, "revert")) {
-		action = REPLAY_REVERT;
-		bol += strlen("revert");
-	} else
-		return NULL;
+	int i, saved, status, padding;
+
+	item->flags = 0;
+
+	/* left-trim */
+	bol += strspn(bol, " \t");
+
+	if (bol == eol || *bol == '\r' || *bol == comment_line_char) {
+		item->command = TODO_COMMENT;
+		item->commit = NULL;
+		item->arg = bol;
+		item->arg_len = eol - bol;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < TODO_COMMENT; i++)
+		if (skip_prefix(bol, todo_command_info[i].str, &bol)) {
+			item->command = i;
+			break;
+		} else if (bol[1] == ' ' && *bol == todo_command_info[i].c) {
+			bol++;
+			item->command = i;
+			break;
+		}
+	if (i >= TODO_COMMENT)
+		return -1;
 
 	/* Eat up extra spaces/ tabs before object name */
 	padding = strspn(bol, " \t");
-	if (!padding)
-		return NULL;
 	bol += padding;
 
-	end_of_object_name = bol + strcspn(bol, " \t\n");
+	if (item->command == TODO_NOOP) {
+		if (bol != eol)
+			return error(_("%s does not accept arguments: '%s'"),
+				     command_to_string(item->command), bol);
+		item->commit = NULL;
+		item->arg = bol;
+		item->arg_len = eol - bol;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!padding)
+		return error(_("missing arguments for %s"),
+			     command_to_string(item->command));
+
+	if (item->command == TODO_EXEC || item->command == TODO_LABEL ||
+	    item->command == TODO_RESET) {
+		item->commit = NULL;
+		item->arg = bol;
+		item->arg_len = (int)(eol - bol);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (item->command == TODO_MERGE) {
+		if (skip_prefix(bol, "-C", &bol))
+			bol += strspn(bol, " \t");
+		else if (skip_prefix(bol, "-c", &bol)) {
+			bol += strspn(bol, " \t");
+			item->flags |= TODO_EDIT_MERGE_MSG;
+		} else {
+			item->flags |= TODO_EDIT_MERGE_MSG;
+			item->commit = NULL;
+			item->arg = bol;
+			item->arg_len = (int)(eol - bol);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	end_of_object_name = (char *) bol + strcspn(bol, " \t\n");
 	saved = *end_of_object_name;
 	*end_of_object_name = '\0';
-	status = get_sha1(bol, commit_sha1);
+	status = get_oid(bol, &commit_oid);
 	*end_of_object_name = saved;
 
-	/*
-	 * Verify that the action matches up with the one in
-	 * opts; we don't support arbitrary instructions
-	 */
-	if (action != opts->action) {
-		const char *action_str;
-		action_str = action == REPLAY_REVERT ? "revert" : "cherry-pick";
-		error(_("Cannot %s during a %s"), action_str, action_name(opts));
-		return NULL;
-	}
+	item->arg = end_of_object_name + strspn(end_of_object_name, " \t");
+	item->arg_len = (int)(eol - item->arg);
 
 	if (status < 0)
-		return NULL;
+		return -1;
 
-	return lookup_commit_reference(commit_sha1);
+	item->commit = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &commit_oid);
+	return !item->commit;
 }
 
-static int parse_insn_buffer(char *buf, struct commit_list **todo_list,
-			struct replay_opts *opts)
+static int parse_insn_buffer(char *buf, struct todo_list *todo_list)
 {
-	struct commit_list **next = todo_list;
-	struct commit *commit;
-	char *p = buf;
-	int i;
+	struct todo_item *item;
+	char *p = buf, *next_p;
+	int i, res = 0, fixup_okay = file_exists(rebase_path_done());
 
-	for (i = 1; *p; i++) {
+	for (i = 1; *p; i++, p = next_p) {
 		char *eol = strchrnul(p, '\n');
-		commit = parse_insn_line(p, eol, opts);
-		if (!commit)
-			return error(_("Could not parse line %d."), i);
-		next = commit_list_append(commit, next);
-		p = *eol ? eol + 1 : eol;
+
+		next_p = *eol ? eol + 1 /* skip LF */ : eol;
+
+		if (p != eol && eol[-1] == '\r')
+			eol--; /* strip Carriage Return */
+
+		item = append_new_todo(todo_list);
+		item->offset_in_buf = p - todo_list->buf.buf;
+		if (parse_insn_line(item, p, eol)) {
+			res = error(_("invalid line %d: %.*s"),
+				i, (int)(eol - p), p);
+			item->command = TODO_NOOP;
+		}
+
+		if (fixup_okay)
+			; /* do nothing */
+		else if (is_fixup(item->command))
+			return error(_("cannot '%s' without a previous commit"),
+				command_to_string(item->command));
+		else if (!is_noop(item->command))
+			fixup_okay = 1;
 	}
-	if (!*todo_list)
-		return error(_("No commits parsed."));
-	return 0;
+
+	return res;
 }
 
-static void read_populate_todo(struct commit_list **todo_list,
-			struct replay_opts *opts)
+static int count_commands(struct todo_list *todo_list)
 {
-	const char *todo_file = git_path(SEQ_TODO_FILE);
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int fd, res;
+	int count = 0, i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < todo_list->nr; i++)
+		if (todo_list->items[i].command != TODO_COMMENT)
+			count++;
+
+	return count;
+}
 
-	fd = open(todo_file, O_RDONLY);
+static int get_item_line_offset(struct todo_list *todo_list, int index)
+{
+	return index < todo_list->nr ?
+		todo_list->items[index].offset_in_buf : todo_list->buf.len;
+}
+
+static const char *get_item_line(struct todo_list *todo_list, int index)
+{
+	return todo_list->buf.buf + get_item_line_offset(todo_list, index);
+}
+
+static int get_item_line_length(struct todo_list *todo_list, int index)
+{
+	return get_item_line_offset(todo_list, index + 1)
+		-  get_item_line_offset(todo_list, index);
+}
+
+static ssize_t strbuf_read_file_or_whine(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path)
+{
+	int fd;
+	ssize_t len;
+
+	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not open %s"), todo_file);
-	if (strbuf_read(&buf, fd, 0) < 0) {
-		close(fd);
-		strbuf_release(&buf);
-		die(_("Could not read %s."), todo_file);
-	}
+		return error_errno(_("could not open '%s'"), path);
+	len = strbuf_read(sb, fd, 0);
 	close(fd);
+	if (len < 0)
+		return error(_("could not read '%s'."), path);
+	return len;
+}
 
-	res = parse_insn_buffer(buf.buf, todo_list, opts);
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
+static int read_populate_todo(struct todo_list *todo_list,
+			struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	const char *todo_file = get_todo_path(opts);
+	int res;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&todo_list->buf);
+	if (strbuf_read_file_or_whine(&todo_list->buf, todo_file) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	res = stat(todo_file, &st);
 	if (res)
-		die(_("Unusable instruction sheet: %s"), todo_file);
+		return error(_("could not stat '%s'"), todo_file);
+	fill_stat_data(&todo_list->stat, &st);
+
+	res = parse_insn_buffer(todo_list->buf.buf, todo_list);
+	if (res) {
+		if (is_rebase_i(opts))
+			return error(_("please fix this using "
+				       "'git rebase --edit-todo'."));
+		return error(_("unusable instruction sheet: '%s'"), todo_file);
+	}
+
+	if (!todo_list->nr &&
+	    (!is_rebase_i(opts) || !file_exists(rebase_path_done())))
+		return error(_("no commits parsed."));
+
+	if (!is_rebase_i(opts)) {
+		enum todo_command valid =
+			opts->action == REPLAY_PICK ? TODO_PICK : TODO_REVERT;
+		int i;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < todo_list->nr; i++)
+			if (valid == todo_list->items[i].command)
+				continue;
+			else if (valid == TODO_PICK)
+				return error(_("cannot cherry-pick during a revert."));
+			else
+				return error(_("cannot revert during a cherry-pick."));
+	}
+
+	if (is_rebase_i(opts)) {
+		struct todo_list done = TODO_LIST_INIT;
+		FILE *f = fopen_or_warn(rebase_path_msgtotal(), "w");
+
+		if (strbuf_read_file(&done.buf, rebase_path_done(), 0) > 0 &&
+				!parse_insn_buffer(done.buf.buf, &done))
+			todo_list->done_nr = count_commands(&done);
+		else
+			todo_list->done_nr = 0;
+
+		todo_list->total_nr = todo_list->done_nr
+			+ count_commands(todo_list);
+		todo_list_release(&done);
+
+		if (f) {
+			fprintf(f, "%d\n", todo_list->total_nr);
+			fclose(f);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int git_config_string_dup(char **dest,
+				 const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!value)
+		return config_error_nonbool(var);
+	free(*dest);
+	*dest = xstrdup(value);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int populate_opts_cb(const char *key, const char *value, void *data)
@@ -796,106 +2192,243 @@ static int populate_opts_cb(const char *key, const char *value, void *data)
 	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.mainline"))
 		opts->mainline = git_config_int(key, value);
 	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.strategy"))
-		git_config_string(&opts->strategy, key, value);
+		git_config_string_dup(&opts->strategy, key, value);
 	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.gpg-sign"))
-		git_config_string(&opts->gpg_sign, key, value);
+		git_config_string_dup(&opts->gpg_sign, key, value);
 	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.strategy-option")) {
 		ALLOC_GROW(opts->xopts, opts->xopts_nr + 1, opts->xopts_alloc);
 		opts->xopts[opts->xopts_nr++] = xstrdup(value);
-	} else
-		return error(_("Invalid key: %s"), key);
+	} else if (!strcmp(key, "options.allow-rerere-auto"))
+		opts->allow_rerere_auto =
+			git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &error_flag) ?
+				RERERE_AUTOUPDATE : RERERE_NOAUTOUPDATE;
+	else
+		return error(_("invalid key: %s"), key);
 
 	if (!error_flag)
-		return error(_("Invalid value for %s: %s"), key, value);
+		return error(_("invalid value for %s: %s"), key, value);
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void read_populate_opts(struct replay_opts **opts_ptr)
+static void read_strategy_opts(struct replay_opts *opts, struct strbuf *buf)
 {
-	const char *opts_file = git_path(SEQ_OPTS_FILE);
+	int i;
+	char *strategy_opts_string;
 
-	if (!file_exists(opts_file))
+	strbuf_reset(buf);
+	if (!read_oneliner(buf, rebase_path_strategy(), 0))
 		return;
-	if (git_config_from_file(populate_opts_cb, opts_file, *opts_ptr) < 0)
-		die(_("Malformed options sheet: %s"), opts_file);
+	opts->strategy = strbuf_detach(buf, NULL);
+	if (!read_oneliner(buf, rebase_path_strategy_opts(), 0))
+		return;
+
+	strategy_opts_string = buf->buf;
+	if (*strategy_opts_string == ' ')
+		strategy_opts_string++;
+	opts->xopts_nr = split_cmdline(strategy_opts_string,
+				       (const char ***)&opts->xopts);
+	for (i = 0; i < opts->xopts_nr; i++) {
+		const char *arg = opts->xopts[i];
+
+		skip_prefix(arg, "--", &arg);
+		opts->xopts[i] = xstrdup(arg);
+	}
 }
 
-static void walk_revs_populate_todo(struct commit_list **todo_list,
+static int read_populate_opts(struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	if (is_rebase_i(opts)) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (read_oneliner(&buf, rebase_path_gpg_sign_opt(), 1)) {
+			if (!starts_with(buf.buf, "-S"))
+				strbuf_reset(&buf);
+			else {
+				free(opts->gpg_sign);
+				opts->gpg_sign = xstrdup(buf.buf + 2);
+			}
+			strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		}
+
+		if (read_oneliner(&buf, rebase_path_allow_rerere_autoupdate(), 1)) {
+			if (!strcmp(buf.buf, "--rerere-autoupdate"))
+				opts->allow_rerere_auto = RERERE_AUTOUPDATE;
+			else if (!strcmp(buf.buf, "--no-rerere-autoupdate"))
+				opts->allow_rerere_auto = RERERE_NOAUTOUPDATE;
+			strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		}
+
+		if (file_exists(rebase_path_verbose()))
+			opts->verbose = 1;
+
+		if (file_exists(rebase_path_signoff())) {
+			opts->allow_ff = 0;
+			opts->signoff = 1;
+		}
+
+		read_strategy_opts(opts, &buf);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+		if (read_oneliner(&opts->current_fixups,
+				  rebase_path_current_fixups(), 1)) {
+			const char *p = opts->current_fixups.buf;
+			opts->current_fixup_count = 1;
+			while ((p = strchr(p, '\n'))) {
+				opts->current_fixup_count++;
+				p++;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (read_oneliner(&buf, rebase_path_squash_onto(), 0)) {
+			if (get_oid_hex(buf.buf, &opts->squash_onto) < 0)
+				return error(_("unusable squash-onto"));
+			opts->have_squash_onto = 1;
+		}
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!file_exists(git_path_opts_file()))
+		return 0;
+	/*
+	 * The function git_parse_source(), called from git_config_from_file(),
+	 * may die() in case of a syntactically incorrect file. We do not care
+	 * about this case, though, because we wrote that file ourselves, so we
+	 * are pretty certain that it is syntactically correct.
+	 */
+	if (git_config_from_file(populate_opts_cb, git_path_opts_file(), opts) < 0)
+		return error(_("malformed options sheet: '%s'"),
+			git_path_opts_file());
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int walk_revs_populate_todo(struct todo_list *todo_list,
 				struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
+	enum todo_command command = opts->action == REPLAY_PICK ?
+		TODO_PICK : TODO_REVERT;
+	const char *command_string = todo_command_info[command].str;
 	struct commit *commit;
-	struct commit_list **next;
 
-	prepare_revs(opts);
+	if (prepare_revs(opts))
+		return -1;
 
-	next = todo_list;
-	while ((commit = get_revision(opts->revs)))
-		next = commit_list_append(commit, next);
+	while ((commit = get_revision(opts->revs))) {
+		struct todo_item *item = append_new_todo(todo_list);
+		const char *commit_buffer = get_commit_buffer(commit, NULL);
+		const char *subject;
+		int subject_len;
+
+		item->command = command;
+		item->commit = commit;
+		item->arg = NULL;
+		item->arg_len = 0;
+		item->offset_in_buf = todo_list->buf.len;
+		subject_len = find_commit_subject(commit_buffer, &subject);
+		strbuf_addf(&todo_list->buf, "%s %s %.*s\n", command_string,
+			short_commit_name(commit), subject_len, subject);
+		unuse_commit_buffer(commit, commit_buffer);
+	}
+
+	if (!todo_list->nr)
+		return error(_("empty commit set passed"));
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int create_seq_dir(void)
 {
-	const char *seq_dir = git_path(SEQ_DIR);
-
-	if (file_exists(seq_dir)) {
+	if (file_exists(git_path_seq_dir())) {
 		error(_("a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"));
 		advise(_("try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""));
 		return -1;
-	}
-	else if (mkdir(seq_dir, 0777) < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not create sequencer directory %s"), seq_dir);
+	} else if (mkdir(git_path_seq_dir(), 0777) < 0)
+		return error_errno(_("could not create sequencer directory '%s'"),
+				   git_path_seq_dir());
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void save_head(const char *head)
+static int save_head(const char *head)
 {
-	const char *head_file = git_path(SEQ_HEAD_FILE);
-	static struct lock_file head_lock;
+	struct lock_file head_lock = LOCK_INIT;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int fd;
+	ssize_t written;
 
-	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&head_lock, head_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&head_lock, git_path_head_file(), 0);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return error_errno(_("could not lock HEAD"));
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\n", head);
-	if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not write to %s"), head_file);
+	written = write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	if (written < 0) {
+		error_errno(_("could not write to '%s'"), git_path_head_file());
+		rollback_lock_file(&head_lock);
+		return -1;
+	}
 	if (commit_lock_file(&head_lock) < 0)
-		die(_("Error wrapping up %s."), head_file);
+		return error(_("failed to finalize '%s'"), git_path_head_file());
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int rollback_is_safe(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct object_id expected_head, actual_head;
+
+	if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path_abort_safety_file(), 0) >= 0) {
+		strbuf_trim(&sb);
+		if (get_oid_hex(sb.buf, &expected_head)) {
+			strbuf_release(&sb);
+			die(_("could not parse %s"), git_path_abort_safety_file());
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+	}
+	else if (errno == ENOENT)
+		oidclr(&expected_head);
+	else
+		die_errno(_("could not read '%s'"), git_path_abort_safety_file());
+
+	if (get_oid("HEAD", &actual_head))
+		oidclr(&actual_head);
+
+	return !oidcmp(&actual_head, &expected_head);
 }
 
-static int reset_for_rollback(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static int reset_for_rollback(const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	const char *argv[4];	/* reset --merge <arg> + NULL */
+
 	argv[0] = "reset";
 	argv[1] = "--merge";
-	argv[2] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
+	argv[2] = oid_to_hex(oid);
 	argv[3] = NULL;
 	return run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD);
 }
 
 static int rollback_single_pick(void)
 {
-	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id head_oid;
 
-	if (!file_exists(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD")) &&
-	    !file_exists(git_path("REVERT_HEAD")))
+	if (!file_exists(git_path_cherry_pick_head(the_repository)) &&
+	    !file_exists(git_path_revert_head(the_repository)))
 		return error(_("no cherry-pick or revert in progress"));
-	if (read_ref_full("HEAD", 0, head_sha1, NULL))
+	if (read_ref_full("HEAD", 0, &head_oid, NULL))
 		return error(_("cannot resolve HEAD"));
-	if (is_null_sha1(head_sha1))
+	if (is_null_oid(&head_oid))
 		return error(_("cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"));
-	return reset_for_rollback(head_sha1);
+	return reset_for_rollback(&head_oid);
 }
 
-static int sequencer_rollback(struct replay_opts *opts)
+int sequencer_rollback(struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
-	const char *filename;
 	FILE *f;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *p;
 
-	filename = git_path(SEQ_HEAD_FILE);
-	f = fopen(filename, "r");
+	f = fopen(git_path_head_file(), "r");
 	if (!f && errno == ENOENT) {
 		/*
 		 * There is no multiple-cherry-pick in progress.
@@ -905,188 +2438,1322 @@ static int sequencer_rollback(struct replay_opts *opts)
 		return rollback_single_pick();
 	}
 	if (!f)
-		return error(_("cannot open %s: %s"), filename,
-						strerror(errno));
-	if (strbuf_getline(&buf, f, '\n')) {
-		error(_("cannot read %s: %s"), filename, ferror(f) ?
-			strerror(errno) : _("unexpected end of file"));
+		return error_errno(_("cannot open '%s'"), git_path_head_file());
+	if (strbuf_getline_lf(&buf, f)) {
+		error(_("cannot read '%s': %s"), git_path_head_file(),
+		      ferror(f) ?  strerror(errno) : _("unexpected end of file"));
 		fclose(f);
 		goto fail;
 	}
 	fclose(f);
-	if (get_sha1_hex(buf.buf, sha1) || buf.buf[40] != '\0') {
+	if (parse_oid_hex(buf.buf, &oid, &p) || *p != '\0') {
 		error(_("stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"),
-			filename);
+			git_path_head_file());
 		goto fail;
 	}
-	if (reset_for_rollback(sha1))
+	if (is_null_oid(&oid)) {
+		error(_("cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"));
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	if (!rollback_is_safe()) {
+		/* Do not error, just do not rollback */
+		warning(_("You seem to have moved HEAD. "
+			  "Not rewinding, check your HEAD!"));
+	} else
+	if (reset_for_rollback(&oid))
 		goto fail;
-	remove_sequencer_state();
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	return 0;
+	return sequencer_remove_state(opts);
 fail:
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static void save_todo(struct commit_list *todo_list, struct replay_opts *opts)
+static int save_todo(struct todo_list *todo_list, struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
-	const char *todo_file = git_path(SEQ_TODO_FILE);
-	static struct lock_file todo_lock;
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int fd;
+	struct lock_file todo_lock = LOCK_INIT;
+	const char *todo_path = get_todo_path(opts);
+	int next = todo_list->current, offset, fd;
 
-	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&todo_lock, todo_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
-	if (format_todo(&buf, todo_list, opts) < 0)
-		die(_("Could not format %s."), todo_file);
-	if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) < 0) {
-		strbuf_release(&buf);
-		die_errno(_("Could not write to %s"), todo_file);
-	}
-	if (commit_lock_file(&todo_lock) < 0) {
-		strbuf_release(&buf);
-		die(_("Error wrapping up %s."), todo_file);
+	/*
+	 * rebase -i writes "git-rebase-todo" without the currently executing
+	 * command, appending it to "done" instead.
+	 */
+	if (is_rebase_i(opts))
+		next++;
+
+	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&todo_lock, todo_path, 0);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return error_errno(_("could not lock '%s'"), todo_path);
+	offset = get_item_line_offset(todo_list, next);
+	if (write_in_full(fd, todo_list->buf.buf + offset,
+			todo_list->buf.len - offset) < 0)
+		return error_errno(_("could not write to '%s'"), todo_path);
+	if (commit_lock_file(&todo_lock) < 0)
+		return error(_("failed to finalize '%s'"), todo_path);
+
+	if (is_rebase_i(opts) && next > 0) {
+		const char *done = rebase_path_done();
+		int fd = open(done, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_APPEND, 0666);
+		int ret = 0;
+
+		if (fd < 0)
+			return 0;
+		if (write_in_full(fd, get_item_line(todo_list, next - 1),
+				  get_item_line_length(todo_list, next - 1))
+		    < 0)
+			ret = error_errno(_("could not write to '%s'"), done);
+		if (close(fd) < 0)
+			ret = error_errno(_("failed to finalize '%s'"), done);
+		return ret;
 	}
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static void save_opts(struct replay_opts *opts)
+static int save_opts(struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
-	const char *opts_file = git_path(SEQ_OPTS_FILE);
+	const char *opts_file = git_path_opts_file();
+	int res = 0;
 
 	if (opts->no_commit)
-		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.no-commit", "true");
+		res |= git_config_set_in_file_gently(opts_file, "options.no-commit", "true");
 	if (opts->edit)
-		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.edit", "true");
+		res |= git_config_set_in_file_gently(opts_file, "options.edit", "true");
 	if (opts->signoff)
-		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.signoff", "true");
+		res |= git_config_set_in_file_gently(opts_file, "options.signoff", "true");
 	if (opts->record_origin)
-		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.record-origin", "true");
+		res |= git_config_set_in_file_gently(opts_file, "options.record-origin", "true");
 	if (opts->allow_ff)
-		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.allow-ff", "true");
+		res |= git_config_set_in_file_gently(opts_file, "options.allow-ff", "true");
 	if (opts->mainline) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%d", opts->mainline);
-		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.mainline", buf.buf);
+		res |= git_config_set_in_file_gently(opts_file, "options.mainline", buf.buf);
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	}
 	if (opts->strategy)
-		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.strategy", opts->strategy);
+		res |= git_config_set_in_file_gently(opts_file, "options.strategy", opts->strategy);
 	if (opts->gpg_sign)
-		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.gpg-sign", opts->gpg_sign);
+		res |= git_config_set_in_file_gently(opts_file, "options.gpg-sign", opts->gpg_sign);
 	if (opts->xopts) {
 		int i;
 		for (i = 0; i < opts->xopts_nr; i++)
-			git_config_set_multivar_in_file(opts_file,
+			res |= git_config_set_multivar_in_file_gently(opts_file,
 							"options.strategy-option",
 							opts->xopts[i], "^$", 0);
 	}
+	if (opts->allow_rerere_auto)
+		res |= git_config_set_in_file_gently(opts_file, "options.allow-rerere-auto",
+						     opts->allow_rerere_auto == RERERE_AUTOUPDATE ?
+						     "true" : "false");
+	return res;
 }
 
-static int pick_commits(struct commit_list *todo_list, struct replay_opts *opts)
+static int make_patch(struct commit *commit, struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
-	struct commit_list *cur;
-	int res;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct rev_info log_tree_opt;
+	const char *subject, *p;
+	int res = 0;
+
+	p = short_commit_name(commit);
+	if (write_message(p, strlen(p), rebase_path_stopped_sha(), 1) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	if (update_ref("rebase", "REBASE_HEAD", &commit->object.oid,
+		       NULL, REF_NO_DEREF, UPDATE_REFS_MSG_ON_ERR))
+		res |= error(_("could not update %s"), "REBASE_HEAD");
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s/patch", get_dir(opts));
+	memset(&log_tree_opt, 0, sizeof(log_tree_opt));
+	init_revisions(&log_tree_opt, NULL);
+	log_tree_opt.abbrev = 0;
+	log_tree_opt.diff = 1;
+	log_tree_opt.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
+	log_tree_opt.disable_stdin = 1;
+	log_tree_opt.no_commit_id = 1;
+	log_tree_opt.diffopt.file = fopen(buf.buf, "w");
+	log_tree_opt.diffopt.use_color = GIT_COLOR_NEVER;
+	if (!log_tree_opt.diffopt.file)
+		res |= error_errno(_("could not open '%s'"), buf.buf);
+	else {
+		res |= log_tree_commit(&log_tree_opt, commit);
+		fclose(log_tree_opt.diffopt.file);
+	}
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s/message", get_dir(opts));
+	if (!file_exists(buf.buf)) {
+		const char *commit_buffer = get_commit_buffer(commit, NULL);
+		find_commit_subject(commit_buffer, &subject);
+		res |= write_message(subject, strlen(subject), buf.buf, 1);
+		unuse_commit_buffer(commit, commit_buffer);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	return res;
+}
+
+static int intend_to_amend(void)
+{
+	struct object_id head;
+	char *p;
+
+	if (get_oid("HEAD", &head))
+		return error(_("cannot read HEAD"));
+
+	p = oid_to_hex(&head);
+	return write_message(p, strlen(p), rebase_path_amend(), 1);
+}
+
+static int error_with_patch(struct commit *commit,
+	const char *subject, int subject_len,
+	struct replay_opts *opts, int exit_code, int to_amend)
+{
+	if (commit) {
+		if (make_patch(commit, opts))
+			return -1;
+	} else if (copy_file(rebase_path_message(),
+			     git_path_merge_msg(the_repository), 0666))
+		return error(_("unable to copy '%s' to '%s'"),
+			     git_path_merge_msg(the_repository), rebase_path_message());
+
+	if (to_amend) {
+		if (intend_to_amend())
+			return -1;
+
+		fprintf(stderr,
+			_("You can amend the commit now, with\n"
+			  "\n"
+			  "  git commit --amend %s\n"
+			  "\n"
+			  "Once you are satisfied with your changes, run\n"
+			  "\n"
+			  "  git rebase --continue\n"),
+			gpg_sign_opt_quoted(opts));
+	} else if (exit_code) {
+		if (commit)
+			fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Could not apply %s... %.*s"),
+				   short_commit_name(commit), subject_len, subject);
+		else
+			/*
+			 * We don't have the hash of the parent so
+			 * just print the line from the todo file.
+			 */
+			fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Could not merge %.*s"),
+				   subject_len, subject);
+	}
+
+	return exit_code;
+}
+
+static int error_failed_squash(struct commit *commit,
+	struct replay_opts *opts, int subject_len, const char *subject)
+{
+	if (copy_file(rebase_path_message(), rebase_path_squash_msg(), 0666))
+		return error(_("could not copy '%s' to '%s'"),
+			rebase_path_squash_msg(), rebase_path_message());
+	unlink(git_path_merge_msg(the_repository));
+	if (copy_file(git_path_merge_msg(the_repository), rebase_path_message(), 0666))
+		return error(_("could not copy '%s' to '%s'"),
+			     rebase_path_message(),
+			     git_path_merge_msg(the_repository));
+	return error_with_patch(commit, subject, subject_len, opts, 1, 0);
+}
+
+static int do_exec(const char *command_line)
+{
+	struct argv_array child_env = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	const char *child_argv[] = { NULL, NULL };
+	int dirty, status;
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "Executing: %s\n", command_line);
+	child_argv[0] = command_line;
+	argv_array_pushf(&child_env, "GIT_DIR=%s", absolute_path(get_git_dir()));
+	argv_array_pushf(&child_env, "GIT_WORK_TREE=%s",
+			 absolute_path(get_git_work_tree()));
+	status = run_command_v_opt_cd_env(child_argv, RUN_USING_SHELL, NULL,
+					  child_env.argv);
+
+	/* force re-reading of the cache */
+	if (discard_cache() < 0 || read_cache() < 0)
+		return error(_("could not read index"));
+
+	dirty = require_clean_work_tree("rebase", NULL, 1, 1);
+
+	if (status) {
+		warning(_("execution failed: %s\n%s"
+			  "You can fix the problem, and then run\n"
+			  "\n"
+			  "  git rebase --continue\n"
+			  "\n"),
+			command_line,
+			dirty ? N_("and made changes to the index and/or the "
+				"working tree\n") : "");
+		if (status == 127)
+			/* command not found */
+			status = 1;
+	} else if (dirty) {
+		warning(_("execution succeeded: %s\nbut "
+			  "left changes to the index and/or the working tree\n"
+			  "Commit or stash your changes, and then run\n"
+			  "\n"
+			  "  git rebase --continue\n"
+			  "\n"), command_line);
+		status = 1;
+	}
+
+	argv_array_clear(&child_env);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+static int safe_append(const char *filename, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
+	int fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, filename,
+					   LOCK_REPORT_ON_ERROR);
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (strbuf_read_file(&buf, filename, 0) < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
+		error_errno(_("could not read '%s'"), filename);
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	strbuf_complete(&buf, '\n');
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	strbuf_vaddf(&buf, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) < 0) {
+		error_errno(_("could not write to '%s'"), filename);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (commit_lock_file(&lock) < 0) {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+		return error(_("failed to finalize '%s'"), filename);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int do_label(const char *name, int len)
+{
+	struct ref_store *refs = get_main_ref_store(the_repository);
+	struct ref_transaction *transaction;
+	struct strbuf ref_name = STRBUF_INIT, err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct object_id head_oid;
+
+	if (len == 1 && *name == '#')
+		return error(_("illegal label name: '%.*s'"), len, name);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&ref_name, "refs/rewritten/%.*s", len, name);
+	strbuf_addf(&msg, "rebase -i (label) '%.*s'", len, name);
+
+	transaction = ref_store_transaction_begin(refs, &err);
+	if (!transaction) {
+		error("%s", err.buf);
+		ret = -1;
+	} else if (get_oid("HEAD", &head_oid)) {
+		error(_("could not read HEAD"));
+		ret = -1;
+	} else if (ref_transaction_update(transaction, ref_name.buf, &head_oid,
+					  NULL, 0, msg.buf, &err) < 0 ||
+		   ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err)) {
+		error("%s", err.buf);
+		ret = -1;
+	}
+	ref_transaction_free(transaction);
+	strbuf_release(&err);
+	strbuf_release(&msg);
+
+	if (!ret)
+		ret = safe_append(rebase_path_refs_to_delete(),
+				  "%s\n", ref_name.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&ref_name);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static const char *reflog_message(struct replay_opts *opts,
+	const char *sub_action, const char *fmt, ...);
+
+static int do_reset(const char *name, int len, struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	struct strbuf ref_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct object_id oid;
+	struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
+	struct tree_desc desc;
+	struct tree *tree;
+	struct unpack_trees_options unpack_tree_opts;
+	int ret = 0, i;
+
+	if (hold_locked_index(&lock, LOCK_REPORT_ON_ERROR) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (len == 10 && !strncmp("[new root]", name, len)) {
+		if (!opts->have_squash_onto) {
+			const char *hex;
+			if (commit_tree("", 0, the_hash_algo->empty_tree,
+					NULL, &opts->squash_onto,
+					NULL, NULL))
+				return error(_("writing fake root commit"));
+			opts->have_squash_onto = 1;
+			hex = oid_to_hex(&opts->squash_onto);
+			if (write_message(hex, strlen(hex),
+					  rebase_path_squash_onto(), 0))
+				return error(_("writing squash-onto"));
+		}
+		oidcpy(&oid, &opts->squash_onto);
+	} else {
+		/* Determine the length of the label */
+		for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+			if (isspace(name[i]))
+				len = i;
+
+		strbuf_addf(&ref_name, "refs/rewritten/%.*s", len, name);
+		if (get_oid(ref_name.buf, &oid) &&
+		    get_oid(ref_name.buf + strlen("refs/rewritten/"), &oid)) {
+			error(_("could not read '%s'"), ref_name.buf);
+			rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+			strbuf_release(&ref_name);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	memset(&unpack_tree_opts, 0, sizeof(unpack_tree_opts));
+	setup_unpack_trees_porcelain(&unpack_tree_opts, "reset");
+	unpack_tree_opts.head_idx = 1;
+	unpack_tree_opts.src_index = &the_index;
+	unpack_tree_opts.dst_index = &the_index;
+	unpack_tree_opts.fn = oneway_merge;
+	unpack_tree_opts.merge = 1;
+	unpack_tree_opts.update = 1;
+
+	if (read_cache_unmerged()) {
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+		strbuf_release(&ref_name);
+		return error_resolve_conflict(_(action_name(opts)));
+	}
+
+	if (!fill_tree_descriptor(&desc, &oid)) {
+		error(_("failed to find tree of %s"), oid_to_hex(&oid));
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+		free((void *)desc.buffer);
+		strbuf_release(&ref_name);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (unpack_trees(1, &desc, &unpack_tree_opts)) {
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+		free((void *)desc.buffer);
+		strbuf_release(&ref_name);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	tree = parse_tree_indirect(&oid);
+	prime_cache_tree(&the_index, tree);
+
+	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock, COMMIT_LOCK) < 0)
+		ret = error(_("could not write index"));
+	free((void *)desc.buffer);
+
+	if (!ret)
+		ret = update_ref(reflog_message(opts, "reset", "'%.*s'",
+						len, name), "HEAD", &oid,
+				 NULL, 0, UPDATE_REFS_MSG_ON_ERR);
+
+	strbuf_release(&ref_name);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static struct commit *lookup_label(const char *label, int len,
+				   struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	struct commit *commit;
+
+	strbuf_reset(buf);
+	strbuf_addf(buf, "refs/rewritten/%.*s", len, label);
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(buf->buf);
+	if (!commit) {
+		/* fall back to non-rewritten ref or commit */
+		strbuf_splice(buf, 0, strlen("refs/rewritten/"), "", 0);
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(buf->buf);
+	}
+
+	if (!commit)
+		error(_("could not resolve '%s'"), buf->buf);
+
+	return commit;
+}
+
+static int do_merge(struct commit *commit, const char *arg, int arg_len,
+		    int flags, struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	int run_commit_flags = (flags & TODO_EDIT_MERGE_MSG) ?
+		EDIT_MSG | VERIFY_MSG : 0;
+	struct strbuf ref_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct commit *head_commit, *merge_commit, *i;
+	struct commit_list *bases, *j, *reversed = NULL;
+	struct commit_list *to_merge = NULL, **tail = &to_merge;
+	struct merge_options o;
+	int merge_arg_len, oneline_offset, can_fast_forward, ret, k;
+	static struct lock_file lock;
+	const char *p;
+
+	if (hold_locked_index(&lock, LOCK_REPORT_ON_ERROR) < 0) {
+		ret = -1;
+		goto leave_merge;
+	}
+
+	head_commit = lookup_commit_reference_by_name("HEAD");
+	if (!head_commit) {
+		ret = error(_("cannot merge without a current revision"));
+		goto leave_merge;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * For octopus merges, the arg starts with the list of revisions to be
+	 * merged. The list is optionally followed by '#' and the oneline.
+	 */
+	merge_arg_len = oneline_offset = arg_len;
+	for (p = arg; p - arg < arg_len; p += strspn(p, " \t\n")) {
+		if (!*p)
+			break;
+		if (*p == '#' && (!p[1] || isspace(p[1]))) {
+			p += 1 + strspn(p + 1, " \t\n");
+			oneline_offset = p - arg;
+			break;
+		}
+		k = strcspn(p, " \t\n");
+		if (!k)
+			continue;
+		merge_commit = lookup_label(p, k, &ref_name);
+		if (!merge_commit) {
+			ret = error(_("unable to parse '%.*s'"), k, p);
+			goto leave_merge;
+		}
+		tail = &commit_list_insert(merge_commit, tail)->next;
+		p += k;
+		merge_arg_len = p - arg;
+	}
+
+	if (!to_merge) {
+		ret = error(_("nothing to merge: '%.*s'"), arg_len, arg);
+		goto leave_merge;
+	}
+
+	if (opts->have_squash_onto &&
+	    !oidcmp(&head_commit->object.oid, &opts->squash_onto)) {
+		/*
+		 * When the user tells us to "merge" something into a
+		 * "[new root]", let's simply fast-forward to the merge head.
+		 */
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+		if (to_merge->next)
+			ret = error(_("octopus merge cannot be executed on "
+				      "top of a [new root]"));
+		else
+			ret = fast_forward_to(&to_merge->item->object.oid,
+					      &head_commit->object.oid, 0,
+					      opts);
+		goto leave_merge;
+	}
+
+	if (commit) {
+		const char *message = get_commit_buffer(commit, NULL);
+		const char *body;
+		int len;
+
+		if (!message) {
+			ret = error(_("could not get commit message of '%s'"),
+				    oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
+			goto leave_merge;
+		}
+		write_author_script(message);
+		find_commit_subject(message, &body);
+		len = strlen(body);
+		ret = write_message(body, len, git_path_merge_msg(the_repository), 0);
+		unuse_commit_buffer(commit, message);
+		if (ret) {
+			error_errno(_("could not write '%s'"),
+				    git_path_merge_msg(the_repository));
+			goto leave_merge;
+		}
+	} else {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int len;
+
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "author %s", git_author_info(0));
+		write_author_script(buf.buf);
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+
+		if (oneline_offset < arg_len) {
+			p = arg + oneline_offset;
+			len = arg_len - oneline_offset;
+		} else {
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "Merge %s '%.*s'",
+				    to_merge->next ? "branches" : "branch",
+				    merge_arg_len, arg);
+			p = buf.buf;
+			len = buf.len;
+		}
+
+		ret = write_message(p, len, git_path_merge_msg(the_repository), 0);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		if (ret) {
+			error_errno(_("could not write '%s'"),
+				    git_path_merge_msg(the_repository));
+			goto leave_merge;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If HEAD is not identical to the first parent of the original merge
+	 * commit, we cannot fast-forward.
+	 */
+	can_fast_forward = opts->allow_ff && commit && commit->parents &&
+		!oidcmp(&commit->parents->item->object.oid,
+			&head_commit->object.oid);
+
+	/*
+	 * If any merge head is different from the original one, we cannot
+	 * fast-forward.
+	 */
+	if (can_fast_forward) {
+		struct commit_list *p = commit->parents->next;
+
+		for (j = to_merge; j && p; j = j->next, p = p->next)
+			if (oidcmp(&j->item->object.oid,
+				   &p->item->object.oid)) {
+				can_fast_forward = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+		/*
+		 * If the number of merge heads differs from the original merge
+		 * commit, we cannot fast-forward.
+		 */
+		if (j || p)
+			can_fast_forward = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (can_fast_forward) {
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+		ret = fast_forward_to(&commit->object.oid,
+				      &head_commit->object.oid, 0, opts);
+		goto leave_merge;
+	}
+
+	if (to_merge->next) {
+		/* Octopus merge */
+		struct child_process cmd = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+		if (read_env_script(&cmd.env_array)) {
+			const char *gpg_opt = gpg_sign_opt_quoted(opts);
+
+			ret = error(_(staged_changes_advice), gpg_opt, gpg_opt);
+			goto leave_merge;
+		}
+
+		cmd.git_cmd = 1;
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "merge");
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "-s");
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "octopus");
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--no-edit");
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--no-ff");
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--no-log");
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--no-stat");
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "-F");
+		argv_array_push(&cmd.args, git_path_merge_msg(the_repository));
+		if (opts->gpg_sign)
+			argv_array_push(&cmd.args, opts->gpg_sign);
+
+		/* Add the tips to be merged */
+		for (j = to_merge; j; j = j->next)
+			argv_array_push(&cmd.args,
+					oid_to_hex(&j->item->object.oid));
+
+		strbuf_release(&ref_name);
+		unlink(git_path_cherry_pick_head(the_repository));
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+		ret = run_command(&cmd);
+
+		/* force re-reading of the cache */
+		if (!ret && (discard_cache() < 0 || read_cache() < 0))
+			ret = error(_("could not read index"));
+		goto leave_merge;
+	}
+
+	merge_commit = to_merge->item;
+	write_message(oid_to_hex(&merge_commit->object.oid), GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ,
+		      git_path_merge_head(the_repository), 0);
+	write_message("no-ff", 5, git_path_merge_mode(the_repository), 0);
+
+	bases = get_merge_bases(head_commit, merge_commit);
+	if (bases && !oidcmp(&merge_commit->object.oid,
+			     &bases->item->object.oid)) {
+		ret = 0;
+		/* skip merging an ancestor of HEAD */
+		goto leave_merge;
+	}
+
+	for (j = bases; j; j = j->next)
+		commit_list_insert(j->item, &reversed);
+	free_commit_list(bases);
+
+	read_cache();
+	init_merge_options(&o);
+	o.branch1 = "HEAD";
+	o.branch2 = ref_name.buf;
+	o.buffer_output = 2;
+
+	ret = merge_recursive(&o, head_commit, merge_commit, reversed, &i);
+	if (ret <= 0)
+		fputs(o.obuf.buf, stdout);
+	strbuf_release(&o.obuf);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		error(_("could not even attempt to merge '%.*s'"),
+		      merge_arg_len, arg);
+		goto leave_merge;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * The return value of merge_recursive() is 1 on clean, and 0 on
+	 * unclean merge.
+	 *
+	 * Let's reverse that, so that do_merge() returns 0 upon success and
+	 * 1 upon failed merge (keeping the return value -1 for the cases where
+	 * we will want to reschedule the `merge` command).
+	 */
+	ret = !ret;
+
+	if (active_cache_changed &&
+	    write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock, COMMIT_LOCK)) {
+		ret = error(_("merge: Unable to write new index file"));
+		goto leave_merge;
+	}
+
+	rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+	if (ret)
+		rerere(opts->allow_rerere_auto);
+	else
+		/*
+		 * In case of problems, we now want to return a positive
+		 * value (a negative one would indicate that the `merge`
+		 * command needs to be rescheduled).
+		 */
+		ret = !!run_git_commit(git_path_merge_msg(the_repository), opts,
+				     run_commit_flags);
+
+leave_merge:
+	strbuf_release(&ref_name);
+	rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+	free_commit_list(to_merge);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int is_final_fixup(struct todo_list *todo_list)
+{
+	int i = todo_list->current;
+
+	if (!is_fixup(todo_list->items[i].command))
+		return 0;
+
+	while (++i < todo_list->nr)
+		if (is_fixup(todo_list->items[i].command))
+			return 0;
+		else if (!is_noop(todo_list->items[i].command))
+			break;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static enum todo_command peek_command(struct todo_list *todo_list, int offset)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = todo_list->current + offset; i < todo_list->nr; i++)
+		if (!is_noop(todo_list->items[i].command))
+			return todo_list->items[i].command;
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int apply_autostash(struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	struct strbuf stash_sha1 = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct child_process child = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (!read_oneliner(&stash_sha1, rebase_path_autostash(), 1)) {
+		strbuf_release(&stash_sha1);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	strbuf_trim(&stash_sha1);
+
+	child.git_cmd = 1;
+	child.no_stdout = 1;
+	child.no_stderr = 1;
+	argv_array_push(&child.args, "stash");
+	argv_array_push(&child.args, "apply");
+	argv_array_push(&child.args, stash_sha1.buf);
+	if (!run_command(&child))
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Applied autostash.\n"));
+	else {
+		struct child_process store = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+		store.git_cmd = 1;
+		argv_array_push(&store.args, "stash");
+		argv_array_push(&store.args, "store");
+		argv_array_push(&store.args, "-m");
+		argv_array_push(&store.args, "autostash");
+		argv_array_push(&store.args, "-q");
+		argv_array_push(&store.args, stash_sha1.buf);
+		if (run_command(&store))
+			ret = error(_("cannot store %s"), stash_sha1.buf);
+		else
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				_("Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.\n"
+				  "Your changes are safe in the stash.\n"
+				  "You can run \"git stash pop\" or"
+				  " \"git stash drop\" at any time.\n"));
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&stash_sha1);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static const char *reflog_message(struct replay_opts *opts,
+	const char *sub_action, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, action_name(opts));
+	if (sub_action)
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, " (%s)", sub_action);
+	if (fmt) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, ": ");
+		strbuf_vaddf(&buf, fmt, ap);
+	}
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	return buf.buf;
+}
+
+static const char rescheduled_advice[] =
+N_("Could not execute the todo command\n"
+"\n"
+"    %.*s"
+"\n"
+"It has been rescheduled; To edit the command before continuing, please\n"
+"edit the todo list first:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git rebase --edit-todo\n"
+"    git rebase --continue\n");
+
+static int pick_commits(struct todo_list *todo_list, struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	int res = 0, reschedule = 0;
 
 	setenv(GIT_REFLOG_ACTION, action_name(opts), 0);
 	if (opts->allow_ff)
 		assert(!(opts->signoff || opts->no_commit ||
 				opts->record_origin || opts->edit));
-	read_and_refresh_cache(opts);
+	if (read_and_refresh_cache(opts))
+		return -1;
+
+	while (todo_list->current < todo_list->nr) {
+		struct todo_item *item = todo_list->items + todo_list->current;
+		if (save_todo(todo_list, opts))
+			return -1;
+		if (is_rebase_i(opts)) {
+			if (item->command != TODO_COMMENT) {
+				FILE *f = fopen(rebase_path_msgnum(), "w");
+
+				todo_list->done_nr++;
+
+				if (f) {
+					fprintf(f, "%d\n", todo_list->done_nr);
+					fclose(f);
+				}
+				fprintf(stderr, "Rebasing (%d/%d)%s",
+					todo_list->done_nr,
+					todo_list->total_nr,
+					opts->verbose ? "\n" : "\r");
+			}
+			unlink(rebase_path_message());
+			unlink(rebase_path_author_script());
+			unlink(rebase_path_stopped_sha());
+			unlink(rebase_path_amend());
+			delete_ref(NULL, "REBASE_HEAD", NULL, REF_NO_DEREF);
+		}
+		if (item->command <= TODO_SQUASH) {
+			if (is_rebase_i(opts))
+				setenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION", reflog_message(opts,
+					command_to_string(item->command), NULL),
+					1);
+			res = do_pick_commit(item->command, item->commit,
+					opts, is_final_fixup(todo_list));
+			if (is_rebase_i(opts) && res < 0) {
+				/* Reschedule */
+				advise(_(rescheduled_advice),
+				       get_item_line_length(todo_list,
+							    todo_list->current),
+				       get_item_line(todo_list,
+						     todo_list->current));
+				todo_list->current--;
+				if (save_todo(todo_list, opts))
+					return -1;
+			}
+			if (item->command == TODO_EDIT) {
+				struct commit *commit = item->commit;
+				if (!res)
+					fprintf(stderr,
+						_("Stopped at %s...  %.*s\n"),
+						short_commit_name(commit),
+						item->arg_len, item->arg);
+				return error_with_patch(commit,
+					item->arg, item->arg_len, opts, res,
+					!res);
+			}
+			if (is_rebase_i(opts) && !res)
+				record_in_rewritten(&item->commit->object.oid,
+					peek_command(todo_list, 1));
+			if (res && is_fixup(item->command)) {
+				if (res == 1)
+					intend_to_amend();
+				return error_failed_squash(item->commit, opts,
+					item->arg_len, item->arg);
+			} else if (res && is_rebase_i(opts) && item->commit) {
+				int to_amend = 0;
+				struct object_id oid;
+
+				/*
+				 * If we are rewording and have either
+				 * fast-forwarded already, or are about to
+				 * create a new root commit, we want to amend,
+				 * otherwise we do not.
+				 */
+				if (item->command == TODO_REWORD &&
+				    !get_oid("HEAD", &oid) &&
+				    (!oidcmp(&item->commit->object.oid, &oid) ||
+				     (opts->have_squash_onto &&
+				      !oidcmp(&opts->squash_onto, &oid))))
+					to_amend = 1;
+
+				return res | error_with_patch(item->commit,
+						item->arg, item->arg_len, opts,
+						res, to_amend);
+			}
+		} else if (item->command == TODO_EXEC) {
+			char *end_of_arg = (char *)(item->arg + item->arg_len);
+			int saved = *end_of_arg;
+			struct stat st;
+
+			*end_of_arg = '\0';
+			res = do_exec(item->arg);
+			*end_of_arg = saved;
+
+			/* Reread the todo file if it has changed. */
+			if (res)
+				; /* fall through */
+			else if (stat(get_todo_path(opts), &st))
+				res = error_errno(_("could not stat '%s'"),
+						  get_todo_path(opts));
+			else if (match_stat_data(&todo_list->stat, &st)) {
+				todo_list_release(todo_list);
+				if (read_populate_todo(todo_list, opts))
+					res = -1; /* message was printed */
+				/* `current` will be incremented below */
+				todo_list->current = -1;
+			}
+		} else if (item->command == TODO_LABEL) {
+			if ((res = do_label(item->arg, item->arg_len)))
+				reschedule = 1;
+		} else if (item->command == TODO_RESET) {
+			if ((res = do_reset(item->arg, item->arg_len, opts)))
+				reschedule = 1;
+		} else if (item->command == TODO_MERGE) {
+			if ((res = do_merge(item->commit,
+					    item->arg, item->arg_len,
+					    item->flags, opts)) < 0)
+				reschedule = 1;
+			else if (item->commit)
+				record_in_rewritten(&item->commit->object.oid,
+						    peek_command(todo_list, 1));
+			if (res > 0)
+				/* failed with merge conflicts */
+				return error_with_patch(item->commit,
+							item->arg,
+							item->arg_len, opts,
+							res, 0);
+		} else if (!is_noop(item->command))
+			return error(_("unknown command %d"), item->command);
+
+		if (reschedule) {
+			advise(_(rescheduled_advice),
+			       get_item_line_length(todo_list,
+						    todo_list->current),
+			       get_item_line(todo_list, todo_list->current));
+			todo_list->current--;
+			if (save_todo(todo_list, opts))
+				return -1;
+			if (item->commit)
+				return error_with_patch(item->commit,
+							item->arg,
+							item->arg_len, opts,
+							res, 0);
+		}
 
-	for (cur = todo_list; cur; cur = cur->next) {
-		save_todo(cur, opts);
-		res = do_pick_commit(cur->item, opts);
+		todo_list->current++;
 		if (res)
 			return res;
 	}
 
+	if (is_rebase_i(opts)) {
+		struct strbuf head_ref = STRBUF_INIT, buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct stat st;
+
+		/* Stopped in the middle, as planned? */
+		if (todo_list->current < todo_list->nr)
+			return 0;
+
+		if (read_oneliner(&head_ref, rebase_path_head_name(), 0) &&
+				starts_with(head_ref.buf, "refs/")) {
+			const char *msg;
+			struct object_id head, orig;
+			int res;
+
+			if (get_oid("HEAD", &head)) {
+				res = error(_("cannot read HEAD"));
+cleanup_head_ref:
+				strbuf_release(&head_ref);
+				strbuf_release(&buf);
+				return res;
+			}
+			if (!read_oneliner(&buf, rebase_path_orig_head(), 0) ||
+					get_oid_hex(buf.buf, &orig)) {
+				res = error(_("could not read orig-head"));
+				goto cleanup_head_ref;
+			}
+			strbuf_reset(&buf);
+			if (!read_oneliner(&buf, rebase_path_onto(), 0)) {
+				res = error(_("could not read 'onto'"));
+				goto cleanup_head_ref;
+			}
+			msg = reflog_message(opts, "finish", "%s onto %s",
+				head_ref.buf, buf.buf);
+			if (update_ref(msg, head_ref.buf, &head, &orig,
+				       REF_NO_DEREF, UPDATE_REFS_MSG_ON_ERR)) {
+				res = error(_("could not update %s"),
+					head_ref.buf);
+				goto cleanup_head_ref;
+			}
+			msg = reflog_message(opts, "finish", "returning to %s",
+				head_ref.buf);
+			if (create_symref("HEAD", head_ref.buf, msg)) {
+				res = error(_("could not update HEAD to %s"),
+					head_ref.buf);
+				goto cleanup_head_ref;
+			}
+			strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		}
+
+		if (opts->verbose) {
+			struct rev_info log_tree_opt;
+			struct object_id orig, head;
+
+			memset(&log_tree_opt, 0, sizeof(log_tree_opt));
+			init_revisions(&log_tree_opt, NULL);
+			log_tree_opt.diff = 1;
+			log_tree_opt.diffopt.output_format =
+				DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT;
+			log_tree_opt.disable_stdin = 1;
+
+			if (read_oneliner(&buf, rebase_path_orig_head(), 0) &&
+			    !get_oid(buf.buf, &orig) &&
+			    !get_oid("HEAD", &head)) {
+				diff_tree_oid(&orig, &head, "",
+					      &log_tree_opt.diffopt);
+				log_tree_diff_flush(&log_tree_opt);
+			}
+		}
+		flush_rewritten_pending();
+		if (!stat(rebase_path_rewritten_list(), &st) &&
+				st.st_size > 0) {
+			struct child_process child = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+			const char *post_rewrite_hook =
+				find_hook("post-rewrite");
+
+			child.in = open(rebase_path_rewritten_list(), O_RDONLY);
+			child.git_cmd = 1;
+			argv_array_push(&child.args, "notes");
+			argv_array_push(&child.args, "copy");
+			argv_array_push(&child.args, "--for-rewrite=rebase");
+			/* we don't care if this copying failed */
+			run_command(&child);
+
+			if (post_rewrite_hook) {
+				struct child_process hook = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+				hook.in = open(rebase_path_rewritten_list(),
+					O_RDONLY);
+				hook.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+				argv_array_push(&hook.args, post_rewrite_hook);
+				argv_array_push(&hook.args, "rebase");
+				/* we don't care if this hook failed */
+				run_command(&hook);
+			}
+		}
+		apply_autostash(opts);
+
+		fprintf(stderr, "Successfully rebased and updated %s.\n",
+			head_ref.buf);
+
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		strbuf_release(&head_ref);
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * Sequence of picks finished successfully; cleanup by
 	 * removing the .git/sequencer directory
 	 */
-	remove_sequencer_state();
-	return 0;
+	return sequencer_remove_state(opts);
 }
 
 static int continue_single_pick(void)
 {
 	const char *argv[] = { "commit", NULL };
 
-	if (!file_exists(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD")) &&
-	    !file_exists(git_path("REVERT_HEAD")))
+	if (!file_exists(git_path_cherry_pick_head(the_repository)) &&
+	    !file_exists(git_path_revert_head(the_repository)))
 		return error(_("no cherry-pick or revert in progress"));
 	return run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD);
 }
 
-static int sequencer_continue(struct replay_opts *opts)
+static int commit_staged_changes(struct replay_opts *opts,
+				 struct todo_list *todo_list)
+{
+	unsigned int flags = ALLOW_EMPTY | EDIT_MSG;
+	unsigned int final_fixup = 0, is_clean;
+
+	if (has_unstaged_changes(1))
+		return error(_("cannot rebase: You have unstaged changes."));
+
+	is_clean = !has_uncommitted_changes(0);
+
+	if (file_exists(rebase_path_amend())) {
+		struct strbuf rev = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct object_id head, to_amend;
+
+		if (get_oid("HEAD", &head))
+			return error(_("cannot amend non-existing commit"));
+		if (!read_oneliner(&rev, rebase_path_amend(), 0))
+			return error(_("invalid file: '%s'"), rebase_path_amend());
+		if (get_oid_hex(rev.buf, &to_amend))
+			return error(_("invalid contents: '%s'"),
+				rebase_path_amend());
+		if (!is_clean && oidcmp(&head, &to_amend))
+			return error(_("\nYou have uncommitted changes in your "
+				       "working tree. Please, commit them\n"
+				       "first and then run 'git rebase "
+				       "--continue' again."));
+		/*
+		 * When skipping a failed fixup/squash, we need to edit the
+		 * commit message, the current fixup list and count, and if it
+		 * was the last fixup/squash in the chain, we need to clean up
+		 * the commit message and if there was a squash, let the user
+		 * edit it.
+		 */
+		if (is_clean && !oidcmp(&head, &to_amend) &&
+		    opts->current_fixup_count > 0 &&
+		    file_exists(rebase_path_stopped_sha())) {
+			const char *p = opts->current_fixups.buf;
+			int len = opts->current_fixups.len;
+
+			opts->current_fixup_count--;
+			if (!len)
+				BUG("Incorrect current_fixups:\n%s", p);
+			while (len && p[len - 1] != '\n')
+				len--;
+			strbuf_setlen(&opts->current_fixups, len);
+			if (write_message(p, len, rebase_path_current_fixups(),
+					  0) < 0)
+				return error(_("could not write file: '%s'"),
+					     rebase_path_current_fixups());
+
+			/*
+			 * If a fixup/squash in a fixup/squash chain failed, the
+			 * commit message is already correct, no need to commit
+			 * it again.
+			 *
+			 * Only if it is the final command in the fixup/squash
+			 * chain, and only if the chain is longer than a single
+			 * fixup/squash command (which was just skipped), do we
+			 * actually need to re-commit with a cleaned up commit
+			 * message.
+			 */
+			if (opts->current_fixup_count > 0 &&
+			    !is_fixup(peek_command(todo_list, 0))) {
+				final_fixup = 1;
+				/*
+				 * If there was not a single "squash" in the
+				 * chain, we only need to clean up the commit
+				 * message, no need to bother the user with
+				 * opening the commit message in the editor.
+				 */
+				if (!starts_with(p, "squash ") &&
+				    !strstr(p, "\nsquash "))
+					flags = (flags & ~EDIT_MSG) | CLEANUP_MSG;
+			} else if (is_fixup(peek_command(todo_list, 0))) {
+				/*
+				 * We need to update the squash message to skip
+				 * the latest commit message.
+				 */
+				struct commit *commit;
+				const char *path = rebase_path_squash_msg();
+
+				if (parse_head(&commit) ||
+				    !(p = get_commit_buffer(commit, NULL)) ||
+				    write_message(p, strlen(p), path, 0)) {
+					unuse_commit_buffer(commit, p);
+					return error(_("could not write file: "
+						       "'%s'"), path);
+				}
+				unuse_commit_buffer(commit, p);
+			}
+		}
+
+		strbuf_release(&rev);
+		flags |= AMEND_MSG;
+	}
+
+	if (is_clean) {
+		const char *cherry_pick_head = git_path_cherry_pick_head(the_repository);
+
+		if (file_exists(cherry_pick_head) && unlink(cherry_pick_head))
+			return error(_("could not remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
+		if (!final_fixup)
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (run_git_commit(final_fixup ? NULL : rebase_path_message(),
+			   opts, flags))
+		return error(_("could not commit staged changes."));
+	unlink(rebase_path_amend());
+	if (final_fixup) {
+		unlink(rebase_path_fixup_msg());
+		unlink(rebase_path_squash_msg());
+	}
+	if (opts->current_fixup_count > 0) {
+		/*
+		 * Whether final fixup or not, we just cleaned up the commit
+		 * message...
+		 */
+		unlink(rebase_path_current_fixups());
+		strbuf_reset(&opts->current_fixups);
+		opts->current_fixup_count = 0;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int sequencer_continue(struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
-	struct commit_list *todo_list = NULL;
+	struct todo_list todo_list = TODO_LIST_INIT;
+	int res;
 
-	if (!file_exists(git_path(SEQ_TODO_FILE)))
+	if (read_and_refresh_cache(opts))
+		return -1;
+
+	if (read_populate_opts(opts))
+		return -1;
+	if (is_rebase_i(opts)) {
+		if ((res = read_populate_todo(&todo_list, opts)))
+			goto release_todo_list;
+		if (commit_staged_changes(opts, &todo_list))
+			return -1;
+	} else if (!file_exists(get_todo_path(opts)))
 		return continue_single_pick();
-	read_populate_opts(&opts);
-	read_populate_todo(&todo_list, opts);
+	else if ((res = read_populate_todo(&todo_list, opts)))
+		goto release_todo_list;
+
+	if (!is_rebase_i(opts)) {
+		/* Verify that the conflict has been resolved */
+		if (file_exists(git_path_cherry_pick_head(the_repository)) ||
+		    file_exists(git_path_revert_head(the_repository))) {
+			res = continue_single_pick();
+			if (res)
+				goto release_todo_list;
+		}
+		if (index_differs_from("HEAD", NULL, 0)) {
+			res = error_dirty_index(opts);
+			goto release_todo_list;
+		}
+		todo_list.current++;
+	} else if (file_exists(rebase_path_stopped_sha())) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct object_id oid;
 
-	/* Verify that the conflict has been resolved */
-	if (file_exists(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD")) ||
-	    file_exists(git_path("REVERT_HEAD"))) {
-		int ret = continue_single_pick();
-		if (ret)
-			return ret;
+		if (read_oneliner(&buf, rebase_path_stopped_sha(), 1) &&
+		    !get_oid_committish(buf.buf, &oid))
+			record_in_rewritten(&oid, peek_command(&todo_list, 0));
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	}
-	if (index_differs_from("HEAD", 0))
-		return error_dirty_index(opts);
-	todo_list = todo_list->next;
-	return pick_commits(todo_list, opts);
+
+	res = pick_commits(&todo_list, opts);
+release_todo_list:
+	todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+	return res;
 }
 
 static int single_pick(struct commit *cmit, struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
 	setenv(GIT_REFLOG_ACTION, action_name(opts), 0);
-	return do_pick_commit(cmit, opts);
+	return do_pick_commit(opts->action == REPLAY_PICK ?
+		TODO_PICK : TODO_REVERT, cmit, opts, 0);
 }
 
 int sequencer_pick_revisions(struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
-	struct commit_list *todo_list = NULL;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int i;
+	struct todo_list todo_list = TODO_LIST_INIT;
+	struct object_id oid;
+	int i, res;
 
-	if (opts->subcommand == REPLAY_NONE)
-		assert(opts->revs);
-
-	read_and_refresh_cache(opts);
-
-	/*
-	 * Decide what to do depending on the arguments; a fresh
-	 * cherry-pick should be handled differently from an existing
-	 * one that is being continued
-	 */
-	if (opts->subcommand == REPLAY_REMOVE_STATE) {
-		remove_sequencer_state();
-		return 0;
-	}
-	if (opts->subcommand == REPLAY_ROLLBACK)
-		return sequencer_rollback(opts);
-	if (opts->subcommand == REPLAY_CONTINUE)
-		return sequencer_continue(opts);
+	assert(opts->revs);
+	if (read_and_refresh_cache(opts))
+		return -1;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < opts->revs->pending.nr; i++) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 		const char *name = opts->revs->pending.objects[i].name;
 
 		/* This happens when using --stdin. */
 		if (!strlen(name))
 			continue;
 
-		if (!get_sha1(name, sha1)) {
-			if (!lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1)) {
-				enum object_type type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
-				die(_("%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"), name, typename(type));
+		if (!get_oid(name, &oid)) {
+			if (!lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, &oid, 1)) {
+				enum object_type type = oid_object_info(the_repository,
+									&oid,
+									NULL);
+				return error(_("%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"),
+					name, type_name(type));
 			}
 		} else
-			die(_("%s: bad revision"), name);
+			return error(_("%s: bad revision"), name);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -1102,10 +3769,12 @@ int sequencer_pick_revisions(struct replay_opts *opts)
 	    !opts->revs->cmdline.rev->flags) {
 		struct commit *cmit;
 		if (prepare_revision_walk(opts->revs))
-			die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
+			return error(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 		cmit = get_revision(opts->revs);
-		if (!cmit || get_revision(opts->revs))
-			die("BUG: expected exactly one commit from walk");
+		if (!cmit)
+			return error(_("empty commit set passed"));
+		if (get_revision(opts->revs))
+			BUG("unexpected extra commit from walk");
 		return single_pick(cmit, opts);
 	}
 
@@ -1115,17 +3784,19 @@ int sequencer_pick_revisions(struct replay_opts *opts)
 	 * progress
 	 */
 
-	walk_revs_populate_todo(&todo_list, opts);
-	if (create_seq_dir() < 0)
+	if (walk_revs_populate_todo(&todo_list, opts) ||
+			create_seq_dir() < 0)
 		return -1;
-	if (get_sha1("HEAD", sha1)) {
-		if (opts->action == REPLAY_REVERT)
-			return error(_("Can't revert as initial commit"));
-		return error(_("Can't cherry-pick into empty head"));
-	}
-	save_head(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	save_opts(opts);
-	return pick_commits(todo_list, opts);
+	if (get_oid("HEAD", &oid) && (opts->action == REPLAY_REVERT))
+		return error(_("can't revert as initial commit"));
+	if (save_head(oid_to_hex(&oid)))
+		return -1;
+	if (save_opts(opts))
+		return -1;
+	update_abort_safety_file();
+	res = pick_commits(&todo_list, opts);
+	todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+	return res;
 }
 
 void append_signoff(struct strbuf *msgbuf, int ignore_footer, unsigned flag)
@@ -1139,6 +3810,9 @@ void append_signoff(struct strbuf *msgbuf, int ignore_footer, unsigned flag)
 				getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL")));
 	strbuf_addch(&sob, '\n');
 
+	if (!ignore_footer)
+		strbuf_complete_line(msgbuf);
+
 	/*
 	 * If the whole message buffer is equal to the sob, pretend that we
 	 * found a conforming footer with a matching sob
@@ -1159,13 +3833,6 @@ void append_signoff(struct strbuf *msgbuf, int ignore_footer, unsigned flag)
 			 * the title and body to be filled in by the user.
 			 */
 			append_newlines = "\n\n";
-		} else if (msgbuf->buf[len - 1] != '\n') {
-			/*
-			 * Incomplete line.  Complete the line and add a
-			 * blank one so that there is an empty line between
-			 * the message body and the sob.
-			 */
-			append_newlines = "\n\n";
 		} else if (len == 1) {
 			/*
 			 * Buffer contains a single newline.  Add another
@@ -1192,3 +3859,913 @@ void append_signoff(struct strbuf *msgbuf, int ignore_footer, unsigned flag)
 
 	strbuf_release(&sob);
 }
+
+struct labels_entry {
+	struct hashmap_entry entry;
+	char label[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+
+static int labels_cmp(const void *fndata, const struct labels_entry *a,
+		      const struct labels_entry *b, const void *key)
+{
+	return key ? strcmp(a->label, key) : strcmp(a->label, b->label);
+}
+
+struct string_entry {
+	struct oidmap_entry entry;
+	char string[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+
+struct label_state {
+	struct oidmap commit2label;
+	struct hashmap labels;
+	struct strbuf buf;
+};
+
+static const char *label_oid(struct object_id *oid, const char *label,
+			     struct label_state *state)
+{
+	struct labels_entry *labels_entry;
+	struct string_entry *string_entry;
+	struct object_id dummy;
+	size_t len;
+	int i;
+
+	string_entry = oidmap_get(&state->commit2label, oid);
+	if (string_entry)
+		return string_entry->string;
+
+	/*
+	 * For "uninteresting" commits, i.e. commits that are not to be
+	 * rebased, and which can therefore not be labeled, we use a unique
+	 * abbreviation of the commit name. This is slightly more complicated
+	 * than calling find_unique_abbrev() because we also need to make
+	 * sure that the abbreviation does not conflict with any other
+	 * label.
+	 *
+	 * We disallow "interesting" commits to be labeled by a string that
+	 * is a valid full-length hash, to ensure that we always can find an
+	 * abbreviation for any uninteresting commit's names that does not
+	 * clash with any other label.
+	 */
+	if (!label) {
+		char *p;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&state->buf);
+		strbuf_grow(&state->buf, GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ);
+		label = p = state->buf.buf;
+
+		find_unique_abbrev_r(p, oid, default_abbrev);
+
+		/*
+		 * We may need to extend the abbreviated hash so that there is
+		 * no conflicting label.
+		 */
+		if (hashmap_get_from_hash(&state->labels, strihash(p), p)) {
+			size_t i = strlen(p) + 1;
+
+			oid_to_hex_r(p, oid);
+			for (; i < GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ; i++) {
+				char save = p[i];
+				p[i] = '\0';
+				if (!hashmap_get_from_hash(&state->labels,
+							   strihash(p), p))
+					break;
+				p[i] = save;
+			}
+		}
+	} else if (((len = strlen(label)) == the_hash_algo->hexsz &&
+		    !get_oid_hex(label, &dummy)) ||
+		   (len == 1 && *label == '#') ||
+		   hashmap_get_from_hash(&state->labels,
+					 strihash(label), label)) {
+		/*
+		 * If the label already exists, or if the label is a valid full
+		 * OID, or the label is a '#' (which we use as a separator
+		 * between merge heads and oneline), we append a dash and a
+		 * number to make it unique.
+		 */
+		struct strbuf *buf = &state->buf;
+
+		strbuf_reset(buf);
+		strbuf_add(buf, label, len);
+
+		for (i = 2; ; i++) {
+			strbuf_setlen(buf, len);
+			strbuf_addf(buf, "-%d", i);
+			if (!hashmap_get_from_hash(&state->labels,
+						   strihash(buf->buf),
+						   buf->buf))
+				break;
+		}
+
+		label = buf->buf;
+	}
+
+	FLEX_ALLOC_STR(labels_entry, label, label);
+	hashmap_entry_init(labels_entry, strihash(label));
+	hashmap_add(&state->labels, labels_entry);
+
+	FLEX_ALLOC_STR(string_entry, string, label);
+	oidcpy(&string_entry->entry.oid, oid);
+	oidmap_put(&state->commit2label, string_entry);
+
+	return string_entry->string;
+}
+
+static int make_script_with_merges(struct pretty_print_context *pp,
+				   struct rev_info *revs, FILE *out,
+				   unsigned flags)
+{
+	int keep_empty = flags & TODO_LIST_KEEP_EMPTY;
+	int rebase_cousins = flags & TODO_LIST_REBASE_COUSINS;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, oneline = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf label = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct commit_list *commits = NULL, **tail = &commits, *iter;
+	struct commit_list *tips = NULL, **tips_tail = &tips;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	struct oidmap commit2todo = OIDMAP_INIT;
+	struct string_entry *entry;
+	struct oidset interesting = OIDSET_INIT, child_seen = OIDSET_INIT,
+		shown = OIDSET_INIT;
+	struct label_state state = { OIDMAP_INIT, { NULL }, STRBUF_INIT };
+
+	int abbr = flags & TODO_LIST_ABBREVIATE_CMDS;
+	const char *cmd_pick = abbr ? "p" : "pick",
+		*cmd_label = abbr ? "l" : "label",
+		*cmd_reset = abbr ? "t" : "reset",
+		*cmd_merge = abbr ? "m" : "merge";
+
+	oidmap_init(&commit2todo, 0);
+	oidmap_init(&state.commit2label, 0);
+	hashmap_init(&state.labels, (hashmap_cmp_fn) labels_cmp, NULL, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&state.buf, 32);
+
+	if (revs->cmdline.nr && (revs->cmdline.rev[0].flags & BOTTOM)) {
+		struct object_id *oid = &revs->cmdline.rev[0].item->oid;
+		FLEX_ALLOC_STR(entry, string, "onto");
+		oidcpy(&entry->entry.oid, oid);
+		oidmap_put(&state.commit2label, entry);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * First phase:
+	 * - get onelines for all commits
+	 * - gather all branch tips (i.e. 2nd or later parents of merges)
+	 * - label all branch tips
+	 */
+	while ((commit = get_revision(revs))) {
+		struct commit_list *to_merge;
+		const char *p1, *p2;
+		struct object_id *oid;
+		int is_empty;
+
+		tail = &commit_list_insert(commit, tail)->next;
+		oidset_insert(&interesting, &commit->object.oid);
+
+		is_empty = is_original_commit_empty(commit);
+		if (!is_empty && (commit->object.flags & PATCHSAME))
+			continue;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&oneline);
+		pretty_print_commit(pp, commit, &oneline);
+
+		to_merge = commit->parents ? commit->parents->next : NULL;
+		if (!to_merge) {
+			/* non-merge commit: easy case */
+			strbuf_reset(&buf);
+			if (!keep_empty && is_empty)
+				strbuf_addf(&buf, "%c ", comment_line_char);
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s %s %s", cmd_pick,
+				    oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid),
+				    oneline.buf);
+
+			FLEX_ALLOC_STR(entry, string, buf.buf);
+			oidcpy(&entry->entry.oid, &commit->object.oid);
+			oidmap_put(&commit2todo, entry);
+
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* Create a label */
+		strbuf_reset(&label);
+		if (skip_prefix(oneline.buf, "Merge ", &p1) &&
+		    (p1 = strchr(p1, '\'')) &&
+		    (p2 = strchr(++p1, '\'')))
+			strbuf_add(&label, p1, p2 - p1);
+		else if (skip_prefix(oneline.buf, "Merge pull request ",
+				     &p1) &&
+			 (p1 = strstr(p1, " from ")))
+			strbuf_addstr(&label, p1 + strlen(" from "));
+		else
+			strbuf_addbuf(&label, &oneline);
+
+		for (p1 = label.buf; *p1; p1++)
+			if (isspace(*p1))
+				*(char *)p1 = '-';
+
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s -C %s",
+			    cmd_merge, oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
+
+		/* label the tips of merged branches */
+		for (; to_merge; to_merge = to_merge->next) {
+			oid = &to_merge->item->object.oid;
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, ' ');
+
+			if (!oidset_contains(&interesting, oid)) {
+				strbuf_addstr(&buf, label_oid(oid, NULL,
+							      &state));
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			tips_tail = &commit_list_insert(to_merge->item,
+							tips_tail)->next;
+
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, label_oid(oid, label.buf, &state));
+		}
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, " # %s", oneline.buf);
+
+		FLEX_ALLOC_STR(entry, string, buf.buf);
+		oidcpy(&entry->entry.oid, &commit->object.oid);
+		oidmap_put(&commit2todo, entry);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Second phase:
+	 * - label branch points
+	 * - add HEAD to the branch tips
+	 */
+	for (iter = commits; iter; iter = iter->next) {
+		struct commit_list *parent = iter->item->parents;
+		for (; parent; parent = parent->next) {
+			struct object_id *oid = &parent->item->object.oid;
+			if (!oidset_contains(&interesting, oid))
+				continue;
+			if (!oidset_contains(&child_seen, oid))
+				oidset_insert(&child_seen, oid);
+			else
+				label_oid(oid, "branch-point", &state);
+		}
+
+		/* Add HEAD as implict "tip of branch" */
+		if (!iter->next)
+			tips_tail = &commit_list_insert(iter->item,
+							tips_tail)->next;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Third phase: output the todo list. This is a bit tricky, as we
+	 * want to avoid jumping back and forth between revisions. To
+	 * accomplish that goal, we walk backwards from the branch tips,
+	 * gathering commits not yet shown, reversing the list on the fly,
+	 * then outputting that list (labeling revisions as needed).
+	 */
+	fprintf(out, "%s onto\n", cmd_label);
+	for (iter = tips; iter; iter = iter->next) {
+		struct commit_list *list = NULL, *iter2;
+
+		commit = iter->item;
+		if (oidset_contains(&shown, &commit->object.oid))
+			continue;
+		entry = oidmap_get(&state.commit2label, &commit->object.oid);
+
+		if (entry)
+			fprintf(out, "\n%c Branch %s\n", comment_line_char, entry->string);
+		else
+			fprintf(out, "\n");
+
+		while (oidset_contains(&interesting, &commit->object.oid) &&
+		       !oidset_contains(&shown, &commit->object.oid)) {
+			commit_list_insert(commit, &list);
+			if (!commit->parents) {
+				commit = NULL;
+				break;
+			}
+			commit = commit->parents->item;
+		}
+
+		if (!commit)
+			fprintf(out, "%s %s\n", cmd_reset,
+				rebase_cousins ? "onto" : "[new root]");
+		else {
+			const char *to = NULL;
+
+			entry = oidmap_get(&state.commit2label,
+					   &commit->object.oid);
+			if (entry)
+				to = entry->string;
+			else if (!rebase_cousins)
+				to = label_oid(&commit->object.oid, NULL,
+					       &state);
+
+			if (!to || !strcmp(to, "onto"))
+				fprintf(out, "%s onto\n", cmd_reset);
+			else {
+				strbuf_reset(&oneline);
+				pretty_print_commit(pp, commit, &oneline);
+				fprintf(out, "%s %s # %s\n",
+					cmd_reset, to, oneline.buf);
+			}
+		}
+
+		for (iter2 = list; iter2; iter2 = iter2->next) {
+			struct object_id *oid = &iter2->item->object.oid;
+			entry = oidmap_get(&commit2todo, oid);
+			/* only show if not already upstream */
+			if (entry)
+				fprintf(out, "%s\n", entry->string);
+			entry = oidmap_get(&state.commit2label, oid);
+			if (entry)
+				fprintf(out, "%s %s\n",
+					cmd_label, entry->string);
+			oidset_insert(&shown, oid);
+		}
+
+		free_commit_list(list);
+	}
+
+	free_commit_list(commits);
+	free_commit_list(tips);
+
+	strbuf_release(&label);
+	strbuf_release(&oneline);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	oidmap_free(&commit2todo, 1);
+	oidmap_free(&state.commit2label, 1);
+	hashmap_free(&state.labels, 1);
+	strbuf_release(&state.buf);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int sequencer_make_script(FILE *out, int argc, const char **argv,
+			  unsigned flags)
+{
+	char *format = NULL;
+	struct pretty_print_context pp = {0};
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	int keep_empty = flags & TODO_LIST_KEEP_EMPTY;
+	const char *insn = flags & TODO_LIST_ABBREVIATE_CMDS ? "p" : "pick";
+	int rebase_merges = flags & TODO_LIST_REBASE_MERGES;
+
+	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
+	revs.verbose_header = 1;
+	if (!rebase_merges)
+		revs.max_parents = 1;
+	revs.cherry_mark = 1;
+	revs.limited = 1;
+	revs.reverse = 1;
+	revs.right_only = 1;
+	revs.sort_order = REV_SORT_IN_GRAPH_ORDER;
+	revs.topo_order = 1;
+
+	revs.pretty_given = 1;
+	git_config_get_string("rebase.instructionFormat", &format);
+	if (!format || !*format) {
+		free(format);
+		format = xstrdup("%s");
+	}
+	get_commit_format(format, &revs);
+	free(format);
+	pp.fmt = revs.commit_format;
+	pp.output_encoding = get_log_output_encoding();
+
+	if (setup_revisions(argc, argv, &revs, NULL) > 1)
+		return error(_("make_script: unhandled options"));
+
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs) < 0)
+		return error(_("make_script: error preparing revisions"));
+
+	if (rebase_merges)
+		return make_script_with_merges(&pp, &revs, out, flags);
+
+	while ((commit = get_revision(&revs))) {
+		int is_empty  = is_original_commit_empty(commit);
+
+		if (!is_empty && (commit->object.flags & PATCHSAME))
+			continue;
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		if (!keep_empty && is_empty)
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "%c ", comment_line_char);
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s %s ", insn,
+			    oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
+		pretty_print_commit(&pp, commit, &buf);
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+		fputs(buf.buf, out);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Add commands after pick and (series of) squash/fixup commands
+ * in the todo list.
+ */
+int sequencer_add_exec_commands(const char *commands)
+{
+	const char *todo_file = rebase_path_todo();
+	struct todo_list todo_list = TODO_LIST_INIT;
+	struct strbuf *buf = &todo_list.buf;
+	size_t offset = 0, commands_len = strlen(commands);
+	int i, insert;
+
+	if (strbuf_read_file(&todo_list.buf, todo_file, 0) < 0)
+		return error(_("could not read '%s'."), todo_file);
+
+	if (parse_insn_buffer(todo_list.buf.buf, &todo_list)) {
+		todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+		return error(_("unusable todo list: '%s'"), todo_file);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Insert <commands> after every pick. Here, fixup/squash chains
+	 * are considered part of the pick, so we insert the commands *after*
+	 * those chains if there are any.
+	 */
+	insert = -1;
+	for (i = 0; i < todo_list.nr; i++) {
+		enum todo_command command = todo_list.items[i].command;
+
+		if (insert >= 0) {
+			/* skip fixup/squash chains */
+			if (command == TODO_COMMENT)
+				continue;
+			else if (is_fixup(command)) {
+				insert = i + 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+			strbuf_insert(buf,
+				      todo_list.items[insert].offset_in_buf +
+				      offset, commands, commands_len);
+			offset += commands_len;
+			insert = -1;
+		}
+
+		if (command == TODO_PICK || command == TODO_MERGE)
+			insert = i + 1;
+	}
+
+	/* insert or append final <commands> */
+	if (insert >= 0 && insert < todo_list.nr)
+		strbuf_insert(buf, todo_list.items[insert].offset_in_buf +
+			      offset, commands, commands_len);
+	else if (insert >= 0 || !offset)
+		strbuf_add(buf, commands, commands_len);
+
+	i = write_message(buf->buf, buf->len, todo_file, 0);
+	todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+	return i;
+}
+
+int transform_todos(unsigned flags)
+{
+	const char *todo_file = rebase_path_todo();
+	struct todo_list todo_list = TODO_LIST_INIT;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct todo_item *item;
+	int i;
+
+	if (strbuf_read_file(&todo_list.buf, todo_file, 0) < 0)
+		return error(_("could not read '%s'."), todo_file);
+
+	if (parse_insn_buffer(todo_list.buf.buf, &todo_list)) {
+		todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+		return error(_("unusable todo list: '%s'"), todo_file);
+	}
+
+	for (item = todo_list.items, i = 0; i < todo_list.nr; i++, item++) {
+		/* if the item is not a command write it and continue */
+		if (item->command >= TODO_COMMENT) {
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "%.*s\n", item->arg_len, item->arg);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* add command to the buffer */
+		if (flags & TODO_LIST_ABBREVIATE_CMDS)
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, command_to_char(item->command));
+		else
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, command_to_string(item->command));
+
+		/* add commit id */
+		if (item->commit) {
+			const char *oid = flags & TODO_LIST_SHORTEN_IDS ?
+					  short_commit_name(item->commit) :
+					  oid_to_hex(&item->commit->object.oid);
+
+			if (item->command == TODO_MERGE) {
+				if (item->flags & TODO_EDIT_MERGE_MSG)
+					strbuf_addstr(&buf, " -c");
+				else
+					strbuf_addstr(&buf, " -C");
+			}
+
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, " %s", oid);
+		}
+
+		/* add all the rest */
+		if (!item->arg_len)
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+		else
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, " %.*s\n", item->arg_len, item->arg);
+	}
+
+	i = write_message(buf.buf, buf.len, todo_file, 0);
+	todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+	return i;
+}
+
+enum check_level {
+	CHECK_IGNORE = 0, CHECK_WARN, CHECK_ERROR
+};
+
+static enum check_level get_missing_commit_check_level(void)
+{
+	const char *value;
+
+	if (git_config_get_value("rebase.missingcommitscheck", &value) ||
+			!strcasecmp("ignore", value))
+		return CHECK_IGNORE;
+	if (!strcasecmp("warn", value))
+		return CHECK_WARN;
+	if (!strcasecmp("error", value))
+		return CHECK_ERROR;
+	warning(_("unrecognized setting %s for option "
+		  "rebase.missingCommitsCheck. Ignoring."), value);
+	return CHECK_IGNORE;
+}
+
+define_commit_slab(commit_seen, unsigned char);
+/*
+ * Check if the user dropped some commits by mistake
+ * Behaviour determined by rebase.missingCommitsCheck.
+ * Check if there is an unrecognized command or a
+ * bad SHA-1 in a command.
+ */
+int check_todo_list(void)
+{
+	enum check_level check_level = get_missing_commit_check_level();
+	struct strbuf todo_file = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct todo_list todo_list = TODO_LIST_INIT;
+	struct strbuf missing = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int advise_to_edit_todo = 0, res = 0, i;
+	struct commit_seen commit_seen;
+
+	init_commit_seen(&commit_seen);
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&todo_file, rebase_path_todo());
+	if (strbuf_read_file_or_whine(&todo_list.buf, todo_file.buf) < 0) {
+		res = -1;
+		goto leave_check;
+	}
+	advise_to_edit_todo = res =
+		parse_insn_buffer(todo_list.buf.buf, &todo_list);
+
+	if (res || check_level == CHECK_IGNORE)
+		goto leave_check;
+
+	/* Mark the commits in git-rebase-todo as seen */
+	for (i = 0; i < todo_list.nr; i++) {
+		struct commit *commit = todo_list.items[i].commit;
+		if (commit)
+			*commit_seen_at(&commit_seen, commit) = 1;
+	}
+
+	todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+	strbuf_addstr(&todo_file, ".backup");
+	if (strbuf_read_file_or_whine(&todo_list.buf, todo_file.buf) < 0) {
+		res = -1;
+		goto leave_check;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&todo_file);
+	res = !!parse_insn_buffer(todo_list.buf.buf, &todo_list);
+
+	/* Find commits in git-rebase-todo.backup yet unseen */
+	for (i = todo_list.nr - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+		struct todo_item *item = todo_list.items + i;
+		struct commit *commit = item->commit;
+		if (commit && !*commit_seen_at(&commit_seen, commit)) {
+			strbuf_addf(&missing, " - %s %.*s\n",
+				    short_commit_name(commit),
+				    item->arg_len, item->arg);
+			*commit_seen_at(&commit_seen, commit) = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Warn about missing commits */
+	if (!missing.len)
+		goto leave_check;
+
+	if (check_level == CHECK_ERROR)
+		advise_to_edit_todo = res = 1;
+
+	fprintf(stderr,
+		_("Warning: some commits may have been dropped accidentally.\n"
+		"Dropped commits (newer to older):\n"));
+
+	/* Make the list user-friendly and display */
+	fputs(missing.buf, stderr);
+	strbuf_release(&missing);
+
+	fprintf(stderr, _("To avoid this message, use \"drop\" to "
+		"explicitly remove a commit.\n\n"
+		"Use 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' to change "
+		"the level of warnings.\n"
+		"The possible behaviours are: ignore, warn, error.\n\n"));
+
+leave_check:
+	clear_commit_seen(&commit_seen);
+	strbuf_release(&todo_file);
+	todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+
+	if (advise_to_edit_todo)
+		fprintf(stderr,
+			_("You can fix this with 'git rebase --edit-todo' "
+			  "and then run 'git rebase --continue'.\n"
+			  "Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase"
+			  " --abort'.\n"));
+
+	return res;
+}
+
+static int rewrite_file(const char *path, const char *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	int rc = 0;
+	int fd = open(path, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return error_errno(_("could not open '%s' for writing"), path);
+	if (write_in_full(fd, buf, len) < 0)
+		rc = error_errno(_("could not write to '%s'"), path);
+	if (close(fd) && !rc)
+		rc = error_errno(_("could not close '%s'"), path);
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/* skip picking commits whose parents are unchanged */
+int skip_unnecessary_picks(void)
+{
+	const char *todo_file = rebase_path_todo();
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct todo_list todo_list = TODO_LIST_INIT;
+	struct object_id onto_oid, *oid = &onto_oid, *parent_oid;
+	int fd, i;
+
+	if (!read_oneliner(&buf, rebase_path_onto(), 0))
+		return error(_("could not read 'onto'"));
+	if (get_oid(buf.buf, &onto_oid)) {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		return error(_("need a HEAD to fixup"));
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	if (strbuf_read_file_or_whine(&todo_list.buf, todo_file) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	if (parse_insn_buffer(todo_list.buf.buf, &todo_list) < 0) {
+		todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < todo_list.nr; i++) {
+		struct todo_item *item = todo_list.items + i;
+
+		if (item->command >= TODO_NOOP)
+			continue;
+		if (item->command != TODO_PICK)
+			break;
+		if (parse_commit(item->commit)) {
+			todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+			return error(_("could not parse commit '%s'"),
+				oid_to_hex(&item->commit->object.oid));
+		}
+		if (!item->commit->parents)
+			break; /* root commit */
+		if (item->commit->parents->next)
+			break; /* merge commit */
+		parent_oid = &item->commit->parents->item->object.oid;
+		if (hashcmp(parent_oid->hash, oid->hash))
+			break;
+		oid = &item->commit->object.oid;
+	}
+	if (i > 0) {
+		int offset = get_item_line_offset(&todo_list, i);
+		const char *done_path = rebase_path_done();
+
+		fd = open(done_path, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_APPEND, 0666);
+		if (fd < 0) {
+			error_errno(_("could not open '%s' for writing"),
+				    done_path);
+			todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		if (write_in_full(fd, todo_list.buf.buf, offset) < 0) {
+			error_errno(_("could not write to '%s'"), done_path);
+			todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+			close(fd);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		close(fd);
+
+		if (rewrite_file(rebase_path_todo(), todo_list.buf.buf + offset,
+				 todo_list.buf.len - offset) < 0) {
+			todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		todo_list.current = i;
+		if (is_fixup(peek_command(&todo_list, 0)))
+			record_in_rewritten(oid, peek_command(&todo_list, 0));
+	}
+
+	todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+	printf("%s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct subject2item_entry {
+	struct hashmap_entry entry;
+	int i;
+	char subject[FLEX_ARRAY];
+};
+
+static int subject2item_cmp(const void *fndata,
+			    const struct subject2item_entry *a,
+			    const struct subject2item_entry *b, const void *key)
+{
+	return key ? strcmp(a->subject, key) : strcmp(a->subject, b->subject);
+}
+
+define_commit_slab(commit_todo_item, struct todo_item *);
+
+/*
+ * Rearrange the todo list that has both "pick commit-id msg" and "pick
+ * commit-id fixup!/squash! msg" in it so that the latter is put immediately
+ * after the former, and change "pick" to "fixup"/"squash".
+ *
+ * Note that if the config has specified a custom instruction format, each log
+ * message will have to be retrieved from the commit (as the oneline in the
+ * script cannot be trusted) in order to normalize the autosquash arrangement.
+ */
+int rearrange_squash(void)
+{
+	const char *todo_file = rebase_path_todo();
+	struct todo_list todo_list = TODO_LIST_INIT;
+	struct hashmap subject2item;
+	int res = 0, rearranged = 0, *next, *tail, i;
+	char **subjects;
+	struct commit_todo_item commit_todo;
+
+	if (strbuf_read_file_or_whine(&todo_list.buf, todo_file) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	if (parse_insn_buffer(todo_list.buf.buf, &todo_list) < 0) {
+		todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	init_commit_todo_item(&commit_todo);
+	/*
+	 * The hashmap maps onelines to the respective todo list index.
+	 *
+	 * If any items need to be rearranged, the next[i] value will indicate
+	 * which item was moved directly after the i'th.
+	 *
+	 * In that case, last[i] will indicate the index of the latest item to
+	 * be moved to appear after the i'th.
+	 */
+	hashmap_init(&subject2item, (hashmap_cmp_fn) subject2item_cmp,
+		     NULL, todo_list.nr);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(next, todo_list.nr);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(tail, todo_list.nr);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(subjects, todo_list.nr);
+	for (i = 0; i < todo_list.nr; i++) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct todo_item *item = todo_list.items + i;
+		const char *commit_buffer, *subject, *p;
+		size_t subject_len;
+		int i2 = -1;
+		struct subject2item_entry *entry;
+
+		next[i] = tail[i] = -1;
+		if (!item->commit || item->command == TODO_DROP) {
+			subjects[i] = NULL;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (is_fixup(item->command)) {
+			todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+			clear_commit_todo_item(&commit_todo);
+			return error(_("the script was already rearranged."));
+		}
+
+		*commit_todo_item_at(&commit_todo, item->commit) = item;
+
+		parse_commit(item->commit);
+		commit_buffer = get_commit_buffer(item->commit, NULL);
+		find_commit_subject(commit_buffer, &subject);
+		format_subject(&buf, subject, " ");
+		subject = subjects[i] = strbuf_detach(&buf, &subject_len);
+		unuse_commit_buffer(item->commit, commit_buffer);
+		if ((skip_prefix(subject, "fixup! ", &p) ||
+		     skip_prefix(subject, "squash! ", &p))) {
+			struct commit *commit2;
+
+			for (;;) {
+				while (isspace(*p))
+					p++;
+				if (!skip_prefix(p, "fixup! ", &p) &&
+				    !skip_prefix(p, "squash! ", &p))
+					break;
+			}
+
+			if ((entry = hashmap_get_from_hash(&subject2item,
+							   strhash(p), p)))
+				/* found by title */
+				i2 = entry->i;
+			else if (!strchr(p, ' ') &&
+				 (commit2 =
+				  lookup_commit_reference_by_name(p)) &&
+				 *commit_todo_item_at(&commit_todo, commit2))
+				/* found by commit name */
+				i2 = *commit_todo_item_at(&commit_todo, commit2)
+					- todo_list.items;
+			else {
+				/* copy can be a prefix of the commit subject */
+				for (i2 = 0; i2 < i; i2++)
+					if (subjects[i2] &&
+					    starts_with(subjects[i2], p))
+						break;
+				if (i2 == i)
+					i2 = -1;
+			}
+		}
+		if (i2 >= 0) {
+			rearranged = 1;
+			todo_list.items[i].command =
+				starts_with(subject, "fixup!") ?
+				TODO_FIXUP : TODO_SQUASH;
+			if (next[i2] < 0)
+				next[i2] = i;
+			else
+				next[tail[i2]] = i;
+			tail[i2] = i;
+		} else if (!hashmap_get_from_hash(&subject2item,
+						strhash(subject), subject)) {
+			FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(entry, subject, subject, subject_len);
+			entry->i = i;
+			hashmap_entry_init(entry, strhash(entry->subject));
+			hashmap_put(&subject2item, entry);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (rearranged) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < todo_list.nr; i++) {
+			enum todo_command command = todo_list.items[i].command;
+			int cur = i;
+
+			/*
+			 * Initially, all commands are 'pick's. If it is a
+			 * fixup or a squash now, we have rearranged it.
+			 */
+			if (is_fixup(command))
+				continue;
+
+			while (cur >= 0) {
+				const char *bol =
+					get_item_line(&todo_list, cur);
+				const char *eol =
+					get_item_line(&todo_list, cur + 1);
+
+				/* replace 'pick', by 'fixup' or 'squash' */
+				command = todo_list.items[cur].command;
+				if (is_fixup(command)) {
+					strbuf_addstr(&buf,
+						todo_command_info[command].str);
+					bol += strcspn(bol, " \t");
+				}
+
+				strbuf_add(&buf, bol, eol - bol);
+
+				cur = next[cur];
+			}
+		}
+
+		res = rewrite_file(todo_file, buf.buf, buf.len);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+	}
+
+	free(next);
+	free(tail);
+	for (i = 0; i < todo_list.nr; i++)
+		free(subjects[i]);
+	free(subjects);
+	hashmap_free(&subject2item, 1);
+	todo_list_release(&todo_list);
+
+	clear_commit_todo_item(&commit_todo);
+	return res;
+}
diff --git a/sequencer.h b/sequencer.h
index 5ed5cb1d97..c751c9d6e4 100644
--- a/sequencer.h
+++ b/sequencer.h
@@ -1,28 +1,31 @@
 #ifndef SEQUENCER_H
 #define SEQUENCER_H
 
-#define SEQ_DIR		"sequencer"
-#define SEQ_HEAD_FILE	"sequencer/head"
-#define SEQ_TODO_FILE	"sequencer/todo"
-#define SEQ_OPTS_FILE	"sequencer/opts"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+struct commit;
+
+const char *git_path_commit_editmsg(void);
+const char *git_path_seq_dir(void);
 
 #define APPEND_SIGNOFF_DEDUP (1u << 0)
 
 enum replay_action {
 	REPLAY_REVERT,
-	REPLAY_PICK
+	REPLAY_PICK,
+	REPLAY_INTERACTIVE_REBASE
 };
 
-enum replay_subcommand {
-	REPLAY_NONE,
-	REPLAY_REMOVE_STATE,
-	REPLAY_CONTINUE,
-	REPLAY_ROLLBACK
+enum commit_msg_cleanup_mode {
+	COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_SPACE,
+	COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_NONE,
+	COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_SCISSORS,
+	COMMIT_MSG_CLEANUP_ALL
 };
 
 struct replay_opts {
 	enum replay_action action;
-	enum replay_subcommand subcommand;
 
 	/* Boolean options */
 	int edit;
@@ -34,25 +37,74 @@ struct replay_opts {
 	int allow_empty;
 	int allow_empty_message;
 	int keep_redundant_commits;
+	int verbose;
 
 	int mainline;
 
-	const char *gpg_sign;
+	char *gpg_sign;
+	enum commit_msg_cleanup_mode default_msg_cleanup;
 
 	/* Merge strategy */
-	const char *strategy;
-	const char **xopts;
+	char *strategy;
+	char **xopts;
 	size_t xopts_nr, xopts_alloc;
 
+	/* Used by fixup/squash */
+	struct strbuf current_fixups;
+	int current_fixup_count;
+
+	/* placeholder commit for -i --root */
+	struct object_id squash_onto;
+	int have_squash_onto;
+
 	/* Only used by REPLAY_NONE */
 	struct rev_info *revs;
 };
+#define REPLAY_OPTS_INIT { .action = -1, .current_fixups = STRBUF_INIT }
 
+/* Call this to setup defaults before parsing command line options */
+void sequencer_init_config(struct replay_opts *opts);
 int sequencer_pick_revisions(struct replay_opts *opts);
+int sequencer_continue(struct replay_opts *opts);
+int sequencer_rollback(struct replay_opts *opts);
+int sequencer_remove_state(struct replay_opts *opts);
+
+#define TODO_LIST_KEEP_EMPTY (1U << 0)
+#define TODO_LIST_SHORTEN_IDS (1U << 1)
+#define TODO_LIST_ABBREVIATE_CMDS (1U << 2)
+#define TODO_LIST_REBASE_MERGES (1U << 3)
+/*
+ * When rebasing merges, commits that do have the base commit as ancestor
+ * ("cousins") are *not* rebased onto the new base by default. If those
+ * commits should be rebased onto the new base, this flag needs to be passed.
+ */
+#define TODO_LIST_REBASE_COUSINS (1U << 4)
+int sequencer_make_script(FILE *out, int argc, const char **argv,
+			  unsigned flags);
+
+int sequencer_add_exec_commands(const char *command);
+int transform_todos(unsigned flags);
+int check_todo_list(void);
+int skip_unnecessary_picks(void);
+int rearrange_squash(void);
 
 extern const char sign_off_header[];
 
 void append_signoff(struct strbuf *msgbuf, int ignore_footer, unsigned flag);
 void append_conflicts_hint(struct strbuf *msgbuf);
+int message_is_empty(const struct strbuf *sb,
+		     enum commit_msg_cleanup_mode cleanup_mode);
+int template_untouched(const struct strbuf *sb, const char *template_file,
+		       enum commit_msg_cleanup_mode cleanup_mode);
+int update_head_with_reflog(const struct commit *old_head,
+			    const struct object_id *new_head,
+			    const char *action, const struct strbuf *msg,
+			    struct strbuf *err);
+void commit_post_rewrite(const struct commit *current_head,
+			 const struct object_id *new_head);
 
+#define SUMMARY_INITIAL_COMMIT   (1 << 0)
+#define SUMMARY_SHOW_AUTHOR_DATE (1 << 1)
+void print_commit_summary(const char *prefix, const struct object_id *oid,
+			  unsigned int flags);
 #endif
diff --git a/serve.c b/serve.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bda085f09c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/serve.c
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "pkt-line.h"
+#include "version.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
+#include "ls-refs.h"
+#include "serve.h"
+#include "upload-pack.h"
+
+static int always_advertise(struct repository *r,
+			    struct strbuf *value)
+{
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int agent_advertise(struct repository *r,
+			   struct strbuf *value)
+{
+	if (value)
+		strbuf_addstr(value, git_user_agent_sanitized());
+	return 1;
+}
+
+struct protocol_capability {
+	/*
+	 * The name of the capability.  The server uses this name when
+	 * advertising this capability, and the client uses this name to
+	 * specify this capability.
+	 */
+	const char *name;
+
+	/*
+	 * Function queried to see if a capability should be advertised.
+	 * Optionally a value can be specified by adding it to 'value'.
+	 * If a value is added to 'value', the server will advertise this
+	 * capability as "<name>=<value>" instead of "<name>".
+	 */
+	int (*advertise)(struct repository *r, struct strbuf *value);
+
+	/*
+	 * Function called when a client requests the capability as a command.
+	 * The function will be provided the capabilities requested via 'keys'
+	 * as well as a struct packet_reader 'request' which the command should
+	 * use to read the command specific part of the request.  Every command
+	 * MUST read until a flush packet is seen before sending a response.
+	 *
+	 * This field should be NULL for capabilities which are not commands.
+	 */
+	int (*command)(struct repository *r,
+		       struct argv_array *keys,
+		       struct packet_reader *request);
+};
+
+static struct protocol_capability capabilities[] = {
+	{ "agent", agent_advertise, NULL },
+	{ "ls-refs", always_advertise, ls_refs },
+	{ "fetch", upload_pack_advertise, upload_pack_v2 },
+	{ "server-option", always_advertise, NULL },
+};
+
+static void advertise_capabilities(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf capability = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf value = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(capabilities); i++) {
+		struct protocol_capability *c = &capabilities[i];
+
+		if (c->advertise(the_repository, &value)) {
+			strbuf_addstr(&capability, c->name);
+
+			if (value.len) {
+				strbuf_addch(&capability, '=');
+				strbuf_addbuf(&capability, &value);
+			}
+
+			strbuf_addch(&capability, '\n');
+			packet_write(1, capability.buf, capability.len);
+		}
+
+		strbuf_reset(&capability);
+		strbuf_reset(&value);
+	}
+
+	packet_flush(1);
+	strbuf_release(&capability);
+	strbuf_release(&value);
+}
+
+static struct protocol_capability *get_capability(const char *key)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!key)
+		return NULL;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(capabilities); i++) {
+		struct protocol_capability *c = &capabilities[i];
+		const char *out;
+		if (skip_prefix(key, c->name, &out) && (!*out || *out == '='))
+			return c;
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static int is_valid_capability(const char *key)
+{
+	const struct protocol_capability *c = get_capability(key);
+
+	return c && c->advertise(the_repository, NULL);
+}
+
+static int is_command(const char *key, struct protocol_capability **command)
+{
+	const char *out;
+
+	if (skip_prefix(key, "command=", &out)) {
+		struct protocol_capability *cmd = get_capability(out);
+
+		if (*command)
+			die("command '%s' requested after already requesting command '%s'",
+			    out, (*command)->name);
+		if (!cmd || !cmd->advertise(the_repository, NULL) || !cmd->command)
+			die("invalid command '%s'", out);
+
+		*command = cmd;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int has_capability(const struct argv_array *keys, const char *capability,
+		   const char **value)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < keys->argc; i++) {
+		const char *out;
+		if (skip_prefix(keys->argv[i], capability, &out) &&
+		    (!*out || *out == '=')) {
+			if (value) {
+				if (*out == '=')
+					out++;
+				*value = out;
+			}
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+enum request_state {
+	PROCESS_REQUEST_KEYS,
+	PROCESS_REQUEST_DONE,
+};
+
+static int process_request(void)
+{
+	enum request_state state = PROCESS_REQUEST_KEYS;
+	struct packet_reader reader;
+	struct argv_array keys = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct protocol_capability *command = NULL;
+
+	packet_reader_init(&reader, 0, NULL, 0,
+			   PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE |
+			   PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF);
+
+	/*
+	 * Check to see if the client closed their end before sending another
+	 * request.  If so we can terminate the connection.
+	 */
+	if (packet_reader_peek(&reader) == PACKET_READ_EOF)
+		return 1;
+	reader.options = PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE;
+
+	while (state != PROCESS_REQUEST_DONE) {
+		switch (packet_reader_peek(&reader)) {
+		case PACKET_READ_EOF:
+			BUG("Should have already died when seeing EOF");
+		case PACKET_READ_NORMAL:
+			/* collect request; a sequence of keys and values */
+			if (is_command(reader.line, &command) ||
+			    is_valid_capability(reader.line))
+				argv_array_push(&keys, reader.line);
+			else
+				die("unknown capability '%s'", reader.line);
+
+			/* Consume the peeked line */
+			packet_reader_read(&reader);
+			break;
+		case PACKET_READ_FLUSH:
+			/*
+			 * If no command and no keys were given then the client
+			 * wanted to terminate the connection.
+			 */
+			if (!keys.argc)
+				return 1;
+
+			/*
+			 * The flush packet isn't consume here like it is in
+			 * the other parts of this switch statement.  This is
+			 * so that the command can read the flush packet and
+			 * see the end of the request in the same way it would
+			 * if command specific arguments were provided after a
+			 * delim packet.
+			 */
+			state = PROCESS_REQUEST_DONE;
+			break;
+		case PACKET_READ_DELIM:
+			/* Consume the peeked line */
+			packet_reader_read(&reader);
+
+			state = PROCESS_REQUEST_DONE;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!command)
+		die("no command requested");
+
+	command->command(the_repository, &keys, &reader);
+
+	argv_array_clear(&keys);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Main serve loop for protocol version 2 */
+void serve(struct serve_options *options)
+{
+	if (options->advertise_capabilities || !options->stateless_rpc) {
+		/* serve by default supports v2 */
+		packet_write_fmt(1, "version 2\n");
+
+		advertise_capabilities();
+		/*
+		 * If only the list of capabilities was requested exit
+		 * immediately after advertising capabilities
+		 */
+		if (options->advertise_capabilities)
+			return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If stateless-rpc was requested then exit after
+	 * a single request/response exchange
+	 */
+	if (options->stateless_rpc) {
+		process_request();
+	} else {
+		for (;;)
+			if (process_request())
+				break;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/serve.h b/serve.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fe65ba9f46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/serve.h
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#ifndef SERVE_H
+#define SERVE_H
+
+struct argv_array;
+extern int has_capability(const struct argv_array *keys, const char *capability,
+			  const char **value);
+
+struct serve_options {
+	unsigned advertise_capabilities;
+	unsigned stateless_rpc;
+};
+#define SERVE_OPTIONS_INIT { 0 }
+extern void serve(struct serve_options *options);
+
+#endif /* SERVE_H */
diff --git a/server-info.c b/server-info.c
index 34b0253177..41050c2449 100644
--- a/server-info.c
+++ b/server-info.c
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 
 /*
  * Create the file "path" by writing to a temporary file and renaming
@@ -14,19 +17,21 @@ static int update_info_file(char *path, int (*generate)(FILE *))
 	char *tmp = mkpathdup("%s_XXXXXX", path);
 	int ret = -1;
 	int fd = -1;
-	FILE *fp = NULL;
+	FILE *fp = NULL, *to_close;
 
 	safe_create_leading_directories(path);
 	fd = git_mkstemp_mode(tmp, 0666);
 	if (fd < 0)
 		goto out;
-	fp = fdopen(fd, "w");
+	to_close = fp = fdopen(fd, "w");
 	if (!fp)
 		goto out;
+	fd = -1;
 	ret = generate(fp);
 	if (ret)
 		goto out;
-	if (fclose(fp))
+	fp = NULL;
+	if (fclose(to_close))
 		goto out;
 	if (adjust_shared_perm(tmp) < 0)
 		goto out;
@@ -36,7 +41,7 @@ static int update_info_file(char *path, int (*generate)(FILE *))
 
 out:
 	if (ret) {
-		error("unable to update %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
+		error_errno("unable to update %s", path);
 		if (fp)
 			fclose(fp);
 		else if (fd >= 0)
@@ -47,21 +52,22 @@ out:
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static int add_info_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int add_info_ref(const char *path, const struct object_id *oid,
+			int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	FILE *fp = cb_data;
-	struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
+	struct object *o = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
 	if (!o)
 		return -1;
 
-	if (fprintf(fp, "%s	%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), path) < 0)
+	if (fprintf(fp, "%s	%s\n", oid_to_hex(oid), path) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	if (o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
-		o = deref_tag(o, path, 0);
+		o = deref_tag(the_repository, o, path, 0);
 		if (o)
 			if (fprintf(fp, "%s	%s^{}\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(o->sha1), path) < 0)
+				oid_to_hex(&o->oid), path) < 0)
 				return -1;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -86,8 +92,6 @@ static struct pack_info {
 	int old_num;
 	int new_num;
 	int nr_alloc;
-	int nr_heads;
-	unsigned char (*head)[20];
 } **info;
 static int num_pack;
 static const char *objdir;
@@ -130,7 +134,7 @@ static int read_pack_info_file(const char *infofile)
 	char line[1000];
 	int old_cnt = 0;
 
-	fp = fopen(infofile, "r");
+	fp = fopen_or_warn(infofile, "r");
 	if (!fp)
 		return 1; /* nonexistent is not an error. */
 
@@ -195,8 +199,7 @@ static void init_pack_info(const char *infofile, int force)
 	objdir = get_object_directory();
 	objdirlen = strlen(objdir);
 
-	prepare_packed_git();
-	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+	for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p; p = p->next) {
 		/* we ignore things on alternate path since they are
 		 * not available to the pullers in general.
 		 */
@@ -206,7 +209,7 @@ static void init_pack_info(const char *infofile, int force)
 	}
 	num_pack = i;
 	info = xcalloc(num_pack, sizeof(struct pack_info *));
-	for (i = 0, p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+	for (i = 0, p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p; p = p->next) {
 		if (!p->pack_local)
 			continue;
 		info[i] = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct pack_info));
@@ -220,15 +223,12 @@ static void init_pack_info(const char *infofile, int force)
 	else
 		stale = 1;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < num_pack; i++) {
-		if (stale) {
+	for (i = 0; i < num_pack; i++)
+		if (stale)
 			info[i]->old_num = -1;
-			info[i]->nr_heads = 0;
-		}
-	}
 
 	/* renumber them */
-	qsort(info, num_pack, sizeof(info[0]), compare_info);
+	QSORT(info, num_pack, compare_info);
 	for (i = 0; i < num_pack; i++)
 		info[i]->new_num = i;
 }
diff --git a/setup.c b/setup.c
index 979b13f0c6..b24c811c1c 100644
--- a/setup.c
+++ b/setup.c
@@ -1,9 +1,16 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
+#include "chdir-notify.h"
 
 static int inside_git_dir = -1;
 static int inside_work_tree = -1;
+static int work_tree_config_is_bogus;
+
+static struct startup_info the_startup_info;
+struct startup_info *startup_info = &the_startup_info;
 
 /*
  * The input parameter must contain an absolute path, and it must already be
@@ -86,7 +93,7 @@ char *prefix_path_gently(const char *prefix, int len,
 	const char *orig = path;
 	char *sanitized;
 	if (is_absolute_path(orig)) {
-		sanitized = xmalloc(strlen(path) + 1);
+		sanitized = xmallocz(strlen(path));
 		if (remaining_prefix)
 			*remaining_prefix = 0;
 		if (normalize_path_copy_len(sanitized, path, remaining_prefix)) {
@@ -98,10 +105,7 @@ char *prefix_path_gently(const char *prefix, int len,
 			return NULL;
 		}
 	} else {
-		sanitized = xmalloc(len + strlen(path) + 1);
-		if (len)
-			memcpy(sanitized, prefix, len);
-		strcpy(sanitized + len, path);
+		sanitized = xstrfmt("%.*s%s", len, len ? prefix : "", path);
 		if (remaining_prefix)
 			*remaining_prefix = len;
 		if (normalize_path_copy_len(sanitized, sanitized, remaining_prefix)) {
@@ -116,7 +120,7 @@ char *prefix_path(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path)
 {
 	char *r = prefix_path_gently(prefix, len, NULL, path);
 	if (!r)
-		die("'%s' is outside repository", path);
+		die(_("'%s' is outside repository"), path);
 	return r;
 }
 
@@ -133,22 +137,31 @@ int path_inside_repo(const char *prefix, const char *path)
 
 int check_filename(const char *prefix, const char *arg)
 {
-	const char *name;
+	char *to_free = NULL;
 	struct stat st;
 
-	if (starts_with(arg, ":/")) {
-		if (arg[2] == '\0') /* ":/" is root dir, always exists */
+	if (skip_prefix(arg, ":/", &arg)) {
+		if (!*arg) /* ":/" is root dir, always exists */
 			return 1;
-		name = arg + 2;
-	} else if (prefix)
-		name = prefix_filename(prefix, strlen(prefix), arg);
-	else
-		name = arg;
-	if (!lstat(name, &st))
+		prefix = NULL;
+	} else if (skip_prefix(arg, ":!", &arg) ||
+		   skip_prefix(arg, ":^", &arg)) {
+		if (!*arg) /* excluding everything is silly, but allowed */
+			return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (prefix)
+		arg = to_free = prefix_filename(prefix, arg);
+
+	if (!lstat(arg, &st)) {
+		free(to_free);
 		return 1; /* file exists */
-	if (errno == ENOENT || errno == ENOTDIR)
+	}
+	if (is_missing_file_error(errno)) {
+		free(to_free);
 		return 0; /* file does not exist */
-	die_errno("failed to stat '%s'", arg);
+	}
+	die_errno(_("failed to stat '%s'"), arg);
 }
 
 static void NORETURN die_verify_filename(const char *prefix,
@@ -156,8 +169,8 @@ static void NORETURN die_verify_filename(const char *prefix,
 					 int diagnose_misspelt_rev)
 {
 	if (!diagnose_misspelt_rev)
-		die("%s: no such path in the working tree.\n"
-		    "Use 'git <command> -- <path>...' to specify paths that do not exist locally.",
+		die(_("%s: no such path in the working tree.\n"
+		      "Use 'git <command> -- <path>...' to specify paths that do not exist locally."),
 		    arg);
 	/*
 	 * Saying "'(icase)foo' does not exist in the index" when the
@@ -169,13 +182,31 @@ static void NORETURN die_verify_filename(const char *prefix,
 		maybe_die_on_misspelt_object_name(arg, prefix);
 
 	/* ... or fall back the most general message. */
-	die("ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
-	    "Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
-	    "'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'", arg);
+	die(_("ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
+	      "Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+	      "'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"), arg);
 
 }
 
 /*
+ * Check for arguments that don't resolve as actual files,
+ * but which look sufficiently like pathspecs that we'll consider
+ * them such for the purposes of rev/pathspec DWIM parsing.
+ */
+static int looks_like_pathspec(const char *arg)
+{
+	/* anything with a wildcard character */
+	if (!no_wildcard(arg))
+		return 1;
+
+	/* long-form pathspec magic */
+	if (starts_with(arg, ":("))
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
  * Verify a filename that we got as an argument for a pathspec
  * entry. Note that a filename that begins with "-" never verifies
  * as true, because even if such a filename were to exist, we want
@@ -200,8 +231,8 @@ void verify_filename(const char *prefix,
 		     int diagnose_misspelt_rev)
 {
 	if (*arg == '-')
-		die("bad flag '%s' used after filename", arg);
-	if (check_filename(prefix, arg))
+		die(_("option '%s' must come before non-option arguments"), arg);
+	if (looks_like_pathspec(arg) || check_filename(prefix, arg))
 		return;
 	die_verify_filename(prefix, arg, diagnose_misspelt_rev);
 }
@@ -219,11 +250,50 @@ void verify_non_filename(const char *prefix, const char *arg)
 		return; /* flag */
 	if (!check_filename(prefix, arg))
 		return;
-	die("ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
-	    "Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
-	    "'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'", arg);
+	die(_("ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
+	      "Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+	      "'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'"), arg);
 }
 
+int get_common_dir(struct strbuf *sb, const char *gitdir)
+{
+	const char *git_env_common_dir = getenv(GIT_COMMON_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+	if (git_env_common_dir) {
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, git_env_common_dir);
+		return 1;
+	} else {
+		return get_common_dir_noenv(sb, gitdir);
+	}
+}
+
+int get_common_dir_noenv(struct strbuf *sb, const char *gitdir)
+{
+	struct strbuf data = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&path, "%s/commondir", gitdir);
+	if (file_exists(path.buf)) {
+		if (strbuf_read_file(&data, path.buf, 0) <= 0)
+			die_errno(_("failed to read %s"), path.buf);
+		while (data.len && (data.buf[data.len - 1] == '\n' ||
+				    data.buf[data.len - 1] == '\r'))
+			data.len--;
+		data.buf[data.len] = '\0';
+		strbuf_reset(&path);
+		if (!is_absolute_path(data.buf))
+			strbuf_addf(&path, "%s/", gitdir);
+		strbuf_addbuf(&path, &data);
+		strbuf_add_real_path(sb, path.buf);
+		ret = 1;
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, gitdir);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&data);
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+	return ret;
+}
 
 /*
  * Test if it looks like we're at a git directory.
@@ -238,31 +308,59 @@ void verify_non_filename(const char *prefix, const char *arg)
  */
 int is_git_directory(const char *suspect)
 {
-	char path[PATH_MAX];
-	size_t len = strlen(suspect);
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = 0;
+	size_t len;
 
-	if (PATH_MAX <= len + strlen("/objects"))
-		die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, suspect);
-	strcpy(path, suspect);
+	/* Check worktree-related signatures */
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, suspect);
+	strbuf_complete(&path, '/');
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, "HEAD");
+	if (validate_headref(path.buf))
+		goto done;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&path);
+	get_common_dir(&path, suspect);
+	len = path.len;
+
+	/* Check non-worktree-related signatures */
 	if (getenv(DB_ENVIRONMENT)) {
 		if (access(getenv(DB_ENVIRONMENT), X_OK))
-			return 0;
+			goto done;
 	}
 	else {
-		strcpy(path + len, "/objects");
-		if (access(path, X_OK))
-			return 0;
+		strbuf_setlen(&path, len);
+		strbuf_addstr(&path, "/objects");
+		if (access(path.buf, X_OK))
+			goto done;
 	}
 
-	strcpy(path + len, "/refs");
-	if (access(path, X_OK))
-		return 0;
+	strbuf_setlen(&path, len);
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, "/refs");
+	if (access(path.buf, X_OK))
+		goto done;
 
-	strcpy(path + len, "/HEAD");
-	if (validate_headref(path))
-		return 0;
+	ret = 1;
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+	return ret;
+}
 
-	return 1;
+int is_nonbare_repository_dir(struct strbuf *path)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	int gitfile_error;
+	size_t orig_path_len = path->len;
+	assert(orig_path_len != 0);
+	strbuf_complete(path, '/');
+	strbuf_addstr(path, ".git");
+	if (read_gitfile_gently(path->buf, &gitfile_error) || is_git_directory(path->buf))
+		ret = 1;
+	if (gitfile_error == READ_GITFILE_ERR_OPEN_FAILED ||
+	    gitfile_error == READ_GITFILE_ERR_READ_FAILED)
+		ret = 1;
+	strbuf_setlen(path, orig_path_len);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 int is_inside_git_dir(void)
@@ -281,17 +379,18 @@ int is_inside_work_tree(void)
 
 void setup_work_tree(void)
 {
-	const char *work_tree, *git_dir;
+	const char *work_tree;
 	static int initialized = 0;
 
 	if (initialized)
 		return;
+
+	if (work_tree_config_is_bogus)
+		die(_("unable to set up work tree using invalid config"));
+
 	work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
-	git_dir = get_git_dir();
-	if (!is_absolute_path(git_dir))
-		git_dir = real_path(get_git_dir());
-	if (!work_tree || chdir(work_tree))
-		die("This operation must be run in a work tree");
+	if (!work_tree || chdir_notify(work_tree))
+		die(_("this operation must be run in a work tree"));
 
 	/*
 	 * Make sure subsequent git processes find correct worktree
@@ -300,94 +399,235 @@ void setup_work_tree(void)
 	if (getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT))
 		setenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, ".", 1);
 
-	set_git_dir(remove_leading_path(git_dir, work_tree));
 	initialized = 1;
 }
 
-static int check_repository_format_gently(const char *gitdir, int *nongit_ok)
+static int check_repo_format(const char *var, const char *value, void *vdata)
 {
-	char repo_config[PATH_MAX+1];
+	struct repository_format *data = vdata;
+	const char *ext;
+
+	if (strcmp(var, "core.repositoryformatversion") == 0)
+		data->version = git_config_int(var, value);
+	else if (skip_prefix(var, "extensions.", &ext)) {
+		/*
+		 * record any known extensions here; otherwise,
+		 * we fall through to recording it as unknown, and
+		 * check_repository_format will complain
+		 */
+		if (!strcmp(ext, "noop"))
+			;
+		else if (!strcmp(ext, "preciousobjects"))
+			data->precious_objects = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		else if (!strcmp(ext, "partialclone")) {
+			if (!value)
+				return config_error_nonbool(var);
+			data->partial_clone = xstrdup(value);
+		} else
+			string_list_append(&data->unknown_extensions, ext);
+	} else if (strcmp(var, "core.bare") == 0) {
+		data->is_bare = git_config_bool(var, value);
+	} else if (strcmp(var, "core.worktree") == 0) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		data->work_tree = xstrdup(value);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int check_repository_format_gently(const char *gitdir, struct repository_format *candidate, int *nongit_ok)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int has_common;
+
+	has_common = get_common_dir(&sb, gitdir);
+	strbuf_addstr(&sb, "/config");
+	read_repository_format(candidate, sb.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
 
 	/*
-	 * git_config() can't be used here because it calls git_pathdup()
-	 * to get $GIT_CONFIG/config. That call will make setup_git_env()
-	 * set git_dir to ".git".
-	 *
-	 * We are in gitdir setup, no git dir has been found useable yet.
-	 * Use a gentler version of git_config() to check if this repo
-	 * is a good one.
+	 * For historical use of check_repository_format() in git-init,
+	 * we treat a missing config as a silent "ok", even when nongit_ok
+	 * is unset.
 	 */
-	snprintf(repo_config, PATH_MAX, "%s/config", gitdir);
-	git_config_early(check_repository_format_version, NULL, repo_config);
-	if (GIT_REPO_VERSION < repository_format_version) {
-		if (!nongit_ok)
-			die ("Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d",
-			     GIT_REPO_VERSION, repository_format_version);
-		warning("Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d",
-			GIT_REPO_VERSION, repository_format_version);
-		warning("Please upgrade Git");
-		*nongit_ok = -1;
+	if (candidate->version < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (verify_repository_format(candidate, &err) < 0) {
+		if (nongit_ok) {
+			warning("%s", err.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&err);
+			*nongit_ok = -1;
+			return -1;
+		}
+		die("%s", err.buf);
+	}
+
+	repository_format_precious_objects = candidate->precious_objects;
+	repository_format_partial_clone = candidate->partial_clone;
+	string_list_clear(&candidate->unknown_extensions, 0);
+	if (!has_common) {
+		if (candidate->is_bare != -1) {
+			is_bare_repository_cfg = candidate->is_bare;
+			if (is_bare_repository_cfg == 1)
+				inside_work_tree = -1;
+		}
+		if (candidate->work_tree) {
+			free(git_work_tree_cfg);
+			git_work_tree_cfg = candidate->work_tree;
+			inside_work_tree = -1;
+		}
+	} else {
+		free(candidate->work_tree);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int read_repository_format(struct repository_format *format, const char *path)
+{
+	memset(format, 0, sizeof(*format));
+	format->version = -1;
+	format->is_bare = -1;
+	format->hash_algo = GIT_HASH_SHA1;
+	string_list_init(&format->unknown_extensions, 1);
+	git_config_from_file(check_repo_format, path, format);
+	return format->version;
+}
+
+int verify_repository_format(const struct repository_format *format,
+			     struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	if (GIT_REPO_VERSION_READ < format->version) {
+		strbuf_addf(err, _("Expected git repo version <= %d, found %d"),
+			    GIT_REPO_VERSION_READ, format->version);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (format->version >= 1 && format->unknown_extensions.nr) {
+		int i;
+
+		strbuf_addstr(err, _("unknown repository extensions found:"));
+
+		for (i = 0; i < format->unknown_extensions.nr; i++)
+			strbuf_addf(err, "\n\t%s",
+				    format->unknown_extensions.items[i].string);
 		return -1;
 	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
+void read_gitfile_error_die(int error_code, const char *path, const char *dir)
+{
+	switch (error_code) {
+	case READ_GITFILE_ERR_STAT_FAILED:
+	case READ_GITFILE_ERR_NOT_A_FILE:
+		/* non-fatal; follow return path */
+		break;
+	case READ_GITFILE_ERR_OPEN_FAILED:
+		die_errno(_("error opening '%s'"), path);
+	case READ_GITFILE_ERR_TOO_LARGE:
+		die(_("too large to be a .git file: '%s'"), path);
+	case READ_GITFILE_ERR_READ_FAILED:
+		die(_("error reading %s"), path);
+	case READ_GITFILE_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT:
+		die(_("invalid gitfile format: %s"), path);
+	case READ_GITFILE_ERR_NO_PATH:
+		die(_("no path in gitfile: %s"), path);
+	case READ_GITFILE_ERR_NOT_A_REPO:
+		die(_("not a git repository: %s"), dir);
+	default:
+		BUG("unknown error code");
+	}
+}
+
 /*
  * Try to read the location of the git directory from the .git file,
- * return path to git directory if found.
+ * return path to git directory if found. The return value comes from
+ * a shared buffer.
+ *
+ * On failure, if return_error_code is not NULL, return_error_code
+ * will be set to an error code and NULL will be returned. If
+ * return_error_code is NULL the function will die instead (for most
+ * cases).
  */
-const char *read_gitfile(const char *path)
+const char *read_gitfile_gently(const char *path, int *return_error_code)
 {
-	char *buf;
-	char *dir;
+	const int max_file_size = 1 << 20;  /* 1MB */
+	int error_code = 0;
+	char *buf = NULL;
+	char *dir = NULL;
 	const char *slash;
 	struct stat st;
 	int fd;
 	ssize_t len;
 
-	if (stat(path, &st))
-		return NULL;
-	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
-		return NULL;
+	if (stat(path, &st)) {
+		/* NEEDSWORK: discern between ENOENT vs other errors */
+		error_code = READ_GITFILE_ERR_STAT_FAILED;
+		goto cleanup_return;
+	}
+	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
+		error_code = READ_GITFILE_ERR_NOT_A_FILE;
+		goto cleanup_return;
+	}
+	if (st.st_size > max_file_size) {
+		error_code = READ_GITFILE_ERR_TOO_LARGE;
+		goto cleanup_return;
+	}
 	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno("Error opening '%s'", path);
-	buf = xmalloc(st.st_size + 1);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		error_code = READ_GITFILE_ERR_OPEN_FAILED;
+		goto cleanup_return;
+	}
+	buf = xmallocz(st.st_size);
 	len = read_in_full(fd, buf, st.st_size);
 	close(fd);
-	if (len != st.st_size)
-		die("Error reading %s", path);
-	buf[len] = '\0';
-	if (!starts_with(buf, "gitdir: "))
-		die("Invalid gitfile format: %s", path);
+	if (len != st.st_size) {
+		error_code = READ_GITFILE_ERR_READ_FAILED;
+		goto cleanup_return;
+	}
+	if (!starts_with(buf, "gitdir: ")) {
+		error_code = READ_GITFILE_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
+		goto cleanup_return;
+	}
 	while (buf[len - 1] == '\n' || buf[len - 1] == '\r')
 		len--;
-	if (len < 9)
-		die("No path in gitfile: %s", path);
+	if (len < 9) {
+		error_code = READ_GITFILE_ERR_NO_PATH;
+		goto cleanup_return;
+	}
 	buf[len] = '\0';
 	dir = buf + 8;
 
 	if (!is_absolute_path(dir) && (slash = strrchr(path, '/'))) {
 		size_t pathlen = slash+1 - path;
-		size_t dirlen = pathlen + len - 8;
-		dir = xmalloc(dirlen + 1);
-		strncpy(dir, path, pathlen);
-		strncpy(dir + pathlen, buf + 8, len - 8);
-		dir[dirlen] = '\0';
+		dir = xstrfmt("%.*s%.*s", (int)pathlen, path,
+			      (int)(len - 8), buf + 8);
 		free(buf);
 		buf = dir;
 	}
-
-	if (!is_git_directory(dir))
-		die("Not a git repository: %s", dir);
+	if (!is_git_directory(dir)) {
+		error_code = READ_GITFILE_ERR_NOT_A_REPO;
+		goto cleanup_return;
+	}
 	path = real_path(dir);
 
+cleanup_return:
+	if (return_error_code)
+		*return_error_code = error_code;
+	else if (error_code)
+		read_gitfile_error_die(error_code, path, dir);
+
 	free(buf);
-	return path;
+	return error_code ? NULL : path;
 }
 
 static const char *setup_explicit_git_dir(const char *gitdirenv,
 					  struct strbuf *cwd,
+					  struct repository_format *repo_fmt,
 					  int *nongit_ok)
 {
 	const char *work_tree_env = getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT);
@@ -396,7 +636,7 @@ static const char *setup_explicit_git_dir(const char *gitdirenv,
 	int offset;
 
 	if (PATH_MAX - 40 < strlen(gitdirenv))
-		die("'$%s' too big", GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+		die(_("'$%s' too big"), GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
 
 	gitfile = (char*)read_gitfile(gitdirenv);
 	if (gitfile) {
@@ -410,10 +650,10 @@ static const char *setup_explicit_git_dir(const char *gitdirenv,
 			free(gitfile);
 			return NULL;
 		}
-		die("Not a git repository: '%s'", gitdirenv);
+		die(_("not a git repository: '%s'"), gitdirenv);
 	}
 
-	if (check_repository_format_gently(gitdirenv, nongit_ok)) {
+	if (check_repository_format_gently(gitdirenv, repo_fmt, nongit_ok)) {
 		free(gitfile);
 		return NULL;
 	}
@@ -422,8 +662,11 @@ static const char *setup_explicit_git_dir(const char *gitdirenv,
 	if (work_tree_env)
 		set_git_work_tree(work_tree_env);
 	else if (is_bare_repository_cfg > 0) {
-		if (git_work_tree_cfg) /* #22.2, #30 */
-			die("core.bare and core.worktree do not make sense");
+		if (git_work_tree_cfg) {
+			/* #22.2, #30 */
+			warning("core.bare and core.worktree do not make sense");
+			work_tree_config_is_bogus = 1;
+		}
 
 		/* #18, #26 */
 		set_git_dir(gitdirenv);
@@ -436,12 +679,12 @@ static const char *setup_explicit_git_dir(const char *gitdirenv,
 		else {
 			char *core_worktree;
 			if (chdir(gitdirenv))
-				die_errno("Could not chdir to '%s'", gitdirenv);
+				die_errno(_("cannot chdir to '%s'"), gitdirenv);
 			if (chdir(git_work_tree_cfg))
-				die_errno("Could not chdir to '%s'", git_work_tree_cfg);
+				die_errno(_("cannot chdir to '%s'"), git_work_tree_cfg);
 			core_worktree = xgetcwd();
 			if (chdir(cwd->buf))
-				die_errno("Could not come back to cwd");
+				die_errno(_("cannot come back to cwd"));
 			set_git_work_tree(core_worktree);
 			free(core_worktree);
 		}
@@ -469,7 +712,7 @@ static const char *setup_explicit_git_dir(const char *gitdirenv,
 	if (offset >= 0) {	/* cwd inside worktree? */
 		set_git_dir(real_path(gitdirenv));
 		if (chdir(worktree))
-			die_errno("Could not chdir to '%s'", worktree);
+			die_errno(_("cannot chdir to '%s'"), worktree);
 		strbuf_addch(cwd, '/');
 		free(gitfile);
 		return cwd->buf + offset;
@@ -483,25 +726,31 @@ static const char *setup_explicit_git_dir(const char *gitdirenv,
 
 static const char *setup_discovered_git_dir(const char *gitdir,
 					    struct strbuf *cwd, int offset,
+					    struct repository_format *repo_fmt,
 					    int *nongit_ok)
 {
-	if (check_repository_format_gently(gitdir, nongit_ok))
+	if (check_repository_format_gently(gitdir, repo_fmt, nongit_ok))
 		return NULL;
 
 	/* --work-tree is set without --git-dir; use discovered one */
 	if (getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT) || git_work_tree_cfg) {
+		char *to_free = NULL;
+		const char *ret;
+
 		if (offset != cwd->len && !is_absolute_path(gitdir))
-			gitdir = xstrdup(real_path(gitdir));
+			gitdir = to_free = real_pathdup(gitdir, 1);
 		if (chdir(cwd->buf))
-			die_errno("Could not come back to cwd");
-		return setup_explicit_git_dir(gitdir, cwd, nongit_ok);
+			die_errno(_("cannot come back to cwd"));
+		ret = setup_explicit_git_dir(gitdir, cwd, repo_fmt, nongit_ok);
+		free(to_free);
+		return ret;
 	}
 
 	/* #16.2, #17.2, #20.2, #21.2, #24, #25, #28, #29 (see t1510) */
 	if (is_bare_repository_cfg > 0) {
 		set_git_dir(offset == cwd->len ? gitdir : real_path(gitdir));
 		if (chdir(cwd->buf))
-			die_errno("Could not come back to cwd");
+			die_errno(_("cannot come back to cwd"));
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
@@ -514,38 +763,41 @@ static const char *setup_discovered_git_dir(const char *gitdir,
 	if (offset == cwd->len)
 		return NULL;
 
-	/* Make "offset" point to past the '/', and add a '/' at the end */
-	offset++;
+	/* Make "offset" point past the '/' (already the case for root dirs) */
+	if (offset != offset_1st_component(cwd->buf))
+		offset++;
+	/* Add a '/' at the end */
 	strbuf_addch(cwd, '/');
 	return cwd->buf + offset;
 }
 
 /* #16.1, #17.1, #20.1, #21.1, #22.1 (see t1510) */
 static const char *setup_bare_git_dir(struct strbuf *cwd, int offset,
+				      struct repository_format *repo_fmt,
 				      int *nongit_ok)
 {
 	int root_len;
 
-	if (check_repository_format_gently(".", nongit_ok))
+	if (check_repository_format_gently(".", repo_fmt, nongit_ok))
 		return NULL;
 
 	setenv(GIT_IMPLICIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, "0", 1);
 
 	/* --work-tree is set without --git-dir; use discovered one */
 	if (getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT) || git_work_tree_cfg) {
-		const char *gitdir;
+		static const char *gitdir;
 
 		gitdir = offset == cwd->len ? "." : xmemdupz(cwd->buf, offset);
 		if (chdir(cwd->buf))
-			die_errno("Could not come back to cwd");
-		return setup_explicit_git_dir(gitdir, cwd, nongit_ok);
+			die_errno(_("cannot come back to cwd"));
+		return setup_explicit_git_dir(gitdir, cwd, repo_fmt, nongit_ok);
 	}
 
 	inside_git_dir = 1;
 	inside_work_tree = 0;
 	if (offset != cwd->len) {
 		if (chdir(cwd->buf))
-			die_errno("Cannot come back to cwd");
+			die_errno(_("cannot come back to cwd"));
 		root_len = offset_1st_component(cwd->buf);
 		strbuf_setlen(cwd, offset > root_len ? offset : root_len);
 		set_git_dir(cwd->buf);
@@ -558,9 +810,9 @@ static const char *setup_bare_git_dir(struct strbuf *cwd, int offset,
 static const char *setup_nongit(const char *cwd, int *nongit_ok)
 {
 	if (!nongit_ok)
-		die("Not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): %s", DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+		die(_("not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): %s"), DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
 	if (chdir(cwd))
-		die_errno("Cannot come back to cwd");
+		die_errno(_("cannot come back to cwd"));
 	*nongit_ok = 1;
 	return NULL;
 }
@@ -569,7 +821,7 @@ static dev_t get_device_or_die(const char *path, const char *prefix, int prefix_
 {
 	struct stat buf;
 	if (stat(path, &buf)) {
-		die_errno("failed to stat '%*s%s%s'",
+		die_errno(_("failed to stat '%*s%s%s'"),
 				prefix_len,
 				prefix ? prefix : "",
 				prefix ? "/" : "", path);
@@ -599,59 +851,61 @@ static int canonicalize_ceiling_entry(struct string_list_item *item,
 		/* Keep entry but do not canonicalize it */
 		return 1;
 	} else {
-		const char *real_path = real_path_if_valid(ceil);
-		if (!real_path)
+		char *real_path = real_pathdup(ceil, 0);
+		if (!real_path) {
 			return 0;
+		}
 		free(item->string);
-		item->string = xstrdup(real_path);
+		item->string = real_path;
 		return 1;
 	}
 }
 
+enum discovery_result {
+	GIT_DIR_NONE = 0,
+	GIT_DIR_EXPLICIT,
+	GIT_DIR_DISCOVERED,
+	GIT_DIR_BARE,
+	/* these are errors */
+	GIT_DIR_HIT_CEILING = -1,
+	GIT_DIR_HIT_MOUNT_POINT = -2,
+	GIT_DIR_INVALID_GITFILE = -3
+};
+
 /*
  * We cannot decide in this function whether we are in the work tree or
  * not, since the config can only be read _after_ this function was called.
+ *
+ * Also, we avoid changing any global state (such as the current working
+ * directory) to allow early callers.
+ *
+ * The directory where the search should start needs to be passed in via the
+ * `dir` parameter; upon return, the `dir` buffer will contain the path of
+ * the directory where the search ended, and `gitdir` will contain the path of
+ * the discovered .git/ directory, if any. If `gitdir` is not absolute, it
+ * is relative to `dir` (i.e. *not* necessarily the cwd).
  */
-static const char *setup_git_directory_gently_1(int *nongit_ok)
+static enum discovery_result setup_git_directory_gently_1(struct strbuf *dir,
+							  struct strbuf *gitdir,
+							  int die_on_error)
 {
 	const char *env_ceiling_dirs = getenv(CEILING_DIRECTORIES_ENVIRONMENT);
 	struct string_list ceiling_dirs = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
-	static struct strbuf cwd = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *gitdirenv, *ret;
-	char *gitfile;
-	int offset, offset_parent, ceil_offset = -1;
+	const char *gitdirenv;
+	int ceil_offset = -1, min_offset = has_dos_drive_prefix(dir->buf) ? 3 : 1;
 	dev_t current_device = 0;
 	int one_filesystem = 1;
 
 	/*
-	 * We may have read an incomplete configuration before
-	 * setting-up the git directory. If so, clear the cache so
-	 * that the next queries to the configuration reload complete
-	 * configuration (including the per-repo config file that we
-	 * ignored previously).
-	 */
-	git_config_clear();
-
-	/*
-	 * Let's assume that we are in a git repository.
-	 * If it turns out later that we are somewhere else, the value will be
-	 * updated accordingly.
-	 */
-	if (nongit_ok)
-		*nongit_ok = 0;
-
-	if (strbuf_getcwd(&cwd))
-		die_errno("Unable to read current working directory");
-	offset = cwd.len;
-
-	/*
 	 * If GIT_DIR is set explicitly, we're not going
 	 * to do any discovery, but we still do repository
 	 * validation.
 	 */
 	gitdirenv = getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
-	if (gitdirenv)
-		return setup_explicit_git_dir(gitdirenv, &cwd, nongit_ok);
+	if (gitdirenv) {
+		strbuf_addstr(gitdir, gitdirenv);
+		return GIT_DIR_EXPLICIT;
+	}
 
 	if (env_ceiling_dirs) {
 		int empty_entry_found = 0;
@@ -659,90 +913,215 @@ static const char *setup_git_directory_gently_1(int *nongit_ok)
 		string_list_split(&ceiling_dirs, env_ceiling_dirs, PATH_SEP, -1);
 		filter_string_list(&ceiling_dirs, 0,
 				   canonicalize_ceiling_entry, &empty_entry_found);
-		ceil_offset = longest_ancestor_length(cwd.buf, &ceiling_dirs);
+		ceil_offset = longest_ancestor_length(dir->buf, &ceiling_dirs);
 		string_list_clear(&ceiling_dirs, 0);
 	}
 
-	if (ceil_offset < 0 && has_dos_drive_prefix(cwd.buf))
-		ceil_offset = 1;
+	if (ceil_offset < 0)
+		ceil_offset = min_offset - 2;
 
 	/*
-	 * Test in the following order (relative to the cwd):
+	 * Test in the following order (relative to the dir):
 	 * - .git (file containing "gitdir: <path>")
 	 * - .git/
 	 * - ./ (bare)
 	 * - ../.git
 	 * - ../.git/
 	 * - ../ (bare)
-	 * - ../../.git/
+	 * - ../../.git
 	 *   etc.
 	 */
 	one_filesystem = !git_env_bool("GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM", 0);
 	if (one_filesystem)
-		current_device = get_device_or_die(".", NULL, 0);
+		current_device = get_device_or_die(dir->buf, NULL, 0);
 	for (;;) {
-		gitfile = (char*)read_gitfile(DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
-		if (gitfile)
-			gitdirenv = gitfile = xstrdup(gitfile);
-		else {
-			if (is_git_directory(DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT))
-				gitdirenv = DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT;
+		int offset = dir->len, error_code = 0;
+
+		if (offset > min_offset)
+			strbuf_addch(dir, '/');
+		strbuf_addstr(dir, DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+		gitdirenv = read_gitfile_gently(dir->buf, die_on_error ?
+						NULL : &error_code);
+		if (!gitdirenv) {
+			if (die_on_error ||
+			    error_code == READ_GITFILE_ERR_NOT_A_FILE) {
+				/* NEEDSWORK: fail if .git is not file nor dir */
+				if (is_git_directory(dir->buf))
+					gitdirenv = DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT;
+			} else if (error_code != READ_GITFILE_ERR_STAT_FAILED)
+				return GIT_DIR_INVALID_GITFILE;
 		}
-
+		strbuf_setlen(dir, offset);
 		if (gitdirenv) {
-			ret = setup_discovered_git_dir(gitdirenv,
-						       &cwd, offset,
-						       nongit_ok);
-			free(gitfile);
-			return ret;
+			strbuf_addstr(gitdir, gitdirenv);
+			return GIT_DIR_DISCOVERED;
 		}
-		free(gitfile);
 
-		if (is_git_directory("."))
-			return setup_bare_git_dir(&cwd, offset, nongit_ok);
-
-		offset_parent = offset;
-		while (--offset_parent > ceil_offset && cwd.buf[offset_parent] != '/');
-		if (offset_parent <= ceil_offset)
-			return setup_nongit(cwd.buf, nongit_ok);
-		if (one_filesystem) {
-			dev_t parent_device = get_device_or_die("..", cwd.buf,
-								offset);
-			if (parent_device != current_device) {
-				if (nongit_ok) {
-					if (chdir(cwd.buf))
-						die_errno("Cannot come back to cwd");
-					*nongit_ok = 1;
-					return NULL;
-				}
-				strbuf_setlen(&cwd, offset);
-				die("Not a git repository (or any parent up to mount point %s)\n"
-				"Stopping at filesystem boundary (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM not set).",
-				    cwd.buf);
-			}
-		}
-		if (chdir("..")) {
-			strbuf_setlen(&cwd, offset);
-			die_errno("Cannot change to '%s/..'", cwd.buf);
+		if (is_git_directory(dir->buf)) {
+			strbuf_addstr(gitdir, ".");
+			return GIT_DIR_BARE;
 		}
-		offset = offset_parent;
+
+		if (offset <= min_offset)
+			return GIT_DIR_HIT_CEILING;
+
+		while (--offset > ceil_offset && !is_dir_sep(dir->buf[offset]))
+			; /* continue */
+		if (offset <= ceil_offset)
+			return GIT_DIR_HIT_CEILING;
+
+		strbuf_setlen(dir, offset > min_offset ?  offset : min_offset);
+		if (one_filesystem &&
+		    current_device != get_device_or_die(dir->buf, NULL, offset))
+			return GIT_DIR_HIT_MOUNT_POINT;
 	}
 }
 
+int discover_git_directory(struct strbuf *commondir,
+			   struct strbuf *gitdir)
+{
+	struct strbuf dir = STRBUF_INIT, err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t gitdir_offset = gitdir->len, cwd_len;
+	size_t commondir_offset = commondir->len;
+	struct repository_format candidate;
+
+	if (strbuf_getcwd(&dir))
+		return -1;
+
+	cwd_len = dir.len;
+	if (setup_git_directory_gently_1(&dir, gitdir, 0) <= 0) {
+		strbuf_release(&dir);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * The returned gitdir is relative to dir, and if dir does not reflect
+	 * the current working directory, we simply make the gitdir absolute.
+	 */
+	if (dir.len < cwd_len && !is_absolute_path(gitdir->buf + gitdir_offset)) {
+		/* Avoid a trailing "/." */
+		if (!strcmp(".", gitdir->buf + gitdir_offset))
+			strbuf_setlen(gitdir, gitdir_offset);
+		else
+			strbuf_addch(&dir, '/');
+		strbuf_insert(gitdir, gitdir_offset, dir.buf, dir.len);
+	}
+
+	get_common_dir(commondir, gitdir->buf + gitdir_offset);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&dir);
+	strbuf_addf(&dir, "%s/config", commondir->buf + commondir_offset);
+	read_repository_format(&candidate, dir.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&dir);
+
+	if (verify_repository_format(&candidate, &err) < 0) {
+		warning("ignoring git dir '%s': %s",
+			gitdir->buf + gitdir_offset, err.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&err);
+		strbuf_setlen(commondir, commondir_offset);
+		strbuf_setlen(gitdir, gitdir_offset);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 const char *setup_git_directory_gently(int *nongit_ok)
 {
+	static struct strbuf cwd = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf dir = STRBUF_INIT, gitdir = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *prefix;
+	struct repository_format repo_fmt;
+
+	/*
+	 * We may have read an incomplete configuration before
+	 * setting-up the git directory. If so, clear the cache so
+	 * that the next queries to the configuration reload complete
+	 * configuration (including the per-repo config file that we
+	 * ignored previously).
+	 */
+	git_config_clear();
+
+	/*
+	 * Let's assume that we are in a git repository.
+	 * If it turns out later that we are somewhere else, the value will be
+	 * updated accordingly.
+	 */
+	if (nongit_ok)
+		*nongit_ok = 0;
+
+	if (strbuf_getcwd(&cwd))
+		die_errno(_("Unable to read current working directory"));
+	strbuf_addbuf(&dir, &cwd);
+
+	switch (setup_git_directory_gently_1(&dir, &gitdir, 1)) {
+	case GIT_DIR_NONE:
+		prefix = NULL;
+		break;
+	case GIT_DIR_EXPLICIT:
+		prefix = setup_explicit_git_dir(gitdir.buf, &cwd, &repo_fmt, nongit_ok);
+		break;
+	case GIT_DIR_DISCOVERED:
+		if (dir.len < cwd.len && chdir(dir.buf))
+			die(_("cannot change to '%s'"), dir.buf);
+		prefix = setup_discovered_git_dir(gitdir.buf, &cwd, dir.len,
+						  &repo_fmt, nongit_ok);
+		break;
+	case GIT_DIR_BARE:
+		if (dir.len < cwd.len && chdir(dir.buf))
+			die(_("cannot change to '%s'"), dir.buf);
+		prefix = setup_bare_git_dir(&cwd, dir.len, &repo_fmt, nongit_ok);
+		break;
+	case GIT_DIR_HIT_CEILING:
+		prefix = setup_nongit(cwd.buf, nongit_ok);
+		break;
+	case GIT_DIR_HIT_MOUNT_POINT:
+		if (nongit_ok) {
+			*nongit_ok = 1;
+			strbuf_release(&cwd);
+			strbuf_release(&dir);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		die(_("not a git repository (or any parent up to mount point %s)\n"
+		      "Stopping at filesystem boundary (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM not set)."),
+		    dir.buf);
+	default:
+		BUG("unhandled setup_git_directory_1() result");
+	}
 
-	prefix = setup_git_directory_gently_1(nongit_ok);
 	if (prefix)
 		setenv(GIT_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT, prefix, 1);
 	else
 		setenv(GIT_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT, "", 1);
 
-	if (startup_info) {
-		startup_info->have_repository = !nongit_ok || !*nongit_ok;
-		startup_info->prefix = prefix;
+	startup_info->have_repository = !nongit_ok || !*nongit_ok;
+	startup_info->prefix = prefix;
+
+	/*
+	 * Not all paths through the setup code will call 'set_git_dir()' (which
+	 * directly sets up the environment) so in order to guarantee that the
+	 * environment is in a consistent state after setup, explicitly setup
+	 * the environment if we have a repository.
+	 *
+	 * NEEDSWORK: currently we allow bogus GIT_DIR values to be set in some
+	 * code paths so we also need to explicitly setup the environment if
+	 * the user has set GIT_DIR.  It may be beneficial to disallow bogus
+	 * GIT_DIR values at some point in the future.
+	 */
+	if (startup_info->have_repository || getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT)) {
+		if (!the_repository->gitdir) {
+			const char *gitdir = getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+			if (!gitdir)
+				gitdir = DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT;
+			setup_git_env(gitdir);
+		}
+		if (startup_info->have_repository)
+			repo_set_hash_algo(the_repository, repo_fmt.hash_algo);
 	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&dir);
+	strbuf_release(&gitdir);
+
 	return prefix;
 }
 
@@ -786,9 +1165,9 @@ int git_config_perm(const char *var, const char *value)
 	/* A filemode value was given: 0xxx */
 
 	if ((i & 0600) != 0600)
-		die("Problem with core.sharedRepository filemode value "
+		die(_("problem with core.sharedRepository filemode value "
 		    "(0%.3o).\nThe owner of files must always have "
-		    "read and write permissions.", i);
+		    "read and write permissions."), i);
 
 	/*
 	 * Mask filemode value. Others can not get write permission.
@@ -797,29 +1176,11 @@ int git_config_perm(const char *var, const char *value)
 	return -(i & 0666);
 }
 
-int check_repository_format_version(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
-{
-	if (strcmp(var, "core.repositoryformatversion") == 0)
-		repository_format_version = git_config_int(var, value);
-	else if (strcmp(var, "core.sharedrepository") == 0)
-		shared_repository = git_config_perm(var, value);
-	else if (strcmp(var, "core.bare") == 0) {
-		is_bare_repository_cfg = git_config_bool(var, value);
-		if (is_bare_repository_cfg == 1)
-			inside_work_tree = -1;
-	} else if (strcmp(var, "core.worktree") == 0) {
-		if (!value)
-			return config_error_nonbool(var);
-		free(git_work_tree_cfg);
-		git_work_tree_cfg = xstrdup(value);
-		inside_work_tree = -1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int check_repository_format(void)
+void check_repository_format(void)
 {
-	return check_repository_format_gently(get_git_dir(), NULL);
+	struct repository_format repo_fmt;
+	check_repository_format_gently(get_git_dir(), &repo_fmt, NULL);
+	startup_info->have_repository = 1;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -833,11 +1194,11 @@ const char *setup_git_directory(void)
 	return setup_git_directory_gently(NULL);
 }
 
-const char *resolve_gitdir(const char *suspect)
+const char *resolve_gitdir_gently(const char *suspect, int *return_error_code)
 {
 	if (is_git_directory(suspect))
 		return suspect;
-	return read_gitfile(suspect);
+	return read_gitfile_gently(suspect, return_error_code);
 }
 
 /* if any standard file descriptor is missing open it to /dev/null */
@@ -847,7 +1208,7 @@ void sanitize_stdfds(void)
 	while (fd != -1 && fd < 2)
 		fd = dup(fd);
 	if (fd == -1)
-		die_errno("open /dev/null or dup failed");
+		die_errno(_("open /dev/null or dup failed"));
 	if (fd > 2)
 		close(fd);
 }
@@ -862,12 +1223,12 @@ int daemonize(void)
 		case 0:
 			break;
 		case -1:
-			die_errno("fork failed");
+			die_errno(_("fork failed"));
 		default:
 			exit(0);
 	}
 	if (setsid() == -1)
-		die_errno("setsid failed");
+		die_errno(_("setsid failed"));
 	close(0);
 	close(1);
 	close(2);
diff --git a/sh-i18n--envsubst.c b/sh-i18n--envsubst.c
index 2842a22d7f..09c6b445b9 100644
--- a/sh-i18n--envsubst.c
+++ b/sh-i18n--envsubst.c
@@ -30,8 +30,7 @@
    GNU General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
-   Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.  */
+   along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
 
 /* closeout.c - close standard output and standard error
    Copyright (C) 1998-2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -47,8 +46,7 @@
    GNU General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
-   Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.  */
+   along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
 
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
@@ -64,7 +62,7 @@ static void note_variables (const char *string);
 static void subst_from_stdin (void);
 
 int
-main (int argc, char *argv[])
+cmd_main (int argc, const char *argv[])
 {
   /* Default values for command line options.  */
   /* unsigned short int show_variables = 0; */
@@ -230,8 +228,7 @@ cmp_string (const void *pstr1, const void *pstr2)
 static inline void
 string_list_sort (string_list_ty *slp)
 {
-  if (slp->nitems > 0)
-    qsort (slp->item, slp->nitems, sizeof (slp->item[0]), cmp_string);
+  QSORT(slp->item, slp->nitems, cmp_string);
 }
 
 /* Test whether a sorted string list contains a given string.  */
diff --git a/sha1-array.c b/sha1-array.c
index 6f4a2246c9..265941fbf4 100644
--- a/sha1-array.c
+++ b/sha1-array.c
@@ -2,58 +2,78 @@
 #include "sha1-array.h"
 #include "sha1-lookup.h"
 
-void sha1_array_append(struct sha1_array *array, const unsigned char *sha1)
+void oid_array_append(struct oid_array *array, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	ALLOC_GROW(array->sha1, array->nr + 1, array->alloc);
-	hashcpy(array->sha1[array->nr++], sha1);
+	ALLOC_GROW(array->oid, array->nr + 1, array->alloc);
+	oidcpy(&array->oid[array->nr++], oid);
 	array->sorted = 0;
 }
 
 static int void_hashcmp(const void *a, const void *b)
 {
-	return hashcmp(a, b);
+	return oidcmp(a, b);
 }
 
-static void sha1_array_sort(struct sha1_array *array)
+static void oid_array_sort(struct oid_array *array)
 {
-	qsort(array->sha1, array->nr, sizeof(*array->sha1), void_hashcmp);
+	QSORT(array->oid, array->nr, void_hashcmp);
 	array->sorted = 1;
 }
 
 static const unsigned char *sha1_access(size_t index, void *table)
 {
-	unsigned char (*array)[20] = table;
-	return array[index];
+	struct object_id *array = table;
+	return array[index].hash;
 }
 
-int sha1_array_lookup(struct sha1_array *array, const unsigned char *sha1)
+int oid_array_lookup(struct oid_array *array, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	if (!array->sorted)
-		sha1_array_sort(array);
-	return sha1_pos(sha1, array->sha1, array->nr, sha1_access);
+		oid_array_sort(array);
+	return sha1_pos(oid->hash, array->oid, array->nr, sha1_access);
 }
 
-void sha1_array_clear(struct sha1_array *array)
+void oid_array_clear(struct oid_array *array)
 {
-	free(array->sha1);
-	array->sha1 = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(array->oid);
 	array->nr = 0;
 	array->alloc = 0;
 	array->sorted = 0;
 }
 
-void sha1_array_for_each_unique(struct sha1_array *array,
-				for_each_sha1_fn fn,
-				void *data)
+
+int oid_array_for_each(struct oid_array *array,
+		       for_each_oid_fn fn,
+		       void *data)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/* No oid_array_sort() here! See the api-oid-array.txt docs! */
+
+	for (i = 0; i < array->nr; i++) {
+		int ret = fn(array->oid + i, data);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int oid_array_for_each_unique(struct oid_array *array,
+			      for_each_oid_fn fn,
+			      void *data)
 {
 	int i;
 
 	if (!array->sorted)
-		sha1_array_sort(array);
+		oid_array_sort(array);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < array->nr; i++) {
-		if (i > 0 && !hashcmp(array->sha1[i], array->sha1[i-1]))
+		int ret;
+		if (i > 0 && !oidcmp(array->oid + i, array->oid + i - 1))
 			continue;
-		fn(array->sha1[i], data);
+		ret = fn(array->oid + i, data);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
 	}
+	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/sha1-array.h b/sha1-array.h
index 72bb33bec6..232bf95017 100644
--- a/sha1-array.h
+++ b/sha1-array.h
@@ -1,23 +1,26 @@
 #ifndef SHA1_ARRAY_H
 #define SHA1_ARRAY_H
 
-struct sha1_array {
-	unsigned char (*sha1)[20];
+struct oid_array {
+	struct object_id *oid;
 	int nr;
 	int alloc;
 	int sorted;
 };
 
-#define SHA1_ARRAY_INIT { NULL, 0, 0, 0 }
+#define OID_ARRAY_INIT { NULL, 0, 0, 0 }
 
-void sha1_array_append(struct sha1_array *array, const unsigned char *sha1);
-int sha1_array_lookup(struct sha1_array *array, const unsigned char *sha1);
-void sha1_array_clear(struct sha1_array *array);
+void oid_array_append(struct oid_array *array, const struct object_id *oid);
+int oid_array_lookup(struct oid_array *array, const struct object_id *oid);
+void oid_array_clear(struct oid_array *array);
 
-typedef void (*for_each_sha1_fn)(const unsigned char sha1[20],
-				 void *data);
-void sha1_array_for_each_unique(struct sha1_array *array,
-				for_each_sha1_fn fn,
-				void *data);
+typedef int (*for_each_oid_fn)(const struct object_id *oid,
+			       void *data);
+int oid_array_for_each(struct oid_array *array,
+		       for_each_oid_fn fn,
+		       void *data);
+int oid_array_for_each_unique(struct oid_array *array,
+			      for_each_oid_fn fn,
+			      void *data);
 
 #endif /* SHA1_ARRAY_H */
diff --git a/sha1-file.c b/sha1-file.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..97b7423848
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sha1-file.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2282 @@
+/*
+ * GIT - The information manager from hell
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
+ *
+ * This handles basic git sha1 object files - packing, unpacking,
+ * creation etc.
+ */
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "lockfile.h"
+#include "delta.h"
+#include "pack.h"
+#include "blob.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "pack-revindex.h"
+#include "sha1-lookup.h"
+#include "bulk-checkin.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "replace-object.h"
+#include "streaming.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "list.h"
+#include "mergesort.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "fetch-object.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+
+/* The maximum size for an object header. */
+#define MAX_HEADER_LEN 32
+
+
+#define EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN_LITERAL \
+	 "\x4b\x82\x5d\xc6\x42\xcb\x6e\xb9\xa0\x60" \
+	 "\xe5\x4b\xf8\xd6\x92\x88\xfb\xee\x49\x04"
+
+#define EMPTY_BLOB_SHA1_BIN_LITERAL \
+	"\xe6\x9d\xe2\x9b\xb2\xd1\xd6\x43\x4b\x8b" \
+	"\x29\xae\x77\x5a\xd8\xc2\xe4\x8c\x53\x91"
+
+const unsigned char null_sha1[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
+const struct object_id null_oid;
+static const struct object_id empty_tree_oid = {
+	EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN_LITERAL
+};
+static const struct object_id empty_blob_oid = {
+	EMPTY_BLOB_SHA1_BIN_LITERAL
+};
+
+static void git_hash_sha1_init(git_hash_ctx *ctx)
+{
+	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx->sha1);
+}
+
+static void git_hash_sha1_update(git_hash_ctx *ctx, const void *data, size_t len)
+{
+	git_SHA1_Update(&ctx->sha1, data, len);
+}
+
+static void git_hash_sha1_final(unsigned char *hash, git_hash_ctx *ctx)
+{
+	git_SHA1_Final(hash, &ctx->sha1);
+}
+
+static void git_hash_unknown_init(git_hash_ctx *ctx)
+{
+	BUG("trying to init unknown hash");
+}
+
+static void git_hash_unknown_update(git_hash_ctx *ctx, const void *data, size_t len)
+{
+	BUG("trying to update unknown hash");
+}
+
+static void git_hash_unknown_final(unsigned char *hash, git_hash_ctx *ctx)
+{
+	BUG("trying to finalize unknown hash");
+}
+
+const struct git_hash_algo hash_algos[GIT_HASH_NALGOS] = {
+	{
+		NULL,
+		0x00000000,
+		0,
+		0,
+		git_hash_unknown_init,
+		git_hash_unknown_update,
+		git_hash_unknown_final,
+		NULL,
+		NULL,
+	},
+	{
+		"sha-1",
+		/* "sha1", big-endian */
+		0x73686131,
+		GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ,
+		GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ,
+		git_hash_sha1_init,
+		git_hash_sha1_update,
+		git_hash_sha1_final,
+		&empty_tree_oid,
+		&empty_blob_oid,
+	},
+};
+
+const char *empty_tree_oid_hex(void)
+{
+	static char buf[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
+	return oid_to_hex_r(buf, the_hash_algo->empty_tree);
+}
+
+const char *empty_blob_oid_hex(void)
+{
+	static char buf[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
+	return oid_to_hex_r(buf, the_hash_algo->empty_blob);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is meant to hold a *small* number of objects that you would
+ * want read_sha1_file() to be able to return, but yet you do not want
+ * to write them into the object store (e.g. a browse-only
+ * application).
+ */
+static struct cached_object {
+	struct object_id oid;
+	enum object_type type;
+	void *buf;
+	unsigned long size;
+} *cached_objects;
+static int cached_object_nr, cached_object_alloc;
+
+static struct cached_object empty_tree = {
+	{ EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN_LITERAL },
+	OBJ_TREE,
+	"",
+	0
+};
+
+static struct cached_object *find_cached_object(const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct cached_object *co = cached_objects;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < cached_object_nr; i++, co++) {
+		if (!oidcmp(&co->oid, oid))
+			return co;
+	}
+	if (!oidcmp(oid, the_hash_algo->empty_tree))
+		return &empty_tree;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+
+static int get_conv_flags(unsigned flags)
+{
+	if (flags & HASH_RENORMALIZE)
+		return CONV_EOL_RENORMALIZE;
+	else if (flags & HASH_WRITE_OBJECT)
+		return global_conv_flags_eol | CONV_WRITE_OBJECT;
+	else
+		return 0;
+}
+
+
+int mkdir_in_gitdir(const char *path)
+{
+	if (mkdir(path, 0777)) {
+		int saved_errno = errno;
+		struct stat st;
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (errno != EEXIST)
+			return -1;
+		/*
+		 * Are we looking at a path in a symlinked worktree
+		 * whose original repository does not yet have it?
+		 * e.g. .git/rr-cache pointing at its original
+		 * repository in which the user hasn't performed any
+		 * conflict resolution yet?
+		 */
+		if (lstat(path, &st) || !S_ISLNK(st.st_mode) ||
+		    strbuf_readlink(&sb, path, st.st_size) ||
+		    !is_absolute_path(sb.buf) ||
+		    mkdir(sb.buf, 0777)) {
+			strbuf_release(&sb);
+			errno = saved_errno;
+			return -1;
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+	}
+	return adjust_shared_perm(path);
+}
+
+enum scld_error safe_create_leading_directories(char *path)
+{
+	char *next_component = path + offset_1st_component(path);
+	enum scld_error ret = SCLD_OK;
+
+	while (ret == SCLD_OK && next_component) {
+		struct stat st;
+		char *slash = next_component, slash_character;
+
+		while (*slash && !is_dir_sep(*slash))
+			slash++;
+
+		if (!*slash)
+			break;
+
+		next_component = slash + 1;
+		while (is_dir_sep(*next_component))
+			next_component++;
+		if (!*next_component)
+			break;
+
+		slash_character = *slash;
+		*slash = '\0';
+		if (!stat(path, &st)) {
+			/* path exists */
+			if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+				errno = ENOTDIR;
+				ret = SCLD_EXISTS;
+			}
+		} else if (mkdir(path, 0777)) {
+			if (errno == EEXIST &&
+			    !stat(path, &st) && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
+				; /* somebody created it since we checked */
+			else if (errno == ENOENT)
+				/*
+				 * Either mkdir() failed because
+				 * somebody just pruned the containing
+				 * directory, or stat() failed because
+				 * the file that was in our way was
+				 * just removed.  Either way, inform
+				 * the caller that it might be worth
+				 * trying again:
+				 */
+				ret = SCLD_VANISHED;
+			else
+				ret = SCLD_FAILED;
+		} else if (adjust_shared_perm(path)) {
+			ret = SCLD_PERMS;
+		}
+		*slash = slash_character;
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+enum scld_error safe_create_leading_directories_const(const char *path)
+{
+	int save_errno;
+	/* path points to cache entries, so xstrdup before messing with it */
+	char *buf = xstrdup(path);
+	enum scld_error result = safe_create_leading_directories(buf);
+
+	save_errno = errno;
+	free(buf);
+	errno = save_errno;
+	return result;
+}
+
+int raceproof_create_file(const char *path, create_file_fn fn, void *cb)
+{
+	/*
+	 * The number of times we will try to remove empty directories
+	 * in the way of path. This is only 1 because if another
+	 * process is racily creating directories that conflict with
+	 * us, we don't want to fight against them.
+	 */
+	int remove_directories_remaining = 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * The number of times that we will try to create the
+	 * directories containing path. We are willing to attempt this
+	 * more than once, because another process could be trying to
+	 * clean up empty directories at the same time as we are
+	 * trying to create them.
+	 */
+	int create_directories_remaining = 3;
+
+	/* A scratch copy of path, filled lazily if we need it: */
+	struct strbuf path_copy = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	int ret, save_errno;
+
+	/* Sanity check: */
+	assert(*path);
+
+retry_fn:
+	ret = fn(path, cb);
+	save_errno = errno;
+	if (!ret)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (errno == EISDIR && remove_directories_remaining-- > 0) {
+		/*
+		 * A directory is in the way. Maybe it is empty; try
+		 * to remove it:
+		 */
+		if (!path_copy.len)
+			strbuf_addstr(&path_copy, path);
+
+		if (!remove_dir_recursively(&path_copy, REMOVE_DIR_EMPTY_ONLY))
+			goto retry_fn;
+	} else if (errno == ENOENT && create_directories_remaining-- > 0) {
+		/*
+		 * Maybe the containing directory didn't exist, or
+		 * maybe it was just deleted by a process that is
+		 * racing with us to clean up empty directories. Try
+		 * to create it:
+		 */
+		enum scld_error scld_result;
+
+		if (!path_copy.len)
+			strbuf_addstr(&path_copy, path);
+
+		do {
+			scld_result = safe_create_leading_directories(path_copy.buf);
+			if (scld_result == SCLD_OK)
+				goto retry_fn;
+		} while (scld_result == SCLD_VANISHED && create_directories_remaining-- > 0);
+	}
+
+out:
+	strbuf_release(&path_copy);
+	errno = save_errno;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void fill_sha1_path(struct strbuf *buf, const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < the_hash_algo->rawsz; i++) {
+		static char hex[] = "0123456789abcdef";
+		unsigned int val = sha1[i];
+		strbuf_addch(buf, hex[val >> 4]);
+		strbuf_addch(buf, hex[val & 0xf]);
+		if (!i)
+			strbuf_addch(buf, '/');
+	}
+}
+
+void sha1_file_name(struct repository *r, struct strbuf *buf, const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, r->objects->objectdir);
+	strbuf_addch(buf, '/');
+	fill_sha1_path(buf, sha1);
+}
+
+struct strbuf *alt_scratch_buf(struct alternate_object_database *alt)
+{
+	strbuf_setlen(&alt->scratch, alt->base_len);
+	return &alt->scratch;
+}
+
+static const char *alt_sha1_path(struct alternate_object_database *alt,
+				 const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct strbuf *buf = alt_scratch_buf(alt);
+	fill_sha1_path(buf, sha1);
+	return buf->buf;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return non-zero iff the path is usable as an alternate object database.
+ */
+static int alt_odb_usable(struct raw_object_store *o,
+			  struct strbuf *path,
+			  const char *normalized_objdir)
+{
+	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
+
+	/* Detect cases where alternate disappeared */
+	if (!is_directory(path->buf)) {
+		error(_("object directory %s does not exist; "
+			"check .git/objects/info/alternates"),
+		      path->buf);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Prevent the common mistake of listing the same
+	 * thing twice, or object directory itself.
+	 */
+	for (alt = o->alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
+		if (!fspathcmp(path->buf, alt->path))
+			return 0;
+	}
+	if (!fspathcmp(path->buf, normalized_objdir))
+		return 0;
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Prepare alternate object database registry.
+ *
+ * The variable alt_odb_list points at the list of struct
+ * alternate_object_database.  The elements on this list come from
+ * non-empty elements from colon separated ALTERNATE_DB_ENVIRONMENT
+ * environment variable, and $GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY/info/alternates,
+ * whose contents is similar to that environment variable but can be
+ * LF separated.  Its base points at a statically allocated buffer that
+ * contains "/the/directory/corresponding/to/.git/objects/...", while
+ * its name points just after the slash at the end of ".git/objects/"
+ * in the example above, and has enough space to hold 40-byte hex
+ * SHA1, an extra slash for the first level indirection, and the
+ * terminating NUL.
+ */
+static void read_info_alternates(struct repository *r,
+				 const char *relative_base,
+				 int depth);
+static int link_alt_odb_entry(struct repository *r, const char *entry,
+	const char *relative_base, int depth, const char *normalized_objdir)
+{
+	struct alternate_object_database *ent;
+	struct strbuf pathbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!is_absolute_path(entry) && relative_base) {
+		strbuf_realpath(&pathbuf, relative_base, 1);
+		strbuf_addch(&pathbuf, '/');
+	}
+	strbuf_addstr(&pathbuf, entry);
+
+	if (strbuf_normalize_path(&pathbuf) < 0 && relative_base) {
+		error(_("unable to normalize alternate object path: %s"),
+		      pathbuf.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&pathbuf);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * The trailing slash after the directory name is given by
+	 * this function at the end. Remove duplicates.
+	 */
+	while (pathbuf.len && pathbuf.buf[pathbuf.len - 1] == '/')
+		strbuf_setlen(&pathbuf, pathbuf.len - 1);
+
+	if (!alt_odb_usable(r->objects, &pathbuf, normalized_objdir)) {
+		strbuf_release(&pathbuf);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	ent = alloc_alt_odb(pathbuf.buf);
+
+	/* add the alternate entry */
+	*r->objects->alt_odb_tail = ent;
+	r->objects->alt_odb_tail = &(ent->next);
+	ent->next = NULL;
+
+	/* recursively add alternates */
+	read_info_alternates(r, pathbuf.buf, depth + 1);
+
+	strbuf_release(&pathbuf);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const char *parse_alt_odb_entry(const char *string,
+				       int sep,
+				       struct strbuf *out)
+{
+	const char *end;
+
+	strbuf_reset(out);
+
+	if (*string == '#') {
+		/* comment; consume up to next separator */
+		end = strchrnul(string, sep);
+	} else if (*string == '"' && !unquote_c_style(out, string, &end)) {
+		/*
+		 * quoted path; unquote_c_style has copied the
+		 * data for us and set "end". Broken quoting (e.g.,
+		 * an entry that doesn't end with a quote) falls
+		 * back to the unquoted case below.
+		 */
+	} else {
+		/* normal, unquoted path */
+		end = strchrnul(string, sep);
+		strbuf_add(out, string, end - string);
+	}
+
+	if (*end)
+		end++;
+	return end;
+}
+
+static void link_alt_odb_entries(struct repository *r, const char *alt,
+				 int sep, const char *relative_base, int depth)
+{
+	struct strbuf objdirbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf entry = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!alt || !*alt)
+		return;
+
+	if (depth > 5) {
+		error(_("%s: ignoring alternate object stores, nesting too deep"),
+				relative_base);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_add_absolute_path(&objdirbuf, r->objects->objectdir);
+	if (strbuf_normalize_path(&objdirbuf) < 0)
+		die(_("unable to normalize object directory: %s"),
+		    objdirbuf.buf);
+
+	while (*alt) {
+		alt = parse_alt_odb_entry(alt, sep, &entry);
+		if (!entry.len)
+			continue;
+		link_alt_odb_entry(r, entry.buf,
+				   relative_base, depth, objdirbuf.buf);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&entry);
+	strbuf_release(&objdirbuf);
+}
+
+static void read_info_alternates(struct repository *r,
+				 const char *relative_base,
+				 int depth)
+{
+	char *path;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	path = xstrfmt("%s/info/alternates", relative_base);
+	if (strbuf_read_file(&buf, path, 1024) < 0) {
+		warn_on_fopen_errors(path);
+		free(path);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	link_alt_odb_entries(r, buf.buf, '\n', relative_base, depth);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free(path);
+}
+
+struct alternate_object_database *alloc_alt_odb(const char *dir)
+{
+	struct alternate_object_database *ent;
+
+	FLEX_ALLOC_STR(ent, path, dir);
+	strbuf_init(&ent->scratch, 0);
+	strbuf_addf(&ent->scratch, "%s/", dir);
+	ent->base_len = ent->scratch.len;
+
+	return ent;
+}
+
+void add_to_alternates_file(const char *reference)
+{
+	struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
+	char *alts = git_pathdup("objects/info/alternates");
+	FILE *in, *out;
+	int found = 0;
+
+	hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, alts, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	out = fdopen_lock_file(&lock, "w");
+	if (!out)
+		die_errno(_("unable to fdopen alternates lockfile"));
+
+	in = fopen(alts, "r");
+	if (in) {
+		struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		while (strbuf_getline(&line, in) != EOF) {
+			if (!strcmp(reference, line.buf)) {
+				found = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+			fprintf_or_die(out, "%s\n", line.buf);
+		}
+
+		strbuf_release(&line);
+		fclose(in);
+	}
+	else if (errno != ENOENT)
+		die_errno(_("unable to read alternates file"));
+
+	if (found) {
+		rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+	} else {
+		fprintf_or_die(out, "%s\n", reference);
+		if (commit_lock_file(&lock))
+			die_errno(_("unable to move new alternates file into place"));
+		if (the_repository->objects->alt_odb_tail)
+			link_alt_odb_entries(the_repository, reference,
+					     '\n', NULL, 0);
+	}
+	free(alts);
+}
+
+void add_to_alternates_memory(const char *reference)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Make sure alternates are initialized, or else our entry may be
+	 * overwritten when they are.
+	 */
+	prepare_alt_odb(the_repository);
+
+	link_alt_odb_entries(the_repository, reference,
+			     '\n', NULL, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compute the exact path an alternate is at and returns it. In case of
+ * error NULL is returned and the human readable error is added to `err`
+ * `path` may be relative and should point to $GIT_DIR.
+ * `err` must not be null.
+ */
+char *compute_alternate_path(const char *path, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+	char *ref_git = NULL;
+	const char *repo, *ref_git_s;
+	int seen_error = 0;
+
+	ref_git_s = real_path_if_valid(path);
+	if (!ref_git_s) {
+		seen_error = 1;
+		strbuf_addf(err, _("path '%s' does not exist"), path);
+		goto out;
+	} else
+		/*
+		 * Beware: read_gitfile(), real_path() and mkpath()
+		 * return static buffer
+		 */
+		ref_git = xstrdup(ref_git_s);
+
+	repo = read_gitfile(ref_git);
+	if (!repo)
+		repo = read_gitfile(mkpath("%s/.git", ref_git));
+	if (repo) {
+		free(ref_git);
+		ref_git = xstrdup(repo);
+	}
+
+	if (!repo && is_directory(mkpath("%s/.git/objects", ref_git))) {
+		char *ref_git_git = mkpathdup("%s/.git", ref_git);
+		free(ref_git);
+		ref_git = ref_git_git;
+	} else if (!is_directory(mkpath("%s/objects", ref_git))) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+		seen_error = 1;
+		if (get_common_dir(&sb, ref_git)) {
+			strbuf_addf(err,
+				    _("reference repository '%s' as a linked "
+				      "checkout is not supported yet."),
+				    path);
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		strbuf_addf(err, _("reference repository '%s' is not a "
+					"local repository."), path);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (!access(mkpath("%s/shallow", ref_git), F_OK)) {
+		strbuf_addf(err, _("reference repository '%s' is shallow"),
+			    path);
+		seen_error = 1;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (!access(mkpath("%s/info/grafts", ref_git), F_OK)) {
+		strbuf_addf(err,
+			    _("reference repository '%s' is grafted"),
+			    path);
+		seen_error = 1;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+out:
+	if (seen_error) {
+		FREE_AND_NULL(ref_git);
+	}
+
+	return ref_git;
+}
+
+int foreach_alt_odb(alt_odb_fn fn, void *cb)
+{
+	struct alternate_object_database *ent;
+	int r = 0;
+
+	prepare_alt_odb(the_repository);
+	for (ent = the_repository->objects->alt_odb_list; ent; ent = ent->next) {
+		r = fn(ent, cb);
+		if (r)
+			break;
+	}
+	return r;
+}
+
+void prepare_alt_odb(struct repository *r)
+{
+	if (r->objects->alt_odb_tail)
+		return;
+
+	r->objects->alt_odb_tail = &r->objects->alt_odb_list;
+	link_alt_odb_entries(r, r->objects->alternate_db, PATH_SEP, NULL, 0);
+
+	read_info_alternates(r, r->objects->objectdir, 0);
+}
+
+/* Returns 1 if we have successfully freshened the file, 0 otherwise. */
+static int freshen_file(const char *fn)
+{
+	struct utimbuf t;
+	t.actime = t.modtime = time(NULL);
+	return !utime(fn, &t);
+}
+
+/*
+ * All of the check_and_freshen functions return 1 if the file exists and was
+ * freshened (if freshening was requested), 0 otherwise. If they return
+ * 0, you should not assume that it is safe to skip a write of the object (it
+ * either does not exist on disk, or has a stale mtime and may be subject to
+ * pruning).
+ */
+int check_and_freshen_file(const char *fn, int freshen)
+{
+	if (access(fn, F_OK))
+		return 0;
+	if (freshen && !freshen_file(fn))
+		return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int check_and_freshen_local(const struct object_id *oid, int freshen)
+{
+	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	sha1_file_name(the_repository, &buf, oid->hash);
+
+	return check_and_freshen_file(buf.buf, freshen);
+}
+
+static int check_and_freshen_nonlocal(const struct object_id *oid, int freshen)
+{
+	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
+	prepare_alt_odb(the_repository);
+	for (alt = the_repository->objects->alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
+		const char *path = alt_sha1_path(alt, oid->hash);
+		if (check_and_freshen_file(path, freshen))
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int check_and_freshen(const struct object_id *oid, int freshen)
+{
+	return check_and_freshen_local(oid, freshen) ||
+	       check_and_freshen_nonlocal(oid, freshen);
+}
+
+int has_loose_object_nonlocal(const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	return check_and_freshen_nonlocal(oid, 0);
+}
+
+static int has_loose_object(const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	return check_and_freshen(oid, 0);
+}
+
+static void mmap_limit_check(size_t length)
+{
+	static size_t limit = 0;
+	if (!limit) {
+		limit = git_env_ulong("GIT_MMAP_LIMIT", 0);
+		if (!limit)
+			limit = SIZE_MAX;
+	}
+	if (length > limit)
+		die(_("attempting to mmap %"PRIuMAX" over limit %"PRIuMAX),
+		    (uintmax_t)length, (uintmax_t)limit);
+}
+
+void *xmmap_gently(void *start, size_t length,
+		  int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset)
+{
+	void *ret;
+
+	mmap_limit_check(length);
+	ret = mmap(start, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
+	if (ret == MAP_FAILED) {
+		if (!length)
+			return NULL;
+		release_pack_memory(length);
+		ret = mmap(start, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void *xmmap(void *start, size_t length,
+	int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset)
+{
+	void *ret = xmmap_gently(start, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
+	if (ret == MAP_FAILED)
+		die_errno(_("mmap failed"));
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * With an in-core object data in "map", rehash it to make sure the
+ * object name actually matches "sha1" to detect object corruption.
+ * With "map" == NULL, try reading the object named with "sha1" using
+ * the streaming interface and rehash it to do the same.
+ */
+int check_object_signature(const struct object_id *oid, void *map,
+			   unsigned long size, const char *type)
+{
+	struct object_id real_oid;
+	enum object_type obj_type;
+	struct git_istream *st;
+	git_hash_ctx c;
+	char hdr[MAX_HEADER_LEN];
+	int hdrlen;
+
+	if (map) {
+		hash_object_file(map, size, type, &real_oid);
+		return oidcmp(oid, &real_oid) ? -1 : 0;
+	}
+
+	st = open_istream(oid, &obj_type, &size, NULL);
+	if (!st)
+		return -1;
+
+	/* Generate the header */
+	hdrlen = xsnprintf(hdr, sizeof(hdr), "%s %lu", type_name(obj_type), size) + 1;
+
+	/* Sha1.. */
+	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&c);
+	the_hash_algo->update_fn(&c, hdr, hdrlen);
+	for (;;) {
+		char buf[1024 * 16];
+		ssize_t readlen = read_istream(st, buf, sizeof(buf));
+
+		if (readlen < 0) {
+			close_istream(st);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		if (!readlen)
+			break;
+		the_hash_algo->update_fn(&c, buf, readlen);
+	}
+	the_hash_algo->final_fn(real_oid.hash, &c);
+	close_istream(st);
+	return oidcmp(oid, &real_oid) ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+int git_open_cloexec(const char *name, int flags)
+{
+	int fd;
+	static int o_cloexec = O_CLOEXEC;
+
+	fd = open(name, flags | o_cloexec);
+	if ((o_cloexec & O_CLOEXEC) && fd < 0 && errno == EINVAL) {
+		/* Try again w/o O_CLOEXEC: the kernel might not support it */
+		o_cloexec &= ~O_CLOEXEC;
+		fd = open(name, flags | o_cloexec);
+	}
+
+#if defined(F_GETFD) && defined(F_SETFD) && defined(FD_CLOEXEC)
+	{
+		static int fd_cloexec = FD_CLOEXEC;
+
+		if (!o_cloexec && 0 <= fd && fd_cloexec) {
+			/* Opened w/o O_CLOEXEC?  try with fcntl(2) to add it */
+			int flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD);
+			if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, flags | fd_cloexec))
+				fd_cloexec = 0;
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+	return fd;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find "sha1" as a loose object in the local repository or in an alternate.
+ * Returns 0 on success, negative on failure.
+ *
+ * The "path" out-parameter will give the path of the object we found (if any).
+ * Note that it may point to static storage and is only valid until another
+ * call to sha1_file_name(), etc.
+ */
+static int stat_sha1_file(struct repository *r, const unsigned char *sha1,
+			  struct stat *st, const char **path)
+{
+	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
+	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	sha1_file_name(r, &buf, sha1);
+	*path = buf.buf;
+
+	if (!lstat(*path, st))
+		return 0;
+
+	prepare_alt_odb(r);
+	errno = ENOENT;
+	for (alt = r->objects->alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
+		*path = alt_sha1_path(alt, sha1);
+		if (!lstat(*path, st))
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Like stat_sha1_file(), but actually open the object and return the
+ * descriptor. See the caveats on the "path" parameter above.
+ */
+static int open_sha1_file(struct repository *r,
+			  const unsigned char *sha1, const char **path)
+{
+	int fd;
+	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
+	int most_interesting_errno;
+	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	sha1_file_name(r, &buf, sha1);
+	*path = buf.buf;
+
+	fd = git_open(*path);
+	if (fd >= 0)
+		return fd;
+	most_interesting_errno = errno;
+
+	prepare_alt_odb(r);
+	for (alt = r->objects->alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
+		*path = alt_sha1_path(alt, sha1);
+		fd = git_open(*path);
+		if (fd >= 0)
+			return fd;
+		if (most_interesting_errno == ENOENT)
+			most_interesting_errno = errno;
+	}
+	errno = most_interesting_errno;
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Map the loose object at "path" if it is not NULL, or the path found by
+ * searching for a loose object named "sha1".
+ */
+static void *map_sha1_file_1(struct repository *r, const char *path,
+			     const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *size)
+{
+	void *map;
+	int fd;
+
+	if (path)
+		fd = git_open(path);
+	else
+		fd = open_sha1_file(r, sha1, &path);
+	map = NULL;
+	if (fd >= 0) {
+		struct stat st;
+
+		if (!fstat(fd, &st)) {
+			*size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
+			if (!*size) {
+				/* mmap() is forbidden on empty files */
+				error(_("object file %s is empty"), path);
+				return NULL;
+			}
+			map = xmmap(NULL, *size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
+		}
+		close(fd);
+	}
+	return map;
+}
+
+void *map_sha1_file(struct repository *r,
+		    const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *size)
+{
+	return map_sha1_file_1(r, NULL, sha1, size);
+}
+
+static int unpack_sha1_short_header(git_zstream *stream,
+				    unsigned char *map, unsigned long mapsize,
+				    void *buffer, unsigned long bufsiz)
+{
+	/* Get the data stream */
+	memset(stream, 0, sizeof(*stream));
+	stream->next_in = map;
+	stream->avail_in = mapsize;
+	stream->next_out = buffer;
+	stream->avail_out = bufsiz;
+
+	git_inflate_init(stream);
+	return git_inflate(stream, 0);
+}
+
+int unpack_sha1_header(git_zstream *stream,
+		       unsigned char *map, unsigned long mapsize,
+		       void *buffer, unsigned long bufsiz)
+{
+	int status = unpack_sha1_short_header(stream, map, mapsize,
+					      buffer, bufsiz);
+
+	if (status < Z_OK)
+		return status;
+
+	/* Make sure we have the terminating NUL */
+	if (!memchr(buffer, '\0', stream->next_out - (unsigned char *)buffer))
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int unpack_sha1_header_to_strbuf(git_zstream *stream, unsigned char *map,
+					unsigned long mapsize, void *buffer,
+					unsigned long bufsiz, struct strbuf *header)
+{
+	int status;
+
+	status = unpack_sha1_short_header(stream, map, mapsize, buffer, bufsiz);
+	if (status < Z_OK)
+		return -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check if entire header is unpacked in the first iteration.
+	 */
+	if (memchr(buffer, '\0', stream->next_out - (unsigned char *)buffer))
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * buffer[0..bufsiz] was not large enough.  Copy the partial
+	 * result out to header, and then append the result of further
+	 * reading the stream.
+	 */
+	strbuf_add(header, buffer, stream->next_out - (unsigned char *)buffer);
+	stream->next_out = buffer;
+	stream->avail_out = bufsiz;
+
+	do {
+		status = git_inflate(stream, 0);
+		strbuf_add(header, buffer, stream->next_out - (unsigned char *)buffer);
+		if (memchr(buffer, '\0', stream->next_out - (unsigned char *)buffer))
+			return 0;
+		stream->next_out = buffer;
+		stream->avail_out = bufsiz;
+	} while (status != Z_STREAM_END);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static void *unpack_sha1_rest(git_zstream *stream, void *buffer, unsigned long size, const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	int bytes = strlen(buffer) + 1;
+	unsigned char *buf = xmallocz(size);
+	unsigned long n;
+	int status = Z_OK;
+
+	n = stream->total_out - bytes;
+	if (n > size)
+		n = size;
+	memcpy(buf, (char *) buffer + bytes, n);
+	bytes = n;
+	if (bytes <= size) {
+		/*
+		 * The above condition must be (bytes <= size), not
+		 * (bytes < size).  In other words, even though we
+		 * expect no more output and set avail_out to zero,
+		 * the input zlib stream may have bytes that express
+		 * "this concludes the stream", and we *do* want to
+		 * eat that input.
+		 *
+		 * Otherwise we would not be able to test that we
+		 * consumed all the input to reach the expected size;
+		 * we also want to check that zlib tells us that all
+		 * went well with status == Z_STREAM_END at the end.
+		 */
+		stream->next_out = buf + bytes;
+		stream->avail_out = size - bytes;
+		while (status == Z_OK)
+			status = git_inflate(stream, Z_FINISH);
+	}
+	if (status == Z_STREAM_END && !stream->avail_in) {
+		git_inflate_end(stream);
+		return buf;
+	}
+
+	if (status < 0)
+		error(_("corrupt loose object '%s'"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	else if (stream->avail_in)
+		error(_("garbage at end of loose object '%s'"),
+		      sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	free(buf);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We used to just use "sscanf()", but that's actually way
+ * too permissive for what we want to check. So do an anal
+ * object header parse by hand.
+ */
+static int parse_sha1_header_extended(const char *hdr, struct object_info *oi,
+			       unsigned int flags)
+{
+	const char *type_buf = hdr;
+	unsigned long size;
+	int type, type_len = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * The type can be of any size but is followed by
+	 * a space.
+	 */
+	for (;;) {
+		char c = *hdr++;
+		if (!c)
+			return -1;
+		if (c == ' ')
+			break;
+		type_len++;
+	}
+
+	type = type_from_string_gently(type_buf, type_len, 1);
+	if (oi->type_name)
+		strbuf_add(oi->type_name, type_buf, type_len);
+	/*
+	 * Set type to 0 if its an unknown object and
+	 * we're obtaining the type using '--allow-unknown-type'
+	 * option.
+	 */
+	if ((flags & OBJECT_INFO_ALLOW_UNKNOWN_TYPE) && (type < 0))
+		type = 0;
+	else if (type < 0)
+		die(_("invalid object type"));
+	if (oi->typep)
+		*oi->typep = type;
+
+	/*
+	 * The length must follow immediately, and be in canonical
+	 * decimal format (ie "010" is not valid).
+	 */
+	size = *hdr++ - '0';
+	if (size > 9)
+		return -1;
+	if (size) {
+		for (;;) {
+			unsigned long c = *hdr - '0';
+			if (c > 9)
+				break;
+			hdr++;
+			size = size * 10 + c;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (oi->sizep)
+		*oi->sizep = size;
+
+	/*
+	 * The length must be followed by a zero byte
+	 */
+	return *hdr ? -1 : type;
+}
+
+int parse_sha1_header(const char *hdr, unsigned long *sizep)
+{
+	struct object_info oi = OBJECT_INFO_INIT;
+
+	oi.sizep = sizep;
+	return parse_sha1_header_extended(hdr, &oi, 0);
+}
+
+static int sha1_loose_object_info(struct repository *r,
+				  const unsigned char *sha1,
+				  struct object_info *oi, int flags)
+{
+	int status = 0;
+	unsigned long mapsize;
+	void *map;
+	git_zstream stream;
+	char hdr[MAX_HEADER_LEN];
+	struct strbuf hdrbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned long size_scratch;
+
+	if (oi->delta_base_sha1)
+		hashclr(oi->delta_base_sha1);
+
+	/*
+	 * If we don't care about type or size, then we don't
+	 * need to look inside the object at all. Note that we
+	 * do not optimize out the stat call, even if the
+	 * caller doesn't care about the disk-size, since our
+	 * return value implicitly indicates whether the
+	 * object even exists.
+	 */
+	if (!oi->typep && !oi->type_name && !oi->sizep && !oi->contentp) {
+		const char *path;
+		struct stat st;
+		if (stat_sha1_file(r, sha1, &st, &path) < 0)
+			return -1;
+		if (oi->disk_sizep)
+			*oi->disk_sizep = st.st_size;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	map = map_sha1_file(r, sha1, &mapsize);
+	if (!map)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (!oi->sizep)
+		oi->sizep = &size_scratch;
+
+	if (oi->disk_sizep)
+		*oi->disk_sizep = mapsize;
+	if ((flags & OBJECT_INFO_ALLOW_UNKNOWN_TYPE)) {
+		if (unpack_sha1_header_to_strbuf(&stream, map, mapsize, hdr, sizeof(hdr), &hdrbuf) < 0)
+			status = error(_("unable to unpack %s header with --allow-unknown-type"),
+				       sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	} else if (unpack_sha1_header(&stream, map, mapsize, hdr, sizeof(hdr)) < 0)
+		status = error(_("unable to unpack %s header"),
+			       sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	if (status < 0)
+		; /* Do nothing */
+	else if (hdrbuf.len) {
+		if ((status = parse_sha1_header_extended(hdrbuf.buf, oi, flags)) < 0)
+			status = error(_("unable to parse %s header with --allow-unknown-type"),
+				       sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	} else if ((status = parse_sha1_header_extended(hdr, oi, flags)) < 0)
+		status = error(_("unable to parse %s header"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+
+	if (status >= 0 && oi->contentp) {
+		*oi->contentp = unpack_sha1_rest(&stream, hdr,
+						 *oi->sizep, sha1);
+		if (!*oi->contentp) {
+			git_inflate_end(&stream);
+			status = -1;
+		}
+	} else
+		git_inflate_end(&stream);
+
+	munmap(map, mapsize);
+	if (status && oi->typep)
+		*oi->typep = status;
+	if (oi->sizep == &size_scratch)
+		oi->sizep = NULL;
+	strbuf_release(&hdrbuf);
+	oi->whence = OI_LOOSE;
+	return (status < 0) ? status : 0;
+}
+
+int fetch_if_missing = 1;
+
+int oid_object_info_extended(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid,
+			     struct object_info *oi, unsigned flags)
+{
+	static struct object_info blank_oi = OBJECT_INFO_INIT;
+	struct pack_entry e;
+	int rtype;
+	const struct object_id *real = oid;
+	int already_retried = 0;
+
+	if (flags & OBJECT_INFO_LOOKUP_REPLACE)
+		real = lookup_replace_object(r, oid);
+
+	if (is_null_oid(real))
+		return -1;
+
+	if (!oi)
+		oi = &blank_oi;
+
+	if (!(flags & OBJECT_INFO_SKIP_CACHED)) {
+		struct cached_object *co = find_cached_object(real);
+		if (co) {
+			if (oi->typep)
+				*(oi->typep) = co->type;
+			if (oi->sizep)
+				*(oi->sizep) = co->size;
+			if (oi->disk_sizep)
+				*(oi->disk_sizep) = 0;
+			if (oi->delta_base_sha1)
+				hashclr(oi->delta_base_sha1);
+			if (oi->type_name)
+				strbuf_addstr(oi->type_name, type_name(co->type));
+			if (oi->contentp)
+				*oi->contentp = xmemdupz(co->buf, co->size);
+			oi->whence = OI_CACHED;
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	while (1) {
+		if (find_pack_entry(r, real, &e))
+			break;
+
+		if (flags & OBJECT_INFO_IGNORE_LOOSE)
+			return -1;
+
+		/* Most likely it's a loose object. */
+		if (!sha1_loose_object_info(r, real->hash, oi, flags))
+			return 0;
+
+		/* Not a loose object; someone else may have just packed it. */
+		if (!(flags & OBJECT_INFO_QUICK)) {
+			reprepare_packed_git(r);
+			if (find_pack_entry(r, real, &e))
+				break;
+		}
+
+		/* Check if it is a missing object */
+		if (fetch_if_missing && repository_format_partial_clone &&
+		    !already_retried && r == the_repository) {
+			/*
+			 * TODO Investigate having fetch_object() return
+			 * TODO error/success and stopping the music here.
+			 * TODO Pass a repository struct through fetch_object,
+			 * such that arbitrary repositories work.
+			 */
+			fetch_object(repository_format_partial_clone, real->hash);
+			already_retried = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (oi == &blank_oi)
+		/*
+		 * We know that the caller doesn't actually need the
+		 * information below, so return early.
+		 */
+		return 0;
+	rtype = packed_object_info(r, e.p, e.offset, oi);
+	if (rtype < 0) {
+		mark_bad_packed_object(e.p, real->hash);
+		return oid_object_info_extended(r, real, oi, 0);
+	} else if (oi->whence == OI_PACKED) {
+		oi->u.packed.offset = e.offset;
+		oi->u.packed.pack = e.p;
+		oi->u.packed.is_delta = (rtype == OBJ_REF_DELTA ||
+					 rtype == OBJ_OFS_DELTA);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* returns enum object_type or negative */
+int oid_object_info(struct repository *r,
+		    const struct object_id *oid,
+		    unsigned long *sizep)
+{
+	enum object_type type;
+	struct object_info oi = OBJECT_INFO_INIT;
+
+	oi.typep = &type;
+	oi.sizep = sizep;
+	if (oid_object_info_extended(r, oid, &oi,
+				      OBJECT_INFO_LOOKUP_REPLACE) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	return type;
+}
+
+static void *read_object(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type,
+			 unsigned long *size)
+{
+	struct object_id oid;
+	struct object_info oi = OBJECT_INFO_INIT;
+	void *content;
+	oi.typep = type;
+	oi.sizep = size;
+	oi.contentp = &content;
+
+	hashcpy(oid.hash, sha1);
+
+	if (oid_object_info_extended(the_repository, &oid, &oi, 0) < 0)
+		return NULL;
+	return content;
+}
+
+int pretend_object_file(void *buf, unsigned long len, enum object_type type,
+			struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	struct cached_object *co;
+
+	hash_object_file(buf, len, type_name(type), oid);
+	if (has_sha1_file(oid->hash) || find_cached_object(oid))
+		return 0;
+	ALLOC_GROW(cached_objects, cached_object_nr + 1, cached_object_alloc);
+	co = &cached_objects[cached_object_nr++];
+	co->size = len;
+	co->type = type;
+	co->buf = xmalloc(len);
+	memcpy(co->buf, buf, len);
+	oidcpy(&co->oid, oid);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function dies on corrupt objects; the callers who want to
+ * deal with them should arrange to call read_object() and give error
+ * messages themselves.
+ */
+void *read_object_file_extended(const struct object_id *oid,
+				enum object_type *type,
+				unsigned long *size,
+				int lookup_replace)
+{
+	void *data;
+	const struct packed_git *p;
+	const char *path;
+	struct stat st;
+	const struct object_id *repl = lookup_replace ?
+		lookup_replace_object(the_repository, oid) : oid;
+
+	errno = 0;
+	data = read_object(repl->hash, type, size);
+	if (data)
+		return data;
+
+	if (errno && errno != ENOENT)
+		die_errno(_("failed to read object %s"), oid_to_hex(oid));
+
+	/* die if we replaced an object with one that does not exist */
+	if (repl != oid)
+		die(_("replacement %s not found for %s"),
+		    oid_to_hex(repl), oid_to_hex(oid));
+
+	if (!stat_sha1_file(the_repository, repl->hash, &st, &path))
+		die(_("loose object %s (stored in %s) is corrupt"),
+		    oid_to_hex(repl), path);
+
+	if ((p = has_packed_and_bad(repl->hash)) != NULL)
+		die(_("packed object %s (stored in %s) is corrupt"),
+		    oid_to_hex(repl), p->pack_name);
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void *read_object_with_reference(const struct object_id *oid,
+				 const char *required_type_name,
+				 unsigned long *size,
+				 struct object_id *actual_oid_return)
+{
+	enum object_type type, required_type;
+	void *buffer;
+	unsigned long isize;
+	struct object_id actual_oid;
+
+	required_type = type_from_string(required_type_name);
+	oidcpy(&actual_oid, oid);
+	while (1) {
+		int ref_length = -1;
+		const char *ref_type = NULL;
+
+		buffer = read_object_file(&actual_oid, &type, &isize);
+		if (!buffer)
+			return NULL;
+		if (type == required_type) {
+			*size = isize;
+			if (actual_oid_return)
+				oidcpy(actual_oid_return, &actual_oid);
+			return buffer;
+		}
+		/* Handle references */
+		else if (type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+			ref_type = "tree ";
+		else if (type == OBJ_TAG)
+			ref_type = "object ";
+		else {
+			free(buffer);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		ref_length = strlen(ref_type);
+
+		if (ref_length + the_hash_algo->hexsz > isize ||
+		    memcmp(buffer, ref_type, ref_length) ||
+		    get_oid_hex((char *) buffer + ref_length, &actual_oid)) {
+			free(buffer);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		free(buffer);
+		/* Now we have the ID of the referred-to object in
+		 * actual_oid.  Check again. */
+	}
+}
+
+static void write_object_file_prepare(const void *buf, unsigned long len,
+				      const char *type, struct object_id *oid,
+				      char *hdr, int *hdrlen)
+{
+	git_hash_ctx c;
+
+	/* Generate the header */
+	*hdrlen = xsnprintf(hdr, *hdrlen, "%s %lu", type, len)+1;
+
+	/* Sha1.. */
+	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&c);
+	the_hash_algo->update_fn(&c, hdr, *hdrlen);
+	the_hash_algo->update_fn(&c, buf, len);
+	the_hash_algo->final_fn(oid->hash, &c);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Move the just written object into its final resting place.
+ */
+int finalize_object_file(const char *tmpfile, const char *filename)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (object_creation_mode == OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES)
+		goto try_rename;
+	else if (link(tmpfile, filename))
+		ret = errno;
+
+	/*
+	 * Coda hack - coda doesn't like cross-directory links,
+	 * so we fall back to a rename, which will mean that it
+	 * won't be able to check collisions, but that's not a
+	 * big deal.
+	 *
+	 * The same holds for FAT formatted media.
+	 *
+	 * When this succeeds, we just return.  We have nothing
+	 * left to unlink.
+	 */
+	if (ret && ret != EEXIST) {
+	try_rename:
+		if (!rename(tmpfile, filename))
+			goto out;
+		ret = errno;
+	}
+	unlink_or_warn(tmpfile);
+	if (ret) {
+		if (ret != EEXIST) {
+			return error_errno(_("unable to write sha1 filename %s"), filename);
+		}
+		/* FIXME!!! Collision check here ? */
+	}
+
+out:
+	if (adjust_shared_perm(filename))
+		return error(_("unable to set permission to '%s'"), filename);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_buffer(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	if (write_in_full(fd, buf, len) < 0)
+		return error_errno(_("file write error"));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int hash_object_file(const void *buf, unsigned long len, const char *type,
+		     struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	char hdr[MAX_HEADER_LEN];
+	int hdrlen = sizeof(hdr);
+	write_object_file_prepare(buf, len, type, oid, hdr, &hdrlen);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Finalize a file on disk, and close it. */
+static void close_sha1_file(int fd)
+{
+	if (fsync_object_files)
+		fsync_or_die(fd, "sha1 file");
+	if (close(fd) != 0)
+		die_errno(_("error when closing sha1 file"));
+}
+
+/* Size of directory component, including the ending '/' */
+static inline int directory_size(const char *filename)
+{
+	const char *s = strrchr(filename, '/');
+	if (!s)
+		return 0;
+	return s - filename + 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This creates a temporary file in the same directory as the final
+ * 'filename'
+ *
+ * We want to avoid cross-directory filename renames, because those
+ * can have problems on various filesystems (FAT, NFS, Coda).
+ */
+static int create_tmpfile(struct strbuf *tmp, const char *filename)
+{
+	int fd, dirlen = directory_size(filename);
+
+	strbuf_reset(tmp);
+	strbuf_add(tmp, filename, dirlen);
+	strbuf_addstr(tmp, "tmp_obj_XXXXXX");
+	fd = git_mkstemp_mode(tmp->buf, 0444);
+	if (fd < 0 && dirlen && errno == ENOENT) {
+		/*
+		 * Make sure the directory exists; note that the contents
+		 * of the buffer are undefined after mkstemp returns an
+		 * error, so we have to rewrite the whole buffer from
+		 * scratch.
+		 */
+		strbuf_reset(tmp);
+		strbuf_add(tmp, filename, dirlen - 1);
+		if (mkdir(tmp->buf, 0777) && errno != EEXIST)
+			return -1;
+		if (adjust_shared_perm(tmp->buf))
+			return -1;
+
+		/* Try again */
+		strbuf_addstr(tmp, "/tmp_obj_XXXXXX");
+		fd = git_mkstemp_mode(tmp->buf, 0444);
+	}
+	return fd;
+}
+
+static int write_loose_object(const struct object_id *oid, char *hdr,
+			      int hdrlen, const void *buf, unsigned long len,
+			      time_t mtime)
+{
+	int fd, ret;
+	unsigned char compressed[4096];
+	git_zstream stream;
+	git_hash_ctx c;
+	struct object_id parano_oid;
+	static struct strbuf tmp_file = STRBUF_INIT;
+	static struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&filename);
+	sha1_file_name(the_repository, &filename, oid->hash);
+
+	fd = create_tmpfile(&tmp_file, filename.buf);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == EACCES)
+			return error(_("insufficient permission for adding an object to repository database %s"), get_object_directory());
+		else
+			return error_errno(_("unable to create temporary file"));
+	}
+
+	/* Set it up */
+	git_deflate_init(&stream, zlib_compression_level);
+	stream.next_out = compressed;
+	stream.avail_out = sizeof(compressed);
+	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&c);
+
+	/* First header.. */
+	stream.next_in = (unsigned char *)hdr;
+	stream.avail_in = hdrlen;
+	while (git_deflate(&stream, 0) == Z_OK)
+		; /* nothing */
+	the_hash_algo->update_fn(&c, hdr, hdrlen);
+
+	/* Then the data itself.. */
+	stream.next_in = (void *)buf;
+	stream.avail_in = len;
+	do {
+		unsigned char *in0 = stream.next_in;
+		ret = git_deflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
+		the_hash_algo->update_fn(&c, in0, stream.next_in - in0);
+		if (write_buffer(fd, compressed, stream.next_out - compressed) < 0)
+			die(_("unable to write sha1 file"));
+		stream.next_out = compressed;
+		stream.avail_out = sizeof(compressed);
+	} while (ret == Z_OK);
+
+	if (ret != Z_STREAM_END)
+		die(_("unable to deflate new object %s (%d)"), oid_to_hex(oid),
+		    ret);
+	ret = git_deflate_end_gently(&stream);
+	if (ret != Z_OK)
+		die(_("deflateEnd on object %s failed (%d)"), oid_to_hex(oid),
+		    ret);
+	the_hash_algo->final_fn(parano_oid.hash, &c);
+	if (oidcmp(oid, &parano_oid) != 0)
+		die(_("confused by unstable object source data for %s"),
+		    oid_to_hex(oid));
+
+	close_sha1_file(fd);
+
+	if (mtime) {
+		struct utimbuf utb;
+		utb.actime = mtime;
+		utb.modtime = mtime;
+		if (utime(tmp_file.buf, &utb) < 0)
+			warning_errno(_("failed utime() on %s"), tmp_file.buf);
+	}
+
+	return finalize_object_file(tmp_file.buf, filename.buf);
+}
+
+static int freshen_loose_object(const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	return check_and_freshen(oid, 1);
+}
+
+static int freshen_packed_object(const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	struct pack_entry e;
+	if (!find_pack_entry(the_repository, oid, &e))
+		return 0;
+	if (e.p->freshened)
+		return 1;
+	if (!freshen_file(e.p->pack_name))
+		return 0;
+	e.p->freshened = 1;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int write_object_file(const void *buf, unsigned long len, const char *type,
+		      struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	char hdr[MAX_HEADER_LEN];
+	int hdrlen = sizeof(hdr);
+
+	/* Normally if we have it in the pack then we do not bother writing
+	 * it out into .git/objects/??/?{38} file.
+	 */
+	write_object_file_prepare(buf, len, type, oid, hdr, &hdrlen);
+	if (freshen_packed_object(oid) || freshen_loose_object(oid))
+		return 0;
+	return write_loose_object(oid, hdr, hdrlen, buf, len, 0);
+}
+
+int hash_object_file_literally(const void *buf, unsigned long len,
+			       const char *type, struct object_id *oid,
+			       unsigned flags)
+{
+	char *header;
+	int hdrlen, status = 0;
+
+	/* type string, SP, %lu of the length plus NUL must fit this */
+	hdrlen = strlen(type) + MAX_HEADER_LEN;
+	header = xmalloc(hdrlen);
+	write_object_file_prepare(buf, len, type, oid, header, &hdrlen);
+
+	if (!(flags & HASH_WRITE_OBJECT))
+		goto cleanup;
+	if (freshen_packed_object(oid) || freshen_loose_object(oid))
+		goto cleanup;
+	status = write_loose_object(oid, header, hdrlen, buf, len, 0);
+
+cleanup:
+	free(header);
+	return status;
+}
+
+int force_object_loose(const struct object_id *oid, time_t mtime)
+{
+	void *buf;
+	unsigned long len;
+	enum object_type type;
+	char hdr[MAX_HEADER_LEN];
+	int hdrlen;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (has_loose_object(oid))
+		return 0;
+	buf = read_object(oid->hash, &type, &len);
+	if (!buf)
+		return error(_("cannot read sha1_file for %s"), oid_to_hex(oid));
+	hdrlen = xsnprintf(hdr, sizeof(hdr), "%s %lu", type_name(type), len) + 1;
+	ret = write_loose_object(oid, hdr, hdrlen, buf, len, mtime);
+	free(buf);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int has_sha1_file_with_flags(const unsigned char *sha1, int flags)
+{
+	struct object_id oid;
+	if (!startup_info->have_repository)
+		return 0;
+	hashcpy(oid.hash, sha1);
+	return oid_object_info_extended(the_repository, &oid, NULL,
+					flags | OBJECT_INFO_SKIP_CACHED) >= 0;
+}
+
+int has_object_file(const struct object_id *oid)
+{
+	return has_sha1_file(oid->hash);
+}
+
+int has_object_file_with_flags(const struct object_id *oid, int flags)
+{
+	return has_sha1_file_with_flags(oid->hash, flags);
+}
+
+static void check_tree(const void *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	struct tree_desc desc;
+	struct name_entry entry;
+
+	init_tree_desc(&desc, buf, size);
+	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry))
+		/* do nothing
+		 * tree_entry() will die() on malformed entries */
+		;
+}
+
+static void check_commit(const void *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	struct commit c;
+	memset(&c, 0, sizeof(c));
+	if (parse_commit_buffer(the_repository, &c, buf, size, 0))
+		die(_("corrupt commit"));
+}
+
+static void check_tag(const void *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	struct tag t;
+	memset(&t, 0, sizeof(t));
+	if (parse_tag_buffer(the_repository, &t, buf, size))
+		die(_("corrupt tag"));
+}
+
+static int index_mem(struct object_id *oid, void *buf, size_t size,
+		     enum object_type type,
+		     const char *path, unsigned flags)
+{
+	int ret, re_allocated = 0;
+	int write_object = flags & HASH_WRITE_OBJECT;
+
+	if (!type)
+		type = OBJ_BLOB;
+
+	/*
+	 * Convert blobs to git internal format
+	 */
+	if ((type == OBJ_BLOB) && path) {
+		struct strbuf nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		if (convert_to_git(&the_index, path, buf, size, &nbuf,
+				   get_conv_flags(flags))) {
+			buf = strbuf_detach(&nbuf, &size);
+			re_allocated = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	if (flags & HASH_FORMAT_CHECK) {
+		if (type == OBJ_TREE)
+			check_tree(buf, size);
+		if (type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+			check_commit(buf, size);
+		if (type == OBJ_TAG)
+			check_tag(buf, size);
+	}
+
+	if (write_object)
+		ret = write_object_file(buf, size, type_name(type), oid);
+	else
+		ret = hash_object_file(buf, size, type_name(type), oid);
+	if (re_allocated)
+		free(buf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int index_stream_convert_blob(struct object_id *oid, int fd,
+				     const char *path, unsigned flags)
+{
+	int ret;
+	const int write_object = flags & HASH_WRITE_OBJECT;
+	struct strbuf sbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	assert(path);
+	assert(would_convert_to_git_filter_fd(&the_index, path));
+
+	convert_to_git_filter_fd(&the_index, path, fd, &sbuf,
+				 get_conv_flags(flags));
+
+	if (write_object)
+		ret = write_object_file(sbuf.buf, sbuf.len, type_name(OBJ_BLOB),
+					oid);
+	else
+		ret = hash_object_file(sbuf.buf, sbuf.len, type_name(OBJ_BLOB),
+				       oid);
+	strbuf_release(&sbuf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int index_pipe(struct object_id *oid, int fd, enum object_type type,
+		      const char *path, unsigned flags)
+{
+	struct strbuf sbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (strbuf_read(&sbuf, fd, 4096) >= 0)
+		ret = index_mem(oid, sbuf.buf, sbuf.len, type, path, flags);
+	else
+		ret = -1;
+	strbuf_release(&sbuf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+#define SMALL_FILE_SIZE (32*1024)
+
+static int index_core(struct object_id *oid, int fd, size_t size,
+		      enum object_type type, const char *path,
+		      unsigned flags)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!size) {
+		ret = index_mem(oid, "", size, type, path, flags);
+	} else if (size <= SMALL_FILE_SIZE) {
+		char *buf = xmalloc(size);
+		ssize_t read_result = read_in_full(fd, buf, size);
+		if (read_result < 0)
+			ret = error_errno(_("read error while indexing %s"),
+					  path ? path : "<unknown>");
+		else if (read_result != size)
+			ret = error(_("short read while indexing %s"),
+				    path ? path : "<unknown>");
+		else
+			ret = index_mem(oid, buf, size, type, path, flags);
+		free(buf);
+	} else {
+		void *buf = xmmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
+		ret = index_mem(oid, buf, size, type, path, flags);
+		munmap(buf, size);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This creates one packfile per large blob unless bulk-checkin
+ * machinery is "plugged".
+ *
+ * This also bypasses the usual "convert-to-git" dance, and that is on
+ * purpose. We could write a streaming version of the converting
+ * functions and insert that before feeding the data to fast-import
+ * (or equivalent in-core API described above). However, that is
+ * somewhat complicated, as we do not know the size of the filter
+ * result, which we need to know beforehand when writing a git object.
+ * Since the primary motivation for trying to stream from the working
+ * tree file and to avoid mmaping it in core is to deal with large
+ * binary blobs, they generally do not want to get any conversion, and
+ * callers should avoid this code path when filters are requested.
+ */
+static int index_stream(struct object_id *oid, int fd, size_t size,
+			enum object_type type, const char *path,
+			unsigned flags)
+{
+	return index_bulk_checkin(oid, fd, size, type, path, flags);
+}
+
+int index_fd(struct object_id *oid, int fd, struct stat *st,
+	     enum object_type type, const char *path, unsigned flags)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	/*
+	 * Call xsize_t() only when needed to avoid potentially unnecessary
+	 * die() for large files.
+	 */
+	if (type == OBJ_BLOB && path && would_convert_to_git_filter_fd(&the_index, path))
+		ret = index_stream_convert_blob(oid, fd, path, flags);
+	else if (!S_ISREG(st->st_mode))
+		ret = index_pipe(oid, fd, type, path, flags);
+	else if (st->st_size <= big_file_threshold || type != OBJ_BLOB ||
+		 (path && would_convert_to_git(&the_index, path)))
+		ret = index_core(oid, fd, xsize_t(st->st_size), type, path,
+				 flags);
+	else
+		ret = index_stream(oid, fd, xsize_t(st->st_size), type, path,
+				   flags);
+	close(fd);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int index_path(struct object_id *oid, const char *path, struct stat *st, unsigned flags)
+{
+	int fd;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int rc = 0;
+
+	switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
+	case S_IFREG:
+		fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+		if (fd < 0)
+			return error_errno("open(\"%s\")", path);
+		if (index_fd(oid, fd, st, OBJ_BLOB, path, flags) < 0)
+			return error(_("%s: failed to insert into database"),
+				     path);
+		break;
+	case S_IFLNK:
+		if (strbuf_readlink(&sb, path, st->st_size))
+			return error_errno("readlink(\"%s\")", path);
+		if (!(flags & HASH_WRITE_OBJECT))
+			hash_object_file(sb.buf, sb.len, blob_type, oid);
+		else if (write_object_file(sb.buf, sb.len, blob_type, oid))
+			rc = error(_("%s: failed to insert into database"), path);
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		break;
+	case S_IFDIR:
+		return resolve_gitlink_ref(path, "HEAD", oid);
+	default:
+		return error(_("%s: unsupported file type"), path);
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int read_pack_header(int fd, struct pack_header *header)
+{
+	if (read_in_full(fd, header, sizeof(*header)) != sizeof(*header))
+		/* "eof before pack header was fully read" */
+		return PH_ERROR_EOF;
+
+	if (header->hdr_signature != htonl(PACK_SIGNATURE))
+		/* "protocol error (pack signature mismatch detected)" */
+		return PH_ERROR_PACK_SIGNATURE;
+	if (!pack_version_ok(header->hdr_version))
+		/* "protocol error (pack version unsupported)" */
+		return PH_ERROR_PROTOCOL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void assert_oid_type(const struct object_id *oid, enum object_type expect)
+{
+	enum object_type type = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
+	if (type < 0)
+		die(_("%s is not a valid object"), oid_to_hex(oid));
+	if (type != expect)
+		die(_("%s is not a valid '%s' object"), oid_to_hex(oid),
+		    type_name(expect));
+}
+
+int for_each_file_in_obj_subdir(unsigned int subdir_nr,
+				struct strbuf *path,
+				each_loose_object_fn obj_cb,
+				each_loose_cruft_fn cruft_cb,
+				each_loose_subdir_fn subdir_cb,
+				void *data)
+{
+	size_t origlen, baselen;
+	DIR *dir;
+	struct dirent *de;
+	int r = 0;
+	struct object_id oid;
+
+	if (subdir_nr > 0xff)
+		BUG("invalid loose object subdirectory: %x", subdir_nr);
+
+	origlen = path->len;
+	strbuf_complete(path, '/');
+	strbuf_addf(path, "%02x", subdir_nr);
+
+	dir = opendir(path->buf);
+	if (!dir) {
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
+			r = error_errno(_("unable to open %s"), path->buf);
+		strbuf_setlen(path, origlen);
+		return r;
+	}
+
+	oid.hash[0] = subdir_nr;
+	strbuf_addch(path, '/');
+	baselen = path->len;
+
+	while ((de = readdir(dir))) {
+		size_t namelen;
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name))
+			continue;
+
+		namelen = strlen(de->d_name);
+		strbuf_setlen(path, baselen);
+		strbuf_add(path, de->d_name, namelen);
+		if (namelen == the_hash_algo->hexsz - 2 &&
+		    !hex_to_bytes(oid.hash + 1, de->d_name,
+				  the_hash_algo->rawsz - 1)) {
+			if (obj_cb) {
+				r = obj_cb(&oid, path->buf, data);
+				if (r)
+					break;
+			}
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (cruft_cb) {
+			r = cruft_cb(de->d_name, path->buf, data);
+			if (r)
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+	closedir(dir);
+
+	strbuf_setlen(path, baselen - 1);
+	if (!r && subdir_cb)
+		r = subdir_cb(subdir_nr, path->buf, data);
+
+	strbuf_setlen(path, origlen);
+
+	return r;
+}
+
+int for_each_loose_file_in_objdir_buf(struct strbuf *path,
+			    each_loose_object_fn obj_cb,
+			    each_loose_cruft_fn cruft_cb,
+			    each_loose_subdir_fn subdir_cb,
+			    void *data)
+{
+	int r = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+		r = for_each_file_in_obj_subdir(i, path, obj_cb, cruft_cb,
+						subdir_cb, data);
+		if (r)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return r;
+}
+
+int for_each_loose_file_in_objdir(const char *path,
+				  each_loose_object_fn obj_cb,
+				  each_loose_cruft_fn cruft_cb,
+				  each_loose_subdir_fn subdir_cb,
+				  void *data)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int r;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, path);
+	r = for_each_loose_file_in_objdir_buf(&buf, obj_cb, cruft_cb,
+					      subdir_cb, data);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	return r;
+}
+
+struct loose_alt_odb_data {
+	each_loose_object_fn *cb;
+	void *data;
+};
+
+static int loose_from_alt_odb(struct alternate_object_database *alt,
+			      void *vdata)
+{
+	struct loose_alt_odb_data *data = vdata;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int r;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, alt->path);
+	r = for_each_loose_file_in_objdir_buf(&buf,
+					      data->cb, NULL, NULL,
+					      data->data);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return r;
+}
+
+int for_each_loose_object(each_loose_object_fn cb, void *data,
+			  enum for_each_object_flags flags)
+{
+	struct loose_alt_odb_data alt;
+	int r;
+
+	r = for_each_loose_file_in_objdir(get_object_directory(),
+					  cb, NULL, NULL, data);
+	if (r)
+		return r;
+
+	if (flags & FOR_EACH_OBJECT_LOCAL_ONLY)
+		return 0;
+
+	alt.cb = cb;
+	alt.data = data;
+	return foreach_alt_odb(loose_from_alt_odb, &alt);
+}
+
+static int check_stream_sha1(git_zstream *stream,
+			     const char *hdr,
+			     unsigned long size,
+			     const char *path,
+			     const unsigned char *expected_sha1)
+{
+	git_hash_ctx c;
+	unsigned char real_sha1[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
+	unsigned char buf[4096];
+	unsigned long total_read;
+	int status = Z_OK;
+
+	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&c);
+	the_hash_algo->update_fn(&c, hdr, stream->total_out);
+
+	/*
+	 * We already read some bytes into hdr, but the ones up to the NUL
+	 * do not count against the object's content size.
+	 */
+	total_read = stream->total_out - strlen(hdr) - 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * This size comparison must be "<=" to read the final zlib packets;
+	 * see the comment in unpack_sha1_rest for details.
+	 */
+	while (total_read <= size &&
+	       (status == Z_OK || status == Z_BUF_ERROR)) {
+		stream->next_out = buf;
+		stream->avail_out = sizeof(buf);
+		if (size - total_read < stream->avail_out)
+			stream->avail_out = size - total_read;
+		status = git_inflate(stream, Z_FINISH);
+		the_hash_algo->update_fn(&c, buf, stream->next_out - buf);
+		total_read += stream->next_out - buf;
+	}
+	git_inflate_end(stream);
+
+	if (status != Z_STREAM_END) {
+		error(_("corrupt loose object '%s'"), sha1_to_hex(expected_sha1));
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (stream->avail_in) {
+		error(_("garbage at end of loose object '%s'"),
+		      sha1_to_hex(expected_sha1));
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	the_hash_algo->final_fn(real_sha1, &c);
+	if (hashcmp(expected_sha1, real_sha1)) {
+		error(_("sha1 mismatch for %s (expected %s)"), path,
+		      sha1_to_hex(expected_sha1));
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int read_loose_object(const char *path,
+		      const struct object_id *expected_oid,
+		      enum object_type *type,
+		      unsigned long *size,
+		      void **contents)
+{
+	int ret = -1;
+	void *map = NULL;
+	unsigned long mapsize;
+	git_zstream stream;
+	char hdr[MAX_HEADER_LEN];
+
+	*contents = NULL;
+
+	map = map_sha1_file_1(the_repository, path, NULL, &mapsize);
+	if (!map) {
+		error_errno(_("unable to mmap %s"), path);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (unpack_sha1_header(&stream, map, mapsize, hdr, sizeof(hdr)) < 0) {
+		error(_("unable to unpack header of %s"), path);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	*type = parse_sha1_header(hdr, size);
+	if (*type < 0) {
+		error(_("unable to parse header of %s"), path);
+		git_inflate_end(&stream);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (*type == OBJ_BLOB && *size > big_file_threshold) {
+		if (check_stream_sha1(&stream, hdr, *size, path, expected_oid->hash) < 0)
+			goto out;
+	} else {
+		*contents = unpack_sha1_rest(&stream, hdr, *size, expected_oid->hash);
+		if (!*contents) {
+			error(_("unable to unpack contents of %s"), path);
+			git_inflate_end(&stream);
+			goto out;
+		}
+		if (check_object_signature(expected_oid, *contents,
+					 *size, type_name(*type))) {
+			error(_("sha1 mismatch for %s (expected %s)"), path,
+			      oid_to_hex(expected_oid));
+			free(*contents);
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+	ret = 0; /* everything checks out */
+
+out:
+	if (map)
+		munmap(map, mapsize);
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/sha1-lookup.c b/sha1-lookup.c
index 5f069214d9..796ab68da8 100644
--- a/sha1-lookup.c
+++ b/sha1-lookup.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ static uint32_t take2(const unsigned char *sha1)
  * Conventional binary search loop looks like this:
  *
  *      do {
- *              int mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
+ *              int mi = lo + (hi - lo) / 2;
  *              int cmp = "entry pointed at by mi" minus "target";
  *              if (!cmp)
  *                      return (mi is the wanted one)
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ int sha1_pos(const unsigned char *sha1, void *table, size_t nr,
 				mi = (nr - 1) * (miv - lov) / (hiv - lov);
 				if (lo <= mi && mi < hi)
 					break;
-				die("BUG: assertion failed in binary search");
+				BUG("assertion failed in binary search");
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -95,223 +95,35 @@ int sha1_pos(const unsigned char *sha1, void *table, size_t nr,
 			hi = mi;
 		else
 			lo = mi + 1;
-		mi = (hi + lo) / 2;
+		mi = lo + (hi - lo) / 2;
 	} while (lo < hi);
 	return -lo-1;
 }
 
-/*
- * Conventional binary search loop looks like this:
- *
- *	unsigned lo, hi;
- *      do {
- *              unsigned mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
- *              int cmp = "entry pointed at by mi" minus "target";
- *              if (!cmp)
- *                      return (mi is the wanted one)
- *              if (cmp > 0)
- *                      hi = mi; "mi is larger than target"
- *              else
- *                      lo = mi+1; "mi is smaller than target"
- *      } while (lo < hi);
- *
- * The invariants are:
- *
- * - When entering the loop, lo points at a slot that is never
- *   above the target (it could be at the target), hi points at a
- *   slot that is guaranteed to be above the target (it can never
- *   be at the target).
- *
- * - We find a point 'mi' between lo and hi (mi could be the same
- *   as lo, but never can be as same as hi), and check if it hits
- *   the target.  There are three cases:
- *
- *    - if it is a hit, we are happy.
- *
- *    - if it is strictly higher than the target, we set it to hi,
- *      and repeat the search.
- *
- *    - if it is strictly lower than the target, we update lo to
- *      one slot after it, because we allow lo to be at the target.
- *
- *   If the loop exits, there is no matching entry.
- *
- * When choosing 'mi', we do not have to take the "middle" but
- * anywhere in between lo and hi, as long as lo <= mi < hi is
- * satisfied.  When we somehow know that the distance between the
- * target and lo is much shorter than the target and hi, we could
- * pick mi that is much closer to lo than the midway.
- *
- * Now, we can take advantage of the fact that SHA-1 is a good hash
- * function, and as long as there are enough entries in the table, we
- * can expect uniform distribution.  An entry that begins with for
- * example "deadbeef..." is much likely to appear much later than in
- * the midway of the table.  It can reasonably be expected to be near
- * 87% (222/256) from the top of the table.
- *
- * However, we do not want to pick "mi" too precisely.  If the entry at
- * the 87% in the above example turns out to be higher than the target
- * we are looking for, we would end up narrowing the search space down
- * only by 13%, instead of 50% we would get if we did a simple binary
- * search.  So we would want to hedge our bets by being less aggressive.
- *
- * The table at "table" holds at least "nr" entries of "elem_size"
- * bytes each.  Each entry has the SHA-1 key at "key_offset".  The
- * table is sorted by the SHA-1 key of the entries.  The caller wants
- * to find the entry with "key", and knows that the entry at "lo" is
- * not higher than the entry it is looking for, and that the entry at
- * "hi" is higher than the entry it is looking for.
- */
-int sha1_entry_pos(const void *table,
-		   size_t elem_size,
-		   size_t key_offset,
-		   unsigned lo, unsigned hi, unsigned nr,
-		   const unsigned char *key)
+int bsearch_hash(const unsigned char *sha1, const uint32_t *fanout_nbo,
+		 const unsigned char *table, size_t stride, uint32_t *result)
 {
-	const unsigned char *base = table;
-	const unsigned char *hi_key, *lo_key;
-	unsigned ofs_0;
-	static int debug_lookup = -1;
-
-	if (debug_lookup < 0)
-		debug_lookup = !!getenv("GIT_DEBUG_LOOKUP");
+	uint32_t hi, lo;
 
-	if (!nr || lo >= hi)
-		return -1;
-
-	if (nr == hi)
-		hi_key = NULL;
-	else
-		hi_key = base + elem_size * hi + key_offset;
-	lo_key = base + elem_size * lo + key_offset;
-
-	ofs_0 = 0;
-	do {
-		int cmp;
-		unsigned ofs, mi, range;
-		unsigned lov, hiv, kyv;
-		const unsigned char *mi_key;
+	hi = ntohl(fanout_nbo[*sha1]);
+	lo = ((*sha1 == 0x0) ? 0 : ntohl(fanout_nbo[*sha1 - 1]));
 
-		range = hi - lo;
-		if (hi_key) {
-			for (ofs = ofs_0; ofs < 20; ofs++)
-				if (lo_key[ofs] != hi_key[ofs])
-					break;
-			ofs_0 = ofs;
-			/*
-			 * byte 0 thru (ofs-1) are the same between
-			 * lo and hi; ofs is the first byte that is
-			 * different.
-			 *
-			 * If ofs==20, then no bytes are different,
-			 * meaning we have entries with duplicate
-			 * keys. We know that we are in a solid run
-			 * of this entry (because the entries are
-			 * sorted, and our lo and hi are the same,
-			 * there can be nothing but this single key
-			 * in between). So we can stop the search.
-			 * Either one of these entries is it (and
-			 * we do not care which), or we do not have
-			 * it.
-			 *
-			 * Furthermore, we know that one of our
-			 * endpoints must be the edge of the run of
-			 * duplicates. For example, given this
-			 * sequence:
-			 *
-			 *     idx 0 1 2 3 4 5
-			 *     key A C C C C D
-			 *
-			 * If we are searching for "B", we might
-			 * hit the duplicate run at lo=1, hi=3
-			 * (e.g., by first mi=3, then mi=0). But we
-			 * can never have lo > 1, because B < C.
-			 * That is, if our key is less than the
-			 * run, we know that "lo" is the edge, but
-			 * we can say nothing of "hi". Similarly,
-			 * if our key is greater than the run, we
-			 * know that "hi" is the edge, but we can
-			 * say nothing of "lo".
-			 *
-			 * Therefore if we do not find it, we also
-			 * know where it would go if it did exist:
-			 * just on the far side of the edge that we
-			 * know about.
-			 */
-			if (ofs == 20) {
-				mi = lo;
-				mi_key = base + elem_size * mi + key_offset;
-				cmp = memcmp(mi_key, key, 20);
-				if (!cmp)
-					return mi;
-				if (cmp < 0)
-					return -1 - hi;
-				else
-					return -1 - lo;
-			}
+	while (lo < hi) {
+		unsigned mi = lo + (hi - lo) / 2;
+		int cmp = hashcmp(table + mi * stride, sha1);
 
-			hiv = hi_key[ofs_0];
-			if (ofs_0 < 19)
-				hiv = (hiv << 8) | hi_key[ofs_0+1];
-		} else {
-			hiv = 256;
-			if (ofs_0 < 19)
-				hiv <<= 8;
-		}
-		lov = lo_key[ofs_0];
-		kyv = key[ofs_0];
-		if (ofs_0 < 19) {
-			lov = (lov << 8) | lo_key[ofs_0+1];
-			kyv = (kyv << 8) | key[ofs_0+1];
+		if (!cmp) {
+			if (result)
+				*result = mi;
+			return 1;
 		}
-		assert(lov < hiv);
-
-		if (kyv < lov)
-			return -1 - lo;
-		if (hiv < kyv)
-			return -1 - hi;
-
-		/*
-		 * Even if we know the target is much closer to 'hi'
-		 * than 'lo', if we pick too precisely and overshoot
-		 * (e.g. when we know 'mi' is closer to 'hi' than to
-		 * 'lo', pick 'mi' that is higher than the target), we
-		 * end up narrowing the search space by a smaller
-		 * amount (i.e. the distance between 'mi' and 'hi')
-		 * than what we would have (i.e. about half of 'lo'
-		 * and 'hi').  Hedge our bets to pick 'mi' less
-		 * aggressively, i.e. make 'mi' a bit closer to the
-		 * middle than we would otherwise pick.
-		 */
-		kyv = (kyv * 6 + lov + hiv) / 8;
-		if (lov < hiv - 1) {
-			if (kyv == lov)
-				kyv++;
-			else if (kyv == hiv)
-				kyv--;
-		}
-		mi = (range - 1) * (kyv - lov) / (hiv - lov) + lo;
-
-		if (debug_lookup) {
-			printf("lo %u hi %u rg %u mi %u ", lo, hi, range, mi);
-			printf("ofs %u lov %x, hiv %x, kyv %x\n",
-			       ofs_0, lov, hiv, kyv);
-		}
-		if (!(lo <= mi && mi < hi))
-			die("assertion failure lo %u mi %u hi %u %s",
-			    lo, mi, hi, sha1_to_hex(key));
-
-		mi_key = base + elem_size * mi + key_offset;
-		cmp = memcmp(mi_key + ofs_0, key + ofs_0, 20 - ofs_0);
-		if (!cmp)
-			return mi;
-		if (cmp > 0) {
+		if (cmp > 0)
 			hi = mi;
-			hi_key = mi_key;
-		} else {
+		else
 			lo = mi + 1;
-			lo_key = mi_key + elem_size;
-		}
-	} while (lo < hi);
-	return -lo-1;
+	}
+
+	if (result)
+		*result = lo;
+	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/sha1-lookup.h b/sha1-lookup.h
index 20af285681..7678b23b36 100644
--- a/sha1-lookup.h
+++ b/sha1-lookup.h
@@ -8,9 +8,25 @@ extern int sha1_pos(const unsigned char *sha1,
 		    size_t nr,
 		    sha1_access_fn fn);
 
-extern int sha1_entry_pos(const void *table,
-			  size_t elem_size,
-			  size_t key_offset,
-			  unsigned lo, unsigned hi, unsigned nr,
-			  const unsigned char *key);
+/*
+ * Searches for sha1 in table, using the given fanout table to determine the
+ * interval to search, then using binary search. Returns 1 if found, 0 if not.
+ *
+ * Takes the following parameters:
+ *
+ *  - sha1: the hash to search for
+ *  - fanout_nbo: a 256-element array of NETWORK-order 32-bit integers; the
+ *    integer at position i represents the number of elements in table whose
+ *    first byte is less than or equal to i
+ *  - table: a sorted list of hashes with optional extra information in between
+ *  - stride: distance between two consecutive elements in table (should be
+ *    GIT_MAX_RAWSZ or greater)
+ *  - result: if not NULL, this function stores the element index of the
+ *    position found (if the search is successful) or the index of the least
+ *    element that is greater than sha1 (if the search is not successful)
+ *
+ * This function does not verify the validity of the fanout table.
+ */
+int bsearch_hash(const unsigned char *sha1, const uint32_t *fanout_nbo,
+		 const unsigned char *table, size_t stride, uint32_t *result);
 #endif
diff --git a/sha1_name.c b/sha1-name.c
index 95f9f8fa1a..c9cc1318b7 100644
--- a/sha1_name.c
+++ b/sha1-name.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tree.h"
@@ -6,15 +7,24 @@
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "remote.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "sha1-array.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 
-static int get_sha1_oneline(const char *, unsigned char *, struct commit_list *);
+static int get_oid_oneline(const char *, struct object_id *, struct commit_list *);
 
-typedef int (*disambiguate_hint_fn)(const unsigned char *, void *);
+typedef int (*disambiguate_hint_fn)(const struct object_id *, void *);
 
 struct disambiguate_state {
+	int len; /* length of prefix in hex chars */
+	char hex_pfx[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
+	struct object_id bin_pfx;
+
 	disambiguate_hint_fn fn;
 	void *cb_data;
-	unsigned char candidate[20];
+	struct object_id candidate;
 	unsigned candidate_exists:1;
 	unsigned candidate_checked:1;
 	unsigned candidate_ok:1;
@@ -23,7 +33,7 @@ struct disambiguate_state {
 	unsigned always_call_fn:1;
 };
 
-static void update_candidates(struct disambiguate_state *ds, const unsigned char *current)
+static void update_candidates(struct disambiguate_state *ds, const struct object_id *current)
 {
 	if (ds->always_call_fn) {
 		ds->ambiguous = ds->fn(current, ds->cb_data) ? 1 : 0;
@@ -31,10 +41,10 @@ static void update_candidates(struct disambiguate_state *ds, const unsigned char
 	}
 	if (!ds->candidate_exists) {
 		/* this is the first candidate */
-		hashcpy(ds->candidate, current);
+		oidcpy(&ds->candidate, current);
 		ds->candidate_exists = 1;
 		return;
-	} else if (!hashcmp(ds->candidate, current)) {
+	} else if (!oidcmp(&ds->candidate, current)) {
 		/* the same as what we already have seen */
 		return;
 	}
@@ -46,14 +56,14 @@ static void update_candidates(struct disambiguate_state *ds, const unsigned char
 	}
 
 	if (!ds->candidate_checked) {
-		ds->candidate_ok = ds->fn(ds->candidate, ds->cb_data);
+		ds->candidate_ok = ds->fn(&ds->candidate, ds->cb_data);
 		ds->disambiguate_fn_used = 1;
 		ds->candidate_checked = 1;
 	}
 
 	if (!ds->candidate_ok) {
 		/* discard the candidate; we know it does not satisfy fn */
-		hashcpy(ds->candidate, current);
+		oidcpy(&ds->candidate, current);
 		ds->candidate_checked = 0;
 		return;
 	}
@@ -71,10 +81,19 @@ static void update_candidates(struct disambiguate_state *ds, const unsigned char
 	/* otherwise, current can be discarded and candidate is still good */
 }
 
-static void find_short_object_filename(int len, const char *hex_pfx, struct disambiguate_state *ds)
+static int append_loose_object(const struct object_id *oid, const char *path,
+			       void *data)
+{
+	oid_array_append(data, oid);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int match_sha(unsigned, const unsigned char *, const unsigned char *);
+
+static void find_short_object_filename(struct disambiguate_state *ds)
 {
+	int subdir_nr = ds->bin_pfx.hash[0];
 	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
-	char hex[40];
 	static struct alternate_object_database *fakeent;
 
 	if (!fakeent) {
@@ -85,37 +104,33 @@ static void find_short_object_filename(int len, const char *hex_pfx, struct disa
 		 * alt->name/alt->base while iterating over the
 		 * object databases including our own.
 		 */
-		const char *objdir = get_object_directory();
-		int objdir_len = strlen(objdir);
-		int entlen = objdir_len + 43;
-		fakeent = xmalloc(sizeof(*fakeent) + entlen);
-		memcpy(fakeent->base, objdir, objdir_len);
-		fakeent->name = fakeent->base + objdir_len + 1;
-		fakeent->name[-1] = '/';
+		fakeent = alloc_alt_odb(get_object_directory());
 	}
-	fakeent->next = alt_odb_list;
+	fakeent->next = the_repository->objects->alt_odb_list;
 
-	sprintf(hex, "%.2s", hex_pfx);
 	for (alt = fakeent; alt && !ds->ambiguous; alt = alt->next) {
-		struct dirent *de;
-		DIR *dir;
-		sprintf(alt->name, "%.2s/", hex_pfx);
-		dir = opendir(alt->base);
-		if (!dir)
-			continue;
+		int pos;
 
-		while (!ds->ambiguous && (de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
+		if (!alt->loose_objects_subdir_seen[subdir_nr]) {
+			struct strbuf *buf = alt_scratch_buf(alt);
+			for_each_file_in_obj_subdir(subdir_nr, buf,
+						    append_loose_object,
+						    NULL, NULL,
+						    &alt->loose_objects_cache);
+			alt->loose_objects_subdir_seen[subdir_nr] = 1;
+		}
 
-			if (strlen(de->d_name) != 38)
-				continue;
-			if (memcmp(de->d_name, hex_pfx + 2, len - 2))
-				continue;
-			memcpy(hex + 2, de->d_name, 38);
-			if (!get_sha1_hex(hex, sha1))
-				update_candidates(ds, sha1);
+		pos = oid_array_lookup(&alt->loose_objects_cache, &ds->bin_pfx);
+		if (pos < 0)
+			pos = -1 - pos;
+		while (!ds->ambiguous && pos < alt->loose_objects_cache.nr) {
+			const struct object_id *oid;
+			oid = alt->loose_objects_cache.oid + pos;
+			if (!match_sha(ds->len, ds->bin_pfx.hash, oid->hash))
+				break;
+			update_candidates(ds, oid);
+			pos++;
 		}
-		closedir(dir);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -134,34 +149,17 @@ static int match_sha(unsigned len, const unsigned char *a, const unsigned char *
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static void unique_in_pack(int len,
-			  const unsigned char *bin_pfx,
-			   struct packed_git *p,
+static void unique_in_pack(struct packed_git *p,
 			   struct disambiguate_state *ds)
 {
-	uint32_t num, last, i, first = 0;
-	const unsigned char *current = NULL;
+	uint32_t num, i, first = 0;
+	const struct object_id *current = NULL;
+
+	if (open_pack_index(p) || !p->num_objects)
+		return;
 
-	open_pack_index(p);
 	num = p->num_objects;
-	last = num;
-	while (first < last) {
-		uint32_t mid = (first + last) / 2;
-		const unsigned char *current;
-		int cmp;
-
-		current = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, mid);
-		cmp = hashcmp(bin_pfx, current);
-		if (!cmp) {
-			first = mid;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (cmp > 0) {
-			first = mid+1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		last = mid;
-	}
+	bsearch_pack(&ds->bin_pfx, p, &first);
 
 	/*
 	 * At this point, "first" is the location of the lowest object
@@ -169,28 +167,28 @@ static void unique_in_pack(int len,
 	 * 0, 1 or more objects that actually match(es).
 	 */
 	for (i = first; i < num && !ds->ambiguous; i++) {
-		current = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, i);
-		if (!match_sha(len, bin_pfx, current))
+		struct object_id oid;
+		current = nth_packed_object_oid(&oid, p, i);
+		if (!match_sha(ds->len, ds->bin_pfx.hash, current->hash))
 			break;
 		update_candidates(ds, current);
 	}
 }
 
-static void find_short_packed_object(int len, const unsigned char *bin_pfx,
-				     struct disambiguate_state *ds)
+static void find_short_packed_object(struct disambiguate_state *ds)
 {
 	struct packed_git *p;
 
-	prepare_packed_git();
-	for (p = packed_git; p && !ds->ambiguous; p = p->next)
-		unique_in_pack(len, bin_pfx, p, ds);
+	for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p && !ds->ambiguous;
+	     p = p->next)
+		unique_in_pack(p, ds);
 }
 
 #define SHORT_NAME_NOT_FOUND (-1)
 #define SHORT_NAME_AMBIGUOUS (-2)
 
 static int finish_object_disambiguation(struct disambiguate_state *ds,
-					unsigned char *sha1)
+					struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	if (ds->ambiguous)
 		return SHORT_NAME_AMBIGUOUS;
@@ -214,77 +212,111 @@ static int finish_object_disambiguation(struct disambiguate_state *ds,
 		 * same repository!
 		 */
 		ds->candidate_ok = (!ds->disambiguate_fn_used ||
-				    ds->fn(ds->candidate, ds->cb_data));
+				    ds->fn(&ds->candidate, ds->cb_data));
 
 	if (!ds->candidate_ok)
 		return SHORT_NAME_AMBIGUOUS;
 
-	hashcpy(sha1, ds->candidate);
+	oidcpy(oid, &ds->candidate);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int disambiguate_commit_only(const unsigned char *sha1, void *cb_data_unused)
+static int disambiguate_commit_only(const struct object_id *oid, void *cb_data_unused)
 {
-	int kind = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+	int kind = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
 	return kind == OBJ_COMMIT;
 }
 
-static int disambiguate_committish_only(const unsigned char *sha1, void *cb_data_unused)
+static int disambiguate_committish_only(const struct object_id *oid, void *cb_data_unused)
 {
 	struct object *obj;
 	int kind;
 
-	kind = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+	kind = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
 	if (kind == OBJ_COMMIT)
 		return 1;
 	if (kind != OBJ_TAG)
 		return 0;
 
 	/* We need to do this the hard way... */
-	obj = deref_tag(parse_object(sha1), NULL, 0);
+	obj = deref_tag(the_repository, parse_object(the_repository, oid),
+			NULL, 0);
 	if (obj && obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
 		return 1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int disambiguate_tree_only(const unsigned char *sha1, void *cb_data_unused)
+static int disambiguate_tree_only(const struct object_id *oid, void *cb_data_unused)
 {
-	int kind = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+	int kind = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
 	return kind == OBJ_TREE;
 }
 
-static int disambiguate_treeish_only(const unsigned char *sha1, void *cb_data_unused)
+static int disambiguate_treeish_only(const struct object_id *oid, void *cb_data_unused)
 {
 	struct object *obj;
 	int kind;
 
-	kind = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+	kind = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
 	if (kind == OBJ_TREE || kind == OBJ_COMMIT)
 		return 1;
 	if (kind != OBJ_TAG)
 		return 0;
 
 	/* We need to do this the hard way... */
-	obj = deref_tag(lookup_object(sha1), NULL, 0);
+	obj = deref_tag(the_repository, parse_object(the_repository, oid),
+			NULL, 0);
 	if (obj && (obj->type == OBJ_TREE || obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT))
 		return 1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int disambiguate_blob_only(const unsigned char *sha1, void *cb_data_unused)
+static int disambiguate_blob_only(const struct object_id *oid, void *cb_data_unused)
 {
-	int kind = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+	int kind = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
 	return kind == OBJ_BLOB;
 }
 
-static int prepare_prefixes(const char *name, int len,
-			    unsigned char *bin_pfx,
-			    char *hex_pfx)
+static disambiguate_hint_fn default_disambiguate_hint;
+
+int set_disambiguate_hint_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 {
+	static const struct {
+		const char *name;
+		disambiguate_hint_fn fn;
+	} hints[] = {
+		{ "none", NULL },
+		{ "commit", disambiguate_commit_only },
+		{ "committish", disambiguate_committish_only },
+		{ "tree", disambiguate_tree_only },
+		{ "treeish", disambiguate_treeish_only },
+		{ "blob", disambiguate_blob_only }
+	};
 	int i;
 
-	hashclr(bin_pfx);
-	memset(hex_pfx, 'x', 40);
+	if (!value)
+		return config_error_nonbool(var);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(hints); i++) {
+		if (!strcasecmp(value, hints[i].name)) {
+			default_disambiguate_hint = hints[i].fn;
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return error("unknown hint type for '%s': %s", var, value);
+}
+
+static int init_object_disambiguation(const char *name, int len,
+				      struct disambiguate_state *ds)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (len < MINIMUM_ABBREV || len > the_hash_algo->hexsz)
+		return -1;
+
+	memset(ds, 0, sizeof(*ds));
+
 	for (i = 0; i < len ;i++) {
 		unsigned char c = name[i];
 		unsigned char val;
@@ -298,95 +330,310 @@ static int prepare_prefixes(const char *name, int len,
 		}
 		else
 			return -1;
-		hex_pfx[i] = c;
+		ds->hex_pfx[i] = c;
 		if (!(i & 1))
 			val <<= 4;
-		bin_pfx[i >> 1] |= val;
+		ds->bin_pfx.hash[i >> 1] |= val;
 	}
+
+	ds->len = len;
+	ds->hex_pfx[len] = '\0';
+	prepare_alt_odb(the_repository);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int show_ambiguous_object(const struct object_id *oid, void *data)
+{
+	const struct disambiguate_state *ds = data;
+	struct strbuf desc = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int type;
+
+	if (ds->fn && !ds->fn(oid, ds->cb_data))
+		return 0;
+
+	type = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
+	if (type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
+		struct commit *commit = lookup_commit(the_repository, oid);
+		if (commit) {
+			struct pretty_print_context pp = {0};
+			pp.date_mode.type = DATE_SHORT;
+			format_commit_message(commit, " %ad - %s", &desc, &pp);
+		}
+	} else if (type == OBJ_TAG) {
+		struct tag *tag = lookup_tag(the_repository, oid);
+		if (!parse_tag(tag) && tag->tag)
+			strbuf_addf(&desc, " %s", tag->tag);
+	}
+
+	advise("  %s %s%s",
+	       find_unique_abbrev(oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV),
+	       type_name(type) ? type_name(type) : "unknown type",
+	       desc.buf);
+
+	strbuf_release(&desc);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int collect_ambiguous(const struct object_id *oid, void *data)
+{
+	oid_array_append(data, oid);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int get_short_sha1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1,
+static int sort_ambiguous(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	int a_type = oid_object_info(the_repository, a, NULL);
+	int b_type = oid_object_info(the_repository, b, NULL);
+	int a_type_sort;
+	int b_type_sort;
+
+	/*
+	 * Sorts by hash within the same object type, just as
+	 * oid_array_for_each_unique() would do.
+	 */
+	if (a_type == b_type)
+		return oidcmp(a, b);
+
+	/*
+	 * Between object types show tags, then commits, and finally
+	 * trees and blobs.
+	 *
+	 * The object_type enum is commit, tree, blob, tag, but we
+	 * want tag, commit, tree blob. Cleverly (perhaps too
+	 * cleverly) do that with modulus, since the enum assigns 1 to
+	 * commit, so tag becomes 0.
+	 */
+	a_type_sort = a_type % 4;
+	b_type_sort = b_type % 4;
+	return a_type_sort > b_type_sort ? 1 : -1;
+}
+
+static int get_short_oid(const char *name, int len, struct object_id *oid,
 			  unsigned flags)
 {
 	int status;
-	char hex_pfx[40];
-	unsigned char bin_pfx[20];
 	struct disambiguate_state ds;
-	int quietly = !!(flags & GET_SHA1_QUIETLY);
+	int quietly = !!(flags & GET_OID_QUIETLY);
 
-	if (len < MINIMUM_ABBREV || len > 40)
-		return -1;
-	if (prepare_prefixes(name, len, bin_pfx, hex_pfx) < 0)
+	if (init_object_disambiguation(name, len, &ds) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	prepare_alt_odb();
+	if (HAS_MULTI_BITS(flags & GET_OID_DISAMBIGUATORS))
+		BUG("multiple get_short_oid disambiguator flags");
 
-	memset(&ds, 0, sizeof(ds));
-	if (flags & GET_SHA1_COMMIT)
+	if (flags & GET_OID_COMMIT)
 		ds.fn = disambiguate_commit_only;
-	else if (flags & GET_SHA1_COMMITTISH)
+	else if (flags & GET_OID_COMMITTISH)
 		ds.fn = disambiguate_committish_only;
-	else if (flags & GET_SHA1_TREE)
+	else if (flags & GET_OID_TREE)
 		ds.fn = disambiguate_tree_only;
-	else if (flags & GET_SHA1_TREEISH)
+	else if (flags & GET_OID_TREEISH)
 		ds.fn = disambiguate_treeish_only;
-	else if (flags & GET_SHA1_BLOB)
+	else if (flags & GET_OID_BLOB)
 		ds.fn = disambiguate_blob_only;
+	else
+		ds.fn = default_disambiguate_hint;
+
+	find_short_object_filename(&ds);
+	find_short_packed_object(&ds);
+	status = finish_object_disambiguation(&ds, oid);
+
+	if (!quietly && (status == SHORT_NAME_AMBIGUOUS)) {
+		struct oid_array collect = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
+
+		error(_("short SHA1 %s is ambiguous"), ds.hex_pfx);
+
+		/*
+		 * We may still have ambiguity if we simply saw a series of
+		 * candidates that did not satisfy our hint function. In
+		 * that case, we still want to show them, so disable the hint
+		 * function entirely.
+		 */
+		if (!ds.ambiguous)
+			ds.fn = NULL;
+
+		advise(_("The candidates are:"));
+		for_each_abbrev(ds.hex_pfx, collect_ambiguous, &collect);
+		QSORT(collect.oid, collect.nr, sort_ambiguous);
 
-	find_short_object_filename(len, hex_pfx, &ds);
-	find_short_packed_object(len, bin_pfx, &ds);
-	status = finish_object_disambiguation(&ds, sha1);
+		if (oid_array_for_each(&collect, show_ambiguous_object, &ds))
+			BUG("show_ambiguous_object shouldn't return non-zero");
+		oid_array_clear(&collect);
+	}
 
-	if (!quietly && (status == SHORT_NAME_AMBIGUOUS))
-		return error("short SHA1 %.*s is ambiguous.", len, hex_pfx);
 	return status;
 }
 
 int for_each_abbrev(const char *prefix, each_abbrev_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	char hex_pfx[40];
-	unsigned char bin_pfx[20];
+	struct oid_array collect = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
 	struct disambiguate_state ds;
-	int len = strlen(prefix);
+	int ret;
 
-	if (len < MINIMUM_ABBREV || len > 40)
-		return -1;
-	if (prepare_prefixes(prefix, len, bin_pfx, hex_pfx) < 0)
+	if (init_object_disambiguation(prefix, strlen(prefix), &ds) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	prepare_alt_odb();
-
-	memset(&ds, 0, sizeof(ds));
 	ds.always_call_fn = 1;
-	ds.cb_data = cb_data;
-	ds.fn = fn;
+	ds.fn = collect_ambiguous;
+	ds.cb_data = &collect;
+	find_short_object_filename(&ds);
+	find_short_packed_object(&ds);
 
-	find_short_object_filename(len, hex_pfx, &ds);
-	find_short_packed_object(len, bin_pfx, &ds);
-	return ds.ambiguous;
+	ret = oid_array_for_each_unique(&collect, fn, cb_data);
+	oid_array_clear(&collect);
+	return ret;
 }
 
-const char *find_unique_abbrev(const unsigned char *sha1, int len)
+/*
+ * Return the slot of the most-significant bit set in "val". There are various
+ * ways to do this quickly with fls() or __builtin_clzl(), but speed is
+ * probably not a big deal here.
+ */
+static unsigned msb(unsigned long val)
 {
-	int status, exists;
-	static char hex[41];
-
-	memcpy(hex, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
-	if (len == 40 || !len)
-		return hex;
-	exists = has_sha1_file(sha1);
-	while (len < 40) {
-		unsigned char sha1_ret[20];
-		status = get_short_sha1(hex, len, sha1_ret, GET_SHA1_QUIETLY);
-		if (exists
-		    ? !status
-		    : status == SHORT_NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
-			hex[len] = 0;
-			return hex;
-		}
-		len++;
+	unsigned r = 0;
+	while (val >>= 1)
+		r++;
+	return r;
+}
+
+struct min_abbrev_data {
+	unsigned int init_len;
+	unsigned int cur_len;
+	char *hex;
+	const struct object_id *oid;
+};
+
+static inline char get_hex_char_from_oid(const struct object_id *oid,
+					 unsigned int pos)
+{
+	static const char hex[] = "0123456789abcdef";
+
+	if ((pos & 1) == 0)
+		return hex[oid->hash[pos >> 1] >> 4];
+	else
+		return hex[oid->hash[pos >> 1] & 0xf];
+}
+
+static int extend_abbrev_len(const struct object_id *oid, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct min_abbrev_data *mad = cb_data;
+
+	unsigned int i = mad->init_len;
+	while (mad->hex[i] && mad->hex[i] == get_hex_char_from_oid(oid, i))
+		i++;
+
+	if (i < GIT_MAX_RAWSZ && i >= mad->cur_len)
+		mad->cur_len = i + 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void find_abbrev_len_for_pack(struct packed_git *p,
+				     struct min_abbrev_data *mad)
+{
+	int match = 0;
+	uint32_t num, first = 0;
+	struct object_id oid;
+	const struct object_id *mad_oid;
+
+	if (open_pack_index(p) || !p->num_objects)
+		return;
+
+	num = p->num_objects;
+	mad_oid = mad->oid;
+	match = bsearch_pack(mad_oid, p, &first);
+
+	/*
+	 * first is now the position in the packfile where we would insert
+	 * mad->hash if it does not exist (or the position of mad->hash if
+	 * it does exist). Hence, we consider a maximum of two objects
+	 * nearby for the abbreviation length.
+	 */
+	mad->init_len = 0;
+	if (!match) {
+		if (nth_packed_object_oid(&oid, p, first))
+			extend_abbrev_len(&oid, mad);
+	} else if (first < num - 1) {
+		if (nth_packed_object_oid(&oid, p, first + 1))
+			extend_abbrev_len(&oid, mad);
+	}
+	if (first > 0) {
+		if (nth_packed_object_oid(&oid, p, first - 1))
+			extend_abbrev_len(&oid, mad);
+	}
+	mad->init_len = mad->cur_len;
+}
+
+static void find_abbrev_len_packed(struct min_abbrev_data *mad)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p;
+
+	for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p; p = p->next)
+		find_abbrev_len_for_pack(p, mad);
+}
+
+int find_unique_abbrev_r(char *hex, const struct object_id *oid, int len)
+{
+	struct disambiguate_state ds;
+	struct min_abbrev_data mad;
+	struct object_id oid_ret;
+	const unsigned hexsz = the_hash_algo->hexsz;
+
+	if (len < 0) {
+		unsigned long count = approximate_object_count();
+		/*
+		 * Add one because the MSB only tells us the highest bit set,
+		 * not including the value of all the _other_ bits (so "15"
+		 * is only one off of 2^4, but the MSB is the 3rd bit.
+		 */
+		len = msb(count) + 1;
+		/*
+		 * We now know we have on the order of 2^len objects, which
+		 * expects a collision at 2^(len/2). But we also care about hex
+		 * chars, not bits, and there are 4 bits per hex. So all
+		 * together we need to divide by 2 and round up.
+		 */
+		len = DIV_ROUND_UP(len, 2);
+		/*
+		 * For very small repos, we stick with our regular fallback.
+		 */
+		if (len < FALLBACK_DEFAULT_ABBREV)
+			len = FALLBACK_DEFAULT_ABBREV;
 	}
+
+	oid_to_hex_r(hex, oid);
+	if (len == hexsz || !len)
+		return hexsz;
+
+	mad.init_len = len;
+	mad.cur_len = len;
+	mad.hex = hex;
+	mad.oid = oid;
+
+	find_abbrev_len_packed(&mad);
+
+	if (init_object_disambiguation(hex, mad.cur_len, &ds) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	ds.fn = extend_abbrev_len;
+	ds.always_call_fn = 1;
+	ds.cb_data = (void *)&mad;
+
+	find_short_object_filename(&ds);
+	(void)finish_object_disambiguation(&ds, &oid_ret);
+
+	hex[mad.cur_len] = 0;
+	return mad.cur_len;
+}
+
+const char *find_unique_abbrev(const struct object_id *oid, int len)
+{
+	static int bufno;
+	static char hexbuffer[4][GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
+	char *hex = hexbuffer[bufno];
+	bufno = (bufno + 1) % ARRAY_SIZE(hexbuffer);
+	find_unique_abbrev_r(hex, oid, len);
 	return hex;
 }
 
@@ -415,24 +662,36 @@ static int ambiguous_path(const char *path, int len)
 	return slash;
 }
 
-static inline int upstream_mark(const char *string, int len)
+static inline int at_mark(const char *string, int len,
+			  const char **suffix, int nr)
 {
-	const char *suffix[] = { "@{upstream}", "@{u}" };
 	int i;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(suffix); i++) {
+	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
 		int suffix_len = strlen(suffix[i]);
 		if (suffix_len <= len
-		    && !memcmp(string, suffix[i], suffix_len))
+		    && !strncasecmp(string, suffix[i], suffix_len))
 			return suffix_len;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int get_sha1_1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1, unsigned lookup_flags);
+static inline int upstream_mark(const char *string, int len)
+{
+	const char *suffix[] = { "@{upstream}", "@{u}" };
+	return at_mark(string, len, suffix, ARRAY_SIZE(suffix));
+}
+
+static inline int push_mark(const char *string, int len)
+{
+	const char *suffix[] = { "@{push}" };
+	return at_mark(string, len, suffix, ARRAY_SIZE(suffix));
+}
+
+static int get_oid_1(const char *name, int len, struct object_id *oid, unsigned lookup_flags);
 static int interpret_nth_prior_checkout(const char *name, int namelen, struct strbuf *buf);
 
-static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1,
+static int get_oid_basic(const char *str, int len, struct object_id *oid,
 			  unsigned int flags)
 {
 	static const char *warn_msg = "refname '%.*s' is ambiguous.";
@@ -446,14 +705,14 @@ static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1,
 	"where \"$br\" is somehow empty and a 40-hex ref is created. Please\n"
 	"examine these refs and maybe delete them. Turn this message off by\n"
 	"running \"git config advice.objectNameWarning false\"");
-	unsigned char tmp_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id tmp_oid;
 	char *real_ref = NULL;
 	int refs_found = 0;
 	int at, reflog_len, nth_prior = 0;
 
-	if (len == 40 && !get_sha1_hex(str, sha1)) {
+	if (len == the_hash_algo->hexsz && !get_oid_hex(str, oid)) {
 		if (warn_ambiguous_refs && warn_on_object_refname_ambiguity) {
-			refs_found = dwim_ref(str, len, tmp_sha1, &real_ref);
+			refs_found = dwim_ref(str, len, &tmp_oid, &real_ref);
 			if (refs_found > 0) {
 				warning(warn_msg, len, str);
 				if (advice_object_name_warning)
@@ -476,7 +735,8 @@ static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1,
 					nth_prior = 1;
 					continue;
 				}
-				if (!upstream_mark(str + at, len - at)) {
+				if (!upstream_mark(str + at, len - at) &&
+				    !push_mark(str + at, len - at)) {
 					reflog_len = (len-1) - (at+2);
 					len = at;
 				}
@@ -494,7 +754,7 @@ static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1,
 		int detached;
 
 		if (interpret_nth_prior_checkout(str, len, &buf) > 0) {
-			detached = (buf.len == 40 && !get_sha1_hex(buf.buf, sha1));
+			detached = (buf.len == the_hash_algo->hexsz && !get_oid_hex(buf.buf, oid));
 			strbuf_release(&buf);
 			if (detached)
 				return 0;
@@ -503,24 +763,24 @@ static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1,
 
 	if (!len && reflog_len)
 		/* allow "@{...}" to mean the current branch reflog */
-		refs_found = dwim_ref("HEAD", 4, sha1, &real_ref);
+		refs_found = dwim_ref("HEAD", 4, oid, &real_ref);
 	else if (reflog_len)
-		refs_found = dwim_log(str, len, sha1, &real_ref);
+		refs_found = dwim_log(str, len, oid, &real_ref);
 	else
-		refs_found = dwim_ref(str, len, sha1, &real_ref);
+		refs_found = dwim_ref(str, len, oid, &real_ref);
 
 	if (!refs_found)
 		return -1;
 
-	if (warn_ambiguous_refs && !(flags & GET_SHA1_QUIETLY) &&
+	if (warn_ambiguous_refs && !(flags & GET_OID_QUIETLY) &&
 	    (refs_found > 1 ||
-	     !get_short_sha1(str, len, tmp_sha1, GET_SHA1_QUIETLY)))
+	     !get_short_oid(str, len, &tmp_oid, GET_OID_QUIETLY)))
 		warning(warn_msg, len, str);
 
 	if (reflog_len) {
 		int nth, i;
-		unsigned long at_time;
-		unsigned long co_time;
+		timestamp_t at_time;
+		timestamp_t co_time;
 		int co_tz, co_cnt;
 
 		/* Is it asking for N-th entry, or approxidate? */
@@ -546,7 +806,7 @@ static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1,
 				return -1;
 			}
 		}
-		if (read_ref_at(real_ref, flags, at_time, nth, sha1, NULL,
+		if (read_ref_at(real_ref, flags, at_time, nth, oid, NULL,
 				&co_time, &co_tz, &co_cnt)) {
 			if (!len) {
 				if (starts_with(real_ref, "refs/heads/")) {
@@ -559,13 +819,13 @@ static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1,
 				}
 			}
 			if (at_time) {
-				if (!(flags & GET_SHA1_QUIETLY)) {
+				if (!(flags & GET_OID_QUIETLY)) {
 					warning("Log for '%.*s' only goes "
 						"back to %s.", len, str,
-						show_date(co_time, co_tz, DATE_RFC2822));
+						show_date(co_time, co_tz, DATE_MODE(RFC2822)));
 				}
 			} else {
-				if (flags & GET_SHA1_QUIETLY) {
+				if (flags & GET_OID_QUIETLY) {
 					exit(128);
 				}
 				die("Log for '%.*s' only has %d entries.",
@@ -579,26 +839,26 @@ static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1,
 }
 
 static int get_parent(const char *name, int len,
-		      unsigned char *result, int idx)
+		      struct object_id *result, int idx)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int ret = get_sha1_1(name, len, sha1, GET_SHA1_COMMITTISH);
+	struct object_id oid;
+	int ret = get_oid_1(name, len, &oid, GET_OID_COMMITTISH);
 	struct commit *commit;
 	struct commit_list *p;
 
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &oid);
 	if (parse_commit(commit))
 		return -1;
 	if (!idx) {
-		hashcpy(result, commit->object.sha1);
+		oidcpy(result, &commit->object.oid);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	p = commit->parents;
 	while (p) {
 		if (!--idx) {
-			hashcpy(result, p->item->object.sha1);
+			oidcpy(result, &p->item->object.oid);
 			return 0;
 		}
 		p = p->next;
@@ -607,16 +867,16 @@ static int get_parent(const char *name, int len,
 }
 
 static int get_nth_ancestor(const char *name, int len,
-			    unsigned char *result, int generation)
+			    struct object_id *result, int generation)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	int ret;
 
-	ret = get_sha1_1(name, len, sha1, GET_SHA1_COMMITTISH);
+	ret = get_oid_1(name, len, &oid, GET_OID_COMMITTISH);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &oid);
 	if (!commit)
 		return -1;
 
@@ -625,7 +885,7 @@ static int get_nth_ancestor(const char *name, int len,
 			return -1;
 		commit = commit->parents->item;
 	}
-	hashcpy(result, commit->object.sha1);
+	oidcpy(result, &commit->object.oid);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -635,31 +895,31 @@ struct object *peel_to_type(const char *name, int namelen,
 	if (name && !namelen)
 		namelen = strlen(name);
 	while (1) {
-		if (!o || (!o->parsed && !parse_object(o->sha1)))
+		if (!o || (!o->parsed && !parse_object(the_repository, &o->oid)))
 			return NULL;
 		if (expected_type == OBJ_ANY || o->type == expected_type)
 			return o;
 		if (o->type == OBJ_TAG)
 			o = ((struct tag*) o)->tagged;
 		else if (o->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
-			o = &(((struct commit *) o)->tree->object);
+			o = &(get_commit_tree(((struct commit *)o))->object);
 		else {
 			if (name)
 				error("%.*s: expected %s type, but the object "
 				      "dereferences to %s type",
-				      namelen, name, typename(expected_type),
-				      typename(o->type));
+				      namelen, name, type_name(expected_type),
+				      type_name(o->type));
 			return NULL;
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-static int peel_onion(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
+static int peel_onion(const char *name, int len, struct object_id *oid,
+		      unsigned lookup_flags)
 {
-	unsigned char outer[20];
+	struct object_id outer;
 	const char *sp;
 	unsigned int expected_type = 0;
-	unsigned lookup_flags = 0;
 	struct object *o;
 
 	/*
@@ -699,22 +959,23 @@ static int peel_onion(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 	else
 		return -1;
 
+	lookup_flags &= ~GET_OID_DISAMBIGUATORS;
 	if (expected_type == OBJ_COMMIT)
-		lookup_flags = GET_SHA1_COMMITTISH;
+		lookup_flags |= GET_OID_COMMITTISH;
 	else if (expected_type == OBJ_TREE)
-		lookup_flags = GET_SHA1_TREEISH;
+		lookup_flags |= GET_OID_TREEISH;
 
-	if (get_sha1_1(name, sp - name - 2, outer, lookup_flags))
+	if (get_oid_1(name, sp - name - 2, &outer, lookup_flags))
 		return -1;
 
-	o = parse_object(outer);
+	o = parse_object(the_repository, &outer);
 	if (!o)
 		return -1;
 	if (!expected_type) {
-		o = deref_tag(o, name, sp - name - 2);
-		if (!o || (!o->parsed && !parse_object(o->sha1)))
+		o = deref_tag(the_repository, o, name, sp - name - 2);
+		if (!o || (!o->parsed && !parse_object(the_repository, &o->oid)))
 			return -1;
-		hashcpy(sha1, o->sha1);
+		oidcpy(oid, &o->oid);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -727,7 +988,7 @@ static int peel_onion(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 	if (!o)
 		return -1;
 
-	hashcpy(sha1, o->sha1);
+	oidcpy(oid, &o->oid);
 	if (sp[0] == '/') {
 		/* "$commit^{/foo}" */
 		char *prefix;
@@ -743,35 +1004,35 @@ static int peel_onion(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 
 		prefix = xstrndup(sp + 1, name + len - 1 - (sp + 1));
 		commit_list_insert((struct commit *)o, &list);
-		ret = get_sha1_oneline(prefix, sha1, list);
+		ret = get_oid_oneline(prefix, oid, list);
 		free(prefix);
 		return ret;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int get_describe_name(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
+static int get_describe_name(const char *name, int len, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	const char *cp;
-	unsigned flags = GET_SHA1_QUIETLY | GET_SHA1_COMMIT;
+	unsigned flags = GET_OID_QUIETLY | GET_OID_COMMIT;
 
 	for (cp = name + len - 1; name + 2 <= cp; cp--) {
 		char ch = *cp;
-		if (hexval(ch) & ~0377) {
+		if (!isxdigit(ch)) {
 			/* We must be looking at g in "SOMETHING-g"
 			 * for it to be describe output.
 			 */
 			if (ch == 'g' && cp[-1] == '-') {
 				cp++;
 				len -= cp - name;
-				return get_short_sha1(cp, len, sha1, flags);
+				return get_short_oid(cp, len, oid, flags);
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static int get_sha1_1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1, unsigned lookup_flags)
+static int get_oid_1(const char *name, int len, struct object_id *oid, unsigned lookup_flags)
 {
 	int ret, has_suffix;
 	const char *cp;
@@ -798,25 +1059,25 @@ static int get_sha1_1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1, unsigned l
 		if (!num && len1 == len - 1)
 			num = 1;
 		if (has_suffix == '^')
-			return get_parent(name, len1, sha1, num);
+			return get_parent(name, len1, oid, num);
 		/* else if (has_suffix == '~') -- goes without saying */
-		return get_nth_ancestor(name, len1, sha1, num);
+		return get_nth_ancestor(name, len1, oid, num);
 	}
 
-	ret = peel_onion(name, len, sha1);
+	ret = peel_onion(name, len, oid, lookup_flags);
 	if (!ret)
 		return 0;
 
-	ret = get_sha1_basic(name, len, sha1, lookup_flags);
+	ret = get_oid_basic(name, len, oid, lookup_flags);
 	if (!ret)
 		return 0;
 
 	/* It could be describe output that is "SOMETHING-gXXXX" */
-	ret = get_describe_name(name, len, sha1);
+	ret = get_describe_name(name, len, oid);
 	if (!ret)
 		return 0;
 
-	return get_short_sha1(name, len, sha1, lookup_flags);
+	return get_short_oid(name, len, oid, lookup_flags);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -824,22 +1085,27 @@ static int get_sha1_1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1, unsigned l
  * through history and returning the first commit whose message starts
  * the given regular expression.
  *
- * For future extension, ':/!' is reserved. If you want to match a message
- * beginning with a '!', you have to repeat the exclamation mark.
+ * For negative-matching, prefix the pattern-part with '!-', like: ':/!-WIP'.
+ *
+ * For a literal '!' character at the beginning of a pattern, you have to repeat
+ * that, like: ':/!!foo'
+ *
+ * For future extension, all other sequences beginning with ':/!' are reserved.
  */
 
 /* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
 #define ONELINE_SEEN (1u<<20)
 
-static int handle_one_ref(const char *path,
-		const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int handle_one_ref(const char *path, const struct object_id *oid,
+			  int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct commit_list **list = cb_data;
-	struct object *object = parse_object(sha1);
+	struct object *object = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
 	if (!object)
 		return 0;
 	if (object->type == OBJ_TAG) {
-		object = deref_tag(object, path, strlen(path));
+		object = deref_tag(the_repository, object, path,
+				   strlen(path));
 		if (!object)
 			return 0;
 	}
@@ -849,21 +1115,27 @@ static int handle_one_ref(const char *path,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int get_sha1_oneline(const char *prefix, unsigned char *sha1,
+static int get_oid_oneline(const char *prefix, struct object_id *oid,
 			    struct commit_list *list)
 {
 	struct commit_list *backup = NULL, *l;
 	int found = 0;
+	int negative = 0;
 	regex_t regex;
 
 	if (prefix[0] == '!') {
-		if (prefix[1] != '!')
-			die ("Invalid search pattern: %s", prefix);
 		prefix++;
+
+		if (prefix[0] == '-') {
+			prefix++;
+			negative = 1;
+		} else if (prefix[0] != '!') {
+			return -1;
+		}
 	}
 
 	if (regcomp(&regex, prefix, REG_EXTENDED))
-		die("Invalid search pattern: %s", prefix);
+		return -1;
 
 	for (l = list; l; l = l->next) {
 		l->item->object.flags |= ONELINE_SEEN;
@@ -875,15 +1147,15 @@ static int get_sha1_oneline(const char *prefix, unsigned char *sha1,
 		int matches;
 
 		commit = pop_most_recent_commit(&list, ONELINE_SEEN);
-		if (!parse_object(commit->object.sha1))
+		if (!parse_object(the_repository, &commit->object.oid))
 			continue;
 		buf = get_commit_buffer(commit, NULL);
 		p = strstr(buf, "\n\n");
-		matches = p && !regexec(&regex, p + 2, 0, NULL, 0);
+		matches = negative ^ (p && !regexec(&regex, p + 2, 0, NULL, 0));
 		unuse_commit_buffer(commit, buf);
 
 		if (matches) {
-			hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
+			oidcpy(oid, &commit->object.oid);
 			found = 1;
 			break;
 		}
@@ -901,8 +1173,8 @@ struct grab_nth_branch_switch_cbdata {
 	struct strbuf buf;
 };
 
-static int grab_nth_branch_switch(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
-				  const char *email, unsigned long timestamp, int tz,
+static int grab_nth_branch_switch(struct object_id *ooid, struct object_id *noid,
+				  const char *email, timestamp_t timestamp, int tz,
 				  const char *message, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct grab_nth_branch_switch_cbdata *cb = cb_data;
@@ -962,35 +1234,35 @@ static int interpret_nth_prior_checkout(const char *name, int namelen,
 	return retval;
 }
 
-int get_sha1_mb(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
+int get_oid_mb(const char *name, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct commit *one, *two;
 	struct commit_list *mbs;
-	unsigned char sha1_tmp[20];
+	struct object_id oid_tmp;
 	const char *dots;
 	int st;
 
 	dots = strstr(name, "...");
 	if (!dots)
-		return get_sha1(name, sha1);
+		return get_oid(name, oid);
 	if (dots == name)
-		st = get_sha1("HEAD", sha1_tmp);
+		st = get_oid("HEAD", &oid_tmp);
 	else {
 		struct strbuf sb;
 		strbuf_init(&sb, dots - name);
 		strbuf_add(&sb, name, dots - name);
-		st = get_sha1_committish(sb.buf, sha1_tmp);
+		st = get_oid_committish(sb.buf, &oid_tmp);
 		strbuf_release(&sb);
 	}
 	if (st)
 		return st;
-	one = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1_tmp, 0);
+	one = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, &oid_tmp, 0);
 	if (!one)
 		return -1;
 
-	if (get_sha1_committish(dots[3] ? (dots + 3) : "HEAD", sha1_tmp))
+	if (get_oid_committish(dots[3] ? (dots + 3) : "HEAD", &oid_tmp))
 		return -1;
-	two = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1_tmp, 0);
+	two = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, &oid_tmp, 0);
 	if (!two)
 		return -1;
 	mbs = get_merge_bases(one, two);
@@ -998,7 +1270,7 @@ int get_sha1_mb(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
 		st = -1;
 	else {
 		st = 0;
-		hashcpy(sha1, mbs->item->object.sha1);
+		oidcpy(oid, &mbs->item->object.oid);
 	}
 	free_commit_list(mbs);
 	return st;
@@ -1026,7 +1298,8 @@ static int interpret_empty_at(const char *name, int namelen, int len, struct str
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int reinterpret(const char *name, int namelen, int len, struct strbuf *buf)
+static int reinterpret(const char *name, int namelen, int len,
+		       struct strbuf *buf, unsigned allowed)
 {
 	/* we have extra data, which might need further processing */
 	struct strbuf tmp = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -1034,7 +1307,7 @@ static int reinterpret(const char *name, int namelen, int len, struct strbuf *bu
 	int ret;
 
 	strbuf_add(buf, name + len, namelen - len);
-	ret = interpret_branch_name(buf->buf, buf->len, &tmp);
+	ret = interpret_branch_name(buf->buf, buf->len, &tmp, allowed);
 	/* that data was not interpreted, remove our cruft */
 	if (ret < 0) {
 		strbuf_setlen(buf, used);
@@ -1055,97 +1328,100 @@ static void set_shortened_ref(struct strbuf *buf, const char *ref)
 	free(s);
 }
 
-static const char *get_upstream_branch(const char *branch_buf, int len)
+static int branch_interpret_allowed(const char *refname, unsigned allowed)
 {
-	char *branch = xstrndup(branch_buf, len);
-	struct branch *upstream = branch_get(*branch ? branch : NULL);
+	if (!allowed)
+		return 1;
 
-	/*
-	 * Upstream can be NULL only if branch refers to HEAD and HEAD
-	 * points to something different than a branch.
-	 */
-	if (!upstream)
-		die(_("HEAD does not point to a branch"));
-	if (!upstream->merge || !upstream->merge[0]->dst) {
-		if (!ref_exists(upstream->refname))
-			die(_("No such branch: '%s'"), branch);
-		if (!upstream->merge) {
-			die(_("No upstream configured for branch '%s'"),
-				upstream->name);
-		}
-		die(
-			_("Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"),
-			upstream->merge[0]->src);
-	}
-	free(branch);
+	if ((allowed & INTERPRET_BRANCH_LOCAL) &&
+	    starts_with(refname, "refs/heads/"))
+		return 1;
+	if ((allowed & INTERPRET_BRANCH_REMOTE) &&
+	    starts_with(refname, "refs/remotes/"))
+		return 1;
 
-	return upstream->merge[0]->dst;
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static int interpret_upstream_mark(const char *name, int namelen,
-				   int at, struct strbuf *buf)
+static int interpret_branch_mark(const char *name, int namelen,
+				 int at, struct strbuf *buf,
+				 int (*get_mark)(const char *, int),
+				 const char *(*get_data)(struct branch *,
+							 struct strbuf *),
+				 unsigned allowed)
 {
 	int len;
+	struct branch *branch;
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *value;
 
-	len = upstream_mark(name + at, namelen - at);
+	len = get_mark(name + at, namelen - at);
 	if (!len)
 		return -1;
 
 	if (memchr(name, ':', at))
 		return -1;
 
-	set_shortened_ref(buf, get_upstream_branch(name, at));
+	if (at) {
+		char *name_str = xmemdupz(name, at);
+		branch = branch_get(name_str);
+		free(name_str);
+	} else
+		branch = branch_get(NULL);
+
+	value = get_data(branch, &err);
+	if (!value)
+		die("%s", err.buf);
+
+	if (!branch_interpret_allowed(value, allowed))
+		return -1;
+
+	set_shortened_ref(buf, value);
 	return len + at;
 }
 
-/*
- * This reads short-hand syntax that not only evaluates to a commit
- * object name, but also can act as if the end user spelled the name
- * of the branch from the command line.
- *
- * - "@{-N}" finds the name of the Nth previous branch we were on, and
- *   places the name of the branch in the given buf and returns the
- *   number of characters parsed if successful.
- *
- * - "<branch>@{upstream}" finds the name of the other ref that
- *   <branch> is configured to merge with (missing <branch> defaults
- *   to the current branch), and places the name of the branch in the
- *   given buf and returns the number of characters parsed if
- *   successful.
- *
- * If the input is not of the accepted format, it returns a negative
- * number to signal an error.
- *
- * If the input was ok but there are not N branch switches in the
- * reflog, it returns 0.
- */
-int interpret_branch_name(const char *name, int namelen, struct strbuf *buf)
+int interpret_branch_name(const char *name, int namelen, struct strbuf *buf,
+			  unsigned allowed)
 {
 	char *at;
 	const char *start;
-	int len = interpret_nth_prior_checkout(name, namelen, buf);
+	int len;
 
 	if (!namelen)
 		namelen = strlen(name);
 
-	if (!len) {
-		return len; /* syntax Ok, not enough switches */
-	} else if (len > 0) {
-		if (len == namelen)
-			return len; /* consumed all */
-		else
-			return reinterpret(name, namelen, len, buf);
+	if (!allowed || (allowed & INTERPRET_BRANCH_LOCAL)) {
+		len = interpret_nth_prior_checkout(name, namelen, buf);
+		if (!len) {
+			return len; /* syntax Ok, not enough switches */
+		} else if (len > 0) {
+			if (len == namelen)
+				return len; /* consumed all */
+			else
+				return reinterpret(name, namelen, len, buf, allowed);
+		}
 	}
 
 	for (start = name;
 	     (at = memchr(start, '@', namelen - (start - name)));
 	     start = at + 1) {
 
-		len = interpret_empty_at(name, namelen, at - name, buf);
+		if (!allowed || (allowed & INTERPRET_BRANCH_HEAD)) {
+			len = interpret_empty_at(name, namelen, at - name, buf);
+			if (len > 0)
+				return reinterpret(name, namelen, len, buf,
+						   allowed);
+		}
+
+		len = interpret_branch_mark(name, namelen, at - name, buf,
+					    upstream_mark, branch_get_upstream,
+					    allowed);
 		if (len > 0)
-			return reinterpret(name, namelen, len, buf);
+			return len;
 
-		len = interpret_upstream_mark(name, namelen, at - name, buf);
+		len = interpret_branch_mark(name, namelen, at - name, buf,
+					    push_mark, branch_get_push,
+					    allowed);
 		if (len > 0)
 			return len;
 	}
@@ -1153,38 +1429,49 @@ int interpret_branch_name(const char *name, int namelen, struct strbuf *buf)
 	return -1;
 }
 
-int strbuf_branchname(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name)
+void strbuf_branchname(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name, unsigned allowed)
 {
 	int len = strlen(name);
-	int used = interpret_branch_name(name, len, sb);
+	int used = interpret_branch_name(name, len, sb, allowed);
 
-	if (used == len)
-		return 0;
 	if (used < 0)
 		used = 0;
 	strbuf_add(sb, name + used, len - used);
-	return len;
 }
 
 int strbuf_check_branch_ref(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name)
 {
-	strbuf_branchname(sb, name);
-	if (name[0] == '-')
-		return -1;
+	if (startup_info->have_repository)
+		strbuf_branchname(sb, name, INTERPRET_BRANCH_LOCAL);
+	else
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, name);
+
+	/*
+	 * This splice must be done even if we end up rejecting the
+	 * name; builtin/branch.c::copy_or_rename_branch() still wants
+	 * to see what the name expanded to so that "branch -m" can be
+	 * used as a tool to correct earlier mistakes.
+	 */
 	strbuf_splice(sb, 0, 0, "refs/heads/", 11);
+
+	if (*name == '-' ||
+	    !strcmp(sb->buf, "refs/heads/HEAD"))
+		return -1;
+
 	return check_refname_format(sb->buf, 0);
 }
 
 /*
- * This is like "get_sha1_basic()", except it allows "sha1 expressions",
+ * This is like "get_oid_basic()", except it allows "object ID expressions",
  * notably "xyz^" for "parent of xyz"
  */
-int get_sha1(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
+int get_oid(const char *name, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct object_context unused;
-	return get_sha1_with_context(name, 0, sha1, &unused);
+	return get_oid_with_context(name, 0, oid, &unused);
 }
 
+
 /*
  * Many callers know that the user meant to name a commit-ish by
  * syntactical positions where the object name appears.  Calling this
@@ -1195,63 +1482,61 @@ int get_sha1(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
  * commit-ish. It is merely to give a hint to the disambiguation
  * machinery.
  */
-int get_sha1_committish(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
+int get_oid_committish(const char *name, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct object_context unused;
-	return get_sha1_with_context(name, GET_SHA1_COMMITTISH,
-				     sha1, &unused);
+	return get_oid_with_context(name, GET_OID_COMMITTISH,
+				    oid, &unused);
 }
 
-int get_sha1_treeish(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
+int get_oid_treeish(const char *name, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct object_context unused;
-	return get_sha1_with_context(name, GET_SHA1_TREEISH,
-				     sha1, &unused);
+	return get_oid_with_context(name, GET_OID_TREEISH,
+				    oid, &unused);
 }
 
-int get_sha1_commit(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
+int get_oid_commit(const char *name, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct object_context unused;
-	return get_sha1_with_context(name, GET_SHA1_COMMIT,
-				     sha1, &unused);
+	return get_oid_with_context(name, GET_OID_COMMIT,
+				    oid, &unused);
 }
 
-int get_sha1_tree(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
+int get_oid_tree(const char *name, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct object_context unused;
-	return get_sha1_with_context(name, GET_SHA1_TREE,
-				     sha1, &unused);
+	return get_oid_with_context(name, GET_OID_TREE,
+				    oid, &unused);
 }
 
-int get_sha1_blob(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
+int get_oid_blob(const char *name, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct object_context unused;
-	return get_sha1_with_context(name, GET_SHA1_BLOB,
-				     sha1, &unused);
+	return get_oid_with_context(name, GET_OID_BLOB,
+				    oid, &unused);
 }
 
 /* Must be called only when object_name:filename doesn't exist. */
-static void diagnose_invalid_sha1_path(const char *prefix,
-				       const char *filename,
-				       const unsigned char *tree_sha1,
-				       const char *object_name,
-				       int object_name_len)
+static void diagnose_invalid_oid_path(const char *prefix,
+				      const char *filename,
+				      const struct object_id *tree_oid,
+				      const char *object_name,
+				      int object_name_len)
 {
-	struct stat st;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	unsigned mode;
 
 	if (!prefix)
 		prefix = "";
 
-	if (!lstat(filename, &st))
+	if (file_exists(filename))
 		die("Path '%s' exists on disk, but not in '%.*s'.",
 		    filename, object_name_len, object_name);
-	if (errno == ENOENT || errno == ENOTDIR) {
+	if (is_missing_file_error(errno)) {
 		char *fullname = xstrfmt("%s%s", prefix, filename);
 
-		if (!get_tree_entry(tree_sha1, fullname,
-				    sha1, &mode)) {
+		if (!get_tree_entry(tree_oid, fullname, &oid, &mode)) {
 			die("Path '%s' exists, but not '%s'.\n"
 			    "Did you mean '%.*s:%s' aka '%.*s:./%s'?",
 			    fullname,
@@ -1271,12 +1556,10 @@ static void diagnose_invalid_index_path(int stage,
 					const char *prefix,
 					const char *filename)
 {
-	struct stat st;
 	const struct cache_entry *ce;
 	int pos;
 	unsigned namelen = strlen(filename);
-	unsigned fullnamelen;
-	char *fullname;
+	struct strbuf fullname = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (!prefix)
 		prefix = "";
@@ -1296,31 +1579,29 @@ static void diagnose_invalid_index_path(int stage,
 	}
 
 	/* Confusion between relative and absolute filenames? */
-	fullnamelen = namelen + strlen(prefix);
-	fullname = xmalloc(fullnamelen + 1);
-	strcpy(fullname, prefix);
-	strcat(fullname, filename);
-	pos = cache_name_pos(fullname, fullnamelen);
+	strbuf_addstr(&fullname, prefix);
+	strbuf_addstr(&fullname, filename);
+	pos = cache_name_pos(fullname.buf, fullname.len);
 	if (pos < 0)
 		pos = -pos - 1;
 	if (pos < active_nr) {
 		ce = active_cache[pos];
-		if (ce_namelen(ce) == fullnamelen &&
-		    !memcmp(ce->name, fullname, fullnamelen))
+		if (ce_namelen(ce) == fullname.len &&
+		    !memcmp(ce->name, fullname.buf, fullname.len))
 			die("Path '%s' is in the index, but not '%s'.\n"
 			    "Did you mean ':%d:%s' aka ':%d:./%s'?",
-			    fullname, filename,
-			    ce_stage(ce), fullname,
+			    fullname.buf, filename,
+			    ce_stage(ce), fullname.buf,
 			    ce_stage(ce), filename);
 	}
 
-	if (!lstat(filename, &st))
+	if (file_exists(filename))
 		die("Path '%s' exists on disk, but not in the index.", filename);
-	if (errno == ENOENT || errno == ENOTDIR)
+	if (is_missing_file_error(errno))
 		die("Path '%s' does not exist (neither on disk nor in the index).",
 		    filename);
 
-	free(fullname);
+	strbuf_release(&fullname);
 }
 
 
@@ -1329,9 +1610,6 @@ static char *resolve_relative_path(const char *rel)
 	if (!starts_with(rel, "./") && !starts_with(rel, "../"))
 		return NULL;
 
-	if (!startup_info)
-		die("BUG: startup_info struct is not initialized.");
-
 	if (!is_inside_work_tree())
 		die("relative path syntax can't be used outside working tree.");
 
@@ -1341,20 +1619,24 @@ static char *resolve_relative_path(const char *rel)
 			   rel);
 }
 
-static int get_sha1_with_context_1(const char *name,
-				   unsigned flags,
-				   const char *prefix,
-				   unsigned char *sha1,
-				   struct object_context *oc)
+static int get_oid_with_context_1(const char *name,
+				  unsigned flags,
+				  const char *prefix,
+				  struct object_id *oid,
+				  struct object_context *oc)
 {
 	int ret, bracket_depth;
 	int namelen = strlen(name);
 	const char *cp;
-	int only_to_die = flags & GET_SHA1_ONLY_TO_DIE;
+	int only_to_die = flags & GET_OID_ONLY_TO_DIE;
+
+	if (only_to_die)
+		flags |= GET_OID_QUIETLY;
 
 	memset(oc, 0, sizeof(*oc));
 	oc->mode = S_IFINVALID;
-	ret = get_sha1_1(name, namelen, sha1, flags);
+	strbuf_init(&oc->symlink_path, 0);
+	ret = get_oid_1(name, namelen, oid, flags);
 	if (!ret)
 		return ret;
 	/*
@@ -1371,9 +1653,11 @@ static int get_sha1_with_context_1(const char *name,
 		int pos;
 		if (!only_to_die && namelen > 2 && name[1] == '/') {
 			struct commit_list *list = NULL;
+
 			for_each_ref(handle_one_ref, &list);
+			head_ref(handle_one_ref, &list);
 			commit_list_sort_by_date(&list);
-			return get_sha1_oneline(name + 2, sha1, list);
+			return get_oid_oneline(name + 2, oid, list);
 		}
 		if (namelen < 3 ||
 		    name[2] != ':' ||
@@ -1391,7 +1675,8 @@ static int get_sha1_with_context_1(const char *name,
 			namelen = strlen(cp);
 		}
 
-		strlcpy(oc->path, cp, sizeof(oc->path));
+		if (flags & GET_OID_RECORD_PATH)
+			oc->path = xstrdup(cp);
 
 		if (!active_cache)
 			read_cache();
@@ -1404,7 +1689,7 @@ static int get_sha1_with_context_1(const char *name,
 			    memcmp(ce->name, cp, namelen))
 				break;
 			if (ce_stage(ce) == stage) {
-				hashcpy(sha1, ce->sha1);
+				oidcpy(oid, &ce->oid);
 				oc->mode = ce->ce_mode;
 				free(new_path);
 				return 0;
@@ -1425,23 +1710,36 @@ static int get_sha1_with_context_1(const char *name,
 			break;
 	}
 	if (*cp == ':') {
-		unsigned char tree_sha1[20];
+		struct object_id tree_oid;
 		int len = cp - name;
-		if (!get_sha1_1(name, len, tree_sha1, GET_SHA1_TREEISH)) {
+		unsigned sub_flags = flags;
+
+		sub_flags &= ~GET_OID_DISAMBIGUATORS;
+		sub_flags |= GET_OID_TREEISH;
+
+		if (!get_oid_1(name, len, &tree_oid, sub_flags)) {
 			const char *filename = cp+1;
 			char *new_filename = NULL;
 
 			new_filename = resolve_relative_path(filename);
 			if (new_filename)
 				filename = new_filename;
-			ret = get_tree_entry(tree_sha1, filename, sha1, &oc->mode);
-			if (ret && only_to_die) {
-				diagnose_invalid_sha1_path(prefix, filename,
-							   tree_sha1,
-							   name, len);
+			if (flags & GET_OID_FOLLOW_SYMLINKS) {
+				ret = get_tree_entry_follow_symlinks(&tree_oid,
+					filename, oid, &oc->symlink_path,
+					&oc->mode);
+			} else {
+				ret = get_tree_entry(&tree_oid, filename, oid,
+						     &oc->mode);
+				if (ret && only_to_die) {
+					diagnose_invalid_oid_path(prefix,
+								   filename,
+								   &tree_oid,
+								   name, len);
+				}
 			}
-			hashcpy(oc->tree, tree_sha1);
-			strlcpy(oc->path, filename, sizeof(oc->path));
+			if (flags & GET_OID_RECORD_PATH)
+				oc->path = xstrdup(filename);
 
 			free(new_filename);
 			return ret;
@@ -1463,11 +1761,13 @@ static int get_sha1_with_context_1(const char *name,
 void maybe_die_on_misspelt_object_name(const char *name, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct object_context oc;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	get_sha1_with_context_1(name, GET_SHA1_ONLY_TO_DIE, prefix, sha1, &oc);
+	struct object_id oid;
+	get_oid_with_context_1(name, GET_OID_ONLY_TO_DIE, prefix, &oid, &oc);
 }
 
-int get_sha1_with_context(const char *str, unsigned flags, unsigned char *sha1, struct object_context *orc)
+int get_oid_with_context(const char *str, unsigned flags, struct object_id *oid, struct object_context *oc)
 {
-	return get_sha1_with_context_1(str, flags, NULL, sha1, orc);
+	if (flags & GET_OID_FOLLOW_SYMLINKS && flags & GET_OID_ONLY_TO_DIE)
+		BUG("incompatible flags for get_sha1_with_context");
+	return get_oid_with_context_1(str, flags, NULL, oid, oc);
 }
diff --git a/sha1_file.c b/sha1_file.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 88f06bac92..0000000000
--- a/sha1_file.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3467 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * GIT - The information manager from hell
- *
- * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
- *
- * This handles basic git sha1 object files - packing, unpacking,
- * creation etc.
- */
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "string-list.h"
-#include "lockfile.h"
-#include "delta.h"
-#include "pack.h"
-#include "blob.h"
-#include "commit.h"
-#include "run-command.h"
-#include "tag.h"
-#include "tree.h"
-#include "tree-walk.h"
-#include "refs.h"
-#include "pack-revindex.h"
-#include "sha1-lookup.h"
-#include "bulk-checkin.h"
-#include "streaming.h"
-#include "dir.h"
-
-#ifndef O_NOATIME
-#if defined(__linux__) && (defined(__i386__) || defined(__PPC__))
-#define O_NOATIME 01000000
-#else
-#define O_NOATIME 0
-#endif
-#endif
-
-#define SZ_FMT PRIuMAX
-static inline uintmax_t sz_fmt(size_t s) { return s; }
-
-const unsigned char null_sha1[20];
-
-/*
- * This is meant to hold a *small* number of objects that you would
- * want read_sha1_file() to be able to return, but yet you do not want
- * to write them into the object store (e.g. a browse-only
- * application).
- */
-static struct cached_object {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	enum object_type type;
-	void *buf;
-	unsigned long size;
-} *cached_objects;
-static int cached_object_nr, cached_object_alloc;
-
-static struct cached_object empty_tree = {
-	EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN_LITERAL,
-	OBJ_TREE,
-	"",
-	0
-};
-
-/*
- * A pointer to the last packed_git in which an object was found.
- * When an object is sought, we look in this packfile first, because
- * objects that are looked up at similar times are often in the same
- * packfile as one another.
- */
-static struct packed_git *last_found_pack;
-
-static struct cached_object *find_cached_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	int i;
-	struct cached_object *co = cached_objects;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < cached_object_nr; i++, co++) {
-		if (!hashcmp(co->sha1, sha1))
-			return co;
-	}
-	if (!hashcmp(sha1, empty_tree.sha1))
-		return &empty_tree;
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-int mkdir_in_gitdir(const char *path)
-{
-	if (mkdir(path, 0777)) {
-		int saved_errno = errno;
-		struct stat st;
-		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-		if (errno != EEXIST)
-			return -1;
-		/*
-		 * Are we looking at a path in a symlinked worktree
-		 * whose original repository does not yet have it?
-		 * e.g. .git/rr-cache pointing at its original
-		 * repository in which the user hasn't performed any
-		 * conflict resolution yet?
-		 */
-		if (lstat(path, &st) || !S_ISLNK(st.st_mode) ||
-		    strbuf_readlink(&sb, path, st.st_size) ||
-		    !is_absolute_path(sb.buf) ||
-		    mkdir(sb.buf, 0777)) {
-			strbuf_release(&sb);
-			errno = saved_errno;
-			return -1;
-		}
-		strbuf_release(&sb);
-	}
-	return adjust_shared_perm(path);
-}
-
-enum scld_error safe_create_leading_directories(char *path)
-{
-	char *next_component = path + offset_1st_component(path);
-	enum scld_error ret = SCLD_OK;
-
-	while (ret == SCLD_OK && next_component) {
-		struct stat st;
-		char *slash = next_component, slash_character;
-
-		while (*slash && !is_dir_sep(*slash))
-			slash++;
-
-		if (!*slash)
-			break;
-
-		next_component = slash + 1;
-		while (is_dir_sep(*next_component))
-			next_component++;
-		if (!*next_component)
-			break;
-
-		slash_character = *slash;
-		*slash = '\0';
-		if (!stat(path, &st)) {
-			/* path exists */
-			if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
-				ret = SCLD_EXISTS;
-		} else if (mkdir(path, 0777)) {
-			if (errno == EEXIST &&
-			    !stat(path, &st) && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
-				; /* somebody created it since we checked */
-			else if (errno == ENOENT)
-				/*
-				 * Either mkdir() failed because
-				 * somebody just pruned the containing
-				 * directory, or stat() failed because
-				 * the file that was in our way was
-				 * just removed.  Either way, inform
-				 * the caller that it might be worth
-				 * trying again:
-				 */
-				ret = SCLD_VANISHED;
-			else
-				ret = SCLD_FAILED;
-		} else if (adjust_shared_perm(path)) {
-			ret = SCLD_PERMS;
-		}
-		*slash = slash_character;
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
-
-enum scld_error safe_create_leading_directories_const(const char *path)
-{
-	/* path points to cache entries, so xstrdup before messing with it */
-	char *buf = xstrdup(path);
-	enum scld_error result = safe_create_leading_directories(buf);
-	free(buf);
-	return result;
-}
-
-static void fill_sha1_path(char *pathbuf, const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
-		static char hex[] = "0123456789abcdef";
-		unsigned int val = sha1[i];
-		char *pos = pathbuf + i*2 + (i > 0);
-		*pos++ = hex[val >> 4];
-		*pos = hex[val & 0xf];
-	}
-}
-
-const char *sha1_file_name(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	static char buf[PATH_MAX];
-	const char *objdir;
-	int len;
-
-	objdir = get_object_directory();
-	len = strlen(objdir);
-
-	/* '/' + sha1(2) + '/' + sha1(38) + '\0' */
-	if (len + 43 > PATH_MAX)
-		die("insanely long object directory %s", objdir);
-	memcpy(buf, objdir, len);
-	buf[len] = '/';
-	buf[len+3] = '/';
-	buf[len+42] = '\0';
-	fill_sha1_path(buf + len + 1, sha1);
-	return buf;
-}
-
-/*
- * Return the name of the pack or index file with the specified sha1
- * in its filename.  *base and *name are scratch space that must be
- * provided by the caller.  which should be "pack" or "idx".
- */
-static char *sha1_get_pack_name(const unsigned char *sha1,
-				char **name, char **base, const char *which)
-{
-	static const char hex[] = "0123456789abcdef";
-	char *buf;
-	int i;
-
-	if (!*base) {
-		const char *sha1_file_directory = get_object_directory();
-		int len = strlen(sha1_file_directory);
-		*base = xmalloc(len + 60);
-		sprintf(*base, "%s/pack/pack-1234567890123456789012345678901234567890.%s",
-			sha1_file_directory, which);
-		*name = *base + len + 11;
-	}
-
-	buf = *name;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
-		unsigned int val = *sha1++;
-		*buf++ = hex[val >> 4];
-		*buf++ = hex[val & 0xf];
-	}
-
-	return *base;
-}
-
-char *sha1_pack_name(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	static char *name, *base;
-
-	return sha1_get_pack_name(sha1, &name, &base, "pack");
-}
-
-char *sha1_pack_index_name(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	static char *name, *base;
-
-	return sha1_get_pack_name(sha1, &name, &base, "idx");
-}
-
-struct alternate_object_database *alt_odb_list;
-static struct alternate_object_database **alt_odb_tail;
-
-/*
- * Prepare alternate object database registry.
- *
- * The variable alt_odb_list points at the list of struct
- * alternate_object_database.  The elements on this list come from
- * non-empty elements from colon separated ALTERNATE_DB_ENVIRONMENT
- * environment variable, and $GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY/info/alternates,
- * whose contents is similar to that environment variable but can be
- * LF separated.  Its base points at a statically allocated buffer that
- * contains "/the/directory/corresponding/to/.git/objects/...", while
- * its name points just after the slash at the end of ".git/objects/"
- * in the example above, and has enough space to hold 40-byte hex
- * SHA1, an extra slash for the first level indirection, and the
- * terminating NUL.
- */
-static int link_alt_odb_entry(const char *entry, const char *relative_base,
-	int depth, const char *normalized_objdir)
-{
-	struct alternate_object_database *ent;
-	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
-	int pfxlen, entlen;
-	struct strbuf pathbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	if (!is_absolute_path(entry) && relative_base) {
-		strbuf_addstr(&pathbuf, real_path(relative_base));
-		strbuf_addch(&pathbuf, '/');
-	}
-	strbuf_addstr(&pathbuf, entry);
-
-	normalize_path_copy(pathbuf.buf, pathbuf.buf);
-
-	pfxlen = strlen(pathbuf.buf);
-
-	/*
-	 * The trailing slash after the directory name is given by
-	 * this function at the end. Remove duplicates.
-	 */
-	while (pfxlen && pathbuf.buf[pfxlen-1] == '/')
-		pfxlen -= 1;
-
-	entlen = pfxlen + 43; /* '/' + 2 hex + '/' + 38 hex + NUL */
-	ent = xmalloc(sizeof(*ent) + entlen);
-	memcpy(ent->base, pathbuf.buf, pfxlen);
-	strbuf_release(&pathbuf);
-
-	ent->name = ent->base + pfxlen + 1;
-	ent->base[pfxlen + 3] = '/';
-	ent->base[pfxlen] = ent->base[entlen-1] = 0;
-
-	/* Detect cases where alternate disappeared */
-	if (!is_directory(ent->base)) {
-		error("object directory %s does not exist; "
-		      "check .git/objects/info/alternates.",
-		      ent->base);
-		free(ent);
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	/* Prevent the common mistake of listing the same
-	 * thing twice, or object directory itself.
-	 */
-	for (alt = alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
-		if (pfxlen == alt->name - alt->base - 1 &&
-		    !memcmp(ent->base, alt->base, pfxlen)) {
-			free(ent);
-			return -1;
-		}
-	}
-	if (!strcmp_icase(ent->base, normalized_objdir)) {
-		free(ent);
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	/* add the alternate entry */
-	*alt_odb_tail = ent;
-	alt_odb_tail = &(ent->next);
-	ent->next = NULL;
-
-	/* recursively add alternates */
-	read_info_alternates(ent->base, depth + 1);
-
-	ent->base[pfxlen] = '/';
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void link_alt_odb_entries(const char *alt, int len, int sep,
-				 const char *relative_base, int depth)
-{
-	struct string_list entries = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
-	char *alt_copy;
-	int i;
-	struct strbuf objdirbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	if (depth > 5) {
-		error("%s: ignoring alternate object stores, nesting too deep.",
-				relative_base);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	strbuf_add_absolute_path(&objdirbuf, get_object_directory());
-	normalize_path_copy(objdirbuf.buf, objdirbuf.buf);
-
-	alt_copy = xmemdupz(alt, len);
-	string_list_split_in_place(&entries, alt_copy, sep, -1);
-	for (i = 0; i < entries.nr; i++) {
-		const char *entry = entries.items[i].string;
-		if (entry[0] == '\0' || entry[0] == '#')
-			continue;
-		if (!is_absolute_path(entry) && depth) {
-			error("%s: ignoring relative alternate object store %s",
-					relative_base, entry);
-		} else {
-			link_alt_odb_entry(entry, relative_base, depth, objdirbuf.buf);
-		}
-	}
-	string_list_clear(&entries, 0);
-	free(alt_copy);
-	strbuf_release(&objdirbuf);
-}
-
-void read_info_alternates(const char * relative_base, int depth)
-{
-	char *map;
-	size_t mapsz;
-	struct stat st;
-	const char alt_file_name[] = "info/alternates";
-	/* Given that relative_base is no longer than PATH_MAX,
-	   ensure that "path" has enough space to append "/", the
-	   file name, "info/alternates", and a trailing NUL.  */
-	char path[PATH_MAX + 1 + sizeof alt_file_name];
-	int fd;
-
-	sprintf(path, "%s/%s", relative_base, alt_file_name);
-	fd = git_open_noatime(path);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		return;
-	if (fstat(fd, &st) || (st.st_size == 0)) {
-		close(fd);
-		return;
-	}
-	mapsz = xsize_t(st.st_size);
-	map = xmmap(NULL, mapsz, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
-	close(fd);
-
-	link_alt_odb_entries(map, mapsz, '\n', relative_base, depth);
-
-	munmap(map, mapsz);
-}
-
-void add_to_alternates_file(const char *reference)
-{
-	struct lock_file *lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
-	int fd = hold_lock_file_for_append(lock, git_path("objects/info/alternates"), LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
-	char *alt = mkpath("%s\n", reference);
-	write_or_die(fd, alt, strlen(alt));
-	if (commit_lock_file(lock))
-		die("could not close alternates file");
-	if (alt_odb_tail)
-		link_alt_odb_entries(alt, strlen(alt), '\n', NULL, 0);
-}
-
-int foreach_alt_odb(alt_odb_fn fn, void *cb)
-{
-	struct alternate_object_database *ent;
-	int r = 0;
-
-	prepare_alt_odb();
-	for (ent = alt_odb_list; ent; ent = ent->next) {
-		r = fn(ent, cb);
-		if (r)
-			break;
-	}
-	return r;
-}
-
-void prepare_alt_odb(void)
-{
-	const char *alt;
-
-	if (alt_odb_tail)
-		return;
-
-	alt = getenv(ALTERNATE_DB_ENVIRONMENT);
-	if (!alt) alt = "";
-
-	alt_odb_tail = &alt_odb_list;
-	link_alt_odb_entries(alt, strlen(alt), PATH_SEP, NULL, 0);
-
-	read_info_alternates(get_object_directory(), 0);
-}
-
-static int freshen_file(const char *fn)
-{
-	struct utimbuf t;
-	t.actime = t.modtime = time(NULL);
-	return !utime(fn, &t);
-}
-
-static int check_and_freshen_file(const char *fn, int freshen)
-{
-	if (access(fn, F_OK))
-		return 0;
-	if (freshen && freshen_file(fn))
-		return 0;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int check_and_freshen_local(const unsigned char *sha1, int freshen)
-{
-	return check_and_freshen_file(sha1_file_name(sha1), freshen);
-}
-
-static int check_and_freshen_nonlocal(const unsigned char *sha1, int freshen)
-{
-	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
-	prepare_alt_odb();
-	for (alt = alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
-		fill_sha1_path(alt->name, sha1);
-		if (check_and_freshen_file(alt->base, freshen))
-			return 1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int check_and_freshen(const unsigned char *sha1, int freshen)
-{
-	return check_and_freshen_local(sha1, freshen) ||
-	       check_and_freshen_nonlocal(sha1, freshen);
-}
-
-int has_loose_object_nonlocal(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	return check_and_freshen_nonlocal(sha1, 0);
-}
-
-static int has_loose_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	return check_and_freshen(sha1, 0);
-}
-
-static unsigned int pack_used_ctr;
-static unsigned int pack_mmap_calls;
-static unsigned int peak_pack_open_windows;
-static unsigned int pack_open_windows;
-static unsigned int pack_open_fds;
-static unsigned int pack_max_fds;
-static size_t peak_pack_mapped;
-static size_t pack_mapped;
-struct packed_git *packed_git;
-
-void pack_report(void)
-{
-	fprintf(stderr,
-		"pack_report: getpagesize()            = %10" SZ_FMT "\n"
-		"pack_report: core.packedGitWindowSize = %10" SZ_FMT "\n"
-		"pack_report: core.packedGitLimit      = %10" SZ_FMT "\n",
-		sz_fmt(getpagesize()),
-		sz_fmt(packed_git_window_size),
-		sz_fmt(packed_git_limit));
-	fprintf(stderr,
-		"pack_report: pack_used_ctr            = %10u\n"
-		"pack_report: pack_mmap_calls          = %10u\n"
-		"pack_report: pack_open_windows        = %10u / %10u\n"
-		"pack_report: pack_mapped              = "
-			"%10" SZ_FMT " / %10" SZ_FMT "\n",
-		pack_used_ctr,
-		pack_mmap_calls,
-		pack_open_windows, peak_pack_open_windows,
-		sz_fmt(pack_mapped), sz_fmt(peak_pack_mapped));
-}
-
-/*
- * Open and mmap the index file at path, perform a couple of
- * consistency checks, then record its information to p.  Return 0 on
- * success.
- */
-static int check_packed_git_idx(const char *path, struct packed_git *p)
-{
-	void *idx_map;
-	struct pack_idx_header *hdr;
-	size_t idx_size;
-	uint32_t version, nr, i, *index;
-	int fd = git_open_noatime(path);
-	struct stat st;
-
-	if (fd < 0)
-		return -1;
-	if (fstat(fd, &st)) {
-		close(fd);
-		return -1;
-	}
-	idx_size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
-	if (idx_size < 4 * 256 + 20 + 20) {
-		close(fd);
-		return error("index file %s is too small", path);
-	}
-	idx_map = xmmap(NULL, idx_size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
-	close(fd);
-
-	hdr = idx_map;
-	if (hdr->idx_signature == htonl(PACK_IDX_SIGNATURE)) {
-		version = ntohl(hdr->idx_version);
-		if (version < 2 || version > 2) {
-			munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
-			return error("index file %s is version %"PRIu32
-				     " and is not supported by this binary"
-				     " (try upgrading GIT to a newer version)",
-				     path, version);
-		}
-	} else
-		version = 1;
-
-	nr = 0;
-	index = idx_map;
-	if (version > 1)
-		index += 2;  /* skip index header */
-	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
-		uint32_t n = ntohl(index[i]);
-		if (n < nr) {
-			munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
-			return error("non-monotonic index %s", path);
-		}
-		nr = n;
-	}
-
-	if (version == 1) {
-		/*
-		 * Total size:
-		 *  - 256 index entries 4 bytes each
-		 *  - 24-byte entries * nr (20-byte sha1 + 4-byte offset)
-		 *  - 20-byte SHA1 of the packfile
-		 *  - 20-byte SHA1 file checksum
-		 */
-		if (idx_size != 4*256 + nr * 24 + 20 + 20) {
-			munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
-			return error("wrong index v1 file size in %s", path);
-		}
-	} else if (version == 2) {
-		/*
-		 * Minimum size:
-		 *  - 8 bytes of header
-		 *  - 256 index entries 4 bytes each
-		 *  - 20-byte sha1 entry * nr
-		 *  - 4-byte crc entry * nr
-		 *  - 4-byte offset entry * nr
-		 *  - 20-byte SHA1 of the packfile
-		 *  - 20-byte SHA1 file checksum
-		 * And after the 4-byte offset table might be a
-		 * variable sized table containing 8-byte entries
-		 * for offsets larger than 2^31.
-		 */
-		unsigned long min_size = 8 + 4*256 + nr*(20 + 4 + 4) + 20 + 20;
-		unsigned long max_size = min_size;
-		if (nr)
-			max_size += (nr - 1)*8;
-		if (idx_size < min_size || idx_size > max_size) {
-			munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
-			return error("wrong index v2 file size in %s", path);
-		}
-		if (idx_size != min_size &&
-		    /*
-		     * make sure we can deal with large pack offsets.
-		     * 31-bit signed offset won't be enough, neither
-		     * 32-bit unsigned one will be.
-		     */
-		    (sizeof(off_t) <= 4)) {
-			munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
-			return error("pack too large for current definition of off_t in %s", path);
-		}
-	}
-
-	p->index_version = version;
-	p->index_data = idx_map;
-	p->index_size = idx_size;
-	p->num_objects = nr;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int open_pack_index(struct packed_git *p)
-{
-	char *idx_name;
-	int ret;
-
-	if (p->index_data)
-		return 0;
-
-	idx_name = xstrdup(p->pack_name);
-	strcpy(idx_name + strlen(idx_name) - strlen(".pack"), ".idx");
-	ret = check_packed_git_idx(idx_name, p);
-	free(idx_name);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static void scan_windows(struct packed_git *p,
-	struct packed_git **lru_p,
-	struct pack_window **lru_w,
-	struct pack_window **lru_l)
-{
-	struct pack_window *w, *w_l;
-
-	for (w_l = NULL, w = p->windows; w; w = w->next) {
-		if (!w->inuse_cnt) {
-			if (!*lru_w || w->last_used < (*lru_w)->last_used) {
-				*lru_p = p;
-				*lru_w = w;
-				*lru_l = w_l;
-			}
-		}
-		w_l = w;
-	}
-}
-
-static int unuse_one_window(struct packed_git *current)
-{
-	struct packed_git *p, *lru_p = NULL;
-	struct pack_window *lru_w = NULL, *lru_l = NULL;
-
-	if (current)
-		scan_windows(current, &lru_p, &lru_w, &lru_l);
-	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next)
-		scan_windows(p, &lru_p, &lru_w, &lru_l);
-	if (lru_p) {
-		munmap(lru_w->base, lru_w->len);
-		pack_mapped -= lru_w->len;
-		if (lru_l)
-			lru_l->next = lru_w->next;
-		else
-			lru_p->windows = lru_w->next;
-		free(lru_w);
-		pack_open_windows--;
-		return 1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-void release_pack_memory(size_t need)
-{
-	size_t cur = pack_mapped;
-	while (need >= (cur - pack_mapped) && unuse_one_window(NULL))
-		; /* nothing */
-}
-
-static void mmap_limit_check(size_t length)
-{
-	static size_t limit = 0;
-	if (!limit) {
-		limit = git_env_ulong("GIT_MMAP_LIMIT", 0);
-		if (!limit)
-			limit = SIZE_MAX;
-	}
-	if (length > limit)
-		die("attempting to mmap %"PRIuMAX" over limit %"PRIuMAX,
-		    (uintmax_t)length, (uintmax_t)limit);
-}
-
-void *xmmap(void *start, size_t length,
-	int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset)
-{
-	void *ret;
-
-	mmap_limit_check(length);
-	ret = mmap(start, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
-	if (ret == MAP_FAILED) {
-		if (!length)
-			return NULL;
-		release_pack_memory(length);
-		ret = mmap(start, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
-		if (ret == MAP_FAILED)
-			die_errno("Out of memory? mmap failed");
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
-
-void close_pack_windows(struct packed_git *p)
-{
-	while (p->windows) {
-		struct pack_window *w = p->windows;
-
-		if (w->inuse_cnt)
-			die("pack '%s' still has open windows to it",
-			    p->pack_name);
-		munmap(w->base, w->len);
-		pack_mapped -= w->len;
-		pack_open_windows--;
-		p->windows = w->next;
-		free(w);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * The LRU pack is the one with the oldest MRU window, preferring packs
- * with no used windows, or the oldest mtime if it has no windows allocated.
- */
-static void find_lru_pack(struct packed_git *p, struct packed_git **lru_p, struct pack_window **mru_w, int *accept_windows_inuse)
-{
-	struct pack_window *w, *this_mru_w;
-	int has_windows_inuse = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Reject this pack if it has windows and the previously selected
-	 * one does not.  If this pack does not have windows, reject
-	 * it if the pack file is newer than the previously selected one.
-	 */
-	if (*lru_p && !*mru_w && (p->windows || p->mtime > (*lru_p)->mtime))
-		return;
-
-	for (w = this_mru_w = p->windows; w; w = w->next) {
-		/*
-		 * Reject this pack if any of its windows are in use,
-		 * but the previously selected pack did not have any
-		 * inuse windows.  Otherwise, record that this pack
-		 * has windows in use.
-		 */
-		if (w->inuse_cnt) {
-			if (*accept_windows_inuse)
-				has_windows_inuse = 1;
-			else
-				return;
-		}
-
-		if (w->last_used > this_mru_w->last_used)
-			this_mru_w = w;
-
-		/*
-		 * Reject this pack if it has windows that have been
-		 * used more recently than the previously selected pack.
-		 * If the previously selected pack had windows inuse and
-		 * we have not encountered a window in this pack that is
-		 * inuse, skip this check since we prefer a pack with no
-		 * inuse windows to one that has inuse windows.
-		 */
-		if (*mru_w && *accept_windows_inuse == has_windows_inuse &&
-		    this_mru_w->last_used > (*mru_w)->last_used)
-			return;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Select this pack.
-	 */
-	*mru_w = this_mru_w;
-	*lru_p = p;
-	*accept_windows_inuse = has_windows_inuse;
-}
-
-static int close_one_pack(void)
-{
-	struct packed_git *p, *lru_p = NULL;
-	struct pack_window *mru_w = NULL;
-	int accept_windows_inuse = 1;
-
-	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-		if (p->pack_fd == -1)
-			continue;
-		find_lru_pack(p, &lru_p, &mru_w, &accept_windows_inuse);
-	}
-
-	if (lru_p) {
-		close(lru_p->pack_fd);
-		pack_open_fds--;
-		lru_p->pack_fd = -1;
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-void unuse_pack(struct pack_window **w_cursor)
-{
-	struct pack_window *w = *w_cursor;
-	if (w) {
-		w->inuse_cnt--;
-		*w_cursor = NULL;
-	}
-}
-
-void close_pack_index(struct packed_git *p)
-{
-	if (p->index_data) {
-		munmap((void *)p->index_data, p->index_size);
-		p->index_data = NULL;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * This is used by git-repack in case a newly created pack happens to
- * contain the same set of objects as an existing one.  In that case
- * the resulting file might be different even if its name would be the
- * same.  It is best to close any reference to the old pack before it is
- * replaced on disk.  Of course no index pointers or windows for given pack
- * must subsist at this point.  If ever objects from this pack are requested
- * again, the new version of the pack will be reinitialized through
- * reprepare_packed_git().
- */
-void free_pack_by_name(const char *pack_name)
-{
-	struct packed_git *p, **pp = &packed_git;
-
-	while (*pp) {
-		p = *pp;
-		if (strcmp(pack_name, p->pack_name) == 0) {
-			clear_delta_base_cache();
-			close_pack_windows(p);
-			if (p->pack_fd != -1) {
-				close(p->pack_fd);
-				pack_open_fds--;
-			}
-			close_pack_index(p);
-			free(p->bad_object_sha1);
-			*pp = p->next;
-			if (last_found_pack == p)
-				last_found_pack = NULL;
-			free(p);
-			return;
-		}
-		pp = &p->next;
-	}
-}
-
-static unsigned int get_max_fd_limit(void)
-{
-#ifdef RLIMIT_NOFILE
-	{
-		struct rlimit lim;
-
-		if (!getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &lim))
-			return lim.rlim_cur;
-	}
-#endif
-
-#ifdef _SC_OPEN_MAX
-	{
-		long open_max = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
-		if (0 < open_max)
-			return open_max;
-		/*
-		 * Otherwise, we got -1 for one of the two
-		 * reasons:
-		 *
-		 * (1) sysconf() did not understand _SC_OPEN_MAX
-		 *     and signaled an error with -1; or
-		 * (2) sysconf() said there is no limit.
-		 *
-		 * We _could_ clear errno before calling sysconf() to
-		 * tell these two cases apart and return a huge number
-		 * in the latter case to let the caller cap it to a
-		 * value that is not so selfish, but letting the
-		 * fallback OPEN_MAX codepath take care of these cases
-		 * is a lot simpler.
-		 */
-	}
-#endif
-
-#ifdef OPEN_MAX
-	return OPEN_MAX;
-#else
-	return 1; /* see the caller ;-) */
-#endif
-}
-
-/*
- * Do not call this directly as this leaks p->pack_fd on error return;
- * call open_packed_git() instead.
- */
-static int open_packed_git_1(struct packed_git *p)
-{
-	struct stat st;
-	struct pack_header hdr;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	unsigned char *idx_sha1;
-	long fd_flag;
-
-	if (!p->index_data && open_pack_index(p))
-		return error("packfile %s index unavailable", p->pack_name);
-
-	if (!pack_max_fds) {
-		unsigned int max_fds = get_max_fd_limit();
-
-		/* Save 3 for stdin/stdout/stderr, 22 for work */
-		if (25 < max_fds)
-			pack_max_fds = max_fds - 25;
-		else
-			pack_max_fds = 1;
-	}
-
-	while (pack_max_fds <= pack_open_fds && close_one_pack())
-		; /* nothing */
-
-	p->pack_fd = git_open_noatime(p->pack_name);
-	if (p->pack_fd < 0 || fstat(p->pack_fd, &st))
-		return -1;
-	pack_open_fds++;
-
-	/* If we created the struct before we had the pack we lack size. */
-	if (!p->pack_size) {
-		if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
-			return error("packfile %s not a regular file", p->pack_name);
-		p->pack_size = st.st_size;
-	} else if (p->pack_size != st.st_size)
-		return error("packfile %s size changed", p->pack_name);
-
-	/* We leave these file descriptors open with sliding mmap;
-	 * there is no point keeping them open across exec(), though.
-	 */
-	fd_flag = fcntl(p->pack_fd, F_GETFD, 0);
-	if (fd_flag < 0)
-		return error("cannot determine file descriptor flags");
-	fd_flag |= FD_CLOEXEC;
-	if (fcntl(p->pack_fd, F_SETFD, fd_flag) == -1)
-		return error("cannot set FD_CLOEXEC");
-
-	/* Verify we recognize this pack file format. */
-	if (read_in_full(p->pack_fd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)) != sizeof(hdr))
-		return error("file %s is far too short to be a packfile", p->pack_name);
-	if (hdr.hdr_signature != htonl(PACK_SIGNATURE))
-		return error("file %s is not a GIT packfile", p->pack_name);
-	if (!pack_version_ok(hdr.hdr_version))
-		return error("packfile %s is version %"PRIu32" and not"
-			" supported (try upgrading GIT to a newer version)",
-			p->pack_name, ntohl(hdr.hdr_version));
-
-	/* Verify the pack matches its index. */
-	if (p->num_objects != ntohl(hdr.hdr_entries))
-		return error("packfile %s claims to have %"PRIu32" objects"
-			     " while index indicates %"PRIu32" objects",
-			     p->pack_name, ntohl(hdr.hdr_entries),
-			     p->num_objects);
-	if (lseek(p->pack_fd, p->pack_size - sizeof(sha1), SEEK_SET) == -1)
-		return error("end of packfile %s is unavailable", p->pack_name);
-	if (read_in_full(p->pack_fd, sha1, sizeof(sha1)) != sizeof(sha1))
-		return error("packfile %s signature is unavailable", p->pack_name);
-	idx_sha1 = ((unsigned char *)p->index_data) + p->index_size - 40;
-	if (hashcmp(sha1, idx_sha1))
-		return error("packfile %s does not match index", p->pack_name);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int open_packed_git(struct packed_git *p)
-{
-	if (!open_packed_git_1(p))
-		return 0;
-	if (p->pack_fd != -1) {
-		close(p->pack_fd);
-		pack_open_fds--;
-		p->pack_fd = -1;
-	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
-static int in_window(struct pack_window *win, off_t offset)
-{
-	/* We must promise at least 20 bytes (one hash) after the
-	 * offset is available from this window, otherwise the offset
-	 * is not actually in this window and a different window (which
-	 * has that one hash excess) must be used.  This is to support
-	 * the object header and delta base parsing routines below.
-	 */
-	off_t win_off = win->offset;
-	return win_off <= offset
-		&& (offset + 20) <= (win_off + win->len);
-}
-
-unsigned char *use_pack(struct packed_git *p,
-		struct pack_window **w_cursor,
-		off_t offset,
-		unsigned long *left)
-{
-	struct pack_window *win = *w_cursor;
-
-	/* Since packfiles end in a hash of their content and it's
-	 * pointless to ask for an offset into the middle of that
-	 * hash, and the in_window function above wouldn't match
-	 * don't allow an offset too close to the end of the file.
-	 */
-	if (!p->pack_size && p->pack_fd == -1 && open_packed_git(p))
-		die("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
-	if (offset > (p->pack_size - 20))
-		die("offset beyond end of packfile (truncated pack?)");
-
-	if (!win || !in_window(win, offset)) {
-		if (win)
-			win->inuse_cnt--;
-		for (win = p->windows; win; win = win->next) {
-			if (in_window(win, offset))
-				break;
-		}
-		if (!win) {
-			size_t window_align = packed_git_window_size / 2;
-			off_t len;
-
-			if (p->pack_fd == -1 && open_packed_git(p))
-				die("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
-
-			win = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*win));
-			win->offset = (offset / window_align) * window_align;
-			len = p->pack_size - win->offset;
-			if (len > packed_git_window_size)
-				len = packed_git_window_size;
-			win->len = (size_t)len;
-			pack_mapped += win->len;
-			while (packed_git_limit < pack_mapped
-				&& unuse_one_window(p))
-				; /* nothing */
-			win->base = xmmap(NULL, win->len,
-				PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE,
-				p->pack_fd, win->offset);
-			if (win->base == MAP_FAILED)
-				die("packfile %s cannot be mapped: %s",
-					p->pack_name,
-					strerror(errno));
-			if (!win->offset && win->len == p->pack_size
-				&& !p->do_not_close) {
-				close(p->pack_fd);
-				pack_open_fds--;
-				p->pack_fd = -1;
-			}
-			pack_mmap_calls++;
-			pack_open_windows++;
-			if (pack_mapped > peak_pack_mapped)
-				peak_pack_mapped = pack_mapped;
-			if (pack_open_windows > peak_pack_open_windows)
-				peak_pack_open_windows = pack_open_windows;
-			win->next = p->windows;
-			p->windows = win;
-		}
-	}
-	if (win != *w_cursor) {
-		win->last_used = pack_used_ctr++;
-		win->inuse_cnt++;
-		*w_cursor = win;
-	}
-	offset -= win->offset;
-	if (left)
-		*left = win->len - xsize_t(offset);
-	return win->base + offset;
-}
-
-static struct packed_git *alloc_packed_git(int extra)
-{
-	struct packed_git *p = xmalloc(sizeof(*p) + extra);
-	memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
-	p->pack_fd = -1;
-	return p;
-}
-
-static void try_to_free_pack_memory(size_t size)
-{
-	release_pack_memory(size);
-}
-
-struct packed_git *add_packed_git(const char *path, int path_len, int local)
-{
-	static int have_set_try_to_free_routine;
-	struct stat st;
-	struct packed_git *p = alloc_packed_git(path_len + 2);
-
-	if (!have_set_try_to_free_routine) {
-		have_set_try_to_free_routine = 1;
-		set_try_to_free_routine(try_to_free_pack_memory);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Make sure a corresponding .pack file exists and that
-	 * the index looks sane.
-	 */
-	path_len -= strlen(".idx");
-	if (path_len < 1) {
-		free(p);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	memcpy(p->pack_name, path, path_len);
-
-	strcpy(p->pack_name + path_len, ".keep");
-	if (!access(p->pack_name, F_OK))
-		p->pack_keep = 1;
-
-	strcpy(p->pack_name + path_len, ".pack");
-	if (stat(p->pack_name, &st) || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
-		free(p);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	/* ok, it looks sane as far as we can check without
-	 * actually mapping the pack file.
-	 */
-	p->pack_size = st.st_size;
-	p->pack_local = local;
-	p->mtime = st.st_mtime;
-	if (path_len < 40 || get_sha1_hex(path + path_len - 40, p->sha1))
-		hashclr(p->sha1);
-	return p;
-}
-
-struct packed_git *parse_pack_index(unsigned char *sha1, const char *idx_path)
-{
-	const char *path = sha1_pack_name(sha1);
-	struct packed_git *p = alloc_packed_git(strlen(path) + 1);
-
-	strcpy(p->pack_name, path);
-	hashcpy(p->sha1, sha1);
-	if (check_packed_git_idx(idx_path, p)) {
-		free(p);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	return p;
-}
-
-void install_packed_git(struct packed_git *pack)
-{
-	if (pack->pack_fd != -1)
-		pack_open_fds++;
-
-	pack->next = packed_git;
-	packed_git = pack;
-}
-
-void (*report_garbage)(const char *desc, const char *path);
-
-static void report_helper(const struct string_list *list,
-			  int seen_bits, int first, int last)
-{
-	const char *msg;
-	switch (seen_bits) {
-	case 0:
-		msg = "no corresponding .idx or .pack";
-		break;
-	case 1:
-		msg = "no corresponding .idx";
-		break;
-	case 2:
-		msg = "no corresponding .pack";
-		break;
-	default:
-		return;
-	}
-	for (; first < last; first++)
-		report_garbage(msg, list->items[first].string);
-}
-
-static void report_pack_garbage(struct string_list *list)
-{
-	int i, baselen = -1, first = 0, seen_bits = 0;
-
-	if (!report_garbage)
-		return;
-
-	string_list_sort(list);
-
-	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++) {
-		const char *path = list->items[i].string;
-		if (baselen != -1 &&
-		    strncmp(path, list->items[first].string, baselen)) {
-			report_helper(list, seen_bits, first, i);
-			baselen = -1;
-			seen_bits = 0;
-		}
-		if (baselen == -1) {
-			const char *dot = strrchr(path, '.');
-			if (!dot) {
-				report_garbage("garbage found", path);
-				continue;
-			}
-			baselen = dot - path + 1;
-			first = i;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(path + baselen, "pack"))
-			seen_bits |= 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(path + baselen, "idx"))
-			seen_bits |= 2;
-	}
-	report_helper(list, seen_bits, first, list->nr);
-}
-
-static void prepare_packed_git_one(char *objdir, int local)
-{
-	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
-	size_t dirnamelen;
-	DIR *dir;
-	struct dirent *de;
-	struct string_list garbage = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
-
-	strbuf_addstr(&path, objdir);
-	strbuf_addstr(&path, "/pack");
-	dir = opendir(path.buf);
-	if (!dir) {
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			error("unable to open object pack directory: %s: %s",
-			      path.buf, strerror(errno));
-		strbuf_release(&path);
-		return;
-	}
-	strbuf_addch(&path, '/');
-	dirnamelen = path.len;
-	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
-		struct packed_git *p;
-		size_t base_len;
-
-		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name))
-			continue;
-
-		strbuf_setlen(&path, dirnamelen);
-		strbuf_addstr(&path, de->d_name);
-
-		base_len = path.len;
-		if (strip_suffix_mem(path.buf, &base_len, ".idx")) {
-			/* Don't reopen a pack we already have. */
-			for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-				size_t len;
-				if (strip_suffix(p->pack_name, ".pack", &len) &&
-				    len == base_len &&
-				    !memcmp(p->pack_name, path.buf, len))
-					break;
-			}
-			if (p == NULL &&
-			    /*
-			     * See if it really is a valid .idx file with
-			     * corresponding .pack file that we can map.
-			     */
-			    (p = add_packed_git(path.buf, path.len, local)) != NULL)
-				install_packed_git(p);
-		}
-
-		if (!report_garbage)
-			continue;
-
-		if (ends_with(de->d_name, ".idx") ||
-		    ends_with(de->d_name, ".pack") ||
-		    ends_with(de->d_name, ".bitmap") ||
-		    ends_with(de->d_name, ".keep"))
-			string_list_append(&garbage, path.buf);
-		else
-			report_garbage("garbage found", path.buf);
-	}
-	closedir(dir);
-	report_pack_garbage(&garbage);
-	string_list_clear(&garbage, 0);
-	strbuf_release(&path);
-}
-
-static int sort_pack(const void *a_, const void *b_)
-{
-	struct packed_git *a = *((struct packed_git **)a_);
-	struct packed_git *b = *((struct packed_git **)b_);
-	int st;
-
-	/*
-	 * Local packs tend to contain objects specific to our
-	 * variant of the project than remote ones.  In addition,
-	 * remote ones could be on a network mounted filesystem.
-	 * Favor local ones for these reasons.
-	 */
-	st = a->pack_local - b->pack_local;
-	if (st)
-		return -st;
-
-	/*
-	 * Younger packs tend to contain more recent objects,
-	 * and more recent objects tend to get accessed more
-	 * often.
-	 */
-	if (a->mtime < b->mtime)
-		return 1;
-	else if (a->mtime == b->mtime)
-		return 0;
-	return -1;
-}
-
-static void rearrange_packed_git(void)
-{
-	struct packed_git **ary, *p;
-	int i, n;
-
-	for (n = 0, p = packed_git; p; p = p->next)
-		n++;
-	if (n < 2)
-		return;
-
-	/* prepare an array of packed_git for easier sorting */
-	ary = xcalloc(n, sizeof(struct packed_git *));
-	for (n = 0, p = packed_git; p; p = p->next)
-		ary[n++] = p;
-
-	qsort(ary, n, sizeof(struct packed_git *), sort_pack);
-
-	/* link them back again */
-	for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
-		ary[i]->next = ary[i + 1];
-	ary[n - 1]->next = NULL;
-	packed_git = ary[0];
-
-	free(ary);
-}
-
-static int prepare_packed_git_run_once = 0;
-void prepare_packed_git(void)
-{
-	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
-
-	if (prepare_packed_git_run_once)
-		return;
-	prepare_packed_git_one(get_object_directory(), 1);
-	prepare_alt_odb();
-	for (alt = alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
-		alt->name[-1] = 0;
-		prepare_packed_git_one(alt->base, 0);
-		alt->name[-1] = '/';
-	}
-	rearrange_packed_git();
-	prepare_packed_git_run_once = 1;
-}
-
-void reprepare_packed_git(void)
-{
-	prepare_packed_git_run_once = 0;
-	prepare_packed_git();
-}
-
-static void mark_bad_packed_object(struct packed_git *p,
-				   const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	unsigned i;
-	for (i = 0; i < p->num_bad_objects; i++)
-		if (!hashcmp(sha1, p->bad_object_sha1 + 20 * i))
-			return;
-	p->bad_object_sha1 = xrealloc(p->bad_object_sha1, 20 * (p->num_bad_objects + 1));
-	hashcpy(p->bad_object_sha1 + 20 * p->num_bad_objects, sha1);
-	p->num_bad_objects++;
-}
-
-static const struct packed_git *has_packed_and_bad(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct packed_git *p;
-	unsigned i;
-
-	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next)
-		for (i = 0; i < p->num_bad_objects; i++)
-			if (!hashcmp(sha1, p->bad_object_sha1 + 20 * i))
-				return p;
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-/*
- * With an in-core object data in "map", rehash it to make sure the
- * object name actually matches "sha1" to detect object corruption.
- * With "map" == NULL, try reading the object named with "sha1" using
- * the streaming interface and rehash it to do the same.
- */
-int check_sha1_signature(const unsigned char *sha1, void *map,
-			 unsigned long size, const char *type)
-{
-	unsigned char real_sha1[20];
-	enum object_type obj_type;
-	struct git_istream *st;
-	git_SHA_CTX c;
-	char hdr[32];
-	int hdrlen;
-
-	if (map) {
-		hash_sha1_file(map, size, type, real_sha1);
-		return hashcmp(sha1, real_sha1) ? -1 : 0;
-	}
-
-	st = open_istream(sha1, &obj_type, &size, NULL);
-	if (!st)
-		return -1;
-
-	/* Generate the header */
-	hdrlen = sprintf(hdr, "%s %lu", typename(obj_type), size) + 1;
-
-	/* Sha1.. */
-	git_SHA1_Init(&c);
-	git_SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, hdrlen);
-	for (;;) {
-		char buf[1024 * 16];
-		ssize_t readlen = read_istream(st, buf, sizeof(buf));
-
-		if (readlen < 0) {
-			close_istream(st);
-			return -1;
-		}
-		if (!readlen)
-			break;
-		git_SHA1_Update(&c, buf, readlen);
-	}
-	git_SHA1_Final(real_sha1, &c);
-	close_istream(st);
-	return hashcmp(sha1, real_sha1) ? -1 : 0;
-}
-
-int git_open_noatime(const char *name)
-{
-	static int sha1_file_open_flag = O_NOATIME;
-
-	for (;;) {
-		int fd = open(name, O_RDONLY | sha1_file_open_flag);
-		if (fd >= 0)
-			return fd;
-
-		/* Might the failure be due to O_NOATIME? */
-		if (errno != ENOENT && sha1_file_open_flag) {
-			sha1_file_open_flag = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		return -1;
-	}
-}
-
-static int stat_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, struct stat *st)
-{
-	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
-
-	if (!lstat(sha1_file_name(sha1), st))
-		return 0;
-
-	prepare_alt_odb();
-	errno = ENOENT;
-	for (alt = alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
-		fill_sha1_path(alt->name, sha1);
-		if (!lstat(alt->base, st))
-			return 0;
-	}
-
-	return -1;
-}
-
-static int open_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	int fd;
-	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
-	int most_interesting_errno;
-
-	fd = git_open_noatime(sha1_file_name(sha1));
-	if (fd >= 0)
-		return fd;
-	most_interesting_errno = errno;
-
-	prepare_alt_odb();
-	for (alt = alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
-		fill_sha1_path(alt->name, sha1);
-		fd = git_open_noatime(alt->base);
-		if (fd >= 0)
-			return fd;
-		if (most_interesting_errno == ENOENT)
-			most_interesting_errno = errno;
-	}
-	errno = most_interesting_errno;
-	return -1;
-}
-
-void *map_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *size)
-{
-	void *map;
-	int fd;
-
-	fd = open_sha1_file(sha1);
-	map = NULL;
-	if (fd >= 0) {
-		struct stat st;
-
-		if (!fstat(fd, &st)) {
-			*size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
-			if (!*size) {
-				/* mmap() is forbidden on empty files */
-				error("object file %s is empty", sha1_file_name(sha1));
-				return NULL;
-			}
-			map = xmmap(NULL, *size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
-		}
-		close(fd);
-	}
-	return map;
-}
-
-unsigned long unpack_object_header_buffer(const unsigned char *buf,
-		unsigned long len, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *sizep)
-{
-	unsigned shift;
-	unsigned long size, c;
-	unsigned long used = 0;
-
-	c = buf[used++];
-	*type = (c >> 4) & 7;
-	size = c & 15;
-	shift = 4;
-	while (c & 0x80) {
-		if (len <= used || bitsizeof(long) <= shift) {
-			error("bad object header");
-			size = used = 0;
-			break;
-		}
-		c = buf[used++];
-		size += (c & 0x7f) << shift;
-		shift += 7;
-	}
-	*sizep = size;
-	return used;
-}
-
-int unpack_sha1_header(git_zstream *stream, unsigned char *map, unsigned long mapsize, void *buffer, unsigned long bufsiz)
-{
-	/* Get the data stream */
-	memset(stream, 0, sizeof(*stream));
-	stream->next_in = map;
-	stream->avail_in = mapsize;
-	stream->next_out = buffer;
-	stream->avail_out = bufsiz;
-
-	git_inflate_init(stream);
-	return git_inflate(stream, 0);
-}
-
-static void *unpack_sha1_rest(git_zstream *stream, void *buffer, unsigned long size, const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	int bytes = strlen(buffer) + 1;
-	unsigned char *buf = xmallocz(size);
-	unsigned long n;
-	int status = Z_OK;
-
-	n = stream->total_out - bytes;
-	if (n > size)
-		n = size;
-	memcpy(buf, (char *) buffer + bytes, n);
-	bytes = n;
-	if (bytes <= size) {
-		/*
-		 * The above condition must be (bytes <= size), not
-		 * (bytes < size).  In other words, even though we
-		 * expect no more output and set avail_out to zero,
-		 * the input zlib stream may have bytes that express
-		 * "this concludes the stream", and we *do* want to
-		 * eat that input.
-		 *
-		 * Otherwise we would not be able to test that we
-		 * consumed all the input to reach the expected size;
-		 * we also want to check that zlib tells us that all
-		 * went well with status == Z_STREAM_END at the end.
-		 */
-		stream->next_out = buf + bytes;
-		stream->avail_out = size - bytes;
-		while (status == Z_OK)
-			status = git_inflate(stream, Z_FINISH);
-	}
-	if (status == Z_STREAM_END && !stream->avail_in) {
-		git_inflate_end(stream);
-		return buf;
-	}
-
-	if (status < 0)
-		error("corrupt loose object '%s'", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	else if (stream->avail_in)
-		error("garbage at end of loose object '%s'",
-		      sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	free(buf);
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-/*
- * We used to just use "sscanf()", but that's actually way
- * too permissive for what we want to check. So do an anal
- * object header parse by hand.
- */
-int parse_sha1_header(const char *hdr, unsigned long *sizep)
-{
-	char type[10];
-	int i;
-	unsigned long size;
-
-	/*
-	 * The type can be at most ten bytes (including the
-	 * terminating '\0' that we add), and is followed by
-	 * a space.
-	 */
-	i = 0;
-	for (;;) {
-		char c = *hdr++;
-		if (c == ' ')
-			break;
-		type[i++] = c;
-		if (i >= sizeof(type))
-			return -1;
-	}
-	type[i] = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * The length must follow immediately, and be in canonical
-	 * decimal format (ie "010" is not valid).
-	 */
-	size = *hdr++ - '0';
-	if (size > 9)
-		return -1;
-	if (size) {
-		for (;;) {
-			unsigned long c = *hdr - '0';
-			if (c > 9)
-				break;
-			hdr++;
-			size = size * 10 + c;
-		}
-	}
-	*sizep = size;
-
-	/*
-	 * The length must be followed by a zero byte
-	 */
-	return *hdr ? -1 : type_from_string(type);
-}
-
-static void *unpack_sha1_file(void *map, unsigned long mapsize, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *size, const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	int ret;
-	git_zstream stream;
-	char hdr[8192];
-
-	ret = unpack_sha1_header(&stream, map, mapsize, hdr, sizeof(hdr));
-	if (ret < Z_OK || (*type = parse_sha1_header(hdr, size)) < 0)
-		return NULL;
-
-	return unpack_sha1_rest(&stream, hdr, *size, sha1);
-}
-
-unsigned long get_size_from_delta(struct packed_git *p,
-				  struct pack_window **w_curs,
-			          off_t curpos)
-{
-	const unsigned char *data;
-	unsigned char delta_head[20], *in;
-	git_zstream stream;
-	int st;
-
-	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
-	stream.next_out = delta_head;
-	stream.avail_out = sizeof(delta_head);
-
-	git_inflate_init(&stream);
-	do {
-		in = use_pack(p, w_curs, curpos, &stream.avail_in);
-		stream.next_in = in;
-		st = git_inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
-		curpos += stream.next_in - in;
-	} while ((st == Z_OK || st == Z_BUF_ERROR) &&
-		 stream.total_out < sizeof(delta_head));
-	git_inflate_end(&stream);
-	if ((st != Z_STREAM_END) && stream.total_out != sizeof(delta_head)) {
-		error("delta data unpack-initial failed");
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	/* Examine the initial part of the delta to figure out
-	 * the result size.
-	 */
-	data = delta_head;
-
-	/* ignore base size */
-	get_delta_hdr_size(&data, delta_head+sizeof(delta_head));
-
-	/* Read the result size */
-	return get_delta_hdr_size(&data, delta_head+sizeof(delta_head));
-}
-
-static off_t get_delta_base(struct packed_git *p,
-				    struct pack_window **w_curs,
-				    off_t *curpos,
-				    enum object_type type,
-				    off_t delta_obj_offset)
-{
-	unsigned char *base_info = use_pack(p, w_curs, *curpos, NULL);
-	off_t base_offset;
-
-	/* use_pack() assured us we have [base_info, base_info + 20)
-	 * as a range that we can look at without walking off the
-	 * end of the mapped window.  Its actually the hash size
-	 * that is assured.  An OFS_DELTA longer than the hash size
-	 * is stupid, as then a REF_DELTA would be smaller to store.
-	 */
-	if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
-		unsigned used = 0;
-		unsigned char c = base_info[used++];
-		base_offset = c & 127;
-		while (c & 128) {
-			base_offset += 1;
-			if (!base_offset || MSB(base_offset, 7))
-				return 0;  /* overflow */
-			c = base_info[used++];
-			base_offset = (base_offset << 7) + (c & 127);
-		}
-		base_offset = delta_obj_offset - base_offset;
-		if (base_offset <= 0 || base_offset >= delta_obj_offset)
-			return 0;  /* out of bound */
-		*curpos += used;
-	} else if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
-		/* The base entry _must_ be in the same pack */
-		base_offset = find_pack_entry_one(base_info, p);
-		*curpos += 20;
-	} else
-		die("I am totally screwed");
-	return base_offset;
-}
-
-/*
- * Like get_delta_base above, but we return the sha1 instead of the pack
- * offset. This means it is cheaper for REF deltas (we do not have to do
- * the final object lookup), but more expensive for OFS deltas (we
- * have to load the revidx to convert the offset back into a sha1).
- */
-static const unsigned char *get_delta_base_sha1(struct packed_git *p,
-						struct pack_window **w_curs,
-						off_t curpos,
-						enum object_type type,
-						off_t delta_obj_offset)
-{
-	if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
-		unsigned char *base = use_pack(p, w_curs, curpos, NULL);
-		return base;
-	} else if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
-		struct revindex_entry *revidx;
-		off_t base_offset = get_delta_base(p, w_curs, &curpos,
-						   type, delta_obj_offset);
-
-		if (!base_offset)
-			return NULL;
-
-		revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, base_offset);
-		if (!revidx)
-			return NULL;
-
-		return nth_packed_object_sha1(p, revidx->nr);
-	} else
-		return NULL;
-}
-
-int unpack_object_header(struct packed_git *p,
-			 struct pack_window **w_curs,
-			 off_t *curpos,
-			 unsigned long *sizep)
-{
-	unsigned char *base;
-	unsigned long left;
-	unsigned long used;
-	enum object_type type;
-
-	/* use_pack() assures us we have [base, base + 20) available
-	 * as a range that we can look at.  (Its actually the hash
-	 * size that is assured.)  With our object header encoding
-	 * the maximum deflated object size is 2^137, which is just
-	 * insane, so we know won't exceed what we have been given.
-	 */
-	base = use_pack(p, w_curs, *curpos, &left);
-	used = unpack_object_header_buffer(base, left, &type, sizep);
-	if (!used) {
-		type = OBJ_BAD;
-	} else
-		*curpos += used;
-
-	return type;
-}
-
-static int retry_bad_packed_offset(struct packed_git *p, off_t obj_offset)
-{
-	int type;
-	struct revindex_entry *revidx;
-	const unsigned char *sha1;
-	revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, obj_offset);
-	if (!revidx)
-		return OBJ_BAD;
-	sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, revidx->nr);
-	mark_bad_packed_object(p, sha1);
-	type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
-	if (type <= OBJ_NONE)
-		return OBJ_BAD;
-	return type;
-}
-
-#define POI_STACK_PREALLOC 64
-
-static enum object_type packed_to_object_type(struct packed_git *p,
-					      off_t obj_offset,
-					      enum object_type type,
-					      struct pack_window **w_curs,
-					      off_t curpos)
-{
-	off_t small_poi_stack[POI_STACK_PREALLOC];
-	off_t *poi_stack = small_poi_stack;
-	int poi_stack_nr = 0, poi_stack_alloc = POI_STACK_PREALLOC;
-
-	while (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA || type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
-		off_t base_offset;
-		unsigned long size;
-		/* Push the object we're going to leave behind */
-		if (poi_stack_nr >= poi_stack_alloc && poi_stack == small_poi_stack) {
-			poi_stack_alloc = alloc_nr(poi_stack_nr);
-			poi_stack = xmalloc(sizeof(off_t)*poi_stack_alloc);
-			memcpy(poi_stack, small_poi_stack, sizeof(off_t)*poi_stack_nr);
-		} else {
-			ALLOC_GROW(poi_stack, poi_stack_nr+1, poi_stack_alloc);
-		}
-		poi_stack[poi_stack_nr++] = obj_offset;
-		/* If parsing the base offset fails, just unwind */
-		base_offset = get_delta_base(p, w_curs, &curpos, type, obj_offset);
-		if (!base_offset)
-			goto unwind;
-		curpos = obj_offset = base_offset;
-		type = unpack_object_header(p, w_curs, &curpos, &size);
-		if (type <= OBJ_NONE) {
-			/* If getting the base itself fails, we first
-			 * retry the base, otherwise unwind */
-			type = retry_bad_packed_offset(p, base_offset);
-			if (type > OBJ_NONE)
-				goto out;
-			goto unwind;
-		}
-	}
-
-	switch (type) {
-	case OBJ_BAD:
-	case OBJ_COMMIT:
-	case OBJ_TREE:
-	case OBJ_BLOB:
-	case OBJ_TAG:
-		break;
-	default:
-		error("unknown object type %i at offset %"PRIuMAX" in %s",
-		      type, (uintmax_t)obj_offset, p->pack_name);
-		type = OBJ_BAD;
-	}
-
-out:
-	if (poi_stack != small_poi_stack)
-		free(poi_stack);
-	return type;
-
-unwind:
-	while (poi_stack_nr) {
-		obj_offset = poi_stack[--poi_stack_nr];
-		type = retry_bad_packed_offset(p, obj_offset);
-		if (type > OBJ_NONE)
-			goto out;
-	}
-	type = OBJ_BAD;
-	goto out;
-}
-
-static int packed_object_info(struct packed_git *p, off_t obj_offset,
-			      struct object_info *oi)
-{
-	struct pack_window *w_curs = NULL;
-	unsigned long size;
-	off_t curpos = obj_offset;
-	enum object_type type;
-
-	/*
-	 * We always get the representation type, but only convert it to
-	 * a "real" type later if the caller is interested.
-	 */
-	type = unpack_object_header(p, &w_curs, &curpos, &size);
-
-	if (oi->sizep) {
-		if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA || type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
-			off_t tmp_pos = curpos;
-			off_t base_offset = get_delta_base(p, &w_curs, &tmp_pos,
-							   type, obj_offset);
-			if (!base_offset) {
-				type = OBJ_BAD;
-				goto out;
-			}
-			*oi->sizep = get_size_from_delta(p, &w_curs, tmp_pos);
-			if (*oi->sizep == 0) {
-				type = OBJ_BAD;
-				goto out;
-			}
-		} else {
-			*oi->sizep = size;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (oi->disk_sizep) {
-		struct revindex_entry *revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, obj_offset);
-		*oi->disk_sizep = revidx[1].offset - obj_offset;
-	}
-
-	if (oi->typep) {
-		*oi->typep = packed_to_object_type(p, obj_offset, type, &w_curs, curpos);
-		if (*oi->typep < 0) {
-			type = OBJ_BAD;
-			goto out;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (oi->delta_base_sha1) {
-		if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA || type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
-			const unsigned char *base;
-
-			base = get_delta_base_sha1(p, &w_curs, curpos,
-						   type, obj_offset);
-			if (!base) {
-				type = OBJ_BAD;
-				goto out;
-			}
-
-			hashcpy(oi->delta_base_sha1, base);
-		} else
-			hashclr(oi->delta_base_sha1);
-	}
-
-out:
-	unuse_pack(&w_curs);
-	return type;
-}
-
-static void *unpack_compressed_entry(struct packed_git *p,
-				    struct pack_window **w_curs,
-				    off_t curpos,
-				    unsigned long size)
-{
-	int st;
-	git_zstream stream;
-	unsigned char *buffer, *in;
-
-	buffer = xmallocz_gently(size);
-	if (!buffer)
-		return NULL;
-	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
-	stream.next_out = buffer;
-	stream.avail_out = size + 1;
-
-	git_inflate_init(&stream);
-	do {
-		in = use_pack(p, w_curs, curpos, &stream.avail_in);
-		stream.next_in = in;
-		st = git_inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
-		if (!stream.avail_out)
-			break; /* the payload is larger than it should be */
-		curpos += stream.next_in - in;
-	} while (st == Z_OK || st == Z_BUF_ERROR);
-	git_inflate_end(&stream);
-	if ((st != Z_STREAM_END) || stream.total_out != size) {
-		free(buffer);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	return buffer;
-}
-
-#define MAX_DELTA_CACHE (256)
-
-static size_t delta_base_cached;
-
-static struct delta_base_cache_lru_list {
-	struct delta_base_cache_lru_list *prev;
-	struct delta_base_cache_lru_list *next;
-} delta_base_cache_lru = { &delta_base_cache_lru, &delta_base_cache_lru };
-
-static struct delta_base_cache_entry {
-	struct delta_base_cache_lru_list lru;
-	void *data;
-	struct packed_git *p;
-	off_t base_offset;
-	unsigned long size;
-	enum object_type type;
-} delta_base_cache[MAX_DELTA_CACHE];
-
-static unsigned long pack_entry_hash(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset)
-{
-	unsigned long hash;
-
-	hash = (unsigned long)p + (unsigned long)base_offset;
-	hash += (hash >> 8) + (hash >> 16);
-	return hash % MAX_DELTA_CACHE;
-}
-
-static struct delta_base_cache_entry *
-get_delta_base_cache_entry(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset)
-{
-	unsigned long hash = pack_entry_hash(p, base_offset);
-	return delta_base_cache + hash;
-}
-
-static int eq_delta_base_cache_entry(struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent,
-				     struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset)
-{
-	return (ent->data && ent->p == p && ent->base_offset == base_offset);
-}
-
-static int in_delta_base_cache(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset)
-{
-	struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent;
-	ent = get_delta_base_cache_entry(p, base_offset);
-	return eq_delta_base_cache_entry(ent, p, base_offset);
-}
-
-static void clear_delta_base_cache_entry(struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent)
-{
-	ent->data = NULL;
-	ent->lru.next->prev = ent->lru.prev;
-	ent->lru.prev->next = ent->lru.next;
-	delta_base_cached -= ent->size;
-}
-
-static void *cache_or_unpack_entry(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset,
-	unsigned long *base_size, enum object_type *type, int keep_cache)
-{
-	struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent;
-	void *ret;
-
-	ent = get_delta_base_cache_entry(p, base_offset);
-
-	if (!eq_delta_base_cache_entry(ent, p, base_offset))
-		return unpack_entry(p, base_offset, type, base_size);
-
-	ret = ent->data;
-
-	if (!keep_cache)
-		clear_delta_base_cache_entry(ent);
-	else
-		ret = xmemdupz(ent->data, ent->size);
-	*type = ent->type;
-	*base_size = ent->size;
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static inline void release_delta_base_cache(struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent)
-{
-	if (ent->data) {
-		free(ent->data);
-		ent->data = NULL;
-		ent->lru.next->prev = ent->lru.prev;
-		ent->lru.prev->next = ent->lru.next;
-		delta_base_cached -= ent->size;
-	}
-}
-
-void clear_delta_base_cache(void)
-{
-	unsigned long p;
-	for (p = 0; p < MAX_DELTA_CACHE; p++)
-		release_delta_base_cache(&delta_base_cache[p]);
-}
-
-static void add_delta_base_cache(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset,
-	void *base, unsigned long base_size, enum object_type type)
-{
-	unsigned long hash = pack_entry_hash(p, base_offset);
-	struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent = delta_base_cache + hash;
-	struct delta_base_cache_lru_list *lru;
-
-	release_delta_base_cache(ent);
-	delta_base_cached += base_size;
-
-	for (lru = delta_base_cache_lru.next;
-	     delta_base_cached > delta_base_cache_limit
-	     && lru != &delta_base_cache_lru;
-	     lru = lru->next) {
-		struct delta_base_cache_entry *f = (void *)lru;
-		if (f->type == OBJ_BLOB)
-			release_delta_base_cache(f);
-	}
-	for (lru = delta_base_cache_lru.next;
-	     delta_base_cached > delta_base_cache_limit
-	     && lru != &delta_base_cache_lru;
-	     lru = lru->next) {
-		struct delta_base_cache_entry *f = (void *)lru;
-		release_delta_base_cache(f);
-	}
-
-	ent->p = p;
-	ent->base_offset = base_offset;
-	ent->type = type;
-	ent->data = base;
-	ent->size = base_size;
-	ent->lru.next = &delta_base_cache_lru;
-	ent->lru.prev = delta_base_cache_lru.prev;
-	delta_base_cache_lru.prev->next = &ent->lru;
-	delta_base_cache_lru.prev = &ent->lru;
-}
-
-static void *read_object(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type,
-			 unsigned long *size);
-
-static void write_pack_access_log(struct packed_git *p, off_t obj_offset)
-{
-	static struct trace_key pack_access = TRACE_KEY_INIT(PACK_ACCESS);
-	trace_printf_key(&pack_access, "%s %"PRIuMAX"\n",
-			 p->pack_name, (uintmax_t)obj_offset);
-}
-
-int do_check_packed_object_crc;
-
-#define UNPACK_ENTRY_STACK_PREALLOC 64
-struct unpack_entry_stack_ent {
-	off_t obj_offset;
-	off_t curpos;
-	unsigned long size;
-};
-
-void *unpack_entry(struct packed_git *p, off_t obj_offset,
-		   enum object_type *final_type, unsigned long *final_size)
-{
-	struct pack_window *w_curs = NULL;
-	off_t curpos = obj_offset;
-	void *data = NULL;
-	unsigned long size;
-	enum object_type type;
-	struct unpack_entry_stack_ent small_delta_stack[UNPACK_ENTRY_STACK_PREALLOC];
-	struct unpack_entry_stack_ent *delta_stack = small_delta_stack;
-	int delta_stack_nr = 0, delta_stack_alloc = UNPACK_ENTRY_STACK_PREALLOC;
-	int base_from_cache = 0;
-
-	write_pack_access_log(p, obj_offset);
-
-	/* PHASE 1: drill down to the innermost base object */
-	for (;;) {
-		off_t base_offset;
-		int i;
-		struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent;
-
-		ent = get_delta_base_cache_entry(p, curpos);
-		if (eq_delta_base_cache_entry(ent, p, curpos)) {
-			type = ent->type;
-			data = ent->data;
-			size = ent->size;
-			clear_delta_base_cache_entry(ent);
-			base_from_cache = 1;
-			break;
-		}
-
-		if (do_check_packed_object_crc && p->index_version > 1) {
-			struct revindex_entry *revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, obj_offset);
-			unsigned long len = revidx[1].offset - obj_offset;
-			if (check_pack_crc(p, &w_curs, obj_offset, len, revidx->nr)) {
-				const unsigned char *sha1 =
-					nth_packed_object_sha1(p, revidx->nr);
-				error("bad packed object CRC for %s",
-				      sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-				mark_bad_packed_object(p, sha1);
-				unuse_pack(&w_curs);
-				return NULL;
-			}
-		}
-
-		type = unpack_object_header(p, &w_curs, &curpos, &size);
-		if (type != OBJ_OFS_DELTA && type != OBJ_REF_DELTA)
-			break;
-
-		base_offset = get_delta_base(p, &w_curs, &curpos, type, obj_offset);
-		if (!base_offset) {
-			error("failed to validate delta base reference "
-			      "at offset %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
-			      (uintmax_t)curpos, p->pack_name);
-			/* bail to phase 2, in hopes of recovery */
-			data = NULL;
-			break;
-		}
-
-		/* push object, proceed to base */
-		if (delta_stack_nr >= delta_stack_alloc
-		    && delta_stack == small_delta_stack) {
-			delta_stack_alloc = alloc_nr(delta_stack_nr);
-			delta_stack = xmalloc(sizeof(*delta_stack)*delta_stack_alloc);
-			memcpy(delta_stack, small_delta_stack,
-			       sizeof(*delta_stack)*delta_stack_nr);
-		} else {
-			ALLOC_GROW(delta_stack, delta_stack_nr+1, delta_stack_alloc);
-		}
-		i = delta_stack_nr++;
-		delta_stack[i].obj_offset = obj_offset;
-		delta_stack[i].curpos = curpos;
-		delta_stack[i].size = size;
-
-		curpos = obj_offset = base_offset;
-	}
-
-	/* PHASE 2: handle the base */
-	switch (type) {
-	case OBJ_OFS_DELTA:
-	case OBJ_REF_DELTA:
-		if (data)
-			die("BUG in unpack_entry: left loop at a valid delta");
-		break;
-	case OBJ_COMMIT:
-	case OBJ_TREE:
-	case OBJ_BLOB:
-	case OBJ_TAG:
-		if (!base_from_cache)
-			data = unpack_compressed_entry(p, &w_curs, curpos, size);
-		break;
-	default:
-		data = NULL;
-		error("unknown object type %i at offset %"PRIuMAX" in %s",
-		      type, (uintmax_t)obj_offset, p->pack_name);
-	}
-
-	/* PHASE 3: apply deltas in order */
-
-	/* invariants:
-	 *   'data' holds the base data, or NULL if there was corruption
-	 */
-	while (delta_stack_nr) {
-		void *delta_data;
-		void *base = data;
-		unsigned long delta_size, base_size = size;
-		int i;
-
-		data = NULL;
-
-		if (base)
-			add_delta_base_cache(p, obj_offset, base, base_size, type);
-
-		if (!base) {
-			/*
-			 * We're probably in deep shit, but let's try to fetch
-			 * the required base anyway from another pack or loose.
-			 * This is costly but should happen only in the presence
-			 * of a corrupted pack, and is better than failing outright.
-			 */
-			struct revindex_entry *revidx;
-			const unsigned char *base_sha1;
-			revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, obj_offset);
-			if (revidx) {
-				base_sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, revidx->nr);
-				error("failed to read delta base object %s"
-				      " at offset %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
-				      sha1_to_hex(base_sha1), (uintmax_t)obj_offset,
-				      p->pack_name);
-				mark_bad_packed_object(p, base_sha1);
-				base = read_object(base_sha1, &type, &base_size);
-			}
-		}
-
-		i = --delta_stack_nr;
-		obj_offset = delta_stack[i].obj_offset;
-		curpos = delta_stack[i].curpos;
-		delta_size = delta_stack[i].size;
-
-		if (!base)
-			continue;
-
-		delta_data = unpack_compressed_entry(p, &w_curs, curpos, delta_size);
-
-		if (!delta_data) {
-			error("failed to unpack compressed delta "
-			      "at offset %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
-			      (uintmax_t)curpos, p->pack_name);
-			data = NULL;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		data = patch_delta(base, base_size,
-				   delta_data, delta_size,
-				   &size);
-
-		/*
-		 * We could not apply the delta; warn the user, but keep going.
-		 * Our failure will be noticed either in the next iteration of
-		 * the loop, or if this is the final delta, in the caller when
-		 * we return NULL. Those code paths will take care of making
-		 * a more explicit warning and retrying with another copy of
-		 * the object.
-		 */
-		if (!data)
-			error("failed to apply delta");
-
-		free(delta_data);
-	}
-
-	*final_type = type;
-	*final_size = size;
-
-	unuse_pack(&w_curs);
-
-	if (delta_stack != small_delta_stack)
-		free(delta_stack);
-
-	return data;
-}
-
-const unsigned char *nth_packed_object_sha1(struct packed_git *p,
-					    uint32_t n)
-{
-	const unsigned char *index = p->index_data;
-	if (!index) {
-		if (open_pack_index(p))
-			return NULL;
-		index = p->index_data;
-	}
-	if (n >= p->num_objects)
-		return NULL;
-	index += 4 * 256;
-	if (p->index_version == 1) {
-		return index + 24 * n + 4;
-	} else {
-		index += 8;
-		return index + 20 * n;
-	}
-}
-
-off_t nth_packed_object_offset(const struct packed_git *p, uint32_t n)
-{
-	const unsigned char *index = p->index_data;
-	index += 4 * 256;
-	if (p->index_version == 1) {
-		return ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(index + 24 * n)));
-	} else {
-		uint32_t off;
-		index += 8 + p->num_objects * (20 + 4);
-		off = ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(index + 4 * n)));
-		if (!(off & 0x80000000))
-			return off;
-		index += p->num_objects * 4 + (off & 0x7fffffff) * 8;
-		return (((uint64_t)ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(index + 0)))) << 32) |
-				   ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(index + 4)));
-	}
-}
-
-off_t find_pack_entry_one(const unsigned char *sha1,
-				  struct packed_git *p)
-{
-	const uint32_t *level1_ofs = p->index_data;
-	const unsigned char *index = p->index_data;
-	unsigned hi, lo, stride;
-	static int use_lookup = -1;
-	static int debug_lookup = -1;
-
-	if (debug_lookup < 0)
-		debug_lookup = !!getenv("GIT_DEBUG_LOOKUP");
-
-	if (!index) {
-		if (open_pack_index(p))
-			return 0;
-		level1_ofs = p->index_data;
-		index = p->index_data;
-	}
-	if (p->index_version > 1) {
-		level1_ofs += 2;
-		index += 8;
-	}
-	index += 4 * 256;
-	hi = ntohl(level1_ofs[*sha1]);
-	lo = ((*sha1 == 0x0) ? 0 : ntohl(level1_ofs[*sha1 - 1]));
-	if (p->index_version > 1) {
-		stride = 20;
-	} else {
-		stride = 24;
-		index += 4;
-	}
-
-	if (debug_lookup)
-		printf("%02x%02x%02x... lo %u hi %u nr %"PRIu32"\n",
-		       sha1[0], sha1[1], sha1[2], lo, hi, p->num_objects);
-
-	if (use_lookup < 0)
-		use_lookup = !!getenv("GIT_USE_LOOKUP");
-	if (use_lookup) {
-		int pos = sha1_entry_pos(index, stride, 0,
-					 lo, hi, p->num_objects, sha1);
-		if (pos < 0)
-			return 0;
-		return nth_packed_object_offset(p, pos);
-	}
-
-	do {
-		unsigned mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
-		int cmp = hashcmp(index + mi * stride, sha1);
-
-		if (debug_lookup)
-			printf("lo %u hi %u rg %u mi %u\n",
-			       lo, hi, hi - lo, mi);
-		if (!cmp)
-			return nth_packed_object_offset(p, mi);
-		if (cmp > 0)
-			hi = mi;
-		else
-			lo = mi+1;
-	} while (lo < hi);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int is_pack_valid(struct packed_git *p)
-{
-	/* An already open pack is known to be valid. */
-	if (p->pack_fd != -1)
-		return 1;
-
-	/* If the pack has one window completely covering the
-	 * file size, the pack is known to be valid even if
-	 * the descriptor is not currently open.
-	 */
-	if (p->windows) {
-		struct pack_window *w = p->windows;
-
-		if (!w->offset && w->len == p->pack_size)
-			return 1;
-	}
-
-	/* Force the pack to open to prove its valid. */
-	return !open_packed_git(p);
-}
-
-static int fill_pack_entry(const unsigned char *sha1,
-			   struct pack_entry *e,
-			   struct packed_git *p)
-{
-	off_t offset;
-
-	if (p->num_bad_objects) {
-		unsigned i;
-		for (i = 0; i < p->num_bad_objects; i++)
-			if (!hashcmp(sha1, p->bad_object_sha1 + 20 * i))
-				return 0;
-	}
-
-	offset = find_pack_entry_one(sha1, p);
-	if (!offset)
-		return 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * We are about to tell the caller where they can locate the
-	 * requested object.  We better make sure the packfile is
-	 * still here and can be accessed before supplying that
-	 * answer, as it may have been deleted since the index was
-	 * loaded!
-	 */
-	if (!is_pack_valid(p)) {
-		warning("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	e->offset = offset;
-	e->p = p;
-	hashcpy(e->sha1, sha1);
-	return 1;
-}
-
-/*
- * Iff a pack file contains the object named by sha1, return true and
- * store its location to e.
- */
-static int find_pack_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, struct pack_entry *e)
-{
-	struct packed_git *p;
-
-	prepare_packed_git();
-	if (!packed_git)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (last_found_pack && fill_pack_entry(sha1, e, last_found_pack))
-		return 1;
-
-	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-		if (p == last_found_pack)
-			continue; /* we already checked this one */
-
-		if (fill_pack_entry(sha1, e, p)) {
-			last_found_pack = p;
-			return 1;
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-struct packed_git *find_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1,
-				  struct packed_git *packs)
-{
-	struct packed_git *p;
-
-	for (p = packs; p; p = p->next) {
-		if (find_pack_entry_one(sha1, p))
-			return p;
-	}
-	return NULL;
-
-}
-
-static int sha1_loose_object_info(const unsigned char *sha1,
-				  struct object_info *oi)
-{
-	int status;
-	unsigned long mapsize, size;
-	void *map;
-	git_zstream stream;
-	char hdr[32];
-
-	if (oi->delta_base_sha1)
-		hashclr(oi->delta_base_sha1);
-
-	/*
-	 * If we don't care about type or size, then we don't
-	 * need to look inside the object at all. Note that we
-	 * do not optimize out the stat call, even if the
-	 * caller doesn't care about the disk-size, since our
-	 * return value implicitly indicates whether the
-	 * object even exists.
-	 */
-	if (!oi->typep && !oi->sizep) {
-		struct stat st;
-		if (stat_sha1_file(sha1, &st) < 0)
-			return -1;
-		if (oi->disk_sizep)
-			*oi->disk_sizep = st.st_size;
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	map = map_sha1_file(sha1, &mapsize);
-	if (!map)
-		return -1;
-	if (oi->disk_sizep)
-		*oi->disk_sizep = mapsize;
-	if (unpack_sha1_header(&stream, map, mapsize, hdr, sizeof(hdr)) < 0)
-		status = error("unable to unpack %s header",
-			       sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	else if ((status = parse_sha1_header(hdr, &size)) < 0)
-		status = error("unable to parse %s header", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	else if (oi->sizep)
-		*oi->sizep = size;
-	git_inflate_end(&stream);
-	munmap(map, mapsize);
-	if (oi->typep)
-		*oi->typep = status;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int sha1_object_info_extended(const unsigned char *sha1, struct object_info *oi, unsigned flags)
-{
-	struct cached_object *co;
-	struct pack_entry e;
-	int rtype;
-	const unsigned char *real = lookup_replace_object_extended(sha1, flags);
-
-	co = find_cached_object(real);
-	if (co) {
-		if (oi->typep)
-			*(oi->typep) = co->type;
-		if (oi->sizep)
-			*(oi->sizep) = co->size;
-		if (oi->disk_sizep)
-			*(oi->disk_sizep) = 0;
-		if (oi->delta_base_sha1)
-			hashclr(oi->delta_base_sha1);
-		oi->whence = OI_CACHED;
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (!find_pack_entry(real, &e)) {
-		/* Most likely it's a loose object. */
-		if (!sha1_loose_object_info(real, oi)) {
-			oi->whence = OI_LOOSE;
-			return 0;
-		}
-
-		/* Not a loose object; someone else may have just packed it. */
-		reprepare_packed_git();
-		if (!find_pack_entry(real, &e))
-			return -1;
-	}
-
-	rtype = packed_object_info(e.p, e.offset, oi);
-	if (rtype < 0) {
-		mark_bad_packed_object(e.p, real);
-		return sha1_object_info_extended(real, oi, 0);
-	} else if (in_delta_base_cache(e.p, e.offset)) {
-		oi->whence = OI_DBCACHED;
-	} else {
-		oi->whence = OI_PACKED;
-		oi->u.packed.offset = e.offset;
-		oi->u.packed.pack = e.p;
-		oi->u.packed.is_delta = (rtype == OBJ_REF_DELTA ||
-					 rtype == OBJ_OFS_DELTA);
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* returns enum object_type or negative */
-int sha1_object_info(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *sizep)
-{
-	enum object_type type;
-	struct object_info oi = {NULL};
-
-	oi.typep = &type;
-	oi.sizep = sizep;
-	if (sha1_object_info_extended(sha1, &oi, LOOKUP_REPLACE_OBJECT) < 0)
-		return -1;
-	return type;
-}
-
-static void *read_packed_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1,
-			      enum object_type *type, unsigned long *size)
-{
-	struct pack_entry e;
-	void *data;
-
-	if (!find_pack_entry(sha1, &e))
-		return NULL;
-	data = cache_or_unpack_entry(e.p, e.offset, size, type, 1);
-	if (!data) {
-		/*
-		 * We're probably in deep shit, but let's try to fetch
-		 * the required object anyway from another pack or loose.
-		 * This should happen only in the presence of a corrupted
-		 * pack, and is better than failing outright.
-		 */
-		error("failed to read object %s at offset %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
-		      sha1_to_hex(sha1), (uintmax_t)e.offset, e.p->pack_name);
-		mark_bad_packed_object(e.p, sha1);
-		data = read_object(sha1, type, size);
-	}
-	return data;
-}
-
-int pretend_sha1_file(void *buf, unsigned long len, enum object_type type,
-		      unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct cached_object *co;
-
-	hash_sha1_file(buf, len, typename(type), sha1);
-	if (has_sha1_file(sha1) || find_cached_object(sha1))
-		return 0;
-	ALLOC_GROW(cached_objects, cached_object_nr + 1, cached_object_alloc);
-	co = &cached_objects[cached_object_nr++];
-	co->size = len;
-	co->type = type;
-	co->buf = xmalloc(len);
-	memcpy(co->buf, buf, len);
-	hashcpy(co->sha1, sha1);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void *read_object(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type,
-			 unsigned long *size)
-{
-	unsigned long mapsize;
-	void *map, *buf;
-	struct cached_object *co;
-
-	co = find_cached_object(sha1);
-	if (co) {
-		*type = co->type;
-		*size = co->size;
-		return xmemdupz(co->buf, co->size);
-	}
-
-	buf = read_packed_sha1(sha1, type, size);
-	if (buf)
-		return buf;
-	map = map_sha1_file(sha1, &mapsize);
-	if (map) {
-		buf = unpack_sha1_file(map, mapsize, type, size, sha1);
-		munmap(map, mapsize);
-		return buf;
-	}
-	reprepare_packed_git();
-	return read_packed_sha1(sha1, type, size);
-}
-
-/*
- * This function dies on corrupt objects; the callers who want to
- * deal with them should arrange to call read_object() and give error
- * messages themselves.
- */
-void *read_sha1_file_extended(const unsigned char *sha1,
-			      enum object_type *type,
-			      unsigned long *size,
-			      unsigned flag)
-{
-	void *data;
-	const struct packed_git *p;
-	const unsigned char *repl = lookup_replace_object_extended(sha1, flag);
-
-	errno = 0;
-	data = read_object(repl, type, size);
-	if (data)
-		return data;
-
-	if (errno && errno != ENOENT)
-		die_errno("failed to read object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-
-	/* die if we replaced an object with one that does not exist */
-	if (repl != sha1)
-		die("replacement %s not found for %s",
-		    sha1_to_hex(repl), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-
-	if (has_loose_object(repl)) {
-		const char *path = sha1_file_name(sha1);
-
-		die("loose object %s (stored in %s) is corrupt",
-		    sha1_to_hex(repl), path);
-	}
-
-	if ((p = has_packed_and_bad(repl)) != NULL)
-		die("packed object %s (stored in %s) is corrupt",
-		    sha1_to_hex(repl), p->pack_name);
-
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-void *read_object_with_reference(const unsigned char *sha1,
-				 const char *required_type_name,
-				 unsigned long *size,
-				 unsigned char *actual_sha1_return)
-{
-	enum object_type type, required_type;
-	void *buffer;
-	unsigned long isize;
-	unsigned char actual_sha1[20];
-
-	required_type = type_from_string(required_type_name);
-	hashcpy(actual_sha1, sha1);
-	while (1) {
-		int ref_length = -1;
-		const char *ref_type = NULL;
-
-		buffer = read_sha1_file(actual_sha1, &type, &isize);
-		if (!buffer)
-			return NULL;
-		if (type == required_type) {
-			*size = isize;
-			if (actual_sha1_return)
-				hashcpy(actual_sha1_return, actual_sha1);
-			return buffer;
-		}
-		/* Handle references */
-		else if (type == OBJ_COMMIT)
-			ref_type = "tree ";
-		else if (type == OBJ_TAG)
-			ref_type = "object ";
-		else {
-			free(buffer);
-			return NULL;
-		}
-		ref_length = strlen(ref_type);
-
-		if (ref_length + 40 > isize ||
-		    memcmp(buffer, ref_type, ref_length) ||
-		    get_sha1_hex((char *) buffer + ref_length, actual_sha1)) {
-			free(buffer);
-			return NULL;
-		}
-		free(buffer);
-		/* Now we have the ID of the referred-to object in
-		 * actual_sha1.  Check again. */
-	}
-}
-
-static void write_sha1_file_prepare(const void *buf, unsigned long len,
-                                    const char *type, unsigned char *sha1,
-                                    char *hdr, int *hdrlen)
-{
-	git_SHA_CTX c;
-
-	/* Generate the header */
-	*hdrlen = sprintf(hdr, "%s %lu", type, len)+1;
-
-	/* Sha1.. */
-	git_SHA1_Init(&c);
-	git_SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, *hdrlen);
-	git_SHA1_Update(&c, buf, len);
-	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &c);
-}
-
-/*
- * Move the just written object into its final resting place.
- * NEEDSWORK: this should be renamed to finalize_temp_file() as
- * "moving" is only a part of what it does, when no patch between
- * master to pu changes the call sites of this function.
- */
-int move_temp_to_file(const char *tmpfile, const char *filename)
-{
-	int ret = 0;
-
-	if (object_creation_mode == OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES)
-		goto try_rename;
-	else if (link(tmpfile, filename))
-		ret = errno;
-
-	/*
-	 * Coda hack - coda doesn't like cross-directory links,
-	 * so we fall back to a rename, which will mean that it
-	 * won't be able to check collisions, but that's not a
-	 * big deal.
-	 *
-	 * The same holds for FAT formatted media.
-	 *
-	 * When this succeeds, we just return.  We have nothing
-	 * left to unlink.
-	 */
-	if (ret && ret != EEXIST) {
-	try_rename:
-		if (!rename(tmpfile, filename))
-			goto out;
-		ret = errno;
-	}
-	unlink_or_warn(tmpfile);
-	if (ret) {
-		if (ret != EEXIST) {
-			return error("unable to write sha1 filename %s: %s", filename, strerror(ret));
-		}
-		/* FIXME!!! Collision check here ? */
-	}
-
-out:
-	if (adjust_shared_perm(filename))
-		return error("unable to set permission to '%s'", filename);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int write_buffer(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len)
-{
-	if (write_in_full(fd, buf, len) < 0)
-		return error("file write error (%s)", strerror(errno));
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int hash_sha1_file(const void *buf, unsigned long len, const char *type,
-                   unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	char hdr[32];
-	int hdrlen;
-	write_sha1_file_prepare(buf, len, type, sha1, hdr, &hdrlen);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* Finalize a file on disk, and close it. */
-static void close_sha1_file(int fd)
-{
-	if (fsync_object_files)
-		fsync_or_die(fd, "sha1 file");
-	if (close(fd) != 0)
-		die_errno("error when closing sha1 file");
-}
-
-/* Size of directory component, including the ending '/' */
-static inline int directory_size(const char *filename)
-{
-	const char *s = strrchr(filename, '/');
-	if (!s)
-		return 0;
-	return s - filename + 1;
-}
-
-/*
- * This creates a temporary file in the same directory as the final
- * 'filename'
- *
- * We want to avoid cross-directory filename renames, because those
- * can have problems on various filesystems (FAT, NFS, Coda).
- */
-static int create_tmpfile(char *buffer, size_t bufsiz, const char *filename)
-{
-	int fd, dirlen = directory_size(filename);
-
-	if (dirlen + 20 > bufsiz) {
-		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
-		return -1;
-	}
-	memcpy(buffer, filename, dirlen);
-	strcpy(buffer + dirlen, "tmp_obj_XXXXXX");
-	fd = git_mkstemp_mode(buffer, 0444);
-	if (fd < 0 && dirlen && errno == ENOENT) {
-		/* Make sure the directory exists */
-		memcpy(buffer, filename, dirlen);
-		buffer[dirlen-1] = 0;
-		if (mkdir(buffer, 0777) && errno != EEXIST)
-			return -1;
-		if (adjust_shared_perm(buffer))
-			return -1;
-
-		/* Try again */
-		strcpy(buffer + dirlen - 1, "/tmp_obj_XXXXXX");
-		fd = git_mkstemp_mode(buffer, 0444);
-	}
-	return fd;
-}
-
-static int write_loose_object(const unsigned char *sha1, char *hdr, int hdrlen,
-			      const void *buf, unsigned long len, time_t mtime)
-{
-	int fd, ret;
-	unsigned char compressed[4096];
-	git_zstream stream;
-	git_SHA_CTX c;
-	unsigned char parano_sha1[20];
-	static char tmp_file[PATH_MAX];
-	const char *filename = sha1_file_name(sha1);
-
-	fd = create_tmpfile(tmp_file, sizeof(tmp_file), filename);
-	if (fd < 0) {
-		if (errno == EACCES)
-			return error("insufficient permission for adding an object to repository database %s", get_object_directory());
-		else
-			return error("unable to create temporary file: %s", strerror(errno));
-	}
-
-	/* Set it up */
-	git_deflate_init(&stream, zlib_compression_level);
-	stream.next_out = compressed;
-	stream.avail_out = sizeof(compressed);
-	git_SHA1_Init(&c);
-
-	/* First header.. */
-	stream.next_in = (unsigned char *)hdr;
-	stream.avail_in = hdrlen;
-	while (git_deflate(&stream, 0) == Z_OK)
-		; /* nothing */
-	git_SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, hdrlen);
-
-	/* Then the data itself.. */
-	stream.next_in = (void *)buf;
-	stream.avail_in = len;
-	do {
-		unsigned char *in0 = stream.next_in;
-		ret = git_deflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
-		git_SHA1_Update(&c, in0, stream.next_in - in0);
-		if (write_buffer(fd, compressed, stream.next_out - compressed) < 0)
-			die("unable to write sha1 file");
-		stream.next_out = compressed;
-		stream.avail_out = sizeof(compressed);
-	} while (ret == Z_OK);
-
-	if (ret != Z_STREAM_END)
-		die("unable to deflate new object %s (%d)", sha1_to_hex(sha1), ret);
-	ret = git_deflate_end_gently(&stream);
-	if (ret != Z_OK)
-		die("deflateEnd on object %s failed (%d)", sha1_to_hex(sha1), ret);
-	git_SHA1_Final(parano_sha1, &c);
-	if (hashcmp(sha1, parano_sha1) != 0)
-		die("confused by unstable object source data for %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-
-	close_sha1_file(fd);
-
-	if (mtime) {
-		struct utimbuf utb;
-		utb.actime = mtime;
-		utb.modtime = mtime;
-		if (utime(tmp_file, &utb) < 0)
-			warning("failed utime() on %s: %s",
-				tmp_file, strerror(errno));
-	}
-
-	return move_temp_to_file(tmp_file, filename);
-}
-
-static int freshen_loose_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	return check_and_freshen(sha1, 1);
-}
-
-static int freshen_packed_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct pack_entry e;
-	return find_pack_entry(sha1, &e) && freshen_file(e.p->pack_name);
-}
-
-int write_sha1_file(const void *buf, unsigned long len, const char *type, unsigned char *returnsha1)
-{
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char hdr[32];
-	int hdrlen;
-
-	/* Normally if we have it in the pack then we do not bother writing
-	 * it out into .git/objects/??/?{38} file.
-	 */
-	write_sha1_file_prepare(buf, len, type, sha1, hdr, &hdrlen);
-	if (returnsha1)
-		hashcpy(returnsha1, sha1);
-	if (freshen_loose_object(sha1) || freshen_packed_object(sha1))
-		return 0;
-	return write_loose_object(sha1, hdr, hdrlen, buf, len, 0);
-}
-
-int force_object_loose(const unsigned char *sha1, time_t mtime)
-{
-	void *buf;
-	unsigned long len;
-	enum object_type type;
-	char hdr[32];
-	int hdrlen;
-	int ret;
-
-	if (has_loose_object(sha1))
-		return 0;
-	buf = read_packed_sha1(sha1, &type, &len);
-	if (!buf)
-		return error("cannot read sha1_file for %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	hdrlen = sprintf(hdr, "%s %lu", typename(type), len) + 1;
-	ret = write_loose_object(sha1, hdr, hdrlen, buf, len, mtime);
-	free(buf);
-
-	return ret;
-}
-
-int has_pack_index(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct stat st;
-	if (stat(sha1_pack_index_name(sha1), &st))
-		return 0;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-int has_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct pack_entry e;
-	return find_pack_entry(sha1, &e);
-}
-
-int has_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct pack_entry e;
-
-	if (find_pack_entry(sha1, &e))
-		return 1;
-	if (has_loose_object(sha1))
-		return 1;
-	reprepare_packed_git();
-	return find_pack_entry(sha1, &e);
-}
-
-static void check_tree(const void *buf, size_t size)
-{
-	struct tree_desc desc;
-	struct name_entry entry;
-
-	init_tree_desc(&desc, buf, size);
-	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry))
-		/* do nothing
-		 * tree_entry() will die() on malformed entries */
-		;
-}
-
-static void check_commit(const void *buf, size_t size)
-{
-	struct commit c;
-	memset(&c, 0, sizeof(c));
-	if (parse_commit_buffer(&c, buf, size))
-		die("corrupt commit");
-}
-
-static void check_tag(const void *buf, size_t size)
-{
-	struct tag t;
-	memset(&t, 0, sizeof(t));
-	if (parse_tag_buffer(&t, buf, size))
-		die("corrupt tag");
-}
-
-static int index_mem(unsigned char *sha1, void *buf, size_t size,
-		     enum object_type type,
-		     const char *path, unsigned flags)
-{
-	int ret, re_allocated = 0;
-	int write_object = flags & HASH_WRITE_OBJECT;
-
-	if (!type)
-		type = OBJ_BLOB;
-
-	/*
-	 * Convert blobs to git internal format
-	 */
-	if ((type == OBJ_BLOB) && path) {
-		struct strbuf nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-		if (convert_to_git(path, buf, size, &nbuf,
-				   write_object ? safe_crlf : SAFE_CRLF_FALSE)) {
-			buf = strbuf_detach(&nbuf, &size);
-			re_allocated = 1;
-		}
-	}
-	if (flags & HASH_FORMAT_CHECK) {
-		if (type == OBJ_TREE)
-			check_tree(buf, size);
-		if (type == OBJ_COMMIT)
-			check_commit(buf, size);
-		if (type == OBJ_TAG)
-			check_tag(buf, size);
-	}
-
-	if (write_object)
-		ret = write_sha1_file(buf, size, typename(type), sha1);
-	else
-		ret = hash_sha1_file(buf, size, typename(type), sha1);
-	if (re_allocated)
-		free(buf);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static int index_stream_convert_blob(unsigned char *sha1, int fd,
-				     const char *path, unsigned flags)
-{
-	int ret;
-	const int write_object = flags & HASH_WRITE_OBJECT;
-	struct strbuf sbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	assert(path);
-	assert(would_convert_to_git_filter_fd(path));
-
-	convert_to_git_filter_fd(path, fd, &sbuf,
-				 write_object ? safe_crlf : SAFE_CRLF_FALSE);
-
-	if (write_object)
-		ret = write_sha1_file(sbuf.buf, sbuf.len, typename(OBJ_BLOB),
-				      sha1);
-	else
-		ret = hash_sha1_file(sbuf.buf, sbuf.len, typename(OBJ_BLOB),
-				     sha1);
-	strbuf_release(&sbuf);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static int index_pipe(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, enum object_type type,
-		      const char *path, unsigned flags)
-{
-	struct strbuf sbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int ret;
-
-	if (strbuf_read(&sbuf, fd, 4096) >= 0)
-		ret = index_mem(sha1, sbuf.buf, sbuf.len, type,	path, flags);
-	else
-		ret = -1;
-	strbuf_release(&sbuf);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-#define SMALL_FILE_SIZE (32*1024)
-
-static int index_core(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, size_t size,
-		      enum object_type type, const char *path,
-		      unsigned flags)
-{
-	int ret;
-
-	if (!size) {
-		ret = index_mem(sha1, NULL, size, type, path, flags);
-	} else if (size <= SMALL_FILE_SIZE) {
-		char *buf = xmalloc(size);
-		if (size == read_in_full(fd, buf, size))
-			ret = index_mem(sha1, buf, size, type, path, flags);
-		else
-			ret = error("short read %s", strerror(errno));
-		free(buf);
-	} else {
-		void *buf = xmmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
-		ret = index_mem(sha1, buf, size, type, path, flags);
-		munmap(buf, size);
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
-
-/*
- * This creates one packfile per large blob unless bulk-checkin
- * machinery is "plugged".
- *
- * This also bypasses the usual "convert-to-git" dance, and that is on
- * purpose. We could write a streaming version of the converting
- * functions and insert that before feeding the data to fast-import
- * (or equivalent in-core API described above). However, that is
- * somewhat complicated, as we do not know the size of the filter
- * result, which we need to know beforehand when writing a git object.
- * Since the primary motivation for trying to stream from the working
- * tree file and to avoid mmaping it in core is to deal with large
- * binary blobs, they generally do not want to get any conversion, and
- * callers should avoid this code path when filters are requested.
- */
-static int index_stream(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, size_t size,
-			enum object_type type, const char *path,
-			unsigned flags)
-{
-	return index_bulk_checkin(sha1, fd, size, type, path, flags);
-}
-
-int index_fd(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, struct stat *st,
-	     enum object_type type, const char *path, unsigned flags)
-{
-	int ret;
-
-	/*
-	 * Call xsize_t() only when needed to avoid potentially unnecessary
-	 * die() for large files.
-	 */
-	if (type == OBJ_BLOB && path && would_convert_to_git_filter_fd(path))
-		ret = index_stream_convert_blob(sha1, fd, path, flags);
-	else if (!S_ISREG(st->st_mode))
-		ret = index_pipe(sha1, fd, type, path, flags);
-	else if (st->st_size <= big_file_threshold || type != OBJ_BLOB ||
-		 (path && would_convert_to_git(path)))
-		ret = index_core(sha1, fd, xsize_t(st->st_size), type, path,
-				 flags);
-	else
-		ret = index_stream(sha1, fd, xsize_t(st->st_size), type, path,
-				   flags);
-	close(fd);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-int index_path(unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, struct stat *st, unsigned flags)
-{
-	int fd;
-	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
-	case S_IFREG:
-		fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
-		if (fd < 0)
-			return error("open(\"%s\"): %s", path,
-				     strerror(errno));
-		if (index_fd(sha1, fd, st, OBJ_BLOB, path, flags) < 0)
-			return error("%s: failed to insert into database",
-				     path);
-		break;
-	case S_IFLNK:
-		if (strbuf_readlink(&sb, path, st->st_size)) {
-			char *errstr = strerror(errno);
-			return error("readlink(\"%s\"): %s", path,
-			             errstr);
-		}
-		if (!(flags & HASH_WRITE_OBJECT))
-			hash_sha1_file(sb.buf, sb.len, blob_type, sha1);
-		else if (write_sha1_file(sb.buf, sb.len, blob_type, sha1))
-			return error("%s: failed to insert into database",
-				     path);
-		strbuf_release(&sb);
-		break;
-	case S_IFDIR:
-		return resolve_gitlink_ref(path, "HEAD", sha1);
-	default:
-		return error("%s: unsupported file type", path);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int read_pack_header(int fd, struct pack_header *header)
-{
-	if (read_in_full(fd, header, sizeof(*header)) < sizeof(*header))
-		/* "eof before pack header was fully read" */
-		return PH_ERROR_EOF;
-
-	if (header->hdr_signature != htonl(PACK_SIGNATURE))
-		/* "protocol error (pack signature mismatch detected)" */
-		return PH_ERROR_PACK_SIGNATURE;
-	if (!pack_version_ok(header->hdr_version))
-		/* "protocol error (pack version unsupported)" */
-		return PH_ERROR_PROTOCOL;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-void assert_sha1_type(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type expect)
-{
-	enum object_type type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
-	if (type < 0)
-		die("%s is not a valid object", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	if (type != expect)
-		die("%s is not a valid '%s' object", sha1_to_hex(sha1),
-		    typename(expect));
-}
-
-static int for_each_file_in_obj_subdir(int subdir_nr,
-				       struct strbuf *path,
-				       each_loose_object_fn obj_cb,
-				       each_loose_cruft_fn cruft_cb,
-				       each_loose_subdir_fn subdir_cb,
-				       void *data)
-{
-	size_t baselen = path->len;
-	DIR *dir = opendir(path->buf);
-	struct dirent *de;
-	int r = 0;
-
-	if (!dir) {
-		if (errno == ENOENT)
-			return 0;
-		return error("unable to open %s: %s", path->buf, strerror(errno));
-	}
-
-	while ((de = readdir(dir))) {
-		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name))
-			continue;
-
-		strbuf_setlen(path, baselen);
-		strbuf_addf(path, "/%s", de->d_name);
-
-		if (strlen(de->d_name) == 38)  {
-			char hex[41];
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
-
-			snprintf(hex, sizeof(hex), "%02x%s",
-				 subdir_nr, de->d_name);
-			if (!get_sha1_hex(hex, sha1)) {
-				if (obj_cb) {
-					r = obj_cb(sha1, path->buf, data);
-					if (r)
-						break;
-				}
-				continue;
-			}
-		}
-
-		if (cruft_cb) {
-			r = cruft_cb(de->d_name, path->buf, data);
-			if (r)
-				break;
-		}
-	}
-	strbuf_setlen(path, baselen);
-
-	if (!r && subdir_cb)
-		r = subdir_cb(subdir_nr, path->buf, data);
-
-	closedir(dir);
-	return r;
-}
-
-int for_each_loose_file_in_objdir_buf(struct strbuf *path,
-			    each_loose_object_fn obj_cb,
-			    each_loose_cruft_fn cruft_cb,
-			    each_loose_subdir_fn subdir_cb,
-			    void *data)
-{
-	size_t baselen = path->len;
-	int r = 0;
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
-		strbuf_addf(path, "/%02x", i);
-		r = for_each_file_in_obj_subdir(i, path, obj_cb, cruft_cb,
-						subdir_cb, data);
-		strbuf_setlen(path, baselen);
-		if (r)
-			break;
-	}
-
-	return r;
-}
-
-int for_each_loose_file_in_objdir(const char *path,
-				  each_loose_object_fn obj_cb,
-				  each_loose_cruft_fn cruft_cb,
-				  each_loose_subdir_fn subdir_cb,
-				  void *data)
-{
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int r;
-
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, path);
-	r = for_each_loose_file_in_objdir_buf(&buf, obj_cb, cruft_cb,
-					      subdir_cb, data);
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
-
-	return r;
-}
-
-struct loose_alt_odb_data {
-	each_loose_object_fn *cb;
-	void *data;
-};
-
-static int loose_from_alt_odb(struct alternate_object_database *alt,
-			      void *vdata)
-{
-	struct loose_alt_odb_data *data = vdata;
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int r;
-
-	/* copy base not including trailing '/' */
-	strbuf_add(&buf, alt->base, alt->name - alt->base - 1);
-	r = for_each_loose_file_in_objdir_buf(&buf,
-					      data->cb, NULL, NULL,
-					      data->data);
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	return r;
-}
-
-int for_each_loose_object(each_loose_object_fn cb, void *data)
-{
-	struct loose_alt_odb_data alt;
-	int r;
-
-	r = for_each_loose_file_in_objdir(get_object_directory(),
-					  cb, NULL, NULL, data);
-	if (r)
-		return r;
-
-	alt.cb = cb;
-	alt.data = data;
-	return foreach_alt_odb(loose_from_alt_odb, &alt);
-}
-
-static int for_each_object_in_pack(struct packed_git *p, each_packed_object_fn cb, void *data)
-{
-	uint32_t i;
-	int r = 0;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < p->num_objects; i++) {
-		const unsigned char *sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, i);
-
-		if (!sha1)
-			return error("unable to get sha1 of object %u in %s",
-				     i, p->pack_name);
-
-		r = cb(sha1, p, i, data);
-		if (r)
-			break;
-	}
-	return r;
-}
-
-int for_each_packed_object(each_packed_object_fn cb, void *data)
-{
-	struct packed_git *p;
-	int r = 0;
-
-	prepare_packed_git();
-	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-		r = for_each_object_in_pack(p, cb, data);
-		if (r)
-			break;
-	}
-	return r;
-}
diff --git a/sha1collisiondetection b/sha1collisiondetection
new file mode 160000
+Subproject 232357eb2ea0397388254a4b188333a227bf5b1
diff --git a/sha1dc/.gitattributes b/sha1dc/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..da53f40548
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sha1dc/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* whitespace=-indent-with-non-tab
diff --git a/sha1dc/LICENSE.txt b/sha1dc/LICENSE.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4a3e6a1b15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sha1dc/LICENSE.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2017:
+    Marc Stevens
+    Cryptology Group
+    Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica
+    P.O. Box 94079, 1090 GB Amsterdam, Netherlands
+    marc@marc-stevens.nl
+
+    Dan Shumow
+    Microsoft Research
+    danshu@microsoft.com
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/sha1dc/sha1.c b/sha1dc/sha1.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..df0630bc6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sha1dc/sha1.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1910 @@
+/***
+* Copyright 2017 Marc Stevens <marc@marc-stevens.nl>, Dan Shumow (danshu@microsoft.com)
+* Distributed under the MIT Software License.
+* See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+* https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
+***/
+
+#ifndef SHA1DC_NO_STANDARD_INCLUDES
+#include <string.h>
+#include <memory.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#ifdef __unix__
+#include <sys/types.h> /* make sure macros like _BIG_ENDIAN visible */
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SHA1DC_CUSTOM_INCLUDE_SHA1_C
+#include SHA1DC_CUSTOM_INCLUDE_SHA1_C
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SHA1DC_INIT_SAFE_HASH_DEFAULT
+#define SHA1DC_INIT_SAFE_HASH_DEFAULT 1
+#endif
+
+#include "sha1.h"
+#include "ubc_check.h"
+
+#if (defined(__amd64__) || defined(__amd64) || defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__x86_64) || \
+     defined(i386) || defined(__i386) || defined(__i386__) || defined(__i486__)  || \
+     defined(__i586__) || defined(__i686__) || defined(_M_IX86) || defined(__X86__) || \
+     defined(_X86_) || defined(__THW_INTEL__) || defined(__I86__) || defined(__INTEL__) || \
+     defined(__386) || defined(_M_X64) || defined(_M_AMD64))
+#define SHA1DC_ON_INTEL_LIKE_PROCESSOR
+#endif
+
+/*
+   Because Little-Endian architectures are most common,
+   we only set SHA1DC_BIGENDIAN if one of these conditions is met.
+   Note that all MSFT platforms are little endian,
+   so none of these will be defined under the MSC compiler.
+   If you are compiling on a big endian platform and your compiler does not define one of these,
+   you will have to add whatever macros your tool chain defines to indicate Big-Endianness.
+ */
+
+#if defined(__BYTE_ORDER__) && defined(__ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__)
+/*
+ * Should detect Big Endian under GCC since at least 4.6.0 (gcc svn
+ * rev #165881). See
+ * https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/cpp/Common-Predefined-Macros.html
+ *
+ * This also works under clang since 3.2, it copied the GCC-ism. See
+ * clang.git's 3b198a97d2 ("Preprocessor: add __BYTE_ORDER__
+ * predefined macro", 2012-07-27)
+ */
+#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
+#define SHA1DC_BIGENDIAN
+#endif
+
+/* Not under GCC-alike */
+#elif defined(__BYTE_ORDER) && defined(__BIG_ENDIAN)
+/*
+ * Should detect Big Endian under glibc.git since 14245eb70e ("entered
+ * into RCS", 1992-11-25). Defined in <endian.h> which will have been
+ * brought in by standard headers. See glibc.git and
+ * https://sourceforge.net/p/predef/wiki/Endianness/
+ */
+#if __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN
+#define SHA1DC_BIGENDIAN
+#endif
+
+/* Not under GCC-alike or glibc */
+#elif defined(_BYTE_ORDER) && defined(_BIG_ENDIAN) && defined(_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+/*
+ * *BSD and newlib (embeded linux, cygwin, etc).
+ * the defined(_BIG_ENDIAN) && defined(_LITTLE_ENDIAN) part prevents
+ * this condition from matching with Solaris/sparc.
+ * (Solaris defines only one endian macro)
+ */
+#if _BYTE_ORDER == _BIG_ENDIAN
+#define SHA1DC_BIGENDIAN
+#endif
+
+/* Not under GCC-alike or glibc or *BSD or newlib */
+#elif (defined(__ARMEB__) || defined(__THUMBEB__) || defined(__AARCH64EB__) || \
+       defined(__MIPSEB__) || defined(__MIPSEB) || defined(_MIPSEB) || \
+       defined(__sparc))
+/*
+ * Should define Big Endian for a whitelist of known processors. See
+ * https://sourceforge.net/p/predef/wiki/Endianness/ and
+ * http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/solaris/portingtosolaris-138514.html
+ */
+#define SHA1DC_BIGENDIAN
+
+/* Not under GCC-alike or glibc or *BSD or newlib or <processor whitelist> */
+#elif (defined(_AIX))
+
+/*
+ * Defines Big Endian on a whitelist of OSs that are known to be Big
+ * Endian-only. See
+ * https://public-inbox.org/git/93056823-2740-d072-1ebd-46b440b33d7e@felt.demon.nl/
+ */
+#define SHA1DC_BIGENDIAN
+
+/* Not under GCC-alike or glibc or *BSD or newlib or <processor whitelist> or <os whitelist> */
+#elif defined(SHA1DC_ON_INTEL_LIKE_PROCESSOR)
+/*
+ * As a last resort before we do anything else we're not 100% sure
+ * about below, we blacklist specific processors here. We could add
+ * more, see e.g. https://wiki.debian.org/ArchitectureSpecificsMemo
+ */
+#else /* Not under GCC-alike or glibc or *BSD or newlib or <processor whitelist> or <os whitelist> or <processor blacklist> */
+
+/* We do nothing more here for now */
+/*#error "Uncomment this to see if you fall through all the detection"*/
+
+#endif /* Big Endian detection */
+
+#if (defined(SHA1DC_FORCE_LITTLEENDIAN) && defined(SHA1DC_BIGENDIAN))
+#undef SHA1DC_BIGENDIAN
+#endif
+#if (defined(SHA1DC_FORCE_BIGENDIAN) && !defined(SHA1DC_BIGENDIAN))
+#define SHA1DC_BIGENDIAN
+#endif
+/*ENDIANNESS SELECTION*/
+
+#if defined(SHA1DC_FORCE_UNALIGNED_ACCESS) || defined(SHA1DC_ON_INTEL_LIKE_PROCESSOR)
+#define SHA1DC_ALLOW_UNALIGNED_ACCESS
+#endif /*UNALIGNMENT DETECTION*/
+
+
+#define rotate_right(x,n) (((x)>>(n))|((x)<<(32-(n))))
+#define rotate_left(x,n)  (((x)<<(n))|((x)>>(32-(n))))
+
+#define sha1_bswap32(x) \
+	{x = ((x << 8) & 0xFF00FF00) | ((x >> 8) & 0xFF00FF); x = (x << 16) | (x >> 16);}
+
+#define sha1_mix(W, t)  (rotate_left(W[t - 3] ^ W[t - 8] ^ W[t - 14] ^ W[t - 16], 1))
+
+#ifdef SHA1DC_BIGENDIAN
+	#define sha1_load(m, t, temp)  { temp = m[t]; }
+#else
+	#define sha1_load(m, t, temp)  { temp = m[t]; sha1_bswap32(temp); }
+#endif
+
+#define sha1_store(W, t, x)	*(volatile uint32_t *)&W[t] = x
+
+#define sha1_f1(b,c,d) ((d)^((b)&((c)^(d))))
+#define sha1_f2(b,c,d) ((b)^(c)^(d))
+#define sha1_f3(b,c,d) (((b)&(c))+((d)&((b)^(c))))
+#define sha1_f4(b,c,d) ((b)^(c)^(d))
+
+#define HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, m, t) \
+	{ e += rotate_left(a, 5) + sha1_f1(b,c,d) + 0x5A827999 + m[t]; b = rotate_left(b, 30); }
+#define HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, m, t) \
+	{ e += rotate_left(a, 5) + sha1_f2(b,c,d) + 0x6ED9EBA1 + m[t]; b = rotate_left(b, 30); }
+#define HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, m, t) \
+	{ e += rotate_left(a, 5) + sha1_f3(b,c,d) + 0x8F1BBCDC + m[t]; b = rotate_left(b, 30); }
+#define HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, m, t) \
+	{ e += rotate_left(a, 5) + sha1_f4(b,c,d) + 0xCA62C1D6 + m[t]; b = rotate_left(b, 30); }
+
+#define HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, m, t) \
+	{ b = rotate_right(b, 30); e -= rotate_left(a, 5) + sha1_f1(b,c,d) + 0x5A827999 + m[t]; }
+#define HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, m, t) \
+	{ b = rotate_right(b, 30); e -= rotate_left(a, 5) + sha1_f2(b,c,d) + 0x6ED9EBA1 + m[t]; }
+#define HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, m, t) \
+	{ b = rotate_right(b, 30); e -= rotate_left(a, 5) + sha1_f3(b,c,d) + 0x8F1BBCDC + m[t]; }
+#define HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, m, t) \
+	{ b = rotate_right(b, 30); e -= rotate_left(a, 5) + sha1_f4(b,c,d) + 0xCA62C1D6 + m[t]; }
+
+#define SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_LOAD(a, b, c, d, e, m, W, t, temp) \
+	{sha1_load(m, t, temp); sha1_store(W, t, temp); e += temp + rotate_left(a, 5) + sha1_f1(b,c,d) + 0x5A827999; b = rotate_left(b, 30);}
+
+#define SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_EXPAND(a, b, c, d, e, W, t, temp) \
+	{temp = sha1_mix(W, t); sha1_store(W, t, temp); e += temp + rotate_left(a, 5) + sha1_f1(b,c,d) + 0x5A827999; b = rotate_left(b, 30); }
+
+#define SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, t, temp) \
+	{temp = sha1_mix(W, t); sha1_store(W, t, temp); e += temp + rotate_left(a, 5) + sha1_f2(b,c,d) + 0x6ED9EBA1; b = rotate_left(b, 30); }
+
+#define SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, t, temp) \
+	{temp = sha1_mix(W, t); sha1_store(W, t, temp); e += temp + rotate_left(a, 5) + sha1_f3(b,c,d) + 0x8F1BBCDC; b = rotate_left(b, 30); }
+
+#define SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, t, temp) \
+	{temp = sha1_mix(W, t); sha1_store(W, t, temp); e += temp + rotate_left(a, 5) + sha1_f4(b,c,d) + 0xCA62C1D6; b = rotate_left(b, 30); }
+
+
+#define SHA1_STORE_STATE(i) states[i][0] = a; states[i][1] = b; states[i][2] = c; states[i][3] = d; states[i][4] = e;
+
+#ifdef BUILDNOCOLLDETECTSHA1COMPRESSION
+void sha1_compression(uint32_t ihv[5], const uint32_t m[16])
+{
+	uint32_t W[80];
+	uint32_t a,b,c,d,e;
+	unsigned i;
+
+	memcpy(W, m, 16 * 4);
+	for (i = 16; i < 80; ++i)
+		W[i] = sha1_mix(W, i);
+
+	a = ihv[0]; b = ihv[1]; c = ihv[2]; d = ihv[3]; e = ihv[4];
+
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 0);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 1);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 2);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 3);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 4);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 5);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 6);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 7);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 8);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 9);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 10);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 11);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 12);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 13);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 14);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 15);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 16);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 17);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 18);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 19);
+
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 20);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 21);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 22);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 23);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 24);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 25);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 26);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 27);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 28);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 29);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 30);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 31);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 32);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 33);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 34);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 35);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 36);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 37);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 38);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 39);
+
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 40);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 41);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 42);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 43);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 44);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 45);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 46);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 47);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 48);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 49);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 50);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 51);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 52);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 53);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 54);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 55);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 56);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 57);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 58);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 59);
+
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 60);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 61);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 62);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 63);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 64);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 65);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 66);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 67);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 68);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 69);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 70);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 71);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 72);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 73);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 74);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 75);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 76);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 77);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 78);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 79);
+
+	ihv[0] += a; ihv[1] += b; ihv[2] += c; ihv[3] += d; ihv[4] += e;
+}
+#endif /*BUILDNOCOLLDETECTSHA1COMPRESSION*/
+
+
+static void sha1_compression_W(uint32_t ihv[5], const uint32_t W[80])
+{
+	uint32_t a = ihv[0], b = ihv[1], c = ihv[2], d = ihv[3], e = ihv[4];
+
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 0);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 1);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 2);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 3);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 4);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 5);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 6);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 7);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 8);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 9);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 10);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 11);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 12);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 13);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 14);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 15);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 16);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 17);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 18);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 19);
+
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 20);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 21);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 22);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 23);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 24);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 25);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 26);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 27);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 28);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 29);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 30);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 31);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 32);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 33);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 34);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 35);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 36);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 37);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 38);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 39);
+
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 40);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 41);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 42);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 43);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 44);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 45);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 46);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 47);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 48);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 49);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 50);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 51);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 52);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 53);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 54);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 55);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 56);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 57);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 58);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 59);
+
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 60);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 61);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 62);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 63);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 64);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 65);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 66);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 67);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 68);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 69);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 70);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 71);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 72);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 73);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 74);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 75);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 76);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 77);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 78);
+	HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 79);
+
+	ihv[0] += a; ihv[1] += b; ihv[2] += c; ihv[3] += d; ihv[4] += e;
+}
+
+
+
+void sha1_compression_states(uint32_t ihv[5], const uint32_t m[16], uint32_t W[80], uint32_t states[80][5])
+{
+	uint32_t a = ihv[0], b = ihv[1], c = ihv[2], d = ihv[3], e = ihv[4];
+	uint32_t temp;
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE00
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(0)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_LOAD(a, b, c, d, e, m, W, 0, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE01
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(1)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_LOAD(e, a, b, c, d, m, W, 1, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE02
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(2)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_LOAD(d, e, a, b, c, m, W, 2, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE03
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(3)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_LOAD(c, d, e, a, b, m, W, 3, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE04
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(4)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_LOAD(b, c, d, e, a, m, W, 4, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE05
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(5)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_LOAD(a, b, c, d, e, m, W, 5, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE06
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(6)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_LOAD(e, a, b, c, d, m, W, 6, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE07
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(7)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_LOAD(d, e, a, b, c, m, W, 7, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE08
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(8)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_LOAD(c, d, e, a, b, m, W, 8, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE09
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(9)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_LOAD(b, c, d, e, a, m, W, 9, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE10
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(10)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_LOAD(a, b, c, d, e, m, W, 10, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE11
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(11)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_LOAD(e, a, b, c, d, m, W, 11, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE12
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(12)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_LOAD(d, e, a, b, c, m, W, 12, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE13
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(13)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_LOAD(c, d, e, a, b, m, W, 13, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE14
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(14)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_LOAD(b, c, d, e, a, m, W, 14, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE15
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(15)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_LOAD(a, b, c, d, e, m, W, 15, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE16
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(16)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_EXPAND(e, a, b, c, d, W, 16, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE17
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(17)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_EXPAND(d, e, a, b, c, W, 17, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE18
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(18)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_EXPAND(c, d, e, a, b, W, 18, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE19
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(19)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND1_STEP_EXPAND(b, c, d, e, a, W, 19, temp);
+
+
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE20
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(20)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 20, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE21
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(21)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 21, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE22
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(22)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 22, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE23
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(23)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 23, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE24
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(24)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 24, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE25
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(25)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 25, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE26
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(26)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 26, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE27
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(27)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 27, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE28
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(28)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 28, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE29
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(29)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 29, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE30
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(30)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 30, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE31
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(31)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 31, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE32
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(32)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 32, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE33
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(33)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 33, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE34
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(34)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 34, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE35
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(35)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 35, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE36
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(36)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 36, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE37
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(37)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 37, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE38
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(38)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 38, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE39
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(39)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND2_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 39, temp);
+
+
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE40
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(40)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 40, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE41
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(41)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 41, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE42
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(42)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 42, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE43
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(43)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 43, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE44
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(44)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 44, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE45
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(45)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 45, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE46
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(46)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 46, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE47
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(47)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 47, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE48
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(48)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 48, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE49
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(49)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 49, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE50
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(50)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 50, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE51
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(51)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 51, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE52
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(52)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 52, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE53
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(53)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 53, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE54
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(54)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 54, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE55
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(55)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 55, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE56
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(56)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 56, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE57
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(57)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 57, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE58
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(58)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 58, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE59
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(59)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND3_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 59, temp);
+
+
+
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE60
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(60)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 60, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE61
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(61)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 61, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE62
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(62)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 62, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE63
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(63)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 63, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE64
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(64)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 64, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE65
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(65)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 65, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE66
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(66)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 66, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE67
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(67)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 67, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE68
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(68)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 68, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE69
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(69)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 69, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE70
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(70)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 70, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE71
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(71)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 71, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE72
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(72)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 72, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE73
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(73)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 73, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE74
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(74)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 74, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE75
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(75)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, W, 75, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE76
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(76)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, W, 76, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE77
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(77)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, W, 77, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE78
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(78)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, W, 78, temp);
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE79
+	SHA1_STORE_STATE(79)
+#endif
+	SHA1COMPRESS_FULL_ROUND4_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, W, 79, temp);
+
+
+
+	ihv[0] += a; ihv[1] += b; ihv[2] += c; ihv[3] += d; ihv[4] += e;
+}
+
+
+
+
+#define SHA1_RECOMPRESS(t) \
+static void sha1recompress_fast_ ## t (uint32_t ihvin[5], uint32_t ihvout[5], const uint32_t me2[80], const uint32_t state[5]) \
+{ \
+	uint32_t a = state[0], b = state[1], c = state[2], d = state[3], e = state[4]; \
+	if (t > 79) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 79); \
+	if (t > 78) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 78); \
+	if (t > 77) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 77); \
+	if (t > 76) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 76); \
+	if (t > 75) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 75); \
+	if (t > 74) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 74); \
+	if (t > 73) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 73); \
+	if (t > 72) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 72); \
+	if (t > 71) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 71); \
+	if (t > 70) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 70); \
+	if (t > 69) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 69); \
+	if (t > 68) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 68); \
+	if (t > 67) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 67); \
+	if (t > 66) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 66); \
+	if (t > 65) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 65); \
+	if (t > 64) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 64); \
+	if (t > 63) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 63); \
+	if (t > 62) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 62); \
+	if (t > 61) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 61); \
+	if (t > 60) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 60); \
+	if (t > 59) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 59); \
+	if (t > 58) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 58); \
+	if (t > 57) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 57); \
+	if (t > 56) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 56); \
+	if (t > 55) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 55); \
+	if (t > 54) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 54); \
+	if (t > 53) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 53); \
+	if (t > 52) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 52); \
+	if (t > 51) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 51); \
+	if (t > 50) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 50); \
+	if (t > 49) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 49); \
+	if (t > 48) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 48); \
+	if (t > 47) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 47); \
+	if (t > 46) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 46); \
+	if (t > 45) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 45); \
+	if (t > 44) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 44); \
+	if (t > 43) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 43); \
+	if (t > 42) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 42); \
+	if (t > 41) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 41); \
+	if (t > 40) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 40); \
+	if (t > 39) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 39); \
+	if (t > 38) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 38); \
+	if (t > 37) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 37); \
+	if (t > 36) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 36); \
+	if (t > 35) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 35); \
+	if (t > 34) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 34); \
+	if (t > 33) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 33); \
+	if (t > 32) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 32); \
+	if (t > 31) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 31); \
+	if (t > 30) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 30); \
+	if (t > 29) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 29); \
+	if (t > 28) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 28); \
+	if (t > 27) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 27); \
+	if (t > 26) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 26); \
+	if (t > 25) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 25); \
+	if (t > 24) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 24); \
+	if (t > 23) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 23); \
+	if (t > 22) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 22); \
+	if (t > 21) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 21); \
+	if (t > 20) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 20); \
+	if (t > 19) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 19); \
+	if (t > 18) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 18); \
+	if (t > 17) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 17); \
+	if (t > 16) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 16); \
+	if (t > 15) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 15); \
+	if (t > 14) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 14); \
+	if (t > 13) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 13); \
+	if (t > 12) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 12); \
+	if (t > 11) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 11); \
+	if (t > 10) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 10); \
+	if (t > 9) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 9); \
+	if (t > 8) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 8); \
+	if (t > 7) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 7); \
+	if (t > 6) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 6); \
+	if (t > 5) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 5); \
+	if (t > 4) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 4); \
+	if (t > 3) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 3); \
+	if (t > 2) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 2); \
+	if (t > 1) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 1); \
+	if (t > 0) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP_BW(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 0); \
+	ihvin[0] = a; ihvin[1] = b; ihvin[2] = c; ihvin[3] = d; ihvin[4] = e; \
+	a = state[0]; b = state[1]; c = state[2]; d = state[3]; e = state[4]; \
+	if (t <= 0) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 0); \
+	if (t <= 1) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 1); \
+	if (t <= 2) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 2); \
+	if (t <= 3) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 3); \
+	if (t <= 4) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 4); \
+	if (t <= 5) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 5); \
+	if (t <= 6) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 6); \
+	if (t <= 7) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 7); \
+	if (t <= 8) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 8); \
+	if (t <= 9) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 9); \
+	if (t <= 10) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 10); \
+	if (t <= 11) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 11); \
+	if (t <= 12) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 12); \
+	if (t <= 13) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 13); \
+	if (t <= 14) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 14); \
+	if (t <= 15) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 15); \
+	if (t <= 16) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 16); \
+	if (t <= 17) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 17); \
+	if (t <= 18) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 18); \
+	if (t <= 19) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND1_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 19); \
+	if (t <= 20) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 20); \
+	if (t <= 21) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 21); \
+	if (t <= 22) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 22); \
+	if (t <= 23) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 23); \
+	if (t <= 24) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 24); \
+	if (t <= 25) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 25); \
+	if (t <= 26) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 26); \
+	if (t <= 27) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 27); \
+	if (t <= 28) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 28); \
+	if (t <= 29) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 29); \
+	if (t <= 30) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 30); \
+	if (t <= 31) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 31); \
+	if (t <= 32) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 32); \
+	if (t <= 33) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 33); \
+	if (t <= 34) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 34); \
+	if (t <= 35) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 35); \
+	if (t <= 36) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 36); \
+	if (t <= 37) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 37); \
+	if (t <= 38) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 38); \
+	if (t <= 39) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND2_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 39); \
+	if (t <= 40) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 40); \
+	if (t <= 41) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 41); \
+	if (t <= 42) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 42); \
+	if (t <= 43) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 43); \
+	if (t <= 44) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 44); \
+	if (t <= 45) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 45); \
+	if (t <= 46) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 46); \
+	if (t <= 47) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 47); \
+	if (t <= 48) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 48); \
+	if (t <= 49) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 49); \
+	if (t <= 50) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 50); \
+	if (t <= 51) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 51); \
+	if (t <= 52) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 52); \
+	if (t <= 53) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 53); \
+	if (t <= 54) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 54); \
+	if (t <= 55) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 55); \
+	if (t <= 56) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 56); \
+	if (t <= 57) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 57); \
+	if (t <= 58) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 58); \
+	if (t <= 59) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND3_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 59); \
+	if (t <= 60) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 60); \
+	if (t <= 61) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 61); \
+	if (t <= 62) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 62); \
+	if (t <= 63) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 63); \
+	if (t <= 64) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 64); \
+	if (t <= 65) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 65); \
+	if (t <= 66) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 66); \
+	if (t <= 67) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 67); \
+	if (t <= 68) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 68); \
+	if (t <= 69) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 69); \
+	if (t <= 70) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 70); \
+	if (t <= 71) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 71); \
+	if (t <= 72) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 72); \
+	if (t <= 73) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 73); \
+	if (t <= 74) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 74); \
+	if (t <= 75) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(a, b, c, d, e, me2, 75); \
+	if (t <= 76) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(e, a, b, c, d, me2, 76); \
+	if (t <= 77) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(d, e, a, b, c, me2, 77); \
+	if (t <= 78) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(c, d, e, a, b, me2, 78); \
+	if (t <= 79) HASHCLASH_SHA1COMPRESS_ROUND4_STEP(b, c, d, e, a, me2, 79); \
+	ihvout[0] = ihvin[0] + a; ihvout[1] = ihvin[1] + b; ihvout[2] = ihvin[2] + c; ihvout[3] = ihvin[3] + d; ihvout[4] = ihvin[4] + e; \
+}
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable: 4127)  /* Compiler complains about the checks in the above macro being constant. */
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE0
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(0)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE1
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(1)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE2
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(2)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE3
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(3)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE4
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(4)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE5
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(5)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE6
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(6)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE7
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(7)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE8
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(8)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE9
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(9)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE10
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(10)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE11
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(11)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE12
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(12)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE13
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(13)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE14
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(14)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE15
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(15)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE16
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(16)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE17
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(17)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE18
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(18)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE19
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(19)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE20
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(20)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE21
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(21)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE22
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(22)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE23
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(23)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE24
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(24)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE25
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(25)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE26
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(26)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE27
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(27)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE28
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(28)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE29
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(29)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE30
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(30)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE31
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(31)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE32
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(32)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE33
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(33)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE34
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(34)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE35
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(35)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE36
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(36)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE37
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(37)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE38
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(38)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE39
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(39)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE40
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(40)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE41
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(41)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE42
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(42)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE43
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(43)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE44
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(44)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE45
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(45)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE46
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(46)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE47
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(47)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE48
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(48)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE49
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(49)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE50
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(50)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE51
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(51)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE52
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(52)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE53
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(53)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE54
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(54)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE55
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(55)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE56
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(56)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE57
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(57)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE58
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(58)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE59
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(59)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE60
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(60)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE61
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(61)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE62
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(62)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE63
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(63)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE64
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(64)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE65
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(65)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE66
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(66)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE67
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(67)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE68
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(68)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE69
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(69)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE70
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(70)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE71
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(71)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE72
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(72)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE73
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(73)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE74
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(74)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE75
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(75)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE76
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(76)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE77
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(77)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE78
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(78)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE79
+SHA1_RECOMPRESS(79)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+
+static void sha1_recompression_step(uint32_t step, uint32_t ihvin[5], uint32_t ihvout[5], const uint32_t me2[80], const uint32_t state[5])
+{
+	switch (step)
+	{
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE0
+	case 0:
+		sha1recompress_fast_0(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE1
+	case 1:
+		sha1recompress_fast_1(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE2
+	case 2:
+		sha1recompress_fast_2(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE3
+	case 3:
+		sha1recompress_fast_3(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE4
+	case 4:
+		sha1recompress_fast_4(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE5
+	case 5:
+		sha1recompress_fast_5(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE6
+	case 6:
+		sha1recompress_fast_6(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE7
+	case 7:
+		sha1recompress_fast_7(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE8
+	case 8:
+		sha1recompress_fast_8(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE9
+	case 9:
+		sha1recompress_fast_9(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE10
+	case 10:
+		sha1recompress_fast_10(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE11
+	case 11:
+		sha1recompress_fast_11(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE12
+	case 12:
+		sha1recompress_fast_12(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE13
+	case 13:
+		sha1recompress_fast_13(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE14
+	case 14:
+		sha1recompress_fast_14(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE15
+	case 15:
+		sha1recompress_fast_15(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE16
+	case 16:
+		sha1recompress_fast_16(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE17
+	case 17:
+		sha1recompress_fast_17(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE18
+	case 18:
+		sha1recompress_fast_18(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE19
+	case 19:
+		sha1recompress_fast_19(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE20
+	case 20:
+		sha1recompress_fast_20(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE21
+	case 21:
+		sha1recompress_fast_21(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE22
+	case 22:
+		sha1recompress_fast_22(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE23
+	case 23:
+		sha1recompress_fast_23(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE24
+	case 24:
+		sha1recompress_fast_24(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE25
+	case 25:
+		sha1recompress_fast_25(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE26
+	case 26:
+		sha1recompress_fast_26(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE27
+	case 27:
+		sha1recompress_fast_27(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE28
+	case 28:
+		sha1recompress_fast_28(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE29
+	case 29:
+		sha1recompress_fast_29(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE30
+	case 30:
+		sha1recompress_fast_30(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE31
+	case 31:
+		sha1recompress_fast_31(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE32
+	case 32:
+		sha1recompress_fast_32(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE33
+	case 33:
+		sha1recompress_fast_33(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE34
+	case 34:
+		sha1recompress_fast_34(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE35
+	case 35:
+		sha1recompress_fast_35(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE36
+	case 36:
+		sha1recompress_fast_36(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE37
+	case 37:
+		sha1recompress_fast_37(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE38
+	case 38:
+		sha1recompress_fast_38(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE39
+	case 39:
+		sha1recompress_fast_39(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE40
+	case 40:
+		sha1recompress_fast_40(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE41
+	case 41:
+		sha1recompress_fast_41(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE42
+	case 42:
+		sha1recompress_fast_42(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE43
+	case 43:
+		sha1recompress_fast_43(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE44
+	case 44:
+		sha1recompress_fast_44(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE45
+	case 45:
+		sha1recompress_fast_45(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE46
+	case 46:
+		sha1recompress_fast_46(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE47
+	case 47:
+		sha1recompress_fast_47(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE48
+	case 48:
+		sha1recompress_fast_48(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE49
+	case 49:
+		sha1recompress_fast_49(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE50
+	case 50:
+		sha1recompress_fast_50(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE51
+	case 51:
+		sha1recompress_fast_51(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE52
+	case 52:
+		sha1recompress_fast_52(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE53
+	case 53:
+		sha1recompress_fast_53(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE54
+	case 54:
+		sha1recompress_fast_54(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE55
+	case 55:
+		sha1recompress_fast_55(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE56
+	case 56:
+		sha1recompress_fast_56(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE57
+	case 57:
+		sha1recompress_fast_57(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE58
+	case 58:
+		sha1recompress_fast_58(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE59
+	case 59:
+		sha1recompress_fast_59(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE60
+	case 60:
+		sha1recompress_fast_60(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE61
+	case 61:
+		sha1recompress_fast_61(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE62
+	case 62:
+		sha1recompress_fast_62(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE63
+	case 63:
+		sha1recompress_fast_63(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE64
+	case 64:
+		sha1recompress_fast_64(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE65
+	case 65:
+		sha1recompress_fast_65(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE66
+	case 66:
+		sha1recompress_fast_66(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE67
+	case 67:
+		sha1recompress_fast_67(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE68
+	case 68:
+		sha1recompress_fast_68(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE69
+	case 69:
+		sha1recompress_fast_69(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE70
+	case 70:
+		sha1recompress_fast_70(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE71
+	case 71:
+		sha1recompress_fast_71(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE72
+	case 72:
+		sha1recompress_fast_72(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE73
+	case 73:
+		sha1recompress_fast_73(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE74
+	case 74:
+		sha1recompress_fast_74(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE75
+	case 75:
+		sha1recompress_fast_75(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE76
+	case 76:
+		sha1recompress_fast_76(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE77
+	case 77:
+		sha1recompress_fast_77(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE78
+	case 78:
+		sha1recompress_fast_78(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef DOSTORESTATE79
+	case 79:
+		sha1recompress_fast_79(ihvin, ihvout, me2, state);
+		break;
+#endif
+	default:
+		abort();
+	}
+
+}
+
+
+
+static void sha1_process(SHA1_CTX* ctx, const uint32_t block[16])
+{
+	unsigned i, j;
+	uint32_t ubc_dv_mask[DVMASKSIZE] = { 0xFFFFFFFF };
+	uint32_t ihvtmp[5];
+
+	ctx->ihv1[0] = ctx->ihv[0];
+	ctx->ihv1[1] = ctx->ihv[1];
+	ctx->ihv1[2] = ctx->ihv[2];
+	ctx->ihv1[3] = ctx->ihv[3];
+	ctx->ihv1[4] = ctx->ihv[4];
+
+	sha1_compression_states(ctx->ihv, block, ctx->m1, ctx->states);
+
+	if (ctx->detect_coll)
+	{
+		if (ctx->ubc_check)
+		{
+			ubc_check(ctx->m1, ubc_dv_mask);
+		}
+
+		if (ubc_dv_mask[0] != 0)
+		{
+			for (i = 0; sha1_dvs[i].dvType != 0; ++i)
+			{
+				if (ubc_dv_mask[0] & ((uint32_t)(1) << sha1_dvs[i].maskb))
+				{
+					for (j = 0; j < 80; ++j)
+						ctx->m2[j] = ctx->m1[j] ^ sha1_dvs[i].dm[j];
+
+					sha1_recompression_step(sha1_dvs[i].testt, ctx->ihv2, ihvtmp, ctx->m2, ctx->states[sha1_dvs[i].testt]);
+
+					/* to verify SHA-1 collision detection code with collisions for reduced-step SHA-1 */
+					if ((0 == ((ihvtmp[0] ^ ctx->ihv[0]) | (ihvtmp[1] ^ ctx->ihv[1]) | (ihvtmp[2] ^ ctx->ihv[2]) | (ihvtmp[3] ^ ctx->ihv[3]) | (ihvtmp[4] ^ ctx->ihv[4])))
+						|| (ctx->reduced_round_coll && 0==((ctx->ihv1[0] ^ ctx->ihv2[0]) | (ctx->ihv1[1] ^ ctx->ihv2[1]) | (ctx->ihv1[2] ^ ctx->ihv2[2]) | (ctx->ihv1[3] ^ ctx->ihv2[3]) | (ctx->ihv1[4] ^ ctx->ihv2[4]))))
+					{
+						ctx->found_collision = 1;
+
+						if (ctx->safe_hash)
+						{
+							sha1_compression_W(ctx->ihv, ctx->m1);
+							sha1_compression_W(ctx->ihv, ctx->m1);
+						}
+
+						break;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void SHA1DCInit(SHA1_CTX* ctx)
+{
+	ctx->total = 0;
+	ctx->ihv[0] = 0x67452301;
+	ctx->ihv[1] = 0xEFCDAB89;
+	ctx->ihv[2] = 0x98BADCFE;
+	ctx->ihv[3] = 0x10325476;
+	ctx->ihv[4] = 0xC3D2E1F0;
+	ctx->found_collision = 0;
+	ctx->safe_hash = SHA1DC_INIT_SAFE_HASH_DEFAULT;
+	ctx->ubc_check = 1;
+	ctx->detect_coll = 1;
+	ctx->reduced_round_coll = 0;
+	ctx->callback = NULL;
+}
+
+void SHA1DCSetSafeHash(SHA1_CTX* ctx, int safehash)
+{
+	if (safehash)
+		ctx->safe_hash = 1;
+	else
+		ctx->safe_hash = 0;
+}
+
+
+void SHA1DCSetUseUBC(SHA1_CTX* ctx, int ubc_check)
+{
+	if (ubc_check)
+		ctx->ubc_check = 1;
+	else
+		ctx->ubc_check = 0;
+}
+
+void SHA1DCSetUseDetectColl(SHA1_CTX* ctx, int detect_coll)
+{
+	if (detect_coll)
+		ctx->detect_coll = 1;
+	else
+		ctx->detect_coll = 0;
+}
+
+void SHA1DCSetDetectReducedRoundCollision(SHA1_CTX* ctx, int reduced_round_coll)
+{
+	if (reduced_round_coll)
+		ctx->reduced_round_coll = 1;
+	else
+		ctx->reduced_round_coll = 0;
+}
+
+void SHA1DCSetCallback(SHA1_CTX* ctx, collision_block_callback callback)
+{
+	ctx->callback = callback;
+}
+
+void SHA1DCUpdate(SHA1_CTX* ctx, const char* buf, size_t len)
+{
+	unsigned left, fill;
+
+	if (len == 0)
+		return;
+
+	left = ctx->total & 63;
+	fill = 64 - left;
+
+	if (left && len >= fill)
+	{
+		ctx->total += fill;
+		memcpy(ctx->buffer + left, buf, fill);
+		sha1_process(ctx, (uint32_t*)(ctx->buffer));
+		buf += fill;
+		len -= fill;
+		left = 0;
+	}
+	while (len >= 64)
+	{
+		ctx->total += 64;
+
+#if defined(SHA1DC_ALLOW_UNALIGNED_ACCESS)
+		sha1_process(ctx, (uint32_t*)(buf));
+#else
+		memcpy(ctx->buffer, buf, 64);
+		sha1_process(ctx, (uint32_t*)(ctx->buffer));
+#endif /* defined(SHA1DC_ALLOW_UNALIGNED_ACCESS) */
+		buf += 64;
+		len -= 64;
+	}
+	if (len > 0)
+	{
+		ctx->total += len;
+		memcpy(ctx->buffer + left, buf, len);
+	}
+}
+
+static const unsigned char sha1_padding[64] =
+{
+	0x80, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
+};
+
+int SHA1DCFinal(unsigned char output[20], SHA1_CTX *ctx)
+{
+	uint32_t last = ctx->total & 63;
+	uint32_t padn = (last < 56) ? (56 - last) : (120 - last);
+	uint64_t total;
+	SHA1DCUpdate(ctx, (const char*)(sha1_padding), padn);
+
+	total = ctx->total - padn;
+	total <<= 3;
+	ctx->buffer[56] = (unsigned char)(total >> 56);
+	ctx->buffer[57] = (unsigned char)(total >> 48);
+	ctx->buffer[58] = (unsigned char)(total >> 40);
+	ctx->buffer[59] = (unsigned char)(total >> 32);
+	ctx->buffer[60] = (unsigned char)(total >> 24);
+	ctx->buffer[61] = (unsigned char)(total >> 16);
+	ctx->buffer[62] = (unsigned char)(total >> 8);
+	ctx->buffer[63] = (unsigned char)(total);
+	sha1_process(ctx, (uint32_t*)(ctx->buffer));
+	output[0] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[0] >> 24);
+	output[1] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[0] >> 16);
+	output[2] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[0] >> 8);
+	output[3] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[0]);
+	output[4] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[1] >> 24);
+	output[5] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[1] >> 16);
+	output[6] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[1] >> 8);
+	output[7] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[1]);
+	output[8] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[2] >> 24);
+	output[9] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[2] >> 16);
+	output[10] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[2] >> 8);
+	output[11] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[2]);
+	output[12] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[3] >> 24);
+	output[13] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[3] >> 16);
+	output[14] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[3] >> 8);
+	output[15] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[3]);
+	output[16] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[4] >> 24);
+	output[17] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[4] >> 16);
+	output[18] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[4] >> 8);
+	output[19] = (unsigned char)(ctx->ihv[4]);
+	return ctx->found_collision;
+}
+
+#ifdef SHA1DC_CUSTOM_TRAILING_INCLUDE_SHA1_C
+#include SHA1DC_CUSTOM_TRAILING_INCLUDE_SHA1_C
+#endif
diff --git a/sha1dc/sha1.h b/sha1dc/sha1.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1e4e94be54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sha1dc/sha1.h
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/***
+* Copyright 2017 Marc Stevens <marc@marc-stevens.nl>, Dan Shumow <danshu@microsoft.com>
+* Distributed under the MIT Software License.
+* See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+* https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
+***/
+
+#ifndef SHA1DC_SHA1_H
+#define SHA1DC_SHA1_H
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SHA1DC_NO_STANDARD_INCLUDES
+#include <stdint.h>
+#endif
+
+/* sha-1 compression function that takes an already expanded message, and additionally store intermediate states */
+/* only stores states ii (the state between step ii-1 and step ii) when DOSTORESTATEii is defined in ubc_check.h */
+void sha1_compression_states(uint32_t[5], const uint32_t[16], uint32_t[80], uint32_t[80][5]);
+
+/*
+// Function type for sha1_recompression_step_T (uint32_t ihvin[5], uint32_t ihvout[5], const uint32_t me2[80], const uint32_t state[5]).
+// Where 0 <= T < 80
+//       me2 is an expanded message (the expansion of an original message block XOR'ed with a disturbance vector's message block difference.)
+//       state is the internal state (a,b,c,d,e) before step T of the SHA-1 compression function while processing the original message block.
+// The function will return:
+//       ihvin: The reconstructed input chaining value.
+//       ihvout: The reconstructed output chaining value.
+*/
+typedef void(*sha1_recompression_type)(uint32_t*, uint32_t*, const uint32_t*, const uint32_t*);
+
+/* A callback function type that can be set to be called when a collision block has been found: */
+/* void collision_block_callback(uint64_t byteoffset, const uint32_t ihvin1[5], const uint32_t ihvin2[5], const uint32_t m1[80], const uint32_t m2[80]) */
+typedef void(*collision_block_callback)(uint64_t, const uint32_t*, const uint32_t*, const uint32_t*, const uint32_t*);
+
+/* The SHA-1 context. */
+typedef struct {
+	uint64_t total;
+	uint32_t ihv[5];
+	unsigned char buffer[64];
+	int found_collision;
+	int safe_hash;
+	int detect_coll;
+	int ubc_check;
+	int reduced_round_coll;
+	collision_block_callback callback;
+
+	uint32_t ihv1[5];
+	uint32_t ihv2[5];
+	uint32_t m1[80];
+	uint32_t m2[80];
+	uint32_t states[80][5];
+} SHA1_CTX;
+
+/* Initialize SHA-1 context. */
+void SHA1DCInit(SHA1_CTX*);
+
+/*
+    Function to enable safe SHA-1 hashing:
+    Collision attacks are thwarted by hashing a detected near-collision block 3 times.
+    Think of it as extending SHA-1 from 80-steps to 240-steps for such blocks:
+        The best collision attacks against SHA-1 have complexity about 2^60,
+        thus for 240-steps an immediate lower-bound for the best cryptanalytic attacks would be 2^180.
+        An attacker would be better off using a generic birthday search of complexity 2^80.
+
+   Enabling safe SHA-1 hashing will result in the correct SHA-1 hash for messages where no collision attack was detected,
+   but it will result in a different SHA-1 hash for messages where a collision attack was detected.
+   This will automatically invalidate SHA-1 based digital signature forgeries.
+   Enabled by default.
+*/
+void SHA1DCSetSafeHash(SHA1_CTX*, int);
+
+/*
+    Function to disable or enable the use of Unavoidable Bitconditions (provides a significant speed up).
+    Enabled by default
+ */
+void SHA1DCSetUseUBC(SHA1_CTX*, int);
+
+/*
+    Function to disable or enable the use of Collision Detection.
+    Enabled by default.
+ */
+void SHA1DCSetUseDetectColl(SHA1_CTX*, int);
+
+/* function to disable or enable the detection of reduced-round SHA-1 collisions */
+/* disabled by default */
+void SHA1DCSetDetectReducedRoundCollision(SHA1_CTX*, int);
+
+/* function to set a callback function, pass NULL to disable */
+/* by default no callback set */
+void SHA1DCSetCallback(SHA1_CTX*, collision_block_callback);
+
+/* update SHA-1 context with buffer contents */
+void SHA1DCUpdate(SHA1_CTX*, const char*, size_t);
+
+/* obtain SHA-1 hash from SHA-1 context */
+/* returns: 0 = no collision detected, otherwise = collision found => warn user for active attack */
+int  SHA1DCFinal(unsigned char[20], SHA1_CTX*);
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SHA1DC_CUSTOM_TRAILING_INCLUDE_SHA1_H
+#include SHA1DC_CUSTOM_TRAILING_INCLUDE_SHA1_H
+#endif
+
+#endif
diff --git a/sha1dc/ubc_check.c b/sha1dc/ubc_check.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b3beff2afb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sha1dc/ubc_check.c
@@ -0,0 +1,372 @@
+/***
+* Copyright 2017 Marc Stevens <marc@marc-stevens.nl>, Dan Shumow <danshu@microsoft.com>
+* Distributed under the MIT Software License.
+* See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+* https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
+***/
+
+/*
+// this file was generated by the 'parse_bitrel' program in the tools section
+// using the data files from directory 'tools/data/3565'
+//
+// sha1_dvs contains a list of SHA-1 Disturbance Vectors (DV) to check
+// dvType, dvK and dvB define the DV: I(K,B) or II(K,B) (see the paper)
+// dm[80] is the expanded message block XOR-difference defined by the DV
+// testt is the step to do the recompression from for collision detection
+// maski and maskb define the bit to check for each DV in the dvmask returned by ubc_check
+//
+// ubc_check takes as input an expanded message block and verifies the unavoidable bitconditions for all listed DVs
+// it returns a dvmask where each bit belonging to a DV is set if all unavoidable bitconditions for that DV have been met
+// thus one needs to do the recompression check for each DV that has its bit set
+//
+// ubc_check is programmatically generated and the unavoidable bitconditions have been hardcoded
+// a directly verifiable version named ubc_check_verify can be found in ubc_check_verify.c
+// ubc_check has been verified against ubc_check_verify using the 'ubc_check_test' program in the tools section
+*/
+
+#ifndef SHA1DC_NO_STANDARD_INCLUDES
+#include <stdint.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef SHA1DC_CUSTOM_INCLUDE_UBC_CHECK_C
+#include SHA1DC_CUSTOM_INCLUDE_UBC_CHECK_C
+#endif
+#include "ubc_check.h"
+
+static const uint32_t DV_I_43_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 0;
+static const uint32_t DV_I_44_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 1;
+static const uint32_t DV_I_45_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 2;
+static const uint32_t DV_I_46_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 3;
+static const uint32_t DV_I_46_2_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 4;
+static const uint32_t DV_I_47_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 5;
+static const uint32_t DV_I_47_2_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 6;
+static const uint32_t DV_I_48_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 7;
+static const uint32_t DV_I_48_2_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 8;
+static const uint32_t DV_I_49_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 9;
+static const uint32_t DV_I_49_2_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 10;
+static const uint32_t DV_I_50_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 11;
+static const uint32_t DV_I_50_2_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 12;
+static const uint32_t DV_I_51_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 13;
+static const uint32_t DV_I_51_2_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 14;
+static const uint32_t DV_I_52_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 15;
+static const uint32_t DV_II_45_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 16;
+static const uint32_t DV_II_46_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 17;
+static const uint32_t DV_II_46_2_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 18;
+static const uint32_t DV_II_47_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 19;
+static const uint32_t DV_II_48_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 20;
+static const uint32_t DV_II_49_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 21;
+static const uint32_t DV_II_49_2_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 22;
+static const uint32_t DV_II_50_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 23;
+static const uint32_t DV_II_50_2_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 24;
+static const uint32_t DV_II_51_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 25;
+static const uint32_t DV_II_51_2_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 26;
+static const uint32_t DV_II_52_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 27;
+static const uint32_t DV_II_53_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 28;
+static const uint32_t DV_II_54_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 29;
+static const uint32_t DV_II_55_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 30;
+static const uint32_t DV_II_56_0_bit 	= (uint32_t)(1) << 31;
+
+dv_info_t sha1_dvs[] =
+{
+  {1,43,0,58,0,0, { 0x08000000,0x9800000c,0xd8000010,0x08000010,0xb8000010,0x98000000,0x60000000,0x00000008,0xc0000000,0x90000014,0x10000010,0xb8000014,0x28000000,0x20000010,0x48000000,0x08000018,0x60000000,0x90000010,0xf0000010,0x90000008,0xc0000000,0x90000010,0xf0000010,0xb0000008,0x40000000,0x90000000,0xf0000010,0x90000018,0x60000000,0x90000010,0x90000010,0x90000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0xa0000000,0x20000000,0xa0000000,0x20000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000001,0x00000020,0x00000001,0x40000002,0x40000040,0x40000002,0x80000004,0x80000080,0x80000006,0x00000049,0x00000103,0x80000009,0x80000012,0x80000202,0x00000018,0x00000164,0x00000408,0x800000e6,0x8000004c,0x00000803,0x80000161,0x80000599 } }
+, {1,44,0,58,0,1, { 0xb4000008,0x08000000,0x9800000c,0xd8000010,0x08000010,0xb8000010,0x98000000,0x60000000,0x00000008,0xc0000000,0x90000014,0x10000010,0xb8000014,0x28000000,0x20000010,0x48000000,0x08000018,0x60000000,0x90000010,0xf0000010,0x90000008,0xc0000000,0x90000010,0xf0000010,0xb0000008,0x40000000,0x90000000,0xf0000010,0x90000018,0x60000000,0x90000010,0x90000010,0x90000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0xa0000000,0x20000000,0xa0000000,0x20000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000001,0x00000020,0x00000001,0x40000002,0x40000040,0x40000002,0x80000004,0x80000080,0x80000006,0x00000049,0x00000103,0x80000009,0x80000012,0x80000202,0x00000018,0x00000164,0x00000408,0x800000e6,0x8000004c,0x00000803,0x80000161 } }
+, {1,45,0,58,0,2, { 0xf4000014,0xb4000008,0x08000000,0x9800000c,0xd8000010,0x08000010,0xb8000010,0x98000000,0x60000000,0x00000008,0xc0000000,0x90000014,0x10000010,0xb8000014,0x28000000,0x20000010,0x48000000,0x08000018,0x60000000,0x90000010,0xf0000010,0x90000008,0xc0000000,0x90000010,0xf0000010,0xb0000008,0x40000000,0x90000000,0xf0000010,0x90000018,0x60000000,0x90000010,0x90000010,0x90000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0xa0000000,0x20000000,0xa0000000,0x20000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000001,0x00000020,0x00000001,0x40000002,0x40000040,0x40000002,0x80000004,0x80000080,0x80000006,0x00000049,0x00000103,0x80000009,0x80000012,0x80000202,0x00000018,0x00000164,0x00000408,0x800000e6,0x8000004c,0x00000803 } }
+, {1,46,0,58,0,3, { 0x2c000010,0xf4000014,0xb4000008,0x08000000,0x9800000c,0xd8000010,0x08000010,0xb8000010,0x98000000,0x60000000,0x00000008,0xc0000000,0x90000014,0x10000010,0xb8000014,0x28000000,0x20000010,0x48000000,0x08000018,0x60000000,0x90000010,0xf0000010,0x90000008,0xc0000000,0x90000010,0xf0000010,0xb0000008,0x40000000,0x90000000,0xf0000010,0x90000018,0x60000000,0x90000010,0x90000010,0x90000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0xa0000000,0x20000000,0xa0000000,0x20000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000001,0x00000020,0x00000001,0x40000002,0x40000040,0x40000002,0x80000004,0x80000080,0x80000006,0x00000049,0x00000103,0x80000009,0x80000012,0x80000202,0x00000018,0x00000164,0x00000408,0x800000e6,0x8000004c } }
+, {1,46,2,58,0,4, { 0xb0000040,0xd0000053,0xd0000022,0x20000000,0x60000032,0x60000043,0x20000040,0xe0000042,0x60000002,0x80000001,0x00000020,0x00000003,0x40000052,0x40000040,0xe0000052,0xa0000000,0x80000040,0x20000001,0x20000060,0x80000001,0x40000042,0xc0000043,0x40000022,0x00000003,0x40000042,0xc0000043,0xc0000022,0x00000001,0x40000002,0xc0000043,0x40000062,0x80000001,0x40000042,0x40000042,0x40000002,0x00000002,0x00000040,0x80000002,0x80000000,0x80000002,0x80000040,0x00000000,0x80000040,0x80000000,0x00000040,0x80000000,0x00000040,0x80000002,0x00000000,0x80000000,0x80000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000004,0x00000080,0x00000004,0x00000009,0x00000101,0x00000009,0x00000012,0x00000202,0x0000001a,0x00000124,0x0000040c,0x00000026,0x0000004a,0x0000080a,0x00000060,0x00000590,0x00001020,0x0000039a,0x00000132 } }
+, {1,47,0,58,0,5, { 0xc8000010,0x2c000010,0xf4000014,0xb4000008,0x08000000,0x9800000c,0xd8000010,0x08000010,0xb8000010,0x98000000,0x60000000,0x00000008,0xc0000000,0x90000014,0x10000010,0xb8000014,0x28000000,0x20000010,0x48000000,0x08000018,0x60000000,0x90000010,0xf0000010,0x90000008,0xc0000000,0x90000010,0xf0000010,0xb0000008,0x40000000,0x90000000,0xf0000010,0x90000018,0x60000000,0x90000010,0x90000010,0x90000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0xa0000000,0x20000000,0xa0000000,0x20000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000001,0x00000020,0x00000001,0x40000002,0x40000040,0x40000002,0x80000004,0x80000080,0x80000006,0x00000049,0x00000103,0x80000009,0x80000012,0x80000202,0x00000018,0x00000164,0x00000408,0x800000e6 } }
+, {1,47,2,58,0,6, { 0x20000043,0xb0000040,0xd0000053,0xd0000022,0x20000000,0x60000032,0x60000043,0x20000040,0xe0000042,0x60000002,0x80000001,0x00000020,0x00000003,0x40000052,0x40000040,0xe0000052,0xa0000000,0x80000040,0x20000001,0x20000060,0x80000001,0x40000042,0xc0000043,0x40000022,0x00000003,0x40000042,0xc0000043,0xc0000022,0x00000001,0x40000002,0xc0000043,0x40000062,0x80000001,0x40000042,0x40000042,0x40000002,0x00000002,0x00000040,0x80000002,0x80000000,0x80000002,0x80000040,0x00000000,0x80000040,0x80000000,0x00000040,0x80000000,0x00000040,0x80000002,0x00000000,0x80000000,0x80000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000004,0x00000080,0x00000004,0x00000009,0x00000101,0x00000009,0x00000012,0x00000202,0x0000001a,0x00000124,0x0000040c,0x00000026,0x0000004a,0x0000080a,0x00000060,0x00000590,0x00001020,0x0000039a } }
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+, {2,49,0,58,0,21, { 0x3c000004,0xbc00001a,0x20000010,0x2400001c,0xec000014,0x0c000002,0xc0000010,0xb400001c,0x2c000004,0xbc000018,0xb0000010,0x0000000c,0xb8000010,0x08000018,0x78000010,0x08000014,0x70000010,0xb800001c,0xe8000000,0xb0000004,0x58000010,0xb000000c,0x48000000,0xb0000000,0xb8000010,0x98000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0x60000000,0x00000018,0xe0000000,0x90000000,0x30000010,0xb0000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0xa0000000,0x00000010,0x80000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000001,0x00000020,0x00000001,0x40000002,0x40000041,0x40000022,0x80000005,0xc0000082,0xc0000046,0x4000004b,0x80000107,0x00000089,0x00000014,0x8000024b,0x0000011b,0x8000016d } }
+, {2,49,2,58,0,22, { 0xf0000010,0xf000006a,0x80000040,0x90000070,0xb0000053,0x30000008,0x00000043,0xd0000072,0xb0000010,0xf0000062,0xc0000042,0x00000030,0xe0000042,0x20000060,0xe0000041,0x20000050,0xc0000041,0xe0000072,0xa0000003,0xc0000012,0x60000041,0xc0000032,0x20000001,0xc0000002,0xe0000042,0x60000042,0x80000002,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x80000000,0x00000002,0x00000040,0x00000000,0x80000040,0x80000000,0x00000040,0x80000001,0x00000060,0x80000003,0x40000002,0xc0000040,0xc0000002,0x80000000,0x80000000,0x80000002,0x00000040,0x00000002,0x80000000,0x80000000,0x80000000,0x00000002,0x00000040,0x00000000,0x80000040,0x80000002,0x00000000,0x80000000,0x80000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000004,0x00000080,0x00000004,0x00000009,0x00000105,0x00000089,0x00000016,0x0000020b,0x0000011b,0x0000012d,0x0000041e,0x00000224,0x00000050,0x0000092e,0x0000046c,0x000005b6 } }
+, {2,50,0,65,0,23, { 0xb400001c,0x3c000004,0xbc00001a,0x20000010,0x2400001c,0xec000014,0x0c000002,0xc0000010,0xb400001c,0x2c000004,0xbc000018,0xb0000010,0x0000000c,0xb8000010,0x08000018,0x78000010,0x08000014,0x70000010,0xb800001c,0xe8000000,0xb0000004,0x58000010,0xb000000c,0x48000000,0xb0000000,0xb8000010,0x98000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0x60000000,0x00000018,0xe0000000,0x90000000,0x30000010,0xb0000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0xa0000000,0x00000010,0x80000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000001,0x00000020,0x00000001,0x40000002,0x40000041,0x40000022,0x80000005,0xc0000082,0xc0000046,0x4000004b,0x80000107,0x00000089,0x00000014,0x8000024b,0x0000011b } }
+, {2,50,2,65,0,24, { 0xd0000072,0xf0000010,0xf000006a,0x80000040,0x90000070,0xb0000053,0x30000008,0x00000043,0xd0000072,0xb0000010,0xf0000062,0xc0000042,0x00000030,0xe0000042,0x20000060,0xe0000041,0x20000050,0xc0000041,0xe0000072,0xa0000003,0xc0000012,0x60000041,0xc0000032,0x20000001,0xc0000002,0xe0000042,0x60000042,0x80000002,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x80000000,0x00000002,0x00000040,0x00000000,0x80000040,0x80000000,0x00000040,0x80000001,0x00000060,0x80000003,0x40000002,0xc0000040,0xc0000002,0x80000000,0x80000000,0x80000002,0x00000040,0x00000002,0x80000000,0x80000000,0x80000000,0x00000002,0x00000040,0x00000000,0x80000040,0x80000002,0x00000000,0x80000000,0x80000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000004,0x00000080,0x00000004,0x00000009,0x00000105,0x00000089,0x00000016,0x0000020b,0x0000011b,0x0000012d,0x0000041e,0x00000224,0x00000050,0x0000092e,0x0000046c } }
+, {2,51,0,65,0,25, { 0xc0000010,0xb400001c,0x3c000004,0xbc00001a,0x20000010,0x2400001c,0xec000014,0x0c000002,0xc0000010,0xb400001c,0x2c000004,0xbc000018,0xb0000010,0x0000000c,0xb8000010,0x08000018,0x78000010,0x08000014,0x70000010,0xb800001c,0xe8000000,0xb0000004,0x58000010,0xb000000c,0x48000000,0xb0000000,0xb8000010,0x98000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0x60000000,0x00000018,0xe0000000,0x90000000,0x30000010,0xb0000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0xa0000000,0x00000010,0x80000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000001,0x00000020,0x00000001,0x40000002,0x40000041,0x40000022,0x80000005,0xc0000082,0xc0000046,0x4000004b,0x80000107,0x00000089,0x00000014,0x8000024b } }
+, {2,51,2,65,0,26, { 0x00000043,0xd0000072,0xf0000010,0xf000006a,0x80000040,0x90000070,0xb0000053,0x30000008,0x00000043,0xd0000072,0xb0000010,0xf0000062,0xc0000042,0x00000030,0xe0000042,0x20000060,0xe0000041,0x20000050,0xc0000041,0xe0000072,0xa0000003,0xc0000012,0x60000041,0xc0000032,0x20000001,0xc0000002,0xe0000042,0x60000042,0x80000002,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x80000000,0x00000002,0x00000040,0x00000000,0x80000040,0x80000000,0x00000040,0x80000001,0x00000060,0x80000003,0x40000002,0xc0000040,0xc0000002,0x80000000,0x80000000,0x80000002,0x00000040,0x00000002,0x80000000,0x80000000,0x80000000,0x00000002,0x00000040,0x00000000,0x80000040,0x80000002,0x00000000,0x80000000,0x80000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000004,0x00000080,0x00000004,0x00000009,0x00000105,0x00000089,0x00000016,0x0000020b,0x0000011b,0x0000012d,0x0000041e,0x00000224,0x00000050,0x0000092e } }
+, {2,52,0,65,0,27, { 0x0c000002,0xc0000010,0xb400001c,0x3c000004,0xbc00001a,0x20000010,0x2400001c,0xec000014,0x0c000002,0xc0000010,0xb400001c,0x2c000004,0xbc000018,0xb0000010,0x0000000c,0xb8000010,0x08000018,0x78000010,0x08000014,0x70000010,0xb800001c,0xe8000000,0xb0000004,0x58000010,0xb000000c,0x48000000,0xb0000000,0xb8000010,0x98000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0x60000000,0x00000018,0xe0000000,0x90000000,0x30000010,0xb0000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0xa0000000,0x00000010,0x80000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000001,0x00000020,0x00000001,0x40000002,0x40000041,0x40000022,0x80000005,0xc0000082,0xc0000046,0x4000004b,0x80000107,0x00000089,0x00000014 } }
+, {2,53,0,65,0,28, { 0xcc000014,0x0c000002,0xc0000010,0xb400001c,0x3c000004,0xbc00001a,0x20000010,0x2400001c,0xec000014,0x0c000002,0xc0000010,0xb400001c,0x2c000004,0xbc000018,0xb0000010,0x0000000c,0xb8000010,0x08000018,0x78000010,0x08000014,0x70000010,0xb800001c,0xe8000000,0xb0000004,0x58000010,0xb000000c,0x48000000,0xb0000000,0xb8000010,0x98000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0x60000000,0x00000018,0xe0000000,0x90000000,0x30000010,0xb0000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0xa0000000,0x00000010,0x80000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000001,0x00000020,0x00000001,0x40000002,0x40000041,0x40000022,0x80000005,0xc0000082,0xc0000046,0x4000004b,0x80000107,0x00000089 } }
+, {2,54,0,65,0,29, { 0x0400001c,0xcc000014,0x0c000002,0xc0000010,0xb400001c,0x3c000004,0xbc00001a,0x20000010,0x2400001c,0xec000014,0x0c000002,0xc0000010,0xb400001c,0x2c000004,0xbc000018,0xb0000010,0x0000000c,0xb8000010,0x08000018,0x78000010,0x08000014,0x70000010,0xb800001c,0xe8000000,0xb0000004,0x58000010,0xb000000c,0x48000000,0xb0000000,0xb8000010,0x98000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0x60000000,0x00000018,0xe0000000,0x90000000,0x30000010,0xb0000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0xa0000000,0x00000010,0x80000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000001,0x00000020,0x00000001,0x40000002,0x40000041,0x40000022,0x80000005,0xc0000082,0xc0000046,0x4000004b,0x80000107 } }
+, {2,55,0,65,0,30, { 0x00000010,0x0400001c,0xcc000014,0x0c000002,0xc0000010,0xb400001c,0x3c000004,0xbc00001a,0x20000010,0x2400001c,0xec000014,0x0c000002,0xc0000010,0xb400001c,0x2c000004,0xbc000018,0xb0000010,0x0000000c,0xb8000010,0x08000018,0x78000010,0x08000014,0x70000010,0xb800001c,0xe8000000,0xb0000004,0x58000010,0xb000000c,0x48000000,0xb0000000,0xb8000010,0x98000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0x60000000,0x00000018,0xe0000000,0x90000000,0x30000010,0xb0000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0xa0000000,0x00000010,0x80000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000001,0x00000020,0x00000001,0x40000002,0x40000041,0x40000022,0x80000005,0xc0000082,0xc0000046,0x4000004b } }
+, {2,56,0,65,0,31, { 0x2600001a,0x00000010,0x0400001c,0xcc000014,0x0c000002,0xc0000010,0xb400001c,0x3c000004,0xbc00001a,0x20000010,0x2400001c,0xec000014,0x0c000002,0xc0000010,0xb400001c,0x2c000004,0xbc000018,0xb0000010,0x0000000c,0xb8000010,0x08000018,0x78000010,0x08000014,0x70000010,0xb800001c,0xe8000000,0xb0000004,0x58000010,0xb000000c,0x48000000,0xb0000000,0xb8000010,0x98000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0x20000000,0x00000010,0x60000000,0x00000018,0xe0000000,0x90000000,0x30000010,0xb0000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0xa0000000,0x00000010,0x80000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x80000000,0x00000010,0x00000000,0x20000010,0xa0000000,0x00000000,0x20000000,0x20000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000001,0x00000020,0x00000001,0x40000002,0x40000041,0x40000022,0x80000005,0xc0000082,0xc0000046 } }
+, {0,0,0,0,0,0, {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}}
+};
+void ubc_check(const uint32_t W[80], uint32_t dvmask[1])
+{
+	uint32_t mask = ~((uint32_t)(0));
+	mask &= (((((W[44]^W[45])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_I_52_0_bit|DV_II_45_0_bit|DV_II_46_0_bit|DV_II_50_0_bit|DV_II_51_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[49]^W[50])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_46_0_bit|DV_II_45_0_bit|DV_II_50_0_bit|DV_II_51_0_bit|DV_II_55_0_bit|DV_II_56_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[48]^W[49])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_I_52_0_bit|DV_II_49_0_bit|DV_II_50_0_bit|DV_II_54_0_bit|DV_II_55_0_bit));
+	mask &= ((((W[47]^(W[50]>>25))&(1<<4))-(1<<4)) | ~(DV_I_47_0_bit|DV_I_49_0_bit|DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_II_45_0_bit|DV_II_51_0_bit|DV_II_56_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[47]^W[48])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_44_0_bit|DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit|DV_II_49_0_bit|DV_II_53_0_bit|DV_II_54_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[46]>>4)^(W[49]>>29))&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_46_0_bit|DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_I_50_0_bit|DV_I_52_0_bit|DV_II_50_0_bit|DV_II_55_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[46]^W[47])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_43_0_bit|DV_I_50_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit|DV_II_52_0_bit|DV_II_53_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[45]>>4)^(W[48]>>29))&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_I_47_0_bit|DV_I_49_0_bit|DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_II_49_0_bit|DV_II_54_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[45]^W[46])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_49_0_bit|DV_I_52_0_bit|DV_II_46_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit|DV_II_51_0_bit|DV_II_52_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[44]>>4)^(W[47]>>29))&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_44_0_bit|DV_I_46_0_bit|DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_I_50_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit|DV_II_53_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[43]>>4)^(W[46]>>29))&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_43_0_bit|DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_I_47_0_bit|DV_I_49_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit|DV_II_52_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[43]^W[44])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_47_0_bit|DV_I_50_0_bit|DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_II_45_0_bit|DV_II_49_0_bit|DV_II_50_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[42]>>4)^(W[45]>>29))&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_44_0_bit|DV_I_46_0_bit|DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_I_52_0_bit|DV_II_46_0_bit|DV_II_51_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[41]>>4)^(W[44]>>29))&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_43_0_bit|DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_I_47_0_bit|DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_II_45_0_bit|DV_II_50_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[40]^W[41])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_44_0_bit|DV_I_47_0_bit|DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_II_46_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit|DV_II_56_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[54]^W[55])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit|DV_II_50_0_bit|DV_II_55_0_bit|DV_II_56_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[53]^W[54])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_50_0_bit|DV_II_46_0_bit|DV_II_49_0_bit|DV_II_54_0_bit|DV_II_55_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[52]^W[53])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_49_0_bit|DV_II_45_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit|DV_II_53_0_bit|DV_II_54_0_bit));
+	mask &= ((((W[50]^(W[53]>>25))&(1<<4))-(1<<4)) | ~(DV_I_50_0_bit|DV_I_52_0_bit|DV_II_46_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit|DV_II_54_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[50]^W[51])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_47_0_bit|DV_II_46_0_bit|DV_II_51_0_bit|DV_II_52_0_bit|DV_II_56_0_bit));
+	mask &= ((((W[49]^(W[52]>>25))&(1<<4))-(1<<4)) | ~(DV_I_49_0_bit|DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_II_45_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit|DV_II_53_0_bit));
+	mask &= ((((W[48]^(W[51]>>25))&(1<<4))-(1<<4)) | ~(DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_I_50_0_bit|DV_I_52_0_bit|DV_II_46_0_bit|DV_II_52_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[42]^W[43])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_46_0_bit|DV_I_49_0_bit|DV_I_50_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit|DV_II_49_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[41]^W[42])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_I_49_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[40]>>4)^(W[43]>>29))&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_44_0_bit|DV_I_46_0_bit|DV_I_50_0_bit|DV_II_49_0_bit|DV_II_56_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[39]>>4)^(W[42]>>29))&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_43_0_bit|DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_I_49_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit|DV_II_55_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_44_0_bit|DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit|DV_II_54_0_bit|DV_II_56_0_bit))
+		mask &= (((((W[38]>>4)^(W[41]>>29))&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_44_0_bit|DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit|DV_II_54_0_bit|DV_II_56_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[37]>>4)^(W[40]>>29))&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_43_0_bit|DV_I_47_0_bit|DV_II_46_0_bit|DV_II_53_0_bit|DV_II_55_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_52_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit|DV_II_51_0_bit|DV_II_56_0_bit))
+		mask &= (((((W[55]^W[56])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_52_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit|DV_II_51_0_bit|DV_II_56_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_52_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit|DV_II_50_0_bit|DV_II_56_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((((W[52]^(W[55]>>25))&(1<<4))-(1<<4)) | ~(DV_I_52_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit|DV_II_50_0_bit|DV_II_56_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit|DV_II_49_0_bit|DV_II_55_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((((W[51]^(W[54]>>25))&(1<<4))-(1<<4)) | ~(DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit|DV_II_49_0_bit|DV_II_55_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit|DV_II_52_0_bit|DV_II_53_0_bit))
+		mask &= (((((W[51]^W[52])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit|DV_II_52_0_bit|DV_II_53_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_46_0_bit|DV_I_49_0_bit|DV_II_45_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit))
+		mask &= (((((W[36]>>4)^(W[40]>>29))&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_46_0_bit|DV_I_49_0_bit|DV_II_45_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_52_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit|DV_II_49_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-(((W[53]^W[56])>>29)&1)) | ~(DV_I_52_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit|DV_II_49_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_50_0_bit|DV_II_46_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-(((W[51]^W[54])>>29)&1)) | ~(DV_I_50_0_bit|DV_II_46_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_49_0_bit|DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_II_45_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-(((W[50]^W[52])>>29)&1)) | ~(DV_I_49_0_bit|DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_II_45_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_I_50_0_bit|DV_I_52_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-(((W[49]^W[51])>>29)&1)) | ~(DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_I_50_0_bit|DV_I_52_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_47_0_bit|DV_I_49_0_bit|DV_I_51_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-(((W[48]^W[50])>>29)&1)) | ~(DV_I_47_0_bit|DV_I_49_0_bit|DV_I_51_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_46_0_bit|DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_I_50_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-(((W[47]^W[49])>>29)&1)) | ~(DV_I_46_0_bit|DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_I_50_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_I_47_0_bit|DV_I_49_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-(((W[46]^W[48])>>29)&1)) | ~(DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_I_47_0_bit|DV_I_49_0_bit));
+	mask &= ((((W[45]^W[47])&(1<<6))-(1<<6)) | ~(DV_I_47_2_bit|DV_I_49_2_bit|DV_I_51_2_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_44_0_bit|DV_I_46_0_bit|DV_I_48_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-(((W[45]^W[47])>>29)&1)) | ~(DV_I_44_0_bit|DV_I_46_0_bit|DV_I_48_0_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[44]^W[46])>>6)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_46_2_bit|DV_I_48_2_bit|DV_I_50_2_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_43_0_bit|DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_I_47_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-(((W[44]^W[46])>>29)&1)) | ~(DV_I_43_0_bit|DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_I_47_0_bit));
+	mask &= ((0-((W[41]^(W[42]>>5))&(1<<1))) | ~(DV_I_48_2_bit|DV_II_46_2_bit|DV_II_51_2_bit));
+	mask &= ((0-((W[40]^(W[41]>>5))&(1<<1))) | ~(DV_I_47_2_bit|DV_I_51_2_bit|DV_II_50_2_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_44_0_bit|DV_I_46_0_bit|DV_II_56_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-(((W[40]^W[42])>>4)&1)) | ~(DV_I_44_0_bit|DV_I_46_0_bit|DV_II_56_0_bit));
+	mask &= ((0-((W[39]^(W[40]>>5))&(1<<1))) | ~(DV_I_46_2_bit|DV_I_50_2_bit|DV_II_49_2_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_43_0_bit|DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_II_55_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-(((W[39]^W[41])>>4)&1)) | ~(DV_I_43_0_bit|DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_II_55_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_44_0_bit|DV_II_54_0_bit|DV_II_56_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-(((W[38]^W[40])>>4)&1)) | ~(DV_I_44_0_bit|DV_II_54_0_bit|DV_II_56_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_43_0_bit|DV_II_53_0_bit|DV_II_55_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-(((W[37]^W[39])>>4)&1)) | ~(DV_I_43_0_bit|DV_II_53_0_bit|DV_II_55_0_bit));
+	mask &= ((0-((W[36]^(W[37]>>5))&(1<<1))) | ~(DV_I_47_2_bit|DV_I_50_2_bit|DV_II_46_2_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit))
+		mask &= (((((W[35]>>4)^(W[39]>>29))&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-((W[63]^(W[64]>>5))&(1<<0))) | ~(DV_I_48_0_bit|DV_II_48_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_II_45_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-((W[63]^(W[64]>>5))&(1<<1))) | ~(DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_II_45_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_47_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-((W[62]^(W[63]>>5))&(1<<0))) | ~(DV_I_47_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_46_0_bit|DV_II_46_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-((W[61]^(W[62]>>5))&(1<<0))) | ~(DV_I_46_0_bit|DV_II_46_0_bit));
+	mask &= ((0-((W[61]^(W[62]>>5))&(1<<2))) | ~(DV_I_46_2_bit|DV_II_46_2_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_II_45_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-((W[60]^(W[61]>>5))&(1<<0))) | ~(DV_I_45_0_bit|DV_II_45_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_II_51_0_bit|DV_II_54_0_bit))
+		mask &= (((((W[58]^W[59])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_II_51_0_bit|DV_II_54_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_II_50_0_bit|DV_II_53_0_bit))
+		mask &= (((((W[57]^W[58])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_II_50_0_bit|DV_II_53_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_II_52_0_bit|DV_II_54_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((((W[56]^(W[59]>>25))&(1<<4))-(1<<4)) | ~(DV_II_52_0_bit|DV_II_54_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_II_51_0_bit|DV_II_52_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-(((W[56]^W[59])>>29)&1)) | ~(DV_II_51_0_bit|DV_II_52_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_II_49_0_bit|DV_II_52_0_bit))
+		mask &= (((((W[56]^W[57])>>29)&1)-1) | ~(DV_II_49_0_bit|DV_II_52_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_II_51_0_bit|DV_II_53_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((((W[55]^(W[58]>>25))&(1<<4))-(1<<4)) | ~(DV_II_51_0_bit|DV_II_53_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_II_50_0_bit|DV_II_52_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((((W[54]^(W[57]>>25))&(1<<4))-(1<<4)) | ~(DV_II_50_0_bit|DV_II_52_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_II_49_0_bit|DV_II_51_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((((W[53]^(W[56]>>25))&(1<<4))-(1<<4)) | ~(DV_II_49_0_bit|DV_II_51_0_bit));
+	mask &= ((((W[51]^(W[50]>>5))&(1<<1))-(1<<1)) | ~(DV_I_50_2_bit|DV_II_46_2_bit));
+	mask &= ((((W[48]^W[50])&(1<<6))-(1<<6)) | ~(DV_I_50_2_bit|DV_II_46_2_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_I_52_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-(((W[48]^W[55])>>29)&1)) | ~(DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_I_52_0_bit));
+	mask &= ((((W[47]^W[49])&(1<<6))-(1<<6)) | ~(DV_I_49_2_bit|DV_I_51_2_bit));
+	mask &= ((((W[48]^(W[47]>>5))&(1<<1))-(1<<1)) | ~(DV_I_47_2_bit|DV_II_51_2_bit));
+	mask &= ((((W[46]^W[48])&(1<<6))-(1<<6)) | ~(DV_I_48_2_bit|DV_I_50_2_bit));
+	mask &= ((((W[47]^(W[46]>>5))&(1<<1))-(1<<1)) | ~(DV_I_46_2_bit|DV_II_50_2_bit));
+	mask &= ((0-((W[44]^(W[45]>>5))&(1<<1))) | ~(DV_I_51_2_bit|DV_II_49_2_bit));
+	mask &= ((((W[43]^W[45])&(1<<6))-(1<<6)) | ~(DV_I_47_2_bit|DV_I_49_2_bit));
+	mask &= (((((W[42]^W[44])>>6)&1)-1) | ~(DV_I_46_2_bit|DV_I_48_2_bit));
+	mask &= ((((W[43]^(W[42]>>5))&(1<<1))-(1<<1)) | ~(DV_II_46_2_bit|DV_II_51_2_bit));
+	mask &= ((((W[42]^(W[41]>>5))&(1<<1))-(1<<1)) | ~(DV_I_51_2_bit|DV_II_50_2_bit));
+	mask &= ((((W[41]^(W[40]>>5))&(1<<1))-(1<<1)) | ~(DV_I_50_2_bit|DV_II_49_2_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_52_0_bit|DV_II_51_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((((W[39]^(W[43]>>25))&(1<<4))-(1<<4)) | ~(DV_I_52_0_bit|DV_II_51_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_II_50_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((((W[38]^(W[42]>>25))&(1<<4))-(1<<4)) | ~(DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_II_50_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_48_2_bit|DV_I_51_2_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-((W[37]^(W[38]>>5))&(1<<1))) | ~(DV_I_48_2_bit|DV_I_51_2_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_50_0_bit|DV_II_49_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((((W[37]^(W[41]>>25))&(1<<4))-(1<<4)) | ~(DV_I_50_0_bit|DV_II_49_0_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_II_52_0_bit|DV_II_54_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((0-((W[36]^W[38])&(1<<4))) | ~(DV_II_52_0_bit|DV_II_54_0_bit));
+	mask &= ((0-((W[35]^(W[36]>>5))&(1<<1))) | ~(DV_I_46_2_bit|DV_I_49_2_bit));
+	if (mask & (DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit))
+		mask &= ((((W[35]^(W[39]>>25))&(1<<3))-(1<<3)) | ~(DV_I_51_0_bit|DV_II_47_0_bit));
+if (mask) {
+
+	if (mask & DV_I_43_0_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !((W[61]^(W[62]>>5)) & (1<<1))
+			 || !(!((W[59]^(W[63]>>25)) & (1<<5)))
+			 || !((W[58]^(W[63]>>30)) & (1<<0))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_I_43_0_bit;
+	if (mask & DV_I_44_0_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !((W[62]^(W[63]>>5)) & (1<<1))
+			 || !(!((W[60]^(W[64]>>25)) & (1<<5)))
+			 || !((W[59]^(W[64]>>30)) & (1<<0))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_I_44_0_bit;
+	if (mask & DV_I_46_2_bit)
+		mask &= ((~((W[40]^W[42])>>2)) | ~DV_I_46_2_bit);
+	if (mask & DV_I_47_2_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !((W[62]^(W[63]>>5)) & (1<<2))
+			 || !(!((W[41]^W[43]) & (1<<6)))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_I_47_2_bit;
+	if (mask & DV_I_48_2_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !((W[63]^(W[64]>>5)) & (1<<2))
+			 || !(!((W[48]^(W[49]<<5)) & (1<<6)))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_I_48_2_bit;
+	if (mask & DV_I_49_2_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !(!((W[49]^(W[50]<<5)) & (1<<6)))
+			 || !((W[42]^W[50]) & (1<<1))
+			 || !(!((W[39]^(W[40]<<5)) & (1<<6)))
+			 || !((W[38]^W[40]) & (1<<1))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_I_49_2_bit;
+	if (mask & DV_I_50_0_bit)
+		mask &= ((((W[36]^W[37])<<7)) | ~DV_I_50_0_bit);
+	if (mask & DV_I_50_2_bit)
+		mask &= ((((W[43]^W[51])<<11)) | ~DV_I_50_2_bit);
+	if (mask & DV_I_51_0_bit)
+		mask &= ((((W[37]^W[38])<<9)) | ~DV_I_51_0_bit);
+	if (mask & DV_I_51_2_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !(!((W[51]^(W[52]<<5)) & (1<<6)))
+			 || !(!((W[49]^W[51]) & (1<<6)))
+			 || !(!((W[37]^(W[37]>>5)) & (1<<1)))
+			 || !(!((W[35]^(W[39]>>25)) & (1<<5)))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_I_51_2_bit;
+	if (mask & DV_I_52_0_bit)
+		mask &= ((((W[38]^W[39])<<11)) | ~DV_I_52_0_bit);
+	if (mask & DV_II_46_2_bit)
+		mask &= ((((W[47]^W[51])<<17)) | ~DV_II_46_2_bit);
+	if (mask & DV_II_48_0_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !(!((W[36]^(W[40]>>25)) & (1<<3)))
+			 || !((W[35]^(W[40]<<2)) & (1<<30))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_II_48_0_bit;
+	if (mask & DV_II_49_0_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !(!((W[37]^(W[41]>>25)) & (1<<3)))
+			 || !((W[36]^(W[41]<<2)) & (1<<30))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_II_49_0_bit;
+	if (mask & DV_II_49_2_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !(!((W[53]^(W[54]<<5)) & (1<<6)))
+			 || !(!((W[51]^W[53]) & (1<<6)))
+			 || !((W[50]^W[54]) & (1<<1))
+			 || !(!((W[45]^(W[46]<<5)) & (1<<6)))
+			 || !(!((W[37]^(W[41]>>25)) & (1<<5)))
+			 || !((W[36]^(W[41]>>30)) & (1<<0))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_II_49_2_bit;
+	if (mask & DV_II_50_0_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !((W[55]^W[58]) & (1<<29))
+			 || !(!((W[38]^(W[42]>>25)) & (1<<3)))
+			 || !((W[37]^(W[42]<<2)) & (1<<30))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_II_50_0_bit;
+	if (mask & DV_II_50_2_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !(!((W[54]^(W[55]<<5)) & (1<<6)))
+			 || !(!((W[52]^W[54]) & (1<<6)))
+			 || !((W[51]^W[55]) & (1<<1))
+			 || !((W[45]^W[47]) & (1<<1))
+			 || !(!((W[38]^(W[42]>>25)) & (1<<5)))
+			 || !((W[37]^(W[42]>>30)) & (1<<0))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_II_50_2_bit;
+	if (mask & DV_II_51_0_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !(!((W[39]^(W[43]>>25)) & (1<<3)))
+			 || !((W[38]^(W[43]<<2)) & (1<<30))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_II_51_0_bit;
+	if (mask & DV_II_51_2_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !(!((W[55]^(W[56]<<5)) & (1<<6)))
+			 || !(!((W[53]^W[55]) & (1<<6)))
+			 || !((W[52]^W[56]) & (1<<1))
+			 || !((W[46]^W[48]) & (1<<1))
+			 || !(!((W[39]^(W[43]>>25)) & (1<<5)))
+			 || !((W[38]^(W[43]>>30)) & (1<<0))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_II_51_2_bit;
+	if (mask & DV_II_52_0_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !(!((W[59]^W[60]) & (1<<29)))
+			 || !(!((W[40]^(W[44]>>25)) & (1<<3)))
+			 || !(!((W[40]^(W[44]>>25)) & (1<<4)))
+			 || !((W[39]^(W[44]<<2)) & (1<<30))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_II_52_0_bit;
+	if (mask & DV_II_53_0_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !((W[58]^W[61]) & (1<<29))
+			 || !(!((W[57]^(W[61]>>25)) & (1<<4)))
+			 || !(!((W[41]^(W[45]>>25)) & (1<<3)))
+			 || !(!((W[41]^(W[45]>>25)) & (1<<4)))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_II_53_0_bit;
+	if (mask & DV_II_54_0_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !(!((W[58]^(W[62]>>25)) & (1<<4)))
+			 || !(!((W[42]^(W[46]>>25)) & (1<<3)))
+			 || !(!((W[42]^(W[46]>>25)) & (1<<4)))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_II_54_0_bit;
+	if (mask & DV_II_55_0_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !(!((W[59]^(W[63]>>25)) & (1<<4)))
+			 || !(!((W[57]^(W[59]>>25)) & (1<<4)))
+			 || !(!((W[43]^(W[47]>>25)) & (1<<3)))
+			 || !(!((W[43]^(W[47]>>25)) & (1<<4)))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_II_55_0_bit;
+	if (mask & DV_II_56_0_bit)
+		 if (
+			    !(!((W[60]^(W[64]>>25)) & (1<<4)))
+			 || !(!((W[44]^(W[48]>>25)) & (1<<3)))
+			 || !(!((W[44]^(W[48]>>25)) & (1<<4)))
+		 )  mask &= ~DV_II_56_0_bit;
+}
+
+	dvmask[0]=mask;
+}
+
+#ifdef SHA1DC_CUSTOM_TRAILING_INCLUDE_UBC_CHECK_C
+#include SHA1DC_CUSTOM_TRAILING_INCLUDE_UBC_CHECK_C
+#endif
diff --git a/sha1dc/ubc_check.h b/sha1dc/ubc_check.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d7e17dc734
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sha1dc/ubc_check.h
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/***
+* Copyright 2017 Marc Stevens <marc@marc-stevens.nl>, Dan Shumow <danshu@microsoft.com>
+* Distributed under the MIT Software License.
+* See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+* https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
+***/
+
+/*
+// this file was generated by the 'parse_bitrel' program in the tools section
+// using the data files from directory 'tools/data/3565'
+//
+// sha1_dvs contains a list of SHA-1 Disturbance Vectors (DV) to check
+// dvType, dvK and dvB define the DV: I(K,B) or II(K,B) (see the paper)
+// dm[80] is the expanded message block XOR-difference defined by the DV
+// testt is the step to do the recompression from for collision detection
+// maski and maskb define the bit to check for each DV in the dvmask returned by ubc_check
+//
+// ubc_check takes as input an expanded message block and verifies the unavoidable bitconditions for all listed DVs
+// it returns a dvmask where each bit belonging to a DV is set if all unavoidable bitconditions for that DV have been met
+// thus one needs to do the recompression check for each DV that has its bit set
+*/
+
+#ifndef SHA1DC_UBC_CHECK_H
+#define SHA1DC_UBC_CHECK_H
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SHA1DC_NO_STANDARD_INCLUDES
+#include <stdint.h>
+#endif
+
+#define DVMASKSIZE 1
+typedef struct { int dvType; int dvK; int dvB; int testt; int maski; int maskb; uint32_t dm[80]; } dv_info_t;
+extern dv_info_t sha1_dvs[];
+void ubc_check(const uint32_t W[80], uint32_t dvmask[DVMASKSIZE]);
+
+#define DOSTORESTATE58
+#define DOSTORESTATE65
+
+#define CHECK_DVMASK(_DVMASK) (0 != _DVMASK[0])
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SHA1DC_CUSTOM_TRAILING_INCLUDE_UBC_CHECK_H
+#include SHA1DC_CUSTOM_TRAILING_INCLUDE_UBC_CHECK_H
+#endif
+
+#endif
diff --git a/sha1dc_git.c b/sha1dc_git.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e0cc9d988c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sha1dc_git.c
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+
+#ifdef DC_SHA1_EXTERNAL
+/*
+ * Same as SHA1DCInit, but with default save_hash=0
+ */
+void git_SHA1DCInit(SHA1_CTX *ctx)
+{
+	SHA1DCInit(ctx);
+	SHA1DCSetSafeHash(ctx, 0);
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Same as SHA1DCFinal, but convert collision attack case into a verbose die().
+ */
+void git_SHA1DCFinal(unsigned char hash[20], SHA1_CTX *ctx)
+{
+	if (!SHA1DCFinal(hash, ctx))
+		return;
+	die("SHA-1 appears to be part of a collision attack: %s",
+	    sha1_to_hex(hash));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Same as SHA1DCUpdate, but adjust types to match git's usual interface.
+ */
+void git_SHA1DCUpdate(SHA1_CTX *ctx, const void *vdata, unsigned long len)
+{
+	const char *data = vdata;
+	/* We expect an unsigned long, but sha1dc only takes an int */
+	while (len > INT_MAX) {
+		SHA1DCUpdate(ctx, data, INT_MAX);
+		data += INT_MAX;
+		len -= INT_MAX;
+	}
+	SHA1DCUpdate(ctx, data, len);
+}
diff --git a/sha1dc_git.h b/sha1dc_git.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..41e1c3fd3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sha1dc_git.h
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/* Plumbing with collition-detecting SHA1 code */
+
+#ifdef DC_SHA1_EXTERNAL
+#include <sha1dc/sha1.h>
+#elif defined(DC_SHA1_SUBMODULE)
+#include "sha1collisiondetection/lib/sha1.h"
+#else
+#include "sha1dc/sha1.h"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DC_SHA1_EXTERNAL
+void git_SHA1DCInit(SHA1_CTX *);
+#else
+#define git_SHA1DCInit	SHA1DCInit
+#endif
+
+void git_SHA1DCFinal(unsigned char [20], SHA1_CTX *);
+void git_SHA1DCUpdate(SHA1_CTX *ctx, const void *data, unsigned long len);
+
+#define platform_SHA_CTX SHA1_CTX
+#define platform_SHA1_Init git_SHA1DCInit
+#define platform_SHA1_Update git_SHA1DCUpdate
+#define platform_SHA1_Final git_SHA1DCFinal
diff --git a/shallow.c b/shallow.c
index d8bf40ad4b..dbe8a2a290 100644
--- a/shallow.c
+++ b/shallow.c
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "tempfile.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
@@ -9,69 +12,73 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "commit-slab.h"
-#include "sigchain.h"
-
-static int is_shallow = -1;
-static struct stat_validity shallow_stat;
-static char *alternate_shallow_file;
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "list-objects.h"
+#include "commit-slab.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 
-void set_alternate_shallow_file(const char *path, int override)
+void set_alternate_shallow_file(struct repository *r, const char *path, int override)
 {
-	if (is_shallow != -1)
-		die("BUG: is_repository_shallow must not be called before set_alternate_shallow_file");
-	if (alternate_shallow_file && !override)
+	if (r->parsed_objects->is_shallow != -1)
+		BUG("is_repository_shallow must not be called before set_alternate_shallow_file");
+	if (r->parsed_objects->alternate_shallow_file && !override)
 		return;
-	free(alternate_shallow_file);
-	alternate_shallow_file = xstrdup_or_null(path);
+	free(r->parsed_objects->alternate_shallow_file);
+	r->parsed_objects->alternate_shallow_file = xstrdup_or_null(path);
 }
 
-int register_shallow(const unsigned char *sha1)
+int register_shallow(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct commit_graft *graft =
 		xmalloc(sizeof(struct commit_graft));
-	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit(sha1);
+	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit(the_repository, oid);
 
-	hashcpy(graft->sha1, sha1);
+	oidcpy(&graft->oid, oid);
 	graft->nr_parent = -1;
 	if (commit && commit->object.parsed)
 		commit->parents = NULL;
-	return register_commit_graft(graft, 0);
+	return register_commit_graft(r, graft, 0);
 }
 
-int is_repository_shallow(void)
+int is_repository_shallow(struct repository *r)
 {
 	FILE *fp;
 	char buf[1024];
-	const char *path = alternate_shallow_file;
+	const char *path = r->parsed_objects->alternate_shallow_file;
 
-	if (is_shallow >= 0)
-		return is_shallow;
+	if (r->parsed_objects->is_shallow >= 0)
+		return r->parsed_objects->is_shallow;
 
 	if (!path)
-		path = git_path("shallow");
+		path = git_path_shallow(r);
 	/*
 	 * fetch-pack sets '--shallow-file ""' as an indicator that no
 	 * shallow file should be used. We could just open it and it
 	 * will likely fail. But let's do an explicit check instead.
 	 */
 	if (!*path || (fp = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL) {
-		stat_validity_clear(&shallow_stat);
-		is_shallow = 0;
-		return is_shallow;
+		stat_validity_clear(r->parsed_objects->shallow_stat);
+		r->parsed_objects->is_shallow = 0;
+		return r->parsed_objects->is_shallow;
 	}
-	stat_validity_update(&shallow_stat, fileno(fp));
-	is_shallow = 1;
+	stat_validity_update(r->parsed_objects->shallow_stat, fileno(fp));
+	r->parsed_objects->is_shallow = 1;
 
 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp)) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		if (get_sha1_hex(buf, sha1))
+		struct object_id oid;
+		if (get_oid_hex(buf, &oid))
 			die("bad shallow line: %s", buf);
-		register_shallow(sha1);
+		register_shallow(r, &oid);
 	}
 	fclose(fp);
-	return is_shallow;
+	return r->parsed_objects->is_shallow;
 }
 
+/*
+ * TODO: use "int" elemtype instead of "int *" when/if commit-slab
+ * supports a "valid" flag.
+ */
+define_commit_slab(commit_depth, int *);
 struct commit_list *get_shallow_commits(struct object_array *heads, int depth,
 		int shallow_flag, int not_shallow_flag)
 {
@@ -80,32 +87,38 @@ struct commit_list *get_shallow_commits(struct object_array *heads, int depth,
 	struct object_array stack = OBJECT_ARRAY_INIT;
 	struct commit *commit = NULL;
 	struct commit_graft *graft;
+	struct commit_depth depths;
 
+	init_commit_depth(&depths);
 	while (commit || i < heads->nr || stack.nr) {
 		struct commit_list *p;
 		if (!commit) {
 			if (i < heads->nr) {
+				int **depth_slot;
 				commit = (struct commit *)
-					deref_tag(heads->objects[i++].item, NULL, 0);
+					deref_tag(the_repository,
+						  heads->objects[i++].item,
+						  NULL, 0);
 				if (!commit || commit->object.type != OBJ_COMMIT) {
 					commit = NULL;
 					continue;
 				}
-				if (!commit->util)
-					commit->util = xmalloc(sizeof(int));
-				*(int *)commit->util = 0;
+				depth_slot = commit_depth_at(&depths, commit);
+				if (!*depth_slot)
+					*depth_slot = xmalloc(sizeof(int));
+				**depth_slot = 0;
 				cur_depth = 0;
 			} else {
 				commit = (struct commit *)
-					stack.objects[--stack.nr].item;
-				cur_depth = *(int *)commit->util;
+					object_array_pop(&stack);
+				cur_depth = **commit_depth_at(&depths, commit);
 			}
 		}
 		parse_commit_or_die(commit);
 		cur_depth++;
 		if ((depth != INFINITE_DEPTH && cur_depth >= depth) ||
-		    (is_repository_shallow() && !commit->parents &&
-		     (graft = lookup_commit_graft(commit->object.sha1)) != NULL &&
+		    (is_repository_shallow(the_repository) && !commit->parents &&
+		     (graft = lookup_commit_graft(the_repository, &commit->object.oid)) != NULL &&
 		     graft->nr_parent < 0)) {
 			commit_list_insert(commit, &result);
 			commit->object.flags |= shallow_flag;
@@ -114,35 +127,120 @@ struct commit_list *get_shallow_commits(struct object_array *heads, int depth,
 		}
 		commit->object.flags |= not_shallow_flag;
 		for (p = commit->parents, commit = NULL; p; p = p->next) {
-			if (!p->item->util) {
-				int *pointer = xmalloc(sizeof(int));
-				p->item->util = pointer;
-				*pointer =  cur_depth;
+			int **depth_slot = commit_depth_at(&depths, p->item);
+			if (!*depth_slot) {
+				*depth_slot = xmalloc(sizeof(int));
+				**depth_slot = cur_depth;
 			} else {
-				int *pointer = p->item->util;
-				if (cur_depth >= *pointer)
+				if (cur_depth >= **depth_slot)
 					continue;
-				*pointer = cur_depth;
+				**depth_slot = cur_depth;
 			}
 			if (p->next)
 				add_object_array(&p->item->object,
 						NULL, &stack);
 			else {
 				commit = p->item;
-				cur_depth = *(int *)commit->util;
+				cur_depth = **commit_depth_at(&depths, commit);
 			}
 		}
 	}
+	for (i = 0; i < depths.slab_count; i++) {
+		int j;
+
+		for (j = 0; j < depths.slab_size; j++)
+			free(depths.slab[i][j]);
+	}
+	clear_commit_depth(&depths);
 
 	return result;
 }
 
-static void check_shallow_file_for_update(void)
+static void show_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 {
-	if (is_shallow == -1)
-		die("BUG: shallow must be initialized by now");
+	commit_list_insert(commit, data);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Given rev-list arguments, run rev-list. All reachable commits
+ * except border ones are marked with not_shallow_flag. Border commits
+ * are marked with shallow_flag. The list of border/shallow commits
+ * are also returned.
+ */
+struct commit_list *get_shallow_commits_by_rev_list(int ac, const char **av,
+						    int shallow_flag,
+						    int not_shallow_flag)
+{
+	struct commit_list *result = NULL, *p;
+	struct commit_list *not_shallow_list = NULL;
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	int both_flags = shallow_flag | not_shallow_flag;
+
+	/*
+	 * SHALLOW (excluded) and NOT_SHALLOW (included) should not be
+	 * set at this point. But better be safe than sorry.
+	 */
+	clear_object_flags(both_flags);
+
+	is_repository_shallow(the_repository); /* make sure shallows are read */
+
+	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
+	save_commit_buffer = 0;
+	setup_revisions(ac, av, &revs, NULL);
+
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
+	traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, NULL, &not_shallow_list);
+
+	if (!not_shallow_list)
+		die("no commits selected for shallow requests");
+
+	/* Mark all reachable commits as NOT_SHALLOW */
+	for (p = not_shallow_list; p; p = p->next)
+		p->item->object.flags |= not_shallow_flag;
+
+	/*
+	 * mark border commits SHALLOW + NOT_SHALLOW.
+	 * We cannot clear NOT_SHALLOW right now. Imagine border
+	 * commit A is processed first, then commit B, whose parent is
+	 * A, later. If NOT_SHALLOW on A is cleared at step 1, B
+	 * itself is considered border at step 2, which is incorrect.
+	 */
+	for (p = not_shallow_list; p; p = p->next) {
+		struct commit *c = p->item;
+		struct commit_list *parent;
 
-	if (!stat_validity_check(&shallow_stat, git_path("shallow")))
+		if (parse_commit(c))
+			die("unable to parse commit %s",
+			    oid_to_hex(&c->object.oid));
+
+		for (parent = c->parents; parent; parent = parent->next)
+			if (!(parent->item->object.flags & not_shallow_flag)) {
+				c->object.flags |= shallow_flag;
+				commit_list_insert(c, &result);
+				break;
+			}
+	}
+	free_commit_list(not_shallow_list);
+
+	/*
+	 * Now we can clean up NOT_SHALLOW on border commits. Having
+	 * both flags set can confuse the caller.
+	 */
+	for (p = result; p; p = p->next) {
+		struct object *o = &p->item->object;
+		if ((o->flags & both_flags) == both_flags)
+			o->flags &= ~not_shallow_flag;
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+static void check_shallow_file_for_update(struct repository *r)
+{
+	if (r->parsed_objects->is_shallow == -1)
+		BUG("shallow must be initialized by now");
+
+	if (!stat_validity_check(r->parsed_objects->shallow_stat, git_path_shallow(the_repository)))
 		die("shallow file has changed since we read it");
 }
 
@@ -159,15 +257,15 @@ struct write_shallow_data {
 static int write_one_shallow(const struct commit_graft *graft, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct write_shallow_data *data = cb_data;
-	const char *hex = sha1_to_hex(graft->sha1);
+	const char *hex = oid_to_hex(&graft->oid);
 	if (graft->nr_parent != -1)
 		return 0;
 	if (data->flags & SEEN_ONLY) {
-		struct commit *c = lookup_commit(graft->sha1);
+		struct commit *c = lookup_commit(the_repository, &graft->oid);
 		if (!c || !(c->object.flags & SEEN)) {
 			if (data->flags & VERBOSE)
 				printf("Removing %s from .git/shallow\n",
-				       sha1_to_hex(c->object.sha1));
+				       oid_to_hex(&c->object.oid));
 			return 0;
 		}
 	}
@@ -182,7 +280,7 @@ static int write_one_shallow(const struct commit_graft *graft, void *cb_data)
 }
 
 static int write_shallow_commits_1(struct strbuf *out, int use_pack_protocol,
-				   const struct sha1_array *extra,
+				   const struct oid_array *extra,
 				   unsigned flags)
 {
 	struct write_shallow_data data;
@@ -195,7 +293,7 @@ static int write_shallow_commits_1(struct strbuf *out, int use_pack_protocol,
 	if (!extra)
 		return data.count;
 	for (i = 0; i < extra->nr; i++) {
-		strbuf_addstr(out, sha1_to_hex(extra->sha1[i]));
+		strbuf_addstr(out, oid_to_hex(extra->oid + i));
 		strbuf_addch(out, '\n');
 		data.count++;
 	}
@@ -203,72 +301,49 @@ static int write_shallow_commits_1(struct strbuf *out, int use_pack_protocol,
 }
 
 int write_shallow_commits(struct strbuf *out, int use_pack_protocol,
-			  const struct sha1_array *extra)
+			  const struct oid_array *extra)
 {
 	return write_shallow_commits_1(out, use_pack_protocol, extra, 0);
 }
 
-static struct strbuf temporary_shallow = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-static void remove_temporary_shallow(void)
-{
-	if (temporary_shallow.len) {
-		unlink_or_warn(temporary_shallow.buf);
-		strbuf_reset(&temporary_shallow);
-	}
-}
-
-static void remove_temporary_shallow_on_signal(int signo)
-{
-	remove_temporary_shallow();
-	sigchain_pop(signo);
-	raise(signo);
-}
-
-const char *setup_temporary_shallow(const struct sha1_array *extra)
+const char *setup_temporary_shallow(const struct oid_array *extra)
 {
+	struct tempfile *temp;
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int fd;
-
-	if (temporary_shallow.len)
-		die("BUG: attempt to create two temporary shallow files");
 
 	if (write_shallow_commits(&sb, 0, extra)) {
-		strbuf_addstr(&temporary_shallow, git_path("shallow_XXXXXX"));
-		fd = xmkstemp(temporary_shallow.buf);
-
-		atexit(remove_temporary_shallow);
-		sigchain_push_common(remove_temporary_shallow_on_signal);
+		temp = xmks_tempfile(git_path("shallow_XXXXXX"));
 
-		if (write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len) != sb.len)
+		if (write_in_full(temp->fd, sb.buf, sb.len) < 0 ||
+		    close_tempfile_gently(temp) < 0)
 			die_errno("failed to write to %s",
-				  temporary_shallow.buf);
-		close(fd);
+				  get_tempfile_path(temp));
 		strbuf_release(&sb);
-		return temporary_shallow.buf;
+		return get_tempfile_path(temp);
 	}
 	/*
 	 * is_repository_shallow() sees empty string as "no shallow
 	 * file".
 	 */
-	return temporary_shallow.buf;
+	return "";
 }
 
 void setup_alternate_shallow(struct lock_file *shallow_lock,
 			     const char **alternate_shallow_file,
-			     const struct sha1_array *extra)
+			     const struct oid_array *extra)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int fd;
 
-	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(shallow_lock, git_path("shallow"),
+	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(shallow_lock,
+				       git_path_shallow(the_repository),
 				       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
-	check_shallow_file_for_update();
+	check_shallow_file_for_update(the_repository);
 	if (write_shallow_commits(&sb, 0, extra)) {
-		if (write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len) != sb.len)
+		if (write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len) < 0)
 			die_errno("failed to write to %s",
-				  shallow_lock->filename.buf);
-		*alternate_shallow_file = shallow_lock->filename.buf;
+				  get_lock_file_path(shallow_lock));
+		*alternate_shallow_file = get_lock_file_path(shallow_lock);
 	} else
 		/*
 		 * is_repository_shallow() sees empty string as "no
@@ -282,13 +357,13 @@ static int advertise_shallow_grafts_cb(const struct commit_graft *graft, void *c
 {
 	int fd = *(int *)cb;
 	if (graft->nr_parent == -1)
-		packet_write(fd, "shallow %s\n", sha1_to_hex(graft->sha1));
+		packet_write_fmt(fd, "shallow %s\n", oid_to_hex(&graft->oid));
 	return 0;
 }
 
 void advertise_shallow_grafts(int fd)
 {
-	if (!is_repository_shallow())
+	if (!is_repository_shallow(the_repository))
 		return;
 	for_each_commit_graft(advertise_shallow_grafts_cb, &fd);
 }
@@ -299,7 +374,7 @@ void advertise_shallow_grafts(int fd)
  */
 void prune_shallow(int show_only)
 {
-	static struct lock_file shallow_lock;
+	struct lock_file shallow_lock = LOCK_INIT;
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int fd;
 
@@ -308,16 +383,17 @@ void prune_shallow(int show_only)
 		strbuf_release(&sb);
 		return;
 	}
-	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&shallow_lock, git_path("shallow"),
+	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&shallow_lock,
+				       git_path_shallow(the_repository),
 				       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
-	check_shallow_file_for_update();
+	check_shallow_file_for_update(the_repository);
 	if (write_shallow_commits_1(&sb, 0, NULL, SEEN_ONLY)) {
-		if (write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len) != sb.len)
+		if (write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len) < 0)
 			die_errno("failed to write to %s",
-				  shallow_lock.filename.buf);
+				  get_lock_file_path(&shallow_lock));
 		commit_lock_file(&shallow_lock);
 	} else {
-		unlink(git_path("shallow"));
+		unlink(git_path_shallow(the_repository));
 		rollback_lock_file(&shallow_lock);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
@@ -329,7 +405,7 @@ struct trace_key trace_shallow = TRACE_KEY_INIT(SHALLOW);
  * Step 1, split sender shallow commits into "ours" and "theirs"
  * Step 2, clean "ours" based on .git/shallow
  */
-void prepare_shallow_info(struct shallow_info *info, struct sha1_array *sa)
+void prepare_shallow_info(struct shallow_info *info, struct oid_array *sa)
 {
 	int i;
 	trace_printf_key(&trace_shallow, "shallow: prepare_shallow_info\n");
@@ -337,12 +413,13 @@ void prepare_shallow_info(struct shallow_info *info, struct sha1_array *sa)
 	info->shallow = sa;
 	if (!sa)
 		return;
-	info->ours = xmalloc(sizeof(*info->ours) * sa->nr);
-	info->theirs = xmalloc(sizeof(*info->theirs) * sa->nr);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(info->ours, sa->nr);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(info->theirs, sa->nr);
 	for (i = 0; i < sa->nr; i++) {
-		if (has_sha1_file(sa->sha1[i])) {
+		if (has_object_file(sa->oid + i)) {
 			struct commit_graft *graft;
-			graft = lookup_commit_graft(sa->sha1[i]);
+			graft = lookup_commit_graft(the_repository,
+						    &sa->oid[i]);
 			if (graft && graft->nr_parent < 0)
 				continue;
 			info->ours[info->nr_ours++] = i;
@@ -361,13 +438,13 @@ void clear_shallow_info(struct shallow_info *info)
 
 void remove_nonexistent_theirs_shallow(struct shallow_info *info)
 {
-	unsigned char (*sha1)[20] = info->shallow->sha1;
+	struct object_id *oid = info->shallow->oid;
 	int i, dst;
 	trace_printf_key(&trace_shallow, "shallow: remove_nonexistent_theirs_shallow\n");
 	for (i = dst = 0; i < info->nr_theirs; i++) {
 		if (i != dst)
 			info->theirs[dst] = info->theirs[i];
-		if (has_sha1_file(sha1[info->theirs[i]]))
+		if (has_object_file(oid + info->theirs[i]))
 			dst++;
 	}
 	info->nr_theirs = dst;
@@ -375,25 +452,30 @@ void remove_nonexistent_theirs_shallow(struct shallow_info *info)
 
 define_commit_slab(ref_bitmap, uint32_t *);
 
+#define POOL_SIZE (512 * 1024)
+
 struct paint_info {
 	struct ref_bitmap ref_bitmap;
 	unsigned nr_bits;
-	char **slab;
+	char **pools;
 	char *free, *end;
-	unsigned slab_count;
+	unsigned pool_count;
 };
 
 static uint32_t *paint_alloc(struct paint_info *info)
 {
-	unsigned nr = (info->nr_bits + 31) / 32;
+	unsigned nr = DIV_ROUND_UP(info->nr_bits, 32);
 	unsigned size = nr * sizeof(uint32_t);
 	void *p;
-	if (!info->slab_count || info->free + size > info->end) {
-		info->slab_count++;
-		REALLOC_ARRAY(info->slab, info->slab_count);
-		info->free = xmalloc(COMMIT_SLAB_SIZE);
-		info->slab[info->slab_count - 1] = info->free;
-		info->end = info->free + COMMIT_SLAB_SIZE;
+	if (!info->pool_count || size > info->end - info->free) {
+		if (size > POOL_SIZE)
+			BUG("pool size too small for %d in paint_alloc()",
+			    size);
+		info->pool_count++;
+		REALLOC_ARRAY(info->pools, info->pool_count);
+		info->free = xmalloc(POOL_SIZE);
+		info->pools[info->pool_count - 1] = info->free;
+		info->end = info->free + POOL_SIZE;
 	}
 	p = info->free;
 	info->free += size;
@@ -405,30 +487,31 @@ static uint32_t *paint_alloc(struct paint_info *info)
  * UNINTERESTING or BOTTOM is hit. Set the id-th bit in ref_bitmap for
  * all walked commits.
  */
-static void paint_down(struct paint_info *info, const unsigned char *sha1,
-		       int id)
+static void paint_down(struct paint_info *info, const struct object_id *oid,
+		       unsigned int id)
 {
 	unsigned int i, nr;
 	struct commit_list *head = NULL;
-	int bitmap_nr = (info->nr_bits + 31) / 32;
-	int bitmap_size = bitmap_nr * sizeof(uint32_t);
-	uint32_t *tmp = xmalloc(bitmap_size); /* to be freed before return */
-	uint32_t *bitmap = paint_alloc(info);
-	struct commit *c = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+	int bitmap_nr = DIV_ROUND_UP(info->nr_bits, 32);
+	size_t bitmap_size = st_mult(sizeof(uint32_t), bitmap_nr);
+	struct commit *c = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, oid,
+							  1);
+	uint32_t *tmp; /* to be freed before return */
+	uint32_t *bitmap;
+
 	if (!c)
 		return;
+
+	tmp = xmalloc(bitmap_size);
+	bitmap = paint_alloc(info);
 	memset(bitmap, 0, bitmap_size);
-	bitmap[id / 32] |= (1 << (id % 32));
+	bitmap[id / 32] |= (1U << (id % 32));
 	commit_list_insert(c, &head);
 	while (head) {
 		struct commit_list *p;
-		struct commit *c = head->item;
+		struct commit *c = pop_commit(&head);
 		uint32_t **refs = ref_bitmap_at(&info->ref_bitmap, c);
 
-		p = head;
-		head = head->next;
-		free(p);
-
 		/* XXX check "UNINTERESTING" from pack bitmaps if available */
 		if (c->object.flags & (SEEN | UNINTERESTING))
 			continue;
@@ -452,15 +535,11 @@ static void paint_down(struct paint_info *info, const unsigned char *sha1,
 
 		if (parse_commit(c))
 			die("unable to parse commit %s",
-			    sha1_to_hex(c->object.sha1));
+			    oid_to_hex(&c->object.oid));
 
 		for (p = c->parents; p; p = p->next) {
-			uint32_t **p_refs = ref_bitmap_at(&info->ref_bitmap,
-							  p->item);
 			if (p->item->object.flags & SEEN)
 				continue;
-			if (*p_refs == NULL || *p_refs == *refs)
-				*p_refs = *refs;
 			commit_list_insert(p->item, &head);
 		}
 	}
@@ -475,11 +554,11 @@ static void paint_down(struct paint_info *info, const unsigned char *sha1,
 	free(tmp);
 }
 
-static int mark_uninteresting(const char *refname,
-			      const unsigned char *sha1,
+static int mark_uninteresting(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
 			      int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
-	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository,
+							       oid, 1);
 	if (!commit)
 		return 0;
 	commit->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
@@ -507,14 +586,14 @@ static void post_assign_shallow(struct shallow_info *info,
 void assign_shallow_commits_to_refs(struct shallow_info *info,
 				    uint32_t **used, int *ref_status)
 {
-	unsigned char (*sha1)[20] = info->shallow->sha1;
-	struct sha1_array *ref = info->ref;
+	struct object_id *oid = info->shallow->oid;
+	struct oid_array *ref = info->ref;
 	unsigned int i, nr;
 	int *shallow, nr_shallow = 0;
 	struct paint_info pi;
 
 	trace_printf_key(&trace_shallow, "shallow: assign_shallow_commits_to_refs\n");
-	shallow = xmalloc(sizeof(*shallow) * (info->nr_ours + info->nr_theirs));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(shallow, info->nr_ours + info->nr_theirs);
 	for (i = 0; i < info->nr_ours; i++)
 		shallow[nr_shallow++] = info->ours[i];
 	for (i = 0; i < info->nr_theirs; i++)
@@ -547,18 +626,20 @@ void assign_shallow_commits_to_refs(struct shallow_info *info,
 
 	/* Mark potential bottoms so we won't go out of bound */
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_shallow; i++) {
-		struct commit *c = lookup_commit(sha1[shallow[i]]);
+		struct commit *c = lookup_commit(the_repository,
+						 &oid[shallow[i]]);
 		c->object.flags |= BOTTOM;
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ref->nr; i++)
-		paint_down(&pi, ref->sha1[i], i);
+		paint_down(&pi, ref->oid + i, i);
 
 	if (used) {
-		int bitmap_size = ((pi.nr_bits + 31) / 32) * sizeof(uint32_t);
+		int bitmap_size = DIV_ROUND_UP(pi.nr_bits, 32) * sizeof(uint32_t);
 		memset(used, 0, sizeof(*used) * info->shallow->nr);
 		for (i = 0; i < nr_shallow; i++) {
-			const struct commit *c = lookup_commit(sha1[shallow[i]]);
+			const struct commit *c = lookup_commit(the_repository,
+							       &oid[shallow[i]]);
 			uint32_t **map = ref_bitmap_at(&pi.ref_bitmap, c);
 			if (*map)
 				used[shallow[i]] = xmemdupz(*map, bitmap_size);
@@ -573,9 +654,9 @@ void assign_shallow_commits_to_refs(struct shallow_info *info,
 		post_assign_shallow(info, &pi.ref_bitmap, ref_status);
 
 	clear_ref_bitmap(&pi.ref_bitmap);
-	for (i = 0; i < pi.slab_count; i++)
-		free(pi.slab[i]);
-	free(pi.slab);
+	for (i = 0; i < pi.pool_count; i++)
+		free(pi.pools[i]);
+	free(pi.pools);
 	free(shallow);
 }
 
@@ -584,12 +665,13 @@ struct commit_array {
 	int nr, alloc;
 };
 
-static int add_ref(const char *refname,
-		   const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
+static int add_ref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+		   int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct commit_array *ca = cb_data;
 	ALLOC_GROW(ca->commits, ca->nr + 1, ca->alloc);
-	ca->commits[ca->nr] = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+	ca->commits[ca->nr] = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository,
+							     oid, 1);
 	if (ca->commits[ca->nr])
 		ca->nr++;
 	return 0;
@@ -597,11 +679,11 @@ static int add_ref(const char *refname,
 
 static void update_refstatus(int *ref_status, int nr, uint32_t *bitmap)
 {
-	int i;
+	unsigned int i;
 	if (!ref_status)
 		return;
 	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++)
-		if (bitmap[i / 32] & (1 << (i % 32)))
+		if (bitmap[i / 32] & (1U << (i % 32)))
 			ref_status[i]++;
 }
 
@@ -612,11 +694,11 @@ static void post_assign_shallow(struct shallow_info *info,
 				struct ref_bitmap *ref_bitmap,
 				int *ref_status)
 {
-	unsigned char (*sha1)[20] = info->shallow->sha1;
+	struct object_id *oid = info->shallow->oid;
 	struct commit *c;
 	uint32_t **bitmap;
 	int dst, i, j;
-	int bitmap_nr = (info->ref->nr + 31) / 32;
+	int bitmap_nr = DIV_ROUND_UP(info->ref->nr, 32);
 	struct commit_array ca;
 
 	trace_printf_key(&trace_shallow, "shallow: post_assign_shallow\n");
@@ -627,7 +709,7 @@ static void post_assign_shallow(struct shallow_info *info,
 	for (i = dst = 0; i < info->nr_theirs; i++) {
 		if (i != dst)
 			info->theirs[dst] = info->theirs[i];
-		c = lookup_commit(sha1[info->theirs[i]]);
+		c = lookup_commit(the_repository, &oid[info->theirs[i]]);
 		bitmap = ref_bitmap_at(ref_bitmap, c);
 		if (!*bitmap)
 			continue;
@@ -648,7 +730,7 @@ static void post_assign_shallow(struct shallow_info *info,
 	for (i = dst = 0; i < info->nr_ours; i++) {
 		if (i != dst)
 			info->ours[dst] = info->ours[i];
-		c = lookup_commit(sha1[info->ours[i]]);
+		c = lookup_commit(the_repository, &oid[info->ours[i]]);
 		bitmap = ref_bitmap_at(ref_bitmap, c);
 		if (!*bitmap)
 			continue;
@@ -670,10 +752,12 @@ static void post_assign_shallow(struct shallow_info *info,
 int delayed_reachability_test(struct shallow_info *si, int c)
 {
 	if (si->need_reachability_test[c]) {
-		struct commit *commit = lookup_commit(si->shallow->sha1[c]);
+		struct commit *commit = lookup_commit(the_repository,
+						      &si->shallow->oid[c]);
 
 		if (!si->commits) {
 			struct commit_array ca;
+
 			memset(&ca, 0, sizeof(ca));
 			head_ref(add_ref, &ca);
 			for_each_ref(add_ref, &ca);
diff --git a/shell.c b/shell.c
index ace62e4b65..40084a3013 100644
--- a/shell.c
+++ b/shell.c
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "quote.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "alias.h"
 
 #define COMMAND_DIR "git-shell-commands"
 #define HELP_COMMAND COMMAND_DIR "/help"
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ static int do_generic_cmd(const char *me, char *arg)
 	const char *my_argv[4];
 
 	setup_path();
-	if (!arg || !(arg = sq_dequote(arg)))
+	if (!arg || !(arg = sq_dequote(arg)) || *arg == '-')
 		die("bad argument");
 	if (!starts_with(me, "git-"))
 		die("bad command");
@@ -25,19 +26,6 @@ static int do_generic_cmd(const char *me, char *arg)
 	return execv_git_cmd(my_argv);
 }
 
-static int do_cvs_cmd(const char *me, char *arg)
-{
-	const char *cvsserver_argv[3] = {
-		"cvsserver", "server", NULL
-	};
-
-	if (!arg || strcmp(arg, "server"))
-		die("git-cvsserver only handles server: %s", arg);
-
-	setup_path();
-	return execv_git_cmd(cvsserver_argv);
-}
-
 static int is_valid_cmd_name(const char *cmd)
 {
 	/* Test command contains no . or / characters */
@@ -88,7 +76,7 @@ static void run_shell(void)
 		int count;
 
 		fprintf(stderr, "git> ");
-		if (strbuf_getline(&line, stdin, '\n') == EOF) {
+		if (strbuf_getline_lf(&line, stdin) == EOF) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 			strbuf_release(&line);
 			break;
@@ -134,28 +122,16 @@ static struct commands {
 	{ "git-receive-pack", do_generic_cmd },
 	{ "git-upload-pack", do_generic_cmd },
 	{ "git-upload-archive", do_generic_cmd },
-	{ "cvs", do_cvs_cmd },
 	{ NULL },
 };
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	char *prog;
 	const char **user_argv;
 	struct commands *cmd;
 	int count;
 
-	git_setup_gettext();
-
-	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
-
-	/*
-	 * Always open file descriptors 0/1/2 to avoid clobbering files
-	 * in die().  It also avoids messing up when the pipes are dup'ed
-	 * onto stdin/stdout/stderr in the child processes we spawn.
-	 */
-	sanitize_stdfds();
-
 	/*
 	 * Special hack to pretend to be a CVS server
 	 */
diff --git a/shortlog.h b/shortlog.h
index de4f86fb97..2fa61c4294 100644
--- a/shortlog.h
+++ b/shortlog.h
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 
 #include "string-list.h"
 
+struct commit;
+
 struct shortlog {
 	struct string_list list;
 	int summary;
@@ -13,10 +15,12 @@ struct shortlog {
 	int in2;
 	int user_format;
 	int abbrev;
+	int committer;
 
 	char *common_repo_prefix;
 	int email;
 	struct string_list mailmap;
+	FILE *file;
 };
 
 void shortlog_init(struct shortlog *log);
diff --git a/sideband.c b/sideband.c
index 7f9dc229fb..368647acf8 100644
--- a/sideband.c
+++ b/sideband.c
@@ -1,6 +1,113 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "color.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "sideband.h"
+#include "help.h"
+
+struct keyword_entry {
+	/*
+	 * We use keyword as config key so it should be a single alphanumeric word.
+	 */
+	const char *keyword;
+	char color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
+};
+
+static struct keyword_entry keywords[] = {
+	{ "hint",	GIT_COLOR_YELLOW },
+	{ "warning",	GIT_COLOR_BOLD_YELLOW },
+	{ "success",	GIT_COLOR_BOLD_GREEN },
+	{ "error",	GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED },
+};
+
+/* Returns a color setting (GIT_COLOR_NEVER, etc). */
+static int use_sideband_colors(void)
+{
+	static int use_sideband_colors_cached = -1;
+
+	const char *key = "color.remote";
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *value;
+	int i;
+
+	if (use_sideband_colors_cached >= 0)
+		return use_sideband_colors_cached;
+
+	if (!git_config_get_string(key, &value)) {
+		use_sideband_colors_cached = git_config_colorbool(key, value);
+	} else if (!git_config_get_string("color.ui", &value)) {
+		use_sideband_colors_cached = git_config_colorbool("color.ui", value);
+	} else {
+		use_sideband_colors_cached = GIT_COLOR_AUTO;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(keywords); i++) {
+		strbuf_reset(&sb);
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s.%s", key, keywords[i].keyword);
+		if (git_config_get_string(sb.buf, &value))
+			continue;
+		if (color_parse(value, keywords[i].color))
+			continue;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return use_sideband_colors_cached;
+}
+
+void list_config_color_sideband_slots(struct string_list *list, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(keywords); i++)
+		list_config_item(list, prefix, keywords[i].keyword);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Optionally highlight one keyword in remote output if it appears at the start
+ * of the line. This should be called for a single line only, which is
+ * passed as the first N characters of the SRC array.
+ *
+ * NEEDSWORK: use "size_t n" instead for clarity.
+ */
+static void maybe_colorize_sideband(struct strbuf *dest, const char *src, int n)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!want_color_stderr(use_sideband_colors())) {
+		strbuf_add(dest, src, n);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	while (0 < n && isspace(*src)) {
+		strbuf_addch(dest, *src);
+		src++;
+		n--;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(keywords); i++) {
+		struct keyword_entry *p = keywords + i;
+		int len = strlen(p->keyword);
+
+		if (n <= len)
+			continue;
+		/*
+		 * Match case insensitively, so we colorize output from existing
+		 * servers regardless of the case that they use for their
+		 * messages. We only highlight the word precisely, so
+		 * "successful" stays uncolored.
+		 */
+		if (!strncasecmp(p->keyword, src, len) && !isalnum(src[len])) {
+			strbuf_addstr(dest, p->color);
+			strbuf_add(dest, src, len);
+			strbuf_addstr(dest, GIT_COLOR_RESET);
+			n -= len;
+			src += len;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_add(dest, src, n);
+}
+
 
 /*
  * Receive multiplexed output stream over git native protocol.
@@ -13,120 +120,106 @@
  * the remote died unexpectedly.  A flush() concludes the stream.
  */
 
-#define PREFIX "remote:"
+#define DISPLAY_PREFIX "remote: "
 
 #define ANSI_SUFFIX "\033[K"
 #define DUMB_SUFFIX "        "
 
-#define FIX_SIZE 10  /* large enough for any of the above */
-
 int recv_sideband(const char *me, int in_stream, int out)
 {
-	unsigned pf = strlen(PREFIX);
-	unsigned sf;
-	char buf[LARGE_PACKET_MAX + 2*FIX_SIZE];
-	char *suffix, *term;
-	int skip_pf = 0;
-
-	memcpy(buf, PREFIX, pf);
-	term = getenv("TERM");
-	if (isatty(2) && term && strcmp(term, "dumb"))
+	const char *suffix;
+	char buf[LARGE_PACKET_MAX + 1];
+	struct strbuf outbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int retval = 0;
+
+	if (isatty(2) && !is_terminal_dumb())
 		suffix = ANSI_SUFFIX;
 	else
 		suffix = DUMB_SUFFIX;
-	sf = strlen(suffix);
 
-	while (1) {
+	while (!retval) {
+		const char *b, *brk;
 		int band, len;
-		len = packet_read(in_stream, NULL, NULL, buf + pf, LARGE_PACKET_MAX, 0);
+		len = packet_read(in_stream, NULL, NULL, buf, LARGE_PACKET_MAX, 0);
 		if (len == 0)
 			break;
 		if (len < 1) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "%s: protocol error: no band designator\n", me);
-			return SIDEBAND_PROTOCOL_ERROR;
+			strbuf_addf(&outbuf,
+				    "%s%s: protocol error: no band designator",
+				    outbuf.len ? "\n" : "", me);
+			retval = SIDEBAND_PROTOCOL_ERROR;
+			break;
 		}
-		band = buf[pf] & 0xff;
+		band = buf[0] & 0xff;
+		buf[len] = '\0';
 		len--;
 		switch (band) {
 		case 3:
-			buf[pf] = ' ';
-			buf[pf+1+len] = '\0';
-			fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", buf);
-			return SIDEBAND_REMOTE_ERROR;
+			strbuf_addf(&outbuf, "%s%s", outbuf.len ? "\n" : "",
+				    DISPLAY_PREFIX);
+			maybe_colorize_sideband(&outbuf, buf + 1, len);
+
+			retval = SIDEBAND_REMOTE_ERROR;
+			break;
 		case 2:
-			buf[pf] = ' ';
-			do {
-				char *b = buf;
-				int brk = 0;
-
-				/*
-				 * If the last buffer didn't end with a line
-				 * break then we should not print a prefix
-				 * this time around.
-				 */
-				if (skip_pf) {
-					b += pf+1;
-				} else {
-					len += pf+1;
-					brk += pf+1;
-				}
+			b = buf + 1;
 
-				/* Look for a line break. */
-				for (;;) {
-					brk++;
-					if (brk > len) {
-						brk = 0;
-						break;
-					}
-					if (b[brk-1] == '\n' ||
-					    b[brk-1] == '\r')
-						break;
-				}
+			/*
+			 * Append a suffix to each nonempty line to clear the
+			 * end of the screen line.
+			 *
+			 * The output is accumulated in a buffer and
+			 * each line is printed to stderr using
+			 * write(2) to ensure inter-process atomicity.
+			 */
+			while ((brk = strpbrk(b, "\n\r"))) {
+				int linelen = brk - b;
 
-				/*
-				 * Let's insert a suffix to clear the end
-				 * of the screen line if a line break was
-				 * found.  Also, if we don't skip the
-				 * prefix, then a non-empty string must be
-				 * present too.
-				 */
-				if (brk > (skip_pf ? 0 : (pf+1 + 1))) {
-					char save[FIX_SIZE];
-					memcpy(save, b + brk, sf);
-					b[brk + sf - 1] = b[brk - 1];
-					memcpy(b + brk - 1, suffix, sf);
-					fprintf(stderr, "%.*s", brk + sf, b);
-					memcpy(b + brk, save, sf);
-					len -= brk;
-				} else {
-					int l = brk ? brk : len;
-					fprintf(stderr, "%.*s", l, b);
-					len -= l;
+				if (!outbuf.len)
+					strbuf_addstr(&outbuf, DISPLAY_PREFIX);
+				if (linelen > 0) {
+					maybe_colorize_sideband(&outbuf, b, linelen);
+					strbuf_addstr(&outbuf, suffix);
 				}
 
-				skip_pf = !brk;
-				memmove(buf + pf+1, b + brk, len);
-			} while (len);
-			continue;
+				strbuf_addch(&outbuf, *brk);
+				xwrite(2, outbuf.buf, outbuf.len);
+				strbuf_reset(&outbuf);
+
+				b = brk + 1;
+			}
+
+			if (*b) {
+				strbuf_addstr(&outbuf, outbuf.len ?
+					    "" : DISPLAY_PREFIX);
+				maybe_colorize_sideband(&outbuf, b, strlen(b));
+			}
+			break;
 		case 1:
-			write_or_die(out, buf + pf+1, len);
-			continue;
+			write_or_die(out, buf + 1, len);
+			break;
 		default:
-			fprintf(stderr, "%s: protocol error: bad band #%d\n",
-				me, band);
-			return SIDEBAND_PROTOCOL_ERROR;
+			strbuf_addf(&outbuf, "%s%s: protocol error: bad band #%d",
+				    outbuf.len ? "\n" : "", me, band);
+			retval = SIDEBAND_PROTOCOL_ERROR;
+			break;
 		}
 	}
-	return 0;
+
+	if (outbuf.len) {
+		strbuf_addch(&outbuf, '\n');
+		xwrite(2, outbuf.buf, outbuf.len);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&outbuf);
+	return retval;
 }
 
 /*
  * fd is connected to the remote side; send the sideband data
  * over multiplexed packet stream.
  */
-ssize_t send_sideband(int fd, int band, const char *data, ssize_t sz, int packet_max)
+void send_sideband(int fd, int band, const char *data, ssize_t sz, int packet_max)
 {
-	ssize_t ssz = sz;
 	const char *p = data;
 
 	while (sz) {
@@ -137,16 +230,15 @@ ssize_t send_sideband(int fd, int band, const char *data, ssize_t sz, int packet
 		if (packet_max - 5 < n)
 			n = packet_max - 5;
 		if (0 <= band) {
-			sprintf(hdr, "%04x", n + 5);
+			xsnprintf(hdr, sizeof(hdr), "%04x", n + 5);
 			hdr[4] = band;
 			write_or_die(fd, hdr, 5);
 		} else {
-			sprintf(hdr, "%04x", n + 4);
+			xsnprintf(hdr, sizeof(hdr), "%04x", n + 4);
 			write_or_die(fd, hdr, 4);
 		}
 		write_or_die(fd, p, n);
 		p += n;
 		sz -= n;
 	}
-	return ssz;
 }
diff --git a/sideband.h b/sideband.h
index e46bed0b01..7a8146f161 100644
--- a/sideband.h
+++ b/sideband.h
@@ -5,6 +5,6 @@
 #define SIDEBAND_REMOTE_ERROR -1
 
 int recv_sideband(const char *me, int in_stream, int out);
-ssize_t send_sideband(int fd, int band, const char *data, ssize_t sz, int packet_max);
+void send_sideband(int fd, int band, const char *data, ssize_t sz, int packet_max);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/sigchain.c b/sigchain.c
index faa375d5d8..022677b6ab 100644
--- a/sigchain.c
+++ b/sigchain.c
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ static struct sigchain_signal signals[SIGCHAIN_MAX_SIGNALS];
 static void check_signum(int sig)
 {
 	if (sig < 1 || sig >= SIGCHAIN_MAX_SIGNALS)
-		die("BUG: signal out of range: %d", sig);
+		BUG("signal out of range: %d", sig);
 }
 
 int sigchain_push(int sig, sigchain_fun f)
@@ -50,3 +50,12 @@ void sigchain_push_common(sigchain_fun f)
 	sigchain_push(SIGQUIT, f);
 	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, f);
 }
+
+void sigchain_pop_common(void)
+{
+	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
+	sigchain_pop(SIGQUIT);
+	sigchain_pop(SIGTERM);
+	sigchain_pop(SIGHUP);
+	sigchain_pop(SIGINT);
+}
diff --git a/sigchain.h b/sigchain.h
index 618083bce0..138b20f54b 100644
--- a/sigchain.h
+++ b/sigchain.h
@@ -7,5 +7,6 @@ int sigchain_push(int sig, sigchain_fun f);
 int sigchain_pop(int sig);
 
 void sigchain_push_common(sigchain_fun f);
+void sigchain_pop_common(void);
 
 #endif /* SIGCHAIN_H */
diff --git a/split-index.c b/split-index.c
index 21485e2066..84f067e10d 100644
--- a/split-index.c
+++ b/split-index.c
@@ -18,12 +18,12 @@ int read_link_extension(struct index_state *istate,
 	struct split_index *si;
 	int ret;
 
-	if (sz < 20)
+	if (sz < the_hash_algo->rawsz)
 		return error("corrupt link extension (too short)");
 	si = init_split_index(istate);
-	hashcpy(si->base_sha1, data);
-	data += 20;
-	sz -= 20;
+	hashcpy(si->base_oid.hash, data);
+	data += the_hash_algo->rawsz;
+	sz -= the_hash_algo->rawsz;
 	if (!sz)
 		return 0;
 	si->delete_bitmap = ewah_new();
@@ -41,22 +41,15 @@ int read_link_extension(struct index_state *istate,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int write_strbuf(void *user_data, const void *data, size_t len)
-{
-	struct strbuf *sb = user_data;
-	strbuf_add(sb, data, len);
-	return len;
-}
-
 int write_link_extension(struct strbuf *sb,
 			 struct index_state *istate)
 {
 	struct split_index *si = istate->split_index;
-	strbuf_add(sb, si->base_sha1, 20);
+	strbuf_add(sb, si->base_oid.hash, the_hash_algo->rawsz);
 	if (!si->delete_bitmap && !si->replace_bitmap)
 		return 0;
-	ewah_serialize_to(si->delete_bitmap, write_strbuf, sb);
-	ewah_serialize_to(si->replace_bitmap, write_strbuf, sb);
+	ewah_serialize_strbuf(si->delete_bitmap, sb);
+	ewah_serialize_strbuf(si->replace_bitmap, sb);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -67,7 +60,7 @@ static void mark_base_index_entries(struct index_state *base)
 	 * To keep track of the shared entries between
 	 * istate->base->cache[] and istate->cache[], base entry
 	 * position is stored in each base entry. All positions start
-	 * from 1 instead of 0, which is resrved to say "this is a new
+	 * from 1 instead of 0, which is reserved to say "this is a new
 	 * entry".
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < base->cache_nr; i++)
@@ -80,18 +73,32 @@ void move_cache_to_base_index(struct index_state *istate)
 	int i;
 
 	/*
-	 * do not delete old si->base, its index entries may be shared
-	 * with istate->cache[]. Accept a bit of leaking here because
-	 * this code is only used by short-lived update-index.
+	 * If there was a previous base index, then transfer ownership of allocated
+	 * entries to the parent index.
 	 */
+	if (si->base &&
+		si->base->ce_mem_pool) {
+
+		if (!istate->ce_mem_pool)
+			mem_pool_init(&istate->ce_mem_pool, 0);
+
+		mem_pool_combine(istate->ce_mem_pool, istate->split_index->base->ce_mem_pool);
+	}
+
 	si->base = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*si->base));
 	si->base->version = istate->version;
 	/* zero timestamp disables racy test in ce_write_index() */
 	si->base->timestamp = istate->timestamp;
 	ALLOC_GROW(si->base->cache, istate->cache_nr, si->base->cache_alloc);
 	si->base->cache_nr = istate->cache_nr;
-	memcpy(si->base->cache, istate->cache,
-	       sizeof(*istate->cache) * istate->cache_nr);
+
+	/*
+	 * The mem_pool needs to move with the allocated entries.
+	 */
+	si->base->ce_mem_pool = istate->ce_mem_pool;
+	istate->ce_mem_pool = NULL;
+
+	COPY_ARRAY(si->base->cache, istate->cache, istate->cache_nr);
 	mark_base_index_entries(si->base);
 	for (i = 0; i < si->base->cache_nr; i++)
 		si->base->cache[i]->ce_flags &= ~CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
@@ -131,7 +138,7 @@ static void replace_entry(size_t pos, void *data)
 	src->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
 	src->ce_namelen = dst->ce_namelen;
 	copy_cache_entry(dst, src);
-	free(src);
+	discard_cache_entry(src);
 	si->nr_replacements++;
 }
 
@@ -148,8 +155,7 @@ void merge_base_index(struct index_state *istate)
 	istate->cache	    = NULL;
 	istate->cache_alloc = 0;
 	ALLOC_GROW(istate->cache, istate->cache_nr, istate->cache_alloc);
-	memcpy(istate->cache, si->base->cache,
-	       sizeof(*istate->cache) * istate->cache_nr);
+	COPY_ARRAY(istate->cache, si->base->cache, istate->cache_nr);
 
 	si->nr_deletions = 0;
 	si->nr_replacements = 0;
@@ -176,10 +182,9 @@ void merge_base_index(struct index_state *istate)
 
 	ewah_free(si->delete_bitmap);
 	ewah_free(si->replace_bitmap);
-	free(si->saved_cache);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(si->saved_cache);
 	si->delete_bitmap  = NULL;
 	si->replace_bitmap = NULL;
-	si->saved_cache	   = NULL;
 	si->saved_cache_nr = 0;
 }
 
@@ -196,7 +201,7 @@ void prepare_to_write_split_index(struct index_state *istate)
 		/* Go through istate->cache[] and mark CE_MATCHED to
 		 * entry with positive index. We'll go through
 		 * base->cache[] later to delete all entries in base
-		 * that are not marked eith either CE_MATCHED or
+		 * that are not marked with either CE_MATCHED or
 		 * CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE. If istate->cache[i] is a
 		 * duplicate, deduplicate it.
 		 */
@@ -234,7 +239,7 @@ void prepare_to_write_split_index(struct index_state *istate)
 			base->ce_flags = base_flags;
 			if (ret)
 				ce->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
-			free(base);
+			discard_cache_entry(base);
 			si->base->cache[ce->index - 1] = ce;
 		}
 		for (i = 0; i < si->base->cache_nr; i++) {
@@ -248,6 +253,8 @@ void prepare_to_write_split_index(struct index_state *istate)
 				ALLOC_GROW(entries, nr_entries+1, nr_alloc);
 				entries[nr_entries++] = ce;
 			}
+			if (is_null_oid(&ce->oid))
+				istate->drop_cache_tree = 1;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -309,20 +316,61 @@ void save_or_free_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce
 	    ce == istate->split_index->base->cache[ce->index - 1])
 		ce->ce_flags |= CE_REMOVE;
 	else
-		free(ce);
+		discard_cache_entry(ce);
 }
 
 void replace_index_entry_in_base(struct index_state *istate,
-				 struct cache_entry *old,
-				 struct cache_entry *new)
+				 struct cache_entry *old_entry,
+				 struct cache_entry *new_entry)
 {
-	if (old->index &&
+	if (old_entry->index &&
 	    istate->split_index &&
 	    istate->split_index->base &&
-	    old->index <= istate->split_index->base->cache_nr) {
-		new->index = old->index;
-		if (old != istate->split_index->base->cache[new->index - 1])
-			free(istate->split_index->base->cache[new->index - 1]);
-		istate->split_index->base->cache[new->index - 1] = new;
+	    old_entry->index <= istate->split_index->base->cache_nr) {
+		new_entry->index = old_entry->index;
+		if (old_entry != istate->split_index->base->cache[new_entry->index - 1])
+			discard_cache_entry(istate->split_index->base->cache[new_entry->index - 1]);
+		istate->split_index->base->cache[new_entry->index - 1] = new_entry;
+	}
+}
+
+void add_split_index(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	if (!istate->split_index) {
+		init_split_index(istate);
+		istate->cache_changed |= SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED;
+	}
+}
+
+void remove_split_index(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	if (istate->split_index) {
+		/*
+		 * When removing the split index, we need to move
+		 * ownership of the mem_pool associated with the
+		 * base index to the main index. There may be cache entries
+		 * allocated from the base's memory pool that are shared with
+		 * the_index.cache[].
+		 */
+		mem_pool_combine(istate->ce_mem_pool, istate->split_index->base->ce_mem_pool);
+
+		/*
+		 * The split index no longer owns the mem_pool backing
+		 * its cache array. As we are discarding this index,
+		 * mark the index as having no cache entries, so it
+		 * will not attempt to clean up the cache entries or
+		 * validate them.
+		 */
+		if (istate->split_index->base)
+			istate->split_index->base->cache_nr = 0;
+
+		/*
+		 * We can discard the split index because its
+		 * memory pool has been incorporated into the
+		 * memory pool associated with the the_index.
+		 */
+		discard_split_index(istate);
+
+		istate->cache_changed |= SOMETHING_CHANGED;
 	}
 }
diff --git a/split-index.h b/split-index.h
index c1324f521a..7a435ca2c9 100644
--- a/split-index.h
+++ b/split-index.h
@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 #ifndef SPLIT_INDEX_H
 #define SPLIT_INDEX_H
 
+#include "cache.h"
+
 struct index_state;
 struct strbuf;
 struct ewah_bitmap;
 
 struct split_index {
-	unsigned char base_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id base_oid;
 	struct index_state *base;
 	struct ewah_bitmap *delete_bitmap;
 	struct ewah_bitmap *replace_bitmap;
@@ -21,7 +23,7 @@ struct split_index *init_split_index(struct index_state *istate);
 void save_or_free_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce);
 void replace_index_entry_in_base(struct index_state *istate,
 				 struct cache_entry *old,
-				 struct cache_entry *new);
+				 struct cache_entry *new_entry);
 int read_link_extension(struct index_state *istate,
 			const void *data, unsigned long sz);
 int write_link_extension(struct strbuf *sb,
@@ -31,5 +33,7 @@ void merge_base_index(struct index_state *istate);
 void prepare_to_write_split_index(struct index_state *istate);
 void finish_writing_split_index(struct index_state *istate);
 void discard_split_index(struct index_state *istate);
+void add_split_index(struct index_state *istate);
+void remove_split_index(struct index_state *istate);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/strbuf.c b/strbuf.c
index 88cafd4a70..64041c3c24 100644
--- a/strbuf.c
+++ b/strbuf.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
 
 int starts_with(const char *str, const char *prefix)
@@ -11,6 +12,37 @@ int starts_with(const char *str, const char *prefix)
 			return 0;
 }
 
+int istarts_with(const char *str, const char *prefix)
+{
+	for (; ; str++, prefix++)
+		if (!*prefix)
+			return 1;
+		else if (tolower(*str) != tolower(*prefix))
+			return 0;
+}
+
+int skip_to_optional_arg_default(const char *str, const char *prefix,
+				 const char **arg, const char *def)
+{
+	const char *p;
+
+	if (!skip_prefix(str, prefix, &p))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!*p) {
+		if (arg)
+			*arg = def;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (*p != '=')
+		return 0;
+
+	if (arg)
+		*arg = p + 1;
+	return 1;
+}
+
 /*
  * Used as the default ->buf value, so that people can always assume
  * buf is non NULL and ->buf is NUL terminated even for a freshly
@@ -73,6 +105,7 @@ void strbuf_trim(struct strbuf *sb)
 	strbuf_rtrim(sb);
 	strbuf_ltrim(sb);
 }
+
 void strbuf_rtrim(struct strbuf *sb)
 {
 	while (sb->len > 0 && isspace((unsigned char)sb->buf[sb->len - 1]))
@@ -80,6 +113,13 @@ void strbuf_rtrim(struct strbuf *sb)
 	sb->buf[sb->len] = '\0';
 }
 
+void strbuf_trim_trailing_dir_sep(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	while (sb->len > 0 && is_dir_sep((unsigned char)sb->buf[sb->len - 1]))
+		sb->len--;
+	sb->buf[sb->len] = '\0';
+}
+
 void strbuf_ltrim(struct strbuf *sb)
 {
 	char *b = sb->buf;
@@ -94,7 +134,7 @@ void strbuf_ltrim(struct strbuf *sb)
 int strbuf_reencode(struct strbuf *sb, const char *from, const char *to)
 {
 	char *out;
-	int len;
+	size_t len;
 
 	if (same_encoding(from, to))
 		return 0;
@@ -141,6 +181,21 @@ struct strbuf **strbuf_split_buf(const char *str, size_t slen,
 	return ret;
 }
 
+void strbuf_add_separated_string_list(struct strbuf *str,
+				      const char *sep,
+				      struct string_list *slist)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	int sep_needed = 0;
+
+	for_each_string_list_item(item, slist) {
+		if (sep_needed)
+			strbuf_addstr(str, sep);
+		strbuf_addstr(str, item->string);
+		sep_needed = 1;
+	}
+}
+
 void strbuf_list_free(struct strbuf **sbs)
 {
 	struct strbuf **s = sbs;
@@ -154,7 +209,7 @@ void strbuf_list_free(struct strbuf **sbs)
 
 int strbuf_cmp(const struct strbuf *a, const struct strbuf *b)
 {
-	int len = a->len < b->len ? a->len: b->len;
+	size_t len = a->len < b->len ? a->len: b->len;
 	int cmp = memcmp(a->buf, b->buf, len);
 	if (cmp)
 		return cmp;
@@ -187,7 +242,7 @@ void strbuf_insert(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos, const void *data, size_t len)
 
 void strbuf_remove(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos, size_t len)
 {
-	strbuf_splice(sb, pos, len, NULL, 0);
+	strbuf_splice(sb, pos, len, "", 0);
 }
 
 void strbuf_add(struct strbuf *sb, const void *data, size_t len)
@@ -197,11 +252,11 @@ void strbuf_add(struct strbuf *sb, const void *data, size_t len)
 	strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + len);
 }
 
-void strbuf_adddup(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos, size_t len)
+void strbuf_addbuf(struct strbuf *sb, const struct strbuf *sb2)
 {
-	strbuf_grow(sb, len);
-	memcpy(sb->buf + sb->len, sb->buf + pos, len);
-	strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + len);
+	strbuf_grow(sb, sb2->len);
+	memcpy(sb->buf + sb->len, sb2->buf, sb2->len);
+	strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + sb2->len);
 }
 
 void strbuf_addchars(struct strbuf *sb, int c, size_t n)
@@ -245,8 +300,8 @@ void strbuf_add_commented_lines(struct strbuf *out, const char *buf, size_t size
 	static char prefix2[2];
 
 	if (prefix1[0] != comment_line_char) {
-		sprintf(prefix1, "%c ", comment_line_char);
-		sprintf(prefix2, "%c", comment_line_char);
+		xsnprintf(prefix1, sizeof(prefix1), "%c ", comment_line_char);
+		xsnprintf(prefix2, sizeof(prefix2), "%c", comment_line_char);
 	}
 	add_lines(out, prefix1, prefix2, buf, size);
 }
@@ -279,12 +334,12 @@ void strbuf_vaddf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
 	len = vsnprintf(sb->buf + sb->len, sb->alloc - sb->len, fmt, cp);
 	va_end(cp);
 	if (len < 0)
-		die("BUG: your vsnprintf is broken (returned %d)", len);
+		BUG("your vsnprintf is broken (returned %d)", len);
 	if (len > strbuf_avail(sb)) {
 		strbuf_grow(sb, len);
 		len = vsnprintf(sb->buf + sb->len, sb->alloc - sb->len, fmt, ap);
 		if (len > strbuf_avail(sb))
-			die("BUG: your vsnprintf is broken (insatiable)");
+			BUG("your vsnprintf is broken (insatiable)");
 	}
 	strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + len);
 }
@@ -334,7 +389,7 @@ size_t strbuf_expand_dict_cb(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
 
 void strbuf_addbuf_percentquote(struct strbuf *dst, const struct strbuf *src)
 {
-	int i, len = src->len;
+	size_t i, len = src->len;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 		if (src->buf[i] == '%')
@@ -364,19 +419,19 @@ ssize_t strbuf_read(struct strbuf *sb, int fd, size_t hint)
 
 	strbuf_grow(sb, hint ? hint : 8192);
 	for (;;) {
-		ssize_t cnt;
+		ssize_t want = sb->alloc - sb->len - 1;
+		ssize_t got = read_in_full(fd, sb->buf + sb->len, want);
 
-		cnt = xread(fd, sb->buf + sb->len, sb->alloc - sb->len - 1);
-		if (cnt < 0) {
+		if (got < 0) {
 			if (oldalloc == 0)
 				strbuf_release(sb);
 			else
 				strbuf_setlen(sb, oldlen);
 			return -1;
 		}
-		if (!cnt)
+		sb->len += got;
+		if (got < want)
 			break;
-		sb->len += cnt;
 		strbuf_grow(sb, 8192);
 	}
 
@@ -384,6 +439,26 @@ ssize_t strbuf_read(struct strbuf *sb, int fd, size_t hint)
 	return sb->len - oldlen;
 }
 
+ssize_t strbuf_read_once(struct strbuf *sb, int fd, size_t hint)
+{
+	size_t oldalloc = sb->alloc;
+	ssize_t cnt;
+
+	strbuf_grow(sb, hint ? hint : 8192);
+	cnt = xread(fd, sb->buf + sb->len, sb->alloc - sb->len - 1);
+	if (cnt > 0)
+		strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + cnt);
+	else if (oldalloc == 0)
+		strbuf_release(sb);
+	return cnt;
+}
+
+ssize_t strbuf_write(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *f)
+{
+	return sb->len ? fwrite(sb->buf, 1, sb->len, f) : 0;
+}
+
+
 #define STRBUF_MAXLINK (2*PATH_MAX)
 
 int strbuf_readlink(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint)
@@ -394,7 +469,7 @@ int strbuf_readlink(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint)
 		hint = 32;
 
 	while (hint < STRBUF_MAXLINK) {
-		int len;
+		ssize_t len;
 
 		strbuf_grow(sb, hint);
 		len = readlink(path, sb->buf, hint);
@@ -425,6 +500,17 @@ int strbuf_getcwd(struct strbuf *sb)
 			strbuf_setlen(sb, strlen(sb->buf));
 			return 0;
 		}
+
+		/*
+		 * If getcwd(3) is implemented as a syscall that falls
+		 * back to a regular lookup using readdir(3) etc. then
+		 * we may be able to avoid EACCES by providing enough
+		 * space to the syscall as it's not necessarily bound
+		 * to the same restrictions as the fallback.
+		 */
+		if (errno == EACCES && guessed_len < PATH_MAX)
+			continue;
+
 		if (errno != ERANGE)
 			break;
 	}
@@ -435,6 +521,54 @@ int strbuf_getcwd(struct strbuf *sb)
 	return -1;
 }
 
+#ifdef HAVE_GETDELIM
+int strbuf_getwholeline(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp, int term)
+{
+	ssize_t r;
+
+	if (feof(fp))
+		return EOF;
+
+	strbuf_reset(sb);
+
+	/* Translate slopbuf to NULL, as we cannot call realloc on it */
+	if (!sb->alloc)
+		sb->buf = NULL;
+	errno = 0;
+	r = getdelim(&sb->buf, &sb->alloc, term, fp);
+
+	if (r > 0) {
+		sb->len = r;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	assert(r == -1);
+
+	/*
+	 * Normally we would have called xrealloc, which will try to free
+	 * memory and recover. But we have no way to tell getdelim() to do so.
+	 * Worse, we cannot try to recover ENOMEM ourselves, because we have
+	 * no idea how many bytes were read by getdelim.
+	 *
+	 * Dying here is reasonable. It mirrors what xrealloc would do on
+	 * catastrophic memory failure. We skip the opportunity to free pack
+	 * memory and retry, but that's unlikely to help for a malloc small
+	 * enough to hold a single line of input, anyway.
+	 */
+	if (errno == ENOMEM)
+		die("Out of memory, getdelim failed");
+
+	/*
+	 * Restore strbuf invariants; if getdelim left us with a NULL pointer,
+	 * we can just re-init, but otherwise we should make sure that our
+	 * length is empty, and that the result is NUL-terminated.
+	 */
+	if (!sb->buf)
+		strbuf_init(sb, 0);
+	else
+		strbuf_reset(sb);
+	return EOF;
+}
+#else
 int strbuf_getwholeline(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp, int term)
 {
 	int ch;
@@ -443,28 +577,54 @@ int strbuf_getwholeline(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp, int term)
 		return EOF;
 
 	strbuf_reset(sb);
-	while ((ch = fgetc(fp)) != EOF) {
-		strbuf_grow(sb, 1);
+	flockfile(fp);
+	while ((ch = getc_unlocked(fp)) != EOF) {
+		if (!strbuf_avail(sb))
+			strbuf_grow(sb, 1);
 		sb->buf[sb->len++] = ch;
 		if (ch == term)
 			break;
 	}
+	funlockfile(fp);
 	if (ch == EOF && sb->len == 0)
 		return EOF;
 
 	sb->buf[sb->len] = '\0';
 	return 0;
 }
+#endif
 
-int strbuf_getline(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp, int term)
+static int strbuf_getdelim(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp, int term)
 {
 	if (strbuf_getwholeline(sb, fp, term))
 		return EOF;
-	if (sb->buf[sb->len-1] == term)
-		strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len-1);
+	if (sb->buf[sb->len - 1] == term)
+		strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len - 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int strbuf_getline(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp)
+{
+	if (strbuf_getwholeline(sb, fp, '\n'))
+		return EOF;
+	if (sb->buf[sb->len - 1] == '\n') {
+		strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len - 1);
+		if (sb->len && sb->buf[sb->len - 1] == '\r')
+			strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len - 1);
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int strbuf_getline_lf(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp)
+{
+	return strbuf_getdelim(sb, fp, '\n');
+}
+
+int strbuf_getline_nul(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp)
+{
+	return strbuf_getdelim(sb, fp, '\0');
+}
+
 int strbuf_getwholeline_fd(struct strbuf *sb, int fd, int term)
 {
 	strbuf_reset(sb);
@@ -481,17 +641,22 @@ int strbuf_getwholeline_fd(struct strbuf *sb, int fd, int term)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int strbuf_read_file(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint)
+ssize_t strbuf_read_file(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint)
 {
-	int fd, len;
+	int fd;
+	ssize_t len;
+	int saved_errno;
 
 	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
 	if (fd < 0)
 		return -1;
 	len = strbuf_read(sb, fd, hint);
+	saved_errno = errno;
 	close(fd);
-	if (len < 0)
+	if (len < 0) {
+		errno = saved_errno;
 		return -1;
+	}
 
 	return len;
 }
@@ -555,7 +720,7 @@ static void strbuf_add_urlencode(struct strbuf *sb, const char *s, size_t len,
 		    (!reserved && is_rfc3986_reserved(ch)))
 			strbuf_addch(sb, ch);
 		else
-			strbuf_addf(sb, "%%%02x", ch);
+			strbuf_addf(sb, "%%%02x", (unsigned char)ch);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -569,18 +734,18 @@ void strbuf_humanise_bytes(struct strbuf *buf, off_t bytes)
 {
 	if (bytes > 1 << 30) {
 		strbuf_addf(buf, "%u.%2.2u GiB",
-			    (int)(bytes >> 30),
-			    (int)(bytes & ((1 << 30) - 1)) / 10737419);
+			    (unsigned)(bytes >> 30),
+			    (unsigned)(bytes & ((1 << 30) - 1)) / 10737419);
 	} else if (bytes > 1 << 20) {
-		int x = bytes + 5243;  /* for rounding */
+		unsigned x = bytes + 5243;  /* for rounding */
 		strbuf_addf(buf, "%u.%2.2u MiB",
 			    x >> 20, ((x & ((1 << 20) - 1)) * 100) >> 20);
 	} else if (bytes > 1 << 10) {
-		int x = bytes + 5;  /* for rounding */
+		unsigned x = bytes + 5;  /* for rounding */
 		strbuf_addf(buf, "%u.%2.2u KiB",
 			    x >> 10, ((x & ((1 << 10) - 1)) * 100) >> 10);
 	} else {
-		strbuf_addf(buf, "%u bytes", (int)bytes);
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%u bytes", (unsigned)bytes);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -609,6 +774,17 @@ void strbuf_add_absolute_path(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path)
 	strbuf_addstr(sb, path);
 }
 
+void strbuf_add_real_path(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path)
+{
+	if (sb->len) {
+		struct strbuf resolved = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_realpath(&resolved, path, 1);
+		strbuf_addbuf(sb, &resolved);
+		strbuf_release(&resolved);
+	} else
+		strbuf_realpath(sb, path, 1);
+}
+
 int printf_ln(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	int ret;
@@ -639,10 +815,21 @@ char *xstrdup_tolower(const char *string)
 	size_t len, i;
 
 	len = strlen(string);
-	result = xmalloc(len + 1);
+	result = xmallocz(len);
 	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
 		result[i] = tolower(string[i]);
-	result[i] = '\0';
+	return result;
+}
+
+char *xstrdup_toupper(const char *string)
+{
+	char *result;
+	size_t len, i;
+
+	len = strlen(string);
+	result = xmallocz(len);
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+		result[i] = toupper(string[i]);
 	return result;
 }
 
@@ -664,3 +851,163 @@ char *xstrfmt(const char *fmt, ...)
 
 	return ret;
 }
+
+void strbuf_addftime(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, const struct tm *tm,
+		     int tz_offset, int suppress_tz_name)
+{
+	struct strbuf munged_fmt = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t hint = 128;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (!*fmt)
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * There is no portable way to pass timezone information to
+	 * strftime, so we handle %z and %Z here.
+	 */
+	for (;;) {
+		const char *percent = strchrnul(fmt, '%');
+		strbuf_add(&munged_fmt, fmt, percent - fmt);
+		if (!*percent)
+			break;
+		fmt = percent + 1;
+		switch (*fmt) {
+		case '%':
+			strbuf_addstr(&munged_fmt, "%%");
+			fmt++;
+			break;
+		case 'z':
+			strbuf_addf(&munged_fmt, "%+05d", tz_offset);
+			fmt++;
+			break;
+		case 'Z':
+			if (suppress_tz_name) {
+				fmt++;
+				break;
+			}
+			/* FALLTHROUGH */
+		default:
+			strbuf_addch(&munged_fmt, '%');
+		}
+	}
+	fmt = munged_fmt.buf;
+
+	strbuf_grow(sb, hint);
+	len = strftime(sb->buf + sb->len, sb->alloc - sb->len, fmt, tm);
+
+	if (!len) {
+		/*
+		 * strftime reports "0" if it could not fit the result in the buffer.
+		 * Unfortunately, it also reports "0" if the requested time string
+		 * takes 0 bytes. So our strategy is to munge the format so that the
+		 * output contains at least one character, and then drop the extra
+		 * character before returning.
+		 */
+		strbuf_addch(&munged_fmt, ' ');
+		while (!len) {
+			hint *= 2;
+			strbuf_grow(sb, hint);
+			len = strftime(sb->buf + sb->len, sb->alloc - sb->len,
+				       munged_fmt.buf, tm);
+		}
+		len--; /* drop munged space */
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&munged_fmt);
+	strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + len);
+}
+
+void strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(struct strbuf *sb, const struct object_id *oid,
+			      int abbrev_len)
+{
+	int r;
+	strbuf_grow(sb, GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1);
+	r = find_unique_abbrev_r(sb->buf + sb->len, oid, abbrev_len);
+	strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + r);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns the length of a line, without trailing spaces.
+ *
+ * If the line ends with newline, it will be removed too.
+ */
+static size_t cleanup(char *line, size_t len)
+{
+	while (len) {
+		unsigned char c = line[len - 1];
+		if (!isspace(c))
+			break;
+		len--;
+	}
+
+	return len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Remove empty lines from the beginning and end
+ * and also trailing spaces from every line.
+ *
+ * Turn multiple consecutive empty lines between paragraphs
+ * into just one empty line.
+ *
+ * If the input has only empty lines and spaces,
+ * no output will be produced.
+ *
+ * If last line does not have a newline at the end, one is added.
+ *
+ * Enable skip_comments to skip every line starting with comment
+ * character.
+ */
+void strbuf_stripspace(struct strbuf *sb, int skip_comments)
+{
+	size_t empties = 0;
+	size_t i, j, len, newlen;
+	char *eol;
+
+	/* We may have to add a newline. */
+	strbuf_grow(sb, 1);
+
+	for (i = j = 0; i < sb->len; i += len, j += newlen) {
+		eol = memchr(sb->buf + i, '\n', sb->len - i);
+		len = eol ? eol - (sb->buf + i) + 1 : sb->len - i;
+
+		if (skip_comments && len && sb->buf[i] == comment_line_char) {
+			newlen = 0;
+			continue;
+		}
+		newlen = cleanup(sb->buf + i, len);
+
+		/* Not just an empty line? */
+		if (newlen) {
+			if (empties > 0 && j > 0)
+				sb->buf[j++] = '\n';
+			empties = 0;
+			memmove(sb->buf + j, sb->buf + i, newlen);
+			sb->buf[newlen + j++] = '\n';
+		} else {
+			empties++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_setlen(sb, j);
+}
+
+int strbuf_normalize_path(struct strbuf *src)
+{
+	struct strbuf dst = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_grow(&dst, src->len);
+	if (normalize_path_copy(dst.buf, src->buf) < 0) {
+		strbuf_release(&dst);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * normalize_path does not tell us the new length, so we have to
+	 * compute it by looking for the new NUL it placed
+	 */
+	strbuf_setlen(&dst, strlen(dst.buf));
+	strbuf_swap(src, &dst);
+	strbuf_release(&dst);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/strbuf.h b/strbuf.h
index 1883494ca3..60a35aef16 100644
--- a/strbuf.h
+++ b/strbuf.h
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef STRBUF_H
 #define STRBUF_H
 
+struct string_list;
+
 /**
  * strbuf's are meant to be used with all the usual C string and memory
  * APIs. Given that the length of the buffer is known, it's often better to
@@ -68,7 +70,13 @@ struct strbuf {
 };
 
 extern char strbuf_slopbuf[];
-#define STRBUF_INIT  { 0, 0, strbuf_slopbuf }
+#define STRBUF_INIT  { .alloc = 0, .len = 0, .buf = strbuf_slopbuf }
+
+/*
+ * Predeclare this here, since cache.h includes this file before it defines the
+ * struct.
+ */
+struct object_id;
 
 /**
  * Life Cycle Functions
@@ -82,8 +90,12 @@ extern char strbuf_slopbuf[];
 extern void strbuf_init(struct strbuf *, size_t);
 
 /**
- * Release a string buffer and the memory it used. You should not use the
- * string buffer after using this function, unless you initialize it again.
+ * Release a string buffer and the memory it used. After this call, the
+ * strbuf points to an empty string that does not need to be free()ed, as
+ * if it had been set to `STRBUF_INIT` and never modified.
+ *
+ * To clear a strbuf in preparation for further use without the overhead
+ * of free()ing and malloc()ing again, use strbuf_reset() instead.
  */
 extern void strbuf_release(struct strbuf *);
 
@@ -91,6 +103,9 @@ extern void strbuf_release(struct strbuf *);
  * Detach the string from the strbuf and returns it; you now own the
  * storage the string occupies and it is your responsibility from then on
  * to release it with `free(3)` when you are done with it.
+ *
+ * The strbuf that previously held the string is reset to `STRBUF_INIT` so
+ * it can be reused after calling this function.
  */
 extern char *strbuf_detach(struct strbuf *, size_t *);
 
@@ -109,9 +124,7 @@ extern void strbuf_attach(struct strbuf *, void *, size_t, size_t);
  */
 static inline void strbuf_swap(struct strbuf *a, struct strbuf *b)
 {
-	struct strbuf tmp = *a;
-	*a = *b;
-	*b = tmp;
+	SWAP(*a, *b);
 }
 
 
@@ -149,7 +162,10 @@ static inline void strbuf_setlen(struct strbuf *sb, size_t len)
 	if (len > (sb->alloc ? sb->alloc - 1 : 0))
 		die("BUG: strbuf_setlen() beyond buffer");
 	sb->len = len;
-	sb->buf[len] = '\0';
+	if (sb->buf != strbuf_slopbuf)
+		sb->buf[len] = '\0';
+	else
+		assert(!strbuf_slopbuf[0]);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -171,6 +187,9 @@ extern void strbuf_trim(struct strbuf *);
 extern void strbuf_rtrim(struct strbuf *);
 extern void strbuf_ltrim(struct strbuf *);
 
+/* Strip trailing directory separators */
+extern void strbuf_trim_trailing_dir_sep(struct strbuf *);
+
 /**
  * Replace the contents of the strbuf with a reencoded form.  Returns -1
  * on error, 0 on success.
@@ -205,7 +224,8 @@ extern int strbuf_cmp(const struct strbuf *, const struct strbuf *);
  */
 static inline void strbuf_addch(struct strbuf *sb, int c)
 {
-	strbuf_grow(sb, 1);
+	if (!strbuf_avail(sb))
+		strbuf_grow(sb, 1);
 	sb->buf[sb->len++] = c;
 	sb->buf[sb->len] = '\0';
 }
@@ -262,17 +282,7 @@ static inline void strbuf_addstr(struct strbuf *sb, const char *s)
 /**
  * Copy the contents of another buffer at the end of the current one.
  */
-static inline void strbuf_addbuf(struct strbuf *sb, const struct strbuf *sb2)
-{
-	strbuf_grow(sb, sb2->len);
-	strbuf_add(sb, sb2->buf, sb2->len);
-}
-
-/**
- * Copy part of the buffer from a given position till a given length to the
- * end of the buffer.
- */
-extern void strbuf_adddup(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos, size_t len);
+extern void strbuf_addbuf(struct strbuf *sb, const struct strbuf *sb2);
 
 /**
  * This function can be used to expand a format string containing
@@ -344,12 +354,24 @@ __attribute__((format (printf,2,0)))
 extern void strbuf_vaddf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, va_list ap);
 
 /**
+ * Add the time specified by `tm`, as formatted by `strftime`.
+ * `tz_offset` is in decimal hhmm format, e.g. -600 means six hours west
+ * of Greenwich, and it's used to expand %z internally.  However, tokens
+ * with modifiers (e.g. %Ez) are passed to `strftime`.
+ * `suppress_tz_name`, when set, expands %Z internally to the empty
+ * string rather than passing it to `strftime`.
+ */
+extern void strbuf_addftime(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt,
+			    const struct tm *tm, int tz_offset,
+			    int suppress_tz_name);
+
+/**
  * Read a given size of data from a FILE* pointer to the buffer.
  *
  * NOTE: The buffer is rewound if the read fails. If -1 is returned,
  * `errno` must be consulted, like you would do for `read(3)`.
- * `strbuf_read()`, `strbuf_read_file()` and `strbuf_getline()` has the
- * same behaviour as well.
+ * `strbuf_read()`, `strbuf_read_file()` and `strbuf_getline_*()`
+ * family of functions have the same behaviour as well.
  */
 extern size_t strbuf_fread(struct strbuf *, size_t, FILE *);
 
@@ -361,10 +383,20 @@ extern size_t strbuf_fread(struct strbuf *, size_t, FILE *);
 extern ssize_t strbuf_read(struct strbuf *, int fd, size_t hint);
 
 /**
+ * Read the contents of a given file descriptor partially by using only one
+ * attempt of xread. The third argument can be used to give a hint about the
+ * file size, to avoid reallocs. Returns the number of new bytes appended to
+ * the sb.
+ */
+extern ssize_t strbuf_read_once(struct strbuf *, int fd, size_t hint);
+
+/**
  * Read the contents of a file, specified by its path. The third argument
  * can be used to give a hint about the file size, to avoid reallocs.
+ * Return the number of bytes read or a negative value if some error
+ * occurred while opening or reading the file.
  */
-extern int strbuf_read_file(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint);
+extern ssize_t strbuf_read_file(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint);
 
 /**
  * Read the target of a symbolic link, specified by its path.  The third
@@ -373,14 +405,37 @@ extern int strbuf_read_file(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint);
 extern int strbuf_readlink(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint);
 
 /**
- * Read a line from a FILE *, overwriting the existing contents
- * of the strbuf. The second argument specifies the line
- * terminator character, typically `'\n'`.
+ * Write the whole content of the strbuf to the stream not stopping at
+ * NUL bytes.
+ */
+extern ssize_t strbuf_write(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *stream);
+
+/**
+ * Read a line from a FILE *, overwriting the existing contents of
+ * the strbuf.  The strbuf_getline*() family of functions share
+ * this signature, but have different line termination conventions.
+ *
  * Reading stops after the terminator or at EOF.  The terminator
  * is removed from the buffer before returning.  Returns 0 unless
  * there was nothing left before EOF, in which case it returns `EOF`.
  */
-extern int strbuf_getline(struct strbuf *, FILE *, int);
+typedef int (*strbuf_getline_fn)(struct strbuf *, FILE *);
+
+/* Uses LF as the line terminator */
+extern int strbuf_getline_lf(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp);
+
+/* Uses NUL as the line terminator */
+extern int strbuf_getline_nul(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp);
+
+/*
+ * Similar to strbuf_getline_lf(), but additionally treats a CR that
+ * comes immediately before the LF as part of the terminator.
+ * This is the most friendly version to be used to read "text" files
+ * that can come from platforms whose native text format is CRLF
+ * terminated.
+ */
+extern int strbuf_getline(struct strbuf *, FILE *);
+
 
 /**
  * Like `strbuf_getline`, but keeps the trailing terminator (if
@@ -409,10 +464,32 @@ extern int strbuf_getcwd(struct strbuf *sb);
 extern void strbuf_add_absolute_path(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path);
 
 /**
+ * Canonize `path` (make it absolute, resolve symlinks, remove extra
+ * slashes) and append it to `sb`.  Die with an informative error
+ * message if there is a problem.
+ *
+ * The directory part of `path` (i.e., everything up to the last
+ * dir_sep) must denote a valid, existing directory, but the last
+ * component need not exist.
+ *
+ * Callers that don't mind links should use the more lightweight
+ * strbuf_add_absolute_path() instead.
+ */
+extern void strbuf_add_real_path(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path);
+
+
+/**
+ * Normalize in-place the path contained in the strbuf. See
+ * normalize_path_copy() for details. If an error occurs, the contents of "sb"
+ * are left untouched, and -1 is returned.
+ */
+extern int strbuf_normalize_path(struct strbuf *sb);
+
+/**
  * Strip whitespace from a buffer. The second parameter controls if
  * comments are considered contents to be removed or not.
  */
-extern void stripspace(struct strbuf *buf, int skip_comments);
+extern void strbuf_stripspace(struct strbuf *buf, int skip_comments);
 
 static inline int strbuf_strip_suffix(struct strbuf *sb, const char *suffix)
 {
@@ -462,6 +539,20 @@ static inline struct strbuf **strbuf_split(const struct strbuf *sb,
 	return strbuf_split_max(sb, terminator, 0);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Adds all strings of a string list to the strbuf, separated by the given
+ * separator.  For example, if sep is
+ *   ', '
+ * and slist contains
+ *   ['element1', 'element2', ..., 'elementN'],
+ * then write:
+ *   'element1, element2, ..., elementN'
+ * to str.  If only one element, just write "element1" to str.
+ */
+extern void strbuf_add_separated_string_list(struct strbuf *str,
+					     const char *sep,
+					     struct string_list *slist);
+
 /**
  * Free a NULL-terminated list of strbufs (for example, the return
  * values of the strbuf_split*() functions).
@@ -469,6 +560,14 @@ static inline struct strbuf **strbuf_split(const struct strbuf *sb,
 extern void strbuf_list_free(struct strbuf **);
 
 /**
+ * Add the abbreviation, as generated by find_unique_abbrev, of `sha1` to
+ * the strbuf `sb`.
+ */
+extern void strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(struct strbuf *sb,
+				     const struct object_id *oid,
+				     int abbrev_len);
+
+/**
  * Launch the user preferred editor to edit a file and fill the buffer
  * with the file's contents upon the user completing their editing. The
  * third argument can be used to set the environment which the editor is
@@ -485,13 +584,43 @@ extern void strbuf_add_lines(struct strbuf *sb, const char *prefix, const char *
  */
 extern void strbuf_addstr_xml_quoted(struct strbuf *sb, const char *s);
 
+/**
+ * "Complete" the contents of `sb` by ensuring that either it ends with the
+ * character `term`, or it is empty.  This can be used, for example,
+ * to ensure that text ends with a newline, but without creating an empty
+ * blank line if there is no content in the first place.
+ */
+static inline void strbuf_complete(struct strbuf *sb, char term)
+{
+	if (sb->len && sb->buf[sb->len - 1] != term)
+		strbuf_addch(sb, term);
+}
+
 static inline void strbuf_complete_line(struct strbuf *sb)
 {
-	if (sb->len && sb->buf[sb->len - 1] != '\n')
-		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+	strbuf_complete(sb, '\n');
 }
 
-extern int strbuf_branchname(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name);
+/*
+ * Copy "name" to "sb", expanding any special @-marks as handled by
+ * interpret_branch_name(). The result is a non-qualified branch name
+ * (so "foo" or "origin/master" instead of "refs/heads/foo" or
+ * "refs/remotes/origin/master").
+ *
+ * Note that the resulting name may not be a syntactically valid refname.
+ *
+ * If "allowed" is non-zero, restrict the set of allowed expansions. See
+ * interpret_branch_name() for details.
+ */
+extern void strbuf_branchname(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name,
+			      unsigned allowed);
+
+/*
+ * Like strbuf_branchname() above, but confirm that the result is
+ * syntactically valid to be used as a local branch name in refs/heads/.
+ *
+ * The return value is "0" if the result is valid, and "-1" otherwise.
+ */
 extern int strbuf_check_branch_ref(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name);
 
 extern void strbuf_addstr_urlencode(struct strbuf *, const char *,
@@ -503,6 +632,7 @@ __attribute__((format (printf,2,3)))
 extern int fprintf_ln(FILE *fp, const char *fmt, ...);
 
 char *xstrdup_tolower(const char *);
+char *xstrdup_toupper(const char *);
 
 /**
  * Create a newly allocated string using printf format. You can do this easily
diff --git a/streaming.c b/streaming.c
index 2ff036a0fa..d1e6b2dce6 100644
--- a/streaming.c
+++ b/streaming.c
@@ -3,6 +3,10 @@
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "streaming.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "replace-object.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
 
 enum input_source {
 	stream_error = -1,
@@ -13,7 +17,7 @@ enum input_source {
 
 typedef int (*open_istream_fn)(struct git_istream *,
 			       struct object_info *,
-			       const unsigned char *,
+			       const struct object_id *,
 			       enum object_type *);
 typedef int (*close_istream_fn)(struct git_istream *);
 typedef ssize_t (*read_istream_fn)(struct git_istream *, char *, size_t);
@@ -26,7 +30,7 @@ struct stream_vtbl {
 #define open_method_decl(name) \
 	int open_istream_ ##name \
 	(struct git_istream *st, struct object_info *oi, \
-	 const unsigned char *sha1, \
+	 const struct object_id *oid, \
 	 enum object_type *type)
 
 #define close_method_decl(name) \
@@ -104,7 +108,7 @@ ssize_t read_istream(struct git_istream *st, void *buf, size_t sz)
 	return st->vtbl->read(st, buf, sz);
 }
 
-static enum input_source istream_source(const unsigned char *sha1,
+static enum input_source istream_source(const struct object_id *oid,
 					enum object_type *type,
 					struct object_info *oi)
 {
@@ -113,7 +117,7 @@ static enum input_source istream_source(const unsigned char *sha1,
 
 	oi->typep = type;
 	oi->sizep = &size;
-	status = sha1_object_info_extended(sha1, oi, 0);
+	status = oid_object_info_extended(the_repository, oid, oi, 0);
 	if (status < 0)
 		return stream_error;
 
@@ -129,14 +133,14 @@ static enum input_source istream_source(const unsigned char *sha1,
 	}
 }
 
-struct git_istream *open_istream(const unsigned char *sha1,
+struct git_istream *open_istream(const struct object_id *oid,
 				 enum object_type *type,
 				 unsigned long *size,
 				 struct stream_filter *filter)
 {
 	struct git_istream *st;
-	struct object_info oi = {NULL};
-	const unsigned char *real = lookup_replace_object(sha1);
+	struct object_info oi = OBJECT_INFO_INIT;
+	const struct object_id *real = lookup_replace_object(the_repository, oid);
 	enum input_source src = istream_source(real, type, &oi);
 
 	if (src < 0)
@@ -334,20 +338,21 @@ static struct stream_vtbl loose_vtbl = {
 
 static open_method_decl(loose)
 {
-	st->u.loose.mapped = map_sha1_file(sha1, &st->u.loose.mapsize);
+	st->u.loose.mapped = map_sha1_file(the_repository,
+					   oid->hash, &st->u.loose.mapsize);
 	if (!st->u.loose.mapped)
 		return -1;
-	if (unpack_sha1_header(&st->z,
-			       st->u.loose.mapped,
-			       st->u.loose.mapsize,
-			       st->u.loose.hdr,
-			       sizeof(st->u.loose.hdr)) < 0) {
+	if ((unpack_sha1_header(&st->z,
+				st->u.loose.mapped,
+				st->u.loose.mapsize,
+				st->u.loose.hdr,
+				sizeof(st->u.loose.hdr)) < 0) ||
+	    (parse_sha1_header(st->u.loose.hdr, &st->size) < 0)) {
 		git_inflate_end(&st->z);
 		munmap(st->u.loose.mapped, st->u.loose.mapsize);
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	parse_sha1_header(st->u.loose.hdr, &st->size);
 	st->u.loose.hdr_used = strlen(st->u.loose.hdr) + 1;
 	st->u.loose.hdr_avail = st->z.total_out;
 	st->z_state = z_used;
@@ -485,7 +490,7 @@ static struct stream_vtbl incore_vtbl = {
 
 static open_method_decl(incore)
 {
-	st->u.incore.buf = read_sha1_file_extended(sha1, type, &st->size, 0);
+	st->u.incore.buf = read_object_file_extended(oid, type, &st->size, 0);
 	st->u.incore.read_ptr = 0;
 	st->vtbl = &incore_vtbl;
 
@@ -497,7 +502,7 @@ static open_method_decl(incore)
  * Users of streaming interface
  ****************************************************************/
 
-int stream_blob_to_fd(int fd, unsigned const char *sha1, struct stream_filter *filter,
+int stream_blob_to_fd(int fd, const struct object_id *oid, struct stream_filter *filter,
 		      int can_seek)
 {
 	struct git_istream *st;
@@ -506,9 +511,12 @@ int stream_blob_to_fd(int fd, unsigned const char *sha1, struct stream_filter *f
 	ssize_t kept = 0;
 	int result = -1;
 
-	st = open_istream(sha1, &type, &sz, filter);
-	if (!st)
+	st = open_istream(oid, &type, &sz, filter);
+	if (!st) {
+		if (filter)
+			free_stream_filter(filter);
 		return result;
+	}
 	if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
 		goto close_and_exit;
 	for (;;) {
@@ -536,7 +544,7 @@ int stream_blob_to_fd(int fd, unsigned const char *sha1, struct stream_filter *f
 			kept = 0;
 		wrote = write_in_full(fd, buf, readlen);
 
-		if (wrote != readlen)
+		if (wrote < 0)
 			goto close_and_exit;
 	}
 	if (kept && (lseek(fd, kept - 1, SEEK_CUR) == (off_t) -1 ||
diff --git a/streaming.h b/streaming.h
index 1d05c2a465..32f4626771 100644
--- a/streaming.h
+++ b/streaming.h
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@
 /* opaque */
 struct git_istream;
 
-extern struct git_istream *open_istream(const unsigned char *, enum object_type *, unsigned long *, struct stream_filter *);
+extern struct git_istream *open_istream(const struct object_id *, enum object_type *, unsigned long *, struct stream_filter *);
 extern int close_istream(struct git_istream *);
 extern ssize_t read_istream(struct git_istream *, void *, size_t);
 
-extern int stream_blob_to_fd(int fd, const unsigned char *, struct stream_filter *, int can_seek);
+extern int stream_blob_to_fd(int fd, const struct object_id *, struct stream_filter *, int can_seek);
 
 #endif /* STREAMING_H */
diff --git a/string-list.c b/string-list.c
index 2a32a3f1f5..771c455098 100644
--- a/string-list.c
+++ b/string-list.c
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ static int get_entry_index(const struct string_list *list, const char *string,
 	compare_strings_fn cmp = list->cmp ? list->cmp : strcmp;
 
 	while (left + 1 < right) {
-		int middle = (left + right) / 2;
+		int middle = left + (right - left) / 2;
 		int compare = cmp(string, list->items[middle].string);
 		if (compare < 0)
 			right = middle;
@@ -41,14 +41,10 @@ static int add_entry(int insert_at, struct string_list *list, const char *string
 	if (exact_match)
 		return -1 - index;
 
-	if (list->nr + 1 >= list->alloc) {
-		list->alloc += 32;
-		REALLOC_ARRAY(list->items, list->alloc);
-	}
+	ALLOC_GROW(list->items, list->nr+1, list->alloc);
 	if (index < list->nr)
-		memmove(list->items + index + 1, list->items + index,
-				(list->nr - index)
-				* sizeof(struct string_list_item));
+		MOVE_ARRAY(list->items + index + 1, list->items + index,
+			   list->nr - index);
 	list->items[index].string = list->strdup_strings ?
 		xstrdup(string) : (char *)string;
 	list->items[index].util = NULL;
@@ -67,6 +63,23 @@ struct string_list_item *string_list_insert(struct string_list *list, const char
 	return list->items + index;
 }
 
+void string_list_remove(struct string_list *list, const char *string,
+			int free_util)
+{
+	int exact_match;
+	int i = get_entry_index(list, string, &exact_match);
+
+	if (exact_match) {
+		if (list->strdup_strings)
+			free(list->items[i].string);
+		if (free_util)
+			free(list->items[i].util);
+
+		list->nr--;
+		MOVE_ARRAY(list->items + i, list->items + i + 1, list->nr - i);
+	}
+}
+
 int string_list_has_string(const struct string_list *list, const char *string)
 {
 	int exact_match;
@@ -211,32 +224,39 @@ struct string_list_item *string_list_append(struct string_list *list,
 			list->strdup_strings ? xstrdup(string) : (char *)string);
 }
 
-/* Yuck */
-static compare_strings_fn compare_for_qsort;
+/*
+ * Encapsulate the compare function pointer because ISO C99 forbids
+ * casting from void * to a function pointer and vice versa.
+ */
+struct string_list_sort_ctx
+{
+	compare_strings_fn cmp;
+};
 
-/* Only call this from inside string_list_sort! */
-static int cmp_items(const void *a, const void *b)
+static int cmp_items(const void *a, const void *b, void *ctx)
 {
+	struct string_list_sort_ctx *sort_ctx = ctx;
 	const struct string_list_item *one = a;
 	const struct string_list_item *two = b;
-	return compare_for_qsort(one->string, two->string);
+	return sort_ctx->cmp(one->string, two->string);
 }
 
 void string_list_sort(struct string_list *list)
 {
-	compare_for_qsort = list->cmp ? list->cmp : strcmp;
-	qsort(list->items, list->nr, sizeof(*list->items), cmp_items);
+	struct string_list_sort_ctx sort_ctx = {list->cmp ? list->cmp : strcmp};
+
+	QSORT_S(list->items, list->nr, cmp_items, &sort_ctx);
 }
 
 struct string_list_item *unsorted_string_list_lookup(struct string_list *list,
 						     const char *string)
 {
-	int i;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
 	compare_strings_fn cmp = list->cmp ? list->cmp : strcmp;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
-		if (!cmp(string, list->items[i].string))
-			return list->items + i;
+	for_each_string_list_item(item, list)
+		if (!cmp(string, item->string))
+			return item;
 	return NULL;
 }
 
diff --git a/string-list.h b/string-list.h
index d3809a1417..ff8f6094a3 100644
--- a/string-list.h
+++ b/string-list.h
@@ -1,6 +1,69 @@
 #ifndef STRING_LIST_H
 #define STRING_LIST_H
 
+/**
+ * The string_list API offers a data structure and functions to handle
+ * sorted and unsorted arrays of strings.  A "sorted" list is one whose
+ * entries are sorted by string value in `strcmp()` order.
+ *
+ * The caller:
+ *
+ * . Allocates and clears a `struct string_list` variable.
+ *
+ * . Initializes the members. You might want to set the flag `strdup_strings`
+ *   if the strings should be strdup()ed. For example, this is necessary
+ *   when you add something like git_path("..."), since that function returns
+ *   a static buffer that will change with the next call to git_path().
+ *
+ * If you need something advanced, you can manually malloc() the `items`
+ * member (you need this if you add things later) and you should set the
+ * `nr` and `alloc` members in that case, too.
+ *
+ * . Adds new items to the list, using `string_list_append`,
+ *   `string_list_append_nodup`, `string_list_insert`,
+ *   `string_list_split`, and/or `string_list_split_in_place`.
+ *
+ * . Can check if a string is in the list using `string_list_has_string` or
+ *   `unsorted_string_list_has_string` and get it from the list using
+ *   `string_list_lookup` for sorted lists.
+ *
+ * . Can sort an unsorted list using `string_list_sort`.
+ *
+ * . Can remove duplicate items from a sorted list using
+ *   `string_list_remove_duplicates`.
+ *
+ * . Can remove individual items of an unsorted list using
+ *   `unsorted_string_list_delete_item`.
+ *
+ * . Can remove items not matching a criterion from a sorted or unsorted
+ *   list using `filter_string_list`, or remove empty strings using
+ *   `string_list_remove_empty_items`.
+ *
+ * . Finally it should free the list using `string_list_clear`.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ *
+ *     struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+ *     int i;
+ *
+ *     string_list_append(&list, "foo");
+ *     string_list_append(&list, "bar");
+ *     for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
+ *             printf("%s\n", list.items[i].string)
+ *
+ * NOTE: It is more efficient to build an unsorted list and sort it
+ * afterwards, instead of building a sorted list (`O(n log n)` instead of
+ * `O(n^2)`).
+ *
+ * However, if you use the list to check if a certain string was added
+ * already, you should not do that (using unsorted_string_list_has_string()),
+ * because the complexity would be quadratic again (but with a worse factor).
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Represents an item of the list. The `string` member is a pointer to the
+ * string, and you may use the `util` member for any purpose, if you want.
+ */
 struct string_list_item {
 	char *string;
 	void *util;
@@ -8,6 +71,18 @@ struct string_list_item {
 
 typedef int (*compare_strings_fn)(const char *, const char *);
 
+/**
+ * Represents the list itself.
+ *
+ * . The array of items are available via the `items` member.
+ * . The `nr` member contains the number of items stored in the list.
+ * . The `alloc` member is used to avoid reallocating at every insertion.
+ *   You should not tamper with it.
+ * . Setting the `strdup_strings` member to 1 will strdup() the strings
+ *   before adding them, see above.
+ * . The `compare_strings_fn` member is used to specify a custom compare
+ *   function, otherwise `strcmp()` is used as the default function.
+ */
 struct string_list {
 	struct string_list_item *items;
 	unsigned int nr, alloc;
@@ -18,33 +93,65 @@ struct string_list {
 #define STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP { NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL }
 #define STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP   { NULL, 0, 0, 1, NULL }
 
+/* General functions which work with both sorted and unsorted lists. */
+
+/**
+ * Initialize the members of the string_list, set `strdup_strings`
+ * member according to the value of the second parameter.
+ */
 void string_list_init(struct string_list *list, int strdup_strings);
 
+/** Callback function type for for_each_string_list */
+typedef int (*string_list_each_func_t)(struct string_list_item *, void *);
+
+/**
+ * Apply `want` to each item in `list`, retaining only the ones for which
+ * the function returns true.  If `free_util` is true, call free() on
+ * the util members of any items that have to be deleted.  Preserve
+ * the order of the items that are retained.
+ */
+void filter_string_list(struct string_list *list, int free_util,
+			string_list_each_func_t want, void *cb_data);
+
+/**
+ * Dump a string_list to stdout, useful mainly for debugging
+ * purposes. It can take an optional header argument and it writes out
+ * the string-pointer pairs of the string_list, each one in its own
+ * line.
+ */
 void print_string_list(const struct string_list *p, const char *text);
+
+/**
+ * Free a string_list. The `string` pointer of the items will be freed
+ * in case the `strdup_strings` member of the string_list is set. The
+ * second parameter controls if the `util` pointer of the items should
+ * be freed or not.
+ */
 void string_list_clear(struct string_list *list, int free_util);
 
-/* Use this function to call a custom clear function on each util pointer */
-/* The string associated with the util pointer is passed as the second argument */
+/**
+ * Callback type for `string_list_clear_func`.  The string associated
+ * with the util pointer is passed as the second argument
+ */
 typedef void (*string_list_clear_func_t)(void *p, const char *str);
+
+/** Call a custom clear function on each util pointer */
 void string_list_clear_func(struct string_list *list, string_list_clear_func_t clearfunc);
 
-/* Use this function or the macro below to iterate over each item */
-typedef int (*string_list_each_func_t)(struct string_list_item *, void *);
+/**
+ * Apply `func` to each item. If `func` returns nonzero, the
+ * iteration aborts and the return value is propagated.
+ */
 int for_each_string_list(struct string_list *list,
-			 string_list_each_func_t, void *cb_data);
-#define for_each_string_list_item(item,list) \
-	for (item = (list)->items; item < (list)->items + (list)->nr; ++item)
+			 string_list_each_func_t func, void *cb_data);
 
-/*
- * Apply want to each item in list, retaining only the ones for which
- * the function returns true.  If free_util is true, call free() on
- * the util members of any items that have to be deleted.  Preserve
- * the order of the items that are retained.
- */
-void filter_string_list(struct string_list *list, int free_util,
-			string_list_each_func_t want, void *cb_data);
+/** Iterate over each item, as a macro. */
+#define for_each_string_list_item(item,list)            \
+	for (item = (list)->items;                      \
+	     item && item < (list)->items + (list)->nr; \
+	     ++item)
 
-/*
+/**
  * Remove any empty strings from the list.  If free_util is true, call
  * free() on the util members of any items that have to be deleted.
  * Preserve the order of the items that are retained.
@@ -52,18 +159,34 @@ void filter_string_list(struct string_list *list, int free_util,
 void string_list_remove_empty_items(struct string_list *list, int free_util);
 
 /* Use these functions only on sorted lists: */
+
+/** Determine if the string_list has a given string or not. */
 int string_list_has_string(const struct string_list *list, const char *string);
 int string_list_find_insert_index(const struct string_list *list, const char *string,
 				  int negative_existing_index);
-/*
- * Inserts the given string into the sorted list.
- * If the string already exists, the list is not altered.
- * Returns the string_list_item, the string is part of.
+
+/**
+ * Insert a new element to the string_list. The returned pointer can
+ * be handy if you want to write something to the `util` pointer of
+ * the string_list_item containing the just added string. If the given
+ * string already exists the insertion will be skipped and the pointer
+ * to the existing item returned.
+ *
+ * Since this function uses xrealloc() (which die()s if it fails) if the
+ * list needs to grow, it is safe not to check the pointer. I.e. you may
+ * write `string_list_insert(...)->util = ...;`.
  */
 struct string_list_item *string_list_insert(struct string_list *list, const char *string);
 
-/*
- * Checks if the given string is part of a sorted list. If it is part of the list,
+/**
+ * Remove the given string from the sorted list.  If the string
+ * doesn't exist, the list is not altered.
+ */
+extern void string_list_remove(struct string_list *list, const char *string,
+			       int free_util);
+
+/**
+ * Check if the given string is part of a sorted list. If it is part of the list,
  * return the coresponding string_list_item, NULL otherwise.
  */
 struct string_list_item *string_list_lookup(struct string_list *list, const char *string);
@@ -78,14 +201,14 @@ void string_list_remove_duplicates(struct string_list *sorted_list, int free_uti
 
 /* Use these functions only on unsorted lists: */
 
-/*
+/**
  * Add string to the end of list.  If list->strdup_string is set, then
  * string is copied; otherwise the new string_list_entry refers to the
  * input string.
  */
 struct string_list_item *string_list_append(struct string_list *list, const char *string);
 
-/*
+/**
  * Like string_list_append(), except string is never copied.  When
  * list->strdup_strings is set, this function can be used to hand
  * ownership of a malloc()ed string to list without making an extra
@@ -93,16 +216,34 @@ struct string_list_item *string_list_append(struct string_list *list, const char
  */
 struct string_list_item *string_list_append_nodup(struct string_list *list, char *string);
 
+/**
+ * Sort the list's entries by string value in `strcmp()` order.
+ */
 void string_list_sort(struct string_list *list);
+
+/**
+ * Like `string_list_has_string()` but for unsorted lists. Linear in
+ * size of the list.
+ */
 int unsorted_string_list_has_string(struct string_list *list, const char *string);
+
+/**
+ * Like `string_list_lookup()` but for unsorted lists. Linear in size
+ * of the list.
+ */
 struct string_list_item *unsorted_string_list_lookup(struct string_list *list,
 						     const char *string);
-
+/**
+ * Remove an item from a string_list. The `string` pointer of the
+ * items will be freed in case the `strdup_strings` member of the
+ * string_list is set. The third parameter controls if the `util`
+ * pointer of the items should be freed or not.
+ */
 void unsorted_string_list_delete_item(struct string_list *list, int i, int free_util);
 
-/*
- * Split string into substrings on character delim and append the
- * substrings to list.  The input string is not modified.
+/**
+ * Split string into substrings on character `delim` and append the
+ * substrings to `list`.  The input string is not modified.
  * list->strdup_strings must be set, as new memory needs to be
  * allocated to hold the substrings.  If maxsplit is non-negative,
  * then split at most maxsplit times.  Return the number of substrings
diff --git a/sub-process.c b/sub-process.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8d2a1707cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sub-process.c
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+/*
+ * Generic implementation of background process infrastructure.
+ */
+#include "sub-process.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "pkt-line.h"
+
+int cmd2process_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+		    const void *entry,
+		    const void *entry_or_key,
+		    const void *unused_keydata)
+{
+	const struct subprocess_entry *e1 = entry;
+	const struct subprocess_entry *e2 = entry_or_key;
+
+	return strcmp(e1->cmd, e2->cmd);
+}
+
+struct subprocess_entry *subprocess_find_entry(struct hashmap *hashmap, const char *cmd)
+{
+	struct subprocess_entry key;
+
+	hashmap_entry_init(&key, strhash(cmd));
+	key.cmd = cmd;
+	return hashmap_get(hashmap, &key, NULL);
+}
+
+int subprocess_read_status(int fd, struct strbuf *status)
+{
+	struct strbuf **pair;
+	char *line;
+	int len;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		len = packet_read_line_gently(fd, NULL, &line);
+		if ((len < 0) || !line)
+			break;
+		pair = strbuf_split_str(line, '=', 2);
+		if (pair[0] && pair[0]->len && pair[1]) {
+			/* the last "status=<foo>" line wins */
+			if (!strcmp(pair[0]->buf, "status=")) {
+				strbuf_reset(status);
+				strbuf_addbuf(status, pair[1]);
+			}
+		}
+		strbuf_list_free(pair);
+	}
+
+	return (len < 0) ? len : 0;
+}
+
+void subprocess_stop(struct hashmap *hashmap, struct subprocess_entry *entry)
+{
+	if (!entry)
+		return;
+
+	entry->process.clean_on_exit = 0;
+	kill(entry->process.pid, SIGTERM);
+	finish_command(&entry->process);
+
+	hashmap_remove(hashmap, entry, NULL);
+}
+
+static void subprocess_exit_handler(struct child_process *process)
+{
+	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+	/* Closing the pipe signals the subprocess to initiate a shutdown. */
+	close(process->in);
+	close(process->out);
+	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
+	/* Finish command will wait until the shutdown is complete. */
+	finish_command(process);
+}
+
+int subprocess_start(struct hashmap *hashmap, struct subprocess_entry *entry, const char *cmd,
+	subprocess_start_fn startfn)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct child_process *process;
+
+	entry->cmd = cmd;
+	process = &entry->process;
+
+	child_process_init(process);
+	argv_array_push(&process->args, cmd);
+	process->use_shell = 1;
+	process->in = -1;
+	process->out = -1;
+	process->clean_on_exit = 1;
+	process->clean_on_exit_handler = subprocess_exit_handler;
+
+	err = start_command(process);
+	if (err) {
+		error("cannot fork to run subprocess '%s'", cmd);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	hashmap_entry_init(entry, strhash(cmd));
+
+	err = startfn(entry);
+	if (err) {
+		error("initialization for subprocess '%s' failed", cmd);
+		subprocess_stop(hashmap, entry);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	hashmap_add(hashmap, entry);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int handshake_version(struct child_process *process,
+			     const char *welcome_prefix, int *versions,
+			     int *chosen_version)
+{
+	int version_scratch;
+	int i;
+	char *line;
+	const char *p;
+
+	if (!chosen_version)
+		chosen_version = &version_scratch;
+
+	if (packet_write_fmt_gently(process->in, "%s-client\n",
+				    welcome_prefix))
+		return error("Could not write client identification");
+	for (i = 0; versions[i]; i++) {
+		if (packet_write_fmt_gently(process->in, "version=%d\n",
+					    versions[i]))
+			return error("Could not write requested version");
+	}
+	if (packet_flush_gently(process->in))
+		return error("Could not write flush packet");
+
+	if (!(line = packet_read_line(process->out, NULL)) ||
+	    !skip_prefix(line, welcome_prefix, &p) ||
+	    strcmp(p, "-server"))
+		return error("Unexpected line '%s', expected %s-server",
+			     line ? line : "<flush packet>", welcome_prefix);
+	if (!(line = packet_read_line(process->out, NULL)) ||
+	    !skip_prefix(line, "version=", &p) ||
+	    strtol_i(p, 10, chosen_version))
+		return error("Unexpected line '%s', expected version",
+			     line ? line : "<flush packet>");
+	if ((line = packet_read_line(process->out, NULL)))
+		return error("Unexpected line '%s', expected flush", line);
+
+	/* Check to make sure that the version received is supported */
+	for (i = 0; versions[i]; i++) {
+		if (versions[i] == *chosen_version)
+			break;
+	}
+	if (!versions[i])
+		return error("Version %d not supported", *chosen_version);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int handshake_capabilities(struct child_process *process,
+				  struct subprocess_capability *capabilities,
+				  unsigned int *supported_capabilities)
+{
+	int i;
+	char *line;
+
+	for (i = 0; capabilities[i].name; i++) {
+		if (packet_write_fmt_gently(process->in, "capability=%s\n",
+					    capabilities[i].name))
+			return error("Could not write requested capability");
+	}
+	if (packet_flush_gently(process->in))
+		return error("Could not write flush packet");
+
+	while ((line = packet_read_line(process->out, NULL))) {
+		const char *p;
+		if (!skip_prefix(line, "capability=", &p))
+			continue;
+
+		for (i = 0;
+		     capabilities[i].name && strcmp(p, capabilities[i].name);
+		     i++)
+			;
+		if (capabilities[i].name) {
+			if (supported_capabilities)
+				*supported_capabilities |= capabilities[i].flag;
+		} else {
+			die("subprocess '%s' requested unsupported capability '%s'",
+			    process->argv[0], p);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int subprocess_handshake(struct subprocess_entry *entry,
+			 const char *welcome_prefix,
+			 int *versions,
+			 int *chosen_version,
+			 struct subprocess_capability *capabilities,
+			 unsigned int *supported_capabilities)
+{
+	int retval;
+	struct child_process *process = &entry->process;
+
+	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+
+	retval = handshake_version(process, welcome_prefix, versions,
+				   chosen_version) ||
+		 handshake_capabilities(process, capabilities,
+					supported_capabilities);
+
+	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
+	return retval;
+}
diff --git a/sub-process.h b/sub-process.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..71b18ad5af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sub-process.h
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+#ifndef SUBPROCESS_H
+#define SUBPROCESS_H
+
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "hashmap.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+
+/*
+ * The sub-process API makes it possible to run background sub-processes
+ * for the entire lifetime of a Git invocation. If Git needs to communicate
+ * with an external process multiple times, then this can reduces the process
+ * invocation overhead. Git and the sub-process communicate through stdin and
+ * stdout.
+ *
+ * The sub-processes are kept in a hashmap by command name and looked up
+ * via the subprocess_find_entry function.  If an existing instance can not
+ * be found then a new process should be created and started.  When the
+ * parent git command terminates, all sub-processes are also terminated.
+ *
+ * This API is based on the run-command API.
+ */
+
+ /* data structures */
+
+/* Members should not be accessed directly. */
+struct subprocess_entry {
+	struct hashmap_entry ent; /* must be the first member! */
+	const char *cmd;
+	struct child_process process;
+};
+
+struct subprocess_capability {
+	const char *name;
+
+	/*
+	 * subprocess_handshake will "|=" this value to supported_capabilities
+	 * if the server reports that it supports this capability.
+	 */
+	unsigned int flag;
+};
+
+/* subprocess functions */
+
+/* Function to test two subprocess hashmap entries for equality. */
+extern int cmd2process_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+			   const void *e1,
+			   const void *e2,
+			   const void *unused_keydata);
+
+/*
+ * User-supplied function to initialize the sub-process.  This is
+ * typically used to negotiate the interface version and capabilities.
+ */
+typedef int(*subprocess_start_fn)(struct subprocess_entry *entry);
+
+/* Start a subprocess and add it to the subprocess hashmap. */
+int subprocess_start(struct hashmap *hashmap, struct subprocess_entry *entry, const char *cmd,
+		subprocess_start_fn startfn);
+
+/* Kill a subprocess and remove it from the subprocess hashmap. */
+void subprocess_stop(struct hashmap *hashmap, struct subprocess_entry *entry);
+
+/* Find a subprocess in the subprocess hashmap. */
+struct subprocess_entry *subprocess_find_entry(struct hashmap *hashmap, const char *cmd);
+
+/* subprocess helper functions */
+
+/* Get the underlying `struct child_process` from a subprocess. */
+static inline struct child_process *subprocess_get_child_process(
+		struct subprocess_entry *entry)
+{
+	return &entry->process;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Perform the version and capability negotiation as described in the
+ * "Handshake" section of long-running-process-protocol.txt using the
+ * given requested versions and capabilities. The "versions" and "capabilities"
+ * parameters are arrays terminated by a 0 or blank struct.
+ *
+ * This function is typically called when a subprocess is started (as part of
+ * the "startfn" passed to subprocess_start).
+ */
+int subprocess_handshake(struct subprocess_entry *entry,
+			 const char *welcome_prefix,
+			 int *versions,
+			 int *chosen_version,
+			 struct subprocess_capability *capabilities,
+			 unsigned int *supported_capabilities);
+
+/*
+ * Helper function that will read packets looking for "status=<foo>"
+ * key/value pairs and return the value from the last "status" packet
+ */
+
+int subprocess_read_status(int fd, struct strbuf *status);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/submodule-config.c b/submodule-config.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fc2c41b947
--- /dev/null
+++ b/submodule-config.c
@@ -0,0 +1,725 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+/*
+ * submodule cache lookup structure
+ * There is one shared set of 'struct submodule' entries which can be
+ * looked up by their sha1 blob id of the .gitmodules file and either
+ * using path or name as key.
+ * for_path stores submodule entries with path as key
+ * for_name stores submodule entries with name as key
+ */
+struct submodule_cache {
+	struct hashmap for_path;
+	struct hashmap for_name;
+	unsigned initialized:1;
+	unsigned gitmodules_read:1;
+};
+
+/*
+ * thin wrapper struct needed to insert 'struct submodule' entries to
+ * the hashmap
+ */
+struct submodule_entry {
+	struct hashmap_entry ent;
+	struct submodule *config;
+};
+
+enum lookup_type {
+	lookup_name,
+	lookup_path
+};
+
+static int config_path_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+			   const void *entry,
+			   const void *entry_or_key,
+			   const void *unused_keydata)
+{
+	const struct submodule_entry *a = entry;
+	const struct submodule_entry *b = entry_or_key;
+
+	return strcmp(a->config->path, b->config->path) ||
+	       oidcmp(&a->config->gitmodules_oid, &b->config->gitmodules_oid);
+}
+
+static int config_name_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+			   const void *entry,
+			   const void *entry_or_key,
+			   const void *unused_keydata)
+{
+	const struct submodule_entry *a = entry;
+	const struct submodule_entry *b = entry_or_key;
+
+	return strcmp(a->config->name, b->config->name) ||
+	       oidcmp(&a->config->gitmodules_oid, &b->config->gitmodules_oid);
+}
+
+static struct submodule_cache *submodule_cache_alloc(void)
+{
+	return xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct submodule_cache));
+}
+
+static void submodule_cache_init(struct submodule_cache *cache)
+{
+	hashmap_init(&cache->for_path, config_path_cmp, NULL, 0);
+	hashmap_init(&cache->for_name, config_name_cmp, NULL, 0);
+	cache->initialized = 1;
+}
+
+static void free_one_config(struct submodule_entry *entry)
+{
+	free((void *) entry->config->path);
+	free((void *) entry->config->name);
+	free((void *) entry->config->branch);
+	free((void *) entry->config->update_strategy.command);
+	free(entry->config);
+}
+
+static void submodule_cache_clear(struct submodule_cache *cache)
+{
+	struct hashmap_iter iter;
+	struct submodule_entry *entry;
+
+	if (!cache->initialized)
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * We iterate over the name hash here to be symmetric with the
+	 * allocation of struct submodule entries. Each is allocated by
+	 * their .gitmodules blob sha1 and submodule name.
+	 */
+	hashmap_iter_init(&cache->for_name, &iter);
+	while ((entry = hashmap_iter_next(&iter)))
+		free_one_config(entry);
+
+	hashmap_free(&cache->for_path, 1);
+	hashmap_free(&cache->for_name, 1);
+	cache->initialized = 0;
+	cache->gitmodules_read = 0;
+}
+
+void submodule_cache_free(struct submodule_cache *cache)
+{
+	submodule_cache_clear(cache);
+	free(cache);
+}
+
+static unsigned int hash_oid_string(const struct object_id *oid,
+				    const char *string)
+{
+	return memhash(oid->hash, the_hash_algo->rawsz) + strhash(string);
+}
+
+static void cache_put_path(struct submodule_cache *cache,
+			   struct submodule *submodule)
+{
+	unsigned int hash = hash_oid_string(&submodule->gitmodules_oid,
+					    submodule->path);
+	struct submodule_entry *e = xmalloc(sizeof(*e));
+	hashmap_entry_init(e, hash);
+	e->config = submodule;
+	hashmap_put(&cache->for_path, e);
+}
+
+static void cache_remove_path(struct submodule_cache *cache,
+			      struct submodule *submodule)
+{
+	unsigned int hash = hash_oid_string(&submodule->gitmodules_oid,
+					    submodule->path);
+	struct submodule_entry e;
+	struct submodule_entry *removed;
+	hashmap_entry_init(&e, hash);
+	e.config = submodule;
+	removed = hashmap_remove(&cache->for_path, &e, NULL);
+	free(removed);
+}
+
+static void cache_add(struct submodule_cache *cache,
+		      struct submodule *submodule)
+{
+	unsigned int hash = hash_oid_string(&submodule->gitmodules_oid,
+					    submodule->name);
+	struct submodule_entry *e = xmalloc(sizeof(*e));
+	hashmap_entry_init(e, hash);
+	e->config = submodule;
+	hashmap_add(&cache->for_name, e);
+}
+
+static const struct submodule *cache_lookup_path(struct submodule_cache *cache,
+		const struct object_id *gitmodules_oid, const char *path)
+{
+	struct submodule_entry *entry;
+	unsigned int hash = hash_oid_string(gitmodules_oid, path);
+	struct submodule_entry key;
+	struct submodule key_config;
+
+	oidcpy(&key_config.gitmodules_oid, gitmodules_oid);
+	key_config.path = path;
+
+	hashmap_entry_init(&key, hash);
+	key.config = &key_config;
+
+	entry = hashmap_get(&cache->for_path, &key, NULL);
+	if (entry)
+		return entry->config;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct submodule *cache_lookup_name(struct submodule_cache *cache,
+		const struct object_id *gitmodules_oid, const char *name)
+{
+	struct submodule_entry *entry;
+	unsigned int hash = hash_oid_string(gitmodules_oid, name);
+	struct submodule_entry key;
+	struct submodule key_config;
+
+	oidcpy(&key_config.gitmodules_oid, gitmodules_oid);
+	key_config.name = name;
+
+	hashmap_entry_init(&key, hash);
+	key.config = &key_config;
+
+	entry = hashmap_get(&cache->for_name, &key, NULL);
+	if (entry)
+		return entry->config;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+int check_submodule_name(const char *name)
+{
+	/* Disallow empty names */
+	if (!*name)
+		return -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Look for '..' as a path component. Check both '/' and '\\' as
+	 * separators rather than is_dir_sep(), because we want the name rules
+	 * to be consistent across platforms.
+	 */
+	goto in_component; /* always start inside component */
+	while (*name) {
+		char c = *name++;
+		if (c == '/' || c == '\\') {
+in_component:
+			if (name[0] == '.' && name[1] == '.' &&
+			    (!name[2] || name[2] == '/' || name[2] == '\\'))
+				return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int name_and_item_from_var(const char *var, struct strbuf *name,
+				  struct strbuf *item)
+{
+	const char *subsection, *key;
+	int subsection_len, parse;
+	parse = parse_config_key(var, "submodule", &subsection,
+			&subsection_len, &key);
+	if (parse < 0 || !subsection)
+		return 0;
+
+	strbuf_add(name, subsection, subsection_len);
+	if (check_submodule_name(name->buf) < 0) {
+		warning(_("ignoring suspicious submodule name: %s"), name->buf);
+		strbuf_release(name);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addstr(item, key);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static struct submodule *lookup_or_create_by_name(struct submodule_cache *cache,
+		const struct object_id *gitmodules_oid, const char *name)
+{
+	struct submodule *submodule;
+	struct strbuf name_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	submodule = cache_lookup_name(cache, gitmodules_oid, name);
+	if (submodule)
+		return submodule;
+
+	submodule = xmalloc(sizeof(*submodule));
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&name_buf, name);
+	submodule->name = strbuf_detach(&name_buf, NULL);
+
+	submodule->path = NULL;
+	submodule->url = NULL;
+	submodule->update_strategy.type = SM_UPDATE_UNSPECIFIED;
+	submodule->update_strategy.command = NULL;
+	submodule->fetch_recurse = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_NONE;
+	submodule->ignore = NULL;
+	submodule->branch = NULL;
+	submodule->recommend_shallow = -1;
+
+	oidcpy(&submodule->gitmodules_oid, gitmodules_oid);
+
+	cache_add(cache, submodule);
+
+	return submodule;
+}
+
+static int parse_fetch_recurse(const char *opt, const char *arg,
+			       int die_on_error)
+{
+	switch (git_parse_maybe_bool(arg)) {
+	case 1:
+		return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON;
+	case 0:
+		return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
+	default:
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "on-demand"))
+			return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND;
+
+		if (die_on_error)
+			die("bad %s argument: %s", opt, arg);
+		else
+			return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ERROR;
+	}
+}
+
+int parse_submodule_fetchjobs(const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	int fetchjobs = git_config_int(var, value);
+	if (fetchjobs < 0)
+		die(_("negative values not allowed for submodule.fetchjobs"));
+	return fetchjobs;
+}
+
+int parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg)
+{
+	return parse_fetch_recurse(opt, arg, 1);
+}
+
+int option_fetch_parse_recurse_submodules(const struct option *opt,
+					  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	int *v;
+
+	if (!opt->value)
+		return -1;
+
+	v = opt->value;
+
+	if (unset) {
+		*v = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
+	} else {
+		if (arg)
+			*v = parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(opt->long_name, arg);
+		else
+			*v = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int parse_update_recurse(const char *opt, const char *arg,
+				int die_on_error)
+{
+	switch (git_parse_maybe_bool(arg)) {
+	case 1:
+		return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON;
+	case 0:
+		return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
+	default:
+		if (die_on_error)
+			die("bad %s argument: %s", opt, arg);
+		return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ERROR;
+	}
+}
+
+int parse_update_recurse_submodules_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg)
+{
+	return parse_update_recurse(opt, arg, 1);
+}
+
+static int parse_push_recurse(const char *opt, const char *arg,
+			       int die_on_error)
+{
+	switch (git_parse_maybe_bool(arg)) {
+	case 1:
+		/* There's no simple "on" value when pushing */
+		if (die_on_error)
+			die("bad %s argument: %s", opt, arg);
+		else
+			return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ERROR;
+	case 0:
+		return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
+	default:
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "on-demand"))
+			return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND;
+		else if (!strcmp(arg, "check"))
+			return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK;
+		else if (!strcmp(arg, "only"))
+			return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ONLY;
+		else if (die_on_error)
+			die("bad %s argument: %s", opt, arg);
+		else
+			return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ERROR;
+	}
+}
+
+int parse_push_recurse_submodules_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg)
+{
+	return parse_push_recurse(opt, arg, 1);
+}
+
+static void warn_multiple_config(const struct object_id *treeish_name,
+				 const char *name, const char *option)
+{
+	const char *commit_string = "WORKTREE";
+	if (treeish_name)
+		commit_string = oid_to_hex(treeish_name);
+	warning("%s:.gitmodules, multiple configurations found for "
+			"'submodule.%s.%s'. Skipping second one!",
+			commit_string, name, option);
+}
+
+struct parse_config_parameter {
+	struct submodule_cache *cache;
+	const struct object_id *treeish_name;
+	const struct object_id *gitmodules_oid;
+	int overwrite;
+};
+
+static int parse_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
+{
+	struct parse_config_parameter *me = data;
+	struct submodule *submodule;
+	struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT, item = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	/* this also ensures that we only parse submodule entries */
+	if (!name_and_item_from_var(var, &name, &item))
+		return 0;
+
+	submodule = lookup_or_create_by_name(me->cache,
+					     me->gitmodules_oid,
+					     name.buf);
+
+	if (!strcmp(item.buf, "path")) {
+		if (!value)
+			ret = config_error_nonbool(var);
+		else if (!me->overwrite && submodule->path)
+			warn_multiple_config(me->treeish_name, submodule->name,
+					"path");
+		else {
+			if (submodule->path)
+				cache_remove_path(me->cache, submodule);
+			free((void *) submodule->path);
+			submodule->path = xstrdup(value);
+			cache_put_path(me->cache, submodule);
+		}
+	} else if (!strcmp(item.buf, "fetchrecursesubmodules")) {
+		/* when parsing worktree configurations we can die early */
+		int die_on_error = is_null_oid(me->gitmodules_oid);
+		if (!me->overwrite &&
+		    submodule->fetch_recurse != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_NONE)
+			warn_multiple_config(me->treeish_name, submodule->name,
+					"fetchrecursesubmodules");
+		else
+			submodule->fetch_recurse = parse_fetch_recurse(
+								var, value,
+								die_on_error);
+	} else if (!strcmp(item.buf, "ignore")) {
+		if (!value)
+			ret = config_error_nonbool(var);
+		else if (!me->overwrite && submodule->ignore)
+			warn_multiple_config(me->treeish_name, submodule->name,
+					"ignore");
+		else if (strcmp(value, "untracked") &&
+			 strcmp(value, "dirty") &&
+			 strcmp(value, "all") &&
+			 strcmp(value, "none"))
+			warning("Invalid parameter '%s' for config option "
+					"'submodule.%s.ignore'", value, name.buf);
+		else {
+			free((void *) submodule->ignore);
+			submodule->ignore = xstrdup(value);
+		}
+	} else if (!strcmp(item.buf, "url")) {
+		if (!value) {
+			ret = config_error_nonbool(var);
+		} else if (!me->overwrite && submodule->url) {
+			warn_multiple_config(me->treeish_name, submodule->name,
+					"url");
+		} else {
+			free((void *) submodule->url);
+			submodule->url = xstrdup(value);
+		}
+	} else if (!strcmp(item.buf, "update")) {
+		if (!value)
+			ret = config_error_nonbool(var);
+		else if (!me->overwrite &&
+			 submodule->update_strategy.type != SM_UPDATE_UNSPECIFIED)
+			warn_multiple_config(me->treeish_name, submodule->name,
+					     "update");
+		else if (parse_submodule_update_strategy(value,
+			 &submodule->update_strategy) < 0)
+				die(_("invalid value for %s"), var);
+	} else if (!strcmp(item.buf, "shallow")) {
+		if (!me->overwrite && submodule->recommend_shallow != -1)
+			warn_multiple_config(me->treeish_name, submodule->name,
+					     "shallow");
+		else
+			submodule->recommend_shallow =
+				git_config_bool(var, value);
+	} else if (!strcmp(item.buf, "branch")) {
+		if (!me->overwrite && submodule->branch)
+			warn_multiple_config(me->treeish_name, submodule->name,
+					     "branch");
+		else {
+			free((void *)submodule->branch);
+			submodule->branch = xstrdup(value);
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&name);
+	strbuf_release(&item);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int gitmodule_oid_from_commit(const struct object_id *treeish_name,
+				     struct object_id *gitmodules_oid,
+				     struct strbuf *rev)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (is_null_oid(treeish_name)) {
+		oidclr(gitmodules_oid);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addf(rev, "%s:.gitmodules", oid_to_hex(treeish_name));
+	if (get_oid(rev->buf, gitmodules_oid) >= 0)
+		ret = 1;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/* This does a lookup of a submodule configuration by name or by path
+ * (key) with on-demand reading of the appropriate .gitmodules from
+ * revisions.
+ */
+static const struct submodule *config_from(struct submodule_cache *cache,
+		const struct object_id *treeish_name, const char *key,
+		enum lookup_type lookup_type)
+{
+	struct strbuf rev = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned long config_size;
+	char *config = NULL;
+	struct object_id oid;
+	enum object_type type;
+	const struct submodule *submodule = NULL;
+	struct parse_config_parameter parameter;
+
+	/*
+	 * If any parameter except the cache is a NULL pointer just
+	 * return the first submodule. Can be used to check whether
+	 * there are any submodules parsed.
+	 */
+	if (!treeish_name || !key) {
+		struct hashmap_iter iter;
+		struct submodule_entry *entry;
+
+		entry = hashmap_iter_first(&cache->for_name, &iter);
+		if (!entry)
+			return NULL;
+		return entry->config;
+	}
+
+	if (!gitmodule_oid_from_commit(treeish_name, &oid, &rev))
+		goto out;
+
+	switch (lookup_type) {
+	case lookup_name:
+		submodule = cache_lookup_name(cache, &oid, key);
+		break;
+	case lookup_path:
+		submodule = cache_lookup_path(cache, &oid, key);
+		break;
+	}
+	if (submodule)
+		goto out;
+
+	config = read_object_file(&oid, &type, &config_size);
+	if (!config || type != OBJ_BLOB)
+		goto out;
+
+	/* fill the submodule config into the cache */
+	parameter.cache = cache;
+	parameter.treeish_name = treeish_name;
+	parameter.gitmodules_oid = &oid;
+	parameter.overwrite = 0;
+	git_config_from_mem(parse_config, CONFIG_ORIGIN_SUBMODULE_BLOB, rev.buf,
+			config, config_size, &parameter, NULL);
+	strbuf_release(&rev);
+	free(config);
+
+	switch (lookup_type) {
+	case lookup_name:
+		return cache_lookup_name(cache, &oid, key);
+	case lookup_path:
+		return cache_lookup_path(cache, &oid, key);
+	default:
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+out:
+	strbuf_release(&rev);
+	free(config);
+	return submodule;
+}
+
+static void submodule_cache_check_init(struct repository *repo)
+{
+	if (repo->submodule_cache && repo->submodule_cache->initialized)
+		return;
+
+	if (!repo->submodule_cache)
+		repo->submodule_cache = submodule_cache_alloc();
+
+	submodule_cache_init(repo->submodule_cache);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Note: This function is private for a reason, the '.gitmodules' file should
+ * not be used as as a mechanism to retrieve arbitrary configuration stored in
+ * the repository.
+ *
+ * Runs the provided config function on the '.gitmodules' file found in the
+ * working directory.
+ */
+static void config_from_gitmodules(config_fn_t fn, struct repository *repo, void *data)
+{
+	if (repo->worktree) {
+		char *file = repo_worktree_path(repo, GITMODULES_FILE);
+		git_config_from_file(fn, file, data);
+		free(file);
+	}
+}
+
+static int gitmodules_cb(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
+{
+	struct repository *repo = data;
+	struct parse_config_parameter parameter;
+
+	parameter.cache = repo->submodule_cache;
+	parameter.treeish_name = NULL;
+	parameter.gitmodules_oid = &null_oid;
+	parameter.overwrite = 1;
+
+	return parse_config(var, value, &parameter);
+}
+
+void repo_read_gitmodules(struct repository *repo)
+{
+	submodule_cache_check_init(repo);
+
+	if (repo_read_index(repo) < 0)
+		return;
+
+	if (!is_gitmodules_unmerged(repo->index))
+		config_from_gitmodules(gitmodules_cb, repo, repo);
+
+	repo->submodule_cache->gitmodules_read = 1;
+}
+
+void gitmodules_config_oid(const struct object_id *commit_oid)
+{
+	struct strbuf rev = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct object_id oid;
+
+	submodule_cache_check_init(the_repository);
+
+	if (gitmodule_oid_from_commit(commit_oid, &oid, &rev)) {
+		git_config_from_blob_oid(gitmodules_cb, rev.buf,
+					 &oid, the_repository);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&rev);
+
+	the_repository->submodule_cache->gitmodules_read = 1;
+}
+
+static void gitmodules_read_check(struct repository *repo)
+{
+	submodule_cache_check_init(repo);
+
+	/* read the repo's .gitmodules file if it hasn't been already */
+	if (!repo->submodule_cache->gitmodules_read)
+		repo_read_gitmodules(repo);
+}
+
+const struct submodule *submodule_from_name(struct repository *r,
+					    const struct object_id *treeish_name,
+		const char *name)
+{
+	gitmodules_read_check(r);
+	return config_from(r->submodule_cache, treeish_name, name, lookup_name);
+}
+
+const struct submodule *submodule_from_path(struct repository *r,
+					    const struct object_id *treeish_name,
+		const char *path)
+{
+	gitmodules_read_check(r);
+	return config_from(r->submodule_cache, treeish_name, path, lookup_path);
+}
+
+void submodule_free(struct repository *r)
+{
+	if (r->submodule_cache)
+		submodule_cache_clear(r->submodule_cache);
+}
+
+struct fetch_config {
+	int *max_children;
+	int *recurse_submodules;
+};
+
+static int gitmodules_fetch_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	struct fetch_config *config = cb;
+	if (!strcmp(var, "submodule.fetchjobs")) {
+		*(config->max_children) = parse_submodule_fetchjobs(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(var, "fetch.recursesubmodules")) {
+		*(config->recurse_submodules) = parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void fetch_config_from_gitmodules(int *max_children, int *recurse_submodules)
+{
+	struct fetch_config config = {
+		.max_children = max_children,
+		.recurse_submodules = recurse_submodules
+	};
+	config_from_gitmodules(gitmodules_fetch_config, the_repository, &config);
+}
+
+static int gitmodules_update_clone_config(const char *var, const char *value,
+					  void *cb)
+{
+	int *max_jobs = cb;
+	if (!strcmp(var, "submodule.fetchjobs"))
+		*max_jobs = parse_submodule_fetchjobs(var, value);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void update_clone_config_from_gitmodules(int *max_jobs)
+{
+	config_from_gitmodules(gitmodules_update_clone_config, the_repository, &max_jobs);
+}
diff --git a/submodule-config.h b/submodule-config.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dc7278eea4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/submodule-config.h
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+#ifndef SUBMODULE_CONFIG_CACHE_H
+#define SUBMODULE_CONFIG_CACHE_H
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "hashmap.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+/*
+ * Submodule entry containing the information about a certain submodule
+ * in a certain revision.
+ */
+struct submodule {
+	const char *path;
+	const char *name;
+	const char *url;
+	int fetch_recurse;
+	const char *ignore;
+	const char *branch;
+	struct submodule_update_strategy update_strategy;
+	/* the object id of the responsible .gitmodules file */
+	struct object_id gitmodules_oid;
+	int recommend_shallow;
+};
+
+#define SUBMODULE_INIT { NULL, NULL, NULL, RECURSE_SUBMODULES_NONE, \
+	NULL, NULL, SUBMODULE_UPDATE_STRATEGY_INIT, { { 0 } }, -1 };
+
+struct submodule_cache;
+struct repository;
+
+extern void submodule_cache_free(struct submodule_cache *cache);
+
+extern int parse_submodule_fetchjobs(const char *var, const char *value);
+extern int parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg);
+struct option;
+extern int option_fetch_parse_recurse_submodules(const struct option *opt,
+						 const char *arg, int unset);
+extern int parse_update_recurse_submodules_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg);
+extern int parse_push_recurse_submodules_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg);
+extern void repo_read_gitmodules(struct repository *repo);
+extern void gitmodules_config_oid(const struct object_id *commit_oid);
+const struct submodule *submodule_from_name(struct repository *r,
+					    const struct object_id *commit_or_tree,
+					    const char *name);
+const struct submodule *submodule_from_path(struct repository *r,
+					    const struct object_id *commit_or_tree,
+					    const char *path);
+void submodule_free(struct repository *r);
+
+/*
+ * Returns 0 if the name is syntactically acceptable as a submodule "name"
+ * (e.g., that may be found in the subsection of a .gitmodules file) and -1
+ * otherwise.
+ */
+int check_submodule_name(const char *name);
+
+/*
+ * Note: these helper functions exist solely to maintain backward
+ * compatibility with 'fetch' and 'update_clone' storing configuration in
+ * '.gitmodules'.
+ *
+ * New helpers to retrieve arbitrary configuration from the '.gitmodules' file
+ * should NOT be added.
+ */
+extern void fetch_config_from_gitmodules(int *max_children, int *recurse_submodules);
+extern void update_clone_config_from_gitmodules(int *max_jobs);
+
+#endif /* SUBMODULE_CONFIG_H */
diff --git a/submodule.c b/submodule.c
index d37d400b22..50cbf5f13e 100644
--- a/submodule.c
+++ b/submodule.c
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
+#define NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
+
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "diff.h"
@@ -11,40 +16,68 @@
 #include "sha1-array.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
 #include "blob.h"
-
-static struct string_list config_name_for_path;
-static struct string_list config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name;
-static struct string_list config_ignore_for_name;
-static int config_fetch_recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND;
-static struct string_list changed_submodule_paths;
+#include "thread-utils.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "worktree.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+
+static int config_update_recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
+static struct string_list changed_submodule_names = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 static int initialized_fetch_ref_tips;
-static struct sha1_array ref_tips_before_fetch;
-static struct sha1_array ref_tips_after_fetch;
+static struct oid_array ref_tips_before_fetch;
+static struct oid_array ref_tips_after_fetch;
 
 /*
- * The following flag is set if the .gitmodules file is unmerged. We then
- * disable recursion for all submodules where .git/config doesn't have a
- * matching config entry because we can't guess what might be configured in
- * .gitmodules unless the user resolves the conflict. When a command line
- * option is given (which always overrides configuration) this flag will be
- * ignored.
+ * Check if the .gitmodules file is unmerged. Parsing of the .gitmodules file
+ * will be disabled because we can't guess what might be configured in
+ * .gitmodules unless the user resolves the conflict.
  */
-static int gitmodules_is_unmerged;
+int is_gitmodules_unmerged(const struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	int pos = index_name_pos(istate, GITMODULES_FILE, strlen(GITMODULES_FILE));
+	if (pos < 0) { /* .gitmodules not found or isn't merged */
+		pos = -1 - pos;
+		if (istate->cache_nr > pos) {  /* there is a .gitmodules */
+			const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
+			if (ce_namelen(ce) == strlen(GITMODULES_FILE) &&
+			    !strcmp(ce->name, GITMODULES_FILE))
+				return 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
 
 /*
- * This flag is set if the .gitmodules file had unstaged modifications on
- * startup. This must be checked before allowing modifications to the
- * .gitmodules file with the intention to stage them later, because when
- * continuing we would stage the modifications the user didn't stage herself
- * too. That might change in a future version when we learn to stage the
- * changes we do ourselves without staging any previous modifications.
+ * Check if the .gitmodules file has unstaged modifications.  This must be
+ * checked before allowing modifications to the .gitmodules file with the
+ * intention to stage them later, because when continuing we would stage the
+ * modifications the user didn't stage herself too. That might change in a
+ * future version when we learn to stage the changes we do ourselves without
+ * staging any previous modifications.
  */
-static int gitmodules_is_modified;
+int is_staging_gitmodules_ok(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	int pos = index_name_pos(istate, GITMODULES_FILE, strlen(GITMODULES_FILE));
 
+	if ((pos >= 0) && (pos < istate->cache_nr)) {
+		struct stat st;
+		if (lstat(GITMODULES_FILE, &st) == 0 &&
+		    ie_match_stat(istate, istate->cache[pos], &st,
+				  CE_MATCH_IGNORE_FSMONITOR) & DATA_CHANGED)
+			return 0;
+	}
 
-int is_staging_gitmodules_ok(void)
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int for_each_remote_ref_submodule(const char *submodule,
+					 each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return !gitmodules_is_modified;
+	return refs_for_each_remote_ref(get_submodule_ref_store(submodule),
+					fn, cb_data);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -55,23 +88,23 @@ int is_staging_gitmodules_ok(void)
 int update_path_in_gitmodules(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
 {
 	struct strbuf entry = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct string_list_item *path_option;
+	const struct submodule *submodule;
 
-	if (!file_exists(".gitmodules")) /* Do nothing without .gitmodules */
+	if (!file_exists(GITMODULES_FILE)) /* Do nothing without .gitmodules */
 		return -1;
 
-	if (gitmodules_is_unmerged)
+	if (is_gitmodules_unmerged(the_repository->index))
 		die(_("Cannot change unmerged .gitmodules, resolve merge conflicts first"));
 
-	path_option = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_name_for_path, oldpath);
-	if (!path_option) {
+	submodule = submodule_from_path(the_repository, &null_oid, oldpath);
+	if (!submodule || !submodule->name) {
 		warning(_("Could not find section in .gitmodules where path=%s"), oldpath);
 		return -1;
 	}
 	strbuf_addstr(&entry, "submodule.");
-	strbuf_addstr(&entry, path_option->util);
+	strbuf_addstr(&entry, submodule->name);
 	strbuf_addstr(&entry, ".path");
-	if (git_config_set_in_file(".gitmodules", entry.buf, newpath) < 0) {
+	if (git_config_set_in_file_gently(GITMODULES_FILE, entry.buf, newpath) < 0) {
 		/* Maybe the user already did that, don't error out here */
 		warning(_("Could not update .gitmodules entry %s"), entry.buf);
 		strbuf_release(&entry);
@@ -89,22 +122,22 @@ int update_path_in_gitmodules(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
 int remove_path_from_gitmodules(const char *path)
 {
 	struct strbuf sect = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct string_list_item *path_option;
+	const struct submodule *submodule;
 
-	if (!file_exists(".gitmodules")) /* Do nothing without .gitmodules */
+	if (!file_exists(GITMODULES_FILE)) /* Do nothing without .gitmodules */
 		return -1;
 
-	if (gitmodules_is_unmerged)
+	if (is_gitmodules_unmerged(the_repository->index))
 		die(_("Cannot change unmerged .gitmodules, resolve merge conflicts first"));
 
-	path_option = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_name_for_path, path);
-	if (!path_option) {
+	submodule = submodule_from_path(the_repository, &null_oid, path);
+	if (!submodule || !submodule->name) {
 		warning(_("Could not find section in .gitmodules where path=%s"), path);
 		return -1;
 	}
 	strbuf_addstr(&sect, "submodule.");
-	strbuf_addstr(&sect, path_option->util);
-	if (git_config_rename_section_in_file(".gitmodules", sect.buf, NULL) < 0) {
+	strbuf_addstr(&sect, submodule->name);
+	if (git_config_rename_section_in_file(GITMODULES_FILE, sect.buf, NULL) < 0) {
 		/* Maybe the user already did that, don't error out here */
 		warning(_("Could not remove .gitmodules entry for %s"), path);
 		strbuf_release(&sect);
@@ -114,49 +147,26 @@ int remove_path_from_gitmodules(const char *path)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void stage_updated_gitmodules(void)
+void stage_updated_gitmodules(struct index_state *istate)
 {
-	if (add_file_to_cache(".gitmodules", 0))
+	if (add_file_to_index(istate, GITMODULES_FILE, 0))
 		die(_("staging updated .gitmodules failed"));
 }
 
-static int add_submodule_odb(const char *path)
+/* TODO: remove this function, use repo_submodule_init instead. */
+int add_submodule_odb(const char *path)
 {
 	struct strbuf objects_directory = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct alternate_object_database *alt_odb;
 	int ret = 0;
-	const char *git_dir;
 
-	strbuf_addf(&objects_directory, "%s/.git", path);
-	git_dir = read_gitfile(objects_directory.buf);
-	if (git_dir) {
-		strbuf_reset(&objects_directory);
-		strbuf_addstr(&objects_directory, git_dir);
-	}
-	strbuf_addstr(&objects_directory, "/objects/");
+	ret = strbuf_git_path_submodule(&objects_directory, path, "objects/");
+	if (ret)
+		goto done;
 	if (!is_directory(objects_directory.buf)) {
 		ret = -1;
 		goto done;
 	}
-	/* avoid adding it twice */
-	for (alt_odb = alt_odb_list; alt_odb; alt_odb = alt_odb->next)
-		if (alt_odb->name - alt_odb->base == objects_directory.len &&
-				!strncmp(alt_odb->base, objects_directory.buf,
-					objects_directory.len))
-			goto done;
-
-	alt_odb = xmalloc(objects_directory.len + 42 + sizeof(*alt_odb));
-	alt_odb->next = alt_odb_list;
-	strcpy(alt_odb->base, objects_directory.buf);
-	alt_odb->name = alt_odb->base + objects_directory.len;
-	alt_odb->name[2] = '/';
-	alt_odb->name[40] = '\0';
-	alt_odb->name[41] = '\0';
-	alt_odb_list = alt_odb;
-
-	/* add possible alternates from the submodule */
-	read_info_alternates(objects_directory.buf, 0);
-	prepare_alt_odb();
+	add_to_alternates_memory(objects_directory.buf);
 done:
 	strbuf_release(&objects_directory);
 	return ret;
@@ -165,134 +175,258 @@ done:
 void set_diffopt_flags_from_submodule_config(struct diff_options *diffopt,
 					     const char *path)
 {
-	struct string_list_item *path_option, *ignore_option;
-	path_option = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_name_for_path, path);
-	if (path_option) {
-		ignore_option = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_ignore_for_name, path_option->util);
-		if (ignore_option)
-			handle_ignore_submodules_arg(diffopt, ignore_option->util);
-		else if (gitmodules_is_unmerged)
-			DIFF_OPT_SET(diffopt, IGNORE_SUBMODULES);
+	const struct submodule *submodule = submodule_from_path(the_repository,
+								&null_oid, path);
+	if (submodule) {
+		const char *ignore;
+		char *key;
+
+		key = xstrfmt("submodule.%s.ignore", submodule->name);
+		if (repo_config_get_string_const(the_repository, key, &ignore))
+			ignore = submodule->ignore;
+		free(key);
+
+		if (ignore)
+			handle_ignore_submodules_arg(diffopt, ignore);
+		else if (is_gitmodules_unmerged(the_repository->index))
+			diffopt->flags.ignore_submodules = 1;
+	}
+}
+
+/* Cheap function that only determines if we're interested in submodules at all */
+int git_default_submodule_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "submodule.recurse")) {
+		int v = git_config_bool(var, value) ?
+			RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON : RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
+		config_update_recurse_submodules = v;
 	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
-int submodule_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+int option_parse_recurse_submodules_worktree_updater(const struct option *opt,
+						     const char *arg, int unset)
 {
-	if (starts_with(var, "submodule."))
-		return parse_submodule_config_option(var, value);
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "fetch.recursesubmodules")) {
-		config_fetch_recurse_submodules = parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(var, value);
+	if (unset) {
+		config_update_recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (arg)
+		config_update_recurse_submodules =
+			parse_update_recurse_submodules_arg(opt->long_name,
+							    arg);
+	else
+		config_update_recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON;
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void gitmodules_config(void)
+/*
+ * Determine if a submodule has been initialized at a given 'path'
+ */
+int is_submodule_active(struct repository *repo, const char *path)
 {
-	const char *work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
-	if (work_tree) {
-		struct strbuf gitmodules_path = STRBUF_INIT;
-		int pos;
-		strbuf_addstr(&gitmodules_path, work_tree);
-		strbuf_addstr(&gitmodules_path, "/.gitmodules");
-		if (read_cache() < 0)
-			die("index file corrupt");
-		pos = cache_name_pos(".gitmodules", 11);
-		if (pos < 0) { /* .gitmodules not found or isn't merged */
-			pos = -1 - pos;
-			if (active_nr > pos) {  /* there is a .gitmodules */
-				const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
-				if (ce_namelen(ce) == 11 &&
-				    !memcmp(ce->name, ".gitmodules", 11))
-					gitmodules_is_unmerged = 1;
-			}
-		} else if (pos < active_nr) {
-			struct stat st;
-			if (lstat(".gitmodules", &st) == 0 &&
-			    ce_match_stat(active_cache[pos], &st, 0) & DATA_CHANGED)
-				gitmodules_is_modified = 1;
+	int ret = 0;
+	char *key = NULL;
+	char *value = NULL;
+	const struct string_list *sl;
+	const struct submodule *module;
+
+	module = submodule_from_path(repo, &null_oid, path);
+
+	/* early return if there isn't a path->module mapping */
+	if (!module)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* submodule.<name>.active is set */
+	key = xstrfmt("submodule.%s.active", module->name);
+	if (!repo_config_get_bool(repo, key, &ret)) {
+		free(key);
+		return ret;
+	}
+	free(key);
+
+	/* submodule.active is set */
+	sl = repo_config_get_value_multi(repo, "submodule.active");
+	if (sl) {
+		struct pathspec ps;
+		struct argv_array args = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+		const struct string_list_item *item;
+
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, sl) {
+			argv_array_push(&args, item->string);
 		}
 
-		if (!gitmodules_is_unmerged)
-			git_config_from_file(submodule_config, gitmodules_path.buf, NULL);
-		strbuf_release(&gitmodules_path);
+		parse_pathspec(&ps, 0, 0, NULL, args.argv);
+		ret = match_pathspec(repo->index, &ps, path, strlen(path), 0, NULL, 1);
+
+		argv_array_clear(&args);
+		clear_pathspec(&ps);
+		return ret;
 	}
+
+	/* fallback to checking if the URL is set */
+	key = xstrfmt("submodule.%s.url", module->name);
+	ret = !repo_config_get_string(repo, key, &value);
+
+	free(value);
+	free(key);
+	return ret;
 }
 
-int parse_submodule_config_option(const char *var, const char *value)
+int is_submodule_populated_gently(const char *path, int *return_error_code)
 {
-	struct string_list_item *config;
-	const char *name, *key;
-	int namelen;
+	int ret = 0;
+	char *gitdir = xstrfmt("%s/.git", path);
 
-	if (parse_config_key(var, "submodule", &name, &namelen, &key) < 0 || !name)
-		return 0;
+	if (resolve_gitdir_gently(gitdir, return_error_code))
+		ret = 1;
 
-	if (!strcmp(key, "path")) {
-		if (!value)
-			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+	free(gitdir);
+	return ret;
+}
 
-		config = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_name_for_path, value);
-		if (config)
-			free(config->util);
-		else
-			config = string_list_append(&config_name_for_path, xstrdup(value));
-		config->util = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
-	} else if (!strcmp(key, "fetchrecursesubmodules")) {
-		char *name_cstr = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
-		config = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name, name_cstr);
-		if (!config)
-			config = string_list_append(&config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name, name_cstr);
-		else
-			free(name_cstr);
-		config->util = (void *)(intptr_t)parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(var, value);
-	} else if (!strcmp(key, "ignore")) {
-		char *name_cstr;
+/*
+ * Dies if the provided 'prefix' corresponds to an unpopulated submodule
+ */
+void die_in_unpopulated_submodule(const struct index_state *istate,
+				  const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i, prefixlen;
 
-		if (!value)
-			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+	if (!prefix)
+		return;
 
-		if (strcmp(value, "untracked") && strcmp(value, "dirty") &&
-		    strcmp(value, "all") && strcmp(value, "none")) {
-			warning("Invalid parameter \"%s\" for config option \"submodule.%s.ignore\"", value, var);
-			return 0;
-		}
+	prefixlen = strlen(prefix);
 
-		name_cstr = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
-		config = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_ignore_for_name, name_cstr);
-		if (config) {
-			free(config->util);
-			free(name_cstr);
-		} else
-			config = string_list_append(&config_ignore_for_name, name_cstr);
-		config->util = xstrdup(value);
-		return 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
+		int ce_len = ce_namelen(ce);
+
+		if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+			continue;
+		if (prefixlen <= ce_len)
+			continue;
+		if (strncmp(ce->name, prefix, ce_len))
+			continue;
+		if (prefix[ce_len] != '/')
+			continue;
+
+		die(_("in unpopulated submodule '%s'"), ce->name);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Dies if any paths in the provided pathspec descends into a submodule
+ */
+void die_path_inside_submodule(const struct index_state *istate,
+			       const struct pathspec *ps)
+{
+	int i, j;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
+		int ce_len = ce_namelen(ce);
+
+		if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+			continue;
+
+		for (j = 0; j < ps->nr ; j++) {
+			const struct pathspec_item *item = &ps->items[j];
+
+			if (item->len <= ce_len)
+				continue;
+			if (item->match[ce_len] != '/')
+				continue;
+			if (strncmp(ce->name, item->match, ce_len))
+				continue;
+			if (item->len == ce_len + 1)
+				continue;
+
+			die(_("Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"),
+			    item->original, ce_len, ce->name);
+		}
 	}
+}
+
+enum submodule_update_type parse_submodule_update_type(const char *value)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(value, "none"))
+		return SM_UPDATE_NONE;
+	else if (!strcmp(value, "checkout"))
+		return SM_UPDATE_CHECKOUT;
+	else if (!strcmp(value, "rebase"))
+		return SM_UPDATE_REBASE;
+	else if (!strcmp(value, "merge"))
+		return SM_UPDATE_MERGE;
+	else if (*value == '!')
+		return SM_UPDATE_COMMAND;
+	else
+		return SM_UPDATE_UNSPECIFIED;
+}
+
+int parse_submodule_update_strategy(const char *value,
+		struct submodule_update_strategy *dst)
+{
+	enum submodule_update_type type;
+
+	free((void*)dst->command);
+	dst->command = NULL;
+
+	type = parse_submodule_update_type(value);
+	if (type == SM_UPDATE_UNSPECIFIED)
+		return -1;
+
+	dst->type = type;
+	if (type == SM_UPDATE_COMMAND)
+		dst->command = xstrdup(value + 1);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
+const char *submodule_strategy_to_string(const struct submodule_update_strategy *s)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	switch (s->type) {
+	case SM_UPDATE_CHECKOUT:
+		return "checkout";
+	case SM_UPDATE_MERGE:
+		return "merge";
+	case SM_UPDATE_REBASE:
+		return "rebase";
+	case SM_UPDATE_NONE:
+		return "none";
+	case SM_UPDATE_UNSPECIFIED:
+		return NULL;
+	case SM_UPDATE_COMMAND:
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, "!%s", s->command);
+		return strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
 void handle_ignore_submodules_arg(struct diff_options *diffopt,
 				  const char *arg)
 {
-	DIFF_OPT_CLR(diffopt, IGNORE_SUBMODULES);
-	DIFF_OPT_CLR(diffopt, IGNORE_UNTRACKED_IN_SUBMODULES);
-	DIFF_OPT_CLR(diffopt, IGNORE_DIRTY_SUBMODULES);
+	diffopt->flags.ignore_submodules = 0;
+	diffopt->flags.ignore_untracked_in_submodules = 0;
+	diffopt->flags.ignore_dirty_submodules = 0;
 
 	if (!strcmp(arg, "all"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(diffopt, IGNORE_SUBMODULES);
+		diffopt->flags.ignore_submodules = 1;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "untracked"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(diffopt, IGNORE_UNTRACKED_IN_SUBMODULES);
+		diffopt->flags.ignore_untracked_in_submodules = 1;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "dirty"))
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(diffopt, IGNORE_DIRTY_SUBMODULES);
+		diffopt->flags.ignore_dirty_submodules = 1;
 	else if (strcmp(arg, "none"))
 		die("bad --ignore-submodules argument: %s", arg);
 }
 
 static int prepare_submodule_summary(struct rev_info *rev, const char *path,
 		struct commit *left, struct commit *right,
-		int *fast_forward, int *fast_backward)
+		struct commit_list *merge_bases)
 {
-	struct commit_list *merge_bases, *list;
+	struct commit_list *list;
 
 	init_revisions(rev, NULL);
 	setup_revisions(0, NULL, rev, NULL);
@@ -301,24 +435,15 @@ static int prepare_submodule_summary(struct rev_info *rev, const char *path,
 	left->object.flags |= SYMMETRIC_LEFT;
 	add_pending_object(rev, &left->object, path);
 	add_pending_object(rev, &right->object, path);
-	merge_bases = get_merge_bases(left, right);
-	if (merge_bases) {
-		if (merge_bases->item == left)
-			*fast_forward = 1;
-		else if (merge_bases->item == right)
-			*fast_backward = 1;
-	}
 	for (list = merge_bases; list; list = list->next) {
 		list->item->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
 		add_pending_object(rev, &list->item->object,
-			sha1_to_hex(list->item->object.sha1));
+			oid_to_hex(&list->item->object.oid));
 	}
 	return prepare_revision_walk(rev);
 }
 
-static void print_submodule_summary(struct rev_info *rev, FILE *f,
-		const char *line_prefix,
-		const char *del, const char *add, const char *reset)
+static void print_submodule_summary(struct rev_info *rev, struct diff_options *o)
 {
 	static const char format[] = "  %m %s";
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -329,125 +454,471 @@ static void print_submodule_summary(struct rev_info *rev, FILE *f,
 		ctx.date_mode = rev->date_mode;
 		ctx.output_encoding = get_log_output_encoding();
 		strbuf_setlen(&sb, 0);
-		strbuf_addstr(&sb, line_prefix);
-		if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT) {
-			if (del)
-				strbuf_addstr(&sb, del);
-		}
-		else if (add)
-			strbuf_addstr(&sb, add);
 		format_commit_message(commit, format, &sb, &ctx);
-		if (reset)
-			strbuf_addstr(&sb, reset);
 		strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
-		fprintf(f, "%s", sb.buf);
+		if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
+			diff_emit_submodule_del(o, sb.buf);
+		else
+			diff_emit_submodule_add(o, sb.buf);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
-int parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg)
+static void prepare_submodule_repo_env_no_git_dir(struct argv_array *out)
 {
-	switch (git_config_maybe_bool(opt, arg)) {
-	case 1:
-		return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON;
-	case 0:
-		return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
-	default:
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "on-demand"))
-			return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND;
-		die("bad %s argument: %s", opt, arg);
+	const char * const *var;
+
+	for (var = local_repo_env; *var; var++) {
+		if (strcmp(*var, CONFIG_DATA_ENVIRONMENT))
+			argv_array_push(out, *var);
 	}
 }
 
-void show_submodule_summary(FILE *f, const char *path,
-		const char *line_prefix,
-		unsigned char one[20], unsigned char two[20],
-		unsigned dirty_submodule, const char *meta,
-		const char *del, const char *add, const char *reset)
+void prepare_submodule_repo_env(struct argv_array *out)
+{
+	prepare_submodule_repo_env_no_git_dir(out);
+	argv_array_pushf(out, "%s=%s", GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT,
+			 DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+}
+
+/* Helper function to display the submodule header line prior to the full
+ * summary output. If it can locate the submodule objects directory it will
+ * attempt to lookup both the left and right commits and put them into the
+ * left and right pointers.
+ */
+static void show_submodule_header(struct diff_options *o, const char *path,
+		struct object_id *one, struct object_id *two,
+		unsigned dirty_submodule,
+		struct commit **left, struct commit **right,
+		struct commit_list **merge_bases)
 {
-	struct rev_info rev;
-	struct commit *left = NULL, *right = NULL;
 	const char *message = NULL;
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int fast_forward = 0, fast_backward = 0;
 
-	if (is_null_sha1(two))
-		message = "(submodule deleted)";
-	else if (add_submodule_odb(path))
-		message = "(not checked out)";
-	else if (is_null_sha1(one))
+	if (dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED)
+		diff_emit_submodule_untracked(o, path);
+
+	if (dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED)
+		diff_emit_submodule_modified(o, path);
+
+	if (is_null_oid(one))
 		message = "(new submodule)";
-	else if (!(left = lookup_commit_reference(one)) ||
-		 !(right = lookup_commit_reference(two)))
+	else if (is_null_oid(two))
+		message = "(submodule deleted)";
+
+	if (add_submodule_odb(path)) {
+		if (!message)
+			message = "(commits not present)";
+		goto output_header;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Attempt to lookup the commit references, and determine if this is
+	 * a fast forward or fast backwards update.
+	 */
+	*left = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, one);
+	*right = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, two);
+
+	/*
+	 * Warn about missing commits in the submodule project, but only if
+	 * they aren't null.
+	 */
+	if ((!is_null_oid(one) && !*left) ||
+	     (!is_null_oid(two) && !*right))
 		message = "(commits not present)";
-	else if (prepare_submodule_summary(&rev, path, left, right,
-					   &fast_forward, &fast_backward))
-		message = "(revision walker failed)";
 
-	if (dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED)
-		fprintf(f, "%sSubmodule %s contains untracked content\n",
-			line_prefix, path);
-	if (dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED)
-		fprintf(f, "%sSubmodule %s contains modified content\n",
-			line_prefix, path);
+	*merge_bases = get_merge_bases(*left, *right);
+	if (*merge_bases) {
+		if ((*merge_bases)->item == *left)
+			fast_forward = 1;
+		else if ((*merge_bases)->item == *right)
+			fast_backward = 1;
+	}
 
-	if (!hashcmp(one, two)) {
+	if (!oidcmp(one, two)) {
 		strbuf_release(&sb);
 		return;
 	}
 
-	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s%sSubmodule %s %s..", line_prefix, meta, path,
-			find_unique_abbrev(one, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-	if (!fast_backward && !fast_forward)
-		strbuf_addch(&sb, '.');
-	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s", find_unique_abbrev(two, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+output_header:
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "Submodule %s ", path);
+	strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&sb, one, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+	strbuf_addstr(&sb, (fast_backward || fast_forward) ? ".." : "...");
+	strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&sb, two, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
 	if (message)
-		strbuf_addf(&sb, " %s%s\n", message, reset);
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, " %s\n", message);
 	else
-		strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s:%s\n", fast_backward ? " (rewind)" : "", reset);
-	fwrite(sb.buf, sb.len, 1, f);
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s:\n", fast_backward ? " (rewind)" : "");
+	diff_emit_submodule_header(o, sb.buf);
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+void show_submodule_summary(struct diff_options *o, const char *path,
+		struct object_id *one, struct object_id *two,
+		unsigned dirty_submodule)
+{
+	struct rev_info rev;
+	struct commit *left = NULL, *right = NULL;
+	struct commit_list *merge_bases = NULL;
+
+	show_submodule_header(o, path, one, two, dirty_submodule,
+			      &left, &right, &merge_bases);
+
+	/*
+	 * If we don't have both a left and a right pointer, there is no
+	 * reason to try and display a summary. The header line should contain
+	 * all the information the user needs.
+	 */
+	if (!left || !right)
+		goto out;
+
+	/* Treat revision walker failure the same as missing commits */
+	if (prepare_submodule_summary(&rev, path, left, right, merge_bases)) {
+		diff_emit_submodule_error(o, "(revision walker failed)\n");
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	print_submodule_summary(&rev, o);
+
+out:
+	if (merge_bases)
+		free_commit_list(merge_bases);
+	clear_commit_marks(left, ~0);
+	clear_commit_marks(right, ~0);
+}
+
+void show_submodule_inline_diff(struct diff_options *o, const char *path,
+		struct object_id *one, struct object_id *two,
+		unsigned dirty_submodule)
+{
+	const struct object_id *old_oid = the_hash_algo->empty_tree, *new_oid = the_hash_algo->empty_tree;
+	struct commit *left = NULL, *right = NULL;
+	struct commit_list *merge_bases = NULL;
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	show_submodule_header(o, path, one, two, dirty_submodule,
+			      &left, &right, &merge_bases);
+
+	/* We need a valid left and right commit to display a difference */
+	if (!(left || is_null_oid(one)) ||
+	    !(right || is_null_oid(two)))
+		goto done;
 
-	if (!message) /* only NULL if we succeeded in setting up the walk */
-		print_submodule_summary(&rev, f, line_prefix, del, add, reset);
+	if (left)
+		old_oid = one;
+	if (right)
+		new_oid = two;
+
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+	cp.dir = path;
+	cp.out = -1;
+	cp.no_stdin = 1;
+
+	/* TODO: other options may need to be passed here. */
+	argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "diff", "--submodule=diff", NULL);
+	argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "--color=%s", want_color(o->use_color) ?
+			 "always" : "never");
+
+	if (o->flags.reverse_diff) {
+		argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "--src-prefix=%s%s/",
+				 o->b_prefix, path);
+		argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "--dst-prefix=%s%s/",
+				 o->a_prefix, path);
+	} else {
+		argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "--src-prefix=%s%s/",
+				 o->a_prefix, path);
+		argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "--dst-prefix=%s%s/",
+				 o->b_prefix, path);
+	}
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, oid_to_hex(old_oid));
+	/*
+	 * If the submodule has modified content, we will diff against the
+	 * work tree, under the assumption that the user has asked for the
+	 * diff format and wishes to actually see all differences even if they
+	 * haven't yet been committed to the submodule yet.
+	 */
+	if (!(dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED))
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, oid_to_hex(new_oid));
+
+	prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
+	if (start_command(&cp))
+		diff_emit_submodule_error(o, "(diff failed)\n");
+
+	while (strbuf_getwholeline_fd(&sb, cp.out, '\n') != EOF)
+		diff_emit_submodule_pipethrough(o, sb.buf, sb.len);
+
+	if (finish_command(&cp))
+		diff_emit_submodule_error(o, "(diff failed)\n");
+
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	if (merge_bases)
+		free_commit_list(merge_bases);
 	if (left)
 		clear_commit_marks(left, ~0);
 	if (right)
 		clear_commit_marks(right, ~0);
+}
 
-	strbuf_release(&sb);
+int should_update_submodules(void)
+{
+	return config_update_recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON;
+}
+
+const struct submodule *submodule_from_ce(const struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (!should_update_submodules())
+		return NULL;
+
+	return submodule_from_path(the_repository, &null_oid, ce->name);
+}
+
+static struct oid_array *submodule_commits(struct string_list *submodules,
+					   const char *name)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+
+	item = string_list_insert(submodules, name);
+	if (item->util)
+		return (struct oid_array *) item->util;
+
+	/* NEEDSWORK: should we have oid_array_init()? */
+	item->util = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct oid_array));
+	return (struct oid_array *) item->util;
+}
+
+struct collect_changed_submodules_cb_data {
+	struct string_list *changed;
+	const struct object_id *commit_oid;
+};
+
+/*
+ * this would normally be two functions: default_name_from_path() and
+ * path_from_default_name(). Since the default name is the same as
+ * the submodule path we can get away with just one function which only
+ * checks whether there is a submodule in the working directory at that
+ * location.
+ */
+static const char *default_name_or_path(const char *path_or_name)
+{
+	int error_code;
+
+	if (!is_submodule_populated_gently(path_or_name, &error_code))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return path_or_name;
+}
+
+static void collect_changed_submodules_cb(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
+					  struct diff_options *options,
+					  void *data)
+{
+	struct collect_changed_submodules_cb_data *me = data;
+	struct string_list *changed = me->changed;
+	const struct object_id *commit_oid = me->commit_oid;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
+		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
+		struct oid_array *commits;
+		const struct submodule *submodule;
+		const char *name;
+
+		if (!S_ISGITLINK(p->two->mode))
+			continue;
+
+		submodule = submodule_from_path(the_repository,
+						commit_oid, p->two->path);
+		if (submodule)
+			name = submodule->name;
+		else {
+			name = default_name_or_path(p->two->path);
+			/* make sure name does not collide with existing one */
+			if (name)
+				submodule = submodule_from_name(the_repository,
+								commit_oid, name);
+			if (submodule) {
+				warning("Submodule in commit %s at path: "
+					"'%s' collides with a submodule named "
+					"the same. Skipping it.",
+					oid_to_hex(commit_oid), p->two->path);
+				name = NULL;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (!name)
+			continue;
+
+		commits = submodule_commits(changed, name);
+		oid_array_append(commits, &p->two->oid);
+	}
 }
 
-void set_config_fetch_recurse_submodules(int value)
+/*
+ * Collect the paths of submodules in 'changed' which have changed based on
+ * the revisions as specified in 'argv'.  Each entry in 'changed' will also
+ * have a corresponding 'struct oid_array' (in the 'util' field) which lists
+ * what the submodule pointers were updated to during the change.
+ */
+static void collect_changed_submodules(struct string_list *changed,
+				       struct argv_array *argv)
 {
-	config_fetch_recurse_submodules = value;
+	struct rev_info rev;
+	const struct commit *commit;
+
+	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
+	setup_revisions(argv->argc, argv->argv, &rev, NULL);
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
+
+	while ((commit = get_revision(&rev))) {
+		struct rev_info diff_rev;
+		struct collect_changed_submodules_cb_data data;
+		data.changed = changed;
+		data.commit_oid = &commit->object.oid;
+
+		init_revisions(&diff_rev, NULL);
+		diff_rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
+		diff_rev.diffopt.format_callback = collect_changed_submodules_cb;
+		diff_rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = &data;
+		diff_tree_combined_merge(commit, 1, &diff_rev);
+	}
+
+	reset_revision_walk();
+}
+
+static void free_submodules_oids(struct string_list *submodules)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	for_each_string_list_item(item, submodules)
+		oid_array_clear((struct oid_array *) item->util);
+	string_list_clear(submodules, 1);
 }
 
-static int has_remote(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
+static int has_remote(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+		      int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int submodule_needs_pushing(const char *path, const unsigned char sha1[20])
+static int append_oid_to_argv(const struct object_id *oid, void *data)
+{
+	struct argv_array *argv = data;
+	argv_array_push(argv, oid_to_hex(oid));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct has_commit_data {
+	int result;
+	const char *path;
+};
+
+static int check_has_commit(const struct object_id *oid, void *data)
+{
+	struct has_commit_data *cb = data;
+
+	enum object_type type = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
+
+	switch (type) {
+	case OBJ_COMMIT:
+		return 0;
+	case OBJ_BAD:
+		/*
+		 * Object is missing or invalid. If invalid, an error message
+		 * has already been printed.
+		 */
+		cb->result = 0;
+		return 0;
+	default:
+		die(_("submodule entry '%s' (%s) is a %s, not a commit"),
+		    cb->path, oid_to_hex(oid), type_name(type));
+	}
+}
+
+static int submodule_has_commits(const char *path, struct oid_array *commits)
+{
+	struct has_commit_data has_commit = { 1, path };
+
+	/*
+	 * Perform a cheap, but incorrect check for the existence of 'commits'.
+	 * This is done by adding the submodule's object store to the in-core
+	 * object store, and then querying for each commit's existence.  If we
+	 * do not have the commit object anywhere, there is no chance we have
+	 * it in the object store of the correct submodule and have it
+	 * reachable from a ref, so we can fail early without spawning rev-list
+	 * which is expensive.
+	 */
+	if (add_submodule_odb(path))
+		return 0;
+
+	oid_array_for_each_unique(commits, check_has_commit, &has_commit);
+
+	if (has_commit.result) {
+		/*
+		 * Even if the submodule is checked out and the commit is
+		 * present, make sure it exists in the submodule's object store
+		 * and that it is reachable from a ref.
+		 */
+		struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+		struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "rev-list", "-n", "1", NULL);
+		oid_array_for_each_unique(commits, append_oid_to_argv, &cp.args);
+		argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "--not", "--all", NULL);
+
+		prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
+		cp.git_cmd = 1;
+		cp.no_stdin = 1;
+		cp.dir = path;
+
+		if (capture_command(&cp, &out, GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1) || out.len)
+			has_commit.result = 0;
+
+		strbuf_release(&out);
+	}
+
+	return has_commit.result;
+}
+
+static int submodule_needs_pushing(const char *path, struct oid_array *commits)
 {
-	if (add_submodule_odb(path) || !lookup_commit_reference(sha1))
+	if (!submodule_has_commits(path, commits))
+		/*
+		 * NOTE: We do consider it safe to return "no" here. The
+		 * correct answer would be "We do not know" instead of
+		 * "No push needed", but it is quite hard to change
+		 * the submodule pointer without having the submodule
+		 * around. If a user did however change the submodules
+		 * without having the submodule around, this indicates
+		 * an expert who knows what they are doing or a
+		 * maintainer integrating work from other people. In
+		 * both cases it should be safe to skip this check.
+		 */
 		return 0;
 
 	if (for_each_remote_ref_submodule(path, has_remote, NULL) > 0) {
 		struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-		const char *argv[] = {"rev-list", NULL, "--not", "--remotes", "-n", "1" , NULL};
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		int needs_pushing = 0;
 
-		argv[1] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
-		cp.argv = argv;
-		cp.env = local_repo_env;
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, "rev-list");
+		oid_array_for_each_unique(commits, append_oid_to_argv, &cp.args);
+		argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "--not", "--remotes", "-n", "1" , NULL);
+
+		prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
 		cp.git_cmd = 1;
 		cp.no_stdin = 1;
 		cp.out = -1;
 		cp.dir = path;
 		if (start_command(&cp))
-			die("Could not run 'git rev-list %s --not --remotes -n 1' command in submodule %s",
-				sha1_to_hex(sha1), path);
+			die("Could not run 'git rev-list <commits> --not --remotes -n 1' command in submodule %s",
+					path);
 		if (strbuf_read(&buf, cp.out, 41))
 			needs_pushing = 1;
 		finish_command(&cp);
@@ -459,75 +930,75 @@ static int submodule_needs_pushing(const char *path, const unsigned char sha1[20
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void collect_submodules_from_diff(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
-					 struct diff_options *options,
-					 void *data)
+int find_unpushed_submodules(struct oid_array *commits,
+		const char *remotes_name, struct string_list *needs_pushing)
 {
-	int i;
-	struct string_list *needs_pushing = data;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
-		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
-		if (!S_ISGITLINK(p->two->mode))
-			continue;
-		if (submodule_needs_pushing(p->two->path, p->two->sha1))
-			string_list_insert(needs_pushing, p->two->path);
-	}
-}
+	struct string_list submodules = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct string_list_item *name;
+	struct argv_array argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 
-static void find_unpushed_submodule_commits(struct commit *commit,
-		struct string_list *needs_pushing)
-{
-	struct rev_info rev;
+	/* argv.argv[0] will be ignored by setup_revisions */
+	argv_array_push(&argv, "find_unpushed_submodules");
+	oid_array_for_each_unique(commits, append_oid_to_argv, &argv);
+	argv_array_push(&argv, "--not");
+	argv_array_pushf(&argv, "--remotes=%s", remotes_name);
 
-	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
-	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
-	rev.diffopt.format_callback = collect_submodules_from_diff;
-	rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = needs_pushing;
-	diff_tree_combined_merge(commit, 1, &rev);
-}
+	collect_changed_submodules(&submodules, &argv);
 
-int find_unpushed_submodules(unsigned char new_sha1[20],
-		const char *remotes_name, struct string_list *needs_pushing)
-{
-	struct rev_info rev;
-	struct commit *commit;
-	const char *argv[] = {NULL, NULL, "--not", "NULL", NULL};
-	int argc = ARRAY_SIZE(argv) - 1;
-	char *sha1_copy;
+	for_each_string_list_item(name, &submodules) {
+		struct oid_array *commits = name->util;
+		const struct submodule *submodule;
+		const char *path = NULL;
 
-	struct strbuf remotes_arg = STRBUF_INIT;
+		submodule = submodule_from_name(the_repository, &null_oid, name->string);
+		if (submodule)
+			path = submodule->path;
+		else
+			path = default_name_or_path(name->string);
 
-	strbuf_addf(&remotes_arg, "--remotes=%s", remotes_name);
-	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
-	sha1_copy = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(new_sha1));
-	argv[1] = sha1_copy;
-	argv[3] = remotes_arg.buf;
-	setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
-	if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
-		die("revision walk setup failed");
+		if (!path)
+			continue;
 
-	while ((commit = get_revision(&rev)) != NULL)
-		find_unpushed_submodule_commits(commit, needs_pushing);
+		if (submodule_needs_pushing(path, commits))
+			string_list_insert(needs_pushing, path);
+	}
 
-	reset_revision_walk();
-	free(sha1_copy);
-	strbuf_release(&remotes_arg);
+	free_submodules_oids(&submodules);
+	argv_array_clear(&argv);
 
 	return needs_pushing->nr;
 }
 
-static int push_submodule(const char *path)
+static int push_submodule(const char *path,
+			  const struct remote *remote,
+			  const struct refspec *rs,
+			  const struct string_list *push_options,
+			  int dry_run)
 {
 	if (add_submodule_odb(path))
 		return 1;
 
 	if (for_each_remote_ref_submodule(path, has_remote, NULL) > 0) {
 		struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-		const char *argv[] = {"push", NULL};
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, "push");
+		if (dry_run)
+			argv_array_push(&cp.args, "--dry-run");
+
+		if (push_options && push_options->nr) {
+			const struct string_list_item *item;
+			for_each_string_list_item(item, push_options)
+				argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "--push-option=%s",
+						 item->string);
+		}
 
-		cp.argv = argv;
-		cp.env = local_repo_env;
+		if (remote->origin != REMOTE_UNCONFIGURED) {
+			int i;
+			argv_array_push(&cp.args, remote->name);
+			for (i = 0; i < rs->raw_nr; i++)
+				argv_array_push(&cp.args, rs->raw[i]);
+		}
+
+		prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
 		cp.git_cmd = 1;
 		cp.no_stdin = 1;
 		cp.dir = path;
@@ -539,18 +1010,78 @@ static int push_submodule(const char *path)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-int push_unpushed_submodules(unsigned char new_sha1[20], const char *remotes_name)
+/*
+ * Perform a check in the submodule to see if the remote and refspec work.
+ * Die if the submodule can't be pushed.
+ */
+static void submodule_push_check(const char *path, const char *head,
+				 const struct remote *remote,
+				 const struct refspec *rs)
+{
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	int i;
+
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, "submodule--helper");
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, "push-check");
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, head);
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, remote->name);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < rs->raw_nr; i++)
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, rs->raw[i]);
+
+	prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+	cp.no_stdin = 1;
+	cp.no_stdout = 1;
+	cp.dir = path;
+
+	/*
+	 * Simply indicate if 'submodule--helper push-check' failed.
+	 * More detailed error information will be provided by the
+	 * child process.
+	 */
+	if (run_command(&cp))
+		die("process for submodule '%s' failed", path);
+}
+
+int push_unpushed_submodules(struct oid_array *commits,
+			     const struct remote *remote,
+			     const struct refspec *rs,
+			     const struct string_list *push_options,
+			     int dry_run)
 {
 	int i, ret = 1;
 	struct string_list needs_pushing = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 
-	if (!find_unpushed_submodules(new_sha1, remotes_name, &needs_pushing))
+	if (!find_unpushed_submodules(commits, remote->name, &needs_pushing))
 		return 1;
 
+	/*
+	 * Verify that the remote and refspec can be propagated to all
+	 * submodules.  This check can be skipped if the remote and refspec
+	 * won't be propagated due to the remote being unconfigured (e.g. a URL
+	 * instead of a remote name).
+	 */
+	if (remote->origin != REMOTE_UNCONFIGURED) {
+		char *head;
+		struct object_id head_oid;
+
+		head = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, &head_oid, NULL);
+		if (!head)
+			die(_("Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."));
+
+		for (i = 0; i < needs_pushing.nr; i++)
+			submodule_push_check(needs_pushing.items[i].string,
+					     head, remote, rs);
+		free(head);
+	}
+
+	/* Actually push the submodules */
 	for (i = 0; i < needs_pushing.nr; i++) {
 		const char *path = needs_pushing.items[i].string;
 		fprintf(stderr, "Pushing submodule '%s'\n", path);
-		if (!push_submodule(path)) {
+		if (!push_submodule(path, remote, rs,
+				    push_options, dry_run)) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Unable to push submodule '%s'\n", path);
 			ret = 0;
 		}
@@ -561,295 +1092,347 @@ int push_unpushed_submodules(unsigned char new_sha1[20], const char *remotes_nam
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static int is_submodule_commit_present(const char *path, unsigned char sha1[20])
-{
-	int is_present = 0;
-	if (!add_submodule_odb(path) && lookup_commit_reference(sha1)) {
-		/* Even if the submodule is checked out and the commit is
-		 * present, make sure it is reachable from a ref. */
-		struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-		const char *argv[] = {"rev-list", "-n", "1", NULL, "--not", "--all", NULL};
-		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-		argv[3] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
-		cp.argv = argv;
-		cp.env = local_repo_env;
-		cp.git_cmd = 1;
-		cp.no_stdin = 1;
-		cp.out = -1;
-		cp.dir = path;
-		if (!run_command(&cp) && !strbuf_read(&buf, cp.out, 1024))
-			is_present = 1;
-
-		close(cp.out);
-		strbuf_release(&buf);
-	}
-	return is_present;
-}
-
-static void submodule_collect_changed_cb(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
-					 struct diff_options *options,
-					 void *data)
+static int append_oid_to_array(const char *ref, const struct object_id *oid,
+			       int flags, void *data)
 {
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
-		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
-		if (!S_ISGITLINK(p->two->mode))
-			continue;
-
-		if (S_ISGITLINK(p->one->mode)) {
-			/* NEEDSWORK: We should honor the name configured in
-			 * the .gitmodules file of the commit we are examining
-			 * here to be able to correctly follow submodules
-			 * being moved around. */
-			struct string_list_item *path;
-			path = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&changed_submodule_paths, p->two->path);
-			if (!path && !is_submodule_commit_present(p->two->path, p->two->sha1))
-				string_list_append(&changed_submodule_paths, xstrdup(p->two->path));
-		} else {
-			/* Submodule is new or was moved here */
-			/* NEEDSWORK: When the .git directories of submodules
-			 * live inside the superprojects .git directory some
-			 * day we should fetch new submodules directly into
-			 * that location too when config or options request
-			 * that so they can be checked out from there. */
-			continue;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-static int add_sha1_to_array(const char *ref, const unsigned char *sha1,
-			     int flags, void *data)
-{
-	sha1_array_append(data, sha1);
+	struct oid_array *array = data;
+	oid_array_append(array, oid);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void check_for_new_submodule_commits(unsigned char new_sha1[20])
+void check_for_new_submodule_commits(struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	if (!initialized_fetch_ref_tips) {
-		for_each_ref(add_sha1_to_array, &ref_tips_before_fetch);
+		for_each_ref(append_oid_to_array, &ref_tips_before_fetch);
 		initialized_fetch_ref_tips = 1;
 	}
 
-	sha1_array_append(&ref_tips_after_fetch, new_sha1);
-}
-
-static void add_sha1_to_argv(const unsigned char sha1[20], void *data)
-{
-	argv_array_push(data, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	oid_array_append(&ref_tips_after_fetch, oid);
 }
 
 static void calculate_changed_submodule_paths(void)
 {
-	struct rev_info rev;
-	struct commit *commit;
 	struct argv_array argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct string_list changed_submodules = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	const struct string_list_item *name;
 
 	/* No need to check if there are no submodules configured */
-	if (!config_name_for_path.nr)
+	if (!submodule_from_path(the_repository, NULL, NULL))
 		return;
 
-	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
 	argv_array_push(&argv, "--"); /* argv[0] program name */
-	sha1_array_for_each_unique(&ref_tips_after_fetch,
-				   add_sha1_to_argv, &argv);
+	oid_array_for_each_unique(&ref_tips_after_fetch,
+				   append_oid_to_argv, &argv);
 	argv_array_push(&argv, "--not");
-	sha1_array_for_each_unique(&ref_tips_before_fetch,
-				   add_sha1_to_argv, &argv);
-	setup_revisions(argv.argc, argv.argv, &rev, NULL);
-	if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
-		die("revision walk setup failed");
+	oid_array_for_each_unique(&ref_tips_before_fetch,
+				   append_oid_to_argv, &argv);
 
 	/*
 	 * Collect all submodules (whether checked out or not) for which new
-	 * commits have been recorded upstream in "changed_submodule_paths".
+	 * commits have been recorded upstream in "changed_submodule_names".
 	 */
-	while ((commit = get_revision(&rev))) {
-		struct commit_list *parent = commit->parents;
-		while (parent) {
-			struct diff_options diff_opts;
-			diff_setup(&diff_opts);
-			DIFF_OPT_SET(&diff_opts, RECURSIVE);
-			diff_opts.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
-			diff_opts.format_callback = submodule_collect_changed_cb;
-			diff_setup_done(&diff_opts);
-			diff_tree_sha1(parent->item->object.sha1, commit->object.sha1, "", &diff_opts);
-			diffcore_std(&diff_opts);
-			diff_flush(&diff_opts);
-			parent = parent->next;
-		}
+	collect_changed_submodules(&changed_submodules, &argv);
+
+	for_each_string_list_item(name, &changed_submodules) {
+		struct oid_array *commits = name->util;
+		const struct submodule *submodule;
+		const char *path = NULL;
+
+		submodule = submodule_from_name(the_repository, &null_oid, name->string);
+		if (submodule)
+			path = submodule->path;
+		else
+			path = default_name_or_path(name->string);
+
+		if (!path)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!submodule_has_commits(path, commits))
+			string_list_append(&changed_submodule_names, name->string);
 	}
 
+	free_submodules_oids(&changed_submodules);
 	argv_array_clear(&argv);
-	sha1_array_clear(&ref_tips_before_fetch);
-	sha1_array_clear(&ref_tips_after_fetch);
+	oid_array_clear(&ref_tips_before_fetch);
+	oid_array_clear(&ref_tips_after_fetch);
 	initialized_fetch_ref_tips = 0;
 }
 
-int fetch_populated_submodules(const struct argv_array *options,
-			       const char *prefix, int command_line_option,
-			       int quiet)
+int submodule_touches_in_range(struct object_id *excl_oid,
+			       struct object_id *incl_oid)
 {
-	int i, result = 0;
-	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-	struct argv_array argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
-	struct string_list_item *name_for_path;
-	const char *work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
-	if (!work_tree)
-		goto out;
+	struct string_list subs = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct argv_array args = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	int ret;
 
-	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die("index file corrupt");
+	/* No need to check if there are no submodules configured */
+	if (!submodule_from_path(the_repository, NULL, NULL))
+		return 0;
 
-	argv_array_push(&argv, "fetch");
-	for (i = 0; i < options->argc; i++)
-		argv_array_push(&argv, options->argv[i]);
-	argv_array_push(&argv, "--recurse-submodules-default");
-	/* default value, "--submodule-prefix" and its value are added later */
+	argv_array_push(&args, "--"); /* args[0] program name */
+	argv_array_push(&args, oid_to_hex(incl_oid));
+	if (!is_null_oid(excl_oid)) {
+		argv_array_push(&args, "--not");
+		argv_array_push(&args, oid_to_hex(excl_oid));
+	}
 
-	cp.env = local_repo_env;
-	cp.git_cmd = 1;
-	cp.no_stdin = 1;
+	collect_changed_submodules(&subs, &args);
+	ret = subs.nr;
 
-	calculate_changed_submodule_paths();
+	argv_array_clear(&args);
+
+	free_submodules_oids(&subs);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+struct submodule_parallel_fetch {
+	int count;
+	struct argv_array args;
+	struct repository *r;
+	const char *prefix;
+	int command_line_option;
+	int default_option;
+	int quiet;
+	int result;
+};
+#define SPF_INIT {0, ARGV_ARRAY_INIT, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0}
+
+static int get_fetch_recurse_config(const struct submodule *submodule,
+				    struct submodule_parallel_fetch *spf)
+{
+	if (spf->command_line_option != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT)
+		return spf->command_line_option;
+
+	if (submodule) {
+		char *key;
+		const char *value;
+
+		int fetch_recurse = submodule->fetch_recurse;
+		key = xstrfmt("submodule.%s.fetchRecurseSubmodules", submodule->name);
+		if (!repo_config_get_string_const(spf->r, key, &value)) {
+			fetch_recurse = parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(key, value);
+		}
+		free(key);
+
+		if (fetch_recurse != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_NONE)
+			/* local config overrules everything except commandline */
+			return fetch_recurse;
+	}
+
+	return spf->default_option;
+}
+
+static int get_next_submodule(struct child_process *cp,
+			      struct strbuf *err, void *data, void **task_cb)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct submodule_parallel_fetch *spf = data;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+	for (; spf->count < spf->r->index->cache_nr; spf->count++) {
 		struct strbuf submodule_path = STRBUF_INIT;
 		struct strbuf submodule_git_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
 		struct strbuf submodule_prefix = STRBUF_INIT;
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-		const char *git_dir, *name, *default_argv;
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = spf->r->index->cache[spf->count];
+		const char *git_dir, *default_argv;
+		const struct submodule *submodule;
+		struct submodule default_submodule = SUBMODULE_INIT;
 
 		if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
 			continue;
 
-		name = ce->name;
-		name_for_path = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_name_for_path, ce->name);
-		if (name_for_path)
-			name = name_for_path->util;
-
-		default_argv = "yes";
-		if (command_line_option == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT) {
-			struct string_list_item *fetch_recurse_submodules_option;
-			fetch_recurse_submodules_option = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name, name);
-			if (fetch_recurse_submodules_option) {
-				if ((intptr_t)fetch_recurse_submodules_option->util == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF)
-					continue;
-				if ((intptr_t)fetch_recurse_submodules_option->util == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND) {
-					if (!unsorted_string_list_lookup(&changed_submodule_paths, ce->name))
-						continue;
-					default_argv = "on-demand";
-				}
-			} else {
-				if ((config_fetch_recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) ||
-				    gitmodules_is_unmerged)
-					continue;
-				if (config_fetch_recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND) {
-					if (!unsorted_string_list_lookup(&changed_submodule_paths, ce->name))
-						continue;
-					default_argv = "on-demand";
-				}
+		submodule = submodule_from_path(spf->r, &null_oid, ce->name);
+		if (!submodule) {
+			const char *name = default_name_or_path(ce->name);
+			if (name) {
+				default_submodule.path = default_submodule.name = name;
+				submodule = &default_submodule;
 			}
-		} else if (command_line_option == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND) {
-			if (!unsorted_string_list_lookup(&changed_submodule_paths, ce->name))
+		}
+
+		switch (get_fetch_recurse_config(submodule, spf))
+		{
+		default:
+		case RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT:
+		case RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND:
+			if (!submodule || !unsorted_string_list_lookup(&changed_submodule_names,
+							 submodule->name))
 				continue;
 			default_argv = "on-demand";
+			break;
+		case RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON:
+			default_argv = "yes";
+			break;
+		case RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF:
+			continue;
 		}
 
-		strbuf_addf(&submodule_path, "%s/%s", work_tree, ce->name);
+		strbuf_repo_worktree_path(&submodule_path, spf->r, "%s", ce->name);
 		strbuf_addf(&submodule_git_dir, "%s/.git", submodule_path.buf);
-		strbuf_addf(&submodule_prefix, "%s%s/", prefix, ce->name);
+		strbuf_addf(&submodule_prefix, "%s%s/", spf->prefix, ce->name);
 		git_dir = read_gitfile(submodule_git_dir.buf);
 		if (!git_dir)
 			git_dir = submodule_git_dir.buf;
 		if (is_directory(git_dir)) {
-			if (!quiet)
-				printf("Fetching submodule %s%s\n", prefix, ce->name);
-			cp.dir = submodule_path.buf;
-			argv_array_push(&argv, default_argv);
-			argv_array_push(&argv, "--submodule-prefix");
-			argv_array_push(&argv, submodule_prefix.buf);
-			cp.argv = argv.argv;
-			if (run_command(&cp))
-				result = 1;
-			argv_array_pop(&argv);
-			argv_array_pop(&argv);
-			argv_array_pop(&argv);
+			child_process_init(cp);
+			cp->dir = strbuf_detach(&submodule_path, NULL);
+			prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp->env_array);
+			cp->git_cmd = 1;
+			if (!spf->quiet)
+				strbuf_addf(err, "Fetching submodule %s%s\n",
+					    spf->prefix, ce->name);
+			argv_array_init(&cp->args);
+			argv_array_pushv(&cp->args, spf->args.argv);
+			argv_array_push(&cp->args, default_argv);
+			argv_array_push(&cp->args, "--submodule-prefix");
+			argv_array_push(&cp->args, submodule_prefix.buf);
+			ret = 1;
 		}
 		strbuf_release(&submodule_path);
 		strbuf_release(&submodule_git_dir);
 		strbuf_release(&submodule_prefix);
+		if (ret) {
+			spf->count++;
+			return 1;
+		}
 	}
-	argv_array_clear(&argv);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int fetch_start_failure(struct strbuf *err,
+			       void *cb, void *task_cb)
+{
+	struct submodule_parallel_fetch *spf = cb;
+
+	spf->result = 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int fetch_finish(int retvalue, struct strbuf *err,
+			void *cb, void *task_cb)
+{
+	struct submodule_parallel_fetch *spf = cb;
+
+	if (retvalue)
+		spf->result = 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int fetch_populated_submodules(struct repository *r,
+			       const struct argv_array *options,
+			       const char *prefix, int command_line_option,
+			       int default_option,
+			       int quiet, int max_parallel_jobs)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct submodule_parallel_fetch spf = SPF_INIT;
+
+	spf.r = r;
+	spf.command_line_option = command_line_option;
+	spf.default_option = default_option;
+	spf.quiet = quiet;
+	spf.prefix = prefix;
+
+	if (!r->worktree)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (repo_read_index(r) < 0)
+		die("index file corrupt");
+
+	argv_array_push(&spf.args, "fetch");
+	for (i = 0; i < options->argc; i++)
+		argv_array_push(&spf.args, options->argv[i]);
+	argv_array_push(&spf.args, "--recurse-submodules-default");
+	/* default value, "--submodule-prefix" and its value are added later */
+
+	calculate_changed_submodule_paths();
+	run_processes_parallel(max_parallel_jobs,
+			       get_next_submodule,
+			       fetch_start_failure,
+			       fetch_finish,
+			       &spf);
+
+	argv_array_clear(&spf.args);
 out:
-	string_list_clear(&changed_submodule_paths, 1);
-	return result;
+	string_list_clear(&changed_submodule_names, 1);
+	return spf.result;
 }
 
 unsigned is_submodule_modified(const char *path, int ignore_untracked)
 {
-	ssize_t len;
 	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-	const char *argv[] = {
-		"status",
-		"--porcelain",
-		NULL,
-		NULL,
-	};
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *fp;
 	unsigned dirty_submodule = 0;
-	const char *line, *next_line;
 	const char *git_dir;
+	int ignore_cp_exit_code = 0;
 
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s/.git", path);
 	git_dir = read_gitfile(buf.buf);
 	if (!git_dir)
 		git_dir = buf.buf;
-	if (!is_directory(git_dir)) {
+	if (!is_git_directory(git_dir)) {
+		if (is_directory(git_dir))
+			die(_("'%s' not recognized as a git repository"), git_dir);
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 		/* The submodule is not checked out, so it is not modified */
 		return 0;
-
 	}
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
 
+	argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "status", "--porcelain=2", NULL);
 	if (ignore_untracked)
-		argv[2] = "-uno";
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, "-uno");
 
-	cp.argv = argv;
-	cp.env = local_repo_env;
+	prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
 	cp.git_cmd = 1;
 	cp.no_stdin = 1;
 	cp.out = -1;
 	cp.dir = path;
 	if (start_command(&cp))
-		die("Could not run 'git status --porcelain' in submodule %s", path);
+		die("Could not run 'git status --porcelain=2' in submodule %s", path);
 
-	len = strbuf_read(&buf, cp.out, 1024);
-	line = buf.buf;
-	while (len > 2) {
-		if ((line[0] == '?') && (line[1] == '?')) {
+	fp = xfdopen(cp.out, "r");
+	while (strbuf_getwholeline(&buf, fp, '\n') != EOF) {
+		/* regular untracked files */
+		if (buf.buf[0] == '?')
 			dirty_submodule |= DIRTY_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED;
-			if (dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED)
-				break;
-		} else {
-			dirty_submodule |= DIRTY_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED;
-			if (ignore_untracked ||
-			    (dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED))
-				break;
+
+		if (buf.buf[0] == 'u' ||
+		    buf.buf[0] == '1' ||
+		    buf.buf[0] == '2') {
+			/* T = line type, XY = status, SSSS = submodule state */
+			if (buf.len < strlen("T XY SSSS"))
+				BUG("invalid status --porcelain=2 line %s",
+				    buf.buf);
+
+			if (buf.buf[5] == 'S' && buf.buf[8] == 'U')
+				/* nested untracked file */
+				dirty_submodule |= DIRTY_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED;
+
+			if (buf.buf[0] == 'u' ||
+			    buf.buf[0] == '2' ||
+			    memcmp(buf.buf + 5, "S..U", 4))
+				/* other change */
+				dirty_submodule |= DIRTY_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED;
 		}
-		next_line = strchr(line, '\n');
-		if (!next_line)
+
+		if ((dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED) &&
+		    ((dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED) ||
+		     ignore_untracked)) {
+			/*
+			 * We're not interested in any further information from
+			 * the child any more, neither output nor its exit code.
+			 */
+			ignore_cp_exit_code = 1;
 			break;
-		next_line++;
-		len -= (next_line - line);
-		line = next_line;
+		}
 	}
-	close(cp.out);
+	fclose(fp);
 
-	if (finish_command(&cp))
-		die("'git status --porcelain' failed in submodule %s", path);
+	if (finish_command(&cp) && !ignore_cp_exit_code)
+		die("'git status --porcelain=2' failed in submodule %s", path);
 
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return dirty_submodule;
@@ -879,7 +1462,7 @@ int submodule_uses_gitfile(const char *path)
 
 	/* Now test that all nested submodules use a gitfile too */
 	cp.argv = argv;
-	cp.env = local_repo_env;
+	prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
 	cp.git_cmd = 1;
 	cp.no_stdin = 1;
 	cp.no_stderr = 1;
@@ -891,238 +1474,484 @@ int submodule_uses_gitfile(const char *path)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-int ok_to_remove_submodule(const char *path)
+/*
+ * Check if it is a bad idea to remove a submodule, i.e. if we'd lose data
+ * when doing so.
+ *
+ * Return 1 if we'd lose data, return 0 if the removal is fine,
+ * and negative values for errors.
+ */
+int bad_to_remove_submodule(const char *path, unsigned flags)
 {
-	struct stat st;
 	ssize_t len;
 	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-	const char *argv[] = {
-		"status",
-		"--porcelain",
-		"-u",
-		"--ignore-submodules=none",
-		NULL,
-	};
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int ok_to_remove = 1;
+	int ret = 0;
 
-	if ((lstat(path, &st) < 0) || is_empty_dir(path))
-		return 1;
+	if (!file_exists(path) || is_empty_dir(path))
+		return 0;
 
 	if (!submodule_uses_gitfile(path))
-		return 0;
+		return 1;
 
-	cp.argv = argv;
-	cp.env = local_repo_env;
+	argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "status", "--porcelain",
+				   "--ignore-submodules=none", NULL);
+
+	if (flags & SUBMODULE_REMOVAL_IGNORE_UNTRACKED)
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, "-uno");
+	else
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, "-uall");
+
+	if (!(flags & SUBMODULE_REMOVAL_IGNORE_IGNORED_UNTRACKED))
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, "--ignored");
+
+	prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
 	cp.git_cmd = 1;
 	cp.no_stdin = 1;
 	cp.out = -1;
 	cp.dir = path;
-	if (start_command(&cp))
-		die("Could not run 'git status --porcelain -uall --ignore-submodules=none' in submodule %s", path);
+	if (start_command(&cp)) {
+		if (flags & SUBMODULE_REMOVAL_DIE_ON_ERROR)
+			die(_("could not start 'git status' in submodule '%s'"),
+				path);
+		ret = -1;
+		goto out;
+	}
 
 	len = strbuf_read(&buf, cp.out, 1024);
 	if (len > 2)
-		ok_to_remove = 0;
+		ret = 1;
 	close(cp.out);
 
-	if (finish_command(&cp))
-		die("'git status --porcelain -uall --ignore-submodules=none' failed in submodule %s", path);
-
+	if (finish_command(&cp)) {
+		if (flags & SUBMODULE_REMOVAL_DIE_ON_ERROR)
+			die(_("could not run 'git status' in submodule '%s'"),
+				path);
+		ret = -1;
+	}
+out:
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	return ok_to_remove;
+	return ret;
 }
 
-static int find_first_merges(struct object_array *result, const char *path,
-		struct commit *a, struct commit *b)
+void submodule_unset_core_worktree(const struct submodule *sub)
 {
-	int i, j;
-	struct object_array merges = OBJECT_ARRAY_INIT;
-	struct commit *commit;
-	int contains_another;
-
-	char merged_revision[42];
-	const char *rev_args[] = { "rev-list", "--merges", "--ancestry-path",
-				   "--all", merged_revision, NULL };
-	struct rev_info revs;
-	struct setup_revision_opt rev_opts;
-
-	memset(result, 0, sizeof(struct object_array));
-	memset(&rev_opts, 0, sizeof(rev_opts));
-
-	/* get all revisions that merge commit a */
-	snprintf(merged_revision, sizeof(merged_revision), "^%s",
-			sha1_to_hex(a->object.sha1));
-	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
-	rev_opts.submodule = path;
-	setup_revisions(ARRAY_SIZE(rev_args)-1, rev_args, &revs, &rev_opts);
-
-	/* save all revisions from the above list that contain b */
-	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
-		die("revision walk setup failed");
-	while ((commit = get_revision(&revs)) != NULL) {
-		struct object *o = &(commit->object);
-		if (in_merge_bases(b, commit))
-			add_object_array(o, NULL, &merges);
-	}
-	reset_revision_walk();
+	char *config_path = xstrfmt("%s/modules/%s/config",
+				    get_git_common_dir(), sub->name);
 
-	/* Now we've got all merges that contain a and b. Prune all
-	 * merges that contain another found merge and save them in
-	 * result.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < merges.nr; i++) {
-		struct commit *m1 = (struct commit *) merges.objects[i].item;
-
-		contains_another = 0;
-		for (j = 0; j < merges.nr; j++) {
-			struct commit *m2 = (struct commit *) merges.objects[j].item;
-			if (i != j && in_merge_bases(m2, m1)) {
-				contains_another = 1;
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-
-		if (!contains_another)
-			add_object_array(merges.objects[i].item, NULL, result);
-	}
+	if (git_config_set_in_file_gently(config_path, "core.worktree", NULL))
+		warning(_("Could not unset core.worktree setting in submodule '%s'"),
+			  sub->path);
 
-	free(merges.objects);
-	return result->nr;
+	free(config_path);
 }
 
-static void print_commit(struct commit *commit)
+static const char *get_super_prefix_or_empty(void)
 {
-	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
-	ctx.date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
-	format_commit_message(commit, " %h: %m %s", &sb, &ctx);
-	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", sb.buf);
-	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	const char *s = get_super_prefix();
+	if (!s)
+		s = "";
+	return s;
 }
 
-#define MERGE_WARNING(path, msg) \
-	warning("Failed to merge submodule %s (%s)", path, msg);
+static int submodule_has_dirty_index(const struct submodule *sub)
+{
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+	prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
+
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+	argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "diff-index", "--quiet",
+				   "--cached", "HEAD", NULL);
+	cp.no_stdin = 1;
+	cp.no_stdout = 1;
+	cp.dir = sub->path;
+	if (start_command(&cp))
+		die("could not recurse into submodule '%s'", sub->path);
+
+	return finish_command(&cp);
+}
 
-int merge_submodule(unsigned char result[20], const char *path,
-		    const unsigned char base[20], const unsigned char a[20],
-		    const unsigned char b[20], int search)
+static void submodule_reset_index(const char *path)
 {
-	struct commit *commit_base, *commit_a, *commit_b;
-	int parent_count;
-	struct object_array merges;
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
 
-	int i;
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+	cp.no_stdin = 1;
+	cp.dir = path;
 
-	/* store a in result in case we fail */
-	hashcpy(result, a);
+	argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "--super-prefix=%s%s/",
+				   get_super_prefix_or_empty(), path);
+	argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "read-tree", "-u", "--reset", NULL);
 
-	/* we can not handle deletion conflicts */
-	if (is_null_sha1(base))
-		return 0;
-	if (is_null_sha1(a))
-		return 0;
-	if (is_null_sha1(b))
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, empty_tree_oid_hex());
+
+	if (run_command(&cp))
+		die("could not reset submodule index");
+}
+
+/**
+ * Moves a submodule at a given path from a given head to another new head.
+ * For edge cases (a submodule coming into existence or removing a submodule)
+ * pass NULL for old or new respectively.
+ */
+int submodule_move_head(const char *path,
+			 const char *old_head,
+			 const char *new_head,
+			 unsigned flags)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	const struct submodule *sub;
+	int *error_code_ptr, error_code;
+
+	if (!is_submodule_active(the_repository, path))
 		return 0;
 
-	if (add_submodule_odb(path)) {
-		MERGE_WARNING(path, "not checked out");
+	if (flags & SUBMODULE_MOVE_HEAD_FORCE)
+		/*
+		 * Pass non NULL pointer to is_submodule_populated_gently
+		 * to prevent die()-ing. We'll use connect_work_tree_and_git_dir
+		 * to fixup the submodule in the force case later.
+		 */
+		error_code_ptr = &error_code;
+	else
+		error_code_ptr = NULL;
+
+	if (old_head && !is_submodule_populated_gently(path, error_code_ptr))
 		return 0;
+
+	sub = submodule_from_path(the_repository, &null_oid, path);
+
+	if (!sub)
+		BUG("could not get submodule information for '%s'", path);
+
+	if (old_head && !(flags & SUBMODULE_MOVE_HEAD_FORCE)) {
+		/* Check if the submodule has a dirty index. */
+		if (submodule_has_dirty_index(sub))
+			return error(_("submodule '%s' has dirty index"), path);
 	}
 
-	if (!(commit_base = lookup_commit_reference(base)) ||
-	    !(commit_a = lookup_commit_reference(a)) ||
-	    !(commit_b = lookup_commit_reference(b))) {
-		MERGE_WARNING(path, "commits not present");
-		return 0;
+	if (!(flags & SUBMODULE_MOVE_HEAD_DRY_RUN)) {
+		if (old_head) {
+			if (!submodule_uses_gitfile(path))
+				absorb_git_dir_into_superproject("", path,
+					ABSORB_GITDIR_RECURSE_SUBMODULES);
+		} else {
+			char *gitdir = xstrfmt("%s/modules/%s",
+				    get_git_common_dir(), sub->name);
+			connect_work_tree_and_git_dir(path, gitdir, 0);
+			free(gitdir);
+
+			/* make sure the index is clean as well */
+			submodule_reset_index(path);
+		}
+
+		if (old_head && (flags & SUBMODULE_MOVE_HEAD_FORCE)) {
+			char *gitdir = xstrfmt("%s/modules/%s",
+				    get_git_common_dir(), sub->name);
+			connect_work_tree_and_git_dir(path, gitdir, 1);
+			free(gitdir);
+		}
 	}
 
-	/* check whether both changes are forward */
-	if (!in_merge_bases(commit_base, commit_a) ||
-	    !in_merge_bases(commit_base, commit_b)) {
-		MERGE_WARNING(path, "commits don't follow merge-base");
-		return 0;
+	prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
+
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+	cp.no_stdin = 1;
+	cp.dir = path;
+
+	argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "--super-prefix=%s%s/",
+			get_super_prefix_or_empty(), path);
+	argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "read-tree", "--recurse-submodules", NULL);
+
+	if (flags & SUBMODULE_MOVE_HEAD_DRY_RUN)
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, "-n");
+	else
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, "-u");
+
+	if (flags & SUBMODULE_MOVE_HEAD_FORCE)
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, "--reset");
+	else
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, "-m");
+
+	if (!(flags & SUBMODULE_MOVE_HEAD_FORCE))
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, old_head ? old_head : empty_tree_oid_hex());
+
+	argv_array_push(&cp.args, new_head ? new_head : empty_tree_oid_hex());
+
+	if (run_command(&cp)) {
+		ret = error(_("Submodule '%s' could not be updated."), path);
+		goto out;
 	}
 
-	/* Case #1: a is contained in b or vice versa */
-	if (in_merge_bases(commit_a, commit_b)) {
-		hashcpy(result, b);
-		return 1;
+	if (!(flags & SUBMODULE_MOVE_HEAD_DRY_RUN)) {
+		if (new_head) {
+			child_process_init(&cp);
+			/* also set the HEAD accordingly */
+			cp.git_cmd = 1;
+			cp.no_stdin = 1;
+			cp.dir = path;
+
+			prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
+			argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "update-ref", "HEAD",
+					 "--no-deref", new_head, NULL);
+
+			if (run_command(&cp)) {
+				ret = -1;
+				goto out;
+			}
+		} else {
+			struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+			strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/.git", path);
+			unlink_or_warn(sb.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+			if (is_empty_dir(path))
+				rmdir_or_warn(path);
+
+			submodule_unset_core_worktree(sub);
+		}
 	}
-	if (in_merge_bases(commit_b, commit_a)) {
-		hashcpy(result, a);
-		return 1;
+out:
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Embeds a single submodules git directory into the superprojects git dir,
+ * non recursively.
+ */
+static void relocate_single_git_dir_into_superproject(const char *prefix,
+						      const char *path)
+{
+	char *old_git_dir = NULL, *real_old_git_dir = NULL, *real_new_git_dir = NULL;
+	const char *new_git_dir;
+	const struct submodule *sub;
+
+	if (submodule_uses_worktrees(path))
+		die(_("relocate_gitdir for submodule '%s' with "
+		      "more than one worktree not supported"), path);
+
+	old_git_dir = xstrfmt("%s/.git", path);
+	if (read_gitfile(old_git_dir))
+		/* If it is an actual gitfile, it doesn't need migration. */
+		return;
+
+	real_old_git_dir = real_pathdup(old_git_dir, 1);
+
+	sub = submodule_from_path(the_repository, &null_oid, path);
+	if (!sub)
+		die(_("could not lookup name for submodule '%s'"), path);
+
+	new_git_dir = git_path("modules/%s", sub->name);
+	if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(new_git_dir) < 0)
+		die(_("could not create directory '%s'"), new_git_dir);
+	real_new_git_dir = real_pathdup(new_git_dir, 1);
+
+	fprintf(stderr, _("Migrating git directory of '%s%s' from\n'%s' to\n'%s'\n"),
+		get_super_prefix_or_empty(), path,
+		real_old_git_dir, real_new_git_dir);
+
+	relocate_gitdir(path, real_old_git_dir, real_new_git_dir);
+
+	free(old_git_dir);
+	free(real_old_git_dir);
+	free(real_new_git_dir);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Migrate the git directory of the submodule given by path from
+ * having its git directory within the working tree to the git dir nested
+ * in its superprojects git dir under modules/.
+ */
+void absorb_git_dir_into_superproject(const char *prefix,
+				      const char *path,
+				      unsigned flags)
+{
+	int err_code;
+	const char *sub_git_dir;
+	struct strbuf gitdir = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addf(&gitdir, "%s/.git", path);
+	sub_git_dir = resolve_gitdir_gently(gitdir.buf, &err_code);
+
+	/* Not populated? */
+	if (!sub_git_dir) {
+		const struct submodule *sub;
+
+		if (err_code == READ_GITFILE_ERR_STAT_FAILED) {
+			/* unpopulated as expected */
+			strbuf_release(&gitdir);
+			return;
+		}
+
+		if (err_code != READ_GITFILE_ERR_NOT_A_REPO)
+			/* We don't know what broke here. */
+			read_gitfile_error_die(err_code, path, NULL);
+
+		/*
+		* Maybe populated, but no git directory was found?
+		* This can happen if the superproject is a submodule
+		* itself and was just absorbed. The absorption of the
+		* superproject did not rewrite the git file links yet,
+		* fix it now.
+		*/
+		sub = submodule_from_path(the_repository, &null_oid, path);
+		if (!sub)
+			die(_("could not lookup name for submodule '%s'"), path);
+		connect_work_tree_and_git_dir(path,
+			git_path("modules/%s", sub->name), 0);
+	} else {
+		/* Is it already absorbed into the superprojects git dir? */
+		char *real_sub_git_dir = real_pathdup(sub_git_dir, 1);
+		char *real_common_git_dir = real_pathdup(get_git_common_dir(), 1);
+
+		if (!starts_with(real_sub_git_dir, real_common_git_dir))
+			relocate_single_git_dir_into_superproject(prefix, path);
+
+		free(real_sub_git_dir);
+		free(real_common_git_dir);
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&gitdir);
 
-	/*
-	 * Case #2: There are one or more merges that contain a and b in
-	 * the submodule. If there is only one, then present it as a
-	 * suggestion to the user, but leave it marked unmerged so the
-	 * user needs to confirm the resolution.
-	 */
+	if (flags & ABSORB_GITDIR_RECURSE_SUBMODULES) {
+		struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	/* Skip the search if makes no sense to the calling context.  */
-	if (!search)
-		return 0;
+		if (flags & ~ABSORB_GITDIR_RECURSE_SUBMODULES)
+			BUG("we don't know how to pass the flags down?");
 
-	/* find commit which merges them */
-	parent_count = find_first_merges(&merges, path, commit_a, commit_b);
-	switch (parent_count) {
-	case 0:
-		MERGE_WARNING(path, "merge following commits not found");
-		break;
-
-	case 1:
-		MERGE_WARNING(path, "not fast-forward");
-		fprintf(stderr, "Found a possible merge resolution "
-				"for the submodule:\n");
-		print_commit((struct commit *) merges.objects[0].item);
-		fprintf(stderr,
-			"If this is correct simply add it to the index "
-			"for example\n"
-			"by using:\n\n"
-			"  git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n\n"
-			"which will accept this suggestion.\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(merges.objects[0].item->sha1), path);
-		break;
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, get_super_prefix_or_empty());
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, path);
+		strbuf_addch(&sb, '/');
 
-	default:
-		MERGE_WARNING(path, "multiple merges found");
-		for (i = 0; i < merges.nr; i++)
-			print_commit((struct commit *) merges.objects[i].item);
+		cp.dir = path;
+		cp.git_cmd = 1;
+		cp.no_stdin = 1;
+		argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "--super-prefix", sb.buf,
+					   "submodule--helper",
+					   "absorb-git-dirs", NULL);
+		prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
+		if (run_command(&cp))
+			die(_("could not recurse into submodule '%s'"), path);
+
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
 	}
+}
 
-	free(merges.objects);
-	return 0;
+const char *get_superproject_working_tree(void)
+{
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *one_up = real_path_if_valid("../");
+	const char *cwd = xgetcwd();
+	const char *ret = NULL;
+	const char *subpath;
+	int code;
+	ssize_t len;
+
+	if (!is_inside_work_tree())
+		/*
+		 * FIXME:
+		 * We might have a superproject, but it is harder
+		 * to determine.
+		 */
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (!one_up)
+		return NULL;
+
+	subpath = relative_path(cwd, one_up, &sb);
+
+	prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
+	argv_array_pop(&cp.env_array);
+
+	argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "--literal-pathspecs", "-C", "..",
+			"ls-files", "-z", "--stage", "--full-name", "--",
+			subpath, NULL);
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+
+	cp.no_stdin = 1;
+	cp.no_stderr = 1;
+	cp.out = -1;
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+
+	if (start_command(&cp))
+		die(_("could not start ls-files in .."));
+
+	len = strbuf_read(&sb, cp.out, PATH_MAX);
+	close(cp.out);
+
+	if (starts_with(sb.buf, "160000")) {
+		int super_sub_len;
+		int cwd_len = strlen(cwd);
+		char *super_sub, *super_wt;
+
+		/*
+		 * There is a superproject having this repo as a submodule.
+		 * The format is <mode> SP <hash> SP <stage> TAB <full name> \0,
+		 * We're only interested in the name after the tab.
+		 */
+		super_sub = strchr(sb.buf, '\t') + 1;
+		super_sub_len = sb.buf + sb.len - super_sub - 1;
+
+		if (super_sub_len > cwd_len ||
+		    strcmp(&cwd[cwd_len - super_sub_len], super_sub))
+			BUG("returned path string doesn't match cwd?");
+
+		super_wt = xstrdup(cwd);
+		super_wt[cwd_len - super_sub_len] = '\0';
+
+		ret = real_path(super_wt);
+		free(super_wt);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+	code = finish_command(&cp);
+
+	if (code == 128)
+		/* '../' is not a git repository */
+		return NULL;
+	if (code == 0 && len == 0)
+		/* There is an unrelated git repository at '../' */
+		return NULL;
+	if (code)
+		die(_("ls-tree returned unexpected return code %d"), code);
+
+	return ret;
 }
 
-/* Update gitfile and core.worktree setting to connect work tree and git dir */
-void connect_work_tree_and_git_dir(const char *work_tree, const char *git_dir)
+/*
+ * Put the gitdir for a submodule (given relative to the main
+ * repository worktree) into `buf`, or return -1 on error.
+ */
+int submodule_to_gitdir(struct strbuf *buf, const char *submodule)
 {
-	struct strbuf file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf rel_path = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *real_work_tree = xstrdup(real_path(work_tree));
-	FILE *fp;
+	const struct submodule *sub;
+	const char *git_dir;
+	int ret = 0;
 
-	/* Update gitfile */
-	strbuf_addf(&file_name, "%s/.git", work_tree);
-	fp = fopen(file_name.buf, "w");
-	if (!fp)
-		die(_("Could not create git link %s"), file_name.buf);
-	fprintf(fp, "gitdir: %s\n", relative_path(git_dir, real_work_tree,
-						  &rel_path));
-	fclose(fp);
+	strbuf_reset(buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, submodule);
+	strbuf_complete(buf, '/');
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, ".git");
 
-	/* Update core.worktree setting */
-	strbuf_reset(&file_name);
-	strbuf_addf(&file_name, "%s/config", git_dir);
-	if (git_config_set_in_file(file_name.buf, "core.worktree",
-				   relative_path(real_work_tree, git_dir,
-						 &rel_path)))
-		die(_("Could not set core.worktree in %s"),
-		    file_name.buf);
-
-	strbuf_release(&file_name);
-	strbuf_release(&rel_path);
-	free((void *)real_work_tree);
+	git_dir = read_gitfile(buf->buf);
+	if (git_dir) {
+		strbuf_reset(buf);
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, git_dir);
+	}
+	if (!is_git_directory(buf->buf)) {
+		sub = submodule_from_path(the_repository, &null_oid, submodule);
+		if (!sub) {
+			ret = -1;
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+		strbuf_reset(buf);
+		strbuf_git_path(buf, "%s/%s", "modules", sub->name);
+	}
+
+cleanup:
+	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/submodule.h b/submodule.h
index 7beec4822b..7d476cefa7 100644
--- a/submodule.h
+++ b/submodule.h
@@ -1,45 +1,151 @@
 #ifndef SUBMODULE_H
 #define SUBMODULE_H
 
-struct diff_options;
 struct argv_array;
+struct cache_entry;
+struct diff_options;
+struct index_state;
+struct object_id;
+struct oid_array;
+struct pathspec;
+struct remote;
+struct repository;
+struct string_list;
+struct strbuf;
 
 enum {
+	RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ONLY = -5,
+	RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK = -4,
+	RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ERROR = -3,
+	RECURSE_SUBMODULES_NONE = -2,
 	RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND = -1,
 	RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF = 0,
 	RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT = 1,
 	RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON = 2
 };
 
-int is_staging_gitmodules_ok(void);
+enum submodule_update_type {
+	SM_UPDATE_UNSPECIFIED = 0,
+	SM_UPDATE_CHECKOUT,
+	SM_UPDATE_REBASE,
+	SM_UPDATE_MERGE,
+	SM_UPDATE_NONE,
+	SM_UPDATE_COMMAND
+};
+
+struct submodule_update_strategy {
+	enum submodule_update_type type;
+	const char *command;
+};
+#define SUBMODULE_UPDATE_STRATEGY_INIT {SM_UPDATE_UNSPECIFIED, NULL}
+
+int is_gitmodules_unmerged(const struct index_state *istate);
+int is_staging_gitmodules_ok(struct index_state *istate);
 int update_path_in_gitmodules(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath);
 int remove_path_from_gitmodules(const char *path);
-void stage_updated_gitmodules(void);
-void set_diffopt_flags_from_submodule_config(struct diff_options *diffopt,
-		const char *path);
-int submodule_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
-void gitmodules_config(void);
-int parse_submodule_config_option(const char *var, const char *value);
-void handle_ignore_submodules_arg(struct diff_options *diffopt, const char *);
-int parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg);
-void show_submodule_summary(FILE *f, const char *path,
-		const char *line_prefix,
-		unsigned char one[20], unsigned char two[20],
-		unsigned dirty_submodule, const char *meta,
-		const char *del, const char *add, const char *reset);
-void set_config_fetch_recurse_submodules(int value);
-void check_for_new_submodule_commits(unsigned char new_sha1[20]);
-int fetch_populated_submodules(const struct argv_array *options,
-			       const char *prefix, int command_line_option,
-			       int quiet);
+void stage_updated_gitmodules(struct index_state *istate);
+void set_diffopt_flags_from_submodule_config(struct diff_options *,
+					     const char *path);
+int git_default_submodule_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
+
+struct option;
+int option_parse_recurse_submodules_worktree_updater(const struct option *opt,
+						     const char *arg, int unset);
+int is_submodule_active(struct repository *repo, const char *path);
+/*
+ * Determine if a submodule has been populated at a given 'path' by checking if
+ * the <path>/.git resolves to a valid git repository.
+ * If return_error_code is NULL, die on error.
+ * Otherwise the return error code is the same as of resolve_gitdir_gently.
+ */
+int is_submodule_populated_gently(const char *path, int *return_error_code);
+void die_in_unpopulated_submodule(const struct index_state *istate,
+				  const char *prefix);
+void die_path_inside_submodule(const struct index_state *istate,
+			       const struct pathspec *ps);
+enum submodule_update_type parse_submodule_update_type(const char *value);
+int parse_submodule_update_strategy(const char *value,
+				    struct submodule_update_strategy *dst);
+const char *submodule_strategy_to_string(const struct submodule_update_strategy *s);
+void handle_ignore_submodules_arg(struct diff_options *, const char *);
+void show_submodule_summary(struct diff_options *o, const char *path,
+			    struct object_id *one, struct object_id *two,
+			    unsigned dirty_submodule);
+void show_submodule_inline_diff(struct diff_options *o, const char *path,
+				struct object_id *one, struct object_id *two,
+				unsigned dirty_submodule);
+/* Check if we want to update any submodule.*/
+int should_update_submodules(void);
+/*
+ * Returns the submodule struct if the given ce entry is a submodule
+ * and it should be updated. Returns NULL otherwise.
+ */
+const struct submodule *submodule_from_ce(const struct cache_entry *ce);
+void check_for_new_submodule_commits(struct object_id *oid);
+int fetch_populated_submodules(struct repository *r,
+			       const struct argv_array *options,
+			       const char *prefix,
+			       int command_line_option,
+			       int default_option,
+			       int quiet, int max_parallel_jobs);
 unsigned is_submodule_modified(const char *path, int ignore_untracked);
 int submodule_uses_gitfile(const char *path);
-int ok_to_remove_submodule(const char *path);
-int merge_submodule(unsigned char result[20], const char *path, const unsigned char base[20],
-		    const unsigned char a[20], const unsigned char b[20], int search);
-int find_unpushed_submodules(unsigned char new_sha1[20], const char *remotes_name,
-		struct string_list *needs_pushing);
-int push_unpushed_submodules(unsigned char new_sha1[20], const char *remotes_name);
-void connect_work_tree_and_git_dir(const char *work_tree, const char *git_dir);
+
+#define SUBMODULE_REMOVAL_DIE_ON_ERROR (1<<0)
+#define SUBMODULE_REMOVAL_IGNORE_UNTRACKED (1<<1)
+#define SUBMODULE_REMOVAL_IGNORE_IGNORED_UNTRACKED (1<<2)
+int bad_to_remove_submodule(const char *path, unsigned flags);
+
+int add_submodule_odb(const char *path);
+
+/*
+ * Checks if there are submodule changes in a..b. If a is the null OID,
+ * checks b and all its ancestors instead.
+ */
+int submodule_touches_in_range(struct object_id *a,
+			       struct object_id *b);
+int find_unpushed_submodules(struct oid_array *commits,
+			     const char *remotes_name,
+			     struct string_list *needs_pushing);
+struct refspec;
+int push_unpushed_submodules(struct oid_array *commits,
+			     const struct remote *remote,
+			     const struct refspec *rs,
+			     const struct string_list *push_options,
+			     int dry_run);
+/*
+ * Given a submodule path (as in the index), return the repository
+ * path of that submodule in 'buf'. Return -1 on error or when the
+ * submodule is not initialized.
+ */
+int submodule_to_gitdir(struct strbuf *buf, const char *submodule);
+
+#define SUBMODULE_MOVE_HEAD_DRY_RUN (1<<0)
+#define SUBMODULE_MOVE_HEAD_FORCE   (1<<1)
+int submodule_move_head(const char *path,
+			const char *old,
+			const char *new_head,
+			unsigned flags);
+
+void submodule_unset_core_worktree(const struct submodule *sub);
+
+/*
+ * Prepare the "env_array" parameter of a "struct child_process" for executing
+ * a submodule by clearing any repo-specific environment variables, but
+ * retaining any config in the environment.
+ */
+void prepare_submodule_repo_env(struct argv_array *out);
+
+#define ABSORB_GITDIR_RECURSE_SUBMODULES (1<<0)
+void absorb_git_dir_into_superproject(const char *prefix,
+				      const char *path,
+				      unsigned flags);
+
+/*
+ * Return the absolute path of the working tree of the superproject, which this
+ * project is a submodule of. If this repository is not a submodule of
+ * another repository, return NULL.
+ */
+const char *get_superproject_working_tree(void);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/t/.gitattributes b/t/.gitattributes
index 2d44088f56..e7acedabe1 100644
--- a/t/.gitattributes
+++ b/t/.gitattributes
@@ -1,2 +1,24 @@
 t[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]/* -whitespace
-t0110/url-* binary
+/chainlint/*.expect eol=lf
+/diff-lib/* eol=lf
+/t0110/url-* binary
+/t3206/* eol=lf
+/t3900/*.txt eol=lf
+/t3901/*.txt eol=lf
+/t4034/*/* eol=lf
+/t4013/* eol=lf
+/t4018/* eol=lf
+/t4051/* eol=lf
+/t4100/* eol=lf
+/t4101/* eol=lf
+/t4109/* eol=lf
+/t4110/* eol=lf
+/t4135/* eol=lf
+/t4211/* eol=lf
+/t4252/* eol=lf
+/t5100/* eol=lf
+/t5515/* eol=lf
+/t556x_common eol=lf
+/t7500/* eol=lf
+/t8005/*.txt eol=lf
+/t9*/*.dump eol=lf
diff --git a/t/.gitignore b/t/.gitignore
index 4e731dc1e3..348715f0e4 100644
--- a/t/.gitignore
+++ b/t/.gitignore
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 /trash directory*
 /test-results
 /.prove
+/chainlinttmp
diff --git a/t/Makefile b/t/Makefile
index 43b15e36ae..c83fd18861 100644
--- a/t/Makefile
+++ b/t/Makefile
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 #GIT_TEST_OPTS = --verbose --debug
 SHELL_PATH ?= $(SHELL)
+TEST_SHELL_PATH ?= $(SHELL_PATH)
 PERL_PATH ?= /usr/bin/perl
 TAR ?= $(TAR)
 RM ?= rm -f
@@ -17,43 +18,67 @@ TEST_LINT ?= test-lint
 
 ifdef TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY
 TEST_RESULTS_DIRECTORY = $(TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY)/test-results
+CHAINLINTTMP = $(TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY)/chainlinttmp
 else
 TEST_RESULTS_DIRECTORY = test-results
+CHAINLINTTMP = chainlinttmp
 endif
 
 # Shell quote;
 SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
+TEST_SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(TEST_SHELL_PATH))
 PERL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PERL_PATH))
 TEST_RESULTS_DIRECTORY_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(TEST_RESULTS_DIRECTORY))
+CHAINLINTTMP_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(CHAINLINTTMP))
 
 T = $(sort $(wildcard t[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-*.sh))
-TSVN = $(sort $(wildcard t91[0-9][0-9]-*.sh))
 TGITWEB = $(sort $(wildcard t95[0-9][0-9]-*.sh))
 THELPERS = $(sort $(filter-out $(T),$(wildcard *.sh)))
+CHAINLINTTESTS = $(sort $(patsubst chainlint/%.test,%,$(wildcard chainlint/*.test)))
+CHAINLINT = sed -f chainlint.sed
 
 all: $(DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET)
 
-test: pre-clean $(TEST_LINT)
+test: pre-clean check-chainlint $(TEST_LINT)
 	$(MAKE) aggregate-results-and-cleanup
 
-prove: pre-clean $(TEST_LINT)
-	@echo "*** prove ***"; $(PROVE) --exec '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $(GIT_PROVE_OPTS) $(T) :: $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
+failed:
+	@failed=$$(cd '$(TEST_RESULTS_DIRECTORY_SQ)' && \
+		grep -l '^failed [1-9]' *.counts | \
+		sed -n 's/\.counts$$/.sh/p') && \
+	test -z "$$failed" || $(MAKE) $$failed
+
+prove: pre-clean check-chainlint $(TEST_LINT)
+	@echo "*** prove ***"; $(PROVE) --exec '$(TEST_SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $(GIT_PROVE_OPTS) $(T) :: $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
 	$(MAKE) clean-except-prove-cache
 
 $(T):
-	@echo "*** $@ ***"; '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $@ $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
+	@echo "*** $@ ***"; '$(TEST_SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $@ $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
 
 pre-clean:
 	$(RM) -r '$(TEST_RESULTS_DIRECTORY_SQ)'
 
-clean-except-prove-cache:
+clean-except-prove-cache: clean-chainlint
 	$(RM) -r 'trash directory'.* '$(TEST_RESULTS_DIRECTORY_SQ)'
 	$(RM) -r valgrind/bin
 
 clean: clean-except-prove-cache
 	$(RM) .prove
 
-test-lint: test-lint-duplicates test-lint-executable test-lint-shell-syntax
+clean-chainlint:
+	$(RM) -r '$(CHAINLINTTMP_SQ)'
+
+check-chainlint:
+	@mkdir -p '$(CHAINLINTTMP_SQ)' && \
+	err=0 && \
+	for i in $(CHAINLINTTESTS); do \
+		$(CHAINLINT) <chainlint/$$i.test | \
+		sed -e '/^# LINT: /d' >'$(CHAINLINTTMP_SQ)'/$$i.actual && \
+		diff -u chainlint/$$i.expect '$(CHAINLINTTMP_SQ)'/$$i.actual || err=1; \
+	done && exit $$err
+
+test-lint: test-lint-duplicates test-lint-executable test-lint-shell-syntax \
+	test-lint-filenames
 
 test-lint-duplicates:
 	@dups=`echo $(T) | tr ' ' '\n' | sed 's/-.*//' | sort | uniq -d` && \
@@ -68,6 +93,14 @@ test-lint-executable:
 test-lint-shell-syntax:
 	@'$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' check-non-portable-shell.pl $(T) $(THELPERS)
 
+test-lint-filenames:
+	@# We do *not* pass a glob to ls-files but use grep instead, to catch
+	@# non-ASCII characters (which are quoted within double-quotes)
+	@bad="$$(git -c core.quotepath=true ls-files 2>/dev/null | \
+			grep '["*:<>?\\|]')"; \
+		test -z "$$bad" || { \
+		echo >&2 "non-portable file name(s): $$bad"; exit 1; }
+
 aggregate-results-and-cleanup: $(T)
 	$(MAKE) aggregate-results
 	$(MAKE) clean
@@ -77,11 +110,6 @@ aggregate-results:
 		echo "$$f"; \
 	done | '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./aggregate-results.sh
 
-# we can test NO_OPTIMIZE_COMMITS independently of LC_ALL
-full-svn-test:
-	$(MAKE) $(TSVN) GIT_SVN_NO_OPTIMIZE_COMMITS=1 LC_ALL=C
-	$(MAKE) $(TSVN) GIT_SVN_NO_OPTIMIZE_COMMITS=0 LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
-
 gitweb-test:
 	$(MAKE) $(TGITWEB)
 
@@ -91,4 +119,4 @@ valgrind:
 perf:
 	$(MAKE) -C perf/ all
 
-.PHONY: pre-clean $(T) aggregate-results clean valgrind perf
+.PHONY: pre-clean $(T) aggregate-results clean valgrind perf check-chainlint clean-chainlint
diff --git a/t/README b/t/README
index 35438bca48..9028b47d92 100644
--- a/t/README
+++ b/t/README
@@ -84,9 +84,10 @@ appropriately before running "make".
 
 -x::
 	Turn on shell tracing (i.e., `set -x`) during the tests
-	themselves. Implies `--verbose`. Note that this can cause
-	failures in some tests which redirect and test the
-	output of shell functions. Use with caution.
+	themselves. Implies `--verbose`.
+	Ignored in test scripts that set the variable 'test_untraceable'
+	to a non-empty value, unless it's run with a Bash version
+	supporting BASH_XTRACEFD, i.e. v4.1 or later.
 
 -d::
 --debug::
@@ -153,6 +154,12 @@ appropriately before running "make".
 	As the names depend on the tests' file names, it is safe to
 	run the tests with this option in parallel.
 
+--verbose-log::
+	Write verbose output to the same logfile as `--tee`, but do
+	_not_ write it to stdout. Unlike `--tee --verbose`, this option
+	is safe to use when stdout is being consumed by a TAP parser
+	like `prove`. Implies `--tee` and `--verbose`.
+
 --with-dashes::
 	By default tests are run without dashed forms of
 	commands (like git-commit) in the PATH (it only uses
@@ -259,13 +266,13 @@ or:
 
     $ sh ./t9200-git-cvsexport-commit.sh --run='-3 21'
 
-As noted above, the test set is built going though items left to
-right, so this:
+As noted above, the test set is built by going through the items
+from left to right, so this:
 
     $ sh ./t9200-git-cvsexport-commit.sh --run='1-4 !3'
 
-will run tests 1, 2, and 4.  Items that comes later have higher
-precendence.  It means that this:
+will run tests 1, 2, and 4.  Items that come later have higher
+precedence.  It means that this:
 
     $ sh ./t9200-git-cvsexport-commit.sh --run='!3 1-4'
 
@@ -286,6 +293,32 @@ and know what setup is needed for it.  Or when you want to run
 everything up to a certain test.
 
 
+Running tests with special setups
+---------------------------------
+
+The whole test suite could be run to test some special features
+that cannot be easily covered by a few specific test cases. These
+could be enabled by running the test suite with correct GIT_TEST_
+environment set.
+
+GIT_TEST_SPLIT_INDEX=<boolean> forces split-index mode on the whole
+test suite. Accept any boolean values that are accepted by git-config.
+
+GIT_TEST_FULL_IN_PACK_ARRAY=<boolean> exercises the uncommon
+pack-objects code path where there are more than 1024 packs even if
+the actual number of packs in repository is below this limit. Accept
+any boolean values that are accepted by git-config.
+
+GIT_TEST_OE_SIZE=<n> exercises the uncommon pack-objects code path
+where we do not cache object size in memory and read it from existing
+packs on demand. This normally only happens when the object size is
+over 2GB. This variable forces the code path on any object larger than
+<n> bytes.
+
+GIT_TEST_OE_DELTA_SIZE=<n> exercises the uncomon pack-objects code
+path where deltas larger than this limit require extra memory
+allocation for bookkeeping.
+
 Naming Tests
 ------------
 
@@ -326,13 +359,10 @@ Writing Tests
 -------------
 
 The test script is written as a shell script.  It should start
-with the standard "#!/bin/sh" with copyright notices, and an
+with the standard "#!/bin/sh", and an
 assignment to variable 'test_description', like this:
 
 	#!/bin/sh
-	#
-	# Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
-	#
 
 	test_description='xxx test (option --frotz)
 
@@ -449,6 +479,22 @@ Don't:
    causing the next test to start in an unexpected directory.  Do so
    inside a subshell if necessary.
 
+ - save and verify the standard error of compound commands, i.e. group
+   commands, subshells, and shell functions (except test helper
+   functions like 'test_must_fail') like this:
+
+     ( cd dir && git cmd ) 2>error &&
+     test_cmp expect error
+
+   When running the test with '-x' tracing, then the trace of commands
+   executed in the compound command will be included in standard error
+   as well, quite possibly throwing off the subsequent checks examining
+   the output.  Instead, save only the relevant git command's standard
+   error:
+
+     ( cd dir && git cmd 2>../error ) &&
+     test_cmp expect error
+
  - Break the TAP output
 
    The raw output from your test may be interpreted by a TAP harness. TAP
@@ -465,13 +511,13 @@ Don't:
    their output.
 
    You can glean some further possible issues from the TAP grammar
-   (see http://search.cpan.org/perldoc?TAP::Parser::Grammar#TAP_Grammar)
+   (see https://metacpan.org/pod/TAP::Parser::Grammar#TAP-GRAMMAR)
    but the best indication is to just run the tests with prove(1),
    it'll complain if anything is amiss.
 
 Keep in mind:
 
- - Inside <script> part, the standard output and standard error
+ - Inside the <script> part, the standard output and standard error
    streams are discarded, and the test harness only reports "ok" or
    "not ok" to the end user running the tests. Under --verbose, they
    are shown to help debugging the tests.
@@ -563,6 +609,11 @@ library for your script to use.
    argument.  This is primarily meant for use during the
    development of a new test script.
 
+ - debug <git-command>
+
+   Run a git command inside a debugger. This is primarily meant for
+   use when debugging a failing test script.
+
  - test_done
 
    Your test script must have test_done at the end.  Its purpose
@@ -600,9 +651,11 @@ library for your script to use.
 
  - test_have_prereq <prereq>
 
-   Check if we have a prerequisite previously set with
-   test_set_prereq. The most common use of this directly is to skip
-   all the tests if we don't have some essential prerequisite:
+   Check if we have a prerequisite previously set with test_set_prereq.
+   The most common way to use this explicitly (as opposed to the
+   implicit use when an argument is passed to test_expect_*) is to skip
+   all the tests at the start of the test script if we don't have some
+   essential prerequisite:
 
 	if ! test_have_prereq PERL
 	then
@@ -645,7 +698,7 @@ library for your script to use.
 		test_expect_code 1 git merge "merge msg" B master
 	'
 
- - test_must_fail <git-command>
+ - test_must_fail [<options>] <git-command>
 
    Run a git command and ensure it fails in a controlled way.  Use
    this instead of "! <git-command>".  When git-command dies due to a
@@ -653,17 +706,32 @@ library for your script to use.
    treats it as just another expected failure, which would let such a
    bug go unnoticed.
 
- - test_might_fail <git-command>
+   Accepts the following options:
+
+     ok=<signal-name>[,<...>]:
+       Don't treat an exit caused by the given signal as error.
+       Multiple signals can be specified as a comma separated list.
+       Currently recognized signal names are: sigpipe, success.
+       (Don't use 'success', use 'test_might_fail' instead.)
+
+ - test_might_fail [<options>] <git-command>
 
    Similar to test_must_fail, but tolerate success, too.  Use this
    instead of "<git-command> || :" to catch failures due to segv.
 
+   Accepts the same options as test_must_fail.
+
  - test_cmp <expected> <actual>
 
    Check whether the content of the <actual> file matches the
    <expected> file.  This behaves like "cmp" but produces more
    helpful output when the test is run with "-v" option.
 
+ - test_cmp_rev <expected> <actual>
+
+   Check whether the <expected> rev points to the same commit as the
+   <actual> rev.
+
  - test_line_count (= | -lt | -ge | ...) <length> <file>
 
    Check whether a file has the length it is expected to.
@@ -790,11 +858,23 @@ use these, and "test_set_prereq" for how to define your own.
    Test is not run by root user, and an attempt to write to an
    unwritable file is expected to fail correctly.
 
- - LIBPCRE
+ - PCRE
 
-   Git was compiled with USE_LIBPCRE=YesPlease. Wrap any tests
+   Git was compiled with support for PCRE. Wrap any tests
    that use git-grep --perl-regexp or git-grep -P in these.
 
+ - LIBPCRE1
+
+   Git was compiled with PCRE v1 support via
+   USE_LIBPCRE1=YesPlease. Wrap any PCRE using tests that for some
+   reason need v1 of the PCRE library instead of v2 in these.
+
+ - LIBPCRE2
+
+   Git was compiled with PCRE v2 support via
+   USE_LIBPCRE2=YesPlease. Wrap any PCRE using tests that for some
+   reason need v2 of the PCRE library instead of v1 in these.
+
  - CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS
 
    Test is run on a case insensitive file system.
@@ -804,6 +884,10 @@ use these, and "test_set_prereq" for how to define your own.
    Test is run on a filesystem which converts decomposed utf-8 (nfd)
    to precomposed utf-8 (nfc).
 
+ - PTHREADS
+
+   Git wasn't compiled with NO_PTHREADS=YesPlease.
+
 Tips for Writing Tests
 ----------------------
 
diff --git a/t/annotate-tests.sh b/t/annotate-tests.sh
index f5c01758ca..6da48a2e0a 100644
--- a/t/annotate-tests.sh
+++ b/t/annotate-tests.sh
@@ -68,6 +68,13 @@ test_expect_success 'blame 1 author' '
 	check_count A 2
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'blame by tag objects' '
+	git tag -m "test tag" testTag &&
+	git tag -m "test tag #2" testTag2 testTag &&
+	check_count -h testTag A 2 &&
+	check_count -h testTag2 A 2
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup B lines' '
 	echo "2A quick brown fox jumps over the" >>file &&
 	echo "lazy dog" >>file &&
@@ -111,6 +118,10 @@ test_expect_success 'blame 2 authors + 2 merged-in authors' '
 	check_count A 2 B 1 B1 2 B2 1
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'blame --first-parent blames merge for branch1' '
+	check_count --first-parent A 2 B 1 "A U Thor" 2 B2 1
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'blame ancestor' '
 	check_count -h master A 2 B 2
 '
@@ -309,11 +320,11 @@ test_expect_success 'blame -L ,Y (Y == nlines)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'blame -L ,Y (Y == nlines + 1)' '
 	n=$(expr $(wc -l <file) + 2) &&
-	test_must_fail $PROG -L,$n file
+	check_count -L,$n A 1 B 1 B1 1 B2 1 "A U Thor" 1 C 1 D 1 E 1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'blame -L ,Y (Y > nlines)' '
-	test_must_fail $PROG -L,12345 file
+	check_count -L,12345 A 1 B 1 B1 1 B2 1 "A U Thor" 1 C 1 D 1 E 1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'blame -L multiple (disjoint)' '
diff --git a/t/chainlint.sed b/t/chainlint.sed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8544df38df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint.sed
@@ -0,0 +1,370 @@
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Detect broken &&-chains in tests.
+#
+# At present, only &&-chains in subshells are examined by this linter;
+# top-level &&-chains are instead checked directly by the test framework. Like
+# the top-level &&-chain linter, the subshell linter (intentionally) does not
+# check &&-chains within {...} blocks.
+#
+# Checking for &&-chain breakage is done line-by-line by pure textual
+# inspection.
+#
+# Incomplete lines (those ending with "\") are stitched together with following
+# lines to simplify processing, particularly of "one-liner" statements.
+# Top-level here-docs are swallowed to avoid false positives within the
+# here-doc body, although the statement to which the here-doc is attached is
+# retained.
+#
+# Heuristics are used to detect end-of-subshell when the closing ")" is cuddled
+# with the final subshell statement on the same line:
+#
+#    (cd foo &&
+#        bar)
+#
+# in order to avoid misinterpreting the ")" in constructs such as "x=$(...)"
+# and "case $x in *)" as ending the subshell.
+#
+# Lines missing a final "&&" are flagged with "?!AMP?!", and lines which chain
+# commands with ";" internally rather than "&&" are flagged "?!SEMI?!". A line
+# may be flagged for both violations.
+#
+# Detection of a missing &&-link in a multi-line subshell is complicated by the
+# fact that the last statement before the closing ")" must not end with "&&".
+# Since processing is line-by-line, it is not known whether a missing "&&" is
+# legitimate or not until the _next_ line is seen. To accommodate this, within
+# multi-line subshells, each line is stored in sed's "hold" area until after
+# the next line is seen and processed. If the next line is a stand-alone ")",
+# then a missing "&&" on the previous line is legitimate; otherwise a missing
+# "&&" is a break in the &&-chain.
+#
+#    (
+#         cd foo &&
+#         bar
+#    )
+#
+# In practical terms, when "bar" is encountered, it is flagged with "?!AMP?!",
+# but when the stand-alone ")" line is seen which closes the subshell, the
+# "?!AMP?!" violation is removed from the "bar" line (retrieved from the "hold"
+# area) since the final statement of a subshell must not end with "&&". The
+# final line of a subshell may still break the &&-chain by using ";" internally
+# to chain commands together rather than "&&", so "?!SEMI?!" is never removed
+# from a line (even though "?!AMP?!" might be).
+#
+# Care is taken to recognize the last _statement_ of a multi-line subshell, not
+# necessarily the last textual _line_ within the subshell, since &&-chaining
+# applies to statements, not to lines. Consequently, blank lines, comment
+# lines, and here-docs are swallowed (but not the command to which the here-doc
+# is attached), leaving the last statement in the "hold" area, not the last
+# line, thus simplifying &&-link checking.
+#
+# The final statement before "done" in for- and while-loops, and before "elif",
+# "else", and "fi" in if-then-else likewise must not end with "&&", thus
+# receives similar treatment.
+#
+# Swallowing here-docs with arbitrary tags requires a bit of finesse. When a
+# line such as "cat <<EOF >out" is seen, the here-doc tag is moved to the front
+# of the line enclosed in angle brackets as a sentinel, giving "<EOF>cat >out".
+# As each subsequent line is read, it is appended to the target line and a
+# (whitespace-loose) back-reference match /^<(.*)>\n\1$/ is attempted to see if
+# the content inside "<...>" matches the entirety of the newly-read line. For
+# instance, if the next line read is "some data", when concatenated with the
+# target line, it becomes "<EOF>cat >out\nsome data", and a match is attempted
+# to see if "EOF" matches "some data". Since it doesn't, the next line is
+# attempted. When a line consisting of only "EOF" (and possible whitespace) is
+# encountered, it is appended to the target line giving "<EOF>cat >out\nEOF",
+# in which case the "EOF" inside "<...>" does match the text following the
+# newline, thus the closing here-doc tag has been found. The closing tag line
+# and the "<...>" prefix on the target line are then discarded, leaving just
+# the target line "cat >out".
+#
+# To facilitate regression testing (and manual debugging), a ">" annotation is
+# applied to the line containing ")" which closes a subshell, ">>" to a line
+# closing a nested subshell, and ">>>" to a line closing both at once. This
+# makes it easy to detect whether the heuristics correctly identify
+# end-of-subshell.
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# incomplete line -- slurp up next line
+:squash
+/\\$/ {
+	N
+	s/\\\n//
+	bsquash
+}
+
+# here-doc -- swallow it to avoid false hits within its body (but keep the
+# command to which it was attached)
+/<<[ 	]*[-\\']*[A-Za-z0-9_]/ {
+	s/^\(.*\)<<[ 	]*[-\\']*\([A-Za-z0-9_][A-Za-z0-9_]*\)'*/<\2>\1<</
+	s/[ 	]*<<//
+	:hereslurp
+	N
+	/^<\([^>]*\)>.*\n[ 	]*\1[ 	]*$/!{
+		s/\n.*$//
+		bhereslurp
+	}
+	s/^<[^>]*>//
+	s/\n.*$//
+}
+
+# one-liner "(...) &&"
+/^[ 	]*!*[ 	]*(..*)[ 	]*&&[ 	]*$/boneline
+
+# same as above but without trailing "&&"
+/^[ 	]*!*[ 	]*(..*)[ 	]*$/boneline
+
+# one-liner "(...) >x" (or "2>x" or "<x" or "|x" or "&"
+/^[ 	]*!*[ 	]*(..*)[ 	]*[0-9]*[<>|&]/boneline
+
+# multi-line "(...\n...)"
+/^[ 	]*(/bsubshell
+
+# innocuous line -- print it and advance to next line
+b
+
+# found one-liner "(...)" -- mark suspect if it uses ";" internally rather than
+# "&&" (but not ";" in a string)
+:oneline
+/;/{
+	/"[^"]*;[^"]*"/!s/^/?!SEMI?!/
+}
+b
+
+:subshell
+# bare "(" line?
+/^[ 	]*([	]*$/ {
+	# stash for later printing
+	h
+	bnextline
+}
+# "(..." line -- split off and stash "(", then process "..." as its own line
+x
+s/.*/(/
+x
+s/(//
+bslurp
+
+:nextline
+N
+s/.*\n//
+
+:slurp
+# incomplete line "...\"
+/\\$/bincomplete
+# multi-line quoted string "...\n..."?
+/"/bdqstring
+# multi-line quoted string '...\n...'? (but not contraction in string "it's")
+/'/{
+	/"[^'"]*'[^'"]*"/!bsqstring
+}
+:folded
+# here-doc -- swallow it
+/<<[ 	]*[-\\']*[A-Za-z0-9_]/bheredoc
+# comment or empty line -- discard since final non-comment, non-empty line
+# before closing ")", "done", "elsif", "else", or "fi" will need to be
+# re-visited to drop "suspect" marking since final line of those constructs
+# legitimately lacks "&&", so "suspect" mark must be removed
+/^[ 	]*#/bnextline
+/^[ 	]*$/bnextline
+# in-line comment -- strip it (but not "#" in a string, Bash ${#...} array
+# length, or Perforce "//depot/path#42" revision in filespec)
+/[ 	]#/{
+	/"[^"]*#[^"]*"/!s/[ 	]#.*$//
+}
+# one-liner "case ... esac"
+/^[ 	]*case[ 	]*..*esac/bcheckchain
+# multi-line "case ... esac"
+/^[ 	]*case[ 	]..*[ 	]in/bcase
+# multi-line "for ... done" or "while ... done"
+/^[ 	]*for[ 	]..*[ 	]in/bcontinue
+/^[ 	]*while[ 	]/bcontinue
+/^[ 	]*do[ 	]/bcontinue
+/^[ 	]*do[ 	]*$/bcontinue
+/;[ 	]*do/bcontinue
+/^[ 	]*done[ 	]*&&[ 	]*$/bdone
+/^[ 	]*done[ 	]*$/bdone
+/^[ 	]*done[ 	]*[<>|]/bdone
+/^[ 	]*done[ 	]*)/bdone
+/||[ 	]*exit[ 	]/bcontinue
+/||[ 	]*exit[ 	]*$/bcontinue
+# multi-line "if...elsif...else...fi"
+/^[ 	]*if[ 	]/bcontinue
+/^[ 	]*then[ 	]/bcontinue
+/^[ 	]*then[ 	]*$/bcontinue
+/;[ 	]*then/bcontinue
+/^[ 	]*elif[ 	]/belse
+/^[ 	]*elif[ 	]*$/belse
+/^[ 	]*else[ 	]/belse
+/^[ 	]*else[ 	]*$/belse
+/^[ 	]*fi[ 	]*&&[ 	]*$/bdone
+/^[ 	]*fi[ 	]*$/bdone
+/^[ 	]*fi[ 	]*[<>|]/bdone
+/^[ 	]*fi[ 	]*)/bdone
+# nested one-liner "(...) &&"
+/^[ 	]*(.*)[ 	]*&&[ 	]*$/bcheckchain
+# nested one-liner "(...)"
+/^[ 	]*(.*)[ 	]*$/bcheckchain
+# nested one-liner "(...) >x" (or "2>x" or "<x" or "|x")
+/^[ 	]*(.*)[ 	]*[0-9]*[<>|]/bcheckchain
+# nested multi-line "(...\n...)"
+/^[ 	]*(/bnest
+# multi-line "{...\n...}"
+/^[ 	]*{/bblock
+# closing ")" on own line -- exit subshell
+/^[ 	]*)/bclosesolo
+# "$((...))" -- arithmetic expansion; not closing ")"
+/\$(([^)][^)]*))[^)]*$/bcheckchain
+# "$(...)" -- command substitution; not closing ")"
+/\$([^)][^)]*)[^)]*$/bcheckchain
+# multi-line "$(...\n...)" -- command substitution; treat as nested subshell
+/\$([^)]*$/bnest
+# "=(...)" -- Bash array assignment; not closing ")"
+/=(/bcheckchain
+# closing "...) &&"
+/)[ 	]*&&[ 	]*$/bclose
+# closing "...)"
+/)[ 	]*$/bclose
+# closing "...) >x" (or "2>x" or "<x" or "|x")
+/)[ 	]*[<>|]/bclose
+:checkchain
+# mark suspect if line uses ";" internally rather than "&&" (but not ";" in a
+# string and not ";;" in one-liner "case...esac")
+/;/{
+	/;;/!{
+		/"[^"]*;[^"]*"/!s/^/?!SEMI?!/
+	}
+}
+# line ends with pipe "...|" -- valid; not missing "&&"
+/|[ 	]*$/bcontinue
+# missing end-of-line "&&" -- mark suspect
+/&&[ 	]*$/!s/^/?!AMP?!/
+:continue
+# retrieve and print previous line
+x
+n
+bslurp
+
+# found incomplete line "...\" -- slurp up next line
+:incomplete
+N
+s/\\\n//
+bslurp
+
+# check for multi-line double-quoted string "...\n..." -- fold to one line
+:dqstring
+# remove all quote pairs
+s/"\([^"]*\)"/@!\1@!/g
+# done if no dangling quote
+/"/!bdqdone
+# otherwise, slurp next line and try again
+N
+s/\n//
+bdqstring
+:dqdone
+s/@!/"/g
+bfolded
+
+# check for multi-line single-quoted string '...\n...' -- fold to one line
+:sqstring
+# remove all quote pairs
+s/'\([^']*\)'/@!\1@!/g
+# done if no dangling quote
+/'/!bsqdone
+# otherwise, slurp next line and try again
+N
+s/\n//
+bsqstring
+:sqdone
+s/@!/'/g
+bfolded
+
+# found here-doc -- swallow it to avoid false hits within its body (but keep
+# the command to which it was attached)
+:heredoc
+s/^\(.*\)<<[ 	]*[-\\']*\([A-Za-z0-9_][A-Za-z0-9_]*\)'*/<\2>\1<</
+s/[ 	]*<<//
+:hereslurpsub
+N
+/^<\([^>]*\)>.*\n[ 	]*\1[ 	]*$/!{
+	s/\n.*$//
+	bhereslurpsub
+}
+s/^<[^>]*>//
+s/\n.*$//
+bfolded
+
+# found "case ... in" -- pass through untouched
+:case
+x
+n
+/^[ 	]*esac/bslurp
+bcase
+
+# found "else" or "elif" -- drop "suspect" from final line before "else" since
+# that line legitimately lacks "&&"
+:else
+x
+s/?!AMP?!//
+x
+bcontinue
+
+# found "done" closing for-loop or while-loop, or "fi" closing if-then -- drop
+# "suspect" from final contained line since that line legitimately lacks "&&"
+:done
+x
+s/?!AMP?!//
+x
+# is 'done' or 'fi' cuddled with ")" to close subshell?
+/done.*)/bclose
+/fi.*)/bclose
+bcheckchain
+
+# found nested multi-line "(...\n...)" -- pass through untouched
+:nest
+x
+:nestslurp
+n
+# closing ")" on own line -- stop nested slurp
+/^[ 	]*)/bnestclose
+# comment -- not closing ")" if in comment
+/^[ 	]*#/bnestcontinue
+# "$((...))" -- arithmetic expansion; not closing ")"
+/\$(([^)][^)]*))[^)]*$/bnestcontinue
+# "$(...)" -- command substitution; not closing ")"
+/\$([^)][^)]*)[^)]*$/bnestcontinue
+# closing "...)" -- stop nested slurp
+/)/bnestclose
+:nestcontinue
+x
+bnestslurp
+:nestclose
+s/^/>>/
+# is it "))" which closes nested and parent subshells?
+/)[ 	]*)/bslurp
+bcheckchain
+
+# found multi-line "{...\n...}" block -- pass through untouched
+:block
+x
+n
+# closing "}" -- stop block slurp
+/}/bcheckchain
+bblock
+
+# found closing ")" on own line -- drop "suspect" from final line of subshell
+# since that line legitimately lacks "&&" and exit subshell loop
+:closesolo
+x
+s/?!AMP?!//
+p
+x
+s/^/>/
+b
+
+# found closing "...)" -- exit subshell loop
+:close
+x
+p
+x
+s/^/>/
+b
diff --git a/t/chainlint/arithmetic-expansion.expect b/t/chainlint/arithmetic-expansion.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..09457d3196
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/arithmetic-expansion.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+(
+	foo &&
+	bar=$((42 + 1)) &&
+	baz
+>) &&
+(
+?!AMP?!	bar=$((42 + 1))
+	baz
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/arithmetic-expansion.test b/t/chainlint/arithmetic-expansion.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..16206960d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/arithmetic-expansion.test
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+(
+	foo &&
+# LINT: closing ")" of $((...)) not misinterpreted as subshell-closing ")"
+	bar=$((42 + 1)) &&
+	baz
+) &&
+(
+# LINT: missing "&&" on $((...))
+	bar=$((42 + 1))
+	baz
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/bash-array.expect b/t/chainlint/bash-array.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c4a830d1c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/bash-array.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+(
+	foo &&
+	bar=(gumbo stumbo wumbo) &&
+	baz
+>) &&
+(
+	foo &&
+	bar=${#bar[@]} &&
+	baz
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/bash-array.test b/t/chainlint/bash-array.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..92bbb777b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/bash-array.test
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+(
+	foo &&
+# LINT: ")" in Bash array assignment not misinterpreted as subshell-closing ")"
+	bar=(gumbo stumbo wumbo) &&
+	baz
+) &&
+(
+	foo &&
+# LINT: Bash array length operator not misinterpreted as comment
+	bar=${#bar[@]} &&
+	baz
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/blank-line.expect b/t/chainlint/blank-line.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3be939ed38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/blank-line.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+(
+	nothing &&
+	something
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/blank-line.test b/t/chainlint/blank-line.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f6dd14302b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/blank-line.test
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+(
+
+	nothing &&
+
+	something
+# LINT: swallow blank lines since final _statement_ before subshell end is
+# LINT: significant to "&&"-check, not final _line_ (which might be blank)
+
+
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/block.expect b/t/chainlint/block.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fed7e89ae8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/block.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+(
+	foo &&
+	{
+		echo a
+		echo b
+	} &&
+	bar &&
+	{
+		echo c
+?!AMP?!	}
+	baz
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/block.test b/t/chainlint/block.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d859151af1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/block.test
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+(
+# LINT: missing "&&" in block not currently detected (for consistency with
+# LINT: --chain-lint at top level and to provide escape hatch if needed)
+	foo &&
+	{
+		echo a
+		echo b
+	} &&
+	bar &&
+# LINT: missing "&&" at closing "}"
+	{
+		echo c
+	}
+	baz
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/broken-chain.expect b/t/chainlint/broken-chain.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..55b0f42a53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/broken-chain.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+(
+	foo &&
+?!AMP?!	bar
+	baz &&
+	wop
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/broken-chain.test b/t/chainlint/broken-chain.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3cc67b65d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/broken-chain.test
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+(
+	foo &&
+# LINT: missing "&&" from 'bar'
+	bar
+	baz &&
+# LINT: final statement before closing ")" legitimately lacks "&&"
+	wop
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/case.expect b/t/chainlint/case.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..41f121fbbf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/case.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+(
+	case "$x" in
+	x) foo ;;
+	*) bar ;;
+	esac &&
+	foobar
+>) &&
+(
+	case "$x" in
+	x) foo ;;
+	*) bar ;;
+?!AMP?!	esac
+	foobar
+>) &&
+(
+	case "$x" in 1) true;; esac &&
+?!AMP?!	case "$y" in 2) false;; esac
+	foobar
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/case.test b/t/chainlint/case.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5ef6ff7db5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/case.test
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+(
+# LINT: "...)" arms in 'case' not misinterpreted as subshell-closing ")"
+	case "$x" in
+	x) foo ;;
+	*) bar ;;
+	esac &&
+	foobar
+) &&
+(
+# LINT: missing "&&" on 'esac'
+	case "$x" in
+	x) foo ;;
+	*) bar ;;
+	esac
+	foobar
+) &&
+(
+# LINT: "...)" arm in one-liner 'case' not misinterpreted as closing ")"
+	case "$x" in 1) true;; esac &&
+# LINT: same but missing "&&"
+	case "$y" in 2) false;; esac
+	foobar
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/close-nested-and-parent-together.expect b/t/chainlint/close-nested-and-parent-together.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2a910f9d66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/close-nested-and-parent-together.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+(
+cd foo &&
+	(bar &&
+>>>		baz))
diff --git a/t/chainlint/close-nested-and-parent-together.test b/t/chainlint/close-nested-and-parent-together.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..72d482f76d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/close-nested-and-parent-together.test
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+(cd foo &&
+	(bar &&
+		baz))
diff --git a/t/chainlint/close-subshell.expect b/t/chainlint/close-subshell.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..184688718a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/close-subshell.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+(
+	foo
+>) &&
+(
+	bar
+>) >out &&
+(
+	baz
+>) 2>err &&
+(
+	boo
+>) <input &&
+(
+	bip
+>) | wuzzle &&
+(
+	bop
+>) | fazz 	fozz &&
+(
+	bup
+>) |
+fuzzle &&
+(
+	yop
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/close-subshell.test b/t/chainlint/close-subshell.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..508ca447fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/close-subshell.test
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# LINT: closing ")" with various decorations ("&&", ">", "|", etc.)
+(
+	foo
+) &&
+(
+	bar
+) >out &&
+(
+	baz
+) 2>err &&
+(
+	boo
+) <input &&
+(
+	bip
+) | wuzzle &&
+(
+	bop
+) | fazz \
+	fozz &&
+(
+	bup
+) |
+fuzzle &&
+(
+	yop
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/command-substitution.expect b/t/chainlint/command-substitution.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ad4118e537
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/command-substitution.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+(
+	foo &&
+	bar=$(gobble) &&
+	baz
+>) &&
+(
+?!AMP?!	bar=$(gobble blocks)
+	baz
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/command-substitution.test b/t/chainlint/command-substitution.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3bbb002a4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/command-substitution.test
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+(
+	foo &&
+# LINT: closing ")" of $(...) not misinterpreted as subshell-closing ")"
+	bar=$(gobble) &&
+	baz
+) &&
+(
+# LINT: missing "&&" on $(...)
+	bar=$(gobble blocks)
+	baz
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/comment.expect b/t/chainlint/comment.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3be939ed38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/comment.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+(
+	nothing &&
+	something
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/comment.test b/t/chainlint/comment.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..113c0c466f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/comment.test
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+(
+# LINT: swallow comment lines
+	# comment 1
+	nothing &&
+	# comment 2
+	something
+# LINT: swallow comment lines since final _statement_ before subshell end is
+# LINT: significant to "&&"-check, not final _line_ (which might be comment)
+	# comment 3
+	# comment 4
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/complex-if-in-cuddled-loop.expect b/t/chainlint/complex-if-in-cuddled-loop.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9674b88cf2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/complex-if-in-cuddled-loop.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+(
+for i in a b c; do
+   if test "$(echo $(waffle bat))" = "eleventeen" &&
+     test "$x" = "$y"; then
+     :
+   else
+     echo >file
+   fi
+> done) &&
+test ! -f file
diff --git a/t/chainlint/complex-if-in-cuddled-loop.test b/t/chainlint/complex-if-in-cuddled-loop.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..571bbd85cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/complex-if-in-cuddled-loop.test
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# LINT: 'for' loop cuddled with "(" and ")" and nested 'if' with complex
+# LINT: multi-line condition; indented with spaces, not tabs
+(for i in a b c; do
+   if test "$(echo $(waffle bat))" = "eleventeen" &&
+     test "$x" = "$y"; then
+     :
+   else
+     echo >file
+   fi
+ done) &&
+test ! -f file
diff --git a/t/chainlint/cuddled-if-then-else.expect b/t/chainlint/cuddled-if-then-else.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ab2a026fbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/cuddled-if-then-else.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+(
+if test -z ""; then
+    echo empty
+ else
+    echo bizzy
+> fi) &&
+echo foobar
diff --git a/t/chainlint/cuddled-if-then-else.test b/t/chainlint/cuddled-if-then-else.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eed774a9d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/cuddled-if-then-else.test
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# LINT: 'if' cuddled with "(" and ")"; indented with spaces, not tabs
+(if test -z ""; then
+    echo empty
+ else
+    echo bizzy
+ fi) &&
+echo foobar
diff --git a/t/chainlint/cuddled-loop.expect b/t/chainlint/cuddled-loop.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8c0260d7f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/cuddled-loop.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+(
+ while read x
+  do foobar bop || exit 1
+>  done <file ) &&
+outside subshell
diff --git a/t/chainlint/cuddled-loop.test b/t/chainlint/cuddled-loop.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a841d781f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/cuddled-loop.test
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# LINT: 'while' loop cuddled with "(" and ")", with embedded (allowed)
+# LINT: "|| exit {n}" to exit loop early, and using redirection "<" to feed
+# LINT: loop; indented with spaces, not tabs
+( while read x
+  do foobar bop || exit 1
+  done <file ) &&
+outside subshell
diff --git a/t/chainlint/cuddled.expect b/t/chainlint/cuddled.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b506d46221
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/cuddled.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+(
+cd foo &&
+	bar
+>) &&
+
+(
+?!AMP?!cd foo
+	bar
+>) &&
+
+(
+	cd foo &&
+>	bar) &&
+
+(
+cd foo &&
+>	bar) &&
+
+(
+?!AMP?!cd foo
+>	bar)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/cuddled.test b/t/chainlint/cuddled.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0499fa4180
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/cuddled.test
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# LINT: first subshell statement cuddled with opening "("; for implementation
+# LINT: simplicity, "(..." is split into two lines, "(" and "..."
+(cd foo &&
+	bar
+) &&
+
+# LINT: same with missing "&&"
+(cd foo
+	bar
+) &&
+
+# LINT: closing ")" cuddled with final subshell statement
+(
+	cd foo &&
+	bar) &&
+
+# LINT: "(" and ")" cuddled with first and final subshell statements
+(cd foo &&
+	bar) &&
+
+# LINT: same with missing "&&"
+(cd foo
+	bar)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/exit-loop.expect b/t/chainlint/exit-loop.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..84d8bdebc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/exit-loop.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+(
+	for i in a b c
+	do
+		foo || exit 1
+		bar &&
+		baz
+	done
+>) &&
+(
+	while true
+	do
+		foo || exit 1
+		bar &&
+		baz
+	done
+>) &&
+(
+	i=0 &&
+	while test $i -lt 10
+	do
+		echo $i || exit
+		i=$(($i + 1))
+	done
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/exit-loop.test b/t/chainlint/exit-loop.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2f038207e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/exit-loop.test
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+(
+	for i in a b c
+	do
+# LINT: "|| exit {n}" valid for-loop escape in subshell; no "&&" needed
+		foo || exit 1
+		bar &&
+		baz
+	done
+) &&
+(
+	while true
+	do
+# LINT: "|| exit {n}" valid while-loop escape in subshell; no "&&" needed
+		foo || exit 1
+		bar &&
+		baz
+	done
+) &&
+(
+	i=0 &&
+	while test $i -lt 10
+	do
+# LINT: "|| exit" (sans exit code) valid escape in subshell; no "&&" needed
+		echo $i || exit
+		i=$(($i + 1))
+	done
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/exit-subshell.expect b/t/chainlint/exit-subshell.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bf78454f74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/exit-subshell.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+(
+	foo || exit 1
+	bar &&
+	baz
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/exit-subshell.test b/t/chainlint/exit-subshell.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4e6ab69b88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/exit-subshell.test
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+(
+# LINT: "|| exit {n}" valid subshell escape without hurting &&-chain
+	foo || exit 1
+	bar &&
+	baz
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/for-loop.expect b/t/chainlint/for-loop.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c33cf56ee7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/for-loop.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+(
+	for i in a b c
+	do
+?!AMP?!		echo $i
+		cat
+?!AMP?!	done
+	for i in a b c; do
+		echo $i &&
+		cat $i
+	done
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/for-loop.test b/t/chainlint/for-loop.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7db76262bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/for-loop.test
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+(
+# LINT: 'for', 'do', 'done' do not need "&&"
+	for i in a b c
+	do
+# LINT: missing "&&" on 'echo'
+		echo $i
+# LINT: last statement of while does not need "&&"
+		cat <<-\EOF
+		bar
+		EOF
+# LINT: missing "&&" on 'done'
+	done
+
+# LINT: 'do' on same line as 'for'
+	for i in a b c; do
+		echo $i &&
+		cat $i
+	done
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/here-doc-close-subshell.expect b/t/chainlint/here-doc-close-subshell.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f011e335e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/here-doc-close-subshell.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+(
+>	cat)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/here-doc-close-subshell.test b/t/chainlint/here-doc-close-subshell.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b857ff5467
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/here-doc-close-subshell.test
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+(
+# LINT: line contains here-doc and closes nested subshell
+	cat <<-\INPUT)
+	fizz
+	INPUT
diff --git a/t/chainlint/here-doc-multi-line-command-subst.expect b/t/chainlint/here-doc-multi-line-command-subst.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e5fb752d2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/here-doc-multi-line-command-subst.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+(
+	x=$(bobble &&
+?!AMP?!>>		wiffle)
+	echo $x
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/here-doc-multi-line-command-subst.test b/t/chainlint/here-doc-multi-line-command-subst.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..899bc5de8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/here-doc-multi-line-command-subst.test
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+(
+# LINT: line contains here-doc and opens multi-line $(...)
+	x=$(bobble <<-\END &&
+		fossil
+		vegetable
+		END
+		wiffle)
+	echo $x
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/here-doc-multi-line-string.expect b/t/chainlint/here-doc-multi-line-string.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..32038a070c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/here-doc-multi-line-string.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+(
+?!AMP?!	cat && echo "multi-line	string"
+	bap
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/here-doc-multi-line-string.test b/t/chainlint/here-doc-multi-line-string.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a53edbcc8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/here-doc-multi-line-string.test
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+(
+# LINT: line contains here-doc and opens multi-line string
+	cat <<-\TXT && echo "multi-line
+	string"
+	fizzle
+	TXT
+	bap
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/here-doc.expect b/t/chainlint/here-doc.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aff6568716
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/here-doc.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+boodle wobba        gorgo snoot        wafta snurb &&
+
+cat >foo &&
+
+cat >bar &&
+
+horticulture
diff --git a/t/chainlint/here-doc.test b/t/chainlint/here-doc.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f2bb14b693
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/here-doc.test
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# LINT: stitch together incomplete \-ending lines
+# LINT: swallow here-doc to avoid false positives in content
+boodle wobba \
+       gorgo snoot \
+       wafta snurb <<EOF &&
+quoth the raven,
+nevermore...
+EOF
+
+# LINT: swallow here-doc with arbitrary tag
+cat <<-Arbitrary_Tag_42 >foo &&
+snoz
+boz
+woz
+Arbitrary_Tag_42
+
+# LINT: swallow 'quoted' here-doc
+cat <<'FUMP' >bar &&
+snoz
+boz
+woz
+FUMP
+
+# LINT: swallow here-doc (EOF is last line of test)
+horticulture <<\EOF
+gomez
+morticia
+wednesday
+pugsly
+EOF
diff --git a/t/chainlint/if-in-loop.expect b/t/chainlint/if-in-loop.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..03d3ceb22d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/if-in-loop.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+(
+	for i in a b c
+	do
+		if false
+		then
+?!AMP?!			echo "err"
+			exit 1
+?!AMP?!		fi
+		foo
+?!AMP?!	done
+	bar
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/if-in-loop.test b/t/chainlint/if-in-loop.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..daf22da164
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/if-in-loop.test
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+(
+	for i in a b c
+	do
+		if false
+		then
+# LINT: missing "&&" on 'echo'
+			echo "err"
+			exit 1
+# LINT: missing "&&" on 'fi'
+		fi
+		foo
+# LINT: missing "&&" on 'done'
+	done
+	bar
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/if-then-else.expect b/t/chainlint/if-then-else.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5953c7bfbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/if-then-else.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+(
+	if test -n ""
+	then
+?!AMP?!		echo very
+		echo empty
+	elif test -z ""
+		echo foo
+	else
+		echo foo &&
+		cat
+?!AMP?!	fi
+	echo poodle
+>) &&
+(
+	if test -n ""; then
+		echo very &&
+?!AMP?!		echo empty
+	if
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/if-then-else.test b/t/chainlint/if-then-else.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9bd8e9a4c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/if-then-else.test
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+(
+# LINT: 'if', 'then', 'elif', 'else', 'fi' do not need "&&"
+	if test -n ""
+	then
+# LINT: missing "&&" on 'echo'
+		echo very
+# LINT: last statement before 'elif' does not need "&&"
+		echo empty
+	elif test -z ""
+# LINT: last statement before 'else' does not need "&&"
+		echo foo
+	else
+		echo foo &&
+# LINT: last statement before 'fi' does not need "&&"
+		cat <<-\EOF
+		bar
+		EOF
+# LINT: missing "&&" on 'fi'
+	fi
+	echo poodle
+) &&
+(
+# LINT: 'then' on same line as 'if'
+	if test -n ""; then
+		echo very &&
+		echo empty
+	if
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/incomplete-line.expect b/t/chainlint/incomplete-line.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2f3ebabdc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/incomplete-line.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+line 1 line 2 line 3 line 4 &&
+(
+	line 5 	line 6 	line 7 	line 8
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/incomplete-line.test b/t/chainlint/incomplete-line.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d856658083
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/incomplete-line.test
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# LINT: stitch together all incomplete \-ending lines
+line 1 \
+line 2 \
+line 3 \
+line 4 &&
+(
+# LINT: stitch together all incomplete \-ending lines (subshell)
+	line 5 \
+	line 6 \
+	line 7 \
+	line 8
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/inline-comment.expect b/t/chainlint/inline-comment.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fc9f250ac4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/inline-comment.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+(
+	foobar &&
+?!AMP?!	barfoo
+	flibble "not a # comment"
+>) &&
+
+(
+cd foo &&
+>	flibble "not a # comment")
diff --git a/t/chainlint/inline-comment.test b/t/chainlint/inline-comment.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8f26856e77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/inline-comment.test
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+(
+# LINT: swallow inline comment (leaving command intact)
+	foobar && # comment 1
+# LINT: mispositioned "&&" (correctly) swallowed with comment
+	barfoo # wrong position for &&
+# LINT: "#" in string not misinterpreted as comment
+	flibble "not a # comment"
+) &&
+
+# LINT: "#" in string in cuddled subshell not misinterpreted as comment
+(cd foo &&
+	flibble "not a # comment")
diff --git a/t/chainlint/loop-in-if.expect b/t/chainlint/loop-in-if.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..088e622c31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/loop-in-if.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+(
+	if true
+	then
+		while true
+		do
+?!AMP?!			echo "pop"
+			echo "glup"
+?!AMP?!		done
+		foo
+?!AMP?!	fi
+	bar
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/loop-in-if.test b/t/chainlint/loop-in-if.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..93e8ba8e4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/loop-in-if.test
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+(
+	if true
+	then
+		while true
+		do
+# LINT: missing "&&" on 'echo'
+			echo "pop"
+			echo "glup"
+# LINT: missing "&&" on 'done'
+		done
+		foo
+# LINT: missing "&&" on 'fi'
+	fi
+	bar
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/multi-line-nested-command-substitution.expect b/t/chainlint/multi-line-nested-command-substitution.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..59b6c8b850
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/multi-line-nested-command-substitution.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+(
+	foo &&
+	x=$(
+		echo bar |
+		cat
+>>	) &&
+	echo ok
+>) |
+sort &&
+(
+	bar &&
+	x=$(echo bar |
+		cat
+>>	) &&
+	y=$(echo baz |
+>>		fip) &&
+	echo fail
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/multi-line-nested-command-substitution.test b/t/chainlint/multi-line-nested-command-substitution.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..300058341b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/multi-line-nested-command-substitution.test
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+(
+	foo &&
+	x=$(
+		echo bar |
+		cat
+	) &&
+	echo ok
+) |
+sort &&
+(
+	bar &&
+	x=$(echo bar |
+		cat
+	) &&
+	y=$(echo baz |
+		fip) &&
+	echo fail
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/multi-line-string.expect b/t/chainlint/multi-line-string.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..170cb59993
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/multi-line-string.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+(
+	x="line 1		line 2		line 3" &&
+?!AMP?!	y='line 1		line2'
+	foobar
+>) &&
+(
+	echo "there's nothing to see here" &&
+	exit
+>) &&
+(
+	echo "xyz" "abc		def		ghi" &&
+	echo 'xyz' 'abc		def		ghi' &&
+	echo 'xyz' "abc		def		ghi" &&
+	barfoo
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/multi-line-string.test b/t/chainlint/multi-line-string.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..287ab89705
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/multi-line-string.test
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+(
+	x="line 1
+		line 2
+		line 3" &&
+# LINT: missing "&&" on assignment
+	y='line 1
+		line2'
+	foobar
+) &&
+(
+# LINT: apostrophe (in a contraction) within string not misinterpreted as
+# LINT: starting multi-line single-quoted string
+	echo "there's nothing to see here" &&
+	exit
+) &&
+(
+	echo "xyz" "abc
+		def
+		ghi" &&
+	echo 'xyz' 'abc
+		def
+		ghi' &&
+	echo 'xyz' "abc
+		def
+		ghi" &&
+	barfoo
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/negated-one-liner.expect b/t/chainlint/negated-one-liner.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cf18429d03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/negated-one-liner.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+! (foo && bar) &&
+! (foo && bar) >baz &&
+
+?!SEMI?!! (foo; bar) &&
+?!SEMI?!! (foo; bar) >baz
diff --git a/t/chainlint/negated-one-liner.test b/t/chainlint/negated-one-liner.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c9598e9153
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/negated-one-liner.test
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# LINT: top-level one-liner subshell
+! (foo && bar) &&
+! (foo && bar) >baz &&
+
+# LINT: top-level one-liner subshell missing internal "&&"
+! (foo; bar) &&
+! (foo; bar) >baz
diff --git a/t/chainlint/nested-cuddled-subshell.expect b/t/chainlint/nested-cuddled-subshell.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c2a59ffc33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/nested-cuddled-subshell.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+(
+	(cd foo &&
+		bar
+>>	) &&
+	(cd foo &&
+		bar
+?!AMP?!>>	)
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+>>		bar) &&
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+?!AMP?!>>		bar)
+	(cd foo &&
+>>		bar) &&
+	(cd foo &&
+?!AMP?!>>		bar)
+	foobar
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/nested-cuddled-subshell.test b/t/chainlint/nested-cuddled-subshell.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8fd656c7b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/nested-cuddled-subshell.test
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+(
+# LINT: opening "(" cuddled with first nested subshell statement
+	(cd foo &&
+		bar
+	) &&
+
+# LINT: same but "&&" missing
+	(cd foo &&
+		bar
+	)
+
+# LINT: closing ")" cuddled with final nested subshell statement
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		bar) &&
+
+# LINT: same but "&&" missing
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		bar)
+
+# LINT: "(" and ")" cuddled with first and final subshell statements
+	(cd foo &&
+		bar) &&
+
+# LINT: same but "&&" missing
+	(cd foo &&
+		bar)
+
+	foobar
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/nested-here-doc.expect b/t/chainlint/nested-here-doc.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0c9ef1cfc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/nested-here-doc.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+cat >foop &&
+
+(
+	cat &&
+?!AMP?!	cat
+	foobar
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/nested-here-doc.test b/t/chainlint/nested-here-doc.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f35404bf0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/nested-here-doc.test
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# LINT: inner "EOF" not misintrepreted as closing ARBITRARY here-doc
+cat <<ARBITRARY >foop &&
+naddle
+fub <<EOF
+	nozzle
+	noodle
+EOF
+formp
+ARBITRARY
+
+(
+# LINT: inner "EOF" not misintrepreted as closing INPUT_END here-doc
+	cat <<-\INPUT_END &&
+	fish are mice
+	but geese go slow
+	data <<EOF
+		perl is lerp
+		and nothing else
+	EOF
+	toink
+	INPUT_END
+
+# LINT: same but missing "&&"
+	cat <<-\EOT
+	text goes here
+	data <<EOF
+		data goes here
+	EOF
+	more test here
+	EOT
+
+	foobar
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/nested-subshell-comment.expect b/t/chainlint/nested-subshell-comment.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..15b68d4373
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/nested-subshell-comment.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+(
+	foo &&
+	(
+		bar &&
+		# bottles wobble while fiddles gobble
+		# minor numbers of cows (or do they?)
+		baz &&
+		snaff
+?!AMP?!>>	)
+	fuzzy
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/nested-subshell-comment.test b/t/chainlint/nested-subshell-comment.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0ff136ab3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/nested-subshell-comment.test
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+(
+	foo &&
+	(
+		bar &&
+# LINT: ")" in comment in nested subshell not misinterpreted as closing ")"
+		# bottles wobble while fiddles gobble
+		# minor numbers of cows (or do they?)
+		baz &&
+		snaff
+# LINT: missing "&&" on ')'
+	)
+	fuzzy
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/nested-subshell.expect b/t/chainlint/nested-subshell.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c8165ad19e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/nested-subshell.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+(
+	cd foo &&
+	(
+		echo a &&
+		echo b
+>>	) >file &&
+	cd foo &&
+	(
+		echo a
+		echo b
+>>	) >file
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/nested-subshell.test b/t/chainlint/nested-subshell.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..998b05a47d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/nested-subshell.test
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+(
+	cd foo &&
+	(
+		echo a &&
+		echo b
+	) >file &&
+
+	cd foo &&
+	(
+# LINT: nested multi-line subshell not presently checked for missing "&&"
+		echo a
+		echo b
+	) >file
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/one-liner.expect b/t/chainlint/one-liner.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..237f227349
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/one-liner.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+(foo && bar) &&
+(foo && bar) |
+(foo && bar) >baz &&
+
+?!SEMI?!(foo; bar) &&
+?!SEMI?!(foo; bar) |
+?!SEMI?!(foo; bar) >baz
+
+(foo "bar; baz")
diff --git a/t/chainlint/one-liner.test b/t/chainlint/one-liner.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ec9acb9825
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/one-liner.test
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# LINT: top-level one-liner subshell
+(foo && bar) &&
+(foo && bar) |
+(foo && bar) >baz &&
+
+# LINT: top-level one-liner subshell missing internal "&&"
+(foo; bar) &&
+(foo; bar) |
+(foo; bar) >baz
+
+# LINT: ";" in string not misinterpreted as broken &&-chain
+(foo "bar; baz")
diff --git a/t/chainlint/p4-filespec.expect b/t/chainlint/p4-filespec.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..98b3d881fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/p4-filespec.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+(
+	p4 print -1 //depot/fiddle#42 >file &&
+	foobar
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/p4-filespec.test b/t/chainlint/p4-filespec.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4fd2d6e2b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/p4-filespec.test
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+(
+# LINT: Perforce revspec in filespec not misinterpreted as in-line comment
+	p4 print -1 //depot/fiddle#42 >file &&
+	foobar
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/pipe.expect b/t/chainlint/pipe.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..211b901dbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/pipe.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+(
+	foo |
+	bar |
+	baz &&
+	fish |
+?!AMP?!	cow
+	sunder
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/pipe.test b/t/chainlint/pipe.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e6af4de916
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/pipe.test
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+(
+# LINT: no "&&" needed on line ending with "|"
+	foo |
+	bar |
+	baz &&
+
+# LINT: final line of pipe sequence ('cow') lacking "&&"
+	fish |
+	cow
+
+	sunder
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/semicolon.expect b/t/chainlint/semicolon.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d79384606
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/semicolon.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+(
+?!AMP?!?!SEMI?!	cat foo ; echo bar
+?!SEMI?!	cat foo ; echo bar
+>) &&
+(
+?!SEMI?!	cat foo ; echo bar &&
+?!SEMI?!	cat foo ; echo bar
+>) &&
+(
+	echo "foo; bar" &&
+?!SEMI?!	cat foo; echo bar
+>) &&
+(
+?!SEMI?!	foo;
+>) &&
+(
+cd foo &&
+	for i in a b c; do
+?!SEMI?!		echo;
+>	done)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/semicolon.test b/t/chainlint/semicolon.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d82c8ebbc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/semicolon.test
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+(
+# LINT: missing internal "&&" and ending "&&"
+	cat foo ; echo bar
+# LINT: final statement before ")" only missing internal "&&"
+	cat foo ; echo bar
+) &&
+(
+# LINT: missing internal "&&"
+	cat foo ; echo bar &&
+	cat foo ; echo bar
+) &&
+(
+# LINT: not fooled by semicolon in string
+	echo "foo; bar" &&
+	cat foo; echo bar
+) &&
+(
+# LINT: unnecessary terminating semicolon
+	foo;
+) &&
+(cd foo &&
+	for i in a b c; do
+# LINT: unnecessary terminating semicolon
+		echo;
+	done)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/subshell-here-doc.expect b/t/chainlint/subshell-here-doc.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7663ea7fc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/subshell-here-doc.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+(
+	echo wobba 	       gorgo snoot 	       wafta snurb &&
+?!AMP?!	cat >bip
+	echo >bop
+>) &&
+(
+	cat >bup &&
+	cat >bup2 &&
+	meep
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/subshell-here-doc.test b/t/chainlint/subshell-here-doc.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b6b5a9b33a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/subshell-here-doc.test
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+(
+# LINT: stitch together incomplete \-ending lines
+# LINT: swallow here-doc to avoid false positives in content
+	echo wobba \
+	       gorgo snoot \
+	       wafta snurb <<-EOF &&
+	quoth the raven,
+	nevermore...
+	EOF
+
+# LINT: missing "&&" on 'cat'
+	cat <<EOF >bip
+	fish fly high
+	EOF
+
+# LINT: swallow here-doc (EOF is last line of subshell)
+	echo <<-\EOF >bop
+	gomez
+	morticia
+	wednesday
+	pugsly
+	EOF
+) &&
+(
+# LINT: swallow here-doc with arbitrary tag
+	cat <<-\ARBITRARY >bup &&
+	glink
+	FIZZ
+	ARBITRARY
+	cat <<-'ARBITRARY2' >bup2 &&
+	glink
+	FIZZ
+	ARBITRARY2
+	meep
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/subshell-one-liner.expect b/t/chainlint/subshell-one-liner.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..51162821d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/subshell-one-liner.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+(
+	(foo && bar) &&
+	(foo && bar) |
+	(foo && bar) >baz &&
+?!SEMI?!	(foo; bar) &&
+?!SEMI?!	(foo; bar) |
+?!SEMI?!	(foo; bar) >baz &&
+	(foo || exit 1) &&
+	(foo || exit 1) |
+	(foo || exit 1) >baz &&
+?!AMP?!	(foo && bar)
+?!AMP?!?!SEMI?!	(foo && bar; baz)
+	foobar
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/subshell-one-liner.test b/t/chainlint/subshell-one-liner.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..37fa643c20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/subshell-one-liner.test
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+(
+# LINT: nested one-liner subshell
+	(foo && bar) &&
+	(foo && bar) |
+	(foo && bar) >baz &&
+
+# LINT: nested one-liner subshell missing internal "&&"
+	(foo; bar) &&
+	(foo; bar) |
+	(foo; bar) >baz &&
+
+# LINT: nested one-liner subshell with "|| exit"
+	(foo || exit 1) &&
+	(foo || exit 1) |
+	(foo || exit 1) >baz &&
+
+# LINT: nested one-liner subshell lacking ending "&&"
+	(foo && bar)
+
+# LINT: nested one-liner subshell missing internal "&&" and lacking ending "&&"
+	(foo && bar; baz)
+
+	foobar
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/t7900-subtree.expect b/t/chainlint/t7900-subtree.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c9913429e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/t7900-subtree.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+(
+	chks="sub1sub2sub3sub4" &&
+	chks_sub=$(cat | sed 's,^,sub dir/,'
+>>) &&
+	chkms="main-sub1main-sub2main-sub3main-sub4" &&
+	chkms_sub=$(cat | sed 's,^,sub dir/,'
+>>) &&
+	subfiles=$(git ls-files) &&
+	check_equal "$subfiles" "$chkms$chks"
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/t7900-subtree.test b/t/chainlint/t7900-subtree.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..277d8358df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/t7900-subtree.test
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+(
+	chks="sub1
+sub2
+sub3
+sub4" &&
+	chks_sub=$(cat <<TXT | sed 's,^,sub dir/,'
+$chks
+TXT
+) &&
+	chkms="main-sub1
+main-sub2
+main-sub3
+main-sub4" &&
+	chkms_sub=$(cat <<TXT | sed 's,^,sub dir/,'
+$chkms
+TXT
+) &&
+
+	subfiles=$(git ls-files) &&
+	check_equal "$subfiles" "$chkms
+$chks"
+)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/while-loop.expect b/t/chainlint/while-loop.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..13cff2c0a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/while-loop.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+(
+	while true
+	do
+?!AMP?!		echo foo
+		cat
+?!AMP?!	done
+	while true; do
+		echo foo &&
+		cat bar
+	done
+>)
diff --git a/t/chainlint/while-loop.test b/t/chainlint/while-loop.test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f1df085bf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/chainlint/while-loop.test
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+(
+# LINT: 'while, 'do', 'done' do not need "&&"
+	while true
+	do
+# LINT: missing "&&" on 'echo'
+		echo foo
+# LINT: last statement of while does not need "&&"
+		cat <<-\EOF
+		bar
+		EOF
+# LINT: missing "&&" on 'done'
+	done
+
+# LINT: 'do' on same line as 'while'
+	while true; do
+		echo foo &&
+		cat bar
+	done
+)
diff --git a/t/check-non-portable-shell.pl b/t/check-non-portable-shell.pl
index b170cbc045..d5823f71d8 100755
--- a/t/check-non-portable-shell.pl
+++ b/t/check-non-portable-shell.pl
@@ -7,21 +7,43 @@ use strict;
 use warnings;
 
 my $exit_code=0;
+my %func;
 
 sub err {
 	my $msg = shift;
+	s/^\s+//;
+	s/\s+$//;
+	s/\s+/ /g;
 	print "$ARGV:$.: error: $msg: $_\n";
 	$exit_code = 1;
 }
 
+# glean names of shell functions
+for my $i (@ARGV) {
+	open(my $f, '<', $i) or die "$0: $i: $!\n";
+	while (<$f>) {
+		$func{$1} = 1 if /^\s*(\w+)\s*\(\)\s*{\s*$/;
+	}
+	close $f;
+}
+
 while (<>) {
 	chomp;
+	# stitch together incomplete lines (those ending with "\")
+	while (s/\\$//) {
+		$_ .= readline;
+		chomp;
+	}
+
 	/\bsed\s+-i/ and err 'sed -i is not portable';
-	/\becho\s+-n/ and err 'echo -n is not portable (please use printf)';
+	/\becho\s+-[neE]/ and err 'echo with option is not portable (use printf)';
 	/^\s*declare\s+/ and err 'arrays/declare not portable';
-	/^\s*[^#]\s*which\s/ and err 'which is not portable (please use type)';
-	/\btest\s+[^=]*==/ and err '"test a == b" is not portable (please use =)';
-	/\bexport\s+[A-Za-z0-9_]*=/ and err '"export FOO=bar" is not portable (please use FOO=bar && export FOO)';
+	/^\s*[^#]\s*which\s/ and err 'which is not portable (use type)';
+	/\btest\s+[^=]*==/ and err '"test a == b" is not portable (use =)';
+	/\bwc -l.*"\s*=/ and err '`"$(wc -l)"` is not portable (use test_line_count)';
+	/\bexport\s+[A-Za-z0-9_]*=/ and err '"export FOO=bar" is not portable (use FOO=bar && export FOO)';
+	/^\s*([A-Z0-9_]+=(\w+|(["']).*?\3)\s+)+(\w+)/ and exists($func{$4}) and
+		err '"FOO=bar shell_func" assignment extends beyond "shell_func"';
 	# this resets our $. for each file
 	close ARGV if eof;
 }
diff --git a/t/diff-lib.sh b/t/diff-lib.sh
index c211dc40ee..2de880f7a5 100644
--- a/t/diff-lib.sh
+++ b/t/diff-lib.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 :
 
-sanitize_diff_raw='/^:/s/ '"\($_x40\)"' '"\($_x40\)"' \([A-Z]\)[0-9]*	/ \1 \2 \3#	/'
+sanitize_diff_raw='/^:/s/ '"\($OID_REGEX\)"' '"\($OID_REGEX\)"' \([A-Z]\)[0-9]*	/ \1 \2 \3#	/'
 compare_diff_raw () {
     # When heuristics are improved, the score numbers would change.
     # Ignore them while comparing.
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ compare_diff_raw () {
     test_cmp .tmp-1 .tmp-2 && rm -f .tmp-1 .tmp-2
 }
 
-sanitize_diff_raw_z='/^:/s/ '"$_x40"' '"$_x40"' \([A-Z]\)[0-9]*$/ X X \1#/'
+sanitize_diff_raw_z='/^:/s/ '"$OID_REGEX"' '"$OID_REGEX"' \([A-Z]\)[0-9]*$/ X X \1#/'
 compare_diff_raw_z () {
     # When heuristics are improved, the score numbers would change.
     # Ignore them while comparing.
diff --git a/t/gitweb-lib.sh b/t/gitweb-lib.sh
index d5dab5a94f..006d2a8152 100644
--- a/t/gitweb-lib.sh
+++ b/t/gitweb-lib.sh
@@ -110,7 +110,12 @@ perl -MEncode -e '$e="";decode_utf8($e, Encode::FB_CROAK)' >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
 }
 
 perl -MCGI -MCGI::Util -MCGI::Carp -e 0 >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
-	skip_all='skipping gitweb tests, CGI module unusable'
+	skip_all='skipping gitweb tests, CGI & CGI::Util & CGI::Carp modules not available'
+	test_done
+}
+
+perl -mTime::HiRes -e 0 >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
+	skip_all='skipping gitweb tests, Time::HiRes module not available'
 	test_done
 }
 
diff --git a/t/helper/.gitignore b/t/helper/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2bad28af92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+*
+!*.sh
+!*.[ch]
+!*.gitignore
+
diff --git a/test-chmtime.c b/t/helper/test-chmtime.c
index dfe8a83261..aa22af48c2 100644
--- a/test-chmtime.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-chmtime.c
@@ -5,32 +5,43 @@
  *
  * The mtime can be changed to an absolute value:
  *
- *	test-chmtime =<seconds> file...
+ *	test-tool chmtime =<seconds> file...
  *
  * Relative to the current time as returned by time(3):
  *
- *	test-chmtime =+<seconds> (or =-<seconds>) file...
+ *	test-tool chmtime =+<seconds> (or =-<seconds>) file...
  *
  * Or relative to the current mtime of the file:
  *
- *	test-chmtime <seconds> file...
- *	test-chmtime +<seconds> (or -<seconds>) file...
+ *	test-tool chmtime <seconds> file...
+ *	test-tool chmtime +<seconds> (or -<seconds>) file...
  *
  * Examples:
  *
- * To just print the mtime use --verbose and set the file mtime offset to 0:
+ * To print the mtime and the file name use --verbose and set
+ * the file mtime offset to 0:
  *
- *	test-chmtime -v +0 file
+ *	test-tool chmtime -v +0 file
+ *
+ * To print only the mtime use --get:
+ *
+ *	test-tool chmtime --get file
  *
  * To set the mtime to current time:
  *
- *	test-chmtime =+0 file
+ *	test-tool chmtime =+0 file
+ *
+ * To set the file mtime offset to +1 and print the new value:
+ *
+ *	test-tool chmtime --get +1 file
  *
  */
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include <utime.h>
 
-static const char usage_str[] = "-v|--verbose (+|=|=+|=-|-)<seconds> <file>...";
+static const char usage_str[] =
+	"(-v|--verbose|-g|--get) (+|=|=+|=-|-)<seconds> <file>...";
 
 static int timespec_arg(const char *arg, long int *set_time, int *set_eq)
 {
@@ -46,7 +57,6 @@ static int timespec_arg(const char *arg, long int *set_time, int *set_eq)
 	}
 	*set_time = strtol(timespec, &test, 10);
 	if (*test) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Not a base-10 integer: %s\n", arg + 1);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if ((*set_eq && *set_time < 0) || *set_eq == 2) {
@@ -56,9 +66,10 @@ static int timespec_arg(const char *arg, long int *set_time, int *set_eq)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+int cmd__chmtime(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	static int verbose;
+	static int get;
 
 	int i = 1;
 	/* no mtime change by default */
@@ -68,18 +79,34 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 	if (argc < 3)
 		goto usage;
 
-	if (strcmp(argv[i], "--verbose") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i], "-v") == 0) {
+	if (strcmp(argv[i], "--get") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i], "-g") == 0) {
+		get = 1;
+		++i;
+	} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--verbose") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i], "-v") == 0) {
 		verbose = 1;
 		++i;
 	}
-	if (timespec_arg(argv[i], &set_time, &set_eq))
+
+	if (i == argc) {
+		goto usage;
+	}
+
+	if (timespec_arg(argv[i], &set_time, &set_eq)) {
 		++i;
-	else
+	} else {
+		if (get == 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Not a base-10 integer: %s\n", argv[i] + 1);
+			goto usage;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (i == argc)
 		goto usage;
 
 	for (; i < argc; i++) {
 		struct stat sb;
 		struct utimbuf utb;
+		uintmax_t mtime;
 
 		if (stat(argv[i], &sb) < 0) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Failed to stat %s: %s\n",
@@ -99,8 +126,10 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 		utb.actime = sb.st_atime;
 		utb.modtime = set_eq ? set_time : sb.st_mtime + set_time;
 
-		if (verbose) {
-			uintmax_t mtime = utb.modtime < 0 ? 0: utb.modtime;
+		mtime = utb.modtime < 0 ? 0: utb.modtime;
+		if (get) {
+			printf("%"PRIuMAX"\n", mtime);
+		} else if (verbose) {
 			printf("%"PRIuMAX"\t%s\n", mtime, argv[i]);
 		}
 
diff --git a/test-config.c b/t/helper/test-config.c
index 6a77552210..214003d5b2 100644
--- a/test-config.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-config.c
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 
 /*
@@ -25,20 +27,71 @@
  * 				ascending order of priority from a config_set
  * 				constructed from files entered as arguments.
  *
+ * iterate -> iterate over all values using git_config(), and print some
+ *            data for each
+ *
  * Examples:
  *
  * To print the value with highest priority for key "foo.bAr Baz.rock":
- * 	test-config get_value "foo.bAr Baz.rock"
+ * 	test-tool config get_value "foo.bAr Baz.rock"
  *
  */
 
+static const char *scope_name(enum config_scope scope)
+{
+	switch (scope) {
+	case CONFIG_SCOPE_SYSTEM:
+		return "system";
+	case CONFIG_SCOPE_GLOBAL:
+		return "global";
+	case CONFIG_SCOPE_REPO:
+		return "repo";
+	case CONFIG_SCOPE_CMDLINE:
+		return "cmdline";
+	default:
+		return "unknown";
+	}
+}
+static int iterate_cb(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
+{
+	static int nr;
+
+	if (nr++)
+		putchar('\n');
+
+	printf("key=%s\n", var);
+	printf("value=%s\n", value ? value : "(null)");
+	printf("origin=%s\n", current_config_origin_type());
+	printf("name=%s\n", current_config_name());
+	printf("scope=%s\n", scope_name(current_config_scope()));
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int early_config_cb(const char *var, const char *value, void *vdata)
+{
+	const char *key = vdata;
+
+	if (!strcmp(key, var))
+		printf("%s\n", value);
+
+	return 0;
+}
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd__config(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	int i, val;
 	const char *v;
 	const struct string_list *strptr;
 	struct config_set cs;
+
+	if (argc == 3 && !strcmp(argv[1], "read_early_config")) {
+		read_early_config(early_config_cb, (void *)argv[2]);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	setup_git_directory();
+
 	git_configset_init(&cs);
 
 	if (argc < 2) {
@@ -134,6 +187,9 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			printf("Value not found for \"%s\"\n", argv[2]);
 			goto exit1;
 		}
+	} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "iterate")) {
+		git_config(iterate_cb, NULL);
+		goto exit0;
 	}
 
 	die("%s: Please check the syntax and the function name", argv[0]);
diff --git a/test-ctype.c b/t/helper/test-ctype.c
index 707a821f03..92c4c2313e 100644
--- a/test-ctype.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-ctype.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 
 static int rc;
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ static int is_in(const char *s, int ch)
 #define LOWER "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
 #define UPPER "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd__ctype(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	TEST_CLASS(isdigit, DIGIT);
 	TEST_CLASS(isspace, " \n\r\t");
diff --git a/t/helper/test-date.c b/t/helper/test-date.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a0837371ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-date.c
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+
+static const char *usage_msg = "\n"
+"  test-tool date relative [time_t]...\n"
+"  test-tool date show:<format> [time_t]...\n"
+"  test-tool date parse [date]...\n"
+"  test-tool date approxidate [date]...\n"
+"  test-tool date timestamp [date]...\n"
+"  test-tool date is64bit\n"
+"  test-tool date time_t-is64bit\n";
+
+static void show_relative_dates(const char **argv, struct timeval *now)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	for (; *argv; argv++) {
+		time_t t = atoi(*argv);
+		show_date_relative(t, 0, now, &buf);
+		printf("%s -> %s\n", *argv, buf.buf);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void show_dates(const char **argv, const char *format)
+{
+	struct date_mode mode;
+
+	parse_date_format(format, &mode);
+	for (; *argv; argv++) {
+		char *arg;
+		timestamp_t t;
+		int tz;
+
+		/*
+		 * Do not use our normal timestamp parsing here, as the point
+		 * is to test the formatting code in isolation.
+		 */
+		t = parse_timestamp(*argv, &arg, 10);
+		while (*arg == ' ')
+			arg++;
+		tz = atoi(arg);
+
+		printf("%s -> %s\n", *argv, show_date(t, tz, &mode));
+	}
+}
+
+static void parse_dates(const char **argv, struct timeval *now)
+{
+	struct strbuf result = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	for (; *argv; argv++) {
+		timestamp_t t;
+		int tz;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&result);
+		parse_date(*argv, &result);
+		if (sscanf(result.buf, "%"PRItime" %d", &t, &tz) == 2)
+			printf("%s -> %s\n",
+			       *argv, show_date(t, tz, DATE_MODE(ISO8601)));
+		else
+			printf("%s -> bad\n", *argv);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&result);
+}
+
+static void parse_approxidate(const char **argv, struct timeval *now)
+{
+	for (; *argv; argv++) {
+		timestamp_t t;
+		t = approxidate_relative(*argv, now);
+		printf("%s -> %s\n", *argv, show_date(t, 0, DATE_MODE(ISO8601)));
+	}
+}
+
+static void parse_approx_timestamp(const char **argv, struct timeval *now)
+{
+	for (; *argv; argv++) {
+		timestamp_t t;
+		t = approxidate_relative(*argv, now);
+		printf("%s -> %"PRItime"\n", *argv, t);
+	}
+}
+
+int cmd__date(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct timeval now;
+	const char *x;
+
+	x = getenv("TEST_DATE_NOW");
+	if (x) {
+		now.tv_sec = atoi(x);
+		now.tv_usec = 0;
+	}
+	else
+		gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
+
+	argv++;
+	if (!*argv)
+		usage(usage_msg);
+	if (!strcmp(*argv, "relative"))
+		show_relative_dates(argv+1, &now);
+	else if (skip_prefix(*argv, "show:", &x))
+		show_dates(argv+1, x);
+	else if (!strcmp(*argv, "parse"))
+		parse_dates(argv+1, &now);
+	else if (!strcmp(*argv, "approxidate"))
+		parse_approxidate(argv+1, &now);
+	else if (!strcmp(*argv, "timestamp"))
+		parse_approx_timestamp(argv+1, &now);
+	else if (!strcmp(*argv, "is64bit"))
+		return sizeof(timestamp_t) == 8 ? 0 : 1;
+	else if (!strcmp(*argv, "time_t-is64bit"))
+		return sizeof(time_t) == 8 ? 0 : 1;
+	else
+		usage(usage_msg);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/test-delta.c b/t/helper/test-delta.c
index 4595cd6433..34c7259248 100644
--- a/test-delta.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-delta.c
@@ -8,14 +8,15 @@
  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  */
 
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "delta.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 
 static const char usage_str[] =
-	"test-delta (-d|-p) <from_file> <data_file> <out_file>";
+	"test-tool delta (-d|-p) <from_file> <data_file> <out_file>";
 
-int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+int cmd__delta(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	int fd;
 	struct stat st;
@@ -69,7 +70,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 	}
 
 	fd = open (argv[4], O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0666);
-	if (fd < 0 || write_in_full(fd, out_buf, out_size) != out_size) {
+	if (fd < 0 || write_in_full(fd, out_buf, out_size) < 0) {
 		perror(argv[4]);
 		return 1;
 	}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-drop-caches.c b/t/helper/test-drop-caches.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f65e301f9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-drop-caches.c
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+
+#if defined(GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE)
+#include "lazyload.h"
+
+static int cmd_sync(void)
+{
+	char Buffer[MAX_PATH];
+	DWORD dwRet;
+	char szVolumeAccessPath[] = "\\\\.\\X:";
+	HANDLE hVolWrite;
+	int success = 0;
+
+	dwRet = GetCurrentDirectory(MAX_PATH, Buffer);
+	if ((0 == dwRet) || (dwRet > MAX_PATH))
+		return error("Error getting current directory");
+
+	if (!has_dos_drive_prefix(Buffer))
+		return error("'%s': invalid drive letter", Buffer);
+
+	szVolumeAccessPath[4] = Buffer[0];
+	hVolWrite = CreateFile(szVolumeAccessPath, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
+		FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL);
+	if (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE == hVolWrite)
+		return error("Unable to open volume for writing, need admin access");
+
+	success = FlushFileBuffers(hVolWrite);
+	if (!success)
+		error("Unable to flush volume");
+
+	CloseHandle(hVolWrite);
+
+	return !success;
+}
+
+#define STATUS_SUCCESS			(0x00000000L)
+#define STATUS_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD	(0xC0000061L)
+
+typedef enum _SYSTEM_INFORMATION_CLASS {
+	SystemMemoryListInformation = 80,
+} SYSTEM_INFORMATION_CLASS;
+
+typedef enum _SYSTEM_MEMORY_LIST_COMMAND {
+	MemoryCaptureAccessedBits,
+	MemoryCaptureAndResetAccessedBits,
+	MemoryEmptyWorkingSets,
+	MemoryFlushModifiedList,
+	MemoryPurgeStandbyList,
+	MemoryPurgeLowPriorityStandbyList,
+	MemoryCommandMax
+} SYSTEM_MEMORY_LIST_COMMAND;
+
+static BOOL GetPrivilege(HANDLE TokenHandle, LPCSTR lpName, int flags)
+{
+	BOOL bResult;
+	DWORD dwBufferLength;
+	LUID luid;
+	TOKEN_PRIVILEGES tpPreviousState;
+	TOKEN_PRIVILEGES tpNewState;
+
+	dwBufferLength = 16;
+	bResult = LookupPrivilegeValueA(0, lpName, &luid);
+	if (bResult) {
+		tpNewState.PrivilegeCount = 1;
+		tpNewState.Privileges[0].Luid = luid;
+		tpNewState.Privileges[0].Attributes = 0;
+		bResult = AdjustTokenPrivileges(TokenHandle, 0, &tpNewState,
+			(DWORD)((LPBYTE)&(tpNewState.Privileges[1]) - (LPBYTE)&tpNewState),
+			&tpPreviousState, &dwBufferLength);
+		if (bResult) {
+			tpPreviousState.PrivilegeCount = 1;
+			tpPreviousState.Privileges[0].Luid = luid;
+			tpPreviousState.Privileges[0].Attributes = flags != 0 ? 2 : 0;
+			bResult = AdjustTokenPrivileges(TokenHandle, 0, &tpPreviousState,
+				dwBufferLength, 0, 0);
+		}
+	}
+	return bResult;
+}
+
+static int cmd_dropcaches(void)
+{
+	HANDLE hProcess = GetCurrentProcess();
+	HANDLE hToken;
+	DECLARE_PROC_ADDR(ntdll.dll, DWORD, NtSetSystemInformation, INT, PVOID, ULONG);
+	SYSTEM_MEMORY_LIST_COMMAND command;
+	int status;
+
+	if (!OpenProcessToken(hProcess, TOKEN_QUERY | TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES, &hToken))
+		return error("Can't open current process token");
+
+	if (!GetPrivilege(hToken, "SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege", 1))
+		return error("Can't get SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege");
+
+	CloseHandle(hToken);
+
+	if (!INIT_PROC_ADDR(NtSetSystemInformation))
+		return error("Could not find NtSetSystemInformation() function");
+
+	command = MemoryPurgeStandbyList;
+	status = NtSetSystemInformation(
+		SystemMemoryListInformation,
+		&command,
+		sizeof(SYSTEM_MEMORY_LIST_COMMAND)
+	);
+	if (status == STATUS_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD)
+		error("Insufficient privileges to purge the standby list, need admin access");
+	else if (status != STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		error("Unable to execute the memory list command %d", status);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+#elif defined(__linux__)
+
+static int cmd_sync(void)
+{
+	return system("sync");
+}
+
+static int cmd_dropcaches(void)
+{
+	return system("echo 3 | sudo tee /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches");
+}
+
+#elif defined(__APPLE__)
+
+static int cmd_sync(void)
+{
+	return system("sync");
+}
+
+static int cmd_dropcaches(void)
+{
+	return system("sudo purge");
+}
+
+#else
+
+static int cmd_sync(void)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int cmd_dropcaches(void)
+{
+	return error("drop caches not implemented on this platform");
+}
+
+#endif
+
+int cmd__drop_caches(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	cmd_sync();
+	return cmd_dropcaches();
+}
diff --git a/test-dump-cache-tree.c b/t/helper/test-dump-cache-tree.c
index 54c0872fcb..98a4891f1d 100644
--- a/test-dump-cache-tree.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-dump-cache-tree.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
@@ -10,7 +11,7 @@ static void dump_one(struct cache_tree *it, const char *pfx, const char *x)
 		       "invalid", x, pfx, it->subtree_nr);
 	else
 		printf("%s %s%s (%d entries, %d subtrees)\n",
-		       sha1_to_hex(it->sha1), x, pfx,
+		       oid_to_hex(&it->oid), x, pfx,
 		       it->entry_count, it->subtree_nr);
 }
 
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ static int dump_cache_tree(struct cache_tree *it,
 	}
 	else {
 		dump_one(it, pfx, "");
-		if (hashcmp(it->sha1, ref->sha1) ||
+		if (oidcmp(&it->oid, &ref->oid) ||
 		    ref->entry_count != it->entry_count ||
 		    ref->subtree_nr != it->subtree_nr) {
 			/* claims to be valid but is lying */
@@ -47,17 +48,18 @@ static int dump_cache_tree(struct cache_tree *it,
 		struct cache_tree_sub *rdwn;
 
 		rdwn = cache_tree_sub(ref, down->name);
-		sprintf(path, "%s%.*s/", pfx, down->namelen, down->name);
+		xsnprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s%.*s/", pfx, down->namelen, down->name);
 		if (dump_cache_tree(down->cache_tree, rdwn->cache_tree, path))
 			errs = 1;
 	}
 	return errs;
 }
 
-int main(int ac, char **av)
+int cmd__dump_cache_tree(int ac, const char **av)
 {
 	struct index_state istate;
 	struct cache_tree *another = cache_tree();
+	setup_git_directory();
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		die("unable to read index file");
 	istate = the_index;
diff --git a/t/helper/test-dump-fsmonitor.c b/t/helper/test-dump-fsmonitor.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ad452707e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-dump-fsmonitor.c
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+
+int cmd_main(int ac, const char **av)
+{
+	struct index_state *istate = &the_index;
+	int i;
+
+	setup_git_directory();
+	if (do_read_index(istate, get_index_file(), 0) < 0)
+		die("unable to read index file");
+	if (!istate->fsmonitor_last_update) {
+		printf("no fsmonitor\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	printf("fsmonitor last update %"PRIuMAX"\n", (uintmax_t)istate->fsmonitor_last_update);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++)
+		printf((istate->cache[i]->ce_flags & CE_FSMONITOR_VALID) ? "+" : "-");
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/test-dump-split-index.c b/t/helper/test-dump-split-index.c
index 9cf3112c9d..63c689d6ee 100644
--- a/test-dump-split-index.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-dump-split-index.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "split-index.h"
 #include "ewah/ewok.h"
@@ -7,28 +8,30 @@ static void show_bit(size_t pos, void *data)
 	printf(" %d", (int)pos);
 }
 
-int main(int ac, char **av)
+int cmd__dump_split_index(int ac, const char **av)
 {
 	struct split_index *si;
 	int i;
 
 	do_read_index(&the_index, av[1], 1);
-	printf("own %s\n", sha1_to_hex(the_index.sha1));
+	printf("own %s\n", oid_to_hex(&the_index.oid));
 	si = the_index.split_index;
 	if (!si) {
 		printf("not a split index\n");
 		return 0;
 	}
-	printf("base %s\n", sha1_to_hex(si->base_sha1));
+	printf("base %s\n", oid_to_hex(&si->base_oid));
 	for (i = 0; i < the_index.cache_nr; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = the_index.cache[i];
 		printf("%06o %s %d\t%s\n", ce->ce_mode,
-		       sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1), ce_stage(ce), ce->name);
+		       oid_to_hex(&ce->oid), ce_stage(ce), ce->name);
 	}
 	printf("replacements:");
-	ewah_each_bit(si->replace_bitmap, show_bit, NULL);
+	if (si->replace_bitmap)
+		ewah_each_bit(si->replace_bitmap, show_bit, NULL);
 	printf("\ndeletions:");
-	ewah_each_bit(si->delete_bitmap, show_bit, NULL);
+	if (si->delete_bitmap)
+		ewah_each_bit(si->delete_bitmap, show_bit, NULL);
 	printf("\n");
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/t/helper/test-dump-untracked-cache.c b/t/helper/test-dump-untracked-cache.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bd92fb305a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-dump-untracked-cache.c
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+
+static int compare_untracked(const void *a_, const void *b_)
+{
+	const char *const *a = a_;
+	const char *const *b = b_;
+	return strcmp(*a, *b);
+}
+
+static int compare_dir(const void *a_, const void *b_)
+{
+	const struct untracked_cache_dir *const *a = a_;
+	const struct untracked_cache_dir *const *b = b_;
+	return strcmp((*a)->name, (*b)->name);
+}
+
+static void dump(struct untracked_cache_dir *ucd, struct strbuf *base)
+{
+	int i, len;
+	QSORT(ucd->untracked, ucd->untracked_nr, compare_untracked);
+	QSORT(ucd->dirs, ucd->dirs_nr, compare_dir);
+	len = base->len;
+	strbuf_addf(base, "%s/", ucd->name);
+	printf("%s %s", base->buf,
+	       oid_to_hex(&ucd->exclude_oid));
+	if (ucd->recurse)
+		fputs(" recurse", stdout);
+	if (ucd->check_only)
+		fputs(" check_only", stdout);
+	if (ucd->valid)
+		fputs(" valid", stdout);
+	printf("\n");
+	for (i = 0; i < ucd->untracked_nr; i++)
+		printf("%s\n", ucd->untracked[i]);
+	for (i = 0; i < ucd->dirs_nr; i++)
+		dump(ucd->dirs[i], base);
+	strbuf_setlen(base, len);
+}
+
+int cmd_main(int ac, const char **av)
+{
+	struct untracked_cache *uc;
+	struct strbuf base = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	/* Hack to avoid modifying the untracked cache when we read it */
+	ignore_untracked_cache_config = 1;
+
+	setup_git_directory();
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		die("unable to read index file");
+	uc = the_index.untracked;
+	if (!uc) {
+		printf("no untracked cache\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	printf("info/exclude %s\n", oid_to_hex(&uc->ss_info_exclude.oid));
+	printf("core.excludesfile %s\n", oid_to_hex(&uc->ss_excludes_file.oid));
+	printf("exclude_per_dir %s\n", uc->exclude_per_dir);
+	printf("flags %08x\n", uc->dir_flags);
+	if (uc->root)
+		dump(uc->root, &base);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-example-decorate.c b/t/helper/test-example-decorate.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a20a6161e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-example-decorate.c
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "object.h"
+#include "decorate.h"
+
+int cmd__example_decorate(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct decoration n;
+	struct object_id one_oid = { {1} };
+	struct object_id two_oid = { {2} };
+	struct object_id three_oid = { {3} };
+	struct object *one, *two, *three;
+
+	int decoration_a, decoration_b;
+
+	void *ret;
+
+	int i, objects_noticed = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * The struct must be zero-initialized.
+	 */
+	memset(&n, 0, sizeof(n));
+
+	/*
+	 * Add 2 objects, one with a non-NULL decoration and one with a NULL
+	 * decoration.
+	 */
+	one = lookup_unknown_object(one_oid.hash);
+	two = lookup_unknown_object(two_oid.hash);
+	ret = add_decoration(&n, one, &decoration_a);
+	if (ret)
+		BUG("when adding a brand-new object, NULL should be returned");
+	ret = add_decoration(&n, two, NULL);
+	if (ret)
+		BUG("when adding a brand-new object, NULL should be returned");
+
+	/*
+	 * When re-adding an already existing object, the old decoration is
+	 * returned.
+	 */
+	ret = add_decoration(&n, one, NULL);
+	if (ret != &decoration_a)
+		BUG("when readding an already existing object, existing decoration should be returned");
+	ret = add_decoration(&n, two, &decoration_b);
+	if (ret)
+		BUG("when readding an already existing object, existing decoration should be returned");
+
+	/*
+	 * Lookup returns the added declarations, or NULL if the object was
+	 * never added.
+	 */
+	ret = lookup_decoration(&n, one);
+	if (ret)
+		BUG("lookup should return added declaration");
+	ret = lookup_decoration(&n, two);
+	if (ret != &decoration_b)
+		BUG("lookup should return added declaration");
+	three = lookup_unknown_object(three_oid.hash);
+	ret = lookup_decoration(&n, three);
+	if (ret)
+		BUG("lookup for unknown object should return NULL");
+
+	/*
+	 * The user can also loop through all entries.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < n.size; i++) {
+		if (n.entries[i].base)
+			objects_noticed++;
+	}
+	if (objects_noticed != 2)
+		BUG("should have 2 objects");
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-fake-ssh.c b/t/helper/test-fake-ssh.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..12beee99ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-fake-ssh.c
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *trash_directory = getenv("TRASH_DIRECTORY");
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *f;
+	int i;
+	const char *child_argv[] = { NULL, NULL };
+
+	/* First, print all parameters into $TRASH_DIRECTORY/ssh-output */
+	if (!trash_directory)
+		die("Need a TRASH_DIRECTORY!");
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s/ssh-output", trash_directory);
+	f = fopen(buf.buf, "w");
+	if (!f)
+		die("Could not write to %s", buf.buf);
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
+		fprintf(f, "%s%s", i > 0 ? " " : "", i > 0 ? argv[i] : "ssh:");
+	fprintf(f, "\n");
+	fclose(f);
+
+	/* Now, evaluate the *last* parameter */
+	if (argc < 2)
+		return 0;
+	child_argv[0] = argv[argc - 1];
+	return run_command_v_opt(child_argv, RUN_USING_SHELL);
+}
diff --git a/test-genrandom.c b/t/helper/test-genrandom.c
index 54824d0754..99b8dc1e2d 100644
--- a/test-genrandom.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-genrandom.c
@@ -4,9 +4,10 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2007 by Nicolas Pitre, licensed under the GPL version 2.
  */
 
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 
-int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+int cmd__genrandom(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	unsigned long count, next = 0;
 	unsigned char *c;
diff --git a/test-hashmap.c b/t/helper/test-hashmap.c
index cc2891dd97..23d2b172fe 100644
--- a/test-hashmap.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-hashmap.c
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "hashmap.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
 
 struct test_entry
 {
@@ -13,23 +15,28 @@ static const char *get_value(const struct test_entry *e)
 	return e->key + strlen(e->key) + 1;
 }
 
-static int test_entry_cmp(const struct test_entry *e1,
-		const struct test_entry *e2, const char* key)
+static int test_entry_cmp(const void *cmp_data,
+			  const void *entry,
+			  const void *entry_or_key,
+			  const void *keydata)
 {
-	return strcmp(e1->key, key ? key : e2->key);
+	const int ignore_case = cmp_data ? *((int *)cmp_data) : 0;
+	const struct test_entry *e1 = entry;
+	const struct test_entry *e2 = entry_or_key;
+	const char *key = keydata;
+
+	if (ignore_case)
+		return strcasecmp(e1->key, key ? key : e2->key);
+	else
+		return strcmp(e1->key, key ? key : e2->key);
 }
 
-static int test_entry_cmp_icase(const struct test_entry *e1,
-		const struct test_entry *e2, const char* key)
+static struct test_entry *alloc_test_entry(unsigned int hash,
+					   char *key, char *value)
 {
-	return strcasecmp(e1->key, key ? key : e2->key);
-}
-
-static struct test_entry *alloc_test_entry(int hash, char *key, int klen,
-		char *value, int vlen)
-{
-	struct test_entry *entry = malloc(sizeof(struct test_entry) + klen
-			+ vlen + 2);
+	size_t klen = strlen(key);
+	size_t vlen = strlen(value);
+	struct test_entry *entry = xmalloc(st_add4(sizeof(*entry), klen, vlen, 2));
 	hashmap_entry_init(entry, hash);
 	memcpy(entry->key, key, klen + 1);
 	memcpy(entry->key + klen + 1, value, vlen + 1);
@@ -71,7 +78,7 @@ static unsigned int hash(unsigned int method, unsigned int i, const char *key)
 
 /*
  * Test performance of hashmap.[ch]
- * Usage: time echo "perfhashmap method rounds" | test-hashmap
+ * Usage: time echo "perfhashmap method rounds" | test-tool hashmap
  */
 static void perf_hashmap(unsigned int method, unsigned int rounds)
 {
@@ -81,18 +88,18 @@ static void perf_hashmap(unsigned int method, unsigned int rounds)
 	unsigned int *hashes;
 	unsigned int i, j;
 
-	entries = malloc(TEST_SIZE * sizeof(struct test_entry *));
-	hashes = malloc(TEST_SIZE * sizeof(int));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(entries, TEST_SIZE);
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(hashes, TEST_SIZE);
 	for (i = 0; i < TEST_SIZE; i++) {
-		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%i", i);
-		entries[i] = alloc_test_entry(0, buf, strlen(buf), "", 0);
+		xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%i", i);
+		entries[i] = alloc_test_entry(0, buf, "");
 		hashes[i] = hash(method, i, entries[i]->key);
 	}
 
 	if (method & TEST_ADD) {
 		/* test adding to the map */
 		for (j = 0; j < rounds; j++) {
-			hashmap_init(&map, (hashmap_cmp_fn) test_entry_cmp, 0);
+			hashmap_init(&map, test_entry_cmp, NULL, 0);
 
 			/* add entries */
 			for (i = 0; i < TEST_SIZE; i++) {
@@ -104,7 +111,7 @@ static void perf_hashmap(unsigned int method, unsigned int rounds)
 		}
 	} else {
 		/* test map lookups */
-		hashmap_init(&map, (hashmap_cmp_fn) test_entry_cmp, 0);
+		hashmap_init(&map, test_entry_cmp, NULL, 0);
 
 		/* fill the map (sparsely if specified) */
 		j = (method & TEST_SPARSE) ? TEST_SIZE / 10 : TEST_SIZE;
@@ -138,56 +145,53 @@ static void perf_hashmap(unsigned int method, unsigned int rounds)
  *
  * perfhashmap method rounds -> test hashmap.[ch] performance
  */
-int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+int cmd__hashmap(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-	char line[1024];
+	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct hashmap map;
 	int icase;
 
 	/* init hash map */
 	icase = argc > 1 && !strcmp("ignorecase", argv[1]);
-	hashmap_init(&map, (hashmap_cmp_fn) (icase ? test_entry_cmp_icase
-			: test_entry_cmp), 0);
+	hashmap_init(&map, test_entry_cmp, &icase, 0);
 
 	/* process commands from stdin */
-	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin)) {
+	while (strbuf_getline(&line, stdin) != EOF) {
 		char *cmd, *p1 = NULL, *p2 = NULL;
-		int l1 = 0, l2 = 0, hash = 0;
+		unsigned int hash = 0;
 		struct test_entry *entry;
 
 		/* break line into command and up to two parameters */
-		cmd = strtok(line, DELIM);
+		cmd = strtok(line.buf, DELIM);
 		/* ignore empty lines */
 		if (!cmd || *cmd == '#')
 			continue;
 
 		p1 = strtok(NULL, DELIM);
 		if (p1) {
-			l1 = strlen(p1);
 			hash = icase ? strihash(p1) : strhash(p1);
 			p2 = strtok(NULL, DELIM);
-			if (p2)
-				l2 = strlen(p2);
 		}
 
-		if (!strcmp("hash", cmd) && l1) {
+		if (!strcmp("hash", cmd) && p1) {
 
 			/* print results of different hash functions */
-			printf("%u %u %u %u\n", strhash(p1), memhash(p1, l1),
-					strihash(p1), memihash(p1, l1));
+			printf("%u %u %u %u\n",
+			       strhash(p1), memhash(p1, strlen(p1)),
+			       strihash(p1), memihash(p1, strlen(p1)));
 
-		} else if (!strcmp("add", cmd) && l1 && l2) {
+		} else if (!strcmp("add", cmd) && p1 && p2) {
 
 			/* create entry with key = p1, value = p2 */
-			entry = alloc_test_entry(hash, p1, l1, p2, l2);
+			entry = alloc_test_entry(hash, p1, p2);
 
 			/* add to hashmap */
 			hashmap_add(&map, entry);
 
-		} else if (!strcmp("put", cmd) && l1 && l2) {
+		} else if (!strcmp("put", cmd) && p1 && p2) {
 
 			/* create entry with key = p1, value = p2 */
-			entry = alloc_test_entry(hash, p1, l1, p2, l2);
+			entry = alloc_test_entry(hash, p1, p2);
 
 			/* add / replace entry */
 			entry = hashmap_put(&map, entry);
@@ -196,7 +200,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 			puts(entry ? get_value(entry) : "NULL");
 			free(entry);
 
-		} else if (!strcmp("get", cmd) && l1) {
+		} else if (!strcmp("get", cmd) && p1) {
 
 			/* lookup entry in hashmap */
 			entry = hashmap_get_from_hash(&map, hash, p1);
@@ -209,7 +213,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 				entry = hashmap_get_next(&map, entry);
 			}
 
-		} else if (!strcmp("remove", cmd) && l1) {
+		} else if (!strcmp("remove", cmd) && p1) {
 
 			/* setup static key */
 			struct hashmap_entry key;
@@ -232,9 +236,10 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 		} else if (!strcmp("size", cmd)) {
 
 			/* print table sizes */
-			printf("%u %u\n", map.tablesize, map.size);
+			printf("%u %u\n", map.tablesize,
+			       hashmap_get_size(&map));
 
-		} else if (!strcmp("intern", cmd) && l1) {
+		} else if (!strcmp("intern", cmd) && p1) {
 
 			/* test that strintern works */
 			const char *i1 = strintern(p1);
@@ -248,7 +253,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 			else
 				printf("%s\n", i1);
 
-		} else if (!strcmp("perfhashmap", cmd) && l1 && l2) {
+		} else if (!strcmp("perfhashmap", cmd) && p1 && p2) {
 
 			perf_hashmap(atoi(p1), atoi(p2));
 
@@ -259,6 +264,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 		}
 	}
 
+	strbuf_release(&line);
 	hashmap_free(&map, 1);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/test-index-version.c b/t/helper/test-index-version.c
index 05d4699c4a..fcd10968cc 100644
--- a/test-index-version.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-index-version.c
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd__index_version(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	struct cache_header hdr;
 	int version;
diff --git a/t/helper/test-json-writer.c b/t/helper/test-json-writer.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..37c452535f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-json-writer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,565 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "json-writer.h"
+
+static const char *expect_obj1 = "{\"a\":\"abc\",\"b\":42,\"c\":true}";
+static const char *expect_obj2 = "{\"a\":-1,\"b\":2147483647,\"c\":0}";
+static const char *expect_obj3 = "{\"a\":0,\"b\":4294967295,\"c\":9223372036854775807}";
+static const char *expect_obj4 = "{\"t\":true,\"f\":false,\"n\":null}";
+static const char *expect_obj5 = "{\"abc\\tdef\":\"abc\\\\def\"}";
+static const char *expect_obj6 = "{\"a\":3.14}";
+
+static const char *pretty_obj1 = ("{\n"
+				  "  \"a\": \"abc\",\n"
+				  "  \"b\": 42,\n"
+				  "  \"c\": true\n"
+				  "}");
+static const char *pretty_obj2 = ("{\n"
+				  "  \"a\": -1,\n"
+				  "  \"b\": 2147483647,\n"
+				  "  \"c\": 0\n"
+				  "}");
+static const char *pretty_obj3 = ("{\n"
+				  "  \"a\": 0,\n"
+				  "  \"b\": 4294967295,\n"
+				  "  \"c\": 9223372036854775807\n"
+				  "}");
+static const char *pretty_obj4 = ("{\n"
+				  "  \"t\": true,\n"
+				  "  \"f\": false,\n"
+				  "  \"n\": null\n"
+				  "}");
+
+static struct json_writer obj1 = JSON_WRITER_INIT;
+static struct json_writer obj2 = JSON_WRITER_INIT;
+static struct json_writer obj3 = JSON_WRITER_INIT;
+static struct json_writer obj4 = JSON_WRITER_INIT;
+static struct json_writer obj5 = JSON_WRITER_INIT;
+static struct json_writer obj6 = JSON_WRITER_INIT;
+
+static void make_obj1(int pretty)
+{
+	jw_object_begin(&obj1, pretty);
+	{
+		jw_object_string(&obj1, "a", "abc");
+		jw_object_intmax(&obj1, "b", 42);
+		jw_object_true(&obj1, "c");
+	}
+	jw_end(&obj1);
+}
+
+static void make_obj2(int pretty)
+{
+	jw_object_begin(&obj2, pretty);
+	{
+		jw_object_intmax(&obj2, "a", -1);
+		jw_object_intmax(&obj2, "b", 0x7fffffff);
+		jw_object_intmax(&obj2, "c", 0);
+	}
+	jw_end(&obj2);
+}
+
+static void make_obj3(int pretty)
+{
+	jw_object_begin(&obj3, pretty);
+	{
+		jw_object_intmax(&obj3, "a", 0);
+		jw_object_intmax(&obj3, "b", 0xffffffff);
+		jw_object_intmax(&obj3, "c", 0x7fffffffffffffffULL);
+	}
+	jw_end(&obj3);
+}
+
+static void make_obj4(int pretty)
+{
+	jw_object_begin(&obj4, pretty);
+	{
+		jw_object_true(&obj4, "t");
+		jw_object_false(&obj4, "f");
+		jw_object_null(&obj4, "n");
+	}
+	jw_end(&obj4);
+}
+
+static void make_obj5(int pretty)
+{
+	jw_object_begin(&obj5, pretty);
+	{
+		jw_object_string(&obj5, "abc" "\x09" "def", "abc" "\\" "def");
+	}
+	jw_end(&obj5);
+}
+
+static void make_obj6(int pretty)
+{
+	jw_object_begin(&obj6, pretty);
+	{
+		jw_object_double(&obj6, "a", 2, 3.14159);
+	}
+	jw_end(&obj6);
+}
+
+static const char *expect_arr1 = "[\"abc\",42,true]";
+static const char *expect_arr2 = "[-1,2147483647,0]";
+static const char *expect_arr3 = "[0,4294967295,9223372036854775807]";
+static const char *expect_arr4 = "[true,false,null]";
+
+static const char *pretty_arr1 = ("[\n"
+				  "  \"abc\",\n"
+				  "  42,\n"
+				  "  true\n"
+				  "]");
+static const char *pretty_arr2 = ("[\n"
+				  "  -1,\n"
+				  "  2147483647,\n"
+				  "  0\n"
+				  "]");
+static const char *pretty_arr3 = ("[\n"
+				  "  0,\n"
+				  "  4294967295,\n"
+				  "  9223372036854775807\n"
+				  "]");
+static const char *pretty_arr4 = ("[\n"
+				  "  true,\n"
+				  "  false,\n"
+				  "  null\n"
+				  "]");
+
+static struct json_writer arr1 = JSON_WRITER_INIT;
+static struct json_writer arr2 = JSON_WRITER_INIT;
+static struct json_writer arr3 = JSON_WRITER_INIT;
+static struct json_writer arr4 = JSON_WRITER_INIT;
+
+static void make_arr1(int pretty)
+{
+	jw_array_begin(&arr1, pretty);
+	{
+		jw_array_string(&arr1, "abc");
+		jw_array_intmax(&arr1, 42);
+		jw_array_true(&arr1);
+	}
+	jw_end(&arr1);
+}
+
+static void make_arr2(int pretty)
+{
+	jw_array_begin(&arr2, pretty);
+	{
+		jw_array_intmax(&arr2, -1);
+		jw_array_intmax(&arr2, 0x7fffffff);
+		jw_array_intmax(&arr2, 0);
+	}
+	jw_end(&arr2);
+}
+
+static void make_arr3(int pretty)
+{
+	jw_array_begin(&arr3, pretty);
+	{
+		jw_array_intmax(&arr3, 0);
+		jw_array_intmax(&arr3, 0xffffffff);
+		jw_array_intmax(&arr3, 0x7fffffffffffffffULL);
+	}
+	jw_end(&arr3);
+}
+
+static void make_arr4(int pretty)
+{
+	jw_array_begin(&arr4, pretty);
+	{
+		jw_array_true(&arr4);
+		jw_array_false(&arr4);
+		jw_array_null(&arr4);
+	}
+	jw_end(&arr4);
+}
+
+static char *expect_nest1 =
+	"{\"obj1\":{\"a\":\"abc\",\"b\":42,\"c\":true},\"arr1\":[\"abc\",42,true]}";
+
+static struct json_writer nest1 = JSON_WRITER_INIT;
+
+static void make_nest1(int pretty)
+{
+	jw_object_begin(&nest1, pretty);
+	{
+		jw_object_sub_jw(&nest1, "obj1", &obj1);
+		jw_object_sub_jw(&nest1, "arr1", &arr1);
+	}
+	jw_end(&nest1);
+}
+
+static char *expect_inline1 =
+	"{\"obj1\":{\"a\":\"abc\",\"b\":42,\"c\":true},\"arr1\":[\"abc\",42,true]}";
+
+static char *pretty_inline1 =
+	("{\n"
+	 "  \"obj1\": {\n"
+	 "    \"a\": \"abc\",\n"
+	 "    \"b\": 42,\n"
+	 "    \"c\": true\n"
+	 "  },\n"
+	 "  \"arr1\": [\n"
+	 "    \"abc\",\n"
+	 "    42,\n"
+	 "    true\n"
+	 "  ]\n"
+	 "}");
+
+static struct json_writer inline1 = JSON_WRITER_INIT;
+
+static void make_inline1(int pretty)
+{
+	jw_object_begin(&inline1, pretty);
+	{
+		jw_object_inline_begin_object(&inline1, "obj1");
+		{
+			jw_object_string(&inline1, "a", "abc");
+			jw_object_intmax(&inline1, "b", 42);
+			jw_object_true(&inline1, "c");
+		}
+		jw_end(&inline1);
+		jw_object_inline_begin_array(&inline1, "arr1");
+		{
+			jw_array_string(&inline1, "abc");
+			jw_array_intmax(&inline1, 42);
+			jw_array_true(&inline1);
+		}
+		jw_end(&inline1);
+	}
+	jw_end(&inline1);
+}
+
+static char *expect_inline2 =
+	"[[1,2],[3,4],{\"a\":\"abc\"}]";
+
+static char *pretty_inline2 =
+	("[\n"
+	 "  [\n"
+	 "    1,\n"
+	 "    2\n"
+	 "  ],\n"
+	 "  [\n"
+	 "    3,\n"
+	 "    4\n"
+	 "  ],\n"
+	 "  {\n"
+	 "    \"a\": \"abc\"\n"
+	 "  }\n"
+	 "]");
+
+static struct json_writer inline2 = JSON_WRITER_INIT;
+
+static void make_inline2(int pretty)
+{
+	jw_array_begin(&inline2, pretty);
+	{
+		jw_array_inline_begin_array(&inline2);
+		{
+			jw_array_intmax(&inline2, 1);
+			jw_array_intmax(&inline2, 2);
+		}
+		jw_end(&inline2);
+		jw_array_inline_begin_array(&inline2);
+		{
+			jw_array_intmax(&inline2, 3);
+			jw_array_intmax(&inline2, 4);
+		}
+		jw_end(&inline2);
+		jw_array_inline_begin_object(&inline2);
+		{
+			jw_object_string(&inline2, "a", "abc");
+		}
+		jw_end(&inline2);
+	}
+	jw_end(&inline2);
+}
+
+/*
+ * When super is compact, we expect subs to be compacted (even if originally
+ * pretty).
+ */
+static const char *expect_mixed1 =
+	("{\"obj1\":{\"a\":\"abc\",\"b\":42,\"c\":true},"
+	 "\"arr1\":[\"abc\",42,true]}");
+
+/*
+ * When super is pretty, a compact sub (obj1) is kept compact and a pretty
+ * sub (arr1) is re-indented.
+ */
+static const char *pretty_mixed1 =
+	("{\n"
+	 "  \"obj1\": {\"a\":\"abc\",\"b\":42,\"c\":true},\n"
+	 "  \"arr1\": [\n"
+	 "    \"abc\",\n"
+	 "    42,\n"
+	 "    true\n"
+	 "  ]\n"
+	 "}");
+
+static struct json_writer mixed1 = JSON_WRITER_INIT;
+
+static void make_mixed1(int pretty)
+{
+	jw_init(&obj1);
+	jw_init(&arr1);
+
+	make_obj1(0); /* obj1 is compact */
+	make_arr1(1); /* arr1 is pretty */
+
+	jw_object_begin(&mixed1, pretty);
+	{
+		jw_object_sub_jw(&mixed1, "obj1", &obj1);
+		jw_object_sub_jw(&mixed1, "arr1", &arr1);
+	}
+	jw_end(&mixed1);
+}
+
+static void cmp(const char *test, const struct json_writer *jw, const char *exp)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(jw->json.buf, exp))
+		return;
+
+	printf("error[%s]: observed '%s' expected '%s'\n",
+	       test, jw->json.buf, exp);
+	exit(1);
+}
+
+#define t(v) do { make_##v(0); cmp(#v, &v, expect_##v); } while (0)
+#define p(v) do { make_##v(1); cmp(#v, &v, pretty_##v); } while (0)
+
+/*
+ * Run some basic regression tests with some known patterns.
+ * These tests also demonstrate how to use the jw_ API.
+ */
+static int unit_tests(void)
+{
+	/* comptact (canonical) forms */
+	t(obj1);
+	t(obj2);
+	t(obj3);
+	t(obj4);
+	t(obj5);
+	t(obj6);
+
+	t(arr1);
+	t(arr2);
+	t(arr3);
+	t(arr4);
+
+	t(nest1);
+
+	t(inline1);
+	t(inline2);
+
+	jw_init(&obj1);
+	jw_init(&obj2);
+	jw_init(&obj3);
+	jw_init(&obj4);
+
+	jw_init(&arr1);
+	jw_init(&arr2);
+	jw_init(&arr3);
+	jw_init(&arr4);
+
+	jw_init(&inline1);
+	jw_init(&inline2);
+
+	/* pretty forms */
+	p(obj1);
+	p(obj2);
+	p(obj3);
+	p(obj4);
+
+	p(arr1);
+	p(arr2);
+	p(arr3);
+	p(arr4);
+
+	p(inline1);
+	p(inline2);
+
+	/* mixed forms */
+	t(mixed1);
+	jw_init(&mixed1);
+	p(mixed1);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void get_s(int line_nr, char **s_in)
+{
+	*s_in = strtok(NULL, " ");
+	if (!*s_in)
+		die("line[%d]: expected: <s>", line_nr);
+}
+
+static void get_i(int line_nr, intmax_t *s_in)
+{
+	char *s;
+	char *endptr;
+
+	get_s(line_nr, &s);
+
+	*s_in = strtol(s, &endptr, 10);
+	if (*endptr || errno == ERANGE)
+		die("line[%d]: invalid integer value", line_nr);
+}
+
+static void get_d(int line_nr, double *s_in)
+{
+	char *s;
+	char *endptr;
+
+	get_s(line_nr, &s);
+
+	*s_in = strtod(s, &endptr);
+	if (*endptr || errno == ERANGE)
+		die("line[%d]: invalid float value", line_nr);
+}
+
+static int pretty;
+
+#define MAX_LINE_LENGTH (64 * 1024)
+
+static char *get_trimmed_line(char *buf, int buf_size)
+{
+	int len;
+
+	if (!fgets(buf, buf_size, stdin))
+		return NULL;
+
+	len = strlen(buf);
+	while (len > 0) {
+		char c = buf[len - 1];
+		if (c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == ' ' || c == '\t')
+			buf[--len] = 0;
+		else
+			break;
+	}
+
+	while (*buf == ' ' || *buf == '\t')
+		buf++;
+
+	return buf;
+}
+
+static int scripted(void)
+{
+	struct json_writer jw = JSON_WRITER_INIT;
+	char buf[MAX_LINE_LENGTH];
+	char *line;
+	int line_nr = 0;
+
+	line = get_trimmed_line(buf, MAX_LINE_LENGTH);
+	if (!line)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!strcmp(line, "object"))
+		jw_object_begin(&jw, pretty);
+	else if (!strcmp(line, "array"))
+		jw_array_begin(&jw, pretty);
+	else
+		die("expected first line to be 'object' or 'array'");
+
+	while ((line = get_trimmed_line(buf, MAX_LINE_LENGTH)) != NULL) {
+		char *verb;
+		char *key;
+		char *s_value;
+		intmax_t i_value;
+		double d_value;
+
+		line_nr++;
+
+		verb = strtok(line, " ");
+
+		if (!strcmp(verb, "end")) {
+			jw_end(&jw);
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(verb, "object-string")) {
+			get_s(line_nr, &key);
+			get_s(line_nr, &s_value);
+			jw_object_string(&jw, key, s_value);
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(verb, "object-int")) {
+			get_s(line_nr, &key);
+			get_i(line_nr, &i_value);
+			jw_object_intmax(&jw, key, i_value);
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(verb, "object-double")) {
+			get_s(line_nr, &key);
+			get_i(line_nr, &i_value);
+			get_d(line_nr, &d_value);
+			jw_object_double(&jw, key, i_value, d_value);
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(verb, "object-true")) {
+			get_s(line_nr, &key);
+			jw_object_true(&jw, key);
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(verb, "object-false")) {
+			get_s(line_nr, &key);
+			jw_object_false(&jw, key);
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(verb, "object-null")) {
+			get_s(line_nr, &key);
+			jw_object_null(&jw, key);
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(verb, "object-object")) {
+			get_s(line_nr, &key);
+			jw_object_inline_begin_object(&jw, key);
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(verb, "object-array")) {
+			get_s(line_nr, &key);
+			jw_object_inline_begin_array(&jw, key);
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(verb, "array-string")) {
+			get_s(line_nr, &s_value);
+			jw_array_string(&jw, s_value);
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(verb, "array-int")) {
+			get_i(line_nr, &i_value);
+			jw_array_intmax(&jw, i_value);
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(verb, "array-double")) {
+			get_i(line_nr, &i_value);
+			get_d(line_nr, &d_value);
+			jw_array_double(&jw, i_value, d_value);
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(verb, "array-true"))
+			jw_array_true(&jw);
+		else if (!strcmp(verb, "array-false"))
+			jw_array_false(&jw);
+		else if (!strcmp(verb, "array-null"))
+			jw_array_null(&jw);
+		else if (!strcmp(verb, "array-object"))
+			jw_array_inline_begin_object(&jw);
+		else if (!strcmp(verb, "array-array"))
+			jw_array_inline_begin_array(&jw);
+		else
+			die("unrecognized token: '%s'", verb);
+	}
+
+	if (!jw_is_terminated(&jw))
+		die("json not terminated: '%s'", jw.json.buf);
+
+	printf("%s\n", jw.json.buf);
+
+	strbuf_release(&jw.json);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int cmd__json_writer(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	argc--; /* skip over "json-writer" arg */
+	argv++;
+
+	if (argc > 0 && argv[0][0] == '-') {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[0], "-u") || !strcmp(argv[0], "--unit"))
+			return unit_tests();
+
+		if (!strcmp(argv[0], "-p") || !strcmp(argv[0], "--pretty"))
+			pretty = 1;
+	}
+
+	return scripted();
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-lazy-init-name-hash.c b/t/helper/test-lazy-init-name-hash.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b99a37080d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-lazy-init-name-hash.c
@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+static int single;
+static int multi;
+static int count = 1;
+static int dump;
+static int perf;
+static int analyze;
+static int analyze_step;
+
+/*
+ * Dump the contents of the "dir" and "name" hash tables to stdout.
+ * If you sort the result, you can compare it with the other type
+ * mode and verify that both single and multi produce the same set.
+ */
+static void dump_run(void)
+{
+	struct hashmap_iter iter_dir;
+	struct hashmap_iter iter_cache;
+
+	/* Stolen from name-hash.c */
+	struct dir_entry {
+		struct hashmap_entry ent;
+		struct dir_entry *parent;
+		int nr;
+		unsigned int namelen;
+		char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
+	};
+
+	struct dir_entry *dir;
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+
+	read_cache();
+	if (single) {
+		test_lazy_init_name_hash(&the_index, 0);
+	} else {
+		int nr_threads_used = test_lazy_init_name_hash(&the_index, 1);
+		if (!nr_threads_used)
+			die("non-threaded code path used");
+	}
+
+	dir = hashmap_iter_first(&the_index.dir_hash, &iter_dir);
+	while (dir) {
+		printf("dir %08x %7d %s\n", dir->ent.hash, dir->nr, dir->name);
+		dir = hashmap_iter_next(&iter_dir);
+	}
+
+	ce = hashmap_iter_first(&the_index.name_hash, &iter_cache);
+	while (ce) {
+		printf("name %08x %s\n", ce->ent.hash, ce->name);
+		ce = hashmap_iter_next(&iter_cache);
+	}
+
+	discard_cache();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Run the single or multi threaded version "count" times and
+ * report on the time taken.
+ */
+static uint64_t time_runs(int try_threaded)
+{
+	uint64_t t0, t1, t2;
+	uint64_t sum = 0;
+	uint64_t avg;
+	int nr_threads_used;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+		t0 = getnanotime();
+		read_cache();
+		t1 = getnanotime();
+		nr_threads_used = test_lazy_init_name_hash(&the_index, try_threaded);
+		t2 = getnanotime();
+
+		sum += (t2 - t1);
+
+		if (try_threaded && !nr_threads_used)
+			die("non-threaded code path used");
+
+		if (nr_threads_used)
+			printf("%f %f %d multi %d\n",
+				   ((double)(t1 - t0))/1000000000,
+				   ((double)(t2 - t1))/1000000000,
+				   the_index.cache_nr,
+				   nr_threads_used);
+		else
+			printf("%f %f %d single\n",
+				   ((double)(t1 - t0))/1000000000,
+				   ((double)(t2 - t1))/1000000000,
+				   the_index.cache_nr);
+		fflush(stdout);
+
+		discard_cache();
+	}
+
+	avg = sum / count;
+	if (count > 1)
+		printf("avg %f %s\n",
+			   (double)avg/1000000000,
+			   (try_threaded) ? "multi" : "single");
+
+	return avg;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Try a series of runs varying the "istate->cache_nr" and
+ * try to find a good value for the multi-threaded criteria.
+ */
+static void analyze_run(void)
+{
+	uint64_t t1s, t1m, t2s, t2m;
+	int cache_nr_limit;
+	int nr_threads_used = 0;
+	int i;
+	int nr;
+
+	read_cache();
+	cache_nr_limit = the_index.cache_nr;
+	discard_cache();
+
+	nr = analyze;
+	while (1) {
+		uint64_t sum_single = 0;
+		uint64_t sum_multi = 0;
+		uint64_t avg_single;
+		uint64_t avg_multi;
+
+		if (nr > cache_nr_limit)
+			nr = cache_nr_limit;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+			read_cache();
+			the_index.cache_nr = nr; /* cheap truncate of index */
+			t1s = getnanotime();
+			test_lazy_init_name_hash(&the_index, 0);
+			t2s = getnanotime();
+			sum_single += (t2s - t1s);
+			the_index.cache_nr = cache_nr_limit;
+			discard_cache();
+
+			read_cache();
+			the_index.cache_nr = nr; /* cheap truncate of index */
+			t1m = getnanotime();
+			nr_threads_used = test_lazy_init_name_hash(&the_index, 1);
+			t2m = getnanotime();
+			sum_multi += (t2m - t1m);
+			the_index.cache_nr = cache_nr_limit;
+			discard_cache();
+
+			if (!nr_threads_used)
+				printf("    [size %8d] [single %f]   non-threaded code path used\n",
+					   nr, ((double)(t2s - t1s))/1000000000);
+			else
+				printf("    [size %8d] [single %f] %c [multi %f %d]\n",
+					   nr,
+					   ((double)(t2s - t1s))/1000000000,
+					   (((t2s - t1s) < (t2m - t1m)) ? '<' : '>'),
+					   ((double)(t2m - t1m))/1000000000,
+					   nr_threads_used);
+			fflush(stdout);
+		}
+		if (count > 1) {
+			avg_single = sum_single / count;
+			avg_multi = sum_multi / count;
+			if (!nr_threads_used)
+				printf("avg [size %8d] [single %f]\n",
+					   nr,
+					   (double)avg_single/1000000000);
+			else
+				printf("avg [size %8d] [single %f] %c [multi %f %d]\n",
+					   nr,
+					   (double)avg_single/1000000000,
+					   (avg_single < avg_multi ? '<' : '>'),
+					   (double)avg_multi/1000000000,
+					   nr_threads_used);
+			fflush(stdout);
+		}
+
+		if (nr >= cache_nr_limit)
+			return;
+		nr += analyze_step;
+	}
+}
+
+int cmd__lazy_init_name_hash(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *usage[] = {
+		"test-tool lazy-init-name-hash -d (-s | -m)",
+		"test-tool lazy-init-name-hash -p [-c c]",
+		"test-tool lazy-init-name-hash -a a [--step s] [-c c]",
+		"test-tool lazy-init-name-hash (-s | -m) [-c c]",
+		"test-tool lazy-init-name-hash -s -m [-c c]",
+		NULL
+	};
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOL('s', "single", &single, "run single-threaded code"),
+		OPT_BOOL('m', "multi", &multi, "run multi-threaded code"),
+		OPT_INTEGER('c', "count", &count, "number of passes"),
+		OPT_BOOL('d', "dump", &dump, "dump hash tables"),
+		OPT_BOOL('p', "perf", &perf, "compare single vs multi"),
+		OPT_INTEGER('a', "analyze", &analyze, "analyze different multi sizes"),
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "step", &analyze_step, "analyze step factor"),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+	const char *prefix;
+	uint64_t avg_single, avg_multi;
+
+	prefix = setup_git_directory();
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, usage, 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * istate->dir_hash is only created when ignore_case is set.
+	 */
+	ignore_case = 1;
+
+	if (dump) {
+		if (perf || analyze > 0)
+			die("cannot combine dump, perf, or analyze");
+		if (count > 1)
+			die("count not valid with dump");
+		if (single && multi)
+			die("cannot use both single and multi with dump");
+		if (!single && !multi)
+			die("dump requires either single or multi");
+		dump_run();
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (perf) {
+		if (analyze > 0)
+			die("cannot combine dump, perf, or analyze");
+		if (single || multi)
+			die("cannot use single or multi with perf");
+		avg_single = time_runs(0);
+		avg_multi = time_runs(1);
+		if (avg_multi > avg_single)
+			die("multi is slower");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (analyze) {
+		if (analyze < 500)
+			die("analyze must be at least 500");
+		if (!analyze_step)
+			analyze_step = analyze;
+		if (single || multi)
+			die("cannot use single or multi with analyze");
+		analyze_run();
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!single && !multi)
+		die("require either -s or -m or both");
+
+	if (single)
+		time_runs(0);
+	if (multi)
+		time_runs(1);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/test-line-buffer.c b/t/helper/test-line-buffer.c
index 1e58f0476f..078dd7e29d 100644
--- a/test-line-buffer.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-line-buffer.c
@@ -17,27 +17,17 @@ static uint32_t strtouint32(const char *s)
 
 static void handle_command(const char *command, const char *arg, struct line_buffer *buf)
 {
-	switch (*command) {
-	case 'b':
-		if (starts_with(command, "binary ")) {
-			struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-			strbuf_addch(&sb, '>');
-			buffer_read_binary(buf, &sb, strtouint32(arg));
-			fwrite(sb.buf, 1, sb.len, stdout);
-			strbuf_release(&sb);
-			return;
-		}
-	case 'c':
-		if (starts_with(command, "copy ")) {
-			buffer_copy_bytes(buf, strtouint32(arg));
-			return;
-		}
-	case 's':
-		if (starts_with(command, "skip ")) {
-			buffer_skip_bytes(buf, strtouint32(arg));
-			return;
-		}
-	default:
+	if (starts_with(command, "binary ")) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addch(&sb, '>');
+		buffer_read_binary(buf, &sb, strtouint32(arg));
+		fwrite(sb.buf, 1, sb.len, stdout);
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+	} else if (starts_with(command, "copy ")) {
+		buffer_copy_bytes(buf, strtouint32(arg));
+	} else if (starts_with(command, "skip ")) {
+		buffer_skip_bytes(buf, strtouint32(arg));
+	} else {
 		die("unrecognized command: %s", command);
 	}
 }
@@ -50,7 +40,7 @@ static void handle_line(const char *line, struct line_buffer *stdin_buf)
 	handle_command(line, arg + 1, stdin_buf);
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	struct line_buffer stdin_buf = LINE_BUFFER_INIT;
 	struct line_buffer file_buf = LINE_BUFFER_INIT;
diff --git a/t/helper/test-match-trees.c b/t/helper/test-match-trees.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..96857f26ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-match-trees.c
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+
+int cmd__match_trees(int ac, const char **av)
+{
+	struct object_id hash1, hash2, shifted;
+	struct tree *one, *two;
+
+	setup_git_directory();
+
+	if (get_oid(av[1], &hash1))
+		die("cannot parse %s as an object name", av[1]);
+	if (get_oid(av[2], &hash2))
+		die("cannot parse %s as an object name", av[2]);
+	one = parse_tree_indirect(&hash1);
+	if (!one)
+		die("not a tree-ish %s", av[1]);
+	two = parse_tree_indirect(&hash2);
+	if (!two)
+		die("not a tree-ish %s", av[2]);
+
+	shift_tree(&one->object.oid, &two->object.oid, &shifted, -1);
+	printf("shifted: %s\n", oid_to_hex(&shifted));
+
+	exit(0);
+}
diff --git a/test-mergesort.c b/t/helper/test-mergesort.c
index ea3b959e94..c5cffaa4b7 100644
--- a/test-mergesort.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-mergesort.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "mergesort.h"
 
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ static int compare_strings(const void *a, const void *b)
 	return strcmp(x->text, y->text);
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd__mergesort(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	struct line *line, *p = NULL, *lines = NULL;
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
diff --git a/test-mktemp.c b/t/helper/test-mktemp.c
index c8c54213a3..2290688940 100644
--- a/test-mktemp.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-mktemp.c
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 /*
  * test-mktemp.c: code to exercise the creation of temporary files
  */
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 
-int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+int cmd__mktemp(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	if (argc != 2)
 		usage("Expected 1 parameter defining the temporary file template");
diff --git a/t/helper/test-online-cpus.c b/t/helper/test-online-cpus.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8cb0d53840
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-online-cpus.c
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "thread-utils.h"
+
+int cmd__online_cpus(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	printf("%d\n", online_cpus());
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-parse-options.c b/t/helper/test-parse-options.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..630c76d127
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-parse-options.c
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+static int boolean = 0;
+static int integer = 0;
+static unsigned long magnitude = 0;
+static timestamp_t timestamp;
+static int abbrev = 7;
+static int verbose = -1; /* unspecified */
+static int dry_run = 0, quiet = 0;
+static char *string = NULL;
+static char *file = NULL;
+static int ambiguous;
+static struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+
+static struct {
+	int called;
+	const char *arg;
+	int unset;
+} length_cb;
+
+static int length_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	length_cb.called = 1;
+	length_cb.arg = arg;
+	length_cb.unset = unset;
+
+	if (unset)
+		return 1; /* do not support unset */
+
+	*(int *)opt->value = strlen(arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int number_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	*(int *)opt->value = strtol(arg, NULL, 10);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int collect_expect(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct string_list *expect;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	struct strbuf label = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *colon;
+
+	if (!arg || unset)
+		die("malformed --expect option");
+
+	expect = (struct string_list *)opt->value;
+	colon = strchr(arg, ':');
+	if (!colon)
+		die("malformed --expect option, lacking a colon");
+	strbuf_add(&label, arg, colon - arg);
+	item = string_list_insert(expect, strbuf_detach(&label, NULL));
+	if (item->util)
+		die("malformed --expect option, duplicate %s", label.buf);
+	item->util = (void *)arg;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+__attribute__((format (printf,3,4)))
+static void show(struct string_list *expect, int *status, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	va_list args;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	strbuf_vaddf(&buf, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+
+	if (!expect->nr)
+		printf("%s\n", buf.buf);
+	else {
+		char *colon = strchr(buf.buf, ':');
+		if (!colon)
+			die("malformed output format, output lacking colon: %s", fmt);
+		*colon = '\0';
+		item = string_list_lookup(expect, buf.buf);
+		*colon = ':';
+		if (!item)
+			; /* not among entries being checked */
+		else {
+			if (strcmp((const char *)item->util, buf.buf)) {
+				printf("-%s\n", (char *)item->util);
+				printf("+%s\n", buf.buf);
+				*status = 1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *prefix = "prefix/";
+	const char *usage[] = {
+		"test-parse-options <options>",
+		"",
+		"A helper function for the parse-options API.",
+		NULL
+	};
+	struct string_list expect = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "yes", &boolean, "get a boolean"),
+		OPT_BOOL('D', "no-doubt", &boolean, "begins with 'no-'"),
+		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 'B', "no-fear", &boolean, NULL,
+		  "be brave", PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, 1 },
+		OPT_COUNTUP('b', "boolean", &boolean, "increment by one"),
+		OPT_BIT('4', "or4", &boolean,
+			"bitwise-or boolean with ...0100", 4),
+		OPT_NEGBIT(0, "neg-or4", &boolean, "same as --no-or4", 4),
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+		OPT_INTEGER('i', "integer", &integer, "get a integer"),
+		OPT_INTEGER('j', NULL, &integer, "get a integer, too"),
+		OPT_MAGNITUDE('m', "magnitude", &magnitude, "get a magnitude"),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "set23", &integer, "set integer to 23", 23),
+		OPT_DATE('t', NULL, &timestamp, "get timestamp of <time>"),
+		OPT_CALLBACK('L', "length", &integer, "str",
+			"get length of <str>", length_callback),
+		OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &file, "set file to <file>"),
+		OPT_GROUP("String options"),
+		OPT_STRING('s', "string", &string, "string", "get a string"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "string2", &string, "str", "get another string"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "st", &string, "st", "get another string (pervert ordering)"),
+		OPT_STRING('o', NULL, &string, "str", "get another string"),
+		OPT_NOOP_NOARG(0, "obsolete"),
+		OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "list", &list, "str", "add str to list"),
+		OPT_GROUP("Magic arguments"),
+		OPT_ARGUMENT("quux", "means --quux"),
+		OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK(&integer, "set integer to NUM",
+			number_callback),
+		{ OPTION_COUNTUP, '+', NULL, &boolean, NULL, "same as -b",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NODASH },
+		{ OPTION_COUNTUP, 0, "ambiguous", &ambiguous, NULL,
+		  "positive ambiguity", PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG },
+		{ OPTION_COUNTUP, 0, "no-ambiguous", &ambiguous, NULL,
+		  "negative ambiguity", PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG },
+		OPT_GROUP("Standard options"),
+		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "be verbose"),
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&dry_run, "dry run"),
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, "be quiet"),
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "expect", &expect, "string",
+			     "expected output in the variable dump",
+			     collect_expect),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+	int i;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, (const char **)argv, prefix, options, usage, 0);
+
+	if (length_cb.called) {
+		const char *arg = length_cb.arg;
+		int unset = length_cb.unset;
+		show(&expect, &ret, "Callback: \"%s\", %d",
+		     (arg ? arg : "not set"), unset);
+	}
+	show(&expect, &ret, "boolean: %d", boolean);
+	show(&expect, &ret, "integer: %d", integer);
+	show(&expect, &ret, "magnitude: %lu", magnitude);
+	show(&expect, &ret, "timestamp: %"PRItime, timestamp);
+	show(&expect, &ret, "string: %s", string ? string : "(not set)");
+	show(&expect, &ret, "abbrev: %d", abbrev);
+	show(&expect, &ret, "verbose: %d", verbose);
+	show(&expect, &ret, "quiet: %d", quiet);
+	show(&expect, &ret, "dry run: %s", dry_run ? "yes" : "no");
+	show(&expect, &ret, "file: %s", file ? file : "(not set)");
+
+	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
+		show(&expect, &ret, "list: %s", list.items[i].string);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
+		show(&expect, &ret, "arg %02d: %s", i, argv[i]);
+
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-path-utils.c b/t/helper/test-path-utils.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae091d9b3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-path-utils.c
@@ -0,0 +1,297 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+
+/*
+ * A "string_list_each_func_t" function that normalizes an entry from
+ * GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES.  If the path is unusable for some reason,
+ * die with an explanation.
+ */
+static int normalize_ceiling_entry(struct string_list_item *item, void *unused)
+{
+	char *ceil = item->string;
+
+	if (!*ceil)
+		die("Empty path is not supported");
+	if (!is_absolute_path(ceil))
+		die("Path \"%s\" is not absolute", ceil);
+	if (normalize_path_copy(ceil, ceil) < 0)
+		die("Path \"%s\" could not be normalized", ceil);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void normalize_argv_string(const char **var, const char *input)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(input, "<null>"))
+		*var = NULL;
+	else if (!strcmp(input, "<empty>"))
+		*var = "";
+	else
+		*var = input;
+
+	if (*var && (**var == '<' || **var == '('))
+		die("Bad value: %s\n", input);
+}
+
+struct test_data {
+	const char *from;  /* input:  transform from this ... */
+	const char *to;    /* output: ... to this.            */
+	const char *alternative; /* output: ... or this.      */
+};
+
+/*
+ * Compatibility wrappers for OpenBSD, whose basename(3) and dirname(3)
+ * have const parameters.
+ */
+static char *posix_basename(char *path)
+{
+	return basename(path);
+}
+
+static char *posix_dirname(char *path)
+{
+	return dirname(path);
+}
+
+static int test_function(struct test_data *data, char *(*func)(char *input),
+	const char *funcname)
+{
+	int failed = 0, i;
+	char buffer[1024];
+	char *to;
+
+	for (i = 0; data[i].to; i++) {
+		if (!data[i].from)
+			to = func(NULL);
+		else {
+			xsnprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%s", data[i].from);
+			to = func(buffer);
+		}
+		if (!strcmp(to, data[i].to))
+			continue;
+		if (!data[i].alternative)
+			error("FAIL: %s(%s) => '%s' != '%s'\n",
+				funcname, data[i].from, to, data[i].to);
+		else if (!strcmp(to, data[i].alternative))
+			continue;
+		else
+			error("FAIL: %s(%s) => '%s' != '%s', '%s'\n",
+				funcname, data[i].from, to, data[i].to,
+				data[i].alternative);
+		failed = 1;
+	}
+	return failed;
+}
+
+static struct test_data basename_data[] = {
+	/* --- POSIX type paths --- */
+	{ NULL,              "."    },
+	{ "",                "."    },
+	{ ".",               "."    },
+	{ "..",              ".."   },
+	{ "/",               "/"    },
+	{ "//",              "/", "//" },
+	{ "///",             "/", "//" },
+	{ "////",            "/", "//" },
+	{ "usr",             "usr"  },
+	{ "/usr",            "usr"  },
+	{ "/usr/",           "usr"  },
+	{ "/usr//",          "usr"  },
+	{ "/usr/lib",        "lib"  },
+	{ "usr/lib",         "lib"  },
+	{ "usr/lib///",      "lib"  },
+
+#if defined(__MINGW32__) || defined(_MSC_VER)
+	/* --- win32 type paths --- */
+	{ "\\usr",           "usr"  },
+	{ "\\usr\\",         "usr"  },
+	{ "\\usr\\\\",       "usr"  },
+	{ "\\usr\\lib",      "lib"  },
+	{ "usr\\lib",        "lib"  },
+	{ "usr\\lib\\\\\\",  "lib"  },
+	{ "C:/usr",          "usr"  },
+	{ "C:/usr",          "usr"  },
+	{ "C:/usr/",         "usr"  },
+	{ "C:/usr//",        "usr"  },
+	{ "C:/usr/lib",      "lib"  },
+	{ "C:usr/lib",       "lib"  },
+	{ "C:usr/lib///",    "lib"  },
+	{ "C:",              "."    },
+	{ "C:a",             "a"    },
+	{ "C:/",             "/"    },
+	{ "C:///",           "/"    },
+	{ "\\",              "\\", "/" },
+	{ "\\\\",            "\\", "/" },
+	{ "\\\\\\",          "\\", "/" },
+#endif
+	{ NULL,              NULL   }
+};
+
+static struct test_data dirname_data[] = {
+	/* --- POSIX type paths --- */
+	{ NULL,              "."      },
+	{ "",                "."      },
+	{ ".",               "."      },
+	{ "..",              "."      },
+	{ "/",               "/"      },
+	{ "//",              "/", "//" },
+	{ "///",             "/", "//" },
+	{ "////",            "/", "//" },
+	{ "usr",             "."      },
+	{ "/usr",            "/"      },
+	{ "/usr/",           "/"      },
+	{ "/usr//",          "/"      },
+	{ "/usr/lib",        "/usr"   },
+	{ "usr/lib",         "usr"    },
+	{ "usr/lib///",      "usr"    },
+
+#if defined(__MINGW32__) || defined(_MSC_VER)
+	/* --- win32 type paths --- */
+	{ "\\",              "\\"     },
+	{ "\\\\",            "\\\\"   },
+	{ "\\usr",           "\\"     },
+	{ "\\usr\\",         "\\"     },
+	{ "\\usr\\\\",       "\\"     },
+	{ "\\usr\\lib",      "\\usr"  },
+	{ "usr\\lib",        "usr"    },
+	{ "usr\\lib\\\\\\",  "usr"    },
+	{ "C:a",             "C:."    },
+	{ "C:/",             "C:/"    },
+	{ "C:///",           "C:/"    },
+	{ "C:/usr",          "C:/"    },
+	{ "C:/usr/",         "C:/"    },
+	{ "C:/usr//",        "C:/"    },
+	{ "C:/usr/lib",      "C:/usr" },
+	{ "C:usr/lib",       "C:usr"  },
+	{ "C:usr/lib///",    "C:usr"  },
+	{ "\\\\\\",          "\\"     },
+	{ "\\\\\\\\",        "\\"     },
+	{ "C:",              "C:.", "." },
+#endif
+	{ NULL,              NULL     }
+};
+
+static int is_dotgitmodules(const char *path)
+{
+	return is_hfs_dotgitmodules(path) || is_ntfs_dotgitmodules(path);
+}
+
+int cmd__path_utils(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	if (argc == 3 && !strcmp(argv[1], "normalize_path_copy")) {
+		char *buf = xmallocz(strlen(argv[2]));
+		int rv = normalize_path_copy(buf, argv[2]);
+		if (rv)
+			buf = "++failed++";
+		puts(buf);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (argc >= 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "real_path")) {
+		while (argc > 2) {
+			puts(real_path(argv[2]));
+			argc--;
+			argv++;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (argc >= 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "absolute_path")) {
+		while (argc > 2) {
+			puts(absolute_path(argv[2]));
+			argc--;
+			argv++;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (argc == 4 && !strcmp(argv[1], "longest_ancestor_length")) {
+		int len;
+		struct string_list ceiling_dirs = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+		char *path = xstrdup(argv[2]);
+
+		/*
+		 * We have to normalize the arguments because under
+		 * Windows, bash mangles arguments that look like
+		 * absolute POSIX paths or colon-separate lists of
+		 * absolute POSIX paths into DOS paths (e.g.,
+		 * "/foo:/foo/bar" might be converted to
+		 * "D:\Src\msysgit\foo;D:\Src\msysgit\foo\bar"),
+		 * whereas longest_ancestor_length() requires paths
+		 * that use forward slashes.
+		 */
+		if (normalize_path_copy(path, path))
+			die("Path \"%s\" could not be normalized", argv[2]);
+		string_list_split(&ceiling_dirs, argv[3], PATH_SEP, -1);
+		filter_string_list(&ceiling_dirs, 0,
+				   normalize_ceiling_entry, NULL);
+		len = longest_ancestor_length(path, &ceiling_dirs);
+		string_list_clear(&ceiling_dirs, 0);
+		free(path);
+		printf("%d\n", len);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (argc >= 4 && !strcmp(argv[1], "prefix_path")) {
+		const char *prefix = argv[2];
+		int prefix_len = strlen(prefix);
+		int nongit_ok;
+		setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit_ok);
+		while (argc > 3) {
+			puts(prefix_path(prefix, prefix_len, argv[3]));
+			argc--;
+			argv++;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (argc == 4 && !strcmp(argv[1], "strip_path_suffix")) {
+		char *prefix = strip_path_suffix(argv[2], argv[3]);
+		printf("%s\n", prefix ? prefix : "(null)");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (argc == 3 && !strcmp(argv[1], "print_path")) {
+		puts(argv[2]);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (argc == 4 && !strcmp(argv[1], "relative_path")) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+		const char *in, *prefix, *rel;
+		normalize_argv_string(&in, argv[2]);
+		normalize_argv_string(&prefix, argv[3]);
+		rel = relative_path(in, prefix, &sb);
+		if (!rel)
+			puts("(null)");
+		else
+			puts(strlen(rel) > 0 ? rel : "(empty)");
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "basename"))
+		return test_function(basename_data, posix_basename, argv[1]);
+
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "dirname"))
+		return test_function(dirname_data, posix_dirname, argv[1]);
+
+	if (argc > 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "is_dotgitmodules")) {
+		int res = 0, expect = 1, i;
+		for (i = 2; i < argc; i++)
+			if (!strcmp("--not", argv[i]))
+				expect = !expect;
+			else if (expect != is_dotgitmodules(argv[i]))
+				res = error("'%s' is %s.gitmodules", argv[i],
+					    expect ? "not " : "");
+			else
+				fprintf(stderr, "ok: '%s' is %s.gitmodules\n",
+					argv[i], expect ? "" : "not ");
+		return !!res;
+	}
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown function name: %s\n", argv[0],
+		argv[1] ? argv[1] : "(there was none)");
+	return 1;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-pkt-line.c b/t/helper/test-pkt-line.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..30775f986f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-pkt-line.c
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "pkt-line.h"
+
+static void pack_line(const char *line)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(line, "0000") || !strcmp(line, "0000\n"))
+		packet_flush(1);
+	else if (!strcmp(line, "0001") || !strcmp(line, "0001\n"))
+		packet_delim(1);
+	else
+		packet_write_fmt(1, "%s", line);
+}
+
+static void pack(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	if (argc) { /* read from argv */
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
+			pack_line(argv[i]);
+	} else { /* read from stdin */
+		char line[LARGE_PACKET_MAX];
+		while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin)) {
+			pack_line(line);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void unpack(void)
+{
+	struct packet_reader reader;
+	packet_reader_init(&reader, 0, NULL, 0,
+			   PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF |
+			   PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE);
+
+	while (packet_reader_read(&reader) != PACKET_READ_EOF) {
+		switch (reader.status) {
+		case PACKET_READ_EOF:
+			break;
+		case PACKET_READ_NORMAL:
+			printf("%s\n", reader.line);
+			break;
+		case PACKET_READ_FLUSH:
+			printf("0000\n");
+			break;
+		case PACKET_READ_DELIM:
+			printf("0001\n");
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void unpack_sideband(void)
+{
+	struct packet_reader reader;
+	packet_reader_init(&reader, 0, NULL, 0,
+			   PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF |
+			   PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE);
+
+	while (packet_reader_read(&reader) != PACKET_READ_EOF) {
+		int band;
+		int fd;
+
+		switch (reader.status) {
+		case PACKET_READ_EOF:
+			break;
+		case PACKET_READ_NORMAL:
+			band = reader.line[0] & 0xff;
+			if (band < 1 || band > 2)
+				die("unexpected side band %d", band);
+			fd = band;
+
+			write_or_die(fd, reader.line + 1, reader.pktlen - 1);
+			break;
+		case PACKET_READ_FLUSH:
+			return;
+		case PACKET_READ_DELIM:
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	if (argc < 2)
+		die("too few arguments");
+
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "pack"))
+		pack(argc - 2, argv + 2);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "unpack"))
+		unpack();
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "unpack-sideband"))
+		unpack_sideband();
+	else
+		die("invalid argument '%s'", argv[1]);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/test-prio-queue.c b/t/helper/test-prio-queue.c
index 7be72f0086..9807b649b1 100644
--- a/test-prio-queue.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-prio-queue.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "prio-queue.h"
 
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ static void show(int *v)
 	free(v);
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd__prio_queue(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	struct prio_queue pq = { intcmp };
 
diff --git a/test-read-cache.c b/t/helper/test-read-cache.c
index b25bcf139b..d674c88ba0 100644
--- a/test-read-cache.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-read-cache.c
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 
-int main (int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd__read_cache(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	int i, cnt = 1;
 	if (argc == 2)
 		cnt = strtol(argv[1], NULL, 0);
+	setup_git_directory();
 	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
 		read_cache();
 		discard_cache();
diff --git a/t/helper/test-ref-store.c b/t/helper/test-ref-store.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e9e0541276
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-ref-store.c
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "worktree.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+
+static const char *notnull(const char *arg, const char *name)
+{
+	if (!arg)
+		die("%s required", name);
+	return arg;
+}
+
+static unsigned int arg_flags(const char *arg, const char *name)
+{
+	return atoi(notnull(arg, name));
+}
+
+static const char **get_store(const char **argv, struct ref_store **refs)
+{
+	const char *gitdir;
+
+	if (!argv[0]) {
+		die("ref store required");
+	} else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "main")) {
+		*refs = get_main_ref_store(the_repository);
+	} else if (skip_prefix(argv[0], "submodule:", &gitdir)) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int ret;
+
+		ret = strbuf_git_path_submodule(&sb, gitdir, "objects/");
+		if (ret)
+			die("strbuf_git_path_submodule failed: %d", ret);
+		add_to_alternates_memory(sb.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+		*refs = get_submodule_ref_store(gitdir);
+	} else if (skip_prefix(argv[0], "worktree:", &gitdir)) {
+		struct worktree **p, **worktrees = get_worktrees(0);
+
+		for (p = worktrees; *p; p++) {
+			struct worktree *wt = *p;
+
+			if (!wt->id) {
+				/* special case for main worktree */
+				if (!strcmp(gitdir, "main"))
+					break;
+			} else if (!strcmp(gitdir, wt->id))
+				break;
+		}
+		if (!*p)
+			die("no such worktree: %s", gitdir);
+
+		*refs = get_worktree_ref_store(*p);
+	} else
+		die("unknown backend %s", argv[0]);
+
+	if (!*refs)
+		die("no ref store");
+
+	/* consume store-specific optional arguments if needed */
+
+	return argv + 1;
+}
+
+
+static int cmd_pack_refs(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv)
+{
+	unsigned int flags = arg_flags(*argv++, "flags");
+
+	return refs_pack_refs(refs, flags);
+}
+
+static int cmd_peel_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *refname = notnull(*argv++, "refname");
+	struct object_id oid;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = refs_peel_ref(refs, refname, &oid);
+	if (!ret)
+		puts(oid_to_hex(&oid));
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int cmd_create_symref(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *refname = notnull(*argv++, "refname");
+	const char *target = notnull(*argv++, "target");
+	const char *logmsg = *argv++;
+
+	return refs_create_symref(refs, refname, target, logmsg);
+}
+
+static int cmd_delete_refs(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv)
+{
+	unsigned int flags = arg_flags(*argv++, "flags");
+	const char *msg = *argv++;
+	struct string_list refnames = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+
+	while (*argv)
+		string_list_append(&refnames, *argv++);
+
+	return refs_delete_refs(refs, msg, &refnames, flags);
+}
+
+static int cmd_rename_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *oldref = notnull(*argv++, "oldref");
+	const char *newref = notnull(*argv++, "newref");
+	const char *logmsg = *argv++;
+
+	return refs_rename_ref(refs, oldref, newref, logmsg);
+}
+
+static int each_ref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+		    int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	printf("%s %s 0x%x\n", oid_to_hex(oid), refname, flags);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int cmd_for_each_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *prefix = notnull(*argv++, "prefix");
+
+	return refs_for_each_ref_in(refs, prefix, each_ref, NULL);
+}
+
+static int cmd_resolve_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct object_id oid;
+	const char *refname = notnull(*argv++, "refname");
+	int resolve_flags = arg_flags(*argv++, "resolve-flags");
+	int flags;
+	const char *ref;
+
+	ref = refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(refs, refname, resolve_flags,
+				      &oid, &flags);
+	printf("%s %s 0x%x\n", oid_to_hex(&oid), ref ? ref : "(null)", flags);
+	return ref ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+static int cmd_verify_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *refname = notnull(*argv++, "refname");
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = refs_verify_refname_available(refs, refname, NULL, NULL, &err);
+	if (err.len)
+		puts(err.buf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int cmd_for_each_reflog(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv)
+{
+	return refs_for_each_reflog(refs, each_ref, NULL);
+}
+
+static int each_reflog(struct object_id *old_oid, struct object_id *new_oid,
+		       const char *committer, timestamp_t timestamp,
+		       int tz, const char *msg, void *cb_data)
+{
+	printf("%s %s %s %"PRItime" %d %s\n",
+	       oid_to_hex(old_oid), oid_to_hex(new_oid),
+	       committer, timestamp, tz, msg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int cmd_for_each_reflog_ent(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *refname = notnull(*argv++, "refname");
+
+	return refs_for_each_reflog_ent(refs, refname, each_reflog, refs);
+}
+
+static int cmd_for_each_reflog_ent_reverse(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *refname = notnull(*argv++, "refname");
+
+	return refs_for_each_reflog_ent_reverse(refs, refname, each_reflog, refs);
+}
+
+static int cmd_reflog_exists(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *refname = notnull(*argv++, "refname");
+
+	return !refs_reflog_exists(refs, refname);
+}
+
+static int cmd_create_reflog(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *refname = notnull(*argv++, "refname");
+	int force_create = arg_flags(*argv++, "force-create");
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = refs_create_reflog(refs, refname, force_create, &err);
+	if (err.len)
+		puts(err.buf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int cmd_delete_reflog(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *refname = notnull(*argv++, "refname");
+
+	return refs_delete_reflog(refs, refname);
+}
+
+static int cmd_reflog_expire(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv)
+{
+	die("not supported yet");
+}
+
+static int cmd_delete_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *msg = notnull(*argv++, "msg");
+	const char *refname = notnull(*argv++, "refname");
+	const char *sha1_buf = notnull(*argv++, "old-sha1");
+	unsigned int flags = arg_flags(*argv++, "flags");
+	struct object_id old_oid;
+
+	if (get_oid_hex(sha1_buf, &old_oid))
+		die("not sha-1");
+
+	return refs_delete_ref(refs, msg, refname, &old_oid, flags);
+}
+
+static int cmd_update_ref(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *msg = notnull(*argv++, "msg");
+	const char *refname = notnull(*argv++, "refname");
+	const char *new_sha1_buf = notnull(*argv++, "old-sha1");
+	const char *old_sha1_buf = notnull(*argv++, "old-sha1");
+	unsigned int flags = arg_flags(*argv++, "flags");
+	struct object_id old_oid;
+	struct object_id new_oid;
+
+	if (get_oid_hex(old_sha1_buf, &old_oid) ||
+	    get_oid_hex(new_sha1_buf, &new_oid))
+		die("not sha-1");
+
+	return refs_update_ref(refs, msg, refname,
+			       &new_oid, &old_oid,
+			       flags, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
+}
+
+struct command {
+	const char *name;
+	int (*func)(struct ref_store *refs, const char **argv);
+};
+
+static struct command commands[] = {
+	{ "pack-refs", cmd_pack_refs },
+	{ "peel-ref", cmd_peel_ref },
+	{ "create-symref", cmd_create_symref },
+	{ "delete-refs", cmd_delete_refs },
+	{ "rename-ref", cmd_rename_ref },
+	{ "for-each-ref", cmd_for_each_ref },
+	{ "resolve-ref", cmd_resolve_ref },
+	{ "verify-ref", cmd_verify_ref },
+	{ "for-each-reflog", cmd_for_each_reflog },
+	{ "for-each-reflog-ent", cmd_for_each_reflog_ent },
+	{ "for-each-reflog-ent-reverse", cmd_for_each_reflog_ent_reverse },
+	{ "reflog-exists", cmd_reflog_exists },
+	{ "create-reflog", cmd_create_reflog },
+	{ "delete-reflog", cmd_delete_reflog },
+	{ "reflog-expire", cmd_reflog_expire },
+	/*
+	 * backend transaction functions can't be tested separately
+	 */
+	{ "delete-ref", cmd_delete_ref },
+	{ "update-ref", cmd_update_ref },
+	{ NULL, NULL }
+};
+
+int cmd__ref_store(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct ref_store *refs;
+	const char *func;
+	struct command *cmd;
+
+	setup_git_directory();
+
+	argv = get_store(argv + 1, &refs);
+
+	func = *argv++;
+	if (!func)
+		die("ref function required");
+	for (cmd = commands; cmd->name; cmd++) {
+		if (!strcmp(func, cmd->name))
+			return cmd->func(refs, argv);
+	}
+	die("unknown function %s", func);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-regex.c b/t/helper/test-regex.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..10284cc56f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-regex.c
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "gettext.h"
+
+struct reg_flag {
+	const char *name;
+	int flag;
+};
+
+static struct reg_flag reg_flags[] = {
+	{ "EXTENDED",	 REG_EXTENDED	},
+	{ "NEWLINE",	 REG_NEWLINE	},
+	{ "ICASE",	 REG_ICASE	},
+	{ "NOTBOL",	 REG_NOTBOL	},
+#ifdef REG_STARTEND
+	{ "STARTEND",	 REG_STARTEND	},
+#endif
+	{ NULL, 0 }
+};
+
+static int test_regex_bug(void)
+{
+	char *pat = "[^={} \t]+";
+	char *str = "={}\nfred";
+	regex_t r;
+	regmatch_t m[1];
+
+	if (regcomp(&r, pat, REG_EXTENDED | REG_NEWLINE))
+		die("failed regcomp() for pattern '%s'", pat);
+	if (regexec(&r, str, 1, m, 0))
+		die("no match of pattern '%s' to string '%s'", pat, str);
+
+	/* http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=3957  */
+	if (m[0].rm_so == 3) /* matches '\n' when it should not */
+		die("regex bug confirmed: re-build git with NO_REGEX=1");
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int cmd__regex(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *pat;
+	const char *str;
+	int flags = 0;
+	regex_t r;
+	regmatch_t m[1];
+
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "--bug"))
+		return test_regex_bug();
+	else if (argc < 3)
+		usage("test-tool regex --bug\n"
+		      "test-tool regex <pattern> <string> [<options>]");
+
+	argv++;
+	pat = *argv++;
+	str = *argv++;
+	while (*argv) {
+		struct reg_flag *rf;
+		for (rf = reg_flags; rf->name; rf++)
+			if (!strcmp(*argv, rf->name)) {
+				flags |= rf->flag;
+				break;
+			}
+		if (!rf->name)
+			die("do not recognize %s", *argv);
+		argv++;
+	}
+	git_setup_gettext();
+
+	if (regcomp(&r, pat, flags))
+		die("failed regcomp() for pattern '%s'", pat);
+	if (regexec(&r, str, 1, m, 0))
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-repository.c b/t/helper/test-repository.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2762ca6562
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-repository.c
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit-graph.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "object.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+
+static void test_parse_commit_in_graph(const char *gitdir, const char *worktree,
+				       const struct object_id *commit_oid)
+{
+	struct repository r;
+	struct commit *c;
+	struct commit_list *parent;
+
+	repo_init(&r, gitdir, worktree);
+
+	c = lookup_commit(&r, commit_oid);
+
+	if (!parse_commit_in_graph(&r, c))
+		die("Couldn't parse commit");
+
+	printf("%"PRItime, c->date);
+	for (parent = c->parents; parent; parent = parent->next)
+		printf(" %s", oid_to_hex(&parent->item->object.oid));
+	printf("\n");
+
+	repo_clear(&r);
+}
+
+static void test_get_commit_tree_in_graph(const char *gitdir,
+					  const char *worktree,
+					  const struct object_id *commit_oid)
+{
+	struct repository r;
+	struct commit *c;
+	struct tree *tree;
+
+	repo_init(&r, gitdir, worktree);
+
+	c = lookup_commit(&r, commit_oid);
+
+	/*
+	 * get_commit_tree_in_graph does not automatically parse the commit, so
+	 * parse it first.
+	 */
+	if (!parse_commit_in_graph(&r, c))
+		die("Couldn't parse commit");
+	tree = get_commit_tree_in_graph(&r, c);
+	if (!tree)
+		die("Couldn't get commit tree");
+
+	printf("%s\n", oid_to_hex(&tree->object.oid));
+
+	repo_clear(&r);
+}
+
+int cmd__repository(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	if (argc < 2)
+		die("must have at least 2 arguments");
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "parse_commit_in_graph")) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		if (argc < 5)
+			die("not enough arguments");
+		if (parse_oid_hex(argv[4], &oid, &argv[4]))
+			die("cannot parse oid '%s'", argv[4]);
+		test_parse_commit_in_graph(argv[2], argv[3], &oid);
+	} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "get_commit_tree_in_graph")) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		if (argc < 5)
+			die("not enough arguments");
+		if (parse_oid_hex(argv[4], &oid, &argv[4]))
+			die("cannot parse oid '%s'", argv[4]);
+		test_get_commit_tree_in_graph(argv[2], argv[3], &oid);
+	} else {
+		die("unrecognized '%s'", argv[1]);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/test-revision-walking.c b/t/helper/test-revision-walking.c
index 3ade02c72d..4f8bc75821 100644
--- a/test-revision-walking.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-revision-walking.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  */
 
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "diff.h"
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ static void print_commit(struct commit *commit)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
-	ctx.date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
+	ctx.date_mode.type = DATE_NORMAL;
 	format_commit_message(commit, " %m %s", &sb, &ctx);
 	printf("%s\n", sb.buf);
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
@@ -45,11 +46,13 @@ static int run_revision_walk(void)
 	return got_revision;
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd__revision_walking(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	if (argc < 2)
 		return 1;
 
+	setup_git_directory();
+
 	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "run-twice")) {
 		printf("1st\n");
 		if (!run_revision_walk())
diff --git a/t/helper/test-run-command.c b/t/helper/test-run-command.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2cc93bb69c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-run-command.c
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+ * test-run-command.c: test run command API.
+ *
+ * (C) 2009 Ilari Liusvaara <ilari.liusvaara@elisanet.fi>
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#include "test-tool.h"
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include <string.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+static int number_callbacks;
+static int parallel_next(struct child_process *cp,
+			 struct strbuf *err,
+			 void *cb,
+			 void **task_cb)
+{
+	struct child_process *d = cb;
+	if (number_callbacks >= 4)
+		return 0;
+
+	argv_array_pushv(&cp->args, d->argv);
+	strbuf_addstr(err, "preloaded output of a child\n");
+	number_callbacks++;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int no_job(struct child_process *cp,
+		  struct strbuf *err,
+		  void *cb,
+		  void **task_cb)
+{
+	strbuf_addstr(err, "no further jobs available\n");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int task_finished(int result,
+			 struct strbuf *err,
+			 void *pp_cb,
+			 void *pp_task_cb)
+{
+	strbuf_addstr(err, "asking for a quick stop\n");
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int cmd__run_command(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct child_process proc = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	int jobs;
+
+	if (argc < 3)
+		return 1;
+	while (!strcmp(argv[1], "env")) {
+		if (!argv[2])
+			die("env specifier without a value");
+		argv_array_push(&proc.env_array, argv[2]);
+		argv += 2;
+		argc -= 2;
+	}
+	if (argc < 3)
+		return 1;
+	proc.argv = (const char **)argv + 2;
+
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "start-command-ENOENT")) {
+		if (start_command(&proc) < 0 && errno == ENOENT)
+			return 0;
+		fprintf(stderr, "FAIL %s\n", argv[1]);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "run-command"))
+		exit(run_command(&proc));
+
+	jobs = atoi(argv[2]);
+	proc.argv = (const char **)argv + 3;
+
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "run-command-parallel"))
+		exit(run_processes_parallel(jobs, parallel_next,
+					    NULL, NULL, &proc));
+
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "run-command-abort"))
+		exit(run_processes_parallel(jobs, parallel_next,
+					    NULL, task_finished, &proc));
+
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "run-command-no-jobs"))
+		exit(run_processes_parallel(jobs, no_job,
+					    NULL, task_finished, &proc));
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "check usage\n");
+	return 1;
+}
diff --git a/test-scrap-cache-tree.c b/t/helper/test-scrap-cache-tree.c
index 6efee31a48..393f1604ff 100644
--- a/test-scrap-cache-tree.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-scrap-cache-tree.c
@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 
-static struct lock_file index_lock;
-
-int main(int ac, char **av)
+int cmd__scrap_cache_tree(int ac, const char **av)
 {
-	hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
+	struct lock_file index_lock = LOCK_INIT;
+
+	setup_git_directory();
+	hold_locked_index(&index_lock, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		die("unable to read index file");
 	active_cache_tree = NULL;
diff --git a/t/helper/test-sha1-array.c b/t/helper/test-sha1-array.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ad5e69f9d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-sha1-array.c
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "sha1-array.h"
+
+static int print_oid(const struct object_id *oid, void *data)
+{
+	puts(oid_to_hex(oid));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int cmd__sha1_array(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct oid_array array = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	while (strbuf_getline(&line, stdin) != EOF) {
+		const char *arg;
+		struct object_id oid;
+
+		if (skip_prefix(line.buf, "append ", &arg)) {
+			if (get_oid_hex(arg, &oid))
+				die("not a hexadecimal SHA1: %s", arg);
+			oid_array_append(&array, &oid);
+		} else if (skip_prefix(line.buf, "lookup ", &arg)) {
+			if (get_oid_hex(arg, &oid))
+				die("not a hexadecimal SHA1: %s", arg);
+			printf("%d\n", oid_array_lookup(&array, &oid));
+		} else if (!strcmp(line.buf, "clear"))
+			oid_array_clear(&array);
+		else if (!strcmp(line.buf, "for_each_unique"))
+			oid_array_for_each_unique(&array, print_oid, NULL);
+		else
+			die("unknown command: %s", line.buf);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/test-sha1.c b/t/helper/test-sha1.c
index e57eae10bf..1ba0675c75 100644
--- a/test-sha1.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-sha1.c
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 
-int main(int ac, char **av)
+int cmd__sha1(int ac, const char **av)
 {
 	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
diff --git a/test-sha1.sh b/t/helper/test-sha1.sh
index 0f0bc5d02f..84594885c7 100755
--- a/test-sha1.sh
+++ b/t/helper/test-sha1.sh
@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 dd if=/dev/zero bs=1048576 count=100 2>/dev/null |
-/usr/bin/time ./test-sha1 >/dev/null
+/usr/bin/time t/helper/test-tool sha1 >/dev/null
 
 while read expect cnt pfx
 do
 	case "$expect" in '#'*) continue ;; esac
-	actual=`
+	actual=$(
 		{
 			test -z "$pfx" || echo "$pfx"
 			dd if=/dev/zero bs=1048576 count=$cnt 2>/dev/null |
 			perl -pe 'y/\000/g/'
-		} | ./test-sha1 $cnt
-	`
+		} | ./t/helper/test-tool sha1 $cnt
+	)
 	if test "$expect" = "$actual"
 	then
 		echo "OK: $expect $cnt $pfx"
@@ -51,14 +51,14 @@ exit
 
 while read cnt pfx
 do
-	actual=`
+	actual=$(
 		{
 			test -z "$pfx" || echo "$pfx"
 			dd if=/dev/zero bs=1048576 count=$cnt 2>/dev/null |
 			perl -pe 'y/\000/g/'
 		} | sha1sum |
 		sed -e 's/ .*//'
-	`
+	)
 	echo "$actual $cnt $pfx"
 done <<EOF
 0
diff --git a/test-sigchain.c b/t/helper/test-sigchain.c
index e499fce60f..77ac5bc33f 100644
--- a/test-sigchain.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-sigchain.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
 
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ X(two)
 X(three)
 #undef X
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+int cmd__sigchain(int argc, const char **argv) {
 	sigchain_push(SIGTERM, one);
 	sigchain_push(SIGTERM, two);
 	sigchain_push(SIGTERM, three);
diff --git a/t/helper/test-strcmp-offset.c b/t/helper/test-strcmp-offset.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..44e4a6d143
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-strcmp-offset.c
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+
+int cmd__strcmp_offset(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	int result;
+	size_t offset;
+
+	if (!argv[1] || !argv[2])
+		die("usage: %s <string1> <string2>", argv[0]);
+
+	result = strcmp_offset(argv[1], argv[2], &offset);
+
+	/*
+	 * Because different CRTs behave differently, only rely on signs
+	 * of the result values.
+	 */
+	result = (result < 0 ? -1 :
+			  result > 0 ? 1 :
+			  0);
+	printf("%d %"PRIuMAX"\n", result, (uintmax_t)offset);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/test-string-list.c b/t/helper/test-string-list.c
index 14bdf9d215..2123dda85b 100644
--- a/test-string-list.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-string-list.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ static int prefix_cb(struct string_list_item *item, void *cb_data)
 	return starts_with(item->string, prefix);
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd__string_list(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	if (argc == 5 && !strcmp(argv[1], "split")) {
 		struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
@@ -97,6 +98,31 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "sort")) {
+		struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+
+		strbuf_read(&sb, 0, 0);
+
+		/*
+		 * Split by newline, but don't create a string_list item
+		 * for the empty string after the last separator.
+		 */
+		if (sb.len && sb.buf[sb.len - 1] == '\n')
+			strbuf_setlen(&sb, sb.len - 1);
+		string_list_split_in_place(&list, sb.buf, '\n', -1);
+
+		string_list_sort(&list);
+
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, &list)
+			puts(item->string);
+
+		string_list_clear(&list, 0);
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown function name: %s\n", argv[0],
 		argv[1] ? argv[1] : "(there was none)");
 	return 1;
diff --git a/t/helper/test-submodule-config.c b/t/helper/test-submodule-config.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e2692746df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-submodule-config.c
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
+
+static void die_usage(int argc, const char **argv, const char *msg)
+{
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", msg);
+	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [<commit> <submodulepath>] ...\n", argv[0]);
+	exit(1);
+}
+
+int cmd__submodule_config(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char **arg = argv;
+	int my_argc = argc;
+	int output_url = 0;
+	int lookup_name = 0;
+
+	arg++;
+	my_argc--;
+	while (arg[0] && starts_with(arg[0], "--")) {
+		if (!strcmp(arg[0], "--url"))
+			output_url = 1;
+		if (!strcmp(arg[0], "--name"))
+			lookup_name = 1;
+		arg++;
+		my_argc--;
+	}
+
+	if (my_argc % 2 != 0)
+		die_usage(argc, argv, "Wrong number of arguments.");
+
+	setup_git_directory();
+
+	while (*arg) {
+		struct object_id commit_oid;
+		const struct submodule *submodule;
+		const char *commit;
+		const char *path_or_name;
+
+		commit = arg[0];
+		path_or_name = arg[1];
+
+		if (commit[0] == '\0')
+			oidclr(&commit_oid);
+		else if (get_oid(commit, &commit_oid) < 0)
+			die_usage(argc, argv, "Commit not found.");
+
+		if (lookup_name) {
+			submodule = submodule_from_name(the_repository,
+							&commit_oid, path_or_name);
+		} else
+			submodule = submodule_from_path(the_repository,
+							&commit_oid, path_or_name);
+		if (!submodule)
+			die_usage(argc, argv, "Submodule not found.");
+
+		if (output_url)
+			printf("Submodule url: '%s' for path '%s'\n",
+					submodule->url, submodule->path);
+		else
+			printf("Submodule name: '%s' for path '%s'\n",
+					submodule->name, submodule->path);
+
+		arg += 2;
+	}
+
+	submodule_free(the_repository);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/test-subprocess.c b/t/helper/test-subprocess.c
index 56881a0324..92b69de635 100644
--- a/test-subprocess.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-subprocess.c
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd__subprocess(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 	int nogit = 0;
diff --git a/test-svn-fe.c b/t/helper/test-svn-fe.c
index 120ec96b0d..7667c0803f 100644
--- a/test-svn-fe.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-svn-fe.c
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 static const char test_svnfe_usage[] =
 	"test-svn-fe (<dumpfile> | [-d] <preimage> <delta> <len>)";
 
-static int apply_delta(int argc, char *argv[])
+static int apply_delta(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	struct line_buffer preimage = LINE_BUFFER_INIT;
 	struct line_buffer delta = LINE_BUFFER_INIT;
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ static int apply_delta(int argc, char *argv[])
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	if (argc == 2) {
 		if (svndump_init(argv[1]))
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.c b/t/helper/test-tool.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0edafcfd65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.c
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "test-tool.h"
+
+struct test_cmd {
+	const char *name;
+	int (*fn)(int argc, const char **argv);
+};
+
+static struct test_cmd cmds[] = {
+	{ "chmtime", cmd__chmtime },
+	{ "config", cmd__config },
+	{ "ctype", cmd__ctype },
+	{ "date", cmd__date },
+	{ "delta", cmd__delta },
+	{ "drop-caches", cmd__drop_caches },
+	{ "dump-cache-tree", cmd__dump_cache_tree },
+	{ "dump-split-index", cmd__dump_split_index },
+	{ "example-decorate", cmd__example_decorate },
+	{ "genrandom", cmd__genrandom },
+	{ "hashmap", cmd__hashmap },
+	{ "index-version", cmd__index_version },
+	{ "json-writer", cmd__json_writer },
+	{ "lazy-init-name-hash", cmd__lazy_init_name_hash },
+	{ "match-trees", cmd__match_trees },
+	{ "mergesort", cmd__mergesort },
+	{ "mktemp", cmd__mktemp },
+	{ "online-cpus", cmd__online_cpus },
+	{ "path-utils", cmd__path_utils },
+	{ "prio-queue", cmd__prio_queue },
+	{ "read-cache", cmd__read_cache },
+	{ "ref-store", cmd__ref_store },
+	{ "regex", cmd__regex },
+	{ "repository", cmd__repository },
+	{ "revision-walking", cmd__revision_walking },
+	{ "run-command", cmd__run_command },
+	{ "scrap-cache-tree", cmd__scrap_cache_tree },
+	{ "sha1-array", cmd__sha1_array },
+	{ "sha1", cmd__sha1 },
+	{ "sigchain", cmd__sigchain },
+	{ "strcmp-offset", cmd__strcmp_offset },
+	{ "string-list", cmd__string_list },
+	{ "submodule-config", cmd__submodule_config },
+	{ "subprocess", cmd__subprocess },
+	{ "urlmatch-normalization", cmd__urlmatch_normalization },
+	{ "wildmatch", cmd__wildmatch },
+	{ "write-cache", cmd__write_cache },
+};
+
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	BUG_exit_code = 99;
+	if (argc < 2)
+		die("I need a test name!");
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cmds); i++) {
+		if (!strcmp(cmds[i].name, argv[1])) {
+			argv++;
+			argc--;
+			return cmds[i].fn(argc, argv);
+		}
+	}
+	die("There is no test named '%s'", argv[1]);
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.h b/t/helper/test-tool.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e954e8c522
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.h
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#ifndef __TEST_TOOL_H__
+#define __TEST_TOOL_H__
+
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+
+int cmd__chmtime(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__config(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__ctype(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__date(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__delta(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__drop_caches(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__dump_cache_tree(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__dump_split_index(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__example_decorate(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__genrandom(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__hashmap(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__index_version(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__json_writer(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__lazy_init_name_hash(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__match_trees(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__mergesort(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__mktemp(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__online_cpus(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__path_utils(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__prio_queue(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__read_cache(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__ref_store(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__regex(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__repository(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__revision_walking(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__run_command(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__scrap_cache_tree(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__sha1_array(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__sha1(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__sigchain(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__strcmp_offset(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__string_list(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__submodule_config(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__subprocess(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__urlmatch_normalization(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__wildmatch(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__write_cache(int argc, const char **argv);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/test-urlmatch-normalization.c b/t/helper/test-urlmatch-normalization.c
index 090bf219a7..8f4d67e646 100644
--- a/test-urlmatch-normalization.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-urlmatch-normalization.c
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "urlmatch.h"
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd__urlmatch_normalization(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-	const char usage[] = "test-urlmatch-normalization [-p | -l] <url1> | <url1> <url2>";
+	const char usage[] = "test-tool urlmatch-normalization [-p | -l] <url1> | <url1> <url2>";
 	char *url1, *url2;
 	int opt_p = 0, opt_l = 0;
 
diff --git a/test-wildmatch.c b/t/helper/test-wildmatch.c
index 578b164fe6..2c103d1824 100644
--- a/test-wildmatch.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-wildmatch.c
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int cmd__wildmatch(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	int i;
 	for (i = 2; i < argc; i++) {
@@ -11,11 +12,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			argv[i] += 3;
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "wildmatch"))
-		return !!wildmatch(argv[3], argv[2], WM_PATHNAME, NULL);
+		return !!wildmatch(argv[3], argv[2], WM_PATHNAME);
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "iwildmatch"))
-		return !!wildmatch(argv[3], argv[2], WM_PATHNAME | WM_CASEFOLD, NULL);
+		return !!wildmatch(argv[3], argv[2], WM_PATHNAME | WM_CASEFOLD);
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "pathmatch"))
-		return !!wildmatch(argv[3], argv[2], 0, NULL);
+		return !!wildmatch(argv[3], argv[2], 0);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "ipathmatch"))
+		return !!wildmatch(argv[3], argv[2], WM_CASEFOLD);
 	else
 		return 1;
 }
diff --git a/t/helper/test-write-cache.c b/t/helper/test-write-cache.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8837717d36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-write-cache.c
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#include "test-tool.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "lockfile.h"
+
+int cmd__write_cache(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct lock_file index_lock = LOCK_INIT;
+	int i, cnt = 1;
+	if (argc == 2)
+		cnt = strtol(argv[1], NULL, 0);
+	setup_git_directory();
+	read_cache();
+	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+		hold_locked_index(&index_lock, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &index_lock, COMMIT_LOCK))
+			die("unable to write index file");
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/interop/.gitignore b/t/interop/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..49c78d3dba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/interop/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+/trash directory*/
+/test-results/
+/.prove/
+/build/
diff --git a/t/interop/Makefile b/t/interop/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..31a4bbc716
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/interop/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+-include ../../config.mak
+export GIT_TEST_OPTIONS
+
+SHELL_PATH ?= $(SHELL)
+SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
+T = $(sort $(wildcard i[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-*.sh))
+
+all: $(T)
+
+$(T):
+	@echo "*** $@ ***"; '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $@ $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf build "trash directory".* test-results
+
+.PHONY: all clean $(T)
diff --git a/t/interop/README b/t/interop/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..72d42bd856
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/interop/README
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+Git version interoperability tests
+==================================
+
+This directory has interoperability tests for git. Each script is
+similar to the normal test scripts found in t/, but with the added twist
+that two special versions of git, "git.a" and "git.b", are available in
+the PATH. Individual tests can then check the interaction between the
+two versions.
+
+When you add a feature that handles backwards compatibility between git
+versions, it's encouraged to add a test here to make sure it behaves as
+you expect.
+
+
+Running Tests
+-------------
+
+The easiest way to run tests is to say "make".  This runs all
+the tests against their default versions.
+
+You can run a single test like:
+
+    $ ./i0000-basic.sh
+    ok 1 - bare git is forbidden
+    ok 2 - git.a version (v1.6.6.3)
+    ok 3 - git.b version (v2.11.1)
+    # passed all 3 test(s)
+    1..3
+
+Each test contains default versions to run against. You may override
+these by setting `GIT_TEST_VERSION_A` and `GIT_TEST_VERSION_B` in the
+environment. Note that not all combinations will give sensible outcomes
+for all tests (e.g., a test checking for a specific old/new interaction
+may want something "old" enough" and something "new" enough; see
+individual tests for details).
+
+Version names should be resolvable as revisions in the current
+repository. They will be exported and built as needed using the
+config.mak files found at the root of your working tree.
+
+The exception is the special version "." which uses the currently-built
+contents of your working tree.
+
+You can set the following variables (in the environment or in your config.mak):
+
+    GIT_INTEROP_MAKE_OPTS
+	Options to pass to `make` when building a git version (e.g.,
+	`-j8`).
+
+You can also pass any command-line options taken by ordinary git tests (e.g.,
+"-v").
+
+
+Naming Tests
+------------
+
+The interop test files are named like:
+
+	iNNNN-short-description.sh
+
+where N is a decimal digit.  The same conventions for choosing NNNN as
+for normal tests apply.
+
+
+Writing Tests
+-------------
+
+An interop test script starts like a normal script, declaring a few
+variables and then including interop-lib.sh (which includes test-lib.sh).
+Besides test_description, you should also set the $VERSION_A and $VERSION_B
+variables to give the default versions to test against. See t0000-basic.sh for
+an example.
+
+You can then use test_expect_success as usual, with a few differences:
+
+  1. The special commands "git.a" and "git.b" correspond to the
+     two versions.
+
+  2. You cannot call a bare "git". This is to prevent accidents where
+     you meant "git.a" or "git.b".
+
+  3. The trash directory is _not_ a git repository by default. You
+     should create one with the appropriate version of git.
+
+At the end of the script, call test_done as usual.
diff --git a/t/interop/i0000-basic.sh b/t/interop/i0000-basic.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..903e9193f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/interop/i0000-basic.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# Note that this test only works on real version numbers,
+# as it depends on matching the output to "git version".
+VERSION_A=v1.6.6.3
+VERSION_B=v2.11.1
+
+test_description='sanity test interop library'
+. ./interop-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'bare git is forbidden' '
+	test_must_fail git version
+'
+
+test_expect_success "git.a version ($VERSION_A)" '
+	echo git version ${VERSION_A#v} >expect &&
+	git.a version >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "git.b version ($VERSION_B)" '
+	echo git version ${VERSION_B#v} >expect &&
+	git.b version >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/interop/i5500-git-daemon.sh b/t/interop/i5500-git-daemon.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1daf69420b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/interop/i5500-git-daemon.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+VERSION_A=.
+VERSION_B=v1.0.0
+
+: ${LIB_GIT_DAEMON_PORT:=5500}
+LIB_GIT_DAEMON_COMMAND='git.a daemon'
+
+test_description='clone and fetch by older client'
+. ./interop-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-git-daemon.sh
+
+start_git_daemon --export-all
+
+repo=$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo
+
+test_expect_success "create repo served by $VERSION_A" '
+	git.a init "$repo" &&
+	git.a -C "$repo" commit --allow-empty -m one
+'
+
+test_expect_success "clone with $VERSION_B" '
+	git.b clone "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/repo" child &&
+	echo one >expect &&
+	git.a -C child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "fetch with $VERSION_B" '
+	git.a -C "$repo" commit --allow-empty -m two &&
+	(
+		cd child &&
+		git.b fetch
+	) &&
+	echo two >expect &&
+	git.a -C child log -1 --format=%s FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+stop_git_daemon
+test_done
diff --git a/t/interop/i5700-protocol-transition.sh b/t/interop/i5700-protocol-transition.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..97e8e580ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/interop/i5700-protocol-transition.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+VERSION_A=.
+VERSION_B=v2.0.0
+
+: ${LIB_GIT_DAEMON_PORT:=5700}
+LIB_GIT_DAEMON_COMMAND='git.b daemon'
+
+test_description='clone and fetch by client who is trying to use a new protocol'
+. ./interop-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-git-daemon.sh
+
+start_git_daemon --export-all
+
+repo=$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo
+
+test_expect_success "create repo served by $VERSION_B" '
+	git.b init "$repo" &&
+	git.b -C "$repo" commit --allow-empty -m one
+'
+
+test_expect_success "git:// clone with $VERSION_A and protocol v1" '
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git.a -c protocol.version=1 clone "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/repo" child 2>log &&
+	git.a -C child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git.b -C "$repo" log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	grep "version=1" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success "git:// fetch with $VERSION_A and protocol v1" '
+	git.b -C "$repo" commit --allow-empty -m two &&
+	git.b -C "$repo" log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git.a -C child -c protocol.version=1 fetch 2>log &&
+	git.a -C child log -1 --format=%s FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
+
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	grep "version=1" log &&
+	! grep "version 1" log
+'
+
+stop_git_daemon
+
+test_expect_success "create repo served by $VERSION_B" '
+	git.b init parent &&
+	git.b -C parent commit --allow-empty -m one
+'
+
+test_expect_success "file:// clone with $VERSION_A and protocol v1" '
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git.a -c protocol.version=1 clone --upload-pack="git.b upload-pack" parent child2 2>log &&
+	git.a -C child2 log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git.b -C parent log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	! grep "version 1" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success "file:// fetch with $VERSION_A and protocol v1" '
+	git.b -C parent commit --allow-empty -m two &&
+	git.b -C parent log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git.a -C child2 -c protocol.version=1 fetch --upload-pack="git.b upload-pack" 2>log &&
+	git.a -C child2 log -1 --format=%s FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
+
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	! grep "version 1" log
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/interop/interop-lib.sh b/t/interop/interop-lib.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3e0a2911d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/interop/interop-lib.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+# Interoperability testing framework. Each script should source
+# this after setting default $VERSION_A and $VERSION_B variables.
+
+. ../../GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
+INTEROP_ROOT=$(pwd)
+BUILD_ROOT=$INTEROP_ROOT/build
+
+build_version () {
+	if test -z "$1"
+	then
+		echo >&2 "error: test script did not set default versions"
+		return 1
+	fi
+
+	if test "$1" = "."
+	then
+		git rev-parse --show-toplevel
+		return 0
+	fi
+
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse "$1^{tree}") || return 1
+	dir=$BUILD_ROOT/$sha1
+
+	if test -e "$dir/.built"
+	then
+		echo "$dir"
+		return 0
+	fi
+
+	echo >&2 "==> Building $1..."
+
+	mkdir -p "$dir" || return 1
+
+	(cd "$(git rev-parse --show-cdup)" && git archive --format=tar "$sha1") |
+	(cd "$dir" && tar x) ||
+	return 1
+
+	for config in config.mak config.mak.autogen config.status
+	do
+		if test -e "$INTEROP_ROOT/../../$config"
+		then
+			cp "$INTEROP_ROOT/../../$config" "$dir/" || return 1
+		fi
+	done
+
+	(
+		cd "$dir" &&
+		make $GIT_INTEROP_MAKE_OPTS >&2 &&
+		touch .built
+	) || return 1
+
+	echo "$dir"
+}
+
+# Old versions of git don't have bin-wrappers, so let's give a rough emulation.
+wrap_git () {
+	write_script "$1" <<-EOF
+	GIT_EXEC_PATH="$2"
+	export GIT_EXEC_PATH
+	PATH="$2:\$PATH"
+	export GIT_EXEC_PATH
+	exec git "\$@"
+	EOF
+}
+
+generate_wrappers () {
+	mkdir -p .bin &&
+	wrap_git .bin/git.a "$DIR_A" &&
+	wrap_git .bin/git.b "$DIR_B" &&
+	write_script .bin/git <<-\EOF &&
+	echo >&2 fatal: test tried to run generic git
+	exit 1
+	EOF
+	PATH=$(pwd)/.bin:$PATH
+}
+
+VERSION_A=${GIT_TEST_VERSION_A:-$VERSION_A}
+VERSION_B=${GIT_TEST_VERSION_B:-$VERSION_B}
+
+if ! DIR_A=$(build_version "$VERSION_A") ||
+   ! DIR_B=$(build_version "$VERSION_B")
+then
+	echo >&2 "fatal: unable to build git versions"
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+TEST_DIRECTORY=$INTEROP_ROOT/..
+TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=$INTEROP_ROOT
+TEST_NO_CREATE_REPO=t
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test-lib.sh
+
+generate_wrappers || die "unable to set up interop test environment"
diff --git a/t/lib-credential.sh b/t/lib-credential.sh
index d8e41f7ddd..937b831ea6 100755
--- a/t/lib-credential.sh
+++ b/t/lib-credential.sh
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ helper_test_clean() {
 	reject $1 https example.com user2
 	reject $1 http path.tld user
 	reject $1 https timeout.tld user
+	reject $1 https sso.tld
 }
 
 reject() {
@@ -250,6 +251,24 @@ helper_test() {
 		password=pass2
 		EOF
 	'
+
+	test_expect_success "helper ($HELPER) can store empty username" '
+		check approve $HELPER <<-\EOF &&
+		protocol=https
+		host=sso.tld
+		username=
+		password=
+		EOF
+		check fill $HELPER <<-\EOF
+		protocol=https
+		host=sso.tld
+		--
+		protocol=https
+		host=sso.tld
+		username=
+		password=
+		EOF
+	'
 }
 
 helper_test_timeout() {
diff --git a/t/lib-diff-alternative.sh b/t/lib-diff-alternative.sh
index 8b4dbf22d2..8d1e408bb5 100644
--- a/t/lib-diff-alternative.sh
+++ b/t/lib-diff-alternative.sh
@@ -59,9 +59,11 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 }
 EOF
 
-	cat >expect <<\EOF
+	file1=$(git rev-parse --short $(git hash-object file1))
+	file2=$(git rev-parse --short $(git hash-object file2))
+	cat >expect <<EOF
 diff --git a/file1 b/file2
-index 6faa5a3..e3af329 100644
+index $file1..$file2 100644
 --- a/file1
 +++ b/file2
 @@ -1,26 +1,25 @@
@@ -136,9 +138,11 @@ e
 f
 EOF
 
-	cat >expect <<\EOF
+	uniq1=$(git rev-parse --short $(git hash-object uniq1))
+	uniq2=$(git rev-parse --short $(git hash-object uniq2))
+	cat >expect <<EOF
 diff --git a/uniq1 b/uniq2
-index b414108..0fdf397 100644
+index $uniq1..$uniq2 100644
 --- a/uniq1
 +++ b/uniq2
 @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
diff --git a/t/lib-git-daemon.sh b/t/lib-git-daemon.sh
index bc4b3412fb..edbea2d986 100644
--- a/t/lib-git-daemon.sh
+++ b/t/lib-git-daemon.sh
@@ -23,11 +23,17 @@ then
 	test_done
 fi
 
+if test_have_prereq !PIPE
+then
+	test_skip_or_die $GIT_TEST_GIT_DAEMON "file system does not support FIFOs"
+fi
+
 LIB_GIT_DAEMON_PORT=${LIB_GIT_DAEMON_PORT-${this_test#t}}
 
 GIT_DAEMON_PID=
 GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH="$PWD"/repo
-GIT_DAEMON_URL=git://127.0.0.1:$LIB_GIT_DAEMON_PORT
+GIT_DAEMON_HOST_PORT=127.0.0.1:$LIB_GIT_DAEMON_PORT
+GIT_DAEMON_URL=git://$GIT_DAEMON_HOST_PORT
 
 start_git_daemon() {
 	if test -n "$GIT_DAEMON_PID"
@@ -41,17 +47,26 @@ start_git_daemon() {
 
 	say >&3 "Starting git daemon ..."
 	mkfifo git_daemon_output
-	git daemon --listen=127.0.0.1 --port="$LIB_GIT_DAEMON_PORT" \
+	${LIB_GIT_DAEMON_COMMAND:-git daemon} \
+		--listen=127.0.0.1 --port="$LIB_GIT_DAEMON_PORT" \
 		--reuseaddr --verbose \
 		--base-path="$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH" \
 		"$@" "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH" \
 		>&3 2>git_daemon_output &
 	GIT_DAEMON_PID=$!
+	>daemon.log
 	{
-		read line <&7
-		echo >&4 "$line"
-		cat <&7 >&4 &
-	} 7<git_daemon_output &&
+		read -r line <&7
+		printf "%s\n" "$line"
+		printf >&4 "%s\n" "$line"
+		(
+			while read -r line <&7
+			do
+				printf "%s\n" "$line"
+				printf >&4 "%s\n" "$line"
+			done
+		) &
+	} 7<git_daemon_output >>"$TRASH_DIRECTORY/daemon.log" &&
 
 	# Check expected output
 	if test x"$(expr "$line" : "\[[0-9]*\] \(.*\)")" != x"Ready to rumble"
@@ -77,11 +92,32 @@ stop_git_daemon() {
 	kill "$GIT_DAEMON_PID"
 	wait "$GIT_DAEMON_PID" >&3 2>&4
 	ret=$?
-	# expect exit with status 143 = 128+15 for signal TERM=15
-	if test $ret -ne 143
+	if test_match_signal 15 $?
 	then
 		error "git daemon exited with status: $ret"
 	fi
 	GIT_DAEMON_PID=
 	rm -f git_daemon_output
 }
+
+# A stripped-down version of a netcat client, that connects to a "host:port"
+# given in $1, sends its stdin followed by EOF, then dumps the response (until
+# EOF) to stdout.
+fake_nc() {
+	if ! test_declared_prereq FAKENC
+	then
+		echo >&4 "fake_nc: need to declare FAKENC prerequisite"
+		return 127
+	fi
+	perl -Mstrict -MIO::Socket::INET -e '
+		my $s = IO::Socket::INET->new(shift)
+			or die "unable to open socket: $!";
+		print $s <STDIN>;
+		$s->shutdown(1);
+		print <$s>;
+	' "$@"
+}
+
+test_lazy_prereq FAKENC '
+	perl -MIO::Socket::INET -e "exit 0"
+'
diff --git a/t/lib-git-p4.sh b/t/lib-git-p4.sh
index 5aa8adcf9c..c27599474c 100644
--- a/t/lib-git-p4.sh
+++ b/t/lib-git-p4.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,14 @@
 # a subdirectory called "$git"
 TEST_NO_CREATE_REPO=NoThanks
 
+# Some operations require multiple attempts to be successful. Define
+# here the maximal retry timeout in seconds.
+RETRY_TIMEOUT=60
+
+# Sometimes p4d seems to hang. Terminate the p4d process automatically after
+# the defined timeout in seconds.
+P4D_TIMEOUT=300
+
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 if ! test_have_prereq PYTHON
@@ -25,17 +33,26 @@ fi
 # Older versions of perforce were available compiled natively for
 # cygwin.  Those do not accept native windows paths, so make sure
 # not to convert for them.
-native_path() {
+native_path () {
 	path="$1" &&
 	if test_have_prereq CYGWIN && ! p4 -V | grep -q CYGWIN
 	then
 		path=$(cygpath --windows "$path")
 	else
-		path=$(test-path-utils real_path "$path")
+		path=$(test-tool path-utils real_path "$path")
 	fi &&
 	echo "$path"
 }
 
+# On Solaris the 'date +%s' function is not supported and therefore we
+# need this replacement.
+# Attention: This function is not safe again against time offset updates
+# at runtime (e.g. via NTP). The 'clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)'
+# function could fix that but it is not in Python until 3.3.
+time_in_seconds () {
+	(cd / && "$PYTHON_PATH" -c 'import time; print(int(time.time()))')
+}
+
 # Try to pick a unique port: guess a large number, then hope
 # no more than one of each test is running.
 #
@@ -57,19 +74,28 @@ cli="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/cli"
 git="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/git"
 pidfile="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/p4d.pid"
 
+# Sometimes "prove" seems to hang on exit because p4d is still running
+cleanup () {
+	if test -f "$pidfile"
+	then
+		kill -9 $(cat "$pidfile") 2>/dev/null && exit 255
+	fi
+}
+trap cleanup EXIT
+
 # git p4 submit generates a temp file, which will
 # not get cleaned up if the submission fails.  Don't
 # clutter up /tmp on the test machine.
 TMPDIR="$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
 export TMPDIR
 
-start_p4d() {
+start_p4d () {
 	mkdir -p "$db" "$cli" "$git" &&
 	rm -f "$pidfile" &&
 	(
 		cd "$db" &&
 		{
-			p4d -q -p $P4DPORT &
+			p4d -q -p $P4DPORT "$@" &
 			echo $! >"$pidfile"
 		}
 	) &&
@@ -81,6 +107,19 @@ start_p4d() {
 	# will be caught with the "kill -0" check below.
 	i=${P4D_START_PATIENCE:-300}
 	pid=$(cat "$pidfile")
+
+	timeout=$(($(time_in_seconds) + $P4D_TIMEOUT))
+	while true
+	do
+		if test $(time_in_seconds) -gt $timeout
+		then
+			kill -9 $pid
+			exit 1
+		fi
+		sleep 1
+	done &
+	watchdog_pid=$!
+
 	ready=
 	while test $i -gt 0
 	do
@@ -112,7 +151,7 @@ start_p4d() {
 	return 0
 }
 
-p4_add_user() {
+p4_add_user () {
 	name=$1 &&
 	p4 user -f -i <<-EOF
 	User: $name
@@ -121,33 +160,57 @@ p4_add_user() {
 	EOF
 }
 
-kill_p4d() {
-	pid=$(cat "$pidfile")
-	# it had better exist for the first kill
-	kill $pid &&
-	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 ; do
-		kill $pid >/dev/null 2>&1 || break
+p4_add_job () {
+	p4 job -f -i <<-EOF
+	Job: $1
+	Status: open
+	User: dummy
+	Description:
+	EOF
+}
+
+retry_until_success () {
+	timeout=$(($(time_in_seconds) + $RETRY_TIMEOUT))
+	until "$@" 2>/dev/null || test $(time_in_seconds) -gt $timeout
+	do
+		sleep 1
+	done
+}
+
+retry_until_fail () {
+	timeout=$(($(time_in_seconds) + $RETRY_TIMEOUT))
+	until ! "$@" 2>/dev/null || test $(time_in_seconds) -gt $timeout
+	do
 		sleep 1
-	done &&
+	done
+}
+
+kill_p4d () {
+	pid=$(cat "$pidfile")
+	retry_until_fail kill $pid
+	retry_until_fail kill -9 $pid
 	# complain if it would not die
 	test_must_fail kill $pid >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
-	rm -rf "$db" "$cli" "$pidfile"
+	rm -rf "$db" "$cli" "$pidfile" &&
+	retry_until_fail kill -9 $watchdog_pid
 }
 
-cleanup_git() {
-	rm -rf "$git" &&
-	mkdir "$git"
+cleanup_git () {
+	retry_until_success rm -r "$git"
+	test_must_fail test -d "$git" &&
+	retry_until_success mkdir "$git"
 }
 
-marshal_dump() {
+marshal_dump () {
 	what=$1 &&
 	line=${2:-1} &&
 	cat >"$TRASH_DIRECTORY/marshal-dump.py" <<-EOF &&
 	import marshal
 	import sys
+	instream = getattr(sys.stdin, 'buffer', sys.stdin)
 	for i in range($line):
-	    d = marshal.load(sys.stdin)
-	print d['$what']
+	    d = marshal.load(instream)
+	print(d[b'$what'].decode('utf-8'))
 	EOF
 	"$PYTHON_PATH" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/marshal-dump.py"
 }
@@ -155,7 +218,7 @@ marshal_dump() {
 #
 # Construct a client with this list of View lines
 #
-client_view() {
+client_view () {
 	(
 		cat <<-EOF &&
 		Client: $P4CLIENT
@@ -169,7 +232,7 @@ client_view() {
 	) | p4 client -i
 }
 
-is_cli_file_writeable() {
+is_cli_file_writeable () {
 	# cygwin version of p4 does not set read-only attr,
 	# will be marked 444 but -w is true
 	file="$1" &&
diff --git a/t/lib-git-svn.sh b/t/lib-git-svn.sh
index b0ec12ff6c..a8130f9119 100644
--- a/t/lib-git-svn.sh
+++ b/t/lib-git-svn.sh
@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-remotes_git_svn=remotes/git""-svn
-git_svn_id=git""-svn-id
-
 if test -n "$NO_SVN_TESTS"
 then
 	skip_all='skipping git svn tests, NO_SVN_TESTS defined'
@@ -20,8 +17,8 @@ SVN_TREE=$GIT_SVN_DIR/svn-tree
 svn >/dev/null 2>&1
 if test $? -ne 1
 then
-    skip_all='skipping git svn tests, svn not found'
-    test_done
+	skip_all='skipping git svn tests, svn not found'
+	test_done
 fi
 
 svnrepo=$PWD/svnrepo
@@ -52,7 +49,7 @@ rawsvnrepo="$svnrepo"
 svnrepo="file://$svnrepo"
 
 poke() {
-	test-chmtime +1 "$1"
+	test-tool chmtime +1 "$1"
 }
 
 # We need this, because we should pass empty configuration directory to
@@ -68,81 +65,22 @@ svn_cmd () {
 	svn "$orig_svncmd" --config-dir "$svnconf" "$@"
 }
 
-prepare_httpd () {
-	for d in \
-		"$SVN_HTTPD_PATH" \
-		/usr/sbin/apache2 \
-		/usr/sbin/httpd \
-	; do
-		if test -f "$d"
-		then
-			SVN_HTTPD_PATH="$d"
-			break
-		fi
-	done
-	if test -z "$SVN_HTTPD_PATH"
-	then
-		echo >&2 '*** error: Apache not found'
-		return 1
-	fi
-	for d in \
-		"$SVN_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH" \
-		/usr/lib/apache2/modules \
-		/usr/libexec/apache2 \
-	; do
-		if test -d "$d"
-		then
-			SVN_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH="$d"
-			break
-		fi
-	done
-	if test -z "$SVN_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH"
-	then
-		echo >&2 '*** error: Apache module dir not found'
-		return 1
-	fi
-	if test ! -f "$SVN_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH/mod_dav_svn.so"
-	then
-		echo >&2 '*** error: Apache module "mod_dav_svn" not found'
-		return 1
-	fi
-
-	repo_base_path="${1-svn}"
-	mkdir "$GIT_DIR"/logs
-
-	cat > "$GIT_DIR/httpd.conf" <<EOF
-ServerName "git svn test"
-ServerRoot "$GIT_DIR"
-DocumentRoot "$GIT_DIR"
-PidFile "$GIT_DIR/httpd.pid"
-LockFile logs/accept.lock
-Listen 127.0.0.1:$SVN_HTTPD_PORT
-LoadModule dav_module $SVN_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH/mod_dav.so
-LoadModule dav_svn_module $SVN_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH/mod_dav_svn.so
-<Location /$repo_base_path>
-	DAV svn
-	SVNPath "$rawsvnrepo"
-</Location>
-EOF
-}
-
-start_httpd () {
-	if test -z "$SVN_HTTPD_PORT"
-	then
-		echo >&2 'SVN_HTTPD_PORT is not defined!'
-		return
-	fi
-
-	prepare_httpd "$1" || return 1
-
-	"$SVN_HTTPD_PATH" -f "$GIT_DIR"/httpd.conf -k start
-	svnrepo="http://127.0.0.1:$SVN_HTTPD_PORT/$repo_base_path"
-}
-
-stop_httpd () {
-	test -z "$SVN_HTTPD_PORT" && return
-	test ! -f "$GIT_DIR/httpd.conf" && return
-	"$SVN_HTTPD_PATH" -f "$GIT_DIR"/httpd.conf -k stop
+maybe_start_httpd () {
+	loc=${1-svn}
+
+	test_tristate GIT_SVN_TEST_HTTPD
+	case $GIT_SVN_TEST_HTTPD in
+	true)
+		. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+		LIB_HTTPD_SVN="$loc"
+		start_httpd
+		;;
+	*)
+		stop_httpd () {
+			: noop
+		}
+		;;
+	esac
 }
 
 convert_to_rev_db () {
@@ -172,17 +110,31 @@ EOF
 }
 
 require_svnserve () {
-    if test -z "$SVNSERVE_PORT"
-    then
-	skip_all='skipping svnserve test. (set $SVNSERVE_PORT to enable)'
-        test_done
-    fi
+	test_tristate GIT_TEST_SVNSERVE
+	if ! test "$GIT_TEST_SVNSERVE" = true
+	then
+		skip_all='skipping svnserve test. (set $GIT_TEST_SVNSERVE to enable)'
+		test_done
+	fi
 }
 
 start_svnserve () {
-    svnserve --listen-port $SVNSERVE_PORT \
-             --root "$rawsvnrepo" \
-             --listen-once \
-             --listen-host 127.0.0.1 &
+	SVNSERVE_PORT=${SVNSERVE_PORT-${this_test#t}}
+	svnserve --listen-port $SVNSERVE_PORT \
+		 --root "$rawsvnrepo" \
+		 --listen-once \
+		 --listen-host 127.0.0.1 &
 }
 
+prepare_a_utf8_locale () {
+	a_utf8_locale=$(locale -a | sed -n '/\.[uU][tT][fF]-*8$/{
+	p
+	q
+}')
+	if test -n "$a_utf8_locale"
+	then
+		test_set_prereq UTF8
+	else
+		say "# UTF-8 locale not available, some tests are skipped"
+	fi
+}
diff --git a/t/lib-gpg.sh b/t/lib-gpg.sh
index db2ef22e8f..3fe02876c1 100755
--- a/t/lib-gpg.sh
+++ b/t/lib-gpg.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 gpg_version=$(gpg --version 2>&1)
-if test $? = 127; then
-	say "You do not seem to have gpg installed"
-else
+if test $? != 127
+then
 	# As said here: http://www.gnupg.org/documentation/faqs.html#q6.19
 	# the gpg version 1.0.6 didn't parse trust packets correctly, so for
 	# that version, creation of signed tags using the generated key fails.
@@ -32,13 +31,40 @@ else
 		chmod 0700 ./gpghome &&
 		GNUPGHOME="$(pwd)/gpghome" &&
 		export GNUPGHOME &&
+		(gpgconf --kill gpg-agent >/dev/null 2>&1 || : ) &&
 		gpg --homedir "${GNUPGHOME}" 2>/dev/null --import \
 			"$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-gpg/keyring.gpg &&
 		gpg --homedir "${GNUPGHOME}" 2>/dev/null --import-ownertrust \
 			"$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-gpg/ownertrust &&
 		gpg --homedir "${GNUPGHOME}" </dev/null >/dev/null 2>&1 \
 			--sign -u committer@example.com &&
-		test_set_prereq GPG
+		test_set_prereq GPG &&
+		# Available key info:
+		# * see t/lib-gpg/gpgsm-gen-key.in
+		# To generate new certificate:
+		#  * no passphrase
+		#	gpgsm --homedir /tmp/gpghome/ \
+		#		-o /tmp/gpgsm.crt.user \
+		#		--generate-key \
+		#		--batch t/lib-gpg/gpgsm-gen-key.in
+		# To import certificate:
+		#	gpgsm --homedir /tmp/gpghome/ \
+		#		--import /tmp/gpgsm.crt.user
+		# To export into a .p12 we can later import:
+		#	gpgsm --homedir /tmp/gpghome/ \
+		#		-o t/lib-gpg/gpgsm_cert.p12 \
+		#		--export-secret-key-p12 "committer@example.com"
+		echo | gpgsm --homedir "${GNUPGHOME}" 2>/dev/null \
+			--passphrase-fd 0 --pinentry-mode loopback \
+			--import "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-gpg/gpgsm_cert.p12 &&
+		gpgsm --homedir "${GNUPGHOME}" 2>/dev/null -K \
+			| grep fingerprint: | cut -d" " -f4 | tr -d '\n' > \
+			${GNUPGHOME}/trustlist.txt &&
+		echo " S relax" >> ${GNUPGHOME}/trustlist.txt &&
+		(gpgconf --kill gpg-agent >/dev/null 2>&1 || : ) &&
+		echo hello | gpgsm --homedir "${GNUPGHOME}" >/dev/null \
+			-u committer@example.com -o /dev/null --sign - 2>&1 &&
+		test_set_prereq GPGSM
 		;;
 	esac
 fi
diff --git a/t/lib-gpg/gpgsm-gen-key.in b/t/lib-gpg/gpgsm-gen-key.in
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a7fd87c069
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-gpg/gpgsm-gen-key.in
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Key-Type: RSA
+Key-Length: 2048
+Key-Usage: sign
+Serial: random
+Name-DN: CN=C O Mitter, O=Example, SN=C O, GN=Mitter
+Name-Email: committer@example.com
+Not-Before: 1970-01-01 00:00:00
+Not-After: 3000-01-01 00:00:00
diff --git a/t/lib-gpg/gpgsm_cert.p12 b/t/lib-gpg/gpgsm_cert.p12
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..94ffad0d31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-gpg/gpgsm_cert.p12
diff --git a/t/lib-httpd.sh b/t/lib-httpd.sh
index d154d1ed1d..a8729f8232 100644
--- a/t/lib-httpd.sh
+++ b/t/lib-httpd.sh
@@ -24,12 +24,24 @@
 #    LIB_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH       web server modules path
 #    LIB_HTTPD_PORT              listening port
 #    LIB_HTTPD_DAV               enable DAV
-#    LIB_HTTPD_SVN               enable SVN
+#    LIB_HTTPD_SVN               enable SVN at given location (e.g. "svn")
 #    LIB_HTTPD_SSL               enable SSL
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2008 Clemens Buchacher <drizzd@aon.at>
 #
 
+if test -n "$NO_CURL"
+then
+	skip_all='skipping test, git built without http support'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+if test -n "$NO_EXPAT" && test -n "$LIB_HTTPD_DAV"
+then
+	skip_all='skipping test, git built without expat support'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 test_tristate GIT_TEST_HTTPD
 if test "$GIT_TEST_HTTPD" = false
 then
@@ -79,14 +91,15 @@ HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH=$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/www
 # hack to suppress apache PassEnv warnings
 GIT_VALGRIND=$GIT_VALGRIND; export GIT_VALGRIND
 GIT_VALGRIND_OPTIONS=$GIT_VALGRIND_OPTIONS; export GIT_VALGRIND_OPTIONS
+GIT_TRACE=$GIT_TRACE; export GIT_TRACE
 
 if ! test -x "$LIB_HTTPD_PATH"
 then
 	test_skip_or_die $GIT_TEST_HTTPD "no web server found at '$LIB_HTTPD_PATH'"
 fi
 
-HTTPD_VERSION=`$LIB_HTTPD_PATH -v | \
-	sed -n 's/^Server version: Apache\/\([0-9]*\)\..*$/\1/p; q'`
+HTTPD_VERSION=$($LIB_HTTPD_PATH -v | \
+	sed -n 's/^Server version: Apache\/\([0-9]*\)\..*$/\1/p; q')
 
 if test -n "$HTTPD_VERSION"
 then
@@ -119,6 +132,7 @@ prepare_httpd() {
 	cp "$TEST_PATH"/passwd "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"
 	install_script broken-smart-http.sh
 	install_script error.sh
+	install_script apply-one-time-sed.sh
 
 	ln -s "$LIB_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH" "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/modules"
 
@@ -149,8 +163,10 @@ prepare_httpd() {
 		if test -n "$LIB_HTTPD_SVN"
 		then
 			HTTPD_PARA="$HTTPD_PARA -DSVN"
-			rawsvnrepo="$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/svnrepo"
-			svnrepo="http://127.0.0.1:$LIB_HTTPD_PORT/svn"
+			LIB_HTTPD_SVNPATH="$rawsvnrepo"
+			svnrepo="http://127.0.0.1:$LIB_HTTPD_PORT/"
+			svnrepo="$svnrepo$LIB_HTTPD_SVN"
+			export LIB_HTTPD_SVN LIB_HTTPD_SVNPATH
 		fi
 	fi
 }
@@ -167,6 +183,7 @@ start_httpd() {
 	if test $? -ne 0
 	then
 		trap 'die' EXIT
+		cat "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/error.log >&4 2>/dev/null
 		test_skip_or_die $GIT_TEST_HTTPD "web server setup failed"
 	fi
 }
@@ -271,3 +288,24 @@ expect_askpass() {
 	test_cmp "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/askpass-expect" \
 		 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/askpass-query"
 }
+
+strip_access_log() {
+	sed -e "
+		s/^.* \"//
+		s/\"//
+		s/ [1-9][0-9]*\$//
+		s/^GET /GET  /
+	" "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log
+}
+
+# Requires one argument: the name of a file containing the expected stripped
+# access log entries.
+check_access_log() {
+	sort "$1" >"$1".sorted &&
+	strip_access_log >access.log.stripped &&
+	sort access.log.stripped >access.log.sorted &&
+	if ! test_cmp "$1".sorted access.log.sorted
+	then
+		test_cmp "$1" access.log.stripped
+	fi
+}
diff --git a/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf b/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf
index 03a4c2ee84..581c010d8f 100644
--- a/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf
+++ b/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf
@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ ErrorLog error.log
 <IfModule !mod_headers.c>
 	LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so
 </IfModule>
+<IfModule !mod_setenvif.c>
+	LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so
+</IfModule>
 
 <IfVersion < 2.4>
 LockFile accept.lock
@@ -64,12 +67,19 @@ LockFile accept.lock
 <IfModule !mod_mpm_prefork.c>
 	LoadModule mpm_prefork_module modules/mod_mpm_prefork.so
 </IfModule>
+<IfModule !mod_unixd.c>
+	LoadModule unixd_module modules/mod_unixd.so
+</IfModule>
 </IfVersion>
 
 PassEnv GIT_VALGRIND
 PassEnv GIT_VALGRIND_OPTIONS
 PassEnv GNUPGHOME
 PassEnv ASAN_OPTIONS
+PassEnv GIT_TRACE
+PassEnv GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM
+
+SetEnvIf Git-Protocol ".*" GIT_PROTOCOL=$0
 
 Alias /dumb/ www/
 Alias /auth/dumb/ www/auth/dumb/
@@ -97,9 +107,18 @@ Alias /auth/dumb/ www/auth/dumb/
 	SetEnv GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL
 	Header set Set-Cookie name=value
 </LocationMatch>
+<LocationMatch /smart_headers/>
+	SetEnv GIT_EXEC_PATH ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}
+	SetEnv GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL
+</LocationMatch>
+<LocationMatch /one_time_sed/>
+	SetEnv GIT_EXEC_PATH ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}
+	SetEnv GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL
+</LocationMatch>
 ScriptAliasMatch /smart_*[^/]*/(.*) ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}/git-http-backend/$1
 ScriptAlias /broken_smart/ broken-smart-http.sh/
 ScriptAlias /error/ error.sh/
+ScriptAliasMatch /one_time_sed/(.*) apply-one-time-sed.sh/$1
 <Directory ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}>
 	Options FollowSymlinks
 </Directory>
@@ -109,15 +128,57 @@ ScriptAlias /error/ error.sh/
 <Files error.sh>
   Options ExecCGI
 </Files>
+<Files apply-one-time-sed.sh>
+	Options ExecCGI
+</Files>
 <Files ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}/git-http-backend>
 	Options ExecCGI
 </Files>
 
 RewriteEngine on
+RewriteRule ^/dumb-redir/(.*)$ /dumb/$1 [R=301]
 RewriteRule ^/smart-redir-perm/(.*)$ /smart/$1 [R=301]
 RewriteRule ^/smart-redir-temp/(.*)$ /smart/$1 [R=302]
 RewriteRule ^/smart-redir-auth/(.*)$ /auth/smart/$1 [R=301]
 RewriteRule ^/smart-redir-limited/(.*)/info/refs$ /smart/$1/info/refs [R=301]
+RewriteRule ^/ftp-redir/(.*)$ ftp://localhost:1000/$1 [R=302]
+
+RewriteRule ^/loop-redir/x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-(.*) /$1 [R=302]
+RewriteRule ^/loop-redir/(.*)$ /loop-redir/x-$1 [R=302]
+
+# redir-to/502/x?y -> really-redir-to?path=502/x&qs=y which returns 502
+# redir-to/x?y -> really-redir-to?path=x&qs=y -> x?y
+RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^(.*)$
+RewriteRule ^/redir-to/(.*)$ /really-redir-to?path=$1&qs=%1 [R=302]
+RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^path=502/(.*)&qs=(.*)$
+RewriteRule ^/really-redir-to$ - [R=502,L]
+RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^path=(.*)&qs=(.*)$
+RewriteRule ^/really-redir-to$ /%1?%2 [R=302]
+
+# The first rule issues a client-side redirect to something
+# that _doesn't_ look like a git repo. The second rule is a
+# server-side rewrite, so that it turns out the odd-looking
+# thing _is_ a git repo. The "[PT]" tells Apache to match
+# the usual ScriptAlias rules for /smart.
+RewriteRule ^/insane-redir/(.*)$ /intern-redir/$1/foo [R=301]
+RewriteRule ^/intern-redir/(.*)/foo$ /smart/$1 [PT]
+
+# Serve info/refs internally without redirecting, but
+# issue a redirect for any object requests.
+RewriteRule ^/redir-objects/(.*/info/refs)$ /dumb/$1 [PT]
+RewriteRule ^/redir-objects/(.*/objects/.*)$ /dumb/$1 [R=301]
+
+# Apache 2.2 does not understand <RequireAll>, so we use RewriteCond.
+# And as RewriteCond does not allow testing for non-matches, we match
+# the desired case first (one has abra, two has cadabra), and let it
+# pass by marking the RewriteRule as [L], "last rule, do not process
+# any other matching RewriteRules after this"), and then have another
+# RewriteRule that matches all other cases and lets them fail via '[F]',
+# "fail the request".
+RewriteCond %{HTTP:x-magic-one} =abra
+RewriteCond %{HTTP:x-magic-two} =cadabra
+RewriteRule ^/smart_headers/.* - [L]
+RewriteRule ^/smart_headers/.* - [F]
 
 <IfDefine SSL>
 LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so
@@ -183,8 +244,8 @@ RewriteRule ^/half-auth-complete/ - [E=AUTHREQUIRED:yes]
 <IfDefine SVN>
 	LoadModule dav_svn_module modules/mod_dav_svn.so
 
-	<Location /svn>
+	<Location /${LIB_HTTPD_SVN}>
 		DAV svn
-		SVNPath svnrepo
+		SVNPath "${LIB_HTTPD_SVNPATH}"
 	</Location>
 </IfDefine>
diff --git a/t/lib-httpd/apply-one-time-sed.sh b/t/lib-httpd/apply-one-time-sed.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fcef728925
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-httpd/apply-one-time-sed.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# If "one-time-sed" exists in $HTTPD_ROOT_PATH, run sed on the HTTP response,
+# using the contents of "one-time-sed" as the sed command to be run. If the
+# response was modified as a result, delete "one-time-sed" so that subsequent
+# HTTP responses are no longer modified.
+#
+# This can be used to simulate the effects of the repository changing in
+# between HTTP request-response pairs.
+if [ -e one-time-sed ]; then
+	"$GIT_EXEC_PATH/git-http-backend" >out
+	sed "$(cat one-time-sed)" <out >out_modified
+
+	if diff out out_modified >/dev/null; then
+		cat out
+	else
+		cat out_modified
+		rm one-time-sed
+	fi
+else
+	"$GIT_EXEC_PATH/git-http-backend"
+fi
diff --git a/t/lib-pack.sh b/t/lib-pack.sh
index 7509846571..c4d907a450 100644
--- a/t/lib-pack.sh
+++ b/t/lib-pack.sh
@@ -79,13 +79,25 @@ pack_obj () {
 		;;
 	esac
 
+	# If it's not a delta, we can convince pack-objects to generate a pack
+	# with just our entry, and then strip off the header (12 bytes) and
+	# trailer (20 bytes).
+	if test -z "$2"
+	then
+		echo "$1" | git pack-objects --stdout >pack_obj.tmp &&
+		size=$(wc -c <pack_obj.tmp) &&
+		dd if=pack_obj.tmp bs=1 count=$((size - 20 - 12)) skip=12 &&
+		rm -f pack_obj.tmp
+		return
+	fi
+
 	echo >&2 "BUG: don't know how to print $1${2:+ (from $2)}"
 	return 1
 }
 
 # Compute and append pack trailer to "$1"
 pack_trailer () {
-	test-sha1 -b <"$1" >trailer.tmp &&
+	test-tool sha1 -b <"$1" >trailer.tmp &&
 	cat trailer.tmp >>"$1" &&
 	rm -f trailer.tmp
 }
diff --git a/t/lib-proto-disable.sh b/t/lib-proto-disable.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..83babe57d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-proto-disable.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+# Test routines for checking protocol disabling.
+
+# Test clone/fetch/push with GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL whitelist
+test_whitelist () {
+	desc=$1
+	proto=$2
+	url=$3
+
+	test_expect_success "clone $desc (enabled)" '
+		rm -rf tmp.git &&
+		(
+			GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL=$proto &&
+			export GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL &&
+			git clone --bare "$url" tmp.git
+		)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "fetch $desc (enabled)" '
+		(
+			cd tmp.git &&
+			GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL=$proto &&
+			export GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL &&
+			git fetch
+		)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "push $desc (enabled)" '
+		(
+			cd tmp.git &&
+			GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL=$proto &&
+			export GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL &&
+			git push origin HEAD:pushed
+		)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "push $desc (disabled)" '
+		(
+			cd tmp.git &&
+			GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL=none &&
+			export GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL &&
+			test_must_fail git push origin HEAD:pushed
+		)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "fetch $desc (disabled)" '
+		(
+			cd tmp.git &&
+			GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL=none &&
+			export GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL &&
+			test_must_fail git fetch
+		)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "clone $desc (disabled)" '
+		rm -rf tmp.git &&
+		(
+			GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL=none &&
+			export GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL &&
+			test_must_fail git clone --bare "$url" tmp.git
+		)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "clone $desc (env var has precedence)" '
+		rm -rf tmp.git &&
+		(
+			GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL=none &&
+			export GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL &&
+			test_must_fail git -c protocol.allow=always clone --bare "$url" tmp.git &&
+			test_must_fail git -c protocol.$proto.allow=always clone --bare "$url" tmp.git
+		)
+	'
+}
+
+test_config () {
+	desc=$1
+	proto=$2
+	url=$3
+
+	# Test clone/fetch/push with protocol.<type>.allow config
+	test_expect_success "clone $desc (enabled with config)" '
+		rm -rf tmp.git &&
+		git -c protocol.$proto.allow=always clone --bare "$url" tmp.git
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "fetch $desc (enabled)" '
+		git -C tmp.git -c protocol.$proto.allow=always fetch
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "push $desc (enabled)" '
+		git -C tmp.git -c protocol.$proto.allow=always  push origin HEAD:pushed
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "push $desc (disabled)" '
+		test_must_fail git -C tmp.git -c protocol.$proto.allow=never push origin HEAD:pushed
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "fetch $desc (disabled)" '
+		test_must_fail git -C tmp.git -c protocol.$proto.allow=never fetch
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "clone $desc (disabled)" '
+		rm -rf tmp.git &&
+		test_must_fail git -c protocol.$proto.allow=never clone --bare "$url" tmp.git
+	'
+
+	# Test clone/fetch/push with protocol.user.allow and its env var
+	test_expect_success "clone $desc (enabled)" '
+		rm -rf tmp.git &&
+		git -c protocol.$proto.allow=user clone --bare "$url" tmp.git
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "fetch $desc (enabled)" '
+		git -C tmp.git -c protocol.$proto.allow=user fetch
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "push $desc (enabled)" '
+		git -C tmp.git -c protocol.$proto.allow=user push origin HEAD:pushed
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "push $desc (disabled)" '
+		(
+			cd tmp.git &&
+			GIT_PROTOCOL_FROM_USER=0 &&
+			export GIT_PROTOCOL_FROM_USER &&
+			test_must_fail git -c protocol.$proto.allow=user push origin HEAD:pushed
+		)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "fetch $desc (disabled)" '
+		(
+			cd tmp.git &&
+			GIT_PROTOCOL_FROM_USER=0 &&
+			export GIT_PROTOCOL_FROM_USER &&
+			test_must_fail git -c protocol.$proto.allow=user fetch
+		)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "clone $desc (disabled)" '
+		rm -rf tmp.git &&
+		(
+			GIT_PROTOCOL_FROM_USER=0 &&
+			export GIT_PROTOCOL_FROM_USER &&
+			test_must_fail git -c protocol.$proto.allow=user clone --bare "$url" tmp.git
+		)
+	'
+
+	# Test clone/fetch/push with protocol.allow user defined default
+	test_expect_success "clone $desc (enabled)" '
+		rm -rf tmp.git &&
+		test_config_global protocol.allow always &&
+		git clone --bare "$url" tmp.git
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "fetch $desc (enabled)" '
+		test_config_global protocol.allow always &&
+		git -C tmp.git fetch
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "push $desc (enabled)" '
+		test_config_global protocol.allow always &&
+		git -C tmp.git push origin HEAD:pushed
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "push $desc (disabled)" '
+		test_config_global protocol.allow never &&
+		test_must_fail git -C tmp.git push origin HEAD:pushed
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "fetch $desc (disabled)" '
+		test_config_global protocol.allow never &&
+		test_must_fail git -C tmp.git fetch
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "clone $desc (disabled)" '
+		rm -rf tmp.git &&
+		test_config_global protocol.allow never &&
+		test_must_fail git clone --bare "$url" tmp.git
+	'
+}
+
+# test cloning a particular protocol
+#   $1 - description of the protocol
+#   $2 - machine-readable name of the protocol
+#   $3 - the URL to try cloning
+test_proto () {
+	test_whitelist "$@"
+
+	test_config "$@"
+}
+
+# set up an ssh wrapper that will access $host/$repo in the
+# trash directory, and enable it for subsequent tests.
+setup_ssh_wrapper () {
+	test_expect_success 'setup ssh wrapper' '
+		write_script ssh-wrapper <<-\EOF &&
+		echo >&2 "ssh: $*"
+		host=$1; shift
+		cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/$host" &&
+		eval "$*"
+		EOF
+		GIT_SSH="$PWD/ssh-wrapper" &&
+		export GIT_SSH &&
+		export TRASH_DIRECTORY
+	'
+}
+
+# set up a wrapper that can be used with remote-ext to
+# access repositories in the "remote" directory of trash-dir,
+# like "ext::fake-remote %S repo.git"
+setup_ext_wrapper () {
+	test_expect_success 'setup ext wrapper' '
+		write_script fake-remote <<-\EOF &&
+		echo >&2 "fake-remote: $*"
+		cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/remote" &&
+		eval "$*"
+		EOF
+		PATH=$TRASH_DIRECTORY:$PATH &&
+		export TRASH_DIRECTORY
+	'
+}
diff --git a/t/lib-rebase.sh b/t/lib-rebase.sh
index 6bd252212a..25a77ee5cb 100644
--- a/t/lib-rebase.sh
+++ b/t/lib-rebase.sh
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 #       specified line.
 #
 #   "<cmd> <lineno>" -- add a line with the specified command
-#       ("squash", "fixup", "edit", or "reword") and the SHA1 taken
+#       ("squash", "fixup", "edit", "reword" or "drop") and the SHA1 taken
 #       from the specified line.
 #
 #   "exec_cmd_with_args" -- add an "exec cmd with args" line.
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ set_fake_editor () {
 	*/COMMIT_EDITMSG)
 		test -z "$EXPECT_HEADER_COUNT" ||
 			test "$EXPECT_HEADER_COUNT" = "$(sed -n '1s/^# This is a combination of \(.*\) commits\./\1/p' < "$1")" ||
+			test "# # GETTEXT POISON #" = "$(sed -n '1p' < "$1")" ||
 			exit
 		test -z "$FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE" || echo "$FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE" > "$1"
 		test -z "$FAKE_COMMIT_AMEND" || echo "$FAKE_COMMIT_AMEND" >> "$1"
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ set_fake_editor () {
 	action=pick
 	for line in $FAKE_LINES; do
 		case $line in
-		squash|fixup|edit|reword)
+		squash|fixup|edit|reword|drop)
 			action="$line";;
 		exec*)
 			echo "$line" | sed 's/_/ /g' >> "$1";;
@@ -54,6 +55,11 @@ set_fake_editor () {
 			echo '# comment' >> "$1";;
 		">")
 			echo >> "$1";;
+		bad)
+			action="badcmd";;
+		fakesha)
+			echo "$action XXXXXXX False commit" >> "$1"
+			action=pick;;
 		*)
 			sed -n "${line}s/^pick/$action/p" < "$1".tmp >> "$1"
 			action=pick;;
diff --git a/t/lib-submodule-update.sh b/t/lib-submodule-update.sh
index 79cdd34a54..5b56b23166 100755
--- a/t/lib-submodule-update.sh
+++ b/t/lib-submodule-update.sh
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 # - New submodule (no_submodule => add_sub1)
 # - Removed submodule (add_sub1 => remove_sub1)
 # - Updated submodule (add_sub1 => modify_sub1)
+# - Updated submodule recursively (add_nested_sub => modify_sub1_recursively)
 # - Submodule updated to invalid commit (add_sub1 => invalid_sub1)
 # - Submodule updated from invalid commit (invalid_sub1 => valid_sub1)
 # - Submodule replaced by tracked files in directory (add_sub1 =>
@@ -15,23 +16,50 @@
 # - Tracked file replaced by submodule (replace_sub1_with_file =>
 #   replace_file_with_sub1)
 #
-#                   --O-----O
-#                  /  ^     replace_directory_with_sub1
-#                 /   replace_sub1_with_directory
-#                /----O
-#               /     ^
-#              /      modify_sub1
-#      O------O-------O
-#      ^      ^\      ^
-#      |      | \     remove_sub1
-#      |      |  -----O-----O
-#      |      |   \   ^     replace_file_with_sub1
-#      |      |    \  replace_sub1_with_file
-#      |   add_sub1 --O-----O
-# no_submodule        ^     valid_sub1
-#                     invalid_sub1
+#                     ----O
+#                    /    ^
+#                   /     remove_sub1
+#                  /
+#       add_sub1  /-------O---------O--------O  modify_sub1_recursively
+#             |  /        ^         add_nested_sub
+#             | /         modify_sub1
+#             v/
+#      O------O-----------O---------O
+#      ^       \          ^         replace_directory_with_sub1
+#      |        \         replace_sub1_with_directory
+# no_submodule   \
+#                 --------O---------O
+#                  \      ^         replace_file_with_sub1
+#                   \     replace_sub1_with_file
+#                    \
+#                     ----O---------O
+#                         ^         valid_sub1
+#                         invalid_sub1
 #
+
 create_lib_submodule_repo () {
+	git init submodule_update_sub1 &&
+	(
+		cd submodule_update_sub1 &&
+		echo "expect" >>.gitignore &&
+		echo "actual" >>.gitignore &&
+		echo "x" >file1 &&
+		echo "y" >file2 &&
+		git add .gitignore file1 file2 &&
+		git commit -m "Base inside first submodule" &&
+		git branch "no_submodule"
+	) &&
+	git init submodule_update_sub2 &&
+	(
+		cd submodule_update_sub2
+		echo "expect" >>.gitignore &&
+		echo "actual" >>.gitignore &&
+		echo "x" >file1 &&
+		echo "y" >file2 &&
+		git add .gitignore file1 file2 &&
+		git commit -m "nested submodule base" &&
+		git branch "no_submodule"
+	) &&
 	git init submodule_update_repo &&
 	(
 		cd submodule_update_repo &&
@@ -44,15 +72,17 @@ create_lib_submodule_repo () {
 		git branch "no_submodule" &&
 
 		git checkout -b "add_sub1" &&
-		git submodule add ./. sub1 &&
+		git submodule add ../submodule_update_sub1 sub1 &&
+		git submodule add ../submodule_update_sub1 uninitialized_sub &&
 		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub1.ignore all &&
 		git config submodule.sub1.ignore all &&
 		git add .gitmodules &&
 		git commit -m "Add sub1" &&
-		git checkout -b remove_sub1 &&
+
+		git checkout -b remove_sub1 add_sub1 &&
 		git revert HEAD &&
 
-		git checkout -b "modify_sub1" "add_sub1" &&
+		git checkout -b modify_sub1 add_sub1 &&
 		git submodule update &&
 		(
 			cd sub1 &&
@@ -67,33 +97,53 @@ create_lib_submodule_repo () {
 		git add sub1 &&
 		git commit -m "Modify sub1" &&
 
-		git checkout -b "replace_sub1_with_directory" "add_sub1" &&
+		git checkout -b add_nested_sub modify_sub1 &&
+		git -C sub1 checkout -b "add_nested_sub" &&
+		git -C sub1 submodule add --branch no_submodule ../submodule_update_sub2 sub2 &&
+		git -C sub1 commit -a -m "add a nested submodule" &&
+		git add sub1 &&
+		git commit -a -m "update submodule, that updates a nested submodule" &&
+		git checkout -b modify_sub1_recursively &&
+		git -C sub1 checkout -b modify_sub1_recursively &&
+		git -C sub1/sub2 checkout -b modify_sub1_recursively &&
+		echo change >sub1/sub2/file3 &&
+		git -C sub1/sub2 add file3 &&
+		git -C sub1/sub2 commit -m "make a change in nested sub" &&
+		git -C sub1 add sub2 &&
+		git -C sub1 commit -m "update nested sub" &&
+		git add sub1 &&
+		git commit -m "update sub1, that updates nested sub" &&
+		git -C sub1 push origin modify_sub1_recursively &&
+		git -C sub1/sub2 push origin modify_sub1_recursively &&
+		git -C sub1 submodule deinit -f --all &&
+
+		git checkout -b replace_sub1_with_directory add_sub1 &&
 		git submodule update &&
-		(
-			cd sub1 &&
-			git checkout modifications
-		) &&
+		git -C sub1 checkout modifications &&
 		git rm --cached sub1 &&
 		rm sub1/.git* &&
 		git config -f .gitmodules --remove-section "submodule.sub1" &&
 		git add .gitmodules sub1/* &&
 		git commit -m "Replace sub1 with directory" &&
+
 		git checkout -b replace_directory_with_sub1 &&
 		git revert HEAD &&
 
-		git checkout -b "replace_sub1_with_file" "add_sub1" &&
+		git checkout -b replace_sub1_with_file add_sub1 &&
 		git rm sub1 &&
 		echo "content" >sub1 &&
 		git add sub1 &&
 		git commit -m "Replace sub1 with file" &&
+
 		git checkout -b replace_file_with_sub1 &&
 		git revert HEAD &&
 
-		git checkout -b "invalid_sub1" "add_sub1" &&
+		git checkout -b invalid_sub1 add_sub1 &&
 		git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 0123456789012345678901234567890123456789 sub1 &&
 		git commit -m "Invalid sub1 commit" &&
 		git checkout -b valid_sub1 &&
 		git revert HEAD &&
+
 		git checkout master
 	)
 }
@@ -133,6 +183,15 @@ test_git_directory_is_unchanged () {
 	)
 }
 
+test_git_directory_exists() {
+	test -e ".git/modules/$1" &&
+	if test -f sub1/.git
+	then
+		# does core.worktree point at the right place?
+		test "$(git -C .git/modules/$1 config core.worktree)" = "../../../$1"
+	fi
+}
+
 # Helper function to be executed at the start of every test below, it sets up
 # the submodule repo if it doesn't exist and configures the most problematic
 # settings for diff.ignoreSubmodules.
@@ -154,15 +213,36 @@ reset_work_tree_to () {
 		git checkout -f "$1" &&
 		git status -u -s >actual &&
 		test_must_be_empty actual &&
-		sha1=$(git rev-parse --revs-only HEAD:sub1) &&
-		if test -n "$sha1" &&
-		   test $(cd "sub1" && git rev-parse --verify "$sha1^{commit}")
+		hash=$(git rev-parse --revs-only HEAD:sub1) &&
+		if test -n "$hash" &&
+		   test $(cd "../submodule_update_sub1" && git rev-parse --verify "$hash^{commit}")
 		then
 			git submodule update --init --recursive "sub1"
 		fi
 	)
 }
 
+reset_work_tree_to_interested () {
+	reset_work_tree_to $1 &&
+	# make the submodule git dirs available
+	if ! test -d submodule_update/.git/modules/sub1
+	then
+		mkdir -p submodule_update/.git/modules &&
+		cp -r submodule_update_repo/.git/modules/sub1 submodule_update/.git/modules/sub1
+		GIT_WORK_TREE=. git -C submodule_update/.git/modules/sub1 config --unset core.worktree
+	fi &&
+	if ! test -d submodule_update/.git/modules/sub1/modules/sub2
+	then
+		mkdir -p submodule_update/.git/modules/sub1/modules &&
+		cp -r submodule_update_repo/.git/modules/sub1/modules/sub2 submodule_update/.git/modules/sub1/modules/sub2
+		# core.worktree is unset for sub2 as it is not checked out
+	fi &&
+	# indicate we are interested in the submodule:
+	git -C submodule_update config submodule.sub1.url "bogus" &&
+	# sub1 might not be checked out, so use the git dir
+	git -C submodule_update/.git/modules/sub1 config submodule.sub2.url "bogus"
+}
+
 # Test that the superproject contains the content according to commit "$1"
 # (the work tree must match the index for everything but submodules but the
 # index must exactly match the given commit including any submodule SHA-1s).
@@ -176,6 +256,11 @@ test_superproject_content () {
 # Test that the given submodule at path "$1" contains the content according
 # to the submodule commit recorded in the superproject's commit "$2"
 test_submodule_content () {
+	if test x"$1" = "x-C"
+	then
+		cd "$2"
+		shift; shift;
+	fi
 	if test $# != 2
 	then
 		echo "test_submodule_content needs two arguments"
@@ -221,9 +306,9 @@ test_submodule_content () {
 # to protect the history!
 #
 
-# Test that submodule contents are currently not updated when switching
-# between commits that change a submodule.
-test_submodule_switch () {
+# Internal function; use test_submodule_switch() or
+# test_submodule_forced_switch() instead.
+test_submodule_switch_common() {
 	command="$1"
 	######################### Appearing submodule #########################
 	# Switching to a commit letting a submodule appear creates empty dir ...
@@ -247,7 +332,7 @@ test_submodule_switch () {
 			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/add_sub1
 		)
 	'
-	# ... and doesn't care if it already exists ...
+	# ... and doesn't care if it already exists.
 	test_expect_$RESULT "$command: added submodule leaves existing empty directory alone" '
 		prolog &&
 		reset_work_tree_to no_submodule &&
@@ -262,19 +347,6 @@ test_submodule_switch () {
 			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/add_sub1
 		)
 	'
-	# ... unless there is an untracked file in its place.
-	test_expect_success "$command: added submodule doesn't remove untracked unignored file with same name" '
-		prolog &&
-		reset_work_tree_to no_submodule &&
-		(
-			cd submodule_update &&
-			git branch -t add_sub1 origin/add_sub1 &&
-			>sub1 &&
-			test_must_fail $command add_sub1 &&
-			test_superproject_content origin/no_submodule &&
-			test_must_be_empty sub1
-		)
-	'
 	# Replacing a tracked file with a submodule produces an empty
 	# directory ...
 	test_expect_$RESULT "$command: replace tracked file with submodule creates empty directory" '
@@ -356,6 +428,11 @@ test_submodule_switch () {
 		# submodule files with the newly checked out ones in the
 		# directory of the same name while it shouldn't.
 		RESULT="failure"
+	elif test "$KNOWN_FAILURE_FORCED_SWITCH_TESTS" = 1
+	then
+		# All existing tests that use test_submodule_forced_switch()
+		# require this.
+		RESULT="failure"
 	else
 		RESULT="success"
 	fi
@@ -437,7 +514,6 @@ test_submodule_switch () {
 			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/modify_sub1
 		)
 	'
-
 	# Updating a submodule to an invalid sha1 doesn't update the
 	# submodule's work tree, subsequent update will fail
 	test_expect_$RESULT "$command: modified submodule does not update submodule work tree to invalid commit" '
@@ -470,211 +546,488 @@ test_submodule_switch () {
 	'
 }
 
-# Test that submodule contents are currently not updated when switching
-# between commits that change a submodule, but throwing away local changes in
+# Declares and invokes several tests that, in various situations, checks that
+# the provided transition function:
+#  - succeeds in updating the worktree and index of a superproject to a target
+#    commit, or fails atomically (depending on the test situation)
+#  - if succeeds, the contents of submodule directories are unchanged
+#  - if succeeds, once "git submodule update" is invoked, the contents of
+#    submodule directories are updated
+#
+# If the command under test is known to not work with submodules in certain
+# conditions, set the appropriate KNOWN_FAILURE_* variable used in the tests
+# below to 1.
+#
+# Use as follows:
+#
+# my_func () {
+#   target=$1
+#   # Do something here that updates the worktree and index to match target,
+#   # but not any submodule directories.
+# }
+# test_submodule_switch "my_func"
+test_submodule_switch () {
+	command="$1"
+	test_submodule_switch_common "$command"
+
+	# An empty directory does not prevent the creation of a submodule of
+	# the same name, but a file does.
+	test_expect_success "$command: added submodule doesn't remove untracked unignored file with same name" '
+		prolog &&
+		reset_work_tree_to no_submodule &&
+		(
+			cd submodule_update &&
+			git branch -t add_sub1 origin/add_sub1 &&
+			>sub1 &&
+			test_must_fail $command add_sub1 &&
+			test_superproject_content origin/no_submodule &&
+			test_must_be_empty sub1
+		)
+	'
+}
+
+# Same as test_submodule_switch(), except that throwing away local changes in
 # the superproject is allowed.
 test_submodule_forced_switch () {
 	command="$1"
-	######################### Appearing submodule #########################
-	# Switching to a commit letting a submodule appear creates empty dir ...
-	test_expect_success "$command: added submodule creates empty directory" '
+	KNOWN_FAILURE_FORCED_SWITCH_TESTS=1
+	test_submodule_switch_common "$command"
+
+	# When forced, a file in the superproject does not prevent creating a
+	# submodule of the same name.
+	test_expect_success "$command: added submodule does remove untracked unignored file with same name when forced" '
 		prolog &&
 		reset_work_tree_to no_submodule &&
 		(
 			cd submodule_update &&
 			git branch -t add_sub1 origin/add_sub1 &&
+			>sub1 &&
 			$command add_sub1 &&
 			test_superproject_content origin/add_sub1 &&
-			test_dir_is_empty sub1 &&
-			git submodule update --init --recursive &&
-			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/add_sub1
+			test_dir_is_empty sub1
 		)
 	'
-	# ... and doesn't care if it already exists ...
-	test_expect_success "$command: added submodule leaves existing empty directory alone" '
+}
+
+# Test that submodule contents are correctly updated when switching
+# between commits that change a submodule.
+# Test that the following transitions are correctly handled:
+# (These tests are also above in the case where we expect no change
+#  in the submodule)
+# - Updated submodule
+# - New submodule
+# - Removed submodule
+# - Directory containing tracked files replaced by submodule
+# - Submodule replaced by tracked files in directory
+# - Submodule replaced by tracked file with the same name
+# - tracked file replaced by submodule
+#
+# New test cases
+# - Removing a submodule with a git directory absorbs the submodules
+#   git directory first into the superproject.
+
+# Internal function; use test_submodule_switch_recursing_with_args() or
+# test_submodule_forced_switch_recursing_with_args() instead.
+test_submodule_recursing_with_args_common() {
+	command="$1"
+
+	######################### Appearing submodule #########################
+	# Switching to a commit letting a submodule appear checks it out ...
+	test_expect_success "$command: added submodule is checked out" '
 		prolog &&
-		reset_work_tree_to no_submodule &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested no_submodule &&
 		(
 			cd submodule_update &&
 			git branch -t add_sub1 origin/add_sub1 &&
-			mkdir sub1 &&
 			$command add_sub1 &&
 			test_superproject_content origin/add_sub1 &&
-			test_dir_is_empty sub1 &&
-			git submodule update --init --recursive &&
 			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/add_sub1
 		)
 	'
-	# ... unless there is an untracked file in its place.
-	test_expect_success "$command: added submodule does remove untracked unignored file with same name when forced" '
+	# ... ignoring an empty existing directory.
+	test_expect_success "$command: added submodule is checked out in empty dir" '
 		prolog &&
-		reset_work_tree_to no_submodule &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested no_submodule &&
 		(
 			cd submodule_update &&
+			mkdir sub1 &&
 			git branch -t add_sub1 origin/add_sub1 &&
-			>sub1 &&
 			$command add_sub1 &&
 			test_superproject_content origin/add_sub1 &&
-			test_dir_is_empty sub1
+			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/add_sub1
 		)
 	'
-	# Replacing a tracked file with a submodule produces an empty
-	# directory ...
-	test_expect_success "$command: replace tracked file with submodule creates empty directory" '
+	test_expect_success "$command: submodule branch is not changed, detach HEAD instead" '
 		prolog &&
-		reset_work_tree_to replace_sub1_with_file &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested add_sub1 &&
+		(
+			cd submodule_update &&
+			git -C sub1 checkout -b keep_branch &&
+			git -C sub1 rev-parse HEAD >expect &&
+			git branch -t modify_sub1 origin/modify_sub1 &&
+			$command modify_sub1 &&
+			test_superproject_content origin/modify_sub1 &&
+			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/modify_sub1 &&
+			git -C sub1 rev-parse keep_branch >actual &&
+			test_cmp expect actual &&
+			test_must_fail git -C sub1 symbolic-ref HEAD
+		)
+	'
+
+	# Replacing a tracked file with a submodule produces a checked out submodule
+	test_expect_success "$command: replace tracked file with submodule checks out submodule" '
+		prolog &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested replace_sub1_with_file &&
 		(
 			cd submodule_update &&
 			git branch -t replace_file_with_sub1 origin/replace_file_with_sub1 &&
 			$command replace_file_with_sub1 &&
 			test_superproject_content origin/replace_file_with_sub1 &&
-			test_dir_is_empty sub1 &&
-			git submodule update --init --recursive &&
 			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/replace_file_with_sub1
 		)
 	'
-	# ... as does removing a directory with tracked files with a
-	# submodule.
+	# ... as does removing a directory with tracked files with a submodule.
 	test_expect_success "$command: replace directory with submodule" '
 		prolog &&
-		reset_work_tree_to replace_sub1_with_directory &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested replace_sub1_with_directory &&
 		(
 			cd submodule_update &&
 			git branch -t replace_directory_with_sub1 origin/replace_directory_with_sub1 &&
 			$command replace_directory_with_sub1 &&
 			test_superproject_content origin/replace_directory_with_sub1 &&
-			test_dir_is_empty sub1 &&
-			git submodule update --init --recursive &&
 			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/replace_directory_with_sub1
 		)
 	'
 
 	######################## Disappearing submodule #######################
-	# Removing a submodule doesn't remove its work tree ...
-	test_expect_success "$command: removed submodule leaves submodule directory and its contents in place" '
+	# Removing a submodule removes its work tree ...
+	test_expect_success "$command: removed submodule removes submodules working tree" '
 		prolog &&
-		reset_work_tree_to add_sub1 &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested add_sub1 &&
 		(
 			cd submodule_update &&
 			git branch -t remove_sub1 origin/remove_sub1 &&
 			$command remove_sub1 &&
 			test_superproject_content origin/remove_sub1 &&
-			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/add_sub1
+			! test -e sub1 &&
+			test_must_fail git config -f .git/modules/sub1/config core.worktree
 		)
 	'
-	# ... especially when it contains a .git directory.
-	test_expect_success "$command: removed submodule leaves submodule containing a .git directory alone" '
+	# ... absorbing a .git directory along the way.
+	test_expect_success "$command: removed submodule absorbs submodules .git directory" '
 		prolog &&
-		reset_work_tree_to add_sub1 &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested add_sub1 &&
 		(
 			cd submodule_update &&
 			git branch -t remove_sub1 origin/remove_sub1 &&
 			replace_gitfile_with_git_dir sub1 &&
+			rm -rf .git/modules &&
 			$command remove_sub1 &&
 			test_superproject_content origin/remove_sub1 &&
-			test_git_directory_is_unchanged sub1 &&
-			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/add_sub1
+			! test -e sub1 &&
+			test_git_directory_exists sub1
 		)
 	'
-	# Replacing a submodule with files in a directory must fail as the
-	# submodule work tree isn't removed ...
-	test_expect_failure "$command: replace submodule with a directory must fail" '
+
+	# Replacing it with a file ...
+	test_expect_success "$command: replace submodule with a file" '
 		prolog &&
-		reset_work_tree_to add_sub1 &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested add_sub1 &&
 		(
 			cd submodule_update &&
-			git branch -t replace_sub1_with_directory origin/replace_sub1_with_directory &&
-			test_must_fail $command replace_sub1_with_directory &&
+			git branch -t replace_sub1_with_file origin/replace_sub1_with_file &&
+			$command replace_sub1_with_file &&
+			test_superproject_content origin/replace_sub1_with_file &&
+			test -f sub1
+		)
+	'
+	RESULTDS=success
+	if test "$KNOWN_FAILURE_DIRECTORY_SUBMODULE_CONFLICTS" = 1
+	then
+		RESULTDS=failure
+	fi
+	# ... must check its local work tree for untracked files
+	test_expect_$RESULTDS "$command: replace submodule with a file must fail with untracked files" '
+		prolog &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested add_sub1 &&
+		(
+			cd submodule_update &&
+			git branch -t replace_sub1_with_file origin/replace_sub1_with_file &&
+			: >sub1/untrackedfile &&
+			test_must_fail $command replace_sub1_with_file &&
 			test_superproject_content origin/add_sub1 &&
-			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/add_sub1
+			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/add_sub1 &&
+			test -f sub1/untracked_file
 		)
 	'
-	# ... especially when it contains a .git directory.
-	test_expect_failure "$command: replace submodule containing a .git directory with a directory must fail" '
+
+	########################## Modified submodule #########################
+	# Updating a submodule sha1 updates the submodule's work tree
+	test_expect_success "$command: modified submodule updates submodule work tree" '
 		prolog &&
-		reset_work_tree_to add_sub1 &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested add_sub1 &&
 		(
 			cd submodule_update &&
-			git branch -t replace_sub1_with_directory origin/replace_sub1_with_directory &&
-			replace_gitfile_with_git_dir sub1 &&
-			test_must_fail $command replace_sub1_with_directory &&
+			git branch -t modify_sub1 origin/modify_sub1 &&
+			$command modify_sub1 &&
+			test_superproject_content origin/modify_sub1 &&
+			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/modify_sub1
+		)
+	'
+	# Updating a submodule to an invalid sha1 doesn't update the
+	# superproject nor the submodule's work tree.
+	test_expect_success "$command: updating to a missing submodule commit fails" '
+		prolog &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested add_sub1 &&
+		(
+			cd submodule_update &&
+			git branch -t invalid_sub1 origin/invalid_sub1 &&
+			test_must_fail $command invalid_sub1 2>err &&
+			test_i18ngrep sub1 err &&
 			test_superproject_content origin/add_sub1 &&
-			test_git_directory_is_unchanged sub1 &&
 			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/add_sub1
 		)
 	'
-	# Replacing it with a file must fail as it could throw away any local
-	# work tree changes ...
-	test_expect_failure "$command: replace submodule with a file must fail" '
+}
+
+# Declares and invokes several tests that, in various situations, checks that
+# the provided Git command, when invoked with --recurse-submodules:
+#  - succeeds in updating the worktree and index of a superproject to a target
+#    commit, or fails atomically (depending on the test situation)
+#  - if succeeds, the contents of submodule directories are updated
+#
+# Specify the Git command so that "git $GIT_COMMAND --recurse-submodules"
+# works.
+#
+# If the command under test is known to not work with submodules in certain
+# conditions, set the appropriate KNOWN_FAILURE_* variable used in the tests
+# below to 1.
+#
+# Use as follows:
+#
+# test_submodule_switch_recursing_with_args "$GIT_COMMAND"
+test_submodule_switch_recursing_with_args () {
+	cmd_args="$1"
+	command="git $cmd_args --recurse-submodules"
+	test_submodule_recursing_with_args_common "$command"
+
+	RESULTDS=success
+	if test "$KNOWN_FAILURE_DIRECTORY_SUBMODULE_CONFLICTS" = 1
+	then
+		RESULTDS=failure
+	fi
+	RESULTOI=success
+	if test "$KNOWN_FAILURE_SUBMODULE_OVERWRITE_IGNORED_UNTRACKED" = 1
+	then
+		RESULTOI=failure
+	fi
+	# Switching to a commit letting a submodule appear cannot override an
+	# untracked file.
+	test_expect_success "$command: added submodule doesn't remove untracked file with same name" '
 		prolog &&
-		reset_work_tree_to add_sub1 &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested no_submodule &&
 		(
 			cd submodule_update &&
-			git branch -t replace_sub1_with_file origin/replace_sub1_with_file &&
-			test_must_fail $command replace_sub1_with_file &&
+			git branch -t add_sub1 origin/add_sub1 &&
+			: >sub1 &&
+			test_must_fail $command add_sub1 &&
+			test_superproject_content origin/no_submodule &&
+			test_must_be_empty sub1
+		)
+	'
+	# ... but an ignored file is fine.
+	test_expect_$RESULTOI "$command: added submodule removes an untracked ignored file" '
+		test_when_finished "rm submodule_update/.git/info/exclude" &&
+		prolog &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested no_submodule &&
+		(
+			cd submodule_update &&
+			git branch -t add_sub1 origin/add_sub1 &&
+			: >sub1 &&
+			echo sub1 >.git/info/exclude &&
+			$command add_sub1 &&
 			test_superproject_content origin/add_sub1 &&
 			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/add_sub1
 		)
 	'
-	# ... or even destroy unpushed parts of submodule history if that
-	# still uses a .git directory.
-	test_expect_failure "$command: replace submodule containing a .git directory with a file must fail" '
+
+	# Replacing a submodule with files in a directory must succeeds
+	# when the submodule is clean
+	test_expect_$RESULTDS "$command: replace submodule with a directory" '
 		prolog &&
-		reset_work_tree_to add_sub1 &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested add_sub1 &&
 		(
 			cd submodule_update &&
-			git branch -t replace_sub1_with_file origin/replace_sub1_with_file &&
+			git branch -t replace_sub1_with_directory origin/replace_sub1_with_directory &&
+			$command replace_sub1_with_directory &&
+			test_superproject_content origin/replace_sub1_with_directory &&
+			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/replace_sub1_with_directory
+		)
+	'
+	# ... absorbing a .git directory.
+	test_expect_$RESULTDS "$command: replace submodule containing a .git directory with a directory must absorb the git dir" '
+		prolog &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested add_sub1 &&
+		(
+			cd submodule_update &&
+			git branch -t replace_sub1_with_directory origin/replace_sub1_with_directory &&
 			replace_gitfile_with_git_dir sub1 &&
-			test_must_fail $command replace_sub1_with_file &&
-			test_superproject_content origin/add_sub1 &&
-			test_git_directory_is_unchanged sub1 &&
-			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/add_sub1
+			rm -rf .git/modules &&
+			$command replace_sub1_with_directory &&
+			test_superproject_content origin/replace_sub1_with_directory &&
+			test_git_directory_exists sub1
 		)
 	'
 
-	########################## Modified submodule #########################
-	# Updating a submodule sha1 doesn't update the submodule's work tree
-	test_expect_success "$command: modified submodule does not update submodule work tree" '
+	# ... and ignored files are ignored
+	test_expect_success "$command: replace submodule with a file works ignores ignored files in submodule" '
+		test_when_finished "rm submodule_update/.git/modules/sub1/info/exclude" &&
 		prolog &&
-		reset_work_tree_to add_sub1 &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested add_sub1 &&
+		(
+			cd submodule_update &&
+			git branch -t replace_sub1_with_file origin/replace_sub1_with_file &&
+			echo ignored >.git/modules/sub1/info/exclude &&
+			: >sub1/ignored &&
+			$command replace_sub1_with_file &&
+			test_superproject_content origin/replace_sub1_with_file &&
+			test -f sub1
+		)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "git -c submodule.recurse=true $cmd_args: modified submodule updates submodule work tree" '
+		prolog &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested add_sub1 &&
 		(
 			cd submodule_update &&
 			git branch -t modify_sub1 origin/modify_sub1 &&
-			$command modify_sub1 &&
+			git -c submodule.recurse=true $cmd_args modify_sub1 &&
 			test_superproject_content origin/modify_sub1 &&
-			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/add_sub1 &&
-			git submodule update &&
 			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/modify_sub1
 		)
 	'
-	# Updating a submodule to an invalid sha1 doesn't update the
-	# submodule's work tree, subsequent update will fail
-	test_expect_success "$command: modified submodule does not update submodule work tree to invalid commit" '
+
+	# recursing deeper than one level doesn't work yet.
+	test_expect_success "$command: modified submodule updates submodule recursively" '
 		prolog &&
-		reset_work_tree_to add_sub1 &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested add_nested_sub &&
 		(
 			cd submodule_update &&
-			git branch -t invalid_sub1 origin/invalid_sub1 &&
-			$command invalid_sub1 &&
-			test_superproject_content origin/invalid_sub1 &&
-			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/add_sub1 &&
-			test_must_fail git submodule update &&
+			git branch -t modify_sub1_recursively origin/modify_sub1_recursively &&
+			$command modify_sub1_recursively &&
+			test_superproject_content origin/modify_sub1_recursively &&
+			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/modify_sub1_recursively &&
+			test_submodule_content -C sub1 sub2 origin/modify_sub1_recursively
+		)
+	'
+}
+
+# Same as test_submodule_switch_recursing_with_args(), except that throwing
+# away local changes in the superproject is allowed.
+test_submodule_forced_switch_recursing_with_args () {
+	cmd_args="$1"
+	command="git $cmd_args --recurse-submodules"
+	test_submodule_recursing_with_args_common "$command"
+
+	RESULT=success
+	if test "$KNOWN_FAILURE_DIRECTORY_SUBMODULE_CONFLICTS" = 1
+	then
+		RESULT=failure
+	fi
+	# Switching to a commit letting a submodule appear does not care about
+	# an untracked file.
+	test_expect_success "$command: added submodule does remove untracked unignored file with same name when forced" '
+		prolog &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested no_submodule &&
+		(
+			cd submodule_update &&
+			git branch -t add_sub1 origin/add_sub1 &&
+			>sub1 &&
+			$command add_sub1 &&
+			test_superproject_content origin/add_sub1 &&
 			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/add_sub1
 		)
 	'
-	# Updating a submodule from an invalid sha1 doesn't update the
-	# submodule's work tree, subsequent update will succeed
-	test_expect_success "$command: modified submodule does not update submodule work tree from invalid commit" '
+
+	# Replacing a submodule with files in a directory ...
+	test_expect_success "$command: replace submodule with a directory" '
 		prolog &&
-		reset_work_tree_to invalid_sub1 &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested add_sub1 &&
+		(
+			cd submodule_update &&
+			git branch -t replace_sub1_with_directory origin/replace_sub1_with_directory &&
+			$command replace_sub1_with_directory &&
+			test_superproject_content origin/replace_sub1_with_directory
+		)
+	'
+	# ... absorbing a .git directory.
+	test_expect_success "$command: replace submodule containing a .git directory with a directory must fail" '
+		prolog &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested add_sub1 &&
+		(
+			cd submodule_update &&
+			git branch -t replace_sub1_with_directory origin/replace_sub1_with_directory &&
+			replace_gitfile_with_git_dir sub1 &&
+			rm -rf .git/modules/sub1 &&
+			$command replace_sub1_with_directory &&
+			test_superproject_content origin/replace_sub1_with_directory &&
+			test_git_directory_exists sub1
+		)
+	'
+
+	# ... even if the submodule contains ignored files
+	test_expect_success "$command: replace submodule with a file ignoring ignored files" '
+		prolog &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested add_sub1 &&
+		(
+			cd submodule_update &&
+			git branch -t replace_sub1_with_file origin/replace_sub1_with_file &&
+			: >sub1/expect &&
+			$command replace_sub1_with_file &&
+			test_superproject_content origin/replace_sub1_with_file
+		)
+	'
+
+	# Updating a submodule from an invalid sha1 updates
+	test_expect_success "$command: modified submodule does update submodule work tree from invalid commit" '
+		prolog &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested invalid_sub1 &&
 		(
 			cd submodule_update &&
 			git branch -t valid_sub1 origin/valid_sub1 &&
 			$command valid_sub1 &&
 			test_superproject_content origin/valid_sub1 &&
-			test_dir_is_empty sub1 &&
-			git submodule update --init --recursive &&
 			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/valid_sub1
 		)
 	'
+
+	# Old versions of Git were buggy writing the .git link file
+	# (e.g. before f8eaa0ba98b and then moving the superproject repo
+	# whose submodules contained absolute paths)
+	test_expect_success "$command: updating submodules fixes .git links" '
+		prolog &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested add_sub1 &&
+		(
+			cd submodule_update &&
+			git branch -t modify_sub1 origin/modify_sub1 &&
+			echo "gitdir: bogus/path" >sub1/.git &&
+			$command modify_sub1 &&
+			test_superproject_content origin/modify_sub1 &&
+			test_submodule_content sub1 origin/modify_sub1
+		)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "$command: changed submodule worktree is reset" '
+		prolog &&
+		reset_work_tree_to_interested add_sub1 &&
+		(
+			cd submodule_update &&
+			rm sub1/file1 &&
+			: >sub1/new_file &&
+			git -C sub1 add new_file &&
+			$command HEAD &&
+			test_path_is_file sub1/file1 &&
+			test_path_is_missing sub1/new_file
+		)
+	'
 }
diff --git a/t/lib-t6000.sh b/t/lib-t6000.sh
index 3f2d873fec..b0ed4767e3 100644
--- a/t/lib-t6000.sh
+++ b/t/lib-t6000.sh
@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@ mkdir -p .git/refs/tags
 
 >sed.script
 
-# Answer the sha1 has associated with the tag. The tag must exist in .git/refs/tags
+# Answer the sha1 has associated with the tag. The tag must exist under refs/tags
 tag () {
 	_tag=$1
-	test -f ".git/refs/tags/$_tag" || error "tag: \"$_tag\" does not exist"
-	cat ".git/refs/tags/$_tag"
+	git rev-parse --verify "refs/tags/$_tag" ||
+	error "tag: \"$_tag\" does not exist"
 }
 
 # Generate a commit using the text specified to make it unique and the tree
diff --git a/t/lib-terminal.sh b/t/lib-terminal.sh
index cd220e378e..e3809dcead 100644
--- a/t/lib-terminal.sh
+++ b/t/lib-terminal.sh
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ test_terminal () {
 		echo >&4 "test_terminal: need to declare TTY prerequisite"
 		return 127
 	fi
-	perl "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test-terminal.perl "$@"
-}
+	perl "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test-terminal.perl "$@" 2>&7
+} 7>&2 2>&4
 
 test_lazy_prereq TTY '
 	test_have_prereq PERL &&
diff --git a/t/perf/README b/t/perf/README
index 8848c14619..21321a0f36 100644
--- a/t/perf/README
+++ b/t/perf/README
@@ -60,7 +60,22 @@ You can set the following variables (also in your config.mak):
 
     GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS
 	Options to use when automatically building a git tree for
-	performance testing.  E.g., -j6 would be useful.
+	performance testing. E.g., -j6 would be useful. Passed
+	directly to make as "make $GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS".
+
+    GIT_PERF_MAKE_COMMAND
+	An arbitrary command that'll be run in place of the make
+	command, if set the GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS variable is
+	ignored. Useful in cases where source tree changes might
+	require issuing a different make command to different
+	revisions.
+
+	This can be (ab)used to monkeypatch or otherwise change the
+	tree about to be built. Note that the build directory can be
+	re-used for subsequent runs so the make command might get
+	executed multiple times on the same tree, but don't count on
+	any of that, that's an implementation detail that might change
+	in the future.
 
     GIT_PERF_REPO
     GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO
@@ -106,6 +121,7 @@ sources perf-lib.sh:
 
 After that you will want to use some of the following:
 
+	test_perf_fresh_repo    # sets up an empty repository
 	test_perf_default_repo  # sets up a "normal" repository
 	test_perf_large_repo    # sets up a "large" repository
 
@@ -115,8 +131,16 @@ After that you will want to use some of the following:
 
 At least one of the first two is required!
 
-You can use test_expect_success as usual.  For actual performance
-tests, use
+You can use test_expect_success as usual. In both test_expect_success
+and in test_perf, running "git" points to the version that is being
+perf-tested. The $MODERN_GIT variable points to the git wrapper for the
+currently checked-out version (i.e., the one that matches the t/perf
+scripts you are running).  This is useful if your setup uses commands
+that only work with newer versions of git than what you might want to
+test (but obviously your new commands must still create a state that can
+be used by the older version of git you are testing).
+
+For actual performance tests, use
 
 	test_perf 'descriptive string' '
 		command1 &&
diff --git a/t/perf/aggregate.perl b/t/perf/aggregate.perl
index 15f7fc1b80..bc865160e7 100755
--- a/t/perf/aggregate.perl
+++ b/t/perf/aggregate.perl
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 #!/usr/bin/perl
 
+use lib '../../perl/build/lib';
 use strict;
 use warnings;
+use JSON;
+use Getopt::Long;
 use Git;
 
 sub get_times {
@@ -34,7 +37,31 @@ sub format_times {
 	return $out;
 }
 
-my (@dirs, %dirnames, %dirabbrevs, %prefixes, @tests);
+sub usage {
+	print <<EOT;
+./aggregate.perl [options] [--] [<dir_or_rev>...] [--] [<test_script>...] >
+
+  Options:
+    --codespeed          * Format output for Codespeed
+    --reponame    <str>  * Send given reponame to codespeed
+    --sort-by     <str>  * Sort output (only "regression" criteria is supported)
+    --subsection  <str>  * Use results from given subsection
+
+EOT
+	exit(1);
+}
+
+my (@dirs, %dirnames, %dirabbrevs, %prefixes, @tests,
+    $codespeed, $sortby, $subsection, $reponame);
+
+Getopt::Long::Configure qw/ require_order /;
+
+my $rc = GetOptions("codespeed"     => \$codespeed,
+		    "reponame=s"    => \$reponame,
+		    "sort-by=s"     => \$sortby,
+		    "subsection=s"  => \$subsection);
+usage() unless $rc;
+
 while (scalar @ARGV) {
 	my $arg = $ARGV[0];
 	my $dir;
@@ -68,12 +95,24 @@ if (not @tests) {
 	@tests = glob "p????-*.sh";
 }
 
+my $resultsdir = "test-results";
+
+if (! $subsection and
+    exists $ENV{GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION} and
+    $ENV{GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION} ne "") {
+	$subsection = $ENV{GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION};
+}
+
+if ($subsection) {
+	$resultsdir .= "/" . $subsection;
+}
+
 my @subtests;
 my %shorttests;
 for my $t (@tests) {
 	$t =~ s{(?:.*/)?(p(\d+)-[^/]+)\.sh$}{$1} or die "bad test name: $t";
 	my $n = $2;
-	my $fname = "test-results/$t.subtests";
+	my $fname = "$resultsdir/$t.subtests";
 	open my $fp, "<", $fname or die "cannot open $fname: $!";
 	for (<$fp>) {
 		chomp;
@@ -87,19 +126,13 @@ for my $t (@tests) {
 sub read_descr {
 	my $name = shift;
 	open my $fh, "<", $name or return "<error reading description>";
+	binmode $fh, ":utf8" or die "PANIC on binmode: $!";
 	my $line = <$fh>;
 	close $fh or die "cannot close $name";
 	chomp $line;
 	return $line;
 }
 
-my %descrs;
-my $descrlen = 4; # "Test"
-for my $t (@subtests) {
-	$descrs{$t} = $shorttests{$t}.": ".read_descr("test-results/$t.descr");
-	$descrlen = length $descrs{$t} if length $descrs{$t}>$descrlen;
-}
-
 sub have_duplicate {
 	my %seen;
 	for (@_) {
@@ -115,52 +148,168 @@ sub have_slash {
 	return 0;
 }
 
-my %newdirabbrevs = %dirabbrevs;
-while (!have_duplicate(values %newdirabbrevs)) {
-	%dirabbrevs = %newdirabbrevs;
-	last if !have_slash(values %dirabbrevs);
-	%newdirabbrevs = %dirabbrevs;
-	for (values %newdirabbrevs) {
-		s{^[^/]*/}{};
-	}
+sub display_dir {
+	my ($d) = @_;
+	return exists $dirabbrevs{$d} ? $dirabbrevs{$d} : $dirnames{$d};
 }
 
-my %times;
-my @colwidth = ((0)x@dirs);
-for my $i (0..$#dirs) {
-	my $d = $dirs[$i];
-	my $w = length (exists $dirabbrevs{$d} ? $dirabbrevs{$d} : $dirnames{$d});
-	$colwidth[$i] = $w if $w > $colwidth[$i];
-}
-for my $t (@subtests) {
-	my $firstr;
+sub print_default_results {
+	my %descrs;
+	my $descrlen = 4; # "Test"
+	for my $t (@subtests) {
+		$descrs{$t} = $shorttests{$t}.": ".read_descr("$resultsdir/$t.descr");
+		$descrlen = length $descrs{$t} if length $descrs{$t}>$descrlen;
+	}
+
+	my %newdirabbrevs = %dirabbrevs;
+	while (!have_duplicate(values %newdirabbrevs)) {
+		%dirabbrevs = %newdirabbrevs;
+		last if !have_slash(values %dirabbrevs);
+		%newdirabbrevs = %dirabbrevs;
+		for (values %newdirabbrevs) {
+			s{^[^/]*/}{};
+		}
+	}
+
+	my %times;
+	my @colwidth = ((0)x@dirs);
 	for my $i (0..$#dirs) {
-		my $d = $dirs[$i];
-		$times{$prefixes{$d}.$t} = [get_times("test-results/$prefixes{$d}$t.times")];
-		my ($r,$u,$s) = @{$times{$prefixes{$d}.$t}};
-		my $w = length format_times($r,$u,$s,$firstr);
+		my $w = length display_dir($dirs[$i]);
 		$colwidth[$i] = $w if $w > $colwidth[$i];
-		$firstr = $r unless defined $firstr;
 	}
-}
-my $totalwidth = 3*@dirs+$descrlen;
-$totalwidth += $_ for (@colwidth);
+	for my $t (@subtests) {
+		my $firstr;
+		for my $i (0..$#dirs) {
+			my $d = $dirs[$i];
+			$times{$prefixes{$d}.$t} = [get_times("$resultsdir/$prefixes{$d}$t.times")];
+			my ($r,$u,$s) = @{$times{$prefixes{$d}.$t}};
+			my $w = length format_times($r,$u,$s,$firstr);
+			$colwidth[$i] = $w if $w > $colwidth[$i];
+			$firstr = $r unless defined $firstr;
+		}
+	}
+	my $totalwidth = 3*@dirs+$descrlen;
+	$totalwidth += $_ for (@colwidth);
 
-printf "%-${descrlen}s", "Test";
-for my $i (0..$#dirs) {
-	my $d = $dirs[$i];
-	printf "   %-$colwidth[$i]s", (exists $dirabbrevs{$d} ? $dirabbrevs{$d} : $dirnames{$d});
-}
-print "\n";
-print "-"x$totalwidth, "\n";
-for my $t (@subtests) {
-	printf "%-${descrlen}s", $descrs{$t};
-	my $firstr;
+	printf "%-${descrlen}s", "Test";
 	for my $i (0..$#dirs) {
-		my $d = $dirs[$i];
-		my ($r,$u,$s) = @{$times{$prefixes{$d}.$t}};
-		printf "   %-$colwidth[$i]s", format_times($r,$u,$s,$firstr);
-		$firstr = $r unless defined $firstr;
+		printf "   %-$colwidth[$i]s", display_dir($dirs[$i]);
 	}
 	print "\n";
+	print "-"x$totalwidth, "\n";
+	for my $t (@subtests) {
+		printf "%-${descrlen}s", $descrs{$t};
+		my $firstr;
+		for my $i (0..$#dirs) {
+			my $d = $dirs[$i];
+			my ($r,$u,$s) = @{$times{$prefixes{$d}.$t}};
+			printf "   %-$colwidth[$i]s", format_times($r,$u,$s,$firstr);
+			$firstr = $r unless defined $firstr;
+		}
+		print "\n";
+	}
+}
+
+sub print_sorted_results {
+	my ($sortby) = @_;
+
+	if ($sortby ne "regression") {
+		print "Only 'regression' is supported as '--sort-by' argument\n";
+		usage();
+	}
+
+	my @evolutions;
+	for my $t (@subtests) {
+		my ($prevr, $prevu, $prevs, $prevrev);
+		for my $i (0..$#dirs) {
+			my $d = $dirs[$i];
+			my ($r, $u, $s) = get_times("$resultsdir/$prefixes{$d}$t.times");
+			if ($i > 0 and defined $r and defined $prevr and $prevr > 0) {
+				my $percent = 100.0 * ($r - $prevr) / $prevr;
+				push @evolutions, { "percent"  => $percent,
+						    "test"     => $t,
+						    "prevrev"  => $prevrev,
+						    "rev"      => $d,
+						    "prevr"    => $prevr,
+						    "r"        => $r,
+						    "prevu"    => $prevu,
+						    "u"        => $u,
+						    "prevs"    => $prevs,
+						    "s"        => $s};
+			}
+			($prevr, $prevu, $prevs, $prevrev) = ($r, $u, $s, $d);
+		}
+	}
+
+	my @sorted_evolutions = sort { $b->{percent} <=> $a->{percent} } @evolutions;
+
+	for my $e (@sorted_evolutions) {
+		printf "%+.1f%%", $e->{percent};
+		print " " . $e->{test};
+		print " " . format_times($e->{prevr}, $e->{prevu}, $e->{prevs});
+		print " " . format_times($e->{r}, $e->{u}, $e->{s});
+		print " " . display_dir($e->{prevrev});
+		print " " . display_dir($e->{rev});
+		print "\n";
+	}
+}
+
+sub print_codespeed_results {
+	my ($subsection) = @_;
+
+	my $project = "Git";
+
+	my $executable = `uname -s -m`;
+	chomp $executable;
+
+	if ($subsection) {
+		$executable .= ", " . $subsection;
+	}
+
+	my $environment;
+	if ($reponame) {
+		$environment = $reponame;
+	} elsif (exists $ENV{GIT_PERF_REPO_NAME} and $ENV{GIT_PERF_REPO_NAME} ne "") {
+		$environment = $ENV{GIT_PERF_REPO_NAME};
+	} elsif (exists $ENV{GIT_TEST_INSTALLED} and $ENV{GIT_TEST_INSTALLED} ne "") {
+		$environment = $ENV{GIT_TEST_INSTALLED};
+		$environment =~ s|/bin-wrappers$||;
+	} else {
+		$environment = `uname -r`;
+		chomp $environment;
+	}
+
+	my @data;
+
+	for my $t (@subtests) {
+		for my $d (@dirs) {
+			my $commitid = $prefixes{$d};
+			$commitid =~ s/^build_//;
+			$commitid =~ s/\.$//;
+			my ($result_value, $u, $s) = get_times("$resultsdir/$prefixes{$d}$t.times");
+
+			my %vals = (
+				"commitid" => $commitid,
+				"project" => $project,
+				"branch" => $dirnames{$d},
+				"executable" => $executable,
+				"benchmark" => $shorttests{$t} . " " . read_descr("$resultsdir/$t.descr"),
+				"environment" => $environment,
+				"result_value" => $result_value,
+			    );
+			push @data, \%vals;
+		}
+	}
+
+	print to_json(\@data, {utf8 => 1, pretty => 1, canonical => 1}), "\n";
+}
+
+binmode STDOUT, ":utf8" or die "PANIC on binmode: $!";
+
+if ($codespeed) {
+	print_codespeed_results($subsection);
+} elsif (defined $sortby) {
+	print_sorted_results($sortby);
+} else {
+	print_default_results();
 }
diff --git a/t/perf/bisect_regression b/t/perf/bisect_regression
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a94d9955d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/bisect_regression
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# Read a line coming from `./aggregate.perl --sort-by regression ...`
+# and automatically bisect to find the commit responsible for the
+# performance regression.
+#
+# Lines from `./aggregate.perl --sort-by regression ...` look like:
+#
+# +100.0% p7821-grep-engines-fixed.1 0.04(0.10+0.03) 0.08(0.11+0.08) v2.14.3 v2.15.1
+# +33.3% p7820-grep-engines.1 0.03(0.08+0.02) 0.04(0.08+0.02) v2.14.3 v2.15.1
+#
+
+die () {
+	echo >&2 "error: $*"
+	exit 1
+}
+
+while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
+	arg="$1"
+	case "$arg" in
+	--help)
+		echo "usage: $0 [--config file] [--subsection subsection]"
+		exit 0
+		;;
+	--config)
+		shift
+		GIT_PERF_CONFIG_FILE=$(cd "$(dirname "$1")"; pwd)/$(basename "$1")
+		export GIT_PERF_CONFIG_FILE
+		shift ;;
+	--subsection)
+		shift
+		GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION="$1"
+		export GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION
+		shift ;;
+	--*)
+		die "unrecognised option: '$arg'" ;;
+	*)
+		die "unknown argument '$arg'"
+		;;
+	esac
+done
+
+read -r regression subtest oldtime newtime oldrev newrev
+
+test_script=$(echo "$subtest" | sed -e 's/\(.*\)\.[0-9]*$/\1.sh/')
+test_number=$(echo "$subtest" | sed -e 's/.*\.\([0-9]*\)$/\1/')
+
+# oldtime and newtime are decimal number, not integers
+
+oldtime=$(echo "$oldtime" | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+\).*$/\1/')
+newtime=$(echo "$newtime" | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+\).*$/\1/')
+
+test $(echo "$newtime" "$oldtime" | awk '{ print ($1 > $2) }') = 1 ||
+	die "New time '$newtime' shoud be greater than old time '$oldtime'"
+
+tmpdir=$(mktemp -d -t bisect_regression_XXXXXX) || die "Failed to create temp directory"
+echo "$oldtime" >"$tmpdir/oldtime" || die "Failed to write to '$tmpdir/oldtime'"
+echo "$newtime" >"$tmpdir/newtime" || die "Failed to write to '$tmpdir/newtime'"
+
+# Bisecting must be performed from the top level directory (even with --no-checkout)
+(
+	toplevel_dir=$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel) || die "Failed to find top level directory"
+	cd "$toplevel_dir" || die "Failed to cd into top level directory '$toplevel_dir'"
+
+	git bisect start --no-checkout "$newrev" "$oldrev" || die "Failed to start bisecting"
+
+	git bisect run t/perf/bisect_run_script "$test_script" "$test_number" "$tmpdir"
+	res="$?"
+
+	git bisect reset
+
+	exit "$res"
+)
diff --git a/t/perf/bisect_run_script b/t/perf/bisect_run_script
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3ebaf15521
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/bisect_run_script
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+script="$1"
+test_number="$2"
+info_dir="$3"
+
+# This aborts the bisection immediately
+die () {
+	echo >&2 "error: $*"
+	exit 255
+}
+
+bisect_head=$(git rev-parse --verify BISECT_HEAD) || die "Failed to find BISECT_HEAD ref"
+
+script_number=$(echo "$script" | sed -e "s/^p\([0-9]*\).*\$/\1/") || die "Failed to get script number for '$script'"
+
+oldtime=$(cat "$info_dir/oldtime") || die "Failed to access '$info_dir/oldtime'"
+newtime=$(cat "$info_dir/newtime") || die "Failed to access '$info_dir/newtime'"
+
+cd t/perf || die "Failed to cd into 't/perf'"
+
+result_file="$info_dir/perf_${script_number}_${bisect_head}_results.txt"
+
+GIT_PERF_DIRS_OR_REVS="$bisect_head"
+export GIT_PERF_DIRS_OR_REVS
+
+# Don't use codespeed
+GIT_PERF_CODESPEED_OUTPUT=
+GIT_PERF_SEND_TO_CODESPEED=
+export GIT_PERF_CODESPEED_OUTPUT
+export GIT_PERF_SEND_TO_CODESPEED
+
+./run "$script" >"$result_file" 2>&1 || die "Failed to run perf test '$script'"
+
+rtime=$(sed -n "s/^$script_number\.$test_number:.*\([0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+\)(.*).*\$/\1/p" "$result_file")
+
+echo "newtime: $newtime"
+echo "rtime: $rtime"
+echo "oldtime: $oldtime"
+
+# Compare ($newtime - $rtime) with ($rtime - $oldtime)
+# Times are decimal number, not integers
+
+if test $(echo "$newtime" "$rtime" "$oldtime" | awk '{ print ($1 - $2 > $2 - $3) }') = 1
+then
+	# Current commit is considered "good/old"
+	echo "$rtime" >"$info_dir/oldtime"
+	exit 0
+else
+	# Current commit is considered "bad/new"
+	echo "$rtime" >"$info_dir/newtime"
+	exit 1
+fi
diff --git a/t/perf/lib-pack.sh b/t/perf/lib-pack.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d3865db286
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/lib-pack.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Helpers for dealing with large numbers of packs.
+
+# create $1 nonsense packs, each with a single blob
+create_packs () {
+	perl -le '
+		my ($n) = @ARGV;
+		for (1..$n) {
+			print "blob";
+			print "data <<EOF";
+			print "$_";
+			print "EOF";
+			print "checkpoint"
+		}
+	' "$@" |
+	git fast-import
+}
+
+# create a large number of packs, disabling any gc which might
+# cause us to repack them
+setup_many_packs () {
+	git config gc.auto 0 &&
+	git config gc.autopacklimit 0 &&
+	git config fastimport.unpacklimit 0 &&
+	create_packs 500
+}
diff --git a/t/perf/p0000-perf-lib-sanity.sh b/t/perf/p0000-perf-lib-sanity.sh
index cf8e1efce7..002c21e52a 100755
--- a/t/perf/p0000-perf-lib-sanity.sh
+++ b/t/perf/p0000-perf-lib-sanity.sh
@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ test_perf 'export a weird var' '
 	test_export bar
 '
 
+test_perf 'éḿíẗ ńöń-�ŚĆ�� ćḧáŕáćẗéŕś' 'true'
+
 test_expect_success 'test_export works with weird vars' '
 	echo "$bar" &&
 	test "$bar" = "weird # variable"
diff --git a/t/perf/p0001-rev-list.sh b/t/perf/p0001-rev-list.sh
index 16359d51ae..ebf172401b 100755
--- a/t/perf/p0001-rev-list.sh
+++ b/t/perf/p0001-rev-list.sh
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ test_perf 'rev-list --all --objects' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'create new unreferenced commit' '
-	commit=$(git commit-tree HEAD^{tree} -p HEAD)
+	commit=$(git commit-tree HEAD^{tree} -p HEAD) &&
+	test_export commit
 '
 
 test_perf 'rev-list $commit --not --all' '
diff --git a/t/perf/p0002-read-cache.sh b/t/perf/p0002-read-cache.sh
index 9180ae9343..cdd105a594 100755
--- a/t/perf/p0002-read-cache.sh
+++ b/t/perf/p0002-read-cache.sh
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ test_perf_default_repo
 
 count=1000
 test_perf "read_cache/discard_cache $count times" "
-	test-read-cache $count
+	test-tool read-cache $count
 "
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p0003-delta-base-cache.sh b/t/perf/p0003-delta-base-cache.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..62369eaaf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p0003-delta-base-cache.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test operations that emphasize the delta base cache.
+
+We look at both "log --raw", which should put only trees into the delta cache,
+and "log -Sfoo --raw", which should look at both trees and blobs.
+
+Any effects will be emphasized if the test repository is fully packed (loose
+objects obviously do not use the delta base cache at all). It is also
+emphasized if the pack has long delta chains (e.g., as produced by "gc
+--aggressive"), though cache is still quite noticeable even with the default
+depth of 50.
+
+The setting of core.deltaBaseCacheLimit in the source repository is also
+relevant (depending on the size of your test repo), so be sure it is consistent
+between runs.
+'
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_large_repo
+
+# puts mostly trees into the delta base cache
+test_perf 'log --raw' '
+	git log --raw >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_perf 'log -S' '
+	git log --raw -Sfoo >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p0004-lazy-init-name-hash.sh b/t/perf/p0004-lazy-init-name-hash.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1afc08fe7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p0004-lazy-init-name-hash.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Tests multi-threaded lazy_init_name_hash'
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_large_repo
+test_checkout_worktree
+
+test_expect_success 'verify both methods build the same hashmaps' '
+	test-tool lazy-init-name-hash --dump --single >out.single &&
+	if test-tool lazy-init-name-hash --dump --multi >out.multi
+	then
+		test_set_prereq REPO_BIG_ENOUGH_FOR_MULTI &&
+		sort <out.single >sorted.single &&
+		sort <out.multi >sorted.multi &&
+		test_cmp sorted.single sorted.multi
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'calibrate' '
+	entries=$(wc -l <out.single) &&
+
+	case $entries in
+	?) count=1000000 ;;
+	??) count=100000 ;;
+	???) count=10000 ;;
+	????) count=1000 ;;
+	?????) count=100 ;;
+	??????) count=10 ;;
+	*) count=1 ;;
+	esac &&
+	export count &&
+
+	case $entries in
+	1) entries_desc="1 entry" ;;
+	*) entries_desc="$entries entries" ;;
+	esac &&
+
+	case $count in
+	1) count_desc="1 round" ;;
+	*) count_desc="$count rounds" ;;
+	esac &&
+
+	desc="$entries_desc, $count_desc" &&
+	export desc
+'
+
+test_perf "single-threaded, $desc" "
+	test-tool lazy-init-name-hash --single --count=$count
+"
+
+test_perf REPO_BIG_ENOUGH_FOR_MULTI "multi-threaded, $desc" "
+	test-tool lazy-init-name-hash --multi --count=$count
+"
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p0005-status.sh b/t/perf/p0005-status.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0b0aa9858f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p0005-status.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# This test measures the performance of various read-tree
+# and status operations.  It is primarily interested in
+# the algorithmic costs of index operations and recursive
+# tree traversal -- and NOT disk I/O on thousands of files.
+
+test_description="Tests performance of read-tree"
+
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_default_repo
+
+# If the test repo was generated by ./repos/many-files.sh
+# then we know something about the data shape and branches,
+# so we can isolate testing to the ballast-related commits
+# and setup sparse-checkout so we don't have to populate
+# the ballast files and directories.
+#
+# Otherwise, we make some general assumptions about the
+# repo and consider the entire history of the current
+# branch to be the ballast.
+
+test_expect_success "setup repo" '
+	if git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/p0006-ballast^{commit}
+	then
+		echo Assuming synthetic repo from many-files.sh
+		git branch br_base            master
+		git branch br_ballast         p0006-ballast
+		git config --local core.sparsecheckout 1
+		cat >.git/info/sparse-checkout <<-EOF
+		/*
+		!ballast/*
+		EOF
+	else
+		echo Assuming non-synthetic repo...
+		git branch br_base            $(git rev-list HEAD | tail -n 1)
+		git branch br_ballast         HEAD
+	fi &&
+	git checkout -q br_ballast &&
+	nr_files=$(git ls-files | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_perf "read-tree status br_ballast ($nr_files)" '
+	git read-tree HEAD &&
+	git status
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p0006-read-tree-checkout.sh b/t/perf/p0006-read-tree-checkout.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..78cc23fe2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p0006-read-tree-checkout.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# This test measures the performance of various read-tree
+# and checkout operations.  It is primarily interested in
+# the algorithmic costs of index operations and recursive
+# tree traversal -- and NOT disk I/O on thousands of files.
+
+test_description="Tests performance of read-tree"
+
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_default_repo
+
+# If the test repo was generated by ./repos/many-files.sh
+# then we know something about the data shape and branches,
+# so we can isolate testing to the ballast-related commits
+# and setup sparse-checkout so we don't have to populate
+# the ballast files and directories.
+#
+# Otherwise, we make some general assumptions about the
+# repo and consider the entire history of the current
+# branch to be the ballast.
+
+test_expect_success "setup repo" '
+	if git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/p0006-ballast^{commit}
+	then
+		echo Assuming synthetic repo from many-files.sh
+		git branch br_base            master
+		git branch br_ballast         p0006-ballast^
+		git branch br_ballast_alias   p0006-ballast^
+		git branch br_ballast_plus_1  p0006-ballast
+		git config --local core.sparsecheckout 1
+		cat >.git/info/sparse-checkout <<-EOF
+		/*
+		!ballast/*
+		EOF
+	else
+		echo Assuming non-synthetic repo...
+		git branch br_base            $(git rev-list HEAD | tail -n 1)
+		git branch br_ballast         HEAD^ || error "no ancestor commit from current head"
+		git branch br_ballast_alias   HEAD^
+		git branch br_ballast_plus_1  HEAD
+	fi &&
+	git checkout -q br_ballast &&
+	nr_files=$(git ls-files | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_perf "read-tree br_base br_ballast ($nr_files)" '
+	git read-tree -m br_base br_ballast -n
+'
+
+test_perf "switch between br_base br_ballast ($nr_files)" '
+	git checkout -q br_base &&
+	git checkout -q br_ballast
+'
+
+test_perf "switch between br_ballast br_ballast_plus_1 ($nr_files)" '
+	git checkout -q br_ballast_plus_1 &&
+	git checkout -q br_ballast
+'
+
+test_perf "switch between aliases ($nr_files)" '
+	git checkout -q br_ballast_alias &&
+	git checkout -q br_ballast
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p0007-write-cache.sh b/t/perf/p0007-write-cache.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..09595264f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p0007-write-cache.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="Tests performance of writing the index"
+
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_default_repo
+
+test_expect_success "setup repo" '
+	if git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/p0006-ballast^{commit}
+	then
+		echo Assuming synthetic repo from many-files.sh
+		git config --local core.sparsecheckout 1
+		cat >.git/info/sparse-checkout <<-EOF
+		/*
+		!ballast/*
+		EOF
+	else
+		echo Assuming non-synthetic repo...
+	fi &&
+	nr_files=$(git ls-files | wc -l)
+'
+
+count=3
+test_perf "write_locked_index $count times ($nr_files files)" "
+	test-tool write-cache $count
+"
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p0071-sort.sh b/t/perf/p0071-sort.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..6e924f5fa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p0071-sort.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Basic sort performance tests'
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_default_repo
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	git ls-files --stage "*.[ch]" "*.sh" |
+	cut -f2 -d" " |
+	git cat-file --batch >unsorted
+'
+
+test_perf 'sort(1)' '
+	sort <unsorted >expect
+'
+
+test_perf 'string_list_sort()' '
+	test-tool string-list sort <unsorted >actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'string_list_sort() sorts like sort(1)' '
+	test_cmp_bin expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p0100-globbing.sh b/t/perf/p0100-globbing.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..dd18a9ce2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p0100-globbing.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="Tests pathological globbing performance
+
+Shows how Git's globbing performance performs when given the sort of
+pathological patterns described in at https://research.swtch.com/glob
+"
+
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_globs_big='10 25 50 75 100'
+test_globs_small='1 2 3 4 5 6'
+
+test_perf_fresh_repo
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	for i in $(test_seq 1 100)
+	do
+		printf "a" >>refname &&
+		for j in $(test_seq 1 $i)
+		do
+			printf "a*" >>refglob.$i
+		done &&
+		echo b >>refglob.$i
+	done &&
+	test_commit test $(cat refname).t "" $(cat refname).t
+'
+
+for i in $test_globs_small
+do
+	test_perf "refglob((a*)^nb) against tag (a^100).t; n = $i" '
+		git for-each-ref "refs/tags/$(cat refglob.'$i')b"
+	'
+done
+
+for i in $test_globs_small
+do
+	test_perf "fileglob((a*)^nb) against file (a^100).t; n = $i" '
+		git ls-files "$(cat refglob.'$i')b"
+	'
+done
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p3400-rebase.sh b/t/perf/p3400-rebase.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ce271ca4c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p3400-rebase.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Tests rebase performance'
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_default_repo
+
+test_expect_success 'setup rebasing on top of a lot of changes' '
+	git checkout -f -b base &&
+	git checkout -b to-rebase &&
+	git checkout -b upstream &&
+	for i in $(seq 100)
+	do
+		# simulate huge diffs
+		echo change$i >unrelated-file$i &&
+		seq 1000 >>unrelated-file$i &&
+		git add unrelated-file$i &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m commit$i unrelated-file$i &&
+		echo change$i >unrelated-file$i &&
+		seq 1000 | tac >>unrelated-file$i &&
+		git add unrelated-file$i &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m commit$i-reverse unrelated-file$i ||
+		break
+	done &&
+	git checkout to-rebase &&
+	test_commit our-patch interesting-file
+'
+
+test_perf 'rebase on top of a lot of unrelated changes' '
+	git rebase --onto upstream HEAD^ &&
+	git rebase --onto base HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup rebasing many changes without split-index' '
+	git config core.splitIndex false &&
+	git checkout -b upstream2 to-rebase &&
+	git checkout -b to-rebase2 upstream
+'
+
+test_perf 'rebase a lot of unrelated changes without split-index' '
+	git rebase --onto upstream2 base &&
+	git rebase --onto base upstream2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup rebasing many changes with split-index' '
+	git config core.splitIndex true
+'
+
+test_perf 'rebase a lot of unrelated changes with split-index' '
+	git rebase --onto upstream2 base &&
+	git rebase --onto base upstream2
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p3404-rebase-interactive.sh b/t/perf/p3404-rebase-interactive.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..88f47de282
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p3404-rebase-interactive.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Tests rebase -i performance'
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_default_repo
+
+# This commit merges a sufficiently long topic branch for reasonable
+# performance testing
+branch_merge=ba5312da19c6fdb6c6747d479f58932aae6e900c^{commit}
+export branch_merge
+
+git rev-parse --verify $branch_merge >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
+	skip_all='skipping because $branch_merge was not found'
+	test_done
+}
+
+write_script swap-first-two.sh <<\EOF
+case "$1" in
+*/COMMIT_EDITMSG)
+	mv "$1" "$1".bak &&
+	sed -e '1{h;d}' -e 2G <"$1".bak >"$1"
+	;;
+esac
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	git config core.editor "\"$PWD"/swap-first-two.sh\" &&
+	git checkout -f $branch_merge^2
+'
+
+test_perf 'rebase -i' '
+	git rebase -i $branch_merge^
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p4205-log-pretty-formats.sh b/t/perf/p4205-log-pretty-formats.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7c26f4f337
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p4205-log-pretty-formats.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Tests the performance of various pretty format placeholders'
+
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_default_repo
+
+for format in %H %h %T %t %P %p %h-%h-%h
+do
+	test_perf "log with $format" "
+		git log --format=\"$format\" >/dev/null
+	"
+done
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p4211-line-log.sh b/t/perf/p4211-line-log.sh
index 3d074b0e41..392bcc0e51 100755
--- a/t/perf/p4211-line-log.sh
+++ b/t/perf/p4211-line-log.sh
@@ -23,12 +23,20 @@ test_perf 'git log --follow (baseline for -M)' '
 	git log --oneline --follow -- "$file" >/dev/null
 '
 
-test_perf 'git log -L' '
-	git log -L 1:"$file" >/dev/null
+test_perf 'git log -L (renames off)' '
+	git log --no-renames -L 1:"$file" >/dev/null
 '
 
-test_perf 'git log -M -L' '
+test_perf 'git log -L (renames on)' '
 	git log -M -L 1:"$file" >/dev/null
 '
 
+test_perf 'git log --oneline --raw --parents' '
+	git log --oneline --raw --parents >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_perf 'git log --oneline --raw --parents -1000' '
+	git log --oneline --raw --parents -1000 >/dev/null
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p4220-log-grep-engines.sh b/t/perf/p4220-log-grep-engines.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2bc47ded4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p4220-log-grep-engines.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="Comparison of git-log's --grep regex engines
+
+Set GIT_PERF_4220_LOG_OPTS in the environment to pass options to
+git-grep. Make sure to include a leading space,
+e.g. GIT_PERF_4220_LOG_OPTS=' -i'. Some options to try:
+
+	-i
+	--invert-grep
+	-i --invert-grep
+"
+
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_large_repo
+test_checkout_worktree
+
+for pattern in \
+	'how.to' \
+	'^how to' \
+	'[how] to' \
+	'\(e.t[^ ]*\|v.ry\) rare' \
+	'm\(ú\|u\)lt.b\(æ\|y\)te'
+do
+	for engine in basic extended perl
+	do
+		if test $engine != "basic"
+		then
+			# Poor man's basic -> extended converter.
+			pattern=$(echo $pattern | sed 's/\\//g')
+		fi
+		if test $engine = "perl" && ! test_have_prereq PCRE
+		then
+			prereq="PCRE"
+		else
+			prereq=""
+		fi
+		test_perf $prereq "$engine log$GIT_PERF_4220_LOG_OPTS --grep='$pattern'" "
+			git -c grep.patternType=$engine log --pretty=format:%h$GIT_PERF_4220_LOG_OPTS --grep='$pattern' >'out.$engine' || :
+		"
+	done
+
+	test_expect_success "assert that all engines found the same for$GIT_PERF_4220_LOG_OPTS '$pattern'" '
+		test_cmp out.basic out.extended &&
+		if test_have_prereq PCRE
+		then
+			test_cmp out.basic out.perl
+		fi
+	'
+done
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p4221-log-grep-engines-fixed.sh b/t/perf/p4221-log-grep-engines-fixed.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..060971265a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p4221-log-grep-engines-fixed.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="Comparison of git-log's --grep regex engines with -F
+
+Set GIT_PERF_4221_LOG_OPTS in the environment to pass options to
+git-grep. Make sure to include a leading space,
+e.g. GIT_PERF_4221_LOG_OPTS=' -i'. Some options to try:
+
+	-i
+	--invert-grep
+	-i --invert-grep
+"
+
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_large_repo
+test_checkout_worktree
+
+for pattern in 'int' 'uncommon' 'æ'
+do
+	for engine in fixed basic extended perl
+	do
+		if test $engine = "perl" && ! test_have_prereq PCRE
+		then
+			prereq="PCRE"
+		else
+			prereq=""
+		fi
+		test_perf $prereq "$engine log$GIT_PERF_4221_LOG_OPTS --grep='$pattern'" "
+			git -c grep.patternType=$engine log --pretty=format:%h$GIT_PERF_4221_LOG_OPTS --grep='$pattern' >'out.$engine' || :
+		"
+	done
+
+	test_expect_success "assert that all engines found the same for$GIT_PERF_4221_LOG_OPTS '$pattern'" '
+		test_cmp out.fixed out.basic &&
+		test_cmp out.fixed out.extended &&
+		if test_have_prereq PCRE
+		then
+			test_cmp out.fixed out.perl
+		fi
+	'
+done
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p5302-pack-index.sh b/t/perf/p5302-pack-index.sh
index 5ee9211f98..99bdb16c85 100755
--- a/t/perf/p5302-pack-index.sh
+++ b/t/perf/p5302-pack-index.sh
@@ -13,6 +13,13 @@ test_expect_success 'repack' '
 	export PACK
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'create target repositories' '
+	for repo in t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6
+	do
+		git init --bare $repo
+	done
+'
+
 test_perf 'index-pack 0 threads' '
 	GIT_DIR=t1 git index-pack --threads=1 --stdin < $PACK
 '
diff --git a/t/perf/p5303-many-packs.sh b/t/perf/p5303-many-packs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3779851941
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p5303-many-packs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='performance with large numbers of packs'
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_large_repo
+
+# A real many-pack situation would probably come from having a lot of pushes
+# over time. We don't know how big each push would be, but we can fake it by
+# just walking the first-parent chain and having every 5 commits be their own
+# "push". This isn't _entirely_ accurate, as real pushes would have some
+# duplicate objects due to thin-pack fixing, but it's a reasonable
+# approximation.
+#
+# And then all of the rest of the objects can go in a single packfile that
+# represents the state before any of those pushes (actually, we'll generate
+# that first because in such a setup it would be the oldest pack, and we sort
+# the packs by reverse mtime inside git).
+repack_into_n () {
+	rm -rf staging &&
+	mkdir staging &&
+
+	git rev-list --first-parent HEAD |
+	sed -n '1~5p' |
+	head -n "$1" |
+	perl -e 'print reverse <>' \
+	>pushes
+
+	# create base packfile
+	head -n 1 pushes |
+	git pack-objects --delta-base-offset --revs staging/pack
+
+	# and then incrementals between each pair of commits
+	last= &&
+	while read rev
+	do
+		if test -n "$last"; then
+			{
+				echo "$rev" &&
+				echo "^$last"
+			} |
+			git pack-objects --delta-base-offset --revs \
+				staging/pack || return 1
+		fi
+		last=$rev
+	done <pushes &&
+
+	# and install the whole thing
+	rm -f .git/objects/pack/* &&
+	mv staging/* .git/objects/pack/
+}
+
+# Pretend we just have a single branch and no reflogs, and that everything is
+# in objects/pack; that makes our fake pack-building via repack_into_n()
+# much simpler.
+test_expect_success 'simplify reachability' '
+	tip=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="option no-deref%0adelete %(refname)" |
+	git update-ref --stdin &&
+	rm -rf .git/logs &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/master $tip &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/master &&
+	git repack -ad
+'
+
+for nr_packs in 1 50 1000
+do
+	test_expect_success "create $nr_packs-pack scenario" '
+		repack_into_n $nr_packs
+	'
+
+	test_perf "rev-list ($nr_packs)" '
+		git rev-list --objects --all >/dev/null
+	'
+
+	# This simulates the interesting part of the repack, which is the
+	# actual pack generation, without smudging the on-disk setup
+	# between trials.
+	test_perf "repack ($nr_packs)" '
+		git pack-objects --keep-true-parents \
+		  --honor-pack-keep --non-empty --all \
+		  --reflog --indexed-objects --delta-base-offset \
+		  --stdout </dev/null >/dev/null
+	'
+done
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p5310-pack-bitmaps.sh b/t/perf/p5310-pack-bitmaps.sh
index f8ed8573b7..bb91dbb173 100755
--- a/t/perf/p5310-pack-bitmaps.sh
+++ b/t/perf/p5310-pack-bitmaps.sh
@@ -32,6 +32,14 @@ test_perf 'simulated fetch' '
 	} | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null
 '
 
+test_perf 'pack to file' '
+	git pack-objects --all pack1 </dev/null >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_perf 'pack to file (bitmap)' '
+	git pack-objects --use-bitmap-index --all pack1b </dev/null >/dev/null
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'create partial bitmap state' '
 	# pick a commit to represent the repo tip in the past
 	cutoff=$(git rev-list HEAD~100 -1) &&
@@ -39,22 +47,26 @@ test_expect_success 'create partial bitmap state' '
 
 	# now kill off all of the refs and pretend we had
 	# just the one tip
-	rm -rf .git/logs .git/refs/* .git/packed-refs
-	git update-ref HEAD $cutoff
+	rm -rf .git/logs .git/refs/* .git/packed-refs &&
+	git update-ref HEAD $cutoff &&
 
 	# and then repack, which will leave us with a nice
 	# big bitmap pack of the "old" history, and all of
 	# the new history will be loose, as if it had been pushed
 	# up incrementally and exploded via unpack-objects
-	git repack -Ad
+	git repack -Ad &&
 
 	# and now restore our original tip, as if the pushes
 	# had happened
 	git update-ref HEAD $orig_tip
 '
 
-test_perf 'partial bitmap' '
+test_perf 'clone (partial bitmap)' '
 	git pack-objects --stdout --all </dev/null >/dev/null
 '
 
+test_perf 'pack to file (partial bitmap)' '
+	git pack-objects --use-bitmap-index --all pack2b </dev/null >/dev/null
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p5550-fetch-tags.sh b/t/perf/p5550-fetch-tags.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d0e0e019ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p5550-fetch-tags.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='performance of tag-following with many tags
+
+This tests a fairly pathological case, so rather than rely on a real-world
+case, we will construct our own repository. The situation is roughly as
+follows.
+
+The parent repository has a large number of tags which are disconnected from
+the rest of history. That makes them candidates for tag-following, but we never
+actually grab them (and thus they will impact each subsequent fetch).
+
+The child repository is a clone of parent, without the tags, and is at least
+one commit behind the parent (meaning that we will fetch one object and then
+examine the tags to see if they need followed). Furthermore, it has a large
+number of packs.
+
+The exact values of "large" here are somewhat arbitrary; I picked values that
+start to show a noticeable performance problem on my machine, but without
+taking too long to set up and run the tests.
+'
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY/perf/lib-pack.sh"
+
+# make a long nonsense history on branch $1, consisting of $2 commits, each
+# with a unique file pointing to the blob at $2.
+create_history () {
+	perl -le '
+		my ($branch, $n, $blob) = @ARGV;
+		for (1..$n) {
+			print "commit refs/heads/$branch";
+			print "committer nobody <nobody@example.com> now";
+			print "data 4";
+			print "foo";
+			print "M 100644 $blob $_";
+		}
+	' "$@" |
+	git fast-import --date-format=now
+}
+
+# make a series of tags, one per commit in the revision range given by $@
+create_tags () {
+	git rev-list "$@" |
+	perl -lne 'print "create refs/tags/$. $_"' |
+	git update-ref --stdin
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'create parent and child' '
+	git init parent &&
+	git -C parent commit --allow-empty -m base &&
+	git clone parent child &&
+	git -C parent commit --allow-empty -m trigger-fetch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'populate parent tags' '
+	(
+		cd parent &&
+		blob=$(echo content | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+		create_history cruft 3000 $blob &&
+		create_tags cruft &&
+		git branch -D cruft
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create child packs' '
+	(
+		cd child &&
+		setup_many_packs
+	)
+'
+
+test_perf 'fetch' '
+	# make sure there is something to fetch on each iteration
+	git -C child update-ref -d refs/remotes/origin/master &&
+	git -C child fetch
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p5551-fetch-rescan.sh b/t/perf/p5551-fetch-rescan.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b99dc23e32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p5551-fetch-rescan.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='fetch performance with many packs
+
+It is common for fetch to consider objects that we might not have, and it is an
+easy mistake for the code to use a function like `parse_object` that might
+give the correct _answer_ on such an object, but do so slowly (due to
+re-scanning the pack directory for lookup failures).
+
+The resulting performance drop can be hard to notice in a real repository, but
+becomes quite large in a repository with a large number of packs. So this
+test creates a more pathological case, since any mistakes would produce a more
+noticeable slowdown.
+'
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/perf/lib-pack.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'create parent and child' '
+	git init parent &&
+	git clone parent child
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'create refs in the parent' '
+	(
+		cd parent &&
+		git commit --allow-empty -m foo &&
+		head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+		test_seq 1000 |
+		sed "s,.*,update refs/heads/& $head," |
+		$MODERN_GIT update-ref --stdin
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create many packs in the child' '
+	(
+		cd child &&
+		setup_many_packs
+	)
+'
+
+test_perf 'fetch' '
+	# start at the same state for each iteration
+	obj=$($MODERN_GIT -C parent rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	(
+		cd child &&
+		$MODERN_GIT for-each-ref --format="delete %(refname)" refs/remotes |
+		$MODERN_GIT update-ref --stdin &&
+		rm -vf .git/objects/$(echo $obj | sed "s|^..|&/|") &&
+
+		git fetch
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p7000-filter-branch.sh b/t/perf/p7000-filter-branch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b029586ccb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p7000-filter-branch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='performance of filter-branch'
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_default_repo
+test_checkout_worktree
+
+test_expect_success 'mark bases for tests' '
+	git tag -f tip &&
+	git tag -f base HEAD~100
+'
+
+test_perf 'noop filter' '
+	git checkout --detach tip &&
+	git filter-branch -f base..HEAD
+'
+
+test_perf 'noop prune-empty' '
+	git checkout --detach tip &&
+	git filter-branch -f --prune-empty base..HEAD
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p7300-clean.sh b/t/perf/p7300-clean.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7c1888a27e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p7300-clean.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="Test git-clean performance"
+
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_default_repo
+test_checkout_worktree
+
+test_expect_success 'setup untracked directory with many sub dirs' '
+	rm -rf 500_sub_dirs 100000_sub_dirs clean_test_dir &&
+	mkdir 500_sub_dirs 100000_sub_dirs clean_test_dir &&
+	for i in $(test_seq 1 500)
+	do
+		mkdir 500_sub_dirs/dir$i || return $?
+	done &&
+	for i in $(test_seq 1 200)
+	do
+		cp -r 500_sub_dirs 100000_sub_dirs/dir$i || return $?
+	done
+'
+
+test_perf 'clean many untracked sub dirs, check for nested git' '
+	git clean -n -q -f -d 100000_sub_dirs/
+'
+
+test_perf 'clean many untracked sub dirs, ignore nested git' '
+	git clean -n -q -f -f -d 100000_sub_dirs/
+'
+
+test_perf 'ls-files -o' '
+	git ls-files -o
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p7519-fsmonitor.sh b/t/perf/p7519-fsmonitor.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..def7ecdbc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p7519-fsmonitor.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="Test core.fsmonitor"
+
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+#
+# Performance test for the fsmonitor feature which enables git to talk to a
+# file system change monitor and avoid having to scan the working directory
+# for new or modified files.
+#
+# By default, the performance test will utilize the Watchman file system
+# monitor if it is installed.  If Watchman is not installed, it will use a
+# dummy integration script that does not report any new or modified files.
+# The dummy script has very little overhead which provides optimistic results.
+#
+# The performance test will also use the untracked cache feature if it is
+# available as fsmonitor uses it to speed up scanning for untracked files.
+#
+# There are 3 environment variables that can be used to alter the default
+# behavior of the performance test:
+#
+# GIT_PERF_7519_UNTRACKED_CACHE: used to configure core.untrackedCache
+# GIT_PERF_7519_SPLIT_INDEX: used to configure core.splitIndex
+# GIT_PERF_7519_FSMONITOR: used to configure core.fsMonitor
+#
+# The big win for using fsmonitor is the elimination of the need to scan the
+# working directory looking for changed and untracked files. If the file
+# information is all cached in RAM, the benefits are reduced.
+#
+# GIT_PERF_7519_DROP_CACHE: if set, the OS caches are dropped between tests
+#
+
+test_perf_large_repo
+test_checkout_worktree
+
+test_lazy_prereq UNTRACKED_CACHE '
+	{ git update-index --test-untracked-cache; ret=$?; } &&
+	test $ret -ne 1
+'
+
+test_lazy_prereq WATCHMAN '
+	command -v watchman
+'
+
+if test_have_prereq WATCHMAN
+then
+	# Convert unix style paths to escaped Windows style paths for Watchman
+	case "$(uname -s)" in
+	MSYS_NT*)
+	  GIT_WORK_TREE="$(cygpath -aw "$PWD" | sed 's,\\,/,g')"
+	  ;;
+	*)
+	  GIT_WORK_TREE="$PWD"
+	  ;;
+	esac
+fi
+
+if test -n "$GIT_PERF_7519_DROP_CACHE"
+then
+	# When using GIT_PERF_7519_DROP_CACHE, GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT must be 1 to
+	# generate valid results. Otherwise the caching that happens for the nth
+	# run will negate the validity of the comparisons.
+	if test "$GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT" -ne 1
+	then
+		echo "warning: Setting GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT=1" >&2
+		GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT=1
+	fi
+fi
+
+test_expect_success "setup for fsmonitor" '
+	# set untrackedCache depending on the environment
+	if test -n "$GIT_PERF_7519_UNTRACKED_CACHE"
+	then
+		git config core.untrackedCache "$GIT_PERF_7519_UNTRACKED_CACHE"
+	else
+		if test_have_prereq UNTRACKED_CACHE
+		then
+			git config core.untrackedCache true
+		else
+			git config core.untrackedCache false
+		fi
+	fi &&
+
+	# set core.splitindex depending on the environment
+	if test -n "$GIT_PERF_7519_SPLIT_INDEX"
+	then
+		git config core.splitIndex "$GIT_PERF_7519_SPLIT_INDEX"
+	fi &&
+
+	# set INTEGRATION_SCRIPT depending on the environment
+	if test -n "$GIT_PERF_7519_FSMONITOR"
+	then
+		INTEGRATION_SCRIPT="$GIT_PERF_7519_FSMONITOR"
+	else
+		#
+		# Choose integration script based on existence of Watchman.
+		# If Watchman exists, watch the work tree and attempt a query.
+		# If everything succeeds, use Watchman integration script,
+		# else fall back to an empty integration script.
+		#
+		mkdir .git/hooks &&
+		if test_have_prereq WATCHMAN
+		then
+			INTEGRATION_SCRIPT=".git/hooks/fsmonitor-watchman" &&
+			cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY/../templates/hooks--fsmonitor-watchman.sample" "$INTEGRATION_SCRIPT" &&
+			watchman watch "$GIT_WORK_TREE" &&
+			watchman watch-list | grep -q -F "$GIT_WORK_TREE"
+		else
+			INTEGRATION_SCRIPT=".git/hooks/fsmonitor-empty" &&
+			write_script "$INTEGRATION_SCRIPT"<<-\EOF
+			EOF
+		fi
+	fi &&
+
+	git config core.fsmonitor "$INTEGRATION_SCRIPT" &&
+	git update-index --fsmonitor
+'
+
+if test -n "$GIT_PERF_7519_DROP_CACHE"; then
+	test-tool drop-caches
+fi
+
+test_perf "status (fsmonitor=$INTEGRATION_SCRIPT)" '
+	git status
+'
+
+if test -n "$GIT_PERF_7519_DROP_CACHE"; then
+	test-tool drop-caches
+fi
+
+test_perf "status -uno (fsmonitor=$INTEGRATION_SCRIPT)" '
+	git status -uno
+'
+
+if test -n "$GIT_PERF_7519_DROP_CACHE"; then
+	test-tool drop-caches
+fi
+
+test_perf "status -uall (fsmonitor=$INTEGRATION_SCRIPT)" '
+	git status -uall
+'
+
+test_expect_success "setup without fsmonitor" '
+	unset INTEGRATION_SCRIPT &&
+	git config --unset core.fsmonitor &&
+	git update-index --no-fsmonitor
+'
+
+if test -n "$GIT_PERF_7519_DROP_CACHE"; then
+	test-tool drop-caches
+fi
+
+test_perf "status (fsmonitor=$INTEGRATION_SCRIPT)" '
+	git status
+'
+
+if test -n "$GIT_PERF_7519_DROP_CACHE"; then
+	test-tool drop-caches
+fi
+
+test_perf "status -uno (fsmonitor=$INTEGRATION_SCRIPT)" '
+	git status -uno
+'
+
+if test -n "$GIT_PERF_7519_DROP_CACHE"; then
+	test-tool drop-caches
+fi
+
+test_perf "status -uall (fsmonitor=$INTEGRATION_SCRIPT)" '
+	git status -uall
+'
+
+if test_have_prereq WATCHMAN
+then
+	watchman watch-del "$GIT_WORK_TREE" >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+
+	# Work around Watchman bug on Windows where it holds on to handles
+	# preventing the removal of the trash directory
+	watchman shutdown-server >/dev/null 2>&1
+fi
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p7820-grep-engines.sh b/t/perf/p7820-grep-engines.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..8b09c5bf32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p7820-grep-engines.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="Comparison of git-grep's regex engines
+
+Set GIT_PERF_7820_GREP_OPTS in the environment to pass options to
+git-grep. Make sure to include a leading space,
+e.g. GIT_PERF_7820_GREP_OPTS=' -i'. Some options to try:
+
+	-i
+	-w
+	-v
+	-vi
+	-vw
+	-viw
+
+If GIT_PERF_GREP_THREADS is set to a list of threads (e.g. '1 4 8'
+etc.) we will test the patterns under those numbers of threads.
+"
+
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_large_repo
+test_checkout_worktree
+
+if test -n "$GIT_PERF_GREP_THREADS"
+then
+	test_set_prereq PERF_GREP_ENGINES_THREADS
+fi
+
+for pattern in \
+	'how.to' \
+	'^how to' \
+	'[how] to' \
+	'\(e.t[^ ]*\|v.ry\) rare' \
+	'm\(ú\|u\)lt.b\(æ\|y\)te'
+do
+	for engine in basic extended perl
+	do
+		if test $engine != "basic"
+		then
+			# Poor man's basic -> extended converter.
+			pattern=$(echo "$pattern" | sed 's/\\//g')
+		fi
+		if test $engine = "perl" && ! test_have_prereq PCRE
+		then
+			prereq="PCRE"
+		else
+			prereq=""
+		fi
+		if ! test_have_prereq PERF_GREP_ENGINES_THREADS
+		then
+			test_perf $prereq "$engine grep$GIT_PERF_7820_GREP_OPTS '$pattern'" "
+				git -c grep.patternType=$engine grep$GIT_PERF_7820_GREP_OPTS -- '$pattern' >'out.$engine' || :
+			"
+		else
+			for threads in $GIT_PERF_GREP_THREADS
+			do
+				test_perf PTHREADS,$prereq "$engine grep$GIT_PERF_7820_GREP_OPTS '$pattern' with $threads threads" "
+					git -c grep.patternType=$engine -c grep.threads=$threads grep$GIT_PERF_7820_GREP_OPTS -- '$pattern' >'out.$engine.$threads' || :
+				"
+			done
+		fi
+	done
+
+	if ! test_have_prereq PERF_GREP_ENGINES_THREADS
+	then
+		test_expect_success "assert that all engines found the same for$GIT_PERF_7820_GREP_OPTS '$pattern'" '
+			test_cmp out.basic out.extended &&
+			if test_have_prereq PCRE
+			then
+				test_cmp out.basic out.perl
+			fi
+		'
+	else
+		for threads in $GIT_PERF_GREP_THREADS
+		do
+			test_expect_success PTHREADS "assert that all engines found the same for$GIT_PERF_7820_GREP_OPTS '$pattern' under threading" "
+				test_cmp out.basic.$threads out.extended.$threads &&
+				if test_have_prereq PCRE
+				then
+					test_cmp out.basic.$threads out.perl.$threads
+				fi
+			"
+		done
+	fi
+done
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p7821-grep-engines-fixed.sh b/t/perf/p7821-grep-engines-fixed.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..61e41b82cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p7821-grep-engines-fixed.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="Comparison of git-grep's regex engines with -F
+
+Set GIT_PERF_7821_GREP_OPTS in the environment to pass options to
+git-grep. Make sure to include a leading space,
+e.g. GIT_PERF_7821_GREP_OPTS=' -w'. See p7820-grep-engines.sh for more
+options to try.
+
+If GIT_PERF_7821_THREADS is set to a list of threads (e.g. '1 4 8'
+etc.) we will test the patterns under those numbers of threads.
+"
+
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_large_repo
+test_checkout_worktree
+
+if test -n "$GIT_PERF_GREP_THREADS"
+then
+	test_set_prereq PERF_GREP_ENGINES_THREADS
+fi
+
+for pattern in 'int' 'uncommon' 'æ'
+do
+	for engine in fixed basic extended perl
+	do
+		if test $engine = "perl" && ! test_have_prereq PCRE
+		then
+			prereq="PCRE"
+		else
+			prereq=""
+		fi
+		if ! test_have_prereq PERF_GREP_ENGINES_THREADS
+		then
+			test_perf $prereq "$engine grep$GIT_PERF_7821_GREP_OPTS $pattern" "
+				git -c grep.patternType=$engine grep$GIT_PERF_7821_GREP_OPTS $pattern >'out.$engine' || :
+			"
+		else
+			for threads in $GIT_PERF_GREP_THREADS
+			do
+				test_perf PTHREADS,$prereq "$engine grep$GIT_PERF_7821_GREP_OPTS $pattern with $threads threads" "
+					git -c grep.patternType=$engine -c grep.threads=$threads grep$GIT_PERF_7821_GREP_OPTS $pattern >'out.$engine.$threads' || :
+				"
+			done
+		fi
+	done
+
+	if ! test_have_prereq PERF_GREP_ENGINES_THREADS
+	then
+		test_expect_success "assert that all engines found the same for$GIT_PERF_7821_GREP_OPTS $pattern" '
+			test_cmp out.fixed out.basic &&
+			test_cmp out.fixed out.extended &&
+			if test_have_prereq PCRE
+			then
+				test_cmp out.fixed out.perl
+			fi
+		'
+	else
+		for threads in $GIT_PERF_GREP_THREADS
+		do
+			test_expect_success PTHREADS "assert that all engines found the same for$GIT_PERF_7821_GREP_OPTS $pattern under threading" "
+				test_cmp out.fixed.$threads out.basic.$threads &&
+				test_cmp out.fixed.$threads out.extended.$threads &&
+				if test_have_prereq PCRE
+				then
+					test_cmp out.fixed.$threads out.perl.$threads
+				fi
+			"
+		done
+	fi
+done
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/perf-lib.sh b/t/perf/perf-lib.sh
index 5cf74eddec..e4c343a6b7 100644
--- a/t/perf/perf-lib.sh
+++ b/t/perf/perf-lib.sh
@@ -52,13 +52,14 @@ TEST_NO_MALLOC_CHECK=t
 # need to export them for test_perf subshells
 export TEST_DIRECTORY TRASH_DIRECTORY GIT_BUILD_DIR GIT_TEST_CMP
 
+MODERN_GIT=$GIT_BUILD_DIR/bin-wrappers/git
+export MODERN_GIT
+
 perf_results_dir=$TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY/test-results
+test -n "$GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION" && perf_results_dir="$perf_results_dir/$GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION"
 mkdir -p "$perf_results_dir"
 rm -f "$perf_results_dir"/$(basename "$0" .sh).subtests
 
-if test -z "$GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT"; then
-	GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT=3
-fi
 die_if_build_dir_not_repo () {
 	if ! ( cd "$TEST_DIRECTORY/.." &&
 		    git rev-parse --build-dir >/dev/null 2>&1 ); then
@@ -75,33 +76,57 @@ if test -z "$GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO"; then
 	GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO=$TEST_DIRECTORY/..
 fi
 
+test_perf_do_repo_symlink_config_ () {
+	test_have_prereq SYMLINKS || git config core.symlinks false
+}
+
 test_perf_create_repo_from () {
 	test "$#" = 2 ||
 	error "bug in the test script: not 2 parameters to test-create-repo"
 	repo="$1"
 	source="$2"
-	source_git=$source/$(cd "$source" && git rev-parse --git-dir)
+	source_git="$("$MODERN_GIT" -C "$source" rev-parse --git-dir)"
+	objects_dir="$("$MODERN_GIT" -C "$source" rev-parse --git-path objects)"
 	mkdir -p "$repo/.git"
 	(
-		cd "$repo/.git" &&
-		{ cp -Rl "$source_git/objects" . 2>/dev/null ||
-			cp -R "$source_git/objects" .; } &&
+		cd "$source" &&
+		{ cp -Rl "$objects_dir" "$repo/.git/" 2>/dev/null ||
+			cp -R "$objects_dir" "$repo/.git/"; } &&
 		for stuff in "$source_git"/*; do
 			case "$stuff" in
-				*/objects|*/hooks|*/config)
+				*/objects|*/hooks|*/config|*/commondir)
 					;;
 				*)
-					cp -R "$stuff" . || exit 1
+					cp -R "$stuff" "$repo/.git/" || exit 1
 					;;
 			esac
-		done &&
-		cd .. &&
-		git init -q &&
-		mv .git/hooks .git/hooks-disabled 2>/dev/null
+		done
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$repo" &&
+		"$MODERN_GIT" init -q &&
+		test_perf_do_repo_symlink_config_ &&
+		mv .git/hooks .git/hooks-disabled 2>/dev/null &&
+		if test -f .git/index.lock
+		then
+			# We may be copying a repo that can't run "git
+			# status" due to a locked index. Since we have
+			# a copy it's fine to remove the lock.
+			rm .git/index.lock
+		fi
 	) || error "failed to copy repository '$source' to '$repo'"
 }
 
 # call at least one of these to establish an appropriately-sized repository
+test_perf_fresh_repo () {
+	repo="${1:-$TRASH_DIRECTORY}"
+	"$MODERN_GIT" init -q "$repo" &&
+	(
+		cd "$repo" &&
+		test_perf_do_repo_symlink_config_
+	)
+}
+
 test_perf_default_repo () {
 	test_perf_create_repo_from "${1:-$TRASH_DIRECTORY}" "$GIT_PERF_REPO"
 }
@@ -121,11 +146,15 @@ test_checkout_worktree () {
 # Performance tests should never fail.  If they do, stop immediately
 immediate=t
 
+# Perf tests require GNU time
+case "$(uname -s)" in Darwin) GTIME="${GTIME:-gtime}";; esac
+GTIME="${GTIME:-/usr/bin/time}"
+
 test_run_perf_ () {
 	test_cleanup=:
 	test_export_="test_cleanup"
 	export test_cleanup test_export_
-	/usr/bin/time -f "%E %U %S" -o test_time.$i "$SHELL" -c '
+	"$GTIME" -f "%E %U %S" -o test_time.$i "$SHELL" -c '
 . '"$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test-lib-functions.sh'
 test_export () {
 	[ $# != 0 ] || return 0
diff --git a/t/perf/repos/.gitignore b/t/perf/repos/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..72e3dc3e19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/repos/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+gen-*/
diff --git a/t/perf/repos/inflate-repo.sh b/t/perf/repos/inflate-repo.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..fcfc992b5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/repos/inflate-repo.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Inflate the size of an EXISTING repo.
+#
+# This script should be run inside the worktree of a TEST repo.
+# It will use the contents of the current HEAD to generate a
+# commit containing copies of the current worktree such that the
+# total size of the commit has at least <target_size> files.
+#
+# Usage: [-t target_size] [-b branch_name]
+
+set -e
+
+target_size=10000
+branch_name=p0006-ballast
+ballast=ballast
+
+while test "$#" -ne 0
+do
+    case "$1" in
+	-b)
+	    shift;
+	    test "$#" -ne 0 || { echo 'error: -b requires an argument' >&2; exit 1; }
+	    branch_name=$1;
+	    shift ;;
+	-t)
+	    shift;
+	    test "$#" -ne 0 || { echo 'error: -t requires an argument' >&2; exit 1; }
+	    target_size=$1;
+	    shift ;;
+	*)
+	    echo "error: unknown option '$1'" >&2; exit 1 ;;
+    esac
+done
+
+git ls-tree -r HEAD >GEN_src_list
+nr_src_files=$(cat GEN_src_list | wc -l)
+
+src_branch=$(git symbolic-ref --short HEAD)
+
+echo "Branch $src_branch initially has $nr_src_files files."
+
+if test $target_size -le $nr_src_files
+then
+    echo "Repository already exceeds target size $target_size."
+    rm GEN_src_list
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Create well-known branch and add 1 file change to start
+# if off before the ballast.
+git checkout -b $branch_name HEAD
+echo "$target_size" > inflate-repo.params
+git add inflate-repo.params
+git commit -q -m params
+
+# Create ballast for in our branch.
+copy=1
+nr_files=$nr_src_files
+while test $nr_files -lt $target_size
+do
+    sed -e "s|	|	$ballast/$copy/|" <GEN_src_list |
+	git update-index --index-info
+
+    nr_files=$(expr $nr_files + $nr_src_files)
+    copy=$(expr $copy + 1)
+done
+rm GEN_src_list
+git commit -q -m "ballast"
+
+# Modify 1 file and commit.
+echo "$target_size" >> inflate-repo.params
+git add inflate-repo.params
+git commit -q -m "ballast plus 1"
+
+nr_files=$(git ls-files | wc -l)
+
+# Checkout master to put repo in canonical state (because
+# the perf test may need to clone and enable sparse-checkout
+# before attempting to checkout a commit with the ballast
+# (because it may contain 100K directories and 1M files)).
+git checkout $src_branch
+
+echo "Repository inflated. Branch $branch_name has $nr_files files."
+
+exit 0
diff --git a/t/perf/repos/many-files.sh b/t/perf/repos/many-files.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..28720e4e10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/repos/many-files.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Generate test data repository using the given parameters.
+# When omitted, we create "gen-many-files-d-w-f.git".
+#
+# Usage: [-r repo] [-d depth] [-w width] [-f files]
+#
+# -r repo: path to the new repo to be generated
+# -d depth: the depth of sub-directories
+# -w width: the number of sub-directories at each level
+# -f files: the number of files created in each directory
+#
+# Note that all files will have the same SHA-1 and each
+# directory at a level will have the same SHA-1, so we
+# will potentially have a large index, but not a large
+# ODB.
+#
+# Ballast will be created under "ballast/".
+
+EMPTY_BLOB=e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391
+
+set -e
+
+# (5, 10, 9) will create 999,999 ballast files.
+# (4, 10, 9) will create  99,999 ballast files.
+depth=5
+width=10
+files=9
+
+while test "$#" -ne 0
+do
+    case "$1" in
+	-r)
+	    shift;
+	    test "$#" -ne 0 || { echo 'error: -r requires an argument' >&2; exit 1; }
+	    repo=$1;
+	    shift ;;
+	-d)
+	    shift;
+	    test "$#" -ne 0 || { echo 'error: -d requires an argument' >&2; exit 1; }
+	    depth=$1;
+	    shift ;;
+	-w)
+	    shift;
+	    test "$#" -ne 0 || { echo 'error: -w requires an argument' >&2; exit 1; }
+	    width=$1;
+	    shift ;;
+	-f)
+	    shift;
+	    test "$#" -ne 0 || { echo 'error: -f requires an argument' >&2; exit 1; }
+	    files=$1;
+	    shift ;;
+	*)
+	    echo "error: unknown option '$1'" >&2; exit 1 ;;
+	esac
+done
+
+# Inflate the index with thousands of empty files.
+# usage: dir depth width files
+fill_index() {
+	awk -v arg_dir=$1 -v arg_depth=$2 -v arg_width=$3 -v arg_files=$4 '
+		function make_paths(dir, depth, width, files, f, w) {
+			for (f = 1; f <= files; f++) {
+				print dir "/file" f
+			}
+			if (depth > 0) {
+				for (w = 1; w <= width; w++) {
+					make_paths(dir "/dir" w, depth - 1, width, files)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		END { make_paths(arg_dir, arg_depth, arg_width, arg_files) }
+		' </dev/null |
+	sed "s/^/100644 $EMPTY_BLOB	/" |
+	git update-index --index-info
+	return 0
+}
+
+[ -z "$repo" ] && repo=gen-many-files-$depth.$width.$files.git
+
+mkdir $repo
+cd $repo
+git init .
+
+# Create an initial commit just to define master.
+touch many-files.empty
+echo "$depth $width $files" >many-files.params
+git add many-files.*
+git commit -q -m params
+
+# Create ballast for p0006 based upon the given params and
+# inflate the index with thousands of empty files and commit.
+git checkout -b p0006-ballast
+fill_index "ballast" $depth $width $files
+git commit -q -m "ballast"
+
+nr_files=$(git ls-files | wc -l)
+
+# Modify 1 file and commit.
+echo "$depth $width $files" >>many-files.params
+git add many-files.params
+git commit -q -m "ballast plus 1"
+
+# Checkout master to put repo in canonical state (because
+# the perf test may need to clone and enable sparse-checkout
+# before attempting to checkout a commit with the ballast
+# (because it may contain 100K directories and 1M files)).
+git checkout master
+
+echo "Repository "$repo" ($depth, $width, $files) created.  Ballast $nr_files."
+exit 0
diff --git a/t/perf/run b/t/perf/run
index cfd70129bb..9aaa733c77 100755
--- a/t/perf/run
+++ b/t/perf/run
@@ -1,17 +1,35 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-case "$1" in
-	--help)
-		echo "usage: $0 [other_git_tree...] [--] [test_scripts]"
-		exit 0
-		;;
-esac
-
 die () {
 	echo >&2 "error: $*"
 	exit 1
 }
 
+while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
+	arg="$1"
+	case "$arg" in
+	--)
+		break ;;
+	--help)
+		echo "usage: $0 [--config file] [--subsection subsec] [other_git_tree...] [--] [test_scripts]"
+		exit 0 ;;
+	--config)
+		shift
+		GIT_PERF_CONFIG_FILE=$(cd "$(dirname "$1")"; pwd)/$(basename "$1")
+		export GIT_PERF_CONFIG_FILE
+		shift ;;
+	--subsection)
+		shift
+		GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION="$1"
+		export GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION
+		shift ;;
+	--*)
+		die "unrecognised option: '$arg'" ;;
+	*)
+		break ;;
+	esac
+done
+
 run_one_dir () {
 	if test $# -eq 0; then
 		set -- p????-*.sh
@@ -24,15 +42,32 @@ run_one_dir () {
 
 unpack_git_rev () {
 	rev=$1
+	echo "=== Unpacking $rev in build/$rev ==="
 	mkdir -p build/$rev
 	(cd "$(git rev-parse --show-cdup)" && git archive --format=tar $rev) |
 	(cd build/$rev && tar x)
 }
+
 build_git_rev () {
 	rev=$1
-	cp ../../config.mak build/$rev/config.mak
-	(cd build/$rev && make $GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS) ||
-	die "failed to build revision '$mydir'"
+	name="$2"
+	for config in config.mak config.mak.autogen config.status
+	do
+		if test -e "../../$config"
+		then
+			cp "../../$config" "build/$rev/"
+		fi
+	done
+	echo "=== Building $rev ($name) ==="
+	(
+		cd build/$rev &&
+		if test -n "$GIT_PERF_MAKE_COMMAND"
+		then
+			sh -c "$GIT_PERF_MAKE_COMMAND"
+		else
+			make $GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS
+		fi
+	) || die "failed to build revision '$mydir'"
 }
 
 run_dirs_helper () {
@@ -50,13 +85,16 @@ run_dirs_helper () {
 		if [ ! -d build/$rev ]; then
 			unpack_git_rev $rev
 		fi
-		build_git_rev $rev
+		build_git_rev $rev "$mydir"
 		mydir=build/$rev
 	fi
 	if test "$mydir" = .; then
 		unset GIT_TEST_INSTALLED
 	else
 		GIT_TEST_INSTALLED="$mydir/bin-wrappers"
+		# Older versions of git lacked bin-wrappers; fallback to the
+		# files in the root.
+		test -d "$GIT_TEST_INSTALLED" || GIT_TEST_INSTALLED=$mydir
 		export GIT_TEST_INSTALLED
 	fi
 	run_one_dir "$@"
@@ -69,14 +107,118 @@ run_dirs () {
 	done
 }
 
-GIT_PERF_AGGREGATING_LATER=t
-export GIT_PERF_AGGREGATING_LATER
+get_subsections () {
+	section="$1"
+	test -z "$GIT_PERF_CONFIG_FILE" && return
+	git config -f "$GIT_PERF_CONFIG_FILE" --name-only --get-regex "$section\..*\.[^.]+" |
+	sed -e "s/$section\.\(.*\)\..*/\1/" | sort | uniq
+}
+
+get_var_from_env_or_config () {
+	env_var="$1"
+	conf_sec="$2"
+	conf_var="$3"
+	conf_opts="$4" # optional
+
+	# Do nothing if the env variable is already set
+	eval "test -z \"\${$env_var+x}\"" || return
+
+	test -z "$GIT_PERF_CONFIG_FILE" && return
+
+	# Check if the variable is in the config file
+	if test -n "$GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION"
+	then
+		var="$conf_sec.$GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION.$conf_var"
+		conf_value=$(git config $conf_opts -f "$GIT_PERF_CONFIG_FILE" "$var") &&
+		eval "$env_var=\"$conf_value\"" && return
+	fi
+	var="$conf_sec.$conf_var"
+	conf_value=$(git config $conf_opts -f "$GIT_PERF_CONFIG_FILE" "$var") &&
+	eval "$env_var=\"$conf_value\""
+}
+
+run_subsection () {
+	get_var_from_env_or_config "GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT" "perf" "repeatCount" "--int"
+	: ${GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT:=3}
+	export GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT
+
+	get_var_from_env_or_config "GIT_PERF_DIRS_OR_REVS" "perf" "dirsOrRevs"
+	set -- $GIT_PERF_DIRS_OR_REVS "$@"
+
+	get_var_from_env_or_config "GIT_PERF_MAKE_COMMAND" "perf" "makeCommand"
+	get_var_from_env_or_config "GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS" "perf" "makeOpts"
+
+	get_var_from_env_or_config "GIT_PERF_REPO_NAME" "perf" "repoName"
+	export GIT_PERF_REPO_NAME
+
+	GIT_PERF_AGGREGATING_LATER=t
+	export GIT_PERF_AGGREGATING_LATER
+
+	if test $# = 0 -o "$1" = -- -o -f "$1"; then
+		set -- . "$@"
+	fi
+
+	codespeed_opt=
+	test "$GIT_PERF_CODESPEED_OUTPUT" = "true" && codespeed_opt="--codespeed"
+
+	run_dirs "$@"
+
+	if test -z "$GIT_PERF_SEND_TO_CODESPEED"
+	then
+		./aggregate.perl $codespeed_opt "$@"
+	else
+		json_res_file="test-results/$GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION/aggregate.json"
+		./aggregate.perl --codespeed "$@" | tee "$json_res_file"
+		send_data_url="$GIT_PERF_SEND_TO_CODESPEED/result/add/json/"
+		curl -v --request POST --data-urlencode "json=$(cat "$json_res_file")" "$send_data_url"
+	fi
+}
+
+get_var_from_env_or_config "GIT_PERF_CODESPEED_OUTPUT" "perf" "codespeedOutput" "--bool"
+get_var_from_env_or_config "GIT_PERF_SEND_TO_CODESPEED" "perf" "sendToCodespeed"
 
 cd "$(dirname $0)"
 . ../../GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
 
-if test $# = 0 -o "$1" = -- -o -f "$1"; then
-	set -- . "$@"
+mkdir -p test-results
+get_subsections "perf" >test-results/run_subsections.names
+
+if test $(wc -l <test-results/run_subsections.names) -eq 0
+then
+	if test -n "$GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION"
+	then
+		if test -n "$GIT_PERF_CONFIG_FILE"
+		then
+			die "no subsections are defined in config file '$GIT_PERF_CONFIG_FILE'"
+		else
+			die "subsection '$GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION' defined without a config file"
+		fi
+	fi
+	(
+		run_subsection "$@"
+	)
+elif test -n "$GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION"
+then
+	egrep "^$GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION\$" test-results/run_subsections.names >/dev/null ||
+		die "subsection '$GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION' not found in '$GIT_PERF_CONFIG_FILE'"
+
+	egrep "^$GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION\$" test-results/run_subsections.names | while read -r subsec
+	do
+		(
+			GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION="$subsec"
+			export GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION
+			echo "======== Run for subsection '$GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION' ========"
+			run_subsection "$@"
+		)
+	done
+else
+	while read -r subsec
+	do
+		(
+			GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION="$subsec"
+			export GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION
+			echo "======== Run for subsection '$GIT_PERF_SUBSECTION' ========"
+			run_subsection "$@"
+		)
+	done <test-results/run_subsections.names
 fi
-run_dirs "$@"
-./aggregate.perl "$@"
diff --git a/t/t0000-basic.sh b/t/t0000-basic.sh
index 79b9074172..850f651e4e 100755
--- a/t/t0000-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t0000-basic.sh
@@ -20,6 +20,31 @@ modification *should* take notice and update the test vectors here.
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+try_local_x () {
+	local x="local" &&
+	echo "$x"
+}
+
+# This test is an experiment to check whether any Git users are using
+# Shells that don't support the "local" keyword. "local" is not
+# POSIX-standard, but it is very widely supported by POSIX-compliant
+# shells, and if it doesn't cause problems for people, we would like
+# to be able to use it in Git code.
+#
+# For now, this is the only test that requires "local". If your shell
+# fails this test, you can ignore the failure, but please report the
+# problem to the Git mailing list <git@vger.kernel.org>, as it might
+# convince us to continue avoiding the use of "local".
+test_expect_success 'verify that the running shell supports "local"' '
+	x="notlocal" &&
+	echo "local" >expected1 &&
+	try_local_x >actual1 &&
+	test_cmp expected1 actual1 &&
+	echo "notlocal" >expected2 &&
+	echo "$x" >actual2 &&
+	test_cmp expected2 actual2
+'
+
 ################################################################
 # git init has been done in an empty repository.
 # make sure it is empty.
@@ -91,14 +116,14 @@ check_sub_test_lib_test () {
 	name="$1" # stdin is the expected output from the test
 	(
 		cd "$name" &&
-		! test -s err &&
+		test_must_be_empty err &&
 		sed -e 's/^> //' -e 's/Z$//' >expect &&
 		test_cmp expect out
 	)
 }
 
 check_sub_test_lib_test_err () {
-	name="$1" # stdin is the expected output output from the test
+	name="$1" # stdin is the expected output from the test
 	# expected error output is in descriptior 3
 	(
 		cd "$name" &&
@@ -814,7 +839,7 @@ test_expect_success 'writing tree out with git write-tree' '
 '
 
 # we know the shape and contents of the tree and know the object ID for it.
-test_expect_success 'validate object ID of a known tree' '
+test_expect_success SHA1 'validate object ID of a known tree' '
 	test "$tree" = 7bb943559a305bdd6bdee2cef6e5df2413c3d30a
     '
 
@@ -834,7 +859,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git write-tree should be able to write an empty tree' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'validate object ID of a known tree' '
-	test "$tree" = 4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904
+	test "$tree" = $EMPTY_TREE
 '
 
 # Various types of objects
@@ -857,7 +882,7 @@ test_expect_success 'showing stage with git ls-files --stage' '
 	git ls-files --stage >current
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'validate git ls-files output for a known tree' '
+test_expect_success SHA1 'validate git ls-files output for a known tree' '
 	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
 	100644 f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154 0	path0
 	120000 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01 0	path0sym
@@ -875,7 +900,7 @@ test_expect_success 'writing tree out with git write-tree' '
 	tree=$(git write-tree)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'validate object ID for a known tree' '
+test_expect_success SHA1 'validate object ID for a known tree' '
 	test "$tree" = 087704a96baf1c2d1c869a8b084481e121c88b5b
 '
 
@@ -883,7 +908,7 @@ test_expect_success 'showing tree with git ls-tree' '
     git ls-tree $tree >current
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'git ls-tree output for a known tree' '
+test_expect_success SHA1 'git ls-tree output for a known tree' '
 	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
 	100644 blob f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154	path0
 	120000 blob 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01	path0sym
@@ -899,7 +924,7 @@ test_expect_success 'showing tree with git ls-tree -r' '
 	git ls-tree -r $tree >current
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'git ls-tree -r output for a known tree' '
+test_expect_success SHA1 'git ls-tree -r output for a known tree' '
 	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
 	100644 blob f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154	path0
 	120000 blob 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01	path0sym
@@ -918,7 +943,7 @@ test_expect_success 'showing tree with git ls-tree -r -t' '
 	git ls-tree -r -t $tree >current
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'git ls-tree -r output for a known tree' '
+test_expect_success SHA1 'git ls-tree -r output for a known tree' '
 	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
 	100644 blob f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154	path0
 	120000 blob 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01	path0sym
@@ -939,7 +964,7 @@ test_expect_success 'writing partial tree out with git write-tree --prefix' '
 	ptree=$(git write-tree --prefix=path3)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'validate object ID for a known tree' '
+test_expect_success SHA1 'validate object ID for a known tree' '
 	test "$ptree" = 21ae8269cacbe57ae09138dcc3a2887f904d02b3
 '
 
@@ -947,7 +972,7 @@ test_expect_success 'writing partial tree out with git write-tree --prefix' '
 	ptree=$(git write-tree --prefix=path3/subp3)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'validate object ID for a known tree' '
+test_expect_success SHA1 'validate object ID for a known tree' '
 	test "$ptree" = 3c5e5399f3a333eddecce7a9b9465b63f65f51e2
 '
 
@@ -981,7 +1006,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git read-tree followed by write-tree should be idempotent'
 	test "$newtree" = "$tree"
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'validate git diff-files output for a know cache/work tree state' '
+test_expect_success SHA1 'validate git diff-files output for a know cache/work tree state' '
 	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
 :100644 100644 f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 M	path0
 :120000 120000 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 M	path0sym
@@ -1008,21 +1033,21 @@ test_expect_success 'no diff after checkout and git update-index --refresh' '
 ################################################################
 P=087704a96baf1c2d1c869a8b084481e121c88b5b
 
-test_expect_success 'git commit-tree records the correct tree in a commit' '
+test_expect_success SHA1 'git commit-tree records the correct tree in a commit' '
 	commit0=$(echo NO | git commit-tree $P) &&
 	tree=$(git show --pretty=raw $commit0 |
 		 sed -n -e "s/^tree //p" -e "/^author /q") &&
 	test "z$tree" = "z$P"
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'git commit-tree records the correct parent in a commit' '
+test_expect_success SHA1 'git commit-tree records the correct parent in a commit' '
 	commit1=$(echo NO | git commit-tree $P -p $commit0) &&
 	parent=$(git show --pretty=raw $commit1 |
 		sed -n -e "s/^parent //p" -e "/^author /q") &&
 	test "z$commit0" = "z$parent"
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'git commit-tree omits duplicated parent in a commit' '
+test_expect_success SHA1 'git commit-tree omits duplicated parent in a commit' '
 	commit2=$(echo NO | git commit-tree $P -p $commit0 -p $commit0) &&
 	     parent=$(git show --pretty=raw $commit2 |
 		sed -n -e "s/^parent //p" -e "/^author /q" |
@@ -1056,7 +1081,7 @@ test_expect_success 'very long name in the index handled sanely' '
 	(
 		git ls-files -s path4 |
 		sed -e "s/	.*/	/" |
-		tr -d "\012"
+		tr -d "\012" &&
 		echo "$a"
 	) | git update-index --index-info &&
 	len=$(git ls-files "a*" | wc -c) &&
diff --git a/t/t0001-init.sh b/t/t0001-init.sh
index 7de8d85ee8..182da069f1 100755
--- a/t/t0001-init.sh
+++ b/t/t0001-init.sh
@@ -87,6 +87,21 @@ test_expect_success 'plain nested in bare through aliased command' '
 	check_config bare-ancestor-aliased.git/plain-nested/.git false unset
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'No extra GIT_* on alias scripts' '
+	write_script script <<-\EOF &&
+	env |
+		sed -n \
+			-e "/^GIT_PREFIX=/d" \
+			-e "/^GIT_TEXTDOMAINDIR=/d" \
+			-e "/^GIT_/s/=.*//p" |
+		sort
+	EOF
+	./script >expected &&
+	git config alias.script \!./script &&
+	( mkdir sub && cd sub && git script >../actual ) &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'plain with GIT_WORK_TREE' '
 	mkdir plain-wt &&
 	test_must_fail env GIT_WORK_TREE="$(pwd)/plain-wt" git init plain-wt
@@ -152,9 +167,8 @@ test_expect_success 'reinit' '
 	) &&
 	test_i18ngrep "Initialized empty" again/out1 &&
 	test_i18ngrep "Reinitialized existing" again/out2 &&
-	>again/empty &&
-	test_i18ncmp again/empty again/err1 &&
-	test_i18ncmp again/empty again/err2
+	test_must_be_empty again/err1 &&
+	test_must_be_empty again/err2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'init with --template' '
@@ -202,8 +216,8 @@ test_expect_success 'init honors global core.sharedRepository' '
 	x$(git config -f shared-honor-global/.git/config core.sharedRepository)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'init rejects insanely long --template' '
-	test_must_fail git init --template=$(printf "x%09999dx" 1) test
+test_expect_success 'init allows insanely long --template' '
+	git init --template=$(printf "x%09999dx" 1) test
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'init creates a new directory' '
@@ -243,6 +257,9 @@ test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'init creates a new deep directory (umask vs. shar
 	(
 		# Leading directories should honor umask while
 		# the repository itself should follow "shared"
+		mkdir newdir &&
+		# Remove a default ACL if possible.
+		(setfacl -k newdir 2>/dev/null || true) &&
 		umask 002 &&
 		git init --bare --shared=0660 newdir/a/b/c &&
 		test_path_is_dir newdir/a/b/c/refs &&
@@ -269,6 +286,7 @@ test_expect_success 'init notices EEXIST (2)' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SANITY 'init notices EPERM' '
+	test_when_finished "chmod +w newdir" &&
 	rm -fr newdir &&
 	mkdir newdir &&
 	chmod -w newdir &&
@@ -297,6 +315,46 @@ test_expect_success 'init with separate gitdir' '
 	test_path_is_dir realgitdir/refs
 '
 
+test_lazy_prereq GETCWD_IGNORES_PERMS '
+	base=GETCWD_TEST_BASE_DIR &&
+	mkdir -p $base/dir &&
+	chmod 100 $base ||
+	error "bug in test script: cannot prepare $base"
+
+	(cd $base/dir && /bin/pwd -P)
+	status=$?
+
+	chmod 700 $base &&
+	rm -rf $base ||
+	error "bug in test script: cannot clean $base"
+	return $status
+'
+
+check_long_base_path () {
+	# exceed initial buffer size of strbuf_getcwd()
+	component=123456789abcdef &&
+	test_when_finished "chmod 0700 $component; rm -rf $component" &&
+	p31=$component/$component &&
+	p127=$p31/$p31/$p31/$p31 &&
+	mkdir -p $p127 &&
+	if test $# = 1
+	then
+		chmod $1 $component
+	fi &&
+	(
+		cd $p127 &&
+		git init newdir
+	)
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'init in long base path' '
+	check_long_base_path
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETCWD_IGNORES_PERMS 'init in long restricted base path' '
+	check_long_base_path 0111
+'
+
 test_expect_success 're-init on .git file' '
 	( cd newdir && git init )
 '
@@ -339,4 +397,72 @@ test_expect_success SYMLINKS 're-init to move gitdir symlink' '
 	test_path_is_dir realgitdir/refs
 '
 
+# Tests for the hidden file attribute on windows
+is_hidden () {
+	# Use the output of `attrib`, ignore the absolute path
+	case "$(attrib "$1")" in *H*?:*) return 0;; esac
+	return 1
+}
+
+test_expect_success MINGW '.git hidden' '
+	rm -rf newdir &&
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
+		mkdir newdir &&
+		cd newdir &&
+		git init &&
+		is_hidden .git
+	) &&
+	check_config newdir/.git false unset
+'
+
+test_expect_success MINGW 'bare git dir not hidden' '
+	rm -rf newdir &&
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_CONFIG &&
+		mkdir newdir &&
+		cd newdir &&
+		git --bare init
+	) &&
+	! is_hidden newdir
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remote init from does not use config from cwd' '
+	rm -rf newdir &&
+	test_config core.logallrefupdates true &&
+	git init newdir &&
+	echo true >expect &&
+	git -C newdir config --bool core.logallrefupdates >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 're-init from a linked worktree' '
+	git init main-worktree &&
+	(
+		cd main-worktree &&
+		test_commit first &&
+		git worktree add ../linked-worktree &&
+		mv .git/info/exclude expected-exclude &&
+		cp .git/config expected-config &&
+		find .git/worktrees -print | sort >expected &&
+		git -C ../linked-worktree init &&
+		test_cmp expected-exclude .git/info/exclude &&
+		test_cmp expected-config .git/config &&
+		find .git/worktrees -print | sort >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success MINGW 'redirect std handles' '
+	GIT_REDIRECT_STDOUT=output.txt git rev-parse --git-dir &&
+	test .git = "$(cat output.txt)" &&
+	test -z "$(GIT_REDIRECT_STDOUT=off git rev-parse --git-dir)" &&
+	test_must_fail env \
+		GIT_REDIRECT_STDOUT=output.txt \
+		GIT_REDIRECT_STDERR="2>&1" \
+		git rev-parse --git-dir --verify refs/invalid &&
+	printf ".git\nfatal: Needed a single revision\n" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect output.txt
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0002-gitfile.sh b/t/t0002-gitfile.sh
index 37e9396e5d..3691023d51 100755
--- a/t/t0002-gitfile.sh
+++ b/t/t0002-gitfile.sh
@@ -10,15 +10,6 @@ objpath() {
 	echo "$1" | sed -e 's|\(..\)|\1/|'
 }
 
-objck() {
-	p=$(objpath "$1")
-	if test ! -f "$REAL/objects/$p"
-	then
-		echo "Object not found: $REAL/objects/$p"
-		false
-	fi
-}
-
 test_expect_success 'initial setup' '
 	REAL="$(pwd)/.real" &&
 	mv .git "$REAL"
@@ -26,30 +17,14 @@ test_expect_success 'initial setup' '
 
 test_expect_success 'bad setup: invalid .git file format' '
 	echo "gitdir $REAL" >.git &&
-	if git rev-parse 2>.err
-	then
-		echo "git rev-parse accepted an invalid .git file"
-		false
-	fi &&
-	if ! grep "Invalid gitfile format" .err
-	then
-		echo "git rev-parse returned wrong error"
-		false
-	fi
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse 2>.err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "invalid gitfile format" .err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'bad setup: invalid .git file path' '
 	echo "gitdir: $REAL.not" >.git &&
-	if git rev-parse 2>.err
-	then
-		echo "git rev-parse accepted an invalid .git file path"
-		false
-	fi &&
-	if ! grep "Not a git repository" .err
-	then
-		echo "git rev-parse returned wrong error"
-		false
-	fi
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse 2>.err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "not a git repository" .err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'final setup + check rev-parse --git-dir' '
@@ -60,7 +35,7 @@ test_expect_success 'final setup + check rev-parse --git-dir' '
 test_expect_success 'check hash-object' '
 	echo "foo" >bar &&
 	SHA=$(cat bar | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
-	objck $SHA
+	test_path_is_file "$REAL/objects/$(objpath $SHA)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check cat-file' '
@@ -69,29 +44,21 @@ test_expect_success 'check cat-file' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check update-index' '
-	if test -f "$REAL/index"
-	then
-		echo "Hmm, $REAL/index exists?"
-		false
-	fi &&
+	test_path_is_missing "$REAL/index" &&
 	rm -f "$REAL/objects/$(objpath $SHA)" &&
 	git update-index --add bar &&
-	if ! test -f "$REAL/index"
-	then
-		echo "$REAL/index not found"
-		false
-	fi &&
-	objck $SHA
+	test_path_is_file "$REAL/index" &&
+	test_path_is_file "$REAL/objects/$(objpath $SHA)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check write-tree' '
 	SHA=$(git write-tree) &&
-	objck $SHA
+	test_path_is_file "$REAL/objects/$(objpath $SHA)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check commit-tree' '
 	SHA=$(echo "commit bar" | git commit-tree $SHA) &&
-	objck $SHA
+	test_path_is_file "$REAL/objects/$(objpath $SHA)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check rev-list' '
@@ -99,4 +66,63 @@ test_expect_success 'check rev-list' '
 	test "$SHA" = "$(git rev-list HEAD)"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'setup_git_dir twice in subdir' '
+	git init sgd &&
+	(
+		cd sgd &&
+		git config alias.lsfi ls-files &&
+		mv .git .realgit &&
+		echo "gitdir: .realgit" >.git &&
+		mkdir subdir &&
+		cd subdir &&
+		>foo &&
+		git add foo &&
+		git lsfi >actual &&
+		echo foo >expected &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'enter_repo non-strict mode' '
+	test_create_repo enter_repo &&
+	(
+		cd enter_repo &&
+		test_tick &&
+		test_commit foo &&
+		mv .git .realgit &&
+		echo "gitdir: .realgit" >.git
+	) &&
+	git ls-remote enter_repo >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	946e985ab20de757ca5b872b16d64e92ff3803a9	HEAD
+	946e985ab20de757ca5b872b16d64e92ff3803a9	refs/heads/master
+	946e985ab20de757ca5b872b16d64e92ff3803a9	refs/tags/foo
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'enter_repo linked checkout' '
+	(
+		cd enter_repo &&
+		git worktree add  ../foo refs/tags/foo
+	) &&
+	git ls-remote foo >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	946e985ab20de757ca5b872b16d64e92ff3803a9	HEAD
+	946e985ab20de757ca5b872b16d64e92ff3803a9	refs/heads/master
+	946e985ab20de757ca5b872b16d64e92ff3803a9	refs/tags/foo
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'enter_repo strict mode' '
+	git ls-remote --upload-pack="git upload-pack --strict" foo/.git >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	946e985ab20de757ca5b872b16d64e92ff3803a9	HEAD
+	946e985ab20de757ca5b872b16d64e92ff3803a9	refs/heads/master
+	946e985ab20de757ca5b872b16d64e92ff3803a9	refs/tags/foo
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0003-attributes.sh b/t/t0003-attributes.sh
index f0fbb42554..22499bce5f 100755
--- a/t/t0003-attributes.sh
+++ b/t/t0003-attributes.sh
@@ -13,15 +13,36 @@ attr_check () {
 	test_line_count = 0 err
 }
 
+attr_check_quote () {
+
+	path="$1"
+	quoted_path="$2"
+	expect="$3"
+
+	git check-attr test -- "$path" >actual &&
+	echo "\"$quoted_path\": test: $expect" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'open-quoted pathname' '
+	echo "\"a test=a" >.gitattributes &&
+	test_must_fail attr_check a a
+'
+
+
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	mkdir -p a/b/d a/c b &&
 	(
-		echo "[attr]notest !test"
-		echo "f	test=f"
-		echo "a/i test=a/i"
-		echo "onoff test -test"
-		echo "offon -test test"
-		echo "no notest"
+		echo "[attr]notest !test" &&
+		echo "\" d \"	test=d" &&
+		echo " e	test=e" &&
+		echo " e\"	test=e" &&
+		echo "f	test=f" &&
+		echo "a/i test=a/i" &&
+		echo "onoff test -test" &&
+		echo "offon -test test" &&
+		echo "no notest" &&
 		echo "A/e/F test=A/e/F"
 	) >.gitattributes &&
 	(
@@ -30,7 +51,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	) >a/.gitattributes &&
 	(
 		echo "h test=a/b/h" &&
-		echo "d/* test=a/b/d/*"
+		echo "d/* test=a/b/d/*" &&
 		echo "d/yes notest"
 	) >a/b/.gitattributes &&
 	(
@@ -69,6 +90,11 @@ test_expect_success 'command line checks' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'attribute test' '
+
+	attr_check " d " d &&
+	attr_check e e &&
+	attr_check_quote e\" e\\\" e &&
+
 	attr_check f f &&
 	attr_check a/f f &&
 	attr_check a/c/f f &&
@@ -182,9 +208,8 @@ test_expect_success 'attribute test: --all option' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'attribute test: --cached option' '
-	: >empty &&
 	git check-attr --cached --stdin --all <stdin-all | sort >actual &&
-	test_cmp empty actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 	git add .gitattributes a/.gitattributes a/b/.gitattributes &&
 	git check-attr --cached --stdin --all <stdin-all | sort >actual &&
 	test_cmp specified-all actual
@@ -261,7 +286,7 @@ test_expect_success 'bare repository: check that .gitattribute is ignored' '
 	(
 		cd bare.git &&
 		(
-			echo "f	test=f"
+			echo "f	test=f" &&
 			echo "a/i test=a/i"
 		) >.gitattributes &&
 		attr_check f unspecified &&
@@ -286,7 +311,7 @@ test_expect_success 'bare repository: test info/attributes' '
 	(
 		cd bare.git &&
 		(
-			echo "f	test=f"
+			echo "f	test=f" &&
 			echo "a/i test=a/i"
 		) >info/attributes &&
 		attr_check f f &&
diff --git a/t/t0005-signals.sh b/t/t0005-signals.sh
index e7f27ebbc1..4c214bd11c 100755
--- a/t/t0005-signals.sh
+++ b/t/t0005-signals.sh
@@ -10,20 +10,21 @@ one
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'sigchain works' '
-	{ test-sigchain >actual; ret=$?; } &&
-	case "$ret" in
-	143) true ;; # POSIX w/ SIGTERM=15
-	271) true ;; # ksh w/ SIGTERM=15
-	  3) true ;; # Windows
-	  *) false ;;
-	esac &&
+	{ test-tool sigchain >actual; ret=$?; } &&
+	{
+		# Signal death by raise() on Windows acts like exit(3),
+		# regardless of the signal number. So we must allow that
+		# as well as the normal signal check.
+		test_match_signal 15 "$ret" ||
+		test "$ret" = 3
+	} &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success !MINGW 'signals are propagated using shell convention' '
 	# we use exec here to avoid any sub-shell interpretation
 	# of the exit code
-	git config alias.sigterm "!exec test-sigchain" &&
+	git config alias.sigterm "!exec test-tool sigchain" &&
 	test_expect_code 143 git sigterm
 '
 
@@ -35,18 +36,18 @@ large_git () {
 }
 
 test_expect_success 'create blob' '
-	test-genrandom foo 16384 >file &&
+	test-tool genrandom foo 16384 >file &&
 	git add file
 '
 
 test_expect_success !MINGW 'a constipated git dies with SIGPIPE' '
 	OUT=$( ((large_git; echo $? 1>&3) | :) 3>&1 ) &&
-	test "$OUT" -eq 141
+	test_match_signal 13 "$OUT"
 '
 
 test_expect_success !MINGW 'a constipated git dies with SIGPIPE even if parent ignores it' '
 	OUT=$( ((trap "" PIPE; large_git; echo $? 1>&3) | :) 3>&1 ) &&
-	test "$OUT" -eq 141
+	test_match_signal 13 "$OUT"
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0006-date.sh b/t/t0006-date.sh
index fac0986134..64ff86df8e 100755
--- a/t/t0006-date.sh
+++ b/t/t0006-date.sh
@@ -6,31 +6,72 @@ test_description='test date parsing and printing'
 # arbitrary reference time: 2009-08-30 19:20:00
 TEST_DATE_NOW=1251660000; export TEST_DATE_NOW
 
-check_show() {
+check_relative() {
 	t=$(($TEST_DATE_NOW - $1))
 	echo "$t -> $2" >expect
 	test_expect_${3:-success} "relative date ($2)" "
-	test-date show $t >actual &&
+	test-tool date relative $t >actual &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 	"
 }
 
-check_show 5 '5 seconds ago'
-check_show 300 '5 minutes ago'
-check_show 18000 '5 hours ago'
-check_show 432000 '5 days ago'
-check_show 1728000 '3 weeks ago'
-check_show 13000000 '5 months ago'
-check_show 37500000 '1 year, 2 months ago'
-check_show 55188000 '1 year, 9 months ago'
-check_show 630000000 '20 years ago'
-check_show 31449600 '12 months ago'
-check_show 62985600 '2 years ago'
+check_relative 5 '5 seconds ago'
+check_relative 300 '5 minutes ago'
+check_relative 18000 '5 hours ago'
+check_relative 432000 '5 days ago'
+check_relative 1728000 '3 weeks ago'
+check_relative 13000000 '5 months ago'
+check_relative 37500000 '1 year, 2 months ago'
+check_relative 55188000 '1 year, 9 months ago'
+check_relative 630000000 '20 years ago'
+check_relative 31449600 '12 months ago'
+check_relative 62985600 '2 years ago'
+
+check_show () {
+	format=$1
+	time=$2
+	expect=$3
+	prereqs=$4
+	zone=$5
+	test_expect_success $prereqs "show date ($format:$time)" '
+		echo "$time -> $expect" >expect &&
+		TZ=${zone:-$TZ} test-tool date show:"$format" "$time" >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+}
+
+# arbitrary but sensible time for examples
+TIME='1466000000 +0200'
+check_show iso8601 "$TIME" '2016-06-15 16:13:20 +0200'
+check_show iso8601-strict "$TIME" '2016-06-15T16:13:20+02:00'
+check_show rfc2822 "$TIME" 'Wed, 15 Jun 2016 16:13:20 +0200'
+check_show short "$TIME" '2016-06-15'
+check_show default "$TIME" 'Wed Jun 15 16:13:20 2016 +0200'
+check_show raw "$TIME" '1466000000 +0200'
+check_show unix "$TIME" '1466000000'
+check_show iso-local "$TIME" '2016-06-15 14:13:20 +0000'
+check_show raw-local "$TIME" '1466000000 +0000'
+check_show unix-local "$TIME" '1466000000'
+
+check_show 'format:%z' "$TIME" '+0200'
+check_show 'format-local:%z' "$TIME" '+0000'
+check_show 'format:%Z' "$TIME" ''
+check_show 'format-local:%Z' "$TIME" 'UTC'
+check_show 'format:%%z' "$TIME" '%z'
+check_show 'format-local:%%z' "$TIME" '%z'
+
+check_show 'format:%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' "$TIME" '2016-06-15 16:13:20'
+check_show 'format-local:%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' "$TIME" '2016-06-15 09:13:20' '' EST5
+
+# arbitrary time absurdly far in the future
+FUTURE="5758122296 -0400"
+check_show iso       "$FUTURE" "2152-06-19 18:24:56 -0400" TIME_IS_64BIT,TIME_T_IS_64BIT
+check_show iso-local "$FUTURE" "2152-06-19 22:24:56 +0000" TIME_IS_64BIT,TIME_T_IS_64BIT
 
 check_parse() {
 	echo "$1 -> $2" >expect
 	test_expect_${4:-success} "parse date ($1${3:+ TZ=$3})" "
-	TZ=${3:-$TZ} test-date parse '$1' >actual &&
+	TZ=${3:-$TZ} test-tool date parse '$1' >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 	"
 }
@@ -51,7 +92,7 @@ check_parse '2008-02-14 20:30:45' '2008-02-14 20:30:45 -0500' EST5
 check_approxidate() {
 	echo "$1 -> $2 +0000" >expect
 	test_expect_${3:-success} "parse approxidate ($1)" "
-	test-date approxidate '$1' >actual &&
+	test-tool date approxidate '$1' >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 	"
 }
diff --git a/t/t0008-ignores.sh b/t/t0008-ignores.sh
index 8dc6939b90..1744cee5e9 100755
--- a/t/t0008-ignores.sh
+++ b/t/t0008-ignores.sh
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ test_description=check-ignore
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 init_vars () {
-	global_excludes="$(pwd)/global-excludes"
+	global_excludes="global-excludes"
 }
 
 enable_global_excludes () {
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ expect_from_stdin () {
 test_stderr () {
 	expected="$1"
 	expect_in stderr "$1" &&
-	test_cmp "$HOME/expected-stderr" "$HOME/stderr"
+	test_i18ncmp "$HOME/expected-stderr" "$HOME/stderr"
 }
 
 broken_c_unquote () {
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ broken_c_unquote_verbose () {
 
 stderr_contains () {
 	regexp="$1"
-	if grep "$regexp" "$HOME/stderr"
+	if test_i18ngrep "$regexp" "$HOME/stderr"
 	then
 		return 0
 	else
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ test_expect_success_multi 'needs work tree' '' '
 		cd .git &&
 		test_check_ignore "foo" 128
 	) &&
-	stderr_contains "fatal: This operation must be run in a work tree"
+	stderr_contains "fatal: this operation must be run in a work tree"
 '
 
 ############################################################################
@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@ cat <<-EOF >expected-verbose
 	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	a/b/one
 	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	a/b/one one
 	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	a/b/one two
-	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	"a/b/one\"three"
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	"a/b/one\\"three"
 	a/b/.gitignore:9:!two	a/b/two
 	a/.gitignore:1:two*	a/b/twooo
 	$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	globaltwo
@@ -686,7 +686,7 @@ cat <<-EOF >expected-all
 	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	b/one
 	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	b/one one
 	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	b/one two
-	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	"b/one\"three"
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	"b/one\\"three"
 	a/b/.gitignore:9:!two	b/two
 	::	b/not-ignored
 	a/.gitignore:1:two*	b/twooo
@@ -775,6 +775,26 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'streaming support for --stdin' '
 	echo "$response" | grep "^::	two"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'existing file and directory' '
+	test_when_finished "rm one" &&
+	test_when_finished "rmdir top-level-dir" &&
+	>one &&
+	mkdir top-level-dir &&
+	git check-ignore one top-level-dir >actual &&
+	grep one actual &&
+	grep top-level-dir actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'existing directory and file' '
+	test_when_finished "rm one" &&
+	test_when_finished "rmdir top-level-dir" &&
+	>one &&
+	mkdir top-level-dir &&
+	git check-ignore top-level-dir one >actual &&
+	grep one actual &&
+	grep top-level-dir actual
+'
+
 ############################################################################
 #
 # test whitespace handling
@@ -787,10 +807,9 @@ test_expect_success 'trailing whitespace is ignored' '
 	cat >expect <<EOF &&
 whitespace/untracked
 EOF
-	: >err.expect &&
 	git ls-files -o -X ignore whitespace >actual 2>err &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
-	test_cmp err.expect err
+	test_must_be_empty err
 '
 
 test_expect_success !MINGW 'quoting allows trailing whitespace' '
@@ -800,10 +819,9 @@ test_expect_success !MINGW 'quoting allows trailing whitespace' '
 	>whitespace/untracked &&
 	echo "whitespace/trailing\\ \\ " >ignore &&
 	echo whitespace/untracked >expect &&
-	: >err.expect &&
 	git ls-files -o -X ignore whitespace >actual 2>err &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
-	test_cmp err.expect err
+	test_must_be_empty err
 '
 
 test_expect_success !MINGW,!CYGWIN 'correct handling of backslashes' '
@@ -825,10 +843,19 @@ test_expect_success !MINGW,!CYGWIN 'correct handling of backslashes' '
 	whitespace/trailing 6 \\a\\Z
 	EOF
 	echo whitespace/untracked >expect &&
-	>err.expect &&
 	git ls-files -o -X ignore whitespace >actual 2>err &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
-	test_cmp err.expect err
+	test_must_be_empty err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'info/exclude trumps core.excludesfile' '
+	echo >>global-excludes usually-ignored &&
+	echo >>.git/info/exclude "!usually-ignored" &&
+	>usually-ignored &&
+	echo "?? usually-ignored" >expect &&
+
+	git status --porcelain usually-ignored >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0009-prio-queue.sh b/t/t0009-prio-queue.sh
index 94045c3fad..e56dfce668 100755
--- a/t/t0009-prio-queue.sh
+++ b/t/t0009-prio-queue.sh
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ cat >expect <<'EOF'
 10
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'basic ordering' '
-	test-prio-queue 2 6 3 10 9 5 7 4 5 8 1 dump >actual &&
+	test-tool prio-queue 2 6 3 10 9 5 7 4 5 8 1 dump >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ cat >expect <<'EOF'
 6
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'mixed put and get' '
-	test-prio-queue 6 2 4 get 5 3 get get 1 dump >actual &&
+	test-tool prio-queue 6 2 4 get 5 3 get get 1 dump >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ NULL
 NULL
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'notice empty queue' '
-	test-prio-queue 1 2 get get get 1 2 get get get >actual &&
+	test-tool prio-queue 1 2 get get get 1 2 get get get >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t0011-hashmap.sh b/t/t0011-hashmap.sh
index 9c217d948c..3f1f505e89 100755
--- a/t/t0011-hashmap.sh
+++ b/t/t0011-hashmap.sh
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ test_description='test hashmap and string hash functions'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_hashmap() {
-	echo "$1" | test-hashmap $3 > actual &&
+	echo "$1" | test-tool hashmap $3 > actual &&
 	echo "$2" > expect &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 }
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ test_expect_success 'grow / shrink' '
 	echo value40 >> expect &&
 	echo size >> in &&
 	echo 64 39 >> expect &&
-	cat in | test-hashmap > out &&
+	cat in | test-tool hashmap > out &&
 	test_cmp expect out
 
 '
diff --git a/t/t0012-help.sh b/t/t0012-help.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..bc27df7f38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0012-help.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='help'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+configure_help () {
+	test_config help.format html &&
+
+	# Unless the path has "://" in it, Git tries to make sure
+	# the documentation directory locally exists. Avoid it as
+	# we are only interested in seeing an attempt to correctly
+	# invoke a help browser in this test.
+	test_config help.htmlpath test://html &&
+
+	# Name a custom browser
+	test_config browser.test.cmd ./test-browser &&
+	test_config help.browser test
+}
+
+test_expect_success "setup" '
+	# Just write out which page gets requested
+	write_script test-browser <<-\EOF
+	echo "$*" >test-browser.log
+	EOF
+'
+
+# make sure to exercise these code paths, the output is a bit tricky
+# to verify
+test_expect_success 'basic help commands' '
+	git help >/dev/null &&
+	git help -a >/dev/null &&
+	git help -g >/dev/null &&
+	git help -av >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success "works for commands and guides by default" '
+	configure_help &&
+	git help status &&
+	echo "test://html/git-status.html" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect test-browser.log &&
+	git help revisions &&
+	echo "test://html/gitrevisions.html" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect test-browser.log
+'
+
+test_expect_success "--exclude-guides does not work for guides" '
+	>test-browser.log &&
+	test_must_fail git help --exclude-guides revisions &&
+	test_must_be_empty test-browser.log
+'
+
+test_expect_success "--help does not work for guides" "
+	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
+		git: 'revisions' is not a git command. See 'git --help'.
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git revisions --help 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'git help' '
+	git help >help.output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "^   clone  " help.output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "^   add    " help.output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "^   log    " help.output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "^   commit " help.output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "^   fetch  " help.output
+'
+test_expect_success 'git help -g' '
+	git help -g >help.output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "^   attributes " help.output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "^   everyday   " help.output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "^   tutorial   " help.output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'generate builtin list' '
+	git --list-cmds=builtins >builtins
+'
+
+while read builtin
+do
+	test_expect_success "$builtin can handle -h" '
+		test_expect_code 129 git $builtin -h >output 2>&1 &&
+		test_i18ngrep usage output
+	'
+done <builtins
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0013-sha1dc.sh b/t/t0013-sha1dc.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..419f31a8f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0013-sha1dc.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test sha1 collision detection'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+TEST_DATA="$TEST_DIRECTORY/t0013"
+
+if test -z "$DC_SHA1"
+then
+	skip_all='skipping sha1 collision tests, DC_SHA1 not set'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+test_expect_success 'test-sha1 detects shattered pdf' '
+	test_must_fail test-tool sha1 <"$TEST_DATA/shattered-1.pdf" 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep collision err &&
+	grep 38762cf7f55934b34d179ae6a4c80cadccbb7f0a err
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0013/shattered-1.pdf b/t/t0013/shattered-1.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ba9aaa145c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0013/shattered-1.pdf
diff --git a/t/t0019-json-writer.sh b/t/t0019-json-writer.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3b0c336b38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0019-json-writer.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test json-writer JSON generation'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'unit test of json-writer routines' '
+	test-tool json-writer -u
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'trivial object' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	{}
+	EOF
+	cat >input <<-\EOF &&
+	object
+	end
+	EOF
+	test-tool json-writer <input >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'trivial array' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	[]
+	EOF
+	cat >input <<-\EOF &&
+	array
+	end
+	EOF
+	test-tool json-writer <input >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'simple object' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	{"a":"abc","b":42,"c":3.14,"d":true,"e":false,"f":null}
+	EOF
+	cat >input <<-\EOF &&
+	object
+		object-string a abc
+		object-int b 42
+		object-double c 2 3.140
+		object-true d
+		object-false e
+		object-null f
+	end
+	EOF
+	test-tool json-writer <input >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'simple array' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	["abc",42,3.14,true,false,null]
+	EOF
+	cat >input <<-\EOF &&
+	array
+		array-string abc
+		array-int 42
+		array-double 2 3.140
+		array-true
+		array-false
+		array-null
+	end
+	EOF
+	test-tool json-writer <input >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'escape quoting string' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	{"a":"abc\\def"}
+	EOF
+	cat >input <<-\EOF &&
+	object
+		object-string a abc\def
+	end
+	EOF
+	test-tool json-writer <input >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'escape quoting string 2' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	{"a":"abc\"def"}
+	EOF
+	cat >input <<-\EOF &&
+	object
+		object-string a abc"def
+	end
+	EOF
+	test-tool json-writer <input >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'nested inline object' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	{"a":"abc","b":42,"sub1":{"c":3.14,"d":true,"sub2":{"e":false,"f":null}}}
+	EOF
+	cat >input <<-\EOF &&
+	object
+		object-string a abc
+		object-int b 42
+		object-object sub1
+			object-double c 2 3.140
+			object-true d
+			object-object sub2
+				object-false e
+				object-null f
+			end
+		end
+	end
+	EOF
+	test-tool json-writer <input >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'nested inline array' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	["abc",42,[3.14,true,[false,null]]]
+	EOF
+	cat >input <<-\EOF &&
+	array
+		array-string abc
+		array-int 42
+		array-array
+			array-double 2 3.140
+			array-true
+			array-array
+				array-false
+				array-null
+			end
+		end
+	end
+	EOF
+	test-tool json-writer <input >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'nested inline object and array' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	{"a":"abc","b":42,"sub1":{"c":3.14,"d":true,"sub2":[false,null]}}
+	EOF
+	cat >input <<-\EOF &&
+	object
+		object-string a abc
+		object-int b 42
+		object-object sub1
+			object-double c 2 3.140
+			object-true d
+			object-array sub2
+				array-false
+				array-null
+			end
+		end
+	end
+	EOF
+	test-tool json-writer <input >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'nested inline object and array 2' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	{"a":"abc","b":42,"sub1":{"c":3.14,"d":true,"sub2":[false,{"g":0,"h":1},null]}}
+	EOF
+	cat >input <<-\EOF &&
+	object
+		object-string a abc
+		object-int b 42
+		object-object sub1
+			object-double c 2 3.140
+			object-true d
+			object-array sub2
+				array-false
+				array-object
+					object-int g 0
+					object-int h 1
+				end
+				array-null
+			end
+		end
+	end
+	EOF
+	test-tool json-writer <input >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pretty nested inline object and array 2' '
+	sed -e "s/^|//" >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	|{
+	|  "a": "abc",
+	|  "b": 42,
+	|  "sub1": {
+	|    "c": 3.14,
+	|    "d": true,
+	|    "sub2": [
+	|      false,
+	|      {
+	|        "g": 0,
+	|        "h": 1
+	|      },
+	|      null
+	|    ]
+	|  }
+	|}
+	EOF
+	cat >input <<-\EOF &&
+	object
+		object-string a abc
+		object-int b 42
+		object-object sub1
+			object-double c 2 3.140
+			object-true d
+			object-array sub2
+				array-false
+				array-object
+					object-int g 0
+					object-int h 1
+				end
+				array-null
+			end
+		end
+	end
+	EOF
+	test-tool json-writer -p <input >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'inline object with no members' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	{"a":"abc","empty":{},"b":42}
+	EOF
+	cat >input <<-\EOF &&
+	object
+		object-string a abc
+		object-object empty
+		end
+		object-int b 42
+	end
+	EOF
+	test-tool json-writer <input >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'inline array with no members' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	{"a":"abc","empty":[],"b":42}
+	EOF
+	cat >input <<-\EOF &&
+	object
+		object-string a abc
+		object-array empty
+		end
+		object-int b 42
+	end
+	EOF
+	test-tool json-writer <input >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'larger empty example' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	{"a":"abc","empty":[{},{},{},[],{}],"b":42}
+	EOF
+	cat >input <<-\EOF &&
+	object
+		object-string a abc
+		object-array empty
+			array-object
+			end
+			array-object
+			end
+			array-object
+			end
+			array-array
+			end
+			array-object
+			end
+		end
+		object-int b 42
+	end
+	EOF
+	test-tool json-writer <input >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_lazy_prereq PERLJSON '
+	perl -MJSON -e "exit 0"
+'
+
+# As a sanity check, ask Perl to parse our generated JSON and recursively
+# dump the resulting data in sorted order.  Confirm that that matches our
+# expectations.
+test_expect_success PERLJSON 'parse JSON using Perl' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	row[0].a abc
+	row[0].b 42
+	row[0].sub1 hash
+	row[0].sub1.c 3.14
+	row[0].sub1.d 1
+	row[0].sub1.sub2 array
+	row[0].sub1.sub2[0] 0
+	row[0].sub1.sub2[1] hash
+	row[0].sub1.sub2[1].g 0
+	row[0].sub1.sub2[1].h 1
+	row[0].sub1.sub2[2] null
+	EOF
+	cat >input <<-\EOF &&
+	object
+		object-string a abc
+		object-int b 42
+		object-object sub1
+			object-double c 2 3.140
+			object-true d
+			object-array sub2
+				array-false
+				array-object
+					object-int g 0
+					object-int h 1
+				end
+				array-null
+			end
+		end
+	end
+	EOF
+	test-tool json-writer <input >output.json &&
+	perl "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t0019/parse_json.perl <output.json >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0019/parse_json.perl b/t/t0019/parse_json.perl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ca4e5bfa78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0019/parse_json.perl
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use JSON;
+
+sub dump_array {
+    my ($label_in, $ary_ref) = @_;
+    my @ary = @$ary_ref;
+
+    for ( my $i = 0; $i <= $#{ $ary_ref }; $i++ )
+    {
+	my $label = "$label_in\[$i\]";
+	dump_item($label, $ary[$i]);
+    }
+}
+
+sub dump_hash {
+    my ($label_in, $obj_ref) = @_;
+    my %obj = %$obj_ref;
+
+    foreach my $k (sort keys %obj) {
+	my $label = (length($label_in) > 0) ? "$label_in.$k" : "$k";
+	my $value = $obj{$k};
+
+	dump_item($label, $value);
+    }
+}
+
+sub dump_item {
+    my ($label_in, $value) = @_;
+    if (ref($value) eq 'ARRAY') {
+	print "$label_in array\n";
+	dump_array($label_in, $value);
+    } elsif (ref($value) eq 'HASH') {
+	print "$label_in hash\n";
+	dump_hash($label_in, $value);
+    } elsif (defined $value) {
+	print "$label_in $value\n";
+    } else {
+	print "$label_in null\n";
+    }
+}
+
+my $row = 0;
+while (<>) {
+    my $data = decode_json( $_ );
+    my $label = "row[$row]";
+
+    dump_hash($label, $data);
+    $row++;
+}
+
diff --git a/t/t0020-crlf.sh b/t/t0020-crlf.sh
index f7a6a3ce7d..854da0ae16 100755
--- a/t/t0020-crlf.sh
+++ b/t/t0020-crlf.sh
@@ -35,9 +35,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	for w in Some extra lines here; do echo $w; done >>one &&
 	git diff >patch.file &&
 	patched=$(git hash-object --stdin <one) &&
-	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
-
-	echo happy.
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'safecrlf: autocrlf=input, all CRLF' '
@@ -85,7 +83,11 @@ test_expect_success 'safecrlf: print warning only once' '
 	git add doublewarn &&
 	git commit -m "nowarn" &&
 	for w in Oh here is CRLFQ in text; do echo $w; done | q_to_cr >doublewarn &&
-	test $(git add doublewarn 2>&1 | grep "CRLF will be replaced by LF" | wc -l) = 1
+	git add doublewarn 2>err &&
+	if test_have_prereq C_LOCALE_OUTPUT
+	then
+		test $(grep "CRLF will be replaced by LF" err | wc -l) = 1
+	fi
 '
 
 
@@ -96,6 +98,16 @@ test_expect_success 'safecrlf: git diff demotes safecrlf=true to warn' '
 '
 
 
+test_expect_success 'safecrlf: no warning with safecrlf=false' '
+	git config core.autocrlf input &&
+	git config core.safecrlf false &&
+
+	for w in I am all CRLF; do echo $w; done | append_cr >allcrlf &&
+	git add allcrlf 2>err &&
+	test_must_be_empty err
+'
+
+
 test_expect_success 'switch off autocrlf, safecrlf, reset HEAD' '
 	git config core.autocrlf false &&
 	git config core.safecrlf false &&
@@ -225,29 +237,9 @@ test_expect_success '.gitattributes says two is binary' '
 	git config core.autocrlf true &&
 	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
 
-	if has_cr dir/two
-	then
-		echo "Huh?"
-		false
-	else
-		: happy
-	fi &&
-
-	if has_cr one
-	then
-		: happy
-	else
-		echo "Huh?"
-		false
-	fi &&
-
-	if has_cr three
-	then
-		echo "Huh?"
-		false
-	else
-		: happy
-	fi
+	test_must_fail has_cr dir/two &&
+	verbose has_cr one &&
+	test_must_fail has_cr three
 '
 
 test_expect_success '.gitattributes says two is input' '
@@ -256,13 +248,7 @@ test_expect_success '.gitattributes says two is input' '
 	echo "two crlf=input" >.gitattributes &&
 	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
 
-	if has_cr dir/two
-	then
-		echo "Huh?"
-		false
-	else
-		: happy
-	fi
+	test_must_fail has_cr dir/two
 '
 
 test_expect_success '.gitattributes says two and three are text' '
diff --git a/t/t0021-conversion.sh b/t/t0021-conversion.sh
index ca7d2a630a..308cd28f3b 100755
--- a/t/t0021-conversion.sh
+++ b/t/t0021-conversion.sh
@@ -4,13 +4,72 @@ test_description='blob conversion via gitattributes'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-cat <<EOF >rot13.sh
-#!$SHELL_PATH
+TEST_ROOT="$PWD"
+PATH=$TEST_ROOT:$PATH
+
+write_script <<\EOF "$TEST_ROOT/rot13.sh"
 tr \
   'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ' \
   'nopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJKLM'
 EOF
-chmod +x rot13.sh
+
+write_script rot13-filter.pl "$PERL_PATH" \
+	<"$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t0021/rot13-filter.pl
+
+generate_random_characters () {
+	LEN=$1
+	NAME=$2
+	test-tool genrandom some-seed $LEN |
+		perl -pe "s/./chr((ord($&) % 26) + ord('a'))/sge" >"$TEST_ROOT/$NAME"
+}
+
+file_size () {
+	perl -e 'print -s $ARGV[0]' "$1"
+}
+
+filter_git () {
+	rm -f *.log &&
+	git "$@"
+}
+
+# Compare two files and ensure that `clean` and `smudge` respectively are
+# called at least once if specified in the `expect` file. The actual
+# invocation count is not relevant because their number can vary.
+# c.f. http://public-inbox.org/git/xmqqshv18i8i.fsf@gitster.mtv.corp.google.com/
+test_cmp_count () {
+	expect=$1
+	actual=$2
+	for FILE in "$expect" "$actual"
+	do
+		sort "$FILE" | uniq -c |
+		sed -e "s/^ *[0-9][0-9]*[ 	]*IN: /x IN: /" >"$FILE.tmp"
+	done &&
+	test_cmp "$expect.tmp" "$actual.tmp" &&
+	rm "$expect.tmp" "$actual.tmp"
+}
+
+# Compare two files but exclude all `clean` invocations because Git can
+# call `clean` zero or more times.
+# c.f. http://public-inbox.org/git/xmqqshv18i8i.fsf@gitster.mtv.corp.google.com/
+test_cmp_exclude_clean () {
+	expect=$1
+	actual=$2
+	for FILE in "$expect" "$actual"
+	do
+		grep -v "IN: clean" "$FILE" >"$FILE.tmp"
+	done &&
+	test_cmp "$expect.tmp" "$actual.tmp" &&
+	rm "$expect.tmp" "$actual.tmp"
+}
+
+# Check that the contents of two files are equal and that their rot13 version
+# is equal to the committed content.
+test_cmp_committed_rot13 () {
+	test_cmp "$1" "$2" &&
+	rot13.sh <"$1" >expected &&
+	git cat-file blob :"$2" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+}
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 	git config filter.rot13.smudge ./rot13.sh &&
@@ -31,15 +90,18 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	cat test >test.i &&
 	git add test test.t test.i &&
 	rm -f test test.t test.i &&
-	git checkout -- test test.t test.i
+	git checkout -- test test.t test.i &&
+
+	echo "content-test2" >test2.o &&
+	echo "content-test3 - filename with special characters" >"test3 '\''sq'\'',\$x=.o"
 '
 
 script='s/^\$Id: \([0-9a-f]*\) \$/\1/p'
 
 test_expect_success check '
 
-	cmp test.o test &&
-	cmp test.o test.t &&
+	test_cmp test.o test &&
+	test_cmp test.o test.t &&
 
 	# ident should be stripped in the repository
 	git diff --raw --exit-code :test :test.i &&
@@ -47,10 +109,10 @@ test_expect_success check '
 	embedded=$(sed -ne "$script" test.i) &&
 	test "z$id" = "z$embedded" &&
 
-	git cat-file blob :test.t > test.r &&
+	git cat-file blob :test.t >test.r &&
 
-	./rot13.sh < test.o > test.t &&
-	cmp test.r test.t
+	./rot13.sh <test.o >test.t &&
+	test_cmp test.r test.t
 '
 
 # If an expanded ident ever gets into the repository, we want to make sure that
@@ -130,7 +192,7 @@ test_expect_success 'filter shell-escaped filenames' '
 
 	# delete the files and check them out again, using a smudge filter
 	# that will count the args and echo the command-line back to us
-	git config filter.argc.smudge "sh ./argc.sh %f" &&
+	test_config filter.argc.smudge "sh ./argc.sh %f" &&
 	rm "$normal" "$special" &&
 	git checkout -- "$normal" "$special" &&
 
@@ -141,7 +203,7 @@ test_expect_success 'filter shell-escaped filenames' '
 	test_cmp expect "$special" &&
 
 	# do the same thing, but with more args in the filter expression
-	git config filter.argc.smudge "sh ./argc.sh %f --my-extra-arg" &&
+	test_config filter.argc.smudge "sh ./argc.sh %f --my-extra-arg" &&
 	rm "$normal" "$special" &&
 	git checkout -- "$normal" "$special" &&
 
@@ -154,9 +216,9 @@ test_expect_success 'filter shell-escaped filenames' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'required filter should filter data' '
-	git config filter.required.smudge ./rot13.sh &&
-	git config filter.required.clean ./rot13.sh &&
-	git config filter.required.required true &&
+	test_config filter.required.smudge ./rot13.sh &&
+	test_config filter.required.clean ./rot13.sh &&
+	test_config filter.required.required true &&
 
 	echo "*.r filter=required" >.gitattributes &&
 
@@ -165,17 +227,17 @@ test_expect_success 'required filter should filter data' '
 
 	rm -f test.r &&
 	git checkout -- test.r &&
-	cmp test.o test.r &&
+	test_cmp test.o test.r &&
 
 	./rot13.sh <test.o >expected &&
 	git cat-file blob :test.r >actual &&
-	cmp expected actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'required filter smudge failure' '
-	git config filter.failsmudge.smudge false &&
-	git config filter.failsmudge.clean cat &&
-	git config filter.failsmudge.required true &&
+	test_config filter.failsmudge.smudge false &&
+	test_config filter.failsmudge.clean cat &&
+	test_config filter.failsmudge.required true &&
 
 	echo "*.fs filter=failsmudge" >.gitattributes &&
 
@@ -186,9 +248,9 @@ test_expect_success 'required filter smudge failure' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'required filter clean failure' '
-	git config filter.failclean.smudge cat &&
-	git config filter.failclean.clean false &&
-	git config filter.failclean.required true &&
+	test_config filter.failclean.smudge cat &&
+	test_config filter.failclean.clean false &&
+	test_config filter.failclean.required true &&
 
 	echo "*.fc filter=failclean" >.gitattributes &&
 
@@ -197,23 +259,562 @@ test_expect_success 'required filter clean failure' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'filtering large input to small output should use little memory' '
-	git config filter.devnull.clean "cat >/dev/null" &&
-	git config filter.devnull.required true &&
+	test_config filter.devnull.clean "cat >/dev/null" &&
+	test_config filter.devnull.required true &&
 	for i in $(test_seq 1 30); do printf "%1048576d" 1; done >30MB &&
 	echo "30MB filter=devnull" >.gitattributes &&
 	GIT_MMAP_LIMIT=1m GIT_ALLOC_LIMIT=1m git add 30MB
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'filter that does not read is fine' '
+	test-tool genrandom foo $((128 * 1024 + 1)) >big &&
+	echo "big filter=epipe" >.gitattributes &&
+	test_config filter.epipe.clean "echo xyzzy" &&
+	git add big &&
+	git cat-file blob :big >actual &&
+	echo xyzzy >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success EXPENSIVE 'filter large file' '
-	git config filter.largefile.smudge cat &&
-	git config filter.largefile.clean cat &&
+	test_config filter.largefile.smudge cat &&
+	test_config filter.largefile.clean cat &&
 	for i in $(test_seq 1 2048); do printf "%1048576d" 1; done >2GB &&
 	echo "2GB filter=largefile" >.gitattributes &&
 	git add 2GB 2>err &&
-	! test -s err &&
+	test_must_be_empty err &&
 	rm -f 2GB &&
 	git checkout -- 2GB 2>err &&
-	! test -s err
+	test_must_be_empty err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "filter: clean empty file" '
+	test_config filter.in-repo-header.clean  "echo cleaned && cat" &&
+	test_config filter.in-repo-header.smudge "sed 1d" &&
+
+	echo "empty-in-worktree    filter=in-repo-header" >>.gitattributes &&
+	>empty-in-worktree &&
+
+	echo cleaned >expected &&
+	git add empty-in-worktree &&
+	git show :empty-in-worktree >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "filter: smudge empty file" '
+	test_config filter.empty-in-repo.clean "cat >/dev/null" &&
+	test_config filter.empty-in-repo.smudge "echo smudged && cat" &&
+
+	echo "empty-in-repo filter=empty-in-repo" >>.gitattributes &&
+	echo dead data walking >empty-in-repo &&
+	git add empty-in-repo &&
+
+	echo smudged >expected &&
+	git checkout-index --prefix=filtered- empty-in-repo &&
+	test_cmp expected filtered-empty-in-repo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'disable filter with empty override' '
+	test_config_global filter.disable.smudge false &&
+	test_config_global filter.disable.clean false &&
+	test_config filter.disable.smudge false &&
+	test_config filter.disable.clean false &&
+
+	echo "*.disable filter=disable" >.gitattributes &&
+
+	echo test >test.disable &&
+	git -c filter.disable.clean= add test.disable 2>err &&
+	test_must_be_empty err &&
+	rm -f test.disable &&
+	git -c filter.disable.smudge= checkout -- test.disable 2>err &&
+	test_must_be_empty err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff does not reuse worktree files that need cleaning' '
+	test_config filter.counter.clean "echo . >>count; sed s/^/clean:/" &&
+	echo "file filter=counter" >.gitattributes &&
+	test_commit one file &&
+	test_commit two file &&
+
+	>count &&
+	git diff-tree -p HEAD &&
+	test_line_count = 0 count
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'required process filter should filter data' '
+	test_config_global filter.protocol.process "rot13-filter.pl debug.log clean smudge" &&
+	test_config_global filter.protocol.required true &&
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	mkdir repo &&
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		git init &&
+
+		echo "*.r filter=protocol" >.gitattributes &&
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -m "test commit 1" &&
+		git branch empty-branch &&
+
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test.r &&
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test2.o" test2.r &&
+		mkdir testsubdir &&
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test3 '\''sq'\'',\$x=.o" "testsubdir/test3 '\''sq'\'',\$x=.r" &&
+		>test4-empty.r &&
+
+		S=$(file_size test.r) &&
+		S2=$(file_size test2.r) &&
+		S3=$(file_size "testsubdir/test3 '\''sq'\'',\$x=.r") &&
+
+		filter_git add . &&
+		cat >expected.log <<-EOF &&
+			START
+			init handshake complete
+			IN: clean test.r $S [OK] -- OUT: $S . [OK]
+			IN: clean test2.r $S2 [OK] -- OUT: $S2 . [OK]
+			IN: clean test4-empty.r 0 [OK] -- OUT: 0  [OK]
+			IN: clean testsubdir/test3 '\''sq'\'',\$x=.r $S3 [OK] -- OUT: $S3 . [OK]
+			STOP
+		EOF
+		test_cmp_count expected.log debug.log &&
+
+		git commit -m "test commit 2" &&
+		rm -f test2.r "testsubdir/test3 '\''sq'\'',\$x=.r" &&
+
+		filter_git checkout --quiet --no-progress . &&
+		cat >expected.log <<-EOF &&
+			START
+			init handshake complete
+			IN: smudge test2.r $S2 [OK] -- OUT: $S2 . [OK]
+			IN: smudge testsubdir/test3 '\''sq'\'',\$x=.r $S3 [OK] -- OUT: $S3 . [OK]
+			STOP
+		EOF
+		test_cmp_exclude_clean expected.log debug.log &&
+
+		filter_git checkout --quiet --no-progress empty-branch &&
+		cat >expected.log <<-EOF &&
+			START
+			init handshake complete
+			IN: clean test.r $S [OK] -- OUT: $S . [OK]
+			STOP
+		EOF
+		test_cmp_exclude_clean expected.log debug.log &&
+
+		filter_git checkout --quiet --no-progress master &&
+		cat >expected.log <<-EOF &&
+			START
+			init handshake complete
+			IN: smudge test.r $S [OK] -- OUT: $S . [OK]
+			IN: smudge test2.r $S2 [OK] -- OUT: $S2 . [OK]
+			IN: smudge test4-empty.r 0 [OK] -- OUT: 0  [OK]
+			IN: smudge testsubdir/test3 '\''sq'\'',\$x=.r $S3 [OK] -- OUT: $S3 . [OK]
+			STOP
+		EOF
+		test_cmp_exclude_clean expected.log debug.log &&
+
+		test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test.r &&
+		test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/test2.o" test2.r &&
+		test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/test3 '\''sq'\'',\$x=.o" "testsubdir/test3 '\''sq'\'',\$x=.r"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'required process filter takes precedence' '
+	test_config_global filter.protocol.clean false &&
+	test_config_global filter.protocol.process "rot13-filter.pl debug.log clean" &&
+	test_config_global filter.protocol.required true &&
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	mkdir repo &&
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		git init &&
+
+		echo "*.r filter=protocol" >.gitattributes &&
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test.r &&
+		S=$(file_size test.r) &&
+
+		# Check that the process filter is invoked here
+		filter_git add . &&
+		cat >expected.log <<-EOF &&
+			START
+			init handshake complete
+			IN: clean test.r $S [OK] -- OUT: $S . [OK]
+			STOP
+		EOF
+		test_cmp_count expected.log debug.log
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'required process filter should be used only for "clean" operation only' '
+	test_config_global filter.protocol.process "rot13-filter.pl debug.log clean" &&
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	mkdir repo &&
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		git init &&
+
+		echo "*.r filter=protocol" >.gitattributes &&
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test.r &&
+		S=$(file_size test.r) &&
+
+		filter_git add . &&
+		cat >expected.log <<-EOF &&
+			START
+			init handshake complete
+			IN: clean test.r $S [OK] -- OUT: $S . [OK]
+			STOP
+		EOF
+		test_cmp_count expected.log debug.log &&
+
+		rm test.r &&
+
+		filter_git checkout --quiet --no-progress . &&
+		# If the filter would be used for "smudge", too, we would see
+		# "IN: smudge test.r 57 [OK] -- OUT: 57 . [OK]" here
+		cat >expected.log <<-EOF &&
+			START
+			init handshake complete
+			STOP
+		EOF
+		test_cmp_exclude_clean expected.log debug.log
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'required process filter should process multiple packets' '
+	test_config_global filter.protocol.process "rot13-filter.pl debug.log clean smudge" &&
+	test_config_global filter.protocol.required true &&
+
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	mkdir repo &&
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		git init &&
+
+		# Generate data requiring 1, 2, 3 packets
+		S=65516 && # PKTLINE_DATA_MAXLEN -> Maximal size of a packet
+		generate_random_characters $(($S    )) 1pkt_1__.file &&
+		generate_random_characters $(($S  +1)) 2pkt_1+1.file &&
+		generate_random_characters $(($S*2-1)) 2pkt_2-1.file &&
+		generate_random_characters $(($S*2  )) 2pkt_2__.file &&
+		generate_random_characters $(($S*2+1)) 3pkt_2+1.file &&
+
+		for FILE in "$TEST_ROOT"/*.file
+		do
+			cp "$FILE" . &&
+			rot13.sh <"$FILE" >"$FILE.rot13"
+		done &&
+
+		echo "*.file filter=protocol" >.gitattributes &&
+		filter_git add *.file .gitattributes &&
+		cat >expected.log <<-EOF &&
+			START
+			init handshake complete
+			IN: clean 1pkt_1__.file $(($S    )) [OK] -- OUT: $(($S    )) . [OK]
+			IN: clean 2pkt_1+1.file $(($S  +1)) [OK] -- OUT: $(($S  +1)) .. [OK]
+			IN: clean 2pkt_2-1.file $(($S*2-1)) [OK] -- OUT: $(($S*2-1)) .. [OK]
+			IN: clean 2pkt_2__.file $(($S*2  )) [OK] -- OUT: $(($S*2  )) .. [OK]
+			IN: clean 3pkt_2+1.file $(($S*2+1)) [OK] -- OUT: $(($S*2+1)) ... [OK]
+			STOP
+		EOF
+		test_cmp_count expected.log debug.log &&
+
+		rm -f *.file &&
+
+		filter_git checkout --quiet --no-progress -- *.file &&
+		cat >expected.log <<-EOF &&
+			START
+			init handshake complete
+			IN: smudge 1pkt_1__.file $(($S    )) [OK] -- OUT: $(($S    )) . [OK]
+			IN: smudge 2pkt_1+1.file $(($S  +1)) [OK] -- OUT: $(($S  +1)) .. [OK]
+			IN: smudge 2pkt_2-1.file $(($S*2-1)) [OK] -- OUT: $(($S*2-1)) .. [OK]
+			IN: smudge 2pkt_2__.file $(($S*2  )) [OK] -- OUT: $(($S*2  )) .. [OK]
+			IN: smudge 3pkt_2+1.file $(($S*2+1)) [OK] -- OUT: $(($S*2+1)) ... [OK]
+			STOP
+		EOF
+		test_cmp_exclude_clean expected.log debug.log &&
+
+		for FILE in *.file
+		do
+			test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/$FILE" $FILE
+		done
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'required process filter with clean error should fail' '
+	test_config_global filter.protocol.process "rot13-filter.pl debug.log clean smudge" &&
+	test_config_global filter.protocol.required true &&
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	mkdir repo &&
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		git init &&
+
+		echo "*.r filter=protocol" >.gitattributes &&
+
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test.r &&
+		echo "this is going to fail" >clean-write-fail.r &&
+		echo "content-test3-subdir" >test3.r &&
+
+		test_must_fail git add .
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'process filter should restart after unexpected write failure' '
+	test_config_global filter.protocol.process "rot13-filter.pl debug.log clean smudge" &&
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	mkdir repo &&
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		git init &&
+
+		echo "*.r filter=protocol" >.gitattributes &&
+
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test.r &&
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test2.o" test2.r &&
+		echo "this is going to fail" >smudge-write-fail.o &&
+		cp smudge-write-fail.o smudge-write-fail.r &&
+
+		S=$(file_size test.r) &&
+		S2=$(file_size test2.r) &&
+		SF=$(file_size smudge-write-fail.r) &&
+
+		git add . &&
+		rm -f *.r &&
+
+		rm -f debug.log &&
+		git checkout --quiet --no-progress . 2>git-stderr.log &&
+
+		grep "smudge write error at" git-stderr.log &&
+		test_i18ngrep "error: external filter" git-stderr.log &&
+
+		cat >expected.log <<-EOF &&
+			START
+			init handshake complete
+			IN: smudge smudge-write-fail.r $SF [OK] -- [WRITE FAIL]
+			START
+			init handshake complete
+			IN: smudge test.r $S [OK] -- OUT: $S . [OK]
+			IN: smudge test2.r $S2 [OK] -- OUT: $S2 . [OK]
+			STOP
+		EOF
+		test_cmp_exclude_clean expected.log debug.log &&
+
+		test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test.r &&
+		test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/test2.o" test2.r &&
+
+		# Smudge failed
+		! test_cmp smudge-write-fail.o smudge-write-fail.r &&
+		rot13.sh <smudge-write-fail.o >expected &&
+		git cat-file blob :smudge-write-fail.r >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'process filter should not be restarted if it signals an error' '
+	test_config_global filter.protocol.process "rot13-filter.pl debug.log clean smudge" &&
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	mkdir repo &&
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		git init &&
+
+		echo "*.r filter=protocol" >.gitattributes &&
+
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test.r &&
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test2.o" test2.r &&
+		echo "this will cause an error" >error.o &&
+		cp error.o error.r &&
+
+		S=$(file_size test.r) &&
+		S2=$(file_size test2.r) &&
+		SE=$(file_size error.r) &&
+
+		git add . &&
+		rm -f *.r &&
+
+		filter_git checkout --quiet --no-progress . &&
+		cat >expected.log <<-EOF &&
+			START
+			init handshake complete
+			IN: smudge error.r $SE [OK] -- [ERROR]
+			IN: smudge test.r $S [OK] -- OUT: $S . [OK]
+			IN: smudge test2.r $S2 [OK] -- OUT: $S2 . [OK]
+			STOP
+		EOF
+		test_cmp_exclude_clean expected.log debug.log &&
+
+		test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test.r &&
+		test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/test2.o" test2.r &&
+		test_cmp error.o error.r
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'process filter abort stops processing of all further files' '
+	test_config_global filter.protocol.process "rot13-filter.pl debug.log clean smudge" &&
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	mkdir repo &&
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		git init &&
+
+		echo "*.r filter=protocol" >.gitattributes &&
+
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test.r &&
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test2.o" test2.r &&
+		echo "error this blob and all future blobs" >abort.o &&
+		cp abort.o abort.r &&
+
+		SA=$(file_size abort.r) &&
+
+		git add . &&
+		rm -f *.r &&
+
+		# Note: This test assumes that Git filters files in alphabetical
+		# order ("abort.r" before "test.r").
+		filter_git checkout --quiet --no-progress . &&
+		cat >expected.log <<-EOF &&
+			START
+			init handshake complete
+			IN: smudge abort.r $SA [OK] -- [ABORT]
+			STOP
+		EOF
+		test_cmp_exclude_clean expected.log debug.log &&
+
+		test_cmp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test.r &&
+		test_cmp "$TEST_ROOT/test2.o" test2.r &&
+		test_cmp abort.o abort.r
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'invalid process filter must fail (and not hang!)' '
+	test_config_global filter.protocol.process cat &&
+	test_config_global filter.protocol.required true &&
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	mkdir repo &&
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		git init &&
+
+		echo "*.r filter=protocol" >.gitattributes &&
+
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test.r &&
+		test_must_fail git add . 2>git-stderr.log &&
+		grep "expected git-filter-server" git-stderr.log
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'delayed checkout in process filter' '
+	test_config_global filter.a.process "rot13-filter.pl a.log clean smudge delay" &&
+	test_config_global filter.a.required true &&
+	test_config_global filter.b.process "rot13-filter.pl b.log clean smudge delay" &&
+	test_config_global filter.b.required true &&
+
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	mkdir repo &&
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		git init &&
+		echo "*.a filter=a" >.gitattributes &&
+		echo "*.b filter=b" >>.gitattributes &&
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test.a &&
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test-delay10.a &&
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test-delay11.a &&
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test-delay20.a &&
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test-delay10.b &&
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -m "test commit"
+	) &&
+
+	S=$(file_size "$TEST_ROOT/test.o") &&
+	cat >a.exp <<-EOF &&
+		START
+		init handshake complete
+		IN: smudge test.a $S [OK] -- OUT: $S . [OK]
+		IN: smudge test-delay10.a $S [OK] -- [DELAYED]
+		IN: smudge test-delay11.a $S [OK] -- [DELAYED]
+		IN: smudge test-delay20.a $S [OK] -- [DELAYED]
+		IN: list_available_blobs test-delay10.a test-delay11.a [OK]
+		IN: smudge test-delay10.a 0 [OK] -- OUT: $S . [OK]
+		IN: smudge test-delay11.a 0 [OK] -- OUT: $S . [OK]
+		IN: list_available_blobs test-delay20.a [OK]
+		IN: smudge test-delay20.a 0 [OK] -- OUT: $S . [OK]
+		IN: list_available_blobs [OK]
+		STOP
+	EOF
+	cat >b.exp <<-EOF &&
+		START
+		init handshake complete
+		IN: smudge test-delay10.b $S [OK] -- [DELAYED]
+		IN: list_available_blobs test-delay10.b [OK]
+		IN: smudge test-delay10.b 0 [OK] -- OUT: $S . [OK]
+		IN: list_available_blobs [OK]
+		STOP
+	EOF
+
+	rm -rf repo-cloned &&
+	filter_git clone repo repo-cloned &&
+	test_cmp_count a.exp repo-cloned/a.log &&
+	test_cmp_count b.exp repo-cloned/b.log &&
+
+	(
+		cd repo-cloned &&
+		test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test.a &&
+		test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test-delay10.a &&
+		test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test-delay11.a &&
+		test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test-delay20.a &&
+		test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test-delay10.b &&
+
+		rm *.a *.b &&
+		filter_git checkout . &&
+		test_cmp_count ../a.exp a.log &&
+		test_cmp_count ../b.exp b.log &&
+
+		test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test.a &&
+		test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test-delay10.a &&
+		test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test-delay11.a &&
+		test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test-delay20.a &&
+		test_cmp_committed_rot13 "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test-delay10.b
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'missing file in delayed checkout' '
+	test_config_global filter.bug.process "rot13-filter.pl bug.log clean smudge delay" &&
+	test_config_global filter.bug.required true &&
+
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	mkdir repo &&
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		git init &&
+		echo "*.a filter=bug" >.gitattributes &&
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" missing-delay.a &&
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -m "test commit"
+	) &&
+
+	rm -rf repo-cloned &&
+	test_must_fail git clone repo repo-cloned 2>git-stderr.log &&
+	cat git-stderr.log &&
+	grep "error: .missing-delay\.a. was not filtered properly" git-stderr.log
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'invalid file in delayed checkout' '
+	test_config_global filter.bug.process "rot13-filter.pl bug.log clean smudge delay" &&
+	test_config_global filter.bug.required true &&
+
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	mkdir repo &&
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		git init &&
+		echo "*.a filter=bug" >.gitattributes &&
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" invalid-delay.a &&
+		cp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" unfiltered &&
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -m "test commit"
+	) &&
+
+	rm -rf repo-cloned &&
+	test_must_fail git clone repo repo-cloned 2>git-stderr.log &&
+	grep "error: external filter .* signaled that .unfiltered. is now available although it has not been delayed earlier" git-stderr.log
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0021/rot13-filter.pl b/t/t0021/rot13-filter.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..470107248e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0021/rot13-filter.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+#
+# Example implementation for the Git filter protocol version 2
+# See Documentation/gitattributes.txt, section "Filter Protocol"
+#
+# The first argument defines a debug log file that the script write to.
+# All remaining arguments define a list of supported protocol
+# capabilities ("clean", "smudge", etc).
+#
+# This implementation supports special test cases:
+# (1) If data with the pathname "clean-write-fail.r" is processed with
+#     a "clean" operation then the write operation will die.
+# (2) If data with the pathname "smudge-write-fail.r" is processed with
+#     a "smudge" operation then the write operation will die.
+# (3) If data with the pathname "error.r" is processed with any
+#     operation then the filter signals that it cannot or does not want
+#     to process the file.
+# (4) If data with the pathname "abort.r" is processed with any
+#     operation then the filter signals that it cannot or does not want
+#     to process the file and any file after that is processed with the
+#     same command.
+# (5) If data with a pathname that is a key in the DELAY hash is
+#     requested (e.g. "test-delay10.a") then the filter responds with
+#     a "delay" status and sets the "requested" field in the DELAY hash.
+#     The filter will signal the availability of this object after
+#     "count" (field in DELAY hash) "list_available_blobs" commands.
+# (6) If data with the pathname "missing-delay.a" is processed that the
+#     filter will drop the path from the "list_available_blobs" response.
+# (7) If data with the pathname "invalid-delay.a" is processed that the
+#     filter will add the path "unfiltered" which was not delayed before
+#     to the "list_available_blobs" response.
+#
+
+use 5.008;
+sub gitperllib {
+	# Git assumes that all path lists are Unix-y colon-separated ones. But
+	# when the Git for Windows executes the test suite, its MSYS2 Bash
+	# calls git.exe, and colon-separated path lists are converted into
+	# Windows-y semicolon-separated lists of *Windows* paths (which
+	# naturally contain a colon after the drive letter, so splitting by
+	# colons simply does not cut it).
+	#
+	# Detect semicolon-separated path list and handle them appropriately.
+
+	if ($ENV{GITPERLLIB} =~ /;/) {
+		return split(/;/, $ENV{GITPERLLIB});
+	}
+	return split(/:/, $ENV{GITPERLLIB});
+}
+use lib (gitperllib());
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use IO::File;
+use Git::Packet;
+
+my $MAX_PACKET_CONTENT_SIZE = 65516;
+my $log_file                = shift @ARGV;
+my @capabilities            = @ARGV;
+
+open my $debug, ">>", $log_file or die "cannot open log file: $!";
+
+my %DELAY = (
+	'test-delay10.a' => { "requested" => 0, "count" => 1 },
+	'test-delay11.a' => { "requested" => 0, "count" => 1 },
+	'test-delay20.a' => { "requested" => 0, "count" => 2 },
+	'test-delay10.b' => { "requested" => 0, "count" => 1 },
+	'missing-delay.a' => { "requested" => 0, "count" => 1 },
+	'invalid-delay.a' => { "requested" => 0, "count" => 1 },
+);
+
+sub rot13 {
+	my $str = shift;
+	$str =~ y/A-Za-z/N-ZA-Mn-za-m/;
+	return $str;
+}
+
+print $debug "START\n";
+$debug->flush();
+
+packet_initialize("git-filter", 2);
+
+my %remote_caps = packet_read_and_check_capabilities("clean", "smudge", "delay");
+packet_check_and_write_capabilities(\%remote_caps, @capabilities);
+
+print $debug "init handshake complete\n";
+$debug->flush();
+
+while (1) {
+	my ( $res, $command ) = packet_key_val_read("command");
+	if ( $res == -1 ) {
+		print $debug "STOP\n";
+		exit();
+	}
+	print $debug "IN: $command";
+	$debug->flush();
+
+	if ( $command eq "list_available_blobs" ) {
+		# Flush
+		packet_compare_lists([1, ""], packet_bin_read()) ||
+			die "bad list_available_blobs end";
+
+		foreach my $pathname ( sort keys %DELAY ) {
+			if ( $DELAY{$pathname}{"requested"} >= 1 ) {
+				$DELAY{$pathname}{"count"} = $DELAY{$pathname}{"count"} - 1;
+				if ( $pathname eq "invalid-delay.a" ) {
+					# Send Git a pathname that was not delayed earlier
+					packet_txt_write("pathname=unfiltered");
+				}
+				if ( $pathname eq "missing-delay.a" ) {
+					# Do not signal Git that this file is available
+				} elsif ( $DELAY{$pathname}{"count"} == 0 ) {
+					print $debug " $pathname";
+					packet_txt_write("pathname=$pathname");
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		packet_flush();
+
+		print $debug " [OK]\n";
+		$debug->flush();
+		packet_txt_write("status=success");
+		packet_flush();
+	} else {
+		my ( $res, $pathname ) = packet_key_val_read("pathname");
+		if ( $res == -1 ) {
+			die "unexpected EOF while expecting pathname";
+		}
+		print $debug " $pathname";
+		$debug->flush();
+
+		# Read until flush
+		my ( $done, $buffer ) = packet_txt_read();
+		while ( $buffer ne '' ) {
+			if ( $buffer eq "can-delay=1" ) {
+				if ( exists $DELAY{$pathname} and $DELAY{$pathname}{"requested"} == 0 ) {
+					$DELAY{$pathname}{"requested"} = 1;
+				}
+			} else {
+				die "Unknown message '$buffer'";
+			}
+
+			( $done, $buffer ) = packet_txt_read();
+		}
+		if ( $done == -1 ) {
+			die "unexpected EOF after pathname '$pathname'";
+		}
+
+		my $input = "";
+		{
+			binmode(STDIN);
+			my $buffer;
+			my $done = 0;
+			while ( !$done ) {
+				( $done, $buffer ) = packet_bin_read();
+				$input .= $buffer;
+			}
+			if ( $done == -1 ) {
+				die "unexpected EOF while reading input for '$pathname'";
+			}			
+			print $debug " " . length($input) . " [OK] -- ";
+			$debug->flush();
+		}
+
+		my $output;
+		if ( exists $DELAY{$pathname} and exists $DELAY{$pathname}{"output"} ) {
+			$output = $DELAY{$pathname}{"output"}
+		} elsif ( $pathname eq "error.r" or $pathname eq "abort.r" ) {
+			$output = "";
+		} elsif ( $command eq "clean" and grep( /^clean$/, @capabilities ) ) {
+			$output = rot13($input);
+		} elsif ( $command eq "smudge" and grep( /^smudge$/, @capabilities ) ) {
+			$output = rot13($input);
+		} else {
+			die "bad command '$command'";
+		}
+
+		if ( $pathname eq "error.r" ) {
+			print $debug "[ERROR]\n";
+			$debug->flush();
+			packet_txt_write("status=error");
+			packet_flush();
+		} elsif ( $pathname eq "abort.r" ) {
+			print $debug "[ABORT]\n";
+			$debug->flush();
+			packet_txt_write("status=abort");
+			packet_flush();
+		} elsif ( $command eq "smudge" and
+			exists $DELAY{$pathname} and
+			$DELAY{$pathname}{"requested"} == 1 ) {
+			print $debug "[DELAYED]\n";
+			$debug->flush();
+			packet_txt_write("status=delayed");
+			packet_flush();
+			$DELAY{$pathname}{"requested"} = 2;
+			$DELAY{$pathname}{"output"} = $output;
+		} else {
+			packet_txt_write("status=success");
+			packet_flush();
+
+			if ( $pathname eq "${command}-write-fail.r" ) {
+				print $debug "[WRITE FAIL]\n";
+				$debug->flush();
+				die "${command} write error";
+			}
+
+			print $debug "OUT: " . length($output) . " ";
+			$debug->flush();
+
+			while ( length($output) > 0 ) {
+				my $packet = substr( $output, 0, $MAX_PACKET_CONTENT_SIZE );
+				packet_bin_write($packet);
+				# dots represent the number of packets
+				print $debug ".";
+				if ( length($output) > $MAX_PACKET_CONTENT_SIZE ) {
+					$output = substr( $output, $MAX_PACKET_CONTENT_SIZE );
+				} else {
+					$output = "";
+				}
+			}
+			packet_flush();
+			print $debug " [OK]\n";
+			$debug->flush();
+			packet_flush();
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/t/t0025-crlf-auto.sh b/t/t0025-crlf-auto.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index c164b4662a..0000000000
--- a/t/t0025-crlf-auto.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,155 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-test_description='CRLF conversion'
-
-. ./test-lib.sh
-
-has_cr() {
-	tr '\015' Q <"$1" | grep Q >/dev/null
-}
-
-test_expect_success setup '
-
-	git config core.autocrlf false &&
-
-	for w in Hello world how are you; do echo $w; done >LFonly &&
-	for w in I am very very fine thank you; do echo ${w}Q; done | q_to_cr >CRLFonly &&
-	for w in Oh here is a QNUL byte how alarming; do echo ${w}; done | q_to_nul >LFwithNUL &&
-	git add . &&
-
-	git commit -m initial &&
-
-	LFonly=$(git rev-parse HEAD:LFonly) &&
-	CRLFonly=$(git rev-parse HEAD:CRLFonly) &&
-	LFwithNUL=$(git rev-parse HEAD:LFwithNUL) &&
-
-	echo happy.
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'default settings cause no changes' '
-
-	rm -f .gitattributes tmp LFonly CRLFonly LFwithNUL &&
-	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
-
-	! has_cr LFonly &&
-	has_cr CRLFonly &&
-	LFonlydiff=$(git diff LFonly) &&
-	CRLFonlydiff=$(git diff CRLFonly) &&
-	LFwithNULdiff=$(git diff LFwithNUL) &&
-	test -z "$LFonlydiff" -a -z "$CRLFonlydiff" -a -z "$LFwithNULdiff"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'crlf=true causes a CRLF file to be normalized' '
-
-	# Backwards compatibility check
-	rm -f .gitattributes tmp LFonly CRLFonly LFwithNUL &&
-	echo "CRLFonly crlf" > .gitattributes &&
-	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
-
-	# Note, "normalized" means that git will normalize it if added
-	has_cr CRLFonly &&
-	CRLFonlydiff=$(git diff CRLFonly) &&
-	test -n "$CRLFonlydiff"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'text=true causes a CRLF file to be normalized' '
-
-	rm -f .gitattributes tmp LFonly CRLFonly LFwithNUL &&
-	echo "CRLFonly text" > .gitattributes &&
-	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
-
-	# Note, "normalized" means that git will normalize it if added
-	has_cr CRLFonly &&
-	CRLFonlydiff=$(git diff CRLFonly) &&
-	test -n "$CRLFonlydiff"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'eol=crlf gives a normalized file CRLFs with autocrlf=false' '
-
-	rm -f .gitattributes tmp LFonly CRLFonly LFwithNUL &&
-	git config core.autocrlf false &&
-	echo "LFonly eol=crlf" > .gitattributes &&
-	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
-
-	has_cr LFonly &&
-	LFonlydiff=$(git diff LFonly) &&
-	test -z "$LFonlydiff"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'eol=crlf gives a normalized file CRLFs with autocrlf=input' '
-
-	rm -f .gitattributes tmp LFonly CRLFonly LFwithNUL &&
-	git config core.autocrlf input &&
-	echo "LFonly eol=crlf" > .gitattributes &&
-	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
-
-	has_cr LFonly &&
-	LFonlydiff=$(git diff LFonly) &&
-	test -z "$LFonlydiff"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'eol=lf gives a normalized file LFs with autocrlf=true' '
-
-	rm -f .gitattributes tmp LFonly CRLFonly LFwithNUL &&
-	git config core.autocrlf true &&
-	echo "LFonly eol=lf" > .gitattributes &&
-	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
-
-	! has_cr LFonly &&
-	LFonlydiff=$(git diff LFonly) &&
-	test -z "$LFonlydiff"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'autocrlf=true does not normalize CRLF files' '
-
-	rm -f .gitattributes tmp LFonly CRLFonly LFwithNUL &&
-	git config core.autocrlf true &&
-	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
-
-	has_cr LFonly &&
-	has_cr CRLFonly &&
-	LFonlydiff=$(git diff LFonly) &&
-	CRLFonlydiff=$(git diff CRLFonly) &&
-	LFwithNULdiff=$(git diff LFwithNUL) &&
-	test -z "$LFonlydiff" -a -z "$CRLFonlydiff" -a -z "$LFwithNULdiff"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'text=auto, autocrlf=true _does_ normalize CRLF files' '
-
-	rm -f .gitattributes tmp LFonly CRLFonly LFwithNUL &&
-	git config core.autocrlf true &&
-	echo "* text=auto" > .gitattributes &&
-	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
-
-	has_cr LFonly &&
-	has_cr CRLFonly &&
-	LFonlydiff=$(git diff LFonly) &&
-	CRLFonlydiff=$(git diff CRLFonly) &&
-	LFwithNULdiff=$(git diff LFwithNUL) &&
-	test -z "$LFonlydiff" -a -n "$CRLFonlydiff" -a -z "$LFwithNULdiff"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'text=auto, autocrlf=true does not normalize binary files' '
-
-	rm -f .gitattributes tmp LFonly CRLFonly LFwithNUL &&
-	git config core.autocrlf true &&
-	echo "* text=auto" > .gitattributes &&
-	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
-
-	! has_cr LFwithNUL &&
-	LFwithNULdiff=$(git diff LFwithNUL) &&
-	test -z "$LFwithNULdiff"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'eol=crlf _does_ normalize binary files' '
-
-	rm -f .gitattributes tmp LFonly CRLFonly LFwithNUL &&
-	echo "LFwithNUL eol=crlf" > .gitattributes &&
-	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
-
-	has_cr LFwithNUL &&
-	LFwithNULdiff=$(git diff LFwithNUL) &&
-	test -z "$LFwithNULdiff"
-'
-
-test_done
diff --git a/t/t0025-crlf-renormalize.sh b/t/t0025-crlf-renormalize.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..9d9e02a211
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0025-crlf-renormalize.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='CRLF renormalization'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	git config core.autocrlf false &&
+	printf "LINEONE\nLINETWO\nLINETHREE\n" >LF.txt &&
+	printf "LINEONE\r\nLINETWO\r\nLINETHREE\r\n" >CRLF.txt &&
+	printf "LINEONE\r\nLINETWO\nLINETHREE\n" >CRLF_mix_LF.txt &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m initial
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'renormalize CRLF in repo' '
+	echo "*.txt text=auto" >.gitattributes &&
+	git add --renormalize "*.txt" &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	i/lf w/crlf attr/text=auto CRLF.txt
+	i/lf w/lf attr/text=auto LF.txt
+	i/lf w/mixed attr/text=auto CRLF_mix_LF.txt
+	EOF
+	git ls-files --eol |
+	sed -e "s/	/ /g" -e "s/  */ /g" |
+	sort >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0027-auto-crlf.sh b/t/t0027-auto-crlf.sh
index 452320df83..beb5927f77 100755
--- a/t/t0027-auto-crlf.sh
+++ b/t/t0027-auto-crlf.sh
@@ -4,15 +4,9 @@ test_description='CRLF conversion all combinations'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-if ! test_have_prereq EXPENSIVE
-then
-	skip_all="EXPENSIVE not set"
-	test_done
-fi
-
 compare_files () {
 	tr '\015\000' QN <"$1" >"$1".expect &&
-	tr '\015\000' QN <"$2" >"$2".actual &&
+	tr '\015\000' QN <"$2" | tr -d 'Z' >"$2".actual &&
 	test_cmp "$1".expect "$2".actual &&
 	rm "$1".expect "$2".actual
 }
@@ -21,54 +15,76 @@ compare_ws_file () {
 	pfx=$1
 	exp=$2.expect
 	act=$pfx.actual.$3
-	tr '\015\000' QN <"$2" >"$exp" &&
-	tr '\015\000' QN <"$3" >"$act" &&
-	test_cmp $exp $act &&
-	rm $exp $act
+	tr '\015\000abcdef0123456789' QN00000000000000000 <"$2" >"$exp" &&
+	tr '\015\000abcdef0123456789' QN00000000000000000 <"$3" >"$act" &&
+	test_cmp "$exp" "$act" &&
+	rm "$exp" "$act"
 }
 
 create_gitattributes () {
-	attr=$1
-	case "$attr" in
-		auto)
-		echo "*.txt text=auto" >.gitattributes
-		;;
-		text)
-		echo "*.txt text" >.gitattributes
-		;;
-		-text)
-		echo "*.txt -text" >.gitattributes
-		;;
-		crlf)
-		echo "*.txt eol=crlf" >.gitattributes
-		;;
-		lf)
-		echo "*.txt eol=lf" >.gitattributes
-		;;
-		"")
-		echo >.gitattributes
-		;;
-		*)
-		echo >&2 invalid attribute: $attr
-		exit 1
-		;;
-	esac
+	{
+		while test "$#" != 0
+		do
+			case "$1" in
+			auto)	 echo '*.txt text=auto' ;;
+			ident) echo '*.txt ident' ;;
+			text)	 echo '*.txt text' ;;
+			-text) echo '*.txt -text' ;;
+			crlf)  echo '*.txt eol=crlf' ;;
+			lf)    echo '*.txt eol=lf' ;;
+			"") ;;
+			*)
+				echo >&2 invalid attribute: "$1"
+				exit 1
+				;;
+			esac &&
+			shift
+		done
+	} >.gitattributes
+}
+
+# Create 2 sets of files:
+# The NNO files are "Not NOrmalized in the repo. We use CRLF_mix_LF and store
+#   it under different names for the different test cases, see ${pfx}
+#   Depending on .gitattributes they are normalized at the next commit (or not)
+# The MIX files have different contents in the repo.
+#   Depending on its contents, the "new safer autocrlf" may kick in.
+create_NNO_MIX_files () {
+	for crlf in false true input
+	do
+		for attr in "" auto text -text
+		do
+			for aeol in "" lf crlf
+			do
+				pfx=NNO_attr_${attr}_aeol_${aeol}_${crlf} &&
+				cp CRLF_mix_LF ${pfx}_LF.txt &&
+				cp CRLF_mix_LF ${pfx}_CRLF.txt &&
+				cp CRLF_mix_LF ${pfx}_CRLF_mix_LF.txt &&
+				cp CRLF_mix_LF ${pfx}_LF_mix_CR.txt &&
+				cp CRLF_mix_LF ${pfx}_CRLF_nul.txt &&
+				pfx=MIX_attr_${attr}_aeol_${aeol}_${crlf} &&
+				cp LF          ${pfx}_LF.txt &&
+				cp CRLF        ${pfx}_CRLF.txt &&
+				cp CRLF_mix_LF ${pfx}_CRLF_mix_LF.txt &&
+				cp LF_mix_CR   ${pfx}_LF_mix_CR.txt &&
+				cp CRLF_nul    ${pfx}_CRLF_nul.txt
+			done
+		done
+	done
 }
 
 check_warning () {
 	case "$1" in
-	LF_CRLF) grep "LF will be replaced by CRLF" $2;;
-	CRLF_LF) grep "CRLF will be replaced by LF" $2;;
-	'')
-		>expect
-		grep "will be replaced by" $2 >actual
-		test_cmp expect actual
-		;;
-	*) false ;;
+	LF_CRLF) echo "warning: LF will be replaced by CRLF" >"$2".expect ;;
+	CRLF_LF) echo "warning: CRLF will be replaced by LF" >"$2".expect ;;
+	'')	                                                 >"$2".expect ;;
+	*) echo >&2 "Illegal 1": "$1" ; return false ;;
 	esac
+	grep "will be replaced by" "$2" | sed -e "s/\(.*\) in [^ ]*$/\1/" | uniq  >"$2".actual
+	test_i18ncmp "$2".expect "$2".actual
 }
 
-create_file_in_repo () {
+commit_check_warn () {
 	crlf=$1
 	attr=$2
 	lfname=$3
@@ -76,9 +92,9 @@ create_file_in_repo () {
 	lfmixcrlf=$5
 	lfmixcr=$6
 	crlfnul=$7
-	create_gitattributes "$attr" &&
 	pfx=crlf_${crlf}_attr_${attr}
-	for f in LF CRLF LF_mix_CR CRLF_mix_LF CRLF_nul
+	create_gitattributes "$attr" &&
+	for f in LF CRLF LF_mix_CR CRLF_mix_LF LF_nul CRLF_nul
 	do
 		fname=${pfx}_$f.txt &&
 		cp $f $fname &&
@@ -92,6 +108,130 @@ create_file_in_repo () {
 	check_warning "$crlfnul" ${pfx}_CRLF_nul.err
 }
 
+commit_chk_wrnNNO () {
+	attr=$1 ; shift
+	aeol=$1 ; shift
+	crlf=$1 ; shift
+	lfwarn=$1 ; shift
+	crlfwarn=$1 ; shift
+	lfmixcrlf=$1 ; shift
+	lfmixcr=$1 ; shift
+	crlfnul=$1 ; shift
+	pfx=NNO_attr_${attr}_aeol_${aeol}_${crlf}
+	#Commit files on top of existing file
+	create_gitattributes "$attr" $aeol &&
+	for f in LF CRLF CRLF_mix_LF LF_mix_CR CRLF_nul
+	do
+		fname=${pfx}_$f.txt &&
+		cp $f $fname &&
+		printf Z >>"$fname" &&
+		git -c core.autocrlf=$crlf add $fname 2>"${pfx}_$f.err"
+	done
+
+	test_expect_success "commit NNO files crlf=$crlf attr=$attr LF" '
+		check_warning "$lfwarn" ${pfx}_LF.err
+	'
+	test_expect_success "commit NNO files attr=$attr aeol=$aeol crlf=$crlf CRLF" '
+		check_warning "$crlfwarn" ${pfx}_CRLF.err
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "commit NNO files attr=$attr aeol=$aeol crlf=$crlf CRLF_mix_LF" '
+		check_warning "$lfmixcrlf" ${pfx}_CRLF_mix_LF.err
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "commit NNO files attr=$attr aeol=$aeol crlf=$crlf LF_mix_cr" '
+		check_warning "$lfmixcr" ${pfx}_LF_mix_CR.err
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "commit NNO files attr=$attr aeol=$aeol crlf=$crlf CRLF_nul" '
+		check_warning "$crlfnul" ${pfx}_CRLF_nul.err
+	'
+}
+
+# Commit a file with mixed line endings on top of different files
+# in the index. Check for warnings
+commit_MIX_chkwrn () {
+	attr=$1 ; shift
+	aeol=$1 ; shift
+	crlf=$1 ; shift
+	lfwarn=$1 ; shift
+	crlfwarn=$1 ; shift
+	lfmixcrlf=$1 ; shift
+	lfmixcr=$1 ; shift
+	crlfnul=$1 ; shift
+	pfx=MIX_attr_${attr}_aeol_${aeol}_${crlf}
+	#Commit file with CLRF_mix_LF on top of existing file
+	create_gitattributes "$attr" $aeol &&
+	for f in LF CRLF CRLF_mix_LF LF_mix_CR CRLF_nul
+	do
+		fname=${pfx}_$f.txt &&
+		cp CRLF_mix_LF $fname &&
+		printf Z >>"$fname" &&
+		git -c core.autocrlf=$crlf add $fname 2>"${pfx}_$f.err"
+	done
+
+	test_expect_success "commit file with mixed EOL onto LF crlf=$crlf attr=$attr" '
+		check_warning "$lfwarn" ${pfx}_LF.err
+	'
+	test_expect_success "commit file with mixed EOL onto CLRF attr=$attr aeol=$aeol crlf=$crlf" '
+		check_warning "$crlfwarn" ${pfx}_CRLF.err
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "commit file with mixed EOL onto CRLF_mix_LF attr=$attr aeol=$aeol crlf=$crlf" '
+		check_warning "$lfmixcrlf" ${pfx}_CRLF_mix_LF.err
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "commit file with mixed EOL onto LF_mix_cr attr=$attr aeol=$aeol crlf=$crlf " '
+		check_warning "$lfmixcr" ${pfx}_LF_mix_CR.err
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "commit file with mixed EOL onto CRLF_nul attr=$attr aeol=$aeol crlf=$crlf" '
+		check_warning "$crlfnul" ${pfx}_CRLF_nul.err
+	'
+}
+
+
+stats_ascii () {
+	case "$1" in
+	LF)
+		echo lf
+		;;
+	CRLF)
+		echo crlf
+		;;
+	CRLF_mix_LF)
+		echo mixed
+		;;
+	LF_mix_CR|CRLF_nul|LF_nul|CRLF_mix_CR)
+		echo "-text"
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo error_invalid $1
+		;;
+	esac
+
+}
+
+
+# contruct the attr/ returned by git ls-files --eol
+# Take none (=empty), one or two args
+# convert.c: eol=XX overrides text=auto
+attr_ascii () {
+	case $1,$2 in
+	-text,*)   echo "-text" ;;
+	text,)     echo "text" ;;
+	text,lf)   echo "text eol=lf" ;;
+	text,crlf) echo "text eol=crlf" ;;
+	auto,)     echo "text=auto" ;;
+	auto,lf)   echo "text=auto eol=lf" ;;
+	auto,crlf) echo "text=auto eol=crlf" ;;
+	lf,)       echo "text eol=lf" ;;
+	crlf,)     echo "text eol=crlf" ;;
+	,) echo "" ;;
+	*) echo invalid_attr "$1,$2" ;;
+	esac
+}
+
 check_files_in_repo () {
 	crlf=$1
 	attr=$2
@@ -108,60 +248,140 @@ check_files_in_repo () {
 	compare_files $crlfnul ${pfx}CRLF_nul.txt
 }
 
+check_in_repo_NNO () {
+	attr=$1 ; shift
+	aeol=$1 ; shift
+	crlf=$1 ; shift
+	lfname=$1 ; shift
+	crlfname=$1 ; shift
+	lfmixcrlf=$1 ; shift
+	lfmixcr=$1 ; shift
+	crlfnul=$1 ; shift
+	pfx=NNO_attr_${attr}_aeol_${aeol}_${crlf}
+	test_expect_success "compare_files $lfname ${pfx}_LF.txt" '
+		compare_files $lfname ${pfx}_LF.txt
+	'
+	test_expect_success "compare_files $crlfname ${pfx}_CRLF.txt" '
+		compare_files $crlfname ${pfx}_CRLF.txt
+	'
+	test_expect_success "compare_files $lfmixcrlf ${pfx}_CRLF_mix_LF.txt" '
+		compare_files $lfmixcrlf ${pfx}_CRLF_mix_LF.txt
+	'
+	test_expect_success "compare_files $lfmixcr ${pfx}_LF_mix_CR.txt" '
+		compare_files $lfmixcr ${pfx}_LF_mix_CR.txt
+	'
+	test_expect_success "compare_files $crlfnul ${pfx}_CRLF_nul.txt" '
+		compare_files $crlfnul ${pfx}_CRLF_nul.txt
+	'
+}
 
-check_files_in_ws () {
-	eol=$1
-	crlf=$2
-	attr=$3
-	lfname=$4
-	crlfname=$5
-	lfmixcrlf=$6
-	lfmixcr=$7
-	crlfnul=$8
-	create_gitattributes $attr &&
+checkout_files () {
+	attr=$1 ; shift
+	ident=$1; shift
+	aeol=$1 ; shift
+	crlf=$1 ; shift
+	ceol=$1 ; shift
+	lfname=$1 ; shift
+	crlfname=$1 ; shift
+	lfmixcrlf=$1 ; shift
+	lfmixcr=$1 ; shift
+	crlfnul=$1 ; shift
+	create_gitattributes "$attr" $ident $aeol &&
 	git config core.autocrlf $crlf &&
-	pfx=eol_${eol}_crlf_${crlf}_attr_${attr}_ &&
-	src=crlf_false_attr__ &&
-	for f in LF CRLF LF_mix_CR CRLF_mix_LF CRLF_nul
+	pfx=eol_${ceol}_crlf_${crlf}_attr_${attr}_ &&
+	for f in LF CRLF LF_mix_CR CRLF_mix_LF LF_nul
 	do
-		rm $src$f.txt &&
-		if test -z "$eol"; then
-			git checkout $src$f.txt
+		rm crlf_false_attr__$f.txt &&
+		if test -z "$ceol"; then
+			git checkout crlf_false_attr__$f.txt
 		else
-			git -c core.eol=$eol checkout $src$f.txt
+			git -c core.eol=$ceol checkout crlf_false_attr__$f.txt
 		fi
 	done
 
-	test_expect_success "checkout core.eol=$eol core.autocrlf=$crlf gitattributes=$attr file=LF" "
-		compare_ws_file $pfx $lfname    ${src}LF.txt
+	test_expect_success "ls-files --eol attr=$attr $ident aeol=$aeol core.autocrlf=$crlf core.eol=$ceol" '
+		test_when_finished "rm expect actual" &&
+		sort <<-EOF >expect &&
+		i/crlf w/$(stats_ascii $crlfname) attr/$(attr_ascii $attr $aeol) crlf_false_attr__CRLF.txt
+		i/mixed w/$(stats_ascii $lfmixcrlf) attr/$(attr_ascii $attr $aeol) crlf_false_attr__CRLF_mix_LF.txt
+		i/lf w/$(stats_ascii $lfname) attr/$(attr_ascii $attr $aeol) crlf_false_attr__LF.txt
+		i/-text w/$(stats_ascii $lfmixcr) attr/$(attr_ascii $attr $aeol) crlf_false_attr__LF_mix_CR.txt
+		i/-text w/$(stats_ascii $crlfnul) attr/$(attr_ascii $attr $aeol) crlf_false_attr__CRLF_nul.txt
+		i/-text w/$(stats_ascii $crlfnul) attr/$(attr_ascii $attr $aeol) crlf_false_attr__LF_nul.txt
+		EOF
+		git ls-files --eol crlf_false_attr__* |
+		sed -e "s/	/ /g" -e "s/  */ /g" |
+		sort >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+	test_expect_success "checkout attr=$attr $ident aeol=$aeol core.autocrlf=$crlf core.eol=$ceol file=LF" "
+		compare_ws_file $pfx $lfname    crlf_false_attr__LF.txt
 	"
-	test_expect_success "checkout core.eol=$eol core.autocrlf=$crlf gitattributes=$attr file=CRLF" "
-		compare_ws_file $pfx $crlfname  ${src}CRLF.txt
+	test_expect_success "checkout attr=$attr $ident aeol=$aeol core.autocrlf=$crlf core.eol=$ceol file=CRLF" "
+		compare_ws_file $pfx $crlfname  crlf_false_attr__CRLF.txt
 	"
-	test_expect_success "checkout core.eol=$eol core.autocrlf=$crlf gitattributes=$attr file=CRLF_mix_LF" "
-		compare_ws_file $pfx $lfmixcrlf ${src}CRLF_mix_LF.txt
+	test_expect_success "checkout attr=$attr $ident aeol=$aeol core.autocrlf=$crlf core.eol=$ceol file=CRLF_mix_LF" "
+		compare_ws_file $pfx $lfmixcrlf crlf_false_attr__CRLF_mix_LF.txt
 	"
-	test_expect_success "checkout core.eol=$eol core.autocrlf=$crlf gitattributes=$attr file=LF_mix_CR" "
-		compare_ws_file $pfx $lfmixcr   ${src}LF_mix_CR.txt
+	test_expect_success "checkout attr=$attr $ident aeol=$aeol core.autocrlf=$crlf core.eol=$ceol file=LF_mix_CR" "
+		compare_ws_file $pfx $lfmixcr   crlf_false_attr__LF_mix_CR.txt
 	"
-	test_expect_success "checkout core.eol=$eol core.autocrlf=$crlf gitattributes=$attr file=CRLF_nul" "
-		compare_ws_file $pfx $crlfnul   ${src}CRLF_nul.txt
+	test_expect_success "checkout attr=$attr $ident aeol=$aeol core.autocrlf=$crlf core.eol=$ceol file=LF_nul" "
+		compare_ws_file $pfx $crlfnul   crlf_false_attr__LF_nul.txt
 	"
 }
 
-#######
+# Test control characters
+# NUL SOH CR EOF==^Z
+test_expect_success 'ls-files --eol -o Text/Binary' '
+	test_when_finished "rm expect actual TeBi_*" &&
+	STRT=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA &&
+	STR=$STRT$STRT$STRT$STRT &&
+	printf "${STR}BBB\001" >TeBi_127_S &&
+	printf "${STR}BBBB\001">TeBi_128_S &&
+	printf "${STR}BBB\032" >TeBi_127_E &&
+	printf "\032${STR}BBB" >TeBi_E_127 &&
+	printf "${STR}BBBB\000">TeBi_128_N &&
+	printf "${STR}BBB\012">TeBi_128_L &&
+	printf "${STR}BBB\015">TeBi_127_C &&
+	printf "${STR}BB\015\012" >TeBi_126_CL &&
+	printf "${STR}BB\015\012\015" >TeBi_126_CLC &&
+	sort <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	i/ w/-text TeBi_127_S
+	i/ w/none TeBi_128_S
+	i/ w/none TeBi_127_E
+	i/ w/-text TeBi_E_127
+	i/ w/-text TeBi_128_N
+	i/ w/lf TeBi_128_L
+	i/ w/-text TeBi_127_C
+	i/ w/crlf TeBi_126_CL
+	i/ w/-text TeBi_126_CLC
+	EOF
+	git ls-files --eol -o |
+	sed -n -e "/TeBi_/{s!attr/[	]*!!g
+	s!	! !g
+	s!  *! !g
+	p
+	}" | sort >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup master' '
 	echo >.gitattributes &&
 	git checkout -b master &&
 	git add .gitattributes &&
-	git commit -m "add .gitattributes" "" &&
-	printf "line1\nline2\nline3"     >LF &&
-	printf "line1\r\nline2\r\nline3" >CRLF &&
-	printf "line1\r\nline2\nline3"   >CRLF_mix_LF &&
-	printf "line1\nline2\rline3"     >LF_mix_CR &&
-	printf "line1\r\nline2\rline3"   >CRLF_mix_CR &&
-	printf "line1Q\r\nline2\r\nline3" | q_to_nul >CRLF_nul &&
-	printf "line1Q\nline2\nline3" | q_to_nul >LF_nul
+	git commit -m "add .gitattributes" . &&
+	printf "\$Id: 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 \$\nLINEONE\nLINETWO\nLINETHREE"     >LF &&
+	printf "\$Id: 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 \$\r\nLINEONE\r\nLINETWO\r\nLINETHREE" >CRLF &&
+	printf "\$Id: 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 \$\nLINEONE\r\nLINETWO\nLINETHREE"   >CRLF_mix_LF &&
+	printf "\$Id: 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 \$\nLINEONE\nLINETWO\rLINETHREE"     >LF_mix_CR &&
+	printf "\$Id: 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 \$\r\nLINEONE\r\nLINETWO\rLINETHREE"   >CRLF_mix_CR &&
+	printf "\$Id: 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 \$\r\nLINEONEQ\r\nLINETWO\r\nLINETHREE" | q_to_nul >CRLF_nul &&
+	printf "\$Id: 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 \$\nLINEONEQ\nLINETWO\nLINETHREE" | q_to_nul >LF_nul &&
+	create_NNO_MIX_files &&
+	git -c core.autocrlf=false add NNO_*.txt MIX_*.txt &&
+	git commit -m "mixed line endings" &&
+	test_tick
 '
 
 
@@ -169,45 +389,98 @@ test_expect_success 'setup master' '
 warn_LF_CRLF="LF will be replaced by CRLF"
 warn_CRLF_LF="CRLF will be replaced by LF"
 
-test_expect_success 'add files empty attr' '
-	create_file_in_repo false ""     ""        ""        ""        ""        "" &&
-	create_file_in_repo true  ""     "LF_CRLF" ""        "LF_CRLF" ""        "" &&
-	create_file_in_repo input ""     ""        "CRLF_LF" "CRLF_LF" ""        ""
+# WILC stands for "Warn if (this OS) converts LF into CRLF".
+# WICL: Warn if CRLF becomes LF
+# WAMIX: Mixed line endings: either CRLF->LF or LF->CRLF
+if test_have_prereq NATIVE_CRLF
+then
+	WILC=LF_CRLF
+	WICL=
+	WAMIX=LF_CRLF
+else
+	WILC=
+	WICL=CRLF_LF
+	WAMIX=CRLF_LF
+fi
+
+#                         attr   LF        CRLF      CRLFmixLF LFmixCR   CRLFNUL
+test_expect_success 'commit files empty attr' '
+	commit_check_warn false ""     ""        ""        ""        ""        "" &&
+	commit_check_warn true  ""     "LF_CRLF" ""        "LF_CRLF" ""        "" &&
+	commit_check_warn input ""     ""        "CRLF_LF" "CRLF_LF" ""        ""
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'add files attr=auto' '
-	create_file_in_repo false "auto" ""        "CRLF_LF" "CRLF_LF" ""        "" &&
-	create_file_in_repo true  "auto" "LF_CRLF" ""        "LF_CRLF" ""        "" &&
-	create_file_in_repo input "auto" ""        "CRLF_LF" "CRLF_LF" ""        ""
+test_expect_success 'commit files attr=auto' '
+	commit_check_warn false "auto" "$WILC"   "$WICL"   "$WAMIX"  ""        "" &&
+	commit_check_warn true  "auto" "LF_CRLF" ""        "LF_CRLF" ""        "" &&
+	commit_check_warn input "auto" ""        "CRLF_LF" "CRLF_LF" ""        ""
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'add files attr=text' '
-	create_file_in_repo false "text" ""        "CRLF_LF" "CRLF_LF" ""        "CRLF_LF" &&
-	create_file_in_repo true  "text" "LF_CRLF" ""        "LF_CRLF" "LF_CRLF" ""        &&
-	create_file_in_repo input "text" ""        "CRLF_LF" "CRLF_LF" ""        "CRLF_LF"
+test_expect_success 'commit files attr=text' '
+	commit_check_warn false "text" "$WILC"   "$WICL"   "$WAMIX"  "$WILC"   "$WICL"   &&
+	commit_check_warn true  "text" "LF_CRLF" ""        "LF_CRLF" "LF_CRLF" ""        &&
+	commit_check_warn input "text" ""        "CRLF_LF" "CRLF_LF" ""        "CRLF_LF"
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'add files attr=-text' '
-	create_file_in_repo false "-text" ""       ""        ""        ""        "" &&
-	create_file_in_repo true  "-text" ""       ""        ""        ""        "" &&
-	create_file_in_repo input "-text" ""       ""        ""        ""        ""
+test_expect_success 'commit files attr=-text' '
+	commit_check_warn false "-text" ""       ""        ""        ""        "" &&
+	commit_check_warn true  "-text" ""       ""        ""        ""        "" &&
+	commit_check_warn input "-text" ""       ""        ""        ""        ""
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'add files attr=lf' '
-	create_file_in_repo false "lf"    ""       "CRLF_LF" "CRLF_LF"  ""       "CRLF_LF" &&
-	create_file_in_repo true  "lf"    ""       "CRLF_LF" "CRLF_LF"  ""       "CRLF_LF" &&
-	create_file_in_repo input "lf"    ""       "CRLF_LF" "CRLF_LF"  ""       "CRLF_LF"
+test_expect_success 'commit files attr=lf' '
+	commit_check_warn false "lf"    ""       "CRLF_LF" "CRLF_LF"  ""       "CRLF_LF" &&
+	commit_check_warn true  "lf"    ""       "CRLF_LF" "CRLF_LF"  ""       "CRLF_LF" &&
+	commit_check_warn input "lf"    ""       "CRLF_LF" "CRLF_LF"  ""       "CRLF_LF"
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'add files attr=crlf' '
-	create_file_in_repo false "crlf" "LF_CRLF" ""        "LF_CRLF" "LF_CRLF" "" &&
-	create_file_in_repo true  "crlf" "LF_CRLF" ""        "LF_CRLF" "LF_CRLF" "" &&
-	create_file_in_repo input "crlf" "LF_CRLF" ""        "LF_CRLF" "LF_CRLF" ""
+test_expect_success 'commit files attr=crlf' '
+	commit_check_warn false "crlf" "LF_CRLF" ""        "LF_CRLF" "LF_CRLF" "" &&
+	commit_check_warn true  "crlf" "LF_CRLF" ""        "LF_CRLF" "LF_CRLF" "" &&
+	commit_check_warn input "crlf" "LF_CRLF" ""        "LF_CRLF" "LF_CRLF" ""
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'create files cleanup' '
+# Commit "CRLFmixLF" on top of these files already in the repo:
+#                                         mixed     mixed     mixed       mixed       mixed
+#                                         onto      onto      onto        onto        onto
+#                 attr                    LF        CRLF      CRLFmixLF   LF_mix_CR   CRLFNUL
+commit_MIX_chkwrn ""      ""      false   ""        ""        ""          ""          ""
+commit_MIX_chkwrn ""      ""      true    "LF_CRLF" ""        ""          "LF_CRLF"   "LF_CRLF"
+commit_MIX_chkwrn ""      ""      input   "CRLF_LF" ""        ""          "CRLF_LF"   "CRLF_LF"
+
+commit_MIX_chkwrn "auto"  ""      false   "$WAMIX"  ""        ""          "$WAMIX"    "$WAMIX"
+commit_MIX_chkwrn "auto"  ""      true    "LF_CRLF" ""        ""          "LF_CRLF"   "LF_CRLF"
+commit_MIX_chkwrn "auto"  ""      input   "CRLF_LF" ""        ""          "CRLF_LF"   "CRLF_LF"
+
+#                 attr                    LF        CRLF      CRLFmixLF   LF_mix_CR   CRLFNUL
+commit_chk_wrnNNO ""      ""      false   ""        ""        ""          ""          ""
+commit_chk_wrnNNO ""      ""      true    LF_CRLF   ""        ""          ""          ""
+commit_chk_wrnNNO ""      ""      input   ""        ""        ""          ""          ""
+
+commit_chk_wrnNNO "auto"  ""      false   "$WILC"   ""        ""          ""          ""
+commit_chk_wrnNNO "auto"  ""      true    LF_CRLF   ""        ""          ""          ""
+commit_chk_wrnNNO "auto"  ""      input   ""        ""        ""          ""          ""
+for crlf in true false input
+do
+	commit_chk_wrnNNO -text ""      $crlf   ""        ""        ""          ""          ""
+	commit_chk_wrnNNO -text lf      $crlf   ""        ""        ""          ""          ""
+	commit_chk_wrnNNO -text crlf    $crlf   ""        ""        ""          ""          ""
+	commit_chk_wrnNNO ""    lf      $crlf   ""       CRLF_LF    CRLF_LF      ""         CRLF_LF
+	commit_chk_wrnNNO ""    crlf    $crlf   LF_CRLF   ""        LF_CRLF     LF_CRLF     ""
+	commit_chk_wrnNNO auto  lf    	$crlf   ""        ""        ""          ""          ""
+	commit_chk_wrnNNO auto  crlf  	$crlf   LF_CRLF   ""        ""          ""          ""
+	commit_chk_wrnNNO text  lf    	$crlf   ""       CRLF_LF    CRLF_LF     ""          CRLF_LF
+	commit_chk_wrnNNO text  crlf  	$crlf   LF_CRLF   ""        LF_CRLF     LF_CRLF     ""
+done
+
+commit_chk_wrnNNO "text"  ""      false   "$WILC"   "$WICL"   "$WAMIX"    "$WILC"     "$WICL"
+commit_chk_wrnNNO "text"  ""      true    LF_CRLF   ""        LF_CRLF     LF_CRLF     ""
+commit_chk_wrnNNO "text"  ""      input   ""        CRLF_LF   CRLF_LF     ""          CRLF_LF
+
+test_expect_success 'commit NNO and cleanup' '
+	git commit -m "commit files on top of NNO" &&
 	rm -f *.txt &&
-	git reset --hard
+	git -c core.autocrlf=false reset --hard
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'commit empty gitattribues' '
@@ -234,102 +507,107 @@ test_expect_success 'commit -text' '
 	check_files_in_repo input "-text" LF CRLF CRLF_mix_LF LF_mix_CR CRLF_nul
 '
 
+for crlf in true false input
+do
+	#                 attr  aeol           LF  CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR  CRLFNUL
+	check_in_repo_NNO ""    ""     $crlf   LF  CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
+	check_in_repo_NNO -text ""     $crlf   LF  CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
+	check_in_repo_NNO -text lf     $crlf   LF  CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
+	check_in_repo_NNO -text crlf   $crlf   LF  CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
+	check_in_repo_NNO auto  ""     $crlf   LF  CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
+	check_in_repo_NNO auto  lf     $crlf   LF  CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
+	check_in_repo_NNO auto  crlf   $crlf   LF  CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
+	check_in_repo_NNO text  ""     $crlf   LF  LF    LF           LF_mix_CR  LF_nul
+	check_in_repo_NNO text  lf     $crlf   LF  LF    LF           LF_mix_CR  LF_nul
+	check_in_repo_NNO text  crlf   $crlf   LF  LF    LF           LF_mix_CR  LF_nul
+done
 ################################################################################
 # Check how files in the repo are changed when they are checked out
 # How to read the table below:
-# - check_files_in_ws will check multiple files with a combination of settings
+# - checkout_files will check multiple files with a combination of settings
 #   and attributes (core.autocrlf=input is forbidden with core.eol=crlf)
-# - parameter $1 : core.eol               lf | crlf
-# - parameter $2 : core.autocrlf          false | true | input
-# - parameter $3 : text in .gitattributs  "" (empty) | auto | text | -text
-# - parameter $4 : reference for a file with only LF in the repo
-# - parameter $5 : reference for a file with only CRLF in the repo
-# - parameter $6 : reference for a file with mixed LF and CRLF in the repo
-# - parameter $7 : reference for a file with LF and CR in the repo (does somebody uses this ?)
-# - parameter $8 : reference for a file with CRLF and a NUL (should be handled as binary when auto)
-
-#                                            What we have in the repo:
-#                														 ----------------- EOL in repo ----------------
-#                														 LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-#                   settings with checkout:
-#                   core.   core.   .gitattr
-#                    eol     acrlf
-#                                            ----------------------------------------------
-#                                            What we want to have in the working tree:
-if test_have_prereq MINGW
+#
+# - parameter $1 	: text in .gitattributs  "" (empty) | auto | text | -text
+# - parameter $2 	: ident                  "" | i (i == ident)
+# - parameter $3 	: eol in .gitattributs   "" (empty) | lf | crlf
+# - parameter $4 	: core.autocrlf          false | true | input
+# - parameter $5 	: core.eol               "" | lf | crlf | "native"
+# - parameter $6 	: reference for a file with only LF in the repo
+# - parameter $7 	: reference for a file with only CRLF in the repo
+# - parameter $8 	: reference for a file with mixed LF and CRLF in the repo
+# - parameter $9 	: reference for a file with LF and CR in the repo
+# - parameter $10 : reference for a file with CRLF and a NUL (should be handled as binary when auto)
+
+if test_have_prereq NATIVE_CRLF
 then
 MIX_CRLF_LF=CRLF
 MIX_LF_CR=CRLF_mix_CR
 NL=CRLF
+LFNUL=CRLF_nul
 else
 MIX_CRLF_LF=CRLF_mix_LF
 MIX_LF_CR=LF_mix_CR
 NL=LF
+LFNUL=LF_nul
 fi
 export CRLF_MIX_LF_CR MIX NL
 
-check_files_in_ws    lf      false  ""       LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    lf      true   ""       CRLF  CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    lf      input  ""       LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    lf      false "auto"    LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    lf      true  "auto"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    lf      input "auto"    LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    lf      false "text"    LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    lf      true  "text"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    lf      input "text"    LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    lf      false "-text"   LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    lf      true  "-text"   LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    lf      input "-text"   LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    lf      false "lf"      LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    lf      true  "lf"      LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    lf      input "lf"      LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    lf      false "crlf"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    lf      true  "crlf"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    lf      input "crlf"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
-
-check_files_in_ws    crlf    false  ""       LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    crlf    true   ""       CRLF  CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    crlf    false "auto"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    crlf    true  "auto"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    crlf    false "text"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    crlf    true  "text"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    crlf    false "-text"   LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    crlf    true  "-text"   LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    crlf    false "lf"      LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    crlf    true  "lf"      LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    crlf    false "crlf"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    crlf    true  "crlf"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
-
-check_files_in_ws    ""      false  ""       LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    ""      true   ""       CRLF  CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    ""      input  ""       LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    ""      false "auto"    $NL   CRLF  $MIX_CRLF_LF LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    ""      true  "auto"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    ""      input "auto"    LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    ""      false "text"    $NL   CRLF  $MIX_CRLF_LF $MIX_LF_CR   CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    ""      true  "text"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    ""      input "text"    LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    ""      false "-text"   LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    ""      true  "-text"   LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    ""      input "-text"   LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    ""      false "lf"      LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    ""      true  "lf"      LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    ""      input "lf"      LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    ""      false "crlf"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    ""      true  "crlf"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    ""      input "crlf"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
-
-check_files_in_ws    native  false  ""       LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    native  true   ""       CRLF  CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    native  false "auto"    $NL   CRLF  $MIX_CRLF_LF LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    native  true  "auto"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    native  false "text"    $NL   CRLF  $MIX_CRLF_LF $MIX_LF_CR   CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    native  true  "text"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    native  false "-text"   LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    native  true  "-text"   LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    native  false "lf"      LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    native  true  "lf"      LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    native  false "crlf"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
-check_files_in_ws    native  true  "crlf"    CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
+# Same handling with and without ident
+for id in "" ident
+do
+	for ceol in lf crlf native
+	do
+		for crlf in true false input
+		do
+			# -text overrides core.autocrlf and core.eol
+			# text and eol=crlf or eol=lf override core.autocrlf and core.eol
+			checkout_files -text "$id" ""     "$crlf" "$ceol"  LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    LF_nul
+			checkout_files -text "$id" "lf"   "$crlf" "$ceol"  LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    LF_nul
+			checkout_files -text "$id" "crlf" "$crlf" "$ceol"  LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    LF_nul
+			# text
+			checkout_files text  "$id" "lf"   "$crlf" "$ceol"  LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    LF_nul
+			checkout_files text  "$id" "crlf" "$crlf" "$ceol"  CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
+			# currently the same as text, eol=XXX
+			checkout_files auto  "$id" "lf"   "$crlf" "$ceol"  LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    LF_nul
+			checkout_files auto  "$id" "crlf" "$crlf" "$ceol"  CRLF  CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    LF_nul
+		done
+
+		# core.autocrlf false, different core.eol
+		checkout_files   ""    "$id" ""     false   "$ceol"  LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    LF_nul
+		# core.autocrlf true
+		checkout_files   ""    "$id" ""     true    "$ceol"  CRLF  CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    LF_nul
+		# text: core.autocrlf = true overrides core.eol
+		checkout_files   auto  "$id" ""     true    "$ceol"  CRLF  CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    LF_nul
+		checkout_files   text  "$id" ""     true    "$ceol"  CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
+		# text: core.autocrlf = input overrides core.eol
+		checkout_files   text  "$id" ""     input   "$ceol"  LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    LF_nul
+		checkout_files   auto  "$id" ""     input   "$ceol"  LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    LF_nul
+		# text=auto + eol=XXX
+	done
+	# text: core.autocrlf=false uses core.eol
+	checkout_files     text  "$id" ""     false   crlf     CRLF  CRLF  CRLF         CRLF_mix_CR  CRLF_nul
+	checkout_files     text  "$id" ""     false   lf       LF    CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    LF_nul
+	# text: core.autocrlf=false and core.eol unset(or native) uses native eol
+	checkout_files     text  "$id" ""     false   ""       $NL   CRLF  $MIX_CRLF_LF $MIX_LF_CR   $LFNUL
+	checkout_files     text  "$id" ""     false   native   $NL   CRLF  $MIX_CRLF_LF $MIX_LF_CR   $LFNUL
+	# auto: core.autocrlf=false and core.eol unset(or native) uses native eol
+	checkout_files     auto  "$id" ""     false   ""       $NL   CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    LF_nul
+	checkout_files     auto  "$id" ""     false   native   $NL   CRLF  CRLF_mix_LF  LF_mix_CR    LF_nul
+done
+
+# Should be the last test case: remove some files from the worktree
+test_expect_success 'ls-files --eol -d -z' '
+	rm crlf_false_attr__CRLF.txt crlf_false_attr__CRLF_mix_LF.txt crlf_false_attr__LF.txt .gitattributes &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	i/crlf w/ crlf_false_attr__CRLF.txt
+	i/lf w/ .gitattributes
+	i/lf w/ crlf_false_attr__LF.txt
+	i/mixed w/ crlf_false_attr__CRLF_mix_LF.txt
+	EOF
+	git ls-files --eol -d |
+	sed -e "s!attr/[^	]*!!g" -e "s/	/ /g" -e "s/  */ /g" |
+	sort >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0028-working-tree-encoding.sh b/t/t0028-working-tree-encoding.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..12b8eb963a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0028-working-tree-encoding.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='working-tree-encoding conversion via gitattributes'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+GIT_TRACE_WORKING_TREE_ENCODING=1 && export GIT_TRACE_WORKING_TREE_ENCODING
+
+test_expect_success 'setup test files' '
+	git config core.eol lf &&
+
+	text="hallo there!\ncan you read me?" &&
+	echo "*.utf16 text working-tree-encoding=utf-16" >.gitattributes &&
+	printf "$text" >test.utf8.raw &&
+	printf "$text" | iconv -f UTF-8 -t UTF-16 >test.utf16.raw &&
+	printf "$text" | iconv -f UTF-8 -t UTF-32 >test.utf32.raw &&
+
+	# Line ending tests
+	printf "one\ntwo\nthree\n" >lf.utf8.raw &&
+	printf "one\r\ntwo\r\nthree\r\n" >crlf.utf8.raw &&
+
+	# BOM tests
+	printf "\0a\0b\0c"                         >nobom.utf16be.raw &&
+	printf "a\0b\0c\0"                         >nobom.utf16le.raw &&
+	printf "\376\777\0a\0b\0c"                 >bebom.utf16be.raw &&
+	printf "\777\376a\0b\0c\0"                 >lebom.utf16le.raw &&
+	printf "\0\0\0a\0\0\0b\0\0\0c"             >nobom.utf32be.raw &&
+	printf "a\0\0\0b\0\0\0c\0\0\0"             >nobom.utf32le.raw &&
+	printf "\0\0\376\777\0\0\0a\0\0\0b\0\0\0c" >bebom.utf32be.raw &&
+	printf "\777\376\0\0a\0\0\0b\0\0\0c\0\0\0" >lebom.utf32le.raw &&
+
+	# Add only UTF-16 file, we will add the UTF-32 file later
+	cp test.utf16.raw test.utf16 &&
+	cp test.utf32.raw test.utf32 &&
+	git add .gitattributes test.utf16 &&
+	git commit -m initial
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ensure UTF-8 is stored in Git' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f test.utf16.git" &&
+
+	git cat-file -p :test.utf16 >test.utf16.git &&
+	test_cmp_bin test.utf8.raw test.utf16.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 're-encode to UTF-16 on checkout' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f test.utf16.raw" &&
+
+	rm test.utf16 &&
+	git checkout test.utf16 &&
+	test_cmp_bin test.utf16.raw test.utf16
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check $GIT_DIR/info/attributes support' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f test.utf32.git" &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard HEAD" &&
+
+	echo "*.utf32 text working-tree-encoding=utf-32" >.git/info/attributes &&
+	git add test.utf32 &&
+
+	git cat-file -p :test.utf32 >test.utf32.git &&
+	test_cmp_bin test.utf8.raw test.utf32.git
+'
+
+for i in 16 32
+do
+	test_expect_success "check prohibited UTF-${i} BOM" '
+		test_when_finished "git reset --hard HEAD" &&
+
+		echo "*.utf${i}be text working-tree-encoding=utf-${i}be" >>.gitattributes &&
+		echo "*.utf${i}le text working-tree-encoding=utf-${i}LE" >>.gitattributes &&
+
+		# Here we add a UTF-16 (resp. UTF-32) files with BOM (big/little-endian)
+		# but we tell Git to treat it as UTF-16BE/UTF-16LE (resp. UTF-32).
+		# In these cases the BOM is prohibited.
+		cp bebom.utf${i}be.raw bebom.utf${i}be &&
+		test_must_fail git add bebom.utf${i}be 2>err.out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "fatal: BOM is prohibited .* utf-${i}be" err.out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "use UTF-${i} as working-tree-encoding" err.out &&
+
+		cp lebom.utf${i}le.raw lebom.utf${i}be &&
+		test_must_fail git add lebom.utf${i}be 2>err.out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "fatal: BOM is prohibited .* utf-${i}be" err.out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "use UTF-${i} as working-tree-encoding" err.out &&
+
+		cp bebom.utf${i}be.raw bebom.utf${i}le &&
+		test_must_fail git add bebom.utf${i}le 2>err.out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "fatal: BOM is prohibited .* utf-${i}LE" err.out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "use UTF-${i} as working-tree-encoding" err.out &&
+
+		cp lebom.utf${i}le.raw lebom.utf${i}le &&
+		test_must_fail git add lebom.utf${i}le 2>err.out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "fatal: BOM is prohibited .* utf-${i}LE" err.out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "use UTF-${i} as working-tree-encoding" err.out
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "check required UTF-${i} BOM" '
+		test_when_finished "git reset --hard HEAD" &&
+
+		echo "*.utf${i} text working-tree-encoding=utf-${i}" >>.gitattributes &&
+
+		cp nobom.utf${i}be.raw nobom.utf${i} &&
+		test_must_fail git add nobom.utf${i} 2>err.out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "fatal: BOM is required .* utf-${i}" err.out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "use UTF-${i}BE or UTF-${i}LE" err.out &&
+
+		cp nobom.utf${i}le.raw nobom.utf${i} &&
+		test_must_fail git add nobom.utf${i} 2>err.out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "fatal: BOM is required .* utf-${i}" err.out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "use UTF-${i}BE or UTF-${i}LE" err.out
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "eol conversion for UTF-${i} encoded files on checkout" '
+		test_when_finished "rm -f crlf.utf${i}.raw lf.utf${i}.raw" &&
+		test_when_finished "git reset --hard HEAD^" &&
+
+		cat lf.utf8.raw | iconv -f UTF-8 -t UTF-${i} >lf.utf${i}.raw &&
+		cat crlf.utf8.raw | iconv -f UTF-8 -t UTF-${i} >crlf.utf${i}.raw &&
+		cp crlf.utf${i}.raw eol.utf${i} &&
+
+		cat >expectIndexLF <<-EOF &&
+			i/lf    w/-text attr/text             	eol.utf${i}
+		EOF
+
+		git add eol.utf${i} &&
+		git commit -m eol &&
+
+		# UTF-${i} with CRLF (Windows line endings)
+		rm eol.utf${i} &&
+		git -c core.eol=crlf checkout eol.utf${i} &&
+		test_cmp_bin crlf.utf${i}.raw eol.utf${i} &&
+
+		# Although the file has CRLF in the working tree,
+		# ensure LF in the index
+		git ls-files --eol eol.utf${i} >actual &&
+		test_cmp expectIndexLF actual &&
+
+		# UTF-${i} with LF (Unix line endings)
+		rm eol.utf${i} &&
+		git -c core.eol=lf checkout eol.utf${i} &&
+		test_cmp_bin lf.utf${i}.raw eol.utf${i} &&
+
+		# The file LF in the working tree, ensure LF in the index
+		git ls-files --eol eol.utf${i} >actual &&
+		test_cmp expectIndexLF actual
+	'
+done
+
+test_expect_success 'check unsupported encodings' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard HEAD" &&
+
+	echo "*.set text working-tree-encoding" >.gitattributes &&
+	printf "set" >t.set &&
+	test_must_fail git add t.set 2>err.out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "true/false are no valid working-tree-encodings" err.out &&
+
+	echo "*.unset text -working-tree-encoding" >.gitattributes &&
+	printf "unset" >t.unset &&
+	git add t.unset &&
+
+	echo "*.empty text working-tree-encoding=" >.gitattributes &&
+	printf "empty" >t.empty &&
+	git add t.empty &&
+
+	echo "*.garbage text working-tree-encoding=garbage" >.gitattributes &&
+	printf "garbage" >t.garbage &&
+	test_must_fail git add t.garbage 2>err.out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "failed to encode" err.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'error if encoding round trip is not the same during refresh' '
+	BEFORE_STATE=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard $BEFORE_STATE" &&
+
+	# Add and commit a UTF-16 file but skip the "working-tree-encoding"
+	# filter. Consequently, the in-repo representation is UTF-16 and not
+	# UTF-8. This simulates a Git version that has no working tree encoding
+	# support.
+	echo "*.utf16le text working-tree-encoding=utf-16le" >.gitattributes &&
+	echo "hallo" >nonsense.utf16le &&
+	TEST_HASH=$(git hash-object --no-filters -w nonsense.utf16le) &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 $TEST_HASH nonsense.utf16le &&
+	COMMIT=$(git commit-tree -p $(git rev-parse HEAD) -m "plain commit" $(git write-tree)) &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/master $COMMIT &&
+
+	test_must_fail git checkout HEAD^ 2>err.out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "error: .* overwritten by checkout:" err.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'error if encoding garbage is already in Git' '
+	BEFORE_STATE=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard $BEFORE_STATE" &&
+
+	# Skip the UTF-16 filter for the added file
+	# This simulates a Git version that has no checkoutEncoding support
+	cp nobom.utf16be.raw nonsense.utf16 &&
+	TEST_HASH=$(git hash-object --no-filters -w nonsense.utf16) &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 $TEST_HASH nonsense.utf16 &&
+	COMMIT=$(git commit-tree -p $(git rev-parse HEAD) -m "plain commit" $(git write-tree)) &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/master $COMMIT &&
+
+	git diff 2>err.out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "error: BOM is required" err.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check roundtrip encoding' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f roundtrip.shift roundtrip.utf16" &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard HEAD" &&
+
+	text="hallo there!\nroundtrip test here!" &&
+	printf "$text" | iconv -f UTF-8 -t SHIFT-JIS >roundtrip.shift &&
+	printf "$text" | iconv -f UTF-8 -t UTF-16 >roundtrip.utf16 &&
+	echo "*.shift text working-tree-encoding=SHIFT-JIS" >>.gitattributes &&
+
+	# SHIFT-JIS encoded files are round-trip checked by default...
+	GIT_TRACE=1 git add .gitattributes roundtrip.shift 2>&1 |
+		grep "Checking roundtrip encoding for SHIFT-JIS" &&
+	git reset &&
+
+	# ... unless we overwrite the Git config!
+	! GIT_TRACE=1 git -c core.checkRoundtripEncoding=garbage \
+		add .gitattributes roundtrip.shift 2>&1 |
+		grep "Checking roundtrip encoding for SHIFT-JIS" &&
+	git reset &&
+
+	# UTF-16 encoded files should not be round-trip checked by default...
+	! GIT_TRACE=1 git add roundtrip.utf16 2>&1 |
+		grep "Checking roundtrip encoding for UTF-16" &&
+	git reset &&
+
+	# ... unless we tell Git to check it!
+	GIT_TRACE=1 git -c core.checkRoundtripEncoding="UTF-16, UTF-32" \
+		add roundtrip.utf16 2>&1 |
+		grep "Checking roundtrip encoding for utf-16" &&
+	git reset &&
+
+	# ... unless we tell Git to check it!
+	# (here we also check that the casing of the encoding is irrelevant)
+	GIT_TRACE=1 git -c core.checkRoundtripEncoding="UTF-32, utf-16" \
+		add roundtrip.utf16 2>&1 |
+		grep "Checking roundtrip encoding for utf-16" &&
+	git reset
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0030-stripspace.sh b/t/t0030-stripspace.sh
index 29e91d861c..5ce47e8af5 100755
--- a/t/t0030-stripspace.sh
+++ b/t/t0030-stripspace.sh
@@ -110,31 +110,30 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'only consecutive blank lines should be completely removed' '
-    > expect &&
 
     printf "\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
-    test_cmp expect actual &&
+    test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
     printf "\n\n\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
-    test_cmp expect actual &&
+    test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
     printf "$sss\n$sss\n$sss\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
-    test_cmp expect actual &&
+    test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
     printf "$sss$sss\n$sss\n\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
-    test_cmp expect actual &&
+    test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
     printf "\n$sss\n$sss$sss\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
-    test_cmp expect actual &&
+    test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
     printf "$sss$sss$sss$sss\n\n\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
-    test_cmp expect actual &&
+    test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
     printf "\n$sss$sss$sss$sss\n\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
-    test_cmp expect actual &&
+    test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
     printf "\n\n$sss$sss$sss$sss\n" | git stripspace >actual &&
-    test_cmp expect actual
+    test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -321,22 +320,20 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'spaces with newline at end should be replaced with empty string' '
-    printf "" >expect &&
-
     echo | git stripspace >actual &&
-    test_cmp expect actual &&
+    test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
     echo "$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
-    test_cmp expect actual &&
+    test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
     echo "$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
-    test_cmp expect actual &&
+    test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
     echo "$sss$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
-    test_cmp expect actual &&
+    test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
     echo "$sss$sss$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
-    test_cmp expect actual
+    test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -350,19 +347,17 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'spaces without newline at end should be replaced with empty string' '
-    printf "" >expect &&
-
     printf "" | git stripspace >actual &&
-    test_cmp expect actual &&
+    test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
     printf "$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
-    test_cmp expect actual &&
+    test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
     printf "$sss$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
-    test_cmp expect actual &&
+    test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
     printf "$sss$sss$sss$sss" | git stripspace >actual &&
-    test_cmp expect actual
+    test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -432,6 +427,15 @@ test_expect_success '-c with changed comment char' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success '-c with comment char defined in .git/config' '
+	test_config core.commentchar = &&
+	printf "= foo\n" >expect &&
+	printf "foo" | (
+		mkdir sub && cd sub && git stripspace -c
+	) >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'avoid SP-HT sequence in commented line' '
 	printf "#\tone\n#\n# two\n" >expect &&
 	printf "\tone\n\ntwo\n" | git stripspace -c >actual &&
diff --git a/t/t0040-parse-options.sh b/t/t0040-parse-options.sh
index b044785175..5b0560fa20 100755
--- a/t/t0040-parse-options.sh
+++ b/t/t0040-parse-options.sh
@@ -7,9 +7,11 @@ test_description='our own option parser'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-cat > expect << EOF
+cat >expect <<\EOF
 usage: test-parse-options <options>
 
+    A helper function for the parse-options API.
+
     --yes                 get a boolean
     -D, --no-doubt        begins with 'no-'
     -B, --no-fear         be brave
@@ -19,6 +21,7 @@ usage: test-parse-options <options>
 
     -i, --integer <n>     get a integer
     -j <n>                get a integer, too
+    -m, --magnitude <n>   get a magnitude
     --set23               set integer to 23
     -t <time>             get timestamp of <time>
     -L, --length <str>    get length of <str>
@@ -44,62 +47,24 @@ Standard options
     -v, --verbose         be verbose
     -n, --dry-run         dry run
     -q, --quiet           be quiet
+    --expect <string>     expected output in the variable dump
 
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'test help' '
-	test_must_fail test-parse-options -h > output 2> output.err &&
+	test_must_fail test-parse-options -h >output 2>output.err &&
 	test_must_be_empty output.err &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 mv expect expect.err
 
-cat >expect.template <<EOF
-boolean: 0
-integer: 0
-timestamp: 0
-string: (not set)
-abbrev: 7
-verbose: 0
-quiet: no
-dry run: no
-file: (not set)
-EOF
-
-check() {
+check () {
 	what="$1" &&
 	shift &&
 	expect="$1" &&
 	shift &&
-	sed "s/^$what .*/$what $expect/" <expect.template >expect &&
-	test-parse-options $* >output 2>output.err &&
-	test_must_be_empty output.err &&
-	test_cmp expect output
-}
-
-check_i18n() {
-	what="$1" &&
-	shift &&
-	expect="$1" &&
-	shift &&
-	sed "s/^$what .*/$what $expect/" <expect.template >expect &&
-	test-parse-options $* >output 2>output.err &&
-	test_must_be_empty output.err &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect output
-}
-
-check_unknown() {
-	case "$1" in
-	--*)
-		echo error: unknown option \`${1#--}\' >expect ;;
-	-*)
-		echo error: unknown switch \`${1#-}\' >expect ;;
-	esac &&
-	cat expect.err >>expect &&
-	test_must_fail test-parse-options $* >output 2>output.err &&
-	test_must_be_empty output &&
-	test_cmp expect output.err
+	test-parse-options --expect="$what $expect" "$@"
 }
 
 check_unknown_i18n() {
@@ -132,41 +97,66 @@ test_expect_success 'OPT_BOOL() no negation #2' 'check_unknown_i18n --no-no-fear
 
 test_expect_success 'OPT_BOOL() positivation' 'check boolean: 0 -D --doubt'
 
-cat > expect << EOF
+test_expect_success 'OPT_INT() negative' 'check integer: -2345 -i -2345'
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_MAGNITUDE() simple' '
+	check magnitude: 2345678 -m 2345678
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_MAGNITUDE() kilo' '
+	check magnitude: 239616 -m 234k
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_MAGNITUDE() mega' '
+	check magnitude: 104857600 -m 100m
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_MAGNITUDE() giga' '
+	check magnitude: 1073741824 -m 1g
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_MAGNITUDE() 3giga' '
+	check magnitude: 3221225472 -m 3g
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
 boolean: 2
 integer: 1729
+magnitude: 16384
 timestamp: 0
 string: 123
 abbrev: 7
 verbose: 2
-quiet: no
+quiet: 0
 dry run: yes
 file: prefix/my.file
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'short options' '
-	test-parse-options -s123 -b -i 1729 -b -vv -n -F my.file \
-	> output 2> output.err &&
+	test-parse-options -s123 -b -i 1729 -m 16k -b -vv -n -F my.file \
+	>output 2>output.err &&
 	test_cmp expect output &&
 	test_must_be_empty output.err
 '
 
-cat > expect << EOF
+cat >expect <<\EOF
 boolean: 2
 integer: 1729
+magnitude: 16384
 timestamp: 0
 string: 321
 abbrev: 10
 verbose: 2
-quiet: no
+quiet: 0
 dry run: no
 file: prefix/fi.le
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'long options' '
-	test-parse-options --boolean --integer 1729 --boolean --string2=321 \
-		--verbose --verbose --no-dry-run --abbrev=10 --file fi.le\
-		--obsolete > output 2> output.err &&
+	test-parse-options --boolean --integer 1729 --magnitude 16k \
+		--boolean --string2=321 --verbose --verbose --no-dry-run \
+		--abbrev=10 --file fi.le --obsolete \
+		>output 2>output.err &&
 	test_must_be_empty output.err &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
@@ -177,14 +167,15 @@ test_expect_success 'missing required value' '
 	test_expect_code 129 test-parse-options --file
 '
 
-cat > expect << EOF
+cat >expect <<\EOF
 boolean: 1
 integer: 13
+magnitude: 0
 timestamp: 0
 string: 123
 abbrev: 7
-verbose: 0
-quiet: no
+verbose: -1
+quiet: 0
 dry run: no
 file: (not set)
 arg 00: a1
@@ -194,104 +185,75 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'intermingled arguments' '
 	test-parse-options a1 --string 123 b1 --boolean -j 13 -- --boolean \
-		> output 2> output.err &&
+		>output 2>output.err &&
 	test_must_be_empty output.err &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
-cat > expect << EOF
+cat >expect <<\EOF
 boolean: 0
 integer: 2
+magnitude: 0
 timestamp: 0
 string: (not set)
 abbrev: 7
-verbose: 0
-quiet: no
+verbose: -1
+quiet: 0
 dry run: no
 file: (not set)
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'unambiguously abbreviated option' '
-	test-parse-options --int 2 --boolean --no-bo > output 2> output.err &&
+	test-parse-options --int 2 --boolean --no-bo >output 2>output.err &&
 	test_must_be_empty output.err &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'unambiguously abbreviated option with "="' '
-	test-parse-options --int=2 > output 2> output.err &&
-	test_must_be_empty output.err &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test-parse-options --expect="integer: 2" --int=2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ambiguously abbreviated option' '
 	test_expect_code 129 test-parse-options --strin 123
 '
 
-cat > expect << EOF
-boolean: 0
-integer: 0
-timestamp: 0
-string: 123
-abbrev: 7
-verbose: 0
-quiet: no
-dry run: no
-file: (not set)
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'non ambiguous option (after two options it abbreviates)' '
-	test-parse-options --st 123 > output 2> output.err &&
-	test_must_be_empty output.err &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test-parse-options --expect="string: 123" --st 123
 '
 
-cat > typo.err << EOF
-error: did you mean \`--boolean\` (with two dashes ?)
+cat >typo.err <<\EOF
+error: did you mean `--boolean` (with two dashes ?)
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'detect possible typos' '
-	test_must_fail test-parse-options -boolean > output 2> output.err &&
+	test_must_fail test-parse-options -boolean >output 2>output.err &&
 	test_must_be_empty output &&
 	test_cmp typo.err output.err
 '
 
-cat > typo.err << EOF
-error: did you mean \`--ambiguous\` (with two dashes ?)
+cat >typo.err <<\EOF
+error: did you mean `--ambiguous` (with two dashes ?)
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'detect possible typos' '
-	test_must_fail test-parse-options -ambiguous > output 2> output.err &&
+	test_must_fail test-parse-options -ambiguous >output 2>output.err &&
 	test_must_be_empty output &&
 	test_cmp typo.err output.err
 '
 
-cat > expect <<EOF
-boolean: 0
-integer: 0
-timestamp: 0
-string: (not set)
-abbrev: 7
-verbose: 0
-quiet: no
-dry run: no
-file: (not set)
-arg 00: --quux
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'keep some options as arguments' '
-	test-parse-options --quux > output 2> output.err &&
-	test_must_be_empty output.err &&
-        test_cmp expect output
+	test-parse-options --expect="arg 00: --quux" --quux
 '
 
-cat > expect <<EOF
+cat >expect <<\EOF
 boolean: 0
 integer: 0
+magnitude: 0
 timestamp: 1
 string: (not set)
 abbrev: 7
-verbose: 0
-quiet: yes
+verbose: -1
+quiet: 1
 dry run: no
 file: (not set)
 arg 00: foo
@@ -299,120 +261,87 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'OPT_DATE() works' '
 	test-parse-options -t "1970-01-01 00:00:01 +0000" \
-		foo -q > output 2> output.err &&
+		foo -q >output 2>output.err &&
 	test_must_be_empty output.err &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
-cat > expect <<EOF
+cat >expect <<\EOF
 Callback: "four", 0
 boolean: 5
 integer: 4
+magnitude: 0
 timestamp: 0
 string: (not set)
 abbrev: 7
-verbose: 0
-quiet: no
+verbose: -1
+quiet: 0
 dry run: no
 file: (not set)
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'OPT_CALLBACK() and OPT_BIT() work' '
-	test-parse-options --length=four -b -4 > output 2> output.err &&
+	test-parse-options --length=four -b -4 >output 2>output.err &&
 	test_must_be_empty output.err &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
-cat > expect <<EOF
-Callback: "not set", 1
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'OPT_CALLBACK() and callback errors work' '
-	test_must_fail test-parse-options --no-length > output 2> output.err &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect.err output.err
+	test_must_fail test-parse-options --no-length >output 2>output.err &&
+	test_must_be_empty output &&
+	test_must_be_empty output.err
 '
 
-cat > expect <<EOF
+cat >expect <<\EOF
 boolean: 1
 integer: 23
+magnitude: 0
 timestamp: 0
 string: (not set)
 abbrev: 7
-verbose: 0
-quiet: no
+verbose: -1
+quiet: 0
 dry run: no
 file: (not set)
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'OPT_BIT() and OPT_SET_INT() work' '
-	test-parse-options --set23 -bbbbb --no-or4 > output 2> output.err &&
+	test-parse-options --set23 -bbbbb --no-or4 >output 2>output.err &&
 	test_must_be_empty output.err &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'OPT_NEGBIT() and OPT_SET_INT() work' '
-	test-parse-options --set23 -bbbbb --neg-or4 > output 2> output.err &&
+	test-parse-options --set23 -bbbbb --neg-or4 >output 2>output.err &&
 	test_must_be_empty output.err &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
-cat > expect <<EOF
-boolean: 6
-integer: 0
-timestamp: 0
-string: (not set)
-abbrev: 7
-verbose: 0
-quiet: no
-dry run: no
-file: (not set)
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'OPT_BIT() works' '
-	test-parse-options -bb --or4 > output 2> output.err &&
-	test_must_be_empty output.err &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test-parse-options --expect="boolean: 6" -bb --or4
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'OPT_NEGBIT() works' '
-	test-parse-options -bb --no-neg-or4 > output 2> output.err &&
-	test_must_be_empty output.err &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test-parse-options --expect="boolean: 6" -bb --no-neg-or4
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'OPT_COUNTUP() with PARSE_OPT_NODASH works' '
-	test-parse-options + + + + + + > output 2> output.err &&
-	test_must_be_empty output.err &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test-parse-options --expect="boolean: 6" + + + + + +
 '
 
-cat > expect <<EOF
-boolean: 0
-integer: 12345
-timestamp: 0
-string: (not set)
-abbrev: 7
-verbose: 0
-quiet: no
-dry run: no
-file: (not set)
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK() works' '
-	test-parse-options -12345 > output 2> output.err &&
-	test_must_be_empty output.err &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test-parse-options --expect="integer: 12345" -12345
 '
 
-cat >expect <<EOF
+cat >expect <<\EOF
 boolean: 0
 integer: 0
+magnitude: 0
 timestamp: 0
 string: (not set)
 abbrev: 7
-verbose: 0
-quiet: no
+verbose: -1
+quiet: 0
 dry run: no
 file: (not set)
 EOF
@@ -423,7 +352,7 @@ test_expect_success 'negation of OPT_NONEG flags is not ambiguous' '
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
-cat >>expect <<'EOF'
+cat >>expect <<\EOF
 list: foo
 list: bar
 list: baz
@@ -439,4 +368,28 @@ test_expect_success '--no-list resets list' '
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'multiple quiet levels' '
+	test-parse-options --expect="quiet: 3" -q -q -q
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple verbose levels' '
+	test-parse-options --expect="verbose: 3" -v -v -v
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-quiet sets --quiet to 0' '
+	test-parse-options --expect="quiet: 0" --no-quiet
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-quiet resets multiple -q to 0' '
+	test-parse-options --expect="quiet: 0" -q -q -q --no-quiet
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-verbose sets verbose to 0' '
+	test-parse-options --expect="verbose: 0" --no-verbose
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-verbose resets multiple verbose to 0' '
+	test-parse-options --expect="verbose: 0" -v -v -v --no-verbose
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0041-usage.sh b/t/t0041-usage.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5b927b76fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0041-usage.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test commands behavior when given invalid argument value'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup ' '
+	test_commit "v1.0"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tag --contains <existent_tag>' '
+	git tag --contains "v1.0" >actual 2>actual.err &&
+	grep "v1.0" actual &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tag --contains <inexistent_tag>' '
+	test_must_fail git tag --contains "notag" >actual 2>actual.err &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "error" actual.err &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "usage" actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tag --no-contains <existent_tag>' '
+	git tag --no-contains "v1.0" >actual 2>actual.err  &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tag --no-contains <inexistent_tag>' '
+	test_must_fail git tag --no-contains "notag" >actual 2>actual.err &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "error" actual.err &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "usage" actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tag usage error' '
+	test_must_fail git tag --noopt >actual 2>actual.err &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "usage" actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch --contains <existent_commit>' '
+	git branch --contains "master" >actual 2>actual.err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "master" actual &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch --contains <inexistent_commit>' '
+	test_must_fail git branch --no-contains "nocommit" >actual 2>actual.err &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "error" actual.err &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "usage" actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch --no-contains <existent_commit>' '
+	git branch --no-contains "master" >actual 2>actual.err &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch --no-contains <inexistent_commit>' '
+	test_must_fail git branch --no-contains "nocommit" >actual 2>actual.err &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "error" actual.err &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "usage" actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch usage error' '
+	test_must_fail git branch --noopt >actual 2>actual.err &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "usage" actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'for-each-ref --contains <existent_object>' '
+	git for-each-ref --contains "master" >actual 2>actual.err &&
+	test_line_count = 2 actual &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'for-each-ref --contains <inexistent_object>' '
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --no-contains "noobject" >actual 2>actual.err &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "error" actual.err &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "usage" actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'for-each-ref --no-contains <existent_object>' '
+	git for-each-ref --no-contains "master" >actual 2>actual.err &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'for-each-ref --no-contains <inexistent_object>' '
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --no-contains "noobject" >actual 2>actual.err &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "error" actual.err &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "usage" actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'for-each-ref usage error' '
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --noopt >actual 2>actual.err &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "usage" actual.err
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0050-filesystem.sh b/t/t0050-filesystem.sh
index b29d749bb7..192c94eccd 100755
--- a/t/t0050-filesystem.sh
+++ b/t/t0050-filesystem.sh
@@ -80,7 +80,21 @@ test_expect_success 'merge (case change)' '
 	git merge topic
 '
 
-
+test_expect_success CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS 'add directory (with different case)' '
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	mkdir -p dir1/dir2 &&
+	echo >dir1/dir2/a &&
+	echo >dir1/dir2/b &&
+	git add dir1/dir2/a &&
+	git add dir1/DIR2/b &&
+	git ls-files >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+		camelcase
+		dir1/dir2/a
+		dir1/dir2/b
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
 
 test_expect_failure CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS 'add (with different case)' '
 	git reset --hard initial &&
diff --git a/t/t0056-git-C.sh b/t/t0056-git-C.sh
index 99c037703a..2630e756da 100755
--- a/t/t0056-git-C.sh
+++ b/t/t0056-git-C.sh
@@ -14,6 +14,16 @@ test_expect_success '"git -C <path>" runs git from the directory <path>' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success '"git -C <path>" with an empty <path> is a no-op' '
+	(
+		mkdir -p dir1/subdir &&
+		cd dir1/subdir &&
+		git -C "" rev-parse --show-prefix >actual &&
+		echo subdir/ >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'Multiple -C options: "-C dir1 -C dir2" is equivalent to "-C dir1/dir2"' '
 	test_create_repo dir1/dir2 &&
 	echo 1 >dir1/dir2/b.txt &&
diff --git a/t/t0060-path-utils.sh b/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
index c0143a0a70..cd74c0a471 100755
--- a/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
+++ b/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
@@ -8,36 +8,60 @@ test_description='Test various path utilities'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 norm_path() {
-	expected=$(test-path-utils print_path "$2")
+	expected=$(test-tool path-utils print_path "$2")
 	test_expect_success $3 "normalize path: $1 => $2" \
-	"test \"\$(test-path-utils normalize_path_copy '$1')\" = '$expected'"
+	"test \"\$(test-tool path-utils normalize_path_copy '$1')\" = '$expected'"
 }
 
 relative_path() {
-	expected=$(test-path-utils print_path "$3")
+	expected=$(test-tool path-utils print_path "$3")
 	test_expect_success $4 "relative path: $1 $2 => $3" \
-	"test \"\$(test-path-utils relative_path '$1' '$2')\" = '$expected'"
+	"test \"\$(test-tool path-utils relative_path '$1' '$2')\" = '$expected'"
+}
+
+test_submodule_relative_url() {
+	test_expect_success "test_submodule_relative_url: $1 $2 $3 => $4" "
+		actual=\$(git submodule--helper resolve-relative-url-test '$1' '$2' '$3') &&
+		test \"\$actual\" = '$4'
+	"
+}
+
+test_git_path() {
+	test_expect_success "git-path $1 $2 => $3" "
+		$1 git rev-parse --git-path $2 >actual &&
+		echo $3 >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	"
 }
 
 # On Windows, we are using MSYS's bash, which mangles the paths.
 # Absolute paths are anchored at the MSYS installation directory,
 # which means that the path / accounts for this many characters:
-rootoff=$(test-path-utils normalize_path_copy / | wc -c)
+rootoff=$(test-tool path-utils normalize_path_copy / | wc -c)
 # Account for the trailing LF:
 if test $rootoff = 2; then
 	rootoff=	# we are on Unix
 else
 	rootoff=$(($rootoff-1))
+	# In MSYS2, the root directory "/" is translated into a Windows
+	# directory *with* trailing slash. Let's test for that and adjust
+	# our expected longest ancestor length accordingly.
+	case "$(test-tool path-utils print_path /)" in
+	*/) rootslash=1;;
+	*) rootslash=0;;
+	esac
 fi
 
 ancestor() {
 	# We do some math with the expected ancestor length.
 	expected=$3
 	if test -n "$rootoff" && test "x$expected" != x-1; then
+		expected=$(($expected-$rootslash))
+		test $expected -lt 0 ||
 		expected=$(($expected+$rootoff))
 	fi
 	test_expect_success "longest ancestor: $1 $2 => $expected" \
-	"actual=\$(test-path-utils longest_ancestor_length '$1' '$2') &&
+	"actual=\$(test-tool path-utils longest_ancestor_length '$1' '$2') &&
 	 test \"\$actual\" = '$expected'"
 }
 
@@ -46,11 +70,16 @@ ancestor() {
 case $(uname -s) in
 *MINGW*)
 	;;
+*CYGWIN*)
+	;;
 *)
 	test_set_prereq POSIX
 	;;
 esac
 
+test_expect_success basename 'test-tool path-utils basename'
+test_expect_success dirname 'test-tool path-utils dirname'
+
 norm_path "" ""
 norm_path . ""
 norm_path ./ ""
@@ -128,48 +157,48 @@ ancestor /foo/bar /foo:/bar 4
 ancestor /foo/bar /bar -1
 
 test_expect_success 'strip_path_suffix' '
-	test c:/msysgit = $(test-path-utils strip_path_suffix \
+	test c:/msysgit = $(test-tool path-utils strip_path_suffix \
 		c:/msysgit/libexec//git-core libexec/git-core)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'absolute path rejects the empty string' '
-	test_must_fail test-path-utils absolute_path ""
+	test_must_fail test-tool path-utils absolute_path ""
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'real path rejects the empty string' '
-	test_must_fail test-path-utils real_path ""
+	test_must_fail test-tool path-utils real_path ""
 '
 
 test_expect_success POSIX 'real path works on absolute paths 1' '
 	nopath="hopefully-absent-path" &&
-	test "/" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "/")" &&
-	test "/$nopath" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "/$nopath")"
+	test "/" = "$(test-tool path-utils real_path "/")" &&
+	test "/$nopath" = "$(test-tool path-utils real_path "/$nopath")"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'real path works on absolute paths 2' '
 	nopath="hopefully-absent-path" &&
 	# Find an existing top-level directory for the remaining tests:
 	d=$(pwd -P | sed -e "s|^\([^/]*/[^/]*\)/.*|\1|") &&
-	test "$d" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "$d")" &&
-	test "$d/$nopath" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "$d/$nopath")"
+	test "$d" = "$(test-tool path-utils real_path "$d")" &&
+	test "$d/$nopath" = "$(test-tool path-utils real_path "$d/$nopath")"
 '
 
 test_expect_success POSIX 'real path removes extra leading slashes' '
 	nopath="hopefully-absent-path" &&
-	test "/" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "///")" &&
-	test "/$nopath" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "///$nopath")" &&
+	test "/" = "$(test-tool path-utils real_path "///")" &&
+	test "/$nopath" = "$(test-tool path-utils real_path "///$nopath")" &&
 	# Find an existing top-level directory for the remaining tests:
 	d=$(pwd -P | sed -e "s|^\([^/]*/[^/]*\)/.*|\1|") &&
-	test "$d" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "//$d")" &&
-	test "$d/$nopath" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "//$d/$nopath")"
+	test "$d" = "$(test-tool path-utils real_path "//$d")" &&
+	test "$d/$nopath" = "$(test-tool path-utils real_path "//$d/$nopath")"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'real path removes other extra slashes' '
 	nopath="hopefully-absent-path" &&
 	# Find an existing top-level directory for the remaining tests:
 	d=$(pwd -P | sed -e "s|^\([^/]*/[^/]*\)/.*|\1|") &&
-	test "$d" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "$d///")" &&
-	test "$d/$nopath" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "$d///$nopath")"
+	test "$d" = "$(test-tool path-utils real_path "$d///")" &&
+	test "$d/$nopath" = "$(test-tool path-utils real_path "$d///$nopath")"
 '
 
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'real path works on symlinks' '
@@ -180,35 +209,35 @@ test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'real path works on symlinks' '
 	mkdir third &&
 	dir="$(cd .git; pwd -P)" &&
 	dir2=third/../second/other/.git &&
-	test "$dir" = "$(test-path-utils real_path $dir2)" &&
+	test "$dir" = "$(test-tool path-utils real_path $dir2)" &&
 	file="$dir"/index &&
-	test "$file" = "$(test-path-utils real_path $dir2/index)" &&
+	test "$file" = "$(test-tool path-utils real_path $dir2/index)" &&
 	basename=blub &&
-	test "$dir/$basename" = "$(cd .git && test-path-utils real_path "$basename")" &&
+	test "$dir/$basename" = "$(cd .git && test-tool path-utils real_path "$basename")" &&
 	ln -s ../first/file .git/syml &&
 	sym="$(cd first; pwd -P)"/file &&
-	test "$sym" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "$dir2/syml")"
+	test "$sym" = "$(test-tool path-utils real_path "$dir2/syml")"
 '
 
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'prefix_path works with absolute paths to work tree symlinks' '
 	ln -s target symlink &&
-	test "$(test-path-utils prefix_path prefix "$(pwd)/symlink")" = "symlink"
+	test "$(test-tool path-utils prefix_path prefix "$(pwd)/symlink")" = "symlink"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'prefix_path works with only absolute path to work tree' '
 	echo "" >expected &&
-	test-path-utils prefix_path prefix "$(pwd)" >actual &&
+	test-tool path-utils prefix_path prefix "$(pwd)" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'prefix_path rejects absolute path to dir with same beginning as work tree' '
-	test_must_fail test-path-utils prefix_path prefix "$(pwd)a"
+	test_must_fail test-tool path-utils prefix_path prefix "$(pwd)a"
 '
 
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'prefix_path works with absolute path to a symlink to work tree having  same beginning as work tree' '
 	git init repo &&
 	ln -s repo repolink &&
-	test "a" = "$(cd repo && test-path-utils prefix_path prefix "$(pwd)/../repolink/a")"
+	test "a" = "$(cd repo && test-tool path-utils prefix_path prefix "$(pwd)/../repolink/a")"
 '
 
 relative_path /foo/a/b/c/	/foo/a/b/	c/
@@ -244,4 +273,179 @@ relative_path "<null>"		"<empty>"	./
 relative_path "<null>"		"<null>"	./
 relative_path "<null>"		/foo/a/b	./
 
+test_git_path A=B                info/grafts .git/info/grafts
+test_git_path GIT_GRAFT_FILE=foo info/grafts foo
+test_git_path GIT_GRAFT_FILE=foo info/////grafts foo
+test_git_path GIT_INDEX_FILE=foo index foo
+test_git_path GIT_INDEX_FILE=foo index/foo .git/index/foo
+test_git_path GIT_INDEX_FILE=foo index2 .git/index2
+test_expect_success 'setup fake objects directory foo' 'mkdir foo'
+test_git_path GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY=foo objects foo
+test_git_path GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY=foo objects/foo foo/foo
+test_git_path GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY=foo objects2 .git/objects2
+test_expect_success 'setup common repository' 'git --git-dir=bar init'
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar index                    .git/index
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar HEAD                     .git/HEAD
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar logs/HEAD                .git/logs/HEAD
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar logs/refs/bisect/foo     .git/logs/refs/bisect/foo
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar logs/refs/bisec/foo      bar/logs/refs/bisec/foo
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar logs/refs/bisec          bar/logs/refs/bisec
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar logs/refs/bisectfoo      bar/logs/refs/bisectfoo
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar objects                  bar/objects
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar objects/bar              bar/objects/bar
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar info/exclude             bar/info/exclude
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar info/grafts              bar/info/grafts
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar info/sparse-checkout     .git/info/sparse-checkout
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar info//sparse-checkout    .git/info//sparse-checkout
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar remotes/bar              bar/remotes/bar
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar branches/bar             bar/branches/bar
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar logs/refs/heads/master   bar/logs/refs/heads/master
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar refs/heads/master        bar/refs/heads/master
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar refs/bisect/foo          .git/refs/bisect/foo
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar hooks/me                 bar/hooks/me
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar config                   bar/config
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar packed-refs              bar/packed-refs
+test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar shallow                  bar/shallow
+
+# In the tests below, $(pwd) must be used because it is a native path on
+# Windows and avoids MSYS's path mangling (which simplifies "foo/../bar" and
+# strips the dot from trailing "/.").
+
+test_submodule_relative_url "../" "../foo" "../submodule" "../../submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "../" "../foo/bar" "../submodule" "../../foo/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "../" "../foo/submodule" "../submodule" "../../foo/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "../" "./foo" "../submodule" "../submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "../" "./foo/bar" "../submodule" "../foo/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "../../../" "../foo/bar" "../sub/a/b/c" "../../../../foo/sub/a/b/c"
+test_submodule_relative_url "../" "$(pwd)/addtest" "../repo" "$(pwd)/repo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "../" "foo/bar" "../submodule" "../foo/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "../" "foo" "../submodule" "../submodule"
+
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "../foo/bar" "../sub/a/b/c" "../foo/sub/a/b/c"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "../foo/bar" "../sub/a/b/c/" "../foo/sub/a/b/c"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "../foo/bar/" "../sub/a/b/c" "../foo/sub/a/b/c"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "../foo/bar" "../submodule" "../foo/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "../foo/submodule" "../submodule" "../foo/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "../foo" "../submodule" "../submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "./foo/bar" "../submodule" "foo/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "./foo" "../submodule" "submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "//somewhere else/repo" "../subrepo" "//somewhere else/subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "//somewhere else/repo" "../../subrepo" "//subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "//somewhere else/repo" "../../../subrepo" "/subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "//somewhere else/repo" "../../../../subrepo" "subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "$(pwd)/subsuper_update_r" "../subsubsuper_update_r" "$(pwd)/subsubsuper_update_r"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "$(pwd)/super_update_r2" "../subsuper_update_r" "$(pwd)/subsuper_update_r"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "$(pwd)/." "../." "$(pwd)/."
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "$(pwd)" "./." "$(pwd)/."
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "$(pwd)/addtest" "../repo" "$(pwd)/repo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "$(pwd)" "./å äö" "$(pwd)/å äö"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "$(pwd)/." "../submodule" "$(pwd)/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "$(pwd)/submodule" "../submodule" "$(pwd)/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "$(pwd)/home2/../remote" "../bundle1" "$(pwd)/home2/../bundle1"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "$(pwd)/submodule_update_repo" "./." "$(pwd)/submodule_update_repo/."
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "file:///tmp/repo" "../subrepo" "file:///tmp/subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "foo/bar" "../submodule" "foo/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "foo" "../submodule" "submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "helper:://hostname/repo" "../subrepo" "helper:://hostname/subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "helper:://hostname/repo" "../../subrepo" "helper:://subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "helper:://hostname/repo" "../../../subrepo" "helper::/subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "helper:://hostname/repo" "../../../../subrepo" "helper::subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "helper:://hostname/repo" "../../../../../subrepo" "helper:subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "helper:://hostname/repo" "../../../../../../subrepo" ".:subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "ssh://hostname/repo" "../subrepo" "ssh://hostname/subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "ssh://hostname/repo" "../../subrepo" "ssh://subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "ssh://hostname/repo" "../../../subrepo" "ssh:/subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "ssh://hostname/repo" "../../../../subrepo" "ssh:subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "ssh://hostname/repo" "../../../../../subrepo" ".:subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "ssh://hostname:22/repo" "../subrepo" "ssh://hostname:22/subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "user@host:path/to/repo" "../subrepo" "user@host:path/to/subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "user@host:repo" "../subrepo" "user@host:subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "user@host:repo" "../../subrepo" ".:subrepo"
+
+test_expect_success 'match .gitmodules' '
+	test-tool path-utils is_dotgitmodules \
+		.gitmodules \
+		\
+		.git${u200c}modules \
+		\
+		.Gitmodules \
+		.gitmoduleS \
+		\
+		".gitmodules " \
+		".gitmodules." \
+		".gitmodules  " \
+		".gitmodules. " \
+		".gitmodules ." \
+		".gitmodules.." \
+		".gitmodules   " \
+		".gitmodules.  " \
+		".gitmodules . " \
+		".gitmodules  ." \
+		\
+		".Gitmodules " \
+		".Gitmodules." \
+		".Gitmodules  " \
+		".Gitmodules. " \
+		".Gitmodules ." \
+		".Gitmodules.." \
+		".Gitmodules   " \
+		".Gitmodules.  " \
+		".Gitmodules . " \
+		".Gitmodules  ." \
+		\
+		GITMOD~1 \
+		gitmod~1 \
+		GITMOD~2 \
+		gitmod~3 \
+		GITMOD~4 \
+		\
+		"GITMOD~1 " \
+		"gitmod~2." \
+		"GITMOD~3  " \
+		"gitmod~4. " \
+		"GITMOD~1 ." \
+		"gitmod~2   " \
+		"GITMOD~3.  " \
+		"gitmod~4 . " \
+		\
+		GI7EBA~1 \
+		gi7eba~9 \
+		\
+		GI7EB~10 \
+		GI7EB~11 \
+		GI7EB~99 \
+		GI7EB~10 \
+		GI7E~100 \
+		GI7E~101 \
+		GI7E~999 \
+		~1000000 \
+		~9999999 \
+		\
+		--not \
+		".gitmodules x"  \
+		".gitmodules .x" \
+		\
+		" .gitmodules" \
+		\
+		..gitmodules \
+		\
+		gitmodules \
+		\
+		.gitmodule \
+		\
+		".gitmodules x " \
+		".gitmodules .x" \
+		\
+		GI7EBA~ \
+		GI7EBA~0 \
+		GI7EBA~~1 \
+		GI7EBA~X \
+		Gx7EBA~1 \
+		GI7EBX~1 \
+		\
+		GI7EB~1 \
+		GI7EB~01 \
+		GI7EB~1X
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0061-run-command.sh b/t/t0061-run-command.sh
index 9acf628726..3e131c5325 100755
--- a/t/t0061-run-command.sh
+++ b/t/t0061-run-command.sh
@@ -11,25 +11,65 @@ cat >hello-script <<-EOF
 	#!$SHELL_PATH
 	cat hello-script
 EOF
->empty
 
 test_expect_success 'start_command reports ENOENT' '
-	test-run-command start-command-ENOENT ./does-not-exist
+	test-tool run-command start-command-ENOENT ./does-not-exist
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'run_command can run a command' '
 	cat hello-script >hello.sh &&
 	chmod +x hello.sh &&
-	test-run-command run-command ./hello.sh >actual 2>err &&
+	test-tool run-command run-command ./hello.sh >actual 2>err &&
 
 	test_cmp hello-script actual &&
-	test_cmp empty err
+	test_must_be_empty err
+'
+
+test_expect_success !MINGW 'run_command can run a script without a #! line' '
+	cat >hello <<-\EOF &&
+	cat hello-script
+	EOF
+	chmod +x hello &&
+	test-tool run-command run-command ./hello >actual 2>err &&
+
+	test_cmp hello-script actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'run_command does not try to execute a directory' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf bin1 bin2" &&
+	mkdir -p bin1/greet bin2 &&
+	write_script bin2/greet <<-\EOF &&
+	cat bin2/greet
+	EOF
+
+	PATH=$PWD/bin1:$PWD/bin2:$PATH \
+		test-tool run-command run-command greet >actual 2>err &&
+	test_cmp bin2/greet actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty err
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'run_command passes over non-executable file' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf bin1 bin2" &&
+	mkdir -p bin1 bin2 &&
+	write_script bin1/greet <<-\EOF &&
+	cat bin1/greet
+	EOF
+	chmod -x bin1/greet &&
+	write_script bin2/greet <<-\EOF &&
+	cat bin2/greet
+	EOF
+
+	PATH=$PWD/bin1:$PWD/bin2:$PATH \
+		test-tool run-command run-command greet >actual 2>err &&
+	test_cmp bin2/greet actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty err
 '
 
 test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'run_command reports EACCES' '
 	cat hello-script >hello.sh &&
 	chmod -x hello.sh &&
-	test_must_fail test-run-command run-command ./hello.sh 2>err &&
+	test_must_fail test-tool run-command run-command ./hello.sh 2>err &&
 
 	grep "fatal: cannot exec.*hello.sh" err
 '
@@ -47,4 +87,94 @@ test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SANITY 'unreadable directory in PATH' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+cat >expect <<-EOF
+preloaded output of a child
+Hello
+World
+preloaded output of a child
+Hello
+World
+preloaded output of a child
+Hello
+World
+preloaded output of a child
+Hello
+World
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'run_command runs in parallel with more jobs available than tasks' '
+	test-tool run-command run-command-parallel 5 sh -c "printf \"%s\n%s\n\" Hello World" 2>actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'run_command runs in parallel with as many jobs as tasks' '
+	test-tool run-command run-command-parallel 4 sh -c "printf \"%s\n%s\n\" Hello World" 2>actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'run_command runs in parallel with more tasks than jobs available' '
+	test-tool run-command run-command-parallel 3 sh -c "printf \"%s\n%s\n\" Hello World" 2>actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<-EOF
+preloaded output of a child
+asking for a quick stop
+preloaded output of a child
+asking for a quick stop
+preloaded output of a child
+asking for a quick stop
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'run_command is asked to abort gracefully' '
+	test-tool run-command run-command-abort 3 false 2>actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<-EOF
+no further jobs available
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'run_command outputs ' '
+	test-tool run-command run-command-no-jobs 3 sh -c "printf \"%s\n%s\n\" Hello World" 2>actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_trace () {
+	expect="$1"
+	shift
+	GIT_TRACE=1 test-tool run-command "$@" run-command true 2>&1 >/dev/null | \
+		sed -e 's/.* run_command: //' -e '/trace: .*/d' >actual &&
+	echo "$expect true" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_TRACE with environment variables' '
+	test_trace "abc=1 def=2" env abc=1 env def=2 &&
+	test_trace "abc=2" env abc env abc=1 env abc=2 &&
+	test_trace "abc=2" env abc env abc=2 &&
+	(
+		abc=1 && export abc &&
+		test_trace "def=1" env abc=1 env def=1
+	) &&
+	(
+		abc=1 && export abc &&
+		test_trace "def=1" env abc env abc=1 env def=1
+	) &&
+	test_trace "def=1" env non-exist env def=1 &&
+	test_trace "abc=2" env abc=1 env abc env abc=2 &&
+	(
+		abc=1 def=2 && export abc def &&
+		test_trace "unset abc def;" env abc env def
+	) &&
+	(
+		abc=1 def=2 && export abc def &&
+		test_trace "unset def; abc=3" env abc env def env abc=3
+	) &&
+	(
+		abc=1 && export abc &&
+		test_trace "unset abc;" env abc=2 env abc
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0062-revision-walking.sh b/t/t0062-revision-walking.sh
index 113c728e67..8e215867b8 100755
--- a/t/t0062-revision-walking.sh
+++ b/t/t0062-revision-walking.sh
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'revision walking can be done twice' '
-	test-revision-walking run-twice >run_twice_actual &&
+	test-tool revision-walking run-twice >run_twice_actual &&
 	test_cmp run_twice_expected run_twice_actual
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t0063-string-list.sh b/t/t0063-string-list.sh
index dbfc05ebdc..c6ee9f66b1 100755
--- a/t/t0063-string-list.sh
+++ b/t/t0063-string-list.sh
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ test_description='Test string list functionality'
 test_split () {
 	cat >expected &&
 	test_expect_success "split $1 at $2, max $3" "
-		test-string-list split '$1' '$2' '$3' >actual &&
+		test-tool string-list split '$1' '$2' '$3' >actual &&
 		test_cmp expected actual &&
-		test-string-list split_in_place '$1' '$2' '$3' >actual &&
+		test-tool string-list split_in_place '$1' '$2' '$3' >actual &&
 		test_cmp expected actual
 	"
 }
@@ -61,31 +61,31 @@ test_split ":" ":" "-1" <<EOF
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success "test filter_string_list" '
-	test "x-" = "x$(test-string-list filter - y)" &&
-	test "x-" = "x$(test-string-list filter no y)" &&
-	test yes = "$(test-string-list filter yes y)" &&
-	test yes = "$(test-string-list filter no:yes y)" &&
-	test yes = "$(test-string-list filter yes:no y)" &&
-	test y1:y2 = "$(test-string-list filter y1:y2 y)" &&
-	test y2:y1 = "$(test-string-list filter y2:y1 y)" &&
-	test "x-" = "x$(test-string-list filter x1:x2 y)"
+	test "x-" = "x$(test-tool string-list filter - y)" &&
+	test "x-" = "x$(test-tool string-list filter no y)" &&
+	test yes = "$(test-tool string-list filter yes y)" &&
+	test yes = "$(test-tool string-list filter no:yes y)" &&
+	test yes = "$(test-tool string-list filter yes:no y)" &&
+	test y1:y2 = "$(test-tool string-list filter y1:y2 y)" &&
+	test y2:y1 = "$(test-tool string-list filter y2:y1 y)" &&
+	test "x-" = "x$(test-tool string-list filter x1:x2 y)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success "test remove_duplicates" '
-	test "x-" = "x$(test-string-list remove_duplicates -)" &&
-	test "x" = "x$(test-string-list remove_duplicates "")" &&
-	test a = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a)" &&
-	test a = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:a)" &&
-	test a = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:a:a:a:a)" &&
-	test a:b = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:b)" &&
-	test a:b = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:a:b)" &&
-	test a:b = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:b:b)" &&
-	test a:b:c = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:b:c)" &&
-	test a:b:c = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:a:b:c)" &&
-	test a:b:c = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:b:b:c)" &&
-	test a:b:c = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:b:c:c)" &&
-	test a:b:c = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:a:b:b:c:c)" &&
-	test a:b:c = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:a:a:b:b:b:c:c:c)"
+	test "x-" = "x$(test-tool string-list remove_duplicates -)" &&
+	test "x" = "x$(test-tool string-list remove_duplicates "")" &&
+	test a = "$(test-tool string-list remove_duplicates a)" &&
+	test a = "$(test-tool string-list remove_duplicates a:a)" &&
+	test a = "$(test-tool string-list remove_duplicates a:a:a:a:a)" &&
+	test a:b = "$(test-tool string-list remove_duplicates a:b)" &&
+	test a:b = "$(test-tool string-list remove_duplicates a:a:b)" &&
+	test a:b = "$(test-tool string-list remove_duplicates a:b:b)" &&
+	test a:b:c = "$(test-tool string-list remove_duplicates a:b:c)" &&
+	test a:b:c = "$(test-tool string-list remove_duplicates a:a:b:c)" &&
+	test a:b:c = "$(test-tool string-list remove_duplicates a:b:b:c)" &&
+	test a:b:c = "$(test-tool string-list remove_duplicates a:b:c:c)" &&
+	test a:b:c = "$(test-tool string-list remove_duplicates a:a:b:b:c:c)" &&
+	test a:b:c = "$(test-tool string-list remove_duplicates a:a:a:b:b:b:c:c:c)"
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0064-sha1-array.sh b/t/t0064-sha1-array.sh
index 50b31ffe75..67484502a0 100755
--- a/t/t0064-sha1-array.sh
+++ b/t/t0064-sha1-array.sh
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ test_expect_success 'ordered enumeration' '
 	{
 		echo20 append 88 44 aa 55 &&
 		echo for_each_unique
-	} | test-sha1-array >actual &&
+	} | test-tool sha1-array >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ test_expect_success 'ordered enumeration with duplicate suppression' '
 		echo20 append 88 44 aa 55 &&
 		echo20 append 88 44 aa 55 &&
 		echo for_each_unique
-	} | test-sha1-array >actual &&
+	} | test-tool sha1-array >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ test_expect_success 'lookup' '
 	{
 		echo20 append 88 44 aa 55 &&
 		echo20 lookup 55
-	} | test-sha1-array >actual &&
+	} | test-tool sha1-array >actual &&
 	n=$(cat actual) &&
 	test "$n" -eq 1
 '
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ test_expect_success 'lookup non-existing entry' '
 	{
 		echo20 append 88 44 aa 55 &&
 		echo20 lookup 33
-	} | test-sha1-array >actual &&
+	} | test-tool sha1-array >actual &&
 	n=$(cat actual) &&
 	test "$n" -lt 0
 '
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ test_expect_success 'lookup with duplicates' '
 		echo20 append 88 44 aa 55 &&
 		echo20 append 88 44 aa 55 &&
 		echo20 lookup 55
-	} | test-sha1-array >actual &&
+	} | test-tool sha1-array >actual &&
 	n=$(cat actual) &&
 	test "$n" -ge 2 &&
 	test "$n" -le 3
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ test_expect_success 'lookup non-existing entry with duplicates' '
 		echo20 append 88 44 aa 55 &&
 		echo20 append 88 44 aa 55 &&
 		echo20 lookup 66
-	} | test-sha1-array >actual &&
+	} | test-tool sha1-array >actual &&
 	n=$(cat actual) &&
 	test "$n" -lt 0
 '
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ test_expect_success 'lookup with almost duplicate values' '
 		echo "append 5555555555555555555555555555555555555555" &&
 		echo "append 555555555555555555555555555555555555555f" &&
 		echo20 lookup 55
-	} | test-sha1-array >actual &&
+	} | test-tool sha1-array >actual &&
 	n=$(cat actual) &&
 	test "$n" -eq 0
 '
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ test_expect_success 'lookup with single duplicate value' '
 	{
 		echo20 append 55 55 &&
 		echo20 lookup 55
-	} | test-sha1-array >actual &&
+	} | test-tool sha1-array >actual &&
 	n=$(cat actual) &&
 	test "$n" -ge 0 &&
 	test "$n" -le 1
diff --git a/t/t0065-strcmp-offset.sh b/t/t0065-strcmp-offset.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..91fa639c4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0065-strcmp-offset.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test strcmp_offset functionality'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+while read s1 s2 expect
+do
+	test_expect_success "strcmp_offset($s1, $s2)" '
+		echo "$expect" >expect &&
+		test-tool strcmp-offset "$s1" "$s2" >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+done <<-EOF
+abc abc 0 3
+abc def -1 0
+abc abz -1 2
+abc abcdef -1 3
+EOF
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0070-fundamental.sh b/t/t0070-fundamental.sh
index 5ed69a6f56..7b111a56fd 100755
--- a/t/t0070-fundamental.sh
+++ b/t/t0070-fundamental.sh
@@ -9,19 +9,19 @@ Verify wrappers and compatibility functions.
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'character classes (isspace, isalpha etc.)' '
-	test-ctype
+	test-tool ctype
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'mktemp to nonexistent directory prints filename' '
-	test_must_fail test-mktemp doesnotexist/testXXXXXX 2>err &&
+	test_must_fail test-tool mktemp doesnotexist/testXXXXXX 2>err &&
 	grep "doesnotexist/test" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SANITY 'mktemp to unwritable directory prints filename' '
 	mkdir cannotwrite &&
-	chmod -w cannotwrite &&
 	test_when_finished "chmod +w cannotwrite" &&
-	test_must_fail test-mktemp cannotwrite/testXXXXXX 2>err &&
+	chmod -w cannotwrite &&
+	test_must_fail test-tool mktemp cannotwrite/testXXXXXX 2>err &&
 	grep "cannotwrite/test" err
 '
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git_mkstemps_mode does not fail if fd 0 is not open' '
 
 test_expect_success 'check for a bug in the regex routines' '
 	# if this test fails, re-build git with NO_REGEX=1
-	test-regex
+	test-tool regex --bug
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0090-cache-tree.sh b/t/t0090-cache-tree.sh
index 601d02d71f..7de40141ca 100755
--- a/t/t0090-cache-tree.sh
+++ b/t/t0090-cache-tree.sh
@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ cache-tree extension.
  . ./test-lib.sh
 
 cmp_cache_tree () {
-	test-dump-cache-tree | sed -e '/#(ref)/d' >actual &&
-	sed "s/$_x40/SHA/" <actual >filtered &&
+	test-tool dump-cache-tree | sed -e '/#(ref)/d' >actual &&
+	sed "s/$OID_REGEX/SHA/" <actual >filtered &&
 	test_cmp "$1" filtered
 }
 
 # We don't bother with actually checking the SHA1:
-# test-dump-cache-tree already verifies that all existing data is
+# test-tool dump-cache-tree already verifies that all existing data is
 # correct.
 generate_expected_cache_tree_rec () {
 	dir="$1${1:+/}" &&
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ test_cache_tree () {
 
 test_invalid_cache_tree () {
 	printf "invalid                                  %s ()\n" "" "$@" >expect &&
-	test-dump-cache-tree |
+	test-tool dump-cache-tree |
 	sed -n -e "s/[0-9]* subtrees//" -e '/#(ref)/d' -e '/^invalid /p' >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 }
@@ -115,14 +115,14 @@ test_expect_success 'update-index invalidates cache-tree' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'write-tree establishes cache-tree' '
-	test-scrap-cache-tree &&
+	test-tool scrap-cache-tree &&
 	git write-tree &&
 	test_cache_tree
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'test-scrap-cache-tree works' '
+test_expect_success 'test-tool scrap-cache-tree works' '
 	git read-tree HEAD &&
-	test-scrap-cache-tree &&
+	test-tool scrap-cache-tree &&
 	test_no_cache_tree
 '
 
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'commit --interactive gives cache-tree on partial commi
 		return 44;
 	}
 	EOT
-	(echo p; echo 1; echo; echo s; echo n; echo y; echo q) |
+	test_write_lines p 1 "" s n y q |
 	git commit --interactive -m foo &&
 	test_cache_tree
 '
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ test_expect_success 'commit in child dir has cache-tree' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'reset --hard gives cache-tree' '
-	test-scrap-cache-tree &&
+	test-tool scrap-cache-tree &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	test_cache_tree
 '
@@ -199,6 +199,30 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout -B gives cache-tree' '
 	test_cache_tree
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'merge --ff-only maintains cache-tree' '
+	git checkout current &&
+	git checkout -b changes &&
+	test_commit llamas &&
+	test_commit pachyderm &&
+	test_cache_tree &&
+	git checkout current &&
+	test_cache_tree &&
+	git merge --ff-only changes &&
+	test_cache_tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge maintains cache-tree' '
+	git checkout current &&
+	git checkout -b changes2 &&
+	test_commit alpacas &&
+	test_cache_tree &&
+	git checkout current &&
+	test_commit struthio &&
+	test_cache_tree &&
+	git merge changes2 &&
+	test_cache_tree
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'partial commit gives cache-tree' '
 	git checkout -b partial no-children &&
 	test_commit one &&
@@ -215,7 +239,17 @@ test_expect_success 'no phantom error when switching trees' '
 	>newdir/one &&
 	git add newdir/one &&
 	git checkout 2>errors &&
-	! test -s errors
+	test_must_be_empty errors
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'switching trees does not invalidate shared index' '
+	git update-index --split-index &&
+	>split &&
+	git add split &&
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | grep -v ^own >before &&
+	git commit -m "as-is" &&
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | grep -v ^own >after &&
+	test_cmp before after
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0100-previous.sh b/t/t0100-previous.sh
index e0a6940232..58c0b7e9b6 100755
--- a/t/t0100-previous.sh
+++ b/t/t0100-previous.sh
@@ -56,5 +56,13 @@ test_expect_success 'merge @{-100} before checking out that many branches yet' '
 	test_must_fail git merge @{-100}
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'log -g @{-1}' '
+	git checkout -b last_branch &&
+	git checkout -b new_branch &&
+	echo "last_branch@{0}" >expect &&
+	git log -g --format=%gd @{-1} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
 
diff --git a/t/t0110-urlmatch-normalization.sh b/t/t0110-urlmatch-normalization.sh
index 410d5768ca..f99529d838 100755
--- a/t/t0110-urlmatch-normalization.sh
+++ b/t/t0110-urlmatch-normalization.sh
@@ -9,172 +9,172 @@ tu="$TEST_DIRECTORY/t0110/url"
 # Note that only file: URLs should be allowed without a host
 
 test_expect_success 'url scheme' '
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "_" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme:" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme:/" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "file" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "file:" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "file:/" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "file://" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "://acme.co" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "x_test://acme.co" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "-test://acme.co" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "0test://acme.co" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "+test://acme.co" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization ".test://acme.co" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "schem%6e://" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "x-Test+v1.0://acme.co" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "AbCdeF://x.Y")" = "abcdef://x.y/"
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "_" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme:" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme:/" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "file" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "file:" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "file:/" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "file://" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "://acme.co" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "x_test://acme.co" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "-test://acme.co" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "0test://acme.co" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "+test://acme.co" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization ".test://acme.co" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "schem%6e://" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "x-Test+v1.0://acme.co" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "AbCdeF://x.Y")" = "abcdef://x.y/"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'url authority' '
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://user:pass@" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://?" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://#" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme:///" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://:" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://:555" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "file://user:pass@" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "file://?" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "file://#" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "file:///" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "file://:" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "file://:555" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://user:pass@host" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://@host" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://%00@host" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://%%@host" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://host_" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://user:pass@host/" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://@host/" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://host/" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://host?x" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://host#x" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://host/@" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://host?@x" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://host#@x" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://[::1]" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://[::1]/" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://hos%41/" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://[invalid....:/" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://invalid....:]/" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://invalid....:[/" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "scheme://invalid....:["
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://user:pass@" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://?" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://#" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme:///" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://:" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://:555" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "file://user:pass@" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "file://?" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "file://#" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "file:///" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "file://:" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "file://:555" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://user:pass@host" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://@host" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://%00@host" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://%%@host" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://host_" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://user:pass@host/" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://@host/" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://host/" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://host?x" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://host#x" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://host/@" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://host?@x" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://host#@x" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://[::1]" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://[::1]/" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://hos%41/" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://[invalid....:/" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://invalid....:]/" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://invalid....:[/" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "scheme://invalid....:["
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'url port checks' '
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:456/" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:0" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:0000000" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:0000001?" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:065535#" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:65535" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:65536" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:99999" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:100000" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:100001" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "http://q@some.host:80" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "https://q@some.host:443" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "http://q@some.host:80/" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "https://q@some.host:443?" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "http://q@:8008" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "http://:8080" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "http://:" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:456/" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://[::1]:456/" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://[::1]:/" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://[::1]:000/" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://[::1]:0%300/" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://[::1]:0x80/" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://[::1]:4294967297/" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "xyz://[::1]:030f/"
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:456/" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:0" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:0000000" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:0000001?" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:065535#" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:65535" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:65536" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:99999" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:100000" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:100001" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "http://q@some.host:80" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "https://q@some.host:443" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "http://q@some.host:80/" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "https://q@some.host:443?" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "http://q@:8008" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "http://:8080" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "http://:" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://q@some.host:456/" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://[::1]:456/" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://[::1]:/" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://[::1]:000/" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://[::1]:0%300/" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://[::1]:0x80/" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://[::1]:4294967297/" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "xyz://[::1]:030f/"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'url port normalization' '
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "http://x:800")" = "http://x:800/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "http://x:0800")" = "http://x:800/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "http://x:00000800")" = "http://x:800/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "http://x:065535")" = "http://x:65535/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "http://x:1")" = "http://x:1/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "http://x:80")" = "http://x/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "http://x:080")" = "http://x/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "http://x:000000080")" = "http://x/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "https://x:443")" = "https://x/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "https://x:0443")" = "https://x/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "https://x:000000443")" = "https://x/"
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "http://x:800")" = "http://x:800/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "http://x:0800")" = "http://x:800/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "http://x:00000800")" = "http://x:800/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "http://x:065535")" = "http://x:65535/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "http://x:1")" = "http://x:1/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "http://x:80")" = "http://x/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "http://x:080")" = "http://x/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "http://x:000000080")" = "http://x/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "https://x:443")" = "https://x/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "https://x:0443")" = "https://x/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "https://x:000000443")" = "https://x/"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'url general escapes' '
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "http://x.y?%fg" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "X://W/%7e%41^%3a")" = "x://w/~A%5E%3A" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "X://W/:/?#[]@")" = "x://w/:/?#[]@" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "X://W/$&()*+,;=")" = "x://w/$&()*+,;=" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "X://W/'\''")" = "x://w/'\''" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "X://W?'\!'")" = "x://w/?'\!'"
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "http://x.y?%fg" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "X://W/%7e%41^%3a")" = "x://w/~A%5E%3A" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "X://W/:/?#[]@")" = "x://w/:/?#[]@" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "X://W/$&()*+,;=")" = "x://w/$&()*+,;=" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "X://W/'\''")" = "x://w/'\''" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "X://W?'\!'")" = "x://w/?'\!'"
 '
 
 test_expect_success !MINGW 'url high-bit escapes' '
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-1")")" = "x://q/%01%02%03%04%05%06%07%08%0E%0F%10%11%12" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-2")")" = "x://q/%13%14%15%16%17%18%19%1B%1C%1D%1E%1F%7F" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-3")")" = "x://q/%80%81%82%83%84%85%86%87%88%89%8A%8B%8C%8D%8E%8F" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-4")")" = "x://q/%90%91%92%93%94%95%96%97%98%99%9A%9B%9C%9D%9E%9F" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-5")")" = "x://q/%A0%A1%A2%A3%A4%A5%A6%A7%A8%A9%AA%AB%AC%AD%AE%AF" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-6")")" = "x://q/%B0%B1%B2%B3%B4%B5%B6%B7%B8%B9%BA%BB%BC%BD%BE%BF" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-7")")" = "x://q/%C0%C1%C2%C3%C4%C5%C6%C7%C8%C9%CA%CB%CC%CD%CE%CF" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-8")")" = "x://q/%D0%D1%D2%D3%D4%D5%D6%D7%D8%D9%DA%DB%DC%DD%DE%DF" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-9")")" = "x://q/%E0%E1%E2%E3%E4%E5%E6%E7%E8%E9%EA%EB%EC%ED%EE%EF" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-10")")" = "x://q/%F0%F1%F2%F3%F4%F5%F6%F7%F8%F9%FA%FB%FC%FD%FE%FF"
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-1")")" = "x://q/%01%02%03%04%05%06%07%08%0E%0F%10%11%12" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-2")")" = "x://q/%13%14%15%16%17%18%19%1B%1C%1D%1E%1F%7F" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-3")")" = "x://q/%80%81%82%83%84%85%86%87%88%89%8A%8B%8C%8D%8E%8F" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-4")")" = "x://q/%90%91%92%93%94%95%96%97%98%99%9A%9B%9C%9D%9E%9F" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-5")")" = "x://q/%A0%A1%A2%A3%A4%A5%A6%A7%A8%A9%AA%AB%AC%AD%AE%AF" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-6")")" = "x://q/%B0%B1%B2%B3%B4%B5%B6%B7%B8%B9%BA%BB%BC%BD%BE%BF" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-7")")" = "x://q/%C0%C1%C2%C3%C4%C5%C6%C7%C8%C9%CA%CB%CC%CD%CE%CF" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-8")")" = "x://q/%D0%D1%D2%D3%D4%D5%D6%D7%D8%D9%DA%DB%DC%DD%DE%DF" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-9")")" = "x://q/%E0%E1%E2%E3%E4%E5%E6%E7%E8%E9%EA%EB%EC%ED%EE%EF" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-10")")" = "x://q/%F0%F1%F2%F3%F4%F5%F6%F7%F8%F9%FA%FB%FC%FD%FE%FF"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'url utf-8 escapes' '
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-11")")" = "x://q/%C2%80%DF%BF%E0%A0%80%EF%BF%BD%F0%90%80%80%F0%AF%BF%BD"
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "$(cat "$tu-11")")" = "x://q/%C2%80%DF%BF%E0%A0%80%EF%BF%BD%F0%90%80%80%F0%AF%BF%BD"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'url username/password escapes' '
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://%41%62(^):%70+d@foo")" = "x://Ab(%5E):p+d@foo/"
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://%41%62(^):%70+d@foo")" = "x://Ab(%5E):p+d@foo/"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'url normalized lengths' '
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -l "Http://%4d%65:%4d^%70@The.Host")" = 25 &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -l "http://%41:%42@x.y/%61/")" = 17 &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -l "http://@x.y/^")" = 15
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -l "Http://%4d%65:%4d^%70@The.Host")" = 25 &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -l "http://%41:%42@x.y/%61/")" = 17 &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -l "http://@x.y/^")" = 15
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'url . and .. segments' '
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/.")" = "x://y/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/./")" = "x://y/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/.")" = "x://y/a" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/./")" = "x://y/a/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/.?")" = "x://y/?" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/./?")" = "x://y/?" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/.?")" = "x://y/a?" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/./?")" = "x://y/a/?" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/./b/.././../c")" = "x://y/c" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/./b/../.././c/")" = "x://y/c/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/./b/.././../c/././.././.")" = "x://y/" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "x://y/a/./b/.././../c/././.././.." &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/./?/././..")" = "x://y/a/?/././.." &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/%2e/")" = "x://y/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/%2E/")" = "x://y/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/%2e./")" = "x://y/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/b/.%2E/")" = "x://y/" &&
-	test "$(test-urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/c/%2e%2E/")" = "x://y/"
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/.")" = "x://y/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/./")" = "x://y/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/.")" = "x://y/a" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/./")" = "x://y/a/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/.?")" = "x://y/?" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/./?")" = "x://y/?" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/.?")" = "x://y/a?" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/./?")" = "x://y/a/?" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/./b/.././../c")" = "x://y/c" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/./b/../.././c/")" = "x://y/c/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/./b/.././../c/././.././.")" = "x://y/" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "x://y/a/./b/.././../c/././.././.." &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/./?/././..")" = "x://y/a/?/././.." &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/%2e/")" = "x://y/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/%2E/")" = "x://y/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/a/%2e./")" = "x://y/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/b/.%2E/")" = "x://y/" &&
+	test "$(test-tool urlmatch-normalization -p "x://y/c/%2e%2E/")" = "x://y/"
 '
 
 # http://@foo specifies an empty user name but does not specify a password
 # http://foo  specifies neither a user name nor a password
 # So they should not be equivalent
 test_expect_success 'url equivalents' '
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "httP://x" "Http://X/" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "Http://%4d%65:%4d^%70@The.Host" "hTTP://Me:%4D^p@the.HOST:80/" &&
-	! test-urlmatch-normalization "https://@x.y/^" "httpS://x.y:443/^" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "https://@x.y/^" "httpS://@x.y:0443/^" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "https://@x.y/^/../abc" "httpS://@x.y:0443/abc" &&
-	test-urlmatch-normalization "https://@x.y/^/.." "httpS://@x.y:0443/"
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "httP://x" "Http://X/" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "Http://%4d%65:%4d^%70@The.Host" "hTTP://Me:%4D^p@the.HOST:80/" &&
+	! test-tool urlmatch-normalization "https://@x.y/^" "httpS://x.y:443/^" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "https://@x.y/^" "httpS://@x.y:0443/^" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "https://@x.y/^/../abc" "httpS://@x.y:0443/abc" &&
+	test-tool urlmatch-normalization "https://@x.y/^/.." "httpS://@x.y:0443/"
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0202/test.pl b/t/t0202/test.pl
index 2c10cb4693..2cbf7b9590 100755
--- a/t/t0202/test.pl
+++ b/t/t0202/test.pl
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use lib (split(/:/, $ENV{GITPERLLIB}));
 use strict;
 use warnings;
 use POSIX qw(:locale_h);
-use Test::More tests => 8;
+use Test::More tests => 13;
 use Git::I18N;
 
 my $has_gettext_library = $Git::I18N::__HAS_LIBRARY;
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ is_deeply(\@Git::I18N::EXPORT, \@Git::I18N::EXPORT_OK, "sanity: Git::I18N export
 	# more gettext wrapper functions.
 	my %prototypes = (qw(
 		__	$
+		__n	$$$
+		N__	$
 	));
 	while (my ($sub, $proto) = each %prototypes) {
 		is(prototype(\&{"Git::I18N::$sub"}), $proto, "sanity: $sub has a $proto prototype");
@@ -46,6 +48,16 @@ is_deeply(\@Git::I18N::EXPORT, \@Git::I18N::EXPORT_OK, "sanity: Git::I18N export
 	my ($got, $expect) = (('TEST: A Perl test string') x 2);
 
 	is(__($got), $expect, "Passing a string through __() in the C locale works");
+
+	my ($got_singular, $got_plural, $expect_singular, $expect_plural) =
+		(('TEST: 1 file', 'TEST: n files') x 2);
+
+	is(__n($got_singular, $got_plural, 1), $expect_singular,
+		"Get singular string through __n() in C locale");
+	is(__n($got_singular, $got_plural, 2), $expect_plural,
+		"Get plural string through __n() in C locale");
+
+	is(N__($got), $expect, "Passing a string through N__() in the C locale works");
 }
 
 # Test a basic message on different locales
diff --git a/t/t0203-gettext-setlocale-sanity.sh b/t/t0203-gettext-setlocale-sanity.sh
index a212460081..0ce1f22eff 100755
--- a/t/t0203-gettext-setlocale-sanity.sh
+++ b/t/t0203-gettext-setlocale-sanity.sh
@@ -8,18 +8,18 @@ test_description="The Git C functions aren't broken by setlocale(3)"
 . ./lib-gettext.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'git show a ISO-8859-1 commit under C locale' '
-	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/8859-1.txt &&
 	test_commit "iso-c-commit" iso-under-c &&
 	git show >out 2>err &&
-	! test -s err &&
+	test_must_be_empty err &&
 	grep -q "iso-c-commit" out
 '
 
 test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE 'git show a ISO-8859-1 commit under a UTF-8 locale' '
-	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/8859-1.txt &&
 	test_commit "iso-utf8-commit" iso-under-utf8 &&
 	LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_locale" git show >out 2>err &&
-	! test -s err &&
+	test_must_be_empty err &&
 	grep -q "iso-utf8-commit" out
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t0205-gettext-poison.sh b/t/t0205-gettext-poison.sh
index 2361590d54..438e778d6a 100755
--- a/t/t0205-gettext-poison.sh
+++ b/t/t0205-gettext-poison.sh
@@ -7,10 +7,6 @@ test_description='Gettext Shell poison'
 
 . ./lib-gettext.sh
 
-test_expect_success GETTEXT_POISON "sanity: \$GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME is set (to $GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME)" '
-    test -n "$GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME"
-'
-
 test_expect_success GETTEXT_POISON 'sanity: $GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME" is poison' '
     test "$GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME" = "poison"
 '
diff --git a/t/t0300-credentials.sh b/t/t0300-credentials.sh
index d7ef44b4a2..82eaaea0f4 100755
--- a/t/t0300-credentials.sh
+++ b/t/t0300-credentials.sh
@@ -294,8 +294,18 @@ test_expect_success 'helpers can abort the process' '
 		-c credential.helper="!f() { echo quit=1; }; f" \
 		-c credential.helper="verbatim foo bar" \
 		credential fill >stdout &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect stdout
+	test_must_be_empty stdout
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty helper spec resets helper list' '
+	test_config credential.helper "verbatim file file" &&
+	check fill "" "verbatim cmdline cmdline" <<-\EOF
+	--
+	username=cmdline
+	password=cmdline
+	--
+	verbatim: get
+	EOF
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0301-credential-cache.sh b/t/t0301-credential-cache.sh
index 82c8411210..fd92533acf 100755
--- a/t/t0301-credential-cache.sh
+++ b/t/t0301-credential-cache.sh
@@ -12,7 +12,100 @@ test -z "$NO_UNIX_SOCKETS" || {
 # don't leave a stale daemon running
 trap 'code=$?; git credential-cache exit; (exit $code); die' EXIT
 
+# test that the daemon works with no special setup
 helper_test cache
+
+test_expect_success 'socket defaults to ~/.cache/git/credential/socket' '
+	test_when_finished "
+		git credential-cache exit &&
+		rmdir -p .cache/git/credential/
+	" &&
+	test_path_is_missing "$HOME/.git-credential-cache" &&
+	test -S "$HOME/.cache/git/credential/socket"
+'
+
+XDG_CACHE_HOME="$HOME/xdg"
+export XDG_CACHE_HOME
+# test behavior when XDG_CACHE_HOME is set
+helper_test cache
+
+test_expect_success "use custom XDG_CACHE_HOME if set and default sockets are not created" '
+	test_when_finished "git credential-cache exit" &&
+	test -S "$XDG_CACHE_HOME/git/credential/socket" &&
+	test_path_is_missing "$HOME/.git-credential-cache/socket" &&
+	test_path_is_missing "$HOME/.cache/git/credential/socket"
+'
+unset XDG_CACHE_HOME
+
+test_expect_success 'credential-cache --socket option overrides default location' '
+	test_when_finished "
+		git credential-cache exit --socket \"\$HOME/dir/socket\" &&
+		rmdir \"\$HOME/dir\"
+	" &&
+	check approve "cache --socket \"\$HOME/dir/socket\"" <<-\EOF &&
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	username=store-user
+	password=store-pass
+	EOF
+	test -S "$HOME/dir/socket"
+'
+
+test_expect_success "use custom XDG_CACHE_HOME even if xdg socket exists" '
+	test_when_finished "
+		git credential-cache exit &&
+		sane_unset XDG_CACHE_HOME
+	" &&
+	check approve cache <<-\EOF &&
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	username=store-user
+	password=store-pass
+	EOF
+	test -S "$HOME/.cache/git/credential/socket" &&
+	XDG_CACHE_HOME="$HOME/xdg" &&
+	export XDG_CACHE_HOME &&
+	check approve cache <<-\EOF &&
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	username=store-user
+	password=store-pass
+	EOF
+	test -S "$XDG_CACHE_HOME/git/credential/socket"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use user socket if user directory exists' '
+	test_when_finished "
+		git credential-cache exit &&
+		rmdir \"\$HOME/.git-credential-cache/\"
+	" &&
+	mkdir -p -m 700 "$HOME/.git-credential-cache/" &&
+	check approve cache <<-\EOF &&
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	username=store-user
+	password=store-pass
+	EOF
+	test -S "$HOME/.git-credential-cache/socket"
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'use user socket if user directory is a symlink to a directory' '
+	test_when_finished "
+		git credential-cache exit &&
+		rmdir \"\$HOME/dir/\" &&
+		rm \"\$HOME/.git-credential-cache\"
+	" &&
+	mkdir -p -m 700 "$HOME/dir/" &&
+	ln -s "$HOME/dir" "$HOME/.git-credential-cache" &&
+	check approve cache <<-\EOF &&
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	username=store-user
+	password=store-pass
+	EOF
+	test -S "$HOME/.git-credential-cache/socket"
+'
+
 helper_test_timeout cache --timeout=1
 
 # we can't rely on our "trap" above working after test_done,
diff --git a/t/t0302-credential-store.sh b/t/t0302-credential-store.sh
index f61b40c69b..d6b54e8c65 100755
--- a/t/t0302-credential-store.sh
+++ b/t/t0302-credential-store.sh
@@ -6,4 +6,118 @@ test_description='credential-store tests'
 
 helper_test store
 
+test_expect_success 'when xdg file does not exist, xdg file not created' '
+	test_path_is_missing "$HOME/.config/git/credentials" &&
+	test -s "$HOME/.git-credentials"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup xdg file' '
+	rm -f "$HOME/.git-credentials" &&
+	mkdir -p "$HOME/.config/git" &&
+	>"$HOME/.config/git/credentials"
+'
+
+helper_test store
+
+test_expect_success 'when xdg file exists, home file not created' '
+	test -s "$HOME/.config/git/credentials" &&
+	test_path_is_missing "$HOME/.git-credentials"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup custom xdg file' '
+	rm -f "$HOME/.git-credentials" &&
+	rm -f "$HOME/.config/git/credentials" &&
+	mkdir -p "$HOME/xdg/git" &&
+	>"$HOME/xdg/git/credentials"
+'
+
+XDG_CONFIG_HOME="$HOME/xdg"
+export XDG_CONFIG_HOME
+helper_test store
+unset XDG_CONFIG_HOME
+
+test_expect_success 'if custom xdg file exists, home and xdg files not created' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f \"$HOME/xdg/git/credentials\"" &&
+	test -s "$HOME/xdg/git/credentials" &&
+	test_path_is_missing "$HOME/.git-credentials" &&
+	test_path_is_missing "$HOME/.config/git/credentials"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'get: use home file if both home and xdg files have matches' '
+	echo "https://home-user:home-pass@example.com" >"$HOME/.git-credentials" &&
+	mkdir -p "$HOME/.config/git" &&
+	echo "https://xdg-user:xdg-pass@example.com" >"$HOME/.config/git/credentials" &&
+	check fill store <<-\EOF
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	--
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	username=home-user
+	password=home-pass
+	--
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'get: use xdg file if home file has no matches' '
+	>"$HOME/.git-credentials" &&
+	mkdir -p "$HOME/.config/git" &&
+	echo "https://xdg-user:xdg-pass@example.com" >"$HOME/.config/git/credentials" &&
+	check fill store <<-\EOF
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	--
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	username=xdg-user
+	password=xdg-pass
+	--
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SANITY 'get: use xdg file if home file is unreadable' '
+	echo "https://home-user:home-pass@example.com" >"$HOME/.git-credentials" &&
+	chmod -r "$HOME/.git-credentials" &&
+	mkdir -p "$HOME/.config/git" &&
+	echo "https://xdg-user:xdg-pass@example.com" >"$HOME/.config/git/credentials" &&
+	check fill store <<-\EOF
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	--
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	username=xdg-user
+	password=xdg-pass
+	--
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'store: if both xdg and home files exist, only store in home file' '
+	>"$HOME/.git-credentials" &&
+	mkdir -p "$HOME/.config/git" &&
+	>"$HOME/.config/git/credentials" &&
+	check approve store <<-\EOF &&
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	username=store-user
+	password=store-pass
+	EOF
+	echo "https://store-user:store-pass@example.com" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected "$HOME/.git-credentials" &&
+	test_must_be_empty "$HOME/.config/git/credentials"
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'erase: erase matching credentials from both xdg and home files' '
+	echo "https://home-user:home-pass@example.com" >"$HOME/.git-credentials" &&
+	mkdir -p "$HOME/.config/git" &&
+	echo "https://xdg-user:xdg-pass@example.com" >"$HOME/.config/git/credentials" &&
+	check reject store <<-\EOF &&
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	EOF
+	test_must_be_empty "$HOME/.git-credentials" &&
+	test_must_be_empty "$HOME/.config/git/credentials"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0410-partial-clone.sh b/t/t0410-partial-clone.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1281300664
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0410-partial-clone.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,414 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='partial clone'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+delete_object () {
+	rm $1/.git/objects/$(echo $2 | sed -e 's|^..|&/|')
+}
+
+pack_as_from_promisor () {
+	HASH=$(git -C repo pack-objects .git/objects/pack/pack) &&
+	>repo/.git/objects/pack/pack-$HASH.promisor &&
+	echo $HASH
+}
+
+promise_and_delete () {
+	HASH=$(git -C repo rev-parse "$1") &&
+	git -C repo tag -a -m message my_annotated_tag "$HASH" &&
+	git -C repo rev-parse my_annotated_tag | pack_as_from_promisor &&
+	# tag -d prints a message to stdout, so redirect it
+	git -C repo tag -d my_annotated_tag >/dev/null &&
+	delete_object repo "$HASH"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'extensions.partialclone without filter' '
+	test_create_repo server &&
+	git clone --filter="blob:none" "file://$(pwd)/server" client &&
+	git -C client config --unset core.partialclonefilter &&
+	git -C client fetch origin
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'missing reflog object, but promised by a commit, passes fsck' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	test_create_repo repo &&
+	test_commit -C repo my_commit &&
+
+	A=$(git -C repo commit-tree -m a HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	C=$(git -C repo commit-tree -m c -p $A HEAD^{tree}) &&
+
+	# Reference $A only from reflog, and delete it
+	git -C repo branch my_branch "$A" &&
+	git -C repo branch -f my_branch my_commit &&
+	delete_object repo "$A" &&
+
+	# State that we got $C, which refers to $A, from promisor
+	printf "$C\n" | pack_as_from_promisor &&
+
+	# Normally, it fails
+	test_must_fail git -C repo fsck &&
+
+	# But with the extension, it succeeds
+	git -C repo config core.repositoryformatversion 1 &&
+	git -C repo config extensions.partialclone "arbitrary string" &&
+	git -C repo fsck
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'missing reflog object, but promised by a tag, passes fsck' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	test_create_repo repo &&
+	test_commit -C repo my_commit &&
+
+	A=$(git -C repo commit-tree -m a HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	git -C repo tag -a -m d my_tag_name $A &&
+	T=$(git -C repo rev-parse my_tag_name) &&
+	git -C repo tag -d my_tag_name &&
+
+	# Reference $A only from reflog, and delete it
+	git -C repo branch my_branch "$A" &&
+	git -C repo branch -f my_branch my_commit &&
+	delete_object repo "$A" &&
+
+	# State that we got $T, which refers to $A, from promisor
+	printf "$T\n" | pack_as_from_promisor &&
+
+	git -C repo config core.repositoryformatversion 1 &&
+	git -C repo config extensions.partialclone "arbitrary string" &&
+	git -C repo fsck
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'missing reflog object alone fails fsck, even with extension set' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	test_create_repo repo &&
+	test_commit -C repo my_commit &&
+
+	A=$(git -C repo commit-tree -m a HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	B=$(git -C repo commit-tree -m b HEAD^{tree}) &&
+
+	# Reference $A only from reflog, and delete it
+	git -C repo branch my_branch "$A" &&
+	git -C repo branch -f my_branch my_commit &&
+	delete_object repo "$A" &&
+
+	git -C repo config core.repositoryformatversion 1 &&
+	git -C repo config extensions.partialclone "arbitrary string" &&
+	test_must_fail git -C repo fsck
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'missing ref object, but promised, passes fsck' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	test_create_repo repo &&
+	test_commit -C repo my_commit &&
+
+	A=$(git -C repo commit-tree -m a HEAD^{tree}) &&
+
+	# Reference $A only from ref
+	git -C repo branch my_branch "$A" &&
+	promise_and_delete "$A" &&
+
+	git -C repo config core.repositoryformatversion 1 &&
+	git -C repo config extensions.partialclone "arbitrary string" &&
+	git -C repo fsck
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'missing object, but promised, passes fsck' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	test_create_repo repo &&
+	test_commit -C repo 1 &&
+	test_commit -C repo 2 &&
+	test_commit -C repo 3 &&
+	git -C repo tag -a annotated_tag -m "annotated tag" &&
+
+	C=$(git -C repo rev-parse 1) &&
+	T=$(git -C repo rev-parse 2^{tree}) &&
+	B=$(git hash-object repo/3.t) &&
+	AT=$(git -C repo rev-parse annotated_tag) &&
+
+	promise_and_delete "$C" &&
+	promise_and_delete "$T" &&
+	promise_and_delete "$B" &&
+	promise_and_delete "$AT" &&
+
+	git -C repo config core.repositoryformatversion 1 &&
+	git -C repo config extensions.partialclone "arbitrary string" &&
+	git -C repo fsck
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'missing CLI object, but promised, passes fsck' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	test_create_repo repo &&
+	test_commit -C repo my_commit &&
+
+	A=$(git -C repo commit-tree -m a HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	promise_and_delete "$A" &&
+
+	git -C repo config core.repositoryformatversion 1 &&
+	git -C repo config extensions.partialclone "arbitrary string" &&
+	git -C repo fsck "$A"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetching of missing objects' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	test_create_repo server &&
+	test_commit -C server foo &&
+	git -C server repack -a -d --write-bitmap-index &&
+
+	git clone "file://$(pwd)/server" repo &&
+	HASH=$(git -C repo rev-parse foo) &&
+	rm -rf repo/.git/objects/* &&
+
+	git -C repo config core.repositoryformatversion 1 &&
+	git -C repo config extensions.partialclone "origin" &&
+	git -C repo cat-file -p "$HASH" &&
+
+	# Ensure that the .promisor file is written, and check that its
+	# associated packfile contains the object
+	ls repo/.git/objects/pack/pack-*.promisor >promisorlist &&
+	test_line_count = 1 promisorlist &&
+	IDX=$(cat promisorlist | sed "s/promisor$/idx/") &&
+	git verify-pack --verbose "$IDX" | grep "$HASH"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list stops traversal at missing and promised commit' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	test_create_repo repo &&
+	test_commit -C repo foo &&
+	test_commit -C repo bar &&
+
+	FOO=$(git -C repo rev-parse foo) &&
+	promise_and_delete "$FOO" &&
+
+	git -C repo config core.repositoryformatversion 1 &&
+	git -C repo config extensions.partialclone "arbitrary string" &&
+	git -C repo rev-list --exclude-promisor-objects --objects bar >out &&
+	grep $(git -C repo rev-parse bar) out &&
+	! grep $FOO out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list stops traversal at missing and promised tree' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	test_create_repo repo &&
+	test_commit -C repo foo &&
+	mkdir repo/a_dir &&
+	echo something >repo/a_dir/something &&
+	git -C repo add a_dir/something &&
+	git -C repo commit -m bar &&
+
+	# foo^{tree} (tree referenced from commit)
+	TREE=$(git -C repo rev-parse foo^{tree}) &&
+
+	# a tree referenced by HEAD^{tree} (tree referenced from tree)
+	TREE2=$(git -C repo ls-tree HEAD^{tree} | grep " tree " | head -1 | cut -b13-52) &&
+
+	promise_and_delete "$TREE" &&
+	promise_and_delete "$TREE2" &&
+
+	git -C repo config core.repositoryformatversion 1 &&
+	git -C repo config extensions.partialclone "arbitrary string" &&
+	git -C repo rev-list --exclude-promisor-objects --objects HEAD >out &&
+	grep $(git -C repo rev-parse foo) out &&
+	! grep $TREE out &&
+	grep $(git -C repo rev-parse HEAD) out &&
+	! grep $TREE2 out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list stops traversal at missing and promised blob' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	test_create_repo repo &&
+	echo something >repo/something &&
+	git -C repo add something &&
+	git -C repo commit -m foo &&
+
+	BLOB=$(git -C repo hash-object -w something) &&
+	promise_and_delete "$BLOB" &&
+
+	git -C repo config core.repositoryformatversion 1 &&
+	git -C repo config extensions.partialclone "arbitrary string" &&
+	git -C repo rev-list --exclude-promisor-objects --objects HEAD >out &&
+	grep $(git -C repo rev-parse HEAD) out &&
+	! grep $BLOB out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list stops traversal at promisor commit, tree, and blob' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	test_create_repo repo &&
+	test_commit -C repo foo &&
+	test_commit -C repo bar &&
+	test_commit -C repo baz &&
+
+	COMMIT=$(git -C repo rev-parse foo) &&
+	TREE=$(git -C repo rev-parse bar^{tree}) &&
+	BLOB=$(git hash-object repo/baz.t) &&
+	printf "%s\n%s\n%s\n" $COMMIT $TREE $BLOB | pack_as_from_promisor &&
+
+	git -C repo config core.repositoryformatversion 1 &&
+	git -C repo config extensions.partialclone "arbitrary string" &&
+	git -C repo rev-list --exclude-promisor-objects --objects HEAD >out &&
+	! grep $COMMIT out &&
+	! grep $TREE out &&
+	! grep $BLOB out &&
+	grep $(git -C repo rev-parse bar) out  # sanity check that some walking was done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list accepts missing and promised objects on command line' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	test_create_repo repo &&
+	test_commit -C repo foo &&
+	test_commit -C repo bar &&
+	test_commit -C repo baz &&
+
+	COMMIT=$(git -C repo rev-parse foo) &&
+	TREE=$(git -C repo rev-parse bar^{tree}) &&
+	BLOB=$(git hash-object repo/baz.t) &&
+
+	promise_and_delete $COMMIT &&
+	promise_and_delete $TREE &&
+	promise_and_delete $BLOB &&
+
+	git -C repo config core.repositoryformatversion 1 &&
+	git -C repo config extensions.partialclone "arbitrary string" &&
+	git -C repo rev-list --exclude-promisor-objects --objects "$COMMIT" "$TREE" "$BLOB"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gc repacks promisor objects separately from non-promisor objects' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	test_create_repo repo &&
+	test_commit -C repo one &&
+	test_commit -C repo two &&
+
+	TREE_ONE=$(git -C repo rev-parse one^{tree}) &&
+	printf "$TREE_ONE\n" | pack_as_from_promisor &&
+	TREE_TWO=$(git -C repo rev-parse two^{tree}) &&
+	printf "$TREE_TWO\n" | pack_as_from_promisor &&
+
+	git -C repo config core.repositoryformatversion 1 &&
+	git -C repo config extensions.partialclone "arbitrary string" &&
+	git -C repo gc &&
+
+	# Ensure that exactly one promisor packfile exists, and that it
+	# contains the trees but not the commits
+	ls repo/.git/objects/pack/pack-*.promisor >promisorlist &&
+	test_line_count = 1 promisorlist &&
+	PROMISOR_PACKFILE=$(sed "s/.promisor/.pack/" <promisorlist) &&
+	git verify-pack $PROMISOR_PACKFILE -v >out &&
+	grep "$TREE_ONE" out &&
+	grep "$TREE_TWO" out &&
+	! grep "$(git -C repo rev-parse one)" out &&
+	! grep "$(git -C repo rev-parse two)" out &&
+
+	# Remove the promisor packfile and associated files
+	rm $(sed "s/.promisor//" <promisorlist).* &&
+
+	# Ensure that the single other pack contains the commits, but not the
+	# trees
+	ls repo/.git/objects/pack/pack-*.pack >packlist &&
+	test_line_count = 1 packlist &&
+	git verify-pack repo/.git/objects/pack/pack-*.pack -v >out &&
+	grep "$(git -C repo rev-parse one)" out &&
+	grep "$(git -C repo rev-parse two)" out &&
+	! grep "$TREE_ONE" out &&
+	! grep "$TREE_TWO" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gc does not repack promisor objects if there are none' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	test_create_repo repo &&
+	test_commit -C repo one &&
+
+	git -C repo config core.repositoryformatversion 1 &&
+	git -C repo config extensions.partialclone "arbitrary string" &&
+	git -C repo gc &&
+
+	# Ensure that only one pack exists
+	ls repo/.git/objects/pack/pack-*.pack >packlist &&
+	test_line_count = 1 packlist
+'
+
+repack_and_check () {
+	rm -rf repo2 &&
+	cp -r repo repo2 &&
+	git -C repo2 repack $1 -d &&
+	git -C repo2 fsck &&
+
+	git -C repo2 cat-file -e $2 &&
+	git -C repo2 cat-file -e $3
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'repack -d does not irreversibly delete promisor objects' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	test_create_repo repo &&
+	git -C repo config core.repositoryformatversion 1 &&
+	git -C repo config extensions.partialclone "arbitrary string" &&
+
+	git -C repo commit --allow-empty -m one &&
+	git -C repo commit --allow-empty -m two &&
+	git -C repo commit --allow-empty -m three &&
+	git -C repo commit --allow-empty -m four &&
+	ONE=$(git -C repo rev-parse HEAD^^^) &&
+	TWO=$(git -C repo rev-parse HEAD^^) &&
+	THREE=$(git -C repo rev-parse HEAD^) &&
+
+	printf "$TWO\n" | pack_as_from_promisor &&
+	printf "$THREE\n" | pack_as_from_promisor &&
+	delete_object repo "$ONE" &&
+
+	repack_and_check -a "$TWO" "$THREE" &&
+	repack_and_check -A "$TWO" "$THREE" &&
+	repack_and_check -l "$TWO" "$THREE"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gc stops traversal when a missing but promised object is reached' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	test_create_repo repo &&
+	test_commit -C repo my_commit &&
+
+	TREE_HASH=$(git -C repo rev-parse HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	HASH=$(promise_and_delete $TREE_HASH) &&
+
+	git -C repo config core.repositoryformatversion 1 &&
+	git -C repo config extensions.partialclone "arbitrary string" &&
+	git -C repo gc &&
+
+	# Ensure that the promisor packfile still exists, and remove it
+	test -e repo/.git/objects/pack/pack-$HASH.pack &&
+	rm repo/.git/objects/pack/pack-$HASH.* &&
+
+	# Ensure that the single other pack contains the commit, but not the tree
+	ls repo/.git/objects/pack/pack-*.pack >packlist &&
+	test_line_count = 1 packlist &&
+	git verify-pack repo/.git/objects/pack/pack-*.pack -v >out &&
+	grep "$(git -C repo rev-parse HEAD)" out &&
+	! grep "$TREE_HASH" out
+'
+
+LIB_HTTPD_PORT=12345  # default port, 410, cannot be used as non-root
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+start_httpd
+
+test_expect_success 'fetching of missing objects from an HTTP server' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	SERVER="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/server" &&
+	test_create_repo "$SERVER" &&
+	test_commit -C "$SERVER" foo &&
+	git -C "$SERVER" repack -a -d --write-bitmap-index &&
+
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/smart/server repo &&
+	HASH=$(git -C repo rev-parse foo) &&
+	rm -rf repo/.git/objects/* &&
+
+	git -C repo config core.repositoryformatversion 1 &&
+	git -C repo config extensions.partialclone "origin" &&
+	git -C repo cat-file -p "$HASH" &&
+
+	# Ensure that the .promisor file is written, and check that its
+	# associated packfile contains the object
+	ls repo/.git/objects/pack/pack-*.promisor >promisorlist &&
+	test_line_count = 1 promisorlist &&
+	IDX=$(cat promisorlist | sed "s/promisor$/idx/") &&
+	git verify-pack --verbose "$IDX" | grep "$HASH"
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1000-read-tree-m-3way.sh b/t/t1000-read-tree-m-3way.sh
index a0b79b4839..013c5a7bc3 100755
--- a/t/t1000-read-tree-m-3way.sh
+++ b/t/t1000-read-tree-m-3way.sh
@@ -128,29 +128,29 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 EOF
 
 check_result () {
-    git ls-files --stage | sed -e 's/ '"$_x40"' / X /' >current &&
-    test_cmp expected current
+	git ls-files --stage | sed -e 's/ '"$OID_REGEX"' / X /' >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
 }
 
 # This is done on an empty work directory, which is the normal
 # merge person behaviour.
-test_expect_success \
-    '3-way merge with git read-tree -m, empty cache' \
-    "rm -fr [NDMALTS][NDMALTSF] Z &&
-     rm .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
-     check_result"
+test_expect_success '3-way merge with git read-tree -m, empty cache' '
+	rm -fr [NDMALTS][NDMALTSF] Z &&
+	rm .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+	check_result
+'
 
 # This starts out with the first head, which is the normal
 # patch submitter behaviour.
-test_expect_success \
-    '3-way merge with git read-tree -m, match H' \
-    "rm -fr [NDMALTS][NDMALTSF] Z &&
-     rm .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $tree_A &&
-     git checkout-index -f -u -a &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
-     check_result"
+test_expect_success '3-way merge with git read-tree -m, match H' '
+	rm -fr [NDMALTS][NDMALTSF] Z &&
+	rm .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $tree_A &&
+	git checkout-index -f -u -a &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+	check_result
+'
 
 : <<\END_OF_CASE_TABLE
 
@@ -208,322 +208,304 @@ DF (file) when tree B require DF to be a directory by having DF/DF
 
 END_OF_CASE_TABLE
 
-test_expect_success '1 - must not have an entry not in A.' "
-     rm -f .git/index XX &&
-     echo XX >XX &&
-     git update-index --add XX &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '2 - must match B in !O && !A && B case.' \
-    "rm -f .git/index NA &&
-     cp .orig-B/NA NA &&
-     git update-index --add NA &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '2 - matching B alone is OK in !O && !A && B case.' \
-    "rm -f .git/index NA &&
-     cp .orig-B/NA NA &&
-     git update-index --add NA &&
-     echo extra >>NA &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '3 - must match A in !O && A && !B case.' \
-    "rm -f .git/index AN &&
-     cp .orig-A/AN AN &&
-     git update-index --add AN &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
-     check_result"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '3 - matching A alone is OK in !O && A && !B case.' \
-    "rm -f .git/index AN &&
-     cp .orig-A/AN AN &&
-     git update-index --add AN &&
-     echo extra >>AN &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '3 (fail) - must match A in !O && A && !B case.' "
-     rm -f .git/index AN &&
-     cp .orig-A/AN AN &&
-     echo extra >>AN &&
-     git update-index --add AN &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '4 - must match and be up-to-date in !O && A && B && A!=B case.' \
-    "rm -f .git/index AA &&
-     cp .orig-A/AA AA &&
-     git update-index --add AA &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
-     check_result"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '4 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in !O && A && B && A!=B case.' "
-     rm -f .git/index AA &&
-     cp .orig-A/AA AA &&
-     git update-index --add AA &&
-     echo extra >>AA &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '4 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in !O && A && B && A!=B case.' "
-     rm -f .git/index AA &&
-     cp .orig-A/AA AA &&
-     echo extra >>AA &&
-     git update-index --add AA &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '5 - must match in !O && A && B && A==B case.' \
-    "rm -f .git/index LL &&
-     cp .orig-A/LL LL &&
-     git update-index --add LL &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
-     check_result"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '5 - must match in !O && A && B && A==B case.' \
-    "rm -f .git/index LL &&
-     cp .orig-A/LL LL &&
-     git update-index --add LL &&
-     echo extra >>LL &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
-     check_result"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '5 (fail) - must match A in !O && A && B && A==B case.' "
-     rm -f .git/index LL &&
-     cp .orig-A/LL LL &&
-     echo extra >>LL &&
-     git update-index --add LL &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '6 - must not exist in O && !A && !B case' "
-     rm -f .git/index DD &&
-     echo DD >DD &&
-     git update-index --add DD &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '7 - must not exist in O && !A && B && O!=B case' "
-     rm -f .git/index DM &&
-     cp .orig-B/DM DM &&
-     git update-index --add DM &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '8 - must not exist in O && !A && B && O==B case' "
-     rm -f .git/index DN &&
-     cp .orig-B/DN DN &&
-     git update-index --add DN &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '9 - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O!=A case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index MD &&
-     cp .orig-A/MD MD &&
-     git update-index --add MD &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
-     check_result"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '9 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O!=A case' "
-     rm -f .git/index MD &&
-     cp .orig-A/MD MD &&
-     git update-index --add MD &&
-     echo extra >>MD &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '9 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O!=A case' "
-     rm -f .git/index MD &&
-     cp .orig-A/MD MD &&
-     echo extra >>MD &&
-     git update-index --add MD &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '10 - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O==A case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index ND &&
-     cp .orig-A/ND ND &&
-     git update-index --add ND &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
-     check_result"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '10 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O==A case' "
-     rm -f .git/index ND &&
-     cp .orig-A/ND ND &&
-     git update-index --add ND &&
-     echo extra >>ND &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '10 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O==A case' "
-     rm -f .git/index ND &&
-     cp .orig-A/ND ND &&
-     echo extra >>ND &&
-     git update-index --add ND &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '11 - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O!=A && O!=B && A!=B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index MM &&
-     cp .orig-A/MM MM &&
-     git update-index --add MM &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
-     check_result"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '11 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O!=A && O!=B && A!=B case' "
-     rm -f .git/index MM &&
-     cp .orig-A/MM MM &&
-     git update-index --add MM &&
-     echo extra >>MM &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '11 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O!=A && O!=B && A!=B case' "
-     rm -f .git/index MM &&
-     cp .orig-A/MM MM &&
-     echo extra >>MM &&
-     git update-index --add MM &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '12 - must match A in O && A && B && O!=A && A==B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index SS &&
-     cp .orig-A/SS SS &&
-     git update-index --add SS &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
-     check_result"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '12 - must match A in O && A && B && O!=A && A==B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index SS &&
-     cp .orig-A/SS SS &&
-     git update-index --add SS &&
-     echo extra >>SS &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
-     check_result"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '12 (fail) - must match A in O && A && B && O!=A && A==B case' "
-     rm -f .git/index SS &&
-     cp .orig-A/SS SS &&
-     echo extra >>SS &&
-     git update-index --add SS &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '13 - must match A in O && A && B && O!=A && O==B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index MN &&
-     cp .orig-A/MN MN &&
-     git update-index --add MN &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
-     check_result"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '13 - must match A in O && A && B && O!=A && O==B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index MN &&
-     cp .orig-A/MN MN &&
-     git update-index --add MN &&
-     echo extra >>MN &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
-     check_result"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '14 - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O==A && O!=B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index NM &&
-     cp .orig-A/NM NM &&
-     git update-index --add NM &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
-     check_result"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '14 - may match B in O && A && B && O==A && O!=B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index NM &&
-     cp .orig-B/NM NM &&
-     git update-index --add NM &&
-     echo extra >>NM &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
-     check_result"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '14 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O==A && O!=B case' "
-     rm -f .git/index NM &&
-     cp .orig-A/NM NM &&
-     git update-index --add NM &&
-     echo extra >>NM &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '14 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O==A && O!=B case' "
-     rm -f .git/index NM &&
-     cp .orig-A/NM NM &&
-     echo extra >>NM &&
-     git update-index --add NM &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '15 - must match A in O && A && B && O==A && O==B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index NN &&
-     cp .orig-A/NN NN &&
-     git update-index --add NN &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
-     check_result"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '15 - must match A in O && A && B && O==A && O==B case' \
-    "rm -f .git/index NN &&
-     cp .orig-A/NN NN &&
-     git update-index --add NN &&
-     echo extra >>NN &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
-     check_result"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '15 (fail) - must match A in O && A && B && O==A && O==B case' "
-     rm -f .git/index NN &&
-     cp .orig-A/NN NN &&
-     echo extra >>NN &&
-     git update-index --add NN &&
-     read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
-"
-
-# #16
-test_expect_success \
-    '16 - A matches in one and B matches in another.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index F16 &&
-    echo F16 >F16 &&
-    git update-index --add F16 &&
-    tree0=$(git write-tree) &&
-    echo E16 >F16 &&
-    git update-index F16 &&
-    tree1=$(git write-tree) &&
-    read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree0 $tree1 $tree1 $tree0 &&
-    git ls-files --stage'
+test_expect_success '1 - must not have an entry not in A.' '
+	rm -f .git/index XX &&
+	echo XX >XX &&
+	git update-index --add XX &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '2 - must match B in !O && !A && B case.' '
+	rm -f .git/index NA &&
+	cp .orig-B/NA NA &&
+	git update-index --add NA &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '2 - matching B alone is OK in !O && !A && B case.' '
+	rm -f .git/index NA &&
+	cp .orig-B/NA NA &&
+	git update-index --add NA &&
+	echo extra >>NA &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '3 - must match A in !O && A && !B case.' '
+	rm -f .git/index AN &&
+	cp .orig-A/AN AN &&
+	git update-index --add AN &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+	check_result
+'
+
+test_expect_success '3 - matching A alone is OK in !O && A && !B case.' '
+	rm -f .git/index AN &&
+	cp .orig-A/AN AN &&
+	git update-index --add AN &&
+	echo extra >>AN &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '3 (fail) - must match A in !O && A && !B case.' '
+	rm -f .git/index AN &&
+	cp .orig-A/AN AN &&
+	echo extra >>AN &&
+	git update-index --add AN &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '4 - must match and be up-to-date in !O && A && B && A!=B case.' '
+	rm -f .git/index AA &&
+	cp .orig-A/AA AA &&
+	git update-index --add AA &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+	check_result
+'
+
+test_expect_success '4 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in !O && A && B && A!=B case.' '
+	rm -f .git/index AA &&
+	cp .orig-A/AA AA &&
+	git update-index --add AA &&
+	echo extra >>AA &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '4 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in !O && A && B && A!=B case.' '
+	rm -f .git/index AA &&
+	cp .orig-A/AA AA &&
+	echo extra >>AA &&
+	git update-index --add AA &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '5 - must match in !O && A && B && A==B case.' '
+	rm -f .git/index LL &&
+	cp .orig-A/LL LL &&
+	git update-index --add LL &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+	check_result
+'
+
+test_expect_success '5 - must match in !O && A && B && A==B case.' '
+	rm -f .git/index LL &&
+	cp .orig-A/LL LL &&
+	git update-index --add LL &&
+	echo extra >>LL &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+	check_result
+'
+
+test_expect_success '5 (fail) - must match A in !O && A && B && A==B case.' '
+	rm -f .git/index LL &&
+	cp .orig-A/LL LL &&
+	echo extra >>LL &&
+	git update-index --add LL &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '6 - must not exist in O && !A && !B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index DD &&
+	echo DD >DD &&
+	git update-index --add DD &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '7 - must not exist in O && !A && B && O!=B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index DM &&
+	cp .orig-B/DM DM &&
+	git update-index --add DM &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '8 - must not exist in O && !A && B && O==B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index DN &&
+	cp .orig-B/DN DN &&
+	git update-index --add DN &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '9 - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O!=A case' '
+	rm -f .git/index MD &&
+	cp .orig-A/MD MD &&
+	git update-index --add MD &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+	check_result
+'
+
+test_expect_success '9 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O!=A case' '
+	rm -f .git/index MD &&
+	cp .orig-A/MD MD &&
+	git update-index --add MD &&
+	echo extra >>MD &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '9 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O!=A case' '
+	rm -f .git/index MD &&
+	cp .orig-A/MD MD &&
+	echo extra >>MD &&
+	git update-index --add MD &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '10 - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O==A case' '
+	rm -f .git/index ND &&
+	cp .orig-A/ND ND &&
+	git update-index --add ND &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+	check_result
+'
+
+test_expect_success '10 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O==A case' '
+	rm -f .git/index ND &&
+	cp .orig-A/ND ND &&
+	git update-index --add ND &&
+	echo extra >>ND &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '10 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && !B && O==A case' '
+	rm -f .git/index ND &&
+	cp .orig-A/ND ND &&
+	echo extra >>ND &&
+	git update-index --add ND &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '11 - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O!=A && O!=B && A!=B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index MM &&
+	cp .orig-A/MM MM &&
+	git update-index --add MM &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+	check_result
+'
+
+test_expect_success '11 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O!=A && O!=B && A!=B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index MM &&
+	cp .orig-A/MM MM &&
+	git update-index --add MM &&
+	echo extra >>MM &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '11 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O!=A && O!=B && A!=B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index MM &&
+	cp .orig-A/MM MM &&
+	echo extra >>MM &&
+	git update-index --add MM &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '12 - must match A in O && A && B && O!=A && A==B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index SS &&
+	cp .orig-A/SS SS &&
+	git update-index --add SS &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+	check_result
+'
+
+test_expect_success '12 - must match A in O && A && B && O!=A && A==B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index SS &&
+	cp .orig-A/SS SS &&
+	git update-index --add SS &&
+	echo extra >>SS &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+	check_result
+'
+
+test_expect_success '12 (fail) - must match A in O && A && B && O!=A && A==B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index SS &&
+	cp .orig-A/SS SS &&
+	echo extra >>SS &&
+	git update-index --add SS &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '13 - must match A in O && A && B && O!=A && O==B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index MN &&
+	cp .orig-A/MN MN &&
+	git update-index --add MN &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+	check_result
+'
+
+test_expect_success '13 - must match A in O && A && B && O!=A && O==B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index MN &&
+	cp .orig-A/MN MN &&
+	git update-index --add MN &&
+	echo extra >>MN &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+	check_result
+'
+
+test_expect_success '14 - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O==A && O!=B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index NM &&
+	cp .orig-A/NM NM &&
+	git update-index --add NM &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+	check_result
+'
+
+test_expect_success '14 - may match B in O && A && B && O==A && O!=B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index NM &&
+	cp .orig-B/NM NM &&
+	git update-index --add NM &&
+	echo extra >>NM &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+	check_result
+'
+
+test_expect_success '14 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O==A && O!=B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index NM &&
+	cp .orig-A/NM NM &&
+	git update-index --add NM &&
+	echo extra >>NM &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '14 (fail) - must match and be up-to-date in O && A && B && O==A && O!=B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index NM &&
+	cp .orig-A/NM NM &&
+	echo extra >>NM &&
+	git update-index --add NM &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '15 - must match A in O && A && B && O==A && O==B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index NN &&
+	cp .orig-A/NN NN &&
+	git update-index --add NN &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+	check_result
+'
+
+test_expect_success '15 - must match A in O && A && B && O==A && O==B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index NN &&
+	cp .orig-A/NN NN &&
+	git update-index --add NN &&
+	echo extra >>NN &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B &&
+	check_result
+'
+
+test_expect_success '15 (fail) - must match A in O && A && B && O==A && O==B case' '
+	rm -f .git/index NN &&
+	cp .orig-A/NN NN &&
+	echo extra >>NN &&
+	git update-index --add NN &&
+	read_tree_must_fail -m $tree_O $tree_A $tree_B
+'
+
+test_expect_success '16 - A matches in one and B matches in another.' '
+	rm -f .git/index F16 &&
+	echo F16 >F16 &&
+	git update-index --add F16 &&
+	tree0=$(git write-tree) &&
+	echo E16 >F16 &&
+	git update-index F16 &&
+	tree1=$(git write-tree) &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed -m $tree0 $tree1 $tree1 $tree0 &&
+	git ls-files --stage
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh b/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh
index db1b6f5cf4..1057a96b24 100755
--- a/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh
+++ b/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ all the combinations described in the two-tree merge "carry forward"
 rules, found in <Documentation/git read-tree.txt>.
 
 In the test, these paths are used:
-        bozbar  - in H, stays in M, modified from bozbar to gnusto
-        frotz   - not in H added in M
-        nitfol  - in H, stays in M unmodified
-        rezrov  - in H, deleted in M
+	bozbar  - in H, stays in M, modified from bozbar to gnusto
+	frotz   - not in H added in M
+	nitfol  - in H, stays in M unmodified
+	rezrov  - in H, deleted in M
 	yomin   - not in H or M
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ read_tree_twoway () {
 compare_change () {
 	sed -n >current \
 	    -e '/^--- /d; /^+++ /d; /^@@ /d;' \
-	    -e 's/^\([-+][0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7]\) '"$_x40"' /\1 X /p' \
+	    -e 's/^\([-+][0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7]\) '"$OID_REGEX"' /\1 X /p' \
 	    "$1"
 	test_cmp expected current
 }
@@ -60,336 +60,343 @@ EOF
 
 sed -e 's/bozbar/gnusto (earlier bozbar)/' bozbar-old >bozbar-new
 
-test_expect_success \
-    setup \
-    'echo frotz >frotz &&
-     echo nitfol >nitfol &&
-     cat bozbar-old >bozbar &&
-     echo rezrov >rezrov &&
-     echo yomin >yomin &&
-     git update-index --add nitfol bozbar rezrov &&
-     treeH=$(git write-tree) &&
-     echo treeH $treeH &&
-     git ls-tree $treeH &&
-
-     cat bozbar-new >bozbar &&
-     git update-index --add frotz bozbar --force-remove rezrov &&
-     git ls-files --stage >M.out &&
-     treeM=$(git write-tree) &&
-     echo treeM $treeM &&
-     git ls-tree $treeM &&
-     git diff-tree $treeH $treeM'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '1, 2, 3 - no carry forward' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >1-3.out &&
-     test_cmp M.out 1-3.out &&
-     check_cache_at bozbar dirty &&
-     check_cache_at frotz dirty &&
-     check_cache_at nitfol dirty'
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo frotz >frotz &&
+	echo nitfol >nitfol &&
+	cat bozbar-old >bozbar &&
+	echo rezrov >rezrov &&
+	echo yomin >yomin &&
+	git update-index --add nitfol bozbar rezrov &&
+	treeH=$(git write-tree) &&
+	echo treeH $treeH &&
+	git ls-tree $treeH &&
+
+	cat bozbar-new >bozbar &&
+	git update-index --add frotz bozbar --force-remove rezrov &&
+	git ls-files --stage >M.out &&
+	treeM=$(git write-tree) &&
+	echo treeM $treeM &&
+	git ls-tree $treeM &&
+	git diff-tree $treeH $treeM
+'
 
+test_expect_success '1, 2, 3 - no carry forward' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
+	git ls-files --stage >1-3.out &&
+	test_cmp M.out 1-3.out &&
+	check_cache_at bozbar dirty &&
+	check_cache_at frotz dirty &&
+	check_cache_at nitfol dirty
+'
 echo '+100644 X 0	yomin' >expected
 
-test_expect_success \
-    '4 - carry forward local addition.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     git update-index --add yomin &&
-     read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >4.out &&
-     test_must_fail git diff --no-index M.out 4.out >4diff.out &&
-     compare_change 4diff.out expected &&
-     check_cache_at yomin clean'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '5 - carry forward local addition.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     echo yomin >yomin &&
-     git update-index --add yomin &&
-     echo yomin yomin >yomin &&
-     read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >5.out &&
-     test_must_fail git diff --no-index M.out 5.out >5diff.out &&
-     compare_change 5diff.out expected &&
-     check_cache_at yomin dirty'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '6 - local addition already has the same.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     git update-index --add frotz &&
-     read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >6.out &&
-     test_cmp M.out 6.out &&
-     check_cache_at frotz clean'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '7 - local addition already has the same.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     echo frotz >frotz &&
-     git update-index --add frotz &&
-     echo frotz frotz >frotz &&
-     read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >7.out &&
-     test_cmp M.out 7.out &&
-     check_cache_at frotz dirty'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '8 - conflicting addition.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     echo frotz frotz >frotz &&
-     git update-index --add frotz &&
-     if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '9 - conflicting addition.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     echo frotz frotz >frotz &&
-     git update-index --add frotz &&
-     echo frotz >frotz &&
-     if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '10 - path removed.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     echo rezrov >rezrov &&
-     git update-index --add rezrov &&
-     read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >10.out &&
-     test_cmp M.out 10.out'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '11 - dirty path removed.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     echo rezrov >rezrov &&
-     git update-index --add rezrov &&
-     echo rezrov rezrov >rezrov &&
-     if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '12 - unmatching local changes being removed.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     echo rezrov rezrov >rezrov &&
-     git update-index --add rezrov &&
-     if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '13 - unmatching local changes being removed.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     echo rezrov rezrov >rezrov &&
-     git update-index --add rezrov &&
-     echo rezrov >rezrov &&
-     if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
+test_expect_success '4 - carry forward local addition.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	git update-index --add yomin &&
+	read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
+	git ls-files --stage >4.out &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --no-index M.out 4.out >4diff.out &&
+	compare_change 4diff.out expected &&
+	check_cache_at yomin clean
+'
+
+test_expect_success '5 - carry forward local addition.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	echo yomin >yomin &&
+	git update-index --add yomin &&
+	echo yomin yomin >yomin &&
+	read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
+	git ls-files --stage >5.out &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --no-index M.out 5.out >5diff.out &&
+	compare_change 5diff.out expected &&
+	check_cache_at yomin dirty
+'
+
+test_expect_success '6 - local addition already has the same.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	git update-index --add frotz &&
+	read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
+	git ls-files --stage >6.out &&
+	test_cmp M.out 6.out &&
+	check_cache_at frotz clean
+'
+
+test_expect_success '7 - local addition already has the same.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	echo frotz >frotz &&
+	git update-index --add frotz &&
+	echo frotz frotz >frotz &&
+	read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
+	git ls-files --stage >7.out &&
+	test_cmp M.out 7.out &&
+	check_cache_at frotz dirty
+'
+
+test_expect_success '8 - conflicting addition.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	echo frotz frotz >frotz &&
+	git update-index --add frotz &&
+	if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success '9 - conflicting addition.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	echo frotz frotz >frotz &&
+	git update-index --add frotz &&
+	echo frotz >frotz &&
+	if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success '10 - path removed.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	echo rezrov >rezrov &&
+	git update-index --add rezrov &&
+	read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
+	git ls-files --stage >10.out &&
+	test_cmp M.out 10.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success '11 - dirty path removed.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	echo rezrov >rezrov &&
+	git update-index --add rezrov &&
+	echo rezrov rezrov >rezrov &&
+	if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success '12 - unmatching local changes being removed.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	echo rezrov rezrov >rezrov &&
+	git update-index --add rezrov &&
+	if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success '13 - unmatching local changes being removed.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	echo rezrov rezrov >rezrov &&
+	git update-index --add rezrov &&
+	echo rezrov >rezrov &&
+	if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi
+'
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
 -100644 X 0	nitfol
 +100644 X 0	nitfol
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success \
-    '14 - unchanged in two heads.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     echo nitfol nitfol >nitfol &&
-     git update-index --add nitfol &&
-     read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >14.out &&
-     test_must_fail git diff --no-index M.out 14.out >14diff.out &&
-     compare_change 14diff.out expected &&
-     check_cache_at nitfol clean'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '15 - unchanged in two heads.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     echo nitfol nitfol >nitfol &&
-     git update-index --add nitfol &&
-     echo nitfol nitfol nitfol >nitfol &&
-     read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >15.out &&
-     test_must_fail git diff --no-index M.out 15.out >15diff.out &&
-     compare_change 15diff.out expected &&
-     check_cache_at nitfol dirty'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '16 - conflicting local change.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     echo bozbar bozbar >bozbar &&
-     git update-index --add bozbar &&
-     if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '17 - conflicting local change.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     echo bozbar bozbar >bozbar &&
-     git update-index --add bozbar &&
-     echo bozbar bozbar bozbar >bozbar &&
-     if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '18 - local change already having a good result.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     cat bozbar-new >bozbar &&
-     git update-index --add bozbar &&
-     read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >18.out &&
-     test_cmp M.out 18.out &&
-     check_cache_at bozbar clean'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '19 - local change already having a good result, further modified.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     cat bozbar-new >bozbar &&
-     git update-index --add bozbar &&
-     echo gnusto gnusto >bozbar &&
-     read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >19.out &&
-     test_cmp M.out 19.out &&
-     check_cache_at bozbar dirty'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '20 - no local change, use new tree.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     cat bozbar-old >bozbar &&
-     git update-index --add bozbar &&
-     read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >20.out &&
-     test_cmp M.out 20.out &&
-     check_cache_at bozbar dirty'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    '21 - no local change, dirty cache.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     cat bozbar-old >bozbar &&
-     git update-index --add bozbar &&
-     echo gnusto gnusto >bozbar &&
-     if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
+test_expect_success '14 - unchanged in two heads.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	echo nitfol nitfol >nitfol &&
+	git update-index --add nitfol &&
+	read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
+	git ls-files --stage >14.out &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --no-index M.out 14.out >14diff.out &&
+	compare_change 14diff.out expected &&
+	check_cache_at nitfol clean
+'
+
+test_expect_success '15 - unchanged in two heads.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	echo nitfol nitfol >nitfol &&
+	git update-index --add nitfol &&
+	echo nitfol nitfol nitfol >nitfol &&
+	read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
+	git ls-files --stage >15.out &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --no-index M.out 15.out >15diff.out &&
+	compare_change 15diff.out expected &&
+	check_cache_at nitfol dirty
+'
+
+test_expect_success '16 - conflicting local change.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	echo bozbar bozbar >bozbar &&
+	git update-index --add bozbar &&
+	if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success '17 - conflicting local change.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	echo bozbar bozbar >bozbar &&
+	git update-index --add bozbar &&
+	echo bozbar bozbar bozbar >bozbar &&
+	if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success '18 - local change already having a good result.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	cat bozbar-new >bozbar &&
+	git update-index --add bozbar &&
+	read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
+	git ls-files --stage >18.out &&
+	test_cmp M.out 18.out &&
+	check_cache_at bozbar clean
+'
+
+test_expect_success '19 - local change already having a good result, further modified.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	cat bozbar-new >bozbar &&
+	git update-index --add bozbar &&
+	echo gnusto gnusto >bozbar &&
+	read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
+	git ls-files --stage >19.out &&
+	test_cmp M.out 19.out &&
+	check_cache_at bozbar dirty
+'
+
+test_expect_success '20 - no local change, use new tree.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	cat bozbar-old >bozbar &&
+	git update-index --add bozbar &&
+	read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM &&
+	git ls-files --stage >20.out &&
+	test_cmp M.out 20.out &&
+	check_cache_at bozbar dirty
+'
+
+test_expect_success '21 - no local change, dirty cache.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	cat bozbar-old >bozbar &&
+	git update-index --add bozbar &&
+	echo gnusto gnusto >bozbar &&
+	if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi
+'
 
 # This fails with straight two-way fast-forward.
-test_expect_success \
-    '22 - local change cache updated.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
-     git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
-     sed -e "s/such as/SUCH AS/" bozbar-old >bozbar &&
-     git update-index --add bozbar &&
-     if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
+test_expect_success '22 - local change cache updated.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	read_tree_must_succeed $treeH &&
+	git checkout-index -u -f -q -a &&
+	sed -e "s/such as/SUCH AS/" bozbar-old >bozbar &&
+	git update-index --add bozbar &&
+	if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi
+'
 
 # Also make sure we did not break DF vs DF/DF case.
-test_expect_success \
-    'DF vs DF/DF case setup.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     echo DF >DF &&
-     git update-index --add DF &&
-     treeDF=$(git write-tree) &&
-     echo treeDF $treeDF &&
-     git ls-tree $treeDF &&
-
-     rm -f DF &&
-     mkdir DF &&
-     echo DF/DF >DF/DF &&
-     git update-index --add --remove DF DF/DF &&
-     treeDFDF=$(git write-tree) &&
-     echo treeDFDF $treeDFDF &&
-     git ls-tree $treeDFDF &&
-     git ls-files --stage >DFDF.out'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'DF vs DF/DF case test.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     rm -fr DF &&
-     echo DF >DF &&
-     git update-index --add DF &&
-     read_tree_twoway $treeDF $treeDFDF &&
-     git ls-files --stage >DFDFcheck.out &&
-     test_cmp DFDF.out DFDFcheck.out &&
-     check_cache_at DF/DF dirty &&
-     :'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'a/b (untracked) vs a case setup.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     : >a &&
-     git update-index --add a &&
-     treeM=$(git write-tree) &&
-     echo treeM $treeM &&
-     git ls-tree $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >treeM.out &&
-
-     rm -f a &&
-     git update-index --remove a &&
-     mkdir a &&
-     : >a/b &&
-     treeH=$(git write-tree) &&
-     echo treeH $treeH &&
-     git ls-tree $treeH'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'a/b (untracked) vs a, plus c/d case test.' \
-    'read_tree_u_must_fail -u -m "$treeH" "$treeM" &&
-     git ls-files --stage &&
-     test -f a/b'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'a/b vs a, plus c/d case setup.' \
-    'rm -f .git/index &&
-     rm -fr a &&
-     : >a &&
-     mkdir c &&
-     : >c/d &&
-     git update-index --add a c/d &&
-     treeM=$(git write-tree) &&
-     echo treeM $treeM &&
-     git ls-tree $treeM &&
-     git ls-files --stage >treeM.out &&
-
-     rm -f a &&
-     mkdir a &&
-     : >a/b &&
-     git update-index --add --remove a a/b &&
-     treeH=$(git write-tree) &&
-     echo treeH $treeH &&
-     git ls-tree $treeH'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'a/b vs a, plus c/d case test.' \
-    'read_tree_u_must_succeed -u -m "$treeH" "$treeM" &&
-     git ls-files --stage | tee >treeMcheck.out &&
-     test_cmp treeM.out treeMcheck.out'
+test_expect_success 'DF vs DF/DF case setup.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	echo DF >DF &&
+	git update-index --add DF &&
+	treeDF=$(git write-tree) &&
+	echo treeDF $treeDF &&
+	git ls-tree $treeDF &&
+
+	rm -f DF &&
+	mkdir DF &&
+	echo DF/DF >DF/DF &&
+	git update-index --add --remove DF DF/DF &&
+	treeDFDF=$(git write-tree) &&
+	echo treeDFDF $treeDFDF &&
+	git ls-tree $treeDFDF &&
+	git ls-files --stage >DFDF.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'DF vs DF/DF case test.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	rm -fr DF &&
+	echo DF >DF &&
+	git update-index --add DF &&
+	read_tree_twoway $treeDF $treeDFDF &&
+	git ls-files --stage >DFDFcheck.out &&
+	test_cmp DFDF.out DFDFcheck.out &&
+	check_cache_at DF/DF dirty &&
+	:
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'a/b (untracked) vs a case setup.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	: >a &&
+	git update-index --add a &&
+	treeM=$(git write-tree) &&
+	echo treeM $treeM &&
+	git ls-tree $treeM &&
+	git ls-files --stage >treeM.out &&
+
+	rm -f a &&
+	git update-index --remove a &&
+	mkdir a &&
+	: >a/b &&
+	treeH=$(git write-tree) &&
+	echo treeH $treeH &&
+	git ls-tree $treeH
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'a/b (untracked) vs a, plus c/d case test.' '
+	read_tree_u_must_fail -u -m "$treeH" "$treeM" &&
+	git ls-files --stage &&
+	test -f a/b
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'read-tree supports the super-prefix' '
+	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
+		error: Updating '\''fictional/a'\'' would lose untracked files in it
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git --super-prefix fictional/ read-tree -u -m "$treeH" "$treeM" 2>actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'a/b vs a, plus c/d case setup.' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	rm -fr a &&
+	: >a &&
+	mkdir c &&
+	: >c/d &&
+	git update-index --add a c/d &&
+	treeM=$(git write-tree) &&
+	echo treeM $treeM &&
+	git ls-tree $treeM &&
+	git ls-files --stage >treeM.out &&
+
+	rm -f a &&
+	mkdir a &&
+	: >a/b &&
+	git update-index --add --remove a a/b &&
+	treeH=$(git write-tree) &&
+	echo treeH $treeH &&
+	git ls-tree $treeH
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'a/b vs a, plus c/d case test.' '
+	read_tree_u_must_succeed -u -m "$treeH" "$treeM" &&
+	git ls-files --stage | tee >treeMcheck.out &&
+	test_cmp treeM.out treeMcheck.out
+'
 
 test_expect_success '-m references the correct modified tree' '
 	echo >file-a &&
diff --git a/t/t1002-read-tree-m-u-2way.sh b/t/t1002-read-tree-m-u-2way.sh
index e3bf821694..9c05f5e1f5 100755
--- a/t/t1002-read-tree-m-u-2way.sh
+++ b/t/t1002-read-tree-m-u-2way.sh
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ compare_change () {
 	    -e '1{/^diff --git /d;}' \
 	    -e '2{/^index /d;}' \
 	    -e '/^--- /d; /^+++ /d; /^@@ /d;' \
-	    -e 's/^\(.[0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7]\) '"$_x40"' /\1 X /' "$1"
+	    -e 's/^\(.[0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7][0-7]\) '"$OID_REGEX"' /\1 X /' "$1"
 	test_cmp expected current
 }
 
@@ -51,7 +51,9 @@ test_expect_success \
      treeM=$(git write-tree) &&
      echo treeM $treeM &&
      git ls-tree $treeM &&
-     sum bozbar frotz nitfol >M.sum &&
+     cp bozbar bozbar.M &&
+     cp frotz frotz.M &&
+     cp nitfol nitfol.M &&
      git diff-tree $treeH $treeM'
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -61,8 +63,9 @@ test_expect_success \
      read_tree_u_must_succeed -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
      git ls-files --stage >1-3.out &&
      cmp M.out 1-3.out &&
-     sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual3.sum &&
-     cmp M.sum actual3.sum &&
+     test_cmp bozbar.M bozbar &&
+     test_cmp frotz.M frotz &&
+     test_cmp nitfol.M nitfol &&
      check_cache_at bozbar clean &&
      check_cache_at frotz clean &&
      check_cache_at nitfol clean'
@@ -79,8 +82,9 @@ test_expect_success \
      test_might_fail git diff -U0 --no-index M.out 4.out >4diff.out &&
      compare_change 4diff.out expected &&
      check_cache_at yomin clean &&
-     sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual4.sum &&
-     cmp M.sum actual4.sum &&
+     test_cmp bozbar.M bozbar &&
+     test_cmp frotz.M frotz &&
+     test_cmp nitfol.M nitfol &&
      echo yomin >yomin1 &&
      diff yomin yomin1 &&
      rm -f yomin1'
@@ -98,8 +102,9 @@ test_expect_success \
      test_might_fail git diff -U0 --no-index M.out 5.out >5diff.out &&
      compare_change 5diff.out expected &&
      check_cache_at yomin dirty &&
-     sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual5.sum &&
-     cmp M.sum actual5.sum &&
+     test_cmp bozbar.M bozbar &&
+     test_cmp frotz.M frotz &&
+     test_cmp nitfol.M nitfol &&
      : dirty index should have prevented -u from checking it out. &&
      echo yomin yomin >yomin1 &&
      diff yomin yomin1 &&
@@ -115,8 +120,9 @@ test_expect_success \
      git ls-files --stage >6.out &&
      test_cmp M.out 6.out &&
      check_cache_at frotz clean &&
-     sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual3.sum &&
-     cmp M.sum actual3.sum &&
+     test_cmp bozbar.M bozbar &&
+     test_cmp frotz.M frotz &&
+     test_cmp nitfol.M nitfol &&
      echo frotz >frotz1 &&
      diff frotz frotz1 &&
      rm -f frotz1'
@@ -132,8 +138,8 @@ test_expect_success \
      git ls-files --stage >7.out &&
      test_cmp M.out 7.out &&
      check_cache_at frotz dirty &&
-     sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual7.sum &&
-     if cmp M.sum actual7.sum; then false; else :; fi &&
+     test_cmp bozbar.M bozbar &&
+     test_cmp nitfol.M nitfol &&
      : dirty index should have prevented -u from checking it out. &&
      echo frotz frotz >frotz1 &&
      diff frotz frotz1 &&
@@ -165,8 +171,10 @@ test_expect_success \
      read_tree_u_must_succeed -m -u $treeH $treeM &&
      git ls-files --stage >10.out &&
      cmp M.out 10.out &&
-     sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual10.sum &&
-     cmp M.sum actual10.sum'
+     test_cmp bozbar.M bozbar &&
+     test_cmp frotz.M frotz &&
+     test_cmp nitfol.M nitfol
+'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '11 - dirty path removed.' \
@@ -209,11 +217,8 @@ test_expect_success \
      git ls-files --stage >14.out &&
      test_must_fail git diff -U0 --no-index M.out 14.out >14diff.out &&
      compare_change 14diff.out expected &&
-     sum bozbar frotz >actual14.sum &&
-     grep -v nitfol M.sum > expected14.sum &&
-     cmp expected14.sum actual14.sum &&
-     sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual14a.sum &&
-     if cmp M.sum actual14a.sum; then false; else :; fi &&
+     test_cmp bozbar.M bozbar &&
+     test_cmp frotz.M frotz &&
      check_cache_at nitfol clean &&
      echo nitfol nitfol >nitfol1 &&
      diff nitfol nitfol1 &&
@@ -231,11 +236,8 @@ test_expect_success \
      test_must_fail git diff -U0 --no-index M.out 15.out >15diff.out &&
      compare_change 15diff.out expected &&
      check_cache_at nitfol dirty &&
-     sum bozbar frotz >actual15.sum &&
-     grep -v nitfol M.sum > expected15.sum &&
-     cmp expected15.sum actual15.sum &&
-     sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual15a.sum &&
-     if cmp M.sum actual15a.sum; then false; else :; fi &&
+     test_cmp bozbar.M bozbar &&
+     test_cmp frotz.M frotz &&
      echo nitfol nitfol nitfol >nitfol1 &&
      diff nitfol nitfol1 &&
      rm -f nitfol1'
@@ -267,8 +269,10 @@ test_expect_success \
      git ls-files --stage >18.out &&
      test_cmp M.out 18.out &&
      check_cache_at bozbar clean &&
-     sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual18.sum &&
-     cmp M.sum actual18.sum'
+     test_cmp bozbar.M bozbar &&
+     test_cmp frotz.M frotz &&
+     test_cmp nitfol.M nitfol
+'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '19 - local change already having a good result, further modified.' \
@@ -281,11 +285,8 @@ test_expect_success \
      git ls-files --stage >19.out &&
      test_cmp M.out 19.out &&
      check_cache_at bozbar dirty &&
-     sum frotz nitfol >actual19.sum &&
-     grep -v bozbar  M.sum > expected19.sum &&
-     cmp expected19.sum actual19.sum &&
-     sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual19a.sum &&
-     if cmp M.sum actual19a.sum; then false; else :; fi &&
+     test_cmp frotz.M frotz &&
+     test_cmp nitfol.M nitfol &&
      echo gnusto gnusto >bozbar1 &&
      diff bozbar bozbar1 &&
      rm -f bozbar1'
@@ -300,8 +301,10 @@ test_expect_success \
      git ls-files --stage >20.out &&
      test_cmp M.out 20.out &&
      check_cache_at bozbar clean &&
-     sum bozbar frotz nitfol >actual20.sum &&
-     cmp M.sum actual20.sum'
+     test_cmp bozbar.M bozbar &&
+     test_cmp frotz.M frotz &&
+     test_cmp nitfol.M nitfol
+'
 
 test_expect_success \
     '21 - no local change, dirty cache.' \
diff --git a/t/t1004-read-tree-m-u-wf.sh b/t/t1004-read-tree-m-u-wf.sh
index c70cf42300..c13578a635 100755
--- a/t/t1004-read-tree-m-u-wf.sh
+++ b/t/t1004-read-tree-m-u-wf.sh
@@ -179,6 +179,8 @@ test_expect_success 'funny symlink in work tree' '
 
 test_expect_success SANITY 'funny symlink in work tree, un-unlink-able' '
 
+	test_when_finished "chmod u+w a 2>/dev/null; rm -fr a b" &&
+
 	rm -fr a b &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 
@@ -188,10 +190,6 @@ test_expect_success SANITY 'funny symlink in work tree, un-unlink-able' '
 
 '
 
-# clean-up from the above test
-chmod a+w a 2>/dev/null
-rm -fr a b
-
 test_expect_success 'D/F setup' '
 
 	git reset --hard &&
@@ -212,13 +210,13 @@ test_expect_success 'D/F' '
 	read_tree_u_must_succeed -m -u branch-point side-b side-a &&
 	git ls-files -u >actual &&
 	(
-		a=$(git rev-parse branch-point:subdir/file2)
-		b=$(git rev-parse side-a:subdir/file2/another)
-		echo "100644 $a 1	subdir/file2"
-		echo "100644 $a 2	subdir/file2"
+		a=$(git rev-parse branch-point:subdir/file2) &&
+		b=$(git rev-parse side-a:subdir/file2/another) &&
+		echo "100644 $a 1	subdir/file2" &&
+		echo "100644 $a 2	subdir/file2" &&
 		echo "100644 $b 3	subdir/file2/another"
 	) >expect &&
-	test_cmp actual expect
+	test_cmp expect actual
 
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t1005-read-tree-reset.sh b/t/t1005-read-tree-reset.sh
index 074568500a..83b09e1310 100755
--- a/t/t1005-read-tree-reset.sh
+++ b/t/t1005-read-tree-reset.sh
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ test_expect_success 'reset should remove remnants from a failed merge' '
 	git ls-files -s >expect &&
 	sha1=$(git rev-parse :new) &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $sha1 1	old"
+		echo "100644 $sha1 1	old" &&
 		echo "100644 $sha1 3	old"
 	) | git update-index --index-info &&
 	>old &&
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ test_expect_success 'two-way reset should remove remnants too' '
 	git ls-files -s >expect &&
 	sha1=$(git rev-parse :new) &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $sha1 1	old"
+		echo "100644 $sha1 1	old" &&
 		echo "100644 $sha1 3	old"
 	) | git update-index --index-info &&
 	>old &&
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ test_expect_success 'Porcelain reset should remove remnants too' '
 	git ls-files -s >expect &&
 	sha1=$(git rev-parse :new) &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $sha1 1	old"
+		echo "100644 $sha1 1	old" &&
 		echo "100644 $sha1 3	old"
 	) | git update-index --index-info &&
 	>old &&
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ test_expect_success 'Porcelain checkout -f should remove remnants too' '
 	git ls-files -s >expect &&
 	sha1=$(git rev-parse :new) &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $sha1 1	old"
+		echo "100644 $sha1 1	old" &&
 		echo "100644 $sha1 3	old"
 	) | git update-index --index-info &&
 	>old &&
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ test_expect_success 'Porcelain checkout -f HEAD should remove remnants too' '
 	git ls-files -s >expect &&
 	sha1=$(git rev-parse :new) &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $sha1 1	old"
+		echo "100644 $sha1 1	old" &&
 		echo "100644 $sha1 3	old"
 	) | git update-index --index-info &&
 	>old &&
diff --git a/t/t1006-cat-file.sh b/t/t1006-cat-file.sh
index ab36b1eb72..7f19d591f2 100755
--- a/t/t1006-cat-file.sh
+++ b/t/t1006-cat-file.sh
@@ -47,6 +47,18 @@ $content"
 	test_cmp expect actual
     '
 
+    test_expect_success "Type of $type is correct using --allow-unknown-type" '
+	echo $type >expect &&
+	git cat-file -t --allow-unknown-type $sha1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+    '
+
+    test_expect_success "Size of $type is correct using --allow-unknown-type" '
+	echo $size >expect &&
+	git cat-file -s --allow-unknown-type $sha1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+    '
+
     test -z "$content" ||
     test_expect_success "Content of $type is correct" '
 	maybe_remove_timestamp "$content" $no_ts >expect &&
@@ -189,6 +201,13 @@ do
     '
 done
 
+for opt in t s e p
+do
+    test_expect_success "Passing -$opt with --follow-symlinks fails" '
+	    test_must_fail git cat-file --follow-symlinks -$opt $hello_sha1
+	'
+done
+
 test_expect_success "--batch-check for a non-existent named object" '
     test "foobar42 missing
 foobar84 missing" = \
@@ -212,13 +231,13 @@ $tag_content
        | git cat-file --batch)"
 '
 
-test_expect_success "--batch-check for an emtpy line" '
+test_expect_success "--batch-check for an empty line" '
     test " missing" = "$(echo | git cat-file --batch-check)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'empty --batch-check notices missing object' '
-	echo "$_z40 missing" >expect &&
-	echo "$_z40" | git cat-file --batch-check="" >actual &&
+	echo "$ZERO_OID missing" >expect &&
+	echo "$ZERO_OID" | git cat-file --batch-check="" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -263,7 +282,7 @@ test_expect_success "--batch-check with multiple sha1s gives correct format" '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup blobs which are likely to delta' '
-	test-genrandom foo 10240 >foo &&
+	test-tool genrandom foo 10240 >foo &&
 	{ cat foo; echo plus; } >foo-plus &&
 	git add foo foo-plus &&
 	git commit -m foo &&
@@ -275,8 +294,8 @@ test_expect_success 'setup blobs which are likely to delta' '
 
 test_expect_success 'confirm that neither loose blob is a delta' '
 	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
-	$_z40
-	$_z40
+	$ZERO_OID
+	$ZERO_OID
 	EOF
 	git cat-file --batch-check="%(deltabase)" <blobs >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
@@ -296,4 +315,275 @@ test_expect_success '%(deltabase) reports packed delta bases' '
 	}
 '
 
+bogus_type="bogus"
+bogus_content="bogus"
+bogus_size=$(strlen "$bogus_content")
+bogus_sha1=$(echo_without_newline "$bogus_content" | git hash-object -t $bogus_type --literally -w --stdin)
+
+test_expect_success "Type of broken object is correct" '
+	echo $bogus_type >expect &&
+	git cat-file -t --allow-unknown-type $bogus_sha1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "Size of broken object is correct" '
+	echo $bogus_size >expect &&
+	git cat-file -s --allow-unknown-type $bogus_sha1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+bogus_type="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234679"
+bogus_content="bogus"
+bogus_size=$(strlen "$bogus_content")
+bogus_sha1=$(echo_without_newline "$bogus_content" | git hash-object -t $bogus_type --literally -w --stdin)
+
+test_expect_success "Type of broken object is correct when type is large" '
+	echo $bogus_type >expect &&
+	git cat-file -t --allow-unknown-type $bogus_sha1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "Size of large broken object is correct when type is large" '
+	echo $bogus_size >expect &&
+	git cat-file -s --allow-unknown-type $bogus_sha1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Tests for git cat-file --follow-symlinks
+test_expect_success 'prep for symlink tests' '
+	echo_without_newline "$hello_content" >morx &&
+	test_ln_s_add morx same-dir-link &&
+	test_ln_s_add dir link-to-dir &&
+	test_ln_s_add ../fleem out-of-repo-link &&
+	test_ln_s_add .. out-of-repo-link-dir &&
+	test_ln_s_add same-dir-link link-to-link &&
+	test_ln_s_add nope broken-same-dir-link &&
+	mkdir dir &&
+	test_ln_s_add ../morx dir/parent-dir-link &&
+	test_ln_s_add .. dir/link-dir &&
+	test_ln_s_add ../../escape dir/out-of-repo-link &&
+	test_ln_s_add ../.. dir/out-of-repo-link-dir &&
+	test_ln_s_add nope dir/broken-link-in-dir &&
+	mkdir dir/subdir &&
+	test_ln_s_add ../../morx dir/subdir/grandparent-dir-link &&
+	test_ln_s_add ../../../great-escape dir/subdir/out-of-repo-link &&
+	test_ln_s_add ../../.. dir/subdir/out-of-repo-link-dir &&
+	test_ln_s_add ../../../ dir/subdir/out-of-repo-link-dir-trailing &&
+	test_ln_s_add ../parent-dir-link dir/subdir/parent-dir-link-to-link &&
+	echo_without_newline "$hello_content" >dir/subdir/ind2 &&
+	echo_without_newline "$hello_content" >dir/ind1 &&
+	test_ln_s_add dir dirlink &&
+	test_ln_s_add dir/subdir subdirlink &&
+	test_ln_s_add subdir/ind2 dir/link-to-child &&
+	test_ln_s_add dir/link-to-child link-to-down-link &&
+	test_ln_s_add dir/.. up-down &&
+	test_ln_s_add dir/../ up-down-trailing &&
+	test_ln_s_add dir/../morx up-down-file &&
+	test_ln_s_add dir/../../morx up-up-down-file &&
+	test_ln_s_add subdirlink/../../morx up-two-down-file &&
+	test_ln_s_add loop1 loop2 &&
+	test_ln_s_add loop2 loop1 &&
+	git add morx dir/subdir/ind2 dir/ind1 &&
+	git commit -am "test" &&
+	echo $hello_sha1 blob $hello_size >found
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks works for non-links' '
+	echo HEAD:morx | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp found actual &&
+	echo HEAD:nope missing >expect &&
+	echo HEAD:nope | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks works for in-repo, same-dir links' '
+	echo HEAD:same-dir-link | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp found actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks works for in-repo, links to dirs' '
+	echo HEAD:link-to-dir/ind1 | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp found actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks works for broken in-repo, same-dir links' '
+	echo dangling 25 >expect &&
+	echo HEAD:broken-same-dir-link >>expect &&
+	echo HEAD:broken-same-dir-link | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks works for same-dir links-to-links' '
+	echo HEAD:link-to-link | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp found actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks works for parent-dir links' '
+	echo HEAD:dir/parent-dir-link | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp found actual &&
+	echo notdir 29 >expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/parent-dir-link/nope >>expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/parent-dir-link/nope | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks works for .. links' '
+	echo dangling 22 >expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/link-dir/nope >>expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/link-dir/nope | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/link-dir/morx | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp found actual &&
+	echo dangling 27 >expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/broken-link-in-dir >>expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/broken-link-in-dir | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks works for ../.. links' '
+	echo notdir 41 >expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/subdir/grandparent-dir-link/nope >>expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/subdir/grandparent-dir-link/nope | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/subdir/grandparent-dir-link | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp found actual &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/subdir/parent-dir-link-to-link | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp found actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks works for dir/ links' '
+	echo dangling 17 >expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dirlink/morx >>expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dirlink/morx | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo $hello_sha1 blob $hello_size >expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dirlink/ind1 | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks works for dir/subdir links' '
+	echo dangling 20 >expect &&
+	echo HEAD:subdirlink/morx >>expect &&
+	echo HEAD:subdirlink/morx | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo HEAD:subdirlink/ind2 | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp found actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks works for dir ->subdir links' '
+	echo notdir 27 >expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/link-to-child/morx >>expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/link-to-child/morx | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/link-to-child | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp found actual &&
+	echo HEAD:link-to-down-link | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp found actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks works for out-of-repo symlinks' '
+	echo symlink 8 >expect &&
+	echo ../fleem >>expect &&
+	echo HEAD:out-of-repo-link | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo symlink 2 >expect &&
+	echo .. >>expect &&
+	echo HEAD:out-of-repo-link-dir | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks works for out-of-repo symlinks in dirs' '
+	echo symlink 9 >expect &&
+	echo ../escape >>expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/out-of-repo-link | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo symlink 2 >expect &&
+	echo .. >>expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/out-of-repo-link-dir | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks works for out-of-repo symlinks in subdirs' '
+	echo symlink 15 >expect &&
+	echo ../great-escape >>expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/subdir/out-of-repo-link | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo symlink 2 >expect &&
+	echo .. >>expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/subdir/out-of-repo-link-dir | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo symlink 3 >expect &&
+	echo ../ >>expect &&
+	echo HEAD:dir/subdir/out-of-repo-link-dir-trailing | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks works for symlinks with internal ..' '
+	echo HEAD: | git cat-file --batch-check >expect &&
+	echo HEAD:up-down | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo HEAD:up-down-trailing | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo HEAD:up-down-file | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp found actual &&
+	echo symlink 7 >expect &&
+	echo ../morx >>expect &&
+	echo HEAD:up-up-down-file | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo HEAD:up-two-down-file | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp found actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlink breaks loops' '
+	echo loop 10 >expect &&
+	echo HEAD:loop1 >>expect &&
+	echo HEAD:loop1 | git cat-file --batch-check --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file --batch --follow-symlink returns correct sha and mode' '
+	echo HEAD:morx | git cat-file --batch >expect &&
+	echo HEAD:morx | git cat-file --batch --follow-symlinks >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cat-file --batch-all-objects shows all objects' '
+	# make new repos so we know the full set of objects; we will
+	# also make sure that there are some packed and some loose
+	# objects, some referenced and some not, some duplicates, and that
+	# there are some available only via alternates.
+	git init all-one &&
+	(
+		cd all-one &&
+		echo content >file &&
+		git add file &&
+		git commit -qm base &&
+		git rev-parse HEAD HEAD^{tree} HEAD:file &&
+		git repack -ad &&
+		echo not-cloned | git hash-object -w --stdin
+	) >expect.unsorted &&
+	git clone -s all-one all-two &&
+	(
+		cd all-two &&
+		echo local-unref | git hash-object -w --stdin
+	) >>expect.unsorted &&
+	git -C all-two rev-parse HEAD:file |
+		git -C all-two pack-objects .git/objects/pack/pack &&
+	sort <expect.unsorted >expect &&
+	git -C all-two cat-file --batch-all-objects \
+				--batch-check="%(objectname)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# The only user-visible difference is that the objects are no longer sorted,
+# and the resulting sort order is undefined. So we can only check that it
+# produces the same objects as the ordered case, but that at least exercises
+# the code.
+test_expect_success 'cat-file --unordered works' '
+	git -C all-two cat-file --batch-all-objects --unordered \
+				--batch-check="%(objectname)" >actual.unsorted &&
+	sort <actual.unsorted >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1007-hash-object.sh b/t/t1007-hash-object.sh
index f83df8eb8b..a37753047e 100755
--- a/t/t1007-hash-object.sh
+++ b/t/t1007-hash-object.sh
@@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ echo_without_newline() {
 }
 
 test_blob_does_not_exist() {
-	test_expect_success 'blob does not exist in database' "
+	test_expect_success SHA1 'blob does not exist in database' "
 		test_must_fail git cat-file blob $1
 	"
 }
 
 test_blob_exists() {
-	test_expect_success 'blob exists in database' "
+	test_expect_success SHA1 'blob exists in database' "
 		git cat-file blob $1
 	"
 }
@@ -73,19 +73,19 @@ test_expect_success "Can't use --path with --no-filters" '
 
 push_repo
 
-test_expect_success 'hash a file' '
+test_expect_success SHA1 'hash a file' '
 	test $hello_sha1 = $(git hash-object hello)
 '
 
 test_blob_does_not_exist $hello_sha1
 
-test_expect_success 'hash from stdin' '
+test_expect_success SHA1 'hash from stdin' '
 	test $example_sha1 = $(git hash-object --stdin < example)
 '
 
 test_blob_does_not_exist $example_sha1
 
-test_expect_success 'hash a file and write to database' '
+test_expect_success SHA1 'hash a file and write to database' '
 	test $hello_sha1 = $(git hash-object -w hello)
 '
 
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git hash-object --stdin file1 <file0 first operates on file
 	test "$obname1" = "$obname1new"
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'check that appropriate filter is invoke when --path is used' '
+test_expect_success 'set up crlf tests' '
 	echo fooQ | tr Q "\\015" >file0 &&
 	cp file0 file1 &&
 	echo "file0 -crlf" >.gitattributes &&
@@ -109,7 +109,10 @@ test_expect_success 'check that appropriate filter is invoke when --path is used
 	git config core.autocrlf true &&
 	file0_sha=$(git hash-object file0) &&
 	file1_sha=$(git hash-object file1) &&
-	test "$file0_sha" != "$file1_sha" &&
+	test "$file0_sha" != "$file1_sha"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check that appropriate filter is invoke when --path is used' '
 	path1_sha=$(git hash-object --path=file1 file0) &&
 	path0_sha=$(git hash-object --path=file0 file1) &&
 	test "$file0_sha" = "$path0_sha" &&
@@ -117,38 +120,40 @@ test_expect_success 'check that appropriate filter is invoke when --path is used
 	path1_sha=$(cat file0 | git hash-object --path=file1 --stdin) &&
 	path0_sha=$(cat file1 | git hash-object --path=file0 --stdin) &&
 	test "$file0_sha" = "$path0_sha" &&
-	test "$file1_sha" = "$path1_sha" &&
-	git config --unset core.autocrlf
+	test "$file1_sha" = "$path1_sha"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitattributes also work in a subdirectory' '
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		subdir_sha0=$(git hash-object ../file0) &&
+		subdir_sha1=$(git hash-object ../file1) &&
+		test "$file0_sha" = "$subdir_sha0" &&
+		test "$file1_sha" = "$subdir_sha1"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--path works in a subdirectory' '
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		path1_sha=$(git hash-object --path=../file1 ../file0) &&
+		path0_sha=$(git hash-object --path=../file0 ../file1) &&
+		test "$file0_sha" = "$path0_sha" &&
+		test "$file1_sha" = "$path1_sha"
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check that --no-filters option works' '
-	echo fooQ | tr Q "\\015" >file0 &&
-	cp file0 file1 &&
-	echo "file0 -crlf" >.gitattributes &&
-	echo "file1 crlf" >>.gitattributes &&
-	git config core.autocrlf true &&
-	file0_sha=$(git hash-object file0) &&
-	file1_sha=$(git hash-object file1) &&
-	test "$file0_sha" != "$file1_sha" &&
 	nofilters_file1=$(git hash-object --no-filters file1) &&
 	test "$file0_sha" = "$nofilters_file1" &&
 	nofilters_file1=$(cat file1 | git hash-object --stdin) &&
-	test "$file0_sha" = "$nofilters_file1" &&
-	git config --unset core.autocrlf
+	test "$file0_sha" = "$nofilters_file1"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check that --no-filters option works with --stdin-paths' '
-	echo fooQ | tr Q "\\015" >file0 &&
-	cp file0 file1 &&
-	echo "file0 -crlf" >.gitattributes &&
-	echo "file1 crlf" >>.gitattributes &&
-	git config core.autocrlf true &&
-	file0_sha=$(git hash-object file0) &&
-	file1_sha=$(git hash-object file1) &&
-	test "$file0_sha" != "$file1_sha" &&
 	nofilters_file1=$(echo "file1" | git hash-object --stdin-paths --no-filters) &&
-	test "$file0_sha" = "$nofilters_file1" &&
-	git config --unset core.autocrlf
+	test "$file0_sha" = "$nofilters_file1"
 '
 
 pop_repo
@@ -156,7 +161,7 @@ pop_repo
 for args in "-w --stdin" "--stdin -w"; do
 	push_repo
 
-	test_expect_success "hash from stdin and write to database ($args)" '
+	test_expect_success SHA1 "hash from stdin and write to database ($args)" '
 		test $example_sha1 = $(git hash-object $args < example)
 	'
 
@@ -171,14 +176,14 @@ example"
 sha1s="$hello_sha1
 $example_sha1"
 
-test_expect_success "hash two files with names on stdin" '
+test_expect_success SHA1 "hash two files with names on stdin" '
 	test "$sha1s" = "$(echo_without_newline "$filenames" | git hash-object --stdin-paths)"
 '
 
 for args in "-w --stdin-paths" "--stdin-paths -w"; do
 	push_repo
 
-	test_expect_success "hash two files with names on stdin and write to database ($args)" '
+	test_expect_success SHA1 "hash two files with names on stdin and write to database ($args)" '
 		test "$sha1s" = "$(echo_without_newline "$filenames" | git hash-object $args)"
 	'
 
@@ -188,9 +193,30 @@ for args in "-w --stdin-paths" "--stdin-paths -w"; do
 	pop_repo
 done
 
-test_expect_success 'corrupt tree' '
+test_expect_success 'too-short tree' '
 	echo abc >malformed-tree &&
-	test_must_fail git hash-object -t tree malformed-tree
+	test_must_fail git hash-object -t tree malformed-tree 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "too-short tree object" err
+'
+
+hex2oct() {
+    perl -ne 'printf "\\%03o", hex for /../g'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'malformed mode in tree' '
+	hex_sha1=$(echo foo | git hash-object --stdin -w) &&
+	bin_sha1=$(echo $hex_sha1 | hex2oct) &&
+	printf "9100644 \0$bin_sha1" >tree-with-malformed-mode &&
+	test_must_fail git hash-object -t tree tree-with-malformed-mode 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "malformed mode in tree entry" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty filename in tree' '
+	hex_sha1=$(echo foo | git hash-object --stdin -w) &&
+	bin_sha1=$(echo $hex_sha1 | hex2oct) &&
+	printf "100644 \0$bin_sha1" >tree-with-empty-filename &&
+	test_must_fail git hash-object -t tree tree-with-empty-filename 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "empty filename in tree entry" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'corrupt commit' '
@@ -201,4 +227,23 @@ test_expect_success 'corrupt tag' '
 	test_must_fail git hash-object -t tag --stdin </dev/null
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'hash-object complains about bogus type name' '
+	test_must_fail git hash-object -t bogus --stdin </dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hash-object complains about truncated type name' '
+	test_must_fail git hash-object -t bl --stdin </dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--literally' '
+	t=1234567890 &&
+	echo example | git hash-object -t $t --literally --stdin
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--literally with extra-long type' '
+	t=12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890 &&
+	t="$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t$t" &&
+	echo example | git hash-object -t $t --literally --stdin
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1008-read-tree-overlay.sh b/t/t1008-read-tree-overlay.sh
index 4c50ed955e..cf96016844 100755
--- a/t/t1008-read-tree-overlay.sh
+++ b/t/t1008-read-tree-overlay.sh
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 test_expect_success 'multi-read' '
 	read_tree_must_succeed initial master side &&
-	(echo a; echo b/c) >expect &&
+	test_write_lines a b/c >expect &&
 	git ls-files >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
diff --git a/t/t1011-read-tree-sparse-checkout.sh b/t/t1011-read-tree-sparse-checkout.sh
index 0c74beedd2..ba71b159ba 100755
--- a/t/t1011-read-tree-sparse-checkout.sh
+++ b/t/t1011-read-tree-sparse-checkout.sh
@@ -15,11 +15,14 @@ test_description='sparse checkout tests
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-read-tree.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	100644 77f0ba1734ed79d12881f81b36ee134de6a3327b 0	init.t
-	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	sub/added
-	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	sub/addedtoo
-	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	subsub/added
+	test_commit init &&
+	echo modified >>init.t &&
+
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	100644 $(git hash-object init.t) 0	init.t
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	sub/added
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	sub/addedtoo
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	subsub/added
 	EOF
 	cat >expected.swt <<-\EOF &&
 	H init.t
@@ -28,8 +31,6 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	H subsub/added
 	EOF
 
-	test_commit init &&
-	echo modified >>init.t &&
 	mkdir sub subsub &&
 	touch sub/added sub/addedtoo subsub/added &&
 	git add init.t sub/added sub/addedtoo subsub/added &&
@@ -226,12 +227,11 @@ test_expect_success 'index removal and worktree narrowing at the same time' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'read-tree --reset removes outside worktree' '
-	>empty &&
 	echo init.t >.git/info/sparse-checkout &&
 	git checkout -f top &&
 	git reset --hard removed &&
 	git ls-files sub/added >result &&
-	test_cmp empty result
+	test_must_be_empty result
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'print errors when failed to update worktree' '
@@ -244,10 +244,10 @@ test_expect_success 'print errors when failed to update worktree' '
 error: The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by checkout:
 	sub/added
 	sub/addedtoo
-Please move or remove them before you can switch branches.
+Please move or remove them before you switch branches.
 Aborting
 EOF
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout without --ignore-skip-worktree-bits' '
diff --git a/t/t1012-read-tree-df.sh b/t/t1012-read-tree-df.sh
index a6a04b6b90..57f0770df1 100755
--- a/t/t1012-read-tree-df.sh
+++ b/t/t1012-read-tree-df.sh
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ settree () {
 
 checkindex () {
 	git ls-files -s |
-	sed "s|^[0-7][0-7]* $_x40 \([0-3]\)	|\1 |" >current &&
+	sed "s|^[0-7][0-7]* $OID_REGEX \([0-3]\)	|\1 |" >current &&
 	cat >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect current
 }
diff --git a/t/t1013-read-tree-submodule.sh b/t/t1013-read-tree-submodule.sh
index 20526aed34..91a6fafcb4 100755
--- a/t/t1013-read-tree-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t1013-read-tree-submodule.sh
@@ -5,6 +5,13 @@ test_description='read-tree can handle submodules'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-submodule-update.sh
 
+KNOWN_FAILURE_DIRECTORY_SUBMODULE_CONFLICTS=1
+KNOWN_FAILURE_SUBMODULE_OVERWRITE_IGNORED_UNTRACKED=1
+
+test_submodule_switch_recursing_with_args "read-tree -u -m"
+
+test_submodule_forced_switch_recursing_with_args "read-tree -u --reset"
+
 test_submodule_switch "git read-tree -u -m"
 
 test_submodule_forced_switch "git read-tree -u --reset"
diff --git a/t/t1015-read-index-unmerged.sh b/t/t1015-read-index-unmerged.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..55d22da32c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1015-read-index-unmerged.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test various callers of read_index_unmerged'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup modify/delete + directory/file conflict' '
+	test_create_repo df_plus_modify_delete &&
+	(
+		cd df_plus_modify_delete &&
+
+		test_write_lines a b c d e f g h >letters &&
+		git add letters &&
+		git commit -m initial &&
+
+		git checkout -b modify &&
+		# Throw in letters.txt for sorting order fun
+		# ("letters.txt" sorts between "letters" and "letters/file")
+		echo i >>letters &&
+		echo "version 2" >letters.txt &&
+		git add letters letters.txt &&
+		git commit -m modified &&
+
+		git checkout -b delete HEAD^ &&
+		git rm letters &&
+		mkdir letters &&
+		>letters/file &&
+		echo "version 1" >letters.txt &&
+		git add letters letters.txt &&
+		git commit -m deleted
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'read-tree --reset cleans unmerged entries' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C df_plus_modify_delete clean -f" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C df_plus_modify_delete reset --hard" &&
+	(
+		cd df_plus_modify_delete &&
+
+		git checkout delete^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge modify &&
+
+		git read-tree --reset HEAD &&
+		git ls-files -u >conflicts &&
+		test_must_be_empty conflicts
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'One reset --hard cleans unmerged entries' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C df_plus_modify_delete clean -f" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C df_plus_modify_delete reset --hard" &&
+	(
+		cd df_plus_modify_delete &&
+
+		git checkout delete^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge modify &&
+
+		git reset --hard &&
+		test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+		git ls-files -u >conflicts &&
+		test_must_be_empty conflicts
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup directory/file conflict + simple edit/edit' '
+	test_create_repo df_plus_edit_edit &&
+	(
+		cd df_plus_edit_edit &&
+
+		test_seq 1 10 >numbers &&
+		git add numbers &&
+		git commit -m initial &&
+
+		git checkout -b d-edit &&
+		mkdir foo &&
+		echo content >foo/bar &&
+		git add foo &&
+		echo 11 >>numbers &&
+		git add numbers &&
+		git commit -m "directory and edit" &&
+
+		git checkout -b f-edit d-edit^1 &&
+		echo content >foo &&
+		git add foo &&
+		echo eleven >>numbers &&
+		git add numbers &&
+		git commit -m "file and edit"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git merge --abort succeeds despite D/F conflict' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C df_plus_edit_edit clean -f" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C df_plus_edit_edit reset --hard" &&
+	(
+		cd df_plus_edit_edit &&
+
+		git checkout f-edit^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge d-edit^0 &&
+
+		git merge --abort &&
+		test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+		git ls-files -u >conflicts &&
+		test_must_be_empty conflicts
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git am --skip succeeds despite D/F conflict' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C df_plus_edit_edit clean -f" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C df_plus_edit_edit reset --hard" &&
+	(
+		cd df_plus_edit_edit &&
+
+		git checkout f-edit^0 &&
+		git format-patch -1 d-edit &&
+		test_must_fail git am -3 0001*.patch &&
+
+		git am --skip &&
+		test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply &&
+		git ls-files -u >conflicts &&
+		test_must_be_empty conflicts
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh b/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh
index 2edb4f2de5..c2df75e495 100755
--- a/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh
+++ b/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh
@@ -141,14 +141,14 @@ test_expect_success 'GIT_PREFIX for !alias' '
 test_expect_success 'GIT_PREFIX for built-ins' '
 	# Use GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF to test that the "diff" built-in
 	# receives the GIT_PREFIX variable.
-	printf "dir/" >expect &&
-	printf "#!/bin/sh\n" >diff &&
-	printf "printf \"\$GIT_PREFIX\"" >>diff &&
-	chmod +x diff &&
+	echo "dir/" >expect &&
+	write_script diff <<-\EOF &&
+	printf "%s\n" "$GIT_PREFIX"
+	EOF
 	(
 		cd dir &&
-		printf "change" >two &&
-		GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF=./diff git diff >../actual
+		echo "change" >two &&
+		GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF=./diff git diff >../actual &&
 		git checkout -- two
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
@@ -162,16 +162,20 @@ test_expect_success 'no file/rev ambiguity check inside .git' '
 	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'no file/rev ambiguity check inside a bare repo' '
+test_expect_success 'no file/rev ambiguity check inside a bare repo (explicit GIT_DIR)' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr foo.git" &&
 	git clone -s --bare .git foo.git &&
 	(
 		cd foo.git &&
+		# older Git needed help by exporting GIT_DIR=.
+		# to realize that it is inside a bare repository.
+		# We keep this test around for regression testing.
 		GIT_DIR=. git show -s HEAD
 	)
 '
 
-# This still does not work as it should...
-: test_expect_success 'no file/rev ambiguity check inside a bare repo' '
+test_expect_success 'no file/rev ambiguity check inside a bare repo' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr foo.git" &&
 	git clone -s --bare .git foo.git &&
 	(
 		cd foo.git &&
@@ -180,7 +184,6 @@ test_expect_success 'no file/rev ambiguity check inside a bare repo' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'detection should not be fooled by a symlink' '
-	rm -fr foo.git &&
 	git clone -s .git another &&
 	ln -s another yetanother &&
 	(
diff --git a/t/t1050-large.sh b/t/t1050-large.sh
index f9f3d1391f..1a9b21b293 100755
--- a/t/t1050-large.sh
+++ b/t/t1050-large.sh
@@ -5,6 +5,12 @@ test_description='adding and checking out large blobs'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+# This should be moved to test-lib.sh together with the
+# copy in t0021 after both topics have graduated to 'master'.
+file_size () {
+	perl -e 'print -s $ARGV[0]' "$1"
+}
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 	# clone does not allow us to pass core.bigfilethreshold to
 	# new repos, so set core.bigfilethreshold globally
@@ -17,6 +23,29 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	export GIT_ALLOC_LIMIT
 '
 
+# add a large file with different settings
+while read expect config
+do
+	test_expect_success "add with $config" '
+		test_when_finished "rm -f .git/objects/pack/pack-*.* .git/index" &&
+		git $config add large1 &&
+		sz=$(file_size .git/objects/pack/pack-*.pack) &&
+		case "$expect" in
+		small) test "$sz" -le 100000 ;;
+		large) test "$sz" -ge 100000 ;;
+		esac
+	'
+done <<\EOF
+large -c core.compression=0
+small -c core.compression=9
+large -c core.compression=0 -c pack.compression=0
+large -c core.compression=9 -c pack.compression=0
+small -c core.compression=0 -c pack.compression=9
+small -c core.compression=9 -c pack.compression=9
+large -c pack.compression=0
+small -c pack.compression=9
+EOF
+
 test_expect_success 'add a large file or two' '
 	git add large1 huge large2 &&
 	# make sure we got a single packfile and no loose objects
@@ -74,12 +103,12 @@ test_expect_success 'packsize limit' '
 		# mid1 and mid2 will fit within 256k limit but
 		# appending mid3 will bust the limit and will
 		# result in a separate packfile.
-		test-genrandom "a" $(( 66 * 1024 )) >mid1 &&
-		test-genrandom "b" $(( 80 * 1024 )) >mid2 &&
-		test-genrandom "c" $(( 128 * 1024 )) >mid3 &&
+		test-tool genrandom "a" $(( 66 * 1024 )) >mid1 &&
+		test-tool genrandom "b" $(( 80 * 1024 )) >mid2 &&
+		test-tool genrandom "c" $(( 128 * 1024 )) >mid3 &&
 		git add mid1 mid2 mid3 &&
 
-		count=0
+		count=0 &&
 		for pi in .git/objects/pack/pack-*.idx
 		do
 			test -f "$pi" && count=$(( $count + 1 ))
@@ -87,8 +116,8 @@ test_expect_success 'packsize limit' '
 		test $count = 2 &&
 
 		(
-			git hash-object --stdin <mid1
-			git hash-object --stdin <mid2
+			git hash-object --stdin <mid1 &&
+			git hash-object --stdin <mid2 &&
 			git hash-object --stdin <mid3
 		) |
 		sort >expect &&
@@ -177,10 +206,9 @@ test_expect_success 'zip achiving, deflate' '
 	git archive --format=zip HEAD >/dev/null
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'fsck' '
-	test_must_fail git fsck 2>err &&
-	n=$(grep "error: attempting to allocate .* over limit" err | wc -l) &&
-	test "$n" -gt 1
+test_expect_success 'fsck large blobs' '
+	git fsck 2>err &&
+	test_must_be_empty err
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1060-object-corruption.sh b/t/t1060-object-corruption.sh
index 3f8705139d..ac1f189fd2 100755
--- a/t/t1060-object-corruption.sh
+++ b/t/t1060-object-corruption.sh
@@ -21,6 +21,14 @@ test_expect_success 'setup corrupt repo' '
 		cd bit-error &&
 		test_commit content &&
 		corrupt_byte HEAD:content.t 10
+	) &&
+	git init no-bit-error &&
+	(
+		# distinct commit from bit-error, but containing a
+		# non-corrupted version of the same blob
+		cd no-bit-error &&
+		test_tick &&
+		test_commit content
 	)
 '
 
@@ -53,6 +61,13 @@ test_expect_success 'streaming a corrupt blob fails' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'getting type of a corrupt blob fails' '
+	(
+		cd bit-error &&
+		test_must_fail git cat-file -s HEAD:content.t
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'read-tree -u detects bit-errors in blobs' '
 	(
 		cd bit-error &&
@@ -101,4 +116,13 @@ test_expect_failure 'clone --local detects misnamed objects' '
 	test_must_fail git clone --local misnamed misnamed-checkout
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'fetch into corrupted repo with index-pack' '
+	(
+		cd bit-error &&
+		test_must_fail git -c transfer.unpackLimit=1 \
+			fetch ../no-bit-error 2>stderr &&
+		test_i18ngrep ! -i collision stderr
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1090-sparse-checkout-scope.sh b/t/t1090-sparse-checkout-scope.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1f61eb3e88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1090-sparse-checkout-scope.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='sparse checkout scope tests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo "initial" >a &&
+	echo "initial" >b &&
+	echo "initial" >c &&
+	git add a b c &&
+	git commit -m "initial commit"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create feature branch' '
+	git checkout -b feature &&
+	echo "modified" >b &&
+	echo "modified" >c &&
+	git add b c &&
+	git commit -m "modification"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'perform sparse checkout of master' '
+	git config --local --bool core.sparsecheckout true &&
+	echo "!/*" >.git/info/sparse-checkout &&
+	echo "/a" >>.git/info/sparse-checkout &&
+	echo "/c" >>.git/info/sparse-checkout &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_path_is_file a &&
+	test_path_is_missing b &&
+	test_path_is_file c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge feature branch into sparse checkout of master' '
+	git merge feature &&
+	test_path_is_file a &&
+	test_path_is_missing b &&
+	test_path_is_file c &&
+	test "$(cat c)" = "modified"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'return to full checkout of master' '
+	git checkout feature &&
+	echo "/*" >.git/info/sparse-checkout &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_path_is_file a &&
+	test_path_is_file b &&
+	test_path_is_file c &&
+	test "$(cat b)" = "modified"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1100-commit-tree-options.sh b/t/t1100-commit-tree-options.sh
index f8457f9d14..ae66ba5bab 100755
--- a/t/t1100-commit-tree-options.sh
+++ b/t/t1100-commit-tree-options.sh
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Also make sure that command line parser understands the normal
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
-tree 4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904
+tree $EMPTY_TREE
 author Author Name <author@email> 1117148400 +0000
 committer Committer Name <committer@email> 1117150200 +0000
 
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@ test_expect_success \
      GIT_COMMITTER_NAME="Committer Name" \
      GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL="committer@email" \
      GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" \
-     TZ=GMT git commit-tree `cat treeid` >commitid 2>/dev/null'
+     TZ=GMT git commit-tree $(cat treeid) >commitid 2>/dev/null'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'read commit' \
-    'git cat-file commit `cat commitid` >commit'
+    'git cat-file commit $(cat commitid) >commit'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'compare commit' \
diff --git a/t/t1200-tutorial.sh b/t/t1200-tutorial.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 397ccb6909..0000000000
--- a/t/t1200-tutorial.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,268 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2005 Johannes Schindelin
-#
-
-test_description='A simple turial in the form of a test case'
-
-. ./test-lib.sh
-
-test_expect_success 'blob'  '
-	echo "Hello World" > hello &&
-	echo "Silly example" > example &&
-
-	git update-index --add hello example &&
-
-	test blob = "$(git cat-file -t 557db03)"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'blob 557db03' '
-	test "Hello World" = "$(git cat-file blob 557db03)"
-'
-
-echo "It's a new day for git" >>hello
-cat > diff.expect << EOF
-diff --git a/hello b/hello
-index 557db03..263414f 100644
---- a/hello
-+++ b/hello
-@@ -1 +1,2 @@
- Hello World
-+It's a new day for git
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'git diff-files -p' '
-	git diff-files -p > diff.output &&
-	test_cmp diff.expect diff.output
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git diff' '
-	git diff > diff.output &&
-	test_cmp diff.expect diff.output
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'tree' '
-	tree=$(git write-tree 2>/dev/null) &&
-	test 8988da15d077d4829fc51d8544c097def6644dbb = $tree
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git diff-index -p HEAD' '
-	test_tick &&
-	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
-	commit=$(echo "Initial commit" | git commit-tree $tree) &&
-	git update-ref HEAD $commit &&
-	git diff-index -p HEAD > diff.output &&
-	test_cmp diff.expect diff.output
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git diff HEAD' '
-	git diff HEAD > diff.output &&
-	test_cmp diff.expect diff.output
-'
-
-cat > whatchanged.expect << EOF
-commit VARIABLE
-Author: VARIABLE
-Date:   VARIABLE
-
-    Initial commit
-
-diff --git a/example b/example
-new file mode 100644
-index 0000000..f24c74a
---- /dev/null
-+++ b/example
-@@ -0,0 +1 @@
-+Silly example
-diff --git a/hello b/hello
-new file mode 100644
-index 0000000..557db03
---- /dev/null
-+++ b/hello
-@@ -0,0 +1 @@
-+Hello World
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'git whatchanged -p --root' '
-	git whatchanged -p --root |
-		sed -e "1s/^\(.\{7\}\).\{40\}/\1VARIABLE/" \
-		-e "2,3s/^\(.\{8\}\).*$/\1VARIABLE/" \
-	> whatchanged.output &&
-	test_cmp whatchanged.expect whatchanged.output
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git tag my-first-tag' '
-	git tag my-first-tag &&
-	test_cmp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/tags/my-first-tag
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git checkout -b mybranch' '
-	git checkout -b mybranch &&
-	test_cmp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/mybranch
-'
-
-cat > branch.expect <<EOF
-  master
-* mybranch
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'git branch' '
-	git branch > branch.output &&
-	test_cmp branch.expect branch.output
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git resolve now fails' '
-	git checkout mybranch &&
-	echo "Work, work, work" >>hello &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m "Some work." -i hello &&
-
-	git checkout master &&
-
-	echo "Play, play, play" >>hello &&
-	echo "Lots of fun" >>example &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m "Some fun." -i hello example &&
-
-	test_must_fail git merge -m "Merge work in mybranch" mybranch
-'
-
-cat > hello << EOF
-Hello World
-It's a new day for git
-Play, play, play
-Work, work, work
-EOF
-
-cat > show-branch.expect << EOF
-* [master] Merge work in mybranch
- ! [mybranch] Some work.
---
--  [master] Merge work in mybranch
-*+ [mybranch] Some work.
-*  [master^] Some fun.
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'git show-branch' '
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m "Merge work in mybranch" -i hello &&
-	git show-branch --topo-order --more=1 master mybranch \
-		> show-branch.output &&
-	test_cmp show-branch.expect show-branch.output
-'
-
-cat > resolve.expect << EOF
-Updating VARIABLE..VARIABLE
-FASTFORWARD (no commit created; -m option ignored)
- example | 1 +
- hello   | 1 +
- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+)
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'git resolve' '
-	git checkout mybranch &&
-	git merge -m "Merge upstream changes." master |
-		sed -e "1s/[0-9a-f]\{7\}/VARIABLE/g" \
-		-e "s/^Fast[- ]forward /FASTFORWARD /" >resolve.output
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git resolve output' '
-	test_i18ncmp resolve.expect resolve.output
-'
-
-cat > show-branch2.expect << EOF
-! [master] Merge work in mybranch
- * [mybranch] Merge work in mybranch
---
--- [master] Merge work in mybranch
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'git show-branch (part 2)' '
-	git show-branch --topo-order master mybranch > show-branch2.output &&
-	test_cmp show-branch2.expect show-branch2.output
-'
-
-cat > show-branch3.expect << EOF
-! [master] Merge work in mybranch
- * [mybranch] Merge work in mybranch
---
--- [master] Merge work in mybranch
-+* [master^2] Some work.
-+* [master^] Some fun.
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'git show-branch (part 3)' '
-	git show-branch --topo-order --more=2 master mybranch \
-		> show-branch3.output &&
-	test_cmp show-branch3.expect show-branch3.output
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'rewind to "Some fun." and "Some work."' '
-	git checkout mybranch &&
-	git reset --hard master^2 &&
-	git checkout master &&
-	git reset --hard master^
-'
-
-cat > show-branch4.expect << EOF
-* [master] Some fun.
- ! [mybranch] Some work.
---
-*  [master] Some fun.
- + [mybranch] Some work.
-*+ [master^] Initial commit
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'git show-branch (part 4)' '
-	git show-branch --topo-order > show-branch4.output &&
-	test_cmp show-branch4.expect show-branch4.output
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'manual merge' '
-	mb=$(git merge-base HEAD mybranch) &&
-	git name-rev --name-only --tags $mb > name-rev.output &&
-	test "my-first-tag" = $(cat name-rev.output) &&
-
-	git read-tree -m -u $mb HEAD mybranch
-'
-
-cat > ls-files.expect << EOF
-100644 7f8b141b65fdcee47321e399a2598a235a032422 0	example
-100644 557db03de997c86a4a028e1ebd3a1ceb225be238 1	hello
-100644 ba42a2a96e3027f3333e13ede4ccf4498c3ae942 2	hello
-100644 cc44c73eb783565da5831b4d820c962954019b69 3	hello
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'git ls-files --stage' '
-	git ls-files --stage > ls-files.output &&
-	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.output
-'
-
-cat > ls-files-unmerged.expect << EOF
-100644 557db03de997c86a4a028e1ebd3a1ceb225be238 1	hello
-100644 ba42a2a96e3027f3333e13ede4ccf4498c3ae942 2	hello
-100644 cc44c73eb783565da5831b4d820c962954019b69 3	hello
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'git ls-files --unmerged' '
-	git ls-files --unmerged > ls-files-unmerged.output &&
-	test_cmp ls-files-unmerged.expect ls-files-unmerged.output
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git-merge-index' '
-	test_must_fail git merge-index git-merge-one-file hello
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git ls-files --stage (part 2)' '
-	git ls-files --stage > ls-files.output2 &&
-	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.output2
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git repack' 'git repack'
-test_expect_success 'git prune-packed' 'git prune-packed'
-test_expect_success '-> only packed objects' '
-	git prune && # Remove conflict marked blobs
-	test $(find .git/objects/[0-9a-f][0-9a-f] -type f -print 2>/dev/null | wc -l) = 0
-'
-
-test_done
diff --git a/t/t1300-repo-config.sh b/t/t1300-config.sh
index 66dd28644f..cdf1fed5d1 100755
--- a/t/t1300-repo-config.sh
+++ b/t/t1300-config.sh
@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ bar = foo
 [beta]
 baz = multiple \
 lines
+foo = bar
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'unset with cont. lines' '
@@ -118,6 +119,7 @@ cat > expect <<\EOF
 [alpha]
 bar = foo
 [beta]
+foo = bar
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'unset with cont. lines is correct' 'test_cmp expect .git/config'
@@ -344,11 +346,20 @@ test_expect_success 'working --list' '
 	git config --list > output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
+test_expect_success '--list without repo produces empty output' '
+	git --git-dir=nonexistent config --list >output &&
+	test_must_be_empty output
+'
+
 cat > expect << EOF
+beta.noindent
+nextsection.nonewline
+123456.a123
+version.1.2.3eX.alpha
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success '--list without repo produces empty output' '
-	git --git-dir=nonexistent config --list >output &&
+test_expect_success '--name-only --list' '
+	git config --name-only --list >output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
@@ -363,6 +374,16 @@ test_expect_success '--get-regexp' '
 '
 
 cat > expect << EOF
+beta.noindent
+nextsection.nonewline
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--name-only --get-regexp' '
+	git config --name-only --get-regexp in >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
 wow2 for me
 wow4 for you
 EOF
@@ -677,11 +698,19 @@ test_expect_success 'invalid unit' '
 	echo 1auto >expect &&
 	git config aninvalid.unit >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	fatal: bad numeric config value '\''1auto'\'' for '\''aninvalid.unit'\'' in .git/config: invalid unit
-	EOF
 	test_must_fail git config --int --get aninvalid.unit 2>actual &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+	test_i18ngrep "bad numeric config value .1auto. for .aninvalid.unit. in file .git/config: invalid unit" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'line number is reported correctly' '
+	printf "[bool]\n\tvar\n" >invalid &&
+	test_must_fail git config -f invalid --path bool.var 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "line 2" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'invalid stdin config' '
+	echo "[broken" | test_must_fail git config --list --file - >output 2>&1 &&
+	test_i18ngrep "bad config line 1 in standard input" output
 '
 
 cat > expect << EOF
@@ -710,7 +739,7 @@ test_expect_success bool '
 	do
 	    git config --bool --get bool.true$i >>result
 	    git config --bool --get bool.false$i >>result
-        done &&
+	done &&
 	test_cmp expect result'
 
 test_expect_success 'invalid bool (--get)' '
@@ -856,13 +885,13 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success !MINGW 'get --path copes with unset $HOME' '
 	(
-		unset HOME;
+		sane_unset HOME &&
 		test_must_fail git config --get --path path.home \
 			>result 2>msg &&
 		git config --get --path path.normal >>result &&
 		git config --get --path path.trailingtilde >>result
 	) &&
-	grep "[Ff]ailed to expand.*~/" msg &&
+	test_i18ngrep "[Ff]ailed to expand.*~/" msg &&
 	test_cmp expect result
 '
 
@@ -871,6 +900,66 @@ test_expect_success 'get --path barfs on boolean variable' '
 	test_must_fail git config --get --path path.bool
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'get --expiry-date' '
+	rel="3.weeks.5.days.00:00" &&
+	rel_out="$rel ->" &&
+	cat >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
+	[date]
+	valid1 = "3.weeks.5.days 00:00"
+	valid2 = "Fri Jun 4 15:46:55 2010"
+	valid3 = "2017/11/11 11:11:11PM"
+	valid4 = "2017/11/10 09:08:07 PM"
+	valid5 = "never"
+	invalid1 = "abc"
+	EOF
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$(test-tool date timestamp $rel)
+	1275666415
+	1510441871
+	1510348087
+	0
+	EOF
+	{
+		echo "$rel_out $(git config --expiry-date date.valid1)"
+		git config --expiry-date date.valid2 &&
+		git config --expiry-date date.valid3 &&
+		git config --expiry-date date.valid4 &&
+		git config --expiry-date date.valid5
+	} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_fail git config --expiry-date date.invalid1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'get --type=color' '
+	rm .git/config &&
+	git config foo.color "red" &&
+	git config --get --type=color foo.color >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	echo "<RED>" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect << EOF
+[foo]
+	color = red
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'set --type=color' '
+	rm .git/config &&
+	git config --type=color foo.color "red" &&
+	test_cmp expect .git/config
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'get --type=color barfs on non-color' '
+	echo "[foo]bar=not-a-color" >.git/config &&
+	test_must_fail git config --get --type=color foo.bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set --type=color barfs on non-color' '
+	test_must_fail git config --type=color foo.color "not-a-color" 2>error &&
+	test_i18ngrep "cannot parse color" error
+'
+
 cat > expect << EOF
 [quote]
 	leading = " test"
@@ -935,13 +1024,15 @@ Qsection.sub=section.val4
 Qsection.sub=section.val5Q
 EOF
 test_expect_success '--null --list' '
-	git config --null --list | nul_to_q >result &&
+	git config --null --list >result.raw &&
+	nul_to_q <result.raw >result &&
 	echo >>result &&
 	test_cmp expect result
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--null --get-regexp' '
-	git config --null --get-regexp "val[0-9]" | nul_to_q >result &&
+	git config --null --get-regexp "val[0-9]" >result.raw &&
+	nul_to_q <result.raw >result &&
 	echo >>result &&
 	test_cmp expect result
 '
@@ -1043,6 +1134,13 @@ test_expect_success 'git -c works with aliases of builtins' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'aliases can be CamelCased' '
+	test_config alias.CamelCased "rev-parse HEAD" &&
+	git CamelCased >out &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect out
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'git -c does not split values on equals' '
 	echo "value with = in it" >expect &&
 	git -c core.foo="value with = in it" config core.foo >actual &&
@@ -1061,6 +1159,192 @@ test_expect_success 'git -c complains about empty key and value' '
 	test_must_fail git -c "" rev-parse
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'multiple git -c appends config' '
+	test_config alias.x "!git -c x.two=2 config --get-regexp ^x\.*" &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	x.one 1
+	x.two 2
+	EOF
+	git -c x.one=1 x >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'last one wins: two level vars' '
+
+	# sec.var and sec.VAR are the same variable, as the first
+	# and the last level of a configuration variable name is
+	# case insensitive.
+
+	echo VAL >expect &&
+
+	git -c sec.var=val -c sec.VAR=VAL config --get sec.var >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -c SEC.var=val -c sec.var=VAL config --get sec.var >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git -c sec.var=val -c sec.VAR=VAL config --get SEC.var >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -c SEC.var=val -c sec.var=VAL config --get sec.VAR >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'last one wins: three level vars' '
+
+	# v.a.r and v.A.r are not the same variable, as the middle
+	# level of a three-level configuration variable name is
+	# case sensitive.
+
+	echo val >expect &&
+	git -c v.a.r=val -c v.A.r=VAL config --get v.a.r >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -c v.a.r=val -c v.A.r=VAL config --get V.a.R >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# v.a.r and V.a.R are the same variable, as the first
+	# and the last level of a configuration variable name is
+	# case insensitive.
+
+	echo VAL >expect &&
+	git -c v.a.r=val -c v.a.R=VAL config --get v.a.r >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -c v.a.r=val -c V.a.r=VAL config --get v.a.r >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -c v.a.r=val -c v.a.R=VAL config --get V.a.R >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -c v.a.r=val -c V.a.r=VAL config --get V.a.R >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'old-fashioned settings are case insensitive' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f testConfig testConfig_expect testConfig_actual" &&
+
+	cat >testConfig_actual <<-EOF &&
+		[V.A]
+		r = value1
+	EOF
+	q_to_tab >testConfig_expect <<-EOF &&
+		[V.A]
+		Qr = value2
+	EOF
+	git config -f testConfig_actual "v.a.r" value2 &&
+	test_cmp testConfig_expect testConfig_actual &&
+
+	cat >testConfig_actual <<-EOF &&
+		[V.A]
+		r = value1
+	EOF
+	q_to_tab >testConfig_expect <<-EOF &&
+		[V.A]
+		QR = value2
+	EOF
+	git config -f testConfig_actual "V.a.R" value2 &&
+	test_cmp testConfig_expect testConfig_actual &&
+
+	cat >testConfig_actual <<-EOF &&
+		[V.A]
+		r = value1
+	EOF
+	q_to_tab >testConfig_expect <<-EOF &&
+		[V.A]
+		r = value1
+		Qr = value2
+	EOF
+	git config -f testConfig_actual "V.A.r" value2 &&
+	test_cmp testConfig_expect testConfig_actual &&
+
+	cat >testConfig_actual <<-EOF &&
+		[V.A]
+		r = value1
+	EOF
+	q_to_tab >testConfig_expect <<-EOF &&
+		[V.A]
+		r = value1
+		Qr = value2
+	EOF
+	git config -f testConfig_actual "v.A.r" value2 &&
+	test_cmp testConfig_expect testConfig_actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setting different case sensitive subsections ' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f testConfig testConfig_expect testConfig_actual" &&
+
+	cat >testConfig_actual <<-EOF &&
+		[V "A"]
+		R = v1
+		[K "E"]
+		Y = v1
+		[a "b"]
+		c = v1
+		[d "e"]
+		f = v1
+	EOF
+	q_to_tab >testConfig_expect <<-EOF &&
+		[V "A"]
+		Qr = v2
+		[K "E"]
+		Qy = v2
+		[a "b"]
+		Qc = v2
+		[d "e"]
+		f = v1
+		[d "E"]
+		Qf = v2
+	EOF
+	# exact match
+	git config -f testConfig_actual a.b.c v2 &&
+	# match section and subsection, key is cased differently.
+	git config -f testConfig_actual K.E.y v2 &&
+	# section and key are matched case insensitive, but subsection needs
+	# to match; When writing out new values only the key is adjusted
+	git config -f testConfig_actual v.A.r v2 &&
+	# subsection is not matched:
+	git config -f testConfig_actual d.E.f v2 &&
+	test_cmp testConfig_expect testConfig_actual
+'
+
+for VAR in a .a a. a.0b a."b c". a."b c".0d
+do
+	test_expect_success "git -c $VAR=VAL rejects invalid '$VAR'" '
+		test_must_fail git -c "$VAR=VAL" config -l
+	'
+done
+
+for VAR in a.b a."b c".d
+do
+	test_expect_success "git -c $VAR=VAL works with valid '$VAR'" '
+		echo VAL >expect &&
+		git -c "$VAR=VAL" config --get "$VAR" >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+done
+
+test_expect_success 'git -c is not confused by empty environment' '
+	GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS="" git -c x.one=1 config --list
+'
+
+sq="'"
+test_expect_success 'detect bogus GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	env.one one
+	env.two two
+	EOF
+	GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS="${sq}env.one=one${sq} ${sq}env.two=two${sq}" \
+		git config --get-regexp "env.*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	env.one one${sq}
+	env.two two
+	EOF
+	GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS="${sq}env.one=one${sq}\\$sq$sq$sq ${sq}env.two=two${sq}" \
+		git config --get-regexp "env.*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	test_must_fail env \
+		GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS="${sq}env.one=one${sq}\\$sq ${sq}env.two=two${sq}" \
+		git config --get-regexp "env.*"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'git config --edit works' '
 	git config -f tmp test.value no &&
 	echo test.value=yes >expect &&
@@ -1086,7 +1370,7 @@ test_expect_success 'barf on syntax error' '
 	key garbage
 	EOF
 	test_must_fail git config --get section.key >actual 2>error &&
-	grep " line 3 " error
+	test_i18ngrep " line 3 " error
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'barf on incomplete section header' '
@@ -1096,7 +1380,7 @@ test_expect_success 'barf on incomplete section header' '
 	key = value
 	EOF
 	test_must_fail git config --get section.key >actual 2>error &&
-	grep " line 2 " error
+	test_i18ngrep " line 2 " error
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'barf on incomplete string' '
@@ -1106,7 +1390,7 @@ test_expect_success 'barf on incomplete string' '
 	key = "value string
 	EOF
 	test_must_fail git config --get section.key >actual 2>error &&
-	grep " line 3 " error
+	test_i18ngrep " line 3 " error
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'urlmatch' '
@@ -1118,6 +1402,9 @@ test_expect_success 'urlmatch' '
 		cookieFile = /tmp/cookie.txt
 	EOF
 
+	test_expect_code 1 git config --bool --get-urlmatch doesnt.exist https://good.example.com >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
+
 	echo true >expect &&
 	git config --bool --get-urlmatch http.SSLverify https://good.example.com >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
@@ -1134,8 +1421,113 @@ test_expect_success 'urlmatch' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'urlmatch favors more specific URLs' '
+	cat >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
+	[http "https://example.com/"]
+		cookieFile = /tmp/root.txt
+	[http "https://example.com/subdirectory"]
+		cookieFile = /tmp/subdirectory.txt
+	[http "https://user@example.com/"]
+		cookieFile = /tmp/user.txt
+	[http "https://averylonguser@example.com/"]
+		cookieFile = /tmp/averylonguser.txt
+	[http "https://preceding.example.com"]
+		cookieFile = /tmp/preceding.txt
+	[http "https://*.example.com"]
+		cookieFile = /tmp/wildcard.txt
+	[http "https://*.example.com/wildcardwithsubdomain"]
+		cookieFile = /tmp/wildcardwithsubdomain.txt
+	[http "https://trailing.example.com"]
+		cookieFile = /tmp/trailing.txt
+	[http "https://user@*.example.com/"]
+		cookieFile = /tmp/wildcardwithuser.txt
+	[http "https://sub.example.com/"]
+		cookieFile = /tmp/sub.txt
+	EOF
+
+	echo http.cookiefile /tmp/root.txt >expect &&
+	git config --get-urlmatch HTTP https://example.com >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo http.cookiefile /tmp/subdirectory.txt >expect &&
+	git config --get-urlmatch HTTP https://example.com/subdirectory >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo http.cookiefile /tmp/subdirectory.txt >expect &&
+	git config --get-urlmatch HTTP https://example.com/subdirectory/nested >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo http.cookiefile /tmp/user.txt >expect &&
+	git config --get-urlmatch HTTP https://user@example.com/ >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo http.cookiefile /tmp/subdirectory.txt >expect &&
+	git config --get-urlmatch HTTP https://averylonguser@example.com/subdirectory >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo http.cookiefile /tmp/preceding.txt >expect &&
+	git config --get-urlmatch HTTP https://preceding.example.com >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo http.cookiefile /tmp/wildcard.txt >expect &&
+	git config --get-urlmatch HTTP https://wildcard.example.com >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo http.cookiefile /tmp/sub.txt >expect &&
+	git config --get-urlmatch HTTP https://sub.example.com/wildcardwithsubdomain >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo http.cookiefile /tmp/trailing.txt >expect &&
+	git config --get-urlmatch HTTP https://trailing.example.com >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo http.cookiefile /tmp/sub.txt >expect &&
+	git config --get-urlmatch HTTP https://user@sub.example.com >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'urlmatch with wildcard' '
+	cat >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
+	[http]
+		sslVerify
+	[http "https://*.example.com"]
+		sslVerify = false
+		cookieFile = /tmp/cookie.txt
+	EOF
+
+	test_expect_code 1 git config --bool --get-urlmatch doesnt.exist https://good.example.com >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
+
+	echo true >expect &&
+	git config --bool --get-urlmatch http.SSLverify https://example.com >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo true >expect &&
+	git config --bool --get-urlmatch http.SSLverify https://good-example.com >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo true >expect &&
+	git config --bool --get-urlmatch http.sslverify https://deep.nested.example.com >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo false >expect &&
+	git config --bool --get-urlmatch http.sslverify https://good.example.com >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	{
+		echo http.cookiefile /tmp/cookie.txt &&
+		echo http.sslverify false
+	} >expect &&
+	git config --get-urlmatch HTTP https://good.example.com >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo http.sslverify >expect &&
+	git config --get-urlmatch HTTP https://more.example.com.au >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 # good section hygiene
-test_expect_failure 'unsetting the last key in a section removes header' '
+test_expect_success '--unset last key removes section (except if commented)' '
 	cat >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
 	# some generic comment on the configuration file itself
 	# a comment specific to this "section" section.
@@ -1149,13 +1541,86 @@ test_expect_failure 'unsetting the last key in a section removes header' '
 
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	# some generic comment on the configuration file itself
+	# a comment specific to this "section" section.
+	[section]
+	# some intervening lines
+	# that should also be dropped
+
+	# please be careful when you update the above variable
 	EOF
 
 	git config --unset section.key &&
-	test_cmp expect .git/config
+	test_cmp expect .git/config &&
+
+	cat >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
+	[section]
+	key = value
+	[next-section]
+	EOF
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	[next-section]
+	EOF
+
+	git config --unset section.key &&
+	test_cmp expect .git/config &&
+
+	q_to_tab >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
+	[one]
+	Qkey = "multiline \
+	QQ# with comment"
+	[two]
+	key = true
+	EOF
+	git config --unset two.key &&
+	! grep two .git/config &&
+
+	q_to_tab >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
+	[one]
+	Qkey = "multiline \
+	QQ# with comment"
+	[one]
+	key = true
+	EOF
+	git config --unset-all one.key &&
+	test_line_count = 0 .git/config &&
+
+	q_to_tab >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
+	[one]
+	Qkey = true
+	Q# a comment not at the start
+	[two]
+	Qkey = true
+	EOF
+	git config --unset two.key &&
+	grep two .git/config &&
+
+	q_to_tab >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
+	[one]
+	Qkey = not [two "subsection"]
+	[two "subsection"]
+	[two "subsection"]
+	Qkey = true
+	[TWO "subsection"]
+	[one]
+	EOF
+	git config --unset two.subsection.key &&
+	test "not [two subsection]" = "$(git config one.key)" &&
+	test_line_count = 3 .git/config
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'adding a key into an empty section reuses header' '
+test_expect_success '--unset-all removes section if empty & uncommented' '
+	cat >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
+	[section]
+	key = value1
+	key = value2
+	EOF
+
+	git config --unset-all section.key &&
+	test_line_count = 0 .git/config
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'adding a key into an empty section reuses header' '
 	cat >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
 	[section]
 	EOF
@@ -1179,4 +1644,244 @@ test_expect_success POSIXPERM,PERL 'preserves existing permissions' '
 	  "die q(badrename) if ((stat(q(.git/config)))[2] & 07777) != 0600"
 '
 
+! test_have_prereq MINGW ||
+HOME="$(pwd)" # convert to Windows path
+
+test_expect_success 'set up --show-origin tests' '
+	INCLUDE_DIR="$HOME/include" &&
+	mkdir -p "$INCLUDE_DIR" &&
+	cat >"$INCLUDE_DIR"/absolute.include <<-\EOF &&
+		[user]
+			absolute = include
+	EOF
+	cat >"$INCLUDE_DIR"/relative.include <<-\EOF &&
+		[user]
+			relative = include
+	EOF
+	cat >"$HOME"/.gitconfig <<-EOF &&
+		[user]
+			global = true
+			override = global
+		[include]
+			path = "$INCLUDE_DIR/absolute.include"
+	EOF
+	cat >.git/config <<-\EOF
+		[user]
+			local = true
+			override = local
+		[include]
+			path = ../include/relative.include
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--show-origin with --list' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		file:$HOME/.gitconfig	user.global=true
+		file:$HOME/.gitconfig	user.override=global
+		file:$HOME/.gitconfig	include.path=$INCLUDE_DIR/absolute.include
+		file:$INCLUDE_DIR/absolute.include	user.absolute=include
+		file:.git/config	user.local=true
+		file:.git/config	user.override=local
+		file:.git/config	include.path=../include/relative.include
+		file:.git/../include/relative.include	user.relative=include
+		command line:	user.cmdline=true
+	EOF
+	git -c user.cmdline=true config --list --show-origin >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--show-origin with --list --null' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		file:$HOME/.gitconfigQuser.global
+		trueQfile:$HOME/.gitconfigQuser.override
+		globalQfile:$HOME/.gitconfigQinclude.path
+		$INCLUDE_DIR/absolute.includeQfile:$INCLUDE_DIR/absolute.includeQuser.absolute
+		includeQfile:.git/configQuser.local
+		trueQfile:.git/configQuser.override
+		localQfile:.git/configQinclude.path
+		../include/relative.includeQfile:.git/../include/relative.includeQuser.relative
+		includeQcommand line:Quser.cmdline
+		trueQ
+	EOF
+	git -c user.cmdline=true config --null --list --show-origin >output.raw &&
+	nul_to_q <output.raw >output &&
+	# The here-doc above adds a newline that the --null output would not
+	# include. Add it here to make the two comparable.
+	echo >>output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--show-origin with single file' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		file:.git/config	user.local=true
+		file:.git/config	user.override=local
+		file:.git/config	include.path=../include/relative.include
+	EOF
+	git config --local --list --show-origin >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--show-origin with --get-regexp' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		file:$HOME/.gitconfig	user.global true
+		file:.git/config	user.local true
+	EOF
+	git config --show-origin --get-regexp "user\.[g|l].*" >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--show-origin getting a single key' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		file:.git/config	local
+	EOF
+	git config --show-origin user.override >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up custom config file' '
+	CUSTOM_CONFIG_FILE="file\" (dq) and spaces.conf" &&
+	cat >"$CUSTOM_CONFIG_FILE" <<-\EOF
+		[user]
+			custom = true
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success !MINGW '--show-origin escape special file name characters' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		file:"file\" (dq) and spaces.conf"	user.custom=true
+	EOF
+	git config --file "$CUSTOM_CONFIG_FILE" --show-origin --list >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--show-origin stdin' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		standard input:	user.custom=true
+	EOF
+	git config --file - --show-origin --list <"$CUSTOM_CONFIG_FILE" >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--show-origin stdin with file include' '
+	cat >"$INCLUDE_DIR"/stdin.include <<-EOF &&
+		[user]
+			stdin = include
+	EOF
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		file:$INCLUDE_DIR/stdin.include	include
+	EOF
+	echo "[include]path=\"$INCLUDE_DIR\"/stdin.include" \
+		| git config --show-origin --includes --file - user.stdin >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success !MINGW '--show-origin blob' '
+	blob=$(git hash-object -w "$CUSTOM_CONFIG_FILE") &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		blob:$blob	user.custom=true
+	EOF
+	git config --blob=$blob --show-origin --list >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success !MINGW '--show-origin blob ref' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		blob:"master:file\" (dq) and spaces.conf"	user.custom=true
+	EOF
+	git add "$CUSTOM_CONFIG_FILE" &&
+	git commit -m "new config file" &&
+	git config --blob=master:"$CUSTOM_CONFIG_FILE" --show-origin --list >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--local requires a repo' '
+	# we expect 128 to ensure that we do not simply
+	# fail to find anything and return code "1"
+	test_expect_code 128 nongit git config --local foo.bar
+'
+
+cat >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
+[core]
+foo = true
+number = 10
+big = 1M
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'identical modern --type specifiers are allowed' '
+	git config --type=int --type=int core.big >actual &&
+	echo 1048576 >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'identical legacy --type specifiers are allowed' '
+	git config --int --int core.big >actual &&
+	echo 1048576 >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'identical mixed --type specifiers are allowed' '
+	git config --int --type=int core.big >actual &&
+	echo 1048576 >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non-identical modern --type specifiers are not allowed' '
+	test_must_fail git config --type=int --type=bool core.big 2>error &&
+	test_i18ngrep "only one type at a time" error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non-identical legacy --type specifiers are not allowed' '
+	test_must_fail git config --int --bool core.big 2>error &&
+	test_i18ngrep "only one type at a time" error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non-identical mixed --type specifiers are not allowed' '
+	test_must_fail git config --type=int --bool core.big 2>error &&
+	test_i18ngrep "only one type at a time" error
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--type allows valid type specifiers' '
+	echo "true" >expect &&
+	git config --type=bool core.foo >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-type unsets type specifiers' '
+	echo "10" >expect &&
+	git config --type=bool --no-type core.number >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unset type specifiers may be reset to conflicting ones' '
+	echo 1048576 >expect &&
+	git config --type=bool --no-type --type=int core.big >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--type rejects unknown specifiers' '
+	test_must_fail git config --type=nonsense core.foo 2>error &&
+	test_i18ngrep "unrecognized --type argument" error
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--replace-all does not invent newlines' '
+	q_to_tab >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
+	[abc]key
+	QkeepSection
+	[xyz]
+	Qkey = 1
+	[abc]
+	Qkey = a
+	EOF
+	q_to_tab >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	[abc]
+	QkeepSection
+	[xyz]
+	Qkey = 1
+	[abc]
+	Qkey = b
+	EOF
+	git config --replace-all abc.key b &&
+	test_cmp .git/config expect
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1301-shared-repo.sh b/t/t1301-shared-repo.sh
index ac10875408..dfece751b5 100755
--- a/t/t1301-shared-repo.sh
+++ b/t/t1301-shared-repo.sh
@@ -19,10 +19,6 @@ test_expect_success 'shared = 0400 (faulty permission u-w)' '
 	)
 '
 
-modebits () {
-	ls -l "$1" | sed -e 's|^\(..........\).*|\1|'
-}
-
 for u in 002 022
 do
 	test_expect_success POSIXPERM "shared=1 does not clear bits preset by umask $u" '
@@ -88,7 +84,7 @@ do
 
 		rm -f .git/info/refs &&
 		git update-server-info &&
-		actual="$(modebits .git/info/refs)" &&
+		actual="$(test_modebits .git/info/refs)" &&
 		verbose test "x$actual" = "x-$y"
 
 	'
@@ -98,7 +94,7 @@ do
 
 		rm -f .git/info/refs &&
 		git update-server-info &&
-		actual="$(modebits .git/info/refs)" &&
+		actual="$(test_modebits .git/info/refs)" &&
 		verbose test "x$actual" = "x-$x"
 
 	'
@@ -111,7 +107,7 @@ test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'info/refs respects umask in unshared repo' '
 	umask 002 &&
 	git update-server-info &&
 	echo "-rw-rw-r--" >expect &&
-	modebits .git/info/refs >actual &&
+	test_modebits .git/info/refs >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -172,4 +168,45 @@ test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'forced modes' '
 	}" actual)"
 '
 
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'remote init does not use config from cwd' '
+	git config core.sharedrepository 0666 &&
+	umask 0022 &&
+	git init --bare child.git &&
+	echo "-rw-r--r--" >expect &&
+	test_modebits child.git/config >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 're-init respects core.sharedrepository (local)' '
+	git config core.sharedrepository 0666 &&
+	umask 0022 &&
+	echo whatever >templates/foo &&
+	git init --template=templates &&
+	echo "-rw-rw-rw-" >expect &&
+	test_modebits .git/foo >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 're-init respects core.sharedrepository (remote)' '
+	rm -rf child.git &&
+	umask 0022 &&
+	git init --bare --shared=0666 child.git &&
+	test_path_is_missing child.git/foo &&
+	git init --bare --template=../templates child.git &&
+	echo "-rw-rw-rw-" >expect &&
+	test_modebits child.git/foo >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'template can set core.sharedrepository' '
+	rm -rf child.git &&
+	umask 0022 &&
+	git config core.sharedrepository 0666 &&
+	cp .git/config templates/config &&
+	git init --bare --template=../templates child.git &&
+	echo "-rw-rw-rw-" >expect &&
+	test_modebits child.git/HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1302-repo-version.sh b/t/t1302-repo-version.sh
index 0d9388afc4..ce4cff13bb 100755
--- a/t/t1302-repo-version.sh
+++ b/t/t1302-repo-version.sh
@@ -25,46 +25,86 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 test_expect_success 'gitdir selection on normal repos' '
 	echo 0 >expect &&
 	git config core.repositoryformatversion >actual &&
-	(
-		cd test &&
-		git config core.repositoryformatversion >../actual2
-	) &&
+	git -C test config core.repositoryformatversion >actual2 &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'gitdir selection on unsupported repo' '
 	# Make sure it would stop at test2, not trash
-	echo 99 >expect &&
-	(
-		cd test2 &&
-		git config core.repositoryformatversion >../actual
-	) &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_expect_code 1 git -C test2 config core.repositoryformatversion >actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'gitdir not required mode' '
 	git apply --stat test.patch &&
-	(
-		cd test &&
-		git apply --stat ../test.patch
-	) &&
-	(
-		cd test2 &&
-		git apply --stat ../test.patch
-	)
+	git -C test apply --stat ../test.patch &&
+	git -C test2 apply --stat ../test.patch
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'gitdir required mode' '
 	git apply --check --index test.patch &&
-	(
-		cd test &&
-		git apply --check --index ../test.patch
-	) &&
-	(
-		cd test2 &&
-		test_must_fail git apply --check --index ../test.patch
-	)
+	git -C test apply --check --index ../test.patch &&
+	test_must_fail git -C test2 apply --check --index ../test.patch
+'
+
+check_allow () {
+	git rev-parse --git-dir >actual &&
+	echo .git >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+check_abort () {
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --git-dir
+}
+
+# avoid git-config, since it cannot be trusted to run
+# in a repository with a broken version
+mkconfig () {
+	echo '[core]' &&
+	echo "repositoryformatversion = $1" &&
+	shift &&
+
+	if test $# -gt 0; then
+		echo '[extensions]' &&
+		for i in "$@"; do
+			echo "$i"
+		done
+	fi
+}
+
+while read outcome version extensions; do
+	test_expect_success "$outcome version=$version $extensions" "
+		mkconfig $version $extensions >.git/config &&
+		check_${outcome}
+	"
+done <<\EOF
+allow 0
+allow 1
+allow 1 noop
+abort 1 no-such-extension
+allow 0 no-such-extension
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'precious-objects allowed' '
+	mkconfig 1 preciousObjects >.git/config &&
+	check_allow
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'precious-objects blocks destructive repack' '
+	test_must_fail git repack -ad
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'other repacks are OK' '
+	test_commit foo &&
+	git repack
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'precious-objects blocks prune' '
+	test_must_fail git prune
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gc runs without complaint' '
+	git gc
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1304-default-acl.sh b/t/t1304-default-acl.sh
index f5422f1d33..335d3f3211 100755
--- a/t/t1304-default-acl.sh
+++ b/t/t1304-default-acl.sh
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ test_expect_success SETFACL 'Setup test repo' '
 
 test_expect_success SETFACL 'Objects creation does not break ACLs with restrictive umask' '
 	# SHA1 for empty blob
-	check_perms_and_acl .git/objects/e6/9de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391
+	check_perms_and_acl .git/objects/$(echo $EMPTY_BLOB | sed -e "s,^\(..\),\1/,")
 '
 
 test_expect_success SETFACL 'git gc does not break ACLs with restrictive umask' '
diff --git a/t/t1305-config-include.sh b/t/t1305-config-include.sh
index 9ba2ba11c3..635918505d 100755
--- a/t/t1305-config-include.sh
+++ b/t/t1305-config-include.sh
@@ -3,6 +3,16 @@
 test_description='test config file include directives'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+# Force setup_explicit_git_dir() to run until the end. This is needed
+# by some tests to make sure real_path() is called on $GIT_DIR. The
+# caller needs to make sure git commands are run from a subdirectory
+# though or real_path() will not be called.
+force_setup_explicit_git_dir() {
+    GIT_DIR="$(pwd)/.git"
+    GIT_WORK_TREE="$(pwd)"
+    export GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE
+}
+
 test_expect_success 'include file by absolute path' '
 	echo "[test]one = 1" >one &&
 	echo "[include]path = \"$(pwd)/one\"" >.gitconfig &&
@@ -102,7 +112,7 @@ test_expect_success 'config modification does not affect includes' '
 
 test_expect_success 'missing include files are ignored' '
 	cat >.gitconfig <<-\EOF &&
-	[include]path = foo
+	[include]path = non-existent
 	[test]value = yes
 	EOF
 	echo yes >expect &&
@@ -152,6 +162,140 @@ test_expect_success 'relative includes from stdin line fail' '
 	test_must_fail git config --file - test.one
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'conditional include, both unanchored' '
+	git init foo &&
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		echo "[includeIf \"gitdir:foo/\"]path=bar" >>.git/config &&
+		echo "[test]one=1" >.git/bar &&
+		echo 1 >expect &&
+		git config test.one >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'conditional include, $HOME expansion' '
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		echo "[includeIf \"gitdir:~/foo/\"]path=bar2" >>.git/config &&
+		echo "[test]two=2" >.git/bar2 &&
+		echo 2 >expect &&
+		git config test.two >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'conditional include, full pattern' '
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		echo "[includeIf \"gitdir:**/foo/**\"]path=bar3" >>.git/config &&
+		echo "[test]three=3" >.git/bar3 &&
+		echo 3 >expect &&
+		git config test.three >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'conditional include, relative path' '
+	echo "[includeIf \"gitdir:./foo/.git\"]path=bar4" >>.gitconfig &&
+	echo "[test]four=4" >bar4 &&
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		echo 4 >expect &&
+		git config test.four >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'conditional include, both unanchored, icase' '
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		echo "[includeIf \"gitdir/i:FOO/\"]path=bar5" >>.git/config &&
+		echo "[test]five=5" >.git/bar5 &&
+		echo 5 >expect &&
+		git config test.five >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'conditional include, early config reading' '
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		echo "[includeIf \"gitdir:foo/\"]path=bar6" >>.git/config &&
+		echo "[test]six=6" >.git/bar6 &&
+		echo 6 >expect &&
+		test-tool config read_early_config test.six >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'conditional include, set up symlinked $HOME' '
+	mkdir real-home &&
+	ln -s real-home home &&
+	(
+		HOME="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/home" &&
+		export HOME &&
+		cd "$HOME" &&
+
+		git init foo &&
+		cd foo &&
+		mkdir sub
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'conditional include, $HOME expansion with symlinks' '
+	(
+		HOME="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/home" &&
+		export HOME &&
+		cd "$HOME"/foo &&
+
+		echo "[includeIf \"gitdir:~/foo/\"]path=bar2" >>.git/config &&
+		echo "[test]two=2" >.git/bar2 &&
+		echo 2 >expect &&
+		force_setup_explicit_git_dir &&
+		git -C sub config test.two >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'conditional include, relative path with symlinks' '
+	echo "[includeIf \"gitdir:./foo/.git\"]path=bar4" >home/.gitconfig &&
+	echo "[test]four=4" >home/bar4 &&
+	(
+		HOME="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/home" &&
+		export HOME &&
+		cd "$HOME"/foo &&
+
+		echo 4 >expect &&
+		force_setup_explicit_git_dir &&
+		git -C sub config test.four >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'conditional include, gitdir matching symlink' '
+	ln -s foo bar &&
+	(
+		cd bar &&
+		echo "[includeIf \"gitdir:bar/\"]path=bar7" >>.git/config &&
+		echo "[test]seven=7" >.git/bar7 &&
+		echo 7 >expect &&
+		git config test.seven >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'conditional include, gitdir matching symlink, icase' '
+	(
+		cd bar &&
+		echo "[includeIf \"gitdir/i:BAR/\"]path=bar8" >>.git/config &&
+		echo "[test]eight=8" >.git/bar8 &&
+		echo 8 >expect &&
+		git config test.eight >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'include cycles are detected' '
 	cat >.gitconfig <<-\EOF &&
 	[test]value = gitconfig
@@ -166,7 +310,7 @@ test_expect_success 'include cycles are detected' '
 	cycle
 	EOF
 	test_must_fail git config --get-all test.value 2>stderr &&
-	grep "exceeded maximum include depth" stderr
+	test_i18ngrep "exceeded maximum include depth" stderr
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1306-xdg-files.sh b/t/t1306-xdg-files.sh
index 8b14ab187c..21e139a313 100755
--- a/t/t1306-xdg-files.sh
+++ b/t/t1306-xdg-files.sh
@@ -114,11 +114,10 @@ test_expect_success 'Exclusion in a non-XDG global ignore file' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'Checking XDG ignore file when HOME is unset' '
-	>expected &&
 	(sane_unset HOME &&
 	 git config --unset core.excludesfile &&
 	 git ls-files --exclude-standard --ignored >actual) &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'Checking attributes in the XDG attributes file' '
@@ -132,10 +131,9 @@ test_expect_success 'Checking attributes in the XDG attributes file' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'Checking XDG attributes when HOME is unset' '
-	>expected &&
 	(sane_unset HOME &&
 	 git check-attr -a f >actual) &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success '$XDG_CONFIG_HOME overrides $HOME/.config/git/attributes' '
diff --git a/t/t1307-config-blob.sh b/t/t1307-config-blob.sh
index 3c6791e6be..37dc689d8c 100755
--- a/t/t1307-config-blob.sh
+++ b/t/t1307-config-blob.sh
@@ -61,10 +61,7 @@ test_expect_success 'parse errors in blobs are properly attributed' '
 	git commit -m broken &&
 
 	test_must_fail git config --blob=HEAD:config some.value 2>err &&
-
-	# just grep for our token as the exact error message is likely to
-	# change or be internationalized
-	grep "HEAD:config" err
+	test_i18ngrep "HEAD:config" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'can parse blob ending with CR' '
@@ -76,4 +73,8 @@ test_expect_success 'can parse blob ending with CR' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'config --blob outside of a repository is an error' '
+	test_must_fail nongit git config --blob=foo --list
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1308-config-set.sh b/t/t1308-config-set.sh
index 91235b76ba..d0a2727b85 100755
--- a/t/t1308-config-set.sh
+++ b/t/t1308-config-set.sh
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ check_config () {
 	then
 		printf "%s\n" "$@"
 	fi >expect &&
-	test_expect_code $expect_code test-config "$op" "$key" >actual &&
+	test_expect_code $expect_code test-tool config "$op" "$key" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 }
 
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ test_expect_success 'find string value for a key' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check line error when NULL string is queried' '
-	test_expect_code 128 test-config get_string case.foo 2>result &&
+	test_expect_code 128 test-tool config get_string case.foo 2>result &&
 	test_i18ngrep "fatal: .*case\.foo.*\.git/config.*line 7" result
 '
 
@@ -155,13 +155,13 @@ test_expect_success 'find value from a configset' '
 		baz = ball
 	EOF
 	echo silk >expect &&
-	test-config configset_get_value my.new config2 .git/config >actual &&
+	test-tool config configset_get_value my.new config2 .git/config >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'find value with highest priority from a configset' '
 	echo hask >expect &&
-	test-config configset_get_value case.baz config2 .git/config >actual &&
+	test-tool config configset_get_value case.baz config2 .git/config >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -173,13 +173,22 @@ test_expect_success 'find value_list for a key from a configset' '
 	lama
 	ball
 	EOF
-	test-config configset_get_value case.baz config2 .git/config >actual &&
+	test-tool config configset_get_value case.baz config2 .git/config >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'proper error on non-existent files' '
 	echo "Error (-1) reading configuration file non-existent-file." >expect &&
-	test_expect_code 2 test-config configset_get_value foo.bar non-existent-file 2>actual &&
+	test_expect_code 2 test-tool config configset_get_value foo.bar non-existent-file 2>actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'proper error on directory "files"' '
+	echo "Error (-1) reading configuration file a-directory." >expect &&
+	mkdir a-directory &&
+	test_expect_code 2 test-tool config configset_get_value foo.bar a-directory 2>output &&
+	grep "^warning:" output &&
+	grep "^Error" output >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -187,7 +196,9 @@ test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SANITY 'proper error on non-accessible files' '
 	chmod -r .git/config &&
 	test_when_finished "chmod +r .git/config" &&
 	echo "Error (-1) reading configuration file .git/config." >expect &&
-	test_expect_code 2 test-config configset_get_value foo.bar .git/config 2>actual &&
+	test_expect_code 2 test-tool config configset_get_value foo.bar .git/config 2>output &&
+	grep "^warning:" output &&
+	grep "^Error" output >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -195,16 +206,16 @@ test_expect_success 'proper error on error in default config files' '
 	cp .git/config .git/config.old &&
 	test_when_finished "mv .git/config.old .git/config" &&
 	echo "[" >>.git/config &&
-	echo "fatal: bad config file line 34 in .git/config" >expect &&
-	test_expect_code 128 test-config get_value foo.bar 2>actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	echo "fatal: bad config line 34 in file .git/config" >expect &&
+	test_expect_code 128 test-tool config get_value foo.bar 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'proper error on error in custom config files' '
 	echo "[" >>syntax-error &&
-	echo "fatal: bad config file line 1 in syntax-error" >expect &&
-	test_expect_code 128 test-config configset_get_value foo.bar syntax-error 2>actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	echo "fatal: bad config line 1 in file syntax-error" >expect &&
+	test_expect_code 128 test-tool config configset_get_value foo.bar syntax-error 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check line errors for malformed values' '
@@ -215,7 +226,49 @@ test_expect_success 'check line errors for malformed values' '
 		br
 	EOF
 	test_expect_code 128 git br 2>result &&
-	test_i18ngrep "fatal: .*alias\.br.*\.git/config.*line 2" result
+	test_i18ngrep "missing value for .alias\.br" result &&
+	test_i18ngrep "fatal: .*\.git/config" result &&
+	test_i18ngrep "fatal: .*line 2" result
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'error on modifying repo config without repo' '
+	nongit test_must_fail git config a.b c 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "not in a git directory" err
+'
+
+cmdline_config="'foo.bar=from-cmdline'"
+test_expect_success 'iteration shows correct origins' '
+	echo "[foo]bar = from-repo" >.git/config &&
+	echo "[foo]bar = from-home" >.gitconfig &&
+	if test_have_prereq MINGW
+	then
+		# Use Windows path (i.e. *not* $HOME)
+		HOME_GITCONFIG=$(pwd)/.gitconfig
+	else
+		# Do not get fooled by symbolic links, i.e. $HOME != $(pwd)
+		HOME_GITCONFIG=$HOME/.gitconfig
+	fi &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	key=foo.bar
+	value=from-home
+	origin=file
+	name=$HOME_GITCONFIG
+	scope=global
+
+	key=foo.bar
+	value=from-repo
+	origin=file
+	name=.git/config
+	scope=repo
+
+	key=foo.bar
+	value=from-cmdline
+	origin=command line
+	name=
+	scope=cmdline
+	EOF
+	GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS=$cmdline_config test-tool config iterate >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1309-early-config.sh b/t/t1309-early-config.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..413642aa56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1309-early-config.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test read_early_config()'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'read early config' '
+	test_config early.config correct &&
+	test-tool config read_early_config early.config >output &&
+	test correct = "$(cat output)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'in a sub-directory' '
+	test_config early.config sub &&
+	mkdir -p sub &&
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		test-tool config read_early_config early.config
+	) >output &&
+	test sub = "$(cat output)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ceiling' '
+	test_config early.config ceiling &&
+	mkdir -p sub &&
+	(
+		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$PWD" &&
+		export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES &&
+		cd sub &&
+		test-tool config read_early_config early.config
+	) >output &&
+	test -z "$(cat output)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ceiling #2' '
+	mkdir -p xdg/git &&
+	git config -f xdg/git/config early.config xdg &&
+	test_config early.config ceiling &&
+	mkdir -p sub &&
+	(
+		XDG_CONFIG_HOME="$PWD"/xdg &&
+		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$PWD" &&
+		export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES XDG_CONFIG_HOME &&
+		cd sub &&
+		test-tool config read_early_config early.config
+	) >output &&
+	test xdg = "$(cat output)"
+'
+
+cmdline_config="'test.source=cmdline'"
+test_expect_success 'read config file in right order' '
+	echo "[test]source = home" >>.gitconfig &&
+	git init foo &&
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		echo "[test]source = repo" >>.git/config &&
+		GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS=$cmdline_config test-tool config \
+			read_early_config test.source >actual &&
+		cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+		home
+		repo
+		cmdline
+		EOF
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_with_config () {
+	rm -rf throwaway &&
+	git init throwaway &&
+	(
+		cd throwaway &&
+		echo "$*" >.git/config &&
+		test-tool config read_early_config early.config
+	)
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'ignore .git/ with incompatible repository version' '
+	test_with_config "[core]repositoryformatversion = 999999" 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "warning:.* Expected git repo version <= [1-9]" err
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'ignore .git/ with invalid repository version' '
+	test_with_config "[core]repositoryformatversion = invalid"
+'
+
+
+test_expect_failure 'ignore .git/ with invalid config' '
+	test_with_config "["
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1310-config-default.sh b/t/t1310-config-default.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..6049d91708
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1310-config-default.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test git config in different settings (with --default)'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'uses --default when entry missing' '
+	echo quux >expect &&
+	git config -f config --default=quux core.foo >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'does not use --default when entry present' '
+	echo bar >expect &&
+	git -c core.foo=bar config --default=baz core.foo >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'canonicalizes --default with appropriate type' '
+	echo true >expect &&
+	git config -f config --default=yes --bool core.foo >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'dies when --default cannot be parsed' '
+	test_must_fail git config -f config --type=expiry-date --default=x --get \
+		not.a.section 2>error &&
+	test_i18ngrep "failed to format default config value" error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'does not allow --default without --get' '
+	test_must_fail git config --default=quux --unset a.section >output 2>&1 &&
+	test_i18ngrep "\-\-default is only applicable to" output
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1350-config-hooks-path.sh b/t/t1350-config-hooks-path.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f1f9aee9f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1350-config-hooks-path.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test the core.hooksPath configuration variable'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'set up a pre-commit hook in core.hooksPath' '
+	mkdir -p .git/custom-hooks .git/hooks &&
+	write_script .git/custom-hooks/pre-commit <<-\EOF &&
+	echo CUSTOM >>actual
+	EOF
+	write_script .git/hooks/pre-commit <<-\EOF
+	echo NORMAL >>actual
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check that various forms of specifying core.hooksPath work' '
+	test_commit no_custom_hook &&
+	git config core.hooksPath .git/custom-hooks &&
+	test_commit have_custom_hook &&
+	git config core.hooksPath .git/custom-hooks/ &&
+	test_commit have_custom_hook_trailing_slash &&
+	git config core.hooksPath "$PWD/.git/custom-hooks" &&
+	test_commit have_custom_hook_abs_path &&
+	git config core.hooksPath "$PWD/.git/custom-hooks/" &&
+	test_commit have_custom_hook_abs_path_trailing_slash &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	NORMAL
+	CUSTOM
+	CUSTOM
+	CUSTOM
+	CUSTOM
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git rev-parse --git-path hooks' '
+	git config core.hooksPath .git/custom-hooks &&
+	git rev-parse --git-path hooks/abc >actual &&
+	test .git/custom-hooks/abc = "$(cat actual)"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1400-update-ref.sh b/t/t1400-update-ref.sh
index 6805b9e6bb..7c8df20955 100755
--- a/t/t1400-update-ref.sh
+++ b/t/t1400-update-ref.sh
@@ -6,108 +6,211 @@
 test_description='Test git update-ref and basic ref logging'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-Z=$_z40
+Z=$ZERO_OID
 
-test_expect_success setup '
+m=refs/heads/master
+n_dir=refs/heads/gu
+n=$n_dir/fixes
+outside=refs/foo
+bare=bare-repo
 
+create_test_commits ()
+{
+	prfx="$1"
 	for name in A B C D E F
 	do
 		test_tick &&
 		T=$(git write-tree) &&
 		sha1=$(echo $name | git commit-tree $T) &&
-		eval $name=$sha1
+		eval $prfx$name=$sha1
 	done
+}
 
+test_expect_success setup '
+	create_test_commits "" &&
+	mkdir $bare &&
+	cd $bare &&
+	git init --bare &&
+	create_test_commits "bare" &&
+	cd -
 '
 
-m=refs/heads/master
-n_dir=refs/heads/gu
-n=$n_dir/fixes
-
-test_expect_success \
-	"create $m" \
-	"git update-ref $m $A &&
-	 test $A"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
-test_expect_success \
-	"create $m" \
-	"git update-ref $m $B $A &&
-	 test $B"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
+test_expect_success "create $m" '
+	git update-ref $m $A &&
+	test $A = $(cat .git/$m)
+'
+test_expect_success "create $m with oldvalue verification" '
+	git update-ref $m $B $A &&
+	test $B = $(cat .git/$m)
+'
 test_expect_success "fail to delete $m with stale ref" '
 	test_must_fail git update-ref -d $m $A &&
 	test $B = "$(cat .git/$m)"
 '
 test_expect_success "delete $m" '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/$m" &&
 	git update-ref -d $m $B &&
-	! test -f .git/$m
+	test_path_is_missing .git/$m
 '
-rm -f .git/$m
 
-test_expect_success "delete $m without oldvalue verification" "
+test_expect_success "delete $m without oldvalue verification" '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/$m" &&
 	git update-ref $m $A &&
-	test $A = \$(cat .git/$m) &&
+	test $A = $(cat .git/$m) &&
 	git update-ref -d $m &&
-	! test -f .git/$m
-"
-rm -f .git/$m
-
-test_expect_success \
-	"fail to create $n" \
-	"touch .git/$n_dir &&
-	 test_must_fail git update-ref $n $A >out 2>err"
-rm -f .git/$n_dir out err
-
-test_expect_success \
-	"create $m (by HEAD)" \
-	"git update-ref HEAD $A &&
-	 test $A"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
-test_expect_success \
-	"create $m (by HEAD)" \
-	"git update-ref HEAD $B $A &&
-	 test $B"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
+	test_path_is_missing .git/$m
+'
+
+test_expect_success "fail to create $n" '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/$n_dir" &&
+	touch .git/$n_dir &&
+	test_must_fail git update-ref $n $A
+'
+
+test_expect_success "create $m (by HEAD)" '
+	git update-ref HEAD $A &&
+	test $A = $(cat .git/$m)
+'
+test_expect_success "create $m (by HEAD) with oldvalue verification" '
+	git update-ref HEAD $B $A &&
+	test $B = $(cat .git/$m)
+'
 test_expect_success "fail to delete $m (by HEAD) with stale ref" '
 	test_must_fail git update-ref -d HEAD $A &&
 	test $B = $(cat .git/$m)
 '
 test_expect_success "delete $m (by HEAD)" '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/$m" &&
 	git update-ref -d HEAD $B &&
-	! test -f .git/$m
-'
-rm -f .git/$m
-
-test_expect_success \
-	"create $m (by HEAD)" \
-	"git update-ref HEAD $A &&
-	 test $A"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
-test_expect_success \
-	"pack refs" \
-	"git pack-refs --all"
-test_expect_success \
-	"move $m (by HEAD)" \
-	"git update-ref HEAD $B $A &&
-	 test $B"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
+	test_path_is_missing .git/$m
+'
+
+test_expect_success "deleting current branch adds message to HEAD's log" '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/$m" &&
+	git update-ref $m $A &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD $m &&
+	git update-ref -m delete-$m -d $m &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/$m &&
+	grep "delete-$m$" .git/logs/HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success "deleting by HEAD adds message to HEAD's log" '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/$m" &&
+	git update-ref $m $A &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD $m &&
+	git update-ref -m delete-by-head -d HEAD &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/$m &&
+	grep "delete-by-head$" .git/logs/HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update-ref does not create reflogs by default' '
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d $outside" &&
+	git update-ref $outside $A &&
+	git rev-parse $A >expect &&
+	git rev-parse $outside >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_fail git reflog exists $outside
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update-ref creates reflogs with --create-reflog' '
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d $outside" &&
+	git update-ref --create-reflog $outside $A &&
+	git rev-parse $A >expect &&
+	git rev-parse $outside >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git reflog exists $outside
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'creates no reflog in bare repository' '
+	git -C $bare update-ref $m $bareA &&
+	git -C $bare rev-parse $bareA >expect &&
+	git -C $bare rev-parse $m >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_fail git -C $bare reflog exists $m
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'core.logAllRefUpdates=true creates reflog in bare repository' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C $bare config --unset core.logAllRefUpdates && \
+		rm $bare/logs/$m" &&
+	git -C $bare config core.logAllRefUpdates true &&
+	git -C $bare update-ref $m $bareB &&
+	git -C $bare rev-parse $bareB >expect &&
+	git -C $bare rev-parse $m >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -C $bare reflog exists $m
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'core.logAllRefUpdates=true does not create reflog by default' '
+	test_config core.logAllRefUpdates true &&
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d $outside" &&
+	git update-ref $outside $A &&
+	git rev-parse $A >expect &&
+	git rev-parse $outside >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_fail git reflog exists $outside
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'core.logAllRefUpdates=always creates reflog by default' '
+	test_config core.logAllRefUpdates always &&
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d $outside" &&
+	git update-ref $outside $A &&
+	git rev-parse $A >expect &&
+	git rev-parse $outside >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git reflog exists $outside
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'core.logAllRefUpdates=always creates no reflog for ORIG_HEAD' '
+	test_config core.logAllRefUpdates always &&
+	git update-ref ORIG_HEAD $A &&
+	test_must_fail git reflog exists ORIG_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-create-reflog overrides core.logAllRefUpdates=always' '
+	test_config core.logAllRefUpdates true &&
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d $outside" &&
+	git update-ref --no-create-reflog $outside $A &&
+	git rev-parse $A >expect &&
+	git rev-parse $outside >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_fail git reflog exists $outside
+'
+
+test_expect_success "create $m (by HEAD)" '
+	git update-ref HEAD $A &&
+	test $A = $(cat .git/$m)
+'
+test_expect_success 'pack refs' '
+	git pack-refs --all
+'
+test_expect_success "move $m (by HEAD)" '
+	git update-ref HEAD $B $A &&
+	test $B = $(cat .git/$m)
+'
 test_expect_success "delete $m (by HEAD) should remove both packed and loose $m" '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/$m" &&
 	git update-ref -d HEAD $B &&
 	! grep "$m" .git/packed-refs &&
-	! test -f .git/$m
+	test_path_is_missing .git/$m
 '
-rm -f .git/$m
 
 cp -f .git/HEAD .git/HEAD.orig
-test_expect_success "delete symref without dereference" '
+test_expect_success 'delete symref without dereference' '
+	test_when_finished "cp -f .git/HEAD.orig .git/HEAD" &&
 	git update-ref --no-deref -d HEAD &&
-	! test -f .git/HEAD
+	test_path_is_missing .git/HEAD
 '
-cp -f .git/HEAD.orig .git/HEAD
 
-test_expect_success "delete symref without dereference when the referred ref is packed" '
+test_expect_success 'delete symref without dereference when the referred ref is packed' '
+	test_when_finished "cp -f .git/HEAD.orig .git/HEAD" &&
 	echo foo >foo.c &&
 	git add foo.c &&
 	git commit -m foo &&
 	git pack-refs --all &&
 	git update-ref --no-deref -d HEAD &&
-	! test -f .git/HEAD
+	test_path_is_missing .git/HEAD
 '
-cp -f .git/HEAD.orig .git/HEAD
+
 git update-ref -d $m
 
 test_expect_success 'update-ref -d is not confused by self-reference' '
@@ -136,83 +239,110 @@ test_expect_success 'update-ref --no-deref -d can delete reference to bad ref' '
 	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/ref-to-bad
 '
 
-test_expect_success '(not) create HEAD with old sha1' "
+test_expect_success '(not) create HEAD with old sha1' '
 	test_must_fail git update-ref HEAD $A $B
-"
-test_expect_success "(not) prior created .git/$m" "
-	! test -f .git/$m
-"
-rm -f .git/$m
-
-test_expect_success \
-	"create HEAD" \
-	"git update-ref HEAD $A"
-test_expect_success '(not) change HEAD with wrong SHA1' "
+'
+test_expect_success "(not) prior created .git/$m" '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/$m" &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/$m
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create HEAD' '
+	git update-ref HEAD $A
+'
+test_expect_success '(not) change HEAD with wrong SHA1' '
 	test_must_fail git update-ref HEAD $B $Z
-"
-test_expect_success "(not) changed .git/$m" "
-	! test $B"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')
-'
-rm -f .git/$m
-
-: a repository with working tree always has reflog these days...
-: >.git/logs/refs/heads/master
-test_expect_success \
-	"create $m (logged by touch)" \
-	'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" \
-	 git update-ref HEAD '"$A"' -m "Initial Creation" &&
-	 test '"$A"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
-test_expect_success \
-	"update $m (logged by touch)" \
-	'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:31" \
-	 git update-ref HEAD'" $B $A "'-m "Switch" &&
-	 test '"$B"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
-test_expect_success \
-	"set $m (logged by touch)" \
-	'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:41" \
-	 git update-ref HEAD'" $A &&
-	 test $A"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
+'
+test_expect_success "(not) changed .git/$m" '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/$m" &&
+	! test $B = $(cat .git/$m)
+'
+
+rm -f .git/logs/refs/heads/master
+test_expect_success "create $m (logged by touch)" '
+	test_config core.logAllRefUpdates false &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" \
+	git update-ref --create-reflog HEAD $A -m "Initial Creation" &&
+	test $A = $(cat .git/$m)
+'
+test_expect_success "update $m (logged by touch)" '
+	test_config core.logAllRefUpdates false &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:31" \
+	git update-ref HEAD $B $A -m "Switch" &&
+	test $B = $(cat .git/$m)
+'
+test_expect_success "set $m (logged by touch)" '
+	test_config core.logAllRefUpdates false &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:41" \
+	git update-ref HEAD $A &&
+	test $A = $(cat .git/$m)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty directory removal' '
+	git branch d1/d2/r1 HEAD &&
+	git branch d1/r2 HEAD &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/d1/d2/r1 &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/d1/d2/r1 &&
+	git branch -d d1/d2/r1 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/d1/d2 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/logs/refs/heads/d1/d2 &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/d1/r2 &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/d1/r2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symref empty directory removal' '
+	git branch e1/e2/r1 HEAD &&
+	git branch e1/r2 HEAD &&
+	git checkout e1/e2/r1 &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/e1/e2/r1 &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/e1/e2/r1 &&
+	git update-ref -d HEAD &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/e1/e2 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/logs/refs/heads/e1/e2 &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/e1/r2 &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/e1/r2 &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/logs/HEAD
+'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 $Z $A $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150200 +0000	Initial Creation
 $A $B $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150260 +0000	Switch
 $B $A $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150860 +0000
 EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	"verifying $m's log" \
-	"test_cmp expect .git/logs/$m"
-rm -rf .git/$m .git/logs expect
-
-test_expect_success \
-	'enable core.logAllRefUpdates' \
-	'git config core.logAllRefUpdates true &&
-	 test true = $(git config --bool --get core.logAllRefUpdates)'
-
-test_expect_success \
-	"create $m (logged by config)" \
-	'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:32" \
-	 git update-ref HEAD'" $A "'-m "Initial Creation" &&
-	 test '"$A"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
-test_expect_success \
-	"update $m (logged by config)" \
-	'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:33" \
-	 git update-ref HEAD'" $B $A "'-m "Switch" &&
-	 test '"$B"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
-test_expect_success \
-	"set $m (logged by config)" \
-	'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:43" \
-	 git update-ref HEAD '"$A &&
-	 test $A"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
+test_expect_success "verifying $m's log (logged by touch)" '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf .git/$m .git/logs expect" &&
+	test_cmp expect .git/logs/$m
+'
+
+test_expect_success "create $m (logged by config)" '
+	test_config core.logAllRefUpdates true &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:32" \
+	git update-ref HEAD $A -m "Initial Creation" &&
+	test $A = $(cat .git/$m)
+'
+test_expect_success "update $m (logged by config)" '
+	test_config core.logAllRefUpdates true &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:33" \
+	git update-ref HEAD'" $B $A "'-m "Switch" &&
+	test $B = $(cat .git/$m)
+'
+test_expect_success "set $m (logged by config)" '
+	test_config core.logAllRefUpdates true &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:43" \
+	git update-ref HEAD $A &&
+	test $A = $(cat .git/$m)
+'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 $Z $A $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150320 +0000	Initial Creation
 $A $B $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150380 +0000	Switch
 $B $A $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150980 +0000
 EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	"verifying $m's log" \
-	'test_cmp expect .git/logs/$m'
-rm -f .git/$m .git/logs/$m expect
+test_expect_success "verifying $m's log (logged by config)" '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/$m .git/logs/$m expect" &&
+	test_cmp expect .git/logs/$m
+'
 
 git update-ref $m $D
 cat >.git/logs/$m <<EOF
@@ -226,86 +356,85 @@ EOF
 ed="Thu, 26 May 2005 18:32:00 -0500"
 gd="Thu, 26 May 2005 18:33:00 -0500"
 ld="Thu, 26 May 2005 18:43:00 -0500"
-test_expect_success \
-	'Query "master@{May 25 2005}" (before history)' \
-	'rm -f o e &&
-	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{May 25 2005}" >o 2>e &&
-	 test '"$C"' = $(cat o) &&
-	 test "warning: Log for '\'master\'' only goes back to $ed." = "$(cat e)"'
-test_expect_success \
-	"Query master@{2005-05-25} (before history)" \
-	'rm -f o e &&
-	 git rev-parse --verify master@{2005-05-25} >o 2>e &&
-	 test '"$C"' = $(cat o) &&
-	 echo test "warning: Log for '\'master\'' only goes back to $ed." = "$(cat e)"'
-test_expect_success \
-	'Query "master@{May 26 2005 23:31:59}" (1 second before history)' \
-	'rm -f o e &&
-	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{May 26 2005 23:31:59}" >o 2>e &&
-	 test '"$C"' = $(cat o) &&
-	 test "warning: Log for '\''master'\'' only goes back to $ed." = "$(cat e)"'
-test_expect_success \
-	'Query "master@{May 26 2005 23:32:00}" (exactly history start)' \
-	'rm -f o e &&
-	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{May 26 2005 23:32:00}" >o 2>e &&
-	 test '"$C"' = $(cat o) &&
-	 test "" = "$(cat e)"'
-test_expect_success \
-	'Query "master@{May 26 2005 23:32:30}" (first non-creation change)' \
-	'rm -f o e &&
-	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{May 26 2005 23:32:30}" >o 2>e &&
-	 test '"$A"' = $(cat o) &&
-	 test "" = "$(cat e)"'
-test_expect_success \
-	'Query "master@{2005-05-26 23:33:01}" (middle of history with gap)' \
-	'rm -f o e &&
-	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-26 23:33:01}" >o 2>e &&
-	 test '"$B"' = $(cat o) &&
-	 test "warning: Log for ref '"$m has gap after $gd"'." = "$(cat e)"'
-test_expect_success \
-	'Query "master@{2005-05-26 23:38:00}" (middle of history)' \
-	'rm -f o e &&
-	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-26 23:38:00}" >o 2>e &&
-	 test '"$Z"' = $(cat o) &&
-	 test "" = "$(cat e)"'
-test_expect_success \
-	'Query "master@{2005-05-26 23:43:00}" (exact end of history)' \
-	'rm -f o e &&
-	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-26 23:43:00}" >o 2>e &&
-	 test '"$E"' = $(cat o) &&
-	 test "" = "$(cat e)"'
-test_expect_success \
-	'Query "master@{2005-05-28}" (past end of history)' \
-	'rm -f o e &&
-	 git rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-28}" >o 2>e &&
-	 test '"$D"' = $(cat o) &&
-	 test "warning: Log for ref '"$m unexpectedly ended on $ld"'." = "$(cat e)"'
-
+test_expect_success 'Query "master@{May 25 2005}" (before history)' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f o e" &&
+	git rev-parse --verify "master@{May 25 2005}" >o 2>e &&
+	test $C = $(cat o) &&
+	test "warning: Log for '\''master'\'' only goes back to $ed." = "$(cat e)"
+'
+test_expect_success 'Query master@{2005-05-25} (before history)' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f o e" &&
+	git rev-parse --verify master@{2005-05-25} >o 2>e &&
+	test $C = $(cat o) &&
+	echo test "warning: Log for '\''master'\'' only goes back to $ed." = "$(cat e)"
+'
+test_expect_success 'Query "master@{May 26 2005 23:31:59}" (1 second before history)' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f o e" &&
+	git rev-parse --verify "master@{May 26 2005 23:31:59}" >o 2>e &&
+	test $C = $(cat o) &&
+	test "warning: Log for '\''master'\'' only goes back to $ed." = "$(cat e)"
+'
+test_expect_success 'Query "master@{May 26 2005 23:32:00}" (exactly history start)' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f o e" &&
+	git rev-parse --verify "master@{May 26 2005 23:32:00}" >o 2>e &&
+	test $C = $(cat o) &&
+	test "" = "$(cat e)"
+'
+test_expect_success 'Query "master@{May 26 2005 23:32:30}" (first non-creation change)' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f o e" &&
+	git rev-parse --verify "master@{May 26 2005 23:32:30}" >o 2>e &&
+	test $A = $(cat o) &&
+	test "" = "$(cat e)"
+'
+test_expect_success 'Query "master@{2005-05-26 23:33:01}" (middle of history with gap)' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f o e" &&
+	git rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-26 23:33:01}" >o 2>e &&
+	test $B = $(cat o) &&
+	test_i18ngrep -F "warning: log for ref $m has gap after $gd" e
+'
+test_expect_success 'Query "master@{2005-05-26 23:38:00}" (middle of history)' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f o e" &&
+	git rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-26 23:38:00}" >o 2>e &&
+	test $Z = $(cat o) &&
+	test "" = "$(cat e)"
+'
+test_expect_success 'Query "master@{2005-05-26 23:43:00}" (exact end of history)' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f o e" &&
+	git rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-26 23:43:00}" >o 2>e &&
+	test $E = $(cat o) &&
+	test "" = "$(cat e)"
+'
+test_expect_success 'Query "master@{2005-05-28}" (past end of history)' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f o e" &&
+	git rev-parse --verify "master@{2005-05-28}" >o 2>e &&
+	test $D = $(cat o) &&
+	test_i18ngrep -F "warning: log for ref $m unexpectedly ended on $ld" e
+'
 
 rm -f .git/$m .git/logs/$m expect
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'creating initial files' \
-    'echo TEST >F &&
-     git add F &&
-	 GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" \
-	 GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" git commit -m add -a &&
-	 h_TEST=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	 echo The other day this did not work. >M &&
-	 echo And then Bob told me how to fix it. >>M &&
-	 echo OTHER >F &&
-	 GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2005-05-26 23:41" \
-	 GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:41" git commit -F M -a &&
-	 h_OTHER=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	 GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2005-05-26 23:44" \
-	 GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:44" git commit --amend &&
-	 h_FIXED=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	 echo Merged initial commit and a later commit. >M &&
-	 echo $h_TEST >.git/MERGE_HEAD &&
-	 GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2005-05-26 23:45" \
-	 GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:45" git commit -F M &&
-	 h_MERGED=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	 rm -f M'
+test_expect_success 'creating initial files' '
+	test_when_finished rm -f M &&
+	echo TEST >F &&
+	git add F &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" \
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" git commit -m add -a &&
+	h_TEST=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	echo The other day this did not work. >M &&
+	echo And then Bob told me how to fix it. >>M &&
+	echo OTHER >F &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2005-05-26 23:41" \
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:41" git commit -F M -a &&
+	h_OTHER=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2005-05-26 23:44" \
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:44" git commit --amend &&
+	h_FIXED=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	echo Merged initial commit and a later commit. >M &&
+	echo $h_TEST >.git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2005-05-26 23:45" \
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:45" git commit -F M &&
+	h_MERGED=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 $Z $h_TEST $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150200 +0000	commit (initial): add
@@ -313,20 +442,80 @@ $h_TEST $h_OTHER $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150860 +0000	com
 $h_OTHER $h_FIXED $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117151040 +0000	commit (amend): The other day this did not work.
 $h_FIXED $h_MERGED $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117151100 +0000	commit (merge): Merged initial commit and a later commit.
 EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'git commit logged updates' \
-	"test_cmp expect .git/logs/$m"
+test_expect_success 'git commit logged updates' '
+	test_cmp expect .git/logs/$m
+'
 unset h_TEST h_OTHER h_FIXED h_MERGED
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'git cat-file blob master:F (expect OTHER)' \
-	'test OTHER = $(git cat-file blob master:F)'
-test_expect_success \
-	'git cat-file blob master@{2005-05-26 23:30}:F (expect TEST)' \
-	'test TEST = $(git cat-file blob "master@{2005-05-26 23:30}:F")'
-test_expect_success \
-	'git cat-file blob master@{2005-05-26 23:42}:F (expect OTHER)' \
-	'test OTHER = $(git cat-file blob "master@{2005-05-26 23:42}:F")'
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file blob master:F (expect OTHER)' '
+	test OTHER = $(git cat-file blob master:F)
+'
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file blob master@{2005-05-26 23:30}:F (expect TEST)' '
+	test TEST = $(git cat-file blob "master@{2005-05-26 23:30}:F")
+'
+test_expect_success 'git cat-file blob master@{2005-05-26 23:42}:F (expect OTHER)' '
+	test OTHER = $(git cat-file blob "master@{2005-05-26 23:42}:F")
+'
+
+# Test adding and deleting pseudorefs
+
+test_expect_success 'given old value for missing pseudoref, do not create' '
+	test_must_fail git update-ref PSEUDOREF $A $B 2>err &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/PSEUDOREF &&
+	test_i18ngrep "could not read ref" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create pseudoref' '
+	git update-ref PSEUDOREF $A &&
+	test $A = $(cat .git/PSEUDOREF)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overwrite pseudoref with no old value given' '
+	git update-ref PSEUDOREF $B &&
+	test $B = $(cat .git/PSEUDOREF)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overwrite pseudoref with correct old value' '
+	git update-ref PSEUDOREF $C $B &&
+	test $C = $(cat .git/PSEUDOREF)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not overwrite pseudoref with wrong old value' '
+	test_must_fail git update-ref PSEUDOREF $D $E 2>err &&
+	test $C = $(cat .git/PSEUDOREF) &&
+	test_i18ngrep "unexpected object ID" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'delete pseudoref' '
+	git update-ref -d PSEUDOREF &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/PSEUDOREF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not delete pseudoref with wrong old value' '
+	git update-ref PSEUDOREF $A &&
+	test_must_fail git update-ref -d PSEUDOREF $B 2>err &&
+	test $A = $(cat .git/PSEUDOREF) &&
+	test_i18ngrep "unexpected object ID" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'delete pseudoref with correct old value' '
+	git update-ref -d PSEUDOREF $A &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/PSEUDOREF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create pseudoref with old OID zero' '
+	git update-ref PSEUDOREF $A $Z &&
+	test $A = $(cat .git/PSEUDOREF)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not overwrite pseudoref with old OID zero' '
+	test_when_finished git update-ref -d PSEUDOREF &&
+	test_must_fail git update-ref PSEUDOREF $B $Z 2>err &&
+	test $A = $(cat .git/PSEUDOREF) &&
+	test_i18ngrep "already exists" err
+'
+
+# Test --stdin
 
 a=refs/heads/a
 b=refs/heads/b
@@ -343,7 +532,7 @@ test_expect_success 'stdin test setup' '
 
 test_expect_success '-z fails without --stdin' '
 	test_must_fail git update-ref -z $m $m $m 2>err &&
-	grep "usage: git update-ref" err
+	test_i18ngrep "usage: git update-ref" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'stdin works with no input' '
@@ -461,7 +650,7 @@ test_expect_success 'stdin fails with duplicate refs' '
 	create $a $m
 	EOF
 	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin <stdin 2>err &&
-	grep "fatal: Multiple updates for ref '"'"'$a'"'"' not allowed." err
+	test_i18ngrep "fatal: multiple updates for ref '"'"'$a'"'"' not allowed" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'stdin create ref works' '
@@ -472,6 +661,26 @@ test_expect_success 'stdin create ref works' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'stdin does not create reflogs by default' '
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d $outside" &&
+	echo "create $outside $m" >stdin &&
+	git update-ref --stdin <stdin &&
+	git rev-parse $m >expect &&
+	git rev-parse $outside >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_fail git reflog exists $outside
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stdin creates reflogs with --create-reflog' '
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d $outside" &&
+	echo "create $outside $m" >stdin &&
+	git update-ref --create-reflog --stdin <stdin &&
+	git rev-parse $m >expect &&
+	git rev-parse $outside >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git reflog exists $outside
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'stdin succeeds with quoted argument' '
 	git update-ref -d $a &&
 	echo "create $a \"$m\"" >stdin &&
@@ -519,7 +728,7 @@ test_expect_success 'stdin create ref works with path with space to blob' '
 test_expect_success 'stdin update ref fails with wrong old value' '
 	echo "update $c $m $m~1" >stdin &&
 	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin <stdin 2>err &&
-	grep "fatal: Cannot lock the ref '"'"'$c'"'"'" err &&
+	grep "fatal: cannot lock ref '"'"'$c'"'"'" err &&
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify -q $c
 '
 
@@ -555,7 +764,7 @@ test_expect_success 'stdin update ref works with right old value' '
 test_expect_success 'stdin delete ref fails with wrong old value' '
 	echo "delete $a $m~1" >stdin &&
 	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin <stdin 2>err &&
-	grep "fatal: Cannot lock the ref '"'"'$a'"'"'" err &&
+	grep "fatal: cannot lock ref '"'"'$a'"'"'" err &&
 	git rev-parse $m >expect &&
 	git rev-parse $a >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
@@ -688,7 +897,7 @@ test_expect_success 'stdin update refs fails with wrong old value' '
 	update $c  ''
 	EOF
 	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin <stdin 2>err &&
-	grep "fatal: Cannot lock the ref '"'"'$c'"'"'" err &&
+	grep "fatal: cannot lock ref '"'"'$c'"'"'" err &&
 	git rev-parse $m >expect &&
 	git rev-parse $a >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
@@ -843,7 +1052,7 @@ test_expect_success 'stdin -z fails option with unknown name' '
 test_expect_success 'stdin -z fails with duplicate refs' '
 	printf $F "create $a" "$m" "create $b" "$m" "create $a" "$m" >stdin &&
 	test_must_fail git update-ref -z --stdin <stdin 2>err &&
-	grep "fatal: Multiple updates for ref '"'"'$a'"'"' not allowed." err
+	test_i18ngrep "fatal: multiple updates for ref '"'"'$a'"'"' not allowed" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'stdin -z create ref works' '
@@ -883,7 +1092,7 @@ test_expect_success 'stdin -z create ref works with path with space to blob' '
 test_expect_success 'stdin -z update ref fails with wrong old value' '
 	printf $F "update $c" "$m" "$m~1" >stdin &&
 	test_must_fail git update-ref -z --stdin <stdin 2>err &&
-	grep "fatal: Cannot lock the ref '"'"'$c'"'"'" err &&
+	grep "fatal: cannot lock ref '"'"'$c'"'"'" err &&
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify -q $c
 '
 
@@ -899,7 +1108,7 @@ test_expect_success 'stdin -z create ref fails when ref exists' '
 	git rev-parse "$c" >expect &&
 	printf $F "create $c" "$m~1" >stdin &&
 	test_must_fail git update-ref -z --stdin <stdin 2>err &&
-	grep "fatal: Cannot lock the ref '"'"'$c'"'"'" err &&
+	grep "fatal: cannot lock ref '"'"'$c'"'"'" err &&
 	git rev-parse "$c" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
@@ -930,7 +1139,7 @@ test_expect_success 'stdin -z update ref works with right old value' '
 test_expect_success 'stdin -z delete ref fails with wrong old value' '
 	printf $F "delete $a" "$m~1" >stdin &&
 	test_must_fail git update-ref -z --stdin <stdin 2>err &&
-	grep "fatal: Cannot lock the ref '"'"'$a'"'"'" err &&
+	grep "fatal: cannot lock ref '"'"'$a'"'"'" err &&
 	git rev-parse $m >expect &&
 	git rev-parse $a >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
@@ -1045,7 +1254,7 @@ test_expect_success 'stdin -z update refs fails with wrong old value' '
 	git update-ref $c $m &&
 	printf $F "update $a" "$m" "$m" "update $b" "$m" "$m" "update $c" "$m" "$Z" >stdin &&
 	test_must_fail git update-ref -z --stdin <stdin 2>err &&
-	grep "fatal: Cannot lock the ref '"'"'$c'"'"'" err &&
+	grep "fatal: cannot lock ref '"'"'$c'"'"'" err &&
 	git rev-parse $m >expect &&
 	git rev-parse $a >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
@@ -1065,4 +1274,89 @@ test_expect_success 'stdin -z delete refs works with packed and loose refs' '
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify -q $c
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'fails with duplicate HEAD update' '
+	git branch target1 $A &&
+	git checkout target1 &&
+	cat >stdin <<-EOF &&
+	update refs/heads/target1 $C
+	option no-deref
+	update HEAD $B
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin <stdin 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "fatal: multiple updates for '\''HEAD'\'' (including one via its referent .refs/heads/target1.) are not allowed" err &&
+	echo "refs/heads/target1" >expect &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo "$A" >expect &&
+	git rev-parse refs/heads/target1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fails with duplicate ref update via symref' '
+	git branch target2 $A &&
+	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/symref2 refs/heads/target2 &&
+	cat >stdin <<-EOF &&
+	update refs/heads/target2 $C
+	update refs/heads/symref2 $B
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin <stdin 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "fatal: multiple updates for '\''refs/heads/target2'\'' (including one via symref .refs/heads/symref2.) are not allowed" err &&
+	echo "refs/heads/target2" >expect &&
+	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/symref2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo "$A" >expect &&
+	git rev-parse refs/heads/target2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+run_with_limited_open_files () {
+	(ulimit -n 32 && "$@")
+}
+
+test_lazy_prereq ULIMIT_FILE_DESCRIPTORS '
+	test_have_prereq !MINGW,!CYGWIN &&
+	run_with_limited_open_files true
+'
+
+test_expect_success ULIMIT_FILE_DESCRIPTORS 'large transaction creating branches does not burst open file limit' '
+(
+	for i in $(test_seq 33)
+	do
+		echo "create refs/heads/$i HEAD"
+	done >large_input &&
+	run_with_limited_open_files git update-ref --stdin <large_input &&
+	git rev-parse --verify -q refs/heads/33
+)
+'
+
+test_expect_success ULIMIT_FILE_DESCRIPTORS 'large transaction deleting branches does not burst open file limit' '
+(
+	for i in $(test_seq 33)
+	do
+		echo "delete refs/heads/$i HEAD"
+	done >large_input &&
+	run_with_limited_open_files git update-ref --stdin <large_input &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify -q refs/heads/33
+)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'handle per-worktree refs in refs/bisect' '
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "initial commit" &&
+	git worktree add -b branch worktree &&
+	(
+		cd worktree &&
+		git commit --allow-empty -m "test commit"  &&
+		git for-each-ref >for-each-ref.out &&
+		! grep refs/bisect for-each-ref.out &&
+		git update-ref refs/bisect/something HEAD &&
+		git rev-parse refs/bisect/something >../worktree-head &&
+		git for-each-ref | grep refs/bisect/something
+	) &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/bisect &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/bisect/something &&
+	git update-ref refs/bisect/something HEAD &&
+	git rev-parse refs/bisect/something >main-head &&
+	! test_cmp main-head worktree-head
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh b/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh
index 36378b0e3f..a4ebb0b65f 100755
--- a/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh
+++ b/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh
@@ -29,22 +29,29 @@ reset_to_sane
 
 test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref refuses bare sha1' '
 	echo content >file && git add file && git commit -m one &&
-	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD `git rev-parse HEAD`
+	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD $(git rev-parse HEAD)
 '
 reset_to_sane
 
-test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref deletes HEAD' '
-	git symbolic-ref -d HEAD &&
+test_expect_success 'HEAD cannot be removed' '
+	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref -d HEAD
+'
+
+reset_to_sane
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref can be deleted' '
+	git symbolic-ref NOTHEAD refs/heads/foo &&
+	git symbolic-ref -d NOTHEAD &&
 	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/foo &&
-	test_path_is_missing .git/HEAD
+	test_path_is_missing .git/NOTHEAD
 '
 reset_to_sane
 
-test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref deletes dangling HEAD' '
-	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/missing &&
-	git symbolic-ref -d HEAD &&
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref can delete dangling symref' '
+	git symbolic-ref NOTHEAD refs/heads/missing &&
+	git symbolic-ref -d NOTHEAD &&
 	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/missing &&
-	test_path_is_missing .git/HEAD
+	test_path_is_missing .git/NOTHEAD
 '
 reset_to_sane
 
@@ -58,9 +65,99 @@ reset_to_sane
 test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref fails to delete real ref' '
 	echo "fatal: Cannot delete refs/heads/foo, not a symbolic ref" >expect &&
 	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref -d refs/heads/foo >actual 2>&1 &&
-	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/foo &&
+	git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/foo &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 reset_to_sane
 
+test_expect_success 'create large ref name' '
+	# make 256+ character ref; some systems may not handle that,
+	# so be gentle
+	long=0123456789abcdef &&
+	long=$long/$long/$long/$long &&
+	long=$long/$long/$long/$long &&
+	long_ref=refs/heads/$long &&
+	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	commit=$(echo foo | git commit-tree $tree) &&
+	if git update-ref $long_ref $commit; then
+		test_set_prereq LONG_REF
+	else
+		echo >&2 "long refs not supported"
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success LONG_REF 'symbolic-ref can point to large ref name' '
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD $long_ref &&
+	echo $long_ref >expect &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success LONG_REF 'we can parse long symbolic ref' '
+	echo $commit >expect &&
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref reports failure in exit code' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/HEAD.lock" &&
+	>.git/HEAD.lock &&
+	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/whatever
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref writes reflog entry' '
+	git checkout -b log1 &&
+	test_commit one &&
+	git checkout -b log2  &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	git checkout --orphan orphan &&
+	git symbolic-ref -m create HEAD refs/heads/log1 &&
+	git symbolic-ref -m update HEAD refs/heads/log2 &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	update
+	create
+	EOF
+	git log --format=%gs -g -2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref does not create ref d/f conflicts' '
+	git checkout -b df &&
+	test_commit df &&
+	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref refs/heads/df/conflict refs/heads/df &&
+	git pack-refs --all --prune &&
+	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref refs/heads/df/conflict refs/heads/df
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref can overwrite pointer to invalid name' '
+	test_when_finished reset_to_sane &&
+	head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/outer &&
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/outer/inner" &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/outer/inner $head &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/unrelated
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref can resolve d/f name (EISDIR)' '
+	test_when_finished reset_to_sane &&
+	head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/outer/inner &&
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/outer" &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/outer $head &&
+	echo refs/heads/outer/inner >expect &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref can resolve d/f name (ENOTDIR)' '
+	test_when_finished reset_to_sane &&
+	head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/outer &&
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/outer/inner" &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/outer/inner $head &&
+	echo refs/heads/outer >expect &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1402-check-ref-format.sh b/t/t1402-check-ref-format.sh
index e5dc62e9ef..98e4a8613b 100755
--- a/t/t1402-check-ref-format.sh
+++ b/t/t1402-check-ref-format.sh
@@ -62,9 +62,11 @@ invalid_ref 'heads/foo\bar'
 invalid_ref "$(printf 'heads/foo\t')"
 invalid_ref "$(printf 'heads/foo\177')"
 valid_ref "$(printf 'heads/fu\303\237')"
-invalid_ref 'heads/*foo/bar' --refspec-pattern
-invalid_ref 'heads/foo*/bar' --refspec-pattern
-invalid_ref 'heads/f*o/bar' --refspec-pattern
+valid_ref 'heads/*foo/bar' --refspec-pattern
+valid_ref 'heads/foo*/bar' --refspec-pattern
+valid_ref 'heads/f*o/bar' --refspec-pattern
+invalid_ref 'heads/f*o*/bar' --refspec-pattern
+invalid_ref 'heads/foo*/bar*' --refspec-pattern
 
 ref='foo'
 invalid_ref "$ref"
@@ -142,6 +144,11 @@ test_expect_success "check-ref-format --branch @{-1}" '
 	refname2=$(git check-ref-format --branch @{-2}) &&
 	test "$refname2" = master'
 
+test_expect_success 'check-ref-format --branch -naster' '
+	test_must_fail git check-ref-format --branch -naster >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'check-ref-format --branch from subdir' '
 	mkdir subdir &&
 
@@ -159,6 +166,17 @@ test_expect_success 'check-ref-format --branch from subdir' '
 	test "$refname" = "$sha1"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'check-ref-format --branch @{-1} from non-repo' '
+	nongit test_must_fail git check-ref-format --branch @{-1} >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check-ref-format --branch master from non-repo' '
+	echo master >expect &&
+	nongit git check-ref-format --branch master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 valid_ref_normalized() {
 	prereq=
 	case $1 in
diff --git a/t/t1403-show-ref.sh b/t/t1403-show-ref.sh
index 7e10bcfe39..5d955c3bff 100755
--- a/t/t1403-show-ref.sh
+++ b/t/t1403-show-ref.sh
@@ -26,26 +26,22 @@ test_expect_success 'show-ref' '
 	git show-ref refs/tags/A >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 
-	>expect &&
-
 	test_must_fail git show-ref D >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'show-ref -q' '
-	>expect &&
-
 	git show-ref -q A >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
 	git show-ref -q tags/A >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
 	git show-ref -q refs/tags/A >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
 	test_must_fail git show-ref -q D >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'show-ref --verify' '
@@ -54,32 +50,28 @@ test_expect_success 'show-ref --verify' '
 	git show-ref --verify refs/tags/A >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 
-	>expect &&
-
 	test_must_fail git show-ref --verify A >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
 	test_must_fail git show-ref --verify tags/A >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
 	test_must_fail git show-ref --verify D >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'show-ref --verify -q' '
-	>expect &&
-
 	git show-ref --verify -q refs/tags/A >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
 	test_must_fail git show-ref --verify -q A >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
 	test_must_fail git show-ref --verify -q tags/A >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
 	test_must_fail git show-ref --verify -q D >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'show-ref -d' '
@@ -97,6 +89,9 @@ test_expect_success 'show-ref -d' '
 	git show-ref -d refs/tags/A refs/tags/C >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 
+	git show-ref --verify -d refs/tags/A refs/tags/C >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
 	echo $(git rev-parse refs/heads/master) refs/heads/master >expect &&
 	git show-ref -d master >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
@@ -110,13 +105,17 @@ test_expect_success 'show-ref -d' '
 	git show-ref -d --verify refs/heads/master >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 
-	>expect &&
-
 	test_must_fail git show-ref -d --verify master >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
 	test_must_fail git show-ref -d --verify heads/master >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
+
+	test_must_fail git show-ref --verify -d A C >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
+
+	test_must_fail git show-ref --verify -d tags/A tags/C >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 
 '
 
@@ -164,4 +163,35 @@ test_expect_success 'show-ref --heads, --tags, --head, pattern' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'show-ref --verify HEAD' '
+	echo $(git rev-parse HEAD) HEAD >expect &&
+	git show-ref --verify HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git show-ref --verify -q HEAD >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'show-ref --verify with dangling ref' '
+	sha1_file() {
+		echo "$*" | sed "s#..#.git/objects/&/#"
+	} &&
+
+	remove_object() {
+		file=$(sha1_file "$*") &&
+		test -e "$file" &&
+		rm -f "$file"
+	} &&
+
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf dangling" &&
+	(
+		git init dangling &&
+		cd dangling &&
+		test_commit dangling &&
+		sha=$(git rev-parse refs/tags/dangling) &&
+		remove_object $sha &&
+		test_must_fail git show-ref --verify refs/tags/dangling
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1404-update-ref-errors.sh b/t/t1404-update-ref-errors.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2a42a589a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1404-update-ref-errors.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,621 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test git update-ref error handling'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Create some references, perhaps run pack-refs --all, then try to
+# create some more references. Ensure that the second creation fails
+# with the correct error message.
+# Usage: test_update_rejected <before> <pack> <create> <error>
+#   <before> is a ws-separated list of refs to create before the test
+#   <pack> (true or false) tells whether to pack the refs before the test
+#   <create> is a list of variables to attempt creating
+#   <error> is a string to look for in the stderr of update-ref.
+# All references are created in the namespace specified by the current
+# value of $prefix.
+test_update_rejected () {
+	before="$1" &&
+	pack="$2" &&
+	create="$3" &&
+	error="$4" &&
+	printf "create $prefix/%s $C\n" $before |
+	git update-ref --stdin &&
+	git for-each-ref $prefix >unchanged &&
+	if $pack
+	then
+		git pack-refs --all
+	fi &&
+	printf "create $prefix/%s $C\n" $create >input &&
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin <input 2>output.err &&
+	test_i18ngrep -F "$error" output.err &&
+	git for-each-ref $prefix >actual &&
+	test_cmp unchanged actual
+}
+
+Q="'"
+
+# Test adding and deleting D/F-conflicting references in a single
+# transaction.
+df_test() {
+	prefix="$1"
+	pack=: symadd=false symdel=false add_del=false addref= delref=
+	shift
+	while test $# -gt 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		--pack)
+			pack="git pack-refs --all"
+			shift
+			;;
+		--sym-add)
+			# Perform the add via a symbolic reference
+			symadd=true
+			shift
+			;;
+		--sym-del)
+			# Perform the del via a symbolic reference
+			symdel=true
+			shift
+			;;
+		--del-add)
+			# Delete first reference then add second
+			add_del=false
+			delref="$prefix/r/$2"
+			addref="$prefix/r/$3"
+			shift 3
+			;;
+		--add-del)
+			# Add first reference then delete second
+			add_del=true
+			addref="$prefix/r/$2"
+			delref="$prefix/r/$3"
+			shift 3
+			;;
+		*)
+			echo 1>&2 "Extra args to df_test: $*"
+			return 1
+			;;
+		esac
+	done
+	git update-ref "$delref" $C &&
+	if $symadd
+	then
+		addname="$prefix/s/symadd" &&
+		git symbolic-ref "$addname" "$addref"
+	else
+		addname="$addref"
+	fi &&
+	if $symdel
+	then
+		delname="$prefix/s/symdel" &&
+		git symbolic-ref "$delname" "$delref"
+	else
+		delname="$delref"
+	fi &&
+	cat >expected-err <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$addname$Q: $Q$delref$Q exists; cannot create $Q$addref$Q
+	EOF
+	$pack &&
+	if $add_del
+	then
+		printf "%s\n" "create $addname $D" "delete $delname"
+	else
+		printf "%s\n" "delete $delname" "create $addname $D"
+	fi >commands &&
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin <commands 2>output.err &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected-err output.err &&
+	printf "%s\n" "$C $delref" >expected-refs &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname) %(refname)" $prefix/r >actual-refs &&
+	test_cmp expected-refs actual-refs
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	git commit --allow-empty -m Initial &&
+	C=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m Second &&
+	D=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m Third &&
+	E=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'existing loose ref is a simple prefix of new' '
+
+	prefix=refs/1l &&
+	test_update_rejected "a c e" false "b c/x d" \
+		"$Q$prefix/c$Q exists; cannot create $Q$prefix/c/x$Q"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'existing packed ref is a simple prefix of new' '
+
+	prefix=refs/1p &&
+	test_update_rejected "a c e" true "b c/x d" \
+		"$Q$prefix/c$Q exists; cannot create $Q$prefix/c/x$Q"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'existing loose ref is a deeper prefix of new' '
+
+	prefix=refs/2l &&
+	test_update_rejected "a c e" false "b c/x/y d" \
+		"$Q$prefix/c$Q exists; cannot create $Q$prefix/c/x/y$Q"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'existing packed ref is a deeper prefix of new' '
+
+	prefix=refs/2p &&
+	test_update_rejected "a c e" true "b c/x/y d" \
+		"$Q$prefix/c$Q exists; cannot create $Q$prefix/c/x/y$Q"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'new ref is a simple prefix of existing loose' '
+
+	prefix=refs/3l &&
+	test_update_rejected "a c/x e" false "b c d" \
+		"$Q$prefix/c/x$Q exists; cannot create $Q$prefix/c$Q"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'new ref is a simple prefix of existing packed' '
+
+	prefix=refs/3p &&
+	test_update_rejected "a c/x e" true "b c d" \
+		"$Q$prefix/c/x$Q exists; cannot create $Q$prefix/c$Q"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'new ref is a deeper prefix of existing loose' '
+
+	prefix=refs/4l &&
+	test_update_rejected "a c/x/y e" false "b c d" \
+		"$Q$prefix/c/x/y$Q exists; cannot create $Q$prefix/c$Q"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'new ref is a deeper prefix of existing packed' '
+
+	prefix=refs/4p &&
+	test_update_rejected "a c/x/y e" true "b c d" \
+		"$Q$prefix/c/x/y$Q exists; cannot create $Q$prefix/c$Q"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'one new ref is a simple prefix of another' '
+
+	prefix=refs/5 &&
+	test_update_rejected "a e" false "b c c/x d" \
+		"cannot process $Q$prefix/c$Q and $Q$prefix/c/x$Q at the same time"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty directory should not fool rev-parse' '
+	prefix=refs/e-rev-parse &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	mkdir -p .git/$prefix/foo/bar/baz &&
+	echo "$C" >expected &&
+	git rev-parse $prefix/foo >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty directory should not fool for-each-ref' '
+	prefix=refs/e-for-each-ref &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	git for-each-ref $prefix >expected &&
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	mkdir -p .git/$prefix/foo/bar/baz &&
+	git for-each-ref $prefix >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty directory should not fool create' '
+	prefix=refs/e-create &&
+	mkdir -p .git/$prefix/foo/bar/baz &&
+	printf "create %s $C\n" $prefix/foo |
+	git update-ref --stdin
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty directory should not fool verify' '
+	prefix=refs/e-verify &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	mkdir -p .git/$prefix/foo/bar/baz &&
+	printf "verify %s $C\n" $prefix/foo |
+	git update-ref --stdin
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty directory should not fool 1-arg update' '
+	prefix=refs/e-update-1 &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	mkdir -p .git/$prefix/foo/bar/baz &&
+	printf "update %s $D\n" $prefix/foo |
+	git update-ref --stdin
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty directory should not fool 2-arg update' '
+	prefix=refs/e-update-2 &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	mkdir -p .git/$prefix/foo/bar/baz &&
+	printf "update %s $D $C\n" $prefix/foo |
+	git update-ref --stdin
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty directory should not fool 0-arg delete' '
+	prefix=refs/e-delete-0 &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	mkdir -p .git/$prefix/foo/bar/baz &&
+	printf "delete %s\n" $prefix/foo |
+	git update-ref --stdin
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty directory should not fool 1-arg delete' '
+	prefix=refs/e-delete-1 &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	mkdir -p .git/$prefix/foo/bar/baz &&
+	printf "delete %s $C\n" $prefix/foo |
+	git update-ref --stdin
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F conflict prevents add long + delete short' '
+	df_test refs/df-al-ds --add-del foo/bar foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F conflict prevents add short + delete long' '
+	df_test refs/df-as-dl --add-del foo foo/bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F conflict prevents delete long + add short' '
+	df_test refs/df-dl-as --del-add foo/bar foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F conflict prevents delete short + add long' '
+	df_test refs/df-ds-al --del-add foo foo/bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F conflict prevents add long + delete short packed' '
+	df_test refs/df-al-dsp --pack --add-del foo/bar foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F conflict prevents add short + delete long packed' '
+	df_test refs/df-as-dlp --pack --add-del foo foo/bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F conflict prevents delete long packed + add short' '
+	df_test refs/df-dlp-as --pack --del-add foo/bar foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F conflict prevents delete short packed + add long' '
+	df_test refs/df-dsp-al --pack --del-add foo foo/bar
+'
+
+# Try some combinations involving symbolic refs...
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F conflict prevents indirect add long + delete short' '
+	df_test refs/df-ial-ds --sym-add --add-del foo/bar foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F conflict prevents indirect add long + indirect delete short' '
+	df_test refs/df-ial-ids --sym-add --sym-del --add-del foo/bar foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F conflict prevents indirect add short + indirect delete long' '
+	df_test refs/df-ias-idl --sym-add --sym-del --add-del foo foo/bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F conflict prevents indirect delete long + indirect add short' '
+	df_test refs/df-idl-ias --sym-add --sym-del --del-add foo/bar foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F conflict prevents indirect add long + delete short packed' '
+	df_test refs/df-ial-dsp --sym-add --pack --add-del foo/bar foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F conflict prevents indirect add long + indirect delete short packed' '
+	df_test refs/df-ial-idsp --sym-add --sym-del --pack --add-del foo/bar foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F conflict prevents add long + indirect delete short packed' '
+	df_test refs/df-al-idsp --sym-del --pack --add-del foo/bar foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'D/F conflict prevents indirect delete long packed + indirect add short' '
+	df_test refs/df-idlp-ias --sym-add --sym-del --pack --del-add foo/bar foo
+'
+
+# Test various errors when reading the old values of references...
+
+test_expect_success 'missing old value blocks update' '
+	prefix=refs/missing-update &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/foo$Q: unable to resolve reference $Q$prefix/foo$Q
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "update $prefix/foo $E $D" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'incorrect old value blocks update' '
+	prefix=refs/incorrect-update &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/foo$Q: is at $C but expected $D
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "update $prefix/foo $E $D" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'existing old value blocks create' '
+	prefix=refs/existing-create &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/foo$Q: reference already exists
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "create $prefix/foo $E" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'incorrect old value blocks delete' '
+	prefix=refs/incorrect-delete &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/foo$Q: is at $C but expected $D
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "delete $prefix/foo $D" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'missing old value blocks indirect update' '
+	prefix=refs/missing-indirect-update &&
+	git symbolic-ref $prefix/symref $prefix/foo &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/symref$Q: unable to resolve reference $Q$prefix/foo$Q
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "update $prefix/symref $E $D" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'incorrect old value blocks indirect update' '
+	prefix=refs/incorrect-indirect-update &&
+	git symbolic-ref $prefix/symref $prefix/foo &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/symref$Q: is at $C but expected $D
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "update $prefix/symref $E $D" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'existing old value blocks indirect create' '
+	prefix=refs/existing-indirect-create &&
+	git symbolic-ref $prefix/symref $prefix/foo &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/symref$Q: reference already exists
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "create $prefix/symref $E" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'incorrect old value blocks indirect delete' '
+	prefix=refs/incorrect-indirect-delete &&
+	git symbolic-ref $prefix/symref $prefix/foo &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/symref$Q: is at $C but expected $D
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "delete $prefix/symref $D" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'missing old value blocks indirect no-deref update' '
+	prefix=refs/missing-noderef-update &&
+	git symbolic-ref $prefix/symref $prefix/foo &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/symref$Q: reference is missing but expected $D
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "option no-deref" "update $prefix/symref $E $D" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'incorrect old value blocks indirect no-deref update' '
+	prefix=refs/incorrect-noderef-update &&
+	git symbolic-ref $prefix/symref $prefix/foo &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/symref$Q: is at $C but expected $D
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "option no-deref" "update $prefix/symref $E $D" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'existing old value blocks indirect no-deref create' '
+	prefix=refs/existing-noderef-create &&
+	git symbolic-ref $prefix/symref $prefix/foo &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/symref$Q: reference already exists
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "option no-deref" "create $prefix/symref $E" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'incorrect old value blocks indirect no-deref delete' '
+	prefix=refs/incorrect-noderef-delete &&
+	git symbolic-ref $prefix/symref $prefix/foo &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/symref$Q: is at $C but expected $D
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "option no-deref" "delete $prefix/symref $D" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non-empty directory blocks create' '
+	prefix=refs/ne-create &&
+	mkdir -p .git/$prefix/foo/bar &&
+	: >.git/$prefix/foo/bar/baz.lock &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/$prefix/foo/bar/baz.lock" &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/foo$Q: there is a non-empty directory $Q.git/$prefix/foo$Q blocking reference $Q$prefix/foo$Q
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "update $prefix/foo $C" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/foo$Q: unable to resolve reference $Q$prefix/foo$Q
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "update $prefix/foo $D $C" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'broken reference blocks create' '
+	prefix=refs/broken-create &&
+	mkdir -p .git/$prefix &&
+	echo "gobbledigook" >.git/$prefix/foo &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/$prefix/foo" &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/foo$Q: unable to resolve reference $Q$prefix/foo$Q: reference broken
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "update $prefix/foo $C" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/foo$Q: unable to resolve reference $Q$prefix/foo$Q: reference broken
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "update $prefix/foo $D $C" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non-empty directory blocks indirect create' '
+	prefix=refs/ne-indirect-create &&
+	git symbolic-ref $prefix/symref $prefix/foo &&
+	mkdir -p .git/$prefix/foo/bar &&
+	: >.git/$prefix/foo/bar/baz.lock &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/$prefix/foo/bar/baz.lock" &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/symref$Q: there is a non-empty directory $Q.git/$prefix/foo$Q blocking reference $Q$prefix/foo$Q
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "update $prefix/symref $C" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/symref$Q: unable to resolve reference $Q$prefix/foo$Q
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "update $prefix/symref $D $C" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'broken reference blocks indirect create' '
+	prefix=refs/broken-indirect-create &&
+	git symbolic-ref $prefix/symref $prefix/foo &&
+	echo "gobbledigook" >.git/$prefix/foo &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/$prefix/foo" &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/symref$Q: unable to resolve reference $Q$prefix/foo$Q: reference broken
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "update $prefix/symref $C" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: cannot lock ref $Q$prefix/symref$Q: unable to resolve reference $Q$prefix/foo$Q: reference broken
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "update $prefix/symref $D $C" |
+	test_must_fail git update-ref --stdin 2>output.err &&
+	test_cmp expected output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no bogus intermediate values during delete' '
+	prefix=refs/slow-transaction &&
+	# Set up a reference with differing loose and packed versions:
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $D &&
+	git for-each-ref $prefix >unchanged &&
+	# Now try to update the reference, but hold the `packed-refs` lock
+	# for a while to see what happens while the process is blocked:
+	: >.git/packed-refs.lock &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/packed-refs.lock" &&
+	{
+		# Note: the following command is intentionally run in the
+		# background. We increase the timeout so that `update-ref`
+		# attempts to acquire the `packed-refs` lock for longer than
+		# it takes for us to do the check then delete it:
+		git -c core.packedrefstimeout=3000 update-ref -d $prefix/foo &
+	} &&
+	pid2=$! &&
+	# Give update-ref plenty of time to get to the point where it tries
+	# to lock packed-refs:
+	sleep 1 &&
+	# Make sure that update-ref did not complete despite the lock:
+	kill -0 $pid2 &&
+	# Verify that the reference still has its old value:
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse --verify --quiet $prefix/foo || echo undefined) &&
+	case "$sha1" in
+	$D)
+		# This is what we hope for; it means that nothing
+		# user-visible has changed yet.
+		: ;;
+	undefined)
+		# This is not correct; it means the deletion has happened
+		# already even though update-ref should not have been
+		# able to acquire the lock yet.
+		echo "$prefix/foo deleted prematurely" &&
+		break
+		;;
+	$C)
+		# This value should never be seen. Probably the loose
+		# reference has been deleted but the packed reference
+		# is still there:
+		echo "$prefix/foo incorrectly observed to be C" &&
+		break
+		;;
+	*)
+		# WTF?
+		echo "unexpected value observed for $prefix/foo: $sha1" &&
+		break
+		;;
+	esac >out &&
+	rm -f .git/packed-refs.lock &&
+	wait $pid2 &&
+	test_must_be_empty out &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify --quiet $prefix/foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'delete fails cleanly if packed-refs file is locked' '
+	prefix=refs/locked-packed-refs &&
+	# Set up a reference with differing loose and packed versions:
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $C &&
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	git update-ref $prefix/foo $D &&
+	git for-each-ref $prefix >unchanged &&
+	# Now try to delete it while the `packed-refs` lock is held:
+	: >.git/packed-refs.lock &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/packed-refs.lock" &&
+	test_must_fail git update-ref -d $prefix/foo >out 2>err &&
+	git for-each-ref $prefix >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Unable to create $Q.*packed-refs.lock$Q: File exists" err &&
+	test_cmp unchanged actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1405-main-ref-store.sh b/t/t1405-main-ref-store.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a74c38b5fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1405-main-ref-store.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test main ref store api'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+RUN="test-tool ref-store main"
+
+test_expect_success 'pack_refs(PACK_REFS_ALL | PACK_REFS_PRUNE)' '
+	test_commit one &&
+	N=`find .git/refs -type f | wc -l` &&
+	test "$N" != 0 &&
+	$RUN pack-refs 3 &&
+	N=`find .git/refs -type f | wc -l`
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'peel_ref(new-tag)' '
+	git rev-parse HEAD >expected &&
+	git tag -a -m new-tag new-tag HEAD &&
+	$RUN peel-ref refs/tags/new-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create_symref(FOO, refs/heads/master)' '
+	$RUN create-symref FOO refs/heads/master nothing &&
+	echo refs/heads/master >expected &&
+	git symbolic-ref FOO >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'delete_refs(FOO, refs/tags/new-tag)' '
+	git rev-parse FOO -- &&
+	git rev-parse refs/tags/new-tag -- &&
+	$RUN delete-refs 0 nothing FOO refs/tags/new-tag &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse FOO -- &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/tags/new-tag --
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rename_refs(master, new-master)' '
+	git rev-parse master >expected &&
+	$RUN rename-ref refs/heads/master refs/heads/new-master &&
+	git rev-parse new-master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	test_commit recreate-master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'for_each_ref(refs/heads/)' '
+	$RUN for-each-ref refs/heads/ | cut -d" " -f 2- >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	master 0x0
+	new-master 0x0
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'for_each_ref() is sorted' '
+	$RUN for-each-ref refs/heads/ | cut -c 42- >actual &&
+	sort actual > expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'resolve_ref(new-master)' '
+	SHA1=`git rev-parse new-master` &&
+	echo "$SHA1 refs/heads/new-master 0x0" >expected &&
+	$RUN resolve-ref refs/heads/new-master 0 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify_ref(new-master)' '
+	$RUN verify-ref refs/heads/new-master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'for_each_reflog()' '
+	$RUN for-each-reflog | sort -k2 | cut -c 42- >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	HEAD 0x1
+	refs/heads/master 0x0
+	refs/heads/new-master 0x0
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'for_each_reflog_ent()' '
+	$RUN for-each-reflog-ent HEAD >actual &&
+	head -n1 actual | grep one &&
+	tail -n2 actual | head -n1 | grep recreate-master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'for_each_reflog_ent_reverse()' '
+	$RUN for-each-reflog-ent-reverse HEAD >actual &&
+	head -n1 actual | grep recreate-master &&
+	tail -n2 actual | head -n1 | grep one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reflog_exists(HEAD)' '
+	$RUN reflog-exists HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'delete_reflog(HEAD)' '
+	$RUN delete-reflog HEAD &&
+	! test -f .git/logs/HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create-reflog(HEAD)' '
+	$RUN create-reflog HEAD 1 &&
+	test -f .git/logs/HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'delete_ref(refs/heads/foo)' '
+	git checkout -b foo &&
+	FOO_SHA1=`git rev-parse foo` &&
+	git checkout --detach &&
+	test_commit bar-commit &&
+	git checkout -b bar &&
+	BAR_SHA1=`git rev-parse bar` &&
+	$RUN update-ref updating refs/heads/foo $BAR_SHA1 $FOO_SHA1 0 &&
+	echo $BAR_SHA1 >expected &&
+	git rev-parse refs/heads/foo >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'delete_ref(refs/heads/foo)' '
+	SHA1=`git rev-parse foo` &&
+	git checkout --detach &&
+	$RUN delete-ref msg refs/heads/foo $SHA1 0 &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/heads/foo --
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1406-submodule-ref-store.sh b/t/t1406-submodule-ref-store.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e093782cc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1406-submodule-ref-store.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test submodule ref store api'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+RUN="test-tool ref-store submodule:sub"
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	git init sub &&
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		test_commit first &&
+		git checkout -b new-master
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack_refs() not allowed' '
+	test_must_fail $RUN pack-refs 3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'peel_ref(new-tag)' '
+	git -C sub rev-parse HEAD >expected &&
+	git -C sub tag -a -m new-tag new-tag HEAD &&
+	$RUN peel-ref refs/tags/new-tag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create_symref() not allowed' '
+	test_must_fail $RUN create-symref FOO refs/heads/master nothing
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'delete_refs() not allowed' '
+	test_must_fail $RUN delete-refs 0 nothing FOO refs/tags/new-tag
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rename_refs() not allowed' '
+	test_must_fail $RUN rename-ref refs/heads/master refs/heads/new-master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'for_each_ref(refs/heads/)' '
+	$RUN for-each-ref refs/heads/ | cut -c 42- >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	master 0x0
+	new-master 0x0
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'for_each_ref() is sorted' '
+	$RUN for-each-ref refs/heads/ | cut -c 42- >actual &&
+	sort actual > expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'resolve_ref(master)' '
+	SHA1=`git -C sub rev-parse master` &&
+	echo "$SHA1 refs/heads/master 0x0" >expected &&
+	$RUN resolve-ref refs/heads/master 0 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify_ref(new-master)' '
+	$RUN verify-ref refs/heads/new-master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'for_each_reflog()' '
+	$RUN for-each-reflog | sort | cut -c 42- >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	HEAD 0x1
+	refs/heads/master 0x0
+	refs/heads/new-master 0x0
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'for_each_reflog_ent()' '
+	$RUN for-each-reflog-ent HEAD >actual && cat actual &&
+	head -n1 actual | grep first &&
+	tail -n2 actual | head -n1 | grep master.to.new
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'for_each_reflog_ent_reverse()' '
+	$RUN for-each-reflog-ent-reverse HEAD >actual &&
+	head -n1 actual | grep master.to.new &&
+	tail -n2 actual | head -n1 | grep first
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reflog_exists(HEAD)' '
+	$RUN reflog-exists HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'delete_reflog() not allowed' '
+	test_must_fail $RUN delete-reflog HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create-reflog() not allowed' '
+	test_must_fail $RUN create-reflog HEAD 1
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1407-worktree-ref-store.sh b/t/t1407-worktree-ref-store.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4623ae15c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1407-worktree-ref-store.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test worktree ref store api'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+RWT="test-tool ref-store worktree:wt"
+RMAIN="test-tool ref-store worktree:main"
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit first &&
+	git worktree add -b wt-master wt &&
+	(
+		cd wt &&
+		test_commit second
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'resolve_ref(<shared-ref>)' '
+	SHA1=`git rev-parse master` &&
+	echo "$SHA1 refs/heads/master 0x0" >expected &&
+	$RWT resolve-ref refs/heads/master 0 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	$RMAIN resolve-ref refs/heads/master 0 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'resolve_ref(<per-worktree-ref>)' '
+	SHA1=`git -C wt rev-parse HEAD` &&
+	echo "$SHA1 refs/heads/wt-master 0x1" >expected &&
+	$RWT resolve-ref HEAD 0 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	SHA1=`git rev-parse HEAD` &&
+	echo "$SHA1 refs/heads/master 0x1" >expected &&
+	$RMAIN resolve-ref HEAD 0 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create_symref(FOO, refs/heads/master)' '
+	$RWT create-symref FOO refs/heads/master nothing &&
+	echo refs/heads/master >expected &&
+	git -C wt symbolic-ref FOO >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	$RMAIN create-symref FOO refs/heads/wt-master nothing &&
+	echo refs/heads/wt-master >expected &&
+	git symbolic-ref FOO >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'for_each_reflog()' '
+	echo $ZERO_OID > .git/logs/PSEUDO-MAIN &&
+	mkdir -p     .git/logs/refs/bisect &&
+	echo $ZERO_OID > .git/logs/refs/bisect/random &&
+
+	echo $ZERO_OID > .git/worktrees/wt/logs/PSEUDO-WT &&
+	mkdir -p     .git/worktrees/wt/logs/refs/bisect &&
+	echo $ZERO_OID > .git/worktrees/wt/logs/refs/bisect/wt-random &&
+
+	$RWT for-each-reflog | cut -c 42- | sort >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	HEAD 0x1
+	PSEUDO-WT 0x0
+	refs/bisect/wt-random 0x0
+	refs/heads/master 0x0
+	refs/heads/wt-master 0x0
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	$RMAIN for-each-reflog | cut -c 42- | sort >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	HEAD 0x1
+	PSEUDO-MAIN 0x0
+	refs/bisect/random 0x0
+	refs/heads/master 0x0
+	refs/heads/wt-master 0x0
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1408-packed-refs.sh b/t/t1408-packed-refs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1e44a17eea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1408-packed-refs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='packed-refs entries are covered by loose refs'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m one &&
+	one=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git for-each-ref >actual &&
+	echo "$one commit	refs/heads/master" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	git for-each-ref >actual &&
+	echo "$one commit	refs/heads/master" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git checkout --orphan another &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m two &&
+	two=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git checkout -B master &&
+	git branch -D another &&
+
+	git for-each-ref >actual &&
+	echo "$two commit	refs/heads/master" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git reflog expire --expire=now --all &&
+	git prune &&
+	git tag -m v1.0 v1.0 master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no error from stale entry in packed-refs' '
+	git describe master >actual 2>&1 &&
+	echo "v1.0" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1409-avoid-packing-refs.sh b/t/t1409-avoid-packing-refs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e5cb8a252d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1409-avoid-packing-refs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='avoid rewriting packed-refs unnecessarily'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Add an identifying mark to the packed-refs file header line. This
+# shouldn't upset readers, and it should be omitted if the file is
+# ever rewritten.
+mark_packed_refs () {
+	sed -e "s/^\(#.*\)/\1 t1409 /" <.git/packed-refs >.git/packed-refs.new &&
+	mv .git/packed-refs.new .git/packed-refs
+}
+
+# Verify that the packed-refs file is still marked.
+check_packed_refs_marked () {
+	grep -q '^#.* t1409 ' .git/packed-refs
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "Commit A" &&
+	A=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "Commit B" &&
+	B=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "Commit C" &&
+	C=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not create packed-refs file gratuitously' '
+	test_must_fail test -f .git/packed-refs &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/foo $A &&
+	test_must_fail test -f .git/packed-refs &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/foo $B &&
+	test_must_fail test -f .git/packed-refs &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/foo $C $B &&
+	test_must_fail test -f .git/packed-refs &&
+	git update-ref -d refs/heads/foo &&
+	test_must_fail test -f .git/packed-refs
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check that marking the packed-refs file works' '
+	git for-each-ref >expected &&
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	mark_packed_refs &&
+	check_packed_refs_marked &&
+	git for-each-ref >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	test_must_fail check_packed_refs_marked &&
+	git for-each-ref >actual2 &&
+	test_cmp expected actual2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'leave packed-refs untouched on update of packed' '
+	git update-ref refs/heads/packed-update $A &&
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	mark_packed_refs &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/packed-update $B &&
+	check_packed_refs_marked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'leave packed-refs untouched on checked update of packed' '
+	git update-ref refs/heads/packed-checked-update $A &&
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	mark_packed_refs &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/packed-checked-update $B $A &&
+	check_packed_refs_marked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'leave packed-refs untouched on verify of packed' '
+	git update-ref refs/heads/packed-verify $A &&
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	mark_packed_refs &&
+	echo "verify refs/heads/packed-verify $A" | git update-ref --stdin &&
+	check_packed_refs_marked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'touch packed-refs on delete of packed' '
+	git update-ref refs/heads/packed-delete $A &&
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	mark_packed_refs &&
+	git update-ref -d refs/heads/packed-delete &&
+	test_must_fail check_packed_refs_marked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'leave packed-refs untouched on update of loose' '
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/loose-update $A &&
+	mark_packed_refs &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/loose-update $B &&
+	check_packed_refs_marked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'leave packed-refs untouched on checked update of loose' '
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/loose-checked-update $A &&
+	mark_packed_refs &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/loose-checked-update $B $A &&
+	check_packed_refs_marked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'leave packed-refs untouched on verify of loose' '
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/loose-verify $A &&
+	mark_packed_refs &&
+	echo "verify refs/heads/loose-verify $A" | git update-ref --stdin &&
+	check_packed_refs_marked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'leave packed-refs untouched on delete of loose' '
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/loose-delete $A &&
+	mark_packed_refs &&
+	git update-ref -d refs/heads/loose-delete &&
+	check_packed_refs_marked
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1410-reflog.sh b/t/t1410-reflog.sh
index 779d4e3829..388b0611d8 100755
--- a/t/t1410-reflog.sh
+++ b/t/t1410-reflog.sh
@@ -62,18 +62,18 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git add . &&
 
 	test_tick && git commit -m rabbit &&
-	H=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD` &&
-	A=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD:A` &&
-	B=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD:A/B` &&
-	C=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD:C` &&
-	D=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD:A/D` &&
-	E=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD:A/B/E` &&
+	H=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	A=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:A) &&
+	B=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:A/B) &&
+	C=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:C) &&
+	D=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:A/D) &&
+	E=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:A/B/E) &&
 	check_fsck &&
 
 	test_chmod +x C &&
 	git add C &&
 	test_tick && git commit -m dragon &&
-	L=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD` &&
+	L=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	check_fsck &&
 
 	rm -f C A/B/E &&
@@ -81,15 +81,15 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	echo horse >A/G &&
 	git add F A/G &&
 	test_tick && git commit -a -m sheep &&
-	F=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD:F` &&
-	G=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD:A/G` &&
-	I=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD:A` &&
-	J=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD` &&
+	F=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:F) &&
+	G=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:A/G) &&
+	I=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:A) &&
+	J=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	check_fsck &&
 
 	rm -f A/G &&
 	test_tick && git commit -a -m monkey &&
-	K=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD` &&
+	K=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	check_fsck &&
 
 	check_have A B C D E F G H I J K L &&
@@ -100,7 +100,8 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 	check_fsck &&
 
-	test_line_count = 4 .git/logs/refs/heads/master
+	git reflog refs/heads/master >output &&
+	test_line_count = 4 output
 '
 
 test_expect_success rewind '
@@ -116,7 +117,8 @@ test_expect_success rewind '
 
 	check_have A B C D E F G H I J K L &&
 
-	test_line_count = 5 .git/logs/refs/heads/master
+	git reflog refs/heads/master >output &&
+	test_line_count = 5 output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'corrupt and check' '
@@ -134,7 +136,8 @@ test_expect_success 'reflog expire --dry-run should not touch reflog' '
 		--stale-fix \
 		--all &&
 
-	test_line_count = 5 .git/logs/refs/heads/master &&
+	git reflog refs/heads/master >output &&
+	test_line_count = 5 output &&
 
 	check_fsck "missing blob $F"
 '
@@ -147,7 +150,8 @@ test_expect_success 'reflog expire' '
 		--stale-fix \
 		--all &&
 
-	test_line_count = 2 .git/logs/refs/heads/master &&
+	git reflog refs/heads/master >output &&
+	test_line_count = 2 output &&
 
 	check_fsck "dangling commit $K"
 '
@@ -213,7 +217,8 @@ test_expect_success 'delete' '
 test_expect_success 'rewind2' '
 
 	test_tick && git reset --hard HEAD~2 &&
-	test_line_count = 4 .git/logs/refs/heads/master
+	git reflog refs/heads/master >output &&
+	test_line_count = 4 output
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--expire=never' '
@@ -222,7 +227,8 @@ test_expect_success '--expire=never' '
 		--expire=never \
 		--expire-unreachable=never \
 		--all &&
-	test_line_count = 4 .git/logs/refs/heads/master
+	git reflog refs/heads/master >output &&
+	test_line_count = 4 output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'gc.reflogexpire=never' '
@@ -230,7 +236,8 @@ test_expect_success 'gc.reflogexpire=never' '
 	git config gc.reflogexpire never &&
 	git config gc.reflogexpireunreachable never &&
 	git reflog expire --verbose --all &&
-	test_line_count = 4 .git/logs/refs/heads/master
+	git reflog refs/heads/master >output &&
+	test_line_count = 4 output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'gc.reflogexpire=false' '
@@ -238,7 +245,8 @@ test_expect_success 'gc.reflogexpire=false' '
 	git config gc.reflogexpire false &&
 	git config gc.reflogexpireunreachable false &&
 	git reflog expire --verbose --all &&
-	test_line_count = 4 .git/logs/refs/heads/master &&
+	git reflog refs/heads/master >output &&
+	test_line_count = 4 output &&
 
 	git config --unset gc.reflogexpire &&
 	git config --unset gc.reflogexpireunreachable
@@ -282,9 +290,8 @@ test_expect_success 'stale dirs do not cause d/f conflicts (reflogs off)' '
 	# same as before, but we only create a reflog for "one" if
 	# it already exists, which it does not
 	git -c core.logallrefupdates=false branch one master &&
-	: >expect &&
 	git log -g --format="%gd %gs" one >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 # Triggering the bug detected by this test requires a newline to fall
@@ -317,4 +324,48 @@ test_expect_success 'parsing reverse reflogs at BUFSIZ boundaries' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'no segfaults for reflog containing non-commit sha1s' '
+	git update-ref --create-reflog -m "Creating ref" \
+		refs/tests/tree-in-reflog HEAD &&
+	git update-ref -m "Forcing tree" refs/tests/tree-in-reflog HEAD^{tree} &&
+	git update-ref -m "Restoring to commit" refs/tests/tree-in-reflog HEAD &&
+	git reflog refs/tests/tree-in-reflog
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'reflog with non-commit entries displays all entries' '
+	git reflog refs/tests/tree-in-reflog >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 3 actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reflog expire operates on symref not referrent' '
+	git branch --create-reflog the_symref &&
+	git branch --create-reflog referrent &&
+	git update-ref referrent HEAD &&
+	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/the_symref refs/heads/referrent &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/referrent.lock" &&
+	touch .git/refs/heads/referrent.lock &&
+	git reflog expire --expire=all the_symref
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'continue walking past root commits' '
+	git init orphanage &&
+	(
+		cd orphanage &&
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		HEAD@{0} commit (initial): orphan2-1
+		HEAD@{1} commit: orphan1-2
+		HEAD@{2} commit (initial): orphan1-1
+		HEAD@{3} commit (initial): initial
+		EOF
+		test_commit initial &&
+		git checkout --orphan orphan1 &&
+		test_commit orphan1-1 &&
+		test_commit orphan1-2 &&
+		git checkout --orphan orphan2 &&
+		test_commit orphan2-1 &&
+		git log -g --format="%gd %gs" >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh b/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh
index 6f47c0dd0e..985daf1def 100755
--- a/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh
+++ b/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	git commit -m one
 '
 
+commit=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD)
 cat >expect <<'EOF'
 Reflog: HEAD@{0} (C O Mitter <committer@example.com>)
 Reflog message: commit (initial): one
@@ -20,8 +21,8 @@ test_expect_success 'log -g shows reflog headers' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-cat >expect <<'EOF'
-e46513e HEAD@{0}: commit (initial): one
+cat >expect <<EOF
+$commit HEAD@{0}: commit (initial): one
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'oneline reflog format' '
 	git log -g -1 --oneline >actual &&
@@ -33,8 +34,8 @@ test_expect_success 'reflog default format' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-cat >expect <<'EOF'
-commit e46513e
+cat >expect <<EOF
+commit $commit
 Reflog: HEAD@{0} (C O Mitter <committer@example.com>)
 Reflog message: commit (initial): one
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
@@ -56,8 +57,8 @@ test_expect_success 'using @{now} syntax shows reflog date (multiline)' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-cat >expect <<'EOF'
-e46513e HEAD@{Thu Apr 7 15:13:13 2005 -0700}: commit (initial): one
+cat >expect <<EOF
+$commit HEAD@{Thu Apr 7 15:13:13 2005 -0700}: commit (initial): one
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'using @{now} syntax shows reflog date (oneline)' '
 	git log -g -1 --oneline HEAD@{now} >actual &&
@@ -82,8 +83,8 @@ test_expect_success 'using --date= shows reflog date (multiline)' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-cat >expect <<'EOF'
-e46513e HEAD@{Thu Apr 7 15:13:13 2005 -0700}: commit (initial): one
+cat >expect <<EOF
+$commit HEAD@{Thu Apr 7 15:13:13 2005 -0700}: commit (initial): one
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'using --date= shows reflog date (oneline)' '
 	git log -g -1 --oneline --date=default >actual &&
@@ -109,8 +110,8 @@ test_expect_success 'log.date does not invoke "--date" magic (multiline)' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-cat >expect <<'EOF'
-e46513e HEAD@{0}: commit (initial): one
+cat >expect <<EOF
+$commit HEAD@{0}: commit (initial): one
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'log.date does not invoke "--date" magic (oneline)' '
 	test_config log.date raw &&
@@ -135,13 +136,12 @@ test_expect_success '--date magic does not override explicit @{0} syntax' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-: >expect
 test_expect_success 'empty reflog file' '
 	git branch empty &&
-	: >.git/logs/refs/heads/empty &&
+	git reflog expire --expire=all refs/heads/empty &&
 
 	git log -g empty >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 # This guards against the alternative of showing the diffs vs. the
@@ -158,12 +158,17 @@ test_expect_success 'git log -g -p shows diffs vs. parents' '
 	git log -1 -p HEAD^ >log.one &&
 	git log -1 -p HEAD >log.two &&
 	(
-		cat log.one; echo
-		cat log.two; echo
-		cat log.one; echo
+		cat log.one && echo &&
+		cat log.two && echo &&
+		cat log.one && echo &&
 		cat log.two
 	) >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'reflog exists works' '
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/master &&
+	! git reflog exists refs/heads/nonexistent
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1414-reflog-walk.sh b/t/t1414-reflog-walk.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..feb1efd8ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1414-reflog-walk.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='various tests of reflog walk (log -g) behavior'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'set up some reflog entries' '
+	test_commit one &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	git checkout -b side HEAD^ &&
+	test_commit three &&
+	git merge --no-commit master &&
+	echo evil-merge-content >>one.t &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --no-edit -a
+'
+
+do_walk () {
+	git log -g --format="%gd %gs" "$@"
+}
+
+sq="'"
+test_expect_success 'set up expected reflog' '
+	cat >expect.all <<-EOF
+	HEAD@{0} commit (merge): Merge branch ${sq}master${sq} into side
+	HEAD@{1} commit: three
+	HEAD@{2} checkout: moving from master to side
+	HEAD@{3} commit: two
+	HEAD@{4} commit (initial): one
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reflog walk shows expected logs' '
+	do_walk >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.all actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reflog can limit with --no-merges' '
+	grep -v merge expect.all >expect &&
+	do_walk --no-merges >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reflog can limit with pathspecs' '
+	grep two expect.all >expect &&
+	do_walk -- two.t >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pathspec limiting handles merges' '
+	# we pick up:
+	#   - the initial commit of one
+	#   - the checkout back to commit one
+	#   - the evil merge which touched one
+	sed -n "1p;3p;5p" expect.all >expect &&
+	do_walk -- one.t >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--parents shows true parents' '
+	# convert newlines to spaces
+	echo $(git rev-parse HEAD HEAD^1 HEAD^2) >expect &&
+	git rev-list -g --parents -1 HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'walking multiple reflogs shows all' '
+	# We expect to see all entries for all reflogs, but interleaved by
+	# date, with order on the command line breaking ties. We
+	# can use "sort" on the separate lists to generate this,
+	# but note two tricks:
+	#
+	#   1. We use "{" as the delimiter, which lets us skip to the reflog
+	#      date specifier as our second field, and then our "-n" numeric
+	#      sort ignores the bits after the timestamp.
+	#
+	#   2. POSIX leaves undefined whether this is a stable sort or not. So
+	#      we use "-k 1" to ensure that we see HEAD before master before
+	#      side when breaking ties.
+	{
+		do_walk --date=unix HEAD &&
+		do_walk --date=unix side &&
+		do_walk --date=unix master
+	} >expect.raw &&
+	sort -t "{" -k 2nr -k 1 <expect.raw >expect &&
+	do_walk --date=unix HEAD master side >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'date-limiting does not interfere with other logs' '
+	do_walk HEAD@{1979-01-01} HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.all actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'min/max age uses entry date to limit' '
+	# Flip between commits one and two so each ref update actually
+	# does something (and does not get optimized out). We know
+	# that the timestamps of those commits will be before our "min".
+
+	git update-ref -m before refs/heads/minmax one &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	min=$test_tick &&
+	git update-ref -m min refs/heads/minmax two &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	max=$test_tick &&
+	git update-ref -m max refs/heads/minmax one &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git update-ref -m after refs/heads/minmax two &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	max
+	min
+	EOF
+	git log -g --since=$min --until=$max --format=%gs minmax >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'walk prefers reflog to ref tip' '
+	head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	one=$(git rev-parse one) &&
+	ident="$GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE" &&
+	echo "$head $one $ident	broken reflog entry" >>.git/logs/HEAD &&
+
+	echo $one >expect &&
+	git log -g --format=%H -1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list -g complains when there are no reflogs' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-list -g
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1430-bad-ref-name.sh b/t/t1430-bad-ref-name.sh
index 468e85621a..c7878a60ed 100755
--- a/t/t1430-bad-ref-name.sh
+++ b/t/t1430-bad-ref-name.sh
@@ -38,18 +38,20 @@ test_expect_success 'fast-import: fail on invalid branch name "bad[branch]name"'
 	test_must_fail git fast-import <input
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'git branch shows badly named ref' '
+test_expect_success 'git branch shows badly named ref as warning' '
 	cp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/broken...ref &&
 	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...ref" &&
-	git branch >output &&
-	grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" output
+	git branch >output 2>error &&
+	test_i18ngrep -e "ignoring ref with broken name refs/heads/broken\.\.\.ref" error &&
+	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'branch -d can delete badly named ref' '
 	cp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/broken...ref &&
 	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...ref" &&
 	git branch -d broken...ref &&
-	git branch >output &&
+	git branch >output 2>error &&
+	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" error &&
 	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" output
 '
 
@@ -57,7 +59,8 @@ test_expect_success 'branch -D can delete badly named ref' '
 	cp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/broken...ref &&
 	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...ref" &&
 	git branch -D broken...ref &&
-	git branch >output &&
+	git branch >output 2>error &&
+	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" error &&
 	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" output
 '
 
@@ -68,6 +71,14 @@ test_expect_success 'branch -D cannot delete non-ref in .git dir' '
 	test_cmp expect .git/my-private-file
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'branch -D cannot delete ref in .git dir' '
+	git rev-parse HEAD >.git/my-private-file &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD >expect &&
+	git branch foo/legit &&
+	test_must_fail git branch -D foo////./././../../../my-private-file &&
+	test_cmp expect .git/my-private-file
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'branch -D cannot delete absolute path' '
 	git branch -f extra &&
 	test_must_fail git branch -D "$(pwd)/.git/refs/heads/extra" &&
@@ -77,7 +88,8 @@ test_expect_success 'branch -D cannot delete absolute path' '
 test_expect_success 'git branch cannot create a badly named ref' '
 	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...ref" &&
 	test_must_fail git branch broken...ref &&
-	git branch >output &&
+	git branch >output 2>error &&
+	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" error &&
 	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" output
 '
 
@@ -87,7 +99,8 @@ test_expect_success 'branch -m cannot rename to a bad ref name' '
 	git branch goodref &&
 	test_must_fail git branch -m goodref broken...ref &&
 	test_cmp_rev master goodref &&
-	git branch >output &&
+	git branch >output 2>error &&
+	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" error &&
 	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" output
 '
 
@@ -96,18 +109,20 @@ test_expect_failure 'branch -m can rename from a bad ref name' '
 	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...ref" &&
 	git branch -m broken...ref renamed &&
 	test_cmp_rev master renamed &&
-	git branch >output &&
+	git branch >output 2>error &&
+	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" error &&
 	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push cannot create a badly named ref' '
 	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...ref" &&
 	test_must_fail git push "file://$(pwd)" HEAD:refs/heads/broken...ref &&
-	git branch >output &&
+	git branch >output 2>error &&
+	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" error &&
 	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" output
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'push --mirror can delete badly named ref' '
+test_expect_failure C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'push --mirror can delete badly named ref' '
 	top=$(pwd) &&
 	git init src &&
 	git init dest &&
@@ -123,7 +138,8 @@ test_expect_failure 'push --mirror can delete badly named ref' '
 		cp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/broken...ref
 	) &&
 	git -C src push --mirror "file://$top/dest" &&
-	git -C dest branch >output &&
+	git -C dest branch >output 2>error &&
+	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" error &&
 	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" output
 '
 
@@ -131,34 +147,145 @@ test_expect_success 'rev-parse skips symref pointing to broken name' '
 	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...ref" &&
 	git branch shadow one &&
 	cp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/broken...ref &&
-	git symbolic-ref refs/tags/shadow refs/heads/broken...ref &&
-
+	printf "ref: refs/heads/broken...ref\n" >.git/refs/tags/shadow &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/tags/shadow" &&
 	git rev-parse --verify one >expect &&
 	git rev-parse --verify shadow >actual 2>err &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
-	test_i18ngrep "ignoring.*refs/tags/shadow" err
+	test_i18ngrep "ignoring dangling symref refs/tags/shadow" err
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'update-ref --no-deref -d can delete reference to broken name' '
-	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/badname refs/heads/broken...ref &&
+test_expect_success 'for-each-ref emits warnings for broken names' '
+	cp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/broken...ref &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...ref" &&
+	printf "ref: refs/heads/broken...ref\n" >.git/refs/heads/badname &&
 	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/badname" &&
-	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/badname &&
-	git update-ref --no-deref -d refs/heads/badname &&
-	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/badname
+	printf "ref: refs/heads/master\n" >.git/refs/heads/broken...symref &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...symref" &&
+	git for-each-ref >output 2>error &&
+	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" output &&
+	! grep -e "badname" output &&
+	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.symref" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "ignoring ref with broken name refs/heads/broken\.\.\.ref" error &&
+	test_i18ngrep "ignoring broken ref refs/heads/badname" error &&
+	test_i18ngrep "ignoring ref with broken name refs/heads/broken\.\.\.symref" error
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'update-ref -d can delete broken name' '
 	cp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/broken...ref &&
 	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...ref" &&
-	git update-ref -d refs/heads/broken...ref &&
-	git branch >output &&
+	git update-ref -d refs/heads/broken...ref >output 2>error &&
+	test_must_be_empty output &&
+	test_must_be_empty error &&
+	git branch >output 2>error &&
+	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" error &&
 	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" output
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'branch -d can delete broken name' '
+	cp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/broken...ref &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...ref" &&
+	git branch -d broken...ref >output 2>error &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Deleted branch broken...ref (was broken)" output &&
+	test_must_be_empty error &&
+	git branch >output 2>error &&
+	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" error &&
+	! grep -e "broken\.\.\.ref" output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update-ref --no-deref -d can delete symref to broken name' '
+	cp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/broken...ref &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...ref" &&
+	printf "ref: refs/heads/broken...ref\n" >.git/refs/heads/badname &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/badname" &&
+	git update-ref --no-deref -d refs/heads/badname >output 2>error &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/badname &&
+	test_must_be_empty output &&
+	test_must_be_empty error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch -d can delete symref to broken name' '
+	cp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/broken...ref &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...ref" &&
+	printf "ref: refs/heads/broken...ref\n" >.git/refs/heads/badname &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/badname" &&
+	git branch -d badname >output 2>error &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/badname &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Deleted branch badname (was refs/heads/broken\.\.\.ref)" output &&
+	test_must_be_empty error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update-ref --no-deref -d can delete dangling symref to broken name' '
+	printf "ref: refs/heads/broken...ref\n" >.git/refs/heads/badname &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/badname" &&
+	git update-ref --no-deref -d refs/heads/badname >output 2>error &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/badname &&
+	test_must_be_empty output &&
+	test_must_be_empty error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch -d can delete dangling symref to broken name' '
+	printf "ref: refs/heads/broken...ref\n" >.git/refs/heads/badname &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/badname" &&
+	git branch -d badname >output 2>error &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/badname &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Deleted branch badname (was refs/heads/broken\.\.\.ref)" output &&
+	test_must_be_empty error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update-ref -d can delete broken name through symref' '
+	cp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/broken...ref &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...ref" &&
+	printf "ref: refs/heads/broken...ref\n" >.git/refs/heads/badname &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/badname" &&
+	git update-ref -d refs/heads/badname >output 2>error &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/broken...ref &&
+	test_must_be_empty output &&
+	test_must_be_empty error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update-ref --no-deref -d can delete symref with broken name' '
+	printf "ref: refs/heads/master\n" >.git/refs/heads/broken...symref &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...symref" &&
+	git update-ref --no-deref -d refs/heads/broken...symref >output 2>error &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/broken...symref &&
+	test_must_be_empty output &&
+	test_must_be_empty error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch -d can delete symref with broken name' '
+	printf "ref: refs/heads/master\n" >.git/refs/heads/broken...symref &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...symref" &&
+	git branch -d broken...symref >output 2>error &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/broken...symref &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Deleted branch broken...symref (was refs/heads/master)" output &&
+	test_must_be_empty error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update-ref --no-deref -d can delete dangling symref with broken name' '
+	printf "ref: refs/heads/idonotexist\n" >.git/refs/heads/broken...symref &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...symref" &&
+	git update-ref --no-deref -d refs/heads/broken...symref >output 2>error &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/broken...symref &&
+	test_must_be_empty output &&
+	test_must_be_empty error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch -d can delete dangling symref with broken name' '
+	printf "ref: refs/heads/idonotexist\n" >.git/refs/heads/broken...symref &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/refs/heads/broken...symref" &&
+	git branch -d broken...symref >output 2>error &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/broken...symref &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Deleted branch broken...symref (was refs/heads/idonotexist)" output &&
+	test_must_be_empty error
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'update-ref -d cannot delete non-ref in .git dir' '
 	echo precious >.git/my-private-file &&
 	echo precious >expect &&
-	test_must_fail git update-ref -d my-private-file &&
+	test_must_fail git update-ref -d my-private-file >output 2>error &&
+	test_must_be_empty output &&
+	test_i18ngrep -e "refusing to update ref with bad name" error &&
 	test_cmp expect .git/my-private-file
 '
 
@@ -204,4 +331,47 @@ test_expect_success 'update-ref --stdin -z fails delete with bad ref name' '
 	grep "fatal: invalid ref format: ~a" err
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'branch rejects HEAD as a branch name' '
+	test_must_fail git branch HEAD HEAD^ &&
+	test_must_fail git show-ref refs/heads/HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout -b rejects HEAD as a branch name' '
+	test_must_fail git checkout -B HEAD HEAD^ &&
+	test_must_fail git show-ref refs/heads/HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update-ref can operate on refs/heads/HEAD' '
+	git update-ref refs/heads/HEAD HEAD^ &&
+	git show-ref refs/heads/HEAD &&
+	git update-ref -d refs/heads/HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git show-ref refs/heads/HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch -d can remove refs/heads/HEAD' '
+	git update-ref refs/heads/HEAD HEAD^ &&
+	git branch -d HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git show-ref refs/heads/HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch -m can rename refs/heads/HEAD' '
+	git update-ref refs/heads/HEAD HEAD^ &&
+	git branch -m HEAD tail &&
+	test_must_fail git show-ref refs/heads/HEAD &&
+	git show-ref refs/heads/tail
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch -d can remove refs/heads/-dash' '
+	git update-ref refs/heads/-dash HEAD^ &&
+	git branch -d -- -dash &&
+	test_must_fail git show-ref refs/heads/-dash
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch -m can rename refs/heads/-dash' '
+	git update-ref refs/heads/-dash HEAD^ &&
+	git branch -m -- -dash dash &&
+	test_must_fail git show-ref refs/heads/-dash &&
+	git show-ref refs/heads/dash
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1450-fsck.sh b/t/t1450-fsck.sh
index cfb32b6242..0f2dd26f74 100755
--- a/t/t1450-fsck.sh
+++ b/t/t1450-fsck.sh
@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
 	test_commit B fileB two &&
 	git tag -d A B &&
-	git reflog expire --expire=now --all &&
-	>empty
+	git reflog expire --expire=now --all
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'loose objects borrowed from alternate are not missing' '
@@ -29,12 +28,12 @@ test_expect_success 'loose objects borrowed from alternate are not missing' '
 		test_commit C fileC one &&
 		git fsck --no-dangling >../actual 2>&1
 	) &&
-	test_cmp empty actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'HEAD is part of refs, valid objects appear valid' '
 	git fsck >actual 2>&1 &&
-	test_cmp empty actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 # Corruption tests follow.  Make sure to remove all traces of the
@@ -43,13 +42,13 @@ test_expect_success 'HEAD is part of refs, valid objects appear valid' '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup: helpers for corruption tests' '
 	sha1_file() {
-		echo "$*" | sed "s#..#.git/objects/&/#"
+		remainder=${1#??} &&
+		firsttwo=${1%$remainder} &&
+		echo ".git/objects/$firsttwo/$remainder"
 	} &&
 
 	remove_object() {
-		file=$(sha1_file "$*") &&
-		test -e "$file" &&
-		rm -f "$file"
+		rm "$(sha1_file "$1")"
 	}
 '
 
@@ -77,11 +76,31 @@ test_expect_success 'object with bad sha1' '
 test_expect_success 'branch pointing to non-commit' '
 	git rev-parse HEAD^{tree} >.git/refs/heads/invalid &&
 	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/invalid" &&
-	git fsck 2>out &&
+	test_must_fail git fsck 2>out &&
 	cat out &&
 	grep "not a commit" out
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'HEAD link pointing at a funny object' '
+	test_when_finished "mv .git/SAVED_HEAD .git/HEAD" &&
+	mv .git/HEAD .git/SAVED_HEAD &&
+	echo 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 >.git/HEAD &&
+	# avoid corrupt/broken HEAD from interfering with repo discovery
+	test_must_fail env GIT_DIR=.git git fsck 2>out &&
+	cat out &&
+	grep "detached HEAD points" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'HEAD link pointing at a funny place' '
+	test_when_finished "mv .git/SAVED_HEAD .git/HEAD" &&
+	mv .git/HEAD .git/SAVED_HEAD &&
+	echo "ref: refs/funny/place" >.git/HEAD &&
+	# avoid corrupt/broken HEAD from interfering with repo discovery
+	test_must_fail env GIT_DIR=.git git fsck 2>out &&
+	cat out &&
+	grep "HEAD points to something strange" out
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'email without @ is okay' '
 	git cat-file commit HEAD >basis &&
 	sed "s/@/AT/" basis >okay &&
@@ -156,16 +175,29 @@ test_expect_success 'integer overflow in timestamps is reported' '
 	grep "error in commit $new.*integer overflow" out
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'malformatted tree object' '
-	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/tags/wrong" &&
-	test_when_finished "remove_object \$T" &&
+test_expect_success 'commit with NUL in header' '
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >basis &&
+	sed "s/author ./author Q/" <basis | q_to_nul >commit-NUL-header &&
+	new=$(git hash-object -t commit -w --stdin <commit-NUL-header) &&
+	test_when_finished "remove_object $new" &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/bogus "$new" &&
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/bogus" &&
+	test_must_fail git fsck 2>out &&
+	cat out &&
+	grep "error in commit $new.*unterminated header: NUL at offset" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tree object with duplicate entries' '
+	test_when_finished "for i in \$T; do remove_object \$i; done" &&
 	T=$(
 		GIT_INDEX_FILE=test-index &&
 		export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
 		rm -f test-index &&
 		>x &&
 		git add x &&
+		git rev-parse :x &&
 		T=$(git write-tree) &&
+		echo $T &&
 		(
 			git cat-file tree $T &&
 			git cat-file tree $T
@@ -176,6 +208,41 @@ test_expect_success 'malformatted tree object' '
 	grep "error in tree .*contains duplicate file entries" out
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'unparseable tree object' '
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/wrong" &&
+	test_when_finished "remove_object \$tree_sha1" &&
+	test_when_finished "remove_object \$commit_sha1" &&
+	tree_sha1=$(printf "100644 \0twenty-bytes-of-junk" | git hash-object -t tree --stdin -w --literally) &&
+	commit_sha1=$(git commit-tree $tree_sha1) &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/wrong $commit_sha1 &&
+	test_must_fail git fsck 2>out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "error: empty filename in tree entry" out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "$tree_sha1" out &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "fatal: empty filename in tree entry" out
+'
+
+hex2oct() {
+	perl -ne 'printf "\\%03o", hex for /../g'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'tree entry with type mismatch' '
+	test_when_finished "remove_object \$blob" &&
+	test_when_finished "remove_object \$tree" &&
+	test_when_finished "remove_object \$commit" &&
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/type_mismatch" &&
+	blob=$(echo blob | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	blob_bin=$(echo $blob | hex2oct) &&
+	tree=$(
+		printf "40000 dir\0${blob_bin}100644 file\0${blob_bin}" |
+		git hash-object -t tree --stdin -w --literally
+	) &&
+	commit=$(git commit-tree $tree) &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/type_mismatch $commit &&
+	test_must_fail git fsck >out 2>&1 &&
+	test_i18ngrep "is a blob, not a tree" out &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "dangling blob" out
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'tag pointing to nonexistent' '
 	cat >invalid-tag <<-\EOF &&
 	object ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
@@ -231,8 +298,8 @@ test_expect_success 'tag with incorrect tag name & missing tagger' '
 	git fsck --tags 2>out &&
 
 	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
-	warning in tag $tag: invalid '\''tag'\'' name: wrong name format
-	warning in tag $tag: invalid format - expected '\''tagger'\'' line
+	warning in tag $tag: badTagName: invalid '\''tag'\'' name: wrong name format
+	warning in tag $tag: missingTaggerEntry: invalid format - expected '\''tagger'\'' line
 	EOF
 	test_cmp expect out
 '
@@ -256,14 +323,34 @@ test_expect_success 'tag with bad tagger' '
 	grep "error in tag .*: invalid author/committer" out
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'tag with NUL in header' '
+	sha=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	q_to_nul >tag-NUL-header <<-EOF &&
+	object $sha
+	type commit
+	tag contains-Q-in-header
+	tagger T A Gger <tagger@example.com> 1234567890 -0000
+
+	This is an invalid tag.
+	EOF
+
+	tag=$(git hash-object --literally -t tag -w --stdin <tag-NUL-header) &&
+	test_when_finished "remove_object $tag" &&
+	echo $tag >.git/refs/tags/wrong &&
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/tags/wrong" &&
+	test_must_fail git fsck --tags 2>out &&
+	cat out &&
+	grep "error in tag $tag.*unterminated header: NUL at offset" out
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'cleaned up' '
 	git fsck >actual 2>&1 &&
-	test_cmp empty actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rev-list --verify-objects' '
 	git rev-list --verify-objects --all >/dev/null 2>out &&
-	test_cmp empty out
+	test_must_be_empty out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rev-list --verify-objects with bad sha1' '
@@ -284,7 +371,18 @@ test_expect_success 'rev-list --verify-objects with bad sha1' '
 
 	test_might_fail git rev-list --verify-objects refs/heads/bogus >/dev/null 2>out &&
 	cat out &&
-	grep -q "error: sha1 mismatch 63ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" out
+	test_i18ngrep -q "error: sha1 mismatch 63ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'force fsck to ignore double author' '
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >basis &&
+	sed "s/^author .*/&,&/" <basis | tr , \\n >multiple-authors &&
+	new=$(git hash-object -t commit -w --stdin <multiple-authors) &&
+	test_when_finished "remove_object $new" &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/bogus "$new" &&
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/bogus" &&
+	test_must_fail git fsck &&
+	git -c fsck.multipleAuthors=ignore fsck
 '
 
 _bz='\0'
@@ -364,6 +462,24 @@ test_expect_success 'fsck allows .Ňit' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'NUL in commit' '
+	rm -fr nul-in-commit &&
+	git init nul-in-commit &&
+	(
+		cd nul-in-commit &&
+		git commit --allow-empty -m "initial commitQNUL after message" &&
+		git cat-file commit HEAD >original &&
+		q_to_nul <original >munged &&
+		git hash-object -w -t commit --stdin <munged >name &&
+		git branch bad $(cat name) &&
+
+		test_must_fail git -c fsck.nulInCommit=error fsck 2>warn.1 &&
+		grep nulInCommit warn.1 &&
+		git fsck 2>warn.2 &&
+		grep nulInCommit warn.2
+	)
+'
+
 # create a static test repo which is broken by omitting
 # one particular object ($1, which is looked up via rev-parse
 # in the new repository).
@@ -420,4 +536,225 @@ test_expect_success 'fsck notices ref pointing to missing tag' '
 	test_must_fail git -C missing fsck
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'fsck --connectivity-only' '
+	rm -rf connectivity-only &&
+	git init connectivity-only &&
+	(
+		cd connectivity-only &&
+		touch empty &&
+		git add empty &&
+		test_commit empty &&
+
+		# Drop the index now; we want to be sure that we
+		# recursively notice the broken objects
+		# because they are reachable from refs, not because
+		# they are in the index.
+		rm -f .git/index &&
+
+		# corrupt the blob, but in a way that we can still identify
+		# its type. That lets us see that --connectivity-only is
+		# not actually looking at the contents, but leaves it
+		# free to examine the type if it chooses.
+		empty=.git/objects/e6/9de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 &&
+		blob=$(echo unrelated | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+		mv -f $(sha1_file $blob) $empty &&
+
+		test_must_fail git fsck --strict &&
+		git fsck --strict --connectivity-only &&
+		tree=$(git rev-parse HEAD:) &&
+		suffix=${tree#??} &&
+		tree=.git/objects/${tree%$suffix}/$suffix &&
+		rm -f $tree &&
+		echo invalid >$tree &&
+		test_must_fail git fsck --strict --connectivity-only
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck --connectivity-only with explicit head' '
+	rm -rf connectivity-only &&
+	git init connectivity-only &&
+	(
+		cd connectivity-only &&
+		test_commit foo &&
+		rm -f .git/index &&
+		tree=$(git rev-parse HEAD^{tree}) &&
+		remove_object $(git rev-parse HEAD:foo.t) &&
+		test_must_fail git fsck --connectivity-only $tree
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck --name-objects' '
+	rm -rf name-objects &&
+	git init name-objects &&
+	(
+		cd name-objects &&
+		test_commit julius caesar.t &&
+		test_commit augustus &&
+		test_commit caesar &&
+		remove_object $(git rev-parse julius:caesar.t) &&
+		test_must_fail git fsck --name-objects >out &&
+		tree=$(git rev-parse --verify julius:) &&
+		egrep "$tree \((refs/heads/master|HEAD)@\{[0-9]*\}:" out
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'alternate objects are correctly blamed' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf alt.git .git/objects/info/alternates" &&
+	git init --bare alt.git &&
+	echo "../../alt.git/objects" >.git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	mkdir alt.git/objects/12 &&
+	>alt.git/objects/12/34567890123456789012345678901234567890 &&
+	test_must_fail git fsck >out 2>&1 &&
+	grep alt.git out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck errors in packed objects' '
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >basis &&
+	sed "s/</one/" basis >one &&
+	sed "s/</foo/" basis >two &&
+	one=$(git hash-object -t commit -w one) &&
+	two=$(git hash-object -t commit -w two) &&
+	pack=$(
+		{
+			echo $one &&
+			echo $two
+		} | git pack-objects .git/objects/pack/pack
+	) &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/objects/pack/pack-$pack.*" &&
+	remove_object $one &&
+	remove_object $two &&
+	test_must_fail git fsck 2>out &&
+	grep "error in commit $one.* - bad name" out &&
+	grep "error in commit $two.* - bad name" out &&
+	! grep corrupt out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck fails on corrupt packfile' '
+	hsh=$(git commit-tree -m mycommit HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	pack=$(echo $hsh | git pack-objects .git/objects/pack/pack) &&
+
+	# Corrupt the first byte of the first object. (It contains 3 type bits,
+	# at least one of which is not zero, so setting the first byte to 0 is
+	# sufficient.)
+	chmod a+w .git/objects/pack/pack-$pack.pack &&
+	printf '\0' | dd of=.git/objects/pack/pack-$pack.pack bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=12 &&
+
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/objects/pack/pack-$pack.*" &&
+	remove_object $hsh &&
+	test_must_fail git fsck 2>out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "checksum mismatch" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck finds problems in duplicate loose objects' '
+	rm -rf broken-duplicate &&
+	git init broken-duplicate &&
+	(
+		cd broken-duplicate &&
+		test_commit duplicate &&
+		# no "-d" here, so we end up with duplicates
+		git repack &&
+		# now corrupt the loose copy
+		file=$(sha1_file "$(git rev-parse HEAD)") &&
+		rm "$file" &&
+		echo broken >"$file" &&
+		test_must_fail git fsck
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck detects trailing loose garbage (commit)' '
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >basis &&
+	echo bump-commit-sha1 >>basis &&
+	commit=$(git hash-object -w -t commit basis) &&
+	file=$(sha1_file $commit) &&
+	test_when_finished "remove_object $commit" &&
+	chmod +w "$file" &&
+	echo garbage >>"$file" &&
+	test_must_fail git fsck 2>out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "garbage.*$commit" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck detects trailing loose garbage (blob)' '
+	blob=$(echo trailing | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	file=$(sha1_file $blob) &&
+	test_when_finished "remove_object $blob" &&
+	chmod +w "$file" &&
+	echo garbage >>"$file" &&
+	test_must_fail git fsck 2>out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "garbage.*$blob" out
+'
+
+# for each of type, we have one version which is referenced by another object
+# (and so while unreachable, not dangling), and another variant which really is
+# dangling.
+test_expect_success 'fsck notices dangling objects' '
+	git init dangling &&
+	(
+		cd dangling &&
+		blob=$(echo not-dangling | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+		dblob=$(echo dangling | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+		tree=$(printf "100644 blob %s\t%s\n" $blob one | git mktree) &&
+		dtree=$(printf "100644 blob %s\t%s\n" $blob two | git mktree) &&
+		commit=$(git commit-tree $tree) &&
+		dcommit=$(git commit-tree -p $commit $tree) &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		dangling blob $dblob
+		dangling commit $dcommit
+		dangling tree $dtree
+		EOF
+
+		git fsck >actual &&
+		# the output order is non-deterministic, as it comes from a hash
+		sort <actual >actual.sorted &&
+		test_cmp expect actual.sorted
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck $name notices bogus $name' '
+	test_must_fail git fsck bogus &&
+	test_must_fail git fsck $ZERO_OID
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bogus head does not fallback to all heads' '
+	# set up a case that will cause a reachability complaint
+	echo to-be-deleted >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	blob=$(git rev-parse :foo) &&
+	test_when_finished "git rm --cached foo" &&
+	remove_object $blob &&
+	test_must_fail git fsck $ZERO_OID >out 2>&1 &&
+	! grep $blob out
+'
+
+# Corrupt the checksum on the index.
+# Add 1 to the last byte in the SHA.
+corrupt_index_checksum () {
+    perl -w -e '
+	use Fcntl ":seek";
+	open my $fh, "+<", ".git/index" or die "open: $!";
+	binmode $fh;
+	seek $fh, -1, SEEK_END or die "seek: $!";
+	read $fh, my $in_byte, 1 or die "read: $!";
+
+	$in_value = unpack("C", $in_byte);
+	$out_value = ($in_value + 1) & 255;
+
+	$out_byte = pack("C", $out_value);
+
+	seek $fh, -1, SEEK_END or die "seek: $!";
+	print $fh $out_byte;
+	close $fh or die "close: $!";
+    '
+}
+
+# Corrupt the checksum on the index and then
+# verify that only fsck notices.
+test_expect_success 'detect corrupt index file in fsck' '
+	cp .git/index .git/index.backup &&
+	test_when_finished "mv .git/index.backup .git/index" &&
+	corrupt_index_checksum &&
+	test_must_fail git fsck --cache 2>errors &&
+	grep "bad index file" errors
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1500-rev-parse.sh b/t/t1500-rev-parse.sh
index 48ee07779d..5c715fe2cf 100755
--- a/t/t1500-rev-parse.sh
+++ b/t/t1500-rev-parse.sh
@@ -3,85 +3,146 @@
 test_description='test git rev-parse'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_rev_parse() {
+# usage: [options] label is-bare is-inside-git is-inside-work prefix git-dir absolute-git-dir
+test_rev_parse () {
+	d=
+	bare=
+	gitdir=
+	while :
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		-C) d="$2"; shift; shift ;;
+		-b) case "$2" in
+		    [tfu]*) bare="$2"; shift; shift ;;
+		    *) error "test_rev_parse: bogus core.bare value '$2'" ;;
+		    esac ;;
+		-g) gitdir="$2"; shift; shift ;;
+		-*) error "test_rev_parse: unrecognized option '$1'" ;;
+		*) break ;;
+		esac
+	done
+
 	name=$1
 	shift
 
-	test_expect_success "$name: is-bare-repository" \
-	"test '$1' = \"\$(git rev-parse --is-bare-repository)\""
-	shift
-	[ $# -eq 0 ] && return
+	for o in --is-bare-repository \
+		 --is-inside-git-dir \
+		 --is-inside-work-tree \
+		 --show-prefix \
+		 --git-dir \
+		 --absolute-git-dir
+	do
+		test $# -eq 0 && break
+		expect="$1"
+		test_expect_success "$name: $o" '
+			if test -n "$gitdir"
+			then
+				test_when_finished "unset GIT_DIR" &&
+				GIT_DIR="$gitdir" &&
+				export GIT_DIR
+			fi &&
+
+			case "$bare" in
+			t*) test_config ${d:+-C} ${d:+"$d"} core.bare true ;;
+			f*) test_config ${d:+-C} ${d:+"$d"} core.bare false ;;
+			u*) test_unconfig ${d:+-C} ${d:+"$d"} core.bare ;;
+			esac &&
+
+			echo "$expect" >expect &&
+			git ${d:+-C} ${d:+"$d"} rev-parse $o >actual &&
+			test_cmp expect actual
+		'
+		shift
+	done
+}
 
-	test_expect_success "$name: is-inside-git-dir" \
-	"test '$1' = \"\$(git rev-parse --is-inside-git-dir)\""
-	shift
-	[ $# -eq 0 ] && return
+ROOT=$(pwd)
 
-	test_expect_success "$name: is-inside-work-tree" \
-	"test '$1' = \"\$(git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree)\""
-	shift
-	[ $# -eq 0 ] && return
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	mkdir -p sub/dir work &&
+	cp -R .git repo.git
+'
 
-	test_expect_success "$name: prefix" \
-	"test '$1' = \"\$(git rev-parse --show-prefix)\""
-	shift
-	[ $# -eq 0 ] && return
+test_rev_parse toplevel false false true '' .git "$ROOT/.git"
 
-	test_expect_success "$name: git-dir" \
-	"test '$1' = \"\$(git rev-parse --git-dir)\""
-	shift
-	[ $# -eq 0 ] && return
-}
+test_rev_parse -C .git .git/ false true false '' . "$ROOT/.git"
+test_rev_parse -C .git/objects .git/objects/ false true false '' "$ROOT/.git" "$ROOT/.git"
 
-# label is-bare is-inside-git is-inside-work prefix git-dir
+test_rev_parse -C sub/dir subdirectory false false true sub/dir/ "$ROOT/.git" "$ROOT/.git"
 
-ROOT=$(pwd)
+test_rev_parse -b t 'core.bare = true' true false false
+
+test_rev_parse -b u 'core.bare undefined' false false true
+
+
+test_rev_parse -C work -g ../.git -b f 'GIT_DIR=../.git, core.bare = false' false false true '' "../.git" "$ROOT/.git"
+
+test_rev_parse -C work -g ../.git -b t 'GIT_DIR=../.git, core.bare = true' true false false ''
 
-test_rev_parse toplevel false false true '' .git
+test_rev_parse -C work -g ../.git -b u 'GIT_DIR=../.git, core.bare undefined' false false true ''
 
-cd .git || exit 1
-test_rev_parse .git/ false true false '' .
-cd objects || exit 1
-test_rev_parse .git/objects/ false true false '' "$ROOT/.git"
-cd ../.. || exit 1
 
-mkdir -p sub/dir || exit 1
-cd sub/dir || exit 1
-test_rev_parse subdirectory false false true sub/dir/ "$ROOT/.git"
-cd ../.. || exit 1
+test_rev_parse -C work -g ../repo.git -b f 'GIT_DIR=../repo.git, core.bare = false' false false true '' "../repo.git" "$ROOT/repo.git"
 
-git config core.bare true
-test_rev_parse 'core.bare = true' true false false
+test_rev_parse -C work -g ../repo.git -b t 'GIT_DIR=../repo.git, core.bare = true' true false false ''
 
-git config --unset core.bare
-test_rev_parse 'core.bare undefined' false false true
+test_rev_parse -C work -g ../repo.git -b u 'GIT_DIR=../repo.git, core.bare undefined' false false true ''
 
-mkdir work || exit 1
-cd work || exit 1
-GIT_DIR=../.git
-GIT_CONFIG="$(pwd)"/../.git/config
-export GIT_DIR GIT_CONFIG
+test_expect_success 'git-common-dir from worktree root' '
+	echo .git >expect &&
+	git rev-parse --git-common-dir >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
-git config core.bare false
-test_rev_parse 'GIT_DIR=../.git, core.bare = false' false false true ''
+test_expect_success 'git-common-dir inside sub-dir' '
+	mkdir -p path/to/child &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf path" &&
+	echo "$(git -C path/to/child rev-parse --show-cdup).git" >expect &&
+	git -C path/to/child rev-parse --git-common-dir >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
-git config core.bare true
-test_rev_parse 'GIT_DIR=../.git, core.bare = true' true false false ''
+test_expect_success 'git-path from worktree root' '
+	echo .git/objects >expect &&
+	git rev-parse --git-path objects >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
-git config --unset core.bare
-test_rev_parse 'GIT_DIR=../.git, core.bare undefined' false false true ''
+test_expect_success 'git-path inside sub-dir' '
+	mkdir -p path/to/child &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf path" &&
+	echo "$(git -C path/to/child rev-parse --show-cdup).git/objects" >expect &&
+	git -C path/to/child rev-parse --git-path objects >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
-mv ../.git ../repo.git || exit 1
-GIT_DIR=../repo.git
-GIT_CONFIG="$(pwd)"/../repo.git/config
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse --is-shallow-repository in shallow repo' '
+	test_commit test_commit &&
+	echo true >expect &&
+	git clone --depth 1 --no-local . shallow &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf shallow" &&
+	git -C shallow rev-parse --is-shallow-repository >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
-git config core.bare false
-test_rev_parse 'GIT_DIR=../repo.git, core.bare = false' false false true ''
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse --is-shallow-repository in non-shallow repo' '
+	echo false >expect &&
+	git rev-parse --is-shallow-repository >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
-git config core.bare true
-test_rev_parse 'GIT_DIR=../repo.git, core.bare = true' true false false ''
+test_expect_success 'showing the superproject correctly' '
+	git rev-parse --show-superproject-working-tree >out &&
+	test_must_be_empty out &&
 
-git config --unset core.bare
-test_rev_parse 'GIT_DIR=../repo.git, core.bare undefined' false false true ''
+	test_create_repo super &&
+	test_commit -C super test_commit &&
+	test_create_repo sub &&
+	test_commit -C sub test_commit &&
+	git -C super submodule add ../sub dir/sub &&
+	echo $(pwd)/super >expect  &&
+	git -C super/dir/sub rev-parse --show-superproject-working-tree >out &&
+	test_cmp expect out
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1501-worktree.sh b/t/t1501-work-tree.sh
index 8f36aa9fc4..3498d3d55e 100755
--- a/t/t1501-worktree.sh
+++ b/t/t1501-work-tree.sh
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup: helper for testing rev-parse' '
 			# rev-parse --show-prefix should output
 			# a single newline when at the top of the work tree,
 			# but we test for that separately.
-			test -z "$4" && ! test -s actual.prefix ||
+			test -z "$4" && test_must_be_empty actual.prefix ||
 			test_cmp expected.prefix actual.prefix
 		fi
 	}
@@ -238,10 +238,10 @@ test_expect_success '_gently() groks relative GIT_DIR & GIT_WORK_TREE' '
 
 test_expect_success 'diff-index respects work tree under .git dir' '
 	cat >diff-index-cached.expected <<-EOF &&
-	:000000 100644 $_z40 $EMPTY_BLOB A	sub/dir/tracked
+	:000000 100644 $ZERO_OID $EMPTY_BLOB A	sub/dir/tracked
 	EOF
 	cat >diff-index.expected <<-EOF &&
-	:000000 100644 $_z40 $_z40 A	sub/dir/tracked
+	:000000 100644 $ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID A	sub/dir/tracked
 	EOF
 
 	(
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ test_expect_success 'diff-index respects work tree under .git dir' '
 
 test_expect_success 'diff-files respects work tree under .git dir' '
 	cat >diff-files.expected <<-EOF &&
-	:100644 100644 $EMPTY_BLOB $_z40 M	sub/dir/tracked
+	:100644 100644 $EMPTY_BLOB $ZERO_OID M	sub/dir/tracked
 	EOF
 
 	(
@@ -341,9 +341,106 @@ test_expect_success 'make_relative_path handles double slashes in GIT_DIR' '
 
 test_expect_success 'relative $GIT_WORK_TREE and git subprocesses' '
 	GIT_DIR=repo.git GIT_WORK_TREE=repo.git/work \
-	test-subprocess --setup-work-tree rev-parse --show-toplevel >actual &&
+	test-tool subprocess --setup-work-tree rev-parse --show-toplevel >actual &&
 	echo "$(pwd)/repo.git/work" >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'Multi-worktree setup' '
+	mkdir work &&
+	mkdir -p repo.git/repos/foo &&
+	cp repo.git/HEAD repo.git/index repo.git/repos/foo &&
+	test_might_fail cp repo.git/sharedindex.* repo.git/repos/foo &&
+	sane_unset GIT_DIR GIT_CONFIG GIT_WORK_TREE
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIR set (1)' '
+	echo "gitdir: repo.git/repos/foo" >gitfile &&
+	echo ../.. >repo.git/repos/foo/commondir &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		GIT_DIR=../gitfile git rev-parse --git-common-dir >actual &&
+		test-tool path-utils real_path "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/repo.git" >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIR set (2)' '
+	echo "gitdir: repo.git/repos/foo" >gitfile &&
+	echo "$(pwd)/repo.git" >repo.git/repos/foo/commondir &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		GIT_DIR=../gitfile git rev-parse --git-common-dir >actual &&
+		test-tool path-utils real_path "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/repo.git" >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Auto discovery' '
+	echo "gitdir: repo.git/repos/foo" >.git &&
+	echo ../.. >repo.git/repos/foo/commondir &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		git rev-parse --git-common-dir >actual &&
+		test-tool path-utils real_path "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/repo.git" >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		echo haha >data1 &&
+		git add data1 &&
+		git ls-files --full-name :/ | grep data1 >actual &&
+		echo work/data1 >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '$GIT_DIR/common overrides core.worktree' '
+	mkdir elsewhere &&
+	git --git-dir=repo.git config core.worktree "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/elsewhere" &&
+	echo "gitdir: repo.git/repos/foo" >.git &&
+	echo ../.. >repo.git/repos/foo/commondir &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		git rev-parse --git-common-dir >actual &&
+		test-tool path-utils real_path "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/repo.git" >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		echo haha >data2 &&
+		git add data2 &&
+		git ls-files --full-name :/ | grep data2 >actual &&
+		echo work/data2 >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '$GIT_WORK_TREE overrides $GIT_DIR/common' '
+	echo "gitdir: repo.git/repos/foo" >.git &&
+	echo ../.. >repo.git/repos/foo/commondir &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		echo haha >data3 &&
+		git --git-dir=../.git --work-tree=. add data3 &&
+		git ls-files --full-name -- :/ | grep data3 >actual &&
+		echo data3 >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'error out gracefully on invalid $GIT_WORK_TREE' '
+	(
+		GIT_WORK_TREE=/.invalid/work/tree &&
+		export GIT_WORK_TREE &&
+		test_expect_code 128 git rev-parse
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'refs work with relative gitdir and work tree' '
+	git init relative &&
+	git -C relative commit --allow-empty -m one &&
+	git -C relative commit --allow-empty -m two &&
+
+	GIT_DIR=relative/.git GIT_WORK_TREE=relative git reset HEAD^ &&
+
+	git -C relative log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	echo one >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh b/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh
index ebe7c3b87c..a859abedf5 100755
--- a/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh
+++ b/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,62 @@
 test_description='test git rev-parse --parseopt'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-sed -e 's/^|//' >expect <<\END_EXPECT
+test_expect_success 'setup optionspec' '
+	sed -e "s/^|//" >optionspec <<\EOF
+|some-command [options] <args>...
+|
+|some-command does foo and bar!
+|--
+|h,help    show the help
+|
+|foo       some nifty option --foo
+|bar=      some cool option --bar with an argument
+|b,baz     a short and long option
+|
+| An option group Header
+|C?        option C with an optional argument
+|d,data?   short and long option with an optional argument
+|
+| Argument hints
+|B=arg     short option required argument
+|bar2=arg  long option required argument
+|e,fuz=with-space  short and long option required argument
+|s?some    short option optional argument
+|long?data long option optional argument
+|g,fluf?path     short and long option optional argument
+|longest=very-long-argument-hint  a very long argument hint
+|pair=key=value  with an equals sign in the hint
+|aswitch help te=t contains? fl*g characters!`
+|bswitch=hint	 hint has trailing tab character
+|cswitch	 switch has trailing tab character
+|short-hint=a    with a one symbol hint
+|
+|Extras
+|extra1    line above used to cause a segfault but no longer does
+EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup optionspec-no-switches' '
+	sed -e "s/^|//" >optionspec_no_switches <<\EOF
+|some-command [options] <args>...
+|
+|some-command does foo and bar!
+|--
+EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup optionspec-only-hidden-switches' '
+	sed -e "s/^|//" >optionspec_only_hidden_switches <<\EOF
+|some-command [options] <args>...
+|
+|some-command does foo and bar!
+|--
+|hidden1* A hidden switch
+EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --parseopt help output' '
+	sed -e "s/^|//" >expect <<\END_EXPECT &&
 |cat <<\EOF
 |usage: some-command [options] <args>...
 |
@@ -28,63 +83,123 @@ sed -e 's/^|//' >expect <<\END_EXPECT
 |    -g, --fluf[=<path>]   short and long option optional argument
 |    --longest <very-long-argument-hint>
 |                          a very long argument hint
+|    --pair <key=value>    with an equals sign in the hint
+|    --aswitch             help te=t contains? fl*g characters!`
+|    --bswitch <hint>      hint has trailing tab character
+|    --cswitch             switch has trailing tab character
+|    --short-hint <a>      with a one symbol hint
 |
 |Extras
 |    --extra1              line above used to cause a segfault but no longer does
 |
 |EOF
 END_EXPECT
+	test_expect_code 129 git rev-parse --parseopt -- -h > output < optionspec &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
 
-sed -e 's/^|//' >optionspec <<\EOF
-|some-command [options] <args>...
+test_expect_success 'test --parseopt help output no switches' '
+	sed -e "s/^|//" >expect <<\END_EXPECT &&
+|cat <<\EOF
+|usage: some-command [options] <args>...
 |
-|some-command does foo and bar!
-|--
-|h,help    show the help
+|    some-command does foo and bar!
 |
-|foo       some nifty option --foo
-|bar=      some cool option --bar with an argument
-|b,baz     a short and long option
+|EOF
+END_EXPECT
+	test_expect_code 129 git rev-parse --parseopt -- -h > output < optionspec_no_switches &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --parseopt help output hidden switches' '
+	sed -e "s/^|//" >expect <<\END_EXPECT &&
+|cat <<\EOF
+|usage: some-command [options] <args>...
 |
-| An option group Header
-|C?        option C with an optional argument
-|d,data?   short and long option with an optional argument
+|    some-command does foo and bar!
 |
-| Argument hints
-|B=arg     short option required argument
-|bar2=arg  long option required argument
-|e,fuz=with-space  short and long option required argument
-|s?some    short option optional argument
-|long?data long option optional argument
-|g,fluf?path     short and long option optional argument
-|longest=very-long-argument-hint  a very long argument hint
+|EOF
+END_EXPECT
+	test_expect_code 129 git rev-parse --parseopt -- -h > output < optionspec_only_hidden_switches &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --parseopt help-all output hidden switches' '
+	sed -e "s/^|//" >expect <<\END_EXPECT &&
+|cat <<\EOF
+|usage: some-command [options] <args>...
 |
-|Extras
-|extra1    line above used to cause a segfault but no longer does
-EOF
+|    some-command does foo and bar!
+|
+|    --hidden1             A hidden switch
+|
+|EOF
+END_EXPECT
+	test_expect_code 129 git rev-parse --parseopt -- --help-all > output < optionspec_only_hidden_switches &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'test --parseopt help output' '
-	test_expect_code 129 git rev-parse --parseopt -- -h > output < optionspec &&
+test_expect_success 'test --parseopt invalid switch help output' '
+	sed -e "s/^|//" >expect <<\END_EXPECT &&
+|error: unknown option `does-not-exist'\''
+|usage: some-command [options] <args>...
+|
+|    some-command does foo and bar!
+|
+|    -h, --help            show the help
+|    --foo                 some nifty option --foo
+|    --bar ...             some cool option --bar with an argument
+|    -b, --baz             a short and long option
+|
+|An option group Header
+|    -C[...]               option C with an optional argument
+|    -d, --data[=...]      short and long option with an optional argument
+|
+|Argument hints
+|    -B <arg>              short option required argument
+|    --bar2 <arg>          long option required argument
+|    -e, --fuz <with-space>
+|                          short and long option required argument
+|    -s[<some>]            short option optional argument
+|    --long[=<data>]       long option optional argument
+|    -g, --fluf[=<path>]   short and long option optional argument
+|    --longest <very-long-argument-hint>
+|                          a very long argument hint
+|    --pair <key=value>    with an equals sign in the hint
+|    --aswitch             help te=t contains? fl*g characters!`
+|    --bswitch <hint>      hint has trailing tab character
+|    --cswitch             switch has trailing tab character
+|    --short-hint <a>      with a one symbol hint
+|
+|Extras
+|    --extra1              line above used to cause a segfault but no longer does
+|
+END_EXPECT
+	test_expect_code 129 git rev-parse --parseopt -- --does-not-exist 1>/dev/null 2>output < optionspec &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
-cat > expect <<EOF
-set -- --foo --bar 'ham' -b -- 'arg'
+test_expect_success 'setup expect.1' "
+	cat > expect <<EOF
+set -- --foo --bar 'ham' -b --aswitch -- 'arg'
 EOF
+"
 
 test_expect_success 'test --parseopt' '
-	git rev-parse --parseopt -- --foo --bar=ham --baz arg < optionspec > output &&
+	git rev-parse --parseopt -- --foo --bar=ham --baz --aswitch arg < optionspec > output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'test --parseopt with mixed options and arguments' '
-	git rev-parse --parseopt -- --foo arg --bar=ham --baz < optionspec > output &&
+	git rev-parse --parseopt -- --foo arg --bar=ham --baz --aswitch < optionspec > output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
-cat > expect <<EOF
+test_expect_success 'setup expect.2' "
+	cat > expect <<EOF
 set -- --foo -- 'arg' '--bar=ham'
 EOF
+"
 
 test_expect_success 'test --parseopt with --' '
 	git rev-parse --parseopt -- --foo -- arg --bar=ham < optionspec > output &&
@@ -96,54 +211,66 @@ test_expect_success 'test --parseopt --stop-at-non-option' '
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
-cat > expect <<EOF
+test_expect_success 'setup expect.3' "
+	cat > expect <<EOF
 set -- --foo -- '--' 'arg' '--bar=ham'
 EOF
+"
 
 test_expect_success 'test --parseopt --keep-dashdash' '
 	git rev-parse --parseopt --keep-dashdash -- --foo -- arg --bar=ham < optionspec > output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
-cat >expect <<EOF
+test_expect_success 'setup expect.4' "
+	cat >expect <<EOF
 set -- --foo -- '--' 'arg' '--spam=ham'
 EOF
+"
 
 test_expect_success 'test --parseopt --keep-dashdash --stop-at-non-option with --' '
 	git rev-parse --parseopt --keep-dashdash --stop-at-non-option -- --foo -- arg --spam=ham <optionspec >output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
-cat > expect <<EOF
+test_expect_success 'setup expect.5' "
+	cat > expect <<EOF
 set -- --foo -- 'arg' '--spam=ham'
 EOF
+"
 
 test_expect_success 'test --parseopt --keep-dashdash --stop-at-non-option without --' '
 	git rev-parse --parseopt --keep-dashdash --stop-at-non-option -- --foo arg --spam=ham <optionspec >output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
-cat > expect <<EOF
+test_expect_success 'setup expect.6' "
+	cat > expect <<EOF
 set -- --foo --bar='z' --baz -C'Z' --data='A' -- 'arg'
 EOF
+"
 
 test_expect_success 'test --parseopt --stuck-long' '
 	git rev-parse --parseopt --stuck-long -- --foo --bar=z -b arg -CZ -dA <optionspec >output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
-cat > expect <<EOF
+test_expect_success 'setup expect.7' "
+	cat > expect <<EOF
 set -- --data='' -C --baz -- 'arg'
 EOF
+"
 
 test_expect_success 'test --parseopt --stuck-long and empty optional argument' '
 	git rev-parse --parseopt --stuck-long -- --data= arg -C -b <optionspec >output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
-cat > expect <<EOF
+test_expect_success 'setup expect.8' "
+	cat > expect <<EOF
 set -- --data --baz -- 'arg'
 EOF
+"
 
 test_expect_success 'test --parseopt --stuck-long and long option with unset optional argument' '
 	git rev-parse --parseopt --stuck-long -- --data arg -b <optionspec >output &&
diff --git a/t/t1503-rev-parse-verify.sh b/t/t1503-rev-parse-verify.sh
index 823fe1d799..492edffa9c 100755
--- a/t/t1503-rev-parse-verify.sh
+++ b/t/t1503-rev-parse-verify.sh
@@ -85,8 +85,7 @@ test_expect_success 'fails silently when using -q' '
 
 test_expect_success 'fails silently when using -q with deleted reflogs' '
 	ref=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
-	: >.git/logs/refs/test &&
-	git update-ref -m "message for refs/test" refs/test "$ref" &&
+	git update-ref --create-reflog -m "message for refs/test" refs/test "$ref" &&
 	git reflog delete --updateref --rewrite refs/test@{0} &&
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse -q --verify refs/test@{0} >error 2>&1 &&
 	test_must_be_empty error
@@ -94,16 +93,14 @@ test_expect_success 'fails silently when using -q with deleted reflogs' '
 
 test_expect_success 'fails silently when using -q with not enough reflogs' '
 	ref=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
-	: >.git/logs/refs/test2 &&
-	git update-ref -m "message for refs/test2" refs/test2 "$ref" &&
+	git update-ref --create-reflog -m "message for refs/test2" refs/test2 "$ref" &&
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse -q --verify refs/test2@{999} >error 2>&1 &&
 	test_must_be_empty error
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'succeeds silently with -q and reflogs that do not go far back enough in time' '
 	ref=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
-	: >.git/logs/refs/test3 &&
-	git update-ref -m "message for refs/test3" refs/test3 "$ref" &&
+	git update-ref --create-reflog -m "message for refs/test3" refs/test3 "$ref" &&
 	git rev-parse -q --verify refs/test3@{1.year.ago} >actual 2>error &&
 	test_must_be_empty error &&
 	echo "$ref" >expect &&
@@ -142,4 +139,9 @@ test_expect_success 'master@{n} for various n' '
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify master@{$Np1}
 '
 
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'ref resolution not confused by broken symlinks' '
+	ln -s does-not-exist .git/refs/heads/broken &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify broken
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1506-rev-parse-diagnosis.sh b/t/t1506-rev-parse-diagnosis.sh
index 613d9bfe1b..4ee009da66 100755
--- a/t/t1506-rev-parse-diagnosis.sh
+++ b/t/t1506-rev-parse-diagnosis.sh
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ test_expect_success 'incorrect revision id' '
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse foobar:file.txt 2>error &&
 	grep "Invalid object name '"'"'foobar'"'"'." error &&
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse foobar 2> error &&
-	grep "unknown revision or path not in the working tree." error
+	test_i18ngrep "unknown revision or path not in the working tree." error
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'incorrect file in sha1:path' '
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ test_expect_success 'relative path not found' '
 test_expect_success 'relative path outside worktree' '
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:../file.txt >output 2>error &&
 	test -z "$(cat output)" &&
-	grep "outside repository" error
+	test_i18ngrep "outside repository" error
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'relative path when cwd is outside worktree' '
@@ -166,11 +166,6 @@ test_expect_success 'relative path when cwd is outside worktree' '
 	grep "relative path syntax can.t be used outside working tree." error
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'relative path when startup_info is NULL' '
-	test_must_fail test-match-trees HEAD:./file.txt HEAD:./file.txt 2>error &&
-	grep "BUG: startup_info struct is not initialized." error
-'
-
 test_expect_success '<commit>:file correctly diagnosed after a pathname' '
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse file.txt HEAD:file.txt 1>actual 2>error &&
 	test_i18ngrep ! "exists on disk" error &&
diff --git a/t/t1507-rev-parse-upstream.sh b/t/t1507-rev-parse-upstream.sh
index 1978947c41..fa3e499641 100755
--- a/t/t1507-rev-parse-upstream.sh
+++ b/t/t1507-rev-parse-upstream.sh
@@ -42,15 +42,18 @@ commit_subject () {
 
 error_message () {
 	(cd clone &&
-	 test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify "$@")
+	 test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify "$@" 2>../error)
 }
 
 test_expect_success '@{upstream} resolves to correct full name' '
-	test refs/remotes/origin/master = "$(full_name @{upstream})"
+	test refs/remotes/origin/master = "$(full_name @{upstream})" &&
+	test refs/remotes/origin/master = "$(full_name @{UPSTREAM})" &&
+	test refs/remotes/origin/master = "$(full_name @{UpSTReam})"
 '
 
 test_expect_success '@{u} resolves to correct full name' '
-	test refs/remotes/origin/master = "$(full_name @{u})"
+	test refs/remotes/origin/master = "$(full_name @{u})" &&
+	test refs/remotes/origin/master = "$(full_name @{U})"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'my-side@{upstream} resolves to correct full name' '
@@ -60,6 +63,8 @@ test_expect_success 'my-side@{upstream} resolves to correct full name' '
 test_expect_success 'upstream of branch with @ in middle' '
 	full_name fun@ny@{u} >actual &&
 	echo refs/remotes/origin/side >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	full_name fun@ny@{U} >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -96,12 +101,14 @@ test_expect_success 'not-tracking@{u} fails' '
 test_expect_success '<branch>@{u}@{1} resolves correctly' '
 	test_commit 6 &&
 	(cd clone && git fetch) &&
-	test 5 = $(commit_subject my-side@{u}@{1})
+	test 5 = $(commit_subject my-side@{u}@{1}) &&
+	test 5 = $(commit_subject my-side@{U}@{1})
 '
 
 test_expect_success '@{u} without specifying branch fails on a detached HEAD' '
 	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
-	test_must_fail git rev-parse @{u}
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse @{u} &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse @{U}
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout -b new my-side@{u} forks from the same' '
@@ -116,9 +123,9 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout -b new my-side@{u} forks from the same' '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge my-side@{u} records the correct name' '
 (
-	cd clone || exit
-	git checkout master || exit
-	git branch -D new ;# can fail but is ok
+	cd clone &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_might_fail git branch -D new &&
 	git branch -t new my-side@{u} &&
 	git merge -s ours new@{u} &&
 	git show -s --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
@@ -131,8 +138,7 @@ test_expect_success 'branch -d other@{u}' '
 	git checkout -t -b other master &&
 	git branch -d @{u} &&
 	git for-each-ref refs/heads/master >actual &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout other@{u}' '
@@ -150,15 +156,15 @@ test_expect_success 'branch@{u} works when tracking a local branch' '
 
 test_expect_success 'branch@{u} error message when no upstream' '
 	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
-	fatal: No upstream configured for branch ${sq}non-tracking${sq}
+	fatal: no upstream configured for branch ${sq}non-tracking${sq}
 	EOF
-	error_message non-tracking@{u} 2>actual &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+	error_message non-tracking@{u} &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect error
 '
 
 test_expect_success '@{u} error message when no upstream' '
 	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
-	fatal: No upstream configured for branch ${sq}master${sq}
+	fatal: no upstream configured for branch ${sq}master${sq}
 	EOF
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify @{u} 2>actual &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect actual
@@ -166,10 +172,10 @@ test_expect_success '@{u} error message when no upstream' '
 
 test_expect_success 'branch@{u} error message with misspelt branch' '
 	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
-	fatal: No such branch: ${sq}no-such-branch${sq}
+	fatal: no such branch: ${sq}no-such-branch${sq}
 	EOF
-	error_message no-such-branch@{u} 2>actual &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+	error_message no-such-branch@{u} &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect error
 '
 
 test_expect_success '@{u} error message when not on a branch' '
@@ -183,10 +189,10 @@ test_expect_success '@{u} error message when not on a branch' '
 
 test_expect_success 'branch@{u} error message if upstream branch not fetched' '
 	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
-	fatal: Upstream branch ${sq}refs/heads/side${sq} not stored as a remote-tracking branch
+	fatal: upstream branch ${sq}refs/heads/side${sq} not stored as a remote-tracking branch
 	EOF
-	error_message bad-upstream@{u} 2>actual &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+	error_message bad-upstream@{u} &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect error
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull works when tracking a local branch' '
@@ -202,8 +208,9 @@ test_expect_success '@{u} works when tracking a local branch' '
 	test refs/heads/master = "$(full_name @{u})"
 '
 
+commit=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
 cat >expect <<EOF
-commit 8f489d01d0cc65c3b0f09504ec50b5ed02a70bd5
+commit $commit
 Reflog: master@{0} (C O Mitter <committer@example.com>)
 Reflog message: branch: Created from HEAD
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
@@ -217,7 +224,7 @@ test_expect_success 'log -g other@{u}' '
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
-commit 8f489d01d0cc65c3b0f09504ec50b5ed02a70bd5
+commit $commit
 Reflog: master@{Thu Apr 7 15:17:13 2005 -0700} (C O Mitter <committer@example.com>)
 Reflog message: branch: Created from HEAD
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
diff --git a/t/t1508-at-combinations.sh b/t/t1508-at-combinations.sh
index 078e1195df..4a9964e9dc 100755
--- a/t/t1508-at-combinations.sh
+++ b/t/t1508-at-combinations.sh
@@ -35,7 +35,10 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	git checkout -b upstream-branch &&
 	test_commit upstream-one &&
 	test_commit upstream-two &&
-	git checkout -b @/at-test &&
+	if test_have_prereq !MINGW
+	then
+		git checkout -b @/at-test
+	fi &&
 	git checkout -b @@/at-test &&
 	git checkout -b @at-test &&
 	git checkout -b old-branch &&
@@ -64,6 +67,7 @@ check "@{-1}@{u}@{1}" commit master-one
 check "@" commit new-two
 check "@@{u}" ref refs/heads/upstream-branch
 check "@@/at-test" ref refs/heads/@@/at-test
+test_have_prereq MINGW ||
 check "@/at-test" ref refs/heads/@/at-test
 check "@at-test" ref refs/heads/@at-test
 nonsense "@{u}@{-1}"
diff --git a/t/t1509-root-worktree.sh b/t/t1509-root-work-tree.sh
index b6977d4b39..553a3f601b 100755
--- a/t/t1509-root-worktree.sh
+++ b/t/t1509-root-work-tree.sh
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ fi
 ONE_SHA1=d00491fd7e5bb6fa28c517a0bb32b8b506539d4d
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
-	rm -rf /foo
+	rm -rf /foo &&
 	mkdir /foo &&
 	mkdir /foo/bar &&
 	echo 1 > /foo/foome &&
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ unset GIT_WORK_TREE
 
 test_expect_success 'go to /' 'cd /'
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
-	rm -rf /.git
+	rm -rf /.git &&
 	echo "Initialized empty Git repository in /.git/" > expected &&
 	git init > result &&
 	test_cmp expected result
@@ -241,8 +241,8 @@ say "auto bare gitdir"
 
 # DESTROYYYYY!!!!!
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
-	rm -rf /refs /objects /info /hooks
-	rm /*
+	rm -rf /refs /objects /info /hooks &&
+	rm -f /expected /ls.expected /me /result &&
 	cd / &&
 	echo "Initialized empty Git repository in /" > expected &&
 	git init --bare > result &&
diff --git a/t/t1509/prepare-chroot.sh b/t/t1509/prepare-chroot.sh
index 62691172e3..6d47e2c725 100755
--- a/t/t1509/prepare-chroot.sh
+++ b/t/t1509/prepare-chroot.sh
@@ -14,25 +14,45 @@ xmkdir() {
 
 R="$1"
 
+[ "$(id -u)" -eq 0 ] && die "This script should not be run as root, what if it does rm -rf /?"
 [ -n "$R" ] || die "usage: prepare-chroot.sh <root>"
 [ -x git ] || die "This script needs to be executed at git source code's top directory"
-[ -x /bin/busybox ] || die "You need busybox"
+if [ -x /bin/busybox ]; then
+	BB=/bin/busybox
+elif [ -x /usr/bin/busybox ]; then
+	BB=/usr/bin/busybox
+else
+	die "You need busybox"
+fi
 
 xmkdir "$R" "$R/bin" "$R/etc" "$R/lib" "$R/dev"
-[ -c "$R/dev/null" ] || die "/dev/null is missing. Do mknod $R/dev/null c 1 3 && chmod 666 $R/dev/null"
+touch "$R/dev/null"
 echo "root:x:0:0:root:/:/bin/sh" > "$R/etc/passwd"
 echo "$(id -nu):x:$(id -u):$(id -g)::$(pwd)/t:/bin/sh" >> "$R/etc/passwd"
 echo "root::0:root" > "$R/etc/group"
 echo "$(id -ng)::$(id -g):$(id -nu)" >> "$R/etc/group"
 
-[ -x "$R/bin/busybox" ] || cp /bin/busybox "$R/bin/busybox"
-[ -x "$R/bin/sh" ] || ln -s /bin/busybox "$R/bin/sh"
-[ -x "$R/bin/su" ] || ln -s /bin/busybox "$R/bin/su"
+[ -x "$R$BB" ] || cp $BB "$R/bin/busybox"
+for cmd in sh su ls expr tr basename rm mkdir mv id uname dirname cat true sed diff; do
+	ln -f -s /bin/busybox "$R/bin/$cmd"
+done
 
 mkdir -p "$R$(pwd)"
 rsync --exclude-from t/t1509/excludes -Ha . "$R$(pwd)"
-ldd git | grep '/' | sed 's,.*\s\(/[^ ]*\).*,\1,' | while read i; do
-	mkdir -p "$R$(dirname $i)"
-	cp "$i" "$R/$i"
+# Fake perl to reduce dependency, t1509 does not use perl, but some
+# env might slip through, see test-lib.sh, unset.*PERL_PATH
+sed 's|^PERL_PATH=.*|PERL_PATH=/bin/true|' GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS > "$R$(pwd)/GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS"
+for cmd in git $BB;do 
+	ldd $cmd | grep '/' | sed 's,.*\s\(/[^ ]*\).*,\1,' | while read i; do
+		mkdir -p "$R$(dirname $i)"
+		cp "$i" "$R/$i"
+	done
 done
-echo "Execute this in root: 'chroot $R /bin/su - $(id -nu)'"
+cat <<EOF
+All is set up in $R, execute t1509 with the following commands:
+
+sudo chroot $R /bin/su - $(id -nu)
+IKNOWWHATIAMDOING=YES ./t1509-root-worktree.sh -v -i
+
+When you are done, simply delete $R to clean up
+EOF
diff --git a/t/t1510-repo-setup.sh b/t/t1510-repo-setup.sh
index e1b2a99f10..9974457f56 100755
--- a/t/t1510-repo-setup.sh
+++ b/t/t1510-repo-setup.sh
@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@ A few rules for repo setup:
 11. When user's cwd is outside worktree, cwd remains unchanged,
     prefix is NULL.
 "
+
+# This test heavily relies on the standard error of nested function calls.
+test_untraceable=UnfortunatelyYes
+
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 here=$(pwd)
@@ -106,6 +110,7 @@ setup_env () {
 expect () {
 	cat >"$1/expected" <<-EOF
 	setup: git_dir: $2
+	setup: git_common_dir: $2
 	setup: worktree: $3
 	setup: cwd: $4
 	setup: prefix: $5
@@ -229,15 +234,14 @@ test_expect_success '#0: nonbare repo, no explicit configuration' '
 	try_repo 0 unset unset unset "" unset \
 		.git "$here/0" "$here/0" "(null)" \
 		.git "$here/0" "$here/0" sub/ 2>message &&
-	! test -s message
+	test_must_be_empty message
 '
 
 test_expect_success '#1: GIT_WORK_TREE without explicit GIT_DIR is accepted' '
-	mkdir -p wt &&
 	try_repo 1 "$here" unset unset "" unset \
 		"$here/1/.git" "$here" "$here" 1/ \
 		"$here/1/.git" "$here" "$here" 1/sub/ 2>message &&
-	! test -s message
+	test_must_be_empty message
 '
 
 test_expect_success '#2: worktree defaults to cwd with explicit GIT_DIR' '
@@ -264,7 +268,7 @@ test_expect_success '#4: core.worktree without GIT_DIR set is accepted' '
 	try_case 4 unset unset \
 		.git "$here/4/sub" "$here/4" "(null)" \
 		"$here/4/.git" "$here/4/sub" "$here/4/sub" "(null)" 2>message &&
-	! test -s message
+	test_must_be_empty message
 '
 
 test_expect_success '#5: core.worktree + GIT_WORK_TREE is accepted' '
@@ -275,7 +279,7 @@ test_expect_success '#5: core.worktree + GIT_WORK_TREE is accepted' '
 	try_repo 5a .. unset "$here/5a" "" unset \
 		"$here/5a/.git" "$here" "$here" 5a/ \
 		"$here/5a/.git" "$here/5a" "$here/5a" sub/ &&
-	! test -s message
+	test_must_be_empty message
 '
 
 test_expect_success '#6: setting GIT_DIR brings core.worktree to life' '
@@ -372,7 +376,7 @@ test_expect_success '#9: GIT_WORK_TREE accepted with gitfile' '
 	try_repo 9 wt unset unset gitfile unset \
 		"$here/9.git" "$here/9/wt" "$here/9" "(null)" \
 		"$here/9.git" "$here/9/sub/wt" "$here/9/sub" "(null)" 2>message &&
-	! test -s message
+	test_must_be_empty message
 '
 
 test_expect_success '#10: GIT_DIR can point to gitfile' '
@@ -398,7 +402,7 @@ test_expect_success '#12: core.worktree with gitfile is accepted' '
 	try_repo 12 unset unset "$here/12" gitfile unset \
 		"$here/12.git" "$here/12" "$here/12" "(null)" \
 		"$here/12.git" "$here/12" "$here/12" sub/ 2>message &&
-	! test -s message
+	test_must_be_empty message
 '
 
 test_expect_success '#13: core.worktree+GIT_WORK_TREE accepted (with gitfile)' '
@@ -406,7 +410,7 @@ test_expect_success '#13: core.worktree+GIT_WORK_TREE accepted (with gitfile)' '
 	try_repo 13 non-existent-too unset non-existent gitfile unset \
 		"$here/13.git" "$here/13/non-existent-too" "$here/13" "(null)" \
 		"$here/13.git" "$here/13/sub/non-existent-too" "$here/13/sub" "(null)" 2>message &&
-	! test -s message
+	test_must_be_empty message
 '
 
 # case #14.
@@ -561,7 +565,7 @@ test_expect_success '#17: GIT_WORK_TREE without explicit GIT_DIR is accepted (ba
 	try_repo 17c "$here/17c" unset unset "" true \
 		.git "$here/17c" "$here/17c" "(null)" \
 		"$here/17c/.git" "$here/17c" "$here/17c" sub/ 2>message &&
-	! test -s message
+	test_must_be_empty message
 '
 
 test_expect_success '#18: bare .git named by GIT_DIR has no worktree' '
@@ -590,7 +594,7 @@ test_expect_success '#20a: core.worktree without GIT_DIR accepted (inside .git)'
 		"$here/20a/.git" "$here/20a" "$here/20a" .git/wt/ &&
 	try_case 20a/.git/wt/sub unset unset \
 		"$here/20a/.git" "$here/20a" "$here/20a" .git/wt/sub/ &&
-	! test -s message
+	test_must_be_empty message
 '
 
 test_expect_success '#20b/c: core.worktree and core.bare conflict' '
@@ -598,11 +602,20 @@ test_expect_success '#20b/c: core.worktree and core.bare conflict' '
 	mkdir -p 20b/.git/wt/sub &&
 	(
 		cd 20b/.git &&
-		test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD >/dev/null
+		test_must_fail git status >/dev/null
 	) 2>message &&
 	grep "core.bare and core.worktree" message
 '
 
+test_expect_success '#20d: core.worktree and core.bare OK when working tree not needed' '
+	setup_repo 20d non-existent "" true &&
+	mkdir -p 20d/.git/wt/sub &&
+	(
+		cd 20d/.git &&
+		git config foo.bar value
+	)
+'
+
 # Case #21: core.worktree/GIT_WORK_TREE overrides core.bare' '
 test_expect_success '#21: setup, core.worktree warns before overriding core.bare' '
 	setup_repo 21 non-existent "" unset &&
@@ -611,9 +624,9 @@ test_expect_success '#21: setup, core.worktree warns before overriding core.bare
 		cd 21/.git &&
 		GIT_WORK_TREE="$here/21" &&
 		export GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-		git symbolic-ref HEAD >/dev/null
+		git status >/dev/null
 	) 2>message &&
-	! test -s message
+	test_must_be_empty message
 
 '
 run_wt_tests 21
@@ -700,13 +713,13 @@ test_expect_success '#22.2: core.worktree and core.bare conflict' '
 		cd 22/.git &&
 		GIT_DIR=. &&
 		export GIT_DIR &&
-		test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>result
+		test_must_fail git status 2>result
 	) &&
 	(
 		cd 22 &&
 		GIT_DIR=.git &&
 		export GIT_DIR &&
-		test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>result
+		test_must_fail git status 2>result
 	) &&
 	grep "core.bare and core.worktree" 22/.git/result &&
 	grep "core.bare and core.worktree" 22/result
@@ -729,7 +742,7 @@ test_expect_success '#25: GIT_WORK_TREE accepted if GIT_DIR unset (bare gitfile
 	try_repo 25 "$here/25" unset unset gitfile true \
 		"$here/25.git" "$here/25" "$here/25" "(null)"  \
 		"$here/25.git" "$here/25" "$here/25" "sub/" 2>message &&
-	! test -s message
+	test_must_be_empty message
 '
 
 test_expect_success '#26: bare repo has no worktree (GIT_DIR -> gitfile case)' '
@@ -752,9 +765,8 @@ test_expect_success '#28: core.worktree and core.bare conflict (gitfile case)' '
 	setup_repo 28 "$here/28" gitfile true &&
 	(
 		cd 28 &&
-		test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD
+		test_must_fail git status
 	) 2>message &&
-	! grep "^warning:" message &&
 	grep "core.bare and core.worktree" message
 '
 
@@ -766,9 +778,9 @@ test_expect_success '#29: setup' '
 		cd 29 &&
 		GIT_WORK_TREE="$here/29" &&
 		export GIT_WORK_TREE &&
-		git symbolic-ref HEAD >/dev/null
+		git status
 	) 2>message &&
-	! test -s message
+	test_must_be_empty message
 '
 run_wt_tests 29 gitfile
 
@@ -777,7 +789,7 @@ test_expect_success '#30: core.worktree and core.bare conflict (gitfile version)
 	setup_repo 30 "$here/30" gitfile true &&
 	(
 		cd 30 &&
-		test_must_fail env GIT_DIR=.git git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>result
+		test_must_fail env GIT_DIR=.git git status 2>result
 	) &&
 	grep "core.bare and core.worktree" 30/result
 '
diff --git a/t/t1511-rev-parse-caret.sh b/t/t1511-rev-parse-caret.sh
index 15973f2094..e0a49a651f 100755
--- a/t/t1511-rev-parse-caret.sh
+++ b/t/t1511-rev-parse-caret.sh
@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ test_description='tests for ref^{stuff}'
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	echo blob >a-blob &&
-	git tag -a -m blob blob-tag `git hash-object -w a-blob` &&
+	git tag -a -m blob blob-tag $(git hash-object -w a-blob) &&
 	mkdir a-tree &&
 	echo moreblobs >a-tree/another-blob &&
 	git add . &&
-	TREE_SHA1=`git write-tree` &&
+	TREE_SHA1=$(git write-tree) &&
 	git tag -a -m tree tree-tag "$TREE_SHA1" &&
 	git commit -m Initial &&
 	git tag -a -m commit commit-tag &&
@@ -18,7 +18,18 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	git checkout master &&
 	echo modified >>a-blob &&
 	git add -u &&
-	git commit -m Modified
+	git commit -m Modified &&
+	git branch modref &&
+	echo changed! >>a-blob &&
+	git add -u &&
+	git commit -m !Exp &&
+	git branch expref &&
+	echo changed >>a-blob &&
+	git add -u &&
+	git commit -m Changed &&
+	echo changed-again >>a-blob &&
+	git add -u &&
+	git commit -m Changed-again
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ref^{non-existent}' '
@@ -77,4 +88,44 @@ test_expect_success 'ref^{/Initial}' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'ref^{/!Exp}' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse master^{/!Exp}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{/!}' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse master^{/!}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{/!!Exp}' '
+	git rev-parse expref >expected &&
+	git rev-parse master^{/!!Exp} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{/!-}' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse master^{/!-}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{/!-.}' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse master^{/!-.}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{/!-non-existent}' '
+	git rev-parse master >expected &&
+	git rev-parse master^{/!-non-existent} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{/!-Changed}' '
+	git rev-parse expref >expected &&
+	git rev-parse master^{/!-Changed} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref^{/!-!Exp}' '
+	git rev-parse modref >expected &&
+	git rev-parse expref^{/!-!Exp} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1512-rev-parse-disambiguation.sh b/t/t1512-rev-parse-disambiguation.sh
index 4a155c8d09..e4d5b56014 100755
--- a/t/t1512-rev-parse-disambiguation.sh
+++ b/t/t1512-rev-parse-disambiguation.sh
@@ -22,14 +22,20 @@ one tagged as v1.0.0.  They all have one regular file each.
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq SHA1
+then
+	skip_all='not using SHA-1 for objects'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 test_expect_success 'blob and tree' '
 	test_tick &&
 	(
 		for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
 		do
 			echo $i
-		done
-		echo
+		done &&
+		echo &&
 		echo b1rwzyc3
 	) >a0blgqsjc &&
 
@@ -42,7 +48,7 @@ test_expect_success 'blob and tree' '
 
 test_expect_success 'warn ambiguity when no candidate matches type hint' '
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify 000000000^{commit} 2>actual &&
-	grep "short SHA1 000000000 is ambiguous" actual
+	test_i18ngrep "short SHA1 000000000 is ambiguous" actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'disambiguate tree-ish' '
@@ -216,7 +222,7 @@ test_expect_success 'more history' '
 
 	test_might_fail git rm -f a0blgqsjc &&
 	(
-		git cat-file blob $side:f5518nwu
+		git cat-file blob $side:f5518nwu &&
 		echo j3l0i9s6
 	) >ab2gs879 &&
 	git add ab2gs879 &&
@@ -264,6 +270,13 @@ test_expect_success 'ambiguous commit-ish' '
 	test_must_fail git log 000000000...
 '
 
+# There are three objects with this prefix: a blob, a tree, and a tag. We know
+# the blob will not pass as a treeish, but the tree and tag should (and thus
+# cause an error).
+test_expect_success 'ambiguous tags peel to treeish' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse 0000000000f^{tree}
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'rev-parse --disambiguate' '
 	# The test creates 16 objects that share the prefix and two
 	# commits created by commit-tree in earlier tests share a
@@ -273,22 +286,106 @@ test_expect_success 'rev-parse --disambiguate' '
 	test "$(sed -e "s/^\(.........\).*/\1/" actual | sort -u)" = 000000000
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse --disambiguate drops duplicates' '
+	git rev-parse --disambiguate=000000000 >expect &&
+	git pack-objects .git/objects/pack/pack <expect &&
+	git rev-parse --disambiguate=000000000 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'ambiguous 40-hex ref' '
 	TREE=$(git mktree </dev/null) &&
-	REF=`git rev-parse HEAD` &&
+	REF=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	VAL=$(git commit-tree $TREE </dev/null) &&
 	git update-ref refs/heads/$REF $VAL &&
-	test `git rev-parse $REF 2>err` = $REF &&
+	test $(git rev-parse $REF 2>err) = $REF &&
 	grep "refname.*${REF}.*ambiguous" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ambiguous short sha1 ref' '
 	TREE=$(git mktree </dev/null) &&
-	REF=`git rev-parse --short HEAD` &&
+	REF=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
 	VAL=$(git commit-tree $TREE </dev/null) &&
 	git update-ref refs/heads/$REF $VAL &&
-	test `git rev-parse $REF 2>err` = $VAL &&
+	test $(git rev-parse $REF 2>err) = $VAL &&
 	grep "refname.*${REF}.*ambiguous" err
 '
 
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'ambiguity errors are not repeated (raw)' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse 00000 2>stderr &&
+	grep "is ambiguous" stderr >errors &&
+	test_line_count = 1 errors
+'
+
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'ambiguity errors are not repeated (treeish)' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse 00000:foo 2>stderr &&
+	grep "is ambiguous" stderr >errors &&
+	test_line_count = 1 errors
+'
+
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'ambiguity errors are not repeated (peel)' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse 00000^{commit} 2>stderr &&
+	grep "is ambiguous" stderr >errors &&
+	test_line_count = 1 errors
+'
+
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'ambiguity hints' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse 000000000 2>stderr &&
+	grep ^hint: stderr >hints &&
+	# 16 candidates, plus one intro line
+	test_line_count = 17 hints
+'
+
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'ambiguity hints respect type' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse 000000000^{commit} 2>stderr &&
+	grep ^hint: stderr >hints &&
+	# 5 commits, 1 tag (which is a commitish), plus intro line
+	test_line_count = 7 hints
+'
+
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'failed type-selector still shows hint' '
+	# these two blobs share the same prefix "ee3d", but neither
+	# will pass for a commit
+	echo 851 | git hash-object --stdin -w &&
+	echo 872 | git hash-object --stdin -w &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse ee3d^{commit} 2>stderr &&
+	grep ^hint: stderr >hints &&
+	test_line_count = 3 hints
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'core.disambiguate config can prefer types' '
+	# ambiguous between tree and tag
+	sha1=0000000000f &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse $sha1 &&
+	git rev-parse $sha1^{commit} &&
+	git -c core.disambiguate=committish rev-parse $sha1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'core.disambiguate does not override context' '
+	# treeish ambiguous between tag and tree
+	test_must_fail \
+		git -c core.disambiguate=committish rev-parse $sha1^{tree}
+'
+
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'ambiguous commits are printed by type first, then hash order' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse 0000 2>stderr &&
+	grep ^hint: stderr >hints &&
+	grep 0000 hints >objects &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	tag
+	commit
+	tree
+	blob
+	EOF
+	awk "{print \$3}" <objects >objects.types &&
+	uniq <objects.types >objects.types.uniq &&
+	test_cmp expected objects.types.uniq &&
+	for type in tag commit tree blob
+	do
+		grep $type objects >$type.objects &&
+		sort $type.objects >$type.objects.sorted &&
+		test_cmp $type.objects.sorted $type.objects
+	done
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1514-rev-parse-push.sh b/t/t1514-rev-parse-push.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..788cc91e45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1514-rev-parse-push.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test <branch>@{push} syntax'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+resolve () {
+	echo "$2" >expect &&
+	git rev-parse --symbolic-full-name "$1" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	git init --bare parent.git &&
+	git init --bare other.git &&
+	git remote add origin parent.git &&
+	git remote add other other.git &&
+	test_commit base &&
+	git push origin HEAD &&
+	git branch --set-upstream-to=origin/master master &&
+	git branch --track topic origin/master &&
+	git push origin topic &&
+	git push other topic
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{push} with default=nothing' '
+	test_config push.default nothing &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse master@{push} &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse master@{PUSH} &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse master@{PuSH}
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{push} with default=simple' '
+	test_config push.default simple &&
+	resolve master@{push} refs/remotes/origin/master &&
+	resolve master@{PUSH} refs/remotes/origin/master &&
+	resolve master@{pUSh} refs/remotes/origin/master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'triangular @{push} fails with default=simple' '
+	test_config push.default simple &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse topic@{push}
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{push} with default=current' '
+	test_config push.default current &&
+	resolve topic@{push} refs/remotes/origin/topic
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{push} with default=matching' '
+	test_config push.default matching &&
+	resolve topic@{push} refs/remotes/origin/topic
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{push} with pushremote defined' '
+	test_config push.default current &&
+	test_config branch.topic.pushremote other &&
+	resolve topic@{push} refs/remotes/other/topic
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{push} with push refspecs' '
+	test_config push.default nothing &&
+	test_config remote.origin.push refs/heads/*:refs/heads/magic/* &&
+	git push &&
+	resolve topic@{push} refs/remotes/origin/magic/topic
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'resolving @{push} fails with a detached HEAD' '
+	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -" &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse @{push}
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1515-rev-parse-outside-repo.sh b/t/t1515-rev-parse-outside-repo.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3ec2971ee5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1515-rev-parse-outside-repo.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='check that certain rev-parse options work outside repo'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'set up non-repo directory' '
+	GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES=$(pwd) &&
+	export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES &&
+	mkdir non-repo &&
+	cd non-repo &&
+	# confirm that git does not find a repo
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --git-dir
+'
+
+# Rather than directly test the output of sq-quote directly,
+# make sure the shell can read back a tricky case, since
+# that's what we really care about anyway.
+tricky="really tricky with \\ and \" and '"
+dump_args () {
+	for i in "$@"; do
+		echo "arg: $i"
+	done
+}
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse --sq-quote' '
+	dump_args "$tricky" easy >expect &&
+	eval "dump_args $(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$tricky" easy)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse --local-env-vars' '
+	git rev-parse --local-env-vars >actual &&
+	# we do not want to depend on the complete list here,
+	# so just look for something plausible
+	grep ^GIT_DIR actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse --resolve-git-dir' '
+	git init --separate-git-dir repo dir &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --resolve-git-dir . &&
+	echo "$(pwd)/repo" >expect &&
+	git rev-parse --resolve-git-dir dir/.git >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1600-index.sh b/t/t1600-index.sh
index 079d241145..42962ed7d4 100755
--- a/t/t1600-index.sh
+++ b/t/t1600-index.sh
@@ -41,8 +41,7 @@ test_expect_success 'no warning with bogus GIT_INDEX_VERSION and existing index'
 		GIT_INDEX_VERSION=1 &&
 		export GIT_INDEX_VERSION &&
 		git add a 2>actual.err &&
-		>expect.err &&
-		test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
+		test_must_be_empty actual.err
 	)
 '
 
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ test_expect_success 'GIT_INDEX_VERSION takes precedence over config' '
 		git config --add index.version 2 &&
 		git add a 2>&1 &&
 		echo 4 >expect &&
-		test-index-version <.git/index >actual &&
+		test-tool index-version <.git/index >actual &&
 		test_cmp expect actual
 	)
 '
diff --git a/t/t1601-index-bogus.sh b/t/t1601-index-bogus.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4171f1e141
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1601-index-bogus.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test handling of bogus index entries'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'create tree with null sha1' '
+	tree=$(printf "160000 commit $ZERO_OID\\tbroken\\n" | git mktree)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'read-tree refuses to read null sha1' '
+	test_must_fail git read-tree $tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_ALLOW_NULL_SHA1 overrides refusal' '
+	GIT_ALLOW_NULL_SHA1=1 git read-tree $tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git write-tree refuses to write null sha1' '
+	test_must_fail git write-tree
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1700-split-index.sh b/t/t1700-split-index.sh
index a55f5bc0a1..b3b4d83eaf 100755
--- a/t/t1700-split-index.sh
+++ b/t/t1700-split-index.sh
@@ -6,16 +6,27 @@ test_description='split index mode tests'
 
 # We need total control of index splitting here
 sane_unset GIT_TEST_SPLIT_INDEX
+sane_unset GIT_FSMONITOR_TEST
 
 test_expect_success 'enable split index' '
+	git config splitIndex.maxPercentChange 100 &&
 	git update-index --split-index &&
-	test-dump-split-index .git/index >actual &&
-	cat >expect <<EOF &&
-own 8299b0bcd1ac364e5f1d7768efb62fa2da79a339
-base 39d890139ee5356c7ef572216cebcd27aa41f9df
-replacements:
-deletions:
-EOF
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index >actual &&
+	indexversion=$(test-tool index-version <.git/index) &&
+	if test "$indexversion" = "4"
+	then
+		own=432ef4b63f32193984f339431fd50ca796493569
+		base=508851a7f0dfa8691e9f69c7f055865389012491
+	else
+		own=8299b0bcd1ac364e5f1d7768efb62fa2da79a339
+		base=39d890139ee5356c7ef572216cebcd27aa41f9df
+	fi &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	own $own
+	base $base
+	replacements:
+	deletions:
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -23,51 +34,51 @@ test_expect_success 'add one file' '
 	: >one &&
 	git update-index --add one &&
 	git ls-files --stage >ls-files.actual &&
-	cat >ls-files.expect <<EOF &&
-100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	one
-EOF
+	cat >ls-files.expect <<-EOF &&
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	one
+	EOF
 	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.actual &&
 
-	test-dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
-	cat >expect <<EOF &&
-base 39d890139ee5356c7ef572216cebcd27aa41f9df
-100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	one
-replacements:
-deletions:
-EOF
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	base $base
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	one
+	replacements:
+	deletions:
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'disable split index' '
 	git update-index --no-split-index &&
 	git ls-files --stage >ls-files.actual &&
-	cat >ls-files.expect <<EOF &&
-100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	one
-EOF
+	cat >ls-files.expect <<-EOF &&
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	one
+	EOF
 	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.actual &&
 
-	BASE=`test-dump-split-index .git/index | grep "^own" | sed "s/own/base/"` &&
-	test-dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
-	cat >expect <<EOF &&
-not a split index
-EOF
+	BASE=$(test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | grep "^own" | sed "s/own/base/") &&
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	not a split index
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'enable split index again, "one" now belongs to base index"' '
 	git update-index --split-index &&
 	git ls-files --stage >ls-files.actual &&
-	cat >ls-files.expect <<EOF &&
-100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	one
-EOF
+	cat >ls-files.expect <<-EOF &&
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	one
+	EOF
 	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.actual &&
 
-	test-dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
-	cat >expect <<EOF &&
-$BASE
-replacements:
-deletions:
-EOF
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$BASE
+	replacements:
+	deletions:
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -75,18 +86,18 @@ test_expect_success 'modify original file, base index untouched' '
 	echo modified >one &&
 	git update-index one &&
 	git ls-files --stage >ls-files.actual &&
-	cat >ls-files.expect <<EOF &&
-100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0	one
-EOF
+	cat >ls-files.expect <<-EOF &&
+	100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0	one
+	EOF
 	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.actual &&
 
-	test-dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
-	q_to_tab >expect <<EOF &&
-$BASE
-100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0Q
-replacements: 0
-deletions:
-EOF
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
+	q_to_tab >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$BASE
+	100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0Q
+	replacements: 0
+	deletions:
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -94,54 +105,52 @@ test_expect_success 'add another file, which stays index' '
 	: >two &&
 	git update-index --add two &&
 	git ls-files --stage >ls-files.actual &&
-	cat >ls-files.expect <<EOF &&
-100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0	one
-100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	two
-EOF
+	cat >ls-files.expect <<-EOF &&
+	100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0	one
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	two
+	EOF
 	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.actual &&
 
-	test-dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
-	q_to_tab >expect <<EOF &&
-$BASE
-100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0Q
-100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	two
-replacements: 0
-deletions:
-EOF
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
+	q_to_tab >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$BASE
+	100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0Q
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	two
+	replacements: 0
+	deletions:
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'remove file not in base index' '
 	git update-index --force-remove two &&
 	git ls-files --stage >ls-files.actual &&
-	cat >ls-files.expect <<EOF &&
-100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0	one
-EOF
+	cat >ls-files.expect <<-EOF &&
+	100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0	one
+	EOF
 	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.actual &&
 
-	test-dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
-	q_to_tab >expect <<EOF &&
-$BASE
-100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0Q
-replacements: 0
-deletions:
-EOF
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
+	q_to_tab >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$BASE
+	100644 2e0996000b7e9019eabcad29391bf0f5c7702f0b 0Q
+	replacements: 0
+	deletions:
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'remove file in base index' '
 	git update-index --force-remove one &&
 	git ls-files --stage >ls-files.actual &&
-	cat >ls-files.expect <<EOF &&
-EOF
-	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty ls-files.actual &&
 
-	test-dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
-	cat >expect <<EOF &&
-$BASE
-replacements:
-deletions: 0
-EOF
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$BASE
+	replacements:
+	deletions: 0
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -149,18 +158,18 @@ test_expect_success 'add original file back' '
 	: >one &&
 	git update-index --add one &&
 	git ls-files --stage >ls-files.actual &&
-	cat >ls-files.expect <<EOF &&
-100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	one
-EOF
+	cat >ls-files.expect <<-EOF &&
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	one
+	EOF
 	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.actual &&
 
-	test-dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
-	cat >expect <<EOF &&
-$BASE
-100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	one
-replacements:
-deletions: 0
-EOF
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$BASE
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	one
+	replacements:
+	deletions: 0
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -168,27 +177,264 @@ test_expect_success 'add new file' '
 	: >two &&
 	git update-index --add two &&
 	git ls-files --stage >actual &&
-	cat >expect <<EOF &&
-100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	one
-100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	two
-EOF
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	one
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	two
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'unify index, two files remain' '
 	git update-index --no-split-index &&
 	git ls-files --stage >ls-files.actual &&
-	cat >ls-files.expect <<EOF &&
-100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	one
-100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	two
-EOF
+	cat >ls-files.expect <<-EOF &&
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	one
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	two
+	EOF
 	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.actual &&
 
-	test-dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
-	cat >expect <<EOF &&
-not a split index
-EOF
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	not a split index
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse --shared-index-path' '
+	test_create_repo split-index &&
+	(
+		cd split-index &&
+		git update-index --split-index &&
+		echo .git/sharedindex* >expect &&
+		git rev-parse --shared-index-path >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		mkdir subdirectory &&
+		cd subdirectory &&
+		echo ../.git/sharedindex* >expect &&
+		git rev-parse --shared-index-path >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set core.splitIndex config variable to true' '
+	git config core.splitIndex true &&
+	: >three &&
+	git update-index --add three &&
+	git ls-files --stage >ls-files.actual &&
+	cat >ls-files.expect <<-EOF &&
+	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	one
+	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	three
+	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	two
+	EOF
+	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.actual &&
+	BASE=$(test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | grep "^base") &&
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$BASE
+	replacements:
+	deletions:
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'set core.splitIndex config variable to false' '
+	git config core.splitIndex false &&
+	git update-index --force-remove three &&
+	git ls-files --stage >ls-files.actual &&
+	cat >ls-files.expect <<-EOF &&
+	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	one
+	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	two
+	EOF
+	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.actual &&
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	not a split index
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set core.splitIndex config variable to true' '
+	git config core.splitIndex true &&
+	: >three &&
+	git update-index --add three &&
+	BASE=$(test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | grep "^base") &&
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$BASE
+	replacements:
+	deletions:
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	: >four &&
+	git update-index --add four &&
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$BASE
+	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	four
+	replacements:
+	deletions:
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check behavior with splitIndex.maxPercentChange unset' '
+	git config --unset splitIndex.maxPercentChange &&
+	: >five &&
+	git update-index --add five &&
+	BASE=$(test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | grep "^base") &&
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$BASE
+	replacements:
+	deletions:
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	: >six &&
+	git update-index --add six &&
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$BASE
+	100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0	six
+	replacements:
+	deletions:
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check splitIndex.maxPercentChange set to 0' '
+	git config splitIndex.maxPercentChange 0 &&
+	: >seven &&
+	git update-index --add seven &&
+	BASE=$(test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | grep "^base") &&
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$BASE
+	replacements:
+	deletions:
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	: >eight &&
+	git update-index --add eight &&
+	BASE=$(test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | grep "^base") &&
+	test-tool dump-split-index .git/index | sed "/^own/d" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$BASE
+	replacements:
+	deletions:
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'shared index files expire after 2 weeks by default' '
+	: >ten &&
+	git update-index --add ten &&
+	test $(ls .git/sharedindex.* | wc -l) -gt 2 &&
+	just_under_2_weeks_ago=$((5-14*86400)) &&
+	test-tool chmtime =$just_under_2_weeks_ago .git/sharedindex.* &&
+	: >eleven &&
+	git update-index --add eleven &&
+	test $(ls .git/sharedindex.* | wc -l) -gt 2 &&
+	just_over_2_weeks_ago=$((-1-14*86400)) &&
+	test-tool chmtime =$just_over_2_weeks_ago .git/sharedindex.* &&
+	: >twelve &&
+	git update-index --add twelve &&
+	test $(ls .git/sharedindex.* | wc -l) -le 2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check splitIndex.sharedIndexExpire set to 16 days' '
+	git config splitIndex.sharedIndexExpire "16.days.ago" &&
+	test-tool chmtime =$just_over_2_weeks_ago .git/sharedindex.* &&
+	: >thirteen &&
+	git update-index --add thirteen &&
+	test $(ls .git/sharedindex.* | wc -l) -gt 2 &&
+	just_over_16_days_ago=$((-1-16*86400)) &&
+	test-tool chmtime =$just_over_16_days_ago .git/sharedindex.* &&
+	: >fourteen &&
+	git update-index --add fourteen &&
+	test $(ls .git/sharedindex.* | wc -l) -le 2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check splitIndex.sharedIndexExpire set to "never" and "now"' '
+	git config splitIndex.sharedIndexExpire never &&
+	just_10_years_ago=$((-365*10*86400)) &&
+	test-tool chmtime =$just_10_years_ago .git/sharedindex.* &&
+	: >fifteen &&
+	git update-index --add fifteen &&
+	test $(ls .git/sharedindex.* | wc -l) -gt 2 &&
+	git config splitIndex.sharedIndexExpire now &&
+	just_1_second_ago=-1 &&
+	test-tool chmtime =$just_1_second_ago .git/sharedindex.* &&
+	: >sixteen &&
+	git update-index --add sixteen &&
+	test $(ls .git/sharedindex.* | wc -l) -le 2
+'
+
+while read -r mode modebits
+do
+	test_expect_success POSIXPERM "split index respects core.sharedrepository $mode" '
+		# Remove existing shared index files
+		git config core.splitIndex false &&
+		git update-index --force-remove one &&
+		rm -f .git/sharedindex.* &&
+		# Create one new shared index file
+		git config core.sharedrepository "$mode" &&
+		git config core.splitIndex true &&
+		: >one &&
+		git update-index --add one &&
+		echo "$modebits" >expect &&
+		test_modebits .git/index >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		shared=$(ls .git/sharedindex.*) &&
+		case "$shared" in
+		*" "*)
+			# we have more than one???
+			false ;;
+		*)
+			test_modebits "$shared" >actual &&
+			test_cmp expect actual ;;
+		esac
+	'
+done <<\EOF
+0666 -rw-rw-rw-
+0642 -rw-r---w-
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SANITY 'graceful handling when splitting index is not allowed' '
+	test_create_repo ro &&
+	(
+		cd ro &&
+		test_commit initial &&
+		git update-index --split-index &&
+		test -f .git/sharedindex.*
+	) &&
+	cp ro/.git/index new-index &&
+	test_when_finished "chmod u+w ro/.git" &&
+	chmod u-w ro/.git &&
+	GIT_INDEX_FILE="$(pwd)/new-index" git -C ro update-index --split-index &&
+	chmod u+w ro/.git &&
+	rm ro/.git/sharedindex.* &&
+	GIT_INDEX_FILE=new-index git ls-files >actual &&
+	echo initial.t >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'writing split index with null sha1 does not write cache tree' '
+	git config core.splitIndex true &&
+	git config splitIndex.maxPercentChange 0 &&
+	git commit -m "commit" &&
+	{
+		git ls-tree HEAD &&
+		printf "160000 commit $ZERO_OID\\tbroken\\n"
+	} >broken-tree &&
+	echo "add broken entry" >msg &&
+
+	tree=$(git mktree <broken-tree) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	commit=$(git commit-tree $tree -p HEAD <msg) &&
+	git update-ref HEAD "$commit" &&
+	GIT_ALLOW_NULL_SHA1=1 git reset --hard &&
+	test_might_fail test-tool dump-cache-tree >cache-tree.out &&
+	test_line_count = 0 cache-tree.out
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2010-checkout-ambiguous.sh b/t/t2010-checkout-ambiguous.sh
index 87bdf9c96b..2e47fe01cf 100755
--- a/t/t2010-checkout-ambiguous.sh
+++ b/t/t2010-checkout-ambiguous.sh
@@ -41,6 +41,15 @@ test_expect_success 'check ambiguity' '
 	test_must_fail git checkout world all
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'check ambiguity in subdir' '
+	mkdir sub &&
+	# not ambiguous because sub/world does not exist
+	git -C sub checkout world ../all &&
+	echo hello >sub/world &&
+	# ambiguous because sub/world does exist
+	test_must_fail git -C sub checkout world ../all
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'disambiguate checking out from a tree-ish' '
 	echo bye > world &&
 	git checkout world -- world &&
@@ -49,7 +58,7 @@ test_expect_success 'disambiguate checking out from a tree-ish' '
 
 test_expect_success 'accurate error message with more than one ref' '
 	test_must_fail git checkout HEAD master -- 2>actual &&
-	grep 2 actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep 2 actual &&
 	test_i18ngrep "one reference expected, 2 given" actual
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t2011-checkout-invalid-head.sh b/t/t2011-checkout-invalid-head.sh
index 300f8bf25c..0e8d56aa76 100755
--- a/t/t2011-checkout-invalid-head.sh
+++ b/t/t2011-checkout-invalid-head.sh
@@ -15,8 +15,47 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout should not start branch from a tree' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout master from invalid HEAD' '
-	echo $_z40 >.git/HEAD &&
+	echo $ZERO_OID >.git/HEAD &&
 	git checkout master --
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'checkout notices failure to lock HEAD' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/HEAD.lock" &&
+	>.git/HEAD.lock &&
+	test_must_fail git checkout -b other
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create ref directory/file conflict scenario' '
+	git update-ref refs/heads/outer/inner master &&
+
+	# do not rely on symbolic-ref to get a known state,
+	# as it may use the same code we are testing
+	reset_to_df () {
+		echo "ref: refs/heads/outer" >.git/HEAD
+	}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout away from d/f HEAD (unpacked, to branch)' '
+	reset_to_df &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout away from d/f HEAD (unpacked, to detached)' '
+	reset_to_df &&
+	git checkout --detach master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack refs' '
+	git pack-refs --all --prune
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout away from d/f HEAD (packed, to branch)' '
+	reset_to_df &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout away from d/f HEAD (packed, to detached)' '
+	reset_to_df &&
+	git checkout --detach master
+'
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh b/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh
index 6847f75822..8f86b5f4b2 100755
--- a/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ test_expect_success '"checkout <submodule>" honors diff.ignoreSubmodules' '
 	git config diff.ignoreSubmodules dirty &&
 	echo x> submodule/untracked &&
 	git checkout HEAD >actual 2>&1 &&
-	! test -s actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success '"checkout <submodule>" honors submodule.*.ignore from .gitmodules' '
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ test_expect_success '"checkout <submodule>" honors submodule.*.ignore from .gitm
 	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.submodule.path submodule &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.submodule.ignore untracked &&
 	git checkout HEAD >actual 2>&1 &&
-	! test -s actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success '"checkout <submodule>" honors submodule.*.ignore from .git/config' '
@@ -60,9 +60,14 @@ test_expect_success '"checkout <submodule>" honors submodule.*.ignore from .git/
 	git config submodule.submodule.path submodule &&
 	git config submodule.submodule.ignore all &&
 	git checkout HEAD >actual 2>&1 &&
-	! test -s actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
+KNOWN_FAILURE_DIRECTORY_SUBMODULE_CONFLICTS=1
+test_submodule_switch_recursing_with_args "checkout"
+
+test_submodule_forced_switch_recursing_with_args "checkout -f"
+
 test_submodule_switch "git checkout"
 
 test_submodule_forced_switch "git checkout -f"
diff --git a/t/t2016-checkout-patch.sh b/t/t2016-checkout-patch.sh
index 9cd0ac4ba3..47aeb0b167 100755
--- a/t/t2016-checkout-patch.sh
+++ b/t/t2016-checkout-patch.sh
@@ -20,33 +20,33 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'setup' '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'saying "n" does nothing' '
 	set_and_save_state dir/foo work head &&
-	(echo n; echo n) | git checkout -p &&
+	test_write_lines n n | git checkout -p &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
 	verify_saved_state dir/foo
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'git checkout -p' '
-	(echo n; echo y) | git checkout -p &&
+	test_write_lines n y | git checkout -p &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
 	verify_state dir/foo head head
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'git checkout -p with staged changes' '
 	set_state dir/foo work index &&
-	(echo n; echo y) | git checkout -p &&
+	test_write_lines n y | git checkout -p &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
 	verify_state dir/foo index index
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'git checkout -p HEAD with NO staged changes: abort' '
 	set_and_save_state dir/foo work head &&
-	(echo n; echo y; echo n) | git checkout -p HEAD &&
+	test_write_lines n y n | git checkout -p HEAD &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
 	verify_saved_state dir/foo
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'git checkout -p HEAD with NO staged changes: apply' '
-	(echo n; echo y; echo y) | git checkout -p HEAD &&
+	test_write_lines n y y | git checkout -p HEAD &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
 	verify_state dir/foo head head
 '
@@ -54,14 +54,14 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'git checkout -p HEAD with NO staged changes: apply' '
 test_expect_success PERL 'git checkout -p HEAD with change already staged' '
 	set_state dir/foo index index &&
 	# the third n is to get out in case it mistakenly does not apply
-	(echo n; echo y; echo n) | git checkout -p HEAD &&
+	test_write_lines n y n | git checkout -p HEAD &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
 	verify_state dir/foo head head
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'git checkout -p HEAD^' '
 	# the third n is to get out in case it mistakenly does not apply
-	(echo n; echo y; echo n) | git checkout -p HEAD^ &&
+	test_write_lines n y n | git checkout -p HEAD^ &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
 	verify_state dir/foo parent parent
 '
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'git checkout -p HEAD^' '
 test_expect_success PERL 'git checkout -p handles deletion' '
 	set_state dir/foo work index &&
 	rm dir/foo &&
-	(echo n; echo y) | git checkout -p &&
+	test_write_lines n y | git checkout -p &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
 	verify_state dir/foo index index
 '
@@ -81,21 +81,21 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'git checkout -p handles deletion' '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'path limiting works: dir' '
 	set_state dir/foo work head &&
-	(echo y; echo n) | git checkout -p dir &&
+	test_write_lines y n | git checkout -p dir &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
 	verify_state dir/foo head head
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'path limiting works: -- dir' '
 	set_state dir/foo work head &&
-	(echo y; echo n) | git checkout -p -- dir &&
+	test_write_lines y n | git checkout -p -- dir &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
 	verify_state dir/foo head head
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'path limiting works: HEAD^ -- dir' '
 	# the third n is to get out in case it mistakenly does not apply
-	(echo y; echo n; echo n) | git checkout -p HEAD^ -- dir &&
+	test_write_lines y n n | git checkout -p HEAD^ -- dir &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
 	verify_state dir/foo parent parent
 '
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'path limiting works: HEAD^ -- dir' '
 test_expect_success PERL 'path limiting works: foo inside dir' '
 	set_state dir/foo work head &&
 	# the third n is to get out in case it mistakenly does not apply
-	(echo y; echo n; echo n) | (cd dir && git checkout -p foo) &&
+	test_write_lines y n n | (cd dir && git checkout -p foo) &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
 	verify_state dir/foo head head
 '
diff --git a/t/t2018-checkout-branch.sh b/t/t2018-checkout-branch.sh
index 2741262369..2131fb2a56 100755
--- a/t/t2018-checkout-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t2018-checkout-branch.sh
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout -b to @{-1} fails with the right branch name' '
 	git checkout branch2 &&
 	echo  >expect "fatal: A branch named '\''branch1'\'' already exists." &&
 	test_must_fail git checkout -b @{-1} 2>actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout -B to an existing branch resets branch to HEAD' '
diff --git a/t/t2020-checkout-detach.sh b/t/t2020-checkout-detach.sh
index 5d68729d7a..1fa670625c 100755
--- a/t/t2020-checkout-detach.sh
+++ b/t/t2020-checkout-detach.sh
@@ -163,4 +163,158 @@ test_expect_success 'tracking count is accurate after orphan check' '
 	test_i18ncmp expect stdout
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'no advice given for explicit detached head state' '
+	# baseline
+	test_config advice.detachedHead true &&
+	git checkout child && git checkout HEAD^0 >expect.advice 2>&1 &&
+	test_config advice.detachedHead false &&
+	git checkout child && git checkout HEAD^0 >expect.no-advice 2>&1 &&
+	test_unconfig advice.detachedHead &&
+	# without configuration, the advice.* variables default to true
+	git checkout child && git checkout HEAD^0 >actual 2>&1 &&
+	test_cmp expect.advice actual &&
+
+	# with explicit --detach
+	# no configuration
+	test_unconfig advice.detachedHead &&
+	git checkout child && git checkout --detach HEAD^0 >actual 2>&1 &&
+	test_cmp expect.no-advice actual &&
+
+	# explicitly decline advice
+	test_config advice.detachedHead false &&
+	git checkout child && git checkout --detach HEAD^0 >actual 2>&1 &&
+	test_cmp expect.no-advice actual
+'
+
+# Detached HEAD tests for GIT_PRINT_SHA1_ELLIPSIS (new format)
+test_expect_success 'describe_detached_head prints no SHA-1 ellipsis when not asked to' "
+
+	commit=$(git rev-parse --short=12 master^) &&
+	commit2=$(git rev-parse --short=12 master~2) &&
+	commit3=$(git rev-parse --short=12 master~3) &&
+
+	# The first detach operation is more chatty than the following ones.
+	cat >1st_detach <<-EOF &&
+	Note: checking out 'HEAD^'.
+
+	You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental
+	changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this
+	state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.
+
+	If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may
+	do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:
+
+	  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>
+
+	HEAD is now at \$commit three
+	EOF
+
+	# The remaining ones just show info about previous and current HEADs.
+	cat >2nd_detach <<-EOF &&
+	Previous HEAD position was \$commit three
+	HEAD is now at \$commit2 two
+	EOF
+
+	cat >3rd_detach <<-EOF &&
+	Previous HEAD position was \$commit2 two
+	HEAD is now at \$commit3 one
+	EOF
+
+	reset &&
+	check_not_detached &&
+
+	# Various ways of *not* asking for ellipses
+
+	sane_unset GIT_PRINT_SHA1_ELLIPSIS &&
+	git -c 'core.abbrev=12' checkout HEAD^ >actual 2>&1 &&
+	check_detached &&
+	test_i18ncmp 1st_detach actual &&
+
+	GIT_PRINT_SHA1_ELLIPSIS="no" git -c 'core.abbrev=12' checkout HEAD^ >actual 2>&1 &&
+	check_detached &&
+	test_i18ncmp 2nd_detach actual &&
+
+	GIT_PRINT_SHA1_ELLIPSIS= git -c 'core.abbrev=12' checkout HEAD^ >actual 2>&1 &&
+	check_detached &&
+	test_i18ncmp 3rd_detach actual &&
+
+	sane_unset GIT_PRINT_SHA1_ELLIPSIS &&
+
+	# We only have four commits, but we can re-use them
+	reset &&
+	check_not_detached &&
+
+	# Make no mention of the env var at all
+	git -c 'core.abbrev=12' checkout HEAD^ >actual 2>&1 &&
+	check_detached &&
+	test_i18ncmp 1st_detach actual &&
+
+	GIT_PRINT_SHA1_ELLIPSIS='nope' &&
+	git -c 'core.abbrev=12' checkout HEAD^ >actual 2>&1 &&
+	check_detached &&
+	test_i18ncmp 2nd_detach actual &&
+
+	GIT_PRINT_SHA1_ELLIPSIS=nein &&
+	git -c 'core.abbrev=12' checkout HEAD^ >actual 2>&1 &&
+	check_detached &&
+	test_i18ncmp 3rd_detach actual &&
+
+	true
+"
+
+# Detached HEAD tests for GIT_PRINT_SHA1_ELLIPSIS (old format)
+test_expect_success 'describe_detached_head does print SHA-1 ellipsis when asked to' "
+
+	commit=$(git rev-parse --short=12 master^) &&
+	commit2=$(git rev-parse --short=12 master~2) &&
+	commit3=$(git rev-parse --short=12 master~3) &&
+
+	# The first detach operation is more chatty than the following ones.
+	cat >1st_detach <<-EOF &&
+	Note: checking out 'HEAD^'.
+
+	You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental
+	changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this
+	state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.
+
+	If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may
+	do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:
+
+	  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>
+
+	HEAD is now at \$commit... three
+	EOF
+
+	# The remaining ones just show info about previous and current HEADs.
+	cat >2nd_detach <<-EOF &&
+	Previous HEAD position was \$commit... three
+	HEAD is now at \$commit2... two
+	EOF
+
+	cat >3rd_detach <<-EOF &&
+	Previous HEAD position was \$commit2... two
+	HEAD is now at \$commit3... one
+	EOF
+
+	reset &&
+	check_not_detached &&
+
+	# Various ways of asking for ellipses...
+	# The user can just use any kind of quoting (including none).
+
+	GIT_PRINT_SHA1_ELLIPSIS=yes git -c 'core.abbrev=12' checkout HEAD^ >actual 2>&1 &&
+	check_detached &&
+	test_i18ncmp 1st_detach actual &&
+
+	GIT_PRINT_SHA1_ELLIPSIS=Yes git -c 'core.abbrev=12' checkout HEAD^ >actual 2>&1 &&
+	check_detached &&
+	test_i18ncmp 2nd_detach actual &&
+
+	GIT_PRINT_SHA1_ELLIPSIS=YES git -c 'core.abbrev=12' checkout HEAD^ >actual 2>&1 &&
+	check_detached &&
+	test_i18ncmp 3rd_detach actual &&
+
+	true
+"
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2022-checkout-paths.sh b/t/t2022-checkout-paths.sh
index f46d0499bc..fc3eb43b89 100755
--- a/t/t2022-checkout-paths.sh
+++ b/t/t2022-checkout-paths.sh
@@ -68,13 +68,13 @@ test_expect_success 'do not touch files that are already up-to-date' '
 	git add file1 file2 &&
 	git commit -m base &&
 	echo modified >file1 &&
-	test-chmtime =1000000000 file2 &&
+	test-tool chmtime =1000000000 file2 &&
 	git update-index -q --refresh &&
 	git checkout HEAD -- file1 file2 &&
 	echo one >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect file1 &&
-	echo "1000000000	file2" >expect &&
-	test-chmtime -v +0 file2 >actual &&
+	echo "1000000000" >expect &&
+	test-tool chmtime --get file2 >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t2024-checkout-dwim.sh b/t/t2024-checkout-dwim.sh
index 468a000e4b..69b6774d10 100755
--- a/t/t2024-checkout-dwim.sh
+++ b/t/t2024-checkout-dwim.sh
@@ -23,6 +23,11 @@ test_branch_upstream () {
 	test_cmp expect.upstream actual.upstream
 }
 
+status_uno_is_clean () {
+	git status -uno --porcelain >status.actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty status.actual
+}
+
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	test_commit my_master &&
 	git init repo_a &&
@@ -55,6 +60,7 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout of non-existing branch fails' '
 	test_might_fail git branch -D xyzzy &&
 
 	test_must_fail git checkout xyzzy &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/xyzzy &&
 	test_branch master
 '
@@ -64,15 +70,52 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout of branch from multiple remotes fails #1' '
 	test_might_fail git branch -D foo &&
 
 	test_must_fail git checkout foo &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/foo &&
 	test_branch master
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'checkout of branch from multiple remotes fails with advice' '
+	git checkout -B master &&
+	test_might_fail git branch -D foo &&
+	test_must_fail git checkout foo 2>stderr &&
+	test_branch master &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
+	test_i18ngrep "^hint: " stderr &&
+	test_must_fail git -c advice.checkoutAmbiguousRemoteBranchName=false \
+		checkout foo 2>stderr &&
+	test_branch master &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "^hint: " stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'checkout -p with multiple remotes does not print advice' '
+	git checkout -B master &&
+	test_might_fail git branch -D foo &&
+
+	git checkout -p foo 2>stderr &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "^hint: " stderr &&
+	status_uno_is_clean
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout of branch from multiple remotes succeeds with checkout.defaultRemote #1' '
+	git checkout -B master &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
+	test_might_fail git branch -D foo &&
+
+	git -c checkout.defaultRemote=repo_a checkout foo &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
+	test_branch foo &&
+	test_cmp_rev remotes/repo_a/foo HEAD &&
+	test_branch_upstream foo repo_a foo
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'checkout of branch from a single remote succeeds #1' '
 	git checkout -B master &&
 	test_might_fail git branch -D bar &&
 
 	git checkout bar &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	test_branch bar &&
 	test_cmp_rev remotes/repo_a/bar HEAD &&
 	test_branch_upstream bar repo_a bar
@@ -83,6 +126,7 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout of branch from a single remote succeeds #2' '
 	test_might_fail git branch -D baz &&
 
 	git checkout baz &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	test_branch baz &&
 	test_cmp_rev remotes/other_b/baz HEAD &&
 	test_branch_upstream baz repo_b baz
@@ -90,6 +134,7 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout of branch from a single remote succeeds #2' '
 
 test_expect_success '--no-guess suppresses branch auto-vivification' '
 	git checkout -B master &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	test_might_fail git branch -D bar &&
 
 	test_must_fail git checkout --no-guess bar &&
@@ -99,6 +144,7 @@ test_expect_success '--no-guess suppresses branch auto-vivification' '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup more remotes with unconventional refspecs' '
 	git checkout -B master &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	git init repo_c &&
 	(
 		cd repo_c &&
@@ -128,27 +174,33 @@ test_expect_success 'setup more remotes with unconventional refspecs' '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout of branch from multiple remotes fails #2' '
 	git checkout -B master &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	test_might_fail git branch -D bar &&
 
 	test_must_fail git checkout bar &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/bar &&
 	test_branch master
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout of branch from multiple remotes fails #3' '
 	git checkout -B master &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	test_might_fail git branch -D baz &&
 
 	test_must_fail git checkout baz &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/baz &&
 	test_branch master
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout of branch from a single remote succeeds #3' '
 	git checkout -B master &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	test_might_fail git branch -D spam &&
 
 	git checkout spam &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	test_branch spam &&
 	test_cmp_rev refs/remotes/extra_dir/repo_c/extra_dir/spam HEAD &&
 	test_branch_upstream spam repo_c spam
@@ -156,9 +208,11 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout of branch from a single remote succeeds #3' '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout of branch from a single remote succeeds #4' '
 	git checkout -B master &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	test_might_fail git branch -D eggs &&
 
 	git checkout eggs &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	test_branch eggs &&
 	test_cmp_rev refs/repo_d/eggs HEAD &&
 	test_branch_upstream eggs repo_d eggs
@@ -166,20 +220,38 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout of branch from a single remote succeeds #4' '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout of branch with a file having the same name fails' '
 	git checkout -B master &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	test_might_fail git branch -D spam &&
 
 	>spam &&
 	test_must_fail git checkout spam &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/spam &&
+	test_branch master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout of branch with a file in subdir having the same name fails' '
+	git checkout -B master &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
+	test_might_fail git branch -D spam &&
+
+	>spam &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	mv spam sub/spam &&
+	test_must_fail git -C sub checkout spam &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/spam &&
 	test_branch master
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout <branch> -- succeeds, even if a file with the same name exists' '
 	git checkout -B master &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	test_might_fail git branch -D spam &&
 
 	>spam &&
 	git checkout spam -- &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	test_branch spam &&
 	test_cmp_rev refs/remotes/extra_dir/repo_c/extra_dir/spam HEAD &&
 	test_branch_upstream spam repo_c spam
@@ -188,6 +260,7 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout <branch> -- succeeds, even if a file with the same
 test_expect_success 'loosely defined local base branch is reported correctly' '
 
 	git checkout master &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	git branch strict &&
 	git branch loose &&
 	git commit --allow-empty -m "a bit more" &&
@@ -198,7 +271,9 @@ test_expect_success 'loosely defined local base branch is reported correctly' '
 	test_config branch.loose.merge master &&
 
 	git checkout strict | sed -e "s/strict/BRANCHNAME/g" >expect &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 	git checkout loose | sed -e "s/loose/BRANCHNAME/g" >actual &&
+	status_uno_is_clean &&
 
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
diff --git a/t/t2025-worktree-add.sh b/t/t2025-worktree-add.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..07d292317c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2025-worktree-add.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,555 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test git worktree add'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-rebase.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit init
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" an existing worktree' '
+	mkdir -p existing/subtree &&
+	test_must_fail git worktree add --detach existing master
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" an existing empty worktree' '
+	mkdir existing_empty &&
+	git worktree add --detach existing_empty master
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" using shorthand - fails when no previous branch' '
+	test_must_fail git worktree add existing_short -
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" using - shorthand' '
+	git checkout -b newbranch &&
+	echo hello >myworld &&
+	git add myworld &&
+	git commit -m myworld &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git worktree add short-hand - &&
+	echo refs/heads/newbranch >expect &&
+	git -C short-hand rev-parse --symbolic-full-name HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" refuses to checkout locked branch' '
+	test_must_fail git worktree add zere master &&
+	! test -d zere &&
+	! test -d .git/worktrees/zere
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checking out paths not complaining about linked checkouts' '
+	(
+	cd existing_empty &&
+	echo dirty >>init.t &&
+	git checkout master -- init.t
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" worktree' '
+	git rev-parse HEAD >expect &&
+	git worktree add --detach here master &&
+	(
+		cd here &&
+		test_cmp ../init.t init.t &&
+		test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD &&
+		git rev-parse HEAD >actual &&
+		test_cmp ../expect actual &&
+		git fsck
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" worktree with lock' '
+	git rev-parse HEAD >expect &&
+	git worktree add --detach --lock here-with-lock master &&
+	test -f .git/worktrees/here-with-lock/locked
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" worktree from a subdir' '
+	(
+		mkdir sub &&
+		cd sub &&
+		git worktree add --detach here master &&
+		cd here &&
+		test_cmp ../../init.t init.t
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" from a linked checkout' '
+	(
+		cd here &&
+		git worktree add --detach nested-here master &&
+		cd nested-here &&
+		git fsck
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" worktree creating new branch' '
+	git worktree add -b newmaster there master &&
+	(
+		cd there &&
+		test_cmp ../init.t init.t &&
+		git symbolic-ref HEAD >actual &&
+		echo refs/heads/newmaster >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		git fsck
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'die the same branch is already checked out' '
+	(
+		cd here &&
+		test_must_fail git checkout newmaster
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'die the same branch is already checked out (symlink)' '
+	head=$(git -C there rev-parse --git-path HEAD) &&
+	ref=$(git -C there symbolic-ref HEAD) &&
+	rm "$head" &&
+	ln -s "$ref" "$head" &&
+	test_must_fail git -C here checkout newmaster
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'not die the same branch is already checked out' '
+	(
+		cd here &&
+		git worktree add --force anothernewmaster newmaster
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'not die on re-checking out current branch' '
+	(
+		cd there &&
+		git checkout newmaster
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" from a bare repo' '
+	(
+		git clone --bare . bare &&
+		cd bare &&
+		git worktree add -b bare-master ../there2 master
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout from a bare repo without "add"' '
+	(
+		cd bare &&
+		test_must_fail git checkout master
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" default branch of a bare repo' '
+	(
+		git clone --bare . bare2 &&
+		cd bare2 &&
+		git worktree add ../there3 master
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout with grafts' '
+	test_when_finished rm .git/info/grafts &&
+	test_commit abc &&
+	SHA1=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_commit def &&
+	test_commit xyz &&
+	echo "$(git rev-parse HEAD) $SHA1" >.git/info/grafts &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	xyz
+	abc
+	EOF
+	git log --format=%s -2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	git worktree add --detach grafted master &&
+	git --git-dir=grafted/.git log --format=%s -2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" from relative HEAD' '
+	test_commit a &&
+	test_commit b &&
+	test_commit c &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD~1 >expected &&
+	git worktree add relhead HEAD~1 &&
+	git -C relhead rev-parse HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add -b" with <branch> omitted' '
+	git worktree add -b burble flornk &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD burble
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add --detach" with <branch> omitted' '
+	git worktree add --detach fishhook &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD >expected &&
+	git -C fishhook rev-parse HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	test_must_fail git -C fishhook symbolic-ref HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" with <branch> omitted' '
+	git worktree add wiffle/bat &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD bat
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" checks out existing branch of dwimd name' '
+	git branch dwim HEAD~1 &&
+	git worktree add dwim &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD~1 dwim &&
+	(
+		cd dwim &&
+		test_cmp_rev HEAD dwim
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add <path>" dwim fails with checked out branch' '
+	git checkout -b test-branch &&
+	test_must_fail git worktree add test-branch &&
+	test_path_is_missing test-branch
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add --force" with existing dwimd name doesnt die' '
+	git checkout test-branch &&
+	git worktree add --force test-branch
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" no auto-vivify with --detach and <branch> omitted' '
+	git worktree add --detach mish/mash &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse mash -- &&
+	test_must_fail git -C mish/mash symbolic-ref HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" -b/-B mutually exclusive' '
+	test_must_fail git worktree add -b poodle -B poodle bamboo master
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" -b/--detach mutually exclusive' '
+	test_must_fail git worktree add -b poodle --detach bamboo master
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" -B/--detach mutually exclusive' '
+	test_must_fail git worktree add -B poodle --detach bamboo master
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add -B" fails if the branch is checked out' '
+	git rev-parse newmaster >before &&
+	test_must_fail git worktree add -B newmaster bamboo master &&
+	git rev-parse newmaster >after &&
+	test_cmp before after
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add -B' '
+	git worktree add -B poodle bamboo2 master^ &&
+	git -C bamboo2 symbolic-ref HEAD >actual &&
+	echo refs/heads/poodle >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	test_cmp_rev master^ poodle
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add --quiet' '
+	git worktree add --quiet another-worktree master 2>actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'local clone from linked checkout' '
+	git clone --local here here-clone &&
+	( cd here-clone && git fsck )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'local clone --shared from linked checkout' '
+	git -C bare worktree add --detach ../baretree &&
+	git clone --local --shared baretree bare-clone &&
+	grep /bare/ bare-clone/.git/objects/info/alternates
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" worktree with --no-checkout' '
+	git worktree add --no-checkout -b swamp swamp &&
+	! test -e swamp/init.t &&
+	git -C swamp reset --hard &&
+	test_cmp init.t swamp/init.t
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" worktree with --checkout' '
+	git worktree add --checkout -b swmap2 swamp2 &&
+	test_cmp init.t swamp2/init.t
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'put a worktree under rebase' '
+	git worktree add under-rebase &&
+	(
+		cd under-rebase &&
+		set_fake_editor &&
+		FAKE_LINES="edit 1" git rebase -i HEAD^ &&
+		git worktree list | grep "under-rebase.*detached HEAD"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add a worktree, checking out a rebased branch' '
+	test_must_fail git worktree add new-rebase under-rebase &&
+	! test -d new-rebase
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checking out a rebased branch from another worktree' '
+	git worktree add new-place &&
+	test_must_fail git -C new-place checkout under-rebase
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'not allow to delete a branch under rebase' '
+	(
+		cd under-rebase &&
+		test_must_fail git branch -D under-rebase
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rename a branch under rebase not allowed' '
+	test_must_fail git branch -M under-rebase rebase-with-new-name
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check out from current worktree branch ok' '
+	(
+		cd under-rebase &&
+		git checkout under-rebase &&
+		git checkout - &&
+		git rebase --abort
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout a branch under bisect' '
+	git worktree add under-bisect &&
+	(
+		cd under-bisect &&
+		git bisect start &&
+		git bisect bad &&
+		git bisect good HEAD~2 &&
+		git worktree list | grep "under-bisect.*detached HEAD" &&
+		test_must_fail git worktree add new-bisect under-bisect &&
+		! test -d new-bisect
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rename a branch under bisect not allowed' '
+	test_must_fail git branch -M under-bisect bisect-with-new-name
+'
+# Is branch "refs/heads/$1" set to pull from "$2/$3"?
+test_branch_upstream () {
+	printf "%s\n" "$2" "refs/heads/$3" >expect.upstream &&
+	{
+		git config "branch.$1.remote" &&
+		git config "branch.$1.merge"
+	} >actual.upstream &&
+	test_cmp expect.upstream actual.upstream
+}
+
+test_expect_success '--track sets up tracking' '
+	test_when_finished rm -rf track &&
+	git worktree add --track -b track track master &&
+	test_branch_upstream track . master
+'
+
+# setup remote repository $1 and repository $2 with $1 set up as
+# remote.  The remote has two branches, master and foo.
+setup_remote_repo () {
+	git init $1 &&
+	(
+		cd $1 &&
+		test_commit $1_master &&
+		git checkout -b foo &&
+		test_commit upstream_foo
+	) &&
+	git init $2 &&
+	(
+		cd $2 &&
+		test_commit $2_master &&
+		git remote add $1 ../$1 &&
+		git config remote.$1.fetch \
+			"refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/$1/*" &&
+		git fetch --all
+	)
+}
+
+test_expect_success '--no-track avoids setting up tracking' '
+	test_when_finished rm -rf repo_upstream repo_local foo &&
+	setup_remote_repo repo_upstream repo_local &&
+	(
+		cd repo_local &&
+		git worktree add --no-track -b foo ../foo repo_upstream/foo
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		test_must_fail git config "branch.foo.remote" &&
+		test_must_fail git config "branch.foo.merge" &&
+		test_cmp_rev refs/remotes/repo_upstream/foo refs/heads/foo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" <path> <non-existent-branch> fails' '
+	test_must_fail git worktree add foo non-existent
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" <path> <branch> dwims' '
+	test_when_finished rm -rf repo_upstream repo_dwim foo &&
+	setup_remote_repo repo_upstream repo_dwim &&
+	git init repo_dwim &&
+	(
+		cd repo_dwim &&
+		git worktree add ../foo foo
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		test_branch_upstream foo repo_upstream foo &&
+		test_cmp_rev refs/remotes/repo_upstream/foo refs/heads/foo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" <path> <branch> dwims with checkout.defaultRemote' '
+	test_when_finished rm -rf repo_upstream repo_dwim foo &&
+	setup_remote_repo repo_upstream repo_dwim &&
+	git init repo_dwim &&
+	(
+		cd repo_dwim &&
+		git remote add repo_upstream2 ../repo_upstream &&
+		git fetch repo_upstream2 &&
+		test_must_fail git worktree add ../foo foo &&
+		git -c checkout.defaultRemote=repo_upstream worktree add ../foo foo &&
+		git status -uno --porcelain >status.actual &&
+		test_must_be_empty status.actual
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		test_branch_upstream foo repo_upstream foo &&
+		test_cmp_rev refs/remotes/repo_upstream/foo refs/heads/foo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git worktree add does not match remote' '
+	test_when_finished rm -rf repo_a repo_b foo &&
+	setup_remote_repo repo_a repo_b &&
+	(
+		cd repo_b &&
+		git worktree add ../foo
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		test_must_fail git config "branch.foo.remote" &&
+		test_must_fail git config "branch.foo.merge" &&
+		! test_cmp_rev refs/remotes/repo_a/foo refs/heads/foo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git worktree add --guess-remote sets up tracking' '
+	test_when_finished rm -rf repo_a repo_b foo &&
+	setup_remote_repo repo_a repo_b &&
+	(
+		cd repo_b &&
+		git worktree add --guess-remote ../foo
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		test_branch_upstream foo repo_a foo &&
+		test_cmp_rev refs/remotes/repo_a/foo refs/heads/foo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git worktree add with worktree.guessRemote sets up tracking' '
+	test_when_finished rm -rf repo_a repo_b foo &&
+	setup_remote_repo repo_a repo_b &&
+	(
+		cd repo_b &&
+		git config worktree.guessRemote true &&
+		git worktree add ../foo
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		test_branch_upstream foo repo_a foo &&
+		test_cmp_rev refs/remotes/repo_a/foo refs/heads/foo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git worktree --no-guess-remote option overrides config' '
+	test_when_finished rm -rf repo_a repo_b foo &&
+	setup_remote_repo repo_a repo_b &&
+	(
+		cd repo_b &&
+		git config worktree.guessRemote true &&
+		git worktree add --no-guess-remote ../foo
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		test_must_fail git config "branch.foo.remote" &&
+		test_must_fail git config "branch.foo.merge" &&
+		! test_cmp_rev refs/remotes/repo_a/foo refs/heads/foo
+	)
+'
+
+post_checkout_hook () {
+	gitdir=${1:-.git}
+	test_when_finished "rm -f $gitdir/hooks/post-checkout" &&
+	mkdir -p $gitdir/hooks &&
+	write_script $gitdir/hooks/post-checkout <<-\EOF
+	{
+		echo $*
+		git rev-parse --git-dir --show-toplevel
+	} >hook.actual
+	EOF
+}
+
+test_expect_success '"add" invokes post-checkout hook (branch)' '
+	post_checkout_hook &&
+	{
+		echo $ZERO_OID $(git rev-parse HEAD) 1 &&
+		echo $(pwd)/.git/worktrees/gumby &&
+		echo $(pwd)/gumby
+	} >hook.expect &&
+	git worktree add gumby &&
+	test_cmp hook.expect gumby/hook.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" invokes post-checkout hook (detached)' '
+	post_checkout_hook &&
+	{
+		echo $ZERO_OID $(git rev-parse HEAD) 1 &&
+		echo $(pwd)/.git/worktrees/grumpy &&
+		echo $(pwd)/grumpy
+	} >hook.expect &&
+	git worktree add --detach grumpy &&
+	test_cmp hook.expect grumpy/hook.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add --no-checkout" suppresses post-checkout hook' '
+	post_checkout_hook &&
+	rm -f hook.actual &&
+	git worktree add --no-checkout gloopy &&
+	test_path_is_missing gloopy/hook.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" in other worktree invokes post-checkout hook' '
+	post_checkout_hook &&
+	{
+		echo $ZERO_OID $(git rev-parse HEAD) 1 &&
+		echo $(pwd)/.git/worktrees/guppy &&
+		echo $(pwd)/guppy
+	} >hook.expect &&
+	git -C gloopy worktree add --detach ../guppy &&
+	test_cmp hook.expect guppy/hook.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"add" in bare repo invokes post-checkout hook' '
+	rm -rf bare &&
+	git clone --bare . bare &&
+	{
+		echo $ZERO_OID $(git --git-dir=bare rev-parse HEAD) 1 &&
+		echo $(pwd)/bare/worktrees/goozy &&
+		echo $(pwd)/goozy
+	} >hook.expect &&
+	post_checkout_hook bare &&
+	git -C bare worktree add --detach ../goozy &&
+	test_cmp hook.expect goozy/hook.actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2026-worktree-prune.sh b/t/t2026-worktree-prune.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b7d6d5d45a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2026-worktree-prune.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='prune $GIT_DIR/worktrees'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success initialize '
+	git commit --allow-empty -m init
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'worktree prune on normal repo' '
+	git worktree prune &&
+	test_must_fail git worktree prune abc
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prune files inside $GIT_DIR/worktrees' '
+	mkdir .git/worktrees &&
+	: >.git/worktrees/abc &&
+	git worktree prune --verbose >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<EOF &&
+Removing worktrees/abc: not a valid directory
+EOF
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual &&
+	! test -f .git/worktrees/abc &&
+	! test -d .git/worktrees
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prune directories without gitdir' '
+	mkdir -p .git/worktrees/def/abc &&
+	: >.git/worktrees/def/def &&
+	cat >expect <<EOF &&
+Removing worktrees/def: gitdir file does not exist
+EOF
+	git worktree prune --verbose >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual &&
+	! test -d .git/worktrees/def &&
+	! test -d .git/worktrees
+'
+
+test_expect_success SANITY 'prune directories with unreadable gitdir' '
+	mkdir -p .git/worktrees/def/abc &&
+	: >.git/worktrees/def/def &&
+	: >.git/worktrees/def/gitdir &&
+	chmod u-r .git/worktrees/def/gitdir &&
+	git worktree prune --verbose >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Removing worktrees/def: unable to read gitdir file" actual &&
+	! test -d .git/worktrees/def &&
+	! test -d .git/worktrees
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prune directories with invalid gitdir' '
+	mkdir -p .git/worktrees/def/abc &&
+	: >.git/worktrees/def/def &&
+	: >.git/worktrees/def/gitdir &&
+	git worktree prune --verbose >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Removing worktrees/def: invalid gitdir file" actual &&
+	! test -d .git/worktrees/def &&
+	! test -d .git/worktrees
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prune directories with gitdir pointing to nowhere' '
+	mkdir -p .git/worktrees/def/abc &&
+	: >.git/worktrees/def/def &&
+	echo "$(pwd)"/nowhere >.git/worktrees/def/gitdir &&
+	git worktree prune --verbose >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Removing worktrees/def: gitdir file points to non-existent location" actual &&
+	! test -d .git/worktrees/def &&
+	! test -d .git/worktrees
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'not prune locked checkout' '
+	test_when_finished rm -r .git/worktrees &&
+	mkdir -p .git/worktrees/ghi &&
+	: >.git/worktrees/ghi/locked &&
+	git worktree prune &&
+	test -d .git/worktrees/ghi
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'not prune recent checkouts' '
+	test_when_finished rm -r .git/worktrees &&
+	git worktree add jlm HEAD &&
+	test -d .git/worktrees/jlm &&
+	rm -rf jlm &&
+	git worktree prune --verbose --expire=2.days.ago &&
+	test -d .git/worktrees/jlm
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'not prune proper checkouts' '
+	test_when_finished rm -r .git/worktrees &&
+	git worktree add --detach "$PWD/nop" master &&
+	git worktree prune &&
+	test -d .git/worktrees/nop
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2027-worktree-list.sh b/t/t2027-worktree-list.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..bb6fb9b12c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2027-worktree-list.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test git worktree list'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit init
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse --git-common-dir on main worktree' '
+	git rev-parse --git-common-dir >actual &&
+	echo .git >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	git -C sub rev-parse --git-common-dir >actual2 &&
+	echo ../.git >expected2 &&
+	test_cmp expected2 actual2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse --git-path objects linked worktree' '
+	echo "$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)/.git/objects" >expect &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf linked-tree actual expect && git worktree prune" &&
+	git worktree add --detach linked-tree master &&
+	git -C linked-tree rev-parse --git-path objects >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"list" all worktrees from main' '
+	echo "$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel) $(git rev-parse --short HEAD) [$(git symbolic-ref --short HEAD)]" >expect &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf here out actual expect && git worktree prune" &&
+	git worktree add --detach here master &&
+	echo "$(git -C here rev-parse --show-toplevel) $(git rev-parse --short HEAD) (detached HEAD)" >>expect &&
+	git worktree list >out &&
+	sed "s/  */ /g" <out >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"list" all worktrees from linked' '
+	echo "$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel) $(git rev-parse --short HEAD) [$(git symbolic-ref --short HEAD)]" >expect &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf here out actual expect && git worktree prune" &&
+	git worktree add --detach here master &&
+	echo "$(git -C here rev-parse --show-toplevel) $(git rev-parse --short HEAD) (detached HEAD)" >>expect &&
+	git -C here worktree list >out &&
+	sed "s/  */ /g" <out >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"list" all worktrees --porcelain' '
+	echo "worktree $(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)" >expect &&
+	echo "HEAD $(git rev-parse HEAD)" >>expect &&
+	echo "branch $(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" >>expect &&
+	echo >>expect &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf here actual expect && git worktree prune" &&
+	git worktree add --detach here master &&
+	echo "worktree $(git -C here rev-parse --show-toplevel)" >>expect &&
+	echo "HEAD $(git rev-parse HEAD)" >>expect &&
+	echo "detached" >>expect &&
+	echo >>expect &&
+	git worktree list --porcelain >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bare repo setup' '
+	git init --bare bare1 &&
+	echo "data" >file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	git commit -m"File1: add data" &&
+	git push bare1 master &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"list" all worktrees from bare main' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf there out actual expect && git -C bare1 worktree prune" &&
+	git -C bare1 worktree add --detach ../there master &&
+	echo "$(pwd)/bare1 (bare)" >expect &&
+	echo "$(git -C there rev-parse --show-toplevel) $(git -C there rev-parse --short HEAD) (detached HEAD)" >>expect &&
+	git -C bare1 worktree list >out &&
+	sed "s/  */ /g" <out >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"list" all worktrees --porcelain from bare main' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf there actual expect && git -C bare1 worktree prune" &&
+	git -C bare1 worktree add --detach ../there master &&
+	echo "worktree $(pwd)/bare1" >expect &&
+	echo "bare" >>expect &&
+	echo >>expect &&
+	echo "worktree $(git -C there rev-parse --show-toplevel)" >>expect &&
+	echo "HEAD $(git -C there rev-parse HEAD)" >>expect &&
+	echo "detached" >>expect &&
+	echo >>expect &&
+	git -C bare1 worktree list --porcelain >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"list" all worktrees from linked with a bare main' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf there out actual expect && git -C bare1 worktree prune" &&
+	git -C bare1 worktree add --detach ../there master &&
+	echo "$(pwd)/bare1 (bare)" >expect &&
+	echo "$(git -C there rev-parse --show-toplevel) $(git -C there rev-parse --short HEAD) (detached HEAD)" >>expect &&
+	git -C there worktree list >out &&
+	sed "s/  */ /g" <out >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bare repo cleanup' '
+	rm -rf bare1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'broken main worktree still at the top' '
+	git init broken-main &&
+	(
+		cd broken-main &&
+		test_commit new &&
+		git worktree add linked &&
+		cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+		worktree $(pwd)
+		HEAD $ZERO_OID
+
+		EOF
+		cd linked &&
+		echo "worktree $(pwd)" >expected &&
+		echo "ref: .broken" >../.git/HEAD &&
+		git worktree list --porcelain >out &&
+		head -n 3 out >actual &&
+		test_cmp ../expected actual &&
+		git worktree list >out &&
+		head -n 1 out >actual.2 &&
+		grep -F "(error)" actual.2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'linked worktrees are sorted' '
+	mkdir sorted &&
+	git init sorted/main &&
+	(
+		cd sorted/main &&
+		test_tick &&
+		test_commit new &&
+		git worktree add ../first &&
+		git worktree add ../second &&
+		git worktree list --porcelain >out &&
+		grep ^worktree out >actual
+	) &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	worktree $(pwd)/sorted/main
+	worktree $(pwd)/sorted/first
+	worktree $(pwd)/sorted/second
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected sorted/main/actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2028-worktree-move.sh b/t/t2028-worktree-move.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5f7d45b7b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2028-worktree-move.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test git worktree move, remove, lock and unlock'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit init &&
+	git worktree add source &&
+	git worktree list --porcelain >out &&
+	grep "^worktree" out >actual &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expected &&
+	worktree $(pwd)
+	worktree $(pwd)/source
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'lock main worktree' '
+	test_must_fail git worktree lock .
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'lock linked worktree' '
+	git worktree lock --reason hahaha source &&
+	echo hahaha >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected .git/worktrees/source/locked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'lock linked worktree from another worktree' '
+	rm .git/worktrees/source/locked &&
+	git worktree add elsewhere &&
+	git -C elsewhere worktree lock --reason hahaha ../source &&
+	echo hahaha >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected .git/worktrees/source/locked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'lock worktree twice' '
+	test_must_fail git worktree lock source &&
+	echo hahaha >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected .git/worktrees/source/locked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'lock worktree twice (from the locked worktree)' '
+	test_must_fail git -C source worktree lock . &&
+	echo hahaha >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected .git/worktrees/source/locked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unlock main worktree' '
+	test_must_fail git worktree unlock .
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unlock linked worktree' '
+	git worktree unlock source &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/worktrees/source/locked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unlock worktree twice' '
+	test_must_fail git worktree unlock source &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/worktrees/source/locked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'move non-worktree' '
+	mkdir abc &&
+	test_must_fail git worktree move abc def
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'move locked worktree' '
+	git worktree lock source &&
+	test_when_finished "git worktree unlock source" &&
+	test_must_fail git worktree move source destination
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'move worktree' '
+	git worktree move source destination &&
+	test_path_is_missing source &&
+	git worktree list --porcelain >out &&
+	grep "^worktree.*/destination$" out &&
+	! grep "^worktree.*/source$" out &&
+	git -C destination log --format=%s >actual2 &&
+	echo init >expected2 &&
+	test_cmp expected2 actual2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'move main worktree' '
+	test_must_fail git worktree move . def
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'move worktree to another dir' '
+	mkdir some-dir &&
+	git worktree move destination some-dir &&
+	test_when_finished "git worktree move some-dir/destination destination" &&
+	test_path_is_missing destination &&
+	git worktree list --porcelain >out &&
+	grep "^worktree.*/some-dir/destination$" out &&
+	git -C some-dir/destination log --format=%s >actual2 &&
+	echo init >expected2 &&
+	test_cmp expected2 actual2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove main worktree' '
+	test_must_fail git worktree remove .
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove locked worktree' '
+	git worktree lock destination &&
+	test_when_finished "git worktree unlock destination" &&
+	test_must_fail git worktree remove destination
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove worktree with dirty tracked file' '
+	echo dirty >>destination/init.t &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C destination checkout init.t" &&
+	test_must_fail git worktree remove destination
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove worktree with untracked file' '
+	: >destination/untracked &&
+	test_must_fail git worktree remove destination
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'force remove worktree with untracked file' '
+	git worktree remove --force destination &&
+	test_path_is_missing destination
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove missing worktree' '
+	git worktree add to-be-gone &&
+	test -d .git/worktrees/to-be-gone &&
+	mv to-be-gone gone &&
+	git worktree remove to-be-gone &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/worktrees/to-be-gone
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'NOT remove missing-but-locked worktree' '
+	git worktree add gone-but-locked &&
+	git worktree lock gone-but-locked &&
+	test -d .git/worktrees/gone-but-locked &&
+	mv gone-but-locked really-gone-now &&
+	test_must_fail git worktree remove gone-but-locked &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/worktrees/gone-but-locked
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2101-update-index-reupdate.sh b/t/t2101-update-index-reupdate.sh
index c8bce8c2e4..685ec45639 100755
--- a/t/t2101-update-index-reupdate.sh
+++ b/t/t2101-update-index-reupdate.sh
@@ -8,19 +8,20 @@ test_description='git update-index --again test.
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-cat > expected <<\EOF
-100644 3b18e512dba79e4c8300dd08aeb37f8e728b8dad 0	file1
-100644 9db8893856a8a02eaa73470054b7c1c5a7c82e47 0	file2
-EOF
-test_expect_success 'update-index --add' \
-	'echo hello world >file1 &&
-	 echo goodbye people >file2 &&
-	 git update-index --add file1 file2 &&
-	 git ls-files -s >current &&
-	 cmp current expected'
+test_expect_success 'update-index --add' '
+	echo hello world >file1 &&
+	echo goodbye people >file2 &&
+	git update-index --add file1 file2 &&
+	git ls-files -s >current &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	100644 $(git hash-object file1) 0	file1
+	100644 $(git hash-object file2) 0	file2
+	EOF
+	cmp current expected
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'update-index --again' \
-	'rm -f file1 &&
+test_expect_success 'update-index --again' '
+	rm -f file1 &&
 	echo hello everybody >file2 &&
 	if git update-index --again
 	then
@@ -29,25 +30,23 @@ test_expect_success 'update-index --again' \
 	else
 		echo happy - failed as expected
 	fi &&
-	 git ls-files -s >current &&
-	 cmp current expected'
+	git ls-files -s >current &&
+	cmp current expected
+'
 
-cat > expected <<\EOF
-100644 0f1ae1422c2bf43f117d3dbd715c988a9ed2103f 0	file2
-EOF
-test_expect_success 'update-index --remove --again' \
-	'git update-index --remove --again &&
-	 git ls-files -s >current &&
-	 cmp current expected'
+test_expect_success 'update-index --remove --again' '
+	git update-index --remove --again &&
+	git ls-files -s >current &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	100644 $(git hash-object file2) 0	file2
+	EOF
+	cmp current expected
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'first commit' 'git commit -m initial'
 
-cat > expected <<\EOF
-100644 53ab446c3f4e42ce9bb728a0ccb283a101be4979 0	dir1/file3
-100644 0f1ae1422c2bf43f117d3dbd715c988a9ed2103f 0	file2
-EOF
-test_expect_success 'update-index again' \
-	'mkdir -p dir1 &&
+test_expect_success 'update-index again' '
+	mkdir -p dir1 &&
 	echo hello world >dir1/file3 &&
 	echo goodbye people >file2 &&
 	git update-index --add file2 dir1/file3 &&
@@ -55,30 +54,38 @@ test_expect_success 'update-index again' \
 	echo happy >dir1/file3 &&
 	git update-index --again &&
 	git ls-files -s >current &&
-	cmp current expected'
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	100644 $(git hash-object dir1/file3) 0	dir1/file3
+	100644 $(git hash-object file2) 0	file2
+	EOF
+	cmp current expected
+'
 
-cat > expected <<\EOF
-100644 d7fb3f695f06c759dbf3ab00046e7cc2da22d10f 0	dir1/file3
-100644 0f1ae1422c2bf43f117d3dbd715c988a9ed2103f 0	file2
-EOF
-test_expect_success 'update-index --update from subdir' \
-	'echo not so happy >file2 &&
+file2=$(git hash-object file2)
+test_expect_success 'update-index --update from subdir' '
+	echo not so happy >file2 &&
 	(cd dir1 &&
 	cat ../file2 >file3 &&
 	git update-index --again
 	) &&
 	git ls-files -s >current &&
-	cmp current expected'
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	100644 $(git hash-object dir1/file3) 0	dir1/file3
+	100644 $file2 0	file2
+	EOF
+	test_cmp current expected
+'
 
-cat > expected <<\EOF
-100644 594fb5bb1759d90998e2bf2a38261ae8e243c760 0	dir1/file3
-100644 0f1ae1422c2bf43f117d3dbd715c988a9ed2103f 0	file2
-EOF
-test_expect_success 'update-index --update with pathspec' \
-	'echo very happy >file2 &&
+test_expect_success 'update-index --update with pathspec' '
+	echo very happy >file2 &&
 	cat file2 >dir1/file3 &&
 	git update-index --again dir1/ &&
 	git ls-files -s >current &&
-	cmp current expected'
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	100644 $(git hash-object dir1/file3) 0	dir1/file3
+	100644 $file2 0	file2
+	EOF
+	cmp current expected
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2102-update-index-symlinks.sh b/t/t2102-update-index-symlinks.sh
index 4d0d0a3515..22f2c730ae 100755
--- a/t/t2102-update-index-symlinks.sh
+++ b/t/t2102-update-index-symlinks.sh
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ git update-index symlink'
 
 test_expect_success \
 'the index entry must still be a symbolic link' '
-case "`git ls-files --stage --cached symlink`" in
+case "$(git ls-files --stage --cached symlink)" in
 120000" "*symlink) echo pass;;
 *) echo fail; git ls-files --stage --cached symlink; (exit 1);;
 esac'
diff --git a/t/t2103-update-index-ignore-missing.sh b/t/t2103-update-index-ignore-missing.sh
index 332694e7d3..0114f05228 100755
--- a/t/t2103-update-index-ignore-missing.sh
+++ b/t/t2103-update-index-ignore-missing.sh
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ test_expect_success basics '
 		test_create_repo xyzzy &&
 		cd xyzzy &&
 		>file &&
-		git add file
+		git add file &&
 		git commit -m "sub initial"
 	) &&
 	git add xyzzy &&
diff --git a/t/t2104-update-index-skip-worktree.sh b/t/t2104-update-index-skip-worktree.sh
index cc830da58d..7e2e7dd4ae 100755
--- a/t/t2104-update-index-skip-worktree.sh
+++ b/t/t2104-update-index-skip-worktree.sh
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'index is at version 2' '
-	test "$(test-index-version < .git/index)" = 2
+	test "$(test-tool index-version < .git/index)" = 2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'update-index --skip-worktree' '
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ test_expect_success 'update-index --skip-worktree' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'index is at version 3 after having some skip-worktree entries' '
-	test "$(test-index-version < .git/index)" = 3
+	test "$(test-tool index-version < .git/index)" = 3
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ls-files -t' '
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ test_expect_success 'update-index --no-skip-worktree' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'index version is back to 2 when there is no skip-worktree entry' '
-	test "$(test-index-version < .git/index)" = 2
+	test "$(test-tool index-version < .git/index)" = 2
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2107-update-index-basic.sh b/t/t2107-update-index-basic.sh
index dfe02f4818..2242cd098e 100755
--- a/t/t2107-update-index-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t2107-update-index-basic.sh
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ test_expect_success '--cacheinfo does not accept blob null sha1' '
 	echo content >file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git rev-parse :file >expect &&
-	test_must_fail git update-index --cacheinfo 100644 $_z40 file &&
+	test_must_fail git update-index --cacheinfo 100644 $ZERO_OID file &&
 	git rev-parse :file >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ test_expect_success '--cacheinfo does not accept gitlink null sha1' '
 	(cd submodule && test_commit foo) &&
 	git add submodule &&
 	git rev-parse :submodule >expect &&
-	test_must_fail git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 $_z40 submodule &&
+	test_must_fail git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 $ZERO_OID submodule &&
 	git rev-parse :submodule >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
@@ -80,4 +80,17 @@ test_expect_success '.lock files cleaned up' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--chmod=+x and chmod=-x in the same argument list' '
+	>A &&
+	>B &&
+	git add A B &&
+	git update-index --chmod=+x A --chmod=-x B &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	100755 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	A
+	100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	B
+	EOF
+	git ls-files --stage A B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2200-add-update.sh b/t/t2200-add-update.sh
index e16b15d3e5..f764b7e3f5 100755
--- a/t/t2200-add-update.sh
+++ b/t/t2200-add-update.sh
@@ -84,11 +84,12 @@ test_expect_success 'non-qualified update in subdir updates from the root' '
 	(
 		cd dir1 &&
 		echo even more >>sub2 &&
+		git --literal-pathspecs add -u &&
+		echo even more >>sub2 &&
 		git add -u
 	) &&
-	: >expect &&
 	git diff-files --name-only >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'replace a file with a symlink' '
diff --git a/t/t2201-add-update-typechange.sh b/t/t2201-add-update-typechange.sh
index 954fc51e5b..a4eec0a346 100755
--- a/t/t2201-add-update-typechange.sh
+++ b/t/t2201-add-update-typechange.sh
@@ -75,35 +75,35 @@ test_expect_success modify '
 		git ls-tree -r HEAD |
 		sed -e "s/^/:/" -e "
 			/	caskly/{
-				s/	caskly/ $_z40 D&/
+				s/	caskly/ $ZERO_OID D&/
 				s/blob/000000/
 			}
 			/	nitfol/{
-				s/	nitfol/ $_z40 $T_letter&/
+				s/	nitfol/ $ZERO_OID $T_letter&/
 				s/blob/100644/
 			}
 			/	rezrov.bozbar/{
-				s/	rezrov.bozbar/ $_z40 D&/
+				s/	rezrov.bozbar/ $ZERO_OID D&/
 				s/blob/000000/
 			}
 			/	xyzzy/{
-				s/	xyzzy/ $_z40 D&/
+				s/	xyzzy/ $ZERO_OID D&/
 				s/blob/000000/
 			}
 			/	yomin/{
-			    s/	yomin/ $_z40 T&/
+			    s/	yomin/ $ZERO_OID T&/
 				s/blob/160000/
 			}
 		"
 	} >expect &&
 	{
 		cat expect
-		echo ":100644 160000 $_empty $_z40 T	yonk"
-		echo ":100644 000000 $_empty $_z40 D	zifmia"
+		echo ":100644 160000 $_empty $ZERO_OID T	yonk"
+		echo ":100644 000000 $_empty $ZERO_OID D	zifmia"
 	} >expect-files &&
 	{
 		cat expect
-		echo ":000000 160000 $_z40 $_z40 A	yonk"
+		echo ":000000 160000 $ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID A	yonk"
 	} >expect-index &&
 	{
 		echo "100644 $_empty 0	nitfol"
diff --git a/t/t2202-add-addremove.sh b/t/t2202-add-addremove.sh
index fc8b59e7f7..9ee659098c 100755
--- a/t/t2202-add-addremove.sh
+++ b/t/t2202-add-addremove.sh
@@ -6,14 +6,15 @@ test_description='git add --all'
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 	(
-		echo .gitignore
+		echo .gitignore &&
 		echo will-remove
 	) >expect &&
 	(
-		echo actual
-		echo expect
+		echo actual &&
+		echo expect &&
 		echo ignored
 	) >.gitignore &&
+	git --literal-pathspecs add --all &&
 	>will-remove &&
 	git add --all &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -24,10 +25,10 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 test_expect_success 'git add --all' '
 	(
-		echo .gitignore
-		echo not-ignored
-		echo "M	.gitignore"
-		echo "A	not-ignored"
+		echo .gitignore &&
+		echo not-ignored &&
+		echo "M	.gitignore" &&
+		echo "A	not-ignored" &&
 		echo "D	will-remove"
 	) >expect &&
 	>ignored &&
@@ -47,8 +48,7 @@ test_expect_success 'Just "git add" is a no-op' '
 	>will-not-be-added &&
 	git add &&
 	git diff-index --name-status --cached HEAD >actual &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2203-add-intent.sh b/t/t2203-add-intent.sh
index 2a4a749b4f..68e54d5c44 100755
--- a/t/t2203-add-intent.sh
+++ b/t/t2203-add-intent.sh
@@ -5,10 +5,36 @@ test_description='Intent to add'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'intent to add' '
+	test_commit 1 &&
+	git rm 1.t &&
+	echo hello >1.t &&
 	echo hello >file &&
 	echo hello >elif &&
 	git add -N file &&
-	git add elif
+	git add elif &&
+	git add -N 1.t
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git status' '
+	git status --porcelain | grep -v actual >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	DA 1.t
+	A  elif
+	 A file
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git status with porcelain v2' '
+	git status --porcelain=v2 | grep -v "^?" >actual &&
+	nam1=$(echo 1 | git hash-object --stdin) &&
+	nam2=$(git hash-object elif) &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	1 DA N... 100644 000000 100644 $nam1 $ZERO_OID 1.t
+	1 A. N... 000000 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $nam2 elif
+	1 .A N... 000000 000000 100644 $ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID file
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check result of "add -N"' '
@@ -43,7 +69,8 @@ test_expect_success 'i-t-a entry is simply ignored' '
 	git add -N nitfol &&
 	git commit -m second &&
 	test $(git ls-tree HEAD -- nitfol | wc -l) = 0 &&
-	test $(git diff --name-only HEAD -- nitfol | wc -l) = 1
+	test $(git diff --name-only HEAD -- nitfol | wc -l) = 1 &&
+	test $(git diff --name-only -- nitfol | wc -l) = 1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'can commit with an unrelated i-t-a entry in index' '
@@ -71,16 +98,179 @@ test_expect_success 'cache-tree invalidates i-t-a paths' '
 
 	: >dir/bar &&
 	git add -N dir/bar &&
-	git diff --cached --name-only >actual &&
+	git diff --name-only >actual &&
 	echo dir/bar >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 
 	git write-tree >/dev/null &&
 
-	git diff --cached --name-only >actual &&
+	git diff --name-only >actual &&
 	echo dir/bar >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_done
+test_expect_success 'cache-tree does not ignore dir that has i-t-a entries' '
+	git init ita-in-dir &&
+	(
+		cd ita-in-dir &&
+		mkdir 2 &&
+		for f in 1 2/1 2/2 3
+		do
+			echo "$f" >"$f"
+		done &&
+		git add 1 2/2 3 &&
+		git add -N 2/1 &&
+		git commit -m committed &&
+		git ls-tree -r HEAD >actual &&
+		grep 2/2 actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cache-tree does skip dir that becomes empty' '
+	rm -fr ita-in-dir &&
+	git init ita-in-dir &&
+	(
+		cd ita-in-dir &&
+		mkdir -p 1/2/3 &&
+		echo 4 >1/2/3/4 &&
+		git add -N 1/2/3/4 &&
+		git write-tree >actual &&
+		echo $EMPTY_TREE >expected &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit: ita entries ignored in empty initial commit check' '
+	git init empty-initial-commit &&
+	(
+		cd empty-initial-commit &&
+		: >one &&
+		git add -N one &&
+		test_must_fail git commit -m nothing-new-here
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit: ita entries ignored in empty commit check' '
+	git init empty-subsequent-commit &&
+	(
+		cd empty-subsequent-commit &&
+		test_commit one &&
+		: >two &&
+		git add -N two &&
+		test_must_fail git commit -m nothing-new-here
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rename detection finds the right names' '
+	git init rename-detection &&
+	(
+		cd rename-detection &&
+		echo contents >first &&
+		git add first &&
+		git commit -m first &&
+		mv first third &&
+		git add -N third &&
+
+		git status | grep -v "^?" >actual.1 &&
+		test_i18ngrep "renamed: *first -> third" actual.1 &&
+
+		git status --porcelain | grep -v "^?" >actual.2 &&
+		cat >expected.2 <<-\EOF &&
+		 R first -> third
+		EOF
+		test_cmp expected.2 actual.2 &&
+
+		hash=$(git hash-object third) &&
+		git status --porcelain=v2 | grep -v "^?" >actual.3 &&
+		cat >expected.3 <<-EOF &&
+		2 .R N... 100644 100644 100644 $hash $hash R100 third	first
+		EOF
+		test_cmp expected.3 actual.3 &&
+
+		git diff --stat >actual.4 &&
+		cat >expected.4 <<-EOF &&
+		 first => third | 0
+		 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+		EOF
+		test_cmp expected.4 actual.4 &&
+
+		git diff --cached --stat >actual.5 &&
+		test_must_be_empty actual.5
 
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'double rename detection in status' '
+	git init rename-detection-2 &&
+	(
+		cd rename-detection-2 &&
+		echo contents >first &&
+		git add first &&
+		git commit -m first &&
+		git mv first second &&
+		mv second third &&
+		git add -N third &&
+
+		git status | grep -v "^?" >actual.1 &&
+		test_i18ngrep "renamed: *first -> second" actual.1 &&
+		test_i18ngrep "renamed: *second -> third" actual.1 &&
+
+		git status --porcelain | grep -v "^?" >actual.2 &&
+		cat >expected.2 <<-\EOF &&
+		R  first -> second
+		 R second -> third
+		EOF
+		test_cmp expected.2 actual.2 &&
+
+		hash=$(git hash-object third) &&
+		git status --porcelain=v2 | grep -v "^?" >actual.3 &&
+		cat >expected.3 <<-EOF &&
+		2 R. N... 100644 100644 100644 $hash $hash R100 second	first
+		2 .R N... 100644 100644 100644 $hash $hash R100 third	second
+		EOF
+		test_cmp expected.3 actual.3
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-files/diff-cached shows ita as new/not-new files' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo new >new-ita &&
+	git add -N new-ita &&
+	git diff --summary >actual &&
+	echo " create mode 100644 new-ita" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	git diff --cached --summary >actual2 &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual2
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success '"diff HEAD" includes ita as new files' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo new >new-ita &&
+	git add -N new-ita &&
+	git diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	diff --git a/new-ita b/new-ita
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..3e75765
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/new-ita
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+new
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply --intent-to-add' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo new >new-ita &&
+	git add -N new-ita &&
+	git diff >expected &&
+	grep "new file" expected &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git apply --intent-to-add expected &&
+	git diff >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2204-add-ignored.sh b/t/t2204-add-ignored.sh
index 8340ac2f07..2e07365bbb 100755
--- a/t/t2204-add-ignored.sh
+++ b/t/t2204-add-ignored.sh
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ do
 		rm -f .git/index &&
 		test_must_fail git add "$i" 2>err &&
 		git ls-files "$i" >out &&
-		! test -s out
+		test_must_be_empty out
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success "complaints for ignored $i output" '
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ do
 		rm -f .git/index &&
 		test_must_fail git add "$i" file 2>err &&
 		git ls-files "$i" >out &&
-		! test -s out
+		test_must_be_empty out
 	'
 	test_expect_success "complaints for ignored $i with unignored file output" '
 		test_i18ngrep -e "Use -f if" err
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ do
 			cd dir &&
 			test_must_fail git add "$i" 2>err &&
 			git ls-files "$i" >out &&
-			! test -s out
+			test_must_be_empty out
 		)
 	'
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ do
 			cd sub &&
 			test_must_fail git add "$i" 2>err &&
 			git ls-files "$i" >out &&
-			! test -s out
+			test_must_be_empty out
 		)
 	'
 
diff --git a/t/t2300-cd-to-toplevel.sh b/t/t2300-cd-to-toplevel.sh
index 9965bc5c92..c8de6d8a19 100755
--- a/t/t2300-cd-to-toplevel.sh
+++ b/t/t2300-cd-to-toplevel.sh
@@ -4,11 +4,20 @@ test_description='cd_to_toplevel'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+EXEC_PATH="$(git --exec-path)"
+test_have_prereq !MINGW ||
+case "$EXEC_PATH" in
+[A-Za-z]:/*)
+	EXEC_PATH="/${EXEC_PATH%%:*}${EXEC_PATH#?:}"
+	;;
+esac
+
 test_cd_to_toplevel () {
 	test_expect_success $3 "$2" '
 		(
 			cd '"'$1'"' &&
-			. "$(git --exec-path)"/git-sh-setup &&
+			PATH="$EXEC_PATH:$PATH" &&
+			. git-sh-setup &&
 			cd_to_toplevel &&
 			[ "$(pwd -P)" = "$TOPLEVEL" ]
 		)
diff --git a/t/t3000-ls-files-others.sh b/t/t3000-ls-files-others.sh
index 88be904c09..afd4756134 100755
--- a/t/t3000-ls-files-others.sh
+++ b/t/t3000-ls-files-others.sh
@@ -65,6 +65,13 @@ test_expect_success '--no-empty-directory hides empty directory' '
 	test_cmp expected3 output
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'ls-files --others handles non-submodule .git' '
+	mkdir not-a-submodule &&
+	echo foo >not-a-submodule/.git &&
+	git ls-files -o >output &&
+	test_cmp expected1 output
+'
+
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'ls-files --others with symlinked submodule' '
 	git init super &&
 	git init sub &&
@@ -77,7 +84,7 @@ test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'ls-files --others with symlinked submodule' '
 	) &&
 	(
 		cd super &&
-		"$SHELL_PATH" "$TEST_DIRECTORY/../contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir" ../sub sub
+		"$SHELL_PATH" "$TEST_DIRECTORY/../contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir" ../sub sub &&
 		git ls-files --others --exclude-standard >../actual
 	) &&
 	echo sub/ >expect &&
diff --git a/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh b/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
index 3fc484e8c3..1ec7cb57c7 100755
--- a/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
+++ b/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
@@ -210,8 +210,7 @@ test_expect_success 'subdirectory ignore (toplevel)' '
 		cd top &&
 		git ls-files -o --exclude-standard
 	) >actual &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'subdirectory ignore (l1/l2)' '
@@ -219,8 +218,7 @@ test_expect_success 'subdirectory ignore (l1/l2)' '
 		cd top/l1/l2 &&
 		git ls-files -o --exclude-standard
 	) >actual &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'subdirectory ignore (l1)' '
@@ -228,8 +226,7 @@ test_expect_success 'subdirectory ignore (l1)' '
 		cd top/l1 &&
 		git ls-files -o --exclude-standard
 	) >actual &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'show/hide empty ignored directory (setup)' '
@@ -251,8 +248,7 @@ test_expect_success 'hide empty ignored directory with --no-empty-directory' '
 		cd top &&
 		git ls-files -o -i --exclude l1 --directory --no-empty-directory
 	) >actual &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'show/hide empty ignored sub-directory (setup)' '
@@ -277,14 +273,12 @@ test_expect_success 'hide empty ignored sub-directory with --no-empty-directory'
 		cd top &&
 		git ls-files -o -i --exclude l1 --directory --no-empty-directory
 	) >actual &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pattern matches prefix completely' '
-	: >expect &&
 	git ls-files -i -o --exclude "/three/a.3[abc]" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ls-files with "**" patterns' '
@@ -300,9 +294,8 @@ EOF
 
 
 test_expect_success 'ls-files with "**" patterns and no slashes' '
-	: >expect &&
 	git ls-files -o -i --exclude "one**a.1" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3004-ls-files-basic.sh b/t/t3004-ls-files-basic.sh
index 9c7adbdbe1..9fd5a1f188 100755
--- a/t/t3004-ls-files-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t3004-ls-files-basic.sh
@@ -8,16 +8,14 @@ command-line arguments.
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
->empty
-
 test_expect_success 'ls-files in empty repository' '
 	git ls-files >actual &&
-	test_cmp empty actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ls-files with nonexistent path' '
 	git ls-files doesnotexist >actual &&
-	test_cmp empty actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ls-files with nonsense option' '
diff --git a/t/t3005-ls-files-relative.sh b/t/t3005-ls-files-relative.sh
index 377869432e..209b4c7cd8 100755
--- a/t/t3005-ls-files-relative.sh
+++ b/t/t3005-ls-files-relative.sh
@@ -44,13 +44,13 @@ test_expect_success 'ls-files -c' '
 		cd top/sub &&
 		for f in ../y*
 		do
-			echo "error: pathspec $sq$f$sq did not match any file(s) known to git."
+			echo "error: pathspec $sq$f$sq did not match any file(s) known to git"
 		done >expect.err &&
 		echo "Did you forget to ${sq}git add${sq}?" >>expect.err &&
 		ls ../x* >expect.out &&
 		test_must_fail git ls-files -c --error-unmatch ../[xy]* >actual.out 2>actual.err &&
 		test_cmp expect.out actual.out &&
-		test_cmp expect.err actual.err
+		test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
 	)
 '
 
@@ -59,13 +59,13 @@ test_expect_success 'ls-files -o' '
 		cd top/sub &&
 		for f in ../x*
 		do
-			echo "error: pathspec $sq$f$sq did not match any file(s) known to git."
+			echo "error: pathspec $sq$f$sq did not match any file(s) known to git"
 		done >expect.err &&
 		echo "Did you forget to ${sq}git add${sq}?" >>expect.err &&
 		ls ../y* >expect.out &&
 		test_must_fail git ls-files -o --error-unmatch ../[xy]* >actual.out 2>actual.err &&
 		test_cmp expect.out actual.out &&
-		test_cmp expect.err actual.err
+		test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
 	)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t3006-ls-files-long.sh b/t/t3006-ls-files-long.sh
index 202ad658b8..e109c3fbfb 100755
--- a/t/t3006-ls-files-long.sh
+++ b/t/t3006-ls-files-long.sh
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ test_expect_success 'overly-long path does not replace another by mistake' '
 	printf "$pat" "$blob_a" "$path_a" "$blob_z" "$path_z" |
 	git update-index --add --index-info &&
 	(
-		echo "$path_a"
+		echo "$path_a" &&
 		echo "$path_z"
 	) >expect &&
 	git ls-files >actual &&
diff --git a/t/t3007-ls-files-recurse-submodules.sh b/t/t3007-ls-files-recurse-submodules.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..318b5bce7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3007-ls-files-recurse-submodules.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test ls-files recurse-submodules feature
+
+This test verifies the recurse-submodules feature correctly lists files from
+submodules.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup directory structure and submodules' '
+	echo a >a &&
+	mkdir b &&
+	echo b >b/b &&
+	git add a b &&
+	git commit -m "add a and b" &&
+	git init submodule &&
+	echo c >submodule/c &&
+	git -C submodule add c &&
+	git -C submodule commit -m "add c" &&
+	git submodule add ./submodule &&
+	git commit -m "added submodule"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-files correctly outputs files in submodule' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	.gitmodules
+	a
+	b/b
+	submodule/c
+	EOF
+
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-files correctly outputs files in submodule with -z' '
+	lf_to_nul >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	.gitmodules
+	a
+	b/b
+	submodule/c
+	EOF
+
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules -z >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-files does not output files not added to a repo' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	.gitmodules
+	a
+	b/b
+	submodule/c
+	EOF
+
+	echo a >not_added &&
+	echo b >b/not_added &&
+	echo c >submodule/not_added &&
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-files recurses more than 1 level' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	.gitmodules
+	a
+	b/b
+	submodule/.gitmodules
+	submodule/c
+	submodule/subsub/d
+	EOF
+
+	git init submodule/subsub &&
+	echo d >submodule/subsub/d &&
+	git -C submodule/subsub add d &&
+	git -C submodule/subsub commit -m "add d" &&
+	git -C submodule submodule add ./subsub &&
+	git -C submodule commit -m "added subsub" &&
+	git submodule absorbgitdirs &&
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-files works with GIT_DIR' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	.gitmodules
+	c
+	subsub/d
+	EOF
+
+	git --git-dir=submodule/.git ls-files --recurse-submodules >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--recurse-submodules and pathspecs setup' '
+	echo e >submodule/subsub/e.txt &&
+	git -C submodule/subsub add e.txt &&
+	git -C submodule/subsub commit -m "adding e.txt" &&
+	echo f >submodule/f.TXT &&
+	echo g >submodule/g.txt &&
+	git -C submodule add f.TXT g.txt &&
+	git -C submodule commit -m "add f and g" &&
+	echo h >h.txt &&
+	mkdir sib &&
+	echo sib >sib/file &&
+	git add h.txt sib/file &&
+	git commit -m "add h and sib/file" &&
+	git init sub &&
+	echo sub >sub/file &&
+	git -C sub add file &&
+	git -C sub commit -m "add file" &&
+	git submodule add ./sub &&
+	git commit -m "added sub" &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	.gitmodules
+	a
+	b/b
+	h.txt
+	sib/file
+	sub/file
+	submodule/.gitmodules
+	submodule/c
+	submodule/f.TXT
+	submodule/g.txt
+	submodule/subsub/d
+	submodule/subsub/e.txt
+	EOF
+
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	cat actual &&
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules "*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'inactive submodule' '
+	test_when_finished "git config --bool submodule.submodule.active true" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C submodule config --bool submodule.subsub.active true" &&
+	git config --bool submodule.submodule.active "false" &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	.gitmodules
+	a
+	b/b
+	h.txt
+	sib/file
+	sub/file
+	submodule
+	EOF
+
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git config --bool submodule.submodule.active "true" &&
+	git -C submodule config --bool submodule.subsub.active "false" &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	.gitmodules
+	a
+	b/b
+	h.txt
+	sib/file
+	sub/file
+	submodule/.gitmodules
+	submodule/c
+	submodule/f.TXT
+	submodule/g.txt
+	submodule/subsub
+	EOF
+
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--recurse-submodules and pathspecs' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	h.txt
+	submodule/g.txt
+	submodule/subsub/e.txt
+	EOF
+
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules "*.txt" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--recurse-submodules and pathspecs' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	h.txt
+	submodule/f.TXT
+	submodule/g.txt
+	submodule/subsub/e.txt
+	EOF
+
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules ":(icase)*.txt" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--recurse-submodules and pathspecs' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	h.txt
+	submodule/f.TXT
+	submodule/g.txt
+	EOF
+
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules ":(icase)*.txt" ":(exclude)submodule/subsub/*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--recurse-submodules and pathspecs' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	sub/file
+	EOF
+
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules "sub" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules "sub/" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules "sub/file" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules "su*/file" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules "su?/file" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--recurse-submodules and pathspecs' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	sib/file
+	sub/file
+	EOF
+
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules "s??/file" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules "s???file" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git ls-files --recurse-submodules "s*file" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--recurse-submodules and relative paths' '
+	# From subdir
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	b
+	EOF
+	git -C b ls-files --recurse-submodules >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Relative path to top
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	../.gitmodules
+	../a
+	b
+	../h.txt
+	../sib/file
+	../sub/file
+	../submodule/.gitmodules
+	../submodule/c
+	../submodule/f.TXT
+	../submodule/g.txt
+	../submodule/subsub/d
+	../submodule/subsub/e.txt
+	EOF
+	git -C b ls-files --recurse-submodules -- .. >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Relative path to submodule
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	../submodule/.gitmodules
+	../submodule/c
+	../submodule/f.TXT
+	../submodule/g.txt
+	../submodule/subsub/d
+	../submodule/subsub/e.txt
+	EOF
+	git -C b ls-files --recurse-submodules -- ../submodule >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--recurse-submodules does not support --error-unmatch' '
+	test_must_fail git ls-files --recurse-submodules --error-unmatch 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "does not support --error-unmatch" actual
+'
+
+test_incompatible_with_recurse_submodules () {
+	test_expect_success "--recurse-submodules and $1 are incompatible" "
+		test_must_fail git ls-files --recurse-submodules $1 2>actual &&
+		test_i18ngrep 'unsupported mode' actual
+	"
+}
+
+test_incompatible_with_recurse_submodules --deleted
+test_incompatible_with_recurse_submodules --modified
+test_incompatible_with_recurse_submodules --others
+test_incompatible_with_recurse_submodules --stage
+test_incompatible_with_recurse_submodules --killed
+test_incompatible_with_recurse_submodules --unmerged
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3008-ls-files-lazy-init-name-hash.sh b/t/t3008-ls-files-lazy-init-name-hash.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..64f047332b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3008-ls-files-lazy-init-name-hash.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test the lazy init name hash with various folder structures'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if test 1 -eq $($GIT_BUILD_DIR/t/helper/test-tool online-cpus)
+then
+	skip_all='skipping lazy-init tests, single cpu'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+LAZY_THREAD_COST=2000
+
+test_expect_success 'no buffer overflow in lazy_init_name_hash' '
+	(
+	    test_seq $LAZY_THREAD_COST | sed "s/^/a_/" &&
+	    echo b/b/b &&
+	    test_seq $LAZY_THREAD_COST | sed "s/^/c_/" &&
+	    test_seq 50 | sed "s/^/d_/" | tr "\n" "/" && echo d
+	) |
+	sed "s/^/100644 $EMPTY_BLOB	/" |
+	git update-index --index-info &&
+	test-tool lazy-init-name-hash -m
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3010-ls-files-killed-modified.sh b/t/t3010-ls-files-killed-modified.sh
index 62fce103f9..580e158f99 100755
--- a/t/t3010-ls-files-killed-modified.sh
+++ b/t/t3010-ls-files-killed-modified.sh
@@ -55,13 +55,10 @@ test_expect_success 'git update-index --add to add various paths.' '
 	: >path9 &&
 	date >path10 &&
 	git update-index --add -- path0 path?/file? pathx/ju path7 path8 path9 path10 &&
-	for i in 1 2
-	do
-		git init submod$i &&
-		(
-			cd submod$i && git commit --allow-empty -m "empty $i"
-		) || break
-	done &&
+	git init submod1 &&
+	git -C submod1 commit --allow-empty -m "empty 1" &&
+	git init submod2 &&
+	git -C submod2 commit --allow-empty -m "empty 2" &&
 	git update-index --add submod[12] &&
 	(
 		cd submod1 &&
diff --git a/t/t3020-ls-files-error-unmatch.sh b/t/t3020-ls-files-error-unmatch.sh
index ca01053bcc..124e73b8e6 100755
--- a/t/t3020-ls-files-error-unmatch.sh
+++ b/t/t3020-ls-files-error-unmatch.sh
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ test_expect_success \
     'test_must_fail git ls-files --error-unmatch foo bar-does-not-match'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'git ls-files --error-unmatch should succeed eith matched paths.' \
+    'git ls-files --error-unmatch should succeed with matched paths.' \
     'git ls-files --error-unmatch foo bar'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh b/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh
index 82e18548c3..ff641b348a 100755
--- a/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh
+++ b/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh
@@ -36,15 +36,15 @@ test_expect_success 'setup 1' '
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "master modifies a and d/e" &&
 	c1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD && git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 blob $o1	a"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
-		echo "100644 blob $o1	d/e"
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o1	a" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o1	d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -54,15 +54,15 @@ test_expect_success 'setup 2' '
 
 	rm -rf [abcd] &&
 	git checkout side &&
-	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD && git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	a"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual &&
@@ -75,15 +75,15 @@ test_expect_success 'setup 2' '
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "side modifies a" &&
 	c2=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD && git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 blob $o2	a"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
-		echo "100644 $o2 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o2	a" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 $o2 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -93,15 +93,15 @@ test_expect_success 'setup 3' '
 
 	rm -rf [abcd] &&
 	git checkout df-1 &&
-	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD && git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	a"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual &&
@@ -112,15 +112,15 @@ test_expect_success 'setup 3' '
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "df-1 makes b/c" &&
 	c3=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD && git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	a"
-		echo "100644 blob $o3	b/c"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o3 0	b/c"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o3	b/c" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o3 0	b/c" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -130,15 +130,15 @@ test_expect_success 'setup 4' '
 
 	rm -rf [abcd] &&
 	git checkout df-2 &&
-	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD && git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	a"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual &&
@@ -149,15 +149,15 @@ test_expect_success 'setup 4' '
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "df-2 makes a/c" &&
 	c4=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD && git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 blob $o4	a/c"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
-		echo "100644 $o4 0	a/c"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o4	a/c" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 $o4 0	a/c" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -167,15 +167,15 @@ test_expect_success 'setup 5' '
 
 	rm -rf [abcd] &&
 	git checkout remove &&
-	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD && git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	a"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual &&
@@ -190,13 +190,13 @@ test_expect_success 'setup 5' '
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "remove removes b and modifies a" &&
 	c5=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD && git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 blob $o5	a"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
-		echo "100644 $o5 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o5	a" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 $o5 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -207,15 +207,15 @@ test_expect_success 'setup 6' '
 
 	rm -rf [abcd] &&
 	git checkout df-3 &&
-	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD && git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	a"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual &&
@@ -226,15 +226,15 @@ test_expect_success 'setup 6' '
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "df-3 makes d" &&
 	c6=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD && git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	a"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
-		echo "100644 blob $o6	d"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o6	d" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o6 0	d"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup 8' '
 	test_ln_s_add e a &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "rename a->e, symlink a->e" &&
-	oln=`printf e | git hash-object --stdin`
+	oln=$(printf e | git hash-object --stdin)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup 9' '
@@ -286,11 +286,11 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-recursive result' '
 
 	git ls-files -s >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $o0 1	a"
-		echo "100644 $o2 2	a"
-		echo "100644 $o1 3	a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 1	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o2 2	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 3	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -325,10 +325,10 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-recursive remove conflict' '
 
 	git ls-files -s >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $o0 1	a"
-		echo "100644 $o1 2	a"
-		echo "100644 $o5 3	a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 1	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 2	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o5 3	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -347,9 +347,9 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-recursive result' '
 
 	git ls-files -s >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o3 0	b/c"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o3 0	b/c" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -369,11 +369,11 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-recursive d/f conflict result' '
 
 	git ls-files -s >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $o0 1	a"
-		echo "100644 $o1 2	a"
-		echo "100644 $o4 0	a/c"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 1	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 2	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o4 0	a/c" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -393,11 +393,11 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-recursive d/f conflict result the other way' '
 
 	git ls-files -s >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $o0 1	a"
-		echo "100644 $o1 3	a"
-		echo "100644 $o4 0	a/c"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o0 1	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 3	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o4 0	a/c" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -417,11 +417,11 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-recursive d/f conflict result' '
 
 	git ls-files -s >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
-		echo "100644 $o6 3	d"
-		echo "100644 $o0 1	d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 $o6 3	d" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 1	d/e" &&
 		echo "100644 $o1 2	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -441,11 +441,11 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-recursive d/f conflict result' '
 
 	git ls-files -s >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
-		echo "100644 $o6 2	d"
-		echo "100644 $o0 1	d/e"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 $o6 2	d" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 1	d/e" &&
 		echo "100644 $o1 3	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -465,13 +465,13 @@ test_expect_success 'reset and bind merge' '
 	git read-tree --prefix=M/ master &&
 	git ls-files -s >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/c"
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/d/e"
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/c" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual &&
@@ -479,17 +479,17 @@ test_expect_success 'reset and bind merge' '
 	git read-tree --prefix=a1/ master &&
 	git ls-files -s >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/c"
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/d/e"
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	a1/a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	a1/b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	a1/c"
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	a1/d/e"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/c" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a1/a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a1/b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a1/c" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a1/d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual &&
@@ -497,21 +497,21 @@ test_expect_success 'reset and bind merge' '
 	git read-tree --prefix=z/ master &&
 	git ls-files -s >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/c"
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/d/e"
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	a1/a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	a1/b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	a1/c"
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	a1/d/e"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e"
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	z/a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	z/b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	z/c"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	M/c" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	M/d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a1/a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a1/b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	a1/c" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	a1/d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	z/a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	z/b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	z/c" &&
 		echo "100644 $o1 0	z/d/e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -525,20 +525,22 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-recursive w/ empty work tree - ours has rename' '
 		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$PWD/ours-has-rename-index" &&
 		export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
 		mkdir "$GIT_WORK_TREE" &&
-		git read-tree -i -m $c7 &&
-		git update-index --ignore-missing --refresh &&
-		git merge-recursive $c0 -- $c7 $c3 &&
-		git ls-files -s >actual-files
-	) 2>actual-err &&
-	>expected-err &&
+		git read-tree -i -m $c7 2>actual-err &&
+		test_must_be_empty actual-err &&
+		git update-index --ignore-missing --refresh 2>actual-err &&
+		test_must_be_empty actual-err &&
+		git merge-recursive $c0 -- $c7 $c3 2>actual-err &&
+		test_must_be_empty actual-err &&
+		git ls-files -s >actual-files 2>actual-err &&
+		test_must_be_empty actual-err
+	) &&
 	cat >expected-files <<-EOF &&
 	100644 $o3 0	b/c
 	100644 $o0 0	c
 	100644 $o0 0	d/e
 	100644 $o0 0	e
 	EOF
-	test_cmp expected-files actual-files &&
-	test_cmp expected-err actual-err
+	test_cmp expected-files actual-files
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge-recursive w/ empty work tree - theirs has rename' '
@@ -548,20 +550,22 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-recursive w/ empty work tree - theirs has rename' '
 		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$PWD/theirs-has-rename-index" &&
 		export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
 		mkdir "$GIT_WORK_TREE" &&
-		git read-tree -i -m $c3 &&
-		git update-index --ignore-missing --refresh &&
-		git merge-recursive $c0 -- $c3 $c7 &&
-		git ls-files -s >actual-files
-	) 2>actual-err &&
-	>expected-err &&
+		git read-tree -i -m $c3 2>actual-err &&
+		test_must_be_empty actual-err &&
+		git update-index --ignore-missing --refresh 2>actual-err &&
+		test_must_be_empty actual-err &&
+		git merge-recursive $c0 -- $c3 $c7 2>actual-err &&
+		test_must_be_empty actual-err &&
+		git ls-files -s >actual-files 2>actual-err &&
+		test_must_be_empty actual-err
+	) &&
 	cat >expected-files <<-EOF &&
 	100644 $o3 0	b/c
 	100644 $o0 0	c
 	100644 $o0 0	d/e
 	100644 $o0 0	e
 	EOF
-	test_cmp expected-files actual-files &&
-	test_cmp expected-err actual-err
+	test_cmp expected-files actual-files
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge removes empty directories' '
@@ -575,18 +579,18 @@ test_expect_success 'merge removes empty directories' '
 	test_must_fail test -d d
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'merge-recursive simple w/submodule' '
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive simple w/submodule' '
 
 	git checkout submod &&
 	git merge remove
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'merge-recursive simple w/submodule result' '
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive simple w/submodule result' '
 
 	git ls-files -s >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $o5 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
+		echo "100644 $o5 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
 		echo "160000 $c1 0	d"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -597,13 +601,13 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-recursive copy vs. rename' '
 	git merge rename &&
 	( git ls-tree -r HEAD && git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	e"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	e" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e" &&
 		echo "100644 $o0 0	e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -613,21 +617,119 @@ test_expect_failure 'merge-recursive rename vs. rename/symlink' '
 
 	git checkout -f rename &&
 	git merge rename-ln &&
-	( git ls-tree -r HEAD ; git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
+	( git ls-tree -r HEAD && git ls-files -s ) >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "120000 blob $oln	a"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	b"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	c"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e"
-		echo "100644 blob $o0	e"
-		echo "120000 $oln 0	a"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	b"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	c"
-		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e"
+		echo "120000 blob $oln	a" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	d/e" &&
+		echo "100644 blob $o0	e" &&
+		echo "120000 $oln 0	a" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	b" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	c" &&
+		echo "100644 $o0 0	d/e" &&
 		echo "100644 $o0 0	e"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'merging with triple rename across D/F conflict' '
+	git reset --hard HEAD &&
+	git checkout -b main &&
+	git rm -rf . &&
+
+	echo "just a file" >sub1 &&
+	mkdir -p sub2 &&
+	echo content1 >sub2/file1 &&
+	echo content2 >sub2/file2 &&
+	echo content3 >sub2/file3 &&
+	mkdir simple &&
+	echo base >simple/bar &&
+	git add -A &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m base &&
+
+	git checkout -b other &&
+	echo more >>simple/bar &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m changesimplefile &&
+
+	git checkout main &&
+	git rm sub1 &&
+	git mv sub2 sub1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m changefiletodir &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge other
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive remembers the names of all base trees' '
+	git reset --hard HEAD &&
+
+	# more trees than static slots used by oid_to_hex()
+	for commit in $c0 $c2 $c4 $c5 $c6 $c7
+	do
+		git rev-parse "$commit^{tree}"
+	done >trees &&
+
+	# ignore the return code -- it only fails because the input is weird
+	test_must_fail git -c merge.verbosity=5 merge-recursive $(cat trees) -- $c1 $c3 >out &&
+
+	# merge-recursive prints in reverse order, but we do not care
+	sort <trees >expect &&
+	sed -n "s/^virtual //p" out | sort >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive internal merge resolves to the sameness' '
+	git reset --hard HEAD &&
+
+	# We are going to create a history leading to two criss-cross
+	# branches A and B.  The common ancestor at the bottom, O0,
+	# has two child commits O1 and O2, both of which will be merge
+	# base between A and B, like so:
+	#
+	#       O1---A
+	#      /  \ /
+	#    O0    .
+	#      \  / \
+	#       O2---B
+	#
+	# The recently added "check to see if the index is different from
+	# the tree into which something else is getting merged" check must
+	# NOT kick in when an inner merge between O1 and O2 is made.  Both
+	# O1 and O2 happen to have the same tree as O0 in this test to
+	# trigger the bug---whether the inner merge is made by merging O2
+	# into O1 or O1 into O2, their common ancestor O0 and the branch
+	# being merged have the same tree.  We should not trigger the "is
+	# the index dirty?" check in this case.
+
+	echo "zero" >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "O0" &&
+	O0=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "O1" &&
+	O1=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+	git reset --hard $O0 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "O2" &&
+	O2=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge -s ours $O1 &&
+	B=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+	git reset --hard $O1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge -s ours $O2 &&
+	A=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+	git merge $B
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3031-merge-criscross.sh b/t/t3031-merge-criscross.sh
index 7f41607c56..3824756a02 100755
--- a/t/t3031-merge-criscross.sh
+++ b/t/t3031-merge-criscross.sh
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup repo with criss-cross history' '
 	do
 		echo $n > data/$n &&
 		n=$(($n+1)) ||
-		break
+		return 1
 	done &&
 
 	# check them in
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup repo with criss-cross history' '
 	git branch G
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'recursive merge between F and G, causes segfault' '
+test_expect_success 'recursive merge between F and G does not cause segfault' '
 	git merge F
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t3032-merge-recursive-options.sh b/t/t3032-merge-recursive-space-options.sh
index 4029c9c8c0..b56180ee4a 100755
--- a/t/t3032-merge-recursive-options.sh
+++ b/t/t3032-merge-recursive-space-options.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='merge-recursive options
+test_description='merge-recursive space options
 
 * [master] Clarify
  ! [remote] Remove cruft
diff --git a/t/t3033-merge-toplevel.sh b/t/t3033-merge-toplevel.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d314599428
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3033-merge-toplevel.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='"git merge" top-level frontend'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+t3033_reset () {
+	git checkout -B master two &&
+	git branch -f left three &&
+	git branch -f right four
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_commit one &&
+	git branch left &&
+	git branch right &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	git checkout left &&
+	test_commit three &&
+	git checkout right &&
+	test_commit four &&
+	git checkout --orphan newroot &&
+	test_commit five &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+# Local branches
+
+test_expect_success 'merge an octopus into void' '
+	t3033_reset &&
+	git checkout --orphan test &&
+	git rm -fr . &&
+	test_must_fail git merge left right &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify HEAD &&
+	git diff --quiet &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge an octopus, fast-forward (ff)' '
+	t3033_reset &&
+	git reset --hard one &&
+	git merge left right &&
+	# one is ancestor of three (left) and four (right)
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify HEAD^3 &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD^1 HEAD^2 | sort >actual &&
+	git rev-parse three four | sort >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge octopus, non-fast-forward (ff)' '
+	t3033_reset &&
+	git reset --hard one &&
+	git merge --no-ff left right &&
+	# one is ancestor of three (left) and four (right)
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify HEAD^4 &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD^1 HEAD^2 HEAD^3 | sort >actual &&
+	git rev-parse one three four | sort >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge octopus, fast-forward (does not ff)' '
+	t3033_reset &&
+	git merge left right &&
+	# two (master) is not an ancestor of three (left) and four (right)
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify HEAD^4 &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD^1 HEAD^2 HEAD^3 | sort >actual &&
+	git rev-parse two three four | sort >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge octopus, non-fast-forward' '
+	t3033_reset &&
+	git merge --no-ff left right &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify HEAD^4 &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD^1 HEAD^2 HEAD^3 | sort >actual &&
+	git rev-parse two three four | sort >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# The same set with FETCH_HEAD
+
+test_expect_success 'merge FETCH_HEAD octopus into void' '
+	t3033_reset &&
+	git checkout --orphan test &&
+	git rm -fr . &&
+	git fetch . left right &&
+	test_must_fail git merge FETCH_HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify HEAD &&
+	git diff --quiet &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge FETCH_HEAD octopus fast-forward (ff)' '
+	t3033_reset &&
+	git reset --hard one &&
+	git fetch . left right &&
+	git merge FETCH_HEAD &&
+	# one is ancestor of three (left) and four (right)
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify HEAD^3 &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD^1 HEAD^2 | sort >actual &&
+	git rev-parse three four | sort >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge FETCH_HEAD octopus non-fast-forward (ff)' '
+	t3033_reset &&
+	git reset --hard one &&
+	git fetch . left right &&
+	git merge --no-ff FETCH_HEAD &&
+	# one is ancestor of three (left) and four (right)
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify HEAD^4 &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD^1 HEAD^2 HEAD^3 | sort >actual &&
+	git rev-parse one three four | sort >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge FETCH_HEAD octopus fast-forward (does not ff)' '
+	t3033_reset &&
+	git fetch . left right &&
+	git merge FETCH_HEAD &&
+	# two (master) is not an ancestor of three (left) and four (right)
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify HEAD^4 &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD^1 HEAD^2 HEAD^3 | sort >actual &&
+	git rev-parse two three four | sort >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge FETCH_HEAD octopus non-fast-forward' '
+	t3033_reset &&
+	git fetch . left right &&
+	git merge --no-ff FETCH_HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify HEAD^4 &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD^1 HEAD^2 HEAD^3 | sort >actual &&
+	git rev-parse two three four | sort >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# two-project merge
+test_expect_success 'refuse two-project merge by default' '
+	t3033_reset &&
+	git reset --hard four &&
+	test_must_fail git merge five
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'two-project merge with --allow-unrelated-histories' '
+	t3033_reset &&
+	git reset --hard four &&
+	git merge --allow-unrelated-histories five &&
+	git diff --exit-code five
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3034-merge-recursive-rename-options.sh b/t/t3034-merge-recursive-rename-options.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3d9fae68c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3034-merge-recursive-rename-options.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,330 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='merge-recursive rename options
+
+Test rename detection by examining rename/delete conflicts.
+
+* (HEAD -> rename) rename
+| * (master) delete
+|/
+* base
+
+git diff --name-status base master
+D	0-old
+D	1-old
+D	2-old
+D	3-old
+
+git diff --name-status -M01 base rename
+R025    0-old   0-new
+R050    1-old   1-new
+R075    2-old   2-new
+R100    3-old   3-new
+
+Actual similarity indices are parsed from diff output. We rely on the fact that
+they are rounded down (see, e.g., Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt, which
+mentions this in a different context).
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+get_expected_stages () {
+	git checkout rename -- $1-new &&
+	git ls-files --stage $1-new >expected-stages-undetected-$1 &&
+	sed "s/ 0	/ 2	/" <expected-stages-undetected-$1 \
+		>expected-stages-detected-$1 &&
+	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD
+}
+
+rename_detected () {
+	git ls-files --stage $1-old $1-new >stages-actual-$1 &&
+	test_cmp expected-stages-detected-$1 stages-actual-$1
+}
+
+rename_undetected () {
+	git ls-files --stage $1-old $1-new >stages-actual-$1 &&
+	test_cmp expected-stages-undetected-$1 stages-actual-$1
+}
+
+check_common () {
+	git ls-files --stage >stages-actual &&
+	test_line_count = 4 stages-actual
+}
+
+check_threshold_0 () {
+	check_common &&
+	rename_detected 0 &&
+	rename_detected 1 &&
+	rename_detected 2 &&
+	rename_detected 3
+}
+
+check_threshold_1 () {
+	check_common &&
+	rename_undetected 0 &&
+	rename_detected 1 &&
+	rename_detected 2 &&
+	rename_detected 3
+}
+
+check_threshold_2 () {
+	check_common &&
+	rename_undetected 0 &&
+	rename_undetected 1 &&
+	rename_detected 2 &&
+	rename_detected 3
+}
+
+check_exact_renames () {
+	check_common &&
+	rename_undetected 0 &&
+	rename_undetected 1 &&
+	rename_undetected 2 &&
+	rename_detected 3
+}
+
+check_no_renames () {
+	check_common &&
+	rename_undetected 0 &&
+	rename_undetected 1 &&
+	rename_undetected 2 &&
+	rename_undetected 3
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repo' '
+	cat <<-\EOF >3-old &&
+	33a
+	33b
+	33c
+	33d
+	EOF
+	sed s/33/22/ <3-old >2-old &&
+	sed s/33/11/ <3-old >1-old &&
+	sed s/33/00/ <3-old >0-old &&
+	git add [0-3]-old &&
+	git commit -m base &&
+	git rm [0-3]-old &&
+	git commit -m delete &&
+	git checkout -b rename HEAD^ &&
+	cp 3-old 3-new &&
+	sed 1,1s/./x/ <2-old >2-new &&
+	sed 1,2s/./x/ <1-old >1-new &&
+	sed 1,3s/./x/ <0-old >0-new &&
+	git add [0-3]-new &&
+	git rm [0-3]-old &&
+	git commit -m rename &&
+	get_expected_stages 0 &&
+	get_expected_stages 1 &&
+	get_expected_stages 2 &&
+	get_expected_stages 3 &&
+	check_50="false" &&
+	tail="HEAD^ -- HEAD master"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup thresholds' '
+	git diff --name-status -M01 HEAD^ HEAD >diff-output &&
+	test_debug "cat diff-output" &&
+	test_line_count = 4 diff-output &&
+	grep "R[0-9][0-9][0-9]	\([0-3]\)-old	\1-new" diff-output \
+		>grep-output &&
+	test_cmp diff-output grep-output &&
+	th0=$(sed -n "s/R\(...\)	0-old	0-new/\1/p" <diff-output) &&
+	th1=$(sed -n "s/R\(...\)	1-old	1-new/\1/p" <diff-output) &&
+	th2=$(sed -n "s/R\(...\)	2-old	2-new/\1/p" <diff-output) &&
+	th3=$(sed -n "s/R\(...\)	3-old	3-new/\1/p" <diff-output) &&
+	test "$th0" -lt "$th1" &&
+	test "$th1" -lt "$th2" &&
+	test "$th2" -lt "$th3" &&
+	test "$th3" = 100 &&
+	if test 50 -le "$th0"
+	then
+		check_50=check_threshold_0
+	elif test 50 -le "$th1"
+	then
+		check_50=check_threshold_1
+	elif test 50 -le "$th2"
+	then
+		check_50=check_threshold_2
+	fi &&
+	th0="$th0%" &&
+	th1="$th1%" &&
+	th2="$th2%" &&
+	th3="$th3%"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'assumption for tests: rename detection with diff' '
+	git diff --name-status -M$th0 --diff-filter=R HEAD^ HEAD \
+		>diff-output-0 &&
+	git diff --name-status -M$th1 --diff-filter=R HEAD^ HEAD \
+		>diff-output-1 &&
+	git diff --name-status -M$th2 --diff-filter=R HEAD^ HEAD \
+		>diff-output-2 &&
+	git diff --name-status -M100% --diff-filter=R HEAD^ HEAD \
+		>diff-output-3 &&
+	test_line_count = 4 diff-output-0 &&
+	test_line_count = 3 diff-output-1 &&
+	test_line_count = 2 diff-output-2 &&
+	test_line_count = 1 diff-output-3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'default similarity threshold is 50%' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-recursive $tail &&
+	$check_50
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'low rename threshold' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-recursive --find-renames=$th0 $tail &&
+	check_threshold_0
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'medium rename threshold' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-recursive --find-renames=$th1 $tail &&
+	check_threshold_1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'high rename threshold' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-recursive --find-renames=$th2 $tail &&
+	check_threshold_2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'exact renames only' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-recursive --find-renames=100% $tail &&
+	check_exact_renames
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rename threshold is truncated' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-recursive --find-renames=200% $tail &&
+	check_exact_renames
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'disabled rename detection' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	git merge-recursive --no-renames $tail &&
+	check_no_renames
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'last wins in --find-renames=<m> --find-renames=<n>' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-recursive \
+		--find-renames=$th0 --find-renames=$th2 $tail &&
+	check_threshold_2
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--find-renames resets threshold' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-recursive \
+		--find-renames=$th0 --find-renames $tail &&
+	$check_50
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'last wins in --no-renames --find-renames' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-recursive --no-renames --find-renames $tail &&
+	$check_50
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'last wins in --find-renames --no-renames' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	git merge-recursive --find-renames --no-renames $tail &&
+	check_no_renames
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'assumption for further tests: trivial merge succeeds' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	git merge-recursive HEAD -- HEAD HEAD &&
+	git diff --quiet --cached &&
+	git merge-recursive --find-renames=$th0 HEAD -- HEAD HEAD &&
+	git diff --quiet --cached &&
+	git merge-recursive --find-renames=$th2 HEAD -- HEAD HEAD &&
+	git diff --quiet --cached &&
+	git merge-recursive --find-renames=100% HEAD -- HEAD HEAD &&
+	git diff --quiet --cached &&
+	git merge-recursive --no-renames HEAD -- HEAD HEAD &&
+	git diff --quiet --cached
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--find-renames rejects negative argument' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-recursive --find-renames=-25 \
+		HEAD -- HEAD HEAD &&
+	git diff --quiet --cached
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--find-renames rejects non-numbers' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-recursive --find-renames=0xf \
+		HEAD -- HEAD HEAD &&
+	git diff --quiet --cached
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rename-threshold=<n> is a synonym for find-renames=<n>' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-recursive --rename-threshold=$th0 $tail &&
+	check_threshold_0
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'last wins in --no-renames --rename-threshold=<n>' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-recursive --no-renames --rename-threshold=$th0 $tail &&
+	check_threshold_0
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'last wins in --rename-threshold=<n> --no-renames' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	git merge-recursive --rename-threshold=$th0 --no-renames $tail &&
+	check_no_renames
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--rename-threshold=<n> rejects negative argument' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-recursive --rename-threshold=-25 \
+		HEAD -- HEAD HEAD &&
+	git diff --quiet --cached
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--rename-threshold=<n> rejects non-numbers' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-recursive --rename-threshold=0xf \
+		HEAD -- HEAD HEAD &&
+	git diff --quiet --cached
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'last wins in --rename-threshold=<m> --find-renames=<n>' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-recursive \
+		--rename-threshold=$th0 --find-renames=$th2 $tail &&
+	check_threshold_2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'last wins in --find-renames=<m> --rename-threshold=<n>' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge-recursive \
+		--find-renames=$th2 --rename-threshold=$th0 $tail &&
+	check_threshold_0
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge.renames disables rename detection' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	git -c merge.renames=false merge-recursive $tail &&
+	check_no_renames
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge.renames defaults to diff.renames' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	git -c diff.renames=false merge-recursive $tail &&
+	check_no_renames
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge.renames overrides diff.renames' '
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git -c diff.renames=false -c merge.renames=true merge-recursive $tail &&
+	$check_50
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3035-merge-sparse.sh b/t/t3035-merge-sparse.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c4b4a94324
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3035-merge-sparse.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='merge with sparse files'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# test_file $filename $content
+test_file () {
+	echo "$2" > "$1" &&
+	git add "$1"
+}
+
+# test_commit_this $message_and_tag
+test_commit_this () {
+	git commit -m "$1" &&
+	git tag "$1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_file checked-out init &&
+	test_file modify_delete modify_delete_init &&
+	test_commit_this init &&
+	test_file modify_delete modify_delete_theirs &&
+	test_commit_this theirs &&
+	git reset --hard init &&
+	git rm modify_delete &&
+	test_commit_this ours &&
+	git config core.sparseCheckout true &&
+	echo "/checked-out" >.git/info/sparse-checkout &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	! git merge theirs
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset --hard works after the conflict' '
+	git reset --hard
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'is reset properly' '
+	git status --porcelain -- modify_delete >out &&
+	test_must_be_empty out &&
+	test_path_is_missing modify_delete
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup: conflict back' '
+	! git merge theirs
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Merge abort works after the conflict' '
+	git merge --abort
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'is aborted properly' '
+	git status --porcelain -- modify_delete >out &&
+	test_must_be_empty out &&
+	test_path_is_missing modify_delete
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3040-subprojects-basic.sh b/t/t3040-subprojects-basic.sh
index 0a4ff6d824..b81eb5fd6f 100755
--- a/t/t3040-subprojects-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t3040-subprojects-basic.sh
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup: create subprojects' '
 	git update-index --add sub1 &&
 	git add sub2 &&
 	git commit -q -m "subprojects added" &&
-	git diff-tree --abbrev=5 HEAD^ HEAD |cut -d" " -f-3,5- >current &&
+	GIT_PRINT_SHA1_ELLIPSIS="yes" git diff-tree --abbrev=5 HEAD^ HEAD |cut -d" " -f-3,5- >current &&
 	git branch save HEAD &&
 	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
 	:000000 160000 00000... A	sub1
diff --git a/t/t3050-subprojects-fetch.sh b/t/t3050-subprojects-fetch.sh
index 2f5f41a012..f1f09abdd9 100755
--- a/t/t3050-subprojects-fetch.sh
+++ b/t/t3050-subprojects-fetch.sh
@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 test_expect_success clone '
 	git clone "file://$(pwd)/.git" cloned &&
-	(git rev-parse HEAD; git ls-files -s) >expected &&
+	(git rev-parse HEAD && git ls-files -s) >expected &&
 	(
 		cd cloned &&
-		(git rev-parse HEAD; git ls-files -s) >../actual
+		(git rev-parse HEAD && git ls-files -s) >../actual
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@ test_expect_success advance '
 '
 
 test_expect_success fetch '
-	(git rev-parse HEAD; git ls-files -s) >expected &&
+	(git rev-parse HEAD && git ls-files -s) >expected &&
 	(
 		cd cloned &&
 		git pull &&
-		(git rev-parse HEAD; git ls-files -s) >../actual
+		(git rev-parse HEAD && git ls-files -s) >../actual
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
diff --git a/t/t3060-ls-files-with-tree.sh b/t/t3060-ls-files-with-tree.sh
index 61c1f53d1b..44f378ce41 100755
--- a/t/t3060-ls-files-with-tree.sh
+++ b/t/t3060-ls-files-with-tree.sh
@@ -18,22 +18,16 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 	echo file >expected &&
 	mkdir sub &&
-	bad= &&
 	for n in 0 1 2 3 4 5
 	do
 		for m in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
 		do
 			num=00$n$m &&
 			>sub/file-$num &&
-			echo file-$num >>expected || {
-				bad=t
-				break
-			}
-		done && test -z "$bad" || {
-			bad=t
-			break
-		}
-	done && test -z "$bad" &&
+			echo file-$num >>expected ||
+			return 1
+		done
+	done &&
 	git add . &&
 	git commit -m "add a bunch of files" &&
 
diff --git a/t/t3070-wildmatch.sh b/t/t3070-wildmatch.sh
index ef509df351..46aca0af10 100755
--- a/t/t3070-wildmatch.sh
+++ b/t/t3070-wildmatch.sh
@@ -4,265 +4,430 @@ test_description='wildmatch tests'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-match() {
-    if [ $1 = 1 ]; then
-	test_expect_success "wildmatch:     match '$3' '$4'" "
-	    test-wildmatch wildmatch '$3' '$4'
-	"
-    else
-	test_expect_success "wildmatch:  no match '$3' '$4'" "
-	    ! test-wildmatch wildmatch '$3' '$4'
-	"
-    fi
+should_create_test_file() {
+	file=$1
+
+	case $file in
+	# `touch .` will succeed but obviously not do what we intend
+	# here.
+	".")
+		return 1
+		;;
+	# We cannot create a file with an empty filename.
+	"")
+		return 1
+		;;
+	# The tests that are testing that e.g. foo//bar is matched by
+	# foo/*/bar can't be tested on filesystems since there's no
+	# way we're getting a double slash.
+	*//*)
+		return 1
+		;;
+	# When testing the difference between foo/bar and foo/bar/ we
+	# can't test the latter.
+	*/)
+		return 1
+		;;
+	# On Windows, \ in paths is silently converted to /, which
+	# would result in the "touch" below working, but the test
+	# itself failing. See 6fd1106aa4 ("t3700: Skip a test with
+	# backslashes in pathspec", 2009-03-13) for prior art and
+	# details.
+	*\\*)
+		if ! test_have_prereq BSLASHPSPEC
+		then
+			return 1
+		fi
+		# NOTE: The ;;& bash extension is not portable, so
+		# this test needs to be at the end of the pattern
+		# list.
+		#
+		# If we want to add more conditional returns we either
+		# need a new case statement, or turn this whole thing
+		# into a series of "if" tests.
+		;;
+	esac
+
+
+	# On Windows proper (i.e. not Cygwin) many file names which
+	# under Cygwin would be emulated don't work.
+	if test_have_prereq MINGW
+	then
+		case $file in
+		" ")
+			# Files called " " are forbidden on Windows
+			return 1
+			;;
+		*\<*|*\>*|*:*|*\"*|*\|*|*\?*|*\**)
+			# Files with various special characters aren't
+			# allowed on Windows. Sourced from
+			# https://stackoverflow.com/a/31976060
+			return 1
+			;;
+		esac
+	fi
+
+	return 0
 }
 
-imatch() {
-    if [ $1 = 1 ]; then
-	test_expect_success "iwildmatch:    match '$2' '$3'" "
-	    test-wildmatch iwildmatch '$2' '$3'
-	"
-    else
-	test_expect_success "iwildmatch: no match '$2' '$3'" "
-	    ! test-wildmatch iwildmatch '$2' '$3'
-	"
-    fi
+match_with_function() {
+	text=$1
+	pattern=$2
+	match_expect=$3
+	match_function=$4
+
+	if test "$match_expect" = 1
+	then
+		test_expect_success "$match_function: match '$text' '$pattern'" "
+			test-tool wildmatch $match_function '$text' '$pattern'
+		"
+	elif test "$match_expect" = 0
+	then
+		test_expect_success "$match_function: no match '$text' '$pattern'" "
+			test_must_fail test-tool wildmatch $match_function '$text' '$pattern'
+		"
+	else
+		test_expect_success "PANIC: Test framework error. Unknown matches value $match_expect" 'false'
+	fi
+
+}
+
+match_with_ls_files() {
+	text=$1
+	pattern=$2
+	match_expect=$3
+	match_function=$4
+	ls_files_args=$5
+
+	match_stdout_stderr_cmp="
+		tr -d '\0' <actual.raw >actual &&
+		test_must_be_empty actual.err &&
+		test_cmp expect actual"
+
+	if test "$match_expect" = 'E'
+	then
+		if test -e .git/created_test_file
+		then
+			test_expect_success EXPENSIVE_ON_WINDOWS "$match_function (via ls-files): match dies on '$pattern' '$text'" "
+				printf '%s' '$text' >expect &&
+				test_must_fail git$ls_files_args ls-files -z -- '$pattern'
+			"
+		else
+			test_expect_failure EXPENSIVE_ON_WINDOWS "$match_function (via ls-files): match skip '$pattern' '$text'" 'false'
+		fi
+	elif test "$match_expect" = 1
+	then
+		if test -e .git/created_test_file
+		then
+			test_expect_success EXPENSIVE_ON_WINDOWS "$match_function (via ls-files): match '$pattern' '$text'" "
+				printf '%s' '$text' >expect &&
+				git$ls_files_args ls-files -z -- '$pattern' >actual.raw 2>actual.err &&
+				$match_stdout_stderr_cmp
+			"
+		else
+			test_expect_failure EXPENSIVE_ON_WINDOWS "$match_function (via ls-files): match skip '$pattern' '$text'" 'false'
+		fi
+	elif test "$match_expect" = 0
+	then
+		if test -e .git/created_test_file
+		then
+			test_expect_success EXPENSIVE_ON_WINDOWS "$match_function (via ls-files): no match '$pattern' '$text'" "
+				>expect &&
+				git$ls_files_args ls-files -z -- '$pattern' >actual.raw 2>actual.err &&
+				$match_stdout_stderr_cmp
+			"
+		else
+			test_expect_failure EXPENSIVE_ON_WINDOWS "$match_function (via ls-files): no match skip '$pattern' '$text'" 'false'
+		fi
+	else
+		test_expect_success "PANIC: Test framework error. Unknown matches value $match_expect" 'false'
+	fi
 }
 
-pathmatch() {
-    if [ $1 = 1 ]; then
-	test_expect_success "pathmatch:     match '$2' '$3'" "
-	    test-wildmatch pathmatch '$2' '$3'
-	"
-    else
-	test_expect_success "pathmatch:  no match '$2' '$3'" "
-	    ! test-wildmatch pathmatch '$2' '$3'
-	"
-    fi
+match() {
+	if test "$#" = 6
+	then
+		# When test-tool wildmatch and git ls-files produce the same
+		# result.
+		match_glob=$1
+		match_file_glob=$match_glob
+		match_iglob=$2
+		match_file_iglob=$match_iglob
+		match_pathmatch=$3
+		match_file_pathmatch=$match_pathmatch
+		match_pathmatchi=$4
+		match_file_pathmatchi=$match_pathmatchi
+		text=$5
+		pattern=$6
+	elif test "$#" = 10
+	then
+		match_glob=$1
+		match_iglob=$2
+		match_pathmatch=$3
+		match_pathmatchi=$4
+		match_file_glob=$5
+		match_file_iglob=$6
+		match_file_pathmatch=$7
+		match_file_pathmatchi=$8
+		text=$9
+		pattern=${10}
+	fi
+
+	test_expect_success EXPENSIVE_ON_WINDOWS 'cleanup after previous file test' '
+		if test -e .git/created_test_file
+		then
+			git reset &&
+			git clean -df
+		fi
+	'
+
+	printf '%s' "$text" >.git/expected_test_file
+
+	test_expect_success EXPENSIVE_ON_WINDOWS "setup match file test for $text" '
+		file=$(cat .git/expected_test_file) &&
+		if should_create_test_file "$file"
+		then
+			dirs=${file%/*}
+			if test "$file" != "$dirs"
+			then
+				mkdir -p -- "$dirs" &&
+				touch -- "./$text"
+			else
+				touch -- "./$file"
+			fi &&
+			git add -A &&
+			printf "%s" "$file" >.git/created_test_file
+		elif test -e .git/created_test_file
+		then
+			rm .git/created_test_file
+		fi
+	'
+
+	# $1: Case sensitive glob match: test-tool wildmatch & ls-files
+	match_with_function "$text" "$pattern" $match_glob "wildmatch"
+	match_with_ls_files "$text" "$pattern" $match_file_glob "wildmatch" " --glob-pathspecs"
+
+	# $2: Case insensitive glob match: test-tool wildmatch & ls-files
+	match_with_function "$text" "$pattern" $match_iglob "iwildmatch"
+	match_with_ls_files "$text" "$pattern" $match_file_iglob "iwildmatch" " --glob-pathspecs --icase-pathspecs"
+
+	# $3: Case sensitive path match: test-tool wildmatch & ls-files
+	match_with_function "$text" "$pattern" $match_pathmatch "pathmatch"
+	match_with_ls_files "$text" "$pattern" $match_file_pathmatch "pathmatch" ""
+
+	# $4: Case insensitive path match: test-tool wildmatch & ls-files
+	match_with_function "$text" "$pattern" $match_pathmatchi "ipathmatch"
+	match_with_ls_files "$text" "$pattern" $match_file_pathmatchi "ipathmatch" " --icase-pathspecs"
 }
 
-# Basic wildmat features
-match 1 1 foo foo
-match 0 0 foo bar
-match 1 1 '' ""
-match 1 1 foo '???'
-match 0 0 foo '??'
-match 1 1 foo '*'
-match 1 1 foo 'f*'
-match 0 0 foo '*f'
-match 1 1 foo '*foo*'
-match 1 1 foobar '*ob*a*r*'
-match 1 1 aaaaaaabababab '*ab'
-match 1 1 'foo*' 'foo\*'
-match 0 0 foobar 'foo\*bar'
-match 1 1 'f\oo' 'f\\oo'
-match 1 1 ball '*[al]?'
-match 0 0 ten '[ten]'
-match 0 1 ten '**[!te]'
-match 0 0 ten '**[!ten]'
-match 1 1 ten 't[a-g]n'
-match 0 0 ten 't[!a-g]n'
-match 1 1 ton 't[!a-g]n'
-match 1 1 ton 't[^a-g]n'
-match 1 x 'a]b' 'a[]]b'
-match 1 x a-b 'a[]-]b'
-match 1 x 'a]b' 'a[]-]b'
-match 0 x aab 'a[]-]b'
-match 1 x aab 'a[]a-]b'
-match 1 1 ']' ']'
+# Basic wildmatch features
+match 1 1 1 1 foo foo
+match 0 0 0 0 foo bar
+match 1 1 1 1 '' ""
+match 1 1 1 1 foo '???'
+match 0 0 0 0 foo '??'
+match 1 1 1 1 foo '*'
+match 1 1 1 1 foo 'f*'
+match 0 0 0 0 foo '*f'
+match 1 1 1 1 foo '*foo*'
+match 1 1 1 1 foobar '*ob*a*r*'
+match 1 1 1 1 aaaaaaabababab '*ab'
+match 1 1 1 1 'foo*' 'foo\*'
+match 0 0 0 0 foobar 'foo\*bar'
+match 1 1 1 1 'f\oo' 'f\\oo'
+match 1 1 1 1 ball '*[al]?'
+match 0 0 0 0 ten '[ten]'
+match 0 0 1 1 ten '**[!te]'
+match 0 0 0 0 ten '**[!ten]'
+match 1 1 1 1 ten 't[a-g]n'
+match 0 0 0 0 ten 't[!a-g]n'
+match 1 1 1 1 ton 't[!a-g]n'
+match 1 1 1 1 ton 't[^a-g]n'
+match 1 1 1 1 'a]b' 'a[]]b'
+match 1 1 1 1 a-b 'a[]-]b'
+match 1 1 1 1 'a]b' 'a[]-]b'
+match 0 0 0 0 aab 'a[]-]b'
+match 1 1 1 1 aab 'a[]a-]b'
+match 1 1 1 1 ']' ']'
 
 # Extended slash-matching features
-match 0 0 'foo/baz/bar' 'foo*bar'
-match 0 0 'foo/baz/bar' 'foo**bar'
-match 0 1 'foobazbar' 'foo**bar'
-match 1 1 'foo/baz/bar' 'foo/**/bar'
-match 1 0 'foo/baz/bar' 'foo/**/**/bar'
-match 1 0 'foo/b/a/z/bar' 'foo/**/bar'
-match 1 0 'foo/b/a/z/bar' 'foo/**/**/bar'
-match 1 0 'foo/bar' 'foo/**/bar'
-match 1 0 'foo/bar' 'foo/**/**/bar'
-match 0 0 'foo/bar' 'foo?bar'
-match 0 0 'foo/bar' 'foo[/]bar'
-match 0 0 'foo/bar' 'f[^eiu][^eiu][^eiu][^eiu][^eiu]r'
-match 1 1 'foo-bar' 'f[^eiu][^eiu][^eiu][^eiu][^eiu]r'
-match 1 0 'foo' '**/foo'
-match 1 x 'XXX/foo' '**/foo'
-match 1 0 'bar/baz/foo' '**/foo'
-match 0 0 'bar/baz/foo' '*/foo'
-match 0 0 'foo/bar/baz' '**/bar*'
-match 1 0 'deep/foo/bar/baz' '**/bar/*'
-match 0 0 'deep/foo/bar/baz/' '**/bar/*'
-match 1 0 'deep/foo/bar/baz/' '**/bar/**'
-match 0 0 'deep/foo/bar' '**/bar/*'
-match 1 0 'deep/foo/bar/' '**/bar/**'
-match 0 0 'foo/bar/baz' '**/bar**'
-match 1 0 'foo/bar/baz/x' '*/bar/**'
-match 0 0 'deep/foo/bar/baz/x' '*/bar/**'
-match 1 0 'deep/foo/bar/baz/x' '**/bar/*/*'
+match 0 0 1 1 'foo/baz/bar' 'foo*bar'
+match 0 0 1 1 'foo/baz/bar' 'foo**bar'
+match 0 0 1 1 'foobazbar' 'foo**bar'
+match 1 1 1 1 'foo/baz/bar' 'foo/**/bar'
+match 1 1 0 0 'foo/baz/bar' 'foo/**/**/bar'
+match 1 1 1 1 'foo/b/a/z/bar' 'foo/**/bar'
+match 1 1 1 1 'foo/b/a/z/bar' 'foo/**/**/bar'
+match 1 1 0 0 'foo/bar' 'foo/**/bar'
+match 1 1 0 0 'foo/bar' 'foo/**/**/bar'
+match 0 0 1 1 'foo/bar' 'foo?bar'
+match 0 0 1 1 'foo/bar' 'foo[/]bar'
+match 0 0 1 1 'foo/bar' 'foo[^a-z]bar'
+match 0 0 1 1 'foo/bar' 'f[^eiu][^eiu][^eiu][^eiu][^eiu]r'
+match 1 1 1 1 'foo-bar' 'f[^eiu][^eiu][^eiu][^eiu][^eiu]r'
+match 1 1 0 0 'foo' '**/foo'
+match 1 1 1 1 'XXX/foo' '**/foo'
+match 1 1 1 1 'bar/baz/foo' '**/foo'
+match 0 0 1 1 'bar/baz/foo' '*/foo'
+match 0 0 1 1 'foo/bar/baz' '**/bar*'
+match 1 1 1 1 'deep/foo/bar/baz' '**/bar/*'
+match 0 0 1 1 'deep/foo/bar/baz/' '**/bar/*'
+match 1 1 1 1 'deep/foo/bar/baz/' '**/bar/**'
+match 0 0 0 0 'deep/foo/bar' '**/bar/*'
+match 1 1 1 1 'deep/foo/bar/' '**/bar/**'
+match 0 0 1 1 'foo/bar/baz' '**/bar**'
+match 1 1 1 1 'foo/bar/baz/x' '*/bar/**'
+match 0 0 1 1 'deep/foo/bar/baz/x' '*/bar/**'
+match 1 1 1 1 'deep/foo/bar/baz/x' '**/bar/*/*'
 
 # Various additional tests
-match 0 0 'acrt' 'a[c-c]st'
-match 1 1 'acrt' 'a[c-c]rt'
-match 0 0 ']' '[!]-]'
-match 1 x 'a' '[!]-]'
-match 0 0 '' '\'
-match 0 x '\' '\'
-match 0 x 'XXX/\' '*/\'
-match 1 x 'XXX/\' '*/\\'
-match 1 1 'foo' 'foo'
-match 1 1 '@foo' '@foo'
-match 0 0 'foo' '@foo'
-match 1 1 '[ab]' '\[ab]'
-match 1 1 '[ab]' '[[]ab]'
-match 1 x '[ab]' '[[:]ab]'
-match 0 x '[ab]' '[[::]ab]'
-match 1 x '[ab]' '[[:digit]ab]'
-match 1 x '[ab]' '[\[:]ab]'
-match 1 1 '?a?b' '\??\?b'
-match 1 1 'abc' '\a\b\c'
-match 0 0 'foo' ''
-match 1 0 'foo/bar/baz/to' '**/t[o]'
+match 0 0 0 0 'acrt' 'a[c-c]st'
+match 1 1 1 1 'acrt' 'a[c-c]rt'
+match 0 0 0 0 ']' '[!]-]'
+match 1 1 1 1 'a' '[!]-]'
+match 0 0 0 0 '' '\'
+match 0 0 0 0 \
+      1 1 1 1 '\' '\'
+match 0 0 0 0 'XXX/\' '*/\'
+match 1 1 1 1 'XXX/\' '*/\\'
+match 1 1 1 1 'foo' 'foo'
+match 1 1 1 1 '@foo' '@foo'
+match 0 0 0 0 'foo' '@foo'
+match 1 1 1 1 '[ab]' '\[ab]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '[ab]' '[[]ab]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '[ab]' '[[:]ab]'
+match 0 0 0 0 '[ab]' '[[::]ab]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '[ab]' '[[:digit]ab]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '[ab]' '[\[:]ab]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '?a?b' '\??\?b'
+match 1 1 1 1 'abc' '\a\b\c'
+match 0 0 0 0 \
+      E E E E 'foo' ''
+match 1 1 1 1 'foo/bar/baz/to' '**/t[o]'
 
 # Character class tests
-match 1 x 'a1B' '[[:alpha:]][[:digit:]][[:upper:]]'
-match 0 x 'a' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
-match 1 x 'A' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
-match 1 x '1' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
-match 0 x '1' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:spaci:]]'
-match 1 x ' ' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
-match 0 x '.' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
-match 1 x '.' '[[:digit:][:punct:][:space:]]'
-match 1 x '5' '[[:xdigit:]]'
-match 1 x 'f' '[[:xdigit:]]'
-match 1 x 'D' '[[:xdigit:]]'
-match 1 x '_' '[[:alnum:][:alpha:][:blank:][:cntrl:][:digit:][:graph:][:lower:][:print:][:punct:][:space:][:upper:][:xdigit:]]'
-match 1 x '_' '[[:alnum:][:alpha:][:blank:][:cntrl:][:digit:][:graph:][:lower:][:print:][:punct:][:space:][:upper:][:xdigit:]]'
-match 1 x '.' '[^[:alnum:][:alpha:][:blank:][:cntrl:][:digit:][:lower:][:space:][:upper:][:xdigit:]]'
-match 1 x '5' '[a-c[:digit:]x-z]'
-match 1 x 'b' '[a-c[:digit:]x-z]'
-match 1 x 'y' '[a-c[:digit:]x-z]'
-match 0 x 'q' '[a-c[:digit:]x-z]'
-
-# Additional tests, including some malformed wildmats
-match 1 x ']' '[\\-^]'
-match 0 0 '[' '[\\-^]'
-match 1 x '-' '[\-_]'
-match 1 x ']' '[\]]'
-match 0 0 '\]' '[\]]'
-match 0 0 '\' '[\]]'
-match 0 0 'ab' 'a[]b'
-match 0 x 'a[]b' 'a[]b'
-match 0 x 'ab[' 'ab['
-match 0 0 'ab' '[!'
-match 0 0 'ab' '[-'
-match 1 1 '-' '[-]'
-match 0 0 '-' '[a-'
-match 0 0 '-' '[!a-'
-match 1 x '-' '[--A]'
-match 1 x '5' '[--A]'
-match 1 1 ' ' '[ --]'
-match 1 1 '$' '[ --]'
-match 1 1 '-' '[ --]'
-match 0 0 '0' '[ --]'
-match 1 x '-' '[---]'
-match 1 x '-' '[------]'
-match 0 0 'j' '[a-e-n]'
-match 1 x '-' '[a-e-n]'
-match 1 x 'a' '[!------]'
-match 0 0 '[' '[]-a]'
-match 1 x '^' '[]-a]'
-match 0 0 '^' '[!]-a]'
-match 1 x '[' '[!]-a]'
-match 1 1 '^' '[a^bc]'
-match 1 x '-b]' '[a-]b]'
-match 0 0 '\' '[\]'
-match 1 1 '\' '[\\]'
-match 0 0 '\' '[!\\]'
-match 1 1 'G' '[A-\\]'
-match 0 0 'aaabbb' 'b*a'
-match 0 0 'aabcaa' '*ba*'
-match 1 1 ',' '[,]'
-match 1 1 ',' '[\\,]'
-match 1 1 '\' '[\\,]'
-match 1 1 '-' '[,-.]'
-match 0 0 '+' '[,-.]'
-match 0 0 '-.]' '[,-.]'
-match 1 1 '2' '[\1-\3]'
-match 1 1 '3' '[\1-\3]'
-match 0 0 '4' '[\1-\3]'
-match 1 1 '\' '[[-\]]'
-match 1 1 '[' '[[-\]]'
-match 1 1 ']' '[[-\]]'
-match 0 0 '-' '[[-\]]'
+match 1 1 1 1 'a1B' '[[:alpha:]][[:digit:]][[:upper:]]'
+match 0 1 0 1 'a' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
+match 1 1 1 1 'A' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '1' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
+match 0 0 0 0 '1' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:spaci:]]'
+match 1 1 1 1 ' ' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
+match 0 0 0 0 '.' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '.' '[[:digit:][:punct:][:space:]]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '5' '[[:xdigit:]]'
+match 1 1 1 1 'f' '[[:xdigit:]]'
+match 1 1 1 1 'D' '[[:xdigit:]]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '_' '[[:alnum:][:alpha:][:blank:][:cntrl:][:digit:][:graph:][:lower:][:print:][:punct:][:space:][:upper:][:xdigit:]]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '.' '[^[:alnum:][:alpha:][:blank:][:cntrl:][:digit:][:lower:][:space:][:upper:][:xdigit:]]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '5' '[a-c[:digit:]x-z]'
+match 1 1 1 1 'b' '[a-c[:digit:]x-z]'
+match 1 1 1 1 'y' '[a-c[:digit:]x-z]'
+match 0 0 0 0 'q' '[a-c[:digit:]x-z]'
 
-# Test recursion and the abort code (use "wildtest -i" to see iteration counts)
-match 1 1 '-adobe-courier-bold-o-normal--12-120-75-75-m-70-iso8859-1' '-*-*-*-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-m-*-*-*'
-match 0 0 '-adobe-courier-bold-o-normal--12-120-75-75-X-70-iso8859-1' '-*-*-*-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-m-*-*-*'
-match 0 0 '-adobe-courier-bold-o-normal--12-120-75-75-/-70-iso8859-1' '-*-*-*-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-m-*-*-*'
-match 1 1 'XXX/adobe/courier/bold/o/normal//12/120/75/75/m/70/iso8859/1' 'XXX/*/*/*/*/*/*/12/*/*/*/m/*/*/*'
-match 0 0 'XXX/adobe/courier/bold/o/normal//12/120/75/75/X/70/iso8859/1' 'XXX/*/*/*/*/*/*/12/*/*/*/m/*/*/*'
-match 1 0 'abcd/abcdefg/abcdefghijk/abcdefghijklmnop.txt' '**/*a*b*g*n*t'
-match 0 0 'abcd/abcdefg/abcdefghijk/abcdefghijklmnop.txtz' '**/*a*b*g*n*t'
-match 0 x foo '*/*/*'
-match 0 x foo/bar '*/*/*'
-match 1 x foo/bba/arr '*/*/*'
-match 0 x foo/bb/aa/rr '*/*/*'
-match 1 x foo/bb/aa/rr '**/**/**'
-match 1 x abcXdefXghi '*X*i'
-match 0 x ab/cXd/efXg/hi '*X*i'
-match 1 x ab/cXd/efXg/hi '*/*X*/*/*i'
-match 1 x ab/cXd/efXg/hi '**/*X*/**/*i'
+# Additional tests, including some malformed wildmatch patterns
+match 1 1 1 1 ']' '[\\-^]'
+match 0 0 0 0 '[' '[\\-^]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '-' '[\-_]'
+match 1 1 1 1 ']' '[\]]'
+match 0 0 0 0 '\]' '[\]]'
+match 0 0 0 0 '\' '[\]]'
+match 0 0 0 0 'ab' 'a[]b'
+match 0 0 0 0 \
+      1 1 1 1 'a[]b' 'a[]b'
+match 0 0 0 0 \
+      1 1 1 1 'ab[' 'ab['
+match 0 0 0 0 'ab' '[!'
+match 0 0 0 0 'ab' '[-'
+match 1 1 1 1 '-' '[-]'
+match 0 0 0 0 '-' '[a-'
+match 0 0 0 0 '-' '[!a-'
+match 1 1 1 1 '-' '[--A]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '5' '[--A]'
+match 1 1 1 1 ' ' '[ --]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '$' '[ --]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '-' '[ --]'
+match 0 0 0 0 '0' '[ --]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '-' '[---]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '-' '[------]'
+match 0 0 0 0 'j' '[a-e-n]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '-' '[a-e-n]'
+match 1 1 1 1 'a' '[!------]'
+match 0 0 0 0 '[' '[]-a]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '^' '[]-a]'
+match 0 0 0 0 '^' '[!]-a]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '[' '[!]-a]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '^' '[a^bc]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '-b]' '[a-]b]'
+match 0 0 0 0 '\' '[\]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '\' '[\\]'
+match 0 0 0 0 '\' '[!\\]'
+match 1 1 1 1 'G' '[A-\\]'
+match 0 0 0 0 'aaabbb' 'b*a'
+match 0 0 0 0 'aabcaa' '*ba*'
+match 1 1 1 1 ',' '[,]'
+match 1 1 1 1 ',' '[\\,]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '\' '[\\,]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '-' '[,-.]'
+match 0 0 0 0 '+' '[,-.]'
+match 0 0 0 0 '-.]' '[,-.]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '2' '[\1-\3]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '3' '[\1-\3]'
+match 0 0 0 0 '4' '[\1-\3]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '\' '[[-\]]'
+match 1 1 1 1 '[' '[[-\]]'
+match 1 1 1 1 ']' '[[-\]]'
+match 0 0 0 0 '-' '[[-\]]'
 
-pathmatch 1 foo foo
-pathmatch 0 foo fo
-pathmatch 1 foo/bar foo/bar
-pathmatch 1 foo/bar 'foo/*'
-pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo/*'
-pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo/**'
-pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo*'
-pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo**'
-pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo/*arr'
-pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo/**arr'
-pathmatch 0 foo/bba/arr 'foo/*z'
-pathmatch 0 foo/bba/arr 'foo/**z'
-pathmatch 1 foo/bar 'foo?bar'
-pathmatch 1 foo/bar 'foo[/]bar'
-pathmatch 0 foo '*/*/*'
-pathmatch 0 foo/bar '*/*/*'
-pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr '*/*/*'
-pathmatch 1 foo/bb/aa/rr '*/*/*'
-pathmatch 1 abcXdefXghi '*X*i'
-pathmatch 1 ab/cXd/efXg/hi '*/*X*/*/*i'
-pathmatch 1 ab/cXd/efXg/hi '*Xg*i'
+# Test recursion
+match 1 1 1 1 '-adobe-courier-bold-o-normal--12-120-75-75-m-70-iso8859-1' '-*-*-*-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-m-*-*-*'
+match 0 0 0 0 '-adobe-courier-bold-o-normal--12-120-75-75-X-70-iso8859-1' '-*-*-*-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-m-*-*-*'
+match 0 0 0 0 '-adobe-courier-bold-o-normal--12-120-75-75-/-70-iso8859-1' '-*-*-*-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-m-*-*-*'
+match 1 1 1 1 'XXX/adobe/courier/bold/o/normal//12/120/75/75/m/70/iso8859/1' 'XXX/*/*/*/*/*/*/12/*/*/*/m/*/*/*'
+match 0 0 0 0 'XXX/adobe/courier/bold/o/normal//12/120/75/75/X/70/iso8859/1' 'XXX/*/*/*/*/*/*/12/*/*/*/m/*/*/*'
+match 1 1 1 1 'abcd/abcdefg/abcdefghijk/abcdefghijklmnop.txt' '**/*a*b*g*n*t'
+match 0 0 0 0 'abcd/abcdefg/abcdefghijk/abcdefghijklmnop.txtz' '**/*a*b*g*n*t'
+match 0 0 0 0 foo '*/*/*'
+match 0 0 0 0 foo/bar '*/*/*'
+match 1 1 1 1 foo/bba/arr '*/*/*'
+match 0 0 1 1 foo/bb/aa/rr '*/*/*'
+match 1 1 1 1 foo/bb/aa/rr '**/**/**'
+match 1 1 1 1 abcXdefXghi '*X*i'
+match 0 0 1 1 ab/cXd/efXg/hi '*X*i'
+match 1 1 1 1 ab/cXd/efXg/hi '*/*X*/*/*i'
+match 1 1 1 1 ab/cXd/efXg/hi '**/*X*/**/*i'
 
-# Case-sensitivy features
-match 0 x 'a' '[A-Z]'
-match 1 x 'A' '[A-Z]'
-match 0 x 'A' '[a-z]'
-match 1 x 'a' '[a-z]'
-match 0 x 'a' '[[:upper:]]'
-match 1 x 'A' '[[:upper:]]'
-match 0 x 'A' '[[:lower:]]'
-match 1 x 'a' '[[:lower:]]'
-match 0 x 'A' '[B-Za]'
-match 1 x 'a' '[B-Za]'
-match 0 x 'A' '[B-a]'
-match 1 x 'a' '[B-a]'
-match 0 x 'z' '[Z-y]'
-match 1 x 'Z' '[Z-y]'
+# Extra pathmatch tests
+match 0 0 0 0 foo fo
+match 1 1 1 1 foo/bar foo/bar
+match 1 1 1 1 foo/bar 'foo/*'
+match 0 0 1 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo/*'
+match 1 1 1 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo/**'
+match 0 0 1 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo*'
+match 0 0 1 1 \
+      1 1 1 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo**'
+match 0 0 1 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo/*arr'
+match 0 0 1 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo/**arr'
+match 0 0 0 0 foo/bba/arr 'foo/*z'
+match 0 0 0 0 foo/bba/arr 'foo/**z'
+match 0 0 1 1 foo/bar 'foo?bar'
+match 0 0 1 1 foo/bar 'foo[/]bar'
+match 0 0 1 1 foo/bar 'foo[^a-z]bar'
+match 0 0 1 1 ab/cXd/efXg/hi '*Xg*i'
 
-imatch 1 'a' '[A-Z]'
-imatch 1 'A' '[A-Z]'
-imatch 1 'A' '[a-z]'
-imatch 1 'a' '[a-z]'
-imatch 1 'a' '[[:upper:]]'
-imatch 1 'A' '[[:upper:]]'
-imatch 1 'A' '[[:lower:]]'
-imatch 1 'a' '[[:lower:]]'
-imatch 1 'A' '[B-Za]'
-imatch 1 'a' '[B-Za]'
-imatch 1 'A' '[B-a]'
-imatch 1 'a' '[B-a]'
-imatch 1 'z' '[Z-y]'
-imatch 1 'Z' '[Z-y]'
+# Extra case-sensitivity tests
+match 0 1 0 1 'a' '[A-Z]'
+match 1 1 1 1 'A' '[A-Z]'
+match 0 1 0 1 'A' '[a-z]'
+match 1 1 1 1 'a' '[a-z]'
+match 0 1 0 1 'a' '[[:upper:]]'
+match 1 1 1 1 'A' '[[:upper:]]'
+match 0 1 0 1 'A' '[[:lower:]]'
+match 1 1 1 1 'a' '[[:lower:]]'
+match 0 1 0 1 'A' '[B-Za]'
+match 1 1 1 1 'a' '[B-Za]'
+match 0 1 0 1 'A' '[B-a]'
+match 1 1 1 1 'a' '[B-a]'
+match 0 1 0 1 'z' '[Z-y]'
+match 1 1 1 1 'Z' '[Z-y]'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3100-ls-tree-restrict.sh b/t/t3100-ls-tree-restrict.sh
index eb73c06a4e..18baf49a49 100755
--- a/t/t3100-ls-tree-restrict.sh
+++ b/t/t3100-ls-tree-restrict.sh
@@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ test_expect_success \
      echo Mi >path2/baz/b &&
      find path? \( -type f -o -type l \) -print |
      xargs git update-index --add &&
-     tree=`git write-tree` &&
+     tree=$(git write-tree) &&
      echo $tree'
 
 test_output () {
-    sed -e "s/ $_x40	/ X	/" <current >check
+    sed -e "s/ $OID_REGEX	/ X	/" <current >check
     test_cmp expected check
 }
 
diff --git a/t/t3101-ls-tree-dirname.sh b/t/t3101-ls-tree-dirname.sh
index 026f9f89d9..12bf31022a 100755
--- a/t/t3101-ls-tree-dirname.sh
+++ b/t/t3101-ls-tree-dirname.sh
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ This test runs git ls-tree with the following in a tree.
     path3/1.txt        - a file in a directory
     path3/2.txt        - a file in a directory
 
-Test the handling of mulitple directories which have matching file
+Test the handling of multiple directories which have matching file
 entries.  Also test odd filename and missing entries handling.
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
@@ -35,12 +35,12 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	echo 222 >path3/2.txt &&
 	find *.txt path* \( -type f -o -type l \) -print |
 	xargs git update-index --add &&
-	tree=`git write-tree` &&
+	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
 	echo $tree
 '
 
 test_output () {
-	sed -e "s/ $_x40	/ X	/" <current >check &&
+	sed -e "s/ $OID_REGEX	/ X	/" <current >check &&
 	test_cmp expected check
 }
 
diff --git a/t/t3102-ls-tree-wildcards.sh b/t/t3102-ls-tree-wildcards.sh
index 4d4b02e760..1e16c6b8ea 100755
--- a/t/t3102-ls-tree-wildcards.sh
+++ b/t/t3102-ls-tree-wildcards.sh
@@ -12,18 +12,18 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ls-tree a[a] matches literally' '
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	100644 blob e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391	a[a]/three
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	100644 blob $EMPTY_BLOB	a[a]/three
 	EOF
 	git ls-tree -r HEAD "a[a]" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ls-tree outside prefix' '
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	100644 blob e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391	../a[a]/three
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	100644 blob $EMPTY_BLOB	../a[a]/three
 	EOF
-	( cd aa && git ls-tree -r HEAD "../a[a]"; ) >actual &&
+	( cd aa && git ls-tree -r HEAD "../a[a]" ) >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t3103-ls-tree-misc.sh b/t/t3103-ls-tree-misc.sh
index 09dcf043fd..14520913af 100755
--- a/t/t3103-ls-tree-misc.sh
+++ b/t/t3103-ls-tree-misc.sh
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ls-tree fails with non-zero exit code on broken tree' '
-	rm -f .git/objects/5f/cffbd6e4c5c5b8d81f5e9314b20e338e3ffff5 &&
+	tree=$(git rev-parse HEAD:a) &&
+	rm -f .git/objects/$(echo $tree | sed -e "s,^\(..\),\1/,") &&
 	test_must_fail git ls-tree -r HEAD
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t3200-branch.sh b/t/t3200-branch.sh
index ddea49808d..93f21ab078 100755
--- a/t/t3200-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t3200-branch.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 test_description='git branch assorted tests'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-rebase.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'prepare a trivial repository' '
 	echo Hello >A &&
@@ -46,11 +47,11 @@ test_expect_success 'git branch HEAD should fail' '
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
-$_z40 $HEAD $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150200 +0000	branch: Created from master
+$ZERO_OID $HEAD $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150200 +0000	branch: Created from master
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'git branch -l d/e/f should create a branch and a log' '
+test_expect_success 'git branch --create-reflog d/e/f should create a branch and a log' '
 	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" \
-	git branch -l d/e/f &&
+	git -c core.logallrefupdates=false branch --create-reflog d/e/f &&
 	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/d/e/f &&
 	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/d/e/f &&
 	test_cmp expect .git/logs/refs/heads/d/e/f
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git branch -l d/e/f should create a branch and a log' '
 test_expect_success 'git branch -d d/e/f should delete a branch and a log' '
 	git branch -d d/e/f &&
 	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/d/e/f &&
-	test_path_is_missing .git/logs/refs/heads/d/e/f
+	test_must_fail git reflog exists refs/heads/d/e/f
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git branch j/k should work after branch j has been deleted' '
@@ -79,16 +80,52 @@ test_expect_success 'git branch -m dumps usage' '
 	test_i18ngrep "branch name required" err
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git branch -m m broken_symref should work' '
+	test_when_finished "git branch -D broken_symref" &&
+	git branch --create-reflog m &&
+	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/broken_symref refs/heads/i_am_broken &&
+	git branch -m m broken_symref &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/broken_symref &&
+	test_must_fail git reflog exists refs/heads/i_am_broken
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'git branch -m m m/m should work' '
-	git branch -l m &&
+	git branch --create-reflog m &&
 	git branch -m m m/m &&
-	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/m/m
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/m/m
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git branch -m n/n n should work' '
-	git branch -l n/n &&
+	git branch --create-reflog n/n &&
 	git branch -m n/n n &&
-	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/n
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/n
+'
+
+# The topmost entry in reflog for branch bbb is about branch creation.
+# Hence, we compare bbb@{1} (instead of bbb@{0}) with aaa@{0}.
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -m bbb should rename checked out branch' '
+	test_when_finished git branch -D bbb &&
+	test_when_finished git checkout master &&
+	git checkout -b aaa &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "a new commit" &&
+	git rev-parse aaa@{0} >expect &&
+	git branch -m bbb &&
+	git rev-parse bbb@{1} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD >actual &&
+	echo refs/heads/bbb >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'renaming checked out branch works with d/f conflict' '
+	test_when_finished "git branch -D foo/bar || git branch -D foo" &&
+	test_when_finished git checkout master &&
+	git checkout -b foo &&
+	git branch -m foo/bar &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD >actual &&
+	echo refs/heads/foo/bar >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git branch -m o/o o should fail when o/p exists' '
@@ -126,7 +163,57 @@ test_expect_success 'git branch -M foo bar should fail when bar is checked out'
 test_expect_success 'git branch -M baz bam should succeed when baz is checked out' '
 	git checkout -b baz &&
 	git branch bam &&
-	git branch -M baz bam
+	git branch -M baz bam &&
+	test $(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD) = bam
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -M baz bam should add entries to .git/logs/HEAD' '
+	msg="Branch: renamed refs/heads/baz to refs/heads/bam" &&
+	grep " 0\{40\}.*$msg$" .git/logs/HEAD &&
+	grep "^0\{40\}.*$msg$" .git/logs/HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -M should leave orphaned HEAD alone' '
+	git init orphan &&
+	(
+		cd orphan &&
+		test_commit initial &&
+		git checkout --orphan lonely &&
+		grep lonely .git/HEAD &&
+		test_path_is_missing .git/refs/head/lonely &&
+		git branch -M master mistress &&
+		grep lonely .git/HEAD
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'resulting reflog can be shown by log -g' '
+	oid=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD@{0} $oid $msg
+	HEAD@{2} $oid checkout: moving from foo to baz
+	EOF
+	git log -g --format="%gd %H %gs" -2 HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -M baz bam should succeed when baz is checked out as linked working tree' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git worktree add -b baz bazdir &&
+	git worktree add -f bazdir2 baz &&
+	git branch -M baz bam &&
+	test $(git -C bazdir rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD) = bam &&
+	test $(git -C bazdir2 rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD) = bam
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -M baz bam should succeed within a worktree in which baz is checked out' '
+	git checkout -b baz &&
+	git worktree add -f bazdir3 baz &&
+	(
+		cd bazdir3 &&
+		git branch -M baz bam &&
+		test $(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD) = bam
+	) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD) = bam
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git branch -M master should work when master is checked out' '
@@ -147,34 +234,59 @@ test_expect_success 'git branch -M master2 master2 should work when master is ch
 
 test_expect_success 'git branch -v -d t should work' '
 	git branch t &&
-	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/t &&
+	git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/t &&
 	git branch -v -d t &&
-	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/t
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/t
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git branch -v -m t s should work' '
 	git branch t &&
-	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/t &&
+	git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/t &&
 	git branch -v -m t s &&
-	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/t &&
-	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/s &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/t &&
+	git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/s &&
 	git branch -d s
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git branch -m -d t s should fail' '
 	git branch t &&
-	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/t &&
+	git rev-parse refs/heads/t &&
 	test_must_fail git branch -m -d t s &&
 	git branch -d t &&
-	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/t
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/heads/t
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git branch --list -d t should fail' '
 	git branch t &&
-	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/t &&
+	git rev-parse refs/heads/t &&
 	test_must_fail git branch --list -d t &&
 	git branch -d t &&
-	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/t
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/heads/t
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch --list -v with --abbrev' '
+	test_when_finished "git branch -D t" &&
+	git branch t &&
+	git branch -v --list t >actual.default &&
+	git branch -v --list --abbrev t >actual.abbrev &&
+	test_cmp actual.default actual.abbrev &&
+
+	git branch -v --list --no-abbrev t >actual.noabbrev &&
+	git branch -v --list --abbrev=0 t >actual.0abbrev &&
+	test_cmp actual.noabbrev actual.0abbrev &&
+
+	git branch -v --list --abbrev=36 t >actual.36abbrev &&
+	# how many hexdigits are used?
+	read name objdefault rest <actual.abbrev &&
+	read name obj36 rest <actual.36abbrev &&
+	objfull=$(git rev-parse --verify t) &&
+
+	# are we really getting abbreviations?
+	test "$obj36" != "$objdefault" &&
+	expr "$obj36" : "$objdefault" >/dev/null &&
+	test "$objfull" != "$obj36" &&
+	expr "$objfull" : "$obj36" >/dev/null
+
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git branch --column' '
@@ -266,18 +378,274 @@ mv .git/config-saved .git/config
 git config branch.s/s.dummy Hello
 
 test_expect_success 'git branch -m s/s s should work when s/t is deleted' '
-	git branch -l s/s &&
-	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/s/s &&
-	git branch -l s/t &&
-	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/s/t &&
+	git branch --create-reflog s/s &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/s/s &&
+	git branch --create-reflog s/t &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/s/t &&
 	git branch -d s/t &&
 	git branch -m s/s s &&
-	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/s
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/s
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'config information was renamed, too' '
 	test $(git config branch.s.dummy) = Hello &&
-	test_must_fail git config branch.s/s/dummy
+	test_must_fail git config branch.s/s.dummy
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -m correctly renames multiple config sections' '
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	git checkout -b source master &&
+
+	# Assert that a config file with multiple config sections has
+	# those sections preserved...
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	branch.dest.key1=value1
+	some.gar.b=age
+	branch.dest.key2=value2
+	EOF
+	cat >config.branch <<\EOF &&
+;; Note the lack of -\EOF above & mixed indenting here. This is
+;; intentional, we are also testing that the formatting of copied
+;; sections is preserved.
+
+;; Comment for source. Tabs
+[branch "source"]
+	;; Comment for the source value
+	key1 = value1
+;; Comment for some.gar. Spaces
+[some "gar"]
+    ;; Comment for the some.gar value
+    b = age
+;; Comment for source, again. Mixed tabs/spaces.
+[branch "source"]
+    ;; Comment for the source value, again
+	key2 = value2
+EOF
+	cat config.branch >>.git/config &&
+	git branch -m source dest &&
+	git config -f .git/config -l | grep -F -e source -e dest -e some.gar >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# ...and that the comments for those sections are also
+	# preserved.
+	cat config.branch | sed "s/\"source\"/\"dest\"/" >expect &&
+	sed -n -e "/Note the lack/,\$p" .git/config >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -c dumps usage' '
+	test_expect_code 128 git branch -c 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "branch name required" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch --copy dumps usage' '
+	test_expect_code 128 git branch --copy 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "branch name required" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -c d e should work' '
+	git branch --create-reflog d &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/d &&
+	git config branch.d.dummy Hello &&
+	git branch -c d e &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/d &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/e &&
+	echo Hello >expect &&
+	git config branch.e.dummy >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo Hello >expect &&
+	git config branch.d.dummy >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch --copy is a synonym for -c' '
+	git branch --create-reflog copy &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/copy &&
+	git config branch.copy.dummy Hello &&
+	git branch --copy copy copy-to &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/copy &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/copy-to &&
+	echo Hello >expect &&
+	git config branch.copy.dummy >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo Hello >expect &&
+	git config branch.copy-to.dummy >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -c ee ef should copy ee to create branch ef' '
+	git checkout -b ee &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/ee &&
+	git config branch.ee.dummy Hello &&
+	git branch -c ee ef &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/ee &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/ef &&
+	test $(git config branch.ee.dummy) = Hello &&
+	test $(git config branch.ef.dummy) = Hello &&
+	test $(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD) = ee
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -c f/f g/g should work' '
+	git branch --create-reflog f/f &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/f/f &&
+	git config branch.f/f.dummy Hello &&
+	git branch -c f/f g/g &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/f/f &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/g/g &&
+	test $(git config branch.f/f.dummy) = Hello &&
+	test $(git config branch.g/g.dummy) = Hello
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -c m2 m2 should work' '
+	git branch --create-reflog m2 &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/m2 &&
+	git config branch.m2.dummy Hello &&
+	git branch -c m2 m2 &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/m2 &&
+	test $(git config branch.m2.dummy) = Hello
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -c zz zz/zz should fail' '
+	git branch --create-reflog zz &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/zz &&
+	test_must_fail git branch -c zz zz/zz
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -c b/b b should fail' '
+	git branch --create-reflog b/b &&
+	test_must_fail git branch -c b/b b
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -C o/q o/p should work when o/p exists' '
+	git branch --create-reflog o/q &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/o/q &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/o/p &&
+	git branch -C o/q o/p
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -c -f o/q o/p should work when o/p exists' '
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/o/q &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/o/p &&
+	git branch -c -f o/q o/p
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -c qq rr/qq should fail when rr exists' '
+	git branch qq &&
+	git branch rr &&
+	test_must_fail git branch -c qq rr/qq
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -C b1 b2 should fail when b2 is checked out' '
+	git branch b1 &&
+	git checkout -b b2 &&
+	test_must_fail git branch -C b1 b2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -C c1 c2 should succeed when c1 is checked out' '
+	git checkout -b c1 &&
+	git branch c2 &&
+	git branch -C c1 c2 &&
+	test $(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD) = c1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -C c1 c2 should never touch HEAD' '
+	msg="Branch: copied refs/heads/c1 to refs/heads/c2" &&
+	! grep "$msg$" .git/logs/HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -C master should work when master is checked out' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git branch -C master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -C master master should work when master is checked out' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git branch -C master master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -C master5 master5 should work when master is checked out' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git branch master5 &&
+	git branch -C master5 master5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -C ab cd should overwrite existing config for cd' '
+	git branch --create-reflog cd &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/cd &&
+	git config branch.cd.dummy CD &&
+	git branch --create-reflog ab &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/ab &&
+	git config branch.ab.dummy AB &&
+	git branch -C ab cd &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/ab &&
+	git reflog exists refs/heads/cd &&
+	test $(git config branch.ab.dummy) = AB &&
+	test $(git config branch.cd.dummy) = AB
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -c correctly copies multiple config sections' '
+	FOO=1 &&
+	export FOO &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	git checkout -b source2 master &&
+
+	# Assert that a config file with multiple config sections has
+	# those sections preserved...
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	branch.source2.key1=value1
+	branch.dest2.key1=value1
+	more.gar.b=age
+	branch.source2.key2=value2
+	branch.dest2.key2=value2
+	EOF
+	cat >config.branch <<\EOF &&
+;; Note the lack of -\EOF above & mixed indenting here. This is
+;; intentional, we are also testing that the formatting of copied
+;; sections is preserved.
+
+;; Comment for source2. Tabs
+[branch "source2"]
+	;; Comment for the source2 value
+	key1 = value1
+;; Comment for more.gar. Spaces
+[more "gar"]
+    ;; Comment for the more.gar value
+    b = age
+;; Comment for source2, again. Mixed tabs/spaces.
+[branch "source2"]
+    ;; Comment for the source2 value, again
+	key2 = value2
+EOF
+	cat config.branch >>.git/config &&
+	git branch -c source2 dest2 &&
+	git config -f .git/config -l | grep -F -e source2 -e dest2 -e more.gar >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# ...and that the comments and formatting for those sections
+	# is also preserved.
+	cat >expect <<\EOF &&
+;; Comment for source2. Tabs
+[branch "source2"]
+	;; Comment for the source2 value
+	key1 = value1
+;; Comment for more.gar. Spaces
+[branch "dest2"]
+	;; Comment for the source2 value
+	key1 = value1
+;; Comment for more.gar. Spaces
+[more "gar"]
+    ;; Comment for the more.gar value
+    b = age
+;; Comment for source2, again. Mixed tabs/spaces.
+[branch "source2"]
+    ;; Comment for the source2 value, again
+	key2 = value2
+[branch "dest2"]
+    ;; Comment for the source2 value, again
+	key2 = value2
+EOF
+	sed -n -e "/Comment for source2/,\$p" .git/config >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'deleting a symref' '
@@ -317,7 +685,7 @@ test_expect_success 'renaming a symref is not allowed' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'git branch -m u v should fail when the reflog for u is a symlink' '
-	git branch -l u &&
+	git branch --create-reflog u &&
 	mv .git/logs/refs/heads/u real-u &&
 	ln -s real-u .git/logs/refs/heads/u &&
 	test_must_fail git branch -m u v
@@ -403,6 +771,12 @@ test_expect_success 'test deleting branch without config' '
 	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'deleting currently checked out branch fails' '
+	git worktree add -b my7 my7 &&
+	test_must_fail git -C my7 branch -d my7 &&
+	test_must_fail git branch -d my7
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'test --track without .fetch entries' '
 	git branch --track my8 &&
 	test "$(git config branch.my8.remote)" &&
@@ -446,6 +820,13 @@ test_expect_success '--set-upstream-to fails on a non-ref' '
 	test_must_fail git branch --set-upstream-to HEAD^{}
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--set-upstream-to fails on locked config' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/config.lock" &&
+	>.git/config.lock &&
+	git branch locked &&
+	test_must_fail git branch --set-upstream-to locked
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'use --set-upstream-to modify HEAD' '
 	test_config branch.master.remote foo &&
 	test_config branch.master.merge foo &&
@@ -458,6 +839,7 @@ test_expect_success 'use --set-upstream-to modify HEAD' '
 test_expect_success 'use --set-upstream-to modify a particular branch' '
 	git branch my13 &&
 	git branch --set-upstream-to master my13 &&
+	test_when_finished "git branch --unset-upstream my13" &&
 	test "$(git config branch.my13.remote)" = "." &&
 	test "$(git config branch.my13.merge)" = "refs/heads/master"
 '
@@ -466,6 +848,13 @@ test_expect_success '--unset-upstream should fail if given a non-existent branch
 	test_must_fail git branch --unset-upstream i-dont-exist
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--unset-upstream should fail if config is locked' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/config.lock" &&
+	git branch --set-upstream-to locked &&
+	>.git/config.lock &&
+	test_must_fail git branch --unset-upstream
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'test --unset-upstream on HEAD' '
 	git branch my14 &&
 	test_config branch.master.remote foo &&
@@ -496,38 +885,8 @@ test_expect_success 'test --unset-upstream on a particular branch' '
 	test_must_fail git config branch.my14.merge
 '
 
-test_expect_success '--set-upstream shows message when creating a new branch that exists as remote-tracking' '
-	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master HEAD &&
-	git branch --set-upstream origin/master 2>actual &&
-	test_when_finished git update-ref -d refs/remotes/origin/master &&
-	test_when_finished git branch -d origin/master &&
-	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --track or --set-upstream-to
-
-If you wanted to make '"'master'"' track '"'origin/master'"', do this:
-
-    git branch -d origin/master
-    git branch --set-upstream-to origin/master
-EOF
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success '--set-upstream with two args only shows the deprecation message' '
-	git branch --set-upstream master my13 2>actual &&
-	test_when_finished git branch --unset-upstream master &&
-	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --track or --set-upstream-to
-EOF
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success '--set-upstream with one arg only shows the deprecation message if the branch existed' '
-	git branch --set-upstream my13 2>actual &&
-	test_when_finished git branch --unset-upstream my13 &&
-	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --track or --set-upstream-to
-EOF
-	test_cmp expected actual
+test_expect_success 'disabled option --set-upstream fails' '
+    test_must_fail git branch --set-upstream origin/master
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--set-upstream-to notices an error to set branch as own upstream' '
@@ -542,7 +901,7 @@ test_expect_success '--set-upstream-to notices an error to set branch as own ups
 
 # Keep this test last, as it changes the current branch
 cat >expect <<EOF
-$_z40 $HEAD $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150200 +0000	branch: Created from master
+$ZERO_OID $HEAD $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150200 +0000	branch: Created from master
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'git checkout -b g/h/i -l should create a branch and a log' '
 	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" \
@@ -579,7 +938,7 @@ test_expect_success 'avoid ambiguous track' '
 	git config remote.ambi1.fetch refs/heads/lalala:refs/heads/master &&
 	git config remote.ambi2.url lilili &&
 	git config remote.ambi2.fetch refs/heads/lilili:refs/heads/master &&
-	git branch all1 master &&
+	test_must_fail git branch all1 master &&
 	test -z "$(git config branch.all1.merge)"
 '
 
@@ -852,19 +1211,6 @@ test_expect_success 'attempt to delete a branch merged to its base' '
 	test_must_fail git branch -d my10
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'use set-upstream on the current branch' '
-	git checkout master &&
-	git --bare init myupstream.git &&
-	git push myupstream.git master:refs/heads/frotz &&
-	git remote add origin myupstream.git &&
-	git fetch &&
-	git branch --set-upstream master origin/frotz &&
-
-	test "z$(git config branch.master.remote)" = "zorigin" &&
-	test "z$(git config branch.master.merge)" = "zrefs/heads/frotz"
-
-'
-
 test_expect_success 'use --edit-description' '
 	write_script editor <<-\EOF &&
 		echo "New contents" >"$1"
@@ -897,6 +1243,33 @@ test_expect_success '--merged catches invalid object names' '
 	test_must_fail git branch --merged 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--merged is incompatible with --no-merged' '
+	test_must_fail git branch --merged HEAD --no-merged HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--list during rebase' '
+	test_when_finished "reset_rebase" &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 edit 2" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD~2 &&
+	git branch --list >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "rebasing master" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--list during rebase from detached HEAD' '
+	test_when_finished "reset_rebase && git checkout master" &&
+	git checkout master^0 &&
+	oid=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 edit 2" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD~2 &&
+	git branch --list >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "rebasing detached HEAD $oid" actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'tracking with unexpected .fetch refspec' '
 	rm -rf a b c d &&
 	git init a &&
@@ -932,4 +1305,50 @@ test_expect_success 'tracking with unexpected .fetch refspec' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'configured committerdate sort' '
+	git init sort &&
+	(
+		cd sort &&
+		git config branch.sort committerdate &&
+		test_commit initial &&
+		git checkout -b a &&
+		test_commit a &&
+		git checkout -b c &&
+		test_commit c &&
+		git checkout -b b &&
+		test_commit b &&
+		git branch >actual &&
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		  master
+		  a
+		  c
+		* b
+		EOF
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'option override configured sort' '
+	(
+		cd sort &&
+		git config branch.sort committerdate &&
+		git branch --sort=refname >actual &&
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		  a
+		* b
+		  c
+		  master
+		EOF
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'invalid sort parameter in configuration' '
+	(
+		cd sort &&
+		git config branch.sort "v:notvalid" &&
+		test_must_fail git branch
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3201-branch-contains.sh b/t/t3201-branch-contains.sh
index 912a6635a8..0ea4fc4694 100755
--- a/t/t3201-branch-contains.sh
+++ b/t/t3201-branch-contains.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='branch --contains <commit>, --merged, and --no-merged'
+test_description='branch --contains <commit>, --no-contains <commit> --merged, and --no-merged'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
@@ -45,6 +45,20 @@ test_expect_success 'branch --contains master' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'branch --no-contains=master' '
+
+	git branch --no-contains=master >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch --no-contains master' '
+
+	git branch --no-contains master >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'branch --contains=side' '
 
 	git branch --contains=side >actual &&
@@ -55,6 +69,16 @@ test_expect_success 'branch --contains=side' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'branch --no-contains=side' '
+
+	git branch --no-contains=side >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "  master"
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'branch --contains with pattern implies --list' '
 
 	git branch --contains=master master >actual &&
@@ -65,6 +89,13 @@ test_expect_success 'branch --contains with pattern implies --list' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'branch --no-contains with pattern implies --list' '
+
+	git branch --no-contains=master master >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'side: branch --merged' '
 
 	git branch --merged >actual &&
@@ -89,8 +120,7 @@ test_expect_success 'branch --merged with pattern implies --list' '
 test_expect_success 'side: branch --no-merged' '
 
 	git branch --no-merged >actual &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 
 '
 
@@ -118,16 +148,27 @@ test_expect_success 'master: branch --no-merged' '
 test_expect_success 'branch --no-merged with pattern implies --list' '
 
 	git branch --no-merged=master master >actual &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'implicit --list conflicts with modification options' '
 
 	test_must_fail git branch --contains=master -d &&
-	test_must_fail git branch --contains=master -m foo
+	test_must_fail git branch --contains=master -m foo &&
+	test_must_fail git branch --no-contains=master -d &&
+	test_must_fail git branch --no-contains=master -m foo
+
+'
 
+test_expect_success 'Assert that --contains only works on commits, not trees & blobs' '
+	test_must_fail git branch --contains master^{tree} &&
+	blob=$(git hash-object -w --stdin <<-\EOF
+	Some blob
+	EOF
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git branch --contains $blob &&
+	test_must_fail git branch --no-contains $blob
 '
 
 # We want to set up a case where the walk for the tracking info
@@ -156,7 +197,18 @@ test_expect_success 'branch --merged with --verbose' '
 	* topic  2c939f4 [ahead 1] foo
 	  zzz    c77a0a9 second on master
 	EOF
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch --contains combined with --no-contains' '
+	git branch --contains zzz --no-contains topic >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	  master
+	  side
+	  zzz
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual
+
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3202-show-branch-octopus.sh b/t/t3202-show-branch-octopus.sh
index 0a5d5e669f..6adf47869c 100755
--- a/t/t3202-show-branch-octopus.sh
+++ b/t/t3202-show-branch-octopus.sh
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 		> file$i &&
 		git add file$i &&
 		test_tick &&
-		git commit -m branch$i || break
+		git commit -m branch$i || return 1
 	done
 
 '
diff --git a/t/t3203-branch-output.sh b/t/t3203-branch-output.sh
index ba4f98e800..ee6787614c 100755
--- a/t/t3203-branch-output.sh
+++ b/t/t3203-branch-output.sh
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 test_description='git branch display tests'
 . ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'make commits' '
 	echo content >file &&
@@ -89,6 +90,11 @@ test_expect_success 'git branch --list -v pattern shows branch summaries' '
 	awk "{print \$NF}" <tmp >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
+test_expect_success 'git branch --ignore-case --list -v pattern shows branch summaries' '
+	git branch --list --ignore-case -v BRANCH* >tmp &&
+	awk "{print \$NF}" <tmp >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'git branch -v pattern does not show branch summaries' '
 	test_must_fail git branch -v branch*
@@ -96,7 +102,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git branch -v pattern does not show branch summaries' '
 
 test_expect_success 'git branch shows detached HEAD properly' '
 	cat >expect <<EOF &&
-* (detached from $(git rev-parse --short HEAD^0))
+* (HEAD detached at $(git rev-parse --short HEAD^0))
   branch-one
   branch-two
   master
@@ -106,4 +112,156 @@ EOF
 	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git branch shows detached HEAD properly after checkout --detach' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	cat >expect <<EOF &&
+* (HEAD detached at $(git rev-parse --short HEAD^0))
+  branch-one
+  branch-two
+  master
+EOF
+	git checkout --detach &&
+	git branch >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch shows detached HEAD properly after moving' '
+	cat >expect <<EOF &&
+* (HEAD detached from $(git rev-parse --short HEAD))
+  branch-one
+  branch-two
+  master
+EOF
+	git reset --hard HEAD^1 &&
+	git branch >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch shows detached HEAD properly from tag' '
+	cat >expect <<EOF &&
+* (HEAD detached at fromtag)
+  branch-one
+  branch-two
+  master
+EOF
+	git tag fromtag master &&
+	git checkout fromtag &&
+	git branch >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch shows detached HEAD properly after moving from tag' '
+	cat >expect <<EOF &&
+* (HEAD detached from fromtag)
+  branch-one
+  branch-two
+  master
+EOF
+	git reset --hard HEAD^1 &&
+	git branch >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch `--sort` option' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	* (HEAD detached from fromtag)
+	  branch-two
+	  branch-one
+	  master
+	EOF
+	git branch --sort=objectsize >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch --points-at option' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	  branch-one
+	  master
+	EOF
+	git branch --points-at=branch-one >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ambiguous branch/tag not marked' '
+	git tag ambiguous &&
+	git branch ambiguous &&
+	echo "  ambiguous" >expect &&
+	git branch --list ambiguous >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'local-branch symrefs shortened properly' '
+	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/ref-to-branch refs/heads/branch-one &&
+	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/ref-to-remote refs/remotes/origin/branch-one &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	  ref-to-branch -> branch-one
+	  ref-to-remote -> origin/branch-one
+	EOF
+	git branch >actual.raw &&
+	grep ref-to <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sort branches, ignore case' '
+	(
+		git init sort-icase &&
+		cd sort-icase &&
+		test_commit initial &&
+		git branch branch-one &&
+		git branch BRANCH-two &&
+		git branch --list | awk "{print \$NF}" >actual &&
+		cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+		BRANCH-two
+		branch-one
+		master
+		EOF
+		test_cmp expected actual &&
+		git branch --list -i | awk "{print \$NF}" >actual &&
+		cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+		branch-one
+		BRANCH-two
+		master
+		EOF
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch --format option' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	Refname is (HEAD detached from fromtag)
+	Refname is refs/heads/ambiguous
+	Refname is refs/heads/branch-one
+	Refname is refs/heads/branch-two
+	Refname is refs/heads/master
+	Refname is refs/heads/ref-to-branch
+	Refname is refs/heads/ref-to-remote
+	EOF
+	git branch --format="Refname is %(refname)" >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "set up color tests" '
+	echo "<RED>master<RESET>" >expect.color &&
+	echo "master" >expect.bare &&
+	color_args="--format=%(color:red)%(refname:short) --list master"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(color) omitted without tty' '
+	TERM=vt100 git branch $color_args >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.bare actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY '%(color) present with tty' '
+	test_terminal git branch $color_args >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.color actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--color overrides auto-color' '
+	git branch --color $color_args >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.color actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3204-branch-name-interpretation.sh b/t/t3204-branch-name-interpretation.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..698d9cc4f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3204-branch-name-interpretation.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='interpreting exotic branch name arguments
+
+Branch name arguments are usually names which are taken to be inside of
+refs/heads/, but we interpret some magic syntax like @{-1}, @{upstream}, etc.
+This script aims to check the behavior of those corner cases.
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+expect_branch() {
+	git log -1 --format=%s "$1" >actual &&
+	echo "$2" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+expect_deleted() {
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify "$1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'set up repo' '
+	test_commit one &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	git remote add origin foo.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update branch via @{-1}' '
+	git branch previous one &&
+
+	git checkout previous &&
+	git checkout master &&
+
+	git branch -f @{-1} two &&
+	expect_branch previous two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update branch via local @{upstream}' '
+	git branch local one &&
+	git branch --set-upstream-to=local &&
+
+	git branch -f @{upstream} two &&
+	expect_branch local two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'disallow updating branch via remote @{upstream}' '
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/remote one &&
+	git branch --set-upstream-to=origin/remote &&
+
+	test_must_fail git branch -f @{upstream} two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create branch with pseudo-qualified name' '
+	git branch refs/heads/qualified two &&
+	expect_branch refs/heads/refs/heads/qualified two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'delete branch via @{-1}' '
+	git branch previous-del &&
+
+	git checkout previous-del &&
+	git checkout master &&
+
+	git branch -D @{-1} &&
+	expect_deleted previous-del
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'delete branch via local @{upstream}' '
+	git branch local-del &&
+	git branch --set-upstream-to=local-del &&
+
+	git branch -D @{upstream} &&
+	expect_deleted local-del
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'delete branch via remote @{upstream}' '
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/remote-del two &&
+	git branch --set-upstream-to=origin/remote-del &&
+
+	git branch -r -D @{upstream} &&
+	expect_deleted origin/remote-del
+'
+
+# Note that we create two oddly named local branches here. We want to make
+# sure that we do not accidentally delete either of them, even if
+# shorten_unambiguous_ref() tweaks the name to avoid ambiguity.
+test_expect_success 'delete @{upstream} expansion matches -r option' '
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/remote-del two &&
+	git branch --set-upstream-to=origin/remote-del &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/origin/remote-del two &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/remotes/origin/remote-del two &&
+
+	test_must_fail git branch -D @{upstream} &&
+	expect_branch refs/heads/origin/remote-del two &&
+	expect_branch refs/heads/remotes/origin/remote-del two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'disallow deleting remote branch via @{-1}' '
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/previous one &&
+
+	git checkout -b origin/previous two &&
+	git checkout master &&
+
+	test_must_fail git branch -r -D @{-1} &&
+	expect_branch refs/remotes/origin/previous one &&
+	expect_branch refs/heads/origin/previous two
+'
+
+# The thing we are testing here is that "@" is the real branch refs/heads/@,
+# and not refs/heads/HEAD. These tests should not imply that refs/heads/@ is a
+# sane thing, but it _is_ technically allowed for now. If we disallow it, these
+# can be switched to test_must_fail.
+test_expect_success 'create branch named "@"' '
+	git branch -f @ one &&
+	expect_branch refs/heads/@ one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'delete branch named "@"' '
+	git update-ref refs/heads/@ two &&
+	git branch -D @ &&
+	expect_deleted refs/heads/@
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout does not treat remote @{upstream} as a branch' '
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/checkout one &&
+	git branch --set-upstream-to=origin/checkout &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/origin/checkout two &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/remotes/origin/checkout two &&
+
+	git checkout @{upstream} &&
+	expect_branch HEAD one
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3205-branch-color.sh b/t/t3205-branch-color.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4f1e16bb44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3205-branch-color.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='basic branch output coloring'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'set up some sample branches' '
+	test_commit foo &&
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master HEAD &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/other HEAD
+'
+
+# choose non-default colors to make sure config
+# is taking effect
+test_expect_success 'set up some color config' '
+	git config color.branch.local blue &&
+	git config color.branch.remote yellow &&
+	git config color.branch.current cyan
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'regular output shows colors' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	* <CYAN>master<RESET>
+	  <BLUE>other<RESET>
+	  <YELLOW>remotes/origin/master<RESET>
+	EOF
+	git branch --color -a >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verbose output shows colors' '
+	oid=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	* <CYAN>master               <RESET> $oid foo
+	  <BLUE>other                <RESET> $oid foo
+	  <YELLOW>remotes/origin/master<RESET> $oid foo
+	EOF
+	git branch --color -v -a >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3206-range-diff.sh b/t/t3206-range-diff.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2237c7f4af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3206-range-diff.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='range-diff tests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Note that because of the range-diff's heuristics, test_commit does more
+# harm than good.  We need some real history.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	git fast-import < "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3206/history.export
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'simple A..B A..C (unmodified)' '
+	git range-diff --no-color master..topic master..unmodified \
+		>actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	1:  4de457d = 1:  35b9b25 s/5/A/
+	2:  fccce22 = 2:  de345ab s/4/A/
+	3:  147e64e = 3:  9af6654 s/11/B/
+	4:  a63e992 = 4:  2901f77 s/12/B/
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'simple B...C (unmodified)' '
+	git range-diff --no-color topic...unmodified >actual &&
+	# same "expected" as above
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'simple A B C (unmodified)' '
+	git range-diff --no-color master topic unmodified >actual &&
+	# same "expected" as above
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'trivial reordering' '
+	git range-diff --no-color master topic reordered >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	1:  4de457d = 1:  aca177a s/5/A/
+	3:  147e64e = 2:  14ad629 s/11/B/
+	4:  a63e992 = 3:  ee58208 s/12/B/
+	2:  fccce22 = 4:  307b27a s/4/A/
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'removed a commit' '
+	git range-diff --no-color master topic removed >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	1:  4de457d = 1:  7657159 s/5/A/
+	2:  fccce22 < -:  ------- s/4/A/
+	3:  147e64e = 2:  43d84d3 s/11/B/
+	4:  a63e992 = 3:  a740396 s/12/B/
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'added a commit' '
+	git range-diff --no-color master topic added >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	1:  4de457d = 1:  2716022 s/5/A/
+	2:  fccce22 = 2:  b62accd s/4/A/
+	-:  ------- > 3:  df46cfa s/6/A/
+	3:  147e64e = 4:  3e64548 s/11/B/
+	4:  a63e992 = 5:  12b4063 s/12/B/
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'new base, A B C' '
+	git range-diff --no-color master topic rebased >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	1:  4de457d = 1:  cc9c443 s/5/A/
+	2:  fccce22 = 2:  c5d9641 s/4/A/
+	3:  147e64e = 3:  28cc2b6 s/11/B/
+	4:  a63e992 = 4:  5628ab7 s/12/B/
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'new base, B...C' '
+	# this syntax includes the commits from master!
+	git range-diff --no-color topic...rebased >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	-:  ------- > 1:  a31b12e unrelated
+	1:  4de457d = 2:  cc9c443 s/5/A/
+	2:  fccce22 = 3:  c5d9641 s/4/A/
+	3:  147e64e = 4:  28cc2b6 s/11/B/
+	4:  a63e992 = 5:  5628ab7 s/12/B/
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'changed commit' '
+	git range-diff --no-color topic...changed >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	1:  4de457d = 1:  a4b3333 s/5/A/
+	2:  fccce22 = 2:  f51d370 s/4/A/
+	3:  147e64e ! 3:  0559556 s/11/B/
+	    @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
+	      9
+	      10
+	     -11
+	    -+B
+	    ++BB
+	      12
+	      13
+	      14
+	4:  a63e992 ! 4:  d966c5c s/12/B/
+	    @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
+	     @@
+	      9
+	      10
+	    - B
+	    + BB
+	     -12
+	     +B
+	      13
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'changed message' '
+	git range-diff --no-color topic...changed-message >actual &&
+	sed s/Z/\ /g >expected <<-EOF &&
+	1:  4de457d = 1:  f686024 s/5/A/
+	2:  fccce22 ! 2:  4ab067d s/4/A/
+	    @@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
+	    Z
+	    Z    s/4/A/
+	    Z
+	    +    Also a silly comment here!
+	    +
+	    Zdiff --git a/file b/file
+	    Z--- a/file
+	    Z+++ b/file
+	3:  147e64e = 3:  b9cb956 s/11/B/
+	4:  a63e992 = 4:  8add5f1 s/12/B/
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3206/history.export b/t/t3206/history.export
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b8ffff0940
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3206/history.export
@@ -0,0 +1,604 @@
+blob
+mark :1
+data 51
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6
+7
+8
+9
+10
+11
+12
+13
+14
+15
+16
+17
+18
+19
+20
+
+reset refs/heads/removed
+commit refs/heads/removed
+mark :2
+author Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch> 1374424921 +0200
+committer Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch> 1374484724 +0200
+data 8
+initial
+M 100644 :1 file
+
+blob
+mark :3
+data 51
+1
+2
+3
+4
+A
+6
+7
+8
+9
+10
+11
+12
+13
+14
+15
+16
+17
+18
+19
+20
+
+commit refs/heads/topic
+mark :4
+author Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch> 1374485014 +0200
+committer Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch> 1374485014 +0200
+data 7
+s/5/A/
+from :2
+M 100644 :3 file
+
+blob
+mark :5
+data 51
+1
+2
+3
+A
+A
+6
+7
+8
+9
+10
+11
+12
+13
+14
+15
+16
+17
+18
+19
+20
+
+commit refs/heads/topic
+mark :6
+author Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch> 1374485024 +0200
+committer Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch> 1374485024 +0200
+data 7
+s/4/A/
+from :4
+M 100644 :5 file
+
+blob
+mark :7
+data 50
+1
+2
+3
+A
+A
+6
+7
+8
+9
+10
+B
+12
+13
+14
+15
+16
+17
+18
+19
+20
+
+commit refs/heads/topic
+mark :8
+author Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch> 1374485036 +0200
+committer Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch> 1374485036 +0200
+data 8
+s/11/B/
+from :6
+M 100644 :7 file
+
+blob
+mark :9
+data 49
+1
+2
+3
+A
+A
+6
+7
+8
+9
+10
+B
+B
+13
+14
+15
+16
+17
+18
+19
+20
+
+commit refs/heads/topic
+mark :10
+author Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch> 1374485044 +0200
+committer Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch> 1374485044 +0200
+data 8
+s/12/B/
+from :8
+M 100644 :9 file
+
+blob
+mark :11
+data 10
+unrelated
+
+commit refs/heads/master
+mark :12
+author Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch> 1374485127 +0200
+committer Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch> 1374485127 +0200
+data 10
+unrelated
+from :2
+M 100644 :11 otherfile
+
+commit refs/heads/rebased
+mark :13
+author Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch> 1374485014 +0200
+committer Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch> 1374485137 +0200
+data 7
+s/5/A/
+from :12
+M 100644 :3 file
+
+commit refs/heads/rebased
+mark :14
+author Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch> 1374485024 +0200
+committer Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch> 1374485138 +0200
+data 7
+s/4/A/
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+M 100644 :9 file
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+commit refs/heads/removed
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+
diff --git a/t/t3210-pack-refs.sh b/t/t3210-pack-refs.sh
index aa9eb3a3e5..9ea5fa4fd2 100755
--- a/t/t3210-pack-refs.sh
+++ b/t/t3210-pack-refs.sh
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ SHA1=
 test_expect_success \
     'see if git show-ref works as expected' \
     'git branch a &&
-     SHA1=`cat .git/refs/heads/a` &&
+     SHA1=$(cat .git/refs/heads/a) &&
      echo "$SHA1 refs/heads/a" >expect &&
      git show-ref a >result &&
      test_cmp expect result'
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ test_expect_success 'explicit pack-refs with dangling packed reference' '
 	git reflog expire --expire=all --all &&
 	git prune --expire=all &&
 	git pack-refs --all 2>result &&
-	test_cmp /dev/null result
+	test_must_be_empty result
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'delete ref with dangling packed version' '
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ test_expect_success 'delete ref with dangling packed version' '
 	git reflog expire --expire=all --all &&
 	git prune --expire=all &&
 	git branch -d lamb 2>result &&
-	test_cmp /dev/null result
+	test_must_be_empty result
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'delete ref while another dangling packed ref' '
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ test_expect_success 'delete ref while another dangling packed ref' '
 	git reflog expire --expire=all --all &&
 	git prune --expire=all &&
 	git branch -d lamb 2>result &&
-	test_cmp /dev/null result
+	test_must_be_empty result
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pack ref directly below refs/' '
@@ -160,6 +160,13 @@ test_expect_success 'pack ref directly below refs/' '
 	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/top
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'do not pack ref in refs/bisect' '
+	git update-ref refs/bisect/local HEAD &&
+	git pack-refs --all --prune &&
+	! grep refs/bisect/local .git/packed-refs >/dev/null &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/refs/bisect/local
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'disable reflogs' '
 	git config core.logallrefupdates false &&
 	rm -rf .git/logs
@@ -169,7 +176,7 @@ test_expect_success 'create packed foo/bar/baz branch' '
 	git branch foo/bar/baz &&
 	git pack-refs --all --prune &&
 	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/foo/bar/baz &&
-	test_path_is_missing .git/logs/refs/heads/foo/bar/baz
+	test_must_fail git reflog exists refs/heads/foo/bar/baz
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'notice d/f conflict with existing directory' '
@@ -179,7 +186,7 @@ test_expect_success 'notice d/f conflict with existing directory' '
 
 test_expect_success 'existing directory reports concrete ref' '
 	test_must_fail git branch foo 2>stderr &&
-	grep refs/heads/foo/bar/baz stderr
+	test_i18ngrep refs/heads/foo/bar/baz stderr
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'notice d/f conflict with existing ref' '
@@ -187,4 +194,63 @@ test_expect_success 'notice d/f conflict with existing ref' '
 	test_must_fail git branch foo/bar/baz/lots/of/extra/components
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'reject packed-refs with unterminated line' '
+	cp .git/packed-refs .git/packed-refs.bak &&
+	test_when_finished "mv .git/packed-refs.bak .git/packed-refs" &&
+	printf "%s" "$HEAD refs/zzzzz" >>.git/packed-refs &&
+	echo "fatal: unterminated line in .git/packed-refs: $HEAD refs/zzzzz" >expected_err &&
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref >out 2>err &&
+	test_cmp expected_err err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reject packed-refs containing junk' '
+	cp .git/packed-refs .git/packed-refs.bak &&
+	test_when_finished "mv .git/packed-refs.bak .git/packed-refs" &&
+	printf "%s\n" "bogus content" >>.git/packed-refs &&
+	echo "fatal: unexpected line in .git/packed-refs: bogus content" >expected_err &&
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref >out 2>err &&
+	test_cmp expected_err err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reject packed-refs with a short SHA-1' '
+	cp .git/packed-refs .git/packed-refs.bak &&
+	test_when_finished "mv .git/packed-refs.bak .git/packed-refs" &&
+	printf "%.7s %s\n" $HEAD refs/zzzzz >>.git/packed-refs &&
+	printf "fatal: unexpected line in .git/packed-refs: %.7s %s\n" $HEAD refs/zzzzz >expected_err &&
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref >out 2>err &&
+	test_cmp expected_err err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'timeout if packed-refs.lock exists' '
+	LOCK=.git/packed-refs.lock &&
+	>"$LOCK" &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f $LOCK" &&
+	test_must_fail git pack-refs --all --prune
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'retry acquiring packed-refs.lock' '
+	LOCK=.git/packed-refs.lock &&
+	>"$LOCK" &&
+	test_when_finished "wait && rm -f $LOCK" &&
+	{
+		( sleep 1 && rm -f $LOCK ) &
+	} &&
+	git -c core.packedrefstimeout=3000 pack-refs --all --prune
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'pack symlinked packed-refs' '
+	# First make sure that symlinking works when reading:
+	git update-ref refs/heads/loosy refs/heads/master &&
+	git for-each-ref >all-refs-before &&
+	mv .git/packed-refs .git/my-deviant-packed-refs &&
+	ln -s my-deviant-packed-refs .git/packed-refs &&
+	git for-each-ref >all-refs-linked &&
+	test_cmp all-refs-before all-refs-linked &&
+	git pack-refs --all --prune &&
+	git for-each-ref >all-refs-packed &&
+	test_cmp all-refs-before all-refs-packed &&
+	test -h .git/packed-refs &&
+	test "$(readlink .git/packed-refs)" = "my-deviant-packed-refs"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3300-funny-names.sh b/t/t3300-funny-names.sh
index 9a146f1335..04de03cad0 100755
--- a/t/t3300-funny-names.sh
+++ b/t/t3300-funny-names.sh
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ tree, index, and tree objects.
 
 HT='	'
 
+test_have_prereq MINGW ||
 echo 2>/dev/null > "Name with an${HT}HT"
 if ! test -f "Name with an${HT}HT"
 then
diff --git a/t/t3301-notes.sh b/t/t3301-notes.sh
index 8cffd35fb0..84bbf88cf9 100755
--- a/t/t3301-notes.sh
+++ b/t/t3301-notes.sh
@@ -83,6 +83,16 @@ test_expect_success 'edit existing notes' '
 	test_must_fail git notes show HEAD^
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'show notes from treeish' '
+	test "b3" = "$(git notes --ref commits^{tree} show)" &&
+	test "b4" = "$(git notes --ref commits@{1} show)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cannot edit notes from non-ref' '
+	test_must_fail git notes --ref commits^{tree} edit &&
+	test_must_fail git notes --ref commits@{1} edit
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'cannot "git notes add -m" where notes already exists' '
 	test_must_fail git notes add -m "b2" &&
 	test_path_is_missing .git/NOTES_EDITMSG &&
@@ -471,10 +481,8 @@ test_expect_success 'list specific note with "git notes list <object>"' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'listing non-existing notes fails' '
-	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
-	EOF
 	test_must_fail git notes list HEAD >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'append to existing note with "git notes append"' '
@@ -904,7 +912,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git notes copy --stdin' '
 		${indent}
 		${indent}yet another note
 	EOF
-	(echo $(git rev-parse HEAD~3) $(git rev-parse HEAD^); \
+	(echo $(git rev-parse HEAD~3) $(git rev-parse HEAD^) &&
 	echo $(git rev-parse HEAD~2) $(git rev-parse HEAD)) |
 	git notes copy --stdin &&
 	git log -2 >actual &&
@@ -929,7 +937,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git notes copy --for-rewrite (unconfigured)' '
 	EOF
 	test_commit 14th &&
 	test_commit 15th &&
-	(echo $(git rev-parse HEAD~3) $(git rev-parse HEAD^); \
+	(echo $(git rev-parse HEAD~3) $(git rev-parse HEAD^) &&
 	echo $(git rev-parse HEAD~2) $(git rev-parse HEAD)) |
 	git notes copy --for-rewrite=foo &&
 	git log -2 >actual &&
@@ -962,7 +970,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git notes copy --for-rewrite (enabled)' '
 	EOF
 	test_config notes.rewriteMode overwrite &&
 	test_config notes.rewriteRef "refs/notes/*" &&
-	(echo $(git rev-parse HEAD~3) $(git rev-parse HEAD^); \
+	(echo $(git rev-parse HEAD~3) $(git rev-parse HEAD^) &&
 	echo $(git rev-parse HEAD~2) $(git rev-parse HEAD)) |
 	git notes copy --for-rewrite=foo &&
 	git log -2 >actual &&
@@ -1049,7 +1057,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git notes copy --for-rewrite (append two to one)' '
 	git notes add -f -m"append 2" HEAD^^ &&
 	test_config notes.rewriteMode concatenate &&
 	test_config notes.rewriteRef "refs/notes/*" &&
-	(echo $(git rev-parse HEAD^) $(git rev-parse HEAD);
+	(echo $(git rev-parse HEAD^) $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	echo $(git rev-parse HEAD^^) $(git rev-parse HEAD)) |
 	git notes copy --for-rewrite=foo &&
 	git log -1 >actual &&
@@ -1122,6 +1130,12 @@ test_expect_success 'git notes copy diagnoses too many or too few parameters' '
 	test_must_fail git notes copy one two three
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git notes get-ref expands refs/heads/master to refs/notes/refs/heads/master' '
+	test_unconfig core.notesRef &&
+	sane_unset GIT_NOTES_REF &&
+	test "$(git notes --ref=refs/heads/master get-ref)" = "refs/notes/refs/heads/master"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'git notes get-ref (no overrides)' '
 	test_unconfig core.notesRef &&
 	sane_unset GIT_NOTES_REF &&
diff --git a/t/t3305-notes-fanout.sh b/t/t3305-notes-fanout.sh
index b1ea64b213..54460beec4 100755
--- a/t/t3305-notes-fanout.sh
+++ b/t/t3305-notes-fanout.sh
@@ -51,15 +51,12 @@ test_expect_success 'deleting most notes with git-notes' '
 	num_notes=250 &&
 	i=0 &&
 	git rev-list HEAD |
-	while read sha1
+	while test $i -lt $num_notes && read sha1
 	do
 		i=$(($i + 1)) &&
-		if test $i -gt $num_notes
-		then
-			break
-		fi &&
 		test_tick &&
-		git notes remove "$sha1"
+		git notes remove "$sha1" ||
+		exit 1
 	done
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t3306-notes-prune.sh b/t/t3306-notes-prune.sh
index 86bf909ee3..61748088eb 100755
--- a/t/t3306-notes-prune.sh
+++ b/t/t3306-notes-prune.sh
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup: create a few commits with notes' '
 	git commit -m 3rd &&
 	COMMIT_FILE=.git/objects/5e/e1c35e83ea47cd3cc4f8cbee0568915fbbbd29 &&
 	test -f $COMMIT_FILE &&
-	test-chmtime =+0 $COMMIT_FILE &&
+	test-tool chmtime =+0 $COMMIT_FILE &&
 	git notes add -m "Note #3"
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t3308-notes-merge.sh b/t/t3308-notes-merge.sh
index 24d82b49bb..d60588ec8f 100755
--- a/t/t3308-notes-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t3308-notes-merge.sh
@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git notes add -m "Notes on 1st commit" 1st &&
 	git notes add -m "Notes on 2nd commit" 2nd &&
 	git notes add -m "Notes on 3rd commit" 3rd &&
-	git notes add -m "Notes on 4th commit" 4th
+	git notes add -m "Notes on 4th commit" 4th &&
+	# Copy notes to remote-notes
+	git fetch . refs/notes/*:refs/remote-notes/origin/*
 '
 
 commit_sha1=$(git rev-parse 1st^{commit})
@@ -66,7 +68,9 @@ test_expect_success 'verify initial notes (x)' '
 '
 
 cp expect_notes_x expect_notes_y
+cp expect_notes_x expect_notes_v
 cp expect_log_x expect_log_y
+cp expect_log_x expect_log_v
 
 test_expect_success 'fail to merge empty notes ref into empty notes ref (z => y)' '
 	test_must_fail git -c "core.notesRef=refs/notes/y" notes merge z
@@ -75,7 +79,7 @@ test_expect_success 'fail to merge empty notes ref into empty notes ref (z => y)
 test_expect_success 'fail to merge into various non-notes refs' '
 	test_must_fail git -c "core.notesRef=refs/notes" notes merge x &&
 	test_must_fail git -c "core.notesRef=refs/notes/" notes merge x &&
-	mkdir -p .git/refs/notes/dir &&
+	git update-ref refs/notes/dir/foo HEAD &&
 	test_must_fail git -c "core.notesRef=refs/notes/dir" notes merge x &&
 	test_must_fail git -c "core.notesRef=refs/notes/dir/" notes merge x &&
 	test_must_fail git -c "core.notesRef=refs/heads/master" notes merge x &&
@@ -84,16 +88,12 @@ test_expect_success 'fail to merge into various non-notes refs' '
 	test_must_fail git -c "core.notesRef=refs/notes/foo^{bar" notes merge x
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'fail to merge various non-note-trees' '
-	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/y &&
-	test_must_fail git notes merge refs/notes &&
-	test_must_fail git notes merge refs/notes/ &&
-	test_must_fail git notes merge refs/notes/dir &&
-	test_must_fail git notes merge refs/notes/dir/ &&
-	test_must_fail git notes merge refs/heads/master &&
-	test_must_fail git notes merge x: &&
-	test_must_fail git notes merge x:foo &&
-	test_must_fail git notes merge foo^{bar
+test_expect_success 'merge non-notes ref into empty notes ref (remote-notes/origin/x => v)' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/v &&
+	git notes merge refs/remote-notes/origin/x &&
+	verify_notes v &&
+	# refs/remote-notes/origin/x and v should point to the same notes commit
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/remote-notes/origin/x)" = "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/v)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge notes into empty notes ref (x => y)' '
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ test_expect_success 'merge empty notes ref (z => y)' '
 	git notes add -m "foo" &&
 	git notes remove &&
 	git notes >output_notes_z &&
-	test_cmp /dev/null output_notes_z &&
+	test_must_be_empty output_notes_z &&
 	# Do the merge (z => y)
 	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/y &&
 	git notes merge z &&
diff --git a/t/t3309-notes-merge-auto-resolve.sh b/t/t3309-notes-merge-auto-resolve.sh
index 461fd84755..14c2adf970 100755
--- a/t/t3309-notes-merge-auto-resolve.sh
+++ b/t/t3309-notes-merge-auto-resolve.sh
@@ -298,6 +298,13 @@ test_expect_success 'merge z into y with invalid strategy => Fail/No changes' '
 	verify_notes y y
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'merge z into y with invalid configuration option => Fail/No changes' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/y &&
+	test_must_fail git -c notes.mergeStrategy="foo" notes merge z &&
+	# Verify no changes (y)
+	verify_notes y y
+'
+
 cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_ours
 68b8630d25516028bed862719855b3d6768d7833 $commit_sha15
 5de7ea7ad4f47e7ff91989fb82234634730f75df $commit_sha14
@@ -365,6 +372,28 @@ test_expect_success 'reset to pre-merge state (y)' '
 	verify_notes y y
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'merge z into y with "ours" configuration option => Non-conflicting 3-way merge' '
+	git -c notes.mergeStrategy="ours" notes merge z &&
+	verify_notes y ours
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset to pre-merge state (y)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/y refs/notes/y^1 &&
+	# Verify pre-merge state
+	verify_notes y y
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge z into y with "ours" per-ref configuration option => Non-conflicting 3-way merge' '
+	git -c notes.y.mergeStrategy="ours" notes merge z &&
+	verify_notes y ours
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset to pre-merge state (y)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/y refs/notes/y^1 &&
+	# Verify pre-merge state
+	verify_notes y y
+'
+
 cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_theirs
 9b4b2c61f0615412da3c10f98ff85b57c04ec765 $commit_sha15
 5de7ea7ad4f47e7ff91989fb82234634730f75df $commit_sha14
@@ -432,6 +461,17 @@ test_expect_success 'reset to pre-merge state (y)' '
 	verify_notes y y
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'merge z into y with "theirs" strategy overriding configuration option "ours" => Non-conflicting 3-way merge' '
+	git -c notes.mergeStrategy="ours" notes merge --strategy=theirs z &&
+	verify_notes y theirs
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset to pre-merge state (y)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/y refs/notes/y^1 &&
+	# Verify pre-merge state
+	verify_notes y y
+'
+
 cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_union
 7c4e546efd0fe939f876beb262ece02797880b54 $commit_sha15
 5de7ea7ad4f47e7ff91989fb82234634730f75df $commit_sha14
@@ -505,6 +545,34 @@ test_expect_success 'reset to pre-merge state (y)' '
 	verify_notes y y
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'merge z into y with "union" strategy overriding per-ref configuration => Non-conflicting 3-way merge' '
+	git -c notes.y.mergeStrategy="theirs" notes merge --strategy=union z &&
+	verify_notes y union
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset to pre-merge state (y)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/y refs/notes/y^1 &&
+	# Verify pre-merge state
+	verify_notes y y
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge z into y with "union" per-ref overriding general configuration => Non-conflicting 3-way merge' '
+	git -c notes.y.mergeStrategy="union" -c notes.mergeStrategy="theirs" notes merge z &&
+	verify_notes y union
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset to pre-merge state (y)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/y refs/notes/y^1 &&
+	# Verify pre-merge state
+	verify_notes y y
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge z into y with "manual" per-ref only checks specific ref configuration => Conflicting 3-way merge' '
+	test_must_fail git -c notes.z.mergeStrategy="union" notes merge z &&
+	git notes merge --abort &&
+	verify_notes y y
+'
+
 cat <<EOF | sort >expect_notes_union2
 d682107b8bf7a7aea1e537a8d5cb6a12b60135f1 $commit_sha15
 5de7ea7ad4f47e7ff91989fb82234634730f75df $commit_sha14
@@ -644,4 +712,15 @@ test_expect_success 'merge y into z with "cat_sort_uniq" strategy => Non-conflic
 	verify_notes z cat_sort_uniq
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'reset to pre-merge state (z)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/z refs/notes/z^1 &&
+	# Verify pre-merge state
+	verify_notes z z
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge y into z with "cat_sort_uniq" strategy configuration option => Non-conflicting 3-way merge' '
+	git -c notes.mergeStrategy="cat_sort_uniq" notes merge y &&
+	verify_notes z cat_sort_uniq
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh b/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh
index 195bb97f85..2dea846e25 100755
--- a/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh
+++ b/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh
@@ -176,9 +176,9 @@ git rev-parse refs/notes/z > pre_merge_z
 test_expect_success 'merge z into m (== y) with default ("manual") resolver => Conflicting 3-way merge' '
 	git update-ref refs/notes/m refs/notes/y &&
 	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/m &&
-	test_must_fail git notes merge z >output &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge z >output 2>&1 &&
 	# Output should point to where to resolve conflicts
-	grep -q "\\.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "\\.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE" output &&
 	# Inspect merge conflicts
 	ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE >output_conflicts &&
 	test_cmp expect_conflicts output_conflicts &&
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cannot do merge w/conflicts when previous merge is unfinish
 	test -d .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE &&
 	test_must_fail git notes merge z >output 2>&1 &&
 	# Output should indicate what is wrong
-	grep -q "\\.git/NOTES_MERGE_\\* exists" output
+	test_i18ngrep -q "\\.git/NOTES_MERGE_\\* exists" output
 '
 
 # Setup non-conflicting merge between x and new notes ref w
@@ -314,6 +314,18 @@ y and z notes on 1st commit
 
 EOF
 
+test_expect_success 'do not allow mixing --commit and --abort' '
+	test_must_fail git notes merge --commit --abort
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not allow mixing --commit and --strategy' '
+	test_must_fail git notes merge --commit --strategy theirs
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not allow mixing --abort and --strategy' '
+	test_must_fail git notes merge --abort --strategy theirs
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'finalize conflicting merge (z => m)' '
 	# Resolve conflicts and finalize merge
 	cat >.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$commit_sha1 <<EOF &&
@@ -325,7 +337,7 @@ EOF
 	git notes merge --commit &&
 	# No .git/NOTES_MERGE_* files left
 	test_might_fail ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_* >output 2>/dev/null &&
-	test_cmp /dev/null output &&
+	test_must_be_empty output &&
 	# Merge commit has pre-merge y and pre-merge z as parents
 	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m^1)" = "$(cat pre_merge_y)" &&
 	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m^2)" = "$(cat pre_merge_z)" &&
@@ -367,9 +379,9 @@ git rev-parse refs/notes/z > pre_merge_z
 test_expect_success 'redo merge of z into m (== y) with default ("manual") resolver => Conflicting 3-way merge' '
 	git update-ref refs/notes/m refs/notes/y &&
 	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/m &&
-	test_must_fail git notes merge z >output &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge z >output 2>&1 &&
 	# Output should point to where to resolve conflicts
-	grep -q "\\.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "\\.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE" output &&
 	# Inspect merge conflicts
 	ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE >output_conflicts &&
 	test_cmp expect_conflicts output_conflicts &&
@@ -387,7 +399,7 @@ test_expect_success 'abort notes merge' '
 	git notes merge --abort &&
 	# No .git/NOTES_MERGE_* files left
 	test_might_fail ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_* >output 2>/dev/null &&
-	test_cmp /dev/null output &&
+	test_must_be_empty output &&
 	# m has not moved (still == y)
 	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(cat pre_merge_y)" &&
 	# Verify that other notes refs has not changed (w, x, y and z)
@@ -401,9 +413,9 @@ git rev-parse refs/notes/y > pre_merge_y
 git rev-parse refs/notes/z > pre_merge_z
 
 test_expect_success 'redo merge of z into m (== y) with default ("manual") resolver => Conflicting 3-way merge' '
-	test_must_fail git notes merge z >output &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge z >output 2>&1 &&
 	# Output should point to where to resolve conflicts
-	grep -q "\\.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "\\.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE" output &&
 	# Inspect merge conflicts
 	ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE >output_conflicts &&
 	test_cmp expect_conflicts output_conflicts &&
@@ -454,7 +466,7 @@ EOF
 	git notes merge --commit &&
 	# No .git/NOTES_MERGE_* files left
 	test_might_fail ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_* >output 2>/dev/null &&
-	test_cmp /dev/null output &&
+	test_must_be_empty output &&
 	# Merge commit has pre-merge y and pre-merge z as parents
 	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m^1)" = "$(cat pre_merge_y)" &&
 	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m^2)" = "$(cat pre_merge_z)" &&
@@ -482,9 +494,9 @@ cp expect_log_y expect_log_m
 
 test_expect_success 'redo merge of z into m (== y) with default ("manual") resolver => Conflicting 3-way merge' '
 	git update-ref refs/notes/m refs/notes/y &&
-	test_must_fail git notes merge z >output &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge z >output 2>&1 &&
 	# Output should point to where to resolve conflicts
-	grep -q "\\.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "\\.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE" output &&
 	# Inspect merge conflicts
 	ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE >output_conflicts &&
 	test_cmp expect_conflicts output_conflicts &&
@@ -529,9 +541,9 @@ EOF
 	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/y)" = "$(git rev-parse NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL^1)" &&
 	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" != "$(git rev-parse NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL^1)" &&
 	# Mention refs/notes/m, and its current and expected value in output
-	grep -q "refs/notes/m" output &&
-	grep -q "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" output &&
-	grep -q "$(git rev-parse NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL^1)" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep -q "refs/notes/m" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep -q "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep -q "$(git rev-parse NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL^1)" output &&
 	# Verify that other notes refs has not changed (w, x, y and z)
 	verify_notes w &&
 	verify_notes x &&
@@ -543,7 +555,7 @@ test_expect_success 'resolve situation by aborting the notes merge' '
 	git notes merge --abort &&
 	# No .git/NOTES_MERGE_* files left
 	test_might_fail ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_* >output 2>/dev/null &&
-	test_cmp /dev/null output &&
+	test_must_be_empty output &&
 	# m has not moved (still == w)
 	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/w)" &&
 	# Verify that other notes refs has not changed (w, x, y and z)
diff --git a/t/t3320-notes-merge-worktrees.sh b/t/t3320-notes-merge-worktrees.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..10bfc8b947
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3320-notes-merge-worktrees.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2015 Twitter, Inc
+#
+
+test_description='Test merging of notes trees in multiple worktrees'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup commit' '
+	test_commit tantrum
+'
+
+commit_tantrum=$(git rev-parse tantrum^{commit})
+
+test_expect_success 'setup notes ref (x)' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/x &&
+	git notes add -m "x notes on tantrum" tantrum
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup local branch (y)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/y refs/notes/x &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/y &&
+	git notes remove tantrum
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup remote branch (z)' '
+	git update-ref refs/notes/z refs/notes/x &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/z &&
+	git notes add -f -m "conflicting notes on tantrum" tantrum
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'modify notes ref ourselves (x)' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/x &&
+	git notes add -f -m "more conflicting notes on tantrum" tantrum
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create some new worktrees' '
+	git worktree add -b newbranch worktree master &&
+	git worktree add -b newbranch2 worktree2 master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge z into y fails and sets NOTES_MERGE_REF' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/y &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge z &&
+	echo "ref: refs/notes/y" >expect &&
+	test_cmp .git/NOTES_MERGE_REF expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge z into y while mid-merge in another workdir fails' '
+	(
+		cd worktree &&
+		git config core.notesRef refs/notes/y &&
+		test_must_fail git notes merge z 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep "a notes merge into refs/notes/y is already in-progress at" err
+	) &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/worktrees/worktree/NOTES_MERGE_REF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge z into x while mid-merge on y succeeds' '
+	(
+		cd worktree2 &&
+		git config core.notesRef refs/notes/x &&
+		test_must_fail git notes merge z >out 2>&1 &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Automatic notes merge failed" out &&
+		grep -v "A notes merge into refs/notes/x is already in-progress in" out
+	) &&
+	echo "ref: refs/notes/x" >expect &&
+	test_cmp .git/worktrees/worktree2/NOTES_MERGE_REF expect
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3400-rebase.sh b/t/t3400-rebase.sh
index 47b5682662..3996ee0135 100755
--- a/t/t3400-rebase.sh
+++ b/t/t3400-rebase.sh
@@ -136,8 +136,8 @@ test_expect_success 'setup: recover' '
 test_expect_success 'Show verbose error when HEAD could not be detached' '
 	>B &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase topic 2>output.err >output.out &&
-	grep "The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by checkout:" output.err &&
-	grep B output.err
+	test_i18ngrep "The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by checkout:" output.err &&
+	test_i18ngrep B output.err
 '
 rm -f B
 
@@ -200,10 +200,10 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase -q is quiet' '
 
 test_expect_success 'Rebase a commit that sprinkles CRs in' '
 	(
-		echo "One"
-		echo "TwoQ"
-		echo "Three"
-		echo "FQur"
+		echo "One" &&
+		echo "TwoQ" &&
+		echo "Three" &&
+		echo "FQur" &&
 		echo "Five"
 	) | q_to_cr >CR &&
 	git add CR &&
@@ -255,4 +255,60 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase commit with an ancient timestamp' '
 	grep "author .* 34567 +0600$" actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rebase with "From " line in commit message' '
+	git checkout -b preserve-from master~1 &&
+	cat >From_.msg <<EOF &&
+Somebody embedded an mbox in a commit message
+
+This is from so-and-so:
+
+From a@b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: John Doe <nobody@example.com>
+Date: Sat, 11 Nov 2017 00:00:00 +0000
+Subject: not this message
+
+something
+EOF
+	>From_ &&
+	git add From_ &&
+	git commit -F From_.msg &&
+	git rebase master &&
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >out &&
+	test_cmp From_.msg out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase--am.sh and --show-current-patch' '
+	test_create_repo conflict-apply &&
+	(
+		cd conflict-apply &&
+		test_commit init &&
+		echo one >>init.t &&
+		git commit -a -m one &&
+		echo two >>init.t &&
+		git commit -a -m two &&
+		git tag two &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase --onto init HEAD^ &&
+		GIT_TRACE=1 git rebase --show-current-patch >/dev/null 2>stderr &&
+		grep "show.*$(git rev-parse two)" stderr
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase--merge.sh and --show-current-patch' '
+	test_create_repo conflict-merge &&
+	(
+		cd conflict-merge &&
+		test_commit init &&
+		echo one >>init.t &&
+		git commit -a -m one &&
+		echo two >>init.t &&
+		git commit -a -m two &&
+		git tag two &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase --merge --onto init HEAD^ &&
+		git rebase --show-current-patch >actual.patch &&
+		GIT_TRACE=1 git rebase --show-current-patch >/dev/null 2>stderr &&
+		grep "show.*REBASE_HEAD" stderr &&
+		test "$(git rev-parse REBASE_HEAD)" = "$(git rev-parse two)"
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3401-rebase-and-am-rename.sh b/t/t3401-rebase-and-am-rename.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..8f832957fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3401-rebase-and-am-rename.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git rebase + directory rename tests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-rebase.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup testcase' '
+	test_create_repo dir-rename &&
+	(
+		cd dir-rename &&
+
+		mkdir x &&
+		test_seq  1 10 >x/a &&
+		test_seq 11 20 >x/b &&
+		test_seq 21 30 >x/c &&
+		test_write_lines a b c d e f g h i >l &&
+		git add x l &&
+		git commit -m "Initial" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv x y &&
+		git mv l letters &&
+		git commit -m "Rename x to y, l to letters" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		echo j >>l &&
+		test_seq 31 40 >x/d &&
+		git add l x/d &&
+		git commit -m "Modify l, add x/d"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --interactive: directory rename detected' '
+	(
+		cd dir-rename &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+
+		set_fake_editor &&
+		FAKE_LINES="1" git rebase --interactive A &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 5 out &&
+
+		test_path_is_file y/d &&
+		test_path_is_missing x/d
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'rebase (am): directory rename detected' '
+	(
+		cd dir-rename &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+
+		git rebase A &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 5 out &&
+
+		test_path_is_file y/d &&
+		test_path_is_missing x/d
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --merge: directory rename detected' '
+	(
+		cd dir-rename &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+
+		git rebase --merge A &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 5 out &&
+
+		test_path_is_file y/d &&
+		test_path_is_missing x/d
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'am: directory rename detected' '
+	(
+		cd dir-rename &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git format-patch -1 B &&
+
+		git am --3way 0001*.patch &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 5 out &&
+
+		test_path_is_file y/d &&
+		test_path_is_missing x/d
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3402-rebase-merge.sh b/t/t3402-rebase-merge.sh
index 5a27ec9b5e..a1ec501a87 100755
--- a/t/t3402-rebase-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t3402-rebase-merge.sh
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git commit -a -m"master updates a bit more." &&
 
 	git checkout side &&
-	(echo "0 $T" ; cat original) >renamed &&
+	(echo "0 $T" && cat original) >renamed &&
 	git add renamed &&
 	git update-index --force-remove original &&
 	git commit -a -m"side renames and edits." &&
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'reference merge' '
-	git merge -s recursive "reference merge" HEAD master
+	git merge -s recursive -m "reference merge" master
 '
 
 PRE_REBASE=$(git rev-parse test-rebase)
@@ -85,6 +85,15 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase -Xtheirs' '
 	! grep 11 original
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rebase -Xtheirs from orphan' '
+	git checkout --orphan orphan-conflicting master~2 &&
+	echo "AB $T" >> original &&
+	git commit -morphan-conflicting original &&
+	git rebase -Xtheirs master &&
+	grep AB original &&
+	! grep 11 original
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'merge and rebase should match' '
 	git diff-tree -r test-rebase test-merge >difference &&
 	if test -s difference
@@ -134,7 +143,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase -s funny -Xopt' '
 	git checkout -b test-funny master^ &&
 	test_commit funny &&
 	(
-		PATH=./test-bin:$PATH
+		PATH=./test-bin:$PATH &&
 		git rebase -s funny -Xopt master
 	) &&
 	test -f funny.was.run
diff --git a/t/t3403-rebase-skip.sh b/t/t3403-rebase-skip.sh
index 3968020e64..1f5122b632 100755
--- a/t/t3403-rebase-skip.sh
+++ b/t/t3403-rebase-skip.sh
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase --skip with --merge' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge and reference trees equal' '
-	test -z "`git diff-tree skip-merge skip-reference`"
+	test -z "$(git diff-tree skip-merge skip-reference)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'moved back to branch correctly' '
diff --git a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
index eed76cca55..259c27233d 100755
--- a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
+++ b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	test_commit P fileP
 '
 
-# "exec" commands are ran with the user shell by default, but this may
+# "exec" commands are run with the user shell by default, but this may
 # be non-POSIX. For example, if SHELL=zsh then ">file" doesn't work
-# to create a file. Unseting SHELL avoids such non-portable behavior
+# to create a file. Unsetting SHELL avoids such non-portable behavior
 # in tests. It must be exported for it to take effect where needed.
 SHELL=
 export SHELL
@@ -108,6 +108,26 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase -i with the exec command runs from tree root' '
 	rm -fr subdir
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i with exec allows git commands in subdirs' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf subdir" &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort ||:" &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	mkdir subdir && (cd subdir &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 exec_cd_subdir_&&_git_rev-parse_--is-inside-work-tree" \
+		git rebase -i HEAD^
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i sets work tree properly' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf subdir" &&
+	test_when_finished "test_might_fail git rebase --abort" &&
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	git rebase -x "(cd subdir && git rev-parse --show-toplevel)" HEAD^ \
+		>actual &&
+	! grep "/subdir$" actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'rebase -i with the exec command checks tree cleanness' '
 	git checkout master &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
@@ -169,6 +189,13 @@ test_expect_success 'reflog for the branch shows state before rebase' '
 	test $(git rev-parse branch1@{1}) = $(git rev-parse original-branch1)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'reflog for the branch shows correct finish message' '
+	printf "rebase -i (finish): refs/heads/branch1 onto %s\n" \
+		"$(git rev-parse branch2)" >expected &&
+	git log -g --pretty=%gs -1 refs/heads/branch1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'exchange two commits' '
 	set_fake_editor &&
 	FAKE_LINES="2 1" git rebase -i HEAD~2 &&
@@ -207,6 +234,14 @@ test_expect_success 'stop on conflicting pick' '
 	test 0 = $(grep -c "^[^#]" < .git/rebase-merge/git-rebase-todo)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'show conflicted patch' '
+	GIT_TRACE=1 git rebase --show-current-patch >/dev/null 2>stderr &&
+	grep "show.*REBASE_HEAD" stderr &&
+	# the original stopped-sha1 is abbreviated
+	stopped_sha1="$(git rev-parse $(cat ".git/rebase-merge/stopped-sha"))" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse REBASE_HEAD)" = "$stopped_sha1"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'abort' '
 	git rebase --abort &&
 	test $(git rev-parse new-branch1) = $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
@@ -219,9 +254,9 @@ test_expect_success 'abort with error when new base cannot be checked out' '
 	git commit -m "remove file in base" &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase -i master > output 2>&1 &&
-	grep "The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by checkout:" \
+	test_i18ngrep "The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by checkout:" \
 		output &&
-	grep "file1" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "file1" output &&
 	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-merge &&
 	git reset --hard HEAD^
 '
@@ -237,6 +272,29 @@ test_expect_success 'retain authorship' '
 	git show HEAD | grep "^Author: Twerp Snog"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'retain authorship w/ conflicts' '
+	oGIT_AUTHOR_NAME=$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME &&
+	test_when_finished "GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=\$oGIT_AUTHOR_NAME" &&
+
+	git reset --hard twerp &&
+	test_commit a conflict a conflict-a &&
+	git reset --hard twerp &&
+
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=AttributeMe &&
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME &&
+	test_commit b conflict b conflict-b &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=$oGIT_AUTHOR_NAME &&
+
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i conflict-a &&
+	echo resolved >conflict &&
+	git add conflict &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test $(git rev-parse conflict-a^0) = $(git rev-parse HEAD^) &&
+	git show >out &&
+	grep AttributeMe out
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'squash' '
 	git reset --hard twerp &&
 	echo B > file7 &&
@@ -350,7 +408,7 @@ test_expect_success 'verbose flag is heeded, even after --continue' '
 	grep "^ file1 | 2 +-$" output
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'multi-squash only fires up editor once' '
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'multi-squash only fires up editor once' '
 	base=$(git rev-parse HEAD~4) &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
 	FAKE_COMMIT_AMEND="ONCE" FAKE_LINES="1 squash 2 squash 3 squash 4" \
@@ -360,7 +418,7 @@ test_expect_success 'multi-squash only fires up editor once' '
 	test 1 = $(git show | grep ONCE | wc -l)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'multi-fixup does not fire up editor' '
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'multi-fixup does not fire up editor' '
 	git checkout -b multi-fixup E &&
 	base=$(git rev-parse HEAD~4) &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
@@ -410,7 +468,7 @@ D
 ONCE
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'squash and fixup generate correct log messages' '
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'squash and fixup generate correct log messages' '
 	git checkout -b squash-fixup E &&
 	base=$(git rev-parse HEAD~4) &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
@@ -419,11 +477,15 @@ test_expect_success 'squash and fixup generate correct log messages' '
 		git rebase -i $base &&
 	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e 1,/^\$/d > actual-squash-fixup &&
 	test_cmp expect-squash-fixup actual-squash-fixup &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD@{2} |
+		grep "^# This is a combination of 3 commits\."  &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD@{3} |
+		grep "^# This is a combination of 2 commits\."  &&
 	git checkout to-be-rebased &&
 	git branch -D squash-fixup
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'squash ignores comments' '
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'squash ignores comments' '
 	git checkout -b skip-comments E &&
 	base=$(git rev-parse HEAD~4) &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
@@ -436,7 +498,7 @@ test_expect_success 'squash ignores comments' '
 	git branch -D skip-comments
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'squash ignores blank lines' '
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'squash ignores blank lines' '
 	git checkout -b skip-blank-lines E &&
 	base=$(git rev-parse HEAD~4) &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
@@ -463,7 +525,7 @@ test_expect_success 'interrupted squash works as expected' '
 	one=$(git rev-parse HEAD~3) &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
 	test_must_fail env FAKE_LINES="1 squash 3 2" git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
-	(echo one; echo two; echo four) > conflict &&
+	test_write_lines one two four > conflict &&
 	git add conflict &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
 	echo resolved > conflict &&
@@ -477,10 +539,10 @@ test_expect_success 'interrupted squash works as expected (case 2)' '
 	one=$(git rev-parse HEAD~3) &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
 	test_must_fail env FAKE_LINES="3 squash 1 2" git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
-	(echo one; echo four) > conflict &&
+	test_write_lines one four > conflict &&
 	git add conflict &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
-	(echo one; echo two; echo four) > conflict &&
+	test_write_lines one two four > conflict &&
 	git add conflict &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
 	echo resolved > conflict &&
@@ -507,15 +569,16 @@ test_expect_success '--continue tries to commit, even for "edit"' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'aborted --continue does not squash commits after "edit"' '
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
 	old=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	test_tick &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1" git rebase -i HEAD^ &&
 	echo "edited again" > file7 &&
 	git add file7 &&
-	test_must_fail env FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE=" " git rebase --continue &&
-	test $old = $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
-	git rebase --abort
+	echo all the things >>conflict &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
+	test $old = $(git rev-parse HEAD)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'auto-amend only edited commits after "edit"' '
@@ -540,7 +603,7 @@ test_expect_success 'clean error after failed "exec"' '
 	echo "edited again" > file7 &&
 	git add file7 &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase --continue 2>error &&
-	grep "You have staged changes in your working tree." error
+	test_i18ngrep "you have staged changes in your working tree" error
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase a detached HEAD' '
@@ -555,10 +618,9 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase a detached HEAD' '
 test_expect_success 'rebase a commit violating pre-commit' '
 
 	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
-	PRE_COMMIT=.git/hooks/pre-commit &&
-	echo "#!/bin/sh" > $PRE_COMMIT &&
-	echo "test -z \"\$(git diff --cached --check)\"" >> $PRE_COMMIT &&
-	chmod a+x $PRE_COMMIT &&
+	write_script .git/hooks/pre-commit <<-\EOF &&
+	test -z "$(git diff --cached --check)"
+	EOF
 	echo "monde! " >> file1 &&
 	test_tick &&
 	test_must_fail git commit -m doesnt-verify file1 &&
@@ -666,13 +728,13 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase -i continue with unstaged submodule' '
 test_expect_success 'avoid unnecessary reset' '
 	git checkout master &&
 	git reset --hard &&
-	test-chmtime =123456789 file3 &&
+	test-tool chmtime =123456789 file3 &&
 	git update-index --refresh &&
 	HEAD=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~4 &&
 	test $HEAD = $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
-	MTIME=$(test-chmtime -v +0 file3 | sed 's/[^0-9].*$//') &&
+	MTIME=$(test-tool chmtime --get file3) &&
 	test 123456789 = $MTIME
 '
 
@@ -734,16 +796,15 @@ test_expect_success 'always cherry-pick with --no-ff' '
 	git tag original-no-ff-branch &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
 	git rebase -i --no-ff A &&
-	touch empty &&
 	for p in 0 1 2
 	do
 		test ! $(git rev-parse HEAD~$p) = $(git rev-parse original-no-ff-branch~$p) &&
 		git diff HEAD~$p original-no-ff-branch~$p > out &&
-		test_cmp empty out
+		test_must_be_empty out
 	done &&
 	test $(git rev-parse HEAD~3) = $(git rev-parse original-no-ff-branch~3) &&
 	git diff HEAD~3 original-no-ff-branch~3 > out &&
-	test_cmp empty out
+	test_must_be_empty out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'set up commits with funny messages' '
@@ -771,7 +832,6 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase-i history with funny messages' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-
 test_expect_success 'prepare for rebase -i --exec' '
 	git checkout master &&
 	git checkout -b execute &&
@@ -780,7 +840,6 @@ test_expect_success 'prepare for rebase -i --exec' '
 	test_commit three_exec main.txt three_exec
 '
 
-
 test_expect_success 'running "git rebase -i --exec git show HEAD"' '
 	set_fake_editor &&
 	git rebase -i --exec "git show HEAD" HEAD~2 >actual &&
@@ -793,7 +852,6 @@ test_expect_success 'running "git rebase -i --exec git show HEAD"' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-
 test_expect_success 'running "git rebase --exec git show HEAD -i"' '
 	git reset --hard execute &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
@@ -807,7 +865,6 @@ test_expect_success 'running "git rebase --exec git show HEAD -i"' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-
 test_expect_success 'running "git rebase -ix git show HEAD"' '
 	git reset --hard execute &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
@@ -835,7 +892,6 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase -ix with several <CMD>' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-
 test_expect_success 'rebase -ix with several instances of --exec' '
 	git reset --hard execute &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
@@ -850,8 +906,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase -ix with several instances of --exec' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-
-test_expect_success 'rebase -ix with --autosquash' '
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'rebase -ix with --autosquash' '
 	git reset --hard execute &&
 	git checkout -b autosquash &&
 	echo second >second.txt &&
@@ -876,23 +931,20 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase -ix with --autosquash' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-
-test_expect_success 'rebase --exec without -i shows error message' '
+test_expect_success 'rebase --exec works without -i ' '
 	git reset --hard execute &&
-	set_fake_editor &&
-	test_must_fail git rebase --exec "git show HEAD" HEAD~2 2>actual &&
-	echo "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option" >expected &&
-	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+	rm -rf exec_output &&
+	EDITOR="echo >invoked_editor" git rebase --exec "echo a line >>exec_output"  HEAD~2 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep  "Successfully rebased and updated" actual &&
+	test_line_count = 2 exec_output &&
+	test_path_is_missing invoked_editor
 '
 
-
 test_expect_success 'rebase -i --exec without <CMD>' '
 	git reset --hard execute &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
-	test_must_fail git rebase -i --exec 2>tmp &&
-	sed -e "1d" tmp >actual &&
-	test_must_fail git rebase -h >expected &&
-	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i --exec 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "requires a value" actual &&
 	git checkout master
 '
 
@@ -935,7 +987,45 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root fixup root commit' '
 	test 0 = $(git cat-file commit HEAD | grep -c ^parent\ )
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'rebase --edit-todo does not works on non-interactive rebase' '
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root reword root commit' '
+	test_when_finished "test_might_fail git rebase --abort" &&
+	git checkout -b reword-root-branch master &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	FAKE_LINES="reword 1 2" FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE="A changed" \
+	git rebase -i --root &&
+	git show HEAD^ | grep "A changed" &&
+	test -z "$(git show -s --format=%p HEAD^)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root when root has untracked file confilct' '
+	test_when_finished "reset_rebase" &&
+	git checkout -b failing-root-pick A &&
+	echo x >file2 &&
+	git rm file1 &&
+	git commit -m "remove file 1 add file 2" &&
+	echo z >file1 &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	test_must_fail env FAKE_LINES="1 2" git rebase -i --root &&
+	rm file1 &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test "$(git log -1 --format=%B)" = "remove file 1 add file 2" &&
+	test "$(git rev-list --count HEAD)" = 2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root reword root when root has untracked file conflict' '
+	test_when_finished "reset_rebase" &&
+	echo z>file1 &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	test_must_fail env FAKE_LINES="reword 1 2" \
+		FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE="Modified A" git rebase -i --root &&
+	rm file1 &&
+	FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE="Reworded A" git rebase --continue &&
+	test "$(git log -1 --format=%B HEAD^)" = "Reworded A" &&
+	test "$(git rev-list --count HEAD)" = 2
+'
+
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'rebase --edit-todo does not work on non-interactive rebase' '
+	git checkout reword-root-branch &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git checkout conflict-branch &&
 	set_fake_editor &&
@@ -961,13 +1051,13 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase -i produces readable reflog' '
 	set_fake_editor &&
 	git rebase -i --onto I F branch-reflog-test &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	rebase -i (start): checkout I
-	rebase -i (pick): G
-	rebase -i (pick): H
 	rebase -i (finish): returning to refs/heads/branch-reflog-test
+	rebase -i (pick): H
+	rebase -i (pick): G
+	rebase -i (start): checkout I
 	EOF
-	tail -n 4 .git/logs/HEAD |
-	sed -e "s/.*	//" >actual &&
+	git reflog -n4 HEAD |
+	sed "s/[^:]*: //" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -984,6 +1074,17 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase -i respects core.commentchar' '
 	test B = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | sed -ne \$p)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i respects core.commentchar=auto' '
+	test_config core.commentchar auto &&
+	write_script copy-edit-script.sh <<-\EOF &&
+	cp "$1" edit-script
+	EOF
+	test_set_editor "$(pwd)/copy-edit-script.sh" &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort || :" &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD^ &&
+	test -z "$(grep -ve "^#" -e "^\$" -e "^pick" edit-script)"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'rebase -i, with <onto> and <upstream> specified as :/quuxery' '
 	test_when_finished "git branch -D torebase" &&
 	git checkout -b torebase branch1 &&
@@ -1006,6 +1107,22 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase -i with --strategy and -X' '
 	test $(cat file1) = Z
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'interrupted rebase -i with --strategy and -X' '
+	git checkout -b conflict-merge-use-theirs-interrupted conflict-branch &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	>breakpoint &&
+	git add breakpoint &&
+	git commit -m "breakpoint for interactive mode" &&
+	echo five >conflict &&
+	echo Z >file1 &&
+	git commit -a -m "one file conflict" &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 2" git rebase -i --strategy=recursive -Xours conflict-branch &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test $(git show conflict-branch:conflict) = $(cat conflict) &&
+	test $(cat file1) = Z
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'rebase -i error on commits with \ in message' '
 	current_head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort; git reset --hard $current_head; rm -f error" &&
@@ -1052,7 +1169,266 @@ test_expect_success 'todo count' '
 	EOF
 	test_set_editor "$(pwd)/dump-raw.sh" &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~4 >actual &&
-	grep "^# Rebase ..* onto ..* ([0-9]" actual
+	test_i18ngrep "^# Rebase ..* onto ..* ([0-9]" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i commits that overwrite untracked files (pick)' '
+	git checkout --force branch2 &&
+	git clean -f &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 2" git rebase -i A &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD F &&
+	test_path_is_missing file6 &&
+	>file6 &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD F &&
+	rm file6 &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD I
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i commits that overwrite untracked files (squash)' '
+	git checkout --force branch2 &&
+	git clean -f &&
+	git tag original-branch2 &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 squash 2" git rebase -i A &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD F &&
+	test_path_is_missing file6 &&
+	>file6 &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD F &&
+	rm file6 &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test $(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne \$p) = I &&
+	git reset --hard original-branch2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i commits that overwrite untracked files (no ff)' '
+	git checkout --force branch2 &&
+	git clean -f &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 2" git rebase -i --no-ff A &&
+	test $(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne \$p) = F &&
+	test_path_is_missing file6 &&
+	>file6 &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
+	test $(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne \$p) = F &&
+	rm file6 &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test $(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne \$p) = I
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --continue removes CHERRY_PICK_HEAD' '
+	git checkout -b commit-to-skip &&
+	for double in X 3 1
+	do
+		test_seq 5 | sed "s/$double/&&/" >seq &&
+		git add seq &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m seq-$double
+	done &&
+	git tag seq-onto &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD~2 &&
+	git cherry-pick seq-onto &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	test_must_fail env FAKE_LINES= git rebase -i seq-onto &&
+	test -d .git/rebase-merge &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	git diff --exit-code seq-onto &&
+	test ! -d .git/rebase-merge &&
+	test ! -f .git/CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
+'
+
+rebase_setup_and_clean () {
+	test_when_finished "
+		git checkout master &&
+		test_might_fail git branch -D $1 &&
+		test_might_fail git rebase --abort
+	" &&
+	git checkout -b $1 ${2:-master}
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'drop' '
+	rebase_setup_and_clean drop-test &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 drop 2 3 drop 4 5" git rebase -i --root &&
+	test E = $(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne \$p) &&
+	test C = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | sed -ne \$p) &&
+	test A = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^^ | sed -ne \$p)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i respects rebase.missingCommitsCheck = ignore' '
+	test_config rebase.missingCommitsCheck ignore &&
+	rebase_setup_and_clean missing-commit &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 2 3 4" \
+		git rebase -i --root 2>actual &&
+	test D = $(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne \$p) &&
+	test_i18ngrep \
+		"Successfully rebased and updated refs/heads/missing-commit" \
+		actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+Warning: some commits may have been dropped accidentally.
+Dropped commits (newer to older):
+ - $(git rev-list --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit -1 master)
+To avoid this message, use "drop" to explicitly remove a commit.
+
+Use 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' to change the level of warnings.
+The possible behaviours are: ignore, warn, error.
+
+Rebasing (1/4)
+Rebasing (2/4)
+Rebasing (3/4)
+Rebasing (4/4)
+Successfully rebased and updated refs/heads/missing-commit.
+EOF
+
+cr_to_nl () {
+	tr '\015' '\012'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i respects rebase.missingCommitsCheck = warn' '
+	test_config rebase.missingCommitsCheck warn &&
+	rebase_setup_and_clean missing-commit &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 2 3 4" \
+		git rebase -i --root 2>actual.2 &&
+	cr_to_nl <actual.2 >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual &&
+	test D = $(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne \$p)
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+Warning: some commits may have been dropped accidentally.
+Dropped commits (newer to older):
+ - $(git rev-list --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit -1 master)
+ - $(git rev-list --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit -1 master~2)
+To avoid this message, use "drop" to explicitly remove a commit.
+
+Use 'git config rebase.missingCommitsCheck' to change the level of warnings.
+The possible behaviours are: ignore, warn, error.
+
+You can fix this with 'git rebase --edit-todo' and then run 'git rebase --continue'.
+Or you can abort the rebase with 'git rebase --abort'.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i respects rebase.missingCommitsCheck = error' '
+	test_config rebase.missingCommitsCheck error &&
+	rebase_setup_and_clean missing-commit &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	test_must_fail env FAKE_LINES="1 2 4" \
+		git rebase -i --root 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual &&
+	cp .git/rebase-merge/git-rebase-todo.backup \
+		.git/rebase-merge/git-rebase-todo &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 2 drop 3 4 drop 5" \
+		git rebase --edit-todo &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test D = $(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne \$p) &&
+	test B = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | sed -ne \$p)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'respects rebase.abbreviateCommands with fixup, squash and exec' '
+	rebase_setup_and_clean abbrevcmd &&
+	test_commit "first" file1.txt "first line" first &&
+	test_commit "second" file1.txt "another line" second &&
+	test_commit "fixup! first" file2.txt "first line again" first_fixup &&
+	test_commit "squash! second" file1.txt "another line here" second_squash &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	p $(git rev-list --abbrev-commit -1 first) first
+	f $(git rev-list --abbrev-commit -1 first_fixup) fixup! first
+	x git show HEAD
+	p $(git rev-list --abbrev-commit -1 second) second
+	s $(git rev-list --abbrev-commit -1 second_squash) squash! second
+	x git show HEAD
+	EOF
+	git checkout abbrevcmd &&
+	set_cat_todo_editor &&
+	test_config rebase.abbreviateCommands true &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i --exec "git show HEAD" \
+		--autosquash master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'static check of bad command' '
+	rebase_setup_and_clean bad-cmd &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	test_must_fail env FAKE_LINES="1 2 3 bad 4 5" \
+		git rebase -i --root 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "badcmd $(git rev-list --oneline -1 master~1)" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "You can fix this with .git rebase --edit-todo.." actual &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 2 3 drop 4 5" git rebase --edit-todo &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test E = $(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne \$p) &&
+	test C = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | sed -ne \$p)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tabs and spaces are accepted in the todolist' '
+	rebase_setup_and_clean indented-comment &&
+	write_script add-indent.sh <<-\EOF &&
+	(
+		# Turn single spaces into space/tab mix
+		sed "1s/ /	/g; 2s/ /  /g; 3s/ / 	/g" "$1"
+		printf "\n\t# comment\n #more\n\t # comment\n"
+	) >"$1.new"
+	mv "$1.new" "$1"
+	EOF
+	test_set_editor "$(pwd)/add-indent.sh" &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD^^^ &&
+	test E = $(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne \$p)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'static check of bad SHA-1' '
+	rebase_setup_and_clean bad-sha &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	test_must_fail env FAKE_LINES="1 2 edit fakesha 3 4 5 #" \
+		git rebase -i --root 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "edit XXXXXXX False commit" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "You can fix this with .git rebase --edit-todo.." actual &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 2 4 5 6" git rebase --edit-todo &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test E = $(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne \$p)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'editor saves as CR/LF' '
+	git checkout -b with-crlf &&
+	write_script add-crs.sh <<-\EOF &&
+	sed -e "s/\$/Q/" <"$1" | tr Q "\\015" >"$1".new &&
+	mv -f "$1".new "$1"
+	EOF
+	(
+		test_set_editor "$(pwd)/add-crs.sh" &&
+		git rebase -i HEAD^
+	)
+'
+
+SQ="'"
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --gpg-sign=<key-id>' '
+	test_when_finished "test_might_fail git rebase --abort" &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1" git rebase -i --gpg-sign="\"S I Gner\"" HEAD^ \
+		>out 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "$SQ-S\"S I Gner\"$SQ" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --gpg-sign=<key-id> overrides commit.gpgSign' '
+	test_when_finished "test_might_fail git rebase --abort" &&
+	test_config commit.gpgsign true &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1" git rebase -i --gpg-sign="\"S I Gner\"" HEAD^ \
+		>out 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "$SQ-S\"S I Gner\"$SQ" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'valid author header after --root swap' '
+	rebase_setup_and_clean author-header no-conflict-branch &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	FAKE_LINES="2 1" git rebase -i --root &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD^ >out &&
+	grep "^author ..*> [0-9][0-9]* [-+][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]$" out
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3405-rebase-malformed.sh b/t/t3405-rebase-malformed.sh
index ff8c360cd5..da94dddc86 100755
--- a/t/t3405-rebase-malformed.sh
+++ b/t/t3405-rebase-malformed.sh
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 test_description='rebase should handle arbitrary git message'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-rebase.sh
 
 cat >F <<\EOF
 This is an example of a commit log message
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "Initial commit" &&
 	git branch diff-in-message &&
+	git branch empty-message-merge &&
 
 	git checkout -b multi-line-subject &&
 	cat F >file2 &&
@@ -45,6 +47,11 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >G0 &&
 
+	git checkout empty-message-merge &&
+	echo file3 >file3 &&
+	git add file3 &&
+	git commit --allow-empty-message -m "" &&
+
 	git checkout master &&
 
 	echo One >file1 &&
@@ -69,4 +76,15 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase commit with diff in message' '
 	test_cmp G G0
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rebase -m commit with empty message' '
+	git rebase -m master empty-message-merge
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i commit with empty message' '
+	git checkout diff-in-message &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	env FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE=" " FAKE_LINES="reword 1" \
+		git rebase -i HEAD^
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3407-rebase-abort.sh b/t/t3407-rebase-abort.sh
index a6a6c40a98..910f218284 100755
--- a/t/t3407-rebase-abort.sh
+++ b/t/t3407-rebase-abort.sh
@@ -99,4 +99,28 @@ testrebase() {
 testrebase "" .git/rebase-apply
 testrebase " --merge" .git/rebase-merge
 
+test_expect_success 'rebase --quit' '
+	cd "$work_dir" &&
+	# Clean up the state from the previous one
+	git reset --hard pre-rebase &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase master &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	head_before=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git rebase --quit &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD) = $head_before &&
+	test ! -d .git/rebase-apply
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --merge --quit' '
+	cd "$work_dir" &&
+	# Clean up the state from the previous one
+	git reset --hard pre-rebase &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --merge master &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-merge &&
+	head_before=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git rebase --quit &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD) = $head_before &&
+	test ! -d .git/rebase-merge
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3408-rebase-multi-line.sh b/t/t3408-rebase-multi-line.sh
index 6b84e6042a..e7292f5b9b 100755
--- a/t/t3408-rebase-multi-line.sh
+++ b/t/t3408-rebase-multi-line.sh
@@ -24,8 +24,23 @@ But otherwise with a sane description." &&
 	>elif &&
 	git add elif &&
 	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m second
+	git commit -m second &&
 
+	git checkout -b side2 &&
+	>afile &&
+	git add afile &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m third &&
+	echo hello >afile &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m fourth &&
+	git checkout -b side-merge &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^^ &&
+	git merge --no-ff -m "A merge commit log message that has a long
+summary that spills over multiple lines.
+
+But otherwise with a sane description." side2 &&
+	git branch side-merge-original
 '
 
 test_expect_success rebase '
@@ -37,5 +52,14 @@ test_expect_success rebase '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 
 '
+test_expect_success rebasep '
+
+	git checkout side-merge &&
+	git rebase -p side &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >actual &&
+	git cat-file commit side-merge-original | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh b/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh
index 0b52105728..73a39f2923 100755
--- a/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh
+++ b/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ test_expect_success 'set up second root and merge' '
 	rm A B C &&
 	test_commit 6 D &&
 	git checkout other &&
-	git merge third
+	git merge --allow-unrelated-histories third
 '
 
 cat > expect-third <<'EOF'
diff --git a/t/t3415-rebase-autosquash.sh b/t/t3415-rebase-autosquash.sh
index 41370ab998..e364c12622 100755
--- a/t/t3415-rebase-autosquash.sh
+++ b/t/t3415-rebase-autosquash.sh
@@ -234,20 +234,100 @@ test_auto_fixup_fixup () {
 	fi
 }
 
-test_expect_success 'fixup! fixup!' '
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'fixup! fixup!' '
 	test_auto_fixup_fixup fixup fixup
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'fixup! squash!' '
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'fixup! squash!' '
 	test_auto_fixup_fixup fixup squash
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'squash! squash!' '
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'squash! squash!' '
 	test_auto_fixup_fixup squash squash
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'squash! fixup!' '
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'squash! fixup!' '
 	test_auto_fixup_fixup squash fixup
 '
 
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'autosquash with custom inst format' '
+	git reset --hard base &&
+	git config --add rebase.instructionFormat "[%an @ %ar] %s"  &&
+	echo 2 >file1 &&
+	git add -u &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "squash! $(git rev-parse --short HEAD^)" &&
+	echo 1 >file1 &&
+	git add -u &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "squash! $(git log -n 1 --format=%s HEAD~2)" &&
+	git tag final-squash-instFmt &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase --autosquash -i HEAD~4 &&
+	git log --oneline >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 3 actual &&
+	git diff --exit-code final-squash-instFmt &&
+	test 1 = "$(git cat-file blob HEAD^:file1)" &&
+	test 2 = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | grep squash | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autosquash with empty custom instructionFormat' '
+	git reset --hard base &&
+	test_commit empty-instructionFormat-test &&
+	(
+		set_cat_todo_editor &&
+		test_must_fail git -c rebase.instructionFormat= \
+			rebase --autosquash  --force -i HEAD^ >actual &&
+		git log -1 --format="pick %h %s" >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+set_backup_editor () {
+	write_script backup-editor.sh <<-\EOF
+	cp "$1" .git/backup-"$(basename "$1")"
+	EOF
+	test_set_editor "$PWD/backup-editor.sh"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'autosquash with multiple empty patches' '
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "empty" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "empty2" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	>fixup &&
+	git add fixup &&
+	git commit --fixup HEAD^^ &&
+	(
+		set_backup_editor &&
+		GIT_USE_REBASE_HELPER=false \
+		git rebase -i --force-rebase --autosquash HEAD~4 &&
+		grep empty2 .git/backup-git-rebase-todo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'extra spaces after fixup!' '
+	base=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_commit to-fixup &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "fixup!  to-fixup" &&
+	git rebase -i --autosquash --keep-empty HEAD~2 &&
+	parent=$(git rev-parse HEAD^) &&
+	test $base = $parent
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'wrapped original subject' '
+	if test -d .git/rebase-merge; then git rebase --abort; fi &&
+	base=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	echo "wrapped subject" >wrapped &&
+	git add wrapped &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "$(printf "To\nfixup")" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "fixup! To fixup" &&
+	git rebase -i --autosquash --keep-empty HEAD~2 &&
+	parent=$(git rev-parse HEAD^) &&
+	test $base = $parent
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3418-rebase-continue.sh b/t/t3418-rebase-continue.sh
index 2680375628..25099d715c 100755
--- a/t/t3418-rebase-continue.sh
+++ b/t/t3418-rebase-continue.sh
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ test_expect_success 'interactive rebase --continue works with touched file' '
 	git checkout master &&
 
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1" git rebase -i HEAD^ &&
-	test-chmtime =-60 F1 &&
+	test-tool chmtime =-60 F1 &&
 	git rebase --continue
 '
 
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ test_expect_success 'non-interactive rebase --continue works with touched file'
 	test_must_fail git rebase --onto master master topic &&
 	echo "Resolved" >F2 &&
 	git add F2 &&
-	test-chmtime =-60 F1 &&
+	test-tool chmtime =-60 F1 &&
 	git rebase --continue
 '
 
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase --continue remembers merge strategy and options' '
 	EOF
 	chmod +x test-bin/git-merge-funny &&
 	(
-		PATH=./test-bin:$PATH
+		PATH=./test-bin:$PATH &&
 		test_must_fail git rebase -s funny -Xopt master topic
 	) &&
 	test -f funny.was.run &&
@@ -68,31 +68,178 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase --continue remembers merge strategy and options' '
 	echo "Resolved" >F2 &&
 	git add F2 &&
 	(
-		PATH=./test-bin:$PATH
+		PATH=./test-bin:$PATH &&
 		git rebase --continue
 	) &&
 	test -f funny.was.run
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'rebase --continue remembers --rerere-autoupdate' '
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --continue handles merge strategy and options' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-* &&
+	git reset --hard commit-new-file-F2-on-topic-branch &&
+	test_commit "commit-new-file-F3-on-topic-branch-for-dash-i" F3 32 &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr test-bin funny.was.run funny.args" &&
+	mkdir test-bin &&
+	cat >test-bin/git-merge-funny <<-EOF &&
+	#!$SHELL_PATH
+	echo "\$@" >>funny.args
+	case "\$1" in --opt) ;; *) exit 2 ;; esac
+	case "\$2" in --foo) ;; *) exit 2 ;; esac
+	case "\$4" in --) ;; *) exit 2 ;; esac
+	shift 2 &&
+	>funny.was.run &&
+	exec git merge-recursive "\$@"
+	EOF
+	chmod +x test-bin/git-merge-funny &&
+	(
+		PATH=./test-bin:$PATH &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase -i -s funny -Xopt -Xfoo master topic
+	) &&
+	test -f funny.was.run &&
+	rm funny.was.run &&
+	echo "Resolved" >F2 &&
+	git add F2 &&
+	(
+		PATH=./test-bin:$PATH &&
+		git rebase --continue
+	) &&
+	test -f funny.was.run
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase passes merge strategy options correctly' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-* &&
+	git reset --hard commit-new-file-F3-on-topic-branch &&
+	test_commit theirs-to-merge &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	test_commit some-commit &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge --no-ff theirs-to-merge &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 edit 2 3" git rebase -i -f -p -m \
+		-s recursive --strategy-option=theirs HEAD~2 &&
+	test_commit force-change &&
+	git rebase --continue
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--skip after failed fixup cleans commit message' '
+	test_when_finished "test_might_fail git rebase --abort" &&
+	git checkout -b with-conflicting-fixup &&
+	test_commit wants-fixup &&
+	test_commit "fixup! wants-fixup" wants-fixup.t 1 wants-fixup-1 &&
+	test_commit "fixup! wants-fixup" wants-fixup.t 2 wants-fixup-2 &&
+	test_commit "fixup! wants-fixup" wants-fixup.t 3 wants-fixup-3 &&
+	test_must_fail env FAKE_LINES="1 fixup 2 squash 4" \
+		git rebase -i HEAD~4 &&
+
+	: now there is a conflict, and comments in the commit message &&
+	git show HEAD >out &&
+	grep "fixup! wants-fixup" out &&
+
+	: skip and continue &&
+	echo "cp \"\$1\" .git/copy.txt" | write_script copy-editor.sh &&
+	(test_set_editor "$PWD/copy-editor.sh" && git rebase --skip) &&
+
+	: the user should not have had to edit the commit message &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/copy.txt &&
+
+	: now the comments in the commit message should have been cleaned up &&
+	git show HEAD >out &&
+	! grep "fixup! wants-fixup" out &&
+
+	: now, let us ensure that "squash" is handled correctly &&
+	git reset --hard wants-fixup-3 &&
+	test_must_fail env FAKE_LINES="1 squash 4 squash 2 squash 4" \
+		git rebase -i HEAD~4 &&
+
+	: the first squash failed, but there are two more in the chain &&
+	(test_set_editor "$PWD/copy-editor.sh" &&
+	 test_must_fail git rebase --skip) &&
+
+	: not the final squash, no need to edit the commit message &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/copy.txt &&
+
+	: The first squash was skipped, therefore: &&
+	git show HEAD >out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "# This is a combination of 2 commits" out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "# This is the commit message #2:" out &&
+
+	(test_set_editor "$PWD/copy-editor.sh" && git rebase --skip) &&
+	git show HEAD >out &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "# This is a combination" out &&
+
+	: Final squash failed, but there was still a squash &&
+	test_i18ngrep "# This is a combination of 2 commits" .git/copy.txt &&
+	test_i18ngrep "# This is the commit message #2:" .git/copy.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup rerere database' '
 	rm -fr .git/rebase-* &&
 	git reset --hard commit-new-file-F3-on-topic-branch &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_commit "commit-new-file-F3" F3 3 &&
-	git config rerere.enabled true &&
+	test_config rerere.enabled true &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase -m master topic &&
 	echo "Resolved" >F2 &&
+	cp F2 expected-F2 &&
 	git add F2 &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
 	echo "Resolved" >F3 &&
+	cp F3 expected-F3 &&
 	git add F3 &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
-	git reset --hard topic@{1} &&
-	test_must_fail git rebase -m --rerere-autoupdate master &&
-	test "$(cat F2)" = "Resolved" &&
-	test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
-	test "$(cat F3)" = "Resolved" &&
-	git rebase --continue
+	git reset --hard topic@{1}
 '
 
+prepare () {
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-* &&
+	git reset --hard commit-new-file-F3-on-topic-branch &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_config rerere.enabled true
+}
+
+test_rerere_autoupdate () {
+	action=$1 &&
+	test_expect_success "rebase $action --continue remembers --rerere-autoupdate" '
+		prepare &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase $action --rerere-autoupdate master topic &&
+		test_cmp expected-F2 F2 &&
+		git diff-files --quiet &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
+		test_cmp expected-F3 F3 &&
+		git diff-files --quiet &&
+		git rebase --continue
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "rebase $action --continue honors rerere.autoUpdate" '
+		prepare &&
+		test_config rerere.autoupdate true &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase $action master topic &&
+		test_cmp expected-F2 F2 &&
+		git diff-files --quiet &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
+		test_cmp expected-F3 F3 &&
+		git diff-files --quiet &&
+		git rebase --continue
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "rebase $action --continue remembers --no-rerere-autoupdate" '
+		prepare &&
+		test_config rerere.autoupdate true &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase $action --no-rerere-autoupdate master topic &&
+		test_cmp expected-F2 F2 &&
+		test_must_fail git diff-files --quiet &&
+		git add F2 &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
+		test_cmp expected-F3 F3 &&
+		test_must_fail git diff-files --quiet &&
+		git add F3 &&
+		git rebase --continue
+	'
+}
+
+test_rerere_autoupdate
+test_rerere_autoupdate -m
+GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR=: && export GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR
+test_rerere_autoupdate -i
+test_rerere_autoupdate --preserve-merges
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3419-rebase-patch-id.sh b/t/t3419-rebase-patch-id.sh
index 217dd79b2e..49f548cdb9 100755
--- a/t/t3419-rebase-patch-id.sh
+++ b/t/t3419-rebase-patch-id.sh
@@ -73,17 +73,17 @@ do_tests () {
 		run git format-patch --stdout --ignore-if-in-upstream master
 	"
 
-	test_expect_success $pr 'detect upstream patch' "
+	test_expect_success $pr 'detect upstream patch' '
 		git checkout -q master &&
 		scramble file &&
 		git add file &&
-		git commit -q -m 'change big file again' &&
+		git commit -q -m "change big file again" &&
 		git checkout -q other^{} &&
 		git rebase master &&
-		test_must_fail test -n \"\$(git rev-list master...HEAD~)\"
-	"
+		test_must_fail test -n "$(git rev-list master...HEAD~)"
+	'
 
-	test_expect_success $pr 'do not drop patch' "
+	test_expect_success $pr 'do not drop patch' '
 		git branch -f squashed master &&
 		git checkout -q -f squashed &&
 		git reset -q --soft HEAD~2 &&
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ do_tests () {
 		git checkout -q other^{} &&
 		test_must_fail git rebase squashed &&
 		rm -rf .git/rebase-apply
-	"
+	'
 }
 
 do_tests 500
diff --git a/t/t3420-rebase-autostash.sh b/t/t3420-rebase-autostash.sh
index d783f03d3f..e243700660 100755
--- a/t/t3420-rebase-autostash.sh
+++ b/t/t3420-rebase-autostash.sh
@@ -33,22 +33,154 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git commit -m "related commit"
 '
 
-testrebase() {
+create_expected_success_am () {
+	cat >expected <<-EOF
+	$(grep "^Created autostash: [0-9a-f][0-9a-f]*\$" actual)
+	HEAD is now at $(git rev-parse --short feature-branch) third commit
+	First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it...
+	Applying: second commit
+	Applying: third commit
+	Applied autostash.
+	EOF
+}
+
+create_expected_success_interactive () {
+	q_to_cr >expected <<-EOF
+	$(grep "^Created autostash: [0-9a-f][0-9a-f]*\$" actual)
+	HEAD is now at $(git rev-parse --short feature-branch) third commit
+	Rebasing (1/2)QRebasing (2/2)QApplied autostash.
+	Successfully rebased and updated refs/heads/rebased-feature-branch.
+	EOF
+}
+
+create_expected_success_merge () {
+	cat >expected <<-EOF
+	$(grep "^Created autostash: [0-9a-f][0-9a-f]*\$" actual)
+	HEAD is now at $(git rev-parse --short feature-branch) third commit
+	First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it...
+	Merging unrelated-onto-branch with HEAD~1
+	Merging:
+	$(git rev-parse --short unrelated-onto-branch) unrelated commit
+	$(git rev-parse --short feature-branch^) second commit
+	found 1 common ancestor:
+	$(git rev-parse --short feature-branch~2) initial commit
+	[detached HEAD $(git rev-parse --short rebased-feature-branch~1)] second commit
+	 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+	 Date: Thu Apr 7 15:14:13 2005 -0700
+	 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+)
+	 create mode 100644 file1
+	 create mode 100644 file2
+	Committed: 0001 second commit
+	Merging unrelated-onto-branch with HEAD~0
+	Merging:
+	$(git rev-parse --short rebased-feature-branch~1) second commit
+	$(git rev-parse --short feature-branch) third commit
+	found 1 common ancestor:
+	$(git rev-parse --short feature-branch~1) second commit
+	[detached HEAD $(git rev-parse --short rebased-feature-branch)] third commit
+	 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+	 Date: Thu Apr 7 15:15:13 2005 -0700
+	 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+	 create mode 100644 file3
+	Committed: 0002 third commit
+	All done.
+	Applied autostash.
+	EOF
+}
+
+create_expected_failure_am () {
+	cat >expected <<-EOF
+	$(grep "^Created autostash: [0-9a-f][0-9a-f]*\$" actual)
+	HEAD is now at $(git rev-parse --short feature-branch) third commit
+	First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it...
+	Applying: second commit
+	Applying: third commit
+	Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.
+	Your changes are safe in the stash.
+	You can run "git stash pop" or "git stash drop" at any time.
+	EOF
+}
+
+create_expected_failure_interactive () {
+	q_to_cr >expected <<-EOF
+	$(grep "^Created autostash: [0-9a-f][0-9a-f]*\$" actual)
+	HEAD is now at $(git rev-parse --short feature-branch) third commit
+	Rebasing (1/2)QRebasing (2/2)QApplying autostash resulted in conflicts.
+	Your changes are safe in the stash.
+	You can run "git stash pop" or "git stash drop" at any time.
+	Successfully rebased and updated refs/heads/rebased-feature-branch.
+	EOF
+}
+
+create_expected_failure_merge () {
+	cat >expected <<-EOF
+	$(grep "^Created autostash: [0-9a-f][0-9a-f]*\$" actual)
+	HEAD is now at $(git rev-parse --short feature-branch) third commit
+	First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it...
+	Merging unrelated-onto-branch with HEAD~1
+	Merging:
+	$(git rev-parse --short unrelated-onto-branch) unrelated commit
+	$(git rev-parse --short feature-branch^) second commit
+	found 1 common ancestor:
+	$(git rev-parse --short feature-branch~2) initial commit
+	[detached HEAD $(git rev-parse --short rebased-feature-branch~1)] second commit
+	 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+	 Date: Thu Apr 7 15:14:13 2005 -0700
+	 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+)
+	 create mode 100644 file1
+	 create mode 100644 file2
+	Committed: 0001 second commit
+	Merging unrelated-onto-branch with HEAD~0
+	Merging:
+	$(git rev-parse --short rebased-feature-branch~1) second commit
+	$(git rev-parse --short feature-branch) third commit
+	found 1 common ancestor:
+	$(git rev-parse --short feature-branch~1) second commit
+	[detached HEAD $(git rev-parse --short rebased-feature-branch)] third commit
+	 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+	 Date: Thu Apr 7 15:15:13 2005 -0700
+	 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+	 create mode 100644 file3
+	Committed: 0002 third commit
+	All done.
+	Applying autostash resulted in conflicts.
+	Your changes are safe in the stash.
+	You can run "git stash pop" or "git stash drop" at any time.
+	EOF
+}
+
+testrebase () {
 	type=$1
 	dotest=$2
 
-	test_expect_success "rebase$type: dirty worktree, non-conflicting rebase" '
+	test_expect_success "rebase$type: dirty worktree, --no-autostash" '
 		test_config rebase.autostash true &&
 		git reset --hard &&
 		git checkout -b rebased-feature-branch feature-branch &&
 		test_when_finished git branch -D rebased-feature-branch &&
+		test_when_finished git checkout feature-branch &&
 		echo dirty >>file3 &&
-		git rebase$type unrelated-onto-branch &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase$type --no-autostash unrelated-onto-branch
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "rebase$type: dirty worktree, non-conflicting rebase" '
+		test_config rebase.autostash true &&
+		git reset --hard &&
+		git checkout -b rebased-feature-branch feature-branch &&
+		echo dirty >>file3 &&
+		git rebase$type unrelated-onto-branch >actual 2>&1 &&
 		grep unrelated file4 &&
 		grep dirty file3 &&
 		git checkout feature-branch
 	'
 
+	test_expect_success "rebase$type --autostash: check output" '
+		test_when_finished git branch -D rebased-feature-branch &&
+		suffix=${type#\ --} && suffix=${suffix:-am} &&
+		create_expected_success_$suffix &&
+		test_i18ncmp expected actual
+	'
+
 	test_expect_success "rebase$type: dirty index, non-conflicting rebase" '
 		test_config rebase.autostash true &&
 		git reset --hard &&
@@ -127,10 +259,9 @@ testrebase() {
 		test_config rebase.autostash true &&
 		git reset --hard &&
 		git checkout -b rebased-feature-branch feature-branch &&
-		test_when_finished git branch -D rebased-feature-branch &&
 		echo dirty >file4 &&
 		git add file4 &&
-		git rebase$type unrelated-onto-branch &&
+		git rebase$type unrelated-onto-branch >actual 2>&1 &&
 		test_path_is_missing $dotest &&
 		git reset --hard &&
 		grep unrelated file4 &&
@@ -139,6 +270,13 @@ testrebase() {
 		git stash pop &&
 		grep dirty file4
 	'
+
+	test_expect_success "rebase$type: check output with conflicting stash" '
+		test_when_finished git branch -D rebased-feature-branch &&
+		suffix=${type#\ --} && suffix=${suffix:-am} &&
+		create_expected_failure_$suffix &&
+		test_i18ncmp expected actual
+	'
 }
 
 test_expect_success "rebase: fast-forward rebase" '
@@ -169,7 +307,7 @@ testrebase " --interactive" .git/rebase-merge
 
 test_expect_success 'abort rebase -i with --autostash' '
 	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
-	echo uncommited-content >file0 &&
+	echo uncommitted-content >file0 &&
 	(
 		write_script abort-editor.sh <<-\EOF &&
 			echo >"$1"
@@ -178,7 +316,38 @@ test_expect_success 'abort rebase -i with --autostash' '
 		test_must_fail git rebase -i --autostash HEAD^ &&
 		rm -f abort-editor.sh
 	) &&
-	echo uncommited-content >expected &&
+	echo uncommitted-content >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected file0
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'restore autostash on editor failure' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	echo uncommitted-content >file0 &&
+	(
+		test_set_editor "false" &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase -i --autostash HEAD^
+	) &&
+	echo uncommitted-content >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected file0
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autostash is saved on editor failure with conflict' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	echo uncommitted-content >file0 &&
+	(
+		write_script abort-editor.sh <<-\EOF &&
+			echo conflicting-content >file0
+			exit 1
+		EOF
+		test_set_editor "$(pwd)/abort-editor.sh" &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase -i --autostash HEAD^ &&
+		rm -f abort-editor.sh
+	) &&
+	echo conflicting-content >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected file0 &&
+	git checkout file0 &&
+	git stash pop &&
+	echo uncommitted-content >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected file0
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t3421-rebase-topology-linear.sh b/t/t3421-rebase-topology-linear.sh
index 9c55cba198..99b2aac921 100755
--- a/t/t3421-rebase-topology-linear.sh
+++ b/t/t3421-rebase-topology-linear.sh
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ test_run_rebase () {
 	"
 }
 test_run_rebase success ''
-test_run_rebase failure -m
+test_run_rebase success -m
 test_run_rebase success -i
 test_run_rebase failure -p
 
@@ -214,9 +214,10 @@ test_run_rebase () {
 	"
 }
 test_run_rebase success ''
-test_run_rebase failure -m
-test_run_rebase failure -i
+test_run_rebase success -m
+test_run_rebase success -i
 test_run_rebase failure -p
+test_run_rebase success --rebase-merges
 
 #       m
 #      /
@@ -253,7 +254,7 @@ test_run_rebase () {
 	"
 }
 test_run_rebase success ''
-test_run_rebase failure -m
+test_run_rebase success -m
 test_run_rebase success -i
 test_run_rebase success -p
 
@@ -268,7 +269,7 @@ test_run_rebase () {
 	"
 }
 test_run_rebase success ''
-test_run_rebase failure -m
+test_run_rebase success -m
 test_run_rebase success -i
 test_run_rebase failure -p
 
@@ -327,9 +328,9 @@ test_run_rebase () {
 		test_cmp_rev c HEAD
 	"
 }
-test_run_rebase failure ''
-test_run_rebase failure -m
-test_run_rebase failure -i
+test_run_rebase success ''
+test_run_rebase success -m
+test_run_rebase success -i
 test_run_rebase failure -p
 
 test_run_rebase () {
diff --git a/t/t3422-rebase-incompatible-options.sh b/t/t3422-rebase-incompatible-options.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..bb78a6ec86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3422-rebase-incompatible-options.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test if rebase detects and aborts on incompatible options'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_seq 2 9 >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m orig &&
+
+	git branch A &&
+	git branch B &&
+
+	git checkout A &&
+	test_seq 1 9 >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m A &&
+
+	git checkout B &&
+	echo "q qfoo();" | q_to_tab >>foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m B
+'
+
+#
+# Rebase has lots of useful options like --whitepsace=fix, which are
+# actually all built in terms of flags to git-am.  Since neither
+# --merge nor --interactive (nor any options that imply those two) use
+# git-am, using them together will result in flags like --whitespace=fix
+# being ignored.  Make sure rebase warns the user and aborts instead.
+#
+
+test_rebase_am_only () {
+	opt=$1
+	shift
+	test_expect_success "$opt incompatible with --merge" "
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase $opt --merge A
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success "$opt incompatible with --strategy=ours" "
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase $opt --strategy=ours A
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success "$opt incompatible with --strategy-option=ours" "
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase $opt --strategy-option=ours A
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success "$opt incompatible with --interactive" "
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase $opt --interactive A
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success "$opt incompatible with --exec" "
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase $opt --exec 'true' A
+	"
+
+}
+
+test_rebase_am_only --whitespace=fix
+test_rebase_am_only --ignore-whitespace
+test_rebase_am_only --committer-date-is-author-date
+test_rebase_am_only -C4
+
+test_expect_success '--preserve-merges incompatible with --signoff' '
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --preserve-merges --signoff A
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--preserve-merges incompatible with --rebase-merges' '
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --preserve-merges --rebase-merges A
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--rebase-merges incompatible with --strategy' '
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --rebase-merges -s resolve A
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--rebase-merges incompatible with --strategy-option' '
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --rebase-merges -Xignore-space-change A
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3423-rebase-reword.sh b/t/t3423-rebase-reword.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..6963750794
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3423-rebase-reword.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git rebase interactive with rewording'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-rebase.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit master file-1 test &&
+
+	git checkout -b stuff &&
+
+	test_commit feature_a file-2 aaa &&
+	test_commit feature_b file-2 ddd
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reword without issues functions as intended' '
+	test_when_finished "reset_rebase" &&
+
+	git checkout stuff^0 &&
+
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	FAKE_LINES="pick 1 reword 2" FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE="feature_b_reworded" \
+		git rebase -i -v master &&
+
+	test "$(git log -1 --format=%B)" = "feature_b_reworded" &&
+	test $(git rev-list --count HEAD) = 3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reword after a conflict preserves commit' '
+	test_when_finished "reset_rebase" &&
+
+	git checkout stuff^0 &&
+
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	test_must_fail env FAKE_LINES="reword 2" \
+		git rebase -i -v master &&
+
+	git checkout --theirs file-2 &&
+	git add file-2 &&
+	FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE="feature_b_reworded" git rebase --continue &&
+
+	test "$(git log -1 --format=%B)" = "feature_b_reworded" &&
+	test $(git rev-list --count HEAD) = 2
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3426-rebase-submodule.sh b/t/t3426-rebase-submodule.sh
index d5b896d445..a2bba04ba9 100755
--- a/t/t3426-rebase-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t3426-rebase-submodule.sh
@@ -38,9 +38,23 @@ git_rebase_interactive () {
 	git rebase -i "$1"
 }
 
-KNOWN_FAILURE_NOFF_MERGE_DOESNT_CREATE_EMPTY_SUBMODULE_DIR=1
-# The real reason "replace directory with submodule" fails is because a
-# directory "sub1" exists, but we reuse the suppression added for merge here
 test_submodule_switch "git_rebase_interactive"
 
+test_expect_success 'rebase interactive ignores modified submodules' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super sub" &&
+	git init sub &&
+	git -C sub commit --allow-empty -m "Initial commit" &&
+	git init super &&
+	git -C super submodule add ../sub &&
+	git -C super config submodule.sub.ignore dirty &&
+	>super/foo &&
+	git -C super add foo &&
+	git -C super commit -m "Initial commit" &&
+	test_commit -C super a &&
+	test_commit -C super b &&
+	test_commit -C super/sub c &&
+	set_fake_editor &&
+	git -C super rebase -i HEAD^^
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3427-rebase-subtree.sh b/t/t3427-rebase-subtree.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3780877e4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3427-rebase-subtree.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git rebase tests for -Xsubtree
+
+This test runs git rebase and tests the subtree strategy.
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-rebase.sh
+
+commit_message() {
+	git log --pretty=format:%s -1 "$1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit README &&
+	mkdir files &&
+	(
+		cd files &&
+		git init &&
+		test_commit master1 &&
+		test_commit master2 &&
+		test_commit master3
+	) &&
+	git fetch files master &&
+	git branch files-master FETCH_HEAD &&
+	git read-tree --prefix=files_subtree files-master &&
+	git checkout -- files_subtree &&
+	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	rev=$(git rev-parse --verify files-master^0) &&
+	commit=$(git commit-tree -p $head -p $rev -m "Add subproject master" $tree) &&
+	git update-ref HEAD $commit &&
+	(
+		cd files_subtree &&
+		test_commit master4
+	) &&
+	test_commit files_subtree/master5
+'
+
+# FAILURE: Does not preserve master4.
+test_expect_failure 'Rebase -Xsubtree --preserve-merges --onto commit 4' '
+	reset_rebase &&
+	git checkout -b rebase-preserve-merges-4 master &&
+	git filter-branch --prune-empty -f --subdirectory-filter files_subtree &&
+	git commit -m "Empty commit" --allow-empty &&
+	git rebase -Xsubtree=files_subtree --preserve-merges --onto files-master master &&
+	verbose test "$(commit_message HEAD~)" = "files_subtree/master4"
+'
+
+# FAILURE: Does not preserve master5.
+test_expect_failure 'Rebase -Xsubtree --preserve-merges --onto commit 5' '
+	reset_rebase &&
+	git checkout -b rebase-preserve-merges-5 master &&
+	git filter-branch --prune-empty -f --subdirectory-filter files_subtree &&
+	git commit -m "Empty commit" --allow-empty &&
+	git rebase -Xsubtree=files_subtree --preserve-merges --onto files-master master &&
+	verbose test "$(commit_message HEAD)" = "files_subtree/master5"
+'
+
+# FAILURE: Does not preserve master4.
+test_expect_failure 'Rebase -Xsubtree --keep-empty --preserve-merges --onto commit 4' '
+	reset_rebase &&
+	git checkout -b rebase-keep-empty-4 master &&
+	git filter-branch --prune-empty -f --subdirectory-filter files_subtree &&
+	git commit -m "Empty commit" --allow-empty &&
+	git rebase -Xsubtree=files_subtree --keep-empty --preserve-merges --onto files-master master &&
+	verbose test "$(commit_message HEAD~2)" = "files_subtree/master4"
+'
+
+# FAILURE: Does not preserve master5.
+test_expect_failure 'Rebase -Xsubtree --keep-empty --preserve-merges --onto commit 5' '
+	reset_rebase &&
+	git checkout -b rebase-keep-empty-5 master &&
+	git filter-branch --prune-empty -f --subdirectory-filter files_subtree &&
+	git commit -m "Empty commit" --allow-empty &&
+	git rebase -Xsubtree=files_subtree --keep-empty --preserve-merges --onto files-master master &&
+	verbose test "$(commit_message HEAD~)" = "files_subtree/master5"
+'
+
+# FAILURE: Does not preserve Empty.
+test_expect_failure 'Rebase -Xsubtree --keep-empty --preserve-merges --onto empty commit' '
+	reset_rebase &&
+	git checkout -b rebase-keep-empty-empty master &&
+	git filter-branch --prune-empty -f --subdirectory-filter files_subtree &&
+	git commit -m "Empty commit" --allow-empty &&
+	git rebase -Xsubtree=files_subtree --keep-empty --preserve-merges --onto files-master master &&
+	verbose test "$(commit_message HEAD)" = "Empty commit"
+'
+
+# FAILURE: fatal: Could not parse object
+test_expect_failure 'Rebase -Xsubtree --onto commit 4' '
+	reset_rebase &&
+	git checkout -b rebase-onto-4 master &&
+	git filter-branch --prune-empty -f --subdirectory-filter files_subtree &&
+	git commit -m "Empty commit" --allow-empty &&
+	git rebase -Xsubtree=files_subtree --onto files-master master &&
+	verbose test "$(commit_message HEAD~2)" = "files_subtree/master4"
+'
+
+# FAILURE: fatal: Could not parse object
+test_expect_failure 'Rebase -Xsubtree --onto commit 5' '
+	reset_rebase &&
+	git checkout -b rebase-onto-5 master &&
+	git filter-branch --prune-empty -f --subdirectory-filter files_subtree &&
+	git commit -m "Empty commit" --allow-empty &&
+	git rebase -Xsubtree=files_subtree --onto files-master master &&
+	verbose test "$(commit_message HEAD~)" = "files_subtree/master5"
+'
+# FAILURE: fatal: Could not parse object
+test_expect_failure 'Rebase -Xsubtree --onto empty commit' '
+	reset_rebase &&
+	git checkout -b rebase-onto-empty master &&
+	git filter-branch --prune-empty -f --subdirectory-filter files_subtree &&
+	git commit -m "Empty commit" --allow-empty &&
+	git rebase -Xsubtree=files_subtree --onto files-master master &&
+	verbose test "$(commit_message HEAD)" = "Empty commit"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3428-rebase-signoff.sh b/t/t3428-rebase-signoff.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f6993b7e14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3428-rebase-signoff.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git rebase --signoff
+
+This test runs git rebase --signoff and make sure that it works.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# A simple file to commit
+cat >file <<EOF
+a
+EOF
+
+# Expected commit message for initial commit after rebase --signoff
+cat >expected-initial-signed <<EOF
+Initial empty commit
+
+Signed-off-by: $(git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT | sed -e "s/>.*/>/")
+EOF
+
+# Expected commit message after rebase --signoff
+cat >expected-signed <<EOF
+first
+
+Signed-off-by: $(git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT | sed -e "s/>.*/>/")
+EOF
+
+# Expected commit message after rebase without --signoff (or with --no-signoff)
+cat >expected-unsigned <<EOF
+first
+EOF
+
+
+# We configure an alias to do the rebase --signoff so that
+# on the next subtest we can show that --no-signoff overrides the alias
+test_expect_success 'rebase --signoff adds a sign-off line' '
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "Initial empty commit" &&
+	git add file && git commit -m first &&
+	git config alias.rbs "rebase --signoff" &&
+	git rbs HEAD^ &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected-signed actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --no-signoff does not add a sign-off line' '
+	git commit --amend -m "first" &&
+	git rbs --no-signoff HEAD^ &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected-unsigned actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --exec --signoff adds a sign-off line' '
+	test_when_finished "rm exec" &&
+	git commit --amend -m "first" &&
+	git rebase --exec "touch exec" --signoff HEAD^ &&
+	test_path_is_file exec &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected-signed actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --root --signoff adds a sign-off line' '
+	git commit --amend -m "first" &&
+	git rebase --root --keep-empty --signoff &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD^ | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected-initial-signed actual &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected-signed actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --signoff fails' '
+	git commit --amend -m "first" &&
+	git rebase -i --signoff HEAD^ &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected-signed actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -m --signoff fails' '
+	git commit --amend -m "first" &&
+	git rebase -m --signoff HEAD^ &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected-signed actual
+'
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3429-rebase-edit-todo.sh b/t/t3429-rebase-edit-todo.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b9292dfc2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3429-rebase-edit-todo.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='rebase should reread the todo file if an exec modifies it'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase exec modifies rebase-todo' '
+	test_commit initial &&
+	todo=.git/rebase-merge/git-rebase-todo &&
+	git rebase HEAD -x "echo exec touch F >>$todo" &&
+	test -e F
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3430-rebase-merges.sh b/t/t3430-rebase-merges.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..aa7bfc88ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3430-rebase-merges.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,399 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2018 Johannes E. Schindelin
+#
+
+test_description='git rebase -i --rebase-merges
+
+This test runs git rebase "interactively", retaining the branch structure by
+recreating merge commits.
+
+Initial setup:
+
+    -- B --                   (first)
+   /       \
+ A - C - D - E - H            (master)
+   \    \       /
+    \    F - G                (second)
+     \
+      Conflicting-G
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-rebase.sh
+
+test_cmp_graph () {
+	cat >expect &&
+	git log --graph --boundary --format=%s "$@" >output &&
+	sed "s/ *$//" <output >output.trimmed &&
+	test_cmp expect output.trimmed
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	write_script replace-editor.sh <<-\EOF &&
+	mv "$1" "$(git rev-parse --git-path ORIGINAL-TODO)"
+	cp script-from-scratch "$1"
+	EOF
+
+	test_commit A &&
+	git checkout -b first &&
+	test_commit B &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_commit C &&
+	test_commit D &&
+	git merge --no-commit B &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m E &&
+	git tag -m E E &&
+	git checkout -b second C &&
+	test_commit F &&
+	test_commit G &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git merge --no-commit G &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m H &&
+	git tag -m H H &&
+	git checkout A &&
+	test_commit conflicting-G G.t
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create completely different structure' '
+	cat >script-from-scratch <<-\EOF &&
+	label onto
+
+	# onebranch
+	pick G
+	pick D
+	label onebranch
+
+	# second
+	reset onto
+	pick B
+	label second
+
+	reset onto
+	merge -C H second
+	merge onebranch # Merge the topic branch '\''onebranch'\''
+	EOF
+	test_config sequence.editor \""$PWD"/replace-editor.sh\" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase -i -r A master &&
+	test_cmp_graph <<-\EOF
+	*   Merge the topic branch '\''onebranch'\''
+	|\
+	| * D
+	| * G
+	* |   H
+	|\ \
+	| |/
+	|/|
+	| * B
+	|/
+	* A
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'generate correct todo list' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	label onto
+
+	reset onto
+	pick d9df450 B
+	label E
+
+	reset onto
+	pick 5dee784 C
+	label branch-point
+	pick ca2c861 F
+	pick 088b00a G
+	label H
+
+	reset branch-point # C
+	pick 12bd07b D
+	merge -C 2051b56 E # E
+	merge -C 233d48a H # H
+
+	EOF
+
+	grep -v "^#" <.git/ORIGINAL-TODO >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success '`reset` refuses to overwrite untracked files' '
+	git checkout -b refuse-to-reset &&
+	test_commit dont-overwrite-untracked &&
+	git checkout @{-1} &&
+	: >dont-overwrite-untracked.t &&
+	echo "reset refs/tags/dont-overwrite-untracked" >script-from-scratch &&
+	test_config sequence.editor \""$PWD"/replace-editor.sh\" &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -r HEAD &&
+	git rebase --abort
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'failed `merge -C` writes patch (may be rescheduled, too)' '
+	test_when_finished "test_might_fail git rebase --abort" &&
+	git checkout -b conflicting-merge A &&
+
+	: fail because of conflicting untracked file &&
+	>G.t &&
+	echo "merge -C H G" >script-from-scratch &&
+	test_config sequence.editor \""$PWD"/replace-editor.sh\" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -ir HEAD &&
+	grep "^merge -C .* G$" .git/rebase-merge/done &&
+	grep "^merge -C .* G$" .git/rebase-merge/git-rebase-todo &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/rebase-merge/patch &&
+
+	: fail because of merge conflict &&
+	rm G.t .git/rebase-merge/patch &&
+	git reset --hard conflicting-G &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
+	! grep "^merge -C .* G$" .git/rebase-merge/git-rebase-todo &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/rebase-merge/patch
+'
+
+SQ="'"
+test_expect_success 'failed `merge <branch>` does not crash' '
+	test_when_finished "test_might_fail git rebase --abort" &&
+	git checkout conflicting-G &&
+
+	echo "merge G" >script-from-scratch &&
+	test_config sequence.editor \""$PWD"/replace-editor.sh\" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -ir HEAD &&
+	! grep "^merge G$" .git/rebase-merge/git-rebase-todo &&
+	grep "^Merge branch ${SQ}G${SQ}$" .git/rebase-merge/message
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with a branch tip that was cherry-picked already' '
+	git checkout -b already-upstream master &&
+	base="$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)" &&
+
+	test_commit A1 &&
+	test_commit A2 &&
+	git reset --hard $base &&
+	test_commit B1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge -m "Merge branch A" A2 &&
+
+	git checkout -b upstream-with-a2 $base &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git cherry-pick A2 &&
+
+	git checkout already-upstream &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase -i -r upstream-with-a2 &&
+	test_cmp_graph upstream-with-a2.. <<-\EOF
+	*   Merge branch A
+	|\
+	| * A1
+	* | B1
+	|/
+	o A2
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not rebase cousins unless asked for' '
+	git checkout -b cousins master &&
+	before="$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase -r HEAD^ &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD $before &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase --rebase-merges=rebase-cousins HEAD^ &&
+	test_cmp_graph HEAD^.. <<-\EOF
+	*   Merge the topic branch '\''onebranch'\''
+	|\
+	| * D
+	| * G
+	|/
+	o H
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'refs/rewritten/* is worktree-local' '
+	git worktree add wt &&
+	cat >wt/script-from-scratch <<-\EOF &&
+	label xyz
+	exec GIT_DIR=../.git git rev-parse --verify refs/rewritten/xyz >a || :
+	exec git rev-parse --verify refs/rewritten/xyz >b
+	EOF
+
+	test_config -C wt sequence.editor \""$PWD"/replace-editor.sh\" &&
+	git -C wt rebase -i HEAD &&
+	test_must_be_empty wt/a &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD "$(cat wt/b)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'post-rewrite hook and fixups work for merges' '
+	git checkout -b post-rewrite &&
+	test_commit same1 &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	test_commit same2 &&
+	git merge -m "to fix up" same1 &&
+	echo same old same old >same2.t &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --fixup HEAD same2.t &&
+	fixup="$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+
+	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+	test_when_finished "rm .git/hooks/post-rewrite" &&
+	echo "cat >actual" | write_script .git/hooks/post-rewrite &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase -i --autosquash -r HEAD^^^ &&
+	printf "%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n" >expect $(git rev-parse \
+		$fixup^^2 HEAD^2 \
+		$fixup^^ HEAD^ \
+		$fixup^ HEAD \
+		$fixup HEAD) &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'refuse to merge ancestors of HEAD' '
+	echo "merge HEAD^" >script-from-scratch &&
+	test_config -C wt sequence.editor \""$PWD"/replace-editor.sh\" &&
+	before="$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD $before
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'root commits' '
+	git checkout --orphan unrelated &&
+	(GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="Parsnip" GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="root@example.com" \
+	 test_commit second-root) &&
+	test_commit third-root &&
+	cat >script-from-scratch <<-\EOF &&
+	pick third-root
+	label first-branch
+	reset [new root]
+	pick second-root
+	merge first-branch # Merge the 3rd root
+	EOF
+	test_config sequence.editor \""$PWD"/replace-editor.sh\" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase -i --force --root -r &&
+	test "Parsnip" = "$(git show -s --format=%an HEAD^)" &&
+	test $(git rev-parse second-root^0) != $(git rev-parse HEAD^) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse second-root:second-root.t) = \
+		$(git rev-parse HEAD^:second-root.t) &&
+	test_cmp_graph HEAD <<-\EOF &&
+	*   Merge the 3rd root
+	|\
+	| * third-root
+	* second-root
+	EOF
+
+	: fast forward if possible &&
+	before="$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)" &&
+	test_might_fail git config --unset sequence.editor &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase -i --root -r &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD $before
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'a "merge" into a root commit is a fast-forward' '
+	head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	cat >script-from-scratch <<-EOF &&
+	reset [new root]
+	merge $head
+	EOF
+	test_config sequence.editor \""$PWD"/replace-editor.sh\" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase -i -r HEAD^ &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD $head
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'A root commit can be a cousin, treat it that way' '
+	git checkout --orphan khnum &&
+	test_commit yama &&
+	git checkout -b asherah master &&
+	test_commit shamkat &&
+	git merge --allow-unrelated-histories khnum &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase -f -r HEAD^ &&
+	! test_cmp_rev HEAD^2 khnum &&
+	test_cmp_graph HEAD^.. <<-\EOF &&
+	*   Merge branch '\''khnum'\'' into asherah
+	|\
+	| * yama
+	o shamkat
+	EOF
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase --rebase-merges=rebase-cousins HEAD^ &&
+	test_cmp_graph HEAD^.. <<-\EOF
+	*   Merge branch '\''khnum'\'' into asherah
+	|\
+	| * yama
+	|/
+	o shamkat
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'labels that are object IDs are rewritten' '
+	git checkout -b third B &&
+	test_commit I &&
+	third=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git checkout -b labels master &&
+	git merge --no-commit third &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Merge commit '\''$third'\'' into labels" &&
+	echo noop >script-from-scratch &&
+	test_config sequence.editor \""$PWD"/replace-editor.sh\" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase -i -r A &&
+	grep "^label $third-" .git/ORIGINAL-TODO &&
+	! grep "^label $third$" .git/ORIGINAL-TODO
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'octopus merges' '
+	git checkout -b three &&
+	test_commit before-octopus &&
+	test_commit three &&
+	git checkout -b two HEAD^ &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	git checkout -b one HEAD^ &&
+	test_commit one &&
+	test_tick &&
+	(GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="Hank" GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="hank@sea.world" \
+	 git merge -m "Tüntenfüsch" two three) &&
+
+	: fast forward if possible &&
+	before="$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase -i -r HEAD^^ &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD $before &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase -i --force -r HEAD^^ &&
+	test "Hank" = "$(git show -s --format=%an HEAD)" &&
+	test "$before" != $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_cmp_graph HEAD^^.. <<-\EOF
+	*-.   Tüntenfüsch
+	|\ \
+	| | * three
+	| * | two
+	| |/
+	* | one
+	|/
+	o before-octopus
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with --autosquash and --exec' '
+	git checkout -b with-exec H &&
+	echo Booh >B.t &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --fixup B B.t &&
+	write_script show.sh <<-\EOF &&
+	subject="$(git show -s --format=%s HEAD)"
+	content="$(git diff HEAD^! | tail -n 1)"
+	echo "$subject: $content"
+	EOF
+	test_tick &&
+	git rebase -ir --autosquash --exec ./show.sh A >actual &&
+	grep "B: +Booh" actual &&
+	grep "E: +Booh" actual &&
+	grep "G: +G" actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh b/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
index 51f3bbb8af..d1c68af8c5 100755
--- a/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
+++ b/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick on stat-dirty working tree' '
 	(
 		cd copy &&
 		git checkout initial &&
-		test-chmtime +40 oops &&
+		test-tool chmtime +40 oops &&
 		git cherry-pick added
 	)
 '
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ test_expect_success 'revert forbidden on dirty working tree' '
 	echo content >extra_file &&
 	git add extra_file &&
 	test_must_fail git revert HEAD 2>errors &&
-	test_i18ngrep "Your local changes would be overwritten by " errors
+	test_i18ngrep "your local changes would be overwritten by " errors
 
 '
 
@@ -141,4 +141,18 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick "-" works with arguments' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick works with dirty renamed file' '
+	test_commit to-rename &&
+	git checkout -b unrelated &&
+	test_commit unrelated &&
+	git checkout @{-1} &&
+	git mv to-rename.t renamed &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m renamed &&
+	echo modified >renamed &&
+	git cherry-pick refs/heads/unrelated >out &&
+	test $(git rev-parse :0:renamed) = $(git rev-parse HEAD~2:to-rename.t) &&
+	grep -q "^modified$" renamed
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3502-cherry-pick-merge.sh b/t/t3502-cherry-pick-merge.sh
index e37547f41a..b1602718f8 100755
--- a/t/t3502-cherry-pick-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t3502-cherry-pick-merge.sh
@@ -31,6 +31,15 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -m complains of bogus numbers' '
+	# expect 129 here to distinguish between cases where
+	# there was nothing to cherry-pick
+	test_expect_code 129 git cherry-pick -m &&
+	test_expect_code 129 git cherry-pick -m foo b &&
+	test_expect_code 129 git cherry-pick -m -1 b &&
+	test_expect_code 129 git cherry-pick -m 0 b
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick a non-merge with -m should fail' '
 
 	git reset --hard &&
diff --git a/t/t3504-cherry-pick-rerere.sh b/t/t3504-cherry-pick-rerere.sh
index e6a64816ef..a267b2d144 100755
--- a/t/t3504-cherry-pick-rerere.sh
+++ b/t/t3504-cherry-pick-rerere.sh
@@ -5,14 +5,13 @@ test_description='cherry-pick should rerere for conflicts'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
-	echo foo >foo &&
-	git add foo && test_tick && git commit -q -m 1 &&
-	echo foo-master >foo &&
-	git add foo && test_tick && git commit -q -m 2 &&
-
-	git checkout -b dev HEAD^ &&
-	echo foo-dev >foo &&
-	git add foo && test_tick && git commit -q -m 3 &&
+	test_commit foo &&
+	test_commit foo-master foo &&
+	test_commit bar-master bar &&
+
+	git checkout -b dev foo &&
+	test_commit foo-dev foo &&
+	test_commit bar-dev bar &&
 	git config rerere.enabled true
 '
 
@@ -21,23 +20,80 @@ test_expect_success 'conflicting merge' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fixup' '
-	echo foo-dev >foo &&
-	git add foo && test_tick && git commit -q -m 4 &&
-	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
-	echo foo-dev >expect
+	echo foo-resolved >foo &&
+	echo bar-resolved >bar &&
+	git commit -am resolved &&
+	cp foo foo-expect &&
+	cp bar bar-expect &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'cherry-pick conflict' '
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick master &&
-	test_cmp expect foo
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick conflict with --rerere-autoupdate' '
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --rerere-autoupdate foo..bar-master &&
+	test_cmp foo-expect foo &&
+	git diff-files --quiet &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --continue &&
+	test_cmp bar-expect bar &&
+	git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git cherry-pick --continue &&
+	git reset --hard bar-dev
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick conflict repsects rerere.autoUpdate' '
+	test_config rerere.autoUpdate true &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick foo..bar-master &&
+	test_cmp foo-expect foo &&
+	git diff-files --quiet &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --continue &&
+	test_cmp bar-expect bar &&
+	git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git cherry-pick --continue &&
+	git reset --hard bar-dev
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick conflict with --no-rerere-autoupdate' '
+	test_config rerere.autoUpdate true &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --no-rerere-autoupdate foo..bar-master &&
+	test_cmp foo-expect foo &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git add foo &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --continue &&
+	test_cmp bar-expect bar &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git add bar &&
+	git cherry-pick --continue &&
+	git reset --hard bar-dev
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick --continue rejects --rerere-autoupdate' '
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --rerere-autoupdate foo..bar-master &&
+	test_cmp foo-expect foo &&
+	git diff-files --quiet &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --continue --rerere-autoupdate >actual 2>&1 &&
+	echo "fatal: cherry-pick: --rerere-autoupdate cannot be used with --continue" >expect &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --continue --no-rerere-autoupdate >actual 2>&1 &&
+	echo "fatal: cherry-pick: --no-rerere-autoupdate cannot be used with --continue" >expect &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual &&
+	git cherry-pick --abort
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'reconfigure' '
-	git config rerere.enabled false &&
-	git reset --hard
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick --rerere-autoupdate more than once' '
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --rerere-autoupdate --rerere-autoupdate foo..bar-master &&
+	test_cmp foo-expect foo &&
+	git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git cherry-pick --abort &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --rerere-autoupdate --no-rerere-autoupdate --rerere-autoupdate foo..bar-master &&
+	test_cmp foo-expect foo &&
+	git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git cherry-pick --abort &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --rerere-autoupdate --no-rerere-autoupdate foo..bar-master &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git cherry-pick --abort
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick conflict without rerere' '
+	test_config rerere.enabled false &&
 	test_must_fail git cherry-pick master &&
 	test_must_fail test_cmp expect foo
 '
diff --git a/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh b/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh
index 7c5ad08626..0db166152a 100755
--- a/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh
+++ b/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh
@@ -392,4 +392,17 @@ test_expect_success 'commit --amend -s places the sign-off at the right place' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick preserves sparse-checkout' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_config core.sparseCheckout true &&
+	test_when_finished "
+		echo \"/*\" >.git/info/sparse-checkout
+		git read-tree --reset -u HEAD
+		rm .git/info/sparse-checkout" &&
+	echo /unrelated >.git/info/sparse-checkout &&
+	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick -Xours picked>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "Changes not staged for commit:" actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3510-cherry-pick-sequence.sh b/t/t3510-cherry-pick-sequence.sh
index 7b7a89dbd5..c84eeefdc9 100755
--- a/t/t3510-cherry-pick-sequence.sh
+++ b/t/t3510-cherry-pick-sequence.sh
@@ -103,7 +103,8 @@ test_expect_success '--quit cleans up sequencer state' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
 	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..picked &&
 	git cherry-pick --quit &&
-	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer
+	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--quit keeps HEAD and conflicted index intact' '
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ test_expect_success '--quit keeps HEAD and conflicted index intact' '
 	{
 		git rev-list HEAD |
 		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
-		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+		sed "s/$OID_REGEX/OBJID/g"
 	} >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
@@ -132,6 +133,7 @@ test_expect_success '--abort to cancel multiple cherry-pick' '
 	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
 	git cherry-pick --abort &&
 	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/CHERRY_PICK_HEAD &&
 	test_cmp_rev initial HEAD &&
 	git update-index --refresh &&
 	git diff-index --exit-code HEAD
@@ -142,16 +144,28 @@ test_expect_success '--abort to cancel single cherry-pick' '
 	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick picked &&
 	git cherry-pick --abort &&
 	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/CHERRY_PICK_HEAD &&
 	test_cmp_rev initial HEAD &&
 	git update-index --refresh &&
 	git diff-index --exit-code HEAD
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--abort does not unsafely change HEAD' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick picked anotherpick &&
+	git reset --hard base &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick picked anotherpick &&
+	git cherry-pick --abort 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "You seem to have moved HEAD" actual &&
+	test_cmp_rev base HEAD
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick --abort to cancel multiple revert' '
 	pristine_detach anotherpick &&
 	test_expect_code 1 git revert base..picked &&
 	git cherry-pick --abort &&
 	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/CHERRY_PICK_HEAD &&
 	test_cmp_rev anotherpick HEAD &&
 	git update-index --refresh &&
 	git diff-index --exit-code HEAD
@@ -210,7 +224,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick still writes sequencer state when one commit is
 	{
 		git rev-list HEAD |
 		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
-		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+		sed "s/$OID_REGEX/OBJID/g"
 	} >actual &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	OBJID
@@ -229,6 +243,7 @@ test_expect_success '--abort after last commit in sequence' '
 	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..picked &&
 	git cherry-pick --abort &&
 	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/CHERRY_PICK_HEAD &&
 	test_cmp_rev initial HEAD &&
 	git update-index --refresh &&
 	git diff-index --exit-code HEAD
@@ -237,9 +252,9 @@ test_expect_success '--abort after last commit in sequence' '
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick does not implicitly stomp an existing operation' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
 	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
-	test-chmtime -v +0 .git/sequencer >expect &&
+	test-tool chmtime --get .git/sequencer >expect &&
 	test_expect_code 128 git cherry-pick unrelatedpick &&
-	test-chmtime -v +0 .git/sequencer >actual &&
+	test-tool chmtime --get .git/sequencer >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -307,7 +322,7 @@ test_expect_success '--continue after resolving conflicts' '
 	{
 		git rev-list HEAD |
 		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
-		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+		sed "s/$OID_REGEX/OBJID/g"
 	} >actual.log &&
 	test_cmp expect foo &&
 	test_cmp expect.log actual.log
@@ -324,7 +339,7 @@ test_expect_success '--continue after resolving conflicts and committing' '
 	{
 		git rev-list HEAD |
 		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
-		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+		sed "s/$OID_REGEX/OBJID/g"
 	} >actual &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	OBJID
@@ -375,7 +390,7 @@ test_expect_success '--continue respects opts' '
 	git cat-file commit HEAD~1 >picked_msg &&
 	git cat-file commit HEAD~2 >unrelatedpick_msg &&
 	git cat-file commit HEAD~3 >initial_msg &&
-	test_must_fail grep "cherry picked from" initial_msg &&
+	! grep "cherry picked from" initial_msg &&
 	grep "cherry picked from" unrelatedpick_msg &&
 	grep "cherry picked from" picked_msg &&
 	grep "cherry picked from" anotherpick_msg
@@ -416,9 +431,9 @@ test_expect_failure '--signoff is automatically propagated to resolved conflict'
 	git cat-file commit HEAD~1 >picked_msg &&
 	git cat-file commit HEAD~2 >unrelatedpick_msg &&
 	git cat-file commit HEAD~3 >initial_msg &&
-	test_must_fail grep "Signed-off-by:" initial_msg &&
+	! grep "Signed-off-by:" initial_msg &&
 	grep "Signed-off-by:" unrelatedpick_msg &&
-	test_must_fail grep "Signed-off-by:" picked_msg &&
+	! grep "Signed-off-by:" picked_msg &&
 	grep "Signed-off-by:" anotherpick_msg
 '
 
@@ -470,11 +485,16 @@ test_expect_success 'malformed instruction sheet 2' '
 	test_expect_code 128 git cherry-pick --continue
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'empty commit set' '
+test_expect_success 'empty commit set (no commits to walk)' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
 	test_expect_code 128 git cherry-pick base..base
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'empty commit set (culled during walk)' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_expect_code 128 git cherry-pick -2 --author=no.such.author base
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'malformed instruction sheet 3' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
 	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
diff --git a/t/t3511-cherry-pick-x.sh b/t/t3511-cherry-pick-x.sh
index b7dff09d06..9888bf34b9 100755
--- a/t/t3511-cherry-pick-x.sh
+++ b/t/t3511-cherry-pick-x.sh
@@ -25,9 +25,8 @@ Signed-off-by: B.U. Thor <buthor@example.com>"
 
 mesg_broken_footer="$mesg_no_footer
 
-The signed-off-by string should begin with the words Signed-off-by followed
-by a colon and space, and then the signers name and email address. e.g.
-Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>"
+This is not recognized as a footer because Myfooter is not a recognized token.
+Myfooter: A.U. Thor <author@example.com>"
 
 mesg_with_footer_sob="$mesg_with_footer
 Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>"
@@ -77,7 +76,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -x inserts blank line after one line subject' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	sha1=`git rev-parse mesg-one-line^0` &&
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse mesg-one-line^0) &&
 	git cherry-pick -x mesg-one-line &&
 	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
 		$mesg_one_line
@@ -112,9 +111,20 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -s inserts blank line after non-conforming foot
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -s recognizes trailer config' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	git -c "trailer.Myfooter.ifexists=add" cherry-pick -s mesg-broken-footer &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
+		$mesg_broken_footer
+		Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>
+	EOF
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -x inserts blank line when conforming footer not found' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	sha1=`git rev-parse mesg-no-footer^0` &&
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse mesg-no-footer^0) &&
 	git cherry-pick -x mesg-no-footer &&
 	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
 		$mesg_no_footer
@@ -139,7 +149,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -s inserts blank line when conforming footer no
 
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -x -s inserts blank line when conforming footer not found' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	sha1=`git rev-parse mesg-no-footer^0` &&
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse mesg-no-footer^0) &&
 	git cherry-pick -x -s mesg-no-footer &&
 	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
 		$mesg_no_footer
@@ -164,7 +174,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -s adds sob when last sob doesnt match committe
 
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -x -s adds sob when last sob doesnt match committer' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	sha1=`git rev-parse mesg-with-footer^0` &&
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse mesg-with-footer^0) &&
 	git cherry-pick -x -s mesg-with-footer &&
 	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
 		$mesg_with_footer
@@ -187,7 +197,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -s refrains from adding duplicate trailing sob'
 
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -x -s adds sob even when trailing sob exists for committer' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	sha1=`git rev-parse mesg-with-footer-sob^0` &&
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse mesg-with-footer-sob^0) &&
 	git cherry-pick -x -s mesg-with-footer-sob &&
 	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
 		$mesg_with_footer_sob
@@ -198,9 +208,53 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -x -s adds sob even when trailing sob exists fo
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -x handles commits with no NL at end of message' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	printf "title\n\nSigned-off-by: A <a@example.com>" >msg &&
+	sha1=$(git commit-tree -p initial mesg-with-footer^{tree} <msg) &&
+	git cherry-pick -x $sha1 &&
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+
+	printf "\n(cherry picked from commit %s)\n" $sha1 >>msg &&
+	test_cmp msg actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -x handles commits with no footer and no NL at end of message' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	printf "title\n\nnot a footer" >msg &&
+	sha1=$(git commit-tree -p initial mesg-with-footer^{tree} <msg) &&
+	git cherry-pick -x $sha1 &&
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+
+	printf "\n\n(cherry picked from commit %s)\n" $sha1 >>msg &&
+	test_cmp msg actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -s handles commits with no NL at end of message' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	printf "title\n\nSigned-off-by: A <a@example.com>" >msg &&
+	sha1=$(git commit-tree -p initial mesg-with-footer^{tree} <msg) &&
+	git cherry-pick -s $sha1 &&
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+
+	printf "\nSigned-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>\n" >>msg &&
+	test_cmp msg actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -s handles commits with no footer and no NL at end of message' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	printf "title\n\nnot a footer" >msg &&
+	sha1=$(git commit-tree -p initial mesg-with-footer^{tree} <msg) &&
+	git cherry-pick -s $sha1 &&
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+
+	printf "\n\nSigned-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>\n" >>msg &&
+	test_cmp msg actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -x treats "(cherry picked from..." line as part of footer' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	sha1=`git rev-parse mesg-with-cherry-footer^0` &&
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse mesg-with-cherry-footer^0) &&
 	git cherry-pick -x mesg-with-cherry-footer &&
 	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
 		$mesg_with_cherry_footer
@@ -223,7 +277,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -s treats "(cherry picked from..." line as part
 
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -x -s treats "(cherry picked from..." line as part of footer' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	sha1=`git rev-parse mesg-with-cherry-footer^0` &&
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse mesg-with-cherry-footer^0) &&
 	git cherry-pick -x -s mesg-with-cherry-footer &&
 	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
 		$mesg_with_cherry_footer
diff --git a/t/t3512-cherry-pick-submodule.sh b/t/t3512-cherry-pick-submodule.sh
index 6863b7bb6f..bd78287841 100755
--- a/t/t3512-cherry-pick-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t3512-cherry-pick-submodule.sh
@@ -5,9 +5,44 @@ test_description='cherry-pick can handle submodules'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-submodule-update.sh
 
-KNOWN_FAILURE_CHERRY_PICK_SEES_EMPTY_COMMIT=1
 KNOWN_FAILURE_NOFF_MERGE_DOESNT_CREATE_EMPTY_SUBMODULE_DIR=1
 KNOWN_FAILURE_NOFF_MERGE_ATTEMPTS_TO_MERGE_REMOVED_SUBMODULE_FILES=1
 test_submodule_switch "git cherry-pick"
 
+test_expect_success 'unrelated submodule/file conflict is ignored' '
+	test_create_repo sub &&
+
+	touch sub/file &&
+	git -C sub add file &&
+	git -C sub commit -m "add a file in a submodule" &&
+
+	test_create_repo a_repo &&
+	(
+		cd a_repo &&
+		>a_file &&
+		git add a_file &&
+		git commit -m "add a file" &&
+
+		git branch test &&
+		git checkout test &&
+
+		mkdir sub &&
+		>sub/content &&
+		git add sub/content &&
+		git commit -m "add a regular folder with name sub" &&
+
+		echo "123" >a_file &&
+		git add a_file &&
+		git commit -m "modify a file" &&
+
+		git checkout master &&
+
+		git submodule add ../sub sub &&
+		git submodule update sub &&
+		git commit -m "add a submodule info folder with name sub" &&
+
+		git cherry-pick test
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3513-revert-submodule.sh b/t/t3513-revert-submodule.sh
index a1c4e0216f..5e39fcdb66 100755
--- a/t/t3513-revert-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t3513-revert-submodule.sh
@@ -14,18 +14,17 @@ test_description='revert can handle submodules'
 git_revert () {
 	git status -su >expect &&
 	ls -1pR * >>expect &&
-	tar czf "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/tmp.tgz" * &&
+	tar cf "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/tmp.tar" * &&
 	git checkout "$1" &&
 	git revert HEAD &&
 	rm -rf * &&
-	tar xzf "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/tmp.tgz" &&
+	tar xf "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/tmp.tar" &&
 	git status -su >actual &&
 	ls -1pR * >>actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 	git revert HEAD
 }
 
-KNOWN_FAILURE_CHERRY_PICK_SEES_EMPTY_COMMIT=1
 KNOWN_FAILURE_NOFF_MERGE_DOESNT_CREATE_EMPTY_SUBMODULE_DIR=1
 test_submodule_switch "git_revert"
 
diff --git a/t/t3600-rm.sh b/t/t3600-rm.sh
index 9d90d2c935..04e5d42bd3 100755
--- a/t/t3600-rm.sh
+++ b/t/t3600-rm.sh
@@ -14,15 +14,13 @@ test_expect_success \
      git add -- foo bar baz 'space embedded' -q &&
      git commit -m 'add normal files'"
 
-if touch -- 'tab	embedded' 'newline
-embedded' 2>/dev/null
-then
-	test_set_prereq FUNNYNAMES
-else
+if test_have_prereq !FUNNYNAMES; then
 	say 'Your filesystem does not allow tabs in filenames.'
 fi
 
 test_expect_success FUNNYNAMES 'add files with funny names' "
+     touch -- 'tab	embedded' 'newline
+embedded' &&
      git add -- 'tab	embedded' 'newline
 embedded' &&
      git commit -m 'add files with tabs and newlines'
@@ -97,9 +95,9 @@ test_expect_success FUNNYNAMES \
 embedded'"
 
 test_expect_success SANITY 'Test that "git rm -f" fails if its rm fails' '
+	test_when_finished "chmod 775 ." &&
 	chmod a-w . &&
-	test_must_fail git rm -f baz &&
-	chmod 775 .
+	test_must_fail git rm -f baz
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -111,21 +109,21 @@ test_expect_success 'Remove nonexistent file with --ignore-unmatch' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success '"rm" command printed' '
-	echo frotz > test-file &&
+	echo frotz >test-file &&
 	git add test-file &&
 	git commit -m "add file for rm test" &&
-	git rm test-file > rm-output &&
-	test `grep "^rm " rm-output | wc -l` = 1 &&
+	git rm test-file >rm-output &&
+	test $(grep "^rm " rm-output | wc -l) = 1 &&
 	rm -f test-file rm-output &&
 	git commit -m "remove file from rm test"
 '
 
 test_expect_success '"rm" command suppressed with --quiet' '
-	echo frotz > test-file &&
+	echo frotz >test-file &&
 	git add test-file &&
 	git commit -m "add file for rm --quiet test" &&
-	git rm --quiet test-file > rm-output &&
-	test `wc -l < rm-output` = 0 &&
+	git rm --quiet test-file >rm-output &&
+	test_must_be_empty rm-output &&
 	rm -f test-file rm-output &&
 	git commit -m "remove file from rm --quiet test"
 '
@@ -221,7 +219,7 @@ test_expect_success 'Call "rm" from outside the work tree' '
 	mkdir repo &&
 	(cd repo &&
 	 git init &&
-	 echo something > somefile &&
+	 echo something >somefile &&
 	 git add somefile &&
 	 git commit -m "add a file" &&
 	 (cd .. &&
@@ -232,7 +230,7 @@ test_expect_success 'Call "rm" from outside the work tree' '
 test_expect_success 'refresh index before checking if it is up-to-date' '
 
 	git reset --hard &&
-	test-chmtime -86400 frotz/nitfol &&
+	test-tool chmtime -86400 frotz/nitfol &&
 	git rm frotz/nitfol &&
 	test ! -f frotz/nitfol
 
@@ -268,6 +266,14 @@ cat >expect.modified <<EOF
  M submod
 EOF
 
+cat >expect.modified_inside <<EOF
+ m submod
+EOF
+
+cat >expect.modified_untracked <<EOF
+ ? submod
+EOF
+
 cat >expect.cached <<EOF
 D  submod
 EOF
@@ -287,7 +293,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rm removes empty submodules from work tree' '
 	git commit -m "add submodule" &&
 	git rm submod &&
 	test ! -e submod &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 	test_must_fail git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.url &&
 	test_must_fail git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.path
@@ -298,7 +304,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rm removes removed submodule from index and .gitmodules' '
 	git submodule update &&
 	rm -rf submod &&
 	git rm submod &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 	test_must_fail git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.url &&
 	test_must_fail git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.path
@@ -309,7 +315,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rm removes work tree of unmodified submodules' '
 	git submodule update &&
 	git rm submod &&
 	test ! -d submod &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 	test_must_fail git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.url &&
 	test_must_fail git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.path
@@ -320,7 +326,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rm removes a submodule with a trailing /' '
 	git submodule update &&
 	git rm submod/ &&
 	test ! -d submod &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -335,17 +341,15 @@ test_expect_success 'rm succeeds when given a directory with a trailing /' '
 test_expect_success 'rm of a populated submodule with different HEAD fails unless forced' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git submodule update &&
-	(cd submod &&
-		git checkout HEAD^
-	) &&
+	git -C submod checkout HEAD^ &&
 	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
 	test -d submod &&
 	test -f submod/.git &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.modified actual &&
 	git rm -f submod &&
 	test ! -d submod &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 	test_must_fail git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.url &&
 	test_must_fail git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.path
@@ -376,7 +380,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rm does not complain when no .gitmodules file is found' '
 	git submodule update &&
 	git rm .gitmodules &&
 	git rm submod >actual 2>actual.err &&
-	! test -s actual.err &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.err &&
 	! test -d submod &&
 	! test -f submod/.git &&
 	git status -s -uno >actual &&
@@ -394,7 +398,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rm will error out on a modified .gitmodules file unless sta
 	git diff-files --quiet -- submod &&
 	git add .gitmodules &&
 	git rm submod >actual 2>actual.err &&
-	! test -s actual.err &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.err &&
 	! test -d submod &&
 	! test -f submod/.git &&
 	git status -s -uno >actual &&
@@ -418,34 +422,30 @@ test_expect_success 'rm issues a warning when section is not found in .gitmodule
 test_expect_success 'rm of a populated submodule with modifications fails unless forced' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git submodule update &&
-	(cd submod &&
-		echo X >empty
-	) &&
+	echo X >submod/empty &&
 	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
 	test -d submod &&
 	test -f submod/.git &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
-	test_cmp expect.modified actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.modified_inside actual &&
 	git rm -f submod &&
 	test ! -d submod &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rm of a populated submodule with untracked files fails unless forced' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git submodule update &&
-	(cd submod &&
-		echo X >untracked
-	) &&
+	echo X >submod/untracked &&
 	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
 	test -d submod &&
 	test -f submod/.git &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
-	test_cmp expect.modified actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.modified_untracked actual &&
 	git rm -f submod &&
 	test ! -d submod &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -461,16 +461,12 @@ test_expect_success 'setup submodule conflict' '
 	git add nitfol &&
 	git commit -m "added nitfol 2" &&
 	git checkout -b conflict1 master &&
-	(cd submod &&
-		git fetch &&
-		git checkout branch1
-	) &&
+	git -C submod fetch &&
+	git -C submod checkout branch1 &&
 	git add submod &&
 	git commit -m "submod 1" &&
 	git checkout -b conflict2 master &&
-	(cd submod &&
-		git checkout branch2
-	) &&
+	git -C submod checkout branch2 &&
 	git add submod &&
 	git commit -m "submod 2"
 '
@@ -486,7 +482,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rm removes work tree of unmodified conflicted submodule' '
 	test_must_fail git merge conflict2 &&
 	git rm submod &&
 	test ! -d submod &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -494,18 +490,16 @@ test_expect_success 'rm of a conflicted populated submodule with different HEAD
 	git checkout conflict1 &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git submodule update &&
-	(cd submod &&
-		git checkout HEAD^
-	) &&
+	git -C submod checkout HEAD^ &&
 	test_must_fail git merge conflict2 &&
 	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
 	test -d submod &&
 	test -f submod/.git &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.conflict actual &&
 	git rm -f submod &&
 	test ! -d submod &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 	test_must_fail git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.url &&
 	test_must_fail git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.path
@@ -515,18 +509,16 @@ test_expect_success 'rm of a conflicted populated submodule with modifications f
 	git checkout conflict1 &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git submodule update &&
-	(cd submod &&
-		echo X >empty
-	) &&
+	echo X >submod/empty &&
 	test_must_fail git merge conflict2 &&
 	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
 	test -d submod &&
 	test -f submod/.git &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.conflict actual &&
 	git rm -f submod &&
 	test ! -d submod &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 	test_must_fail git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.url &&
 	test_must_fail git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.path
@@ -536,18 +528,16 @@ test_expect_success 'rm of a conflicted populated submodule with untracked files
 	git checkout conflict1 &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git submodule update &&
-	(cd submod &&
-		echo X >untracked
-	) &&
+	echo X >submod/untracked &&
 	test_must_fail git merge conflict2 &&
 	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
 	test -d submod &&
 	test -f submod/.git &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.conflict actual &&
 	git rm -f submod &&
 	test ! -d submod &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -564,12 +554,12 @@ test_expect_success 'rm of a conflicted populated submodule with a .git director
 	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
 	test -d submod &&
 	test -d submod/.git &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.conflict actual &&
 	test_must_fail git rm -f submod &&
 	test -d submod &&
 	test -d submod/.git &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.conflict actual &&
 	git merge --abort &&
 	rm -rf submod
@@ -581,30 +571,26 @@ test_expect_success 'rm of a conflicted unpopulated submodule succeeds' '
 	test_must_fail git merge conflict2 &&
 	git rm submod &&
 	test ! -d submod &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'rm of a populated submodule with a .git directory fails even when forced' '
+test_expect_success 'rm of a populated submodule with a .git directory migrates git dir' '
 	git checkout -f master &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git submodule update &&
 	(cd submod &&
 		rm .git &&
 		cp -R ../.git/modules/sub .git &&
-		GIT_WORK_TREE=. git config --unset core.worktree
+		GIT_WORK_TREE=. git config --unset core.worktree &&
+		rm -r ../.git/modules/sub
 	) &&
-	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
-	test -d submod &&
-	test -d submod/.git &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
-	! test -s actual &&
-	test_must_fail git rm -f submod &&
-	test -d submod &&
-	test -d submod/.git &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
-	! test -s actual &&
-	rm -rf submod
+	git rm submod 2>output.err &&
+	! test -d submod &&
+	! test -d submod/.git &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
+	test -s actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep Migrating output.err
 '
 
 cat >expect.deepmodified <<EOF
@@ -629,95 +615,84 @@ test_expect_success 'setup subsubmodule' '
 test_expect_success 'rm recursively removes work tree of unmodified submodules' '
 	git rm submod &&
 	test ! -d submod &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rm of a populated nested submodule with different nested HEAD fails unless forced' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git submodule update --recursive &&
-	(cd submod/subsubmod &&
-		git checkout HEAD^
-	) &&
+	git -C submod/subsubmod checkout HEAD^ &&
 	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
 	test -d submod &&
 	test -f submod/.git &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
-	test_cmp expect.modified actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.modified_inside actual &&
 	git rm -f submod &&
 	test ! -d submod &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rm of a populated nested submodule with nested modifications fails unless forced' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git submodule update --recursive &&
-	(cd submod/subsubmod &&
-		echo X >empty
-	) &&
+	echo X >submod/subsubmod/empty &&
 	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
 	test -d submod &&
 	test -f submod/.git &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
-	test_cmp expect.modified actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.modified_inside actual &&
 	git rm -f submod &&
 	test ! -d submod &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rm of a populated nested submodule with nested untracked files fails unless forced' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git submodule update --recursive &&
-	(cd submod/subsubmod &&
-		echo X >untracked
-	) &&
+	echo X >submod/subsubmod/untracked &&
 	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
 	test -d submod &&
 	test -f submod/.git &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
-	test_cmp expect.modified actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.modified_untracked actual &&
 	git rm -f submod &&
 	test ! -d submod &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'rm of a populated nested submodule with a nested .git directory fails even when forced' '
+test_expect_success "rm absorbs submodule's nested .git directory" '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git submodule update --recursive &&
 	(cd submod/subsubmod &&
 		rm .git &&
-		cp -R ../../.git/modules/sub/modules/sub .git &&
+		mv ../../.git/modules/sub/modules/sub .git &&
 		GIT_WORK_TREE=. git config --unset core.worktree
 	) &&
-	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
-	test -d submod &&
-	test -d submod/subsubmod/.git &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
-	! test -s actual &&
-	test_must_fail git rm -f submod &&
-	test -d submod &&
-	test -d submod/subsubmod/.git &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
-	! test -s actual &&
-	rm -rf submod
+	git rm submod 2>output.err &&
+	! test -d submod &&
+	! test -d submod/subsubmod/.git &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
+	test -s actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep Migrating output.err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checking out a commit after submodule removal needs manual updates' '
-	git commit -m "submodule removal" submod &&
+	git commit -m "submodule removal" submod .gitmodules &&
 	git checkout HEAD^ &&
 	git submodule update &&
-	git checkout -q HEAD^ 2>actual &&
+	git checkout -q HEAD^ &&
 	git checkout -q master 2>actual &&
-	test_i18ngrep "^warning: unable to rmdir submod:" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "^warning: unable to rmdir '\''submod'\'':" actual &&
 	git status -s submod >actual &&
 	echo "?? submod/" >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual &&
 	rm -rf submod &&
-	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
-	! test -s actual
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rm of d/f when d has become a non-directory' '
@@ -881,4 +856,8 @@ test_expect_success 'rm files with two different errors' '
 	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rm empty string should fail' '
+	test_must_fail git rm -rf ""
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3700-add.sh b/t/t3700-add.sh
index f7ff1f555d..37729ba258 100755
--- a/t/t3700-add.sh
+++ b/t/t3700-add.sh
@@ -7,6 +7,20 @@ test_description='Test of git add, including the -- option.'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+# Test the file mode "$1" of the file "$2" in the index.
+test_mode_in_index () {
+	case "$(git ls-files -s "$2")" in
+	"$1 "*"	$2")
+		echo pass
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo fail
+		git ls-files -s "$2"
+		return 1
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
 test_expect_success \
     'Test of git add' \
     'touch foo && git add foo'
@@ -25,18 +39,12 @@ test_expect_success \
 	 echo foo >xfoo1 &&
 	 chmod 755 xfoo1 &&
 	 git add xfoo1 &&
-	 case "`git ls-files --stage xfoo1`" in
-	 100644" "*xfoo1) echo pass;;
-	 *) echo fail; git ls-files --stage xfoo1; (exit 1);;
-	 esac'
+	 test_mode_in_index 100644 xfoo1'
 
 test_expect_success 'git add: filemode=0 should not get confused by symlink' '
 	rm -f xfoo1 &&
 	test_ln_s_add foo xfoo1 &&
-	case "`git ls-files --stage xfoo1`" in
-	120000" "*xfoo1) echo pass;;
-	*) echo fail; git ls-files --stage xfoo1; (exit 1);;
-	esac
+	test_mode_in_index 120000 xfoo1
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -45,28 +53,19 @@ test_expect_success \
 	 echo foo >xfoo2 &&
 	 chmod 755 xfoo2 &&
 	 git update-index --add xfoo2 &&
-	 case "`git ls-files --stage xfoo2`" in
-	 100644" "*xfoo2) echo pass;;
-	 *) echo fail; git ls-files --stage xfoo2; (exit 1);;
-	 esac'
+	 test_mode_in_index 100644 xfoo2'
 
 test_expect_success 'git add: filemode=0 should not get confused by symlink' '
 	rm -f xfoo2 &&
 	test_ln_s_add foo xfoo2 &&
-	case "`git ls-files --stage xfoo2`" in
-	120000" "*xfoo2) echo pass;;
-	*) echo fail; git ls-files --stage xfoo2; (exit 1);;
-	esac
+	test_mode_in_index 120000 xfoo2
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'git update-index --add: Test that executable bit is not used...' \
 	'git config core.filemode 0 &&
 	 test_ln_s_add xfoo2 xfoo3 &&	# runs git update-index --add
-	 case "`git ls-files --stage xfoo3`" in
-	 120000" "*xfoo3) echo pass;;
-	 *) echo fail; git ls-files --stage xfoo3; (exit 1);;
-	 esac'
+	 test_mode_in_index 120000 xfoo3'
 
 test_expect_success '.gitignore test setup' '
 	echo "*.ig" >.gitignore &&
@@ -157,9 +156,9 @@ test_expect_success 'git add with filemode=0, symlinks=0, and unmerged entries'
 test_expect_success 'git add with filemode=0, symlinks=0 prefers stage 2 over stage 1' '
 	git rm --cached -f file symlink &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $(git hash-object -w stage1) 1	file"
-		echo "100755 $(git hash-object -w stage2) 2	file"
-		echo "100644 $(printf 1 | git hash-object -w -t blob --stdin) 1	symlink"
+		echo "100644 $(git hash-object -w stage1) 1	file" &&
+		echo "100755 $(git hash-object -w stage2) 2	file" &&
+		echo "100644 $(printf 1 | git hash-object -w -t blob --stdin) 1	symlink" &&
 		echo "120000 $(printf 2 | git hash-object -w -t blob --stdin) 2	symlink"
 	) | git update-index --index-info &&
 	git config core.filemode 0 &&
@@ -173,14 +172,14 @@ test_expect_success 'git add with filemode=0, symlinks=0 prefers stage 2 over st
 
 test_expect_success 'git add --refresh' '
 	>foo && git add foo && git commit -a -m "commit all" &&
-	test -z "`git diff-index HEAD -- foo`" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff-index HEAD -- foo)" &&
 	git read-tree HEAD &&
-	case "`git diff-index HEAD -- foo`" in
+	case "$(git diff-index HEAD -- foo)" in
 	:100644" "*"M	foo") echo pass;;
 	*) echo fail; (exit 1);;
 	esac &&
 	git add --refresh -- foo &&
-	test -z "`git diff-index HEAD -- foo`"
+	test -z "$(git diff-index HEAD -- foo)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git add --refresh with pathspec' '
@@ -188,10 +187,9 @@ test_expect_success 'git add --refresh with pathspec' '
 	echo >foo && echo >bar && echo >baz &&
 	git add foo bar baz && H=$(git rev-parse :foo) && git rm -f foo &&
 	echo "100644 $H 3	foo" | git update-index --index-info &&
-	test-chmtime -60 bar baz &&
-	>expect &&
+	test-tool chmtime -60 bar baz &&
 	git add --refresh bar >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
 	git diff-files --name-only >actual &&
 	! grep bar actual&&
@@ -266,7 +264,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git add to resolve conflicts on otherwise ignored path' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	H=$(git rev-parse :1/2/a) &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $H 1	track-this"
+		echo "100644 $H 1	track-this" &&
 		echo "100644 $H 3	track-this"
 	) | git update-index --index-info &&
 	echo track-this >>.gitignore &&
@@ -332,4 +330,76 @@ test_expect_success 'git add --dry-run --ignore-missing of non-existing file out
 	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git add empty string should fail' '
+	test_must_fail git add ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git add --chmod=[+-]x stages correctly' '
+	rm -f foo1 &&
+	echo foo >foo1 &&
+	git add --chmod=+x foo1 &&
+	test_mode_in_index 100755 foo1 &&
+	git add --chmod=-x foo1 &&
+	test_mode_in_index 100644 foo1
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SYMLINKS 'git add --chmod=+x with symlinks' '
+	git config core.filemode 1 &&
+	git config core.symlinks 1 &&
+	rm -f foo2 &&
+	echo foo >foo2 &&
+	git add --chmod=+x foo2 &&
+	test_mode_in_index 100755 foo2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git add --chmod=[+-]x changes index with already added file' '
+	rm -f foo3 xfoo3 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo foo >foo3 &&
+	git add foo3 &&
+	git add --chmod=+x foo3 &&
+	test_mode_in_index 100755 foo3 &&
+	echo foo >xfoo3 &&
+	chmod 755 xfoo3 &&
+	git add xfoo3 &&
+	git add --chmod=-x xfoo3 &&
+	test_mode_in_index 100644 xfoo3
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'git add --chmod=[+-]x does not change the working tree' '
+	echo foo >foo4 &&
+	git add foo4 &&
+	git add --chmod=+x foo4 &&
+	! test -x foo4
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no file status change if no pathspec is given' '
+	>foo5 &&
+	>foo6 &&
+	git add foo5 foo6 &&
+	git add --chmod=+x &&
+	test_mode_in_index 100644 foo5 &&
+	test_mode_in_index 100644 foo6
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no file status change if no pathspec is given in subdir' '
+	mkdir -p sub &&
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		>sub-foo1 &&
+		>sub-foo2 &&
+		git add . &&
+		git add --chmod=+x &&
+		test_mode_in_index 100644 sub-foo1 &&
+		test_mode_in_index 100644 sub-foo2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'all statuses changed in folder if . is given' '
+	git add --chmod=+x . &&
+	test $(git ls-files --stage | grep ^100644 | wc -l) -eq 0 &&
+	git add --chmod=-x . &&
+	test $(git ls-files --stage | grep ^100755 | wc -l) -eq 0
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh b/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh
index 24ddd8a704..609fbfdc31 100755
--- a/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh
+++ b/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 test_description='add -i basic tests'
 . ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
 
 if ! test_have_prereq PERL
 then
@@ -9,6 +10,19 @@ then
 	test_done
 fi
 
+diff_cmp () {
+	for x
+	do
+		sed  -e '/^index/s/[0-9a-f]*[1-9a-f][0-9a-f]*\.\./1234567../' \
+		     -e '/^index/s/\.\.[0-9a-f]*[1-9a-f][0-9a-f]*/..9abcdef/' \
+		     -e '/^index/s/ 00*\.\./ 0000000../' \
+		     -e '/^index/s/\.\.00*$/..0000000/' \
+		     -e '/^index/s/\.\.00* /..0000000 /' \
+		     "$x" >"$x.filtered"
+	done
+	test_cmp "$1.filtered" "$2.filtered"
+}
+
 test_expect_success 'setup (initial)' '
 	echo content >file &&
 	git add file &&
@@ -21,24 +35,24 @@ test_expect_success 'status works (initial)' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup expected' '
-cat >expected <<EOF
-new file mode 100644
-index 0000000..d95f3ad
---- /dev/null
-+++ b/file
-@@ -0,0 +1 @@
-+content
-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..d95f3ad
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/file
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+content
+	EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'diff works (initial)' '
-	(echo d; echo 1) | git add -i >output &&
+	test_write_lines d 1 | git add -i >output &&
 	sed -ne "/new file/,/content/p" <output >diff &&
-	test_cmp expected diff
+	diff_cmp expected diff
 '
 test_expect_success 'revert works (initial)' '
 	git add file &&
-	(echo r; echo 1) | git add -i &&
+	test_write_lines r 1 | git add -i &&
 	git ls-files >output &&
 	! grep . output
 '
@@ -58,114 +72,150 @@ test_expect_success 'status works (commit)' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup expected' '
-cat >expected <<EOF
-index 180b47c..b6f2c08 100644
---- a/file
-+++ b/file
-@@ -1 +1,2 @@
- baseline
-+content
-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF
+	index 180b47c..b6f2c08 100644
+	--- a/file
+	+++ b/file
+	@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+	 baseline
+	+content
+	EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'diff works (commit)' '
-	(echo d; echo 1) | git add -i >output &&
+	test_write_lines d 1 | git add -i >output &&
 	sed -ne "/^index/,/content/p" <output >diff &&
-	test_cmp expected diff
+	diff_cmp expected diff
 '
 test_expect_success 'revert works (commit)' '
 	git add file &&
-	(echo r; echo 1) | git add -i &&
+	test_write_lines r 1 | git add -i &&
 	git add -i </dev/null >output &&
 	grep "unchanged *+3/-0 file" output
 '
 
 
 test_expect_success 'setup expected' '
-cat >expected <<EOF
-EOF
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'setup fake editor' '
-	>fake_editor.sh &&
-	chmod a+x fake_editor.sh &&
-	test_set_editor "$(pwd)/fake_editor.sh"
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF
+	EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'dummy edit works' '
-	(echo e; echo a) | git add -p &&
+	test_set_editor : &&
+	test_write_lines e a | git add -p &&
 	git diff > diff &&
-	test_cmp expected diff
+	diff_cmp expected diff
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup patch' '
-cat >patch <<EOF
-@@ -1,1 +1,4 @@
- this
-+patch
--does not
- apply
-EOF
+	cat >patch <<-\EOF
+	@@ -1,1 +1,4 @@
+	 this
+	+patch
+	-does not
+	 apply
+	EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup fake editor' '
-	echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" >fake_editor.sh &&
-	cat >>fake_editor.sh <<\EOF &&
-mv -f "$1" oldpatch &&
-mv -f patch "$1"
-EOF
-	chmod a+x fake_editor.sh &&
+	write_script "fake_editor.sh" <<-\EOF &&
+	mv -f "$1" oldpatch &&
+	mv -f patch "$1"
+	EOF
 	test_set_editor "$(pwd)/fake_editor.sh"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'bad edit rejected' '
 	git reset &&
-	(echo e; echo n; echo d) | git add -p >output &&
+	test_write_lines e n d | git add -p >output &&
 	grep "hunk does not apply" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup patch' '
-cat >patch <<EOF
-this patch
-is garbage
-EOF
+	cat >patch <<-\EOF
+	this patch
+	is garbage
+	EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'garbage edit rejected' '
 	git reset &&
-	(echo e; echo n; echo d) | git add -p >output &&
+	test_write_lines e n d | git add -p >output &&
 	grep "hunk does not apply" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup patch' '
-cat >patch <<EOF
-@@ -1,0 +1,0 @@
- baseline
-+content
-+newcontent
-+lines
-EOF
+	cat >patch <<-\EOF
+	@@ -1,0 +1,0 @@
+	 baseline
+	+content
+	+newcontent
+	+lines
+	EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup expected' '
-cat >expected <<EOF
-diff --git a/file b/file
-index b5dd6c9..f910ae9 100644
---- a/file
-+++ b/file
-@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
- baseline
- content
--newcontent
-+more
- lines
-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF
+	diff --git a/file b/file
+	index b5dd6c9..f910ae9 100644
+	--- a/file
+	+++ b/file
+	@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
+	 baseline
+	 content
+	-newcontent
+	+more
+	 lines
+	EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'real edit works' '
-	(echo e; echo n; echo d) | git add -p &&
+	test_write_lines e n d | git add -p &&
 	git diff >output &&
-	test_cmp expected output
+	diff_cmp expected output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup file' '
+	test_write_lines a "" b "" c >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_write_lines a "" d "" c >file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup patch' '
+	SP=" " &&
+	NULL="" &&
+	cat >patch <<-EOF
+	@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
+	 a
+	$NULL
+	-b
+	+f
+	$SP
+	c
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup expected' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF
+	diff --git a/file b/file
+	index b5dd6c9..f910ae9 100644
+	--- a/file
+	+++ b/file
+	@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+	 a
+	$SP
+	-f
+	+d
+	$SP
+	 c
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'edit can strip spaces from empty context lines' '
+	test_write_lines e n q | git add -p 2>error &&
+	test_must_be_empty error &&
+	git diff >output &&
+	diff_cmp expected output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'skip files similarly as commit -a' '
@@ -177,7 +227,7 @@ test_expect_success 'skip files similarly as commit -a' '
 	git reset &&
 	git commit -am commit &&
 	git diff >expected &&
-	test_cmp expected output &&
+	diff_cmp expected output &&
 	git reset --hard HEAD^
 '
 rm -f .gitignore
@@ -221,52 +271,67 @@ test_expect_success 'setup again' '
 
 # Write the patch file with a new line at the top and bottom
 test_expect_success 'setup patch' '
-cat >patch <<EOF
-index 180b47c..b6f2c08 100644
---- a/file
-+++ b/file
-@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
-+firstline
- baseline
- content
-+lastline
-EOF
-'
-
-# Expected output, similar to the patch but w/ diff at the top
+	cat >patch <<-\EOF
+	index 180b47c..b6f2c08 100644
+	--- a/file
+	+++ b/file
+	@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+	+firstline
+	 baseline
+	 content
+	+lastline
+	\ No newline at end of file
+	EOF
+'
+
+# Expected output, diff is similar to the patch but w/ diff at the top
 test_expect_success 'setup expected' '
-cat >expected <<EOF
-diff --git a/file b/file
-index b6f2c08..61b9053 100755
---- a/file
-+++ b/file
-@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
-+firstline
- baseline
- content
-+lastline
-EOF
+	echo diff --git a/file b/file >expected &&
+	cat patch |sed "/^index/s/ 100644/ 100755/" >>expected &&
+	cat >expected-output <<-\EOF
+	--- a/file
+	+++ b/file
+	@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+	+firstline
+	 baseline
+	 content
+	+lastline
+	\ No newline at end of file
+	@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+	+firstline
+	 baseline
+	 content
+	@@ -1,2 +2,3 @@
+	 baseline
+	 content
+	+lastline
+	\ No newline at end of file
+	EOF
 '
 
 # Test splitting the first patch, then adding both
-test_expect_success 'add first line works' '
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'add first line works' '
 	git commit -am "clear local changes" &&
 	git apply patch &&
-	(echo s; echo y; echo y) | git add -p file &&
-	git diff --cached > diff &&
-	test_cmp expected diff
+	printf "%s\n" s y y | git add -p file 2>error |
+		sed -n -e "s/^Stage this hunk[^@]*\(@@ .*\)/\1/" \
+		       -e "/^[-+@ \\\\]"/p  >output &&
+	test_must_be_empty error &&
+	git diff --cached >diff &&
+	diff_cmp expected diff &&
+	test_cmp expected-output output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup expected' '
-cat >expected <<EOF
-diff --git a/non-empty b/non-empty
-deleted file mode 100644
-index d95f3ad..0000000
---- a/non-empty
-+++ /dev/null
-@@ -1 +0,0 @@
--content
-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF
+	diff --git a/non-empty b/non-empty
+	deleted file mode 100644
+	index d95f3ad..0000000
+	--- a/non-empty
+	+++ /dev/null
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-content
+	EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'deleting a non-empty file' '
@@ -277,15 +342,15 @@ test_expect_success 'deleting a non-empty file' '
 	rm non-empty &&
 	echo y | git add -p non-empty &&
 	git diff --cached >diff &&
-	test_cmp expected diff
+	diff_cmp expected diff
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup expected' '
-cat >expected <<EOF
-diff --git a/empty b/empty
-deleted file mode 100644
-index e69de29..0000000
-EOF
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF
+	diff --git a/empty b/empty
+	deleted file mode 100644
+	index e69de29..0000000
+	EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'deleting an empty file' '
@@ -296,23 +361,17 @@ test_expect_success 'deleting an empty file' '
 	rm empty &&
 	echo y | git add -p empty &&
 	git diff --cached >diff &&
-	test_cmp expected diff
+	diff_cmp expected diff
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'split hunk setup' '
 	git reset --hard &&
-	for i in 10 20 30 40 50 60
-	do
-		echo $i
-	done >test &&
+	test_write_lines 10 20 30 40 50 60 >test &&
 	git add test &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m test &&
 
-	for i in 10 15 20 21 22 23 24 30 40 50 60
-	do
-		echo $i
-	done >test
+	test_write_lines 10 15 20 21 22 23 24 30 40 50 60 >test
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'split hunk "add -p (edit)"' '
@@ -326,15 +385,24 @@ test_expect_success 'split hunk "add -p (edit)"' '
 	# 2. Correct version applies the (not)edited version, and asks
 	#    about the next hunk, against which we say q and program
 	#    exits.
-	for a in s e     q n q q
-	do
-		echo $a
-	done |
+	printf "%s\n" s e     q n q q |
 	EDITOR=: git add -p &&
 	git diff >actual &&
 	! grep "^+15" actual
 '
 
+test_expect_failure 'split hunk "add -p (no, yes, edit)"' '
+	test_write_lines 5 10 20 21 30 31 40 50 60 >test &&
+	git reset &&
+	# test sequence is s(plit), n(o), y(es), e(dit)
+	# q n q q is there to make sure we exit at the end.
+	printf "%s\n" s n y e   q n q q |
+	EDITOR=: git add -p 2>error &&
+	test_must_be_empty error &&
+	git diff >actual &&
+	! grep "^+31" actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'patch mode ignores unmerged entries' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	test_commit conflict &&
@@ -358,7 +426,217 @@ test_expect_success 'patch mode ignores unmerged entries' '
 	+changed
 	EOF
 	git diff --cached >diff &&
-	test_cmp expected diff
+	diff_cmp expected diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'diffs can be colorized' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	echo content >test &&
+	printf y | test_terminal git add -p >output 2>&1 &&
+
+	# We do not want to depend on the exact coloring scheme
+	# git uses for diffs, so just check that we saw some kind of color.
+	grep "$(printf "\\033")" output
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'diffFilter filters diff' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	echo content >test &&
+	test_config interactive.diffFilter "sed s/^/foo:/" &&
+	printf y | test_terminal git add -p >output 2>&1 &&
+
+	# avoid depending on the exact coloring or content of the prompts,
+	# and just make sure we saw our diff prefixed
+	grep foo:.*content output
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'detect bogus diffFilter output' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	echo content >test &&
+	test_config interactive.diffFilter "echo too-short" &&
+	printf y | test_must_fail test_terminal git add -p
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch-mode via -i prompts for files' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	echo one >file &&
+	echo two >test &&
+	git add -i <<-\EOF &&
+	patch
+	test
+
+	y
+	quit
+	EOF
+
+	echo test >expect &&
+	git diff --cached --name-only >actual &&
+	diff_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add -p handles globs' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	mkdir -p subdir &&
+	echo base >one.c &&
+	echo base >subdir/two.c &&
+	git add "*.c" &&
+	git commit -m base &&
+
+	echo change >one.c &&
+	echo change >subdir/two.c &&
+	git add -p "*.c" <<-\EOF &&
+	y
+	y
+	EOF
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	one.c
+	subdir/two.c
+	EOF
+	git diff --cached --name-only >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add -p handles relative paths' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	echo base >relpath.c &&
+	git add "*.c" &&
+	git commit -m relpath &&
+
+	echo change >relpath.c &&
+	mkdir -p subdir &&
+	git -C subdir add -p .. 2>error <<-\EOF &&
+	y
+	EOF
+
+	test_must_be_empty error &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	relpath.c
+	EOF
+	git diff --cached --name-only >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add -p does not expand argument lists' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	echo content >not-changed &&
+	git add not-changed &&
+	git commit -m "add not-changed file" &&
+
+	echo change >file &&
+	GIT_TRACE=$(pwd)/trace.out git add -p . <<-\EOF &&
+	y
+	EOF
+
+	# we know that "file" must be mentioned since we actually
+	# update it, but we want to be sure that our "." pathspec
+	# was not expanded into the argument list of any command.
+	# So look only for "not-changed".
+	! grep not-changed trace.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hunk-editing handles custom comment char' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo change >>file &&
+	test_config core.commentChar "\$" &&
+	echo e | GIT_EDITOR=true git add -p &&
+	git diff --exit-code
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add -p works even with color.ui=always' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo change >>file &&
+	test_config color.ui always &&
+	echo y | git add -p &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	git diff --cached --name-only >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup different kinds of dirty submodules' '
+	test_create_repo for-submodules &&
+	(
+		cd for-submodules &&
+		test_commit initial &&
+		test_create_repo dirty-head &&
+		(
+			cd dirty-head &&
+			test_commit initial
+		) &&
+		cp -R dirty-head dirty-otherwise &&
+		cp -R dirty-head dirty-both-ways &&
+		git add dirty-head &&
+		git add dirty-otherwise dirty-both-ways &&
+		git commit -m initial &&
+
+		cd dirty-head &&
+		test_commit updated &&
+		cd ../dirty-both-ways &&
+		test_commit updated &&
+		echo dirty >>initial &&
+		: >untracked &&
+		cd ../dirty-otherwise &&
+		echo dirty >>initial &&
+		: >untracked
+	) &&
+	git -C for-submodules diff-files --name-only >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	dirty-both-ways
+	dirty-head
+	dirty-otherwise
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	git -C for-submodules diff-files --name-only --ignore-submodules=dirty >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	dirty-both-ways
+	dirty-head
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status ignores dirty submodules (except HEAD)' '
+	git -C for-submodules add -i </dev/null >output &&
+	grep dirty-head output &&
+	grep dirty-both-ways output &&
+	! grep dirty-otherwise output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up pathological context' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_write_lines a a a a a a a a a a a >a &&
+	git add a &&
+	git commit -m a &&
+	test_write_lines c b a a a a a a a b a a a a >a &&
+	test_write_lines     a a a a a a a b a a a a >expected-1 &&
+	test_write_lines   b a a a a a a a b a a a a >expected-2 &&
+	# check editing can cope with missing header and deleted context lines
+	# as well as changes to other lines
+	test_write_lines +b " a" >patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add -p works with pathological context lines' '
+	git reset &&
+	printf "%s\n" n y |
+	git add -p &&
+	git cat-file blob :a >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected-1 actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add -p patch editing works with pathological context lines' '
+	git reset &&
+	# n q q below is in case edit fails
+	printf "%s\n" e y    n q q |
+	git add -p &&
+	git cat-file blob :a >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected-2 actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3702-add-edit.sh b/t/t3702-add-edit.sh
index 4ee47cc9a8..c6af7f82b5 100755
--- a/t/t3702-add-edit.sh
+++ b/t/t3702-add-edit.sh
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 
 cat > expected-patch << EOF
 diff --git a/file b/file
-index b9834b5..9020acb 100644
 --- a/file
 +++ b/file
 @@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
@@ -80,7 +79,6 @@ EOF
 
 cat > expected << EOF
 diff --git a/file b/file
-index b9834b5..ef6e94c 100644
 --- a/file
 +++ b/file
 @@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
@@ -100,7 +98,7 @@ EOF
 
 echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" >fake-editor.sh
 cat >> fake-editor.sh <<\EOF
-mv -f "$1" orig-patch &&
+egrep -v '^index' "$1" >orig-patch &&
 mv -f patch "$1"
 EOF
 
@@ -113,9 +111,17 @@ test_expect_success 'add -e' '
 	git add -e &&
 	test_cmp second-part file &&
 	test_cmp orig-patch expected-patch &&
-	git diff --cached > out &&
+	git diff --cached >actual &&
+	grep -v index actual >out &&
 	test_cmp out expected
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'add -e notices editor failure' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo change >>file &&
+	test_must_fail env GIT_EDITOR=false git add -e &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff --exit-code
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3703-add-magic-pathspec.sh b/t/t3703-add-magic-pathspec.sh
index 5115de7036..3ef525a559 100755
--- a/t/t3703-add-magic-pathspec.sh
+++ b/t/t3703-add-magic-pathspec.sh
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ cat >expected <<EOF
 add 'sub/foo'
 EOF
 
-if mkdir ":" 2>/dev/null
+if test_have_prereq !MINGW && mkdir ":" 2>/dev/null
 then
 	test_set_prereq COLON_DIR
 fi
diff --git a/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh b/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh
index 4bf1dbe9c9..b92ff95977 100755
--- a/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh
@@ -40,40 +40,40 @@ test_expect_success 'UTF-16 refused because of NULs' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'UTF-8 invalid characters refused' '
-	test_when_finished "rm -f $HOME/stderr $HOME/invalid" &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f \"\$HOME/stderr\" \"\$HOME/invalid\"" &&
 	echo "UTF-8 characters" >F &&
 	printf "Commit message\n\nInvalid surrogate:\355\240\200\n" \
 		>"$HOME/invalid" &&
 	git commit -a -F "$HOME/invalid" 2>"$HOME"/stderr &&
-	grep "did not conform" "$HOME"/stderr
+	test_i18ngrep "did not conform" "$HOME"/stderr
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'UTF-8 overlong sequences rejected' '
-	test_when_finished "rm -f $HOME/stderr $HOME/invalid" &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f \"\$HOME/stderr\" \"\$HOME/invalid\"" &&
 	rm -f "$HOME/stderr" "$HOME/invalid" &&
 	echo "UTF-8 overlong" >F &&
 	printf "\340\202\251ommit message\n\nThis is not a space:\300\240\n" \
 		>"$HOME/invalid" &&
 	git commit -a -F "$HOME/invalid" 2>"$HOME"/stderr &&
-	grep "did not conform" "$HOME"/stderr
+	test_i18ngrep "did not conform" "$HOME"/stderr
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'UTF-8 non-characters refused' '
-	test_when_finished "rm -f $HOME/stderr $HOME/invalid" &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f \"\$HOME/stderr\" \"\$HOME/invalid\"" &&
 	echo "UTF-8 non-character 1" >F &&
 	printf "Commit message\n\nNon-character:\364\217\277\276\n" \
 		>"$HOME/invalid" &&
 	git commit -a -F "$HOME/invalid" 2>"$HOME"/stderr &&
-	grep "did not conform" "$HOME"/stderr
+	test_i18ngrep "did not conform" "$HOME"/stderr
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'UTF-8 non-characters refused' '
-	test_when_finished "rm -f $HOME/stderr $HOME/invalid" &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f \"\$HOME/stderr\" \"\$HOME/invalid\"" &&
 	echo "UTF-8 non-character 2." >F &&
 	printf "Commit message\n\nNon-character:\357\267\220\n" \
 		>"$HOME/invalid" &&
 	git commit -a -F "$HOME/invalid" 2>"$HOME"/stderr &&
-	grep "did not conform" "$HOME"/stderr
+	test_i18ngrep "did not conform" "$HOME"/stderr
 '
 
 for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP ISO-2022-JP
diff --git a/t/t3901-i18n-patch.sh b/t/t3901-i18n-patch.sh
index a392f3d1d6..923eb01f0e 100755
--- a/t/t3901-i18n-patch.sh
+++ b/t/t3901-i18n-patch.sh
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ test_description='i18n settings and format-patch | am pipe'
 
 check_encoding () {
 	# Make sure characters are not corrupted
-	cnt="$1" header="$2" i=1 j=0 bad=0
+	cnt="$1" header="$2" i=1 j=0
 	while test "$i" -le $cnt
 	do
 		git format-patch --encoding=UTF-8 --stdout HEAD~$i..HEAD~$j |
@@ -20,14 +20,10 @@ check_encoding () {
 			grep "^encoding ISO8859-1" ;;
 		*)
 			grep "^encoding ISO8859-1"; test "$?" != 0 ;;
-		esac || {
-			bad=1
-			break
-		}
+		esac || return 1
 		j=$i
 		i=$(($i+1))
 	done
-	(exit $bad)
 }
 
 test_expect_success setup '
@@ -35,7 +31,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 	# use UTF-8 in author and committer name to match the
 	# i18n.commitencoding settings
-	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/utf8.txt &&
 
 	test_tick &&
 	echo "$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" >mine &&
@@ -59,7 +55,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 		# the second one on the side branch is ISO-8859-1
 		git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 		# use author and committer name in ISO-8859-1 to match it.
-		. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt
+		. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/8859-1.txt
 	fi &&
 	test_tick &&
 	echo Yet another >theirs &&
@@ -104,7 +100,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase (U/U)' '
 
 	# The result will be committed by GIT_COMMITTER_NAME --
 	# we want UTF-8 encoded name.
-	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/utf8.txt &&
 	git checkout -b test &&
 	git rebase master &&
 
@@ -114,7 +110,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase (U/U)' '
 test_expect_success 'rebase (U/L)' '
 	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
-	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/utf8.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
 	git rebase master &&
@@ -126,7 +122,7 @@ test_expect_success !MINGW 'rebase (L/L)' '
 	# In this test we want ISO-8859-1 encoded commits as the result
 	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
-	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/8859-1.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
 	git rebase master &&
@@ -139,7 +135,7 @@ test_expect_success !MINGW 'rebase (L/U)' '
 	# to get ISO-8859-1 results.
 	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding UTF-8 &&
-	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/8859-1.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
 	git rebase master &&
@@ -152,7 +148,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick(U/U)' '
 
 	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding UTF-8 &&
-	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/utf8.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard master &&
 	git cherry-pick side^ &&
@@ -167,7 +163,7 @@ test_expect_success !MINGW 'cherry-pick(L/L)' '
 
 	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
-	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/8859-1.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard master &&
 	git cherry-pick side^ &&
@@ -182,7 +178,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick(U/L)' '
 
 	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
-	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/utf8.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard master &&
 	git cherry-pick side^ &&
@@ -198,7 +194,7 @@ test_expect_success !MINGW 'cherry-pick(L/U)' '
 
 	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding UTF-8 &&
-	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/8859-1.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard master &&
 	git cherry-pick side^ &&
@@ -211,7 +207,7 @@ test_expect_success !MINGW 'cherry-pick(L/U)' '
 test_expect_success 'rebase --merge (U/U)' '
 	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding UTF-8 &&
-	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/utf8.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
 	git rebase --merge master &&
@@ -222,7 +218,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase --merge (U/U)' '
 test_expect_success 'rebase --merge (U/L)' '
 	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
-	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/utf8.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
 	git rebase --merge master &&
@@ -234,7 +230,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase --merge (L/L)' '
 	# In this test we want ISO-8859-1 encoded commits as the result
 	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
-	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/8859-1.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
 	git rebase --merge master &&
@@ -247,7 +243,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase --merge (L/U)' '
 	# to get ISO-8859-1 results.
 	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding UTF-8 &&
-	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/8859-1.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
 	git rebase --merge master &&
@@ -255,4 +251,66 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase --merge (L/U)' '
 	check_encoding 2 8859
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'am (U/U)' '
+	# Apply UTF-8 patches with UTF-8 commitencoding
+	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/utf8.txt &&
+
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git am out-u1 out-u2 &&
+
+	check_encoding 2
+'
+
+test_expect_success !MINGW 'am (L/L)' '
+	# Apply ISO-8859-1 patches with ISO-8859-1 commitencoding
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/8859-1.txt &&
+
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git am out-l1 out-l2 &&
+
+	check_encoding 2 8859
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am (U/L)' '
+	# Apply ISO-8859-1 patches with UTF-8 commitencoding
+	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/utf8.txt &&
+	git reset --hard master &&
+
+	# am specifies --utf8 by default.
+	git am out-l1 out-l2 &&
+
+	check_encoding 2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --no-utf8 (U/L)' '
+	# Apply ISO-8859-1 patches with UTF-8 commitencoding
+	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/utf8.txt &&
+
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git am --no-utf8 out-l1 out-l2 2>err &&
+
+	# commit-tree will warn that the commit message does not contain valid UTF-8
+	# as mailinfo did not convert it
+	test_i18ngrep "did not conform" err &&
+
+	check_encoding 2
+'
+
+test_expect_success !MINGW 'am (L/U)' '
+	# Apply UTF-8 patches with ISO-8859-1 commitencoding
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/8859-1.txt &&
+
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	# mailinfo will re-code the commit message to the charset specified by
+	# i18n.commitencoding
+	git am out-u1 out-u2 &&
+
+	check_encoding 2 8859
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3901-8859-1.txt b/t/t3901/8859-1.txt
index 38c21a6a7f..38c21a6a7f 100755
--- a/t/t3901-8859-1.txt
+++ b/t/t3901/8859-1.txt
diff --git a/t/t3901-utf8.txt b/t/t3901/utf8.txt
index 5f5205cd02..5f5205cd02 100755
--- a/t/t3901-utf8.txt
+++ b/t/t3901/utf8.txt
diff --git a/t/t3902-quoted.sh b/t/t3902-quoted.sh
index 892f567844..f528008c36 100755
--- a/t/t3902-quoted.sh
+++ b/t/t3902-quoted.sh
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ GN='ç´”'
 HT='	'
 DQ='"'
 
+test_have_prereq MINGW ||
 echo foo 2>/dev/null > "Name and an${HT}HT"
 if ! test -f "Name and an${HT}HT"
 then
diff --git a/t/t3903-stash.sh b/t/t3903-stash.sh
index 1e29962fad..1f871d3cca 100755
--- a/t/t3903-stash.sh
+++ b/t/t3903-stash.sh
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ test_description='Test git stash'
 test_expect_success 'stash some dirty working directory' '
 	echo 1 > file &&
 	git add file &&
+	echo unrelated >other-file &&
+	git add other-file &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m initial &&
 	echo 2 > file &&
@@ -45,8 +47,6 @@ test_expect_success 'applying bogus stash does nothing' '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply does not need clean working directory' '
 	echo 4 >other-file &&
-	git add other-file &&
-	echo 5 >other-file &&
 	git stash apply &&
 	echo 3 >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect file
@@ -93,6 +93,10 @@ test_expect_success 'unstashing in a subdirectory' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'stash drop complains of extra options' '
+	test_must_fail git stash drop --foo
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'drop top stash' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git stash list > stashlist1 &&
@@ -127,6 +131,26 @@ test_expect_success 'drop middle stash' '
 	test 1 = $(git show HEAD:file)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'drop middle stash by index' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo 8 >file &&
+	git stash &&
+	echo 9 >file &&
+	git stash &&
+	git stash drop 1 &&
+	test 2 = $(git stash list | wc -l) &&
+	git stash apply &&
+	test 9 = $(cat file) &&
+	test 1 = $(git show :file) &&
+	test 1 = $(git show HEAD:file) &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git stash drop &&
+	git stash apply &&
+	test 3 = $(cat file) &&
+	test 1 = $(git show :file) &&
+	test 1 = $(git show HEAD:file)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'stash pop' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git stash pop &&
@@ -250,9 +274,7 @@ test_expect_success 'stash --invalid-option' '
 	git add file2 &&
 	test_must_fail git stash --invalid-option &&
 	test_must_fail git stash save --invalid-option &&
-	test bar5,bar6 = $(cat file),$(cat file2) &&
-	git stash -- -message-starting-with-dash &&
-	test bar,bar2 = $(cat file),$(cat file2)
+	test bar5,bar6 = $(cat file),$(cat file2)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'stash an added file' '
@@ -422,6 +444,14 @@ test_expect_failure 'stash file to directory' '
 	test foo = "$(cat file/file)"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'stash create - no changes' '
+	git stash clear &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard HEAD" &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git stash create >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'stash branch - no stashes on stack, stash-like argument' '
 	git stash clear &&
 	test_when_finished "git reset --hard HEAD" &&
@@ -600,6 +630,21 @@ test_expect_success 'invalid ref of the form stash@{n}, n >= N' '
 	git stash drop
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'invalid ref of the form "n", n >= N' '
+	git stash clear &&
+	test_must_fail git stash drop 0 &&
+	echo bar5 >file &&
+	echo bar6 >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git stash &&
+	test_must_fail git stash drop 1 &&
+	test_must_fail git stash pop 1 &&
+	test_must_fail git stash apply 1 &&
+	test_must_fail git stash show 1 &&
+	test_must_fail git stash branch tmp 1 &&
+	git stash drop
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'stash branch should not drop the stash if the branch exists' '
 	git stash clear &&
 	echo foo >file &&
@@ -611,6 +656,20 @@ test_expect_success 'stash branch should not drop the stash if the branch exists
 	git rev-parse stash@{0} --
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'stash branch should not drop the stash if the apply fails' '
+	git stash clear &&
+	git reset HEAD~1 --hard &&
+	echo foo >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	echo bar >file &&
+	git stash &&
+	echo baz >file &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	test_must_fail git stash branch new_branch stash@{0} &&
+	git rev-parse stash@{0} --
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'stash apply shows status same as git status (relative to current directory)' '
 	git stash clear &&
 	echo 1 >subdir/subfile1 &&
@@ -626,7 +685,7 @@ test_expect_success 'stash apply shows status same as git status (relative to cu
 		sane_unset GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY &&
 		git stash apply
 	) |
-	sed -e 1,2d >actual && # drop "Saved..." and "HEAD is now..."
+	sed -e 1d >actual && # drop "Saved..."
 	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -667,8 +726,8 @@ test_expect_success 'store updates stash ref and reflog' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	! grep quux bazzy &&
 	git stash store -m quuxery $STASH_ID &&
-	test $(cat .git/refs/stash) = $STASH_ID &&
-	grep $STASH_ID .git/logs/refs/stash &&
+	test $(git rev-parse stash) = $STASH_ID &&
+	git reflog --format=%H stash| grep $STASH_ID &&
 	git stash pop &&
 	grep quux bazzy
 '
@@ -695,8 +754,8 @@ test_expect_success 'setup stash with index and worktree changes' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'stash list implies --first-parent -m' '
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	stash@{0}: WIP on master: b27a2bc subdir
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	stash@{0}
 
 	diff --git a/file b/file
 	index 257cc56..d26b33d 100644
@@ -706,13 +765,13 @@ test_expect_success 'stash list implies --first-parent -m' '
 	-foo
 	+working
 	EOF
-	git stash list -p >actual &&
+	git stash list --format=%gd -p >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'stash list --cc shows combined diff' '
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	stash@{0}: WIP on master: b27a2bc subdir
+	stash@{0}
 
 	diff --cc file
 	index 257cc56,9015a7a..d26b33d
@@ -723,8 +782,318 @@ test_expect_success 'stash list --cc shows combined diff' '
 	 -index
 	++working
 	EOF
-	git stash list -p --cc >actual &&
+	git stash list --format=%gd -p --cc >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash is not confused by partial renames' '
+	mv file renamed &&
+	git add renamed &&
+	git stash &&
+	git stash apply &&
+	test_path_is_file renamed &&
+	test_path_is_missing file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push -m shows right message' '
+	>foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git stash push -m "test message" &&
+	echo "stash@{0}: On master: test message" >expect &&
+	git stash list -1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push -m also works without space' '
+	>foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git stash push -m"unspaced test message" &&
+	echo "stash@{0}: On master: unspaced test message" >expect &&
+	git stash list -1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'store -m foo shows right message' '
+	git stash clear &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo quux >bazzy &&
+	git add bazzy &&
+	STASH_ID=$(git stash create) &&
+	git stash store -m "store m" $STASH_ID &&
+	echo "stash@{0}: store m" >expect &&
+	git stash list -1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'store -mfoo shows right message' '
+	git stash clear &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo quux >bazzy &&
+	git add bazzy &&
+	STASH_ID=$(git stash create) &&
+	git stash store -m"store mfoo" $STASH_ID &&
+	echo "stash@{0}: store mfoo" >expect &&
+	git stash list -1 >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'store --message=foo shows right message' '
+	git stash clear &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo quux >bazzy &&
+	git add bazzy &&
+	STASH_ID=$(git stash create) &&
+	git stash store --message="store message=foo" $STASH_ID &&
+	echo "stash@{0}: store message=foo" >expect &&
+	git stash list -1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'store --message foo shows right message' '
+	git stash clear &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo quux >bazzy &&
+	git add bazzy &&
+	STASH_ID=$(git stash create) &&
+	git stash store --message "store message foo" $STASH_ID &&
+	echo "stash@{0}: store message foo" >expect &&
+	git stash list -1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push -mfoo uses right message' '
+	>foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git stash push -m"test mfoo" &&
+	echo "stash@{0}: On master: test mfoo" >expect &&
+	git stash list -1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push --message foo is synonym for -mfoo' '
+	>foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git stash push --message "test message foo" &&
+	echo "stash@{0}: On master: test message foo" >expect &&
+	git stash list -1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push --message=foo is synonym for -mfoo' '
+	>foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git stash push --message="test message=foo" &&
+	echo "stash@{0}: On master: test message=foo" >expect &&
+	git stash list -1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push -m shows right message' '
+	>foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git stash push -m "test m foo" &&
+	echo "stash@{0}: On master: test m foo" >expect &&
+	git stash list -1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create stores correct message' '
+	>foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	STASH_ID=$(git stash create "create test message") &&
+	echo "On master: create test message" >expect &&
+	git show --pretty=%s -s ${STASH_ID} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create with multiple arguments for the message' '
+	>foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	STASH_ID=$(git stash create test untracked) &&
+	echo "On master: test untracked" >expect &&
+	git show --pretty=%s -s ${STASH_ID} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create in a detached state' '
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	git checkout HEAD~1 &&
+	>foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	STASH_ID=$(git stash create) &&
+	HEAD_ID=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	echo "WIP on (no branch): ${HEAD_ID} initial" >expect &&
+	git show --pretty=%s -s ${STASH_ID} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash -- <pathspec> stashes and restores the file' '
+	>foo &&
+	>bar &&
+	git add foo bar &&
+	git stash push -- foo &&
+	test_path_is_file bar &&
+	test_path_is_missing foo &&
+	git stash pop &&
+	test_path_is_file foo &&
+	test_path_is_file bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash -- <pathspec> stashes in subdirectory' '
+	mkdir sub &&
+	>foo &&
+	>bar &&
+	git add foo bar &&
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		git stash push -- ../foo
+	) &&
+	test_path_is_file bar &&
+	test_path_is_missing foo &&
+	git stash pop &&
+	test_path_is_file foo &&
+	test_path_is_file bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash with multiple pathspec arguments' '
+	>foo &&
+	>bar &&
+	>extra &&
+	git add foo bar extra &&
+	git stash push -- foo bar &&
+	test_path_is_missing bar &&
+	test_path_is_missing foo &&
+	test_path_is_file extra &&
+	git stash pop &&
+	test_path_is_file foo &&
+	test_path_is_file bar &&
+	test_path_is_file extra
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash with file including $IFS character' '
+	>"foo bar" &&
+	>foo &&
+	>bar &&
+	git add foo* &&
+	git stash push -- "foo b*" &&
+	test_path_is_missing "foo bar" &&
+	test_path_is_file foo &&
+	test_path_is_file bar &&
+	git stash pop &&
+	test_path_is_file "foo bar" &&
+	test_path_is_file foo &&
+	test_path_is_file bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash with pathspec matching multiple paths' '
+       echo original >file &&
+       echo original >other-file &&
+       git commit -m "two" file other-file &&
+       echo modified >file &&
+       echo modified >other-file &&
+       git stash push -- "*file" &&
+       echo original >expect &&
+       test_cmp expect file &&
+       test_cmp expect other-file &&
+       git stash pop &&
+       echo modified >expect &&
+       test_cmp expect file &&
+       test_cmp expect other-file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash push -p with pathspec shows no changes only once' '
+	>foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m "tmp" &&
+	git stash push -p foo >actual &&
+	echo "No local changes to save" >expect &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD~ &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash push with pathspec shows no changes when there are none' '
+	>foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m "tmp" &&
+	git stash push foo >actual &&
+	echo "No local changes to save" >expect &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD~ &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash push with pathspec not in the repository errors out' '
+	>untracked &&
+	test_must_fail git stash push untracked &&
+	test_path_is_file untracked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'untracked files are left in place when -u is not given' '
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	>untracked &&
+	git stash push file &&
+	test_path_is_file untracked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash without verb with pathspec' '
+	>"foo bar" &&
+	>foo &&
+	>bar &&
+	git add foo* &&
+	git stash -- "foo b*" &&
+	test_path_is_missing "foo bar" &&
+	test_path_is_file foo &&
+	test_path_is_file bar &&
+	git stash pop &&
+	test_path_is_file "foo bar" &&
+	test_path_is_file foo &&
+	test_path_is_file bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash -k -- <pathspec> leaves unstaged files intact' '
+	git reset &&
+	>foo &&
+	>bar &&
+	git add foo bar &&
+	git commit -m "test" &&
+	echo "foo" >foo &&
+	echo "bar" >bar &&
+	git stash -k -- foo &&
+	test "",bar = $(cat foo),$(cat bar) &&
+	git stash pop &&
+	test foo,bar = $(cat foo),$(cat bar)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash -- <subdir> leaves untracked files in subdir intact' '
+	git reset &&
+	>subdir/untracked &&
+	>subdir/tracked1 &&
+	>subdir/tracked2 &&
+	git add subdir/tracked* &&
+	git stash -- subdir/ &&
+	test_path_is_missing subdir/tracked1 &&
+	test_path_is_missing subdir/tracked2 &&
+	test_path_is_file subdir/untracked &&
+	git stash pop &&
+	test_path_is_file subdir/tracked1 &&
+	test_path_is_file subdir/tracked2 &&
+	test_path_is_file subdir/untracked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash -- <subdir> works with binary files' '
+	git reset &&
+	>subdir/untracked &&
+	>subdir/tracked &&
+	cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test-binary-1.png subdir/tracked-binary &&
+	git add subdir/tracked* &&
+	git stash -- subdir/ &&
+	test_path_is_missing subdir/tracked &&
+	test_path_is_missing subdir/tracked-binary &&
+	test_path_is_file subdir/untracked &&
+	git stash pop &&
+	test_path_is_file subdir/tracked &&
+	test_path_is_file subdir/tracked-binary &&
+	test_path_is_file subdir/untracked
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3904-stash-patch.sh b/t/t3904-stash-patch.sh
index 70655c1848..9546b6f8a4 100755
--- a/t/t3904-stash-patch.sh
+++ b/t/t3904-stash-patch.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='git checkout --patch'
+test_description='stash -p'
 . ./lib-patch-mode.sh
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'setup' '
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL
+then
+	skip_all='skipping stash -p tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	mkdir dir &&
 	echo parent > dir/foo &&
 	echo dummy > bar &&
@@ -20,17 +26,17 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'setup' '
 
 # note: order of files with unstaged changes: HEAD bar dir/foo
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'saying "n" does nothing' '
+test_expect_success 'saying "n" does nothing' '
 	set_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
 	set_state dir/foo work index &&
-	(echo n; echo n; echo n) | test_must_fail git stash save -p &&
+	test_write_lines n n n | test_must_fail git stash save -p &&
 	verify_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
 	verify_state dir/foo work index
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'git stash -p' '
-	(echo y; echo n; echo y) | git stash save -p &&
+test_expect_success 'git stash -p' '
+	test_write_lines y n y | git stash save -p &&
 	verify_state HEAD committed HEADfile_index &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
 	verify_state dir/foo head index &&
@@ -41,11 +47,11 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'git stash -p' '
 	verify_state dir/foo work head
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'git stash -p --no-keep-index' '
+test_expect_success 'git stash -p --no-keep-index' '
 	set_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
 	set_state bar bar_work bar_index &&
 	set_state dir/foo work index &&
-	(echo y; echo n; echo y) | git stash save -p --no-keep-index &&
+	test_write_lines y n y | git stash save -p --no-keep-index &&
 	verify_state HEAD committed committed &&
 	verify_state bar bar_work dummy &&
 	verify_state dir/foo head head &&
@@ -56,11 +62,11 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'git stash -p --no-keep-index' '
 	verify_state dir/foo work index
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'git stash --no-keep-index -p' '
+test_expect_success 'git stash --no-keep-index -p' '
 	set_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
 	set_state bar bar_work bar_index &&
 	set_state dir/foo work index &&
-	(echo y; echo n; echo y) | git stash save --no-keep-index -p &&
+	test_write_lines y n y | git stash save --no-keep-index -p &&
 	verify_state HEAD committed committed &&
 	verify_state dir/foo head head &&
 	verify_state bar bar_work dummy &&
@@ -71,8 +77,39 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'git stash --no-keep-index -p' '
 	verify_state dir/foo work index
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'none of this moved HEAD' '
+test_expect_success 'stash -p --no-keep-index -- <pathspec> does not unstage other files' '
+	set_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
+	set_state dir/foo work index &&
+	echo y | git stash push -p --no-keep-index -- HEAD &&
+	verify_state HEAD committed committed &&
+	verify_state dir/foo work index
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'none of this moved HEAD' '
 	verify_saved_head
 '
 
+test_expect_failure 'stash -p with split hunk' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	cat >test <<-\EOF &&
+	aaa
+	bbb
+	ccc
+	EOF
+	git add test &&
+	git commit -m "initial" &&
+	cat >test <<-\EOF &&
+	aaa
+	added line 1
+	bbb
+	added line 2
+	ccc
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" s n y q |
+	test_might_fail git stash -p 2>error &&
+	! test_must_be_empty error &&
+	grep "added line 1" test &&
+	! grep "added line 2" test
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3905-stash-include-untracked.sh b/t/t3905-stash-include-untracked.sh
index f372fc8ca8..597b0637d1 100755
--- a/t/t3905-stash-include-untracked.sh
+++ b/t/t3905-stash-include-untracked.sh
@@ -35,24 +35,26 @@ test_expect_success 'stash save --include-untracked cleaned the untracked files'
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+tracked=$(git rev-parse --short $(echo 1 | git hash-object --stdin))
+untracked=$(git rev-parse --short $(echo untracked | git hash-object --stdin))
 cat > expect.diff <<EOF
 diff --git a/HEAD b/HEAD
 new file mode 100644
-index 0000000..d00491f
+index 0000000..$tracked
 --- /dev/null
 +++ b/HEAD
 @@ -0,0 +1 @@
 +1
 diff --git a/file2 b/file2
 new file mode 100644
-index 0000000..d00491f
+index 0000000..$tracked
 --- /dev/null
 +++ b/file2
 @@ -0,0 +1 @@
 +1
 diff --git a/untracked/untracked b/untracked/untracked
 new file mode 100644
-index 0000000..5a72eb2
+index 0000000..$untracked
 --- /dev/null
 +++ b/untracked/untracked
 @@ -0,0 +1 @@
@@ -109,10 +111,11 @@ test_expect_success 'stash save -u dirty index' '
 	git stash -u
 '
 
+blob=$(git rev-parse --short $(echo 4 | git hash-object --stdin))
 cat > expect <<EOF
 diff --git a/file3 b/file3
 new file mode 100644
-index 0000000..b8626c4
+index 0000000..$blob
 --- /dev/null
 +++ b/file3
 @@ -0,0 +1 @@
@@ -185,4 +188,99 @@ test_expect_success 'stash save --all is stash poppable' '
 	test -s .gitignore
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'stash push --include-untracked with pathspec' '
+	>foo &&
+	>bar &&
+	git stash push --include-untracked -- foo &&
+	test_path_is_file bar &&
+	test_path_is_missing foo &&
+	git stash pop &&
+	test_path_is_file bar &&
+	test_path_is_file foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash push with $IFS character' '
+	>"foo bar" &&
+	>foo &&
+	>bar &&
+	git add foo* &&
+	git stash push --include-untracked -- "foo b*" &&
+	test_path_is_missing "foo bar" &&
+	test_path_is_file foo &&
+	test_path_is_file bar &&
+	git stash pop &&
+	test_path_is_file "foo bar" &&
+	test_path_is_file foo &&
+	test_path_is_file bar
+'
+
+cat > .gitignore <<EOF
+ignored
+ignored.d/*
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'stash previously ignored file' '
+	git reset HEAD &&
+	git add .gitignore &&
+	git commit -m "Add .gitignore" &&
+	>ignored.d/foo &&
+	echo "!ignored.d/foo" >> .gitignore &&
+	git stash save --include-untracked &&
+	test_path_is_missing ignored.d/foo &&
+	git stash pop &&
+	test_path_is_file ignored.d/foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash -u -- <untracked> doesnt print error' '
+	>untracked &&
+	git stash push -u -- untracked 2>actual &&
+	test_path_is_missing untracked &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash -u -- <untracked> leaves rest of working tree in place' '
+	>tracked &&
+	git add tracked &&
+	>untracked &&
+	git stash push -u -- untracked &&
+	test_path_is_missing untracked &&
+	test_path_is_file tracked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash -u -- <tracked> <untracked> clears changes in both' '
+	>tracked &&
+	git add tracked &&
+	>untracked &&
+	git stash push -u -- tracked untracked &&
+	test_path_is_missing tracked &&
+	test_path_is_missing untracked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash --all -- <ignored> stashes ignored file' '
+	>ignored.d/bar &&
+	git stash push --all -- ignored.d/bar &&
+	test_path_is_missing ignored.d/bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash --all -- <tracked> <ignored> clears changes in both' '
+	>tracked &&
+	git add tracked &&
+	>ignored.d/bar &&
+	git stash push --all -- tracked ignored.d/bar &&
+	test_path_is_missing tracked &&
+	test_path_is_missing ignored.d/bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash -u -- <ignored> leaves ignored file alone' '
+	>ignored.d/bar &&
+	git stash push -u -- ignored.d/bar &&
+	test_path_is_file ignored.d/bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash -u -- <non-existant> shows no changes when there are none' '
+	git stash push -u -- non-existant >actual &&
+	echo "No local changes to save" >expect &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3910-mac-os-precompose.sh b/t/t3910-mac-os-precompose.sh
index 831935665e..54ce19e353 100755
--- a/t/t3910-mac-os-precompose.sh
+++ b/t/t3910-mac-os-precompose.sh
@@ -49,12 +49,54 @@ test_expect_success "setup" '
 test_expect_success "setup case mac" '
 	git checkout -b mac_os
 '
+# This will test nfd2nfc in git diff
+test_expect_success "git diff f.Adiar" '
+	touch f.$Adiarnfc &&
+	git add f.$Adiarnfc &&
+	echo f.Adiarnfc >f.$Adiarnfc &&
+	git diff f.$Adiarnfd >expect &&
+	git diff f.$Adiarnfc >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git reset HEAD f.Adiarnfc &&
+	rm f.$Adiarnfc expect actual
+'
+# This will test nfd2nfc in git diff-files
+test_expect_success "git diff-files f.Adiar" '
+	touch f.$Adiarnfc &&
+	git add f.$Adiarnfc &&
+	echo f.Adiarnfc >f.$Adiarnfc &&
+	git diff-files f.$Adiarnfd >expect &&
+	git diff-files f.$Adiarnfc >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git reset HEAD f.Adiarnfc &&
+	rm f.$Adiarnfc expect actual
+'
+# This will test nfd2nfc in git diff-index
+test_expect_success "git diff-index f.Adiar" '
+	touch f.$Adiarnfc &&
+	git add f.$Adiarnfc &&
+	echo f.Adiarnfc >f.$Adiarnfc &&
+	git diff-index HEAD f.$Adiarnfd >expect &&
+	git diff-index HEAD f.$Adiarnfc >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git reset HEAD f.Adiarnfc &&
+	rm f.$Adiarnfc expect actual
+'
 # This will test nfd2nfc in readdir()
 test_expect_success "add file Adiarnfc" '
 	echo f.Adiarnfc >f.$Adiarnfc &&
 	git add f.$Adiarnfc &&
 	git commit -m "add f.$Adiarnfc"
 '
+# This will test nfd2nfc in git diff-tree
+test_expect_success "git diff-tree f.Adiar" '
+	echo f.Adiarnfc >>f.$Adiarnfc &&
+	git diff-tree HEAD f.$Adiarnfd >expect &&
+	git diff-tree HEAD f.$Adiarnfc >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git checkout f.$Adiarnfc &&
+	rm expect actual
+'
 # This will test nfd2nfc in git stage()
 test_expect_success "stage file d.Adiarnfd/f.Adiarnfd" '
 	mkdir d.$Adiarnfd &&
@@ -145,9 +187,8 @@ test_expect_failure 'handle existing decomposed filenames' '
 	echo content >"verbatim.$Adiarnfd" &&
 	git -c core.precomposeunicode=false add "verbatim.$Adiarnfd" &&
 	git commit -m "existing decomposed file" &&
-	>expect &&
 	git ls-files --exclude-standard -o "verbatim*" >untracked &&
-	test_cmp expect untracked
+	test_must_be_empty untracked
 '
 
 # Test if the global core.precomposeunicode stops autosensing
diff --git a/t/t4001-diff-rename.sh b/t/t4001-diff-rename.sh
index 2f327b7495..c16486a9d4 100755
--- a/t/t4001-diff-rename.sh
+++ b/t/t4001-diff-rename.sh
@@ -9,21 +9,84 @@ test_description='Test rename detection in diff engine.
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh
 
-echo >path0 'Line 1
-Line 2
-Line 3
-Line 4
-Line 5
-Line 6
-Line 7
-Line 8
-Line 9
-Line 10
-line 11
-Line 12
-Line 13
-Line 14
-Line 15
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	cat >path0 <<-\EOF &&
+	Line 1
+	Line 2
+	Line 3
+	Line 4
+	Line 5
+	Line 6
+	Line 7
+	Line 8
+	Line 9
+	Line 10
+	line 11
+	Line 12
+	Line 13
+	Line 14
+	Line 15
+	EOF
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	diff --git a/path0 b/path1
+	rename from path0
+	rename to path1
+	--- a/path0
+	+++ b/path1
+	@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Line 7
+	 Line 8
+	 Line 9
+	 Line 10
+	-line 11
+	+Line 11
+	 Line 12
+	 Line 13
+	 Line 14
+	EOF
+	cat >no-rename <<-\EOF
+	diff --git a/path0 b/path0
+	deleted file mode 100644
+	index fdbec44..0000000
+	--- a/path0
+	+++ /dev/null
+	@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
+	-Line 1
+	-Line 2
+	-Line 3
+	-Line 4
+	-Line 5
+	-Line 6
+	-Line 7
+	-Line 8
+	-Line 9
+	-Line 10
+	-line 11
+	-Line 12
+	-Line 13
+	-Line 14
+	-Line 15
+	diff --git a/path1 b/path1
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..752c50e
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/path1
+	@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+	+Line 1
+	+Line 2
+	+Line 3
+	+Line 4
+	+Line 5
+	+Line 6
+	+Line 7
+	+Line 8
+	+Line 9
+	+Line 10
+	+Line 11
+	+Line 12
+	+Line 13
+	+Line 14
+	+Line 15
+	EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -43,27 +106,27 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     'git diff-index -p -M after rename and editing.' \
     'git diff-index -p -M $tree >current'
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-diff --git a/path0 b/path1
-rename from path0
-rename to path1
---- a/path0
-+++ b/path1
-@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Line 7
- Line 8
- Line 9
- Line 10
--line 11
-+Line 11
- Line 12
- Line 13
- Line 14
-EOF
+
 
 test_expect_success \
     'validate the output.' \
     'compare_diff_patch current expected'
 
+test_expect_success 'test diff.renames=true' '
+	git -c diff.renames=true diff --cached $tree >current &&
+	compare_diff_patch current expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test diff.renames=false' '
+	git -c diff.renames=false diff --cached $tree >current &&
+	compare_diff_patch current no-rename
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test diff.renames unset' '
+	git diff --cached $tree >current &&
+	compare_diff_patch current expected
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'favour same basenames over different ones' '
 	cp path1 another-path &&
 	git add another-path &&
@@ -71,11 +134,39 @@ test_expect_success 'favour same basenames over different ones' '
 	git rm path1 &&
 	mkdir subdir &&
 	git mv another-path subdir/path1 &&
-	git status | test_i18ngrep "renamed: .*path1 -> subdir/path1"'
+	git status >out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "renamed: .*path1 -> subdir/path1" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test diff.renames=true for git status' '
+	git -c diff.renames=true status >out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "renamed: .*path1 -> subdir/path1" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test diff.renames=false for git status' '
+	git -c diff.renames=false status >out &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "renamed: .*path1 -> subdir/path1" out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "new file: .*subdir/path1" out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "deleted: .*[^/]path1" out
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'favour same basenames even with minor differences' '
 	git show HEAD:path1 | sed "s/15/16/" > subdir/path1 &&
-	git status | test_i18ngrep "renamed: .*path1 -> subdir/path1"'
+	git status >out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "renamed: .*path1 -> subdir/path1" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'two files with same basename and same content' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	mkdir -p dir/A dir/B &&
+	cp path1 dir/A/file &&
+	cp path1 dir/B/file &&
+	git add dir &&
+	git commit -m 2 &&
+	git mv dir other-dir &&
+	git status >out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "renamed: .*dir/A/file -> other-dir/A/file" out
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'setup for many rename source candidates' '
 	git reset --hard &&
@@ -89,7 +180,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup for many rename source candidates' '
 	git add "path??" &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "hundred" &&
-	(cat path1; echo new) >new-path &&
+	(cat path1 && echo new) >new-path &&
 	echo old >>path1 &&
 	git add new-path path1 &&
 	git diff -l 4 -C -C --cached --name-status >actual 2>actual.err &&
@@ -156,4 +247,19 @@ test_expect_success 'rename pretty print common prefix and suffix overlap' '
 	test_i18ngrep " d/f/{ => f}/e " output
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree -l0 defaults to a big rename limit, not zero' '
+	test_write_lines line1 line2 line3 >myfile &&
+	git add myfile &&
+	git commit -m x &&
+
+	test_write_lines line1 line2 line4 >myotherfile &&
+	git rm myfile &&
+	git add myotherfile &&
+	git commit -m x &&
+
+	git diff-tree -M -l0 HEAD HEAD^ >actual &&
+	# Verify that a rename from myotherfile to myfile was detected
+	grep "myotherfile.*myfile" actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4002-diff-basic.sh b/t/t4002-diff-basic.sh
index a5e8b83083..3a6c21e825 100755
--- a/t/t4002-diff-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t4002-diff-basic.sh
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ cmp_diff_files_output () {
     # object ID for the changed files because it wants you to look at the
     # filesystem.
     sed <"$2" >.test-tmp \
-	-e '/^:000000 /d;s/'$_x40'\( [MCRNDU][0-9]*\)	/'$_z40'\1	/' &&
+	-e '/^:000000 /d;s/'$OID_REGEX'\( [MCRNDU][0-9]*\)	/'$ZERO_OID'\1	/' &&
     test_cmp "$1" .test-tmp
 }
 
diff --git a/t/t4005-diff-rename-2.sh b/t/t4005-diff-rename-2.sh
index 135addbfbd..f542d2929d 100755
--- a/t/t4005-diff-rename-2.sh
+++ b/t/t4005-diff-rename-2.sh
@@ -3,84 +3,75 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='Same rename detection as t4003 but testing diff-raw.
+test_description='Same rename detection as t4003 but testing diff-raw.'
 
-'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'prepare reference tree' \
-    'cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib/COPYING >COPYING &&
-     echo frotz >rezrov &&
-    git update-index --add COPYING rezrov &&
-    tree=$(git write-tree) &&
-    echo $tree'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'prepare work tree' \
-    'sed -e 's/HOWEVER/However/' <COPYING >COPYING.1 &&
-    sed -e 's/GPL/G.P.L/g' <COPYING >COPYING.2 &&
-    rm -f COPYING &&
-    git update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.?'
+test_expect_success 'setup reference tree' '
+	cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib/COPYING >COPYING &&
+	echo frotz >rezrov &&
+	git update-index --add COPYING rezrov &&
+	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	echo $tree &&
+	sed -e 's/HOWEVER/However/' <COPYING >COPYING.1 &&
+	sed -e 's/GPL/G.P.L/g' <COPYING >COPYING.2 &&
+	origoid=$(git hash-object COPYING) &&
+	oid1=$(git hash-object COPYING.1) &&
+	oid2=$(git hash-object COPYING.2)
+'
 
+################################################################
 # tree has COPYING and rezrov.  work tree has COPYING.1 and COPYING.2,
 # both are slightly edited, and unchanged rezrov.  We say COPYING.1
 # and COPYING.2 are based on COPYING, and do not say anything about
 # rezrov.
 
-git diff-index -C $tree >current
-
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-:100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 0603b3238a076dc6c8022aedc6648fa523a17178 C1234	COPYING	COPYING.1
-:100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 06c67961bbaed34a127f76d261f4c0bf73eda471 R1234	COPYING	COPYING.2
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'validate output from rename/copy detection (#1)' '
+	rm -f COPYING &&
+	git update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.? &&
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate output from rename/copy detection (#1)' \
-    'compare_diff_raw current expected'
+	cat <<-EOF >expected &&
+	:100644 100644 $origoid $oid1 C1234	COPYING	COPYING.1
+	:100644 100644 $origoid $oid2 R1234	COPYING	COPYING.2
+	EOF
+	git diff-index -C $tree >current &&
+	compare_diff_raw expected current
+'
 
 ################################################################
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'prepare work tree again' \
-    'mv COPYING.2 COPYING &&
-     git update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.1 COPYING.2'
-
 # tree has COPYING and rezrov.  work tree has COPYING and COPYING.1,
 # both are slightly edited, and unchanged rezrov.  We say COPYING.1
 # is based on COPYING and COPYING is still there, and do not say anything
 # about rezrov.
 
-git diff-index -C $tree >current
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-:100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 06c67961bbaed34a127f76d261f4c0bf73eda471 M	COPYING
-:100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 0603b3238a076dc6c8022aedc6648fa523a17178 C1234	COPYING	COPYING.1
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'validate output from rename/copy detection (#2)' '
+	mv COPYING.2 COPYING &&
+	git update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.1 COPYING.2 &&
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate output from rename/copy detection (#2)' \
-    'compare_diff_raw current expected'
+	cat <<-EOF >expected &&
+	:100644 100644 $origoid $oid2 M	COPYING
+	:100644 100644 $origoid $oid1 C1234	COPYING	COPYING.1
+	EOF
+	git diff-index -C $tree >current &&
+	compare_diff_raw current expected
+'
 
 ################################################################
-
 # tree has COPYING and rezrov.  work tree has the same COPYING and
 # copy-edited COPYING.1, and unchanged rezrov.  We should not say
 # anything about rezrov or COPYING, since the revised again diff-raw
 # nows how to say Copy.
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'prepare work tree once again' \
-    'cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib/COPYING >COPYING &&
-     git update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.1'
-
-git diff-index -C --find-copies-harder $tree >current
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-:100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 0603b3238a076dc6c8022aedc6648fa523a17178 C1234	COPYING	COPYING.1
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'validate output from rename/copy detection (#3)' '
+	cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib/COPYING >COPYING &&
+	git update-index --add --remove COPYING COPYING.1 &&
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate output from rename/copy detection (#3)' \
-    'compare_diff_raw current expected'
+	cat <<-EOF >expected &&
+	:100644 100644 $origoid $oid1 C1234	COPYING	COPYING.1
+	EOF
+	git diff-index -C --find-copies-harder $tree >current &&
+	compare_diff_raw current expected
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4006-diff-mode.sh b/t/t4006-diff-mode.sh
index 76f643b2c2..a8e01eccd1 100755
--- a/t/t4006-diff-mode.sh
+++ b/t/t4006-diff-mode.sh
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ test_description='Test mode change diffs.
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-sed_script='s/\(:100644 100755\) \('"$_x40"'\) \2 /\1 X X /'
+sed_script='s/\(:100644 100755\) \('"$OID_REGEX"'\) \2 /\1 X X /'
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	echo frotz >rezrov &&
diff --git a/t/t4007-rename-3.sh b/t/t4007-rename-3.sh
index dae327fabb..b187b7f6c6 100755
--- a/t/t4007-rename-3.sh
+++ b/t/t4007-rename-3.sh
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ test_expect_success 'prepare reference tree' '
 	echo $tree
 '
 
+blob=$(git hash-object "$TEST_DIRECTORY/diff-lib/COPYING")
 test_expect_success 'prepare work tree' '
 	cp path0/COPYING path1/COPYING &&
 	git update-index --add --remove path0/COPYING path1/COPYING
@@ -26,8 +27,8 @@ test_expect_success 'prepare work tree' '
 # path1 both have COPYING and the latter is a copy of path0/COPYING.
 # Comparing the full tree with cache should tell us so.
 
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-:100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 C100	path0/COPYING	path1/COPYING
+cat >expected <<EOF
+:100644 100644 $blob $blob C100	path0/COPYING	path1/COPYING
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'copy detection' '
@@ -46,8 +47,8 @@ test_expect_success 'copy detection, cached' '
 # path1/COPYING suddenly appearing from nowhere, not detected as
 # a copy from path0/COPYING.
 
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-:000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 A	path1/COPYING
+cat >expected <<EOF
+:000000 100644 $ZERO_OID $blob A	path1/COPYING
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'copy, limited to a subtree' '
@@ -64,8 +65,8 @@ test_expect_success 'tweak work tree' '
 # path0/COPYING.  Showing the full tree with cache should tell us about
 # the rename.
 
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-:100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 R100	path0/COPYING	path1/COPYING
+cat >expected <<EOF
+:100644 100644 $blob $blob R100	path0/COPYING	path1/COPYING
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'rename detection' '
@@ -78,8 +79,8 @@ test_expect_success 'rename detection' '
 # path0/COPYING.  When we say we care only about path1, we should just
 # see path1/COPYING appearing from nowhere.
 
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-:000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 A	path1/COPYING
+cat >expected <<EOF
+:000000 100644 $ZERO_OID $blob A	path1/COPYING
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'rename, limited to a subtree' '
diff --git a/t/t4008-diff-break-rewrite.sh b/t/t4008-diff-break-rewrite.sh
index 9dd1bc5e16..b1ccd4102e 100755
--- a/t/t4008-diff-break-rewrite.sh
+++ b/t/t4008-diff-break-rewrite.sh
@@ -27,29 +27,32 @@ Further, with -B and -M together, these should turn into two renames.
 test_expect_success setup '
 	cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib/README >file0 &&
 	cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib/COPYING >file1 &&
+	blob0_id=$(git hash-object file0) &&
+	blob1_id=$(git hash-object file1) &&
 	git update-index --add file0 file1 &&
 	git tag reference $(git write-tree)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'change file1 with copy-edit of file0 and remove file0' '
 	sed -e "s/git/GIT/" file0 >file1 &&
+	blob2_id=$(git hash-object file1) &&
 	rm -f file0 &&
 	git update-index --remove file0 file1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'run diff with -B (#1)' '
 	git diff-index -B --cached reference >current &&
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	:100644 000000 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file0
-	:100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 2fbedd0b5d4b8126e4750c3bee305e8ff79f80ec M100	file1
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100644 000000 $blob0_id $ZERO_OID D	file0
+	:100644 100644 $blob1_id $blob2_id M100	file1
 	EOF
 	compare_diff_raw expect current
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'run diff with -B and -M (#2)' '
 	git diff-index -B -M reference >current &&
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	:100644 100644 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52 2fbedd0b5d4b8126e4750c3bee305e8ff79f80ec R100	file0	file1
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100644 100644 $blob0_id $blob2_id R100	file0	file1
 	EOF
 	compare_diff_raw expect current
 '
@@ -66,18 +69,18 @@ test_expect_success 'swap file0 and file1' '
 
 test_expect_success 'run diff with -B (#3)' '
 	git diff-index -B reference >current &&
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	:100644 100644 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 M100	file0
-	:100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52 M100	file1
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100644 100644 $blob0_id $blob1_id M100	file0
+	:100644 100644 $blob1_id $blob0_id M100	file1
 	EOF
 	compare_diff_raw expect current
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'run diff with -B and -M (#4)' '
 	git diff-index -B -M reference >current &&
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	:100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 R100	file1	file0
-	:100644 100644 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52 R100	file0	file1
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100644 100644 $blob1_id $blob1_id R100	file1	file0
+	:100644 100644 $blob0_id $blob0_id R100	file0	file1
 	EOF
 	compare_diff_raw expect current
 '
@@ -85,14 +88,15 @@ test_expect_success 'run diff with -B and -M (#4)' '
 test_expect_success 'make file0 into something completely different' '
 	rm -f file0 &&
 	test_ln_s_add frotz file0 &&
+	slink_id=$(printf frotz | git hash-object --stdin) &&
 	git update-index file1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'run diff with -B (#5)' '
 	git diff-index -B reference >current &&
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	:100644 120000 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52 67be421f88824578857624f7b3dc75e99a8a1481 T	file0
-	:100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52 M100	file1
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100644 120000 $blob0_id $slink_id T	file0
+	:100644 100644 $blob1_id $blob0_id M100	file1
 	EOF
 	compare_diff_raw expect current
 '
@@ -103,9 +107,9 @@ test_expect_success 'run diff with -B -M (#6)' '
 	# file0 changed from regular to symlink.  file1 is the same as the preimage
 	# of file0.  Because the change does not make file0 disappear, file1 is
 	# denoted as a copy of file0
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	:100644 120000 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52 67be421f88824578857624f7b3dc75e99a8a1481 T	file0
-	:100644 100644 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52 C	file0	file1
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100644 120000 $blob0_id $slink_id T	file0
+	:100644 100644 $blob0_id $blob0_id C	file0	file1
 	EOF
 	compare_diff_raw expect current
 '
@@ -115,9 +119,9 @@ test_expect_success 'run diff with -M (#7)' '
 
 	# This should not mistake file0 as the copy source of new file1
 	# due to type differences.
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	:100644 120000 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52 67be421f88824578857624f7b3dc75e99a8a1481 T	file0
-	:100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52 M	file1
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100644 120000 $blob0_id $slink_id T	file0
+	:100644 100644 $blob1_id $blob0_id M	file1
 	EOF
 	compare_diff_raw expect current
 '
@@ -128,25 +132,26 @@ test_expect_success 'file1 edited to look like file0 and file0 rename-edited to
 	git checkout-index -f -u -a &&
 	sed -e "s/git/GIT/" file0 >file1 &&
 	sed -e "s/git/GET/" file0 >file2 &&
+	blob3_id=$(git hash-object file2) &&
 	rm -f file0 &&
 	git update-index --add --remove file0 file1 file2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'run diff with -B (#8)' '
 	git diff-index -B reference >current &&
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	:100644 000000 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file0
-	:100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 2fbedd0b5d4b8126e4750c3bee305e8ff79f80ec M100	file1
-	:000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 69a939f651686f56322566e2fd76715947a24162 A	file2
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100644 000000 $blob0_id $ZERO_OID D	file0
+	:100644 100644 $blob1_id $blob2_id M100	file1
+	:000000 100644 $ZERO_OID $blob3_id A	file2
 	EOF
 	compare_diff_raw expect current
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'run diff with -B -C (#9)' '
 	git diff-index -B -C reference >current &&
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	:100644 100644 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52 2fbedd0b5d4b8126e4750c3bee305e8ff79f80ec C095	file0	file1
-	:100644 100644 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52 69a939f651686f56322566e2fd76715947a24162 R095	file0	file2
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100644 100644 $blob0_id $blob2_id C095	file0	file1
+	:100644 100644 $blob0_id $blob3_id R095	file0	file2
 	EOF
 	compare_diff_raw expect current
 '
diff --git a/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh b/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh
index 43c488b545..281f8fad0c 100755
--- a/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh
+++ b/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh
@@ -74,12 +74,9 @@ test_expect_success 'diff-tree pathspec' '
 	tree2=$(git write-tree) &&
 	echo "$tree2" &&
 	git diff-tree -r --name-only $tree $tree2 -- pa path1/a >current &&
-	>expected &&
-	test_cmp expected current
+	test_must_be_empty current
 '
 
-EMPTY_TREE=4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904
-
 test_expect_success 'diff-tree with wildcard shows dir also matches' '
 	git diff-tree --name-only $EMPTY_TREE $tree -- "f*" >result &&
 	echo file0 >expected &&
@@ -113,10 +110,10 @@ test_expect_success 'diff-tree -r with wildcard' '
 test_expect_success 'setup submodules' '
 	test_tick &&
 	git init submod &&
-	( cd submod && test_commit first; ) &&
+	( cd submod && test_commit first ) &&
 	git add submod &&
 	git commit -m first &&
-	( cd submod && test_commit second; ) &&
+	( cd submod && test_commit second ) &&
 	git add submod &&
 	git commit -m second
 '
diff --git a/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh b/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
index 13e7f621ab..5ae19b987d 100755
--- a/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
+++ b/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ test_expect_success 'diff identical, but newly created symlink and file' '
 	>expected &&
 	rm -f frotz nitfol &&
 	echo xyzzy >nitfol &&
-	test-chmtime +10 nitfol &&
+	test-tool chmtime +10 nitfol &&
 	if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
 	then
 		ln -s xyzzy frotz
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'diff symlinks with non-existing targets' '
 	ln -s take\ over brain &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --no-index pinky brain >output 2>output.err &&
 	grep narf output &&
-	! test -s output.err
+	test_must_be_empty output.err
 '
 
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'setup symlinks with attributes' '
@@ -139,11 +139,13 @@ test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'setup symlinks with attributes' '
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'symlinks do not respect userdiff config by path' '
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	diff --git a/file.bin b/file.bin
-	index e69de29..d95f3ad 100644
-	Binary files a/file.bin and b/file.bin differ
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..d95f3ad
+	Binary files /dev/null and b/file.bin differ
 	diff --git a/link.bin b/link.bin
-	index e69de29..dce41ec 120000
-	--- a/link.bin
+	new file mode 120000
+	index 0000000..dce41ec
+	--- /dev/null
 	+++ b/link.bin
 	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
 	+file.bin
diff --git a/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh b/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh
index 643d729157..6579c81216 100755
--- a/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh
+++ b/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'apply detecting corrupt patch correctly' '
 	sed -e "s/-CIT/xCIT/" <output >broken &&
 	test_must_fail git apply --stat --summary broken 2>detected &&
 	detected=$(cat detected) &&
-	detected=$(expr "$detected" : "fatal.*at line \\([0-9]*\\)\$") &&
+	detected=$(expr "$detected" : "error.*at line \\([0-9]*\\)\$") &&
 	detected=$(sed -ne "${detected}p" broken) &&
 	test "$detected" = xCIT
 '
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'apply detecting corrupt patch correctly' '
 	git diff --binary | sed -e "s/-CIT/xCIT/" >broken &&
 	test_must_fail git apply --stat --summary broken 2>detected &&
 	detected=$(cat detected) &&
-	detected=$(expr "$detected" : "fatal.*at line \\([0-9]*\\)\$") &&
+	detected=$(expr "$detected" : "error.*at line \\([0-9]*\\)\$") &&
 	detected=$(sed -ne "${detected}p" broken) &&
 	test "$detected" = xCIT
 '
@@ -102,10 +102,8 @@ test_expect_success 'apply binary patch' '
 
 test_expect_success 'diff --no-index with binary creation' '
 	echo Q | q_to_nul >binary &&
-	(: hide error code from diff, which just indicates differences
-	 git diff --binary --no-index /dev/null binary >current ||
-	 true
-	) &&
+	# hide error code from diff, which just indicates differences
+	test_might_fail git diff --binary --no-index /dev/null binary >current &&
 	rm binary &&
 	git apply --binary <current &&
 	echo Q >expected &&
diff --git a/t/t4013-diff-various.sh b/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
index 6ec6072118..f8d853595b 100755
--- a/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
+++ b/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 	mkdir dir3 &&
 	cp dir/sub dir3/sub &&
-	test-chmtime +1 dir3/sub &&
+	test-tool chmtime +1 dir3/sub &&
 
 	git config log.showroot false &&
 	git commit --amend &&
@@ -90,6 +90,16 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git commit -m "Rearranged lines in dir/sub" &&
 	git checkout master &&
 
+	GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2006-06-26 00:06:00 +0000" &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2006-06-26 00:06:00 +0000" &&
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE GIT_COMMITTER_DATE &&
+	git checkout -b mode initial &&
+	git update-index --chmod=+x file0 &&
+	git commit -m "update mode" &&
+	git checkout -f master &&
+
+	git config diff.renames false &&
+
 	git show-branch
 '
 
@@ -108,20 +118,37 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 EOF
 
 V=$(git version | sed -e 's/^git version //' -e 's/\./\\./g')
-while read cmd
+while read magic cmd
 do
-	case "$cmd" in
-	'' | '#'*) continue ;;
+	case "$magic" in
+	'' | '#'*)
+		continue ;;
+	:*)
+		magic=${magic#:}
+		label="$magic-$cmd"
+		case "$magic" in
+		noellipses) ;;
+		*)
+			die "bug in t4103: unknown magic $magic" ;;
+		esac ;;
+	*)
+		cmd="$magic $cmd" magic=
+		label="$cmd" ;;
 	esac
-	test=$(echo "$cmd" | sed -e 's|[/ ][/ ]*|_|g')
+	test=$(echo "$label" | sed -e 's|[/ ][/ ]*|_|g')
 	pfx=$(printf "%04d" $test_count)
 	expect="$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4013/diff.$test"
 	actual="$pfx-diff.$test"
 
-	test_expect_success "git $cmd" '
+	test_expect_success "git $cmd # magic is ${magic:-"(not used)"}" '
 		{
-			echo "\$ git $cmd"
-			git $cmd |
+			echo "$ git $cmd"
+			case "$magic" in
+			"")
+				GIT_PRINT_SHA1_ELLIPSIS=yes git $cmd ;;
+			noellipses)
+				git $cmd ;;
+			esac |
 			sed -e "s/^\\(-*\\)$V\\(-*\\)\$/\\1g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n\2/" \
 			    -e "s/^\\(.*mixed; boundary=\"-*\\)$V\\(-*\\)\"\$/\\1g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n\2\"/"
 			echo "\$"
@@ -148,9 +175,12 @@ diff-tree -r --abbrev initial
 diff-tree -r --abbrev=4 initial
 diff-tree --root initial
 diff-tree --root --abbrev initial
+:noellipses diff-tree --root --abbrev initial
 diff-tree --root -r initial
 diff-tree --root -r --abbrev initial
+:noellipses diff-tree --root -r --abbrev initial
 diff-tree --root -r --abbrev=4 initial
+:noellipses diff-tree --root -r --abbrev=4 initial
 diff-tree -p initial
 diff-tree --root -p initial
 diff-tree --patch-with-stat initial
@@ -190,11 +220,16 @@ diff-tree --pretty side
 diff-tree --pretty -p side
 diff-tree --pretty --patch-with-stat side
 
+diff-tree initial mode
+diff-tree --stat initial mode
+diff-tree --summary initial mode
+
 diff-tree master
 diff-tree -p master
 diff-tree -p -m master
 diff-tree -c master
 diff-tree -c --abbrev master
+:noellipses diff-tree -c --abbrev master
 diff-tree --cc master
 # stat only should show the diffstat with the first parent
 diff-tree -c --stat master
@@ -241,8 +276,10 @@ rev-list --parents HEAD
 rev-list --children HEAD
 
 whatchanged master
+:noellipses whatchanged master
 whatchanged -p master
 whatchanged --root master
+:noellipses whatchanged --root master
 whatchanged --root -p master
 whatchanged --patch-with-stat master
 whatchanged --root --patch-with-stat master
@@ -252,6 +289,7 @@ whatchanged --root -c --patch-with-stat --summary master
 # improved by Timo's patch
 whatchanged --root --cc --patch-with-stat --summary master
 whatchanged -SF master
+:noellipses whatchanged -SF master
 whatchanged -SF -p master
 
 log --patch-with-stat master -- dir/
@@ -270,6 +308,7 @@ show --stat side
 show --stat --summary side
 show --patch-with-stat side
 show --patch-with-raw side
+:noellipses show --patch-with-raw side
 show --patch-with-stat --summary side
 
 format-patch --stdout initial..side
@@ -297,16 +336,36 @@ diff -r --stat initial..side
 diff initial..side
 diff --patch-with-stat initial..side
 diff --patch-with-raw initial..side
+:noellipses diff --patch-with-raw initial..side
 diff --patch-with-stat -r initial..side
 diff --patch-with-raw -r initial..side
+:noellipses diff --patch-with-raw -r initial..side
 diff --name-status dir2 dir
 diff --no-index --name-status dir2 dir
 diff --no-index --name-status -- dir2 dir
 diff --no-index dir dir3
 diff master master^ side
+# Can't use spaces...
+diff --line-prefix=abc master master^ side
 diff --dirstat master~1 master~2
 diff --dirstat initial rearrange
 diff --dirstat-by-file initial rearrange
+# No-index --abbrev and --no-abbrev
+diff --raw initial
+:noellipses diff --raw initial
+diff --raw --abbrev=4 initial
+:noellipses diff --raw --abbrev=4 initial
+diff --raw --no-abbrev initial
+diff --no-index --raw dir2 dir
+:noellipses diff --no-index --raw dir2 dir
+diff --no-index --raw --abbrev=4 dir2 dir
+:noellipses diff --no-index --raw --abbrev=4 dir2 dir
+diff --no-index --raw --no-abbrev dir2 dir
+
+diff-tree --pretty --root --stat --compact-summary initial
+diff-tree --pretty -R --root --stat --compact-summary initial
+diff-tree --stat --compact-summary initial mode
+diff-tree -R --stat --compact-summary initial mode
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'log -S requires an argument' '
@@ -323,6 +382,10 @@ test_expect_success 'diff --cached -- file on unborn branch' '
 	git diff --cached -- file0 >result &&
 	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4013/diff.diff_--cached_--_file0" result
 '
+test_expect_success 'diff --line-prefix with spaces' '
+	git diff --line-prefix="| | | " --cached -- file0 >result &&
+	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4013/diff.diff_--line-prefix_--cached_--_file0" result
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'diff-tree --stdin with log formatting' '
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--root_--stat_--compact-summary_initial b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--root_--stat_--compact-summary_initial
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d6451ff7cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--root_--stat_--compact-summary_initial
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+$ git diff-tree --pretty --root --stat --compact-summary initial
+commit 444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:00:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Initial
+
+ dir/sub (new) | 2 ++
+ file0 (new)   | 3 +++
+ file2 (new)   | 3 +++
+ 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+)
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_-R_--root_--stat_--compact-summary_initial b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_-R_--root_--stat_--compact-summary_initial
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1989e55cd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_-R_--root_--stat_--compact-summary_initial
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+$ git diff-tree --pretty -R --root --stat --compact-summary initial
+commit 444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:00:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Initial
+
+ dir/sub (gone) | 2 --
+ file0 (gone)   | 3 ---
+ file2 (gone)   | 3 ---
+ 3 files changed, 8 deletions(-)
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--stat_--compact-summary_initial_mode b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--stat_--compact-summary_initial_mode
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9c7c8f63af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--stat_--compact-summary_initial_mode
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+$ git diff-tree --stat --compact-summary initial mode
+ file0 (mode +x) | 0
+ 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--stat_initial_mode b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--stat_initial_mode
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0e5943c2c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--stat_initial_mode
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+$ git diff-tree --stat initial mode
+ file0 | 0
+ 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--summary_initial_mode b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--summary_initial_mode
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..25846b6af8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--summary_initial_mode
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+$ git diff-tree --summary initial mode
+ mode change 100644 => 100755 file0
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_-R_--stat_--compact-summary_initial_mode b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_-R_--stat_--compact-summary_initial_mode
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e38f3d3bfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_-R_--stat_--compact-summary_initial_mode
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+$ git diff-tree -R --stat --compact-summary initial mode
+ file0 (mode -x) | 0
+ 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_initial_mode b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_initial_mode
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c47c09423e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_initial_mode
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+$ git diff-tree initial mode
+:100644 100755 01e79c32a8c99c557f0757da7cb6d65b3414466d 01e79c32a8c99c557f0757da7cb6d65b3414466d M	file0
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--line-prefix=abc_master_master^_side b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--line-prefix=abc_master_master^_side
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..99f91e7f0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--line-prefix=abc_master_master^_side
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+$ git diff --line-prefix=abc master master^ side
+abcdiff --cc dir/sub
+abcindex cead32e,7289e35..992913c
+abc--- a/dir/sub
+abc+++ b/dir/sub
+abc@@@ -1,6 -1,4 +1,8 @@@
+abc  A
+abc  B
+abc +C
+abc +D
+abc +E
+abc +F
+abc+ 1
+abc+ 2
+abcdiff --cc file0
+abcindex b414108,f4615da..10a8a9f
+abc--- a/file0
+abc+++ b/file0
+abc@@@ -1,6 -1,6 +1,9 @@@
+abc  1
+abc  2
+abc  3
+abc +4
+abc +5
+abc +6
+abc+ A
+abc+ B
+abc+ C
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--line-prefix_--cached_--_file0 b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--line-prefix_--cached_--_file0
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f41ba4d36a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--line-prefix_--cached_--_file0
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+| | | diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+| | | new file mode 100644
+| | | index 0000000..10a8a9f
+| | | --- /dev/null
+| | | +++ b/file0
+| | | @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+| | | +1
+| | | +2
+| | | +3
+| | | +4
+| | | +5
+| | | +6
+| | | +A
+| | | +B
+| | | +C
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--raw_--abbrev=4_dir2_dir b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--raw_--abbrev=4_dir2_dir
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a71b38a833
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--raw_--abbrev=4_dir2_dir
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+$ git diff --no-index --raw --abbrev=4 dir2 dir
+:000000 100644 0000... 0000... A	dir/sub
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--raw_--no-abbrev_dir2_dir b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--raw_--no-abbrev_dir2_dir
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e0f00977c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--raw_--no-abbrev_dir2_dir
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+$ git diff --no-index --raw --no-abbrev dir2 dir
+:000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 A	dir/sub
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--raw_dir2_dir b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--raw_dir2_dir
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3cb4ee7a9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--raw_dir2_dir
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+$ git diff --no-index --raw dir2 dir
+:000000 100644 0000000... 0000000... A	dir/sub
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--raw_--abbrev=4_initial b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--raw_--abbrev=4_initial
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c3641db31d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--raw_--abbrev=4_initial
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+$ git diff --raw --abbrev=4 initial
+:100644 100644 35d2... 9929... M	dir/sub
+:100644 100644 01e7... 10a8... M	file0
+:000000 100644 0000... b1e6... A	file1
+:100644 000000 01e7... 0000... D	file2
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--raw_--no-abbrev_initial b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--raw_--no-abbrev_initial
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c87a1258e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--raw_--no-abbrev_initial
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+$ git diff --raw --no-abbrev initial
+:100644 100644 35d242ba79ae89ac695e26b3d4c27a8e6f028f9e 992913c5aa0a5476d10c49ed0f21fc0c6d1aedf3 M	dir/sub
+:100644 100644 01e79c32a8c99c557f0757da7cb6d65b3414466d 10a8a9f3657f91a156b9f0184ed79a20adef9f7f M	file0
+:000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 b1e67221afe8461efd244b487afca22d46b95eb8 A	file1
+:100644 000000 01e79c32a8c99c557f0757da7cb6d65b3414466d 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file2
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--raw_initial b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--raw_initial
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a3e978040d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--raw_initial
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+$ git diff --raw initial
+:100644 100644 35d242b... 992913c... M	dir/sub
+:100644 100644 01e79c3... 10a8a9f... M	file0
+:000000 100644 0000000... b1e6722... A	file1
+:100644 000000 01e79c3... 0000000... D	file2
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate=full_--all b/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate=full_--all
index 44d45257da..2afe91f116 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate=full_--all
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate=full_--all
@@ -1,11 +1,17 @@
 $ git log --decorate=full --all
+commit b7e0bc69303b488b47deca799a7d723971dfa6cd (refs/heads/mode)
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:06:00 2006 +0000
+
+    update mode
+
 commit cd4e72fd96faed3f0ba949dc42967430374e2290 (refs/heads/rearrange)
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:06:00 2006 +0000
 
     Rearranged lines in dir/sub
 
-commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64 (HEAD, refs/heads/master)
+commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64 (HEAD -> refs/heads/master)
 Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate_--all b/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate_--all
index 27d3eabc26..d0f308ab2b 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate_--all
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate_--all
@@ -1,11 +1,17 @@
 $ git log --decorate --all
+commit b7e0bc69303b488b47deca799a7d723971dfa6cd (mode)
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:06:00 2006 +0000
+
+    update mode
+
 commit cd4e72fd96faed3f0ba949dc42967430374e2290 (rearrange)
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:06:00 2006 +0000
 
     Rearranged lines in dir/sub
 
-commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64 (HEAD, master)
+commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64 (HEAD -> master)
 Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff-tree_--root_--abbrev_initial b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff-tree_--root_--abbrev_initial
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4bdad4072e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff-tree_--root_--abbrev_initial
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+$ git diff-tree --root --abbrev initial
+444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a
+:000000 040000 0000000 da7a33f A	dir
+:000000 100644 0000000 01e79c3 A	file0
+:000000 100644 0000000 01e79c3 A	file2
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff-tree_--root_-r_--abbrev=4_initial b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff-tree_--root_-r_--abbrev=4_initial
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..26fbfeb177
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff-tree_--root_-r_--abbrev=4_initial
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+$ git diff-tree --root -r --abbrev=4 initial
+444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a
+:000000 100644 0000 35d2 A	dir/sub
+:000000 100644 0000 01e7 A	file0
+:000000 100644 0000 01e7 A	file2
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff-tree_--root_-r_--abbrev_initial b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff-tree_--root_-r_--abbrev_initial
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2ac8561191
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff-tree_--root_-r_--abbrev_initial
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+$ git diff-tree --root -r --abbrev initial
+444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a
+:000000 100644 0000000 35d242b A	dir/sub
+:000000 100644 0000000 01e79c3 A	file0
+:000000 100644 0000000 01e79c3 A	file2
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff-tree_-c_--abbrev_master b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff-tree_-c_--abbrev_master
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bb80f013b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff-tree_-c_--abbrev_master
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+$ git diff-tree -c --abbrev master
+59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
+::100644 100644 100644 cead32e 7289e35 992913c MM	dir/sub
+::100644 100644 100644 b414108 f4615da 10a8a9f MM	file0
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--no-index_--raw_--abbrev=4_dir2_dir b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--no-index_--raw_--abbrev=4_dir2_dir
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..41b7baf0a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--no-index_--raw_--abbrev=4_dir2_dir
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+$ git diff --no-index --raw --abbrev=4 dir2 dir
+:000000 100644 0000 0000 A	dir/sub
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--no-index_--raw_dir2_dir b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--no-index_--raw_dir2_dir
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0cf3a3efea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--no-index_--raw_dir2_dir
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+$ git diff --no-index --raw dir2 dir
+:000000 100644 0000000 0000000 A	dir/sub
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--patch-with-raw_-r_initial..side b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--patch-with-raw_-r_initial..side
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8d1f1e3721
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--patch-with-raw_-r_initial..side
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+$ git diff --patch-with-raw -r initial..side
+:100644 100644 35d242b 7289e35 M	dir/sub
+:100644 100644 01e79c3 f4615da M	file0
+:000000 100644 0000000 7289e35 A	file3
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+ A
+ B
++1
++2
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+index 01e79c3..f4615da 100644
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
++A
++B
++C
+diff --git a/file3 b/file3
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..7289e35
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file3
+@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
++A
++B
++1
++2
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--patch-with-raw_initial..side b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--patch-with-raw_initial..side
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..50d8aee4f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--patch-with-raw_initial..side
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+$ git diff --patch-with-raw initial..side
+:100644 100644 35d242b 7289e35 M	dir/sub
+:100644 100644 01e79c3 f4615da M	file0
+:000000 100644 0000000 7289e35 A	file3
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+ A
+ B
++1
++2
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+index 01e79c3..f4615da 100644
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
++A
++B
++C
+diff --git a/file3 b/file3
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..7289e35
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file3
+@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
++A
++B
++1
++2
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--raw_--abbrev=4_initial b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--raw_--abbrev=4_initial
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8ae44d6c83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--raw_--abbrev=4_initial
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+$ git diff --raw --abbrev=4 initial
+:100644 100644 35d2 9929 M	dir/sub
+:100644 100644 01e7 10a8 M	file0
+:000000 100644 0000 b1e6 A	file1
+:100644 000000 01e7 0000 D	file2
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--raw_initial b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--raw_initial
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0175bfb281
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-diff_--raw_initial
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+$ git diff --raw initial
+:100644 100644 35d242b 992913c M	dir/sub
+:100644 100644 01e79c3 10a8a9f M	file0
+:000000 100644 0000000 b1e6722 A	file1
+:100644 000000 01e79c3 0000000 D	file2
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-show_--patch-with-raw_side b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-show_--patch-with-raw_side
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..32fed3d576
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-show_--patch-with-raw_side
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+$ git show --patch-with-raw side
+commit c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:03:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Side
+
+:100644 100644 35d242b 7289e35 M	dir/sub
+:100644 100644 01e79c3 f4615da M	file0
+:000000 100644 0000000 7289e35 A	file3
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+ A
+ B
++1
++2
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+index 01e79c3..f4615da 100644
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
++A
++B
++C
+diff --git a/file3 b/file3
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..7289e35
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file3
+@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
++A
++B
++1
++2
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-whatchanged_--root_master b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-whatchanged_--root_master
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c2cfd4e729
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-whatchanged_--root_master
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+$ git whatchanged --root master
+commit c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:03:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Side
+
+:100644 100644 35d242b 7289e35 M	dir/sub
+:100644 100644 01e79c3 f4615da M	file0
+:000000 100644 0000000 7289e35 A	file3
+
+commit 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:02:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Third
+
+:100644 100644 8422d40 cead32e M	dir/sub
+:000000 100644 0000000 b1e6722 A	file1
+
+commit 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:01:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Second
+    
+    This is the second commit.
+
+:100644 100644 35d242b 8422d40 M	dir/sub
+:100644 100644 01e79c3 b414108 M	file0
+:100644 000000 01e79c3 0000000 D	file2
+
+commit 444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:00:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Initial
+
+:000000 100644 0000000 35d242b A	dir/sub
+:000000 100644 0000000 01e79c3 A	file0
+:000000 100644 0000000 01e79c3 A	file2
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-whatchanged_-SF_master b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-whatchanged_-SF_master
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b36ce5886e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-whatchanged_-SF_master
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+$ git whatchanged -SF master
+commit 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:02:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Third
+
+:100644 100644 8422d40 cead32e M	dir/sub
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-whatchanged_master b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-whatchanged_master
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..55e500f2ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.noellipses-whatchanged_master
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+$ git whatchanged master
+commit c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:03:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Side
+
+:100644 100644 35d242b 7289e35 M	dir/sub
+:100644 100644 01e79c3 f4615da M	file0
+:000000 100644 0000000 7289e35 A	file3
+
+commit 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:02:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Third
+
+:100644 100644 8422d40 cead32e M	dir/sub
+:000000 100644 0000000 b1e6722 A	file1
+
+commit 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:01:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Second
+    
+    This is the second commit.
+
+:100644 100644 35d242b 8422d40 M	dir/sub
+:100644 100644 01e79c3 b414108 M	file0
+:100644 000000 01e79c3 0000000 D	file2
+$
diff --git a/t/t4014-format-patch.sh b/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
index c39e50028f..53880da7bb 100755
--- a/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
+++ b/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
@@ -57,6 +57,14 @@ test_expect_success "format-patch --ignore-if-in-upstream" '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success "format-patch --ignore-if-in-upstream handles tags" '
+	git tag -a v1 -m tag side &&
+	git tag -a v2 -m tag master &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --ignore-if-in-upstream v2..v1 >patch1 &&
+	cnt=$(grep "^From " patch1 | wc -l) &&
+	test $cnt = 2
+'
+
 test_expect_success "format-patch doesn't consider merge commits" '
 
 	git checkout -b slave master &&
@@ -221,6 +229,46 @@ check_patch () {
 	grep -e "^Subject:" "$1"
 }
 
+test_expect_success 'format.from=false' '
+
+	git -c format.from=false format-patch --stdout master..side |
+	sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch &&
+	check_patch patch &&
+	! grep "^From: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>\$" patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format.from=true' '
+
+	git -c format.from=true format-patch --stdout master..side |
+	sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch &&
+	check_patch patch &&
+	grep "^From: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>\$" patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format.from with address' '
+
+	git -c format.from="F R Om <from@example.com>" format-patch --stdout master..side |
+	sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch &&
+	check_patch patch &&
+	grep "^From: F R Om <from@example.com>\$" patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-from overrides format.from' '
+
+	git -c format.from="F R Om <from@example.com>" format-patch --no-from --stdout master..side |
+	sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch &&
+	check_patch patch &&
+	! grep "^From: F R Om <from@example.com>\$" patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--from overrides format.from' '
+
+	git -c format.from="F R Om <from@example.com>" format-patch --from --stdout master..side |
+	sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch &&
+	check_patch patch &&
+	! grep "^From: F R Om <from@example.com>\$" patch
+'
+
 test_expect_success '--no-to overrides config.to' '
 
 	git config --replace-all format.to \
@@ -530,7 +578,11 @@ test_expect_success 'excessive subject' '
 
 	rm -rf patches/ &&
 	git checkout side &&
+	before=$(git hash-object file) &&
+	before=$(git rev-parse --short $before) &&
 	for i in 5 6 1 2 3 A 4 B C 7 8 9 10 D E F; do echo "$i"; done >>file &&
+	after=$(git hash-object file) &&
+	after=$(git rev-parse --short $after) &&
 	git update-index file &&
 	git commit -m "This is an excessively long subject line for a message due to the habit some projects have of not having a short, one-line subject at the start of the commit message, but rather sticking a whole paragraph right at the start as the only thing in the commit message. It had better not become the filename for the patch." &&
 	git format-patch -o patches/ master..side &&
@@ -538,10 +590,9 @@ test_expect_success 'excessive subject' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cover-letter inherits diff options' '
-
 	git mv file foo &&
 	git commit -m foo &&
-	git format-patch --cover-letter -1 &&
+	git format-patch --no-renames --cover-letter -1 &&
 	check_patch 0000-cover-letter.patch &&
 	! grep "file => foo .* 0 *\$" 0000-cover-letter.patch &&
 	git format-patch --cover-letter -1 -M &&
@@ -568,7 +619,7 @@ test_expect_success 'shortlog of cover-letter wraps overly-long onelines' '
 '
 
 cat > expect << EOF
-index 40f36c6..2dc5c23 100644
+index $before..$after 100644
 --- a/file
 +++ b/file
 @@ -13,4 +13,20 @@ C
@@ -592,7 +643,7 @@ test_expect_success 'format-patch respects -U' '
 cat > expect << EOF
 
 diff --git a/file b/file
-index 40f36c6..2dc5c23 100644
+index $before..$after 100644
 --- a/file
 +++ b/file
 @@ -14,3 +14,19 @@ C
@@ -695,7 +746,7 @@ test_expect_success 'options no longer allowed for format-patch' '
 
 test_expect_success 'format-patch --numstat should produce a patch' '
 	git format-patch --numstat --stdout master..side > output &&
-	test 6 = $(grep "^diff --git a/" output | wc -l)'
+	test 5 = $(grep "^diff --git a/" output | wc -l)'
 
 test_expect_success 'format-patch -- <path>' '
 	git format-patch master..side -- file 2>error &&
@@ -706,9 +757,22 @@ test_expect_success 'format-patch --ignore-if-in-upstream HEAD' '
 	git format-patch --ignore-if-in-upstream HEAD
 '
 
+git_version="$(git --version | sed "s/.* //")"
+
+signature() {
+	printf "%s\n%s\n\n" "-- " "${1:-$git_version}"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch default signature' '
+	git format-patch --stdout -1 | tail -n 3 >output &&
+	signature >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'format-patch --signature' '
-	git format-patch --stdout --signature="my sig" -1 >output &&
-	grep "my sig" output
+	git format-patch --stdout --signature="my sig" -1 | tail -n 3 >output &&
+	signature "my sig" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'format-patch with format.signature config' '
@@ -1025,6 +1089,15 @@ test_expect_success 'empty subject prefix does not have extra space' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--rfc' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	Subject: [RFC PATCH 1/1] header with . in it
+	EOF
+	git format-patch -n -1 --stdout --rfc >patch &&
+	grep ^Subject: patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success '--from=ident notices bogus ident' '
 	test_must_fail git format-patch -1 --stdout --from=foo >patch
 '
@@ -1064,7 +1137,7 @@ test_expect_success '--from omits redundant in-body header' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'in-body headers trigger content encoding' '
-	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="éxötìc" test_commit exotic &&
+	test_env GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="éxötìc" test_commit exotic &&
 	test_when_finished "git reset --hard HEAD^" &&
 	git format-patch -1 --stdout --from >patch &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
@@ -1224,8 +1297,7 @@ EOF
 4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
 8:
 10:Signed-off-by: example happens to be wrapped here.
-11:
-12:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+11:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
 EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
@@ -1298,7 +1370,7 @@ EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'signoff: detect garbage in non-conforming footer' '
+test_expect_success 'signoff: tolerate garbage in conforming footer' '
 	append_signoff <<\EOF >actual &&
 subject
 
@@ -1313,8 +1385,36 @@ EOF
 8:
 10:
 13:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
-14:
-15:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff: respect trailer config' '
+	append_signoff <<\EOF >actual &&
+subject
+
+Myfooter: x
+Some Trash
+EOF
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
+8:
+11:
+12:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	test_config trailer.Myfooter.ifexists add &&
+	append_signoff <<\EOF >actual &&
+subject
+
+Myfooter: x
+Some Trash
+EOF
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
+8:
+11:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
 EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
@@ -1423,4 +1523,198 @@ test_expect_success 'cover letter auto user override' '
 	test_line_count = 2 list
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'format-patch --zero-commit' '
+	git format-patch --zero-commit --stdout v2..v1 >patch2 &&
+	grep "^From " patch2 | sort | uniq >actual &&
+	echo "From $ZERO_OID Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'From line has expected format' '
+	git format-patch --stdout v2..v1 >patch2 &&
+	grep "^From " patch2 >from &&
+	grep "^From $OID_REGEX Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001$" patch2 >filtered &&
+	test_cmp from filtered
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch format.outputDirectory option' '
+	test_config format.outputDirectory patches &&
+	rm -fr patches &&
+	git format-patch master..side &&
+	test $(git rev-list master..side | wc -l) -eq $(ls patches | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch -o overrides format.outputDirectory' '
+	test_config format.outputDirectory patches &&
+	rm -fr patches patchset &&
+	git format-patch master..side -o patchset &&
+	test_path_is_missing patches &&
+	test_path_is_dir patchset
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch --base' '
+	git checkout side &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --base=HEAD~3 -1 | tail -n 7 >actual1 &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --base=HEAD~3 HEAD~.. | tail -n 7 >actual2 &&
+	echo >expected &&
+	echo "base-commit: $(git rev-parse HEAD~3)" >>expected &&
+	echo "prerequisite-patch-id: $(git show --patch HEAD~2 | git patch-id --stable | awk "{print \$1}")" >>expected &&
+	echo "prerequisite-patch-id: $(git show --patch HEAD~1 | git patch-id --stable | awk "{print \$1}")" >>expected &&
+	signature >> expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual1 &&
+	test_cmp expected actual2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch --base errors out when base commit is in revision list' '
+	test_must_fail git format-patch --base=HEAD -2 &&
+	test_must_fail git format-patch --base=HEAD~1 -2 &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --base=HEAD~2 -2 >patch &&
+	grep "^base-commit:" patch >actual &&
+	echo "base-commit: $(git rev-parse HEAD~2)" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch --base errors out when base commit is not ancestor of revision list' '
+	# For history as below:
+	#
+	#    ---Q---P---Z---Y---*---X
+	#	 \             /
+	#	  ------------W
+	#
+	# If "format-patch Z..X" is given, P and Z can not be specified as the base commit
+	git checkout -b topic1 master &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD >commit-id-base &&
+	test_commit P &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD >commit-id-P &&
+	test_commit Z &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD >commit-id-Z &&
+	test_commit Y &&
+	git checkout -b topic2 master &&
+	test_commit W &&
+	git merge topic1 &&
+	test_commit X &&
+	test_must_fail git format-patch --base=$(cat commit-id-P) -3 &&
+	test_must_fail git format-patch --base=$(cat commit-id-Z) -3 &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --base=$(cat commit-id-base) -3 >patch &&
+	grep "^base-commit:" patch >actual &&
+	echo "base-commit: $(cat commit-id-base)" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch --base=auto' '
+	git checkout -b upstream master &&
+	git checkout -b local upstream &&
+	git branch --set-upstream-to=upstream &&
+	test_commit N1 &&
+	test_commit N2 &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --base=auto -2 >patch &&
+	grep "^base-commit:" patch >actual &&
+	echo "base-commit: $(git rev-parse upstream)" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch errors out when history involves criss-cross' '
+	# setup criss-cross history
+	#
+	#   B---M1---D
+	#  / \ /
+	# A   X
+	#  \ / \
+	#   C---M2---E
+	#
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_commit A &&
+	git checkout -b xb master &&
+	test_commit B &&
+	git checkout -b xc master &&
+	test_commit C &&
+	git checkout -b xbc xb -- &&
+	git merge xc &&
+	git checkout -b xcb xc -- &&
+	git branch --set-upstream-to=xbc &&
+	git merge xb &&
+	git checkout xbc &&
+	test_commit D &&
+	git checkout xcb &&
+	test_commit E &&
+	test_must_fail 	git format-patch --base=auto -1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch format.useAutoBaseoption' '
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset format.useAutoBase" &&
+	git checkout local &&
+	git config format.useAutoBase true &&
+	git format-patch --stdout -1 >patch &&
+	grep "^base-commit:" patch >actual &&
+	echo "base-commit: $(git rev-parse upstream)" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch --base overrides format.useAutoBase' '
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset format.useAutoBase" &&
+	git config format.useAutoBase true &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --base=HEAD~1 -1 >patch &&
+	grep "^base-commit:" patch >actual &&
+	echo "base-commit: $(git rev-parse HEAD~1)" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch --base with --attach' '
+	git format-patch --attach=mimemime --stdout --base=HEAD~ -1 >patch &&
+	sed -n -e "/^base-commit:/s/.*/1/p" -e "/^---*mimemime--$/s/.*/2/p" \
+		patch >actual &&
+	test_write_lines 1 2 >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+test_expect_success 'format-patch --attach cover-letter only is non-multipart' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr patches" &&
+	git format-patch -o patches --cover-letter --attach=mimemime --base=HEAD~ -1 &&
+	! egrep "^--+mimemime" patches/0000*.patch &&
+	egrep "^--+mimemime$" patches/0001*.patch >output &&
+	test_line_count = 2 output &&
+	egrep "^--+mimemime--$" patches/0001*.patch >output &&
+	test_line_count = 1 output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch --pretty=mboxrd' '
+	sp=" " &&
+	cat >msg <<-INPUT_END &&
+	mboxrd should escape the body
+
+	From could trip up a loose mbox parser
+	>From extra escape for reversibility
+	>>From extra escape for reversibility 2
+	from lower case not escaped
+	Fromm bad speling not escaped
+	 From with leading space not escaped
+
+	F
+	From
+	From$sp
+	From    $sp
+	From	$sp
+	INPUT_END
+
+	cat >expect <<-INPUT_END &&
+	>From could trip up a loose mbox parser
+	>>From extra escape for reversibility
+	>>>From extra escape for reversibility 2
+	from lower case not escaped
+	Fromm bad speling not escaped
+	 From with leading space not escaped
+
+	F
+	From
+	From
+	From
+	From
+	INPUT_END
+
+	C=$(git commit-tree HEAD^^{tree} -p HEAD <msg) &&
+	git format-patch --pretty=mboxrd --stdout -1 $C~1..$C >patch &&
+	git grep -h --no-index -A11 \
+		"^>From could trip up a loose mbox parser" patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh b/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh
index 604a838c1a..a9fb226c5a 100755
--- a/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh
+++ b/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh
@@ -9,138 +9,171 @@ test_description='Test special whitespace in diff engine.
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh
 
-# Ray Lehtiniemi's example
+test_expect_success "Ray Lehtiniemi's example" '
+	cat <<-\EOF >x &&
+	do {
+	   nothing;
+	} while (0);
+	EOF
+	git update-index --add x &&
 
-cat << EOF > x
-do {
-   nothing;
-} while (0);
-EOF
+	cat <<-\EOF >x &&
+	do
+	{
+	   nothing;
+	}
+	while (0);
+	EOF
 
-git update-index --add x
+	cat <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	diff --git a/x b/x
+	index adf3937..6edc172 100644
+	--- a/x
+	+++ b/x
+	@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+	-do {
+	+do
+	+{
+	    nothing;
+	-} while (0);
+	+}
+	+while (0);
+	EOF
 
-cat << EOF > x
-do
-{
-   nothing;
-}
-while (0);
-EOF
+	git diff >out &&
+	test_cmp expect out &&
 
-cat << EOF > expect
-diff --git a/x b/x
-index adf3937..6edc172 100644
---- a/x
-+++ b/x
-@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
--do {
-+do
-+{
-    nothing;
--} while (0);
-+}
-+while (0);
-EOF
+	git diff -w >out &&
+	test_cmp expect out &&
 
-git diff > out
-test_expect_success "Ray's example without options" 'test_cmp expect out'
+	git diff -b >out &&
+	test_cmp expect out
+'
 
-git diff -w > out
-test_expect_success "Ray's example with -w" 'test_cmp expect out'
+test_expect_success 'another test, without options' '
+	tr Q "\015" <<-\EOF >x &&
+	whitespace at beginning
+	whitespace change
+	whitespace in the middle
+	whitespace at end
+	unchanged line
+	CR at endQ
+	EOF
 
-git diff -b > out
-test_expect_success "Ray's example with -b" 'test_cmp expect out'
+	git update-index x &&
 
-tr 'Q' '\015' << EOF > x
-whitespace at beginning
-whitespace change
-whitespace in the middle
-whitespace at end
-unchanged line
-CR at endQ
-EOF
+	tr "_" " " <<-\EOF >x &&
+	_	whitespace at beginning
+	whitespace 	 change
+	white space in the middle
+	whitespace at end__
+	unchanged line
+	CR at end
+	EOF
+
+	tr "Q_" "\015 " <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	diff --git a/x b/x
+	index d99af23..22d9f73 100644
+	--- a/x
+	+++ b/x
+	@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+	-whitespace at beginning
+	-whitespace change
+	-whitespace in the middle
+	-whitespace at end
+	+ 	whitespace at beginning
+	+whitespace 	 change
+	+white space in the middle
+	+whitespace at end__
+	 unchanged line
+	-CR at endQ
+	+CR at end
+	EOF
 
-git update-index x
+	git diff >out &&
+	test_cmp expect out &&
 
-tr '_' ' ' << EOF > x
-	whitespace at beginning
-whitespace 	 change
-white space in the middle
-whitespace at end__
-unchanged line
-CR at end
-EOF
+	git diff -w >out &&
+	test_must_be_empty out &&
 
-tr 'Q_' '\015 ' << EOF > expect
-diff --git a/x b/x
-index d99af23..8b32fb5 100644
---- a/x
-+++ b/x
-@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
--whitespace at beginning
--whitespace change
--whitespace in the middle
--whitespace at end
-+	whitespace at beginning
-+whitespace 	 change
-+white space in the middle
-+whitespace at end__
- unchanged line
--CR at endQ
-+CR at end
-EOF
-git diff > out
-test_expect_success 'another test, without options' 'test_cmp expect out'
+	git diff -w -b >out &&
+	test_must_be_empty out &&
 
-cat << EOF > expect
-EOF
-git diff -w > out
-test_expect_success 'another test, with -w' 'test_cmp expect out'
-git diff -w -b > out
-test_expect_success 'another test, with -w -b' 'test_cmp expect out'
-git diff -w --ignore-space-at-eol > out
-test_expect_success 'another test, with -w --ignore-space-at-eol' 'test_cmp expect out'
-git diff -w -b --ignore-space-at-eol > out
-test_expect_success 'another test, with -w -b --ignore-space-at-eol' 'test_cmp expect out'
-
-tr 'Q_' '\015 ' << EOF > expect
-diff --git a/x b/x
-index d99af23..8b32fb5 100644
---- a/x
-+++ b/x
-@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
--whitespace at beginning
-+	whitespace at beginning
- whitespace 	 change
--whitespace in the middle
-+white space in the middle
- whitespace at end__
- unchanged line
- CR at end
-EOF
-git diff -b > out
-test_expect_success 'another test, with -b' 'test_cmp expect out'
-git diff -b --ignore-space-at-eol > out
-test_expect_success 'another test, with -b --ignore-space-at-eol' 'test_cmp expect out'
-
-tr 'Q_' '\015 ' << EOF > expect
-diff --git a/x b/x
-index d99af23..8b32fb5 100644
---- a/x
-+++ b/x
-@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
--whitespace at beginning
--whitespace change
--whitespace in the middle
-+	whitespace at beginning
-+whitespace 	 change
-+white space in the middle
- whitespace at end__
- unchanged line
- CR at end
-EOF
-git diff --ignore-space-at-eol > out
-test_expect_success 'another test, with --ignore-space-at-eol' 'test_cmp expect out'
+	git diff -w --ignore-space-at-eol >out &&
+	test_must_be_empty out &&
+
+	git diff -w -b --ignore-space-at-eol >out &&
+	test_must_be_empty out &&
+
+	git diff -w --ignore-cr-at-eol >out &&
+	test_must_be_empty out &&
+
+	tr "Q_" "\015 " <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	diff --git a/x b/x
+	index d99af23..22d9f73 100644
+	--- a/x
+	+++ b/x
+	@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+	-whitespace at beginning
+	+_	whitespace at beginning
+	 whitespace 	 change
+	-whitespace in the middle
+	+white space in the middle
+	 whitespace at end__
+	 unchanged line
+	 CR at end
+	EOF
+	git diff -b >out &&
+	test_cmp expect out &&
+
+	git diff -b --ignore-space-at-eol >out &&
+	test_cmp expect out &&
+
+	git diff -b --ignore-cr-at-eol >out &&
+	test_cmp expect out &&
+
+	tr "Q_" "\015 " <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	diff --git a/x b/x
+	index d99af23..22d9f73 100644
+	--- a/x
+	+++ b/x
+	@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+	-whitespace at beginning
+	-whitespace change
+	-whitespace in the middle
+	+_	whitespace at beginning
+	+whitespace 	 change
+	+white space in the middle
+	 whitespace at end__
+	 unchanged line
+	 CR at end
+	EOF
+	git diff --ignore-space-at-eol >out &&
+	test_cmp expect out &&
+
+	git diff --ignore-space-at-eol --ignore-cr-at-eol >out &&
+	test_cmp expect out &&
+
+	tr "Q_" "\015 " <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	diff --git a/x b/x
+	index_d99af23..22d9f73 100644
+	--- a/x
+	+++ b/x
+	@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+	-whitespace at beginning
+	-whitespace change
+	-whitespace in the middle
+	-whitespace at end
+	+_	whitespace at beginning
+	+whitespace_	_change
+	+white space in the middle
+	+whitespace at end__
+	 unchanged line
+	 CR at end
+	EOF
+	git diff --ignore-cr-at-eol >out &&
+	test_cmp expect out
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'ignore-blank-lines: only new lines' '
 	test_seq 5 >x &&
@@ -148,8 +181,7 @@ test_expect_success 'ignore-blank-lines: only new lines' '
 	test_seq 5 | sed "/3/i\\
 " >x &&
 	git diff --ignore-blank-lines >out &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp out expect
+	test_must_be_empty out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ignore-blank-lines: only new lines with space' '
@@ -158,8 +190,7 @@ test_expect_success 'ignore-blank-lines: only new lines with space' '
 	test_seq 5 | sed "/3/i\\
  " >x &&
 	git diff -w --ignore-blank-lines >out &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp out expect
+	test_must_be_empty out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ignore-blank-lines: after change' '
@@ -489,291 +520,236 @@ test_expect_success 'ignore-blank-lines: mix changes and blank lines' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check mixed spaces and tabs in indent' '
-
 	# This is indented with SP HT SP.
-	echo " 	 foo();" > x &&
+	echo " 	 foo();" >x &&
 	git diff --check | grep "space before tab in indent"
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check mixed tabs and spaces in indent' '
-
 	# This is indented with HT SP HT.
-	echo "	 	foo();" > x &&
+	echo "	 	foo();" >x &&
 	git diff --check | grep "space before tab in indent"
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check with no whitespace errors' '
-
 	git commit -m "snapshot" &&
-	echo "foo();" > x &&
+	echo "foo();" >x &&
 	git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check with trailing whitespace' '
-
-	echo "foo(); " > x &&
+	echo "foo(); " >x &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check with space before tab in indent' '
-
 	# indent has space followed by hard tab
-	echo " 	foo();" > x &&
+	echo " 	foo();" >x &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--check and --exit-code are not exclusive' '
-
 	git checkout x &&
 	git diff --check --exit-code
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--check and --quiet are not exclusive' '
-
 	git diff --check --quiet
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check staged with no whitespace errors' '
-
-	echo "foo();" > x &&
+	echo "foo();" >x &&
 	git add x &&
 	git diff --cached --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check staged with trailing whitespace' '
-
-	echo "foo(); " > x &&
+	echo "foo(); " >x &&
 	git add x &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --cached --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check staged with space before tab in indent' '
-
 	# indent has space followed by hard tab
-	echo " 	foo();" > x &&
+	echo " 	foo();" >x &&
 	git add x &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --cached --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check with no whitespace errors (diff-index)' '
-
-	echo "foo();" > x &&
+	echo "foo();" >x &&
 	git add x &&
 	git diff-index --check HEAD
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check with trailing whitespace (diff-index)' '
-
-	echo "foo(); " > x &&
+	echo "foo(); " >x &&
 	git add x &&
 	test_must_fail git diff-index --check HEAD
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check with space before tab in indent (diff-index)' '
-
 	# indent has space followed by hard tab
-	echo " 	foo();" > x &&
+	echo " 	foo();" >x &&
 	git add x &&
 	test_must_fail git diff-index --check HEAD
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check staged with no whitespace errors (diff-index)' '
-
-	echo "foo();" > x &&
+	echo "foo();" >x &&
 	git add x &&
 	git diff-index --cached --check HEAD
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check staged with trailing whitespace (diff-index)' '
-
-	echo "foo(); " > x &&
+	echo "foo(); " >x &&
 	git add x &&
 	test_must_fail git diff-index --cached --check HEAD
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check staged with space before tab in indent (diff-index)' '
-
 	# indent has space followed by hard tab
-	echo " 	foo();" > x &&
+	echo " 	foo();" >x &&
 	git add x &&
 	test_must_fail git diff-index --cached --check HEAD
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check with no whitespace errors (diff-tree)' '
-
-	echo "foo();" > x &&
+	echo "foo();" >x &&
 	git commit -m "new commit" x &&
 	git diff-tree --check HEAD^ HEAD
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check with trailing whitespace (diff-tree)' '
-
-	echo "foo(); " > x &&
+	echo "foo(); " >x &&
 	git commit -m "another commit" x &&
 	test_must_fail git diff-tree --check HEAD^ HEAD
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check with space before tab in indent (diff-tree)' '
-
 	# indent has space followed by hard tab
-	echo " 	foo();" > x &&
+	echo " 	foo();" >x &&
 	git commit -m "yet another" x &&
 	test_must_fail git diff-tree --check HEAD^ HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check with ignored trailing whitespace attr (diff-tree)' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard HEAD^" &&
+
+	# create a whitespace error that should be ignored
+	echo "* -whitespace" >.gitattributes &&
+	git add .gitattributes &&
+	echo "foo(); " >x &&
+	git add x &&
+	git commit -m "add trailing space" &&
+
+	# with a worktree diff-tree ignores the whitespace error
+	git diff-tree --root --check HEAD &&
 
+	# without a worktree diff-tree still ignores the whitespace error
+	git -C .git diff-tree --root --check HEAD
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check trailing whitespace (trailing-space: off)' '
-
 	git config core.whitespace "-trailing-space" &&
-	echo "foo ();   " > x &&
+	echo "foo ();   " >x &&
 	git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check trailing whitespace (trailing-space: on)' '
-
 	git config core.whitespace "trailing-space" &&
-	echo "foo ();   " > x &&
+	echo "foo ();   " >x &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check space before tab in indent (space-before-tab: off)' '
-
 	# indent contains space followed by HT
 	git config core.whitespace "-space-before-tab" &&
-	echo " 	foo ();" > x &&
+	echo " 	foo ();" >x &&
 	git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check space before tab in indent (space-before-tab: on)' '
-
 	# indent contains space followed by HT
 	git config core.whitespace "space-before-tab" &&
-	echo " 	foo ();   " > x &&
+	echo " 	foo ();   " >x &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check spaces as indentation (indent-with-non-tab: off)' '
-
 	git config core.whitespace "-indent-with-non-tab" &&
-	echo "        foo ();" > x &&
+	echo "        foo ();" >x &&
 	git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check spaces as indentation (indent-with-non-tab: on)' '
-
 	git config core.whitespace "indent-with-non-tab" &&
-	echo "        foo ();" > x &&
+	echo "        foo ();" >x &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ditto, but tabwidth=9' '
-
 	git config core.whitespace "indent-with-non-tab,tabwidth=9" &&
 	git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check tabs and spaces as indentation (indent-with-non-tab: on)' '
-
 	git config core.whitespace "indent-with-non-tab" &&
-	echo "	                foo ();" > x &&
+	echo "	                foo ();" >x &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ditto, but tabwidth=10' '
-
 	git config core.whitespace "indent-with-non-tab,tabwidth=10" &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ditto, but tabwidth=20' '
-
 	git config core.whitespace "indent-with-non-tab,tabwidth=20" &&
 	git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check tabs as indentation (tab-in-indent: off)' '
-
 	git config core.whitespace "-tab-in-indent" &&
-	echo "	foo ();" > x &&
+	echo "	foo ();" >x &&
 	git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check tabs as indentation (tab-in-indent: on)' '
-
 	git config core.whitespace "tab-in-indent" &&
-	echo "	foo ();" > x &&
+	echo "	foo ();" >x &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check tabs and spaces as indentation (tab-in-indent: on)' '
-
 	git config core.whitespace "tab-in-indent" &&
-	echo "	                foo ();" > x &&
+	echo "	                foo ();" >x &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ditto, but tabwidth=1 (must be irrelevant)' '
-
 	git config core.whitespace "tab-in-indent,tabwidth=1" &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check tab-in-indent and indent-with-non-tab conflict' '
-
 	git config core.whitespace "tab-in-indent,indent-with-non-tab" &&
-	echo "foo ();" > x &&
+	echo "foo ();" >x &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --check
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check tab-in-indent excluded from wildcard whitespace attribute' '
-
 	git config --unset core.whitespace &&
-	echo "x whitespace" > .gitattributes &&
-	echo "	  foo ();" > x &&
+	echo "x whitespace" >.gitattributes &&
+	echo "	  foo ();" >x &&
 	git diff --check &&
 	rm -f .gitattributes
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'line numbers in --check output are correct' '
-
-	echo "" > x &&
-	echo "foo(); " >> x &&
+	echo "" >x &&
+	echo "foo(); " >>x &&
 	git diff --check | grep "x:2:"
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkdiff detects new trailing blank lines (1)' '
@@ -800,8 +776,6 @@ test_expect_success 'checkdiff allows new blank lines' '
 	git diff --check
 '
 
-cat <<EOF >expect
-EOF
 test_expect_success 'whitespace-only changes not reported' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	echo >x "hello world" &&
@@ -809,7 +783,7 @@ test_expect_success 'whitespace-only changes not reported' '
 	git commit -m "hello 1" &&
 	echo >x "hello  world" &&
 	git diff -b >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 cat <<EOF >expect
@@ -868,7 +842,6 @@ test_expect_success 'combined diff with autocrlf conversion' '
 # Start testing the colored format for whitespace checks
 
 test_expect_success 'setup diff colors' '
-	git config color.diff always &&
 	git config color.diff.plain normal &&
 	git config color.diff.meta bold &&
 	git config color.diff.frag cyan &&
@@ -876,30 +849,1052 @@ test_expect_success 'setup diff colors' '
 	git config color.diff.old red &&
 	git config color.diff.new green &&
 	git config color.diff.commit yellow &&
-	git config color.diff.whitespace "normal red" &&
+	git config color.diff.whitespace blue &&
 
 	git config core.autocrlf false
 '
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-<BOLD>diff --git a/x b/x<RESET>
-<BOLD>index 9daeafb..2874b91 100644<RESET>
-<BOLD>--- a/x<RESET>
-<BOLD>+++ b/x<RESET>
-<CYAN>@@ -1 +1,4 @@<RESET>
- test<RESET>
-<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>{<RESET>
-<GREEN>+<RESET><BRED>	<RESET>
-<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>}<RESET>
-EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'diff that introduces a line with only tabs' '
 	git config core.whitespace blank-at-eol &&
 	git reset --hard &&
-	echo "test" > x &&
+	echo "test" >x &&
 	git commit -m "initial" x &&
-	echo "{NTN}" | tr "NT" "\n\t" >> x &&
-	git -c color.diff=always diff | test_decode_color >current &&
+	echo "{NTN}" | tr "NT" "\n\t" >>x &&
+	git diff --color | test_decode_color >current &&
+
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/x b/x<RESET>
+	<BOLD>index 9daeafb..2874b91 100644<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/x<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/x<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1 +1,4 @@<RESET>
+	 test<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>{<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><BLUE>	<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>}<RESET>
+	EOF
+
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff that introduces and removes ws breakages' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	{
+		echo "0. blank-at-eol " &&
+		echo "1. blank-at-eol "
+	} >x &&
+	git commit -a --allow-empty -m preimage &&
+	{
+		echo "0. blank-at-eol " &&
+		echo "1. still-blank-at-eol " &&
+		echo "2. and a new line "
+	} >x &&
+
+	git diff --color |
+	test_decode_color >current &&
+
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/x b/x<RESET>
+	<BOLD>index d0233a2..700886e 100644<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/x<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/x<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@<RESET>
+	 0. blank-at-eol <RESET>
+	<RED>-1. blank-at-eol <RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>1. still-blank-at-eol<RESET><BLUE> <RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>2. and a new line<RESET><BLUE> <RESET>
+	EOF
+
 	test_cmp expected current
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'ws-error-highlight test setup' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	{
+		echo "0. blank-at-eol " &&
+		echo "1. blank-at-eol "
+	} >x &&
+	git commit -a --allow-empty -m preimage &&
+	{
+		echo "0. blank-at-eol " &&
+		echo "1. still-blank-at-eol " &&
+		echo "2. and a new line "
+	} >x &&
+
+	cat >expect.default-old <<-\EOF &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/x b/x<RESET>
+	<BOLD>index d0233a2..700886e 100644<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/x<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/x<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@<RESET>
+	 0. blank-at-eol <RESET>
+	<RED>-<RESET><RED>1. blank-at-eol<RESET><BLUE> <RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>1. still-blank-at-eol<RESET><BLUE> <RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>2. and a new line<RESET><BLUE> <RESET>
+	EOF
+
+	cat >expect.all <<-\EOF &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/x b/x<RESET>
+	<BOLD>index d0233a2..700886e 100644<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/x<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/x<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@<RESET>
+	 <RESET>0. blank-at-eol<RESET><BLUE> <RESET>
+	<RED>-<RESET><RED>1. blank-at-eol<RESET><BLUE> <RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>1. still-blank-at-eol<RESET><BLUE> <RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>2. and a new line<RESET><BLUE> <RESET>
+	EOF
+
+	cat >expect.none <<-\EOF
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/x b/x<RESET>
+	<BOLD>index d0233a2..700886e 100644<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/x<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/x<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@<RESET>
+	 0. blank-at-eol <RESET>
+	<RED>-1. blank-at-eol <RESET>
+	<GREEN>+1. still-blank-at-eol <RESET>
+	<GREEN>+2. and a new line <RESET>
+	EOF
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --ws-error-highlight option' '
+
+	git diff --color --ws-error-highlight=default,old |
+	test_decode_color >current &&
+	test_cmp expect.default-old current &&
+
+	git diff --color --ws-error-highlight=all |
+	test_decode_color >current &&
+	test_cmp expect.all current &&
+
+	git diff --color --ws-error-highlight=none |
+	test_decode_color >current &&
+	test_cmp expect.none current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test diff.wsErrorHighlight config' '
+
+	git -c diff.wsErrorHighlight=default,old diff --color |
+	test_decode_color >current &&
+	test_cmp expect.default-old current &&
+
+	git -c diff.wsErrorHighlight=all diff --color |
+	test_decode_color >current &&
+	test_cmp expect.all current &&
+
+	git -c diff.wsErrorHighlight=none diff --color |
+	test_decode_color >current &&
+	test_cmp expect.none current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'option overrides diff.wsErrorHighlight' '
+
+	git -c diff.wsErrorHighlight=none \
+		diff --color --ws-error-highlight=default,old |
+	test_decode_color >current &&
+	test_cmp expect.default-old current &&
+
+	git -c diff.wsErrorHighlight=default \
+		diff --color --ws-error-highlight=all |
+	test_decode_color >current &&
+	test_cmp expect.all current &&
+
+	git -c diff.wsErrorHighlight=all \
+		diff --color --ws-error-highlight=none |
+	test_decode_color >current &&
+	test_cmp expect.none current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect moved code, complete file' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >test.c &&
+	#include<stdio.h>
+	main()
+	{
+	printf("Hello World");
+	}
+	EOF
+	git add test.c &&
+	git commit -m "add main function" &&
+	git mv test.c main.c &&
+	test_config color.diff.oldMoved "normal red" &&
+	test_config color.diff.newMoved "normal green" &&
+	git diff HEAD --color-moved=zebra --color --no-renames | test_decode_color >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/main.c b/main.c<RESET>
+	<BOLD>new file mode 100644<RESET>
+	<BOLD>index 0000000..a986c57<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- /dev/null<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/main.c<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@<RESET>
+	<BGREEN>+<RESET><BGREEN>#include<stdio.h><RESET>
+	<BGREEN>+<RESET><BGREEN>main()<RESET>
+	<BGREEN>+<RESET><BGREEN>{<RESET>
+	<BGREEN>+<RESET><BGREEN>printf("Hello World");<RESET>
+	<BGREEN>+<RESET><BGREEN>}<RESET>
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/test.c b/test.c<RESET>
+	<BOLD>deleted file mode 100644<RESET>
+	<BOLD>index a986c57..0000000<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/test.c<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ /dev/null<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@<RESET>
+	<BRED>-#include<stdio.h><RESET>
+	<BRED>-main()<RESET>
+	<BRED>-{<RESET>
+	<BRED>-printf("Hello World");<RESET>
+	<BRED>-}<RESET>
+	EOF
+
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect malicious moved code, inside file' '
+	test_config color.diff.oldMoved "normal red" &&
+	test_config color.diff.newMoved "normal green" &&
+	test_config color.diff.oldMovedAlternative "blue" &&
+	test_config color.diff.newMovedAlternative "yellow" &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >main.c &&
+		#include<stdio.h>
+		int stuff()
+		{
+			printf("Hello ");
+			printf("World\n");
+		}
+
+		int secure_foo(struct user *u)
+		{
+			if (!u->is_allowed_foo)
+				return;
+			foo(u);
+		}
+
+		int main()
+		{
+			foo();
+		}
+	EOF
+	cat <<-\EOF >test.c &&
+		#include<stdio.h>
+		int bar()
+		{
+			printf("Hello World, but different\n");
+		}
+
+		int another_function()
+		{
+			bar();
+		}
+	EOF
+	git add main.c test.c &&
+	git commit -m "add main and test file" &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >main.c &&
+		#include<stdio.h>
+		int stuff()
+		{
+			printf("Hello ");
+			printf("World\n");
+		}
+
+		int main()
+		{
+			foo();
+		}
+	EOF
+	cat <<-\EOF >test.c &&
+		#include<stdio.h>
+		int bar()
+		{
+			printf("Hello World, but different\n");
+		}
+
+		int secure_foo(struct user *u)
+		{
+			foo(u);
+			if (!u->is_allowed_foo)
+				return;
+		}
+
+		int another_function()
+		{
+			bar();
+		}
+	EOF
+	git diff HEAD --no-renames --color-moved=zebra --color | test_decode_color >actual &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/main.c b/main.c<RESET>
+	<BOLD>index 27a619c..7cf9336 100644<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/main.c<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/main.c<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -5,13 +5,6 @@<RESET> <RESET>printf("Hello ");<RESET>
+	 printf("World\n");<RESET>
+	 }<RESET>
+	 <RESET>
+	<BRED>-int secure_foo(struct user *u)<RESET>
+	<BRED>-{<RESET>
+	<BLUE>-if (!u->is_allowed_foo)<RESET>
+	<BLUE>-return;<RESET>
+	<RED>-foo(u);<RESET>
+	<RED>-}<RESET>
+	<RED>-<RESET>
+	 int main()<RESET>
+	 {<RESET>
+	 foo();<RESET>
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/test.c b/test.c<RESET>
+	<BOLD>index 1dc1d85..2bedec9 100644<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/test.c<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/test.c<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -4,6 +4,13 @@<RESET> <RESET>int bar()<RESET>
+	 printf("Hello World, but different\n");<RESET>
+	 }<RESET>
+	 <RESET>
+	<BGREEN>+<RESET><BGREEN>int secure_foo(struct user *u)<RESET>
+	<BGREEN>+<RESET><BGREEN>{<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>foo(u);<RESET>
+	<BGREEN>+<RESET><BGREEN>if (!u->is_allowed_foo)<RESET>
+	<BGREEN>+<RESET><BGREEN>return;<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>}<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET>
+	 int another_function()<RESET>
+	 {<RESET>
+	 bar();<RESET>
+	EOF
+
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'plain moved code, inside file' '
+	test_config color.diff.oldMoved "normal red" &&
+	test_config color.diff.newMoved "normal green" &&
+	test_config color.diff.oldMovedAlternative "blue" &&
+	test_config color.diff.newMovedAlternative "yellow" &&
+	# needs previous test as setup
+	git diff HEAD --no-renames --color-moved=plain --color | test_decode_color >actual &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/main.c b/main.c<RESET>
+	<BOLD>index 27a619c..7cf9336 100644<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/main.c<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/main.c<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -5,13 +5,6 @@<RESET> <RESET>printf("Hello ");<RESET>
+	 printf("World\n");<RESET>
+	 }<RESET>
+	 <RESET>
+	<BRED>-int secure_foo(struct user *u)<RESET>
+	<BRED>-{<RESET>
+	<BRED>-if (!u->is_allowed_foo)<RESET>
+	<BRED>-return;<RESET>
+	<BRED>-foo(u);<RESET>
+	<BRED>-}<RESET>
+	<BRED>-<RESET>
+	 int main()<RESET>
+	 {<RESET>
+	 foo();<RESET>
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/test.c b/test.c<RESET>
+	<BOLD>index 1dc1d85..2bedec9 100644<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/test.c<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/test.c<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -4,6 +4,13 @@<RESET> <RESET>int bar()<RESET>
+	 printf("Hello World, but different\n");<RESET>
+	 }<RESET>
+	 <RESET>
+	<BGREEN>+<RESET><BGREEN>int secure_foo(struct user *u)<RESET>
+	<BGREEN>+<RESET><BGREEN>{<RESET>
+	<BGREEN>+<RESET><BGREEN>foo(u);<RESET>
+	<BGREEN>+<RESET><BGREEN>if (!u->is_allowed_foo)<RESET>
+	<BGREEN>+<RESET><BGREEN>return;<RESET>
+	<BGREEN>+<RESET><BGREEN>}<RESET>
+	<BGREEN>+<RESET>
+	 int another_function()<RESET>
+	 {<RESET>
+	 bar();<RESET>
+	EOF
+
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect blocks of moved code' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >lines.txt &&
+		long line 1
+		long line 2
+		long line 3
+		line 4
+		line 5
+		line 6
+		line 7
+		line 8
+		line 9
+		line 10
+		line 11
+		line 12
+		line 13
+		long line 14
+		long line 15
+		long line 16
+	EOF
+	git add lines.txt &&
+	git commit -m "add poetry" &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >lines.txt &&
+		line 4
+		line 5
+		line 6
+		line 7
+		line 8
+		line 9
+		long line 1
+		long line 2
+		long line 3
+		long line 14
+		long line 15
+		long line 16
+		line 10
+		line 11
+		line 12
+		line 13
+	EOF
+	test_config color.diff.oldMoved "magenta" &&
+	test_config color.diff.newMoved "cyan" &&
+	test_config color.diff.oldMovedAlternative "blue" &&
+	test_config color.diff.newMovedAlternative "yellow" &&
+	test_config color.diff.oldMovedDimmed "normal magenta" &&
+	test_config color.diff.newMovedDimmed "normal cyan" &&
+	test_config color.diff.oldMovedAlternativeDimmed "normal blue" &&
+	test_config color.diff.newMovedAlternativeDimmed "normal yellow" &&
+	git diff HEAD --no-renames --color-moved=blocks --color >actual.raw &&
+	grep -v "index" actual.raw | test_decode_color >actual &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/lines.txt b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 1<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 2<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 3<RESET>
+	 line 4<RESET>
+	 line 5<RESET>
+	 line 6<RESET>
+	 line 7<RESET>
+	 line 8<RESET>
+	 line 9<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET><CYAN>long line 1<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET><CYAN>long line 2<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET><CYAN>long line 3<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET><CYAN>long line 14<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET><CYAN>long line 15<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET><CYAN>long line 16<RESET>
+	 line 10<RESET>
+	 line 11<RESET>
+	 line 12<RESET>
+	 line 13<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 14<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 15<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 16<RESET>
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect permutations inside moved code -- dimmed-zebra' '
+	# reuse setup from test before!
+	test_config color.diff.oldMoved "magenta" &&
+	test_config color.diff.newMoved "cyan" &&
+	test_config color.diff.oldMovedAlternative "blue" &&
+	test_config color.diff.newMovedAlternative "yellow" &&
+	test_config color.diff.oldMovedDimmed "normal magenta" &&
+	test_config color.diff.newMovedDimmed "normal cyan" &&
+	test_config color.diff.oldMovedAlternativeDimmed "normal blue" &&
+	test_config color.diff.newMovedAlternativeDimmed "normal yellow" &&
+	git diff HEAD --no-renames --color-moved=dimmed-zebra --color >actual.raw &&
+	grep -v "index" actual.raw | test_decode_color >actual &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/lines.txt b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@<RESET>
+	<BMAGENTA>-long line 1<RESET>
+	<BMAGENTA>-long line 2<RESET>
+	<BMAGENTA>-long line 3<RESET>
+	 line 4<RESET>
+	 line 5<RESET>
+	 line 6<RESET>
+	 line 7<RESET>
+	 line 8<RESET>
+	 line 9<RESET>
+	<BCYAN>+<RESET><BCYAN>long line 1<RESET>
+	<BCYAN>+<RESET><BCYAN>long line 2<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET><CYAN>long line 3<RESET>
+	<YELLOW>+<RESET><YELLOW>long line 14<RESET>
+	<BYELLOW>+<RESET><BYELLOW>long line 15<RESET>
+	<BYELLOW>+<RESET><BYELLOW>long line 16<RESET>
+	 line 10<RESET>
+	 line 11<RESET>
+	 line 12<RESET>
+	 line 13<RESET>
+	<BMAGENTA>-long line 14<RESET>
+	<BMAGENTA>-long line 15<RESET>
+	<BMAGENTA>-long line 16<RESET>
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cmd option assumes configured colored-moved' '
+	test_config color.diff.oldMoved "magenta" &&
+	test_config color.diff.newMoved "cyan" &&
+	test_config color.diff.oldMovedAlternative "blue" &&
+	test_config color.diff.newMovedAlternative "yellow" &&
+	test_config color.diff.oldMovedDimmed "normal magenta" &&
+	test_config color.diff.newMovedDimmed "normal cyan" &&
+	test_config color.diff.oldMovedAlternativeDimmed "normal blue" &&
+	test_config color.diff.newMovedAlternativeDimmed "normal yellow" &&
+	test_config diff.colorMoved zebra &&
+	git diff HEAD --no-renames --color-moved --color >actual.raw &&
+	grep -v "index" actual.raw | test_decode_color >actual &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/lines.txt b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 1<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 2<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 3<RESET>
+	 line 4<RESET>
+	 line 5<RESET>
+	 line 6<RESET>
+	 line 7<RESET>
+	 line 8<RESET>
+	 line 9<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET><CYAN>long line 1<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET><CYAN>long line 2<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET><CYAN>long line 3<RESET>
+	<YELLOW>+<RESET><YELLOW>long line 14<RESET>
+	<YELLOW>+<RESET><YELLOW>long line 15<RESET>
+	<YELLOW>+<RESET><YELLOW>long line 16<RESET>
+	 line 10<RESET>
+	 line 11<RESET>
+	 line 12<RESET>
+	 line 13<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 14<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 15<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 16<RESET>
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no effect from --color-moved with --word-diff' '
+	cat <<-\EOF >text.txt &&
+	Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry.
+	EOF
+	git add text.txt &&
+	git commit -a -m "clean state" &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >text.txt &&
+	simply Lorem Ipsum dummy is text of the typesetting and printing industry.
+	EOF
+	git diff --color-moved --word-diff >actual &&
+	git diff --word-diff >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up whitespace tests' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	# Note that these lines have no leading or trailing whitespace.
+	cat <<-\EOF >lines.txt &&
+	line 1
+	line 2
+	line 3
+	line 4
+	line 5
+	long line 6
+	long line 7
+	long line 8
+	long line 9
+	EOF
+	git add lines.txt &&
+	git commit -m "add poetry" &&
+	git config color.diff.oldMoved "magenta" &&
+	git config color.diff.newMoved "cyan"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'move detection ignoring whitespace ' '
+	q_to_tab <<-\EOF >lines.txt &&
+	Qlong line 6
+	Qlong line 7
+	Qlong line 8
+	Qchanged long line 9
+	line 1
+	line 2
+	line 3
+	line 4
+	line 5
+	EOF
+	git diff HEAD --no-renames --color-moved --color >actual.raw &&
+	grep -v "index" actual.raw | test_decode_color >actual &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/lines.txt b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET>	<GREEN>long line 6<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET>	<GREEN>long line 7<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET>	<GREEN>long line 8<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET>	<GREEN>changed long line 9<RESET>
+	 line 1<RESET>
+	 line 2<RESET>
+	 line 3<RESET>
+	 line 4<RESET>
+	 line 5<RESET>
+	<RED>-long line 6<RESET>
+	<RED>-long line 7<RESET>
+	<RED>-long line 8<RESET>
+	<RED>-long line 9<RESET>
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	git diff HEAD --no-renames --color-moved --color \
+		--color-moved-ws=ignore-all-space >actual.raw &&
+	grep -v "index" actual.raw | test_decode_color >actual &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/lines.txt b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET>	<CYAN>long line 6<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET>	<CYAN>long line 7<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET>	<CYAN>long line 8<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET>	<GREEN>changed long line 9<RESET>
+	 line 1<RESET>
+	 line 2<RESET>
+	 line 3<RESET>
+	 line 4<RESET>
+	 line 5<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 6<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 7<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 8<RESET>
+	<RED>-long line 9<RESET>
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'move detection ignoring whitespace changes' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	# Lines 6-8 have a space change, but 9 is new whitespace
+	q_to_tab <<-\EOF >lines.txt &&
+	longQline 6
+	longQline 7
+	longQline 8
+	long liQne 9
+	line 1
+	line 2
+	line 3
+	line 4
+	line 5
+	EOF
+
+	git diff HEAD --no-renames --color-moved --color >actual.raw &&
+	grep -v "index" actual.raw | test_decode_color >actual &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/lines.txt b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>long	line 6<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>long	line 7<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>long	line 8<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>long li	ne 9<RESET>
+	 line 1<RESET>
+	 line 2<RESET>
+	 line 3<RESET>
+	 line 4<RESET>
+	 line 5<RESET>
+	<RED>-long line 6<RESET>
+	<RED>-long line 7<RESET>
+	<RED>-long line 8<RESET>
+	<RED>-long line 9<RESET>
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	git diff HEAD --no-renames --color-moved --color \
+		--color-moved-ws=ignore-space-change >actual.raw &&
+	grep -v "index" actual.raw | test_decode_color >actual &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/lines.txt b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET><CYAN>long	line 6<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET><CYAN>long	line 7<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET><CYAN>long	line 8<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>long li	ne 9<RESET>
+	 line 1<RESET>
+	 line 2<RESET>
+	 line 3<RESET>
+	 line 4<RESET>
+	 line 5<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 6<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 7<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 8<RESET>
+	<RED>-long line 9<RESET>
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'move detection ignoring whitespace at eol' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	# Lines 6-9 have new eol whitespace, but 9 also has it in the middle
+	q_to_tab <<-\EOF >lines.txt &&
+	long line 6Q
+	long line 7Q
+	long line 8Q
+	longQline 9Q
+	line 1
+	line 2
+	line 3
+	line 4
+	line 5
+	EOF
+
+	# avoid cluttering the output with complaints about our eol whitespace
+	test_config core.whitespace -blank-at-eol &&
+
+	git diff HEAD --no-renames --color-moved --color >actual.raw &&
+	grep -v "index" actual.raw | test_decode_color >actual &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/lines.txt b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>long line 6	<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>long line 7	<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>long line 8	<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>long	line 9	<RESET>
+	 line 1<RESET>
+	 line 2<RESET>
+	 line 3<RESET>
+	 line 4<RESET>
+	 line 5<RESET>
+	<RED>-long line 6<RESET>
+	<RED>-long line 7<RESET>
+	<RED>-long line 8<RESET>
+	<RED>-long line 9<RESET>
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	git diff HEAD --no-renames --color-moved --color \
+		--color-moved-ws=ignore-space-at-eol >actual.raw &&
+	grep -v "index" actual.raw | test_decode_color >actual &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/lines.txt b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/lines.txt<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET><CYAN>long line 6	<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET><CYAN>long line 7	<RESET>
+	<CYAN>+<RESET><CYAN>long line 8	<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>long	line 9	<RESET>
+	 line 1<RESET>
+	 line 2<RESET>
+	 line 3<RESET>
+	 line 4<RESET>
+	 line 5<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 6<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 7<RESET>
+	<MAGENTA>-long line 8<RESET>
+	<RED>-long line 9<RESET>
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clean up whitespace-test colors' '
+	git config --unset color.diff.oldMoved &&
+	git config --unset color.diff.newMoved
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--color-moved block at end of diff output respects MIN_ALNUM_COUNT' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	>bar &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >foo &&
+	irrelevant_line
+	line1
+	EOF
+	git add foo bar &&
+	git commit -m x &&
+
+	cat <<-\EOF >bar &&
+	line1
+	EOF
+	cat <<-\EOF >foo &&
+	irrelevant_line
+	EOF
+
+	git diff HEAD --color-moved=zebra --color --no-renames >actual.raw &&
+	grep -v "index" actual.raw | test_decode_color >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/bar b/bar<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/bar<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/bar<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -0,0 +1 @@<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>line1<RESET>
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/foo b/foo<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/foo<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/foo<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,2 +1 @@<RESET>
+	 irrelevant_line<RESET>
+	<RED>-line1<RESET>
+	EOF
+
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--color-moved respects MIN_ALNUM_COUNT' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >foo &&
+	nineteen chars 456789
+	irrelevant_line
+	twenty chars 234567890
+	EOF
+	>bar &&
+	git add foo bar &&
+	git commit -m x &&
+
+	cat <<-\EOF >foo &&
+	irrelevant_line
+	EOF
+	cat <<-\EOF >bar &&
+	twenty chars 234567890
+	nineteen chars 456789
+	EOF
+
+	git diff HEAD --color-moved=zebra --color --no-renames >actual.raw &&
+	grep -v "index" actual.raw | test_decode_color >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/bar b/bar<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/bar<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/bar<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@<RESET>
+	<BOLD;CYAN>+<RESET><BOLD;CYAN>twenty chars 234567890<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>nineteen chars 456789<RESET>
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/foo b/foo<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/foo<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/foo<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,3 +1 @@<RESET>
+	<RED>-nineteen chars 456789<RESET>
+	 irrelevant_line<RESET>
+	<BOLD;MAGENTA>-twenty chars 234567890<RESET>
+	EOF
+
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--color-moved treats adjacent blocks as separate for MIN_ALNUM_COUNT' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >foo &&
+	7charsA
+	irrelevant_line
+	7charsB
+	7charsC
+	EOF
+	>bar &&
+	git add foo bar &&
+	git commit -m x &&
+
+	cat <<-\EOF >foo &&
+	irrelevant_line
+	EOF
+	cat <<-\EOF >bar &&
+	7charsB
+	7charsC
+	7charsA
+	EOF
+
+	git diff HEAD --color-moved=zebra --color --no-renames >actual.raw &&
+	grep -v "index" actual.raw | test_decode_color >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/bar b/bar<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/bar<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/bar<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>7charsB<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>7charsC<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>7charsA<RESET>
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/foo b/foo<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/foo<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/foo<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,4 +1 @@<RESET>
+	<RED>-7charsA<RESET>
+	 irrelevant_line<RESET>
+	<RED>-7charsB<RESET>
+	<RED>-7charsC<RESET>
+	EOF
+
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'move detection with submodules' '
+	test_create_repo bananas &&
+	echo ripe >bananas/recipe &&
+	git -C bananas add recipe &&
+	test_commit fruit &&
+	test_commit -C bananas recipe &&
+	git submodule add ./bananas &&
+	git add bananas &&
+	git commit -a -m "bananas are like a heavy library?" &&
+	echo foul >bananas/recipe &&
+	echo ripe >fruit.t &&
+
+	git diff --submodule=diff --color-moved --color >actual &&
+
+	# no move detection as the moved line is across repository boundaries.
+	test_decode_color <actual >decoded_actual &&
+	! grep BGREEN decoded_actual &&
+	! grep BRED decoded_actual &&
+
+	# nor did we mess with it another way
+	git diff --submodule=diff --color | test_decode_color >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect decoded_actual &&
+	rm -rf bananas &&
+	git submodule deinit bananas
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'only move detection ignores white spaces' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	q_to_tab <<-\EOF >text.txt &&
+		a long line to exceed per-line minimum
+		another long line to exceed per-line minimum
+		original file
+	EOF
+	git add text.txt &&
+	git commit -m "add text" &&
+	q_to_tab <<-\EOF >text.txt &&
+		Qa long line to exceed per-line minimum
+		Qanother long line to exceed per-line minimum
+		new file
+	EOF
+
+	# Make sure we get a different diff using -w
+	git diff --color --color-moved -w >actual.raw &&
+	grep -v "index" actual.raw | test_decode_color >actual &&
+	q_to_tab <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/text.txt b/text.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/text.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/text.txt<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@<RESET>
+	 Qa long line to exceed per-line minimum<RESET>
+	 Qanother long line to exceed per-line minimum<RESET>
+	<RED>-original file<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>new file<RESET>
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	# And now ignoring white space only in the move detection
+	git diff --color --color-moved \
+		--color-moved-ws=ignore-all-space,ignore-space-change,ignore-space-at-eol >actual.raw &&
+	grep -v "index" actual.raw | test_decode_color >actual &&
+	q_to_tab <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	<BOLD>diff --git a/text.txt b/text.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>--- a/text.txt<RESET>
+	<BOLD>+++ b/text.txt<RESET>
+	<CYAN>@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@<RESET>
+	<BOLD;MAGENTA>-a long line to exceed per-line minimum<RESET>
+	<BOLD;MAGENTA>-another long line to exceed per-line minimum<RESET>
+	<RED>-original file<RESET>
+	<BOLD;YELLOW>+<RESET>Q<BOLD;YELLOW>a long line to exceed per-line minimum<RESET>
+	<BOLD;YELLOW>+<RESET>Q<BOLD;YELLOW>another long line to exceed per-line minimum<RESET>
+	<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>new file<RESET>
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'compare whitespace delta across moved blocks' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	q_to_tab <<-\EOF >text.txt &&
+	QIndented
+	QText across
+	Qsome lines
+	QBut! <- this stands out
+	QAdjusting with
+	QQdifferent starting
+	Qwhite spaces
+	QAnother outlier
+	QQQIndented
+	QQQText across
+	QQQfive lines
+	QQQthat has similar lines
+	QQQto previous blocks, but with different indent
+	QQQYetQAnotherQoutlierQ
+	EOF
+
+	git add text.txt &&
+	git commit -m "add text.txt" &&
+
+	q_to_tab <<-\EOF >text.txt &&
+	QQIndented
+	QQText across
+	QQsome lines
+	QQQBut! <- this stands out
+	Adjusting with
+	Qdifferent starting
+	white spaces
+	AnotherQoutlier
+	QQIndented
+	QQText across
+	QQfive lines
+	QQthat has similar lines
+	QQto previous blocks, but with different indent
+	QQYetQAnotherQoutlier
+	EOF
+
+	git diff --color --color-moved --color-moved-ws=allow-indentation-change >actual.raw &&
+	grep -v "index" actual.raw | test_decode_color >actual &&
+
+	q_to_tab <<-\EOF >expected &&
+		<BOLD>diff --git a/text.txt b/text.txt<RESET>
+		<BOLD>--- a/text.txt<RESET>
+		<BOLD>+++ b/text.txt<RESET>
+		<CYAN>@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@<RESET>
+		<BOLD;MAGENTA>-QIndented<RESET>
+		<BOLD;MAGENTA>-QText across<RESET>
+		<BOLD;MAGENTA>-Qsome lines<RESET>
+		<RED>-QBut! <- this stands out<RESET>
+		<BOLD;MAGENTA>-QAdjusting with<RESET>
+		<BOLD;MAGENTA>-QQdifferent starting<RESET>
+		<BOLD;MAGENTA>-Qwhite spaces<RESET>
+		<RED>-QAnother outlier<RESET>
+		<BOLD;MAGENTA>-QQQIndented<RESET>
+		<BOLD;MAGENTA>-QQQText across<RESET>
+		<BOLD;MAGENTA>-QQQfive lines<RESET>
+		<BOLD;MAGENTA>-QQQthat has similar lines<RESET>
+		<BOLD;MAGENTA>-QQQto previous blocks, but with different indent<RESET>
+		<RED>-QQQYetQAnotherQoutlierQ<RESET>
+		<BOLD;CYAN>+<RESET>QQ<BOLD;CYAN>Indented<RESET>
+		<BOLD;CYAN>+<RESET>QQ<BOLD;CYAN>Text across<RESET>
+		<BOLD;CYAN>+<RESET>QQ<BOLD;CYAN>some lines<RESET>
+		<GREEN>+<RESET>QQQ<GREEN>But! <- this stands out<RESET>
+		<BOLD;CYAN>+<RESET><BOLD;CYAN>Adjusting with<RESET>
+		<BOLD;CYAN>+<RESET>Q<BOLD;CYAN>different starting<RESET>
+		<BOLD;CYAN>+<RESET><BOLD;CYAN>white spaces<RESET>
+		<GREEN>+<RESET><GREEN>AnotherQoutlier<RESET>
+		<BOLD;CYAN>+<RESET>QQ<BOLD;CYAN>Indented<RESET>
+		<BOLD;CYAN>+<RESET>QQ<BOLD;CYAN>Text across<RESET>
+		<BOLD;CYAN>+<RESET>QQ<BOLD;CYAN>five lines<RESET>
+		<BOLD;CYAN>+<RESET>QQ<BOLD;CYAN>that has similar lines<RESET>
+		<BOLD;CYAN>+<RESET>QQ<BOLD;CYAN>to previous blocks, but with different indent<RESET>
+		<GREEN>+<RESET>QQ<GREEN>YetQAnotherQoutlier<RESET>
+	EOF
+
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'compare whitespace delta incompatible with other space options' '
+	test_must_fail git diff \
+		--color-moved-ws=allow-indentation-change,ignore-all-space \
+		2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep allow-indentation-change err
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4016-diff-quote.sh b/t/t4016-diff-quote.sh
index cd543ecc54..9c48e5c2c9 100755
--- a/t/t4016-diff-quote.sh
+++ b/t/t4016-diff-quote.sh
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ P1='pathname	with HT'
 P2='pathname with SP'
 P3='pathname
 with LF'
+test_have_prereq !MINGW &&
 echo 2>/dev/null >"$P1" && test -f "$P1" && rm -f "$P1" || {
 	skip_all='Your filesystem does not allow tabs in filenames'
 	test_done
diff --git a/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh b/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh
index 1dbaa3864a..22f9f88f0a 100755
--- a/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh
+++ b/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh
@@ -30,7 +30,10 @@ diffpatterns="
 	bibtex
 	cpp
 	csharp
+	css
 	fortran
+	fountain
+	golang
 	html
 	java
 	matlab
diff --git a/t/t4018/css-brace-in-col-1 b/t/t4018/css-brace-in-col-1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7831577506
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/css-brace-in-col-1
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+RIGHT label.control-label
+{
+    margin-top: 10px!important;
+    border : 10px ChangeMe #C6C6C6;
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/css-colon-eol b/t/t4018/css-colon-eol
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5a30553d29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/css-colon-eol
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+RIGHT h1 {
+color:
+ChangeMe;
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/css-colon-selector b/t/t4018/css-colon-selector
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c6d71fb42d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/css-colon-selector
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+RIGHT a:hover {
+    margin-top:
+    10px!important;
+    border : 10px ChangeMe #C6C6C6;
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/css-common b/t/t4018/css-common
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..84ed754b33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/css-common
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+RIGHT label.control-label {
+    margin-top: 10px!important;
+    border : 10px ChangeMe #C6C6C6;
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/css-long-selector-list b/t/t4018/css-long-selector-list
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7ccd25d9ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/css-long-selector-list
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+p.header,
+label.control-label,
+div ul#RIGHT {
+    margin-top: 10px!important;
+    border : 10px ChangeMe #C6C6C6;
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/css-prop-sans-indent b/t/t4018/css-prop-sans-indent
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a9e3c86b3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/css-prop-sans-indent
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+RIGHT, label.control-label {
+margin-top: 10px!important;
+padding: 0;
+border : 10px ChangeMe #C6C6C6;
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/css-short-selector-list b/t/t4018/css-short-selector-list
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6a0bdee336
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/css-short-selector-list
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+label.control, div ul#RIGHT {
+    margin-top: 10px!important;
+    border : 10px ChangeMe #C6C6C6;
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/css-trailing-space b/t/t4018/css-trailing-space
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..32b5606c70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/css-trailing-space
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+RIGHT label.control-label {
+    margin:10px;   
+    padding:10px;
+    border : 10px ChangeMe #C6C6C6;
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/fountain-scene b/t/t4018/fountain-scene
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6b3257d680
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/fountain-scene
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+EXT. STREET RIGHT OUTSIDE - DAY
+
+CHARACTER
+You didn't say the magic phrase, "ChangeMe".
diff --git a/t/t4018/golang-complex-function b/t/t4018/golang-complex-function
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e057dcefed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/golang-complex-function
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+type Test struct {
+	a Type
+}
+
+func (t *Test) RIGHT(a Type) (Type, error) {
+	t.a = a
+	return ChangeMe, nil
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/golang-func b/t/t4018/golang-func
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8e9c9ac7c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/golang-func
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+func RIGHT() {
+	a := 5
+	b := ChangeMe
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/golang-interface b/t/t4018/golang-interface
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..553bedec96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/golang-interface
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+type RIGHT interface {
+	a() Type
+	b() ChangeMe
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/golang-long-func b/t/t4018/golang-long-func
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ac3a77b5c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/golang-long-func
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+func RIGHT(aVeryVeryVeryLongVariableName AVeryVeryVeryLongType,
+	anotherLongVariableName AnotherLongType) {
+	a := 5
+	b := ChangeMe
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/golang-struct b/t/t4018/golang-struct
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5deda77fee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/golang-struct
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+type RIGHT struct {
+	a Type
+	b ChangeMe
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/php-abstract-class b/t/t4018/php-abstract-class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5213e12494
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/php-abstract-class
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+abstract class RIGHT
+{
+    const FOO = 'ChangeMe';
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/php-class b/t/t4018/php-class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7785b6303c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/php-class
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+class RIGHT
+{
+    const FOO = 'ChangeMe';
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/php-final-class b/t/t4018/php-final-class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..69f5710552
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/php-final-class
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+final class RIGHT
+{
+    const FOO = 'ChangeMe';
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/php-function b/t/t4018/php-function
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..35717c51c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/php-function
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+function RIGHT()
+{
+    return 'ChangeMe';
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/php-interface b/t/t4018/php-interface
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..86b49ad5d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/php-interface
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+interface RIGHT
+{
+    public function foo($ChangeMe);
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/php-method b/t/t4018/php-method
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..03af1a6d9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/php-method
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+class Klass
+{
+    public static function RIGHT()
+    {
+        return 'ChangeMe';
+    }
+}
diff --git a/t/t4018/php-trait b/t/t4018/php-trait
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..65b8c82a61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4018/php-trait
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+trait RIGHT
+{
+    public function foo($ChangeMe)
+    {
+        return 'foo';
+    }
+}
diff --git a/t/t4019-diff-wserror.sh b/t/t4019-diff-wserror.sh
index a5019759bc..c6135c7548 100755
--- a/t/t4019-diff-wserror.sh
+++ b/t/t4019-diff-wserror.sh
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ test_expect_success 'trailing empty lines (2)' '
 
 	echo "F -whitespace" >.gitattributes &&
 	git diff --check >output &&
-	! test -s output
+	test_must_be_empty output
 
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t4020-diff-external.sh b/t/t4020-diff-external.sh
index 044620186d..e009826fcb 100755
--- a/t/t4020-diff-external.sh
+++ b/t/t4020-diff-external.sh
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 	test_tick &&
 	echo second >file &&
+	before=$(git hash-object file) &&
+	before=$(git rev-parse --short $before) &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -m second &&
 
@@ -26,7 +28,7 @@ test_expect_success 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF environment' '
 		read path oldfile oldhex oldmode newfile newhex newmode &&
 		test "z$path" = zfile &&
 		test "z$oldmode" = z100644 &&
-		test "z$newhex" = "z$_z40" &&
+		test "z$newhex" = "z$ZERO_OID" &&
 		test "z$newmode" = z100644 &&
 		oh=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:file) &&
 		test "z$oh" = "z$oldhex"
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'typechange diff' '
 		read path oldfile oldhex oldmode newfile newhex newmode &&
 		test "z$path" = zfile &&
 		test "z$oldmode" = z100644 &&
-		test "z$newhex" = "z$_z40" &&
+		test "z$newhex" = "z$ZERO_OID" &&
 		test "z$newmode" = z120000 &&
 		oh=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:file) &&
 		test "z$oh" = "z$oldhex"
@@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ test_expect_success 'diff.external' '
 		read path oldfile oldhex oldmode newfile newhex newmode &&
 		test "z$path" = zfile &&
 		test "z$oldmode" = z100644 &&
-		test "z$newhex" = "z$_z40" &&
+		test "z$newhex" = "z$ZERO_OID" &&
 		test "z$newmode" = z100644 &&
 		oh=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:file) &&
 		test "z$oh" = "z$oldhex"
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ test_expect_success 'diff attribute' '
 		read path oldfile oldhex oldmode newfile newhex newmode &&
 		test "z$path" = zfile &&
 		test "z$oldmode" = z100644 &&
-		test "z$newhex" = "z$_z40" &&
+		test "z$newhex" = "z$ZERO_OID" &&
 		test "z$newmode" = z100644 &&
 		oh=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:file) &&
 		test "z$oh" = "z$oldhex"
@@ -137,7 +139,7 @@ test_expect_success 'diff attribute' '
 		read path oldfile oldhex oldmode newfile newhex newmode &&
 		test "z$path" = zfile &&
 		test "z$oldmode" = z100644 &&
-		test "z$newhex" = "z$_z40" &&
+		test "z$newhex" = "z$ZERO_OID" &&
 		test "z$newmode" = z100644 &&
 		oh=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:file) &&
 		test "z$oh" = "z$oldhex"
@@ -180,9 +182,13 @@ test_expect_success 'no diff with -diff' '
 echo NULZbetweenZwords | perl -pe 'y/Z/\000/' > file
 
 test_expect_success 'force diff with "diff"' '
+	after=$(git hash-object file) &&
+	after=$(git rev-parse --short $after) &&
 	echo >.gitattributes "file diff" &&
 	git diff >actual &&
-	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t4020/diff.NUL actual
+	sed -e "s/^index .*/index $before..$after 100644/" \
+		"$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t4020/diff.NUL >expected-diff &&
+	test_cmp expected-diff actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF with more than one changed files' '
@@ -237,7 +243,7 @@ test_expect_success 'diff --cached' '
 	git update-index --assume-unchanged file &&
 	echo second >file &&
 	git diff --cached >actual &&
-	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t4020/diff.NUL actual
+	test_cmp expected-diff actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clean up crlf leftovers' '
diff --git a/t/t4021-format-patch-numbered.sh b/t/t4021-format-patch-numbered.sh
index 886494b58f..9be65fd444 100755
--- a/t/t4021-format-patch-numbered.sh
+++ b/t/t4021-format-patch-numbered.sh
@@ -36,6 +36,11 @@ test_no_numbered() {
 	test_num_no_numbered $1 2
 }
 
+test_single_cover_letter_numbered() {
+	grep "^Subject: \[PATCH 0/1\]" $1 &&
+	grep "^Subject: \[PATCH 1/1\]" $1
+}
+
 test_single_numbered() {
 	grep "^Subject: \[PATCH 1/1\]" $1
 }
@@ -121,4 +126,16 @@ test_expect_success '--start-number && --numbered' '
 	grep "^Subject: \[PATCH 3/3\]" patch8
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'single patch with cover-letter defaults to numbers' '
+	git format-patch --cover-letter --stdout HEAD~1 >patch9.single &&
+	test_single_cover_letter_numbered patch9.single
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Use --no-numbered and --cover-letter single patch' '
+	git format-patch --no-numbered --stdout --cover-letter HEAD~1 >patch10 &&
+	test_no_numbered patch10
+'
+
+
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4022-diff-rewrite.sh b/t/t4022-diff-rewrite.sh
index cb51d9f9d4..6d1c3d949c 100755
--- a/t/t4022-diff-rewrite.sh
+++ b/t/t4022-diff-rewrite.sh
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	  "nopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJKLM" \
 	  <"$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING >test &&
 	echo "to be deleted" >test2 &&
+	blob=$(git hash-object test2) &&
+	blob=$(git rev-parse --short $blob) &&
 	git add test2
 
 '
@@ -27,7 +29,7 @@ test_expect_success 'detect rewrite' '
 cat >expect <<EOF
 diff --git a/test2 b/test2
 deleted file mode 100644
-index 4202011..0000000
+index $blob..0000000
 --- a/test2
 +++ /dev/null
 @@ -1 +0,0 @@
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ test_expect_success 'show deletion diff without -D' '
 cat >expect <<EOF
 diff --git a/test2 b/test2
 deleted file mode 100644
-index 4202011..0000000
+index $blob..0000000
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'suppress deletion diff with -D' '
 
diff --git a/t/t4024-diff-optimize-common.sh b/t/t4024-diff-optimize-common.sh
index c4d733f5db..6b44ce1493 100755
--- a/t/t4024-diff-optimize-common.sh
+++ b/t/t4024-diff-optimize-common.sh
@@ -127,19 +127,19 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 	for n in $sample
 	do
-		( zs $n ; echo a ) >file-a$n &&
-		( echo b; zs $n; echo ) >file-b$n &&
-		( printf c; zs $n ) >file-c$n &&
-		( echo d; zs $n ) >file-d$n &&
+		( zs $n && echo a ) >file-a$n &&
+		( echo b && zs $n && echo ) >file-b$n &&
+		( printf c && zs $n ) >file-c$n &&
+		( echo d && zs $n ) >file-d$n &&
 
 		git add file-a$n file-b$n file-c$n file-d$n &&
 
-		( zs $n ; echo A ) >file-a$n &&
-		( echo B; zs $n; echo ) >file-b$n &&
-		( printf C; zs $n ) >file-c$n &&
-		( echo D; zs $n ) >file-d$n &&
+		( zs $n && echo A ) >file-a$n &&
+		( echo B && zs $n && echo ) >file-b$n &&
+		( printf C && zs $n ) >file-c$n &&
+		( echo D && zs $n ) >file-d$n &&
 
-		expect_pattern $n || break
+		expect_pattern $n || return 1
 
 	done >expect
 '
diff --git a/t/t4025-hunk-header.sh b/t/t4025-hunk-header.sh
index 7a3dbc1ea2..fa44e78869 100755
--- a/t/t4025-hunk-header.sh
+++ b/t/t4025-hunk-header.sh
@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ NS="$N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N"
 test_expect_success setup '
 
 	(
-		echo "A $NS"
+		echo "A $NS" &&
 		for c in B C D E F G H I J K
 		do
 			echo "  $c"
-		done
-		echo "L  $NS"
+		done &&
+		echo "L  $NS" &&
 		for c in M N O P Q R S T U V
 		do
 			echo "  $c"
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ test_expect_success 'hunk header truncation with an overly long line' '
 
 	git diff | sed -n -e "s/^.*@@//p" >actual &&
 	(
-		echo " A $N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N2"
+		echo " A $N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N2" &&
 		echo " L  $N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N$N1"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp actual expected
diff --git a/t/t4026-color.sh b/t/t4026-color.sh
index 2b32c4fbe6..671e951ee5 100755
--- a/t/t4026-color.sh
+++ b/t/t4026-color.sh
@@ -6,10 +6,11 @@
 test_description='Test diff/status color escape codes'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+ESC=$(printf '\033')
 color()
 {
 	actual=$(git config --get-color no.such.slot "$1") &&
-	test "$actual" = "$2"
+	test "$actual" = "${2:+$ESC}$2"
 }
 
 invalid_color()
@@ -21,6 +22,10 @@ test_expect_success 'reset' '
 	color "reset" "[m"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'empty color is empty' '
+	color "" ""
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'attribute before color name' '
 	color "bold red" "[1;31m"
 '
@@ -50,14 +55,19 @@ test_expect_success 'attr negation' '
 	color "nobold nodim noul noblink noreverse" "[22;24;25;27m"
 '
 
+test_expect_success '"no-" variant of negation' '
+	color "no-bold no-blink" "[22;25m"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'long color specification' '
 	color "254 255 bold dim ul blink reverse" "[1;2;4;5;7;38;5;254;48;5;255m"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'absurdly long color specification' '
 	color \
-	  "#ffffff #ffffff bold nobold dim nodim ul noul blink noblink reverse noreverse" \
-	  "[1;2;4;5;7;22;24;25;27;38;2;255;255;255;48;2;255;255;255m"
+	  "#ffffff #ffffff bold nobold dim nodim italic noitalic
+	   ul noul blink noblink reverse noreverse strike nostrike" \
+	  "[1;2;3;4;5;7;9;22;23;24;25;27;29;38;2;255;255;255;48;2;255;255;255m"
 '
 
 test_expect_success '0-7 are aliases for basic ANSI color names' '
diff --git a/t/t4027-diff-submodule.sh b/t/t4027-diff-submodule.sh
index 518bf9524e..9aa8e2b39b 100755
--- a/t/t4027-diff-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t4027-diff-submodule.sh
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 		cd sub &&
 		git rev-list HEAD
 	) &&
-	echo ":160000 160000 $3 $_z40 M	sub" >expect &&
+	echo ":160000 160000 $3 $ZERO_OID M	sub" >expect &&
 	subtip=$3 subprev=$2
 '
 
@@ -104,48 +104,19 @@ test_expect_success 'git diff HEAD with dirty submodule (work tree, refs match)'
 	expect_from_to >expect.body $subprev $subprev-dirty &&
 	test_cmp expect.body actual.body &&
 	git diff --ignore-submodules HEAD >actual2 &&
-	! test -s actual2 &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual2 &&
 	git diff --ignore-submodules=untracked HEAD >actual3 &&
 	sed -e "1,/^@@/d" actual3 >actual3.body &&
 	expect_from_to >expect.body $subprev $subprev-dirty &&
 	test_cmp expect.body actual3.body &&
 	git diff --ignore-submodules=dirty HEAD >actual4 &&
-	! test -s actual4
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git diff HEAD with dirty submodule (work tree, refs match) [.git/config]' '
-	git config diff.ignoreSubmodules all &&
-	git diff HEAD >actual &&
-	! test -s actual &&
-	git config submodule.subname.ignore none &&
-	git config submodule.subname.path sub &&
-	git diff HEAD >actual &&
-	sed -e "1,/^@@/d" actual >actual.body &&
-	expect_from_to >expect.body $subprev $subprev-dirty &&
-	test_cmp expect.body actual.body &&
-	git config submodule.subname.ignore all &&
-	git diff HEAD >actual2 &&
-	! test -s actual2 &&
-	git config submodule.subname.ignore untracked &&
-	git diff HEAD >actual3 &&
-	sed -e "1,/^@@/d" actual3 >actual3.body &&
-	expect_from_to >expect.body $subprev $subprev-dirty &&
-	test_cmp expect.body actual3.body &&
-	git config submodule.subname.ignore dirty &&
-	git diff HEAD >actual4 &&
-	! test -s actual4 &&
-	git diff HEAD --ignore-submodules=none >actual &&
-	sed -e "1,/^@@/d" actual >actual.body &&
-	expect_from_to >expect.body $subprev $subprev-dirty &&
-	test_cmp expect.body actual.body &&
-	git config --remove-section submodule.subname &&
-	git config --unset diff.ignoreSubmodules
+	test_must_be_empty actual4
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git diff HEAD with dirty submodule (work tree, refs match) [.gitmodules]' '
 	git config diff.ignoreSubmodules dirty &&
 	git diff HEAD >actual &&
-	! test -s actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.ignore none &&
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sub &&
 	git diff HEAD >actual &&
@@ -155,7 +126,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git diff HEAD with dirty submodule (work tree, refs match)
 	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.ignore all &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sub &&
 	git diff HEAD >actual2 &&
-	! test -s actual2 &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual2 &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.ignore untracked &&
 	git diff HEAD >actual3 &&
 	sed -e "1,/^@@/d" actual3 >actual3.body &&
@@ -163,7 +134,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git diff HEAD with dirty submodule (work tree, refs match)
 	test_cmp expect.body actual3.body &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.ignore dirty &&
 	git diff HEAD >actual4 &&
-	! test -s actual4 &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual4 &&
 	git config submodule.subname.ignore none &&
 	git config submodule.subname.path sub &&
 	git diff HEAD >actual &&
@@ -201,42 +172,24 @@ test_expect_success 'git diff HEAD with dirty submodule (untracked, refs match)'
 	expect_from_to >expect.body $subprev $subprev-dirty &&
 	test_cmp expect.body actual.body &&
 	git diff --ignore-submodules=all HEAD >actual2 &&
-	! test -s actual2 &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual2 &&
 	git diff --ignore-submodules=untracked HEAD >actual3 &&
-	! test -s actual3 &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual3 &&
 	git diff --ignore-submodules=dirty HEAD >actual4 &&
-	! test -s actual4
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git diff HEAD with dirty submodule (untracked, refs match) [.git/config]' '
-	git config submodule.subname.ignore all &&
-	git config submodule.subname.path sub &&
-	git diff HEAD >actual2 &&
-	! test -s actual2 &&
-	git config submodule.subname.ignore untracked &&
-	git diff HEAD >actual3 &&
-	! test -s actual3 &&
-	git config submodule.subname.ignore dirty &&
-	git diff HEAD >actual4 &&
-	! test -s actual4 &&
-	git diff --ignore-submodules=none HEAD >actual &&
-	sed -e "1,/^@@/d" actual >actual.body &&
-	expect_from_to >expect.body $subprev $subprev-dirty &&
-	test_cmp expect.body actual.body &&
-	git config --remove-section submodule.subname
+	test_must_be_empty actual4
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git diff HEAD with dirty submodule (untracked, refs match) [.gitmodules]' '
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.ignore all &&
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sub &&
 	git diff HEAD >actual2 &&
-	! test -s actual2 &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual2 &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.ignore untracked &&
 	git diff HEAD >actual3 &&
-	! test -s actual3 &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual3 &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.ignore dirty &&
 	git diff HEAD >actual4 &&
-	! test -s actual4 &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual4 &&
 	git config submodule.subname.ignore none &&
 	git config submodule.subname.path sub &&
 	git diff HEAD >actual &&
@@ -258,27 +211,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git diff between submodule commits' '
 	expect_from_to >expect.body $subtip $subprev &&
 	test_cmp expect.body actual.body &&
 	git diff --ignore-submodules HEAD^..HEAD >actual &&
-	! test -s actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git diff between submodule commits [.git/config]' '
-	git diff HEAD^..HEAD >actual &&
-	sed -e "1,/^@@/d" actual >actual.body &&
-	expect_from_to >expect.body $subtip $subprev &&
-	test_cmp expect.body actual.body &&
-	git config submodule.subname.ignore dirty &&
-	git config submodule.subname.path sub &&
-	git diff HEAD^..HEAD >actual &&
-	sed -e "1,/^@@/d" actual >actual.body &&
-	expect_from_to >expect.body $subtip $subprev &&
-	test_cmp expect.body actual.body &&
-	git config submodule.subname.ignore all &&
-	git diff HEAD^..HEAD >actual &&
-	! test -s actual &&
-	git diff --ignore-submodules=dirty HEAD^..HEAD >actual &&
-	sed -e "1,/^@@/d" actual >actual.body &&
-	expect_from_to >expect.body $subtip $subprev &&
-	git config --remove-section submodule.subname
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git diff between submodule commits [.gitmodules]' '
@@ -294,7 +227,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git diff between submodule commits [.gitmodules]' '
 	test_cmp expect.body actual.body &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.ignore all &&
 	git diff HEAD^..HEAD >actual &&
-	! test -s actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 	git config submodule.subname.ignore dirty &&
 	git config submodule.subname.path sub &&
 	git diff  HEAD^..HEAD >actual &&
@@ -306,10 +239,9 @@ test_expect_success 'git diff between submodule commits [.gitmodules]' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git diff (empty submodule dir)' '
-	: >empty &&
 	rm -rf sub/* sub/.git &&
 	git diff > actual.empty &&
-	test_cmp empty actual.empty
+	test_must_be_empty actual.empty
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'conflicted submodule setup' '
@@ -317,7 +249,7 @@ test_expect_success 'conflicted submodule setup' '
 	# 39 efs
 	c=fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff &&
 	(
-		echo "000000 $_z40 0	sub" &&
+		echo "000000 $ZERO_OID 0	sub" &&
 		echo "160000 1$c 1	sub" &&
 		echo "160000 2$c 2	sub" &&
 		echo "160000 3$c 3	sub"
@@ -332,7 +264,7 @@ index 2ffffff,3ffffff..0000000
 ++Subproject commit 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000'\'' &&
 
 	hh=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
-	sed -e "s/$_z40/$hh/" expect.nosub >expect.withsub
+	sed -e "s/$ZERO_OID/$hh/" expect.nosub >expect.withsub
 
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t4029-diff-trailing-space.sh b/t/t4029-diff-trailing-space.sh
index 3ccc237a8d..32b6e9a4e7 100755
--- a/t/t4029-diff-trailing-space.sh
+++ b/t/t4029-diff-trailing-space.sh
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ test_description='diff honors config option, diff.suppressBlankEmpty'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-cat <<\EOF > exp ||
+cat <<\EOF >expected ||
 diff --git a/f b/f
 index 5f6a263..8cb8bae 100644
 --- a/f
@@ -18,22 +18,26 @@ index 5f6a263..8cb8bae 100644
 EOF
 exit 1
 
-test_expect_success \
-    "$test_description" \
-    'printf "\nx\n" > f &&
-     git add f &&
-     git commit -q -m. f &&
-     printf "\ny\n" > f &&
-     git config --bool diff.suppressBlankEmpty true &&
-     git diff f > actual &&
-     test_cmp exp actual &&
-     perl -i.bak -p -e "s/^\$/ /" exp &&
-     git config --bool diff.suppressBlankEmpty false &&
-     git diff f > actual &&
-     test_cmp exp actual &&
-     git config --bool --unset diff.suppressBlankEmpty &&
-     git diff f > actual &&
-     test_cmp exp actual
-     '
+test_expect_success "$test_description" '
+	printf "\nx\n" > f &&
+	before=$(git hash-object f) &&
+	before=$(git rev-parse --short $before) &&
+	git add f &&
+	git commit -q -m. f &&
+	printf "\ny\n" > f &&
+	after=$(git hash-object f) &&
+	after=$(git rev-parse --short $after) &&
+	sed -e "s/^index .*/index $before..$after 100644/" expected >exp &&
+	git config --bool diff.suppressBlankEmpty true &&
+	git diff f > actual &&
+	test_cmp exp actual &&
+	perl -i.bak -p -e "s/^\$/ /" exp &&
+	git config --bool diff.suppressBlankEmpty false &&
+	git diff f > actual &&
+	test_cmp exp actual &&
+	git config --bool --unset diff.suppressBlankEmpty &&
+	git diff f > actual &&
+	test_cmp exp actual
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh b/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh
index aad6c7f78d..4cb9f0e523 100755
--- a/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh
+++ b/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh
@@ -148,7 +148,8 @@ test_expect_success 'diffstat does not run textconv' '
 # restore working setup
 echo file diff=foo >.gitattributes
 
-cat >expect.typechange <<'EOF'
+symlink=$(git rev-parse --short $(printf frotz | git hash-object --stdin))
+cat >expect.typechange <<EOF
 --- a/file
 +++ /dev/null
 @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
@@ -156,7 +157,7 @@ cat >expect.typechange <<'EOF'
 -1
 diff --git a/file b/file
 new file mode 120000
-index 0000000..67be421
+index 0000000..$symlink
 --- /dev/null
 +++ b/file
 @@ -0,0 +1 @@
diff --git a/t/t4032-diff-inter-hunk-context.sh b/t/t4032-diff-inter-hunk-context.sh
index e4e3e28fc7..bada0cbd32 100755
--- a/t/t4032-diff-inter-hunk-context.sh
+++ b/t/t4032-diff-inter-hunk-context.sh
@@ -16,11 +16,15 @@ f() {
 }
 
 t() {
+	use_config=
+	git config --unset diff.interHunkContext
+
 	case $# in
 	4) hunks=$4; cmd="diff -U$3";;
 	5) hunks=$5; cmd="diff -U$3 --inter-hunk-context=$4";;
+	6) hunks=$5; cmd="diff -U$3"; git config diff.interHunkContext $4; use_config="(diff.interHunkContext=$4) ";;
 	esac
-	label="$cmd, $1 common $2"
+	label="$use_config$cmd, $1 common $2"
 	file=f$1
 	expected=expected.$file.$3.$hunks
 
@@ -89,4 +93,25 @@ t 9 lines	3		2
 t 9 lines	3	2	2
 t 9 lines	3	3	1
 
+#					use diff.interHunkContext?
+t 1 line	0	0	2	config
+t 1 line	0	1	1	config
+t 1 line	0	2	1	config
+t 9 lines	3	3	1	config
+t 2 lines	0	0	2	config
+t 2 lines	0	1	2	config
+t 2 lines	0	2	1	config
+t 3 lines	1	0	2	config
+t 3 lines	1	1	1	config
+t 3 lines	1	2	1	config
+t 9 lines	3	2	2	config
+t 9 lines	3	3	1	config
+
+test_expect_success 'diff.interHunkContext invalid' '
+	git config diff.interHunkContext asdf &&
+	test_must_fail git diff &&
+	git config diff.interHunkContext -1 &&
+	test_must_fail git diff
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4033-diff-patience.sh b/t/t4033-diff-patience.sh
index 3c9932edf3..113304dc59 100755
--- a/t/t4033-diff-patience.sh
+++ b/t/t4033-diff-patience.sh
@@ -5,6 +5,14 @@ test_description='patience diff algorithm'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-diff-alternative.sh
 
+test_expect_success '--ignore-space-at-eol with a single appended character' '
+	printf "a\nb\nc\n" >pre &&
+	printf "a\nbX\nc\n" >post &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --no-index \
+		--patience --ignore-space-at-eol pre post >diff &&
+	grep "^+.*X" diff
+'
+
 test_diff_frobnitz "patience"
 
 test_diff_unique "patience"
diff --git a/t/t4034-diff-words.sh b/t/t4034-diff-words.sh
index f2f55fc51c..912df91226 100755
--- a/t/t4034-diff-words.sh
+++ b/t/t4034-diff-words.sh
@@ -302,6 +302,7 @@ test_language_driver ada
 test_language_driver bibtex
 test_language_driver cpp
 test_language_driver csharp
+test_language_driver css
 test_language_driver fortran
 test_language_driver html
 test_language_driver java
diff --git a/t/t4034/css/expect b/t/t4034/css/expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ed10393bda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/css/expect
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<BOLD>index b8ae0bb..fe500b7 100644<RESET>
+<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<CYAN>@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@<RESET>
+.<RED>class-form<RESET><GREEN>other-form<RESET> label.control-label {
+    margin-top: <RED>10<RESET><GREEN>15<RESET>px!important;
+    border : 10px <RED>dashed<RESET><GREEN>dotted<RESET> #C6C6C6;
+}<RESET>
+<RED>#CCCCCC<RESET><GREEN>#CCCCCB<RESET>
+10em<RESET>
+<RED>padding-bottom<RESET><GREEN>margin-left<RESET>
+150<RED>px<RESET><GREEN>em<RESET>
+10px
+<RED>!important<RESET>
+<RED>div<RESET><GREEN>li<RESET>.class#id
diff --git a/t/t4034/css/post b/t/t4034/css/post
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fe500b7a4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/css/post
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+.other-form label.control-label {
+    margin-top: 15px!important;
+    border : 10px dotted #C6C6C6;
+}
+#CCCCCB
+10em
+margin-left
+150em
+10px
+li.class#id
diff --git a/t/t4034/css/pre b/t/t4034/css/pre
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b8ae0bb48f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/css/pre
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+.class-form label.control-label {
+    margin-top: 10px!important;
+    border : 10px dashed #C6C6C6;
+}
+#CCCCCC
+10em
+padding-bottom
+150px
+10px!important
+div.class#id
diff --git a/t/t4035-diff-quiet.sh b/t/t4035-diff-quiet.sh
index 461f4bb583..0352bf81a9 100755
--- a/t/t4035-diff-quiet.sh
+++ b/t/t4035-diff-quiet.sh
@@ -147,9 +147,18 @@ test_expect_success 'git diff --ignore-all-space, both files outside repo' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git diff --quiet ignores stat-change only entries' '
-	test-chmtime +10 a &&
+	test-tool chmtime +10 a &&
 	echo modified >>b &&
 	test_expect_code 1 git diff --quiet
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git diff --quiet on a path that need conversion' '
+	echo "crlf.txt text=auto" >.gitattributes &&
+	printf "Hello\r\nWorld\r\n" >crlf.txt &&
+	git add .gitattributes crlf.txt &&
+
+	printf "Hello\r\nWorld\n" >crlf.txt &&
+	git diff --quiet crlf.txt
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4038-diff-combined.sh b/t/t4038-diff-combined.sh
index 0b4f7dfdc6..e2824d3437 100755
--- a/t/t4038-diff-combined.sh
+++ b/t/t4038-diff-combined.sh
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ test_expect_failure 'combine diff coalesce three parents' '
 '
 
 # Test for a bug reported at
-# http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/224410
+# https://public-inbox.org/git/20130515143508.GO25742@login.drsnuggles.stderr.nl/
 # where a delete lines were missing from combined diff output when they
 # occurred exactly before the context lines of a later change.
 test_expect_success 'combine diff missing delete bug' '
diff --git a/t/t4039-diff-assume-unchanged.sh b/t/t4039-diff-assume-unchanged.sh
index 23c0e357a7..53ac44b0f0 100755
--- a/t/t4039-diff-assume-unchanged.sh
+++ b/t/t4039-diff-assume-unchanged.sh
@@ -34,9 +34,8 @@ test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'find-copies-harder is not confused by mode bits'
 	git add exec &&
 	git commit -m exec &&
 	git update-index --assume-unchanged exec &&
-	>expect &&
 	git diff-files --find-copies-harder -- exec >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4041-diff-submodule-option.sh b/t/t4041-diff-submodule-option.sh
index 2d9731b52d..619bf97098 100755
--- a/t/t4041-diff-submodule-option.sh
+++ b/t/t4041-diff-submodule-option.sh
@@ -257,9 +257,7 @@ test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(blob->submodule)' '
 commit_file sm1 &&
 test_expect_success 'submodule is up to date' '
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-	EOF
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content' '
@@ -273,17 +271,17 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content' '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content (untracked ignored)' '
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=untracked --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	! test -s actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content (dirty ignored)' '
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=dirty --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	! test -s actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content (all ignored)' '
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=all --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	! test -s actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modifed content' '
@@ -308,13 +306,13 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modifed content (untracked
 test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modifed content (dirty ignored)' '
 	echo new > sm1/foo6 &&
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=dirty --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	! test -s actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modifed content (all ignored)' '
 	echo new > sm1/foo6 &&
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	! test -s actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule contains modifed content' '
@@ -368,7 +366,7 @@ test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content (dirty ignore
 
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content (all ignored)' '
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=all --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	! test -s actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modifed content' '
@@ -407,7 +405,7 @@ test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modifed content (
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modifed content (all ignored)' '
 	echo modification >> sm1/foo6 &&
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
-	! test -s actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains modifed content' '
@@ -430,9 +428,11 @@ test_expect_success 'deleted submodule' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-test_create_repo sm2 &&
-head7=$(add_file sm2 foo8 foo9) &&
-git add sm2
+test_expect_success 'create second submodule' '
+	test_create_repo sm2 &&
+	head7=$(add_file sm2 foo8 foo9) &&
+	git add sm2
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'multiple submodules' '
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ test_expect_success 'given commit --submodule=short' '
 test_expect_success 'setup .git file for sm2' '
 	(cd sm2 &&
 	 REAL="$(pwd)/../.real" &&
-	 mv .git "$REAL"
+	 mv .git "$REAL" &&
 	 echo "gitdir: $REAL" >.git)
 '
 
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ test_expect_success 'diff --submodule with objects referenced by alternates' '
 		git commit -m "sub a"
 	) &&
 	(cd sub_alt &&
-		sha1_before=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD)
+		sha1_before=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
 		echo b >b &&
 		git add b &&
 		git commit -m b &&
diff --git a/t/t4042-diff-textconv-caching.sh b/t/t4042-diff-textconv-caching.sh
index 04a44d5c61..bf33aedf4b 100755
--- a/t/t4042-diff-textconv-caching.sh
+++ b/t/t4042-diff-textconv-caching.sh
@@ -15,9 +15,13 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	echo bar content 1 >bar.bin &&
 	git add . &&
 	git commit -m one &&
+	foo1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD:foo.bin) &&
+	bar1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD:bar.bin) &&
 	echo foo content 2 >foo.bin &&
 	echo bar content 2 >bar.bin &&
 	git commit -a -m two &&
+	foo2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD:foo.bin) &&
+	bar2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD:bar.bin) &&
 	echo "*.bin diff=magic" >.gitattributes &&
 	git config diff.magic.textconv ./helper &&
 	git config diff.magic.cachetextconv true
@@ -25,14 +29,14 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 diff --git a/bar.bin b/bar.bin
-index fcf9166..28283d5 100644
+index $bar1..$bar2 100644
 --- a/bar.bin
 +++ b/bar.bin
 @@ -1 +1 @@
 -converted: bar content 1
 +converted: bar content 2
 diff --git a/foo.bin b/foo.bin
-index d5b9fe3..1345db2 100644
+index $foo1..$foo2 100644
 --- a/foo.bin
 +++ b/foo.bin
 @@ -1 +1 @@
@@ -59,7 +63,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cached textconv does not run helper' '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 diff --git a/bar.bin b/bar.bin
-index fcf9166..28283d5 100644
+index $bar1..$bar2 100644
 --- a/bar.bin
 +++ b/bar.bin
 @@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
@@ -67,7 +71,7 @@ index fcf9166..28283d5 100644
 -converted: bar content 1
 +converted: bar content 2
 diff --git a/foo.bin b/foo.bin
-index d5b9fe3..1345db2 100644
+index $foo1..$foo2 100644
 --- a/foo.bin
 +++ b/foo.bin
 @@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
@@ -84,7 +88,7 @@ test_expect_success 'changing textconv invalidates cache' '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 diff --git a/bar.bin b/bar.bin
-index fcf9166..28283d5 100644
+index $bar1..$bar2 100644
 --- a/bar.bin
 +++ b/bar.bin
 @@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
@@ -92,7 +96,7 @@ index fcf9166..28283d5 100644
 -converted: bar content 1
 +converted: bar content 2
 diff --git a/foo.bin b/foo.bin
-index d5b9fe3..1345db2 100644
+index $foo1..$foo2 100644
 --- a/foo.bin
 +++ b/foo.bin
 @@ -1 +1 @@
diff --git a/t/t4044-diff-index-unique-abbrev.sh b/t/t4044-diff-index-unique-abbrev.sh
index d5ce72be63..647905e01f 100755
--- a/t/t4044-diff-index-unique-abbrev.sh
+++ b/t/t4044-diff-index-unique-abbrev.sh
@@ -3,6 +3,12 @@
 test_description='test unique sha1 abbreviation on "index from..to" line'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq SHA1
+then
+       skip_all='not using SHA-1 for objects'
+       test_done
+fi
+
 cat >expect_initial <<EOF
 100644 blob 51d2738463ea4ca66f8691c91e33ce64b7d41bb1	foo
 EOF
diff --git a/t/t4045-diff-relative.sh b/t/t4045-diff-relative.sh
index 3950f5034d..36f8ed8a81 100755
--- a/t/t4045-diff-relative.sh
+++ b/t/t4045-diff-relative.sh
@@ -8,66 +8,82 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	echo content >file1 &&
 	mkdir subdir &&
 	echo other content >subdir/file2 &&
+	blob=$(git hash-object subdir/file2) &&
 	git add . &&
 	git commit -m one
 '
 
-check_diff() {
-expect=$1; shift
-cat >expected <<EOF
-diff --git a/$expect b/$expect
-new file mode 100644
-index 0000000..25c05ef
---- /dev/null
-+++ b/$expect
-@@ -0,0 +1 @@
-+other content
-EOF
-test_expect_success "-p $*" "
-	git diff -p $* HEAD^ >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+check_diff () {
+	dir=$1
+	shift
+	expect=$1
+	shift
+	short_blob=$(git rev-parse --short $blob)
+	cat >expected <<-EOF
+	diff --git a/$expect b/$expect
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..$short_blob
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/$expect
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+other content
+	EOF
+	test_expect_success "-p $*" "
+		git -C '$dir' diff -p $* HEAD^ >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	"
 }
 
-check_numstat() {
-expect=$1; shift
-cat >expected <<EOF
-1	0	$expect
-EOF
-test_expect_success "--numstat $*" "
-	echo '1	0	$expect' >expected &&
-	git diff --numstat $* HEAD^ >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+check_numstat () {
+	dir=$1
+	shift
+	expect=$1
+	shift
+	cat >expected <<-EOF
+	1	0	$expect
+	EOF
+	test_expect_success "--numstat $*" "
+		echo '1	0	$expect' >expected &&
+		git -C '$dir' diff --numstat $* HEAD^ >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	"
 }
 
-check_stat() {
-expect=$1; shift
-cat >expected <<EOF
- $expect | 1 +
- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
-EOF
-test_expect_success "--stat $*" "
-	git diff --stat $* HEAD^ >actual &&
-	test_i18ncmp expected actual
-"
+check_stat () {
+	dir=$1
+	shift
+	expect=$1
+	shift
+	cat >expected <<-EOF
+	 $expect | 1 +
+	 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+	EOF
+	test_expect_success "--stat $*" "
+		git -C '$dir' diff --stat $* HEAD^ >actual &&
+		test_i18ncmp expected actual
+	"
 }
 
-check_raw() {
-expect=$1; shift
-cat >expected <<EOF
-:000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 25c05ef3639d2d270e7fe765a67668f098092bc5 A	$expect
-EOF
-test_expect_success "--raw $*" "
-	git diff --no-abbrev --raw $* HEAD^ >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+check_raw () {
+	dir=$1
+	shift
+	expect=$1
+	shift
+	cat >expected <<-EOF
+	:000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 $blob A	$expect
+	EOF
+	test_expect_success "--raw $*" "
+		git -C '$dir' diff --no-abbrev --raw $* HEAD^ >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	"
 }
 
-for type in diff numstat stat raw; do
-	check_$type file2 --relative=subdir/
-	check_$type file2 --relative=subdir
-	check_$type dir/file2 --relative=sub
+for type in diff numstat stat raw
+do
+	check_$type . file2 --relative=subdir/
+	check_$type . file2 --relative=subdir
+	check_$type subdir file2 --relative
+	check_$type . dir/file2 --relative=sub
 done
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4046-diff-unmerged.sh b/t/t4046-diff-unmerged.sh
index 25d50a654a..ff7cfd884a 100755
--- a/t/t4046-diff-unmerged.sh
+++ b/t/t4046-diff-unmerged.sh
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	do
 		blob=$(echo $i | git hash-object --stdin) &&
 		eval "blob$i=$blob" &&
-		eval "m$i=\"100644 \$blob$i $i\"" || break
+		eval "m$i=\"100644 \$blob$i $i\"" || return 1
 	done &&
 	paths= &&
 	for b in o x
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 				case "$b" in x) echo "$m1$p" ;; esac &&
 				case "$o" in x) echo "$m2$p" ;; esac &&
 				case "$t" in x) echo "$m3$p" ;; esac ||
-				break
-			done || break
-		done || break
+				return 1
+			done
+		done
 	done >ls-files-s.expect &&
 	git update-index --index-info <ls-files-s.expect &&
 	git ls-files -s >ls-files-s.actual &&
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ test_expect_success 'diff-files -0' '
 	for path in $paths
 	do
 		>"$path" &&
-		echo ":000000 100644 $_z40 $_z40 U	$path"
+		echo ":000000 100644 $ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID U	$path"
 	done >diff-files-0.expect &&
 	git diff-files -0 >diff-files-0.actual &&
 	test_cmp diff-files-0.expect diff-files-0.actual
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ test_expect_success 'diff-files -1' '
 	for path in $paths
 	do
 		>"$path" &&
-		echo ":000000 100644 $_z40 $_z40 U	$path" &&
+		echo ":000000 100644 $ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID U	$path" &&
 		case "$path" in
-		x??) echo ":100644 100644 $blob1 $_z40 M	$path"
+		x??) echo ":100644 100644 $blob1 $ZERO_OID M	$path"
 		esac
 	done >diff-files-1.expect &&
 	git diff-files -1 >diff-files-1.actual &&
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ test_expect_success 'diff-files -2' '
 	for path in $paths
 	do
 		>"$path" &&
-		echo ":000000 100644 $_z40 $_z40 U	$path" &&
+		echo ":000000 100644 $ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID U	$path" &&
 		case "$path" in
-		?x?) echo ":100644 100644 $blob2 $_z40 M	$path"
+		?x?) echo ":100644 100644 $blob2 $ZERO_OID M	$path"
 		esac
 	done >diff-files-2.expect &&
 	git diff-files -2 >diff-files-2.actual &&
@@ -75,9 +75,9 @@ test_expect_success 'diff-files -3' '
 	for path in $paths
 	do
 		>"$path" &&
-		echo ":000000 100644 $_z40 $_z40 U	$path" &&
+		echo ":000000 100644 $ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID U	$path" &&
 		case "$path" in
-		??x) echo ":100644 100644 $blob3 $_z40 M	$path"
+		??x) echo ":100644 100644 $blob3 $ZERO_OID M	$path"
 		esac
 	done >diff-files-3.expect &&
 	git diff-files -3 >diff-files-3.actual &&
diff --git a/t/t4047-diff-dirstat.sh b/t/t4047-diff-dirstat.sh
index 3b8b7921d6..7fec2cb9cd 100755
--- a/t/t4047-diff-dirstat.sh
+++ b/t/t4047-diff-dirstat.sh
@@ -248,7 +248,8 @@ EOF
 	git rm -r src/move/unchanged &&
 	git rm -r src/move/changed &&
 	git rm -r src/move/rearranged &&
-	git commit -m "changes"
+	git commit -m "changes" &&
+	git config diff.renames false
 '
 
 cat <<EOF >expect_diff_stat
@@ -939,7 +940,7 @@ test_expect_success 'diff.dirstat=0,lines' '
 test_expect_success '--dirstat=future_param,lines,0 should fail loudly' '
 	test_must_fail git diff --dirstat=future_param,lines,0 HEAD^..HEAD >actual_diff_dirstat 2>actual_error &&
 	test_debug "cat actual_error" &&
-	test_cmp /dev/null actual_diff_dirstat &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual_diff_dirstat &&
 	test_i18ngrep -q "future_param" actual_error &&
 	test_i18ngrep -q "\--dirstat" actual_error
 '
@@ -947,7 +948,7 @@ test_expect_success '--dirstat=future_param,lines,0 should fail loudly' '
 test_expect_success '--dirstat=dummy1,cumulative,2dummy should report both unrecognized parameters' '
 	test_must_fail git diff --dirstat=dummy1,cumulative,2dummy HEAD^..HEAD >actual_diff_dirstat 2>actual_error &&
 	test_debug "cat actual_error" &&
-	test_cmp /dev/null actual_diff_dirstat &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual_diff_dirstat &&
 	test_i18ngrep -q "dummy1" actual_error &&
 	test_i18ngrep -q "2dummy" actual_error &&
 	test_i18ngrep -q "\--dirstat" actual_error
diff --git a/t/t4051-diff-function-context.sh b/t/t4051-diff-function-context.sh
index 001d678e09..4838a1df8b 100755
--- a/t/t4051-diff-function-context.sh
+++ b/t/t4051-diff-function-context.sh
@@ -3,90 +3,210 @@
 test_description='diff function context'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
-. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh
 
+dir="$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4051"
 
-cat <<\EOF >hello.c
-#include <stdio.h>
-
-static int a(void)
-{
-	/*
-	 * Dummy.
-	 */
+commit_and_tag () {
+	tag=$1 &&
+	shift &&
+	git add "$@" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "$tag" &&
+	git tag "$tag"
 }
 
-static int hello_world(void)
-{
-	/* Classic. */
-	printf("Hello world.\n");
-
-	/* Success! */
-	return 0;
+first_context_line () {
+	awk '
+		found {print; exit}
+		/^@@/ {found = 1}
+	'
 }
-static int b(void)
-{
-	/*
-	 * Dummy, too.
-	 */
+
+last_context_line () {
+	sed -ne \$p
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-	a();
-	b();
-	return hello_world();
+check_diff () {
+	name=$1
+	desc=$2
+	options="-W $3"
+
+	test_expect_success "$desc" '
+		git diff $options "$name^" "$name" >"$name.diff"
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success ' diff applies' '
+		test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+		git checkout --detach "$name^" &&
+		git apply --index "$name.diff" &&
+		git diff --exit-code "$name"
+	'
 }
-EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
-	git add hello.c &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m initial &&
-
-	grep -v Classic <hello.c >hello.c.new &&
-	mv hello.c.new hello.c
-'
-
-cat <<\EOF >expected
-diff --git a/hello.c b/hello.c
---- a/hello.c
-+++ b/hello.c
-@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@ static int a(void)
- static int hello_world(void)
- {
--	/* Classic. */
- 	printf("Hello world.\n");
- 
- 	/* Success! */
- 	return 0;
- }
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'diff -U0 -W' '
-	git diff -U0 -W >actual &&
-	compare_diff_patch actual expected
-'
-
-cat <<\EOF >expected
-diff --git a/hello.c b/hello.c
---- a/hello.c
-+++ b/hello.c
-@@ -9,9 +9,8 @@ static int a(void)
- 
- static int hello_world(void)
- {
--	/* Classic. */
- 	printf("Hello world.\n");
- 
- 	/* Success! */
- 	return 0;
- }
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'diff -W' '
-	git diff -W >actual &&
-	compare_diff_patch actual expected
+	cat "$dir/includes.c" "$dir/dummy.c" "$dir/dummy.c" "$dir/hello.c" \
+		"$dir/dummy.c" "$dir/dummy.c" >file.c &&
+	commit_and_tag initial file.c &&
+
+	grep -v "delete me from hello" <file.c >file.c.new &&
+	mv file.c.new file.c &&
+	commit_and_tag changed_hello file.c &&
+
+	grep -v "delete me from includes" <file.c >file.c.new &&
+	mv file.c.new file.c &&
+	commit_and_tag changed_includes file.c &&
+
+	cat "$dir/appended1.c" >>file.c &&
+	commit_and_tag appended file.c &&
+
+	cat "$dir/appended2.c" >>file.c &&
+	commit_and_tag extended file.c &&
+
+	grep -v "Begin of second part" <file.c >file.c.new &&
+	mv file.c.new file.c &&
+	commit_and_tag long_common_tail file.c &&
+
+	git checkout initial &&
+	cat "$dir/hello.c" "$dir/dummy.c" >file.c &&
+	commit_and_tag hello_dummy file.c &&
+
+	# overlap function context of 1st change and -u context of 2nd change
+	grep -v "delete me from hello" <"$dir/hello.c" >file.c &&
+	sed "2a\\
+	     extra line" <"$dir/dummy.c" >>file.c &&
+	commit_and_tag changed_hello_dummy file.c &&
+
+	git checkout initial &&
+	grep -v "delete me from hello" <file.c >file.c.new &&
+	mv file.c.new file.c &&
+	cat "$dir/appended1.c" >>file.c &&
+	commit_and_tag changed_hello_appended file.c
+'
+
+check_diff changed_hello 'changed function'
+
+test_expect_success ' context includes comment' '
+	grep "^ .*Hello comment" changed_hello.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context includes begin' '
+	grep "^ .*Begin of hello" changed_hello.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context includes end' '
+	grep "^ .*End of hello" changed_hello.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context does not include other functions' '
+	test $(grep -c "^[ +-].*Begin" changed_hello.diff) -le 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context does not include preceding empty lines' '
+	test "$(first_context_line <changed_hello.diff)" != " "
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context does not include trailing empty lines' '
+	test "$(last_context_line <changed_hello.diff)" != " "
+'
+
+check_diff changed_includes 'changed includes'
+
+test_expect_success ' context includes begin' '
+	grep "^ .*Begin.h" changed_includes.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context includes end' '
+	grep "^ .*End.h" changed_includes.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context does not include other functions' '
+	test $(grep -c "^[ +-].*Begin" changed_includes.diff) -le 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context does not include trailing empty lines' '
+	test "$(last_context_line <changed_includes.diff)" != " "
+'
+
+check_diff appended 'appended function'
+
+test_expect_success ' context includes begin' '
+	grep "^[+].*Begin of first part" appended.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context includes end' '
+	grep "^[+].*End of first part" appended.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context does not include other functions' '
+	test $(grep -c "^[ +-].*Begin" appended.diff) -le 1
+'
+
+check_diff extended 'appended function part'
+
+test_expect_success ' context includes begin' '
+	grep "^ .*Begin of first part" extended.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context includes end' '
+	grep "^[+].*End of second part" extended.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context does not include other functions' '
+	test $(grep -c "^[ +-].*Begin" extended.diff) -le 2
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context does not include preceding empty lines' '
+	test "$(first_context_line <extended.diff)" != " "
+'
+
+check_diff long_common_tail 'change with long common tail and no context' -U0
+
+test_expect_success ' context includes begin' '
+	grep "^ .*Begin of first part" long_common_tail.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context includes end' '
+	grep "^ .*End of second part" long_common_tail.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context does not include other functions' '
+	test $(grep -c "^[ +-].*Begin" long_common_tail.diff) -le 2
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context does not include preceding empty lines' '
+	test "$(first_context_line <long_common_tail.diff)" != " "
+'
+
+check_diff changed_hello_appended 'changed function plus appended function'
+
+test_expect_success ' context includes begin' '
+	grep "^ .*Begin of hello" changed_hello_appended.diff &&
+	grep "^[+].*Begin of first part" changed_hello_appended.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context includes end' '
+	grep "^ .*End of hello" changed_hello_appended.diff &&
+	grep "^[+].*End of first part" changed_hello_appended.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context does not include other functions' '
+	test $(grep -c "^[ +-].*Begin" changed_hello_appended.diff) -le 2
+'
+
+check_diff changed_hello_dummy 'changed two consecutive functions'
+
+test_expect_success ' context includes begin' '
+	grep "^ .*Begin of hello" changed_hello_dummy.diff &&
+	grep "^ .*Begin of dummy" changed_hello_dummy.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' context includes end' '
+	grep "^ .*End of hello" changed_hello_dummy.diff &&
+	grep "^ .*End of dummy" changed_hello_dummy.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' overlapping hunks are merged' '
+	test $(grep -c "^@@" changed_hello_dummy.diff) -eq 1
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4051/appended1.c b/t/t4051/appended1.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a9f56f11db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4051/appended1.c
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+
+int appended(void) // Begin of first part
+{
+	int i;
+	char *s = "a string";
+
+	printf("%s\n", s);
+
+	for (i = 99;
+	     i >= 0;
+	     i--) {
+		printf("%d bottles of beer on the wall\n", i);
+	}
+
+	printf("End of first part\n");
diff --git a/t/t4051/appended2.c b/t/t4051/appended2.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e651f7147b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4051/appended2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+	printf("Begin of second part\n");
+
+	/*
+	 * Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer sadipscing elitr,
+	 * sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore
+	 * magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et
+	 * accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd
+	 * gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor
+	 * sit amet.
+	 *
+	 * Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer sadipscing elitr,
+	 * sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore
+	 * magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et
+	 * accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd
+	 * gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor
+	 * sit amet.
+	 *
+	 * Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer sadipscing elitr,
+	 * sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore
+	 * magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et
+	 * accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd
+	 * gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor
+	 * sit amet.
+	 *
+	 * Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer sadipscing elitr,
+	 * sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore
+	 * magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et
+	 * accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd
+	 * gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor
+	 * sit amet.
+	 *
+	 */
+
+	return 0;
+}	// End of second part
diff --git a/t/t4051/dummy.c b/t/t4051/dummy.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a43016e870
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4051/dummy.c
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+static int dummy(void)	// Begin of dummy
+{
+	int rc = 0;
+
+	return rc;
+}	// End of dummy
diff --git a/t/t4051/hello.c b/t/t4051/hello.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..73e767e178
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4051/hello.c
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+
+/*
+ * Hello comment.
+ */
+static void hello(void)	// Begin of hello
+{
+	/*
+	 * Classic.
+	 */
+	putchar('H');
+	putchar('e');
+	putchar('l');
+	putchar('l');
+	putchar('o');
+	putchar(' ');
+	/* delete me from hello */
+	putchar('w');
+	putchar('o');
+	putchar('r');
+	putchar('l');
+	putchar('d');
+	putchar('.');
+	putchar('\n');
+}	// End of hello
diff --git a/t/t4051/includes.c b/t/t4051/includes.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..efc68f8bf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4051/includes.c
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#include <Begin.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+/* delete me from includes */
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <regex.h>
+#include <utime.h>
+#include <syslog.h>
+#include <End.h>
diff --git a/t/t4052-stat-output.sh b/t/t4052-stat-output.sh
index 4a02b17fc8..6e2cf933f7 100755
--- a/t/t4052-stat-output.sh
+++ b/t/t4052-stat-output.sh
@@ -19,17 +19,33 @@ test_expect_success 'preparation' '
 	git commit -m message "$name"
 '
 
+cat >expect72 <<-'EOF'
+ ...aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1 +
+EOF
+test_expect_success "format-patch: small change with long name gives more space to the name" '
+	git format-patch -1 --stdout >output &&
+	grep " | " output >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect72 actual
+'
+
 while read cmd args
 do
-	cat >expect <<-'EOF'
+	cat >expect80 <<-'EOF'
 	 ...aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1 +
 	EOF
 	test_expect_success "$cmd: small change with long name gives more space to the name" '
 		git $cmd $args >output &&
 		grep " | " output >actual &&
-		test_cmp expect actual
+		test_cmp expect80 actual
 	'
+done <<\EOF
+diff HEAD^ HEAD --stat
+show --stat
+log -1 --stat
+EOF
 
+while read cmd args
+do
 	cat >expect <<-'EOF'
 	 ...aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1 +
 	EOF
@@ -79,11 +95,11 @@ test_expect_success 'preparation for big change tests' '
 	git commit -m message abcd
 '
 
-cat >expect80 <<'EOF'
- abcd | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+cat >expect72 <<'EOF'
+ abcd | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 EOF
-cat >expect80-graph <<'EOF'
-|  abcd | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+cat >expect72-graph <<'EOF'
+|  abcd | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 EOF
 cat >expect200 <<'EOF'
  abcd | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
@@ -99,7 +115,7 @@ do
 		test_cmp "$expect" actual
 	'
 
-	test "$cmd" != diff || continue
+	case "$cmd" in diff|show) continue;; esac
 
 	test_expect_success "$cmd --graph $verb COLUMNS (big change)" '
 		COLUMNS=200 git $cmd $args --graph >output &&
@@ -107,7 +123,7 @@ do
 		test_cmp "$expect-graph" actual
 	'
 done <<\EOF
-ignores expect80 format-patch -1 --stdout
+ignores expect72 format-patch -1 --stdout
 respects expect200 diff HEAD^ HEAD --stat
 respects expect200 show --stat
 respects expect200 log -1 --stat
@@ -127,7 +143,7 @@ do
 		test_cmp "$expect" actual
 	'
 
-	test "$cmd" != diff || continue
+	case "$cmd" in diff|show) continue;; esac
 
 	test_expect_success "$cmd --graph $verb not enough COLUMNS (big change)" '
 		COLUMNS=40 git $cmd $args --graph >output &&
@@ -135,7 +151,7 @@ do
 		test_cmp "$expect-graph" actual
 	'
 done <<\EOF
-ignores expect80 format-patch -1 --stdout
+ignores expect72 format-patch -1 --stdout
 respects expect40 diff HEAD^ HEAD --stat
 respects expect40 show --stat
 respects expect40 log -1 --stat
@@ -155,7 +171,7 @@ do
 		test_cmp "$expect" actual
 	'
 
-	test "$cmd" != diff || continue
+	case "$cmd" in diff|show) continue;; esac
 
 	test_expect_success "$cmd --graph $verb statGraphWidth config" '
 		git -c diff.statGraphWidth=26 $cmd $args --graph >output &&
@@ -163,7 +179,7 @@ do
 		test_cmp "$expect-graph" actual
 	'
 done <<\EOF
-ignores expect80 format-patch -1 --stdout
+ignores expect72 format-patch -1 --stdout
 respects expect40 diff HEAD^ HEAD --stat
 respects expect40 show --stat
 respects expect40 log -1 --stat
@@ -196,7 +212,7 @@ do
 		test_cmp expect actual
 	'
 
-	test "$cmd" != diff || continue
+	case "$cmd" in diff|show) continue;; esac
 
 	test_expect_success "$cmd --stat-width=width --graph with big change" '
 		git $cmd $args --stat-width=40 --graph >output &&
@@ -236,7 +252,7 @@ do
 		test_cmp expect actual
 	'
 
-	test "$cmd" != diff || continue
+	case "$cmd" in diff|show) continue;; esac
 
 	test_expect_success "$cmd --stat=width --graph with big change is balanced" '
 		git $cmd $args --stat-width=60 --graph >output &&
@@ -250,11 +266,11 @@ show --stat
 log -1 --stat
 EOF
 
-cat >expect80 <<'EOF'
- ...aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++
+cat >expect72 <<'EOF'
+ ...aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1000 +++++++++++++++++
 EOF
-cat >expect80-graph <<'EOF'
-|  ...aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++
+cat >expect72-graph <<'EOF'
+|  ...aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1000 +++++++++++++++++
 EOF
 cat >expect200 <<'EOF'
  aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1000 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
@@ -270,7 +286,7 @@ do
 		test_cmp "$expect" actual
 	'
 
-	test "$cmd" != diff || continue
+	case "$cmd" in diff|show) continue;; esac
 
 	test_expect_success "$cmd --graph $verb COLUMNS (long filename)" '
 		COLUMNS=200 git $cmd $args --graph >output &&
@@ -278,7 +294,7 @@ do
 		test_cmp "$expect-graph" actual
 	'
 done <<\EOF
-ignores expect80 format-patch -1 --stdout
+ignores expect72 format-patch -1 --stdout
 respects expect200 diff HEAD^ HEAD --stat
 respects expect200 show --stat
 respects expect200 log -1 --stat
@@ -299,7 +315,7 @@ do
 		test_cmp "$expect" actual
 	'
 
-	test "$cmd" != diff || continue
+	case "$cmd" in diff|show) continue;; esac
 
 	test_expect_success COLUMNS_CAN_BE_1 \
 		"$cmd --graph $verb prefix greater than COLUMNS (big change)" '
@@ -308,7 +324,7 @@ do
 		test_cmp "$expect-graph" actual
 	'
 done <<\EOF
-ignores expect80 format-patch -1 --stdout
+ignores expect72 format-patch -1 --stdout
 respects expect1 diff HEAD^ HEAD --stat
 respects expect1 show --stat
 respects expect1 log -1 --stat
diff --git a/t/t4053-diff-no-index.sh b/t/t4053-diff-no-index.sh
index 075ece6db1..453e6c35eb 100755
--- a/t/t4053-diff-no-index.sh
+++ b/t/t4053-diff-no-index.sh
@@ -55,4 +55,76 @@ test_expect_success 'git diff --no-index executed outside repo gives correct err
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'diff D F and diff F D' '
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		echo in-repo >a &&
+		echo non-repo >../non/git/a &&
+		mkdir sub &&
+		echo sub-repo >sub/a &&
+
+		test_must_fail git diff --no-index sub/a ../non/git/a >expect &&
+		test_must_fail git diff --no-index sub/a ../non/git/ >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_must_fail git diff --no-index a ../non/git/a >expect &&
+		test_must_fail git diff --no-index a ../non/git/ >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_must_fail git diff --no-index ../non/git/a a >expect &&
+		test_must_fail git diff --no-index ../non/git a >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'turning a file into a directory' '
+	(
+		cd non/git &&
+		mkdir d e e/sub &&
+		echo 1 >d/sub &&
+		echo 2 >e/sub/file &&
+		printf "D\td/sub\nA\te/sub/file\n" >expect &&
+		test_must_fail git diff --no-index --name-status d e >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff from repo subdir shows real paths (explicit)' '
+	echo "diff --git a/../../non/git/a b/../../non/git/b" >expect &&
+	test_expect_code 1 \
+		git -C repo/sub \
+		diff --no-index ../../non/git/a ../../non/git/b >actual &&
+	head -n 1 <actual >actual.head &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.head
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff from repo subdir shows real paths (implicit)' '
+	echo "diff --git a/../../non/git/a b/../../non/git/b" >expect &&
+	test_expect_code 1 \
+		git -C repo/sub \
+		diff ../../non/git/a ../../non/git/b >actual &&
+	head -n 1 <actual >actual.head &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.head
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff --no-index from repo subdir respects config (explicit)' '
+	echo "diff --git ../../non/git/a ../../non/git/b" >expect &&
+	test_config -C repo diff.noprefix true &&
+	test_expect_code 1 \
+		git -C repo/sub \
+		diff --no-index ../../non/git/a ../../non/git/b >actual &&
+	head -n 1 <actual >actual.head &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.head
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff --no-index from repo subdir respects config (implicit)' '
+	echo "diff --git ../../non/git/a ../../non/git/b" >expect &&
+	test_config -C repo diff.noprefix true &&
+	test_expect_code 1 \
+		git -C repo/sub \
+		diff ../../non/git/a ../../non/git/b >actual &&
+	head -n 1 <actual >actual.head &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.head
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4054-diff-bogus-tree.sh b/t/t4054-diff-bogus-tree.sh
index 1d6efab3c5..fcae82fffa 100755
--- a/t/t4054-diff-bogus-tree.sh
+++ b/t/t4054-diff-bogus-tree.sh
@@ -3,8 +3,6 @@
 test_description='test diff with a bogus tree containing the null sha1'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-empty_tree=4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904
-
 test_expect_success 'create bogus tree' '
 	bogus_tree=$(
 		printf "100644 fooQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ" |
@@ -21,47 +19,47 @@ test_expect_success 'create tree with matching file' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'raw diff shows null sha1 (addition)' '
-	echo ":000000 100644 $_z40 $_z40 A	foo" >expect &&
-	git diff-tree $empty_tree $bogus_tree >actual &&
+	echo ":000000 100644 $ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID A	foo" >expect &&
+	git diff-tree $EMPTY_TREE $bogus_tree >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'raw diff shows null sha1 (removal)' '
-	echo ":100644 000000 $_z40 $_z40 D	foo" >expect &&
-	git diff-tree $bogus_tree $empty_tree >actual &&
+	echo ":100644 000000 $ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID D	foo" >expect &&
+	git diff-tree $bogus_tree $EMPTY_TREE >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'raw diff shows null sha1 (modification)' '
-	echo ":100644 100644 $blob $_z40 M	foo" >expect &&
+	echo ":100644 100644 $blob $ZERO_OID M	foo" >expect &&
 	git diff-tree $good_tree $bogus_tree >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'raw diff shows null sha1 (other direction)' '
-	echo ":100644 100644 $_z40 $blob M	foo" >expect &&
+	echo ":100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $blob M	foo" >expect &&
 	git diff-tree $bogus_tree $good_tree >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'raw diff shows null sha1 (reverse)' '
-	echo ":100644 100644 $_z40 $blob M	foo" >expect &&
+	echo ":100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $blob M	foo" >expect &&
 	git diff-tree -R $good_tree $bogus_tree >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'raw diff shows null sha1 (index)' '
-	echo ":100644 100644 $_z40 $blob M	foo" >expect &&
+	echo ":100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $blob M	foo" >expect &&
 	git diff-index $bogus_tree >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'patch fails due to bogus sha1 (addition)' '
-	test_must_fail git diff-tree -p $empty_tree $bogus_tree
+	test_must_fail git diff-tree -p $EMPTY_TREE $bogus_tree
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'patch fails due to bogus sha1 (removal)' '
-	test_must_fail git diff-tree -p $bogus_tree $empty_tree
+	test_must_fail git diff-tree -p $bogus_tree $EMPTY_TREE
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'patch fails due to bogus sha1 (modification)' '
diff --git a/t/t4056-diff-order.sh b/t/t4056-diff-order.sh
index c0460bb0e5..43dd474a12 100755
--- a/t/t4056-diff-order.sh
+++ b/t/t4056-diff-order.sh
@@ -68,6 +68,12 @@ test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SANITY 'unreadable orderfile' '
 	test_must_fail git diff -Ounreadable_file --name-only HEAD^..HEAD
 '
 
+test_expect_success "orderfile using option from subdir with --output" '
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	git -C subdir diff -O../order_file_1 --output ../actual --name-only HEAD^..HEAD &&
+	test_cmp expect_1 actual
+'
+
 for i in 1 2
 do
 	test_expect_success "orderfile using option ($i)" '
diff --git a/t/t4058-diff-duplicates.sh b/t/t4058-diff-duplicates.sh
index 0a23242cb6..c24ee175ef 100755
--- a/t/t4058-diff-duplicates.sh
+++ b/t/t4058-diff-duplicates.sh
@@ -59,12 +59,12 @@ test_expect_success 'create trees with duplicate entries' '
 
 test_expect_success 'diff-tree between trees' '
 	{
-		printf ":000000 100644 $_z40 $blob_two A\touter/inner\n" &&
-		printf ":000000 100644 $_z40 $blob_two A\touter/inner\n" &&
-		printf ":000000 100644 $_z40 $blob_two A\touter/inner\n" &&
-		printf ":100644 000000 $blob_two $_z40 D\touter/inner\n" &&
-		printf ":100644 000000 $blob_two $_z40 D\touter/inner\n" &&
-		printf ":100644 000000 $blob_two $_z40 D\touter/inner\n"
+		printf ":000000 100644 $ZERO_OID $blob_two A\touter/inner\n" &&
+		printf ":000000 100644 $ZERO_OID $blob_two A\touter/inner\n" &&
+		printf ":000000 100644 $ZERO_OID $blob_two A\touter/inner\n" &&
+		printf ":100644 000000 $blob_two $ZERO_OID D\touter/inner\n" &&
+		printf ":100644 000000 $blob_two $ZERO_OID D\touter/inner\n" &&
+		printf ":100644 000000 $blob_two $ZERO_OID D\touter/inner\n"
 	} >expect &&
 	git diff-tree -r --no-abbrev one two >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
diff --git a/t/t4059-diff-submodule-not-initialized.sh b/t/t4059-diff-submodule-not-initialized.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..49bca7b48d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4059-diff-submodule-not-initialized.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2016 Jacob Keller, based on t4041 by Jens Lehmann
+#
+
+test_description='Test for submodule diff on non-checked out submodule
+
+This test tries to verify that add_submodule_odb works when the submodule was
+initialized previously but the checkout has since been removed.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Tested non-UTF-8 encoding
+test_encoding="ISO8859-1"
+
+# String "added" in German (translated with Google Translate), encoded in UTF-8,
+# used in sample commit log messages in add_file() function below.
+added=$(printf "hinzugef\303\274gt")
+
+add_file () {
+	(
+		cd "$1" &&
+		shift &&
+		for name
+		do
+			echo "$name" >"$name" &&
+			git add "$name" &&
+			test_tick &&
+			# "git commit -m" would break MinGW, as Windows refuse to pass
+			# $test_encoding encoded parameter to git.
+			echo "Add $name ($added $name)" | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding |
+			git -c "i18n.commitEncoding=$test_encoding" commit -F -
+		done >/dev/null &&
+		git rev-parse --short --verify HEAD
+	)
+}
+
+commit_file () {
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit "$@" -m "Commit $*" >/dev/null
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup - submodules' '
+	test_create_repo sm2 &&
+	add_file . foo &&
+	add_file sm2 foo1 foo2 &&
+	smhead1=$(git -C sm2 rev-parse --short --verify HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup - git submodule add' '
+	git submodule add ./sm2 sm1 &&
+	commit_file sm1 .gitmodules &&
+	git diff-tree -p --no-commit-id --submodule=log HEAD -- sm1 >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 0000000...$smhead1 (new submodule)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule directory removed' '
+	rm -rf sm1 &&
+	git diff-tree -p --no-commit-id --submodule=log HEAD -- sm1 >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 0000000...$smhead1 (new submodule)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup - submodule multiple commits' '
+	git submodule update --checkout sm1 &&
+	smhead2=$(add_file sm1 foo3 foo4) &&
+	commit_file sm1 &&
+	git diff-tree -p --no-commit-id --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 $smhead1..$smhead2:
+	  > Add foo4 ($added foo4)
+	  > Add foo3 ($added foo3)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule removed multiple commits' '
+	rm -rf sm1 &&
+	git diff-tree -p --no-commit-id --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 $smhead1..$smhead2:
+	  > Add foo4 ($added foo4)
+	  > Add foo3 ($added foo3)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule not initialized in new clone' '
+	git clone . sm3 &&
+	git -C sm3 diff-tree -p --no-commit-id --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 $smhead1...$smhead2 (commits not present)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup submodule moved' '
+	git submodule update --checkout sm1 &&
+	git mv sm1 sm4 &&
+	commit_file sm4 &&
+	git diff-tree -p --no-commit-id --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm4 0000000...$smhead2 (new submodule)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule moved then removed' '
+	smhead3=$(add_file sm4 foo6 foo7) &&
+	commit_file sm4 &&
+	rm -rf sm4 &&
+	git diff-tree -p --no-commit-id --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm4 $smhead2..$smhead3:
+	  > Add foo7 ($added foo7)
+	  > Add foo6 ($added foo6)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4060-diff-submodule-option-diff-format.sh b/t/t4060-diff-submodule-option-diff-format.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..9dcb69df5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4060-diff-submodule-option-diff-format.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,819 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Jens Lehmann, based on t7401 by Ping Yin
+# Copyright (c) 2011 Alexey Shumkin (+ non-UTF-8 commit encoding tests)
+# Copyright (c) 2016 Jacob Keller (copy + convert to --submodule=diff)
+#
+
+test_description='Support for diff format verbose submodule difference in git diff
+
+This test tries to verify the sanity of --submodule=diff option of git diff.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Tested non-UTF-8 encoding
+test_encoding="ISO8859-1"
+
+# String "added" in German (translated with Google Translate), encoded in UTF-8,
+# used in sample commit log messages in add_file() function below.
+added=$(printf "hinzugef\303\274gt")
+
+add_file () {
+	(
+		cd "$1" &&
+		shift &&
+		for name
+		do
+			echo "$name" >"$name" &&
+			git add "$name" &&
+			test_tick &&
+			# "git commit -m" would break MinGW, as Windows refuse to pass
+			# $test_encoding encoded parameter to git.
+			echo "Add $name ($added $name)" | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding |
+			git -c "i18n.commitEncoding=$test_encoding" commit -F -
+		done >/dev/null &&
+		git rev-parse --short --verify HEAD
+	)
+}
+
+commit_file () {
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit "$@" -m "Commit $*" >/dev/null
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repository' '
+	test_create_repo sm1 &&
+	add_file . foo &&
+	head1=$(add_file sm1 foo1 foo2) &&
+	fullhead1=$(git -C sm1 rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'added submodule' '
+	git add sm1 &&
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 0000000...$head1 (new submodule)
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo1 b/sm1/foo1
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..1715acd
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1/foo1
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo1
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo2 b/sm1/foo2
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..54b060e
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1/foo2
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo2
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'added submodule, set diff.submodule' '
+	test_config diff.submodule log &&
+	git add sm1 &&
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 0000000...$head1 (new submodule)
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo1 b/sm1/foo1
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..1715acd
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1/foo1
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo1
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo2 b/sm1/foo2
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..54b060e
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1/foo2
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo2
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--submodule=short overrides diff.submodule' '
+	test_config diff.submodule log &&
+	git add sm1 &&
+	git diff --submodule=short --cached >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+	new file mode 160000
+	index 0000000..$head1
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+Subproject commit $fullhead1
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff.submodule does not affect plumbing' '
+	test_config diff.submodule log &&
+	git diff-index -p HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+	new file mode 160000
+	index 0000000..$head1
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+Subproject commit $fullhead1
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+commit_file sm1 &&
+head2=$(add_file sm1 foo3)
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward)' '
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 $head1..$head2:
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo3 b/sm1/foo3
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..c1ec6c6
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1/foo3
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo3
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward)' '
+	git diff --submodule=diff >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 $head1..$head2:
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo3 b/sm1/foo3
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..c1ec6c6
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1/foo3
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo3
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward) --submodule' '
+	git diff --submodule >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 $head1..$head2:
+	  > Add foo3 ($added foo3)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+fullhead2=$(cd sm1; git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward) --submodule=short' '
+	git diff --submodule=short >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+	index $head1..$head2 160000
+	--- a/sm1
+	+++ b/sm1
+	@@ -1 +1 @@
+	-Subproject commit $fullhead1
+	+Subproject commit $fullhead2
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+commit_file sm1 &&
+head3=$(
+	cd sm1 &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD~2 >/dev/null &&
+	git rev-parse --short --verify HEAD
+)
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(backward)' '
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 $head2..$head3 (rewind):
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo2 b/sm1/foo2
+	deleted file mode 100644
+	index 54b060e..0000000
+	--- a/sm1/foo2
+	+++ /dev/null
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-foo2
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo3 b/sm1/foo3
+	deleted file mode 100644
+	index c1ec6c6..0000000
+	--- a/sm1/foo3
+	+++ /dev/null
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-foo3
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+head4=$(add_file sm1 foo4 foo5)
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(backward and forward)' '
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 $head2...$head4:
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo2 b/sm1/foo2
+	deleted file mode 100644
+	index 54b060e..0000000
+	--- a/sm1/foo2
+	+++ /dev/null
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-foo2
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo3 b/sm1/foo3
+	deleted file mode 100644
+	index c1ec6c6..0000000
+	--- a/sm1/foo3
+	+++ /dev/null
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-foo3
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo4 b/sm1/foo4
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..a0016db
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1/foo4
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo4
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo5 b/sm1/foo5
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..d6f2413
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1/foo5
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo5
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+commit_file sm1 &&
+mv sm1 sm1-bak &&
+echo sm1 >sm1 &&
+head5=$(git hash-object sm1 | cut -c1-7) &&
+git add sm1 &&
+rm -f sm1 &&
+mv sm1-bak sm1
+
+test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob), --cached' '
+	git diff --submodule=diff --cached >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 $head4...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo1 b/sm1/foo1
+	deleted file mode 100644
+	index 1715acd..0000000
+	--- a/sm1/foo1
+	+++ /dev/null
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-foo1
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo4 b/sm1/foo4
+	deleted file mode 100644
+	index a0016db..0000000
+	--- a/sm1/foo4
+	+++ /dev/null
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-foo4
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo5 b/sm1/foo5
+	deleted file mode 100644
+	index d6f2413..0000000
+	--- a/sm1/foo5
+	+++ /dev/null
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-foo5
+	diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..9da5fb8
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+sm1
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob)' '
+	git diff --submodule=diff >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+	deleted file mode 100644
+	index 9da5fb8..0000000
+	--- a/sm1
+	+++ /dev/null
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-sm1
+	Submodule sm1 0000000...$head4 (new submodule)
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo1 b/sm1/foo1
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..1715acd
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1/foo1
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo1
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo4 b/sm1/foo4
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..a0016db
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1/foo4
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo4
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo5 b/sm1/foo5
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..d6f2413
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1/foo5
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo5
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+rm -rf sm1 &&
+git checkout-index sm1
+test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob)' '
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 $head4...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+	diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..9da5fb8
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+sm1
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+rm -f sm1 &&
+test_create_repo sm1 &&
+head6=$(add_file sm1 foo6 foo7)
+fullhead6=$(cd sm1; git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+test_expect_success 'nonexistent commit' '
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 $head4...$head6 (commits not present)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+commit_file
+test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(blob->submodule)' '
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+	deleted file mode 100644
+	index 9da5fb8..0000000
+	--- a/sm1
+	+++ /dev/null
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-sm1
+	Submodule sm1 0000000...$head6 (new submodule)
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo6 b/sm1/foo6
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..462398b
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1/foo6
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo6
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo7 b/sm1/foo7
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..6e9262c
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1/foo7
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo7
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+commit_file sm1 &&
+test_expect_success 'submodule is up to date' '
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content' '
+	echo new > sm1/new-file &&
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 contains untracked content
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content (untracked ignored)' '
+	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=untracked --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content (dirty ignored)' '
+	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=dirty --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content (all ignored)' '
+	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=all --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modified content' '
+	echo new > sm1/foo6 &&
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 contains untracked content
+	Submodule sm1 contains modified content
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo6 b/sm1/foo6
+	index 462398b..3e75765 100644
+	--- a/sm1/foo6
+	+++ b/sm1/foo6
+	@@ -1 +1 @@
+	-foo6
+	+new
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+# NOT OK
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modified content (untracked ignored)' '
+	echo new > sm1/foo6 &&
+	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=untracked --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 contains modified content
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo6 b/sm1/foo6
+	index 462398b..3e75765 100644
+	--- a/sm1/foo6
+	+++ b/sm1/foo6
+	@@ -1 +1 @@
+	-foo6
+	+new
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modified content (dirty ignored)' '
+	echo new > sm1/foo6 &&
+	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=dirty --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modified content (all ignored)' '
+	echo new > sm1/foo6 &&
+	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains modified content' '
+	rm -f sm1/new-file &&
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 contains modified content
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo6 b/sm1/foo6
+	index 462398b..3e75765 100644
+	--- a/sm1/foo6
+	+++ b/sm1/foo6
+	@@ -1 +1 @@
+	-foo6
+	+new
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+(cd sm1; git commit -mchange foo6 >/dev/null) &&
+head8=$(cd sm1; git rev-parse --short --verify HEAD) &&
+test_expect_success 'submodule is modified' '
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 17243c9..$head8:
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo6 b/sm1/foo6
+	index 462398b..3e75765 100644
+	--- a/sm1/foo6
+	+++ b/sm1/foo6
+	@@ -1 +1 @@
+	-foo6
+	+new
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content' '
+	echo new > sm1/new-file &&
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 contains untracked content
+	Submodule sm1 17243c9..$head8:
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo6 b/sm1/foo6
+	index 462398b..3e75765 100644
+	--- a/sm1/foo6
+	+++ b/sm1/foo6
+	@@ -1 +1 @@
+	-foo6
+	+new
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content (untracked ignored)' '
+	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=untracked --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 17243c9..$head8:
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo6 b/sm1/foo6
+	index 462398b..3e75765 100644
+	--- a/sm1/foo6
+	+++ b/sm1/foo6
+	@@ -1 +1 @@
+	-foo6
+	+new
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content (dirty ignored)' '
+	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=dirty --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 17243c9..cfce562:
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo6 b/sm1/foo6
+	index 462398b..3e75765 100644
+	--- a/sm1/foo6
+	+++ b/sm1/foo6
+	@@ -1 +1 @@
+	-foo6
+	+new
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content (all ignored)' '
+	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=all --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modified content' '
+	echo modification >> sm1/foo6 &&
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 contains untracked content
+	Submodule sm1 contains modified content
+	Submodule sm1 17243c9..cfce562:
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo6 b/sm1/foo6
+	index 462398b..dfda541 100644
+	--- a/sm1/foo6
+	+++ b/sm1/foo6
+	@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+	-foo6
+	+new
+	+modification
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modified content (untracked ignored)' '
+	echo modification >> sm1/foo6 &&
+	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=untracked --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 contains modified content
+	Submodule sm1 17243c9..cfce562:
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo6 b/sm1/foo6
+	index 462398b..e20e2d9 100644
+	--- a/sm1/foo6
+	+++ b/sm1/foo6
+	@@ -1 +1,3 @@
+	-foo6
+	+new
+	+modification
+	+modification
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modified content (dirty ignored)' '
+	echo modification >> sm1/foo6 &&
+	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=dirty --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 17243c9..cfce562:
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo6 b/sm1/foo6
+	index 462398b..3e75765 100644
+	--- a/sm1/foo6
+	+++ b/sm1/foo6
+	@@ -1 +1 @@
+	-foo6
+	+new
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modified content (all ignored)' '
+	echo modification >> sm1/foo6 &&
+	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+# NOT OK
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains modified content' '
+	rm -f sm1/new-file &&
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 contains modified content
+	Submodule sm1 17243c9..cfce562:
+	diff --git a/sm1/foo6 b/sm1/foo6
+	index 462398b..ac466ca 100644
+	--- a/sm1/foo6
+	+++ b/sm1/foo6
+	@@ -1 +1,5 @@
+	-foo6
+	+new
+	+modification
+	+modification
+	+modification
+	+modification
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+rm -rf sm1
+test_expect_success 'deleted submodule' '
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 17243c9...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create second submodule' '
+	test_create_repo sm2 &&
+	head7=$(add_file sm2 foo8 foo9) &&
+	git add sm2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple submodules' '
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 17243c9...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+	Submodule sm2 0000000...a5a65c9 (new submodule)
+	diff --git a/sm2/foo8 b/sm2/foo8
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..db9916b
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm2/foo8
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo8
+	diff --git a/sm2/foo9 b/sm2/foo9
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..9c3b4f6
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm2/foo9
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo9
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'path filter' '
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD sm2 >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm2 0000000...a5a65c9 (new submodule)
+	diff --git a/sm2/foo8 b/sm2/foo8
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..db9916b
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm2/foo8
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo8
+	diff --git a/sm2/foo9 b/sm2/foo9
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..9c3b4f6
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm2/foo9
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo9
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+commit_file sm2
+test_expect_success 'given commit' '
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=diff HEAD^ >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 17243c9...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+	Submodule sm2 0000000...a5a65c9 (new submodule)
+	diff --git a/sm2/foo8 b/sm2/foo8
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..db9916b
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm2/foo8
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo8
+	diff --git a/sm2/foo9 b/sm2/foo9
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..9c3b4f6
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm2/foo9
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo9
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup .git file for sm2' '
+	(cd sm2 &&
+	 REAL="$(pwd)/../.real" &&
+	 mv .git "$REAL" &&
+	 echo "gitdir: $REAL" >.git)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff --submodule=diff with .git file' '
+	git diff --submodule=diff HEAD^ >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 17243c9...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+	Submodule sm2 0000000...a5a65c9 (new submodule)
+	diff --git a/sm2/foo8 b/sm2/foo8
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..db9916b
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm2/foo8
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo8
+	diff --git a/sm2/foo9 b/sm2/foo9
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..9c3b4f6
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm2/foo9
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo9
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup nested submodule' '
+	git submodule add -f ./sm2 &&
+	git commit -a -m "add sm2" &&
+	git -C sm2 submodule add ../sm2 nested &&
+	git -C sm2 commit -a -m "nested sub"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'move nested submodule HEAD' '
+	echo "nested content" >sm2/nested/file &&
+	git -C sm2/nested add file &&
+	git -C sm2/nested commit --allow-empty -m "new HEAD"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff --submodule=diff with moved nested submodule HEAD' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule nested a5a65c9..b55928c:
+	diff --git a/nested/file b/nested/file
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..ca281f5
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/nested/file
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+nested content
+	EOF
+	git -C sm2 diff --submodule=diff >actual 2>err &&
+	test_must_be_empty err &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff --submodule=diff recurses into nested submodules' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm2 contains modified content
+	Submodule sm2 a5a65c9..280969a:
+	diff --git a/sm2/.gitmodules b/sm2/.gitmodules
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..3a816b8
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm2/.gitmodules
+	@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+	+[submodule "nested"]
+	+	path = nested
+	+	url = ../sm2
+	Submodule nested 0000000...b55928c (new submodule)
+	diff --git a/sm2/nested/file b/sm2/nested/file
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..ca281f5
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm2/nested/file
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+nested content
+	diff --git a/sm2/nested/foo8 b/sm2/nested/foo8
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..db9916b
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm2/nested/foo8
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo8
+	diff --git a/sm2/nested/foo9 b/sm2/nested/foo9
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..9c3b4f6
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm2/nested/foo9
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+foo9
+	EOF
+	git diff --submodule=diff >actual 2>err &&
+	test_must_be_empty err &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4061-diff-indent.sh b/t/t4061-diff-indent.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2affd7a100
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4061-diff-indent.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,368 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test diff indent heuristic.
+
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh
+
+# Compare two diff outputs. Ignore "index" lines, because we don't
+# care about SHA-1s or file modes.
+compare_diff () {
+	sed -e "/^index /d" <"$1" >.tmp-1
+	sed -e "/^index /d" <"$2" >.tmp-2
+	test_cmp .tmp-1 .tmp-2 && rm -f .tmp-1 .tmp-2
+}
+
+# Compare blame output using the expectation for a diff as reference.
+# Only look for the lines coming from non-boundary commits.
+compare_blame () {
+	sed -n -e "1,4d" -e "s/^\+//p" <"$1" >.tmp-1
+	sed -ne "s/^[^^][^)]*) *//p" <"$2" >.tmp-2
+	test_cmp .tmp-1 .tmp-2 && rm -f .tmp-1 .tmp-2
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare' '
+	cat <<-\EOF >spaces.txt &&
+	1
+	2
+	a
+
+	b
+	3
+	4
+	EOF
+
+	cat <<-\EOF >functions.c &&
+	1
+	2
+	/* function */
+	foo() {
+	    foo
+	}
+
+	3
+	4
+	EOF
+
+	git add spaces.txt functions.c &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git branch old &&
+
+	cat <<-\EOF >spaces.txt &&
+	1
+	2
+	a
+
+	b
+	a
+
+	b
+	3
+	4
+	EOF
+
+	cat <<-\EOF >functions.c &&
+	1
+	2
+	/* function */
+	bar() {
+	    foo
+	}
+
+	/* function */
+	foo() {
+	    foo
+	}
+
+	3
+	4
+	EOF
+
+	git add spaces.txt functions.c &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git branch new &&
+
+	tr "_" " " <<-\EOF >spaces-expect &&
+	diff --git a/spaces.txt b/spaces.txt
+	--- a/spaces.txt
+	+++ b/spaces.txt
+	@@ -3,5 +3,8 @@
+	 a
+	_
+	 b
+	+a
+	+
+	+b
+	 3
+	 4
+	EOF
+
+	tr "_" " " <<-\EOF >spaces-compacted-expect &&
+	diff --git a/spaces.txt b/spaces.txt
+	--- a/spaces.txt
+	+++ b/spaces.txt
+	@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
+	 2
+	 a
+	_
+	+b
+	+a
+	+
+	 b
+	 3
+	 4
+	EOF
+
+	tr "_" " " <<-\EOF >functions-expect &&
+	diff --git a/functions.c b/functions.c
+	--- a/functions.c
+	+++ b/functions.c
+	@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
+	 1
+	 2
+	 /* function */
+	+bar() {
+	+    foo
+	+}
+	+
+	+/* function */
+	 foo() {
+	     foo
+	 }
+	EOF
+
+	tr "_" " " <<-\EOF >functions-compacted-expect
+	diff --git a/functions.c b/functions.c
+	--- a/functions.c
+	+++ b/functions.c
+	@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
+	 1
+	 2
+	+/* function */
+	+bar() {
+	+    foo
+	+}
+	+
+	 /* function */
+	 foo() {
+	     foo
+	EOF
+'
+
+# --- diff tests ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_expect_success 'diff: ugly spaces' '
+	git diff --no-indent-heuristic old new -- spaces.txt >out &&
+	compare_diff spaces-expect out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff: --no-indent-heuristic overrides config' '
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=true diff --no-indent-heuristic old new -- spaces.txt >out2 &&
+	compare_diff spaces-expect out2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff: nice spaces with --indent-heuristic' '
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=false diff --indent-heuristic old new -- spaces.txt >out-compacted &&
+	compare_diff spaces-compacted-expect out-compacted
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff: nice spaces with diff.indentHeuristic=true' '
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=true diff old new -- spaces.txt >out-compacted2 &&
+	compare_diff spaces-compacted-expect out-compacted2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff: --indent-heuristic with --patience' '
+	git diff --indent-heuristic --patience old new -- spaces.txt >out-compacted3 &&
+	compare_diff spaces-compacted-expect out-compacted3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff: --indent-heuristic with --histogram' '
+	git diff --indent-heuristic --histogram old new -- spaces.txt >out-compacted4 &&
+	compare_diff spaces-compacted-expect out-compacted4
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff: ugly functions' '
+	git diff --no-indent-heuristic old new -- functions.c >out &&
+	compare_diff functions-expect out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff: nice functions with --indent-heuristic' '
+	git diff --indent-heuristic old new -- functions.c >out-compacted &&
+	compare_diff functions-compacted-expect out-compacted
+'
+
+# --- blame tests ---------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_expect_success 'blame: nice spaces with --indent-heuristic' '
+	git blame --indent-heuristic old..new -- spaces.txt >out-blame-compacted &&
+	compare_blame spaces-compacted-expect out-blame-compacted
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame: nice spaces with diff.indentHeuristic=true' '
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=true blame old..new -- spaces.txt >out-blame-compacted2 &&
+	compare_blame spaces-compacted-expect out-blame-compacted2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame: ugly spaces with --no-indent-heuristic' '
+	git blame --no-indent-heuristic old..new -- spaces.txt >out-blame &&
+	compare_blame spaces-expect out-blame
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame: ugly spaces with diff.indentHeuristic=false' '
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=false blame old..new -- spaces.txt >out-blame2 &&
+	compare_blame spaces-expect out-blame2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame: --no-indent-heuristic overrides config' '
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=true blame --no-indent-heuristic old..new -- spaces.txt >out-blame3 &&
+	git blame old..new -- spaces.txt >out-blame &&
+	compare_blame spaces-expect out-blame3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame: --indent-heuristic overrides config' '
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=false blame --indent-heuristic old..new -- spaces.txt >out-blame-compacted3 &&
+	compare_blame spaces-compacted-expect out-blame-compacted2
+'
+
+# --- diff-tree tests -----------------------------------------------------
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree: nice spaces with --indent-heuristic' '
+	git diff-tree --indent-heuristic -p old new -- spaces.txt >out-diff-tree-compacted &&
+	compare_diff spaces-compacted-expect out-diff-tree-compacted
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree: nice spaces with diff.indentHeuristic=true' '
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=true diff-tree -p old new -- spaces.txt >out-diff-tree-compacted2 &&
+	compare_diff spaces-compacted-expect out-diff-tree-compacted2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree: ugly spaces with --no-indent-heuristic' '
+	git diff-tree --no-indent-heuristic -p old new -- spaces.txt >out-diff-tree &&
+	compare_diff spaces-expect out-diff-tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree: ugly spaces with diff.indentHeuristic=false' '
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=false diff-tree -p old new -- spaces.txt >out-diff-tree2 &&
+	compare_diff spaces-expect out-diff-tree2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree: --indent-heuristic overrides config' '
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=false diff-tree --indent-heuristic -p old new -- spaces.txt >out-diff-tree-compacted3 &&
+	compare_diff spaces-compacted-expect out-diff-tree-compacted3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree: --no-indent-heuristic overrides config' '
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=true diff-tree --no-indent-heuristic -p old new -- spaces.txt >out-diff-tree3 &&
+	compare_diff spaces-expect out-diff-tree3
+'
+
+# --- diff-index tests ----------------------------------------------------
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-index: nice spaces with --indent-heuristic' '
+	git checkout -B diff-index &&
+	git reset --soft HEAD~ &&
+	git diff-index --indent-heuristic -p old -- spaces.txt >out-diff-index-compacted &&
+	compare_diff spaces-compacted-expect out-diff-index-compacted &&
+	git checkout -f master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-index: nice spaces with diff.indentHeuristic=true' '
+	git checkout -B diff-index &&
+	git reset --soft HEAD~ &&
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=true diff-index -p old -- spaces.txt >out-diff-index-compacted2 &&
+	compare_diff spaces-compacted-expect out-diff-index-compacted2 &&
+	git checkout -f master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-index: ugly spaces with --no-indent-heuristic' '
+	git checkout -B diff-index &&
+	git reset --soft HEAD~ &&
+	git diff-index --no-indent-heuristic -p old -- spaces.txt >out-diff-index &&
+	compare_diff spaces-expect out-diff-index &&
+	git checkout -f master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-index: ugly spaces with diff.indentHeuristic=false' '
+	git checkout -B diff-index &&
+	git reset --soft HEAD~ &&
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=false diff-index -p old -- spaces.txt >out-diff-index2 &&
+	compare_diff spaces-expect out-diff-index2 &&
+	git checkout -f master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-index: --indent-heuristic overrides config' '
+	git checkout -B diff-index &&
+	git reset --soft HEAD~ &&
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=false diff-index --indent-heuristic -p old -- spaces.txt >out-diff-index-compacted3 &&
+	compare_diff spaces-compacted-expect out-diff-index-compacted3 &&
+	git checkout -f master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-index: --no-indent-heuristic overrides config' '
+	git checkout -B diff-index &&
+	git reset --soft HEAD~ &&
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=true diff-index --no-indent-heuristic -p old -- spaces.txt >out-diff-index3 &&
+	compare_diff spaces-expect out-diff-index3 &&
+	git checkout -f master
+'
+
+# --- diff-files tests ----------------------------------------------------
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-files: nice spaces with --indent-heuristic' '
+	git checkout -B diff-files &&
+	git reset HEAD~ &&
+	git diff-files --indent-heuristic -p spaces.txt >out-diff-files-raw &&
+	grep -v index out-diff-files-raw >out-diff-files-compacted &&
+	compare_diff spaces-compacted-expect out-diff-files-compacted &&
+	git checkout -f master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-files: nice spaces with diff.indentHeuristic=true' '
+	git checkout -B diff-files &&
+	git reset HEAD~ &&
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=true diff-files -p spaces.txt >out-diff-files-raw2 &&
+	grep -v index out-diff-files-raw2 >out-diff-files-compacted2 &&
+	compare_diff spaces-compacted-expect out-diff-files-compacted2 &&
+	git checkout -f master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-files: ugly spaces with --no-indent-heuristic' '
+	git checkout -B diff-files &&
+	git reset HEAD~ &&
+	git diff-files --no-indent-heuristic -p spaces.txt >out-diff-files-raw &&
+	grep -v index out-diff-files-raw >out-diff-files &&
+	compare_diff spaces-expect out-diff-files &&
+	git checkout -f master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-files: ugly spaces with diff.indentHeuristic=false' '
+	git checkout -B diff-files &&
+	git reset HEAD~ &&
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=false diff-files -p spaces.txt >out-diff-files-raw2 &&
+	grep -v index out-diff-files-raw2 >out-diff-files &&
+	compare_diff spaces-expect out-diff-files &&
+	git checkout -f master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-files: --indent-heuristic overrides config' '
+	git checkout -B diff-files &&
+	git reset HEAD~ &&
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=false diff-files --indent-heuristic -p spaces.txt >out-diff-files-raw3 &&
+	grep -v index out-diff-files-raw3 >out-diff-files-compacted &&
+	compare_diff spaces-compacted-expect out-diff-files-compacted &&
+	git checkout -f master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-files: --no-indent-heuristic overrides config' '
+	git checkout -B diff-files &&
+	git reset HEAD~ &&
+	git -c diff.indentHeuristic=true diff-files --no-indent-heuristic -p spaces.txt >out-diff-files-raw4 &&
+	grep -v index out-diff-files-raw4 >out-diff-files &&
+	compare_diff spaces-expect out-diff-files &&
+	git checkout -f master
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4062-diff-pickaxe.sh b/t/t4062-diff-pickaxe.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1130c8019b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4062-diff-pickaxe.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2016 Johannes Schindelin
+#
+
+test_description='Pickaxe options'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_commit initial &&
+	printf "%04096d" 0 >4096-zeroes.txt &&
+	git add 4096-zeroes.txt &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "A 4k file"
+'
+
+# OpenBSD only supports up to 255 repetitions, so repeat twice for 64*64=4096.
+test_expect_success '-G matches' '
+	git diff --name-only -G "^(0{64}){64}$" HEAD^ >out &&
+	test 4096-zeroes.txt = "$(cat out)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-S --pickaxe-regex' '
+	git diff --name-only -S0 --pickaxe-regex HEAD^ >out &&
+	verbose test 4096-zeroes.txt = "$(cat out)"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4063-diff-blobs.sh b/t/t4063-diff-blobs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..bc69e26c52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4063-diff-blobs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test direct comparison of blobs via git-diff'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+run_diff () {
+	# use full-index to make it easy to match the index line
+	git diff --full-index "$@" >diff
+}
+
+check_index () {
+	grep "^index $1\\.\\.$2" diff
+}
+
+check_mode () {
+	grep "^old mode $1" diff &&
+	grep "^new mode $2" diff
+}
+
+check_paths () {
+	grep "^diff --git a/$1 b/$2" diff
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'create some blobs' '
+	echo one >one &&
+	echo two >two &&
+	chmod +x two &&
+	git add . &&
+
+	# cover systems where modes are ignored
+	git update-index --chmod=+x two &&
+
+	git commit -m base &&
+
+	sha1_one=$(git rev-parse HEAD:one) &&
+	sha1_two=$(git rev-parse HEAD:two)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff by sha1' '
+	run_diff $sha1_one $sha1_two
+'
+test_expect_success 'index of sha1 diff' '
+	check_index $sha1_one $sha1_two
+'
+test_expect_success 'sha1 diff uses arguments as paths' '
+	check_paths $sha1_one $sha1_two
+'
+test_expect_success 'sha1 diff has no mode change' '
+	! grep mode diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff by tree:path (run)' '
+	run_diff HEAD:one HEAD:two
+'
+test_expect_success 'index of tree:path diff' '
+	check_index $sha1_one $sha1_two
+'
+test_expect_success 'tree:path diff uses filenames as paths' '
+	check_paths one two
+'
+test_expect_success 'tree:path diff shows mode change' '
+	check_mode 100644 100755
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff by ranged tree:path' '
+	run_diff HEAD:one..HEAD:two
+'
+test_expect_success 'index of ranged tree:path diff' '
+	check_index $sha1_one $sha1_two
+'
+test_expect_success 'ranged tree:path diff uses filenames as paths' '
+	check_paths one two
+'
+test_expect_success 'ranged tree:path diff shows mode change' '
+	check_mode 100644 100755
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff blob against file' '
+	run_diff HEAD:one two
+'
+test_expect_success 'index of blob-file diff' '
+	check_index $sha1_one $sha1_two
+'
+test_expect_success 'blob-file diff uses filename as paths' '
+	check_paths one two
+'
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'blob-file diff shows mode change' '
+	check_mode 100644 100755
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blob-file diff prefers filename to sha1' '
+	run_diff $sha1_one two &&
+	check_paths two two
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4064-diff-oidfind.sh b/t/t4064-diff-oidfind.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3bdf317af8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4064-diff-oidfind.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test finding specific blobs in the revision walking'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup ' '
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "empty initial commit" &&
+
+	echo "Hello, world!" >greeting &&
+	git add greeting &&
+	git commit -m "add the greeting blob" && # borrowed from Git from the Bottom Up
+	git tag -m "the blob" greeting $(git rev-parse HEAD:greeting) &&
+
+	echo asdf >unrelated &&
+	git add unrelated &&
+	git commit -m "unrelated history" &&
+
+	git revert HEAD^ &&
+
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "another unrelated commit"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'find the greeting blob' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	Revert "add the greeting blob"
+	add the greeting blob
+	EOF
+
+	git log --format=%s --find-object=greeting^{blob} >actual &&
+
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup a tree' '
+	mkdir a &&
+	echo asdf >a/file &&
+	git add a/file &&
+	git commit -m "add a file in a subdirectory"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'find a tree' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	add a file in a subdirectory
+	EOF
+
+	git log --format=%s -t --find-object=HEAD:a >actual &&
+
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup a submodule' '
+	test_create_repo sub &&
+	test_commit -C sub sub &&
+	git submodule add ./sub sub &&
+	git commit -a -m "add sub"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'find a submodule' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	add sub
+	EOF
+
+	git log --format=%s --find-object=HEAD:sub >actual &&
+
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4065-diff-anchored.sh b/t/t4065-diff-anchored.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b3f510f040
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4065-diff-anchored.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='anchored diff algorithm'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success '--anchored' '
+	printf "a\nb\nc\n" >pre &&
+	printf "c\na\nb\n" >post &&
+
+	# normally, c is moved to produce the smallest diff
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff --no-index pre post >diff &&
+	grep "^+c" diff &&
+
+	# with anchor, a is moved
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff --no-index --anchored=c pre post >diff &&
+	grep "^+a" diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--anchored multiple' '
+	printf "a\nb\nc\nd\ne\nf\n" >pre &&
+	printf "c\na\nb\nf\nd\ne\n" >post &&
+
+	# with 1 anchor, c is not moved, but f is moved
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff --no-index --anchored=c pre post >diff &&
+	grep "^+a" diff && # a is moved instead of c
+	grep "^+f" diff &&
+
+	# with 2 anchors, c and f are not moved
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff --no-index --anchored=c --anchored=f pre post >diff &&
+	grep "^+a" diff &&
+	grep "^+d" diff # d is moved instead of f
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--anchored with nonexistent line has no effect' '
+	printf "a\nb\nc\n" >pre &&
+	printf "c\na\nb\n" >post &&
+
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff --no-index --anchored=x pre post >diff &&
+	grep "^+c" diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--anchored with non-unique line has no effect' '
+	printf "a\nb\nc\nd\ne\nc\n" >pre &&
+	printf "c\na\nb\nc\nd\ne\n" >post &&
+
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff --no-index --anchored=c pre post >diff &&
+	grep "^+c" diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff still produced with impossible multiple --anchored' '
+	printf "a\nb\nc\n" >pre &&
+	printf "c\na\nb\n" >post &&
+
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff --no-index --anchored=a --anchored=c pre post >diff &&
+	mv post expected_post &&
+
+	# Ensure that the diff is correct by applying it and then
+	# comparing the result with the original
+	git apply diff &&
+	diff expected_post post
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'later algorithm arguments override earlier ones' '
+	printf "a\nb\nc\n" >pre &&
+	printf "c\na\nb\n" >post &&
+
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff --no-index --patience --anchored=c pre post >diff &&
+	grep "^+a" diff &&
+
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff --no-index --anchored=c --patience pre post >diff &&
+	grep "^+c" diff &&
+
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff --no-index --histogram --anchored=c pre post >diff &&
+	grep "^+a" diff &&
+
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff --no-index --anchored=c --histogram pre post >diff &&
+	grep "^+c" diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--anchored works with other commands like "git show"' '
+	printf "a\nb\nc\n" >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m foo &&
+	printf "c\na\nb\n" >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m foo &&
+
+	# with anchor, a is moved
+	git show --patience --anchored=c >diff &&
+	grep "^+a" diff
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4107-apply-ignore-whitespace.sh b/t/t4107-apply-ignore-whitespace.sh
index 9e29b5262d..ac72eeaf27 100755
--- a/t/t4107-apply-ignore-whitespace.sh
+++ b/t/t4107-apply-ignore-whitespace.sh
@@ -178,4 +178,18 @@ test_expect_success 'patch5 fails (--no-ignore-whitespace)' '
 	test_must_fail git apply --no-ignore-whitespace patch5.patch
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'apply --ignore-space-change --inaccurate-eof' '
+	echo 1 >file &&
+	git apply --ignore-space-change --inaccurate-eof <<-\EOF &&
+	diff --git a/file b/file
+	--- a/file
+	+++ b/file
+	@@ -1 +1 @@
+	-1
+	+2
+	EOF
+	printf 2 >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4116-apply-reverse.sh b/t/t4116-apply-reverse.sh
index ce8567f496..b99e65c086 100755
--- a/t/t4116-apply-reverse.sh
+++ b/t/t4116-apply-reverse.sh
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ test_expect_success 'apply in reverse' '
 	git reset --hard second &&
 	git apply --reverse --binary --index patch &&
 	git diff >diff &&
-	test_cmp /dev/null diff
+	test_must_be_empty diff
 
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t4121-apply-diffs.sh b/t/t4121-apply-diffs.sh
index aff551a1d7..66368effd5 100755
--- a/t/t4121-apply-diffs.sh
+++ b/t/t4121-apply-diffs.sh
@@ -27,6 +27,6 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' \
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'check if contextually independent diffs for the same file apply' \
-	'( git diff test~2 test~1; git diff test~1 test~0 )| git apply'
+	'( git diff test~2 test~1 && git diff test~1 test~0 )| git apply'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh b/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh
index d350065f25..7e32237a2a 100755
--- a/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh
+++ b/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ test_expect_success 'whitespace=warn, default rule' '
 test_expect_success 'whitespace=error-all, default rule' '
 
 	test_must_fail apply_patch --whitespace=error-all &&
-	! test -s target
+	test_must_be_empty target
 
 '
 
@@ -467,21 +467,42 @@ test_expect_success 'same, but with CR-LF line endings && cr-at-eol set' '
 	test_cmp one expect
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'same, but with CR-LF line endings && cr-at-eol unset' '
+test_expect_success 'CR-LF line endings && add line && text=auto' '
 	git config --unset core.whitespace &&
 	printf "a\r\n" >one &&
+	cp one save-one &&
+	git add one &&
 	printf "b\r\n" >>one &&
-	printf "c\r\n" >>one &&
+	cp one expect &&
+	git diff -- one >patch &&
+	mv save-one one &&
+	echo "one text=auto" >.gitattributes &&
+	git apply patch &&
+	test_cmp one expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'CR-LF line endings && change line && text=auto' '
+	printf "a\r\n" >one &&
 	cp one save-one &&
-	printf "                 \r\n" >>one &&
 	git add one &&
+	printf "b\r\n" >one &&
 	cp one expect &&
-	printf "d\r\n" >>one &&
 	git diff -- one >patch &&
 	mv save-one one &&
-	echo d >>expect &&
+	echo "one text=auto" >.gitattributes &&
+	git apply patch &&
+	test_cmp one expect
+'
 
-	git apply --ignore-space-change --whitespace=fix patch &&
+test_expect_success 'LF in repo, CRLF in worktree && change line && text=auto' '
+	printf "a\n" >one &&
+	git add one &&
+	printf "b\r\n" >one &&
+	git diff -- one >patch &&
+	printf "a\r\n" >one &&
+	echo "one text=auto" >.gitattributes &&
+	git -c core.eol=CRLF apply patch &&
+	printf "b\r\n" >expect &&
 	test_cmp one expect
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t4129-apply-samemode.sh b/t/t4129-apply-samemode.sh
index c268298eaf..5cdd76dfa7 100755
--- a/t/t4129-apply-samemode.sh
+++ b/t/t4129-apply-samemode.sh
@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	echo modified >file &&
 	git diff --stat -p >patch-0.txt &&
 	chmod +x file &&
-	git diff --stat -p >patch-1.txt
+	git diff --stat -p >patch-1.txt &&
+	sed "s/^\(new mode \).*/\1/" <patch-1.txt >patch-empty-mode.txt &&
+	sed "s/^\(new mode \).*/\1garbage/" <patch-1.txt >patch-bogus-mode.txt
 '
 
 test_expect_success FILEMODE 'same mode (no index)' '
@@ -59,4 +61,16 @@ test_expect_success FILEMODE 'mode update (index only)' '
 	git ls-files -s file | grep "^100755"
 '
 
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'empty mode is rejected' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_must_fail git apply patch-empty-mode.txt 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "invalid mode" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'bogus mode is rejected' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_must_fail git apply patch-bogus-mode.txt 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "invalid mode" err
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4130-apply-criss-cross-rename.sh b/t/t4130-apply-criss-cross-rename.sh
index d173acde0f..f8a313bcb9 100755
--- a/t/t4130-apply-criss-cross-rename.sh
+++ b/t/t4130-apply-criss-cross-rename.sh
@@ -13,9 +13,13 @@ create_file() {
 }
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
-	create_file file1 "File1 contents" &&
-	create_file file2 "File2 contents" &&
-	create_file file3 "File3 contents" &&
+	# Ensure that file sizes are different, because on Windows
+	# lstat() does not discover inode numbers, and we need
+	# other properties to discover swapped files
+	# (mtime is not always different, either).
+	create_file file1 "some content" &&
+	create_file file2 "some other content" &&
+	create_file file3 "again something else" &&
 	git add file1 file2 file3 &&
 	git commit -m 1
 '
diff --git a/t/t4132-apply-removal.sh b/t/t4132-apply-removal.sh
index a2bc1cd37d..fec1d6fa51 100755
--- a/t/t4132-apply-removal.sh
+++ b/t/t4132-apply-removal.sh
@@ -49,8 +49,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	sed -e "s/TS0/$timeGMT/" -e "s/TS1/$epocGMT/" <d >removeGMT.patch &&
 	sed -e "s/TS0/$timeWest/" -e "s/TS1/$epocWest2/" <d >removeWest2.patch &&
 
-	echo something >something &&
-	>empty
+	echo something >something
 '
 
 for patch in *.patch
@@ -81,7 +80,7 @@ do
 			git add file &&
 			git apply --index $patch &&
 			test -f file &&
-			test_cmp empty file
+			test_must_be_empty file
 			;;
 		remove*)
 			# must remove the file
diff --git a/t/t4133-apply-filenames.sh b/t/t4133-apply-filenames.sh
index 2ecb4216b7..c5ed3b17c4 100755
--- a/t/t4133-apply-filenames.sh
+++ b/t/t4133-apply-filenames.sh
@@ -35,4 +35,28 @@ test_expect_success 'apply diff with inconsistent filenames in headers' '
 	test_i18ngrep "inconsistent old filename" err
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'apply diff with new filename missing from headers' '
+	cat >missing_new_filename.diff <<-\EOF &&
+	diff --git a/f b/f
+	index 0000000..d00491f
+	--- a/f
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+1
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git apply missing_new_filename.diff 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "lacks filename information" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply diff with old filename missing from headers' '
+	cat >missing_old_filename.diff <<-\EOF &&
+	diff --git a/f b/f
+	index d00491f..0000000
+	+++ b/f
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-1
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git apply missing_old_filename.diff 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "lacks filename information" err
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4135-apply-weird-filenames.sh b/t/t4135-apply-weird-filenames.sh
index bf5dc57286..6bc3fb97a7 100755
--- a/t/t4135-apply-weird-filenames.sh
+++ b/t/t4135-apply-weird-filenames.sh
@@ -15,14 +15,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 		git checkout -f preimage^0 &&
 		git read-tree -u --reset HEAD &&
 		git update-index --refresh
-	} &&
-
-	test_when_finished "rm -f \"tab	embedded.txt\"" &&
-	test_when_finished "rm -f '\''\"quoteembedded\".txt'\''" &&
-	if touch -- "tab	embedded.txt" '\''"quoteembedded".txt'\''
-	then
-		test_set_prereq FUNNYNAMES
-	fi
+	}
 '
 
 try_filename() {
@@ -88,4 +81,21 @@ test_expect_success 'traditional, whitespace-damaged, colon in timezone' '
 	test_cmp expected "post image.txt"
 '
 
+cat >diff-from-svn <<\EOF
+Index: Makefile
+===================================================================
+diff --git a/branches/Makefile
+deleted file mode 100644
+--- a/branches/Makefile	(revision 13)
++++ /dev/null	(nonexistent)
+@@ +1 0,0 @@
+-
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'apply handles a diff generated by Subversion' '
+	>Makefile &&
+	git apply -p2 diff-from-svn &&
+	test_path_is_missing Makefile
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4136-apply-check.sh b/t/t4136-apply-check.sh
index a321f7c245..6d92872318 100755
--- a/t/t4136-apply-check.sh
+++ b/t/t4136-apply-check.sh
@@ -16,4 +16,35 @@ test_expect_success 'apply --check exits non-zero with unrecognized input' '
 	EOF
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'apply exits non-zero with no-op patch' '
+	cat >input <<-\EOF &&
+	diff --get a/1 b/1
+	index 6696ea4..606eddd 100644
+	--- a/1
+	+++ b/1
+	@@ -1,1 +1,1 @@
+	 1
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git apply --stat input &&
+	test_must_fail git apply --check input
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'invalid combination: create and copy' '
+	test_must_fail git apply --check - <<-\EOF
+	diff --git a/1 b/2
+	new file mode 100644
+	copy from 1
+	copy to 2
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'invalid combination: create and rename' '
+	test_must_fail git apply --check - <<-\EOF
+	diff --git a/1 b/2
+	new file mode 100644
+	rename from 1
+	rename to 2
+	EOF
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4150-am.sh b/t/t4150-am.sh
index 306e6f39ac..55b577d919 100755
--- a/t/t4150-am.sh
+++ b/t/t4150-am.sh
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ test_expect_success 'setup: messages' '
 	dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio
 	dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te
 	feugait nulla facilisi.
+
+	Reported-by: A N Other <a.n.other@example.com>
 	EOF
 
 	cat >failmail <<-\EOF &&
@@ -67,6 +69,21 @@ test_expect_success 'setup: messages' '
 
 	EOF
 
+	cat >msg-without-scissors-line <<-\EOF &&
+	Test that git-am --scissors cuts at the scissors line
+
+	This line should be included in the commit message.
+	EOF
+
+	printf "Subject: " >subject-prefix &&
+
+	cat - subject-prefix msg-without-scissors-line >msg-with-scissors-line <<-\EOF &&
+	This line should not be included in the commit message with --scissors enabled.
+
+	 - - >8 - - remove everything above this line - - >8 - -
+
+	EOF
+
 	signoff="Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>"
 '
 
@@ -80,7 +97,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	echo world >>file &&
 	git add file &&
 	test_tick &&
-	git commit -s -F msg &&
+	git commit -F msg &&
 	git tag second &&
 
 	git format-patch --stdout first >patch1 &&
@@ -104,6 +121,47 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 		echo "X-Fake-Field: Line Three" &&
 		git format-patch --stdout first | sed -e "1d"
 	} > patch1-ws.eml &&
+	{
+		sed -ne "1p" msg &&
+		echo &&
+		echo "From: $GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL>" &&
+		echo "Date: $GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" &&
+		echo &&
+		sed -e "1,2d" msg &&
+		echo "---" &&
+		git diff-tree --no-commit-id --stat -p second
+	} >patch1-stgit.eml &&
+	mkdir stgit-series &&
+	cp patch1-stgit.eml stgit-series/patch &&
+	{
+		echo "# This series applies on GIT commit $(git rev-parse first)" &&
+		echo "patch"
+	} >stgit-series/series &&
+	{
+		echo "# HG changeset patch" &&
+		echo "# User $GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL>" &&
+		echo "# Date $test_tick 25200" &&
+		echo "#      $(git show --pretty="%aD" -s second)" &&
+		echo "# Node ID $ZERO_OID" &&
+		echo "# Parent  $ZERO_OID" &&
+		cat msg &&
+		echo &&
+		git diff-tree --no-commit-id -p second
+	} >patch1-hg.eml &&
+
+
+	echo file >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -F msg-without-scissors-line &&
+	git tag expected-for-scissors &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+
+	echo file >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -F msg-with-scissors-line &&
+	git tag expected-for-no-scissors &&
+	git format-patch --stdout expected-for-no-scissors^ >patch-with-scissors-line.eml &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
 
 	sed -n -e "3,\$p" msg >file &&
 	git add file &&
@@ -154,6 +212,18 @@ test_expect_success 'am applies patch correctly' '
 	test "$(git rev-parse second^)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^)"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'am fails if index is dirty' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f dirtyfile" &&
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout first &&
+	echo dirtyfile >dirtyfile &&
+	git add dirtyfile &&
+	test_must_fail git am patch1 &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test_cmp_rev first HEAD
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'am applies patch e-mail not in a mbox' '
 	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
 	git reset --hard &&
@@ -187,6 +257,183 @@ test_expect_success 'am applies patch e-mail with preceding whitespace' '
 	test "$(git rev-parse second^)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^)"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'am applies stgit patch' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git checkout -f first &&
+	git am patch1-stgit.eml &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git diff --exit-code second &&
+	test_cmp_rev second HEAD &&
+	test_cmp_rev second^ HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --patch-format=stgit applies stgit patch' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git checkout -f first &&
+	git am --patch-format=stgit <patch1-stgit.eml &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git diff --exit-code second &&
+	test_cmp_rev second HEAD &&
+	test_cmp_rev second^ HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am applies stgit series' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git checkout -f first &&
+	git am stgit-series/series &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git diff --exit-code second &&
+	test_cmp_rev second HEAD &&
+	test_cmp_rev second^ HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am applies hg patch' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git checkout -f first &&
+	git am patch1-hg.eml &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git diff --exit-code second &&
+	test_cmp_rev second HEAD &&
+	test_cmp_rev second^ HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --patch-format=hg applies hg patch' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git checkout -f first &&
+	git am --patch-format=hg <patch1-hg.eml &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git diff --exit-code second &&
+	test_cmp_rev second HEAD &&
+	test_cmp_rev second^ HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am with applypatch-msg hook' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/hooks/applypatch-msg" &&
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout first &&
+	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+	write_script .git/hooks/applypatch-msg <<-\EOF &&
+	cat "$1" >actual-msg &&
+	echo hook-message >"$1"
+	EOF
+	git am patch1 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git diff --exit-code second &&
+	echo hook-message >expected &&
+	git log -1 --format=format:%B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	git log -1 --format=format:%B second >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual-msg
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am with failing applypatch-msg hook' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/hooks/applypatch-msg" &&
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout first &&
+	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+	write_script .git/hooks/applypatch-msg <<-\EOF &&
+	exit 1
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git am patch1 &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git diff --exit-code first &&
+	test_cmp_rev first HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am with pre-applypatch hook' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/hooks/pre-applypatch" &&
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout first &&
+	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+	write_script .git/hooks/pre-applypatch <<-\EOF &&
+	git diff first >diff.actual
+	exit 0
+	EOF
+	git am patch1 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git diff --exit-code second &&
+	test_cmp_rev second HEAD &&
+	git diff first..second >diff.expected &&
+	test_cmp diff.expected diff.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am with failing pre-applypatch hook' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/hooks/pre-applypatch" &&
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout first &&
+	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+	write_script .git/hooks/pre-applypatch <<-\EOF &&
+	exit 1
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git am patch1 &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git diff --exit-code second &&
+	test_cmp_rev first HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am with post-applypatch hook' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/hooks/post-applypatch" &&
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout first &&
+	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+	write_script .git/hooks/post-applypatch <<-\EOF &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD >head.actual
+	git diff second >diff.actual
+	exit 0
+	EOF
+	git am patch1 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test_cmp_rev second HEAD &&
+	git rev-parse second >head.expected &&
+	test_cmp head.expected head.actual &&
+	git diff second >diff.expected &&
+	test_cmp diff.expected diff.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am with failing post-applypatch hook' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/hooks/post-applypatch" &&
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout first &&
+	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+	write_script .git/hooks/post-applypatch <<-\EOF &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD >head.actual
+	exit 1
+	EOF
+	git am patch1 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git diff --exit-code second &&
+	test_cmp_rev second HEAD &&
+	git rev-parse second >head.expected &&
+	test_cmp head.expected head.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --scissors cuts the message at the scissors line' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout second &&
+	git am --scissors patch-with-scissors-line.eml &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git diff --exit-code expected-for-scissors &&
+	test_cmp_rev expected-for-scissors HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --no-scissors overrides mailinfo.scissors' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout second &&
+	test_config mailinfo.scissors true &&
+	git am --no-scissors patch-with-scissors-line.eml &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git diff --exit-code expected-for-no-scissors &&
+	test_cmp_rev expected-for-no-scissors HEAD
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup: new author and committer' '
 	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="Another Thor" &&
 	GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="a.thor@example.com" &&
@@ -222,13 +469,15 @@ test_expect_success 'am --signoff adds Signed-off-by: line' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git checkout -b master2 first &&
 	git am --signoff <patch2 &&
-	printf "%s\n" "$signoff" >expected &&
-	echo "Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>" >>expected &&
-	git cat-file commit HEAD^ | grep "Signed-off-by:" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual &&
-	echo "Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>" >expected &&
-	git cat-file commit HEAD | grep "Signed-off-by:" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	{
+		printf "third\n\nSigned-off-by: %s <%s>\n\n" \
+			"$GIT_COMMITTER_NAME" "$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL" &&
+		cat msg &&
+		printf "Signed-off-by: %s <%s>\n\n" \
+			"$GIT_COMMITTER_NAME" "$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL"
+	} >expected-log &&
+	git log --pretty=%B -2 HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected-log actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'am stays in branch' '
@@ -238,17 +487,60 @@ test_expect_success 'am stays in branch' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'am --signoff does not add Signed-off-by: line if already there' '
-	git format-patch --stdout HEAD^ >patch3 &&
-	sed -e "/^Subject/ s,\[PATCH,Re: Re: Re: & 1/5 v2] [foo," patch3 >patch4 &&
-	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
-	git reset --hard &&
-	git checkout HEAD^ &&
-	git am --signoff patch4 &&
-	git cat-file commit HEAD >actual &&
-	test $(grep -c "^Signed-off-by:" actual) -eq 1
+	git format-patch --stdout first >patch3 &&
+	git reset --hard first &&
+	git am --signoff <patch3 &&
+	git log --pretty=%B -2 HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected-log actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --signoff adds Signed-off-by: if another author is preset' '
+	NAME="A N Other" &&
+	EMAIL="a.n.other@example.com" &&
+	{
+		printf "third\n\nSigned-off-by: %s <%s>\nSigned-off-by: %s <%s>\n\n" \
+			"$GIT_COMMITTER_NAME" "$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL" \
+			"$NAME" "$EMAIL" &&
+		cat msg &&
+		printf "Signed-off-by: %s <%s>\nSigned-off-by: %s <%s>\n\n" \
+			"$GIT_COMMITTER_NAME" "$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL" \
+			"$NAME" "$EMAIL"
+	} >expected-log &&
+	git reset --hard first &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_NAME="$NAME" GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL="$EMAIL" \
+		git am --signoff <patch3 &&
+	git log --pretty=%B -2 HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected-log actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --signoff duplicates Signed-off-by: if it is not the last one' '
+	NAME="A N Other" &&
+	EMAIL="a.n.other@example.com" &&
+	{
+		printf "third\n\nSigned-off-by: %s <%s>\n\
+Signed-off-by: %s <%s>\nSigned-off-by: %s <%s>\n\n" \
+			"$GIT_COMMITTER_NAME" "$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL" \
+			"$NAME" "$EMAIL" \
+			"$GIT_COMMITTER_NAME" "$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL" &&
+		cat msg &&
+		printf "Signed-off-by: %s <%s>\nSigned-off-by: %s <%s>\n\
+Signed-off-by: %s <%s>\n\n" \
+			"$GIT_COMMITTER_NAME" "$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL" \
+			"$NAME" "$EMAIL" \
+			"$GIT_COMMITTER_NAME" "$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL"
+	} >expected-log &&
+	git format-patch --stdout first >patch3 &&
+	git reset --hard first &&
+	git am --signoff <patch3 &&
+	git log --pretty=%B -2 HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected-log actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'am without --keep removes Re: and [PATCH] stuff' '
+	git format-patch --stdout HEAD^ >tmp &&
+	sed -e "/^Subject/ s,\[PATCH,Re: Re: Re: & 1/5 v2] [foo," tmp >patch4 &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	git am <patch4 &&
 	git rev-parse HEAD >expected &&
 	git rev-parse master2 >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -274,15 +566,21 @@ test_expect_success 'am --keep-non-patch really keeps the non-patch part' '
 	grep "^\[foo\] third" actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'am -3 falls back to 3-way merge' '
+test_expect_success 'setup am -3' '
 	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
 	git reset --hard &&
-	git checkout -b lorem2 master2 &&
+	git checkout -b base3way master2 &&
 	sed -n -e "3,\$p" msg >file &&
 	head -n 9 msg >>file &&
 	git add file &&
 	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m "copied stuff" &&
+	git commit -m "copied stuff"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am -3 falls back to 3-way merge' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -b lorem2 base3way &&
 	git am -3 lorem-move.patch &&
 	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply &&
 	git diff --exit-code lorem
@@ -291,17 +589,31 @@ test_expect_success 'am -3 falls back to 3-way merge' '
 test_expect_success 'am -3 -p0 can read --no-prefix patch' '
 	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
 	git reset --hard &&
-	git checkout -b lorem3 master2 &&
-	sed -n -e "3,\$p" msg >file &&
-	head -n 9 msg >>file &&
-	git add file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m "copied stuff" &&
+	git checkout -b lorem3 base3way &&
 	git am -3 -p0 lorem-zero.patch &&
 	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply &&
 	git diff --exit-code lorem
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'am with config am.threeWay falls back to 3-way merge' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -b lorem4 base3way &&
+	test_config am.threeWay 1 &&
+	git am lorem-move.patch &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git diff --exit-code lorem
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am with config am.threeWay overridden by --no-3way' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -b lorem5 base3way &&
+	test_config am.threeWay 1 &&
+	test_must_fail git am --no-3way lorem-move.patch &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'am can rename a file' '
 	grep "^rename from" rename.patch &&
 	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
@@ -338,14 +650,9 @@ test_expect_success 'am -3 can rename a file after falling back to 3-way merge'
 test_expect_success 'am -3 -q is quiet' '
 	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
 	git checkout -f lorem2 &&
-	git reset master2 --hard &&
-	sed -n -e "3,\$p" msg >file &&
-	head -n 9 msg >>file &&
-	git add file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m "copied stuff" &&
+	git reset base3way --hard &&
 	git am -3 -q lorem-move.patch >output.out 2>&1 &&
-	! test -s output.out
+	test_must_be_empty output.out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'am pauses on conflict' '
@@ -356,6 +663,11 @@ test_expect_success 'am pauses on conflict' '
 	test -d .git/rebase-apply
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'am --show-current-patch' '
+	git am --show-current-patch >actual.patch &&
+	test_cmp .git/rebase-apply/0001 actual.patch
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'am --skip works' '
 	echo goodbye >expected &&
 	git am --skip &&
@@ -370,6 +682,20 @@ test_expect_success 'am --abort removes a stray directory' '
 	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'am refuses patches when paused' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout lorem2^^ &&
+
+	test_must_fail git am lorem-move.patch &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test_cmp_rev lorem2^^ HEAD &&
+
+	test_must_fail git am <lorem-move.patch &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test_cmp_rev lorem2^^ HEAD
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'am --resolved works' '
 	echo goodbye >expected &&
 	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
@@ -384,6 +710,31 @@ test_expect_success 'am --resolved works' '
 	test_cmp expected another
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'am --resolved fails if index has no changes' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout lorem2^^ &&
+	test_must_fail git am lorem-move.patch &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test_cmp_rev lorem2^^ HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git am --resolved &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test_cmp_rev lorem2^^ HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --resolved fails if index has unmerged entries' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout second &&
+	test_must_fail git am -3 lorem-move.patch &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test_cmp_rev second HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git am --resolved >err &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test_cmp_rev second HEAD &&
+	test_i18ngrep "still have unmerged paths" err
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'am takes patches from a Pine mailbox' '
 	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
 	git reset --hard &&
@@ -524,7 +875,7 @@ test_expect_success 'am -q is quiet' '
 	git checkout first &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git am -q <patch1 >output.out 2>&1 &&
-	! test -s output.out
+	test_must_be_empty output.out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'am empty-file does not infloop' '
@@ -548,6 +899,18 @@ test_expect_success 'am --message-id really adds the message id' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'am.messageid really adds the message id' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	test_config am.messageid true &&
+	git am patch1.eml &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | tail -n1 >actual &&
+	grep Message-Id patch1.eml >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'am --message-id -s signs off after the message id' '
 	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
 	git reset --hard &&
@@ -559,4 +922,145 @@ test_expect_success 'am --message-id -s signs off after the message id' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'am -3 works with rerere' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	# make patches one->two and two->three...
+	test_commit one file &&
+	test_commit two file &&
+	test_commit three file &&
+	git format-patch -2 --stdout >seq.patch &&
+
+	# and create a situation that conflicts...
+	git reset --hard one &&
+	test_commit other file &&
+
+	# enable rerere...
+	test_config rerere.enabled true &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf .git/rr-cache" &&
+
+	# ...and apply. Our resolution is to skip the first
+	# patch, and the rerere the second one.
+	test_must_fail git am -3 seq.patch &&
+	test_must_fail git am --skip &&
+	echo resolved >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git am --resolved &&
+
+	# now apply again, and confirm that rerere engaged (we still
+	# expect failure from am because rerere does not auto-commit
+	# for us).
+	git reset --hard other &&
+	test_must_fail git am -3 seq.patch &&
+	test_must_fail git am --skip &&
+	echo resolved >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am -s unexpected trailer block' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo signed >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	cat >msg <<-EOF &&
+	subject here
+
+	Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>
+	[jc: tweaked log message]
+	Signed-off-by: J C H <j@c.h>
+	EOF
+	git commit -F msg &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e '1,/^$/d' >original &&
+	git format-patch --stdout -1 >patch &&
+
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	git am -s patch &&
+	(
+		cat original &&
+		echo "Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>"
+	) >expect &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e '1,/^$/d' >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	cat >msg <<-\EOF &&
+	subject here
+
+	We make sure that there is a blank line between the log
+	message proper and Signed-off-by: line added.
+	EOF
+	git reset HEAD^ &&
+	git commit -F msg file &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e '1,/^$/d' >original &&
+	git format-patch --stdout -1 >patch &&
+
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	git am -s patch &&
+
+	(
+		cat original &&
+		echo &&
+		echo "Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>"
+	) >expect &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e '1,/^$/d' >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --patch-format=mboxrd handles mboxrd' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git checkout -f first &&
+	echo mboxrd >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	cat >msg <<-\INPUT_END &&
+	mboxrd should escape the body
+
+	From could trip up a loose mbox parser
+	>From extra escape for reversibility
+	INPUT_END
+	git commit -F msg &&
+	git format-patch --pretty=mboxrd --stdout -1 >mboxrd1 &&
+	grep "^>From could trip up a loose mbox parser" mboxrd1 &&
+	git checkout -f first &&
+	git am --patch-format=mboxrd mboxrd1 &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | tail -n4 >out &&
+	test_cmp msg out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am works with multi-line in-body headers' '
+	FORTY="String that has a length of more than forty characters" &&
+	LONG="$FORTY $FORTY" &&
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git checkout -f first &&
+	echo one >> file &&
+	git commit -am "$LONG
+
+    Body test" --author="$LONG <long@example.com>" &&
+	git format-patch --stdout -1 >patch &&
+	# bump from, date, and subject down to in-body header
+	perl -lpe "
+		if (/^From:/) {
+			print \"From: x <x\@example.com>\";
+			print \"Date: Sat, 1 Jan 2000 00:00:00 +0000\";
+			print \"Subject: x\n\";
+		}
+	" patch >msg &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	git am msg &&
+	# Ensure that the author and full message are present
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | grep "^author.*long@example.com" &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | grep "^$LONG$"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --quit keeps HEAD where it is' '
+	mkdir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	>.git/rebase-apply/last &&
+	>.git/rebase-apply/next &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD^ >.git/ORIG_HEAD &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD >expected &&
+	git am --quit &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4151-am-abort.sh b/t/t4151-am-abort.sh
index 1176bcccf3..9d8d3c72e7 100755
--- a/t/t4151-am-abort.sh
+++ b/t/t4151-am-abort.sh
@@ -14,13 +14,14 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git add file-1 file-2 &&
 	git commit -m initial &&
 	git tag initial &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --root initial >initial.patch &&
 	for i in 2 3 4 5 6
 	do
 		echo $i >>file-1 &&
 		echo $i >otherfile-$i &&
 		git add otherfile-$i &&
 		test_tick &&
-		git commit -a -m $i || break
+		git commit -a -m $i || return 1
 	done &&
 	git format-patch --no-numbered initial &&
 	git checkout -b side initial &&
@@ -45,9 +46,8 @@ do
 
 	test_expect_success "am$with3 --skip continue after failed am$with3" '
 		test_must_fail git am$with3 --skip >output &&
-		test_i18ngrep "^Applying" output >output.applying &&
-		test_i18ngrep "^Applying: 6$" output.applying &&
-		test_i18ncmp file-2-expect file-2 &&
+		test_i18ngrep "^Applying: 6$" output &&
+		test_cmp file-2-expect file-2 &&
 		test ! -f .git/MERGE_RR
 	'
 
@@ -63,6 +63,28 @@ do
 
 done
 
+test_expect_success 'am -3 --skip removes otherfile-4' '
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_must_fail git am -3 0003-*.patch &&
+	test 3 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
+	test 4 = "$(cat otherfile-4)" &&
+	git am --skip &&
+	test_cmp_rev initial HEAD &&
+	test -z "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+	test_path_is_missing otherfile-4
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am -3 --abort removes otherfile-4' '
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_must_fail git am -3 0003-*.patch &&
+	test 3 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
+	test 4 = "$(cat otherfile-4)" &&
+	git am --abort &&
+	test_cmp_rev initial HEAD &&
+	test -z "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+	test_path_is_missing otherfile-4
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'am --abort will keep the local commits intact' '
 	test_must_fail git am 0004-*.patch &&
 	test_commit unrelated &&
@@ -72,4 +94,101 @@ test_expect_success 'am --abort will keep the local commits intact' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'am --abort will keep dirty index intact' '
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	echo dirtyfile >dirtyfile &&
+	cp dirtyfile dirtyfile.expected &&
+	git add dirtyfile &&
+	test_must_fail git am 0001-*.patch &&
+	test_cmp_rev initial HEAD &&
+	test_path_is_file dirtyfile &&
+	test_cmp dirtyfile.expected dirtyfile &&
+	git am --abort &&
+	test_cmp_rev initial HEAD &&
+	test_path_is_file dirtyfile &&
+	test_cmp dirtyfile.expected dirtyfile
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am -3 stops on conflict on unborn branch' '
+	git checkout -f --orphan orphan &&
+	git reset &&
+	rm -f otherfile-4 &&
+	test_must_fail git am -3 0003-*.patch &&
+	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
+	test 4 = "$(cat otherfile-4)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am -3 --skip clears index on unborn branch' '
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	echo tmpfile >tmpfile &&
+	git add tmpfile &&
+	git am --skip &&
+	test -z "$(git ls-files)" &&
+	test_path_is_missing otherfile-4 &&
+	test_path_is_missing tmpfile
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am -3 --abort removes otherfile-4 on unborn branch' '
+	git checkout -f --orphan orphan &&
+	git reset &&
+	rm -f otherfile-4 file-1 &&
+	test_must_fail git am -3 0003-*.patch &&
+	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
+	test 4 = "$(cat otherfile-4)" &&
+	git am --abort &&
+	test -z "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+	test_path_is_missing otherfile-4
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am -3 --abort on unborn branch removes applied commits' '
+	git checkout -f --orphan orphan &&
+	git reset &&
+	rm -f otherfile-4 otherfile-2 file-1 file-2 &&
+	test_must_fail git am -3 initial.patch 0003-*.patch &&
+	test 3 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
+	test 4 = "$(cat otherfile-4)" &&
+	git am --abort &&
+	test -z "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+	test_path_is_missing otherfile-4 &&
+	test_path_is_missing file-1 &&
+	test_path_is_missing file-2 &&
+	test 0 -eq $(git log --oneline 2>/dev/null | wc -l) &&
+	test refs/heads/orphan = "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --abort on unborn branch will keep local commits intact' '
+	git checkout -f --orphan orphan &&
+	git reset &&
+	test_must_fail git am 0004-*.patch &&
+	test_commit unrelated2 &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD >expect &&
+	git am --abort &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --skip leaves index stat info alone' '
+	git checkout -f --orphan skip-stat-info &&
+	git reset &&
+	test_commit skip-should-be-untouched &&
+	test-tool chmtime =0 skip-should-be-untouched.t &&
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	git diff-files --exit-code --quiet &&
+	test_must_fail git am 0001-*.patch &&
+	git am --skip &&
+	git diff-files --exit-code --quiet
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --abort leaves index stat info alone' '
+	git checkout -f --orphan abort-stat-info &&
+	git reset &&
+	test_commit abort-should-be-untouched &&
+	test-tool chmtime =0 abort-should-be-untouched.t &&
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	git diff-files --exit-code --quiet &&
+	test_must_fail git am 0001-*.patch &&
+	git am --abort &&
+	git diff-files --exit-code --quiet
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4153-am-resume-override-opts.sh b/t/t4153-am-resume-override-opts.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..8ea22d1bcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4153-am-resume-override-opts.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git-am command-line options override saved options'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
+
+format_patch () {
+	git format-patch --stdout -1 "$1" >"$1".eml
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit initial file &&
+	test_commit first file &&
+
+	git checkout initial &&
+	git mv file file2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m renamed-file &&
+	git tag renamed-file &&
+
+	git checkout -b side initial &&
+	test_commit side1 file &&
+	test_commit side2 file &&
+
+	format_patch side1 &&
+	format_patch side2
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY '--3way overrides --no-3way' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout renamed-file &&
+
+	# Applying side1 will fail as the file has been renamed.
+	test_must_fail git am --no-3way side[12].eml &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test_cmp_rev renamed-file HEAD &&
+	test -z "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+
+	# Applying side1 with am --3way will succeed due to the threeway-merge.
+	# Applying side2 will fail as --3way does not apply to it.
+	test_must_fail test_terminal git am --3way </dev/zero &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test side1 = "$(cat file2)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-quiet overrides --quiet' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout first &&
+
+	# Applying side1 will be quiet.
+	test_must_fail git am --quiet side[123].eml >out &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "^Applying: " out &&
+	echo side1 >file &&
+	git add file &&
+
+	# Applying side1 will not be quiet.
+	# Applying side2 will be quiet.
+	git am --no-quiet --continue >out &&
+	echo "Applying: side1" >expected &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected out
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--signoff overrides --no-signoff' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout first &&
+
+	test_must_fail git am --no-signoff side[12].eml &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	echo side1 >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git am --signoff --continue &&
+
+	# Applied side1 will be signed off
+	echo "Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>" >expected &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD^ | grep "Signed-off-by:" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	# Applied side2 will not be signed off
+	test $(git cat-file commit HEAD | grep -c "Signed-off-by:") -eq 0
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY '--reject overrides --no-reject' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout first &&
+	rm -f file.rej &&
+
+	test_must_fail git am --no-reject side1.eml &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test_path_is_missing file.rej &&
+
+	test_must_fail test_terminal git am --reject </dev/zero &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test_path_is_file file.rej
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4200-rerere.sh b/t/t4200-rerere.sh
index ed9c91e25b..65da74c766 100755
--- a/t/t4200-rerere.sh
+++ b/t/t4200-rerere.sh
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ test_expect_success 'first postimage wins' '
 	git commit -q -a -m "prefer first over second" &&
 	test -f $rr/postimage &&
 
-	oldmtimepost=$(test-chmtime -v -60 $rr/postimage | cut -f 1) &&
+	oldmtimepost=$(test-tool chmtime --get -60 $rr/postimage) &&
 
 	git checkout -b third master &&
 	git show second^:a1 | sed "s/To die: t/To die! T/" >a1 &&
@@ -179,17 +179,32 @@ test_expect_success 'first postimage wins' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rerere updates postimage timestamp' '
-	newmtimepost=$(test-chmtime -v +0 $rr/postimage | cut -f 1) &&
+	newmtimepost=$(test-tool chmtime --get $rr/postimage) &&
 	test $oldmtimepost -lt $newmtimepost
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rerere clear' '
-	rm $rr/postimage &&
+	mv $rr/postimage .git/post-saved &&
 	echo "$sha1	a1" | perl -pe "y/\012/\000/" >.git/MERGE_RR &&
 	git rerere clear &&
 	! test -d $rr
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'leftover directory' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	mkdir -p $rr &&
+	test_must_fail git merge first &&
+	test -f $rr/preimage
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'missing preimage' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	mkdir -p $rr &&
+	cp .git/post-saved $rr/postimage &&
+	test_must_fail git merge first &&
+	test -f $rr/preimage
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'set up for garbage collection tests' '
 	mkdir -p $rr &&
 	echo Hello >$rr/preimage &&
@@ -205,9 +220,9 @@ test_expect_success 'set up for garbage collection tests' '
 	almost_60_days_ago=$((60-60*86400)) &&
 	just_over_60_days_ago=$((-1-60*86400)) &&
 
-	test-chmtime =$just_over_60_days_ago $rr/preimage &&
-	test-chmtime =$almost_60_days_ago $rr/postimage &&
-	test-chmtime =$almost_15_days_ago $rr2/preimage
+	test-tool chmtime =$just_over_60_days_ago $rr/preimage &&
+	test-tool chmtime =$almost_60_days_ago $rr/postimage &&
+	test-tool chmtime =$almost_15_days_ago $rr2/preimage
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'gc preserves young or recently used records' '
@@ -217,13 +232,49 @@ test_expect_success 'gc preserves young or recently used records' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'old records rest in peace' '
-	test-chmtime =$just_over_60_days_ago $rr/postimage &&
-	test-chmtime =$just_over_15_days_ago $rr2/preimage &&
+	test-tool chmtime =$just_over_60_days_ago $rr/postimage &&
+	test-tool chmtime =$just_over_15_days_ago $rr2/preimage &&
 	git rerere gc &&
 	! test -f $rr/preimage &&
 	! test -f $rr2/preimage
 '
 
+rerere_gc_custom_expiry_test () {
+	five_days="$1" right_now="$2"
+	test_expect_success "rerere gc with custom expiry ($five_days, $right_now)" '
+		rm -fr .git/rr-cache &&
+		rr=.git/rr-cache/$ZERO_OID &&
+		mkdir -p "$rr" &&
+		>"$rr/preimage" &&
+		>"$rr/postimage" &&
+
+		two_days_ago=$((-2*86400)) &&
+		test-tool chmtime =$two_days_ago "$rr/preimage" &&
+		test-tool chmtime =$two_days_ago "$rr/postimage" &&
+
+		find .git/rr-cache -type f | sort >original &&
+
+		git -c "gc.rerereresolved=$five_days" \
+		    -c "gc.rerereunresolved=$five_days" rerere gc &&
+		find .git/rr-cache -type f | sort >actual &&
+		test_cmp original actual &&
+
+		git -c "gc.rerereresolved=$five_days" \
+		    -c "gc.rerereunresolved=$right_now" rerere gc &&
+		find .git/rr-cache -type f | sort >actual &&
+		test_cmp original actual &&
+
+		git -c "gc.rerereresolved=$right_now" \
+		    -c "gc.rerereunresolved=$right_now" rerere gc &&
+		find .git/rr-cache -type f | sort >actual &&
+		test_must_be_empty actual
+	'
+}
+
+rerere_gc_custom_expiry_test 5 0
+
+rerere_gc_custom_expiry_test 5.days.ago now
+
 test_expect_success 'setup: file2 added differently in two branches' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 
@@ -391,4 +442,139 @@ test_expect_success 'rerere -h' '
 	test_i18ngrep [Uu]sage help
 '
 
+concat_insert () {
+	last=$1
+	shift
+	cat early && printf "%s\n" "$@" && cat late "$last"
+}
+
+count_pre_post () {
+	find .git/rr-cache/ -type f -name "preimage*" >actual &&
+	test_line_count = "$1" actual &&
+	find .git/rr-cache/ -type f -name "postimage*" >actual &&
+	test_line_count = "$2" actual
+}
+
+merge_conflict_resolve () {
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_must_fail git merge six.1 &&
+	# Resolution is to replace 7 with 6.1 and 6.2 (i.e. take both)
+	concat_insert short 6.1 6.2 >file1 &&
+	concat_insert long 6.1 6.2 >file2
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple identical conflicts' '
+	rm -fr .git/rr-cache &&
+	mkdir .git/rr-cache &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	test_seq 1 6 >early &&
+	>late &&
+	test_seq 11 15 >short &&
+	test_seq 111 120 >long &&
+	concat_insert short >file1 &&
+	concat_insert long >file2 &&
+	git add file1 file2 &&
+	git commit -m base &&
+	git tag base &&
+	git checkout -b six.1 &&
+	concat_insert short 6.1 >file1 &&
+	concat_insert long 6.1 >file2 &&
+	git add file1 file2 &&
+	git commit -m 6.1 &&
+	git checkout -b six.2 HEAD^ &&
+	concat_insert short 6.2 >file1 &&
+	concat_insert long 6.2 >file2 &&
+	git add file1 file2 &&
+	git commit -m 6.2 &&
+
+	# At this point, six.1 and six.2
+	# - derive from common ancestor that has two files
+	#   1...6 7 11..15 (file1) and 1...6 7 111..120 (file2)
+	# - six.1 replaces these 7s with 6.1
+	# - six.2 replaces these 7s with 6.2
+
+	merge_conflict_resolve &&
+
+	# Check that rerere knows that file1 and file2 have conflicts
+
+	printf "%s\n" file1 file2 >expect &&
+	git ls-files -u | sed -e "s/^.*	//" | sort -u >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git rerere status | sort >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git rerere remaining >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	count_pre_post 2 0 &&
+
+	# Pretend that the conflicts were made quite some time ago
+	test-tool chmtime -172800 $(find .git/rr-cache/ -type f) &&
+
+	# Unresolved entries have not expired yet
+	git -c gc.rerereresolved=5 -c gc.rerereunresolved=5 rerere gc &&
+	count_pre_post 2 0 &&
+
+	# Unresolved entries have expired
+	git -c gc.rerereresolved=5 -c gc.rerereunresolved=1 rerere gc &&
+	count_pre_post 0 0 &&
+
+	# Recreate the conflicted state
+	merge_conflict_resolve &&
+	count_pre_post 2 0 &&
+
+	# Clear it
+	git rerere clear &&
+	count_pre_post 0 0 &&
+
+	# Recreate the conflicted state
+	merge_conflict_resolve &&
+	count_pre_post 2 0 &&
+
+	# We resolved file1 and file2
+	git rerere &&
+	git rerere remaining >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
+
+	# We must have recorded both of them
+	count_pre_post 2 2 &&
+
+	# Now we should be able to resolve them both
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_must_fail git merge six.1 &&
+	git rerere &&
+
+	git rerere remaining >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
+
+	concat_insert short 6.1 6.2 >file1.expect &&
+	concat_insert long 6.1 6.2 >file2.expect &&
+	test_cmp file1.expect file1 &&
+	test_cmp file2.expect file2 &&
+
+	# Forget resolution for file2
+	git rerere forget file2 &&
+	echo file2 >expect &&
+	git rerere status >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	count_pre_post 2 1 &&
+
+	# file2 already has correct resolution, so record it again
+	git rerere &&
+
+	# Pretend that the resolutions are old again
+	test-tool chmtime -172800 $(find .git/rr-cache/ -type f) &&
+
+	# Resolved entries have not expired yet
+	git -c gc.rerereresolved=5 -c gc.rerereunresolved=5 rerere gc &&
+
+	count_pre_post 2 2 &&
+
+	# Resolved entries have expired
+	git -c gc.rerereresolved=1 -c gc.rerereunresolved=5 rerere gc &&
+	count_pre_post 0 0
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4201-shortlog.sh b/t/t4201-shortlog.sh
index 7600a3e3e8..d3a7ce6bbb 100755
--- a/t/t4201-shortlog.sh
+++ b/t/t4201-shortlog.sh
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ test_description='git shortlog
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_tick &&
 	echo 1 >a1 &&
 	git add a1 &&
 	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
@@ -58,8 +59,8 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 fuzz() {
 	file=$1 &&
 	sed "
-			s/$_x40/OBJECT_NAME/g
-			s/$_x05/OBJID/g
+			s/$OID_REGEX/OBJECT_NAME/g
+			s/$_x35/OBJID/g
 			s/^ \{6\}[CTa].*/      SUBJECT/g
 			s/^ \{8\}[^ ].*/        CONTINUATION/g
 		" <"$file" >"$file.fuzzy" &&
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ test_expect_success 'pretty format' '
 
 test_expect_success '--abbrev' '
 	sed s/SUBJECT/OBJID/ expect.template >expect &&
-	git shortlog --format="%h" --abbrev=5 HEAD >log &&
+	git shortlog --format="%h" --abbrev=35 HEAD >log &&
 	fuzz log >log.predictable &&
 	test_cmp expect log.predictable
 '
@@ -115,11 +116,22 @@ EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success !MINGW 'shortlog from non-git directory' '
-	git log HEAD >log &&
+	git log --no-expand-tabs HEAD >log &&
 	GIT_DIR=non-existing git shortlog -w <log >out &&
 	test_cmp expect out
 '
 
+test_expect_success !MINGW 'shortlog can read --format=raw output' '
+	git log --format=raw HEAD >log &&
+	GIT_DIR=non-existing git shortlog -w <log >out &&
+	test_cmp expect out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'shortlog from non-git directory refuses extra arguments' '
+	test_must_fail env GIT_DIR=non-existing git shortlog foo 2>out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "too many arguments" out
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'shortlog should add newline when input line matches wraplen' '
 	cat >expect <<\EOF &&
 A U Thor (2):
@@ -172,26 +184,35 @@ test_expect_success !MINGW 'shortlog encoding' '
 	git shortlog HEAD~2.. > out &&
 test_cmp expect out'
 
-test_expect_success 'shortlog ignores commits with missing authors' '
-	git commit --allow-empty -m normal &&
-	git commit --allow-empty -m soon-to-be-broken &&
-	git cat-file commit HEAD >commit.tmp &&
-	sed "/^author/d" commit.tmp >broken.tmp &&
-	commit=$(git hash-object -w -t commit --stdin <broken.tmp) &&
-	git update-ref HEAD $commit &&
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	A U Thor (1):
-	      normal
+test_expect_success 'shortlog with revision pseudo options' '
+	git shortlog --all &&
+	git shortlog --branches &&
+	git shortlog --exclude=refs/heads/m* --all
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'shortlog with --output=<file>' '
+	git shortlog --output=shortlog -1 master >output &&
+	test_must_be_empty output &&
+	test_line_count = 3 shortlog
+'
 
+test_expect_success 'shortlog --committer (internal)' '
+	git checkout --orphan side &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m one &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m two &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_NAME="Sin Nombre" git commit --allow-empty -m three &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	     2	C O Mitter
+	     1	Sin Nombre
 	EOF
-	git shortlog HEAD~2.. >actual &&
+	git shortlog -nsc HEAD >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'shortlog with revision pseudo options' '
-	git shortlog --all &&
-	git shortlog --branches &&
-	git shortlog --exclude=refs/heads/m* --all
+test_expect_success 'shortlog --committer (external)' '
+	git log --format=full | git shortlog -nsc >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4202-log.sh b/t/t4202-log.sh
index 85230a87b4..153a506151 100755
--- a/t/t4202-log.sh
+++ b/t/t4202-log.sh
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ test_description='git log'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY/lib-gpg.sh"
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY/lib-terminal.sh"
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 
@@ -101,8 +102,8 @@ test_expect_success 'oneline' '
 
 test_expect_success 'diff-filter=A' '
 
-	git log --pretty="format:%s" --diff-filter=A HEAD > actual &&
-	git log --pretty="format:%s" --diff-filter A HEAD > actual-separate &&
+	git log --no-renames --pretty="format:%s" --diff-filter=A HEAD > actual &&
+	git log --no-renames --pretty="format:%s" --diff-filter A HEAD > actual-separate &&
 	printf "fifth\nfourth\nthird\ninitial" > expect &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual-separate
@@ -119,7 +120,7 @@ test_expect_success 'diff-filter=M' '
 
 test_expect_success 'diff-filter=D' '
 
-	actual=$(git log --pretty="format:%s" --diff-filter=D HEAD) &&
+	actual=$(git log --no-renames --pretty="format:%s" --diff-filter=D HEAD) &&
 	expect=$(echo sixth ; echo third) &&
 	verbose test "$actual" = "$expect"
 
@@ -146,7 +147,30 @@ test_expect_success 'git log --follow' '
 	actual=$(git log --follow --pretty="format:%s" ichi) &&
 	expect=$(echo third ; echo second ; echo initial) &&
 	verbose test "$actual" = "$expect"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git config log.follow works like --follow' '
+	test_config log.follow true &&
+	actual=$(git log --pretty="format:%s" ichi) &&
+	expect=$(echo third ; echo second ; echo initial) &&
+	verbose test "$actual" = "$expect"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git config log.follow does not die with multiple paths' '
+	test_config log.follow true &&
+	git log --pretty="format:%s" ichi ein
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git config log.follow does not die with no paths' '
+	test_config log.follow true &&
+	git log --
+'
 
+test_expect_success 'git config log.follow is overridden by --no-follow' '
+	test_config log.follow true &&
+	actual=$(git log --no-follow --pretty="format:%s" ichi) &&
+	expect="third" &&
+	verbose test "$actual" = "$expect"
 '
 
 cat > expect << EOF
@@ -165,6 +189,16 @@ test_expect_success 'git log --no-walk=sorted <commits> sorts by commit time' '
 '
 
 cat > expect << EOF
+=== 804a787 sixth
+=== 394ef78 fifth
+=== 5d31159 fourth
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'git log --line-prefix="=== " --no-walk <commits> sorts by commit time' '
+	git log --line-prefix="=== " --no-walk --oneline 5d31159 804a787 394ef78 > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
 5d31159 fourth
 804a787 sixth
 394ef78 fifth
@@ -197,14 +231,47 @@ second
 initial
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'log --invert-grep --grep' '
-	git log --pretty="tformat:%s" --invert-grep --grep=th --grep=Sec >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	# Fixed
+	git -c grep.patternType=fixed log --pretty="tformat:%s" --invert-grep --grep=th --grep=Sec >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# POSIX basic
+	git -c grep.patternType=basic log --pretty="tformat:%s" --invert-grep --grep=t[h] --grep=S[e]c >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# POSIX extended
+	git -c grep.patternType=basic log --pretty="tformat:%s" --invert-grep --grep=t[h] --grep=S[e]c >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# PCRE
+	if test_have_prereq PCRE
+	then
+		git -c grep.patternType=perl log --pretty="tformat:%s" --invert-grep --grep=t[h] --grep=S[e]c >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	fi
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'log --invert-grep --grep -i' '
 	echo initial >expect &&
-	git log --pretty="tformat:%s" --invert-grep -i --grep=th --grep=Sec >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+
+	# Fixed
+	git -c grep.patternType=fixed log --pretty="tformat:%s" --invert-grep -i --grep=th --grep=Sec >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# POSIX basic
+	git -c grep.patternType=basic log --pretty="tformat:%s" --invert-grep -i --grep=t[h] --grep=S[e]c >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# POSIX extended
+	git -c grep.patternType=extended log --pretty="tformat:%s" --invert-grep -i --grep=t[h] --grep=S[e]c >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# PCRE
+	if test_have_prereq PCRE
+	then
+		git -c grep.patternType=perl log --pretty="tformat:%s" --invert-grep -i --grep=t[h] --grep=S[e]c >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	fi
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'log --grep option parsing' '
@@ -222,16 +289,156 @@ test_expect_success 'log -i --grep' '
 
 test_expect_success 'log --grep -i' '
 	echo Second >expect &&
+
+	# Fixed
 	git log -1 --pretty="tformat:%s" --grep=sec -i >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# POSIX basic
+	git -c grep.patternType=basic log -1 --pretty="tformat:%s" --grep=s[e]c -i >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# POSIX extended
+	git -c grep.patternType=extended log -1 --pretty="tformat:%s" --grep=s[e]c -i >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# PCRE
+	if test_have_prereq PCRE
+	then
+		git -c grep.patternType=perl log -1 --pretty="tformat:%s" --grep=s[e]c -i >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	fi
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'log -F -E --grep=<ere> uses ere' '
 	echo second >expect &&
-	git log -1 --pretty="tformat:%s" -F -E --grep=s.c.nd >actual &&
+	# basic would need \(s\) to do the same
+	git log -1 --pretty="tformat:%s" -F -E --grep="(s).c.nd" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success PCRE 'log -F -E --perl-regexp --grep=<pcre> uses PCRE' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf num_commits" &&
+	git init num_commits &&
+	(
+		cd num_commits &&
+		test_commit 1d &&
+		test_commit 2e
+	) &&
+
+	# In PCRE \d in [\d] is like saying "0-9", and matches the 2
+	# in 2e...
+	echo 2e >expect &&
+	git -C num_commits log -1 --pretty="tformat:%s" -F -E --perl-regexp --grep="[\d]" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# ...in POSIX basic and extended it is the same as [d],
+	# i.e. "d", which matches 1d, but does not match 2e.
+	echo 1d >expect &&
+	git -C num_commits log -1 --pretty="tformat:%s" -F -E --grep="[\d]" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log with grep.patternType configuration' '
+	git -c grep.patterntype=fixed \
+	log -1 --pretty=tformat:%s --grep=s.c.nd >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log with grep.patternType configuration and command line' '
+	echo second >expect &&
+	git -c grep.patterntype=fixed \
+	log -1 --pretty=tformat:%s --basic-regexp --grep=s.c.nd >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log with various grep.patternType configurations & command-lines' '
+	git init pattern-type &&
+	(
+		cd pattern-type &&
+		test_commit 1 file A &&
+
+		# The tagname is overridden here because creating a
+		# tag called "(1|2)" as test_commit would otherwise
+		# implicitly do would fail on e.g. MINGW.
+		test_commit "(1|2)" file B 2 &&
+
+		echo "(1|2)" >expect.fixed &&
+		cp expect.fixed expect.basic &&
+		cp expect.fixed expect.extended &&
+		cp expect.fixed expect.perl &&
+
+		# A strcmp-like match with fixed.
+		git -c grep.patternType=fixed log --pretty=tformat:%s \
+			--grep="(1|2)" >actual.fixed &&
+
+		# POSIX basic matches (, | and ) literally.
+		git -c grep.patternType=basic log --pretty=tformat:%s \
+			--grep="(.|.)" >actual.basic &&
+
+		# POSIX extended needs to have | escaped to match it
+		# literally, whereas under basic this is the same as
+		# (|2), i.e. it would also match "1". This test checks
+		# for extended by asserting that it is not matching
+		# what basic would match.
+		git -c grep.patternType=extended log --pretty=tformat:%s \
+			--grep="\|2" >actual.extended &&
+		if test_have_prereq PCRE
+		then
+			# Only PCRE would match [\d]\| with only
+			# "(1|2)" due to [\d]. POSIX basic would match
+			# both it and "1" since similarly to the
+			# extended match above it is the same as
+			# \([\d]\|\). POSIX extended would
+			# match neither.
+			git -c grep.patternType=perl log --pretty=tformat:%s \
+				--grep="[\d]\|" >actual.perl &&
+			test_cmp expect.perl actual.perl
+		fi &&
+		test_cmp expect.fixed actual.fixed &&
+		test_cmp expect.basic actual.basic &&
+		test_cmp expect.extended actual.extended &&
+
+		git log --pretty=tformat:%s -F \
+			--grep="(1|2)" >actual.fixed.short-arg &&
+		git log --pretty=tformat:%s -E \
+			--grep="\|2" >actual.extended.short-arg &&
+		if test_have_prereq PCRE
+		then
+			git log --pretty=tformat:%s -P \
+				--grep="[\d]\|" >actual.perl.short-arg
+		else
+			test_must_fail git log -P \
+				--grep="[\d]\|"
+		fi &&
+		test_cmp expect.fixed actual.fixed.short-arg &&
+		test_cmp expect.extended actual.extended.short-arg &&
+		if test_have_prereq PCRE
+		then
+			test_cmp expect.perl actual.perl.short-arg
+		fi &&
+
+		git log --pretty=tformat:%s --fixed-strings \
+			--grep="(1|2)" >actual.fixed.long-arg &&
+		git log --pretty=tformat:%s --basic-regexp \
+			--grep="(.|.)" >actual.basic.long-arg &&
+		git log --pretty=tformat:%s --extended-regexp \
+			--grep="\|2" >actual.extended.long-arg &&
+		if test_have_prereq PCRE
+		then
+			git log --pretty=tformat:%s --perl-regexp \
+				--grep="[\d]\|" >actual.perl.long-arg &&
+			test_cmp expect.perl actual.perl.long-arg
+		else
+			test_must_fail git log --perl-regexp \
+				--grep="[\d]\|"
+		fi &&
+		test_cmp expect.fixed actual.fixed.long-arg &&
+		test_cmp expect.basic actual.basic.long-arg &&
+		test_cmp expect.extended actual.extended.long-arg
+	)
+'
+
 cat > expect <<EOF
 * Second
 * sixth
@@ -247,6 +454,21 @@ test_expect_success 'simple log --graph' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+cat > expect <<EOF
+123 * Second
+123 * sixth
+123 * fifth
+123 * fourth
+123 * third
+123 * second
+123 * initial
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'simple log --graph --line-prefix="123 "' '
+	git log --graph --line-prefix="123 " --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'set up merge history' '
 	git checkout -b side HEAD~4 &&
 	test_commit side-1 1 1 &&
@@ -276,6 +498,49 @@ test_expect_success 'log --graph with merge' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+| | | *   Merge branch 'side'
+| | | |\
+| | | | * side-2
+| | | | * side-1
+| | | * | Second
+| | | * | sixth
+| | | * | fifth
+| | | * | fourth
+| | | |/
+| | | * third
+| | | * second
+| | | * initial
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'log --graph --line-prefix="| | | " with merge' '
+	git log --line-prefix="| | | " --graph --date-order --pretty=tformat:%s |
+		sed "s/ *\$//" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat > expect.colors <<\EOF
+*   Merge branch 'side'
+<BLUE>|<RESET><CYAN>\<RESET>
+<BLUE>|<RESET> * side-2
+<BLUE>|<RESET> * side-1
+* <CYAN>|<RESET> Second
+* <CYAN>|<RESET> sixth
+* <CYAN>|<RESET> fifth
+* <CYAN>|<RESET> fourth
+<CYAN>|<RESET><CYAN>/<RESET>
+* third
+* second
+* initial
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'log --graph with merge with log.graphColors' '
+	test_config log.graphColors " blue,invalid-color, cyan, red  , " &&
+	git log --color=always --graph --date-order --pretty=tformat:%s |
+		test_decode_color | sed "s/ *\$//" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.colors actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'log --raw --graph -m with merge' '
 	git log --raw --graph --oneline -m master | head -n 500 >actual &&
 	grep "initial" actual
@@ -293,7 +558,7 @@ cat > expect <<\EOF
 | |
 | |     Merge branch 'side'
 | |
-| * commit side
+| * commit tags/side-2
 | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 | |
 | |     side-2
@@ -415,7 +680,7 @@ test_expect_success 'log --graph with merge' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'log.decorate configuration' '
-	git log --oneline >expect.none &&
+	git log --oneline --no-decorate >expect.none &&
 	git log --oneline --decorate >expect.short &&
 	git log --oneline --decorate=full >expect.full &&
 
@@ -471,6 +736,126 @@ test_expect_success 'log.decorate configuration' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'decorate-refs with glob' '
+	cat >expect.decorate <<-\EOF &&
+	Merge-tag-reach
+	Merge-tags-octopus-a-and-octopus-b
+	seventh
+	octopus-b (octopus-b)
+	octopus-a (octopus-a)
+	reach
+	EOF
+	git log -n6 --decorate=short --pretty="tformat:%f%d" \
+		--decorate-refs="heads/octopus*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.decorate actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'decorate-refs without globs' '
+	cat >expect.decorate <<-\EOF &&
+	Merge-tag-reach
+	Merge-tags-octopus-a-and-octopus-b
+	seventh
+	octopus-b
+	octopus-a
+	reach (tag: reach)
+	EOF
+	git log -n6 --decorate=short --pretty="tformat:%f%d" \
+		--decorate-refs="tags/reach" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.decorate actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple decorate-refs' '
+	cat >expect.decorate <<-\EOF &&
+	Merge-tag-reach
+	Merge-tags-octopus-a-and-octopus-b
+	seventh
+	octopus-b (octopus-b)
+	octopus-a (octopus-a)
+	reach (tag: reach)
+	EOF
+	git log -n6 --decorate=short --pretty="tformat:%f%d" \
+		--decorate-refs="heads/octopus*" \
+		--decorate-refs="tags/reach" >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect.decorate actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'decorate-refs-exclude with glob' '
+	cat >expect.decorate <<-\EOF &&
+	Merge-tag-reach (HEAD -> master)
+	Merge-tags-octopus-a-and-octopus-b
+	seventh (tag: seventh)
+	octopus-b (tag: octopus-b)
+	octopus-a (tag: octopus-a)
+	reach (tag: reach, reach)
+	EOF
+	git log -n6 --decorate=short --pretty="tformat:%f%d" \
+		--decorate-refs-exclude="heads/octopus*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.decorate actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'decorate-refs-exclude without globs' '
+	cat >expect.decorate <<-\EOF &&
+	Merge-tag-reach (HEAD -> master)
+	Merge-tags-octopus-a-and-octopus-b
+	seventh (tag: seventh)
+	octopus-b (tag: octopus-b, octopus-b)
+	octopus-a (tag: octopus-a, octopus-a)
+	reach (reach)
+	EOF
+	git log -n6 --decorate=short --pretty="tformat:%f%d" \
+		--decorate-refs-exclude="tags/reach" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.decorate actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple decorate-refs-exclude' '
+	cat >expect.decorate <<-\EOF &&
+	Merge-tag-reach (HEAD -> master)
+	Merge-tags-octopus-a-and-octopus-b
+	seventh (tag: seventh)
+	octopus-b (tag: octopus-b)
+	octopus-a (tag: octopus-a)
+	reach (reach)
+	EOF
+	git log -n6 --decorate=short --pretty="tformat:%f%d" \
+		--decorate-refs-exclude="heads/octopus*" \
+		--decorate-refs-exclude="tags/reach" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.decorate actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'decorate-refs and decorate-refs-exclude' '
+	cat >expect.decorate <<-\EOF &&
+	Merge-tag-reach (master)
+	Merge-tags-octopus-a-and-octopus-b
+	seventh
+	octopus-b
+	octopus-a
+	reach (reach)
+	EOF
+	git log -n6 --decorate=short --pretty="tformat:%f%d" \
+		--decorate-refs="heads/*" \
+		--decorate-refs-exclude="heads/oc*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.decorate actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log.decorate config parsing' '
+	git log --oneline --decorate=full >expect.full &&
+	git log --oneline --decorate=short >expect.short &&
+
+	test_config log.decorate full &&
+	test_config log.mailmap true &&
+	git log --oneline >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.full actual &&
+	git log --oneline --decorate=short >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.short actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'log output on a TTY' '
+	git log --color --oneline --decorate >expect.short &&
+
+	test_terminal git log --oneline >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.short actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'reflog is expected format' '
 	git log -g --abbrev-commit --pretty=oneline >expect &&
 	git reflog >actual &&
@@ -825,11 +1210,336 @@ sanitize_output () {
 }
 
 test_expect_success 'log --graph with diff and stats' '
-	git log --graph --pretty=short --stat -p >actual &&
+	git log --no-renames --graph --pretty=short --stat -p >actual &&
 	sanitize_output >actual.sanitized <actual &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect actual.sanitized
 '
 
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+*** *   commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** |\  Merge: MERGE_PARENTS
+*** | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** | |
+*** | |     Merge HEADS DESCRIPTION
+*** | |
+*** | * commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** | |
+*** | |     reach
+*** | | ---
+*** | |  reach.t | 1 +
+*** | |  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+*** | |
+*** | | diff --git a/reach.t b/reach.t
+*** | | new file mode 100644
+*** | | index 0000000..10c9591
+*** | | --- /dev/null
+*** | | +++ b/reach.t
+*** | | @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*** | | +reach
+*** | |
+*** |  \
+*** *-. \   commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** |\ \ \  Merge: MERGE_PARENTS
+*** | | | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** | | | |
+*** | | | |     Merge HEADS DESCRIPTION
+*** | | | |
+*** | | * | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** | | |/  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** | | |
+*** | | |       octopus-b
+*** | | |   ---
+*** | | |    octopus-b.t | 1 +
+*** | | |    1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+*** | | |
+*** | | |   diff --git a/octopus-b.t b/octopus-b.t
+*** | | |   new file mode 100644
+*** | | |   index 0000000..d5fcad0
+*** | | |   --- /dev/null
+*** | | |   +++ b/octopus-b.t
+*** | | |   @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*** | | |   +octopus-b
+*** | | |
+*** | * | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** | |/  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** | |
+*** | |       octopus-a
+*** | |   ---
+*** | |    octopus-a.t | 1 +
+*** | |    1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+*** | |
+*** | |   diff --git a/octopus-a.t b/octopus-a.t
+*** | |   new file mode 100644
+*** | |   index 0000000..11ee015
+*** | |   --- /dev/null
+*** | |   +++ b/octopus-a.t
+*** | |   @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*** | |   +octopus-a
+*** | |
+*** * | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** |/  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** |
+*** |       seventh
+*** |   ---
+*** |    seventh.t | 1 +
+*** |    1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+*** |
+*** |   diff --git a/seventh.t b/seventh.t
+*** |   new file mode 100644
+*** |   index 0000000..9744ffc
+*** |   --- /dev/null
+*** |   +++ b/seventh.t
+*** |   @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*** |   +seventh
+*** |
+*** *   commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** |\  Merge: MERGE_PARENTS
+*** | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** | |
+*** | |     Merge branch 'tangle'
+*** | |
+*** | *   commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** | |\  Merge: MERGE_PARENTS
+*** | | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** | | |
+*** | | |     Merge branch 'side' (early part) into tangle
+*** | | |
+*** | * |   commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** | |\ \  Merge: MERGE_PARENTS
+*** | | | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** | | | |
+*** | | | |     Merge branch 'master' (early part) into tangle
+*** | | | |
+*** | * | | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** | | | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** | | | |
+*** | | | |     tangle-a
+*** | | | | ---
+*** | | | |  tangle-a | 1 +
+*** | | | |  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+*** | | | |
+*** | | | | diff --git a/tangle-a b/tangle-a
+*** | | | | new file mode 100644
+*** | | | | index 0000000..7898192
+*** | | | | --- /dev/null
+*** | | | | +++ b/tangle-a
+*** | | | | @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*** | | | | +a
+*** | | | |
+*** * | | |   commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** |\ \ \ \  Merge: MERGE_PARENTS
+*** | | | | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** | | | | |
+*** | | | | |     Merge branch 'side'
+*** | | | | |
+*** | * | | | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** | | |_|/  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** | |/| |
+*** | | | |       side-2
+*** | | | |   ---
+*** | | | |    2 | 1 +
+*** | | | |    1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+*** | | | |
+*** | | | |   diff --git a/2 b/2
+*** | | | |   new file mode 100644
+*** | | | |   index 0000000..0cfbf08
+*** | | | |   --- /dev/null
+*** | | | |   +++ b/2
+*** | | | |   @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*** | | | |   +2
+*** | | | |
+*** | * | | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** | | | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** | | | |
+*** | | | |     side-1
+*** | | | | ---
+*** | | | |  1 | 1 +
+*** | | | |  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+*** | | | |
+*** | | | | diff --git a/1 b/1
+*** | | | | new file mode 100644
+*** | | | | index 0000000..d00491f
+*** | | | | --- /dev/null
+*** | | | | +++ b/1
+*** | | | | @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*** | | | | +1
+*** | | | |
+*** * | | | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** | | | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** | | | |
+*** | | | |     Second
+*** | | | | ---
+*** | | | |  one | 1 +
+*** | | | |  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+*** | | | |
+*** | | | | diff --git a/one b/one
+*** | | | | new file mode 100644
+*** | | | | index 0000000..9a33383
+*** | | | | --- /dev/null
+*** | | | | +++ b/one
+*** | | | | @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*** | | | | +case
+*** | | | |
+*** * | | | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** | |_|/  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** |/| |
+*** | | |       sixth
+*** | | |   ---
+*** | | |    a/two | 1 -
+*** | | |    1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)
+*** | | |
+*** | | |   diff --git a/a/two b/a/two
+*** | | |   deleted file mode 100644
+*** | | |   index 9245af5..0000000
+*** | | |   --- a/a/two
+*** | | |   +++ /dev/null
+*** | | |   @@ -1 +0,0 @@
+*** | | |   -ni
+*** | | |
+*** * | | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** | | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** | | |
+*** | | |     fifth
+*** | | | ---
+*** | | |  a/two | 1 +
+*** | | |  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+*** | | |
+*** | | | diff --git a/a/two b/a/two
+*** | | | new file mode 100644
+*** | | | index 0000000..9245af5
+*** | | | --- /dev/null
+*** | | | +++ b/a/two
+*** | | | @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*** | | | +ni
+*** | | |
+*** * | | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** |/ /  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** | |
+*** | |       fourth
+*** | |   ---
+*** | |    ein | 1 +
+*** | |    1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+*** | |
+*** | |   diff --git a/ein b/ein
+*** | |   new file mode 100644
+*** | |   index 0000000..9d7e69f
+*** | |   --- /dev/null
+*** | |   +++ b/ein
+*** | |   @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*** | |   +ichi
+*** | |
+*** * | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** |/  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** |
+*** |       third
+*** |   ---
+*** |    ichi | 1 +
+*** |    one  | 1 -
+*** |    2 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
+*** |
+*** |   diff --git a/ichi b/ichi
+*** |   new file mode 100644
+*** |   index 0000000..9d7e69f
+*** |   --- /dev/null
+*** |   +++ b/ichi
+*** |   @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*** |   +ichi
+*** |   diff --git a/one b/one
+*** |   deleted file mode 100644
+*** |   index 9d7e69f..0000000
+*** |   --- a/one
+*** |   +++ /dev/null
+*** |   @@ -1 +0,0 @@
+*** |   -ichi
+*** |
+*** * commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+*** | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+*** |
+*** |     second
+*** | ---
+*** |  one | 2 +-
+*** |  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
+*** |
+*** | diff --git a/one b/one
+*** | index 5626abf..9d7e69f 100644
+*** | --- a/one
+*** | +++ b/one
+*** | @@ -1 +1 @@
+*** | -one
+*** | +ichi
+*** |
+*** * commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+***   Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+***
+***       initial
+***   ---
+***    one | 1 +
+***    1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+***
+***   diff --git a/one b/one
+***   new file mode 100644
+***   index 0000000..5626abf
+***   --- /dev/null
+***   +++ b/one
+***   @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+***   +one
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'log --line-prefix="*** " --graph with diff and stats' '
+	git log --line-prefix="*** " --no-renames --graph --pretty=short --stat -p >actual &&
+	sanitize_output >actual.sanitized <actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual.sanitized
+'
+
+cat >expect <<-\EOF
+* reach
+|
+| A	reach.t
+* Merge branch 'tangle'
+*   Merge branch 'side'
+|\
+| * side-2
+|
+|   A	2
+* Second
+|
+| A	one
+* sixth
+
+  D	a/two
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'log --graph with --name-status' '
+	git log --graph --format=%s --name-status tangle..reach >actual &&
+	sanitize_output <actual >actual.sanitized &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.sanitized
+'
+
+cat >expect <<-\EOF
+* reach
+|
+| reach.t
+* Merge branch 'tangle'
+*   Merge branch 'side'
+|\
+| * side-2
+|
+|   2
+* Second
+|
+| one
+* sixth
+
+  a/two
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'log --graph with --name-only' '
+	git log --graph --format=%s --name-only tangle..reach >actual &&
+	sanitize_output <actual >actual.sanitized &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.sanitized
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'dotdot is a parent directory' '
 	mkdir -p a/b &&
 	( echo sixth && echo fifth ) >expect &&
@@ -837,17 +1547,36 @@ test_expect_success 'dotdot is a parent directory' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success GPG 'log --graph --show-signature' '
+test_expect_success GPG 'setup signed branch' '
 	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout master" &&
 	git checkout -b signed master &&
 	echo foo >foo &&
 	git add foo &&
-	git commit -S -m signed_commit &&
+	git commit -S -m signed_commit
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPGSM 'setup signed branch x509' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout master" &&
+	git checkout -b signed-x509 master &&
+	echo foo >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	test_config gpg.format x509 &&
+	test_config user.signingkey $GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL &&
+	git commit -S -m signed_commit
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'log --graph --show-signature' '
 	git log --graph --show-signature -n1 signed >actual &&
 	grep "^| gpg: Signature made" actual &&
 	grep "^| gpg: Good signature" actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPGSM 'log --graph --show-signature x509' '
+	git log --graph --show-signature -n1 signed-x509 >actual &&
+	grep "^| gpgsm: Signature made" actual &&
+	grep "^| gpgsm: Good signature" actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success GPG 'log --graph --show-signature for merged tag' '
 	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout master" &&
 	git checkout -b plain master &&
@@ -867,4 +1596,111 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'log --graph --show-signature for merged tag' '
 	grep "^| | gpg: Good signature" actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPGSM 'log --graph --show-signature for merged tag x509' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout master" &&
+	test_config gpg.format x509 &&
+	test_config user.signingkey $GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL &&
+	git checkout -b plain-x509 master &&
+	echo aaa >bar &&
+	git add bar &&
+	git commit -m bar_commit &&
+	git checkout -b tagged-x509 master &&
+	echo bbb >baz &&
+	git add baz &&
+	git commit -m baz_commit &&
+	git tag -s -m signed_tag_msg signed_tag_x509 &&
+	git checkout plain-x509 &&
+	git merge --no-ff -m msg signed_tag_x509 &&
+	git log --graph --show-signature -n1 plain-x509 >actual &&
+	grep "^|\\\  merged tag" actual &&
+	grep "^| | gpgsm: Signature made" actual &&
+	grep "^| | gpgsm: Good signature" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG '--no-show-signature overrides --show-signature' '
+	git log -1 --show-signature --no-show-signature signed >actual &&
+	! grep "^gpg:" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'log.showsignature=true behaves like --show-signature' '
+	test_config log.showsignature true &&
+	git log -1 signed >actual &&
+	grep "gpg: Signature made" actual &&
+	grep "gpg: Good signature" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG '--no-show-signature overrides log.showsignature=true' '
+	test_config log.showsignature true &&
+	git log -1 --no-show-signature signed >actual &&
+	! grep "^gpg:" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG '--show-signature overrides log.showsignature=false' '
+	test_config log.showsignature false &&
+	git log -1 --show-signature signed >actual &&
+	grep "gpg: Signature made" actual &&
+	grep "gpg: Good signature" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --graph --no-walk is forbidden' '
+	test_must_fail git log --graph --no-walk
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log diagnoses bogus HEAD' '
+	git init empty &&
+	test_must_fail git -C empty log 2>stderr &&
+	test_i18ngrep does.not.have.any.commits stderr &&
+	echo 1234abcd >empty/.git/refs/heads/master &&
+	test_must_fail git -C empty log 2>stderr &&
+	test_i18ngrep broken stderr &&
+	echo "ref: refs/heads/invalid.lock" >empty/.git/HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git -C empty log 2>stderr &&
+	test_i18ngrep broken stderr &&
+	test_must_fail git -C empty log --default totally-bogus 2>stderr &&
+	test_i18ngrep broken stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log does not default to HEAD when rev input is given' '
+	git log --branches=does-not-exist >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up --source tests' '
+	git checkout --orphan source-a &&
+	test_commit one &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	git checkout -b source-b HEAD^ &&
+	test_commit three
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --source paints branch names' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	09e12a9	source-b three
+	8e393e1	source-a two
+	1ac6c77	source-b one
+	EOF
+	git log --oneline --source source-a source-b >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --source paints tag names' '
+	git tag -m tagged source-tag &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	09e12a9	source-tag three
+	8e393e1	source-a two
+	1ac6c77	source-tag one
+	EOF
+	git log --oneline --source source-tag source-a >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --source paints symmetric ranges' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	09e12a9	source-b three
+	8e393e1	source-a two
+	EOF
+	git log --oneline --source source-a...source-b >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4203-mailmap.sh b/t/t4203-mailmap.sh
index 0dd8b65d7c..43b1522ea2 100755
--- a/t/t4203-mailmap.sh
+++ b/t/t4203-mailmap.sh
@@ -461,11 +461,9 @@ test_expect_success 'Grep author with log.mailmap' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
->expect
-
 test_expect_success 'Only grep replaced author with --use-mailmap' '
 	git log --use-mailmap --author "<cto@coompany.xx>" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 # git blame
diff --git a/t/t4204-patch-id.sh b/t/t4204-patch-id.sh
index baa9d3c82e..0288c17ec6 100755
--- a/t/t4204-patch-id.sh
+++ b/t/t4204-patch-id.sh
@@ -30,11 +30,11 @@ test_expect_success 'patch-id output is well-formed' '
 
 #calculate patch id. Make sure output is not empty.
 calc_patch_id () {
-	name="$1"
+	patch_name="$1"
 	shift
 	git patch-id "$@" |
-	sed "s/ .*//" >patch-id_"$name" &&
-	test_line_count -gt 0 patch-id_"$name"
+	sed "s/ .*//" >patch-id_"$patch_name" &&
+	test_line_count -gt 0 patch-id_"$patch_name"
 }
 
 get_top_diff () {
@@ -143,6 +143,20 @@ test_expect_success 'patch-id supports git-format-patch MIME output' '
 	test_cmp patch-id_master patch-id_same
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'patch-id respects config from subdir' '
+	test_config patchid.stable true &&
+	mkdir subdir &&
+
+	# copy these because test_patch_id() looks for them in
+	# the current directory
+	cp bar-then-foo foo-then-bar subdir &&
+
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		test_patch_id irrelevant patchid.stable=true
+	)
+'
+
 cat >nonl <<\EOF
 diff --git i/a w/a
 index e69de29..2e65efe 100644
diff --git a/t/t4205-log-pretty-formats.sh b/t/t4205-log-pretty-formats.sh
index 7398605e7b..2052cadb11 100755
--- a/t/t4205-log-pretty-formats.sh
+++ b/t/t4205-log-pretty-formats.sh
@@ -126,12 +126,12 @@ test_expect_success 'NUL separation with --stat' '
 	test_i18ncmp expected actual
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'NUL termination with --stat' '
+test_expect_failure C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'NUL termination with --stat' '
 	stat0_part=$(git diff --stat HEAD^ HEAD) &&
 	stat1_part=$(git diff-tree --no-commit-id --stat --root HEAD^) &&
 	printf "add bar\n$stat0_part\n\0$(commit_msg)\n$stat1_part\n0" >expected &&
 	git log -z --stat --pretty="tformat:%s" >actual &&
-	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup more commits' '
@@ -145,253 +145,310 @@ test_expect_success 'setup more commits' '
 
 test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting' '
 	git log --pretty="tformat:%<(40)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF >expected &&
-message two                            Z
-message one                            Z
-add bar                                Z
-$(commit_msg)                    Z
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-EOF >expected &&
+	message two                            Z
+	message one                            Z
+	add bar                                Z
+	$(commit_msg)                    Z
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting. i18n.logOutputEncoding' '
 	git -c i18n.logOutputEncoding=$test_encoding log --pretty="tformat:%<(40)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
-message two                            Z
-message one                            Z
-add bar                                Z
-$(commit_msg)                    Z
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
+	message two                            Z
+	message one                            Z
+	add bar                                Z
+	$(commit_msg)                    Z
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting at the nth column' '
 	git log --pretty="tformat:%h %<|(40)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF >expected &&
-$head1 message two                    Z
-$head2 message one                    Z
-$head3 add bar                        Z
-$head4 $(commit_msg)            Z
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-EOF >expected &&
+	$head1 message two                    Z
+	$head2 message one                    Z
+	$head3 add bar                        Z
+	$head4 $(commit_msg)            Z
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting at the nth column' '
+	COLUMNS=50 git log --pretty="tformat:%h %<|(-10)%s" >actual &&
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-EOF >expected &&
+	$head1 message two                    Z
+	$head2 message one                    Z
+	$head3 add bar                        Z
+	$head4 $(commit_msg)            Z
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting at the nth column. i18n.logOutputEncoding' '
 	git -c i18n.logOutputEncoding=$test_encoding log --pretty="tformat:%h %<|(40)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
-$head1 message two                    Z
-$head2 message one                    Z
-$head3 add bar                        Z
-$head4 $(commit_msg)            Z
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
+	$head1 message two                    Z
+	$head2 message one                    Z
+	$head3 add bar                        Z
+	$head4 $(commit_msg)            Z
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting with no padding' '
 	git log --pretty="tformat:%<(1)%s" >actual &&
-	cat <<EOF >expected &&
-message two
-message one
-add bar
-$(commit_msg)
-EOF
+	cat <<-EOF >expected &&
+	message two
+	message one
+	add bar
+	$(commit_msg)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting with no padding. i18n.logOutputEncoding' '
 	git -c i18n.logOutputEncoding=$test_encoding log --pretty="tformat:%<(1)%s" >actual &&
-	cat <<EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
-message two
-message one
-add bar
-$(commit_msg)
-EOF
+	cat <<-EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
+	message two
+	message one
+	add bar
+	$(commit_msg)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting with trunc' '
 	git log --pretty="tformat:%<(10,trunc)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF >expected &&
-message ..
-message ..
-add bar  Z
-initial...
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	message ..
+	message ..
+	add bar  Z
+	initial...
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting with trunc. i18n.logOutputEncoding' '
 	git -c i18n.logOutputEncoding=$test_encoding log --pretty="tformat:%<(10,trunc)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
-message ..
-message ..
-add bar  Z
-initial...
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-\EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
+	message ..
+	message ..
+	add bar  Z
+	initial...
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting with ltrunc' '
 	git log --pretty="tformat:%<(10,ltrunc)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF >expected &&
-..sage two
-..sage one
-add bar  Z
-..${sample_utf8_part}lich
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-EOF >expected &&
+	..sage two
+	..sage one
+	add bar  Z
+	..${sample_utf8_part}lich
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting with ltrunc. i18n.logOutputEncoding' '
 	git -c i18n.logOutputEncoding=$test_encoding log --pretty="tformat:%<(10,ltrunc)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
-..sage two
-..sage one
-add bar  Z
-..${sample_utf8_part}lich
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
+	..sage two
+	..sage one
+	add bar  Z
+	..${sample_utf8_part}lich
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting with mtrunc' '
 	git log --pretty="tformat:%<(10,mtrunc)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF >expected &&
-mess.. two
-mess.. one
-add bar  Z
-init..lich
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	mess.. two
+	mess.. one
+	add bar  Z
+	init..lich
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting with mtrunc. i18n.logOutputEncoding' '
 	git -c i18n.logOutputEncoding=$test_encoding log --pretty="tformat:%<(10,mtrunc)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
-mess.. two
-mess.. one
-add bar  Z
-init..lich
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-\EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
+	mess.. two
+	mess.. one
+	add bar  Z
+	init..lich
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'right alignment formatting' '
 	git log --pretty="tformat:%>(40)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF >expected &&
-Z                            message two
-Z                            message one
-Z                                add bar
-Z                    $(commit_msg)
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-EOF >expected &&
+	Z                            message two
+	Z                            message one
+	Z                                add bar
+	Z                    $(commit_msg)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'right alignment formatting. i18n.logOutputEncoding' '
 	git -c i18n.logOutputEncoding=$test_encoding log --pretty="tformat:%>(40)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
-Z                            message two
-Z                            message one
-Z                                add bar
-Z                    $(commit_msg)
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
+	Z                            message two
+	Z                            message one
+	Z                                add bar
+	Z                    $(commit_msg)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'right alignment formatting at the nth column' '
 	git log --pretty="tformat:%h %>|(40)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF >expected &&
-$head1                      message two
-$head2                      message one
-$head3                          add bar
-$head4              $(commit_msg)
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-EOF >expected &&
+	$head1                      message two
+	$head2                      message one
+	$head3                          add bar
+	$head4              $(commit_msg)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'right alignment formatting at the nth column' '
+	COLUMNS=50 git log --pretty="tformat:%h %>|(-10)%s" >actual &&
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-EOF >expected &&
+	$head1                      message two
+	$head2                      message one
+	$head3                          add bar
+	$head4              $(commit_msg)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'right alignment formatting at the nth column. i18n.logOutputEncoding' '
 	git -c i18n.logOutputEncoding=$test_encoding log --pretty="tformat:%h %>|(40)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
-$head1                      message two
-$head2                      message one
-$head3                          add bar
-$head4              $(commit_msg)
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
+	$head1                      message two
+	$head2                      message one
+	$head3                          add bar
+	$head4              $(commit_msg)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+# Note: Space between 'message' and 'two' should be in the same column
+# as in previous test.
+test_expect_success 'right alignment formatting at the nth column with --graph. i18n.logOutputEncoding' '
+	git -c i18n.logOutputEncoding=$test_encoding log --graph --pretty="tformat:%h %>|(40)%s" >actual &&
+	iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected <<-EOF &&
+	* $head1                    message two
+	* $head2                    message one
+	* $head3                        add bar
+	* $head4            $(commit_msg)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'right alignment formatting with no padding' '
 	git log --pretty="tformat:%>(1)%s" >actual &&
-	cat <<EOF >expected &&
-message two
-message one
-add bar
-$(commit_msg)
-EOF
+	cat <<-EOF >expected &&
+	message two
+	message one
+	add bar
+	$(commit_msg)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'right alignment formatting with no padding and with --graph' '
+	git log --graph --pretty="tformat:%>(1)%s" >actual &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expected &&
+	* message two
+	* message one
+	* add bar
+	* $(commit_msg)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'right alignment formatting with no padding. i18n.logOutputEncoding' '
 	git -c i18n.logOutputEncoding=$test_encoding log --pretty="tformat:%>(1)%s" >actual &&
-	cat <<EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
-message two
-message one
-add bar
-$(commit_msg)
-EOF
+	cat <<-EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
+	message two
+	message one
+	add bar
+	$(commit_msg)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'center alignment formatting' '
 	git log --pretty="tformat:%><(40)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF >expected &&
-Z             message two              Z
-Z             message one              Z
-Z               add bar                Z
-Z         $(commit_msg)          Z
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-EOF >expected &&
+	Z             message two              Z
+	Z             message one              Z
+	Z               add bar                Z
+	Z         $(commit_msg)          Z
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'center alignment formatting. i18n.logOutputEncoding' '
 	git -c i18n.logOutputEncoding=$test_encoding log --pretty="tformat:%><(40)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
-Z             message two              Z
-Z             message one              Z
-Z               add bar                Z
-Z         $(commit_msg)          Z
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
+	Z             message two              Z
+	Z             message one              Z
+	Z               add bar                Z
+	Z         $(commit_msg)          Z
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 test_expect_success 'center alignment formatting at the nth column' '
 	git log --pretty="tformat:%h %><|(40)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF >expected &&
-$head1           message two          Z
-$head2           message one          Z
-$head3             add bar            Z
-$head4       $(commit_msg)      Z
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-EOF >expected &&
+	$head1           message two          Z
+	$head2           message one          Z
+	$head3             add bar            Z
+	$head4       $(commit_msg)      Z
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'center alignment formatting at the nth column' '
+	COLUMNS=70 git log --pretty="tformat:%h %><|(-30)%s" >actual &&
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-EOF >expected &&
+	$head1           message two          Z
+	$head2           message one          Z
+	$head3             add bar            Z
+	$head4       $(commit_msg)      Z
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'center alignment formatting at the nth column. i18n.logOutputEncoding' '
 	git -c i18n.logOutputEncoding=$test_encoding log --pretty="tformat:%h %><|(40)%s" >actual &&
-	qz_to_tab_space <<EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
-$head1           message two          Z
-$head2           message one          Z
-$head3             add bar            Z
-$head4       $(commit_msg)      Z
-EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
+	$head1           message two          Z
+	$head2           message one          Z
+	$head3             add bar            Z
+	$head4       $(commit_msg)      Z
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'center alignment formatting with no padding' '
 	git log --pretty="tformat:%><(1)%s" >actual &&
-	cat <<EOF >expected &&
-message two
-message one
-add bar
-$(commit_msg)
-EOF
+	cat <<-EOF >expected &&
+	message two
+	message one
+	add bar
+	$(commit_msg)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
@@ -400,34 +457,34 @@ EOF
 old_head1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD~0)
 test_expect_success 'center alignment formatting with no padding. i18n.logOutputEncoding' '
 	git -c i18n.logOutputEncoding=$test_encoding log --pretty="tformat:%><(1)%s" >actual &&
-	cat <<EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
-message two
-message one
-add bar
-$(commit_msg)
-EOF
+	cat <<-EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
+	message two
+	message one
+	add bar
+	$(commit_msg)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'left/right alignment formatting with stealing' '
 	git commit --amend -m short --author "long long long <long@me.com>" &&
 	git log --pretty="tformat:%<(10,trunc)%s%>>(10,ltrunc)% an" >actual &&
-	cat <<EOF >expected &&
-short long  long long
-message ..   A U Thor
-add bar      A U Thor
-initial...   A U Thor
-EOF
+	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	short long  long long
+	message ..   A U Thor
+	add bar      A U Thor
+	initial...   A U Thor
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 test_expect_success 'left/right alignment formatting with stealing. i18n.logOutputEncoding' '
 	git -c i18n.logOutputEncoding=$test_encoding log --pretty="tformat:%<(10,trunc)%s%>>(10,ltrunc)% an" >actual &&
-	cat <<EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
-short long  long long
-message ..   A U Thor
-add bar      A U Thor
-initial...   A U Thor
-EOF
+	cat <<-\EOF | iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding >expected &&
+	short long  long long
+	message ..   A U Thor
+	add bar      A U Thor
+	initial...   A U Thor
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
@@ -447,8 +504,10 @@ test_expect_success 'ISO and ISO-strict date formats display the same values' '
 '
 
 # get new digests (with no abbreviations)
-head1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD~0) &&
-head2=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD~1) &&
+test_expect_success 'set up log decoration tests' '
+	head1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD~0) &&
+	head2=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD~1)
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'log decoration properly follows tag chain' '
 	git tag -a tag1 -m tag1 &&
@@ -456,24 +515,87 @@ test_expect_success 'log decoration properly follows tag chain' '
 	git tag -d tag1 &&
 	git commit --amend -m shorter &&
 	git log --no-walk --tags --pretty="%H %d" --decorate=full >actual &&
-	cat <<EOF >expected &&
-$head1  (tag: refs/tags/tag2)
-$head2  (tag: refs/tags/message-one)
-$old_head1  (tag: refs/tags/message-two)
-EOF
-	sort actual >actual1 &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expected &&
+	$head2  (tag: refs/tags/message-one)
+	$old_head1  (tag: refs/tags/message-two)
+	$head1  (tag: refs/tags/tag2)
+	EOF
+	sort -k3 actual >actual1 &&
 	test_cmp expected actual1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clean log decoration' '
 	git log --no-walk --tags --pretty="%H %D" --decorate=full >actual &&
-	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-$head1 tag: refs/tags/tag2
-$head2 tag: refs/tags/message-one
-$old_head1 tag: refs/tags/message-two
-EOF
-	sort actual >actual1 &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	$head2 tag: refs/tags/message-one
+	$old_head1 tag: refs/tags/message-two
+	$head1 tag: refs/tags/tag2
+	EOF
+	sort -k3 actual >actual1 &&
 	test_cmp expected actual1
 '
 
+cat >trailers <<EOF
+Signed-off-by: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Acked-by: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+[ v2 updated patch description ]
+Signed-off-by: A U Thor
+  <author@example.com>
+EOF
+
+unfold () {
+	perl -0pe 's/\n\s+/ /g'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'set up trailer tests' '
+	echo "Some contents" >trailerfile &&
+	git add trailerfile &&
+	git commit -F - <<-EOF
+	trailers: this commit message has trailers
+
+	This commit is a test commit with trailers at the end. We parse this
+	message and display the trailers using %(trailers).
+
+	$(cat trailers)
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pretty format %(trailers) shows trailers' '
+	git log --no-walk --pretty="%(trailers)" >actual &&
+	{
+		cat trailers &&
+		echo
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(trailers:only) shows only "key: value" trailers' '
+	git log --no-walk --pretty="%(trailers:only)" >actual &&
+	{
+		grep -v patch.description <trailers &&
+		echo
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(trailers:unfold) unfolds trailers' '
+	git log --no-walk --pretty="%(trailers:unfold)" >actual &&
+	{
+		unfold <trailers &&
+		echo
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success ':only and :unfold work together' '
+	git log --no-walk --pretty="%(trailers:only,unfold)" >actual &&
+	git log --no-walk --pretty="%(trailers:unfold,only)" >reverse &&
+	test_cmp actual reverse &&
+	{
+		grep -v patch.description <trailers | unfold &&
+		echo
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4207-log-decoration-colors.sh b/t/t4207-log-decoration-colors.sh
index 925f577a3c..60f040cab8 100755
--- a/t/t4207-log-decoration-colors.sh
+++ b/t/t4207-log-decoration-colors.sh
@@ -7,11 +7,6 @@ test_description='Test for "git log --decorate" colors'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-get_color ()
-{
-	git config --get-color no.such.slot "$1"
-}
-
 test_expect_success setup '
 	git config diff.color.commit yellow &&
 	git config color.decorate.branch green &&
@@ -20,14 +15,14 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git config color.decorate.stash magenta &&
 	git config color.decorate.HEAD cyan &&
 
-	c_reset=$(get_color reset) &&
+	c_reset="<RESET>" &&
 
-	c_commit=$(get_color yellow) &&
-	c_branch=$(get_color green) &&
-	c_remoteBranch=$(get_color red) &&
-	c_tag=$(get_color "reverse bold yellow") &&
-	c_stash=$(get_color magenta) &&
-	c_HEAD=$(get_color cyan) &&
+	c_commit="<YELLOW>" &&
+	c_branch="<GREEN>" &&
+	c_remoteBranch="<RED>" &&
+	c_tag="<BOLD;REVERSE;YELLOW>" &&
+	c_stash="<MAGENTA>" &&
+	c_HEAD="<CYAN>" &&
 
 	test_commit A &&
 	git clone . other &&
@@ -44,22 +39,23 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 '
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
-${c_commit}COMMIT_ID${c_reset}${c_commit} (${c_HEAD}HEAD${c_reset}${c_commit},\
- ${c_tag}tag: v1.0${c_reset}${c_commit},\
- ${c_tag}tag: B${c_reset}${c_commit},\
- ${c_branch}master${c_reset}${c_commit})${c_reset} B
-${c_commit}COMMIT_ID${c_reset}${c_commit} (${c_tag}tag: A1${c_reset}${c_commit},\
- ${c_remoteBranch}other/master${c_reset}${c_commit})${c_reset} A1
-${c_commit}COMMIT_ID${c_reset}${c_commit} (${c_stash}refs/stash${c_reset}${c_commit})${c_reset}\
+${c_commit}COMMIT_ID${c_reset}${c_commit} (${c_reset}${c_HEAD}HEAD ->\
+ ${c_reset}${c_branch}master${c_reset}${c_commit},\
+ ${c_reset}${c_tag}tag: v1.0${c_reset}${c_commit},\
+ ${c_reset}${c_tag}tag: B${c_reset}${c_commit})${c_reset} B
+${c_commit}COMMIT_ID${c_reset}${c_commit} (${c_reset}${c_tag}tag: A1${c_reset}${c_commit},\
+ ${c_reset}${c_remoteBranch}other/master${c_reset}${c_commit})${c_reset} A1
+${c_commit}COMMIT_ID${c_reset}${c_commit} (${c_reset}${c_stash}refs/stash${c_reset}${c_commit})${c_reset}\
  On master: Changes to A.t
-${c_commit}COMMIT_ID${c_reset}${c_commit} (${c_tag}tag: A${c_reset}${c_commit})${c_reset} A
+${c_commit}COMMIT_ID${c_reset}${c_commit} (${c_reset}${c_tag}tag: A${c_reset}${c_commit})${c_reset} A
 EOF
 
 # We want log to show all, but the second parent to refs/stash is irrelevant
 # to this test since it does not contain any decoration, hence --first-parent
 test_expect_success 'Commit Decorations Colored Correctly' '
 	git log --first-parent --abbrev=10 --all --decorate --oneline --color=always |
-	sed "s/[0-9a-f]\{10,10\}/COMMIT_ID/" >out &&
+	sed "s/[0-9a-f]\{10,10\}/COMMIT_ID/" |
+	test_decode_color >out &&
 	test_cmp expected out
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t4208-log-magic-pathspec.sh b/t/t4208-log-magic-pathspec.sh
index d8f23f488e..4c8f3b8e1b 100755
--- a/t/t4208-log-magic-pathspec.sh
+++ b/t/t4208-log-magic-pathspec.sh
@@ -18,20 +18,52 @@ test_expect_success '"git log :/" should not be ambiguous' '
 test_expect_success '"git log :/a" should be ambiguous (applied both rev and worktree)' '
 	: >a &&
 	test_must_fail git log :/a 2>error &&
-	grep ambiguous error
+	test_i18ngrep ambiguous error
 '
 
 test_expect_success '"git log :/a -- " should not be ambiguous' '
 	git log :/a --
 '
 
+test_expect_success '"git log :/detached -- " should find a commit only in HEAD' '
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	git checkout --detach &&
+	# Must manually call `test_tick` instead of using `test_commit`,
+	# because the latter additionally creates a tag, which would make
+	# the commit reachable not only via HEAD.
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m detached &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m something-else &&
+	git log :/detached --
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git log :/detached -- " should not find an orphaned commit' '
+	test_must_fail git log :/detached --
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git log :/detached -- " should find HEAD only of own worktree' '
+	git worktree add other-tree HEAD &&
+	git -C other-tree checkout --detach &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git -C other-tree commit --allow-empty -m other-detached &&
+	git -C other-tree log :/other-detached -- &&
+	test_must_fail git log :/other-detached --
+'
+
 test_expect_success '"git log -- :/a" should not be ambiguous' '
 	git log -- :/a
 '
 
+# This differs from the ":/a" check above in that :/in looks like a pathspec,
+# but doesn't match an actual file.
+test_expect_success '"git log :/in" should not be ambiguous' '
+	git log :/in
+'
+
 test_expect_success '"git log :" should be ambiguous' '
 	test_must_fail git log : 2>error &&
-	grep ambiguous error
+	test_i18ngrep ambiguous error
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git log -- :' '
@@ -39,13 +71,40 @@ test_expect_success 'git log -- :' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git log HEAD -- :/' '
+	initial=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD^) &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-	24b24cf initial
+	$initial initial
 	EOF
 	(cd sub && git log --oneline HEAD -- :/ >../actual) &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success '"git log :^sub" is not ambiguous' '
+	git log :^sub
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git log :^does-not-exist" does not match anything' '
+	test_must_fail git log :^does-not-exist
+'
+
+test_expect_success  '"git log :!" behaves the same as :^' '
+	git log :!sub &&
+	test_must_fail git log :!does-not-exist
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git log :(exclude)sub" is not ambiguous' '
+	git log ":(exclude)sub"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git log :(exclude)sub --" must resolve as an object' '
+	test_must_fail git log ":(exclude)sub" --
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git log :(unknown-magic) complains of bogus magic' '
+	test_must_fail git log ":(unknown-magic)" 2>error &&
+	test_i18ngrep pathspec.magic error
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'command line pathspec parsing for "git log"' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	>a &&
@@ -61,4 +120,23 @@ test_expect_success 'command line pathspec parsing for "git log"' '
 	git log --merge -- a
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'tree_entry_interesting does not match past submodule boundaries' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf repo submodule" &&
+	git init submodule &&
+	test_commit -C submodule initial &&
+	git init repo &&
+	>"repo/[bracket]" &&
+	git -C repo add "[bracket]" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git -C repo commit -m bracket &&
+	git -C repo rev-list HEAD -- "[bracket]" >expect &&
+
+	git -C repo submodule add ../submodule &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git -C repo commit -m submodule &&
+
+	git -C repo rev-list HEAD -- "[bracket]" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4210-log-i18n.sh b/t/t4210-log-i18n.sh
index e585fe6129..7c519436ef 100755
--- a/t/t4210-log-i18n.sh
+++ b/t/t4210-log-i18n.sh
@@ -44,15 +44,13 @@ test_expect_success !MINGW 'log --grep searches in log output encoding (latin1)'
 '
 
 test_expect_success !MINGW 'log --grep does not find non-reencoded values (utf8)' '
-	>expect &&
 	git log --encoding=utf8 --format=%s --grep=$latin1_e >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'log --grep does not find non-reencoded values (latin1)' '
-	>expect &&
 	git log --encoding=ISO-8859-1 --format=%s --grep=$utf8_e >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4211-line-log.sh b/t/t4211-line-log.sh
index 0901b30982..ef1322148e 100755
--- a/t/t4211-line-log.sh
+++ b/t/t4211-line-log.sh
@@ -54,14 +54,13 @@ canned_test "-L 4:a.c -L 8,12:a.c simple" multiple-superset
 canned_test "-L 8,12:a.c -L 4:a.c simple" multiple-superset
 
 test_bad_opts "-L" "switch.*requires a value"
-test_bad_opts "-L b.c" "argument.*not of the form"
-test_bad_opts "-L 1:" "argument.*not of the form"
+test_bad_opts "-L b.c" "argument not .start,end:file"
+test_bad_opts "-L 1:" "argument not .start,end:file"
 test_bad_opts "-L 1:nonexistent" "There is no path"
 test_bad_opts "-L 1:simple" "There is no path"
-test_bad_opts "-L '/foo:b.c'" "argument.*not of the form"
+test_bad_opts "-L '/foo:b.c'" "argument not .start,end:file"
 test_bad_opts "-L 1000:b.c" "has only.*lines"
-test_bad_opts "-L 1,1000:b.c" "has only.*lines"
-test_bad_opts "-L :b.c" "argument.*not of the form"
+test_bad_opts "-L :b.c" "argument not .start,end:file"
 test_bad_opts "-L :foo:b.c" "no match"
 
 test_expect_success '-L X (X == nlines)' '
@@ -86,12 +85,12 @@ test_expect_success '-L ,Y (Y == nlines)' '
 
 test_expect_success '-L ,Y (Y == nlines + 1)' '
 	n=$(expr $(wc -l <b.c) + 1) &&
-	test_must_fail git log -L ,$n:b.c
+	git log -L ,$n:b.c
 '
 
 test_expect_success '-L ,Y (Y == nlines + 2)' '
 	n=$(expr $(wc -l <b.c) + 2) &&
-	test_must_fail git log -L ,$n:b.c
+	git log -L ,$n:b.c
 '
 
 test_expect_success '-L with --first-parent and a merge' '
@@ -99,4 +98,21 @@ test_expect_success '-L with --first-parent and a merge' '
 	git log --first-parent -L 1,1:b.c
 '
 
+test_expect_success '-L with --output' '
+	git checkout parallel-change &&
+	git log --output=log -L :main:b.c >output &&
+	test_must_be_empty output &&
+	test_line_count = 70 log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'range_set_union' '
+	test_seq 500 > c.c &&
+	git add c.c &&
+	git commit -m "many lines" &&
+	test_seq 1000 > c.c &&
+	git add c.c &&
+	git commit -m "modify many lines" &&
+	git log $(for x in $(test_seq 200); do echo -L $((2*x)),+1:c.c; done)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4212-log-corrupt.sh b/t/t4212-log-corrupt.sh
index 22aa8b7c0e..03b952c90d 100755
--- a/t/t4212-log-corrupt.sh
+++ b/t/t4212-log-corrupt.sh
@@ -26,22 +26,20 @@ test_expect_success 'git log with broken author email' '
 		echo
 		echo "    foo"
 	} >expect.out &&
-	: >expect.err &&
 
 	git log broken_email >actual.out 2>actual.err &&
 
 	test_cmp expect.out actual.out &&
-	test_cmp expect.err actual.err
+	test_must_be_empty actual.err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git log --format with broken author email' '
 	echo "A U Thor+author@example.com+Thu Apr 7 15:13:13 2005 -0700" >expect.out &&
-	: >expect.err &&
 
 	git log --format="%an+%ae+%ad" broken_email >actual.out 2>actual.err &&
 
 	test_cmp expect.out actual.out &&
-	test_cmp expect.err actual.err
+	test_must_be_empty actual.err
 '
 
 munge_author_date () {
diff --git a/t/t4213-log-tabexpand.sh b/t/t4213-log-tabexpand.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7f90f58c03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4213-log-tabexpand.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='log/show --expand-tabs'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+HT="	"
+title='tab indent at the beginning of the title line'
+body='tab indent on a line in the body'
+
+# usage: count_expand $indent $numSP $numHT @format_args
+count_expand ()
+{
+	expect=
+	count=$(( $1 + $2 )) ;# expected spaces
+	while test $count -gt 0
+	do
+		expect="$expect "
+		count=$(( $count - 1 ))
+	done
+	shift 2
+	count=$1 ;# expected tabs
+	while test $count -gt 0
+	do
+		expect="$expect$HT"
+		count=$(( $count - 1 ))
+	done
+	shift
+
+	# The remainder of the command line is "git show -s" options
+	case " $* " in
+	*' --pretty=short '*)
+		line=$title ;;
+	*)
+		line=$body ;;
+	esac
+
+	# Prefix the output with the command line arguments, and
+	# replace SP with a dot both in the expecte and actual output
+	# so that test_cmp would show the difference together with the
+	# breakage in a way easier to consume by the debugging user.
+	{
+		echo "git show -s $*"
+		echo "$expect$line"
+	} | sed -e 's/ /./g' >expect
+
+	{
+		echo "git show -s $*"
+		git show -s "$@" |
+		sed -n -e "/$line\$/p"
+	} | sed -e 's/ /./g' >actual
+
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+test_expand ()
+{
+	fmt=$1
+	case "$fmt" in
+	*=raw | *=short | *=email)
+		default="0 1" ;;
+	*)
+		default="8 0" ;;
+	esac
+	case "$fmt" in
+	*=email)
+		in=0 ;;
+	*)
+		in=4 ;;
+	esac
+	test_expect_success "expand/no-expand${fmt:+ for $fmt}" '
+		count_expand $in $default $fmt &&
+		count_expand $in 8 0 $fmt --expand-tabs &&
+		count_expand $in 8 0 --expand-tabs $fmt &&
+		count_expand $in 8 0 $fmt --expand-tabs=8 &&
+		count_expand $in 8 0 --expand-tabs=8 $fmt &&
+		count_expand $in 0 1 $fmt --no-expand-tabs &&
+		count_expand $in 0 1 --no-expand-tabs $fmt &&
+		count_expand $in 0 1 $fmt --expand-tabs=0 &&
+		count_expand $in 0 1 --expand-tabs=0 $fmt &&
+		count_expand $in 4 0 $fmt --expand-tabs=4 &&
+		count_expand $in 4 0 --expand-tabs=4 $fmt
+	'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_tick &&
+	sed -e "s/Q/$HT/g" <<-EOF >msg &&
+	Q$title
+
+	Q$body
+	EOF
+	git commit --allow-empty -F msg
+'
+
+test_expand ""
+test_expand --pretty
+test_expand --pretty=short
+test_expand --pretty=medium
+test_expand --pretty=full
+test_expand --pretty=fuller
+test_expand --pretty=raw
+test_expand --pretty=email
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4254-am-corrupt.sh b/t/t4254-am-corrupt.sh
index 85716dd6ec..fd3bdbfe2c 100755
--- a/t/t4254-am-corrupt.sh
+++ b/t/t4254-am-corrupt.sh
@@ -25,13 +25,13 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 #   fatal: unable to write file '(null)' mode 100644: Bad address
 # Also, it had the unwanted side-effect of deleting f.
 test_expect_success 'try to apply corrupted patch' '
-	test_must_fail git am bad-patch.diff 2>actual
+	test_must_fail git -c advice.amWorkDir=false am bad-patch.diff 2>actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'compare diagnostic; ensure file is still here' '
-	echo "fatal: git diff header lacks filename information (line 4)" >expected &&
+	echo "error: git diff header lacks filename information (line 4)" >expected &&
 	test_path_is_file f &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh b/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh
index 9015e47654..d87cc7d9ef 100755
--- a/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh
+++ b/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh
@@ -25,25 +25,19 @@ EXPECTED
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'file add !A, B' '
-	cat >expected <<\EXPECTED &&
-EXPECTED
-
 	git reset --hard initial &&
 	test_commit "add-not-a-b" "ONE" "AAA" &&
 	git merge-tree initial add-not-a-b initial >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'file add A, B (same)' '
-	cat >expected <<\EXPECTED &&
-EXPECTED
-
 	git reset --hard initial &&
 	test_commit "add-a-b-same-A" "ONE" "AAA" &&
 	git reset --hard initial &&
 	test_commit "add-a-b-same-B" "ONE" "AAA" &&
 	git merge-tree initial add-a-b-same-A add-a-b-same-B >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'file add A, B (different)' '
@@ -68,13 +62,10 @@ EXPECTED
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'file change A, !B' '
-	cat >expected <<\EXPECTED &&
-EXPECTED
-
 	git reset --hard initial &&
 	test_commit "change-a-not-b" "initial-file" "BBB" &&
 	git merge-tree initial change-a-not-b initial >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'file change !A, B' '
@@ -94,15 +85,12 @@ EXPECTED
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'file change A, B (same)' '
-	cat >expected <<\EXPECTED &&
-EXPECTED
-
 	git reset --hard initial &&
 	test_commit "change-a-b-same-A" "initial-file" "AAA" &&
 	git reset --hard initial &&
 	test_commit "change-a-b-same-B" "initial-file" "AAA" &&
 	git merge-tree initial change-a-b-same-A change-a-b-same-B >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'file change A, B (different)' '
@@ -175,16 +163,13 @@ AAA" &&
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'file remove A, !B' '
-	cat >expected <<\EXPECTED &&
-EXPECTED
-
 	git reset --hard initial &&
 	test_commit "rm-a-not-b-base" "ONE" "AAA" &&
 	git rm ONE &&
 	git commit -m "rm-a-not-b" &&
 	git tag "rm-a-not-b" &&
 	git merge-tree rm-a-not-b-base rm-a-not-b rm-a-not-b-base >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'file remove !A, B' '
@@ -206,16 +191,13 @@ EXPECTED
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'file remove A, B (same)' '
-	cat >expected <<\EXPECTED &&
-EXPECTED
-
 	git reset --hard initial &&
 	test_commit "rm-a-b-base" "ONE" "AAA" &&
 	git rm ONE &&
 	git commit -m "rm-a-b" &&
 	git tag "rm-a-b" &&
 	git merge-tree rm-a-b-base rm-a-b rm-a-b >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'file change A, remove B' '
@@ -260,13 +242,11 @@ EXPECTED
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'tree add A, B (same)' '
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	EOF
 	git reset --hard initial &&
 	mkdir sub &&
 	test_commit "add sub/file" "sub/file" "file" add-tree-A &&
 	git merge-tree initial add-tree-A add-tree-A >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'tree add A, B (different)' '
diff --git a/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh b/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
index 4b68bbafbe..2a97b27b0a 100755
--- a/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
+++ b/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ test_expect_success \
      ten=0123456789 && hundred=$ten$ten$ten$ten$ten$ten$ten$ten$ten$ten &&
      echo long filename >a/four$hundred &&
      mkdir a/bin &&
-     test-genrandom "frotz" 500000 >a/bin/sh &&
+     test-tool genrandom "frotz" 500000 >a/bin/sh &&
      printf "A\$Format:%s\$O" "$SUBSTFORMAT" >a/substfile1 &&
      printf "A not substituted O" >a/substfile2 &&
      if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS; then
@@ -179,11 +179,20 @@ test_expect_success 'git archive --remote' \
     'git archive --remote=. HEAD >b5.tar &&
     test_cmp_bin b.tar b5.tar'
 
+test_expect_success 'git archive --remote with configured remote' '
+	git config remote.foo.url . &&
+	(
+		cd a &&
+		git archive --remote=foo --output=../b5-nick.tar HEAD
+	) &&
+	test_cmp_bin b.tar b5-nick.tar
+'
+
 test_expect_success \
     'validate file modification time' \
     'mkdir extract &&
      "$TAR" xf b.tar -C extract a/a &&
-     test-chmtime -v +0 extract/a/a |cut -f 1 >b.mtime &&
+     test-tool chmtime --get extract/a/a >b.mtime &&
      echo "1117231200" >expected.mtime &&
      test_cmp expected.mtime b.mtime'
 
@@ -197,9 +206,15 @@ test_expect_success 'git archive with --output, override inferred format' '
 	test_cmp_bin b.tar d4.zip
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'git archive --list outside of a git repo' \
-    'GIT_DIR=some/non-existing/directory git archive --list'
+test_expect_success 'git archive --list outside of a git repo' '
+	nongit git archive --list
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive --remote outside of a git repo' '
+	git archive HEAD >expect.tar &&
+	nongit git archive --remote="$PWD" HEAD >actual.tar &&
+	test_cmp_bin expect.tar actual.tar
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'clients cannot access unreachable commits' '
 	test_commit unreachable &&
@@ -319,4 +334,78 @@ test_expect_success 'catch non-matching pathspec' '
 	test_must_fail git archive -v HEAD -- "*.abc" >/dev/null
 '
 
+# Pull the size and date of each entry in a tarfile using the system tar.
+#
+# We'll pull out only the year from the date; that avoids any question of
+# timezones impacting the result (as long as we keep our test times away from a
+# year boundary; our reference times are all in August).
+#
+# The output of tar_info is expected to be "<size> <year>", both in decimal. It
+# ignores the return value of tar. We have to do this, because some of our test
+# input is only partial (the real data is 64GB in some cases).
+tar_info () {
+	"$TAR" tvf "$1" |
+	awk '{
+		split($4, date, "-")
+		print $3 " " date[1]
+	}'
+}
+
+# See if our system tar can handle a tar file with huge sizes and dates far in
+# the future, and that we can actually parse its output.
+#
+# The reference file was generated by GNU tar, and the magic time and size are
+# both octal 01000000000001, which overflows normal ustar fields.
+test_lazy_prereq TAR_HUGE '
+	echo "68719476737 4147" >expect &&
+	tar_info "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5000/huge-and-future.tar >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success LONG_IS_64BIT 'set up repository with huge blob' '
+	obj_d=19 &&
+	obj_f=f9c8273ec45a8938e6999cb59b3ff66739902a &&
+	obj=${obj_d}${obj_f} &&
+	mkdir -p .git/objects/$obj_d &&
+	cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5000/$obj .git/objects/$obj_d/$obj_f &&
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644,$obj,huge &&
+	git commit -m huge
+'
+
+# We expect git to die with SIGPIPE here (otherwise we
+# would generate the whole 64GB).
+test_expect_success LONG_IS_64BIT 'generate tar with huge size' '
+	{
+		git archive HEAD
+		echo $? >exit-code
+	} | test_copy_bytes 4096 >huge.tar &&
+	echo 141 >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect exit-code
+'
+
+test_expect_success TAR_HUGE,LONG_IS_64BIT 'system tar can read our huge size' '
+	echo 68719476737 >expect &&
+	tar_info huge.tar | cut -d" " -f1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success TIME_IS_64BIT 'set up repository with far-future commit' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	echo content >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="@68719476737 +0000" \
+		git commit -m "tempori parendum"
+'
+
+test_expect_success TIME_IS_64BIT 'generate tar with future mtime' '
+	git archive HEAD >future.tar
+'
+
+test_expect_success TAR_HUGE,TIME_IS_64BIT,TIME_T_IS_64BIT 'system tar can read our future mtime' '
+	echo 4147 >expect &&
+	tar_info future.tar | cut -d" " -f2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5000/19f9c8273ec45a8938e6999cb59b3ff66739902a b/t/t5000/19f9c8273ec45a8938e6999cb59b3ff66739902a
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5cbe9ec312
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5000/19f9c8273ec45a8938e6999cb59b3ff66739902a
diff --git a/t/t5000/huge-and-future.tar b/t/t5000/huge-and-future.tar
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..63155e1855
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5000/huge-and-future.tar
diff --git a/t/t5001-archive-attr.sh b/t/t5001-archive-attr.sh
index b04d955bfa..e9aa97117a 100755
--- a/t/t5001-archive-attr.sh
+++ b/t/t5001-archive-attr.sh
@@ -7,11 +7,15 @@ test_description='git archive attribute tests'
 SUBSTFORMAT='%H (%h)%n'
 
 test_expect_exists() {
-	test_expect_success " $1 exists" "test -e $1"
+	test_expect_${2:-success} " $1 exists" "test -e $1"
 }
 
 test_expect_missing() {
-	test_expect_success " $1 does not exist" "test ! -e $1"
+	test_expect_${2:-success} " $1 does not exist" "test ! -e $1"
+}
+
+extract_tar_to_dir () {
+	(mkdir "$1" && cd "$1" && "$TAR" xf -) <"$1.tar"
 }
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
@@ -21,12 +25,19 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 
 	echo ignored by tree >ignored-by-tree &&
 	echo ignored-by-tree export-ignore >.gitattributes &&
-	git add ignored-by-tree .gitattributes &&
+	mkdir ignored-by-tree.d &&
+	>ignored-by-tree.d/file &&
+	echo ignored-by-tree.d export-ignore >>.gitattributes &&
+	git add ignored-by-tree ignored-by-tree.d .gitattributes &&
 
 	echo ignored by worktree >ignored-by-worktree &&
 	echo ignored-by-worktree export-ignore >.gitattributes &&
 	git add ignored-by-worktree &&
 
+	mkdir excluded-by-pathspec.d &&
+	>excluded-by-pathspec.d/file &&
+	git add excluded-by-pathspec.d &&
+
 	printf "A\$Format:%s\$O" "$SUBSTFORMAT" >nosubstfile &&
 	printf "A\$Format:%s\$O" "$SUBSTFORMAT" >substfile1 &&
 	printf "A not substituted O" >substfile2 &&
@@ -46,7 +57,37 @@ test_expect_success 'git archive' '
 
 test_expect_missing	archive/ignored
 test_expect_missing	archive/ignored-by-tree
+test_expect_missing	archive/ignored-by-tree.d
+test_expect_missing	archive/ignored-by-tree.d/file
 test_expect_exists	archive/ignored-by-worktree
+test_expect_exists	archive/excluded-by-pathspec.d
+test_expect_exists	archive/excluded-by-pathspec.d/file
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive with pathspec' '
+	git archive HEAD ":!excluded-by-pathspec.d" >archive-pathspec.tar &&
+	extract_tar_to_dir archive-pathspec
+'
+
+test_expect_missing	archive-pathspec/ignored
+test_expect_missing	archive-pathspec/ignored-by-tree
+test_expect_missing	archive-pathspec/ignored-by-tree.d
+test_expect_missing	archive-pathspec/ignored-by-tree.d/file
+test_expect_exists	archive-pathspec/ignored-by-worktree
+test_expect_missing	archive-pathspec/excluded-by-pathspec.d
+test_expect_missing	archive-pathspec/excluded-by-pathspec.d/file
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive with wildcard pathspec' '
+	git archive HEAD ":!excluded-by-p*" >archive-pathspec-wildcard.tar &&
+	extract_tar_to_dir archive-pathspec-wildcard
+'
+
+test_expect_missing	archive-pathspec-wildcard/ignored
+test_expect_missing	archive-pathspec-wildcard/ignored-by-tree
+test_expect_missing	archive-pathspec-wildcard/ignored-by-tree.d
+test_expect_missing	archive-pathspec-wildcard/ignored-by-tree.d/file
+test_expect_exists	archive-pathspec-wildcard/ignored-by-worktree
+test_expect_missing	archive-pathspec-wildcard/excluded-by-pathspec.d
+test_expect_missing	archive-pathspec-wildcard/excluded-by-pathspec.d/file
 
 test_expect_success 'git archive with worktree attributes' '
 	git archive --worktree-attributes HEAD >worktree.tar &&
diff --git a/t/t5002-archive-attr-pattern.sh b/t/t5002-archive-attr-pattern.sh
index 6667d159ab..bda6d7d7e9 100755
--- a/t/t5002-archive-attr-pattern.sh
+++ b/t/t5002-archive-attr-pattern.sh
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ test_expect_missing	archive/deep/and/slashless/ &&
 test_expect_missing	archive/deep/and/slashless/foo &&
 test_expect_missing	archive/deep/with/wildcard/ &&
 test_expect_missing	archive/deep/with/wildcard/foo &&
-test_expect_exists	archive/one-level-lower/
+test_expect_missing	archive/one-level-lower/
 test_expect_missing	archive/one-level-lower/two-levels-lower/ignored-only-if-dir/
 test_expect_missing	archive/one-level-lower/two-levels-lower/ignored-ony-if-dir/ignored-by-ignored-dir
 
diff --git a/t/t5003-archive-zip.sh b/t/t5003-archive-zip.sh
index 14744b2a4b..55c7870997 100755
--- a/t/t5003-archive-zip.sh
+++ b/t/t5003-archive-zip.sh
@@ -64,6 +64,12 @@ check_zip() {
 		test_cmp_bin $original/nodiff.crlf $extracted/nodiff.crlf &&
 		test_cmp_bin $original/nodiff.lf   $extracted/nodiff.lf
 	"
+
+	test_expect_success UNZIP " validate that custom diff is unchanged " "
+		test_cmp_bin $original/custom.cr   $extracted/custom.cr &&
+		test_cmp_bin $original/custom.crlf $extracted/custom.crlf &&
+		test_cmp_bin $original/custom.lf   $extracted/custom.lf
+	"
 }
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -78,6 +84,9 @@ test_expect_success \
      printf "text\r"	>a/nodiff.cr &&
      printf "text\r\n"	>a/nodiff.crlf &&
      printf "text\n"	>a/nodiff.lf &&
+     printf "text\r"	>a/custom.cr &&
+     printf "text\r\n"	>a/custom.crlf &&
+     printf "text\n"	>a/custom.lf &&
      printf "\0\r"	>a/binary.cr &&
      printf "\0\r\n"	>a/binary.crlf &&
      printf "\0\n"	>a/binary.lf &&
@@ -112,15 +121,20 @@ test_expect_success 'add files to repository' '
 test_expect_success 'setup export-subst and diff attributes' '
 	echo "a/nodiff.* -diff" >>.git/info/attributes &&
 	echo "a/diff.* diff" >>.git/info/attributes &&
+	echo "a/custom.* diff=custom" >>.git/info/attributes &&
+	git config diff.custom.binary true &&
 	echo "substfile?" export-subst >>.git/info/attributes &&
 	git log --max-count=1 "--pretty=format:A${SUBSTFORMAT}O" HEAD \
 		>a/substfile1
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'create bare clone' \
-    'git clone --bare . bare.git &&
-     cp .git/info/attributes bare.git/info/attributes'
+test_expect_success 'create bare clone' '
+	git clone --bare . bare.git &&
+	cp .git/info/attributes bare.git/info/attributes &&
+	# Recreate our changes to .git/config rather than just copying it, as
+	# we do not want to clobber core.bare or other settings.
+	git -C bare.git config diff.custom.binary true
+'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'remove ignored file' \
diff --git a/t/t5004-archive-corner-cases.sh b/t/t5004-archive-corner-cases.sh
index 654addaae3..ced44355ca 100755
--- a/t/t5004-archive-corner-cases.sh
+++ b/t/t5004-archive-corner-cases.sh
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@ check_dir() {
 	test_cmp expect actual
 }
 
+test_lazy_prereq UNZIP_ZIP64_SUPPORT '
+	"$GIT_UNZIP" -v | grep ZIP64_SUPPORT
+'
 
 # bsdtar/libarchive versions before 3.1.3 consider a tar file with a
 # global pax header that is not followed by a file record as corrupt.
@@ -105,14 +108,101 @@ test_expect_success 'archive empty subtree with no pathspec' '
 	git archive --format=tar $root_tree >subtree-all.tar &&
 	make_dir extract &&
 	"$TAR" xf subtree-all.tar -C extract &&
-	check_dir extract sub
+	check_dir extract
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'archive empty subtree by direct pathspec' '
 	git archive --format=tar $root_tree -- sub >subtree-path.tar &&
 	make_dir extract &&
 	"$TAR" xf subtree-path.tar -C extract &&
-	check_dir extract sub
+	check_dir extract
+'
+
+ZIPINFO=zipinfo
+
+test_lazy_prereq ZIPINFO '
+	n=$("$ZIPINFO" "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5004/empty.zip | sed -n "2s/.* //p")
+	test "x$n" = "x0"
+'
+
+test_expect_success ZIPINFO 'zip archive with many entries' '
+	# add a directory with 256 files
+	mkdir 00 &&
+	for a in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f
+	do
+		for b in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f
+		do
+			: >00/$a$b
+		done
+	done &&
+	git add 00 &&
+	git commit -m "256 files in 1 directory" &&
+
+	# duplicate it to get 65536 files in 256 directories
+	subtree=$(git write-tree --prefix=00/) &&
+	for c in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f
+	do
+		for d in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f
+		do
+			echo "040000 tree $subtree	$c$d"
+		done
+	done >tree &&
+	tree=$(git mktree <tree) &&
+
+	# zip them
+	git archive -o many.zip $tree &&
+
+	# check the number of entries in the ZIP file directory
+	expr 65536 + 256 >expect &&
+	"$ZIPINFO" many.zip | head -2 | sed -n "2s/.* //p" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success EXPENSIVE,UNZIP,UNZIP_ZIP64_SUPPORT \
+	'zip archive bigger than 4GB' '
+	# build string containing 65536 characters
+	s=0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef &&
+	s=$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s &&
+	s=$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s$s &&
+
+	# create blob with a length of 65536 + 1 bytes
+	blob=$(echo $s | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+
+	# create tree containing 65500 entries of that blob
+	for i in $(test_seq 1 65500)
+	do
+		echo "100644 blob $blob	$i"
+	done >tree &&
+	tree=$(git mktree <tree) &&
+
+	# zip it, creating an archive a bit bigger than 4GB
+	git archive -0 -o many-big.zip $tree &&
+
+	"$GIT_UNZIP" -t many-big.zip 9999 65500 &&
+	"$GIT_UNZIP" -t many-big.zip
+'
+
+test_expect_success EXPENSIVE,LONG_IS_64BIT,UNZIP,UNZIP_ZIP64_SUPPORT,ZIPINFO \
+	'zip archive with files bigger than 4GB' '
+	# Pack created with:
+	#   dd if=/dev/zero of=file bs=1M count=4100 && git hash-object -w file
+	mkdir -p .git/objects/pack &&
+	(
+		cd .git/objects/pack &&
+		"$GIT_UNZIP" "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5004/big-pack.zip
+	) &&
+	blob=754a93d6fada4c6873360e6cb4b209132271ab0e &&
+	size=$(expr 4100 "*" 1024 "*" 1024) &&
+
+	# create a tree containing the file
+	tree=$(echo "100644 blob $blob	big-file" | git mktree) &&
+
+	# zip it, creating an archive with a file bigger than 4GB
+	git archive -o big.zip $tree &&
+
+	"$GIT_UNZIP" -t big.zip &&
+	"$ZIPINFO" big.zip >big.lst &&
+	grep $size big.lst
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5004/big-pack.zip b/t/t5004/big-pack.zip
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..caaf614eee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5004/big-pack.zip
diff --git a/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh b/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh
index e97cfb2ab8..9690dcad4f 100755
--- a/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh
+++ b/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh
@@ -7,37 +7,39 @@ test_description='git mailinfo and git mailsplit test'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+DATA="$TEST_DIRECTORY/t5100"
+
 test_expect_success 'split sample box' \
-	'git mailsplit -o. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/sample.mbox >last &&
-	last=`cat last` &&
+	'git mailsplit -o. "$DATA/sample.mbox" >last &&
+	last=$(cat last) &&
 	echo total is $last &&
-	test `cat last` = 17'
+	test $(cat last) = 18'
 
 check_mailinfo () {
 	mail=$1 opt=$2
 	mo="$mail$opt"
-	git mailinfo -u $opt msg$mo patch$mo <$mail >info$mo &&
-	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/msg$mo msg$mo &&
-	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/patch$mo patch$mo &&
-	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/info$mo info$mo
+	git mailinfo -u $opt "msg$mo" "patch$mo" <"$mail" >"info$mo" &&
+	test_cmp "$DATA/msg$mo" "msg$mo" &&
+	test_cmp "$DATA/patch$mo" "patch$mo" &&
+	test_cmp "$DATA/info$mo" "info$mo"
 }
 
 
-for mail in `echo 00*`
+for mail in 00*
 do
 	test_expect_success "mailinfo $mail" '
-		check_mailinfo $mail "" &&
-		if test -f "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/msg$mail--scissors
+		check_mailinfo "$mail" "" &&
+		if test -f "$DATA/msg$mail--scissors"
 		then
-			check_mailinfo $mail --scissors
+			check_mailinfo "$mail" --scissors
 		fi &&
-		if test -f "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/msg$mail--no-inbody-headers
+		if test -f "$DATA/msg$mail--no-inbody-headers"
 		then
-			check_mailinfo $mail --no-inbody-headers
+			check_mailinfo "$mail" --no-inbody-headers
 		fi &&
-		if test -f "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/msg$mail--message-id
+		if test -f "$DATA/msg$mail--message-id"
 		then
-			check_mailinfo $mail --message-id
+			check_mailinfo "$mail" --message-id
 		fi
 	'
 done
@@ -45,29 +47,29 @@ done
 
 test_expect_success 'split box with rfc2047 samples' \
 	'mkdir rfc2047 &&
-	git mailsplit -orfc2047 "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/rfc2047-samples.mbox \
+	git mailsplit -orfc2047 "$DATA/rfc2047-samples.mbox" \
 	  >rfc2047/last &&
-	last=`cat rfc2047/last` &&
+	last=$(cat rfc2047/last) &&
 	echo total is $last &&
-	test `cat rfc2047/last` = 11'
+	test $(cat rfc2047/last) = 11'
 
-for mail in `echo rfc2047/00*`
+for mail in rfc2047/00*
 do
 	test_expect_success "mailinfo $mail" '
-		git mailinfo -u $mail-msg $mail-patch <$mail >$mail-info &&
+		git mailinfo -u "$mail-msg" "$mail-patch" <"$mail" >"$mail-info" &&
 		echo msg &&
-		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/empty $mail-msg &&
+		test_cmp "$DATA/empty" "$mail-msg" &&
 		echo patch &&
-		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/empty $mail-patch &&
+		test_cmp "$DATA/empty" "$mail-patch" &&
 		echo info &&
-		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/rfc2047-info-$(basename $mail) $mail-info
+		test_cmp "$DATA/rfc2047-info-$(basename $mail)" "$mail-info"
 	'
 done
 
 test_expect_success 'respect NULs' '
 
-	git mailsplit -d3 -o. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/nul-plain &&
-	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/nul-plain 001 &&
+	git mailsplit -d3 -o. "$DATA/nul-plain" &&
+	test_cmp "$DATA/nul-plain" 001 &&
 	(cat 001 | git mailinfo msg patch) &&
 	test_line_count = 4 patch
 
@@ -75,40 +77,140 @@ test_expect_success 'respect NULs' '
 
 test_expect_success 'Preserve NULs out of MIME encoded message' '
 
-	git mailsplit -d5 -o. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/nul-b64.in &&
-	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/nul-b64.in 00001 &&
+	git mailsplit -d5 -o. "$DATA/nul-b64.in" &&
+	test_cmp "$DATA/nul-b64.in" 00001 &&
 	git mailinfo msg patch <00001 &&
-	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/nul-b64.expect patch
+	test_cmp "$DATA/nul-b64.expect" patch
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'mailinfo on from header without name works' '
 
 	mkdir info-from &&
-	git mailsplit -oinfo-from "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/info-from.in &&
-	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/info-from.in info-from/0001 &&
+	git mailsplit -oinfo-from "$DATA/info-from.in" &&
+	test_cmp "$DATA/info-from.in" info-from/0001 &&
 	git mailinfo info-from/msg info-from/patch \
 	  <info-from/0001 >info-from/out &&
-	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/info-from.expect info-from/out
+	test_cmp "$DATA/info-from.expect" info-from/out
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'mailinfo finds headers after embedded From line' '
 	mkdir embed-from &&
-	git mailsplit -oembed-from "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/embed-from.in &&
-	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/embed-from.in embed-from/0001 &&
+	git mailsplit -oembed-from "$DATA/embed-from.in" &&
+	test_cmp "$DATA/embed-from.in" embed-from/0001 &&
 	git mailinfo embed-from/msg embed-from/patch \
 	  <embed-from/0001 >embed-from/out &&
-	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/embed-from.expect embed-from/out
+	test_cmp "$DATA/embed-from.expect" embed-from/out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'mailinfo on message with quoted >From' '
 	mkdir quoted-from &&
-	git mailsplit -oquoted-from "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/quoted-from.in &&
-	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/quoted-from.in quoted-from/0001 &&
+	git mailsplit -oquoted-from "$DATA/quoted-from.in" &&
+	test_cmp "$DATA/quoted-from.in" quoted-from/0001 &&
 	git mailinfo quoted-from/msg quoted-from/patch \
 	  <quoted-from/0001 >quoted-from/out &&
-	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/quoted-from.expect quoted-from/msg
+	test_cmp "$DATA/quoted-from.expect" quoted-from/msg
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailinfo unescapes with --mboxrd' '
+	mkdir mboxrd &&
+	git mailsplit -omboxrd --mboxrd \
+		"$DATA/sample.mboxrd" >last &&
+	test x"$(cat last)" = x2 &&
+	for i in 0001 0002
+	do
+		git mailinfo mboxrd/msg mboxrd/patch \
+		  <mboxrd/$i >mboxrd/out &&
+		test_cmp "$DATA/${i}mboxrd" mboxrd/msg
+	done &&
+	sp=" " &&
+	echo "From " >expect &&
+	echo "From " >>expect &&
+	echo >> expect &&
+	cat >sp <<-INPUT_END &&
+	From mboxrd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+	From: trailing spacer <sp@example.com>
+	Subject: [PATCH] a commit with trailing space
+
+	From$sp
+	>From$sp
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	git mailsplit -f2 -omboxrd --mboxrd <sp >last &&
+	test x"$(cat last)" = x1 &&
+	git mailinfo mboxrd/msg mboxrd/patch <mboxrd/0003 &&
+	test_cmp expect mboxrd/msg
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailinfo handles rfc2822 quoted-string' '
+	mkdir quoted-string &&
+	git mailinfo /dev/null /dev/null <"$DATA/quoted-string.in" \
+		>quoted-string/info &&
+	test_cmp "$DATA/quoted-string.expect" quoted-string/info
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailinfo handles rfc2822 comment' '
+	mkdir comment &&
+	git mailinfo /dev/null /dev/null <"$DATA/comment.in" \
+		>comment/info &&
+	test_cmp "$DATA/comment.expect" comment/info
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailinfo with mailinfo.scissors config' '
+	test_config mailinfo.scissors true &&
+	(
+		mkdir sub &&
+		cd sub &&
+		git mailinfo ../msg0014.sc ../patch0014.sc <../0014 >../info0014.sc
+	) &&
+	test_cmp "$DATA/msg0014--scissors" msg0014.sc &&
+	test_cmp "$DATA/patch0014--scissors" patch0014.sc &&
+	test_cmp "$DATA/info0014--scissors" info0014.sc
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'mailinfo no options' '
+	subj="$(echo "Subject: [PATCH] [other] [PATCH] message" |
+		git mailinfo /dev/null /dev/null)" &&
+	test z"$subj" = z"Subject: message"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailinfo -k' '
+	subj="$(echo "Subject: [PATCH] [other] [PATCH] message" |
+		git mailinfo -k /dev/null /dev/null)" &&
+	test z"$subj" = z"Subject: [PATCH] [other] [PATCH] message"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailinfo -b no [PATCH]' '
+	subj="$(echo "Subject: [other] message" |
+		git mailinfo -b /dev/null /dev/null)" &&
+	test z"$subj" = z"Subject: [other] message"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailinfo -b leading [PATCH]' '
+	subj="$(echo "Subject: [PATCH] [other] message" |
+		git mailinfo -b /dev/null /dev/null)" &&
+	test z"$subj" = z"Subject: [other] message"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailinfo -b double [PATCH]' '
+	subj="$(echo "Subject: [PATCH] [PATCH] message" |
+		git mailinfo -b /dev/null /dev/null)" &&
+	test z"$subj" = z"Subject: message"
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'mailinfo -b trailing [PATCH]' '
+	subj="$(echo "Subject: [other] [PATCH] message" |
+		git mailinfo -b /dev/null /dev/null)" &&
+	test z"$subj" = z"Subject: [other] message"
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'mailinfo -b separated double [PATCH]' '
+	subj="$(echo "Subject: [PATCH] [other] [PATCH] message" |
+		git mailinfo -b /dev/null /dev/null)" &&
+	test z"$subj" = z"Subject: [other] message"
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5100/0001mboxrd b/t/t5100/0001mboxrd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..494ec554b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/0001mboxrd
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+From the beginning, mbox should have been mboxrd
+>From escaped
+From not mangled but this line should have been escaped
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/0002mboxrd b/t/t5100/0002mboxrd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..71343d41f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/0002mboxrd
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+ >From unchanged
+ From also unchanged
+no trailing space, no escaping necessary and '>' was intended:
+>From
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/comment.expect b/t/t5100/comment.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7228177984
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/comment.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: A U Thor (this is (really) a comment (honestly))
+Email: somebody@example.com
+Subject: testing comments
+Date: Sun, 25 May 2008 00:38:18 -0700
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/comment.in b/t/t5100/comment.in
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c53a192dfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/comment.in
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+From 1234567890123456789012345678901234567890 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: "A U Thor" <somebody@example.com> (this is \(really\) a comment (honestly))
+Date: Sun, 25 May 2008 00:38:18 -0700
+Subject: [PATCH] testing comments
+
+
+
+---
+patch
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0018 b/t/t5100/info0018
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d53e7491c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0018
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: Another Thor
+Email: a.thor@example.com
+Subject: This one contains a tab and a space
+Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0018--no-inbody-headers b/t/t5100/info0018--no-inbody-headers
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..30b17bd913
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0018--no-inbody-headers
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: A U Thor
+Email: a.u.thor@example.com
+Subject: check multiline inbody headers
+Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0015 b/t/t5100/msg0015
index 4abb3d5c6c..e69de29bb2 100644
--- a/t/t5100/msg0015
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0015
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-  - a list
-  - of stuff
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0018 b/t/t5100/msg0018
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..56de83d7fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0018
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+a commit message
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0018--no-inbody-headers b/t/t5100/msg0018--no-inbody-headers
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b1e05d3862
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0018--no-inbody-headers
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+From: Another Thor
+ <a.thor@example.com>
+Subject: This one contains
+	a tab
+ and a space
+
+a commit message
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0018 b/t/t5100/patch0018
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..789df6d030
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0018
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+diff --git a/foo b/foo
+index e69de29..d95f3ad 100644
+--- a/foo
++++ b/foo
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++content
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0018--no-inbody-headers b/t/t5100/patch0018--no-inbody-headers
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..789df6d030
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0018--no-inbody-headers
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+diff --git a/foo b/foo
+index e69de29..d95f3ad 100644
+--- a/foo
++++ b/foo
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++content
diff --git a/t/t5100/quoted-string.expect b/t/t5100/quoted-string.expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cab1bcebf9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/quoted-string.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: Author "The Author" Name
+Email: somebody@example.com
+Subject: testing quoted-pair
+Date: Sun, 25 May 2008 00:38:18 -0700
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/quoted-string.in b/t/t5100/quoted-string.in
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e2e627ae23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/quoted-string.in
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+From 1234567890123456789012345678901234567890 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: "Author \"The Author\" Name" <somebody@example.com>
+Date: Sun, 25 May 2008 00:38:18 -0700
+Subject: [PATCH] testing quoted-pair
+
+
+
+---
+patch
diff --git a/t/t5100/sample.mbox b/t/t5100/sample.mbox
index 8b2ae064c3..6d4d0e4474 100644
--- a/t/t5100/sample.mbox
+++ b/t/t5100/sample.mbox
@@ -699,3 +699,22 @@ index e69de29..d95f3ad 100644
 +++ b/foo
 @@ -0,0 +1 @@
 +New content
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <a.u.thor@example.com>
+Subject: check multiline inbody headers
+Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
+
+From: Another Thor
+ <a.thor@example.com>
+Subject: This one contains
+	a tab
+ and a space
+
+a commit message
+
+diff --git a/foo b/foo
+index e69de29..d95f3ad 100644
+--- a/foo
++++ b/foo
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++content
diff --git a/t/t5100/sample.mboxrd b/t/t5100/sample.mboxrd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79ad5ae0e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/sample.mboxrd
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+From mboxrd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: mboxrd writer <mboxrd@example.com>
+Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
+Subject: [PATCH] a commit with escaped From lines
+
+>From the beginning, mbox should have been mboxrd
+>>From escaped
+From not mangled but this line should have been escaped
+
+From mboxrd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: mboxrd writer <mboxrd@example.com>
+Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
+Subject: [PATCH 2/2] another with fake From lines
+
+ >From unchanged
+ From also unchanged
+no trailing space, no escaping necessary and '>' was intended:
+>From
+
diff --git a/t/t5150-request-pull.sh b/t/t5150-request-pull.sh
index 82c33b88e7..fca001eb9b 100755
--- a/t/t5150-request-pull.sh
+++ b/t/t5150-request-pull.sh
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup: two scripts for reading pull requests' '
 	cat <<-\EOT >read-request.sed &&
 	#!/bin/sed -nf
 	# Note that a request could ask for "tag $tagname"
-	/ in the git repository at:$/!d
+	/ in the Git repository at:$/!d
 	n
 	/^$/ n
 	s/ tag \([^ ]*\)$/ tag--\1/
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup: two scripts for reading pull requests' '
 	cat <<-EOT >fuzz.sed
 	#!/bin/sed -nf
 	s/$downstream_url_for_sed/URL/g
-	s/$_x40/OBJECT_NAME/g
+	s/$OID_REGEX/OBJECT_NAME/g
 	s/A U Thor/AUTHOR/g
 	s/[-0-9]\{10\} [:0-9]\{8\} [-+][0-9]\{4\}/DATE/g
 	s/        [^ ].*/        SUBJECT/g
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ test_expect_success 'pull request format' '
 
 	  SUBJECT (DATE)
 
-	are available in the git repository at:
+	are available in the Git repository at:
 
 	  URL BRANCH
 
diff --git a/t/t5300-pack-object.sh b/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
index 20c1961515..6c620cd540 100755
--- a/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
+++ b/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ test_description='git pack-object
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-TRASH=`pwd`
+TRASH=$(pwd)
 
 test_expect_success \
     'setup' \
@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ test_expect_success \
      perl -e "print \"a\" x 4096;" > a &&
      perl -e "print \"b\" x 4096;" > b &&
      perl -e "print \"c\" x 4096;" > c &&
-     test-genrandom "seed a" 2097152 > a_big &&
-     test-genrandom "seed b" 2097152 > b_big &&
+     test-tool genrandom "seed a" 2097152 > a_big &&
+     test-tool genrandom "seed b" 2097152 > b_big &&
      git update-index --add a a_big b b_big c &&
      cat c >d && echo foo >>d && git update-index --add d &&
-     tree=`git write-tree` &&
-     commit=`git commit-tree $tree </dev/null` && {
+     tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+     commit=$(git commit-tree $tree </dev/null) && {
 	 echo $tree &&
 	 echo $commit &&
 	 git ls-tree $tree | sed -e "s/.* \\([0-9a-f]*\\)	.*/\\1/"
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	 git diff-tree --root -p $commit &&
 	 while read object
 	 do
-	    t=`git cat-file -t $object` &&
+	    t=$(git cat-file -t $object) &&
 	    git cat-file $t $object || return 1
 	 done <obj-list
      } >expect'
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	 git diff-tree --root -p $commit &&
 	 while read object
 	 do
-	    t=`git cat-file -t $object` &&
+	    t=$(git cat-file -t $object) &&
 	    git cat-file $t $object || return 1
 	 done <obj-list
     } >current &&
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	 git diff-tree --root -p $commit &&
 	 while read object
 	 do
-	    t=`git cat-file -t $object` &&
+	    t=$(git cat-file -t $object) &&
 	    git cat-file $t $object || return 1
 	 done <obj-list
     } >current &&
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	 git diff-tree --root -p $commit &&
 	 while read object
 	 do
-	    t=`git cat-file -t $object` &&
+	    t=$(git cat-file -t $object) &&
 	    git cat-file $t $object || return 1
 	 done <obj-list
     } >current &&
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ test_expect_success 'survive missing objects/pack directory' '
 		mkdir missing-pack &&
 		cd missing-pack &&
 		git init &&
-		GOP=.git/objects/pack
+		GOP=.git/objects/pack &&
 		rm -fr $GOP &&
 		git index-pack --stdin --keep=test <../test-3-${packname_3}.pack &&
 		test -f $GOP/pack-${packname_3}.pack &&
@@ -252,8 +252,8 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'verify-pack catches a corrupted sum of the index file itself' \
-    'l=`wc -c <test-3.idx` &&
-     l=`expr $l - 20` &&
+    'l=$(wc -c <test-3.idx) &&
+     l=$(expr $l - 20) &&
      cat test-1-${packname_1}.pack >test-3.pack &&
      printf "%20s" "" | dd of=test-3.idx count=20 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=$l &&
      if git verify-pack test-3.pack
@@ -284,6 +284,12 @@ test_expect_success \
      git index-pack test-3.pack &&
      cmp test-3.idx test-3-${packname_3}.idx &&
 
+     cat test-1-${packname_1}.pack >test-4.pack &&
+     rm -f test-4.keep &&
+     git index-pack --keep=why test-4.pack &&
+     cmp test-1-${packname_1}.idx test-4.idx &&
+     test -f test-4.keep &&
+
      :'
 
 test_expect_success 'unpacking with --strict' '
@@ -305,8 +311,8 @@ test_expect_success 'unpacking with --strict' '
 	rm -f .git/index &&
 	tail -n 10 LIST | git update-index --index-info &&
 	ST=$(git write-tree) &&
-	PACK5=$( git rev-list --objects "$LIST" "$LI" "$ST" | \
-		git pack-objects test-5 ) &&
+	git rev-list --objects "$LIST" "$LI" "$ST" >actual &&
+	PACK5=$( git pack-objects test-5 <actual ) &&
 	PACK6=$( (
 			echo "$LIST"
 			echo "$LI"
@@ -352,8 +358,8 @@ test_expect_success 'index-pack with --strict' '
 	rm -f .git/index &&
 	tail -n 10 LIST | git update-index --index-info &&
 	ST=$(git write-tree) &&
-	PACK5=$( git rev-list --objects "$LIST" "$LI" "$ST" | \
-		git pack-objects test-5 ) &&
+	git rev-list --objects "$LIST" "$LI" "$ST" >actual &&
+	PACK5=$( git pack-objects test-5 <actual ) &&
 	PACK6=$( (
 			echo "$LIST"
 			echo "$LI"
@@ -400,6 +406,68 @@ test_expect_success 'verify resulting packs' '
 	git verify-pack test-11-*.pack
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'set up pack for non-repo tests' '
+	# make sure we have a pack with no matching index file
+	cp test-1-*.pack foo.pack
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'index-pack --stdin complains of non-repo' '
+	nongit test_must_fail git index-pack --stdin <foo.pack &&
+	test_path_is_missing non-repo/.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'index-pack <pack> works in non-repo' '
+	nongit git index-pack ../foo.pack &&
+	test_path_is_file foo.idx
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'index-pack --strict <pack> works in non-repo' '
+	rm -f foo.idx &&
+	nongit git index-pack --strict ../foo.pack &&
+	test_path_is_file foo.idx
+'
+
+test_expect_success !PTHREADS,C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'index-pack --threads=N or pack.threads=N warns when no pthreads' '
+	test_must_fail git index-pack --threads=2 2>err &&
+	grep ^warning: err >warnings &&
+	test_line_count = 1 warnings &&
+	grep -F "no threads support, ignoring --threads=2" err &&
+
+	test_must_fail git -c pack.threads=2 index-pack 2>err &&
+	grep ^warning: err >warnings &&
+	test_line_count = 1 warnings &&
+	grep -F "no threads support, ignoring pack.threads" err &&
+
+	test_must_fail git -c pack.threads=2 index-pack --threads=4 2>err &&
+	grep ^warning: err >warnings &&
+	test_line_count = 2 warnings &&
+	grep -F "no threads support, ignoring --threads=4" err &&
+	grep -F "no threads support, ignoring pack.threads" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success !PTHREADS,C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'pack-objects --threads=N or pack.threads=N warns when no pthreads' '
+	git pack-objects --threads=2 --stdout --all </dev/null >/dev/null 2>err &&
+	grep ^warning: err >warnings &&
+	test_line_count = 1 warnings &&
+	grep -F "no threads support, ignoring --threads" err &&
+
+	git -c pack.threads=2 pack-objects --stdout --all </dev/null >/dev/null 2>err &&
+	grep ^warning: err >warnings &&
+	test_line_count = 1 warnings &&
+	grep -F "no threads support, ignoring pack.threads" err &&
+
+	git -c pack.threads=2 pack-objects --threads=4 --stdout --all </dev/null >/dev/null 2>err &&
+	grep ^warning: err >warnings &&
+	test_line_count = 2 warnings &&
+	grep -F "no threads support, ignoring --threads" err &&
+	grep -F "no threads support, ignoring pack.threads" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack-objects in too-many-packs mode' '
+	GIT_TEST_FULL_IN_PACK_ARRAY=1 git repack -ad &&
+	git fsck
+'
+
 #
 # WARNING!
 #
@@ -409,9 +477,11 @@ test_expect_success 'verify resulting packs' '
 
 test_expect_success \
     'fake a SHA1 hash collision' \
-    'test -f	.git/objects/c8/2de19312b6c3695c0c18f70709a6c535682a67 &&
-     cp -f	.git/objects/9d/235ed07cd19811a6ceb342de82f190e49c9f68 \
-		.git/objects/c8/2de19312b6c3695c0c18f70709a6c535682a67'
+    'long_a=$(git hash-object a | sed -e "s!^..!&/!") &&
+     long_b=$(git hash-object b | sed -e "s!^..!&/!") &&
+     test -f	.git/objects/$long_b &&
+     cp -f	.git/objects/$long_a \
+		.git/objects/$long_b'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'make sure index-pack detects the SHA1 collision' \
diff --git a/t/t5301-sliding-window.sh b/t/t5301-sliding-window.sh
index 2fc5af6007..76f9798ab9 100755
--- a/t/t5301-sliding-window.sh
+++ b/t/t5301-sliding-window.sh
@@ -12,16 +12,16 @@ test_expect_success \
      for i in a b c
      do
          echo $i >$i &&
-         test-genrandom "$i" 32768 >>$i &&
+	 test-tool genrandom "$i" 32768 >>$i &&
          git update-index --add $i || return 1
      done &&
      echo d >d && cat c >>d && git update-index --add d &&
-     tree=`git write-tree` &&
-     commit1=`git commit-tree $tree </dev/null` &&
+     tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+     commit1=$(git commit-tree $tree </dev/null) &&
      git update-ref HEAD $commit1 &&
      git repack -a -d &&
-     test "`git count-objects`" = "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" &&
-     pack1=`ls .git/objects/pack/*.pack` &&
+     test "$(git count-objects)" = "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" &&
+     pack1=$(ls .git/objects/pack/*.pack) &&
      test -f "$pack1"'
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -43,11 +43,11 @@ test_expect_success \
     'repack -a -d, packedGit{WindowSize,Limit} == 1 page' \
     'git config core.packedGitWindowSize 512 &&
      git config core.packedGitLimit 512 &&
-     commit2=`git commit-tree $tree -p $commit1 </dev/null` &&
+     commit2=$(git commit-tree $tree -p $commit1 </dev/null) &&
      git update-ref HEAD $commit2 &&
      git repack -a -d &&
-     test "`git count-objects`" = "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" &&
-     pack2=`ls .git/objects/pack/*.pack` &&
+     test "$(git count-objects)" = "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" &&
+     pack2=$(ls .git/objects/pack/*.pack) &&
      test -f "$pack2" &&
      test "$pack1" \!= "$pack2"'
 
diff --git a/t/t5302-pack-index.sh b/t/t5302-pack-index.sh
index 61bc8da560..91d51b35f9 100755
--- a/t/t5302-pack-index.sh
+++ b/t/t5302-pack-index.sh
@@ -14,21 +14,21 @@ test_expect_success \
      i=1 &&
      while test $i -le 100
      do
-         iii=`printf '%03i' $i`
-         test-genrandom "bar" 200 > wide_delta_$iii &&
-         test-genrandom "baz $iii" 50 >> wide_delta_$iii &&
-         test-genrandom "foo"$i 100 > deep_delta_$iii &&
-         test-genrandom "foo"`expr $i + 1` 100 >> deep_delta_$iii &&
-         test-genrandom "foo"`expr $i + 2` 100 >> deep_delta_$iii &&
+         iii=$(printf '%03i' $i)
+	 test-tool genrandom "bar" 200 > wide_delta_$iii &&
+	 test-tool genrandom "baz $iii" 50 >> wide_delta_$iii &&
+	 test-tool genrandom "foo"$i 100 > deep_delta_$iii &&
+	 test-tool genrandom "foo"$(expr $i + 1) 100 >> deep_delta_$iii &&
+	 test-tool genrandom "foo"$(expr $i + 2) 100 >> deep_delta_$iii &&
          echo $iii >file_$iii &&
-         test-genrandom "$iii" 8192 >>file_$iii &&
+	 test-tool genrandom "$iii" 8192 >>file_$iii &&
          git update-index --add file_$iii deep_delta_$iii wide_delta_$iii &&
-         i=`expr $i + 1` || return 1
+         i=$(expr $i + 1) || return 1
      done &&
-     { echo 101 && test-genrandom 100 8192; } >file_101 &&
+     { echo 101 && test-tool genrandom 100 8192; } >file_101 &&
      git update-index --add file_101 &&
-     tree=`git write-tree` &&
-     commit=`git commit-tree $tree </dev/null` && {
+     tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+     commit=$(git commit-tree $tree </dev/null) && {
 	 echo $tree &&
 	 git ls-tree $tree | sed -e "s/.* \\([0-9a-f]*\\)	.*/\\1/"
      } >obj-list &&
@@ -152,10 +152,10 @@ test_expect_success \
     '[index v1] 2) create a stealth corruption in a delta base reference' \
     '# This test assumes file_101 is a delta smaller than 16 bytes.
      # It should be against file_100 but we substitute its base for file_099
-     sha1_101=`git hash-object file_101` &&
-     sha1_099=`git hash-object file_099` &&
-     offs_101=`index_obj_offset 1.idx $sha1_101` &&
-     nr_099=`index_obj_nr 1.idx $sha1_099` &&
+     sha1_101=$(git hash-object file_101) &&
+     sha1_099=$(git hash-object file_099) &&
+     offs_101=$(index_obj_offset 1.idx $sha1_101) &&
+     nr_099=$(index_obj_nr 1.idx $sha1_099) &&
      chmod +w ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.pack" &&
      dd of=".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.pack" seek=$(($offs_101 + 1)) \
         if=".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx" \
@@ -193,10 +193,10 @@ test_expect_success \
     '[index v2] 2) create a stealth corruption in a delta base reference' \
     '# This test assumes file_101 is a delta smaller than 16 bytes.
      # It should be against file_100 but we substitute its base for file_099
-     sha1_101=`git hash-object file_101` &&
-     sha1_099=`git hash-object file_099` &&
-     offs_101=`index_obj_offset 1.idx $sha1_101` &&
-     nr_099=`index_obj_nr 1.idx $sha1_099` &&
+     sha1_101=$(git hash-object file_101) &&
+     sha1_099=$(git hash-object file_099) &&
+     offs_101=$(index_obj_offset 1.idx $sha1_101) &&
+     nr_099=$(index_obj_nr 1.idx $sha1_099) &&
      chmod +w ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.pack" &&
      dd of=".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.pack" seek=$(($offs_101 + 1)) \
         if=".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx" \
@@ -222,11 +222,11 @@ test_expect_success \
     'rm -f .git/objects/pack/* &&
      git index-pack --index-version=2 --stdin < "test-1-${pack1}.pack" &&
      git verify-pack ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.pack" &&
-     obj=`git hash-object file_001` &&
-     nr=`index_obj_nr ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx" $obj` &&
+     obj=$(git hash-object file_001) &&
+     nr=$(index_obj_nr ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx" $obj) &&
      chmod +w ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx" &&
      printf xxxx | dd of=".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx" conv=notrunc \
-        bs=1 count=4 seek=$((8 + 256 * 4 + `wc -l <obj-list` * 20 + $nr * 4)) &&
+        bs=1 count=4 seek=$((8 + 256 * 4 + $(wc -l <obj-list) * 20 + $nr * 4)) &&
      ( while read obj
        do git cat-file -p $obj >/dev/null || exit 1
        done <obj-list ) &&
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ test_expect_success 'running index-pack in the object store' '
     rm -f .git/objects/pack/* &&
     cp test-1-${pack1}.pack .git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.pack &&
     (
-	cd .git/objects/pack
+	cd .git/objects/pack &&
 	git index-pack pack-${pack1}.pack
     ) &&
     test -f .git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx
@@ -259,7 +259,12 @@ EOF
     thirtyeight=${tag#??} &&
     rm -f .git/objects/${tag%$thirtyeight}/$thirtyeight &&
     git index-pack --strict tag-test-${pack1}.pack 2>err &&
-    grep "^error:.* expected .tagger. line" err
+    grep "^warning:.* expected .tagger. line" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'index-pack --fsck-objects also warns upon missing tagger in tag' '
+    git index-pack --fsck-objects tag-test-${pack1}.pack 2>err &&
+    grep "^warning:.* expected .tagger. line" err
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5303-pack-corruption-resilience.sh b/t/t5303-pack-corruption-resilience.sh
index 663b02bbb1..3634e258f8 100755
--- a/t/t5303-pack-corruption-resilience.sh
+++ b/t/t5303-pack-corruption-resilience.sh
@@ -19,36 +19,36 @@ test_description='resilience to pack corruptions with redundant objects'
 # 3) object header is always 2 bytes.
 
 create_test_files() {
-    test-genrandom "foo" 2000 > file_1 &&
-    test-genrandom "foo" 1800 > file_2 &&
-    test-genrandom "foo" 1800 > file_3 &&
+    test-tool genrandom "foo" 2000 > file_1 &&
+    test-tool genrandom "foo" 1800 > file_2 &&
+    test-tool genrandom "foo" 1800 > file_3 &&
     echo " base " >> file_1 &&
     echo " delta1 " >> file_2 &&
     echo " delta delta2 " >> file_3 &&
-    test-genrandom "bar" 150 >> file_2 &&
-    test-genrandom "baz" 100 >> file_3
+    test-tool genrandom "bar" 150 >> file_2 &&
+    test-tool genrandom "baz" 100 >> file_3
 }
 
 create_new_pack() {
     rm -rf .git &&
     git init &&
-    blob_1=`git hash-object -t blob -w file_1` &&
-    blob_2=`git hash-object -t blob -w file_2` &&
-    blob_3=`git hash-object -t blob -w file_3` &&
-    pack=`printf "$blob_1\n$blob_2\n$blob_3\n" |
-          git pack-objects $@ .git/objects/pack/pack` &&
+    blob_1=$(git hash-object -t blob -w file_1) &&
+    blob_2=$(git hash-object -t blob -w file_2) &&
+    blob_3=$(git hash-object -t blob -w file_3) &&
+    pack=$(printf "$blob_1\n$blob_2\n$blob_3\n" |
+          git pack-objects $@ .git/objects/pack/pack) &&
     pack=".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack}" &&
     git verify-pack -v ${pack}.pack
 }
 
 do_repack() {
-    pack=`printf "$blob_1\n$blob_2\n$blob_3\n" |
-          git pack-objects $@ .git/objects/pack/pack` &&
+    pack=$(printf "$blob_1\n$blob_2\n$blob_3\n" |
+          git pack-objects $@ .git/objects/pack/pack) &&
     pack=".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack}"
 }
 
 do_corrupt_object() {
-    ofs=`git show-index < ${pack}.idx | grep $1 | cut -f1 -d" "` &&
+    ofs=$(git show-index < ${pack}.idx | grep $1 | cut -f1 -d" ") &&
     ofs=$(($ofs + $2)) &&
     chmod +w ${pack}.pack &&
     dd of=${pack}.pack bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=$ofs &&
diff --git a/t/t5304-prune.sh b/t/t5304-prune.sh
index 0794d33dad..270da21ac3 100755
--- a/t/t5304-prune.sh
+++ b/t/t5304-prune.sh
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ add_blob() {
 	BLOB_FILE=.git/objects/$(echo $BLOB | sed "s/^../&\//") &&
 	verbose test $((1 + $before)) = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
 	test_path_is_file $BLOB_FILE &&
-	test-chmtime =+0 $BLOB_FILE
+	test-tool chmtime =+0 $BLOB_FILE
 }
 
 test_expect_success setup '
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ test_expect_success 'prune stale packs' '
 	orig_pack=$(echo .git/objects/pack/*.pack) &&
 	: > .git/objects/tmp_1.pack &&
 	: > .git/objects/tmp_2.pack &&
-	test-chmtime =-86501 .git/objects/tmp_1.pack &&
+	test-tool chmtime =-86501 .git/objects/tmp_1.pack &&
 	git prune --expire 1.day &&
 	test_path_is_file $orig_pack &&
 	test_path_is_file .git/objects/tmp_2.pack &&
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ test_expect_success 'prune --expire' '
 	git prune --expire=1.hour.ago &&
 	verbose test $((1 + $before)) = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
 	test_path_is_file $BLOB_FILE &&
-	test-chmtime =-86500 $BLOB_FILE &&
+	test-tool chmtime =-86500 $BLOB_FILE &&
 	git prune --expire 1.day &&
 	verbose test $before = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
 	test_path_is_missing $BLOB_FILE
@@ -57,11 +57,11 @@ test_expect_success 'prune --expire' '
 test_expect_success 'gc: implicit prune --expire' '
 
 	add_blob &&
-	test-chmtime =-$((2*$week-30)) $BLOB_FILE &&
+	test-tool chmtime =-$((2*$week-30)) $BLOB_FILE &&
 	git gc &&
 	verbose test $((1 + $before)) = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
 	test_path_is_file $BLOB_FILE &&
-	test-chmtime =-$((2*$week+1)) $BLOB_FILE &&
+	test-tool chmtime =-$((2*$week+1)) $BLOB_FILE &&
 	git gc &&
 	verbose test $before = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
 	test_path_is_missing $BLOB_FILE
@@ -112,8 +112,7 @@ test_expect_success 'prune: do not prune detached HEAD with no reflog' '
 	# (should be removed and disabled by previous test)
 	test_path_is_missing .git/logs &&
 	git prune -n >prune_actual &&
-	: >prune_expected &&
-	test_cmp prune_actual prune_expected
+	test_must_be_empty prune_actual
 
 '
 
@@ -141,7 +140,7 @@ test_expect_success 'prune: do not prune heads listed as an argument' '
 test_expect_success 'gc --no-prune' '
 
 	add_blob &&
-	test-chmtime =-$((5001*$day)) $BLOB_FILE &&
+	test-tool chmtime =-$((5001*$day)) $BLOB_FILE &&
 	git config gc.pruneExpire 2.days.ago &&
 	git gc --no-prune &&
 	verbose test 1 = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
@@ -163,7 +162,7 @@ test_expect_success 'gc respects gc.pruneExpire' '
 test_expect_success 'gc --prune=<date>' '
 
 	add_blob &&
-	test-chmtime =-$((5001*$day)) $BLOB_FILE &&
+	test-tool chmtime =-$((5001*$day)) $BLOB_FILE &&
 	git gc --prune=5002.days.ago &&
 	test_path_is_file $BLOB_FILE &&
 	git gc --prune=5000.days.ago &&
@@ -205,7 +204,7 @@ test_expect_success 'prune --expire=never' '
 
 test_expect_success 'gc: prune old objects after local clone' '
 	add_blob &&
-	test-chmtime =-$((2*$week+1)) $BLOB_FILE &&
+	test-tool chmtime =-$((2*$week+1)) $BLOB_FILE &&
 	git clone --no-hardlinks . aclone &&
 	(
 		cd aclone &&
@@ -218,6 +217,8 @@ test_expect_success 'gc: prune old objects after local clone' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'garbage report in count-objects -v' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/objects/pack/fake*" &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/objects/pack/foo*" &&
 	: >.git/objects/pack/foo &&
 	: >.git/objects/pack/foo.bar &&
 	: >.git/objects/pack/foo.keep &&
@@ -243,8 +244,28 @@ EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clean pack garbage with gc' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/objects/pack/fake*" &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/objects/pack/foo*" &&
+	: >.git/objects/pack/foo.keep &&
+	: >.git/objects/pack/foo.pack &&
+	: >.git/objects/pack/fake.idx &&
+	: >.git/objects/pack/fake2.keep &&
+	: >.git/objects/pack/fake2.idx &&
+	: >.git/objects/pack/fake3.keep &&
+	git gc &&
+	git count-objects -v 2>stderr &&
+	grep "^warning:" stderr | sort >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+warning: no corresponding .idx or .pack: .git/objects/pack/fake3.keep
+warning: no corresponding .idx: .git/objects/pack/foo.keep
+warning: no corresponding .idx: .git/objects/pack/foo.pack
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'prune .git/shallow' '
-	SHA1=`echo hi|git commit-tree HEAD^{tree}` &&
+	SHA1=$(echo hi|git commit-tree HEAD^{tree}) &&
 	echo $SHA1 >.git/shallow &&
 	git prune --dry-run >out &&
 	grep $SHA1 .git/shallow &&
@@ -261,4 +282,51 @@ test_expect_success 'prune: handle alternate object database' '
 	git -C B prune
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'prune: handle index in multiple worktrees' '
+	git worktree add second-worktree &&
+	echo "new blob for second-worktree" >second-worktree/blob &&
+	git -C second-worktree add blob &&
+	git prune --expire=now &&
+	git -C second-worktree show :blob >actual &&
+	test_cmp second-worktree/blob actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prune: handle HEAD in multiple worktrees' '
+	git worktree add --detach third-worktree &&
+	echo "new blob for third-worktree" >third-worktree/blob &&
+	git -C third-worktree add blob &&
+	git -C third-worktree commit -m "third" &&
+	rm .git/worktrees/third-worktree/index &&
+	test_must_fail git -C third-worktree show :blob &&
+	git prune --expire=now &&
+	git -C third-worktree show HEAD:blob >actual &&
+	test_cmp third-worktree/blob actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prune: handle HEAD reflog in multiple worktrees' '
+	git config core.logAllRefUpdates true &&
+	echo "lost blob for third-worktree" >expected &&
+	(
+		cd third-worktree &&
+		cat ../expected >blob &&
+		git add blob &&
+		git commit -m "second commit in third" &&
+		git reset --hard HEAD^
+	) &&
+	git prune --expire=now &&
+	SHA1=`git hash-object expected` &&
+	git -C third-worktree show "$SHA1" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prune: handle expire option correctly' '
+	test_must_fail git prune --expire 2>error &&
+	test_i18ngrep "requires a value" error &&
+
+	test_must_fail git prune --expire=nyah 2>error &&
+	test_i18ngrep "malformed expiration" error &&
+
+	git prune --no-expire
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5305-include-tag.sh b/t/t5305-include-tag.sh
index 21517c70cd..a5eca210b8 100755
--- a/t/t5305-include-tag.sh
+++ b/t/t5305-include-tag.sh
@@ -3,20 +3,20 @@
 test_description='git pack-object --include-tag'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-TRASH=`pwd`
+TRASH=$(pwd)
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 	echo c >d &&
 	git update-index --add d &&
-	tree=`git write-tree` &&
-	commit=`git commit-tree $tree </dev/null` &&
+	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	commit=$(git commit-tree $tree </dev/null) &&
 	echo "object $commit" >sig &&
 	echo "type commit" >>sig &&
 	echo "tag mytag" >>sig &&
 	echo "tagger $(git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT)" >>sig &&
 	echo >>sig &&
 	echo "our test tag" >>sig &&
-	tag=`git mktag <sig` &&
+	tag=$(git mktag <sig) &&
 	rm d sig &&
 	git update-ref refs/tags/mytag $tag && {
 		echo $tree &&
@@ -25,58 +25,94 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	} >obj-list
 '
 
-rm -rf clone.git
 test_expect_success 'pack without --include-tag' '
-	packname_1=$(git pack-objects \
+	packname=$(git pack-objects \
 		--window=0 \
-		test-1 <obj-list)
+		test-no-include <obj-list)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'unpack objects' '
-	(
-		GIT_DIR=clone.git &&
-		export GIT_DIR &&
-		git init &&
-		git unpack-objects -n <test-1-${packname_1}.pack &&
-		git unpack-objects <test-1-${packname_1}.pack
-	)
+	rm -rf clone.git &&
+	git init clone.git &&
+	git -C clone.git unpack-objects <test-no-include-${packname}.pack
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check unpacked result (have commit, no tag)' '
 	git rev-list --objects $commit >list.expect &&
-	(
-		test_must_fail env GIT_DIR=clone.git git cat-file -e $tag &&
-		git rev-list --objects $commit
-	) >list.actual &&
+	test_must_fail git -C clone.git cat-file -e $tag &&
+	git -C clone.git rev-list --objects $commit >list.actual &&
 	test_cmp list.expect list.actual
 '
 
-rm -rf clone.git
 test_expect_success 'pack with --include-tag' '
-	packname_1=$(git pack-objects \
+	packname=$(git pack-objects \
 		--window=0 \
 		--include-tag \
-		test-2 <obj-list)
+		test-include <obj-list)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'unpack objects' '
-	(
-		GIT_DIR=clone.git &&
-		export GIT_DIR &&
-		git init &&
-		git unpack-objects -n <test-2-${packname_1}.pack &&
-		git unpack-objects <test-2-${packname_1}.pack
-	)
+	rm -rf clone.git &&
+	git init clone.git &&
+	git -C clone.git unpack-objects <test-include-${packname}.pack
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check unpacked result (have commit, have tag)' '
 	git rev-list --objects mytag >list.expect &&
-	(
-		GIT_DIR=clone.git &&
-		export GIT_DIR &&
-		git rev-list --objects $tag
-	) >list.actual &&
+	git -C clone.git rev-list --objects $tag >list.actual &&
 	test_cmp list.expect list.actual
 '
 
+# A tag of a tag, where the "inner" tag is not otherwise
+# reachable, and a full peel points to a commit reachable from HEAD.
+test_expect_success 'create hidden inner tag' '
+	test_commit commit &&
+	git tag -m inner inner HEAD &&
+	git tag -m outer outer inner &&
+	git tag -d inner
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack explicit outer tag' '
+	packname=$(
+		{
+			echo HEAD &&
+			echo outer
+		} |
+		git pack-objects --revs test-hidden-explicit
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unpack objects' '
+	rm -rf clone.git &&
+	git init clone.git &&
+	git -C clone.git unpack-objects <test-hidden-explicit-${packname}.pack
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check unpacked result (have all objects)' '
+	git -C clone.git rev-list --objects $(git rev-parse outer HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack implied outer tag' '
+	packname=$(
+		echo HEAD |
+		git pack-objects --revs --include-tag test-hidden-implied
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unpack objects' '
+	rm -rf clone.git &&
+	git init clone.git &&
+	git -C clone.git unpack-objects <test-hidden-implied-${packname}.pack
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check unpacked result (have all objects)' '
+	git -C clone.git rev-list --objects $(git rev-parse outer HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'single-branch clone can transfer tag' '
+	rm -rf clone.git &&
+	git clone --no-local --single-branch -b master . clone.git &&
+	git -C clone.git fsck
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5308-pack-detect-duplicates.sh b/t/t5308-pack-detect-duplicates.sh
index 9c5a8766ab..6845c1f3c3 100755
--- a/t/t5308-pack-detect-duplicates.sh
+++ b/t/t5308-pack-detect-duplicates.sh
@@ -4,6 +4,12 @@ test_description='handling of duplicate objects in incoming packfiles'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-pack.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq SHA1
+then
+       skip_all='not using SHA-1 for objects'
+       test_done
+fi
+
 # The sha1s we have in our pack. It's important that these have the same
 # starting byte, so that they end up in the same fanout section of the index.
 # That lets us make sure we are exercising the binary search with both sets.
@@ -56,20 +62,11 @@ test_expect_success 'create batch-check test vectors' '
 	EOF
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'lookup in duplicated pack (binary search)' '
+test_expect_success 'lookup in duplicated pack' '
 	git cat-file --batch-check <input >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'lookup in duplicated pack (GIT_USE_LOOKUP)' '
-	(
-		GIT_USE_LOOKUP=1 &&
-		export GIT_USE_LOOKUP &&
-		git cat-file --batch-check <input >actual
-	) &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
-'
-
 test_expect_success 'index-pack can reject packs with duplicates' '
 	clear_packs &&
 	create_pack dups.pack 2 &&
diff --git a/t/t5309-pack-delta-cycles.sh b/t/t5309-pack-delta-cycles.sh
index 3e7861b075..491556dad9 100755
--- a/t/t5309-pack-delta-cycles.sh
+++ b/t/t5309-pack-delta-cycles.sh
@@ -4,6 +4,12 @@ test_description='test index-pack handling of delta cycles in packfiles'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-pack.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq SHA1
+then
+       skip_all='not using SHA-1 for objects'
+       test_done
+fi
+
 # Two similar-ish objects that we have computed deltas between.
 A=01d7713666f4de822776c7622c10f1b07de280dc
 B=e68fe8129b546b101aee9510c5328e7f21ca1d18
diff --git a/t/t5310-pack-bitmaps.sh b/t/t5310-pack-bitmaps.sh
index 6003490192..557bd0d0c0 100755
--- a/t/t5310-pack-bitmaps.sh
+++ b/t/t5310-pack-bitmaps.sh
@@ -7,15 +7,31 @@ objpath () {
 	echo ".git/objects/$(echo "$1" | sed -e 's|\(..\)|\1/|')"
 }
 
+# show objects present in pack ($1 should be associated *.idx)
+list_packed_objects () {
+	git show-index <"$1" >object-list &&
+	cut -d' ' -f2 object-list
+}
+
+# has_any pattern-file content-file
+# tests whether content-file has any entry from pattern-file with entries being
+# whole lines.
+has_any () {
+	grep -Ff "$1" "$2"
+}
+
 test_expect_success 'setup repo with moderate-sized history' '
-	for i in $(test_seq 1 10); do
+	for i in $(test_seq 1 10)
+	do
 		test_commit $i
 	done &&
 	git checkout -b other HEAD~5 &&
-	for i in $(test_seq 1 10); do
+	for i in $(test_seq 1 10)
+	do
 		test_commit side-$i
 	done &&
 	git checkout master &&
+	bitmaptip=$(git rev-parse master) &&
 	blob=$(echo tagged-blob | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
 	git tag tagged-blob $blob &&
 	git config repack.writebitmaps true &&
@@ -47,12 +63,24 @@ rev_list_tests() {
 		test_cmp expect actual
 	'
 
+	test_expect_success "counting commits with limit ($state)" '
+		git rev-list --count -n 1 HEAD >expect &&
+		git rev-list --use-bitmap-index --count -n 1 HEAD >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+
 	test_expect_success "counting non-linear history ($state)" '
 		git rev-list --count other...master >expect &&
 		git rev-list --use-bitmap-index --count other...master >actual &&
 		test_cmp expect actual
 	'
 
+	test_expect_success "counting commits with limiting ($state)" '
+		git rev-list --count HEAD -- 1.t >expect &&
+		git rev-list --use-bitmap-index --count HEAD -- 1.t >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+
 	test_expect_success "enumerate --objects ($state)" '
 		git rev-list --objects --use-bitmap-index HEAD >tmp &&
 		cut -d" " -f1 <tmp >tmp2 &&
@@ -79,7 +107,8 @@ test_expect_success 'clone from bitmapped repository' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup further non-bitmapped commits' '
-	for i in $(test_seq 1 10); do
+	for i in $(test_seq 1 10)
+	do
 		test_commit further-$i
 	done
 '
@@ -93,12 +122,10 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch (partial bitmap)' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'incremental repack cannot create bitmaps' '
+test_expect_success 'incremental repack fails when bitmaps are requested' '
 	test_commit more-1 &&
-	find .git/objects/pack -name "*.bitmap" >expect &&
-	git repack -d &&
-	find .git/objects/pack -name "*.bitmap" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_fail git repack -d 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Incremental repacks are incompatible with bitmap" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'incremental repack can disable bitmaps' '
@@ -106,6 +133,83 @@ test_expect_success 'incremental repack can disable bitmaps' '
 	git repack -d --no-write-bitmap-index
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'pack-objects respects --local (non-local loose)' '
+	git init --bare alt.git &&
+	echo $(pwd)/alt.git/objects >.git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	echo content1 >file1 &&
+	# non-local loose object which is not present in bitmapped pack
+	altblob=$(GIT_DIR=alt.git git hash-object -w file1) &&
+	# non-local loose object which is also present in bitmapped pack
+	git cat-file blob $blob | GIT_DIR=alt.git git hash-object -w --stdin &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m commit_file1 &&
+	echo HEAD | git pack-objects --local --stdout --revs >1.pack &&
+	git index-pack 1.pack &&
+	list_packed_objects 1.idx >1.objects &&
+	printf "%s\n" "$altblob" "$blob" >nonlocal-loose &&
+	! has_any nonlocal-loose 1.objects
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack-objects respects --honor-pack-keep (local non-bitmapped pack)' '
+	echo content2 >file2 &&
+	blob2=$(git hash-object -w file2) &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m commit_file2 &&
+	printf "%s\n" "$blob2" "$bitmaptip" >keepobjects &&
+	pack2=$(git pack-objects pack2 <keepobjects) &&
+	mv pack2-$pack2.* .git/objects/pack/ &&
+	>.git/objects/pack/pack2-$pack2.keep &&
+	rm $(objpath $blob2) &&
+	echo HEAD | git pack-objects --honor-pack-keep --stdout --revs >2a.pack &&
+	git index-pack 2a.pack &&
+	list_packed_objects 2a.idx >2a.objects &&
+	! has_any keepobjects 2a.objects
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack-objects respects --local (non-local pack)' '
+	mv .git/objects/pack/pack2-$pack2.* alt.git/objects/pack/ &&
+	echo HEAD | git pack-objects --local --stdout --revs >2b.pack &&
+	git index-pack 2b.pack &&
+	list_packed_objects 2b.idx >2b.objects &&
+	! has_any keepobjects 2b.objects
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack-objects respects --honor-pack-keep (local bitmapped pack)' '
+	ls .git/objects/pack/ | grep bitmap >output &&
+	test_line_count = 1 output &&
+	packbitmap=$(basename $(cat output) .bitmap) &&
+	list_packed_objects .git/objects/pack/$packbitmap.idx >packbitmap.objects &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/objects/pack/$packbitmap.keep" &&
+	>.git/objects/pack/$packbitmap.keep &&
+	echo HEAD | git pack-objects --honor-pack-keep --stdout --revs >3a.pack &&
+	git index-pack 3a.pack &&
+	list_packed_objects 3a.idx >3a.objects &&
+	! has_any packbitmap.objects 3a.objects
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack-objects respects --local (non-local bitmapped pack)' '
+	mv .git/objects/pack/$packbitmap.* alt.git/objects/pack/ &&
+	test_when_finished "mv alt.git/objects/pack/$packbitmap.* .git/objects/pack/" &&
+	echo HEAD | git pack-objects --local --stdout --revs >3b.pack &&
+	git index-pack 3b.pack &&
+	list_packed_objects 3b.idx >3b.objects &&
+	! has_any packbitmap.objects 3b.objects
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack-objects to file can use bitmap' '
+	# make sure we still have 1 bitmap index from previous tests
+	ls .git/objects/pack/ | grep bitmap >output &&
+	test_line_count = 1 output &&
+	# verify equivalent packs are generated with/without using bitmap index
+	packasha1=$(git pack-objects --no-use-bitmap-index --all packa </dev/null) &&
+	packbsha1=$(git pack-objects --use-bitmap-index --all packb </dev/null) &&
+	list_packed_objects packa-$packasha1.idx >packa.objects &&
+	list_packed_objects packb-$packbsha1.idx >packb.objects &&
+	test_cmp packa.objects packb.objects
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'full repack, reusing previous bitmaps' '
 	git repack -ad &&
 	ls .git/objects/pack/ | grep bitmap >output &&
@@ -131,6 +235,20 @@ test_expect_success 'create objects for missing-HAVE tests' '
 	EOF
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'pack-objects respects --incremental' '
+	cat >revs2 <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	$commit
+	EOF
+	git pack-objects --incremental --stdout --revs <revs2 >4.pack &&
+	git index-pack 4.pack &&
+	list_packed_objects 4.idx >4.objects &&
+	test_line_count = 4 4.objects &&
+	git rev-list --objects $commit >revlist &&
+	cut -d" " -f1 revlist |sort >objects &&
+	test_cmp 4.objects objects
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'pack with missing blob' '
 	rm $(objpath $blob) &&
 	git pack-objects --stdout --revs <revs >/dev/null
@@ -146,14 +264,10 @@ test_expect_success 'pack with missing parent' '
 	git pack-objects --stdout --revs <revs >/dev/null
 '
 
-test_lazy_prereq JGIT '
-	type jgit
-'
-
 test_expect_success JGIT 'we can read jgit bitmaps' '
-	git clone . compat-jgit &&
+	git clone --bare . compat-jgit.git &&
 	(
-		cd compat-jgit &&
+		cd compat-jgit.git &&
 		rm -f .git/objects/pack/*.bitmap &&
 		jgit gc &&
 		git rev-list --test-bitmap HEAD
@@ -161,9 +275,9 @@ test_expect_success JGIT 'we can read jgit bitmaps' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success JGIT 'jgit can read our bitmaps' '
-	git clone . compat-us &&
+	git clone --bare . compat-us.git &&
 	(
-		cd compat-us &&
+		cd compat-us.git &&
 		git repack -adb &&
 		# jgit gc will barf if it does not like our bitmaps
 		jgit gc
@@ -171,7 +285,7 @@ test_expect_success JGIT 'jgit can read our bitmaps' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'splitting packs does not generate bogus bitmaps' '
-	test-genrandom foo $((1024 * 1024)) >rand &&
+	test-tool genrandom foo $((1024 * 1024)) >rand &&
 	git add rand &&
 	git commit -m "commit with big file" &&
 	git -c pack.packSizeLimit=500k repack -adb &&
@@ -179,4 +293,53 @@ test_expect_success 'splitting packs does not generate bogus bitmaps' '
 	git -C no-bitmaps.git fetch .. HEAD
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'set up reusable pack' '
+	rm -f .git/objects/pack/*.keep &&
+	git repack -adb &&
+	reusable_pack () {
+		git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" |
+		git pack-objects --delta-base-offset --revs --stdout "$@"
+	}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack reuse respects --honor-pack-keep' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/objects/pack/*.keep" &&
+	for i in .git/objects/pack/*.pack
+	do
+		>${i%.pack}.keep
+	done &&
+	reusable_pack --honor-pack-keep >empty.pack &&
+	git index-pack empty.pack &&
+	git show-index <empty.idx >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack reuse respects --local' '
+	mv .git/objects/pack/* alt.git/objects/pack/ &&
+	test_when_finished "mv alt.git/objects/pack/* .git/objects/pack/" &&
+	reusable_pack --local >empty.pack &&
+	git index-pack empty.pack &&
+	git show-index <empty.idx >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack reuse respects --incremental' '
+	reusable_pack --incremental >empty.pack &&
+	git index-pack empty.pack &&
+	git show-index <empty.idx >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'truncated bitmap fails gracefully' '
+	git repack -ad &&
+	git rev-list --use-bitmap-index --count --all >expect &&
+	bitmap=$(ls .git/objects/pack/*.bitmap) &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f $bitmap" &&
+	head -c 512 <$bitmap >$bitmap.tmp &&
+	mv -f $bitmap.tmp $bitmap &&
+	git rev-list --use-bitmap-index --count --all >actual 2>stderr &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep corrupt stderr
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5312-prune-corruption.sh b/t/t5312-prune-corruption.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..da9d59940d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5312-prune-corruption.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='
+Test pruning of repositories with minor corruptions. The goal
+here is that we should always be erring on the side of safety. So
+if we see, for example, a ref with a bogus name, it is OK either to
+bail out or to proceed using it as a reachable tip, but it is _not_
+OK to proceed as if it did not exist. Otherwise we might silently
+delete objects that cannot be recovered.
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'disable reflogs' '
+	git config core.logallrefupdates false &&
+	git reflog expire --expire=all --all
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create history reachable only from a bogus-named ref' '
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m master &&
+	base=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m bogus &&
+	bogus=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git cat-file commit $bogus >saved &&
+	echo $bogus >.git/refs/heads/bogus..name &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pruning does not drop bogus object' '
+	test_when_finished "git hash-object -w -t commit saved" &&
+	test_might_fail git prune --expire=now &&
+	verbose git cat-file -e $bogus
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'put bogus object into pack' '
+	git tag reachable $bogus &&
+	git repack -ad &&
+	git tag -d reachable &&
+	verbose git cat-file -e $bogus
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'destructive repack keeps packed object' '
+	test_might_fail git repack -Ad --unpack-unreachable=now &&
+	verbose git cat-file -e $bogus &&
+	test_might_fail git repack -ad &&
+	verbose git cat-file -e $bogus
+'
+
+# subsequent tests will have different corruptions
+test_expect_success 'clean up bogus ref' '
+	rm .git/refs/heads/bogus..name
+'
+
+# We create two new objects here, "one" and "two". Our
+# master branch points to "two", which is deleted,
+# corrupting the repository. But we'd like to make sure
+# that the otherwise unreachable "one" is not pruned
+# (since it is the user's best bet for recovering
+# from the corruption).
+#
+# Note that we also point HEAD somewhere besides "two",
+# as we want to make sure we test the case where we
+# pick up the reference to "two" by iterating the refs,
+# not by resolving HEAD.
+test_expect_success 'create history with missing tip commit' '
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m one &&
+	recoverable=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git cat-file commit $recoverable >saved &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m two &&
+	missing=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git checkout --detach $base &&
+	rm .git/objects/$(echo $missing | sed "s,..,&/,") &&
+	test_must_fail git cat-file -e $missing
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pruning with a corrupted tip does not drop history' '
+	test_when_finished "git hash-object -w -t commit saved" &&
+	test_might_fail git prune --expire=now &&
+	verbose git cat-file -e $recoverable
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack-refs does not silently delete broken loose ref' '
+	git pack-refs --all --prune &&
+	echo $missing >expect &&
+	git rev-parse refs/heads/master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# we do not want to count on running pack-refs to
+# actually pack it, as it is perfectly reasonable to
+# skip processing a broken ref
+test_expect_success 'create packed-refs file with broken ref' '
+	rm -f .git/refs/heads/master &&
+	cat >.git/packed-refs <<-EOF &&
+	$missing refs/heads/master
+	$recoverable refs/heads/other
+	EOF
+	echo $missing >expect &&
+	git rev-parse refs/heads/master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack-refs does not silently delete broken packed ref' '
+	git pack-refs --all --prune &&
+	git rev-parse refs/heads/master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack-refs does not drop broken refs during deletion' '
+	git update-ref -d refs/heads/other &&
+	git rev-parse refs/heads/master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5313-pack-bounds-checks.sh b/t/t5313-pack-bounds-checks.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f1708d415e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5313-pack-bounds-checks.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='bounds-checking of access to mmapped on-disk file formats'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+clear_base () {
+	test_when_finished 'restore_base' &&
+	rm -f $base
+}
+
+restore_base () {
+	cp base-backup/* .git/objects/pack/
+}
+
+do_pack () {
+	pack_objects=$1; shift
+	sha1=$(
+		for i in $pack_objects
+		do
+			echo $i
+		done | git pack-objects "$@" .git/objects/pack/pack
+	) &&
+	pack=.git/objects/pack/pack-$sha1.pack &&
+	idx=.git/objects/pack/pack-$sha1.idx &&
+	chmod +w $pack $idx &&
+	test_when_finished 'rm -f "$pack" "$idx"'
+}
+
+munge () {
+	printf "$3" | dd of="$1" bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=$2
+}
+
+# Offset in a v2 .idx to its initial and extended offset tables. For an index
+# with "nr" objects, this is:
+#
+#   magic(4) + version(4) + fan-out(4*256) + sha1s(20*nr) + crc(4*nr),
+#
+# for the initial, and another ofs(4*nr) past that for the extended.
+#
+ofs_table () {
+	echo $((4 + 4 + 4*256 + 20*$1 + 4*$1))
+}
+extended_table () {
+	echo $(($(ofs_table "$1") + 4*$1))
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'set up base packfile and variables' '
+	# the hash of this content starts with ff, which
+	# makes some later computations much simpler
+	echo 74 >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m base &&
+	git repack -ad &&
+	base=$(echo .git/objects/pack/*) &&
+	chmod +w $base &&
+	mkdir base-backup &&
+	cp $base base-backup/ &&
+	object=$(git rev-parse HEAD:file)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack/index object count mismatch' '
+	do_pack $object &&
+	munge $pack 8 "\377\0\0\0" &&
+	clear_base &&
+
+	# We enumerate the objects from the completely-fine
+	# .idx, but notice later that the .pack is bogus
+	# and fail to show any data.
+	echo "$object missing" >expect &&
+	git cat-file --batch-all-objects --batch-check >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# ...and here fail to load the object (without segfaulting),
+	# but fallback to a good copy if available.
+	test_must_fail git cat-file blob $object &&
+	restore_base &&
+	git cat-file blob $object >actual &&
+	test_cmp file actual &&
+
+	# ...and make sure that index-pack --verify, which has its
+	# own reading routines, does not segfault.
+	test_must_fail git index-pack --verify $pack
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'matched bogus object count' '
+	do_pack $object &&
+	munge $pack 8 "\377\0\0\0" &&
+	munge $idx $((255 * 4)) "\377\0\0\0" &&
+	clear_base &&
+
+	# Unlike above, we should notice early that the .idx is totally
+	# bogus, and not even enumerate its contents.
+	git cat-file --batch-all-objects --batch-check >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
+
+	# But as before, we can do the same object-access checks.
+	test_must_fail git cat-file blob $object &&
+	restore_base &&
+	git cat-file blob $object >actual &&
+	test_cmp file actual &&
+
+	test_must_fail git index-pack --verify $pack
+'
+
+# Note that we cannot check the fallback case for these
+# further .idx tests, as we notice the problem in functions
+# whose interface doesn't allow an error return (like use_pack()),
+# and thus we just die().
+#
+# There's also no point in doing enumeration tests, as
+# we are munging offsets here, which are about looking up
+# specific objects.
+
+test_expect_success 'bogus object offset (v1)' '
+	do_pack $object --index-version=1 &&
+	munge $idx $((4 * 256)) "\377\0\0\0" &&
+	clear_base &&
+	test_must_fail git cat-file blob $object &&
+	test_must_fail git index-pack --verify $pack
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bogus object offset (v2, no msb)' '
+	do_pack $object --index-version=2 &&
+	munge $idx $(ofs_table 1) "\0\377\0\0" &&
+	clear_base &&
+	test_must_fail git cat-file blob $object &&
+	test_must_fail git index-pack --verify $pack
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bogus offset into v2 extended table' '
+	do_pack $object --index-version=2 &&
+	munge $idx $(ofs_table 1) "\377\0\0\0" &&
+	clear_base &&
+	test_must_fail git cat-file blob $object &&
+	test_must_fail git index-pack --verify $pack
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bogus offset inside v2 extended table' '
+	# We need two objects here, so we can plausibly require
+	# an extended table (if the first object were larger than 2^31).
+	#
+	# Note that the value is important here. We want $object as
+	# the second entry in sorted-sha1 order. The sha1 of 1485 starts
+	# with "000", which sorts before that of $object (which starts
+	# with "fff").
+	second=$(echo 1485 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	do_pack "$object $second" --index-version=2 &&
+
+	# We have to make extra room for the table, so we cannot
+	# just munge in place as usual.
+	{
+		dd if=$idx bs=1 count=$(($(ofs_table 2) + 4)) &&
+		printf "\200\0\0\0" &&
+		printf "\377\0\0\0\0\0\0\0" &&
+		dd if=$idx bs=1 skip=$(extended_table 2)
+	} >tmp &&
+	mv tmp "$idx" &&
+	clear_base &&
+	test_must_fail git cat-file blob $object &&
+	test_must_fail git index-pack --verify $pack
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bogus OFS_DELTA in packfile' '
+	# Generate a pack with a delta in it.
+	base=$(test-tool genrandom foo 3000 | git hash-object --stdin -w) &&
+	delta=$(test-tool genrandom foo 2000 | git hash-object --stdin -w) &&
+	do_pack "$base $delta" --delta-base-offset &&
+	rm -f .git/objects/??/* &&
+
+	# Double check that we have the delta we expect.
+	echo $base >expect &&
+	echo $delta | git cat-file --batch-check="%(deltabase)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Now corrupt it. We assume the varint size for the delta is small
+	# enough to fit in the first byte (which it should be, since it
+	# is a pure deletion from the base), and that original ofs_delta
+	# takes 2 bytes (which it should, as it should be ~3000).
+	ofs=$(git show-index <$idx | grep $delta | cut -d" " -f1) &&
+	munge $pack $(($ofs + 1)) "\177\377" &&
+	test_must_fail git cat-file blob $delta >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5314-pack-cycle-detection.sh b/t/t5314-pack-cycle-detection.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e525466de0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5314-pack-cycle-detection.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test handling of inter-pack delta cycles during repack
+
+The goal here is to create a situation where we have two blobs, A and B, with A
+as a delta against B in one pack, and vice versa in the other. Then if we can
+persuade a full repack to find A from one pack and B from the other, that will
+give us a cycle when we attempt to reuse those deltas.
+
+The trick is in the "persuade" step, as it depends on the internals of how
+pack-objects picks which pack to reuse the deltas from. But we can assume
+that it does so in one of two general strategies:
+
+ 1. Using a static ordering of packs. In this case, no inter-pack cycles can
+    happen. Any objects with a delta relationship must be present in the same
+    pack (i.e., no "--thin" packs on disk), so we will find all related objects
+    from that pack. So assuming there are no cycles within a single pack (and
+    we avoid generating them via pack-objects or importing them via
+    index-pack), then our result will have no cycles.
+
+    So this case should pass the tests no matter how we arrange things.
+
+ 2. Picking the next pack to examine based on locality (i.e., where we found
+    something else recently).
+
+    In this case, we want to make sure that we find the delta versions of A and
+    B and not their base versions. We can do this by putting two blobs in each
+    pack. The first is a "dummy" blob that can only be found in the pack in
+    question.  And then the second is the actual delta we want to find.
+
+    The two blobs must be present in the same tree, not present in other trees,
+    and the dummy pathname must sort before the delta path.
+
+The setup below focuses on case 2. We have two commits HEAD and HEAD^, each
+which has two files: "dummy" and "file". Then we can make two packs which
+contain:
+
+  [pack one]
+  HEAD:dummy
+  HEAD:file  (as delta against HEAD^:file)
+  HEAD^:file (as base)
+
+  [pack two]
+  HEAD^:dummy
+  HEAD^:file (as delta against HEAD:file)
+  HEAD:file  (as base)
+
+Then no matter which order we start looking at the packs in, we know that we
+will always find a delta for "file", because its lookup will always come
+immediately after the lookup for "dummy".
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+
+
+# Create a pack containing the the tree $1 and blob $1:file, with
+# the latter stored as a delta against $2:file.
+#
+# We convince pack-objects to make the delta in the direction of our choosing
+# by marking $2 as a preferred-base edge. That results in $1:file as a thin
+# delta, and index-pack completes it by adding $2:file as a base.
+#
+# Note that the two variants of "file" must be similar enough to convince git
+# to create the delta.
+make_pack () {
+	{
+		printf '%s\n' "-$(git rev-parse $2)"
+		printf '%s dummy\n' "$(git rev-parse $1:dummy)"
+		printf '%s file\n' "$(git rev-parse $1:file)"
+	} |
+	git pack-objects --stdout |
+	git index-pack --stdin --fix-thin
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test-tool genrandom base 4096 >base &&
+	for i in one two
+	do
+		# we want shared content here to encourage deltas...
+		cp base file &&
+		echo $i >>file &&
+
+		# ...whereas dummy should be short, because we do not want
+		# deltas that would create duplicates when we --fix-thin
+		echo $i >dummy &&
+
+		git add file dummy &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m $i ||
+		return 1
+	done &&
+
+	make_pack HEAD^ HEAD &&
+	make_pack HEAD HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'repack' '
+	# We first want to check that we do not have any internal errors,
+	# and also that we do not hit the last-ditch cycle-breaking code
+	# in write_object(), which will issue a warning to stderr.
+	git repack -ad 2>stderr &&
+	test_must_be_empty stderr &&
+
+	# And then double-check that the resulting pack is usable (i.e.,
+	# we did not fail to notice any cycles). We know we are accessing
+	# the objects via the new pack here, because "repack -d" will have
+	# removed the others.
+	git cat-file blob HEAD:file >/dev/null &&
+	git cat-file blob HEAD^:file >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5315-pack-objects-compression.sh b/t/t5315-pack-objects-compression.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..34c47dae09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5315-pack-objects-compression.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='pack-object compression configuration'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# This should be moved to test-lib.sh together with the
+# copy in t0021 after both topics have graduated to 'master'.
+file_size () {
+	perl -e 'print -s $ARGV[0]' "$1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	printf "%2000000s" X |
+	git hash-object -w --stdin >object-name &&
+	# make sure it resulted in a loose object
+	ob=$(sed -e "s/\(..\).*/\1/" object-name) &&
+	ject=$(sed -e "s/..\(.*\)/\1/" object-name) &&
+	test -f .git/objects/$ob/$ject
+'
+
+while read expect config
+do
+	test_expect_success "pack-objects with $config" '
+		test_when_finished "rm -f pack-*.*" &&
+		git $config pack-objects pack <object-name &&
+		sz=$(file_size pack-*.pack) &&
+		case "$expect" in
+		small) test "$sz" -le 100000 ;;
+		large) test "$sz" -ge 100000 ;;
+		esac
+	'
+done <<\EOF
+large -c core.compression=0
+small -c core.compression=9
+large -c core.compression=0 -c pack.compression=0
+large -c core.compression=9 -c pack.compression=0
+small -c core.compression=0 -c pack.compression=9
+small -c core.compression=9 -c pack.compression=9
+large -c pack.compression=0
+small -c pack.compression=9
+EOF
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5316-pack-delta-depth.sh b/t/t5316-pack-delta-depth.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0f06c40eb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5316-pack-delta-depth.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='pack-objects breaks long cross-pack delta chains'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# This mirrors a repeated push setup:
+#
+# 1. A client repeatedly modifies some files, makes a
+#      commit, and pushes the result. It does this N times
+#      before we get around to repacking.
+#
+# 2. Each push generates a thin pack with the new version of
+#    various objects. Let's consider some file in the root tree
+#    which is updated in each commit.
+#
+#    When generating push number X, we feed commit X-1 (and
+#    thus blob X-1) as a preferred base. The resulting pack has
+#    blob X as a thin delta against blob X-1.
+#
+#    On the receiving end, "index-pack --fix-thin" will
+#    complete the pack with a base copy of blob X-1.
+#
+# 3. In older versions of git, if we used the delta from
+#    pack X, then we'd always find blob X-1 as a base in the
+#    same pack (and generate a fresh delta).
+#
+#    But with the pack mru, we jump from delta to delta
+#    following the traversal order:
+#
+#      a. We grab blob X from pack X as a delta, putting it at
+#         the tip of our mru list.
+#
+#      b. Eventually we move onto commit X-1. We need other
+#         objects which are only in pack X-1 (in the test code
+#         below, it's the containing tree). That puts pack X-1
+#         at the tip of our mru list.
+#
+#      c. Eventually we look for blob X-1, and we find the
+#         version in pack X-1 (because it's the mru tip).
+#
+# Now we have blob X as a delta against X-1, which is a delta
+# against X-2, and so forth.
+#
+# In the real world, these small pushes would get exploded by
+# unpack-objects rather than "index-pack --fix-thin", but the
+# same principle applies to larger pushes (they only need one
+# repeatedly-modified file to generate the delta chain).
+
+test_expect_success 'create series of packs' '
+	test-tool genrandom foo 4096 >content &&
+	prev= &&
+	for i in $(test_seq 1 10)
+	do
+		cat content >file &&
+		echo $i >>file &&
+		git add file &&
+		git commit -m $i &&
+		cur=$(git rev-parse HEAD^{tree}) &&
+		{
+			test -n "$prev" && echo "-$prev"
+			echo $cur
+			echo "$(git rev-parse :file) file"
+		} | git pack-objects --stdout >tmp &&
+		git index-pack --stdin --fix-thin <tmp || return 1
+		prev=$cur
+	done
+'
+
+max_chain() {
+	git index-pack --verify-stat-only "$1" >output &&
+	perl -lne '
+	  /chain length = (\d+)/ and $len = $1;
+	  END { print $len }
+	' output
+}
+
+# Note that this whole setup is pretty reliant on the current
+# packing heuristics. We double-check that our test case
+# actually produces a long chain. If it doesn't, it should be
+# adjusted (or scrapped if the heuristics have become too unreliable)
+test_expect_success 'packing produces a long delta' '
+	# Use --window=0 to make sure we are seeing reused deltas,
+	# not computing a new long chain.
+	pack=$(git pack-objects --all --window=0 </dev/null pack) &&
+	echo 9 >expect &&
+	max_chain pack-$pack.pack >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--depth limits depth' '
+	pack=$(git pack-objects --all --depth=5 </dev/null pack) &&
+	echo 5 >expect &&
+	max_chain pack-$pack.pack >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5317-pack-objects-filter-objects.sh b/t/t5317-pack-objects-filter-objects.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..6710c8bc8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5317-pack-objects-filter-objects.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,391 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git pack-objects using object filtering'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Test blob:none filter.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r1' '
+	echo "{print \$1}" >print_1.awk &&
+	echo "{print \$2}" >print_2.awk &&
+
+	git init r1 &&
+	for n in 1 2 3 4 5
+	do
+		echo "This is file: $n" > r1/file.$n
+		git -C r1 add file.$n
+		git -C r1 commit -m "$n"
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob count in normal packfile' '
+	git -C r1 ls-files -s file.1 file.2 file.3 file.4 file.5 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r1 pack-objects --rev --stdout >all.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r1 index-pack ../all.pack &&
+	git -C r1 verify-pack -v ../all.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:none packfile has no blobs' '
+	git -C r1 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=blob:none >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r1 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r1 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	nr=$(wc -l <observed) &&
+	test 0 -eq $nr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify normal and blob:none packfiles have same commits/trees' '
+	git -C r1 verify-pack -v ../all.pack \
+		| grep -E "commit|tree" \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r1 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep -E "commit|tree" \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+# Test blob:limit=<n>[kmg] filter.
+# We boundary test around the size parameter.  The filter is strictly less than
+# the value, so size 500 and 1000 should have the same results, but 1001 should
+# filter more.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r2' '
+	git init r2 &&
+	for n in 1000 10000
+	do
+		printf "%"$n"s" X > r2/large.$n
+		git -C r2 add large.$n
+		git -C r2 commit -m "$n"
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob count in normal packfile' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.1000 large.10000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 pack-objects --rev --stdout >all.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r2 index-pack ../all.pack &&
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../all.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=500 omits all blobs' '
+	git -C r2 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=blob:limit=500 >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r2 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	nr=$(wc -l <observed) &&
+	test 0 -eq $nr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=1000' '
+	git -C r2 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=blob:limit=1000 >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r2 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	nr=$(wc -l <observed) &&
+	test 0 -eq $nr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=1001' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.1000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=blob:limit=1001 >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r2 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=10001' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.1000 large.10000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=blob:limit=10001 >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r2 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=1k' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.1000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=blob:limit=1k >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r2 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify explicitly specifying oversized blob in input' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.1000 large.10000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=blob:limit=1k >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	$(git -C r2 rev-parse HEAD:large.10000)
+	EOF
+	git -C r2 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=1m' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.1000 large.10000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=blob:limit=1m >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r2 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify normal and blob:limit packfiles have same commits/trees' '
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../all.pack \
+		| grep -E "commit|tree" \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep -E "commit|tree" \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+# Test sparse:path=<path> filter.
+# Use a local file containing a sparse-checkout specification to filter
+# out blobs not required for the corresponding sparse-checkout.  We do not
+# require sparse-checkout to actually be enabled.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r3' '
+	git init r3 &&
+	mkdir r3/dir1 &&
+	for n in sparse1 sparse2
+	do
+		echo "This is file: $n" > r3/$n
+		git -C r3 add $n
+		echo "This is file: dir1/$n" > r3/dir1/$n
+		git -C r3 add dir1/$n
+	done &&
+	git -C r3 commit -m "sparse" &&
+	echo dir1/ >pattern1 &&
+	echo sparse1 >pattern2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob count in normal packfile' '
+	git -C r3 ls-files -s sparse1 sparse2 dir1/sparse1 dir1/sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r3 pack-objects --rev --stdout >all.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r3 index-pack ../all.pack &&
+	git -C r3 verify-pack -v ../all.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify sparse:path=pattern1' '
+	git -C r3 ls-files -s dir1/sparse1 dir1/sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r3 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=sparse:path=../pattern1 >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r3 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r3 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify normal and sparse:path=pattern1 packfiles have same commits/trees' '
+	git -C r3 verify-pack -v ../all.pack \
+		| grep -E "commit|tree" \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r3 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep -E "commit|tree" \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify sparse:path=pattern2' '
+	git -C r3 ls-files -s sparse1 dir1/sparse1 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r3 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=sparse:path=../pattern2 >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r3 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r3 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify normal and sparse:path=pattern2 packfiles have same commits/trees' '
+	git -C r3 verify-pack -v ../all.pack \
+		| grep -E "commit|tree" \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r3 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep -E "commit|tree" \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+# Test sparse:oid=<oid-ish> filter.
+# Like sparse:path, but we get the sparse-checkout specification from
+# a blob rather than a file on disk.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r4' '
+	git init r4 &&
+	mkdir r4/dir1 &&
+	for n in sparse1 sparse2
+	do
+		echo "This is file: $n" > r4/$n
+		git -C r4 add $n
+		echo "This is file: dir1/$n" > r4/dir1/$n
+		git -C r4 add dir1/$n
+	done &&
+	echo dir1/ >r4/pattern &&
+	git -C r4 add pattern &&
+	git -C r4 commit -m "pattern"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob count in normal packfile' '
+	git -C r4 ls-files -s pattern sparse1 sparse2 dir1/sparse1 dir1/sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r4 pack-objects --rev --stdout >all.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r4 index-pack ../all.pack &&
+	git -C r4 verify-pack -v ../all.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify sparse:oid=OID' '
+	git -C r4 ls-files -s dir1/sparse1 dir1/sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	oid=$(git -C r4 ls-files -s pattern | awk -f print_2.awk) &&
+	git -C r4 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=sparse:oid=$oid >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r4 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r4 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify sparse:oid=oid-ish' '
+	git -C r4 ls-files -s dir1/sparse1 dir1/sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r4 pack-objects --rev --stdout --filter=sparse:oid=master:pattern >filter.pack <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git -C r4 index-pack ../filter.pack &&
+	git -C r4 verify-pack -v ../filter.pack \
+		| grep blob \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+# Delete some loose objects and use pack-objects, but WITHOUT any filtering.
+# This models previously omitted objects that we did not receive.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r1 - delete loose blobs' '
+	git -C r1 ls-files -s file.1 file.2 file.3 file.4 file.5 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	for id in `cat expected | sed "s|..|&/|"`
+	do
+		rm r1/.git/objects/$id
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify pack-objects fails w/ missing objects' '
+	test_must_fail git -C r1 pack-objects --rev --stdout >miss.pack <<-EOF
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify pack-objects fails w/ --missing=error' '
+	test_must_fail git -C r1 pack-objects --rev --stdout --missing=error >miss.pack <<-EOF
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify pack-objects w/ --missing=allow-any' '
+	git -C r1 pack-objects --rev --stdout --missing=allow-any >miss.pack <<-EOF
+	HEAD
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5318-commit-graph.sh b/t/t5318-commit-graph.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3c1ffad491
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5318-commit-graph.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,471 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='commit graph'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup full repo' '
+	mkdir full &&
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	git init &&
+	git config core.commitGraph true &&
+	objdir=".git/objects"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify graph with no graph file' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	git commit-graph verify
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'write graph with no packs' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	git commit-graph write --object-dir . &&
+	test_path_is_file info/commit-graph
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create commits and repack' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	for i in $(test_seq 3)
+	do
+		test_commit $i &&
+		git branch commits/$i
+	done &&
+	git repack
+'
+
+graph_git_two_modes() {
+	git -c core.commitGraph=true $1 >output
+	git -c core.commitGraph=false $1 >expect
+	test_cmp output expect
+}
+
+graph_git_behavior() {
+	MSG=$1
+	DIR=$2
+	BRANCH=$3
+	COMPARE=$4
+	test_expect_success "check normal git operations: $MSG" '
+		cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/$DIR" &&
+		graph_git_two_modes "log --oneline $BRANCH" &&
+		graph_git_two_modes "log --topo-order $BRANCH" &&
+		graph_git_two_modes "log --graph $COMPARE..$BRANCH" &&
+		graph_git_two_modes "branch -vv" &&
+		graph_git_two_modes "merge-base -a $BRANCH $COMPARE"
+	'
+}
+
+graph_git_behavior 'no graph' full commits/3 commits/1
+
+graph_read_expect() {
+	OPTIONAL=""
+	NUM_CHUNKS=3
+	if test ! -z $2
+	then
+		OPTIONAL=" $2"
+		NUM_CHUNKS=$((3 + $(echo "$2" | wc -w)))
+	fi
+	cat >expect <<- EOF
+	header: 43475048 1 1 $NUM_CHUNKS 0
+	num_commits: $1
+	chunks: oid_fanout oid_lookup commit_metadata$OPTIONAL
+	EOF
+	git commit-graph read >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'write graph' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	graph1=$(git commit-graph write) &&
+	test_path_is_file $objdir/info/commit-graph &&
+	graph_read_expect "3"
+'
+
+graph_git_behavior 'graph exists' full commits/3 commits/1
+
+test_expect_success 'Add more commits' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	git reset --hard commits/1 &&
+	for i in $(test_seq 4 5)
+	do
+		test_commit $i &&
+		git branch commits/$i
+	done &&
+	git reset --hard commits/2 &&
+	for i in $(test_seq 6 7)
+	do
+		test_commit $i &&
+		git branch commits/$i
+	done &&
+	git reset --hard commits/2 &&
+	git merge commits/4 &&
+	git branch merge/1 &&
+	git reset --hard commits/4 &&
+	git merge commits/6 &&
+	git branch merge/2 &&
+	git reset --hard commits/3 &&
+	git merge commits/5 commits/7 &&
+	git branch merge/3 &&
+	git repack
+'
+
+# Current graph structure:
+#
+#   __M3___
+#  /   |   \
+# 3 M1 5 M2 7
+# |/  \|/  \|
+# 2    4    6
+# |___/____/
+# 1
+
+test_expect_success 'write graph with merges' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	git commit-graph write &&
+	test_path_is_file $objdir/info/commit-graph &&
+	graph_read_expect "10" "large_edges"
+'
+
+graph_git_behavior 'merge 1 vs 2' full merge/1 merge/2
+graph_git_behavior 'merge 1 vs 3' full merge/1 merge/3
+graph_git_behavior 'merge 2 vs 3' full merge/2 merge/3
+
+test_expect_success 'Add one more commit' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	test_commit 8 &&
+	git branch commits/8 &&
+	ls $objdir/pack | grep idx >existing-idx &&
+	git repack &&
+	ls $objdir/pack| grep idx | grep -v --file=existing-idx >new-idx
+'
+
+# Current graph structure:
+#
+#      8
+#      |
+#   __M3___
+#  /   |   \
+# 3 M1 5 M2 7
+# |/  \|/  \|
+# 2    4    6
+# |___/____/
+# 1
+
+graph_git_behavior 'mixed mode, commit 8 vs merge 1' full commits/8 merge/1
+graph_git_behavior 'mixed mode, commit 8 vs merge 2' full commits/8 merge/2
+
+test_expect_success 'write graph with new commit' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	git commit-graph write &&
+	test_path_is_file $objdir/info/commit-graph &&
+	graph_read_expect "11" "large_edges"
+'
+
+graph_git_behavior 'full graph, commit 8 vs merge 1' full commits/8 merge/1
+graph_git_behavior 'full graph, commit 8 vs merge 2' full commits/8 merge/2
+
+test_expect_success 'write graph with nothing new' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	git commit-graph write &&
+	test_path_is_file $objdir/info/commit-graph &&
+	graph_read_expect "11" "large_edges"
+'
+
+graph_git_behavior 'cleared graph, commit 8 vs merge 1' full commits/8 merge/1
+graph_git_behavior 'cleared graph, commit 8 vs merge 2' full commits/8 merge/2
+
+test_expect_success 'build graph from latest pack with closure' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	cat new-idx | git commit-graph write --stdin-packs &&
+	test_path_is_file $objdir/info/commit-graph &&
+	graph_read_expect "9" "large_edges"
+'
+
+graph_git_behavior 'graph from pack, commit 8 vs merge 1' full commits/8 merge/1
+graph_git_behavior 'graph from pack, commit 8 vs merge 2' full commits/8 merge/2
+
+test_expect_success 'build graph from commits with closure' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	git tag -a -m "merge" tag/merge merge/2 &&
+	git rev-parse tag/merge >commits-in &&
+	git rev-parse merge/1 >>commits-in &&
+	cat commits-in | git commit-graph write --stdin-commits &&
+	test_path_is_file $objdir/info/commit-graph &&
+	graph_read_expect "6"
+'
+
+graph_git_behavior 'graph from commits, commit 8 vs merge 1' full commits/8 merge/1
+graph_git_behavior 'graph from commits, commit 8 vs merge 2' full commits/8 merge/2
+
+test_expect_success 'build graph from commits with append' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	git rev-parse merge/3 | git commit-graph write --stdin-commits --append &&
+	test_path_is_file $objdir/info/commit-graph &&
+	graph_read_expect "10" "large_edges"
+'
+
+graph_git_behavior 'append graph, commit 8 vs merge 1' full commits/8 merge/1
+graph_git_behavior 'append graph, commit 8 vs merge 2' full commits/8 merge/2
+
+test_expect_success 'build graph using --reachable' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	git commit-graph write --reachable &&
+	test_path_is_file $objdir/info/commit-graph &&
+	graph_read_expect "11" "large_edges"
+'
+
+graph_git_behavior 'append graph, commit 8 vs merge 1' full commits/8 merge/1
+graph_git_behavior 'append graph, commit 8 vs merge 2' full commits/8 merge/2
+
+test_expect_success 'setup bare repo' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" &&
+	git clone --bare --no-local full bare &&
+	cd bare &&
+	git config core.commitGraph true &&
+	baredir="./objects"
+'
+
+graph_git_behavior 'bare repo, commit 8 vs merge 1' bare commits/8 merge/1
+graph_git_behavior 'bare repo, commit 8 vs merge 2' bare commits/8 merge/2
+
+test_expect_success 'write graph in bare repo' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/bare" &&
+	git commit-graph write &&
+	test_path_is_file $baredir/info/commit-graph &&
+	graph_read_expect "11" "large_edges"
+'
+
+graph_git_behavior 'bare repo with graph, commit 8 vs merge 1' bare commits/8 merge/1
+graph_git_behavior 'bare repo with graph, commit 8 vs merge 2' bare commits/8 merge/2
+
+test_expect_success 'perform fast-forward merge in full repo' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	git checkout -b merge-5-to-8 commits/5 &&
+	git merge commits/8 &&
+	git show-ref -s merge-5-to-8 >output &&
+	git show-ref -s commits/8 >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check that gc computes commit-graph' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "blank" &&
+	git commit-graph write --reachable &&
+	cp $objdir/info/commit-graph commit-graph-before-gc &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD~1 &&
+	git config gc.writeCommitGraph true &&
+	git gc &&
+	cp $objdir/info/commit-graph commit-graph-after-gc &&
+	! test_cmp_bin commit-graph-before-gc commit-graph-after-gc &&
+	git commit-graph write --reachable &&
+	test_cmp_bin commit-graph-after-gc $objdir/info/commit-graph
+'
+
+# the verify tests below expect the commit-graph to contain
+# exactly the commits reachable from the commits/8 branch.
+# If the file changes the set of commits in the list, then the
+# offsets into the binary file will result in different edits
+# and the tests will likely break.
+
+test_expect_success 'git commit-graph verify' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	git rev-parse commits/8 | git commit-graph write --stdin-commits &&
+	git commit-graph verify >output
+'
+
+NUM_COMMITS=9
+NUM_OCTOPUS_EDGES=2
+HASH_LEN=20
+GRAPH_BYTE_VERSION=4
+GRAPH_BYTE_HASH=5
+GRAPH_BYTE_CHUNK_COUNT=6
+GRAPH_CHUNK_LOOKUP_OFFSET=8
+GRAPH_CHUNK_LOOKUP_WIDTH=12
+GRAPH_CHUNK_LOOKUP_ROWS=5
+GRAPH_BYTE_OID_FANOUT_ID=$GRAPH_CHUNK_LOOKUP_OFFSET
+GRAPH_BYTE_OID_LOOKUP_ID=$(($GRAPH_CHUNK_LOOKUP_OFFSET + \
+			    1 * $GRAPH_CHUNK_LOOKUP_WIDTH))
+GRAPH_BYTE_COMMIT_DATA_ID=$(($GRAPH_CHUNK_LOOKUP_OFFSET + \
+			     2 * $GRAPH_CHUNK_LOOKUP_WIDTH))
+GRAPH_FANOUT_OFFSET=$(($GRAPH_CHUNK_LOOKUP_OFFSET + \
+		       $GRAPH_CHUNK_LOOKUP_WIDTH * $GRAPH_CHUNK_LOOKUP_ROWS))
+GRAPH_BYTE_FANOUT1=$(($GRAPH_FANOUT_OFFSET + 4 * 4))
+GRAPH_BYTE_FANOUT2=$(($GRAPH_FANOUT_OFFSET + 4 * 255))
+GRAPH_OID_LOOKUP_OFFSET=$(($GRAPH_FANOUT_OFFSET + 4 * 256))
+GRAPH_BYTE_OID_LOOKUP_ORDER=$(($GRAPH_OID_LOOKUP_OFFSET + $HASH_LEN * 8))
+GRAPH_BYTE_OID_LOOKUP_MISSING=$(($GRAPH_OID_LOOKUP_OFFSET + $HASH_LEN * 4 + 10))
+GRAPH_COMMIT_DATA_OFFSET=$(($GRAPH_OID_LOOKUP_OFFSET + $HASH_LEN * $NUM_COMMITS))
+GRAPH_BYTE_COMMIT_TREE=$GRAPH_COMMIT_DATA_OFFSET
+GRAPH_BYTE_COMMIT_PARENT=$(($GRAPH_COMMIT_DATA_OFFSET + $HASH_LEN))
+GRAPH_BYTE_COMMIT_EXTRA_PARENT=$(($GRAPH_COMMIT_DATA_OFFSET + $HASH_LEN + 4))
+GRAPH_BYTE_COMMIT_WRONG_PARENT=$(($GRAPH_COMMIT_DATA_OFFSET + $HASH_LEN + 3))
+GRAPH_BYTE_COMMIT_GENERATION=$(($GRAPH_COMMIT_DATA_OFFSET + $HASH_LEN + 11))
+GRAPH_BYTE_COMMIT_DATE=$(($GRAPH_COMMIT_DATA_OFFSET + $HASH_LEN + 12))
+GRAPH_COMMIT_DATA_WIDTH=$(($HASH_LEN + 16))
+GRAPH_OCTOPUS_DATA_OFFSET=$(($GRAPH_COMMIT_DATA_OFFSET + \
+			     $GRAPH_COMMIT_DATA_WIDTH * $NUM_COMMITS))
+GRAPH_BYTE_OCTOPUS=$(($GRAPH_OCTOPUS_DATA_OFFSET + 4))
+GRAPH_BYTE_FOOTER=$(($GRAPH_OCTOPUS_DATA_OFFSET + 4 * $NUM_OCTOPUS_EDGES))
+
+# usage: corrupt_graph_and_verify <position> <data> <string>
+# Manipulates the commit-graph file at the position
+# by inserting the data, then runs 'git commit-graph verify'
+# and places the output in the file 'err'. Test 'err' for
+# the given string.
+corrupt_graph_and_verify() {
+	pos=$1
+	data="${2:-\0}"
+	grepstr=$3
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	test_when_finished mv commit-graph-backup $objdir/info/commit-graph &&
+	cp $objdir/info/commit-graph commit-graph-backup &&
+	printf "$data" | dd of="$objdir/info/commit-graph" bs=1 seek="$pos" conv=notrunc &&
+	test_must_fail git commit-graph verify 2>test_err &&
+	grep -v "^+" test_err >err
+	test_i18ngrep "$grepstr" err
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'detect bad signature' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify 0 "\0" \
+		"graph signature"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect bad version' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_VERSION "\02" \
+		"graph version"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect bad hash version' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_HASH "\02" \
+		"hash version"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect low chunk count' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_CHUNK_COUNT "\02" \
+		"missing the .* chunk"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect missing OID fanout chunk' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_OID_FANOUT_ID "\0" \
+		"missing the OID Fanout chunk"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect missing OID lookup chunk' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_OID_LOOKUP_ID "\0" \
+		"missing the OID Lookup chunk"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect missing commit data chunk' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_COMMIT_DATA_ID "\0" \
+		"missing the Commit Data chunk"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect incorrect fanout' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_FANOUT1 "\01" \
+		"fanout value"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect incorrect fanout final value' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_FANOUT2 "\01" \
+		"fanout value"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect incorrect OID order' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_OID_LOOKUP_ORDER "\01" \
+		"incorrect OID order"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect OID not in object database' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_OID_LOOKUP_MISSING "\01" \
+		"from object database"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect incorrect tree OID' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_COMMIT_TREE "\01" \
+		"root tree OID for commit"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect incorrect parent int-id' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_COMMIT_PARENT "\01" \
+		"invalid parent"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect extra parent int-id' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_COMMIT_EXTRA_PARENT "\00" \
+		"is too long"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect wrong parent' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_COMMIT_WRONG_PARENT "\01" \
+		"commit-graph parent for"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect incorrect generation number' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_COMMIT_GENERATION "\070" \
+		"generation for commit"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect incorrect generation number' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_COMMIT_GENERATION "\01" \
+		"non-zero generation number"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect incorrect commit date' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_COMMIT_DATE "\01" \
+		"commit date"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect incorrect parent for octopus merge' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_OCTOPUS "\01" \
+		"invalid parent"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect invalid checksum hash' '
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_FOOTER "\00" \
+		"incorrect checksum"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git fsck (checks commit-graph)' '
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/full" &&
+	git fsck &&
+	corrupt_graph_and_verify $GRAPH_BYTE_FOOTER "\00" \
+		"incorrect checksum" &&
+	test_must_fail git fsck
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup non-the_repository tests' '
+	rm -rf repo &&
+	git init repo &&
+	test_commit -C repo one &&
+	test_commit -C repo two &&
+	git -C repo config core.commitGraph true &&
+	git -C repo rev-parse two | \
+		git -C repo commit-graph write --stdin-commits
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'parse_commit_in_graph works for non-the_repository' '
+	test-tool repository parse_commit_in_graph \
+		repo/.git repo "$(git -C repo rev-parse two)" >actual &&
+	{
+		git -C repo log --pretty=format:"%ct " -1 &&
+		git -C repo rev-parse one
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	test-tool repository parse_commit_in_graph \
+		repo/.git repo "$(git -C repo rev-parse one)" >actual &&
+	git -C repo log --pretty="%ct" -1 one >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'get_commit_tree_in_graph works for non-the_repository' '
+	test-tool repository get_commit_tree_in_graph \
+		repo/.git repo "$(git -C repo rev-parse two)" >actual &&
+	git -C repo rev-parse two^{tree} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	test-tool repository get_commit_tree_in_graph \
+		repo/.git repo "$(git -C repo rev-parse one)" >actual &&
+	git -C repo rev-parse one^{tree} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5400-send-pack.sh b/t/t5400-send-pack.sh
index 04cea97f87..f1932ea431 100755
--- a/t/t5400-send-pack.sh
+++ b/t/t5400-send-pack.sh
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push can be used to delete a ref' '
 test_expect_success 'refuse deleting push with denyDeletes' '
 	(
 	    cd victim &&
-	    ( git branch -D extra || : ) &&
+	    test_might_fail git branch -D extra &&
 	    git config receive.denyDeletes true &&
 	    git branch extra master
 	) &&
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ test_expect_success 'override denyDeletes with git -c receive-pack' '
 test_expect_success 'denyNonFastforwards trumps --force' '
 	(
 	    cd victim &&
-	    ( git branch -D extra || : ) &&
+	    test_might_fail git branch -D extra &&
 	    git config receive.denyNonFastforwards true
 	) &&
 	victim_orig=$(cd victim && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
@@ -128,6 +128,18 @@ test_expect_success 'denyNonFastforwards trumps --force' '
 	test "$victim_orig" = "$victim_head"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'send-pack --all sends all branches' '
+	# make sure we have at least 2 branches with different
+	# values, just to be thorough
+	git branch other-branch HEAD^ &&
+
+	git init --bare all.git &&
+	git send-pack --all all.git &&
+	git for-each-ref refs/heads >expect &&
+	git -C all.git for-each-ref refs/heads >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'push --all excludes remote-tracking hierarchy' '
 	mkdir parent &&
 	(
@@ -168,7 +180,7 @@ test_expect_success 'receive-pack runs auto-gc in remote repo' '
 	    # And create a file that follows the temporary object naming
 	    # convention for the auto-gc to remove
 	    : >.git/objects/tmp_test_object &&
-	    test-chmtime =-1209601 .git/objects/tmp_test_object
+	    test-tool chmtime =-1209601 .git/objects/tmp_test_object
 	) &&
 	(
 	    cd parent &&
@@ -243,4 +255,45 @@ test_expect_success 'deny pushing to delete current branch' '
 	)
 '
 
+extract_ref_advertisement () {
+	perl -lne '
+		# \\ is there to skip capabilities after \0
+		/push< ([^\\]+)/ or next;
+		exit 0 if $1 eq "0000";
+		print $1;
+	'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'receive-pack de-dupes .have lines' '
+	git init shared &&
+	git -C shared commit --allow-empty -m both &&
+	git clone -s shared fork &&
+	(
+		cd shared &&
+		git checkout -b only-shared &&
+		git commit --allow-empty -m only-shared &&
+		git update-ref refs/heads/foo HEAD
+	) &&
+
+	# Notable things in this expectation:
+	#  - local refs are not de-duped
+	#  - .have does not duplicate locals
+	#  - .have does not duplicate itself
+	local=$(git -C fork rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	shared=$(git -C shared rev-parse only-shared) &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$local refs/heads/master
+	$local refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+	$local refs/remotes/origin/master
+	$shared .have
+	EOF
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=$(pwd)/trace \
+	    git push \
+		--receive-pack="unset GIT_TRACE_PACKET; git-receive-pack" \
+		fork HEAD:foo &&
+	extract_ref_advertisement <trace >refs &&
+	test_cmp expect refs
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5401-update-hooks.sh b/t/t5401-update-hooks.sh
index 7f278d8ce9..956d69f5b1 100755
--- a/t/t5401-update-hooks.sh
+++ b/t/t5401-update-hooks.sh
@@ -82,13 +82,13 @@ test_expect_success 'hooks ran' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pre-receive hook input' '
-	(echo $commit0 $commit1 refs/heads/master;
+	(echo $commit0 $commit1 refs/heads/master &&
 	 echo $commit1 $commit0 refs/heads/tofail
 	) | test_cmp - victim.git/pre-receive.stdin
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'update hook arguments' '
-	(echo refs/heads/master $commit0 $commit1;
+	(echo refs/heads/master $commit0 $commit1 &&
 	 echo refs/heads/tofail $commit1 $commit0
 	) | test_cmp - victim.git/update.args
 '
@@ -104,17 +104,17 @@ test_expect_success 'post-update hook arguments' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'all hook stdin is /dev/null' '
-	! test -s victim.git/update.stdin &&
-	! test -s victim.git/post-update.stdin
+	test_must_be_empty victim.git/update.stdin &&
+	test_must_be_empty victim.git/post-update.stdin
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'all *-receive hook args are empty' '
-	! test -s victim.git/pre-receive.args &&
-	! test -s victim.git/post-receive.args
+	test_must_be_empty victim.git/pre-receive.args &&
+	test_must_be_empty victim.git/post-receive.args
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'send-pack produced no output' '
-	! test -s send.out
+	test_must_be_empty send.out
 '
 
 cat <<EOF >expect
diff --git a/t/t5404-tracking-branches.sh b/t/t5404-tracking-branches.sh
index 2b8c0bac7d..2762f420bc 100755
--- a/t/t5404-tracking-branches.sh
+++ b/t/t5404-tracking-branches.sh
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ test_expect_success 'deleted branches have their tracking branches removed' '
 test_expect_success 'already deleted tracking branches ignored' '
 	git branch -d -r origin/b3 &&
 	git push origin :b3 >output 2>&1 &&
-	! grep error output
+	! grep "^error: " output
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5405-send-pack-rewind.sh b/t/t5405-send-pack-rewind.sh
index 4bda18a662..235fb7686a 100755
--- a/t/t5405-send-pack-rewind.sh
+++ b/t/t5405-send-pack-rewind.sh
@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ test_expect_success 'non forced push should die not segfault' '
 
 	(
 		cd another &&
-		git push .. master:master
-		test $? = 1
+		test_must_fail git push .. master:master
 	)
 
 '
diff --git a/t/t5406-remote-rejects.sh b/t/t5406-remote-rejects.sh
index 59e80a5ea2..ff06f99649 100755
--- a/t/t5406-remote-rejects.sh
+++ b/t/t5406-remote-rejects.sh
@@ -6,8 +6,9 @@ test_description='remote push rejects are reported by client'
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	mkdir .git/hooks &&
-	(echo "#!/bin/sh" ; echo "exit 1") >.git/hooks/update &&
-	chmod +x .git/hooks/update &&
+	write_script .git/hooks/update <<-\EOF &&
+	exit 1
+	EOF
 	echo 1 >file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -m 1 &&
diff --git a/t/t5407-post-rewrite-hook.sh b/t/t5407-post-rewrite-hook.sh
index ea2e0d4b48..9b2a274c71 100755
--- a/t/t5407-post-rewrite-hook.sh
+++ b/t/t5407-post-rewrite-hook.sh
@@ -61,10 +61,10 @@ test_expect_success 'git rebase' '
 	git add foo &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	echo rebase >expected.args &&
-	cat >expected.data <<EOF &&
-$(git rev-parse C) $(git rev-parse HEAD^)
-$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
-EOF
+	cat >expected.data <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse C) $(git rev-parse HEAD^)
+	$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+	EOF
 	verify_hook_input
 '
 
@@ -77,9 +77,9 @@ test_expect_success 'git rebase --skip' '
 	git add foo &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	echo rebase >expected.args &&
-	cat >expected.data <<EOF &&
-$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
-EOF
+	cat >expected.data <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+	EOF
 	verify_hook_input
 '
 
@@ -89,9 +89,9 @@ test_expect_success 'git rebase --skip the last one' '
 	test_must_fail git rebase --onto D A &&
 	git rebase --skip &&
 	echo rebase >expected.args &&
-	cat >expected.data <<EOF &&
-$(git rev-parse E) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
-EOF
+	cat >expected.data <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse E) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+	EOF
 	verify_hook_input
 '
 
@@ -103,25 +103,25 @@ test_expect_success 'git rebase -m' '
 	git add foo &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	echo rebase >expected.args &&
-	cat >expected.data <<EOF &&
-$(git rev-parse C) $(git rev-parse HEAD^)
-$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
-EOF
+	cat >expected.data <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse C) $(git rev-parse HEAD^)
+	$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+	EOF
 	verify_hook_input
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git rebase -m --skip' '
 	git reset --hard D &&
 	clear_hook_input &&
-	test_must_fail git rebase --onto A B &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -m --onto A B &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase --skip &&
 	echo D > foo &&
 	git add foo &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	echo rebase >expected.args &&
-	cat >expected.data <<EOF &&
-$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
-EOF
+	cat >expected.data <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+	EOF
 	verify_hook_input
 '
 
@@ -148,10 +148,10 @@ test_expect_success 'git rebase -i (unchanged)' '
 	git add foo &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	echo rebase >expected.args &&
-	cat >expected.data <<EOF &&
-$(git rev-parse C) $(git rev-parse HEAD^)
-$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
-EOF
+	cat >expected.data <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse C) $(git rev-parse HEAD^)
+	$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+	EOF
 	verify_hook_input
 '
 
@@ -163,9 +163,9 @@ test_expect_success 'git rebase -i (skip)' '
 	git add foo &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	echo rebase >expected.args &&
-	cat >expected.data <<EOF &&
-$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
-EOF
+	cat >expected.data <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+	EOF
 	verify_hook_input
 '
 
@@ -177,10 +177,10 @@ test_expect_success 'git rebase -i (squash)' '
 	git add foo &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	echo rebase >expected.args &&
-	cat >expected.data <<EOF &&
-$(git rev-parse C) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
-$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
-EOF
+	cat >expected.data <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse C) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+	$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+	EOF
 	verify_hook_input
 '
 
@@ -189,10 +189,10 @@ test_expect_success 'git rebase -i (fixup without conflict)' '
 	clear_hook_input &&
 	FAKE_LINES="1 fixup 2" git rebase -i B &&
 	echo rebase >expected.args &&
-	cat >expected.data <<EOF &&
-$(git rev-parse C) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
-$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
-EOF
+	cat >expected.data <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse C) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+	$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+	EOF
 	verify_hook_input
 '
 
@@ -205,10 +205,27 @@ test_expect_success 'git rebase -i (double edit)' '
 	git add foo &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	echo rebase >expected.args &&
-	cat >expected.data <<EOF &&
-$(git rev-parse C) $(git rev-parse HEAD^)
-$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
-EOF
+	cat >expected.data <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse C) $(git rev-parse HEAD^)
+	$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+	EOF
+	verify_hook_input
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git rebase -i (exec)' '
+	git reset --hard D &&
+	clear_hook_input &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 exec_false 2" git rebase -i B &&
+	echo something >bar &&
+	git add bar &&
+	# Fails because of exec false
+	test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	echo rebase >expected.args &&
+	cat >expected.data <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse C) $(git rev-parse HEAD^)
+	$(git rev-parse D) $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+	EOF
 	verify_hook_input
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t5409-colorize-remote-messages.sh b/t/t5409-colorize-remote-messages.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f81b6813c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5409-colorize-remote-messages.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='remote messages are colorized on the client'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	mkdir .git/hooks &&
+	write_script .git/hooks/update <<-\EOF &&
+	echo error: error
+	echo ERROR: also highlighted
+	echo hint: hint
+	echo hinting: not highlighted
+	echo success: success
+	echo warning: warning
+	echo prefixerror: error
+	echo " " "error: leading space"
+	echo "    "
+	echo Err
+	exit 0
+	EOF
+	echo 1 >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m 1 &&
+	git clone . child &&
+	(
+		cd child &&
+		test_commit message2 file content2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'keywords' '
+	git --git-dir child/.git -c color.remote=always push -f origin HEAD:refs/heads/keywords 2>output &&
+	test_decode_color <output >decoded &&
+	grep "<BOLD;RED>error<RESET>: error" decoded &&
+	grep "<YELLOW>hint<RESET>:" decoded &&
+	grep "<BOLD;GREEN>success<RESET>:" decoded &&
+	grep "<BOLD;YELLOW>warning<RESET>:" decoded
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'whole words at line start' '
+	git --git-dir child/.git -c color.remote=always push -f origin HEAD:refs/heads/whole-words 2>output &&
+	test_decode_color <output >decoded &&
+	grep "<YELLOW>hint<RESET>:" decoded &&
+	grep "hinting: not highlighted" decoded &&
+	grep "prefixerror: error" decoded
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'short line' '
+	git -C child -c color.remote=always push -f origin HEAD:short-line 2>output &&
+	test_decode_color <output >decoded &&
+	grep "remote: Err" decoded
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'case-insensitive' '
+	git --git-dir child/.git -c color.remote=always push -f origin HEAD:refs/heads/case-insensitive 2>output &&
+	cat output &&
+	test_decode_color <output >decoded &&
+	grep "<BOLD;RED>error<RESET>: error" decoded &&
+	grep "<BOLD;RED>ERROR<RESET>: also highlighted" decoded
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'leading space' '
+	git --git-dir child/.git -c color.remote=always push -f origin HEAD:refs/heads/leading-space 2>output &&        cat output &&
+	test_decode_color <output >decoded &&
+	grep "  <BOLD;RED>error<RESET>: leading space" decoded
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'spaces only' '
+	git -C child -c color.remote=always push -f origin HEAD:only-space 2>output &&
+	test_decode_color <output >decoded &&
+	grep "remote:     " decoded
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no coloring for redirected output' '
+	git --git-dir child/.git push -f origin HEAD:refs/heads/redirected-output 2>output &&
+	test_decode_color <output >decoded &&
+	grep "error: error" decoded
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with customized color' '
+	git --git-dir child/.git -c color.remote=always -c color.remote.error=blue push -f origin HEAD:refs/heads/customized-color 2>output &&
+	test_decode_color <output >decoded &&
+	grep "<BLUE>error<RESET>:" decoded &&
+	grep "<BOLD;GREEN>success<RESET>:" decoded
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'error in customized color' '
+	git --git-dir child/.git -c color.remote=always -c color.remote.error=i-am-not-a-color push -f origin HEAD:refs/heads/error-customized-color 2>output &&
+	test_decode_color <output >decoded &&
+	grep "<BOLD;GREEN>success<RESET>:" decoded
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fallback to color.ui' '
+	git --git-dir child/.git -c color.ui=always push -f origin HEAD:refs/heads/fallback-color-ui 2>output &&
+	test_decode_color <output >decoded &&
+	grep "<BOLD;RED>error<RESET>: error" decoded
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh b/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
index 692d71738b..1b5a4a6d38 100755
--- a/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
+++ b/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ test_description='Testing multi_ack pack fetching'
 add () {
 	name=$1 &&
 	text="$@" &&
-	branch=`echo $name | sed -e 's/^\(.\).*$/\1/'` &&
+	branch=$(echo $name | sed -e 's/^\(.\).*$/\1/') &&
 	parents="" &&
 
 	shift &&
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ add () {
 	test_tick &&
 	commit=$(echo "$text" | git commit-tree $tree $parents) &&
 	eval "$name=$commit; export $name" &&
-	echo $commit > .git/refs/heads/$branch &&
+	git update-ref "refs/heads/$branch" "$commit" &&
 	eval ${branch}TIP=$commit
 }
 
@@ -45,23 +45,23 @@ pull_to_client () {
 
 			case "$heads" in
 			    *A*)
-				    echo $ATIP > .git/refs/heads/A;;
+				    git update-ref refs/heads/A "$ATIP";;
 			esac &&
 			case "$heads" in *B*)
-			    echo $BTIP > .git/refs/heads/B;;
+			    git update-ref refs/heads/B "$BTIP";;
 			esac &&
-			git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/`echo $heads \
-				| sed -e "s/^\(.\).*$/\1/"` &&
+			git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/$(echo $heads \
+				| sed -e "s/^\(.\).*$/\1/") &&
 
 			git fsck --full &&
 
 			mv .git/objects/pack/pack-* . &&
-			p=`ls -1 pack-*.pack` &&
+			p=$(ls -1 pack-*.pack) &&
 			git unpack-objects <$p &&
 			git fsck --full &&
 
-			idx=`echo pack-*.idx` &&
-			pack_count=`git show-index <$idx | wc -l` &&
+			idx=$(echo pack-*.idx) &&
+			pack_count=$(git show-index <$idx | wc -l) &&
 			test $pack_count = $count &&
 			rm -f pack-*
 		)
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 		cur=$(($cur+1))
 	done &&
 	add B1 $A1 &&
-	echo $ATIP > .git/refs/heads/A &&
-	echo $BTIP > .git/refs/heads/B &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/A "$ATIP" &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/B "$BTIP" &&
 	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/B
 '
 
@@ -132,13 +132,13 @@ test_expect_success 'single given branch clone' '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow depth 1' '
 	git clone --no-single-branch --depth 1 "file://$(pwd)/." shallow0 &&
-	test "`git --git-dir=shallow0/.git rev-list --count HEAD`" = 1
+	test "$(git --git-dir=shallow0/.git rev-list --count HEAD)" = 1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow depth 1 with fsck' '
 	git config --global fetch.fsckobjects true &&
 	git clone --no-single-branch --depth 1 "file://$(pwd)/." shallow0fsck &&
-	test "`git --git-dir=shallow0fsck/.git rev-list --count HEAD`" = 1 &&
+	test "$(git --git-dir=shallow0fsck/.git rev-list --count HEAD)" = 1 &&
 	git config --global --unset fetch.fsckobjects
 '
 
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ test_expect_success 'clone shallow' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow depth count' '
-	test "`git --git-dir=shallow/.git rev-list --count HEAD`" = 2
+	test "$(git --git-dir=shallow/.git rev-list --count HEAD)" = 2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count (part 2)' '
 	sed -e "/^in-pack:/d" -e "/^packs:/d" -e "/^size-pack:/d" \
 	    -e "/: 0$/d" count.shallow > count_output &&
-	! test -s count_output
+	test_must_be_empty count_output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fsck in shallow repo' '
@@ -259,7 +259,8 @@ test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
 test_expect_success 'pull in shallow repo with missing merge base' '
 	(
 		cd shallow &&
-		test_must_fail git pull --depth 4 .. A
+		git fetch --depth 4 .. A &&
+		test_must_fail git merge --allow-unrelated-histories FETCH_HEAD
 	)
 '
 
@@ -273,15 +274,16 @@ test_expect_success 'additional simple shallow deepenings' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow depth count' '
-	test "`git --git-dir=shallow/.git rev-list --count HEAD`" = 11
+	test "$(git --git-dir=shallow/.git rev-list --count HEAD)" = 11
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
 	(
 		cd shallow &&
+		git prune &&
 		git count-objects -v
 	) > count.shallow &&
-	grep "^count: 55" count.shallow
+	grep "^count: 54" count.shallow
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fetch --no-shallow on full repo' '
@@ -401,7 +403,7 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch creating new shallow root' '
 		git fetch --depth=1 --progress 2>actual &&
 		# This should fetch only the empty commit, no tree or
 		# blob objects
-		grep "remote: Total 1" actual
+		test_i18ngrep "remote: Total 1" actual
 	)
 '
 
@@ -480,25 +482,25 @@ test_expect_success 'set up tests of missing reference' '
 test_expect_success 'test lonely missing ref' '
 	(
 		cd client &&
-		test_must_fail git fetch-pack --no-progress .. refs/heads/xyzzy
-	) >/dev/null 2>error-m &&
-	test_cmp expect-error error-m
+		test_must_fail git fetch-pack --no-progress .. refs/heads/xyzzy 2>../error-m
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect-error error-m
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'test missing ref after existing' '
 	(
 		cd client &&
-		test_must_fail git fetch-pack --no-progress .. refs/heads/A refs/heads/xyzzy
-	) >/dev/null 2>error-em &&
-	test_cmp expect-error error-em
+		test_must_fail git fetch-pack --no-progress .. refs/heads/A refs/heads/xyzzy 2>../error-em
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect-error error-em
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'test missing ref before existing' '
 	(
 		cd client &&
-		test_must_fail git fetch-pack --no-progress .. refs/heads/xyzzy refs/heads/A
-	) >/dev/null 2>error-me &&
-	test_cmp expect-error error-me
+		test_must_fail git fetch-pack --no-progress .. refs/heads/xyzzy refs/heads/A 2>../error-me
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect-error error-me
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'test --all, --depth, and explicit head' '
@@ -516,6 +518,54 @@ test_expect_success 'test --all, --depth, and explicit tag' '
 	) >out-adt 2>error-adt
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'test --all with tag to non-tip' '
+	git commit --allow-empty -m non-tip &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m tip &&
+	git tag -m "annotated" non-tip HEAD^ &&
+	(
+		cd client &&
+		git fetch-pack --all ..
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --all wrt tag to non-commits' '
+	# create tag-to-{blob,tree,commit,tag}, making sure all tagged objects
+	# are reachable only via created tag references.
+	blob=$(echo "hello blob" | git hash-object -t blob -w --stdin) &&
+	git tag -a -m "tag -> blob" tag-to-blob $blob &&
+
+	tree=$(printf "100644 blob $blob\tfile" | git mktree) &&
+	git tag -a -m "tag -> tree" tag-to-tree $tree &&
+
+	tree2=$(printf "100644 blob $blob\tfile2" | git mktree) &&
+	commit=$(git commit-tree -m "hello commit" $tree) &&
+	git tag -a -m "tag -> commit" tag-to-commit $commit &&
+
+	blob2=$(echo "hello blob2" | git hash-object -t blob -w --stdin) &&
+	tag=$(git mktag <<-EOF
+		object $blob2
+		type blob
+		tag tag-to-blob2
+		tagger author A U Thor <author@example.com> 0 +0000
+
+		hello tag
+	EOF
+	) &&
+	git tag -a -m "tag -> tag" tag-to-tag $tag &&
+
+	# `fetch-pack --all` should succeed fetching all those objects.
+	mkdir fetchall &&
+	(
+		cd fetchall &&
+		git init &&
+		git fetch-pack --all .. &&
+		git cat-file blob $blob >/dev/null &&
+		git cat-file tree $tree >/dev/null &&
+		git cat-file commit $commit >/dev/null &&
+		git cat-file tag $tag >/dev/null
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'shallow fetch with tags does not break the repository' '
 	mkdir repo1 &&
 	(
@@ -531,6 +581,55 @@ test_expect_success 'shallow fetch with tags does not break the repository' '
 		git fsck
 	)
 '
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch-pack can fetch a raw sha1' '
+	git init hidden &&
+	(
+		cd hidden &&
+		test_commit 1 &&
+		test_commit 2 &&
+		git update-ref refs/hidden/one HEAD^ &&
+		git config transfer.hiderefs refs/hidden &&
+		git config uploadpack.allowtipsha1inwant true
+	) &&
+	git fetch-pack hidden $(git -C hidden rev-parse refs/hidden/one)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch-pack can fetch a raw sha1 that is advertised as a ref' '
+	rm -rf server client &&
+	git init server &&
+	test_commit -C server 1 &&
+
+	git init client &&
+	git -C client fetch-pack ../server \
+		$(git -C server rev-parse refs/heads/master)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch-pack can fetch a raw sha1 overlapping a named ref' '
+	rm -rf server client &&
+	git init server &&
+	test_commit -C server 1 &&
+	test_commit -C server 2 &&
+
+	git init client &&
+	git -C client fetch-pack ../server \
+		$(git -C server rev-parse refs/tags/1) refs/tags/1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch-pack cannot fetch a raw sha1 that is not advertised as a ref' '
+	rm -rf server &&
+
+	git init server &&
+	test_commit -C server 5 &&
+	git -C server tag -d 5 &&
+	test_commit -C server 6 &&
+
+	git init client &&
+	test_must_fail git -C client fetch-pack ../server \
+		$(git -C server rev-parse refs/heads/master^) 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Server does not allow request for unadvertised object" err
+'
+
 check_prot_path () {
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 	Diag: url=$1
@@ -542,7 +641,6 @@ check_prot_path () {
 }
 
 check_prot_host_port_path () {
-	local diagport
 	case "$2" in
 		*ssh*)
 		pp=ssh
@@ -576,13 +674,16 @@ do
 	do
 		for h in host user@host user@[::1] user@::1
 		do
-			test_expect_success "fetch-pack --diag-url $p://$h/$r" '
-				check_prot_host_port_path $p://$h/$r $p "$h" NONE "/$r"
-			'
-			# "/~" -> "~" conversion
-			test_expect_success "fetch-pack --diag-url $p://$h/~$r" '
-				check_prot_host_port_path $p://$h/~$r $p "$h" NONE "~$r"
-			'
+			for c in "" :
+			do
+				test_expect_success "fetch-pack --diag-url $p://$h$c/$r" '
+					check_prot_host_port_path $p://$h/$r $p "$h" NONE "/$r"
+				'
+				# "/~" -> "~" conversion
+				test_expect_success "fetch-pack --diag-url $p://$h$c/~$r" '
+					check_prot_host_port_path $p://$h/~$r $p "$h" NONE "~$r"
+				'
+			done
 		done
 		for h in host User@host User@[::1]
 		do
@@ -634,4 +735,179 @@ test_expect_success MINGW 'fetch-pack --diag-url c:repo' '
 	check_prot_path c:repo file c:repo
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow since ...' '
+	test_create_repo shallow-since &&
+	(
+	cd shallow-since &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="100000000 +0700" git commit --allow-empty -m one &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="200000000 +0700" git commit --allow-empty -m two &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="300000000 +0700" git commit --allow-empty -m three &&
+	git clone --shallow-since "300000000 +0700" "file://$(pwd)/." ../shallow11 &&
+	git -C ../shallow11 log --pretty=tformat:%s HEAD >actual &&
+	echo three >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch shallow since ...' '
+	git -C shallow11 fetch --shallow-since "200000000 +0700" origin &&
+	git -C shallow11 log --pretty=tformat:%s origin/master >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	three
+	two
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow since selects no commits' '
+	test_create_repo shallow-since-the-future &&
+	(
+	cd shallow-since-the-future &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="100000000 +0700" git commit --allow-empty -m one &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="200000000 +0700" git commit --allow-empty -m two &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="300000000 +0700" git commit --allow-empty -m three &&
+	test_must_fail git clone --shallow-since "900000000 +0700" "file://$(pwd)/." ../shallow111
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'shallow clone exclude tag two' '
+	test_create_repo shallow-exclude &&
+	(
+	cd shallow-exclude &&
+	test_commit one &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	test_commit three &&
+	git clone --shallow-exclude two "file://$(pwd)/." ../shallow12 &&
+	git -C ../shallow12 log --pretty=tformat:%s HEAD >actual &&
+	echo three >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch exclude tag one' '
+	git -C shallow12 fetch --shallow-exclude one origin &&
+	git -C shallow12 log --pretty=tformat:%s origin/master >actual &&
+	test_write_lines three two >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetching deepen' '
+	test_create_repo shallow-deepen &&
+	(
+	cd shallow-deepen &&
+	test_commit one &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	test_commit three &&
+	git clone --depth 1 "file://$(pwd)/." deepen &&
+	test_commit four &&
+	git -C deepen log --pretty=tformat:%s master >actual &&
+	echo three >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	git -C deepen fetch --deepen=1 &&
+	git -C deepen log --pretty=tformat:%s origin/master >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	four
+	three
+	two
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use ref advertisement to prune "have" lines sent' '
+	rm -rf server client &&
+	git init server &&
+	test_commit -C server both_have_1 &&
+	git -C server tag -d both_have_1 &&
+	test_commit -C server both_have_2 &&
+
+	git clone server client &&
+	test_commit -C server server_has &&
+	test_commit -C client client_has &&
+
+	# In both protocol v0 and v2, ensure that the parent of both_have_2 is
+	# not sent as a "have" line. The client should know that the server has
+	# both_have_2, so it only needs to inform the server that it has
+	# both_have_2, and the server can infer the rest.
+
+	rm -f trace &&
+	cp -r client clientv0 &&
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/trace" git -C clientv0 \
+		fetch origin server_has both_have_2 &&
+	grep "have $(git -C client rev-parse client_has)" trace &&
+	grep "have $(git -C client rev-parse both_have_2)" trace &&
+	! grep "have $(git -C client rev-parse both_have_2^)" trace &&
+
+	rm -f trace &&
+	cp -r client clientv2 &&
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/trace" git -C clientv2 -c protocol.version=2 \
+		fetch origin server_has both_have_2 &&
+	grep "have $(git -C client rev-parse client_has)" trace &&
+	grep "have $(git -C client rev-parse both_have_2)" trace &&
+	! grep "have $(git -C client rev-parse both_have_2^)" trace
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'filtering by size' '
+	rm -rf server client &&
+	test_create_repo server &&
+	test_commit -C server one &&
+	test_config -C server uploadpack.allowfilter 1 &&
+
+	test_create_repo client &&
+	git -C client fetch-pack --filter=blob:limit=0 ../server HEAD &&
+
+	# Ensure that object is not inadvertently fetched
+	test_must_fail git -C client cat-file -e $(git hash-object server/one.t)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'filtering by size has no effect if support for it is not advertised' '
+	rm -rf server client &&
+	test_create_repo server &&
+	test_commit -C server one &&
+
+	test_create_repo client &&
+	git -C client fetch-pack --filter=blob:limit=0 ../server HEAD 2> err &&
+
+	# Ensure that object is fetched
+	git -C client cat-file -e $(git hash-object server/one.t) &&
+
+	test_i18ngrep "filtering not recognized by server" err
+'
+
+fetch_filter_blob_limit_zero () {
+	SERVER="$1"
+	URL="$2"
+
+	rm -rf "$SERVER" client &&
+	test_create_repo "$SERVER" &&
+	test_commit -C "$SERVER" one &&
+	test_config -C "$SERVER" uploadpack.allowfilter 1 &&
+
+	git clone "$URL" client &&
+	test_config -C client extensions.partialclone origin &&
+
+	test_commit -C "$SERVER" two &&
+
+	git -C client fetch --filter=blob:limit=0 origin HEAD:somewhere &&
+
+	# Ensure that commit is fetched, but blob is not
+	test_config -C client extensions.partialclone "arbitrary string" &&
+	git -C client cat-file -e $(git -C "$SERVER" rev-parse two) &&
+	test_must_fail git -C client cat-file -e $(git hash-object "$SERVER/two.t")
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with --filter=blob:limit=0' '
+	fetch_filter_blob_limit_zero server server
+'
+
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+start_httpd
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with --filter=blob:limit=0 and HTTP' '
+	fetch_filter_blob_limit_zero "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/server" "$HTTPD_URL/smart/server"
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5504-fetch-receive-strict.sh b/t/t5504-fetch-receive-strict.sh
index 69ee13c8be..62f3569891 100755
--- a/t/t5504-fetch-receive-strict.sh
+++ b/t/t5504-fetch-receive-strict.sh
@@ -3,13 +3,16 @@
 test_description='fetch/receive strict mode'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_expect_success setup '
+test_expect_success 'setup and inject "corrupt or missing" object' '
 	echo hello >greetings &&
 	git add greetings &&
 	git commit -m greetings &&
 
 	S=$(git rev-parse :greetings | sed -e "s|^..|&/|") &&
 	X=$(echo bye | git hash-object -w --stdin | sed -e "s|^..|&/|") &&
+	echo $S >S &&
+	echo $X >X &&
+	cp .git/objects/$S .git/objects/$S.back &&
 	mv -f .git/objects/$X .git/objects/$S &&
 
 	test_must_fail git fsck
@@ -115,4 +118,170 @@ test_expect_success 'push with transfer.fsckobjects' '
 	test_cmp exp act
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'repair the "corrupt or missing" object' '
+	mv -f .git/objects/$(cat S) .git/objects/$(cat X) &&
+	mv .git/objects/$(cat S).back .git/objects/$(cat S) &&
+	rm -rf .git/objects/$(cat X) &&
+	git fsck
+'
+
+cat >bogus-commit <<EOF
+tree $EMPTY_TREE
+author Bugs Bunny 1234567890 +0000
+committer Bugs Bunny <bugs@bun.ni> 1234567890 +0000
+
+This commit object intentionally broken
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck with invalid or bogus skipList input' '
+	git -c fsck.skipList=/dev/null -c fsck.missingEmail=ignore fsck &&
+	test_must_fail git -c fsck.skipList=does-not-exist -c fsck.missingEmail=ignore fsck 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Could not open skip list: does-not-exist" err &&
+	test_must_fail git -c fsck.skipList=.git/config -c fsck.missingEmail=ignore fsck 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Invalid SHA-1: \[core\]" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with receive.fsck.skipList' '
+	commit="$(git hash-object -t commit -w --stdin <bogus-commit)" &&
+	git push . $commit:refs/heads/bogus &&
+	rm -rf dst &&
+	git init dst &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config receive.fsckObjects true &&
+	test_must_fail git push --porcelain dst bogus &&
+	echo $commit >dst/.git/SKIP &&
+
+	# receive.fsck.* does not fall back on fsck.*
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config fsck.skipList SKIP &&
+	test_must_fail git push --porcelain dst bogus &&
+
+	# Invalid and/or bogus skipList input
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config receive.fsck.skipList /dev/null &&
+	test_must_fail git push --porcelain dst bogus &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config receive.fsck.skipList does-not-exist &&
+	test_must_fail git push --porcelain dst bogus 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Could not open skip list: does-not-exist" err &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config receive.fsck.skipList config &&
+	test_must_fail git push --porcelain dst bogus 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Invalid SHA-1: \[core\]" err &&
+
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config receive.fsck.skipList SKIP &&
+	git push --porcelain dst bogus
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with fetch.fsck.skipList' '
+	commit="$(git hash-object -t commit -w --stdin <bogus-commit)" &&
+	refspec=refs/heads/bogus:refs/heads/bogus &&
+	git push . $commit:refs/heads/bogus &&
+	rm -rf dst &&
+	git init dst &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config fetch.fsckObjects true &&
+	test_must_fail git --git-dir=dst/.git fetch "file://$(pwd)" $refspec &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config fetch.fsck.skipList /dev/null &&
+	test_must_fail git --git-dir=dst/.git fetch "file://$(pwd)" $refspec &&
+	echo $commit >dst/.git/SKIP &&
+
+	# fetch.fsck.* does not fall back on fsck.*
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config fsck.skipList dst/.git/SKIP &&
+	test_must_fail git --git-dir=dst/.git fetch "file://$(pwd)" $refspec &&
+
+	# Invalid and/or bogus skipList input
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config fetch.fsck.skipList /dev/null &&
+	test_must_fail git --git-dir=dst/.git fetch "file://$(pwd)" $refspec &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config fetch.fsck.skipList does-not-exist &&
+	test_must_fail git --git-dir=dst/.git fetch "file://$(pwd)" $refspec 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Could not open skip list: does-not-exist" err &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config fetch.fsck.skipList dst/.git/config &&
+	test_must_fail git --git-dir=dst/.git fetch "file://$(pwd)" $refspec 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Invalid SHA-1: \[core\]" err &&
+
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config fetch.fsck.skipList dst/.git/SKIP &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git fetch "file://$(pwd)" $refspec
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck.<unknownmsg-id> dies' '
+	test_must_fail git -c fsck.whatEver=ignore fsck 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Unhandled message id: whatever" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with receive.fsck.missingEmail=warn' '
+	commit="$(git hash-object -t commit -w --stdin <bogus-commit)" &&
+	git push . $commit:refs/heads/bogus &&
+	rm -rf dst &&
+	git init dst &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config receive.fsckobjects true &&
+	test_must_fail git push --porcelain dst bogus &&
+
+	# receive.fsck.<msg-id> does not fall back on fsck.<msg-id>
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config fsck.missingEmail warn &&
+	test_must_fail git push --porcelain dst bogus &&
+
+	# receive.fsck.<unknownmsg-id> warns
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config \
+		receive.fsck.whatEver error &&
+
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config \
+		receive.fsck.missingEmail warn &&
+	git push --porcelain dst bogus >act 2>&1 &&
+	grep "missingEmail" act &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Skipping unknown msg id.*whatever" act &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git branch -D bogus &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config --add \
+		receive.fsck.missingEmail ignore &&
+	git push --porcelain dst bogus >act 2>&1 &&
+	! grep "missingEmail" act
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with fetch.fsck.missingEmail=warn' '
+	commit="$(git hash-object -t commit -w --stdin <bogus-commit)" &&
+	refspec=refs/heads/bogus:refs/heads/bogus &&
+	git push . $commit:refs/heads/bogus &&
+	rm -rf dst &&
+	git init dst &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config fetch.fsckobjects true &&
+	test_must_fail git --git-dir=dst/.git fetch "file://$(pwd)" $refspec &&
+
+	# fetch.fsck.<msg-id> does not fall back on fsck.<msg-id>
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config fsck.missingEmail warn &&
+	test_must_fail git --git-dir=dst/.git fetch "file://$(pwd)" $refspec &&
+
+	# receive.fsck.<unknownmsg-id> warns
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config \
+		fetch.fsck.whatEver error &&
+
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config \
+		fetch.fsck.missingEmail warn &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git fetch "file://$(pwd)" $refspec >act 2>&1 &&
+	grep "missingEmail" act &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Skipping unknown msg id.*whatever" act &&
+	rm -rf dst &&
+	git init dst &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config fetch.fsckobjects true &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config \
+		fetch.fsck.missingEmail ignore &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git fetch "file://$(pwd)" $refspec >act 2>&1 &&
+	! grep "missingEmail" act
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'receive.fsck.unterminatedHeader=warn triggers error' '
+	rm -rf dst &&
+	git init dst &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config receive.fsckobjects true &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config \
+		receive.fsck.unterminatedheader warn &&
+	test_must_fail git push --porcelain dst HEAD >act 2>&1 &&
+	grep "Cannot demote unterminatedheader" act
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'fetch.fsck.unterminatedHeader=warn triggers error' '
+	rm -rf dst &&
+	git init dst &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config fetch.fsckobjects true &&
+	git --git-dir=dst/.git config \
+		fetch.fsck.unterminatedheader warn &&
+	test_must_fail git --git-dir=dst/.git fetch "file://$(pwd)" HEAD &&
+	grep "Cannot demote unterminatedheader" act
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5505-remote.sh b/t/t5505-remote.sh
index 17c6330f98..241e6a319d 100755
--- a/t/t5505-remote.sh
+++ b/t/t5505-remote.sh
@@ -51,6 +51,11 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git clone one test
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'add remote whose URL agrees with url.<...>.insteadOf' '
+	test_config url.git@host.com:team/repo.git.insteadOf myremote &&
+	git remote add myremote git@host.com:team/repo.git
+'
+
 test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'remote information for the origin' '
 	(
 		cd test &&
@@ -69,8 +74,7 @@ test_expect_success 'add another remote' '
 		git for-each-ref "--format=%(refname)" refs/remotes |
 		sed -e "/^refs\/remotes\/origin\//d" \
 		    -e "/^refs\/remotes\/second\//d" >actual &&
-		>expect &&
-		test_cmp expect actual
+		test_must_be_empty actual
 	)
 '
 
@@ -85,7 +89,7 @@ test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'check remote-tracking' '
 test_expect_success 'remote forces tracking branches' '
 	(
 		cd test &&
-		case `git config remote.second.fetch` in
+		case $(git config remote.second.fetch) in
 		+*) true ;;
 		 *) false ;;
 		esac
@@ -107,8 +111,7 @@ test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'remove remote' '
 		check_remote_track origin master side &&
 		git for-each-ref "--format=%(refname)" refs/remotes |
 		sed -e "/^refs\/remotes\/origin\//d" >actual &&
-		>expect &&
-		test_cmp expect actual
+		test_must_be_empty actual
 	)
 '
 
@@ -139,6 +142,58 @@ test_expect_success 'remove remote protects local branches' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'remove errors out early when deleting non-existent branch' '
+	(
+		cd test &&
+		echo "fatal: No such remote: foo" >expect &&
+		test_must_fail git remote rm foo 2>actual &&
+		test_i18ncmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove remote with a branch without configured merge' '
+	test_when_finished "(
+		git -C test checkout master;
+		git -C test branch -D two;
+		git -C test config --remove-section remote.two;
+		git -C test config --remove-section branch.second;
+		true
+	)" &&
+	(
+		cd test &&
+		git remote add two ../two &&
+		git fetch two &&
+		git checkout -b second two/master^0 &&
+		git config branch.second.remote two &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		git remote rm two
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rename errors out early when deleting non-existent branch' '
+	(
+		cd test &&
+		echo "fatal: No such remote: foo" >expect &&
+		test_must_fail git remote rename foo bar 2>actual &&
+		test_i18ncmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add existing foreign_vcs remote' '
+	test_config remote.foo.vcs bar &&
+	echo "fatal: remote foo already exists." >expect &&
+	test_must_fail git remote add foo bar 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add existing foreign_vcs remote' '
+	test_config remote.foo.vcs bar &&
+	test_config remote.bar.vcs bar &&
+	echo "fatal: remote bar already exists." >expect &&
+	test_must_fail git remote rename foo bar 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
 cat >test/expect <<EOF
 * remote origin
   Fetch URL: $(pwd)/one
@@ -291,17 +346,13 @@ URL: $(pwd)/one
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'prune --dry-run' '
-	(
-		cd one &&
-		git branch -m side2 side) &&
+	git -C one branch -m side2 side &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C one branch -m side side2" &&
 	(
 		cd test &&
 		git remote prune --dry-run origin >output &&
 		git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/side2 &&
 		test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/side &&
-	(
-		cd ../one &&
-		git branch -m side side2) &&
 		test_i18ncmp expect output
 	)
 '
@@ -579,7 +630,7 @@ test_expect_success 'update with arguments' '
 		cd one &&
 		for b in $(git branch -r)
 		do
-		git branch -r -d $b || break
+		git branch -r -d $b || exit 1
 		done &&
 		git remote add manduca ../mirror &&
 		git remote add megaloprepus ../mirror &&
@@ -622,7 +673,7 @@ test_expect_success 'update default' '
 		cd one &&
 		for b in $(git branch -r)
 		do
-		git branch -r -d $b || break
+		git branch -r -d $b || exit 1
 		done &&
 		git config remote.drosophila.skipDefaultUpdate true &&
 		git remote update default &&
@@ -642,7 +693,7 @@ test_expect_success 'update default (overridden, with funny whitespace)' '
 		cd one &&
 		for b in $(git branch -r)
 		do
-		git branch -r -d $b || break
+		git branch -r -d $b || exit 1
 		done &&
 		git config remotes.default "$(printf "\t drosophila  \n")" &&
 		git remote update default &&
@@ -656,7 +707,7 @@ test_expect_success 'update (with remotes.default defined)' '
 		cd one &&
 		for b in $(git branch -r)
 		do
-		git branch -r -d $b || break
+		git branch -r -d $b || exit 1
 		done &&
 		git config remotes.default "drosophila" &&
 		git remote update &&
@@ -687,7 +738,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rename a remote' '
 	(
 		cd four &&
 		git remote rename origin upstream &&
-		rmdir .git/refs/remotes/origin &&
+		test -z "$(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin)" &&
 		test "$(git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/upstream/HEAD)" = "refs/remotes/upstream/master" &&
 		test "$(git rev-parse upstream/master)" = "$(git rev-parse master)" &&
 		test "$(git config remote.upstream.fetch)" = "+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/upstream/*" &&
@@ -726,6 +777,13 @@ test_expect_success 'rename a remote with name prefix of other remote' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rename succeeds with existing remote.<target>.prune' '
+	git clone one four.four &&
+	test_when_finished git config --global --unset remote.upstream.prune &&
+	git config --global remote.upstream.prune true &&
+	git -C four.four remote rename origin upstream
+'
+
 cat >remotes_origin <<EOF
 URL: $(pwd)/one
 Push: refs/heads/master:refs/heads/upstream
@@ -784,7 +842,7 @@ test_expect_success 'migrate a remote from named file in $GIT_DIR/branches (2)'
 		git remote rename origin origin &&
 		test_path_is_missing .git/branches/origin &&
 		test "$(git config remote.origin.url)" = "quux" &&
-		test "$(git config remote.origin.fetch)" = "refs/heads/foom:refs/heads/origin"
+		test "$(git config remote.origin.fetch)" = "refs/heads/foom:refs/heads/origin" &&
 		test "$(git config remote.origin.push)" = "HEAD:refs/heads/foom"
 	)
 '
@@ -812,7 +870,7 @@ test_expect_success 'remote prune to cause a dangling symref' '
 		cd eight &&
 		test_must_fail git branch nomore origin
 	) 2>err &&
-	grep "dangling symref" err
+	test_i18ngrep "dangling symref" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'show empty remote' '
@@ -919,6 +977,28 @@ test_expect_success 'new remote' '
 	cmp expect actual
 '
 
+get_url_test () {
+	cat >expect &&
+	git remote get-url "$@" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'get-url on new remote' '
+	echo foo | get_url_test someremote &&
+	echo foo | get_url_test --all someremote &&
+	echo foo | get_url_test --push someremote &&
+	echo foo | get_url_test --push --all someremote
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remote set-url with locked config' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/config.lock" &&
+	git config --get-all remote.someremote.url >expect &&
+	>.git/config.lock &&
+	test_must_fail git remote set-url someremote baz &&
+	git config --get-all remote.someremote.url >actual &&
+	cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'remote set-url bar' '
 	git remote set-url someremote bar &&
 	echo bar >expect &&
@@ -961,6 +1041,13 @@ test_expect_success 'remote set-url --push zot' '
 	cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'get-url with different urls' '
+	echo baz | get_url_test someremote &&
+	echo baz | get_url_test --all someremote &&
+	echo zot | get_url_test --push someremote &&
+	echo zot | get_url_test --push --all someremote
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'remote set-url --push qux zot' '
 	git remote set-url --push someremote qux zot &&
 	echo qux >expect &&
@@ -995,6 +1082,14 @@ test_expect_success 'remote set-url --push --add aaa' '
 	cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'get-url on multi push remote' '
+	echo foo | get_url_test --push someremote &&
+	get_url_test --push --all someremote <<-\EOF
+	foo
+	aaa
+	EOF
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'remote set-url --push bar aaa' '
 	git remote set-url --push someremote bar aaa &&
 	echo foo >expect &&
@@ -1039,6 +1134,14 @@ test_expect_success 'remote set-url --add bbb' '
 	cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'get-url on multi fetch remote' '
+	echo baz | get_url_test someremote &&
+	get_url_test --all someremote <<-\EOF
+	baz
+	bbb
+	EOF
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'remote set-url --delete .*' '
 	test_must_fail git remote set-url --delete someremote .\* &&
 	echo "YYY" >expect &&
@@ -1099,7 +1202,7 @@ test_expect_success 'extra args: setup' '
 test_extra_arg () {
 	test_expect_success "extra args: $*" "
 		test_must_fail git remote $* bogus_extra_arg 2>actual &&
-		grep '^usage:' actual
+		test_i18ngrep '^usage:' actual
 	"
 }
 
@@ -1108,6 +1211,7 @@ test_extra_arg rename origin newname
 test_extra_arg remove origin
 test_extra_arg set-head origin master
 # set-branches takes any number of args
+test_extra_arg get-url origin newurl
 test_extra_arg set-url origin newurl oldurl
 # show takes any number of args
 # prune takes any number of args
diff --git a/t/t5506-remote-groups.sh b/t/t5506-remote-groups.sh
index 530b01678e..83d5558c0e 100755
--- a/t/t5506-remote-groups.sh
+++ b/t/t5506-remote-groups.sh
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ update_repos() {
 }
 
 repo_fetched() {
-	if test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s $1 --`" = "`cat mark`"; then
+	if test "$(git log -1 --pretty=format:%s $1 --)" = "$(cat mark)"; then
 		echo >&2 "repo was fetched: $1"
 		return 0
 	fi
diff --git a/t/t5507-remote-environment.sh b/t/t5507-remote-environment.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e6149295b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5507-remote-environment.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='check environment showed to remote side of transports'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'set up "remote" push situation' '
+	test_commit one &&
+	git config push.default current &&
+	git init remote
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up fake ssh' '
+	GIT_SSH_COMMAND="f() {
+		cd \"\$TRASH_DIRECTORY\" &&
+		eval \"\$2\"
+	}; f" &&
+	export GIT_SSH_COMMAND &&
+	export TRASH_DIRECTORY
+'
+
+# due to receive.denyCurrentBranch=true
+test_expect_success 'confirm default push fails' '
+	test_must_fail git push remote
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'config does not travel over same-machine push' '
+	test_must_fail git -c receive.denyCurrentBranch=false push remote
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'config does not travel over ssh push' '
+	test_must_fail git -c receive.denyCurrentBranch=false push host:remote
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5509-fetch-push-namespaces.sh b/t/t5509-fetch-push-namespaces.sh
index cc0b31f6b0..c88df78c0b 100755
--- a/t/t5509-fetch-push-namespaces.sh
+++ b/t/t5509-fetch-push-namespaces.sh
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ test_description='fetch/push involving ref namespaces'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
+	git config --global protocol.ext.allow user &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git init original &&
 	(
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ test_expect_success 'pushing into a repository using a ref namespace' '
 		test_cmp expected actual &&
 		# Try a namespace with no content
 		git ls-remote "ext::git --namespace=garbage %s ../pushee" >actual &&
-		test_cmp /dev/null actual &&
+		test_must_be_empty actual &&
 		git ls-remote pushee-unnamespaced >actual &&
 		sed -e "s|refs/|refs/namespaces/namespace/refs/|" expected >expected.unnamespaced &&
 		test_cmp expected.unnamespaced actual
@@ -82,4 +83,45 @@ test_expect_success 'mirroring a repository using a ref namespace' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'hide namespaced refs with transfer.hideRefs' '
+	GIT_NAMESPACE=namespace \
+		git -C pushee -c transfer.hideRefs=refs/tags \
+		ls-remote "ext::git %s ." >actual &&
+	printf "$commit1\trefs/heads/master\n" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check that transfer.hideRefs does not match unstripped refs' '
+	GIT_NAMESPACE=namespace \
+		git -C pushee -c transfer.hideRefs=refs/namespaces/namespace/refs/tags \
+		ls-remote "ext::git %s ." >actual &&
+	printf "$commit1\trefs/heads/master\n" >expected &&
+	printf "$commit0\trefs/tags/0\n" >>expected &&
+	printf "$commit1\trefs/tags/1\n" >>expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hide full refs with transfer.hideRefs' '
+	GIT_NAMESPACE=namespace \
+		git -C pushee -c transfer.hideRefs="^refs/namespaces/namespace/refs/tags" \
+		ls-remote "ext::git %s ." >actual &&
+	printf "$commit1\trefs/heads/master\n" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'try to update a hidden ref' '
+	test_config -C pushee transfer.hideRefs refs/heads/master &&
+	test_must_fail git -C original push pushee-namespaced master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'try to update a ref that is not hidden' '
+	test_config -C pushee transfer.hideRefs refs/namespaces/namespace/refs/heads/master &&
+	git -C original push pushee-namespaced master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'try to update a hidden full ref' '
+	test_config -C pushee transfer.hideRefs "^refs/namespaces/namespace/refs/heads/master" &&
+	test_must_fail git -C original push pushee-namespaced master
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5510-fetch.sh b/t/t5510-fetch.sh
index 0ba9db0884..3b7b30568c 100755
--- a/t/t5510-fetch.sh
+++ b/t/t5510-fetch.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ test_description='Per branch config variables affects "git fetch".
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-D=`pwd`
+D=$(pwd)
 
 test_bundle_object_count () {
 	git verify-pack -v "$1" >verify.out &&
@@ -63,9 +63,9 @@ test_expect_success "fetch test" '
 	git commit -a -m "updated by origin" &&
 	cd two &&
 	git fetch &&
-	test -f .git/refs/heads/one &&
-	mine=`git rev-parse refs/heads/one` &&
-	his=`cd ../one && git rev-parse refs/heads/master` &&
+	git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/one &&
+	mine=$(git rev-parse refs/heads/one) &&
+	his=$(cd ../one && git rev-parse refs/heads/master) &&
 	test "z$mine" = "z$his"
 '
 
@@ -73,10 +73,10 @@ test_expect_success "fetch test for-merge" '
 	cd "$D" &&
 	cd three &&
 	git fetch &&
-	test -f .git/refs/heads/two &&
-	test -f .git/refs/heads/one &&
-	master_in_two=`cd ../two && git rev-parse master` &&
-	one_in_two=`cd ../two && git rev-parse one` &&
+	git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/two &&
+	git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/one &&
+	master_in_two=$(cd ../two && git rev-parse master) &&
+	one_in_two=$(cd ../two && git rev-parse one) &&
 	{
 		echo "$one_in_two	"
 		echo "$master_in_two	not-for-merge"
@@ -222,12 +222,9 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch uses remote ref names to describe new refs' '
 	(
 		cd descriptive &&
 		git fetch o 2>actual &&
-		grep " -> refs/crazyheads/descriptive-branch$" actual |
-		test_i18ngrep "new branch" &&
-		grep " -> descriptive-tag$" actual |
-		test_i18ngrep "new tag" &&
-		grep " -> crazy$" actual |
-		test_i18ngrep "new ref"
+		test_i18ngrep "new branch.* -> refs/crazyheads/descriptive-branch$" actual &&
+		test_i18ngrep "new tag.* -> descriptive-tag$" actual &&
+		test_i18ngrep "new ref.* -> crazy$" actual
 	) &&
 	git checkout master
 '
@@ -314,42 +311,6 @@ test_expect_success 'bundle should be able to create a full history' '
 
 '
 
-! rsync --help > /dev/null 2> /dev/null &&
-say 'Skipping rsync tests because rsync was not found' || {
-test_expect_success 'fetch via rsync' '
-	git pack-refs &&
-	mkdir rsynced &&
-	(cd rsynced &&
-	 git init --bare &&
-	 git fetch "rsync:../.git" master:refs/heads/master &&
-	 git gc --prune &&
-	 test $(git rev-parse master) = $(cd .. && git rev-parse master) &&
-	 git fsck --full)
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'push via rsync' '
-	mkdir rsynced2 &&
-	(cd rsynced2 &&
-	 git init) &&
-	(cd rsynced &&
-	 git push "rsync:../rsynced2/.git" master) &&
-	(cd rsynced2 &&
-	 git gc --prune &&
-	 test $(git rev-parse master) = $(cd .. && git rev-parse master) &&
-	 git fsck --full)
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'push via rsync' '
-	mkdir rsynced3 &&
-	(cd rsynced3 &&
-	 git init) &&
-	git push --all "rsync:rsynced3/.git" &&
-	(cd rsynced3 &&
-	 test $(git rev-parse master) = $(cd .. && git rev-parse master) &&
-	 git fsck --full)
-'
-}
-
 test_expect_success 'fetch with a non-applying branch.<name>.merge' '
 	git config branch.master.remote yeti &&
 	git config branch.master.merge refs/heads/bigfoot &&
@@ -574,87 +535,272 @@ test_expect_success "should be able to fetch with duplicate refspecs" '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'LHS of refspec follows ref disambiguation rules' '
+	mkdir lhs-ambiguous &&
+	(
+		cd lhs-ambiguous &&
+		git init server &&
+		test_commit -C server unwanted &&
+		test_commit -C server wanted &&
+
+		git init client &&
+
+		# Check a name coming after "refs" alphabetically ...
+		git -C server update-ref refs/heads/s wanted &&
+		git -C server update-ref refs/heads/refs/heads/s unwanted &&
+		git -C client fetch ../server +refs/heads/s:refs/heads/checkthis &&
+		git -C server rev-parse wanted >expect &&
+		git -C client rev-parse checkthis >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		# ... and one before.
+		git -C server update-ref refs/heads/q wanted &&
+		git -C server update-ref refs/heads/refs/heads/q unwanted &&
+		git -C client fetch ../server +refs/heads/q:refs/heads/checkthis &&
+		git -C server rev-parse wanted >expect &&
+		git -C client rev-parse checkthis >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		# Tags are preferred over branches like refs/{heads,tags}/*
+		git -C server update-ref refs/tags/t wanted &&
+		git -C server update-ref refs/heads/t unwanted &&
+		git -C client fetch ../server +t:refs/heads/checkthis &&
+		git -C server rev-parse wanted >expect &&
+		git -C client rev-parse checkthis >actual
+	)
+'
+
 # configured prune tests
 
 set_config_tristate () {
 	# var=$1 val=$2
 	case "$2" in
-	unset)  test_unconfig "$1" ;;
-	*)	git config "$1" "$2" ;;
+	unset)
+		test_unconfig "$1"
+		;;
+	*)
+		git config "$1" "$2"
+		key=$(echo $1 | sed -e 's/^remote\.origin/fetch/')
+		git_fetch_c="$git_fetch_c -c $key=$2"
+		;;
 	esac
 }
 
 test_configured_prune () {
-	fetch_prune=$1 remote_origin_prune=$2 cmdline=$3 expected=$4
+	test_configured_prune_type "$@" "name"
+	test_configured_prune_type "$@" "link"
+}
 
-	test_expect_success "prune fetch.prune=$1 remote.origin.prune=$2${3:+ $3}; $4" '
+test_configured_prune_type () {
+	fetch_prune=$1
+	remote_origin_prune=$2
+	fetch_prune_tags=$3
+	remote_origin_prune_tags=$4
+	expected_branch=$5
+	expected_tag=$6
+	cmdline=$7
+	mode=$8
+
+	if test -z "$cmdline_setup"
+	then
+		test_expect_success 'setup cmdline_setup variable for subsequent test' '
+			remote_url="file://$(git -C one config remote.origin.url)" &&
+			remote_fetch="$(git -C one config remote.origin.fetch)" &&
+			cmdline_setup="\"$remote_url\" \"$remote_fetch\""
+		'
+	fi
+
+	if test "$mode" = 'link'
+	then
+		new_cmdline=""
+
+		if test "$cmdline" = ""
+		then
+			new_cmdline=$cmdline_setup
+		else
+			new_cmdline=$(printf "%s" "$cmdline" | perl -pe 's[origin(?!/)]["'"$remote_url"'"]g')
+		fi
+
+		if test "$fetch_prune_tags" = 'true' ||
+		   test "$remote_origin_prune_tags" = 'true'
+		then
+			if ! printf '%s' "$cmdline\n" | grep -q refs/remotes/origin/
+			then
+				new_cmdline="$new_cmdline refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*"
+			fi
+		fi
+
+		cmdline="$new_cmdline"
+	fi
+
+	test_expect_success "$mode prune fetch.prune=$1 remote.origin.prune=$2 fetch.pruneTags=$3 remote.origin.pruneTags=$4${7:+ $7}; branch:$5 tag:$6" '
 		# make sure a newbranch is there in . and also in one
 		git branch -f newbranch &&
+		git tag -f newtag &&
 		(
 			cd one &&
 			test_unconfig fetch.prune &&
+			test_unconfig fetch.pruneTags &&
 			test_unconfig remote.origin.prune &&
-			git fetch &&
-			git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/newbranch
+			test_unconfig remote.origin.pruneTags &&
+			git fetch '"$cmdline_setup"' &&
+			git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/newbranch &&
+			git rev-parse --verify refs/tags/newtag
 		) &&
 
-		# now remove it
+		# now remove them
 		git branch -d newbranch &&
+		git tag -d newtag &&
 
 		# then test
 		(
 			cd one &&
+			git_fetch_c="" &&
 			set_config_tristate fetch.prune $fetch_prune &&
+			set_config_tristate fetch.pruneTags $fetch_prune_tags &&
 			set_config_tristate remote.origin.prune $remote_origin_prune &&
-
-			git fetch $cmdline &&
-			case "$expected" in
+			set_config_tristate remote.origin.pruneTags $remote_origin_prune_tags &&
+
+			if test "$mode" != "link"
+			then
+				git_fetch_c=""
+			fi &&
+			git$git_fetch_c fetch '"$cmdline"' &&
+			case "$expected_branch" in
 			pruned)
 				test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/newbranch
 				;;
 			kept)
 				git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/newbranch
 				;;
+			esac &&
+			case "$expected_tag" in
+			pruned)
+				test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/tags/newtag
+				;;
+			kept)
+				git rev-parse --verify refs/tags/newtag
+				;;
 			esac
 		)
 	'
 }
 
-test_configured_prune unset unset ""		kept
-test_configured_prune unset unset "--no-prune"	kept
-test_configured_prune unset unset "--prune"	pruned
-
-test_configured_prune false unset ""		kept
-test_configured_prune false unset "--no-prune"	kept
-test_configured_prune false unset "--prune"	pruned
-
-test_configured_prune true  unset ""		pruned
-test_configured_prune true  unset "--prune"	pruned
-test_configured_prune true  unset "--no-prune"	kept
-
-test_configured_prune unset false ""		kept
-test_configured_prune unset false "--no-prune"	kept
-test_configured_prune unset false "--prune"	pruned
-
-test_configured_prune false false ""		kept
-test_configured_prune false false "--no-prune"	kept
-test_configured_prune false false "--prune"	pruned
-
-test_configured_prune true  false ""		kept
-test_configured_prune true  false "--prune"	pruned
-test_configured_prune true  false "--no-prune"	kept
-
-test_configured_prune unset true  ""		pruned
-test_configured_prune unset true  "--no-prune"	kept
-test_configured_prune unset true  "--prune"	pruned
-
-test_configured_prune false true  ""		pruned
-test_configured_prune false true  "--no-prune"	kept
-test_configured_prune false true  "--prune"	pruned
-
-test_configured_prune true  true  ""		pruned
-test_configured_prune true  true  "--prune"	pruned
-test_configured_prune true  true  "--no-prune"	kept
+# $1 config: fetch.prune
+# $2 config: remote.<name>.prune
+# $3 config: fetch.pruneTags
+# $4 config: remote.<name>.pruneTags
+# $5 expect: branch to be pruned?
+# $6 expect: tag to be pruned?
+# $7 git-fetch $cmdline:
+#
+#                     $1    $2    $3    $4    $5     $6     $7
+test_configured_prune unset unset unset unset kept   kept   ""
+test_configured_prune unset unset unset unset kept   kept   "--no-prune"
+test_configured_prune unset unset unset unset pruned kept   "--prune"
+test_configured_prune unset unset unset unset kept   pruned \
+	"--prune origin refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*"
+test_configured_prune unset unset unset unset pruned pruned \
+	"--prune origin refs/tags/*:refs/tags/* +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*"
+
+test_configured_prune false unset unset unset kept   kept   ""
+test_configured_prune false unset unset unset kept   kept   "--no-prune"
+test_configured_prune false unset unset unset pruned kept   "--prune"
+
+test_configured_prune true  unset unset unset pruned kept   ""
+test_configured_prune true  unset unset unset pruned kept   "--prune"
+test_configured_prune true  unset unset unset kept   kept   "--no-prune"
+
+test_configured_prune unset false unset unset kept   kept   ""
+test_configured_prune unset false unset unset kept   kept   "--no-prune"
+test_configured_prune unset false unset unset pruned kept   "--prune"
+
+test_configured_prune false false unset unset kept   kept   ""
+test_configured_prune false false unset unset kept   kept   "--no-prune"
+test_configured_prune false false unset unset pruned kept   "--prune"
+test_configured_prune false false unset unset kept   pruned \
+	"--prune origin refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*"
+test_configured_prune false false unset unset pruned pruned \
+	"--prune origin refs/tags/*:refs/tags/* +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*"
+
+test_configured_prune true  false unset unset kept   kept   ""
+test_configured_prune true  false unset unset pruned kept   "--prune"
+test_configured_prune true  false unset unset kept   kept   "--no-prune"
+
+test_configured_prune unset true  unset unset pruned kept   ""
+test_configured_prune unset true  unset unset kept   kept   "--no-prune"
+test_configured_prune unset true  unset unset pruned kept   "--prune"
+
+test_configured_prune false true  unset unset pruned kept   ""
+test_configured_prune false true  unset unset kept   kept   "--no-prune"
+test_configured_prune false true  unset unset pruned kept   "--prune"
+
+test_configured_prune true  true  unset unset pruned kept   ""
+test_configured_prune true  true  unset unset pruned kept   "--prune"
+test_configured_prune true  true  unset unset kept   kept   "--no-prune"
+test_configured_prune true  true  unset unset kept   pruned \
+	"--prune origin refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*"
+test_configured_prune true  true  unset unset pruned pruned \
+	"--prune origin refs/tags/*:refs/tags/* +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*"
+
+# --prune-tags on its own does nothing, needs --prune as well, same
+# for for fetch.pruneTags without fetch.prune
+test_configured_prune unset unset unset unset kept kept     "--prune-tags"
+test_configured_prune unset unset true unset  kept kept     ""
+test_configured_prune unset unset unset true  kept kept     ""
+
+# These will prune the tags
+test_configured_prune unset unset unset unset pruned pruned "--prune --prune-tags"
+test_configured_prune true  unset true  unset pruned pruned ""
+test_configured_prune unset true  unset true  pruned pruned ""
+
+# remote.<name>.pruneTags overrides fetch.pruneTags, just like
+# remote.<name>.prune overrides fetch.prune if set.
+test_configured_prune true  unset true unset pruned pruned  ""
+test_configured_prune false true  false true  pruned pruned ""
+test_configured_prune true  false true  false kept   kept   ""
+
+# When --prune-tags is supplied it's ignored if an explicit refspec is
+# given, same for the configuration options.
+test_configured_prune unset unset unset unset pruned kept \
+	"--prune --prune-tags origin +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*"
+test_configured_prune unset unset true  unset pruned kept \
+	"--prune origin +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*"
+test_configured_prune unset unset unset true pruned  kept \
+	"--prune origin +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*"
+
+# Pruning that also takes place if a file:// url replaces a named
+# remote. However, because there's no implicit
+# +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* refspec and supplying it on the
+# command-line negates --prune-tags, the branches will not be pruned.
+test_configured_prune_type unset unset unset unset kept   kept   "origin --prune-tags" "name"
+test_configured_prune_type unset unset unset unset kept   kept   "origin --prune-tags" "link"
+test_configured_prune_type unset unset unset unset pruned pruned "origin --prune --prune-tags" "name"
+test_configured_prune_type unset unset unset unset kept   pruned "origin --prune --prune-tags" "link"
+test_configured_prune_type unset unset unset unset pruned pruned "--prune --prune-tags origin" "name"
+test_configured_prune_type unset unset unset unset kept   pruned "--prune --prune-tags origin" "link"
+test_configured_prune_type unset unset true  unset pruned pruned "--prune origin" "name"
+test_configured_prune_type unset unset true  unset kept   pruned "--prune origin" "link"
+test_configured_prune_type unset unset unset true  pruned pruned "--prune origin" "name"
+test_configured_prune_type unset unset unset true  kept   pruned "--prune origin" "link"
+test_configured_prune_type true  unset true  unset pruned pruned "origin" "name"
+test_configured_prune_type true  unset true  unset kept   pruned "origin" "link"
+test_configured_prune_type unset  true true  unset pruned pruned "origin" "name"
+test_configured_prune_type unset  true true  unset kept   pruned "origin" "link"
+test_configured_prune_type unset  true unset true  pruned pruned "origin" "name"
+test_configured_prune_type unset  true unset true  kept   pruned "origin" "link"
+
+# When all remote.origin.fetch settings are deleted a --prune
+# --prune-tags still implicitly supplies refs/tags/*:refs/tags/* so
+# tags, but not tracking branches, will be deleted.
+test_expect_success 'remove remote.origin.fetch "one"' '
+	(
+		cd one &&
+		git config --unset-all remote.origin.fetch
+	)
+'
+test_configured_prune_type unset unset unset unset kept pruned "origin --prune --prune-tags" "name"
+test_configured_prune_type unset unset unset unset kept pruned "origin --prune --prune-tags" "link"
 
 test_expect_success 'all boundary commits are excluded' '
 	test_commit base &&
@@ -680,7 +826,7 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch --prune prints the remotes url' '
 		git fetch --prune origin 2>&1 | head -n1 >../actual
 	) &&
 	echo "From ${D}/." >expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'branchname D/F conflict resolved by --prune' '
@@ -708,4 +854,130 @@ test_expect_success 'fetching a one-level ref works' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'fetching with auto-gc does not lock up' '
+	write_script askyesno <<-\EOF &&
+	echo "$*" &&
+	false
+	EOF
+	git clone "file://$D" auto-gc &&
+	test_commit test2 &&
+	(
+		cd auto-gc &&
+		git config fetch.unpackLimit 1 &&
+		git config gc.autoPackLimit 1 &&
+		git config gc.autoDetach false &&
+		GIT_ASK_YESNO="$D/askyesno" git fetch >fetch.out 2>&1 &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Auto packing the repository" fetch.out &&
+		! grep "Should I try again" fetch.out
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'fetch aligned output' '
+	git clone . full-output &&
+	test_commit looooooooooooong-tag &&
+	(
+		cd full-output &&
+		git -c fetch.output=full fetch origin >actual 2>&1 &&
+		grep -e "->" actual | cut -c 22- >../actual
+	) &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	master               -> origin/master
+	looooooooooooong-tag -> looooooooooooong-tag
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'fetch compact output' '
+	git clone . compact &&
+	test_commit extraaa &&
+	(
+		cd compact &&
+		git -c fetch.output=compact fetch origin >actual 2>&1 &&
+		grep -e "->" actual | cut -c 22- >../actual
+	) &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	master     -> origin/*
+	extraaa    -> *
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+setup_negotiation_tip () {
+	SERVER="$1"
+	URL="$2"
+	USE_PROTOCOL_V2="$3"
+
+	rm -rf "$SERVER" client trace &&
+	git init "$SERVER" &&
+	test_commit -C "$SERVER" alpha_1 &&
+	test_commit -C "$SERVER" alpha_2 &&
+	git -C "$SERVER" checkout --orphan beta &&
+	test_commit -C "$SERVER" beta_1 &&
+	test_commit -C "$SERVER" beta_2 &&
+
+	git clone "$URL" client &&
+
+	if test "$USE_PROTOCOL_V2" -eq 1
+	then
+		git -C "$SERVER" config protocol.version 2 &&
+		git -C client config protocol.version 2
+	fi &&
+
+	test_commit -C "$SERVER" beta_s &&
+	git -C "$SERVER" checkout master &&
+	test_commit -C "$SERVER" alpha_s &&
+	git -C "$SERVER" tag -d alpha_1 alpha_2 beta_1 beta_2
+}
+
+check_negotiation_tip () {
+	# Ensure that {alpha,beta}_1 are sent as "have", but not {alpha_beta}_2
+	ALPHA_1=$(git -C client rev-parse alpha_1) &&
+	grep "fetch> have $ALPHA_1" trace &&
+	BETA_1=$(git -C client rev-parse beta_1) &&
+	grep "fetch> have $BETA_1" trace &&
+	ALPHA_2=$(git -C client rev-parse alpha_2) &&
+	! grep "fetch> have $ALPHA_2" trace &&
+	BETA_2=$(git -C client rev-parse beta_2) &&
+	! grep "fetch> have $BETA_2" trace
+}
+
+test_expect_success '--negotiation-tip limits "have" lines sent' '
+	setup_negotiation_tip server server 0 &&
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/trace" git -C client fetch \
+		--negotiation-tip=alpha_1 --negotiation-tip=beta_1 \
+		origin alpha_s beta_s &&
+	check_negotiation_tip
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--negotiation-tip understands globs' '
+	setup_negotiation_tip server server 0 &&
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/trace" git -C client fetch \
+		--negotiation-tip=*_1 \
+		origin alpha_s beta_s &&
+	check_negotiation_tip
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--negotiation-tip understands abbreviated SHA-1' '
+	setup_negotiation_tip server server 0 &&
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/trace" git -C client fetch \
+		--negotiation-tip=$(git -C client rev-parse --short alpha_1) \
+		--negotiation-tip=$(git -C client rev-parse --short beta_1) \
+		origin alpha_s beta_s &&
+	check_negotiation_tip
+'
+
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+start_httpd
+
+test_expect_success '--negotiation-tip limits "have" lines sent with HTTP protocol v2' '
+	setup_negotiation_tip "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/server" \
+		"$HTTPD_URL/smart/server" 1 &&
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/trace" git -C client fetch \
+		--negotiation-tip=alpha_1 --negotiation-tip=beta_1 \
+		origin alpha_s beta_s &&
+	check_negotiation_tip
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5511-refspec.sh b/t/t5511-refspec.sh
index de6db86ccf..f541f30bc2 100755
--- a/t/t5511-refspec.sh
+++ b/t/t5511-refspec.sh
@@ -71,15 +71,18 @@ test_refspec fetch ':refs/remotes/frotz/HEAD-to-me'
 test_refspec push ':refs/remotes/frotz/delete me'		invalid
 test_refspec fetch ':refs/remotes/frotz/HEAD to me'		invalid
 
-test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*-blah' invalid
-test_refspec push 'refs/heads/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*-blah' invalid
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*-blah'
+test_refspec push 'refs/heads/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*-blah'
 
-test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*' invalid
-test_refspec push 'refs/heads*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*' invalid
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*'
+test_refspec push 'refs/heads*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*'
 
 test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/*/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*' invalid
 test_refspec push 'refs/heads/*/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*' invalid
 
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/*g*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*' invalid
+test_refspec push 'refs/heads/*g*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*' invalid
+
 test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*'
 test_refspec push 'refs/heads/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*'
 
diff --git a/t/t5512-ls-remote.sh b/t/t5512-ls-remote.sh
index 3bd9759e0f..bc5703ff9b 100755
--- a/t/t5512-ls-remote.sh
+++ b/t/t5512-ls-remote.sh
@@ -10,9 +10,12 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m initial &&
 	git tag mark &&
+	git tag mark1.1 &&
+	git tag mark1.2 &&
+	git tag mark1.10 &&
 	git show-ref --tags -d | sed -e "s/ /	/" >expected.tag &&
 	(
-		echo "$(git rev-parse HEAD)	HEAD"
+		echo "$(git rev-parse HEAD)	HEAD" &&
 		git show-ref -d	| sed -e "s/ /	/"
 	) >expected.all &&
 
@@ -39,6 +42,39 @@ test_expect_success 'ls-remote self' '
 	test_cmp expected.all actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'ls-remote --sort="version:refname" --tags self' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse mark)	refs/tags/mark
+	$(git rev-parse mark1.1)	refs/tags/mark1.1
+	$(git rev-parse mark1.2)	refs/tags/mark1.2
+	$(git rev-parse mark1.10)	refs/tags/mark1.10
+	EOF
+	git ls-remote --sort="version:refname" --tags self >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-remote --sort="-version:refname" --tags self' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse mark1.10)	refs/tags/mark1.10
+	$(git rev-parse mark1.2)	refs/tags/mark1.2
+	$(git rev-parse mark1.1)	refs/tags/mark1.1
+	$(git rev-parse mark)	refs/tags/mark
+	EOF
+	git ls-remote --sort="-version:refname" --tags self >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-remote --sort="-refname" --tags self' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse mark1.2)	refs/tags/mark1.2
+	$(git rev-parse mark1.10)	refs/tags/mark1.10
+	$(git rev-parse mark1.1)	refs/tags/mark1.1
+	$(git rev-parse mark)	refs/tags/mark
+	EOF
+	git ls-remote --sort="-refname" --tags self >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'dies when no remote specified and no default remotes found' '
 	test_must_fail git ls-remote
 '
@@ -69,7 +105,7 @@ test_expect_success 'use branch.<name>.remote if possible' '
 	git clone . other.git &&
 	(
 		cd other.git &&
-		echo "$(git rev-parse HEAD)	HEAD"
+		echo "$(git rev-parse HEAD)	HEAD" &&
 		git show-ref	| sed -e "s/ /	/"
 	) >exp &&
 
@@ -85,8 +121,15 @@ test_expect_success 'use branch.<name>.remote if possible' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'confuses pattern as remote when no remote specified' '
-	cat >exp <<-\EOF &&
-	fatal: '\''refs*master'\'' does not appear to be a git repository
+	if test_have_prereq MINGW
+	then
+		# Windows does not like asterisks in pathname
+		does_not_exist=master
+	else
+		does_not_exist="refs*master"
+	fi &&
+	cat >exp <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: '\''$does_not_exist'\'' does not appear to be a git repository
 	fatal: Could not read from remote repository.
 
 	Please make sure you have the correct access rights
@@ -98,8 +141,8 @@ test_expect_success 'confuses pattern as remote when no remote specified' '
 	# fetch <branch>.
 	# We could just as easily have used "master"; the "*" emphasizes its
 	# role as a pattern.
-	test_must_fail git ls-remote refs*master >actual 2>&1 &&
-	test_cmp exp actual
+	test_must_fail git ls-remote "$does_not_exist" >actual 2>&1 &&
+	test_i18ncmp exp actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'die with non-2 for wrong repository even with --exit-code' '
@@ -112,22 +155,25 @@ test_expect_success 'die with non-2 for wrong repository even with --exit-code'
 
 test_expect_success 'Report success even when nothing matches' '
 	git ls-remote other.git "refs/nsn/*" >actual &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'Report no-match with --exit-code' '
 	test_expect_code 2 git ls-remote --exit-code other.git "refs/nsn/*" >actual &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'Report match with --exit-code' '
 	git ls-remote --exit-code other.git "refs/tags/*" >actual &&
-	git ls-remote . tags/mark >expect &&
+	git ls-remote . tags/mark* >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'set up some extra tags for ref hiding' '
+	git tag magic/one &&
+	git tag magic/two
+'
+
 for configsection in transfer uploadpack
 do
 	test_expect_success "Hide some refs with $configsection.hiderefs" '
@@ -138,6 +184,122 @@ do
 		sed -e "/	refs\/tags\//d" >expect &&
 		test_cmp expect actual
 	'
+
+	test_expect_success "Override hiding of $configsection.hiderefs" '
+		test_when_finished "test_unconfig $configsection.hiderefs" &&
+		git config --add $configsection.hiderefs refs/tags &&
+		git config --add $configsection.hiderefs "!refs/tags/magic" &&
+		git config --add $configsection.hiderefs refs/tags/magic/one &&
+		git ls-remote . >actual &&
+		grep refs/tags/magic/two actual &&
+		! grep refs/tags/magic/one actual
+	'
+
 done
 
+test_expect_success 'overrides work between mixed transfer/upload-pack hideRefs' '
+	test_config uploadpack.hiderefs refs/tags &&
+	test_config transfer.hiderefs "!refs/tags/magic" &&
+	git ls-remote . >actual &&
+	grep refs/tags/magic actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-remote --symref' '
+	git fetch origin &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	ref: refs/heads/master	HEAD
+	$(git rev-parse HEAD)	HEAD
+	$(git rev-parse refs/heads/master)	refs/heads/master
+	$(git rev-parse HEAD)	refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
+	$(git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/master)	refs/remotes/origin/master
+	$(git rev-parse refs/tags/mark)	refs/tags/mark
+	$(git rev-parse refs/tags/mark1.1)	refs/tags/mark1.1
+	$(git rev-parse refs/tags/mark1.10)	refs/tags/mark1.10
+	$(git rev-parse refs/tags/mark1.2)	refs/tags/mark1.2
+	EOF
+	git ls-remote --symref >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-remote with filtered symref (refname)' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	ref: refs/heads/master	HEAD
+	1bd44cb9d13204b0fe1958db0082f5028a16eb3a	HEAD
+	EOF
+	git ls-remote --symref . HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'ls-remote with filtered symref (--heads)' '
+	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/foo refs/tags/mark &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	ref: refs/tags/mark	refs/heads/foo
+	1bd44cb9d13204b0fe1958db0082f5028a16eb3a	refs/heads/foo
+	1bd44cb9d13204b0fe1958db0082f5028a16eb3a	refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	git ls-remote --symref --heads . >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-remote --symref omits filtered-out matches' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	1bd44cb9d13204b0fe1958db0082f5028a16eb3a	refs/heads/foo
+	1bd44cb9d13204b0fe1958db0082f5028a16eb3a	refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	git ls-remote --symref --heads . >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git ls-remote --symref . "refs/heads/*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_lazy_prereq GIT_DAEMON '
+	test_tristate GIT_TEST_GIT_DAEMON &&
+	test "$GIT_TEST_GIT_DAEMON" != false
+'
+
+# This test spawns a daemon, so run it only if the user would be OK with
+# testing with git-daemon.
+test_expect_success PIPE,JGIT,GIT_DAEMON 'indicate no refs in standards-compliant empty remote' '
+	JGIT_DAEMON_PORT=${JGIT_DAEMON_PORT-${this_test#t}} &&
+	JGIT_DAEMON_PID= &&
+	git init --bare empty.git &&
+	>empty.git/git-daemon-export-ok &&
+	mkfifo jgit_daemon_output &&
+	{
+		jgit daemon --port="$JGIT_DAEMON_PORT" . >jgit_daemon_output &
+		JGIT_DAEMON_PID=$!
+	} &&
+	test_when_finished kill "$JGIT_DAEMON_PID" &&
+	{
+		read line &&
+		case $line in
+		Exporting*)
+			;;
+		*)
+			echo "Expected: Exporting" &&
+			false;;
+		esac &&
+		read line &&
+		case $line in
+		"Listening on"*)
+			;;
+		*)
+			echo "Expected: Listening on" &&
+			false;;
+		esac
+	} <jgit_daemon_output &&
+	# --exit-code asks the command to exit with 2 when no
+	# matching refs are found.
+	test_expect_code 2 git ls-remote --exit-code git://localhost:$JGIT_DAEMON_PORT/empty.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-remote works outside repository' '
+	# It is important for this repo to be inside the nongit
+	# area, as we want a repo name that does not include
+	# slashes (because those inhibit some of our configuration
+	# lookups).
+	nongit git init --bare dst.git &&
+	nongit git ls-remote dst.git
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh b/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh
index 0f8140957f..0030c92e1a 100755
--- a/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh
+++ b/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git fetch --all (skipFetchAll)' '
 	(cd test4 &&
 	 for b in $(git branch -r)
 	 do
-		git branch -r -d $b || break
+		git branch -r -d $b || exit 1
 	 done &&
 	 git remote add three ../three &&
 	 git config remote.three.skipFetchAll true &&
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git fetch --multiple (ignoring skipFetchAll)' '
 	(cd test4 &&
 	 for b in $(git branch -r)
 	 do
-		git branch -r -d $b || break
+		git branch -r -d $b || exit 1
 	 done &&
 	 git fetch --multiple one two three &&
 	 git branch -r > output &&
@@ -152,7 +152,6 @@ test_expect_success 'git fetch --multiple (ignoring skipFetchAll)' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git fetch --all --no-tags' '
-	>expect &&
 	git clone one test5 &&
 	git clone test5 test6 &&
 	(cd test5 && git tag test-tag) &&
@@ -161,7 +160,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git fetch --all --no-tags' '
 		git fetch --all --no-tags &&
 		git tag >output
 	) &&
-	test_cmp expect test6/output
+	test_must_be_empty test6/output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git fetch --all --tags' '
diff --git a/t/t5515-fetch-merge-logic.sh b/t/t5515-fetch-merge-logic.sh
index dbb927dec8..36b0dbc01c 100755
--- a/t/t5515-fetch-merge-logic.sh
+++ b/t/t5515-fetch-merge-logic.sh
@@ -128,8 +128,8 @@ do
 	case "$cmd" in
 	'' | '#'*) continue ;;
 	esac
-	test=`echo "$cmd" | sed -e 's|[/ ][/ ]*|_|g'`
-	pfx=`printf "%04d" $test_count`
+	test=$(echo "$cmd" | sed -e 's|[/ ][/ ]*|_|g')
+	pfx=$(printf "%04d" $test_count)
 	expect_f="$TEST_DIRECTORY/t5515/fetch.$test"
 	actual_f="$pfx-fetch.$test"
 	expect_r="$TEST_DIRECTORY/t5515/refs.$test"
diff --git a/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh b/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
index 630885d6df..539c25aada 100755
--- a/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
+++ b/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ This test checks the following functionality:
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-D=`pwd`
+D=$(pwd)
 
 mk_empty () {
 	repo_name="$1"
@@ -94,6 +94,9 @@ mk_child() {
 }
 
 check_push_result () {
+	test $# -ge 3 ||
+	error "bug in the test script: check_push_result requires at least 3 parameters"
+
 	repo_name="$1"
 	shift
 
@@ -422,7 +425,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push tag with non-existent, incomplete dest' '
 test_expect_success 'push sha1 with non-existent, incomplete dest' '
 
 	mk_test testrepo &&
-	test_must_fail git push testrepo `git rev-parse master`:foo
+	test_must_fail git push testrepo $(git rev-parse master):foo
 
 '
 
@@ -553,10 +556,7 @@ test_expect_success 'branch.*.pushremote config order is irrelevant' '
 test_expect_success 'push with dry-run' '
 
 	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
-	(
-		cd testrepo &&
-		old_commit=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master)
-	) &&
+	old_commit=$(git -C testrepo show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
 	git push --dry-run testrepo : &&
 	check_push_result testrepo $old_commit heads/master
 '
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push does not update local refs on failure' '
 	chmod +x testrepo/.git/hooks/pre-receive &&
 	(
 		cd child &&
-		git pull .. master
+		git pull .. master &&
 		test_must_fail git push &&
 		test $(git rev-parse master) != \
 			$(git rev-parse remotes/origin/master)
@@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ test_expect_success 'pushing valid refs triggers post-receive and post-update ho
 	orgmaster=$(cd testrepo && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
 	newmaster=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
 	orgnext=$(cd testrepo && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/next) &&
-	newnext=$_z40 &&
+	newnext=$ZERO_OID &&
 	git push testrepo refs/heads/master:refs/heads/master :refs/heads/next &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo/.git &&
@@ -672,15 +672,15 @@ test_expect_success 'deleting dangling ref triggers hooks with correct args' '
 	(
 		cd testrepo/.git &&
 		cat >pre-receive.expect <<-EOF &&
-		$_z40 $_z40 refs/heads/master
+		$ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID refs/heads/master
 		EOF
 
 		cat >update.expect <<-EOF &&
-		refs/heads/master $_z40 $_z40
+		refs/heads/master $ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID
 		EOF
 
 		cat >post-receive.expect <<-EOF &&
-		$_z40 $_z40 refs/heads/master
+		$ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID refs/heads/master
 		EOF
 
 		cat >post-update.expect <<-EOF &&
@@ -703,12 +703,12 @@ test_expect_success 'deletion of a non-existent ref is not fed to post-receive a
 		cd testrepo/.git &&
 		cat >pre-receive.expect <<-EOF &&
 		$orgmaster $newmaster refs/heads/master
-		$_z40 $_z40 refs/heads/nonexistent
+		$ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID refs/heads/nonexistent
 		EOF
 
 		cat >update.expect <<-EOF &&
 		refs/heads/master $orgmaster $newmaster
-		refs/heads/nonexistent $_z40 $_z40
+		refs/heads/nonexistent $ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID
 		EOF
 
 		cat >post-receive.expect <<-EOF &&
@@ -732,11 +732,11 @@ test_expect_success 'deletion of a non-existent ref alone does trigger post-rece
 	(
 		cd testrepo/.git &&
 		cat >pre-receive.expect <<-EOF &&
-		$_z40 $_z40 refs/heads/nonexistent
+		$ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID refs/heads/nonexistent
 		EOF
 
 		cat >update.expect <<-EOF &&
-		refs/heads/nonexistent $_z40 $_z40
+		refs/heads/nonexistent $ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID
 		EOF
 
 		test_cmp pre-receive.expect pre-receive.actual &&
@@ -751,7 +751,7 @@ test_expect_success 'mixed ref updates, deletes, invalid deletes trigger hooks w
 	orgmaster=$(cd testrepo && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
 	newmaster=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
 	orgnext=$(cd testrepo && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/next) &&
-	newnext=$_z40 &&
+	newnext=$ZERO_OID &&
 	orgpu=$(cd testrepo && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/pu) &&
 	newpu=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
 	git push testrepo refs/heads/master:refs/heads/master \
@@ -763,14 +763,14 @@ test_expect_success 'mixed ref updates, deletes, invalid deletes trigger hooks w
 		$orgmaster $newmaster refs/heads/master
 		$orgnext $newnext refs/heads/next
 		$orgpu $newpu refs/heads/pu
-		$_z40 $_z40 refs/heads/nonexistent
+		$ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID refs/heads/nonexistent
 		EOF
 
 		cat >update.expect <<-EOF &&
 		refs/heads/master $orgmaster $newmaster
 		refs/heads/next $orgnext $newnext
 		refs/heads/pu $orgpu $newpu
-		refs/heads/nonexistent $_z40 $_z40
+		refs/heads/nonexistent $ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID
 		EOF
 
 		cat >post-receive.expect <<-EOF &&
@@ -923,7 +923,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push into aliased refs (consistent)' '
 	(
 		cd child1 &&
 		git branch foo &&
-		git symbolic-ref refs/heads/bar refs/heads/foo
+		git symbolic-ref refs/heads/bar refs/heads/foo &&
 		git config receive.denyCurrentBranch false
 	) &&
 	(
@@ -945,7 +945,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push into aliased refs (inconsistent)' '
 	(
 		cd child1 &&
 		git branch foo &&
-		git symbolic-ref refs/heads/bar refs/heads/foo
+		git symbolic-ref refs/heads/bar refs/heads/foo &&
 		git config receive.denyCurrentBranch false
 	) &&
 	(
@@ -965,26 +965,51 @@ test_expect_success 'push into aliased refs (inconsistent)' '
 	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'push requires --force to update lightweight tag' '
-	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
-	mk_child testrepo child1 &&
-	mk_child testrepo child2 &&
-	(
-		cd child1 &&
-		git tag Tag &&
-		git push ../child2 Tag &&
-		git push ../child2 Tag &&
-		>file1 &&
-		git add file1 &&
-		git commit -m "file1" &&
-		git tag -f Tag &&
-		test_must_fail git push ../child2 Tag &&
-		git push --force ../child2 Tag &&
-		git tag -f Tag &&
-		test_must_fail git push ../child2 Tag HEAD~ &&
-		git push --force ../child2 Tag
-	)
-'
+test_force_push_tag () {
+	tag_type_description=$1
+	tag_args=$2
+
+	test_expect_success 'force pushing required to update lightweight tag' "
+		mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
+		mk_child testrepo child1 &&
+		mk_child testrepo child2 &&
+		(
+			cd child1 &&
+			git tag testTag &&
+			git push ../child2 testTag &&
+			>file1 &&
+			git add file1 &&
+			git commit -m 'file1' &&
+			git tag $tag_args testTag &&
+			test_must_fail git push ../child2 testTag &&
+			git push --force ../child2 testTag &&
+			git tag $tag_args testTag HEAD~ &&
+			test_must_fail git push ../child2 testTag &&
+			git push --force ../child2 testTag &&
+
+			# Clobbering without + in refspec needs --force
+			git tag -f testTag &&
+			test_must_fail git push ../child2 'refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*' &&
+			git push --force ../child2 'refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*' &&
+
+			# Clobbering with + in refspec does not need --force
+			git tag -f testTag HEAD~ &&
+			git push ../child2 '+refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*' &&
+
+			# Clobbering with --no-force still obeys + in refspec
+			git tag -f testTag &&
+			git push --no-force ../child2 '+refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*' &&
+
+			# Clobbering with/without --force and 'tag <name>' format
+			git tag -f testTag HEAD~ &&
+			test_must_fail git push ../child2 tag testTag &&
+			git push --force ../child2 tag testTag
+		)
+	"
+}
+
+test_force_push_tag "lightweight tag" "-f"
+test_force_push_tag "annotated tag" "-f -a -m'msg'"
 
 test_expect_success 'push --porcelain' '
 	mk_empty testrepo &&
@@ -1004,14 +1029,14 @@ test_expect_success 'push --porcelain' '
 test_expect_success 'push --porcelain bad url' '
 	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	test_must_fail git push >.git/bar --porcelain asdfasdfasd refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
-	test_must_fail grep -q Done .git/bar
+	! grep -q Done .git/bar
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push --porcelain rejected' '
 	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	git push testrepo refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
 	(cd testrepo &&
-		git reset --hard origin/master^
+		git reset --hard origin/master^ &&
 		git config receive.denyCurrentBranch true) &&
 
 	echo >.git/foo  "To testrepo"  &&
@@ -1025,7 +1050,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push --porcelain --dry-run rejected' '
 	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	git push testrepo refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
 	(cd testrepo &&
-		git reset --hard origin/master
+		git reset --hard origin/master &&
 		git config receive.denyCurrentBranch true) &&
 
 	echo >.git/foo  "To testrepo"  &&
@@ -1098,7 +1123,8 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch exact SHA1' '
 		test_must_fail git cat-file -t $the_commit &&
 
 		# fetching the hidden object should fail by default
-		test_must_fail git fetch -v ../testrepo $the_commit:refs/heads/copy &&
+		test_must_fail git fetch -v ../testrepo $the_commit:refs/heads/copy 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Server does not allow request for unadvertised object" err &&
 		test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/copy &&
 
 		# the server side can allow it to succeed
@@ -1107,12 +1133,93 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch exact SHA1' '
 			git config uploadpack.allowtipsha1inwant true
 		) &&
 
-		git fetch -v ../testrepo $the_commit:refs/heads/copy &&
-		result=$(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/copy) &&
-		test "$the_commit" = "$result"
+		git fetch -v ../testrepo $the_commit:refs/heads/copy master:refs/heads/extra &&
+		cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		$the_commit
+		$the_first_commit
+		EOF
+		{
+			git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/copy &&
+			git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/extra
+		} >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'fetch exact SHA1 in protocol v2' '
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master hidden/one &&
+	git push testrepo master:refs/hidden/one &&
+	git -C testrepo config transfer.hiderefs refs/hidden &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit hidden/one &&
+
+	mk_child testrepo child &&
+	git -C child config protocol.version 2 &&
+
+	# make sure $the_commit does not exist here
+	git -C child repack -a -d &&
+	git -C child prune &&
+	test_must_fail git -C child cat-file -t $the_commit &&
+
+	# fetching the hidden object succeeds by default
+	# NEEDSWORK: should this match the v0 behavior instead?
+	git -C child fetch -v ../testrepo $the_commit:refs/heads/copy
+'
+
+for configallowtipsha1inwant in true false
+do
+	test_expect_success "shallow fetch reachable SHA1 (but not a ref), allowtipsha1inwant=$configallowtipsha1inwant" '
+		mk_empty testrepo &&
+		(
+			cd testrepo &&
+			git config uploadpack.allowtipsha1inwant $configallowtipsha1inwant &&
+			git commit --allow-empty -m foo &&
+			git commit --allow-empty -m bar
+		) &&
+		SHA1=$(git --git-dir=testrepo/.git rev-parse HEAD^) &&
+		mk_empty shallow &&
+		(
+			cd shallow &&
+			test_must_fail git fetch --depth=1 ../testrepo/.git $SHA1 &&
+			git --git-dir=../testrepo/.git config uploadpack.allowreachablesha1inwant true &&
+			git fetch --depth=1 ../testrepo/.git $SHA1 &&
+			git cat-file commit $SHA1
+		)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "deny fetch unreachable SHA1, allowtipsha1inwant=$configallowtipsha1inwant" '
+		mk_empty testrepo &&
+		(
+			cd testrepo &&
+			git config uploadpack.allowtipsha1inwant $configallowtipsha1inwant &&
+			git commit --allow-empty -m foo &&
+			git commit --allow-empty -m bar &&
+			git commit --allow-empty -m xyz
+		) &&
+		SHA1_1=$(git --git-dir=testrepo/.git rev-parse HEAD^^) &&
+		SHA1_2=$(git --git-dir=testrepo/.git rev-parse HEAD^) &&
+		SHA1_3=$(git --git-dir=testrepo/.git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+		(
+			cd testrepo &&
+			git reset --hard $SHA1_2 &&
+			git cat-file commit $SHA1_1 &&
+			git cat-file commit $SHA1_3
+		) &&
+		mk_empty shallow &&
+		(
+			cd shallow &&
+			test_must_fail ok=sigpipe git fetch ../testrepo/.git $SHA1_3 &&
+			test_must_fail ok=sigpipe git fetch ../testrepo/.git $SHA1_1 &&
+			git --git-dir=../testrepo/.git config uploadpack.allowreachablesha1inwant true &&
+			git fetch ../testrepo/.git $SHA1_1 &&
+			git cat-file commit $SHA1_1 &&
+			test_must_fail git cat-file commit $SHA1_2 &&
+			git fetch ../testrepo/.git $SHA1_2 &&
+			git cat-file commit $SHA1_2 &&
+			test_must_fail ok=sigpipe git fetch ../testrepo/.git $SHA1_3
+		)
+	'
+done
+
 test_expect_success 'fetch follows tags by default' '
 	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	rm -fr src dst &&
@@ -1251,7 +1358,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push --follow-tag only pushes relevant tags' '
 		git commit --allow-empty -m "future commit" &&
 		git tag -m "future" future &&
 		git checkout master &&
-		git for-each-ref refs/heads/master refs/tags/tag >../expect
+		git for-each-ref refs/heads/master refs/tags/tag >../expect &&
 		git push --follow-tag ../dst master
 	) &&
 	(
@@ -1355,7 +1462,7 @@ test_expect_success 'receive.denyCurrentBranch = updateInstead' '
 		cd testrepo &&
 		git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
 		test $(git -C .. rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
-		test-chmtime +100 path1
+		test-tool chmtime +100 path1
 	) &&
 	git push testrepo master &&
 	(
@@ -1430,8 +1537,22 @@ test_expect_success 'receive.denyCurrentBranch = updateInstead' '
 		test $(git -C .. rev-parse HEAD^^) = $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 		git diff --quiet &&
 		test fifth = "$(cat path3)"
-	)
+	) &&
 
+	# (5) push into void
+	rm -fr void &&
+	git init void &&
+	(
+		cd void &&
+		git config receive.denyCurrentBranch updateInstead
+	) &&
+	git push void master &&
+	(
+		cd void &&
+		test $(git -C .. rev-parse master) = $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+		git diff --quiet &&
+		git diff --cached --quiet
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'updateInstead with push-to-checkout hook' '
@@ -1494,6 +1615,45 @@ test_expect_success 'updateInstead with push-to-checkout hook' '
 		test "$(cat path5)" = irrelevant &&
 		test "$(git diff --name-only --cached HEAD)" = path5 &&
 		test $(git -C .. rev-parse HEAD) = $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+	) &&
+
+	# push into void
+	rm -fr void &&
+	git init void &&
+	(
+		cd void &&
+		git config receive.denyCurrentBranch updateInstead &&
+		write_script .git/hooks/push-to-checkout <<-\EOF
+		if git rev-parse --quiet --verify HEAD
+		then
+			has_head=yes
+			echo >&2 updating from $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+		else
+			has_head=no
+			echo >&2 pushing into void
+		fi
+		echo >&2 updating to "$1"
+
+		git update-index -q --refresh &&
+		case "$has_head" in
+		yes)
+			git read-tree -u -m HEAD "$1" ;;
+		no)
+			git read-tree -u -m "$1" ;;
+		esac || {
+			status=$?
+			echo >&2 read-tree failed
+			exit $status
+		}
+		EOF
+	) &&
+
+	git push void master &&
+	(
+		cd void &&
+		git diff --quiet &&
+		git diff --cached --quiet &&
+		test $(git -C .. rev-parse HEAD) = $(git rev-parse HEAD)
 	)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t5517-push-mirror.sh b/t/t5517-push-mirror.sh
index 12a5dfb17e..c05a661400 100755
--- a/t/t5517-push-mirror.sh
+++ b/t/t5517-push-mirror.sh
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ test_description='pushing to a mirror repository'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-D=`pwd`
+D=$(pwd)
 
 invert () {
 	if "$@"; then
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push mirror force updates existing branches' '
 		git push --mirror up &&
 		echo two >foo && git add foo && git commit -m two &&
 		git push --mirror up &&
-		git reset --hard HEAD^
+		git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
 		git push --mirror up
 	) &&
 	master_master=$(cd master && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push mirror removes branches' '
 		echo one >foo && git add foo && git commit -m one &&
 		git branch remove master &&
 		git push --mirror up &&
-		git branch -D remove
+		git branch -D remove &&
 		git push --mirror up
 	) &&
 	(
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push mirror force updates existing tags' '
 		echo two >foo && git add foo && git commit -m two &&
 		git tag -f tmaster master &&
 		git push --mirror up &&
-		git reset --hard HEAD^
+		git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
 		git tag -f tmaster master &&
 		git push --mirror up
 	) &&
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push mirror removes tags' '
 		echo one >foo && git add foo && git commit -m one &&
 		git tag -f tremove master &&
 		git push --mirror up &&
-		git tag -d tremove
+		git tag -d tremove &&
 		git push --mirror up
 	) &&
 	(
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ test_expect_success 'remote.foo.mirror adds and removes branches' '
 		git branch keep master &&
 		git branch remove master &&
 		git push up &&
-		git branch -D remove
+		git branch -D remove &&
 		git push up
 	) &&
 	(
diff --git a/t/t5520-pull.sh b/t/t5520-pull.sh
index 227d293350..5e501c8b08 100755
--- a/t/t5520-pull.sh
+++ b/t/t5520-pull.sh
@@ -9,36 +9,45 @@ modify () {
 	mv "$2.x" "$2"
 }
 
-D=`pwd`
+test_pull_autostash () {
+	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
+	echo dirty >new_file &&
+	git add new_file &&
+	git pull "$@" . copy &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^ copy &&
+	test "$(cat new_file)" = dirty &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = "modified again"
+}
 
-test_expect_success setup '
+test_pull_autostash_fail () {
+	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
+	echo dirty >new_file &&
+	git add new_file &&
+	test_must_fail git pull "$@" . copy 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "uncommitted changes." err
+}
 
+test_expect_success setup '
 	echo file >file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -a -m original
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pulling into void' '
-	mkdir cloned &&
-	cd cloned &&
-	git init &&
-	git pull ..
-'
-
-cd "$D"
-
-test_expect_success 'checking the results' '
+	git init cloned &&
+	(
+		cd cloned &&
+		git pull ..
+	) &&
 	test -f file &&
 	test -f cloned/file &&
 	test_cmp file cloned/file
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pulling into void using master:master' '
-	mkdir cloned-uho &&
+	git init cloned-uho &&
 	(
 		cd cloned-uho &&
-		git init &&
 		git pull .. master:master
 	) &&
 	test -f file &&
@@ -71,7 +80,6 @@ test_expect_success 'pulling into void does not overwrite staged files' '
 	)
 '
 
-
 test_expect_success 'pulling into void does not remove new staged files' '
 	git init cloned-staged-new &&
 	(
@@ -86,17 +94,29 @@ test_expect_success 'pulling into void does not remove new staged files' '
 	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'test . as a remote' '
+test_expect_success 'pulling into void must not create an octopus' '
+	git init cloned-octopus &&
+	(
+		cd cloned-octopus &&
+		test_must_fail git pull .. master master &&
+		! test -f file
+	)
+'
 
+test_expect_success 'test . as a remote' '
 	git branch copy master &&
 	git config branch.copy.remote . &&
 	git config branch.copy.merge refs/heads/master &&
 	echo updated >file &&
 	git commit -a -m updated &&
 	git checkout copy &&
-	test `cat file` = file &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
 	git pull &&
-	test `cat file` = updated
+	test "$(cat file)" = updated &&
+	git reflog -1 >reflog.actual &&
+	sed "s/^[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]*/OBJID/" reflog.actual >reflog.fuzzy &&
+	echo "OBJID HEAD@{0}: pull: Fast-forward" >reflog.expected &&
+	test_cmp reflog.expected reflog.fuzzy
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'the default remote . should not break explicit pull' '
@@ -105,9 +125,120 @@ test_expect_success 'the default remote . should not break explicit pull' '
 	git commit -a -m modified &&
 	git checkout copy &&
 	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
-	test `cat file` = file &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
 	git pull . second &&
-	test `cat file` = modified
+	test "$(cat file)" = modified &&
+	git reflog -1 >reflog.actual &&
+	sed "s/^[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]*/OBJID/" reflog.actual >reflog.fuzzy &&
+	echo "OBJID HEAD@{0}: pull . second: Fast-forward" >reflog.expected &&
+	test_cmp reflog.expected reflog.fuzzy
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fail if wildcard spec does not match any refs' '
+	git checkout -b test copy^ &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy && git branch -D test" &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	test_must_fail git pull . "refs/nonexisting1/*:refs/nonexisting2/*" 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "no candidates for merging" err &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fail if no branches specified with non-default remote' '
+	git remote add test_remote . &&
+	test_when_finished "git remote remove test_remote" &&
+	git checkout -b test copy^ &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy && git branch -D test" &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	test_config branch.test.remote origin &&
+	test_must_fail git pull test_remote 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "specify a branch on the command line" err &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fail if not on a branch' '
+	git remote add origin . &&
+	test_when_finished "git remote remove origin" &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy" &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	test_must_fail git pull 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "not currently on a branch" err &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fail if no configuration for current branch' '
+	git remote add test_remote . &&
+	test_when_finished "git remote remove test_remote" &&
+	git checkout -b test copy^ &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy && git branch -D test" &&
+	test_config branch.test.remote test_remote &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	test_must_fail git pull 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "no tracking information" err &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull --all: fail if no configuration for current branch' '
+	git remote add test_remote . &&
+	test_when_finished "git remote remove test_remote" &&
+	git checkout -b test copy^ &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy && git branch -D test" &&
+	test_config branch.test.remote test_remote &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	test_must_fail git pull --all 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "There is no tracking information" err &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fail if upstream branch does not exist' '
+	git checkout -b test copy^ &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy && git branch -D test" &&
+	test_config branch.test.remote . &&
+	test_config branch.test.merge refs/heads/nonexisting &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	test_must_fail git pull 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "no such ref was fetched" err &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fail if the index has unresolved entries' '
+	git checkout -b third second^ &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy && git branch -D third" &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	test_commit modified2 file &&
+	test -z "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+	test_must_fail git pull . second &&
+	test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+	cp file expected &&
+	test_must_fail git pull . second 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Pulling is not possible because you have unmerged files." err &&
+	test_cmp expected file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test -z "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+	test_must_fail git pull . second 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "You have not concluded your merge" err &&
+	test_cmp expected file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fast-forwards working tree if branch head is updated' '
+	git checkout -b third second^ &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy && git branch -D third" &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	git pull . second:third 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "fetch updated the current branch head" err &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = modified &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse third)" = "$(git rev-parse second)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fast-forward fails with conflicting work tree' '
+	git checkout -b third second^ &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy && git branch -D third" &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	echo conflict >file &&
+	test_must_fail git pull . second:third 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Cannot fast-forward your working tree" err &&
+	test "$(cat file)" = conflict &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse third)" = "$(git rev-parse second)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--rebase' '
@@ -120,23 +251,152 @@ test_expect_success '--rebase' '
 	git commit -m "new file" &&
 	git tag before-rebase &&
 	git pull --rebase . copy &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
-	test new = $(git show HEAD:file2)
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
+	test new = "$(git show HEAD:file2)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--rebase fast forward' '
+	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
+	git checkout -b ff &&
+	echo another modification >file &&
+	git commit -m third file &&
+
+	git checkout to-rebase &&
+	git pull --rebase . ff &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$(git rev-parse ff)" &&
+
+	# The above only validates the result.  Did we actually bypass rebase?
+	git reflog -1 >reflog.actual &&
+	sed "s/^[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]*/OBJID/" reflog.actual >reflog.fuzzy &&
+	echo "OBJID HEAD@{0}: pull --rebase . ff: Fast-forward" >reflog.expected &&
+	test_cmp reflog.expected reflog.fuzzy
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--rebase --autostash fast forward' '
+	test_when_finished "
+		git reset --hard
+		git checkout to-rebase
+		git branch -D to-rebase-ff
+		git branch -D behind" &&
+	git branch behind &&
+	git checkout -b to-rebase-ff &&
+	echo another modification >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m mod &&
+
+	git checkout behind &&
+	echo dirty >file &&
+	git pull --rebase --autostash . to-rebase-ff &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$(git rev-parse to-rebase-ff)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--rebase with conflicts shows advice' '
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort; git checkout -f to-rebase" &&
+	git checkout -b seq &&
+	test_seq 5 >seq.txt &&
+	git add seq.txt &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Add seq.txt" &&
+	echo 6 >>seq.txt &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Append to seq.txt" seq.txt &&
+	git checkout -b with-conflicts HEAD^ &&
+	echo conflicting >>seq.txt &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Create conflict" seq.txt &&
+	test_must_fail git pull --rebase . seq 2>err >out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Resolve all conflicts manually" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'failed --rebase shows advice' '
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort; git checkout -f to-rebase" &&
+	git checkout -b diverging &&
+	test_commit attributes .gitattributes "* text=auto" attrs &&
+	sha1="$(printf "1\\r\\n" | git hash-object -w --stdin)" &&
+	git update-index --cacheinfo 0644 $sha1 file &&
+	git commit -m v1-with-cr &&
+	# force checkout because `git reset --hard` will not leave clean `file`
+	git checkout -f -b fails-to-rebase HEAD^ &&
+	test_commit v2-without-cr file "2" file2-lf &&
+	test_must_fail git pull --rebase . diverging 2>err >out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Resolve all conflicts manually" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--rebase fails with multiple branches' '
+	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
+	test_must_fail git pull --rebase . copy master 2>err &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$(git rev-parse before-rebase)" &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches" err &&
+	test modified = "$(git show HEAD:file)"
 '
+
+test_expect_success 'pull --rebase succeeds with dirty working directory and rebase.autostash set' '
+	test_config rebase.autostash true &&
+	test_pull_autostash --rebase
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull --rebase --autostash & rebase.autostash=true' '
+	test_config rebase.autostash true &&
+	test_pull_autostash --rebase --autostash
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull --rebase --autostash & rebase.autostash=false' '
+	test_config rebase.autostash false &&
+	test_pull_autostash --rebase --autostash
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull --rebase --autostash & rebase.autostash unset' '
+	test_unconfig rebase.autostash &&
+	test_pull_autostash --rebase --autostash
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull --rebase --no-autostash & rebase.autostash=true' '
+	test_config rebase.autostash true &&
+	test_pull_autostash_fail --rebase --no-autostash
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull --rebase --no-autostash & rebase.autostash=false' '
+	test_config rebase.autostash false &&
+	test_pull_autostash_fail --rebase --no-autostash
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull --rebase --no-autostash & rebase.autostash unset' '
+	test_unconfig rebase.autostash &&
+	test_pull_autostash_fail --rebase --no-autostash
+'
+
+for i in --autostash --no-autostash
+do
+	test_expect_success "pull $i (without --rebase) is illegal" '
+		test_must_fail git pull $i . copy 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep "only valid with --rebase" err
+	'
+done
+
 test_expect_success 'pull.rebase' '
 	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase true &&
 	git pull . copy &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
-	test new = $(git show HEAD:file2)
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
+	test new = "$(git show HEAD:file2)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull --autostash & pull.rebase=true' '
+	test_config pull.rebase true &&
+	test_pull_autostash --autostash
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull --no-autostash & pull.rebase=true' '
+	test_config pull.rebase true &&
+	test_pull_autostash_fail --no-autostash
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'branch.to-rebase.rebase' '
 	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
 	test_config branch.to-rebase.rebase true &&
 	git pull . copy &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
-	test new = $(git show HEAD:file2)
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
+	test new = "$(git show HEAD:file2)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'branch.to-rebase.rebase should override pull.rebase' '
@@ -144,8 +404,24 @@ test_expect_success 'branch.to-rebase.rebase should override pull.rebase' '
 	test_config pull.rebase true &&
 	test_config branch.to-rebase.rebase false &&
 	git pull . copy &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) != $(git rev-parse copy) &&
-	test new = $(git show HEAD:file2)
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^)" != "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
+	test new = "$(git show HEAD:file2)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success "pull --rebase warns on --verify-signatures" '
+	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
+	git pull --rebase --verify-signatures . copy 2>err &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
+	test new = "$(git show HEAD:file2)" &&
+	test_i18ngrep "ignoring --verify-signatures for rebase" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "pull --rebase does not warn on --no-verify-signatures" '
+	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
+	git pull --rebase --no-verify-signatures . copy 2>err &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
+	test new = "$(git show HEAD:file2)" &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "verify-signatures" err
 '
 
 # add a feature branch, keep-merge, that is merged into master, so the
@@ -164,33 +440,55 @@ test_expect_success 'pull.rebase=false create a new merge commit' '
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase false &&
 	git pull . copy &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^1) = $(git rev-parse before-preserve-rebase) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^2) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
-	test file3 = $(git show HEAD:file3.t)
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^1)" = "$(git rev-parse before-preserve-rebase)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
+	test file3 = "$(git show HEAD:file3.t)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull.rebase=true flattens keep-merge' '
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase true &&
 	git pull . copy &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^^) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
-	test file3 = $(git show HEAD:file3.t)
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
+	test file3 = "$(git show HEAD:file3.t)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull.rebase=1 is treated as true and flattens keep-merge' '
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase 1 &&
 	git pull . copy &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^^) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
-	test file3 = $(git show HEAD:file3.t)
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
+	test file3 = "$(git show HEAD:file3.t)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull.rebase=preserve rebases and merges keep-merge' '
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase preserve &&
 	git pull . copy &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^^) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^2) = $(git rev-parse keep-merge)
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2)" = "$(git rev-parse keep-merge)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull.rebase=interactive' '
+	write_script "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/fake-editor" <<-\EOF &&
+	echo I was here >fake.out &&
+	false
+	EOF
+	test_set_editor "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/fake-editor" &&
+	test_when_finished "test_might_fail git rebase --abort" &&
+	test_must_fail git pull --rebase=interactive . copy &&
+	test "I was here" = "$(cat fake.out)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull --rebase=i' '
+	write_script "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/fake-editor" <<-\EOF &&
+	echo I was here, too >fake.out &&
+	false
+	EOF
+	test_set_editor "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/fake-editor" &&
+	test_when_finished "test_might_fail git rebase --abort" &&
+	test_must_fail git pull --rebase=i . copy &&
+	test "I was here, too" = "$(cat fake.out)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull.rebase=invalid fails' '
@@ -203,25 +501,25 @@ test_expect_success '--rebase=false create a new merge commit' '
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase true &&
 	git pull --rebase=false . copy &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^1) = $(git rev-parse before-preserve-rebase) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^2) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
-	test file3 = $(git show HEAD:file3.t)
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^1)" = "$(git rev-parse before-preserve-rebase)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
+	test file3 = "$(git show HEAD:file3.t)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--rebase=true rebases and flattens keep-merge' '
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase preserve &&
 	git pull --rebase=true . copy &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^^) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
-	test file3 = $(git show HEAD:file3.t)
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
+	test file3 = "$(git show HEAD:file3.t)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--rebase=preserve rebases and merges keep-merge' '
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase true &&
 	git pull --rebase=preserve . copy &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^^) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^2) = $(git rev-parse keep-merge)
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2)" = "$(git rev-parse keep-merge)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--rebase=invalid fails' '
@@ -233,8 +531,8 @@ test_expect_success '--rebase overrides pull.rebase=preserve and flattens keep-m
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase preserve &&
 	git pull --rebase . copy &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^^) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
-	test file3 = $(git show HEAD:file3.t)
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
+	test file3 = "$(git show HEAD:file3.t)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--rebase with rebased upstream' '
@@ -251,10 +549,18 @@ test_expect_success '--rebase with rebased upstream' '
 	git tag to-rebase-orig &&
 	git pull --rebase me copy &&
 	test "conflicting modification" = "$(cat file)" &&
-	test file = $(cat file2)
+	test file = "$(cat file2)"
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--rebase -f with rebased upstream' '
+	test_when_finished "test_might_fail git rebase --abort" &&
+	git reset --hard to-rebase-orig &&
+	git pull --rebase -f me copy &&
+	test "conflicting modification" = "$(cat file)" &&
+	test file = "$(cat file2)"
+'
+
 test_expect_success '--rebase with rebased default upstream' '
 
 	git update-ref refs/remotes/me/copy copy-orig &&
@@ -262,7 +568,7 @@ test_expect_success '--rebase with rebased default upstream' '
 	git reset --hard to-rebase-orig &&
 	git pull --rebase &&
 	test "conflicting modification" = "$(cat file)" &&
-	test file = $(cat file2)
+	test file = "$(cat file2)"
 
 '
 
@@ -283,7 +589,7 @@ test_expect_success 'pull --rebase dies early with dirty working directory' '
 
 	git checkout to-rebase &&
 	git update-ref refs/remotes/me/copy copy^ &&
-	COPY=$(git rev-parse --verify me/copy) &&
+	COPY="$(git rev-parse --verify me/copy)" &&
 	git rebase --onto $COPY copy &&
 	test_config branch.to-rebase.remote me &&
 	test_config branch.to-rebase.merge refs/heads/copy &&
@@ -291,10 +597,10 @@ test_expect_success 'pull --rebase dies early with dirty working directory' '
 	echo dirty >> file &&
 	git add file &&
 	test_must_fail git pull &&
-	test $COPY = $(git rev-parse --verify me/copy) &&
+	test "$COPY" = "$(git rev-parse --verify me/copy)" &&
 	git checkout HEAD -- file &&
 	git pull &&
-	test $COPY != $(git rev-parse --verify me/copy)
+	test "$COPY" != "$(git rev-parse --verify me/copy)"
 
 '
 
@@ -309,6 +615,33 @@ test_expect_success 'pull --rebase works on branch yet to be born' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'pull --rebase fails on unborn branch with staged changes' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf empty_repo2" &&
+	git init empty_repo2 &&
+	(
+		cd empty_repo2 &&
+		echo staged-file >staged-file &&
+		git add staged-file &&
+		test "$(git ls-files)" = staged-file &&
+		test_must_fail git pull --rebase .. master 2>err &&
+		test "$(git ls-files)" = staged-file &&
+		test "$(git show :staged-file)" = staged-file &&
+		test_i18ngrep "unborn branch with changes added to the index" err
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull --rebase fails on corrupt HEAD' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf corrupt" &&
+	git init corrupt &&
+	(
+		cd corrupt &&
+		test_commit one &&
+		obj=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD | sed "s#^..#&/#") &&
+		rm -f .git/objects/$obj &&
+		test_must_fail git pull --rebase
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup for detecting upstreamed changes' '
 	mkdir src &&
 	(cd src &&
diff --git a/t/t5521-pull-options.sh b/t/t5521-pull-options.sh
index 453aba53f4..c19d8dbc9d 100755
--- a/t/t5521-pull-options.sh
+++ b/t/t5521-pull-options.sh
@@ -117,4 +117,97 @@ test_expect_success 'git pull --all' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git pull --dry-run' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf clonedry" &&
+	git init clonedry &&
+	(
+		cd clonedry &&
+		git pull --dry-run ../parent &&
+		test_path_is_missing .git/FETCH_HEAD &&
+		test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/master &&
+		test_path_is_missing .git/index &&
+		test_path_is_missing file
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git pull --all --dry-run' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf cloneddry" &&
+	git init clonedry &&
+	(
+		cd clonedry &&
+		git remote add origin ../parent &&
+		git pull --all --dry-run &&
+		test_path_is_missing .git/FETCH_HEAD &&
+		test_path_is_missing .git/refs/remotes/origin/master &&
+		test_path_is_missing .git/index &&
+		test_path_is_missing file
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git pull --allow-unrelated-histories' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr src dst" &&
+	git init src &&
+	(
+		cd src &&
+		test_commit one &&
+		test_commit two
+	) &&
+	git clone src dst &&
+	(
+		cd src &&
+		git checkout --orphan side HEAD^ &&
+		test_commit three
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd dst &&
+		test_must_fail git pull ../src side &&
+		git pull --allow-unrelated-histories ../src side
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git pull does not add a sign-off line' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr src dst actual" &&
+	git init src &&
+	test_commit -C src one &&
+	git clone src dst &&
+	test_commit -C src two &&
+	git -C dst pull --no-ff &&
+	git -C dst show -s --pretty="format:%(trailers)" HEAD >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git pull --no-signoff does not add sign-off line' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr src dst actual" &&
+	git init src &&
+	test_commit -C src one &&
+	git clone src dst &&
+	test_commit -C src two &&
+	git -C dst pull --no-signoff --no-ff &&
+	git -C dst show -s --pretty="format:%(trailers)" HEAD >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git pull --signoff add a sign-off line' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr src dst expected actual" &&
+	echo "Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>" >expected &&
+	git init src &&
+	test_commit -C src one &&
+	git clone src dst &&
+	test_commit -C src two &&
+	git -C dst pull --signoff --no-ff &&
+	git -C dst show -s --pretty="format:%(trailers)" HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git pull --no-signoff flag cancels --signoff flag' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr src dst actual" &&
+	git init src &&
+	test_commit -C src one &&
+	git clone src dst &&
+	test_commit -C src two &&
+	git -C dst pull --signoff --no-signoff --no-ff &&
+	git -C dst show -s --pretty="format:%(trailers)" HEAD >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5522-pull-symlink.sh b/t/t5522-pull-symlink.sh
index 8e9b204e02..bcff460d0a 100755
--- a/t/t5522-pull-symlink.sh
+++ b/t/t5522-pull-symlink.sh
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'pulling from real subdir' '
 # git rev-parse --show-cdup printed a path relative to
 # clone-repo/subdir/, not subdir-link/.  Git rev-parse --show-cdup
 # used the correct .git, but when the git pull shell script did
-# "cd `git rev-parse --show-cdup`", it ended up in the wrong
+# "cd $(git rev-parse --show-cdup)", it ended up in the wrong
 # directory.  A POSIX shell's "cd" works a little differently
 # than chdir() in C; "cd -P" is much closer to chdir().
 #
diff --git a/t/t5523-push-upstream.sh b/t/t5523-push-upstream.sh
index 3683df13a6..c0df81a014 100755
--- a/t/t5523-push-upstream.sh
+++ b/t/t5523-push-upstream.sh
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ test_expect_success TTY 'progress messages go to tty' '
 	ensure_fresh_upstream &&
 
 	test_terminal git push -u upstream master >out 2>err &&
-	grep "Writing objects" err
+	test_i18ngrep "Writing objects" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'progress messages do not go to non-tty' '
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ test_expect_success 'progress messages do not go to non-tty' '
 
 	# skip progress messages, since stderr is non-tty
 	git push -u upstream master >out 2>err &&
-	! grep "Writing objects" err
+	test_i18ngrep ! "Writing objects" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'progress messages go to non-tty (forced)' '
@@ -91,29 +91,29 @@ test_expect_success 'progress messages go to non-tty (forced)' '
 
 	# force progress messages to stderr, even though it is non-tty
 	git push -u --progress upstream master >out 2>err &&
-	grep "Writing objects" err
+	test_i18ngrep "Writing objects" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success TTY 'push -q suppresses progress' '
 	ensure_fresh_upstream &&
 
 	test_terminal git push -u -q upstream master >out 2>err &&
-	! grep "Writing objects" err
+	test_i18ngrep ! "Writing objects" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success TTY 'push --no-progress suppresses progress' '
 	ensure_fresh_upstream &&
 
 	test_terminal git push -u --no-progress upstream master >out 2>err &&
-	! grep "Unpacking objects" err &&
-	! grep "Writing objects" err
+	test_i18ngrep ! "Unpacking objects" err &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "Writing objects" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success TTY 'quiet push' '
 	ensure_fresh_upstream &&
 
 	test_terminal git push --quiet --no-progress upstream master 2>&1 | tee output &&
-	test_cmp /dev/null output
+	test_must_be_empty output
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5524-pull-msg.sh b/t/t5524-pull-msg.sh
index 8cccecc2fc..c278adaa5a 100755
--- a/t/t5524-pull-msg.sh
+++ b/t/t5524-pull-msg.sh
@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 		git commit -m "add bfile"
 	) &&
 	test_tick && test_tick &&
+	echo "second" >afile &&
+	git add afile &&
+	git commit -m "second commit" &&
 	echo "original $dollar" >afile &&
 	git add afile &&
 	git commit -m "do not clobber $dollar signs"
@@ -32,4 +35,18 @@ test_expect_success pull '
 )
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--log=1 limits shortlog length' '
+(
+	cd cloned &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	test "$(cat afile)" = original &&
+	test "$(cat bfile)" = added &&
+	git pull --log=1 &&
+	git log -3 &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >result &&
+	grep Dollar result &&
+	! grep "second commit" result
+)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5526-fetch-submodules.sh b/t/t5526-fetch-submodules.sh
index a4532b00d6..6c2f9b2ba2 100755
--- a/t/t5526-fetch-submodules.sh
+++ b/t/t5526-fetch-submodules.sh
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@ add_upstream_commit() {
 		git add subfile &&
 		git commit -m new subfile &&
 		head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
-		echo "From $pwd/submodule" > ../expect.err &&
+		echo "Fetching submodule submodule" > ../expect.err &&
+		echo "From $pwd/submodule" >> ../expect.err &&
 		echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> ../expect.err
 	) &&
 	(
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ add_upstream_commit() {
 		git add deepsubfile &&
 		git commit -m new deepsubfile &&
 		head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+		echo "Fetching submodule submodule/subdir/deepsubmodule" >> ../expect.err
 		echo "From $pwd/deepsubmodule" >> ../expect.err &&
 		echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> ../expect.err
 	)
@@ -56,9 +58,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	(
 		cd downstream &&
 		git submodule update --init --recursive
-	) &&
-	echo "Fetching submodule submodule" > expect.out &&
-	echo "Fetching submodule submodule/subdir/deepsubmodule" >> expect.out
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success "fetch --recurse-submodules recurses into submodules" '
@@ -67,18 +67,39 @@ test_expect_success "fetch --recurse-submodules recurses into submodules" '
 		cd downstream &&
 		git fetch --recurse-submodules >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "submodule.recurse option triggers recursive fetch" '
+	add_upstream_commit &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git -c submodule.recurse fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
 '
 
+test_expect_success "fetch --recurse-submodules -j2 has the same output behaviour" '
+	add_upstream_commit &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		GIT_TRACE="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace.out" git fetch --recurse-submodules -j2 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err &&
+	grep "2 tasks" trace.out
+'
+
 test_expect_success "fetch alone only fetches superproject" '
 	add_upstream_commit &&
 	(
 		cd downstream &&
 		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
-	! test -s actual.out &&
-	! test -s actual.err
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.err
 '
 
 test_expect_success "fetch --no-recurse-submodules only fetches superproject" '
@@ -86,8 +107,8 @@ test_expect_success "fetch --no-recurse-submodules only fetches superproject" '
 		cd downstream &&
 		git fetch --no-recurse-submodules >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
-	! test -s actual.out &&
-	! test -s actual.err
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.err
 '
 
 test_expect_success "using fetchRecurseSubmodules=true in .gitmodules recurses into submodules" '
@@ -96,7 +117,7 @@ test_expect_success "using fetchRecurseSubmodules=true in .gitmodules recurses i
 		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.submodule.fetchRecurseSubmodules true &&
 		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
 '
 
@@ -106,8 +127,8 @@ test_expect_success "--no-recurse-submodules overrides .gitmodules config" '
 		cd downstream &&
 		git fetch --no-recurse-submodules >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
-	! test -s actual.out &&
-	! test -s actual.err
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.err
 '
 
 test_expect_success "using fetchRecurseSubmodules=false in .git/config overrides setting in .gitmodules" '
@@ -116,8 +137,8 @@ test_expect_success "using fetchRecurseSubmodules=false in .git/config overrides
 		git config submodule.submodule.fetchRecurseSubmodules false &&
 		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
-	! test -s actual.out &&
-	! test -s actual.err
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.err
 '
 
 test_expect_success "--recurse-submodules overrides fetchRecurseSubmodules setting from .git/config" '
@@ -127,7 +148,7 @@ test_expect_success "--recurse-submodules overrides fetchRecurseSubmodules setti
 		git config --unset -f .gitmodules submodule.submodule.fetchRecurseSubmodules &&
 		git config --unset submodule.submodule.fetchRecurseSubmodules
 	) &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
 '
 
@@ -136,8 +157,17 @@ test_expect_success "--quiet propagates to submodules" '
 		cd downstream &&
 		git fetch --recurse-submodules --quiet >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
-	! test -s actual.out &&
-	! test -s actual.err
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success "--quiet propagates to parallel submodules" '
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules -j 2 --quiet  >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
+	) &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.err
 '
 
 test_expect_success "--dry-run propagates to submodules" '
@@ -146,7 +176,7 @@ test_expect_success "--dry-run propagates to submodules" '
 		cd downstream &&
 		git fetch --recurse-submodules --dry-run >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
 '
 
@@ -155,7 +185,7 @@ test_expect_success "Without --dry-run propagates to submodules" '
 		cd downstream &&
 		git fetch --recurse-submodules >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
 '
 
@@ -163,10 +193,10 @@ test_expect_success "recurseSubmodules=true propagates into submodules" '
 	add_upstream_commit &&
 	(
 		cd downstream &&
-		git config fetch.recurseSubmodules true
+		git config fetch.recurseSubmodules true &&
 		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
 '
 
@@ -180,7 +210,7 @@ test_expect_success "--recurse-submodules overrides config in submodule" '
 		) &&
 		git fetch --recurse-submodules >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
 '
 
@@ -188,11 +218,11 @@ test_expect_success "--no-recurse-submodules overrides config setting" '
 	add_upstream_commit &&
 	(
 		cd downstream &&
-		git config fetch.recurseSubmodules true
+		git config fetch.recurseSubmodules true &&
 		git fetch --no-recurse-submodules >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
-	! test -s actual.out &&
-	! test -s actual.err
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.err
 '
 
 test_expect_success "Recursion doesn't happen when no new commits are fetched in the superproject" '
@@ -202,11 +232,11 @@ test_expect_success "Recursion doesn't happen when no new commits are fetched in
 			cd submodule &&
 			git config --unset fetch.recurseSubmodules
 		) &&
-		git config --unset fetch.recurseSubmodules
+		git config --unset fetch.recurseSubmodules &&
 		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
-	! test -s actual.out &&
-	! test -s actual.err
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.err
 '
 
 test_expect_success "Recursion stops when no new submodule commits are fetched" '
@@ -214,16 +244,15 @@ test_expect_success "Recursion stops when no new submodule commits are fetched"
 	git add submodule &&
 	git commit -m "new submodule" &&
 	head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
-	echo "Fetching submodule submodule" > expect.out.sub &&
 	echo "From $pwd/." > expect.err.sub &&
 	echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >>expect.err.sub &&
-	head -2 expect.err >> expect.err.sub &&
+	head -3 expect.err >> expect.err.sub &&
 	(
 		cd downstream &&
 		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect.err.sub actual.err &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect.out.sub actual.out
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out
 '
 
 test_expect_success "Recursion doesn't happen when new superproject commits don't change any submodules" '
@@ -239,7 +268,7 @@ test_expect_success "Recursion doesn't happen when new superproject commits don'
 		cd downstream &&
 		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
-	! test -s actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect.err.file actual.err
 '
 
@@ -269,7 +298,7 @@ test_expect_success "Recursion picks up config in submodule" '
 		)
 	) &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect.err.sub actual.err &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out
 '
 
 test_expect_success "Recursion picks up all submodules when necessary" '
@@ -283,9 +312,10 @@ test_expect_success "Recursion picks up all submodules when necessary" '
 		) &&
 		head1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD^) &&
 		git add subdir/deepsubmodule &&
-		git commit -m "new deepsubmodule"
+		git commit -m "new deepsubmodule" &&
 		head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
-		echo "From $pwd/submodule" > ../expect.err.sub &&
+		echo "Fetching submodule submodule" > ../expect.err.sub &&
+		echo "From $pwd/submodule" >> ../expect.err.sub &&
 		echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> ../expect.err.sub
 	) &&
 	head1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
@@ -295,13 +325,13 @@ test_expect_success "Recursion picks up all submodules when necessary" '
 	echo "From $pwd/." > expect.err.2 &&
 	echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> expect.err.2 &&
 	cat expect.err.sub >> expect.err.2 &&
-	tail -2 expect.err >> expect.err.2 &&
+	tail -3 expect.err >> expect.err.2 &&
 	(
 		cd downstream &&
 		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect.err.2 actual.err &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out
 '
 
 test_expect_success "'--recurse-submodules=on-demand' doesn't recurse when no new commits are fetched in the superproject (and ignores config)" '
@@ -317,7 +347,8 @@ test_expect_success "'--recurse-submodules=on-demand' doesn't recurse when no ne
 		git add subdir/deepsubmodule &&
 		git commit -m "new deepsubmodule" &&
 		head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
-		echo "From $pwd/submodule" > ../expect.err.sub &&
+		echo Fetching submodule submodule > ../expect.err.sub &&
+		echo "From $pwd/submodule" >> ../expect.err.sub &&
 		echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >> ../expect.err.sub
 	) &&
 	(
@@ -326,8 +357,8 @@ test_expect_success "'--recurse-submodules=on-demand' doesn't recurse when no ne
 		git fetch --recurse-submodules=on-demand >../actual.out 2>../actual.err &&
 		git config --unset fetch.recurseSubmodules
 	) &&
-	! test -s actual.out &&
-	! test -s actual.err
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.err
 '
 
 test_expect_success "'--recurse-submodules=on-demand' recurses as deep as necessary (and ignores config)" '
@@ -335,7 +366,7 @@ test_expect_success "'--recurse-submodules=on-demand' recurses as deep as necess
 	git add submodule &&
 	git commit -m "new submodule" &&
 	head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
-	tail -2 expect.err > expect.err.deepsub &&
+	tail -3 expect.err > expect.err.deepsub &&
 	echo "From $pwd/." > expect.err &&
 	echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >>expect.err &&
 	cat expect.err.sub >> expect.err &&
@@ -348,13 +379,13 @@ test_expect_success "'--recurse-submodules=on-demand' recurses as deep as necess
 			git config -f .gitmodules submodule.subdir/deepsubmodule.fetchRecursive false
 		) &&
 		git fetch --recurse-submodules=on-demand >../actual.out 2>../actual.err &&
-		git config --unset fetch.recurseSubmodules
+		git config --unset fetch.recurseSubmodules &&
 		(
 			cd submodule &&
 			git config --unset -f .gitmodules submodule.subdir/deepsubmodule.fetchRecursive
 		)
 	) &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
 '
 
@@ -371,7 +402,7 @@ test_expect_success "'--recurse-submodules=on-demand' stops when no new submodul
 		cd downstream &&
 		git fetch --recurse-submodules=on-demand >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
-	! test -s actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect.err.file actual.err
 '
 
@@ -388,7 +419,7 @@ test_expect_success "'fetch.recurseSubmodules=on-demand' overrides global config
 	head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
 	echo "From $pwd/." > expect.err.2 &&
 	echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >>expect.err.2 &&
-	head -2 expect.err >> expect.err.2 &&
+	head -3 expect.err >> expect.err.2 &&
 	(
 		cd downstream &&
 		git config fetch.recurseSubmodules on-demand &&
@@ -399,7 +430,7 @@ test_expect_success "'fetch.recurseSubmodules=on-demand' overrides global config
 		cd downstream &&
 		git config --unset fetch.recurseSubmodules
 	) &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect.out.sub actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect.err.2 actual.err
 '
 
@@ -416,7 +447,7 @@ test_expect_success "'submodule.<sub>.fetchRecurseSubmodules=on-demand' override
 	head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
 	echo "From $pwd/." > expect.err.2 &&
 	echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >>expect.err.2 &&
-	head -2 expect.err >> expect.err.2 &&
+	head -3 expect.err >> expect.err.2 &&
 	(
 		cd downstream &&
 		git config submodule.submodule.fetchRecurseSubmodules on-demand &&
@@ -427,7 +458,7 @@ test_expect_success "'submodule.<sub>.fetchRecurseSubmodules=on-demand' override
 		cd downstream &&
 		git config --unset submodule.submodule.fetchRecurseSubmodules
 	) &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect.out.sub actual.out &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect.err.2 actual.err
 '
 
@@ -446,8 +477,127 @@ test_expect_success "don't fetch submodule when newly recorded commits are alrea
 		cd downstream &&
 		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err
 	) &&
-	! test -s actual.out &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err actual.err &&
+	(
+		cd submodule &&
+		git checkout -q master
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success "'fetch.recurseSubmodules=on-demand' works also without .gitmodules entry" '
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules
+	) &&
+	add_upstream_commit &&
+	head1=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	git add submodule &&
+	git rm .gitmodules &&
+	git commit -m "new submodule without .gitmodules" &&
+	head2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	echo "From $pwd/." >expect.err.2 &&
+	echo "   $head1..$head2  master     -> origin/master" >>expect.err.2 &&
+	head -3 expect.err >>expect.err.2 &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		rm .gitmodules &&
+		git config fetch.recurseSubmodules on-demand &&
+		# fake submodule configuration to avoid skipping submodule handling
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.fake.path fake &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.fake.url fakeurl &&
+		git add .gitmodules &&
+		git config --unset submodule.submodule.url &&
+		git fetch >../actual.out 2>../actual.err &&
+		# cleanup
+		git config --unset fetch.recurseSubmodules &&
+		git reset --hard
+	) &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.out &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err.2 actual.err &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ -- .gitmodules &&
+	git add .gitmodules &&
+	git commit -m "new submodule restored .gitmodules"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetching submodules respects parallel settings' '
+	git config fetch.recurseSubmodules true &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		GIT_TRACE=$(pwd)/trace.out git fetch --jobs 7 &&
+		grep "7 tasks" trace.out &&
+		git config submodule.fetchJobs 8 &&
+		GIT_TRACE=$(pwd)/trace.out git fetch &&
+		grep "8 tasks" trace.out &&
+		GIT_TRACE=$(pwd)/trace.out git fetch --jobs 9 &&
+		grep "9 tasks" trace.out
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetching submodule into a broken repository' '
+	# Prepare src and src/sub nested in it
+	git init src &&
+	(
+		cd src &&
+		git init sub &&
+		git -C sub commit --allow-empty -m "initial in sub" &&
+		git submodule add -- ./sub sub &&
+		git commit -m "initial in top"
+	) &&
+
+	# Clone the old-fashoned way
+	git clone src dst &&
+	git -C dst clone ../src/sub sub &&
+
+	# Make sure that old-fashoned layout is still supported
+	git -C dst status &&
+
+	# "diff" would find no change
+	git -C dst diff --exit-code &&
+
+	# Recursive-fetch works fine
+	git -C dst fetch --recurse-submodules &&
+
+	# Break the receiving submodule
+	rm -f dst/sub/.git/HEAD &&
+
+	# NOTE: without the fix the following tests will recurse forever!
+	# They should terminate with an error.
+
+	test_must_fail git -C dst status &&
+	test_must_fail git -C dst diff &&
+	test_must_fail git -C dst fetch --recurse-submodules
+'
+
+test_expect_success "fetch new commits when submodule got renamed" '
+	git clone . downstream_rename &&
+	(
+		cd downstream_rename &&
+		git submodule update --init --recursive &&
+		git checkout -b rename &&
+		git mv submodule submodule_renamed &&
+		(
+			cd submodule_renamed &&
+			git checkout -b rename_sub &&
+			echo a >a &&
+			git add a &&
+			git commit -ma &&
+			git push origin rename_sub &&
+			git rev-parse HEAD >../../expect
+		) &&
+		git add submodule_renamed &&
+		git commit -m "update renamed submodule" &&
+		git push origin rename
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd downstream &&
+		git fetch --recurse-submodules=on-demand &&
+		(
+			cd submodule &&
+			git rev-parse origin/rename_sub >../../actual
+		)
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5527-fetch-odd-refs.sh b/t/t5527-fetch-odd-refs.sh
index 207899a99f..3b0cb98422 100755
--- a/t/t5527-fetch-odd-refs.sh
+++ b/t/t5527-fetch-odd-refs.sh
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ test_expect_success 'suffix ref is ignored during fetch' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'try to create repo with absurdly long refname' '
-	ref240=$_z40/$_z40/$_z40/$_z40/$_z40/$_z40 &&
+	ref240=$ZERO_OID/$ZERO_OID/$ZERO_OID/$ZERO_OID/$ZERO_OID/$ZERO_OID &&
 	ref1440=$ref240/$ref240/$ref240/$ref240/$ref240/$ref240 &&
 	git init long &&
 	(
diff --git a/t/t5528-push-default.sh b/t/t5528-push-default.sh
index cc7451908b..44309566f1 100755
--- a/t/t5528-push-default.sh
+++ b/t/t5528-push-default.sh
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ check_pushed_commit () {
 # $2 = expected target branch for the push
 # $3 = [optional] repo to check for actual output (repo1 by default)
 test_push_success () {
-	git ${1:+-c push.default="$1"} push &&
+	git ${1:+-c} ${1:+push.default="$1"} push &&
 	check_pushed_commit HEAD "$2" "$3"
 }
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ test_push_success () {
 # check that push fails and does not modify any remote branch
 test_push_failure () {
 	git --git-dir=repo1 log --no-walk --format='%h %s' --all >expect &&
-	test_must_fail git ${1:+-c push.default="$1"} push &&
+	test_must_fail git ${1:+-c} ${1:+push.default="$1"} push &&
 	git --git-dir=repo1 log --no-walk --format='%h %s' --all >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 }
@@ -98,6 +98,16 @@ test_expect_success 'push from/to new branch with upstream, matching and simple'
 	test_push_failure upstream
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'push ambiguously named branch with upstream, matching and simple' '
+	git checkout -b ambiguous &&
+	test_config branch.ambiguous.remote parent1 &&
+	test_config branch.ambiguous.merge refs/heads/ambiguous &&
+	git tag ambiguous &&
+	test_push_success simple ambiguous &&
+	test_push_success matching ambiguous &&
+	test_push_success upstream ambiguous
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'push from/to new branch with current creates remote branch' '
 	test_config branch.new-branch.remote repo1 &&
 	git checkout new-branch &&
diff --git a/t/t5530-upload-pack-error.sh b/t/t5530-upload-pack-error.sh
index 3932e797f7..4f6e32b04c 100755
--- a/t/t5530-upload-pack-error.sh
+++ b/t/t5530-upload-pack-error.sh
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ test_description='errors in upload-pack'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-D=`pwd`
+D=$(pwd)
 
 corrupt_repo () {
 	object_sha1=$(git rev-parse "$1") &&
diff --git a/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh b/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh
index 6507487c1a..e2c37fd978 100755
--- a/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh
+++ b/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='unpack-objects'
+test_description='test push with submodules'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success push '
+test_expect_success 'push works with recorded gitlink' '
 	(
 		cd work &&
 		git push ../pub.git master
@@ -64,7 +64,12 @@ test_expect_success 'push fails if submodule commit not on remote' '
 		cd work &&
 		git add gar/bage &&
 		git commit -m "Third commit for gar/bage" &&
-		test_must_fail git push --recurse-submodules=check ../pub.git master
+		# the push should fail with --recurse-submodules=check
+		# on the command line...
+		test_must_fail git push --recurse-submodules=check ../pub.git master &&
+
+		# ...or if specified in the configuration..
+		test_must_fail git -c push.recurseSubmodules=check push ../pub.git master
 	)
 '
 
@@ -79,6 +84,247 @@ test_expect_success 'push succeeds after commit was pushed to remote' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'push succeeds if submodule commit not on remote but using on-demand on command line' '
+	(
+		cd work/gar/bage &&
+		>recurse-on-demand-on-command-line &&
+		git add recurse-on-demand-on-command-line &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse on-demand on command line junk"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		git add gar/bage &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse on-demand on command line for gar/bage" &&
+		git push --recurse-submodules=on-demand ../pub.git master &&
+		# Check that the supermodule commit got there
+		git fetch ../pub.git &&
+		git diff --quiet FETCH_HEAD master &&
+		# Check that the submodule commit got there too
+		cd gar/bage &&
+		git diff --quiet origin/master master
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push succeeds if submodule commit not on remote but using on-demand from config' '
+	(
+		cd work/gar/bage &&
+		>recurse-on-demand-from-config &&
+		git add recurse-on-demand-from-config &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse on-demand from config junk"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		git add gar/bage &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse on-demand from config for gar/bage" &&
+		git -c push.recurseSubmodules=on-demand push ../pub.git master &&
+		# Check that the supermodule commit got there
+		git fetch ../pub.git &&
+		git diff --quiet FETCH_HEAD master &&
+		# Check that the submodule commit got there too
+		cd gar/bage &&
+		git diff --quiet origin/master master
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push succeeds if submodule commit not on remote but using auto-on-demand via submodule.recurse config' '
+	(
+		cd work/gar/bage &&
+		>recurse-on-demand-from-submodule-recurse-config &&
+		git add recurse-on-demand-from-submodule-recurse-config &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse submodule.recurse from config junk"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		git add gar/bage &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse submodule.recurse from config for gar/bage" &&
+		git -c submodule.recurse push ../pub.git master &&
+		# Check that the supermodule commit got there
+		git fetch ../pub.git &&
+		git diff --quiet FETCH_HEAD master &&
+		# Check that the submodule commit got there too
+		cd gar/bage &&
+		git diff --quiet origin/master master
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push recurse-submodules on command line overrides config' '
+	(
+		cd work/gar/bage &&
+		>recurse-check-on-command-line-overriding-config &&
+		git add recurse-check-on-command-line-overriding-config &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse on command-line overriding config junk"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		git add gar/bage &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse on command-line overriding config for gar/bage" &&
+
+		# Ensure that we can override on-demand in the config
+		# to just check submodules
+		test_must_fail git -c push.recurseSubmodules=on-demand push --recurse-submodules=check ../pub.git master &&
+		# Check that the supermodule commit did not get there
+		git fetch ../pub.git &&
+		git diff --quiet FETCH_HEAD master^ &&
+		# Check that the submodule commit did not get there
+		(cd gar/bage && git diff --quiet origin/master master^) &&
+
+		# Ensure that we can override check in the config to
+		# disable submodule recursion entirely
+		(cd gar/bage && git diff --quiet origin/master master^) &&
+		git -c push.recurseSubmodules=on-demand push --recurse-submodules=no ../pub.git master &&
+		git fetch ../pub.git &&
+		git diff --quiet FETCH_HEAD master &&
+		(cd gar/bage && git diff --quiet origin/master master^) &&
+
+		# Ensure that we can override check in the config to
+		# disable submodule recursion entirely (alternative form)
+		git -c push.recurseSubmodules=on-demand push --no-recurse-submodules ../pub.git master &&
+		git fetch ../pub.git &&
+		git diff --quiet FETCH_HEAD master &&
+		(cd gar/bage && git diff --quiet origin/master master^) &&
+
+		# Ensure that we can override check in the config to
+		# push the submodule too
+		git -c push.recurseSubmodules=check push --recurse-submodules=on-demand ../pub.git master &&
+		git fetch ../pub.git &&
+		git diff --quiet FETCH_HEAD master &&
+		(cd gar/bage && git diff --quiet origin/master master)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push recurse-submodules last one wins on command line' '
+	(
+		cd work/gar/bage &&
+		>recurse-check-on-command-line-overriding-earlier-command-line &&
+		git add recurse-check-on-command-line-overriding-earlier-command-line &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse on command-line overridiing earlier command-line junk"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		git add gar/bage &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse on command-line overriding earlier command-line for gar/bage" &&
+
+		# should result in "check"
+		test_must_fail git push --recurse-submodules=on-demand --recurse-submodules=check ../pub.git master &&
+		# Check that the supermodule commit did not get there
+		git fetch ../pub.git &&
+		git diff --quiet FETCH_HEAD master^ &&
+		# Check that the submodule commit did not get there
+		(cd gar/bage && git diff --quiet origin/master master^) &&
+
+		# should result in "no"
+		git push --recurse-submodules=on-demand --recurse-submodules=no ../pub.git master &&
+		# Check that the supermodule commit did get there
+		git fetch ../pub.git &&
+		git diff --quiet FETCH_HEAD master &&
+		# Check that the submodule commit did not get there
+		(cd gar/bage && git diff --quiet origin/master master^) &&
+
+		# should result in "no"
+		git push --recurse-submodules=on-demand --no-recurse-submodules ../pub.git master &&
+		# Check that the submodule commit did not get there
+		(cd gar/bage && git diff --quiet origin/master master^) &&
+
+		# But the options in the other order should push the submodule
+		git push --recurse-submodules=check --recurse-submodules=on-demand ../pub.git master &&
+		# Check that the submodule commit did get there
+		git fetch ../pub.git &&
+		(cd gar/bage && git diff --quiet origin/master master)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push succeeds if submodule commit not on remote using on-demand from cmdline overriding config' '
+	(
+		cd work/gar/bage &&
+		>recurse-on-demand-on-command-line-overriding-config &&
+		git add recurse-on-demand-on-command-line-overriding-config &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse on-demand on command-line overriding config junk"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		git add gar/bage &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse on-demand on command-line overriding config for gar/bage" &&
+		git -c push.recurseSubmodules=check push --recurse-submodules=on-demand ../pub.git master &&
+		# Check that the supermodule commit got there
+		git fetch ../pub.git &&
+		git diff --quiet FETCH_HEAD master &&
+		# Check that the submodule commit got there
+		cd gar/bage &&
+		git diff --quiet origin/master master
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push succeeds if submodule commit disabling recursion from cmdline overriding config' '
+	(
+		cd work/gar/bage &&
+		>recurse-disable-on-command-line-overriding-config &&
+		git add recurse-disable-on-command-line-overriding-config &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse disable on command-line overriding config junk"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		git add gar/bage &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse disable on command-line overriding config for gar/bage" &&
+		git -c push.recurseSubmodules=check push --recurse-submodules=no ../pub.git master &&
+		# Check that the supermodule commit got there
+		git fetch ../pub.git &&
+		git diff --quiet FETCH_HEAD master &&
+		# But that the submodule commit did not
+		( cd gar/bage && git diff --quiet origin/master master^ ) &&
+		# Now push it to avoid confusing future tests
+		git push --recurse-submodules=on-demand ../pub.git master
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push succeeds if submodule commit disabling recursion from cmdline (alternative form) overriding config' '
+	(
+		cd work/gar/bage &&
+		>recurse-disable-on-command-line-alt-overriding-config &&
+		git add recurse-disable-on-command-line-alt-overriding-config &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse disable on command-line alternative overriding config junk"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		git add gar/bage &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse disable on command-line alternative overriding config for gar/bage" &&
+		git -c push.recurseSubmodules=check push --no-recurse-submodules ../pub.git master &&
+		# Check that the supermodule commit got there
+		git fetch ../pub.git &&
+		git diff --quiet FETCH_HEAD master &&
+		# But that the submodule commit did not
+		( cd gar/bage && git diff --quiet origin/master master^ ) &&
+		# Now push it to avoid confusing future tests
+		git push --recurse-submodules=on-demand ../pub.git master
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule entry pointing at a tag is error' '
+	git -C work/gar/bage tag -a test1 -m "tag" &&
+	tag=$(git -C work/gar/bage rev-parse test1^{tag}) &&
+	git -C work update-index --cacheinfo 160000 "$tag" gar/bage &&
+	git -C work commit -m "bad commit" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C work reset --hard HEAD^" &&
+	test_must_fail git -C work push --recurse-submodules=on-demand ../pub.git master 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "is a tag, not a commit" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push fails if recurse submodules option passed as yes' '
+	(
+		cd work/gar/bage &&
+		>recurse-push-fails-if-recurse-submodules-passed-as-yes &&
+		git add recurse-push-fails-if-recurse-submodules-passed-as-yes &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse push fails if recurse submodules option passed as yes"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		git add gar/bage &&
+		git commit -m "Recurse push fails if recurse submodules option passed as yes for gar/bage" &&
+		test_must_fail git push --recurse-submodules=yes ../pub.git master &&
+		test_must_fail git -c push.recurseSubmodules=yes push ../pub.git master &&
+		git push --recurse-submodules=on-demand ../pub.git master
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'push fails when commit on multiple branches if one branch has no remote' '
 	(
 		cd work/gar/bage &&
@@ -108,7 +354,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push succeeds if submodule has no remote and is on the firs
 	git clone a a1 &&
 	(
 		cd a1 &&
-		git init b
+		git init b &&
 		(
 			cd b &&
 			>junk &&
@@ -212,7 +458,127 @@ test_expect_success 'push unpushable submodule recursively fails' '
 		cd submodule.git &&
 		git rev-parse master >../actual
 	) &&
+	test_when_finished git -C work reset --hard master^ &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'push --dry-run does not recursively update submodules' '
+	(
+		cd work/gar/bage &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		git rev-parse master >../../../expected_submodule &&
+		> junk9 &&
+		git add junk9 &&
+		git commit -m "Ninth junk" &&
+
+		# Go up to 'work' directory
+		cd ../.. &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		git rev-parse master >../expected_pub &&
+		git add gar/bage &&
+		git commit -m "Ninth commit for gar/bage" &&
+		git push --dry-run --recurse-submodules=on-demand ../pub.git master
+	) &&
+	git -C submodule.git rev-parse master >actual_submodule &&
+	git -C pub.git rev-parse master >actual_pub &&
+	test_cmp expected_pub actual_pub &&
+	test_cmp expected_submodule actual_submodule
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push --dry-run does not recursively update submodules' '
+	git -C work push --dry-run --recurse-submodules=only ../pub.git master &&
+
+	git -C submodule.git rev-parse master >actual_submodule &&
+	git -C pub.git rev-parse master >actual_pub &&
+	test_cmp expected_pub actual_pub &&
+	test_cmp expected_submodule actual_submodule
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push only unpushed submodules recursively' '
+	git -C work/gar/bage rev-parse master >expected_submodule &&
+	git -C pub.git rev-parse master >expected_pub &&
+
+	git -C work push --recurse-submodules=only ../pub.git master &&
+
+	git -C submodule.git rev-parse master >actual_submodule &&
+	git -C pub.git rev-parse master >actual_pub &&
+	test_cmp expected_submodule actual_submodule &&
+	test_cmp expected_pub actual_pub
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push propagating the remotes name to a submodule' '
+	git -C work remote add origin ../pub.git &&
+	git -C work remote add pub ../pub.git &&
+
+	> work/gar/bage/junk10 &&
+	git -C work/gar/bage add junk10 &&
+	git -C work/gar/bage commit -m "Tenth junk" &&
+	git -C work add gar/bage &&
+	git -C work commit -m "Tenth junk added to gar/bage" &&
+
+	# Fails when submodule does not have a matching remote
+	test_must_fail git -C work push --recurse-submodules=on-demand pub master &&
+	# Succeeds when submodules has matching remote and refspec
+	git -C work push --recurse-submodules=on-demand origin master &&
+
+	git -C submodule.git rev-parse master >actual_submodule &&
+	git -C pub.git rev-parse master >actual_pub &&
+	git -C work/gar/bage rev-parse master >expected_submodule &&
+	git -C work rev-parse master >expected_pub &&
+	test_cmp expected_submodule actual_submodule &&
+	test_cmp expected_pub actual_pub
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push propagating refspec to a submodule' '
+	> work/gar/bage/junk11 &&
+	git -C work/gar/bage add junk11 &&
+	git -C work/gar/bage commit -m "Eleventh junk" &&
+
+	git -C work checkout branch2 &&
+	git -C work add gar/bage &&
+	git -C work commit -m "updating gar/bage in branch2" &&
+
+	# Fails when submodule does not have a matching branch
+	test_must_fail git -C work push --recurse-submodules=on-demand origin branch2 &&
+	# Fails when refspec includes an object id
+	test_must_fail git -C work push --recurse-submodules=on-demand origin \
+		"$(git -C work rev-parse branch2):refs/heads/branch2" &&
+	# Fails when refspec includes HEAD and parent and submodule do not
+	# have the same named branch checked out
+	test_must_fail git -C work push --recurse-submodules=on-demand origin \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/branch2 &&
+
+	git -C work/gar/bage branch branch2 master &&
+	git -C work push --recurse-submodules=on-demand origin branch2 &&
+
+	git -C submodule.git rev-parse branch2 >actual_submodule &&
+	git -C pub.git rev-parse branch2 >actual_pub &&
+	git -C work/gar/bage rev-parse branch2 >expected_submodule &&
+	git -C work rev-parse branch2 >expected_pub &&
+	test_cmp expected_submodule actual_submodule &&
+	test_cmp expected_pub actual_pub
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push propagating HEAD refspec to a submodule' '
+	git -C work/gar/bage checkout branch2 &&
+	> work/gar/bage/junk12 &&
+	git -C work/gar/bage add junk12 &&
+	git -C work/gar/bage commit -m "Twelfth junk" &&
+
+	git -C work checkout branch2 &&
+	git -C work add gar/bage &&
+	git -C work commit -m "updating gar/bage in branch2" &&
+
+	# Passes since the superproject and submodules HEAD are both on branch2
+	git -C work push --recurse-submodules=on-demand origin \
+		HEAD:refs/heads/branch2 &&
+
+	git -C submodule.git rev-parse branch2 >actual_submodule &&
+	git -C pub.git rev-parse branch2 >actual_pub &&
+	git -C work/gar/bage rev-parse branch2 >expected_submodule &&
+	git -C work rev-parse branch2 >expected_pub &&
+	test_cmp expected_submodule actual_submodule &&
+	test_cmp expected_pub actual_pub
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5532-fetch-proxy.sh b/t/t5532-fetch-proxy.sh
index 5531bd1af4..9c2798603b 100755
--- a/t/t5532-fetch-proxy.sh
+++ b/t/t5532-fetch-proxy.sh
@@ -12,10 +12,8 @@ test_expect_success 'setup remote repo' '
 	)
 '
 
-cat >proxy <<'EOF'
-#!/bin/sh
-echo >&2 "proxying for $*"
-cmd=`"$PERL_PATH" -e '
+test_expect_success 'setup proxy script' '
+	write_script proxy-get-cmd "$PERL_PATH" <<-\EOF &&
 	read(STDIN, $buf, 4);
 	my $n = hex($buf) - 4;
 	read(STDIN, $buf, $n);
@@ -23,11 +21,16 @@ cmd=`"$PERL_PATH" -e '
 	# drop absolute-path on repo name
 	$cmd =~ s{ /}{ };
 	print $cmd;
-'`
-echo >&2 "Running '$cmd'"
-exec $cmd
-EOF
-chmod +x proxy
+	EOF
+
+	write_script proxy <<-\EOF
+	echo >&2 "proxying for $*"
+	cmd=$(./proxy-get-cmd)
+	echo >&2 "Running $cmd"
+	exec $cmd
+	EOF
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup local repo' '
 	git remote add fake git://example.com/remote &&
 	git config core.gitproxy ./proxy
@@ -40,4 +43,9 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch through proxy works' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'funny hostnames are rejected before running proxy' '
+	test_must_fail git fetch git://-remote/repo.git 2>stderr &&
+	! grep "proxying for" stderr
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5533-push-cas.sh b/t/t5533-push-cas.sh
index c402d8d3d7..0b0eb1d025 100755
--- a/t/t5533-push-cas.sh
+++ b/t/t5533-push-cas.sh
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ test_expect_success 'push to update (protected)' '
 	(
 		cd dst &&
 		test_commit D &&
-		test_must_fail git push --force-with-lease=master:master origin master
+		test_must_fail git push --force-with-lease=master:master origin master 2>err &&
+		grep "stale info" err
 	) &&
 	git ls-remote . refs/heads/master >expect &&
 	git ls-remote src refs/heads/master >actual &&
@@ -37,7 +38,8 @@ test_expect_success 'push to update (protected, forced)' '
 	(
 		cd dst &&
 		test_commit D &&
-		git push --force --force-with-lease=master:master origin master
+		git push --force --force-with-lease=master:master origin master 2>err &&
+		grep "forced update" err
 	) &&
 	git ls-remote dst refs/heads/master >expect &&
 	git ls-remote src refs/heads/master >actual &&
@@ -101,7 +103,8 @@ test_expect_success 'push to update (allowed, tracking)' '
 	(
 		cd dst &&
 		test_commit D &&
-		git push --force-with-lease=master origin master
+		git push --force-with-lease=master origin master 2>err &&
+		! grep "forced update" err
 	) &&
 	git ls-remote dst refs/heads/master >expect &&
 	git ls-remote src refs/heads/master >actual &&
@@ -114,7 +117,8 @@ test_expect_success 'push to update (allowed even though no-ff)' '
 		cd dst &&
 		git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
 		test_commit D &&
-		git push --force-with-lease=master origin master
+		git push --force-with-lease=master origin master 2>err &&
+		grep "forced update" err
 	) &&
 	git ls-remote dst refs/heads/master >expect &&
 	git ls-remote src refs/heads/master >actual &&
@@ -138,20 +142,19 @@ test_expect_success 'push to delete (protected, forced)' '
 		cd dst &&
 		git push --force --force-with-lease=master:master^ origin :master
 	) &&
-	>expect &&
 	git ls-remote src refs/heads/master >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push to delete (allowed)' '
 	setup_srcdst_basic &&
 	(
 		cd dst &&
-		git push --force-with-lease=master origin :master
+		git push --force-with-lease=master origin :master 2>err &&
+		grep deleted err
 	) &&
-	>expect &&
 	git ls-remote src refs/heads/master >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cover everything with default force-with-lease (protected)' '
@@ -186,4 +189,71 @@ test_expect_success 'cover everything with default force-with-lease (allowed)' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'new branch covered by force-with-lease' '
+	setup_srcdst_basic &&
+	(
+		cd dst &&
+		git branch branch master &&
+		git push --force-with-lease=branch origin branch
+	) &&
+	git ls-remote dst refs/heads/branch >expect &&
+	git ls-remote src refs/heads/branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'new branch covered by force-with-lease (explicit)' '
+	setup_srcdst_basic &&
+	(
+		cd dst &&
+		git branch branch master &&
+		git push --force-with-lease=branch: origin branch
+	) &&
+	git ls-remote dst refs/heads/branch >expect &&
+	git ls-remote src refs/heads/branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'new branch already exists' '
+	setup_srcdst_basic &&
+	(
+		cd src &&
+		git checkout -b branch master &&
+		test_commit F
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd dst &&
+		git branch branch master &&
+		test_must_fail git push --force-with-lease=branch: origin branch
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'background updates of REMOTE can be mitigated with a non-updated REMOTE-push' '
+	rm -rf src dst &&
+	git init --bare src.bare &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf src.bare" &&
+	git clone --no-local src.bare dst &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf dst" &&
+	(
+		cd dst &&
+		test_commit G &&
+		git remote add origin-push ../src.bare &&
+		git push origin-push master:master
+	) &&
+	git clone --no-local src.bare dst2 &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf dst2" &&
+	(
+		cd dst2 &&
+		test_commit H &&
+		git push
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd dst &&
+		test_commit I &&
+		git fetch origin &&
+		test_must_fail git push --force-with-lease origin-push &&
+		git fetch origin-push &&
+		git push --force-with-lease origin-push
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5534-push-signed.sh b/t/t5534-push-signed.sh
index ecb8d446a5..030331f1c5 100755
--- a/t/t5534-push-signed.sh
+++ b/t/t5534-push-signed.sh
@@ -71,6 +71,13 @@ test_expect_success 'push --signed fails with a receiver without push certificat
 	test_i18ngrep "the receiving end does not support" err
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'push --signed=1 is accepted' '
+	prepare_dst &&
+	mkdir -p dst/.git/hooks &&
+	test_must_fail git push --signed=1 dst noop ff +noff 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "the receiving end does not support" err
+'
+
 test_expect_success GPG 'no certificate for a signed push with no update' '
 	prepare_dst &&
 	mkdir -p dst/.git/hooks &&
@@ -119,11 +126,51 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'signed push sends push certificate' '
 		sed -n -e "s/^nonce /NONCE=/p" -e "/^$/q" dst/push-cert
 	) >expect &&
 
-	grep "$(git rev-parse noop ff) refs/heads/ff" dst/push-cert &&
-	grep "$(git rev-parse noop noff) refs/heads/noff" dst/push-cert &&
+	noop=$(git rev-parse noop) &&
+	ff=$(git rev-parse ff) &&
+	noff=$(git rev-parse noff) &&
+	grep "$noop $ff refs/heads/ff" dst/push-cert &&
+	grep "$noop $noff refs/heads/noff" dst/push-cert &&
 	test_cmp expect dst/push-cert-status
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'inconsistent push options in signed push not allowed' '
+	# First, invoke receive-pack with dummy input to obtain its preamble.
+	prepare_dst &&
+	git -C dst config receive.certnonceseed sekrit &&
+	git -C dst config receive.advertisepushoptions 1 &&
+	printf xxxx | test_might_fail git receive-pack dst >preamble &&
+
+	# Then, invoke push. Simulate a receive-pack that sends the preamble we
+	# obtained, followed by a dummy packet.
+	write_script myscript <<-\EOF &&
+		cat preamble &&
+		printf xxxx &&
+		cat >push
+	EOF
+	test_might_fail git push --push-option="foo" --push-option="bar" \
+		--receive-pack="\"$(pwd)/myscript\"" --signed dst --delete ff &&
+
+	# Replay the push output on a fresh dst, checking that ff is truly
+	# deleted.
+	prepare_dst &&
+	git -C dst config receive.certnonceseed sekrit &&
+	git -C dst config receive.advertisepushoptions 1 &&
+	git receive-pack dst <push &&
+	test_must_fail git -C dst rev-parse ff &&
+
+	# Tweak the push output to make the push option outside the cert
+	# different, then replay it on a fresh dst, checking that ff is not
+	# deleted.
+	perl -pe "s/([^ ])bar/\$1baz/" push >push.tweak &&
+	prepare_dst &&
+	git -C dst config receive.certnonceseed sekrit &&
+	git -C dst config receive.advertisepushoptions 1 &&
+	git receive-pack dst <push.tweak >out &&
+	git -C dst rev-parse ff &&
+	grep "inconsistent push options" out
+'
+
 test_expect_success GPG 'fail without key and heed user.signingkey' '
 	prepare_dst &&
 	mkdir -p dst/.git/hooks &&
@@ -147,10 +194,12 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'fail without key and heed user.signingkey' '
 
 	EOF
 
-	unset GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL &&
-	git config user.email hasnokey@nowhere.com &&
-	test_must_fail git push --signed dst noop ff +noff &&
-	git config user.signingkey committer@example.com &&
+	test_config user.email hasnokey@nowhere.com &&
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL &&
+		test_must_fail git push --signed dst noop ff +noff
+	) &&
+	test_config user.signingkey $GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL &&
 	git push --signed dst noop ff +noff &&
 
 	(
@@ -163,8 +212,64 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'fail without key and heed user.signingkey' '
 		sed -n -e "s/^nonce /NONCE=/p" -e "/^$/q" dst/push-cert
 	) >expect &&
 
-	grep "$(git rev-parse noop ff) refs/heads/ff" dst/push-cert &&
-	grep "$(git rev-parse noop noff) refs/heads/noff" dst/push-cert &&
+	noop=$(git rev-parse noop) &&
+	ff=$(git rev-parse ff) &&
+	noff=$(git rev-parse noff) &&
+	grep "$noop $ff refs/heads/ff" dst/push-cert &&
+	grep "$noop $noff refs/heads/noff" dst/push-cert &&
+	test_cmp expect dst/push-cert-status
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPGSM 'fail without key and heed user.signingkey x509' '
+	test_config gpg.format x509 &&
+	prepare_dst &&
+	mkdir -p dst/.git/hooks &&
+	git -C dst config receive.certnonceseed sekrit &&
+	write_script dst/.git/hooks/post-receive <<-\EOF &&
+	# discard the update list
+	cat >/dev/null
+	# record the push certificate
+	if test -n "${GIT_PUSH_CERT-}"
+	then
+		git cat-file blob $GIT_PUSH_CERT >../push-cert
+	fi &&
+
+	cat >../push-cert-status <<E_O_F
+	SIGNER=${GIT_PUSH_CERT_SIGNER-nobody}
+	KEY=${GIT_PUSH_CERT_KEY-nokey}
+	STATUS=${GIT_PUSH_CERT_STATUS-nostatus}
+	NONCE_STATUS=${GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE_STATUS-nononcestatus}
+	NONCE=${GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE-nononce}
+	E_O_F
+
+	EOF
+
+	test_config user.email hasnokey@nowhere.com &&
+	test_config user.signingkey "" &&
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL &&
+		test_must_fail git push --signed dst noop ff +noff
+	) &&
+	test_config user.signingkey $GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL &&
+	git push --signed dst noop ff +noff &&
+
+	(
+		cat <<-\EOF &&
+		SIGNER=/CN=C O Mitter/O=Example/SN=C O/GN=Mitter
+		KEY=
+		STATUS=G
+		NONCE_STATUS=OK
+		EOF
+		sed -n -e "s/^nonce /NONCE=/p" -e "/^$/q" dst/push-cert
+	) >expect.in &&
+	key=$(cat "${GNUPGHOME}/trustlist.txt" | cut -d" " -f1 | tr -d ":") &&
+	sed -e "s/^KEY=/KEY=${key}/" expect.in >expect &&
+
+	noop=$(git rev-parse noop) &&
+	ff=$(git rev-parse ff) &&
+	noff=$(git rev-parse noff) &&
+	grep "$noop $ff refs/heads/ff" dst/push-cert &&
+	grep "$noop $noff refs/heads/noff" dst/push-cert &&
 	test_cmp expect dst/push-cert-status
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t5536-fetch-conflicts.sh b/t/t5536-fetch-conflicts.sh
index 6c5d3a4ce0..91f28c2f78 100755
--- a/t/t5536-fetch-conflicts.sh
+++ b/t/t5536-fetch-conflicts.sh
@@ -18,14 +18,6 @@ setup_repository () {
 	)
 }
 
-verify_stderr () {
-	cat >expected &&
-	# We're not interested in the error
-	# "fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly":
-	grep -E '^(fatal|warning):' <error | grep -v 'hung up' >actual | sort &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-}
-
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	git commit --allow-empty -m "Initial" &&
 	git branch branch1 &&
@@ -48,9 +40,7 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch conflict: config vs. config' '
 		"+refs/heads/branch2:refs/remotes/origin/branch1" && (
 		cd ccc &&
 		test_must_fail git fetch origin 2>error &&
-		verify_stderr <<-\EOF
-		fatal: Cannot fetch both refs/heads/branch1 and refs/heads/branch2 to refs/remotes/origin/branch1
-		EOF
+		test_i18ngrep "fatal: Cannot fetch both refs/heads/branch1 and refs/heads/branch2 to refs/remotes/origin/branch1" error
 	)
 '
 
@@ -77,9 +67,7 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch conflict: arg vs. arg' '
 		test_must_fail git fetch origin \
 			refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* \
 			refs/heads/branch2:refs/remotes/origin/branch1 2>error &&
-		verify_stderr <<-\EOF
-		fatal: Cannot fetch both refs/heads/branch1 and refs/heads/branch2 to refs/remotes/origin/branch1
-		EOF
+		test_i18ngrep "fatal: Cannot fetch both refs/heads/branch1 and refs/heads/branch2 to refs/remotes/origin/branch1" error
 	)
 '
 
@@ -90,10 +78,8 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch conflict: criss-cross args' '
 		git fetch origin \
 			refs/heads/branch1:refs/remotes/origin/branch2 \
 			refs/heads/branch2:refs/remotes/origin/branch1 2>error &&
-		verify_stderr <<-\EOF
-		warning: refs/remotes/origin/branch1 usually tracks refs/heads/branch1, not refs/heads/branch2
-		warning: refs/remotes/origin/branch2 usually tracks refs/heads/branch2, not refs/heads/branch1
-		EOF
+		test_i18ngrep "warning: refs/remotes/origin/branch1 usually tracks refs/heads/branch1, not refs/heads/branch2" error &&
+		test_i18ngrep "warning: refs/remotes/origin/branch2 usually tracks refs/heads/branch2, not refs/heads/branch1" error
 	)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t5537-fetch-shallow.sh b/t/t5537-fetch-shallow.sh
index a980574682..7045685e2d 100755
--- a/t/t5537-fetch-shallow.sh
+++ b/t/t5537-fetch-shallow.sh
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success 'fetch something upstream has but hidden by clients shallow boundaries' '
 	# the blob "1" is available in .git but hidden by the
 	# shallow2/.git/shallow and it should be resent
-	! git --git-dir=shallow2/.git cat-file blob `echo 1|git hash-object --stdin` >/dev/null &&
+	! git --git-dir=shallow2/.git cat-file blob $(echo 1|git hash-object --stdin) >/dev/null &&
 	echo 1 >1.t &&
 	git add 1.t &&
 	git commit -m add-1-back &&
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ add-1-back
 EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual
 	) &&
-	git --git-dir=shallow2/.git cat-file blob `echo 1|git hash-object --stdin` >/dev/null
+	git --git-dir=shallow2/.git cat-file blob $(echo 1|git hash-object --stdin) >/dev/null
 
 '
 
@@ -175,8 +175,8 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SANITY 'shallow fetch from a read-only repo' '
 	cp -R .git read-only.git &&
-	find read-only.git -print | xargs chmod -w &&
 	test_when_finished "find read-only.git -type d -print | xargs chmod +w" &&
+	find read-only.git -print | xargs chmod -w &&
 	git clone --no-local --depth=2 read-only.git from-read-only &&
 	git --git-dir=from-read-only/.git log --format=%s >actual &&
 	cat >expect <<EOF &&
@@ -186,4 +186,47 @@ EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+start_httpd
+
+REPO="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo"
+
+test_expect_success 'shallow fetches check connectivity before writing shallow file' '
+	rm -rf "$REPO" client &&
+
+	git init "$REPO" &&
+	test_commit -C "$REPO" one &&
+	test_commit -C "$REPO" two &&
+	test_commit -C "$REPO" three &&
+
+	git init client &&
+
+	# Use protocol v2 to ensure that shallow information is sent exactly
+	# once by the server, since we are planning to manipulate it.
+	git -C "$REPO" config protocol.version 2 &&
+	git -C client config protocol.version 2 &&
+
+	git -C client fetch --depth=2 "$HTTPD_URL/one_time_sed/repo" master:a_branch &&
+
+	# Craft a situation in which the server sends back an unshallow request
+	# with an empty packfile. This is done by refetching with a shorter
+	# depth (to ensure that the packfile is empty), and overwriting the
+	# shallow line in the response with the unshallow line we want.
+	printf "s/0034shallow %s/0036unshallow %s/" \
+	       "$(git -C "$REPO" rev-parse HEAD)" \
+	       "$(git -C "$REPO" rev-parse HEAD^)" \
+	       >"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/one-time-sed" &&
+	test_must_fail git -C client fetch --depth=1 "$HTTPD_URL/one_time_sed/repo" \
+		master:a_branch &&
+
+	# Ensure that the one-time-sed script was used.
+	! test -e "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/one-time-sed" &&
+
+	# Ensure that the resulting repo is consistent, despite our failure to
+	# fetch.
+	git -C client fsck
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5538-push-shallow.sh b/t/t5538-push-shallow.sh
index ceee95b8a4..ecbf84d21c 100755
--- a/t/t5538-push-shallow.sh
+++ b/t/t5538-push-shallow.sh
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push from full to shallow' '
-	! git --git-dir=shallow2/.git cat-file blob `echo 1|git hash-object --stdin` &&
+	! git --git-dir=shallow2/.git cat-file blob $(echo 1|git hash-object --stdin) &&
 	commit 1 &&
 	git push shallow2/.git +master:refs/remotes/top/master &&
 	(
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push from full to shallow' '
 3
 EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
-	git cat-file blob `echo 1|git hash-object --stdin` >/dev/null
+	git cat-file blob $(echo 1|git hash-object --stdin) >/dev/null
 	)
 '
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5539-fetch-http-shallow.sh b/t/t5539-fetch-http-shallow.sh
index b46118846c..5fbf67c446 100755
--- a/t/t5539-fetch-http-shallow.sh
+++ b/t/t5539-fetch-http-shallow.sh
@@ -3,12 +3,6 @@
 test_description='fetch/clone from a shallow clone over http'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
-
-if test -n "$NO_CURL"; then
-	skip_all='skipping test, git built without http support'
-	test_done
-fi
-
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
 start_httpd
 
@@ -79,5 +73,78 @@ test_expect_success 'no shallow lines after receiving ACK ready' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow since ...' '
+	test_create_repo shallow-since &&
+	(
+	cd shallow-since &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="100000000 +0700" git commit --allow-empty -m one &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="200000000 +0700" git commit --allow-empty -m two &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="300000000 +0700" git commit --allow-empty -m three &&
+	mv .git "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/shallow-since.git" &&
+	git clone --shallow-since "300000000 +0700" $HTTPD_URL/smart/shallow-since.git ../shallow11 &&
+	git -C ../shallow11 log --pretty=tformat:%s HEAD >actual &&
+	echo three >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch shallow since ...' '
+	git -C shallow11 fetch --shallow-since "200000000 +0700" origin &&
+	git -C shallow11 log --pretty=tformat:%s origin/master >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	three
+	two
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'shallow clone exclude tag two' '
+	test_create_repo shallow-exclude &&
+	(
+	cd shallow-exclude &&
+	test_commit one &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	test_commit three &&
+	mv .git "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/shallow-exclude.git" &&
+	git clone --shallow-exclude two $HTTPD_URL/smart/shallow-exclude.git ../shallow12 &&
+	git -C ../shallow12 log --pretty=tformat:%s HEAD >actual &&
+	echo three >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch exclude tag one' '
+	git -C shallow12 fetch --shallow-exclude one origin &&
+	git -C shallow12 log --pretty=tformat:%s origin/master >actual &&
+	test_write_lines three two >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetching deepen' '
+	test_create_repo shallow-deepen &&
+	(
+	cd shallow-deepen &&
+	test_commit one &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	test_commit three &&
+	mv .git "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/shallow-deepen.git" &&
+	git clone --depth 1 $HTTPD_URL/smart/shallow-deepen.git deepen &&
+	mv "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/shallow-deepen.git" .git &&
+	test_commit four &&
+	git -C deepen log --pretty=tformat:%s master >actual &&
+	echo three >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	mv .git "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/shallow-deepen.git" &&
+	git -C deepen fetch --deepen=1 &&
+	git -C deepen log --pretty=tformat:%s origin/master >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	four
+	three
+	two
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	)
+'
+
 stop_httpd
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5541-http-push-smart.sh b/t/t5541-http-push-smart.sh
index 47cee537c7..5475afc052 100755
--- a/t/t5541-http-push-smart.sh
+++ b/t/t5541-http-push-smart.sh
@@ -6,11 +6,6 @@
 test_description='test smart pushing over http via http-backend'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-if test -n "$NO_CURL"; then
-	skip_all='skipping test, git built without http support'
-	test_done
-fi
-
 ROOT_PATH="$PWD"
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-gpg.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
@@ -43,25 +38,16 @@ GET  /smart/test_repo.git/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200
 POST /smart/test_repo.git/git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'no empty path components' '
+	# Clear the log, so that it does not affect the "used receive-pack
+	# service" test which reads the log too.
+	test_when_finished ">\"\$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH\"/access.log" &&
+
 	# In the URL, add a trailing slash, and see if git appends yet another
 	# slash.
 	cd "$ROOT_PATH" &&
 	git clone $HTTPD_URL/smart/test_repo.git/ test_repo_clone &&
 
-	sed -e "
-		s/^.* \"//
-		s/\"//
-		s/ [1-9][0-9]*\$//
-		s/^GET /GET  /
-	" >act <"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log &&
-
-	# Clear the log, so that it does not affect the "used receive-pack
-	# service" test which reads the log too.
-	#
-	# We do this before the actual comparison to ensure the log is cleared.
-	echo > "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log &&
-
-	test_cmp exp act
+	check_access_log exp
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone remote repository' '
@@ -79,7 +65,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push to remote repository (standard)' '
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m path2 &&
 	HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	GIT_CURL_VERBOSE=1 git push -v -v 2>err &&
+	GIT_TRACE_CURL=true git push -v -v 2>err &&
 	! grep "Expect: 100-continue" err &&
 	grep "POST git-receive-pack ([0-9]* bytes)" err &&
 	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo.git &&
@@ -124,12 +110,11 @@ test_expect_success 'rejected update prints status' '
 	git commit -m dev2 &&
 	test_must_fail git push origin dev2 2>act &&
 	sed -e "/^remote: /s/ *$//" <act >cmp &&
-	test_cmp exp cmp
+	test_i18ncmp exp cmp
 '
 rm -f "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/test_repo.git/hooks/update"
 
 cat >exp <<EOF
-
 GET  /smart/test_repo.git/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200
 POST /smart/test_repo.git/git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200
 GET  /smart/test_repo.git/info/refs?service=git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 200
@@ -143,13 +128,7 @@ GET  /smart/test_repo.git/info/refs?service=git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 200
 POST /smart/test_repo.git/git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 200
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'used receive-pack service' '
-	sed -e "
-		s/^.* \"//
-		s/\"//
-		s/ [1-9][0-9]*\$//
-		s/^GET /GET  /
-	" >act <"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log &&
-	test_cmp exp act
+	check_access_log exp
 '
 
 test_http_push_nonff "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo.git \
@@ -224,30 +203,30 @@ test_expect_success TTY 'push shows progress when stderr is a tty' '
 	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
 	test_commit noisy &&
 	test_terminal git push >output 2>&1 &&
-	grep "^Writing objects" output
+	test_i18ngrep "^Writing objects" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success TTY 'push --quiet silences status and progress' '
 	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
 	test_commit quiet &&
 	test_terminal git push --quiet >output 2>&1 &&
-	test_cmp /dev/null output
+	test_must_be_empty output
 '
 
 test_expect_success TTY 'push --no-progress silences progress but not status' '
 	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
 	test_commit no-progress &&
 	test_terminal git push --no-progress >output 2>&1 &&
-	grep "^To http" output &&
-	! grep "^Writing objects"
+	test_i18ngrep "^To http" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "^Writing objects" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push --progress shows progress to non-tty' '
 	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
 	test_commit progress &&
 	git push --progress >output 2>&1 &&
-	grep "^To http" output &&
-	grep "^Writing objects" output
+	test_i18ngrep "^To http" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "^Writing objects" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'http push gives sane defaults to reflog' '
@@ -324,12 +303,6 @@ test_expect_success 'push into half-auth-complete requires password' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-run_with_limited_cmdline () {
-	(ulimit -s 128 && "$@")
-}
-
-test_lazy_prereq CMDLINE_LIMIT 'run_with_limited_cmdline true'
-
 test_expect_success CMDLINE_LIMIT 'push 2000 tags over http' '
 	sha1=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	test_seq 2000 |
@@ -379,5 +352,26 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'push with post-receive to inspect certificate' '
 	test_cmp expect "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/push-cert-status"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'push status output scrubs password' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH/test_repo_clone" &&
+	git push --porcelain \
+		"$HTTPD_URL_USER_PASS/smart/test_repo.git" \
+		+HEAD:scrub >status &&
+	# should have been scrubbed down to vanilla URL
+	grep "^To $HTTPD_URL/smart/test_repo.git" status
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'colorize errors/hints' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
+	test_must_fail git -c color.transport=always -c color.advice=always \
+		-c color.push=always \
+		push origin origin/master^:master 2>act &&
+	test_decode_color <act >decoded &&
+	test_i18ngrep "<RED>.*rejected.*<RESET>" decoded &&
+	test_i18ngrep "<RED>error: failed to push some refs" decoded &&
+	test_i18ngrep "<YELLOW>hint: " decoded &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "^hint: " decoded
+'
+
 stop_httpd
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5542-push-http-shallow.sh b/t/t5542-push-http-shallow.sh
index 2a691e09eb..5165833157 100755
--- a/t/t5542-push-http-shallow.sh
+++ b/t/t5542-push-http-shallow.sh
@@ -3,12 +3,6 @@
 test_description='push from/to a shallow clone over http'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
-
-if test -n "$NO_CURL"; then
-	say 'skipping test, git built without http support'
-	test_done
-fi
-
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
 start_httpd
 
diff --git a/t/t5543-atomic-push.sh b/t/t5543-atomic-push.sh
index 3480b33007..7079bcf9a0 100755
--- a/t/t5543-atomic-push.sh
+++ b/t/t5543-atomic-push.sh
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ test_expect_success 'atomic push obeys update hook preventing a branch to be pus
 test_expect_success 'atomic push is not advertised if configured' '
 	mk_repo_pair &&
 	(
-		cd upstream
+		cd upstream &&
 		git config receive.advertiseatomic 0
 	) &&
 	(
diff --git a/t/t5544-pack-objects-hook.sh b/t/t5544-pack-objects-hook.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4357af1525
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5544-pack-objects-hook.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test custom script in place of pack-objects'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'create some history to fetch' '
+	test_commit one &&
+	test_commit two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create debugging hook script' '
+	write_script .git/hook <<-\EOF
+		echo >&2 "hook running"
+		echo "$*" >hook.args
+		cat >hook.stdin
+		"$@" <hook.stdin >hook.stdout
+		cat hook.stdout
+	EOF
+'
+
+clear_hook_results () {
+	rm -rf .git/hook.* dst.git
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'hook runs via global config' '
+	clear_hook_results &&
+	test_config_global uploadpack.packObjectsHook ./hook &&
+	git clone --no-local . dst.git 2>stderr &&
+	grep "hook running" stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hook outputs are sane' '
+	# check that we recorded a usable pack
+	git index-pack --stdin <.git/hook.stdout &&
+
+	# check that we recorded args and stdin. We do not check
+	# the full argument list or the exact pack contents, as it would make
+	# the test brittle. So just sanity check that we could replay
+	# the packing procedure.
+	grep "^git" .git/hook.args &&
+	$(cat .git/hook.args) <.git/hook.stdin >replay
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hook runs from -c config' '
+	clear_hook_results &&
+	git clone --no-local \
+	  -u "git -c uploadpack.packObjectsHook=./hook upload-pack" \
+	  . dst.git 2>stderr &&
+	grep "hook running" stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hook does not run from repo config' '
+	clear_hook_results &&
+	test_config uploadpack.packObjectsHook "./hook" &&
+	git clone --no-local . dst.git 2>stderr &&
+	! grep "hook running" stderr &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/hook.args &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/hook.stdin &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/hook.stdout
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5545-push-options.sh b/t/t5545-push-options.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b47a95871c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5545-push-options.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='pushing to a repository using push options'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+mk_repo_pair () {
+	rm -rf workbench upstream &&
+	test_create_repo upstream &&
+	test_create_repo workbench &&
+	(
+		cd upstream &&
+		git config receive.denyCurrentBranch warn &&
+		mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+		cat >.git/hooks/pre-receive <<-'EOF' &&
+		#!/bin/sh
+		if test -n "$GIT_PUSH_OPTION_COUNT"; then
+			i=0
+			>hooks/pre-receive.push_options
+			while test "$i" -lt "$GIT_PUSH_OPTION_COUNT"; do
+				eval "value=\$GIT_PUSH_OPTION_$i"
+				echo $value >>hooks/pre-receive.push_options
+				i=$((i + 1))
+			done
+		fi
+		EOF
+		chmod u+x .git/hooks/pre-receive
+
+		cat >.git/hooks/post-receive <<-'EOF' &&
+		#!/bin/sh
+		if test -n "$GIT_PUSH_OPTION_COUNT"; then
+			i=0
+			>hooks/post-receive.push_options
+			while test "$i" -lt "$GIT_PUSH_OPTION_COUNT"; do
+				eval "value=\$GIT_PUSH_OPTION_$i"
+				echo $value >>hooks/post-receive.push_options
+				i=$((i + 1))
+			done
+		fi
+		EOF
+		chmod u+x .git/hooks/post-receive
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd workbench &&
+		git remote add up ../upstream
+	)
+}
+
+# Compare the ref ($1) in upstream with a ref value from workbench ($2)
+# i.e. test_refs second HEAD@{2}
+test_refs () {
+	test $# = 2 &&
+	git -C upstream rev-parse --verify "$1" >expect &&
+	git -C workbench rev-parse --verify "$2" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'one push option works for a single branch' '
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	git -C upstream config receive.advertisePushOptions true &&
+	(
+		cd workbench &&
+		test_commit one &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		test_commit two &&
+		git push --push-option=asdf up master
+	) &&
+	test_refs master master &&
+	echo "asdf" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect upstream/.git/hooks/pre-receive.push_options &&
+	test_cmp expect upstream/.git/hooks/post-receive.push_options
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push option denied by remote' '
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	git -C upstream config receive.advertisePushOptions false &&
+	(
+		cd workbench &&
+		test_commit one &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		test_commit two &&
+		test_must_fail git push --push-option=asdf up master
+	) &&
+	test_refs master HEAD@{1}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'two push options work' '
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	git -C upstream config receive.advertisePushOptions true &&
+	(
+		cd workbench &&
+		test_commit one &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		test_commit two &&
+		git push --push-option=asdf --push-option="more structured text" up master
+	) &&
+	test_refs master master &&
+	printf "asdf\nmore structured text\n" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect upstream/.git/hooks/pre-receive.push_options &&
+	test_cmp expect upstream/.git/hooks/post-receive.push_options
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push options and submodules' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf parent" &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf parent_upstream" &&
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	git -C upstream config receive.advertisePushOptions true &&
+	cp -r upstream parent_upstream &&
+	test_commit -C upstream one &&
+
+	test_create_repo parent &&
+	git -C parent remote add up ../parent_upstream &&
+	test_commit -C parent one &&
+	git -C parent push --mirror up &&
+
+	git -C parent submodule add ../upstream workbench &&
+	git -C parent/workbench remote add up ../../upstream &&
+	git -C parent commit -m "add submoule" &&
+
+	test_commit -C parent/workbench two &&
+	git -C parent add workbench &&
+	git -C parent commit -m "update workbench" &&
+
+	git -C parent push \
+		--push-option=asdf --push-option="more structured text" \
+		--recurse-submodules=on-demand up master &&
+
+	git -C upstream rev-parse --verify master >expect &&
+	git -C parent/workbench rev-parse --verify master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git -C parent_upstream rev-parse --verify master >expect &&
+	git -C parent rev-parse --verify master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	printf "asdf\nmore structured text\n" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect upstream/.git/hooks/pre-receive.push_options &&
+	test_cmp expect upstream/.git/hooks/post-receive.push_options &&
+	test_cmp expect parent_upstream/.git/hooks/pre-receive.push_options &&
+	test_cmp expect parent_upstream/.git/hooks/post-receive.push_options
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'default push option' '
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	git -C upstream config receive.advertisePushOptions true &&
+	(
+		cd workbench &&
+		test_commit one &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		test_commit two &&
+		git -c push.pushOption=default push up master
+	) &&
+	test_refs master master &&
+	echo "default" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect upstream/.git/hooks/pre-receive.push_options &&
+	test_cmp expect upstream/.git/hooks/post-receive.push_options
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'two default push options' '
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	git -C upstream config receive.advertisePushOptions true &&
+	(
+		cd workbench &&
+		test_commit one &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		test_commit two &&
+		git -c push.pushOption=default1 -c push.pushOption=default2 push up master
+	) &&
+	test_refs master master &&
+	printf "default1\ndefault2\n" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect upstream/.git/hooks/pre-receive.push_options &&
+	test_cmp expect upstream/.git/hooks/post-receive.push_options
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push option from command line overrides from-config push option' '
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	git -C upstream config receive.advertisePushOptions true &&
+	(
+		cd workbench &&
+		test_commit one &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		test_commit two &&
+		git -c push.pushOption=default push --push-option=manual up master
+	) &&
+	test_refs master master &&
+	echo "manual" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect upstream/.git/hooks/pre-receive.push_options &&
+	test_cmp expect upstream/.git/hooks/post-receive.push_options
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty value of push.pushOption in config clears the list' '
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	git -C upstream config receive.advertisePushOptions true &&
+	(
+		cd workbench &&
+		test_commit one &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		test_commit two &&
+		git -c push.pushOption=default1 -c push.pushOption= -c push.pushOption=default2 push up master
+	) &&
+	test_refs master master &&
+	echo "default2" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect upstream/.git/hooks/pre-receive.push_options &&
+	test_cmp expect upstream/.git/hooks/post-receive.push_options
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'invalid push option in config' '
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	git -C upstream config receive.advertisePushOptions true &&
+	(
+		cd workbench &&
+		test_commit one &&
+		git push --mirror up &&
+		test_commit two &&
+		test_must_fail git -c push.pushOption push up master
+	) &&
+	test_refs master HEAD@{1}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push options keep quoted characters intact (direct)' '
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	git -C upstream config receive.advertisePushOptions true &&
+	test_commit -C workbench one &&
+	git -C workbench push --push-option="\"embedded quotes\"" up master &&
+	echo "\"embedded quotes\"" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect upstream/.git/hooks/pre-receive.push_options
+'
+
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+start_httpd
+
+# set up http repository for fetching/pushing, with push options config
+# bool set to $1
+mk_http_pair () {
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf test_http_clone" &&
+	test_when_finished 'rm -rf "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/upstream.git' &&
+	mk_repo_pair &&
+	git -C upstream config receive.advertisePushOptions "$1" &&
+	git -C upstream config http.receivepack true &&
+	cp -R upstream/.git "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/upstream.git &&
+	git clone "$HTTPD_URL"/smart/upstream test_http_clone
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'push option denied properly by http server' '
+	mk_http_pair false &&
+	test_commit -C test_http_clone one &&
+	test_must_fail git -C test_http_clone push --push-option=asdf origin master 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "the receiving end does not support push options" actual &&
+	git -C test_http_clone push origin master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push options work properly across http' '
+	mk_http_pair true &&
+
+	test_commit -C test_http_clone one &&
+	git -C test_http_clone push origin master &&
+	git -C "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/upstream.git rev-parse --verify master >expect &&
+	git -C test_http_clone rev-parse --verify master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	test_commit -C test_http_clone two &&
+	git -C test_http_clone push --push-option=asdf --push-option="more structured text" origin master &&
+	printf "asdf\nmore structured text\n" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/upstream.git/hooks/pre-receive.push_options &&
+	test_cmp expect "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/upstream.git/hooks/post-receive.push_options &&
+
+	git -C "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/upstream.git rev-parse --verify master >expect &&
+	git -C test_http_clone rev-parse --verify master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push options keep quoted characters intact (http)' '
+	mk_http_pair true &&
+
+	test_commit -C test_http_clone one &&
+	git -C test_http_clone push --push-option="\"embedded quotes\"" origin master &&
+	echo "\"embedded quotes\"" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/upstream.git/hooks/pre-receive.push_options
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5546-receive-limits.sh b/t/t5546-receive-limits.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0b0e987fdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5546-receive-limits.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='check receive input limits'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Let's run tests with different unpack limits: 1 and 10000
+# When the limit is 1, `git receive-pack` will call `git index-pack`.
+# When the limit is 10000, `git receive-pack` will call `git unpack-objects`.
+
+test_pack_input_limit () {
+	case "$1" in
+	index) unpack_limit=1 ;;
+	unpack) unpack_limit=10000 ;;
+	esac
+
+	test_expect_success 'prepare destination repository' '
+		rm -fr dest &&
+		git --bare init dest
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "set unpacklimit to $unpack_limit" '
+		git --git-dir=dest config receive.unpacklimit "$unpack_limit"
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success 'setting receive.maxInputSize to 512 rejects push' '
+		git --git-dir=dest config receive.maxInputSize 512 &&
+		test_must_fail git push dest HEAD
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success 'bumping limit to 4k allows push' '
+		git --git-dir=dest config receive.maxInputSize 4k &&
+		git push dest HEAD
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success 'prepare destination repository (again)' '
+		rm -fr dest &&
+		git --bare init dest
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success 'lifting the limit allows push' '
+		git --git-dir=dest config receive.maxInputSize 0 &&
+		git push dest HEAD
+	'
+}
+
+test_expect_success "create known-size (1024 bytes) commit" '
+	test-tool genrandom foo 1024 >one-k &&
+	git add one-k &&
+	test_commit one-k
+'
+
+test_pack_input_limit index
+test_pack_input_limit unpack
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5547-push-quarantine.sh b/t/t5547-push-quarantine.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..faaa51ccc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5547-push-quarantine.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='check quarantine of objects during push'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'create picky dest repo' '
+	git init --bare dest.git &&
+	write_script dest.git/hooks/pre-receive <<-\EOF
+	while read old new ref; do
+		test "$(git log -1 --format=%s $new)" = reject && exit 1
+	done
+	exit 0
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'accepted objects work' '
+	test_commit ok &&
+	git push dest.git HEAD &&
+	commit=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git --git-dir=dest.git cat-file commit $commit
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rejected objects are not installed' '
+	test_commit reject &&
+	commit=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_must_fail git push dest.git reject &&
+	test_must_fail git --git-dir=dest.git cat-file commit $commit
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rejected objects are removed' '
+	echo "incoming-*" >expect &&
+	(cd dest.git/objects && echo incoming-*) >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push to repo path with path separator (colon)' '
+	# The interesting failure case here is when the
+	# receiving end cannot access its original object directory,
+	# so make it likely for us to generate a delta by having
+	# a non-trivial file with multiple versions.
+
+	test-tool genrandom foo 4096 >file.bin &&
+	git add file.bin &&
+	git commit -m bin &&
+
+	if test_have_prereq MINGW
+	then
+		pathsep=";"
+	else
+		pathsep=":"
+	fi &&
+	git clone --bare . "xxx${pathsep}yyy.git" &&
+
+	echo change >>file.bin &&
+	git commit -am change &&
+	# Note that we have to use the full path here, or it gets confused
+	# with the ssh host:path syntax.
+	git push "$(pwd)/xxx${pathsep}yyy.git" HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'updating a ref from quarantine is forbidden' '
+	git init --bare update.git &&
+	write_script update.git/hooks/pre-receive <<-\EOF &&
+	read old new refname
+	git update-ref refs/heads/unrelated $new
+	exit 1
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git push update.git HEAD &&
+	git -C update.git fsck
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5550-http-fetch-dumb.sh b/t/t5550-http-fetch-dumb.sh
index 3d11b7a6bb..6d7d88ccc9 100755
--- a/t/t5550-http-fetch-dumb.sh
+++ b/t/t5550-http-fetch-dumb.sh
@@ -2,12 +2,6 @@
 
 test_description='test dumb fetching over http via static file'
 . ./test-lib.sh
-
-if test -n "$NO_CURL"; then
-	skip_all='skipping test, git built without http support'
-	test_done
-fi
-
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
 start_httpd
 
@@ -26,8 +20,9 @@ test_expect_success 'create http-accessible bare repository with loose objects'
 	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
 	 git config core.bare true &&
 	 mkdir -p hooks &&
-	 echo "exec git update-server-info" >hooks/post-update &&
-	 chmod +x hooks/post-update &&
+	 write_script "hooks/post-update" <<-\EOF &&
+	 exec git update-server-info
+	EOF
 	 hooks/post-update
 	) &&
 	git remote add public "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
@@ -40,6 +35,15 @@ test_expect_success 'clone http repository' '
 	test_cmp file clone/file
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'list refs from outside any repository' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse master)	HEAD
+	$(git rev-parse master)	refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	nongit git ls-remote "$HTTPD_URL/dumb/repo.git" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'create password-protected repository' '
 	mkdir -p "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/auth/dumb/" &&
 	cp -Rf "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" \
@@ -97,6 +101,55 @@ test_expect_success 'configured username does not override URL' '
 	expect_askpass pass user@host
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'set up repo with http submodules' '
+	git init super &&
+	set_askpass user@host pass@host &&
+	(
+		cd super &&
+		git submodule add "$HTTPD_URL/auth/dumb/repo.git" sub &&
+		git commit -m "add submodule"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cmdline credential config passes to submodule via clone' '
+	set_askpass wrong pass@host &&
+	test_must_fail git clone --recursive super super-clone &&
+	rm -rf super-clone &&
+
+	set_askpass wrong pass@host &&
+	git -c "credential.$HTTPD_URL.username=user@host" \
+		clone --recursive super super-clone &&
+	expect_askpass pass user@host
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cmdline credential config passes submodule via fetch' '
+	set_askpass wrong pass@host &&
+	test_must_fail git -C super-clone fetch --recurse-submodules &&
+
+	set_askpass wrong pass@host &&
+	git -C super-clone \
+	    -c "credential.$HTTPD_URL.username=user@host" \
+	    fetch --recurse-submodules &&
+	expect_askpass pass user@host
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cmdline credential config passes submodule update' '
+	# advance the submodule HEAD so that a fetch is required
+	git commit --allow-empty -m foo &&
+	git push "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/auth/dumb/repo.git" HEAD &&
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git -C super-clone update-index --cacheinfo 160000,$sha1,sub &&
+
+	set_askpass wrong pass@host &&
+	test_must_fail git -C super-clone submodule update &&
+
+	set_askpass wrong pass@host &&
+	git -C super-clone \
+	    -c "credential.$HTTPD_URL.username=user@host" \
+	    submodule update &&
+	expect_askpass pass user@host
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'fetch changes via http' '
 	echo content >>file &&
 	git commit -a -m two &&
@@ -116,6 +169,17 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch changes via manual http-fetch' '
 	test_cmp file clone2/file
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'manual http-fetch without -a works just as well' '
+	cp -R clone-tmpl clone3 &&
+
+	HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	(cd clone3 &&
+	 git http-fetch -w heads/master-new $HEAD $(git config remote.origin.url) &&
+	 git checkout master-new &&
+	 test $HEAD = $(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)) &&
+	test_cmp file clone3/file
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'http remote detects correct HEAD' '
 	git push public master:other &&
 	(cd clone &&
@@ -138,7 +202,7 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch packed objects' '
 test_expect_success 'fetch notices corrupt pack' '
 	cp -R "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_pack.git "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_bad1.git &&
 	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_bad1.git &&
-	 p=`ls objects/pack/pack-*.pack` &&
+	 p=$(ls objects/pack/pack-*.pack) &&
 	 chmod u+w $p &&
 	 printf %0256d 0 | dd of=$p bs=256 count=1 seek=1 conv=notrunc
 	) &&
@@ -146,14 +210,14 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch notices corrupt pack' '
 	(cd repo_bad1.git &&
 	 git --bare init &&
 	 test_must_fail git --bare fetch $HTTPD_URL/dumb/repo_bad1.git &&
-	 test 0 = `ls objects/pack/pack-*.pack | wc -l`
+	 test 0 = $(ls objects/pack/pack-*.pack | wc -l)
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fetch notices corrupt idx' '
 	cp -R "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_pack.git "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_bad2.git &&
 	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_bad2.git &&
-	 p=`ls objects/pack/pack-*.idx` &&
+	 p=$(ls objects/pack/pack-*.idx) &&
 	 chmod u+w $p &&
 	 printf %0256d 0 | dd of=$p bs=256 count=1 seek=1 conv=notrunc
 	) &&
@@ -161,7 +225,7 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch notices corrupt idx' '
 	(cd repo_bad2.git &&
 	 git --bare init &&
 	 test_must_fail git --bare fetch $HTTPD_URL/dumb/repo_bad2.git &&
-	 test 0 = `ls objects/pack | wc -l`
+	 test 0 = $(ls objects/pack | wc -l)
 	)
 '
 
@@ -220,15 +284,15 @@ check_language () {
 		>expect
 		;;
 	?*)
-		echo "Accept-Language: $1" >expect
+		echo "=> Send header: Accept-Language: $1" >expect
 		;;
 	esac &&
-	GIT_CURL_VERBOSE=1 \
+	GIT_TRACE_CURL=true \
 	LANGUAGE=$2 \
 	git ls-remote "$HTTPD_URL/dumb/repo.git" >output 2>&1 &&
 	tr -d '\015' <output |
 	sort -u |
-	sed -ne '/^Accept-Language:/ p' >actual &&
+	sed -ne '/^=> Send header: Accept-Language:/ p' >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 }
 
@@ -252,8 +316,96 @@ ja;q=0.95, zh;q=0.94, sv;q=0.93, pt;q=0.92, nb;q=0.91, *;q=0.90" \
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git client does not send an empty Accept-Language' '
-	GIT_CURL_VERBOSE=1 LANGUAGE= git ls-remote "$HTTPD_URL/dumb/repo.git" 2>stderr &&
-	! grep "^Accept-Language:" stderr
+	GIT_TRACE_CURL=true LANGUAGE= git ls-remote "$HTTPD_URL/dumb/repo.git" 2>stderr &&
+	! grep "^=> Send header: Accept-Language:" stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remote-http complains cleanly about malformed urls' '
+	# do not actually issue "list" or other commands, as we do not
+	# want to rely on what curl would actually do with such a broken
+	# URL. This is just about making sure we do not segfault during
+	# initialization.
+	test_must_fail git remote-http http::/example.com/repo.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'redirects can be forbidden/allowed' '
+	test_must_fail git -c http.followRedirects=false \
+		clone $HTTPD_URL/dumb-redir/repo.git dumb-redir &&
+	git -c http.followRedirects=true \
+		clone $HTTPD_URL/dumb-redir/repo.git dumb-redir 2>stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'redirects are reported to stderr' '
+	# just look for a snippet of the redirected-to URL
+	test_i18ngrep /dumb/ stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non-initial redirects can be forbidden' '
+	test_must_fail git -c http.followRedirects=initial \
+		clone $HTTPD_URL/redir-objects/repo.git redir-objects &&
+	git -c http.followRedirects=true \
+		clone $HTTPD_URL/redir-objects/repo.git redir-objects
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'http.followRedirects defaults to "initial"' '
+	test_must_fail git clone $HTTPD_URL/redir-objects/repo.git default
+'
+
+# The goal is for a clone of the "evil" repository, which has no objects
+# itself, to cause the client to fetch objects from the "victim" repository.
+test_expect_success 'set up evil alternates scheme' '
+	victim=$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/victim.git &&
+	git init --bare "$victim" &&
+	git -C "$victim" --work-tree=. commit --allow-empty -m secret &&
+	git -C "$victim" repack -ad &&
+	git -C "$victim" update-server-info &&
+	sha1=$(git -C "$victim" rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+	evil=$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/evil.git &&
+	git init --bare "$evil" &&
+	# do this by hand to avoid object existence check
+	printf "%s\\t%s\\n" $sha1 refs/heads/master >"$evil/info/refs"
+'
+
+# Here we'll just redirect via HTTP. In a real-world attack these would be on
+# different servers, but we should reject it either way.
+test_expect_success 'http-alternates is a non-initial redirect' '
+	echo "$HTTPD_URL/dumb/victim.git/objects" \
+		>"$evil/objects/info/http-alternates" &&
+	test_must_fail git -c http.followRedirects=initial \
+		clone $HTTPD_URL/dumb/evil.git evil-initial &&
+	git -c http.followRedirects=true \
+		clone $HTTPD_URL/dumb/evil.git evil-initial
+'
+
+# Curl supports a lot of protocols that we'd prefer not to allow
+# http-alternates to use, but it's hard to test whether curl has
+# accessed, say, the SMTP protocol, because we are not running an SMTP server.
+# But we can check that it does not allow access to file://, which would
+# otherwise allow this clone to complete.
+test_expect_success 'http-alternates cannot point at funny protocols' '
+	echo "file://$victim/objects" >"$evil/objects/info/http-alternates" &&
+	test_must_fail git -c http.followRedirects=true \
+		clone "$HTTPD_URL/dumb/evil.git" evil-file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'http-alternates triggers not-from-user protocol check' '
+	echo "$HTTPD_URL/dumb/victim.git/objects" \
+		>"$evil/objects/info/http-alternates" &&
+	test_config_global http.followRedirects true &&
+	test_must_fail git -c protocol.http.allow=user \
+		clone $HTTPD_URL/dumb/evil.git evil-user &&
+	git -c protocol.http.allow=always \
+		clone $HTTPD_URL/dumb/evil.git evil-user
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'can redirect through non-"info/refs?service=git-upload-pack" URL' '
+	git clone "$HTTPD_URL/redir-to/dumb/repo.git"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'print HTTP error when any intermediate redirect throws error' '
+	test_must_fail git clone "$HTTPD_URL/redir-to/502" 2> stderr &&
+	test_i18ngrep "unable to access.*/redir-to/502" stderr
 '
 
 stop_httpd
diff --git a/t/t5551-http-fetch-smart.sh b/t/t5551-http-fetch-smart.sh
index cf0a6ea538..771f36f9ff 100755
--- a/t/t5551-http-fetch-smart.sh
+++ b/t/t5551-http-fetch-smart.sh
@@ -2,12 +2,6 @@
 
 test_description='test smart fetching over http via http-backend'
 . ./test-lib.sh
-
-if test -n "$NO_CURL"; then
-	skip_all='skipping test, git built without http support'
-	test_done
-fi
-
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
 start_httpd
 
@@ -32,14 +26,14 @@ setup_askpass_helper
 cat >exp <<EOF
 > GET /smart/repo.git/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1
 > Accept: */*
-> Accept-Encoding: gzip
+> Accept-Encoding: ENCODINGS
 > Pragma: no-cache
 < HTTP/1.1 200 OK
 < Pragma: no-cache
 < Cache-Control: no-cache, max-age=0, must-revalidate
 < Content-Type: application/x-git-upload-pack-advertisement
 > POST /smart/repo.git/git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1
-> Accept-Encoding: gzip
+> Accept-Encoding: ENCODINGS
 > Content-Type: application/x-git-upload-pack-request
 > Accept: application/x-git-upload-pack-result
 > Content-Length: xxx
@@ -49,12 +43,21 @@ cat >exp <<EOF
 < Content-Type: application/x-git-upload-pack-result
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'clone http repository' '
-	GIT_CURL_VERBOSE=1 git clone --quiet $HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git clone 2>err &&
+	GIT_TRACE_CURL=true git clone --quiet $HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git clone 2>err &&
 	test_cmp file clone/file &&
 	tr '\''\015'\'' Q <err |
 	sed -e "
 		s/Q\$//
 		/^[*] /d
+		/^== Info:/d
+		/^=> Send header, /d
+		/^=> Send header:$/d
+		/^<= Recv header, /d
+		/^<= Recv header:$/d
+		s/=> Send header: //
+		s/= Recv header://
+		/^<= Recv data/d
+		/^=> Send data/d
 		/^$/d
 		/^< $/d
 
@@ -76,8 +79,13 @@ test_expect_success 'clone http repository' '
 		/^< Date: /d
 		/^< Content-Length: /d
 		/^< Transfer-Encoding: /d
-	" >act &&
-	test_cmp exp act
+	" >actual &&
+	sed -e "s/^> Accept-Encoding: .*/> Accept-Encoding: ENCODINGS/" \
+			actual >actual.smudged &&
+	test_cmp exp actual.smudged &&
+
+	grep "Accept-Encoding:.*gzip" actual >actual.gzip &&
+	test_line_count = 2 actual.gzip
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fetch changes via http' '
@@ -95,13 +103,7 @@ GET  /smart/repo.git/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200
 POST /smart/repo.git/git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'used upload-pack service' '
-	sed -e "
-		s/^.* \"//
-		s/\"//
-		s/ [1-9][0-9]*\$//
-		s/^GET /GET  /
-	" >act <"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log &&
-	test_cmp exp act
+	check_access_log exp
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'follow redirects (301)' '
@@ -116,6 +118,10 @@ test_expect_success 'redirects re-root further requests' '
 	git clone $HTTPD_URL/smart-redir-limited/repo.git repo-redir-limited
 '
 
+test_expect_success 're-rooting dies on insane schemes' '
+	test_must_fail git clone $HTTPD_URL/insane-redir/repo.git insane
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'clone from password-protected repository' '
 	echo two >expect &&
 	set_askpass user@host pass@host &&
@@ -213,37 +219,200 @@ test_expect_success 'cookies stored in http.cookiefile when http.savecookies set
 	test_cmp expect_cookies.txt cookies_tail.txt
 '
 
-test_expect_success EXPENSIVE 'create 50,000 tags in the repo' '
-	(
-	cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
-	for i in `test_seq 50000`
+test_expect_success 'transfer.hiderefs works over smart-http' '
+	test_commit hidden &&
+	test_commit visible &&
+	git push public HEAD^:refs/heads/a HEAD:refs/heads/b &&
+	git --git-dir="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" \
+		config transfer.hiderefs refs/heads/a &&
+	git clone --bare "$HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git" hidden.git &&
+	test_must_fail git -C hidden.git rev-parse --verify a &&
+	git -C hidden.git rev-parse --verify b
+'
+
+# create an arbitrary number of tags, numbered from tag-$1 to tag-$2
+create_tags () {
+	rm -f marks &&
+	for i in $(test_seq "$1" "$2")
 	do
-		echo "commit refs/heads/too-many-refs"
-		echo "mark :$i"
-		echo "committer git <git@example.com> $i +0000"
-		echo "data 0"
-		echo "M 644 inline bla.txt"
-		echo "data 4"
-		echo "bla"
+		# don't use here-doc, because it requires a process
+		# per loop iteration
+		echo "commit refs/heads/too-many-refs-$1" &&
+		echo "mark :$i" &&
+		echo "committer git <git@example.com> $i +0000" &&
+		echo "data 0" &&
+		echo "M 644 inline bla.txt" &&
+		echo "data 4" &&
+		echo "bla" &&
 		# make every commit dangling by always
 		# rewinding the branch after each commit
-		echo "reset refs/heads/too-many-refs"
-		echo "from :1"
+		echo "reset refs/heads/too-many-refs-$1" &&
+		echo "from :$1"
 	done | git fast-import --export-marks=marks &&
 
 	# now assign tags to all the dangling commits we created above
 	tag=$(perl -e "print \"bla\" x 30") &&
 	sed -e "s|^:\([^ ]*\) \(.*\)$|\2 refs/tags/$tag-\1|" <marks >>packed-refs
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'create 2,000 tags in the repo' '
+	(
+		cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+		create_tags 1 2000
 	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success EXPENSIVE 'clone the 50,000 tag repo to check OS command line overflow' '
-	git clone $HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git too-many-refs &&
+test_expect_success CMDLINE_LIMIT \
+	'clone the 2,000 tag repo to check OS command line overflow' '
+	run_with_limited_cmdline git clone $HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git too-many-refs &&
 	(
 		cd too-many-refs &&
-		test $(git for-each-ref refs/tags | wc -l) = 50000
+		git for-each-ref refs/tags >actual &&
+		test_line_count = 2000 actual
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'large fetch-pack requests can be split across POSTs' '
+	GIT_TRACE_CURL=true git -c http.postbuffer=65536 \
+		clone --bare "$HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git" split.git 2>err &&
+	grep "^=> Send header: POST" err >posts &&
+	test_line_count = 2 posts
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test allowreachablesha1inwant' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf test_reachable.git" &&
+	server="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	master_sha=$(git -C "$server" rev-parse refs/heads/master) &&
+	git -C "$server" config uploadpack.allowreachablesha1inwant 1 &&
+
+	git init --bare test_reachable.git &&
+	git -C test_reachable.git remote add origin "$HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git" &&
+	git -C test_reachable.git fetch origin "$master_sha"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test allowreachablesha1inwant with unreachable' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf test_reachable.git; git reset --hard $(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+
+	#create unreachable sha
+	echo content >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit -m two &&
+	git push public HEAD:refs/heads/doomed &&
+	git push public :refs/heads/doomed &&
+
+	server="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	master_sha=$(git -C "$server" rev-parse refs/heads/master) &&
+	git -C "$server" config uploadpack.allowreachablesha1inwant 1 &&
+
+	git init --bare test_reachable.git &&
+	git -C test_reachable.git remote add origin "$HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git" &&
+	test_must_fail git -C test_reachable.git fetch origin "$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test allowanysha1inwant with unreachable' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf test_reachable.git; git reset --hard $(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+
+	#create unreachable sha
+	echo content >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit -m two &&
+	git push public HEAD:refs/heads/doomed &&
+	git push public :refs/heads/doomed &&
+
+	server="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	master_sha=$(git -C "$server" rev-parse refs/heads/master) &&
+	git -C "$server" config uploadpack.allowreachablesha1inwant 1 &&
+
+	git init --bare test_reachable.git &&
+	git -C test_reachable.git remote add origin "$HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git" &&
+	test_must_fail git -C test_reachable.git fetch origin "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+
+	git -C "$server" config uploadpack.allowanysha1inwant 1 &&
+	git -C test_reachable.git fetch origin "$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success EXPENSIVE 'http can handle enormous ref negotiation' '
+	(
+		cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+		create_tags 2001 50000
+	) &&
+	git -C too-many-refs fetch -q --tags &&
+	(
+		cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+		create_tags 50001 100000
+	) &&
+	git -C too-many-refs fetch -q --tags &&
+	git -C too-many-refs for-each-ref refs/tags >tags &&
+	test_line_count = 100000 tags
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'custom http headers' '
+	test_must_fail git -c http.extraheader="x-magic-two: cadabra" \
+		fetch "$HTTPD_URL/smart_headers/repo.git" &&
+	git -c http.extraheader="x-magic-one: abra" \
+	    -c http.extraheader="x-magic-two: cadabra" \
+	    fetch "$HTTPD_URL/smart_headers/repo.git" &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 160000,$(git rev-parse HEAD),sub &&
+	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.path sub &&
+	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.url \
+		"$HTTPD_URL/smart_headers/repo.git" &&
+	git submodule init sub &&
+	test_must_fail git submodule update sub &&
+	git -c http.extraheader="x-magic-one: abra" \
+	    -c http.extraheader="x-magic-two: cadabra" \
+		submodule update sub
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'using fetch command in remote-curl updates refs' '
+	SERVER="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/twobranch" &&
+	rm -rf "$SERVER" client &&
+
+	git init "$SERVER" &&
+	test_commit -C "$SERVER" foo &&
+	git -C "$SERVER" update-ref refs/heads/anotherbranch foo &&
+
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/smart/twobranch client &&
+
+	test_commit -C "$SERVER" bar &&
+	git -C client -c protocol.version=0 fetch &&
+
+	git -C "$SERVER" rev-parse master >expect &&
+	git -C client rev-parse origin/master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_REDACT_COOKIES redacts cookies' '
+	rm -rf clone &&
+	echo "Set-Cookie: Foo=1" >cookies &&
+	echo "Set-Cookie: Bar=2" >>cookies &&
+	GIT_TRACE_CURL=true GIT_REDACT_COOKIES=Bar,Baz \
+		git -c "http.cookieFile=$(pwd)/cookies" clone \
+		$HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git clone 2>err &&
+	grep "Cookie:.*Foo=1" err &&
+	grep "Cookie:.*Bar=<redacted>" err &&
+	! grep "Cookie:.*Bar=2" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_REDACT_COOKIES handles empty values' '
+	rm -rf clone &&
+	echo "Set-Cookie: Foo=" >cookies &&
+	GIT_TRACE_CURL=true GIT_REDACT_COOKIES=Foo \
+		git -c "http.cookieFile=$(pwd)/cookies" clone \
+		$HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git clone 2>err &&
+	grep "Cookie:.*Foo=<redacted>" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_TRACE_CURL_NO_DATA prevents data from being traced' '
+	rm -rf clone &&
+	GIT_TRACE_CURL=true \
+		git clone $HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git clone 2>err &&
+	grep "=> Send data" err &&
+
+	rm -rf clone &&
+	GIT_TRACE_CURL=true GIT_TRACE_CURL_NO_DATA=1 \
+		git clone $HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git clone 2>err &&
+	! grep "=> Send data" err
+'
+
 stop_httpd
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5552-skipping-fetch-negotiator.sh b/t/t5552-skipping-fetch-negotiator.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5ad5bece55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5552-skipping-fetch-negotiator.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test skipping fetch negotiator'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+have_sent () {
+	while test "$#" -ne 0
+	do
+		grep "fetch> have $(git -C client rev-parse $1)" trace
+		if test $? -ne 0
+		then
+			echo "No have $(git -C client rev-parse $1) ($1)"
+			return 1
+		fi
+		shift
+	done
+}
+
+have_not_sent () {
+	while test "$#" -ne 0
+	do
+		grep "fetch> have $(git -C client rev-parse $1)" trace
+		if test $? -eq 0
+		then
+			return 1
+		fi
+		shift
+	done
+}
+
+# trace_fetch <client_dir> <server_dir> [args]
+#
+# Trace the packet output of fetch, but make sure we disable the variable
+# in the child upload-pack, so we don't combine the results in the same file.
+trace_fetch () {
+	client=$1; shift
+	server=$1; shift
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/trace" \
+	git -C "$client" fetch \
+	  --upload-pack 'unset GIT_TRACE_PACKET; git-upload-pack' \
+	  "$server" "$@"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'commits with no parents are sent regardless of skip distance' '
+	git init server &&
+	test_commit -C server to_fetch &&
+
+	git init client &&
+	for i in $(seq 7)
+	do
+		test_commit -C client c$i
+	done &&
+
+	# We send: "c7" (skip 1) "c5" (skip 2) "c2" (skip 4). After that, since
+	# "c1" has no parent, it is still sent as "have" even though it would
+	# normally be skipped.
+	test_config -C client fetch.negotiationalgorithm skipping &&
+	trace_fetch client "$(pwd)/server" &&
+	have_sent c7 c5 c2 c1 &&
+	have_not_sent c6 c4 c3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unknown fetch.negotiationAlgorithm values error out' '
+	rm -rf server client trace &&
+	git init server &&
+	test_commit -C server to_fetch &&
+
+	git init client &&
+	test_commit -C client on_client &&
+	git -C client checkout on_client &&
+
+	test_config -C client fetch.negotiationAlgorithm invalid &&
+	test_must_fail git -C client fetch "$(pwd)/server" 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "unknown fetch negotiation algorithm" err &&
+
+	# Explicit "default" value
+	test_config -C client fetch.negotiationAlgorithm default &&
+	git -C client -c fetch.negotiationAlgorithm=default fetch "$(pwd)/server" &&
+
+	# Implementation detail: If there is nothing to fetch, we will not error out
+	test_config -C client fetch.negotiationAlgorithm invalid &&
+	git -C client fetch "$(pwd)/server" 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "unknown fetch negotiation algorithm" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'when two skips collide, favor the larger one' '
+	rm -rf server client trace &&
+	git init server &&
+	test_commit -C server to_fetch &&
+
+	git init client &&
+	for i in $(seq 11)
+	do
+		test_commit -C client c$i
+	done &&
+	git -C client checkout c5 &&
+	test_commit -C client c5side &&
+
+	# Before reaching c5, we send "c5side" (skip 1) and "c11" (skip 1) "c9"
+	# (skip 2) "c6" (skip 4). The larger skip (skip 4) takes precedence, so
+	# the next "have" sent will be "c1" (from "c6" skip 4) and not "c4"
+	# (from "c5side" skip 1).
+	test_config -C client fetch.negotiationalgorithm skipping &&
+	trace_fetch client "$(pwd)/server" &&
+	have_sent c5side c11 c9 c6 c1 &&
+	have_not_sent c10 c8 c7 c5 c4 c3 c2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use ref advertisement to filter out commits' '
+	rm -rf server client trace &&
+	git init server &&
+	test_commit -C server c1 &&
+	test_commit -C server c2 &&
+	test_commit -C server c3 &&
+	git -C server tag -d c1 c2 c3 &&
+
+	git clone server client &&
+	test_commit -C client c4 &&
+	test_commit -C client c5 &&
+	git -C client checkout c4^^ &&
+	test_commit -C client c2side &&
+
+	git -C server checkout --orphan anotherbranch &&
+	test_commit -C server to_fetch &&
+
+	# The server advertising "c3" (as "refs/heads/master") means that we do
+	# not need to send any ancestors of "c3", but we still need to send "c3"
+	# itself.
+	test_config -C client fetch.negotiationalgorithm skipping &&
+	trace_fetch client origin to_fetch &&
+	have_sent c5 c4^ c2side &&
+	have_not_sent c4 c4^^ c4^^^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'handle clock skew' '
+	rm -rf server client trace &&
+	git init server &&
+	test_commit -C server to_fetch &&
+
+	git init client &&
+
+	# 2 regular commits
+	test_tick=2000000000 &&
+	test_commit -C client c1 &&
+	test_commit -C client c2 &&
+
+	# 4 old commits
+	test_tick=1000000000 &&
+	git -C client checkout c1 &&
+	test_commit -C client old1 &&
+	test_commit -C client old2 &&
+	test_commit -C client old3 &&
+	test_commit -C client old4 &&
+
+	# "c2" and "c1" are popped first, then "old4" to "old1". "old1" would
+	# normally be skipped, but is treated as a commit without a parent here
+	# and sent, because (due to clock skew) its only parent has already been
+	# popped off the priority queue.
+	test_config -C client fetch.negotiationalgorithm skipping &&
+	trace_fetch client "$(pwd)/server" &&
+	have_sent c2 c1 old4 old2 old1 &&
+	have_not_sent old3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not send "have" with ancestors of commits that server ACKed' '
+	rm -rf server client trace &&
+	git init server &&
+	test_commit -C server to_fetch &&
+
+	git init client &&
+	for i in $(seq 8)
+	do
+		git -C client checkout --orphan b$i &&
+		test_commit -C client b$i.c0
+	done &&
+	for j in $(seq 19)
+	do
+		for i in $(seq 8)
+		do
+			git -C client checkout b$i &&
+			test_commit -C client b$i.c$j
+		done
+	done &&
+
+	# Copy this branch over to the server and add a commit on it so that it
+	# is reachable but not advertised.
+	git -C server fetch --no-tags "$(pwd)/client" b1:refs/heads/b1 &&
+	git -C server checkout b1 &&
+	test_commit -C server commit-on-b1 &&
+
+	test_config -C client fetch.negotiationalgorithm skipping &&
+	trace_fetch client "$(pwd)/server" to_fetch &&
+	grep "  fetch" trace &&
+
+	# fetch-pack sends 2 requests each containing 16 "have" lines before
+	# processing the first response. In these 2 requests, 4 commits from
+	# each branch are sent. Just check the first branch.
+	have_sent b1.c19 b1.c17 b1.c14 b1.c9 &&
+	have_not_sent b1.c18 b1.c16 b1.c15 b1.c13 b1.c12 b1.c11 b1.c10 &&
+
+	# While fetch-pack is processing the first response, it should read that
+	# the server ACKs b1.c19 and b1.c17.
+	grep "fetch< ACK $(git -C client rev-parse b1.c19) common" trace &&
+	grep "fetch< ACK $(git -C client rev-parse b1.c17) common" trace &&
+
+	# fetch-pack should thus not send any more commits in the b1 branch, but
+	# should still send the others (in this test, just check b2).
+	for i in $(seq 0 8)
+	do
+		have_not_sent b1.c$i
+	done &&
+	have_sent b2.c1 b2.c0
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5560-http-backend-noserver.sh b/t/t5560-http-backend-noserver.sh
index aa73eeaef8..9fafcf1945 100755
--- a/t/t5560-http-backend-noserver.sh
+++ b/t/t5560-http-backend-noserver.sh
@@ -44,10 +44,6 @@ POST() {
 	test_cmp exp act
 }
 
-log_div() {
-	return 0
-}
-
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t556x_common
 
 expect_aliased() {
diff --git a/t/t5561-http-backend.sh b/t/t5561-http-backend.sh
index d23fb02384..1c49054595 100755
--- a/t/t5561-http-backend.sh
+++ b/t/t5561-http-backend.sh
@@ -2,17 +2,17 @@
 
 test_description='test git-http-backend'
 . ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
 
-if test -n "$NO_CURL"; then
-	skip_all='skipping test, git built without http support'
+if ! test_have_prereq CURL; then
+	skip_all='skipping raw http-backend tests, curl not available'
 	test_done
 fi
 
-. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
 start_httpd
 
 GET() {
-	curl --include "$HTTPD_URL/$SMART/repo.git/$1" >out 2>/dev/null &&
+	curl --include "$HTTPD_URL/$SMART/repo.git/$1" >out &&
 	tr '\015' Q <out |
 	sed '
 		s/Q$//
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ GET() {
 POST() {
 	curl --include --data "$2" \
 	--header "Content-Type: application/x-$1-request" \
-	"$HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git/$1" >out 2>/dev/null &&
+	"$HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git/$1" >out &&
 	tr '\015' Q <out |
 	sed '
 		s/Q$//
@@ -35,15 +35,9 @@ POST() {
 	test_cmp exp act
 }
 
-log_div() {
-	echo >>"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log
-	echo "###  $1" >>"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log
-	echo "###" >>"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log
-}
-
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t556x_common
 
-cat >exp <<EOF
+grep '^[^#]' >exp <<EOF
 
 ###  refs/heads/master
 ###
@@ -135,13 +129,7 @@ GET  /smart/repo.git/info/refs?service=git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 403 -
 POST /smart/repo.git/git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 403 -
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'server request log matches test results' '
-	sed -e "
-		s/^.* \"//
-		s/\"//
-		s/ [1-9][0-9]*\$//
-		s/^GET /GET  /
-	" >act <"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log &&
-	test_cmp exp act
+	check_access_log exp
 '
 
 stop_httpd
diff --git a/t/t5562-http-backend-content-length.sh b/t/t5562-http-backend-content-length.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..43570ce120
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5562-http-backend-content-length.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test git-http-backend respects CONTENT_LENGTH'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_lazy_prereq GZIP 'gzip --version'
+
+verify_http_result() {
+	# some fatal errors still produce status 200
+	# so check if there is the error message
+	if grep 'fatal:' act.err
+	then
+		return 1
+	fi
+
+	if ! grep "Status" act.out >act
+	then
+		printf "Status: 200 OK\r\n" >act
+	fi
+	printf "Status: $1\r\n" >exp &&
+	test_cmp exp act
+}
+
+test_http_env() {
+	handler_type="$1"
+	request_body="$2"
+	shift
+	env \
+		CONTENT_TYPE="application/x-git-$handler_type-pack-request" \
+		QUERY_STRING="/repo.git/git-$handler_type-pack" \
+		PATH_TRANSLATED="$PWD/.git/git-$handler_type-pack" \
+		GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL=TRUE \
+		REQUEST_METHOD=POST \
+		"$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5562/invoke-with-content-length.pl \
+		    "$request_body" git http-backend >act.out 2>act.err
+}
+
+ssize_b100dots() {
+	# hardcoded ((size_t) SSIZE_MAX) + 1
+	case "$(build_option sizeof-size_t)" in
+	8) echo 9223372036854775808;;
+	4) echo 2147483648;;
+	*) die "Unexpected ssize_t size: $(build_option sizeof-size_t)";;
+	esac
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	HTTP_CONTENT_ENCODING="identity" &&
+	export HTTP_CONTENT_ENCODING &&
+	git config http.receivepack true &&
+	test_commit c0 &&
+	test_commit c1 &&
+	hash_head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	hash_prev=$(git rev-parse HEAD~1) &&
+	printf "want %s" "$hash_head" | packetize >fetch_body &&
+	printf 0000 >>fetch_body &&
+	printf "have %s" "$hash_prev" | packetize >>fetch_body &&
+	printf done | packetize >>fetch_body &&
+	test_copy_bytes 10 <fetch_body >fetch_body.trunc &&
+	hash_next=$(git commit-tree -p HEAD -m next HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	printf "%s %s refs/heads/newbranch\\0report-status\\n" "$_z40" "$hash_next" | packetize >push_body &&
+	printf 0000 >>push_body &&
+	echo "$hash_next" | git pack-objects --stdout >>push_body &&
+	test_copy_bytes 10 <push_body >push_body.trunc &&
+	: >empty_body
+'
+
+test_expect_success GZIP 'setup, compression related' '
+	gzip -c fetch_body >fetch_body.gz &&
+	test_copy_bytes 10 <fetch_body.gz >fetch_body.gz.trunc &&
+	gzip -c push_body >push_body.gz &&
+	test_copy_bytes 10 <push_body.gz >push_body.gz.trunc
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch plain' '
+	test_http_env upload fetch_body &&
+	verify_http_result "200 OK"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch plain truncated' '
+	test_http_env upload fetch_body.trunc &&
+	! verify_http_result "200 OK"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch plain empty' '
+	test_http_env upload empty_body &&
+	! verify_http_result "200 OK"
+'
+
+test_expect_success GZIP 'fetch gzipped' '
+	test_env HTTP_CONTENT_ENCODING="gzip" test_http_env upload fetch_body.gz &&
+	verify_http_result "200 OK"
+'
+
+test_expect_success GZIP 'fetch gzipped truncated' '
+	test_env HTTP_CONTENT_ENCODING="gzip" test_http_env upload fetch_body.gz.trunc &&
+	! verify_http_result "200 OK"
+'
+
+test_expect_success GZIP 'fetch gzipped empty' '
+	test_env HTTP_CONTENT_ENCODING="gzip" test_http_env upload empty_body &&
+	! verify_http_result "200 OK"
+'
+
+test_expect_success GZIP 'push plain' '
+	test_when_finished "git branch -D newbranch" &&
+	test_http_env receive push_body &&
+	verify_http_result "200 OK" &&
+	git rev-parse newbranch >act.head &&
+	echo "$hash_next" >exp.head &&
+	test_cmp act.head exp.head
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push plain truncated' '
+	test_http_env receive push_body.trunc &&
+	! verify_http_result "200 OK"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push plain empty' '
+	test_http_env receive empty_body &&
+	! verify_http_result "200 OK"
+'
+
+test_expect_success GZIP 'push gzipped' '
+	test_when_finished "git branch -D newbranch" &&
+	test_env HTTP_CONTENT_ENCODING="gzip" test_http_env receive push_body.gz &&
+	verify_http_result "200 OK" &&
+	git rev-parse newbranch >act.head &&
+	echo "$hash_next" >exp.head &&
+	test_cmp act.head exp.head
+'
+
+test_expect_success GZIP 'push gzipped truncated' '
+	test_env HTTP_CONTENT_ENCODING="gzip" test_http_env receive push_body.gz.trunc &&
+	! verify_http_result "200 OK"
+'
+
+test_expect_success GZIP 'push gzipped empty' '
+	test_env HTTP_CONTENT_ENCODING="gzip" test_http_env receive empty_body &&
+	! verify_http_result "200 OK"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'CONTENT_LENGTH overflow ssite_t' '
+	NOT_FIT_IN_SSIZE=$(ssize_b100dots) &&
+	env \
+		CONTENT_TYPE=application/x-git-upload-pack-request \
+		QUERY_STRING=/repo.git/git-upload-pack \
+		PATH_TRANSLATED="$PWD"/.git/git-upload-pack \
+		GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL=TRUE \
+		REQUEST_METHOD=POST \
+		CONTENT_LENGTH="$NOT_FIT_IN_SSIZE" \
+		git http-backend </dev/zero >/dev/null 2>err &&
+	grep "fatal:.*CONTENT_LENGTH" err
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5562/invoke-with-content-length.pl b/t/t5562/invoke-with-content-length.pl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..6c2aae7692
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5562/invoke-with-content-length.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+use 5.008;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+my $body_filename = $ARGV[0];
+my @command = @ARGV[1 .. $#ARGV];
+
+# read data
+my $body_size = -s $body_filename;
+$ENV{"CONTENT_LENGTH"} = $body_size;
+open(my $body_fh, "<", $body_filename) or die "Cannot open $body_filename: $!";
+my $body_data;
+defined read($body_fh, $body_data, $body_size) or die "Cannot read $body_filename: $!";
+close($body_fh);
+
+my $exited = 0;
+$SIG{"CHLD"} = sub {
+        $exited = 1;
+};
+
+# write data
+my $pid = open(my $out, "|-", @command);
+{
+        # disable buffering at $out
+        my $old_selected = select;
+        select $out;
+        $| = 1;
+        select $old_selected;
+}
+print $out $body_data or die "Cannot write data: $!";
+
+sleep 60; # is interrupted by SIGCHLD
+if (!$exited) {
+        close($out);
+        die "Command did not exit after reading whole body";
+}
diff --git a/t/t556x_common b/t/t556x_common
index 82926cfdb7..359fcfe32b 100755
--- a/t/t556x_common
+++ b/t/t556x_common
@@ -52,21 +52,17 @@ get_static_files() {
 SMART=smart
 GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL=1 && export GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL
 test_expect_success 'direct refs/heads/master not found' '
-	log_div "refs/heads/master" &&
 	GET refs/heads/master "404 Not Found"
 '
 test_expect_success 'static file is ok' '
-	log_div "getanyfile default" &&
 	get_static_files "200 OK"
 '
 SMART=smart_noexport
 unset GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL
 test_expect_success 'no export by default' '
-	log_div "no git-daemon-export-ok" &&
 	get_static_files "404 Not Found"
 '
 test_expect_success 'export if git-daemon-export-ok' '
-	log_div "git-daemon-export-ok" &&
         (cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
 	 touch git-daemon-export-ok
 	) &&
@@ -75,47 +71,39 @@ test_expect_success 'export if git-daemon-export-ok' '
 SMART=smart
 GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL=1 && export GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL
 test_expect_success 'static file if http.getanyfile true is ok' '
-	log_div "getanyfile true" &&
 	config http.getanyfile true &&
 	get_static_files "200 OK"
 '
 test_expect_success 'static file if http.getanyfile false fails' '
-	log_div "getanyfile false" &&
 	config http.getanyfile false &&
 	get_static_files "403 Forbidden"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'http.uploadpack default enabled' '
-	log_div "uploadpack default" &&
 	GET info/refs?service=git-upload-pack "200 OK"  &&
 	POST git-upload-pack 0000 "200 OK"
 '
 test_expect_success 'http.uploadpack true' '
-	log_div "uploadpack true" &&
 	config http.uploadpack true &&
 	GET info/refs?service=git-upload-pack "200 OK" &&
 	POST git-upload-pack 0000 "200 OK"
 '
 test_expect_success 'http.uploadpack false' '
-	log_div "uploadpack false" &&
 	config http.uploadpack false &&
 	GET info/refs?service=git-upload-pack "403 Forbidden" &&
 	POST git-upload-pack 0000 "403 Forbidden"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'http.receivepack default disabled' '
-	log_div "receivepack default" &&
 	GET info/refs?service=git-receive-pack "403 Forbidden"  &&
 	POST git-receive-pack 0000 "403 Forbidden"
 '
 test_expect_success 'http.receivepack true' '
-	log_div "receivepack true" &&
 	config http.receivepack true &&
 	GET info/refs?service=git-receive-pack "200 OK" &&
 	POST git-receive-pack 0000 "200 OK"
 '
 test_expect_success 'http.receivepack false' '
-	log_div "receivepack false" &&
 	config http.receivepack false &&
 	GET info/refs?service=git-receive-pack "403 Forbidden" &&
 	POST git-receive-pack 0000 "403 Forbidden"
diff --git a/t/t5570-git-daemon.sh b/t/t5570-git-daemon.sh
index b7e283252d..7466aad111 100755
--- a/t/t5570-git-daemon.sh
+++ b/t/t5570-git-daemon.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,12 @@ test_description='test fetching over git protocol'
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-git-daemon.sh
 start_git_daemon
 
+check_verbose_connect () {
+	test_i18ngrep -F "Looking up 127.0.0.1 ..." stderr &&
+	test_i18ngrep -F "Connecting to 127.0.0.1 (port " stderr &&
+	test_i18ngrep -F "done." stderr
+}
+
 test_expect_success 'setup repository' '
 	git config push.default matching &&
 	echo content >file &&
@@ -24,7 +30,8 @@ test_expect_success 'create git-accessible bare repository' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone git repository' '
-	git clone "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/repo.git" clone &&
+	git clone -v "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/repo.git" clone 2>stderr &&
+	check_verbose_connect &&
 	test_cmp file clone/file
 '
 
@@ -32,10 +39,21 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch changes via git protocol' '
 	echo content >>file &&
 	git commit -a -m two &&
 	git push public &&
-	(cd clone && git pull) &&
+	(cd clone && git pull -v) 2>stderr &&
+	check_verbose_connect &&
 	test_cmp file clone/file
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'no-op fetch -v stderr is as expected' '
+	(cd clone && git fetch -v) 2>stderr &&
+	check_verbose_connect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no-op fetch without "-v" is quiet' '
+	(cd clone && git fetch 2>../stderr) &&
+	test_must_be_empty stderr
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'remote detects correct HEAD' '
 	git push public master:other &&
 	(cd clone &&
@@ -57,7 +75,7 @@ test_expect_success 'prepare pack objects' '
 test_expect_success 'fetch notices corrupt pack' '
 	cp -R "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_pack.git "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_bad1.git &&
 	(cd "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_bad1.git &&
-	 p=`ls objects/pack/pack-*.pack` &&
+	 p=$(ls objects/pack/pack-*.pack) &&
 	 chmod u+w $p &&
 	 printf %0256d 0 | dd of=$p bs=256 count=1 seek=1 conv=notrunc
 	) &&
@@ -65,14 +83,14 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch notices corrupt pack' '
 	(cd repo_bad1.git &&
 	 git --bare init &&
 	 test_must_fail git --bare fetch "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/repo_bad1.git" &&
-	 test 0 = `ls objects/pack/pack-*.pack | wc -l`
+	 test 0 = $(ls objects/pack/pack-*.pack | wc -l)
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fetch notices corrupt idx' '
 	cp -R "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_pack.git "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_bad2.git &&
 	(cd "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_bad2.git &&
-	 p=`ls objects/pack/pack-*.idx` &&
+	 p=$(ls objects/pack/pack-*.idx) &&
 	 chmod u+w $p &&
 	 printf %0256d 0 | dd of=$p bs=256 count=1 seek=1 conv=notrunc
 	) &&
@@ -80,7 +98,7 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch notices corrupt idx' '
 	(cd repo_bad2.git &&
 	 git --bare init &&
 	 test_must_fail git --bare fetch "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/repo_bad2.git" &&
-	 test 0 = `ls objects/pack | wc -l`
+	 test 0 = $(ls objects/pack | wc -l)
 	)
 '
 
@@ -149,23 +167,48 @@ test_expect_success 'access repo via interpolated hostname' '
 	git init --bare "$repo" &&
 	git push "$repo" HEAD &&
 	>"$repo"/git-daemon-export-ok &&
-	rm -rf tmp.git &&
 	GIT_OVERRIDE_VIRTUAL_HOST=localhost \
-		git clone --bare "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/interp.git" tmp.git &&
-	rm -rf tmp.git &&
+		git ls-remote "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/interp.git" &&
 	GIT_OVERRIDE_VIRTUAL_HOST=LOCALHOST \
-		git clone --bare "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/interp.git" tmp.git
+		git ls-remote "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/interp.git"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'hostname cannot break out of directory' '
-	rm -rf tmp.git &&
 	repo="$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/../escape.git" &&
 	git init --bare "$repo" &&
 	git push "$repo" HEAD &&
 	>"$repo"/git-daemon-export-ok &&
 	test_must_fail \
 		env GIT_OVERRIDE_VIRTUAL_HOST=.. \
-		git clone --bare "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/escape.git" tmp.git
+		git ls-remote "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/escape.git"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'daemon log records all attributes' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	Extended attribute "host": localhost
+	Extended attribute "protocol": version=1
+	EOF
+	>daemon.log &&
+	GIT_OVERRIDE_VIRTUAL_HOST=localhost \
+		git -c protocol.version=1 \
+			ls-remote "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/interp.git" &&
+	grep -i extended.attribute daemon.log | cut -d" " -f2- >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success FAKENC 'hostname interpolation works after LF-stripping' '
+	{
+		printf "git-upload-pack /interp.git\n\0host=localhost" | packetize
+		printf "0000"
+	} >input &&
+	fake_nc "$GIT_DAEMON_HOST_PORT" <input >output &&
+	depacketize <output >output.raw &&
+
+	# just pick out the value of master, which avoids any protocol
+	# particulars
+	perl -lne "print \$1 if m{^(\\S+) refs/heads/master}" <output.raw >actual &&
+	git -C "$repo" rev-parse master >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 stop_git_daemon
diff --git a/t/t5571-pre-push-hook.sh b/t/t5571-pre-push-hook.sh
index 6f9916a390..ac53d63869 100755
--- a/t/t5571-pre-push-hook.sh
+++ b/t/t5571-pre-push-hook.sh
@@ -78,8 +78,8 @@ test_expect_success 'push to default' '
 cat >expected <<EOF
 parent1
 repo1
-refs/tags/one $COMMIT1 refs/tags/tag1 $_z40
-HEAD~ $COMMIT2 refs/heads/prev $_z40
+refs/tags/one $COMMIT1 refs/tags/tag1 $ZERO_OID
+HEAD~ $COMMIT2 refs/heads/prev $ZERO_OID
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'push non-branches' '
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push non-branches' '
 cat >expected <<EOF
 parent1
 repo1
-(delete) $_z40 refs/heads/prev $COMMIT2
+(delete) $ZERO_OID refs/heads/prev $COMMIT2
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'push delete' '
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push delete' '
 cat >expected <<EOF
 repo1
 repo1
-HEAD $COMMIT3 refs/heads/other $_z40
+HEAD $COMMIT3 refs/heads/other $ZERO_OID
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'push to URL' '
@@ -109,23 +109,20 @@ test_expect_success 'push to URL' '
 	diff expected actual
 '
 
-# Test that filling pipe buffers doesn't cause failure
-# Too slow to leave enabled for general use
-if false
-then
-	printf 'parent1\nrepo1\n' >expected
-	nr=1000
-	while test $nr -lt 2000
-	do
-		nr=$(( $nr + 1 ))
-		git branch b/$nr $COMMIT3
-		echo "refs/heads/b/$nr $COMMIT3 refs/heads/b/$nr $_z40" >>expected
-	done
-
-	test_expect_success 'push many refs' '
-		git push parent1 "refs/heads/b/*:refs/heads/b/*" &&
-		diff expected actual
-	'
-fi
+test_expect_success 'set up many-ref tests' '
+	{
+		nr=1000
+		while test $nr -lt 2000
+		do
+			nr=$(( $nr + 1 ))
+			echo "create refs/heads/b/$nr $COMMIT3"
+		done
+	} | git update-ref --stdin
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sigpipe does not cause pre-push hook failure' '
+	echo "exit 0" | write_script "$HOOK" &&
+	git push parent1 "refs/heads/b/*:refs/heads/b/*"
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5572-pull-submodule.sh b/t/t5572-pull-submodule.sh
index accfa5cc0c..f916729a12 100755
--- a/t/t5572-pull-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t5572-pull-submodule.sh
@@ -42,4 +42,115 @@ KNOWN_FAILURE_NOFF_MERGE_DOESNT_CREATE_EMPTY_SUBMODULE_DIR=1
 KNOWN_FAILURE_NOFF_MERGE_ATTEMPTS_TO_MERGE_REMOVED_SUBMODULE_FILES=1
 test_submodule_switch "git_pull_noff"
 
+test_expect_success 'pull --recurse-submodule setup' '
+	test_create_repo child &&
+	test_commit -C child bar &&
+
+	test_create_repo parent &&
+	test_commit -C child foo &&
+
+	git -C parent submodule add ../child sub &&
+	git -C parent commit -m "add submodule" &&
+
+	git clone --recurse-submodules parent super
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'recursive pull updates working tree' '
+	test_commit -C child merge_strategy &&
+	git -C parent submodule update --remote &&
+	git -C parent add sub &&
+	git -C parent commit -m "update submodule" &&
+
+	git -C super pull --no-rebase --recurse-submodules &&
+	test_path_is_file super/sub/merge_strategy.t
+'
+
+test_expect_success "submodule.recurse option triggers recursive pull" '
+	test_commit -C child merge_strategy_2 &&
+	git -C parent submodule update --remote &&
+	git -C parent add sub &&
+	git -C parent commit -m "update submodule" &&
+
+	git -C super -c submodule.recurse pull --no-rebase &&
+	test_path_is_file super/sub/merge_strategy_2.t
+'
+
+test_expect_success " --[no-]recurse-submodule and submodule.recurse" '
+	test_commit -C child merge_strategy_3 &&
+	git -C parent submodule update --remote &&
+	git -C parent add sub &&
+	git -C parent commit -m "update submodule" &&
+
+	git -C super -c submodule.recurse pull --no-recurse-submodules --no-rebase &&
+	test_path_is_missing super/sub/merge_strategy_3.t &&
+	git -C super -c submodule.recurse=false pull --recurse-submodules --no-rebase &&
+	test_path_is_file super/sub/merge_strategy_3.t &&
+
+	test_commit -C child merge_strategy_4 &&
+	git -C parent submodule update --remote &&
+	git -C parent add sub &&
+	git -C parent commit -m "update submodule" &&
+
+	git -C super -c submodule.recurse=false pull --no-recurse-submodules --no-rebase &&
+	test_path_is_missing super/sub/merge_strategy_4.t &&
+	git -C super -c submodule.recurse=true pull --recurse-submodules --no-rebase &&
+	test_path_is_file super/sub/merge_strategy_4.t
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'recursive rebasing pull' '
+	# change upstream
+	test_commit -C child rebase_strategy &&
+	git -C parent submodule update --remote &&
+	git -C parent add sub &&
+	git -C parent commit -m "update submodule" &&
+
+	# also have local commits
+	test_commit -C super/sub local_stuff &&
+
+	git -C super pull --rebase --recurse-submodules &&
+	test_path_is_file super/sub/rebase_strategy.t &&
+	test_path_is_file super/sub/local_stuff.t
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull rebase recursing fails with conflicts' '
+
+	# local changes in submodule recorded in superproject:
+	test_commit -C super/sub local_stuff_2 &&
+	git -C super add sub &&
+	git -C super commit -m "local update submodule" &&
+
+	# and in the remote as well:
+	test_commit -C child important_upstream_work &&
+	git -C parent submodule update --remote &&
+	git -C parent add sub &&
+	git -C parent commit -m "remote update submodule" &&
+
+	# Unfortunately we fail here, despite no conflict in the
+	# submodule itself, but the merge strategy in submodules
+	# does not support rebase:
+	test_must_fail git -C super pull --rebase --recurse-submodules 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "locally recorded submodule modifications" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch has no merge base with remote-tracking counterpart' '
+	rm -rf parent child &&
+
+	test_create_repo a-submodule &&
+	test_commit -C a-submodule foo &&
+
+	test_create_repo parent &&
+	git -C parent submodule add "$(pwd)/a-submodule" &&
+	git -C parent commit -m foo &&
+
+	git clone parent child &&
+
+	# Reset master so that it has no merge base with
+	# refs/remotes/origin/master.
+	OTHER=$(git -C child commit-tree -m bar \
+		$(git -C child rev-parse HEAD^{tree})) &&
+	git -C child reset --hard "$OTHER" &&
+
+	git -C child pull --recurse-submodules --rebase
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5573-pull-verify-signatures.sh b/t/t5573-pull-verify-signatures.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..747775c147
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5573-pull-verify-signatures.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='pull signature verification tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY/lib-gpg.sh"
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'create repositories with signed commits' '
+	echo 1 >a && git add a &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag initial &&
+
+	git clone . signed &&
+	(
+		cd signed &&
+		echo 2 >b && git add b &&
+		test_tick && git commit -S -m "signed"
+	) &&
+
+	git clone . unsigned &&
+	(
+		cd unsigned &&
+		echo 3 >c && git add c &&
+		test_tick && git commit -m "unsigned"
+	) &&
+
+	git clone . bad &&
+	(
+		cd bad &&
+		echo 4 >d && git add d &&
+		test_tick && git commit -S -m "bad" &&
+		git cat-file commit HEAD >raw &&
+		sed -e "s/^bad/forged bad/" raw >forged &&
+		git hash-object -w -t commit forged >forged.commit &&
+		git checkout $(cat forged.commit)
+	) &&
+
+	git clone . untrusted &&
+	(
+		cd untrusted &&
+		echo 5 >e && git add e &&
+		test_tick && git commit -SB7227189 -m "untrusted"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'pull unsigned commit with --verify-signatures' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_must_fail git pull --ff-only --verify-signatures unsigned 2>pullerror &&
+	test_i18ngrep "does not have a GPG signature" pullerror
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'pull commit with bad signature with --verify-signatures' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_must_fail git pull --ff-only --verify-signatures bad 2>pullerror &&
+	test_i18ngrep "has a bad GPG signature" pullerror
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'pull commit with untrusted signature with --verify-signatures' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_must_fail git pull --ff-only --verify-signatures untrusted 2>pullerror &&
+	test_i18ngrep "has an untrusted GPG signature" pullerror
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'pull signed commit with --verify-signatures' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	git pull --verify-signatures signed >pulloutput &&
+	test_i18ngrep "has a good GPG signature" pulloutput
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'pull commit with bad signature without verification' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	git pull --ff-only bad 2>pullerror
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'pull commit with bad signature with --no-verify-signatures' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_config merge.verifySignatures true &&
+	test_config pull.verifySignatures true &&
+	git pull --ff-only --no-verify-signatures bad 2>pullerror
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5580-clone-push-unc.sh b/t/t5580-clone-push-unc.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ba548df4a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5580-clone-push-unc.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='various Windows-only path tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if test_have_prereq CYGWIN
+then
+	alias winpwd='cygpath -aw .'
+elif test_have_prereq MINGW
+then
+	alias winpwd=pwd
+else
+	skip_all='skipping Windows-only path tests'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+UNCPATH="$(winpwd)"
+case "$UNCPATH" in
+[A-Z]:*)
+	# Use administrative share e.g. \\localhost\C$\git-sdk-64\usr\src\git
+	# (we use forward slashes here because MSYS2 and Git accept them, and
+	# they are easier on the eyes)
+	UNCPATH="//localhost/${UNCPATH%%:*}\$/${UNCPATH#?:}"
+	test -d "$UNCPATH" || {
+		skip_all='could not access administrative share; skipping'
+		test_done
+	}
+	;;
+*)
+	skip_all='skipping UNC path tests, cannot determine current path as UNC'
+	test_done
+	;;
+esac
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_commit initial
+'
+
+test_expect_success clone '
+	git clone "file://$UNCPATH" clone
+'
+
+test_expect_success push '
+	(
+		cd clone &&
+		git checkout -b to-push &&
+		test_commit to-push &&
+		git push origin HEAD
+	) &&
+	rev="$(git -C clone rev-parse --verify refs/heads/to-push)" &&
+	test "$rev" = "$(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/to-push)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success MINGW 'remote nick cannot contain backslashes' '
+	BACKSLASHED="$(winpwd | tr / \\\\)" &&
+	git ls-remote "$BACKSLASHED" >out 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "unable to access" err
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5600-clone-fail-cleanup.sh b/t/t5600-clone-fail-cleanup.sh
index 4435693bb2..4a1a912e03 100755
--- a/t/t5600-clone-fail-cleanup.sh
+++ b/t/t5600-clone-fail-cleanup.sh
@@ -7,46 +7,94 @@ test_description='test git clone to cleanup after failure
 
 This test covers the fact that if git clone fails, it should remove
 the directory it created, to avoid the user having to manually
-remove the directory before attempting a clone again.'
+remove the directory before attempting a clone again.
+
+Unless the directory already exists, in which case we clean up only what we
+wrote.
+'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'clone of non-existent source should fail' \
-    'test_must_fail git clone foo bar'
+corrupt_repo () {
+	test_when_finished "rmdir foo/.git/objects.bak" &&
+	mkdir foo/.git/objects.bak/ &&
+	test_when_finished "mv foo/.git/objects.bak/* foo/.git/objects/" &&
+	mv foo/.git/objects/* foo/.git/objects.bak/
+}
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'failed clone should not leave a directory' \
-    '! test -d bar'
+test_expect_success 'clone of non-existent source should fail' '
+	test_must_fail git clone foo bar
+'
 
-# Need a repo to clone
-test_create_repo foo
+test_expect_success 'failed clone should not leave a directory' '
+	test_path_is_missing bar
+'
 
-# clone doesn't like it if there is no HEAD. Is that a bug?
-(cd foo && touch file && git add file && git commit -m 'add file' >/dev/null 2>&1)
+test_expect_success 'create a repo to clone' '
+	test_create_repo foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create objects in repo for later corruption' '
+	test_commit -C foo file
+'
 
 # source repository given to git clone should be relative to the
 # current path not to the target dir
-test_expect_success \
-    'clone of non-existent (relative to $PWD) source should fail' \
-    'test_must_fail git clone ../foo baz'
+test_expect_success 'clone of non-existent (relative to $PWD) source should fail' '
+	test_must_fail git clone ../foo baz
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'clone should work now that source exists' \
-    'git clone foo bar'
+test_expect_success 'clone should work now that source exists' '
+	git clone foo bar
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'successful clone must leave the directory' \
-    'test -d bar'
+test_expect_success 'successful clone must leave the directory' '
+	test_path_is_dir bar
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'failed clone --separate-git-dir should not leave any directories' '
-	mkdir foo/.git/objects.bak/ &&
-	mv foo/.git/objects/* foo/.git/objects.bak/ &&
+	corrupt_repo &&
 	test_must_fail git clone --separate-git-dir gitdir foo worktree &&
-	test_must_fail test -e gitdir &&
-	test_must_fail test -e worktree &&
-	mv foo/.git/objects.bak/* foo/.git/objects/ &&
-	rmdir foo/.git/objects.bak
+	test_path_is_missing gitdir &&
+	test_path_is_missing worktree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'failed clone into empty leaves directory (vanilla)' '
+	mkdir -p empty &&
+	corrupt_repo &&
+	test_must_fail git clone foo empty &&
+	test_dir_is_empty empty
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'failed clone into empty leaves directory (bare)' '
+	mkdir -p empty &&
+	corrupt_repo &&
+	test_must_fail git clone --bare foo empty &&
+	test_dir_is_empty empty
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'failed clone into empty leaves directory (separate)' '
+	mkdir -p empty-git empty-wt &&
+	corrupt_repo &&
+	test_must_fail git clone --separate-git-dir empty-git foo empty-wt &&
+	test_dir_is_empty empty-git &&
+	test_dir_is_empty empty-wt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'failed clone into empty leaves directory (separate, git)' '
+	mkdir -p empty-git &&
+	corrupt_repo &&
+	test_must_fail git clone --separate-git-dir empty-git foo no-wt &&
+	test_dir_is_empty empty-git &&
+	test_path_is_missing no-wt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'failed clone into empty leaves directory (separate, wt)' '
+	mkdir -p empty-wt &&
+	corrupt_repo &&
+	test_must_fail git clone --separate-git-dir no-git foo empty-wt &&
+	test_path_is_missing no-git &&
+	test_dir_is_empty empty-wt
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5601-clone.sh b/t/t5601-clone.sh
index 02b40b117f..ddaa96ac4f 100755
--- a/t/t5601-clone.sh
+++ b/t/t5601-clone.sh
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ test_description=clone
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+X=
+test_have_prereq !MINGW || X=.exe
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 
 	rm -fr .git &&
@@ -65,6 +68,29 @@ test_expect_success 'clone respects GIT_WORK_TREE' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone from hooks' '
+
+	test_create_repo r0 &&
+	cd r0 &&
+	test_commit initial &&
+	cd .. &&
+	git init r1 &&
+	cd r1 &&
+	cat >.git/hooks/pre-commit <<-\EOF &&
+	#!/bin/sh
+	git clone ../r0 ../r2
+	exit 1
+	EOF
+	chmod u+x .git/hooks/pre-commit &&
+	: >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_must_fail git commit -m invoke-hook &&
+	cd .. &&
+	test_cmp r0/.git/HEAD r2/.git/HEAD &&
+	test_cmp r0/initial.t r2/initial.t
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'clone creates intermediate directories' '
 
 	git clone src long/path/to/dst &&
@@ -125,7 +151,7 @@ test_expect_success 'clone --mirror does not repeat tags' '
 	git clone --mirror src mirror2 &&
 	(cd mirror2 &&
 	 git show-ref 2> clone.err > clone.out) &&
-	test_must_fail grep Duplicate mirror2/clone.err &&
+	! grep Duplicate mirror2/clone.err &&
 	grep some-tag mirror2/clone.out
 
 '
@@ -221,7 +247,7 @@ test_expect_success 'clone separate gitdir' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone separate gitdir: output' '
-	echo "gitdir: `pwd`/realgitdir" >expected &&
+	echo "gitdir: $(pwd)/realgitdir" >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected dst/.git
 '
 
@@ -280,20 +306,21 @@ test_expect_success 'clone checking out a tag' '
 	test_cmp fetch.expected fetch.actual
 '
 
-setup_ssh_wrapper () {
-	test_expect_success 'setup ssh wrapper' '
-		write_script "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/ssh-wrapper" <<-\EOF &&
-		echo >>"$TRASH_DIRECTORY/ssh-output" "ssh: $*" &&
-		# throw away all but the last argument, which should be the
-		# command
-		while test $# -gt 1; do shift; done
-		eval "$1"
-		EOF
-		GIT_SSH="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/ssh-wrapper" &&
-		export GIT_SSH &&
-		export TRASH_DIRECTORY &&
-		>"$TRASH_DIRECTORY"/ssh-output
-	'
+test_expect_success 'set up ssh wrapper' '
+	cp "$GIT_BUILD_DIR/t/helper/test-fake-ssh$X" \
+		"$TRASH_DIRECTORY/ssh$X" &&
+	GIT_SSH="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/ssh$X" &&
+	export GIT_SSH &&
+	export TRASH_DIRECTORY &&
+	>"$TRASH_DIRECTORY"/ssh-output
+'
+
+copy_ssh_wrapper_as () {
+	rm -f "${1%$X}$X" &&
+	cp "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/ssh$X" "${1%$X}$X" &&
+	test_when_finished "rm $(git rev-parse --sq-quote "${1%$X}$X")" &&
+	GIT_SSH="${1%$X}$X" &&
+	test_when_finished "GIT_SSH=\"\$TRASH_DIRECTORY/ssh\$X\""
 }
 
 expect_ssh () {
@@ -317,8 +344,6 @@ expect_ssh () {
 	(cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" && test_cmp ssh-expect ssh-output)
 }
 
-setup_ssh_wrapper
-
 test_expect_success 'clone myhost:src uses ssh' '
 	git clone myhost:src ssh-clone &&
 	expect_ssh myhost src
@@ -332,7 +357,123 @@ test_expect_success !MINGW,!CYGWIN 'clone local path foo:bar' '
 
 test_expect_success 'bracketed hostnames are still ssh' '
 	git clone "[myhost:123]:src" ssh-bracket-clone &&
-	expect_ssh myhost '-p 123' src
+	expect_ssh "-p 123" myhost src
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'OpenSSH variant passes -4' '
+	git clone -4 "[myhost:123]:src" ssh-ipv4-clone &&
+	expect_ssh "-4 -p 123" myhost src
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'variant can be overridden' '
+	copy_ssh_wrapper_as "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/putty" &&
+	git -c ssh.variant=putty clone -4 "[myhost:123]:src" ssh-putty-clone &&
+	expect_ssh "-4 -P 123" myhost src
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'variant=auto picks based on basename' '
+	copy_ssh_wrapper_as "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/plink" &&
+	git -c ssh.variant=auto clone -4 "[myhost:123]:src" ssh-auto-clone &&
+	expect_ssh "-4 -P 123" myhost src
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'simple does not support -4/-6' '
+	copy_ssh_wrapper_as "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/simple" &&
+	test_must_fail git clone -4 "myhost:src" ssh-4-clone-simple
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'simple does not support port' '
+	copy_ssh_wrapper_as "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/simple" &&
+	test_must_fail git clone "[myhost:123]:src" ssh-bracket-clone-simple
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'uplink is treated as simple' '
+	copy_ssh_wrapper_as "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/uplink" &&
+	test_must_fail git clone "[myhost:123]:src" ssh-bracket-clone-uplink &&
+	git clone "myhost:src" ssh-clone-uplink &&
+	expect_ssh myhost src
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'OpenSSH-like uplink is treated as ssh' '
+	write_script "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/uplink" <<-EOF &&
+	if test "\$1" = "-G"
+	then
+		exit 0
+	fi &&
+	exec "\$TRASH_DIRECTORY/ssh$X" "\$@"
+	EOF
+	test_when_finished "rm -f \"\$TRASH_DIRECTORY/uplink\"" &&
+	GIT_SSH="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/uplink" &&
+	test_when_finished "GIT_SSH=\"\$TRASH_DIRECTORY/ssh\$X\"" &&
+	git clone "[myhost:123]:src" ssh-bracket-clone-sshlike-uplink &&
+	expect_ssh "-p 123" myhost src
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'plink is treated specially (as putty)' '
+	copy_ssh_wrapper_as "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/plink" &&
+	git clone "[myhost:123]:src" ssh-bracket-clone-plink-0 &&
+	expect_ssh "-P 123" myhost src
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'plink.exe is treated specially (as putty)' '
+	copy_ssh_wrapper_as "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/plink.exe" &&
+	git clone "[myhost:123]:src" ssh-bracket-clone-plink-1 &&
+	expect_ssh "-P 123" myhost src
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tortoiseplink is like putty, with extra arguments' '
+	copy_ssh_wrapper_as "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/tortoiseplink" &&
+	git clone "[myhost:123]:src" ssh-bracket-clone-plink-2 &&
+	expect_ssh "-batch -P 123" myhost src
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'double quoted plink.exe in GIT_SSH_COMMAND' '
+	copy_ssh_wrapper_as "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/plink.exe" &&
+	GIT_SSH_COMMAND="\"$TRASH_DIRECTORY/plink.exe\" -v" \
+		git clone "[myhost:123]:src" ssh-bracket-clone-plink-3 &&
+	expect_ssh "-v -P 123" myhost src
+'
+
+SQ="'"
+test_expect_success 'single quoted plink.exe in GIT_SSH_COMMAND' '
+	copy_ssh_wrapper_as "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/plink.exe" &&
+	GIT_SSH_COMMAND="$SQ$TRASH_DIRECTORY/plink.exe$SQ -v" \
+		git clone "[myhost:123]:src" ssh-bracket-clone-plink-4 &&
+	expect_ssh "-v -P 123" myhost src
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_SSH_VARIANT overrides plink detection' '
+	copy_ssh_wrapper_as "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/plink" &&
+	GIT_SSH_VARIANT=ssh \
+	git clone "[myhost:123]:src" ssh-bracket-clone-variant-1 &&
+	expect_ssh "-p 123" myhost src
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ssh.variant overrides plink detection' '
+	copy_ssh_wrapper_as "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/plink" &&
+	git -c ssh.variant=ssh \
+		clone "[myhost:123]:src" ssh-bracket-clone-variant-2 &&
+	expect_ssh "-p 123" myhost src
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_SSH_VARIANT overrides plink detection to plink' '
+	copy_ssh_wrapper_as "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/plink" &&
+	GIT_SSH_VARIANT=plink \
+	git clone "[myhost:123]:src" ssh-bracket-clone-variant-3 &&
+	expect_ssh "-P 123" myhost src
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_SSH_VARIANT overrides plink to tortoiseplink' '
+	copy_ssh_wrapper_as "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/plink" &&
+	GIT_SSH_VARIANT=tortoiseplink \
+	git clone "[myhost:123]:src" ssh-bracket-clone-variant-4 &&
+	expect_ssh "-batch -P 123" myhost src
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clean failure on broken quoting' '
+	test_must_fail \
+		env GIT_SSH_COMMAND="${SQ}plink.exe -v" \
+		git clone "[myhost:123]:src" sq-failure
 '
 
 counter=0
@@ -387,14 +528,17 @@ do
 done
 
 #with ssh:// scheme
-test_expect_success 'clone ssh://host.xz/home/user/repo' '
-	test_clone_url "ssh://host.xz/home/user/repo" host.xz "/home/user/repo"
-'
-
-# from home directory
-test_expect_success 'clone ssh://host.xz/~repo' '
-	test_clone_url "ssh://host.xz/~repo" host.xz "~repo"
+#ignore trailing colon
+for tcol in "" :
+do
+	test_expect_success "clone ssh://host.xz$tcol/home/user/repo" '
+		test_clone_url "ssh://host.xz$tcol/home/user/repo" host.xz /home/user/repo
+	'
+	# from home directory
+	test_expect_success "clone ssh://host.xz$tcol/~repo" '
+	test_clone_url "ssh://host.xz$tcol/~repo" host.xz "~repo"
 '
+done
 
 # with port number
 test_expect_success 'clone ssh://host.xz:22/home/user/repo' '
@@ -407,9 +551,9 @@ test_expect_success 'clone ssh://host.xz:22/~repo' '
 '
 
 #IPv6
-for tuah in ::1 [::1] user@::1 user@[::1] [user@::1]
+for tuah in ::1 [::1] [::1]: user@::1 user@[::1] user@[::1]: [user@::1] [user@::1]:
 do
-	ehost=$(echo $tuah | tr -d "[]")
+	ehost=$(echo $tuah | sed -e "s/1]:/1]/" | tr -d "[]")
 	test_expect_success "clone ssh://$tuah/home/user/repo" "
 	  test_clone_url ssh://$tuah/home/user/repo $ehost /home/user/repo
 	"
@@ -460,4 +604,129 @@ test_expect_success 'shallow clone locally' '
 	( cd ddsstt && git fsck )
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'GIT_TRACE_PACKFILE produces a usable pack' '
+	rm -rf dst.git &&
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKFILE=$PWD/tmp.pack git clone --no-local --bare src dst.git &&
+	git init --bare replay.git &&
+	git -C replay.git index-pack -v --stdin <tmp.pack
+'
+
+hex2oct () {
+	perl -ne 'printf "\\%03o", hex for /../g'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'clone on case-insensitive fs' '
+	git init icasefs &&
+	(
+		cd icasefs &&
+		o=$(git hash-object -w --stdin </dev/null | hex2oct) &&
+		t=$(printf "100644 X\0${o}100644 x\0${o}" |
+			git hash-object -w -t tree --stdin) &&
+		c=$(git commit-tree -m bogus $t) &&
+		git update-ref refs/heads/bogus $c &&
+		git clone -b bogus . bogus
+	)
+'
+
+partial_clone () {
+	       SERVER="$1" &&
+	       URL="$2" &&
+
+	rm -rf "$SERVER" client &&
+	test_create_repo "$SERVER" &&
+	test_commit -C "$SERVER" one &&
+	HASH1=$(git hash-object "$SERVER/one.t") &&
+	git -C "$SERVER" revert HEAD &&
+	test_commit -C "$SERVER" two &&
+	HASH2=$(git hash-object "$SERVER/two.t") &&
+	test_config -C "$SERVER" uploadpack.allowfilter 1 &&
+	test_config -C "$SERVER" uploadpack.allowanysha1inwant 1 &&
+
+	git clone --filter=blob:limit=0 "$URL" client &&
+
+	git -C client fsck &&
+
+	# Ensure that unneeded blobs are not inadvertently fetched.
+	test_config -C client extensions.partialclone "not a remote" &&
+	test_must_fail git -C client cat-file -e "$HASH1" &&
+
+	# But this blob was fetched, because clone performs an initial checkout
+	git -C client cat-file -e "$HASH2"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'partial clone' '
+	partial_clone server "file://$(pwd)/server"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'partial clone: warn if server does not support object filtering' '
+	rm -rf server client &&
+	test_create_repo server &&
+	test_commit -C server one &&
+
+	git clone --filter=blob:limit=0 "file://$(pwd)/server" client 2> err &&
+
+	test_i18ngrep "filtering not recognized by server" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'batch missing blob request during checkout' '
+	rm -rf server client &&
+
+	test_create_repo server &&
+	echo a >server/a &&
+	echo b >server/b &&
+	git -C server add a b &&
+
+	git -C server commit -m x &&
+	echo aa >server/a &&
+	echo bb >server/b &&
+	git -C server add a b &&
+	git -C server commit -m x &&
+
+	test_config -C server uploadpack.allowfilter 1 &&
+	test_config -C server uploadpack.allowanysha1inwant 1 &&
+
+	git clone --filter=blob:limit=0 "file://$(pwd)/server" client &&
+
+	# Ensure that there is only one negotiation by checking that there is
+	# only "done" line sent. ("done" marks the end of negotiation.)
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/trace" git -C client checkout HEAD^ &&
+	grep "git> done" trace >done_lines &&
+	test_line_count = 1 done_lines
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'batch missing blob request does not inadvertently try to fetch gitlinks' '
+	rm -rf server client &&
+
+	test_create_repo repo_for_submodule &&
+	test_commit -C repo_for_submodule x &&
+
+	test_create_repo server &&
+	echo a >server/a &&
+	echo b >server/b &&
+	git -C server add a b &&
+	git -C server commit -m x &&
+
+	echo aa >server/a &&
+	echo bb >server/b &&
+	# Also add a gitlink pointing to an arbitrary repository
+	git -C server submodule add "$(pwd)/repo_for_submodule" c &&
+	git -C server add a b c &&
+	git -C server commit -m x &&
+
+	test_config -C server uploadpack.allowfilter 1 &&
+	test_config -C server uploadpack.allowanysha1inwant 1 &&
+
+	# Make sure that it succeeds
+	git clone --filter=blob:limit=0 "file://$(pwd)/server" client
+'
+
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+start_httpd
+
+test_expect_success 'partial clone using HTTP' '
+	partial_clone "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/server" "$HTTPD_URL/smart/server"
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5603-clone-dirname.sh b/t/t5603-clone-dirname.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..13b5e5eb9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5603-clone-dirname.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='check output directory names used by git-clone'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# we use a fake ssh wrapper that ignores the arguments
+# entirely; we really only care that we get _some_ repo,
+# as the real test is what clone does on the local side
+test_expect_success 'setup ssh wrapper' '
+	write_script "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/ssh-wrapper" <<-\EOF &&
+	git upload-pack "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
+	EOF
+	GIT_SSH="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/ssh-wrapper" &&
+	GIT_SSH_VARIANT=ssh &&
+	export GIT_SSH &&
+	export GIT_SSH_VARIANT &&
+	export TRASH_DIRECTORY
+'
+
+# make sure that cloning $1 results in local directory $2
+test_clone_dir () {
+	url=$1; shift
+	dir=$1; shift
+	expect=success
+	bare=non-bare
+	clone_opts=
+	for i in "$@"
+	do
+		case "$i" in
+		fail)
+			expect=failure
+			;;
+		bare)
+			bare=bare
+			clone_opts=--bare
+			;;
+		esac
+	done
+	test_expect_$expect "clone of $url goes to $dir ($bare)" "
+		rm -rf $dir &&
+		git clone $clone_opts $url &&
+		test_path_is_dir $dir
+	"
+}
+
+# basic syntax with bare and non-bare variants
+test_clone_dir host:foo foo
+test_clone_dir host:foo foo.git bare
+test_clone_dir host:foo.git foo
+test_clone_dir host:foo.git foo.git bare
+test_clone_dir host:foo/.git foo
+test_clone_dir host:foo/.git foo.git bare
+
+# similar, but using ssh URL rather than host:path syntax
+test_clone_dir ssh://host/foo foo
+test_clone_dir ssh://host/foo foo.git bare
+test_clone_dir ssh://host/foo.git foo
+test_clone_dir ssh://host/foo.git foo.git bare
+test_clone_dir ssh://host/foo/.git foo
+test_clone_dir ssh://host/foo/.git foo.git bare
+
+# we should remove trailing slashes and .git suffixes
+test_clone_dir ssh://host/foo/ foo
+test_clone_dir ssh://host/foo/// foo
+test_clone_dir ssh://host/foo/.git/ foo
+test_clone_dir ssh://host/foo.git/ foo
+test_clone_dir ssh://host/foo.git/// foo
+test_clone_dir ssh://host/foo///.git/ foo
+test_clone_dir ssh://host/foo/.git/// foo
+
+test_clone_dir host:foo/ foo
+test_clone_dir host:foo/// foo
+test_clone_dir host:foo.git/ foo
+test_clone_dir host:foo/.git/ foo
+test_clone_dir host:foo.git/// foo
+test_clone_dir host:foo///.git/ foo
+test_clone_dir host:foo/.git/// foo
+
+# omitting the path should default to the hostname
+test_clone_dir ssh://host/ host
+test_clone_dir ssh://host:1234/ host
+test_clone_dir ssh://user@host/ host
+test_clone_dir host:/ host
+
+# auth materials should be redacted
+test_clone_dir ssh://user:password@host/ host
+test_clone_dir ssh://user:password@host:1234/ host
+test_clone_dir ssh://user:passw@rd@host:1234/ host
+test_clone_dir user@host:/ host
+test_clone_dir user:password@host:/ host
+test_clone_dir user:passw@rd@host:/ host
+
+# auth-like material should not be dropped
+test_clone_dir ssh://host/foo@bar foo@bar
+test_clone_dir ssh://host/foo@bar.git foo@bar
+test_clone_dir ssh://user:password@host/foo@bar foo@bar
+test_clone_dir ssh://user:passw@rd@host/foo@bar.git foo@bar
+
+test_clone_dir host:/foo@bar foo@bar
+test_clone_dir host:/foo@bar.git foo@bar
+test_clone_dir user:password@host:/foo@bar foo@bar
+test_clone_dir user:passw@rd@host:/foo@bar.git foo@bar
+
+# trailing port-like numbers should not be stripped for paths
+test_clone_dir ssh://user:password@host/test:1234 1234
+test_clone_dir ssh://user:password@host/test:1234.git 1234
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5604-clone-reference.sh b/t/t5604-clone-reference.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4320082b1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5604-clone-reference.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2006 Martin Waitz <tali@admingilde.org>
+#
+
+test_description='test clone --reference'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+base_dir=$(pwd)
+
+U=$base_dir/UPLOAD_LOG
+
+# create a commit in repo $1 with name $2
+commit_in () {
+	(
+		cd "$1" &&
+		echo "$2" >"$2" &&
+		git add "$2" &&
+		git commit -m "$2"
+	)
+}
+
+# check that there are $2 loose objects in repo $1
+test_objcount () {
+	echo "$2" >expect &&
+	git -C "$1" count-objects >actual.raw &&
+	cut -d' ' -f1 <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'preparing first repository' '
+	test_create_repo A &&
+	commit_in A file1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'preparing second repository' '
+	git clone A B &&
+	commit_in B file2 &&
+	git -C B repack -ad &&
+	git -C B prune
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning with reference (-l -s)' '
+	git clone -l -s --reference B A C
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'existence of info/alternates' '
+	test_line_count = 2 C/.git/objects/info/alternates
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pulling from reference' '
+	git -C C pull ../B master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'that reference gets used' '
+	test_objcount C 0
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning with reference (no -l -s)' '
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=$U.D git clone --reference B "file://$(pwd)/A" D
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetched no objects' '
+	test -s "$U.D" &&
+	! grep " want" "$U.D"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'existence of info/alternates' '
+	test_line_count = 1 D/.git/objects/info/alternates
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pulling from reference' '
+	git -C D pull ../B master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'that reference gets used' '
+	test_objcount D 0
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'updating origin' '
+	commit_in A file3 &&
+	git -C A repack -ad &&
+	git -C A prune
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pulling changes from origin' '
+	git -C C pull origin
+'
+
+# the 2 local objects are commit and tree from the merge
+test_expect_success 'that alternate to origin gets used' '
+	test_objcount C 2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pulling changes from origin' '
+	git -C D pull origin
+'
+
+# the 5 local objects are expected; file3 blob, commit in A to add it
+# and its tree, and 2 are our tree and the merge commit.
+test_expect_success 'check objects expected to exist locally' '
+	test_objcount D 5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'preparing alternate repository #1' '
+	test_create_repo F &&
+	commit_in F file1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning alternate repo #2 and adding changes to repo #1' '
+	git clone F G &&
+	commit_in F file2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning alternate repo #1, using #2 as reference' '
+	git clone --reference G F H
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning with reference being subset of source (-l -s)' '
+	git clone -l -s --reference A B E
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning with multiple references drops duplicates' '
+	git clone -s --reference B --reference A --reference B A dups &&
+	test_line_count = 2 dups/.git/objects/info/alternates
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone with reference from a tagged repository' '
+	(
+		cd A && git tag -a -m tagged HEAD
+	) &&
+	git clone --reference=A A I
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare branched repository' '
+	git clone A J &&
+	(
+		cd J &&
+		git checkout -b other master^ &&
+		echo other >otherfile &&
+		git add otherfile &&
+		git commit -m other &&
+		git checkout master
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with incomplete alternates' '
+	git init K &&
+	echo "$base_dir/A/.git/objects" >K/.git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	(
+		cd K &&
+		git remote add J "file://$base_dir/J" &&
+		GIT_TRACE_PACKET=$U.K git fetch J
+	) &&
+	master_object=$(cd A && git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" refs/heads/master) &&
+	test -s "$U.K" &&
+	! grep " want $master_object" "$U.K" &&
+	tag_object=$(cd A && git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" refs/tags/HEAD) &&
+	! grep " want $tag_object" "$U.K"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone using repo with gitfile as a reference' '
+	git clone --separate-git-dir=L A M &&
+	git clone --reference=M A N &&
+	echo "$base_dir/L/objects" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected "$base_dir/N/.git/objects/info/alternates"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone using repo pointed at by gitfile as reference' '
+	git clone --reference=M/.git A O &&
+	echo "$base_dir/L/objects" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected "$base_dir/O/.git/objects/info/alternates"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone and dissociate from reference' '
+	git init P &&
+	(
+		cd P &&	test_commit one
+	) &&
+	git clone P Q &&
+	(
+		cd Q && test_commit two
+	) &&
+	git clone --no-local --reference=P Q R &&
+	git clone --no-local --reference=P --dissociate Q S &&
+	# removing the reference P would corrupt R but not S
+	rm -fr P &&
+	test_must_fail git -C R fsck &&
+	git -C S fsck
+'
+test_expect_success 'clone, dissociate from partial reference and repack' '
+	rm -fr P Q R &&
+	git init P &&
+	(
+		cd P &&
+		test_commit one &&
+		git repack &&
+		test_commit two &&
+		git repack
+	) &&
+	git clone --bare P Q &&
+	(
+		cd P &&
+		git checkout -b second &&
+		test_commit three &&
+		git repack
+	) &&
+	git clone --bare --dissociate --reference=P Q R &&
+	ls R/objects/pack/*.pack >packs.txt &&
+	test_line_count = 1 packs.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone, dissociate from alternates' '
+	rm -fr A B C &&
+	test_create_repo A &&
+	commit_in A file1 &&
+	git clone --reference=A A B &&
+	test_line_count = 1 B/.git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	git clone --local --dissociate B C &&
+	! test -f C/.git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	( cd C && git fsck )
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5701-clone-local.sh b/t/t5605-clone-local.sh
index 3c087e907c..af23419ebf 100755
--- a/t/t5701-clone-local.sh
+++ b/t/t5605-clone-local.sh
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ test_expect_success 'clone empty repository' '
 	 git config receive.denyCurrentBranch warn) &&
 	git clone empty empty-clone &&
 	test_tick &&
-	(cd empty-clone
+	(cd empty-clone &&
 	 echo "content" >> foo &&
 	 git add foo &&
 	 git commit -m "Initial commit" &&
diff --git a/t/t5702-clone-options.sh b/t/t5606-clone-options.sh
index 9e24ec88e6..9e24ec88e6 100755
--- a/t/t5702-clone-options.sh
+++ b/t/t5606-clone-options.sh
diff --git a/t/t5704-bundle.sh b/t/t5607-clone-bundle.sh
index 348d9b3bc7..348d9b3bc7 100755
--- a/t/t5704-bundle.sh
+++ b/t/t5607-clone-bundle.sh
diff --git a/t/t5705-clone-2gb.sh b/t/t5608-clone-2gb.sh
index 191d6d3a78..2c6bc07344 100755
--- a/t/t5705-clone-2gb.sh
+++ b/t/t5608-clone-2gb.sh
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ test_expect_success CLONE_2GB 'setup' '
 	 do
 		printf "Generating blob $i/$blobcount\r" >&2 &&
 		printf "blob\nmark :$i\ndata $blobsize\n" &&
-		#test-genrandom $i $blobsize &&
+		#test-tool genrandom $i $blobsize &&
 		printf "%-${blobsize}s" $i &&
-		echo "M 100644 :$i $i" >> commit
+		echo "M 100644 :$i $i" >> commit &&
 		i=$(($i+1)) ||
 		echo $? > exit-status
 	 done &&
diff --git a/t/t5706-clone-branch.sh b/t/t5609-clone-branch.sh
index 6e7a7be052..6e7a7be052 100755
--- a/t/t5706-clone-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t5609-clone-branch.sh
diff --git a/t/t5707-clone-detached.sh b/t/t5610-clone-detached.sh
index 8b0d607df1..8b0d607df1 100755
--- a/t/t5707-clone-detached.sh
+++ b/t/t5610-clone-detached.sh
diff --git a/t/t5708-clone-config.sh b/t/t5611-clone-config.sh
index 27d730c0a7..39329eb7a8 100755
--- a/t/t5708-clone-config.sh
+++ b/t/t5611-clone-config.sh
@@ -19,6 +19,14 @@ test_expect_success 'clone -c can set multi-keys' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone -c can set multi-keys, including some empty' '
+	rm -rf child &&
+	git clone -c credential.helper= -c credential.helper=hi . child &&
+	printf "%s\n" "" hi >expect &&
+	git --git-dir=child/.git config --get-all credential.helper >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'clone -c without a value is boolean true' '
 	rm -rf child &&
 	git clone -c core.foo . child &&
@@ -37,4 +45,24 @@ test_expect_success 'clone -c config is available during clone' '
 	test_cmp expect child/file
 '
 
+# Tests for the hidden file attribute on windows
+is_hidden () {
+	# Use the output of `attrib`, ignore the absolute path
+	case "$(attrib "$1")" in *H*?:*) return 0;; esac
+	return 1
+}
+
+test_expect_success MINGW 'clone -c core.hideDotFiles' '
+	test_commit attributes .gitattributes "" &&
+	rm -rf child &&
+	git clone -c core.hideDotFiles=false . child &&
+	! is_hidden child/.gitattributes &&
+	rm -rf child &&
+	git clone -c core.hideDotFiles=dotGitOnly . child &&
+	! is_hidden child/.gitattributes &&
+	rm -rf child &&
+	git clone -c core.hideDotFiles=true . child &&
+	is_hidden child/.gitattributes
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5709-clone-refspec.sh b/t/t5612-clone-refspec.sh
index 7ace2535c8..5582b3d5fd 100755
--- a/t/t5709-clone-refspec.sh
+++ b/t/t5612-clone-refspec.sh
@@ -17,13 +17,20 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	echo four >file &&
 	git commit -a -m four &&
 	git checkout master &&
+	git tag five &&
 
 	# default clone
 	git clone . dir_all &&
 
+	# default clone --no-tags
+	git clone --no-tags . dir_all_no_tags &&
+
 	# default --single that follows HEAD=master
 	git clone --single-branch . dir_master &&
 
+	# default --single that follows HEAD=master with no tags
+	git clone --single-branch --no-tags . dir_master_no_tags &&
+
 	# default --single that follows HEAD=side
 	git checkout side &&
 	git clone --single-branch . dir_side &&
@@ -45,6 +52,9 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	# explicit --single with tag
 	git clone --single-branch --branch two . dir_tag &&
 
+	# explicit --single with tag and --no-tags
+	git clone --single-branch --no-tags --branch two . dir_tag_no_tags &&
+
 	# advance both "master" and "side" branches
 	git checkout side &&
 	echo five >file &&
@@ -59,7 +69,8 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 
 test_expect_success 'by default all branches will be kept updated' '
 	(
-		cd dir_all && git fetch &&
+		cd dir_all &&
+		git fetch &&
 		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin |
 		sed -e "/HEAD$/d" \
 		    -e "s|/remotes/origin/|/heads/|" >../actual
@@ -71,28 +82,80 @@ test_expect_success 'by default all branches will be kept updated' '
 
 test_expect_success 'by default no tags will be kept updated' '
 	(
-		cd dir_all && git fetch &&
+		cd dir_all &&
+		git fetch &&
 		git for-each-ref refs/tags >../actual
 	) &&
 	git for-each-ref refs/tags >expect &&
-	test_must_fail test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_fail test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_line_count = 2 actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone with --no-tags' '
+	(
+		cd dir_all_no_tags &&
+		git fetch &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/tags >../actual
+	) &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--single-branch while HEAD pointing at master' '
 	(
-		cd dir_master && git fetch &&
+		cd dir_master &&
+		git fetch &&
 		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin |
 		sed -e "/HEAD$/d" \
 		    -e "s|/remotes/origin/|/heads/|" >../actual
 	) &&
 	# only follow master
 	git for-each-ref refs/heads/master >expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	# get & check latest tags
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	(
+		cd dir_master &&
+		git fetch --tags &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/tags >../actual
+	) &&
+	git for-each-ref refs/tags >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_line_count = 2 actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--single-branch while HEAD pointing at master and --no-tags' '
+	(
+		cd dir_master_no_tags &&
+		git fetch &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin |
+		sed -e "/HEAD$/d" \
+		    -e "s|/remotes/origin/|/heads/|" >../actual
+	) &&
+	# only follow master
+	git for-each-ref refs/heads/master >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	# get tags (noop)
+	(
+		cd dir_master_no_tags &&
+		git fetch &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/tags >../actual
+	) &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual &&
+	# get tags with --tags overrides tagOpt
+	(
+		cd dir_master_no_tags &&
+		git fetch --tags &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/tags >../actual
+	) &&
+	git for-each-ref refs/tags >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_line_count = 2 actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--single-branch while HEAD pointing at side' '
 	(
-		cd dir_side && git fetch &&
+		cd dir_side &&
+		git fetch &&
 		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin |
 		sed -e "/HEAD$/d" \
 		    -e "s|/remotes/origin/|/heads/|" >../actual
@@ -104,7 +167,8 @@ test_expect_success '--single-branch while HEAD pointing at side' '
 
 test_expect_success '--single-branch with explicit --branch side' '
 	(
-		cd dir_side2 && git fetch &&
+		cd dir_side2 &&
+		git fetch &&
 		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin |
 		sed -e "/HEAD$/d" \
 		    -e "s|/remotes/origin/|/heads/|" >../actual
@@ -116,16 +180,29 @@ test_expect_success '--single-branch with explicit --branch side' '
 
 test_expect_success '--single-branch with explicit --branch with tag fetches updated tag' '
 	(
-		cd dir_tag && git fetch &&
+		cd dir_tag &&
+		git fetch &&
 		git for-each-ref refs/tags >../actual
 	) &&
 	git for-each-ref refs/tags >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--single-branch with explicit --branch with tag fetches updated tag despite --no-tags' '
+	(
+		cd dir_tag_no_tags &&
+		git fetch &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/tags >../actual
+	) &&
+	git for-each-ref refs/tags/two >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_line_count = 1 actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success '--single-branch with --mirror' '
 	(
-		cd dir_mirror && git fetch &&
+		cd dir_mirror &&
+		git fetch &&
 		git for-each-ref refs > ../actual
 	) &&
 	git for-each-ref refs >expect &&
@@ -134,7 +211,8 @@ test_expect_success '--single-branch with --mirror' '
 
 test_expect_success '--single-branch with explicit --branch and --mirror' '
 	(
-		cd dir_mirror_side && git fetch &&
+		cd dir_mirror_side &&
+		git fetch &&
 		git for-each-ref refs > ../actual
 	) &&
 	git for-each-ref refs >expect &&
@@ -143,14 +221,14 @@ test_expect_success '--single-branch with explicit --branch and --mirror' '
 
 test_expect_success '--single-branch with detached' '
 	(
-		cd dir_detached && git fetch &&
+		cd dir_detached &&
+		git fetch &&
 		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin |
 		sed -e "/HEAD$/d" \
 		    -e "s|/remotes/origin/|/heads/|" >../actual
 	) &&
 	# nothing
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5613-info-alternate.sh b/t/t5613-info-alternate.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..895f46bb91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5613-info-alternate.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2006 Martin Waitz <tali@admingilde.org>
+#
+
+test_description='test transitive info/alternate entries'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'preparing first repository' '
+	test_create_repo A && (
+		cd A &&
+		echo "Hello World" > file1 &&
+		git add file1 &&
+		git commit -m "Initial commit" file1 &&
+		git repack -a -d &&
+		git prune
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'preparing second repository' '
+	git clone -l -s A B && (
+		cd B &&
+		echo "foo bar" > file2 &&
+		git add file2 &&
+		git commit -m "next commit" file2 &&
+		git repack -a -d -l &&
+		git prune
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'preparing third repository' '
+	git clone -l -s B C && (
+		cd C &&
+		echo "Goodbye, cruel world" > file3 &&
+		git add file3 &&
+		git commit -m "one more" file3 &&
+		git repack -a -d -l &&
+		git prune
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'count-objects shows the alternates' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	alternate: $(pwd)/B/.git/objects
+	alternate: $(pwd)/A/.git/objects
+	EOF
+	git -C C count-objects -v >actual &&
+	grep ^alternate: actual >actual.alternates &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.alternates
+'
+
+# Note: These tests depend on the hard-coded value of 5 as the maximum depth
+# we will follow recursion. We start the depth at 0 and count links, not
+# repositories. This means that in a chain like:
+#
+#   A --> B --> C --> D --> E --> F --> G --> H
+#      0     1     2     3     4     5     6
+#
+# we are OK at "G", but break at "H", even though "H" is actually the 8th
+# repository, not the 6th, which you might expect. Counting the links allows
+# N+1 repositories, and counting from 0 to 5 inclusive allows 6 links.
+#
+# Note also that we must use "--bare -l" to make the link to H. The "-l"
+# ensures we do not do a connectivity check, and the "--bare" makes sure
+# we do not try to checkout the result (which needs objects), either of
+# which would cause the clone to fail.
+test_expect_success 'creating too deep nesting' '
+	git clone -l -s C D &&
+	git clone -l -s D E &&
+	git clone -l -s E F &&
+	git clone -l -s F G &&
+	git clone --bare -l -s G H
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'validity of seventh repository' '
+	git -C G fsck
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'invalidity of eighth repository' '
+	test_must_fail git -C H fsck
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'breaking of loops' '
+	echo "$(pwd)"/B/.git/objects >>A/.git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	git -C C fsck
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'that info/alternates is necessary' '
+	rm -f C/.git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	test_must_fail git -C C fsck
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'that relative alternate is possible for current dir' '
+	echo "../../../B/.git/objects" >C/.git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	git fsck
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'that relative alternate is recursive' '
+	git -C D fsck
+'
+
+# we can reach "A" from our new repo both directly, and via "C".
+# The deep/subdir is there to make sure we are not doing a stupid
+# pure-text comparison of the alternate names.
+test_expect_success 'relative duplicates are eliminated' '
+	mkdir -p deep/subdir &&
+	git init --bare deep/subdir/duplicate.git &&
+	cat >deep/subdir/duplicate.git/objects/info/alternates <<-\EOF &&
+	../../../../C/.git/objects
+	../../../../A/.git/objects
+	EOF
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	alternate: $(pwd)/C/.git/objects
+	alternate: $(pwd)/B/.git/objects
+	alternate: $(pwd)/A/.git/objects
+	EOF
+	git -C deep/subdir/duplicate.git count-objects -v >actual &&
+	grep ^alternate: actual >actual.alternates &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.alternates
+'
+
+test_expect_success CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS 'dup finding can be case-insensitive' '
+	git init --bare insensitive.git &&
+	# the previous entry for "A" will have used uppercase
+	cat >insensitive.git/objects/info/alternates <<-\EOF &&
+	../../C/.git/objects
+	../../a/.git/objects
+	EOF
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	alternate: $(pwd)/C/.git/objects
+	alternate: $(pwd)/B/.git/objects
+	alternate: $(pwd)/A/.git/objects
+	EOF
+	git -C insensitive.git count-objects -v >actual &&
+	grep ^alternate: actual >actual.alternates &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.alternates
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5614-clone-submodules-shallow.sh b/t/t5614-clone-submodules-shallow.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e4e6ea4d52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5614-clone-submodules-shallow.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test shallow cloning of repos with submodules'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+pwd=$(pwd)
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	git checkout -b master &&
+	test_commit commit1 &&
+	test_commit commit2 &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		git init &&
+		test_commit subcommit1 &&
+		test_commit subcommit2 &&
+		test_commit subcommit3
+	) &&
+	git submodule add "file://$pwd/sub" sub &&
+	git commit -m "add submodule"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'nonshallow clone implies nonshallow submodule' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super_clone" &&
+	git clone --recurse-submodules "file://$pwd/." super_clone &&
+	git -C super_clone log --oneline >lines &&
+	test_line_count = 3 lines &&
+	git -C super_clone/sub log --oneline >lines &&
+	test_line_count = 3 lines
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'shallow clone with shallow submodule' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super_clone" &&
+	git clone --recurse-submodules --depth 2 --shallow-submodules "file://$pwd/." super_clone &&
+	git -C super_clone log --oneline >lines &&
+	test_line_count = 2 lines &&
+	git -C super_clone/sub log --oneline >lines &&
+	test_line_count = 1 lines
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'shallow clone does not imply shallow submodule' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super_clone" &&
+	git clone --recurse-submodules --depth 2 "file://$pwd/." super_clone &&
+	git -C super_clone log --oneline >lines &&
+	test_line_count = 2 lines &&
+	git -C super_clone/sub log --oneline >lines &&
+	test_line_count = 3 lines
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'shallow clone with non shallow submodule' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super_clone" &&
+	git clone --recurse-submodules --depth 2 --no-shallow-submodules "file://$pwd/." super_clone &&
+	git -C super_clone log --oneline >lines &&
+	test_line_count = 2 lines &&
+	git -C super_clone/sub log --oneline >lines &&
+	test_line_count = 3 lines
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non shallow clone with shallow submodule' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super_clone" &&
+	git clone --recurse-submodules --no-local --shallow-submodules "file://$pwd/." super_clone &&
+	git -C super_clone log --oneline >lines &&
+	test_line_count = 3 lines &&
+	git -C super_clone/sub log --oneline >lines &&
+	test_line_count = 1 lines
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone follows shallow recommendation' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super_clone" &&
+	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.shallow true &&
+	git add .gitmodules &&
+	git commit -m "recommend shallow for sub" &&
+	git clone --recurse-submodules --no-local "file://$pwd/." super_clone &&
+	(
+		cd super_clone &&
+		git log --oneline >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 4 lines
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd super_clone/sub &&
+		git log --oneline >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 1 lines
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'get unshallow recommended shallow submodule' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super_clone" &&
+	git clone --no-local "file://$pwd/." super_clone &&
+	(
+		cd super_clone &&
+		git submodule update --init --no-recommend-shallow &&
+		git log --oneline >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 4 lines
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd super_clone/sub &&
+		git log --oneline >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 3 lines
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone follows non shallow recommendation' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super_clone" &&
+	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.shallow false &&
+	git add .gitmodules &&
+	git commit -m "recommend non shallow for sub" &&
+	git clone --recurse-submodules --no-local "file://$pwd/." super_clone &&
+	(
+		cd super_clone &&
+		git log --oneline >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 5 lines
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd super_clone/sub &&
+		git log --oneline >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 3 lines
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5615-alternate-env.sh b/t/t5615-alternate-env.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b4905b822c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5615-alternate-env.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='handling of alternates in environment variables'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+check_obj () {
+	alt=$1; shift
+	while read obj expect
+	do
+		echo "$obj" >&5 &&
+		echo "$obj $expect" >&6
+	done 5>input 6>expect &&
+	GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES=$alt \
+		git "$@" cat-file --batch-check='%(objectname) %(objecttype)' \
+		<input >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'create alternate repositories' '
+	git init --bare one.git &&
+	one=$(echo one | git -C one.git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	git init --bare two.git &&
+	two=$(echo two | git -C two.git hash-object -w --stdin)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'objects inaccessible without alternates' '
+	check_obj "" <<-EOF
+	$one missing
+	$two missing
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'access alternate via absolute path' '
+	check_obj "$PWD/one.git/objects" <<-EOF
+	$one blob
+	$two missing
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'access multiple alternates' '
+	check_obj "$PWD/one.git/objects:$PWD/two.git/objects" <<-EOF
+	$one blob
+	$two blob
+	EOF
+'
+
+# bare paths are relative from $GIT_DIR
+test_expect_success 'access alternate via relative path (bare)' '
+	git init --bare bare.git &&
+	check_obj "../one.git/objects" -C bare.git <<-EOF
+	$one blob
+	EOF
+'
+
+# non-bare paths are relative to top of worktree
+test_expect_success 'access alternate via relative path (worktree)' '
+	git init worktree &&
+	check_obj "../one.git/objects" -C worktree <<-EOF
+	$one blob
+	EOF
+'
+
+# path is computed after moving to top-level of worktree
+test_expect_success 'access alternate via relative path (subdir)' '
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	check_obj "one.git/objects" -C subdir <<-EOF
+	$one blob
+	EOF
+'
+
+# set variables outside test to avoid quote insanity; the \057 is '/',
+# which doesn't need quoting, but just confirms that de-quoting
+# is working.
+quoted='"one.git\057objects"'
+unquoted='two.git/objects'
+test_expect_success 'mix of quoted and unquoted alternates' '
+	check_obj "$quoted:$unquoted" <<-EOF
+	$one blob
+	$two blob
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success !MINGW 'broken quoting falls back to interpreting raw' '
+	mv one.git \"one.git &&
+	check_obj \"one.git/objects <<-EOF
+	$one blob
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5616-partial-clone.sh b/t/t5616-partial-clone.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..bbbe7537df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5616-partial-clone.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git partial clone'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# create a normal "src" repo where we can later create new commits.
+# expect_1.oids will contain a list of the OIDs of all blobs.
+test_expect_success 'setup normal src repo' '
+	echo "{print \$1}" >print_1.awk &&
+	echo "{print \$2}" >print_2.awk &&
+
+	git init src &&
+	for n in 1 2 3 4
+	do
+		echo "This is file: $n" > src/file.$n.txt
+		git -C src add file.$n.txt
+		git -C src commit -m "file $n"
+		git -C src ls-files -s file.$n.txt >>temp
+	done &&
+	awk -f print_2.awk <temp | sort >expect_1.oids &&
+	test_line_count = 4 expect_1.oids
+'
+
+# bare clone "src" giving "srv.bare" for use as our server.
+test_expect_success 'setup bare clone for server' '
+	git clone --bare "file://$(pwd)/src" srv.bare &&
+	git -C srv.bare config --local uploadpack.allowfilter 1 &&
+	git -C srv.bare config --local uploadpack.allowanysha1inwant 1
+'
+
+# do basic partial clone from "srv.bare"
+# confirm we are missing all of the known blobs.
+# confirm partial clone was registered in the local config.
+test_expect_success 'do partial clone 1' '
+	git clone --no-checkout --filter=blob:none "file://$(pwd)/srv.bare" pc1 &&
+	git -C pc1 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --missing=print \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/?//" \
+		| sort >observed.oids &&
+	test_cmp expect_1.oids observed.oids &&
+	test "$(git -C pc1 config --local core.repositoryformatversion)" = "1" &&
+	test "$(git -C pc1 config --local extensions.partialclone)" = "origin" &&
+	test "$(git -C pc1 config --local core.partialclonefilter)" = "blob:none"
+'
+
+# checkout master to force dynamic object fetch of blobs at HEAD.
+test_expect_success 'verify checkout with dynamic object fetch' '
+	git -C pc1 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --missing=print >observed &&
+	test_line_count = 4 observed &&
+	git -C pc1 checkout master &&
+	git -C pc1 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --missing=print >observed &&
+	test_line_count = 0 observed
+'
+
+# create new commits in "src" repo to establish a blame history on file.1.txt
+# and push to "srv.bare".
+test_expect_success 'push new commits to server' '
+	git -C src remote add srv "file://$(pwd)/srv.bare" &&
+	for x in a b c d e
+	do
+		echo "Mod file.1.txt $x" >>src/file.1.txt
+		git -C src add file.1.txt
+		git -C src commit -m "mod $x"
+	done &&
+	git -C src blame master -- file.1.txt >expect.blame &&
+	git -C src push -u srv master
+'
+
+# (partial) fetch in the partial clone repo from the promisor remote.
+# verify that fetch inherited the filter-spec from the config and DOES NOT
+# have the new blobs.
+test_expect_success 'partial fetch inherits filter settings' '
+	git -C pc1 fetch origin &&
+	git -C pc1 rev-list master..origin/master --quiet --objects --missing=print >observed &&
+	test_line_count = 5 observed
+'
+
+# force dynamic object fetch using diff.
+# we should only get 1 new blob (for the file in origin/master).
+test_expect_success 'verify diff causes dynamic object fetch' '
+	git -C pc1 diff master..origin/master -- file.1.txt &&
+	git -C pc1 rev-list master..origin/master --quiet --objects --missing=print >observed &&
+	test_line_count = 4 observed
+'
+
+# force full dynamic object fetch of the file's history using blame.
+# we should get the intermediate blobs for the file.
+test_expect_success 'verify blame causes dynamic object fetch' '
+	git -C pc1 blame origin/master -- file.1.txt >observed.blame &&
+	test_cmp expect.blame observed.blame &&
+	git -C pc1 rev-list master..origin/master --quiet --objects --missing=print >observed &&
+	test_line_count = 0 observed
+'
+
+# create new commits in "src" repo to establish a history on file.2.txt
+# and push to "srv.bare".
+test_expect_success 'push new commits to server for file.2.txt' '
+	for x in a b c d e f
+	do
+		echo "Mod file.2.txt $x" >>src/file.2.txt
+		git -C src add file.2.txt
+		git -C src commit -m "mod $x"
+	done &&
+	git -C src push -u srv master
+'
+
+# Do FULL fetch by disabling inherited filter-spec using --no-filter.
+# Verify we have all the new blobs.
+test_expect_success 'override inherited filter-spec using --no-filter' '
+	git -C pc1 fetch --no-filter origin &&
+	git -C pc1 rev-list master..origin/master --quiet --objects --missing=print >observed &&
+	test_line_count = 0 observed
+'
+
+# create new commits in "src" repo to establish a history on file.3.txt
+# and push to "srv.bare".
+test_expect_success 'push new commits to server for file.3.txt' '
+	for x in a b c d e f
+	do
+		echo "Mod file.3.txt $x" >>src/file.3.txt
+		git -C src add file.3.txt
+		git -C src commit -m "mod $x"
+	done &&
+	git -C src push -u srv master
+'
+
+# Do a partial fetch and then try to manually fetch the missing objects.
+# This can be used as the basis of a pre-command hook to bulk fetch objects
+# perhaps combined with a command in dry-run mode.
+test_expect_success 'manual prefetch of missing objects' '
+	git -C pc1 fetch --filter=blob:none origin &&
+	git -C pc1 rev-list master..origin/master --quiet --objects --missing=print \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/?//" \
+		| sort >observed.oids &&
+	test_line_count = 6 observed.oids &&
+	git -C pc1 fetch-pack --stdin "file://$(pwd)/srv.bare" <observed.oids &&
+	git -C pc1 rev-list master..origin/master --quiet --objects --missing=print \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/?//" \
+		| sort >observed.oids &&
+	test_line_count = 0 observed.oids
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'partial clone with transfer.fsckobjects=1 uses index-pack --fsck-objects' '
+	git init src &&
+	test_commit -C src x &&
+	test_config -C src uploadpack.allowfilter 1 &&
+	test_config -C src uploadpack.allowanysha1inwant 1 &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE="$(pwd)/trace" git -c transfer.fsckobjects=1 \
+		clone --filter="blob:none" "file://$(pwd)/src" dst &&
+	grep "git index-pack.*--fsck-objects" trace
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'partial clone fetches blobs pointed to by refs even if normally filtered out' '
+	rm -rf src dst &&
+	git init src &&
+	test_commit -C src x &&
+	test_config -C src uploadpack.allowfilter 1 &&
+	test_config -C src uploadpack.allowanysha1inwant 1 &&
+
+	# Create a tag pointing to a blob.
+	BLOB=$(echo blob-contents | git -C src hash-object --stdin -w) &&
+	git -C src tag myblob "$BLOB" &&
+
+	git clone --filter="blob:none" "file://$(pwd)/src" dst 2>err &&
+	! grep "does not point to a valid object" err &&
+	git -C dst fsck
+'
+
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+start_httpd
+
+# Converts bytes into a form suitable for inclusion in a sed command. For
+# example, "printf 'ab\r\n' | hex_unpack" results in '\x61\x62\x0d\x0a'.
+sed_escape () {
+	perl -e '$/ = undef; $input = <>; print unpack("H2" x length($input), $input)' |
+		sed 's/\(..\)/\\x\1/g'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'upon cloning, check that all refs point to objects' '
+	SERVER="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/server" &&
+	rm -rf "$SERVER" repo &&
+	test_create_repo "$SERVER" &&
+	test_commit -C "$SERVER" foo &&
+	test_config -C "$SERVER" uploadpack.allowfilter 1 &&
+	test_config -C "$SERVER" uploadpack.allowanysha1inwant 1 &&
+
+	# Create a tag pointing to a blob.
+	BLOB=$(echo blob-contents | git -C "$SERVER" hash-object --stdin -w) &&
+	git -C "$SERVER" tag myblob "$BLOB" &&
+
+	# Craft a packfile not including that blob.
+	git -C "$SERVER" rev-parse HEAD |
+		git -C "$SERVER" pack-objects --stdout >incomplete.pack &&
+
+	# Replace the existing packfile with the crafted one. The protocol
+	# requires that the packfile be sent in sideband 1, hence the extra
+	# \x01 byte at the beginning.
+	printf "1,/packfile/!c %04x\\\\x01%s0000" \
+		"$(($(wc -c <incomplete.pack) + 5))" \
+		"$(sed_escape <incomplete.pack)" \
+		>"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/one-time-sed" &&
+
+	# Use protocol v2 because the sed command looks for the "packfile"
+	# section header.
+	test_config -C "$SERVER" protocol.version 2 &&
+	test_must_fail git -c protocol.version=2 clone \
+		--filter=blob:none $HTTPD_URL/one_time_sed/server repo 2>err &&
+
+	grep "did not send all necessary objects" err &&
+
+	# Ensure that the one-time-sed script was used.
+	! test -e "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/one-time-sed"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'when partial cloning, tolerate server not sending target of tag' '
+	SERVER="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/server" &&
+	rm -rf "$SERVER" repo &&
+	test_create_repo "$SERVER" &&
+	test_commit -C "$SERVER" foo &&
+	test_config -C "$SERVER" uploadpack.allowfilter 1 &&
+	test_config -C "$SERVER" uploadpack.allowanysha1inwant 1 &&
+
+	# Create an annotated tag pointing to a blob.
+	BLOB=$(echo blob-contents | git -C "$SERVER" hash-object --stdin -w) &&
+	git -C "$SERVER" tag -m message -a myblob "$BLOB" &&
+
+	# Craft a packfile including the tag, but not the blob it points to.
+	# Also, omit objects referenced from HEAD in order to force a second
+	# fetch (to fetch missing objects) upon the automatic checkout that
+	# happens after a clone.
+	printf "%s\n%s\n--not\n%s\n%s\n" \
+		$(git -C "$SERVER" rev-parse HEAD) \
+		$(git -C "$SERVER" rev-parse myblob) \
+		$(git -C "$SERVER" rev-parse HEAD^{tree}) \
+		$(git -C "$SERVER" rev-parse myblob^{blob}) |
+		git -C "$SERVER" pack-objects --thin --stdout >incomplete.pack &&
+
+	# Replace the existing packfile with the crafted one. The protocol
+	# requires that the packfile be sent in sideband 1, hence the extra
+	# \x01 byte at the beginning.
+	printf "1,/packfile/!c %04x\\\\x01%s0000" \
+		"$(($(wc -c <incomplete.pack) + 5))" \
+		"$(sed_escape <incomplete.pack)" \
+		>"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/one-time-sed" &&
+
+	# Use protocol v2 because the sed command looks for the "packfile"
+	# section header.
+	test_config -C "$SERVER" protocol.version 2 &&
+
+	# Exercise to make sure it works.
+	git -c protocol.version=2 clone \
+		--filter=blob:none $HTTPD_URL/one_time_sed/server repo 2> err &&
+	! grep "missing object referenced by" err &&
+
+	# Ensure that the one-time-sed script was used.
+	! test -e "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/one-time-sed"
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5700-clone-reference.sh b/t/t5700-clone-reference.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 3e783fc450..0000000000
--- a/t/t5700-clone-reference.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,218 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (C) 2006 Martin Waitz <tali@admingilde.org>
-#
-
-test_description='test clone --reference'
-. ./test-lib.sh
-
-base_dir=`pwd`
-
-U=$base_dir/UPLOAD_LOG
-
-test_expect_success 'preparing first repository' \
-'test_create_repo A && cd A &&
-echo first > file1 &&
-git add file1 &&
-git commit -m initial'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'preparing second repository' \
-'git clone A B && cd B &&
-echo second > file2 &&
-git add file2 &&
-git commit -m addition &&
-git repack -a -d &&
-git prune'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'cloning with reference (-l -s)' \
-'git clone -l -s --reference B A C'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'existence of info/alternates' \
-'test_line_count = 2 C/.git/objects/info/alternates'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'pulling from reference' \
-'cd C &&
-git pull ../B master'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'that reference gets used' \
-'cd C &&
-echo "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" > expected &&
-git count-objects > current &&
-test_cmp expected current'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-rm -f "$U.D"
-
-test_expect_success 'cloning with reference (no -l -s)' '
-	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=$U.D git clone --reference B "file://$(pwd)/A" D
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'fetched no objects' '
-	test -s "$U.D" &&
-	! grep " want" "$U.D"
-'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'existence of info/alternates' \
-'test_line_count = 1 D/.git/objects/info/alternates'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'pulling from reference' \
-'cd D && git pull ../B master'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'that reference gets used' \
-'cd D && echo "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" > expected &&
-git count-objects > current &&
-test_cmp expected current'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'updating origin' \
-'cd A &&
-echo third > file3 &&
-git add file3 &&
-git commit -m update &&
-git repack -a -d &&
-git prune'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'pulling changes from origin' \
-'cd C &&
-git pull origin'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-# the 2 local objects are commit and tree from the merge
-test_expect_success 'that alternate to origin gets used' \
-'cd C &&
-echo "2 objects" > expected &&
-git count-objects | cut -d, -f1 > current &&
-test_cmp expected current'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'pulling changes from origin' \
-'cd D &&
-git pull origin'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-# the 5 local objects are expected; file3 blob, commit in A to add it
-# and its tree, and 2 are our tree and the merge commit.
-test_expect_success 'check objects expected to exist locally' \
-'cd D &&
-echo "5 objects" > expected &&
-git count-objects | cut -d, -f1 > current &&
-test_cmp expected current'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'preparing alternate repository #1' \
-'test_create_repo F && cd F &&
-echo first > file1 &&
-git add file1 &&
-git commit -m initial'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'cloning alternate repo #2 and adding changes to repo #1' \
-'git clone F G && cd F &&
-echo second > file2 &&
-git add file2 &&
-git commit -m addition'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'cloning alternate repo #1, using #2 as reference' \
-'git clone --reference G F H'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'cloning with reference being subset of source (-l -s)' \
-'git clone -l -s --reference A B E'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'clone with reference from a tagged repository' '
-	(
-		cd A && git tag -a -m 'tagged' HEAD
-	) &&
-	git clone --reference=A A I
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'prepare branched repository' '
-	git clone A J &&
-	(
-		cd J &&
-		git checkout -b other master^ &&
-		echo other >otherfile &&
-		git add otherfile &&
-		git commit -m other &&
-		git checkout master
-	)
-'
-
-rm -f "$U.K"
-
-test_expect_success 'fetch with incomplete alternates' '
-	git init K &&
-	echo "$base_dir/A/.git/objects" >K/.git/objects/info/alternates &&
-	(
-		cd K &&
-		git remote add J "file://$base_dir/J" &&
-		GIT_TRACE_PACKET=$U.K git fetch J
-	) &&
-	master_object=$(cd A && git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" refs/heads/master) &&
-	test -s "$U.K" &&
-	! grep " want $master_object" "$U.K" &&
-	tag_object=$(cd A && git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" refs/tags/HEAD) &&
-	! grep " want $tag_object" "$U.K"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'clone using repo with gitfile as a reference' '
-	git clone --separate-git-dir=L A M &&
-	git clone --reference=M A N &&
-	echo "$base_dir/L/objects" >expected &&
-	test_cmp expected "$base_dir/N/.git/objects/info/alternates"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'clone using repo pointed at by gitfile as reference' '
-	git clone --reference=M/.git A O &&
-	echo "$base_dir/L/objects" >expected &&
-	test_cmp expected "$base_dir/O/.git/objects/info/alternates"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'clone and dissociate from reference' '
-	git init P &&
-	(
-		cd P &&	test_commit one
-	) &&
-	git clone P Q &&
-	(
-		cd Q && test_commit two
-	) &&
-	git clone --no-local --reference=P Q R &&
-	git clone --no-local --reference=P --dissociate Q S &&
-	# removing the reference P would corrupt R but not S
-	rm -fr P &&
-	test_must_fail git -C R fsck &&
-	git -C S fsck
-'
-
-test_done
diff --git a/t/t5700-protocol-v1.sh b/t/t5700-protocol-v1.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ba86a44eb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5700-protocol-v1.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test git wire-protocol transition'
+
+TEST_NO_CREATE_REPO=1
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Test protocol v1 with 'git://' transport
+#
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-git-daemon.sh
+start_git_daemon --export-all --enable=receive-pack
+daemon_parent=$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/parent
+
+test_expect_success 'create repo to be served by git-daemon' '
+	git init "$daemon_parent" &&
+	test_commit -C "$daemon_parent" one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone with git:// using protocol v1' '
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git -c protocol.version=1 \
+		clone "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/parent" daemon_child 2>log &&
+
+	git -C daemon_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C "$daemon_parent" log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Client requested to use protocol v1
+	grep "clone> .*\\\0\\\0version=1\\\0$" log &&
+	# Server responded using protocol v1
+	grep "clone< version 1" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with git:// using protocol v1' '
+	test_commit -C "$daemon_parent" two &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git -C daemon_child -c protocol.version=1 \
+		fetch 2>log &&
+
+	git -C daemon_child log -1 --format=%s origin/master >actual &&
+	git -C "$daemon_parent" log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Client requested to use protocol v1
+	grep "fetch> .*\\\0\\\0version=1\\\0$" log &&
+	# Server responded using protocol v1
+	grep "fetch< version 1" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull with git:// using protocol v1' '
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git -C daemon_child -c protocol.version=1 \
+		pull 2>log &&
+
+	git -C daemon_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C "$daemon_parent" log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Client requested to use protocol v1
+	grep "fetch> .*\\\0\\\0version=1\\\0$" log &&
+	# Server responded using protocol v1
+	grep "fetch< version 1" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with git:// using protocol v1' '
+	test_commit -C daemon_child three &&
+
+	# Push to another branch, as the target repository has the
+	# master branch checked out and we cannot push into it.
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git -C daemon_child -c protocol.version=1 \
+		push origin HEAD:client_branch 2>log &&
+
+	git -C daemon_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C "$daemon_parent" log -1 --format=%s client_branch >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Client requested to use protocol v1
+	grep "push> .*\\\0\\\0version=1\\\0$" log &&
+	# Server responded using protocol v1
+	grep "push< version 1" log
+'
+
+stop_git_daemon
+
+# Test protocol v1 with 'file://' transport
+#
+test_expect_success 'create repo to be served by file:// transport' '
+	git init file_parent &&
+	test_commit -C file_parent one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone with file:// using protocol v1' '
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git -c protocol.version=1 \
+		clone "file://$(pwd)/file_parent" file_child 2>log &&
+
+	git -C file_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C file_parent log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Server responded using protocol v1
+	grep "clone< version 1" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with file:// using protocol v1' '
+	test_commit -C file_parent two &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git -C file_child -c protocol.version=1 \
+		fetch 2>log &&
+
+	git -C file_child log -1 --format=%s origin/master >actual &&
+	git -C file_parent log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Server responded using protocol v1
+	grep "fetch< version 1" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull with file:// using protocol v1' '
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git -C file_child -c protocol.version=1 \
+		pull 2>log &&
+
+	git -C file_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C file_parent log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Server responded using protocol v1
+	grep "fetch< version 1" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with file:// using protocol v1' '
+	test_commit -C file_child three &&
+
+	# Push to another branch, as the target repository has the
+	# master branch checked out and we cannot push into it.
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git -C file_child -c protocol.version=1 \
+		push origin HEAD:client_branch 2>log &&
+
+	git -C file_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C file_parent log -1 --format=%s client_branch >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Server responded using protocol v1
+	grep "push< version 1" log
+'
+
+# Test protocol v1 with 'ssh://' transport
+#
+test_expect_success 'setup ssh wrapper' '
+	GIT_SSH="$GIT_BUILD_DIR/t/helper/test-fake-ssh" &&
+	export GIT_SSH &&
+	GIT_SSH_VARIANT=ssh &&
+	export GIT_SSH_VARIANT &&
+	export TRASH_DIRECTORY &&
+	>"$TRASH_DIRECTORY"/ssh-output
+'
+
+expect_ssh () {
+	test_when_finished '(cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" && rm -f ssh-expect && >ssh-output)' &&
+	echo "ssh: -o SendEnv=GIT_PROTOCOL myhost $1 '$PWD/ssh_parent'" >"$TRASH_DIRECTORY/ssh-expect" &&
+	(cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" && test_cmp ssh-expect ssh-output)
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'create repo to be served by ssh:// transport' '
+	git init ssh_parent &&
+	test_commit -C ssh_parent one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone with ssh:// using protocol v1' '
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git -c protocol.version=1 \
+		clone "ssh://myhost:$(pwd)/ssh_parent" ssh_child 2>log &&
+	expect_ssh git-upload-pack &&
+
+	git -C ssh_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C ssh_parent log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Server responded using protocol v1
+	grep "clone< version 1" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with ssh:// using protocol v1' '
+	test_commit -C ssh_parent two &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git -C ssh_child -c protocol.version=1 \
+		fetch 2>log &&
+	expect_ssh git-upload-pack &&
+
+	git -C ssh_child log -1 --format=%s origin/master >actual &&
+	git -C ssh_parent log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Server responded using protocol v1
+	grep "fetch< version 1" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull with ssh:// using protocol v1' '
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git -C ssh_child -c protocol.version=1 \
+		pull 2>log &&
+	expect_ssh git-upload-pack &&
+
+	git -C ssh_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C ssh_parent log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Server responded using protocol v1
+	grep "fetch< version 1" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with ssh:// using protocol v1' '
+	test_commit -C ssh_child three &&
+
+	# Push to another branch, as the target repository has the
+	# master branch checked out and we cannot push into it.
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git -C ssh_child -c protocol.version=1 \
+		push origin HEAD:client_branch 2>log &&
+	expect_ssh git-receive-pack &&
+
+	git -C ssh_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C ssh_parent log -1 --format=%s client_branch >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Server responded using protocol v1
+	grep "push< version 1" log
+'
+
+# Test protocol v1 with 'http://' transport
+#
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+start_httpd
+
+test_expect_success 'create repo to be served by http:// transport' '
+	git init "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/http_parent" &&
+	git -C "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/http_parent" config http.receivepack true &&
+	test_commit -C "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/http_parent" one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone with http:// using protocol v1' '
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 GIT_TRACE_CURL=1 git -c protocol.version=1 \
+		clone "$HTTPD_URL/smart/http_parent" http_child 2>log &&
+
+	git -C http_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/http_parent" log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Client requested to use protocol v1
+	grep "Git-Protocol: version=1" log &&
+	# Server responded using protocol v1
+	grep "git< version 1" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with http:// using protocol v1' '
+	test_commit -C "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/http_parent" two &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git -C http_child -c protocol.version=1 \
+		fetch 2>log &&
+
+	git -C http_child log -1 --format=%s origin/master >actual &&
+	git -C "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/http_parent" log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Server responded using protocol v1
+	grep "git< version 1" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull with http:// using protocol v1' '
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git -C http_child -c protocol.version=1 \
+		pull 2>log &&
+
+	git -C http_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/http_parent" log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Server responded using protocol v1
+	grep "git< version 1" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with http:// using protocol v1' '
+	test_commit -C http_child three &&
+
+	# Push to another branch, as the target repository has the
+	# master branch checked out and we cannot push into it.
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1 git -C http_child -c protocol.version=1 \
+		push origin HEAD:client_branch && #2>log &&
+
+	git -C http_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/http_parent" log -1 --format=%s client_branch >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Server responded using protocol v1
+	grep "git< version 1" log
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5701-git-serve.sh b/t/t5701-git-serve.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..75ec79e6cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5701-git-serve.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test git-serve and server commands'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'test capability advertisement' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	version 2
+	agent=git/$(git version | cut -d" " -f3)
+	ls-refs
+	fetch=shallow
+	server-option
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	git serve --advertise-capabilities >out &&
+	test-pkt-line unpack <out >actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stateless-rpc flag does not list capabilities' '
+	# Empty request
+	test-pkt-line pack >in <<-EOF &&
+	0000
+	EOF
+	git serve --stateless-rpc >out <in &&
+	test_must_be_empty out &&
+
+	# EOF
+	git serve --stateless-rpc >out &&
+	test_must_be_empty out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'request invalid capability' '
+	test-pkt-line pack >in <<-EOF &&
+	foobar
+	0000
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git serve --stateless-rpc 2>err <in &&
+	test_i18ngrep "unknown capability" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'request with no command' '
+	test-pkt-line pack >in <<-EOF &&
+	agent=git/test
+	0000
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git serve --stateless-rpc 2>err <in &&
+	test_i18ngrep "no command requested" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'request invalid command' '
+	test-pkt-line pack >in <<-EOF &&
+	command=foo
+	agent=git/test
+	0000
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git serve --stateless-rpc 2>err <in &&
+	test_i18ngrep "invalid command" err
+'
+
+# Test the basics of ls-refs
+#
+test_expect_success 'setup some refs and tags' '
+	test_commit one &&
+	git branch dev master &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/release refs/heads/master &&
+	git tag -a -m "annotated tag" annotated-tag
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'basics of ls-refs' '
+	test-pkt-line pack >in <<-EOF &&
+	command=ls-refs
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse HEAD) HEAD
+	$(git rev-parse refs/heads/dev) refs/heads/dev
+	$(git rev-parse refs/heads/master) refs/heads/master
+	$(git rev-parse refs/heads/release) refs/heads/release
+	$(git rev-parse refs/tags/annotated-tag) refs/tags/annotated-tag
+	$(git rev-parse refs/tags/one) refs/tags/one
+	$(git rev-parse refs/tags/two) refs/tags/two
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	git serve --stateless-rpc <in >out &&
+	test-pkt-line unpack <out >actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'basic ref-prefixes' '
+	test-pkt-line pack >in <<-EOF &&
+	command=ls-refs
+	0001
+	ref-prefix refs/heads/master
+	ref-prefix refs/tags/one
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse refs/heads/master) refs/heads/master
+	$(git rev-parse refs/tags/one) refs/tags/one
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	git serve --stateless-rpc <in >out &&
+	test-pkt-line unpack <out >actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'refs/heads prefix' '
+	test-pkt-line pack >in <<-EOF &&
+	command=ls-refs
+	0001
+	ref-prefix refs/heads/
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse refs/heads/dev) refs/heads/dev
+	$(git rev-parse refs/heads/master) refs/heads/master
+	$(git rev-parse refs/heads/release) refs/heads/release
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	git serve --stateless-rpc <in >out &&
+	test-pkt-line unpack <out >actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'peel parameter' '
+	test-pkt-line pack >in <<-EOF &&
+	command=ls-refs
+	0001
+	peel
+	ref-prefix refs/tags/
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse refs/tags/annotated-tag) refs/tags/annotated-tag peeled:$(git rev-parse refs/tags/annotated-tag^{})
+	$(git rev-parse refs/tags/one) refs/tags/one
+	$(git rev-parse refs/tags/two) refs/tags/two
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	git serve --stateless-rpc <in >out &&
+	test-pkt-line unpack <out >actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symrefs parameter' '
+	test-pkt-line pack >in <<-EOF &&
+	command=ls-refs
+	0001
+	symrefs
+	ref-prefix refs/heads/
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse refs/heads/dev) refs/heads/dev
+	$(git rev-parse refs/heads/master) refs/heads/master
+	$(git rev-parse refs/heads/release) refs/heads/release symref-target:refs/heads/master
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	git serve --stateless-rpc <in >out &&
+	test-pkt-line unpack <out >actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sending server-options' '
+	test-pkt-line pack >in <<-EOF &&
+	command=ls-refs
+	server-option=hello
+	server-option=world
+	0001
+	ref-prefix HEAD
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse HEAD) HEAD
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	git serve --stateless-rpc <in >out &&
+	test-pkt-line unpack <out >actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unexpected lines are not allowed in fetch request' '
+	git init server &&
+
+	test-pkt-line pack >in <<-EOF &&
+	command=fetch
+	0001
+	this-is-not-a-command
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	test_must_fail git -C server serve --stateless-rpc <in >/dev/null 2>err &&
+	grep "unexpected line: .this-is-not-a-command." err
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5702-protocol-v2.sh b/t/t5702-protocol-v2.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3beeed4546
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5702-protocol-v2.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,501 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test git wire-protocol version 2'
+
+TEST_NO_CREATE_REPO=1
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Test protocol v2 with 'git://' transport
+#
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-git-daemon.sh
+start_git_daemon --export-all --enable=receive-pack
+daemon_parent=$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/parent
+
+test_expect_success 'create repo to be served by git-daemon' '
+	git init "$daemon_parent" &&
+	test_commit -C "$daemon_parent" one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'list refs with git:// using protocol v2' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -c protocol.version=2 \
+		ls-remote --symref "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/parent" >actual &&
+
+	# Client requested to use protocol v2
+	grep "git> .*\\\0\\\0version=2\\\0$" log &&
+	# Server responded using protocol v2
+	grep "git< version 2" log &&
+
+	git ls-remote --symref "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/parent" >expect &&
+	test_cmp actual expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref advertisment is filtered with ls-remote using protocol v2' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -c protocol.version=2 \
+		ls-remote "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/parent" master >actual &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$(git -C "$daemon_parent" rev-parse refs/heads/master)$(printf "\t")refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+
+	test_cmp actual expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone with git:// using protocol v2' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -c protocol.version=2 \
+		clone "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/parent" daemon_child &&
+
+	git -C daemon_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C "$daemon_parent" log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Client requested to use protocol v2
+	grep "clone> .*\\\0\\\0version=2\\\0$" log &&
+	# Server responded using protocol v2
+	grep "clone< version 2" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with git:// using protocol v2' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	test_commit -C "$daemon_parent" two &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -C daemon_child -c protocol.version=2 \
+		fetch &&
+
+	git -C daemon_child log -1 --format=%s origin/master >actual &&
+	git -C "$daemon_parent" log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Client requested to use protocol v2
+	grep "fetch> .*\\\0\\\0version=2\\\0$" log &&
+	# Server responded using protocol v2
+	grep "fetch< version 2" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull with git:// using protocol v2' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -C daemon_child -c protocol.version=2 \
+		pull &&
+
+	git -C daemon_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C "$daemon_parent" log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Client requested to use protocol v2
+	grep "fetch> .*\\\0\\\0version=2\\\0$" log &&
+	# Server responded using protocol v2
+	grep "fetch< version 2" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with git:// and a config of v2 does not request v2' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	# Till v2 for push is designed, make sure that if a client has
+	# protocol.version configured to use v2, that the client instead falls
+	# back and uses v0.
+
+	test_commit -C daemon_child three &&
+
+	# Push to another branch, as the target repository has the
+	# master branch checked out and we cannot push into it.
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -C daemon_child -c protocol.version=2 \
+		push origin HEAD:client_branch &&
+
+	git -C daemon_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C "$daemon_parent" log -1 --format=%s client_branch >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Client requested to use protocol v2
+	! grep "push> .*\\\0\\\0version=2\\\0$" log &&
+	# Server responded using protocol v2
+	! grep "push< version 2" log
+'
+
+stop_git_daemon
+
+# Test protocol v2 with 'file://' transport
+#
+test_expect_success 'create repo to be served by file:// transport' '
+	git init file_parent &&
+	test_commit -C file_parent one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'list refs with file:// using protocol v2' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -c protocol.version=2 \
+		ls-remote --symref "file://$(pwd)/file_parent" >actual &&
+
+	# Server responded using protocol v2
+	grep "git< version 2" log &&
+
+	git ls-remote --symref "file://$(pwd)/file_parent" >expect &&
+	test_cmp actual expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref advertisment is filtered with ls-remote using protocol v2' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -c protocol.version=2 \
+		ls-remote "file://$(pwd)/file_parent" master >actual &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$(git -C file_parent rev-parse refs/heads/master)$(printf "\t")refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+
+	test_cmp actual expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'server-options are sent when using ls-remote' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -c protocol.version=2 \
+		ls-remote -o hello -o world "file://$(pwd)/file_parent" master >actual &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$(git -C file_parent rev-parse refs/heads/master)$(printf "\t")refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+
+	test_cmp actual expect &&
+	grep "server-option=hello" log &&
+	grep "server-option=world" log
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'clone with file:// using protocol v2' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -c protocol.version=2 \
+		clone "file://$(pwd)/file_parent" file_child &&
+
+	git -C file_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C file_parent log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Server responded using protocol v2
+	grep "clone< version 2" log &&
+
+	# Client sent ref-prefixes to filter the ref-advertisement
+	grep "ref-prefix HEAD" log &&
+	grep "ref-prefix refs/heads/" log &&
+	grep "ref-prefix refs/tags/" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with file:// using protocol v2' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	test_commit -C file_parent two &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -C file_child -c protocol.version=2 \
+		fetch origin &&
+
+	git -C file_child log -1 --format=%s origin/master >actual &&
+	git -C file_parent log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Server responded using protocol v2
+	grep "fetch< version 2" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ref advertisment is filtered during fetch using protocol v2' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	test_commit -C file_parent three &&
+	git -C file_parent branch unwanted-branch three &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -C file_child -c protocol.version=2 \
+		fetch origin master &&
+
+	git -C file_child log -1 --format=%s origin/master >actual &&
+	git -C file_parent log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	grep "refs/heads/master" log &&
+	! grep "refs/heads/unwanted-branch" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'server-options are sent when fetching' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	test_commit -C file_parent four &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -C file_child -c protocol.version=2 \
+		fetch -o hello -o world origin master &&
+
+	git -C file_child log -1 --format=%s origin/master >actual &&
+	git -C file_parent log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	grep "server-option=hello" log &&
+	grep "server-option=world" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'upload-pack respects config using protocol v2' '
+	git init server &&
+	write_script server/.git/hook <<-\EOF &&
+		touch hookout
+		"$@"
+	EOF
+	test_commit -C server one &&
+
+	test_config_global uploadpack.packobjectshook ./hook &&
+	test_path_is_missing server/.git/hookout &&
+	git -c protocol.version=2 clone "file://$(pwd)/server" client &&
+	test_path_is_file server/.git/hookout
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup filter tests' '
+	rm -rf server client &&
+	git init server &&
+
+	# 1 commit to create a file, and 1 commit to modify it
+	test_commit -C server message1 a.txt &&
+	test_commit -C server message2 a.txt &&
+	git -C server config protocol.version 2 &&
+	git -C server config uploadpack.allowfilter 1 &&
+	git -C server config uploadpack.allowanysha1inwant 1 &&
+	git -C server config protocol.version 2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'partial clone' '
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/trace" git -c protocol.version=2 \
+		clone --filter=blob:none "file://$(pwd)/server" client &&
+	grep "version 2" trace &&
+
+	# Ensure that the old version of the file is missing
+	git -C client rev-list master --quiet --objects --missing=print \
+		>observed.oids &&
+	grep "$(git -C server rev-parse message1:a.txt)" observed.oids &&
+
+	# Ensure that client passes fsck
+	git -C client fsck
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'dynamically fetch missing object' '
+	rm "$(pwd)/trace" &&
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/trace" git -C client -c protocol.version=2 \
+		cat-file -p $(git -C server rev-parse message1:a.txt) &&
+	grep "version 2" trace
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'partial fetch' '
+	rm -rf client "$(pwd)/trace" &&
+	git init client &&
+	SERVER="file://$(pwd)/server" &&
+	test_config -C client extensions.partialClone "$SERVER" &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/trace" git -C client -c protocol.version=2 \
+		fetch --filter=blob:none "$SERVER" master:refs/heads/other &&
+	grep "version 2" trace &&
+
+	# Ensure that the old version of the file is missing
+	git -C client rev-list other --quiet --objects --missing=print \
+		>observed.oids &&
+	grep "$(git -C server rev-parse message1:a.txt)" observed.oids &&
+
+	# Ensure that client passes fsck
+	git -C client fsck
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not advertise filter if not configured to do so' '
+	SERVER="file://$(pwd)/server" &&
+
+	rm "$(pwd)/trace" &&
+	git -C server config uploadpack.allowfilter 1 &&
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/trace" git -c protocol.version=2 \
+		ls-remote "$SERVER" &&
+	grep "fetch=.*filter" trace &&
+
+	rm "$(pwd)/trace" &&
+	git -C server config uploadpack.allowfilter 0 &&
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/trace" git -c protocol.version=2 \
+		ls-remote "$SERVER" &&
+	grep "fetch=" trace >fetch_capabilities &&
+	! grep filter fetch_capabilities
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'partial clone warns if filter is not advertised' '
+	rm -rf client &&
+	git -C server config uploadpack.allowfilter 0 &&
+	git -c protocol.version=2 \
+		clone --filter=blob:none "file://$(pwd)/server" client 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "filtering not recognized by server, ignoring" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'even with handcrafted request, filter does not work if not advertised' '
+	git -C server config uploadpack.allowfilter 0 &&
+
+	# Custom request that tries to filter even though it is not advertised.
+	test-pkt-line pack >in <<-EOF &&
+	command=fetch
+	0001
+	want $(git -C server rev-parse master)
+	filter blob:none
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	test_must_fail git -C server serve --stateless-rpc <in >/dev/null 2>err &&
+	grep "unexpected line: .filter blob:none." err &&
+
+	# Exercise to ensure that if advertised, filter works
+	git -C server config uploadpack.allowfilter 1 &&
+	git -C server serve --stateless-rpc <in >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'default refspec is used to filter ref when fetchcing' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -C file_child -c protocol.version=2 \
+		fetch origin &&
+
+	git -C file_child log -1 --format=%s three >actual &&
+	git -C file_parent log -1 --format=%s three >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	grep "ref-prefix refs/heads/" log &&
+	grep "ref-prefix refs/tags/" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch supports various ways of have lines' '
+	rm -rf server client trace &&
+	git init server &&
+	test_commit -C server dwim &&
+	TREE=$(git -C server rev-parse HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	git -C server tag exact \
+		$(git -C server commit-tree -m a "$TREE") &&
+	git -C server tag dwim-unwanted \
+		$(git -C server commit-tree -m b "$TREE") &&
+	git -C server tag exact-unwanted \
+		$(git -C server commit-tree -m c "$TREE") &&
+	git -C server tag prefix1 \
+		$(git -C server commit-tree -m d "$TREE") &&
+	git -C server tag prefix2 \
+		$(git -C server commit-tree -m e "$TREE") &&
+	git -C server tag fetch-by-sha1 \
+		$(git -C server commit-tree -m f "$TREE") &&
+	git -C server tag completely-unrelated \
+		$(git -C server commit-tree -m g "$TREE") &&
+
+	git init client &&
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/trace" git -C client -c protocol.version=2 \
+		fetch "file://$(pwd)/server" \
+		dwim \
+		refs/tags/exact \
+		refs/tags/prefix*:refs/tags/prefix* \
+		"$(git -C server rev-parse fetch-by-sha1)" &&
+
+	# Ensure that the appropriate prefixes are sent (using a sample)
+	grep "fetch> ref-prefix dwim" trace &&
+	grep "fetch> ref-prefix refs/heads/dwim" trace &&
+	grep "fetch> ref-prefix refs/tags/prefix" trace &&
+
+	# Ensure that the correct objects are returned
+	git -C client cat-file -e $(git -C server rev-parse dwim) &&
+	git -C client cat-file -e $(git -C server rev-parse exact) &&
+	git -C client cat-file -e $(git -C server rev-parse prefix1) &&
+	git -C client cat-file -e $(git -C server rev-parse prefix2) &&
+	git -C client cat-file -e $(git -C server rev-parse fetch-by-sha1) &&
+	test_must_fail git -C client cat-file -e \
+		$(git -C server rev-parse dwim-unwanted) &&
+	test_must_fail git -C client cat-file -e \
+		$(git -C server rev-parse exact-unwanted) &&
+	test_must_fail git -C client cat-file -e \
+		$(git -C server rev-parse completely-unrelated)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch supports include-tag and tag following' '
+	rm -rf server client trace &&
+	git init server &&
+
+	test_commit -C server to_fetch &&
+	git -C server tag -a annotated_tag -m message &&
+
+	git init client &&
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/trace" git -C client -c protocol.version=2 \
+		fetch "$(pwd)/server" to_fetch:to_fetch &&
+
+	grep "fetch> ref-prefix to_fetch" trace &&
+	grep "fetch> ref-prefix refs/tags/" trace &&
+	grep "fetch> include-tag" trace &&
+
+	git -C client cat-file -e $(git -C client rev-parse annotated_tag)
+'
+
+# Test protocol v2 with 'http://' transport
+#
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+start_httpd
+
+test_expect_success 'create repo to be served by http:// transport' '
+	git init "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/http_parent" &&
+	git -C "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/http_parent" config http.receivepack true &&
+	test_commit -C "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/http_parent" one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone with http:// using protocol v2' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" GIT_TRACE_CURL="$(pwd)/log" git -c protocol.version=2 \
+		clone "$HTTPD_URL/smart/http_parent" http_child &&
+
+	git -C http_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/http_parent" log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Client requested to use protocol v2
+	grep "Git-Protocol: version=2" log &&
+	# Server responded using protocol v2
+	grep "git< version 2" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with http:// using protocol v2' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	test_commit -C "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/http_parent" two &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -C http_child -c protocol.version=2 \
+		fetch &&
+
+	git -C http_child log -1 --format=%s origin/master >actual &&
+	git -C "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/http_parent" log -1 --format=%s >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Server responded using protocol v2
+	grep "git< version 2" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with http:// and a config of v2 does not request v2' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+	# Till v2 for push is designed, make sure that if a client has
+	# protocol.version configured to use v2, that the client instead falls
+	# back and uses v0.
+
+	test_commit -C http_child three &&
+
+	# Push to another branch, as the target repository has the
+	# master branch checked out and we cannot push into it.
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -C http_child -c protocol.version=2 \
+		push origin HEAD:client_branch &&
+
+	git -C http_child log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	git -C "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/http_parent" log -1 --format=%s client_branch >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Client didnt request to use protocol v2
+	! grep "Git-Protocol: version=2" log &&
+	# Server didnt respond using protocol v2
+	! grep "git< version 2" log
+'
+
+
+stop_httpd
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5703-upload-pack-ref-in-want.sh b/t/t5703-upload-pack-ref-in-want.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a73c55a47e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5703-upload-pack-ref-in-want.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,377 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='upload-pack ref-in-want'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+get_actual_refs () {
+	sed -n -e '/wanted-refs/,/0001/{
+		/wanted-refs/d
+		/0001/d
+		p
+		}' <out | test-pkt-line unpack >actual_refs
+}
+
+get_actual_commits () {
+	sed -n -e '/packfile/,/0000/{
+		/packfile/d
+		p
+		}' <out | test-pkt-line unpack-sideband >o.pack &&
+	git index-pack o.pack &&
+	git verify-pack -v o.idx | grep commit | cut -c-40 | sort >actual_commits
+}
+
+check_output () {
+	get_actual_refs &&
+	test_cmp expected_refs actual_refs &&
+	get_actual_commits &&
+	test_cmp expected_commits actual_commits
+}
+
+# c(o/foo) d(o/bar)
+#        \ /
+#         b   e(baz)  f(master)
+#          \__  |  __/
+#             \ | /
+#               a
+test_expect_success 'setup repository' '
+	test_commit a &&
+	git checkout -b o/foo &&
+	test_commit b &&
+	test_commit c &&
+	git checkout -b o/bar b &&
+	test_commit d &&
+	git checkout -b baz a &&
+	test_commit e &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_commit f
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'config controls ref-in-want advertisement' '
+	git serve --advertise-capabilities >out &&
+	! grep -a ref-in-want out &&
+
+	git config uploadpack.allowRefInWant false &&
+	git serve --advertise-capabilities >out &&
+	! grep -a ref-in-want out &&
+
+	git config uploadpack.allowRefInWant true &&
+	git serve --advertise-capabilities >out &&
+	grep -a ref-in-want out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'invalid want-ref line' '
+	test-pkt-line pack >in <<-EOF &&
+	command=fetch
+	0001
+	no-progress
+	want-ref refs/heads/non-existent
+	done
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	test_must_fail git serve --stateless-rpc 2>out <in &&
+	grep "unknown ref" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'basic want-ref' '
+	cat >expected_refs <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse f) refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	git rev-parse f | sort >expected_commits &&
+
+	test-pkt-line pack >in <<-EOF &&
+	command=fetch
+	0001
+	no-progress
+	want-ref refs/heads/master
+	have $(git rev-parse a)
+	done
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	git serve --stateless-rpc >out <in &&
+	check_output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple want-ref lines' '
+	cat >expected_refs <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse c) refs/heads/o/foo
+	$(git rev-parse d) refs/heads/o/bar
+	EOF
+	git rev-parse c d | sort >expected_commits &&
+
+	test-pkt-line pack >in <<-EOF &&
+	command=fetch
+	0001
+	no-progress
+	want-ref refs/heads/o/foo
+	want-ref refs/heads/o/bar
+	have $(git rev-parse b)
+	done
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	git serve --stateless-rpc >out <in &&
+	check_output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mix want and want-ref' '
+	cat >expected_refs <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse f) refs/heads/master
+	EOF
+	git rev-parse e f | sort >expected_commits &&
+
+	test-pkt-line pack >in <<-EOF &&
+	command=fetch
+	0001
+	no-progress
+	want-ref refs/heads/master
+	want $(git rev-parse e)
+	have $(git rev-parse a)
+	done
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	git serve --stateless-rpc >out <in &&
+	check_output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'want-ref with ref we already have commit for' '
+	cat >expected_refs <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse c) refs/heads/o/foo
+	EOF
+	>expected_commits &&
+
+	test-pkt-line pack >in <<-EOF &&
+	command=fetch
+	0001
+	no-progress
+	want-ref refs/heads/o/foo
+	have $(git rev-parse c)
+	done
+	0000
+	EOF
+
+	git serve --stateless-rpc >out <in &&
+	check_output
+'
+
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+start_httpd
+
+REPO="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo"
+LOCAL_PRISTINE="$(pwd)/local_pristine"
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repos for change-while-negotiating test' '
+	(
+		git init "$REPO" &&
+		cd "$REPO" &&
+		>.git/git-daemon-export-ok &&
+		test_commit m1 &&
+		git tag -d m1 &&
+
+		# Local repo with many commits (so that negotiation will take
+		# more than 1 request/response pair)
+		git clone "http://127.0.0.1:$LIB_HTTPD_PORT/smart/repo" "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" &&
+		cd "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" &&
+		git checkout -b side &&
+		for i in $(seq 1 33); do test_commit s$i; done &&
+
+		# Add novel commits to upstream
+		git checkout master &&
+		cd "$REPO" &&
+		test_commit m2 &&
+		test_commit m3 &&
+		git tag -d m2 m3
+	) &&
+	git -C "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" remote set-url origin "http://127.0.0.1:$LIB_HTTPD_PORT/one_time_sed/repo" &&
+	git -C "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" config protocol.version 2
+'
+
+inconsistency () {
+	# Simulate that the server initially reports $2 as the ref
+	# corresponding to $1, and after that, $1 as the ref corresponding to
+	# $1. This corresponds to the real-life situation where the server's
+	# repository appears to change during negotiation, for example, when
+	# different servers in a load-balancing arrangement serve (stateless)
+	# RPCs during a single negotiation.
+	printf "s/%s/%s/" \
+	       $(git -C "$REPO" rev-parse $1 | tr -d "\n") \
+	       $(git -C "$REPO" rev-parse $2 | tr -d "\n") \
+	       >"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/one-time-sed"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'server is initially ahead - no ref in want' '
+	git -C "$REPO" config uploadpack.allowRefInWant false &&
+	rm -rf local &&
+	cp -r "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" local &&
+	inconsistency master 1234567890123456789012345678901234567890 &&
+	test_must_fail git -C local fetch 2>err &&
+	grep "ERR upload-pack: not our ref" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'server is initially ahead - ref in want' '
+	git -C "$REPO" config uploadpack.allowRefInWant true &&
+	rm -rf local &&
+	cp -r "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" local &&
+	inconsistency master 1234567890123456789012345678901234567890 &&
+	git -C local fetch &&
+
+	git -C "$REPO" rev-parse --verify master >expected &&
+	git -C local rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'server is initially behind - no ref in want' '
+	git -C "$REPO" config uploadpack.allowRefInWant false &&
+	rm -rf local &&
+	cp -r "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" local &&
+	inconsistency master "master^" &&
+	git -C local fetch &&
+
+	git -C "$REPO" rev-parse --verify "master^" >expected &&
+	git -C local rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'server is initially behind - ref in want' '
+	git -C "$REPO" config uploadpack.allowRefInWant true &&
+	rm -rf local &&
+	cp -r "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" local &&
+	inconsistency master "master^" &&
+	git -C local fetch &&
+
+	git -C "$REPO" rev-parse --verify "master" >expected &&
+	git -C local rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'server loses a ref - ref in want' '
+	git -C "$REPO" config uploadpack.allowRefInWant true &&
+	rm -rf local &&
+	cp -r "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" local &&
+	echo "s/master/raster/" >"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/one-time-sed" &&
+	test_must_fail git -C local fetch 2>err &&
+
+	grep "ERR unknown ref refs/heads/raster" err
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+
+REPO="$(pwd)/repo"
+LOCAL_PRISTINE="$(pwd)/local_pristine"
+
+# $REPO
+# c(o/foo) d(o/bar)
+#        \ /
+#         b   e(baz)  f(master)
+#          \__  |  __/
+#             \ | /
+#               a
+#
+# $LOCAL_PRISTINE
+#		s32(side)
+#		|
+#		.
+#		.
+#		|
+#		a(master)
+test_expect_success 'setup repos for fetching with ref-in-want tests' '
+	(
+		git init "$REPO" &&
+		cd "$REPO" &&
+		test_commit a &&
+
+		# Local repo with many commits (so that negotiation will take
+		# more than 1 request/response pair)
+		rm -rf "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" &&
+		git clone "file://$REPO" "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" &&
+		cd "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" &&
+		git checkout -b side &&
+		for i in $(seq 1 33); do test_commit s$i; done &&
+
+		# Add novel commits to upstream
+		git checkout master &&
+		cd "$REPO" &&
+		git checkout -b o/foo &&
+		test_commit b &&
+		test_commit c &&
+		git checkout -b o/bar b &&
+		test_commit d &&
+		git checkout -b baz a &&
+		test_commit e &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		test_commit f
+	) &&
+	git -C "$REPO" config uploadpack.allowRefInWant true &&
+	git -C "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" config protocol.version 2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetching with exact OID' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	rm -rf local &&
+	cp -r "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" local &&
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -C local fetch origin \
+		$(git -C "$REPO" rev-parse d):refs/heads/actual &&
+
+	git -C "$REPO" rev-parse "d" >expected &&
+	git -C local rev-parse refs/heads/actual >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	grep "want $(git -C "$REPO" rev-parse d)" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetching multiple refs' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	rm -rf local &&
+	cp -r "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" local &&
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -C local fetch origin master baz &&
+
+	git -C "$REPO" rev-parse "master" "baz" >expected &&
+	git -C local rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/master refs/remotes/origin/baz >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	grep "want-ref refs/heads/master" log &&
+	grep "want-ref refs/heads/baz" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetching ref and exact OID' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	rm -rf local &&
+	cp -r "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" local &&
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -C local fetch origin \
+		master $(git -C "$REPO" rev-parse b):refs/heads/actual &&
+
+	git -C "$REPO" rev-parse "master" "b" >expected &&
+	git -C local rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/master refs/heads/actual >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	grep "want $(git -C "$REPO" rev-parse b)" log &&
+	grep "want-ref refs/heads/master" log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetching with wildcard that does not match any refs' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	rm -rf local &&
+	cp -r "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" local &&
+	git -C local fetch origin refs/heads/none*:refs/heads/* >out &&
+	test_must_be_empty out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetching with wildcard that matches multiple refs' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f log" &&
+
+	rm -rf local &&
+	cp -r "$LOCAL_PRISTINE" local &&
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET="$(pwd)/log" git -C local fetch origin refs/heads/o*:refs/heads/o* &&
+
+	git -C "$REPO" rev-parse "o/foo" "o/bar" >expected &&
+	git -C local rev-parse "o/foo" "o/bar" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	grep "want-ref refs/heads/o/foo" log &&
+	grep "want-ref refs/heads/o/bar" log
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5710-info-alternate.sh b/t/t5710-info-alternate.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 5a6e49d18d..0000000000
--- a/t/t5710-info-alternate.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# Copyright (C) 2006 Martin Waitz <tali@admingilde.org>
-#
-
-test_description='test transitive info/alternate entries'
-. ./test-lib.sh
-
-# test that a file is not reachable in the current repository
-# but that it is after creating a info/alternate entry
-reachable_via() {
-	alternate="$1"
-	file="$2"
-	if git cat-file -e "HEAD:$file"; then return 1; fi
-	echo "$alternate" >> .git/objects/info/alternate
-	git cat-file -e "HEAD:$file"
-}
-
-test_valid_repo() {
-	git fsck --full > fsck.log &&
-	test_line_count = 0 fsck.log
-}
-
-base_dir=`pwd`
-
-test_expect_success 'preparing first repository' \
-'test_create_repo A && cd A &&
-echo "Hello World" > file1 &&
-git add file1 &&
-git commit -m "Initial commit" file1 &&
-git repack -a -d &&
-git prune'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'preparing second repository' \
-'git clone -l -s A B && cd B &&
-echo "foo bar" > file2 &&
-git add file2 &&
-git commit -m "next commit" file2 &&
-git repack -a -d -l &&
-git prune'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'preparing third repository' \
-'git clone -l -s B C && cd C &&
-echo "Goodbye, cruel world" > file3 &&
-git add file3 &&
-git commit -m "one more" file3 &&
-git repack -a -d -l &&
-git prune'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'creating too deep nesting' \
-'git clone -l -s C D &&
-git clone -l -s D E &&
-git clone -l -s E F &&
-git clone -l -s F G &&
-git clone --bare -l -s G H'
-
-test_expect_success 'invalidity of deepest repository' \
-'cd H && {
-	test_valid_repo
-	test $? -ne 0
-}'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'validity of third repository' \
-'cd C &&
-test_valid_repo'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'validity of fourth repository' \
-'cd D &&
-test_valid_repo'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'breaking of loops' \
-'echo "$base_dir"/B/.git/objects >> "$base_dir"/A/.git/objects/info/alternates&&
-cd C &&
-test_valid_repo'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'that info/alternates is necessary' \
-'cd C &&
-rm -f .git/objects/info/alternates &&
-! (test_valid_repo)'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'that relative alternate is possible for current dir' \
-'cd C &&
-echo "../../../B/.git/objects" > .git/objects/info/alternates &&
-test_valid_repo'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'that relative alternate is only possible for current dir' '
-    cd D &&
-    ! (test_valid_repo)
-'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_done
diff --git a/t/t5801-remote-helpers.sh b/t/t5801-remote-helpers.sh
index c9d3ed14c3..aaaa722cca 100755
--- a/t/t5801-remote-helpers.sh
+++ b/t/t5801-remote-helpers.sh
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push new branch with old:new refspec' '
 
 test_expect_success 'push new branch with HEAD:new refspec' '
 	(cd local &&
-	 git checkout new-name
+	 git checkout new-name &&
 	 git push origin HEAD:new-refspec-2
 	) &&
 	compare_refs local HEAD server refs/heads/new-refspec-2
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ test_expect_success 'forced push' '
 test_expect_success 'cloning without refspec' '
 	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_REFSPEC="" \
 	git clone "testgit::${PWD}/server" local2 2>error &&
-	grep "This remote helper should implement refspec capability" error &&
+	test_i18ngrep "this remote helper should implement refspec capability" error &&
 	compare_refs local2 HEAD server HEAD
 '
 
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ test_expect_success 'pulling without refspecs' '
 	(cd local2 &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_REFSPEC="" git pull 2>../error) &&
-	grep "This remote helper should implement refspec capability" error &&
+	test_i18ngrep "this remote helper should implement refspec capability" error &&
 	compare_refs local2 HEAD server HEAD
 '
 
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ test_expect_success 'pushing without refspecs' '
 	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_REFSPEC="" &&
 	export GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_REFSPEC &&
 	test_must_fail git push 2>../error) &&
-	grep "remote-helper doesn.t support push; refspec needed" error
+	test_i18ngrep "remote-helper doesn.t support push; refspec needed" error
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pulling without marks' '
@@ -242,28 +242,24 @@ clean_mark () {
 	sort >$(basename "$1")
 }
 
-cmp_marks () {
-	test_when_finished "rm -rf git.marks testgit.marks" &&
-	clean_mark ".git/testgit/$1/git.marks" &&
-	clean_mark ".git/testgit/$1/testgit.marks" &&
-	test_cmp git.marks testgit.marks
-}
-
 test_expect_success 'proper failure checks for fetching' '
 	(cd local &&
 	test_must_fail env GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE=1 git fetch 2>error &&
 	cat error &&
-	grep -q "Error while running fast-import" error
+	test_i18ngrep -q "error while running fast-import" error
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'proper failure checks for pushing' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf local/git.marks local/testgit.marks" &&
 	(cd local &&
 	git checkout -b crash master &&
 	echo crash >>file &&
 	git commit -a -m crash &&
 	test_must_fail env GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE=1 git push --all &&
-	cmp_marks origin
+	clean_mark ".git/testgit/origin/git.marks" &&
+	clean_mark ".git/testgit/origin/testgit.marks" &&
+	test_cmp git.marks testgit.marks
 	)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t5802-connect-helper.sh b/t/t5802-connect-helper.sh
index 878faf2b63..c6c2661878 100755
--- a/t/t5802-connect-helper.sh
+++ b/t/t5802-connect-helper.sh
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ test_description='ext::cmd remote "connect" helper'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
+	git config --global protocol.ext.allow user &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit --allow-empty -m initial &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -69,4 +70,32 @@ test_expect_success 'update backfilled tag without primary transfer' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+
+test_expect_success 'set up fake git-daemon' '
+	mkdir remote &&
+	git init --bare remote/one.git &&
+	mkdir remote/host &&
+	git init --bare remote/host/two.git &&
+	write_script fake-daemon <<-\EOF &&
+	git daemon --inetd \
+		--informative-errors \
+		--export-all \
+		--base-path="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/remote" \
+		--interpolated-path="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/remote/%H%D" \
+		"$TRASH_DIRECTORY/remote"
+	EOF
+	export TRASH_DIRECTORY &&
+	PATH=$TRASH_DIRECTORY:$PATH
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ext command can connect to git daemon (no vhost)' '
+	rm -rf dst &&
+	git clone "ext::fake-daemon %G/one.git" dst
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ext command can connect to git daemon (vhost)' '
+	rm -rf dst &&
+	git clone "ext::fake-daemon %G/two.git %Vhost" dst
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5810-proto-disable-local.sh b/t/t5810-proto-disable-local.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c1ef99b85c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5810-proto-disable-local.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test disabling of local paths in clone/fetch'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY/lib-proto-disable.sh"
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repository to clone' '
+	test_commit one
+'
+
+test_proto "file://" file "file://$PWD"
+test_proto "path" file .
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repo with dash' '
+	git init --bare repo.git &&
+	git push repo.git HEAD &&
+	mv repo.git "$PWD/-repo.git"
+'
+
+# This will fail even without our rejection because upload-pack will
+# complain about the bogus option. So let's make sure that GIT_TRACE
+# doesn't show us even running upload-pack.
+#
+# We must also be sure to use "fetch" and not "clone" here, as the latter
+# actually canonicalizes our input into an absolute path (which is fine
+# to allow).
+test_expect_success 'repo names starting with dash are rejected' '
+	rm -f trace.out &&
+	test_must_fail env GIT_TRACE="$PWD/trace.out" git fetch -- -repo.git &&
+	! grep upload-pack trace.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'full paths still work' '
+	git fetch "$PWD/-repo.git"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5811-proto-disable-git.sh b/t/t5811-proto-disable-git.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..8ac6b2a1d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5811-proto-disable-git.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test disabling of git-over-tcp in clone/fetch'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY/lib-proto-disable.sh"
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY/lib-git-daemon.sh"
+start_git_daemon
+
+test_expect_success 'create git-accessible repo' '
+	bare="$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	test_commit one &&
+	git --bare init "$bare" &&
+	git push "$bare" HEAD &&
+	>"$bare/git-daemon-export-ok" &&
+	git -C "$bare" config daemon.receivepack true
+'
+
+test_proto "git://" git "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/repo.git"
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5812-proto-disable-http.sh b/t/t5812-proto-disable-http.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..872788ac8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5812-proto-disable-http.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test disabling of git-over-http in clone/fetch'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY/lib-proto-disable.sh"
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY/lib-httpd.sh"
+start_httpd
+
+test_expect_success 'create git-accessible repo' '
+	bare="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	test_commit one &&
+	git --bare init "$bare" &&
+	git push "$bare" HEAD &&
+	git -C "$bare" config http.receivepack true
+'
+
+test_proto "smart http" http "$HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git"
+
+test_expect_success 'curl redirects respect whitelist' '
+	test_must_fail env GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL=http:https \
+			   GIT_SMART_HTTP=0 \
+		git clone "$HTTPD_URL/ftp-redir/repo.git" 2>stderr &&
+	test_i18ngrep -E "(ftp.*disabled|your curl version is too old)" stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'curl limits redirects' '
+	test_must_fail git clone "$HTTPD_URL/loop-redir/smart/repo.git"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'http can be limited to from-user' '
+	git -c protocol.http.allow=user \
+		clone "$HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git" plain.git &&
+	test_must_fail git -c protocol.http.allow=user \
+		clone "$HTTPD_URL/smart-redir-perm/repo.git" redir.git
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5813-proto-disable-ssh.sh b/t/t5813-proto-disable-ssh.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3f084ee306
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5813-proto-disable-ssh.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test disabling of git-over-ssh in clone/fetch'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY/lib-proto-disable.sh"
+
+setup_ssh_wrapper
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repository to clone' '
+	test_commit one &&
+	mkdir remote &&
+	git init --bare remote/repo.git &&
+	git push remote/repo.git HEAD
+'
+
+test_proto "host:path" ssh "remote:repo.git"
+test_proto "ssh://" ssh "ssh://remote$PWD/remote/repo.git"
+test_proto "git+ssh://" ssh "git+ssh://remote$PWD/remote/repo.git"
+
+# Don't even bother setting up a "-remote" directory, as ssh would generally
+# complain about the bogus option rather than completing our request. Our
+# fake wrapper actually _can_ handle this case, but it's more robust to
+# simply confirm from its output that it did not run at all.
+test_expect_success 'hostnames starting with dash are rejected' '
+	test_must_fail git clone ssh://-remote/repo.git dash-host 2>stderr &&
+	! grep ^ssh: stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repo with dash' '
+	git init --bare remote/-repo.git &&
+	git push remote/-repo.git HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'repo names starting with dash are rejected' '
+	test_must_fail git clone remote:-repo.git dash-path 2>stderr &&
+	! grep ^ssh: stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'full paths still work' '
+	git clone "remote:$PWD/remote/-repo.git" dash-path
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5814-proto-disable-ext.sh b/t/t5814-proto-disable-ext.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..9d6f7dfa2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5814-proto-disable-ext.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test disabling of remote-helper paths in clone/fetch'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY/lib-proto-disable.sh"
+
+setup_ext_wrapper
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repository to clone' '
+	test_commit one &&
+	mkdir remote &&
+	git init --bare remote/repo.git &&
+	git push remote/repo.git HEAD
+'
+
+test_proto "remote-helper" ext "ext::fake-remote %S repo.git"
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5815-submodule-protos.sh b/t/t5815-submodule-protos.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..06f55a1b8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5815-submodule-protos.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test protocol whitelisting with submodules'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-proto-disable.sh
+
+setup_ext_wrapper
+setup_ssh_wrapper
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repository with submodules' '
+	mkdir remote &&
+	git init remote/repo.git &&
+	(cd remote/repo.git && test_commit one) &&
+	# submodule-add should probably trust what we feed it on the cmdline,
+	# but its implementation is overly conservative.
+	GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL=ssh git submodule add remote:repo.git ssh-module &&
+	GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL=ext git submodule add "ext::fake-remote %S repo.git" ext-module &&
+	git commit -m "add submodules"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone with recurse-submodules fails' '
+	test_must_fail git clone --recurse-submodules . dst
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup individual updates' '
+	rm -rf dst &&
+	git clone . dst &&
+	git -C dst submodule init
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update of ssh allowed' '
+	git -C dst submodule update ssh-module
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update of ext not allowed' '
+	test_must_fail git -C dst submodule update ext-module
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'user can override whitelist' '
+	GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL=ext git -C dst submodule update ext-module
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5900-repo-selection.sh b/t/t5900-repo-selection.sh
index 3d5b418bb4..14e59c5b3e 100755
--- a/t/t5900-repo-selection.sh
+++ b/t/t5900-repo-selection.sh
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ make_tree() {
 make_bare() {
 	git init --bare "$1" &&
 	(cd "$1" &&
-	 tree=`git hash-object -w -t tree /dev/null` &&
+	 tree=$(git hash-object -w -t tree /dev/null) &&
 	 commit=$(echo "$1" | git commit-tree $tree) &&
 	 git update-ref HEAD $commit
 	)
diff --git a/t/t6000-rev-list-misc.sh b/t/t6000-rev-list-misc.sh
index 7911ed9af6..fb4d295aa0 100755
--- a/t/t6000-rev-list-misc.sh
+++ b/t/t6000-rev-list-misc.sh
@@ -58,8 +58,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rev-list A..B and rev-list ^A B are the same' '
 
 test_expect_success 'propagate uninteresting flag down correctly' '
 	git rev-list --objects ^HEAD^{tree} HEAD^{tree} >actual &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'symleft flag bit is propagated down from tag' '
@@ -96,4 +95,22 @@ test_expect_success 'rev-list can show index objects' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--bisect and --first-parent can not be combined' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-list --bisect --first-parent HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--header shows a NUL after each commit' '
+	# We know that there is no Q in the true payload; names and
+	# addresses of the authors and the committers do not have
+	# any, and object names or header names do not, either.
+	git rev-list --header --max-count=2 HEAD |
+	nul_to_q |
+	grep "^Q" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	Q$(git rev-parse HEAD~1)
+	Q
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6001-rev-list-graft.sh b/t/t6001-rev-list-graft.sh
index 8efcd13079..7504ba4751 100755
--- a/t/t6001-rev-list-graft.sh
+++ b/t/t6001-rev-list-graft.sh
@@ -10,15 +10,15 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	echo >subdir/fileB fileB &&
 	git add fileA subdir/fileB &&
 	git commit -a -m "Initial in one history." &&
-	A0=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD` &&
+	A0=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 
 	echo >fileA fileA modified &&
 	git commit -a -m "Second in one history." &&
-	A1=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD` &&
+	A1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 
 	echo >subdir/fileB fileB modified &&
 	git commit -a -m "Third in one history." &&
-	A2=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD` &&
+	A2=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 
 	rm -f .git/refs/heads/master .git/index &&
 
@@ -26,15 +26,15 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	echo >subdir/fileB fileB again &&
 	git add fileA subdir/fileB &&
 	git commit -a -m "Initial in alternate history." &&
-	B0=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD` &&
+	B0=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 
 	echo >fileA fileA modified in alternate history &&
 	git commit -a -m "Second in alternate history." &&
-	B1=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD` &&
+	B1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 
 	echo >subdir/fileB fileB modified in alternate history &&
 	git commit -a -m "Third in alternate history." &&
-	B2=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD` &&
+	B2=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	: done
 '
 
@@ -110,4 +110,13 @@ do
 	"
 
 done
+
+test_expect_success 'show advice that grafts are deprecated' '
+	git show HEAD 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "git replace" err &&
+	test_config advice.graftFileDeprecated false &&
+	git show HEAD 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "git replace" err
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6002-rev-list-bisect.sh b/t/t6002-rev-list-bisect.sh
index 43ad772484..a661408038 100755
--- a/t/t6002-rev-list-bisect.sh
+++ b/t/t6002-rev-list-bisect.sh
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ test_bisection_diff()
 	# Test if bisection size is close to half of list size within
 	# tolerance.
 	#
-	_bisect_err=`expr $_list_size - $_bisection_size \* 2`
-	test "$_bisect_err" -lt 0 && _bisect_err=`expr 0 - $_bisect_err`
-	_bisect_err=`expr $_bisect_err / 2` ; # floor
+	_bisect_err=$(expr $_list_size - $_bisection_size \* 2)
+	test "$_bisect_err" -lt 0 && _bisect_err=$(expr 0 - $_bisect_err)
+	_bisect_err=$(expr $_bisect_err / 2) ; # floor
 
 	test_expect_success \
 	"bisection diff $_bisect_option $_head $* <= $_max_diff" \
@@ -235,4 +235,32 @@ test_sequence "--bisect"
 
 #
 #
+
+test_expect_success 'set up fake --bisect refs' '
+	git update-ref refs/bisect/bad c3 &&
+	good=$(git rev-parse b1) &&
+	git update-ref refs/bisect/good-$good $good &&
+	good=$(git rev-parse c1) &&
+	git update-ref refs/bisect/good-$good $good
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list --bisect can default to good/bad refs' '
+	# the only thing between c3 and c1 is c2
+	git rev-parse c2 >expect &&
+	git rev-list --bisect >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse --bisect can default to good/bad refs' '
+	git rev-parse c3 ^b1 ^c1 >expect &&
+	git rev-parse --bisect >actual &&
+
+	# output order depends on the refnames, which in turn depends on
+	# the exact sha1s. We just want to make sure we have the same set
+	# of lines in any order.
+	sort <expect >expect.sorted &&
+	sort <actual >actual.sorted &&
+	test_cmp expect.sorted actual.sorted
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh b/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
index b77d4c97c1..ec42c2f779 100755
--- a/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
+++ b/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
@@ -59,10 +59,14 @@ test_format () {
 }
 
 # Feed to --format to provide predictable colored sequences.
+BASIC_COLOR='%Credfoo%Creset'
+COLOR='%C(red)foo%C(reset)'
 AUTO_COLOR='%C(auto,red)foo%C(auto,reset)'
+ALWAYS_COLOR='%C(always,red)foo%C(always,reset)'
 has_color () {
-	printf '\033[31mfoo\033[m\n' >expect &&
-	test_cmp expect "$1"
+	test_decode_color <"$1" >decoded &&
+	echo "<RED>foo<RESET>" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect decoded
 }
 
 has_no_color () {
@@ -170,57 +174,101 @@ $added
 
 EOF
 
-test_format colors %Credfoo%Cgreenbar%Cbluebaz%Cresetxyzzy <<EOF
-commit $head2
-foobarbazxyzzy
-commit $head1
-foobarbazxyzzy
-EOF
-
-test_format advanced-colors '%C(red yellow bold)foo%C(reset)' <<EOF
-commit $head2
-foo
-commit $head1
-foo
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success '%C(auto) does not enable color by default' '
-	git log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 >actual &&
-	has_no_color actual
+test_expect_success 'basic colors' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	commit $head2
+	<RED>foo<GREEN>bar<BLUE>baz<RESET>xyzzy
+	EOF
+	format="%Credfoo%Cgreenbar%Cbluebaz%Cresetxyzzy" &&
+	git rev-list --color --format="$format" -1 master >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success '%C(auto) enables colors for color.diff' '
-	git -c color.diff=always log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 >actual &&
-	has_color actual
+test_expect_success 'advanced colors' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	commit $head2
+	<BOLD;RED;BYELLOW>foo<RESET>
+	EOF
+	format="%C(red yellow bold)foo%C(reset)" &&
+	git rev-list --color --format="$format" -1 master >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success '%C(auto) enables colors for color.ui' '
-	git -c color.ui=always log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 >actual &&
+for spec in \
+	"%Cred:$BASIC_COLOR" \
+	"%C(...):$COLOR" \
+	"%C(auto,...):$AUTO_COLOR"
+do
+	desc=${spec%%:*}
+	color=${spec#*:}
+	test_expect_success "$desc does not enable color by default" '
+		git log --format=$color -1 >actual &&
+		has_no_color actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "$desc enables colors for color.diff" '
+		git -c color.diff=always log --format=$color -1 >actual &&
+		has_color actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "$desc enables colors for color.ui" '
+		git -c color.ui=always log --format=$color -1 >actual &&
+		has_color actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "$desc respects --color" '
+		git log --format=$color -1 --color >actual &&
+		has_color actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "$desc respects --no-color" '
+		git -c color.ui=always log --format=$color -1 --no-color >actual &&
+		has_no_color actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success TTY "$desc respects --color=auto (stdout is tty)" '
+		test_terminal git log --format=$color -1 --color=auto >actual &&
+		has_color actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "$desc respects --color=auto (stdout not tty)" '
+		(
+			TERM=vt100 && export TERM &&
+			git log --format=$color -1 --color=auto >actual &&
+			has_no_color actual
+		)
+	'
+done
+
+test_expect_success '%C(always,...) enables color even without tty' '
+	git log --format=$ALWAYS_COLOR -1 >actual &&
 	has_color actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success '%C(auto) respects --color' '
-	git log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 --color >actual &&
-	has_color actual
+	git log --color --format="%C(auto)%H" -1 >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	echo "<YELLOW>$(git rev-parse HEAD)<RESET>" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success '%C(auto) respects --no-color' '
-	git -c color.ui=always log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 --no-color >actual &&
-	has_no_color actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success TTY '%C(auto) respects --color=auto (stdout is tty)' '
-	test_terminal env TERM=vt100 \
-		git log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 --color=auto >actual &&
-	has_color actual
+	git log --no-color --format="%C(auto)%H" -1 >actual &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success '%C(auto) respects --color=auto (stdout not tty)' '
-	(
-		TERM=vt100 && export TERM &&
-		git log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 --color=auto >actual &&
-		has_no_color actual
-	)
+test_expect_success 'rev-list %C(auto,...) respects --color' '
+	git rev-list --color --format="%C(auto,green)foo%C(auto,reset)" \
+		-1 HEAD >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	commit $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+	<GREEN>foo<RESET>
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 iconv -f utf-8 -t $test_encoding > commit-msg <<EOF
@@ -399,8 +447,8 @@ test_expect_success '--abbrev' '
 	git log -1 --format="%h %h %h" HEAD >actual1 &&
 	git log -1 --abbrev=5 --format="%h %h %h" HEAD >actual2 &&
 	git log -1 --abbrev=5 --format="%H %H %H" HEAD >actual3 &&
-	sed -e "s/$_x40/LONG/g" -e "s/$_x05/SHORT/g" <actual2 >fuzzy2 &&
-	sed -e "s/$_x40/LONG/g" -e "s/$_x05/SHORT/g" <actual3 >fuzzy3 &&
+	sed -e "s/$OID_REGEX/LONG/g" -e "s/$_x05/SHORT/g" <actual2 >fuzzy2 &&
+	sed -e "s/$OID_REGEX/LONG/g" -e "s/$_x05/SHORT/g" <actual3 >fuzzy3 &&
 	test_cmp expect2 fuzzy2 &&
 	test_cmp expect3 fuzzy3 &&
 	! test_cmp actual1 actual2
diff --git a/t/t6007-rev-list-cherry-pick-file.sh b/t/t6007-rev-list-cherry-pick-file.sh
index 28d4f6b259..f0268372d2 100755
--- a/t/t6007-rev-list-cherry-pick-file.sh
+++ b/t/t6007-rev-list-cherry-pick-file.sh
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ test_expect_success '--left-right' '
 	git rev-list --left-right B...C > actual &&
 	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" \
 		< actual > actual.named &&
-	test_cmp actual.named expect
+	test_cmp expect actual.named
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--count' '
@@ -77,14 +77,14 @@ test_expect_success '--cherry-pick bar does not come up empty' '
 	git rev-list --left-right --cherry-pick B...C -- bar > actual &&
 	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" \
 		< actual > actual.named &&
-	test_cmp actual.named expect
+	test_cmp expect actual.named
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'bar does not come up empty' '
 	git rev-list --left-right B...C -- bar > actual &&
 	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" \
 		< actual > actual.named &&
-	test_cmp actual.named expect
+	test_cmp expect actual.named
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -96,7 +96,45 @@ test_expect_success '--cherry-pick bar does not come up empty (II)' '
 	git rev-list --left-right --cherry-pick F...E -- bar > actual &&
 	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" \
 		< actual > actual.named &&
-	test_cmp actual.named expect
+	test_cmp expect actual.named
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'name-rev multiple --refs combine inclusive' '
+	git rev-list --left-right --cherry-pick F...E -- bar >actual &&
+	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/F" --refs="*tags/E" \
+		<actual >actual.named &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.named
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+<tags/F
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'name-rev --refs excludes non-matched patterns' '
+	git rev-list --left-right --right-only --cherry-pick F...E -- bar >>expect &&
+	git rev-list --left-right --cherry-pick F...E -- bar >actual &&
+	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/F" \
+		<actual >actual.named &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.named
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+<tags/F
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'name-rev --exclude excludes matched patterns' '
+	git rev-list --left-right --right-only --cherry-pick F...E -- bar >>expect &&
+	git rev-list --left-right --cherry-pick F...E -- bar >actual &&
+	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" --exclude="*E" \
+		<actual >actual.named &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.named
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'name-rev --no-refs clears the refs list' '
+	git rev-list --left-right --cherry-pick F...E -- bar >expect &&
+	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/F" --refs="*tags/E" --no-refs --refs="*tags/G" \
+		<expect >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -110,7 +148,7 @@ test_expect_success '--cherry-mark' '
 	git rev-list --cherry-mark F...E -- bar > actual &&
 	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" \
 		< actual > actual.named &&
-	test_cmp actual.named expect
+	test_cmp expect actual.named
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -124,7 +162,7 @@ test_expect_success '--cherry-mark --left-right' '
 	git rev-list --cherry-mark --left-right F...E -- bar > actual &&
 	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" \
 		< actual > actual.named &&
-	test_cmp actual.named expect
+	test_cmp expect actual.named
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -135,14 +173,14 @@ test_expect_success '--cherry-pick --right-only' '
 	git rev-list --cherry-pick --right-only F...E -- bar > actual &&
 	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" \
 		< actual > actual.named &&
-	test_cmp actual.named expect
+	test_cmp expect actual.named
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--cherry-pick --left-only' '
 	git rev-list --cherry-pick --left-only E...F -- bar > actual &&
 	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" \
 		< actual > actual.named &&
-	test_cmp actual.named expect
+	test_cmp expect actual.named
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -154,7 +192,7 @@ test_expect_success '--cherry' '
 	git rev-list --cherry F...E -- bar > actual &&
 	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs="*tags/*" \
 		< actual > actual.named &&
-	test_cmp actual.named expect
+	test_cmp expect actual.named
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -163,7 +201,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success '--cherry --count' '
 	git rev-list --cherry --count F...E -- bar > actual &&
-	test_cmp actual expect
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -172,7 +210,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success '--cherry-mark --count' '
 	git rev-list --cherry-mark --count F...E -- bar > actual &&
-	test_cmp actual expect
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -181,7 +219,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success '--cherry-mark --left-right --count' '
 	git rev-list --cherry-mark --left-right --count F...E -- bar > actual &&
-	test_cmp actual expect
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--cherry-pick with independent, but identical branches' '
@@ -207,4 +245,25 @@ test_expect_success '--count --left-right' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+# Corrupt the object store deliberately to make sure
+# the object is not even checked for its existence.
+remove_loose_object () {
+	sha1="$(git rev-parse "$1")" &&
+	remainder=${sha1#??} &&
+	firsttwo=${sha1%$remainder} &&
+	rm .git/objects/$firsttwo/$remainder
+}
+
+test_expect_success '--cherry-pick avoids looking at full diffs' '
+	git checkout -b shy-diff &&
+	test_commit dont-look-at-me &&
+	echo Hello >dont-look-at-me.t &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m tip dont-look-at-me.t &&
+	git checkout -b mainline HEAD^ &&
+	test_commit to-cherry-pick &&
+	remove_loose_object shy-diff^:dont-look-at-me.t &&
+	git rev-list --cherry-pick ...shy-diff
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6009-rev-list-parent.sh b/t/t6009-rev-list-parent.sh
index 66cda17ef3..916d9692bc 100755
--- a/t/t6009-rev-list-parent.sh
+++ b/t/t6009-rev-list-parent.sh
@@ -31,8 +31,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 test_expect_success 'one is ancestor of others and should not be shown' '
 
 	git rev-list one --not four >result &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect result
+	test_must_be_empty result
 
 '
 
@@ -47,7 +46,9 @@ test_expect_success 'setup roots, merges and octopuses' '
 	git checkout -b yetanotherbranch four &&
 	test_commit eight &&
 	git checkout master &&
-	test_merge normalmerge newroot &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge --allow-unrelated-histories -m normalmerge newroot &&
+	git tag normalmerge &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git merge -m tripus sidebranch anotherbranch &&
 	git tag tripus &&
@@ -142,8 +143,7 @@ test_expect_success 'ancestors with the same commit time' '
 		test_commit t$i
 	done &&
 	git rev-list t1^! --not t$i >result &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect result
+	test_must_be_empty result
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6010-merge-base.sh b/t/t6010-merge-base.sh
index 39b3238da2..44c726ea39 100755
--- a/t/t6010-merge-base.sh
+++ b/t/t6010-merge-base.sh
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ doit () {
 
 	commit=$(echo $NAME | git commit-tree $T $PARENTS) &&
 
-	echo $commit >.git/refs/tags/$NAME &&
+	git update-ref "refs/tags/$NAME" "$commit" &&
 	echo $commit
 }
 
@@ -215,11 +215,13 @@ test_expect_success 'criss-cross merge-base for octopus-step' '
 	git reset --hard E &&
 	test_commit CC2 &&
 	test_tick &&
-	git merge -s ours CC1 &&
+	# E is a root commit unrelated to MMR root on which CC1 is based
+	git merge -s ours --allow-unrelated-histories CC1 &&
 	test_commit CC-o &&
 	test_commit CCB &&
 	git reset --hard CC1 &&
-	git merge -s ours CC2 &&
+	# E is a root commit unrelated to MMR root on which CC1 is based
+	git merge -s ours --allow-unrelated-histories CC2 &&
 	test_commit CCA &&
 
 	git rev-parse CC1 CC2 >expected &&
@@ -243,7 +245,7 @@ test_expect_success 'using reflog to find the fork point' '
 			git commit --allow-empty -m "Derived #$count" &&
 			git rev-parse HEAD >derived$count &&
 			git checkout -B base $E || exit 1
-		done
+		done &&
 
 		for count in 1 2 3
 		do
@@ -258,6 +260,12 @@ test_expect_success 'using reflog to find the fork point' '
 	test_cmp expect3 actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--fork-point works with empty reflog' '
+	git -c core.logallrefupdates=false branch no-reflog base &&
+	git merge-base --fork-point no-reflog derived &&
+	test_cmp expect3 actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'merge-base --octopus --all for complex tree' '
 	# Best common ancestor for JE, JAA and JDD is JC
 	#             JE
diff --git a/t/t6012-rev-list-simplify.sh b/t/t6012-rev-list-simplify.sh
index b89cd6b07a..b5a1190ffe 100755
--- a/t/t6012-rev-list-simplify.sh
+++ b/t/t6012-rev-list-simplify.sh
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ note () {
 }
 
 unnote () {
-	git name-rev --tags --stdin | sed -e "s|$_x40 (tags/\([^)]*\)) |\1 |g"
+	git name-rev --tags --stdin | sed -e "s|$OID_REGEX (tags/\([^)]*\)) |\1 |g"
 }
 
 test_expect_success setup '
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	note J &&
 
 	git checkout master &&
-	test_tick && git merge -m "Coolest" unrelated &&
+	test_tick && git merge --allow-unrelated-histories -m "Coolest" unrelated &&
 	note K &&
 
 	echo "Immaterial" >elif &&
diff --git a/t/t6013-rev-list-reverse-parents.sh b/t/t6013-rev-list-reverse-parents.sh
index 59fc2f06e0..89458d370f 100755
--- a/t/t6013-rev-list-reverse-parents.sh
+++ b/t/t6013-rev-list-reverse-parents.sh
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ test_expect_success '--reverse --parents --full-history combines correctly' '
 		perl -e "print reverse <>" > expected &&
 	git rev-list --reverse --parents --full-history master -- foo \
 		> actual &&
-	test_cmp actual expected
+	test_cmp expected actual
 	'
 
 test_expect_success '--boundary does too' '
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ test_expect_success '--boundary does too' '
 		perl -e "print reverse <>" > expected &&
 	git rev-list --boundary --reverse --parents --full-history \
 		master ^root -- foo > actual &&
-	test_cmp actual expected
+	test_cmp expected actual
 	'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6014-rev-list-all.sh b/t/t6014-rev-list-all.sh
index 991ab4a65b..c9bedd29cb 100755
--- a/t/t6014-rev-list-all.sh
+++ b/t/t6014-rev-list-all.sh
@@ -35,4 +35,8 @@ test_expect_success 'repack does not lose detached HEAD' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rev-list --graph --no-walk is forbidden' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-list --graph --no-walk HEAD
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6015-rev-list-show-all-parents.sh b/t/t6015-rev-list-show-all-parents.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 8b146fb432..0000000000
--- a/t/t6015-rev-list-show-all-parents.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-test_description='--show-all --parents does not rewrite TREESAME commits'
-
-. ./test-lib.sh
-
-test_expect_success 'set up --show-all --parents test' '
-	test_commit one foo.txt &&
-	commit1=`git rev-list -1 HEAD` &&
-	test_commit two bar.txt &&
-	commit2=`git rev-list -1 HEAD` &&
-	test_commit three foo.txt &&
-	commit3=`git rev-list -1 HEAD`
-	'
-
-test_expect_success '--parents rewrites TREESAME parents correctly' '
-	echo $commit3 $commit1 > expected &&
-	echo $commit1 >> expected &&
-	git rev-list --parents HEAD -- foo.txt > actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-	'
-
-test_expect_success '--parents --show-all does not rewrites TREESAME parents' '
-	echo $commit3 $commit2 > expected &&
-	echo $commit2 $commit1 >> expected &&
-	echo $commit1 >> expected &&
-	git rev-list --parents --show-all HEAD -- foo.txt > actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-	'
-
-test_done
diff --git a/t/t6018-rev-list-glob.sh b/t/t6018-rev-list-glob.sh
index d00f7db868..02936c2f24 100755
--- a/t/t6018-rev-list-glob.sh
+++ b/t/t6018-rev-list-glob.sh
@@ -255,36 +255,30 @@ test_expect_success 'rev-list accumulates multiple --exclude' '
 	compare rev-list "--exclude=refs/remotes/* --exclude=refs/tags/* --all" --branches
 '
 
-
-# "git rev-list<ENTER>" is likely to be a bug in the calling script and may
-# deserve an error message, but do cases where set of refs programatically
-# given using globbing and/or --stdin need to fail with the same error, or
-# are we better off reporting a success with no output?  The following few
-# tests document the current behaviour to remind us that we might want to
-# think about this issue.
-
-test_expect_failure 'rev-list may want to succeed with empty output on no input (1)' '
-	>expect &&
+test_expect_failure 'rev-list should succeed with empty output on empty stdin' '
 	git rev-list --stdin <expect >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'rev-list may want to succeed with empty output on no input (2)' '
-	>expect &&
+test_expect_success 'rev-list should succeed with empty output with all refs excluded' '
 	git rev-list --exclude=* --all >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'rev-list may want to succeed with empty output on no input (3)' '
+test_expect_success 'rev-list should succeed with empty output with empty --all' '
 	(
 		test_create_repo empty &&
 		cd empty &&
-		>expect &&
 		git rev-list --all >actual &&
-		test_cmp expect actual
+		test_must_be_empty actual
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rev-list should succeed with empty output with empty glob' '
+	git rev-list --glob=does-not-match-anything >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'shortlog accepts --glob/--tags/--remotes' '
 
 	compare shortlog "subspace/one subspace/two" --branches=subspace &&
diff --git a/t/t6019-rev-list-ancestry-path.sh b/t/t6019-rev-list-ancestry-path.sh
index dabebaee0b..beadaf6cca 100755
--- a/t/t6019-rev-list-ancestry-path.sh
+++ b/t/t6019-rev-list-ancestry-path.sh
@@ -95,10 +95,9 @@ test_expect_success 'rev-list --ancestry-path F...I' '
 
 # G.t is dropped in an "-s ours" merge
 test_expect_success 'rev-list G..M -- G.t' '
-	>expect &&
 	git rev-list --format=%s G..M -- G.t |
 	sed -e "/^commit /d" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rev-list --ancestry-path G..M -- G.t' '
diff --git a/t/t6020-merge-df.sh b/t/t6020-merge-df.sh
index 27c3d73961..46b506b3b7 100755
--- a/t/t6020-merge-df.sh
+++ b/t/t6020-merge-df.sh
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ test_expect_success 'prepare repository' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'Merge with d/f conflicts' '
-	test_expect_code 1 git merge "merge msg" B master
+	test_expect_code 1 git merge -m "merge msg" master
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'F/D conflict' '
@@ -89,9 +89,6 @@ test_expect_success 'modify/delete + directory/file conflict' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'modify/delete + directory/file conflict; other way' '
-	# Yes, we really need the double reset since "letters" appears as
-	# both a file and a directory.
-	git reset --hard &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git clean -f &&
 	git checkout modify^0 &&
diff --git a/t/t6021-merge-criss-cross.sh b/t/t6021-merge-criss-cross.sh
index d15b313d4b..213deecab1 100755
--- a/t/t6021-merge-criss-cross.sh
+++ b/t/t6021-merge-criss-cross.sh
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ echo "1
 " > file &&
 git commit -m "C3" file &&
 git branch C3 &&
-git merge "pre E3 merge" B A &&
+git merge -m "pre E3 merge" A &&
 echo "1
 2
 3 changed in E3, branch B. New file size
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ echo "1
 " > file &&
 git commit -m "E3" file &&
 git checkout A &&
-git merge "pre D8 merge" A C3 &&
+git merge -m "pre D8 merge" C3 &&
 echo "1
 2
 3 changed in C3, branch B
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ echo "1
 9" > file &&
 git commit -m D8 file'
 
-test_expect_success 'Criss-cross merge' 'git merge "final merge" A B'
+test_expect_success 'Criss-cross merge' 'git merge -m "final merge" B'
 
 cat > file-expect <<EOF
 1
diff --git a/t/t6022-merge-rename.sh b/t/t6022-merge-rename.sh
index 05ebba7afa..53cc9b2ffb 100755
--- a/t/t6022-merge-rename.sh
+++ b/t/t6022-merge-rename.sh
@@ -242,10 +242,12 @@ test_expect_success 'merge of identical changes in a renamed file' '
 	rm -f A M N &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git checkout change+rename &&
-	GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge change | test_i18ngrep "^Skipped B" &&
+	GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge change >out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "^Skipped B" out &&
 	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
 	git checkout change &&
-	GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge change+rename | test_i18ngrep "^Skipped B"
+	GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge change+rename >out &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "^Skipped B" out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup for rename + d/f conflicts' '
@@ -633,10 +635,9 @@ test_expect_success 'setup avoid unnecessary update, normal rename' '
 
 test_expect_success 'avoid unnecessary update, normal rename' '
 	git checkout -q avoid-unnecessary-update-1^0 &&
-	test-chmtime =1000000000 rename &&
-	test-chmtime -v +0 rename >expect &&
+	test-tool chmtime --get =1000000000 rename >expect &&
 	git merge merge-branch-1 &&
-	test-chmtime -v +0 rename >actual &&
+	test-tool chmtime --get rename >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual # "rename" should have stayed intact
 '
 
@@ -666,10 +667,9 @@ test_expect_success 'setup to test avoiding unnecessary update, with D/F conflic
 
 test_expect_success 'avoid unnecessary update, with D/F conflict' '
 	git checkout -q avoid-unnecessary-update-2^0 &&
-	test-chmtime =1000000000 df &&
-	test-chmtime -v +0 df >expect &&
+	test-tool chmtime --get =1000000000 df >expect &&
 	git merge merge-branch-2 &&
-	test-chmtime -v +0 df >actual &&
+	test-tool chmtime --get df >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual # "df" should have stayed intact
 '
 
@@ -698,10 +698,9 @@ test_expect_success 'setup avoid unnecessary update, dir->(file,nothing)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'avoid unnecessary update, dir->(file,nothing)' '
 	git checkout -q master^0 &&
-	test-chmtime =1000000000 df &&
-	test-chmtime -v +0 df >expect &&
+	test-tool chmtime --get =1000000000 df >expect &&
 	git merge side &&
-	test-chmtime -v +0 df >actual &&
+	test-tool chmtime --get df >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual # "df" should have stayed intact
 '
 
@@ -728,10 +727,9 @@ test_expect_success 'setup avoid unnecessary update, modify/delete' '
 
 test_expect_success 'avoid unnecessary update, modify/delete' '
 	git checkout -q master^0 &&
-	test-chmtime =1000000000 file &&
-	test-chmtime -v +0 file >expect &&
+	test-tool chmtime --get =1000000000 file >expect &&
 	test_must_fail git merge side &&
-	test-chmtime -v +0 file >actual &&
+	test-tool chmtime --get file >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual # "file" should have stayed intact
 '
 
@@ -757,10 +755,9 @@ test_expect_success 'setup avoid unnecessary update, rename/add-dest' '
 
 test_expect_success 'avoid unnecessary update, rename/add-dest' '
 	git checkout -q master^0 &&
-	test-chmtime =1000000000 newfile &&
-	test-chmtime -v +0 newfile >expect &&
+	test-tool chmtime --get =1000000000 newfile >expect &&
 	git merge side &&
-	test-chmtime -v +0 newfile >actual &&
+	test-tool chmtime --get newfile >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual # "file" should have stayed intact
 '
 
@@ -896,8 +893,7 @@ test_expect_success 'do not follow renames for empty files' '
 	git mv empty1 empty2 &&
 	git commit -m rename &&
 	test_must_fail git merge empty-base &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect empty2
+	test_must_be_empty empty2
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6023-merge-file.sh b/t/t6023-merge-file.sh
index 190ee903cf..20aee43f95 100755
--- a/t/t6023-merge-file.sh
+++ b/t/t6023-merge-file.sh
@@ -346,4 +346,17 @@ test_expect_success 'conflict at EOF without LF resolved by --union' \
 	 printf "line1\nline2\nline3x\nline3y" >expect.txt &&
 	 test_cmp expect.txt output.txt'
 
+test_expect_success 'conflict sections match existing line endings' '
+	printf "1\\r\\n2\\r\\n3" >crlf-orig.txt &&
+	printf "1\\r\\n2\\r\\n4" >crlf-diff1.txt &&
+	printf "1\\r\\n2\\r\\n5" >crlf-diff2.txt &&
+	test_must_fail git -c core.eol=crlf merge-file -p \
+		crlf-diff1.txt crlf-orig.txt crlf-diff2.txt >crlf.txt &&
+	test $(tr "\015" Q <crlf.txt | grep "^[<=>].*Q$" | wc -l) = 3 &&
+	test $(tr "\015" Q <crlf.txt | grep "[345]Q$" | wc -l) = 3 &&
+	test_must_fail git -c core.eol=crlf merge-file -p \
+		nolf-diff1.txt nolf-orig.txt nolf-diff2.txt >nolf.txt &&
+	test $(tr "\015" Q <nolf.txt | grep "^[<=>].*Q$" | wc -l) = 0
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6024-recursive-merge.sh b/t/t6024-recursive-merge.sh
index 755d30ce2a..3f59e58dfb 100755
--- a/t/t6024-recursive-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t6024-recursive-merge.sh
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ test_expect_success "result contains a conflict" "test_cmp expect a1"
 
 git ls-files --stage > out
 cat > expect << EOF
-100644 439cc46de773d8a83c77799b7cc9191c128bfcff 1	a1
+100644 ec3fe2a791706733f2d8fa7ad45d9a9672031f5e 1	a1
 100644 cf84443e49e1b366fac938711ddf4be2d4d1d9e9 2	a1
 100644 fd7923529855d0b274795ae3349c5e0438333979 3	a1
 EOF
diff --git a/t/t6026-merge-attr.sh b/t/t6026-merge-attr.sh
index 5e439972be..8f9b48a493 100755
--- a/t/t6026-merge-attr.sh
+++ b/t/t6026-merge-attr.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 	for f in text binary union
 	do
-		echo Initial >$f && git add $f || break
+		echo Initial >$f && git add $f || return 1
 	done &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m Initial &&
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git branch side &&
 	for f in text binary union
 	do
-		echo Master >>$f && git add $f || break
+		echo Master >>$f && git add $f || return 1
 	done &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m Master &&
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git checkout side &&
 	for f in text binary union
 	do
-		echo Side >>$f && git add $f || break
+		echo Side >>$f && git add $f || return 1
 	done &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m Side &&
@@ -85,11 +85,12 @@ test_expect_success 'retry the merge with longer context' '
 cat >./custom-merge <<\EOF
 #!/bin/sh
 
-orig="$1" ours="$2" theirs="$3" exit="$4"
+orig="$1" ours="$2" theirs="$3" exit="$4" path=$5
 (
 	echo "orig is $orig"
 	echo "ours is $ours"
 	echo "theirs is $theirs"
+	echo "path is $path"
 	echo "=== orig ==="
 	cat "$orig"
 	echo "=== ours ==="
@@ -110,7 +111,7 @@ test_expect_success 'custom merge backend' '
 
 	git reset --hard anchor &&
 	git config --replace-all \
-	merge.custom.driver "./custom-merge %O %A %B 0" &&
+	merge.custom.driver "./custom-merge %O %A %B 0 %P" &&
 	git config --replace-all \
 	merge.custom.name "custom merge driver for testing" &&
 
@@ -121,7 +122,7 @@ test_expect_success 'custom merge backend' '
 	o=$(git unpack-file master^:text) &&
 	a=$(git unpack-file side^:text) &&
 	b=$(git unpack-file master:text) &&
-	sh -c "./custom-merge $o $a $b 0" &&
+	sh -c "./custom-merge $o $a $b 0 'text'" &&
 	sed -e 1,3d $a >check-2 &&
 	cmp check-1 check-2 &&
 	rm -f $o $a $b
@@ -131,7 +132,7 @@ test_expect_success 'custom merge backend' '
 
 	git reset --hard anchor &&
 	git config --replace-all \
-	merge.custom.driver "./custom-merge %O %A %B 1" &&
+	merge.custom.driver "./custom-merge %O %A %B 1 %P" &&
 	git config --replace-all \
 	merge.custom.name "custom merge driver for testing" &&
 
@@ -148,9 +149,12 @@ test_expect_success 'custom merge backend' '
 	o=$(git unpack-file master^:text) &&
 	a=$(git unpack-file anchor:text) &&
 	b=$(git unpack-file master:text) &&
-	sh -c "./custom-merge $o $a $b 0" &&
+	sh -c "./custom-merge $o $a $b 0 'text'" &&
 	sed -e 1,3d $a >check-2 &&
 	cmp check-1 check-2 &&
+	sed -e 1,3d -e 4q $a >check-3 &&
+	echo "path is text" >expect &&
+	cmp expect check-3 &&
 	rm -f $o $a $b
 '
 
@@ -172,8 +176,32 @@ test_expect_success 'up-to-date merge without common ancestor' '
 	test_tick &&
 	(
 		cd repo1 &&
-		git pull ../repo2 master
+		git fetch ../repo2 master &&
+		git merge --allow-unrelated-histories FETCH_HEAD
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'custom merge does not lock index' '
+	git reset --hard anchor &&
+	write_script sleep-an-hour.sh <<-\EOF &&
+		sleep 3600 &
+		echo $! >sleep.pid
+	EOF
+
+	test_write_lines >.gitattributes \
+		"* merge=ours" "text merge=sleep-an-hour" &&
+	test_config merge.ours.driver true &&
+	test_config merge.sleep-an-hour.driver ./sleep-an-hour.sh &&
+
+	# We are testing that the custom merge driver does not block
+	# index.lock on Windows due to an inherited file handle.
+	# To ensure that the backgrounded process ran sufficiently
+	# long (and has been started in the first place), we do not
+	# ignore the result of the kill command.
+	# By packaging the command in test_when_finished, we get both
+	# the correctness check and the clean-up.
+	test_when_finished "kill \$(cat sleep.pid)" &&
+	git merge master
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6029-merge-subtree.sh b/t/t6029-merge-subtree.sh
index 73fc240e85..793f0c8bf3 100755
--- a/t/t6029-merge-subtree.sh
+++ b/t/t6029-merge-subtree.sh
@@ -29,6 +29,34 @@ test_expect_success 'subtree available and works like recursive' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'setup branch sub' '
+	git checkout --orphan sub &&
+	git rm -rf . &&
+	test_commit foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup branch main' '
+	git checkout -b main master &&
+	git merge -s ours --no-commit --allow-unrelated-histories sub &&
+	git read-tree --prefix=dir/ -u sub &&
+	git commit -m "initial merge of sub into main" &&
+	test_path_is_file dir/foo.t &&
+	test_path_is_file hello
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update branch sub' '
+	git checkout sub &&
+	test_commit bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update branch main' '
+	git checkout main &&
+	git merge -s subtree sub -m "second merge of sub into main" &&
+	test_path_is_file dir/bar.t &&
+	test_path_is_file dir/foo.t &&
+	test_path_is_file hello
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	mkdir git-gui &&
 	cd git-gui &&
@@ -49,13 +77,13 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 
 test_expect_success 'initial merge' '
 	git remote add -f gui ../git-gui &&
-	git merge -s ours --no-commit gui/master &&
+	git merge -s ours --no-commit --allow-unrelated-histories gui/master &&
 	git read-tree --prefix=git-gui/ -u gui/master &&
 	git commit -m "Merge git-gui as our subdirectory" &&
 	git checkout -b work &&
 	git ls-files -s >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	git-gui/git-gui.sh"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	git-gui/git-gui.sh" &&
 		echo "100644 $o2 0	git.c"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -72,7 +100,7 @@ test_expect_success 'merge update' '
 	git pull -s subtree gui master2 &&
 	git ls-files -s >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $o3 0	git-gui/git-gui.sh"
+		echo "100644 $o3 0	git-gui/git-gui.sh" &&
 		echo "100644 $o2 0	git.c"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -88,8 +116,8 @@ test_expect_success 'initial ambiguous subtree' '
 	git checkout -b work2 &&
 	git ls-files -s >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	git-gui/git-gui.sh"
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	git-gui2/git-gui.sh"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	git-gui/git-gui.sh" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	git-gui2/git-gui.sh" &&
 		echo "100644 $o2 0	git.c"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -101,8 +129,8 @@ test_expect_success 'merge using explicit' '
 	git pull -Xsubtree=git-gui gui master2 &&
 	git ls-files -s >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $o3 0	git-gui/git-gui.sh"
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	git-gui2/git-gui.sh"
+		echo "100644 $o3 0	git-gui/git-gui.sh" &&
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	git-gui2/git-gui.sh" &&
 		echo "100644 $o2 0	git.c"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -114,8 +142,8 @@ test_expect_success 'merge2 using explicit' '
 	git pull -Xsubtree=git-gui2 gui master2 &&
 	git ls-files -s >actual &&
 	(
-		echo "100644 $o1 0	git-gui/git-gui.sh"
-		echo "100644 $o3 0	git-gui2/git-gui.sh"
+		echo "100644 $o1 0	git-gui/git-gui.sh" &&
+		echo "100644 $o3 0	git-gui2/git-gui.sh" &&
 		echo "100644 $o2 0	git.c"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
diff --git a/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh b/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
index 06b4868109..f84ff941c3 100755
--- a/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
+++ b/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ test_expect_success 'bisect starting with a detached HEAD' '
 test_expect_success 'bisect errors out if bad and good are mistaken' '
 	git bisect reset &&
 	test_must_fail git bisect start $HASH2 $HASH4 2> rev_list_error &&
-	grep "mistake good and bad" rev_list_error &&
+	test_i18ngrep "mistook good and bad" rev_list_error &&
 	git bisect reset
 '
 
@@ -404,16 +404,16 @@ test_expect_success 'side branch creation' '
 
 test_expect_success 'good merge base when good and bad are siblings' '
 	git bisect start "$HASH7" "$SIDE_HASH7" > my_bisect_log.txt &&
-	grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	test_i18ngrep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	grep $HASH4 my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	git bisect good > my_bisect_log.txt &&
-	test_must_fail grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	! grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	grep $HASH6 my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	git bisect reset
 '
 test_expect_success 'skipped merge base when good and bad are siblings' '
 	git bisect start "$SIDE_HASH7" "$HASH7" > my_bisect_log.txt &&
-	grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	test_i18ngrep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	grep $HASH4 my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	git bisect skip > my_bisect_log.txt 2>&1 &&
 	grep "warning" my_bisect_log.txt &&
@@ -423,11 +423,11 @@ test_expect_success 'skipped merge base when good and bad are siblings' '
 
 test_expect_success 'bad merge base when good and bad are siblings' '
 	git bisect start "$HASH7" HEAD > my_bisect_log.txt &&
-	grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	test_i18ngrep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	grep $HASH4 my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	test_must_fail git bisect bad > my_bisect_log.txt 2>&1 &&
-	grep "merge base $HASH4 is bad" my_bisect_log.txt &&
-	grep "fixed between $HASH4 and \[$SIDE_HASH7\]" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	test_i18ngrep "merge base $HASH4 is bad" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	test_i18ngrep "fixed between $HASH4 and \[$SIDE_HASH7\]" my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	git bisect reset
 '
 
@@ -460,9 +460,9 @@ test_expect_success 'many merge bases creation' '
 
 test_expect_success 'good merge bases when good and bad are siblings' '
 	git bisect start "$B_HASH" "$A_HASH" > my_bisect_log.txt &&
-	grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	test_i18ngrep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	git bisect good > my_bisect_log2.txt &&
-	grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log2.txt &&
+	test_i18ngrep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log2.txt &&
 	{
 		{
 			grep "$SIDE_HASH5" my_bisect_log.txt &&
@@ -477,14 +477,14 @@ test_expect_success 'good merge bases when good and bad are siblings' '
 
 test_expect_success 'optimized merge base checks' '
 	git bisect start "$HASH7" "$SIDE_HASH7" > my_bisect_log.txt &&
-	grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	test_i18ngrep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	grep "$HASH4" my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	git bisect good > my_bisect_log2.txt &&
 	test -f ".git/BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK" &&
 	test "$HASH6" = $(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	git bisect bad > my_bisect_log3.txt &&
 	git bisect good "$A_HASH" > my_bisect_log4.txt &&
-	grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log4.txt &&
+	test_i18ngrep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log4.txt &&
 	test_must_fail test -f ".git/BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK"
 '
 
@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ test_expect_success 'skipping away from skipped commit' '
 
 test_expect_success 'erroring out when using bad path parameters' '
 	test_must_fail git bisect start $PARA_HASH7 $HASH1 -- foobar 2> error.txt &&
-	grep "bad path parameters" error.txt
+	test_i18ngrep "bad path parameters" error.txt
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'test bisection on bare repo - --no-checkout specified' '
@@ -721,7 +721,7 @@ git bisect good 3de952f2416b6084f557ec417709eac740c6818c
 # first bad commit: [32a594a3fdac2d57cf6d02987e30eec68511498c] Add <4: Ciao for now> into <hello>.
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'bisect log: successfull result' '
+test_expect_success 'bisect log: successful result' '
 	git bisect reset &&
 	git bisect start $HASH4 $HASH2 &&
 	git bisect good &&
@@ -759,4 +759,156 @@ test_expect_success '"git bisect bad HEAD" behaves as "git bisect bad"' '
 	git bisect reset
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'bisect starts with only one new' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start &&
+	git bisect new $HASH4 &&
+	git bisect next
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect does not start with only one old' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start &&
+	git bisect old $HASH1 &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect next
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect start with one new and old' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start &&
+	git bisect old $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect new $HASH4 &&
+	git bisect new &&
+	git bisect new >bisect_result &&
+	grep "$HASH2 is the first new commit" bisect_result &&
+	git bisect log >log_to_replay.txt &&
+	git bisect reset
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect replay with old and new' '
+	git bisect replay log_to_replay.txt >bisect_result &&
+	grep "$HASH2 is the first new commit" bisect_result &&
+	git bisect reset
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect cannot mix old/new and good/bad' '
+	git bisect start &&
+	git bisect bad $HASH4 &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect old $HASH1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect terms needs 0 or 1 argument' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect terms only-one &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect terms 1 2 &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect terms 2>actual &&
+	echo "no terms defined" >expected &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect terms shows good/bad after start' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start HEAD $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect terms --term-good >actual &&
+	echo good >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	git bisect terms --term-bad >actual &&
+	echo bad >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect start with one term1 and term2' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start --term-old term2 --term-new term1 &&
+	git bisect term2 $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect term1 $HASH4 &&
+	git bisect term1 &&
+	git bisect term1 >bisect_result &&
+	grep "$HASH2 is the first term1 commit" bisect_result &&
+	git bisect log >log_to_replay.txt &&
+	git bisect reset
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect replay with term1 and term2' '
+	git bisect replay log_to_replay.txt >bisect_result &&
+	grep "$HASH2 is the first term1 commit" bisect_result &&
+	git bisect reset
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect start term1 term2' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start --term-new term1 --term-old term2 $HASH4 $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect term1 &&
+	git bisect term1 >bisect_result &&
+	grep "$HASH2 is the first term1 commit" bisect_result &&
+	git bisect log >log_to_replay.txt &&
+	git bisect reset
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect cannot mix terms' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start --term-good term1 --term-bad term2 $HASH4 $HASH1 &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect a &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect b &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect bad &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect good &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect new &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect old
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect terms rejects invalid terms' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect start --term-good invalid..term &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect terms --term-bad invalid..term &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect terms --term-good bad &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect terms --term-good old &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect terms --term-good skip &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect terms --term-good reset &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/BISECT_TERMS
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect start --term-* does store terms' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start --term-bad=one --term-good=two &&
+	git bisect terms >actual &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expected &&
+	Your current terms are two for the old state
+	and one for the new state.
+	EOF
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual &&
+	git bisect terms --term-bad >actual &&
+	echo one >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	git bisect terms --term-good >actual &&
+	echo two >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect start takes options and revs in any order' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start --term-good one $HASH4 \
+		--term-good two --term-bad bad-term \
+		$HASH1 --term-good three -- &&
+	(git bisect terms --term-bad && git bisect terms --term-good) >actual &&
+	printf "%s\n%s\n" bad-term three >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git bisect reset cleans bisection state properly' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start &&
+	git bisect good $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect bad $HASH4 &&
+	git bisect reset &&
+	test -z "$(git for-each-ref "refs/bisect/*")" &&
+	test_path_is_missing "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_EXPECTED_REV" &&
+	test_path_is_missing "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK" &&
+	test_path_is_missing "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG" &&
+	test_path_is_missing "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN" &&
+	test_path_is_missing "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_TERMS" &&
+	test_path_is_missing "$GIT_DIR/head-name" &&
+	test_path_is_missing "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_HEAD" &&
+	test_path_is_missing "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6031-merge-filemode.sh b/t/t6031-merge-filemode.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7d06461f13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6031-merge-filemode.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='merge: handle file mode'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'set up mode change in one branch' '
+	: >file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git checkout -b a1 master &&
+	: >dummy &&
+	git add dummy &&
+	git commit -m a &&
+	git checkout -b b1 master &&
+	test_chmod +x file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	git commit -m b1
+'
+
+do_one_mode () {
+	strategy=$1
+	us=$2
+	them=$3
+	test_expect_success "resolve single mode change ($strategy, $us)" '
+		git checkout -f $us &&
+		git merge -s $strategy $them &&
+		git ls-files -s file1 | grep ^100755
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success FILEMODE "verify executable bit on file ($strategy, $us)" '
+		test -x file1
+	'
+}
+
+do_one_mode recursive a1 b1
+do_one_mode recursive b1 a1
+do_one_mode resolve a1 b1
+do_one_mode resolve b1 a1
+
+test_expect_success 'set up mode change in both branches' '
+	git reset --hard HEAD &&
+	git checkout -b a2 master &&
+	: >file2 &&
+	H=$(git hash-object file2) &&
+	test_chmod +x file2 &&
+	git commit -m a2 &&
+	git checkout -b b2 master &&
+	: >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit -m b2 &&
+	{
+		echo "100755 $H 2	file2"
+		echo "100644 $H 3	file2"
+	} >expect
+'
+
+do_both_modes () {
+	strategy=$1
+	test_expect_success "detect conflict on double mode change ($strategy)" '
+		git reset --hard &&
+		git checkout -f a2 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge -s $strategy b2 &&
+		git ls-files -u >actual &&
+		test_cmp actual expect &&
+		git ls-files -s file2 | grep ^100755
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success FILEMODE "verify executable bit on file ($strategy)" '
+		test -x file2
+	'
+}
+
+# both sides are equivalent, so no need to run both ways
+do_both_modes recursive
+do_both_modes resolve
+
+test_expect_success 'set up delete/modechange scenario' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -b deletion master &&
+	git rm file1 &&
+	git commit -m deletion
+'
+
+do_delete_modechange () {
+	strategy=$1
+	us=$2
+	them=$3
+	test_expect_success "detect delete/modechange conflict ($strategy, $us)" '
+		git reset --hard &&
+		git checkout $us &&
+		test_must_fail git merge -s $strategy $them
+	'
+}
+
+do_delete_modechange recursive b1 deletion
+do_delete_modechange recursive deletion b1
+do_delete_modechange resolve b1 deletion
+do_delete_modechange resolve deletion b1
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6031-merge-recursive.sh b/t/t6031-merge-recursive.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 6464a16a19..0000000000
--- a/t/t6031-merge-recursive.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,87 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-test_description='merge-recursive: handle file mode'
-. ./test-lib.sh
-
-test_expect_success 'mode change in one branch: keep changed version' '
-	: >file1 &&
-	git add file1 &&
-	git commit -m initial &&
-	git checkout -b a1 master &&
-	: >dummy &&
-	git add dummy &&
-	git commit -m a &&
-	git checkout -b b1 master &&
-	test_chmod +x file1 &&
-	git add file1 &&
-	git commit -m b1 &&
-	git checkout a1 &&
-	git merge-recursive master -- a1 b1 &&
-	git ls-files -s file1 | grep ^100755
-'
-
-test_expect_success FILEMODE 'verify executable bit on file' '
-	test -x file1
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'mode change in both branches: expect conflict' '
-	git reset --hard HEAD &&
-	git checkout -b a2 master &&
-	: >file2 &&
-	H=$(git hash-object file2) &&
-	test_chmod +x file2 &&
-	git commit -m a2 &&
-	git checkout -b b2 master &&
-	: >file2 &&
-	git add file2 &&
-	git commit -m b2 &&
-	git checkout a2 &&
-	(
-		git merge-recursive master -- a2 b2
-		test $? = 1
-	) &&
-	git ls-files -u >actual &&
-	(
-		echo "100755 $H 2	file2"
-		echo "100644 $H 3	file2"
-	) >expect &&
-	test_cmp actual expect &&
-	git ls-files -s file2 | grep ^100755
-'
-
-test_expect_success FILEMODE 'verify executable bit on file' '
-	test -x file2
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'merging with triple rename across D/F conflict' '
-	git reset --hard HEAD &&
-	git checkout -b main &&
-	git rm -rf . &&
-
-	echo "just a file" >sub1 &&
-	mkdir -p sub2 &&
-	echo content1 >sub2/file1 &&
-	echo content2 >sub2/file2 &&
-	echo content3 >sub2/file3 &&
-	mkdir simple &&
-	echo base >simple/bar &&
-	git add -A &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m base &&
-
-	git checkout -b other &&
-	echo more >>simple/bar &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -a -m changesimplefile &&
-
-	git checkout main &&
-	git rm sub1 &&
-	git mv sub2 sub1 &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m changefiletodir &&
-
-	test_tick &&
-	git merge other
-'
-
-test_done
diff --git a/t/t6032-merge-large-rename.sh b/t/t6032-merge-large-rename.sh
index 0f79268917..80777386dc 100755
--- a/t/t6032-merge-large-rename.sh
+++ b/t/t6032-merge-large-rename.sh
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup (initial)' '
 
 make_text() {
 	echo $1: $2
-	for i in `count 20`; do
+	for i in $(count 20); do
 		echo $1: $i
 	done
 	echo $1: $3
diff --git a/t/t6036-recursive-corner-cases.sh b/t/t6036-recursive-corner-cases.sh
index 9d6621c056..59e52c5a09 100755
--- a/t/t6036-recursive-corner-cases.sh
+++ b/t/t6036-recursive-corner-cases.sh
@@ -4,12 +4,6 @@ test_description='recursive merge corner cases involving criss-cross merges'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-get_clean_checkout () {
-	git reset --hard &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	git checkout "$1"
-}
-
 #
 #  L1  L2
 #   o---o
@@ -21,51 +15,66 @@ get_clean_checkout () {
 #
 
 test_expect_success 'setup basic criss-cross + rename with no modifications' '
-	ten="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9" &&
-	for i in $ten
-	do
-		echo line $i in a sample file
-	done >one &&
-	for i in $ten
-	do
-		echo line $i in another sample file
-	done >two &&
-	git add one two &&
-	test_tick && git commit -m initial &&
-
-	git branch L1 &&
-	git checkout -b R1 &&
-	git mv one three &&
-	test_tick && git commit -m R1 &&
-
-	git checkout L1 &&
-	git mv two three &&
-	test_tick && git commit -m L1 &&
-
-	git checkout L1^0 &&
-	test_tick && git merge -s ours R1 &&
-	git tag L2 &&
-
-	git checkout R1^0 &&
-	test_tick && git merge -s ours L1 &&
-	git tag R2
+	test_create_repo basic-rename &&
+	(
+		cd basic-rename &&
+
+		ten="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9" &&
+		for i in $ten
+		do
+			echo line $i in a sample file
+		done >one &&
+		for i in $ten
+		do
+			echo line $i in another sample file
+		done >two &&
+		git add one two &&
+		test_tick && git commit -m initial &&
+
+		git branch L1 &&
+		git checkout -b R1 &&
+		git mv one three &&
+		test_tick && git commit -m R1 &&
+
+		git checkout L1 &&
+		git mv two three &&
+		test_tick && git commit -m L1 &&
+
+		git checkout L1^0 &&
+		test_tick && git merge -s ours R1 &&
+		git tag L2 &&
+
+		git checkout R1^0 &&
+		test_tick && git merge -s ours L1 &&
+		git tag R2
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge simple rename+criss-cross with no modifications' '
-	git reset --hard &&
-	git checkout L2^0 &&
-
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive R2^0 &&
-
-	test 2 = $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 2 = $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 2 = $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
-
-	test $(git rev-parse :2:three) = $(git rev-parse L2:three) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :3:three) = $(git rev-parse R2:three) &&
-
-	test $(git rev-parse L2:three) = $(git hash-object three~HEAD) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse R2:three) = $(git hash-object three~R2^0)
+	(
+		cd basic-rename &&
+
+		git reset --hard &&
+		git checkout L2^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive R2^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >expect       \
+			L2:three   R2:three \
+			L2:three   R2:three &&
+		git rev-parse   >actual     \
+			:2:three   :3:three &&
+		git hash-object >>actual    \
+			three~HEAD three~R2^0 &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
 #
@@ -81,58 +90,67 @@ test_expect_success 'merge simple rename+criss-cross with no modifications' '
 #
 
 test_expect_success 'setup criss-cross + rename merges with basic modification' '
-	git rm -rf . &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	ten="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9" &&
-	for i in $ten
-	do
-		echo line $i in a sample file
-	done >one &&
-	for i in $ten
-	do
-		echo line $i in another sample file
-	done >two &&
-	git add one two &&
-	test_tick && git commit -m initial &&
-
-	git branch L1 &&
-	git checkout -b R1 &&
-	git mv one three &&
-	echo more >>two &&
-	git add two &&
-	test_tick && git commit -m R1 &&
-
-	git checkout L1 &&
-	git mv two three &&
-	test_tick && git commit -m L1 &&
-
-	git checkout L1^0 &&
-	test_tick && git merge -s ours R1 &&
-	git tag L2 &&
-
-	git checkout R1^0 &&
-	test_tick && git merge -s ours L1 &&
-	git tag R2
+	test_create_repo rename-modify &&
+	(
+		cd rename-modify &&
+
+		ten="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9" &&
+		for i in $ten
+		do
+			echo line $i in a sample file
+		done >one &&
+		for i in $ten
+		do
+			echo line $i in another sample file
+		done >two &&
+		git add one two &&
+		test_tick && git commit -m initial &&
+
+		git branch L1 &&
+		git checkout -b R1 &&
+		git mv one three &&
+		echo more >>two &&
+		git add two &&
+		test_tick && git commit -m R1 &&
+
+		git checkout L1 &&
+		git mv two three &&
+		test_tick && git commit -m L1 &&
+
+		git checkout L1^0 &&
+		test_tick && git merge -s ours R1 &&
+		git tag L2 &&
+
+		git checkout R1^0 &&
+		test_tick && git merge -s ours L1 &&
+		git tag R2
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge criss-cross + rename merges with basic modification' '
-	git reset --hard &&
-	git checkout L2^0 &&
-
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive R2^0 &&
-
-	test 2 = $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 2 = $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 2 = $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
-
-	test $(git rev-parse :2:three) = $(git rev-parse L2:three) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :3:three) = $(git rev-parse R2:three) &&
-
-	test $(git rev-parse L2:three) = $(git hash-object three~HEAD) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse R2:three) = $(git hash-object three~R2^0)
+	(
+		cd rename-modify &&
+
+		git checkout L2^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive R2^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >expect       \
+			L2:three   R2:three \
+			L2:three   R2:three &&
+		git rev-parse   >actual     \
+			:2:three   :3:three &&
+		git hash-object >>actual    \
+			three~HEAD three~R2^0 &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
 #
@@ -156,63 +174,74 @@ test_expect_success 'merge criss-cross + rename merges with basic modification'
 #
 
 test_expect_success 'setup differently handled merges of rename/add conflict' '
-	git rm -rf . &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	printf "0\n1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\n9\n" >a &&
-	git add a &&
-	test_tick && git commit -m A &&
-
-	git branch B &&
-	git checkout -b C &&
-	echo 10 >>a &&
-	echo "other content" >>new_a &&
-	git add a new_a &&
-	test_tick && git commit -m C &&
-
-	git checkout B &&
-	git mv a new_a &&
-	test_tick && git commit -m B &&
-
-	git checkout B^0 &&
-	test_must_fail git merge C &&
-	git clean -f &&
-	test_tick && git commit -m D &&
-	git tag D &&
-
-	git checkout C^0 &&
-	test_must_fail git merge B &&
-	rm new_a~HEAD new_a &&
-	printf "Incorrectly merged content" >>new_a &&
-	git add -u &&
-	test_tick && git commit -m E &&
-	git tag E
+	test_create_repo rename-add &&
+	(
+		cd rename-add &&
+
+		printf "0\n1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\n9\n" >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		test_tick && git commit -m A &&
+
+		git branch B &&
+		git checkout -b C &&
+		echo 10 >>a &&
+		echo "other content" >>new_a &&
+		git add a new_a &&
+		test_tick && git commit -m C &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv a new_a &&
+		test_tick && git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge C &&
+		git clean -f &&
+		test_tick && git commit -m D &&
+		git tag D &&
+
+		git checkout C^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge B &&
+		rm new_a~HEAD new_a &&
+		printf "Incorrectly merged content" >>new_a &&
+		git add -u &&
+		test_tick && git commit -m E &&
+		git tag E
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git detects differently handled merges conflict' '
-	git reset --hard &&
-	git checkout D^0 &&
-
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E^0 &&
-
-	test 3 = $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 3 = $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 = $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
-
-	test $(git rev-parse :2:new_a) = $(git rev-parse D:new_a) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :3:new_a) = $(git rev-parse E:new_a) &&
-
-	git cat-file -p B:new_a >>merged &&
-	git cat-file -p C:new_a >>merge-me &&
-	>empty &&
-	test_must_fail git merge-file \
-		-L "Temporary merge branch 2" \
-		-L "" \
-		-L "Temporary merge branch 1" \
-		merged empty merge-me &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :1:new_a) = $(git hash-object merged)
+	(
+		cd rename-add &&
+
+		git checkout D^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >expect       \
+			D:new_a  E:new_a &&
+		git rev-parse   >actual     \
+			:2:new_a :3:new_a &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git cat-file -p B:new_a >ours &&
+		git cat-file -p C:new_a >theirs &&
+		>empty &&
+		test_must_fail git merge-file \
+			-L "Temporary merge branch 2" \
+			-L "" \
+			-L "Temporary merge branch 1" \
+			ours empty theirs &&
+		sed -e "s/^\([<=>]\)/\1\1\1/" ours >expect &&
+		git cat-file -p :1:new_a >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
 #
@@ -235,303 +264,428 @@ test_expect_success 'git detects differently handled merges conflict' '
 # Merging commits D & E should result in modify/delete conflict.
 
 test_expect_success 'setup criss-cross + modify/delete resolved differently' '
-	git rm -rf . &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	echo A >file &&
-	git add file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m A &&
-
-	git branch B &&
-	git checkout -b C &&
-	git rm file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m C &&
-
-	git checkout B &&
-	echo B >file &&
-	git add file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m B &&
-
-	git checkout B^0 &&
-	test_must_fail git merge C &&
-	echo B >file &&
-	git add file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m D &&
-	git tag D &&
-
-	git checkout C^0 &&
-	test_must_fail git merge B &&
-	git rm file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m E &&
-	git tag E
+	test_create_repo modify-delete &&
+	(
+		cd modify-delete &&
+
+		echo A >file &&
+		git add file &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+
+		git branch B &&
+		git checkout -b C &&
+		git rm file &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m C &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		echo B >file &&
+		git add file &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge C &&
+		echo B >file &&
+		git add file &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m D &&
+		git tag D &&
+
+		git checkout C^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge B &&
+		git rm file &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m E &&
+		git tag E
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git detects conflict merging criss-cross+modify/delete' '
-	git checkout D^0 &&
+	(
+		cd modify-delete &&
 
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E^0 &&
+		git checkout D^0 &&
 
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E^0 &&
 
-	test $(git rev-parse :1:file) = $(git rev-parse master:file) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :2:file) = $(git rev-parse B:file)
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >expect       \
+			master:file  B:file &&
+		git rev-parse   >actual      \
+			:1:file      :2:file &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git detects conflict merging criss-cross+modify/delete, reverse direction' '
-	git reset --hard &&
-	git checkout E^0 &&
+	(
+		cd modify-delete &&
 
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive D^0 &&
+		git reset --hard &&
+		git checkout E^0 &&
 
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive D^0 &&
 
-	test $(git rev-parse :1:file) = $(git rev-parse master:file) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :3:file) = $(git rev-parse B:file)
-'
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
 
-#
-# criss-cross + modify/modify with very contrived file contents:
-#
-#      B   D
-#      o---o
-#     / \ / \
-#  A o   X   ? F
-#     \ / \ /
-#      o---o
-#      C   E
-#
-#   Commit A: file with contents 'A\n'
-#   Commit B: file with contents 'B\n'
-#   Commit C: file with contents 'C\n'
-#   Commit D: file with contents 'D\n'
-#   Commit E: file with contents:
-#      <<<<<<< Temporary merge branch 1
-#      C
-#      =======
-#      B
-#      >>>>>>> Temporary merge branch 2
-#
-# Now, when we merge commits D & E, does git detect the conflict?
-
-test_expect_success 'setup differently handled merges of content conflict' '
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	echo A >file &&
-	git add file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m A &&
-
-	git branch B &&
-	git checkout -b C &&
-	echo C >file &&
-	git add file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m C &&
-
-	git checkout B &&
-	echo B >file &&
-	git add file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m B &&
-
-	git checkout B^0 &&
-	test_must_fail git merge C &&
-	echo D >file &&
-	git add file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m D &&
-	git tag D &&
-
-	git checkout C^0 &&
-	test_must_fail git merge B &&
-	cat <<EOF >file &&
-<<<<<<< Temporary merge branch 1
-C
-=======
-B
->>>>>>> Temporary merge branch 2
-EOF
-	git add file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m E &&
-	git tag E
-'
-
-test_expect_failure 'git detects conflict w/ criss-cross+contrived resolution' '
-	git checkout D^0 &&
-
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E^0 &&
-
-	test 3 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 3 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
-
-	test $(git rev-parse :2:file) = $(git rev-parse D:file) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :3:file) = $(git rev-parse E:file)
+		git rev-parse >expect       \
+			master:file  B:file &&
+		git rev-parse   >actual      \
+			:1:file      :3:file &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
+#      SORRY FOR THE SUPER LONG DESCRIPTION, BUT THIS NEXT ONE IS HAIRY
 #
 # criss-cross + d/f conflict via add/add:
 #   Commit A: Neither file 'a' nor directory 'a/' exists.
 #   Commit B: Introduce 'a'
 #   Commit C: Introduce 'a/file'
-#   Commit D: Merge B & C, keeping 'a' and deleting 'a/'
-#
-# Two different later cases:
+#   Commit D1: Merge B & C, keeping 'a'    and deleting 'a/'
 #   Commit E1: Merge B & C, deleting 'a' but keeping 'a/file'
-#   Commit E2: Merge B & C, deleting 'a' but keeping a slightly modified 'a/file'
 #
-#      B   D
+#      B   D1 or D2
 #      o---o
 #     / \ / \
 #  A o   X   ? F
 #     \ / \ /
 #      o---o
-#      C   E1 or E2
+#      C   E1 or E2 or E3
+#
+# I'll describe D2, E2, & E3 (which are alternatives for D1 & E1) more below...
 #
-# Merging D & E1 requires we first create a virtual merge base X from
-# merging A & B in memory.  Now, if X could keep both 'a' and 'a/file' in
-# the index, then the merge of D & E1 could be resolved cleanly with both
-# 'a' and 'a/file' removed.  Since git does not currently allow creating
-# such a tree, the best we can do is have X contain both 'a~<unique>' and
-# 'a/file' resulting in the merge of D and E1 having a rename/delete
-# conflict for 'a'.  (Although this merge appears to be unsolvable with git
-# currently, git could do a lot better than it currently does with these
-# d/f conflicts, which is the purpose of this test.)
+# Merging D1 & E1 requires we first create a virtual merge base X from
+# merging A & B in memory.  There are several possibilities for the merge-base:
+#   1: Keep both 'a' and 'a/file' (assuming crazy filesystem allowing a tree
+#      with a directory and file at same path): results in merge of D1 & E1
+#      being clean with both files deleted.  Bad (no conflict detected).
+#   2: Keep 'a' but not 'a/file': Merging D1 & E1 is clean and matches E1.  Bad.
+#   3: Keep 'a/file' but not 'a': Merging D1 & E1 is clean and matches D1.  Bad.
+#   4: Keep neither file: Merging D1 & E1 reports the D/F add/add conflict.
 #
-# Merge of D & E2 has similar issues for path 'a', but should always result
-# in a modify/delete conflict for path 'a/file'.
+# So 4 sounds good for this case, but if we were to merge D1 & E3, where E3
+# is defined as:
+#   Commit E3: Merge B & C, keeping modified a, and deleting a/
+# then we'd get an add/add conflict for 'a', which seems suboptimal.  A little
+# creativity leads us to an alternate choice:
+#   5: Keep 'a' as 'a~$UNIQUE' and a/file; results:
+#        Merge D1 & E1: rename/delete conflict for 'a'; a/file silently deleted
+#        Merge D1 & E3 is clean, as expected.
 #
-# We run each merge in both directions, to check for directional issues
-# with D/F conflict handling.
+# So choice 5 at least provides some kind of conflict for the original case,
+# and can merge cleanly as expected with D1 and E3.  It also made things just
+# slightly funny for merging D1 and e$, where E4 is defined as:
+#   Commit E4: Merge B & C, modifying 'a' and renaming to 'a2', and deleting 'a/'
+# in this case, we'll get a rename/rename(1to2) conflict because a~$UNIQUE
+# gets renamed to 'a' in D1 and to 'a2' in E4.  But that's better than having
+# two files (both 'a' and 'a2') sitting around without the user being notified
+# that we could detect they were related and need to be merged.  Also, choice
+# 5 makes the handling of 'a/file' seem suboptimal.  What if we were to merge
+# D2 and E4, where D2 is:
+#   Commit D2: Merge B & C, renaming 'a'->'a2', keeping 'a/file'
+# This would result in a clean merge with 'a2' having three-way merged
+# contents (good), and deleting 'a/' (bad) -- it doesn't detect the
+# conflict in how the different sides treated a/file differently.
+# Continuing down the creative route:
+#   6: Keep 'a' as 'a~$UNIQUE1' and keep 'a/' as 'a~$UNIQUE2/'; results:
+#        Merge D1 & E1: rename/delete conflict for 'a' and each path under 'a/'.
+#        Merge D1 & E3: clean, as expected.
+#        Merge D1 & E4: rename/rename(1to2) conflict on 'a' vs 'a2'.
+#        Merge D2 & E4: clean for 'a2', rename/delete for a/file
+#
+# Choice 6 could cause rename detection to take longer (providing more targets
+# that need to be searched).  Also, the conflict message for each path under
+# 'a/' might be annoying unless we can detect it at the directory level, print
+# it once, and then suppress it for individual filepaths underneath.
+#
+#
+# As of time of writing, git uses choice 5.  Directory rename detection and
+# rename detection performance improvements might make choice 6 a desirable
+# improvement.  But we can at least document where we fall short for now...
+#
+#
+# Historically, this testcase also used:
+#   Commit E2: Merge B & C, deleting 'a' but keeping slightly modified 'a/file'
+# The merge of D1 & E2 is very similar to D1 & E1 -- it has similar issues for
+# path 'a', but should always result in a modify/delete conflict for path
+# 'a/file'.  These tests ran the two merges
+#   D1 & E1
+#   D1 & E2
+# in both directions, to check for directional issues with D/F conflict
+# handling. Later we added
+#   D1 & E3
+#   D1 & E4
+#   D2 & E4
+# for good measure, though we only ran those one way because we had pretty
+# good confidence in merge-recursive's directional handling of D/F issues.
+#
+# Just to summarize all the intermediate merge commits:
+#   Commit D1: Merge B & C, keeping a    and deleting a/
+#   Commit D2: Merge B & C, renaming a->a2, keeping a/file
+#   Commit E1: Merge B & C, deleting a but keeping a/file
+#   Commit E2: Merge B & C, deleting a but keeping slightly modified a/file
+#   Commit E3: Merge B & C, keeping modified a, and deleting a/
+#   Commit E4: Merge B & C, modifying 'a' and renaming to 'a2', and deleting 'a/'
 #
 
 test_expect_success 'setup differently handled merges of directory/file conflict' '
-	git rm -rf . &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	>ignore-me &&
-	git add ignore-me &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m A &&
-	git tag A &&
-
-	git branch B &&
-	git checkout -b C &&
-	mkdir a &&
-	echo 10 >a/file &&
-	git add a/file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m C &&
-
-	git checkout B &&
-	echo 5 >a &&
-	git add a &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m B &&
-
-	git checkout B^0 &&
-	test_must_fail git merge C &&
-	git clean -f &&
-	rm -rf a/ &&
-	echo 5 >a &&
-	git add a &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m D &&
-	git tag D &&
-
-	git checkout C^0 &&
-	test_must_fail git merge B &&
-	git clean -f &&
-	git rm --cached a &&
-	echo 10 >a/file &&
-	git add a/file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m E1 &&
-	git tag E1 &&
-
-	git checkout C^0 &&
-	test_must_fail git merge B &&
-	git clean -f &&
-	git rm --cached a &&
-	printf "10\n11\n" >a/file &&
-	git add a/file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m E2 &&
-	git tag E2
+	test_create_repo directory-file &&
+	(
+		cd directory-file &&
+
+		>ignore-me &&
+		git add ignore-me &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git branch B &&
+		git checkout -b C &&
+		mkdir a &&
+		test_write_lines a b c d e f g >a/file &&
+		git add a/file &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m C &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+		git merge -s ours -m D1 C^0 &&
+		git tag D1 &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge C^0 &&
+		git clean -fd &&
+		git rm -rf a/ &&
+		git rm a &&
+		git cat-file -p B:a >a2 &&
+		git add a2 &&
+		git commit -m D2 &&
+		git tag D2 &&
+
+		git checkout C^0 &&
+		git merge -s ours -m E1 B^0 &&
+		git tag E1 &&
+
+		git checkout C^0 &&
+		git merge -s ours -m E2 B^0 &&
+		test_write_lines a b c d e f g h >a/file &&
+		git add a/file &&
+		git commit --amend -C HEAD &&
+		git tag E2 &&
+
+		git checkout C^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge B^0 &&
+		git clean -fd &&
+		git rm -rf a/ &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m E3 &&
+		git tag E3 &&
+
+		git checkout C^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge B^0 &&
+		git clean -fd &&
+		git rm -rf a/ &&
+		git rm a &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 >a2 &&
+		git add a2 &&
+		git commit -m E4 &&
+		git tag E4
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'merge of D & E1 fails but has appropriate contents' '
-	get_clean_checkout D^0 &&
+test_expect_success 'merge of D1 & E1 fails but has appropriate contents' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-file reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-file clean -fdqx" &&
+	(
+		cd directory-file &&
+
+		git checkout D1^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E1^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >expect    \
+			A:ignore-me  B:a &&
+		git rev-parse   >actual   \
+			:0:ignore-me :2:a &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
 
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E1^0 &&
+test_expect_success 'merge of E1 & D1 fails but has appropriate contents' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-file reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-file clean -fdqx" &&
+	(
+		cd directory-file &&
+
+		git checkout E1^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive D1^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >expect    \
+			A:ignore-me  B:a &&
+		git rev-parse   >actual   \
+			:0:ignore-me :3:a &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
 
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 1 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
+test_expect_success 'merge of D1 & E2 fails but has appropriate contents' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-file reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-file clean -fdqx" &&
+	(
+		cd directory-file &&
 
-	test $(git rev-parse :0:ignore-me) = $(git rev-parse A:ignore-me) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :2:a) = $(git rev-parse B:a)
-'
+		git checkout D1^0 &&
 
-test_expect_success 'merge of E1 & D fails but has appropriate contents' '
-	get_clean_checkout E1^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E2^0 &&
 
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive D^0 &&
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
 
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 1 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
+		git rev-parse >expect    \
+			B:a   E2:a/file  C:a/file   A:ignore-me &&
+		git rev-parse   >actual   \
+			:2:a  :3:a/file  :1:a/file  :0:ignore-me &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
 
-	test $(git rev-parse :0:ignore-me) = $(git rev-parse A:ignore-me) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :3:a) = $(git rev-parse B:a)
+		test_path_is_file a~HEAD
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'merge of D & E2 fails but has appropriate contents' '
-	get_clean_checkout D^0 &&
+test_expect_success 'merge of E2 & D1 fails but has appropriate contents' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-file reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-file clean -fdqx" &&
+	(
+		cd directory-file &&
 
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E2^0 &&
+		git checkout E2^0 &&
 
-	test 4 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 3 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 1 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive D1^0 &&
 
-	test $(git rev-parse :2:a) = $(git rev-parse B:a) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :3:a/file) = $(git rev-parse E2:a/file) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :1:a/file) = $(git rev-parse C:a/file) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :0:ignore-me) = $(git rev-parse A:ignore-me) &&
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
 
-	test -f a~HEAD
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'merge of E2 & D fails but has appropriate contents' '
-	get_clean_checkout E2^0 &&
+		git rev-parse >expect    \
+			B:a   E2:a/file  C:a/file   A:ignore-me &&
+		git rev-parse   >actual   \
+			:3:a  :2:a/file  :1:a/file  :0:ignore-me &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
 
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive D^0 &&
+		test_path_is_file a~D1^0
+	)
+'
 
-	test 4 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 3 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 1 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
+test_expect_success 'merge of D1 & E3 succeeds' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-file reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-file clean -fdqx" &&
+	(
+		cd directory-file &&
+
+		git checkout D1^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive E3^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >expect    \
+			A:ignore-me  E3:a &&
+		git rev-parse   >actual   \
+			:0:ignore-me :0:a &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
 
-	test $(git rev-parse :3:a) = $(git rev-parse B:a) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :2:a/file) = $(git rev-parse E2:a/file) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :1:a/file) = $(git rev-parse C:a/file) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :0:ignore-me) = $(git rev-parse A:ignore-me) &&
+test_expect_success 'merge of D1 & E4 notifies user a and a2 are related' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-file reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-file clean -fdqx" &&
+	(
+		cd directory-file &&
+
+		git checkout D1^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E4^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >expect                  \
+			A:ignore-me  B:a   D1:a  E4:a2 &&
+		git rev-parse   >actual                \
+			:0:ignore-me :1:a~Temporary\ merge\ branch\ 2  :2:a  :3:a2 &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
 
-	test -f a~D^0
+test_expect_failure 'merge of D2 & E4 merges a2s & reports conflict for a/file' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-file reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-file clean -fdqx" &&
+	(
+		cd directory-file &&
+
+		git checkout D2^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E4^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >expect                 \
+			A:ignore-me  E4:a2  D2:a/file &&
+		git rev-parse   >actual               \
+			:0:ignore-me :0:a2  :2:a/file &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
 #
@@ -574,52 +728,58 @@ test_expect_success 'merge of E2 & D fails but has appropriate contents' '
 # but that may cancel out at the final merge stage".
 
 test_expect_success 'setup rename/rename(1to2)/modify followed by what looks like rename/rename(2to1)/modify' '
-	git reset --hard &&
-	git rm -rf . &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n" >a &&
-	git add a &&
-	git commit -m A &&
-	git tag A &&
-
-	git checkout -b B A &&
-	git mv a b &&
-	echo 7 >>b &&
-	git add -u &&
-	git commit -m B &&
-
-	git checkout -b C A &&
-	git mv a c &&
-	git commit -m C &&
-
-	git checkout -q B^0 &&
-	git merge --no-commit -s ours C^0 &&
-	git mv b newname &&
-	git commit -m "Merge commit C^0 into HEAD" &&
-	git tag D &&
-
-	git checkout -q C^0 &&
-	git merge --no-commit -s ours B^0 &&
-	git mv c newname &&
-	printf "7\n8\n" >>newname &&
-	git add -u &&
-	git commit -m "Merge commit B^0 into HEAD" &&
-	git tag E
+	test_create_repo rename-squared-squared &&
+	(
+		cd rename-squared-squared &&
+
+		printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n" >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b B A &&
+		git mv a b &&
+		echo 7 >>b &&
+		git add -u &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout -b C A &&
+		git mv a c &&
+		git commit -m C &&
+
+		git checkout -q B^0 &&
+		git merge --no-commit -s ours C^0 &&
+		git mv b newname &&
+		git commit -m "Merge commit C^0 into HEAD" &&
+		git tag D &&
+
+		git checkout -q C^0 &&
+		git merge --no-commit -s ours B^0 &&
+		git mv c newname &&
+		printf "7\n8\n" >>newname &&
+		git add -u &&
+		git commit -m "Merge commit B^0 into HEAD" &&
+		git tag E
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'handle rename/rename(1to2)/modify followed by what looks like rename/rename(2to1)/modify' '
-	git checkout D^0 &&
+	(
+		cd rename-squared-squared &&
 
-	git merge -s recursive E^0 &&
+		git checkout D^0 &&
 
-	test 1 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
+		git merge -s recursive E^0 &&
 
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD:newname) = $(git rev-parse E:newname)
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		test $(git rev-parse HEAD:newname) = $(git rev-parse E:newname)
+	)
 '
 
 #
@@ -644,59 +804,72 @@ test_expect_success 'handle rename/rename(1to2)/modify followed by what looks li
 # renaming carefully (both in the virtual merge base and later), and getting
 # content merge handled.
 
-test_expect_success 'setup criss-cross + rename/rename/add + modify/modify' '
-	git rm -rf . &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	printf "lots\nof\nwords\nand\ncontent\n" >a &&
-	git add a &&
-	git commit -m A &&
-	git tag A &&
-
-	git checkout -b B A &&
-	git mv a b &&
-	git commit -m B &&
-
-	git checkout -b C A &&
-	git mv a c &&
-	printf "2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n" >a &&
-	git add a &&
-	git commit -m C &&
-
-	git checkout B^0 &&
-	git merge --no-commit -s ours C^0 &&
-	git checkout C -- a c &&
-	mv a old_a &&
-	echo 1 >a &&
-	cat old_a >>a &&
-	rm old_a &&
-	git add -u &&
-	git commit -m "Merge commit C^0 into HEAD" &&
-	git tag D &&
-
-	git checkout C^0 &&
-	git merge --no-commit -s ours B^0 &&
-	git checkout B -- b &&
-	echo 8 >>a &&
-	git add -u &&
-	git commit -m "Merge commit B^0 into HEAD" &&
-	git tag E
+test_expect_success 'setup criss-cross + rename/rename/add-source + modify/modify' '
+	test_create_repo rename-rename-add-source &&
+	(
+		cd rename-rename-add-source &&
+
+		printf "lots\nof\nwords\nand\ncontent\n" >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b B A &&
+		git mv a b &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout -b C A &&
+		git mv a c &&
+		printf "2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n" >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m C &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+		git merge --no-commit -s ours C^0 &&
+		git checkout C -- a c &&
+		mv a old_a &&
+		echo 1 >a &&
+		cat old_a >>a &&
+		rm old_a &&
+		git add -u &&
+		git commit -m "Merge commit C^0 into HEAD" &&
+		git tag D &&
+
+		git checkout C^0 &&
+		git merge --no-commit -s ours B^0 &&
+		git checkout B -- b &&
+		echo 8 >>a &&
+		git add -u &&
+		git commit -m "Merge commit B^0 into HEAD" &&
+		git tag E
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_failure 'detect rename/rename/add-source for virtual merge-base' '
-	git checkout D^0 &&
-
-	git merge -s recursive E^0 &&
-
-	test 3 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
-
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD:b) = $(git rev-parse A:a) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD:c) = $(git rev-parse A:a) &&
-	test "$(cat a)" = "$(printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\n")"
+	(
+		cd rename-rename-add-source &&
+
+		git checkout D^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive E^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\n" >correct &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			A:a   A:a     \
+			correct       &&
+		git rev-parse   >actual  \
+			:0:b  :0:c       &&
+		git hash-object >>actual \
+			a                &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
 #
@@ -720,52 +893,513 @@ test_expect_failure 'detect rename/rename/add-source for virtual merge-base' '
 # base of B & C needs to not delete B:c for that to work, though...
 
 test_expect_success 'setup criss-cross+rename/rename/add-dest + simple modify' '
-	git rm -rf . &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	>a &&
-	git add a &&
-	git commit -m A &&
-	git tag A &&
-
-	git checkout -b B A &&
-	git mv a b &&
-	printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n" >c &&
-	git add c &&
-	git commit -m B &&
-
-	git checkout -b C A &&
-	git mv a c &&
-	git commit -m C &&
-
-	git checkout B^0 &&
-	git merge --no-commit -s ours C^0 &&
-	git mv b a &&
-	git commit -m "D is like B but renames b back to a" &&
-	git tag D &&
-
-	git checkout B^0 &&
-	git merge --no-commit -s ours C^0 &&
-	git mv b a &&
-	echo 8 >>c &&
-	git add c &&
-	git commit -m "E like D but has mod in c" &&
-	git tag E
+	test_create_repo rename-rename-add-dest &&
+	(
+		cd rename-rename-add-dest &&
+
+		>a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b B A &&
+		git mv a b &&
+		printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n" >c &&
+		git add c &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout -b C A &&
+		git mv a c &&
+		git commit -m C &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+		git merge --no-commit -s ours C^0 &&
+		git mv b a &&
+		git commit -m "D is like B but renames b back to a" &&
+		git tag D &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+		git merge --no-commit -s ours C^0 &&
+		git mv b a &&
+		echo 8 >>c &&
+		git add c &&
+		git commit -m "E like D but has mod in c" &&
+		git tag E
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'virtual merge base handles rename/rename(1to2)/add-dest' '
-	git checkout D^0 &&
+	(
+		cd rename-rename-add-dest &&
+
+		git checkout D^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive E^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			A:a   E:c     &&
+		git rev-parse   >actual \
+			:0:a  :0:c      &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# criss-cross with modify/modify on a symlink:
+#
+#      B   D
+#      o---o
+#     / \ / \
+#  A o   X   ? F
+#     \ / \ /
+#      o---o
+#      C   E
+#
+#   Commit A: simple simlink fickle->lagoon
+#   Commit B: redirect fickle->disneyland
+#   Commit C: redirect fickle->home
+#   Commit D: merge B&C, resolving in favor of B
+#   Commit E: merge B&C, resolving in favor of C
+#
+# This is an obvious modify/modify conflict for the symlink 'fickle'.  Can
+# git detect it?
+
+test_expect_success 'setup symlink modify/modify' '
+	test_create_repo symlink-modify-modify &&
+	(
+		cd symlink-modify-modify &&
+
+		test_ln_s_add lagoon fickle &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b B A &&
+		git rm fickle &&
+		test_ln_s_add disneyland fickle &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout -b C A &&
+		git rm fickle &&
+		test_ln_s_add home fickle &&
+		git add fickle &&
+		git commit -m C &&
+
+		git checkout -q B^0 &&
+		git merge -s ours -m D C^0 &&
+		git tag D &&
+
+		git checkout -q C^0 &&
+		git merge -s ours -m E B^0 &&
+		git tag E
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'check symlink modify/modify' '
+	(
+		cd symlink-modify-modify &&
+
+		git checkout D^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# criss-cross with add/add of a symlink:
+#
+#      B   D
+#      o---o
+#     / \ / \
+#  A o   X   ? F
+#     \ / \ /
+#      o---o
+#      C   E
+#
+#   Commit A: No symlink or path exists yet
+#   Commit B: set up symlink: fickle->disneyland
+#   Commit C: set up symlink: fickle->home
+#   Commit D: merge B&C, resolving in favor of B
+#   Commit E: merge B&C, resolving in favor of C
+#
+# This is an obvious add/add conflict for the symlink 'fickle'.  Can
+# git detect it?
+
+test_expect_success 'setup symlink add/add' '
+	test_create_repo symlink-add-add &&
+	(
+		cd symlink-add-add &&
+
+		touch ignoreme &&
+		git add ignoreme &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b B A &&
+		test_ln_s_add disneyland fickle &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout -b C A &&
+		test_ln_s_add home fickle &&
+		git add fickle &&
+		git commit -m C &&
+
+		git checkout -q B^0 &&
+		git merge -s ours -m D C^0 &&
+		git tag D &&
+
+		git checkout -q C^0 &&
+		git merge -s ours -m E B^0 &&
+		git tag E
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'check symlink add/add' '
+	(
+		cd symlink-add-add &&
+
+		git checkout D^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# criss-cross with modify/modify on a submodule:
+#
+#      B   D
+#      o---o
+#     / \ / \
+#  A o   X   ? F
+#     \ / \ /
+#      o---o
+#      C   E
+#
+#   Commit A: simple submodule repo
+#   Commit B: update repo
+#   Commit C: update repo differently
+#   Commit D: merge B&C, resolving in favor of B
+#   Commit E: merge B&C, resolving in favor of C
+#
+# This is an obvious modify/modify conflict for the submodule 'repo'.  Can
+# git detect it?
+
+test_expect_success 'setup submodule modify/modify' '
+	test_create_repo submodule-modify-modify &&
+	(
+		cd submodule-modify-modify &&
+
+		test_create_repo submod &&
+		(
+			cd submod &&
+			touch file-A &&
+			git add file-A &&
+			git commit -m A &&
+			git tag A &&
+
+			git checkout -b B A &&
+			touch file-B &&
+			git add file-B &&
+			git commit -m B &&
+			git tag B &&
+
+			git checkout -b C A &&
+			touch file-C &&
+			git add file-C &&
+			git commit -m C &&
+			git tag C
+		) &&
+
+		git -C submod reset --hard A &&
+		git add submod &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b B A &&
+		git -C submod reset --hard B &&
+		git add submod &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout -b C A &&
+		git -C submod reset --hard C &&
+		git add submod &&
+		git commit -m C &&
+
+		git checkout -q B^0 &&
+		git merge -s ours -m D C^0 &&
+		git tag D &&
+
+		git checkout -q C^0 &&
+		git merge -s ours -m E B^0 &&
+		git tag E
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'check submodule modify/modify' '
+	(
+		cd submodule-modify-modify &&
+
+		git checkout D^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# criss-cross with add/add on a submodule:
+#
+#      B   D
+#      o---o
+#     / \ / \
+#  A o   X   ? F
+#     \ / \ /
+#      o---o
+#      C   E
+#
+#   Commit A: nothing of note
+#   Commit B: introduce submodule repo
+#   Commit C: introduce submodule repo at different commit
+#   Commit D: merge B&C, resolving in favor of B
+#   Commit E: merge B&C, resolving in favor of C
+#
+# This is an obvious add/add conflict for the submodule 'repo'.  Can
+# git detect it?
+
+test_expect_success 'setup submodule add/add' '
+	test_create_repo submodule-add-add &&
+	(
+		cd submodule-add-add &&
+
+		test_create_repo submod &&
+		(
+			cd submod &&
+			touch file-A &&
+			git add file-A &&
+			git commit -m A &&
+			git tag A &&
+
+			git checkout -b B A &&
+			touch file-B &&
+			git add file-B &&
+			git commit -m B &&
+			git tag B &&
+
+			git checkout -b C A &&
+			touch file-C &&
+			git add file-C &&
+			git commit -m C &&
+			git tag C
+		) &&
+
+		touch irrelevant-file &&
+		git add irrelevant-file &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b B A &&
+		git -C submod reset --hard B &&
+		git add submod &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout -b C A &&
+		git -C submod reset --hard C &&
+		git add submod &&
+		git commit -m C &&
+
+		git checkout -q B^0 &&
+		git merge -s ours -m D C^0 &&
+		git tag D &&
+
+		git checkout -q C^0 &&
+		git merge -s ours -m E B^0 &&
+		git tag E
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'check submodule add/add' '
+	(
+		cd submodule-add-add &&
+
+		git checkout D^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# criss-cross with conflicting entry types:
+#
+#      B   D
+#      o---o
+#     / \ / \
+#  A o   X   ? F
+#     \ / \ /
+#      o---o
+#      C   E
+#
+#   Commit A: nothing of note
+#   Commit B: introduce submodule 'path'
+#   Commit C: introduce symlink 'path'
+#   Commit D: merge B&C, resolving in favor of B
+#   Commit E: merge B&C, resolving in favor of C
+#
+# This is an obvious add/add conflict for 'path'.  Can git detect it?
+
+test_expect_success 'setup conflicting entry types (submodule vs symlink)' '
+	test_create_repo submodule-symlink-add-add &&
+	(
+		cd submodule-symlink-add-add &&
+
+		test_create_repo path &&
+		(
+			cd path &&
+			touch file-B &&
+			git add file-B &&
+			git commit -m B &&
+			git tag B
+		) &&
+
+		touch irrelevant-file &&
+		git add irrelevant-file &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b B A &&
+		git -C path reset --hard B &&
+		git add path &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout -b C A &&
+		rm -rf path/ &&
+		test_ln_s_add irrelevant-file path &&
+		git commit -m C &&
+
+		git checkout -q B^0 &&
+		git merge -s ours -m D C^0 &&
+		git tag D &&
+
+		git checkout -q C^0 &&
+		git merge -s ours -m E B^0 &&
+		git tag E
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'check conflicting entry types (submodule vs symlink)' '
+	(
+		cd submodule-symlink-add-add &&
+
+		git checkout D^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# criss-cross with regular files that have conflicting modes:
+#
+#      B   D
+#      o---o
+#     / \ / \
+#  A o   X   ? F
+#     \ / \ /
+#      o---o
+#      C   E
+#
+#   Commit A: nothing of note
+#   Commit B: introduce file source_me.bash, not executable
+#   Commit C: introduce file source_me.bash, executable
+#   Commit D: merge B&C, resolving in favor of B
+#   Commit E: merge B&C, resolving in favor of C
+#
+# This is an obvious add/add mode conflict.  Can git detect it?
+
+test_expect_success 'setup conflicting modes for regular file' '
+	test_create_repo regular-file-mode-conflict &&
+	(
+		cd regular-file-mode-conflict &&
+
+		touch irrelevant-file &&
+		git add irrelevant-file &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b B A &&
+		echo "command_to_run" >source_me.bash &&
+		git add source_me.bash &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout -b C A &&
+		echo "command_to_run" >source_me.bash &&
+		git add source_me.bash &&
+		test_chmod +x source_me.bash &&
+		git commit -m C &&
+
+		git checkout -q B^0 &&
+		git merge -s ours -m D C^0 &&
+		git tag D &&
+
+		git checkout -q C^0 &&
+		git merge -s ours -m E B^0 &&
+		git tag E
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'check conflicting modes for regular file' '
+	(
+		cd regular-file-mode-conflict &&
 
-	git merge -s recursive E^0 &&
+		git checkout D^0 &&
 
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E^0 &&
 
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD:a) = $(git rev-parse A:a) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD:c) = $(git rev-parse E:c)
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out
+	)
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6037-merge-ours-theirs.sh b/t/t6037-merge-ours-theirs.sh
index 3889eca4ae..0aebc6c028 100755
--- a/t/t6037-merge-ours-theirs.sh
+++ b/t/t6037-merge-ours-theirs.sh
@@ -73,4 +73,36 @@ test_expect_success 'pull passes -X to underlying merge' '
 	git reset --hard master && test_must_fail git pull -s recursive -X bork . side
 '
 
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'symlink with -Xours/-Xtheirs' '
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git checkout -b two master &&
+	ln -s target-zero link &&
+	git add link &&
+	git commit -m "add link pointing to zero" &&
+
+	ln -f -s target-two link &&
+	git commit -m "add link pointing to two" link &&
+
+	git checkout -b one HEAD^ &&
+	ln -f -s target-one link &&
+	git commit -m "add link pointing to one" link &&
+
+	# we expect symbolic links not to resolve automatically, of course
+	git checkout one^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive two &&
+
+	# favor theirs to resolve to target-two?
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout one^0 &&
+	git merge -s recursive -X theirs two &&
+	git diff --exit-code two HEAD link &&
+
+	# favor ours to resolve to target-one?
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout one^0 &&
+	git merge -s recursive -X ours two &&
+	git diff --exit-code one HEAD link
+
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6038-merge-text-auto.sh b/t/t6038-merge-text-auto.sh
index 85c10b0940..5e8d5fa50c 100755
--- a/t/t6038-merge-text-auto.sh
+++ b/t/t6038-merge-text-auto.sh
@@ -16,6 +16,13 @@ test_description='CRLF merge conflict across text=auto change
 
 test_have_prereq SED_STRIPS_CR && SED_OPTIONS=-b
 
+compare_files () {
+	tr '\015\000' QN <"$1" >"$1".expect &&
+	tr '\015\000' QN <"$2" >"$2".actual &&
+	test_cmp "$1".expect "$2".actual &&
+	rm "$1".expect "$2".actual
+}
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 	git config core.autocrlf false &&
 
@@ -30,7 +37,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git branch side &&
 
 	echo "* text=auto" >.gitattributes &&
-	touch file &&
+	echo first line >file &&
 	git add .gitattributes file &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "normalize file" &&
@@ -81,38 +88,49 @@ test_expect_success 'Merge after setting text=auto' '
 	rm -f .gitattributes &&
 	git reset --hard a &&
 	git merge b &&
-	test_cmp expected file
+	compare_files expected file
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'Merge addition of text=auto' '
+test_expect_success 'Merge addition of text=auto eol=LF' '
+	git config core.eol lf &&
 	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
 	first line
 	same line
 	EOF
 
-	if test_have_prereq NATIVE_CRLF; then
-		append_cr <expected >expected.temp &&
-		mv expected.temp expected
-	fi &&
 	git config merge.renormalize true &&
 	git rm -fr . &&
 	rm -f .gitattributes &&
 	git reset --hard b &&
 	git merge a &&
-	test_cmp expected file
+	compare_files  expected file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Merge addition of text=auto eol=CRLF' '
+	git config core.eol crlf &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	first line
+	same line
+	EOF
+
+	append_cr <expected >expected.temp &&
+	mv expected.temp expected &&
+	git config merge.renormalize true &&
+	git rm -fr . &&
+	rm -f .gitattributes &&
+	git reset --hard b &&
+	echo >&2 "After git reset --hard b" &&
+	git ls-files -s --eol >&2 &&
+	git merge a &&
+	compare_files  expected file
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'Detect CRLF/LF conflict after setting text=auto' '
+	git config core.eol native &&
 	echo "<<<<<<<" >expected &&
-	if test_have_prereq NATIVE_CRLF; then
-		echo first line | append_cr >>expected &&
-		echo same line | append_cr >>expected &&
-		echo ======= | append_cr >>expected
-	else
-		echo first line >>expected &&
-		echo same line >>expected &&
-		echo ======= >>expected
-	fi &&
+	echo first line >>expected &&
+	echo same line >>expected &&
+	echo ======= >>expected &&
 	echo first line | append_cr >>expected &&
 	echo same line | append_cr >>expected &&
 	echo ">>>>>>>" >>expected &&
@@ -121,29 +139,23 @@ test_expect_success 'Detect CRLF/LF conflict after setting text=auto' '
 	git reset --hard a &&
 	test_must_fail git merge b &&
 	fuzz_conflict file >file.fuzzy &&
-	test_cmp expected file.fuzzy
+	compare_files expected file.fuzzy
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'Detect LF/CRLF conflict from addition of text=auto' '
 	echo "<<<<<<<" >expected &&
 	echo first line | append_cr >>expected &&
 	echo same line | append_cr >>expected &&
-	if test_have_prereq NATIVE_CRLF; then
-		echo ======= | append_cr >>expected &&
-		echo first line | append_cr >>expected &&
-		echo same line | append_cr >>expected
-	else
-		echo ======= >>expected &&
-		echo first line >>expected &&
-		echo same line >>expected
-	fi &&
+	echo ======= >>expected &&
+	echo first line >>expected &&
+	echo same line >>expected &&
 	echo ">>>>>>>" >>expected &&
 	git config merge.renormalize false &&
 	rm -f .gitattributes &&
 	git reset --hard b &&
 	test_must_fail git merge a &&
 	fuzz_conflict file >file.fuzzy &&
-	test_cmp expected file.fuzzy
+	compare_files expected file.fuzzy
 '
 
 test_expect_failure 'checkout -m after setting text=auto' '
@@ -158,7 +170,7 @@ test_expect_failure 'checkout -m after setting text=auto' '
 	git reset --hard initial &&
 	git checkout a -- . &&
 	git checkout -m b &&
-	test_cmp expected file
+	compare_files expected file
 '
 
 test_expect_failure 'checkout -m addition of text=auto' '
@@ -173,7 +185,7 @@ test_expect_failure 'checkout -m addition of text=auto' '
 	git reset --hard initial &&
 	git checkout b -- . &&
 	git checkout -m a &&
-	test_cmp expected file
+	compare_files expected file
 '
 
 test_expect_failure 'cherry-pick patch from after text=auto was added' '
@@ -187,7 +199,7 @@ test_expect_failure 'cherry-pick patch from after text=auto was added' '
 	git reset --hard b &&
 	test_must_fail git cherry-pick a >err 2>&1 &&
 	grep "[Nn]othing added" err &&
-	test_cmp expected file
+	compare_files expected file
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'Test delete/normalize conflict' '
diff --git a/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh b/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh
index 7ac8fd06c3..716283b274 100755
--- a/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh
+++ b/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh
@@ -12,10 +12,9 @@ advance () {
 }
 
 test_expect_success setup '
-	for i in a b c;
-	do
-		advance $i || break
-	done &&
+	advance a &&
+	advance b &&
+	advance c &&
 	git clone . test &&
 	(
 		cd test &&
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ b1 [ahead 1, behind 1] d
 b2 [ahead 1, behind 1] d
 b3 [behind 1] b
 b4 [ahead 2] f
-b5 g
+b5 [gone] g
 b6 c
 EOF
 
@@ -101,7 +100,7 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout (up-to-date with upstream)' '
 	(
 		cd test && git checkout b6
 	) >actual &&
-	test_i18ngrep "Your branch is up-to-date with .origin/master" actual
+	test_i18ngrep "Your branch is up to date with .origin/master" actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status (diverged from upstream)' '
@@ -131,7 +130,7 @@ test_expect_success 'status (up-to-date with upstream)' '
 		# reports nothing to commit
 		test_must_fail git commit --dry-run
 	) >actual &&
-	test_i18ngrep "Your branch is up-to-date with .origin/master" actual
+	test_i18ngrep "Your branch is up to date with .origin/master" actual
 '
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
@@ -148,6 +147,48 @@ test_expect_success 'status -s -b (diverged from upstream)' '
 '
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
+## b1...origin/master [different]
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status -s -b --no-ahead-behind (diverged from upstream)' '
+	(
+		cd test &&
+		git checkout b1 >/dev/null &&
+		git status -s -b --no-ahead-behind | head -1
+	) >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+On branch b1
+Your branch and 'origin/master' have diverged,
+and have 1 and 1 different commits each, respectively.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status --long --branch' '
+	(
+		cd test &&
+		git checkout b1 >/dev/null &&
+		git status --long -b | head -3
+	) >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+On branch b1
+Your branch and 'origin/master' refer to different commits.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status --long --branch --no-ahead-behind' '
+	(
+		cd test &&
+		git checkout b1 >/dev/null &&
+		git status --long -b --no-ahead-behind | head -2
+	) >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
 ## b5...brokenbase [gone]
 EOF
 
@@ -189,35 +230,29 @@ test_expect_success 'fail to track annotated tags' '
 	test_must_fail git checkout heavytrack
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'setup tracking with branch --set-upstream on existing branch' '
+test_expect_success '--set-upstream-to does not change branch' '
 	git branch from-master master &&
-	test_must_fail git config branch.from-master.merge > actual &&
-	git branch --set-upstream from-master master &&
-	git config branch.from-master.merge > actual &&
-	grep -q "^refs/heads/master$" actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success '--set-upstream does not change branch' '
+	git branch --set-upstream-to master from-master &&
 	git branch from-master2 master &&
 	test_must_fail git config branch.from-master2.merge > actual &&
 	git rev-list from-master2 &&
 	git update-ref refs/heads/from-master2 from-master2^ &&
 	git rev-parse from-master2 >expect2 &&
-	git branch --set-upstream from-master2 master &&
+	git branch --set-upstream-to master from-master2 &&
 	git config branch.from-master.merge > actual &&
 	git rev-parse from-master2 >actual2 &&
 	grep -q "^refs/heads/master$" actual &&
 	cmp expect2 actual2
 '
 
-test_expect_success '--set-upstream @{-1}' '
-	git checkout from-master &&
+test_expect_success '--set-upstream-to @{-1}' '
+	git checkout follower &&
 	git checkout from-master2 &&
 	git config branch.from-master2.merge > expect2 &&
-	git branch --set-upstream @{-1} follower &&
+	git branch --set-upstream-to @{-1} from-master &&
 	git config branch.from-master.merge > actual &&
 	git config branch.from-master2.merge > actual2 &&
-	git branch --set-upstream from-master follower &&
+	git branch --set-upstream-to follower from-master &&
 	git config branch.from-master.merge > expect &&
 	test_cmp expect2 actual2 &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
diff --git a/t/t6041-bisect-submodule.sh b/t/t6041-bisect-submodule.sh
index c6b7aa6977..62b8a2e7bb 100755
--- a/t/t6041-bisect-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t6041-bisect-submodule.sh
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ test_description='bisect can handle submodules'
 git_bisect () {
 	git status -su >expect &&
 	ls -1pR * >>expect &&
-	tar czf "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/tmp.tgz" * &&
+	tar cf "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/tmp.tar" * &&
 	GOOD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	git checkout "$1" &&
 	echo "foo" >bar &&
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ git_bisect () {
 	git bisect start &&
 	git bisect good $GOOD &&
 	rm -rf * &&
-	tar xzf "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/tmp.tgz" &&
+	tar xf "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/tmp.tar" &&
 	git status -su >actual &&
 	ls -1pR * >>actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
diff --git a/t/t6042-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh b/t/t6042-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh
index 411550d2b6..b97aca7fa2 100755
--- a/t/t6042-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh
+++ b/t/t6042-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh
@@ -6,31 +6,40 @@ test_description="recursive merge corner cases w/ renames but not criss-crosses"
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'setup rename/delete + untracked file' '
-	echo "A pretty inscription" >ring &&
-	git add ring &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m beginning &&
-
-	git branch people &&
-	git checkout -b rename-the-ring &&
-	git mv ring one-ring-to-rule-them-all &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m fullname &&
-
-	git checkout people &&
-	git rm ring &&
-	echo gollum >owner &&
-	git add owner &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m track-people-instead-of-objects &&
-	echo "Myyy PRECIOUSSS" >ring
+	test_create_repo rename-delete-untracked &&
+	(
+		cd rename-delete-untracked &&
+
+		echo "A pretty inscription" >ring &&
+		git add ring &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m beginning &&
+
+		git branch people &&
+		git checkout -b rename-the-ring &&
+		git mv ring one-ring-to-rule-them-all &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m fullname &&
+
+		git checkout people &&
+		git rm ring &&
+		echo gollum >owner &&
+		git add owner &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m track-people-instead-of-objects &&
+		echo "Myyy PRECIOUSSS" >ring
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success "Does git preserve Gollum's precious artifact?" '
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive rename-the-ring &&
+	(
+		cd rename-delete-untracked &&
 
-	# Make sure git did not delete an untracked file
-	test -f ring
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive rename-the-ring &&
+
+		# Make sure git did not delete an untracked file
+		test_path_is_file ring
+	)
 '
 
 # Testcase setup for rename/modify/add-source:
@@ -41,96 +50,125 @@ test_expect_success "Does git preserve Gollum's precious artifact?" '
 # We should be able to merge B & C cleanly
 
 test_expect_success 'setup rename/modify/add-source conflict' '
-	git rm -rf . &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n" >a &&
-	git add a &&
-	git commit -m A &&
-	git tag A &&
-
-	git checkout -b B A &&
-	echo 8 >>a &&
-	git add a &&
-	git commit -m B &&
-
-	git checkout -b C A &&
-	git mv a b &&
-	echo something completely different >a &&
-	git add a &&
-	git commit -m C
+	test_create_repo rename-modify-add-source &&
+	(
+		cd rename-modify-add-source &&
+
+		printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n" >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b B A &&
+		echo 8 >>a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout -b C A &&
+		git mv a b &&
+		echo something completely different >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m C
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_failure 'rename/modify/add-source conflict resolvable' '
-	git checkout B^0 &&
+	(
+		cd rename-modify-add-source &&
 
-	git merge -s recursive C^0 &&
+		git checkout B^0 &&
 
-	test $(git rev-parse B:a) = $(git rev-parse b) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse C:a) = $(git rev-parse a)
+		git merge -s recursive C^0 &&
+
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			B:a   C:a     &&
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			b     c       &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup resolvable conflict missed if rename missed' '
-	git rm -rf . &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n" >a &&
-	echo foo >b &&
-	git add a b &&
-	git commit -m A &&
-	git tag A &&
-
-	git checkout -b B A &&
-	git mv a c &&
-	echo "Completely different content" >a &&
-	git add a &&
-	git commit -m B &&
-
-	git checkout -b C A &&
-	echo 6 >>a &&
-	git add a &&
-	git commit -m C
+	test_create_repo break-detection-1 &&
+	(
+		cd break-detection-1 &&
+
+		printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n" >a &&
+		echo foo >b &&
+		git add a b &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b B A &&
+		git mv a c &&
+		echo "Completely different content" >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout -b C A &&
+		echo 6 >>a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m C
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_failure 'conflict caused if rename not detected' '
-	git checkout -q C^0 &&
-	git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
-
-	test 3 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
-
-	test_line_count = 6 c &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD:a) = $(git rev-parse B:a) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD:b) = $(git rev-parse A:b)
+	(
+		cd break-detection-1 &&
+
+		git checkout -q C^0 &&
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		test_line_count = 6 c &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			B:a   A:b     &&
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:a  :0:b    &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup conflict resolved wrong if rename missed' '
-	git reset --hard &&
-	git clean -f &&
-
-	git checkout -b D A &&
-	echo 7 >>a &&
-	git add a &&
-	git mv a c &&
-	echo "Completely different content" >a &&
-	git add a &&
-	git commit -m D &&
-
-	git checkout -b E A &&
-	git rm a &&
-	echo "Completely different content" >>a &&
-	git add a &&
-	git commit -m E
+	test_create_repo break-detection-2 &&
+	(
+		cd break-detection-2 &&
+
+		printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n" >a &&
+		echo foo >b &&
+		git add a b &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b D A &&
+		echo 7 >>a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git mv a c &&
+		echo "Completely different content" >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m D &&
+
+		git checkout -b E A &&
+		git rm a &&
+		echo "Completely different content" >>a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m E
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_failure 'missed conflict if rename not detected' '
-	git checkout -q E^0 &&
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive D^0
+	(
+		cd break-detection-2 &&
+
+		git checkout -q E^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive D^0
+	)
 '
 
 # Tests for undetected rename/add-source causing a file to erroneously be
@@ -145,198 +183,232 @@ test_expect_failure 'missed conflict if rename not detected' '
 #   Commit C: rename a->b, add unrelated a
 
 test_expect_success 'setup undetected rename/add-source causes data loss' '
-	git rm -rf . &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n" >a &&
-	git add a &&
-	git commit -m A &&
-	git tag A &&
-
-	git checkout -b B A &&
-	git mv a b &&
-	git commit -m B &&
-
-	git checkout -b C A &&
-	git mv a b &&
-	echo foobar >a &&
-	git add a &&
-	git commit -m C
+	test_create_repo break-detection-3 &&
+	(
+		cd break-detection-3 &&
+
+		printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n" >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b B A &&
+		git mv a b &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout -b C A &&
+		git mv a b &&
+		echo foobar >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m C
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_failure 'detect rename/add-source and preserve all data' '
-	git checkout B^0 &&
+	(
+		cd break-detection-3 &&
 
-	git merge -s recursive C^0 &&
+		git checkout B^0 &&
 
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
+		git merge -s recursive C^0 &&
 
-	test -f a &&
-	test -f b &&
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
 
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD:b) = $(git rev-parse A:a) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD:a) = $(git rev-parse C:a)
+		test_path_is_file a &&
+		test_path_is_file b &&
+
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			A:a   C:a     &&
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:b  :0:a    &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_failure 'detect rename/add-source and preserve all data, merge other way' '
-	git checkout C^0 &&
+	(
+		cd break-detection-3 &&
+
+		git checkout C^0 &&
 
-	git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
 
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
 
-	test -f a &&
-	test -f b &&
+		test_path_is_file a &&
+		test_path_is_file b &&
 
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD:b) = $(git rev-parse A:a) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD:a) = $(git rev-parse C:a)
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			A:a   C:a     &&
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:b  :0:a    &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup content merge + rename/directory conflict' '
-	git rm -rf . &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n" >file &&
-	git add file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m base &&
-	git tag base &&
-
-	git checkout -b right &&
-	echo 7 >>file &&
-	mkdir newfile &&
-	echo junk >newfile/realfile &&
-	git add file newfile/realfile &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m right &&
-
-	git checkout -b left-conflict base &&
-	echo 8 >>file &&
-	git add file &&
-	git mv file newfile &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m left &&
-
-	git checkout -b left-clean base &&
-	echo 0 >newfile &&
-	cat file >>newfile &&
-	git add newfile &&
-	git rm file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m left
+	test_create_repo rename-directory-1 &&
+	(
+		cd rename-directory-1 &&
+
+		printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n" >file &&
+		git add file &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m base &&
+		git tag base &&
+
+		git checkout -b right &&
+		echo 7 >>file &&
+		mkdir newfile &&
+		echo junk >newfile/realfile &&
+		git add file newfile/realfile &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m right &&
+
+		git checkout -b left-conflict base &&
+		echo 8 >>file &&
+		git add file &&
+		git mv file newfile &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m left &&
+
+		git checkout -b left-clean base &&
+		echo 0 >newfile &&
+		cat file >>newfile &&
+		git add newfile &&
+		git rm file &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m left
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rename/directory conflict + clean content merge' '
-	git reset --hard &&
-	git reset --hard &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
+	(
+		cd rename-directory-1 &&
 
-	git checkout left-clean^0 &&
+		git checkout left-clean^0 &&
 
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive right^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive right^0 &&
 
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 1 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 1 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
 
-	echo 0 >expect &&
-	git cat-file -p base:file >>expect &&
-	echo 7 >>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect newfile~HEAD &&
+		echo 0 >expect &&
+		git cat-file -p base:file >>expect &&
+		echo 7 >>expect &&
+		test_cmp expect newfile~HEAD &&
 
-	test $(git rev-parse :2:newfile) = $(git hash-object expect) &&
+		test $(git rev-parse :2:newfile) = $(git hash-object expect) &&
 
-	test -f newfile/realfile &&
-	test -f newfile~HEAD
+		test_path_is_file newfile/realfile &&
+		test_path_is_file newfile~HEAD
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rename/directory conflict + content merge conflict' '
-	git reset --hard &&
-	git reset --hard &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-
-	git checkout left-conflict^0 &&
-
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive right^0 &&
-
-	test 4 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 3 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 1 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
-
-	git cat-file -p left-conflict:newfile >left &&
-	git cat-file -p base:file    >base &&
-	git cat-file -p right:file   >right &&
-	test_must_fail git merge-file \
-		-L "HEAD:newfile" \
-		-L "" \
-		-L "right^0:file" \
-		left base right &&
-	test_cmp left newfile~HEAD &&
-
-	test $(git rev-parse :1:newfile) = $(git rev-parse base:file) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :2:newfile) = $(git rev-parse left-conflict:newfile) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :3:newfile) = $(git rev-parse right:file) &&
-
-	test -f newfile/realfile &&
-	test -f newfile~HEAD
+	(
+		cd rename-directory-1 &&
+
+		git reset --hard &&
+		git clean -fdqx &&
+
+		git checkout left-conflict^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive right^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+
+		git cat-file -p left-conflict:newfile >left &&
+		git cat-file -p base:file    >base &&
+		git cat-file -p right:file   >right &&
+		test_must_fail git merge-file \
+			-L "HEAD:newfile" \
+			-L "" \
+			-L "right^0:file" \
+			left base right &&
+		test_cmp left newfile~HEAD &&
+
+		git rev-parse >expect                                 \
+			base:file   left-conflict:newfile  right:file &&
+		git rev-parse >actual                                 \
+			:1:newfile  :2:newfile             :3:newfile &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_path_is_file newfile/realfile &&
+		test_path_is_file newfile~HEAD
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup content merge + rename/directory conflict w/ disappearing dir' '
-	git reset --hard &&
-	git rm -rf . &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	mkdir sub &&
-	printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n" >sub/file &&
-	git add sub/file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m base &&
-	git tag base &&
-
-	git checkout -b right &&
-	echo 7 >>sub/file &&
-	git add sub/file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m right &&
-
-	git checkout -b left base &&
-	echo 0 >newfile &&
-	cat sub/file >>newfile &&
-	git rm sub/file &&
-	mv newfile sub &&
-	git add sub &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m left
+	test_create_repo rename-directory-2 &&
+	(
+		cd rename-directory-2 &&
+
+		mkdir sub &&
+		printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n" >sub/file &&
+		git add sub/file &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m base &&
+		git tag base &&
+
+		git checkout -b right &&
+		echo 7 >>sub/file &&
+		git add sub/file &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m right &&
+
+		git checkout -b left base &&
+		echo 0 >newfile &&
+		cat sub/file >>newfile &&
+		git rm sub/file &&
+		mv newfile sub &&
+		git add sub &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m left
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'disappearing dir in rename/directory conflict handled' '
-	git reset --hard &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
+	(
+		cd rename-directory-2 &&
 
-	git checkout left^0 &&
+		git checkout left^0 &&
 
-	git merge -s recursive right^0 &&
+		git merge -s recursive right^0 &&
 
-	test 1 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
 
-	echo 0 >expect &&
-	git cat-file -p base:sub/file >>expect &&
-	echo 7 >>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect sub &&
+		echo 0 >expect &&
+		git cat-file -p base:sub/file >>expect &&
+		echo 7 >>expect &&
+		test_cmp expect sub &&
 
-	test -f sub
+		test_path_is_file sub
+	)
 '
 
 # Test for all kinds of things that can go wrong with rename/rename (2to1):
@@ -352,48 +424,59 @@ test_expect_success 'disappearing dir in rename/directory conflict handled' '
 #   * Nothing else should be present.  Is anything?
 
 test_expect_success 'setup rename/rename (2to1) + modify/modify' '
-	git rm -rf . &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n" >a &&
-	printf "5\n4\n3\n2\n1\n" >b &&
-	git add a b &&
-	git commit -m A &&
-	git tag A &&
-
-	git checkout -b B A &&
-	git mv a c &&
-	echo 0 >>b &&
-	git add b &&
-	git commit -m B &&
-
-	git checkout -b C A &&
-	git mv b c &&
-	echo 6 >>a &&
-	git add a &&
-	git commit -m C
+	test_create_repo rename-rename-2to1 &&
+	(
+		cd rename-rename-2to1 &&
+
+		printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n" >a &&
+		printf "5\n4\n3\n2\n1\n" >b &&
+		git add a b &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b B A &&
+		git mv a c &&
+		echo 0 >>b &&
+		git add b &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout -b C A &&
+		git mv b c &&
+		echo 6 >>a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m C
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'handle rename/rename (2to1) conflict correctly' '
-	git checkout B^0 &&
-
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive C^0 >out &&
-	test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/rename)" out &&
-
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -u c | wc -l) &&
-	test 3 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
-
-	test ! -f a &&
-	test ! -f b &&
-	test -f c~HEAD &&
-	test -f c~C^0 &&
-
-	test $(git hash-object c~HEAD) = $(git rev-parse C:a) &&
-	test $(git hash-object c~C^0) = $(git rev-parse B:b)
+	(
+		cd rename-rename-2to1 &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive C^0 >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/rename)" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -u c >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+
+		test_path_is_missing a &&
+		test_path_is_missing b &&
+		test_path_is_file c~HEAD &&
+		test_path_is_file c~C^0 &&
+
+		git rev-parse >expect   \
+			C:a     B:b     &&
+		git hash-object >actual \
+			c~HEAD  c~C^0   &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
 # Testcase setup for simple rename/rename (1to2) conflict:
@@ -401,44 +484,53 @@ test_expect_success 'handle rename/rename (2to1) conflict correctly' '
 #   Commit B: rename a->b
 #   Commit C: rename a->c
 test_expect_success 'setup simple rename/rename (1to2) conflict' '
-	git rm -rf . &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	echo stuff >a &&
-	git add a &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m A &&
-	git tag A &&
-
-	git checkout -b B A &&
-	git mv a b &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m B &&
-
-	git checkout -b C A &&
-	git mv a c &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m C
+	test_create_repo rename-rename-1to2 &&
+	(
+		cd rename-rename-1to2 &&
+
+		echo stuff >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b B A &&
+		git mv a b &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout -b C A &&
+		git mv a c &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m C
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge has correct working tree contents' '
-	git checkout C^0 &&
-
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
-
-	test 3 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 3 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
-
-	test $(git rev-parse :1:a) = $(git rev-parse A:a) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :3:b) = $(git rev-parse A:a) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :2:c) = $(git rev-parse A:a) &&
-
-	test ! -f a &&
-	test $(git hash-object b) = $(git rev-parse A:a) &&
-	test $(git hash-object c) = $(git rev-parse A:a)
+	(
+		cd rename-rename-1to2 &&
+
+		git checkout C^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		test_path_is_missing a &&
+		git rev-parse >expect   \
+			A:a   A:a   A:a \
+			A:a   A:a       &&
+		git rev-parse >actual    \
+			:1:a  :3:b  :2:c &&
+		git hash-object >>actual \
+			b     c          &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
 # Testcase setup for rename/rename(1to2)/add-source conflict:
@@ -449,130 +541,400 @@ test_expect_success 'merge has correct working tree contents' '
 # Merging of B & C should NOT be clean; there's a rename/rename conflict
 
 test_expect_success 'setup rename/rename(1to2)/add-source conflict' '
-	git rm -rf . &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n" >a &&
-	git add a &&
-	git commit -m A &&
-	git tag A &&
-
-	git checkout -b B A &&
-	git mv a b &&
-	git commit -m B &&
-
-	git checkout -b C A &&
-	git mv a c &&
-	echo something completely different >a &&
-	git add a &&
-	git commit -m C
+	test_create_repo rename-rename-1to2-add-source-1 &&
+	(
+		cd rename-rename-1to2-add-source-1 &&
+
+		printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n" >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m A &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b B A &&
+		git mv a b &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout -b C A &&
+		git mv a c &&
+		echo something completely different >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m C
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_failure 'detect conflict with rename/rename(1to2)/add-source merge' '
-	git checkout B^0 &&
+	(
+		cd rename-rename-1to2-add-source-1 &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
 
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive C^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive C^0 &&
 
-	test 4 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
 
-	test $(git rev-parse 3:a) = $(git rev-parse C:a) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse 1:a) = $(git rev-parse A:a) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse 2:b) = $(git rev-parse B:b) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse 3:c) = $(git rev-parse C:c) &&
+		git rev-parse >expect         \
+			C:a   A:a   B:b   C:C &&
+		git rev-parse >actual          \
+			:3:a  :1:a  :2:b  :3:c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
 
-	test -f a &&
-	test -f b &&
-	test -f c
+		test_path_is_file a &&
+		test_path_is_file b &&
+		test_path_is_file c
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup rename/rename(1to2)/add-source resolvable conflict' '
-	git rm -rf . &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	>a &&
-	git add a &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m base &&
-	git tag A &&
-
-	git checkout -b B A &&
-	git mv a b &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m one &&
-
-	git checkout -b C A &&
-	git mv a b &&
-	echo important-info >a &&
-	git add a &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m two
+	test_create_repo rename-rename-1to2-add-source-2 &&
+	(
+		cd rename-rename-1to2-add-source-2 &&
+
+		>a &&
+		git add a &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m base &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b B A &&
+		git mv a b &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m one &&
+
+		git checkout -b C A &&
+		git mv a b &&
+		echo important-info >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m two
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_failure 'rename/rename/add-source still tracks new a file' '
-	git checkout C^0 &&
-	git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
-
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
-
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD:a) = $(git rev-parse C:a) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse HEAD:b) = $(git rev-parse A:a)
+	(
+		cd rename-rename-1to2-add-source-2 &&
+
+		git checkout C^0 &&
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			C:a   A:a     &&
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:a  :0:b    &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup rename/rename(1to2)/add-dest conflict' '
-	git rm -rf . &&
-	git clean -fdqx &&
-	rm -rf .git &&
-	git init &&
-
-	echo stuff >a &&
-	git add a &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m base &&
-	git tag A &&
-
-	git checkout -b B A &&
-	git mv a b &&
-	echo precious-data >c &&
-	git add c &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m one &&
-
-	git checkout -b C A &&
-	git mv a c &&
-	echo important-info >b &&
-	git add b &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m two
+	test_create_repo rename-rename-1to2-add-dest &&
+	(
+		cd rename-rename-1to2-add-dest &&
+
+		echo stuff >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m base &&
+		git tag A &&
+
+		git checkout -b B A &&
+		git mv a b &&
+		echo precious-data >c &&
+		git add c &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m one &&
+
+		git checkout -b C A &&
+		git mv a c &&
+		echo important-info >b &&
+		git add b &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m two
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rename/rename/add-dest merge still knows about conflicting file versions' '
-	git checkout C^0 &&
-	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
-
-	test 5 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -u b | wc -l) &&
-	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -u c | wc -l) &&
-	test 4 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
-
-	test $(git rev-parse :1:a) = $(git rev-parse A:a) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :2:b) = $(git rev-parse C:b) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :3:b) = $(git rev-parse B:b) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :2:c) = $(git rev-parse C:c) &&
-	test $(git rev-parse :3:c) = $(git rev-parse B:c) &&
-
-	test $(git hash-object c~HEAD) = $(git rev-parse C:c) &&
-	test $(git hash-object c~B\^0) = $(git rev-parse B:c) &&
-	test $(git hash-object b~HEAD) = $(git rev-parse C:b) &&
-	test $(git hash-object b~B\^0) = $(git rev-parse B:b) &&
-
-	test ! -f b &&
-	test ! -f c
+	(
+		cd rename-rename-1to2-add-dest &&
+
+		git checkout C^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 5 out &&
+		git ls-files -u b >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -u c >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 5 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >expect               \
+			A:a   C:b   B:b   C:c   B:c &&
+		git rev-parse >actual                \
+			:1:a  :2:b  :3:b  :2:c  :3:c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git rev-parse >expect               \
+			C:c     B:c     C:b     B:b &&
+		git hash-object >actual                \
+			c~HEAD  c~B\^0  b~HEAD  b~B\^0 &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_path_is_missing b &&
+		test_path_is_missing c
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase rad, rename/add/delete
+#   Commit O: foo
+#   Commit A: rm foo, add different bar
+#   Commit B: rename foo->bar
+#   Expected: CONFLICT (rename/add/delete), two-way merged bar
+
+test_expect_success 'rad-setup: rename/add/delete conflict' '
+	test_create_repo rad &&
+	(
+		cd rad &&
+		echo "original file" >foo &&
+		git add foo &&
+		git commit -m "original" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git rm foo &&
+		echo "different file" >bar &&
+		git add bar &&
+		git commit -m "Remove foo, add bar" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv foo bar &&
+		git commit -m "rename foo to bar"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'rad-check: rename/add/delete conflict' '
+	(
+		cd rad &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive A^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		# Not sure whether the output should contain just one
+		# "CONFLICT (rename/add/delete)" line, or if it should break
+		# it into a pair of "CONFLICT (rename/delete)" and
+		# "CONFLICT (rename/add)"; allow for either.
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename.*add)" out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename.*delete)" out &&
+		test_must_be_empty err &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >file_count &&
+		test_line_count = 2 file_count &&
+		git ls-files -u >file_count &&
+		test_line_count = 2 file_count &&
+		git ls-files -o >file_count &&
+		test_line_count = 2 file_count &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:2:bar :3:bar &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			B:bar  A:bar  &&
+
+		test_cmp file_is_missing foo &&
+		# bar should have two-way merged contents of the different
+		# versions of bar; check that content from both sides is
+		# present.
+		grep original bar &&
+		grep different bar
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase rrdd, rename/rename(2to1)/delete/delete
+#   Commit O: foo, bar
+#   Commit A: rename foo->baz, rm bar
+#   Commit B: rename bar->baz, rm foo
+#   Expected: CONFLICT (rename/rename/delete/delete), two-way merged baz
+
+test_expect_success 'rrdd-setup: rename/rename(2to1)/delete/delete conflict' '
+	test_create_repo rrdd &&
+	(
+		cd rrdd &&
+		echo foo >foo &&
+		echo bar >bar &&
+		git add foo bar &&
+		git commit -m O &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv foo baz &&
+		git rm bar &&
+		git commit -m "Rename foo, remove bar" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv bar baz &&
+		git rm foo &&
+		git commit -m "Rename bar, remove foo"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'rrdd-check: rename/rename(2to1)/delete/delete conflict' '
+	(
+		cd rrdd &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		# Not sure whether the output should contain just one
+		# "CONFLICT (rename/rename/delete/delete)" line, or if it
+		# should break it into three: "CONFLICT (rename/rename)" and
+		# two "CONFLICT (rename/delete)" lines; allow for either.
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/rename)" out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename.*delete)" out &&
+		test_must_be_empty err &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >file_count &&
+		test_line_count = 2 file_count &&
+		git ls-files -u >file_count &&
+		test_line_count = 2 file_count &&
+		git ls-files -o >file_count &&
+		test_line_count = 2 file_count &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:2:baz :3:baz &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:foo  O:bar  &&
+
+		test_cmp file_is_missing foo &&
+		test_cmp file_is_missing bar &&
+		# baz should have two-way merged contents of the original
+		# contents of foo and bar; check that content from both sides
+		# is present.
+		grep foo baz &&
+		grep bar baz
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase mod6, chains of rename/rename(1to2) and rename/rename(2to1)
+#   Commit O: one,      three,       five
+#   Commit A: one->two, three->four, five->six
+#   Commit B: one->six, three->two,  five->four
+#   Expected: six CONFLICT(rename/rename) messages, each path in two of the
+#             multi-way merged contents found in two, four, six
+
+test_expect_success 'mod6-setup: chains of rename/rename(1to2) and rename/rename(2to1)' '
+	test_create_repo mod6 &&
+	(
+		cd mod6 &&
+		test_seq 11 19 >one &&
+		test_seq 31 39 >three &&
+		test_seq 51 59 >five &&
+		git add . &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		test_seq 10 19 >one &&
+		echo 40        >>three &&
+		git add one three &&
+		git mv  one   two  &&
+		git mv  three four &&
+		git mv  five  six  &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		echo 20    >>one       &&
+		echo forty >>three     &&
+		echo 60    >>five      &&
+		git add one three five &&
+		git mv  one   six  &&
+		git mv  three two  &&
+		git mv  five  four &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'mod6-check: chains of rename/rename(1to2) and rename/rename(2to1)' '
+	(
+		cd mod6 &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/rename)" out &&
+		test_must_be_empty err &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >file_count &&
+		test_line_count = 6 file_count &&
+		git ls-files -u >file_count &&
+		test_line_count = 6 file_count &&
+		git ls-files -o >file_count &&
+		test_line_count = 3 file_count &&
+
+		test_seq 10 20 >merged-one &&
+		test_seq 51 60 >merged-five &&
+		# Determine what the merge of three would give us.
+		test_seq 30 40 >three-side-A &&
+		test_seq 31 39 >three-side-B &&
+		echo forty >three-side-B &&
+		>empty &&
+		test_must_fail git merge-file \
+			-L "HEAD" \
+			-L "" \
+			-L "B^0" \
+			three-side-A empty three-side-B &&
+		sed -e "s/^\([<=>]\)/\1\1\1/" three-side-A >merged-three &&
+
+		# Verify the index is as expected
+		git rev-parse >actual         \
+			:2:two       :3:two   \
+			:2:four      :3:four  \
+			:2:six       :3:six   &&
+		git hash-object >expect           \
+			merged-one   merged-three \
+			merged-three merged-five  \
+			merged-five  merged-one   &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git cat-file -p :2:two >expect &&
+		git cat-file -p :3:two >other &&
+		test_must_fail git merge-file    \
+			-L "HEAD"  -L ""  -L "B^0" \
+			expect     empty  other &&
+		test_cmp expect two &&
+
+		git cat-file -p :2:four >expect &&
+		git cat-file -p :3:four >other &&
+		test_must_fail git merge-file    \
+			-L "HEAD"  -L ""  -L "B^0" \
+			expect     empty  other &&
+		test_cmp expect four &&
+
+		git cat-file -p :2:six >expect &&
+		git cat-file -p :3:six >other &&
+		test_must_fail git merge-file    \
+			-L "HEAD"  -L ""  -L "B^0" \
+			expect     empty  other &&
+		test_cmp expect six
+	)
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6043-merge-rename-directories.sh b/t/t6043-merge-rename-directories.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4a71f17edd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6043-merge-rename-directories.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,3998 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="recursive merge with directory renames"
+# includes checking of many corner cases, with a similar methodology to:
+#   t6042: corner cases with renames but not criss-cross merges
+#   t6036: corner cases with both renames and criss-cross merges
+#
+# The setup for all of them, pictorially, is:
+#
+#      A
+#      o
+#     / \
+#  O o   ?
+#     \ /
+#      o
+#      B
+#
+# To help make it easier to follow the flow of tests, they have been
+# divided into sections and each test will start with a quick explanation
+# of what commits O, A, and B contain.
+#
+# Notation:
+#    z/{b,c}   means  files z/b and z/c both exist
+#    x/d_1     means  file x/d exists with content d1.  (Purpose of the
+#                     underscore notation is to differentiate different
+#                     files that might be renamed into each other's paths.)
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+
+###########################################################################
+# SECTION 1: Basic cases we should be able to handle
+###########################################################################
+
+# Testcase 1a, Basic directory rename.
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c}
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c}
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c,d,e/f}
+#   Expected: y/{b,c,d,e/f}
+
+test_expect_success '1a-setup: Simple directory rename detection' '
+	test_create_repo 1a &&
+	(
+		cd 1a &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		echo d >z/d &&
+		mkdir z/e &&
+		echo f >z/e/f &&
+		git add z/d z/e/f &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '1a-check: Simple directory rename detection' '
+	(
+		cd 1a &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/b HEAD:y/c HEAD:y/d HEAD:y/e/f &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b    O:z/c    B:z/d    B:z/e/f &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object y/d >actual &&
+		git rev-parse B:z/d >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:z/d &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:z/e/f &&
+		test_path_is_missing z/d &&
+		test_path_is_missing z/e/f
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 1b, Merge a directory with another
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c},   y/d
+#   Commit A: z/{b,c,e}, y/d
+#   Commit B: y/{b,c,d}
+#   Expected: y/{b,c,d,e}
+
+test_expect_success '1b-setup: Merge a directory with another' '
+	test_create_repo 1b &&
+	(
+		cd 1b &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		mkdir y &&
+		echo d >y/d &&
+		git add z y &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		echo e >z/e &&
+		git add z/e &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv z/b y &&
+		git mv z/c y &&
+		rmdir z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '1b-check: Merge a directory with another' '
+	(
+		cd 1b &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/b HEAD:y/c HEAD:y/d HEAD:y/e &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b    O:z/c    O:y/d    A:z/e &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:z/e
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 1c, Transitive renaming
+#   (Related to testcases 3a and 6d -- when should a transitive rename apply?)
+#   (Related to testcases 9c and 9d -- can transitivity repeat?)
+#   (Related to testcase 12b -- joint-transitivity?)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c},   x/d
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c},   x/d
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c,d}
+#   Expected: y/{b,c,d}  (because x/d -> z/d -> y/d)
+
+test_expect_success '1c-setup: Transitive renaming' '
+	test_create_repo 1c &&
+	(
+		cd 1c &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		mkdir x &&
+		echo d >x/d &&
+		git add z x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv x/d z/d &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '1c-check: Transitive renaming' '
+	(
+		cd 1c &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/b HEAD:y/c HEAD:y/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b    O:z/c    O:x/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:x/d &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:z/d &&
+		test_path_is_missing z/d
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 1d, Directory renames (merging two directories into one new one)
+#              cause a rename/rename(2to1) conflict
+#   (Related to testcases 1c and 7b)
+#   Commit O. z/{b,c},        y/{d,e}
+#   Commit A. x/{b,c},        y/{d,e,m,wham_1}
+#   Commit B. z/{b,c,n,wham_2}, x/{d,e}
+#   Expected: x/{b,c,d,e,m,n}, CONFLICT:(y/wham_1 & z/wham_2 -> x/wham)
+#   Note: y/m & z/n should definitely move into x.  By the same token, both
+#         y/wham_1 & z/wham_2 should too...giving us a conflict.
+
+test_expect_success '1d-setup: Directory renames cause a rename/rename(2to1) conflict' '
+	test_create_repo 1d &&
+	(
+		cd 1d &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		mkdir y &&
+		echo d >y/d &&
+		echo e >y/e &&
+		git add z y &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z x &&
+		echo m >y/m &&
+		echo wham1 >y/wham &&
+		git add y &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv y x &&
+		echo n >z/n &&
+		echo wham2 >z/wham &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '1d-check: Directory renames cause a rename/rename(2to1) conflict' '
+	(
+		cd 1d &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/rename)" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 8 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:x/b :0:x/c :0:x/d :0:x/e :0:x/m :0:x/n &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/b  O:z/c  O:y/d  O:y/e  A:y/m  B:z/n &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse :0:x/wham &&
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:2:x/wham :3:x/wham &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 A:y/wham  B:z/wham &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_path_is_missing x/wham &&
+		test_path_is_file x/wham~HEAD &&
+		test_path_is_file x/wham~B^0 &&
+
+		git hash-object >actual \
+			x/wham~HEAD x/wham~B^0 &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			A:y/wham    B:z/wham &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 1e, Renamed directory, with all filenames being renamed too
+#   (Related to testcases 9f & 9g)
+#   Commit O: z/{oldb,oldc}
+#   Commit A: y/{newb,newc}
+#   Commit B: z/{oldb,oldc,d}
+#   Expected: y/{newb,newc,d}
+
+test_expect_success '1e-setup: Renamed directory, with all files being renamed too' '
+	test_create_repo 1e &&
+	(
+		cd 1e &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/oldb &&
+		echo c >z/oldc &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		mkdir y &&
+		git mv z/oldb y/newb &&
+		git mv z/oldc y/newc &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		echo d >z/d &&
+		git add z/d &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '1e-check: Renamed directory, with all files being renamed too' '
+	(
+		cd 1e &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/newb HEAD:y/newc HEAD:y/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/oldb    O:z/oldc    B:z/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:z/d
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 1f, Split a directory into two other directories
+#   (Related to testcases 3a, all of section 2, and all of section 4)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c,d,e,f}
+#   Commit A: z/{b,c,d,e,f,g}
+#   Commit B: y/{b,c}, x/{d,e,f}
+#   Expected: y/{b,c}, x/{d,e,f,g}
+
+test_expect_success '1f-setup: Split a directory into two other directories' '
+	test_create_repo 1f &&
+	(
+		cd 1f &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		echo d >z/d &&
+		echo e >z/e &&
+		echo f >z/f &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		echo g >z/g &&
+		git add z/g &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		mkdir y &&
+		mkdir x &&
+		git mv z/b y/ &&
+		git mv z/c y/ &&
+		git mv z/d x/ &&
+		git mv z/e x/ &&
+		git mv z/f x/ &&
+		rmdir z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '1f-check: Split a directory into two other directories' '
+	(
+		cd 1f &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 6 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/b HEAD:y/c HEAD:x/d HEAD:x/e HEAD:x/f HEAD:x/g &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b    O:z/c    O:z/d    O:z/e    O:z/f    A:z/g &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		test_path_is_missing z/g &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:z/g
+	)
+'
+
+###########################################################################
+# Rules suggested by testcases in section 1:
+#
+#   We should still detect the directory rename even if it wasn't just
+#   the directory renamed, but the files within it. (see 1b)
+#
+#   If renames split a directory into two or more others, the directory
+#   with the most renames, "wins" (see 1c).  However, see the testcases
+#   in section 2, plus testcases 3a and 4a.
+###########################################################################
+
+
+###########################################################################
+# SECTION 2: Split into multiple directories, with equal number of paths
+#
+# Explore the splitting-a-directory rules a bit; what happens in the
+# edge cases?
+#
+# Note that there is a closely related case of a directory not being
+# split on either side of history, but being renamed differently on
+# each side.  See testcase 8e for that.
+###########################################################################
+
+# Testcase 2a, Directory split into two on one side, with equal numbers of paths
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c}
+#   Commit A: y/b, w/c
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c,d}
+#   Expected: y/b, w/c, z/d, with warning about z/ -> (y/ vs. w/) conflict
+test_expect_success '2a-setup: Directory split into two on one side, with equal numbers of paths' '
+	test_create_repo 2a &&
+	(
+		cd 2a &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		mkdir y &&
+		mkdir w &&
+		git mv z/b y/ &&
+		git mv z/c w/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		echo d >z/d &&
+		git add z/d &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '2a-check: Directory split into two on one side, with equal numbers of paths' '
+	(
+		cd 2a &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT.*directory rename split" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/b :0:w/c :0:z/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/b  O:z/c  B:z/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 2b, Directory split into two on one side, with equal numbers of paths
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c}
+#   Commit A: y/b, w/c
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c}, x/d
+#   Expected: y/b, w/c, x/d; No warning about z/ -> (y/ vs. w/) conflict
+test_expect_success '2b-setup: Directory split into two on one side, with equal numbers of paths' '
+	test_create_repo 2b &&
+	(
+		cd 2b &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		mkdir y &&
+		mkdir w &&
+		git mv z/b y/ &&
+		git mv z/c w/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		mkdir x &&
+		echo d >x/d &&
+		git add x/d &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '2b-check: Directory split into two on one side, with equal numbers of paths' '
+	(
+		cd 2b &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/b :0:w/c :0:x/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/b  O:z/c  B:x/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		test_i18ngrep ! "CONFLICT.*directory rename split" out
+	)
+'
+
+###########################################################################
+# Rules suggested by section 2:
+#
+#   None; the rule was already covered in section 1.  These testcases are
+#   here just to make sure the conflict resolution and necessary warning
+#   messages are handled correctly.
+###########################################################################
+
+
+###########################################################################
+# SECTION 3: Path in question is the source path for some rename already
+#
+# Combining cases from Section 1 and trying to handle them could lead to
+# directory renaming detection being over-applied.  So, this section
+# provides some good testcases to check that the implementation doesn't go
+# too far.
+###########################################################################
+
+# Testcase 3a, Avoid implicit rename if involved as source on other side
+#   (Related to testcases 1c, 1f, and 9h)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c,d}
+#   Commit A: z/{b,c,d} (no change)
+#   Commit B: y/{b,c}, x/d
+#   Expected: y/{b,c}, x/d
+test_expect_success '3a-setup: Avoid implicit rename if involved as source on other side' '
+	test_create_repo 3a &&
+	(
+		cd 3a &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		echo d >z/d &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit --allow-empty -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		mkdir y &&
+		mkdir x &&
+		git mv z/b y/ &&
+		git mv z/c y/ &&
+		git mv z/d x/ &&
+		rmdir z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '3a-check: Avoid implicit rename if involved as source on other side' '
+	(
+		cd 3a &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/b HEAD:y/c HEAD:x/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b    O:z/c    O:z/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 3b, Avoid implicit rename if involved as source on other side
+#   (Related to testcases 5c and 7c, also kind of 1e and 1f)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c,d}
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c}, x/d
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c}, w/d
+#   Expected: y/{b,c}, CONFLICT:(z/d -> x/d vs. w/d)
+#   NOTE: We're particularly checking that since z/d is already involved as
+#         a source in a file rename on the same side of history, that we don't
+#         get it involved in directory rename detection.  If it were, we might
+#         end up with CONFLICT:(z/d -> y/d vs. x/d vs. w/d), i.e. a
+#         rename/rename/rename(1to3) conflict, which is just weird.
+test_expect_success '3b-setup: Avoid implicit rename if involved as source on current side' '
+	test_create_repo 3b &&
+	(
+		cd 3b &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		echo d >z/d &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		mkdir y &&
+		mkdir x &&
+		git mv z/b y/ &&
+		git mv z/c y/ &&
+		git mv z/d x/ &&
+		rmdir z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		mkdir w &&
+		git mv z/d w/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '3b-check: Avoid implicit rename if involved as source on current side' '
+	(
+		cd 3b &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep CONFLICT.*rename/rename.*z/d.*x/d.*w/d out &&
+		test_i18ngrep ! CONFLICT.*rename/rename.*y/d out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 5 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/b :0:y/c :1:z/d :2:x/d :3:w/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/b  O:z/c  O:z/d  O:z/d  O:z/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_path_is_missing z/d &&
+		git hash-object >actual \
+			x/d   w/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/d O:z/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+###########################################################################
+# Rules suggested by section 3:
+#
+#   Avoid directory-rename-detection for a path, if that path is the source
+#   of a rename on either side of a merge.
+###########################################################################
+
+
+###########################################################################
+# SECTION 4: Partially renamed directory; still exists on both sides of merge
+#
+# What if we were to attempt to do directory rename detection when someone
+# "mostly" moved a directory but still left some files around, or,
+# equivalently, fully renamed a directory in one commmit and then recreated
+# that directory in a later commit adding some new files and then tried to
+# merge?
+#
+# It's hard to divine user intent in these cases, because you can make an
+# argument that, depending on the intermediate history of the side being
+# merged, that some users will want files in that directory to
+# automatically be detected and renamed, while users with a different
+# intermediate history wouldn't want that rename to happen.
+#
+# I think that it is best to simply not have directory rename detection
+# apply to such cases.  My reasoning for this is four-fold: (1) it's
+# easiest for users in general to figure out what happened if we don't
+# apply directory rename detection in any such case, (2) it's an easy rule
+# to explain ["We don't do directory rename detection if the directory
+# still exists on both sides of the merge"], (3) we can get some hairy
+# edge/corner cases that would be really confusing and possibly not even
+# representable in the index if we were to even try, and [related to 3] (4)
+# attempting to resolve this issue of divining user intent by examining
+# intermediate history goes against the spirit of three-way merges and is a
+# path towards crazy corner cases that are far more complex than what we're
+# already dealing with.
+#
+# Note that the wording of the rule ("We don't do directory rename
+# detection if the directory still exists on both sides of the merge.")
+# also excludes "renaming" of a directory into a subdirectory of itself
+# (e.g. /some/dir/* -> /some/dir/subdir/*).  It may be possible to carve
+# out an exception for "renaming"-beneath-itself cases without opening
+# weird edge/corner cases for other partial directory renames, but for now
+# we are keeping the rule simple.
+#
+# This section contains a test for a partially-renamed-directory case.
+###########################################################################
+
+# Testcase 4a, Directory split, with original directory still present
+#   (Related to testcase 1f)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c,d,e}
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c,d}, z/e
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c,d,e,f}
+#   Expected: y/{b,c,d}, z/{e,f}
+#   NOTE: Even though most files from z moved to y, we don't want f to follow.
+
+test_expect_success '4a-setup: Directory split, with original directory still present' '
+	test_create_repo 4a &&
+	(
+		cd 4a &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		echo d >z/d &&
+		echo e >z/e &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		mkdir y &&
+		git mv z/b y/ &&
+		git mv z/c y/ &&
+		git mv z/d y/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		echo f >z/f &&
+		git add z/f &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '4a-check: Directory split, with original directory still present' '
+	(
+		cd 4a &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 5 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/b HEAD:y/c HEAD:y/d HEAD:z/e HEAD:z/f &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b    O:z/c    O:z/d    O:z/e    B:z/f &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+###########################################################################
+# Rules suggested by section 4:
+#
+#   Directory-rename-detection should be turned off for any directories (as
+#   a source for renames) that exist on both sides of the merge.  (The "as
+#   a source for renames" clarification is due to cases like 1c where
+#   the target directory exists on both sides and we do want the rename
+#   detection.)  But, sadly, see testcase 8b.
+###########################################################################
+
+
+###########################################################################
+# SECTION 5: Files/directories in the way of subset of to-be-renamed paths
+#
+# Implicitly renaming files due to a detected directory rename could run
+# into problems if there are files or directories in the way of the paths
+# we want to rename.  Explore such cases in this section.
+###########################################################################
+
+# Testcase 5a, Merge directories, other side adds files to original and target
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c},       y/d
+#   Commit A: z/{b,c,e_1,f}, y/{d,e_2}
+#   Commit B: y/{b,c,d}
+#   Expected: z/e_1, y/{b,c,d,e_2,f} + CONFLICT warning
+#   NOTE: While directory rename detection is active here causing z/f to
+#         become y/f, we did not apply this for z/e_1 because that would
+#         give us an add/add conflict for y/e_1 vs y/e_2.  This problem with
+#         this add/add, is that both versions of y/e are from the same side
+#         of history, giving us no way to represent this conflict in the
+#         index.
+
+test_expect_success '5a-setup: Merge directories, other side adds files to original and target' '
+	test_create_repo 5a &&
+	(
+		cd 5a &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		mkdir y &&
+		echo d >y/d &&
+		git add z y &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		echo e1 >z/e &&
+		echo f >z/f &&
+		echo e2 >y/e &&
+		git add z/e z/f y/e &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv z/b y/ &&
+		git mv z/c y/ &&
+		rmdir z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '5a-check: Merge directories, other side adds files to original and target' '
+	(
+		cd 5a &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT.*implicit dir rename" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 6 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/b :0:y/c :0:y/d :0:y/e :0:z/e :0:y/f &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/b  O:z/c  O:y/d  A:y/e  A:z/e  A:z/f &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 5b, Rename/delete in order to get add/add/add conflict
+#   (Related to testcase 8d; these may appear slightly inconsistent to users;
+#    Also related to testcases 7d and 7e)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c,d_1}
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c,d_2}
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c,d_1,e}, y/d_3
+#   Expected: y/{b,c,e}, CONFLICT(add/add: y/d_2 vs. y/d_3)
+#   NOTE: If z/d_1 in commit B were to be involved in dir rename detection, as
+#         we normaly would since z/ is being renamed to y/, then this would be
+#         a rename/delete (z/d_1 -> y/d_1 vs. deleted) AND an add/add/add
+#         conflict of y/d_1 vs. y/d_2 vs. y/d_3.  Add/add/add is not
+#         representable in the index, so the existence of y/d_3 needs to
+#         cause us to bail on directory rename detection for that path, falling
+#         back to git behavior without the directory rename detection.
+
+test_expect_success '5b-setup: Rename/delete in order to get add/add/add conflict' '
+	test_create_repo 5b &&
+	(
+		cd 5b &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		echo d1 >z/d &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git rm z/d &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		echo d2 >y/d &&
+		git add y/d &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		mkdir y &&
+		echo d3 >y/d &&
+		echo e >z/e &&
+		git add y/d z/e &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '5b-check: Rename/delete in order to get add/add/add conflict' '
+	(
+		cd 5b &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (add/add).* y/d" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 5 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/b :0:y/c :0:y/e :2:y/d :3:y/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/b  O:z/c  B:z/e  A:y/d  B:y/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse :1:y/d &&
+		test_path_is_file y/d
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 5c, Transitive rename would cause rename/rename/rename/add/add/add
+#   (Directory rename detection would result in transitive rename vs.
+#    rename/rename(1to2) and turn it into a rename/rename(1to3).  Further,
+#    rename paths conflict with separate adds on the other side)
+#   (Related to testcases 3b and 7c)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c}, x/d_1
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c,d_2}, w/d_1
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c,d_1,e}, w/d_3, y/d_4
+#   Expected: A mess, but only a rename/rename(1to2)/add/add mess.  Use the
+#             presence of y/d_4 in B to avoid doing transitive rename of
+#             x/d_1 -> z/d_1 -> y/d_1, so that the only paths we have at
+#             y/d are y/d_2 and y/d_4.  We still do the move from z/e to y/e,
+#             though, because it doesn't have anything in the way.
+
+test_expect_success '5c-setup: Transitive rename would cause rename/rename/rename/add/add/add' '
+	test_create_repo 5c &&
+	(
+		cd 5c &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		mkdir x &&
+		echo d1 >x/d &&
+		git add z x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		echo d2 >y/d &&
+		git add y/d &&
+		git mv x w &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv x/d z/ &&
+		mkdir w &&
+		mkdir y &&
+		echo d3 >w/d &&
+		echo d4 >y/d &&
+		echo e >z/e &&
+		git add w/ y/ z/e &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '5c-check: Transitive rename would cause rename/rename/rename/add/add/add' '
+	(
+		cd 5c &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/rename).*x/d.*w/d.*z/d" out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (add/add).* y/d" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 9 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 6 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/b :0:y/c :0:y/e &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/b  O:z/c  B:z/e &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse :1:y/d &&
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:2:w/d :3:w/d :1:x/d :2:y/d :3:y/d :3:z/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:x/d  B:w/d  O:x/d  A:y/d  B:y/d  O:x/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object >actual \
+			w/d~HEAD w/d~B^0 z/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:x/d    B:w/d   O:x/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		test_path_is_missing x/d &&
+		test_path_is_file y/d &&
+		grep -q "<<<<" y/d  # conflict markers should be present
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 5d, Directory/file/file conflict due to directory rename
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c}
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c,d_1}
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c,d_2,f}, y/d/e
+#   Expected: y/{b,c,d/e,f}, z/d_2, CONFLICT(file/directory), y/d_1~HEAD
+#   Note: The fact that y/d/ exists in B makes us bail on directory rename
+#         detection for z/d_2, but that doesn't prevent us from applying the
+#         directory rename detection for z/f -> y/f.
+
+test_expect_success '5d-setup: Directory/file/file conflict due to directory rename' '
+	test_create_repo 5d &&
+	(
+		cd 5d &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		echo d1 >y/d &&
+		git add y/d &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		mkdir -p y/d &&
+		echo e >y/d/e &&
+		echo d2 >z/d &&
+		echo f >z/f &&
+		git add y/d/e z/d z/f &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '5d-check: Directory/file/file conflict due to directory rename' '
+	(
+		cd 5d &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (file/directory).*y/d" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 6 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/b :0:y/c :0:z/d :0:y/f :2:y/d :0:y/d/e &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/b  O:z/c  B:z/d  B:z/f  A:y/d  B:y/d/e &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object y/d~HEAD >actual &&
+		git rev-parse A:y/d >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+###########################################################################
+# Rules suggested by section 5:
+#
+#   If a subset of to-be-renamed files have a file or directory in the way,
+#   "turn off" the directory rename for those specific sub-paths, falling
+#   back to old handling.  But, sadly, see testcases 8a and 8b.
+###########################################################################
+
+
+###########################################################################
+# SECTION 6: Same side of the merge was the one that did the rename
+#
+# It may sound obvious that you only want to apply implicit directory
+# renames to directories if the _other_ side of history did the renaming.
+# If you did make an implementation that didn't explicitly enforce this
+# rule, the majority of cases that would fall under this section would
+# also be solved by following the rules from the above sections.  But
+# there are still a few that stick out, so this section covers them just
+# to make sure we also get them right.
+###########################################################################
+
+# Testcase 6a, Tricky rename/delete
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c,d}
+#   Commit A: z/b
+#   Commit B: y/{b,c}, z/d
+#   Expected: y/b, CONFLICT(rename/delete, z/c -> y/c vs. NULL)
+#   Note: We're just checking here that the rename of z/b and z/c to put
+#         them under y/ doesn't accidentally catch z/d and make it look like
+#         it is also involved in a rename/delete conflict.
+
+test_expect_success '6a-setup: Tricky rename/delete' '
+	test_create_repo 6a &&
+	(
+		cd 6a &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		echo d >z/d &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git rm z/c &&
+		git rm z/d &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		mkdir y &&
+		git mv z/b y/ &&
+		git mv z/c y/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '6a-check: Tricky rename/delete' '
+	(
+		cd 6a &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/delete).*z/c.*y/c" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/b :3:y/c &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/b  O:z/c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 6b, Same rename done on both sides
+#   (Related to testcases 6c and 8e)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c}
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c}
+#   Commit B: y/{b,c}, z/d
+#   Expected: y/{b,c}, z/d
+#   Note: If we did directory rename detection here, we'd move z/d into y/,
+#         but B did that rename and still decided to put the file into z/,
+#         so we probably shouldn't apply directory rename detection for it.
+
+test_expect_success '6b-setup: Same rename done on both sides' '
+	test_create_repo 6b &&
+	(
+		cd 6b &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo d >z/d &&
+		git add z/d &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '6b-check: Same rename done on both sides' '
+	(
+		cd 6b &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/b HEAD:y/c HEAD:z/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b    O:z/c    B:z/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 6c, Rename only done on same side
+#   (Related to testcases 6b and 8e)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c}
+#   Commit A: z/{b,c} (no change)
+#   Commit B: y/{b,c}, z/d
+#   Expected: y/{b,c}, z/d
+#   NOTE: Seems obvious, but just checking that the implementation doesn't
+#         "accidentally detect a rename" and give us y/{b,c,d}.
+
+test_expect_success '6c-setup: Rename only done on same side' '
+	test_create_repo 6c &&
+	(
+		cd 6c &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit --allow-empty -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo d >z/d &&
+		git add z/d &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '6c-check: Rename only done on same side' '
+	(
+		cd 6c &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/b HEAD:y/c HEAD:z/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b    O:z/c    B:z/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 6d, We don't always want transitive renaming
+#   (Related to testcase 1c)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c}, x/d
+#   Commit A: z/{b,c}, x/d (no change)
+#   Commit B: y/{b,c}, z/d
+#   Expected: y/{b,c}, z/d
+#   NOTE: Again, this seems obvious but just checking that the implementation
+#         doesn't "accidentally detect a rename" and give us y/{b,c,d}.
+
+test_expect_success '6d-setup: We do not always want transitive renaming' '
+	test_create_repo 6d &&
+	(
+		cd 6d &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		mkdir x &&
+		echo d >x/d &&
+		git add z x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit --allow-empty -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		git mv x z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '6d-check: We do not always want transitive renaming' '
+	(
+		cd 6d &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/b HEAD:y/c HEAD:z/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b    O:z/c    O:x/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 6e, Add/add from one-side
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c}
+#   Commit A: z/{b,c} (no change)
+#   Commit B: y/{b,c,d_1}, z/d_2
+#   Expected: y/{b,c,d_1}, z/d_2
+#   NOTE: Again, this seems obvious but just checking that the implementation
+#         doesn't "accidentally detect a rename" and give us y/{b,c} +
+#         add/add conflict on y/d_1 vs y/d_2.
+
+test_expect_success '6e-setup: Add/add from one side' '
+	test_create_repo 6e &&
+	(
+		cd 6e &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit --allow-empty -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		echo d1 > y/d &&
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo d2 > z/d &&
+		git add y/d z/d &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '6e-check: Add/add from one side' '
+	(
+		cd 6e &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/b HEAD:y/c HEAD:y/d HEAD:z/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b    O:z/c    B:y/d    B:z/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+###########################################################################
+# Rules suggested by section 6:
+#
+#   Only apply implicit directory renames to directories if the other
+#   side of history is the one doing the renaming.
+###########################################################################
+
+
+###########################################################################
+# SECTION 7: More involved Edge/Corner cases
+#
+# The ruleset we have generated in the above sections seems to provide
+# well-defined merges.  But can we find edge/corner cases that either (a)
+# are harder for users to understand, or (b) have a resolution that is
+# non-intuitive or suboptimal?
+#
+# The testcases in this section dive into cases that I've tried to craft in
+# a way to find some that might be surprising to users or difficult for
+# them to understand (the next section will look at non-intuitive or
+# suboptimal merge results).  Some of the testcases are similar to ones
+# from past sections, but have been simplified to try to highlight error
+# messages using a "modified" path (due to the directory rename).  Are
+# users okay with these?
+#
+# In my opinion, testcases that are difficult to understand from this
+# section is due to difficulty in the testcase rather than the directory
+# renaming (similar to how t6042 and t6036 have difficult resolutions due
+# to the problem setup itself being complex).  And I don't think the
+# error messages are a problem.
+#
+# On the other hand, the testcases in section 8 worry me slightly more...
+###########################################################################
+
+# Testcase 7a, rename-dir vs. rename-dir (NOT split evenly) PLUS add-other-file
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c}
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c}
+#   Commit B: w/b, x/c, z/d
+#   Expected: y/d, CONFLICT(rename/rename for both z/b and z/c)
+#   NOTE: There's a rename of z/ here, y/ has more renames, so z/d -> y/d.
+
+test_expect_success '7a-setup: rename-dir vs. rename-dir (NOT split evenly) PLUS add-other-file' '
+	test_create_repo 7a &&
+	(
+		cd 7a &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		mkdir w &&
+		mkdir x &&
+		git mv z/b w/ &&
+		git mv z/c x/ &&
+		echo d > z/d &&
+		git add z/d &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '7a-check: rename-dir vs. rename-dir (NOT split evenly) PLUS add-other-file' '
+	(
+		cd 7a &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/rename).*z/b.*y/b.*w/b" out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/rename).*z/c.*y/c.*x/c" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 7 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 6 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:1:z/b :2:y/b :3:w/b :1:z/c :2:y/c :3:x/c :0:y/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/b  O:z/b  O:z/b  O:z/c  O:z/c  O:z/c  B:z/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object >actual \
+			y/b   w/b   y/c   x/c &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b O:z/b O:z/c O:z/c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 7b, rename/rename(2to1), but only due to transitive rename
+#   (Related to testcase 1d)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c},     x/d_1, w/d_2
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c,d_2}, x/d_1
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c,d_1},        w/d_2
+#   Expected: y/{b,c}, CONFLICT(rename/rename(2to1): x/d_1, w/d_2 -> y_d)
+
+test_expect_success '7b-setup: rename/rename(2to1), but only due to transitive rename' '
+	test_create_repo 7b &&
+	(
+		cd 7b &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		mkdir x &&
+		mkdir w &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		echo d1 > x/d &&
+		echo d2 > w/d &&
+		git add z x w &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		git mv w/d y/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv x/d z/ &&
+		rmdir x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '7b-check: rename/rename(2to1), but only due to transitive rename' '
+	(
+		cd 7b &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/rename)" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/b :0:y/c :2:y/d :3:y/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/b  O:z/c  O:w/d  O:x/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_path_is_missing y/d &&
+		test_path_is_file y/d~HEAD &&
+		test_path_is_file y/d~B^0 &&
+
+		git hash-object >actual \
+			y/d~HEAD y/d~B^0 &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:w/d    O:x/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 7c, rename/rename(1to...2or3); transitive rename may add complexity
+#   (Related to testcases 3b and 5c)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c}, x/d
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c}, w/d
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c,d}
+#   Expected: y/{b,c}, CONFLICT(x/d -> w/d vs. y/d)
+#   NOTE: z/ was renamed to y/ so we do want to report
+#         neither CONFLICT(x/d -> w/d vs. z/d)
+#         nor CONFLiCT x/d -> w/d vs. y/d vs. z/d)
+
+test_expect_success '7c-setup: rename/rename(1to...2or3); transitive rename may add complexity' '
+	test_create_repo 7c &&
+	(
+		cd 7c &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		mkdir x &&
+		echo d >x/d &&
+		git add z x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		git mv x w &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv x/d z/ &&
+		rmdir x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '7c-check: rename/rename(1to...2or3); transitive rename may add complexity' '
+	(
+		cd 7c &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/rename).*x/d.*w/d.*y/d" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 5 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/b :0:y/c :1:x/d :2:w/d :3:y/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/b  O:z/c  O:x/d  O:x/d  O:x/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 7d, transitive rename involved in rename/delete; how is it reported?
+#   (Related somewhat to testcases 5b and 8d)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c}, x/d
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c}
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c,d}
+#   Expected: y/{b,c}, CONFLICT(delete x/d vs rename to y/d)
+#   NOTE: z->y so NOT CONFLICT(delete x/d vs rename to z/d)
+
+test_expect_success '7d-setup: transitive rename involved in rename/delete; how is it reported?' '
+	test_create_repo 7d &&
+	(
+		cd 7d &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		mkdir x &&
+		echo d >x/d &&
+		git add z x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		git rm -rf x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv x/d z/ &&
+		rmdir x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '7d-check: transitive rename involved in rename/delete; how is it reported?' '
+	(
+		cd 7d &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/delete).*x/d.*y/d" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/b :0:y/c :3:y/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/b  O:z/c  O:x/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 7e, transitive rename in rename/delete AND dirs in the way
+#   (Very similar to 'both rename source and destination involved in D/F conflict' from t6022-merge-rename.sh)
+#   (Also related to testcases 9c and 9d)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c},     x/d_1
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c,d/g}, x/d/f
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c,d_1}
+#   Expected: rename/delete(x/d_1->y/d_1 vs. None) + D/F conflict on y/d
+#             y/{b,c,d/g}, y/d_1~B^0, x/d/f
+
+#   NOTE: The main path of interest here is d_1 and where it ends up, but
+#         this is actually a case that has two potential directory renames
+#         involved and D/F conflict(s), so it makes sense to walk through
+#         each step.
+#
+#         Commit A renames z/ -> y/.  Thus everything that B adds to z/
+#         should be instead moved to y/.  This gives us the D/F conflict on
+#         y/d because x/d_1 -> z/d_1 -> y/d_1 conflicts with y/d/g.
+#
+#         Further, commit B renames x/ -> z/, thus everything A adds to x/
+#         should instead be moved to z/...BUT we removed z/ and renamed it
+#         to y/, so maybe everything should move not from x/ to z/, but
+#         from x/ to z/ to y/.  Doing so might make sense from the logic so
+#         far, but note that commit A had both an x/ and a y/; it did the
+#         renaming of z/ to y/ and created x/d/f and it clearly made these
+#         things separate, so it doesn't make much sense to push these
+#         together.  Doing so is what I'd call a doubly transitive rename;
+#         see testcases 9c and 9d for further discussion of this issue and
+#         how it's resolved.
+
+test_expect_success '7e-setup: transitive rename in rename/delete AND dirs in the way' '
+	test_create_repo 7e &&
+	(
+		cd 7e &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		mkdir x &&
+		echo d1 >x/d &&
+		git add z x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		git rm x/d &&
+		mkdir -p x/d &&
+		mkdir -p y/d &&
+		echo f >x/d/f &&
+		echo g >y/d/g &&
+		git add x/d/f y/d/g &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv x/d z/ &&
+		rmdir x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '7e-check: transitive rename in rename/delete AND dirs in the way' '
+	(
+		cd 7e &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/delete).*x/d.*y/d" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 5 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:x/d/f :0:y/d/g :0:y/b :0:y/c :3:y/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 A:x/d/f  A:y/d/g  O:z/b  O:z/c  O:x/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object y/d~B^0 >actual &&
+		git rev-parse O:x/d >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+###########################################################################
+# SECTION 8: Suboptimal merges
+#
+# As alluded to in the last section, the ruleset we have built up for
+# detecting directory renames unfortunately has some special cases where it
+# results in slightly suboptimal or non-intuitive behavior.  This section
+# explores these cases.
+#
+# To be fair, we already had non-intuitive or suboptimal behavior for most
+# of these cases in git before introducing implicit directory rename
+# detection, but it'd be nice if there was a modified ruleset out there
+# that handled these cases a bit better.
+###########################################################################
+
+# Testcase 8a, Dual-directory rename, one into the others' way
+#   Commit O. x/{a,b},   y/{c,d}
+#   Commit A. x/{a,b,e}, y/{c,d,f}
+#   Commit B. y/{a,b},   z/{c,d}
+#
+# Possible Resolutions:
+#   w/o dir-rename detection: y/{a,b,f},   z/{c,d},   x/e
+#   Currently expected:       y/{a,b,e,f}, z/{c,d}
+#   Optimal:                  y/{a,b,e},   z/{c,d,f}
+#
+# Note: Both x and y got renamed and it'd be nice to detect both, and we do
+# better with directory rename detection than git did without, but the
+# simple rule from section 5 prevents me from handling this as optimally as
+# we potentially could.
+
+test_expect_success '8a-setup: Dual-directory rename, one into the others way' '
+	test_create_repo 8a &&
+	(
+		cd 8a &&
+
+		mkdir x &&
+		mkdir y &&
+		echo a >x/a &&
+		echo b >x/b &&
+		echo c >y/c &&
+		echo d >y/d &&
+		git add x y &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		echo e >x/e &&
+		echo f >y/f &&
+		git add x/e y/f &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv y z &&
+		git mv x y &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '8a-check: Dual-directory rename, one into the others way' '
+	(
+		cd 8a &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 6 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/a HEAD:y/b HEAD:y/e HEAD:y/f HEAD:z/c HEAD:z/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:x/a    O:x/b    A:x/e    A:y/f    O:y/c    O:y/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 8b, Dual-directory rename, one into the others' way, with conflicting filenames
+#   Commit O. x/{a_1,b_1},     y/{a_2,b_2}
+#   Commit A. x/{a_1,b_1,e_1}, y/{a_2,b_2,e_2}
+#   Commit B. y/{a_1,b_1},     z/{a_2,b_2}
+#
+#   w/o dir-rename detection: y/{a_1,b_1,e_2}, z/{a_2,b_2}, x/e_1
+#   Currently expected:       <same>
+#   Scary:                    y/{a_1,b_1},     z/{a_2,b_2}, CONFLICT(add/add, e_1 vs. e_2)
+#   Optimal:                  y/{a_1,b_1,e_1}, z/{a_2,b_2,e_2}
+#
+# Note: Very similar to 8a, except instead of 'e' and 'f' in directories x and
+# y, both are named 'e'.  Without directory rename detection, neither file
+# moves directories.  Implement directory rename detection suboptimally, and
+# you get an add/add conflict, but both files were added in commit A, so this
+# is an add/add conflict where one side of history added both files --
+# something we can't represent in the index.  Obviously, we'd prefer the last
+# resolution, but our previous rules are too coarse to allow it.  Using both
+# the rules from section 4 and section 5 save us from the Scary resolution,
+# making us fall back to pre-directory-rename-detection behavior for both
+# e_1 and e_2.
+
+test_expect_success '8b-setup: Dual-directory rename, one into the others way, with conflicting filenames' '
+	test_create_repo 8b &&
+	(
+		cd 8b &&
+
+		mkdir x &&
+		mkdir y &&
+		echo a1 >x/a &&
+		echo b1 >x/b &&
+		echo a2 >y/a &&
+		echo b2 >y/b &&
+		git add x y &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		echo e1 >x/e &&
+		echo e2 >y/e &&
+		git add x/e y/e &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv y z &&
+		git mv x y &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '8b-check: Dual-directory rename, one into the others way, with conflicting filenames' '
+	(
+		cd 8b &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 6 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/a HEAD:y/b HEAD:z/a HEAD:z/b HEAD:x/e HEAD:y/e &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:x/a    O:x/b    O:y/a    O:y/b    A:x/e    A:y/e &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 8c, modify/delete or rename+modify/delete?
+#   (Related to testcases 5b, 8d, and 9h)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c,d}
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c}
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c,d_modified,e}
+#   Expected: y/{b,c,e}, CONFLICT(modify/delete: on z/d)
+#
+#   Note: It could easily be argued that the correct resolution here is
+#         y/{b,c,e}, CONFLICT(rename/delete: z/d -> y/d vs deleted)
+#         and that the modifed version of d should be present in y/ after
+#         the merge, just marked as conflicted.  Indeed, I previously did
+#         argue that.  But applying directory renames to the side of
+#         history where a file is merely modified results in spurious
+#         rename/rename(1to2) conflicts -- see testcase 9h.  See also
+#         notes in 8d.
+
+test_expect_success '8c-setup: modify/delete or rename+modify/delete?' '
+	test_create_repo 8c &&
+	(
+		cd 8c &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		test_seq 1 10 >z/d &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git rm z/d &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		echo 11 >z/d &&
+		test_chmod +x z/d &&
+		echo e >z/e &&
+		git add z/d z/e &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '8c-check: modify/delete or rename+modify/delete' '
+	(
+		cd 8c &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (modify/delete).* z/d" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 5 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/b :0:y/c :0:y/e :1:z/d :3:z/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/b  O:z/c  B:z/e  O:z/d  B:z/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse :2:z/d &&
+		git ls-files -s z/d | grep ^100755 &&
+		test_path_is_file z/d &&
+		test_path_is_missing y/d
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 8d, rename/delete...or not?
+#   (Related to testcase 5b; these may appear slightly inconsistent to users;
+#    Also related to testcases 7d and 7e)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c,d}
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c}
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c,d,e}
+#   Expected: y/{b,c,e}
+#
+#   Note: It would also be somewhat reasonable to resolve this as
+#             y/{b,c,e}, CONFLICT(rename/delete: x/d -> y/d or deleted)
+#
+#   In this case, I'm leaning towards: commit A was the one that deleted z/d
+#   and it did the rename of z to y, so the two "conflicts" (rename vs.
+#   delete) are both coming from commit A, which is illogical.  Conflicts
+#   during merging are supposed to be about opposite sides doing things
+#   differently.
+
+test_expect_success '8d-setup: rename/delete...or not?' '
+	test_create_repo 8d &&
+	(
+		cd 8d &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		test_seq 1 10 >z/d &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git rm z/d &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		echo e >z/e &&
+		git add z/e &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '8d-check: rename/delete...or not?' '
+	(
+		cd 8d &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/b HEAD:y/c HEAD:y/e &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b    O:z/c    B:z/e &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 8e, Both sides rename, one side adds to original directory
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c}
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c}
+#   Commit B: w/{b,c}, z/d
+#
+# Possible Resolutions:
+#   w/o dir-rename detection: z/d, CONFLICT(z/b -> y/b vs. w/b),
+#                                  CONFLICT(z/c -> y/c vs. w/c)
+#   Currently expected:       y/d, CONFLICT(z/b -> y/b vs. w/b),
+#                                  CONFLICT(z/c -> y/c vs. w/c)
+#   Optimal:                  ??
+#
+# Notes: In commit A, directory z got renamed to y.  In commit B, directory z
+#        did NOT get renamed; the directory is still present; instead it is
+#        considered to have just renamed a subset of paths in directory z
+#        elsewhere.  Therefore, the directory rename done in commit A to z/
+#        applies to z/d and maps it to y/d.
+#
+#        It's possible that users would get confused about this, but what
+#        should we do instead?  Silently leaving at z/d seems just as bad or
+#        maybe even worse.  Perhaps we could print a big warning about z/d
+#        and how we're moving to y/d in this case, but when I started thinking
+#        about the ramifications of doing that, I didn't know how to rule out
+#        that opening other weird edge and corner cases so I just punted.
+
+test_expect_success '8e-setup: Both sides rename, one side adds to original directory' '
+	test_create_repo 8e &&
+	(
+		cd 8e &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv z w &&
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo d >z/d &&
+		git add z/d &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '8e-check: Both sides rename, one side adds to original directory' '
+	(
+		cd 8e &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep CONFLICT.*rename/rename.*z/c.*y/c.*w/c out &&
+		test_i18ngrep CONFLICT.*rename/rename.*z/b.*y/b.*w/b out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 7 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 6 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:1:z/b :2:y/b :3:w/b :1:z/c :2:y/c :3:w/c :0:y/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/b  O:z/b  O:z/b  O:z/c  O:z/c  O:z/c  B:z/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object >actual \
+			y/b   w/b   y/c   w/c &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b O:z/b O:z/c O:z/c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_path_is_missing z/b &&
+		test_path_is_missing z/c
+	)
+'
+
+###########################################################################
+# SECTION 9: Other testcases
+#
+# This section consists of miscellaneous testcases I thought of during
+# the implementation which round out the testing.
+###########################################################################
+
+# Testcase 9a, Inner renamed directory within outer renamed directory
+#   (Related to testcase 1f)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c,d/{e,f,g}}
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c}, x/w/{e,f,g}
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c,d/{e,f,g,h},i}
+#   Expected: y/{b,c,i}, x/w/{e,f,g,h}
+#   NOTE: The only reason this one is interesting is because when a directory
+#         is split into multiple other directories, we determine by the weight
+#         of which one had the most paths going to it.  A naive implementation
+#         of that could take the new file in commit B at z/i to x/w/i or x/i.
+
+test_expect_success '9a-setup: Inner renamed directory within outer renamed directory' '
+	test_create_repo 9a &&
+	(
+		cd 9a &&
+
+		mkdir -p z/d &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		echo e >z/d/e &&
+		echo f >z/d/f &&
+		echo g >z/d/g &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		mkdir x &&
+		git mv z/d x/w &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		echo h >z/d/h &&
+		echo i >z/i &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '9a-check: Inner renamed directory within outer renamed directory' '
+	(
+		cd 9a &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 7 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/b HEAD:y/c HEAD:y/i &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b    O:z/c    B:z/i &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:x/w/e HEAD:x/w/f HEAD:x/w/g HEAD:x/w/h &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/d/e    O:z/d/f    O:z/d/g    B:z/d/h &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 9b, Transitive rename with content merge
+#   (Related to testcase 1c)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c},   x/d_1
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c},   x/d_2
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c,d_3}
+#   Expected: y/{b,c,d_merged}
+
+test_expect_success '9b-setup: Transitive rename with content merge' '
+	test_create_repo 9b &&
+	(
+		cd 9b &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		mkdir x &&
+		test_seq 1 10 >x/d &&
+		git add z x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		test_seq 1 11 >x/d &&
+		git add x/d &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		test_seq 0 10 >x/d &&
+		git mv x/d z/d &&
+		git add z/d &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '9b-check: Transitive rename with content merge' '
+	(
+		cd 9b &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+
+		test_seq 0 11 >expected &&
+		test_cmp expected y/d &&
+		git add expected &&
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/b HEAD:y/c HEAD:y/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b    O:z/c    :0:expected &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:x/d &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:z/d &&
+		test_path_is_missing z/d &&
+
+		test $(git rev-parse HEAD:y/d) != $(git rev-parse O:x/d) &&
+		test $(git rev-parse HEAD:y/d) != $(git rev-parse A:x/d) &&
+		test $(git rev-parse HEAD:y/d) != $(git rev-parse B:z/d)
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 9c, Doubly transitive rename?
+#   (Related to testcase 1c, 7e, and 9d)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c},     x/{d,e},    w/f
+#   Commit A: y/{b,c},     x/{d,e,f,g}
+#   Commit B: z/{b,c,d,e},             w/f
+#   Expected: y/{b,c,d,e}, x/{f,g}
+#
+#   NOTE: x/f and x/g may be slightly confusing here.  The rename from w/f to
+#         x/f is clear.  Let's look beyond that.  Here's the logic:
+#            Commit B renamed x/ -> z/
+#            Commit A renamed z/ -> y/
+#         So, we could possibly further rename x/f to z/f to y/f, a doubly
+#         transient rename.  However, where does it end?  We can chain these
+#         indefinitely (see testcase 9d).  What if there is a D/F conflict
+#         at z/f/ or y/f/?  Or just another file conflict at one of those
+#         paths?  In the case of an N-long chain of transient renamings,
+#         where do we "abort" the rename at?  Can the user make sense of
+#         the resulting conflict and resolve it?
+#
+#         To avoid this confusion I use the simple rule that if the other side
+#         of history did a directory rename to a path that your side renamed
+#         away, then ignore that particular rename from the other side of
+#         history for any implicit directory renames.
+
+test_expect_success '9c-setup: Doubly transitive rename?' '
+	test_create_repo 9c &&
+	(
+		cd 9c &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		mkdir x &&
+		echo d >x/d &&
+		echo e >x/e &&
+		mkdir w &&
+		echo f >w/f &&
+		git add z x w &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		git mv w/f x/ &&
+		echo g >x/g &&
+		git add x/g &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv x/d z/d &&
+		git mv x/e z/e &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '9c-check: Doubly transitive rename?' '
+	(
+		cd 9c &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "WARNING: Avoiding applying x -> z rename to x/f" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 6 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/b HEAD:y/c HEAD:y/d HEAD:y/e HEAD:x/f HEAD:x/g &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b    O:z/c    O:x/d    O:x/e    O:w/f    A:x/g &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 9d, N-fold transitive rename?
+#   (Related to testcase 9c...and 1c and 7e)
+#   Commit O: z/a, y/b, x/c, w/d, v/e, u/f
+#   Commit A:  y/{a,b},  w/{c,d},  u/{e,f}
+#   Commit B: z/{a,t}, x/{b,c}, v/{d,e}, u/f
+#   Expected: <see NOTE first>
+#
+#   NOTE: z/ -> y/ (in commit A)
+#         y/ -> x/ (in commit B)
+#         x/ -> w/ (in commit A)
+#         w/ -> v/ (in commit B)
+#         v/ -> u/ (in commit A)
+#         So, if we add a file to z, say z/t, where should it end up?  In u?
+#         What if there's another file or directory named 't' in one of the
+#         intervening directories and/or in u itself?  Also, shouldn't the
+#         same logic that places 't' in u/ also move ALL other files to u/?
+#         What if there are file or directory conflicts in any of them?  If
+#         we attempted to do N-way (N-fold? N-ary? N-uple?) transitive renames
+#         like this, would the user have any hope of understanding any
+#         conflicts or how their working tree ended up?  I think not, so I'm
+#         ruling out N-ary transitive renames for N>1.
+#
+#   Therefore our expected result is:
+#     z/t, y/a, x/b, w/c, u/d, u/e, u/f
+#   The reason that v/d DOES get transitively renamed to u/d is that u/ isn't
+#   renamed somewhere.  A slightly sub-optimal result, but it uses fairly
+#   simple rules that are consistent with what we need for all the other
+#   testcases and simplifies things for the user.
+
+test_expect_success '9d-setup: N-way transitive rename?' '
+	test_create_repo 9d &&
+	(
+		cd 9d &&
+
+		mkdir z y x w v u &&
+		echo a >z/a &&
+		echo b >y/b &&
+		echo c >x/c &&
+		echo d >w/d &&
+		echo e >v/e &&
+		echo f >u/f &&
+		git add z y x w v u &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z/a y/ &&
+		git mv x/c w/ &&
+		git mv v/e u/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		echo t >z/t &&
+		git mv y/b x/ &&
+		git mv w/d v/ &&
+		git add z/t &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '9d-check: N-way transitive rename?' '
+	(
+		cd 9d &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "WARNING: Avoiding applying z -> y rename to z/t" out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "WARNING: Avoiding applying y -> x rename to y/a" out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "WARNING: Avoiding applying x -> w rename to x/b" out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "WARNING: Avoiding applying w -> v rename to w/c" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 7 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:z/t \
+			HEAD:y/a HEAD:x/b HEAD:w/c \
+			HEAD:u/d HEAD:u/e HEAD:u/f &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			B:z/t    \
+			O:z/a    O:y/b    O:x/c    \
+			O:w/d    O:v/e    A:u/f &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 9e, N-to-1 whammo
+#   (Related to testcase 9c...and 1c and 7e)
+#   Commit O: dir1/{a,b}, dir2/{d,e}, dir3/{g,h}, dirN/{j,k}
+#   Commit A: dir1/{a,b,c,yo}, dir2/{d,e,f,yo}, dir3/{g,h,i,yo}, dirN/{j,k,l,yo}
+#   Commit B: combined/{a,b,d,e,g,h,j,k}
+#   Expected: combined/{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l}, CONFLICT(Nto1) warnings,
+#             dir1/yo, dir2/yo, dir3/yo, dirN/yo
+
+test_expect_success '9e-setup: N-to-1 whammo' '
+	test_create_repo 9e &&
+	(
+		cd 9e &&
+
+		mkdir dir1 dir2 dir3 dirN &&
+		echo a >dir1/a &&
+		echo b >dir1/b &&
+		echo d >dir2/d &&
+		echo e >dir2/e &&
+		echo g >dir3/g &&
+		echo h >dir3/h &&
+		echo j >dirN/j &&
+		echo k >dirN/k &&
+		git add dir* &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		echo c  >dir1/c &&
+		echo yo >dir1/yo &&
+		echo f  >dir2/f &&
+		echo yo >dir2/yo &&
+		echo i  >dir3/i &&
+		echo yo >dir3/yo &&
+		echo l  >dirN/l &&
+		echo yo >dirN/yo &&
+		git add dir* &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv dir1 combined &&
+		git mv dir2/* combined/ &&
+		git mv dir3/* combined/ &&
+		git mv dirN/* combined/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT '9e-check: N-to-1 whammo' '
+	(
+		cd 9e &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out &&
+		grep "CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Cannot map more than one path to combined/yo" out >error_line &&
+		grep -q dir1/yo error_line &&
+		grep -q dir2/yo error_line &&
+		grep -q dir3/yo error_line &&
+		grep -q dirN/yo error_line &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 16 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:combined/a :0:combined/b :0:combined/c \
+			:0:combined/d :0:combined/e :0:combined/f \
+			:0:combined/g :0:combined/h :0:combined/i \
+			:0:combined/j :0:combined/k :0:combined/l &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:dir1/a      O:dir1/b      A:dir1/c \
+			 O:dir2/d      O:dir2/e      A:dir2/f \
+			 O:dir3/g      O:dir3/h      A:dir3/i \
+			 O:dirN/j      O:dirN/k      A:dirN/l &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:dir1/yo :0:dir2/yo :0:dir3/yo :0:dirN/yo &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 A:dir1/yo  A:dir2/yo  A:dir3/yo  A:dirN/yo &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 9f, Renamed directory that only contained immediate subdirs
+#   (Related to testcases 1e & 9g)
+#   Commit O: goal/{a,b}/$more_files
+#   Commit A: priority/{a,b}/$more_files
+#   Commit B: goal/{a,b}/$more_files, goal/c
+#   Expected: priority/{a,b}/$more_files, priority/c
+
+test_expect_success '9f-setup: Renamed directory that only contained immediate subdirs' '
+	test_create_repo 9f &&
+	(
+		cd 9f &&
+
+		mkdir -p goal/a &&
+		mkdir -p goal/b &&
+		echo foo >goal/a/foo &&
+		echo bar >goal/b/bar &&
+		echo baz >goal/b/baz &&
+		git add goal &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv goal/ priority &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		echo c >goal/c &&
+		git add goal/c &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '9f-check: Renamed directory that only contained immediate subdirs' '
+	(
+		cd 9f &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:priority/a/foo \
+			HEAD:priority/b/bar \
+			HEAD:priority/b/baz \
+			HEAD:priority/c &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:goal/a/foo \
+			O:goal/b/bar \
+			O:goal/b/baz \
+			B:goal/c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:goal/c
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 9g, Renamed directory that only contained immediate subdirs, immediate subdirs renamed
+#   (Related to testcases 1e & 9f)
+#   Commit O: goal/{a,b}/$more_files
+#   Commit A: priority/{alpha,bravo}/$more_files
+#   Commit B: goal/{a,b}/$more_files, goal/c
+#   Expected: priority/{alpha,bravo}/$more_files, priority/c
+
+test_expect_success '9g-setup: Renamed directory that only contained immediate subdirs, immediate subdirs renamed' '
+	test_create_repo 9g &&
+	(
+		cd 9g &&
+
+		mkdir -p goal/a &&
+		mkdir -p goal/b &&
+		echo foo >goal/a/foo &&
+		echo bar >goal/b/bar &&
+		echo baz >goal/b/baz &&
+		git add goal &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		mkdir priority &&
+		git mv goal/a/ priority/alpha &&
+		git mv goal/b/ priority/beta &&
+		rmdir goal/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		echo c >goal/c &&
+		git add goal/c &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure '9g-check: Renamed directory that only contained immediate subdirs, immediate subdirs renamed' '
+	(
+		cd 9g &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:priority/alpha/foo \
+			HEAD:priority/beta/bar  \
+			HEAD:priority/beta/baz  \
+			HEAD:priority/c &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:goal/a/foo \
+			O:goal/b/bar \
+			O:goal/b/baz \
+			B:goal/c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:goal/c
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 9h, Avoid implicit rename if involved as source on other side
+#   (Extremely closely related to testcase 3a)
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c,d_1}
+#   Commit A: z/{b,c,d_2}
+#   Commit B: y/{b,c}, x/d_1
+#   Expected: y/{b,c}, x/d_2
+#   NOTE: If we applied the z/ -> y/ rename to z/d, then we'd end up with
+#         a rename/rename(1to2) conflict (z/d -> y/d vs. x/d)
+test_expect_success '9h-setup: Avoid dir rename on merely modified path' '
+	test_create_repo 9h &&
+	(
+		cd 9h &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\nd\n" >z/d &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		test_tick &&
+		echo more >>z/d &&
+		git add z/d &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		mkdir y &&
+		mkdir x &&
+		git mv z/b y/ &&
+		git mv z/c y/ &&
+		git mv z/d x/ &&
+		rmdir z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '9h-check: Avoid dir rename on merely modified path' '
+	(
+		cd 9h &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:y/b HEAD:y/c HEAD:x/d &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b    O:z/c    A:z/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+###########################################################################
+# Rules suggested by section 9:
+#
+#   If the other side of history did a directory rename to a path that your
+#   side renamed away, then ignore that particular rename from the other
+#   side of history for any implicit directory renames.
+###########################################################################
+
+###########################################################################
+# SECTION 10: Handling untracked files
+#
+# unpack_trees(), upon which the recursive merge algorithm is based, aborts
+# the operation if untracked or dirty files would be deleted or overwritten
+# by the merge.  Unfortunately, unpack_trees() does not understand renames,
+# and if it doesn't abort, then it muddies up the working directory before
+# we even get to the point of detecting renames, so we need some special
+# handling, at least in the case of directory renames.
+###########################################################################
+
+# Testcase 10a, Overwrite untracked: normal rename/delete
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c_1}
+#   Commit A: z/b + untracked z/c + untracked z/d
+#   Commit B: z/{b,d_1}
+#   Expected: Aborted Merge +
+#       ERROR_MSG(untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge)
+
+test_expect_success '10a-setup: Overwrite untracked with normal rename/delete' '
+	test_create_repo 10a &&
+	(
+		cd 10a &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git rm z/c &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv z/c z/d &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '10a-check: Overwrite untracked with normal rename/delete' '
+	(
+		cd 10a &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		echo very >z/c &&
+		echo important >z/d &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep "The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge" err &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+
+		echo very >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect z/c &&
+
+		echo important >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect z/d &&
+
+		git rev-parse HEAD:z/b >actual &&
+		git rev-parse O:z/b >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 10b, Overwrite untracked: dir rename + delete
+#   Commit O: z/{b,c_1}
+#   Commit A: y/b + untracked y/{c,d,e}
+#   Commit B: z/{b,d_1,e}
+#   Expected: Failed Merge; y/b + untracked y/c + untracked y/d on disk +
+#             z/c_1 -> z/d_1 rename recorded at stage 3 for y/d +
+#       ERROR_MSG(refusing to lose untracked file at 'y/d')
+
+test_expect_success '10b-setup: Overwrite untracked with dir rename + delete' '
+	test_create_repo 10b &&
+	(
+		cd 10b &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git rm z/c &&
+		git mv z/ y/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv z/c z/d &&
+		echo e >z/e &&
+		git add z/e &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '10b-check: Overwrite untracked with dir rename + delete' '
+	(
+		cd 10b &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		echo very >y/c &&
+		echo important >y/d &&
+		echo contents >y/e &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/delete).*Version B\^0 of y/d left in tree at y/d~B\^0" out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Error: Refusing to lose untracked file at y/e; writing to y/e~B\^0 instead" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 5 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/b :3:y/d :3:y/e &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:z/b  O:z/c  B:z/e &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		echo very >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect y/c &&
+
+		echo important >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect y/d &&
+
+		echo contents >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect y/e
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 10c, Overwrite untracked: dir rename/rename(1to2)
+#   Commit O: z/{a,b}, x/{c,d}
+#   Commit A: y/{a,b}, w/c, x/d + different untracked y/c
+#   Commit B: z/{a,b,c}, x/d
+#   Expected: Failed Merge; y/{a,b} + x/d + untracked y/c +
+#             CONFLICT(rename/rename) x/c -> w/c vs y/c +
+#             y/c~B^0 +
+#             ERROR_MSG(Refusing to lose untracked file at y/c)
+
+test_expect_success '10c-setup: Overwrite untracked with dir rename/rename(1to2)' '
+	test_create_repo 10c &&
+	(
+		cd 10c &&
+
+		mkdir z x &&
+		echo a >z/a &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >x/c &&
+		echo d >x/d &&
+		git add z x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		mkdir w &&
+		git mv x/c w/c &&
+		git mv z/ y/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv x/c z/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '10c-check: Overwrite untracked with dir rename/rename(1to2)' '
+	(
+		cd 10c &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		echo important >y/c &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/rename)" out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Refusing to lose untracked file at y/c; adding as y/c~B\^0 instead" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 6 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/a :0:y/b :0:x/d :1:x/c :2:w/c :3:y/c &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/a  O:z/b  O:x/d  O:x/c  O:x/c  O:x/c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object y/c~B^0 >actual &&
+		git rev-parse O:x/c >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		echo important >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect y/c
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 10d, Delete untracked w/ dir rename/rename(2to1)
+#   Commit O: z/{a,b,c_1},        x/{d,e,f_2}
+#   Commit A: y/{a,b},            x/{d,e,f_2,wham_1} + untracked y/wham
+#   Commit B: z/{a,b,c_1,wham_2}, y/{d,e}
+#   Expected: Failed Merge; y/{a,b,d,e} + untracked y/{wham,wham~B^0,wham~HEAD}+
+#             CONFLICT(rename/rename) z/c_1 vs x/f_2 -> y/wham
+#             ERROR_MSG(Refusing to lose untracked file at y/wham)
+
+test_expect_success '10d-setup: Delete untracked with dir rename/rename(2to1)' '
+	test_create_repo 10d &&
+	(
+		cd 10d &&
+
+		mkdir z x &&
+		echo a >z/a &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		echo d >x/d &&
+		echo e >x/e &&
+		echo f >x/f &&
+		git add z x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z/c x/wham &&
+		git mv z/ y/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv x/f z/wham &&
+		git mv x/ y/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '10d-check: Delete untracked with dir rename/rename(2to1)' '
+	(
+		cd 10d &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		echo important >y/wham &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/rename)" out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Refusing to lose untracked file at y/wham" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 6 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/a :0:y/b :0:y/d :0:y/e :2:y/wham :3:y/wham &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/a  O:z/b  O:x/d  O:x/e  O:z/c     O:x/f &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse :1:y/wham &&
+
+		echo important >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect y/wham &&
+
+		git hash-object >actual \
+			y/wham~B^0 y/wham~HEAD &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:x/f      O:z/c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 10e, Does git complain about untracked file that's not in the way?
+#   Commit O: z/{a,b}
+#   Commit A: y/{a,b} + untracked z/c
+#   Commit B: z/{a,b,c}
+#   Expected: y/{a,b,c} + untracked z/c
+
+test_expect_success '10e-setup: Does git complain about untracked file that is not really in the way?' '
+	test_create_repo 10e &&
+	(
+		cd 10e &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo a >z/a &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z/ y/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		echo c >z/c &&
+		git add z/c &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure '10e-check: Does git complain about untracked file that is not really in the way?' '
+	(
+		cd 10e &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo random >z/c &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep ! "following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge" err &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/a :0:y/b :0:y/c &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/a  O:z/b  B:z/c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		echo random >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect z/c
+	)
+'
+
+###########################################################################
+# SECTION 11: Handling dirty (not up-to-date) files
+#
+# unpack_trees(), upon which the recursive merge algorithm is based, aborts
+# the operation if untracked or dirty files would be deleted or overwritten
+# by the merge.  Unfortunately, unpack_trees() does not understand renames,
+# and if it doesn't abort, then it muddies up the working directory before
+# we even get to the point of detecting renames, so we need some special
+# handling.  This was true even of normal renames, but there are additional
+# codepaths that need special handling with directory renames.  Add
+# testcases for both renamed-by-directory-rename-detection and standard
+# rename cases.
+###########################################################################
+
+# Testcase 11a, Avoid losing dirty contents with simple rename
+#   Commit O: z/{a,b_v1},
+#   Commit A: z/{a,c_v1}, and z/c_v1 has uncommitted mods
+#   Commit B: z/{a,b_v2}
+#   Expected: ERROR_MSG(Refusing to lose dirty file at z/c) +
+#             z/a, staged version of z/c has sha1sum matching B:z/b_v2,
+#             z/c~HEAD with contents of B:z/b_v2,
+#             z/c with uncommitted mods on top of A:z/c_v1
+
+test_expect_success '11a-setup: Avoid losing dirty contents with simple rename' '
+	test_create_repo 11a &&
+	(
+		cd 11a &&
+
+		mkdir z &&
+		echo a >z/a &&
+		test_seq 1 10 >z/b &&
+		git add z &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z/b z/c &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		echo 11 >>z/b &&
+		git add z/b &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '11a-check: Avoid losing dirty contents with simple rename' '
+	(
+		cd 11a &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		echo stuff >>z/c &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Refusing to lose dirty file at z/c" out &&
+
+		test_seq 1 10 >expected &&
+		echo stuff >>expected &&
+		test_cmp expected z/c &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:z/a :2:z/c &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/a  B:z/b &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object z/c~HEAD >actual &&
+		git rev-parse B:z/b >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 11b, Avoid losing dirty file involved in directory rename
+#   Commit O: z/a,         x/{b,c_v1}
+#   Commit A: z/{a,c_v1},  x/b,       and z/c_v1 has uncommitted mods
+#   Commit B: y/a,         x/{b,c_v2}
+#   Expected: y/{a,c_v2}, x/b, z/c_v1 with uncommitted mods untracked,
+#             ERROR_MSG(Refusing to lose dirty file at z/c)
+
+
+test_expect_success '11b-setup: Avoid losing dirty file involved in directory rename' '
+	test_create_repo 11b &&
+	(
+		cd 11b &&
+
+		mkdir z x &&
+		echo a >z/a &&
+		echo b >x/b &&
+		test_seq 1 10 >x/c &&
+		git add z x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv x/c z/c &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		echo 11 >>x/c &&
+		git add x/c &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '11b-check: Avoid losing dirty file involved in directory rename' '
+	(
+		cd 11b &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		echo stuff >>z/c &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Refusing to lose dirty file at z/c" out &&
+
+		grep -q stuff z/c &&
+		test_seq 1 10 >expected &&
+		echo stuff >>expected &&
+		test_cmp expected z/c &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -m >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:x/b :0:y/a :0:y/c &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:x/b  O:z/a  B:x/c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object y/c >actual &&
+		git rev-parse B:x/c >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 11c, Avoid losing not-up-to-date with rename + D/F conflict
+#   Commit O: y/a,         x/{b,c_v1}
+#   Commit A: y/{a,c_v1},  x/b,       and y/c_v1 has uncommitted mods
+#   Commit B: y/{a,c/d},   x/{b,c_v2}
+#   Expected: Abort_msg("following files would be overwritten by merge") +
+#             y/c left untouched (still has uncommitted mods)
+
+test_expect_success '11c-setup: Avoid losing not-uptodate with rename + D/F conflict' '
+	test_create_repo 11c &&
+	(
+		cd 11c &&
+
+		mkdir y x &&
+		echo a >y/a &&
+		echo b >x/b &&
+		test_seq 1 10 >x/c &&
+		git add y x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv x/c y/c &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		mkdir y/c &&
+		echo d >y/c/d &&
+		echo 11 >>x/c &&
+		git add x/c y/c/d &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '11c-check: Avoid losing not-uptodate with rename + D/F conflict' '
+	(
+		cd 11c &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		echo stuff >>y/c &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep "following files would be overwritten by merge" err &&
+
+		grep -q stuff y/c &&
+		test_seq 1 10 >expected &&
+		echo stuff >>expected &&
+		test_cmp expected y/c &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out &&
+		git ls-files -m >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 11d, Avoid losing not-up-to-date with rename + D/F conflict
+#   Commit O: z/a,         x/{b,c_v1}
+#   Commit A: z/{a,c_v1},  x/b,       and z/c_v1 has uncommitted mods
+#   Commit B: y/{a,c/d},   x/{b,c_v2}
+#   Expected: D/F: y/c_v2 vs y/c/d) +
+#             Warning_Msg("Refusing to lose dirty file at z/c) +
+#             y/{a,c~HEAD,c/d}, x/b, now-untracked z/c_v1 with uncommitted mods
+
+test_expect_success '11d-setup: Avoid losing not-uptodate with rename + D/F conflict' '
+	test_create_repo 11d &&
+	(
+		cd 11d &&
+
+		mkdir z x &&
+		echo a >z/a &&
+		echo b >x/b &&
+		test_seq 1 10 >x/c &&
+		git add z x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv x/c z/c &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv z y &&
+		mkdir y/c &&
+		echo d >y/c/d &&
+		echo 11 >>x/c &&
+		git add x/c y/c/d &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '11d-check: Avoid losing not-uptodate with rename + D/F conflict' '
+	(
+		cd 11d &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		echo stuff >>z/c &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Refusing to lose dirty file at z/c" out &&
+
+		grep -q stuff z/c &&
+		test_seq 1 10 >expected &&
+		echo stuff >>expected &&
+		test_cmp expected z/c &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 5 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:x/b :0:y/a :0:y/c/d :3:y/c &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:x/b  O:z/a  B:y/c/d  B:x/c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object y/c~HEAD >actual &&
+		git rev-parse B:x/c >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 11e, Avoid deleting not-up-to-date with dir rename/rename(1to2)/add
+#   Commit O: z/{a,b},      x/{c_1,d}
+#   Commit A: y/{a,b,c_2},  x/d, w/c_1, and y/c_2 has uncommitted mods
+#   Commit B: z/{a,b,c_1},  x/d
+#   Expected: Failed Merge; y/{a,b} + x/d +
+#             CONFLICT(rename/rename) x/c_1 -> w/c_1 vs y/c_1 +
+#             ERROR_MSG(Refusing to lose dirty file at y/c)
+#             y/c~B^0 has O:x/c_1 contents
+#             y/c~HEAD has A:y/c_2 contents
+#             y/c has dirty file from before merge
+
+test_expect_success '11e-setup: Avoid deleting not-uptodate with dir rename/rename(1to2)/add' '
+	test_create_repo 11e &&
+	(
+		cd 11e &&
+
+		mkdir z x &&
+		echo a >z/a &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		echo c >x/c &&
+		echo d >x/d &&
+		git add z x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z/ y/ &&
+		echo different >y/c &&
+		mkdir w &&
+		git mv x/c w/ &&
+		git add y/c &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv x/c z/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '11e-check: Avoid deleting not-uptodate with dir rename/rename(1to2)/add' '
+	(
+		cd 11e &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		echo mods >>y/c &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/rename)" out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Refusing to lose dirty file at y/c" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 7 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+
+		echo different >expected &&
+		echo mods >>expected &&
+		test_cmp expected y/c &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/a :0:y/b :0:x/d :1:x/c :2:w/c :2:y/c :3:y/c &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/a  O:z/b  O:x/d  O:x/c  O:x/c  A:y/c  O:x/c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object >actual \
+			y/c~B^0 y/c~HEAD &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:x/c   A:y/c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 11f, Avoid deleting not-up-to-date w/ dir rename/rename(2to1)
+#   Commit O: z/{a,b},        x/{c_1,d_2}
+#   Commit A: y/{a,b,wham_1}, x/d_2, except y/wham has uncommitted mods
+#   Commit B: z/{a,b,wham_2}, x/c_1
+#   Expected: Failed Merge; y/{a,b} + untracked y/{wham~B^0,wham~B^HEAD} +
+#             y/wham with dirty changes from before merge +
+#             CONFLICT(rename/rename) x/c vs x/d -> y/wham
+#             ERROR_MSG(Refusing to lose dirty file at y/wham)
+
+test_expect_success '11f-setup: Avoid deleting not-uptodate with dir rename/rename(2to1)' '
+	test_create_repo 11f &&
+	(
+		cd 11f &&
+
+		mkdir z x &&
+		echo a >z/a &&
+		echo b >z/b &&
+		test_seq 1 10 >x/c &&
+		echo d >x/d &&
+		git add z x &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv z/ y/ &&
+		git mv x/c y/wham &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv x/d z/wham &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '11f-check: Avoid deleting not-uptodate with dir rename/rename(2to1)' '
+	(
+		cd 11f &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		echo important >>y/wham &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/rename)" out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Refusing to lose dirty file at y/wham" out &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+		git ls-files -o >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+
+		test_seq 1 10 >expected &&
+		echo important >>expected &&
+		test_cmp expected y/wham &&
+
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse :1:y/wham &&
+		git hash-object >actual \
+			y/wham~B^0 y/wham~HEAD &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:x/d      O:x/c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:0:y/a :0:y/b :2:y/wham :3:y/wham &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			 O:z/a  O:z/b  O:x/c     O:x/d &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+###########################################################################
+# SECTION 12: Everything else
+#
+# Tests suggested by others.  Tests added after implementation completed
+# and submitted.  Grab bag.
+###########################################################################
+
+# Testcase 12a, Moving one directory hierarchy into another
+#   (Related to testcase 9a)
+#   Commit O: node1/{leaf1,leaf2}, node2/{leaf3,leaf4}
+#   Commit A: node1/{leaf1,leaf2,node2/{leaf3,leaf4}}
+#   Commit B: node1/{leaf1,leaf2,leaf5}, node2/{leaf3,leaf4,leaf6}
+#   Expected: node1/{leaf1,leaf2,leaf5,node2/{leaf3,leaf4,leaf6}}
+
+test_expect_success '12a-setup: Moving one directory hierarchy into another' '
+	test_create_repo 12a &&
+	(
+		cd 12a &&
+
+		mkdir -p node1 node2 &&
+		echo leaf1 >node1/leaf1 &&
+		echo leaf2 >node1/leaf2 &&
+		echo leaf3 >node2/leaf3 &&
+		echo leaf4 >node2/leaf4 &&
+		git add node1 node2 &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv node2/ node1/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		echo leaf5 >node1/leaf5 &&
+		echo leaf6 >node2/leaf6 &&
+		git add node1 node2 &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '12a-check: Moving one directory hierarchy into another' '
+	(
+		cd 12a &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 6 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:node1/leaf1 HEAD:node1/leaf2 HEAD:node1/leaf5 \
+			HEAD:node1/node2/leaf3 \
+			HEAD:node1/node2/leaf4 \
+			HEAD:node1/node2/leaf6 &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:node1/leaf1    O:node1/leaf2    B:node1/leaf5 \
+			O:node2/leaf3 \
+			O:node2/leaf4 \
+			B:node2/leaf6 &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 12b, Moving two directory hierarchies into each other
+#   (Related to testcases 1c and 12c)
+#   Commit O: node1/{leaf1, leaf2}, node2/{leaf3, leaf4}
+#   Commit A: node1/{leaf1, leaf2, node2/{leaf3, leaf4}}
+#   Commit B: node2/{leaf3, leaf4, node1/{leaf1, leaf2}}
+#   Expected: node1/node2/node1/{leaf1, leaf2},
+#             node2/node1/node2/{leaf3, leaf4}
+#   NOTE: Without directory renames, we would expect
+#                   node2/node1/{leaf1, leaf2},
+#                   node1/node2/{leaf3, leaf4}
+#         with directory rename detection, we note that
+#             commit A renames node2/ -> node1/node2/
+#             commit B renames node1/ -> node2/node1/
+#         therefore, applying those directory renames to the initial result
+#         (making all four paths experience a transitive renaming), yields
+#         the expected result.
+#
+#         You may ask, is it weird to have two directories rename each other?
+#         To which, I can do no more than shrug my shoulders and say that
+#         even simple rules give weird results when given weird inputs.
+
+test_expect_success '12b-setup: Moving one directory hierarchy into another' '
+	test_create_repo 12b &&
+	(
+		cd 12b &&
+
+		mkdir -p node1 node2 &&
+		echo leaf1 >node1/leaf1 &&
+		echo leaf2 >node1/leaf2 &&
+		echo leaf3 >node2/leaf3 &&
+		echo leaf4 >node2/leaf4 &&
+		git add node1 node2 &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv node2/ node1/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv node1/ node2/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '12b-check: Moving one directory hierarchy into another' '
+	(
+		cd 12b &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 4 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			HEAD:node1/node2/node1/leaf1 \
+			HEAD:node1/node2/node1/leaf2 \
+			HEAD:node2/node1/node2/leaf3 \
+			HEAD:node2/node1/node2/leaf4 &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:node1/leaf1 \
+			O:node1/leaf2 \
+			O:node2/leaf3 \
+			O:node2/leaf4 &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 12c, Moving two directory hierarchies into each other w/ content merge
+#   (Related to testcase 12b)
+#   Commit O: node1/{       leaf1_1, leaf2_1}, node2/{leaf3_1, leaf4_1}
+#   Commit A: node1/{       leaf1_2, leaf2_2,  node2/{leaf3_2, leaf4_2}}
+#   Commit B: node2/{node1/{leaf1_3, leaf2_3},        leaf3_3, leaf4_3}
+#   Expected: Content merge conflicts for each of:
+#               node1/node2/node1/{leaf1, leaf2},
+#               node2/node1/node2/{leaf3, leaf4}
+#   NOTE: This is *exactly* like 12c, except that every path is modified on
+#         each side of the merge.
+
+test_expect_success '12c-setup: Moving one directory hierarchy into another w/ content merge' '
+	test_create_repo 12c &&
+	(
+		cd 12c &&
+
+		mkdir -p node1 node2 &&
+		printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\nleaf1\n" >node1/leaf1 &&
+		printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\nleaf2\n" >node1/leaf2 &&
+		printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\nleaf3\n" >node2/leaf3 &&
+		printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\nleaf4\n" >node2/leaf4 &&
+		git add node1 node2 &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv node2/ node1/ &&
+		for i in `git ls-files`; do echo side A >>$i; done &&
+		git add -u &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv node1/ node2/ &&
+		for i in `git ls-files`; do echo side B >>$i; done &&
+		git add -u &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '12c-check: Moving one directory hierarchy into another w/ content merge' '
+	(
+		cd 12c &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 12 out &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual \
+			:1:node1/node2/node1/leaf1 \
+			:1:node1/node2/node1/leaf2 \
+			:1:node2/node1/node2/leaf3 \
+			:1:node2/node1/node2/leaf4 \
+			:2:node1/node2/node1/leaf1 \
+			:2:node1/node2/node1/leaf2 \
+			:2:node2/node1/node2/leaf3 \
+			:2:node2/node1/node2/leaf4 \
+			:3:node1/node2/node1/leaf1 \
+			:3:node1/node2/node1/leaf2 \
+			:3:node2/node1/node2/leaf3 \
+			:3:node2/node1/node2/leaf4 &&
+		git rev-parse >expect \
+			O:node1/leaf1 \
+			O:node1/leaf2 \
+			O:node2/leaf3 \
+			O:node2/leaf4 \
+			A:node1/leaf1 \
+			A:node1/leaf2 \
+			A:node1/node2/leaf3 \
+			A:node1/node2/leaf4 \
+			B:node2/node1/leaf1 \
+			B:node2/node1/leaf2 \
+			B:node2/leaf3 \
+			B:node2/leaf4 &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6044-merge-unrelated-index-changes.sh b/t/t6044-merge-unrelated-index-changes.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5e3779ebc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6044-merge-unrelated-index-changes.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="merges with unrelated index changes"
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Testcase for some simple merges
+#   A
+#   o-------o B
+#    \
+#     \-----o C
+#      \
+#       \---o D
+#        \
+#         \-o E
+#          \
+#           o F
+#   Commit A: some file a
+#   Commit B: adds file b, modifies end of a
+#   Commit C: adds file c
+#   Commit D: adds file d, modifies beginning of a
+#   Commit E: renames a->subdir/a, adds subdir/e
+#   Commit F: empty commit
+
+test_expect_success 'setup trivial merges' '
+	test_seq 1 10 >a &&
+	git add a &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m A &&
+
+	git branch A &&
+	git branch B &&
+	git branch C &&
+	git branch D &&
+	git branch E &&
+	git branch F &&
+
+	git checkout B &&
+	echo b >b &&
+	echo 11 >>a &&
+	git add a b &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m B &&
+
+	git checkout C &&
+	echo c >c &&
+	git add c &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m C &&
+
+	git checkout D &&
+	test_seq 2 10 >a &&
+	echo d >d &&
+	git add a d &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m D &&
+
+	git checkout E &&
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	git mv a subdir/a &&
+	echo e >subdir/e &&
+	git add subdir &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m E &&
+
+	git checkout F &&
+	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m F
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ff update' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout A^0 &&
+
+	touch random_file && git add random_file &&
+
+	git merge E^0 &&
+
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:random_file &&
+	test "$(git diff --name-only --cached E)" = "random_file"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ff update, important file modified' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout A^0 &&
+
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	touch subdir/e &&
+	git add subdir/e &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge E^0 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'resolve, trivial' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+
+	touch random_file && git add random_file &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge -s resolve C^0 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'resolve, non-trivial' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+
+	touch random_file && git add random_file &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge -s resolve D^0 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'recursive' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+
+	touch random_file && git add random_file &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive C^0 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'recursive, when merge branch matches merge base' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+
+	touch random_file && git add random_file &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive F^0 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-recursive, when index==head but head!=HEAD' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout C^0 &&
+
+	# Make index match B
+	git diff C B -- | git apply --cached &&
+	# Merge B & F, with B as "head"
+	git merge-recursive A -- B F > out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Already up to date" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'recursive, when file has staged changes not matching HEAD nor what a merge would give' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	test_seq 1 10 >subdir/a &&
+	git add subdir/a &&
+
+	# We have staged changes; merge should error out
+	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E^0 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "changes to the following files would be overwritten" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'recursive, when file has staged changes matching what a merge would give' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	test_seq 1 11 >subdir/a &&
+	git add subdir/a &&
+
+	# We have staged changes; merge should error out
+	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive E^0 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "changes to the following files would be overwritten" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'octopus, unrelated file touched' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+
+	touch random_file && git add random_file &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge C^0 D^0 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'octopus, related file removed' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+
+	git rm b &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge C^0 D^0 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'octopus, related file modified' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+
+	echo 12 >>a && git add a &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge C^0 D^0 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ours' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+
+	touch random_file && git add random_file &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge -s ours C^0 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'subtree' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+
+	touch random_file && git add random_file &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge -s subtree E^0 &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6045-merge-rename-delete.sh b/t/t6045-merge-rename-delete.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5d33577d2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6045-merge-rename-delete.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Merge-recursive rename/delete conflict message'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'rename/delete' '
+	echo foo >A &&
+	git add A &&
+	git commit -m "initial" &&
+
+	git checkout -b rename &&
+	git mv A B &&
+	git commit -m "rename" &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	git rm A &&
+	git commit -m "delete" &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge --strategy=recursive rename >output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/delete): A deleted in HEAD and renamed to B in rename. Version rename of B left in tree." output
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6046-merge-skip-unneeded-updates.sh b/t/t6046-merge-skip-unneeded-updates.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..38e24f787c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6046-merge-skip-unneeded-updates.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,763 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="merge cases"
+
+# The setup for all of them, pictorially, is:
+#
+#      A
+#      o
+#     / \
+#  O o   ?
+#     \ /
+#      o
+#      B
+#
+# To help make it easier to follow the flow of tests, they have been
+# divided into sections and each test will start with a quick explanation
+# of what commits O, A, and B contain.
+#
+# Notation:
+#    z/{b,c}   means  files z/b and z/c both exist
+#    x/d_1     means  file x/d exists with content d1.  (Purpose of the
+#                     underscore notation is to differentiate different
+#                     files that might be renamed into each other's paths.)
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+
+###########################################################################
+# SECTION 1: Cases involving no renames (one side has subset of changes of
+#            the other side)
+###########################################################################
+
+# Testcase 1a, Changes on A, subset of changes on B
+#   Commit O: b_1
+#   Commit A: b_2
+#   Commit B: b_3
+#   Expected: b_2
+
+test_expect_success '1a-setup: Modify(A)/Modify(B), change on B subset of A' '
+	test_create_repo 1a &&
+	(
+		cd 1a &&
+
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 >b &&
+		git add b &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 5.5 6 7 8 9 10 10.5 >b &&
+		git add b &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 5.5 6 7 8 9 10 >b &&
+		git add b &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '1a-check-L: Modify(A)/Modify(B), change on B subset of A' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C 1a reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C 1a clean -fd" &&
+	(
+		cd 1a &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test-tool chmtime =31337 b &&
+		test-tool chmtime -v +0 b >expected-mtime &&
+
+		GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		test_i18ngrep "Skipped b" out &&
+		test_must_be_empty err &&
+
+		test-tool chmtime -v +0 b >actual-mtime &&
+		test_cmp expected-mtime actual-mtime &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >index_files &&
+		test_line_count = 1 index_files &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual HEAD:b &&
+		git rev-parse >expect A:b &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object b   >actual &&
+		git rev-parse   A:b >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '1a-check-R: Modify(A)/Modify(B), change on B subset of A' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C 1a reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C 1a clean -fd" &&
+	(
+		cd 1a &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+
+		GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge -s recursive A^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		test_i18ngrep "Auto-merging b" out &&
+		test_must_be_empty err &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >index_files &&
+		test_line_count = 1 index_files &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual HEAD:b &&
+		git rev-parse >expect A:b &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object b   >actual &&
+		git rev-parse   A:b >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+
+###########################################################################
+# SECTION 2: Cases involving basic renames
+###########################################################################
+
+# Testcase 2a, Changes on A, rename on B
+#   Commit O: b_1
+#   Commit A: b_2
+#   Commit B: c_1
+#   Expected: c_2
+
+test_expect_success '2a-setup: Modify(A)/rename(B)' '
+	test_create_repo 2a &&
+	(
+		cd 2a &&
+
+		test_seq 1 10 >b &&
+		git add b &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		test_seq 1 11 >b &&
+		git add b &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv b c &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '2a-check-L: Modify/rename, merge into modify side' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C 2a reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C 2a clean -fd" &&
+	(
+		cd 2a &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		test_i18ngrep ! "Skipped c" out &&
+		test_must_be_empty err &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >index_files &&
+		test_line_count = 1 index_files &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual HEAD:c &&
+		git rev-parse >expect A:b &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object c   >actual &&
+		git rev-parse   A:b >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:b &&
+		test_path_is_missing b
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '2a-check-R: Modify/rename, merge into rename side' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C 2a reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C 2a clean -fd" &&
+	(
+		cd 2a &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+
+		GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge -s recursive A^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		test_i18ngrep ! "Skipped c" out &&
+		test_must_be_empty err &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >index_files &&
+		test_line_count = 1 index_files &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual HEAD:c &&
+		git rev-parse >expect A:b &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object c   >actual &&
+		git rev-parse   A:b >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:b &&
+		test_path_is_missing b
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 2b, Changed and renamed on A, subset of changes on B
+#   Commit O: b_1
+#   Commit A: c_2
+#   Commit B: b_3
+#   Expected: c_2
+
+test_expect_success '2b-setup: Rename+Mod(A)/Mod(B), B mods subset of A' '
+	test_create_repo 2b &&
+	(
+		cd 2b &&
+
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 >b &&
+		git add b &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 5.5 6 7 8 9 10 10.5 >b &&
+		git add b &&
+		git mv b c &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 5.5 6 7 8 9 10 >b &&
+		git add b &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '2b-check-L: Rename+Mod(A)/Mod(B), B mods subset of A' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C 2b reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C 2b clean -fd" &&
+	(
+		cd 2b &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		test-tool chmtime =31337 c &&
+		test-tool chmtime -v +0 c >expected-mtime &&
+
+		GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		test_i18ngrep "Skipped c" out &&
+		test_must_be_empty err &&
+
+		test-tool chmtime -v +0 c >actual-mtime &&
+		test_cmp expected-mtime actual-mtime &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >index_files &&
+		test_line_count = 1 index_files &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual HEAD:c &&
+		git rev-parse >expect A:c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object c   >actual &&
+		git rev-parse   A:c >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:b &&
+		test_path_is_missing b
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '2b-check-R: Rename+Mod(A)/Mod(B), B mods subset of A' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C 2b reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C 2b clean -fd" &&
+	(
+		cd 2b &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+
+		GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge -s recursive A^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		test_i18ngrep "Auto-merging c" out &&
+		test_must_be_empty err &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >index_files &&
+		test_line_count = 1 index_files &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual HEAD:c &&
+		git rev-parse >expect A:c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object c   >actual &&
+		git rev-parse   A:c >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:b &&
+		test_path_is_missing b
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 2c, Changes on A, rename on B
+#   Commit O: b_1
+#   Commit A: b_2, c_3
+#   Commit B: c_1
+#   Expected: rename/add conflict c_2 vs c_3
+#
+#   NOTE: Since A modified b_1->b_2, and B renamed b_1->c_1, the threeway
+#         merge of those files should result in c_2.  We then should have a
+#         rename/add conflict between c_2 and c_3.  However, if we note in
+#         merge_content() that A had the right contents (b_2 has same
+#         contents as c_2, just at a different name), and that A had the
+#         right path present (c_3 existed) and thus decides that it can
+#         skip the update, then we're in trouble.  This test verifies we do
+#         not make that particular mistake.
+
+test_expect_success '2c-setup: Modify b & add c VS rename b->c' '
+	test_create_repo 2c &&
+	(
+		cd 2c &&
+
+		test_seq 1 10 >b &&
+		git add b &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		test_seq 1 11 >b &&
+		echo whatever >c &&
+		git add b c &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv b c &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '2c-check: Modify b & add c VS rename b->c' '
+	(
+		cd 2c &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 &&
+		export GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY &&
+		test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename b->c" out &&
+		test_i18ngrep ! "Skipped c" out &&
+		test_must_be_empty err
+
+		# FIXME: rename/add conflicts are horribly broken right now;
+		# when I get back to my patch series fixing it and
+		# rename/rename(2to1) conflicts to bring them in line with
+		# how add/add conflicts behave, then checks like the below
+		# could be added.  But that patch series is waiting until
+		# the rename-directory-detection series lands, which this
+		# is part of.  And in the mean time, I do not want to further
+		# enforce broken behavior.  So for now, the main test is the
+		# one above that err is an empty file.
+
+		#git ls-files -s >index_files &&
+		#test_line_count = 2 index_files &&
+
+		#git rev-parse >actual :2:c :3:c &&
+		#git rev-parse >expect A:b  A:c  &&
+		#test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		#git cat-file -p A:b >>merged &&
+		#git cat-file -p A:c >>merge-me &&
+		#>empty &&
+		#test_must_fail git merge-file \
+		#	-L "Temporary merge branch 1" \
+		#	-L "" \
+		#	-L "Temporary merge branch 2" \
+		#	merged empty merge-me &&
+		#sed -e "s/^\([<=>]\)/\1\1\1/" merged >merged-internal &&
+
+		#git hash-object c               >actual &&
+		#git hash-object merged-internal >expect &&
+		#test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		#test_path_is_missing b
+	)
+'
+
+
+###########################################################################
+# SECTION 3: Cases involving directory renames
+#
+# NOTE:
+#   Directory renames only apply when one side renames a directory, and the
+#   other side adds or renames a path into that directory.  Applying the
+#   directory rename to that new path creates a new pathname that didn't
+#   exist on either side of history.  Thus, it is impossible for the
+#   merge contents to already be at the right path, so all of these checks
+#   exist just to make sure that updates are not skipped.
+###########################################################################
+
+# Testcase 3a, Change + rename into dir foo on A, dir rename foo->bar on B
+#   Commit O: bq_1, foo/whatever
+#   Commit A: foo/{bq_2, whatever}
+#   Commit B: bq_1, bar/whatever
+#   Expected: bar/{bq_2, whatever}
+
+test_expect_success '3a-setup: bq_1->foo/bq_2 on A, foo/->bar/ on B' '
+	test_create_repo 3a &&
+	(
+		cd 3a &&
+
+		mkdir foo &&
+		test_seq 1 10 >bq &&
+		test_write_lines a b c d e f g h i j k >foo/whatever &&
+		git add bq foo/whatever &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		test_seq 1 11 >bq &&
+		git add bq &&
+		git mv bq foo/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		git mv foo/ bar/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '3a-check-L: bq_1->foo/bq_2 on A, foo/->bar/ on B' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C 3a reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C 3a clean -fd" &&
+	(
+		cd 3a &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		test_i18ngrep ! "Skipped bar/bq" out &&
+		test_must_be_empty err &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >index_files &&
+		test_line_count = 2 index_files &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual HEAD:bar/bq HEAD:bar/whatever &&
+		git rev-parse >expect A:foo/bq    A:foo/whatever &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object bar/bq   bar/whatever   >actual &&
+		git rev-parse   A:foo/bq A:foo/whatever >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:bq HEAD:foo/bq &&
+		test_path_is_missing bq foo/bq foo/whatever
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '3a-check-R: bq_1->foo/bq_2 on A, foo/->bar/ on B' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C 3a reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C 3a clean -fd" &&
+	(
+		cd 3a &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+
+		GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge -s recursive A^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		test_i18ngrep ! "Skipped bar/bq" out &&
+		test_must_be_empty err &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >index_files &&
+		test_line_count = 2 index_files &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual HEAD:bar/bq HEAD:bar/whatever &&
+		git rev-parse >expect A:foo/bq    A:foo/whatever &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object bar/bq   bar/whatever   >actual &&
+		git rev-parse   A:foo/bq A:foo/whatever >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:bq HEAD:foo/bq &&
+		test_path_is_missing bq foo/bq foo/whatever
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 3b, rename into dir foo on A, dir rename foo->bar + change on B
+#   Commit O: bq_1, foo/whatever
+#   Commit A: foo/{bq_1, whatever}
+#   Commit B: bq_2, bar/whatever
+#   Expected: bar/{bq_2, whatever}
+
+test_expect_success '3b-setup: bq_1->foo/bq_2 on A, foo/->bar/ on B' '
+	test_create_repo 3b &&
+	(
+		cd 3b &&
+
+		mkdir foo &&
+		test_seq 1 10 >bq &&
+		test_write_lines a b c d e f g h i j k >foo/whatever &&
+		git add bq foo/whatever &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		git mv bq foo/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		test_seq 1 11 >bq &&
+		git add bq &&
+		git mv foo/ bar/ &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '3b-check-L: bq_1->foo/bq_2 on A, foo/->bar/ on B' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C 3b reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C 3b clean -fd" &&
+	(
+		cd 3b &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+
+		GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		test_i18ngrep ! "Skipped bar/bq" out &&
+		test_must_be_empty err &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >index_files &&
+		test_line_count = 2 index_files &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual HEAD:bar/bq HEAD:bar/whatever &&
+		git rev-parse >expect B:bq        A:foo/whatever &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object bar/bq bar/whatever   >actual &&
+		git rev-parse   B:bq   A:foo/whatever >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:bq HEAD:foo/bq &&
+		test_path_is_missing bq foo/bq foo/whatever
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '3b-check-R: bq_1->foo/bq_2 on A, foo/->bar/ on B' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C 3b reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C 3b clean -fd" &&
+	(
+		cd 3b &&
+
+		git checkout B^0 &&
+
+		GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge -s recursive A^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		test_i18ngrep ! "Skipped bar/bq" out &&
+		test_must_be_empty err &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >index_files &&
+		test_line_count = 2 index_files &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual HEAD:bar/bq HEAD:bar/whatever &&
+		git rev-parse >expect B:bq        A:foo/whatever &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object bar/bq bar/whatever   >actual &&
+		git rev-parse   B:bq   A:foo/whatever >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:bq HEAD:foo/bq &&
+		test_path_is_missing bq foo/bq foo/whatever
+	)
+'
+
+###########################################################################
+# SECTION 4: Cases involving dirty changes
+###########################################################################
+
+# Testcase 4a, Changed on A, subset of changes on B, locally modified
+#   Commit O: b_1
+#   Commit A: b_2
+#   Commit B: b_3
+#   Working copy: b_4
+#   Expected: b_2 for merge, b_4 in working copy
+
+test_expect_success '4a-setup: Change on A, change on B subset of A, dirty mods present' '
+	test_create_repo 4a &&
+	(
+		cd 4a &&
+
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 >b &&
+		git add b &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 5.5 6 7 8 9 10 10.5 >b &&
+		git add b &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 5.5 6 7 8 9 10 >b &&
+		git add b &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+# NOTE: For as long as we continue using unpack_trees() without index_only
+#   set to true, it will error out on a case like this claiming the the locally
+#   modified file would be overwritten by the merge.  Getting this testcase
+#   correct requires doing the merge in-memory first, then realizing that no
+#   updates to the file are necessary, and thus that we can just leave the path
+#   alone.
+test_expect_failure '4a-check: Change on A, change on B subset of A, dirty mods present' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C 4a reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C 4a clean -fd" &&
+	(
+		cd 4a &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		echo "File rewritten" >b &&
+
+		test-tool chmtime =31337 b &&
+		test-tool chmtime -v +0 b >expected-mtime &&
+
+		GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		test_i18ngrep "Skipped b" out &&
+		test_must_be_empty err &&
+
+		test-tool chmtime -v +0 b >actual-mtime &&
+		test_cmp expected-mtime actual-mtime &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >index_files &&
+		test_line_count = 1 index_files &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual :0:b &&
+		git rev-parse >expect A:b &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object b >actual &&
+		echo "File rewritten" | git hash-object --stdin >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# Testcase 4b, Changed+renamed on A, subset of changes on B, locally modified
+#   Commit O: b_1
+#   Commit A: c_2
+#   Commit B: b_3
+#   Working copy: c_4
+#   Expected: c_2
+
+test_expect_success '4b-setup: Rename+Mod(A)/Mod(B), change on B subset of A, dirty mods present' '
+	test_create_repo 4b &&
+	(
+		cd 4b &&
+
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 >b &&
+		git add b &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "O" &&
+
+		git branch O &&
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 5.5 6 7 8 9 10 10.5 >b &&
+		git add b &&
+		git mv b c &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "A" &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 5.5 6 7 8 9 10 >b &&
+		git add b &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "B"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '4b-check: Rename+Mod(A)/Mod(B), change on B subset of A, dirty mods present' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C 4b reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C 4b clean -fd" &&
+	(
+		cd 4b &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		echo "File rewritten" >c &&
+
+		test-tool chmtime =31337 c &&
+		test-tool chmtime -v +0 c >expected-mtime &&
+
+		GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge -s recursive B^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		test_i18ngrep "Skipped c" out &&
+		test_must_be_empty err &&
+
+		test-tool chmtime -v +0 c >actual-mtime &&
+		test_cmp expected-mtime actual-mtime &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >index_files &&
+		test_line_count = 1 index_files &&
+
+		git rev-parse >actual :0:c &&
+		git rev-parse >expect A:c &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		git hash-object c >actual &&
+		echo "File rewritten" | git hash-object --stdin >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse HEAD:b &&
+		test_path_is_missing b
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6050-replace.sh b/t/t6050-replace.sh
index 4d5a25eedf..86374a9c52 100755
--- a/t/t6050-replace.sh
+++ b/t/t6050-replace.sh
@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@
 #
 test_description='Tests replace refs functionality'
 
-exec </dev/null
-
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY/lib-gpg.sh"
 
@@ -115,6 +113,12 @@ test_expect_success 'test GIT_NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS env variable' '
      GIT_NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS=1 git show $HASH2 | grep "A U Thor"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'test core.usereplacerefs config option' '
+	test_config core.usereplacerefs false &&
+	git cat-file commit $HASH2 | grep "author A U Thor" &&
+	git show $HASH2 | grep "A U Thor"
+'
+
 cat >tag.sig <<EOF
 object $HASH2
 type commit
@@ -351,11 +355,15 @@ test_expect_success 'test --format long' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'setup a fake editor' '
-	write_script fakeeditor <<-\EOF
+test_expect_success 'setup fake editors' '
+	write_script fakeeditor <<-\EOF &&
 		sed -e "s/A U Thor/A fake Thor/" "$1" >"$1.new"
 		mv "$1.new" "$1"
 	EOF
+	write_script failingfakeeditor <<-\EOF
+		./fakeeditor "$@"
+		false
+	EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--edit with and without already replaced object' '
@@ -372,7 +380,7 @@ test_expect_success '--edit with and without already replaced object' '
 test_expect_success '--edit and change nothing or command failed' '
 	git replace -d "$PARA3" &&
 	test_must_fail env GIT_EDITOR=true git replace --edit "$PARA3" &&
-	test_must_fail env GIT_EDITOR="./fakeeditor;false" git replace --edit "$PARA3" &&
+	test_must_fail env GIT_EDITOR="./failingfakeeditor" git replace --edit "$PARA3" &&
 	GIT_EDITOR=./fakeeditor git replace --edit "$PARA3" &&
 	git replace -l | grep "$PARA3" &&
 	git cat-file commit "$PARA3" | grep "A fake Thor"
@@ -440,4 +448,32 @@ test_expect_success GPG '--graft on a commit with a mergetag' '
 	git replace -d $HASH10
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--convert-graft-file' '
+	git checkout -b with-graft-file &&
+	test_commit root2 &&
+	git reset --hard root2^ &&
+	test_commit root1 &&
+	test_commit after-root1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge -m merge-root2 root2 &&
+
+	: add and convert graft file &&
+	printf "%s\n%s %s\n\n# comment\n%s\n" \
+		$(git rev-parse HEAD^^ HEAD^ HEAD^^ HEAD^2) \
+		>.git/info/grafts &&
+	git replace --convert-graft-file &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/info/grafts &&
+
+	: verify that the history is now "grafted" &&
+	git rev-list HEAD >out &&
+	test_line_count = 4 out &&
+
+	: create invalid graft file and verify that it is not deleted &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/info/grafts" &&
+	echo $EMPTY_BLOB $EMPTY_TREE >.git/info/grafts &&
+	test_must_fail git replace --convert-graft-file 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "$EMPTY_BLOB $EMPTY_TREE" err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "$EMPTY_BLOB $EMPTY_TREE" .git/info/grafts
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6060-merge-index.sh b/t/t6060-merge-index.sh
index debadbd299..ddf34f0115 100755
--- a/t/t6060-merge-index.sh
+++ b/t/t6060-merge-index.sh
@@ -44,8 +44,7 @@ test_expect_success 'read-tree does not resolve content merge' '
 test_expect_success 'git merge-index git-merge-one-file resolves' '
 	git merge-index git-merge-one-file -a &&
 	git diff-files --name-only --diff-filter=U >unmerged &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect unmerged &&
+	test_must_be_empty unmerged &&
 	test_cmp expect-merged file &&
 	git cat-file blob :file >file-index &&
 	test_cmp expect-merged file-index
diff --git a/t/t6100-rev-list-in-order.sh b/t/t6100-rev-list-in-order.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b2bb0a7f61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6100-rev-list-in-order.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='rev-list testing in-commit-order'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup a commit history with trees, blobs' '
+	for x in one two three four
+	do
+		echo $x >$x &&
+		git add $x &&
+		git commit -m "add file $x" ||
+		return 1
+	done &&
+	for x in four three
+	do
+		git rm $x &&
+		git commit -m "remove $x" ||
+		return 1
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list --in-commit-order' '
+	git rev-list --in-commit-order --objects HEAD >actual.raw &&
+	cut -c 1-40 >actual <actual.raw &&
+
+	git cat-file --batch-check="%(objectname)" >expect.raw <<-\EOF &&
+		HEAD^{commit}
+		HEAD^{tree}
+		HEAD^{tree}:one
+		HEAD^{tree}:two
+		HEAD~1^{commit}
+		HEAD~1^{tree}
+		HEAD~1^{tree}:three
+		HEAD~2^{commit}
+		HEAD~2^{tree}
+		HEAD~2^{tree}:four
+		HEAD~3^{commit}
+		# HEAD~3^{tree} skipped, same as HEAD~1^{tree}
+		HEAD~4^{commit}
+		# HEAD~4^{tree} skipped, same as HEAD^{tree}
+		HEAD~5^{commit}
+		HEAD~5^{tree}
+	EOF
+	grep -v "#" >expect <expect.raw &&
+
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list lists blobs and trees after commits' '
+	git rev-list --objects HEAD >actual.raw &&
+	cut -c 1-40 >actual <actual.raw &&
+
+	git cat-file --batch-check="%(objectname)" >expect.raw <<-\EOF &&
+		HEAD^{commit}
+		HEAD~1^{commit}
+		HEAD~2^{commit}
+		HEAD~3^{commit}
+		HEAD~4^{commit}
+		HEAD~5^{commit}
+		HEAD^{tree}
+		HEAD^{tree}:one
+		HEAD^{tree}:two
+		HEAD~1^{tree}
+		HEAD~1^{tree}:three
+		HEAD~2^{tree}
+		HEAD~2^{tree}:four
+		# HEAD~3^{tree} skipped, same as HEAD~1^{tree}
+		# HEAD~4^{tree} skipped, same as HEAD^{tree}
+		HEAD~5^{tree}
+	EOF
+	grep -v "#" >expect <expect.raw &&
+
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6101-rev-parse-parents.sh b/t/t6101-rev-parse-parents.sh
index 10b1452766..7683e4a114 100755
--- a/t/t6101-rev-parse-parents.sh
+++ b/t/t6101-rev-parse-parents.sh
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	git checkout --orphan tmp &&
 	test_commit start2 &&
 	git checkout master &&
-	git merge -m next start2 &&
+	git merge -m next --allow-unrelated-histories start2 &&
 	test_commit final &&
 
 	test_seq 40 |
@@ -83,12 +83,24 @@ test_expect_success 'final^1^@ = final^1^1 final^1^2' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'symbolic final^1^@ = final^1^1 final^1^2' '
+	git rev-parse --symbolic final^1^1 final^1^2 >expect &&
+	git rev-parse --symbolic final^1^@ >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'final^1^! = final^1 ^final^1^1 ^final^1^2' '
 	git rev-parse final^1 ^final^1^1 ^final^1^2 >expect &&
 	git rev-parse final^1^! >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'symbolic final^1^! = final^1 ^final^1^1 ^final^1^2' '
+	git rev-parse --symbolic final^1 ^final^1^1 ^final^1^2 >expect &&
+	git rev-parse --symbolic final^1^! >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'large graft octopus' '
 	test_cmp_rev_output b31 "git rev-parse --verify b1^30"
 '
@@ -102,4 +114,112 @@ test_expect_success 'short SHA-1 works' '
 	test_cmp_rev_output start "git rev-parse ${start%?}"
 '
 
+# rev^- tests; we can use a simpler setup for these
+
+test_expect_success 'setup for rev^- tests' '
+	test_commit one &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	test_commit three &&
+
+	# Merge in a branch for testing rev^-
+	git checkout -b branch &&
+	git checkout HEAD^^ &&
+	git merge -m merge --no-edit --no-ff branch &&
+	git checkout -b merge
+'
+
+# The merged branch has 2 commits + the merge
+test_expect_success 'rev-list --count merge^- = merge^..merge' '
+	git rev-list --count merge^..merge >expect &&
+	echo 3 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# All rev^- rev-parse tests
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse merge^- = merge^..merge' '
+	git rev-parse merge^..merge >expect &&
+	git rev-parse merge^- >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse merge^-1 = merge^..merge' '
+	git rev-parse merge^1..merge >expect &&
+	git rev-parse merge^-1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse merge^-2 = merge^2..merge' '
+	git rev-parse merge^2..merge >expect &&
+	git rev-parse merge^-2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic merge^-1 = merge^1..merge' '
+	git rev-parse --symbolic merge^1..merge >expect &&
+	git rev-parse --symbolic merge^-1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse merge^-0 (invalid parent)' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse merge^-0
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse merge^-3 (invalid parent)' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse merge^-3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse merge^-^ (garbage after ^-)' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse merge^-^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse merge^-1x (garbage after ^-1)' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse merge^-1x
+'
+
+# All rev^- rev-list tests (should be mostly the same as rev-parse; the reason
+# for the duplication is that rev-parse and rev-list use different parsers).
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list merge^- = merge^..merge' '
+	git rev-list merge^..merge >expect &&
+	git rev-list merge^- >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list merge^-1 = merge^1..merge' '
+	git rev-list merge^1..merge >expect &&
+	git rev-list merge^-1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list merge^-2 = merge^2..merge' '
+	git rev-list merge^2..merge >expect &&
+	git rev-list merge^-2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list merge^-0 (invalid parent)' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-list merge^-0
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list merge^-3 (invalid parent)' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-list merge^-3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list merge^-^ (garbage after ^-)' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-list merge^-^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list merge^-1x (garbage after ^-1)' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-list merge^-1x
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse $garbage^@ does not segfault' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse $EMPTY_TREE^@
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse $garbage...$garbage does not segfault' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse $EMPTY_TREE...$EMPTY_BLOB
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6111-rev-list-treesame.sh b/t/t6111-rev-list-treesame.sh
index 32474c23d3..4244638285 100755
--- a/t/t6111-rev-list-treesame.sh
+++ b/t/t6111-rev-list-treesame.sh
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ note () {
 }
 
 unnote () {
-	git name-rev --tags --stdin | sed -e "s|$_x40 (tags/\([^)]*\))\([ 	]\)|\1\2|g"
+	git name-rev --tags --stdin | sed -e "s|$OID_REGEX (tags/\([^)]*\))\([ 	]\)|\1\2|g"
 }
 
 test_expect_success setup '
diff --git a/t/t6112-rev-list-filters-objects.sh b/t/t6112-rev-list-filters-objects.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d4ff0b3bef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6112-rev-list-filters-objects.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git rev-list using object filtering'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Test the blob:none filter.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r1' '
+	echo "{print \$1}" >print_1.awk &&
+	echo "{print \$2}" >print_2.awk &&
+
+	git init r1 &&
+	for n in 1 2 3 4 5
+	do
+		echo "This is file: $n" > r1/file.$n
+		git -C r1 add file.$n
+		git -C r1 commit -m "$n"
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:none omits all 5 blobs' '
+	git -C r1 ls-files -s file.1 file.2 file.3 file.4 file.5 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r1 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=blob:none \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify emitted+omitted == all' '
+	git -C r1 rev-list HEAD --objects \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r1 rev-list HEAD --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=blob:none \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+
+# Test blob:limit=<n>[kmg] filter.
+# We boundary test around the size parameter.  The filter is strictly less than
+# the value, so size 500 and 1000 should have the same results, but 1001 should
+# filter more.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r2' '
+	git init r2 &&
+	for n in 1000 10000
+	do
+		printf "%"$n"s" X > r2/large.$n
+		git -C r2 add large.$n
+		git -C r2 commit -m "$n"
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=500 omits all blobs' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.1000 large.10000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=blob:limit=500 \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify emitted+omitted == all' '
+	git -C r2 rev-list HEAD --objects \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 rev-list HEAD --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=blob:limit=500 \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=1000' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.1000 large.10000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=blob:limit=1000 \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=1001' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.10000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=blob:limit=1001 \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=1k' '
+	git -C r2 ls-files -s large.10000 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r2 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=blob:limit=1k \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify blob:limit=1m' '
+	git -C r2 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=blob:limit=1m \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_must_be_empty observed
+'
+
+# Test sparse:path=<path> filter.
+# Use a local file containing a sparse-checkout specification to filter
+# out blobs not required for the corresponding sparse-checkout.  We do not
+# require sparse-checkout to actually be enabled.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r3' '
+	git init r3 &&
+	mkdir r3/dir1 &&
+	for n in sparse1 sparse2
+	do
+		echo "This is file: $n" > r3/$n
+		git -C r3 add $n
+		echo "This is file: dir1/$n" > r3/dir1/$n
+		git -C r3 add dir1/$n
+	done &&
+	git -C r3 commit -m "sparse" &&
+	echo dir1/ >pattern1 &&
+	echo sparse1 >pattern2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify sparse:path=pattern1 omits top-level files' '
+	git -C r3 ls-files -s sparse1 sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r3 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=sparse:path=../pattern1 \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify sparse:path=pattern2 omits both sparse2 files' '
+	git -C r3 ls-files -s sparse2 dir1/sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r3 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=sparse:path=../pattern2 \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+# Test sparse:oid=<oid-ish> filter.
+# Like sparse:path, but we get the sparse-checkout specification from
+# a blob rather than a file on disk.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup r3 part 2' '
+	echo dir1/ >r3/pattern &&
+	git -C r3 add pattern &&
+	git -C r3 commit -m "pattern"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify sparse:oid=OID omits top-level files' '
+	git -C r3 ls-files -s pattern sparse1 sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	oid=$(git -C r3 ls-files -s pattern | awk -f print_2.awk) &&
+	git -C r3 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=sparse:oid=$oid \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify sparse:oid=oid-ish omits top-level files' '
+	git -C r3 ls-files -s pattern sparse1 sparse2 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	git -C r3 rev-list HEAD --quiet --objects --filter-print-omitted --filter=sparse:oid=master:pattern \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/~//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+# Delete some loose objects and use rev-list, but WITHOUT any filtering.
+# This models previously omitted objects that we did not receive.
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list W/ --missing=print' '
+	git -C r1 ls-files -s file.1 file.2 file.3 file.4 file.5 \
+		| awk -f print_2.awk \
+		| sort >expected &&
+	for id in `cat expected | sed "s|..|&/|"`
+	do
+		rm r1/.git/objects/$id
+	done &&
+	git -C r1 rev-list --quiet HEAD --missing=print --objects \
+		| awk -f print_1.awk \
+		| sed "s/?//" \
+		| sort >observed &&
+	test_cmp observed expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list W/O --missing fails' '
+	test_must_fail git -C r1 rev-list --quiet --objects HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list W/ missing=allow-any' '
+	git -C r1 rev-list --quiet --missing=allow-any --objects HEAD
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6120-describe.sh b/t/t6120-describe.sh
index c0e5b2a627..d639d94696 100755
--- a/t/t6120-describe.sh
+++ b/t/t6120-describe.sh
@@ -113,10 +113,17 @@ check_describe A-3-* --long HEAD^^2
 check_describe c-7-* --tags
 check_describe e-3-* --first-parent --tags
 
-: >err.expect
-check_describe A --all A^0
+test_expect_success 'describe --contains defaults to HEAD without commit-ish' '
+	echo "A^0" >expect &&
+	git checkout A &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -" &&
+	git describe --contains >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+check_describe tags/A --all A^0
 test_expect_success 'no warning was displayed for A' '
-	test_cmp err.expect err.actual
+	test_must_be_empty err.actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rename tag A to Q locally' '
@@ -174,6 +181,41 @@ check_describe "test2-lightweight-*" --tags --match="test2-*"
 
 check_describe "test2-lightweight-*" --long --tags --match="test2-*" HEAD^
 
+check_describe "test2-lightweight-*" --long --tags --match="test1-*" --match="test2-*" HEAD^
+
+check_describe "test2-lightweight-*" --long --tags --match="test1-*" --no-match --match="test2-*" HEAD^
+
+check_describe "test1-lightweight-*" --long --tags --match="test1-*" --match="test3-*" HEAD
+
+check_describe "test1-lightweight-*" --long --tags --match="test3-*" --match="test1-*" HEAD
+
+test_expect_success 'set-up branches' '
+	git branch branch_A A &&
+	git branch branch_C c &&
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/remote_branch_A "A^{commit}" &&
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/remote_branch_C "c^{commit}" &&
+	git update-ref refs/original/original_branch_A test-annotated~2
+'
+
+check_describe "heads/branch_A*" --all --match="branch_*" --exclude="branch_C" HEAD
+
+check_describe "remotes/origin/remote_branch_A*" --all --match="origin/remote_branch_*" --exclude="origin/remote_branch_C" HEAD
+
+check_describe "original/original_branch_A*" --all test-annotated~1
+
+test_expect_success '--match does not work for other types' '
+	test_must_fail git describe --all --match="*original_branch_*" test-annotated~1
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--exclude does not work for other types' '
+	R=$(git describe --all --exclude="any_pattern_even_not_matching" test-annotated~1) &&
+	case "$R" in
+	*original_branch_A*) echo "fail: Found unknown reference $R with --exclude"
+		false;;
+	*) echo ok: Found some known type;;
+	esac
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'name-rev with exact tags' '
 	echo A >expect &&
 	tag_object=$(git rev-parse refs/tags/A) &&
@@ -186,6 +228,31 @@ test_expect_success 'name-rev with exact tags' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'name-rev --all' '
+	>expect.unsorted &&
+	for rev in $(git rev-list --all)
+	do
+		git name-rev $rev >>expect.unsorted
+	done &&
+	sort <expect.unsorted >expect &&
+	git name-rev --all >actual.unsorted &&
+	sort <actual.unsorted >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'name-rev --stdin' '
+	>expect.unsorted &&
+	for rev in $(git rev-list --all)
+	do
+		name=$(git name-rev --name-only $rev) &&
+		echo "$rev ($name)" >>expect.unsorted
+	done &&
+	sort <expect.unsorted >expect &&
+	git rev-list --all | git name-rev --stdin >actual.unsorted &&
+	sort <actual.unsorted >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'describe --contains with the exact tags' '
 	echo "A^0" >expect &&
 	tag_object=$(git rev-parse refs/tags/A) &&
@@ -198,4 +265,124 @@ test_expect_success 'describe --contains with the exact tags' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'describe --contains and --match' '
+	echo "A^0" >expect &&
+	tagged_commit=$(git rev-parse "refs/tags/A^0") &&
+	test_must_fail git describe --contains --match="B" $tagged_commit &&
+	git describe --contains --match="B" --match="A" $tagged_commit >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'describe --exclude' '
+	echo "c~1" >expect &&
+	tagged_commit=$(git rev-parse "refs/tags/A^0") &&
+	test_must_fail git describe --contains --match="B" $tagged_commit &&
+	git describe --contains --match="?" --exclude="A" $tagged_commit >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'describe --contains and --no-match' '
+	echo "A^0" >expect &&
+	tagged_commit=$(git rev-parse "refs/tags/A^0") &&
+	git describe --contains --match="B" --no-match $tagged_commit >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup and absorb a submodule' '
+	test_create_repo sub1 &&
+	test_commit -C sub1 initial &&
+	git submodule add ./sub1 &&
+	git submodule absorbgitdirs &&
+	git commit -a -m "add submodule" &&
+	git describe --dirty >expect &&
+	git describe --broken >out &&
+	test_cmp expect out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'describe chokes on severely broken submodules' '
+	mv .git/modules/sub1/ .git/modules/sub_moved &&
+	test_must_fail git describe --dirty
+'
+test_expect_success 'describe ignoring a broken submodule' '
+	git describe --broken >out &&
+	test_when_finished "mv .git/modules/sub_moved .git/modules/sub1" &&
+	grep broken out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'describe a blob at a directly tagged commit' '
+	echo "make it a unique blob" >file &&
+	git add file && git commit -m "content in file" &&
+	git tag -a -m "latest annotated tag" unique-file &&
+	git describe HEAD:file >actual &&
+	echo "unique-file:file" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'describe a blob with its first introduction' '
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "empty commit" &&
+	git rm file &&
+	git commit -m "delete blob" &&
+	git revert HEAD &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "empty commit" &&
+	git describe HEAD:file >actual &&
+	echo "unique-file:file" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'describe directly tagged blob' '
+	git tag test-blob unique-file:file &&
+	git describe test-blob >actual &&
+	echo "unique-file:file" >expect &&
+	# suboptimal: we rather want to see "test-blob"
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'describe tag object' '
+	git tag test-blob-1 -a -m msg unique-file:file &&
+	test_must_fail git describe test-blob-1 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "fatal: test-blob-1 is neither a commit nor blob" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_failure ULIMIT_STACK_SIZE 'name-rev works in a deep repo' '
+	i=1 &&
+	while test $i -lt 8000
+	do
+		echo "commit refs/heads/master
+committer A U Thor <author@example.com> $((1000000000 + $i * 100)) +0200
+data <<EOF
+commit #$i
+EOF"
+		test $i = 1 && echo "from refs/heads/master^0"
+		i=$(($i + 1))
+	done | git fast-import &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git tag far-far-away HEAD^ &&
+	echo "HEAD~4000 tags/far-far-away~3999" >expect &&
+	git name-rev HEAD~4000 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	run_with_limited_stack git name-rev HEAD~4000 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success ULIMIT_STACK_SIZE 'describe works in a deep repo' '
+	git tag -f far-far-away HEAD~7999 &&
+	echo "far-far-away" >expect &&
+	git describe --tags --abbrev=0 HEAD~4000 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	run_with_limited_stack git describe --tags --abbrev=0 HEAD~4000 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+check_describe tags/A --all A
+check_describe tags/c --all c
+check_describe heads/branch_A --all --match='branch_*' branch_A
+
+test_expect_success 'describe complains about tree object' '
+	test_must_fail git describe HEAD^{tree}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'describe complains about missing object' '
+	test_must_fail git describe $ZERO_OID
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6130-pathspec-noglob.sh b/t/t6130-pathspec-noglob.sh
index 658353277e..37760233a5 100755
--- a/t/t6130-pathspec-noglob.sh
+++ b/t/t6130-pathspec-noglob.sh
@@ -97,9 +97,8 @@ test_expect_success 'no-glob option matches literally (bracket)' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'no-glob option disables :(literal)' '
-	: >expect &&
 	git --literal-pathspecs log --format=%s -- ":(literal)foo" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'no-glob environment variable works' '
@@ -130,9 +129,8 @@ test_expect_success '**/ works with :(glob)' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success '**/ does not work with --noglob-pathspecs' '
-	: >expect &&
 	git --noglob-pathspecs log --format=%s -- "**/bar" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success '**/ works with :(glob) and --noglob-pathspecs' '
@@ -154,9 +152,8 @@ test_expect_success '**/ works with --glob-pathspecs' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success '**/ does not work with :(literal) and --glob-pathspecs' '
-	: >expect &&
 	git --glob-pathspecs log --format=%s -- ":(literal)**/bar" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6132-pathspec-exclude.sh b/t/t6132-pathspec-exclude.sh
index e1e1b1fa38..eb829fce97 100755
--- a/t/t6132-pathspec-exclude.sh
+++ b/t/t6132-pathspec-exclude.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ test_description='test case exclude pathspec'
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	for p in file sub/file sub/sub/file sub/file2 sub/sub/sub/file sub2/file; do
 		if echo $p | grep /; then
-			mkdir -p `dirname $p`
+			mkdir -p $(dirname $p)
 		fi &&
 		: >$p &&
 		git add $p &&
@@ -25,8 +25,10 @@ EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'exclude only should error out' '
-	test_must_fail git log --oneline --format=%s -- ":(exclude)sub"
+test_expect_success 'exclude only pathspec uses default implicit pathspec' '
+	git log --oneline --format=%s -- . ":(exclude)sub" >expect &&
+	git log --oneline --format=%s -- ":(exclude)sub" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 't_e_i() exclude sub' '
@@ -181,4 +183,15 @@ EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'multiple exclusions' '
+	git ls-files -- ":^*/file2" ":^sub2" >actual &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	file
+	sub/file
+	sub/sub/file
+	sub/sub/sub/file
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6133-pathspec-rev-dwim.sh b/t/t6133-pathspec-rev-dwim.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a290ffca0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6133-pathspec-rev-dwim.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test dwim of revs versus pathspecs in revision parser'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit base &&
+	echo content >"br[ack]ets" &&
+	git add . &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m brackets
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non-rev wildcard dwims to pathspec' '
+	git log -- "*.t" >expect &&
+	git log    "*.t" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tree:path with metacharacters dwims to rev' '
+	git show "HEAD:br[ack]ets" -- >expect &&
+	git show "HEAD:br[ack]ets"    >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '^{foo} with metacharacters dwims to rev' '
+	git log "HEAD^{/b.*}" -- >expect &&
+	git log "HEAD^{/b.*}"    >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{foo} with metacharacters dwims to rev' '
+	git log "HEAD@{now [or thereabouts]}" -- >expect &&
+	git log "HEAD@{now [or thereabouts]}"    >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success ':/*.t from a subdir dwims to a pathspec' '
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		git log -- ":/*.t" >expect &&
+		git log    ":/*.t" >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6134-pathspec-in-submodule.sh b/t/t6134-pathspec-in-submodule.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c670668409
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6134-pathspec-in-submodule.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test case exclude pathspec'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup a submodule' '
+	test_create_repo pretzel &&
+	: >pretzel/a &&
+	git -C pretzel add a &&
+	git -C pretzel commit -m "add a file" -- a &&
+	git submodule add ./pretzel sub &&
+	git commit -a -m "add submodule" &&
+	git submodule deinit --all
+'
+
+cat <<EOF >expect
+fatal: Pathspec 'sub/a' is in submodule 'sub'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'error message for path inside submodule' '
+	echo a >sub/a &&
+	test_must_fail git add sub/a 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'error message for path inside submodule from within submodule' '
+	test_must_fail git -C sub add . 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "in unpopulated submodule" actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6135-pathspec-with-attrs.sh b/t/t6135-pathspec-with-attrs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..77b8cef661
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6135-pathspec-with-attrs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test labels in pathspecs'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup a tree' '
+	cat <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	fileA
+	fileAB
+	fileAC
+	fileB
+	fileBC
+	fileC
+	fileNoLabel
+	fileSetLabel
+	fileUnsetLabel
+	fileValue
+	fileWrongLabel
+	sub/fileA
+	sub/fileAB
+	sub/fileAC
+	sub/fileB
+	sub/fileBC
+	sub/fileC
+	sub/fileNoLabel
+	sub/fileSetLabel
+	sub/fileUnsetLabel
+	sub/fileValue
+	sub/fileWrongLabel
+	EOF
+	mkdir sub &&
+	while read path
+	do
+		: >$path &&
+		git add $path || return 1
+	done <expect &&
+	git commit -m "initial commit" &&
+	git ls-files >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pathspec with no attr' '
+	test_must_fail git ls-files ":(attr:)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pathspec with labels and non existent .gitattributes' '
+	git ls-files ":(attr:label)" >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup .gitattributes' '
+	cat <<-\EOF >.gitattributes &&
+	fileA labelA
+	fileB labelB
+	fileC labelC
+	fileAB labelA labelB
+	fileAC labelA labelC
+	fileBC labelB labelC
+	fileUnsetLabel -label
+	fileSetLabel label
+	fileValue label=foo
+	fileWrongLabel label☺
+	EOF
+	git add .gitattributes &&
+	git commit -m "add attributes"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check specific set attr' '
+	cat <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	fileSetLabel
+	sub/fileSetLabel
+	EOF
+	git ls-files ":(attr:label)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check specific unset attr' '
+	cat <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	fileUnsetLabel
+	sub/fileUnsetLabel
+	EOF
+	git ls-files ":(attr:-label)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check specific value attr' '
+	cat <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	fileValue
+	sub/fileValue
+	EOF
+	git ls-files ":(attr:label=foo)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git ls-files ":(attr:label=bar)" >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check unspecified attr' '
+	cat <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	.gitattributes
+	fileA
+	fileAB
+	fileAC
+	fileB
+	fileBC
+	fileC
+	fileNoLabel
+	fileWrongLabel
+	sub/fileA
+	sub/fileAB
+	sub/fileAC
+	sub/fileB
+	sub/fileBC
+	sub/fileC
+	sub/fileNoLabel
+	sub/fileWrongLabel
+	EOF
+	git ls-files ":(attr:!label)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check multiple unspecified attr' '
+	cat <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	.gitattributes
+	fileC
+	fileNoLabel
+	fileWrongLabel
+	sub/fileC
+	sub/fileNoLabel
+	sub/fileWrongLabel
+	EOF
+	git ls-files ":(attr:!labelB !labelA !label)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check label with more labels but excluded path' '
+	cat <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	fileAB
+	fileB
+	fileBC
+	EOF
+	git ls-files ":(attr:labelB)" ":(exclude)sub/" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check label excluding other labels' '
+	cat <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	fileAB
+	fileB
+	fileBC
+	sub/fileAB
+	sub/fileB
+	EOF
+	git ls-files ":(attr:labelB)" ":(exclude,attr:labelC)sub/" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fail on multiple attr specifiers in one pathspec item' '
+	test_must_fail git ls-files . ":(attr:labelB,attr:labelC)" 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Only one" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fail if attr magic is used places not implemented' '
+	# The main purpose of this test is to check that we actually fail
+	# when you attempt to use attr magic in commands that do not implement
+	# attr magic. This test does not advocate git-add to stay that way,
+	# though, but git-add is convenient as it has its own internal pathspec
+	# parsing.
+	test_must_fail git add ":(attr:labelB)" 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "unsupported magic" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'abort on giving invalid label on the command line' '
+	test_must_fail git ls-files . ":(attr:☺)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'abort on asking for wrong magic' '
+	test_must_fail git ls-files . ":(attr:-label=foo)" &&
+	test_must_fail git ls-files . ":(attr:!label=foo)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check attribute list' '
+	cat <<-EOF >>.gitattributes &&
+	* whitespace=indent,trail,space
+	EOF
+	git ls-files ":(attr:whitespace=indent\,trail\,space)" >actual &&
+	git ls-files >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'backslash cannot be the last character' '
+	test_must_fail git ls-files ":(attr:label=foo\\ labelA=bar)" 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "not allowed as last character in attr value" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'backslash cannot be used as a value' '
+	test_must_fail git ls-files ":(attr:label=f\\\oo)" 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "for value matching" actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh b/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh
index 2e2fb0e957..93f23cfa82 100755
--- a/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh
+++ b/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh
@@ -366,8 +366,6 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-msg with nothing to merge' '
 	test_unconfig merge.log &&
 	test_config merge.summary yes &&
 
-	>empty &&
-
 	(
 		cd remote &&
 		git checkout -b unrelated &&
@@ -376,7 +374,7 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-msg with nothing to merge' '
 		git fmt-merge-msg <.git/FETCH_HEAD >../actual
 	) &&
 
-	test_cmp empty actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge-msg tag' '
@@ -512,7 +510,7 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-msg with "merging" an annotated tag' '
 
 	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
 	annote=$(git rev-parse annote) &&
-	git merge --no-commit $annote &&
+	git merge --no-commit --no-ff $annote &&
 	{
 		cat <<-EOF
 		Merge tag '\''$annote'\''
diff --git a/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh b/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh
index c66bf7981c..024f8c06f7 100755
--- a/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh
+++ b/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh
@@ -7,9 +7,10 @@ test_description='for-each-ref test'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-gpg.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
 
-# Mon Jul 3 15:18:43 2006 +0000
-datestamp=1151939923
+# Mon Jul 3 23:18:43 2006 +0000
+datestamp=1151968723
 setdate_and_increment () {
     GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$datestamp +0200"
     datestamp=$(expr "$datestamp" + 1)
@@ -28,13 +29,17 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master master &&
 	git remote add origin nowhere &&
 	git config branch.master.remote origin &&
-	git config branch.master.merge refs/heads/master
+	git config branch.master.merge refs/heads/master &&
+	git remote add myfork elsewhere &&
+	git config remote.pushdefault myfork &&
+	git config push.default current
 '
 
 test_atom() {
 	case "$1" in
 		head) ref=refs/heads/master ;;
 		 tag) ref=refs/tags/testtag ;;
+		 sym) ref=refs/heads/sym ;;
 		   *) ref=$1 ;;
 	esac
 	printf '%s\n' "$3" >expected
@@ -46,10 +51,42 @@ test_atom() {
 }
 
 test_atom head refname refs/heads/master
+test_atom head refname: refs/heads/master
+test_atom head refname:short master
+test_atom head refname:lstrip=1 heads/master
+test_atom head refname:lstrip=2 master
+test_atom head refname:lstrip=-1 master
+test_atom head refname:lstrip=-2 heads/master
+test_atom head refname:rstrip=1 refs/heads
+test_atom head refname:rstrip=2 refs
+test_atom head refname:rstrip=-1 refs
+test_atom head refname:rstrip=-2 refs/heads
+test_atom head refname:strip=1 heads/master
+test_atom head refname:strip=2 master
+test_atom head refname:strip=-1 master
+test_atom head refname:strip=-2 heads/master
 test_atom head upstream refs/remotes/origin/master
+test_atom head upstream:short origin/master
+test_atom head upstream:lstrip=2 origin/master
+test_atom head upstream:lstrip=-2 origin/master
+test_atom head upstream:rstrip=2 refs/remotes
+test_atom head upstream:rstrip=-2 refs/remotes
+test_atom head upstream:strip=2 origin/master
+test_atom head upstream:strip=-2 origin/master
+test_atom head push refs/remotes/myfork/master
+test_atom head push:short myfork/master
+test_atom head push:lstrip=1 remotes/myfork/master
+test_atom head push:lstrip=-1 master
+test_atom head push:rstrip=1 refs/remotes/myfork
+test_atom head push:rstrip=-1 refs
+test_atom head push:strip=1 remotes/myfork/master
+test_atom head push:strip=-1 master
 test_atom head objecttype commit
 test_atom head objectsize 171
 test_atom head objectname $(git rev-parse refs/heads/master)
+test_atom head objectname:short $(git rev-parse --short refs/heads/master)
+test_atom head objectname:short=1 $(git rev-parse --short=1 refs/heads/master)
+test_atom head objectname:short=10 $(git rev-parse --short=10 refs/heads/master)
 test_atom head tree $(git rev-parse refs/heads/master^{tree})
 test_atom head parent ''
 test_atom head numparent 0
@@ -57,21 +94,21 @@ test_atom head object ''
 test_atom head type ''
 test_atom head '*objectname' ''
 test_atom head '*objecttype' ''
-test_atom head author 'A U Thor <author@example.com> 1151939924 +0200'
+test_atom head author 'A U Thor <author@example.com> 1151968724 +0200'
 test_atom head authorname 'A U Thor'
 test_atom head authoremail '<author@example.com>'
-test_atom head authordate 'Mon Jul 3 17:18:44 2006 +0200'
-test_atom head committer 'C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1151939923 +0200'
+test_atom head authordate 'Tue Jul 4 01:18:44 2006 +0200'
+test_atom head committer 'C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1151968723 +0200'
 test_atom head committername 'C O Mitter'
 test_atom head committeremail '<committer@example.com>'
-test_atom head committerdate 'Mon Jul 3 17:18:43 2006 +0200'
+test_atom head committerdate 'Tue Jul 4 01:18:43 2006 +0200'
 test_atom head tag ''
 test_atom head tagger ''
 test_atom head taggername ''
 test_atom head taggeremail ''
 test_atom head taggerdate ''
-test_atom head creator 'C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1151939923 +0200'
-test_atom head creatordate 'Mon Jul 3 17:18:43 2006 +0200'
+test_atom head creator 'C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1151968723 +0200'
+test_atom head creatordate 'Tue Jul 4 01:18:43 2006 +0200'
 test_atom head subject 'Initial'
 test_atom head contents:subject 'Initial'
 test_atom head body ''
@@ -82,16 +119,21 @@ test_atom head contents 'Initial
 test_atom head HEAD '*'
 
 test_atom tag refname refs/tags/testtag
+test_atom tag refname:short testtag
 test_atom tag upstream ''
+test_atom tag push ''
 test_atom tag objecttype tag
 test_atom tag objectsize 154
 test_atom tag objectname $(git rev-parse refs/tags/testtag)
+test_atom tag objectname:short $(git rev-parse --short refs/tags/testtag)
+test_atom head objectname:short=1 $(git rev-parse --short=1 refs/heads/master)
+test_atom head objectname:short=10 $(git rev-parse --short=10 refs/heads/master)
 test_atom tag tree ''
 test_atom tag parent ''
 test_atom tag numparent ''
 test_atom tag object $(git rev-parse refs/tags/testtag^0)
 test_atom tag type 'commit'
-test_atom tag '*objectname' '67a36f10722846e891fbada1ba48ed035de75581'
+test_atom tag '*objectname' 'ea122842f48be4afb2d1fc6a4b96c05885ab7463'
 test_atom tag '*objecttype' 'commit'
 test_atom tag author ''
 test_atom tag authorname ''
@@ -102,18 +144,18 @@ test_atom tag committername ''
 test_atom tag committeremail ''
 test_atom tag committerdate ''
 test_atom tag tag 'testtag'
-test_atom tag tagger 'C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1151939925 +0200'
+test_atom tag tagger 'C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1151968725 +0200'
 test_atom tag taggername 'C O Mitter'
 test_atom tag taggeremail '<committer@example.com>'
-test_atom tag taggerdate 'Mon Jul 3 17:18:45 2006 +0200'
-test_atom tag creator 'C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1151939925 +0200'
-test_atom tag creatordate 'Mon Jul 3 17:18:45 2006 +0200'
-test_atom tag subject 'Tagging at 1151939927'
-test_atom tag contents:subject 'Tagging at 1151939927'
+test_atom tag taggerdate 'Tue Jul 4 01:18:45 2006 +0200'
+test_atom tag creator 'C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1151968725 +0200'
+test_atom tag creatordate 'Tue Jul 4 01:18:45 2006 +0200'
+test_atom tag subject 'Tagging at 1151968727'
+test_atom tag contents:subject 'Tagging at 1151968727'
 test_atom tag body ''
 test_atom tag contents:body ''
 test_atom tag contents:signature ''
-test_atom tag contents 'Tagging at 1151939927
+test_atom tag contents 'Tagging at 1151968727
 '
 test_atom tag HEAD ' '
 
@@ -141,84 +183,136 @@ test_expect_success 'Check invalid format specifiers are errors' '
 	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:INVALID)" refs/heads
 '
 
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-'refs/heads/master' 'Mon Jul 3 17:18:43 2006 +0200' 'Mon Jul 3 17:18:44 2006 +0200'
-'refs/tags/testtag' 'Mon Jul 3 17:18:45 2006 +0200'
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'arguments to %(objectname:short=) must be positive integers' '
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname:short=0)" &&
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname:short=-1)" &&
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname:short=foo)"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'Check unformatted date fields output' '
-	(git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(committerdate) %(authordate)" refs/heads &&
-	git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(taggerdate)" refs/tags) >actual &&
+test_date () {
+	f=$1 &&
+	committer_date=$2 &&
+	author_date=$3 &&
+	tagger_date=$4 &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	'refs/heads/master' '$committer_date' '$author_date'
+	'refs/tags/testtag' '$tagger_date'
+	EOF
+	(
+		git for-each-ref --shell \
+			--format="%(refname) %(committerdate${f:+:$f}) %(authordate${f:+:$f})" \
+			refs/heads &&
+		git for-each-ref --shell \
+			--format="%(refname) %(taggerdate${f:+:$f})" \
+			refs/tags
+	) >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'Check unformatted date fields output' '
+	test_date "" \
+		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:43 2006 +0200" \
+		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:44 2006 +0200" \
+		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:45 2006 +0200"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'Check format "default" formatted date fields output' '
-	f=default &&
-	(git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(committerdate:$f) %(authordate:$f)" refs/heads &&
-	git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(taggerdate:$f)" refs/tags) >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_date default \
+		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:43 2006 +0200" \
+		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:44 2006 +0200" \
+		"Tue Jul 4 01:18:45 2006 +0200"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "default-local" date fields output' '
+	test_date default-local "Mon Jul 3 23:18:43 2006" "Mon Jul 3 23:18:44 2006" "Mon Jul 3 23:18:45 2006"
 '
 
 # Don't know how to do relative check because I can't know when this script
 # is going to be run and can't fake the current time to git, and hence can't
 # provide expected output.  Instead, I'll just make sure that "relative"
 # doesn't exit in error
-#
-#cat >expected <<\EOF
-#
-#EOF
-#
 test_expect_success 'Check format "relative" date fields output' '
 	f=relative &&
 	(git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(committerdate:$f) %(authordate:$f)" refs/heads &&
 	git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(taggerdate:$f)" refs/tags) >actual
 '
 
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-'refs/heads/master' '2006-07-03' '2006-07-03'
-'refs/tags/testtag' '2006-07-03'
-EOF
+# We just check that this is the same as "relative" for now.
+test_expect_success 'Check format "relative-local" date fields output' '
+	test_date relative-local \
+		"$(git for-each-ref --format="%(committerdate:relative)" refs/heads)" \
+		"$(git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:relative)" refs/heads)" \
+		"$(git for-each-ref --format="%(taggerdate:relative)" refs/tags)"
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'Check format "short" date fields output' '
-	f=short &&
-	(git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(committerdate:$f) %(authordate:$f)" refs/heads &&
-	git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(taggerdate:$f)" refs/tags) >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_date short 2006-07-04 2006-07-04 2006-07-04
 '
 
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-'refs/heads/master' 'Mon Jul 3 15:18:43 2006' 'Mon Jul 3 15:18:44 2006'
-'refs/tags/testtag' 'Mon Jul 3 15:18:45 2006'
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'Check format "short-local" date fields output' '
+	test_date short-local 2006-07-03 2006-07-03 2006-07-03
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'Check format "local" date fields output' '
-	f=local &&
-	(git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(committerdate:$f) %(authordate:$f)" refs/heads &&
-	git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(taggerdate:$f)" refs/tags) >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_date local \
+		"Mon Jul 3 23:18:43 2006" \
+		"Mon Jul 3 23:18:44 2006" \
+		"Mon Jul 3 23:18:45 2006"
 '
 
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-'refs/heads/master' '2006-07-03 17:18:43 +0200' '2006-07-03 17:18:44 +0200'
-'refs/tags/testtag' '2006-07-03 17:18:45 +0200'
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'Check format "iso8601" date fields output' '
-	f=iso8601 &&
-	(git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(committerdate:$f) %(authordate:$f)" refs/heads &&
-	git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(taggerdate:$f)" refs/tags) >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_date iso8601 \
+		"2006-07-04 01:18:43 +0200" \
+		"2006-07-04 01:18:44 +0200" \
+		"2006-07-04 01:18:45 +0200"
 '
 
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-'refs/heads/master' 'Mon, 3 Jul 2006 17:18:43 +0200' 'Mon, 3 Jul 2006 17:18:44 +0200'
-'refs/tags/testtag' 'Mon, 3 Jul 2006 17:18:45 +0200'
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'Check format "iso8601-local" date fields output' '
+	test_date iso8601-local "2006-07-03 23:18:43 +0000" "2006-07-03 23:18:44 +0000" "2006-07-03 23:18:45 +0000"
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'Check format "rfc2822" date fields output' '
-	f=rfc2822 &&
-	(git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(committerdate:$f) %(authordate:$f)" refs/heads &&
-	git for-each-ref --shell --format="%(refname) %(taggerdate:$f)" refs/tags) >actual &&
+	test_date rfc2822 \
+		"Tue, 4 Jul 2006 01:18:43 +0200" \
+		"Tue, 4 Jul 2006 01:18:44 +0200" \
+		"Tue, 4 Jul 2006 01:18:45 +0200"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "rfc2822-local" date fields output' '
+	test_date rfc2822-local "Mon, 3 Jul 2006 23:18:43 +0000" "Mon, 3 Jul 2006 23:18:44 +0000" "Mon, 3 Jul 2006 23:18:45 +0000"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "raw" date fields output' '
+	test_date raw "1151968723 +0200" "1151968724 +0200" "1151968725 +0200"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format "raw-local" date fields output' '
+	test_date raw-local "1151968723 +0000" "1151968724 +0000" "1151968725 +0000"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format of strftime date fields' '
+	echo "my date is 2006-07-04" >expected &&
+	git for-each-ref \
+	  --format="%(authordate:format:my date is %Y-%m-%d)" \
+	  refs/heads >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check format of strftime-local date fields' '
+	echo "my date is 2006-07-03" >expected &&
+	git for-each-ref \
+	  --format="%(authordate:format-local:my date is %Y-%m-%d)" \
+	  refs/heads >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'exercise strftime with odd fields' '
+	echo >expected &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:format:)" refs/heads >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	long="long format -- $ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID$ZERO_OID" &&
+	echo $long >expected &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(authordate:format:$long)" refs/heads >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
@@ -279,55 +373,21 @@ test_expect_success 'Quoting style: tcl' '
 
 for i in "--perl --shell" "-s --python" "--python --tcl" "--tcl --perl"; do
 	test_expect_success "more than one quoting style: $i" "
-		git for-each-ref $i 2>&1 | (read line &&
-		case \$line in
-		\"error: more than one quoting style\"*) : happy;;
-		*) false
-		esac)
+		test_must_fail git for-each-ref $i 2>err &&
+		grep '^error: more than one quoting style' err
 	"
 done
 
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-master
-testtag
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'Check short refname format' '
-	(git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:short)" refs/heads &&
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:short)" refs/tags) >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-cat >expected <<EOF
-origin/master
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'Check short upstream format' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(upstream:short)" refs/heads >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
 test_expect_success 'setup for upstream:track[short]' '
 	test_commit two
 '
 
-cat >expected <<EOF
-[ahead 1]
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'Check upstream:track format' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(upstream:track)" refs/heads >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-cat >expected <<EOF
->
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'Check upstream:trackshort format' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(upstream:trackshort)" refs/heads >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
+test_atom head upstream:track '[ahead 1]'
+test_atom head upstream:trackshort '>'
+test_atom head upstream:track,nobracket 'ahead 1'
+test_atom head upstream:nobracket,track 'ahead 1'
+test_atom head push:track '[ahead 1]'
+test_atom head push:trackshort '>'
 
 test_expect_success 'Check that :track[short] cannot be used with other atoms' '
 	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:track)" 2>/dev/null &&
@@ -336,7 +396,7 @@ test_expect_success 'Check that :track[short] cannot be used with other atoms' '
 
 test_expect_success 'Check that :track[short] works when upstream is invalid' '
 	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-
+	[gone]
 
 	EOF
 	test_when_finished "git config branch.master.merge refs/heads/master" &&
@@ -347,34 +407,41 @@ test_expect_success 'Check that :track[short] works when upstream is invalid' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-cat >expected <<EOF
-$(git rev-parse --short HEAD)
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'Check for invalid refname format' '
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:INVALID)"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'Check short objectname format' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname:short)" refs/heads >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+test_expect_success 'set up color tests' '
+	cat >expected.color <<-EOF &&
+	$(git rev-parse --short refs/heads/master) <GREEN>master<RESET>
+	$(git rev-parse --short refs/remotes/origin/master) <GREEN>origin/master<RESET>
+	$(git rev-parse --short refs/tags/testtag) <GREEN>testtag<RESET>
+	$(git rev-parse --short refs/tags/two) <GREEN>two<RESET>
+	EOF
+	sed "s/<[^>]*>//g" <expected.color >expected.bare &&
+	color_format="%(objectname:short) %(color:green)%(refname:short)"
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'Check for invalid refname format' '
-	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:INVALID)"
+test_expect_success TTY '%(color) shows color with a tty' '
+	test_terminal git for-each-ref --format="$color_format" >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected.color actual
 '
 
-get_color ()
-{
-	git config --get-color no.such.slot "$1"
-}
+test_expect_success '%(color) does not show color without tty' '
+	TERM=vt100 git for-each-ref --format="$color_format" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected.bare actual
+'
 
-cat >expected <<EOF
-$(git rev-parse --short refs/heads/master) $(get_color green)master$(get_color reset)
-$(git rev-parse --short refs/remotes/origin/master) $(get_color green)origin/master$(get_color reset)
-$(git rev-parse --short refs/tags/testtag) $(get_color green)testtag$(get_color reset)
-$(git rev-parse --short refs/tags/two) $(get_color green)two$(get_color reset)
-EOF
+test_expect_success '--color can override tty check' '
+	git for-each-ref --color --format="$color_format" >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected.color actual
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'Check %(color:...) ' '
-	git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname:short) %(color:green)%(refname:short)" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+test_expect_success 'color.ui=always does not override tty check' '
+	git -c color.ui=always for-each-ref --format="$color_format" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected.bare actual
 '
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
@@ -517,8 +584,8 @@ body contents
 $sig"
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
-$(git rev-parse refs/tags/master) <committer@example.com> refs/tags/master
 $(git rev-parse refs/tags/bogo) <committer@example.com> refs/tags/bogo
+$(git rev-parse refs/tags/master) <committer@example.com> refs/tags/master
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'Verify sort with multiple keys' '
@@ -526,4 +593,216 @@ test_expect_success 'Verify sort with multiple keys' '
 		refs/tags/bogo refs/tags/master > actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
+
+
+test_expect_success 'do not dereference NULL upon %(HEAD) on unborn branch' '
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(HEAD) %(refname:short)" refs/heads/ >actual &&
+	sed -e "s/^\* /  /" actual >expect &&
+	git checkout --orphan orphaned-branch &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(HEAD) %(refname:short)" refs/heads/ >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >trailers <<EOF
+Reviewed-by: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Signed-off-by: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+[ v2 updated patch description ]
+Acked-by: A U Thor
+  <author@example.com>
+EOF
+
+unfold () {
+	perl -0pe 's/\n\s+/ /g'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'set up trailers for next test' '
+	echo "Some contents" > two &&
+	git add two &&
+	git commit -F - <<-EOF
+	trailers: this commit message has trailers
+
+	Some message contents
+
+	$(cat trailers)
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(trailers:unfold) unfolds trailers' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(trailers:unfold)" refs/heads/master >actual &&
+	{
+		unfold <trailers
+		echo
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(trailers:only) shows only "key: value" trailers' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(trailers:only)" refs/heads/master >actual &&
+	{
+		grep -v patch.description <trailers &&
+		echo
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(trailers:only) and %(trailers:unfold) work together' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(trailers:only,unfold)" refs/heads/master >actual &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(trailers:unfold,only)" refs/heads/master >reverse &&
+	test_cmp actual reverse &&
+	{
+		grep -v patch.description <trailers | unfold &&
+		echo
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(contents:trailers:unfold) unfolds trailers' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(contents:trailers:unfold)" refs/heads/master >actual &&
+	{
+		unfold <trailers
+		echo
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(contents:trailers:only) shows only "key: value" trailers' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(contents:trailers:only)" refs/heads/master >actual &&
+	{
+		grep -v patch.description <trailers &&
+		echo
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(contents:trailers:only) and %(contents:trailers:unfold) work together' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(contents:trailers:only,unfold)" refs/heads/master >actual &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(contents:trailers:unfold,only)" refs/heads/master >reverse &&
+	test_cmp actual reverse &&
+	{
+		grep -v patch.description <trailers | unfold &&
+		echo
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(trailers) rejects unknown trailers arguments' '
+	# error message cannot be checked under i18n
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: unknown %(trailers) argument: unsupported
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(trailers:unsupported)" 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(contents:trailers) rejects unknown trailers arguments' '
+	# error message cannot be checked under i18n
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: unknown %(trailers) argument: unsupported
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(contents:trailers:unsupported)" 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'basic atom: head contents:trailers' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(contents:trailers)" refs/heads/master >actual &&
+	sanitize_pgp <actual >actual.clean &&
+	# git for-each-ref ends with a blank line
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	$(cat trailers)
+
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual.clean
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Add symbolic ref for the following tests' '
+	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/sym refs/heads/master
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+refs/heads/master
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify usage of %(symref) atom' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(symref)" refs/heads/sym >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+heads/master
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify usage of %(symref:short) atom' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(symref:short)" refs/heads/sym >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+master
+heads/master
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify usage of %(symref:lstrip) atom' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(symref:lstrip=2)" refs/heads/sym > actual &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(symref:lstrip=-2)" refs/heads/sym >> actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(symref:strip=2)" refs/heads/sym > actual &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(symref:strip=-2)" refs/heads/sym >> actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+refs
+refs/heads
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify usage of %(symref:rstrip) atom' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(symref:rstrip=2)" refs/heads/sym > actual &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(symref:rstrip=-2)" refs/heads/sym >> actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success ':remotename and :remoteref' '
+	git init remote-tests &&
+	(
+		cd remote-tests &&
+		test_commit initial &&
+		git remote add from fifth.coffee:blub &&
+		git config branch.master.remote from &&
+		git config branch.master.merge refs/heads/stable &&
+		git remote add to southridge.audio:repo &&
+		git config remote.to.push "refs/heads/*:refs/heads/pushed/*" &&
+		git config branch.master.pushRemote to &&
+		for pair in "%(upstream)=refs/remotes/from/stable" \
+			"%(upstream:remotename)=from" \
+			"%(upstream:remoteref)=refs/heads/stable" \
+			"%(push)=refs/remotes/to/pushed/master" \
+			"%(push:remotename)=to" \
+			"%(push:remoteref)=refs/heads/pushed/master"
+		do
+			echo "${pair#*=}" >expect &&
+			git for-each-ref --format="${pair%=*}" \
+				refs/heads/master >actual &&
+			test_cmp expect actual
+		done &&
+		git branch push-simple &&
+		git config branch.push-simple.pushRemote from &&
+		actual="$(git for-each-ref \
+			--format="%(push:remotename),%(push:remoteref)" \
+			refs/heads/push-simple)" &&
+		test from, = "$actual"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'for-each-ref --ignore-case ignores case' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" refs/heads/MASTER >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
+
+	echo refs/heads/master >expect &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" --ignore-case \
+		refs/heads/MASTER >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6301-for-each-ref-errors.sh b/t/t6301-for-each-ref-errors.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..49cc65bb58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6301-for-each-ref-errors.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='for-each-ref errors for broken refs'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+ZEROS=$ZERO_OID
+MISSING=abababababababababababababababababababab
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "Initial" &&
+	git tag testtag &&
+	git for-each-ref >full-list &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname) %(refname)" >brief-list
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Broken refs are reported correctly' '
+	r=refs/heads/bogus &&
+	: >.git/$r &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/$r" &&
+	echo "warning: ignoring broken ref $r" >broken-err &&
+	git for-each-ref >out 2>err &&
+	test_i18ncmp full-list out &&
+	test_i18ncmp broken-err err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'NULL_SHA1 refs are reported correctly' '
+	r=refs/heads/zeros &&
+	echo $ZEROS >.git/$r &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/$r" &&
+	echo "warning: ignoring broken ref $r" >zeros-err &&
+	git for-each-ref >out 2>err &&
+	test_cmp full-list out &&
+	test_i18ncmp zeros-err err &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname) %(refname)" >brief-out 2>brief-err &&
+	test_cmp brief-list brief-out &&
+	test_i18ncmp zeros-err brief-err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Missing objects are reported correctly' '
+	r=refs/heads/missing &&
+	echo $MISSING >.git/$r &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/$r" &&
+	echo "fatal: missing object $MISSING for $r" >missing-err &&
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref 2>err &&
+	test_i18ncmp missing-err err &&
+	(
+		cat brief-list &&
+		echo "$MISSING $r"
+	) | sort -k 2 >missing-brief-expected &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname) %(refname)" >brief-out 2>brief-err &&
+	test_cmp missing-brief-expected brief-out &&
+	test_must_be_empty brief-err
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6302-for-each-ref-filter.sh b/t/t6302-for-each-ref-filter.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..fc067ed672
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6302-for-each-ref-filter.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,444 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test for-each-refs usage of ref-filter APIs'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-gpg.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup some history and refs' '
+	test_commit one &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	test_commit three &&
+	git checkout -b side &&
+	test_commit four &&
+	git tag -m "An annotated tag" annotated-tag &&
+	git tag -m "Annonated doubly" doubly-annotated-tag annotated-tag &&
+
+	# Note that these "signed" tags might not actually be signed.
+	# Tests which care about the distinction should be marked
+	# with the GPG prereq.
+	if test_have_prereq GPG
+	then
+		sign=-s
+	else
+		sign=
+	fi &&
+	git tag $sign -m "A signed tag" signed-tag &&
+	git tag $sign -m "Signed doubly" doubly-signed-tag signed-tag &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	git update-ref refs/odd/spot master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'filtering with --points-at' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	refs/heads/master
+	refs/odd/spot
+	refs/tags/three
+	EOF
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" --points-at=master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check signed tags with --points-at' '
+	sed -e "s/Z$//" >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	refs/heads/side Z
+	refs/tags/annotated-tag four
+	refs/tags/four Z
+	refs/tags/signed-tag four
+	EOF
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname) %(*subject)" --points-at=side >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'filtering with --merged' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	refs/heads/master
+	refs/odd/spot
+	refs/tags/one
+	refs/tags/three
+	refs/tags/two
+	EOF
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" --merged=master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'filtering with --no-merged' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	refs/heads/side
+	refs/tags/annotated-tag
+	refs/tags/doubly-annotated-tag
+	refs/tags/doubly-signed-tag
+	refs/tags/four
+	refs/tags/signed-tag
+	EOF
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" --no-merged=master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'filtering with --contains' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	refs/heads/master
+	refs/heads/side
+	refs/odd/spot
+	refs/tags/annotated-tag
+	refs/tags/doubly-annotated-tag
+	refs/tags/doubly-signed-tag
+	refs/tags/four
+	refs/tags/signed-tag
+	refs/tags/three
+	refs/tags/two
+	EOF
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" --contains=two >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'filtering with --no-contains' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	refs/tags/one
+	EOF
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" --no-contains=two >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'filtering with --contains and --no-contains' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	refs/tags/two
+	EOF
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" --contains=two --no-contains=three >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(color) must fail' '
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(color)%(refname)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'left alignment is default' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	refname is refs/heads/master  |refs/heads/master
+	refname is refs/heads/side    |refs/heads/side
+	refname is refs/odd/spot      |refs/odd/spot
+	refname is refs/tags/annotated-tag|refs/tags/annotated-tag
+	refname is refs/tags/doubly-annotated-tag|refs/tags/doubly-annotated-tag
+	refname is refs/tags/doubly-signed-tag|refs/tags/doubly-signed-tag
+	refname is refs/tags/four     |refs/tags/four
+	refname is refs/tags/one      |refs/tags/one
+	refname is refs/tags/signed-tag|refs/tags/signed-tag
+	refname is refs/tags/three    |refs/tags/three
+	refname is refs/tags/two      |refs/tags/two
+	EOF
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(align:30)refname is %(refname)%(end)|%(refname)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'middle alignment' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	| refname is refs/heads/master |refs/heads/master
+	|  refname is refs/heads/side  |refs/heads/side
+	|   refname is refs/odd/spot   |refs/odd/spot
+	|refname is refs/tags/annotated-tag|refs/tags/annotated-tag
+	|refname is refs/tags/doubly-annotated-tag|refs/tags/doubly-annotated-tag
+	|refname is refs/tags/doubly-signed-tag|refs/tags/doubly-signed-tag
+	|  refname is refs/tags/four   |refs/tags/four
+	|   refname is refs/tags/one   |refs/tags/one
+	|refname is refs/tags/signed-tag|refs/tags/signed-tag
+	|  refname is refs/tags/three  |refs/tags/three
+	|   refname is refs/tags/two   |refs/tags/two
+	EOF
+	git for-each-ref --format="|%(align:middle,30)refname is %(refname)%(end)|%(refname)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'right alignment' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	|  refname is refs/heads/master|refs/heads/master
+	|    refname is refs/heads/side|refs/heads/side
+	|      refname is refs/odd/spot|refs/odd/spot
+	|refname is refs/tags/annotated-tag|refs/tags/annotated-tag
+	|refname is refs/tags/doubly-annotated-tag|refs/tags/doubly-annotated-tag
+	|refname is refs/tags/doubly-signed-tag|refs/tags/doubly-signed-tag
+	|     refname is refs/tags/four|refs/tags/four
+	|      refname is refs/tags/one|refs/tags/one
+	|refname is refs/tags/signed-tag|refs/tags/signed-tag
+	|    refname is refs/tags/three|refs/tags/three
+	|      refname is refs/tags/two|refs/tags/two
+	EOF
+	git for-each-ref --format="|%(align:30,right)refname is %(refname)%(end)|%(refname)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<-\EOF
+|       refname is refs/heads/master       |refs/heads/master
+|        refname is refs/heads/side        |refs/heads/side
+|         refname is refs/odd/spot         |refs/odd/spot
+|    refname is refs/tags/annotated-tag    |refs/tags/annotated-tag
+|refname is refs/tags/doubly-annotated-tag |refs/tags/doubly-annotated-tag
+|  refname is refs/tags/doubly-signed-tag  |refs/tags/doubly-signed-tag
+|        refname is refs/tags/four         |refs/tags/four
+|         refname is refs/tags/one         |refs/tags/one
+|     refname is refs/tags/signed-tag      |refs/tags/signed-tag
+|        refname is refs/tags/three        |refs/tags/three
+|         refname is refs/tags/two         |refs/tags/two
+EOF
+
+test_align_permutations() {
+	while read -r option
+	do
+		test_expect_success "align:$option" '
+			git for-each-ref --format="|%(align:$option)refname is %(refname)%(end)|%(refname)" >actual &&
+			test_cmp expect actual
+		'
+	done
+}
+
+test_align_permutations <<-\EOF
+	middle,42
+	42,middle
+	position=middle,42
+	42,position=middle
+	middle,width=42
+	width=42,middle
+	position=middle,width=42
+	width=42,position=middle
+EOF
+
+# Last one wins (silently) when multiple arguments of the same type are given
+
+test_align_permutations <<-\EOF
+	32,width=42,middle
+	width=30,42,middle
+	width=42,position=right,middle
+	42,right,position=middle
+EOF
+
+# Individual atoms inside %(align:...) and %(end) must not be quoted.
+
+test_expect_success 'alignment with format quote' "
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	|'      '\''master| A U Thor'\''      '|
+	|'       '\''side| A U Thor'\''       '|
+	|'     '\''odd/spot| A U Thor'\''     '|
+	|'      '\''annotated-tag| '\''       '|
+	|'   '\''doubly-annotated-tag| '\''   '|
+	|'    '\''doubly-signed-tag| '\''     '|
+	|'       '\''four| A U Thor'\''       '|
+	|'       '\''one| A U Thor'\''        '|
+	|'        '\''signed-tag| '\''        '|
+	|'      '\''three| A U Thor'\''       '|
+	|'       '\''two| A U Thor'\''        '|
+	EOF
+	git for-each-ref --shell --format=\"|%(align:30,middle)'%(refname:short)| %(authorname)'%(end)|\" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'nested alignment with quote formatting' "
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	|'         master               '|
+	|'           side               '|
+	|'       odd/spot               '|
+	|'  annotated-tag               '|
+	|'doubly-annotated-tag          '|
+	|'doubly-signed-tag             '|
+	|'           four               '|
+	|'            one               '|
+	|'     signed-tag               '|
+	|'          three               '|
+	|'            two               '|
+	EOF
+	git for-each-ref --shell --format='|%(align:30,left)%(align:15,right)%(refname:short)%(end)%(end)|' >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'check `%(contents:lines=1)`' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	master |three
+	side |four
+	odd/spot |three
+	annotated-tag |An annotated tag
+	doubly-annotated-tag |Annonated doubly
+	doubly-signed-tag |Signed doubly
+	four |four
+	one |one
+	signed-tag |A signed tag
+	three |three
+	two |two
+	EOF
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:short) |%(contents:lines=1)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check `%(contents:lines=0)`' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	master |
+	side |
+	odd/spot |
+	annotated-tag |
+	doubly-annotated-tag |
+	doubly-signed-tag |
+	four |
+	one |
+	signed-tag |
+	three |
+	two |
+	EOF
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:short) |%(contents:lines=0)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check `%(contents:lines=99999)`' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	master |three
+	side |four
+	odd/spot |three
+	annotated-tag |An annotated tag
+	doubly-annotated-tag |Annonated doubly
+	doubly-signed-tag |Signed doubly
+	four |four
+	one |one
+	signed-tag |A signed tag
+	three |three
+	two |two
+	EOF
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:short) |%(contents:lines=99999)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '`%(contents:lines=-1)` should fail' '
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:short) |%(contents:lines=-1)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup for version sort' '
+	test_commit foo1.3 &&
+	test_commit foo1.6 &&
+	test_commit foo1.10
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'version sort' '
+	git for-each-ref --sort=version:refname --format="%(refname:short)" refs/tags/ | grep "foo" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	foo1.3
+	foo1.6
+	foo1.10
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'version sort (shortened)' '
+	git for-each-ref --sort=v:refname --format="%(refname:short)" refs/tags/ | grep "foo" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	foo1.3
+	foo1.6
+	foo1.10
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reverse version sort' '
+	git for-each-ref --sort=-version:refname --format="%(refname:short)" refs/tags/ | grep "foo" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	foo1.10
+	foo1.6
+	foo1.3
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'improper usage of %(if), %(then), %(else) and %(end) atoms' '
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(if)" &&
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(then) %(end)" &&
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(else) %(end)" &&
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(if) %(else) %(end)" &&
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(if) %(then) %(then) %(end)" &&
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(then) %(else) %(end)" &&
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(if) %(else) %(end)" &&
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(if) %(then) %(else)" &&
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(if) %(else) %(then) %(end)" &&
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(if) %(then) %(else) %(else) %(end)" &&
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(if) %(end)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check %(if)...%(then)...%(end) atoms' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)%(if)%(authorname)%(then) Author: %(authorname)%(end)" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	refs/heads/master Author: A U Thor
+	refs/heads/side Author: A U Thor
+	refs/odd/spot Author: A U Thor
+	refs/tags/annotated-tag
+	refs/tags/doubly-annotated-tag
+	refs/tags/doubly-signed-tag
+	refs/tags/foo1.10 Author: A U Thor
+	refs/tags/foo1.3 Author: A U Thor
+	refs/tags/foo1.6 Author: A U Thor
+	refs/tags/four Author: A U Thor
+	refs/tags/one Author: A U Thor
+	refs/tags/signed-tag
+	refs/tags/three Author: A U Thor
+	refs/tags/two Author: A U Thor
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check %(if)...%(then)...%(else)...%(end) atoms' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(if)%(authorname)%(then)%(authorname)%(else)No author%(end): %(refname)" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	A U Thor: refs/heads/master
+	A U Thor: refs/heads/side
+	A U Thor: refs/odd/spot
+	No author: refs/tags/annotated-tag
+	No author: refs/tags/doubly-annotated-tag
+	No author: refs/tags/doubly-signed-tag
+	A U Thor: refs/tags/foo1.10
+	A U Thor: refs/tags/foo1.3
+	A U Thor: refs/tags/foo1.6
+	A U Thor: refs/tags/four
+	A U Thor: refs/tags/one
+	No author: refs/tags/signed-tag
+	A U Thor: refs/tags/three
+	A U Thor: refs/tags/two
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+test_expect_success 'ignore spaces in %(if) atom usage' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:short): %(if)%(HEAD)%(then)Head ref%(else)Not Head ref%(end)" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	master: Head ref
+	side: Not Head ref
+	odd/spot: Not Head ref
+	annotated-tag: Not Head ref
+	doubly-annotated-tag: Not Head ref
+	doubly-signed-tag: Not Head ref
+	foo1.10: Not Head ref
+	foo1.3: Not Head ref
+	foo1.6: Not Head ref
+	four: Not Head ref
+	one: Not Head ref
+	signed-tag: Not Head ref
+	three: Not Head ref
+	two: Not Head ref
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check %(if:equals=<string>)' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(if:equals=master)%(refname:short)%(then)Found master%(else)Not master%(end)" refs/heads/ >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	Found master
+	Not master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check %(if:notequals=<string>)' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(if:notequals=master)%(refname:short)%(then)Not master%(else)Found master%(end)" refs/heads/ >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	Found master
+	Not master
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--merged is incompatible with --no-merged' '
+	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --merged HEAD --no-merged HEAD
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6500-gc.sh b/t/t6500-gc.sh
index 63194d819e..818435f04e 100755
--- a/t/t6500-gc.sh
+++ b/t/t6500-gc.sh
@@ -5,6 +5,13 @@ test_description='basic git gc tests
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	# do not let the amount of physical memory affects gc
+	# behavior, make sure we always pack everything to one pack by
+	# default
+	git config gc.bigPackThreshold 2g
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'gc empty repository' '
 	git gc
 '
@@ -30,4 +37,119 @@ test_expect_success 'gc -h with invalid configuration' '
 	test_i18ngrep "[Uu]sage" broken/usage
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'gc is not aborted due to a stale symref' '
+	git init remote &&
+	(
+		cd remote &&
+		test_commit initial &&
+		git clone . ../client &&
+		git branch -m develop &&
+		cd ../client &&
+		git fetch --prune &&
+		git gc
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gc --keep-largest-pack' '
+	test_create_repo keep-pack &&
+	(
+		cd keep-pack &&
+		test_commit one &&
+		test_commit two &&
+		test_commit three &&
+		git gc &&
+		( cd .git/objects/pack && ls *.pack ) >pack-list &&
+		test_line_count = 1 pack-list &&
+		BASE_PACK=.git/objects/pack/pack-*.pack &&
+		test_commit four &&
+		git repack -d &&
+		test_commit five &&
+		git repack -d &&
+		( cd .git/objects/pack && ls *.pack ) >pack-list &&
+		test_line_count = 3 pack-list &&
+		git gc --keep-largest-pack &&
+		( cd .git/objects/pack && ls *.pack ) >pack-list &&
+		test_line_count = 2 pack-list &&
+		test_path_is_file $BASE_PACK &&
+		git fsck
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'auto gc with too many loose objects does not attempt to create bitmaps' '
+	test_config gc.auto 3 &&
+	test_config gc.autodetach false &&
+	test_config pack.writebitmaps true &&
+	# We need to create two object whose sha1s start with 17
+	# since this is what git gc counts.  As it happens, these
+	# two blobs will do so.
+	test_commit 263 &&
+	test_commit 410 &&
+	# Our first gc will create a pack; our second will create a second pack
+	git gc --auto &&
+	ls .git/objects/pack | sort >existing_packs &&
+	test_commit 523 &&
+	test_commit 790 &&
+
+	git gc --auto 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "^warning:" err &&
+	ls .git/objects/pack/ | sort >post_packs &&
+	comm -1 -3 existing_packs post_packs >new &&
+	comm -2 -3 existing_packs post_packs >del &&
+	test_line_count = 0 del && # No packs are deleted
+	test_line_count = 2 new # There is one new pack and its .idx
+'
+
+run_and_wait_for_auto_gc () {
+	# We read stdout from gc for the side effect of waiting until the
+	# background gc process exits, closing its fd 9.  Furthermore, the
+	# variable assignment from a command substitution preserves the
+	# exit status of the main gc process.
+	# Note: this fd trickery doesn't work on Windows, but there is no
+	# need to, because on Win the auto gc always runs in the foreground.
+	doesnt_matter=$(git gc --auto 9>&1)
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'background auto gc does not run if gc.log is present and recent but does if it is old' '
+	test_commit foo &&
+	test_commit bar &&
+	git repack &&
+	test_config gc.autopacklimit 1 &&
+	test_config gc.autodetach true &&
+	echo fleem >.git/gc.log &&
+	test_must_fail git gc --auto 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "^error:" err &&
+	test_config gc.logexpiry 5.days &&
+	test-tool chmtime =-345600 .git/gc.log &&
+	test_must_fail git gc --auto &&
+	test_config gc.logexpiry 2.days &&
+	run_and_wait_for_auto_gc &&
+	ls .git/objects/pack/pack-*.pack >packs &&
+	test_line_count = 1 packs
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'background auto gc respects lock for all operations' '
+	# make sure we run a background auto-gc
+	test_commit make-pack &&
+	git repack &&
+	test_config gc.autopacklimit 1 &&
+	test_config gc.autodetach true &&
+
+	# create a ref whose loose presence we can use to detect a pack-refs run
+	git update-ref refs/heads/should-be-loose HEAD &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/should-be-loose &&
+
+	# now fake a concurrent gc that holds the lock; we can use our
+	# shell pid so that it looks valid.
+	hostname=$(hostname || echo unknown) &&
+	printf "$$ %s" "$hostname" >.git/gc.pid &&
+
+	# our gc should exit zero without doing anything
+	run_and_wait_for_auto_gc &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/should-be-loose
+'
+
+# DO NOT leave a detached auto gc process running near the end of the
+# test script: it can run long enough in the background to racily
+# interfere with the cleanup in 'test_done'.
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6501-freshen-objects.sh b/t/t6501-freshen-objects.sh
index 157f3f91db..033871ee5f 100755
--- a/t/t6501-freshen-objects.sh
+++ b/t/t6501-freshen-objects.sh
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ for repack in '' true; do
 
 	test_expect_success "disable reflogs ($title)" '
 		git config core.logallrefupdates false &&
-		rm -rf .git/logs
+		git reflog expire --expire=all --all
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success "setup basic history ($title)" '
@@ -72,8 +72,7 @@ for repack in '' true; do
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success "simulate time passing ($title)" '
-		find .git/objects -type f |
-		xargs test-chmtime -v -86400
+		test-tool chmtime --get -86400 $(find .git/objects -type f)
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success "start writing new commit with old blob ($title)" '
@@ -103,8 +102,7 @@ for repack in '' true; do
 
 	test_expect_success "abandon objects again ($title)" '
 		git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
-		find .git/objects -type f |
-		xargs test-chmtime -v -86400
+		test-tool chmtime --get -86400 $(find .git/objects -type f)
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success "start writing new commit with same tree ($title)" '
@@ -129,4 +127,44 @@ for repack in '' true; do
 	'
 done
 
+test_expect_success 'do not complain about existing broken links (commit)' '
+	cat >broken-commit <<-\EOF &&
+	tree 0000000000000000000000000000000000000001
+	parent 0000000000000000000000000000000000000002
+	author whatever <whatever@example.com> 1234 -0000
+	committer whatever <whatever@example.com> 1234 -0000
+
+	some message
+	EOF
+	commit=$(git hash-object -t commit -w broken-commit) &&
+	git gc 2>stderr &&
+	verbose git cat-file -e $commit &&
+	test_must_be_empty stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not complain about existing broken links (tree)' '
+	cat >broken-tree <<-\EOF &&
+	100644 blob 0000000000000000000000000000000000000003	foo
+	EOF
+	tree=$(git mktree --missing <broken-tree) &&
+	git gc 2>stderr &&
+	git cat-file -e $tree &&
+	test_must_be_empty stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not complain about existing broken links (tag)' '
+	cat >broken-tag <<-\EOF &&
+	object 0000000000000000000000000000000000000004
+	type commit
+	tag broken
+	tagger whatever <whatever@example.com> 1234 -0000
+
+	this is a broken tag
+	EOF
+	tag=$(git hash-object -t tag -w broken-tag) &&
+	git gc 2>stderr &&
+	git cat-file -e $tag &&
+	test_must_be_empty stderr
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7001-mv.sh b/t/t7001-mv.sh
index 7b56081137..36b50d0b4c 100755
--- a/t/t7001-mv.sh
+++ b/t/t7001-mv.sh
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'checking the commit' \
-    'git diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
-    grep "^R100..*path0/COPYING..*path1/COPYING"'
+    'git diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD >actual &&
+    grep "^R100..*path0/COPYING..*path1/COPYING" actual'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'moving the file back into subdirectory' \
@@ -35,8 +35,14 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'checking the commit' \
-    'git diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
-    grep "^R100..*path1/COPYING..*path0/COPYING"'
+    'git diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD >actual &&
+    grep "^R100..*path1/COPYING..*path0/COPYING" actual'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'mv --dry-run does not move file' \
+    'git mv -n path0/COPYING MOVED &&
+     test -f path0/COPYING &&
+     test ! -f MOVED'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'checking -k on non-existing file' \
@@ -102,7 +108,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'adding another file' \
-    'cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../README path0/README &&
+    'cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../README.md path0/README &&
      git add path0/README &&
      git commit -m add2 -a'
 
@@ -116,10 +122,9 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'checking the commit' \
-    'git diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
-     grep "^R100..*path0/COPYING..*path2/COPYING" &&
-     git diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
-     grep "^R100..*path0/README..*path2/README"'
+    'git diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD >actual &&
+     grep "^R100..*path0/COPYING..*path2/COPYING" actual &&
+     grep "^R100..*path0/README..*path2/README" actual'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'succeed when source is a prefix of destination' \
@@ -135,10 +140,9 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'checking the commit' \
-    'git diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
-     grep "^R100..*path2/COPYING..*path1/path2/COPYING" &&
-     git diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD | \
-     grep "^R100..*path2/README..*path1/path2/README"'
+    'git diff-tree -r -M --name-status  HEAD^ HEAD >actual &&
+     grep "^R100..*path2/COPYING..*path1/path2/COPYING" actual &&
+     grep "^R100..*path2/README..*path1/path2/README" actual'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'do not move directory over existing directory' \
@@ -156,11 +160,11 @@ test_expect_success "Michael Cassar's test case" '
 	echo b > partA/outline.txt &&
 	echo c > papers/unsorted/_another &&
 	git add papers partA &&
-	T1=`git write-tree` &&
+	T1=$(git write-tree) &&
 
 	git mv papers/unsorted/Thesis.pdf papers/all-papers/moo-blah.pdf &&
 
-	T=`git write-tree` &&
+	T=$(git write-tree) &&
 	git ls-tree -r $T | verbose grep partA/outline.txt
 '
 
@@ -292,6 +296,9 @@ test_expect_success 'setup submodule' '
 	echo content >file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -m "added sub and file" &&
+	mkdir -p deep/directory/hierarchy &&
+	git submodule add ./. deep/directory/hierarchy/sub &&
+	git commit -m "added another submodule" &&
 	git branch submodule
 '
 
@@ -377,7 +384,7 @@ test_expect_success 'mv does not complain when no .gitmodules file is found' '
 	entry="$(git ls-files --stage sub | cut -f 1)" &&
 	mkdir mod &&
 	git mv sub mod/sub 2>actual.err &&
-	! test -s actual.err &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.err &&
 	! test -e sub &&
 	[ "$entry" = "$(git ls-files --stage mod/sub | cut -f 1)" ] &&
 	(
@@ -401,7 +408,7 @@ test_expect_success 'mv will error out on a modified .gitmodules file unless sta
 	git diff-files --quiet -- sub &&
 	git add .gitmodules &&
 	git mv sub mod/sub 2>actual.err &&
-	! test -s actual.err &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.err &&
 	! test -e sub &&
 	[ "$entry" = "$(git ls-files --stage mod/sub | cut -f 1)" ] &&
 	(
@@ -449,7 +456,7 @@ test_expect_success 'checking out a commit before submodule moved needs manual u
 	git mv sub sub2 &&
 	git commit -m "moved sub to sub2" &&
 	git checkout -q HEAD^ 2>actual &&
-	test_i18ngrep "^warning: unable to rmdir sub2:" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "^warning: unable to rmdir '\''sub2'\'':" actual &&
 	git status -s sub2 >actual &&
 	echo "?? sub2/" >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual &&
@@ -462,7 +469,7 @@ test_expect_success 'checking out a commit before submodule moved needs manual u
 	git update-index --refresh &&
 	git diff-files --quiet -- sub .gitmodules &&
 	git status -s sub2 >actual &&
-	! test -s actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'mv -k does not accidentally destroy submodules' '
@@ -475,4 +482,42 @@ test_expect_success 'mv -k does not accidentally destroy submodules' '
 	git checkout .
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'moving a submodule in nested directories' '
+	(
+		cd deep &&
+		git mv directory ../ &&
+		# git status would fail if the update of linking git dir to
+		# work dir of the submodule failed.
+		git status &&
+		git config -f ../.gitmodules submodule.deep/directory/hierarchy/sub.path >../actual &&
+		echo "directory/hierarchy/sub" >../expect
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'moving nested submodules' '
+	git commit -am "cleanup commit" &&
+	mkdir sub_nested_nested &&
+	(cd sub_nested_nested &&
+		touch nested_level2 &&
+		git init &&
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -m "nested level 2"
+	) &&
+	mkdir sub_nested &&
+	(cd sub_nested &&
+		touch nested_level1 &&
+		git init &&
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -m "nested level 1" &&
+		git submodule add ../sub_nested_nested &&
+		git commit -m "add nested level 2"
+	) &&
+	git submodule add ./sub_nested nested_move &&
+	git commit -m "add nested_move" &&
+	git submodule update --init --recursive &&
+	git mv nested_move sub_nested_moved &&
+	git status
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh b/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh
index 66643e4bd7..e23de7d0b5 100755
--- a/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 test_description='git filter-branch'
 . ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY/lib-gpg.sh"
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	test_commit A &&
@@ -106,6 +107,21 @@ test_expect_success 'test that the directory was renamed' '
 	test dir/D = "$(cat diroh/D.t)"
 '
 
+V=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+test_expect_success 'populate --state-branch' '
+	git filter-branch --state-branch state -f --tree-filter "touch file || :" HEAD
+'
+
+W=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+test_expect_success 'using --state-branch to skip already rewritten commits' '
+	test_when_finished git reset --hard $V &&
+	git reset --hard $V &&
+	git filter-branch --state-branch state -f --tree-filter "touch file || :" HEAD &&
+	test_cmp_rev $W HEAD
+'
+
 git tag oldD HEAD~4
 test_expect_success 'rewrite one branch, keeping a side branch' '
 	git branch modD oldD &&
@@ -186,7 +202,8 @@ test_expect_success 'author information is preserved' '
 			test \$GIT_COMMIT != $(git rev-parse master) || \
 			echo Hallo" \
 		preserved-author) &&
-	test 1 = $(git rev-list --author="B V Uips" preserved-author | wc -l)
+	git rev-list --author="B V Uips" preserved-author >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 1 actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success "remove a certain author's commits" '
@@ -204,7 +221,8 @@ test_expect_success "remove a certain author's commits" '
 	cnt1=$(git rev-list master | wc -l) &&
 	cnt2=$(git rev-list removed-author | wc -l) &&
 	test $cnt1 -eq $(($cnt2 + 1)) &&
-	test 0 = $(git rev-list --author="B V Uips" removed-author | wc -l)
+	git rev-list --author="B V Uips" removed-author >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'barf on invalid name' '
@@ -257,7 +275,8 @@ test_expect_success 'Subdirectory filter with disappearing trees' '
 	git commit -m "Re-adding foo" &&
 
 	git filter-branch -f --subdirectory-filter foo &&
-	test $(git rev-list master | wc -l) = 3
+	git rev-list master >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 3 actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'Tag name filtering retains tag message' '
@@ -292,6 +311,19 @@ test_expect_success 'Tag name filtering strips gpg signature' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'Filtering retains message of gpg signed commit' '
+	mkdir gpg &&
+	touch gpg/foo &&
+	git add gpg &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -S -m "Adding gpg" &&
+
+	git log -1 --format="%s" > expect &&
+	git filter-branch -f --msg-filter "cat" &&
+	git log -1 --format="%s" > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'Tag name filtering allows slashes in tag names' '
 	git tag -m tag-with-slash X/1 &&
 	git cat-file tag X/1 | sed -e s,X/1,X/2, > expect &&
@@ -299,6 +331,27 @@ test_expect_success 'Tag name filtering allows slashes in tag names' '
 	git cat-file tag X/2 > actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
+test_expect_success 'setup --prune-empty comparisons' '
+	git checkout --orphan master-no-a &&
+	git rm -rf . &&
+	unset test_tick &&
+	test_tick &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="@0 +0000" GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="@0 +0000" &&
+	test_commit --notick B B.t B Bx &&
+	git checkout -b branch-no-a Bx &&
+	test_commit D D.t D Dx &&
+	mkdir dir &&
+	test_commit dir/D dir/D.t dir/D dir/Dx &&
+	test_commit E E.t E Ex &&
+	git checkout master-no-a &&
+	test_commit C C.t C Cx &&
+	git checkout branch-no-a &&
+	git merge Cx -m "Merge tag '\''C'\'' into branch" &&
+	git tag Fx &&
+	test_commit G G.t G Gx &&
+	test_commit H H.t H Hx &&
+	git checkout branch
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'Prune empty commits' '
 	git rev-list HEAD > expect &&
@@ -319,6 +372,30 @@ test_expect_success 'prune empty collapsed merges' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'prune empty works even without index/tree filters' '
+	git rev-list HEAD >expect &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m empty &&
+	git filter-branch -f --prune-empty HEAD &&
+	git rev-list HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--prune-empty is able to prune root commit' '
+	git rev-list branch-no-a >expect &&
+	git branch testing H &&
+	git filter-branch -f --prune-empty --index-filter "git update-index --remove A.t" testing &&
+	git rev-list testing >actual &&
+	git branch -D testing &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--prune-empty is able to prune entire branch' '
+	git branch prune-entire B &&
+	git filter-branch -f --prune-empty --index-filter "git update-index --remove A.t B.t" prune-entire &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/prune-entire &&
+	test_must_fail git reflog exists refs/heads/prune-entire
+'
+
 test_expect_success '--remap-to-ancestor with filename filters' '
 	git checkout master &&
 	git reset --hard A &&
@@ -373,7 +450,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup submodule' '
 	git branch original HEAD
 '
 
-orig_head=`git show-ref --hash --head HEAD`
+orig_head=$(git show-ref --hash --head HEAD)
 
 test_expect_success 'rewrite submodule with another content' '
 	git filter-branch --tree-filter "test -d submod && {
@@ -382,7 +459,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rewrite submodule with another content' '
 					 mkdir submod &&
 					 : > submod/file
 					 } || :" HEAD &&
-	test $orig_head != `git show-ref --hash --head HEAD`
+	test $orig_head != $(git show-ref --hash --head HEAD)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'replace submodule revision' '
@@ -391,7 +468,38 @@ test_expect_success 'replace submodule revision' '
 	    "if git ls-files --error-unmatch -- submod > /dev/null 2>&1
 	     then git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 0123456789012345678901234567890123456789 submod
 	     fi" HEAD &&
-	test $orig_head != `git show-ref --hash --head HEAD`
+	test $orig_head != $(git show-ref --hash --head HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'filter commit message without trailing newline' '
+	git reset --hard original &&
+	commit=$(printf "no newline" | git commit-tree HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/no-newline $commit &&
+	git filter-branch -f refs/heads/no-newline &&
+	echo $commit >expect &&
+	git rev-parse refs/heads/no-newline >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tree-filter deals with object name vs pathname ambiguity' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard original" &&
+	ambiguous=$(git rev-list -1 HEAD) &&
+	git filter-branch --tree-filter "mv file.t $ambiguous" HEAD^.. &&
+	git show HEAD:$ambiguous
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rewrite repository including refs that point at non-commit object' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard original" &&
+	tree=$(git rev-parse HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	test_when_finished "git replace -d $tree" &&
+	echo A >new &&
+	git add new &&
+	new_tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	git replace $tree $new_tree &&
+	git tag -a -m "tag to a tree" treetag $new_tree &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD &&
+	git filter-branch -f -- --all >filter-output 2>&1 &&
+	! fgrep fatal filter-output
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7004-tag.sh b/t/t7004-tag.sh
index efb08c3496..0b01862c23 100755
--- a/t/t7004-tag.sh
+++ b/t/t7004-tag.sh
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ Tests for operations with tags.'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-gpg.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
 
 # creating and listing lightweight tags:
 
@@ -16,15 +17,38 @@ tag_exists () {
 	git show-ref --quiet --verify refs/tags/"$1"
 }
 
-# todo: git tag -l now returns always zero, when fixed, change this test
 test_expect_success 'listing all tags in an empty tree should succeed' '
 	git tag -l &&
 	git tag
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'listing all tags in an empty tree should output nothing' '
-	test `git tag -l | wc -l` -eq 0 &&
-	test `git tag | wc -l` -eq 0
+	test $(git tag -l | wc -l) -eq 0 &&
+	test $(git tag | wc -l) -eq 0
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sort tags, ignore case' '
+	(
+		git init sort &&
+		cd sort &&
+		test_commit initial &&
+		git tag tag-one &&
+		git tag TAG-two &&
+		git tag -l >actual &&
+		cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+		TAG-two
+		initial
+		tag-one
+		EOF
+		test_cmp expected actual &&
+		git tag -l -i >actual &&
+		cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+		initial
+		tag-one
+		TAG-two
+		EOF
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'looking for a tag in an empty tree should fail' \
@@ -47,11 +71,47 @@ test_expect_success 'creating a tag for an unknown revision should fail' '
 
 # commit used in the tests, test_tick is also called here to freeze the date:
 test_expect_success 'creating a tag using default HEAD should succeed' '
+	test_config core.logAllRefUpdates true &&
 	test_tick &&
 	echo foo >foo &&
 	git add foo &&
 	git commit -m Foo &&
-	git tag mytag
+	git tag mytag &&
+	test_must_fail git reflog exists refs/tags/mytag
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'creating a tag with --create-reflog should create reflog' '
+	git log -1 \
+		--format="format:tag: tagging %h (%s, %cd)%n" \
+		--date=format:%Y-%m-%d >expected &&
+	test_when_finished "git tag -d tag_with_reflog" &&
+	git tag --create-reflog tag_with_reflog &&
+	git reflog exists refs/tags/tag_with_reflog &&
+	sed -e "s/^.*	//" .git/logs/refs/tags/tag_with_reflog >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'annotated tag with --create-reflog has correct message' '
+	git log -1 \
+		--format="format:tag: tagging %h (%s, %cd)%n" \
+		--date=format:%Y-%m-%d >expected &&
+	test_when_finished "git tag -d tag_with_reflog" &&
+	git tag -m "annotated tag" --create-reflog tag_with_reflog &&
+	git reflog exists refs/tags/tag_with_reflog &&
+	sed -e "s/^.*	//" .git/logs/refs/tags/tag_with_reflog >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--create-reflog does not create reflog on failure' '
+	test_must_fail git tag --create-reflog mytag &&
+	test_must_fail git reflog exists refs/tags/mytag
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'option core.logAllRefUpdates=always creates reflog' '
+	test_when_finished "git tag -d tag_with_reflog" &&
+	test_config core.logAllRefUpdates always &&
+	git tag tag_with_reflog &&
+	git reflog exists refs/tags/tag_with_reflog
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'listing all tags if one exists should succeed' '
@@ -59,9 +119,21 @@ test_expect_success 'listing all tags if one exists should succeed' '
 	git tag
 '
 
+cat >expect <<EOF
+mytag
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'Multiple -l or --list options are equivalent to one -l option' '
+	git tag -l -l >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag --list --list >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag --list -l --list >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'listing all tags if one exists should output that tag' '
-	test `git tag -l` = mytag &&
-	test `git tag` = mytag
+	test $(git tag -l) = mytag &&
+	test $(git tag) = mytag
 '
 
 # pattern matching:
@@ -69,18 +141,20 @@ test_expect_success 'listing all tags if one exists should output that tag' '
 test_expect_success 'listing a tag using a matching pattern should succeed' \
 	'git tag -l mytag'
 
+test_expect_success 'listing a tag with --ignore-case' \
+	'test $(git tag -l --ignore-case MYTAG) = mytag'
+
 test_expect_success \
 	'listing a tag using a matching pattern should output that tag' \
-	'test `git tag -l mytag` = mytag'
+	'test $(git tag -l mytag) = mytag'
 
-# todo: git tag -l now returns always zero, when fixed, change this test
 test_expect_success \
-	'listing tags using a non-matching pattern should suceed' \
+	'listing tags using a non-matching pattern should succeed' \
 	'git tag -l xxx'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'listing tags using a non-matching pattern should output nothing' \
-	'test `git tag -l xxx | wc -l` -eq 0'
+	'test $(git tag -l xxx | wc -l) -eq 0'
 
 # special cases for creating tags:
 
@@ -90,13 +164,13 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'trying to create a tag with a non-valid name should fail' '
-	test `git tag -l | wc -l` -eq 1 &&
+	test $(git tag -l | wc -l) -eq 1 &&
 	test_must_fail git tag "" &&
 	test_must_fail git tag .othertag &&
 	test_must_fail git tag "other tag" &&
 	test_must_fail git tag "othertag^" &&
 	test_must_fail git tag "other~tag" &&
-	test `git tag -l | wc -l` -eq 1
+	test $(git tag -l | wc -l) -eq 1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'creating a tag using HEAD directly should succeed' '
@@ -110,11 +184,11 @@ test_expect_success '--force can create a tag with the name of one existing' '
 	tag_exists mytag'
 
 test_expect_success '--force is moot with a non-existing tag name' '
+	test_when_finished git tag -d newtag forcetag &&
 	git tag newtag >expect &&
 	git tag --force forcetag >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
-git tag -d newtag forcetag
 
 # deleting tags:
 
@@ -251,11 +325,10 @@ test_expect_success \
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
->expect
 test_expect_success \
 	'listing tags using v.* should print nothing because none have v.' '
 	git tag -l "v.*" > actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -275,8 +348,21 @@ test_expect_success 'tag -l can accept multiple patterns' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+# Between v1.7.7 & v2.13.0 a fair reading of the git-tag documentation
+# could leave you with the impression that "-l <pattern> -l <pattern>"
+# was how we wanted to accept multiple patterns.
+#
+# This test should not imply that this is a sane thing to support. but
+# since the documentation was worded like it was let's at least find
+# out if we're going to break this long-documented form of taking
+# multiple patterns.
+test_expect_success 'tag -l <pattern> -l <pattern> works, as our buggy documentation previously suggested' '
+	git tag -l "v1*" -l "v0*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'listing tags in column' '
-	COLUMNS=40 git tag -l --column=row >actual &&
+	COLUMNS=41 git tag -l --column=row >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
 a1      aa1     cba     t210    t211
 v0.2.1  v1.0    v1.0.1  v1.1.3
@@ -285,11 +371,9 @@ EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'listing tags in column with column.*' '
-	git config column.tag row &&
-	git config column.ui dense &&
+	test_config column.tag row &&
+	test_config column.ui dense &&
 	COLUMNS=40 git tag -l >actual &&
-	git config --unset column.ui &&
-	git config --unset column.tag &&
 	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
 a1      aa1   cba     t210    t211
 v0.2.1  v1.0  v1.0.1  v1.1.3
@@ -302,9 +386,8 @@ test_expect_success 'listing tag with -n --column should fail' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'listing tags -n in column with column.ui ignored' '
-	git config column.ui "row dense" &&
+	test_config column.ui "row dense" &&
 	COLUMNS=40 git tag -l -n >actual &&
-	git config --unset column.ui &&
 	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
 a1              Foo
 aa1             Foo
@@ -368,6 +451,21 @@ test_expect_success \
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+get_tag_header annotated-tag-edit $commit commit $time >expect
+echo "An edited message" >>expect
+test_expect_success 'set up editor' '
+	write_script fakeeditor <<-\EOF
+	sed -e "s/A message/An edited message/g" <"$1" >"$1-"
+	mv "$1-" "$1"
+	EOF
+'
+test_expect_success \
+	'creating an annotated tag with -m message --edit should succeed' '
+	GIT_EDITOR=./fakeeditor git tag -m "A message" --edit annotated-tag-edit &&
+	get_tag_msg annotated-tag-edit >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 cat >msgfile <<EOF
 Another message
 in a file.
@@ -381,6 +479,21 @@ test_expect_success \
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+get_tag_header file-annotated-tag-edit $commit commit $time >expect
+sed -e "s/Another message/Another edited message/g" msgfile >>expect
+test_expect_success 'set up editor' '
+	write_script fakeeditor <<-\EOF
+	sed -e "s/Another message/Another edited message/g" <"$1" >"$1-"
+	mv "$1-" "$1"
+	EOF
+'
+test_expect_success \
+	'creating an annotated tag with -F messagefile --edit should succeed' '
+	GIT_EDITOR=./fakeeditor git tag -F msgfile --edit file-annotated-tag-edit &&
+	get_tag_msg file-annotated-tag-edit >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 cat >inputmsg <<EOF
 A message from the
 standard input
@@ -560,6 +673,11 @@ test_expect_success \
 	git tag -n0 -l tag-one-line >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 
+	git tag -n0 | grep "^tag-one-line" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git tag -n0 tag-one-line >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
 	echo "tag-one-line    A msg" >expect &&
 	git tag -n1 -l | grep "^tag-one-line" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
@@ -573,6 +691,16 @@ test_expect_success \
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'The -n 100 invocation means -n --list 100, not -n100' '
+	git tag -n 100 >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
+
+	git tag -m "A msg" 100 &&
+	echo "100             A msg" >expect &&
+	git tag -n 100 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success \
 	'listing the zero-lines message of a non-signed tag should succeed' '
 	git tag -m "" tag-zero-lines &&
@@ -763,6 +891,47 @@ test_expect_success GPG '-s implies annotated tag' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+get_tag_header forcesignannotated-implied-sign $commit commit $time >expect
+echo "A message" >>expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'git tag -s implied if configured with tag.forcesignannotated' \
+	'test_config tag.forcesignannotated true &&
+	git tag -m "A message" forcesignannotated-implied-sign &&
+	get_tag_msg forcesignannotated-implied-sign >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'lightweight with no message when configured with tag.forcesignannotated' \
+	'test_config tag.forcesignannotated true &&
+	git tag forcesignannotated-lightweight &&
+	tag_exists forcesignannotated-lightweight &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -v forcesignannotated-no-message
+'
+
+get_tag_header forcesignannotated-annotate $commit commit $time >expect
+echo "A message" >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'git tag -a disable configured tag.forcesignannotated' \
+	'test_config tag.forcesignannotated true &&
+	git tag -a -m "A message" forcesignannotated-annotate &&
+	get_tag_msg forcesignannotated-annotate >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -v forcesignannotated-annotate
+'
+
+get_tag_header forcesignannotated-disabled $commit commit $time >expect
+echo "A message" >>expect
+echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'git tag --sign enable GPG sign' \
+	'test_config tag.forcesignannotated false &&
+	git tag --sign -m "A message" forcesignannotated-disabled &&
+	get_tag_msg forcesignannotated-disabled >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success GPG \
 	'trying to create a signed tag with non-existing -F file should fail' '
 	! test -f nonexistingfile &&
@@ -794,6 +963,19 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'verifying a forged tag should fail' '
 	test_must_fail git tag -v forged-tag
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'verifying a proper tag with --format pass and format accordingly' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	tagname : signed-tag
+	EOF
+	git tag -v --format="tagname : %(tag)" "signed-tag" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'verifying a forged tag with --format should fail silently' '
+	test_must_fail git tag -v --format="tagname : %(tag)" "forged-tag" >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
 # blank and empty messages for signed tags:
 
 get_tag_header empty-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
@@ -871,7 +1053,18 @@ test_expect_success GPG \
 	git tag -s -F sigblanknonlfile blanknonlfile-signed-tag &&
 	get_tag_msg blanknonlfile-signed-tag >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
-	git tag -v signed-tag
+	git tag -v blanknonlfile-signed-tag
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'signed tag with embedded PGP message' '
+	cat >msg <<-\EOF &&
+	-----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE-----
+
+	this is not a real PGP message
+	-----END PGP MESSAGE-----
+	EOF
+	git tag -s -F msg confusing-pgp-message &&
+	git tag -v confusing-pgp-message
 '
 
 # messages with commented lines for signed tags:
@@ -1147,11 +1340,30 @@ test_expect_success GPG,RFC1991 \
 '
 
 # try to sign with bad user.signingkey
-git config user.signingkey BobTheMouse
 test_expect_success GPG \
-	'git tag -s fails if gpg is misconfigured' \
-	'test_must_fail git tag -s -m tail tag-gpg-failure'
-git config --unset user.signingkey
+	'git tag -s fails if gpg is misconfigured (bad key)' \
+	'test_config user.signingkey BobTheMouse &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -s -m tail tag-gpg-failure'
+
+# try to produce invalid signature
+test_expect_success GPG \
+	'git tag -s fails if gpg is misconfigured (bad signature format)' \
+	'test_config gpg.program echo &&
+	 test_must_fail git tag -s -m tail tag-gpg-failure'
+
+# try to sign with bad user.signingkey
+test_expect_success GPGSM \
+	'git tag -s fails if gpgsm is misconfigured (bad key)' \
+	'test_config user.signingkey BobTheMouse &&
+	 test_config gpg.format x509 &&
+	 test_must_fail git tag -s -m tail tag-gpg-failure'
+
+# try to produce invalid signature
+test_expect_success GPGSM \
+	'git tag -s fails if gpgsm is misconfigured (bad signature format)' \
+	'test_config gpg.x509.program echo &&
+	 test_config gpg.format x509 &&
+	 test_must_fail git tag -s -m tail tag-gpg-failure'
 
 # try to verify without gpg:
 
@@ -1180,9 +1392,8 @@ test_expect_success 'message in editor has initial comment: first line' '
 test_expect_success \
 	'message in editor has initial comment: remainder' '
 	# remove commented lines from the remainder -- should be empty
-	>rest.expect &&
 	sed -e 1d -e "/^#/d" <actual >rest.actual &&
-	test_cmp rest.expect rest.actual
+	test_must_be_empty rest.actual
 '
 
 get_tag_header reuse $commit commit $time >expect
@@ -1262,6 +1473,22 @@ test_expect_success 'checking that first commit is in all tags (relative)' "
 	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
+# All the --contains tests above, but with --no-contains
+test_expect_success 'checking that first commit is not listed in any tag with --no-contains  (hash)' "
+	git tag -l --no-contains $hash1 v* >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that first commit is in all tags (tag)' "
+	git tag -l --no-contains v1.0 v* >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that first commit is in all tags (relative)' "
+	git tag -l --no-contains HEAD~2 v* >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+"
+
 cat > expected <<EOF
 v2.0
 EOF
@@ -1271,12 +1498,33 @@ test_expect_success 'checking that second commit only has one tag' "
 	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
-
 cat > expected <<EOF
+v0.2.1
+v1.0
+v1.0.1
+v1.1.3
 EOF
 
+test_expect_success 'inverse of the last test, with --no-contains' "
+	git tag -l --no-contains $hash2 v* >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
 test_expect_success 'checking that third commit has no tags' "
 	git tag -l --contains $hash3 v* >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+"
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v0.2.1
+v1.0
+v1.0.1
+v1.1.3
+v2.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'conversely --no-contains on the third commit lists all tags' "
+	git tag -l --no-contains $hash3 v* >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
@@ -1301,6 +1549,19 @@ test_expect_success 'checking that branch head only has one tag' "
 	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v0.2.1
+v1.0
+v1.0.1
+v1.1.3
+v2.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that branch head with --no-contains lists all but one tag' "
+	git tag -l --no-contains $hash4 v* >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
 test_expect_success 'merging original branch into this branch' '
 	git merge --strategy=ours master &&
         git tag v4.0
@@ -1322,6 +1583,20 @@ v1.0.1
 v1.1.3
 v2.0
 v3.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that original branch head with --no-contains lists all but one tag now' "
+	git tag -l --no-contains $hash3 v* >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v0.2.1
+v1.0
+v1.0.1
+v1.1.3
+v2.0
+v3.0
 v4.0
 EOF
 
@@ -1330,21 +1605,75 @@ test_expect_success 'checking that initial commit is in all tags' "
 	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
+test_expect_success 'checking that --contains can be used in non-list mode' '
+	git tag --contains $hash1 v* >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that initial commit is in all tags with --no-contains' "
+	git tag -l --no-contains $hash1 v* >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+"
+
 # mixing modes and options:
 
 test_expect_success 'mixing incompatibles modes and options is forbidden' '
 	test_must_fail git tag -a &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -a -l &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -s &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -s -l &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -m &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -m -l &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -m "hlagh" &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -m "hlagh" -l &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -F &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -F -l &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -f &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -f -l &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -a -s -m -F &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -a -s -m -F -l &&
 	test_must_fail git tag -l -v &&
-	test_must_fail git tag -n 100 &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -l -d &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -l -v -d &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -n 100 -v &&
 	test_must_fail git tag -l -m msg &&
 	test_must_fail git tag -l -F some file &&
-	test_must_fail git tag -v -s
-'
+	test_must_fail git tag -v -s &&
+	test_must_fail git tag --contains tag-tree &&
+	test_must_fail git tag --contains tag-blob &&
+	test_must_fail git tag --no-contains tag-tree &&
+	test_must_fail git tag --no-contains tag-blob &&
+	test_must_fail git tag --contains --no-contains &&
+	test_must_fail git tag --no-with HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git tag --no-without HEAD
+'
+
+for option in --contains --with --no-contains --without --merged --no-merged --points-at
+do
+	test_expect_success "mixing incompatible modes with $option is forbidden" "
+		test_must_fail git tag -d $option HEAD &&
+		test_must_fail git tag -d $option HEAD some-tag &&
+		test_must_fail git tag -v $option HEAD
+	"
+	test_expect_success "Doing 'git tag --list-like $option <commit> <pattern> is permitted" "
+		git tag -n $option HEAD HEAD &&
+		git tag $option HEAD HEAD &&
+		git tag $option
+	"
+done
 
 # check points-at
 
-test_expect_success '--points-at cannot be used in non-list mode' '
-	test_must_fail git tag --points-at=v4.0 foo
+test_expect_success '--points-at can be used in non-list mode' '
+	echo v4.0 >expect &&
+	git tag --points-at=v4.0 "v*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--points-at is a synonym for --points-at HEAD' '
+	echo v4.0 >expect &&
+	git tag --points-at >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--points-at finds lightweight tags' '
@@ -1424,7 +1753,7 @@ test_expect_success 'reverse lexical sort' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'configured lexical sort' '
-	git config tag.sort "v:refname" &&
+	test_config tag.sort "v:refname" &&
 	git tag -l "foo*" >actual &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	foo1.3
@@ -1435,6 +1764,7 @@ test_expect_success 'configured lexical sort' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'option override configured sort' '
+	test_config tag.sort "v:refname" &&
 	git tag -l --sort=-refname "foo*" >actual &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	foo1.6
@@ -1449,25 +1779,136 @@ test_expect_success 'invalid sort parameter on command line' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'invalid sort parameter in configuratoin' '
-	git config tag.sort "v:notvalid" &&
-	git tag -l "foo*" >actual &&
+	test_config tag.sort "v:notvalid" &&
+	test_must_fail git tag -l "foo*"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'version sort with prerelease reordering' '
+	test_config versionsort.prereleaseSuffix -rc &&
+	git tag foo1.6-rc1 &&
+	git tag foo1.6-rc2 &&
+	git tag -l --sort=version:refname "foo*" >actual &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	foo1.10
 	foo1.3
+	foo1.6-rc1
+	foo1.6-rc2
 	foo1.6
+	foo1.10
 	EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-run_with_limited_stack () {
-	(ulimit -s 128 && "$@")
-}
+test_expect_success 'reverse version sort with prerelease reordering' '
+	test_config versionsort.prereleaseSuffix -rc &&
+	git tag -l --sort=-version:refname "foo*" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	foo1.10
+	foo1.6
+	foo1.6-rc2
+	foo1.6-rc1
+	foo1.3
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
-test_lazy_prereq ULIMIT 'run_with_limited_stack true'
+test_expect_success 'version sort with prerelease reordering and common leading character' '
+	test_config versionsort.prereleaseSuffix -before &&
+	git tag foo1.7-before1 &&
+	git tag foo1.7 &&
+	git tag foo1.7-after1 &&
+	git tag -l --sort=version:refname "foo1.7*" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	foo1.7-before1
+	foo1.7
+	foo1.7-after1
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
-# we require ulimit, this excludes Windows
-test_expect_success ULIMIT '--contains works in a deep repo' '
-	>expect &&
+test_expect_success 'version sort with prerelease reordering, multiple suffixes and common leading character' '
+	test_config versionsort.prereleaseSuffix -before &&
+	git config --add versionsort.prereleaseSuffix -after &&
+	git tag -l --sort=version:refname "foo1.7*" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	foo1.7-before1
+	foo1.7-after1
+	foo1.7
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'version sort with prerelease reordering, multiple suffixes match the same tag' '
+	test_config versionsort.prereleaseSuffix -bar &&
+	git config --add versionsort.prereleaseSuffix -foo-baz &&
+	git config --add versionsort.prereleaseSuffix -foo-bar &&
+	git tag foo1.8-foo-bar &&
+	git tag foo1.8-foo-baz &&
+	git tag foo1.8 &&
+	git tag -l --sort=version:refname "foo1.8*" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	foo1.8-foo-baz
+	foo1.8-foo-bar
+	foo1.8
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'version sort with prerelease reordering, multiple suffixes match starting at the same position' '
+	test_config versionsort.prereleaseSuffix -pre &&
+	git config --add versionsort.prereleaseSuffix -prerelease &&
+	git tag foo1.9-pre1 &&
+	git tag foo1.9-pre2 &&
+	git tag foo1.9-prerelease1 &&
+	git tag -l --sort=version:refname "foo1.9*" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	foo1.9-pre1
+	foo1.9-pre2
+	foo1.9-prerelease1
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'version sort with general suffix reordering' '
+	test_config versionsort.suffix -alpha &&
+	git config --add versionsort.suffix -beta &&
+	git config --add versionsort.suffix ""  &&
+	git config --add versionsort.suffix -gamma &&
+	git config --add versionsort.suffix -delta &&
+	git tag foo1.10-alpha &&
+	git tag foo1.10-beta &&
+	git tag foo1.10-gamma &&
+	git tag foo1.10-delta &&
+	git tag foo1.10-unlisted-suffix &&
+	git tag -l --sort=version:refname "foo1.10*" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	foo1.10-alpha
+	foo1.10-beta
+	foo1.10
+	foo1.10-unlisted-suffix
+	foo1.10-gamma
+	foo1.10-delta
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'versionsort.suffix overrides versionsort.prereleaseSuffix' '
+	test_config versionsort.suffix -before &&
+	test_config versionsort.prereleaseSuffix -after &&
+	git tag -l --sort=version:refname "foo1.7*" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	foo1.7-before1
+	foo1.7
+	foo1.7-after1
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'version sort with very long prerelease suffix' '
+	test_config versionsort.prereleaseSuffix -very-looooooooooooooooooooooooong-prerelease-suffix &&
+	git tag -l --sort=version:refname
+'
+
+test_expect_success ULIMIT_STACK_SIZE '--contains and --no-contains work in a deep repo' '
 	i=1 &&
 	while test $i -lt 8000
 	do
@@ -1482,7 +1923,141 @@ EOF"
 	git checkout master &&
 	git tag far-far-away HEAD^ &&
 	run_with_limited_stack git tag --contains HEAD >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
+	run_with_limited_stack git tag --no-contains HEAD >actual &&
+	test_line_count "-gt" 10 actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--format should list tags as per format given' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	refname : refs/tags/v1.0
+	refname : refs/tags/v1.0.1
+	refname : refs/tags/v1.1.3
+	EOF
+	git tag -l --format="refname : %(refname)" "v1*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "set up color tests" '
+	echo "<RED>v1.0<RESET>" >expect.color &&
+	echo "v1.0" >expect.bare &&
+	color_args="--format=%(color:red)%(refname:short) --list v1.0"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%(color) omitted without tty' '
+	TERM=vt100 git tag $color_args >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.bare actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY '%(color) present with tty' '
+	test_terminal git tag $color_args >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.color actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--color overrides auto-color' '
+	git tag --color $color_args >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.color actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'color.ui=always overrides auto-color' '
+	git -c color.ui=always tag $color_args >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.color actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup --merged test tags' '
+	git tag mergetest-1 HEAD~2 &&
+	git tag mergetest-2 HEAD~1 &&
+	git tag mergetest-3 HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--merged can be used in non-list mode' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	mergetest-1
+	mergetest-2
+	EOF
+	git tag --merged=mergetest-2 "mergetest*" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--merged is incompatible with --no-merged' '
+	test_must_fail git tag --merged HEAD --no-merged HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--merged shows merged tags' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	mergetest-1
+	mergetest-2
+	EOF
+	git tag -l --merged=mergetest-2 mergetest-* >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-merged show unmerged tags' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	mergetest-3
+	EOF
+	git tag -l --no-merged=mergetest-2 mergetest-* >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-merged can be used in non-list mode' '
+	git tag --no-merged=mergetest-2 mergetest-* >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ambiguous branch/tags not marked' '
+	git tag ambiguous &&
+	git branch ambiguous &&
+	echo ambiguous >expect &&
+	git tag -l ambiguous >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--contains combined with --no-contains' '
+	(
+		git init no-contains &&
+		cd no-contains &&
+		test_commit v0.1 &&
+		test_commit v0.2 &&
+		test_commit v0.3 &&
+		test_commit v0.4 &&
+		test_commit v0.5 &&
+		cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+		v0.2
+		v0.3
+		v0.4
+		EOF
+		git tag --contains v0.2 --no-contains v0.5 >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	)
+'
+
+# As the docs say, list tags which contain a specified *commit*. We
+# don't recurse down to tags for trees or blobs pointed to by *those*
+# commits.
+test_expect_success 'Does --[no-]contains stop at commits? Yes!' '
+	cd no-contains &&
+	blob=$(git rev-parse v0.3:v0.3.t) &&
+	tree=$(git rev-parse v0.3^{tree}) &&
+	git tag tag-blob $blob &&
+	git tag tag-tree $tree &&
+	git tag --contains v0.3 >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	v0.3
+	v0.4
+	v0.5
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	git tag --no-contains v0.3 >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	v0.1
+	v0.2
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7005-editor.sh b/t/t7005-editor.sh
index 1b530b5022..b2ca77b338 100755
--- a/t/t7005-editor.sh
+++ b/t/t7005-editor.sh
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	test_commit "$msg" &&
 	echo "$msg" >expect &&
 	git show -s --format=%s > actual &&
-	test_cmp actual expect
+	test_cmp expect actual
 
 '
 
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ do
 		git --exec-path=. commit --amend &&
 		git show -s --pretty=oneline |
 		sed -e "s/^[0-9a-f]* //" >actual &&
-		test_cmp actual expect
+		test_cmp expect actual
 	'
 done
 
@@ -107,18 +107,12 @@ do
 		git --exec-path=. commit --amend &&
 		git show -s --pretty=oneline |
 		sed -e "s/^[0-9a-f]* //" >actual &&
-		test_cmp actual expect
+		test_cmp expect actual
 	'
 done
 
-if echo 'echo space > "$1"' > "e space.sh"
-then
-	# FS supports spaces in filenames
-	test_set_prereq SPACES_IN_FILENAMES
-fi
-
-test_expect_success SPACES_IN_FILENAMES 'editor with a space' '
-
+test_expect_success 'editor with a space' '
+	echo "echo space >\$1" >"e space.sh" &&
 	chmod a+x "e space.sh" &&
 	GIT_EDITOR="./e\ space.sh" git commit --amend &&
 	test space = "$(git show -s --pretty=format:%s)"
@@ -126,7 +120,7 @@ test_expect_success SPACES_IN_FILENAMES 'editor with a space' '
 '
 
 unset GIT_EDITOR
-test_expect_success SPACES_IN_FILENAMES 'core.editor with a space' '
+test_expect_success 'core.editor with a space' '
 
 	git config core.editor \"./e\ space.sh\" &&
 	git commit --amend &&
diff --git a/t/t7006-pager.sh b/t/t7006-pager.sh
index 947b690fd7..00e09a375c 100755
--- a/t/t7006-pager.sh
+++ b/t/t7006-pager.sh
@@ -49,6 +49,19 @@ test_expect_success TTY 'LESS and LV envvars are set for pagination' '
 	grep ^LV= pager-env.out
 '
 
+test_expect_success !MINGW,TTY 'LESS and LV envvars set by git-sh-setup' '
+	(
+		sane_unset LESS LV &&
+		PAGER="env >pager-env.out; wc" &&
+		export PAGER &&
+		PATH="$(git --exec-path):$PATH" &&
+		export PATH &&
+		test_terminal sh -c ". git-sh-setup && git_pager"
+	) &&
+	grep ^LESS= pager-env.out &&
+	grep ^LV= pager-env.out
+'
+
 test_expect_success TTY 'some commands do not use a pager' '
 	rm -f paginated.out &&
 	test_terminal git rev-list HEAD &&
@@ -97,13 +110,6 @@ test_expect_success TTY 'configuration can disable pager' '
 	! test -e paginated.out
 '
 
-test_expect_success TTY 'git config uses a pager if configured to' '
-	rm -f paginated.out &&
-	test_config pager.config true &&
-	test_terminal git config --list &&
-	test -e paginated.out
-'
-
 test_expect_success TTY 'configuration can enable pager (from subdir)' '
 	rm -f paginated.out &&
 	mkdir -p subdir &&
@@ -121,6 +127,166 @@ test_expect_success TTY 'configuration can enable pager (from subdir)' '
 	}
 '
 
+test_expect_success TTY 'git tag -l defaults to paging' '
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git tag -l &&
+	test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git tag -l respects pager.tag' '
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git -c pager.tag=false tag -l &&
+	! test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git tag -l respects --no-pager' '
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git -c pager.tag --no-pager tag -l &&
+	! test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git tag with no args defaults to paging' '
+	# no args implies -l so this should page like -l
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git tag &&
+	test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git tag with no args respects pager.tag' '
+	# no args implies -l so this should page like -l
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git -c pager.tag=false tag &&
+	! test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git tag --contains defaults to paging' '
+	# --contains implies -l so this should page like -l
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git tag --contains &&
+	test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git tag --contains respects pager.tag' '
+	# --contains implies -l so this should page like -l
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git -c pager.tag=false tag --contains &&
+	! test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git tag -a defaults to not paging' '
+	test_when_finished "git tag -d newtag" &&
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git tag -am message newtag &&
+	! test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git tag -a ignores pager.tag' '
+	test_when_finished "git tag -d newtag" &&
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git -c pager.tag tag -am message newtag &&
+	! test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git tag -a respects --paginate' '
+	test_when_finished "git tag -d newtag" &&
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git --paginate tag -am message newtag &&
+	test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git tag as alias ignores pager.tag with -a' '
+	test_when_finished "git tag -d newtag" &&
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git -c pager.tag -c alias.t=tag t -am message newtag &&
+	! test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git tag as alias respects pager.tag with -l' '
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git -c pager.tag=false -c alias.t=tag t -l &&
+	! test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git branch defaults to paging' '
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git branch &&
+	test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git branch respects pager.branch' '
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git -c pager.branch=false branch &&
+	! test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git branch respects --no-pager' '
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git --no-pager branch &&
+	! test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git branch --edit-description ignores pager.branch' '
+	rm -f paginated.out editor.used &&
+	write_script editor <<-\EOF &&
+		echo "New description" >"$1"
+		touch editor.used
+	EOF
+	EDITOR=./editor test_terminal git -c pager.branch branch --edit-description &&
+	! test -e paginated.out &&
+	test -e editor.used
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git branch --set-upstream-to ignores pager.branch' '
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	git branch other &&
+	test_when_finished "git branch -D other" &&
+	test_terminal git -c pager.branch branch --set-upstream-to=other &&
+	test_when_finished "git branch --unset-upstream" &&
+	! test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git config ignores pager.config when setting' '
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git -c pager.config config foo.bar bar &&
+	! test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git config --edit ignores pager.config' '
+	rm -f paginated.out editor.used &&
+	write_script editor <<-\EOF &&
+		touch editor.used
+	EOF
+	EDITOR=./editor test_terminal git -c pager.config config --edit &&
+	! test -e paginated.out &&
+	test -e editor.used
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git config --get ignores pager.config' '
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git -c pager.config config --get foo.bar &&
+	! test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git config --get-urlmatch defaults to paging' '
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git -c http."https://foo.com/".bar=foo \
+			  config --get-urlmatch http https://foo.com &&
+	test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git config --get-all respects pager.config' '
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git -c pager.config=false config --get-all foo.bar &&
+	! test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git config --list defaults to paging' '
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
+	test_terminal git config --list &&
+	test -e paginated.out
+'
+
+
 # A colored commit log will begin with an appropriate ANSI escape
 # for the first color; the text "commit" comes later.
 colorful() {
@@ -146,7 +312,7 @@ test_expect_success 'no color when stdout is a regular file' '
 test_expect_success TTY 'color when writing to a pager' '
 	rm -f paginated.out &&
 	test_config color.ui auto &&
-	test_terminal env TERM=vt100 git log &&
+	test_terminal git log &&
 	colorful paginated.out
 '
 
@@ -154,7 +320,7 @@ test_expect_success TTY 'colors are suppressed by color.pager' '
 	rm -f paginated.out &&
 	test_config color.ui auto &&
 	test_config color.pager false &&
-	test_terminal env TERM=vt100 git log &&
+	test_terminal git log &&
 	! colorful paginated.out
 '
 
@@ -173,7 +339,7 @@ test_expect_success 'color when writing to a file intended for a pager' '
 test_expect_success TTY 'colors are sent to pager for external commands' '
 	test_config alias.externallog "!git log" &&
 	test_config color.ui auto &&
-	test_terminal env TERM=vt100 git -p externallog &&
+	test_terminal git -p externallog &&
 	colorful paginated.out
 '
 
@@ -347,27 +513,48 @@ test_pager_choices                       'git aliasedlog'
 test_default_pager        expect_success 'git -p aliasedlog'
 test_PAGER_overrides      expect_success 'git -p aliasedlog'
 test_core_pager_overrides expect_success 'git -p aliasedlog'
-test_core_pager_subdir    expect_failure 'git -p aliasedlog'
+test_core_pager_subdir    expect_success 'git -p aliasedlog'
 test_GIT_PAGER_overrides  expect_success 'git -p aliasedlog'
 
 test_default_pager        expect_success 'git -p true'
 test_PAGER_overrides      expect_success 'git -p true'
 test_core_pager_overrides expect_success 'git -p true'
-test_core_pager_subdir    expect_failure 'git -p true'
+test_core_pager_subdir    expect_success 'git -p true'
 test_GIT_PAGER_overrides  expect_success 'git -p true'
 
 test_default_pager        expect_success test_must_fail 'git -p request-pull'
 test_PAGER_overrides      expect_success test_must_fail 'git -p request-pull'
 test_core_pager_overrides expect_success test_must_fail 'git -p request-pull'
-test_core_pager_subdir    expect_failure test_must_fail 'git -p request-pull'
+test_core_pager_subdir    expect_success test_must_fail 'git -p request-pull'
 test_GIT_PAGER_overrides  expect_success test_must_fail 'git -p request-pull'
 
 test_default_pager        expect_success test_must_fail 'git -p'
 test_PAGER_overrides      expect_success test_must_fail 'git -p'
 test_local_config_ignored expect_failure test_must_fail 'git -p'
-test_no_local_config_subdir expect_success test_must_fail 'git -p'
 test_GIT_PAGER_overrides  expect_success test_must_fail 'git -p'
 
+test_expect_success TTY 'core.pager in repo config works and retains cwd' '
+	sane_unset GIT_PAGER &&
+	test_config core.pager "cat >cwd-retained" &&
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		rm -f cwd-retained &&
+		test_terminal git -p rev-parse HEAD &&
+		test_path_is_file cwd-retained
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'core.pager is found via alias in subdirectory' '
+	sane_unset GIT_PAGER &&
+	test_config core.pager "cat >via-alias" &&
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		rm -f via-alias &&
+		test_terminal git -c alias.r="-p rev-parse" r HEAD &&
+		test_path_is_file via-alias
+	)
+'
+
 test_doesnt_paginate      expect_failure test_must_fail 'git -p nonsense'
 
 test_pager_choices                       'git shortlog'
@@ -424,7 +611,7 @@ test_expect_success TTY 'command-specific pager works for external commands' '
 	echo "foo:initial" >expect &&
 	>actual &&
 	test_config pager.external "sed s/^/foo:/ >actual" &&
-	test_terminal git --exec-path="`pwd`" external log --format=%s -1 &&
+	test_terminal git --exec-path="$(pwd)" external log --format=%s -1 &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -439,11 +626,33 @@ test_expect_success TTY 'sub-commands of externals use their own pager' '
 
 test_expect_success TTY 'external command pagers override sub-commands' '
 	sane_unset PAGER GIT_PAGER &&
-	>expect &&
 	>actual &&
 	test_config pager.external false &&
 	test_config pager.log "sed s/^/log:/ >actual" &&
 	test_terminal git --exec-path=. external log --format=%s -1 &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'command with underscores does not complain' '
+	write_script git-under_score <<-\EOF &&
+	echo ok
+	EOF
+	git --exec-path=. under_score >actual 2>&1 &&
+	echo ok >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'git tag with auto-columns ' '
+	test_commit one &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	test_commit three &&
+	test_commit four &&
+	test_commit five &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	initial  one      two      three    four     five
+	EOF
+	test_terminal env PAGER="cat >actual" COLUMNS=80 \
+		git -c column.ui=auto tag --sort=authordate &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t7007-show.sh b/t/t7007-show.sh
index 1b824fe5ed..42d3db6246 100755
--- a/t/t7007-show.sh
+++ b/t/t7007-show.sh
@@ -124,4 +124,8 @@ test_expect_success '--quiet suppresses diff' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'show --graph is forbidden' '
+  test_must_fail git show --graph HEAD
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7008-grep-binary.sh b/t/t7008-grep-binary.sh
index b146406e9c..2d87c49b75 100755
--- a/t/t7008-grep-binary.sh
+++ b/t/t7008-grep-binary.sh
@@ -4,8 +4,43 @@ test_description='git grep in binary files'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+nul_match () {
+	matches=$1
+	flags=$2
+	pattern=$3
+	pattern_human=$(echo "$pattern" | sed 's/Q/<NUL>/g')
+
+	if test "$matches" = 1
+	then
+		test_expect_success "git grep -f f $flags '$pattern_human' a" "
+			printf '$pattern' | q_to_nul >f &&
+			git grep -f f $flags a
+		"
+	elif test "$matches" = 0
+	then
+		test_expect_success "git grep -f f $flags '$pattern_human' a" "
+			printf '$pattern' | q_to_nul >f &&
+			test_must_fail git grep -f f $flags a
+		"
+	elif test "$matches" = T1
+	then
+		test_expect_failure "git grep -f f $flags '$pattern_human' a" "
+			printf '$pattern' | q_to_nul >f &&
+			git grep -f f $flags a
+		"
+	elif test "$matches" = T0
+	then
+		test_expect_failure "git grep -f f $flags '$pattern_human' a" "
+			printf '$pattern' | q_to_nul >f &&
+			test_must_fail git grep -f f $flags a
+		"
+	else
+		test_expect_success "PANIC: Test framework error. Unknown matches value $matches" 'false'
+	fi
+}
+
 test_expect_success 'setup' "
-	echo 'binaryQfile' | q_to_nul >a &&
+	echo 'binaryQfileQm[*]cQ*æQð' | q_to_nul >a &&
 	git add a &&
 	git commit -m.
 "
@@ -22,9 +57,8 @@ test_expect_success 'git grep -ah ina a' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git grep -I ina a' '
-	: >expect &&
 	test_must_fail git grep -I ina a >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git grep -c ina a' '
@@ -46,9 +80,8 @@ test_expect_success 'git grep -L bar a' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git grep -q ina a' '
-	: >expect &&
 	git grep -q ina a >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git grep -F ile a' '
@@ -69,35 +102,71 @@ test_expect_failure 'git grep .fi a' '
 	git grep .fi a
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'git grep -F y<NUL>f a' "
-	printf 'yQf' | q_to_nul >f &&
-	git grep -f f -F a
-"
-
-test_expect_success 'git grep -F y<NUL>x a' "
-	printf 'yQx' | q_to_nul >f &&
-	test_must_fail git grep -f f -F a
-"
-
-test_expect_success 'git grep -Fi Y<NUL>f a' "
-	printf 'YQf' | q_to_nul >f &&
-	git grep -f f -Fi a
-"
-
-test_expect_success 'git grep -Fi Y<NUL>x a' "
-	printf 'YQx' | q_to_nul >f &&
-	test_must_fail git grep -f f -Fi a
-"
-
-test_expect_success 'git grep y<NUL>f a' "
-	printf 'yQf' | q_to_nul >f &&
-	git grep -f f a
-"
-
-test_expect_success 'git grep y<NUL>x a' "
-	printf 'yQx' | q_to_nul >f &&
-	test_must_fail git grep -f f a
-"
+nul_match 1 '-F' 'yQf'
+nul_match 0 '-F' 'yQx'
+nul_match 1 '-Fi' 'YQf'
+nul_match 0 '-Fi' 'YQx'
+nul_match 1 '' 'yQf'
+nul_match 0 '' 'yQx'
+nul_match 1 '' 'æQð'
+nul_match 1 '-F' 'eQm[*]c'
+nul_match 1 '-Fi' 'EQM[*]C'
+
+# Regex patterns that would match but shouldn't with -F
+nul_match 0 '-F' 'yQ[f]'
+nul_match 0 '-F' '[y]Qf'
+nul_match 0 '-Fi' 'YQ[F]'
+nul_match 0 '-Fi' '[Y]QF'
+nul_match 0 '-F' 'æQ[ð]'
+nul_match 0 '-F' '[æ]Qð'
+nul_match 0 '-Fi' 'ÆQ[�]'
+nul_match 0 '-Fi' '[Æ]Q�'
+
+# kwset is disabled on -i & non-ASCII. No way to match non-ASCII \0
+# patterns case-insensitively.
+nul_match T1 '-i' 'ÆQ�'
+
+# \0 implicitly disables regexes. This is an undocumented internal
+# limitation.
+nul_match T1 '' 'yQ[f]'
+nul_match T1 '' '[y]Qf'
+nul_match T1 '-i' 'YQ[F]'
+nul_match T1 '-i' '[Y]Qf'
+nul_match T1 '' 'æQ[ð]'
+nul_match T1 '' '[æ]Qð'
+nul_match T1 '-i' 'ÆQ[�]'
+
+# ... because of \0 implicitly disabling regexes regexes that
+# should/shouldn't match don't do the right thing.
+nul_match T1 '' 'eQm.*cQ'
+nul_match T1 '-i' 'EQM.*cQ'
+nul_match T0 '' 'eQm[*]c'
+nul_match T0 '-i' 'EQM[*]C'
+
+# Due to the REG_STARTEND extension when kwset() is disabled on -i &
+# non-ASCII the string will be matched in its entirety, but the
+# pattern will be cut off at the first \0.
+nul_match 0 '-i' 'NOMATCHQð'
+nul_match T0 '-i' '[Æ]QNOMATCH'
+nul_match T0 '-i' '[æ]QNOMATCH'
+# Matches, but for the wrong reasons, just stops at [æ]
+nul_match 1 '-i' '[Æ]Qð'
+nul_match 1 '-i' '[æ]Qð'
+
+# Ensure that the matcher doesn't regress to something that stops at
+# \0
+nul_match 0 '-F' 'yQ[f]'
+nul_match 0 '-Fi' 'YQ[F]'
+nul_match 0 '' 'yQNOMATCH'
+nul_match 0 '' 'QNOMATCH'
+nul_match 0 '-i' 'YQNOMATCH'
+nul_match 0 '-i' 'QNOMATCH'
+nul_match 0 '-F' 'æQ[ð]'
+nul_match 0 '-Fi' 'ÆQ[�]'
+nul_match 0 '' 'yQNÓMATCH'
+nul_match 0 '' 'QNÓMATCH'
+nul_match 0 '-i' 'YQNÓMATCH'
+nul_match 0 '-i' 'QNÓMATCH'
 
 test_expect_success 'grep respects binary diff attribute' '
 	echo text >t &&
@@ -141,7 +210,8 @@ test_expect_success 'grep respects not-binary diff attribute' '
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 	echo "b diff" >.gitattributes &&
 	echo "b:binQary" >expect &&
-	git grep bin b | nul_to_q >actual &&
+	git grep bin b >actual.raw &&
+	nul_to_q <actual.raw >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -161,7 +231,7 @@ test_expect_success 'grep does not honor textconv' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'grep --textconv honors textconv' '
-	echo "a:binaryQfile" >expect &&
+	echo "a:binaryQfileQm[*]cQ*æQð" >expect &&
 	git grep --textconv Qfile >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
@@ -171,7 +241,7 @@ test_expect_success 'grep --no-textconv does not honor textconv' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'grep --textconv blob honors textconv' '
-	echo "HEAD:a:binaryQfile" >expect &&
+	echo "HEAD:a:binaryQfileQm[*]cQ*æQð" >expect &&
 	git grep --textconv Qfile HEAD:a >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
diff --git a/t/t7009-filter-branch-null-sha1.sh b/t/t7009-filter-branch-null-sha1.sh
index c27f90f285..9ba9f24ad2 100755
--- a/t/t7009-filter-branch-null-sha1.sh
+++ b/t/t7009-filter-branch-null-sha1.sh
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup: base commits' '
 test_expect_success 'setup: a commit with a bogus null sha1 in the tree' '
 	{
 		git ls-tree HEAD &&
-		printf "160000 commit $_z40\\tbroken\\n"
+		printf "160000 commit $ZERO_OID\\tbroken\\n"
 	} >broken-tree &&
 	echo "add broken entry" >msg &&
 
@@ -31,6 +31,12 @@ test_expect_success 'setup: bring HEAD and index in sync' '
 	git commit -a -m "back to normal"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'noop filter-branch complains' '
+	test_must_fail git filter-branch \
+		--force --prune-empty \
+		--index-filter "true"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'filter commands are still checked' '
 	test_must_fail git filter-branch \
 		--force --prune-empty \
diff --git a/t/t7011-skip-worktree-reading.sh b/t/t7011-skip-worktree-reading.sh
index 88d60c1ce2..37525cae3a 100755
--- a/t/t7011-skip-worktree-reading.sh
+++ b/t/t7011-skip-worktree-reading.sh
@@ -23,17 +23,15 @@ S sub/1
 H sub/2
 EOF
 
-NULL_SHA1=e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391
-
 setup_absent() {
 	test -f 1 && rm 1
 	git update-index --remove 1 &&
-	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 $NULL_SHA1 1 &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 1 &&
 	git update-index --skip-worktree 1
 }
 
 test_absent() {
-	echo "100644 $NULL_SHA1 0	1" > expected &&
+	echo "100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	1" > expected &&
 	git ls-files --stage 1 > result &&
 	test_cmp expected result &&
 	test ! -f 1
@@ -42,12 +40,12 @@ test_absent() {
 setup_dirty() {
 	git update-index --force-remove 1 &&
 	echo dirty > 1 &&
-	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 $NULL_SHA1 1 &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 1 &&
 	git update-index --skip-worktree 1
 }
 
 test_dirty() {
-	echo "100644 $NULL_SHA1 0	1" > expected &&
+	echo "100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	1" > expected &&
 	git ls-files --stage 1 > result &&
 	test_cmp expected result &&
 	echo dirty > expected
@@ -120,7 +118,7 @@ test_expect_success 'grep with skip-worktree file' '
 	test "$(git grep --no-ext-grep test)" = "1:test"
 '
 
-echo ":000000 100644 $_z40 $NULL_SHA1 A	1" > expected
+echo ":000000 100644 $ZERO_OID $EMPTY_BLOB A	1" > expected
 test_expect_success 'diff-index does not examine skip-worktree absent entries' '
 	setup_absent &&
 	git diff-index HEAD -- 1 > result &&
diff --git a/t/t7012-skip-worktree-writing.sh b/t/t7012-skip-worktree-writing.sh
index 9ceaa4049f..9d1abe50ef 100755
--- a/t/t7012-skip-worktree-writing.sh
+++ b/t/t7012-skip-worktree-writing.sh
@@ -53,17 +53,15 @@ test_expect_success 'read-tree removes worktree, dirty case' '
 	git update-index --no-skip-worktree added
 '
 
-NULL_SHA1=e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391
-
 setup_absent() {
 	test -f 1 && rm 1
 	git update-index --remove 1 &&
-	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 $NULL_SHA1 1 &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 1 &&
 	git update-index --skip-worktree 1
 }
 
 test_absent() {
-	echo "100644 $NULL_SHA1 0	1" > expected &&
+	echo "100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	1" > expected &&
 	git ls-files --stage 1 > result &&
 	test_cmp expected result &&
 	test ! -f 1
@@ -72,12 +70,12 @@ test_absent() {
 setup_dirty() {
 	git update-index --force-remove 1 &&
 	echo dirty > 1 &&
-	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 $NULL_SHA1 1 &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 1 &&
 	git update-index --skip-worktree 1
 }
 
 test_dirty() {
-	echo "100644 $NULL_SHA1 0	1" > expected &&
+	echo "100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0	1" > expected &&
 	git ls-files --stage 1 > result &&
 	test_cmp expected result &&
 	echo dirty > expected
diff --git a/t/t7030-verify-tag.sh b/t/t7030-verify-tag.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..041e319e79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7030-verify-tag.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='signed tag tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY/lib-gpg.sh"
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'create signed tags' '
+	echo 1 >file && git add file &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag -s -m initial initial &&
+	git branch side &&
+
+	echo 2 >file && test_tick && git commit -a -m second &&
+	git tag -s -m second second &&
+
+	git checkout side &&
+	echo 3 >elif && git add elif &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m "third on side" &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_tick && git merge -S side &&
+	git tag -s -m merge merge &&
+
+	echo 4 >file && test_tick && git commit -a -S -m "fourth unsigned" &&
+	git tag -a -m fourth-unsigned fourth-unsigned &&
+
+	test_tick && git commit --amend -S -m "fourth signed" &&
+	git tag -s -m fourth fourth-signed &&
+
+	echo 5 >file && test_tick && git commit -a -m "fifth" &&
+	git tag fifth-unsigned &&
+
+	git config commit.gpgsign true &&
+	echo 6 >file && test_tick && git commit -a -m "sixth" &&
+	git tag -a -m sixth sixth-unsigned &&
+
+	test_tick && git rebase -f HEAD^^ && git tag -s -m 6th sixth-signed HEAD^ &&
+	git tag -m seventh -s seventh-signed &&
+
+	echo 8 >file && test_tick && git commit -a -m eighth &&
+	git tag -uB7227189 -m eighth eighth-signed-alt
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPGSM 'create signed tags x509 ' '
+	test_config gpg.format x509 &&
+	test_config user.signingkey $GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL &&
+	echo 9 >file && test_tick && git commit -a -m "nineth gpgsm-signed" &&
+	git tag -s -m nineth nineth-signed-x509
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'verify and show signatures' '
+	(
+		for tag in initial second merge fourth-signed sixth-signed seventh-signed
+		do
+			git verify-tag $tag 2>actual &&
+			grep "Good signature from" actual &&
+			! grep "BAD signature from" actual &&
+			echo $tag OK || exit 1
+		done
+	) &&
+	(
+		for tag in fourth-unsigned fifth-unsigned sixth-unsigned
+		do
+			test_must_fail git verify-tag $tag 2>actual &&
+			! grep "Good signature from" actual &&
+			! grep "BAD signature from" actual &&
+			echo $tag OK || exit 1
+		done
+	) &&
+	(
+		for tag in eighth-signed-alt
+		do
+			git verify-tag $tag 2>actual &&
+			grep "Good signature from" actual &&
+			! grep "BAD signature from" actual &&
+			grep "not certified" actual &&
+			echo $tag OK || exit 1
+		done
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPGSM 'verify and show signatures x509' '
+	git verify-tag nineth-signed-x509 2>actual &&
+	grep "Good signature from" actual &&
+	! grep "BAD signature from" actual &&
+	echo nineth-signed-x509 OK
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'detect fudged signature' '
+	git cat-file tag seventh-signed >raw &&
+	sed -e "/^tag / s/seventh/7th forged/" raw >forged1 &&
+	git hash-object -w -t tag forged1 >forged1.tag &&
+	test_must_fail git verify-tag $(cat forged1.tag) 2>actual1 &&
+	grep "BAD signature from" actual1 &&
+	! grep "Good signature from" actual1
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'verify signatures with --raw' '
+	(
+		for tag in initial second merge fourth-signed sixth-signed seventh-signed
+		do
+			git verify-tag --raw $tag 2>actual &&
+			grep "GOODSIG" actual &&
+			! grep "BADSIG" actual &&
+			echo $tag OK || exit 1
+		done
+	) &&
+	(
+		for tag in fourth-unsigned fifth-unsigned sixth-unsigned
+		do
+			test_must_fail git verify-tag --raw $tag 2>actual &&
+			! grep "GOODSIG" actual &&
+			! grep "BADSIG" actual &&
+			echo $tag OK || exit 1
+		done
+	) &&
+	(
+		for tag in eighth-signed-alt
+		do
+			git verify-tag --raw $tag 2>actual &&
+			grep "GOODSIG" actual &&
+			! grep "BADSIG" actual &&
+			grep "TRUST_UNDEFINED" actual &&
+			echo $tag OK || exit 1
+		done
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPGSM 'verify signatures with --raw x509' '
+	git verify-tag --raw nineth-signed-x509 2>actual &&
+	grep "GOODSIG" actual &&
+	! grep "BADSIG" actual &&
+	echo nineth-signed-x509 OK
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'verify multiple tags' '
+	tags="fourth-signed sixth-signed seventh-signed" &&
+	for i in $tags
+	do
+		git verify-tag -v --raw $i || return 1
+	done >expect.stdout 2>expect.stderr.1 &&
+	grep "^.GNUPG:." <expect.stderr.1 >expect.stderr &&
+	git verify-tag -v --raw $tags >actual.stdout 2>actual.stderr.1 &&
+	grep "^.GNUPG:." <actual.stderr.1 >actual.stderr &&
+	test_cmp expect.stdout actual.stdout &&
+	test_cmp expect.stderr actual.stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPGSM 'verify multiple tags x509' '
+	tags="seventh-signed nineth-signed-x509" &&
+	for i in $tags
+	do
+		git verify-tag -v --raw $i || return 1
+	done >expect.stdout 2>expect.stderr.1 &&
+	grep "^.GNUPG:." <expect.stderr.1 >expect.stderr &&
+	git verify-tag -v --raw $tags >actual.stdout 2>actual.stderr.1 &&
+	grep "^.GNUPG:." <actual.stderr.1 >actual.stderr &&
+	test_cmp expect.stdout actual.stdout &&
+	test_cmp expect.stderr actual.stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'verifying tag with --format' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	tagname : fourth-signed
+	EOF
+	git verify-tag --format="tagname : %(tag)" "fourth-signed" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'verifying a forged tag with --format should fail silently' '
+	test_must_fail git verify-tag --format="tagname : %(tag)" $(cat forged1.tag) >actual-forged &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual-forged
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh b/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh
index 741ec08576..53cf42fac1 100755
--- a/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh
+++ b/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ test_expect_success 'M/D conflict does not segfault' '
 On branch side
 You have unmerged paths.
   (fix conflicts and run "git commit")
+  (use "git merge --abort" to abort the merge)
 
 Unmerged paths:
   (use "git add/rm <file>..." as appropriate to mark resolution)
@@ -106,7 +107,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached -M shows 2 added + 1 unmerged' '
 	A	THREE
 	A	TWO
 	EOF
-	git diff-index --cached --name-status HEAD >actual &&
+	git diff-index --cached -M --name-status HEAD >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
@@ -138,6 +139,7 @@ test_expect_success 'status when conflicts with add and rm advice (deleted by th
 On branch master
 You have unmerged paths.
   (fix conflicts and run "git commit")
+  (use "git merge --abort" to abort the merge)
 
 Unmerged paths:
   (use "git add/rm <file>..." as appropriate to mark resolution)
@@ -171,6 +173,7 @@ test_expect_success 'status when conflicts with add and rm advice (both deleted)
 On branch conflict_second
 You have unmerged paths.
   (fix conflicts and run "git commit")
+  (use "git merge --abort" to abort the merge)
 
 Unmerged paths:
   (use "git add/rm <file>..." as appropriate to mark resolution)
@@ -195,6 +198,7 @@ test_expect_success 'status when conflicts with only rm advice (both deleted)' '
 On branch conflict_second
 You have unmerged paths.
   (fix conflicts and run "git commit")
+  (use "git merge --abort" to abort the merge)
 
 Changes to be committed:
 
@@ -213,5 +217,40 @@ EOF
 	git checkout master
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'status --branch with detached HEAD' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout master^0 &&
+	git status --branch --porcelain >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	## HEAD (no branch)
+	?? .gitconfig
+	?? actual
+	?? expect
+	?? expected
+	?? mdconflict/
+	EOF
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+## Duplicate the above test and verify --porcelain=v1 arg parsing.
+test_expect_success 'status --porcelain=v1 --branch with detached HEAD' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout master^0 &&
+	git status --branch --porcelain=v1 >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	## HEAD (no branch)
+	?? .gitconfig
+	?? actual
+	?? expect
+	?? expected
+	?? mdconflict/
+	EOF
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+## Verify parser error on invalid --porcelain argument.
+test_expect_success 'status --porcelain=bogus' '
+	test_must_fail git status --porcelain=bogus
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7061-wtstatus-ignore.sh b/t/t7061-wtstatus-ignore.sh
index 460789b4d8..0c394cf995 100755
--- a/t/t7061-wtstatus-ignore.sh
+++ b/t/t7061-wtstatus-ignore.sh
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 ?? actual
 ?? expected
 ?? untracked/
+!! untracked/ignored
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'status untracked directory with --ignored' '
@@ -20,6 +21,15 @@ test_expect_success 'status untracked directory with --ignored' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'same with gitignore starting with BOM' '
+	printf "\357\273\277ignored\n" >.gitignore &&
+	mkdir -p untracked &&
+	: >untracked/ignored &&
+	: >untracked/uncommitted &&
+	git status --porcelain --ignored >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 ?? .gitignore
 ?? actual
@@ -262,4 +272,15 @@ test_expect_success 'status ignored tracked directory with uncommitted file in t
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+!! tracked/submodule/
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status ignores submodule in excluded directory' '
+	git init tracked/submodule &&
+	test_commit -C tracked/submodule initial &&
+	git status --porcelain --ignored -u tracked/submodule >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7063-status-untracked-cache.sh b/t/t7063-status-untracked-cache.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2da57fce7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7063-status-untracked-cache.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,775 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test untracked cache'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# On some filesystems (e.g. FreeBSD's ext2 and ufs) directory mtime
+# is updated lazily after contents in the directory changes, which
+# forces the untracked cache code to take the slow path.  A test
+# that wants to make sure that the fast path works correctly should
+# call this helper to make mtime of the containing directory in sync
+# with the reality before checking the fast path behaviour.
+#
+# See <20160803174522.5571-1-pclouds@gmail.com> if you want to know
+# more.
+
+GIT_FORCE_UNTRACKED_CACHE=true
+export GIT_FORCE_UNTRACKED_CACHE
+
+sync_mtime () {
+	find . -type d -ls >/dev/null
+}
+
+avoid_racy() {
+	sleep 1
+}
+
+status_is_clean() {
+	git status --porcelain >../status.actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty ../status.actual
+}
+
+test_lazy_prereq UNTRACKED_CACHE '
+	{ git update-index --test-untracked-cache; ret=$?; } &&
+	test $ret -ne 1
+'
+
+if ! test_have_prereq UNTRACKED_CACHE; then
+	skip_all='This system does not support untracked cache'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+test_expect_success 'core.untrackedCache is unset' '
+	test_must_fail git config --get core.untrackedCache
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	git init worktree &&
+	cd worktree &&
+	mkdir done dtwo dthree &&
+	touch one two three done/one dtwo/two dthree/three &&
+	git add one two done/one &&
+	: >.git/info/exclude &&
+	git update-index --untracked-cache
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'untracked cache is empty' '
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	cat >../expect-empty <<EOF &&
+info/exclude 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+core.excludesfile 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+exclude_per_dir .gitignore
+flags 00000006
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../expect-empty ../actual
+'
+
+cat >../status.expect <<EOF &&
+A  done/one
+A  one
+A  two
+?? dthree/
+?? dtwo/
+?? three
+EOF
+
+cat >../dump.expect <<EOF &&
+info/exclude $EMPTY_BLOB
+core.excludesfile 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+exclude_per_dir .gitignore
+flags 00000006
+/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse valid
+dthree/
+dtwo/
+three
+/done/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse valid
+/dthree/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+three
+/dtwo/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+two
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status first time (empty cache)' '
+	avoid_racy &&
+	: >../trace &&
+	GIT_TRACE_UNTRACKED_STATS="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace" \
+	git status --porcelain >../actual &&
+	test_cmp ../status.expect ../actual &&
+	cat >../trace.expect <<EOF &&
+node creation: 3
+gitignore invalidation: 1
+directory invalidation: 0
+opendir: 4
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../trace.expect ../trace
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'untracked cache after first status' '
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	test_cmp ../dump.expect ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status second time (fully populated cache)' '
+	avoid_racy &&
+	: >../trace &&
+	GIT_TRACE_UNTRACKED_STATS="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace" \
+	git status --porcelain >../actual &&
+	test_cmp ../status.expect ../actual &&
+	cat >../trace.expect <<EOF &&
+node creation: 0
+gitignore invalidation: 0
+directory invalidation: 0
+opendir: 0
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../trace.expect ../trace
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'untracked cache after second status' '
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	test_cmp ../dump.expect ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'modify in root directory, one dir invalidation' '
+	avoid_racy &&
+	: >four &&
+	: >../trace &&
+	GIT_TRACE_UNTRACKED_STATS="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace" \
+	git status --porcelain >../actual &&
+	cat >../status.expect <<EOF &&
+A  done/one
+A  one
+A  two
+?? dthree/
+?? dtwo/
+?? four
+?? three
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../status.expect ../actual &&
+	cat >../trace.expect <<EOF &&
+node creation: 0
+gitignore invalidation: 0
+directory invalidation: 1
+opendir: 1
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../trace.expect ../trace
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify untracked cache dump' '
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	cat >../expect <<EOF &&
+info/exclude $EMPTY_BLOB
+core.excludesfile 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+exclude_per_dir .gitignore
+flags 00000006
+/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse valid
+dthree/
+dtwo/
+four
+three
+/done/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse valid
+/dthree/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+three
+/dtwo/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+two
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../expect ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'new .gitignore invalidates recursively' '
+	avoid_racy &&
+	echo four >.gitignore &&
+	: >../trace &&
+	GIT_TRACE_UNTRACKED_STATS="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace" \
+	git status --porcelain >../actual &&
+	cat >../status.expect <<EOF &&
+A  done/one
+A  one
+A  two
+?? .gitignore
+?? dthree/
+?? dtwo/
+?? three
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../status.expect ../actual &&
+	cat >../trace.expect <<EOF &&
+node creation: 0
+gitignore invalidation: 1
+directory invalidation: 1
+opendir: 4
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../trace.expect ../trace
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify untracked cache dump' '
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	cat >../expect <<EOF &&
+info/exclude $EMPTY_BLOB
+core.excludesfile 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+exclude_per_dir .gitignore
+flags 00000006
+/ e6fcc8f2ee31bae321d66afd183fcb7237afae6e recurse valid
+.gitignore
+dthree/
+dtwo/
+three
+/done/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse valid
+/dthree/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+three
+/dtwo/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+two
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../expect ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'new info/exclude invalidates everything' '
+	avoid_racy &&
+	echo three >>.git/info/exclude &&
+	: >../trace &&
+	GIT_TRACE_UNTRACKED_STATS="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace" \
+	git status --porcelain >../actual &&
+	cat >../status.expect <<EOF &&
+A  done/one
+A  one
+A  two
+?? .gitignore
+?? dtwo/
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../status.expect ../actual &&
+	cat >../trace.expect <<EOF &&
+node creation: 0
+gitignore invalidation: 1
+directory invalidation: 0
+opendir: 4
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../trace.expect ../trace
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify untracked cache dump' '
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	cat >../expect <<EOF &&
+info/exclude 13263c0978fb9fad16b2d580fb800b6d811c3ff0
+core.excludesfile 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+exclude_per_dir .gitignore
+flags 00000006
+/ e6fcc8f2ee31bae321d66afd183fcb7237afae6e recurse valid
+.gitignore
+dtwo/
+/done/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse valid
+/dthree/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+/dtwo/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+two
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../expect ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'move two from tracked to untracked' '
+	git rm --cached two &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	cat >../expect <<EOF &&
+info/exclude 13263c0978fb9fad16b2d580fb800b6d811c3ff0
+core.excludesfile 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+exclude_per_dir .gitignore
+flags 00000006
+/ e6fcc8f2ee31bae321d66afd183fcb7237afae6e recurse
+/done/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse valid
+/dthree/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+/dtwo/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+two
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../expect ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status after the move' '
+	: >../trace &&
+	GIT_TRACE_UNTRACKED_STATS="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace" \
+	git status --porcelain >../actual &&
+	cat >../status.expect <<EOF &&
+A  done/one
+A  one
+?? .gitignore
+?? dtwo/
+?? two
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../status.expect ../actual &&
+	cat >../trace.expect <<EOF &&
+node creation: 0
+gitignore invalidation: 0
+directory invalidation: 0
+opendir: 1
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../trace.expect ../trace
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify untracked cache dump' '
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	cat >../expect <<EOF &&
+info/exclude 13263c0978fb9fad16b2d580fb800b6d811c3ff0
+core.excludesfile 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+exclude_per_dir .gitignore
+flags 00000006
+/ e6fcc8f2ee31bae321d66afd183fcb7237afae6e recurse valid
+.gitignore
+dtwo/
+two
+/done/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse valid
+/dthree/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+/dtwo/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+two
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../expect ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'move two from untracked to tracked' '
+	git add two &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	cat >../expect <<EOF &&
+info/exclude 13263c0978fb9fad16b2d580fb800b6d811c3ff0
+core.excludesfile 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+exclude_per_dir .gitignore
+flags 00000006
+/ e6fcc8f2ee31bae321d66afd183fcb7237afae6e recurse
+/done/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse valid
+/dthree/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+/dtwo/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+two
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../expect ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status after the move' '
+	: >../trace &&
+	GIT_TRACE_UNTRACKED_STATS="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace" \
+	git status --porcelain >../actual &&
+	cat >../status.expect <<EOF &&
+A  done/one
+A  one
+A  two
+?? .gitignore
+?? dtwo/
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../status.expect ../actual &&
+	cat >../trace.expect <<EOF &&
+node creation: 0
+gitignore invalidation: 0
+directory invalidation: 0
+opendir: 1
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../trace.expect ../trace
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify untracked cache dump' '
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	cat >../expect <<EOF &&
+info/exclude 13263c0978fb9fad16b2d580fb800b6d811c3ff0
+core.excludesfile 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+exclude_per_dir .gitignore
+flags 00000006
+/ e6fcc8f2ee31bae321d66afd183fcb7237afae6e recurse valid
+.gitignore
+dtwo/
+/done/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse valid
+/dthree/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+/dtwo/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+two
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../expect ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up for sparse checkout testing' '
+	echo two >done/.gitignore &&
+	echo three >>done/.gitignore &&
+	echo two >done/two &&
+	git add -f done/two done/.gitignore &&
+	git commit -m "first commit"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status after commit' '
+	: >../trace &&
+	GIT_TRACE_UNTRACKED_STATS="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace" \
+	git status --porcelain >../actual &&
+	cat >../status.expect <<EOF &&
+?? .gitignore
+?? dtwo/
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../status.expect ../actual &&
+	cat >../trace.expect <<EOF &&
+node creation: 0
+gitignore invalidation: 0
+directory invalidation: 0
+opendir: 2
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../trace.expect ../trace
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'untracked cache correct after commit' '
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	cat >../expect <<EOF &&
+info/exclude 13263c0978fb9fad16b2d580fb800b6d811c3ff0
+core.excludesfile 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+exclude_per_dir .gitignore
+flags 00000006
+/ e6fcc8f2ee31bae321d66afd183fcb7237afae6e recurse valid
+.gitignore
+dtwo/
+/done/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse valid
+/dthree/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+/dtwo/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+two
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../expect ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up sparse checkout' '
+	echo "done/[a-z]*" >.git/info/sparse-checkout &&
+	test_config core.sparsecheckout true &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git update-index --force-untracked-cache &&
+	git status --porcelain >/dev/null && # prime the cache
+	test_path_is_missing done/.gitignore &&
+	test_path_is_file done/one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create/modify files, some of which are gitignored' '
+	echo two bis >done/two &&
+	echo three >done/three && # three is gitignored
+	echo four >done/four && # four is gitignored at a higher level
+	echo five >done/five && # five is not gitignored
+	echo test >base && #we need to ensure that the root dir is touched
+	rm base &&
+	sync_mtime
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test sparse status with untracked cache' '
+	: >../trace &&
+	avoid_racy &&
+	GIT_TRACE_UNTRACKED_STATS="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace" \
+	git status --porcelain >../status.actual &&
+	cat >../status.expect <<EOF &&
+ M done/two
+?? .gitignore
+?? done/five
+?? dtwo/
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../status.expect ../status.actual &&
+	cat >../trace.expect <<EOF &&
+node creation: 0
+gitignore invalidation: 1
+directory invalidation: 2
+opendir: 2
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../trace.expect ../trace
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'untracked cache correct after status' '
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	cat >../expect <<EOF &&
+info/exclude 13263c0978fb9fad16b2d580fb800b6d811c3ff0
+core.excludesfile 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+exclude_per_dir .gitignore
+flags 00000006
+/ e6fcc8f2ee31bae321d66afd183fcb7237afae6e recurse valid
+.gitignore
+dtwo/
+/done/ 1946f0437f90c5005533cbe1736a6451ca301714 recurse valid
+five
+/dthree/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+/dtwo/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+two
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../expect ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test sparse status again with untracked cache' '
+	avoid_racy &&
+	: >../trace &&
+	GIT_TRACE_UNTRACKED_STATS="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace" \
+	git status --porcelain >../status.actual &&
+	cat >../status.expect <<EOF &&
+ M done/two
+?? .gitignore
+?? done/five
+?? dtwo/
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../status.expect ../status.actual &&
+	cat >../trace.expect <<EOF &&
+node creation: 0
+gitignore invalidation: 0
+directory invalidation: 0
+opendir: 0
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../trace.expect ../trace
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up for test of subdir and sparse checkouts' '
+	mkdir done/sub &&
+	mkdir done/sub/sub &&
+	echo "sub" > done/sub/sub/file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test sparse status with untracked cache and subdir' '
+	avoid_racy &&
+	: >../trace &&
+	GIT_TRACE_UNTRACKED_STATS="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace" \
+	git status --porcelain >../status.actual &&
+	cat >../status.expect <<EOF &&
+ M done/two
+?? .gitignore
+?? done/five
+?? done/sub/
+?? dtwo/
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../status.expect ../status.actual &&
+	cat >../trace.expect <<EOF &&
+node creation: 2
+gitignore invalidation: 0
+directory invalidation: 1
+opendir: 3
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../trace.expect ../trace
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify untracked cache dump (sparse/subdirs)' '
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	cat >../expect-from-test-dump <<EOF &&
+info/exclude 13263c0978fb9fad16b2d580fb800b6d811c3ff0
+core.excludesfile 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+exclude_per_dir .gitignore
+flags 00000006
+/ e6fcc8f2ee31bae321d66afd183fcb7237afae6e recurse valid
+.gitignore
+dtwo/
+/done/ 1946f0437f90c5005533cbe1736a6451ca301714 recurse valid
+five
+sub/
+/done/sub/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+sub/
+/done/sub/sub/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+file
+/dthree/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+/dtwo/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse check_only valid
+two
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../expect-from-test-dump ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test sparse status again with untracked cache and subdir' '
+	avoid_racy &&
+	: >../trace &&
+	GIT_TRACE_UNTRACKED_STATS="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace" \
+	git status --porcelain >../status.actual &&
+	test_cmp ../status.expect ../status.actual &&
+	cat >../trace.expect <<EOF &&
+node creation: 0
+gitignore invalidation: 0
+directory invalidation: 0
+opendir: 0
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../trace.expect ../trace
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'move entry in subdir from untracked to cached' '
+	git add dtwo/two &&
+	git status --porcelain >../status.actual &&
+	cat >../status.expect <<EOF &&
+ M done/two
+A  dtwo/two
+?? .gitignore
+?? done/five
+?? done/sub/
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../status.expect ../status.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'move entry in subdir from cached to untracked' '
+	git rm --cached dtwo/two &&
+	git status --porcelain >../status.actual &&
+	cat >../status.expect <<EOF &&
+ M done/two
+?? .gitignore
+?? done/five
+?? done/sub/
+?? dtwo/
+EOF
+	test_cmp ../status.expect ../status.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-untracked-cache removes the cache' '
+	git update-index --no-untracked-cache &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	echo "no untracked cache" >../expect-no-uc &&
+	test_cmp ../expect-no-uc ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git status does not change anything' '
+	git status &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	test_cmp ../expect-no-uc ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setting core.untrackedCache to true and using git status creates the cache' '
+	git config core.untrackedCache true &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	test_cmp ../expect-no-uc ../actual &&
+	git status &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	test_cmp ../expect-from-test-dump ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'using --no-untracked-cache does not fail when core.untrackedCache is true' '
+	git update-index --no-untracked-cache &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	test_cmp ../expect-no-uc ../actual &&
+	git update-index --untracked-cache &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	test_cmp ../expect-empty ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setting core.untrackedCache to false and using git status removes the cache' '
+	git config core.untrackedCache false &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	test_cmp ../expect-empty ../actual &&
+	git status &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	test_cmp ../expect-no-uc ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'using --untracked-cache does not fail when core.untrackedCache is false' '
+	git update-index --untracked-cache &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	test_cmp ../expect-empty ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setting core.untrackedCache to keep' '
+	git config core.untrackedCache keep &&
+	git update-index --untracked-cache &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	test_cmp ../expect-empty ../actual &&
+	git status &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	test_cmp ../expect-from-test-dump ../actual &&
+	git update-index --no-untracked-cache &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	test_cmp ../expect-no-uc ../actual &&
+	git update-index --force-untracked-cache &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	test_cmp ../expect-empty ../actual &&
+	git status &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	test_cmp ../expect-from-test-dump ../actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test ident field is working' '
+	mkdir ../other_worktree &&
+	cp -R done dthree dtwo four three ../other_worktree &&
+	GIT_WORK_TREE=../other_worktree git status 2>../err &&
+	echo "warning: untracked cache is disabled on this system or location" >../expect &&
+	test_i18ncmp ../expect ../err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'untracked cache survives a checkout' '
+	git commit --allow-empty -m empty &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../before &&
+	test_when_finished  "git checkout master" &&
+	git checkout -b other_branch &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../after &&
+	test_cmp ../before ../after &&
+	test_commit test &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../before &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../after &&
+	test_cmp ../before ../after
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'untracked cache survives a commit' '
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../before &&
+	git add done/two &&
+	git commit -m commit &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../after &&
+	test_cmp ../before ../after
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'teardown worktree' '
+	cd ..
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'setup worktree for symlink test' '
+	git init worktree-symlink &&
+	cd worktree-symlink &&
+	git config core.untrackedCache true &&
+	mkdir one two &&
+	touch one/file two/file &&
+	git add one/file two/file &&
+	git commit -m"first commit" &&
+	git rm -rf one &&
+	ln -s two one &&
+	git add one &&
+	git commit -m"second commit"
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS '"status" after symlink replacement should be clean with UC=true' '
+	git checkout HEAD~ &&
+	status_is_clean &&
+	status_is_clean &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	avoid_racy &&
+	status_is_clean &&
+	status_is_clean
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS '"status" after symlink replacement should be clean with UC=false' '
+	git config core.untrackedCache false &&
+	git checkout HEAD~ &&
+	status_is_clean &&
+	status_is_clean &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	avoid_racy &&
+	status_is_clean &&
+	status_is_clean
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup worktree for non-symlink test' '
+	git init worktree-non-symlink &&
+	cd worktree-non-symlink &&
+	git config core.untrackedCache true &&
+	mkdir one two &&
+	touch one/file two/file &&
+	git add one/file two/file &&
+	git commit -m"first commit" &&
+	git rm -rf one &&
+	cp two/file one &&
+	git add one &&
+	git commit -m"second commit"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"status" after file replacement should be clean with UC=true' '
+	git checkout HEAD~ &&
+	status_is_clean &&
+	status_is_clean &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	avoid_racy &&
+	status_is_clean &&
+	test-dump-untracked-cache >../actual &&
+	grep -F "recurse valid" ../actual >../actual.grep &&
+	cat >../expect.grep <<EOF &&
+/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse valid
+/two/ 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 recurse valid
+EOF
+	status_is_clean &&
+	test_cmp ../expect.grep ../actual.grep
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"status" after file replacement should be clean with UC=false' '
+	git config core.untrackedCache false &&
+	git checkout HEAD~ &&
+	status_is_clean &&
+	status_is_clean &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	avoid_racy &&
+	status_is_clean &&
+	status_is_clean
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7064-wtstatus-pv2.sh b/t/t7064-wtstatus-pv2.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..11eccc231a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7064-wtstatus-pv2.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,652 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git status --porcelain=v2
+
+This test exercises porcelain V2 output for git status.'
+
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_tick &&
+	git config core.autocrlf false &&
+	echo x >file_x &&
+	echo y >file_y &&
+	echo z >file_z &&
+	mkdir dir1 &&
+	echo a >dir1/file_a &&
+	echo b >dir1/file_b
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'before initial commit, nothing added, only untracked' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	# branch.oid (initial)
+	# branch.head master
+	? actual
+	? dir1/
+	? expect
+	? file_x
+	? file_y
+	? file_z
+	EOF
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=normal >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'before initial commit, things added' '
+	git add file_x file_y file_z dir1 &&
+	OID_A=$(git hash-object -t blob -- dir1/file_a) &&
+	OID_B=$(git hash-object -t blob -- dir1/file_b) &&
+	OID_X=$(git hash-object -t blob -- file_x) &&
+	OID_Y=$(git hash-object -t blob -- file_y) &&
+	OID_Z=$(git hash-object -t blob -- file_z) &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	# branch.oid (initial)
+	# branch.head master
+	1 A. N... 000000 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $OID_A dir1/file_a
+	1 A. N... 000000 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $OID_B dir1/file_b
+	1 A. N... 000000 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $OID_X file_x
+	1 A. N... 000000 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $OID_Y file_y
+	1 A. N... 000000 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $OID_Z file_z
+	? actual
+	? expect
+	EOF
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'before initial commit, things added (-z)' '
+	lf_to_nul >expect <<-EOF &&
+	# branch.oid (initial)
+	# branch.head master
+	1 A. N... 000000 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $OID_A dir1/file_a
+	1 A. N... 000000 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $OID_B dir1/file_b
+	1 A. N... 000000 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $OID_X file_x
+	1 A. N... 000000 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $OID_Y file_y
+	1 A. N... 000000 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $OID_Z file_z
+	? actual
+	? expect
+	EOF
+
+	git status -z --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'make first commit, comfirm HEAD oid and branch' '
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	H0=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	# branch.oid $H0
+	# branch.head master
+	? actual
+	? expect
+	EOF
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'after first commit, create unstaged changes' '
+	echo x >>file_x &&
+	OID_X1=$(git hash-object -t blob -- file_x) &&
+	rm file_z &&
+	H0=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	# branch.oid $H0
+	# branch.head master
+	1 .M N... 100644 100644 100644 $OID_X $OID_X file_x
+	1 .D N... 100644 100644 000000 $OID_Z $OID_Z file_z
+	? actual
+	? expect
+	EOF
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'after first commit but omit untracked files and branch' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	1 .M N... 100644 100644 100644 $OID_X $OID_X file_x
+	1 .D N... 100644 100644 000000 $OID_Z $OID_Z file_z
+	EOF
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'after first commit, stage existing changes' '
+	git add file_x &&
+	git rm file_z &&
+	H0=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	# branch.oid $H0
+	# branch.head master
+	1 M. N... 100644 100644 100644 $OID_X $OID_X1 file_x
+	1 D. N... 100644 000000 000000 $OID_Z $ZERO_OID file_z
+	? actual
+	? expect
+	EOF
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rename causes 2 path lines' '
+	git mv file_y renamed_y &&
+	H0=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+	q_to_tab >expect <<-EOF &&
+	# branch.oid $H0
+	# branch.head master
+	1 M. N... 100644 100644 100644 $OID_X $OID_X1 file_x
+	1 D. N... 100644 000000 000000 $OID_Z $ZERO_OID file_z
+	2 R. N... 100644 100644 100644 $OID_Y $OID_Y R100 renamed_yQfile_y
+	? actual
+	? expect
+	EOF
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rename causes 2 path lines (-z)' '
+	H0=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+	## Lines use NUL path separator and line terminator, so double transform here.
+	q_to_nul <<-EOF | lf_to_nul >expect &&
+	# branch.oid $H0
+	# branch.head master
+	1 M. N... 100644 100644 100644 $OID_X $OID_X1 file_x
+	1 D. N... 100644 000000 000000 $OID_Z $ZERO_OID file_z
+	2 R. N... 100644 100644 100644 $OID_Y $OID_Y R100 renamed_yQfile_y
+	? actual
+	? expect
+	EOF
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all -z >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'make second commit, confirm clean and new HEAD oid' '
+	git commit -m second &&
+	H1=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	# branch.oid $H1
+	# branch.head master
+	? actual
+	? expect
+	EOF
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'confirm ignored files are not printed' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f x.ign .gitignore" &&
+	echo x.ign >.gitignore &&
+	echo "ignore me" >x.ign &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	? .gitignore
+	? actual
+	? expect
+	EOF
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ignored files are printed with --ignored' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f x.ign .gitignore" &&
+	echo x.ign >.gitignore &&
+	echo "ignore me" >x.ign &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	? .gitignore
+	? actual
+	? expect
+	! x.ign
+	EOF
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --ignored --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create and commit permanent ignore file' '
+	cat >.gitignore <<-EOF &&
+	actual*
+	expect*
+	EOF
+
+	git add .gitignore &&
+	git commit -m ignore_trash &&
+	H1=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	# branch.oid $H1
+	# branch.head master
+	EOF
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify --intent-to-add output' '
+	test_when_finished "git rm -f intent1.add intent2.add" &&
+	touch intent1.add &&
+	echo test >intent2.add &&
+
+	git add --intent-to-add intent1.add intent2.add &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	1 .A N... 000000 000000 100644 $ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID intent1.add
+	1 .A N... 000000 000000 100644 $ZERO_OID $ZERO_OID intent2.add
+	EOF
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify AA (add-add) conflict' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+
+	git branch AA_A master &&
+	git checkout AA_A &&
+	echo "Branch AA_A" >conflict.txt &&
+	OID_AA_A=$(git hash-object -t blob -- conflict.txt) &&
+	git add conflict.txt &&
+	git commit -m "branch aa_a" &&
+
+	git branch AA_B master &&
+	git checkout AA_B &&
+	echo "Branch AA_B" >conflict.txt &&
+	OID_AA_B=$(git hash-object -t blob -- conflict.txt) &&
+	git add conflict.txt &&
+	git commit -m "branch aa_b" &&
+
+	git branch AA_M AA_B &&
+	git checkout AA_M &&
+	test_must_fail git merge AA_A &&
+
+	HM=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	# branch.oid $HM
+	# branch.head AA_M
+	u AA N... 000000 100644 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $OID_AA_B $OID_AA_A conflict.txt
+	EOF
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify UU (edit-edit) conflict' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+
+	git branch UU_ANC master &&
+	git checkout UU_ANC &&
+	echo "Ancestor" >conflict.txt &&
+	OID_UU_ANC=$(git hash-object -t blob -- conflict.txt) &&
+	git add conflict.txt &&
+	git commit -m "UU_ANC" &&
+
+	git branch UU_A UU_ANC &&
+	git checkout UU_A &&
+	echo "Branch UU_A" >conflict.txt &&
+	OID_UU_A=$(git hash-object -t blob -- conflict.txt) &&
+	git add conflict.txt &&
+	git commit -m "branch uu_a" &&
+
+	git branch UU_B UU_ANC &&
+	git checkout UU_B &&
+	echo "Branch UU_B" >conflict.txt &&
+	OID_UU_B=$(git hash-object -t blob -- conflict.txt) &&
+	git add conflict.txt &&
+	git commit -m "branch uu_b" &&
+
+	git branch UU_M UU_B &&
+	git checkout UU_M &&
+	test_must_fail git merge UU_A &&
+
+	HM=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	# branch.oid $HM
+	# branch.head UU_M
+	u UU N... 100644 100644 100644 100644 $OID_UU_ANC $OID_UU_B $OID_UU_A conflict.txt
+	EOF
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify upstream fields in branch header' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf sub_repo" &&
+	git clone . sub_repo &&
+	(
+		## Confirm local master tracks remote master.
+		cd sub_repo &&
+		HUF=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		# branch.oid $HUF
+		# branch.head master
+		# branch.upstream origin/master
+		# branch.ab +0 -0
+		EOF
+
+		git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		## Test ahead/behind.
+		echo xyz >file_xyz &&
+		git add file_xyz &&
+		git commit -m xyz &&
+
+		HUF=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		# branch.oid $HUF
+		# branch.head master
+		# branch.upstream origin/master
+		# branch.ab +1 -0
+		EOF
+
+		git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		## Repeat the above but without --branch.
+		git status --porcelain=v2 --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+		test_must_be_empty actual &&
+
+		## Test upstream-gone case. Fake this by pointing origin/master at
+		## a non-existing commit.
+		OLD=$(git rev-parse origin/master) &&
+		NEW=$ZERO_OID &&
+		mv .git/packed-refs .git/old-packed-refs &&
+		sed "s/$OLD/$NEW/g" <.git/old-packed-refs >.git/packed-refs &&
+
+		HUF=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		# branch.oid $HUF
+		# branch.head master
+		# branch.upstream origin/master
+		EOF
+
+		git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify --[no-]ahead-behind with V2 format' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf sub_repo" &&
+	git clone . sub_repo &&
+	(
+		## Confirm local master tracks remote master.
+		cd sub_repo &&
+		HUF=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+		# Confirm --no-ahead-behind reports traditional branch.ab with 0/0 for equal branches.
+		cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		# branch.oid $HUF
+		# branch.head master
+		# branch.upstream origin/master
+		# branch.ab +0 -0
+		EOF
+
+		git status --no-ahead-behind --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		# Confirm --ahead-behind reports traditional branch.ab with 0/0.
+		cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		# branch.oid $HUF
+		# branch.head master
+		# branch.upstream origin/master
+		# branch.ab +0 -0
+		EOF
+
+		git status --ahead-behind --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		## Test non-equal ahead/behind.
+		echo xyz >file_xyz &&
+		git add file_xyz &&
+		git commit -m xyz &&
+
+		HUF=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+		# Confirm --no-ahead-behind reports branch.ab with ?/? for non-equal branches.
+		cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		# branch.oid $HUF
+		# branch.head master
+		# branch.upstream origin/master
+		# branch.ab +? -?
+		EOF
+
+		git status --no-ahead-behind --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		# Confirm --ahead-behind reports traditional branch.ab with 1/0.
+		cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		# branch.oid $HUF
+		# branch.head master
+		# branch.upstream origin/master
+		# branch.ab +1 -0
+		EOF
+
+		git status --ahead-behind --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create and add submodule, submodule appears clean (A. S...)' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git clone . sub_repo &&
+	git clone . super_repo &&
+	(	cd super_repo &&
+		git submodule add ../sub_repo sub1 &&
+
+		## Confirm stage/add of clean submodule.
+		HMOD=$(git hash-object -t blob -- .gitmodules) &&
+		HSUP=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+		HSUB=$HSUP &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		# branch.oid $HSUP
+		# branch.head master
+		# branch.upstream origin/master
+		# branch.ab +0 -0
+		1 A. N... 000000 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $HMOD .gitmodules
+		1 A. S... 000000 160000 160000 $ZERO_OID $HSUB sub1
+		EOF
+
+		git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'untracked changes in added submodule (AM S..U)' '
+	(	cd super_repo &&
+		## create untracked file in the submodule.
+		(	cd sub1 &&
+			echo "xxxx" >file_in_sub
+		) &&
+
+		HMOD=$(git hash-object -t blob -- .gitmodules) &&
+		HSUP=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+		HSUB=$HSUP &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		# branch.oid $HSUP
+		# branch.head master
+		# branch.upstream origin/master
+		# branch.ab +0 -0
+		1 A. N... 000000 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $HMOD .gitmodules
+		1 AM S..U 000000 160000 160000 $ZERO_OID $HSUB sub1
+		EOF
+
+		git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'staged changes in added submodule (AM S.M.)' '
+	(	cd super_repo &&
+		## stage the changes in the submodule.
+		(	cd sub1 &&
+			git add file_in_sub
+		) &&
+
+		HMOD=$(git hash-object -t blob -- .gitmodules) &&
+		HSUP=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+		HSUB=$HSUP &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		# branch.oid $HSUP
+		# branch.head master
+		# branch.upstream origin/master
+		# branch.ab +0 -0
+		1 A. N... 000000 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $HMOD .gitmodules
+		1 AM S.M. 000000 160000 160000 $ZERO_OID $HSUB sub1
+		EOF
+
+		git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'staged and unstaged changes in added (AM S.M.)' '
+	(	cd super_repo &&
+		(	cd sub1 &&
+			## make additional unstaged changes (on the same file) in the submodule.
+			## This does not cause us to get S.MU (because the submodule does not report
+			## a "?" line for the unstaged changes).
+			echo "more changes" >>file_in_sub
+		) &&
+
+		HMOD=$(git hash-object -t blob -- .gitmodules) &&
+		HSUP=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+		HSUB=$HSUP &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		# branch.oid $HSUP
+		# branch.head master
+		# branch.upstream origin/master
+		# branch.ab +0 -0
+		1 A. N... 000000 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $HMOD .gitmodules
+		1 AM S.M. 000000 160000 160000 $ZERO_OID $HSUB sub1
+		EOF
+
+		git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'staged and untracked changes in added submodule (AM S.MU)' '
+	(	cd super_repo &&
+		(	cd sub1 &&
+			## stage new changes in tracked file.
+			git add file_in_sub &&
+			## create new untracked file.
+			echo "yyyy" >>another_file_in_sub
+		) &&
+
+		HMOD=$(git hash-object -t blob -- .gitmodules) &&
+		HSUP=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+		HSUB=$HSUP &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		# branch.oid $HSUP
+		# branch.head master
+		# branch.upstream origin/master
+		# branch.ab +0 -0
+		1 A. N... 000000 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $HMOD .gitmodules
+		1 AM S.MU 000000 160000 160000 $ZERO_OID $HSUB sub1
+		EOF
+
+		git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit within the submodule appears as new commit in super (AM SC..)' '
+	(	cd super_repo &&
+		(	cd sub1 &&
+			## Make a new commit in the submodule.
+			git add file_in_sub &&
+			rm -f another_file_in_sub &&
+			git commit -m "new commit"
+		) &&
+
+		HMOD=$(git hash-object -t blob -- .gitmodules) &&
+		HSUP=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+		HSUB=$HSUP &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		# branch.oid $HSUP
+		# branch.head master
+		# branch.upstream origin/master
+		# branch.ab +0 -0
+		1 A. N... 000000 100644 100644 $ZERO_OID $HMOD .gitmodules
+		1 AM SC.. 000000 160000 160000 $ZERO_OID $HSUB sub1
+		EOF
+
+		git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stage submodule in super and commit' '
+	(	cd super_repo &&
+		## Stage the new submodule commit in the super.
+		git add sub1 &&
+		## Commit the super so that the sub no longer appears as added.
+		git commit -m "super commit" &&
+
+		HSUP=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		# branch.oid $HSUP
+		# branch.head master
+		# branch.upstream origin/master
+		# branch.ab +1 -0
+		EOF
+
+		git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'make unstaged changes in existing submodule (.M S.M.)' '
+	(	cd super_repo &&
+		(	cd sub1 &&
+			echo "zzzz" >>file_in_sub
+		) &&
+
+		HSUP=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+		HSUB=$(cd sub1 && git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		# branch.oid $HSUP
+		# branch.head master
+		# branch.upstream origin/master
+		# branch.ab +1 -0
+		1 .M S.M. 160000 160000 160000 $HSUB $HSUB sub1
+		EOF
+
+		git status --porcelain=v2 --branch --untracked-files=all >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7102-reset.sh b/t/t7102-reset.sh
index 98bcfe21aa..97be0d968d 100755
--- a/t/t7102-reset.sh
+++ b/t/t7102-reset.sh
@@ -66,14 +66,14 @@ test_expect_success 'reset --hard message' '
 	hex=$(git log -1 --format="%h") &&
 	git reset --hard > .actual &&
 	echo HEAD is now at $hex $(commit_msg) > .expected &&
-	test_cmp .expected .actual
+	test_i18ncmp .expected .actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'reset --hard message (ISO8859-1 logoutputencoding)' '
 	hex=$(git log -1 --format="%h") &&
 	git -c "i18n.logOutputEncoding=$test_encoding" reset --hard > .actual &&
 	echo HEAD is now at $hex $(commit_msg $test_encoding) > .expected &&
-	test_cmp .expected .actual
+	test_i18ncmp .expected .actual
 '
 
 >.diff_expect
@@ -428,9 +428,9 @@ test_expect_success 'test --mixed <paths>' '
 	git reset HEAD -- file1 file2 file3 &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
 	git diff > output &&
-	test_cmp output expect &&
+	test_cmp expect output &&
 	git diff --cached > output &&
-	test_cmp output cached_expect
+	test_cmp cached_expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'test resetting the index at give paths' '
@@ -549,8 +549,7 @@ test_expect_success 'reset -N keeps removed files as intent-to-add' '
 
 	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
 	git ls-tree $tree new-file >actual &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
 	git diff --name-only >actual &&
 	echo new-file >expect &&
@@ -563,9 +562,8 @@ test_expect_success 'reset --mixed sets up work tree' '
 		cd mixed_worktree &&
 		test_commit dummy
 	) &&
-	: >expect &&
 	git --git-dir=mixed_worktree/.git --work-tree=mixed_worktree reset >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7103-reset-bare.sh b/t/t7103-reset-bare.sh
index 1eef93c2b2..afe36a533c 100755
--- a/t/t7103-reset-bare.sh
+++ b/t/t7103-reset-bare.sh
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ test_expect_success '"mixed" reset is not allowed in bare' '
 
 test_expect_success '"soft" reset is allowed in bare' '
 	git reset --soft HEAD^ &&
-	test "`git show --pretty=format:%s | head -n 1`" = "one"
+	test "$(git show --pretty=format:%s | head -n 1)" = "one"
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7105-reset-patch.sh b/t/t7105-reset-patch.sh
index 98b7d7b969..bd10a96727 100755
--- a/t/t7105-reset-patch.sh
+++ b/t/t7105-reset-patch.sh
@@ -19,20 +19,20 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'setup' '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'saying "n" does nothing' '
 	set_and_save_state dir/foo work work &&
-	(echo n; echo n) | git reset -p &&
+	test_write_lines n n | git reset -p &&
 	verify_saved_state dir/foo &&
 	verify_saved_state bar
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'git reset -p' '
-	(echo n; echo y) | git reset -p >output &&
+	test_write_lines n y | git reset -p >output &&
 	verify_state dir/foo work head &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
 	test_i18ngrep "Unstage" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'git reset -p HEAD^' '
-	(echo n; echo y) | git reset -p HEAD^ >output &&
+	test_write_lines n y | git reset -p HEAD^ >output &&
 	verify_state dir/foo work parent &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
 	test_i18ngrep "Apply" output
@@ -45,20 +45,20 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'git reset -p HEAD^' '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'git reset -p dir' '
 	set_state dir/foo work work &&
-	(echo y; echo n) | git reset -p dir &&
+	test_write_lines y n | git reset -p dir &&
 	verify_state dir/foo work head &&
 	verify_saved_state bar
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'git reset -p -- foo (inside dir)' '
 	set_state dir/foo work work &&
-	(echo y; echo n) | (cd dir && git reset -p -- foo) &&
+	test_write_lines y n | (cd dir && git reset -p -- foo) &&
 	verify_state dir/foo work head &&
 	verify_saved_state bar
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'git reset -p HEAD^ -- dir' '
-	(echo y; echo n) | git reset -p HEAD^ -- dir &&
+	test_write_lines y n | git reset -p HEAD^ -- dir &&
 	verify_state dir/foo work parent &&
 	verify_saved_state bar
 '
diff --git a/t/t7106-reset-unborn-branch.sh b/t/t7106-reset-unborn-branch.sh
index 0f95f00477..ecb85c3b82 100755
--- a/t/t7106-reset-unborn-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t7106-reset-unborn-branch.sh
@@ -12,9 +12,8 @@ test_expect_success 'reset' '
 	git add a b &&
 	git reset &&
 
-	>expect &&
 	git ls-files >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'reset HEAD' '
@@ -39,9 +38,8 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'reset -p' '
 	echo y >yes &&
 	git reset -p <yes >output &&
 
-	>expect &&
 	git ls-files >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 	test_i18ngrep "Unstage" output
 '
 
@@ -61,9 +59,8 @@ test_expect_success 'reset --hard' '
 	test_when_finished "echo a >a" &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 
-	>expect &&
 	git ls-files >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 	test_path_is_missing a
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t7112-reset-submodule.sh b/t/t7112-reset-submodule.sh
index 2eda6adeb1..a1cb9ff858 100755
--- a/t/t7112-reset-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t7112-reset-submodule.sh
@@ -5,6 +5,14 @@ test_description='reset can handle submodules'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-submodule-update.sh
 
+KNOWN_FAILURE_SUBMODULE_RECURSIVE_NESTED=1
+KNOWN_FAILURE_DIRECTORY_SUBMODULE_CONFLICTS=1
+KNOWN_FAILURE_SUBMODULE_OVERWRITE_IGNORED_UNTRACKED=1
+
+test_submodule_switch_recursing_with_args "reset --keep"
+
+test_submodule_forced_switch_recursing_with_args "reset --hard"
+
 test_submodule_switch "git reset --keep"
 
 test_submodule_switch "git reset --merge"
diff --git a/t/t7201-co.sh b/t/t7201-co.sh
index 885923610a..324933acfe 100755
--- a/t/t7201-co.sh
+++ b/t/t7201-co.sh
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 test_expect_success "checkout from non-existing branch" '
 
 	git checkout -b delete-me master &&
-	rm .git/refs/heads/delete-me &&
+	git update-ref -d --no-deref refs/heads/delete-me &&
 	test refs/heads/delete-me = "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	test refs/heads/master = "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)"
@@ -116,9 +116,8 @@ test_expect_success "checkout -m with dirty tree" '
 	git diff --name-status side >current.side &&
 	test_cmp expect.side current.side &&
 
-	: >expect.index &&
 	git diff --cached >current.index &&
-	test_cmp expect.index current.index
+	test_must_be_empty current.index
 '
 
 test_expect_success "checkout -m with dirty tree, renamed" '
@@ -139,7 +138,7 @@ test_expect_success "checkout -m with dirty tree, renamed" '
 	test_cmp expect uno &&
 	! test -f one &&
 	git diff --cached >current &&
-	! test -s current
+	test_must_be_empty current
 
 '
 
@@ -163,7 +162,7 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout -m with merge conflict' '
 	fill d2 aT d7 aS >expect &&
 	test_cmp current expect &&
 	git diff --cached two >current &&
-	! test -s current
+	test_must_be_empty current
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'format of merge conflict from checkout -m' '
@@ -187,7 +186,7 @@ test_expect_success 'format of merge conflict from checkout -m' '
 	d
 	>>>>>>> local
 	EOF
-	test_cmp two expect
+	test_cmp expect two
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout --merge --conflict=diff3 <branch>' '
@@ -213,7 +212,7 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout --merge --conflict=diff3 <branch>' '
 	d
 	>>>>>>> local
 	EOF
-	test_cmp two expect
+	test_cmp expect two
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'switch to another branch while carrying a deletion' '
@@ -257,7 +256,7 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout to detach HEAD' '
 	git checkout -f renamer && git clean -f &&
 	git checkout renamer^ 2>messages &&
 	test_i18ngrep "HEAD is now at 7329388" messages &&
-	test_line_count -gt 1 messages &&
+	(test_line_count -gt 1 messages || test -n "$GETTEXT_POISON") &&
 	H=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	M=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
 	test "z$H" = "z$M" &&
@@ -528,10 +527,10 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout with --merge' '
 	cat sample >filf &&
 	git checkout -m -- fild file filf &&
 	(
-		echo "<<<<<<< ours"
-		echo ourside
-		echo "======="
-		echo theirside
+		echo "<<<<<<< ours" &&
+		echo ourside &&
+		echo "=======" &&
+		echo theirside &&
 		echo ">>>>>>> theirs"
 	) >merged &&
 	test_cmp expect fild &&
@@ -549,12 +548,12 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout with --merge, in diff3 -m style' '
 	cat sample >filf &&
 	git checkout -m -- fild file filf &&
 	(
-		echo "<<<<<<< ours"
-		echo ourside
-		echo "||||||| base"
-		echo original
-		echo "======="
-		echo theirside
+		echo "<<<<<<< ours" &&
+		echo ourside &&
+		echo "||||||| base" &&
+		echo original &&
+		echo "=======" &&
+		echo theirside &&
 		echo ">>>>>>> theirs"
 	) >merged &&
 	test_cmp expect fild &&
@@ -572,10 +571,10 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout --conflict=merge, overriding config' '
 	cat sample >filf &&
 	git checkout --conflict=merge -- fild file filf &&
 	(
-		echo "<<<<<<< ours"
-		echo ourside
-		echo "======="
-		echo theirside
+		echo "<<<<<<< ours" &&
+		echo ourside &&
+		echo "=======" &&
+		echo theirside &&
 		echo ">>>>>>> theirs"
 	) >merged &&
 	test_cmp expect fild &&
@@ -593,12 +592,12 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout --conflict=diff3' '
 	cat sample >filf &&
 	git checkout --conflict=diff3 -- fild file filf &&
 	(
-		echo "<<<<<<< ours"
-		echo ourside
-		echo "||||||| base"
-		echo original
-		echo "======="
-		echo theirside
+		echo "<<<<<<< ours" &&
+		echo ourside &&
+		echo "||||||| base" &&
+		echo original &&
+		echo "=======" &&
+		echo theirside &&
 		echo ">>>>>>> theirs"
 	) >merged &&
 	test_cmp expect fild &&
@@ -673,7 +672,6 @@ test_expect_success 'custom merge driver with checkout -m' '
 		do
 			grep $t arm || exit 1
 		done
-		exit 0
 	) &&
 
 	mv arm expect &&
diff --git a/t/t7300-clean.sh b/t/t7300-clean.sh
index 99be5d95d0..7b36954d63 100755
--- a/t/t7300-clean.sh
+++ b/t/t7300-clean.sh
@@ -432,9 +432,7 @@ test_expect_success 'nested git work tree' '
 	(
 		cd foo &&
 		git init &&
-		>hello.world
-		git add . &&
-		git commit -a -m nested
+		test_commit nested hello.world
 	) &&
 	(
 		cd bar &&
@@ -443,9 +441,7 @@ test_expect_success 'nested git work tree' '
 	(
 		cd baz/boo &&
 		git init &&
-		>deeper.world
-		git add . &&
-		git commit -a -m deeply.nested
+		test_commit deeply.nested deeper.world
 	) &&
 	git clean -f -d &&
 	test -f foo/.git/index &&
@@ -455,15 +451,153 @@ test_expect_success 'nested git work tree' '
 	! test -d bar
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'should clean things that almost look like git but are not' '
+	rm -fr almost_git almost_bare_git almost_submodule &&
+	mkdir -p almost_git/.git/objects &&
+	mkdir -p almost_git/.git/refs &&
+	cat >almost_git/.git/HEAD <<-\EOF &&
+	garbage
+	EOF
+	cp -r almost_git/.git/ almost_bare_git &&
+	mkdir almost_submodule/ &&
+	cat >almost_submodule/.git <<-\EOF &&
+	garbage
+	EOF
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf almost_*" &&
+	git clean -f -d &&
+	test_path_is_missing almost_git &&
+	test_path_is_missing almost_bare_git &&
+	test_path_is_missing almost_submodule
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'should not clean submodules' '
+	rm -fr repo to_clean sub1 sub2 &&
+	mkdir repo to_clean &&
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		git init &&
+		test_commit msg hello.world
+	) &&
+	git submodule add ./repo/.git sub1 &&
+	git commit -m "sub1" &&
+	git branch before_sub2 &&
+	git submodule add ./repo/.git sub2 &&
+	git commit -m "sub2" &&
+	git checkout before_sub2 &&
+	>to_clean/should_clean.this &&
+	git clean -f -d &&
+	test_path_is_file repo/.git/index &&
+	test_path_is_file repo/hello.world &&
+	test_path_is_file sub1/.git &&
+	test_path_is_file sub1/hello.world &&
+	test_path_is_file sub2/.git &&
+	test_path_is_file sub2/hello.world &&
+	test_path_is_missing to_clean
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SANITY 'should avoid cleaning possible submodules' '
+	rm -fr to_clean possible_sub1 &&
+	mkdir to_clean possible_sub1 &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf possible_sub*" &&
+	echo "gitdir: foo" >possible_sub1/.git &&
+	>possible_sub1/hello.world &&
+	chmod 0 possible_sub1/.git &&
+	>to_clean/should_clean.this &&
+	git clean -f -d &&
+	test_path_is_file possible_sub1/.git &&
+	test_path_is_file possible_sub1/hello.world &&
+	test_path_is_missing to_clean
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'nested (empty) git should be kept' '
+	rm -fr empty_repo to_clean &&
+	git init empty_repo &&
+	mkdir to_clean &&
+	>to_clean/should_clean.this &&
+	git clean -f -d &&
+	test_path_is_file empty_repo/.git/HEAD &&
+	test_path_is_missing to_clean
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'nested bare repositories should be cleaned' '
+	rm -fr bare1 bare2 subdir &&
+	git init --bare bare1 &&
+	git clone --local --bare . bare2 &&
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	cp -r bare2 subdir/bare3 &&
+	git clean -f -d &&
+	test_path_is_missing bare1 &&
+	test_path_is_missing bare2 &&
+	test_path_is_missing subdir
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'nested (empty) bare repositories should be cleaned even when in .git' '
+	rm -fr strange_bare &&
+	mkdir strange_bare &&
+	git init --bare strange_bare/.git &&
+	git clean -f -d &&
+	test_path_is_missing strange_bare
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'nested (non-empty) bare repositories should be cleaned even when in .git' '
+	rm -fr strange_bare &&
+	mkdir strange_bare &&
+	git clone --local --bare . strange_bare/.git &&
+	git clean -f -d &&
+	test_path_is_missing strange_bare
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'giving path in nested git work tree will remove it' '
+	rm -fr repo &&
+	mkdir repo &&
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		git init &&
+		mkdir -p bar/baz &&
+		test_commit msg bar/baz/hello.world
+	) &&
+	git clean -f -d repo/bar/baz &&
+	test_path_is_file repo/.git/HEAD &&
+	test_path_is_dir repo/bar/ &&
+	test_path_is_missing repo/bar/baz
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'giving path to nested .git will not remove it' '
+	rm -fr repo &&
+	mkdir repo untracked &&
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		git init &&
+		test_commit msg hello.world
+	) &&
+	git clean -f -d repo/.git &&
+	test_path_is_file repo/.git/HEAD &&
+	test_path_is_dir repo/.git/refs &&
+	test_path_is_dir repo/.git/objects &&
+	test_path_is_dir untracked/
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'giving path to nested .git/ will remove contents' '
+	rm -fr repo untracked &&
+	mkdir repo untracked &&
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		git init &&
+		test_commit msg hello.world
+	) &&
+	git clean -f -d repo/.git/ &&
+	test_path_is_dir repo/.git &&
+	test_dir_is_empty repo/.git &&
+	test_path_is_dir untracked/
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'force removal of nested git work tree' '
 	rm -fr foo bar baz &&
 	mkdir -p foo bar baz/boo &&
 	(
 		cd foo &&
 		git init &&
-		>hello.world
-		git add . &&
-		git commit -a -m nested
+		test_commit nested hello.world
 	) &&
 	(
 		cd bar &&
@@ -472,9 +606,7 @@ test_expect_success 'force removal of nested git work tree' '
 	(
 		cd baz/boo &&
 		git init &&
-		>deeper.world
-		git add . &&
-		git commit -a -m deeply.nested
+		test_commit deeply.nested deeper.world
 	) &&
 	git clean -f -f -d &&
 	! test -d foo &&
@@ -521,4 +653,20 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -d respects pathspecs (pathspec is prefix of dir)
 	test_path_is_dir foobar
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git clean -d skips untracked dirs containing ignored files' '
+	echo /foo/bar >.gitignore &&
+	echo ignoreme >>.gitignore &&
+	rm -rf foo &&
+	mkdir -p foo/a/aa/aaa foo/b/bb/bbb &&
+	touch foo/bar foo/baz foo/a/aa/ignoreme foo/b/ignoreme foo/b/bb/1 foo/b/bb/2 &&
+	git clean -df &&
+	test_path_is_dir foo &&
+	test_path_is_file foo/bar &&
+	test_path_is_missing foo/baz &&
+	test_path_is_file foo/a/aa/ignoreme &&
+	test_path_is_missing foo/a/aa/aaa &&
+	test_path_is_file foo/b/ignoreme &&
+	test_path_is_missing foo/b/bb
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7301-clean-interactive.sh b/t/t7301-clean-interactive.sh
index 3ae394e934..a07e8b86de 100755
--- a/t/t7301-clean-interactive.sh
+++ b/t/t7301-clean-interactive.sh
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 test_description='git clean -i basic tests'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 
@@ -106,7 +107,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id (filter all)' '
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c src/part3.h src/part4.c src/part4.h \
 	docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
-	(echo f; echo "*"; echo; echo c) | \
+	test_write_lines f "*" "" c |
 	git clean -id &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test -f README &&
@@ -128,7 +129,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id (filter patterns)' '
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c src/part3.h src/part4.c src/part4.h \
 	docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
-	(echo f; echo "part3.* *.out"; echo; echo c) | \
+	test_write_lines f "part3.* *.out" "" c |
 	git clean -id &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test -f README &&
@@ -150,7 +151,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id (filter patterns 2)' '
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c src/part3.h src/part4.c src/part4.h \
 	docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
-	(echo f; echo "* !*.out"; echo; echo c) | \
+	test_write_lines f "* !*.out" "" c |
 	git clean -id &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test -f README &&
@@ -172,7 +173,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id (select - all)' '
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c src/part3.h src/part4.c src/part4.h \
 	docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
-	(echo s; echo "*"; echo; echo c) | \
+	test_write_lines s "*" "" c |
 	git clean -id &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test -f README &&
@@ -194,7 +195,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id (select - none)' '
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c src/part3.h src/part4.c src/part4.h \
 	docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
-	(echo s; echo; echo c) | \
+	test_write_lines s "" c |
 	git clean -id &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test -f README &&
@@ -216,7 +217,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id (select - number)' '
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c src/part3.h src/part4.c src/part4.h \
 	docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
-	(echo s; echo 3; echo; echo c) | \
+	test_write_lines s 3 "" c |
 	git clean -id &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test -f README &&
@@ -238,7 +239,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id (select - number 2)' '
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c src/part3.h src/part4.c src/part4.h \
 	docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
-	(echo s; echo 2 3; echo 5; echo; echo c) | \
+	test_write_lines s "2 3" 5 "" c |
 	git clean -id &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test -f README &&
@@ -260,7 +261,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id (select - number 3)' '
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c src/part3.h src/part4.c src/part4.h \
 	docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
-	(echo s; echo 3,4 5; echo; echo c) | \
+	test_write_lines s "3,4 5" "" c |
 	git clean -id &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test -f README &&
@@ -281,7 +282,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id (select - filenames)' '
 
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out foo.txt bar.txt baz.txt &&
-	(echo s; echo a.out fo ba bar; echo; echo c) | \
+	test_write_lines s "a.out fo ba bar" "" c |
 	git clean -id &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test ! -f a.out &&
@@ -297,7 +298,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id (select - range)' '
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c src/part3.h src/part4.c src/part4.h \
 	docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
-	(echo s; echo 1,3-4; echo 2; echo; echo c) | \
+	test_write_lines s "1,3-4" 2 "" c |
 	git clean -id &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test -f README &&
@@ -319,7 +320,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id (select - range 2)' '
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c src/part3.h src/part4.c src/part4.h \
 	docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
-	(echo s; echo 4- 1; echo; echo c) | \
+	test_write_lines s "4- 1" "" c |
 	git clean -id &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test -f README &&
@@ -341,7 +342,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id (inverse select)' '
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c src/part3.h src/part4.c src/part4.h \
 	docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
-	(echo s; echo "*"; echo -5- 1 -2; echo; echo c) | \
+	test_write_lines s "*" "-5- 1 -2" "" c |
 	git clean -id &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test -f README &&
@@ -363,7 +364,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id (ask)' '
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c src/part3.h src/part4.c src/part4.h \
 	docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
-	(echo a; echo Y; echo y; echo no; echo yes; echo bad; echo) | \
+	test_write_lines a Y y no yes bad "" |
 	git clean -id &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test -f README &&
@@ -385,7 +386,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id (ask - Ctrl+D)' '
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c src/part3.h src/part4.c src/part4.h \
 	docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
-	(echo a; echo Y; echo no; echo yes; echo "\04") | \
+	test_write_lines a Y no yes "\04" |
 	git clean -id &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test -f README &&
@@ -407,8 +408,8 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id with prefix and path (filter)' '
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c src/part3.h src/part4.c src/part4.h \
 	docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
-	(cd build/ && \
-	 (echo f; echo "docs"; echo "*.h"; echo ; echo c) | \
+	(cd build/ &&
+	 test_write_lines f docs "*.h" "" c |
 	 git clean -id ..) &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test -f README &&
@@ -430,9 +431,8 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id with prefix and path (select by name)' '
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c src/part3.h src/part4.c src/part4.h \
 	docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
-	(cd build/ && \
-	 (echo s; echo "../docs/"; echo "../src/part3.c"; \
-	  echo "../src/part4.c";  echo; echo c) | \
+	(cd build/ &&
+	 test_write_lines s ../docs/ ../src/part3.c ../src/part4.c "" c |
 	 git clean -id ..) &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test -f README &&
@@ -454,8 +454,8 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id with prefix and path (ask)' '
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
 	touch a.out src/part3.c src/part3.h src/part4.c src/part4.h \
 	docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
-	(cd build/ && \
-	 (echo a; echo Y; echo y; echo no; echo yes; echo bad; echo) | \
+	(cd build/ &&
+	 test_write_lines a Y y no yes bad "" |
 	 git clean -id ..) &&
 	test -f Makefile &&
 	test -f README &&
@@ -472,4 +472,14 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -id with prefix and path (ask)' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success TTY 'git clean -i paints the header in HEADER color' '
+	>a.out &&
+	echo q |
+	test_terminal git clean -i |
+	test_decode_color |
+	head -n 1 >header &&
+	# not i18ngrep
+	grep "^<BOLD>" header
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh b/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
index 540771ca41..7d3d984210 100755
--- a/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
@@ -11,6 +11,10 @@ subcommands of git submodule.
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+test_expect_success 'submodule deinit works on empty repository' '
+	git submodule deinit --all
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup - initial commit' '
 	>t &&
 	git add t &&
@@ -18,14 +22,28 @@ test_expect_success 'setup - initial commit' '
 	git branch initial
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'configuration parsing' '
+test_expect_success 'submodule init aborts on missing .gitmodules file' '
+	test_when_finished "git update-index --remove sub" &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 160000,$(git rev-parse HEAD),sub &&
+	# missing the .gitmodules file here
+	test_must_fail git submodule init 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "No url found for submodule path" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update aborts on missing .gitmodules file' '
+	test_when_finished "git update-index --remove sub" &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 160000,$(git rev-parse HEAD),sub &&
+	# missing the .gitmodules file here
+	git submodule update sub 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Submodule path .sub. not initialized" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update aborts on missing gitmodules url' '
+	test_when_finished "git update-index --remove sub" &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 160000,$(git rev-parse HEAD),sub &&
 	test_when_finished "rm -f .gitmodules" &&
-	cat >.gitmodules <<-\EOF &&
-	[submodule "s"]
-		path
-		ignore
-	EOF
-	test_must_fail git status
+	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.s.path sub &&
+	test_must_fail git submodule init
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup - repository in init subdirectory' '
@@ -83,7 +101,6 @@ inspect() {
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule add' '
 	echo "refs/heads/master" >expect &&
-	>empty &&
 
 	(
 		cd addtest &&
@@ -105,7 +122,25 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule add' '
 	inspect addtest/submod ../.. &&
 	test_cmp expect heads &&
 	test_cmp expect head &&
-	test_cmp empty untracked
+	test_must_be_empty untracked
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup parent and one repository' '
+	test_create_repo parent &&
+	test_commit -C parent one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'redirected submodule add does not show progress' '
+	git -C addtest submodule add "file://$submodurl/parent" submod-redirected \
+		2>err &&
+	! grep % err &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "Checking connectivity" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'redirected submodule add --progress does show progress' '
+	git -C addtest submodule add --progress "file://$submodurl/parent" \
+		submod-redirected-progress 2>err && \
+	grep % err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule add to .gitignored path fails' '
@@ -132,13 +167,27 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule add to .gitignored path with --force' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'submodule add to reconfigure existing submodule with --force' '
+	(
+		cd addtest-ignore &&
+		bogus_url="$(pwd)/bogus-url" &&
+		git submodule add --force "$bogus_url" submod &&
+		git submodule add --force -b initial "$submodurl" submod-branch &&
+		test "$bogus_url" = "$(git config -f .gitmodules submodule.submod.url)" &&
+		test "$bogus_url" = "$(git config submodule.submod.url)" &&
+		# Restore the url
+		git submodule add --force "$submodurl" submod &&
+		test "$submodurl" = "$(git config -f .gitmodules submodule.submod.url)" &&
+		test "$submodurl" = "$(git config submodule.submod.url)"
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'submodule add --branch' '
 	echo "refs/heads/initial" >expect-head &&
 	cat <<-\EOF >expect-heads &&
 	refs/heads/initial
 	refs/heads/master
 	EOF
-	>empty &&
 
 	(
 		cd addtest &&
@@ -151,12 +200,11 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule add --branch' '
 	inspect addtest/submod-branch ../.. &&
 	test_cmp expect-heads heads &&
 	test_cmp expect-head head &&
-	test_cmp empty untracked
+	test_must_be_empty untracked
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule add with ./ in path' '
 	echo "refs/heads/master" >expect &&
-	>empty &&
 
 	(
 		cd addtest &&
@@ -168,12 +216,11 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule add with ./ in path' '
 	inspect addtest/dotsubmod/frotz ../../.. &&
 	test_cmp expect heads &&
 	test_cmp expect head &&
-	test_cmp empty untracked
+	test_must_be_empty untracked
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule add with /././ in path' '
 	echo "refs/heads/master" >expect &&
-	>empty &&
 
 	(
 		cd addtest &&
@@ -185,12 +232,11 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule add with /././ in path' '
 	inspect addtest/dotslashdotsubmod/frotz ../../.. &&
 	test_cmp expect heads &&
 	test_cmp expect head &&
-	test_cmp empty untracked
+	test_must_be_empty untracked
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule add with // in path' '
 	echo "refs/heads/master" >expect &&
-	>empty &&
 
 	(
 		cd addtest &&
@@ -202,12 +248,11 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule add with // in path' '
 	inspect addtest/slashslashsubmod/frotz ../../.. &&
 	test_cmp expect heads &&
 	test_cmp expect head &&
-	test_cmp empty untracked
+	test_must_be_empty untracked
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule add with /.. in path' '
 	echo "refs/heads/master" >expect &&
-	>empty &&
 
 	(
 		cd addtest &&
@@ -219,12 +264,11 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule add with /.. in path' '
 	inspect addtest/realsubmod ../.. &&
 	test_cmp expect heads &&
 	test_cmp expect head &&
-	test_cmp empty untracked
+	test_must_be_empty untracked
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule add with ./, /.. and // in path' '
 	echo "refs/heads/master" >expect &&
-	>empty &&
 
 	(
 		cd addtest &&
@@ -236,12 +280,25 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule add with ./, /.. and // in path' '
 	inspect addtest/realsubmod2 ../.. &&
 	test_cmp expect heads &&
 	test_cmp expect head &&
-	test_cmp empty untracked
+	test_must_be_empty untracked
+'
+
+test_expect_success !CYGWIN 'submodule add with \\ in path' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf parent sub\\with\\backslash" &&
+
+	# Initialize a repo with a backslash in its name
+	git init sub\\with\\backslash &&
+	touch sub\\with\\backslash/empty.file &&
+	git -C sub\\with\\backslash add empty.file &&
+	git -C sub\\with\\backslash commit -m "Added empty.file" &&
+
+	# Add that repository as a submodule
+	git init parent &&
+	git -C parent submodule add ../sub\\with\\backslash
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule add in subdirectory' '
 	echo "refs/heads/master" >expect &&
-	>empty &&
 
 	mkdir addtest/sub &&
 	(
@@ -254,7 +311,7 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule add in subdirectory' '
 	inspect addtest/realsubmod3 ../.. &&
 	test_cmp expect heads &&
 	test_cmp expect head &&
-	test_cmp empty untracked
+	test_must_be_empty untracked
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule add in subdirectory with relative path should fail' '
@@ -313,7 +370,7 @@ test_expect_success 'init should register submodule url in .git/config' '
 
 test_failure_with_unknown_submodule () {
 	test_must_fail git submodule $1 no-such-submodule 2>output.err &&
-	grep "^error: .*no-such-submodule" output.err
+	test_i18ngrep "^error: .*no-such-submodule" output.err
 }
 
 test_expect_success 'init should fail with unknown submodule' '
@@ -437,8 +494,6 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout superproject with subproject already present' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply submodule diff' '
-	>empty &&
-
 	git branch second &&
 	(
 		cd init &&
@@ -453,7 +508,7 @@ test_expect_success 'apply submodule diff' '
 	git apply --index P.diff &&
 
 	git diff --cached master >staged &&
-	test_cmp empty staged
+	test_must_be_empty staged
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'update --init' '
@@ -462,7 +517,7 @@ test_expect_success 'update --init' '
 	git config --remove-section submodule.example &&
 	test_must_fail git config submodule.example.url &&
 
-	git submodule update init > update.out &&
+	git submodule update init 2> update.out &&
 	cat update.out &&
 	test_i18ngrep "not initialized" update.out &&
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse --resolve-git-dir init/.git &&
@@ -480,7 +535,7 @@ test_expect_success 'update --init from subdirectory' '
 	mkdir -p sub &&
 	(
 		cd sub &&
-		git submodule update ../init >update.out &&
+		git submodule update ../init 2>update.out &&
 		cat update.out &&
 		test_i18ngrep "not initialized" update.out &&
 		test_must_fail git rev-parse --resolve-git-dir ../init/.git &&
@@ -754,7 +809,7 @@ test_expect_success '../bar/a/b/c works with relative local path - ../foo/bar.gi
 		cp pristine-.git-config .git/config &&
 		cp pristine-.gitmodules .gitmodules &&
 		mkdir -p a/b/c &&
-		(cd a/b/c; git init) &&
+		(cd a/b/c && git init) &&
 		git config remote.origin.url ../foo/bar.git &&
 		git submodule add ../bar/a/b/c ./a/b/c &&
 		git submodule init &&
@@ -775,6 +830,21 @@ test_expect_success 'moving the superproject does not break submodules' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'moving the submodule does not break the superproject' '
+	(
+		cd addtest2 &&
+		git submodule status
+	) >actual &&
+	sed -e "s/^ \([^ ]* repo\) .*/-\1/" <actual >expect &&
+	mv addtest2/repo addtest2/repo.bak &&
+	test_when_finished "mv addtest2/repo.bak addtest2/repo" &&
+	(
+		cd addtest2 &&
+		git submodule status
+	) >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'submodule add --name allows to replace a submodule with another at the same path' '
 	(
 		cd addtest2 &&
@@ -818,6 +888,47 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule add --name allows to replace a submodule with ano
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'recursive relative submodules stay relative' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super clone2 subsub sub3" &&
+	mkdir subsub &&
+	(
+		cd subsub &&
+		git init &&
+		>t &&
+		git add t &&
+		git commit -m "initial commit"
+	) &&
+	mkdir sub3 &&
+	(
+		cd sub3 &&
+		git init &&
+		>t &&
+		git add t &&
+		git commit -m "initial commit" &&
+		git submodule add ../subsub dirdir/subsub &&
+		git commit -m "add submodule subsub"
+	) &&
+	mkdir super &&
+	(
+		cd super &&
+		git init &&
+		>t &&
+		git add t &&
+		git commit -m "initial commit" &&
+		git submodule add ../sub3 &&
+		git commit -m "add submodule sub"
+	) &&
+	git clone super clone2 &&
+	(
+		cd clone2 &&
+		git submodule update --init --recursive &&
+		echo "gitdir: ../.git/modules/sub3" >./sub3/.git_expect &&
+		echo "gitdir: ../../../.git/modules/sub3/modules/dirdir/subsub" >./sub3/dirdir/subsub/.git_expect
+	) &&
+	test_cmp clone2/sub3/.git_expect clone2/sub3/.git &&
+	test_cmp clone2/sub3/dirdir/subsub/.git_expect clone2/sub3/dirdir/subsub/.git
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'submodule add with an existing name fails unless forced' '
 	(
 		cd addtest2 &&
@@ -849,6 +960,20 @@ test_expect_success 'set up a second submodule' '
 	git commit -m "submodule example2 added"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'submodule deinit works on repository without submodules' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf newdirectory" &&
+	mkdir newdirectory &&
+	(
+		cd newdirectory &&
+		git init &&
+		>file &&
+		git add file &&
+		git commit -m "repo should not be empty" &&
+		git submodule deinit . &&
+		git submodule deinit --all
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'submodule deinit should remove the whole submodule section from .git/config' '
 	git config submodule.example.foo bar &&
 	git config submodule.example2.frotz nitfol &&
@@ -859,6 +984,11 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule deinit should remove the whole submodule section
 	rmdir init
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'submodule deinit should unset core.worktree' '
+	test_path_is_file .git/modules/example/config &&
+	test_must_fail git config -f .git/modules/example/config core.worktree
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'submodule deinit from subdirectory' '
 	git submodule update --init &&
 	git config submodule.example.foo bar &&
@@ -867,7 +997,7 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule deinit from subdirectory' '
 		cd sub &&
 		git submodule deinit ../init >../output
 	) &&
-	grep "\\.\\./init" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "\\.\\./init" output &&
 	test -z "$(git config --get-regexp "submodule\.example\.")" &&
 	test -n "$(git config --get-regexp "submodule\.example2\.")" &&
 	test -f example2/.git &&
@@ -887,6 +1017,19 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule deinit . deinits all initialized submodules' '
 	rmdir init example2
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'submodule deinit --all deinits all initialized submodules' '
+	git submodule update --init &&
+	git config submodule.example.foo bar &&
+	git config submodule.example2.frotz nitfol &&
+	test_must_fail git submodule deinit &&
+	git submodule deinit --all >actual &&
+	test -z "$(git config --get-regexp "submodule\.example\.")" &&
+	test -z "$(git config --get-regexp "submodule\.example2\.")" &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Cleared directory .init" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Cleared directory .example2" actual &&
+	rmdir init example2
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'submodule deinit deinits a submodule when its work tree is missing or empty' '
 	git submodule update --init &&
 	rm -rf init example2/* example2/.git &&
@@ -953,6 +1096,10 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule deinit is silent when used on an uninitialized su
 	test_i18ngrep ! "Submodule .example. (.*) unregistered for path .init" actual &&
 	test_i18ngrep ! "Submodule .example2. (.*) unregistered for path .example2" actual &&
 	test_i18ngrep "Cleared directory .init" actual &&
+	git submodule deinit --all >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "Submodule .example. (.*) unregistered for path .init" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "Submodule .example2. (.*) unregistered for path .example2" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Cleared directory .init" actual &&
 	rmdir init example2
 '
 
@@ -999,5 +1146,172 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule add clone shallow submodule' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'submodule helper list is not confused by common prefixes' '
+	mkdir -p dir1/b &&
+	(
+		cd dir1/b &&
+		git init &&
+		echo hi >testfile2 &&
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -m "test1"
+	) &&
+	mkdir -p dir2/b &&
+	(
+		cd dir2/b &&
+		git init &&
+		echo hello >testfile1 &&
+		git add .  &&
+		git commit -m "test2"
+	) &&
+	git submodule add /dir1/b dir1/b &&
+	git submodule add /dir2/b dir2/b &&
+	git commit -m "first submodule commit" &&
+	git submodule--helper list dir1/b |cut -c51- >actual &&
+	echo "dir1/b" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup superproject with submodules' '
+	git init sub1 &&
+	test_commit -C sub1 test &&
+	test_commit -C sub1 test2 &&
+	git init multisuper &&
+	git -C multisuper submodule add ../sub1 sub0 &&
+	git -C multisuper submodule add ../sub1 sub1 &&
+	git -C multisuper submodule add ../sub1 sub2 &&
+	git -C multisuper submodule add ../sub1 sub3 &&
+	git -C multisuper commit -m "add some submodules"
+'
+
+cat >expect <<-EOF
+-sub0
+ sub1 (test2)
+ sub2 (test2)
+ sub3 (test2)
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update --init with a specification' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf multisuper_clone" &&
+	pwd=$(pwd) &&
+	git clone file://"$pwd"/multisuper multisuper_clone &&
+	git -C multisuper_clone submodule update --init . ":(exclude)sub0" &&
+	git -C multisuper_clone submodule status |cut -c 1,43- >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update --init with submodule.active set' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf multisuper_clone" &&
+	pwd=$(pwd) &&
+	git clone file://"$pwd"/multisuper multisuper_clone &&
+	git -C multisuper_clone config submodule.active "." &&
+	git -C multisuper_clone config --add submodule.active ":(exclude)sub0" &&
+	git -C multisuper_clone submodule update --init &&
+	git -C multisuper_clone submodule status |cut -c 1,43- >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update and setting submodule.<name>.active' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf multisuper_clone" &&
+	pwd=$(pwd) &&
+	git clone file://"$pwd"/multisuper multisuper_clone &&
+	git -C multisuper_clone config --bool submodule.sub0.active "true" &&
+	git -C multisuper_clone config --bool submodule.sub1.active "false" &&
+	git -C multisuper_clone config --bool submodule.sub2.active "true" &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	 sub0 (test2)
+	-sub1
+	 sub2 (test2)
+	-sub3
+	EOF
+	git -C multisuper_clone submodule update &&
+	git -C multisuper_clone submodule status |cut -c 1,43- >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone --recurse-submodules with a pathspec works' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf multisuper_clone" &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	 sub0 (test2)
+	-sub1
+	-sub2
+	-sub3
+	EOF
+
+	git clone --recurse-submodules="sub0" multisuper multisuper_clone &&
+	git -C multisuper_clone submodule status |cut -c1,43- >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone with multiple --recurse-submodules options' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf multisuper_clone" &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	-sub0
+	 sub1 (test2)
+	-sub2
+	 sub3 (test2)
+	EOF
+
+	git clone --recurse-submodules="." \
+		  --recurse-submodules=":(exclude)sub0" \
+		  --recurse-submodules=":(exclude)sub2" \
+		  multisuper multisuper_clone &&
+	git -C multisuper_clone submodule status |cut -c1,43- >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone and subsequent updates correctly auto-initialize submodules' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf multisuper_clone" &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >expect &&
+	-sub0
+	 sub1 (test2)
+	-sub2
+	 sub3 (test2)
+	EOF
+
+	cat <<-\EOF >expect2 &&
+	-sub0
+	 sub1 (test2)
+	-sub2
+	 sub3 (test2)
+	-sub4
+	 sub5 (test2)
+	EOF
+
+	git clone --recurse-submodules="." \
+		  --recurse-submodules=":(exclude)sub0" \
+		  --recurse-submodules=":(exclude)sub2" \
+		  --recurse-submodules=":(exclude)sub4" \
+		  multisuper multisuper_clone &&
+
+	git -C multisuper_clone submodule status |cut -c1,43- >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git -C multisuper submodule add ../sub1 sub4 &&
+	git -C multisuper submodule add ../sub1 sub5 &&
+	git -C multisuper commit -m "add more submodules" &&
+	# obtain the new superproject
+	git -C multisuper_clone pull &&
+	git -C multisuper_clone submodule update --init &&
+	git -C multisuper_clone submodule status |cut -c1,43- >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect2 actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init properly sets the config' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf multisuper_clone" &&
+	git clone --recurse-submodules="." \
+		  --recurse-submodules=":(exclude)sub0" \
+		  multisuper multisuper_clone &&
+
+	git -C multisuper_clone submodule init -- sub0 sub1 &&
+	git -C multisuper_clone config --get submodule.sub0.active &&
+	test_must_fail git -C multisuper_clone config --get submodule.sub1.active
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'recursive clone respects -q' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf multisuper_clone" &&
+	git clone -q --recurse-submodules multisuper multisuper_clone >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7401-submodule-summary.sh b/t/t7401-submodule-summary.sh
index 366746f0d4..9bc841d085 100755
--- a/t/t7401-submodule-summary.sh
+++ b/t/t7401-submodule-summary.sh
@@ -64,8 +64,7 @@ test_expect_success 'added submodule (subdirectory only)' "
 		cd sub &&
 		git submodule summary . >../actual
 	) &&
-	>expected &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 "
 
 test_expect_success 'added submodule (subdirectory with explicit path)' "
@@ -241,9 +240,11 @@ EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 "
 
-test_create_repo sm2 &&
-head7=$(add_file sm2 foo8 foo9) &&
-git add sm2
+test_expect_success 'create second submodule' '
+	test_create_repo sm2 &&
+	head7=$(add_file sm2 foo8 foo9) &&
+	git add sm2
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'multiple submodules' "
 	git submodule summary >actual &&
@@ -299,7 +300,7 @@ test_expect_success 'should not fail in an empty repo' "
 	git init xyzzy &&
 	cd xyzzy &&
 	git submodule summary >output 2>&1 &&
-	test_cmp output /dev/null
+	test_must_be_empty output
 "
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7403-submodule-sync.sh b/t/t7403-submodule-sync.sh
index 79bc135bf6..0726799e74 100755
--- a/t/t7403-submodule-sync.sh
+++ b/t/t7403-submodule-sync.sh
@@ -62,13 +62,13 @@ test_expect_success 'change submodule' '
 '
 
 reset_submodule_urls () {
-	local root
-	root=$(pwd) &&
 	(
+		root=$(pwd) &&
 		cd super-clone/submodule &&
 		git config remote.origin.url "$root/submodule"
 	) &&
 	(
+		root=$(pwd) &&
 		cd super-clone/submodule/sub-submodule &&
 		git config remote.origin.url "$root/submodule"
 	)
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ test_expect_success '"git submodule sync" should update submodule URLs - subdire
 		cd sub &&
 		git submodule sync >../../output
 	) &&
-	grep "\\.\\./submodule" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "\\.\\./submodule" output &&
 	test -d "$(
 		cd super-clone/submodule &&
 		git config remote.origin.url
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ test_expect_success '"git submodule sync --recursive" should update all submodul
 		cd sub &&
 		git submodule sync --recursive >../../output
 	) &&
-	grep "\\.\\./submodule/sub-submodule" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "\\.\\./submodule/sub-submodule" output &&
 	test -d "$(
 		cd super-clone/submodule &&
 		git config remote.origin.url
diff --git a/t/t7405-submodule-merge.sh b/t/t7405-submodule-merge.sh
index 0d5b42a25b..7855bd8648 100755
--- a/t/t7405-submodule-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t7405-submodule-merge.sh
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ test_expect_success 'merge with one side as a fast-forward of the other' '
 	 git ls-tree test-forward sub | cut -f1 | cut -f3 -d" " > actual &&
 	 (cd sub &&
 	  git rev-parse sub-d > ../expect) &&
-	 test_cmp actual expect)
+	 test_cmp expect actual)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merging should conflict for non fast-forward' '
@@ -279,4 +279,177 @@ test_expect_success 'recursive merge with submodule' '
 	 grep "$(cat expect3)" actual > /dev/null)
 '
 
+# File/submodule conflict
+#   Commit O: <empty>
+#   Commit A: path (submodule)
+#   Commit B: path
+#   Expected: path/ is submodule and file contents for B's path are somewhere
+
+test_expect_success 'setup file/submodule conflict' '
+	test_create_repo file-submodule &&
+	(
+		cd file-submodule &&
+
+		git commit --allow-empty -m O &&
+
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B &&
+
+		git checkout B &&
+		echo content >path &&
+		git add path &&
+		git commit -m B &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		test_create_repo path &&
+		test_commit -C path world &&
+		git submodule add ./path &&
+		git commit -m A
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'file/submodule conflict' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C file-submodule reset --hard" &&
+	(
+		cd file-submodule &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge B^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out &&
+
+		# path/ is still a submodule
+		test_path_is_dir path/.git &&
+
+		# There is a submodule at "path", so B:path cannot be written
+		# there.  We expect it to be written somewhere in the same
+		# directory, though, so just grep for its content in all
+		# files, and ignore "grep: path: Is a directory" message
+		echo Checking if contents from B:path showed up anywhere &&
+		grep -q content * 2>/dev/null
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'file/submodule conflict; merge --abort works afterward' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C file-submodule reset --hard" &&
+	(
+		cd file-submodule &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge B^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		test_path_is_file .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+		git merge --abort
+	)
+'
+
+# Directory/submodule conflict
+#   Commit O: <empty>
+#   Commit A: path (submodule), with sole tracked file named 'world'
+#   Commit B1: path/file
+#   Commit B2: path/world
+#
+#   Expected from merge of A & B1:
+#     Contents under path/ from commit B1 are renamed elsewhere; we do not
+#     want to write files from one of our tracked directories into a submodule
+#
+#   Expected from merge of A & B2:
+#     Similar to last merge, but with a slight twist: we don't want paths
+#     under the submodule to be treated as untracked or in the way.
+
+test_expect_success 'setup directory/submodule conflict' '
+	test_create_repo directory-submodule &&
+	(
+		cd directory-submodule &&
+
+		git commit --allow-empty -m O &&
+
+		git branch A &&
+		git branch B1 &&
+		git branch B2 &&
+
+		git checkout B1 &&
+		mkdir path &&
+		echo contents >path/file &&
+		git add path/file &&
+		git commit -m B1 &&
+
+		git checkout B2 &&
+		mkdir path &&
+		echo contents >path/world &&
+		git add path/world &&
+		git commit -m B2 &&
+
+		git checkout A &&
+		test_create_repo path &&
+		test_commit -C path hello world &&
+		git submodule add ./path &&
+		git commit -m A
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'directory/submodule conflict; keep submodule clean' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-submodule reset --hard" &&
+	(
+		cd directory-submodule &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge B1^0 &&
+
+		git ls-files -s >out &&
+		test_line_count = 3 out &&
+		git ls-files -u >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out &&
+
+		# path/ is still a submodule
+		test_path_is_dir path/.git &&
+
+		echo Checking if contents from B1:path/file showed up &&
+		# Would rather use grep -r, but that is GNU extension...
+		git ls-files -co | xargs grep -q contents 2>/dev/null &&
+
+		# However, B1:path/file should NOT have shown up at path/file,
+		# because we should not write into the submodule
+		test_path_is_missing path/file
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'directory/submodule conflict; should not treat submodule files as untracked or in the way' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-submodule/path reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-submodule reset --hard" &&
+	(
+		cd directory-submodule &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge B2^0 >out 2>err &&
+
+		# We do not want files within the submodule to prevent the
+		# merge from starting; we should not be writing to such paths
+		# anyway.
+		test_i18ngrep ! "refusing to lose untracked file at" err
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'directory/submodule conflict; merge --abort works afterward' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-submodule/path reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C directory-submodule reset --hard" &&
+	(
+		cd directory-submodule &&
+
+		git checkout A^0 &&
+		test_must_fail git merge B2^0 &&
+		test_path_is_file .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+
+		# merge --abort should succeed, should clear .git/MERGE_HEAD,
+		# and should not leave behind any conflicted files
+		git merge --abort &&
+		test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+		git ls-files -u >conflicts &&
+		test_must_be_empty conflicts
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh b/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh
index dda3929d99..10dc91620a 100755
--- a/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh
+++ b/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ submodule and "git submodule update --rebase/--merge" does not detach the HEAD.
 
 compare_head()
 {
-    sha_master=`git rev-list --max-count=1 master`
-    sha_head=`git rev-list --max-count=1 HEAD`
+    sha_master=$(git rev-list --max-count=1 master)
+    sha_head=$(git rev-list --max-count=1 HEAD)
 
     test "$sha_master" = "$sha_head"
 }
@@ -63,6 +63,10 @@ test_expect_success 'setup a submodule tree' '
 	 git submodule add ../none none &&
 	 test_tick &&
 	 git commit -m "none"
+	) &&
+	git clone . recursivesuper &&
+	( cd recursivesuper &&
+	 git submodule add ../super super
 	)
 '
 
@@ -95,6 +99,65 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule update from subdirectory' '
 	)
 '
 
+supersha1=$(git -C super rev-parse HEAD)
+mergingsha1=$(git -C super/merging rev-parse HEAD)
+nonesha1=$(git -C super/none rev-parse HEAD)
+rebasingsha1=$(git -C super/rebasing rev-parse HEAD)
+submodulesha1=$(git -C super/submodule rev-parse HEAD)
+pwd=$(pwd)
+
+cat <<EOF >expect
+Submodule path '../super': checked out '$supersha1'
+Submodule path '../super/merging': checked out '$mergingsha1'
+Submodule path '../super/none': checked out '$nonesha1'
+Submodule path '../super/rebasing': checked out '$rebasingsha1'
+Submodule path '../super/submodule': checked out '$submodulesha1'
+EOF
+
+cat <<EOF >expect2
+Cloning into '$pwd/recursivesuper/super/merging'...
+Cloning into '$pwd/recursivesuper/super/none'...
+Cloning into '$pwd/recursivesuper/super/rebasing'...
+Cloning into '$pwd/recursivesuper/super/submodule'...
+Submodule 'merging' ($pwd/merging) registered for path '../super/merging'
+Submodule 'none' ($pwd/none) registered for path '../super/none'
+Submodule 'rebasing' ($pwd/rebasing) registered for path '../super/rebasing'
+Submodule 'submodule' ($pwd/submodule) registered for path '../super/submodule'
+done.
+done.
+done.
+done.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update --init --recursive from subdirectory' '
+	git -C recursivesuper/super reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	(cd recursivesuper &&
+	 mkdir tmp &&
+	 cd tmp &&
+	 git submodule update --init --recursive ../super >../../actual 2>../../actual2
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual &&
+	sort actual2 >actual2.sorted &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect2 actual2.sorted
+'
+
+cat <<EOF >expect2
+Submodule 'foo/sub' ($pwd/withsubs/../rebasing) registered for path 'sub'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update --init from and of subdirectory' '
+	git init withsubs &&
+	(cd withsubs &&
+	 mkdir foo &&
+	 git submodule add "$(pwd)/../rebasing" foo/sub &&
+	 (cd foo &&
+	  git submodule deinit -f sub &&
+	  git submodule update --init sub 2>../../actual2
+	 )
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect2 actual2
+'
+
 apos="'";
 test_expect_success 'submodule update does not fetch already present commits' '
 	(cd submodule &&
@@ -112,7 +175,7 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule update does not fetch already present commits' '
 	  git submodule update > ../actual 2> ../actual.err
 	) &&
 	test_i18ncmp expected actual &&
-	! test -s actual.err
+	test_must_be_empty actual.err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule update should fail due to local changes' '
@@ -164,9 +227,42 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule update --remote should fetch upstream changes' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'submodule update --remote should fetch upstream changes with .' '
+	(
+		cd super &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule."submodule".branch "." &&
+		git add .gitmodules &&
+		git commit -m "submodules: update from the respective superproject branch"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd submodule &&
+		echo line4a >> file &&
+		git add file &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "upstream line4a" &&
+		git checkout -b test-branch &&
+		test_commit on-test-branch
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd super &&
+		git submodule update --remote --force submodule &&
+		git -C submodule log -1 --oneline >actual &&
+		git -C ../submodule log -1 --oneline master >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		git checkout -b test-branch &&
+		git submodule update --remote --force submodule &&
+		git -C submodule log -1 --oneline >actual &&
+		git -C ../submodule log -1 --oneline test-branch >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		git branch -d test-branch &&
+		git reset --hard HEAD^
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'local config should override .gitmodules branch' '
 	(cd submodule &&
-	 git checkout -b test-branch &&
+	 git checkout test-branch &&
 	 echo line5 >> file &&
 	 git add file &&
 	 test_tick &&
@@ -311,21 +407,83 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule update - command in .git/config' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'submodule update - command in .gitmodules is ignored' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C super reset --hard HEAD^" &&
+	git -C super config -f .gitmodules submodule.submodule.update "!false" &&
+	git -C super commit -a -m "add command to .gitmodules file" &&
+	git -C super/submodule reset --hard $submodulesha1^ &&
+	git -C super submodule update submodule
+'
+
+cat << EOF >expect
+Execution of 'false $submodulesha1' failed in submodule path 'submodule'
+EOF
+
 test_expect_success 'submodule update - command in .git/config catches failure' '
 	(cd super &&
 	 git config submodule.submodule.update "!false"
 	) &&
 	(cd super/submodule &&
-	  git reset --hard HEAD^
+	  git reset --hard $submodulesha1^
 	) &&
 	(cd super &&
-	 test_must_fail git submodule update submodule
-	)
+	 test_must_fail git submodule update submodule 2>../actual
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp actual expect
+'
+
+cat << EOF >expect
+Execution of 'false $submodulesha1' failed in submodule path '../submodule'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update - command in .git/config catches failure -- subdirectory' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config submodule.submodule.update "!false"
+	) &&
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	  git reset --hard $submodulesha1^
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 mkdir tmp && cd tmp &&
+	 test_must_fail git submodule update ../submodule 2>../../actual
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp actual expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update - command run for initial population of submodule' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	Execution of '\''false $submodulesha1'\'' failed in submodule path '\''submodule'\''
+	EOF
+	rm -rf super/submodule &&
+	test_must_fail git -C super submodule update 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual &&
+	git -C super submodule update --checkout
+'
+
+cat << EOF >expect
+Execution of 'false $submodulesha1' failed in submodule path '../super/submodule'
+Failed to recurse into submodule path '../super'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'recursive submodule update - command in .git/config catches failure -- subdirectory' '
+	(cd recursivesuper &&
+	 git submodule update --remote super &&
+	 git add super &&
+	 git commit -m "update to latest to have more than one commit in submodules"
+	) &&
+	git -C recursivesuper/super config submodule.submodule.update "!false" &&
+	git -C recursivesuper/super/submodule reset --hard $submodulesha1^ &&
+	(cd recursivesuper &&
+	 mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	 test_must_fail git submodule update --recursive ../super 2>../../actual
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp actual expect
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule init does not copy command into .git/config' '
 	(cd super &&
-	 H=$(git ls-files -s submodule | cut -d" " -f2) &&
+	 git ls-files -s submodule >out &&
+	 H=$(cut -d" " -f2 out) &&
 	 mkdir submodule1 &&
 	 git update-index --add --cacheinfo 160000 $H submodule1 &&
 	 git config -f .gitmodules submodule.submodule1.path submodule1 &&
@@ -355,6 +513,7 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule init picks up merge' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule update --merge  - ignores --merge  for new submodules' '
+	test_config -C super submodule.submodule.update checkout &&
 	(cd super &&
 	 rm -rf submodule &&
 	 git submodule update submodule &&
@@ -367,6 +526,7 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule update --merge  - ignores --merge  for new submod
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule update --rebase - ignores --rebase for new submodules' '
+	test_config -C super submodule.submodule.update checkout &&
 	(cd super &&
 	 rm -rf submodule &&
 	 git submodule update submodule &&
@@ -421,9 +581,11 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule update - update=none in .git/config' '
 	  git checkout master &&
 	  compare_head
 	 ) &&
-	 git diff --raw | grep "	submodule" &&
+	 git diff --name-only >out &&
+	 grep ^submodule$ out &&
 	 git submodule update &&
-	 git diff --raw | grep "	submodule" &&
+	 git diff --name-only >out &&
+	 grep ^submodule$ out &&
 	 (cd submodule &&
 	  compare_head
 	 ) &&
@@ -439,11 +601,13 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule update - update=none in .git/config but --checkou
 	  git checkout master &&
 	  compare_head
 	 ) &&
-	 git diff --raw | grep "	submodule" &&
+	 git diff --name-only >out &&
+	 grep ^submodule$ out &&
 	 git submodule update --checkout &&
-	 test_must_fail git diff --raw \| grep "	submodule" &&
+	 git diff --name-only >out &&
+	 ! grep ^submodule$ out &&
 	 (cd submodule &&
-	  test_must_fail compare_head
+	  ! compare_head
 	 ) &&
 	 git config --unset submodule.submodule.update
 	)
@@ -457,8 +621,8 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule update --init skips submodule with update=none' '
 	git clone super cloned &&
 	(cd cloned &&
 	 git submodule update --init &&
-	 test -e submodule/.git &&
-	 test_must_fail test -e none/.git
+	 test_path_exists submodule/.git &&
+	 test_path_is_missing none/.git
 	)
 '
 
@@ -707,9 +871,9 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule update places git-dir in superprojects git-dir re
 	 (cd submodule/subsubmodule &&
 	  git log > ../../expected
 	 ) &&
-	 (cd .git/modules/submodule/modules/subsubmodule
+	 (cd .git/modules/submodule/modules/subsubmodule &&
 	  git log > ../../../../../actual
-	 )
+	 ) &&
 	 test_cmp actual expected
 	)
 '
@@ -727,16 +891,18 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule update properly revives a moved submodule' '
 	 H=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
 	 git commit -am "pre move" &&
 	 H2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
-	 git status | sed "s/$H/XXX/" >expect &&
-	 H=$(cd submodule2; git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	 git status >out &&
+	 sed "s/$H/XXX/" out >expect &&
+	 H=$(cd submodule2 && git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	 git rm --cached submodule2 &&
 	 rm -rf submodule2 &&
 	 mkdir -p "moved/sub module" &&
 	 git update-index --add --cacheinfo 160000 $H "moved/sub module" &&
-	 git config -f .gitmodules submodule.submodule2.path "moved/sub module"
+	 git config -f .gitmodules submodule.submodule2.path "moved/sub module" &&
 	 git commit -am "post move" &&
 	 git submodule update &&
-	 git status | sed "s/$H2/XXX/" >actual &&
+	 git status > out &&
+	 sed "s/$H2/XXX/" out >actual &&
 	 test_cmp expect actual
 	)
 '
@@ -753,16 +919,37 @@ test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'submodule update can handle symbolic links in pwd'
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule update clone shallow submodule' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super3" &&
+	first=$(git -C cloned rev-parse HEAD:submodule) &&
+	second=$(git -C submodule rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	commit_count=$(git -C submodule rev-list --count $first^..$second) &&
 	git clone cloned super3 &&
 	pwd=$(pwd) &&
-	(cd super3 &&
-	 sed -e "s#url = ../#url = file://$pwd/#" <.gitmodules >.gitmodules.tmp &&
-	 mv -f .gitmodules.tmp .gitmodules &&
-	 git submodule update --init --depth=3
-	 (cd submodule &&
-	  test 1 = $(git log --oneline | wc -l)
-	 )
-)
+	(
+		cd super3 &&
+		sed -e "s#url = ../#url = file://$pwd/#" <.gitmodules >.gitmodules.tmp &&
+		mv -f .gitmodules.tmp .gitmodules &&
+		git submodule update --init --depth=$commit_count &&
+		git -C submodule log --oneline >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update clone shallow submodule outside of depth' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super3" &&
+	git clone cloned super3 &&
+	pwd=$(pwd) &&
+	(
+		cd super3 &&
+		sed -e "s#url = ../#url = file://$pwd/#" <.gitmodules >.gitmodules.tmp &&
+		mv -f .gitmodules.tmp .gitmodules &&
+		test_must_fail git submodule update --init --depth=1 2>actual &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Direct fetching of that commit failed." actual &&
+		git -C ../submodule config uploadpack.allowReachableSHA1InWant true &&
+		git submodule update --init --depth=1 >actual &&
+		git -C submodule log --oneline >out &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule update --recursive drops module name before recursing' '
@@ -774,4 +961,31 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule update --recursive drops module name before recur
 	 test_i18ngrep "Submodule path .deeper/submodule/subsubmodule.: checked out" actual
 	)
 '
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update can be run in parallel' '
+	(cd super2 &&
+	 GIT_TRACE=$(pwd)/trace.out git submodule update --jobs 7 &&
+	 grep "7 tasks" trace.out &&
+	 git config submodule.fetchJobs 8 &&
+	 GIT_TRACE=$(pwd)/trace.out git submodule update &&
+	 grep "8 tasks" trace.out &&
+	 GIT_TRACE=$(pwd)/trace.out git submodule update --jobs 9 &&
+	 grep "9 tasks" trace.out
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clone passes the parallel jobs config on to submodules' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super4" &&
+	GIT_TRACE=$(pwd)/trace.out git clone --recurse-submodules --jobs 7 . super4 &&
+	grep "7 tasks" trace.out &&
+	rm -rf super4 &&
+	git config --global submodule.fetchJobs 8 &&
+	GIT_TRACE=$(pwd)/trace.out git clone --recurse-submodules . super4 &&
+	grep "8 tasks" trace.out &&
+	rm -rf super4 &&
+	GIT_TRACE=$(pwd)/trace.out git clone --recurse-submodules --jobs 9 . super4 &&
+	grep "9 tasks" trace.out &&
+	rm -rf super4
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7407-submodule-foreach.sh b/t/t7407-submodule-foreach.sh
index 7ca10b8606..77729ac4aa 100755
--- a/t/t7407-submodule-foreach.sh
+++ b/t/t7407-submodule-foreach.sh
@@ -82,16 +82,16 @@ test_expect_success 'test basic "submodule foreach" usage' '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 Entering '../sub1'
-$pwd/clone-foo1-../sub1-$sub1sha1
+$pwd/clone-foo1-sub1-../sub1-$sub1sha1
 Entering '../sub3'
-$pwd/clone-foo3-../sub3-$sub3sha1
+$pwd/clone-foo3-sub3-../sub3-$sub3sha1
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'test "submodule foreach" from subdirectory' '
 	mkdir clone/sub &&
 	(
 		cd clone/sub &&
-		git submodule foreach "echo \$toplevel-\$name-\$sm_path-\$sha1" >../../actual
+		git submodule foreach "echo \$toplevel-\$name-\$sm_path-\$displaypath-\$sha1" >../../actual
 	) &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
@@ -178,6 +178,58 @@ test_expect_success 'test messages from "foreach --recursive"' '
 '
 
 cat > expect <<EOF
+Entering '../nested1'
+Entering '../nested1/nested2'
+Entering '../nested1/nested2/nested3'
+Entering '../nested1/nested2/nested3/submodule'
+Entering '../sub1'
+Entering '../sub2'
+Entering '../sub3'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test messages from "foreach --recursive" from subdirectory' '
+	(
+		cd clone2 &&
+		mkdir untracked &&
+		cd untracked &&
+		git submodule foreach --recursive >../../actual
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+sub1sha1=$(cd clone2/sub1 && git rev-parse HEAD)
+sub2sha1=$(cd clone2/sub2 && git rev-parse HEAD)
+sub3sha1=$(cd clone2/sub3 && git rev-parse HEAD)
+nested1sha1=$(cd clone2/nested1 && git rev-parse HEAD)
+nested2sha1=$(cd clone2/nested1/nested2 && git rev-parse HEAD)
+nested3sha1=$(cd clone2/nested1/nested2/nested3 && git rev-parse HEAD)
+submodulesha1=$(cd clone2/nested1/nested2/nested3/submodule && git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+Entering '../nested1'
+toplevel: $pwd/clone2 name: nested1 path: nested1 displaypath: ../nested1 hash: $nested1sha1
+Entering '../nested1/nested2'
+toplevel: $pwd/clone2/nested1 name: nested2 path: nested2 displaypath: ../nested1/nested2 hash: $nested2sha1
+Entering '../nested1/nested2/nested3'
+toplevel: $pwd/clone2/nested1/nested2 name: nested3 path: nested3 displaypath: ../nested1/nested2/nested3 hash: $nested3sha1
+Entering '../nested1/nested2/nested3/submodule'
+toplevel: $pwd/clone2/nested1/nested2/nested3 name: submodule path: submodule displaypath: ../nested1/nested2/nested3/submodule hash: $submodulesha1
+Entering '../sub1'
+toplevel: $pwd/clone2 name: foo1 path: sub1 displaypath: ../sub1 hash: $sub1sha1
+Entering '../sub2'
+toplevel: $pwd/clone2 name: foo2 path: sub2 displaypath: ../sub2 hash: $sub2sha1
+Entering '../sub3'
+toplevel: $pwd/clone2 name: foo3 path: sub3 displaypath: ../sub3 hash: $sub3sha1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test "submodule foreach --recursive" from subdirectory' '
+	(
+		cd clone2/untracked &&
+		git submodule foreach --recursive "echo toplevel: \$toplevel name: \$name path: \$sm_path displaypath: \$displaypath hash: \$sha1" >../../actual
+	) &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
 nested1-nested1
 nested2-nested2
 nested3-nested3
@@ -242,8 +294,12 @@ test_expect_success 'test "status --recursive"' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-sed -e "/nested2 /s/.*/+$nested2sha1 nested1\/nested2 (file2~1)/;/sub[1-3]/d" < expect > expect2
-mv -f expect2 expect
+cat > expect <<EOF
+ $nested1sha1 nested1 (heads/master)
++$nested2sha1 nested1/nested2 (file2~1)
+ $nested3sha1 nested1/nested2/nested3 (heads/master)
+ $submodulesha1 nested1/nested2/nested3/submodule (heads/master)
+EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'ensure "status --cached --recursive" preserves the --cached flag' '
 	(
@@ -257,6 +313,27 @@ test_expect_success 'ensure "status --cached --recursive" preserves the --cached
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+nested2sha1=$(git -C clone3/nested1/nested2 rev-parse HEAD)
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+ $nested1sha1 ../nested1 (heads/master)
++$nested2sha1 ../nested1/nested2 (file2)
+ $nested3sha1 ../nested1/nested2/nested3 (heads/master)
+ $submodulesha1 ../nested1/nested2/nested3/submodule (heads/master)
+ $sub1sha1 ../sub1 ($sub1sha1_short)
+ $sub2sha1 ../sub2 ($sub2sha1_short)
+ $sub3sha1 ../sub3 (heads/master)
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test "status --recursive" from sub directory' '
+	(
+		cd clone3 &&
+		mkdir tmp && cd tmp &&
+		git submodule status --recursive > ../../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'use "git clone --recursive" to checkout all submodules' '
 	git clone --recursive super clone4 &&
 	(
diff --git a/t/t7408-submodule-reference.sh b/t/t7408-submodule-reference.sh
index b770b2f04d..34ac28c056 100755
--- a/t/t7408-submodule-reference.sh
+++ b/t/t7408-submodule-reference.sh
@@ -6,76 +6,206 @@
 test_description='test clone --reference'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-base_dir=`pwd`
-
-U=$base_dir/UPLOAD_LOG
-
-test_expect_success 'preparing first repository' \
-'test_create_repo A && cd A &&
-echo first > file1 &&
-git add file1 &&
-git commit -m A-initial'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'preparing second repository' \
-'git clone A B && cd B &&
-echo second > file2 &&
-git add file2 &&
-git commit -m B-addition &&
-git repack -a -d &&
-git prune'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'preparing superproject' \
-'test_create_repo super && cd super &&
-echo file > file &&
-git add file &&
-git commit -m B-super-initial'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'submodule add --reference' \
-'cd super && git submodule add --reference ../B "file://$base_dir/A" sub &&
-git commit -m B-super-added'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'after add: existence of info/alternates' \
-'test_line_count = 1 super/.git/modules/sub/objects/info/alternates'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'that reference gets used with add' \
-'cd super/sub &&
-echo "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" > expected &&
-git count-objects > current &&
-diff expected current'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'cloning superproject' \
-'git clone super super-clone'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'update with reference' \
-'cd super-clone && git submodule update --init --reference ../B'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'after update: existence of info/alternates' \
-'test_line_count = 1 super-clone/.git/modules/sub/objects/info/alternates'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
-
-test_expect_success 'that reference gets used with update' \
-'cd super-clone/sub &&
-echo "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" > expected &&
-git count-objects > current &&
-diff expected current'
-
-cd "$base_dir"
+base_dir=$(pwd)
+
+test_alternate_is_used () {
+	alternates_file="$1" &&
+	working_dir="$2" &&
+	test_line_count = 1 "$alternates_file" &&
+	echo "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" >expect &&
+	git -C "$working_dir" count-objects >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'preparing first repository' '
+	test_create_repo A &&
+	(
+		cd A &&
+		echo first >file1 &&
+		git add file1 &&
+		git commit -m A-initial
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'preparing second repository' '
+	git clone A B &&
+	(
+		cd B &&
+		echo second >file2 &&
+		git add file2 &&
+		git commit -m B-addition &&
+		git repack -a -d &&
+		git prune
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'preparing superproject' '
+	test_create_repo super &&
+	(
+		cd super &&
+		echo file >file &&
+		git add file &&
+		git commit -m B-super-initial
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add --reference uses alternates' '
+	(
+		cd super &&
+		git submodule add --reference ../B "file://$base_dir/A" sub &&
+		git commit -m B-super-added &&
+		git repack -ad
+	) &&
+	test_alternate_is_used super/.git/modules/sub/objects/info/alternates super/sub
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add --reference with --dissociate does not use alternates' '
+	(
+		cd super &&
+		git submodule add --reference ../B --dissociate "file://$base_dir/A" sub-dissociate &&
+		git commit -m B-super-added &&
+		git repack -ad
+	) &&
+	test_path_is_missing super/.git/modules/sub-dissociate/objects/info/alternates
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'that reference gets used with add' '
+	(
+		cd super/sub &&
+		echo "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" >expected &&
+		git count-objects >current &&
+		diff expected current
+	)
+'
+
+# The tests up to this point, and repositories created by them
+# (A, B, super and super/sub), are about setting up the stage
+# for subsequent tests and meant to be kept throughout the
+# remainder of the test.
+# Tests from here on, if they create their own test repository,
+# are expected to clean after themselves.
+
+test_expect_success 'updating superproject keeps alternates' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super-clone" &&
+	git clone super super-clone &&
+	git -C super-clone submodule update --init --reference ../B &&
+	test_alternate_is_used super-clone/.git/modules/sub/objects/info/alternates super-clone/sub
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'updating superproject with --dissociate does not keep alternates' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super-clone" &&
+	git clone super super-clone &&
+	git -C super-clone submodule update --init --reference ../B --dissociate &&
+	test_path_is_missing super-clone/.git/modules/sub/objects/info/alternates
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodules use alternates when cloning a superproject' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super-clone" &&
+	git clone --reference super --recursive super super-clone &&
+	(
+		cd super-clone &&
+		# test superproject has alternates setup correctly
+		test_alternate_is_used .git/objects/info/alternates . &&
+		# test submodule has correct setup
+		test_alternate_is_used .git/modules/sub/objects/info/alternates sub
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'missing submodule alternate fails clone and submodule update' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super-clone" &&
+	git clone super super2 &&
+	test_must_fail git clone --recursive --reference super2 super2 super-clone &&
+	(
+		cd super-clone &&
+		# test superproject has alternates setup correctly
+		test_alternate_is_used .git/objects/info/alternates . &&
+		# update of the submodule succeeds
+		test_must_fail git submodule update --init &&
+		# and we have no alternates:
+		test_must_fail test_alternate_is_used .git/modules/sub/objects/info/alternates sub &&
+		test_must_fail test_path_is_file sub/file1
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ignoring missing submodule alternates passes clone and submodule update' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super-clone" &&
+	git clone --reference-if-able super2 --recursive super2 super-clone &&
+	(
+		cd super-clone &&
+		# test superproject has alternates setup correctly
+		test_alternate_is_used .git/objects/info/alternates . &&
+		# update of the submodule succeeds
+		git submodule update --init &&
+		# and we have no alternates:
+		test_must_fail test_alternate_is_used .git/modules/sub/objects/info/alternates sub &&
+		test_path_is_file sub/file1
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'preparing second superproject with a nested submodule plus partial clone' '
+	test_create_repo supersuper &&
+	(
+		cd supersuper &&
+		echo "I am super super." >file &&
+		git add file &&
+		git commit -m B-super-super-initial &&
+		git submodule add "file://$base_dir/super" subwithsub &&
+		git commit -m B-super-super-added &&
+		git submodule update --init --recursive &&
+		git repack -ad
+	) &&
+	git clone supersuper supersuper2 &&
+	(
+		cd supersuper2 &&
+		git submodule update --init
+	)
+'
+
+# At this point there are three root-level positories: A, B, super and super2
+
+test_expect_success 'nested submodule alternate in works and is actually used' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf supersuper-clone" &&
+	git clone --recursive --reference supersuper supersuper supersuper-clone &&
+	(
+		cd supersuper-clone &&
+		# test superproject has alternates setup correctly
+		test_alternate_is_used .git/objects/info/alternates . &&
+		# immediate submodule has alternate:
+		test_alternate_is_used .git/modules/subwithsub/objects/info/alternates subwithsub &&
+		# nested submodule also has alternate:
+		test_alternate_is_used .git/modules/subwithsub/modules/sub/objects/info/alternates subwithsub/sub
+	)
+'
+
+check_that_two_of_three_alternates_are_used() {
+	test_alternate_is_used .git/objects/info/alternates . &&
+	# immediate submodule has alternate:
+	test_alternate_is_used .git/modules/subwithsub/objects/info/alternates subwithsub &&
+	# but nested submodule has no alternate:
+	test_must_fail test_alternate_is_used .git/modules/subwithsub/modules/sub/objects/info/alternates subwithsub/sub
+}
+
+
+test_expect_success 'missing nested submodule alternate fails clone and submodule update' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf supersuper-clone" &&
+	test_must_fail git clone --recursive --reference supersuper2 supersuper2 supersuper-clone &&
+	(
+		cd supersuper-clone &&
+		check_that_two_of_three_alternates_are_used &&
+		# update of the submodule fails
+		test_must_fail git submodule update --init --recursive
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'missing nested submodule alternate in --reference-if-able mode' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf supersuper-clone" &&
+	git clone --recursive --reference-if-able supersuper2 supersuper2 supersuper-clone &&
+	(
+		cd supersuper-clone &&
+		check_that_two_of_three_alternates_are_used &&
+		# update of the submodule succeeds
+		git submodule update --init --recursive
+	)
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7409-submodule-detached-worktree.sh b/t/t7409-submodule-detached-work-tree.sh
index c20717181e..fc018e3638 100755
--- a/t/t7409-submodule-detached-worktree.sh
+++ b/t/t7409-submodule-detached-work-tree.sh
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 test_description='Test submodules on detached working tree
 
 This test verifies that "git submodule" initialization, update and addition works
-on detahced working trees
+on detached working trees
 '
 
 TEST_NO_CREATE_REPO=1
diff --git a/t/t7410-submodule-checkout-to.sh b/t/t7410-submodule-checkout-to.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f1b492ebc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7410-submodule-checkout-to.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Combination of submodules and multiple workdirs'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+base_path=$(pwd -P)
+
+test_expect_success 'setup: make origin'  '
+	mkdir -p origin/sub &&
+	(
+		cd origin/sub && git init &&
+		echo file1 >file1 &&
+		git add file1 &&
+		git commit -m file1
+	) &&
+	mkdir -p origin/main &&
+	(
+		cd origin/main && git init &&
+		git submodule add ../sub &&
+		git commit -m "add sub"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd origin/sub &&
+		echo file1updated >file1 &&
+		git add file1 &&
+		git commit -m "file1 updated"
+	) &&
+	git -C origin/main/sub pull &&
+	(
+		cd origin/main &&
+		git add sub &&
+		git commit -m "sub updated"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup: clone' '
+	mkdir clone &&
+	git -C clone clone --recursive "$base_path/origin/main"
+'
+
+rev1_hash_main=$(git --git-dir=origin/main/.git show --pretty=format:%h -q "HEAD~1")
+rev1_hash_sub=$(git --git-dir=origin/sub/.git show --pretty=format:%h -q "HEAD~1")
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout main' '
+	mkdir default_checkout &&
+	git -C clone/main worktree add "$base_path/default_checkout/main" "$rev1_hash_main"
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'can see submodule diffs just after checkout' '
+	git -C default_checkout/main diff --submodule master"^!" >out &&
+	grep "file1 updated" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout main and initialize independent clones' '
+	mkdir fully_cloned_submodule &&
+	git -C clone/main worktree add "$base_path/fully_cloned_submodule/main" "$rev1_hash_main" &&
+	git -C fully_cloned_submodule/main submodule update
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'can see submodule diffs after independent cloning' '
+	git -C fully_cloned_submodule/main diff --submodule master"^!" >out &&
+	grep "file1 updated" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout sub manually' '
+	mkdir linked_submodule &&
+	git -C clone/main worktree add "$base_path/linked_submodule/main" "$rev1_hash_main" &&
+	git -C clone/main/sub worktree add "$base_path/linked_submodule/main/sub" "$rev1_hash_sub"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'can see submodule diffs after manual checkout of linked submodule' '
+	git -C linked_submodule/main diff --submodule master"^!" >out &&
+	grep "file1 updated" out
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh b/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0bde5850ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2014 Heiko Voigt
+#
+
+test_description='Test submodules config cache infrastructure
+
+This test verifies that parsing .gitmodules configurations directly
+from the database and from the worktree works.
+'
+
+TEST_NO_CREATE_REPO=1
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule config cache setup' '
+	mkdir submodule &&
+	(cd submodule &&
+		git init &&
+		echo a >a &&
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -ma
+	) &&
+	mkdir super &&
+	(cd super &&
+		git init &&
+		git submodule add ../submodule &&
+		git submodule add ../submodule a &&
+		git commit -m "add as submodule and as a" &&
+		git mv a b &&
+		git commit -m "move a to b"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'configuration parsing with error' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+	test_create_repo repo &&
+	cat >repo/.gitmodules <<-\EOF &&
+	[submodule "s"]
+		path
+		ignore
+	EOF
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		test_must_fail test-tool submodule-config "" s 2>actual &&
+		test_i18ngrep "bad config" actual
+	)
+'
+
+cat >super/expect <<EOF
+Submodule name: 'a' for path 'a'
+Submodule name: 'a' for path 'b'
+Submodule name: 'submodule' for path 'submodule'
+Submodule name: 'submodule' for path 'submodule'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test parsing and lookup of submodule config by path' '
+	(cd super &&
+		test-tool submodule-config \
+			HEAD^ a \
+			HEAD b \
+			HEAD^ submodule \
+			HEAD submodule \
+				>actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test parsing and lookup of submodule config by name' '
+	(cd super &&
+		test-tool submodule-config --name \
+			HEAD^ a \
+			HEAD a \
+			HEAD^ submodule \
+			HEAD submodule \
+				>actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+cat >super/expect_error <<EOF
+Submodule name: 'a' for path 'b'
+Submodule name: 'submodule' for path 'submodule'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'error in one submodule config lets continue' '
+	(cd super &&
+		cp .gitmodules .gitmodules.bak &&
+		echo "	value = \"" >>.gitmodules &&
+		git add .gitmodules &&
+		mv .gitmodules.bak .gitmodules &&
+		git commit -m "add error" &&
+		test-tool submodule-config \
+			HEAD b \
+			HEAD submodule \
+				>actual &&
+		test_cmp expect_error actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'error message contains blob reference' '
+	(cd super &&
+		sha1=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+		test-tool submodule-config \
+			HEAD b \
+			HEAD submodule \
+				2>actual_err &&
+		test_i18ngrep "submodule-blob $sha1:.gitmodules" actual_err >/dev/null
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'using different treeishs works' '
+	(
+		cd super &&
+		git tag new_tag &&
+		tree=$(git rev-parse HEAD^{tree}) &&
+		commit=$(git rev-parse HEAD^{commit}) &&
+		test-tool submodule-config $commit b >expect &&
+		test-tool submodule-config $tree b >actual.1 &&
+		test-tool submodule-config new_tag b >actual.2 &&
+		test_cmp expect actual.1 &&
+		test_cmp expect actual.2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'error in history in fetchrecursesubmodule lets continue' '
+	(cd super &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules \
+			submodule.submodule.fetchrecursesubmodules blabla &&
+		git add .gitmodules &&
+		git config --unset -f .gitmodules \
+			submodule.submodule.fetchrecursesubmodules &&
+		git commit -m "add error in fetchrecursesubmodules" &&
+		test-tool submodule-config \
+			HEAD b \
+			HEAD submodule \
+				>actual &&
+		test_cmp expect_error actual  &&
+		git reset --hard HEAD^
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7412-submodule-absorbgitdirs.sh b/t/t7412-submodule-absorbgitdirs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ce74c12da2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7412-submodule-absorbgitdirs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test submodule absorbgitdirs
+
+This test verifies that `git submodue absorbgitdirs` moves a submodules git
+directory into the superproject.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup a real submodule' '
+	git init sub1 &&
+	test_commit -C sub1 first &&
+	git submodule add ./sub1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m superproject
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'absorb the git dir' '
+	>expect.1 &&
+	>expect.2 &&
+	>actual.1 &&
+	>actual.2 &&
+	git status >expect.1 &&
+	git -C sub1 rev-parse HEAD >expect.2 &&
+	git submodule absorbgitdirs &&
+	git fsck &&
+	test -f sub1/.git &&
+	test -d .git/modules/sub1 &&
+	git status >actual.1 &&
+	git -C sub1 rev-parse HEAD >actual.2 &&
+	test_cmp expect.1 actual.1 &&
+	test_cmp expect.2 actual.2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'absorbing does not fail for deinitialized submodules' '
+	test_when_finished "git submodule update --init" &&
+	git submodule deinit --all &&
+	git submodule absorbgitdirs &&
+	test -d .git/modules/sub1 &&
+	test -d sub1 &&
+	! test -e sub1/.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup nested submodule' '
+	git init sub1/nested &&
+	test_commit -C sub1/nested first_nested &&
+	git -C sub1 submodule add ./nested &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git -C sub1 commit -m "add nested" &&
+	git add sub1 &&
+	git commit -m "sub1 to include nested submodule"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'absorb the git dir in a nested submodule' '
+	git status >expect.1 &&
+	git -C sub1/nested rev-parse HEAD >expect.2 &&
+	git submodule absorbgitdirs &&
+	test -f sub1/nested/.git &&
+	test -d .git/modules/sub1/modules/nested &&
+	git status >actual.1 &&
+	git -C sub1/nested rev-parse HEAD >actual.2 &&
+	test_cmp expect.1 actual.1 &&
+	test_cmp expect.2 actual.2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 're-setup nested submodule' '
+	# un-absorb the direct submodule, to test if the nested submodule
+	# is still correct (needs a rewrite of the gitfile only)
+	rm -rf sub1/.git &&
+	mv .git/modules/sub1 sub1/.git &&
+	GIT_WORK_TREE=. git -C sub1 config --unset core.worktree &&
+	# fixup the nested submodule
+	echo "gitdir: ../.git/modules/nested" >sub1/nested/.git &&
+	GIT_WORK_TREE=../../../nested git -C sub1/.git/modules/nested config \
+		core.worktree "../../../nested" &&
+	# make sure this re-setup is correct
+	git status --ignore-submodules=none
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'absorb the git dir in a nested submodule' '
+	git status >expect.1 &&
+	git -C sub1/nested rev-parse HEAD >expect.2 &&
+	git submodule absorbgitdirs &&
+	test -f sub1/.git &&
+	test -f sub1/nested/.git &&
+	test -d .git/modules/sub1/modules/nested &&
+	git status >actual.1 &&
+	git -C sub1/nested rev-parse HEAD >actual.2 &&
+	test_cmp expect.1 actual.1 &&
+	test_cmp expect.2 actual.2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup a gitlink with missing .gitmodules entry' '
+	git init sub2 &&
+	test_commit -C sub2 first &&
+	git add sub2 &&
+	git commit -m superproject
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'absorbing the git dir fails for incomplete submodules' '
+	git status >expect.1 &&
+	git -C sub2 rev-parse HEAD >expect.2 &&
+	test_must_fail git submodule absorbgitdirs &&
+	git -C sub2 fsck &&
+	test -d sub2/.git &&
+	git status >actual &&
+	git -C sub2 rev-parse HEAD >actual.2 &&
+	test_cmp expect.1 actual.1 &&
+	test_cmp expect.2 actual.2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup a submodule with multiple worktrees' '
+	# first create another unembedded git dir in a new submodule
+	git init sub3 &&
+	test_commit -C sub3 first &&
+	git submodule add ./sub3 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "add another submodule" &&
+	git -C sub3 worktree add ../sub3_second_work_tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'absorbing fails for a submodule with multiple worktrees' '
+	test_must_fail git submodule absorbgitdirs sub3 2>error &&
+	test_i18ngrep "not supported" error
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7413-submodule-is-active.sh b/t/t7413-submodule-is-active.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c8e7e98331
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7413-submodule-is-active.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test submodule--helper is-active
+
+This test verifies that `git submodue--helper is-active` correctly identifies
+submodules which are "active" and interesting to the user.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	git init sub &&
+	test_commit -C sub initial &&
+	git init super &&
+	test_commit -C super initial &&
+	git -C super submodule add ../sub sub1 &&
+	git -C super submodule add ../sub sub2 &&
+
+	# Remove submodule.<name>.active entries in order to test in an
+	# environment where only URLs are present in the conifg
+	git -C super config --unset submodule.sub1.active &&
+	git -C super config --unset submodule.sub2.active &&
+
+	git -C super commit -a -m "add 2 submodules at sub{1,2}"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'is-active works with urls' '
+	git -C super submodule--helper is-active sub1 &&
+	git -C super submodule--helper is-active sub2 &&
+
+	git -C super config --unset submodule.sub1.URL &&
+	test_must_fail git -C super submodule--helper is-active sub1 &&
+	git -C super config submodule.sub1.URL ../sub &&
+	git -C super submodule--helper is-active sub1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'is-active works with submodule.<name>.active config' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C super config --unset submodule.sub1.active" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C super config submodule.sub1.URL ../sub" &&
+
+	git -C super config --bool submodule.sub1.active "false" &&
+	test_must_fail git -C super submodule--helper is-active sub1 &&
+
+	git -C super config --bool submodule.sub1.active "true" &&
+	git -C super config --unset submodule.sub1.URL &&
+	git -C super submodule--helper is-active sub1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'is-active works with basic submodule.active config' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C super config submodule.sub1.URL ../sub" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C super config --unset-all submodule.active" &&
+
+	git -C super config --add submodule.active "." &&
+	git -C super config --unset submodule.sub1.URL &&
+
+	git -C super submodule--helper is-active sub1 &&
+	git -C super submodule--helper is-active sub2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'is-active correctly works with paths that are not submodules' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C super config --unset-all submodule.active" &&
+
+	test_must_fail git -C super submodule--helper is-active not-a-submodule &&
+
+	git -C super config --add submodule.active "." &&
+	test_must_fail git -C super submodule--helper is-active not-a-submodule
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'is-active works with exclusions in submodule.active config' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C super config --unset-all submodule.active" &&
+
+	git -C super config --add submodule.active "." &&
+	git -C super config --add submodule.active ":(exclude)sub1" &&
+
+	test_must_fail git -C super submodule--helper is-active sub1 &&
+	git -C super submodule--helper is-active sub2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'is-active with submodule.active and submodule.<name>.active' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C super config --unset-all submodule.active" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C super config --unset submodule.sub1.active" &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C super config --unset submodule.sub2.active" &&
+
+	git -C super config --add submodule.active "sub1" &&
+	git -C super config --bool submodule.sub1.active "false" &&
+	git -C super config --bool submodule.sub2.active "true" &&
+
+	test_must_fail git -C super submodule--helper is-active sub1 &&
+	git -C super submodule--helper is-active sub2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'is-active, submodule.active and submodule add' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf super2" &&
+	git init super2 &&
+	test_commit -C super2 initial &&
+	git -C super2 config --add submodule.active "sub*" &&
+
+	# submodule add should only add submodule.<name>.active
+	# to the config if not matched by the pathspec
+	git -C super2 submodule add ../sub sub1 &&
+	test_must_fail git -C super2 config --get submodule.sub1.active &&
+
+	git -C super2 submodule add ../sub mod &&
+	git -C super2 config --get submodule.mod.active
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7414-submodule-mistakes.sh b/t/t7414-submodule-mistakes.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f2e7df59cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7414-submodule-mistakes.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='handling of common mistakes people may make with submodules'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'create embedded repository' '
+	git init embed &&
+	test_commit -C embed one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git-add on embedded repository warns' '
+	test_when_finished "git rm --cached -f embed" &&
+	git add embed 2>stderr &&
+	test_i18ngrep warning stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-warn-embedded-repo suppresses warning' '
+	test_when_finished "git rm --cached -f embed" &&
+	git add --no-warn-embedded-repo embed 2>stderr &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! warning stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no warning when updating entry' '
+	test_when_finished "git rm --cached -f embed" &&
+	git add embed &&
+	git -C embed commit --allow-empty -m two &&
+	git add embed 2>stderr &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! warning stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add does not warn' '
+	test_when_finished "git rm -rf submodule .gitmodules" &&
+	git submodule add ./embed submodule 2>stderr &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! warning stderr
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7415-submodule-names.sh b/t/t7415-submodule-names.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..293e2e1963
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7415-submodule-names.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='check handling of .. in submodule names
+
+Exercise the name-checking function on a variety of names, and then give a
+real-world setup that confirms we catch this in practice.
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-pack.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'check names' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	valid
+	valid/with/paths
+	EOF
+
+	git submodule--helper check-name >actual <<-\EOF &&
+	valid
+	valid/with/paths
+
+	../foo
+	/../foo
+	..\foo
+	\..\foo
+	foo/..
+	foo/../
+	foo\..
+	foo\..\
+	foo/../bar
+	EOF
+
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create innocent subrepo' '
+	git init innocent &&
+	git -C innocent commit --allow-empty -m foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add refuses invalid names' '
+	test_must_fail \
+		git submodule add --name ../../modules/evil "$PWD/innocent" evil
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add evil submodule' '
+	git submodule add "$PWD/innocent" evil &&
+
+	mkdir modules &&
+	cp -r .git/modules/evil modules &&
+	write_script modules/evil/hooks/post-checkout <<-\EOF &&
+	echo >&2 "RUNNING POST CHECKOUT"
+	EOF
+
+	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.evil.update checkout &&
+	git config -f .gitmodules --rename-section \
+		submodule.evil submodule.../../modules/evil &&
+	git add modules &&
+	git commit -am evil
+'
+
+# This step seems like it shouldn't be necessary, since the payload is
+# contained entirely in the evil submodule. But due to the vagaries of the
+# submodule code, checking out the evil module will fail unless ".git/modules"
+# exists. Adding another submodule (with a name that sorts before "evil") is an
+# easy way to make sure this is the case in the victim clone.
+test_expect_success 'add other submodule' '
+	git submodule add "$PWD/innocent" another-module &&
+	git add another-module &&
+	git commit -am another
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone evil superproject' '
+	git clone --recurse-submodules . victim >output 2>&1 &&
+	! grep "RUNNING POST CHECKOUT" output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck detects evil superproject' '
+	test_must_fail git fsck
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'transfer.fsckObjects detects evil superproject (unpack)' '
+	rm -rf dst.git &&
+	git init --bare dst.git &&
+	git -C dst.git config transfer.fsckObjects true &&
+	test_must_fail git push dst.git HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'transfer.fsckObjects detects evil superproject (index)' '
+	rm -rf dst.git &&
+	git init --bare dst.git &&
+	git -C dst.git config transfer.fsckObjects true &&
+	git -C dst.git config transfer.unpackLimit 1 &&
+	test_must_fail git push dst.git HEAD
+'
+
+# Normally our packs contain commits followed by trees followed by blobs. This
+# reverses the order, which requires backtracking to find the context of a
+# blob. We'll start with a fresh gitmodules-only tree to make it simpler.
+test_expect_success 'create oddly ordered pack' '
+	git checkout --orphan odd &&
+	git rm -rf --cached . &&
+	git add .gitmodules &&
+	git commit -m odd &&
+	{
+		pack_header 3 &&
+		pack_obj $(git rev-parse HEAD:.gitmodules) &&
+		pack_obj $(git rev-parse HEAD^{tree}) &&
+		pack_obj $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+	} >odd.pack &&
+	pack_trailer odd.pack
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'transfer.fsckObjects handles odd pack (unpack)' '
+	rm -rf dst.git &&
+	git init --bare dst.git &&
+	test_must_fail git -C dst.git unpack-objects --strict <odd.pack
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'transfer.fsckObjects handles odd pack (index)' '
+	rm -rf dst.git &&
+	git init --bare dst.git &&
+	test_must_fail git -C dst.git index-pack --strict --stdin <odd.pack
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'index-pack --strict works for non-repo pack' '
+	rm -rf dst.git &&
+	git init --bare dst.git &&
+	cp odd.pack dst.git &&
+	test_must_fail git -C dst.git index-pack --strict odd.pack 2>output &&
+	# Make sure we fail due to bad gitmodules content, not because we
+	# could not read the blob in the first place.
+	grep gitmodulesName output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck detects symlinked .gitmodules file' '
+	git init symlink &&
+	(
+		cd symlink &&
+
+		# Make the tree directly to avoid index restrictions.
+		#
+		# Because symlinks store the target as a blob, choose
+		# a pathname that could be parsed as a .gitmodules file
+		# to trick naive non-symlink-aware checking.
+		tricky="[foo]bar=true" &&
+		content=$(git hash-object -w ../.gitmodules) &&
+		target=$(printf "$tricky" | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+		{
+			printf "100644 blob $content\t$tricky\n" &&
+			printf "120000 blob $target\t.gitmodules\n"
+		} | git mktree &&
+
+		# Check not only that we fail, but that it is due to the
+		# symlink detector; this grep string comes from the config
+		# variable name and will not be translated.
+		test_must_fail git fsck 2>output &&
+		grep gitmodulesSymlink output
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck detects non-blob .gitmodules' '
+	git init non-blob &&
+	(
+		cd non-blob &&
+
+		# As above, make the funny tree directly to avoid index
+		# restrictions.
+		mkdir subdir &&
+		cp ../.gitmodules subdir/file &&
+		git add subdir/file &&
+		git commit -m ok &&
+		git ls-tree HEAD | sed s/subdir/.gitmodules/ | git mktree &&
+
+		test_must_fail git fsck 2>output &&
+		grep gitmodulesBlob output
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck detects corrupt .gitmodules' '
+	git init corrupt &&
+	(
+		cd corrupt &&
+
+		echo "[broken" >.gitmodules &&
+		git add .gitmodules &&
+		git commit -m "broken gitmodules" &&
+
+		git fsck 2>output &&
+		grep gitmodulesParse output &&
+		test_i18ngrep ! "bad config" output
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7500-commit.sh b/t/t7500-commit.sh
index 116885a260..170b4810e0 100755
--- a/t/t7500-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7500-commit.sh
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success 'commit message from template with whitespace issue' '
 	echo "content galore" >>foo &&
 	git add foo &&
-	GIT_EDITOR="$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-whitespaced-content git commit \
-		--template "$TEMPLATE" &&
+	GIT_EDITOR=\""$TEST_DIRECTORY"\"/t7500/add-whitespaced-content \
+	git commit --template "$TEMPLATE" &&
 	commit_msg_is "commit message"
 '
 
@@ -272,6 +272,14 @@ test_expect_success 'commit --fixup provides correct one-line commit message' '
 	commit_msg_is "fixup! target message subject line"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'commit --fixup -m"something" -m"extra"' '
+	commit_for_rebase_autosquash_setup &&
+	git commit --fixup HEAD~1 -m"something" -m"extra" &&
+	commit_msg_is "fixup! target message subject linesomething
+
+extra"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'commit --squash works with -F' '
 	commit_for_rebase_autosquash_setup &&
 	echo "log message from file" >msgfile &&
@@ -325,8 +333,30 @@ test_expect_success 'invalid message options when using --fixup' '
 	test_must_fail git commit --fixup HEAD~1 --squash HEAD~2 &&
 	test_must_fail git commit --fixup HEAD~1 -C HEAD~2 &&
 	test_must_fail git commit --fixup HEAD~1 -c HEAD~2 &&
-	test_must_fail git commit --fixup HEAD~1 -m "cmdline message" &&
 	test_must_fail git commit --fixup HEAD~1 -F log
 '
 
+cat >expected-template <<EOF
+
+# Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting
+# with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.
+#
+# Author:    A U Thor <author@example.com>
+#
+# On branch commit-template-check
+# Changes to be committed:
+#	new file:   commit-template-check
+#
+# Untracked files not listed
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'new line found before status message in commit template' '
+	git checkout -b commit-template-check &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD &&
+	touch commit-template-check &&
+	git add commit-template-check &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="cat >editor-input" git commit --untracked-files=no --allow-empty-message &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected-template editor-input
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7501-commit.sh b/t/t7501-commit.sh
index 63e04277f9..fb9337c708 100755
--- a/t/t7501-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7501-commit.sh
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ test_expect_success 'initial status' '
 	echo bongo bongo >file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git status >actual &&
-	test_i18ngrep "Initial commit" actual
+	test_i18ngrep "No commits yet" actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fail initial amend' '
@@ -47,11 +47,23 @@ test_expect_success 'paths and -a do not mix' '
 test_expect_success PERL 'can use paths with --interactive' '
 	echo bong-o-bong >file &&
 	# 2: update, 1:st path, that is all, 7: quit
-	( echo 2; echo 1; echo; echo 7 ) |
+	test_write_lines 2 1 "" 7 |
 	git commit -m foo --interactive file &&
 	git reset --hard HEAD^
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'removed files and relative paths' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf foo" &&
+	git init foo &&
+	>foo/foo.txt &&
+	git -C foo add foo.txt &&
+	git -C foo commit -m first &&
+	git -C foo rm foo.txt &&
+
+	mkdir -p foo/bar &&
+	git -C foo/bar commit -m second ../foo.txt
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'using invalid commit with -C' '
 	test_must_fail git commit --allow-empty -C bogus
 '
@@ -155,6 +167,15 @@ test_expect_success 'amend --only ignores staged contents' '
 	git diff --exit-code
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'allow-empty --only ignores staged contents' '
+	echo changed-again >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit --allow-empty --only -m "empty" &&
+	git cat-file blob HEAD:file >file.actual &&
+	test_cmp file.expect file.actual &&
+	git diff --exit-code
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'set up editor' '
 	cat >editor <<-\EOF &&
 	#!/bin/sh
@@ -200,6 +221,26 @@ test_expect_success '--amend --edit of empty message' '
 	test_cmp expect msg
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--amend to set message to empty' '
+	echo bata >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "unamended" &&
+	git commit --amend --allow-empty-message -m "" &&
+	git diff-tree -s --format=%s HEAD >msg &&
+	echo "" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect msg
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--amend to set empty message needs --allow-empty-message' '
+	echo conga >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "unamended" &&
+	test_must_fail git commit --amend -m "" &&
+	git diff-tree -s --format=%s HEAD >msg &&
+	echo "unamended" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect msg
+'
+
 test_expect_success '-m --edit' '
 	echo amended >expect &&
 	git commit --allow-empty -m buffer &&
@@ -252,7 +293,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'interactive add' '
 test_expect_success PERL "commit --interactive doesn't change index if editor aborts" '
 	echo zoo >file &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --exit-code >diff1 &&
-	(echo u ; echo "*" ; echo q) |
+	test_write_lines u "*" q |
 	(
 		EDITOR=: &&
 		export EDITOR &&
@@ -370,8 +411,8 @@ test_expect_success 'sign off (1)' '
 	git commit -s -m "thank you" &&
 	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >actual &&
 	(
-		echo thank you
-		echo
+		echo thank you &&
+		echo &&
 		git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT |
 		sed -e "s/>.*/>/" -e "s/^/Signed-off-by: /"
 	) >expected &&
@@ -389,9 +430,9 @@ test_expect_success 'sign off (2)' '
 $existing" &&
 	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >actual &&
 	(
-		echo thank you
-		echo
-		echo $existing
+		echo thank you &&
+		echo &&
+		echo $existing &&
 		git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT |
 		sed -e "s/>.*/>/" -e "s/^/Signed-off-by: /"
 	) >expected &&
@@ -409,9 +450,9 @@ test_expect_success 'signoff gap' '
 $alt" &&
 	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" > actual &&
 	(
-		echo welcome
-		echo
-		echo $alt
+		echo welcome &&
+		echo &&
+		echo $alt &&
 		git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT |
 		sed -e "s/>.*/>/" -e "s/^/Signed-off-by: /"
 	) >expected &&
@@ -429,17 +470,53 @@ We have now
 $alt" &&
 	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" > actual &&
 	(
-		echo welcome
-		echo
-		echo We have now
-		echo $alt
-		echo
+		echo welcome &&
+		echo &&
+		echo We have now &&
+		echo $alt &&
+		echo &&
 		git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT |
 		sed -e "s/>.*/>/" -e "s/^/Signed-off-by: /"
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'signoff respects trailer config' '
+
+	echo 5 >positive &&
+	git add positive &&
+	git commit -s -m "subject
+
+non-trailer line
+Myfooter: x" &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" > actual &&
+	(
+		echo subject &&
+		echo &&
+		echo non-trailer line &&
+		echo Myfooter: x &&
+		echo &&
+		echo "Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	echo 6 >positive &&
+	git add positive &&
+	git -c "trailer.Myfooter.ifexists=add" commit -s -m "subject
+
+non-trailer line
+Myfooter: x" &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" > actual &&
+	(
+		echo subject &&
+		echo &&
+		echo non-trailer line &&
+		echo Myfooter: x &&
+		echo "Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'multiple -m' '
 
 	>negative &&
@@ -447,10 +524,10 @@ test_expect_success 'multiple -m' '
 	git commit -m "one" -m "two" -m "three" &&
 	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >actual &&
 	(
-		echo one
-		echo
-		echo two
-		echo
+		echo one &&
+		echo &&
+		echo two &&
+		echo &&
 		echo three
 	) >expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -505,13 +582,11 @@ test_expect_success 'same tree (merge and amend merge)' '
 
 	git merge -s ours side -m "empty ok" &&
 	git diff HEAD^ HEAD >actual &&
-	: >expected &&
-	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 
 	git commit --amend -m "empty really ok" &&
 	git diff HEAD^ HEAD >actual &&
-	: >expected &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 
 '
 
@@ -587,4 +662,24 @@ test_expect_success '--only works on to-be-born branch' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--dry-run with conflicts fixed from a merge' '
+	# setup two branches with conflicting information
+	# in the same file, resolve the conflict,
+	# call commit with --dry-run
+	echo "Initial contents, unimportant" >test-file &&
+	git add test-file &&
+	git commit -m "Initial commit" &&
+	echo "commit-1-state" >test-file &&
+	git commit -m "commit 1" -i test-file &&
+	git tag commit-1 &&
+	git checkout -b branch-2 HEAD^1 &&
+	echo "commit-2-state" >test-file &&
+	git commit -m "commit 2" -i test-file &&
+	! $(git merge --no-commit commit-1) &&
+	echo "commit-2-state" >test-file &&
+	git add test-file &&
+	git commit --dry-run &&
+	git commit -m "conflicts fixed from merge."
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7502-commit.sh b/t/t7502-commit.sh
index 051489ea33..ca4a740da0 100755
--- a/t/t7502-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7502-commit.sh
@@ -171,9 +171,9 @@ test_expect_success 'verbose' '
 
 test_expect_success 'verbose respects diff config' '
 
-	test_config color.diff always &&
+	test_config diff.noprefix true &&
 	git status -v >actual &&
-	grep "\[1mdiff --git" actual
+	grep "diff --git negative negative" actual
 '
 
 mesg_with_comment_and_newlines='
@@ -229,14 +229,36 @@ test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (scissors option,-F,-e)' '
 	cat >text <<EOF &&
 
 # to be kept
+
+  # ------------------------ >8 ------------------------
+# to be kept, too
 # ------------------------ >8 ------------------------
 to be removed
+# ------------------------ >8 ------------------------
+to be removed, too
+EOF
+
+	cat >expect <<EOF &&
+# to be kept
+
+  # ------------------------ >8 ------------------------
+# to be kept, too
 EOF
-	echo "# to be kept" >expect &&
 	git commit --cleanup=scissors -e -F text -a &&
 	git cat-file -p HEAD |sed -e "1,/^\$/d">actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (scissors option,-F,-e, scissors on first line)' '
 
+	echo >>negative &&
+	cat >text <<EOF &&
+# ------------------------ >8 ------------------------
+to be removed
+EOF
+	git commit --cleanup=scissors -e -F text -a --allow-empty-message &&
+	git cat-file -p HEAD |sed -e "1,/^\$/d">actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip option,-F)' '
@@ -370,8 +392,7 @@ exit 0
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success !AUTOIDENT 'do not fire editor when committer is bogus' '
-	>.git/result
-	>expect &&
+	>.git/result &&
 
 	echo >>negative &&
 	(
@@ -381,7 +402,7 @@ test_expect_success !AUTOIDENT 'do not fire editor when committer is bogus' '
 		export GIT_EDITOR &&
 		test_must_fail git commit -e -m sample -a
 	) &&
-	test_cmp expect .git/result
+	test_must_be_empty .git/result
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'do not fire editor if -m <msg> was given' '
@@ -505,11 +526,6 @@ try_commit_status_combo () {
 		test_i18ngrep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
-	test_expect_success 'commit' '
-		try_commit "" &&
-		test_i18ngrep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
-	'
-
 	test_expect_success 'commit --status' '
 		try_commit --status &&
 		test_i18ngrep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
diff --git a/t/t7504-commit-msg-hook.sh b/t/t7504-commit-msg-hook.sh
index 1f53ea8090..31b9c6a2c1 100755
--- a/t/t7504-commit-msg-hook.sh
+++ b/t/t7504-commit-msg-hook.sh
@@ -101,6 +101,10 @@ cat > "$HOOK" <<EOF
 exit 1
 EOF
 
+commit_msg_is () {
+	test "$(git log --pretty=format:%s%b -1)" = "$1"
+}
+
 test_expect_success 'with failing hook' '
 
 	echo "another" >> file &&
@@ -135,10 +139,37 @@ test_expect_success '--no-verify with failing hook (editor)' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'merge fails with failing hook' '
+
+	test_when_finished "git branch -D newbranch" &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -f master" &&
+	git checkout --orphan newbranch &&
+	: >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit --no-verify file2 -m in-side-branch &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --allow-unrelated-histories master &&
+	commit_msg_is "in-side-branch" # HEAD before merge
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge bypasses failing hook with --no-verify' '
+
+	test_when_finished "git branch -D newbranch" &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -f master" &&
+	git checkout --orphan newbranch &&
+	git rm -f file &&
+	: >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit --no-verify file2 -m in-side-branch &&
+	git merge --no-verify --allow-unrelated-histories master &&
+	commit_msg_is "Merge branch '\''master'\'' into newbranch"
+'
+
+
 chmod -x "$HOOK"
 test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'with non-executable hook' '
 
-	echo "content" >> file &&
+	echo "content" >file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -m "content"
 
@@ -178,10 +209,6 @@ exit 0
 EOF
 chmod +x "$HOOK"
 
-commit_msg_is () {
-	test "`git log --pretty=format:%s%b -1`" = "$1"
-}
-
 test_expect_success 'hook edits commit message' '
 
 	echo "additional" >> file &&
@@ -217,7 +244,55 @@ test_expect_success "hook doesn't edit commit message (editor)" '
 	echo "more plus" > FAKE_MSG &&
 	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit --no-verify &&
 	commit_msg_is "more plus"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hook called in git-merge picks up commit message' '
+	test_when_finished "git branch -D newbranch" &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -f master" &&
+	git checkout --orphan newbranch &&
+	git rm -f file &&
+	: >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit --no-verify file2 -m in-side-branch &&
+	git merge --allow-unrelated-histories master &&
+	commit_msg_is "new message"
+'
 
+test_expect_failure 'merge --continue remembers --no-verify' '
+	test_when_finished "git branch -D newbranch" &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -f master" &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	echo a >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit --no-verify -m "add file2 to master" &&
+	git checkout -b newbranch master^ &&
+	echo b >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit --no-verify file2 -m in-side-branch &&
+	git merge --no-verify -m not-rewritten-by-hook master &&
+	# resolve conflict:
+	echo c >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git merge --continue &&
+	commit_msg_is not-rewritten-by-hook
 '
 
+# set up fake editor to replace `pick` by `reword`
+cat > reword-editor <<'EOF'
+#!/bin/sh
+mv "$1" "$1".bup &&
+sed 's/^pick/reword/' <"$1".bup >"$1"
+EOF
+chmod +x reword-editor
+REWORD_EDITOR="$(pwd)/reword-editor"
+export REWORD_EDITOR
+
+test_expect_success 'hook is called for reword during `rebase -i`' '
+
+	GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR="\"$REWORD_EDITOR\"" git rebase -i HEAD^ &&
+	commit_msg_is "new message"
+
+'
+
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7505-prepare-commit-msg-hook.sh b/t/t7505-prepare-commit-msg-hook.sh
index 03dce09cfe..1f43b3cd4c 100755
--- a/t/t7505-prepare-commit-msg-hook.sh
+++ b/t/t7505-prepare-commit-msg-hook.sh
@@ -4,6 +4,38 @@ test_description='prepare-commit-msg hook'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+test_expect_success 'set up commits for rebasing' '
+	test_commit root &&
+	test_commit a a a &&
+	test_commit b b b &&
+	git checkout -b rebase-me root &&
+	test_commit rebase-a a aa &&
+	test_commit rebase-b b bb &&
+	for i in $(test_seq 1 13)
+	do
+		test_commit rebase-$i c $i
+	done &&
+	git checkout master &&
+
+	cat >rebase-todo <<-EOF
+	pick $(git rev-parse rebase-a)
+	pick $(git rev-parse rebase-b)
+	fixup $(git rev-parse rebase-1)
+	fixup $(git rev-parse rebase-2)
+	pick $(git rev-parse rebase-3)
+	fixup $(git rev-parse rebase-4)
+	squash $(git rev-parse rebase-5)
+	reword $(git rev-parse rebase-6)
+	squash $(git rev-parse rebase-7)
+	fixup $(git rev-parse rebase-8)
+	fixup $(git rev-parse rebase-9)
+	edit $(git rev-parse rebase-10)
+	squash $(git rev-parse rebase-11)
+	squash $(git rev-parse rebase-12)
+	edit $(git rev-parse rebase-13)
+	EOF
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'with no hook' '
 
 	echo "foo" > file &&
@@ -31,17 +63,41 @@ mkdir -p "$HOOKDIR"
 echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" > "$HOOK"
 cat >> "$HOOK" <<'EOF'
 
-if test "$2" = commit; then
-  source=$(git rev-parse "$3")
+GIT_DIR=$(git rev-parse --git-dir)
+if test -d "$GIT_DIR/rebase-merge"
+then
+	rebasing=1
+else
+	rebasing=0
+fi
+
+get_last_cmd () {
+	tail -n1 "$GIT_DIR/rebase-merge/done" | {
+		read cmd id _
+		git log --pretty="[$cmd %s]" -n1 $id
+	}
+}
+
+if test "$2" = commit
+then
+	if test $rebasing = 1
+	then
+		source="$3"
+	else
+		source=$(git rev-parse "$3")
+	fi
 else
-  source=${2-default}
+	source=${2-default}
 fi
-if test "$GIT_EDITOR" = :; then
-  sed -e "1s/.*/$source (no editor)/" "$1" > msg.tmp
+test "$GIT_EDITOR" = : && source="$source (no editor)"
+
+if test $rebasing = 1
+then
+	echo "$source $(get_last_cmd)" >"$1"
 else
-  sed -e "1s/.*/$source/" "$1" > msg.tmp
+	sed -e "1s/.*/$source/" "$1" >msg.tmp
+	mv msg.tmp "$1"
 fi
-mv msg.tmp "$1"
 exit 0
 EOF
 chmod +x "$HOOK"
@@ -53,7 +109,7 @@ test_expect_success 'with hook (-m)' '
 	echo "more" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -m "more" &&
-	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = "message (no editor)"
+	test "$(git log -1 --pretty=format:%s)" = "message (no editor)"
 
 '
 
@@ -62,7 +118,7 @@ test_expect_success 'with hook (-m editor)' '
 	echo "more" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
 	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit -e -m "more more" &&
-	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = message
+	test "$(git log -1 --pretty=format:%s)" = message
 
 '
 
@@ -71,7 +127,7 @@ test_expect_success 'with hook (-t)' '
 	echo "more" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -t "$(git rev-parse --git-dir)/template" &&
-	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = template
+	test "$(git log -1 --pretty=format:%s)" = template
 
 '
 
@@ -80,7 +136,7 @@ test_expect_success 'with hook (-F)' '
 	echo "more" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
 	(echo more | git commit -F -) &&
-	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = "message (no editor)"
+	test "$(git log -1 --pretty=format:%s)" = "message (no editor)"
 
 '
 
@@ -89,17 +145,17 @@ test_expect_success 'with hook (-F editor)' '
 	echo "more" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
 	(echo more more | GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit -e -F -) &&
-	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = message
+	test "$(git log -1 --pretty=format:%s)" = message
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'with hook (-C)' '
 
-	head=`git rev-parse HEAD` &&
+	head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	echo "more" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -C $head &&
-	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = "$head (no editor)"
+	test "$(git log -1 --pretty=format:%s)" = "$head (no editor)"
 
 '
 
@@ -108,27 +164,27 @@ test_expect_success 'with hook (editor)' '
 	echo "more more" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
 	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit &&
-	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = default
+	test "$(git log -1 --pretty=format:%s)" = default
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'with hook (--amend)' '
 
-	head=`git rev-parse HEAD` &&
+	head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	echo "more" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
 	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit --amend &&
-	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = "$head"
+	test "$(git log -1 --pretty=format:%s)" = "$head"
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'with hook (-c)' '
 
-	head=`git rev-parse HEAD` &&
+	head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	echo "more" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
 	GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit -c $head &&
-	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = "$head"
+	test "$(git log -1 --pretty=format:%s)" = "$head"
 
 '
 
@@ -141,7 +197,7 @@ test_expect_success 'with hook (merge)' '
 	git commit -m other &&
 	git checkout - &&
 	git merge --no-ff other &&
-	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = "merge (no editor)"
+	test "$(git log -1 --pretty=format:%s)" = "merge (no editor)"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'with hook and editor (merge)' '
@@ -153,7 +209,64 @@ test_expect_success 'with hook and editor (merge)' '
 	git commit -m other &&
 	git checkout - &&
 	env GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git merge --no-ff -e other &&
-	test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s`" = "merge"
+	test "$(git log -1 --pretty=format:%s)" = "merge"
+'
+
+test_rebase () {
+	expect=$1 &&
+	mode=$2 &&
+	test_expect_$expect C_LOCALE_OUTPUT "with hook (rebase $mode)" '
+		test_when_finished "\
+			git rebase --abort
+			git checkout -f master
+			git branch -D tmp" &&
+		git checkout -b tmp rebase-me &&
+		GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR="cp rebase-todo" &&
+		GIT_EDITOR="\"$FAKE_EDITOR\"" &&
+		(
+			export GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR GIT_EDITOR &&
+			test_must_fail git rebase $mode b &&
+			echo x >a &&
+			git add a &&
+			test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
+			echo x >b &&
+			git add b &&
+			git commit &&
+			git rebase --continue &&
+			echo y >a &&
+			git add a &&
+			git commit &&
+			git rebase --continue &&
+			echo y >b &&
+			git add b &&
+			git rebase --continue
+		) &&
+		if test $mode = -p # reword amended after pick
+		then
+			n=18
+		else
+			n=17
+		fi &&
+		git log --pretty=%s -g -n$n HEAD@{1} >actual &&
+		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t7505/expected-rebase$mode" actual
+	'
+}
+
+test_rebase success -i
+test_rebase success -p
+
+test_expect_success 'with hook (cherry-pick)' '
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -f master" &&
+	git checkout -B other b &&
+	git cherry-pick rebase-1 &&
+	test "$(git log -1 --pretty=format:%s)" = "message (no editor)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with hook and editor (cherry-pick)' '
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -f master" &&
+	git checkout -B other b &&
+	git cherry-pick -e rebase-1 &&
+	test "$(git log -1 --pretty=format:%s)" = merge
 '
 
 cat > "$HOOK" <<'EOF'
@@ -164,7 +277,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success 'with failing hook' '
 
 	test_when_finished "git checkout -f master" &&
-	head=`git rev-parse HEAD` &&
+	head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	echo "more" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
 	test_must_fail env GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit -c $head
@@ -174,7 +287,7 @@ test_expect_success 'with failing hook' '
 test_expect_success 'with failing hook (--no-verify)' '
 
 	test_when_finished "git checkout -f master" &&
-	head=`git rev-parse HEAD` &&
+	head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	echo "more" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
 	test_must_fail env GIT_EDITOR="\"\$FAKE_EDITOR\"" git commit --no-verify -c $head
@@ -197,4 +310,11 @@ test_expect_success 'with failing hook (merge)' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'with failing hook (cherry-pick)' '
+	test_when_finished "git checkout -f master" &&
+	git checkout -B other b &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick rebase-1 2>actual &&
+	test $(grep -c prepare-commit-msg actual) = 1
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7505/expected-rebase-i b/t/t7505/expected-rebase-i
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c514bdbb94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7505/expected-rebase-i
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+message [edit rebase-13]
+message (no editor) [edit rebase-13]
+message [squash rebase-12]
+message (no editor) [squash rebase-11]
+default [edit rebase-10]
+message (no editor) [edit rebase-10]
+message [fixup rebase-9]
+message (no editor) [fixup rebase-8]
+message (no editor) [squash rebase-7]
+message [reword rebase-6]
+message [squash rebase-5]
+message (no editor) [fixup rebase-4]
+message (no editor) [pick rebase-3]
+message (no editor) [fixup rebase-2]
+message (no editor) [fixup rebase-1]
+merge [pick rebase-b]
+message [pick rebase-a]
diff --git a/t/t7505/expected-rebase-p b/t/t7505/expected-rebase-p
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..93bada596e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7505/expected-rebase-p
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+message [edit rebase-13]
+message (no editor) [edit rebase-13]
+message [squash rebase-12]
+message (no editor) [squash rebase-11]
+default [edit rebase-10]
+message (no editor) [edit rebase-10]
+message [fixup rebase-9]
+message (no editor) [fixup rebase-8]
+message (no editor) [squash rebase-7]
+HEAD [reword rebase-6]
+message (no editor) [reword rebase-6]
+message [squash rebase-5]
+message (no editor) [fixup rebase-4]
+message (no editor) [pick rebase-3]
+message (no editor) [fixup rebase-2]
+message (no editor) [fixup rebase-1]
+merge [pick rebase-b]
+message [pick rebase-a]
diff --git a/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh b/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh
index d31b34da83..943708fb04 100755
--- a/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh
@@ -17,6 +17,12 @@ test_create_repo_with_commit () {
 	)
 }
 
+sanitize_output () {
+	sed -e "s/$OID_REGEX/HASH/" -e "s/$OID_REGEX/HASH/" output >output2 &&
+	mv output2 output
+}
+
+
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	test_create_repo_with_commit sub &&
 	echo output > .gitignore &&
@@ -50,6 +56,15 @@ test_expect_success 'status with modified file in submodule (porcelain)' '
 	EOF
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'status with modified file in submodule (short)' '
+	(cd sub && git reset --hard) &&
+	echo "changed" >sub/foo &&
+	git status --short >output &&
+	diff output - <<-\EOF
+	 m sub
+	EOF
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'status with added file in submodule' '
 	(cd sub && git reset --hard && echo >foo && git add foo) &&
 	git status >output &&
@@ -64,6 +79,14 @@ test_expect_success 'status with added file in submodule (porcelain)' '
 	EOF
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'status with added file in submodule (short)' '
+	(cd sub && git reset --hard && echo >foo && git add foo) &&
+	git status --short >output &&
+	diff output - <<-\EOF
+	 m sub
+	EOF
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'status with untracked file in submodule' '
 	(cd sub && git reset --hard) &&
 	echo "content" >sub/new-file &&
@@ -83,6 +106,13 @@ test_expect_success 'status with untracked file in submodule (porcelain)' '
 	EOF
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'status with untracked file in submodule (short)' '
+	git status --short >output &&
+	diff output - <<-\EOF
+	 ? sub
+	EOF
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'status with added and untracked file in submodule' '
 	(cd sub && git reset --hard && echo >foo && git add foo) &&
 	echo "content" >sub/new-file &&
@@ -163,9 +193,9 @@ test_expect_success 'status with added and untracked file in modified submodule
 
 test_expect_success 'setup .git file for sub' '
 	(cd sub &&
-	 rm -f new-file
+	 rm -f new-file &&
 	 REAL="$(pwd)/../.real" &&
-	 mv .git "$REAL"
+	 mv .git "$REAL" &&
 	 echo "gitdir: $REAL" >.git) &&
 	 echo .real >>.gitignore &&
 	 git commit -m "added .real to .gitignore" .gitignore
@@ -177,8 +207,24 @@ test_expect_success 'status with added file in modified submodule with .git file
 	test_i18ngrep "modified:   sub (new commits, modified content)" output
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'status with a lot of untracked files in the submodule' '
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		i=0 &&
+		while test $i -lt 1024
+		do
+			>some-file-$i &&
+			i=$(( $i + 1 )) || exit 1
+		done
+	) &&
+	git status --porcelain sub 2>err.actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty err.actual &&
+	rm err.actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'rm submodule contents' '
-	rm -rf sub/* sub/.git
+	rm -rf sub &&
+	mkdir sub
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status clean (empty submodule dir)' '
@@ -260,7 +306,7 @@ test_expect_success 'diff with merge conflict in .gitmodules' '
 		cd super &&
 		git diff >../diff_actual 2>&1
 	) &&
-	test_cmp diff_actual diff_expect
+	test_cmp diff_expect diff_actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'diff --submodule with merge conflict in .gitmodules' '
@@ -268,7 +314,94 @@ test_expect_success 'diff --submodule with merge conflict in .gitmodules' '
 		cd super &&
 		git diff --submodule >../diff_submodule_actual 2>&1
 	) &&
-	test_cmp diff_submodule_actual diff_submodule_expect
+	test_cmp diff_submodule_expect diff_submodule_actual
+'
+
+# We'll setup different cases for further testing:
+# sub1 will contain a nested submodule,
+# sub2 will have an untracked file
+# sub3 will have an untracked repository
+test_expect_success 'setup superproject with untracked file in nested submodule' '
+	(
+		cd super &&
+		git clean -dfx &&
+		rm .gitmodules &&
+		git submodule add -f ./sub1 &&
+		git submodule add -f ./sub2 &&
+		git submodule add -f ./sub1 sub3 &&
+		git commit -a -m "messy merge in superproject" &&
+		(
+			cd sub1 &&
+			git submodule add ../sub2 &&
+			git commit -a -m "add sub2 to sub1"
+		) &&
+		git add sub1 &&
+		git commit -a -m "update sub1 to contain nested sub"
+	) &&
+	echo content >super/sub1/sub2/file &&
+	echo content >super/sub2/file &&
+	git -C super/sub3 clone ../../sub2 untracked_repository
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status with untracked file in nested submodule (porcelain)' '
+	git -C super status --porcelain >output &&
+	diff output - <<-\EOF
+	 M sub1
+	 M sub2
+	 M sub3
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status with untracked file in nested submodule (porcelain=2)' '
+	git -C super status --porcelain=2 >output &&
+	sanitize_output output &&
+	diff output - <<-\EOF
+	1 .M S..U 160000 160000 160000 HASH HASH sub1
+	1 .M S..U 160000 160000 160000 HASH HASH sub2
+	1 .M S..U 160000 160000 160000 HASH HASH sub3
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status with untracked file in nested submodule (short)' '
+	git -C super status --short >output &&
+	diff output - <<-\EOF
+	 ? sub1
+	 ? sub2
+	 ? sub3
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup superproject with modified file in nested submodule' '
+	git -C super/sub1/sub2 add file &&
+	git -C super/sub2 add file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status with added file in nested submodule (porcelain)' '
+	git -C super status --porcelain >output &&
+	diff output - <<-\EOF
+	 M sub1
+	 M sub2
+	 M sub3
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status with added file in nested submodule (porcelain=2)' '
+	git -C super status --porcelain=2 >output &&
+	sanitize_output output &&
+	diff output - <<-\EOF
+	1 .M S.M. 160000 160000 160000 HASH HASH sub1
+	1 .M S.M. 160000 160000 160000 HASH HASH sub2
+	1 .M S..U 160000 160000 160000 HASH HASH sub3
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status with added file in nested submodule (short)' '
+	git -C super status --short >output &&
+	diff output - <<-\EOF
+	 m sub1
+	 m sub2
+	 ? sub3
+	EOF
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7507-commit-verbose.sh b/t/t7507-commit-verbose.sh
index 2ddf28c984..ed2653d46f 100755
--- a/t/t7507-commit-verbose.sh
+++ b/t/t7507-commit-verbose.sh
@@ -3,11 +3,10 @@
 test_description='verbose commit template'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-cat >check-for-diff <<EOF
-#!$SHELL_PATH
-exec grep '^diff --git' "\$1"
+write_script "check-for-diff" <<\EOF &&
+grep '^diff --git' "$1" >out
+exit 0
 EOF
-chmod +x check-for-diff
 test_set_editor "$PWD/check-for-diff"
 
 cat >message <<'EOF'
@@ -23,7 +22,8 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'initial commit shows verbose diff' '
-	git commit --amend -v
+	git commit --amend -v &&
+	test_line_count = 1 out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'second commit' '
@@ -39,13 +39,15 @@ check_message() {
 
 test_expect_success 'verbose diff is stripped out' '
 	git commit --amend -v &&
-	check_message message
+	check_message message &&
+	test_line_count = 1 out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'verbose diff is stripped out (mnemonicprefix)' '
 	git config diff.mnemonicprefix true &&
 	git commit --amend -v &&
-	check_message message
+	check_message message &&
+	test_line_count = 1 out
 '
 
 cat >diff <<'EOF'
@@ -96,4 +98,60 @@ test_expect_success 'verbose diff is stripped out with set core.commentChar' '
 	test_i18ngrep "Aborting commit due to empty commit message." err
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'status does not verbose without --verbose' '
+	git status >actual &&
+	! grep "^diff --git" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup -v -v' '
+	echo dirty >file
+'
+
+for i in true 1
+do
+	test_expect_success "commit.verbose=$i and --verbose omitted" "
+		git -c commit.verbose=$i commit --amend &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out
+	"
+done
+
+for i in false -2 -1 0
+do
+	test_expect_success "commit.verbose=$i and --verbose omitted" "
+		git -c commit.verbose=$i commit --amend &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out
+	"
+done
+
+for i in 2 3
+do
+	test_expect_success "commit.verbose=$i and --verbose omitted" "
+		git -c commit.verbose=$i commit --amend &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out
+	"
+done
+
+for i in true false -2 -1 0 1 2 3
+do
+	test_expect_success "commit.verbose=$i and --verbose" "
+		git -c commit.verbose=$i commit --amend --verbose &&
+		test_line_count = 1 out
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success "commit.verbose=$i and --no-verbose" "
+		git -c commit.verbose=$i commit --amend --no-verbose &&
+		test_line_count = 0 out
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success "commit.verbose=$i and -v -v" "
+		git -c commit.verbose=$i commit --amend -v -v &&
+		test_line_count = 2 out
+	"
+done
+
+test_expect_success "status ignores commit.verbose=true" '
+	git -c commit.verbose=true status >actual &&
+	! grep "^diff --git actual"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7508-status.sh b/t/t7508-status.sh
index c3ed7cb51c..e1f11293e2 100755
--- a/t/t7508-status.sh
+++ b/t/t7508-status.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 test_description='git status'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'status -h in broken repository' '
 	git config --global advice.statusuoption false &&
@@ -32,6 +33,17 @@ test_expect_success 'commit -h in broken repository' '
 	test_i18ngrep "[Uu]sage" broken/usage
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'create upstream branch' '
+	git checkout -b upstream &&
+	test_commit upstream1 &&
+	test_commit upstream2 &&
+	# leave the first commit on master as root because several
+	# tests depend on this case; for our upstream we only
+	# care about commit counts anyway, so a totally divergent
+	# history is OK
+	git checkout --orphan master
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	: >tracked &&
 	: >modified &&
@@ -53,7 +65,9 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	echo 1 >dir1/modified &&
 	echo 2 >dir2/modified &&
 	echo 3 >dir2/added &&
-	git add dir2/added
+	git add dir2/added &&
+
+	git branch --set-upstream-to=upstream
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status (1)' '
@@ -75,6 +89,10 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success 'status --column' '
 	cat >expect <<\EOF &&
 # On branch master
+# Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+# and have 1 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+#   (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+#
 # Changes to be committed:
 #   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 #
@@ -105,6 +123,10 @@ test_expect_success 'status --column status.displayCommentPrefix=false' '
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
 # On branch master
+# Your branch and 'upstream' have diverged,
+# and have 1 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+#   (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+#
 # Changes to be committed:
 #   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 #
@@ -178,6 +200,9 @@ test_expect_success 'commit ignores status.displayCommentPrefix=false in COMMIT_
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
 On branch master
+Your branch and 'upstream' have diverged,
+and have 1 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+
 Changes to be committed:
 	new file:   dir2/added
 
@@ -248,6 +273,10 @@ test_expect_success 'status with gitignore' '
 
 	cat >expect <<\EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 1 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes to be committed:
   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 
@@ -313,6 +342,10 @@ test_expect_success 'status with gitignore (nothing untracked)' '
 
 	cat >expect <<\EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 1 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes to be committed:
   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 
@@ -348,7 +381,7 @@ output*
 EOF
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
-## master
+## master...upstream [ahead 1, behind 2]
  M dir1/modified
 A  dir2/added
 ?? dir1/untracked
@@ -360,7 +393,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success 'status -s -b' '
 
 	git status -s -b >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 
 '
 
@@ -370,7 +403,7 @@ test_expect_success 'status -s -z -b' '
 	git status -s -z -b >output &&
 	nul_to_q <output >output.q &&
 	mv output.q output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup dir3' '
@@ -382,6 +415,10 @@ test_expect_success 'setup dir3' '
 test_expect_success 'status -uno' '
 	cat >expect <<EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 1 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes to be committed:
   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 
@@ -408,6 +445,9 @@ test_expect_success 'status (status.showUntrackedFiles no)' '
 test_expect_success 'status -uno (advice.statusHints false)' '
 	cat >expect <<EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 1 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+
 Changes to be committed:
 	new file:   dir2/added
 
@@ -439,6 +479,10 @@ test_expect_success 'status -s (status.showUntrackedFiles no)' '
 test_expect_success 'status -unormal' '
 	cat >expect <<EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 1 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes to be committed:
   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 
@@ -493,6 +537,10 @@ test_expect_success 'status -s (status.showUntrackedFiles normal)' '
 test_expect_success 'status -uall' '
 	cat >expect <<EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 1 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes to be committed:
   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 
@@ -552,6 +600,10 @@ test_expect_success 'status -s (status.showUntrackedFiles all)' '
 test_expect_success 'status with relative paths' '
 	cat >expect <<\EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 1 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes to be committed:
   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 
@@ -610,13 +662,19 @@ test_expect_success 'status --porcelain ignores relative paths setting' '
 test_expect_success 'setup unique colors' '
 
 	git config status.color.untracked blue &&
-	git config status.color.branch green
+	git config status.color.branch green &&
+	git config status.color.localBranch yellow &&
+	git config status.color.remoteBranch cyan
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'status with color.ui' '
+test_expect_success TTY 'status with color.ui' '
 	cat >expect <<\EOF &&
 On branch <GREEN>master<RESET>
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 1 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes to be committed:
   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 
@@ -637,14 +695,14 @@ Untracked files:
 	<BLUE>untracked<RESET>
 
 EOF
-	test_config color.ui always &&
-	git status | test_decode_color >output &&
+	test_config color.ui auto &&
+	test_terminal git status | test_decode_color >output &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'status with color.status' '
-	test_config color.status always &&
-	git status | test_decode_color >output &&
+test_expect_success TTY 'status with color.status' '
+	test_config color.status auto &&
+	test_terminal git status | test_decode_color >output &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
@@ -657,25 +715,25 @@ cat >expect <<\EOF
 <BLUE>??<RESET> untracked
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'status -s with color.ui' '
+test_expect_success TTY 'status -s with color.ui' '
 
-	git config color.ui always &&
-	git status -s | test_decode_color >output &&
+	git config color.ui auto &&
+	test_terminal git status -s | test_decode_color >output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'status -s with color.status' '
+test_expect_success TTY 'status -s with color.status' '
 
 	git config --unset color.ui &&
-	git config color.status always &&
-	git status -s | test_decode_color >output &&
+	git config color.status auto &&
+	test_terminal git status -s | test_decode_color >output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 
 '
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
-## <GREEN>master<RESET>
+## <YELLOW>master<RESET>...<CYAN>upstream<RESET> [ahead <YELLOW>1<RESET>, behind <CYAN>2<RESET>]
  <RED>M<RESET> dir1/modified
 <GREEN>A<RESET>  dir2/added
 <BLUE>??<RESET> dir1/untracked
@@ -684,10 +742,10 @@ cat >expect <<\EOF
 <BLUE>??<RESET> untracked
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'status -s -b with color.status' '
+test_expect_success TTY 'status -s -b with color.status' '
 
-	git status -s -b | test_decode_color >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_terminal git status -s -b | test_decode_color >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 
 '
 
@@ -700,20 +758,20 @@ A  dir2/added
 ?? untracked
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'status --porcelain ignores color.ui' '
+test_expect_success TTY 'status --porcelain ignores color.ui' '
 
 	git config --unset color.status &&
-	git config color.ui always &&
-	git status --porcelain | test_decode_color >output &&
+	git config color.ui auto &&
+	test_terminal git status --porcelain | test_decode_color >output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'status --porcelain ignores color.status' '
+test_expect_success TTY 'status --porcelain ignores color.status' '
 
 	git config --unset color.ui &&
-	git config color.status always &&
-	git status --porcelain | test_decode_color >output &&
+	git config color.status auto &&
+	test_terminal git status --porcelain | test_decode_color >output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 
 '
@@ -726,7 +784,7 @@ test_expect_success 'status --porcelain respects -b' '
 
 	git status --porcelain -b >output &&
 	{
-		echo "## master" &&
+		echo "## master...upstream [ahead 1, behind 2]" &&
 		cat expect
 	} >tmp &&
 	mv tmp expect &&
@@ -739,6 +797,10 @@ test_expect_success 'status --porcelain respects -b' '
 test_expect_success 'status without relative paths' '
 	cat >expect <<\EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 1 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes to be committed:
   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 
@@ -785,6 +847,10 @@ test_expect_success 'status -s without relative paths' '
 test_expect_success 'dry-run of partial commit excluding new file in index' '
 	cat >expect <<EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 1 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes to be committed:
   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 
@@ -803,7 +869,7 @@ EOF
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
-:100644 100644 e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 M	dir1/modified
+:100644 100644 $EMPTY_BLOB 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 M	dir1/modified
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'status refreshes the index' '
 	touch dir2/added &&
@@ -825,6 +891,10 @@ test_expect_success 'setup status submodule summary' '
 test_expect_success 'status submodule summary is disabled by default' '
 	cat >expect <<EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 1 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes to be committed:
   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 
@@ -881,6 +951,10 @@ head=$(cd sm && git rev-parse --short=7 --verify HEAD)
 test_expect_success 'status submodule summary' '
 	cat >expect <<EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 1 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes to be committed:
   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 
@@ -939,6 +1013,10 @@ test_expect_success 'status -s submodule summary' '
 test_expect_success 'status submodule summary (clean submodule): commit' '
 	cat >expect <<EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 2 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes not staged for commit:
   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
@@ -985,6 +1063,10 @@ test_expect_success 'status -z implies porcelain' '
 test_expect_success 'commit --dry-run submodule summary (--amend)' '
 	cat >expect <<EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 2 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes to be committed:
   (use "git reset HEAD^1 <file>..." to unstage)
 
@@ -1017,6 +1099,7 @@ EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SANITY 'status succeeds in a read-only repository' '
+	test_when_finished "chmod 775 .git" &&
 	(
 		chmod a-w .git &&
 		# make dir1/tracked stat-dirty
@@ -1026,9 +1109,6 @@ test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SANITY 'status succeeds in a read-only repository'
 		# make sure "status" succeeded without writing index out
 		git diff-files | grep dir1/tracked
 	)
-	status=$?
-	chmod 775 .git
-	(exit $status)
 '
 
 (cd sm && echo > bar && git add bar && git commit -q -m 'Add bar') && git add sm
@@ -1038,6 +1118,10 @@ touch .gitmodules
 test_expect_success '--ignore-submodules=untracked suppresses submodules with untracked content' '
 	cat > expect << EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 2 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes to be committed:
   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 
@@ -1146,6 +1230,10 @@ test_expect_success '.git/config ignore=dirty suppresses submodules with modifie
 test_expect_success "--ignore-submodules=untracked doesn't suppress submodules with modified content" '
 	cat > expect << EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 2 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes to be committed:
   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 
@@ -1202,6 +1290,10 @@ head2=$(cd sm && git commit -q -m "2nd commit" foo && git rev-parse --short=7 --
 test_expect_success "--ignore-submodules=untracked doesn't suppress submodule summary" '
 	cat > expect << EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 2 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes to be committed:
   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 
@@ -1282,6 +1374,10 @@ test_expect_success ".git/config ignore=dirty doesn't suppress submodule summary
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 ; On branch master
+; Your branch and 'upstream' have diverged,
+; and have 2 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+;   (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+;
 ; Changes to be committed:
 ;   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 ;
@@ -1329,6 +1425,10 @@ test_expect_success "status (core.commentchar with two chars with submodule summ
 test_expect_success "--ignore-submodules=all suppresses submodule summary" '
 	cat > expect << EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 2 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes not staged for commit:
   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
@@ -1353,6 +1453,10 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success '.gitmodules ignore=all suppresses unstaged submodule summary' '
 	cat > expect << EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 2 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes to be committed:
   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 
@@ -1377,7 +1481,7 @@ EOF
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.ignore all &&
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sm &&
 	git status > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname
 '
 
@@ -1387,7 +1491,7 @@ test_expect_success '.git/config ignore=all suppresses unstaged submodule summar
 	git config --add submodule.subname.ignore all &&
 	git config --add submodule.subname.path sm &&
 	git status > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
 	git config --remove-section submodule.subname &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname
 '
@@ -1472,6 +1576,10 @@ test_expect_success 'git commit --dry-run will show a staged but ignored submodu
 	git add sm &&
 	cat >expect << EOF &&
 On branch master
+Your branch and '\''upstream'\'' have diverged,
+and have 2 and 2 different commits each, respectively.
+  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
+
 Changes to be committed:
   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
 
@@ -1494,9 +1602,81 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success 'git commit -m will commit a staged but ignored submodule' '
 	git commit -uno -m message &&
 	git status -s --ignore-submodules=dirty >output &&
-	 test_i18ngrep ! "^M. sm" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "^M. sm" output &&
 	git config --remove-section submodule.subname &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'show stash info with "--show-stash"' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git stash clear &&
+	echo 1 >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git stash &&
+	git status >expected_default &&
+	git status --show-stash >expected_with_stash &&
+	test_i18ngrep "^Your stash currently has 1 entry$" expected_with_stash
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no stash info with "--show-stash --no-show-stash"' '
+	git status --show-stash --no-show-stash >expected_without_stash &&
+	test_cmp expected_default expected_without_stash
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"status.showStash=false" weaker than "--show-stash"' '
+	git -c status.showStash=false status --show-stash >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected_with_stash actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"status.showStash=true" weaker than "--no-show-stash"' '
+	git -c status.showStash=true status --no-show-stash >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected_without_stash actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no additionnal info if no stash entries' '
+	git stash clear &&
+	git -c status.showStash=true status >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected_without_stash actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"No commits yet" should be noted in status output' '
+	git checkout --orphan empty-branch-1 &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "No commits yet" output
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"No commits yet" should not be noted in status output' '
+	git checkout --orphan empty-branch-2 &&
+	test_commit test-commit-1 &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "No commits yet" output
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"Initial commit" should be noted in commit template' '
+	git checkout --orphan empty-branch-3 &&
+	touch to_be_committed_1 &&
+	git add to_be_committed_1 &&
+	git commit --dry-run >output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Initial commit" output
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"Initial commit" should not be noted in commit template' '
+	git checkout --orphan empty-branch-4 &&
+	test_commit test-commit-2 &&
+	touch to_be_committed_2 &&
+	git add to_be_committed_2 &&
+	git commit --dry-run >output &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "Initial commit" output
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-optional-locks prevents index update' '
+	test-tool chmtime =1234567890 .git/index &&
+	git --no-optional-locks status &&
+	test-tool chmtime --get .git/index >out &&
+	grep ^1234567890 out &&
+	git status &&
+	test-tool chmtime --get .git/index >out &&
+	! grep ^1234567890 out
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7509-commit.sh b/t/t7509-commit.sh
index 9ac794052d..ddef7ea6b0 100755
--- a/t/t7509-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7509-commit.sh
@@ -90,22 +90,10 @@ sha1_file() {
 remove_object() {
 	rm -f $(sha1_file "$*")
 }
-no_reflog() {
-	cp .git/config .git/config.saved &&
-	echo "[core] logallrefupdates = false" >>.git/config &&
-	test_when_finished "mv -f .git/config.saved .git/config" &&
-
-	if test -e .git/logs
-	then
-		mv .git/logs . &&
-		test_when_finished "mv logs .git/"
-	fi
-}
 
 test_expect_success '--amend option with empty author' '
 	git cat-file commit Initial >tmp &&
 	sed "s/author [^<]* </author  </" tmp >empty-author &&
-	no_reflog &&
 	sha=$(git hash-object -t commit -w empty-author) &&
 	test_when_finished "remove_object $sha" &&
 	git checkout $sha &&
@@ -113,13 +101,12 @@ test_expect_success '--amend option with empty author' '
 	echo "Empty author test" >>foo &&
 	test_tick &&
 	test_must_fail git commit -a -m "empty author" --amend 2>err &&
-	grep "empty ident" err
+	test_i18ngrep "empty ident" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--amend option with missing author' '
 	git cat-file commit Initial >tmp &&
 	sed "s/author [^<]* </author </" tmp >malformed &&
-	no_reflog &&
 	sha=$(git hash-object -t commit -w malformed) &&
 	test_when_finished "remove_object $sha" &&
 	git checkout $sha &&
@@ -127,7 +114,7 @@ test_expect_success '--amend option with missing author' '
 	echo "Missing author test" >>foo &&
 	test_tick &&
 	test_must_fail git commit -a -m "malformed author" --amend 2>err &&
-	grep "empty ident" err
+	test_i18ngrep "empty ident" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--reset-author makes the commit ours even with --amend option' '
diff --git a/t/t7510-signed-commit.sh b/t/t7510-signed-commit.sh
index fc1ff45283..4e37ff8f16 100755
--- a/t/t7510-signed-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7510-signed-commit.sh
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 test_description='signed commit tests'
 . ./test-lib.sh
+GNUPGHOME_NOT_USED=$GNUPGHOME
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY/lib-gpg.sh"
 
 test_expect_success GPG 'create signed commits' '
@@ -45,12 +46,18 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'create signed commits' '
 	git tag seventh-signed &&
 
 	echo 8 >file && test_tick && git commit -a -m eighth -SB7227189 &&
-	git tag eighth-signed-alt
+	git tag eighth-signed-alt &&
+
+	# commit.gpgsign is still on but this must not be signed
+	git tag ninth-unsigned $(echo 9 | git commit-tree HEAD^{tree}) &&
+	# explicit -S of course must sign.
+	git tag tenth-signed $(echo 9 | git commit-tree -S HEAD^{tree})
 '
 
 test_expect_success GPG 'verify and show signatures' '
 	(
-		for commit in initial second merge fourth-signed fifth-signed sixth-signed seventh-signed
+		for commit in initial second merge fourth-signed \
+			fifth-signed sixth-signed seventh-signed tenth-signed
 		do
 			git verify-commit $commit &&
 			git show --pretty=short --show-signature $commit >actual &&
@@ -60,7 +67,8 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'verify and show signatures' '
 		done
 	) &&
 	(
-		for commit in merge^2 fourth-unsigned sixth-unsigned seventh-unsigned
+		for commit in merge^2 fourth-unsigned sixth-unsigned \
+			seventh-unsigned ninth-unsigned
 		do
 			test_must_fail git verify-commit $commit &&
 			git show --pretty=short --show-signature $commit >actual &&
@@ -81,13 +89,51 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'verify and show signatures' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'verify-commit exits success on untrusted signature' '
+	git verify-commit eighth-signed-alt 2>actual &&
+	grep "Good signature from" actual &&
+	! grep "BAD signature from" actual &&
+	grep "not certified" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'verify signatures with --raw' '
+	(
+		for commit in initial second merge fourth-signed fifth-signed sixth-signed seventh-signed
+		do
+			git verify-commit --raw $commit 2>actual &&
+			grep "GOODSIG" actual &&
+			! grep "BADSIG" actual &&
+			echo $commit OK || exit 1
+		done
+	) &&
+	(
+		for commit in merge^2 fourth-unsigned sixth-unsigned seventh-unsigned
+		do
+			test_must_fail git verify-commit --raw $commit 2>actual &&
+			! grep "GOODSIG" actual &&
+			! grep "BADSIG" actual &&
+			echo $commit OK || exit 1
+		done
+	) &&
+	(
+		for commit in eighth-signed-alt
+		do
+			git verify-commit --raw $commit 2>actual &&
+			grep "GOODSIG" actual &&
+			! grep "BADSIG" actual &&
+			grep "TRUST_UNDEFINED" actual &&
+			echo $commit OK || exit 1
+		done
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success GPG 'show signed commit with signature' '
 	git show -s initial >commit &&
 	git show -s --show-signature initial >show &&
 	git verify-commit -v initial >verify.1 2>verify.2 &&
 	git cat-file commit initial >cat &&
-	grep -v "gpg: " show >show.commit &&
-	grep "gpg: " show >show.gpg &&
+	grep -v -e "gpg: " -e "Warning: " show >show.commit &&
+	grep -e "gpg: " -e "Warning: " show >show.gpg &&
 	grep -v "^ " cat | grep -v "^gpgsig " >cat.commit &&
 	test_cmp show.commit commit &&
 	test_cmp show.gpg verify.2 &&
@@ -96,10 +142,9 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'show signed commit with signature' '
 
 test_expect_success GPG 'detect fudged signature' '
 	git cat-file commit seventh-signed >raw &&
-
-	sed -e "s/seventh/7th forged/" raw >forged1 &&
+	sed -e "s/^seventh/7th forged/" raw >forged1 &&
 	git hash-object -w -t commit forged1 >forged1.commit &&
-	! git verify-commit $(cat forged1.commit) &&
+	test_must_fail git verify-commit $(cat forged1.commit) &&
 	git show --pretty=short --show-signature $(cat forged1.commit) >actual1 &&
 	grep "BAD signature from" actual1 &&
 	! grep "Good signature from" actual1
@@ -110,7 +155,7 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'detect fudged signature with NUL' '
 	cat raw >forged2 &&
 	echo Qwik | tr "Q" "\000" >>forged2 &&
 	git hash-object -w -t commit forged2 >forged2.commit &&
-	! git verify-commit $(cat forged2.commit) &&
+	test_must_fail git verify-commit $(cat forged2.commit) &&
 	git show --pretty=short --show-signature $(cat forged2.commit) >actual2 &&
 	grep "BAD signature from" actual2 &&
 	! grep "Good signature from" actual2
@@ -145,7 +190,7 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'show bad signature with custom format' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success GPG 'show unknown signature with custom format' '
+test_expect_success GPG 'show untrusted signature with custom format' '
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	U
 	61092E85B7227189
@@ -155,6 +200,16 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'show unknown signature with custom format' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'show unknown signature with custom format' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	E
+	61092E85B7227189
+
+	EOF
+	GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_NOT_USED" git log -1 --format="%G?%n%GK%n%GS" eighth-signed-alt >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success GPG 'show lack of signature with custom format' '
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	N
@@ -165,4 +220,18 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'show lack of signature with custom format' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'log.showsignature behaves like --show-signature' '
+	test_config log.showsignature true &&
+	git show initial >actual &&
+	grep "gpg: Signature made" actual &&
+	grep "gpg: Good signature" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'check config gpg.format values' '
+	test_config gpg.format openpgp &&
+	git commit -S --amend -m "success" &&
+	test_config gpg.format OpEnPgP &&
+	test_must_fail git commit -S --amend -m "fail"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7512-status-help.sh b/t/t7512-status-help.sh
index 68ad2d7454..458608cc1e 100755
--- a/t/t7512-status-help.sh
+++ b/t/t7512-status-help.sh
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ test_expect_success 'status when conflicts unresolved' '
 On branch conflicts
 You have unmerged paths.
   (fix conflicts and run "git commit")
+  (use "git merge --abort" to abort the merge)
 
 Unmerged paths:
   (use "git add <file>..." to mark resolution)
@@ -134,9 +135,13 @@ test_expect_success 'prepare for rebase_i_conflicts' '
 test_expect_success 'status during rebase -i when conflicts unresolved' '
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
 	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short rebase_i_conflicts) &&
+	LAST_COMMIT=$(git rev-parse --short rebase_i_conflicts_second) &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase -i rebase_i_conflicts &&
 	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+interactive rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+Last command done (1 command done):
+   pick $LAST_COMMIT one_second
+No commands remaining.
 You are currently rebasing branch '\''rebase_i_conflicts_second'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
   (fix conflicts and then run "git rebase --continue")
   (use "git rebase --skip" to skip this patch)
@@ -159,10 +164,14 @@ test_expect_success 'status during rebase -i after resolving conflicts' '
 	git reset --hard rebase_i_conflicts_second &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
 	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short rebase_i_conflicts) &&
+	LAST_COMMIT=$(git rev-parse --short rebase_i_conflicts_second) &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase -i rebase_i_conflicts &&
 	git add main.txt &&
 	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+interactive rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+Last command done (1 command done):
+   pick $LAST_COMMIT one_second
+No commands remaining.
 You are currently rebasing branch '\''rebase_i_conflicts_second'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
   (all conflicts fixed: run "git rebase --continue")
 
@@ -183,14 +192,20 @@ test_expect_success 'status when rebasing -i in edit mode' '
 	git checkout -b rebase_i_edit &&
 	test_commit one_rebase_i main.txt one &&
 	test_commit two_rebase_i main.txt two &&
+	COMMIT2=$(git rev-parse --short rebase_i_edit) &&
 	test_commit three_rebase_i main.txt three &&
+	COMMIT3=$(git rev-parse --short rebase_i_edit) &&
 	FAKE_LINES="1 edit 2" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
 	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~2) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~2 &&
 	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+interactive rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+Last commands done (2 commands done):
+   pick $COMMIT2 two_rebase_i
+   edit $COMMIT3 three_rebase_i
+No commands remaining.
 You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''rebase_i_edit'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
@@ -207,8 +222,11 @@ test_expect_success 'status when splitting a commit' '
 	git checkout -b split_commit &&
 	test_commit one_split main.txt one &&
 	test_commit two_split main.txt two &&
+	COMMIT2=$(git rev-parse --short split_commit) &&
 	test_commit three_split main.txt three &&
+	COMMIT3=$(git rev-parse --short split_commit) &&
 	test_commit four_split main.txt four &&
+	COMMIT4=$(git rev-parse --short split_commit) &&
 	FAKE_LINES="1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
@@ -216,7 +234,13 @@ test_expect_success 'status when splitting a commit' '
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git reset HEAD^ &&
 	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+interactive rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+Last commands done (2 commands done):
+   pick $COMMIT2 two_split
+   edit $COMMIT3 three_split
+Next command to do (1 remaining command):
+   pick $COMMIT4 four_split
+  (use "git rebase --edit-todo" to view and edit)
 You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '\''split_commit'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
   (Once your working directory is clean, run "git rebase --continue")
 
@@ -239,7 +263,9 @@ test_expect_success 'status after editing the last commit with --amend during a
 	test_commit one_amend main.txt one &&
 	test_commit two_amend main.txt two &&
 	test_commit three_amend main.txt three &&
+	COMMIT3=$(git rev-parse --short amend_last) &&
 	test_commit four_amend main.txt four &&
+	COMMIT4=$(git rev-parse --short amend_last) &&
 	FAKE_LINES="1 2 edit 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
@@ -247,7 +273,12 @@ test_expect_success 'status after editing the last commit with --amend during a
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git commit --amend -m "foo" &&
 	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+interactive rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+Last commands done (3 commands done):
+   pick $COMMIT3 three_amend
+   edit $COMMIT4 four_amend
+  (see more in file .git/rebase-merge/done)
+No commands remaining.
 You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''amend_last'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
@@ -273,11 +304,20 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (continue first edit) second edit' '
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	COMMIT2=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^^) &&
+	COMMIT3=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^) &&
+	COMMIT4=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits) &&
 	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+interactive rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+Last commands done (2 commands done):
+   edit $COMMIT2 two_edits
+   edit $COMMIT3 three_edits
+Next command to do (1 remaining command):
+   pick $COMMIT4 four_edits
+  (use "git rebase --edit-todo" to view and edit)
 You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
@@ -294,12 +334,21 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (continue first edit) second edit and split' '
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	COMMIT2=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^^) &&
+	COMMIT3=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^) &&
+	COMMIT4=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits) &&
 	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	git reset HEAD^ &&
 	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+interactive rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+Last commands done (2 commands done):
+   edit $COMMIT2 two_edits
+   edit $COMMIT3 three_edits
+Next command to do (1 remaining command):
+   pick $COMMIT4 four_edits
+  (use "git rebase --edit-todo" to view and edit)
 You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
   (Once your working directory is clean, run "git rebase --continue")
 
@@ -321,12 +370,21 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (continue first edit) second edit and amend' '
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	COMMIT2=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^^) &&
+	COMMIT3=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^) &&
+	COMMIT4=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits) &&
 	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	git commit --amend -m "foo" &&
 	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+interactive rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+Last commands done (2 commands done):
+   edit $COMMIT2 two_edits
+   edit $COMMIT3 three_edits
+Next command to do (1 remaining command):
+   pick $COMMIT4 four_edits
+  (use "git rebase --edit-todo" to view and edit)
 You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
@@ -343,12 +401,21 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (amend first edit) second edit' '
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	COMMIT2=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^^) &&
+	COMMIT3=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^) &&
+	COMMIT4=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits) &&
 	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git commit --amend -m "a" &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+interactive rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+Last commands done (2 commands done):
+   edit $COMMIT2 two_edits
+   edit $COMMIT3 three_edits
+Next command to do (1 remaining command):
+   pick $COMMIT4 four_edits
+  (use "git rebase --edit-todo" to view and edit)
 You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
@@ -366,12 +433,21 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (amend first edit) second edit and split' '
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
 	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
+	COMMIT2=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^^) &&
+	COMMIT3=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^) &&
+	COMMIT4=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git commit --amend -m "b" &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	git reset HEAD^ &&
 	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+interactive rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+Last commands done (2 commands done):
+   edit $COMMIT2 two_edits
+   edit $COMMIT3 three_edits
+Next command to do (1 remaining command):
+   pick $COMMIT4 four_edits
+  (use "git rebase --edit-todo" to view and edit)
 You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
   (Once your working directory is clean, run "git rebase --continue")
 
@@ -393,13 +469,22 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (amend first edit) second edit and amend' '
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	COMMIT2=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^^) &&
+	COMMIT3=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^) &&
+	COMMIT4=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits) &&
 	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git commit --amend -m "c" &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	git commit --amend -m "d" &&
 	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+interactive rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+Last commands done (2 commands done):
+   edit $COMMIT2 two_edits
+   edit $COMMIT3 three_edits
+Next command to do (1 remaining command):
+   pick $COMMIT4 four_edits
+  (use "git rebase --edit-todo" to view and edit)
 You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
@@ -416,6 +501,9 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (split first edit) second edit' '
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	COMMIT2=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^^) &&
+	COMMIT3=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^) &&
+	COMMIT4=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits) &&
 	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git reset HEAD^ &&
@@ -423,7 +511,13 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (split first edit) second edit' '
 	git commit -m "e" &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+interactive rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+Last commands done (2 commands done):
+   edit $COMMIT2 two_edits
+   edit $COMMIT3 three_edits
+Next command to do (1 remaining command):
+   pick $COMMIT4 four_edits
+  (use "git rebase --edit-todo" to view and edit)
 You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
@@ -440,6 +534,9 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (split first edit) second edit and split' '
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	COMMIT2=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^^) &&
+	COMMIT3=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^) &&
+	COMMIT4=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits) &&
 	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git reset HEAD^ &&
@@ -448,7 +545,13 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (split first edit) second edit and split' '
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	git reset HEAD^ &&
 	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+interactive rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+Last commands done (2 commands done):
+   edit $COMMIT2 two_edits
+   edit $COMMIT3 three_edits
+Next command to do (1 remaining command):
+   pick $COMMIT4 four_edits
+  (use "git rebase --edit-todo" to view and edit)
 You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
   (Once your working directory is clean, run "git rebase --continue")
 
@@ -470,6 +573,9 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (split first edit) second edit and amend' '
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	COMMIT2=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^^) &&
+	COMMIT3=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits^) &&
+	COMMIT4=$(git rev-parse --short several_edits) &&
 	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git reset HEAD^ &&
@@ -478,7 +584,13 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (split first edit) second edit and amend' '
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	git commit --amend -m "h" &&
 	cat >expected <<EOF &&
-rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+interactive rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+Last commands done (2 commands done):
+   edit $COMMIT2 two_edits
+   edit $COMMIT3 three_edits
+Next command to do (1 remaining command):
+   pick $COMMIT4 four_edits
+  (use "git rebase --edit-todo" to view and edit)
 You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
@@ -745,4 +857,110 @@ EOF
 	test_i18ncmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'prepare for different number of commits rebased' '
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git checkout -b several_commits &&
+	test_commit one_commit main.txt one &&
+	test_commit two_commit main.txt two &&
+	test_commit three_commit main.txt three &&
+	test_commit four_commit main.txt four
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status: one command done nothing remaining' '
+	FAKE_LINES="exec_exit_15" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
+	cat >expected <<EOF &&
+interactive rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+Last command done (1 command done):
+   exec exit 15
+No commands remaining.
+You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_commits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
+  (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
+  (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
+
+nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status: two commands done with some white lines in done file' '
+	FAKE_LINES="1 > exec_exit_15  2 3" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
+	COMMIT4=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	COMMIT3=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD^) &&
+	COMMIT2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD^^) &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
+	cat >expected <<EOF &&
+interactive rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+Last commands done (2 commands done):
+   pick $COMMIT2 two_commit
+   exec exit 15
+Next commands to do (2 remaining commands):
+   pick $COMMIT3 three_commit
+   pick $COMMIT4 four_commit
+  (use "git rebase --edit-todo" to view and edit)
+You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_commits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
+  (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
+  (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
+
+nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status: two remaining commands with some white lines in todo file' '
+	FAKE_LINES="1 2 exec_exit_15 3 > 4" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~4) &&
+	COMMIT4=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	COMMIT3=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD^) &&
+	COMMIT2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD^^) &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i HEAD~4 &&
+	cat >expected <<EOF &&
+interactive rebase in progress; onto $ONTO
+Last commands done (3 commands done):
+   pick $COMMIT2 two_commit
+   exec exit 15
+  (see more in file .git/rebase-merge/done)
+Next commands to do (2 remaining commands):
+   pick $COMMIT3 three_commit
+   pick $COMMIT4 four_commit
+  (use "git rebase --edit-todo" to view and edit)
+You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_commits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
+  (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
+  (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
+
+nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status: handle not-yet-started rebase -i gracefully' '
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD^) &&
+	COMMIT=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	EDITOR="git status --untracked-files=no >actual" git rebase -i HEAD^ &&
+	cat >expected <<EOF &&
+On branch several_commits
+No commands done.
+Next command to do (1 remaining command):
+   pick $COMMIT four_commit
+  (use "git rebase --edit-todo" to view and edit)
+You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_commits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
+  (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
+  (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
+
+nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+EOF
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7513-interpret-trailers.sh b/t/t7513-interpret-trailers.sh
index bd0ab46750..164719d1c9 100755
--- a/t/t7513-interpret-trailers.sh
+++ b/t/t7513-interpret-trailers.sh
@@ -93,12 +93,338 @@ test_expect_success 'with config option on the command line' '
 		Acked-by: Johan
 		Reviewed-by: Peff
 	EOF
-	echo "Acked-by: Johan" |
+	{ echo; echo "Acked-by: Johan"; } |
 	git -c "trailer.Acked-by.ifexists=addifdifferent" interpret-trailers \
 		--trailer "Reviewed-by: Peff" --trailer "Acked-by: Johan" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'with only a title in the message' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+		area: change
+
+		Reviewed-by: Peff
+		Acked-by: Johan
+	EOF
+	echo "area: change" |
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "Reviewed-by: Peff" \
+		--trailer "Acked-by: Johan" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with multiline title in the message' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+		place of
+		code: change
+
+		Reviewed-by: Peff
+		Acked-by: Johan
+	EOF
+	printf "%s\n" "place of" "code: change" |
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "Reviewed-by: Peff" \
+		--trailer "Acked-by: Johan" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with non-trailer lines mixed with Signed-off-by' '
+	cat >patch <<-\EOF &&
+
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+		Signed-off-by: a <a@example.com>
+		this is not a trailer
+	EOF
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+		Signed-off-by: a <a@example.com>
+		this is not a trailer
+		token: value
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "token: value" patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with non-trailer lines mixed with cherry picked from' '
+	cat >patch <<-\EOF &&
+
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+		(cherry picked from commit x)
+		this is not a trailer
+	EOF
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+		(cherry picked from commit x)
+		this is not a trailer
+		token: value
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "token: value" patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with non-trailer lines mixed with a configured trailer' '
+	cat >patch <<-\EOF &&
+
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+		My-trailer: x
+		this is not a trailer
+	EOF
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+		My-trailer: x
+		this is not a trailer
+		token: value
+	EOF
+	test_config trailer.my.key "My-trailer: " &&
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "token: value" patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with non-trailer lines mixed with a non-configured trailer' '
+	cat >patch <<-\EOF &&
+
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+		I-am-not-configured: x
+		this is not a trailer
+	EOF
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+		I-am-not-configured: x
+		this is not a trailer
+
+		token: value
+	EOF
+	test_config trailer.my.key "My-trailer: " &&
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "token: value" patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with all non-configured trailers' '
+	cat >patch <<-\EOF &&
+
+		I-am-not-configured: x
+		I-am-also-not-configured: x
+	EOF
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+
+		I-am-not-configured: x
+		I-am-also-not-configured: x
+		token: value
+	EOF
+	test_config trailer.my.key "My-trailer: " &&
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "token: value" patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'with non-trailer lines only' '
+	cat >patch <<-\EOF &&
+
+		this is not a trailer
+	EOF
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+
+		this is not a trailer
+
+		token: value
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "token: value" patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'line with leading whitespace is not trailer' '
+	q_to_tab >patch <<-\EOF &&
+
+		Qtoken: value
+	EOF
+	q_to_tab >expected <<-\EOF &&
+
+		Qtoken: value
+
+		token: value
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "token: value" patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiline field treated as one trailer for 25% check' '
+	q_to_tab >patch <<-\EOF &&
+
+		Signed-off-by: a <a@example.com>
+		name: value on
+		Qmultiple lines
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+	EOF
+	q_to_tab >expected <<-\EOF &&
+
+		Signed-off-by: a <a@example.com>
+		name: value on
+		Qmultiple lines
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+		this is not a trailer
+		name: value
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "name: value" patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiline field treated as atomic for placement' '
+	q_to_tab >patch <<-\EOF &&
+
+		another: trailer
+		name: value on
+		Qmultiple lines
+		another: trailer
+	EOF
+	q_to_tab >expected <<-\EOF &&
+
+		another: trailer
+		name: value on
+		Qmultiple lines
+		name: value
+		another: trailer
+	EOF
+	test_config trailer.name.where after &&
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "name: value" patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiline field treated as atomic for replacement' '
+	q_to_tab >patch <<-\EOF &&
+
+		another: trailer
+		name: value on
+		Qmultiple lines
+		another: trailer
+	EOF
+	q_to_tab >expected <<-\EOF &&
+
+		another: trailer
+		another: trailer
+		name: value
+	EOF
+	test_config trailer.name.ifexists replace &&
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "name: value" patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiline field treated as atomic for difference check' '
+	q_to_tab >patch <<-\EOF &&
+
+		another: trailer
+		name: first line
+		Qsecond line
+		another: trailer
+	EOF
+	test_config trailer.name.ifexists addIfDifferent &&
+
+	q_to_tab >trailer <<-\EOF &&
+		name: first line
+		Qsecond line
+	EOF
+	q_to_tab >expected <<-\EOF &&
+
+		another: trailer
+		name: first line
+		Qsecond line
+		another: trailer
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "$(cat trailer)" patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	q_to_tab >trailer <<-\EOF &&
+		name: first line
+		QQQQQsecond line
+	EOF
+	q_to_tab >expected <<-\EOF &&
+
+		another: trailer
+		name: first line
+		Qsecond line
+		another: trailer
+		name: first line
+		QQQQQsecond line
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "$(cat trailer)" patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	q_to_tab >trailer <<-\EOF &&
+		name: first line *DIFFERENT*
+		Qsecond line
+	EOF
+	q_to_tab >expected <<-\EOF &&
+
+		another: trailer
+		name: first line
+		Qsecond line
+		another: trailer
+		name: first line *DIFFERENT*
+		Qsecond line
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "$(cat trailer)" patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiline field treated as atomic for neighbor check' '
+	q_to_tab >patch <<-\EOF &&
+
+		another: trailer
+		name: first line
+		Qsecond line
+		another: trailer
+	EOF
+	test_config trailer.name.where after &&
+	test_config trailer.name.ifexists addIfDifferentNeighbor &&
+
+	q_to_tab >trailer <<-\EOF &&
+		name: first line
+		Qsecond line
+	EOF
+	q_to_tab >expected <<-\EOF &&
+
+		another: trailer
+		name: first line
+		Qsecond line
+		another: trailer
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "$(cat trailer)" patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	q_to_tab >trailer <<-\EOF &&
+		name: first line
+		QQQQQsecond line
+	EOF
+	q_to_tab >expected <<-\EOF &&
+
+		another: trailer
+		name: first line
+		Qsecond line
+		name: first line
+		QQQQQsecond line
+		another: trailer
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "$(cat trailer)" patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'with config setup' '
 	git config trailer.ack.key "Acked-by: " &&
 	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
@@ -299,6 +625,46 @@ test_expect_success 'with complex patch, args and --trim-empty' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'in-place editing with basic patch' '
+	cat basic_message >message &&
+	cat basic_patch >>message &&
+	cat basic_message >expected &&
+	echo >>expected &&
+	cat basic_patch >>expected &&
+	git interpret-trailers --in-place message &&
+	test_cmp expected message
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'in-place editing with additional trailer' '
+	cat basic_message >message &&
+	cat basic_patch >>message &&
+	cat basic_message >expected &&
+	echo >>expected &&
+	cat >>expected <<-\EOF &&
+		Reviewed-by: Alice
+	EOF
+	cat basic_patch >>expected &&
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer "Reviewed-by: Alice" --in-place message &&
+	test_cmp expected message
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'in-place editing on stdin disallowed' '
+	test_must_fail git interpret-trailers --trailer "Reviewed-by: Alice" --in-place < basic_message
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'in-place editing on non-existing file' '
+	test_must_fail git interpret-trailers --trailer "Reviewed-by: Alice" --in-place nonexisting &&
+	test_path_is_missing nonexisting
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SANITY "in-place editing doesn't clobber original file on error" '
+	cat basic_message >message &&
+	chmod -r message &&
+	test_must_fail git interpret-trailers --trailer "Reviewed-by: Alice" --in-place message &&
+	chmod +r message &&
+	test_cmp message basic_message
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'using "where = before"' '
 	git config trailer.bug.where "before" &&
 	cat complex_message_body >expected &&
@@ -315,6 +681,36 @@ test_expect_success 'using "where = before"' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'overriding configuration with "--where after"' '
+	git config trailer.ack.where "before" &&
+	cat complex_message_body >expected &&
+	sed -e "s/ Z\$/ /" >>expected <<-\EOF &&
+		Fixes: Z
+		Acked-by= Z
+		Acked-by= Peff
+		Reviewed-by: Z
+		Signed-off-by: Z
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers --where after --trailer "ack: Peff" \
+		complex_message >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'using "where = before" with "--no-where"' '
+	cat complex_message_body >expected &&
+	sed -e "s/ Z\$/ /" >>expected <<-\EOF &&
+		Bug #42
+		Fixes: Z
+		Acked-by= Peff
+		Acked-by= Z
+		Reviewed-by: Z
+		Signed-off-by: Z
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers --where after --no-where --trailer "ack: Peff" \
+		--trailer "bug: 42" complex_message >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'using "where = after"' '
 	git config trailer.ack.where "after" &&
 	cat complex_message_body >expected &&
@@ -581,6 +977,23 @@ test_expect_success 'using "ifExists = add" with "where = after"' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'overriding configuration with "--if-exists replace"' '
+	git config trailer.fix.key "Fixes: " &&
+	git config trailer.fix.ifExists "add" &&
+	cat complex_message_body >expected &&
+	sed -e "s/ Z\$/ /" >>expected <<-\EOF &&
+		Bug #42
+		Acked-by= Z
+		Reviewed-by:
+		Signed-off-by: Z
+		Fixes: 22
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers --if-exists replace --trailer "review:" \
+		--trailer "fix=53" --trailer "fix=22" --trailer "bug: 42" \
+		<complex_message >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'using "ifExists = replace"' '
 	git config trailer.fix.key "Fixes: " &&
 	git config trailer.fix.ifExists "replace" &&
@@ -660,6 +1073,25 @@ test_expect_success 'the default is "ifMissing = add"' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'overriding configuration with "--if-missing doNothing"' '
+	git config trailer.ifmissing "add" &&
+	cat complex_message_body >expected &&
+	sed -e "s/ Z\$/ /" >>expected <<-\EOF &&
+		Fixes: Z
+		Acked-by= Z
+		Acked-by= Junio
+		Acked-by= Peff
+		Reviewed-by:
+		Signed-off-by: Z
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers --if-missing doNothing \
+		--trailer "review:" --trailer "fix=53" \
+		--trailer "cc=Linus" --trailer "ack: Junio" \
+		--trailer "fix=22" --trailer "bug: 42" --trailer "ack: Peff" \
+		<complex_message >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'when default "ifMissing" is "doNothing"' '
 	git config trailer.ifmissing "doNothing" &&
 	cat complex_message_body >expected &&
@@ -892,4 +1324,97 @@ test_expect_success 'with no command and no key' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'with cut line' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+		my subject
+
+		review: Brian
+		sign: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+		# ------------------------ >8 ------------------------
+		ignore this
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers --trailer review:Brian >actual <<-\EOF &&
+		my subject
+		# ------------------------ >8 ------------------------
+		ignore this
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'only trailers' '
+	git config trailer.sign.command "echo config-value" &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+		existing: existing-value
+		sign: config-value
+		added: added-value
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers \
+		--trailer added:added-value \
+		--only-trailers >actual <<-\EOF &&
+		my subject
+
+		my body
+
+		existing: existing-value
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'only-trailers omits non-trailer in middle of block' '
+	git config trailer.sign.command "echo config-value" &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+		Signed-off-by: nobody <nobody@nowhere>
+		Signed-off-by: somebody <somebody@somewhere>
+		sign: config-value
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers --only-trailers >actual <<-\EOF &&
+		subject
+
+		it is important that the trailers below are signed-off-by
+		so that they meet the "25% trailers Git knows about" heuristic
+
+		Signed-off-by: nobody <nobody@nowhere>
+		this is not a trailer
+		Signed-off-by: somebody <somebody@somewhere>
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'only input' '
+	git config trailer.sign.command "echo config-value" &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+		existing: existing-value
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers \
+		--only-trailers --only-input >actual <<-\EOF &&
+		my subject
+
+		my body
+
+		existing: existing-value
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unfold' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+		foo: continued across several lines
+	EOF
+	# pass through tr to make leading and trailing whitespace more obvious
+	tr _ " " <<-\EOF |
+		my subject
+
+		my body
+
+		foo:_
+		__continued
+		___across
+		____several
+		_____lines
+		___
+	EOF
+	git interpret-trailers --only-trailers --only-input --unfold >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7517-per-repo-email.sh b/t/t7517-per-repo-email.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2a22fa7588
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7517-per-repo-email.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2016 Dan Aloni
+# Copyright (c) 2016 Jeff King
+#
+
+test_description='per-repo forced setting of email address'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup a likely user.useConfigOnly use case' '
+	# we want to make sure a reflog is written, since that needs
+	# a non-strict ident. So be sure we have an actual commit.
+	test_commit foo &&
+
+	sane_unset GIT_AUTHOR_NAME GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL &&
+	sane_unset GIT_COMMITTER_NAME GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL &&
+	git config user.name "test" &&
+	git config --global user.useConfigOnly true
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fails committing if clone email is not set' '
+	test_must_fail git commit --allow-empty -m msg
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fails committing if clone email is not set, but EMAIL set' '
+	test_must_fail env EMAIL=test@fail.com git commit --allow-empty -m msg
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'succeeds committing if clone email is set' '
+	test_config user.email "test@ok.com" &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m msg
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'succeeds cloning if global email is not set' '
+	git clone . clone
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up rebase scenarios' '
+	# temporarily enable an actual ident for this setup
+	test_config user.email foo@example.com &&
+	test_commit new &&
+	git branch side-without-commit HEAD^ &&
+	git checkout -b side-with-commit HEAD^ &&
+	test_commit side
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fast-forward rebase does not care about ident' '
+	git checkout -B tmp side-without-commit &&
+	git rebase master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non-fast-forward rebase refuses to write commits' '
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort || true" &&
+	git checkout -B tmp side-with-commit &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fast-forward rebase does not care about ident (interactive)' '
+	git checkout -B tmp side-without-commit &&
+	git rebase -i master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non-fast-forward rebase refuses to write commits (interactive)' '
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort || true" &&
+	git checkout -B tmp side-with-commit &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'noop interactive rebase does not care about ident' '
+	git checkout -B tmp side-with-commit &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fast-forward rebase does not care about ident (preserve)' '
+	git checkout -B tmp side-without-commit &&
+	git rebase -p master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non-fast-forward rebase refuses to write commits (preserve)' '
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort || true" &&
+	git checkout -B tmp side-with-commit &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -p master
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7518-ident-corner-cases.sh b/t/t7518-ident-corner-cases.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b22f631261
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7518-ident-corner-cases.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='corner cases in ident strings'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# confirm that we do not segfault _and_ that we do not say "(null)", as
+# glibc systems will quietly handle our NULL pointer
+#
+# Note also that we can't use "env" here because we need to unset a variable,
+# and "-u" is not portable.
+test_expect_success 'empty name and missing email' '
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL &&
+		GIT_AUTHOR_NAME= &&
+		test_must_fail git commit --allow-empty -m foo 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep ! null err
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit rejects all-crud name' '
+	test_must_fail env GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=" .;<>" \
+		git commit --allow-empty -m foo
+'
+
+# We must test the actual error message here, as an unwanted
+# auto-detection could fail for other reasons.
+test_expect_success 'empty configured name does not auto-detect' '
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_AUTHOR_NAME &&
+		test_must_fail \
+			git -c user.name= commit --allow-empty -m foo 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep "empty ident name" err
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7519-status-fsmonitor.sh b/t/t7519-status-fsmonitor.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..756beb0d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7519-status-fsmonitor.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git status with file system watcher'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+#
+# To run the entire git test suite using fsmonitor:
+#
+# copy t/t7519/fsmonitor-all to a location in your path and then set
+# GIT_FSMONITOR_TEST=fsmonitor-all and run your tests.
+#
+
+# Note, after "git reset --hard HEAD" no extensions exist other than 'TREE'
+# "git update-index --fsmonitor" can be used to get the extension written
+# before testing the results.
+
+clean_repo () {
+	git reset --hard HEAD &&
+	git clean -fd
+}
+
+dirty_repo () {
+	: >untracked &&
+	: >dir1/untracked &&
+	: >dir2/untracked &&
+	echo 1 >modified &&
+	echo 2 >dir1/modified &&
+	echo 3 >dir2/modified &&
+	echo 4 >new &&
+	echo 5 >dir1/new &&
+	echo 6 >dir2/new
+}
+
+write_integration_script () {
+	write_script .git/hooks/fsmonitor-test<<-\EOF
+	if test "$#" -ne 2
+	then
+		echo "$0: exactly 2 arguments expected"
+		exit 2
+	fi
+	if test "$1" != 1
+	then
+		echo "Unsupported core.fsmonitor hook version." >&2
+		exit 1
+	fi
+	printf "untracked\0"
+	printf "dir1/untracked\0"
+	printf "dir2/untracked\0"
+	printf "modified\0"
+	printf "dir1/modified\0"
+	printf "dir2/modified\0"
+	printf "new\0"
+	printf "dir1/new\0"
+	printf "dir2/new\0"
+	EOF
+}
+
+test_lazy_prereq UNTRACKED_CACHE '
+	{ git update-index --test-untracked-cache; ret=$?; } &&
+	test $ret -ne 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+	: >tracked &&
+	: >modified &&
+	mkdir dir1 &&
+	: >dir1/tracked &&
+	: >dir1/modified &&
+	mkdir dir2 &&
+	: >dir2/tracked &&
+	: >dir2/modified &&
+	git -c core.fsmonitor= add . &&
+	git -c core.fsmonitor= commit -m initial &&
+	git config core.fsmonitor .git/hooks/fsmonitor-test &&
+	cat >.gitignore <<-\EOF
+	.gitignore
+	expect*
+	actual*
+	marker*
+	EOF
+'
+
+# test that the fsmonitor extension is off by default
+test_expect_success 'fsmonitor extension is off by default' '
+	test-dump-fsmonitor >actual &&
+	grep "^no fsmonitor" actual
+'
+
+# test that "update-index --fsmonitor" adds the fsmonitor extension
+test_expect_success 'update-index --fsmonitor" adds the fsmonitor extension' '
+	git update-index --fsmonitor &&
+	test-dump-fsmonitor >actual &&
+	grep "^fsmonitor last update" actual
+'
+
+# test that "update-index --no-fsmonitor" removes the fsmonitor extension
+test_expect_success 'update-index --no-fsmonitor" removes the fsmonitor extension' '
+	git update-index --no-fsmonitor &&
+	test-dump-fsmonitor >actual &&
+	grep "^no fsmonitor" actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF &&
+h dir1/modified
+H dir1/tracked
+h dir2/modified
+H dir2/tracked
+h modified
+H tracked
+EOF
+
+# test that "update-index --fsmonitor-valid" sets the fsmonitor valid bit
+test_expect_success 'update-index --fsmonitor-valid" sets the fsmonitor valid bit' '
+	git update-index --fsmonitor &&
+	git update-index --fsmonitor-valid dir1/modified &&
+	git update-index --fsmonitor-valid dir2/modified &&
+	git update-index --fsmonitor-valid modified &&
+	git ls-files -f >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF &&
+H dir1/modified
+H dir1/tracked
+H dir2/modified
+H dir2/tracked
+H modified
+H tracked
+EOF
+
+# test that "update-index --no-fsmonitor-valid" clears the fsmonitor valid bit
+test_expect_success 'update-index --no-fsmonitor-valid" clears the fsmonitor valid bit' '
+	git update-index --no-fsmonitor-valid dir1/modified &&
+	git update-index --no-fsmonitor-valid dir2/modified &&
+	git update-index --no-fsmonitor-valid modified &&
+	git ls-files -f >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF &&
+H dir1/modified
+H dir1/tracked
+H dir2/modified
+H dir2/tracked
+H modified
+H tracked
+EOF
+
+# test that all files returned by the script get flagged as invalid
+test_expect_success 'all files returned by integration script get flagged as invalid' '
+	write_integration_script &&
+	dirty_repo &&
+	git update-index --fsmonitor &&
+	git ls-files -f >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF &&
+H dir1/modified
+h dir1/new
+H dir1/tracked
+H dir2/modified
+h dir2/new
+H dir2/tracked
+H modified
+h new
+H tracked
+EOF
+
+# test that newly added files are marked valid
+test_expect_success 'newly added files are marked valid' '
+	git add new &&
+	git add dir1/new &&
+	git add dir2/new &&
+	git ls-files -f >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF &&
+H dir1/modified
+h dir1/new
+h dir1/tracked
+H dir2/modified
+h dir2/new
+h dir2/tracked
+H modified
+h new
+h tracked
+EOF
+
+# test that all unmodified files get marked valid
+test_expect_success 'all unmodified files get marked valid' '
+	# modified files result in update-index returning 1
+	test_must_fail git update-index --refresh --force-write-index &&
+	git ls-files -f >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF &&
+H dir1/modified
+h dir1/tracked
+h dir2/modified
+h dir2/tracked
+h modified
+h tracked
+EOF
+
+# test that *only* files returned by the integration script get flagged as invalid
+test_expect_success '*only* files returned by the integration script get flagged as invalid' '
+	write_script .git/hooks/fsmonitor-test<<-\EOF &&
+	printf "dir1/modified\0"
+	EOF
+	clean_repo &&
+	git update-index --refresh --force-write-index &&
+	echo 1 >modified &&
+	echo 2 >dir1/modified &&
+	echo 3 >dir2/modified &&
+	test_must_fail git update-index --refresh --force-write-index &&
+	git ls-files -f >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Ensure commands that call refresh_index() to move the index back in time
+# properly invalidate the fsmonitor cache
+test_expect_success 'refresh_index() invalidates fsmonitor cache' '
+	write_script .git/hooks/fsmonitor-test<<-\EOF &&
+	EOF
+	clean_repo &&
+	dirty_repo &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m "to reset" &&
+	git reset HEAD~1 &&
+	git status >actual &&
+	git -c core.fsmonitor= status >expect &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+# test fsmonitor with and without preloadIndex
+preload_values="false true"
+for preload_val in $preload_values
+do
+	test_expect_success "setup preloadIndex to $preload_val" '
+		git config core.preloadIndex $preload_val &&
+		if test $preload_val = true
+		then
+			GIT_FORCE_PRELOAD_TEST=$preload_val; export GIT_FORCE_PRELOAD_TEST
+		else
+			unset GIT_FORCE_PRELOAD_TEST
+		fi
+	'
+
+	# test fsmonitor with and without the untracked cache (if available)
+	uc_values="false"
+	test_have_prereq UNTRACKED_CACHE && uc_values="false true"
+	for uc_val in $uc_values
+	do
+		test_expect_success "setup untracked cache to $uc_val" '
+			git config core.untrackedcache $uc_val
+		'
+
+		# Status is well tested elsewhere so we'll just ensure that the results are
+		# the same when using core.fsmonitor.
+		test_expect_success 'compare status with and without fsmonitor' '
+			write_integration_script &&
+			clean_repo &&
+			dirty_repo &&
+			git add new &&
+			git add dir1/new &&
+			git add dir2/new &&
+			git status >actual &&
+			git -c core.fsmonitor= status >expect &&
+			test_i18ncmp expect actual
+		'
+
+		# Make sure it's actually skipping the check for modified and untracked
+		# (if enabled) files unless it is told about them.
+		test_expect_success "status doesn't detect unreported modifications" '
+			write_script .git/hooks/fsmonitor-test<<-\EOF &&
+			:>marker
+			EOF
+			clean_repo &&
+			git status &&
+			test_path_is_file marker &&
+			dirty_repo &&
+			rm -f marker &&
+			git status >actual &&
+			test_path_is_file marker &&
+			test_i18ngrep ! "Changes not staged for commit:" actual &&
+			if test $uc_val = true
+			then
+				test_i18ngrep ! "Untracked files:" actual
+			fi &&
+			if test $uc_val = false
+			then
+				test_i18ngrep "Untracked files:" actual
+			fi &&
+			rm -f marker
+		'
+	done
+done
+
+# test that splitting the index dosn't interfere
+test_expect_success 'splitting the index results in the same state' '
+	write_integration_script &&
+	dirty_repo &&
+	git update-index --fsmonitor  &&
+	git ls-files -f >expect &&
+	test-dump-fsmonitor >&2 && echo &&
+	git update-index --fsmonitor --split-index &&
+	test-dump-fsmonitor >&2 && echo &&
+	git ls-files -f >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success UNTRACKED_CACHE 'ignore .git changes when invalidating UNTR' '
+	test_create_repo dot-git &&
+	(
+		cd dot-git &&
+		mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+		: >tracked &&
+		: >modified &&
+		mkdir dir1 &&
+		: >dir1/tracked &&
+		: >dir1/modified &&
+		mkdir dir2 &&
+		: >dir2/tracked &&
+		: >dir2/modified &&
+		write_integration_script &&
+		git config core.fsmonitor .git/hooks/fsmonitor-test &&
+		git update-index --untracked-cache &&
+		git update-index --fsmonitor &&
+		GIT_TRACE_UNTRACKED_STATS="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace-before" \
+		git status &&
+		test-dump-untracked-cache >../before
+	) &&
+	cat >>dot-git/.git/hooks/fsmonitor-test <<-\EOF &&
+	printf ".git\0"
+	printf ".git/index\0"
+	printf "dir1/.git\0"
+	printf "dir1/.git/index\0"
+	EOF
+	(
+		cd dot-git &&
+		GIT_TRACE_UNTRACKED_STATS="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/trace-after" \
+		git status &&
+		test-dump-untracked-cache >../after
+	) &&
+	grep "directory invalidation" trace-before >>before &&
+	grep "directory invalidation" trace-after >>after &&
+	# UNTR extension unchanged, dir invalidation count unchanged
+	test_cmp before after
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7519/fsmonitor-all b/t/t7519/fsmonitor-all
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..691bc94dc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7519/fsmonitor-all
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# An test hook script to integrate with git to test fsmonitor.
+#
+# The hook is passed a version (currently 1) and a time in nanoseconds
+# formatted as a string and outputs to stdout all files that have been
+# modified since the given time. Paths must be relative to the root of
+# the working tree and separated by a single NUL.
+#
+#echo "$0 $*" >&2
+
+if test "$#" -ne 2
+then
+	echo "$0: exactly 2 arguments expected" >&2
+	exit 2
+fi
+
+if test "$1" != 1
+then
+	echo "Unsupported core.fsmonitor hook version." >&2
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+echo "/"
diff --git a/t/t7519/fsmonitor-none b/t/t7519/fsmonitor-none
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ed9cf5a6a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7519/fsmonitor-none
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# An test hook script to integrate with git to test fsmonitor.
+#
+# The hook is passed a version (currently 1) and a time in nanoseconds
+# formatted as a string and outputs to stdout all files that have been
+# modified since the given time. Paths must be relative to the root of
+# the working tree and separated by a single NUL.
+#
+#echo "$0 $*" >&2
+
+if test "$#" -ne 2
+then
+	echo "$0: exactly 2 arguments expected" >&2
+	exit 2
+fi
+
+if test "$1" != 1
+then
+	echo "Unsupported core.fsmonitor hook version." >&2
+	exit 1
+fi
diff --git a/t/t7519/fsmonitor-watchman b/t/t7519/fsmonitor-watchman
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5514edcf68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7519/fsmonitor-watchman
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use IPC::Open2;
+
+# An example hook script to integrate Watchman
+# (https://facebook.github.io/watchman/) with git to speed up detecting
+# new and modified files.
+#
+# The hook is passed a version (currently 1) and a time in nanoseconds
+# formatted as a string and outputs to stdout all files that have been
+# modified since the given time. Paths must be relative to the root of
+# the working tree and separated by a single NUL.
+#
+# To enable this hook, rename this file to "query-watchman" and set
+# 'git config core.fsmonitor .git/hooks/query-watchman'
+#
+my ($version, $time) = @ARGV;
+#print STDERR "$0 $version $time\n";
+
+# Check the hook interface version
+
+if ($version == 1) {
+	# convert nanoseconds to seconds
+	$time = int $time / 1000000000;
+} else {
+	die "Unsupported query-fsmonitor hook version '$version'.\n" .
+	    "Falling back to scanning...\n";
+}
+
+my $git_work_tree;
+if ($^O =~ 'msys' || $^O =~ 'cygwin') {
+	$git_work_tree = Win32::GetCwd();
+	$git_work_tree =~ tr/\\/\//;
+} else {
+	require Cwd;
+	$git_work_tree = Cwd::cwd();
+}
+
+my $retry = 1;
+
+launch_watchman();
+
+sub launch_watchman {
+
+	my $pid = open2(\*CHLD_OUT, \*CHLD_IN, 'watchman -j')
+	    or die "open2() failed: $!\n" .
+	    "Falling back to scanning...\n";
+
+	# In the query expression below we're asking for names of files that
+	# changed since $time but were not transient (ie created after
+	# $time but no longer exist).
+	#
+	# To accomplish this, we're using the "since" generator to use the
+	# recency index to select candidate nodes and "fields" to limit the
+	# output to file names only. Then we're using the "expression" term to
+	# further constrain the results.
+	#
+	# The category of transient files that we want to ignore will have a
+	# creation clock (cclock) newer than $time_t value and will also not
+	# currently exist.
+
+	my $query = <<"	END";
+		["query", "$git_work_tree", {
+			"since": $time,
+			"fields": ["name"],
+			"expression": ["not", ["allof", ["since", $time, "cclock"], ["not", "exists"]]]
+		}]
+	END
+	
+	open (my $fh, ">", ".git/watchman-query.json");
+	print $fh $query;
+	close $fh;
+
+	print CHLD_IN $query;
+	close CHLD_IN;
+	my $response = do {local $/; <CHLD_OUT>};
+
+	open ($fh, ">", ".git/watchman-response.json");
+	print $fh $response;
+	close $fh;
+
+	die "Watchman: command returned no output.\n" .
+	    "Falling back to scanning...\n" if $response eq "";
+	die "Watchman: command returned invalid output: $response\n" .
+	    "Falling back to scanning...\n" unless $response =~ /^\{/;
+
+	my $json_pkg;
+	eval {
+		require JSON::XS;
+		$json_pkg = "JSON::XS";
+		1;
+	} or do {
+		require JSON::PP;
+		$json_pkg = "JSON::PP";
+	};
+
+	my $o = $json_pkg->new->utf8->decode($response);
+
+	if ($retry > 0 and $o->{error} and $o->{error} =~ m/unable to resolve root .* directory (.*) is not watched/) {
+		print STDERR "Adding '$git_work_tree' to watchman's watch list.\n";
+		$retry--;
+		qx/watchman watch "$git_work_tree"/;
+		die "Failed to make watchman watch '$git_work_tree'.\n" .
+		    "Falling back to scanning...\n" if $? != 0;
+
+		# Watchman will always return all files on the first query so
+		# return the fast "everything is dirty" flag to git and do the
+		# Watchman query just to get it over with now so we won't pay
+		# the cost in git to look up each individual file.
+
+		open ($fh, ">", ".git/watchman-output.out");
+		print "/\0";
+		close $fh;
+
+		print "/\0";
+		eval { launch_watchman() };
+		exit 0;
+	}
+
+	die "Watchman: $o->{error}.\n" .
+	    "Falling back to scanning...\n" if $o->{error};
+
+	open ($fh, ">", ".git/watchman-output.out");
+	binmode $fh, ":utf8";
+	print $fh @{$o->{files}};
+	close $fh;
+
+	binmode STDOUT, ":utf8";
+	local $, = "\0";
+	print @{$o->{files}};
+}
diff --git a/t/t7520-ignored-hook-warning.sh b/t/t7520-ignored-hook-warning.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..634fb7f23a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7520-ignored-hook-warning.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='ignored hook warning'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	hookdir="$(git rev-parse --git-dir)/hooks" &&
+	hook="$hookdir/pre-commit" &&
+	mkdir -p "$hookdir" &&
+	write_script "$hook" <<-\EOF
+	exit 0
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no warning if hook is not ignored' '
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "more" 2>message &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! -e "hook was ignored" message
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'warning if hook is ignored' '
+	chmod -x "$hook" &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "even more" 2>message &&
+	test_i18ngrep -e "hook was ignored" message
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'no warning if advice.ignoredHook set to false' '
+	test_config advice.ignoredHook false &&
+	chmod -x "$hook" &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "even more" 2>message &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! -e "hook was ignored" message
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no warning if unset advice.ignoredHook and hook removed' '
+	rm -f "$hook" &&
+	test_unconfig advice.ignoredHook &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "even more" 2>message &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! -e "hook was ignored" message
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7521-ignored-mode.sh b/t/t7521-ignored-mode.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..91790943c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7521-ignored-mode.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git status ignored modes'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup initial commit and ignore file' '
+	cat >.gitignore <<-\EOF &&
+	*.ign
+	ignored_dir/
+	!*.unignore
+	EOF
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m "Initial commit"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify behavior of status on directories with ignored files' '
+	test_when_finished "git clean -fdx" &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	? expect
+	? output
+	! dir/ignored/ignored_1.ign
+	! dir/ignored/ignored_2.ign
+	! ignored/ignored_1.ign
+	! ignored/ignored_2.ign
+	EOF
+
+	mkdir -p ignored dir/ignored &&
+	touch ignored/ignored_1.ign ignored/ignored_2.ign \
+		dir/ignored/ignored_1.ign dir/ignored/ignored_2.ign &&
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --ignored=matching --untracked-files=all >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify status behavior on directory with tracked & ignored files' '
+	test_when_finished "git clean -fdx && git reset HEAD~1 --hard" &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	? expect
+	? output
+	! dir/tracked_ignored/ignored_1.ign
+	! dir/tracked_ignored/ignored_2.ign
+	! tracked_ignored/ignored_1.ign
+	! tracked_ignored/ignored_2.ign
+	EOF
+
+	mkdir -p tracked_ignored dir/tracked_ignored &&
+	touch tracked_ignored/tracked_1 tracked_ignored/tracked_2 \
+		tracked_ignored/ignored_1.ign tracked_ignored/ignored_2.ign \
+		dir/tracked_ignored/tracked_1 dir/tracked_ignored/tracked_2 \
+		dir/tracked_ignored/ignored_1.ign dir/tracked_ignored/ignored_2.ign &&
+
+	git add tracked_ignored/tracked_1 tracked_ignored/tracked_2 \
+		dir/tracked_ignored/tracked_1 dir/tracked_ignored/tracked_2 &&
+	git commit -m "commit tracked files" &&
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --ignored=matching --untracked-files=all >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify status behavior on directory with untracked and ignored files' '
+	test_when_finished "git clean -fdx" &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	? dir/untracked_ignored/untracked_1
+	? dir/untracked_ignored/untracked_2
+	? expect
+	? output
+	? untracked_ignored/untracked_1
+	? untracked_ignored/untracked_2
+	! dir/untracked_ignored/ignored_1.ign
+	! dir/untracked_ignored/ignored_2.ign
+	! untracked_ignored/ignored_1.ign
+	! untracked_ignored/ignored_2.ign
+	EOF
+
+	mkdir -p untracked_ignored dir/untracked_ignored &&
+	touch untracked_ignored/untracked_1 untracked_ignored/untracked_2 \
+		untracked_ignored/ignored_1.ign untracked_ignored/ignored_2.ign \
+		dir/untracked_ignored/untracked_1 dir/untracked_ignored/untracked_2 \
+		dir/untracked_ignored/ignored_1.ign dir/untracked_ignored/ignored_2.ign &&
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --ignored=matching --untracked-files=all >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify status matching ignored files on ignored directory' '
+	test_when_finished "git clean -fdx" &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	? expect
+	? output
+	! ignored_dir/
+	EOF
+
+	mkdir ignored_dir &&
+	touch ignored_dir/ignored_1 ignored_dir/ignored_2 \
+		ignored_dir/ignored_1.ign ignored_dir/ignored_2.ign &&
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --ignored=matching --untracked-files=all >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify status behavior on ignored directory containing tracked file' '
+	test_when_finished "git clean -fdx && git reset HEAD~1 --hard" &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	? expect
+	? output
+	! ignored_dir/ignored_1
+	! ignored_dir/ignored_1.ign
+	! ignored_dir/ignored_2
+	! ignored_dir/ignored_2.ign
+	EOF
+
+	mkdir ignored_dir &&
+	touch ignored_dir/ignored_1 ignored_dir/ignored_2 \
+		ignored_dir/ignored_1.ign ignored_dir/ignored_2.ign \
+		ignored_dir/tracked &&
+	git add -f ignored_dir/tracked &&
+	git commit -m "Force add file in ignored directory" &&
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --ignored=matching --untracked-files=all >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify matching ignored files with --untracked-files=normal' '
+	test_when_finished "git clean -fdx" &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	? expect
+	? output
+	? untracked_dir/
+	! ignored_dir/
+	! ignored_files/ignored_1.ign
+	! ignored_files/ignored_2.ign
+	EOF
+
+	mkdir ignored_dir ignored_files untracked_dir &&
+	touch ignored_dir/ignored_1 ignored_dir/ignored_2 \
+		ignored_files/ignored_1.ign ignored_files/ignored_2.ign \
+		untracked_dir/untracked &&
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --ignored=matching --untracked-files=normal >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify matching ignored files with --untracked-files=normal' '
+	test_when_finished "git clean -fdx" &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	? expect
+	? output
+	? untracked_dir/
+	! ignored_dir/
+	! ignored_files/ignored_1.ign
+	! ignored_files/ignored_2.ign
+	EOF
+
+	mkdir ignored_dir ignored_files untracked_dir &&
+	touch ignored_dir/ignored_1 ignored_dir/ignored_2 \
+		ignored_files/ignored_1.ign ignored_files/ignored_2.ign \
+		untracked_dir/untracked &&
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --ignored=matching --untracked-files=normal >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify status behavior on ignored directory containing tracked file' '
+	test_when_finished "git clean -fdx && git reset HEAD~1 --hard" &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	? expect
+	? output
+	! ignored_dir/ignored_1
+	! ignored_dir/ignored_1.ign
+	! ignored_dir/ignored_2
+	! ignored_dir/ignored_2.ign
+	EOF
+
+	mkdir ignored_dir &&
+	touch ignored_dir/ignored_1 ignored_dir/ignored_2 \
+		ignored_dir/ignored_1.ign ignored_dir/ignored_2.ign \
+		ignored_dir/tracked &&
+	git add -f ignored_dir/tracked &&
+	git commit -m "Force add file in ignored directory" &&
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --ignored=matching --untracked-files=normal >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify behavior of status with --ignored=no' '
+	test_when_finished "git clean -fdx" &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	? expect
+	? output
+	EOF
+
+	mkdir -p ignored dir/ignored &&
+	touch ignored/ignored_1.ign ignored/ignored_2.ign \
+		dir/ignored/ignored_1.ign dir/ignored/ignored_2.ign &&
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --ignored=no --untracked-files=all >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify behavior of status with --ignored=traditional and --untracked-files=all' '
+	test_when_finished "git clean -fdx" &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	? expect
+	? output
+	! dir/ignored/ignored_1.ign
+	! dir/ignored/ignored_2.ign
+	! ignored/ignored_1.ign
+	! ignored/ignored_2.ign
+	EOF
+
+	mkdir -p ignored dir/ignored &&
+	touch ignored/ignored_1.ign ignored/ignored_2.ign \
+		dir/ignored/ignored_1.ign dir/ignored/ignored_2.ign &&
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --ignored=traditional --untracked-files=all >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify behavior of status with --ignored=traditional and --untracked-files=normal' '
+	test_when_finished "git clean -fdx" &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	? expect
+	? output
+	! dir/
+	! ignored/
+	EOF
+
+	mkdir -p ignored dir/ignored &&
+	touch ignored/ignored_1.ign ignored/ignored_2.ign \
+		dir/ignored/ignored_1.ign dir/ignored/ignored_2.ign &&
+
+	git status --porcelain=v2 --ignored=traditional --untracked-files=normal >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7525-status-rename.sh b/t/t7525-status-rename.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ef8b1b3078
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7525-status-rename.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git status rename detection options'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo 1 >original &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m"Adding original file." &&
+	mv original renamed &&
+	echo 2 >> renamed &&
+	git add . &&
+	cat >.gitignore <<-\EOF
+	.gitignore
+	expect*
+	actual*
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status no-options' '
+	git status >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "renamed:" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status --no-renames' '
+	git status --no-renames >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "deleted:" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "new file:" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status.renames inherits from diff.renames false' '
+	git -c diff.renames=false status >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "deleted:" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "new file:" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status.renames inherits from diff.renames true' '
+	git -c diff.renames=true status >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "renamed:" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status.renames overrides diff.renames false' '
+	git -c diff.renames=true -c status.renames=false status >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "deleted:" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "new file:" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status.renames overrides from diff.renames true' '
+	git -c diff.renames=false -c status.renames=true status >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "renamed:" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status status.renames=false' '
+	git -c status.renames=false status >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "deleted:" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "new file:" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status status.renames=true' '
+	git -c status.renames=true status >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "renamed:" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit honors status.renames=false' '
+	git -c status.renames=false commit --dry-run >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "deleted:" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "new file:" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit honors status.renames=true' '
+	git -c status.renames=true commit --dry-run >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "renamed:" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status config overridden' '
+	git -c status.renames=true status --no-renames >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "deleted:" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "new file:" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status score=100%' '
+	git status -M=100% >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "deleted:" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "new file:" actual &&
+
+	git status --find-rename=100% >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "deleted:" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "new file:" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status score=01%' '
+	git status -M=01% >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "renamed:" actual &&
+
+	git status --find-rename=01% >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "renamed:" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'copies not overridden by find-rename' '
+	cp renamed copy &&
+	git add copy &&
+
+	git -c status.renames=copies status -M=01% >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "copied:" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "renamed:" actual &&
+
+	git -c status.renames=copies status --find-rename=01% >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "copied:" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "renamed:" actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7600-merge.sh b/t/t7600-merge.sh
index 75c50eea15..106148254d 100755
--- a/t/t7600-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t7600-merge.sh
@@ -33,10 +33,11 @@ printf '%s\n' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 >file
 printf '%s\n' '1 X' 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 >file.1
 printf '%s\n' 1 2 3 4 '5 X' 6 7 8 9 >file.5
 printf '%s\n' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 '9 X' >file.9
+printf '%s\n' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 '9 Y' >file.9y
 printf '%s\n' '1 X' 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 >result.1
 printf '%s\n' '1 X' 2 3 4 '5 X' 6 7 8 9 >result.1-5
 printf '%s\n' '1 X' 2 3 4 '5 X' 6 7 8 '9 X' >result.1-5-9
->empty
+printf '%s\n' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 '9 Z' >result.9z
 
 create_merge_msgs () {
 	echo "Merge tag 'c2'" >msg.1-5 &&
@@ -56,8 +57,6 @@ create_merge_msgs () {
 		echo &&
 		git log --no-merges ^HEAD c2 c3
 	} >squash.1-5-9 &&
-	: >msg.nologff &&
-	: >msg.nolognoff &&
 	{
 		echo "* tag 'c3':" &&
 		echo "  commit 3"
@@ -128,6 +127,12 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	git tag c2 &&
 	c2=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	git reset --hard "$c0" &&
+	cp file.9y file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "commit 7" &&
+	git tag c7 &&
+	git reset --hard "$c0" &&
 	cp file.9 file &&
 	git add file &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -146,6 +151,10 @@ test_expect_success 'test option parsing' '
 	test_must_fail git merge -s foobar c1 &&
 	test_must_fail git merge -s=foobar c1 &&
 	test_must_fail git merge -m &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --abort foobar &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --abort --quiet &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --continue foobar &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --continue --quiet &&
 	test_must_fail git merge
 '
 
@@ -218,6 +227,26 @@ test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2' '
 	verify_parents $c1 $c2
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'merge --squash c3 with c7' '
+	git reset --hard c3 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --squash c7 &&
+	cat result.9z >file &&
+	git commit --no-edit -a &&
+
+	{
+		cat <<-EOF
+		Squashed commit of the following:
+
+		$(git show -s c7)
+
+		# Conflicts:
+		#	file
+		EOF
+	} >expect &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e '1,/^$/d' >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_debug 'git log --graph --decorate --oneline --all'
 
 test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 and c3' '
@@ -487,7 +516,7 @@ test_expect_success 'tolerate unknown values for merge.ff' '
 	test_tick &&
 	git merge c1 2>message &&
 	verify_head "$c1" &&
-	test_cmp empty message
+	test_must_be_empty message
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'combining --squash and --no-ff is refused' '
@@ -519,13 +548,13 @@ test_expect_success 'merge log message' '
 	git reset --hard c0 &&
 	git merge --no-log c2 &&
 	git show -s --pretty=format:%b HEAD >msg.act &&
-	test_cmp msg.nologff msg.act &&
+	test_must_be_empty msg.act &&
 
 	git reset --hard c0 &&
 	test_config branch.master.mergeoptions "--no-ff" &&
 	git merge --no-log c2 &&
 	git show -s --pretty=format:%b HEAD >msg.act &&
-	test_cmp msg.nolognoff msg.act &&
+	test_must_be_empty msg.act &&
 
 	git merge --log c3 &&
 	git show -s --pretty=format:%b HEAD >msg.act &&
@@ -665,7 +694,43 @@ test_expect_success 'merge --no-ff --edit' '
 	git cat-file commit HEAD >raw &&
 	grep "work done on the side branch" raw &&
 	sed "1,/^$/d" >actual raw &&
-	test_cmp actual expected
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge annotated/signed tag w/o tracking' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf dst; git tag -d anno1" &&
+	git tag -a -m "anno c1" anno1 c1 &&
+	git init dst &&
+	git rev-parse c1 >dst/expect &&
+	(
+		# c0 fast-forwards to c1 but because this repository
+		# is not a "downstream" whose refs/tags follows along
+		# tag from the "upstream", this pull defaults to --no-ff
+		cd dst &&
+		git pull .. c0 &&
+		git pull .. anno1 &&
+		git rev-parse HEAD^2 >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge annotated/signed tag w/ tracking' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf dst; git tag -d anno1" &&
+	git tag -a -m "anno c1" anno1 c1 &&
+	git init dst &&
+	git rev-parse c1 >dst/expect &&
+	(
+		# c0 fast-forwards to c1 and because this repository
+		# is a "downstream" whose refs/tags follows along
+		# tag from the "upstream", this pull defaults to --ff
+		cd dst &&
+		git remote add origin .. &&
+		git pull origin c0 &&
+		git fetch origin &&
+		git merge anno1 &&
+		git rev-parse HEAD >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success GPG 'merge --ff-only tag' '
@@ -677,7 +742,7 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'merge --ff-only tag' '
 	git merge --ff-only signed &&
 	git rev-parse signed^0 >expect &&
 	git rev-parse HEAD >actual &&
-	test_cmp actual expect
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success GPG 'merge --no-edit tag should skip editor' '
@@ -686,10 +751,75 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'merge --no-edit tag should skip editor' '
 	git tag -f -s -m "A newer commit" signed &&
 	git reset --hard c0 &&
 
-	EDITOR=false git merge --no-edit signed &&
+	EDITOR=false git merge --no-edit --no-ff signed &&
 	git rev-parse signed^0 >expect &&
 	git rev-parse HEAD^2 >actual &&
-	test_cmp actual expect
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up mod-256 conflict scenario' '
+	# 256 near-identical stanzas...
+	for i in $(test_seq 1 256); do
+		for j in 1 2 3 4 5; do
+			echo $i-$j
+		done
+	done >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m base &&
+
+	# one side changes the first line of each to "master"
+	sed s/-1/-master/ <file >tmp &&
+	mv tmp file &&
+	git commit -am master &&
+
+	# and the other to "side"; merging the two will
+	# yield 256 separate conflicts
+	git checkout -b side HEAD^ &&
+	sed s/-1/-side/ <file >tmp &&
+	mv tmp file &&
+	git commit -am side
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge detects mod-256 conflicts (recursive)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge detects mod-256 conflicts (resolve)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_must_fail git merge -s resolve master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge nothing into void' '
+	git init void &&
+	(
+		cd void &&
+		git remote add up .. &&
+		git fetch up &&
+		test_must_fail git merge FETCH_HEAD
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge can be completed with --continue' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	git merge --no-ff --no-commit c1 &&
+	git merge --continue &&
+	verify_parents $c0 $c1
+'
+
+write_script .git/FAKE_EDITOR <<EOF
+# kill -TERM command added below.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success EXECKEEPSPID 'killed merge can be completed with --continue' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	! "$SHELL_PATH" -c '\''
+	  echo kill -TERM $$ >> .git/FAKE_EDITOR
+	  GIT_EDITOR=.git/FAKE_EDITOR
+	  export GIT_EDITOR
+	  exec git merge --no-ff --edit c1'\'' &&
+	git merge --continue &&
+	verify_parents $c0 $c1
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7601-merge-pull-config.sh b/t/t7601-merge-pull-config.sh
index f768c900ab..c6c44ec570 100755
--- a/t/t7601-merge-pull-config.sh
+++ b/t/t7601-merge-pull-config.sh
@@ -45,6 +45,14 @@ test_expect_success 'fast-forward pull succeeds with "true" in pull.ff' '
 	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$(git rev-parse c1)"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'pull.ff=true overrides merge.ff=false' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	test_config merge.ff false &&
+	test_config pull.ff true &&
+	git pull . c1 &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$(git rev-parse c1)"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'fast-forward pull creates merge with "false" in pull.ff' '
 	git reset --hard c0 &&
 	test_config pull.ff false &&
diff --git a/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh b/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh
index 955f09f8e8..6abe441ae3 100755
--- a/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh
+++ b/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 		git add c$i.c &&
 		git commit -m c$i &&
 		git tag c$i &&
-		i=`expr $i + 1` || return 1
+		i=$(expr $i + 1) || return 1
 	done
 '
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2, c3, c4, ... c29' '
 	while test $i -le 30
 	do
 		refs="$refs c$i"
-		i=`expr $i + 1`
+		i=$(expr $i + 1)
 	done &&
 	git merge $refs &&
 	test "$(git rev-parse c1)" != "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
@@ -38,14 +38,14 @@ test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2, c3, c4, ... c29' '
 	while test $i -le 30
 	do
 		test "$(git rev-parse c$i)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^$i)" &&
-		i=`expr $i + 1` || return 1
+		i=$(expr $i + 1) || return 1
 	done &&
 	git diff --exit-code &&
 	i=1 &&
 	while test $i -le 30
 	do
 		test -f c$i.c &&
-		i=`expr $i + 1` || return 1
+		i=$(expr $i + 1) || return 1
 	done
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t7605-merge-resolve.sh b/t/t7605-merge-resolve.sh
index 0cb9d11f21..5d56c38546 100755
--- a/t/t7605-merge-resolve.sh
+++ b/t/t7605-merge-resolve.sh
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	git tag c3
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'merge c1 to c2' '
+merge_c1_to_c2_cmds='
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
 	git merge -s resolve c2 &&
 	test "$(git rev-parse c1)" != "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
@@ -41,6 +41,10 @@ test_expect_success 'merge c1 to c2' '
 	test 3 = $(git ls-files | wc -l)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 to c2'        "$merge_c1_to_c2_cmds"
+
+test_expect_success 'merge c1 to c2, again' "$merge_c1_to_c2_cmds"
+
 test_expect_success 'merge c2 to c3 (fails)' '
 	git reset --hard c2 &&
 	test_must_fail git merge -s resolve c3
diff --git a/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh b/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh
index 758a623cdb..dd8ab7ede1 100755
--- a/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh
+++ b/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh
@@ -92,12 +92,15 @@ test_expect_success 'will not overwrite removed file with staged changes' '
 	test_cmp important c1.c
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'will not overwrite unstaged changes in renamed file' '
+test_expect_success 'will not overwrite unstaged changes in renamed file' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
 	git mv c1.c other.c &&
 	git commit -m rename &&
 	cp important other.c &&
-	git merge c1a &&
+	test_must_fail git merge c1a >out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Refusing to lose dirty file at other.c" out &&
+	test_path_is_file other.c~HEAD &&
+	test $(git hash-object other.c~HEAD) = $(git rev-parse c1a:c1.c) &&
 	test_cmp important other.c
 '
 
@@ -115,7 +118,7 @@ cat >expect <<\EOF
 error: The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:
 	sub
 	sub2
-Please move or remove them before you can merge.
+Please move or remove them before you merge.
 Aborting
 EOF
 
@@ -125,7 +128,7 @@ test_expect_success 'will not overwrite untracked file in leading path' '
 	cp important sub &&
 	cp important sub2 &&
 	test_must_fail git merge sub 2>out &&
-	test_cmp out expect &&
+	test_i18ncmp out expect &&
 	test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
 	test_cmp important sub &&
 	test_cmp important sub2 &&
diff --git a/t/t7609-merge-co-error-msgs.sh b/t/t7609-merge-co-error-msgs.sh
index 0e4a682c64..e90413204e 100755
--- a/t/t7609-merge-co-error-msgs.sh
+++ b/t/t7609-merge-co-error-msgs.sh
@@ -31,20 +31,20 @@ error: The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:
 	four
 	three
 	two
-Please move or remove them before you can merge.
+Please move or remove them before you merge.
 Aborting
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'untracked files overwritten by merge (fast and non-fast forward)' '
 	test_must_fail git merge branch 2>out &&
-	test_cmp out expect &&
+	test_i18ncmp out expect &&
 	git commit --allow-empty -m empty &&
 	(
 		GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=0 &&
 		export GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY &&
 		test_must_fail git merge branch 2>out2
 	) &&
-	test_cmp out2 expect &&
+	test_i18ncmp out2 expect &&
 	git reset --hard HEAD^
 '
 
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:
 	four
 	three
 	two
-Please, commit your changes or stash them before you can merge.
+Please commit your changes or stash them before you merge.
 error: The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:
 	five
-Please move or remove them before you can merge.
+Please move or remove them before you merge.
 Aborting
 EOF
 
@@ -65,14 +65,14 @@ test_expect_success 'untracked files or local changes ovewritten by merge' '
 	git add three &&
 	git add four &&
 	test_must_fail git merge branch 2>out &&
-	test_cmp out expect
+	test_i18ncmp out expect
 '
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
 error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:
 	rep/one
 	rep/two
-Please, commit your changes or stash them before you can switch branches.
+Please commit your changes or stash them before you switch branches.
 Aborting
 EOF
 
@@ -87,25 +87,25 @@ test_expect_success 'cannot switch branches because of local changes' '
 	echo uno >rep/one &&
 	echo dos >rep/two &&
 	test_must_fail git checkout branch 2>out &&
-	test_cmp out expect
+	test_i18ncmp out expect
 '
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
 error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:
 	rep/one
 	rep/two
-Please, commit your changes or stash them before you can switch branches.
+Please commit your changes or stash them before you switch branches.
 Aborting
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'not uptodate file porcelain checkout error' '
 	git add rep/one rep/two &&
 	test_must_fail git checkout branch 2>out &&
-	test_cmp out expect
+	test_i18ncmp out expect
 '
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
-error: Updating the following directories would lose untracked files in it:
+error: Updating the following directories would lose untracked files in them:
 	rep
 	rep2
 
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ test_expect_success 'not_uptodate_dir porcelain checkout error' '
 	>rep/untracked-file &&
 	>rep2/untracked-file &&
 	test_must_fail git checkout branch 2>out &&
-	test_cmp out ../expect
+	test_i18ncmp out ../expect
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7610-mergetool.sh b/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
index 7eeb207b32..a9fb971615 100755
--- a/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
+++ b/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
@@ -55,6 +55,22 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	git rm file12 &&
 	git commit -m "branch1 changes" &&
 
+	git checkout -b delete-base branch1 &&
+	mkdir -p a/a &&
+	test_write_lines one two 3 4 >a/a/file.txt &&
+	git add a/a/file.txt &&
+	git commit -m"base file" &&
+	git checkout -b move-to-b delete-base &&
+	mkdir -p b/b &&
+	git mv a/a/file.txt b/b/file.txt &&
+	test_write_lines one two 4 >b/b/file.txt &&
+	git commit -a -m"move to b" &&
+	git checkout -b move-to-c delete-base &&
+	mkdir -p c/c &&
+	git mv a/a/file.txt c/c/file.txt &&
+	test_write_lines one two 3 >c/c/file.txt &&
+	git commit -a -m"move to c" &&
+
 	git checkout -b stash1 master &&
 	echo stash1 change file11 >file11 &&
 	git add file11 &&
@@ -86,6 +102,23 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	git rm file11 &&
 	git commit -m "master updates" &&
 
+	git clean -fdx &&
+	git checkout -b order-file-start master &&
+	echo start >a &&
+	echo start >b &&
+	git add a b &&
+	git commit -m start &&
+	git checkout -b order-file-side1 order-file-start &&
+	echo side1 >a &&
+	echo side1 >b &&
+	git add a b &&
+	git commit -m side1 &&
+	git checkout -b order-file-side2 order-file-start &&
+	echo side2 >a &&
+	echo side2 >b &&
+	git add a b &&
+	git commit -m side2 &&
+
 	git config merge.tool mytool &&
 	git config mergetool.mytool.cmd "cat \"\$REMOTE\" >\"\$MERGED\"" &&
 	git config mergetool.mytool.trustExitCode true &&
@@ -94,7 +127,8 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'custom mergetool' '
-	git checkout -b test1 branch1 &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count branch1 &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool both >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
@@ -112,8 +146,13 @@ test_expect_success 'custom mergetool' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'mergetool crlf' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	# This test_config line must go after the above reset line so that
+	# core.autocrlf is unconfigured before reset runs.  (The
+	# test_config command uses test_when_finished internally and
+	# test_when_finished is LIFO.)
 	test_config core.autocrlf true &&
-	git checkout -b test2 branch1 &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count branch1 &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool file1 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool file2 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
@@ -128,13 +167,12 @@ test_expect_success 'mergetool crlf' '
 	test "$(printf x | cat subdir/file3 -)" = "$(printf "master new sub\r\nx")" &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
 	test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "master submodule" &&
-	git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool - autocrlf" &&
-	test_config core.autocrlf false &&
-	git reset --hard
+	git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool - autocrlf"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'mergetool in subdir' '
-	git checkout -b test3 branch1 &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count branch1 &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
 	(
 		cd subdir &&
@@ -145,8 +183,13 @@ test_expect_success 'mergetool in subdir' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'mergetool on file in parent dir' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count branch1 &&
+	git submodule update -N &&
 	(
 		cd subdir &&
+		test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+		( yes "" | git mergetool file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 		( yes "" | git mergetool ../file1 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 		( yes "" | git mergetool ../file2 ../spaced\ name >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 		( yes "" | git mergetool ../both >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
@@ -161,7 +204,8 @@ test_expect_success 'mergetool on file in parent dir' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'mergetool skips autoresolved' '
-	git checkout -b test4 branch1 &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count branch1 &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master &&
 	test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
@@ -169,14 +213,34 @@ test_expect_success 'mergetool skips autoresolved' '
 	( yes "d" | git mergetool file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 	( yes "l" | git mergetool submod >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 	output="$(git mergetool --no-prompt)" &&
-	test "$output" = "No files need merging" &&
-	git reset --hard
+	test "$output" = "No files need merging"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mergetool merges all from subdir (rerere disabled)' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count branch1 &&
+	test_config rerere.enabled false &&
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		test_must_fail git merge master &&
+		( yes "r" | git mergetool ../submod ) &&
+		( yes "d" "d" | git mergetool --no-prompt ) &&
+		test "$(cat ../file1)" = "master updated" &&
+		test "$(cat ../file2)" = "master new" &&
+		test "$(cat file3)" = "master new sub" &&
+		( cd .. && git submodule update -N ) &&
+		test "$(cat ../submod/bar)" = "master submodule" &&
+		git commit -m "branch2 resolved by mergetool from subdir"
+	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'mergetool merges all from subdir' '
+test_expect_success 'mergetool merges all from subdir (rerere enabled)' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count branch1 &&
+	test_config rerere.enabled true &&
+	rm -rf .git/rr-cache &&
 	(
 		cd subdir &&
-		test_config rerere.enabled false &&
 		test_must_fail git merge master &&
 		( yes "r" | git mergetool ../submod ) &&
 		( yes "d" "d" | git mergetool --no-prompt ) &&
@@ -190,20 +254,21 @@ test_expect_success 'mergetool merges all from subdir' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'mergetool skips resolved paths when rerere is active' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
 	test_config rerere.enabled true &&
 	rm -rf .git/rr-cache &&
-	git checkout -b test5 branch1 &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count branch1 &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
 	( yes "l" | git mergetool --no-prompt submod >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 	( yes "d" "d" | git mergetool --no-prompt >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
 	output="$(yes "n" | git mergetool --no-prompt)" &&
-	test "$output" = "No files need merging" &&
-	git reset --hard
+	test "$output" = "No files need merging"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'conflicted stash sets up rerere'  '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
 	test_config rerere.enabled true &&
 	git checkout stash1 &&
 	echo "Conflicting stash content" >file11 &&
@@ -231,25 +296,77 @@ test_expect_success 'conflicted stash sets up rerere'  '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'mergetool takes partial path' '
-	git reset --hard &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
 	test_config rerere.enabled false &&
-	git checkout -b test12 branch1 &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count branch1 &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master &&
 
 	( yes "" | git mergetool subdir ) &&
 
-	test "$(cat subdir/file3)" = "master new sub" &&
-	git reset --hard
+	test "$(cat subdir/file3)" = "master new sub"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mergetool delete/delete conflict' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count move-to-c &&
+	test_must_fail git merge move-to-b &&
+	echo d | git mergetool a/a/file.txt &&
+	! test -f a/a/file.txt &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_must_fail git merge move-to-b &&
+	echo m | git mergetool a/a/file.txt &&
+	test -f b/b/file.txt &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_must_fail git merge move-to-b &&
+	! echo a | git mergetool a/a/file.txt &&
+	! test -f a/a/file.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mergetool produces no errors when keepBackup is used' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count move-to-c &&
+	test_config mergetool.keepBackup true &&
+	test_must_fail git merge move-to-b &&
+	echo d | git mergetool a/a/file.txt 2>actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
+	! test -d a
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mergetool honors tempfile config for deleted files' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count move-to-c &&
+	test_config mergetool.keepTemporaries false &&
+	test_must_fail git merge move-to-b &&
+	echo d | git mergetool a/a/file.txt &&
+	! test -d a
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mergetool keeps tempfiles when aborting delete/delete' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	test_when_finished "git clean -fdx" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count move-to-c &&
+	test_config mergetool.keepTemporaries true &&
+	test_must_fail git merge move-to-b &&
+	! test_write_lines a n | git mergetool a/a/file.txt &&
+	test -d a/a &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	file_BASE_.txt
+	file_LOCAL_.txt
+	file_REMOTE_.txt
+	EOF
+	ls -1 a/a | sed -e "s/[0-9]*//g" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'deleted vs modified submodule' '
-	git checkout -b test6 branch1 &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count branch1 &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
 	mv submod submod-movedaside &&
 	git rm --cached submod &&
 	git commit -m "Submodule deleted from branch" &&
-	git checkout -b test6.a test6 &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count.a test$test_count &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master &&
 	test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 spaced\ name subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
@@ -265,7 +382,7 @@ test_expect_success 'deleted vs modified submodule' '
 	git commit -m "Merge resolved by keeping module" &&
 
 	mv submod submod-movedaside &&
-	git checkout -b test6.b test6 &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count.b test$test_count &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master &&
 	test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
@@ -279,9 +396,9 @@ test_expect_success 'deleted vs modified submodule' '
 	git commit -m "Merge resolved by deleting module" &&
 
 	mv submod-movedaside submod &&
-	git checkout -b test6.c master &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count.c master &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
-	test_must_fail git merge test6 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge test$test_count &&
 	test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 spaced\ name subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool both >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
@@ -295,9 +412,9 @@ test_expect_success 'deleted vs modified submodule' '
 	git commit -m "Merge resolved by deleting module" &&
 	mv submod.orig submod &&
 
-	git checkout -b test6.d master &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count.d master &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
-	test_must_fail git merge test6 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge test$test_count &&
 	test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 spaced\ name subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool both >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
@@ -308,19 +425,19 @@ test_expect_success 'deleted vs modified submodule' '
 	test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "master submodule" &&
 	output="$(git mergetool --no-prompt)" &&
 	test "$output" = "No files need merging" &&
-	git commit -m "Merge resolved by keeping module" &&
-	git reset --hard HEAD
+	git commit -m "Merge resolved by keeping module"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'file vs modified submodule' '
-	git checkout -b test7 branch1 &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count branch1 &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
 	mv submod submod-movedaside &&
 	git rm --cached submod &&
 	echo not a submodule >submod &&
 	git add submod &&
 	git commit -m "Submodule path becomes file" &&
-	git checkout -b test7.a branch1 &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count.a branch1 &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master &&
 	test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 spaced\ name subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
@@ -336,7 +453,7 @@ test_expect_success 'file vs modified submodule' '
 	git commit -m "Merge resolved by keeping module" &&
 
 	mv submod submod-movedaside &&
-	git checkout -b test7.b test7 &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count.b test$test_count &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master &&
 	test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 spaced\ name subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
@@ -349,11 +466,11 @@ test_expect_success 'file vs modified submodule' '
 	test "$output" = "No files need merging" &&
 	git commit -m "Merge resolved by keeping file" &&
 
-	git checkout -b test7.c master &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count.c master &&
 	rmdir submod && mv submod-movedaside submod &&
 	test ! -e submod.orig &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
-	test_must_fail git merge test7 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge test$test_count &&
 	test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 spaced\ name subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool both >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
@@ -366,10 +483,10 @@ test_expect_success 'file vs modified submodule' '
 	test "$output" = "No files need merging" &&
 	git commit -m "Merge resolved by keeping file" &&
 
-	git checkout -b test7.d master &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count.d master &&
 	rmdir submod && mv submod.orig submod &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
-	test_must_fail git merge test7 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge test$test_count &&
 	test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 spaced\ name subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool both>/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
@@ -384,7 +501,8 @@ test_expect_success 'file vs modified submodule' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule in subdirectory' '
-	git checkout -b test10 branch1 &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count branch1 &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
 	(
 		cd subdir &&
@@ -396,56 +514,57 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule in subdirectory' '
 		git commit -m "add initial versions"
 		)
 	) &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf subdir/subdir_module" &&
 	git submodule add git://example.com/subsubmodule subdir/subdir_module &&
 	git add subdir/subdir_module &&
 	git commit -m "add submodule in subdirectory" &&
 
-	git checkout -b test10.a test10 &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count.a test$test_count &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
 	(
 	cd subdir/subdir_module &&
 		git checkout -b super10.a &&
-		echo test10.a >file15 &&
+		echo test$test_count.a >file15 &&
 		git add file15 &&
 		git commit -m "on branch 10.a"
 	) &&
 	git add subdir/subdir_module &&
-	git commit -m "change submodule in subdirectory on test10.a" &&
+	git commit -m "change submodule in subdirectory on test$test_count.a" &&
 
-	git checkout -b test10.b test10 &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count.b test$test_count &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
 	(
 		cd subdir/subdir_module &&
 		git checkout -b super10.b &&
-		echo test10.b >file15 &&
+		echo test$test_count.b >file15 &&
 		git add file15 &&
 		git commit -m "on branch 10.b"
 	) &&
 	git add subdir/subdir_module &&
-	git commit -m "change submodule in subdirectory on test10.b" &&
+	git commit -m "change submodule in subdirectory on test$test_count.b" &&
 
-	test_must_fail git merge test10.a >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge test$test_count.a >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
 	(
 		cd subdir &&
 		( yes "l" | git mergetool subdir_module )
 	) &&
-	test "$(cat subdir/subdir_module/file15)" = "test10.b" &&
+	test "$(cat subdir/subdir_module/file15)" = "test$test_count.b" &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
-	test "$(cat subdir/subdir_module/file15)" = "test10.b" &&
+	test "$(cat subdir/subdir_module/file15)" = "test$test_count.b" &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
 
-	test_must_fail git merge test10.a >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge test$test_count.a >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
 	( yes "r" | git mergetool subdir/subdir_module ) &&
-	test "$(cat subdir/subdir_module/file15)" = "test10.b" &&
+	test "$(cat subdir/subdir_module/file15)" = "test$test_count.b" &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
-	test "$(cat subdir/subdir_module/file15)" = "test10.a" &&
-	git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool" &&
-	rm -rf subdir/subdir_module
+	test "$(cat subdir/subdir_module/file15)" = "test$test_count.a" &&
+	git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'directory vs modified submodule' '
-	git checkout -b test11 branch1 &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count branch1 &&
 	mv submod submod-movedaside &&
 	git rm --cached submod &&
 	mkdir submod &&
@@ -459,7 +578,7 @@ test_expect_success 'directory vs modified submodule' '
 	test "$(cat submod/file16)" = "not a submodule" &&
 	rm -rf submod.orig &&
 
-	git reset --hard >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master &&
 	test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
 	test ! -e submod.orig &&
@@ -471,70 +590,130 @@ test_expect_success 'directory vs modified submodule' '
 	( cd submod && git clean -f && git reset --hard ) &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
 	test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "master submodule" &&
-	git reset --hard >/dev/null 2>&1 && rm -rf submod-movedaside &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	rm -rf submod-movedaside &&
 
-	git checkout -b test11.c master &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count.c master &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
-	test_must_fail git merge test11 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge test$test_count &&
 	test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
 	( yes "l" | git mergetool submod ) &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
 	test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "master submodule" &&
 
-	git reset --hard >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
 	git submodule update -N &&
-	test_must_fail git merge test11 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge test$test_count &&
 	test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
 	test ! -e submod.orig &&
 	( yes "r" | git mergetool submod ) &&
 	test "$(cat submod/file16)" = "not a submodule" &&
 
-	git reset --hard master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+	git reset --hard master &&
 	( cd submod && git clean -f && git reset --hard ) &&
 	git submodule update -N
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'file with no base' '
-	git checkout -b test13 branch1 &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count branch1 &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master &&
 	git mergetool --no-prompt --tool mybase -- both &&
-	>expected &&
-	test_cmp both expected &&
-	git reset --hard master >/dev/null 2>&1
+	test_must_be_empty both
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'custom commands override built-ins' '
-	git checkout -b test14 branch1 &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count branch1 &&
 	test_config mergetool.defaults.cmd "cat \"\$REMOTE\" >\"\$MERGED\"" &&
 	test_config mergetool.defaults.trustExitCode true &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master &&
 	git mergetool --no-prompt --tool defaults -- both &&
 	echo master both added >expected &&
-	test_cmp both expected &&
-	git reset --hard master >/dev/null 2>&1
+	test_cmp expected both
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'filenames seen by tools start with ./' '
-	git checkout -b test15 branch1 &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count branch1 &&
 	test_config mergetool.writeToTemp false &&
 	test_config mergetool.myecho.cmd "echo \"\$LOCAL\"" &&
 	test_config mergetool.myecho.trustExitCode true &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master &&
 	git mergetool --no-prompt --tool myecho -- both >actual &&
-	grep ^\./both_LOCAL_ actual >/dev/null &&
-	git reset --hard master >/dev/null 2>&1
+	grep ^\./both_LOCAL_ actual >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_lazy_prereq MKTEMP '
+	tempdir=$(mktemp -d -t foo.XXXXXX) &&
+	test -d "$tempdir" &&
+	rmdir "$tempdir"
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'temporary filenames are used with mergetool.writeToTemp' '
-	git checkout -b test16 branch1 &&
+test_expect_success MKTEMP 'temporary filenames are used with mergetool.writeToTemp' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count branch1 &&
 	test_config mergetool.writeToTemp true &&
 	test_config mergetool.myecho.cmd "echo \"\$LOCAL\"" &&
 	test_config mergetool.myecho.trustExitCode true &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master &&
 	git mergetool --no-prompt --tool myecho -- both >actual &&
-	test_must_fail grep ^\./both_LOCAL_ actual >/dev/null &&
-	grep /both_LOCAL_ actual >/dev/null &&
-	git reset --hard master >/dev/null 2>&1
+	! grep ^\./both_LOCAL_ actual >/dev/null &&
+	grep /both_LOCAL_ actual >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff.orderFile configuration is honored' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count order-file-side2 &&
+	test_config diff.orderFile order-file &&
+	test_config mergetool.myecho.cmd "echo \"\$LOCAL\"" &&
+	test_config mergetool.myecho.trustExitCode true &&
+	echo b >order-file &&
+	echo a >>order-file &&
+	test_must_fail git merge order-file-side1 &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		Merging:
+		b
+		a
+	EOF
+
+	# make sure "order-file" that is ambiguous between
+	# rev and path is understood correctly.
+	git branch order-file HEAD &&
+
+	git mergetool --no-prompt --tool myecho >output &&
+	git grep --no-index -h -A2 Merging: output >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+test_expect_success 'mergetool -Oorder-file is honored' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git checkout -b test$test_count order-file-side2 &&
+	test_config diff.orderFile order-file &&
+	test_config mergetool.myecho.cmd "echo \"\$LOCAL\"" &&
+	test_config mergetool.myecho.trustExitCode true &&
+	echo b >order-file &&
+	echo a >>order-file &&
+	test_must_fail git merge order-file-side1 &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		Merging:
+		a
+		b
+	EOF
+	git mergetool -O/dev/null --no-prompt --tool myecho >output &&
+	git grep --no-index -h -A2 Merging: output >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	git config --unset diff.orderFile &&
+	test_must_fail git merge order-file-side1 &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		Merging:
+		b
+		a
+	EOF
+	git mergetool -Oorder-file --no-prompt --tool myecho >output &&
+	git grep --no-index -h -A2 Merging: output >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7611-merge-abort.sh b/t/t7611-merge-abort.sh
index 7b4798e8e4..7c84a518aa 100755
--- a/t/t7611-merge-abort.sh
+++ b/t/t7611-merge-abort.sh
@@ -187,31 +187,6 @@ test_expect_success 'Fail clean merge with matching dirty worktree' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'Abort clean merge with matching dirty index' '
-	git add bar &&
-	git diff --staged > expect &&
-	git merge --no-commit clean_branch &&
-	test -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
-	### When aborting the merge, git will discard all staged changes,
-	### including those that were staged pre-merge. In other words,
-	### --abort will LOSE any staged changes (the staged changes that
-	### are lost must match the merge result, or the merge would not
-	### have been allowed to start). Change expectations accordingly:
-	rm expect &&
-	touch expect &&
-	# Abort merge
-	git merge --abort &&
-	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
-	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
-	git diff --staged > actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
-	test -z "$(git diff)"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Reset worktree changes' '
-	git reset --hard "$pre_merge_head"
-'
-
 test_expect_success 'Fail conflicting merge with matching dirty worktree' '
 	echo barf > bar &&
 	git diff > expect &&
@@ -223,97 +198,4 @@ test_expect_success 'Fail conflicting merge with matching dirty worktree' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'Abort conflicting merge with matching dirty index' '
-	git add bar &&
-	git diff --staged > expect &&
-	test_must_fail git merge conflict_branch &&
-	test -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
-	### When aborting the merge, git will discard all staged changes,
-	### including those that were staged pre-merge. In other words,
-	### --abort will LOSE any staged changes (the staged changes that
-	### are lost must match the merge result, or the merge would not
-	### have been allowed to start). Change expectations accordingly:
-	rm expect &&
-	touch expect &&
-	# Abort merge
-	git merge --abort &&
-	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
-	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
-	git diff --staged > actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
-	test -z "$(git diff)"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Reset worktree changes' '
-	git reset --hard "$pre_merge_head"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Abort merge with pre- and post-merge worktree changes' '
-	# Pre-merge worktree changes
-	echo xyzzy > foo &&
-	echo barf > bar &&
-	git add bar &&
-	git diff > expect &&
-	git diff --staged > expect-staged &&
-	# Perform merge
-	test_must_fail git merge conflict_branch &&
-	test -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
-	# Post-merge worktree changes
-	echo yzxxz > foo &&
-	echo blech > baz &&
-	### When aborting the merge, git will discard staged changes (bar)
-	### and unmerged changes (baz). Other changes that are neither
-	### staged nor marked as unmerged (foo), will be preserved. For
-	### these changed, git cannot tell pre-merge changes apart from
-	### post-merge changes, so the post-merge changes will be
-	### preserved. Change expectations accordingly:
-	git diff -- foo > expect &&
-	rm expect-staged &&
-	touch expect-staged &&
-	# Abort merge
-	git merge --abort &&
-	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
-	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
-	git diff > actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
-	git diff --staged > actual-staged &&
-	test_cmp expect-staged actual-staged
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Reset worktree changes' '
-	git reset --hard "$pre_merge_head"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'Abort merge with pre- and post-merge index changes' '
-	# Pre-merge worktree changes
-	echo xyzzy > foo &&
-	echo barf > bar &&
-	git add bar &&
-	git diff > expect &&
-	git diff --staged > expect-staged &&
-	# Perform merge
-	test_must_fail git merge conflict_branch &&
-	test -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
-	# Post-merge worktree changes
-	echo yzxxz > foo &&
-	echo blech > baz &&
-	git add foo bar &&
-	### When aborting the merge, git will discard all staged changes
-	### (foo, bar and baz), and no changes will be preserved. Whether
-	### the changes were staged pre- or post-merge does not matter
-	### (except for not preventing starting the merge).
-	### Change expectations accordingly:
-	rm expect expect-staged &&
-	touch expect &&
-	touch expect-staged &&
-	# Abort merge
-	git merge --abort &&
-	test ! -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
-	test "$pre_merge_head" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
-	git diff > actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual &&
-	git diff --staged > actual-staged &&
-	test_cmp expect-staged actual-staged
-'
-
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7612-merge-verify-signatures.sh b/t/t7612-merge-verify-signatures.sh
index 8ae69a61c3..e2b1df817a 100755
--- a/t/t7612-merge-verify-signatures.sh
+++ b/t/t7612-merge-verify-signatures.sh
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'create signed commits' '
 	echo 3 >bar && git add bar &&
 	test_tick && git commit -S -m "bad on side" &&
 	git cat-file commit side-bad >raw &&
-	sed -e "s/bad/forged bad/" raw >forged &&
+	sed -e "s/^bad/forged bad/" raw >forged &&
 	git hash-object -w -t commit forged >forged.commit &&
 	git checkout initial &&
 
@@ -35,27 +35,72 @@ test_expect_success GPG 'create signed commits' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success GPG 'merge unsigned commit with verification' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
 	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only --verify-signatures side-unsigned 2>mergeerror &&
 	test_i18ngrep "does not have a GPG signature" mergeerror
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge unsigned commit with merge.verifySignatures=true' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_config merge.verifySignatures true &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only side-unsigned 2>mergeerror &&
+	test_i18ngrep "does not have a GPG signature" mergeerror
+'
+
 test_expect_success GPG 'merge commit with bad signature with verification' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
 	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only --verify-signatures $(cat forged.commit) 2>mergeerror &&
 	test_i18ngrep "has a bad GPG signature" mergeerror
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge commit with bad signature with merge.verifySignatures=true' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_config merge.verifySignatures true &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only $(cat forged.commit) 2>mergeerror &&
+	test_i18ngrep "has a bad GPG signature" mergeerror
+'
+
 test_expect_success GPG 'merge commit with untrusted signature with verification' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
 	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only --verify-signatures side-untrusted 2>mergeerror &&
 	test_i18ngrep "has an untrusted GPG signature" mergeerror
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge commit with untrusted signature with merge.verifySignatures=true' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_config merge.verifySignatures true &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only side-untrusted 2>mergeerror &&
+	test_i18ngrep "has an untrusted GPG signature" mergeerror
+'
+
 test_expect_success GPG 'merge signed commit with verification' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
 	git merge --verbose --ff-only --verify-signatures side-signed >mergeoutput &&
 	test_i18ngrep "has a good GPG signature" mergeoutput
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge signed commit with merge.verifySignatures=true' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_config merge.verifySignatures true &&
+	git merge --verbose --ff-only side-signed >mergeoutput &&
+	test_i18ngrep "has a good GPG signature" mergeoutput
+'
+
 test_expect_success GPG 'merge commit with bad signature without verification' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	git merge $(cat forged.commit)
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge commit with bad signature with merge.verifySignatures=false' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_config merge.verifySignatures false &&
 	git merge $(cat forged.commit)
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge commit with bad signature with merge.verifySignatures=true and --no-verify-signatures' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout initial" &&
+	test_config merge.verifySignatures true &&
+	git merge --no-verify-signatures $(cat forged.commit)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7614-merge-signoff.sh b/t/t7614-merge-signoff.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c1b8446f49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7614-merge-signoff.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git merge --signoff
+
+This test runs git merge --signoff and makes sure that it works.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Setup test files
+test_setup() {
+	# Expected commit message after merge --signoff
+	cat >expected-signed <<EOF &&
+Merge branch 'master' into other-branch
+
+Signed-off-by: $(git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT | sed -e "s/>.*/>/")
+EOF
+
+	# Expected commit message after merge without --signoff (or with --no-signoff)
+	cat >expected-unsigned <<EOF &&
+Merge branch 'master' into other-branch
+EOF
+
+	# Initial commit and feature branch to merge master into it.
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "Initial empty commit" &&
+	git checkout -b other-branch &&
+	test_commit other-branch file1 1
+}
+
+# Setup repository, files & feature branch
+# This step must be run if You want to test 2,3 or 4
+# Order of 2,3,4 is not important, but 1 must be run before
+# For example `-r 1,4` or `-r 1,4,2 -v` etc
+# But not `-r 2` or `-r 4,3,2,1`
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_setup
+'
+
+# Test with --signoff flag
+test_expect_success 'git merge --signoff adds a sign-off line' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_commit master-branch-2 file2 2 &&
+	git checkout other-branch &&
+	git merge master --signoff --no-edit &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected-signed actual
+'
+
+# Test without --signoff flag
+test_expect_success 'git merge does not add a sign-off line' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_commit master-branch-3 file3 3 &&
+	git checkout other-branch &&
+	git merge master --no-edit &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected-unsigned actual
+'
+
+# Test for --no-signoff flag
+test_expect_success 'git merge --no-signoff flag cancels --signoff flag' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_commit master-branch-4 file4 4 &&
+	git checkout other-branch &&
+	git merge master --no-edit --signoff --no-signoff &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected-unsigned actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7700-repack.sh b/t/t7700-repack.sh
index 021c5479bd..6162e2a8e6 100755
--- a/t/t7700-repack.sh
+++ b/t/t7700-repack.sh
@@ -4,6 +4,12 @@ test_description='git repack works correctly'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+commit_and_pack() {
+	test_commit "$@" >/dev/null &&
+	SHA1=$(git pack-objects --all --unpacked --incremental .git/objects/pack/pack </dev/null) &&
+	echo pack-${SHA1}.pack
+}
+
 test_expect_success 'objects in packs marked .keep are not repacked' '
 	echo content1 > file1 &&
 	echo content2 > file2 &&
@@ -69,7 +75,7 @@ test_expect_success 'writing bitmaps via config can duplicate .keep objects' '
 
 test_expect_success 'loose objects in alternate ODB are not repacked' '
 	mkdir alt_objects &&
-	echo `pwd`/alt_objects > .git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	echo $(pwd)/alt_objects > .git/objects/info/alternates &&
 	echo content3 > file3 &&
 	objsha1=$(GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY=alt_objects git hash-object -w file3) &&
 	git add file3 &&
@@ -168,7 +174,7 @@ test_expect_success 'packed unreachable obs in alternate ODB are not loosened' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'local packed unreachable obs that exist in alternate ODB are not loosened' '
-	echo `pwd`/alt_objects > .git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	echo $(pwd)/alt_objects > .git/objects/info/alternates &&
 	echo "$csha1" | git pack-objects --non-empty --all --reflog pack &&
 	rm -f .git/objects/pack/* &&
 	mv pack-* .git/objects/pack/ &&
@@ -194,7 +200,26 @@ test_expect_success 'objects made unreachable by grafts only are kept' '
 	git reflog expire --expire=$test_tick --expire-unreachable=$test_tick --all &&
 	git repack -a -d &&
 	git cat-file -t $H1
-	'
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'repack --keep-pack' '
+	test_create_repo keep-pack &&
+	(
+		cd keep-pack &&
+		P1=$(commit_and_pack 1) &&
+		P2=$(commit_and_pack 2) &&
+		P3=$(commit_and_pack 3) &&
+		P4=$(commit_and_pack 4) &&
+		ls .git/objects/pack/*.pack >old-counts &&
+		test_line_count = 4 old-counts &&
+		git repack -a -d --keep-pack $P1 --keep-pack $P4 &&
+		ls .git/objects/pack/*.pack >new-counts &&
+		grep -q $P1 new-counts &&
+		grep -q $P4 new-counts &&
+		test_line_count = 3 new-counts &&
+		git fsck
+	)
+'
 
 test_done
 
diff --git a/t/t7701-repack-unpack-unreachable.sh b/t/t7701-repack-unpack-unreachable.sh
index aad8a9c64d..48261ba080 100755
--- a/t/t7701-repack-unpack-unreachable.sh
+++ b/t/t7701-repack-unpack-unreachable.sh
@@ -55,9 +55,9 @@ test_expect_success '-A with -d option leaves unreachable objects unpacked' '
 
 compare_mtimes ()
 {
-	read tref rest &&
-	while read t rest; do
-		test "$tref" = "$t" || break
+	read tref &&
+	while read t; do
+		test "$tref" = "$t" || return 1
 	done
 }
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ test_expect_success 'unpacked objects receive timestamp of pack file' '
 	tmppack=".git/objects/pack/tmp_pack" &&
 	ln "$packfile" "$tmppack" &&
 	git repack -A -l -d &&
-	test-chmtime -v +0 "$tmppack" "$fsha1path" "$csha1path" "$tsha1path" \
+	test-tool chmtime --get "$tmppack" "$fsha1path" "$csha1path" "$tsha1path" \
 		> mtimes &&
 	compare_mtimes < mtimes
 '
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ test_expect_success 'do not bother loosening old objects' '
 	git prune-packed &&
 	git cat-file -p $obj1 &&
 	git cat-file -p $obj2 &&
-	test-chmtime =-86400 .git/objects/pack/pack-$pack2.pack &&
+	test-tool chmtime =-86400 .git/objects/pack/pack-$pack2.pack &&
 	git repack -A -d --unpack-unreachable=1.hour.ago &&
 	git cat-file -p $obj1 &&
 	test_must_fail git cat-file -p $obj2
@@ -117,9 +117,37 @@ test_expect_success 'keep packed objects found only in index' '
 	git reset HEAD^ &&
 	git reflog expire --expire=now --all &&
 	git add file &&
-	test-chmtime =-86400 .git/objects/pack/* &&
+	test-tool chmtime =-86400 .git/objects/pack/* &&
 	git gc --prune=1.hour.ago &&
 	git cat-file blob :file
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'repack -k keeps unreachable packed objects' '
+	# create packed-but-unreachable object
+	sha1=$(echo unreachable-packed | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	pack=$(echo $sha1 | git pack-objects .git/objects/pack/pack) &&
+	git prune-packed &&
+
+	# -k should keep it
+	git repack -adk &&
+	git cat-file -p $sha1 &&
+
+	# and double check that without -k it would have been removed
+	git repack -ad &&
+	test_must_fail git cat-file -p $sha1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'repack -k packs unreachable loose objects' '
+	# create loose unreachable object
+	sha1=$(echo would-be-deleted-loose | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	objpath=.git/objects/$(echo $sha1 | sed "s,..,&/,") &&
+	test_path_is_file $objpath &&
+
+	# and confirm that the loose object goes away, but we can
+	# still access it (ergo, it is packed)
+	git repack -adk &&
+	test_path_is_missing $objpath &&
+	git cat-file -p $sha1
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7800-difftool.sh b/t/t7800-difftool.sh
index ea35a0241c..668bbee73c 100755
--- a/t/t7800-difftool.sh
+++ b/t/t7800-difftool.sh
@@ -20,11 +20,23 @@ difftool_test_setup ()
 prompt_given ()
 {
 	prompt="$1"
-	test "$prompt" = "Launch 'test-tool' [Y/n]: branch"
+	test "$prompt" = "Launch 'test-tool' [Y/n]? branch"
 }
 
+test_expect_success 'basic usage requires no repo' '
+	test_expect_code 129 git difftool -h >output &&
+	test_i18ngrep ^usage: output &&
+	# create a ceiling directory to prevent Git from finding a repo
+	mkdir -p not/repo &&
+	test_when_finished rm -r not &&
+	test_expect_code 129 \
+	env GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$(pwd)/not" \
+	git -C not/repo difftool -h >output &&
+	test_i18ngrep ^usage: output
+'
+
 # Create a file on master and change it on branch
-test_expect_success PERL 'setup' '
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	echo master >file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -m "added file" &&
@@ -36,7 +48,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'setup' '
 '
 
 # Configure a custom difftool.<tool>.cmd and use it
-test_expect_success PERL 'custom commands' '
+test_expect_success 'custom commands' '
 	difftool_test_setup &&
 	test_config difftool.test-tool.cmd "cat \"\$REMOTE\"" &&
 	echo master >expect &&
@@ -49,21 +61,21 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'custom commands' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'custom tool commands override built-ins' '
+test_expect_success 'custom tool commands override built-ins' '
 	test_config difftool.vimdiff.cmd "cat \"\$REMOTE\"" &&
 	echo master >expect &&
 	git difftool --tool vimdiff --no-prompt branch >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool ignores bad --tool values' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool ignores bad --tool values' '
 	: >expect &&
 	test_must_fail \
 		git difftool --no-prompt --tool=bad-tool branch >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool forwards arguments to diff' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool forwards arguments to diff' '
 	difftool_test_setup &&
 	>for-diff &&
 	git add for-diff &&
@@ -76,40 +88,40 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'difftool forwards arguments to diff' '
 	rm for-diff
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool ignores exit code' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool ignores exit code' '
 	test_config difftool.error.cmd false &&
 	git difftool -y -t error branch
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool forwards exit code with --trust-exit-code' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool forwards exit code with --trust-exit-code' '
 	test_config difftool.error.cmd false &&
 	test_must_fail git difftool -y --trust-exit-code -t error branch
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool forwards exit code with --trust-exit-code for built-ins' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool forwards exit code with --trust-exit-code for built-ins' '
 	test_config difftool.vimdiff.path false &&
 	test_must_fail git difftool -y --trust-exit-code -t vimdiff branch
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool honors difftool.trustExitCode = true' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool honors difftool.trustExitCode = true' '
 	test_config difftool.error.cmd false &&
 	test_config difftool.trustExitCode true &&
 	test_must_fail git difftool -y -t error branch
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool honors difftool.trustExitCode = false' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool honors difftool.trustExitCode = false' '
 	test_config difftool.error.cmd false &&
 	test_config difftool.trustExitCode false &&
 	git difftool -y -t error branch
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool ignores exit code with --no-trust-exit-code' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool ignores exit code with --no-trust-exit-code' '
 	test_config difftool.error.cmd false &&
 	test_config difftool.trustExitCode true &&
 	git difftool -y --no-trust-exit-code -t error branch
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool stops on error with --trust-exit-code' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool stops on error with --trust-exit-code' '
 	test_when_finished "rm -f for-diff .git/fail-right-file" &&
 	test_when_finished "git reset -- for-diff" &&
 	write_script .git/fail-right-file <<-\EOF &&
@@ -124,7 +136,13 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'difftool stops on error with --trust-exit-code' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool honors --gui' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool honors exit status if command not found' '
+	test_config difftool.nonexistent.cmd i-dont-exist &&
+	test_config difftool.trustExitCode false &&
+	test_must_fail git difftool -y -t nonexistent branch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'difftool honors --gui' '
 	difftool_test_setup &&
 	test_config merge.tool bogus-tool &&
 	test_config diff.tool bogus-tool &&
@@ -135,7 +153,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'difftool honors --gui' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --gui last setting wins' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool --gui last setting wins' '
 	difftool_test_setup &&
 	: >expect &&
 	git difftool --no-prompt --gui --no-gui >actual &&
@@ -149,7 +167,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --gui last setting wins' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --gui works without configured diff.guitool' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool --gui works without configured diff.guitool' '
 	difftool_test_setup &&
 	echo branch >expect &&
 	git difftool --no-prompt --gui branch >actual &&
@@ -157,7 +175,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --gui works without configured diff.guitool'
 '
 
 # Specify the diff tool using $GIT_DIFF_TOOL
-test_expect_success PERL 'GIT_DIFF_TOOL variable' '
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIFF_TOOL variable' '
 	difftool_test_setup &&
 	git config --unset diff.tool &&
 	echo branch >expect &&
@@ -167,7 +185,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'GIT_DIFF_TOOL variable' '
 
 # Test the $GIT_*_TOOL variables and ensure
 # that $GIT_DIFF_TOOL always wins unless --tool is specified
-test_expect_success PERL 'GIT_DIFF_TOOL overrides' '
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIFF_TOOL overrides' '
 	difftool_test_setup &&
 	test_config diff.tool bogus-tool &&
 	test_config merge.tool bogus-tool &&
@@ -185,7 +203,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'GIT_DIFF_TOOL overrides' '
 
 # Test that we don't have to pass --no-prompt to difftool
 # when $GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT is true
-test_expect_success PERL 'GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT variable' '
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT variable' '
 	difftool_test_setup &&
 	echo branch >expect &&
 	GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT=true git difftool branch >actual &&
@@ -194,7 +212,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT variable' '
 
 # git-difftool supports the difftool.prompt variable.
 # Test that GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT can override difftool.prompt = false
-test_expect_success PERL 'GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT variable' '
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT variable' '
 	difftool_test_setup &&
 	test_config difftool.prompt false &&
 	echo >input &&
@@ -204,7 +222,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT variable' '
 '
 
 # Test that we don't have to pass --no-prompt when difftool.prompt is false
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool.prompt config variable is false' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool.prompt config variable is false' '
 	difftool_test_setup &&
 	test_config difftool.prompt false &&
 	echo branch >expect &&
@@ -213,7 +231,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'difftool.prompt config variable is false' '
 '
 
 # Test that we don't have to pass --no-prompt when mergetool.prompt is false
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool merge.prompt = false' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool merge.prompt = false' '
 	difftool_test_setup &&
 	test_might_fail git config --unset difftool.prompt &&
 	test_config mergetool.prompt false &&
@@ -223,7 +241,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'difftool merge.prompt = false' '
 '
 
 # Test that the -y flag can override difftool.prompt = true
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool.prompt can overridden with -y' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool.prompt can overridden with -y' '
 	difftool_test_setup &&
 	test_config difftool.prompt true &&
 	echo branch >expect &&
@@ -232,7 +250,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'difftool.prompt can overridden with -y' '
 '
 
 # Test that the --prompt flag can override difftool.prompt = false
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool.prompt can overridden with --prompt' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool.prompt can overridden with --prompt' '
 	difftool_test_setup &&
 	test_config difftool.prompt false &&
 	echo >input &&
@@ -242,7 +260,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'difftool.prompt can overridden with --prompt' '
 '
 
 # Test that the last flag passed on the command-line wins
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool last flag wins' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool last flag wins' '
 	difftool_test_setup &&
 	echo branch >expect &&
 	git difftool --prompt --no-prompt branch >actual &&
@@ -255,7 +273,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'difftool last flag wins' '
 
 # git-difftool falls back to git-mergetool config variables
 # so test that behavior here
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool + mergetool config variables' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool + mergetool config variables' '
 	test_config merge.tool test-tool &&
 	test_config mergetool.test-tool.cmd "cat \$LOCAL" &&
 	echo branch >expect &&
@@ -269,49 +287,49 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'difftool + mergetool config variables' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool.<tool>.path' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool.<tool>.path' '
 	test_config difftool.tkdiff.path echo &&
 	git difftool --tool=tkdiff --no-prompt branch >output &&
-	lines=$(grep file output | wc -l) &&
-	test "$lines" -eq 1
+	grep file output >grep-output &&
+	test_line_count = 1 grep-output
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --extcmd=cat' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool --extcmd=cat' '
 	echo branch >expect &&
 	echo master >>expect &&
 	git difftool --no-prompt --extcmd=cat branch >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --extcmd cat' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool --extcmd cat' '
 	echo branch >expect &&
 	echo master >>expect &&
 	git difftool --no-prompt --extcmd=cat branch >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool -x cat' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool -x cat' '
 	echo branch >expect &&
 	echo master >>expect &&
 	git difftool --no-prompt -x cat branch >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --extcmd echo arg1' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool --extcmd echo arg1' '
 	echo file >expect &&
 	git difftool --no-prompt \
 		--extcmd sh\ -c\ \"echo\ \$1\" branch >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --extcmd cat arg1' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool --extcmd cat arg1' '
 	echo master >expect &&
 	git difftool --no-prompt \
 		--extcmd sh\ -c\ \"cat\ \$1\" branch >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --extcmd cat arg2' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool --extcmd cat arg2' '
 	echo branch >expect &&
 	git difftool --no-prompt \
 		--extcmd sh\ -c\ \"cat\ \$2\" branch >actual &&
@@ -319,7 +337,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --extcmd cat arg2' '
 '
 
 # Create a second file on master and a different version on branch
-test_expect_success PERL 'setup with 2 files different' '
+test_expect_success 'setup with 2 files different' '
 	echo m2 >file2 &&
 	git add file2 &&
 	git commit -m "added file2" &&
@@ -331,7 +349,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'setup with 2 files different' '
 	git checkout master
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'say no to the first file' '
+test_expect_success 'say no to the first file' '
 	(echo n && echo) >input &&
 	git difftool -x cat branch <input >output &&
 	grep m2 output &&
@@ -340,7 +358,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'say no to the first file' '
 	! grep branch output
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'say no to the second file' '
+test_expect_success 'say no to the second file' '
 	(echo && echo n) >input &&
 	git difftool -x cat branch <input >output &&
 	grep master output &&
@@ -349,7 +367,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'say no to the second file' '
 	! grep br2 output
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'ending prompt input with EOF' '
+test_expect_success 'ending prompt input with EOF' '
 	git difftool -x cat branch </dev/null >output &&
 	! grep master output &&
 	! grep branch output &&
@@ -357,29 +375,49 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'ending prompt input with EOF' '
 	! grep br2 output
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --tool-help' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool --tool-help' '
 	git difftool --tool-help >output &&
 	grep tool output
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'setup change in subdirectory' '
+test_expect_success 'setup change in subdirectory' '
 	git checkout master &&
 	mkdir sub &&
 	echo master >sub/sub &&
 	git add sub/sub &&
 	git commit -m "added sub/sub" &&
+	git tag v1 &&
 	echo test >>file &&
 	echo test >>sub/sub &&
 	git add file sub/sub &&
 	git commit -m "modified both"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'difftool -d with growing paths' '
+	a=aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa &&
+	git init growing &&
+	(
+		cd growing &&
+		echo "test -f \"\$2/b\"" | write_script .git/test-for-b.sh &&
+		one=$(printf 1 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+		two=$(printf 2 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+		git update-index --add \
+			--cacheinfo 100644,$one,$a --cacheinfo 100644,$two,b &&
+		tree1=$(git write-tree) &&
+		git update-index --add \
+			--cacheinfo 100644,$two,$a --cacheinfo 100644,$one,b &&
+		tree2=$(git write-tree) &&
+		git checkout -- $a &&
+		git difftool -d --extcmd .git/test-for-b.sh $tree1 $tree2
+	)
+'
+
 run_dir_diff_test () {
-	test_expect_success PERL "$1 --no-symlinks" "
+	test_expect_success "$1 --no-symlinks" "
 		symlinks=--no-symlinks &&
 		$2
 	"
-	test_expect_success PERL,SYMLINKS "$1 --symlinks" "
+	test_expect_success SYMLINKS "$1 --symlinks" "
 		symlinks=--symlinks &&
 		$2
 	"
@@ -403,12 +441,70 @@ run_dir_diff_test 'difftool --dir-diff ignores --prompt' '
 	grep file output
 '
 
-run_dir_diff_test 'difftool --dir-diff from subdirectory' '
+run_dir_diff_test 'difftool --dir-diff branch from subdirectory' '
 	(
 		cd sub &&
 		git difftool --dir-diff $symlinks --extcmd ls branch >output &&
+		# "sub" must only exist in "right"
+		# "file" and "file2" must be listed in both "left" and "right"
+		grep sub output >sub-output &&
+		test_line_count = 1 sub-output &&
+		grep file"$" output >file-output &&
+		test_line_count = 2 file-output &&
+		grep file2 output >file2-output &&
+		test_line_count = 2 file2-output
+	)
+'
+
+run_dir_diff_test 'difftool --dir-diff v1 from subdirectory' '
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		git difftool --dir-diff $symlinks --extcmd ls v1 >output &&
+		# "sub" and "file" exist in both v1 and HEAD.
+		# "file2" is unchanged.
+		grep sub output >sub-output &&
+		test_line_count = 2 sub-output &&
+		grep file output >file-output &&
+		test_line_count = 2 file-output &&
+		! grep file2 output
+	)
+'
+
+run_dir_diff_test 'difftool --dir-diff branch from subdirectory w/ pathspec' '
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		git difftool --dir-diff $symlinks --extcmd ls branch -- .>output &&
+		# "sub" only exists in "right"
+		# "file" and "file2" must not be listed
+		grep sub output >sub-output &&
+		test_line_count = 1 sub-output &&
+		! grep file output
+	)
+'
+
+run_dir_diff_test 'difftool --dir-diff v1 from subdirectory w/ pathspec' '
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		git difftool --dir-diff $symlinks --extcmd ls v1 -- .>output &&
+		# "sub" exists in v1 and HEAD
+		# "file" is filtered out by the pathspec
+		grep sub output >sub-output &&
+		test_line_count = 2 sub-output &&
+		! grep file output
+	)
+'
+
+run_dir_diff_test 'difftool --dir-diff from subdirectory with GIT_DIR set' '
+	(
+		GIT_DIR=$(pwd)/.git &&
+		export GIT_DIR &&
+		GIT_WORK_TREE=$(pwd) &&
+		export GIT_WORK_TREE &&
+		cd sub &&
+		git difftool --dir-diff $symlinks --extcmd ls \
+			branch -- sub >output &&
 		grep sub output &&
-		grep file output
+		! grep file output
 	)
 '
 
@@ -419,22 +515,45 @@ run_dir_diff_test 'difftool --dir-diff when worktree file is missing' '
 	grep file2 output
 '
 
+run_dir_diff_test 'difftool --dir-diff with unmerged files' '
+	test_when_finished git reset --hard &&
+	test_config difftool.echo.cmd "echo ok" &&
+	git checkout -B conflict-a &&
+	git checkout -B conflict-b &&
+	git checkout conflict-a &&
+	echo a >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m conflict-a &&
+	git checkout conflict-b &&
+	echo b >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m conflict-b &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git merge conflict-a &&
+	test_must_fail git merge conflict-b &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		ok
+	EOF
+	git difftool --dir-diff $symlinks -t echo >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 write_script .git/CHECK_SYMLINKS <<\EOF
 for f in file file2 sub/sub
 do
 	echo "$f"
-	readlink "$2/$f"
+	ls -ld "$2/$f" | sed -e 's/.* -> //'
 done >actual
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success PERL,SYMLINKS 'difftool --dir-diff --symlink without unstaged changes' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'difftool --dir-diff --symlink without unstaged changes' '
 	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
 	file
-	$(pwd)/file
+	$PWD/file
 	file2
-	$(pwd)/file2
+	$PWD/file2
 	sub/sub
-	$(pwd)/sub/sub
+	$PWD/sub/sub
 	EOF
 	git difftool --dir-diff --symlink \
 		--extcmd "./.git/CHECK_SYMLINKS" branch HEAD &&
@@ -448,14 +567,14 @@ EOF
 run_dir_diff_test 'difftool --dir-diff syncs worktree with unstaged change' '
 	test_when_finished git reset --hard &&
 	echo "orig content" >file &&
-	git difftool -d $symlinks --extcmd "$(pwd)/modify-right-file" branch &&
+	git difftool -d $symlinks --extcmd "$PWD/modify-right-file" branch &&
 	echo "new content" >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect file
 '
 
 run_dir_diff_test 'difftool --dir-diff syncs worktree without unstaged change' '
 	test_when_finished git reset --hard &&
-	git difftool -d $symlinks --extcmd "$(pwd)/modify-right-file" branch &&
+	git difftool -d $symlinks --extcmd "$PWD/modify-right-file" branch &&
 	echo "new content" >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect file
 '
@@ -464,9 +583,9 @@ write_script modify-file <<\EOF
 echo "new content" >file
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --no-symlinks does not overwrite working tree file ' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool --no-symlinks does not overwrite working tree file ' '
 	echo "orig content" >file &&
-	git difftool --dir-diff --no-symlinks --extcmd "$(pwd)/modify-file" branch &&
+	git difftool --dir-diff --no-symlinks --extcmd "$PWD/modify-file" branch &&
 	echo "new content" >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect file
 '
@@ -477,12 +596,12 @@ echo "tmp content" >"$2/file" &&
 echo "$2" >tmpdir
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --no-symlinks detects conflict ' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool --no-symlinks detects conflict ' '
 	(
 		TMPDIR=$TRASH_DIRECTORY &&
 		export TMPDIR &&
 		echo "orig content" >file &&
-		test_must_fail git difftool --dir-diff --no-symlinks --extcmd "$(pwd)/modify-both-files" branch &&
+		test_must_fail git difftool --dir-diff --no-symlinks --extcmd "$PWD/modify-both-files" branch &&
 		echo "wt content" >expect &&
 		test_cmp expect file &&
 		echo "tmp content" >expect &&
@@ -490,18 +609,100 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --no-symlinks detects conflict ' '
 	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool properly honors gitlink and core.worktree' '
+test_expect_success 'difftool properly honors gitlink and core.worktree' '
+	test_when_finished rm -rf submod/ule &&
 	git submodule add ./. submod/ule &&
+	test_config -C submod/ule diff.tool checktrees &&
+	test_config -C submod/ule difftool.checktrees.cmd '\''
+		test -d "$LOCAL" && test -d "$REMOTE" && echo good
+		'\'' &&
 	(
 		cd submod/ule &&
-		test_config diff.tool checktrees &&
-		test_config difftool.checktrees.cmd '\''
-			test -d "$LOCAL" && test -d "$REMOTE" && echo good
-		'\'' &&
+		echo good >expect &&
+		git difftool --tool=checktrees --dir-diff HEAD~ >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		rm -f expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'difftool --dir-diff symlinked directories' '
+	test_when_finished git reset --hard &&
+	git init dirlinks &&
+	(
+		cd dirlinks &&
+		git config diff.tool checktrees &&
+		git config difftool.checktrees.cmd "echo good" &&
+		mkdir foo &&
+		: >foo/bar &&
+		git add foo/bar &&
+		test_commit symlink-one &&
+		ln -s foo link &&
+		git add link &&
+		test_commit symlink-two &&
 		echo good >expect &&
 		git difftool --tool=checktrees --dir-diff HEAD~ >actual &&
 		test_cmp expect actual
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'difftool --dir-diff handles modified symlinks' '
+	test_when_finished git reset --hard &&
+	touch b &&
+	ln -s b c &&
+	git add b c &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	touch d &&
+	rm c &&
+	ln -s d c &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		b
+		c
+
+		c
+	EOF
+	git difftool --symlinks --dir-diff --extcmd ls >output &&
+	grep -v ^/ output >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git difftool --no-symlinks --dir-diff --extcmd ls >output &&
+	grep -v ^/ output >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# The left side contains symlink "c" that points to "b"
+	test_config difftool.cat.cmd "cat \$LOCAL/c" &&
+	printf "%s\n" b >expect &&
+
+	git difftool --symlinks --dir-diff --tool cat >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git difftool --symlinks --no-symlinks --dir-diff --tool cat >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# The right side contains symlink "c" that points to "d"
+	test_config difftool.cat.cmd "cat \$REMOTE/c" &&
+	printf "%s\n" d >expect &&
+
+	git difftool --symlinks --dir-diff --tool cat >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git difftool --no-symlinks --dir-diff --tool cat >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Deleted symlinks
+	rm -f c &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+		b
+		c
+
+	EOF
+	git difftool --symlinks --dir-diff --extcmd ls >output &&
+	grep -v ^/ output >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git difftool --no-symlinks --dir-diff --extcmd ls >output &&
+	grep -v ^/ output >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7810-grep.sh b/t/t7810-grep.sh
index 028ffe4a05..be5c1bd553 100755
--- a/t/t7810-grep.sh
+++ b/t/t7810-grep.sh
@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ test_description='git grep various.
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 cat >hello.c <<EOF
+#include <assert.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
+
 int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	printf("Hello world.\n");
@@ -37,6 +39,10 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 		echo "a+bc"
 		echo "abc"
 	} >ab &&
+	{
+		echo d &&
+		echo 0
+	} >d0 &&
 	echo vvv >v &&
 	echo ww w >w &&
 	echo x x xx x >x &&
@@ -54,6 +60,18 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 		echo " line with leading space3"
 		echo "line without leading space2"
 	} >space &&
+	cat >hello.ps1 <<-\EOF &&
+	# No-op.
+	function dummy() {}
+
+	# Say hello.
+	function hello() {
+	  echo "Hello world."
+	} # hello
+
+	# Still a no-op.
+	function dummy() {}
+	EOF
 	git add . &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m initial
@@ -81,6 +99,101 @@ do
 		test_cmp expected actual
 	'
 
+	test_expect_success "grep -w $L (with --column)" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}file:5:foo mmap bar
+			echo ${HC}file:14:foo_mmap bar mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:5:foo mmap bar_mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:14:foo_mmap bar mmap baz
+		} >expected &&
+		git grep --column -w -e mmap $H >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep -w $L (with --column, extended OR)" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}file:14:foo_mmap bar mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:19:foo_mmap bar mmap baz
+		} >expected &&
+		git grep --column -w -e mmap$ --or -e baz $H >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep -w $L (with --column, --invert)" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}file:1:foo mmap bar
+			echo ${HC}file:1:foo_mmap bar
+			echo ${HC}file:1:foo_mmap bar mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:1:foo mmap bar_mmap
+		} >expected &&
+		git grep --column --invert -w -e baz $H -- file >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep $L (with --column, --invert, extended OR)" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}hello_world:6:HeLLo_world
+		} >expected &&
+		git grep --column --invert -e ll --or --not -e _ $H -- hello_world \
+			>actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep $L (with --column, --invert, extended AND)" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}hello_world:3:Hello world
+			echo ${HC}hello_world:3:Hello_world
+			echo ${HC}hello_world:6:HeLLo_world
+		} >expected &&
+		git grep --column --invert --not -e _ --and --not -e ll $H -- hello_world \
+			>actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep $L (with --column, double-negation)" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}file:1:foo_mmap bar mmap baz
+		} >expected &&
+		git grep --column --not \( --not -e foo --or --not -e baz \) $H -- file \
+			>actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep -w $L (with --column, -C)" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}file:5:foo mmap bar
+			echo ${HC}file-foo_mmap bar
+			echo ${HC}file:14:foo_mmap bar mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:5:foo mmap bar_mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:14:foo_mmap bar mmap baz
+		} >expected &&
+		git grep --column -w -C1 -e mmap $H >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep -w $L (with --line-number, --column)" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}file:1:5:foo mmap bar
+			echo ${HC}file:3:14:foo_mmap bar mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:4:5:foo mmap bar_mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:5:14:foo_mmap bar mmap baz
+		} >expected &&
+		git grep -n --column -w -e mmap $H >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep -w $L (with non-extended patterns, --column)" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}file:5:foo mmap bar
+			echo ${HC}file:10:foo_mmap bar
+			echo ${HC}file:10:foo_mmap bar mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:5:foo mmap bar_mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:10:foo_mmap bar mmap baz
+		} >expected &&
+		git grep --column -w -e bar -e mmap $H >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
 	test_expect_success "grep -w $L" '
 		{
 			echo ${HC}file:1:foo mmap bar
@@ -104,9 +217,8 @@ do
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success "grep -w $L (w)" '
-		: >expected &&
 		test_must_fail git grep -n -w -e "^w" $H >actual &&
-		test_cmp expected actual
+		test_must_be_empty actual
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success "grep -w $L (x)" '
@@ -126,29 +238,42 @@ do
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success "grep -w $L (y-2)" '
-		: >expected &&
 		if git grep -n -w -e "^y y" $H >actual
 		then
 			echo should not have matched
 			cat actual
 			false
 		else
-			test_cmp expected actual
+			test_must_be_empty actual
 		fi
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success "grep -w $L (z)" '
-		: >expected &&
 		if git grep -n -w -e "^z" $H >actual
 		then
 			echo should not have matched
 			cat actual
 			false
 		else
-			test_cmp expected actual
+			test_must_be_empty actual
 		fi
 	'
 
+	test_expect_success "grep $L (with --column, --only-matching)" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}file:1:5:mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:2:5:mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:3:5:mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:3:13:mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:4:5:mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:4:13:mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:5:5:mmap
+			echo ${HC}file:5:13:mmap
+		} >expected &&
+		git grep --column -n -o -e mmap $H >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
 	test_expect_success "grep $L (t-1)" '
 		echo "${HC}t/t:1:test" >expected &&
 		git grep -n -e test $H >actual &&
@@ -175,7 +300,7 @@ do
 
 	test_expect_success "grep -c $L (no /dev/null)" '
 		! git grep -c test $H | grep /dev/null
-        '
+	'
 
 	test_expect_success "grep --max-depth -1 $L" '
 		{
@@ -269,12 +394,16 @@ do
 		test_cmp expected actual
 	'
 
-	test_expect_success LIBPCRE "grep $L with grep.patterntype=perl" '
+	test_expect_success PCRE "grep $L with grep.patterntype=perl" '
 		echo "${HC}ab:a+b*c" >expected &&
 		git -c grep.patterntype=perl grep "a\x{2b}b\x{2a}c" $H ab >actual &&
 		test_cmp expected actual
 	'
 
+	test_expect_success !PCRE "grep $L with grep.patterntype=perl errors without PCRE" '
+		test_must_fail git -c grep.patterntype=perl grep "foo.*bar"
+	'
+
 	test_expect_success "grep $L with grep.patternType=default and grep.extendedRegexp=true" '
 		echo "${HC}ab:abc" >expected &&
 		git \
@@ -353,7 +482,7 @@ test_expect_success 'grep -l -C' '
 cat >expected <<EOF
 file:5
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'grep -l -C' '
+test_expect_success 'grep -c -C' '
 	git grep -c -C1 foo >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
@@ -364,6 +493,11 @@ test_expect_success 'grep -L -C' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'grep --files-without-match --quiet' '
+	git grep --files-without-match --quiet nonexistent_string >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
 cat >expected <<EOF
 file:foo mmap bar_mmap
 EOF
@@ -482,11 +616,10 @@ z:zzz
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'grep -q, silently report matches' '
-	>empty &&
 	git grep -q mmap >actual &&
-	test_cmp empty actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
 	test_must_fail git grep -q qfwfq >actual &&
-	test_cmp empty actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'grep -C1 hunk mark between files' '
@@ -554,8 +687,7 @@ test_expect_success 'log grep (5)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'log grep (6)' '
 	git log --author=-0700  --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
-	>expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'log grep (7)' '
@@ -579,9 +711,8 @@ test_expect_success 'log grep (9)' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'log grep (9)' '
-	git log -g --grep-reflog="commit: third" --author="non-existant" --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
-	: >expect &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	git log -g --grep-reflog="commit: third" --author="non-existent" --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'log --grep-reflog can only be used under -g' '
@@ -671,15 +802,13 @@ test_expect_success 'log --all-match --grep --grep --author takes intersection'
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'log --author does not search in timestamp' '
-	: >expect &&
 	git log --author="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'log --committer does not search in timestamp' '
-	: >expect &&
 	git log --committer="$GIT_COMMITTER_DATE" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'grep with CE_VALID file' '
@@ -715,6 +844,7 @@ test_expect_success 'grep -p' '
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
 hello.c-#include <stdio.h>
+hello.c-
 hello.c=int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 hello.c-{
 hello.c-	printf("Hello world.\n");
@@ -741,17 +871,70 @@ test_expect_success 'grep -W' '
 '
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
-hello.c=	printf("Hello world.\n");
-hello.c:	return 0;
-hello.c-	/* char ?? */
+hello.c-#include <assert.h>
+hello.c:#include <stdio.h>
 EOF
 
+test_expect_success 'grep -W shows no trailing empty lines' '
+	git grep -W stdio >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'grep -W with userdiff' '
 	test_when_finished "rm -f .gitattributes" &&
-	git config diff.custom.xfuncname "(printf.*|})$" &&
-	echo "hello.c diff=custom" >.gitattributes &&
-	git grep -W return >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	git config diff.custom.xfuncname "^function .*$" &&
+	echo "hello.ps1 diff=custom" >.gitattributes &&
+	git grep -W echo >function-context-userdiff-actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' includes preceding comment' '
+	grep "# Say hello" function-context-userdiff-actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' includes function line' '
+	grep "=function hello" function-context-userdiff-actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' includes matching line' '
+	grep ":  echo" function-context-userdiff-actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success ' includes last line of the function' '
+	grep "} # hello" function-context-userdiff-actual
+'
+
+for threads in $(test_seq 0 10)
+do
+	test_expect_success "grep --threads=$threads & -c grep.threads=$threads" "
+		git grep --threads=$threads . >actual.$threads &&
+		if test $threads -ge 1
+		then
+			test_cmp actual.\$(($threads - 1)) actual.$threads
+		fi &&
+		git -c grep.threads=$threads grep . >actual.$threads &&
+		if test $threads -ge 1
+		then
+			test_cmp actual.\$(($threads - 1)) actual.$threads
+		fi
+	"
+done
+
+test_expect_success !PTHREADS,C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'grep --threads=N or pack.threads=N warns when no pthreads' '
+	git grep --threads=2 Hello hello_world 2>err &&
+	grep ^warning: err >warnings &&
+	test_line_count = 1 warnings &&
+	grep -F "no threads support, ignoring --threads" err &&
+	git -c grep.threads=2 grep Hello hello_world 2>err &&
+	grep ^warning: err >warnings &&
+	test_line_count = 1 warnings &&
+	grep -F "no threads support, ignoring grep.threads" err &&
+	git -c grep.threads=2 grep --threads=4 Hello hello_world 2>err &&
+	grep ^warning: err >warnings &&
+	test_line_count = 2 warnings &&
+	grep -F "no threads support, ignoring --threads" err &&
+	grep -F "no threads support, ignoring grep.threads" err &&
+	git -c grep.threads=0 grep --threads=0 Hello hello_world 2>err &&
+	test_line_count = 0 err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'grep from a subdirectory to search wider area (1)' '
@@ -764,10 +947,9 @@ test_expect_success 'grep from a subdirectory to search wider area (1)' '
 test_expect_success 'grep from a subdirectory to search wider area (2)' '
 	mkdir -p s &&
 	(
-		cd s || exit 1
-		( git grep xxyyzz .. >out ; echo $? >status )
-		! test -s out &&
-		test 1 = $(cat status)
+		cd s &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git grep xxyyzz .. >out &&
+		test_must_be_empty out
 	)
 '
 
@@ -791,12 +973,12 @@ test_expect_success 'outside of git repository' '
 	} >non/expect.full &&
 	echo file2:world >non/expect.sub &&
 	(
-		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$(pwd)/non/git" &&
+		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$(pwd)/non" &&
 		export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES &&
 		cd non/git &&
 		test_must_fail git grep o &&
 		git grep --no-index o >../actual.full &&
-		test_cmp ../expect.full ../actual.full
+		test_cmp ../expect.full ../actual.full &&
 		cd sub &&
 		test_must_fail git grep o &&
 		git grep --no-index o >../../actual.sub &&
@@ -805,7 +987,7 @@ test_expect_success 'outside of git repository' '
 
 	echo ".*o*" >non/git/.gitignore &&
 	(
-		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$(pwd)/non/git" &&
+		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$(pwd)/non" &&
 		export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES &&
 		cd non/git &&
 		test_must_fail git grep o &&
@@ -813,7 +995,7 @@ test_expect_success 'outside of git repository' '
 		test_cmp ../expect.full ../actual.full &&
 
 		{
-			echo ".gitignore:.*o*"
+			echo ".gitignore:.*o*" &&
 			cat ../expect.full
 		} >../expect.with.ignored &&
 		git grep --no-index --no-exclude o >../actual.full &&
@@ -821,6 +1003,47 @@ test_expect_success 'outside of git repository' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'outside of git repository with fallbackToNoIndex' '
+	rm -fr non &&
+	mkdir -p non/git/sub &&
+	echo hello >non/git/file1 &&
+	echo world >non/git/sub/file2 &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >non/expect.full &&
+	file1:hello
+	sub/file2:world
+	EOF
+	echo file2:world >non/expect.sub &&
+	(
+		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$(pwd)/non" &&
+		export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES &&
+		cd non/git &&
+		test_must_fail git -c grep.fallbackToNoIndex=false grep o &&
+		git -c grep.fallbackToNoIndex=true grep o >../actual.full &&
+		test_cmp ../expect.full ../actual.full &&
+		cd sub &&
+		test_must_fail git -c grep.fallbackToNoIndex=false grep o &&
+		git -c grep.fallbackToNoIndex=true grep o >../../actual.sub &&
+		test_cmp ../../expect.sub ../../actual.sub
+	) &&
+
+	echo ".*o*" >non/git/.gitignore &&
+	(
+		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$(pwd)/non" &&
+		export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES &&
+		cd non/git &&
+		test_must_fail git -c grep.fallbackToNoIndex=false grep o &&
+		git -c grep.fallbackToNoIndex=true grep --exclude-standard o >../actual.full &&
+		test_cmp ../expect.full ../actual.full &&
+
+		{
+			echo ".gitignore:.*o*" &&
+			cat ../expect.full
+		} >../expect.with.ignored &&
+		git -c grep.fallbackToNoIndex grep --no-exclude o >../actual.full &&
+		test_cmp ../expect.with.ignored ../actual.full
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'inside git repository but with --no-index' '
 	rm -fr is &&
 	mkdir -p is/git/sub &&
@@ -835,13 +1058,12 @@ test_expect_success 'inside git repository but with --no-index' '
 		echo ".gitignore:.*o*" &&
 		cat is/expect.unignored
 	} >is/expect.full &&
-	: >is/expect.empty &&
 	echo file2:world >is/expect.sub &&
 	(
 		cd is/git &&
 		git init &&
 		test_must_fail git grep o >../actual.full &&
-		test_cmp ../expect.empty ../actual.full &&
+		test_must_be_empty ../actual.full &&
 
 		git grep --untracked o >../actual.unignored &&
 		test_cmp ../expect.unignored ../actual.unignored &&
@@ -854,7 +1076,7 @@ test_expect_success 'inside git repository but with --no-index' '
 
 		cd sub &&
 		test_must_fail git grep o >../../actual.sub &&
-		test_cmp ../../expect.empty ../../actual.sub &&
+		test_must_be_empty ../../actual.sub &&
 
 		git grep --no-index o >../../actual.sub &&
 		test_cmp ../../expect.sub ../../actual.sub &&
@@ -864,6 +1086,33 @@ test_expect_success 'inside git repository but with --no-index' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'grep --no-index descends into repos, but not .git' '
+	rm -fr non &&
+	mkdir -p non/git &&
+	(
+		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$(pwd)/non" &&
+		export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES &&
+		cd non/git &&
+
+		echo magic >file &&
+		git init repo &&
+		(
+			cd repo &&
+			echo magic >file &&
+			git add file &&
+			git commit -m foo &&
+			echo magic >.git/file
+		) &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		file
+		repo/file
+		EOF
+		git grep -l --no-index magic >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup double-dash tests' '
 cat >double-dash <<EOF &&
 --
@@ -897,35 +1146,114 @@ test_expect_success 'grep -e -- -- path' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'dashdash disambiguates rev as rev' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f master" &&
+	echo content >master &&
+	echo master:hello.c >expect &&
+	git grep -l o master -- hello.c >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'dashdash disambiguates pathspec as pathspec' '
+	test_when_finished "git rm -f master" &&
+	echo content >master &&
+	git add master &&
+	echo master:content >expect &&
+	git grep o -- master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'report bogus arg without dashdash' '
+	test_must_fail git grep o does-not-exist
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'report bogus rev with dashdash' '
+	test_must_fail git grep o hello.c --
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'allow non-existent path with dashdash' '
+	# We need a real match so grep exits with success.
+	tree=$(git ls-tree HEAD |
+	       sed s/hello.c/not-in-working-tree/ |
+	       git mktree) &&
+	git grep o "$tree" -- not-in-working-tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep --no-index pattern -- path' '
+	rm -fr non &&
+	mkdir -p non/git &&
+	(
+		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$(pwd)/non" &&
+		export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES &&
+		cd non/git &&
+		echo hello >hello &&
+		echo goodbye >goodbye &&
+		echo hello:hello >expect &&
+		git grep --no-index o -- hello >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep --no-index complains of revs' '
+	test_must_fail git grep --no-index o master -- 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "cannot be used with revs" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep --no-index prefers paths to revs' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f master" &&
+	echo content >master &&
+	echo master:content >expect &&
+	git grep --no-index o master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep --no-index does not "diagnose" revs' '
+	test_must_fail git grep --no-index o :1:hello.c 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! -i "did you mean" err
+'
+
 cat >expected <<EOF
 hello.c:int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 hello.c:	printf("Hello world.\n");
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep --perl-regexp pattern' '
+test_expect_success PCRE 'grep --perl-regexp pattern' '
 	git grep --perl-regexp "\p{Ps}.*?\p{Pe}" hello.c >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -P pattern' '
+test_expect_success !PCRE 'grep --perl-regexp pattern errors without PCRE' '
+	test_must_fail git grep --perl-regexp "foo.*bar"
+'
+
+test_expect_success PCRE 'grep -P pattern' '
 	git grep -P "\p{Ps}.*?\p{Pe}" hello.c >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success LIBPCRE2 "grep -P with (*NO_JIT) doesn't error out" '
+	git grep -P "(*NO_JIT)\p{Ps}.*?\p{Pe}" hello.c >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success !PCRE 'grep -P pattern errors without PCRE' '
+	test_must_fail git grep -P "foo.*bar"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'grep pattern with grep.extendedRegexp=true' '
-	>empty &&
 	test_must_fail git -c grep.extendedregexp=true \
 		grep "\p{Ps}.*?\p{Pe}" hello.c >actual &&
-	test_cmp empty actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -P pattern with grep.extendedRegexp=true' '
+test_expect_success PCRE 'grep -P pattern with grep.extendedRegexp=true' '
 	git -c grep.extendedregexp=true \
 		grep -P "\p{Ps}.*?\p{Pe}" hello.c >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -P -v pattern' '
+test_expect_success PCRE 'grep -P -v pattern' '
 	{
 		echo "ab:a+b*c"
 		echo "ab:a+bc"
@@ -934,7 +1262,7 @@ test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -P -v pattern' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -P -i pattern' '
+test_expect_success PCRE 'grep -P -i pattern' '
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 	hello.c:	printf("Hello world.\n");
 	EOF
@@ -942,7 +1270,7 @@ test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -P -i pattern' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -P -w pattern' '
+test_expect_success PCRE 'grep -P -w pattern' '
 	{
 		echo "hello_world:Hello world"
 		echo "hello_world:HeLLo world"
@@ -951,6 +1279,13 @@ test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -P -w pattern' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success PCRE 'grep -P backreferences work (the PCRE NO_AUTO_CAPTURE flag is not set)' '
+	git grep -P -h "(?P<one>.)(?P=one)" hello_world >actual &&
+	test_cmp hello_world actual &&
+	git grep -P -h "(.)\1" hello_world >actual &&
+	test_cmp hello_world actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'grep -G invalidpattern properly dies ' '
 	test_must_fail git grep -G "a["
 '
@@ -967,11 +1302,11 @@ test_expect_success 'grep invalidpattern properly dies with grep.patternType=ext
 	test_must_fail git -c grep.patterntype=extended grep "a["
 '
 
-test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -P invalidpattern properly dies ' '
+test_expect_success PCRE 'grep -P invalidpattern properly dies ' '
 	test_must_fail git grep -P "a["
 '
 
-test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep invalidpattern properly dies with grep.patternType=perl' '
+test_expect_success PCRE 'grep invalidpattern properly dies with grep.patternType=perl' '
 	test_must_fail git -c grep.patterntype=perl grep "a["
 '
 
@@ -1024,40 +1359,40 @@ test_expect_success 'grep pattern with grep.patternType=fixed, =basic, =extended
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'grep -G -F -P -E pattern' '
-	>empty &&
-	test_must_fail git grep -G -F -P -E "a\x{2b}b\x{2a}c" ab >actual &&
-	test_cmp empty actual
+	echo "d0:d" >expected &&
+	git grep -G -F -P -E "[\d]" d0 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'grep pattern with grep.patternType=fixed, =basic, =perl, =extended' '
-	>empty &&
-	test_must_fail git \
+	echo "d0:d" >expected &&
+	git \
 		-c grep.patterntype=fixed \
 		-c grep.patterntype=basic \
 		-c grep.patterntype=perl \
 		-c grep.patterntype=extended \
-		grep "a\x{2b}b\x{2a}c" ab >actual &&
-	test_cmp empty actual
+		grep "[\d]" d0 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -G -F -E -P pattern' '
-	echo "ab:a+b*c" >expected &&
-	git grep -G -F -E -P "a\x{2b}b\x{2a}c" ab >actual &&
+test_expect_success PCRE 'grep -G -F -E -P pattern' '
+	echo "d0:0" >expected &&
+	git grep -G -F -E -P "[\d]" d0 >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep pattern with grep.patternType=fixed, =basic, =extended, =perl' '
-	echo "ab:a+b*c" >expected &&
+test_expect_success PCRE 'grep pattern with grep.patternType=fixed, =basic, =extended, =perl' '
+	echo "d0:0" >expected &&
 	git \
 		-c grep.patterntype=fixed \
 		-c grep.patterntype=basic \
 		-c grep.patterntype=extended \
 		-c grep.patterntype=perl \
-		grep "a\x{2b}b\x{2a}c" ab >actual &&
+		grep "[\d]" d0 >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -P pattern with grep.patternType=fixed' '
+test_expect_success PCRE 'grep -P pattern with grep.patternType=fixed' '
 	echo "ab:a+b*c" >expected &&
 	git \
 		-c grep.patterntype=fixed \
@@ -1164,8 +1499,8 @@ test_expect_success 'grep --heading' '
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
 <BOLD;GREEN>hello.c<RESET>
-2:int main(int argc, const <BLACK;BYELLOW>char<RESET> **argv)
-6:	/* <BLACK;BYELLOW>char<RESET> ?? */
+4:int main(int argc, const <BLACK;BYELLOW>char<RESET> **argv)
+8:	/* <BLACK;BYELLOW>char<RESET> ?? */
 
 <BOLD;GREEN>hello_world<RESET>
 3:Hel<BLACK;BYELLOW>lo_w<RESET>orld
@@ -1192,12 +1527,12 @@ space: line with leading space2
 space: line with leading space3
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -E "^ "' '
+test_expect_success PCRE 'grep -E "^ "' '
 	git grep -E "^ " space >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -P "^ "' '
+test_expect_success PCRE 'grep -P "^ "' '
 	git grep -P "^ " space >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
@@ -1272,7 +1607,7 @@ test_expect_success 'grep --color -e A --and --not -e B with context' '
 '
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
-hello.c-#include <stdio.h>
+hello.c-
 hello.c=int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 hello.c-{
 hello.c:	pr<RED>int<RESET>f("<RED>Hello<RESET> world.\n");
@@ -1296,4 +1631,62 @@ test_expect_success 'grep --color -e A --and -e B -p with context' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'grep can find things only in the work tree' '
+	: >work-tree-only &&
+	git add work-tree-only &&
+	test_when_finished "git rm -f work-tree-only" &&
+	echo "find in work tree" >work-tree-only &&
+	git grep --quiet "find in work tree" &&
+	test_must_fail git grep --quiet --cached "find in work tree" &&
+	test_must_fail git grep --quiet "find in work tree" HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep can find things only in the work tree (i-t-a)' '
+	echo "intend to add this" >intend-to-add &&
+	git add -N intend-to-add &&
+	test_when_finished "git rm -f intend-to-add" &&
+	git grep --quiet "intend to add this" &&
+	test_must_fail git grep --quiet --cached "intend to add this" &&
+	test_must_fail git grep --quiet "intend to add this" HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep does not search work tree with assume unchanged' '
+	echo "intend to add this" >intend-to-add &&
+	git add -N intend-to-add &&
+	git update-index --assume-unchanged intend-to-add &&
+	test_when_finished "git rm -f intend-to-add" &&
+	test_must_fail git grep --quiet "intend to add this" &&
+	test_must_fail git grep --quiet --cached "intend to add this" &&
+	test_must_fail git grep --quiet "intend to add this" HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep can find things only in the index' '
+	echo "only in the index" >cache-this &&
+	git add cache-this &&
+	rm cache-this &&
+	test_when_finished "git rm --cached cache-this" &&
+	test_must_fail git grep --quiet "only in the index" &&
+	git grep --quiet --cached "only in the index" &&
+	test_must_fail git grep --quiet "only in the index" HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep does not report i-t-a with -L --cached' '
+	echo "intend to add this" >intend-to-add &&
+	git add -N intend-to-add &&
+	test_when_finished "git rm -f intend-to-add" &&
+	git ls-files | grep -v "^intend-to-add\$" >expected &&
+	git grep -L --cached "nonexistent_string" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep does not report i-t-a and assume unchanged with -L' '
+	echo "intend to add this" >intend-to-add-assume-unchanged &&
+	git add -N intend-to-add-assume-unchanged &&
+	test_when_finished "git rm -f intend-to-add-assume-unchanged" &&
+	git update-index --assume-unchanged intend-to-add-assume-unchanged &&
+	git ls-files | grep -v "^intend-to-add-assume-unchanged\$" >expected &&
+	git grep -L "nonexistent_string" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7811-grep-open.sh b/t/t7811-grep-open.sh
index e1951a5cbb..d1ebfd88c7 100755
--- a/t/t7811-grep-open.sh
+++ b/t/t7811-grep-open.sh
@@ -51,14 +51,13 @@ test_expect_success SIMPLEPAGER 'git grep -O' '
 	grep.h
 	EOF
 	echo grep.h >expect.notless &&
-	>empty &&
 
 	PATH=.:$PATH git grep -O GREP_PATTERN >out &&
 	{
 		test_cmp expect.less pager-args ||
 		test_cmp expect.notless pager-args
 	} &&
-	test_cmp empty out
+	test_must_be_empty out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git grep -O --cached' '
@@ -72,7 +71,6 @@ test_expect_success 'git grep -O --no-index' '
 	grep.h
 	untracked
 	EOF
-	>empty &&
 
 	(
 		GIT_PAGER='\''printf "%s\n" >pager-args'\'' &&
@@ -80,7 +78,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git grep -O --no-index' '
 		git grep --no-index -O GREP_PATTERN >out
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expect pager-args &&
-	test_cmp empty out
+	test_must_be_empty out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup: fake "less"' '
@@ -96,15 +94,14 @@ test_expect_success 'git grep -O jumps to line in less' '
 	+/*GREP_PATTERN
 	grep.h
 	EOF
-	>empty &&
 
 	GIT_PAGER=./less git grep -O GREP_PATTERN >out &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
-	test_cmp empty out &&
+	test_must_be_empty out &&
 
 	git grep -O./less GREP_PATTERN >out2 &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
-	test_cmp empty out2
+	test_must_be_empty out2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'modified file' '
@@ -122,7 +119,7 @@ test_expect_success 'modified file' '
 	test_when_finished "git checkout HEAD unrelated" &&
 	GIT_PAGER=./less git grep -F -O "enum grep_pat_token" >out &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
-	test_cmp empty out
+	test_must_be_empty out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'copes with color settings' '
@@ -138,7 +135,6 @@ test_expect_success 'copes with color settings' '
 test_expect_success 'run from subdir' '
 	rm -f actual &&
 	echo grep.c >expect &&
-	>empty &&
 
 	(
 		cd subdir &&
@@ -156,8 +152,8 @@ test_expect_success 'run from subdir' '
 		;;
 	esac &&
 	test_cmp expect args &&
-	test_cmp empty out &&
-	test_cmp empty out2
+	test_must_be_empty out &&
+	test_must_be_empty out2
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7812-grep-icase-non-ascii.sh b/t/t7812-grep-icase-non-ascii.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0c685d3598
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7812-grep-icase-non-ascii.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='grep icase on non-English locales'
+
+. ./lib-gettext.sh
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE 'setup' '
+	test_write_lines "TILRAUN: Halló Heimur!" >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	LC_ALL="$is_IS_locale" &&
+	export LC_ALL
+'
+
+test_have_prereq GETTEXT_LOCALE &&
+test-tool regex "HALLÓ" "Halló" ICASE &&
+test_set_prereq REGEX_LOCALE
+
+test_expect_success REGEX_LOCALE 'grep literal string, no -F' '
+	git grep -i "TILRAUN: Halló Heimur!" &&
+	git grep -i "TILRAUN: HALLÓ HEIMUR!"
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE,PCRE 'grep pcre utf-8 icase' '
+	git grep --perl-regexp    "TILRAUN: H.lló Heimur!" &&
+	git grep --perl-regexp -i "TILRAUN: H.lló Heimur!" &&
+	git grep --perl-regexp -i "TILRAUN: H.LLÓ HEIMUR!"
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE,PCRE 'grep pcre utf-8 string with "+"' '
+	test_write_lines "TILRAUN: Hallóó Heimur!" >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git grep -l --perl-regexp "TILRAUN: H.lló+ Heimur!" >actual &&
+	echo file >expected &&
+	echo file2 >>expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success REGEX_LOCALE 'grep literal string, with -F' '
+	git grep -i -F "TILRAUN: Halló Heimur!" &&
+	git grep -i -F "TILRAUN: HALLÓ HEIMUR!"
+'
+
+test_expect_success REGEX_LOCALE 'grep string with regex, with -F' '
+	test_write_lines "TILRAUN: Halló Heimur [abc]!" >file3 &&
+	git add file3 &&
+	git grep -i -F "TILRAUN: Halló Heimur [abc]!" file3
+'
+
+test_expect_success REGEX_LOCALE 'pickaxe -i on non-ascii' '
+	git commit -m first &&
+	git log --format=%f -i -S"TILRAUN: HALLÓ HEIMUR!" >actual &&
+	echo first >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7813-grep-icase-iso.sh b/t/t7813-grep-icase-iso.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..701e08a8e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7813-grep-icase-iso.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='grep icase on non-English locales'
+
+. ./lib-gettext.sh
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_ISO_LOCALE 'setup' '
+	printf "TILRAUN: Halló Heimur!" >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	LC_ALL="$is_IS_iso_locale" &&
+	export LC_ALL
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_ISO_LOCALE,PCRE 'grep pcre string' '
+	git grep --perl-regexp -i "TILRAUN: H.lló Heimur!" &&
+	git grep --perl-regexp -i "TILRAUN: H.LLÓ HEIMUR!"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7814-grep-recurse-submodules.sh b/t/t7814-grep-recurse-submodules.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7184113b9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7814-grep-recurse-submodules.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,383 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test grep recurse-submodules feature
+
+This test verifies the recurse-submodules feature correctly greps across
+submodules.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup directory structure and submodule' '
+	echo "(1|2)d(3|4)" >a &&
+	mkdir b &&
+	echo "(3|4)" >b/b &&
+	git add a b &&
+	git commit -m "add a and b" &&
+	git init submodule &&
+	echo "(1|2)d(3|4)" >submodule/a &&
+	git -C submodule add a &&
+	git -C submodule commit -m "add a" &&
+	git submodule add ./submodule &&
+	git commit -m "added submodule"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep correctly finds patterns in a submodule' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	b/b:(3|4)
+	submodule/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+
+	git grep -e "(3|4)" --recurse-submodules >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep finds patterns in a submodule via config' '
+	test_config submodule.recurse true &&
+	# expect from previous test
+	git grep -e "(3|4)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep --no-recurse-submodules overrides config' '
+	test_config submodule.recurse true &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	b/b:(3|4)
+	EOF
+
+	git grep -e "(3|4)" --no-recurse-submodules >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep and basic pathspecs' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	submodule/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+
+	git grep -e. --recurse-submodules -- submodule >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep and nested submodules' '
+	git init submodule/sub &&
+	echo "(1|2)d(3|4)" >submodule/sub/a &&
+	git -C submodule/sub add a &&
+	git -C submodule/sub commit -m "add a" &&
+	git -C submodule submodule add ./sub &&
+	git -C submodule add sub &&
+	git -C submodule commit -m "added sub" &&
+	git add submodule &&
+	git commit -m "updated submodule" &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	b/b:(3|4)
+	submodule/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	submodule/sub/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+
+	git grep -e "(3|4)" --recurse-submodules >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep and multiple patterns' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	submodule/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	submodule/sub/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+
+	git grep -e "(3|4)" --and -e "(1|2)" --recurse-submodules >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep and multiple patterns' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	b/b:(3|4)
+	EOF
+
+	git grep -e "(3|4)" --and --not -e "(1|2)" --recurse-submodules >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'basic grep tree' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	HEAD:a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	HEAD:b/b:(3|4)
+	HEAD:submodule/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	HEAD:submodule/sub/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+
+	git grep -e "(3|4)" --recurse-submodules HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep tree HEAD^' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	HEAD^:a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	HEAD^:b/b:(3|4)
+	HEAD^:submodule/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+
+	git grep -e "(3|4)" --recurse-submodules HEAD^ >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep tree HEAD^^' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	HEAD^^:a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	HEAD^^:b/b:(3|4)
+	EOF
+
+	git grep -e "(3|4)" --recurse-submodules HEAD^^ >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep tree and pathspecs' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	HEAD:submodule/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	HEAD:submodule/sub/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+
+	git grep -e "(3|4)" --recurse-submodules HEAD -- submodule >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep tree and pathspecs' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	HEAD:submodule/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	HEAD:submodule/sub/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+
+	git grep -e "(3|4)" --recurse-submodules HEAD -- "submodule*a" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep tree and more pathspecs' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	HEAD:submodule/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+
+	git grep -e "(3|4)" --recurse-submodules HEAD -- "submodul?/a" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep tree and more pathspecs' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	HEAD:submodule/sub/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+
+	git grep -e "(3|4)" --recurse-submodules HEAD -- "submodul*/sub/a" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success !MINGW 'grep recurse submodule colon in name' '
+	git init parent &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf parent" &&
+	echo "(1|2)d(3|4)" >"parent/fi:le" &&
+	git -C parent add "fi:le" &&
+	git -C parent commit -m "add fi:le" &&
+
+	git init "su:b" &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf su:b" &&
+	echo "(1|2)d(3|4)" >"su:b/fi:le" &&
+	git -C "su:b" add "fi:le" &&
+	git -C "su:b" commit -m "add fi:le" &&
+
+	git -C parent submodule add "../su:b" "su:b" &&
+	git -C parent commit -m "add submodule" &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	fi:le:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	su:b/fi:le:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+	git -C parent grep -e "(1|2)d(3|4)" --recurse-submodules >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	HEAD:fi:le:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	HEAD:su:b/fi:le:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+	git -C parent grep -e "(1|2)d(3|4)" --recurse-submodules HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep history with moved submoules' '
+	git init parent &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf parent" &&
+	echo "(1|2)d(3|4)" >parent/file &&
+	git -C parent add file &&
+	git -C parent commit -m "add file" &&
+
+	git init sub &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf sub" &&
+	echo "(1|2)d(3|4)" >sub/file &&
+	git -C sub add file &&
+	git -C sub commit -m "add file" &&
+
+	git -C parent submodule add ../sub dir/sub &&
+	git -C parent commit -m "add submodule" &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	dir/sub/file:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	file:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+	git -C parent grep -e "(1|2)d(3|4)" --recurse-submodules >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git -C parent mv dir/sub sub-moved &&
+	git -C parent commit -m "moved submodule" &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	file:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	sub-moved/file:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+	git -C parent grep -e "(1|2)d(3|4)" --recurse-submodules >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	HEAD^:dir/sub/file:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	HEAD^:file:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+	git -C parent grep -e "(1|2)d(3|4)" --recurse-submodules HEAD^ >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep using relative path' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf parent sub" &&
+	git init sub &&
+	echo "(1|2)d(3|4)" >sub/file &&
+	git -C sub add file &&
+	git -C sub commit -m "add file" &&
+
+	git init parent &&
+	echo "(1|2)d(3|4)" >parent/file &&
+	git -C parent add file &&
+	mkdir parent/src &&
+	echo "(1|2)d(3|4)" >parent/src/file2 &&
+	git -C parent add src/file2 &&
+	git -C parent submodule add ../sub &&
+	git -C parent commit -m "add files and submodule" &&
+
+	# From top works
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	file:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	src/file2:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	sub/file:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+	git -C parent grep --recurse-submodules -e "(1|2)d(3|4)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Relative path to top
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	../file:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	file2:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	../sub/file:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+	git -C parent/src grep --recurse-submodules -e "(1|2)d(3|4)" -- .. >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Relative path to submodule
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	../sub/file:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+	git -C parent/src grep --recurse-submodules -e "(1|2)d(3|4)" -- ../sub >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep from a subdir' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf parent sub" &&
+	git init sub &&
+	echo "(1|2)d(3|4)" >sub/file &&
+	git -C sub add file &&
+	git -C sub commit -m "add file" &&
+
+	git init parent &&
+	mkdir parent/src &&
+	echo "(1|2)d(3|4)" >parent/src/file &&
+	git -C parent add src/file &&
+	git -C parent submodule add ../sub src/sub &&
+	git -C parent submodule add ../sub sub &&
+	git -C parent commit -m "add files and submodules" &&
+
+	# Verify grep from root works
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	src/file:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	src/sub/file:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	sub/file:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+	git -C parent grep --recurse-submodules -e "(1|2)d(3|4)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Verify grep from a subdir works
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	file:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	sub/file:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+	git -C parent/src grep --recurse-submodules -e "(1|2)d(3|4)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_incompatible_with_recurse_submodules ()
+{
+	test_expect_success "--recurse-submodules and $1 are incompatible" "
+		test_must_fail git grep -e. --recurse-submodules $1 2>actual &&
+		test_i18ngrep 'not supported with --recurse-submodules' actual
+	"
+}
+
+test_incompatible_with_recurse_submodules --untracked
+test_incompatible_with_recurse_submodules --no-index
+
+test_expect_success 'grep --recurse-submodules should pass the pattern type along' '
+	# Fixed
+	test_must_fail git grep -F --recurse-submodules -e "(.|.)[\d]" &&
+	test_must_fail git -c grep.patternType=fixed grep --recurse-submodules -e "(.|.)[\d]" &&
+
+	# Basic
+	git grep -G --recurse-submodules -e "(.|.)[\d]" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	submodule/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	submodule/sub/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -c grep.patternType=basic grep --recurse-submodules -e "(.|.)[\d]" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Extended
+	git grep -E --recurse-submodules -e "(.|.)[\d]" >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	.gitmodules:[submodule "submodule"]
+	.gitmodules:	path = submodule
+	.gitmodules:	url = ./submodule
+	a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	submodule/.gitmodules:[submodule "sub"]
+	submodule/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	submodule/sub/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -c grep.patternType=extended grep --recurse-submodules -e "(.|.)[\d]" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git -c grep.extendedRegexp=true grep --recurse-submodules -e "(.|.)[\d]" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Perl
+	if test_have_prereq PCRE
+	then
+		git grep -P --recurse-submodules -e "(.|.)[\d]" >actual &&
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+		b/b:(3|4)
+		submodule/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+		submodule/sub/a:(1|2)d(3|4)
+		EOF
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		git -c grep.patternType=perl grep --recurse-submodules -e "(.|.)[\d]" >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	fi
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t8002-blame.sh b/t/t8002-blame.sh
index 5cdf3f178e..380e1c1054 100755
--- a/t/t8002-blame.sh
+++ b/t/t8002-blame.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,11 @@ test_description='git blame'
 PROG='git blame -c'
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/annotate-tests.sh
 
+test_expect_success 'blame untracked file in empty repo' '
+	>untracked &&
+	test_must_fail git blame untracked
+'
+
 PROG='git blame -c -e'
 test_expect_success 'blame --show-email' '
 	check_count \
@@ -19,4 +24,98 @@ test_expect_success 'blame --show-email' '
 		"<E at test dot git>" 1
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'setup showEmail tests' '
+	echo "bin: test number 1" >one &&
+	git add one &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=name1 \
+	GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=email1@test.git \
+	git commit -m First --date="2010-01-01 01:00:00" &&
+	cat >expected_n <<-\EOF &&
+	(name1 2010-01-01 01:00:00 +0000 1) bin: test number 1
+	EOF
+	cat >expected_e <<-\EOF
+	(<email1@test.git> 2010-01-01 01:00:00 +0000 1) bin: test number 1
+	EOF
+'
+
+find_blame () {
+	sed -e 's/^[^(]*//'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'blame with no options and no config' '
+	git blame one >blame &&
+	find_blame <blame >result &&
+	test_cmp expected_n result
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame with showemail options' '
+	git blame --show-email one >blame1 &&
+	find_blame <blame1 >result &&
+	test_cmp expected_e result &&
+	git blame -e one >blame2 &&
+	find_blame <blame2 >result &&
+	test_cmp expected_e result &&
+	git blame --no-show-email one >blame3 &&
+	find_blame <blame3 >result &&
+	test_cmp expected_n result
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame with showEmail config false' '
+	git config blame.showEmail false &&
+	git blame one >blame1 &&
+	find_blame <blame1 >result &&
+	test_cmp expected_n result &&
+	git blame --show-email one >blame2 &&
+	find_blame <blame2 >result &&
+	test_cmp expected_e result &&
+	git blame -e one >blame3 &&
+	find_blame <blame3 >result &&
+	test_cmp expected_e result &&
+	git blame --no-show-email one >blame4 &&
+	find_blame <blame4 >result &&
+	test_cmp expected_n result
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame with showEmail config true' '
+	git config blame.showEmail true &&
+	git blame one >blame1 &&
+	find_blame <blame1 >result &&
+	test_cmp expected_e result &&
+	git blame --no-show-email one >blame2 &&
+	find_blame <blame2 >result &&
+	test_cmp expected_n result
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up abbrev tests' '
+	test_commit abbrev &&
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	check_abbrev () {
+		expect=$1; shift
+		echo $sha1 | cut -c 1-$expect >expect &&
+		git blame "$@" abbrev.t >actual &&
+		perl -lne "/[0-9a-f]+/ and print \$&" <actual >actual.sha &&
+		test_cmp expect actual.sha
+	}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame --abbrev=<n> works' '
+	# non-boundary commits get +1 for alignment
+	check_abbrev 31 --abbrev=30 HEAD &&
+	check_abbrev 30 --abbrev=30 ^HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame -l aligns regular and boundary commits' '
+	check_abbrev 40 -l HEAD &&
+	check_abbrev 39 -l ^HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame --abbrev=40 behaves like -l' '
+	check_abbrev 40 --abbrev=40 HEAD &&
+	check_abbrev 39 --abbrev=40 ^HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-abbrev works like --abbrev=40' '
+	check_abbrev 40 --no-abbrev
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t8003-blame-corner-cases.sh b/t/t8003-blame-corner-cases.sh
index 32895e5acb..c92a47b6d5 100755
--- a/t/t8003-blame-corner-cases.sh
+++ b/t/t8003-blame-corner-cases.sh
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	test_tick &&
 	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=Fourth git commit -m Fourth &&
 
-	{
-		echo ABC
-		echo DEF
-		echo XXXX
-		echo GHIJK
-	} >cow &&
+	cat >cow <<-\EOF &&
+	ABC
+	DEF
+	XXXX
+	GHIJK
+	EOF
 	git add cow &&
 	test_tick &&
 	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=Fifth git commit -m Fifth
@@ -115,11 +115,11 @@ test_expect_success 'append with -C -C -C' '
 test_expect_success 'blame wholesale copy' '
 
 	git blame -f -C -C1 HEAD^ -- cow | sed -e "$pick_fc" >current &&
-	{
-		echo mouse-Initial
-		echo mouse-Second
-		echo mouse-Third
-	} >expected &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	mouse-Initial
+	mouse-Second
+	mouse-Third
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected current
 
 '
@@ -127,16 +127,61 @@ test_expect_success 'blame wholesale copy' '
 test_expect_success 'blame wholesale copy and more' '
 
 	git blame -f -C -C1 HEAD -- cow | sed -e "$pick_fc" >current &&
-	{
-		echo mouse-Initial
-		echo mouse-Second
-		echo cow-Fifth
-		echo mouse-Third
-	} >expected &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	mouse-Initial
+	mouse-Second
+	cow-Fifth
+	mouse-Third
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected current
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'blame wholesale copy and more in the index' '
+
+	cat >horse <<-\EOF &&
+	ABC
+	DEF
+	XXXX
+	YYYY
+	GHIJK
+	EOF
+	git add horse &&
+	test_when_finished "git rm -f horse" &&
+	git blame -f -C -C1 -- horse | sed -e "$pick_fc" >current &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	mouse-Initial
+	mouse-Second
+	cow-Fifth
+	horse-Not
+	mouse-Third
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected current
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame during cherry-pick with file rename conflict' '
+
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard && git checkout master" &&
+	git checkout HEAD~3 &&
+	echo MOUSE >> mouse &&
+	git mv mouse rodent &&
+	git add rodent &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=Rodent git commit -m "rodent" &&
+	git checkout --detach master &&
+	(git cherry-pick HEAD@{1} || test $? -eq 1) &&
+	git show HEAD@{1}:rodent > rodent &&
+	git add rodent &&
+	git blame -f -C -C1 rodent | sed -e "$pick_fc" >current &&
+	cat current &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	mouse-Initial
+	mouse-Second
+	rodent-Not
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'blame path that used to be a directory' '
 	mkdir path &&
 	echo A A A A A >path/file &&
@@ -153,7 +198,7 @@ test_expect_success 'blame path that used to be a directory' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'blame to a commit with no author name' '
-  TREE=`git rev-parse HEAD:` &&
+  TREE=$(git rev-parse HEAD:) &&
   cat >badcommit <<EOF &&
 tree $TREE
 author <noname> 1234567890 +0000
@@ -161,24 +206,28 @@ committer David Reiss <dreiss@facebook.com> 1234567890 +0000
 
 some message
 EOF
-  COMMIT=`git hash-object -t commit -w badcommit` &&
+  COMMIT=$(git hash-object -t commit -w badcommit) &&
   git --no-pager blame $COMMIT -- uno >/dev/null
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'blame -L with invalid start' '
 	test_must_fail git blame -L5 tres 2>errors &&
-	grep "has only 2 lines" errors
+	test_i18ngrep "has only 2 lines" errors
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'blame -L with invalid end' '
-	test_must_fail git blame -L1,5 tres 2>errors &&
-	grep "has only 2 lines" errors
+	git blame -L1,5 tres >out &&
+	test_line_count = 2 out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'blame parses <end> part of -L' '
 	git blame -L1,1 tres >out &&
-	cat out &&
-	test $(wc -l < out) -eq 1
+	test_line_count = 1 out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame -Ln,-(n+1)' '
+	git blame -L3,-4 nine_lines >out &&
+	test_line_count = 3 out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'indent of line numbers, nine lines' '
@@ -191,12 +240,38 @@ test_expect_success 'indent of line numbers, ten lines' '
 	test $(grep -c "  " actual) = 9
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'blaming files with CRLF newlines' '
+test_expect_success 'setup file with CRLF newlines' '
 	git config core.autocrlf false &&
-	printf "testcase\r\n" >crlffile &&
+	printf "testcase\n" >crlffile &&
 	git add crlffile &&
 	git commit -m testcase &&
-	git -c core.autocrlf=input blame crlffile >actual &&
+	printf "testcase\r\n" >crlffile
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame file with CRLF core.autocrlf true' '
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
+	git blame crlffile >actual &&
+	grep "A U Thor" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame file with CRLF attributes text' '
+	git config core.autocrlf false &&
+	echo "crlffile text" >.gitattributes &&
+	git blame crlffile >actual &&
+	grep "A U Thor" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame file with CRLF core.autocrlf=true' '
+	git config core.autocrlf false &&
+	printf "testcase\r\n" >crlfinrepo &&
+	>.gitattributes &&
+	git add crlfinrepo &&
+	git commit -m "add crlfinrepo" &&
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
+	mv crlfinrepo tmp &&
+	git checkout crlfinrepo &&
+	rm tmp &&
+	git blame crlfinrepo >actual &&
 	grep "A U Thor" actual
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t8005-blame-i18n.sh b/t/t8005-blame-i18n.sh
index 847d098c09..75da219ed1 100755
--- a/t/t8005-blame-i18n.sh
+++ b/t/t8005-blame-i18n.sh
@@ -33,11 +33,15 @@ author $SJIS_NAME
 summary $SJIS_MSG
 EOF
 
+filter_author_summary () {
+	sed -n -e '/^author /p' -e '/^summary /p' "$@"
+}
+
 test_expect_success !MINGW \
 	'blame respects i18n.commitencoding' '
-	git blame --incremental file | \
-		egrep "^(author|summary) " > actual &&
-	test_cmp actual expected
+	git blame --incremental file >output &&
+	filter_author_summary output >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
@@ -52,9 +56,9 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success !MINGW \
 	'blame respects i18n.logoutputencoding' '
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding eucJP &&
-	git blame --incremental file | \
-		egrep "^(author|summary) " > actual &&
-	test_cmp actual expected
+	git blame --incremental file >output &&
+	filter_author_summary output >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
@@ -68,9 +72,9 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success !MINGW \
 	'blame respects --encoding=UTF-8' '
-	git blame --incremental --encoding=UTF-8 file | \
-		egrep "^(author|summary) " > actual &&
-	test_cmp actual expected
+	git blame --incremental --encoding=UTF-8 file >output &&
+	filter_author_summary output >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
@@ -84,9 +88,9 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success !MINGW \
 	'blame respects --encoding=none' '
-	git blame --incremental --encoding=none file | \
-		egrep "^(author|summary) " > actual &&
-	test_cmp actual expected
+	git blame --incremental --encoding=none file >output &&
+	filter_author_summary output >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t8008-blame-formats.sh b/t/t8008-blame-formats.sh
index 29f84a6dd1..ae4b579d24 100755
--- a/t/t8008-blame-formats.sh
+++ b/t/t8008-blame-formats.sh
@@ -12,22 +12,25 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	echo c >>file &&
 	echo d >>file &&
 	test_tick &&
-	git commit -a -m two
+	git commit -a -m two &&
+	ID1=$(git rev-parse HEAD^) &&
+	shortID1="^$(git rev-parse HEAD^ |cut -c 1-17)" &&
+	ID2=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	shortID2="$(git rev-parse HEAD |cut -c 1-18)"
 '
 
-cat >expect <<'EOF'
-^baf5e0b (A U Thor 2005-04-07 15:13:13 -0700 1) a
-8825379d (A U Thor 2005-04-07 15:14:13 -0700 2) b
-8825379d (A U Thor 2005-04-07 15:14:13 -0700 3) c
-8825379d (A U Thor 2005-04-07 15:14:13 -0700 4) d
+cat >expect <<EOF
+$shortID1 (A U Thor 2005-04-07 15:13:13 -0700 1) a
+$shortID2 (A U Thor 2005-04-07 15:14:13 -0700 2) b
+$shortID2 (A U Thor 2005-04-07 15:14:13 -0700 3) c
+$shortID2 (A U Thor 2005-04-07 15:14:13 -0700 4) d
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'normal blame output' '
-	git blame file >actual &&
+	git blame --abbrev=17 file >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-ID1=baf5e0b3869e0b2b2beb395a3720c7b51eac94fc
-COMMIT1='author A U Thor
+COMMIT1="author A U Thor
 author-mail <author@example.com>
 author-time 1112911993
 author-tz -0700
@@ -37,9 +40,8 @@ committer-time 1112911993
 committer-tz -0700
 summary one
 boundary
-filename file'
-ID2=8825379dfb8a1267b58e8e5bcf69eec838f685ec
-COMMIT2='author A U Thor
+filename file"
+COMMIT2="author A U Thor
 author-mail <author@example.com>
 author-time 1112912053
 author-tz -0700
@@ -48,8 +50,8 @@ committer-mail <committer@example.com>
 committer-time 1112912053
 committer-tz -0700
 summary two
-previous baf5e0b3869e0b2b2beb395a3720c7b51eac94fc file
-filename file'
+previous $ID1 file
+filename file"
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 $ID1 1 1 1
@@ -87,4 +89,21 @@ test_expect_success 'blame --line-porcelain output' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--porcelain detects first non-blank line as subject' '
+	(
+		GIT_INDEX_FILE=.git/tmp-index &&
+		export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
+		echo "This is it" >single-file &&
+		git add single-file &&
+		tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+		commit=$(printf "%s\n%s\n%s\n\n\n  \noneline\n\nbody\n" \
+			"tree $tree" \
+			"author A <a@b.c> 123456789 +0000" \
+			"committer C <c@d.e> 123456789 +0000" |
+		git hash-object -w -t commit --stdin) &&
+		git blame --porcelain $commit -- single-file >output &&
+		grep "^summary oneline$" output
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t8009-blame-vs-topicbranches.sh b/t/t8009-blame-vs-topicbranches.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..72596e38b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t8009-blame-vs-topicbranches.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='blaming trough history with topic branches'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Creates the history shown below. '*'s mark the first parent in the merges.
+# The only line of file.t is changed in commit B2
+#
+#        +---C1
+#       /      \
+# A0--A1--*A2--*A3
+#   \     /
+#    B1-B2
+#
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_commit A0 file.t line0 &&
+	test_commit A1 &&
+	git reset --hard A0 &&
+	test_commit B1 &&
+	test_commit B2 file.t line0changed &&
+	git reset --hard A1 &&
+	test_merge A2 B2 &&
+	git reset --hard A1 &&
+	test_commit C1 &&
+	git reset --hard A2 &&
+	test_merge A3 C1
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame --reverse --first-parent finds A1' '
+	git blame --porcelain --reverse --first-parent A0..A3 -- file.t >actual_full &&
+	head -n 1 <actual_full | sed -e "s/ .*//" >actual &&
+	git rev-parse A1 >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t8010-cat-file-filters.sh b/t/t8010-cat-file-filters.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..31de4b64dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t8010-cat-file-filters.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git cat-file filters support'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup ' '
+	echo "*.txt eol=crlf diff=txt" >.gitattributes &&
+	echo "hello" | append_cr >world.txt &&
+	git add .gitattributes world.txt &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Initial commit"
+'
+
+has_cr () {
+	tr '\015' Q <"$1" | grep Q >/dev/null
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'no filters with `git show`' '
+	git show HEAD:world.txt >actual &&
+	! has_cr actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no filters with cat-file' '
+	git cat-file blob HEAD:world.txt >actual &&
+	! has_cr actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cat-file --filters converts to worktree version' '
+	git cat-file --filters HEAD:world.txt >actual &&
+	has_cr actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cat-file --filters --path=<path> works' '
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse -q --verify HEAD:world.txt) &&
+	git cat-file --filters --path=world.txt $sha1 >actual &&
+	has_cr actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cat-file --textconv --path=<path> works' '
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse -q --verify HEAD:world.txt) &&
+	test_config diff.txt.textconv "tr A-Za-z N-ZA-Mn-za-m <" &&
+	git cat-file --textconv --path=hello.txt $sha1 >rot13 &&
+	test uryyb = "$(cat rot13 | remove_cr)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--path=<path> complains without --textconv/--filters' '
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse -q --verify HEAD:world.txt) &&
+	test_must_fail git cat-file --path=hello.txt blob $sha1 >actual 2>err &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual &&
+	grep "path.*needs.*filters" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--textconv/--filters complain without path' '
+	test_must_fail git cat-file --textconv HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git cat-file --filters HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cat-file --textconv --batch works' '
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse -q --verify HEAD:world.txt) &&
+	test_config diff.txt.textconv "tr A-Za-z N-ZA-Mn-za-m <" &&
+	printf "%s hello.txt\n%s hello\n" $sha1 $sha1 |
+	git cat-file --textconv --batch >actual &&
+	printf "%s blob 6\nuryyb\r\n\n%s blob 6\nhello\n\n" \
+		$sha1 $sha1 >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t8011-blame-split-file.sh b/t/t8011-blame-split-file.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..831125047b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t8011-blame-split-file.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='
+The general idea is that we have a single file whose lines come from
+multiple other files, and those individual files were modified in the same
+commits. That means that we will see the same commit in multiple contexts,
+and each one should be attributed to the correct file.
+
+Note that we need to use "blame -C" to find the commit for all lines. We will
+not bother testing that the non-C case fails to find it. That is how blame
+behaves now, but it is not a property we want to make sure is retained.
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# help avoid typing and reading long strings of similar lines
+# in the tests below
+generate_expect () {
+	while read nr data
+	do
+		i=0
+		while test $i -lt $nr
+		do
+			echo $data
+			i=$((i + 1))
+		done
+	done
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup split file case' '
+	# use lines long enough to trigger content detection
+	test_seq 1000 1010 >one &&
+	test_seq 2000 2010 >two &&
+	git add one two &&
+	test_commit base &&
+
+	sed "6s/^/modified /" <one >one.tmp &&
+	mv one.tmp one &&
+	sed "6s/^/modified /" <two >two.tmp &&
+	mv two.tmp two &&
+	git add -u &&
+	test_commit modified &&
+
+	cat one two >combined &&
+	git add combined &&
+	git rm one two &&
+	test_commit combined
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup simulated porcelain' '
+	# This just reads porcelain-ish output and tries
+	# to output the value of a given field for each line (either by
+	# reading the field that accompanies this line, or referencing
+	# the information found last time the commit was mentioned).
+	cat >read-porcelain.pl <<-\EOF
+	my $field = shift;
+	while (<>) {
+		if (/^[0-9a-f]{40} /) {
+			flush();
+			$hash = $&;
+		} elsif (/^$field (.*)/) {
+			$cache{$hash} = $1;
+		}
+	}
+	flush();
+
+	sub flush {
+		return unless defined $hash;
+		if (defined $cache{$hash}) {
+			print "$cache{$hash}\n";
+		} else {
+			print "NONE\n";
+		}
+	}
+	EOF
+'
+
+for output in porcelain line-porcelain
+do
+	test_expect_success "generate --$output output" '
+		git blame --root -C --$output combined >output
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "$output output finds correct commits" '
+		generate_expect >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		5 base
+		1 modified
+		10 base
+		1 modified
+		5 base
+		EOF
+		perl read-porcelain.pl summary <output >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "$output output shows correct filenames" '
+		generate_expect >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		11 one
+		11 two
+		EOF
+		perl read-porcelain.pl filename <output >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "$output output shows correct previous pointer" '
+		generate_expect >expect <<-EOF &&
+		5 NONE
+		1 $(git rev-parse modified^) one
+		10 NONE
+		1 $(git rev-parse modified^) two
+		5 NONE
+		EOF
+		perl read-porcelain.pl previous <output >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+done
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t8012-blame-colors.sh b/t/t8012-blame-colors.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ed38f74de9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t8012-blame-colors.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='colored git blame'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+PROG='git blame -c'
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/annotate-tests.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'colored blame colors contiguous lines' '
+	git -c color.blame.repeatedLines=yellow blame --color-lines --abbrev=12 hello.c >actual.raw &&
+	git -c color.blame.repeatedLines=yellow -c blame.coloring=repeatedLines blame --abbrev=12 hello.c >actual.raw.2 &&
+	test_cmp actual.raw actual.raw.2 &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	grep "<YELLOW>" <actual >darkened &&
+	grep "(F" darkened > F.expect &&
+	grep "(H" darkened > H.expect &&
+	test_line_count = 2 F.expect &&
+	test_line_count = 3 H.expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'color by age consistently colors old code' '
+	git blame --color-by-age hello.c >actual.raw &&
+	git -c blame.coloring=highlightRecent blame hello.c >actual.raw.2 &&
+	test_cmp actual.raw actual.raw.2 &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+	grep "<BLUE>" <actual >colored &&
+	test_line_count = 10 colored
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame color by age: new code is different' '
+	cat >>hello.c <<-EOF &&
+		void qfunc();
+	EOF
+	git add hello.c &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="" git commit -m "new commit" &&
+
+	git -c color.blame.highlightRecent="yellow,1 month ago, cyan" blame --color-by-age hello.c >actual.raw &&
+	test_decode_color <actual.raw >actual &&
+
+	grep "<YELLOW>" <actual >colored &&
+	test_line_count = 10 colored &&
+
+	grep "<CYAN>" <actual >colored &&
+	test_line_count = 1 colored &&
+	grep qfunc colored
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9001-send-email.sh b/t/t9001-send-email.sh
index c9f54d5a5e..1ef1a19003 100755
--- a/t/t9001-send-email.sh
+++ b/t/t9001-send-email.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,12 @@ test_description='git send-email'
 # May be altered later in the test
 PREREQ="PERL"
 
+replace_variable_fields () {
+	sed	-e "s/^\(Date:\).*/\1 DATE-STRING/" \
+		-e "s/^\(Message-Id:\).*/\1 MESSAGE-ID-STRING/" \
+		-e "s/^\(X-Mailer:\).*/\1 X-MAILER-STRING/"
+}
+
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'prepare reference tree' '
 	echo "1A quick brown fox jumps over the" >file &&
 	echo "lazy dog" >>file &&
@@ -36,7 +42,7 @@ clean_fake_sendmail () {
 }
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'Extract patches' '
-	patches=`git format-patch -s --cc="One <one@example.com>" --cc=two@example.com -n HEAD^1`
+	patches=$(git format-patch -s --cc="One <one@example.com>" --cc=two@example.com -n HEAD^1)
 '
 
 # Test no confirm early to ensure remaining tests will not hang
@@ -50,7 +56,7 @@ test_no_confirm () {
 		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
 		$@ \
 		$patches >stdout &&
-		test_must_fail grep "Send this email" stdout &&
+		! grep "Send this email" stdout &&
 		>no_confirm_okay
 }
 
@@ -140,6 +146,57 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ 'Verify commandline' '
 	test_cmp expected commandline1
 '
 
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'setup expect for cc trailer' "
+cat >expected-cc <<\EOF
+!recipient@example.com!
+!author@example.com!
+!one@example.com!
+!two@example.com!
+!three@example.com!
+!four@example.com!
+!five@example.com!
+!six@example.com!
+EOF
+"
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'cc trailer with various syntax' '
+	test_commit cc-trailer &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard HEAD^" &&
+	git commit --amend -F - <<-EOF &&
+	Test Cc: trailers.
+
+	Cc: one@example.com
+	Cc: <two@example.com> # trailing comments are ignored
+	Cc: <three@example.com>, <not.four@example.com> one address per line
+	Cc: "Some # Body" <four@example.com> [ <also.a.comment> ]
+	Cc: five@example.com # not.six@example.com
+	Cc: six@example.com, not.seven@example.com
+	EOF
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	git send-email -1 --to=recipient@example.com \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" &&
+	test_cmp expected-cc commandline1
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'setup fake get_maintainer.pl script for cc trailer' "
+	write_script expected-cc-script.sh <<-EOF
+	echo 'One Person <one@example.com> (supporter:THIS (FOO/bar))'
+	echo 'Two Person <two@example.com> (maintainer:THIS THING)'
+	echo 'Third List <three@example.com> (moderated list:THIS THING (FOO/bar))'
+	echo '<four@example.com> (moderated list:FOR THING)'
+	echo 'five@example.com (open list:FOR THING (FOO/bar))'
+	echo 'six@example.com (open list)'
+	EOF
+"
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'cc trailer with get_maintainer.pl output' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	git send-email -1 --to=recipient@example.com \
+		--cc-cmd=./expected-cc-script.sh \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" &&
+	test_cmp expected-cc commandline1
+'
+
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'setup expect' "
 cat >expected-show-all-headers <<\EOF
 0001-Second.patch
@@ -167,6 +224,9 @@ Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
 X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
 In-Reply-To: <unique-message-id@example.com>
 References: <unique-message-id@example.com>
+Reply-To: Reply <reply@example.com>
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 Result: OK
 EOF
@@ -193,10 +253,9 @@ test_suppress_self () {
 
 	mv msgtxt1 msgtxt1-$3 &&
 	sed -e '/^$/q' msgtxt1-$3 >"msghdr1-$3" &&
-	>"expected-no-cc-$3" &&
 
 	(grep '^Cc:' msghdr1-$3 >"actual-no-cc-$3";
-	 test_cmp expected-no-cc-$3 actual-no-cc-$3)
+	 test_must_be_empty actual-no-cc-$3)
 }
 
 test_suppress_self_unquoted () {
@@ -259,22 +318,20 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ 'Show all headers' '
 		--dry-run \
 		--suppress-cc=sob \
 		--from="Example <from@example.com>" \
+		--reply-to="Reply <reply@example.com>" \
 		--to=to@example.com \
 		--cc=cc@example.com \
 		--bcc=bcc@example.com \
 		--in-reply-to="<unique-message-id@example.com>" \
 		--smtp-server relay.example.com \
-		$patches |
-	sed	-e "s/^\(Date:\).*/\1 DATE-STRING/" \
-		-e "s/^\(Message-Id:\).*/\1 MESSAGE-ID-STRING/" \
-		-e "s/^\(X-Mailer:\).*/\1 X-MAILER-STRING/" \
+		$patches | replace_variable_fields \
 		>actual-show-all-headers &&
 	test_cmp expected-show-all-headers actual-show-all-headers
 '
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'Prompting works' '
 	clean_fake_sendmail &&
-	(echo "to@example.com"
+	(echo "to@example.com" &&
 	 echo ""
 	) | GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 git send-email \
 		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
@@ -312,13 +369,19 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ,!AUTOIDENT 'broken implicit ident aborts send-email'
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'setup tocmd and cccmd scripts' '
+	write_script tocmd-sed <<-\EOF &&
+	sed -n -e "s/^tocmd--//p" "$1"
+	EOF
+	write_script cccmd-sed <<-\EOF
+	sed -n -e "s/^cccmd--//p" "$1"
+	EOF
+'
+
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'tocmd works' '
 	clean_fake_sendmail &&
 	cp $patches tocmd.patch &&
 	echo tocmd--tocmd@example.com >>tocmd.patch &&
-	write_script tocmd-sed <<-\EOF &&
-	sed -n -e "s/^tocmd--//p" "$1"
-	EOF
 	git send-email \
 		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
 		--to-cmd=./tocmd-sed \
@@ -332,9 +395,6 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ 'cccmd works' '
 	clean_fake_sendmail &&
 	cp $patches cccmd.patch &&
 	echo "cccmd--  cccmd@example.com" >>cccmd.patch &&
-	write_script cccmd-sed <<-\EOF &&
-	sed -n -e "s/^cccmd--//p" "$1"
-	EOF
 	git send-email \
 		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
 		--to=nobody@example.com \
@@ -356,6 +416,7 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ 'reject long lines' '
 		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
 		--to=nobody@example.com \
 		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		--transfer-encoding=8bit \
 		$patches longline.patch \
 		2>errors &&
 	grep longline.patch errors
@@ -397,6 +458,42 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ 'allow long lines with --no-validate' '
 		2>errors
 '
 
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'short lines with auto encoding are 8bit' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	git send-email \
+		--from="A <author@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		--transfer-encoding=auto \
+		$patches &&
+	grep "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit" msgtxt1
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'long lines with auto encoding are quoted-printable' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		--transfer-encoding=auto \
+		--no-validate \
+		longline.patch &&
+	grep "Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable" msgtxt1
+'
+
+for enc in auto quoted-printable base64
+do
+	test_expect_success $PREREQ "--validate passes with encoding $enc" '
+		git send-email \
+			--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+			--to=nobody@example.com \
+			--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+			--transfer-encoding=$enc \
+			--validate \
+			$patches longline.patch
+	'
+done
+
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'Invalid In-Reply-To' '
 	clean_fake_sendmail &&
 	git send-email \
@@ -411,8 +508,8 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ 'Invalid In-Reply-To' '
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'Valid In-Reply-To when prompting' '
 	clean_fake_sendmail &&
-	(echo "From Example <from@example.com>"
-	 echo "To Example <to@example.com>"
+	(echo "From Example <from@example.com>" &&
+	 echo "To Example <to@example.com>" &&
 	 echo ""
 	) | GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 git send-email \
 		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
@@ -514,6 +611,8 @@ Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
 Date: DATE-STRING
 Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
 X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 Result: OK
 EOF
@@ -526,10 +625,7 @@ test_suppression () {
 		--from="Example <from@example.com>" \
 		--to=to@example.com \
 		--smtp-server relay.example.com \
-		$patches |
-	sed	-e "s/^\(Date:\).*/\1 DATE-STRING/" \
-		-e "s/^\(Message-Id:\).*/\1 MESSAGE-ID-STRING/" \
-		-e "s/^\(X-Mailer:\).*/\1 X-MAILER-STRING/" \
+		$patches | replace_variable_fields \
 		>actual-suppress-$1${2+"-$2"} &&
 	test_cmp expected-suppress-$1${2+"-$2"} actual-suppress-$1${2+"-$2"}
 }
@@ -561,6 +657,8 @@ Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
 Date: DATE-STRING
 Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
 X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 Result: OK
 EOF
@@ -596,6 +694,8 @@ Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
 Date: DATE-STRING
 Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
 X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 Result: OK
 EOF
@@ -622,6 +722,8 @@ Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
 Date: DATE-STRING
 Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
 X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 Result: OK
 EOF
@@ -656,6 +758,8 @@ Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
 Date: DATE-STRING
 Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
 X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 Result: OK
 EOF
@@ -687,6 +791,8 @@ Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
 Date: DATE-STRING
 Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
 X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 Result: OK
 EOF
@@ -718,6 +824,8 @@ Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
 Date: DATE-STRING
 Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
 X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 Result: OK
 EOF
@@ -753,6 +861,8 @@ Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
 Date: DATE-STRING
 Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
 X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 Result: OK
 EOF
@@ -781,6 +891,8 @@ Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
 Date: DATE-STRING
 Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
 X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 Result: OK
 EOF
@@ -817,25 +929,20 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ '--confirm=compose' '
 	test_confirm --confirm=compose --compose
 '
 
-save_confirm () {
-	CONFIRM=$(git config --get sendemail.confirm) &&
-	test_when_finished "git config sendemail.confirm ${CONFIRM:-never}"
-}
-
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'confirm by default (due to cc)' '
-	save_confirm &&
+	test_when_finished git config sendemail.confirm never &&
 	git config --unset sendemail.confirm &&
 	test_confirm
 '
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'confirm by default (due to --compose)' '
-	save_confirm &&
+	test_when_finished git config sendemail.confirm never &&
 	git config --unset sendemail.confirm &&
 	test_confirm --suppress-cc=all --compose
 '
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'confirm detects EOF (inform assumes y)' '
-	save_confirm &&
+	test_when_finished git config sendemail.confirm never &&
 	git config --unset sendemail.confirm &&
 	rm -fr outdir &&
 	git format-patch -2 -o outdir &&
@@ -848,7 +955,7 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ 'confirm detects EOF (inform assumes y)' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'confirm detects EOF (auto causes failure)' '
-	save_confirm &&
+	test_when_finished git config sendemail.confirm never &&
 	git config sendemail.confirm auto &&
 	GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 &&
 	export GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY &&
@@ -860,7 +967,7 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ 'confirm detects EOF (auto causes failure)' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'confirm does not loop forever' '
-	save_confirm &&
+	test_when_finished git config sendemail.confirm never &&
 	git config sendemail.confirm auto &&
 	GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 &&
 	export GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY &&
@@ -1150,7 +1257,7 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ '--no-bcc overrides sendemail.bcc' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'patches To headers are used by default' '
-	patch=`git format-patch -1 --to="bodies@example.com"` &&
+	patch=$(git format-patch -1 --to="bodies@example.com") &&
 	test_when_finished "rm $patch" &&
 	git send-email \
 		--dry-run \
@@ -1161,7 +1268,7 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ 'patches To headers are used by default' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'patches To headers are appended to' '
-	patch=`git format-patch -1 --to="bodies@example.com"` &&
+	patch=$(git format-patch -1 --to="bodies@example.com") &&
 	test_when_finished "rm $patch" &&
 	git send-email \
 		--dry-run \
@@ -1174,8 +1281,8 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ 'patches To headers are appended to' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'To headers from files reset each patch' '
-	patch1=`git format-patch -1 --to="bodies@example.com"` &&
-	patch2=`git format-patch -1 --to="other@example.com" HEAD~` &&
+	patch1=$(git format-patch -1 --to="bodies@example.com") &&
+	patch2=$(git format-patch -1 --to="other@example.com" HEAD~) &&
 	test_when_finished "rm $patch1 && rm $patch2" &&
 	git send-email \
 		--dry-run \
@@ -1233,7 +1340,7 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ 'asks about and fixes 8bit encodings' '
 	grep email-using-8bit stdout &&
 	grep "Which 8bit encoding" stdout &&
 	egrep "Content|MIME" msgtxt1 >actual &&
-	test_cmp actual content-type-decl
+	test_cmp content-type-decl actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'sendemail.8bitEncoding works' '
@@ -1244,7 +1351,7 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ 'sendemail.8bitEncoding works' '
 			--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
 			email-using-8bit >stdout &&
 	egrep "Content|MIME" msgtxt1 >actual &&
-	test_cmp actual content-type-decl
+	test_cmp content-type-decl actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ '--8bit-encoding overrides sendemail.8bitEncoding' '
@@ -1256,7 +1363,7 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ '--8bit-encoding overrides sendemail.8bitEncoding' '
 			--8bit-encoding=UTF-8 \
 			email-using-8bit >stdout &&
 	egrep "Content|MIME" msgtxt1 >actual &&
-	test_cmp actual content-type-decl
+	test_cmp content-type-decl actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'setup expect' '
@@ -1487,7 +1594,7 @@ test_cover_addresses () {
 	clean_fake_sendmail &&
 	rm -fr outdir &&
 	git format-patch --cover-letter -2 -o outdir &&
-	cover=`echo outdir/0000-*.patch` &&
+	cover=$(echo outdir/0000-*.patch) &&
 	mv $cover cover-to-edit.patch &&
 	perl -pe "s/^From:/$header: extra\@address.com\nFrom:/" cover-to-edit.patch >"$cover" &&
 	git send-email \
@@ -1526,6 +1633,21 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ 'cccover adds Cc to all mail' '
 	test_cover_addresses "Cc"
 '
 
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'escaped quotes in sendemail.aliasfiletype=mutt' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	echo "alias sbd \\\"Dot U. Sir\\\" <somebody@example.org>" >.mutt &&
+	git config --replace-all sendemail.aliasesfile "$(pwd)/.mutt" &&
+	git config sendemail.aliasfiletype mutt &&
+	git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=sbd \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		outdir/0001-*.patch \
+		2>errors >out &&
+	grep "^!somebody@example\.org!$" commandline1 &&
+	grep -F "To: \"Dot U. Sir\" <somebody@example.org>" out
+'
+
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'sendemail.aliasfiletype=mailrc' '
 	clean_fake_sendmail &&
 	echo "alias sbd  somebody@example.org" >.mailrc &&
@@ -1542,7 +1664,7 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ 'sendemail.aliasfiletype=mailrc' '
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'sendemail.aliasfile=~/.mailrc' '
 	clean_fake_sendmail &&
-	echo "alias sbd  someone@example.org" >~/.mailrc &&
+	echo "alias sbd  someone@example.org" >"$HOME/.mailrc" &&
 	git config --replace-all sendemail.aliasesfile "~/.mailrc" &&
 	git config sendemail.aliasfiletype mailrc &&
 	git send-email \
@@ -1554,6 +1676,220 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ 'sendemail.aliasfile=~/.mailrc' '
 	grep "^!someone@example\.org!$" commandline1
 '
 
+test_dump_aliases () {
+	msg="$1" && shift &&
+	filetype="$1" && shift &&
+	printf '%s\n' "$@" >expect &&
+	cat >.tmp-email-aliases &&
+
+	test_expect_success $PREREQ "$msg" '
+		clean_fake_sendmail && rm -fr outdir &&
+		git config --replace-all sendemail.aliasesfile \
+			"$(pwd)/.tmp-email-aliases" &&
+		git config sendemail.aliasfiletype "$filetype" &&
+		git send-email --dump-aliases 2>errors >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+}
+
+test_dump_aliases '--dump-aliases sendmail format' \
+	'sendmail' \
+	'abgroup' \
+	'alice' \
+	'bcgrp' \
+	'bob' \
+	'chloe' <<-\EOF
+	alice: Alice W Land <awol@example.com>
+	bob: Robert Bobbyton <bob@example.com>
+	chloe: chloe@example.com
+	abgroup: alice, bob
+	bcgrp: bob, chloe, Other <o@example.com>
+	EOF
+
+test_dump_aliases '--dump-aliases mutt format' \
+	'mutt' \
+	'alice' \
+	'bob' \
+	'chloe' \
+	'donald' <<-\EOF
+	alias alice Alice W Land <awol@example.com>
+	alias donald Donald C Carlton <donc@example.com>
+	alias bob Robert Bobbyton <bob@example.com>
+	alias chloe chloe@example.com
+	EOF
+
+test_dump_aliases '--dump-aliases mailrc format' \
+	'mailrc' \
+	'alice' \
+	'bob' \
+	'chloe' \
+	'eve' <<-\EOF
+	alias alice   Alice W Land <awol@example.com>
+	alias eve     Eve <eve@example.com>
+	alias bob     Robert Bobbyton <bob@example.com>
+	alias chloe   chloe@example.com
+	EOF
+
+test_dump_aliases '--dump-aliases pine format' \
+	'pine' \
+	'alice' \
+	'bob' \
+	'chloe' \
+	'eve' <<-\EOF
+	alice	Alice W Land	<awol@example.com>
+	eve	Eve	<eve@example.com>
+	bob	Robert	Bobbyton <bob@example.com>
+	chloe		chloe@example.com
+	EOF
+
+test_dump_aliases '--dump-aliases gnus format' \
+	'gnus' \
+	'alice' \
+	'bob' \
+	'chloe' \
+	'eve' <<-\EOF
+	(define-mail-alias "alice" "awol@example.com")
+	(define-mail-alias "eve" "eve@example.com")
+	(define-mail-alias "bob" "bob@example.com")
+	(define-mail-alias "chloe" "chloe@example.com")
+	EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--dump-aliases must be used alone' '
+	test_must_fail git send-email --dump-aliases --to=janice@example.com -1 refs/heads/accounting
+'
+
+test_sendmail_aliases () {
+	msg="$1" && shift &&
+	expect="$@" &&
+	cat >.tmp-email-aliases &&
+
+	test_expect_success $PREREQ "$msg" '
+		clean_fake_sendmail && rm -fr outdir &&
+		git format-patch -1 -o outdir &&
+		git config --replace-all sendemail.aliasesfile \
+			"$(pwd)/.tmp-email-aliases" &&
+		git config sendemail.aliasfiletype sendmail &&
+		git send-email \
+			--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+			--to=alice --to=bcgrp \
+			--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+			outdir/0001-*.patch \
+			2>errors >out &&
+		for i in $expect
+		do
+			grep "^!$i!$" commandline1 || return 1
+		done
+	'
+}
+
+test_sendmail_aliases 'sendemail.aliasfiletype=sendmail' \
+	'awol@example\.com' \
+	'bob@example\.com' \
+	'chloe@example\.com' \
+	'o@example\.com' <<-\EOF
+	alice: Alice W Land <awol@example.com>
+	bob: Robert Bobbyton <bob@example.com>
+	# this is a comment
+	   # this is also a comment
+	chloe: chloe@example.com
+	abgroup: alice, bob
+	bcgrp: bob, chloe, Other <o@example.com>
+	EOF
+
+test_sendmail_aliases 'sendmail aliases line folding' \
+	alice1 \
+	bob1 bob2 \
+	chuck1 chuck2 \
+	darla1 darla2 darla3 \
+	elton1 elton2 elton3 \
+	fred1 fred2 \
+	greg1 <<-\EOF
+	alice: alice1
+	bob: bob1,\
+	bob2
+	chuck: chuck1,
+	    chuck2
+	darla: darla1,\
+	darla2,
+	    darla3
+	elton: elton1,
+	    elton2,\
+	elton3
+	fred: fred1,\
+	    fred2
+	greg: greg1
+	bcgrp: bob, chuck, darla, elton, fred, greg
+	EOF
+
+test_sendmail_aliases 'sendmail aliases tolerate bogus line folding' \
+	alice1 bob1 <<-\EOF
+	    alice: alice1
+	bcgrp: bob1\
+	EOF
+
+test_sendmail_aliases 'sendmail aliases empty' alice bcgrp <<-\EOF
+	EOF
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'alias support in To header' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	echo "alias sbd  someone@example.org" >.mailrc &&
+	test_config sendemail.aliasesfile ".mailrc" &&
+	test_config sendemail.aliasfiletype mailrc &&
+	git format-patch --stdout -1 --to=sbd >aliased.patch &&
+	git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		aliased.patch \
+		2>errors >out &&
+	grep "^!someone@example\.org!$" commandline1
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'alias support in Cc header' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	echo "alias sbd  someone@example.org" >.mailrc &&
+	test_config sendemail.aliasesfile ".mailrc" &&
+	test_config sendemail.aliasfiletype mailrc &&
+	git format-patch --stdout -1 --cc=sbd >aliased.patch &&
+	git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		aliased.patch \
+		2>errors >out &&
+	grep "^!someone@example\.org!$" commandline1
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'tocmd works with aliases' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	echo "alias sbd  someone@example.org" >.mailrc &&
+	test_config sendemail.aliasesfile ".mailrc" &&
+	test_config sendemail.aliasfiletype mailrc &&
+	git format-patch --stdout -1 >tocmd.patch &&
+	echo tocmd--sbd >>tocmd.patch &&
+	git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to-cmd=./tocmd-sed \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		tocmd.patch \
+		2>errors >out &&
+	grep "^!someone@example\.org!$" commandline1
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'cccmd works with aliases' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	echo "alias sbd  someone@example.org" >.mailrc &&
+	test_config sendemail.aliasesfile ".mailrc" &&
+	test_config sendemail.aliasfiletype mailrc &&
+	git format-patch --stdout -1 >cccmd.patch &&
+	echo cccmd--sbd >>cccmd.patch &&
+	git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--cc-cmd=./cccmd-sed \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		cccmd.patch \
+		2>errors >out &&
+	grep "^!someone@example\.org!$" commandline1
+'
+
 do_xmailer_test () {
 	expected=$1 params=$2 &&
 	git format-patch -1 &&
@@ -1587,4 +1923,120 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ '--[no-]xmailer with sendemail.xmailer=false' '
 	do_xmailer_test 1 "--xmailer"
 '
 
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'setup expected-list' '
+	git send-email \
+	--dry-run \
+	--from="Example <from@example.com>" \
+	--to="To 1 <to1@example.com>" \
+	--to="to2@example.com" \
+	--to="to3@example.com" \
+	--cc="Cc 1 <cc1@example.com>" \
+	--cc="Cc2 <cc2@example.com>" \
+	--bcc="bcc1@example.com" \
+	--bcc="bcc2@example.com" \
+	0001-add-master.patch | replace_variable_fields \
+	>expected-list
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'use email list in --cc --to and --bcc' '
+	git send-email \
+	--dry-run \
+	--from="Example <from@example.com>" \
+	--to="To 1 <to1@example.com>, to2@example.com" \
+	--to="to3@example.com" \
+	--cc="Cc 1 <cc1@example.com>, Cc2 <cc2@example.com>" \
+	--bcc="bcc1@example.com, bcc2@example.com" \
+	0001-add-master.patch | replace_variable_fields \
+	>actual-list &&
+	test_cmp expected-list actual-list
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'aliases work with email list' '
+	echo "alias to2 to2@example.com" >.mutt &&
+	echo "alias cc1 Cc 1 <cc1@example.com>" >>.mutt &&
+	test_config sendemail.aliasesfile ".mutt" &&
+	test_config sendemail.aliasfiletype mutt &&
+	git send-email \
+	--dry-run \
+	--from="Example <from@example.com>" \
+	--to="To 1 <to1@example.com>, to2, to3@example.com" \
+	--cc="cc1, Cc2 <cc2@example.com>" \
+	--bcc="bcc1@example.com, bcc2@example.com" \
+	0001-add-master.patch | replace_variable_fields \
+	>actual-list &&
+	test_cmp expected-list actual-list
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'leading and trailing whitespaces are removed' '
+	echo "alias to2 to2@example.com" >.mutt &&
+	echo "alias cc1 Cc 1 <cc1@example.com>" >>.mutt &&
+	test_config sendemail.aliasesfile ".mutt" &&
+	test_config sendemail.aliasfiletype mutt &&
+	TO1=$(echo "QTo 1 <to1@example.com>" | q_to_tab) &&
+	TO2=$(echo "QZto2" | qz_to_tab_space) &&
+	CC1=$(echo "cc1" | append_cr) &&
+	BCC1=$(echo "Q bcc1@example.com Q" | q_to_nul) &&
+	git send-email \
+	--dry-run \
+	--from="	Example <from@example.com>" \
+	--to="$TO1" \
+	--to="$TO2" \
+	--to="  to3@example.com   " \
+	--cc="$CC1" \
+	--cc="Cc2 <cc2@example.com>" \
+	--bcc="$BCC1" \
+	--bcc="bcc2@example.com" \
+	0001-add-master.patch | replace_variable_fields \
+	>actual-list &&
+	test_cmp expected-list actual-list
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'invoke hook' '
+	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+
+	write_script .git/hooks/sendemail-validate <<-\EOF &&
+	# test that we have the correct environment variable, pwd, and
+	# argument
+	case "$GIT_DIR" in
+	*.git)
+		true
+		;;
+	*)
+		false
+		;;
+	esac &&
+	test -f 0001-add-master.patch &&
+	grep "add master" "$1"
+	EOF
+
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	(
+		# Test that it works even if we are not at the root of the
+		# working tree
+		cd subdir &&
+		git send-email \
+			--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+			--to=nobody@example.com \
+			--smtp-server="$(pwd)/../fake.sendmail" \
+			../0001-add-master.patch &&
+
+		# Verify error message when a patch is rejected by the hook
+		sed -e "s/add master/x/" ../0001-add-master.patch >../another.patch &&
+		test_must_fail git send-email \
+			--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+			--to=nobody@example.com \
+			--smtp-server="$(pwd)/../fake.sendmail" \
+			../another.patch 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep "rejected by sendemail-validate hook" err
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'test that send-email works outside a repo' '
+	nongit git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		"$(pwd)/0001-add-master.patch"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9003-help-autocorrect.sh b/t/t9003-help-autocorrect.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b1c7919c4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9003-help-autocorrect.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='help.autocorrect finding a match'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	# An alias
+	git config alias.lgf "log --format=%s --first-parent" &&
+
+	# A random user-defined command
+	write_script git-distimdistim <<-EOF &&
+		echo distimdistim was called
+	EOF
+
+	PATH="$PATH:." &&
+	export PATH &&
+
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "a single log entry" &&
+
+	# Sanity check
+	git lgf >actual &&
+	echo "a single log entry" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git distimdistim >actual &&
+	echo "distimdistim was called" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autocorrect showing candidates' '
+	git config help.autocorrect 0 &&
+
+	test_must_fail git lfg 2>actual &&
+	grep "^	lgf" actual &&
+
+	test_must_fail git distimdist 2>actual &&
+	grep "^	distimdistim" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autocorrect running commands' '
+	git config help.autocorrect -1 &&
+
+	git lfg >actual &&
+	echo "a single log entry" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git distimdist >actual &&
+	echo "distimdistim was called" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9004-example.sh b/t/t9004-example.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7e8894a4a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9004-example.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='check that example code compiles and runs'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'decorate' '
+	test-tool example-decorate
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9010-svn-fe.sh b/t/t9010-svn-fe.sh
index 6dafe7e99a..0b20b07e68 100755
--- a/t/t9010-svn-fe.sh
+++ b/t/t9010-svn-fe.sh
@@ -4,12 +4,13 @@ test_description='check svn dumpfile importer'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+if test_have_prereq !PIPE
+then
+	skip_all="svn dumpfile importer testing requires the PIPE prerequisite"
+	test_done
+fi
+
 reinit_git () {
-	if ! test_declared_prereq PIPE
-	then
-		echo >&4 "reinit_git: need to declare PIPE prerequisite"
-		return 127
-	fi
 	rm -fr .git &&
 	rm -f stream backflow &&
 	git init &&
@@ -54,19 +55,19 @@ text_no_props () {
 
 >empty
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'empty dump' '
+test_expect_success 'empty dump' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	echo "SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 2" >input &&
 	try_dump input
 '
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'v4 dumps not supported' '
+test_expect_success 'v4 dumps not supported' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	echo "SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 4" >v4.dump &&
 	try_dump v4.dump must_fail
 '
 
-test_expect_failure PIPE 'empty revision' '
+test_expect_failure 'empty revision' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	printf "rev <nobody, nobody@local>: %s\n" "" "" >expect &&
 	cat >emptyrev.dump <<-\EOF &&
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ test_expect_failure PIPE 'empty revision' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'empty properties' '
+test_expect_success 'empty properties' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	printf "rev <nobody, nobody@local>: %s\n" "" "" >expect &&
 	cat >emptyprop.dump <<-\EOF &&
@@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'empty properties' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'author name and commit message' '
+test_expect_success 'author name and commit message' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	echo "<author@example.com, author@example.com@local>" >expect.author &&
 	cat >message <<-\EOF &&
@@ -143,7 +144,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'author name and commit message' '
 	test_cmp expect.author actual.author
 '
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'unsupported properties are ignored' '
+test_expect_success 'unsupported properties are ignored' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	echo author >expect &&
 	cat >extraprop.dump <<-\EOF &&
@@ -168,7 +169,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'unsupported properties are ignored' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_failure PIPE 'timestamp and empty file' '
+test_expect_failure 'timestamp and empty file' '
 	echo author@example.com >expect.author &&
 	echo 1999-01-01 >expect.date &&
 	echo file >expect.files &&
@@ -210,7 +211,7 @@ test_expect_failure PIPE 'timestamp and empty file' '
 	test_cmp empty file
 '
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'directory with files' '
+test_expect_success 'directory with files' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	printf "%s\n" directory/file1 directory/file2 >expect.files &&
 	echo hi >hi &&
@@ -263,7 +264,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'directory with files' '
 	test_cmp hi directory/file2
 '
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'branch name with backslash' '
+test_expect_success 'branch name with backslash' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	sort <<-\EOF >expect.branch-files &&
 	trunk/file1
@@ -362,7 +363,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'branch name with backslash' '
 	test_cmp expect.branch-files actual.branch-files
 '
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'node without action' '
+test_expect_success 'node without action' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	cat >inaction.dump <<-\EOF &&
 	SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
@@ -383,7 +384,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'node without action' '
 	try_dump inaction.dump must_fail
 '
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'action: add node without text' '
+test_expect_success 'action: add node without text' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	cat >textless.dump <<-\EOF &&
 	SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
@@ -405,7 +406,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'action: add node without text' '
 	try_dump textless.dump must_fail
 '
 
-test_expect_failure PIPE 'change file mode but keep old content' '
+test_expect_failure 'change file mode but keep old content' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	OBJID
@@ -472,7 +473,7 @@ test_expect_failure PIPE 'change file mode but keep old content' '
 	{
 		git rev-list HEAD |
 		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
-		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+		sed "s/$OID_REGEX/OBJID/g"
 	} >actual &&
 	git show HEAD:greeting >actual.blob &&
 	git show HEAD^:greeting >actual.target &&
@@ -481,7 +482,7 @@ test_expect_failure PIPE 'change file mode but keep old content' '
 	test_cmp hello actual.target
 '
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'NUL in property value' '
+test_expect_success 'NUL in property value' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	echo "commit message" >expect.message &&
 	{
@@ -507,7 +508,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'NUL in property value' '
 	test_cmp expect.message actual.message
 '
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'NUL in log message, file content, and property name' '
+test_expect_success 'NUL in log message, file content, and property name' '
 	# Caveat: svnadmin 1.6.16 (r1073529) truncates at \0 in the
 	# svn:specialQnotreally example.
 	reinit_git &&
@@ -572,7 +573,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'NUL in log message, file content, and property name' '
 	{
 		git rev-list HEAD |
 		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
-		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+		sed "s/$OID_REGEX/OBJID/g"
 	} >actual &&
 	{
 		git cat-file commit HEAD | nul_to_q &&
@@ -587,7 +588,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'NUL in log message, file content, and property name' '
 	test_cmp expect.hello2 actual.hello2
 '
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'change file mode and reiterate content' '
+test_expect_success 'change file mode and reiterate content' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	OBJID
@@ -658,7 +659,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'change file mode and reiterate content' '
 	{
 		git rev-list HEAD |
 		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
-		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+		sed "s/$OID_REGEX/OBJID/g"
 	} >actual &&
 	git show HEAD:greeting >actual.blob &&
 	git show HEAD^:greeting >actual.target &&
@@ -667,7 +668,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'change file mode and reiterate content' '
 	test_cmp hello actual.target
 '
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'deltas supported' '
+test_expect_success 'deltas supported' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	{
 		# (old) h + (inline) ello + (old) \n
@@ -731,7 +732,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'deltas supported' '
 	try_dump delta.dump
 '
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'property deltas supported' '
+test_expect_success 'property deltas supported' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	OBJID
@@ -791,12 +792,12 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'property deltas supported' '
 	{
 		git rev-list HEAD |
 		git diff-tree --stdin |
-		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+		sed "s/$OID_REGEX/OBJID/g"
 	} >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'properties on /' '
+test_expect_success 'properties on /' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	cat <<-\EOF >expect &&
 	OBJID
@@ -845,12 +846,12 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'properties on /' '
 	{
 		git rev-list HEAD |
 		git diff-tree --root --always --stdin |
-		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+		sed "s/$OID_REGEX/OBJID/g"
 	} >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'deltas for typechange' '
+test_expect_success 'deltas for typechange' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	OBJID
@@ -930,12 +931,12 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'deltas for typechange' '
 	{
 		git rev-list HEAD |
 		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
-		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+		sed "s/$OID_REGEX/OBJID/g"
 	} >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'deltas need not consume the whole preimage' '
+test_expect_success 'deltas need not consume the whole preimage' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	OBJID
@@ -1029,7 +1030,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'deltas need not consume the whole preimage' '
 	{
 		git rev-list HEAD |
 		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
-		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+		sed "s/$OID_REGEX/OBJID/g"
 	} >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 	git show HEAD:postimage >actual.3 &&
@@ -1040,7 +1041,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'deltas need not consume the whole preimage' '
 	test_cmp expect.3 actual.3
 '
 
-test_expect_success PIPE 'no hang for delta trying to read past end of preimage' '
+test_expect_success 'no hang for delta trying to read past end of preimage' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	{
 		# COPY 1
@@ -1087,7 +1088,7 @@ test_expect_success 'set up svn repo' '
 	fi
 '
 
-test_expect_success SVNREPO,PIPE 't9135/svn.dump' '
+test_expect_success SVNREPO 't9135/svn.dump' '
 	mkdir -p simple-git &&
 	(
 		cd simple-git &&
diff --git a/t/t9011-svn-da.sh b/t/t9011-svn-da.sh
index b38d16f9db..ab1ef28fd9 100755
--- a/t/t9011-svn-da.sh
+++ b/t/t9011-svn-da.sh
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ test_expect_success 'reject empty delta' '
 test_expect_success 'delta can empty file' '
 	printf "SVNQ" | q_to_nul >clear.delta &&
 	test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.delta 4 >actual &&
-	test_cmp empty actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'reject svndiff2' '
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ test_expect_success 'reject svndiff2' '
 test_expect_success 'one-window empty delta' '
 	printf "SVNQ%s" "QQQQQ" | q_to_nul >clear.onewindow &&
 	test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.onewindow 9 >actual &&
-	test_cmp empty actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'reject incomplete window header' '
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ test_expect_success 'two-window empty delta' '
 	printf "SVNQ%s%s" "QQQQQ" "QQQQQ" | q_to_nul >clear.twowindow &&
 	test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.twowindow 14 >actual &&
 	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.twowindow 13 &&
-	test_cmp empty actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'noisy zeroes' '
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ test_expect_success 'noisy zeroes' '
 		q_to_nul >clear.noisy &&
 	len=$(wc -c <clear.noisy) &&
 	test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.noisy $len &&
-	test_cmp empty actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'reject variable-length int in magic' '
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ test_expect_success 'reject truncated integer' '
 test_expect_success 'nonempty (but unused) preimage view' '
 	printf "SVNQ%b" "Q\003QQQ" | q_to_nul >clear.readpreimage &&
 	test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.readpreimage 9 >actual &&
-	test_cmp empty actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'preimage view: right endpoint cannot backtrack' '
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ test_expect_success 'preimage view: left endpoint can advance' '
 		q_to_nul >clear.shrinkbacktrack &&
 	test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.preshrink 14 >actual &&
 	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.shrinkbacktrack 14 &&
-	test_cmp empty actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'preimage view: offsets compared by value' '
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ test_expect_success 'preimage view: offsets compared by value' '
 		q_to_nul >clear.noisyadvance &&
 	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.noisybacktrack 15 &&
 	test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.noisyadvance 15 &&
-	test_cmp empty actual
+	test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'preimage view: reject truncated preimage' '
diff --git a/t/t9020-remote-svn.sh b/t/t9020-remote-svn.sh
index 4d81ba1c2c..6fca08e5e3 100755
--- a/t/t9020-remote-svn.sh
+++ b/t/t9020-remote-svn.sh
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ init_git () {
 	git init &&
 	#git remote add svnsim testsvn::sim:///$TEST_DIRECTORY/t9020/example.svnrdump
 	# let's reuse an existing dump file!?
-	git remote add svnsim testsvn::sim://$TEST_DIRECTORY/t9154/svn.dump
-	git remote add svnfile testsvn::file://$TEST_DIRECTORY/t9154/svn.dump
+	git remote add svnsim "testsvn::sim://$TEST_DIRECTORY/t9154/svn.dump"
+	git remote add svnfile "testsvn::file://$TEST_DIRECTORY/t9154/svn.dump"
 }
 
 if test -e "$GIT_BUILD_DIR/git-remote-testsvn"
diff --git a/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh b/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh
index 4fea8d901b..9af6078844 100755
--- a/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@ GIT_SVN_LC_ALL=${LC_ALL:-$LANG}
 
 . ./lib-git-svn.sh
 
-say 'define NO_SVN_TESTS to skip git svn tests'
-
 case "$GIT_SVN_LC_ALL" in
 *.UTF-8)
 	test_set_prereq UTF8
@@ -19,13 +17,21 @@ case "$GIT_SVN_LC_ALL" in
 	;;
 esac
 
+test_expect_success 'git svn --version works anywhere' '
+	nongit git svn --version
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git svn help works anywhere' '
+	nongit git svn help
+'
+
 test_expect_success \
     'initialize git svn' '
 	mkdir import &&
 	(
 		cd import &&
 		echo foo >foo &&
-		ln -s foo foo.link
+		ln -s foo foo.link &&
 		mkdir -p dir/a/b/c/d/e &&
 		echo "deep dir" >dir/a/b/c/d/e/file &&
 		mkdir bar &&
@@ -45,13 +51,13 @@ test_expect_success "checkout from svn" 'svn co "$svnrepo" "$SVN_TREE"'
 
 name='try a deep --rmdir with a commit'
 test_expect_success "$name" '
-	git checkout -f -b mybranch ${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	git checkout -f -b mybranch remotes/git-svn &&
 	mv dir/a/b/c/d/e/file dir/file &&
 	cp dir/file file &&
 	git update-index --add --remove dir/a/b/c/d/e/file dir/file file &&
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch &&
+		remotes/git-svn..mybranch &&
 	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
 	test -d "$SVN_TREE"/dir && test ! -d "$SVN_TREE"/dir/a'
 
@@ -65,14 +71,14 @@ test_expect_success "$name" "
 	git update-index --add dir/file/file &&
 	git commit -m '$name' &&
 	test_must_fail git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch
+		remotes/git-svn..mybranch
 "
 
 
 name='detect node change from directory to file #1'
 test_expect_success "$name" '
 	rm -rf dir "$GIT_DIR"/index &&
-	git checkout -f -b mybranch2 ${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	git checkout -f -b mybranch2 remotes/git-svn &&
 	mv bar/zzz zzz &&
 	rm -rf bar &&
 	mv zzz bar &&
@@ -80,14 +86,14 @@ test_expect_success "$name" '
 	git update-index --add -- bar &&
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	test_must_fail git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch2
+		remotes/git-svn..mybranch2
 '
 
 
 name='detect node change from file to directory #2'
 test_expect_success "$name" '
 	rm -f "$GIT_DIR"/index &&
-	git checkout -f -b mybranch3 ${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	git checkout -f -b mybranch3 remotes/git-svn &&
 	rm bar/zzz &&
 	git update-index --remove bar/zzz &&
 	mkdir bar/zzz &&
@@ -95,7 +101,7 @@ test_expect_success "$name" '
 	git update-index --add bar/zzz/yyy &&
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch3 &&
+		remotes/git-svn..mybranch3 &&
 	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
 	test -d "$SVN_TREE"/bar/zzz &&
 	test -e "$SVN_TREE"/bar/zzz/yyy
@@ -104,7 +110,7 @@ test_expect_success "$name" '
 name='detect node change from directory to file #2'
 test_expect_success "$name" '
 	rm -f "$GIT_DIR"/index &&
-	git checkout -f -b mybranch4 ${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	git checkout -f -b mybranch4 remotes/git-svn &&
 	rm -rf dir &&
 	git update-index --remove -- dir/file &&
 	touch dir &&
@@ -112,67 +118,67 @@ test_expect_success "$name" '
 	git update-index --add -- dir &&
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	test_must_fail git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch4
+		remotes/git-svn..mybranch4
 '
 
 
 name='remove executable bit from a file'
-test_expect_success "$name" '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM "$name" '
 	rm -f "$GIT_DIR"/index &&
-	git checkout -f -b mybranch5 ${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	git checkout -f -b mybranch5 remotes/git-svn &&
 	chmod -x exec.sh &&
 	git update-index exec.sh &&
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch5 &&
+		remotes/git-svn..mybranch5 &&
 	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
 	test ! -x "$SVN_TREE"/exec.sh'
 
 
 name='add executable bit back file'
-test_expect_success "$name" '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM "$name" '
 	chmod +x exec.sh &&
 	git update-index exec.sh &&
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch5 &&
+		remotes/git-svn..mybranch5 &&
 	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
 	test -x "$SVN_TREE"/exec.sh'
 
 
 name='executable file becomes a symlink to file'
-test_expect_success "$name" '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS "$name" '
 	rm exec.sh &&
 	ln -s file exec.sh &&
 	git update-index exec.sh &&
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch5 &&
+		remotes/git-svn..mybranch5 &&
 	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
 	test -h "$SVN_TREE"/exec.sh'
 
 name='new symlink is added to a file that was also just made executable'
 
-test_expect_success "$name" '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SYMLINKS "$name" '
 	chmod +x file &&
 	ln -s file exec-2.sh &&
 	git update-index --add file exec-2.sh &&
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch5 &&
+		remotes/git-svn..mybranch5 &&
 	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
 	test -x "$SVN_TREE"/file &&
 	test -h "$SVN_TREE"/exec-2.sh'
 
 name='modify a symlink to become a file'
-test_expect_success "$name" '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SYMLINKS "$name" '
 	echo git help >help &&
 	rm exec-2.sh &&
 	cp help exec-2.sh &&
 	git update-index exec-2.sh &&
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch5 &&
+		remotes/git-svn..mybranch5 &&
 	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
 	test -f "$SVN_TREE"/exec-2.sh &&
 	test ! -h "$SVN_TREE"/exec-2.sh &&
@@ -181,7 +187,8 @@ test_expect_success "$name" '
 name="commit with UTF-8 message: locale: $GIT_SVN_LC_ALL"
 LC_ALL="$GIT_SVN_LC_ALL"
 export LC_ALL
-test_expect_success UTF8 "$name" "
+# This test relies on the previous test, hence requires POSIXPERM,SYMLINKS
+test_expect_success UTF8,POSIXPERM,SYMLINKS "$name" "
 	echo '# hello' >> exec-2.sh &&
 	git update-index exec-2.sh &&
 	git commit -m 'éï�' &&
@@ -193,7 +200,7 @@ GIT_SVN_ID=alt
 export GIT_SVN_ID
 test_expect_success "$name" \
     'git svn init "$svnrepo" && git svn fetch &&
-     git rev-list --pretty=raw ${remotes_git_svn} | grep ^tree | uniq > a &&
+     git rev-list --pretty=raw remotes/git-svn | grep ^tree | uniq > a &&
      git rev-list --pretty=raw remotes/alt | grep ^tree | uniq > b &&
      test_cmp a b'
 
@@ -214,19 +221,19 @@ tree d667270a1f7b109f5eb3aaea21ede14b56bfdd6e
 tree 8f51f74cf0163afc9ad68a4b1537288c4558b5a4
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success "$name" "test_cmp a expected"
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SYMLINKS "$name" "test_cmp a expected"
 
-test_expect_success 'exit if remote refs are ambigious' "
+test_expect_success 'exit if remote refs are ambigious' '
         git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
-                              bar:refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
+		bar:refs/remotes/git-svn &&
 	test_must_fail git svn migrate
-"
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'exit if init-ing a would clobber a URL' '
         svnadmin create "${PWD}/svnrepo2" &&
         svn mkdir -m "mkdir bar" "${svnrepo}2/bar" &&
         git config --unset svn-remote.svn.fetch \
-                                "^bar:refs/${remotes_git_svn}$" &&
+		"^bar:refs/remotes/git-svn$" &&
 	test_must_fail git svn init "${svnrepo}2/bar"
         '
 
@@ -236,7 +243,7 @@ test_expect_success \
         git config --get svn-remote.svn.fetch \
                               "^bar:refs/remotes/bar$" &&
         git config --get svn-remote.svn.fetch \
-                              "^:refs/${remotes_git_svn}$"
+			      "^:refs/remotes/git-svn$"
         '
 
 test_expect_success 'dcommit $rev does not clobber current branch' '
@@ -258,45 +265,45 @@ test_expect_success 'dcommit $rev does not clobber current branch' '
 	git branch -D my-bar
 	'
 
-test_expect_success 'able to dcommit to a subdirectory' "
+test_expect_success 'able to dcommit to a subdirectory' '
 	git svn fetch -i bar &&
 	git checkout -b my-bar refs/remotes/bar &&
 	echo abc > d &&
 	git update-index --add d &&
-	git commit -m '/bar/d should be in the log' &&
+	git commit -m "/bar/d should be in the log" &&
 	git svn dcommit -i bar &&
-	test -z \"\`git diff refs/heads/my-bar refs/remotes/bar\`\" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff refs/heads/my-bar refs/remotes/bar)" &&
 	mkdir newdir &&
 	echo new > newdir/dir &&
 	git update-index --add newdir/dir &&
-	git commit -m 'add a new directory' &&
+	git commit -m "add a new directory" &&
 	git svn dcommit -i bar &&
-	test -z \"\`git diff refs/heads/my-bar refs/remotes/bar\`\" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff refs/heads/my-bar refs/remotes/bar)" &&
 	echo foo >> newdir/dir &&
 	git update-index newdir/dir &&
-	git commit -m 'modify a file in new directory' &&
+	git commit -m "modify a file in new directory" &&
 	git svn dcommit -i bar &&
-	test -z \"\`git diff refs/heads/my-bar refs/remotes/bar\`\"
-	"
+	test -z "$(git diff refs/heads/my-bar refs/remotes/bar)"
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'dcommit should not fail with a touched file' '
 	test_commit "commit-new-file-foo2" foo2 &&
-	test-chmtime =-60 foo &&
+	test-tool chmtime =-60 foo &&
 	git svn dcommit
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase should not fail with a touched file' '
-	test-chmtime =-60 foo &&
+	test-tool chmtime =-60 foo &&
 	git svn rebase
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'able to set-tree to a subdirectory' "
+test_expect_success 'able to set-tree to a subdirectory' '
 	echo cba > d &&
 	git update-index d &&
-	git commit -m 'update /bar/d' &&
+	git commit -m "update /bar/d" &&
 	git svn set-tree -i bar HEAD &&
-	test -z \"\`git diff refs/heads/my-bar refs/remotes/bar\`\"
-	"
+	test -z "$(git diff refs/heads/my-bar refs/remotes/bar)"
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'git-svn works in a bare repository' '
 	mkdir bare-repo &&
diff --git a/t/t9101-git-svn-props.sh b/t/t9101-git-svn-props.sh
index 8869f5018e..8a5c8dc1aa 100755
--- a/t/t9101-git-svn-props.sh
+++ b/t/t9101-git-svn-props.sh
@@ -26,27 +26,27 @@ cd import
 EOF
 
 	printf "Hello\r\nWorld\r\n" > crlf
-	a_crlf=`git hash-object -w crlf`
+	a_crlf=$(git hash-object -w crlf)
 	printf "Hello\rWorld\r" > cr
-	a_cr=`git hash-object -w cr`
+	a_cr=$(git hash-object -w cr)
 	printf "Hello\nWorld\n" > lf
-	a_lf=`git hash-object -w lf`
+	a_lf=$(git hash-object -w lf)
 
 	printf "Hello\r\nWorld" > ne_crlf
-	a_ne_crlf=`git hash-object -w ne_crlf`
+	a_ne_crlf=$(git hash-object -w ne_crlf)
 	printf "Hello\nWorld" > ne_lf
-	a_ne_lf=`git hash-object -w ne_lf`
+	a_ne_lf=$(git hash-object -w ne_lf)
 	printf "Hello\rWorld" > ne_cr
-	a_ne_cr=`git hash-object -w ne_cr`
+	a_ne_cr=$(git hash-object -w ne_cr)
 
 	touch empty
-	a_empty=`git hash-object -w empty`
+	a_empty=$(git hash-object -w empty)
 	printf "\n" > empty_lf
-	a_empty_lf=`git hash-object -w empty_lf`
+	a_empty_lf=$(git hash-object -w empty_lf)
 	printf "\r" > empty_cr
-	a_empty_cr=`git hash-object -w empty_cr`
+	a_empty_cr=$(git hash-object -w empty_cr)
 	printf "\r\n" > empty_crlf
-	a_empty_crlf=`git hash-object -w empty_crlf`
+	a_empty_crlf=$(git hash-object -w empty_crlf)
 
 	svn_cmd import --no-auto-props -m 'import for git svn' . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null
 cd ..
@@ -73,14 +73,14 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch revisions from svn' 'git svn fetch'
 
 name='test svn:keywords ignoring'
 test_expect_success "$name" \
-	'git checkout -b mybranch ${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	'git checkout -b mybranch remotes/git-svn &&
 	echo Hi again >> kw.c &&
 	git commit -a -m "test keywords ignoring" &&
-	git svn set-tree ${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch &&
-	git pull . ${remotes_git_svn}'
+	git svn set-tree remotes/git-svn..mybranch &&
+	git pull . remotes/git-svn'
 
 expect='/* $Id$ */'
-got="`sed -ne 2p kw.c`"
+got="$(sed -ne 2p kw.c)"
 test_expect_success 'raw $Id$ found in kw.c' "test '$expect' = '$got'"
 
 test_expect_success "propset CR on crlf files" '
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ test_expect_success "propset CR on crlf files" '
 
 test_expect_success 'fetch and pull latest from svn and checkout a new wc' \
 	'git svn fetch &&
-	 git pull . ${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	 git pull . remotes/git-svn &&
 	 svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" new_wc'
 
 for i in crlf ne_crlf lf ne_lf cr ne_cr empty_cr empty_lf empty empty_crlf
@@ -107,8 +107,8 @@ done
 cd test_wc
 	printf '$Id$\rHello\rWorld\r' > cr
 	printf '$Id$\rHello\rWorld' > ne_cr
-	a_cr=`printf '$Id$\r\nHello\r\nWorld\r\n' | git hash-object --stdin`
-	a_ne_cr=`printf '$Id$\r\nHello\r\nWorld' | git hash-object --stdin`
+	a_cr=$(printf '$Id$\r\nHello\r\nWorld\r\n' | git hash-object --stdin)
+	a_ne_cr=$(printf '$Id$\r\nHello\r\nWorld' | git hash-object --stdin)
 	test_expect_success 'Set CRLF on cr files' \
 	'svn_cmd propset svn:eol-style CRLF cr &&
 	 svn_cmd propset svn:eol-style CRLF ne_cr &&
@@ -117,10 +117,10 @@ cd test_wc
 	 svn_cmd commit -m "propset CRLF on cr files"'
 cd ..
 test_expect_success 'fetch and pull latest from svn' \
-	'git svn fetch && git pull . ${remotes_git_svn}'
+	'git svn fetch && git pull . remotes/git-svn'
 
-b_cr="`git hash-object cr`"
-b_ne_cr="`git hash-object ne_cr`"
+b_cr="$(git hash-object cr)"
+b_ne_cr="$(git hash-object ne_cr)"
 
 test_expect_success 'CRLF + $Id$' "test '$a_cr' = '$b_cr'"
 test_expect_success 'CRLF + $Id$ (no newline)' "test '$a_ne_cr' = '$b_ne_cr'"
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ test_expect_success 'test show-ignore' "
 		svn_cmd up &&
 		svn_cmd propset -R svn:ignore '
 no-such-file*
-' .
+' . &&
 		svn_cmd commit -m 'propset svn:ignore'
 	) &&
 	git svn show-ignore > show-ignore.got &&
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ cat >create-ignore-index.expect <<\EOF
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'test create-ignore' "
-	git svn fetch && git pull . ${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	git svn fetch && git pull . remotes/git-svn &&
 	git svn create-ignore &&
 	cmp ./.gitignore create-ignore.expect &&
 	cmp ./deeply/.gitignore create-ignore.expect &&
diff --git a/t/t9102-git-svn-deep-rmdir.sh b/t/t9102-git-svn-deep-rmdir.sh
index eb70f4839c..66cd51102c 100755
--- a/t/t9102-git-svn-deep-rmdir.sh
+++ b/t/t9102-git-svn-deep-rmdir.sh
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
 test_expect_success 'mirror via git svn' '
 	git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
 	git svn fetch &&
-	git checkout -f -b test-rmdir ${remotes_git_svn}
+	git checkout -f -b test-rmdir remotes/git-svn
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'Try a commit on rmdir' '
diff --git a/t/t9103-git-svn-tracked-directory-removed.sh b/t/t9103-git-svn-tracked-directory-removed.sh
index 3413164cb1..b28271345c 100755
--- a/t/t9103-git-svn-tracked-directory-removed.sh
+++ b/t/t9103-git-svn-tracked-directory-removed.sh
@@ -23,17 +23,19 @@ test_expect_success 'make history for tracking' '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone repo with git' '
 	git svn clone -s "$svnrepo" x &&
-	test -f x/FOLLOWME &&
-	test ! -f x/README
+	test_path_is_file x/FOLLOWME &&
+	test_path_is_missing x/README
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'make sure r2 still has old file' "
-	cd x &&
-		test -n \"\$(git svn find-rev r1)\" &&
-		git reset --hard \$(git svn find-rev r1) &&
-		test -f README &&
-		test ! -f FOLLOWME &&
-		test x\$(git svn find-rev r2) = x
-"
+test_expect_success 'make sure r2 still has old file' '
+	(
+		cd x &&
+		test -n "$(git svn find-rev r1)" &&
+		git reset --hard "$(git svn find-rev r1)" &&
+		test_path_is_file README &&
+		test_path_is_missing FOLLOWME &&
+		test -z "$(git svn find-rev r2)"
+	)
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9104-git-svn-follow-parent.sh b/t/t9104-git-svn-follow-parent.sh
index 83f17e13e8..5e0ad19177 100755
--- a/t/t9104-git-svn-follow-parent.sh
+++ b/t/t9104-git-svn-follow-parent.sh
@@ -31,12 +31,12 @@ test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
 test_expect_success 'init and fetch a moved directory' '
 	git svn init --minimize-url -i thunk "$svnrepo"/thunk &&
 	git svn fetch -i thunk &&
-	test "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/thunk@2`" \
-           = "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/thunk~1`" &&
-        test "`git cat-file blob refs/remotes/thunk:readme |\
-                 sed -n -e "3p"`" = goodbye &&
-	test -z "`git config --get svn-remote.svn.fetch \
-	         "^trunk:refs/remotes/thunk@2$"`"
+	test "$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/thunk@2)" \
+	   = "$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/thunk~1)" &&
+	git cat-file blob refs/remotes/thunk:readme >actual &&
+	test "$(sed -n -e "3p" actual)" = goodbye &&
+	test -z "$(git config --get svn-remote.svn.fetch \
+		 "^trunk:refs/remotes/thunk@2$")"
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'init and fetch from one svn-remote' '
@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@ test_expect_success 'init and fetch from one svn-remote' '
         git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
           thunk:refs/remotes/svn/thunk &&
         git svn fetch -i svn/thunk &&
-	test "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/svn/trunk`" \
-           = "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/svn/thunk~1`" &&
-        test "`git cat-file blob refs/remotes/svn/thunk:readme |\
-                 sed -n -e "3p"`" = goodbye
+	test "$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/svn/trunk)" \
+	   = "$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/svn/thunk~1)" &&
+	git cat-file blob refs/remotes/svn/thunk:readme >actual &&
+	test "$(sed -n -e "3p" actual)" = goodbye
         '
 
 test_expect_success 'follow deleted parent' '
@@ -61,9 +61,9 @@ test_expect_success 'follow deleted parent' '
           junk:refs/remotes/svn/junk &&
         git svn fetch -i svn/thunk &&
         git svn fetch -i svn/junk &&
-        test -z "`git diff svn/junk svn/trunk`" &&
-        test "`git merge-base svn/junk svn/trunk`" \
-           = "`git rev-parse svn/trunk`"
+	test -z "$(git diff svn/junk svn/trunk)" &&
+	test "$(git merge-base svn/junk svn/trunk)" \
+	   = "$(git rev-parse svn/trunk)"
         '
 
 test_expect_success 'follow larger parent' '
@@ -80,10 +80,10 @@ test_expect_success 'follow larger parent' '
         git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/larger &&
         git rev-parse --verify \
 	   refs/remotes/larger-parent &&
-        test "`git merge-base \
+	test "$(git merge-base \
 		 refs/remotes/larger-parent \
-                 refs/remotes/larger`" = \
-             "`git rev-parse refs/remotes/larger`"
+		 refs/remotes/larger)" = \
+	     "$(git rev-parse refs/remotes/larger)"
         '
 
 test_expect_success 'follow higher-level parent' '
@@ -106,8 +106,9 @@ test_expect_success 'follow deleted directory' '
 	svn_cmd rm -m "remove glob" "$svnrepo"/glob &&
 	git svn init --minimize-url -i glob "$svnrepo"/glob &&
 	git svn fetch -i glob &&
-	test "`git cat-file blob refs/remotes/glob:blob/bye`" = hi &&
-	test "`git ls-tree refs/remotes/glob | wc -l `" -eq 1
+	test "$(git cat-file blob refs/remotes/glob:blob/bye)" = hi &&
+	git ls-tree refs/remotes/glob >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 1 actual
 	'
 
 # ref: r9270 of the Subversion repository: (http://svn.collab.net/repos/svn)
@@ -142,9 +143,9 @@ test_expect_success 'follow-parent avoids deleting relevant info' '
 	git svn init --minimize-url -i r9270-t \
 	  "$svnrepo"/r9270/trunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl/native/t &&
 	git svn fetch -i r9270-t &&
-	test `git rev-list r9270-t | wc -l` -eq 2 &&
-	test "`git ls-tree --name-only r9270-t~1`" = \
-	     "`git ls-tree --name-only r9270-t`"
+	test $(git rev-list r9270-t | wc -l) -eq 2 &&
+	test "$(git ls-tree --name-only r9270-t~1)" = \
+	     "$(git ls-tree --name-only r9270-t)"
 	'
 
 test_expect_success "track initial change if it was only made to parent" '
@@ -152,11 +153,11 @@ test_expect_success "track initial change if it was only made to parent" '
 	git svn init --minimize-url -i r9270-d \
 	  "$svnrepo"/r9270/drunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl/native/t &&
 	git svn fetch -i r9270-d &&
-	test `git rev-list r9270-d | wc -l` -eq 3 &&
-	test "`git ls-tree --name-only r9270-t`" = \
-	     "`git ls-tree --name-only r9270-d`" &&
-	test "`git rev-parse r9270-t`" = \
-	     "`git rev-parse r9270-d~1`"
+	test $(git rev-list r9270-d | wc -l) -eq 3 &&
+	test "$(git ls-tree --name-only r9270-t)" = \
+	     "$(git ls-tree --name-only r9270-d)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse r9270-t)" = \
+	     "$(git rev-parse r9270-d~1)"
 	'
 
 test_expect_success "follow-parent is atomic" '
@@ -193,19 +194,20 @@ test_expect_success "follow-parent is atomic" '
 	git svn fetch -i stunk &&
 	git svn init --minimize-url -i flunked "$svnrepo"/flunked &&
 	git svn fetch -i flunked &&
-	test "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/flunk@18`" \
-	   = "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/stunk`" &&
-	test "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/flunk~1`" \
-	   = "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/stunk`" &&
-	test "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/flunked~1`" \
-	   = "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/stunk~1`"
+	test "$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/flunk@18)" \
+	   = "$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/stunk)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/flunk~1)" \
+	   = "$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/stunk)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/flunked~1)" \
+	   = "$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/stunk~1)"
 	'
 
 test_expect_success "track multi-parent paths" '
 	svn_cmd cp -m "resurrect /glob" "$svnrepo"/r9270 "$svnrepo"/glob &&
 	git svn multi-fetch &&
-	test `git cat-file commit refs/remotes/glob | \
-	       grep "^parent " | wc -l` -eq 2
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/glob >actual &&
+	grep "^parent " actual >actual2 &&
+	test_line_count = 2 actual2
 	'
 
 test_expect_success "multi-fetch continues to work" "
@@ -213,7 +215,10 @@ test_expect_success "multi-fetch continues to work" "
 	"
 
 test_expect_success "multi-fetch works off a 'clean' repository" '
-	rm -r "$GIT_DIR/svn" "$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes" "$GIT_DIR/logs" &&
+	rm -rf "$GIT_DIR/svn" &&
+	git for-each-ref --format="option no-deref%0adelete %(refname)" refs/remotes |
+	git update-ref --stdin &&
+	git reflog expire --all --expire=all &&
 	mkdir "$GIT_DIR/svn" &&
 	git svn multi-fetch
 	'
diff --git a/t/t9105-git-svn-commit-diff.sh b/t/t9105-git-svn-commit-diff.sh
index 5d0afeae6c..6ed5f74e25 100755
--- a/t/t9105-git-svn-commit-diff.sh
+++ b/t/t9105-git-svn-commit-diff.sh
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
 	git commit -a -m "another"
 	'
 
-head=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD^0`
-prev=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD^1`
+head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD^0)
+prev=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD^1)
 
 # the internals of the commit-diff command are the same as the regular
 # commit, so only a basic test of functionality is needed since we've
diff --git a/t/t9106-git-svn-commit-diff-clobber.sh b/t/t9106-git-svn-commit-diff-clobber.sh
index f6d7ac7c5f..dbe8deac0d 100755
--- a/t/t9106-git-svn-commit-diff-clobber.sh
+++ b/t/t9106-git-svn-commit-diff-clobber.sh
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ test_expect_success 'commit complementing change from git' '
 test_expect_success 'dcommit fails to commit because of conflict' '
 	git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
 	git svn fetch &&
-	git reset --hard refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	git reset --hard refs/remotes/git-svn &&
 	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" t.svn &&
 	(
 		cd t.svn &&
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ test_expect_success 'dcommit fails to commit because of conflict' '
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'dcommit does the svn equivalent of an index merge' "
-	git reset --hard refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	git reset --hard refs/remotes/git-svn &&
 	echo 'index merge' > file2 &&
 	git update-index --add file2 &&
 	git commit -a -m 'index merge' &&
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ test_expect_success 'commit another change from svn side' '
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'multiple dcommit from git svn will not clobber svn' "
-	git reset --hard refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	git reset --hard refs/remotes/git-svn &&
 	echo new file >> new-file &&
 	git update-index --add new-file &&
 	git commit -a -m 'new file' &&
diff --git a/t/t9107-git-svn-migrate.sh b/t/t9107-git-svn-migrate.sh
index 6e69fc4c65..ceaa5bad10 100755
--- a/t/t9107-git-svn-migrate.sh
+++ b/t/t9107-git-svn-migrate.sh
@@ -19,15 +19,16 @@ test_expect_success 'setup old-looking metadata' '
 	git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
 	git svn fetch &&
 	rm -rf "$GIT_DIR"/svn &&
-	git update-ref refs/heads/git-svn-HEAD refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
-	git update-ref refs/heads/svn-HEAD refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
-	git update-ref -d refs/${remotes_git_svn} refs/${remotes_git_svn}
+	git update-ref refs/heads/git-svn-HEAD refs/remotes/git-svn &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/svn-HEAD refs/remotes/git-svn &&
+	git update-ref -d refs/remotes/git-svn refs/remotes/git-svn
 	'
 
-head=`git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/git-svn-HEAD^0`
-test_expect_success 'git-svn-HEAD is a real HEAD' "test -n '$head'"
+test_expect_success 'git-svn-HEAD is a real HEAD' '
+	git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/git-svn-HEAD^0
+'
 
-svnrepo_escaped=`echo $svnrepo | sed 's/ /%20/'`
+svnrepo_escaped=$(echo $svnrepo | sed 's/ /%20/g')
 
 test_expect_success 'initialize old-style (v0) git svn layout' '
 	mkdir -p "$GIT_DIR"/git-svn/info "$GIT_DIR"/svn/info &&
@@ -35,30 +36,32 @@ test_expect_success 'initialize old-style (v0) git svn layout' '
 	echo "$svnrepo" > "$GIT_DIR"/svn/info/url &&
 	git svn migrate &&
 	! test -d "$GIT_DIR"/git-svn &&
-	git rev-parse --verify refs/${remotes_git_svn}^0 &&
+	git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/git-svn^0 &&
 	git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/svn^0 &&
 	test "$(git config --get svn-remote.svn.url)" = "$svnrepo_escaped" &&
-	test `git config --get svn-remote.svn.fetch` = \
-             ":refs/${remotes_git_svn}"
+	test $(git config --get svn-remote.svn.fetch) = \
+		":refs/remotes/git-svn"
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'initialize a multi-repository repo' '
 	git svn init "$svnrepo" -T trunk -t tags -b branches &&
 	git config --get-all svn-remote.svn.fetch > fetch.out &&
 	grep "^trunk:refs/remotes/origin/trunk$" fetch.out &&
-	test -n "`git config --get svn-remote.svn.branches \
-	            "^branches/\*:refs/remotes/origin/\*$"`" &&
-	test -n "`git config --get svn-remote.svn.tags \
-	            "^tags/\*:refs/remotes/origin/tags/\*$"`" &&
+	test -n "$(git config --get svn-remote.svn.branches \
+		    "^branches/\*:refs/remotes/origin/\*$")" &&
+	test -n "$(git config --get svn-remote.svn.tags \
+		    "^tags/\*:refs/remotes/origin/tags/\*$")" &&
 	git config --unset svn-remote.svn.branches \
 	                        "^branches/\*:refs/remotes/origin/\*$" &&
 	git config --unset svn-remote.svn.tags \
 	                        "^tags/\*:refs/remotes/origin/tags/\*$" &&
 	git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch "branches/a:refs/remotes/origin/a" &&
 	git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch "branches/b:refs/remotes/origin/b" &&
-	for i in tags/0.1 tags/0.2 tags/0.3; do
+	for i in tags/0.1 tags/0.2 tags/0.3
+	do
 		git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
-		                 $i:refs/remotes/origin/$i || exit 1; done &&
+			$i:refs/remotes/origin/$i || return 1
+	done &&
 	git config --get-all svn-remote.svn.fetch > fetch.out &&
 	grep "^trunk:refs/remotes/origin/trunk$" fetch.out &&
 	grep "^branches/a:refs/remotes/origin/a$" fetch.out &&
@@ -66,37 +69,45 @@ test_expect_success 'initialize a multi-repository repo' '
 	grep "^tags/0\.1:refs/remotes/origin/tags/0\.1$" fetch.out &&
 	grep "^tags/0\.2:refs/remotes/origin/tags/0\.2$" fetch.out &&
 	grep "^tags/0\.3:refs/remotes/origin/tags/0\.3$" fetch.out &&
-	grep "^:refs/${remotes_git_svn}" fetch.out
+	grep "^:refs/remotes/git-svn" fetch.out
 	'
 
 # refs should all be different, but the trees should all be the same:
-test_expect_success 'multi-fetch works on partial urls + paths' "
+test_expect_success 'multi-fetch works on partial urls + paths' '
+	refs="trunk a b tags/0.1 tags/0.2 tags/0.3" &&
 	git svn multi-fetch &&
-	for i in trunk a b tags/0.1 tags/0.2 tags/0.3; do
-		git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/\$i^0 >> refs.out || exit 1;
-	    done &&
-	test -z \"\`sort < refs.out | uniq -d\`\" &&
-	for i in trunk a b tags/0.1 tags/0.2 tags/0.3; do
-	  for j in trunk a b tags/0.1 tags/0.2 tags/0.3; do
-		if test \$j != \$i; then continue; fi
-	    test -z \"\`git diff refs/remotes/origin/\$i \
-	                         refs/remotes/origin/\$j\`\" ||exit 1; done; done
-	"
+	for i in $refs
+	do
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/$i^0 || return 1;
+	done >refs.out &&
+	test -z "$(sort <refs.out | uniq -d)" &&
+	for i in $refs
+	do
+		for j in $refs
+		do
+			git diff --exit-code refs/remotes/origin/$i \
+					     refs/remotes/origin/$j ||
+				return 1
+		done
+	done
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'migrate --minimize on old inited layout' '
 	git config --unset-all svn-remote.svn.fetch &&
 	git config --unset-all svn-remote.svn.url &&
 	rm -rf "$GIT_DIR"/svn &&
-	for i in `cat fetch.out`; do
-		path=`expr $i : "\([^:]*\):.*$"`
-		ref=`expr $i : "[^:]*:\(refs/remotes/.*\)$"`
+	for i in $(cat fetch.out)
+	do
+		path=$(expr $i : "\([^:]*\):.*$")
+		ref=$(expr $i : "[^:]*:\(refs/remotes/.*\)$")
 		if test -z "$ref"; then continue; fi
 		if test -n "$path"; then path="/$path"; fi
-		( mkdir -p "$GIT_DIR"/svn/$ref/info/ &&
-		echo "$svnrepo"$path > "$GIT_DIR"/svn/$ref/info/url ) || exit 1;
+		mkdir -p "$GIT_DIR"/svn/$ref/info/ &&
+		echo "$svnrepo"$path >"$GIT_DIR"/svn/$ref/info/url ||
+		return 1
 	done &&
 	git svn migrate --minimize &&
-	test -z "`git config -l | grep "^svn-remote\.git-svn\."`" &&
+	test -z "$(git config -l | grep "^svn-remote\.git-svn\.")" &&
 	git config --get-all svn-remote.svn.fetch > fetch.out &&
 	grep "^trunk:refs/remotes/origin/trunk$" fetch.out &&
 	grep "^branches/a:refs/remotes/origin/a$" fetch.out &&
@@ -104,7 +115,7 @@ test_expect_success 'migrate --minimize on old inited layout' '
 	grep "^tags/0\.1:refs/remotes/origin/tags/0\.1$" fetch.out &&
 	grep "^tags/0\.2:refs/remotes/origin/tags/0\.2$" fetch.out &&
 	grep "^tags/0\.3:refs/remotes/origin/tags/0\.3$" fetch.out &&
-	grep "^:refs/${remotes_git_svn}" fetch.out
+	grep "^:refs/remotes/git-svn" fetch.out
 	'
 
 test_expect_success  ".rev_db auto-converted to .rev_map.UUID" '
diff --git a/t/t9108-git-svn-glob.sh b/t/t9108-git-svn-glob.sh
index d732d31302..6990f64364 100755
--- a/t/t9108-git-svn-glob.sh
+++ b/t/t9108-git-svn-glob.sh
@@ -47,13 +47,13 @@ test_expect_success 'test refspec globbing' '
 	git config --add svn-remote.svn.tags\
 	                 "tags/*/src/a:refs/remotes/tags/*" &&
 	git svn multi-fetch &&
-	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/tags/end | \
-	    sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" > output.end &&
+	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/tags/end >actual &&
+	sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" actual >output.end &&
 	test_cmp expect.end output.end &&
-	test "`git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/end~1`" = \
-		"`git rev-parse refs/remotes/branches/start`" &&
-	test "`git rev-parse refs/remotes/branches/start~2`" = \
-		"`git rev-parse refs/remotes/trunk`" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/end~1)" = \
+		"$(git rev-parse refs/remotes/branches/start)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/remotes/branches/start~2)" = \
+		"$(git rev-parse refs/remotes/trunk)" &&
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/end@3
 	'
 
@@ -75,20 +75,25 @@ test_expect_success 'test left-hand-side only globbing' '
 		svn_cmd commit -m "try to try"
 	) &&
 	git svn fetch two &&
-	test `git rev-list refs/remotes/two/tags/end | wc -l` -eq 6 &&
-	test `git rev-list refs/remotes/two/branches/start | wc -l` -eq 3 &&
-	test `git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/branches/start~2` = \
-	     `git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/trunk` &&
-	test `git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/tags/end~3` = \
-	     `git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/branches/start` &&
-	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/two/tags/end | \
-	    sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" > output.two &&
+	git rev-list refs/remotes/two/tags/end >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 6 actual &&
+	git rev-list refs/remotes/two/branches/start >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 3 actual &&
+	test $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/branches/start~2) = \
+	     $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/trunk) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/tags/end~3) = \
+	     $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/branches/start) &&
+	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/two/tags/end >actual &&
+	sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" actual >output.two &&
 	test_cmp expect.two output.two
 	'
 
-echo "Only one set of wildcard directories" \
-     "(e.g. '*' or '*/*/*') is supported: 'branches/*/t/*'" > expect.three
-echo "" >> expect.three
+test_expect_success 'prepare test disallow multi-globs' "
+cat >expect.three <<EOF
+Only one set of wildcards (e.g. '*' or '*/*/*') is supported: branches/*/t/*
+
+EOF
+	"
 
 test_expect_success 'test disallow multi-globs' '
 	git config --add svn-remote.three.url "$svnrepo" &&
diff --git a/t/t9109-git-svn-multi-glob.sh b/t/t9109-git-svn-multi-glob.sh
index c318f9f946..c1e7542a37 100755
--- a/t/t9109-git-svn-multi-glob.sh
+++ b/t/t9109-git-svn-multi-glob.sh
@@ -47,13 +47,13 @@ test_expect_success 'test refspec globbing' '
 	git config --add svn-remote.svn.tags\
 	                 "tags/*/src/a:refs/remotes/tags/*" &&
 	git svn multi-fetch &&
-	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/tags/end | \
-	    sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" > output.end &&
+	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/tags/end >actual &&
+	sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" actual >output.end &&
 	test_cmp expect.end output.end &&
-	test "`git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/end~1`" = \
-		"`git rev-parse refs/remotes/branches/v1/start`" &&
-	test "`git rev-parse refs/remotes/branches/v1/start~2`" = \
-		"`git rev-parse refs/remotes/trunk`" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/end~1)" = \
+		"$(git rev-parse refs/remotes/branches/v1/start)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/remotes/branches/v1/start~2)" = \
+		"$(git rev-parse refs/remotes/trunk)" &&
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/end@3
 	'
 
@@ -75,14 +75,16 @@ test_expect_success 'test left-hand-side only globbing' '
 		svn_cmd commit -m "try to try"
 	) &&
 	git svn fetch two &&
-	test `git rev-list refs/remotes/two/tags/end | wc -l` -eq 6 &&
-	test `git rev-list refs/remotes/two/branches/v1/start | wc -l` -eq 3 &&
-	test `git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/branches/v1/start~2` = \
-	     `git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/trunk` &&
-	test `git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/tags/end~3` = \
-	     `git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/branches/v1/start` &&
-	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/two/tags/end | \
-	    sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" > output.two &&
+	git rev-list refs/remotes/two/tags/end >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 6 actual &&
+	git rev-list refs/remotes/two/branches/v1/start >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 3 actual &&
+	test $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/branches/v1/start~2) = \
+	     $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/trunk) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/tags/end~3) = \
+	     $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/branches/v1/start) &&
+	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/two/tags/end >actual &&
+	sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" actual >output.two &&
 	test_cmp expect.two output.two
 	'
 cat > expect.four <<EOF
@@ -124,20 +126,25 @@ test_expect_success 'test another branch' '
 	git config --add svn-remote.four.tags \
 	                 "tags/*:refs/remotes/four/tags/*" &&
 	git svn fetch four &&
-	test `git rev-list refs/remotes/four/tags/next | wc -l` -eq 5 &&
-	test `git rev-list refs/remotes/four/branches/v2/start | wc -l` -eq 3 &&
-	test `git rev-parse refs/remotes/four/branches/v2/start~2` = \
-	     `git rev-parse refs/remotes/four/trunk` &&
-	test `git rev-parse refs/remotes/four/tags/next~2` = \
-	     `git rev-parse refs/remotes/four/branches/v2/start` &&
-	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/four/tags/next | \
-	    sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" > output.four &&
+	git rev-list refs/remotes/four/tags/next >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 5 actual &&
+	git rev-list refs/remotes/four/branches/v2/start >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 3 actual &&
+	test $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/four/branches/v2/start~2) = \
+	     $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/four/trunk) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/four/tags/next~2) = \
+	     $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/four/branches/v2/start) &&
+	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/four/tags/next >actual &&
+	sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" actual >output.four &&
 	test_cmp expect.four output.four
 	'
 
-echo "Only one set of wildcard directories" \
-     "(e.g. '*' or '*/*/*') is supported: 'branches/*/t/*'" > expect.three
-echo "" >> expect.three
+test_expect_success 'prepare test disallow multiple globs' "
+cat >expect.three <<EOF
+Only one set of wildcards (e.g. '*' or '*/*/*') is supported: branches/*/t/*
+
+EOF
+	"
 
 test_expect_success 'test disallow multiple globs' '
 	git config --add svn-remote.three.url "$svnrepo" &&
diff --git a/t/t9110-git-svn-use-svm-props.sh b/t/t9110-git-svn-use-svm-props.sh
index a06e4c5b8e..ad37d980c9 100755
--- a/t/t9110-git-svn-use-svm-props.sh
+++ b/t/t9110-git-svn-use-svm-props.sh
@@ -21,37 +21,37 @@ uuid=161ce429-a9dd-4828-af4a-52023f968c89
 
 bar_url=http://mayonaise/svnrepo/bar
 test_expect_success 'verify metadata for /bar' "
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@12 $uuid$' &&
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~1 | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@11 $uuid$' &&
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~2 | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@10 $uuid$' &&
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~3 | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@9 $uuid$' &&
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~4 | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@6 $uuid$' &&
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~5 | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@1 $uuid$'
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@12 $uuid$' actual &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~1 >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@11 $uuid$' actual &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~2 >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@10 $uuid$' actual &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~3 >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@9 $uuid$' actual &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~4 >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@6 $uuid$' actual &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~5 >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@1 $uuid$' actual
 	"
 
 e_url=http://mayonaise/svnrepo/dir/a/b/c/d/e
 test_expect_success 'verify metadata for /dir/a/b/c/d/e' "
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/e | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $e_url@1 $uuid$'
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/e >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $e_url@1 $uuid$' actual
 	"
 
 dir_url=http://mayonaise/svnrepo/dir
 test_expect_success 'verify metadata for /dir' "
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/dir | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $dir_url@2 $uuid$' &&
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/dir~1 | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $dir_url@1 $uuid$'
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/dir >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $dir_url@2 $uuid$' actual &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/dir~1 >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $dir_url@1 $uuid$' actual
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'find commit based on SVN revision number' "
-        git svn find-rev r12 |
-	    grep `git rev-parse HEAD`
+	git svn find-rev r12 >actual &&
+	grep $(git rev-parse HEAD) actual
         "
 
 test_expect_success 'empty rebase' "
diff --git a/t/t9111-git-svn-use-svnsync-props.sh b/t/t9111-git-svn-use-svnsync-props.sh
index bd081c2ec3..6c93073551 100755
--- a/t/t9111-git-svn-use-svnsync-props.sh
+++ b/t/t9111-git-svn-use-svnsync-props.sh
@@ -20,32 +20,32 @@ uuid=161ce429-a9dd-4828-af4a-52023f968c89
 
 bar_url=http://mayonaise/svnrepo/bar
 test_expect_success 'verify metadata for /bar' "
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@12 $uuid$' &&
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~1 | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@11 $uuid$' &&
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~2 | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@10 $uuid$' &&
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~3 | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@9 $uuid$' &&
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~4 | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@6 $uuid$' &&
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~5 | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $bar_url@1 $uuid$'
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@12 $uuid$' actual &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~1 >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@11 $uuid$' actual &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~2 >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@10 $uuid$' actual &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~3 >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@9 $uuid$' actual &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~4 >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@6 $uuid$' actual &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/bar~5 >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $bar_url@1 $uuid$' actual
 	"
 
 e_url=http://mayonaise/svnrepo/dir/a/b/c/d/e
 test_expect_success 'verify metadata for /dir/a/b/c/d/e' "
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/e | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $e_url@1 $uuid$'
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/e >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $e_url@1 $uuid$' actual
 	"
 
 dir_url=http://mayonaise/svnrepo/dir
 test_expect_success 'verify metadata for /dir' "
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/dir | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $dir_url@2 $uuid$' &&
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/dir~1 | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: $dir_url@1 $uuid$'
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/dir >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $dir_url@2 $uuid$' actual &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/dir~1 >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: $dir_url@1 $uuid$' actual
 	"
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9114-git-svn-dcommit-merge.sh b/t/t9114-git-svn-dcommit-merge.sh
index fb41876677..32317d6bca 100755
--- a/t/t9114-git-svn-dcommit-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t9114-git-svn-dcommit-merge.sh
@@ -27,9 +27,7 @@ cat << EOF
 # GNU General Public License for more details.
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
-# MA 02111-1307 USA
+# along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
 EOF
 }
@@ -68,9 +66,10 @@ test_expect_success 'setup git mirror and merge' '
 test_debug 'gitk --all & sleep 1'
 
 test_expect_success 'verify pre-merge ancestry' "
-	test x\`git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/svn^2\` = \
-	     x\`git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/merge\` &&
-	git cat-file commit refs/heads/svn^ | grep '^friend$'
+	test x\$(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/svn^2) = \
+	     x\$(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/merge) &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/heads/svn^ >actual &&
+	grep '^friend$' actual
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'git svn dcommit merges' "
@@ -80,16 +79,17 @@ test_expect_success 'git svn dcommit merges' "
 test_debug 'gitk --all & sleep 1'
 
 test_expect_success 'verify post-merge ancestry' "
-	test x\`git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/svn\` = \
-	     x\`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/trunk \` &&
-	test x\`git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/svn^2\` = \
-	     x\`git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/merge\` &&
-	git cat-file commit refs/heads/svn^ | grep '^friend$'
+	test x\$(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/svn) = \
+	     x\$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/trunk) &&
+	test x\$(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/svn^2) = \
+	     x\$(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/merge) &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/heads/svn^ >actual &&
+	grep '^friend$' actual
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'verify merge commit message' "
-	git rev-list --pretty=raw -1 refs/heads/svn | \
-	  grep \"    Merge branch 'merge' into svn\"
+	git rev-list --pretty=raw -1 refs/heads/svn >actual &&
+	grep \"    Merge branch 'merge' into svn\" actual
 	"
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9115-git-svn-dcommit-funky-renames.sh b/t/t9115-git-svn-dcommit-funky-renames.sh
index 6a48e40429..64bb495834 100755
--- a/t/t9115-git-svn-dcommit-funky-renames.sh
+++ b/t/t9115-git-svn-dcommit-funky-renames.sh
@@ -8,9 +8,10 @@ test_description='git svn dcommit can commit renames of files with ugly names'
 . ./lib-git-svn.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'load repository with strange names' '
-	svnadmin load -q "$rawsvnrepo" < "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t9115/funky-names.dump &&
-	start_httpd gtk+
-	'
+	svnadmin load -q "$rawsvnrepo" <"$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t9115/funky-names.dump
+'
+
+maybe_start_httpd gtk+
 
 test_expect_success 'init and fetch repository' '
 	git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
@@ -77,11 +78,47 @@ test_expect_success 'make a commit to test rebase' '
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'git svn rebase works inside a fresh-cloned repository' '
-	cd test-rebase &&
+	(
+		cd test-rebase &&
 		git svn rebase &&
 		test -e test-rebase-main &&
 		test -e test-rebase
-	'
+	)'
+
+# Without this, LC_ALL=C as set in test-lib.sh, and Cygwin converts
+# non-ASCII characters in filenames unexpectedly, and causes errors.
+# https://cygwin.com/cygwin-ug-net/using-specialnames.html#pathnames-specialchars
+# > Some characters are disallowed in filenames on Windows filesystems. ...
+# ...
+# > ... All of the above characters, except for the backslash, are converted
+# > to special UNICODE characters in the range 0xf000 to 0xf0ff (the
+# > "Private use area") when creating or accessing files.
+prepare_a_utf8_locale
+test_expect_success UTF8,!MINGW,!UTF8_NFD_TO_NFC 'svn.pathnameencoding=cp932 new file on dcommit' '
+	LC_ALL=$a_utf8_locale &&
+	export LC_ALL &&
+	neq=$(printf "\201\202") &&
+	git config svn.pathnameencoding cp932 &&
+	echo neq >"$neq" &&
+	git add "$neq" &&
+	git commit -m "neq" &&
+	git svn dcommit
+'
+
+# See the comment on the above test for setting of LC_ALL.
+test_expect_success !MINGW,!UTF8_NFD_TO_NFC 'svn.pathnameencoding=cp932 rename on dcommit' '
+	LC_ALL=$a_utf8_locale &&
+	export LC_ALL &&
+	inf=$(printf "\201\207") &&
+	git config svn.pathnameencoding cp932 &&
+	echo inf >"$inf" &&
+	git add "$inf" &&
+	git commit -m "inf" &&
+	git svn dcommit &&
+	git mv "$inf" inf &&
+	git commit -m "inf rename" &&
+	git svn dcommit
+'
 
 stop_httpd
 
diff --git a/t/t9117-git-svn-init-clone.sh b/t/t9117-git-svn-init-clone.sh
index a66f43c6b1..044f65e916 100755
--- a/t/t9117-git-svn-init-clone.sh
+++ b/t/t9117-git-svn-init-clone.sh
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ test_expect_success 'clone to target directory with --stdlayout' '
 test_expect_success 'init without -s/-T/-b/-t does not warn' '
 	test ! -d trunk &&
 	git svn init "$svnrepo"/project/trunk trunk 2>warning &&
-	test_must_fail grep -q prefix warning &&
+	! grep -q prefix warning &&
 	rm -rf trunk &&
 	rm -f warning
 	'
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ test_expect_success 'init without -s/-T/-b/-t does not warn' '
 test_expect_success 'clone without -s/-T/-b/-t does not warn' '
 	test ! -d trunk &&
 	git svn clone "$svnrepo"/project/trunk 2>warning &&
-	test_must_fail grep -q prefix warning &&
+	! grep -q prefix warning &&
 	rm -rf trunk &&
 	rm -f warning
 	'
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success 'init with -s/-T/-b/-t assumes --prefix=origin/' '
 	test ! -d project &&
 	git svn init -s "$svnrepo"/project project 2>warning &&
-	test_must_fail grep -q prefix warning &&
+	! grep -q prefix warning &&
 	test_svn_configured_prefix "origin/" &&
 	rm -rf project &&
 	rm -f warning
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ test_expect_success 'init with -s/-T/-b/-t assumes --prefix=origin/' '
 test_expect_success 'clone with -s/-T/-b/-t assumes --prefix=origin/' '
 	test ! -d project &&
 	git svn clone -s "$svnrepo"/project 2>warning &&
-	test_must_fail grep -q prefix warning &&
+	! grep -q prefix warning &&
 	test_svn_configured_prefix "origin/" &&
 	rm -rf project &&
 	rm -f warning
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ test_expect_success 'clone with -s/-T/-b/-t assumes --prefix=origin/' '
 test_expect_success 'init with -s/-T/-b/-t and --prefix "" still works' '
 	test ! -d project &&
 	git svn init -s "$svnrepo"/project project --prefix "" 2>warning &&
-	test_must_fail grep -q prefix warning &&
+	! grep -q prefix warning &&
 	test_svn_configured_prefix "" &&
 	rm -rf project &&
 	rm -f warning
@@ -113,10 +113,16 @@ test_expect_success 'init with -s/-T/-b/-t and --prefix "" still works' '
 test_expect_success 'clone with -s/-T/-b/-t and --prefix "" still works' '
 	test ! -d project &&
 	git svn clone -s "$svnrepo"/project --prefix "" 2>warning &&
-	test_must_fail grep -q prefix warning &&
+	! grep -q prefix warning &&
 	test_svn_configured_prefix "" &&
 	rm -rf project &&
 	rm -f warning
 	'
 
+test_expect_success 'init with -T as a full url works' '
+	test ! -d project &&
+	git svn init -T "$svnrepo"/project/trunk project &&
+	rm -rf project
+	'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9118-git-svn-funky-branch-names.sh b/t/t9118-git-svn-funky-branch-names.sh
index ed4d1369cc..41a026637f 100755
--- a/t/t9118-git-svn-funky-branch-names.sh
+++ b/t/t9118-git-svn-funky-branch-names.sh
@@ -23,19 +23,22 @@ test_expect_success 'setup svnrepo' '
 	              "$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/$scary_uri" &&
 	svn_cmd cp -m "leading dot" "$svnrepo/pr ject/trunk" \
 			"$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/.leading_dot" &&
-	svn_cmd cp -m "trailing dot" "$svnrepo/pr ject/trunk" \
-			"$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/trailing_dot." &&
+	if test_have_prereq !MINGW
+	then
+		svn_cmd cp -m "trailing dot" "$svnrepo/pr ject/trunk" \
+			"$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/trailing_dot."
+	fi &&
 	svn_cmd cp -m "trailing .lock" "$svnrepo/pr ject/trunk" \
 			"$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/trailing_dotlock.lock" &&
 	svn_cmd cp -m "reflog" "$svnrepo/pr ject/trunk" \
 			"$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/not-a@{0}reflog@" &&
-	start_httpd
+	maybe_start_httpd
 	'
 
 # SVN 1.7 will truncate "not-a%40{0]" to just "not-a".
 # Look at what SVN wound up naming the branch and use that.
 # Be sure to escape the @ if it shows up.
-non_reflog=`svn_cmd ls "$svnrepo/pr ject/branches" | grep not-a | sed 's/\///' | sed 's/@/%40/'`
+non_reflog=$(svn_cmd ls "$svnrepo/pr ject/branches" | grep not-a | sed 's/\///' | sed 's/@/%40/')
 
 test_expect_success 'test clone with funky branch names' '
 	git svn clone -s "$svnrepo/pr ject" project &&
@@ -45,7 +48,10 @@ test_expect_success 'test clone with funky branch names' '
 		git rev-parse "refs/remotes/origin/more%20fun%20plugin!" &&
 		git rev-parse "refs/remotes/origin/$scary_ref" &&
 		git rev-parse "refs/remotes/origin/%2Eleading_dot" &&
-		git rev-parse "refs/remotes/origin/trailing_dot%2E" &&
+		if test_have_prereq !MINGW
+		then
+			git rev-parse "refs/remotes/origin/trailing_dot%2E"
+		fi &&
 		git rev-parse "refs/remotes/origin/trailing_dotlock%2Elock" &&
 		git rev-parse "refs/remotes/origin/$non_reflog"
 	)
diff --git a/t/t9119-git-svn-info.sh b/t/t9119-git-svn-info.sh
index f16f3234a1..8201c3e808 100755
--- a/t/t9119-git-svn-info.sh
+++ b/t/t9119-git-svn-info.sh
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ test_description='git svn info'
 
 # Tested with: svn, version 1.4.4 (r25188)
 # Tested with: svn, version 1.6.[12345689]
-v=`svn_cmd --version | sed -n -e 's/^svn, version \(1\.[0-9]*\.[0-9]*\).*$/\1/p'`
+v=$(svn_cmd --version | sed -n -e 's/^svn, version \(1\.[0-9]*\.[0-9]*\).*$/\1/p')
 case $v in
 1.[456].*)
 	;;
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ esac
 # same value as "svn info" (i.e. the commit timestamp that touched the
 # path most recently); do not expect that field to match.
 test_cmp_info () {
-	sed -e '/^Text Last Updated:/d' "$1" >tmp.expect
-	sed -e '/^Text Last Updated:/d' "$2" >tmp.actual
+	sed -e '/^Text Last Updated:/d' "$1" >tmp.expect &&
+	sed -e '/^Text Last Updated:/d' "$2" >tmp.actual &&
 	test_cmp tmp.expect tmp.actual &&
 	rm -f tmp.expect tmp.actual
 }
@@ -59,24 +59,24 @@ test_expect_success 'setup repository and import' '
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'info' "
-	(cd svnwc; svn info) > expected.info &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info) > actual.info &&
+	(cd svnwc && svn info) > expected.info &&
+	(cd gitwc && git svn info) > actual.info &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info actual.info
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url' '
-	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url)" = "$quoted_svnrepo"
+	test "$(cd gitwc && git svn info --url)" = "$quoted_svnrepo"
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'info .' "
-	(cd svnwc; svn info .) > expected.info-dot &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info .) > actual.info-dot &&
+	(cd svnwc && svn info .) > expected.info-dot &&
+	(cd gitwc && git svn info .) > actual.info-dot &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info-dot actual.info-dot
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info $(pwd)' '
-	(cd svnwc; svn info "$(pwd)") >expected.info-pwd &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info "$(pwd)") >actual.info-pwd &&
+	(cd svnwc && svn info "$(pwd)") >expected.info-pwd &&
+	(cd gitwc && git svn info "$(pwd)") >actual.info-pwd &&
 	grep -v ^Path: <expected.info-pwd >expected.info-np &&
 	grep -v ^Path: <actual.info-pwd >actual.info-np &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info-np actual.info-np &&
@@ -85,8 +85,8 @@ test_expect_success 'info $(pwd)' '
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'info $(pwd)/../___wc' '
-	(cd svnwc; svn info "$(pwd)/../svnwc") >expected.info-pwd &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info "$(pwd)/../gitwc") >actual.info-pwd &&
+	(cd svnwc && svn info "$(pwd)/../svnwc") >expected.info-pwd &&
+	(cd gitwc && git svn info "$(pwd)/../gitwc") >actual.info-pwd &&
 	grep -v ^Path: <expected.info-pwd >expected.info-np &&
 	grep -v ^Path: <actual.info-pwd >actual.info-np &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info-np actual.info-np &&
@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ test_expect_success 'info $(pwd)/../___wc' '
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'info $(pwd)/../___wc//file' '
-	(cd svnwc; svn info "$(pwd)/../svnwc//file") >expected.info-pwd &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info "$(pwd)/../gitwc//file") >actual.info-pwd &&
+	(cd svnwc && svn info "$(pwd)/../svnwc//file") >expected.info-pwd &&
+	(cd gitwc && git svn info "$(pwd)/../gitwc//file") >actual.info-pwd &&
 	grep -v ^Path: <expected.info-pwd >expected.info-np &&
 	grep -v ^Path: <actual.info-pwd >actual.info-np &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info-np actual.info-np &&
@@ -105,56 +105,56 @@ test_expect_success 'info $(pwd)/../___wc//file' '
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url .' '
-	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url .)" = "$quoted_svnrepo"
+	test "$(cd gitwc && git svn info --url .)" = "$quoted_svnrepo"
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'info file' "
-	(cd svnwc; svn info file) > expected.info-file &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info file) > actual.info-file &&
+	(cd svnwc && svn info file) > expected.info-file &&
+	(cd gitwc && git svn info file) > actual.info-file &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info-file actual.info-file
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url file' '
-	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url file)" = "$quoted_svnrepo/file"
+	test "$(cd gitwc && git svn info --url file)" = "$quoted_svnrepo/file"
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'info directory' "
-	(cd svnwc; svn info directory) > expected.info-directory &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info directory) > actual.info-directory &&
+	(cd svnwc && svn info directory) > expected.info-directory &&
+	(cd gitwc && git svn info directory) > actual.info-directory &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info-directory actual.info-directory
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info inside directory' "
-	(cd svnwc/directory; svn info) > expected.info-inside-directory &&
-	(cd gitwc/directory; git svn info) > actual.info-inside-directory &&
+	(cd svnwc/directory && svn info) > expected.info-inside-directory &&
+	(cd gitwc/directory && git svn info) > actual.info-inside-directory &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info-inside-directory actual.info-inside-directory
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url directory' '
-	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url directory)" = "$quoted_svnrepo/directory"
+	test "$(cd gitwc && git svn info --url directory)" = "$quoted_svnrepo/directory"
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'info symlink-file' "
-	(cd svnwc; svn info symlink-file) > expected.info-symlink-file &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info symlink-file) > actual.info-symlink-file &&
+	(cd svnwc && svn info symlink-file) > expected.info-symlink-file &&
+	(cd gitwc && git svn info symlink-file) > actual.info-symlink-file &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info-symlink-file actual.info-symlink-file
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url symlink-file' '
-	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url symlink-file)" \
+	test "$(cd gitwc && git svn info --url symlink-file)" \
 	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/symlink-file"
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'info symlink-directory' "
-	(cd svnwc; svn info symlink-directory) \
+	(cd svnwc && svn info symlink-directory) \
 		> expected.info-symlink-directory &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info symlink-directory) \
+	(cd gitwc && git svn info symlink-directory) \
 		> actual.info-symlink-directory &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info-symlink-directory actual.info-symlink-directory
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url symlink-directory' '
-	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url symlink-directory)" \
+	test "$(cd gitwc && git svn info --url symlink-directory)" \
 	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/symlink-directory"
 	'
 
@@ -169,13 +169,13 @@ test_expect_success 'info added-file' "
 		cd svnwc &&
 		svn_cmd add added-file > /dev/null
 	) &&
-	(cd svnwc; svn info added-file) > expected.info-added-file &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info added-file) > actual.info-added-file &&
+	(cd svnwc && svn info added-file) > expected.info-added-file &&
+	(cd gitwc && git svn info added-file) > actual.info-added-file &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info-added-file actual.info-added-file
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url added-file' '
-	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url added-file)" \
+	test "$(cd gitwc && git svn info --url added-file)" \
 	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/added-file"
 	'
 
@@ -190,15 +190,15 @@ test_expect_success 'info added-directory' "
 		cd gitwc &&
 		git add added-directory
 	) &&
-	(cd svnwc; svn info added-directory) \
+	(cd svnwc && svn info added-directory) \
 		> expected.info-added-directory &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info added-directory) \
+	(cd gitwc && git svn info added-directory) \
 		> actual.info-added-directory &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info-added-directory actual.info-added-directory
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url added-directory' '
-	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url added-directory)" \
+	test "$(cd gitwc && git svn info --url added-directory)" \
 	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/added-directory"
 	'
 
@@ -213,16 +213,16 @@ test_expect_success 'info added-symlink-file' "
 		ln -s added-file added-symlink-file &&
 		svn_cmd add added-symlink-file > /dev/null
 	) &&
-	(cd svnwc; svn info added-symlink-file) \
+	(cd svnwc && svn info added-symlink-file) \
 		> expected.info-added-symlink-file &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info added-symlink-file) \
+	(cd gitwc && git svn info added-symlink-file) \
 		> actual.info-added-symlink-file &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info-added-symlink-file \
 		actual.info-added-symlink-file
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url added-symlink-file' '
-	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url added-symlink-file)" \
+	test "$(cd gitwc && git svn info --url added-symlink-file)" \
 	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/added-symlink-file"
 	'
 
@@ -237,16 +237,16 @@ test_expect_success 'info added-symlink-directory' "
 		ln -s added-directory added-symlink-directory &&
 		svn_cmd add added-symlink-directory > /dev/null
 	) &&
-	(cd svnwc; svn info added-symlink-directory) \
+	(cd svnwc && svn info added-symlink-directory) \
 		> expected.info-added-symlink-directory &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info added-symlink-directory) \
+	(cd gitwc && git svn info added-symlink-directory) \
 		> actual.info-added-symlink-directory &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info-added-symlink-directory \
 		actual.info-added-symlink-directory
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url added-symlink-directory' '
-	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url added-symlink-directory)" \
+	test "$(cd gitwc && git svn info --url added-symlink-directory)" \
 	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/added-symlink-directory"
 	'
 
@@ -259,13 +259,13 @@ test_expect_success 'info deleted-file' "
 		cd svnwc &&
 		svn_cmd rm --force file > /dev/null
 	) &&
-	(cd svnwc; svn info file) >expected.info-deleted-file &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info file) >actual.info-deleted-file &&
+	(cd svnwc && svn info file) >expected.info-deleted-file &&
+	(cd gitwc && git svn info file) >actual.info-deleted-file &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info-deleted-file actual.info-deleted-file
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url file (deleted)' '
-	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url file)" \
+	test "$(cd gitwc && git svn info --url file)" \
 	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/file"
 	'
 
@@ -278,13 +278,13 @@ test_expect_success 'info deleted-directory' "
 		cd svnwc &&
 		svn_cmd rm --force directory > /dev/null
 	) &&
-	(cd svnwc; svn info directory) >expected.info-deleted-directory &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info directory) >actual.info-deleted-directory &&
+	(cd svnwc && svn info directory) >expected.info-deleted-directory &&
+	(cd gitwc && git svn info directory) >actual.info-deleted-directory &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info-deleted-directory actual.info-deleted-directory
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url directory (deleted)' '
-	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url directory)" \
+	test "$(cd gitwc && git svn info --url directory)" \
 	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/directory"
 	'
 
@@ -297,13 +297,13 @@ test_expect_success 'info deleted-symlink-file' "
 		cd svnwc &&
 		svn_cmd rm --force symlink-file > /dev/null
 	) &&
-	(cd svnwc; svn info symlink-file) >expected.info-deleted-symlink-file &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info symlink-file) >actual.info-deleted-symlink-file &&
+	(cd svnwc && svn info symlink-file) >expected.info-deleted-symlink-file &&
+	(cd gitwc && git svn info symlink-file) >actual.info-deleted-symlink-file &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info-deleted-symlink-file actual.info-deleted-symlink-file
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url symlink-file (deleted)' '
-	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url symlink-file)" \
+	test "$(cd gitwc && git svn info --url symlink-file)" \
 	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/symlink-file"
 	'
 
@@ -316,13 +316,13 @@ test_expect_success 'info deleted-symlink-directory' "
 		cd svnwc &&
 		svn_cmd rm --force symlink-directory > /dev/null
 	) &&
-	(cd svnwc; svn info symlink-directory) >expected.info-deleted-symlink-directory &&
-	(cd gitwc; git svn info symlink-directory) >actual.info-deleted-symlink-directory &&
+	(cd svnwc && svn info symlink-directory) >expected.info-deleted-symlink-directory &&
+	(cd gitwc && git svn info symlink-directory) >actual.info-deleted-symlink-directory &&
 	test_cmp_info expected.info-deleted-symlink-directory actual.info-deleted-symlink-directory
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url symlink-directory (deleted)' '
-	test "$(cd gitwc; git svn info --url symlink-directory)" \
+	test "$(cd gitwc && git svn info --url symlink-directory)" \
 	     = "$quoted_svnrepo/symlink-directory"
 	'
 
@@ -331,27 +331,27 @@ test_expect_success 'info --url symlink-directory (deleted)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'info unknown-file' "
 	echo two > gitwc/unknown-file &&
-	(cd gitwc; test_must_fail git svn info unknown-file) \
+	(cd gitwc && test_must_fail git svn info unknown-file) \
 		 2> actual.info-unknown-file &&
 	grep unknown-file actual.info-unknown-file
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url unknown-file' '
 	echo two > gitwc/unknown-file &&
-	(cd gitwc; test_must_fail git svn info --url unknown-file) \
+	(cd gitwc && test_must_fail git svn info --url unknown-file) \
 		 2> actual.info-url-unknown-file &&
 	grep unknown-file actual.info-url-unknown-file
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'info unknown-directory' "
 	mkdir gitwc/unknown-directory svnwc/unknown-directory &&
-	(cd gitwc; test_must_fail git svn info unknown-directory) \
+	(cd gitwc && test_must_fail git svn info unknown-directory) \
 		 2> actual.info-unknown-directory &&
 	grep unknown-directory actual.info-unknown-directory
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url unknown-directory' '
-	(cd gitwc; test_must_fail git svn info --url unknown-directory) \
+	(cd gitwc && test_must_fail git svn info --url unknown-directory) \
 		 2> actual.info-url-unknown-directory &&
 	grep unknown-directory actual.info-url-unknown-directory
 	'
@@ -361,13 +361,13 @@ test_expect_success 'info unknown-symlink-file' "
 		cd gitwc &&
 		ln -s unknown-file unknown-symlink-file
 	) &&
-	(cd gitwc; test_must_fail git svn info unknown-symlink-file) \
+	(cd gitwc && test_must_fail git svn info unknown-symlink-file) \
 		 2> actual.info-unknown-symlink-file &&
 	grep unknown-symlink-file actual.info-unknown-symlink-file
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url unknown-symlink-file' '
-	(cd gitwc; test_must_fail git svn info --url unknown-symlink-file) \
+	(cd gitwc && test_must_fail git svn info --url unknown-symlink-file) \
 		 2> actual.info-url-unknown-symlink-file &&
 	grep unknown-symlink-file actual.info-url-unknown-symlink-file
 	'
@@ -377,13 +377,13 @@ test_expect_success 'info unknown-symlink-directory' "
 		cd gitwc &&
 		ln -s unknown-directory unknown-symlink-directory
 	) &&
-	(cd gitwc; test_must_fail git svn info unknown-symlink-directory) \
+	(cd gitwc && test_must_fail git svn info unknown-symlink-directory) \
 		 2> actual.info-unknown-symlink-directory &&
 	grep unknown-symlink-directory actual.info-unknown-symlink-directory
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'info --url unknown-symlink-directory' '
-	(cd gitwc; test_must_fail git svn info --url unknown-symlink-directory) \
+	(cd gitwc && test_must_fail git svn info --url unknown-symlink-directory) \
 		 2> actual.info-url-unknown-symlink-directory &&
 	grep unknown-symlink-directory actual.info-url-unknown-symlink-directory
 	'
diff --git a/t/t9120-git-svn-clone-with-percent-escapes.sh b/t/t9120-git-svn-clone-with-percent-escapes.sh
index 1c84ce1023..b28a1741e3 100755
--- a/t/t9120-git-svn-clone-with-percent-escapes.sh
+++ b/t/t9120-git-svn-clone-with-percent-escapes.sh
@@ -15,14 +15,14 @@ test_expect_success 'setup svnrepo' '
 	svn_cmd cp -m "tag" "$svnrepo/pr ject/trunk" \
 	  "$svnrepo/pr ject/tags/v1" &&
 	rm -rf project &&
-	start_httpd
+	maybe_start_httpd
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'test clone with percent escapes' '
 	git svn clone "$svnrepo/pr%20ject" clone &&
 	(
 		cd clone &&
-		git rev-parse refs/${remotes_git_svn}
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/git-svn
 	)
 '
 
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ test_expect_success 'test clone trunk with percent escapes and minimize-url' '
 	git svn clone --minimize-url "$svnrepo/pr%20ject/trunk" minimize &&
 	(
 		cd minimize &&
-		git rev-parse refs/${remotes_git_svn}
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/git-svn
 	)
 '
 
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ test_expect_success 'test clone trunk with percent escapes' '
 	git svn clone "$svnrepo/pr%20ject/trunk" trunk &&
 	(
 		cd trunk &&
-		git rev-parse refs/${remotes_git_svn}
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/git-svn
 	)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t9122-git-svn-author.sh b/t/t9122-git-svn-author.sh
index 30013b7bb9..9e8fe38e7e 100755
--- a/t/t9122-git-svn-author.sh
+++ b/t/t9122-git-svn-author.sh
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ test_expect_success 'setup svn repository' '
 	svn_cmd checkout "$svnrepo" work.svn &&
 	(
 		cd work.svn &&
-		echo >file
-		svn_cmd add file
+		echo >file &&
+		svn_cmd add file &&
 		svn_cmd commit -m "first commit" file
 	)
 '
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ test_expect_success 'interact with it via git svn' '
 	mkdir work.git &&
 	(
 		cd work.git &&
-		git svn init "$svnrepo"
+		git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
 		git svn fetch &&
 
 		echo modification >file &&
diff --git a/t/t9123-git-svn-rebuild-with-rewriteroot.sh b/t/t9123-git-svn-rebuild-with-rewriteroot.sh
index fd8184787f..ead404589e 100755
--- a/t/t9123-git-svn-rebuild-with-rewriteroot.sh
+++ b/t/t9123-git-svn-rebuild-with-rewriteroot.sh
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ rm -rf import
 test_expect_success 'init, fetch and checkout repository' '
 	git svn init --rewrite-root=http://invalid.invalid/ "$svnrepo" &&
 	git svn fetch &&
-	git checkout -b mybranch ${remotes_git_svn}
+	git checkout -b mybranch remotes/git-svn
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'remove rev_map' '
diff --git a/t/t9124-git-svn-dcommit-auto-props.sh b/t/t9124-git-svn-dcommit-auto-props.sh
index aa841e1299..9f7231d5b7 100755
--- a/t/t9124-git-svn-dcommit-auto-props.sh
+++ b/t/t9124-git-svn-dcommit-auto-props.sh
@@ -34,8 +34,7 @@ test_expect_success 'enable auto-props config' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'add files matching auto-props' '
-	echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" >exec1.sh &&
-	chmod +x exec1.sh &&
+	write_script exec1.sh </dev/null &&
 	echo "hello" >hello.txt &&
 	echo bar >bar &&
 	git add exec1.sh hello.txt bar &&
@@ -48,8 +47,7 @@ test_expect_success 'disable auto-props config' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'add files matching disabled auto-props' '
-	echo "#$SHELL_PATH" >exec2.sh &&
-	chmod +x exec2.sh &&
+	write_script exec2.sh </dev/null &&
 	echo "world" >world.txt &&
 	echo zot >zot &&
 	git add exec2.sh world.txt zot &&
@@ -65,7 +63,10 @@ test_expect_success 'check resulting svn repository' '
 	cd svnrepo &&
 
 	# Check properties from first commit.
-	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:executable exec1.sh)" = "x*" &&
+	if test_have_prereq POSIXPERM
+	then
+		test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:executable exec1.sh)" = "x*"
+	fi &&
 	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type exec1.sh)" = \
 	     "xapplication/x-shellscript" &&
 	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type hello.txt)" = "xtext/plain" &&
@@ -73,7 +74,10 @@ test_expect_success 'check resulting svn repository' '
 	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type bar)" = "x" &&
 
 	# Check properties from second commit.
-	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:executable exec2.sh)" = "x*" &&
+	if test_have_prereq POSIXPERM
+	then
+		test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:executable exec2.sh)" = "x*"
+	fi &&
 	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type exec2.sh)" = "x" &&
 	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type world.txt)" = "x" &&
 	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:eol-style world.txt)" = "x" &&
diff --git a/t/t9129-git-svn-i18n-commitencoding.sh b/t/t9129-git-svn-i18n-commitencoding.sh
index 8cfdfe790f..2c213ae654 100755
--- a/t/t9129-git-svn-i18n-commitencoding.sh
+++ b/t/t9129-git-svn-i18n-commitencoding.sh
@@ -7,29 +7,19 @@ test_description='git svn honors i18n.commitEncoding in config'
 . ./lib-git-svn.sh
 
 compare_git_head_with () {
-	nr=`wc -l < "$1"`
+	nr=$(wc -l < "$1")
 	a=7
 	b=$(($a + $nr - 1))
 	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne "$a,${b}p" >current &&
 	test_cmp current "$1"
 }
 
-a_utf8_locale=$(locale -a | sed -n '/\.[uU][tT][fF]-*8$/{
-	p
-	q
-}')
-
-if test -n "$a_utf8_locale"
-then
-	test_set_prereq UTF8
-else
-	say "# UTF-8 locale not available, some tests are skipped"
-fi
+prepare_a_utf8_locale
 
 compare_svn_head_with () {
 	# extract just the log message and strip out committer info.
 	# don't use --limit here since svn 1.1.x doesn't have it,
-	LC_ALL="$a_utf8_locale" svn log `git svn info --url` | perl -w -e '
+	LC_ALL="$a_utf8_locale" svn log $(git svn info --url) | perl -w -e '
 		use bytes;
 		$/ = ("-"x72) . "\n";
 		my @x = <STDIN>;
@@ -61,7 +51,7 @@ do
 		git add F &&
 		git commit -a -F "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/$H.txt &&
 		E=$(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne "s/^encoding //p") &&
-		test "z$E" = "z$H"
+		test "z$E" = "z$H" &&
 		compare_git_head_with "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/$H.txt
 	)
 	'
diff --git a/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh b/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh
index c44de267a1..cb764bcadc 100755
--- a/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh
+++ b/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh
@@ -25,12 +25,13 @@ test_expect_success 'start import with incomplete authors file' '
 
 test_expect_success 'imported 2 revisions successfully' '
 	(
-		cd x
-		test "`git rev-list refs/remotes/git-svn | wc -l`" -eq 2 &&
-		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn | \
-		  grep "^author BBBBBBB BBBBBBB <bb@example\.com> " &&
-		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~1 | \
-		  grep "^author AAAAAAA AAAAAAA <aa@example\.com> "
+		cd x &&
+		git rev-list refs/remotes/git-svn >actual &&
+		test_line_count = 2 actual &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn >actual &&
+		grep "^author BBBBBBB BBBBBBB <bb@example\.com> " actual &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~1 >actual &&
+		grep "^author AAAAAAA AAAAAAA <aa@example\.com> " actual
 	)
 	'
 
@@ -41,13 +42,14 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'continues to import once authors have been added' '
 	(
-		cd x
+		cd x &&
 		git svn fetch --authors-file=../svn-authors &&
-		test "`git rev-list refs/remotes/git-svn | wc -l`" -eq 4 &&
-		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn | \
-		  grep "^author DDDDDDD DDDDDDD <dd@example\.com> " &&
-		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~1 | \
-		  grep "^author CCCCCCC CCCCCCC <cc@example\.com> "
+		git rev-list refs/remotes/git-svn >actual &&
+		test_line_count = 4 actual &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn >actual &&
+		grep "^author DDDDDDD DDDDDDD <dd@example\.com> " actual &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~1 >actual &&
+		grep "^author CCCCCCC CCCCCCC <cc@example\.com> " actual
 	)
 	'
 
@@ -73,8 +75,8 @@ tmp_config_get () {
 test_expect_success 'failure happened without negative side effects' '
 	(
 		cd aa-work &&
-		test 6 -eq "`tmp_config_get svn-remote.svn.branches-maxRev`" &&
-		test 6 -eq "`tmp_config_get svn-remote.svn.tags-maxRev`"
+		test 6 -eq "$(tmp_config_get svn-remote.svn.branches-maxRev)" &&
+		test 6 -eq "$(tmp_config_get svn-remote.svn.tags-maxRev)"
 	)
 	'
 
@@ -86,12 +88,12 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch continues after authors-file is fixed' '
 	(
 		cd aa-work &&
 		git svn fetch --authors-file=../svn-authors &&
-		test 8 -eq "`tmp_config_get svn-remote.svn.branches-maxRev`" &&
-		test 8 -eq "`tmp_config_get svn-remote.svn.tags-maxRev`"
+		test 8 -eq "$(tmp_config_get svn-remote.svn.branches-maxRev)" &&
+		test 8 -eq "$(tmp_config_get svn-remote.svn.tags-maxRev)"
 	)
 	'
 
-test_expect_success 'fresh clone with svn.authors-file in config' '
+test_expect_success !MINGW 'fresh clone with svn.authors-file in config' '
 	(
 		rm -r "$GIT_DIR" &&
 		test x = x"$(git config svn.authorsfile)" &&
@@ -102,12 +104,28 @@ test_expect_success 'fresh clone with svn.authors-file in config' '
 		test x"$HOME"/svn-authors = x"$(git config svn.authorsfile)" &&
 		git svn clone "$svnrepo" gitconfig.clone &&
 		cd gitconfig.clone &&
-		nr_ex=$(git log | grep "^Author:.*example.com" | wc -l) &&
-		nr_rev=$(git rev-list HEAD | wc -l) &&
+		git log >actual &&
+		nr_ex=$(grep "^Author:.*example.com" actual | wc -l) &&
+		git rev-list HEAD >actual &&
+		nr_rev=$(wc -l <actual) &&
 		test $nr_rev -eq $nr_ex
 	)
 '
 
+cat >> svn-authors <<EOF
+ff = FFFFFFF FFFFFFF <>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'authors-file imported user without email' '
+	svn_cmd mkdir -m aa/branches/ff --username ff "$svnrepo/aa/branches/ff" &&
+	(
+		cd aa-work &&
+		git svn fetch --authors-file=../svn-authors &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/origin/ff | \
+		  grep "^author FFFFFFF FFFFFFF <> "
+	)
+	'
+
 test_debug 'GIT_DIR=gitconfig.clone/.git git log'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9131-git-svn-empty-symlink.sh b/t/t9131-git-svn-empty-symlink.sh
index f762038f0e..3bf4255aa3 100755
--- a/t/t9131-git-svn-empty-symlink.sh
+++ b/t/t9131-git-svn-empty-symlink.sh
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success 'clone using git svn' 'git svn clone -r1 "$svnrepo" x'
 test_expect_success 'enable broken symlink workaround' \
   '(cd x && git config svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround true)'
-test_expect_success '"bar" is an empty file' 'test -f x/bar && ! test -s x/bar'
+test_expect_success '"bar" is an empty file' 'test_must_be_empty x/bar'
 test_expect_success 'get "bar" => symlink fix from svn' \
 		'(cd x && git svn rebase)'
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS '"bar" becomes a symlink' 'test -h x/bar'
@@ -94,14 +94,14 @@ test_expect_success SYMLINKS '"bar" becomes a symlink' 'test -h x/bar'
 test_expect_success 'clone using git svn' 'git svn clone -r1 "$svnrepo" y'
 test_expect_success 'disable broken symlink workaround' \
   '(cd y && git config svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround false)'
-test_expect_success '"bar" is an empty file' 'test -f y/bar && ! test -s y/bar'
+test_expect_success '"bar" is an empty file' 'test_must_be_empty y/bar'
 test_expect_success 'get "bar" => symlink fix from svn' \
 		'(cd y && git svn rebase)'
 test_expect_success '"bar" does not become a symlink' '! test -L y/bar'
 
 # svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround is unset
 test_expect_success 'clone using git svn' 'git svn clone -r1 "$svnrepo" z'
-test_expect_success '"bar" is an empty file' 'test -f z/bar && ! test -s z/bar'
+test_expect_success '"bar" is an empty file' 'test_must_be_empty z/bar'
 test_expect_success 'get "bar" => symlink fix from svn' \
 		'(cd z && git svn rebase)'
 test_expect_success '"bar" does not become a symlink' '! test -L z/bar'
diff --git a/t/t9132-git-svn-broken-symlink.sh b/t/t9132-git-svn-broken-symlink.sh
index 6c4c90b036..aeceffaf7b 100755
--- a/t/t9132-git-svn-broken-symlink.sh
+++ b/t/t9132-git-svn-broken-symlink.sh
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ test_expect_success 'clone using git svn' 'git svn clone -r1 "$svnrepo" x'
 
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS '"bar" is a symlink that points to "asdf"' '
 	test -L x/bar &&
-	(cd x && test xasdf = x"`git cat-file blob HEAD:bar`")
+	(cd x && test xasdf = x"$(git cat-file blob HEAD:bar)")
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'get "bar" => symlink fix from svn' '
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ test_expect_success 'get "bar" => symlink fix from svn' '
 
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS '"bar" remains a proper symlink' '
 	test -L x/bar &&
-	(cd x && test xdoink = x"`git cat-file blob HEAD:bar`")
+	(cd x && test xdoink = x"$(git cat-file blob HEAD:bar)")
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9134-git-svn-ignore-paths.sh b/t/t9134-git-svn-ignore-paths.sh
index 09ff10cd9b..fff49c4100 100755
--- a/t/t9134-git-svn-ignore-paths.sh
+++ b/t/t9134-git-svn-ignore-paths.sh
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo (option ignore)' '
 test_expect_success 'SVN-side change inside of ignored www' '
 	(
 		cd s &&
-		echo zaq >> www/test_www.txt
+		echo zaq >> www/test_www.txt &&
 		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change inside of www/test_www.txt" &&
 		svn_cmd up &&
 		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change inside of www/test_www.txt"
@@ -114,8 +114,8 @@ test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo (option ignore)' '
 test_expect_success 'SVN-side change in and out of ignored www' '
 	(
 		cd s &&
-		echo cvf >> www/test_www.txt
-		echo ygg >> qqq/test_qqq.txt
+		echo cvf >> www/test_www.txt &&
+		echo ygg >> qqq/test_qqq.txt &&
 		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change in and out of ignored www" &&
 		svn_cmd up &&
 		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change in and out of ignored www"
diff --git a/t/t9135-git-svn-moved-branch-empty-file.sh b/t/t9135-git-svn-moved-branch-empty-file.sh
index 93db45db7d..2f80b216fe 100755
--- a/t/t9135-git-svn-moved-branch-empty-file.sh
+++ b/t/t9135-git-svn-moved-branch-empty-file.sh
@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@ test_expect_success 'test that b1 exists and is empty' '
 	(
 		cd x &&
 		git reset --hard origin/branch-c &&
-		test -f b1 &&
-		! test -s b1
+		test_must_be_empty b1
 	)
 	'
 
diff --git a/t/t9137-git-svn-dcommit-clobber-series.sh b/t/t9137-git-svn-dcommit-clobber-series.sh
index d60da63f7a..067b15bad2 100755
--- a/t/t9137-git-svn-dcommit-clobber-series.sh
+++ b/t/t9137-git-svn-dcommit-clobber-series.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ test_description='git svn dcommit clobber series'
 test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
 	mkdir import &&
 	(cd import &&
-	awk "BEGIN { for (i = 1; i < 64; i++) { print i } }" > file
+	awk "BEGIN { for (i = 1; i < 64; i++) { print i } }" > file &&
 	svn_cmd import -m "initial" . "$svnrepo"
 	) &&
 	git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
@@ -16,15 +16,15 @@ test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
 	'
 
 test_expect_success '(supposedly) non-conflicting change from SVN' '
-	test x"`sed -n -e 58p < file`" = x58 &&
-	test x"`sed -n -e 61p < file`" = x61 &&
+	test x"$(sed -n -e 58p < file)" = x58 &&
+	test x"$(sed -n -e 61p < file)" = x61 &&
 	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" tmp &&
 	(cd tmp &&
 		perl -i.bak -p -e "s/^58$/5588/" file &&
 		perl -i.bak -p -e "s/^61$/6611/" file &&
 		poke file &&
-		test x"`sed -n -e 58p < file`" = x5588 &&
-		test x"`sed -n -e 61p < file`" = x6611 &&
+		test x"$(sed -n -e 58p < file)" = x5588 &&
+		test x"$(sed -n -e 61p < file)" = x6611 &&
 		svn_cmd commit -m "58 => 5588, 61 => 6611"
 	)
 	'
@@ -38,20 +38,20 @@ test_expect_success 'some unrelated changes to git' "
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'change file but in unrelated area' "
-	test x\"\`sed -n -e 4p < file\`\" = x4 &&
-	test x\"\`sed -n -e 7p < file\`\" = x7 &&
+	test x\"\$(sed -n -e 4p < file)\" = x4 &&
+	test x\"\$(sed -n -e 7p < file)\" = x7 &&
 	perl -i.bak -p -e 's/^4\$/4444/' file &&
 	perl -i.bak -p -e 's/^7\$/7777/' file &&
-	test x\"\`sed -n -e 4p < file\`\" = x4444 &&
-	test x\"\`sed -n -e 7p < file\`\" = x7777 &&
+	test x\"\$(sed -n -e 4p < file)\" = x4444 &&
+	test x\"\$(sed -n -e 7p < file)\" = x7777 &&
 	git commit -m '4 => 4444, 7 => 7777' file &&
 	git svn dcommit &&
 	svn_cmd up tmp &&
 	cd tmp &&
-		test x\"\`sed -n -e 4p < file\`\" = x4444 &&
-		test x\"\`sed -n -e 7p < file\`\" = x7777 &&
-		test x\"\`sed -n -e 58p < file\`\" = x5588 &&
-		test x\"\`sed -n -e 61p < file\`\" = x6611
+		test x\"\$(sed -n -e 4p < file)\" = x4444 &&
+		test x\"\$(sed -n -e 7p < file)\" = x7777 &&
+		test x\"\$(sed -n -e 58p < file)\" = x5588 &&
+		test x\"\$(sed -n -e 61p < file)\" = x6611
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'attempt to dcommit with a dirty index' '
diff --git a/t/t9138-git-svn-authors-prog.sh b/t/t9138-git-svn-authors-prog.sh
index 2937f4c265..027b416720 100755
--- a/t/t9138-git-svn-authors-prog.sh
+++ b/t/t9138-git-svn-authors-prog.sh
@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ test_description='git svn authors prog tests'
 
 write_script svn-authors-prog "$PERL_PATH" <<-\EOF
 	$_ = shift;
-	if (s/-sub$//)  {
+	if (s/-hermit//) {
+		print "$_ <>\n";
+	} elsif (s/-sub$//)  {
 		print "$_ <$_\@sub.example.com>\n";
 	} else {
 		print "$_ <$_\@example.com>\n";
@@ -36,45 +38,68 @@ test_expect_success 'import authors with prog and file' '
 
 test_expect_success 'imported 6 revisions successfully' '
 	(
-		cd x
-		test "`git rev-list refs/remotes/git-svn | wc -l`" -eq 6
+		cd x &&
+		git rev-list refs/remotes/git-svn >actual &&
+		test_line_count = 6 actual
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'authors-prog ran correctly' '
 	(
-		cd x
-		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~1 | \
-		  grep "^author ee-foo <ee-foo@example\.com> " &&
-		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~2 | \
-		  grep "^author dd <dd@sub\.example\.com> " &&
-		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~3 | \
-		  grep "^author cc <cc@sub\.example\.com> " &&
-		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~4 | \
-		  grep "^author bb <bb@example\.com> " &&
-		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~5 | \
-		  grep "^author aa <aa@example\.com> "
+		cd x &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~1 >actual &&
+		grep "^author ee-foo <ee-foo@example\.com> " actual &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~2 >actual &&
+		grep "^author dd <dd@sub\.example\.com> " actual &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~3 >actual &&
+		grep "^author cc <cc@sub\.example\.com> " actual &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~4 >actual &&
+		grep "^author bb <bb@example\.com> " actual &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~5 >actual &&
+		grep "^author aa <aa@example\.com> " actual
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'authors-file overrode authors-prog' '
 	(
-		cd x
-		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn | \
-		  grep "^author FFFFFFF FFFFFFF <fFf@other\.example\.com> "
+		cd x &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn >actual &&
+		grep "^author FFFFFFF FFFFFFF <fFf@other\.example\.com> " actual
 	)
 '
 
 git --git-dir=x/.git config --unset svn.authorsfile
 git --git-dir=x/.git config --unset svn.authorsprog
 
+test_expect_success 'authors-prog imported user without email' '
+	svn mkdir -m gg --username gg-hermit "$svnrepo"/gg &&
+	(
+		cd x &&
+		git svn fetch --authors-prog=../svn-authors-prog &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn | \
+		  grep "^author gg <> "
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'imported without authors-prog and authors-file' '
+	svn mkdir -m hh --username hh "$svnrepo"/hh &&
+	(
+		uuid=$(svn info "$svnrepo" |
+			sed -n "s/^Repository UUID: //p") &&
+		cd x &&
+		git svn fetch &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn | \
+		  grep "^author hh <hh@$uuid> "
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'authors-prog handled special characters in username' '
 	svn mkdir -m bad --username "xyz; touch evil" "$svnrepo"/bad &&
 	(
 		cd x &&
 		git svn --authors-prog=../svn-authors-prog fetch &&
-		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn |
-		grep "^author xyz; touch evil <xyz; touch evil@example\.com> " &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn >actual &&
+		grep "^author xyz; touch evil <xyz; touch evil@example\.com> " actual &&
 		! test -f evil
 	)
 '
diff --git a/t/t9142-git-svn-shallow-clone.sh b/t/t9142-git-svn-shallow-clone.sh
index e21ee5f663..9ee23be640 100755
--- a/t/t9142-git-svn-shallow-clone.sh
+++ b/t/t9142-git-svn-shallow-clone.sh
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup test repository' '
 		svn_cmd add foo &&
 		svn_cmd commit -m "add foo"
 	) &&
-	start_httpd
+	maybe_start_httpd
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone trunk with "-r HEAD"' '
diff --git a/t/t9145-git-svn-master-branch.sh b/t/t9145-git-svn-master-branch.sh
index 6559137493..3bbf341f6a 100755
--- a/t/t9145-git-svn-master-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t9145-git-svn-master-branch.sh
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ test_expect_success 'git svn clone --stdlayout sets up trunk as master' '
 	git svn clone -s "$svnrepo" g &&
 	(
 		cd g &&
-		test x`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/trunk^0` = \
-		     x`git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/master^0`
+		test x$(git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/origin/trunk^0) = \
+		     x$(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/master^0)
 	)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t9146-git-svn-empty-dirs.sh b/t/t9146-git-svn-empty-dirs.sh
index 6d3130e618..5f91c0d68b 100755
--- a/t/t9146-git-svn-empty-dirs.sh
+++ b/t/t9146-git-svn-empty-dirs.sh
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ test_expect_success 'empty directories exist' '
 		do
 			if ! test -d "$i"
 			then
-				echo >&2 "$i does not exist"
+				echo >&2 "$i does not exist" &&
 				exit 1
 			fi
 		done
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ test_expect_success 'option automkdirs set to false' '
 		do
 			if test -d "$i"
 			then
-				echo >&2 "$i exists"
+				echo >&2 "$i exists" &&
 				exit 1
 			fi
 		done
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git svn mkdirs recreates empty directories' '
 		do
 			if ! test -d "$i"
 			then
-				echo >&2 "$i does not exist"
+				echo >&2 "$i does not exist" &&
 				exit 1
 			fi
 		done
@@ -79,21 +79,21 @@ test_expect_success 'git svn mkdirs -r works' '
 		do
 			if ! test -d "$i"
 			then
-				echo >&2 "$i does not exist"
+				echo >&2 "$i does not exist" &&
 				exit 1
 			fi
-		done
+		done &&
 
 		if test -d "! !"
 		then
-			echo >&2 "$i should not exist"
+			echo >&2 "$i should not exist" &&
 			exit 1
-		fi
+		fi &&
 
 		git svn mkdirs -r8 &&
 		if ! test -d "! !"
 		then
-			echo >&2 "$i not exist"
+			echo >&2 "$i not exist" &&
 			exit 1
 		fi
 	)
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ test_expect_success 'empty directories in trunk exist' '
 		do
 			if ! test -d "$i"
 			then
-				echo >&2 "$i does not exist"
+				echo >&2 "$i does not exist" &&
 				exit 1
 			fi
 		done
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git svn gc-ed files work' '
 			do
 				if ! test -d "$i"
 				then
-					echo >&2 "$i does not exist"
+					echo >&2 "$i does not exist" &&
 					exit 1
 				fi
 			done
diff --git a/t/t9147-git-svn-include-paths.sh b/t/t9147-git-svn-include-paths.sh
index a90ff58629..d292bf9f55 100755
--- a/t/t9147-git-svn-include-paths.sh
+++ b/t/t9147-git-svn-include-paths.sh
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo (option include)' '
 test_expect_success 'SVN-side change inside of ignored www' '
 	(
 		cd s &&
-		echo zaq >> www/test_www.txt
+		echo zaq >> www/test_www.txt &&
 		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change inside of www/test_www.txt" &&
 		svn_cmd up &&
 		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change inside of www/test_www.txt"
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@ test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo (option include)' '
 test_expect_success 'SVN-side change in and out of included qqq' '
 	(
 		cd s &&
-		echo cvf >> www/test_www.txt
-		echo ygg >> qqq/test_qqq.txt
+		echo cvf >> www/test_www.txt &&
+		echo ygg >> qqq/test_qqq.txt &&
 		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change in and out of ignored www" &&
 		svn_cmd up &&
 		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change in and out of ignored www"
diff --git a/t/t9150-svk-mergetickets.sh b/t/t9150-svk-mergetickets.sh
index 24c2421bfc..1bb676bede 100755
--- a/t/t9150-svk-mergetickets.sh
+++ b/t/t9150-svk-mergetickets.sh
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ test_expect_success 'load svk depot' "
 uuid=b48289b2-9c08-4d72-af37-0358a40b9c15
 
 test_expect_success 'svk merges were represented coming in' "
-	[ `git cat-file commit HEAD | grep parent | wc -l` -eq 2 ]
+	[ $(git cat-file commit HEAD | grep parent | wc -l) -eq 2 ]
 	"
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9152-svn-empty-dirs-after-gc.sh b/t/t9152-svn-empty-dirs-after-gc.sh
index 301e779709..89f285d082 100755
--- a/t/t9152-svn-empty-dirs-after-gc.sh
+++ b/t/t9152-svn-empty-dirs-after-gc.sh
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git svn mkdirs recreates empty directories after git svn gc
 		do
 			if ! test -d "$i"
 			then
-				echo >&2 "$i does not exist"
+				echo >&2 "$i does not exist" &&
 				exit 1
 			fi
 		done
diff --git a/t/t9153-git-svn-rewrite-uuid.sh b/t/t9153-git-svn-rewrite-uuid.sh
index 88a2cfa233..8cb2b5c69c 100755
--- a/t/t9153-git-svn-rewrite-uuid.sh
+++ b/t/t9153-git-svn-rewrite-uuid.sh
@@ -16,10 +16,10 @@ test_expect_success 'load svn repo' "
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'verify uuid' "
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/git-svn~0 | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: .*@2 $uuid$' &&
-	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/git-svn~1 | \
-	   grep '^${git_svn_id}: .*@1 $uuid$'
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/git-svn~0 >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: .*@2 $uuid$' actual &&
+	git cat-file commit refs/remotes/git-svn~1 >actual &&
+	grep '^git-svn-id: .*@1 $uuid$' actual
 	"
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9158-git-svn-mergeinfo.sh b/t/t9158-git-svn-mergeinfo.sh
index 13f78f2682..a875b45102 100755
--- a/t/t9158-git-svn-mergeinfo.sh
+++ b/t/t9158-git-svn-mergeinfo.sh
@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@ test_description='git svn mergeinfo propagation'
 
 . ./lib-git-svn.sh
 
-say 'define NO_SVN_TESTS to skip git svn tests'
-
 test_expect_success 'initialize source svn repo' '
 	svn_cmd mkdir -m x "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
 	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/trunk "$SVN_TREE" &&
diff --git a/t/t9160-git-svn-preserve-empty-dirs.sh b/t/t9160-git-svn-preserve-empty-dirs.sh
index b4a4434604..0ede3cfedb 100755
--- a/t/t9160-git-svn-preserve-empty-dirs.sh
+++ b/t/t9160-git-svn-preserve-empty-dirs.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ local Git repository with placeholder files.'
 
 . ./lib-git-svn.sh
 
-say 'define NO_SVN_TESTS to skip git svn tests'
 GIT_REPO=git-svn-repo
 
 test_expect_success 'initialize source svn repo containing empty dirs' '
diff --git a/t/t9164-git-svn-dcommit-concurrent.sh b/t/t9164-git-svn-dcommit-concurrent.sh
index d8464d4218..90346ff4e9 100755
--- a/t/t9164-git-svn-dcommit-concurrent.sh
+++ b/t/t9164-git-svn-dcommit-concurrent.sh
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup svn repository' '
 	svn_cmd checkout "$svnrepo" work.svn &&
 	(
 		cd work.svn &&
-		echo >file && echo > auto_updated_file
+		echo >file && echo > auto_updated_file &&
 		svn_cmd add file auto_updated_file &&
 		svn_cmd commit -m "initial commit"
 	) &&
diff --git a/t/t9165-git-svn-fetch-merge-branch-of-branch.sh b/t/t9165-git-svn-fetch-merge-branch-of-branch.sh
index fa3ef3b1f7..a4813c2b09 100755
--- a/t/t9165-git-svn-fetch-merge-branch-of-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t9165-git-svn-fetch-merge-branch-of-branch.sh
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ test_expect_success 'initialize source svn repo' '
 		svn_cmd commit -m trunk &&
 		svn_cmd switch "$svnrepo"/branches/branch2 &&
 		svn_cmd merge "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
-		svn_cmd commit -m "merge trunk"
+		svn_cmd commit -m "merge trunk" &&
 		svn_cmd switch "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
 		svn_cmd merge --reintegrate "$svnrepo"/branches/branch2 &&
 		svn_cmd commit -m "merge branch2"
diff --git a/t/t9168-git-svn-partially-globbed-names.sh b/t/t9168-git-svn-partially-globbed-names.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..bdf6e84999
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9168-git-svn-partially-globbed-names.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+test_description='git svn globbing refspecs with prefixed globs'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare test refspec prefixed globbing' '
+	cat >expect.end <<EOF
+the end
+hi
+start a new branch
+initial
+EOF
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'test refspec prefixed globbing' '
+	mkdir -p trunk/src/a trunk/src/b trunk/doc &&
+	echo "hello world" >trunk/src/a/readme &&
+	echo "goodbye world" >trunk/src/b/readme &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "initial" trunk "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" tmp &&
+	(
+		cd tmp &&
+		mkdir branches tags &&
+		svn_cmd add branches tags &&
+		svn_cmd cp trunk branches/b_start &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "start a new branch" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		echo "hi" >>branches/b_start/src/b/readme &&
+		poke branches/b_start/src/b/readme &&
+		echo "hey" >>branches/b_start/src/a/readme &&
+		poke branches/b_start/src/a/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "hi" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd cp branches/b_start tags/t_end &&
+		echo "bye" >>tags/t_end/src/b/readme &&
+		poke tags/t_end/src/b/readme &&
+		echo "aye" >>tags/t_end/src/a/readme &&
+		poke tags/t_end/src/a/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "the end" &&
+		echo "byebye" >>tags/t_end/src/b/readme &&
+		poke tags/t_end/src/b/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "nothing to see here"
+	) &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.svn.url "$svnrepo" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
+			 "trunk/src/a:refs/remotes/trunk" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.svn.branches \
+			 "branches/b_*/src/a:refs/remotes/branches/b_*" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.svn.tags\
+			 "tags/t_*/src/a:refs/remotes/tags/t_*" &&
+	git svn multi-fetch &&
+	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/tags/t_end >actual &&
+	sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" actual >output.end &&
+	test_cmp expect.end output.end &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/t_end~1)" = \
+		"$(git rev-parse refs/remotes/branches/b_start)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/remotes/branches/b_start~2)" = \
+		"$(git rev-parse refs/remotes/trunk)" &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/t_end@3
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare test left-hand-side only prefixed globbing' '
+	echo try to try >expect.two &&
+	echo nothing to see here >>expect.two &&
+	cat expect.end >>expect.two
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'test left-hand-side only prefixed globbing' '
+	git config --add svn-remote.two.url "$svnrepo" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.two.fetch trunk:refs/remotes/two/trunk &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.two.branches \
+			 "branches/b_*:refs/remotes/two/branches/*" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.two.tags \
+			 "tags/t_*:refs/remotes/two/tags/*" &&
+	(
+		cd tmp &&
+		echo "try try" >>tags/t_end/src/b/readme &&
+		poke tags/t_end/src/b/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "try to try"
+	) &&
+	git svn fetch two &&
+	git rev-list refs/remotes/two/tags/t_end >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 6 actual &&
+	git rev-list refs/remotes/two/branches/b_start >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 3 actual &&
+	test $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/branches/b_start~2) = \
+	     $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/trunk) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/tags/t_end~3) = \
+	     $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/two/branches/b_start) &&
+	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/two/tags/t_end >actual &&
+	sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" actual >output.two &&
+	test_cmp expect.two output.two
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare test prefixed globs match just prefix' '
+	cat >expect.three <<EOF
+Tag commit to t_
+Branch commit to b_
+initial
+EOF
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'test prefixed globs match just prefix' '
+	git config --add svn-remote.three.url "$svnrepo" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.three.fetch \
+			 trunk:refs/remotes/three/trunk &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.three.branches \
+			 "branches/b_*:refs/remotes/three/branches/*" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.three.tags \
+			 "tags/t_*:refs/remotes/three/tags/*" &&
+	(
+		cd tmp &&
+		svn_cmd cp trunk branches/b_ &&
+		echo "Branch commit to b_" >>branches/b_/src/a/readme &&
+		poke branches/b_/src/a/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "Branch commit to b_" &&
+		svn_cmd up && svn_cmd cp branches/b_ tags/t_ &&
+		echo "Tag commit to t_" >>tags/t_/src/a/readme &&
+		poke tags/t_/src/a/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "Tag commit to t_" &&
+		svn_cmd up
+	) &&
+	git svn fetch three &&
+	git rev-list refs/remotes/three/branches/b_ >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 2 actual &&
+	git rev-list refs/remotes/three/tags/t_ >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 3 actual &&
+	test $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/three/branches/b_~1) = \
+	     $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/three/trunk) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/three/tags/t_~1) = \
+	     $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/three/branches/b_) &&
+	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/three/tags/t_ >actual &&
+	sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" actual >output.three &&
+	test_cmp expect.three output.three
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare test disallow prefixed multi-globs' "
+cat >expect.four <<EOF
+Only one set of wildcards (e.g. '*' or '*/*/*') is supported: branches/b_*/t/*
+
+EOF
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'test disallow prefixed multi-globs' '
+	git config --add svn-remote.four.url "$svnrepo" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.four.fetch \
+			 trunk:refs/remotes/four/trunk &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.four.branches \
+			 "branches/b_*/t/*:refs/remotes/four/branches/*" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.four.tags \
+			 "tags/t_*/*:refs/remotes/four/tags/*" &&
+	(
+		cd tmp &&
+		echo "try try" >>tags/t_end/src/b/readme &&
+		poke tags/t_end/src/b/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "try to try"
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git svn fetch four 2>stderr.four &&
+	test_cmp expect.four stderr.four &&
+	git config --unset svn-remote.four.branches &&
+	git config --unset svn-remote.four.tags
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare test globbing in the middle of the word' '
+	cat >expect.five <<EOF
+Tag commit to fghij
+Branch commit to abcde
+initial
+EOF
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'test globbing in the middle of the word' '
+	git config --add svn-remote.five.url "$svnrepo" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.five.fetch \
+			 trunk:refs/remotes/five/trunk &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.five.branches \
+			 "branches/a*e:refs/remotes/five/branches/*" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.five.tags \
+			 "tags/f*j:refs/remotes/five/tags/*" &&
+	(
+		cd tmp &&
+		svn_cmd cp trunk branches/abcde &&
+		echo "Branch commit to abcde" >>branches/abcde/src/a/readme &&
+		poke branches/b_/src/a/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "Branch commit to abcde" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd cp branches/abcde tags/fghij &&
+		echo "Tag commit to fghij" >>tags/fghij/src/a/readme &&
+		poke tags/fghij/src/a/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "Tag commit to fghij" &&
+		svn_cmd up
+	) &&
+	git svn fetch five &&
+	git rev-list refs/remotes/five/branches/abcde >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 2 actual &&
+	git rev-list refs/remotes/five/tags/fghij >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 3 actual &&
+	test $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/five/branches/abcde~1) = \
+	     $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/five/trunk) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/five/tags/fghij~1) = \
+	     $(git rev-parse refs/remotes/five/branches/abcde) &&
+	git log --pretty=oneline refs/remotes/five/tags/fghij >actual &&
+	sed -e "s/^.\{41\}//" actual >output.five &&
+	test_cmp expect.five output.five
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare test disallow multiple asterisks in one word' "
+	echo \"Only one '*' is allowed in a pattern: 'a*c*e'\" >expect.six &&
+	echo \"\" >>expect.six
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'test disallow multiple asterisks in one word' '
+	git config --add svn-remote.six.url "$svnrepo" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.six.fetch \
+			 trunk:refs/remotes/six/trunk &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.six.branches \
+			 "branches/a*c*e:refs/remotes/six/branches/*" &&
+	git config --add svn-remote.six.tags \
+			 "tags/f*h*j:refs/remotes/six/tags/*" &&
+	(
+		cd tmp &&
+		echo "try try" >>tags/fghij/src/b/readme &&
+		poke tags/fghij/src/b/readme &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "try to try"
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git svn fetch six 2>stderr.six &&
+	test_cmp expect.six stderr.six
+	'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9169-git-svn-dcommit-crlf.sh b/t/t9169-git-svn-dcommit-crlf.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..54b1f61a2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9169-git-svn-dcommit-crlf.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git svn dcommit CRLF'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup commit repository' '
+	svn_cmd mkdir -m "$test_description" "$svnrepo/dir" &&
+	git svn clone "$svnrepo" work &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		echo foo >>foo &&
+		git update-index --add foo &&
+		printf "a\\r\\n\\r\\nb\\r\\nc\\r\\n" >cmt &&
+		p=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+		t=$(git write-tree) &&
+		cmt=$(git commit-tree -p $p $t <cmt) &&
+		git update-ref refs/heads/master $cmt &&
+		git cat-file commit HEAD | tail -n4 >out &&
+		test_cmp cmt out &&
+		git svn dcommit &&
+		printf "a\\n\\nb\\nc\\n" >exp &&
+		git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne 6,9p >out &&
+		test_cmp exp out
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9200-git-cvsexportcommit.sh b/t/t9200-git-cvsexportcommit.sh
index 812c9cd462..c5946cb0b8 100755
--- a/t/t9200-git-cvsexportcommit.sh
+++ b/t/t9200-git-cvsexportcommit.sh
@@ -18,6 +18,11 @@ then
     test_done
 fi
 
+if ! test_have_prereq NOT_ROOT; then
+	skip_all='When cvs is compiled with CVS_BADROOT commits as root fail'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 CVSROOT=$PWD/tmpcvsroot
 CVSWORK=$PWD/cvswork
 GIT_DIR=$PWD/.git
@@ -35,14 +40,14 @@ exit 1
 
 check_entries () {
 	# $1 == directory, $2 == expected
-	grep '^/' "$1/CVS/Entries" | sort | cut -d/ -f2,3,5 >actual
+	sed -ne '/^\//p' "$1/CVS/Entries" | sort | cut -d/ -f2,3,5 >actual
 	if test -z "$2"
 	then
-		>expected
+		test_must_be_empty actual
 	else
 		printf '%s\n' "$2" | tr '|' '\012' >expected
+		test_cmp expected actual
 	fi
-	test_cmp expected actual
 }
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -182,7 +187,7 @@ test_expect_success \
       git commit -a -m "Update with spaces" &&
       id=$(git rev-list --max-count=1 HEAD) &&
       (cd "$CVSWORK" &&
-      git cvsexportcommit -c $id
+      git cvsexportcommit -c $id &&
       check_entries "G g" "with spaces.png/1.2/-kb|with spaces.txt/1.2/"
       )'
 
@@ -197,7 +202,7 @@ if p="Å/goo/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/å/ä/ö" &&
 then
 
 # This test contains UTF-8 characters
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success !MINGW \
      'File with non-ascii file name' \
      'mkdir -p Å/goo/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/å/ä/ö &&
       echo Foo >Å/goo/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/å/ä/ö/gårdetsågårdet.txt &&
@@ -240,7 +245,7 @@ test_expect_success FILEMODE \
       git add G/off &&
       git commit -a -m "Execute test" &&
       (cd "$CVSWORK" &&
-      git cvsexportcommit -c HEAD
+      git cvsexportcommit -c HEAD &&
       test -x G/on &&
       ! test -x G/off
       )'
@@ -298,7 +303,7 @@ test_expect_success 're-commit a removed filename which remains in CVS attic' '
     git add attic_gremlin &&
     git commit -m "Added attic_gremlin" &&
 	git cvsexportcommit -w "$CVSWORK" -c HEAD &&
-    (cd "$CVSWORK"; cvs -Q update -d) &&
+    (cd "$CVSWORK" && cvs -Q update -d) &&
     test -f "$CVSWORK/attic_gremlin"
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t9300-fast-import.sh b/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
index aac126fd57..40fe7e4976 100755
--- a/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
+++ b/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
@@ -7,23 +7,6 @@ test_description='test git fast-import utility'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
 
-# Print $1 bytes from stdin to stdout.
-#
-# This could be written as "head -c $1", but IRIX "head" does not
-# support the -c option.
-head_c () {
-	perl -e '
-		my $len = $ARGV[1];
-		while ($len > 0) {
-			my $s;
-			my $nread = sysread(STDIN, $s, $len);
-			die "cannot read: $!" unless defined($nread);
-			print $s;
-			$len -= $nread;
-		}
-	' - "$1"
-}
-
 verify_packs () {
 	for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack
 	do
@@ -47,1077 +30,1080 @@ file5_data='an inline file.
 file6_data='#!/bin/sh
 echo "$@"'
 
->empty
-
 ###
 ### series A
 ###
 
-test_tick
-
 test_expect_success 'empty stream succeeds' '
+	git config fastimport.unpackLimit 0 &&
 	git fast-import </dev/null
 '
 
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-blob
-mark :2
-data <<EOF
-$file2_data
-EOF
-
-blob
-mark :3
-data <<END
-$file3_data
-END
-
-blob
-mark :4
-data $file4_len
-$file4_data
-commit refs/heads/master
-mark :5
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-initial
-COMMIT
-
-M 644 :2 file2
-M 644 :3 file3
-M 755 :4 file4
-
-tag series-A
-from :5
-data <<EOF
-An annotated tag without a tagger
-EOF
-
-tag series-A-blob
-from :3
-data <<EOF
-An annotated tag that annotates a blob.
-EOF
-
-INPUT_END
-test_expect_success \
-    'A: create pack from stdin' \
-    'git fast-import --export-marks=marks.out <input &&
-	 git whatchanged master'
+test_expect_success 'truncated stream complains' '
+	echo "tag foo" | test_must_fail git fast-import
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'A: create pack from stdin' '
+	test_tick &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	blob
+	mark :2
+	data <<EOF
+	$file2_data
+	EOF
+
+	blob
+	mark :3
+	data <<END
+	$file3_data
+	END
+
+	blob
+	mark :4
+	data $file4_len
+	$file4_data
+	commit refs/heads/master
+	mark :5
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	initial
+	COMMIT
+
+	M 644 :2 file2
+	M 644 :3 file3
+	M 755 :4 file4
+
+	tag series-A
+	from :5
+	data <<EOF
+	An annotated tag without a tagger
+	EOF
+
+	tag series-A-blob
+	from :3
+	data <<EOF
+	An annotated tag that annotates a blob.
+	EOF
+
+	INPUT_END
+	git fast-import --export-marks=marks.out <input &&
+	git whatchanged master
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'A: verify pack' '
 	verify_packs
 '
 
-cat >expect <<EOF
-author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-
-initial
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'A: verify commit' \
-	'git cat-file commit master | sed 1d >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual'
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-100644 blob file2
-100644 blob file3
-100755 blob file4
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'A: verify tree' \
-	'git cat-file -p master^{tree} | sed "s/ [0-9a-f]*	/ /" >actual &&
-	 test_cmp expect actual'
-
-echo "$file2_data" >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'A: verify file2' \
-	'git cat-file blob master:file2 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
-
-echo "$file3_data" >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'A: verify file3' \
-	'git cat-file blob master:file3 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
-
-printf "$file4_data" >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'A: verify file4' \
-	'git cat-file blob master:file4 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-object $(git rev-parse refs/heads/master)
-type commit
-tag series-A
-
-An annotated tag without a tagger
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'A: verify commit' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+
+	initial
+	EOF
+	git cat-file commit master | sed 1d >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'A: verify tree' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	100644 blob file2
+	100644 blob file3
+	100755 blob file4
+	EOF
+	git cat-file -p master^{tree} | sed "s/ [0-9a-f]*	/ /" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'A: verify file2' '
+	echo "$file2_data" >expect &&
+	git cat-file blob master:file2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'A: verify file3' '
+	echo "$file3_data" >expect &&
+	git cat-file blob master:file3 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'A: verify file4' '
+	printf "$file4_data" >expect &&
+	git cat-file blob master:file4 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'A: verify tag/series-A' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	object $(git rev-parse refs/heads/master)
+	type commit
+	tag series-A
+
+	An annotated tag without a tagger
+	EOF
 	git cat-file tag tags/series-A >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-cat >expect <<EOF
-object $(git rev-parse refs/heads/master:file3)
-type blob
-tag series-A-blob
-
-An annotated tag that annotates a blob.
-EOF
 test_expect_success 'A: verify tag/series-A-blob' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	object $(git rev-parse refs/heads/master:file3)
+	type blob
+	tag series-A-blob
+
+	An annotated tag that annotates a blob.
+	EOF
 	git cat-file tag tags/series-A-blob >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-cat >expect <<EOF
-:2 `git rev-parse --verify master:file2`
-:3 `git rev-parse --verify master:file3`
-:4 `git rev-parse --verify master:file4`
-:5 `git rev-parse --verify master^0`
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'A: verify marks output' \
-	'test_cmp expect marks.out'
+test_expect_success 'A: verify marks output' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:2 $(git rev-parse --verify master:file2)
+	:3 $(git rev-parse --verify master:file3)
+	:4 $(git rev-parse --verify master:file4)
+	:5 $(git rev-parse --verify master^0)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect marks.out
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'A: verify marks import' \
-	'git fast-import \
+test_expect_success 'A: verify marks import' '
+	git fast-import \
 		--import-marks=marks.out \
 		--export-marks=marks.new \
 		</dev/null &&
-	test_cmp expect marks.new'
-
-test_tick
-new_blob=$(echo testing | git hash-object --stdin)
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-tag series-A-blob-2
-from $(git rev-parse refs/heads/master:file3)
-data <<EOF
-Tag blob by sha1.
-EOF
-
-blob
-mark :6
-data <<EOF
-testing
-EOF
-
-commit refs/heads/new_blob
-committer  <> 0 +0000
-data 0
-M 644 :6 new_blob
-#pretend we got sha1 from fast-import
-ls "new_blob"
-
-tag series-A-blob-3
-from $new_blob
-data <<EOF
-Tag new_blob.
-EOF
-INPUT_END
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-object $(git rev-parse refs/heads/master:file3)
-type blob
-tag series-A-blob-2
-
-Tag blob by sha1.
-object $new_blob
-type blob
-tag series-A-blob-3
-
-Tag new_blob.
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success \
-	'A: tag blob by sha1' \
-	'git fast-import <input &&
+	test_cmp expect marks.new
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'A: tag blob by sha1' '
+	test_tick &&
+	new_blob=$(echo testing | git hash-object --stdin) &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	tag series-A-blob-2
+	from $(git rev-parse refs/heads/master:file3)
+	data <<EOF
+	Tag blob by sha1.
+	EOF
+
+	blob
+	mark :6
+	data <<EOF
+	testing
+	EOF
+
+	commit refs/heads/new_blob
+	committer  <> 0 +0000
+	data 0
+	M 644 :6 new_blob
+	#pretend we got sha1 from fast-import
+	ls "new_blob"
+
+	tag series-A-blob-3
+	from $new_blob
+	data <<EOF
+	Tag new_blob.
+	EOF
+	INPUT_END
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	object $(git rev-parse refs/heads/master:file3)
+	type blob
+	tag series-A-blob-2
+
+	Tag blob by sha1.
+	object $new_blob
+	type blob
+	tag series-A-blob-3
+
+	Tag new_blob.
+	EOF
+
+	git fast-import <input &&
 	git cat-file tag tags/series-A-blob-2 >actual &&
 	git cat-file tag tags/series-A-blob-3 >>actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual'
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
-test_tick
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/verify--import-marks
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-recreate from :5
-COMMIT
+test_expect_success 'A: verify marks import does not crash' '
+	test_tick &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/verify--import-marks
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	recreate from :5
+	COMMIT
 
-from :5
-M 755 :2 copy-of-file2
+	from :5
+	M 755 :2 copy-of-file2
 
-INPUT_END
-test_expect_success \
-	'A: verify marks import does not crash' \
-	'git fast-import --import-marks=marks.out <input &&
-	 git whatchanged verify--import-marks'
+	INPUT_END
+
+	git fast-import --import-marks=marks.out <input &&
+	git whatchanged verify--import-marks
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'A: verify pack' '
 	verify_packs
 '
 
-cat >expect <<EOF
-:000000 100755 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 A	copy-of-file2
-EOF
-git diff-tree -M -r master verify--import-marks >actual
-test_expect_success \
-	'A: verify diff' \
-	'compare_diff_raw expect actual &&
-	 test `git rev-parse --verify master:file2` \
-	    = `git rev-parse --verify verify--import-marks:copy-of-file2`'
-
-test_tick
-mt=$(git hash-object --stdin < /dev/null)
-: >input.blob
-: >marks.exp
-: >tree.exp
-
-cat >input.commit <<EOF
-commit refs/heads/verify--dump-marks
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-test the sparse array dumping routines with exponentially growing marks
-COMMIT
-EOF
-
-i=0
-l=4
-m=6
-n=7
-while test "$i" -lt 27; do
-    cat >>input.blob <<EOF
-blob
-mark :$l
-data 0
-blob
-mark :$m
-data 0
-blob
-mark :$n
-data 0
-EOF
-    echo "M 100644 :$l l$i" >>input.commit
-    echo "M 100644 :$m m$i" >>input.commit
-    echo "M 100644 :$n n$i" >>input.commit
-
-    echo ":$l $mt" >>marks.exp
-    echo ":$m $mt" >>marks.exp
-    echo ":$n $mt" >>marks.exp
-
-    printf "100644 blob $mt\tl$i\n" >>tree.exp
-    printf "100644 blob $mt\tm$i\n" >>tree.exp
-    printf "100644 blob $mt\tn$i\n" >>tree.exp
-
-    l=$(($l + $l))
-    m=$(($m + $m))
-    n=$(($l + $n))
-
-    i=$((1 + $i))
-done
-
-sort tree.exp > tree.exp_s
+test_expect_success 'A: verify diff' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:000000 100755 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 A	copy-of-file2
+	EOF
+	git diff-tree -M -r master verify--import-marks >actual &&
+	compare_diff_raw expect actual &&
+	test $(git rev-parse --verify master:file2) \
+	    = $(git rev-parse --verify verify--import-marks:copy-of-file2)
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'A: export marks with large values' '
+	test_tick &&
+	mt=$(git hash-object --stdin < /dev/null) &&
+	>input.blob &&
+	>marks.exp &&
+	>tree.exp &&
+
+	cat >input.commit <<-EOF &&
+	commit refs/heads/verify--dump-marks
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	test the sparse array dumping routines with exponentially growing marks
+	COMMIT
+	EOF
+
+	i=0 l=4 m=6 n=7 &&
+	while test "$i" -lt 27
+	do
+		cat >>input.blob <<-EOF &&
+		blob
+		mark :$l
+		data 0
+		blob
+		mark :$m
+		data 0
+		blob
+		mark :$n
+		data 0
+		EOF
+		echo "M 100644 :$l l$i" >>input.commit &&
+		echo "M 100644 :$m m$i" >>input.commit &&
+		echo "M 100644 :$n n$i" >>input.commit &&
+
+		echo ":$l $mt" >>marks.exp &&
+		echo ":$m $mt" >>marks.exp &&
+		echo ":$n $mt" >>marks.exp &&
+
+		printf "100644 blob $mt\tl$i\n" >>tree.exp &&
+		printf "100644 blob $mt\tm$i\n" >>tree.exp &&
+		printf "100644 blob $mt\tn$i\n" >>tree.exp &&
+
+		l=$(($l + $l)) &&
+		m=$(($m + $m)) &&
+		n=$(($l + $n)) &&
+
+		i=$((1 + $i)) || return 1
+	done &&
+
+	sort tree.exp > tree.exp_s &&
+
 	cat input.blob input.commit | git fast-import --export-marks=marks.large &&
 	git ls-tree refs/heads/verify--dump-marks >tree.out &&
 	test_cmp tree.exp_s tree.out &&
-	test_cmp marks.exp marks.large'
+	test_cmp marks.exp marks.large
+'
 
 ###
 ### series B
 ###
 
-test_tick
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/branch
-mark :1
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-corrupt
-COMMIT
+test_expect_success 'B: fail on invalid blob sha1' '
+	test_tick &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/branch
+	mark :1
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	corrupt
+	COMMIT
 
-from refs/heads/master
-M 755 0000000000000000000000000000000000000001 zero1
+	from refs/heads/master
+	M 755 0000000000000000000000000000000000000001 zero1
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/objects/pack_* .git/objects/index_*" &&
+	test_must_fail git fast-import <input
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'B: accept branch name "TEMP_TAG"' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit TEMP_TAG
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	tag base
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/master
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .git/TEMP_TAG
+		git gc
+		git prune" &&
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	test -f .git/TEMP_TAG &&
+	test $(git rev-parse master) = $(git rev-parse TEMP_TAG^)
+'
 
-INPUT_END
-test_expect_success 'B: fail on invalid blob sha1' '
-    test_must_fail git fast-import <input
-'
-rm -f .git/objects/pack_* .git/objects/index_*
-
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit TEMP_TAG
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-tag base
-COMMIT
-
-from refs/heads/master
-
-INPUT_END
-test_expect_success \
-    'B: accept branch name "TEMP_TAG"' \
-    'git fast-import <input &&
-	 test -f .git/TEMP_TAG &&
-	 test `git rev-parse master` = `git rev-parse TEMP_TAG^`'
-rm -f .git/TEMP_TAG
-
-git gc 2>/dev/null >/dev/null
-git prune 2>/dev/null >/dev/null
-
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/empty-committer-1
-committer  <> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-empty commit
-COMMIT
-INPUT_END
 test_expect_success 'B: accept empty committer' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/empty-committer-1
+	committer  <> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	empty commit
+	COMMIT
+	INPUT_END
+
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/empty-committer-1
+		git gc
+		git prune" &&
 	git fast-import <input &&
 	out=$(git fsck) &&
 	echo "$out" &&
 	test -z "$out"
 '
-git update-ref -d refs/heads/empty-committer-1 || true
-
-git gc 2>/dev/null >/dev/null
-git prune 2>/dev/null >/dev/null
 
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/empty-committer-2
-committer <a@b.com> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-empty commit
-COMMIT
-INPUT_END
 test_expect_success 'B: accept and fixup committer with no name' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/empty-committer-2
+	committer <a@b.com> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	empty commit
+	COMMIT
+	INPUT_END
+
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/empty-committer-2
+		git gc
+		git prune" &&
 	git fast-import <input &&
 	out=$(git fsck) &&
 	echo "$out" &&
 	test -z "$out"
 '
-git update-ref -d refs/heads/empty-committer-2 || true
 
-git gc 2>/dev/null >/dev/null
-git prune 2>/dev/null >/dev/null
-
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/invalid-committer
-committer Name email> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-empty commit
-COMMIT
-INPUT_END
 test_expect_success 'B: fail on invalid committer (1)' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/invalid-committer
+	committer Name email> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	empty commit
+	COMMIT
+	INPUT_END
+
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/invalid-committer" &&
 	test_must_fail git fast-import <input
 '
-git update-ref -d refs/heads/invalid-committer || true
 
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/invalid-committer
-committer Name <e<mail> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-empty commit
-COMMIT
-INPUT_END
 test_expect_success 'B: fail on invalid committer (2)' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/invalid-committer
+	committer Name <e<mail> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	empty commit
+	COMMIT
+	INPUT_END
+
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/invalid-committer" &&
 	test_must_fail git fast-import <input
 '
-git update-ref -d refs/heads/invalid-committer || true
 
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/invalid-committer
-committer Name <email>> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-empty commit
-COMMIT
-INPUT_END
 test_expect_success 'B: fail on invalid committer (3)' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/invalid-committer
+	committer Name <email>> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	empty commit
+	COMMIT
+	INPUT_END
+
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/invalid-committer" &&
 	test_must_fail git fast-import <input
 '
-git update-ref -d refs/heads/invalid-committer || true
 
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/invalid-committer
-committer Name <email $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-empty commit
-COMMIT
-INPUT_END
 test_expect_success 'B: fail on invalid committer (4)' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/invalid-committer
+	committer Name <email $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	empty commit
+	COMMIT
+	INPUT_END
+
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/invalid-committer" &&
 	test_must_fail git fast-import <input
 '
-git update-ref -d refs/heads/invalid-committer || true
 
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/invalid-committer
-committer Name<email> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-empty commit
-COMMIT
-INPUT_END
 test_expect_success 'B: fail on invalid committer (5)' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/invalid-committer
+	committer Name<email> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	empty commit
+	COMMIT
+	INPUT_END
+
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/invalid-committer" &&
 	test_must_fail git fast-import <input
 '
-git update-ref -d refs/heads/invalid-committer || true
 
 ###
 ### series C
 ###
 
-newf=`echo hi newf | git hash-object -w --stdin`
-oldf=`git rev-parse --verify master:file2`
-test_tick
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/branch
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-second
-COMMIT
-
-from refs/heads/master
-M 644 $oldf file2/oldf
-M 755 $newf file2/newf
-D file3
-
-INPUT_END
-test_expect_success \
-    'C: incremental import create pack from stdin' \
-    'git fast-import <input &&
-	 git whatchanged branch'
+test_expect_success 'C: incremental import create pack from stdin' '
+	newf=$(echo hi newf | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	oldf=$(git rev-parse --verify master:file2) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/branch
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	second
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/master
+	M 644 $oldf file2/oldf
+	M 755 $newf file2/newf
+	D file3
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	git whatchanged branch
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'C: verify pack' '
 	verify_packs
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'C: validate reuse existing blob' \
-	'test $newf = `git rev-parse --verify branch:file2/newf` &&
-	 test $oldf = `git rev-parse --verify branch:file2/oldf`'
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-parent `git rev-parse --verify master^0`
-author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-
-second
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'C: verify commit' \
-	'git cat-file commit branch | sed 1d >actual &&
-	 test_cmp expect actual'
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-:000000 100755 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc A	file2/newf
-:100644 100644 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 R100	file2	file2/oldf
-:100644 000000 0d92e9f3374ae2947c23aa477cbc68ce598135f1 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file3
-EOF
-git diff-tree -M -r master branch >actual
-test_expect_success \
-	'C: validate rename result' \
-	'compare_diff_raw expect actual'
+test_expect_success 'C: validate reuse existing blob' '
+	test $newf = $(git rev-parse --verify branch:file2/newf) &&
+	test $oldf = $(git rev-parse --verify branch:file2/oldf)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'C: verify commit' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	parent $(git rev-parse --verify master^0)
+	author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+
+	second
+	EOF
+
+	git cat-file commit branch | sed 1d >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'C: validate rename result' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:000000 100755 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc A	file2/newf
+	:100644 100644 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 R100	file2	file2/oldf
+	:100644 000000 0d92e9f3374ae2947c23aa477cbc68ce598135f1 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file3
+	EOF
+	git diff-tree -M -r master branch >actual &&
+	compare_diff_raw expect actual
+'
 
 ###
 ### series D
 ###
 
-test_tick
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/branch
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-third
-COMMIT
-
-from refs/heads/branch^0
-M 644 inline newdir/interesting
-data <<EOF
-$file5_data
-EOF
-
-M 755 inline newdir/exec.sh
-data <<EOF
-$file6_data
-EOF
-
-INPUT_END
-test_expect_success \
-    'D: inline data in commit' \
-    'git fast-import <input &&
-	 git whatchanged branch'
+test_expect_success 'D: inline data in commit' '
+	test_tick &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/branch
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	third
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/branch^0
+	M 644 inline newdir/interesting
+	data <<EOF
+	$file5_data
+	EOF
+
+	M 755 inline newdir/exec.sh
+	data <<EOF
+	$file6_data
+	EOF
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	git whatchanged branch
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'D: verify pack' '
 	verify_packs
 '
 
-cat >expect <<EOF
-:000000 100755 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 e74b7d465e52746be2b4bae983670711e6e66657 A	newdir/exec.sh
-:000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 A	newdir/interesting
-EOF
-git diff-tree -M -r branch^ branch >actual
-test_expect_success \
-	'D: validate new files added' \
-	'compare_diff_raw expect actual'
+test_expect_success 'D: validate new files added' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:000000 100755 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 e74b7d465e52746be2b4bae983670711e6e66657 A	newdir/exec.sh
+	:000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 A	newdir/interesting
+	EOF
+	git diff-tree -M -r branch^ branch >actual &&
+	compare_diff_raw expect actual
+'
 
-echo "$file5_data" >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'D: verify file5' \
-	'git cat-file blob branch:newdir/interesting >actual &&
-	 test_cmp expect actual'
+test_expect_success 'D: verify file5' '
+	echo "$file5_data" >expect &&
+	git cat-file blob branch:newdir/interesting >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
-echo "$file6_data" >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'D: verify file6' \
-	'git cat-file blob branch:newdir/exec.sh >actual &&
-	 test_cmp expect actual'
+test_expect_success 'D: verify file6' '
+	echo "$file6_data" >expect &&
+	git cat-file blob branch:newdir/exec.sh >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
 ###
 ### series E
 ###
 
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/branch
-author $GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL> Tue Feb 6 11:22:18 2007 -0500
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> Tue Feb 6 12:35:02 2007 -0500
-data <<COMMIT
-RFC 2822 type date
-COMMIT
+test_expect_success 'E: rfc2822 date, --date-format=raw' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/branch
+	author $GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL> Tue Feb 6 11:22:18 2007 -0500
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> Tue Feb 6 12:35:02 2007 -0500
+	data <<COMMIT
+	RFC 2822 type date
+	COMMIT
 
-from refs/heads/branch^0
+	from refs/heads/branch^0
 
-INPUT_END
-test_expect_success 'E: rfc2822 date, --date-format=raw' '
-    test_must_fail git fast-import --date-format=raw <input
+	INPUT_END
+
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --date-format=raw <input
+'
+test_expect_success 'E: rfc2822 date, --date-format=rfc2822' '
+	git fast-import --date-format=rfc2822 <input
 '
-test_expect_success \
-    'E: rfc2822 date, --date-format=rfc2822' \
-    'git fast-import --date-format=rfc2822 <input'
 
 test_expect_success 'E: verify pack' '
 	verify_packs
 '
 
-cat >expect <<EOF
-author $GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL> 1170778938 -0500
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1170783302 -0500
+test_expect_success 'E: verify commit' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	author $GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL> 1170778938 -0500
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1170783302 -0500
 
-RFC 2822 type date
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'E: verify commit' \
-	'git cat-file commit branch | sed 1,2d >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual'
+	RFC 2822 type date
+	EOF
+	git cat-file commit branch | sed 1,2d >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
 ###
 ### series F
 ###
 
-old_branch=`git rev-parse --verify branch^0`
-test_tick
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/branch
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-losing things already?
-COMMIT
-
-from refs/heads/branch~1
-
-reset refs/heads/other
-from refs/heads/branch
-
-INPUT_END
-test_expect_success \
-    'F: non-fast-forward update skips' \
-    'if git fast-import <input
-	 then
-		echo BAD gfi did not fail
-		return 1
-	 else
-		if test $old_branch = `git rev-parse --verify branch^0`
-		then
-			: branch unaffected and failure returned
-			return 0
-		else
-			echo BAD gfi changed branch $old_branch
-			return 1
-		fi
-	 fi
-	'
+test_expect_success 'F: non-fast-forward update skips' '
+	old_branch=$(git rev-parse --verify branch^0) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/branch
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	losing things already?
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/branch~1
+
+	reset refs/heads/other
+	from refs/heads/branch
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	test_must_fail git fast-import <input &&
+	# branch must remain unaffected
+	test $old_branch = $(git rev-parse --verify branch^0)
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'F: verify pack' '
 	verify_packs
 '
 
-cat >expect <<EOF
-tree `git rev-parse branch~1^{tree}`
-parent `git rev-parse branch~1`
-author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+test_expect_success 'F: verify other commit' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	tree $(git rev-parse branch~1^{tree})
+	parent $(git rev-parse branch~1)
+	author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 
-losing things already?
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'F: verify other commit' \
-	'git cat-file commit other >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual'
+	losing things already?
+	EOF
+	git cat-file commit other >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
 ###
 ### series G
 ###
 
-old_branch=`git rev-parse --verify branch^0`
-test_tick
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/branch
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-losing things already?
-COMMIT
+test_expect_success 'G: non-fast-forward update forced' '
+	old_branch=$(git rev-parse --verify branch^0) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/branch
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	losing things already?
+	COMMIT
 
-from refs/heads/branch~1
+	from refs/heads/branch~1
 
-INPUT_END
-test_expect_success \
-    'G: non-fast-forward update forced' \
-    'git fast-import --force <input'
+	INPUT_END
+	git fast-import --force <input
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'G: verify pack' '
 	verify_packs
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'G: branch changed, but logged' \
-	'test $old_branch != `git rev-parse --verify branch^0` &&
-	 test $old_branch = `git rev-parse --verify branch@{1}`'
+test_expect_success 'G: branch changed, but logged' '
+	test $old_branch != $(git rev-parse --verify branch^0) &&
+	test $old_branch = $(git rev-parse --verify branch@{1})
+'
 
 ###
 ### series H
 ###
 
-test_tick
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/H
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-third
-COMMIT
-
-from refs/heads/branch^0
-M 644 inline i-will-die
-data <<EOF
-this file will never exist.
-EOF
-
-deleteall
-M 644 inline h/e/l/lo
-data <<EOF
-$file5_data
-EOF
-
-INPUT_END
-test_expect_success \
-    'H: deletall, add 1' \
-    'git fast-import <input &&
-	 git whatchanged H'
+test_expect_success 'H: deletall, add 1' '
+	test_tick &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/H
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	third
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/branch^0
+	M 644 inline i-will-die
+	data <<EOF
+	this file will never exist.
+	EOF
+
+	deleteall
+	M 644 inline h/e/l/lo
+	data <<EOF
+	$file5_data
+	EOF
+
+	INPUT_END
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	git whatchanged H
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'H: verify pack' '
 	verify_packs
 '
 
-cat >expect <<EOF
-:100755 000000 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file2/newf
-:100644 000000 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file2/oldf
-:100755 000000 85df50785d62d3b05ab03d9cbf7e4a0b49449730 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file4
-:100644 100644 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 R100	newdir/interesting	h/e/l/lo
-:100755 000000 e74b7d465e52746be2b4bae983670711e6e66657 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	newdir/exec.sh
-EOF
-git diff-tree -M -r H^ H >actual
-test_expect_success \
-	'H: validate old files removed, new files added' \
-	'compare_diff_raw expect actual'
-
-echo "$file5_data" >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'H: verify file' \
-	'git cat-file blob H:h/e/l/lo >actual &&
-	 test_cmp expect actual'
+test_expect_success 'H: validate old files removed, new files added' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100755 000000 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file2/newf
+	:100644 000000 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file2/oldf
+	:100755 000000 85df50785d62d3b05ab03d9cbf7e4a0b49449730 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file4
+	:100644 100644 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 R100	newdir/interesting	h/e/l/lo
+	:100755 000000 e74b7d465e52746be2b4bae983670711e6e66657 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	newdir/exec.sh
+	EOF
+	git diff-tree -M -r H^ H >actual &&
+	compare_diff_raw expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'H: verify file' '
+	echo "$file5_data" >expect &&
+	git cat-file blob H:h/e/l/lo >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
 ###
 ### series I
 ###
 
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/export-boundary
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-we have a border.  its only 40 characters wide.
-COMMIT
+test_expect_success 'I: export-pack-edges' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/export-boundary
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	we have a border.  its only 40 characters wide.
+	COMMIT
 
-from refs/heads/branch
+	from refs/heads/branch
 
-INPUT_END
-test_expect_success \
-    'I: export-pack-edges' \
-    'git fast-import --export-pack-edges=edges.list <input'
+	INPUT_END
+	git fast-import --export-pack-edges=edges.list <input
+'
 
-cat >expect <<EOF
-.git/objects/pack/pack-.pack: `git rev-parse --verify export-boundary`
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'I: verify edge list' \
-	'sed -e s/pack-.*pack/pack-.pack/ edges.list >actual &&
-	 test_cmp expect actual'
+test_expect_success 'I: verify edge list' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	.git/objects/pack/pack-.pack: $(git rev-parse --verify export-boundary)
+	EOF
+	sed -e s/pack-.*pack/pack-.pack/ edges.list >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
 ###
 ### series J
 ###
 
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/J
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-create J
-COMMIT
-
-from refs/heads/branch
-
-reset refs/heads/J
-
-commit refs/heads/J
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-initialize J
-COMMIT
-
-INPUT_END
-test_expect_success \
-    'J: reset existing branch creates empty commit' \
-    'git fast-import <input'
-test_expect_success \
-	'J: branch has 1 commit, empty tree' \
-	'test 1 = `git rev-list J | wc -l` &&
-	 test 0 = `git ls-tree J | wc -l`'
-
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-reset refs/heads/J2
-
-tag wrong_tag
-from refs/heads/J2
-data <<EOF
-Tag branch that was reset.
-EOF
-INPUT_END
-test_expect_success \
-	'J: tag must fail on empty branch' \
-	'test_must_fail git fast-import <input'
+test_expect_success 'J: reset existing branch creates empty commit' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/J
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	create J
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/branch
+
+	reset refs/heads/J
+
+	commit refs/heads/J
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	initialize J
+	COMMIT
+
+	INPUT_END
+	git fast-import <input
+'
+test_expect_success 'J: branch has 1 commit, empty tree' '
+	test 1 = $(git rev-list J | wc -l) &&
+	test 0 = $(git ls-tree J | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'J: tag must fail on empty branch' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	reset refs/heads/J2
+
+	tag wrong_tag
+	from refs/heads/J2
+	data <<EOF
+	Tag branch that was reset.
+	EOF
+	INPUT_END
+	test_must_fail git fast-import <input
+'
+
 ###
 ### series K
 ###
 
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/K
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-create K
-COMMIT
+test_expect_success 'K: reinit branch with from' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/K
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	create K
+	COMMIT
 
-from refs/heads/branch
+	from refs/heads/branch
 
-commit refs/heads/K
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-redo K
-COMMIT
+	commit refs/heads/K
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	redo K
+	COMMIT
 
-from refs/heads/branch^1
+	from refs/heads/branch^1
 
-INPUT_END
-test_expect_success \
-    'K: reinit branch with from' \
-    'git fast-import <input'
-test_expect_success \
-    'K: verify K^1 = branch^1' \
-    'test `git rev-parse --verify branch^1` \
-		= `git rev-parse --verify K^1`'
+	INPUT_END
+	git fast-import <input
+'
+test_expect_success 'K: verify K^1 = branch^1' '
+	test $(git rev-parse --verify branch^1) \
+		= $(git rev-parse --verify K^1)
+'
 
 ###
 ### series L
 ###
 
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-blob
-mark :1
-data <<EOF
-some data
-EOF
-
-blob
-mark :2
-data <<EOF
-other data
-EOF
-
-commit refs/heads/L
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-create L
-COMMIT
-
-M 644 :1 b.
-M 644 :1 b/other
-M 644 :1 ba
-
-commit refs/heads/L
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-update L
-COMMIT
-
-M 644 :2 b.
-M 644 :2 b/other
-M 644 :2 ba
-INPUT_END
-
-cat >expect <<EXPECT_END
-:100644 100644 4268632... 55d3a52... M	b.
-:040000 040000 0ae5cac... 443c768... M	b
-:100644 100644 4268632... 55d3a52... M	ba
-EXPECT_END
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'L: verify internal tree sorting' \
-	'git fast-import <input &&
-	 git diff-tree --abbrev --raw L^ L >output &&
-	 test_cmp expect output'
-
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-blob
-mark :1
-data <<EOF
-the data
-EOF
-
-commit refs/heads/L2
-committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1112912473 -0700
-data <<COMMIT
-init L2
-COMMIT
-M 644 :1 a/b/c
-M 644 :1 a/b/d
-M 644 :1 a/e/f
-
-commit refs/heads/L2
-committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1112912473 -0700
-data <<COMMIT
-update L2
-COMMIT
-C a g
-C a/e g/b
-M 644 :1 g/b/h
-INPUT_END
-
-cat <<EOF >expect
-g/b/f
-g/b/h
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'L: nested tree copy does not corrupt deltas' \
-	'git fast-import <input &&
+test_expect_success 'L: verify internal tree sorting' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	blob
+	mark :1
+	data <<EOF
+	some data
+	EOF
+
+	blob
+	mark :2
+	data <<EOF
+	other data
+	EOF
+
+	commit refs/heads/L
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	create L
+	COMMIT
+
+	M 644 :1 b.
+	M 644 :1 b/other
+	M 644 :1 ba
+
+	commit refs/heads/L
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	update L
+	COMMIT
+
+	M 644 :2 b.
+	M 644 :2 b/other
+	M 644 :2 ba
+	INPUT_END
+
+	cat >expect <<-EXPECT_END &&
+	:100644 100644 4268632... 55d3a52... M	b.
+	:040000 040000 0ae5cac... 443c768... M	b
+	:100644 100644 4268632... 55d3a52... M	ba
+	EXPECT_END
+
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	GIT_PRINT_SHA1_ELLIPSIS="yes" git diff-tree --abbrev --raw L^ L >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'L: nested tree copy does not corrupt deltas' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	blob
+	mark :1
+	data <<EOF
+	the data
+	EOF
+
+	commit refs/heads/L2
+	committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1112912473 -0700
+	data <<COMMIT
+	init L2
+	COMMIT
+	M 644 :1 a/b/c
+	M 644 :1 a/b/d
+	M 644 :1 a/e/f
+
+	commit refs/heads/L2
+	committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1112912473 -0700
+	data <<COMMIT
+	update L2
+	COMMIT
+	C a g
+	C a/e g/b
+	M 644 :1 g/b/h
+	INPUT_END
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	g/b/f
+	g/b/h
+	EOF
+
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/L2" &&
+	git fast-import <input &&
 	git ls-tree L2 g/b/ >tmp &&
 	cat tmp | cut -f 2 >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
-	git fsck `git rev-parse L2`'
-
-git update-ref -d refs/heads/L2
+	git fsck $(git rev-parse L2)
+'
 
 ###
 ### series M
 ###
 
-test_tick
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/M1
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-file rename
-COMMIT
-
-from refs/heads/branch^0
-R file2/newf file2/n.e.w.f
-
-INPUT_END
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc R100	file2/newf	file2/n.e.w.f
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'M: rename file in same subdirectory' \
-	'git fast-import <input &&
-	 git diff-tree -M -r M1^ M1 >actual &&
-	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
-
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/M2
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-file rename
-COMMIT
-
-from refs/heads/branch^0
-R file2/newf i/am/new/to/you
-
-INPUT_END
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc R100	file2/newf	i/am/new/to/you
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'M: rename file to new subdirectory' \
-	'git fast-import <input &&
-	 git diff-tree -M -r M2^ M2 >actual &&
-	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
-
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/M3
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-file rename
-COMMIT
-
-from refs/heads/M2^0
-R i other/sub
-
-INPUT_END
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc R100	i/am/new/to/you	other/sub/am/new/to/you
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'M: rename subdirectory to new subdirectory' \
-	'git fast-import <input &&
-	 git diff-tree -M -r M3^ M3 >actual &&
-	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
-
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/M4
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-rename root
-COMMIT
-
-from refs/heads/M2^0
-R "" sub
-
-INPUT_END
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-:100644 100644 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 R100	file2/oldf	sub/file2/oldf
-:100755 100755 85df50785d62d3b05ab03d9cbf7e4a0b49449730 85df50785d62d3b05ab03d9cbf7e4a0b49449730 R100	file4	sub/file4
-:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc R100	i/am/new/to/you	sub/i/am/new/to/you
-:100755 100755 e74b7d465e52746be2b4bae983670711e6e66657 e74b7d465e52746be2b4bae983670711e6e66657 R100	newdir/exec.sh	sub/newdir/exec.sh
-:100644 100644 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 R100	newdir/interesting	sub/newdir/interesting
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'M: rename root to subdirectory' \
-	'git fast-import <input &&
-	 git diff-tree -M -r M4^ M4 >actual &&
-	 cat actual &&
-	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
+test_expect_success 'M: rename file in same subdirectory' '
+	test_tick &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/M1
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	file rename
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/branch^0
+	R file2/newf file2/n.e.w.f
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc R100	file2/newf	file2/n.e.w.f
+	EOF
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	git diff-tree -M -r M1^ M1 >actual &&
+	compare_diff_raw expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'M: rename file to new subdirectory' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/M2
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	file rename
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/branch^0
+	R file2/newf i/am/new/to/you
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc R100	file2/newf	i/am/new/to/you
+	EOF
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	git diff-tree -M -r M2^ M2 >actual &&
+	compare_diff_raw expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'M: rename subdirectory to new subdirectory' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/M3
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	file rename
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/M2^0
+	R i other/sub
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc R100	i/am/new/to/you	other/sub/am/new/to/you
+	EOF
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	git diff-tree -M -r M3^ M3 >actual &&
+	compare_diff_raw expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'M: rename root to subdirectory' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/M4
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	rename root
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/M2^0
+	R "" sub
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100644 100644 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 R100	file2/oldf	sub/file2/oldf
+	:100755 100755 85df50785d62d3b05ab03d9cbf7e4a0b49449730 85df50785d62d3b05ab03d9cbf7e4a0b49449730 R100	file4	sub/file4
+	:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc R100	i/am/new/to/you	sub/i/am/new/to/you
+	:100755 100755 e74b7d465e52746be2b4bae983670711e6e66657 e74b7d465e52746be2b4bae983670711e6e66657 R100	newdir/exec.sh	sub/newdir/exec.sh
+	:100644 100644 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 R100	newdir/interesting	sub/newdir/interesting
+	EOF
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	git diff-tree -M -r M4^ M4 >actual &&
+	cat actual &&
+	compare_diff_raw expect actual
+'
 
 ###
 ### series N
 ###
 
-test_tick
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/N1
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-file copy
-COMMIT
-
-from refs/heads/branch^0
-C file2/newf file2/n.e.w.f
-
-INPUT_END
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc C100	file2/newf	file2/n.e.w.f
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'N: copy file in same subdirectory' \
-	'git fast-import <input &&
-	 git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder -r N1^ N1 >actual &&
-	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
-
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/N2
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-clean directory copy
-COMMIT
-
-from refs/heads/branch^0
-C file2 file3
-
-commit refs/heads/N2
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-modify directory copy
-COMMIT
-
-M 644 inline file3/file5
-data <<EOF
-$file5_data
-EOF
-
-INPUT_END
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-:100644 100644 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 C100	newdir/interesting	file3/file5
-:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc C100	file2/newf	file3/newf
-:100644 100644 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 C100	file2/oldf	file3/oldf
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'N: copy then modify subdirectory' \
-	'git fast-import <input &&
-	 git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder -r N2^^ N2 >actual &&
-	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
-
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/N3
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-dirty directory copy
-COMMIT
-
-from refs/heads/branch^0
-M 644 inline file2/file5
-data <<EOF
-$file5_data
-EOF
-
-C file2 file3
-D file2/file5
-
-INPUT_END
-
-test_expect_success \
-	'N: copy dirty subdirectory' \
-	'git fast-import <input &&
-	 test `git rev-parse N2^{tree}` = `git rev-parse N3^{tree}`'
-
-test_expect_success \
-	'N: copy directory by id' \
-	'cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+test_expect_success 'N: copy file in same subdirectory' '
+	test_tick &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/N1
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	file copy
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/branch^0
+	C file2/newf file2/n.e.w.f
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc C100	file2/newf	file2/n.e.w.f
+	EOF
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder -r N1^ N1 >actual &&
+	compare_diff_raw expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'N: copy then modify subdirectory' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/N2
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	clean directory copy
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/branch^0
+	C file2 file3
+
+	commit refs/heads/N2
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	modify directory copy
+	COMMIT
+
+	M 644 inline file3/file5
+	data <<EOF
+	$file5_data
+	EOF
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100644 100644 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 C100	newdir/interesting	file3/file5
 	:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc C100	file2/newf	file3/newf
 	:100644 100644 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 C100	file2/oldf	file3/oldf
 	EOF
-	 subdir=$(git rev-parse refs/heads/branch^0:file2) &&
-	 cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder -r N2^^ N2 >actual &&
+	compare_diff_raw expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'N: copy dirty subdirectory' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/N3
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	dirty directory copy
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/branch^0
+	M 644 inline file2/file5
+	data <<EOF
+	$file5_data
+	EOF
+
+	C file2 file3
+	D file2/file5
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	test $(git rev-parse N2^{tree}) = $(git rev-parse N3^{tree})
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'N: copy directory by id' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc C100	file2/newf	file3/newf
+	:100644 100644 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 C100	file2/oldf	file3/oldf
+	EOF
+	subdir=$(git rev-parse refs/heads/branch^0:file2) &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
 	commit refs/heads/N4
 	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 	data <<COMMIT
@@ -1127,9 +1113,10 @@ test_expect_success \
 	from refs/heads/branch^0
 	M 040000 $subdir file3
 	INPUT_END
-	 git fast-import <input &&
-	 git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder -r N4^ N4 >actual &&
-	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder -r N4^ N4 >actual &&
+	compare_diff_raw expect actual
+'
 
 test_expect_success PIPE 'N: read and copy directory' '
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
@@ -1198,18 +1185,17 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'N: empty directory reads as missing' '
 	test_cmp expect.response response &&
 	git rev-list read-empty |
 	git diff-tree -r --root --stdin |
-	sed "s/$_x40/OBJNAME/g" >actual &&
+	sed "s/$OID_REGEX/OBJNAME/g" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'N: copy root directory by tree hash' \
-	'cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+test_expect_success 'N: copy root directory by tree hash' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	:100755 000000 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file3/newf
 	:100644 000000 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file3/oldf
 	EOF
-	 root=$(git rev-parse refs/heads/branch^0^{tree}) &&
-	 cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	root=$(git rev-parse refs/heads/branch^0^{tree}) &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
 	commit refs/heads/N6
 	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 	data <<COMMIT
@@ -1219,20 +1205,20 @@ test_expect_success \
 	from refs/heads/branch^0
 	M 040000 $root ""
 	INPUT_END
-	 git fast-import <input &&
-	 git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder -r N4 N6 >actual &&
-	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder -r N4 N6 >actual &&
+	compare_diff_raw expect actual
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'N: copy root by path' \
-	'cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+test_expect_success 'N: copy root by path' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc C100	file2/newf	oldroot/file2/newf
 	:100644 100644 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 C100	file2/oldf	oldroot/file2/oldf
 	:100755 100755 85df50785d62d3b05ab03d9cbf7e4a0b49449730 85df50785d62d3b05ab03d9cbf7e4a0b49449730 C100	file4	oldroot/file4
 	:100755 100755 e74b7d465e52746be2b4bae983670711e6e66657 e74b7d465e52746be2b4bae983670711e6e66657 C100	newdir/exec.sh	oldroot/newdir/exec.sh
 	:100644 100644 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 C100	newdir/interesting	oldroot/newdir/interesting
 	EOF
-	 cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
 	commit refs/heads/N-copy-root-path
 	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 	data <<COMMIT
@@ -1242,21 +1228,21 @@ test_expect_success \
 	from refs/heads/branch^0
 	C "" oldroot
 	INPUT_END
-	 git fast-import <input &&
-	 git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder -r branch N-copy-root-path >actual &&
-	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder -r branch N-copy-root-path >actual &&
+	compare_diff_raw expect actual
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'N: delete directory by copying' \
-	'cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+test_expect_success 'N: delete directory by copying' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	OBJID
 	:100644 000000 OBJID OBJID D	foo/bar/qux
 	OBJID
 	:000000 100644 OBJID OBJID A	foo/bar/baz
 	:000000 100644 OBJID OBJID A	foo/bar/qux
 	EOF
-	 empty_tree=$(git mktree </dev/null) &&
-	 cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	empty_tree=$(git mktree </dev/null) &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
 	commit refs/heads/N-delete
 	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 	data <<COMMIT
@@ -1282,21 +1268,21 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 	M 040000 $empty_tree foo/bar/qux
 	INPUT_END
-	 git fast-import <input &&
-	 git rev-list N-delete |
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	git rev-list N-delete |
 		git diff-tree -r --stdin --root --always |
-		sed -e "s/$_x40/OBJID/g" >actual &&
-	 test_cmp expect actual'
+		sed -e "s/$OID_REGEX/OBJID/g" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'N: modify copied tree' \
-	'cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+test_expect_success 'N: modify copied tree' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	:100644 100644 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 fcf778cda181eaa1cbc9e9ce3a2e15ee9f9fe791 C100	newdir/interesting	file3/file5
 	:100755 100755 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc C100	file2/newf	file3/newf
 	:100644 100644 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 C100	file2/oldf	file3/oldf
 	EOF
-	 subdir=$(git rev-parse refs/heads/branch^0:file2) &&
-	 cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	subdir=$(git rev-parse refs/heads/branch^0:file2) &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
 	commit refs/heads/N5
 	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 	data <<COMMIT
@@ -1317,14 +1303,14 @@ test_expect_success \
 	$file5_data
 	EOF
 	INPUT_END
-	 git fast-import <input &&
-	 git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder -r N5^^ N5 >actual &&
-	 compare_diff_raw expect actual'
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder -r N5^^ N5 >actual &&
+	compare_diff_raw expect actual
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'N: reject foo/ syntax' \
-	'subdir=$(git rev-parse refs/heads/branch^0:file2) &&
-	 test_must_fail git fast-import <<-INPUT_END
+test_expect_success 'N: reject foo/ syntax' '
+	subdir=$(git rev-parse refs/heads/branch^0:file2) &&
+	test_must_fail git fast-import <<-INPUT_END
 	commit refs/heads/N5B
 	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 	data <<COMMIT
@@ -1333,11 +1319,11 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 	from refs/heads/branch^0
 	M 040000 $subdir file3/
-	INPUT_END'
+	INPUT_END
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'N: reject foo/ syntax in copy source' \
-	'test_must_fail git fast-import <<-INPUT_END
+test_expect_success 'N: reject foo/ syntax in copy source' '
+	test_must_fail git fast-import <<-INPUT_END
 	commit refs/heads/N5C
 	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 	data <<COMMIT
@@ -1346,11 +1332,11 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 	from refs/heads/branch^0
 	C file2/ file3
-	INPUT_END'
+	INPUT_END
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'N: reject foo/ syntax in rename source' \
-	'test_must_fail git fast-import <<-INPUT_END
+test_expect_success 'N: reject foo/ syntax in rename source' '
+	test_must_fail git fast-import <<-INPUT_END
 	commit refs/heads/N5D
 	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 	data <<COMMIT
@@ -1359,11 +1345,11 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 	from refs/heads/branch^0
 	R file2/ file3
-	INPUT_END'
+	INPUT_END
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'N: reject foo/ syntax in ls argument' \
-	'test_must_fail git fast-import <<-INPUT_END
+test_expect_success 'N: reject foo/ syntax in ls argument' '
+	test_must_fail git fast-import <<-INPUT_END
 	commit refs/heads/N5E
 	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 	data <<COMMIT
@@ -1372,13 +1358,13 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 	from refs/heads/branch^0
 	ls "file2/"
-	INPUT_END'
+	INPUT_END
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'N: copy to root by id and modify' \
-	'echo "hello, world" >expect.foo &&
-	 echo hello >expect.bar &&
-	 git fast-import <<-SETUP_END &&
+test_expect_success 'N: copy to root by id and modify' '
+	echo "hello, world" >expect.foo &&
+	echo hello >expect.bar &&
+	git fast-import <<-SETUP_END &&
 	commit refs/heads/N7
 	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 	data <<COMMIT
@@ -1392,8 +1378,8 @@ test_expect_success \
 	EOF
 	SETUP_END
 
-	 tree=$(git rev-parse --verify N7:) &&
-	 git fast-import <<-INPUT_END &&
+	tree=$(git rev-parse --verify N7:) &&
+	git fast-import <<-INPUT_END &&
 	commit refs/heads/N8
 	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 	data <<COMMIT
@@ -1406,15 +1392,15 @@ test_expect_success \
 	hello, world
 	EOF
 	INPUT_END
-	 git show N8:foo/foo >actual.foo &&
-	 git show N8:foo/bar >actual.bar &&
-	 test_cmp expect.foo actual.foo &&
-	 test_cmp expect.bar actual.bar'
+	git show N8:foo/foo >actual.foo &&
+	git show N8:foo/bar >actual.bar &&
+	test_cmp expect.foo actual.foo &&
+	test_cmp expect.bar actual.bar
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'N: extract subtree' \
-	'branch=$(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/branch^{tree}) &&
-	 cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+test_expect_success 'N: extract subtree' '
+	branch=$(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/branch^{tree}) &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
 	commit refs/heads/N9
 	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 	data <<COMMIT
@@ -1424,14 +1410,14 @@ test_expect_success \
 	M 040000 $branch ""
 	C "newdir" ""
 	INPUT_END
-	 git fast-import <input &&
-	 git diff --exit-code branch:newdir N9'
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	git diff --exit-code branch:newdir N9
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'N: modify subtree, extract it, and modify again' \
-	'echo hello >expect.baz &&
-	 echo hello, world >expect.qux &&
-	 git fast-import <<-SETUP_END &&
+test_expect_success 'N: modify subtree, extract it, and modify again' '
+	echo hello >expect.baz &&
+	echo hello, world >expect.qux &&
+	git fast-import <<-SETUP_END &&
 	commit refs/heads/N10
 	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 	data <<COMMIT
@@ -1445,8 +1431,8 @@ test_expect_success \
 	EOF
 	SETUP_END
 
-	 tree=$(git rev-parse --verify N10:) &&
-	 git fast-import <<-INPUT_END &&
+	tree=$(git rev-parse --verify N10:) &&
+	git fast-import <<-INPUT_END &&
 	commit refs/heads/N11
 	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 	data <<COMMIT
@@ -1461,676 +1447,692 @@ test_expect_success \
 	R "foo" ""
 	C "bar/qux" "bar/quux"
 	INPUT_END
-	 git show N11:bar/baz >actual.baz &&
-	 git show N11:bar/qux >actual.qux &&
-	 git show N11:bar/quux >actual.quux &&
-	 test_cmp expect.baz actual.baz &&
-	 test_cmp expect.qux actual.qux &&
-	 test_cmp expect.qux actual.quux'
+	git show N11:bar/baz >actual.baz &&
+	git show N11:bar/qux >actual.qux &&
+	git show N11:bar/quux >actual.quux &&
+	test_cmp expect.baz actual.baz &&
+	test_cmp expect.qux actual.qux &&
+	test_cmp expect.qux actual.quux'
 
 ###
 ### series O
 ###
 
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-#we will
-commit refs/heads/O1
-# -- ignore all of this text
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-# $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME has inserted here for his benefit.
-data <<COMMIT
-dirty directory copy
-COMMIT
-
-# don't forget the import blank line!
-#
-# yes, we started from our usual base of branch^0.
-# i like branch^0.
-from refs/heads/branch^0
-# and we need to reuse file2/file5 from N3 above.
-M 644 inline file2/file5
-# otherwise the tree will be different
-data <<EOF
-$file5_data
-EOF
-
-# don't forget to copy file2 to file3
-C file2 file3
-#
-# or to delete file5 from file2.
-D file2/file5
-# are we done yet?
-
-INPUT_END
-
-test_expect_success \
-	'O: comments are all skipped' \
-	'git fast-import <input &&
-	 test `git rev-parse N3` = `git rev-parse O1`'
-
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/O2
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-dirty directory copy
-COMMIT
-from refs/heads/branch^0
-M 644 inline file2/file5
-data <<EOF
-$file5_data
-EOF
-C file2 file3
-D file2/file5
-
-INPUT_END
-
-test_expect_success \
-	'O: blank lines not necessary after data commands' \
-	'git fast-import <input &&
-	 test `git rev-parse N3` = `git rev-parse O2`'
-
-test_expect_success \
-	'O: repack before next test' \
-	'git repack -a -d'
-
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/O3
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-zstring
-COMMIT
-commit refs/heads/O3
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-zof
-COMMIT
-checkpoint
-commit refs/heads/O3
-mark :5
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-zempty
-COMMIT
-checkpoint
-commit refs/heads/O3
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-zcommits
-COMMIT
-reset refs/tags/O3-2nd
-from :5
-reset refs/tags/O3-3rd
-from :5
-INPUT_END
-
-cat >expect <<INPUT_END
-string
-of
-empty
-commits
-INPUT_END
-test_expect_success \
-	'O: blank lines not necessary after other commands' \
-	'git fast-import <input &&
-	 test 8 = `find .git/objects/pack -type f | wc -l` &&
-	 test `git rev-parse refs/tags/O3-2nd` = `git rev-parse O3^` &&
-	 git log --reverse --pretty=oneline O3 | sed s/^.*z// >actual &&
-	 test_cmp expect actual'
-
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/O4
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-zstring
-COMMIT
-commit refs/heads/O4
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-zof
-COMMIT
-progress Two commits down, 2 to go!
-commit refs/heads/O4
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-zempty
-COMMIT
-progress Three commits down, 1 to go!
-commit refs/heads/O4
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-zcommits
-COMMIT
-progress I'm done!
-INPUT_END
-test_expect_success \
-	'O: progress outputs as requested by input' \
-	'git fast-import <input >actual &&
-	 grep "progress " <input >expect &&
-	 test_cmp expect actual'
+test_expect_success 'O: comments are all skipped' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	#we will
+	commit refs/heads/O1
+	# -- ignore all of this text
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	# $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME has inserted here for his benefit.
+	data <<COMMIT
+	dirty directory copy
+	COMMIT
+
+	# do not forget the import blank line!
+	#
+	# yes, we started from our usual base of branch^0.
+	# i like branch^0.
+	from refs/heads/branch^0
+	# and we need to reuse file2/file5 from N3 above.
+	M 644 inline file2/file5
+	# otherwise the tree will be different
+	data <<EOF
+	$file5_data
+	EOF
+
+	# do not forget to copy file2 to file3
+	C file2 file3
+	#
+	# or to delete file5 from file2.
+	D file2/file5
+	# are we done yet?
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	test $(git rev-parse N3) = $(git rev-parse O1)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'O: blank lines not necessary after data commands' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/O2
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	dirty directory copy
+	COMMIT
+	from refs/heads/branch^0
+	M 644 inline file2/file5
+	data <<EOF
+	$file5_data
+	EOF
+	C file2 file3
+	D file2/file5
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	test $(git rev-parse N3) = $(git rev-parse O2)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'O: repack before next test' '
+	git repack -a -d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'O: blank lines not necessary after other commands' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/O3
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	zstring
+	COMMIT
+	commit refs/heads/O3
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	zof
+	COMMIT
+	checkpoint
+	commit refs/heads/O3
+	mark :5
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	zempty
+	COMMIT
+	checkpoint
+	commit refs/heads/O3
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	zcommits
+	COMMIT
+	reset refs/tags/O3-2nd
+	from :5
+	reset refs/tags/O3-3rd
+	from :5
+	INPUT_END
+
+	cat >expect <<-INPUT_END &&
+	string
+	of
+	empty
+	commits
+	INPUT_END
+
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	test 8 = $(find .git/objects/pack -type f | wc -l) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse refs/tags/O3-2nd) = $(git rev-parse O3^) &&
+	git log --reverse --pretty=oneline O3 | sed s/^.*z// >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'O: progress outputs as requested by input' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/O4
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	zstring
+	COMMIT
+	commit refs/heads/O4
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	zof
+	COMMIT
+	progress Two commits down, 2 to go!
+	commit refs/heads/O4
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	zempty
+	COMMIT
+	progress Three commits down, 1 to go!
+	commit refs/heads/O4
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	zcommits
+	COMMIT
+	progress done!
+	INPUT_END
+	git fast-import <input >actual &&
+	grep "progress " <input >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
 ###
 ### series P (gitlinks)
 ###
 
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-blob
-mark :1
-data 10
-test file
-
-reset refs/heads/sub
-commit refs/heads/sub
-mark :2
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data 12
-sub_initial
-M 100644 :1 file
-
-blob
-mark :3
-data <<DATAEND
-[submodule "sub"]
-	path = sub
-	url = "`pwd`/sub"
-DATAEND
-
-commit refs/heads/subuse1
-mark :4
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data 8
-initial
-from refs/heads/master
-M 100644 :3 .gitmodules
-M 160000 :2 sub
-
-blob
-mark :5
-data 20
-test file
-more data
-
-commit refs/heads/sub
-mark :6
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data 11
-sub_second
-from :2
-M 100644 :5 file
-
-commit refs/heads/subuse1
-mark :7
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data 7
-second
-from :4
-M 160000 :6 sub
-
-INPUT_END
-
-test_expect_success \
-	'P: superproject & submodule mix' \
-	'git fast-import <input &&
-	 git checkout subuse1 &&
-	 rm -rf sub && mkdir sub && (cd sub &&
-	 git init &&
-	 git fetch --update-head-ok .. refs/heads/sub:refs/heads/master &&
-	 git checkout master) &&
-	 git submodule init &&
-	 git submodule update'
-
-SUBLAST=$(git rev-parse --verify sub)
-SUBPREV=$(git rev-parse --verify sub^)
-
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-blob
-mark :1
-data <<DATAEND
-[submodule "sub"]
-	path = sub
-	url = "`pwd`/sub"
-DATAEND
-
-commit refs/heads/subuse2
-mark :2
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data 8
-initial
-from refs/heads/master
-M 100644 :1 .gitmodules
-M 160000 $SUBPREV sub
-
-commit refs/heads/subuse2
-mark :3
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data 7
-second
-from :2
-M 160000 $SUBLAST sub
-
-INPUT_END
-
-test_expect_success \
-	'P: verbatim SHA gitlinks' \
-	'git branch -D sub &&
-	 git gc && git prune &&
-	 git fast-import <input &&
-	 test $(git rev-parse --verify subuse2) = $(git rev-parse --verify subuse1)'
-
-test_tick
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/subuse3
-mark :1
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-corrupt
-COMMIT
-
-from refs/heads/subuse2
-M 160000 inline sub
-data <<DATA
-$SUBPREV
-DATA
-
-INPUT_END
+test_expect_success 'P: superproject & submodule mix' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	blob
+	mark :1
+	data 10
+	test file
+
+	reset refs/heads/sub
+	commit refs/heads/sub
+	mark :2
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data 12
+	sub_initial
+	M 100644 :1 file
 
-test_expect_success 'P: fail on inline gitlink' '
-    test_must_fail git fast-import <input'
+	blob
+	mark :3
+	data <<DATAEND
+	[submodule "sub"]
+		path = sub
+		url = "$(pwd)/sub"
+	DATAEND
+
+	commit refs/heads/subuse1
+	mark :4
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data 8
+	initial
+	from refs/heads/master
+	M 100644 :3 .gitmodules
+	M 160000 :2 sub
+
+	blob
+	mark :5
+	data 20
+	test file
+	more data
+
+	commit refs/heads/sub
+	mark :6
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data 11
+	sub_second
+	from :2
+	M 100644 :5 file
+
+	commit refs/heads/subuse1
+	mark :7
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data 7
+	second
+	from :4
+	M 160000 :6 sub
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	git checkout subuse1 &&
+	rm -rf sub &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		git init &&
+		git fetch --update-head-ok .. refs/heads/sub:refs/heads/master &&
+		git checkout master
+	) &&
+	git submodule init &&
+	git submodule update
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'P: verbatim SHA gitlinks' '
+	SUBLAST=$(git rev-parse --verify sub) &&
+	SUBPREV=$(git rev-parse --verify sub^) &&
+
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	blob
+	mark :1
+	data <<DATAEND
+	[submodule "sub"]
+		path = sub
+		url = "$(pwd)/sub"
+	DATAEND
+
+	commit refs/heads/subuse2
+	mark :2
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data 8
+	initial
+	from refs/heads/master
+	M 100644 :1 .gitmodules
+	M 160000 $SUBPREV sub
+
+	commit refs/heads/subuse2
+	mark :3
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data 7
+	second
+	from :2
+	M 160000 $SUBLAST sub
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	git branch -D sub &&
+	git gc &&
+	git prune &&
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	test $(git rev-parse --verify subuse2) = $(git rev-parse --verify subuse1)
+'
 
-test_tick
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-blob
-mark :1
-data <<DATA
-$SUBPREV
-DATA
+test_expect_success 'P: fail on inline gitlink' '
+	test_tick &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/subuse3
+	mark :1
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	corrupt
+	COMMIT
 
-commit refs/heads/subuse3
-mark :2
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-corrupt
-COMMIT
+	from refs/heads/subuse2
+	M 160000 inline sub
+	data <<DATA
+	$SUBPREV
+	DATA
 
-from refs/heads/subuse2
-M 160000 :1 sub
+	INPUT_END
 
-INPUT_END
+	test_must_fail git fast-import <input
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'P: fail on blob mark in gitlink' '
-    test_must_fail git fast-import <input'
+	test_tick &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	blob
+	mark :1
+	data <<DATA
+	$SUBPREV
+	DATA
+
+	commit refs/heads/subuse3
+	mark :2
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	corrupt
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/subuse2
+	M 160000 :1 sub
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	test_must_fail git fast-import <input
+'
 
 ###
 ### series Q (notes)
 ###
 
-note1_data="The first note for the first commit"
-note2_data="The first note for the second commit"
-note3_data="The first note for the third commit"
-note1b_data="The second note for the first commit"
-note1c_data="The third note for the first commit"
-note2b_data="The second note for the second commit"
-
-test_tick
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-blob
-mark :2
-data <<EOF
-$file2_data
-EOF
-
-commit refs/heads/notes-test
-mark :3
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-first (:3)
-COMMIT
-
-M 644 :2 file2
-
-blob
-mark :4
-data $file4_len
-$file4_data
-commit refs/heads/notes-test
-mark :5
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-second (:5)
-COMMIT
-
-M 644 :4 file4
-
-commit refs/heads/notes-test
-mark :6
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-third (:6)
-COMMIT
-
-M 644 inline file5
-data <<EOF
-$file5_data
-EOF
-
-M 755 inline file6
-data <<EOF
-$file6_data
-EOF
-
-blob
-mark :7
-data <<EOF
-$note1_data
-EOF
-
-blob
-mark :8
-data <<EOF
-$note2_data
-EOF
-
-commit refs/notes/foobar
-mark :9
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-notes (:9)
-COMMIT
-
-N :7 :3
-N :8 :5
-N inline :6
-data <<EOF
-$note3_data
-EOF
-
-commit refs/notes/foobar
-mark :10
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-notes (:10)
-COMMIT
-
-N inline :3
-data <<EOF
-$note1b_data
-EOF
-
-commit refs/notes/foobar2
-mark :11
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-notes (:11)
-COMMIT
-
-N inline :3
-data <<EOF
-$note1c_data
-EOF
-
-commit refs/notes/foobar
-mark :12
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-notes (:12)
-COMMIT
-
-deleteall
-N inline :5
-data <<EOF
-$note2b_data
-EOF
-
-INPUT_END
-
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: commit notes' \
-	'git fast-import <input &&
-	 git whatchanged notes-test'
+test_expect_success 'Q: commit notes' '
+	note1_data="The first note for the first commit" &&
+	note2_data="The first note for the second commit" &&
+	note3_data="The first note for the third commit" &&
+	note1b_data="The second note for the first commit" &&
+	note1c_data="The third note for the first commit" &&
+	note2b_data="The second note for the second commit" &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	blob
+	mark :2
+	data <<EOF
+	$file2_data
+	EOF
+
+	commit refs/heads/notes-test
+	mark :3
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	first (:3)
+	COMMIT
+
+	M 644 :2 file2
+
+	blob
+	mark :4
+	data $file4_len
+	$file4_data
+	commit refs/heads/notes-test
+	mark :5
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	second (:5)
+	COMMIT
+
+	M 644 :4 file4
+
+	commit refs/heads/notes-test
+	mark :6
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	third (:6)
+	COMMIT
+
+	M 644 inline file5
+	data <<EOF
+	$file5_data
+	EOF
+
+	M 755 inline file6
+	data <<EOF
+	$file6_data
+	EOF
+
+	blob
+	mark :7
+	data <<EOF
+	$note1_data
+	EOF
+
+	blob
+	mark :8
+	data <<EOF
+	$note2_data
+	EOF
+
+	commit refs/notes/foobar
+	mark :9
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	notes (:9)
+	COMMIT
+
+	N :7 :3
+	N :8 :5
+	N inline :6
+	data <<EOF
+	$note3_data
+	EOF
+
+	commit refs/notes/foobar
+	mark :10
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	notes (:10)
+	COMMIT
+
+	N inline :3
+	data <<EOF
+	$note1b_data
+	EOF
+
+	commit refs/notes/foobar2
+	mark :11
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	notes (:11)
+	COMMIT
+
+	N inline :3
+	data <<EOF
+	$note1c_data
+	EOF
+
+	commit refs/notes/foobar
+	mark :12
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	notes (:12)
+	COMMIT
+
+	deleteall
+	N inline :5
+	data <<EOF
+	$note2b_data
+	EOF
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	git whatchanged notes-test
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'Q: verify pack' '
 	verify_packs
 '
 
-commit1=$(git rev-parse notes-test~2)
-commit2=$(git rev-parse notes-test^)
-commit3=$(git rev-parse notes-test)
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-
-first (:3)
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify first commit' \
-	'git cat-file commit notes-test~2 | sed 1d >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual'
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-parent $commit1
-author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-
-second (:5)
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify second commit' \
-	'git cat-file commit notes-test^ | sed 1d >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual'
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-parent $commit2
-author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-
-third (:6)
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify third commit' \
-	'git cat-file commit notes-test | sed 1d >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual'
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-
-notes (:9)
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify first notes commit' \
-	'git cat-file commit refs/notes/foobar~2 | sed 1d >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual'
-
-cat >expect.unsorted <<EOF
-100644 blob $commit1
-100644 blob $commit2
-100644 blob $commit3
-EOF
-cat expect.unsorted | sort >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify first notes tree' \
-	'git cat-file -p refs/notes/foobar~2^{tree} | sed "s/ [0-9a-f]*	/ /" >actual &&
-	 test_cmp expect actual'
-
-echo "$note1_data" >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify first note for first commit' \
-	'git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar~2:$commit1 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
-
-echo "$note2_data" >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify first note for second commit' \
-	'git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar~2:$commit2 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
-
-echo "$note3_data" >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify first note for third commit' \
-	'git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar~2:$commit3 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-parent `git rev-parse --verify refs/notes/foobar~2`
-author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-
-notes (:10)
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify second notes commit' \
-	'git cat-file commit refs/notes/foobar^ | sed 1d >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual'
-
-cat >expect.unsorted <<EOF
-100644 blob $commit1
-100644 blob $commit2
-100644 blob $commit3
-EOF
-cat expect.unsorted | sort >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify second notes tree' \
-	'git cat-file -p refs/notes/foobar^^{tree} | sed "s/ [0-9a-f]*	/ /" >actual &&
-	 test_cmp expect actual'
-
-echo "$note1b_data" >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify second note for first commit' \
-	'git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar^:$commit1 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
-
-echo "$note2_data" >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify first note for second commit' \
-	'git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar^:$commit2 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
-
-echo "$note3_data" >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify first note for third commit' \
-	'git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar^:$commit3 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-
-notes (:11)
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify third notes commit' \
-	'git cat-file commit refs/notes/foobar2 | sed 1d >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual'
-
-cat >expect.unsorted <<EOF
-100644 blob $commit1
-EOF
-cat expect.unsorted | sort >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify third notes tree' \
-	'git cat-file -p refs/notes/foobar2^{tree} | sed "s/ [0-9a-f]*	/ /" >actual &&
-	 test_cmp expect actual'
-
-echo "$note1c_data" >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify third note for first commit' \
-	'git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar2:$commit1 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
-
-cat >expect <<EOF
-parent `git rev-parse --verify refs/notes/foobar^`
-author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-
-notes (:12)
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify fourth notes commit' \
-	'git cat-file commit refs/notes/foobar | sed 1d >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual'
-
-cat >expect.unsorted <<EOF
-100644 blob $commit2
-EOF
-cat expect.unsorted | sort >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify fourth notes tree' \
-	'git cat-file -p refs/notes/foobar^{tree} | sed "s/ [0-9a-f]*	/ /" >actual &&
-	 test_cmp expect actual'
-
-echo "$note2b_data" >expect
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify second note for second commit' \
-	'git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar:$commit2 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
-
-cat >input <<EOF
-reset refs/heads/Q0
-
-commit refs/heads/note-Q0
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-Note for an empty branch.
-COMMIT
-
-N inline refs/heads/Q0
-data <<NOTE
-some note
-NOTE
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: deny note on empty branch' \
-	'test_must_fail git fast-import <input'
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify first commit' '
+	commit1=$(git rev-parse notes-test~2) &&
+	commit2=$(git rev-parse notes-test^) &&
+	commit3=$(git rev-parse notes-test) &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+
+	first (:3)
+	EOF
+	git cat-file commit notes-test~2 | sed 1d >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify second commit' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	parent $commit1
+	author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+
+	second (:5)
+	EOF
+	git cat-file commit notes-test^ | sed 1d >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify third commit' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	parent $commit2
+	author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+
+	third (:6)
+	EOF
+	git cat-file commit notes-test | sed 1d >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify first notes commit' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+
+	notes (:9)
+	EOF
+	git cat-file commit refs/notes/foobar~2 | sed 1d >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify first notes tree' '
+	cat >expect.unsorted <<-EOF &&
+	100644 blob $commit1
+	100644 blob $commit2
+	100644 blob $commit3
+	EOF
+	cat expect.unsorted | sort >expect &&
+	git cat-file -p refs/notes/foobar~2^{tree} | sed "s/ [0-9a-f]*	/ /" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify first note for first commit' '
+	echo "$note1_data" >expect &&
+	git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar~2:$commit1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify first note for second commit' '
+	echo "$note2_data" >expect &&
+	git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar~2:$commit2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify first note for third commit' '
+	echo "$note3_data" >expect &&
+	git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar~2:$commit3 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify second notes commit' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	parent $(git rev-parse --verify refs/notes/foobar~2)
+	author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+
+	notes (:10)
+	EOF
+	git cat-file commit refs/notes/foobar^ | sed 1d >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify second notes tree' '
+	cat >expect.unsorted <<-EOF &&
+	100644 blob $commit1
+	100644 blob $commit2
+	100644 blob $commit3
+	EOF
+	cat expect.unsorted | sort >expect &&
+	git cat-file -p refs/notes/foobar^^{tree} | sed "s/ [0-9a-f]*	/ /" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify second note for first commit' '
+	echo "$note1b_data" >expect &&
+	git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar^:$commit1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify first note for second commit' '
+	echo "$note2_data" >expect &&
+	git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar^:$commit2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify first note for third commit' '
+	echo "$note3_data" >expect &&
+	git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar^:$commit3 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify third notes commit' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+
+	notes (:11)
+	EOF
+	git cat-file commit refs/notes/foobar2 | sed 1d >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify third notes tree' '
+	cat >expect.unsorted <<-EOF &&
+	100644 blob $commit1
+	EOF
+	cat expect.unsorted | sort >expect &&
+	git cat-file -p refs/notes/foobar2^{tree} | sed "s/ [0-9a-f]*	/ /" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify third note for first commit' '
+	echo "$note1c_data" >expect &&
+	git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar2:$commit1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify fourth notes commit' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	parent $(git rev-parse --verify refs/notes/foobar^)
+	author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+
+	notes (:12)
+	EOF
+	git cat-file commit refs/notes/foobar | sed 1d >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify fourth notes tree' '
+	cat >expect.unsorted <<-EOF &&
+	100644 blob $commit2
+	EOF
+	cat expect.unsorted | sort >expect &&
+	git cat-file -p refs/notes/foobar^{tree} | sed "s/ [0-9a-f]*	/ /" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify second note for second commit' '
+	echo "$note2b_data" >expect &&
+	git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar:$commit2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: deny note on empty branch' '
+	cat >input <<-EOF &&
+	reset refs/heads/Q0
+
+	commit refs/heads/note-Q0
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	Note for an empty branch.
+	COMMIT
+
+	N inline refs/heads/Q0
+	data <<NOTE
+	some note
+	NOTE
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git fast-import <input
+'
 ###
 ### series R (feature and option)
 ###
 
-cat >input <<EOF
-feature no-such-feature-exists
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'R: abort on unsupported feature' '
+	cat >input <<-EOF &&
+	feature no-such-feature-exists
+	EOF
+
 	test_must_fail git fast-import <input
 '
 
-cat >input <<EOF
-feature date-format=now
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'R: supported feature is accepted' '
+	cat >input <<-EOF &&
+	feature date-format=now
+	EOF
+
 	git fast-import <input
 '
 
-cat >input << EOF
-blob
-data 3
-hi
-feature date-format=now
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'R: abort on receiving feature after data command' '
+	cat >input <<-EOF &&
+	blob
+	data 3
+	hi
+	feature date-format=now
+	EOF
+
 	test_must_fail git fast-import <input
 '
 
-cat >input << EOF
-feature import-marks=git.marks
-feature import-marks=git2.marks
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'R: only one import-marks feature allowed per stream' '
+	cat >input <<-EOF &&
+	feature import-marks=git.marks
+	feature import-marks=git2.marks
+	EOF
+
 	test_must_fail git fast-import <input
 '
 
-cat >input << EOF
-feature export-marks=git.marks
-blob
-mark :1
-data 3
-hi
+test_expect_success 'R: export-marks feature results in a marks file being created' '
+	cat >input <<-EOF &&
+	feature export-marks=git.marks
+	blob
+	mark :1
+	data 3
+	hi
 
-EOF
+	EOF
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'R: export-marks feature results in a marks file being created' \
-    'cat input | git fast-import &&
-    grep :1 git.marks'
+	cat input | git fast-import &&
+	grep :1 git.marks
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'R: export-marks options can be overridden by commandline options' \
-    'cat input | git fast-import --export-marks=other.marks &&
-    grep :1 other.marks'
+test_expect_success 'R: export-marks options can be overridden by commandline options' '
+	cat input | git fast-import --export-marks=other.marks &&
+	grep :1 other.marks
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'R: catch typo in marks file name' '
 	test_must_fail git fast-import --import-marks=nonexistent.marks </dev/null &&
@@ -2189,12 +2191,11 @@ test_expect_success 'R: --import-marks-if-exists' '
 
 test_expect_success 'R: feature import-marks-if-exists' '
 	rm -f io.marks &&
-	>expect &&
 
 	git fast-import --export-marks=io.marks <<-\EOF &&
 	feature import-marks-if-exists=not_io.marks
 	EOF
-	test_cmp expect io.marks &&
+	test_must_be_empty io.marks &&
 
 	blob=$(echo hi | git hash-object --stdin) &&
 
@@ -2225,71 +2226,69 @@ test_expect_success 'R: feature import-marks-if-exists' '
 	EOF
 	test_cmp expect io.marks &&
 
-	>expect &&
-
 	git fast-import --import-marks-if-exists=not_io.marks \
 			--export-marks=io.marks <<-\EOF &&
 	feature import-marks-if-exists=io.marks
 	EOF
-	test_cmp expect io.marks
+	test_must_be_empty io.marks
 '
 
-cat >input << EOF
-feature import-marks=marks.out
-feature export-marks=marks.new
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'R: import to output marks works without any content' \
-    'cat input | git fast-import &&
-    test_cmp marks.out marks.new'
+test_expect_success 'R: import to output marks works without any content' '
+	cat >input <<-EOF &&
+	feature import-marks=marks.out
+	feature export-marks=marks.new
+	EOF
 
-cat >input <<EOF
-feature import-marks=nonexistent.marks
-feature export-marks=marks.new
-EOF
+	cat input | git fast-import &&
+	test_cmp marks.out marks.new
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'R: import marks prefers commandline marks file over the stream' \
-    'cat input | git fast-import --import-marks=marks.out &&
-    test_cmp marks.out marks.new'
+test_expect_success 'R: import marks prefers commandline marks file over the stream' '
+	cat >input <<-EOF &&
+	feature import-marks=nonexistent.marks
+	feature export-marks=marks.new
+	EOF
 
+	cat input | git fast-import --import-marks=marks.out &&
+	test_cmp marks.out marks.new
+'
 
-cat >input <<EOF
-feature import-marks=nonexistent.marks
-feature export-marks=combined.marks
-EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'R: multiple --import-marks= should be honoured' '
-    head -n2 marks.out > one.marks &&
-    tail -n +3 marks.out > two.marks &&
-    git fast-import --import-marks=one.marks --import-marks=two.marks <input &&
-    test_cmp marks.out combined.marks
-'
+	cat >input <<-EOF &&
+	feature import-marks=nonexistent.marks
+	feature export-marks=combined.marks
+	EOF
 
-cat >input <<EOF
-feature relative-marks
-feature import-marks=relative.in
-feature export-marks=relative.out
-EOF
+	head -n2 marks.out > one.marks &&
+	tail -n +3 marks.out > two.marks &&
+	git fast-import --import-marks=one.marks --import-marks=two.marks <input &&
+	test_cmp marks.out combined.marks
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'R: feature relative-marks should be honoured' '
-    mkdir -p .git/info/fast-import/ &&
-    cp marks.new .git/info/fast-import/relative.in &&
-    git fast-import <input &&
-    test_cmp marks.new .git/info/fast-import/relative.out
-'
+	cat >input <<-EOF &&
+	feature relative-marks
+	feature import-marks=relative.in
+	feature export-marks=relative.out
+	EOF
 
-cat >input <<EOF
-feature relative-marks
-feature import-marks=relative.in
-feature no-relative-marks
-feature export-marks=non-relative.out
-EOF
+	mkdir -p .git/info/fast-import/ &&
+	cp marks.new .git/info/fast-import/relative.in &&
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	test_cmp marks.new .git/info/fast-import/relative.out
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'R: feature no-relative-marks should be honoured' '
-    git fast-import <input &&
-    test_cmp marks.new non-relative.out
+	cat >input <<-EOF &&
+	feature relative-marks
+	feature import-marks=relative.in
+	feature no-relative-marks
+	feature export-marks=non-relative.out
+	EOF
+
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	test_cmp marks.new non-relative.out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'R: feature ls supported' '
@@ -2330,15 +2329,28 @@ test_expect_success !MINGW 'R: in-stream cat-blob-fd not respected' '
 	cat-blob $blob
 	EOF
 	test_cmp expect actual.3 &&
-	test_cmp empty actual.1 &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.1 &&
 	git fast-import 3>actual.3 >actual.1 <<-EOF &&
 	option cat-blob-fd=3
 	cat-blob $blob
 	EOF
-	test_cmp empty actual.3 &&
+	test_must_be_empty actual.3 &&
 	test_cmp expect actual.1
 '
 
+test_expect_success !MINGW 'R: print mark for new blob' '
+	echo "effluentish" | git hash-object --stdin >expect &&
+	git fast-import --cat-blob-fd=6 6>actual <<-\EOF &&
+	blob
+	mark :1
+	data <<BLOB_END
+	effluentish
+	BLOB_END
+	get-mark :1
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success !MINGW 'R: print new blob' '
 	blob=$(echo "yep yep yep" | git hash-object --stdin) &&
 	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
@@ -2449,7 +2461,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'R: copy using cat-file' '
 
 		read blob_id type size <&3 &&
 		echo "$blob_id $type $size" >response &&
-		head_c $size >blob <&3 &&
+		test_copy_bytes $size >blob <&3 &&
 		read newline <&3 &&
 
 		cat <<-EOF &&
@@ -2492,7 +2504,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'R: print blob mid-commit' '
 		EOF
 
 		read blob_id type size <&3 &&
-		head_c $size >actual <&3 &&
+		test_copy_bytes $size >actual <&3 &&
 		read newline <&3 &&
 
 		echo
@@ -2527,7 +2539,7 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'R: print staged blob within commit' '
 		echo "cat-blob $to_get" &&
 
 		read blob_id type size <&3 &&
-		head_c $size >actual <&3 &&
+		test_copy_bytes $size >actual <&3 &&
 		read newline <&3 &&
 
 		echo deleteall
@@ -2536,17 +2548,17 @@ test_expect_success PIPE 'R: print staged blob within commit' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-cat >input << EOF
-option git quiet
-blob
-data 3
-hi
+test_expect_success 'R: quiet option results in no stats being output' '
+	cat >input <<-EOF &&
+	option git quiet
+	blob
+	data 3
+	hi
 
-EOF
+	EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'R: quiet option results in no stats being output' '
-    cat input | git fast-import 2> output &&
-    test_cmp empty output
+	cat input | git fast-import 2> output &&
+	test_must_be_empty output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'R: feature done means terminating "done" is mandatory' '
@@ -2587,20 +2599,20 @@ test_expect_success 'R: terminating "done" within commit' '
 	EOF
 	git rev-list done-ends |
 	git diff-tree -r --stdin --root --always |
-	sed -e "s/$_x40/OBJID/g" >actual &&
+	sed -e "s/$OID_REGEX/OBJID/g" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-cat >input <<EOF
-option git non-existing-option
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'R: die on unknown option' '
-    test_must_fail git fast-import <input
+	cat >input <<-EOF &&
+	option git non-existing-option
+	EOF
+
+	test_must_fail git fast-import <input
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'R: unknown commandline options are rejected' '\
-    test_must_fail git fast-import --non-existing-option < /dev/null
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --non-existing-option < /dev/null
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'R: die on invalid option argument' '
@@ -2611,41 +2623,57 @@ test_expect_success 'R: die on invalid option argument' '
 	test_must_fail git fast-import --depth="5 elephants" </dev/null
 '
 
-cat >input <<EOF
-option non-existing-vcs non-existing-option
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'R: ignore non-git options' '
-    git fast-import <input
+	cat >input <<-EOF &&
+	option non-existing-vcs non-existing-option
+	EOF
+
+	git fast-import <input
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'R: corrupt lines do not mess marks file' '
+	rm -f io.marks &&
+	blob=$(echo hi | git hash-object --stdin) &&
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:3 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+	:1 $blob
+	:2 $blob
+	EOF
+	cp expect io.marks &&
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --import-marks=io.marks --export-marks=io.marks <<-\EOF &&
+
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect io.marks
 '
 
 ##
 ## R: very large blobs
 ##
-blobsize=$((2*1024*1024 + 53))
-test-genrandom bar $blobsize >expect
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/big-file
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-R - big file
-COMMIT
-
-M 644 inline big1
-data $blobsize
-INPUT_END
-cat expect >>input
-cat >>input <<INPUT_END
-M 644 inline big2
-data $blobsize
-INPUT_END
-cat expect >>input
-echo >>input
-
-test_expect_success \
-	'R: blob bigger than threshold' \
-	'test_create_repo R &&
-	 git --git-dir=R/.git fast-import --big-file-threshold=1 <input'
+test_expect_success 'R: blob bigger than threshold' '
+	blobsize=$((2*1024*1024 + 53)) &&
+	test-tool genrandom bar $blobsize >expect &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/big-file
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	R - big file
+	COMMIT
+
+	M 644 inline big1
+	data $blobsize
+	INPUT_END
+	cat expect >>input &&
+	cat >>input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	M 644 inline big2
+	data $blobsize
+	INPUT_END
+	cat expect >>input &&
+	echo >>input &&
+
+	test_create_repo R &&
+	git --git-dir=R/.git config fastimport.unpackLimit 0 &&
+	git --git-dir=R/.git fast-import --big-file-threshold=1 <input
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'R: verify created pack' '
 	(
@@ -2654,17 +2682,18 @@ test_expect_success 'R: verify created pack' '
 	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'R: verify written objects' \
-	'git --git-dir=R/.git cat-file blob big-file:big1 >actual &&
-	 test_cmp_bin expect actual &&
-	 a=$(git --git-dir=R/.git rev-parse big-file:big1) &&
-	 b=$(git --git-dir=R/.git rev-parse big-file:big2) &&
-	 test $a = $b'
-test_expect_success \
-	'R: blob appears only once' \
-	'n=$(grep $a verify | wc -l) &&
-	 test 1 = $n'
+test_expect_success 'R: verify written objects' '
+	git --git-dir=R/.git cat-file blob big-file:big1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp_bin expect actual &&
+	a=$(git --git-dir=R/.git rev-parse big-file:big1) &&
+	b=$(git --git-dir=R/.git rev-parse big-file:big2) &&
+	test $a = $b
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'R: blob appears only once' '
+	n=$(grep $a verify | wc -l) &&
+	test 1 = $n
+'
 
 ###
 ### series S
@@ -2697,46 +2726,46 @@ test_expect_success \
 #
 #   Invalid dataref ..
 #
-test_tick
-
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/S
-mark :301
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-commit 1
-COMMIT
-M 100644 inline hello.c
-data <<BLOB
-blob 1
-BLOB
-
-commit refs/heads/S
-mark :302
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-commit 2
-COMMIT
-from :301
-M 100644 inline hello.c
-data <<BLOB
-blob 2
-BLOB
-
-blob
-mark :403
-data <<BLOB
-blob 3
-BLOB
-
-blob
-mark :202
-data <<BLOB
-note 2
-BLOB
-INPUT_END
-
 test_expect_success 'S: initialize for S tests' '
+	test_tick &&
+
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/S
+	mark :301
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	commit 1
+	COMMIT
+	M 100644 inline hello.c
+	data <<BLOB
+	blob 1
+	BLOB
+
+	commit refs/heads/S
+	mark :302
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	commit 2
+	COMMIT
+	from :301
+	M 100644 inline hello.c
+	data <<BLOB
+	blob 2
+	BLOB
+
+	blob
+	mark :403
+	data <<BLOB
+	blob 3
+	BLOB
+
+	blob
+	mark :202
+	data <<BLOB
+	note 2
+	BLOB
+	INPUT_END
+
 	git fast-import --export-marks=marks <input
 '
 
@@ -2790,7 +2819,7 @@ test_expect_success 'S: filemodify with garbage after sha1 must fail' '
 #
 # notemodify, three ways to say dataref
 #
-test_expect_success 'S: notemodify with garabge after mark dataref must fail' '
+test_expect_success 'S: notemodify with garbage after mark dataref must fail' '
 	test_must_fail git fast-import --import-marks=marks <<-EOF 2>err &&
 	commit refs/heads/S
 	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
@@ -2988,104 +3017,249 @@ test_expect_success 'T: empty reset doesnt delete branch' '
 ### series U (filedelete)
 ###
 
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/U
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-test setup
-COMMIT
-M 100644 inline hello.c
-data <<BLOB
-blob 1
-BLOB
-M 100644 inline good/night.txt
-data <<BLOB
-sleep well
-BLOB
-M 100644 inline good/bye.txt
-data <<BLOB
-au revoir
-BLOB
-
-INPUT_END
-
 test_expect_success 'U: initialize for U tests' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/U
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	test setup
+	COMMIT
+	M 100644 inline hello.c
+	data <<BLOB
+	blob 1
+	BLOB
+	M 100644 inline good/night.txt
+	data <<BLOB
+	sleep well
+	BLOB
+	M 100644 inline good/bye.txt
+	data <<BLOB
+	au revoir
+	BLOB
+
+	INPUT_END
+
 	git fast-import <input
 '
 
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/U
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-delete good/night.txt
-COMMIT
-from refs/heads/U^0
-D good/night.txt
+test_expect_success 'U: filedelete file succeeds' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/U
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	delete good/night.txt
+	COMMIT
+	from refs/heads/U^0
+	D good/night.txt
 
-INPUT_END
+	INPUT_END
 
-test_expect_success 'U: filedelete file succeeds' '
 	git fast-import <input
 '
 
-cat >expect <<EOF
-:100644 000000 2907ebb4bf85d91bf0716bb3bd8a68ef48d6da76 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	good/night.txt
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'U: validate file delete result' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100644 000000 2907ebb4bf85d91bf0716bb3bd8a68ef48d6da76 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	good/night.txt
+	EOF
 
-git diff-tree -M -r U^1 U >actual
+	git diff-tree -M -r U^1 U >actual &&
 
-test_expect_success 'U: validate file delete result' '
 	compare_diff_raw expect actual
 '
 
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/U
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-delete good dir
-COMMIT
-from refs/heads/U^0
-D good
+test_expect_success 'U: filedelete directory succeeds' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/U
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	delete good dir
+	COMMIT
+	from refs/heads/U^0
+	D good
 
-INPUT_END
+	INPUT_END
 
-test_expect_success 'U: filedelete directory succeeds' '
 	git fast-import <input
 '
 
-cat >expect <<EOF
-:100644 000000 69cb75792f55123d8389c156b0b41c2ff00ed507 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	good/bye.txt
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'U: validate directory delete result' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100644 000000 69cb75792f55123d8389c156b0b41c2ff00ed507 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	good/bye.txt
+	EOF
 
-git diff-tree -M -r U^1 U >actual
+	git diff-tree -M -r U^1 U >actual &&
 
-test_expect_success 'U: validate directory delete result' '
 	compare_diff_raw expect actual
 '
 
-cat >input <<INPUT_END
-commit refs/heads/U
-committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-data <<COMMIT
-must succeed
-COMMIT
-from refs/heads/U^0
-D ""
+test_expect_success 'U: filedelete root succeeds' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/U
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	must succeed
+	COMMIT
+	from refs/heads/U^0
+	D ""
 
-INPUT_END
+	INPUT_END
 
-test_expect_success 'U: filedelete root succeeds' '
-    git fast-import <input
+	git fast-import <input
 '
 
-cat >expect <<EOF
-:100644 000000 c18147dc648481eeb65dc5e66628429a64843327 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	hello.c
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'U: validate root delete result' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	:100644 000000 c18147dc648481eeb65dc5e66628429a64843327 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	hello.c
+	EOF
 
-git diff-tree -M -r U^1 U >actual
+	git diff-tree -M -r U^1 U >actual &&
 
-test_expect_success 'U: validate root delete result' '
 	compare_diff_raw expect actual
 '
 
+###
+### series V (checkpoint)
+###
+
+# The commands in input_file should not produce any output on the file
+# descriptor set with --cat-blob-fd (or stdout if unspecified).
+#
+# To make sure you're observing the side effects of checkpoint *before*
+# fast-import terminates (and thus writes out its state), check that the
+# fast-import process is still running using background_import_still_running
+# *after* evaluating the test conditions.
+background_import_then_checkpoint () {
+	options=$1
+	input_file=$2
+
+	mkfifo V.input
+	exec 8<>V.input
+	rm V.input
+
+	mkfifo V.output
+	exec 9<>V.output
+	rm V.output
+
+	git fast-import $options <&8 >&9 &
+	echo $! >V.pid
+	# We don't mind if fast-import has already died by the time the test
+	# ends.
+	test_when_finished "
+		exec 8>&-; exec 9>&-;
+		kill $(cat V.pid) && wait $(cat V.pid)
+		true"
+
+	# Start in the background to ensure we adhere strictly to (blocking)
+	# pipes writing sequence. We want to assume that the write below could
+	# block, e.g. if fast-import blocks writing its own output to &9
+	# because there is no reader on &9 yet.
+	(
+		cat "$input_file"
+		echo "checkpoint"
+		echo "progress checkpoint"
+	) >&8 &
+
+	error=1 ;# assume the worst
+	while read output <&9
+	do
+		if test "$output" = "progress checkpoint"
+		then
+			error=0
+			break
+		fi
+		# otherwise ignore cruft
+		echo >&2 "cruft: $output"
+	done
+
+	if test $error -eq 1
+	then
+		false
+	fi
+}
+
+background_import_still_running () {
+	if ! kill -0 "$(cat V.pid)"
+	then
+		echo >&2 "background fast-import terminated too early"
+		false
+	fi
+}
+
+test_expect_success PIPE 'V: checkpoint helper does not get stuck with extra output' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	progress foo
+	progress bar
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	background_import_then_checkpoint "" input &&
+	background_import_still_running
+'
+
+test_expect_success PIPE 'V: checkpoint updates refs after reset' '
+	cat >input <<-\INPUT_END &&
+	reset refs/heads/V
+	from refs/heads/U
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	background_import_then_checkpoint "" input &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse --verify V)" = "$(git rev-parse --verify U)" &&
+	background_import_still_running
+'
+
+test_expect_success PIPE 'V: checkpoint updates refs and marks after commit' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/V
+	mark :1
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data 0
+	from refs/heads/U
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	background_import_then_checkpoint "--export-marks=marks.actual" input &&
+
+	echo ":1 $(git rev-parse --verify V)" >marks.expected &&
+
+	test "$(git rev-parse --verify V^)" = "$(git rev-parse --verify U)" &&
+	test_cmp marks.expected marks.actual &&
+	background_import_still_running
+'
+
+# Re-create the exact same commit, but on a different branch: no new object is
+# created in the database, but the refs and marks still need to be updated.
+test_expect_success PIPE 'V: checkpoint updates refs and marks after commit (no new objects)' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/V2
+	mark :2
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data 0
+	from refs/heads/U
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	background_import_then_checkpoint "--export-marks=marks.actual" input &&
+
+	echo ":2 $(git rev-parse --verify V2)" >marks.expected &&
+
+	test "$(git rev-parse --verify V2)" = "$(git rev-parse --verify V)" &&
+	test_cmp marks.expected marks.actual &&
+	background_import_still_running
+'
+
+test_expect_success PIPE 'V: checkpoint updates tags after tag' '
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	tag Vtag
+	from refs/heads/V
+	tagger $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data 0
+
+	INPUT_END
+
+	background_import_then_checkpoint "" input &&
+	git show-ref -d Vtag &&
+	background_import_still_running
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9301-fast-import-notes.sh b/t/t9301-fast-import-notes.sh
index 83acf68bc3..dadc70b7d5 100755
--- a/t/t9301-fast-import-notes.sh
+++ b/t/t9301-fast-import-notes.sh
@@ -483,6 +483,48 @@ test_expect_success 'verify that lots of notes trigger a fanout scheme' '
 
 '
 
+# Create another notes tree from the one above
+SP=" "
+cat >>input <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/heads/other_commits
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+commit #$(($num_commit + 1))
+COMMIT
+
+from refs/heads/many_commits
+M 644 inline file
+data <<EOF
+file contents in commit #$(($num_commit + 1))
+EOF
+
+commit refs/notes/other_notes
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+committing one more note on a tree imported from a previous notes tree
+COMMIT
+
+M 040000 $(git log --no-walk --format=%T refs/notes/many_notes)$SP
+N inline :$(($num_commit + 1))
+data <<EOF
+note for commit #$(($num_commit + 1))
+EOF
+INPUT_END
+
+test_expect_success 'verify that importing a notes tree respects the fanout scheme' '
+	git fast-import <input &&
+
+	# None of the entries in the top-level notes tree should be a full SHA1
+	git ls-tree --name-only refs/notes/other_notes |
+	while read path
+	do
+		if test $(expr length "$path") -ge 40
+		then
+			return 1
+		fi
+	done
+'
+
 cat >>expect_non-note1 << EOF
 This is not a note, but rather a regular file residing in a notes tree
 EOF
diff --git a/t/t9302-fast-import-unpack-limit.sh b/t/t9302-fast-import-unpack-limit.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..bb1c39cfcc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9302-fast-import-unpack-limit.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+test_description='test git fast-import unpack limit'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'create loose objects on import' '
+	test_tick &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/master
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	initial
+	COMMIT
+
+	done
+	INPUT_END
+
+	git -c fastimport.unpackLimit=2 fast-import --done <input &&
+	git fsck --no-progress &&
+	test $(find .git/objects/?? -type f | wc -l) -eq 2 &&
+	test $(find .git/objects/pack -type f | wc -l) -eq 0
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bigger packs are preserved' '
+	test_tick &&
+	cat >input <<-INPUT_END &&
+	commit refs/heads/master
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	incremental should create a pack
+	COMMIT
+	from refs/heads/master^0
+
+	commit refs/heads/branch
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	branch
+	COMMIT
+
+	done
+	INPUT_END
+
+	git -c fastimport.unpackLimit=2 fast-import --done <input &&
+	git fsck --no-progress &&
+	test $(find .git/objects/?? -type f | wc -l) -eq 2 &&
+	test $(find .git/objects/pack -type f | wc -l) -eq 2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'lookups after checkpoint works' '
+	hello_id=$(echo hello | git hash-object --stdin -t blob) &&
+	id="$GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE" &&
+	before=$(git rev-parse refs/heads/master^0) &&
+	(
+		cat <<-INPUT_END &&
+		blob
+		mark :1
+		data 6
+		hello
+
+		commit refs/heads/master
+		mark :2
+		committer $id
+		data <<COMMIT
+		checkpoint after this
+		COMMIT
+		from refs/heads/master^0
+		M 100644 :1 hello
+
+		# pre-checkpoint
+		cat-blob :1
+		cat-blob $hello_id
+		checkpoint
+		# post-checkpoint
+		cat-blob :1
+		cat-blob $hello_id
+		INPUT_END
+
+		n=0 &&
+		from=$before &&
+		while test x"$from" = x"$before"
+		do
+			if test $n -gt 30
+			then
+				echo >&2 "checkpoint did not update branch" &&
+				exit 1
+			else
+				n=$(($n + 1))
+			fi &&
+			sleep 1 &&
+			from=$(git rev-parse refs/heads/master^0)
+		done &&
+		cat <<-INPUT_END &&
+		commit refs/heads/master
+		committer $id
+		data <<COMMIT
+		make sure from "unpacked sha1 reference" works, too
+		COMMIT
+		from $from
+		INPUT_END
+		echo done
+	) | git -c fastimport.unpackLimit=100 fast-import --done &&
+	test $(find .git/objects/?? -type f | wc -l) -eq 6 &&
+	test $(find .git/objects/pack -type f | wc -l) -eq 2
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9303-fast-import-compression.sh b/t/t9303-fast-import-compression.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..856219f46a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9303-fast-import-compression.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='compression setting of fast-import utility'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# This should be moved to test-lib.sh together with the
+# copy in t0021 after both topics have graduated to 'master'.
+file_size () {
+	perl -e 'print -s $ARGV[0]' "$1"
+}
+
+import_large () {
+	(
+		echo blob
+		echo "data <<EOD"
+		printf "%2000000s\n" "$*"
+		echo EOD
+	) | git "$@" fast-import
+}
+
+while read expect config
+do
+	test_expect_success "fast-import (packed) with $config" '
+		test_when_finished "rm -f .git/objects/pack/pack-*.*" &&
+		test_when_finished "rm -rf .git/objects/??" &&
+		import_large -c fastimport.unpacklimit=0 $config &&
+		sz=$(file_size .git/objects/pack/pack-*.pack) &&
+		case "$expect" in
+		small) test "$sz" -le 100000 ;;
+		large) test "$sz" -ge 100000 ;;
+		esac
+	'
+done <<\EOF
+large -c core.compression=0
+small -c core.compression=9
+large -c core.compression=0 -c pack.compression=0
+large -c core.compression=9 -c pack.compression=0
+small -c core.compression=0 -c pack.compression=9
+small -c core.compression=9 -c pack.compression=9
+large -c pack.compression=0
+small -c pack.compression=9
+EOF
+
+while read expect config
+do
+	test_expect_success "fast-import (loose) with $config" '
+		test_when_finished "rm -f .git/objects/pack/pack-*.*" &&
+		test_when_finished "rm -rf .git/objects/??" &&
+		import_large -c fastimport.unpacklimit=9 $config &&
+		sz=$(file_size .git/objects/??/????*) &&
+		case "$expect" in
+		small) test "$sz" -le 100000 ;;
+		large) test "$sz" -ge 100000 ;;
+		esac
+	'
+done <<\EOF
+large -c core.compression=0
+small -c core.compression=9
+large -c core.compression=0 -c core.loosecompression=0
+large -c core.compression=9 -c core.loosecompression=0
+small -c core.compression=0 -c core.loosecompression=9
+small -c core.compression=9 -c core.loosecompression=9
+large -c core.loosecompression=0
+small -c core.loosecompression=9
+EOF
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9350-fast-export.sh b/t/t9350-fast-export.sh
index 66c8b0a371..6a392e87bc 100755
--- a/t/t9350-fast-export.sh
+++ b/t/t9350-fast-export.sh
@@ -43,20 +43,20 @@ test_expect_success 'fast-export | fast-import' '
 	MUSS=$(git rev-parse --verify muss) &&
 	mkdir new &&
 	git --git-dir=new/.git init &&
-	git fast-export --all |
+	git fast-export --all >actual &&
 	(cd new &&
 	 git fast-import &&
 	 test $MASTER = $(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/master) &&
 	 test $REIN = $(git rev-parse --verify refs/tags/rein) &&
 	 test $WER = $(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/wer) &&
-	 test $MUSS = $(git rev-parse --verify refs/tags/muss))
+	 test $MUSS = $(git rev-parse --verify refs/tags/muss)) <actual
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fast-export master~2..master' '
 
-	git fast-export master~2..master |
-		sed "s/master/partial/" |
+	git fast-export master~2..master >actual &&
+	sed "s/master/partial/" actual |
 		(cd new &&
 		 git fast-import &&
 		 test $MASTER != $(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/partial) &&
@@ -70,15 +70,16 @@ test_expect_success 'iso-8859-1' '
 
 	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	# use author and committer name in ISO-8859-1 to match it.
-	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/8859-1.txt &&
 	test_tick &&
 	echo rosten >file &&
 	git commit -s -m den file &&
-	git fast-export wer^..wer |
-		sed "s/wer/i18n/" |
+	git fast-export wer^..wer >iso8859-1.fi &&
+	sed "s/wer/i18n/" iso8859-1.fi |
 		(cd new &&
 		 git fast-import &&
-		 git cat-file commit i18n | grep "�éí óú")
+		 git cat-file commit i18n >actual &&
+		 grep "�éí óú" actual)
 
 '
 test_expect_success 'import/export-marks' '
@@ -87,20 +88,14 @@ test_expect_success 'import/export-marks' '
 	git fast-export --export-marks=tmp-marks HEAD &&
 	test -s tmp-marks &&
 	test_line_count = 3 tmp-marks &&
-	test $(
-		git fast-export --import-marks=tmp-marks\
-		--export-marks=tmp-marks HEAD |
-		grep ^commit |
-		wc -l) \
-	-eq 0 &&
+	git fast-export --import-marks=tmp-marks \
+		--export-marks=tmp-marks HEAD >actual &&
+	test $(grep ^commit actual | wc -l) -eq 0 &&
 	echo change > file &&
 	git commit -m "last commit" file &&
-	test $(
-		git fast-export --import-marks=tmp-marks \
-		--export-marks=tmp-marks HEAD |
-		grep ^commit\  |
-		wc -l) \
-	-eq 1 &&
+	git fast-export --import-marks=tmp-marks \
+		--export-marks=tmp-marks HEAD >actual &&
+	test $(grep ^commit\  actual | wc -l) -eq 1 &&
 	test_line_count = 4 tmp-marks
 
 '
@@ -163,7 +158,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup submodule' '
 		git add file &&
 		git commit -m sub_initial
 	) &&
-	git submodule add "`pwd`/sub" sub &&
+	git submodule add "$(pwd)/sub" sub &&
 	git commit -m initial &&
 	test_tick &&
 	(
@@ -184,7 +179,7 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule fast-export | fast-import' '
 	rm -rf new &&
 	mkdir new &&
 	git --git-dir=new/.git init &&
-	git fast-export --signed-tags=strip --all |
+	git fast-export --signed-tags=strip --all >actual &&
 	(cd new &&
 	 git fast-import &&
 	 test "$SUBENT1" = "$(git ls-tree refs/heads/master^ sub)" &&
@@ -192,7 +187,7 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule fast-export | fast-import' '
 	 git checkout master &&
 	 git submodule init &&
 	 git submodule update &&
-	 cmp sub/file ../sub/file)
+	 cmp sub/file ../sub/file) <actual
 
 '
 
@@ -234,7 +229,7 @@ test_expect_success 'fast-export -C -C | fast-import' '
 	mkdir new &&
 	git --git-dir=new/.git init &&
 	git fast-export -C -C --signed-tags=strip --all > output &&
-	grep "^C file6 file7\$" output &&
+	grep "^C file2 file4\$" output &&
 	cat output |
 	(cd new &&
 	 git fast-import &&
@@ -367,17 +362,19 @@ test_expect_success 'path limiting with import-marks does not lose unmodified fi
 	echo more content >> file &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -mnext file &&
-	git fast-export --import-marks=marks simple -- file file0 | grep file0
+	git fast-export --import-marks=marks simple -- file file0 >actual &&
+	grep file0 actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'full-tree re-shows unmodified files'        '
 	git checkout -f simple &&
-	test $(git fast-export --full-tree simple | grep -c file0) -eq 3
+	git fast-export --full-tree simple >actual &&
+	test $(grep -c file0 actual) -eq 3
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'set-up a few more tags for tag export tests' '
 	git checkout -f master &&
-	HEAD_TREE=`git show -s --pretty=raw HEAD | grep tree | sed "s/tree //"` &&
+	HEAD_TREE=$(git show -s --pretty=raw HEAD | grep tree | sed "s/tree //") &&
 	git tag    tree_tag        -m "tagging a tree" $HEAD_TREE &&
 	git tag -a tree_tag-obj    -m "tagging a tree" $HEAD_TREE &&
 	git tag    tag-obj_tag     -m "tagging a tag" tree_tag-obj &&
@@ -422,7 +419,7 @@ test_expect_success 'directory becomes symlink'        '
 test_expect_success 'fast-export quotes pathnames' '
 	git init crazy-paths &&
 	(cd crazy-paths &&
-	 blob=`echo foo | git hash-object -w --stdin` &&
+	 blob=$(echo foo | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
 	 git update-index --add \
 		--cacheinfo 100644 $blob "$(printf "path with\\nnewline")" \
 		--cacheinfo 100644 $blob "path with \"quote\"" \
@@ -505,8 +502,8 @@ test_expect_success 'refs are updated even if no commits need to be exported' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'use refspec' '
-	git fast-export --refspec refs/heads/master:refs/heads/foobar master | \
-		grep "^commit " | sort | uniq > actual &&
+	git fast-export --refspec refs/heads/master:refs/heads/foobar master >actual2 &&
+	grep "^commit " actual2 | sort | uniq >actual &&
 	echo "commit refs/heads/foobar" > expected &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
@@ -522,4 +519,41 @@ test_expect_success 'delete refspec' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'when using -C, do not declare copy when source of copy is also modified' '
+	test_create_repo src &&
+	echo a_line >src/file.txt &&
+	git -C src add file.txt &&
+	git -C src commit -m 1st_commit &&
+
+	cp src/file.txt src/file2.txt &&
+	echo another_line >>src/file.txt &&
+	git -C src add file.txt file2.txt &&
+	git -C src commit -m 2nd_commit &&
+
+	test_create_repo dst &&
+	git -C src fast-export --all -C >actual &&
+	git -C dst fast-import <actual &&
+	git -C src show >expected &&
+	git -C dst show >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge commit gets exported with --import-marks' '
+	test_create_repo merging &&
+	(
+		cd merging &&
+		test_commit initial &&
+		git checkout -b topic &&
+		test_commit on-topic &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		test_commit on-master &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git merge --no-ff -m Yeah topic &&
+
+		echo ":1 $(git rev-parse HEAD^^)" >marks &&
+		git fast-export --import-marks=marks master >out &&
+		grep Yeah out
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh b/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh
index 6146c3fec2..a5e5dca753 100755
--- a/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh
+++ b/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh
@@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ perl -e 'use DBI; use DBD::SQLite' >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
     test_done
 }
 
-WORKDIR=$(pwd)
-SERVERDIR=$(pwd)/gitcvs.git
+WORKDIR=$PWD
+SERVERDIR=$PWD/gitcvs.git
 git_config="$SERVERDIR/config"
 CVSROOT=":fork:$SERVERDIR"
-CVSWORK="$(pwd)/cvswork"
+CVSWORK="$PWD/cvswork"
 CVS_SERVER=git-cvsserver
 export CVSROOT CVS_SERVER
 
@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
   touch secondrootfile &&
   git add secondrootfile &&
   git commit -m "second root") &&
-  git pull secondroot master &&
+  git fetch secondroot master &&
+  git merge --allow-unrelated-histories FETCH_HEAD &&
   git clone -q --bare "$WORKDIR/.git" "$SERVERDIR" >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
   GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.enabled true &&
   GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config gitcvs.logfile "$SERVERDIR/gitcvs.log" &&
@@ -327,7 +328,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cvs update (subdirectories)' \
   '(for dir in A A/B A/B/C A/D E; do
       mkdir $dir &&
       echo "test file in $dir" >"$dir/file_in_$(echo $dir|sed -e "s#/# #g")"  &&
-      git add $dir;
+      git add $dir
    done) &&
    git commit -q -m "deep sub directory structure" &&
    git push gitcvs.git >/dev/null &&
@@ -370,7 +371,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cvs update (merge)' \
   'echo Line 0 >expected &&
    for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
    do
-     echo Line $i >>merge
+     echo Line $i >>merge &&
      echo Line $i >>expected
    done &&
    echo Line 8 >>expected &&
@@ -381,7 +382,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cvs update (merge)' \
    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q update &&
    test "$(echo $(grep merge CVS/Entries|cut -d/ -f2,3,5))" = "merge/1.1/" &&
    test_cmp merge ../merge &&
-   ( echo Line 0; cat merge ) >merge.tmp &&
+   ( echo Line 0 && cat merge ) >merge.tmp &&
    mv merge.tmp merge &&
    cd "$WORKDIR" &&
    echo Line 8 >>merge &&
@@ -409,7 +410,7 @@ do
 done
 
 test_expect_success 'cvs update (conflict merge)' \
-  '( echo LINE 0; cat merge ) >merge.tmp &&
+  '( echo LINE 0 && cat merge ) >merge.tmp &&
    mv merge.tmp merge &&
    git add merge &&
    git commit -q -m "Merge test (conflict)" &&
@@ -446,12 +447,10 @@ test_expect_success 'cvs update (-p)' '
     git push gitcvs.git >/dev/null &&
     cd cvswork &&
     GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs update &&
-    rm -f failures &&
     for i in merge no-lf empty really-empty; do
-        GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs update -p "$i" >$i.out
-	test_cmp $i.out ../$i >>failures 2>&1
-    done &&
-    test -z "$(cat failures)"
+	GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs update -p "$i" >$i.out &&
+	test_cmp $i.out ../$i || return 1
+    done
 '
 
 cd "$WORKDIR"
@@ -587,4 +586,52 @@ test_expect_success 'cvs annotate' '
     test_cmp ../expect ../actual
 '
 
+#------------
+# running via git-shell
+#------------
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+
+test_expect_success 'create remote-cvs helper' '
+	write_script remote-cvs <<-\EOF
+	exec git shell -c "cvs server"
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs server does not run with vanilla git-shell' '
+	(
+		cd cvswork &&
+		CVS_SERVER=$WORKDIR/remote-cvs &&
+		export CVS_SERVER &&
+		test_must_fail cvs log merge
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'configure git shell to run cvs server' '
+	mkdir "$HOME"/git-shell-commands &&
+
+	write_script "$HOME"/git-shell-commands/cvs <<-\EOF &&
+	if ! test $# = 1 && test "$1" = "server"
+	then
+		echo >&2 "git-cvsserver only handles \"server\""
+		exit 1
+	fi
+	exec git cvsserver server
+	EOF
+
+	# Should not be used, but part of the recommended setup
+	write_script "$HOME"/git-shell-commands/no-interactive-login <<-\EOF
+	echo Interactive login forbidden
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs server can run with recommended config' '
+	(
+		cd cvswork &&
+		CVS_SERVER=$WORKDIR/remote-cvs &&
+		export CVS_SERVER &&
+		cvs log merge
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh b/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh
index 5a4ed28e49..84787eee9a 100755
--- a/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh
+++ b/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh
@@ -74,11 +74,11 @@ perl -e 'use DBI; use DBD::SQLite' >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
 }
 
 unset GIT_DIR GIT_CONFIG
-WORKDIR=$(pwd)
-SERVERDIR=$(pwd)/gitcvs.git
+WORKDIR=$PWD
+SERVERDIR=$PWD/gitcvs.git
 git_config="$SERVERDIR/config"
 CVSROOT=":fork:$SERVERDIR"
-CVSWORK="$(pwd)/cvswork"
+CVSWORK="$PWD/cvswork"
 CVS_SERVER=git-cvsserver
 export CVSROOT CVS_SERVER
 
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ test_expect_success 'adding files' '
     echo "more text" > src.c &&
     GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q add src.c >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
     marked_as . src.c "" &&
-    echo "psuedo-binary" > temp.bin
+    echo "pseudo-binary" > temp.bin
     ) &&
     GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q add subdir/temp.bin >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
     marked_as subdir temp.bin "-kb" &&
diff --git a/t/t9402-git-cvsserver-refs.sh b/t/t9402-git-cvsserver-refs.sh
index 1e266effff..cf31ace667 100755
--- a/t/t9402-git-cvsserver-refs.sh
+++ b/t/t9402-git-cvsserver-refs.sh
@@ -82,11 +82,11 @@ perl -e 'use DBI; use DBD::SQLite' >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
 }
 
 unset GIT_DIR GIT_CONFIG
-WORKDIR=$(pwd)
-SERVERDIR=$(pwd)/gitcvs.git
+WORKDIR=$PWD
+SERVERDIR=$PWD/gitcvs.git
 git_config="$SERVERDIR/config"
 CVSROOT=":fork:$SERVERDIR"
-CVSWORK="$(pwd)/cvswork"
+CVSWORK="$PWD/cvswork"
 CVS_SERVER=git-cvsserver
 export CVSROOT CVS_SERVER
 
@@ -455,20 +455,20 @@ test_expect_success 'cvs up -r $(git rev-parse v1)' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cvs diff -r v1 -u' '
-	( cd cvswork && cvs -f diff -r v1 -u ) >cvsDiff.out 2>cvs.log &&
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f diff -r v1 -u >../cvsDiff.out 2>../cvs.log ) &&
 	test_must_be_empty cvsDiff.out &&
 	test_must_be_empty cvs.log
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cvs diff -N -r v2 -u' '
-	( cd cvswork && ! cvs -f diff -N -r v2 -u ) >cvsDiff.out 2>cvs.log &&
+	( cd cvswork && ! cvs -f diff -N -r v2 -u >../cvsDiff.out 2>../cvs.log ) &&
 	test_must_be_empty cvs.log &&
 	test -s cvsDiff.out &&
 	check_diff cvsDiff.out v2 v1 >check_diff.out 2>&1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cvs diff -N -r v2 -r v1.2' '
-	( cd cvswork && ! cvs -f diff -N -r v2 -r v1.2 -u ) >cvsDiff.out 2>cvs.log &&
+	( cd cvswork && ! cvs -f diff -N -r v2 -r v1.2 -u >../cvsDiff.out 2>../cvs.log ) &&
 	test_must_be_empty cvs.log &&
 	test -s cvsDiff.out &&
 	check_diff cvsDiff.out v2 v1.2 >check_diff.out 2>&1
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ test_expect_success 'apply early [cvswork3] diff to b3' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check [cvswork3] diff' '
-	( cd cvswork3 && ! cvs -f diff -N -u ) >"$WORKDIR/cvsDiff.out" 2>cvs.log &&
+	( cd cvswork3 && ! cvs -f diff -N -u >"$WORKDIR/cvsDiff.out" 2>../cvs.log ) &&
 	test_must_be_empty cvs.log &&
 	test -s cvsDiff.out &&
 	test $(grep Index: cvsDiff.out | wc -l) = 3 &&
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ test_expect_success 'check [cvswork3] diff' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge early [cvswork3] b3 with b1' '
-	( cd gitwork3 && git merge "message" HEAD b1 ) &&
+	( cd gitwork3 && git merge -m "message" b1 ) &&
 	git fetch gitwork3 b3:b3 &&
 	git tag v3merged b3 &&
 	git push --tags gitcvs.git b3:b3
diff --git a/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh b/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh
index e94b2f147a..cc8d463e01 100755
--- a/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh
+++ b/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'encode(commit): utf8' \
-	'. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
+	'. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/utf8.txt &&
 	 test_when_finished "GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=\"A U Thor\"" &&
 	 test_when_finished "GIT_COMMITTER_NAME=\"C O Mitter\"" &&
 	 echo "UTF-8" >> file &&
@@ -529,7 +529,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'encode(commit): iso-8859-1' \
-	'. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	'. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901/8859-1.txt &&
 	 test_when_finished "GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=\"A U Thor\"" &&
 	 test_when_finished "GIT_COMMITTER_NAME=\"C O Mitter\"" &&
 	 echo "ISO-8859-1" >> file &&
@@ -709,6 +709,14 @@ test_expect_success HIGHLIGHT \
 	 git commit -m "Add test.sh" &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=blob;f=test.sh"'
 
+test_expect_success HIGHLIGHT \
+	'syntax highlighting (highlighter language autodetection)' \
+	'git config gitweb.highlight yes &&
+	 echo "#!/usr/bin/perl" > test &&
+	 git add test &&
+	 git commit -m "Add test" &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=blob;f=test"'
+
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # forks of projects
 
diff --git a/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh b/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh
index d3a5bac754..2a0ffed870 100755
--- a/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh
+++ b/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh
@@ -100,14 +100,14 @@ test_expect_success 'snapshots: bad tree-ish id (tagged object)' '
 	echo object > tag-object &&
 	git add tag-object &&
 	test_tick && git commit -m "Object to be tagged" &&
-	git tag tagged-object `git hash-object tag-object` &&
+	git tag tagged-object $(git hash-object tag-object) &&
 	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=tagged-object;sf=tgz" &&
 	grep "400 - Object is not a tree-ish" gitweb.output
 '
 test_debug 'cat gitweb.output'
 
 test_expect_success 'snapshots: good object id' '
-	ID=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD` &&
+	ID=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=$ID;sf=tgz" &&
 	grep "Status: 200 OK" gitweb.output
 '
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: snapshot if-modified-since (unmod
 test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers'
 
 test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: tree snapshot' '
-	ID=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD^{tree}` &&
+	ID=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD^{tree}) &&
 	HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE="Wed, 6 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" &&
 	export HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE &&
 	test_when_finished "unset HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE" &&
diff --git a/t/t9600-cvsimport.sh b/t/t9600-cvsimport.sh
index 4c384ff023..5dfee07d9a 100755
--- a/t/t9600-cvsimport.sh
+++ b/t/t9600-cvsimport.sh
@@ -3,6 +3,11 @@
 test_description='git cvsimport basic tests'
 . ./lib-cvs.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq NOT_ROOT; then
+	skip_all='When cvs is compiled with CVS_BADROOT commits as root fail'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 test_expect_success PERL 'setup cvsroot environment' '
 	CVSROOT=$(pwd)/cvsroot &&
 	export CVSROOT
@@ -130,7 +135,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'second update has correct .git/cvs-revisions' '
 
 	(cd module-git &&
 	 git log --format="o_fortuna 1.1 %H" -1 HEAD^^ &&
-	 git log --format="o_fortuna 1.2 %H" -1 HEAD^
+	 git log --format="o_fortuna 1.2 %H" -1 HEAD^ &&
 	 git log --format="tick 1.1 %H" -1 HEAD) > expected &&
 	test_cmp expected module-git/.git/cvs-revisions
 '
diff --git a/t/t9700/test.pl b/t/t9700/test.pl
index 1140767b50..34cd01366f 100755
--- a/t/t9700/test.pl
+++ b/t/t9700/test.pl
@@ -17,6 +17,12 @@ BEGIN {
 use Cwd;
 use File::Basename;
 
+sub adjust_dirsep {
+	my $path = shift;
+	$path =~ s{\\}{/}g;
+	return $path;
+}
+
 BEGIN { use_ok('Git') }
 
 # set up
@@ -33,7 +39,7 @@ is($r->config_int("test.int"), 2048, "config_int: integer");
 is($r->config_int("test.nonexistent"), undef, "config_int: nonexistent");
 ok($r->config_bool("test.booltrue"), "config_bool: true");
 ok(!$r->config_bool("test.boolfalse"), "config_bool: false");
-is($r->config_path("test.path"), $r->config("test.pathexpanded"),
+is(adjust_dirsep($r->config_path("test.path")), $r->config("test.pathexpanded"),
    "config_path: ~/foo expansion");
 is_deeply([$r->config_path("test.pathmulti")], ["foo", "bar"],
    "config_path: multiple values");
@@ -127,6 +133,13 @@ close TEMPFILE3;
 unlink $tmpfile3;
 chdir($abs_repo_dir);
 
+# unquoting paths
+is(Git::unquote_path('abc'), 'abc', 'unquote unquoted path');
+is(Git::unquote_path('"abc def"'), 'abc def', 'unquote simple quoted path');
+is(Git::unquote_path('"abc\"\\\\ \a\b\t\n\v\f\r\001\040"'),
+		     "abc\"\\ \x07\x08\x09\x0a\x0b\x0c\x0d\x01 ",
+		     'unquote escape sequences');
+
 printf "1..%d\n", Test::More->builder->current_test;
 
 my $is_passing = eval { Test::More->is_passing };
diff --git a/t/t9800-git-p4-basic.sh b/t/t9800-git-p4-basic.sh
index 5b562122a1..729cd25770 100755
--- a/t/t9800-git-p4-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t9800-git-p4-basic.sh
@@ -131,6 +131,64 @@ test_expect_success 'clone two dirs, @all, conflicting files' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone two dirs, each edited by submit, single git commit' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo sub1/f4 >sub1/f4 &&
+		p4 add sub1/f4 &&
+		echo sub2/f4 >sub2/f4 &&
+		p4 add sub2/f4 &&
+		p4 submit -d "sub1/f4 and sub2/f4"
+	) &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot/sub1@all //depot/sub2@all &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git ls-files >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 4 lines &&
+		git log --oneline p4/master >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 5 lines
+	)
+'
+
+revision_ranges="2000/01/01,#head \
+		 1,2080/01/01 \
+		 2000/01/01,2080/01/01 \
+		 2000/01/01,1000 \
+		 1,1000"
+
+test_expect_success 'clone using non-numeric revision ranges' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	for r in $revision_ranges
+	do
+		rm -fr "$git" &&
+		test ! -d "$git" &&
+		git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@$r &&
+		(
+			cd "$git" &&
+			git ls-files >lines &&
+			test_line_count = 8 lines
+		)
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone with date range, excluding some changes' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	before=$(date +%Y/%m/%d:%H:%M:%S) &&
+	sleep 2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		:>date_range_test &&
+		p4 add date_range_test &&
+		p4 submit -d "Adding file"
+	) &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@1,$before &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_path_is_missing date_range_test
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'exit when p4 fails to produce marshaled output' '
 	mkdir badp4dir &&
 	test_when_finished "rm badp4dir/p4 && rmdir badp4dir" &&
@@ -203,6 +261,71 @@ test_expect_success 'unresolvable host in P4PORT should display error' '
 	)
 '
 
+# Test following scenarios:
+#   - Without ".git/hooks/p4-pre-submit" , submit should continue
+#   - With the hook returning 0, submit should continue
+#   - With the hook returning 1, submit should abort
+test_expect_success 'run hook p4-pre-submit before submit' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo "hello world" >hello.txt &&
+		git add hello.txt &&
+		git commit -m "add hello.txt" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit --dry-run >out &&
+		grep "Would apply" out &&
+		mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+		write_script .git/hooks/p4-pre-submit <<-\EOF &&
+		exit 0
+		EOF
+		git p4 submit --dry-run >out &&
+		grep "Would apply" out &&
+		write_script .git/hooks/p4-pre-submit <<-\EOF &&
+		exit 1
+		EOF
+		test_must_fail git p4 submit --dry-run >errs 2>&1 &&
+		! grep "Would apply" errs
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submit from detached head' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git checkout p4/master &&
+		>detached_head_test &&
+		git add detached_head_test &&
+		git commit -m "add detached_head" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		git p4 rebase &&
+		git log p4/master | grep detached_head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submit from worktree' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git worktree add ../worktree-test
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$git/../worktree-test" &&
+		test_commit "worktree-commit" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		test_path_is_file worktree-commit.t
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
 	kill_p4d
 '
diff --git a/t/t9801-git-p4-branch.sh b/t/t9801-git-p4-branch.sh
index 2bf142d09c..6a86d6996b 100755
--- a/t/t9801-git-p4-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t9801-git-p4-branch.sh
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git p4 clone complex branches' '
 		test_path_is_file file2 &&
 		test_path_is_file file3 &&
 		! grep update file2 &&
-		test_path_is_missing .git/git-p4-tmp
+		test_must_fail git show-ref --verify refs/git-p4-tmp
 	)
 '
 
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git p4 sync changes to two branches in the same changelist'
 		test_path_is_file file2 &&
 		test_path_is_file file3 &&
 		! grep update file2 &&
-		test_path_is_missing .git/git-p4-tmp
+		test_must_fail git show-ref --verify refs/git-p4-tmp
 	)
 '
 
@@ -504,6 +504,112 @@ test_expect_success 'use-client-spec detect-branches skips files in branches' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'restart p4d' '
+	kill_p4d &&
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+#
+# 1: //depot/branch1/base/file1
+#    //depot/branch1/base/file2
+#    //depot/branch1/base/dir/sub_file1
+# 2: integrate //depot/branch1/base/... -> //depot/branch2/base/...
+# 3: //depot/branch1/base/file3
+# 4: //depot/branch1/base/file2 (edit)
+# 5: integrate //depot/branch1/base/... -> //depot/branch3/base/...
+#
+# Note: the client view removes the "base" folder from the workspace
+#       and moves sub_file1 one level up.
+test_expect_success 'add simple p4 branches with common base folder on each branch' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		client_view "//depot/branch1/base/... //client/branch1/..." \
+			    "//depot/branch1/base/dir/sub_file1 //client/branch1/sub_file1" \
+			    "//depot/branch2/base/... //client/branch2/..." \
+			    "//depot/branch3/base/... //client/branch3/..." &&
+		mkdir -p branch1 &&
+		cd branch1 &&
+		echo file1 >file1 &&
+		echo file2 >file2 &&
+		mkdir dir &&
+		echo sub_file1 >sub_file1 &&
+		p4 add file1 file2 sub_file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "Create branch1" &&
+		p4 integrate //depot/branch1/base/... //depot/branch2/base/... &&
+		p4 submit -d "Integrate branch2 from branch1" &&
+		echo file3 >file3 &&
+		p4 add file3 &&
+		p4 submit -d "add file3 in branch1" &&
+		p4 open file2 &&
+		echo update >>file2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "update file2 in branch1" &&
+		p4 integrate //depot/branch1/base/... //depot/branch3/base/... &&
+		p4 submit -d "Integrate branch3 from branch1"
+	)
+'
+
+# Configure branches through git-config and clone them.
+# All files are tested to make sure branches were cloned correctly.
+# Finally, make an update to branch1 on P4 side to check if it is imported
+# correctly by git p4.
+# git p4 is expected to use the client view to also not include the common
+# "base" folder in the imported directory structure.
+test_expect_success 'git p4 clone simple branches with base folder on server side' '
+	test_create_repo "$git" &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.branchList branch1:branch2 &&
+		git config --add git-p4.branchList branch1:branch3 &&
+		git p4 clone --dest=. --use-client-spec  --detect-branches //depot@all &&
+		git log --all --graph --decorate --stat &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch1 &&
+		test -f file1 &&
+		test -f file2 &&
+		test -f file3 &&
+		test -f sub_file1 &&
+		grep update file2 &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch2 &&
+		test -f file1 &&
+		test -f file2 &&
+		test ! -f file3 &&
+		test -f sub_file1 &&
+		! grep update file2 &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch3 &&
+		test -f file1 &&
+		test -f file2 &&
+		test -f file3 &&
+		test -f sub_file1 &&
+		grep update file2 &&
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		cd branch1 &&
+		p4 edit file2 &&
+		echo file2_ >>file2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "update file2 in branch1" &&
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch1 &&
+		git p4 rebase &&
+		grep file2_ file2
+	)
+'
+
+# Now update a file in one of the branches in git and submit to P4
+test_expect_success 'Update a file in git side and submit to P4 using client view' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch1 &&
+		echo "client spec" >> file1 &&
+		git add -u . &&
+		git commit -m "update file1 in branch1" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit --verbose &&
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync ... &&
+		cd branch1 &&
+		grep "client spec" file1
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
 	kill_p4d
 '
diff --git a/t/t9802-git-p4-filetype.sh b/t/t9802-git-p4-filetype.sh
index 66d3fc91a7..9978352d78 100755
--- a/t/t9802-git-p4-filetype.sh
+++ b/t/t9802-git-p4-filetype.sh
@@ -223,12 +223,12 @@ build_gendouble() {
 	import sys
 	import struct
 
-	s = struct.pack(">LL18s",
+	s = struct.pack(b">LL18s",
 			0x00051607,  # AppleDouble
 			0x00020000,  # version 2
-			""           # pad to 26 bytes
+			b""          # pad to 26 bytes
 	)
-	sys.stdout.write(s)
+	getattr(sys.stdout, 'buffer', sys.stdout).write(s)
 	EOF
 }
 
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ test_expect_success 'ignore apple' '
 	build_gendouble &&
 	(
 		cd "$cli" &&
-		test-genrandom apple 1024 >double.png &&
+		test-tool genrandom apple 1024 >double.png &&
 		"$PYTHON_PATH" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/gendouble.py" >%double.png &&
 		p4 add -t apple double.png &&
 		p4 submit -d appledouble
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'empty symlink target' '
 		# p4 to sync here will make it generate errors.
 		cd "$cli" &&
 		p4 print -q //depot/empty-symlink#2 >out &&
-		test ! -s out
+		test_must_be_empty out
 	) &&
 	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
 
diff --git a/t/t9803-git-p4-shell-metachars.sh b/t/t9803-git-p4-shell-metachars.sh
index fbacff34fe..d5c3675100 100755
--- a/t/t9803-git-p4-shell-metachars.sh
+++ b/t/t9803-git-p4-shell-metachars.sh
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ test_expect_success 'shell metachars in filenames' '
 		echo f2 >"file with spaces" &&
 		git add "file with spaces" &&
 		git commit -m "add files" &&
-		P4EDITOR=touch git p4 submit
+		P4EDITOR="test-tool chmtime +5" git p4 submit
 	) &&
 	(
 		cd "$cli" &&
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ test_expect_success 'deleting with shell metachars' '
 		git rm foo\$bar &&
 		git rm file\ with\ spaces &&
 		git commit -m "remove files" &&
-		P4EDITOR=touch git p4 submit
+		P4EDITOR="test-tool chmtime +5" git p4 submit
 	) &&
 	(
 		cd "$cli" &&
diff --git a/t/t9805-git-p4-skip-submit-edit.sh b/t/t9805-git-p4-skip-submit-edit.sh
index 89311886db..5fbf904dc8 100755
--- a/t/t9805-git-p4-skip-submit-edit.sh
+++ b/t/t9805-git-p4-skip-submit-edit.sh
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ test_expect_success 'no config, edited' '
 		cd "$git" &&
 		echo line >>file1 &&
 		git commit -a -m "change 5" &&
-		P4EDITOR="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/ed.sh" &&
+		P4EDITOR="\"$TRASH_DIRECTORY/ed.sh\"" &&
 		export P4EDITOR &&
 		git p4 submit &&
 		p4 changes //depot/... >wc &&
diff --git a/t/t9806-git-p4-options.sh b/t/t9806-git-p4-options.sh
index 254d428b73..3f5291b857 100755
--- a/t/t9806-git-p4-options.sh
+++ b/t/t9806-git-p4-options.sh
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ test_expect_success 'clone --changesfile' '
 	(
 		cd "$git" &&
 		git log --oneline p4/master >lines &&
-		test_line_count = 2 lines
+		test_line_count = 2 lines &&
 		test_path_is_file file1 &&
 		test_path_is_missing file2 &&
 		test_path_is_file file3
@@ -269,6 +269,38 @@ test_expect_success 'submit works with two branches' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'use --git-dir option and GIT_DIR' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone //depot --destination="$git" &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		test_commit first-change &&
+		git p4 submit --git-dir "$git"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		test_path_is_file first-change.t &&
+		echo "cli_file" >cli_file.t &&
+		p4 add cli_file.t &&
+		p4 submit -d "cli change"
+	) &&
+	(git --git-dir "$git" p4 sync) &&
+	(cd "$git" && git checkout -q p4/master) &&
+	test_path_is_file "$git"/cli_file.t &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo "cli_file2" >cli_file2.t &&
+		p4 add cli_file2.t  &&
+		p4 submit -d "cli change2"
+	) &&
+	(GIT_DIR="$git" git p4 sync) &&
+	(cd "$git" && git checkout -q p4/master) &&
+	test_path_is_file "$git"/cli_file2.t
+'
+
+
 test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
 	kill_p4d
 '
diff --git a/t/t9807-git-p4-submit.sh b/t/t9807-git-p4-submit.sh
index 1f74a88385..2325599ee6 100755
--- a/t/t9807-git-p4-submit.sh
+++ b/t/t9807-git-p4-submit.sh
@@ -139,6 +139,62 @@ test_expect_success 'submit with master branch name from argv' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'allow submit from branch with same revision but different name' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_commit "file8" &&
+		git checkout -b branch1 &&
+		git checkout -b branch2 &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git config git-p4.allowSubmit "branch1" &&
+		test_must_fail git p4 submit &&
+		git checkout branch1 &&
+		git p4 submit
+	)
+'
+
+# make two commits, but tell it to apply only one
+
+test_expect_success 'submit --commit one' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_commit "file9" &&
+		test_commit "file10" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit --commit HEAD
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_missing "file9.t" &&
+		test_path_is_file "file10.t"
+	)
+'
+
+# make three commits, but tell it to apply only range
+
+test_expect_success 'submit --commit range' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_commit "file11" &&
+		test_commit "file12" &&
+		test_commit "file13" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit --commit HEAD~2..HEAD
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_missing "file11.t" &&
+		test_path_is_file "file12.t" &&
+		test_path_is_file "file13.t"
+	)
+'
+
 #
 # Basic submit tests, the five handled cases
 #
@@ -389,7 +445,7 @@ test_expect_success 'description with Jobs section and bogus following text' '
 	(
 		cd "$cli" &&
 		p4 revert desc6 &&
-		rm desc6
+		rm -f desc6
 	)
 '
 
@@ -413,6 +469,79 @@ test_expect_success 'submit --prepare-p4-only' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'submit --shelve' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 revert ... &&
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		test_commit "shelveme1" &&
+		git p4 submit --origin=HEAD^ &&
+
+		echo 654321 >shelveme2.t &&
+		echo 123456 >>shelveme1.t &&
+		git add shelveme* &&
+		git commit -m"shelvetest" &&
+		git p4 submit --shelve --origin=HEAD^ &&
+
+		test_path_is_file shelveme1.t &&
+		test_path_is_file shelveme2.t
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		change=$(p4 -G changes -s shelved -m 1 //depot/... | \
+			 marshal_dump change) &&
+		p4 describe -S $change | grep shelveme2 &&
+		p4 describe -S $change | grep 123456 &&
+		test_path_is_file shelveme1.t &&
+		test_path_is_missing shelveme2.t
+	)
+'
+
+make_shelved_cl() {
+	test_commit "$1" >/dev/null &&
+	git p4 submit --origin HEAD^ --shelve >/dev/null &&
+	p4 -G changes -s shelved -m 1 | marshal_dump change
+}
+
+# Update existing shelved changelists
+
+test_expect_success 'submit --update-shelve' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 revert ... &&
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		shelved_cl0=$(make_shelved_cl "shelved-change-0") &&
+		echo shelved_cl0=$shelved_cl0 &&
+		shelved_cl1=$(make_shelved_cl "shelved-change-1") &&
+
+		echo "updating shelved change lists $shelved_cl0 and $shelved_cl1" &&
+
+		echo "updated-line" >>shelf.t &&
+		echo added-file.t >added-file.t &&
+		git add shelf.t added-file.t &&
+		git rm -f shelved-change-1.t &&
+		git commit --amend -C HEAD &&
+		git show --stat HEAD &&
+		git p4 submit -v --origin HEAD~2 --update-shelve $shelved_cl0 --update-shelve $shelved_cl1 &&
+		echo "done git p4 submit"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		change=$(p4 -G changes -s shelved -m 1 //depot/... | \
+			 marshal_dump change) &&
+		p4 unshelve -c $change -s $change &&
+		grep -q updated-line shelf.t &&
+		p4 describe -S $change | grep added-file.t &&
+		test_path_is_missing shelved-change-1.t
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
 	kill_p4d
 '
diff --git a/t/t9810-git-p4-rcs.sh b/t/t9810-git-p4-rcs.sh
index 8134ab439b..cc53debe19 100755
--- a/t/t9810-git-p4-rcs.sh
+++ b/t/t9810-git-p4-rcs.sh
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cleanup after failure' '
 test_expect_success 'ktext expansion should not expand multi-line $File::' '
 	(
 		cd "$cli" &&
-		cat >lv.pm <<-\EOF
+		cat >lv.pm <<-\EOF &&
 		my $wanted = sub { my $f = $File::Find::name;
 				    if ( -f && $f =~ /foo/ ) {
 		EOF
diff --git a/t/t9811-git-p4-label-import.sh b/t/t9811-git-p4-label-import.sh
index 095238fffe..602b0a5d5c 100755
--- a/t/t9811-git-p4-label-import.sh
+++ b/t/t9811-git-p4-label-import.sh
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ test_expect_success 'export git tags to p4' '
 		p4 labels ... | grep LIGHTWEIGHT_TAG &&
 		p4 label -o GIT_TAG_1 | grep "tag created in git:xyzzy" &&
 		p4 sync ...@GIT_TAG_1 &&
-		! test -f main/f10
+		! test -f main/f10 &&
 		p4 sync ...@GIT_TAG_2 &&
 		test -f main/f10
 	)
@@ -214,6 +214,51 @@ test_expect_success 'use git config to enable import/export of tags' '
 	)
 '
 
+p4_head_revision() {
+	p4 changes -m 1 "$@" | awk '{print $2}'
+}
+
+# Importing a label that references a P4 commit that
+# has not been seen. The presence of a label on a commit
+# we haven't seen should not cause git-p4 to fail. It should
+# merely skip that label, and still import other labels.
+test_expect_success 'importing labels with missing revisions' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		rm -fr "$cli" "$git" &&
+		mkdir "$cli" &&
+		P4CLIENT=missing-revision &&
+		client_view "//depot/missing-revision/... //missing-revision/..." &&
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		>f1 && p4 add f1 && p4 submit -d "start" &&
+
+		p4 tag -l TAG_S0 ... &&
+
+		>f2 && p4 add f2 && p4 submit -d "second" &&
+
+		startrev=$(p4_head_revision //depot/missing-revision/...) &&
+
+		>f3 && p4 add f3 && p4 submit -d "third" &&
+
+		p4 edit f2 && date >f2 && p4 submit -d "change" f2 &&
+
+		endrev=$(p4_head_revision //depot/missing-revision/...) &&
+
+		p4 tag -l TAG_S1 ... &&
+
+		# we should skip TAG_S0 since it is before our startpoint,
+		# but pick up TAG_S1.
+
+		git p4 clone --dest="$git" --import-labels -v \
+			//depot/missing-revision/...@$startrev,$endrev &&
+		(
+			cd "$git" &&
+			git rev-parse TAG_S1 &&
+			! git rev-parse TAG_S0
+		)
+	)
+'
+
 
 test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
 	kill_p4d
diff --git a/t/t9813-git-p4-preserve-users.sh b/t/t9813-git-p4-preserve-users.sh
index 166b840bfa..783c6ad165 100755
--- a/t/t9813-git-p4-preserve-users.sh
+++ b/t/t9813-git-p4-preserve-users.sh
@@ -53,7 +53,9 @@ test_expect_success 'preserve users' '
 		git commit --author "Alice <alice@example.com>" -m "a change by alice" file1 &&
 		git commit --author "Bob <bob@example.com>" -m "a change by bob" file2 &&
 		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck true &&
-		P4EDITOR=touch P4USER=alice P4PASSWD=secret git p4 commit --preserve-user &&
+		P4EDITOR="test-tool chmtime +5" P4USER=alice P4PASSWD=secret &&
+		export P4EDITOR P4USER P4PASSWD &&
+		git p4 commit --preserve-user &&
 		p4_check_commit_author file1 alice &&
 		p4_check_commit_author file2 bob
 	)
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ test_expect_success 'refuse to preserve users without perms' '
 		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck true &&
 		echo "username-noperms: a change by alice" >>file1 &&
 		git commit --author "Alice <alice@example.com>" -m "perms: a change by alice" file1 &&
-		P4EDITOR=touch P4USER=bob P4PASSWD=secret &&
+		P4EDITOR="test-tool chmtime +5" P4USER=bob P4PASSWD=secret &&
 		export P4EDITOR P4USER P4PASSWD &&
 		test_must_fail git p4 commit --preserve-user &&
 		! git diff --exit-code HEAD..p4/master
@@ -87,7 +89,7 @@ test_expect_success 'preserve user where author is unknown to p4' '
 		git commit --author "Bob <bob@example.com>" -m "preserve: a change by bob" file1 &&
 		echo "username-unknown: a change by charlie" >>file1 &&
 		git commit --author "Charlie <charlie@example.com>" -m "preserve: a change by charlie" file1 &&
-		P4EDITOR=touch P4USER=alice P4PASSWD=secret &&
+		P4EDITOR="test-tool chmtime +5" P4USER=alice P4PASSWD=secret &&
 		export P4EDITOR P4USER P4PASSWD &&
 		test_must_fail git p4 commit --preserve-user &&
 		! git diff --exit-code HEAD..p4/master &&
@@ -116,21 +118,21 @@ test_expect_success 'not preserving user with mixed authorship' '
 		make_change_by_user usernamefile3 Derek derek@example.com &&
 		P4EDITOR=cat P4USER=alice P4PASSWD=secret &&
 		export P4EDITOR P4USER P4PASSWD &&
-		git p4 commit |\
-		grep "git author derek@example.com does not match" &&
+		git p4 commit >actual &&
+		grep "git author derek@example.com does not match" actual &&
 
 		make_change_by_user usernamefile3 Charlie charlie@example.com &&
-		git p4 commit |\
-		grep "git author charlie@example.com does not match" &&
+		git p4 commit >actual &&
+		grep "git author charlie@example.com does not match" actual &&
 
 		make_change_by_user usernamefile3 alice alice@example.com &&
-		git p4 commit |\
-		test_must_fail grep "git author.*does not match" &&
+		git p4 commit >actual &&
+		! grep "git author.*does not match" actual &&
 
 		git config git-p4.skipUserNameCheck true &&
 		make_change_by_user usernamefile3 Charlie charlie@example.com &&
-		git p4 commit |\
-		test_must_fail grep "git author.*does not match" &&
+		git p4 commit >actual &&
+		! grep "git author.*does not match" actual &&
 
 		p4_check_commit_author usernamefile3 alice
 	)
diff --git a/t/t9814-git-p4-rename.sh b/t/t9814-git-p4-rename.sh
index 95f4421f71..60baa06e27 100755
--- a/t/t9814-git-p4-rename.sh
+++ b/t/t9814-git-p4-rename.sh
@@ -9,23 +9,11 @@ test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
 '
 
 # We rely on this behavior to detect for p4 move availability.
-test_expect_success 'p4 help unknown returns 1' '
+test_expect_success '"p4 help unknown" errors out' '
 	(
 		cd "$cli" &&
-		(
-			p4 help client >errs 2>&1
-			echo $? >retval
-		)
-		echo 0 >expected &&
-		test_cmp expected retval &&
-		rm retval &&
-		(
-			p4 help nosuchcommand >errs 2>&1
-			echo $? >retval
-		)
-		echo 1 >expected &&
-		test_cmp expected retval &&
-		rm retval
+		p4 help client &&
+		! p4 help nosuchcommand
 	)
 '
 
@@ -132,13 +120,20 @@ test_expect_success 'detect copies' '
 		cd "$git" &&
 		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
 
+		echo "file8" >>file2 &&
+		git commit -a -m "Differentiate file2" &&
+		git p4 submit &&
 		cp file2 file8 &&
 		git add file8 &&
 		git commit -a -m "Copy file2 to file8" &&
 		git diff-tree -r -C HEAD &&
 		git p4 submit &&
 		p4 filelog //depot/file8 &&
-		p4 filelog //depot/file8 | test_must_fail grep -q "branch from" &&
+		! p4 filelog //depot/file8 | grep -q "branch from" &&
+
+		echo "file9" >>file2 &&
+		git commit -a -m "Differentiate file2" &&
+		git p4 submit &&
 
 		cp file2 file9 &&
 		git add file9 &&
@@ -147,27 +142,41 @@ test_expect_success 'detect copies' '
 		git config git-p4.detectCopies true &&
 		git p4 submit &&
 		p4 filelog //depot/file9 &&
-		p4 filelog //depot/file9 | test_must_fail grep -q "branch from" &&
+		! p4 filelog //depot/file9 | grep -q "branch from" &&
+
+		echo "file10" >>file2 &&
+		git commit -a -m "Differentiate file2" &&
+		git p4 submit &&
 
 		echo "file2" >>file2 &&
 		cp file2 file10 &&
 		git add file2 file10 &&
 		git commit -a -m "Modify and copy file2 to file10" &&
 		git diff-tree -r -C HEAD &&
+		src=$(git diff-tree -r -C HEAD | sed 1d | sed 2d | cut -f2) &&
+		test "$src" = file2 &&
 		git p4 submit &&
 		p4 filelog //depot/file10 &&
-		p4 filelog //depot/file10 | grep -q "branch from //depot/file" &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file10 | grep -q "branch from //depot/file2" &&
+
+		echo "file11" >>file2 &&
+		git commit -a -m "Differentiate file2" &&
+		git p4 submit &&
 
 		cp file2 file11 &&
 		git add file11 &&
 		git commit -a -m "Copy file2 to file11" &&
 		git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD &&
 		src=$(git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f2) &&
-		test "$src" = file10 &&
+		test "$src" = file2 &&
 		git config git-p4.detectCopiesHarder true &&
 		git p4 submit &&
 		p4 filelog //depot/file11 &&
-		p4 filelog //depot/file11 | grep -q "branch from //depot/file" &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file11 | grep -q "branch from //depot/file2" &&
+
+		echo "file12" >>file2 &&
+		git commit -a -m "Differentiate file2" &&
+		git p4 submit &&
 
 		cp file2 file12 &&
 		echo "some text" >>file12 &&
@@ -177,14 +186,15 @@ test_expect_success 'detect copies' '
 		level=$(git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f1 | cut -d" " -f5 | sed "s/C0*//") &&
 		test -n "$level" && test "$level" -gt 0 && test "$level" -lt 98 &&
 		src=$(git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f2) &&
-		case "$src" in
-		file10 | file11) : ;; # happy
-		*) false ;; # not
-		&&
+		test "$src" = file2 &&
 		git config git-p4.detectCopies $(($level + 2)) &&
 		git p4 submit &&
 		p4 filelog //depot/file12 &&
-		p4 filelog //depot/file12 | test_must_fail grep -q "branch from" &&
+		! p4 filelog //depot/file12 | grep -q "branch from" &&
+
+		echo "file13" >>file2 &&
+		git commit -a -m "Differentiate file2" &&
+		git p4 submit &&
 
 		cp file2 file13 &&
 		echo "different text" >>file13 &&
@@ -194,27 +204,19 @@ test_expect_success 'detect copies' '
 		level=$(git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f1 | cut -d" " -f5 | sed "s/C0*//") &&
 		test -n "$level" && test "$level" -gt 2 && test "$level" -lt 100 &&
 		src=$(git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f2) &&
-		case "$src" in
-		file10 | file11 | file12) : ;; # happy
-		*) false ;; # not
-		&&
+		test "$src" = file2 &&
 		git config git-p4.detectCopies $(($level - 2)) &&
 		git p4 submit &&
 		p4 filelog //depot/file13 &&
-		p4 filelog //depot/file13 | grep -q "branch from //depot/file"
+		p4 filelog //depot/file13 | grep -q "branch from //depot/file2"
 	)
 '
 
 # See if configurables can be set, and in particular if the run.move.allow
 # variable exists, which allows admins to disable the "p4 move" command.
-test_expect_success 'p4 configure command and run.move.allow are available' '
-	p4 configure show run.move.allow >out ; retval=$? &&
-	test $retval = 0 &&
-	{
-		egrep ^run.move.allow: out &&
-		test_set_prereq P4D_HAVE_CONFIGURABLE_RUN_MOVE_ALLOW ||
-		true
-	} || true
+test_lazy_prereq P4D_HAVE_CONFIGURABLE_RUN_MOVE_ALLOW '
+	p4 configure show run.move.allow >out &&
+	egrep ^run.move.allow: out
 '
 
 # If move can be disabled, turn it off and test p4 move handling
diff --git a/t/t9815-git-p4-submit-fail.sh b/t/t9815-git-p4-submit-fail.sh
index 4cff6a760f..eaf03a6563 100755
--- a/t/t9815-git-p4-submit-fail.sh
+++ b/t/t9815-git-p4-submit-fail.sh
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cleanup rename after submit cancel' '
 	(
 		cd "$cli" &&
 		test_path_is_missing text2 &&
-		p4 fstat -T action text2 2>&1 | grep "no such file"
+		p4 fstat -T action text2 2>&1 | grep "no such file" &&
 		test_path_is_file text &&
 		! p4 fstat -T action text
 	)
@@ -417,11 +417,8 @@ test_expect_success 'cleanup chmod after submit cancel' '
 		! p4 fstat -T action text &&
 		test_path_is_file text+x &&
 		! p4 fstat -T action text+x &&
-		if test_have_prereq !CYGWIN
-		then
-			stat --format=%A text | egrep ^-r-- &&
-			stat --format=%A text+x | egrep ^-r-x
-		fi
+		ls -l text | egrep ^-r-- &&
+		ls -l text+x | egrep ^-r-x
 	)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t9816-git-p4-locked.sh b/t/t9816-git-p4-locked.sh
index e71e543343..d048bd33fa 100755
--- a/t/t9816-git-p4-locked.sh
+++ b/t/t9816-git-p4-locked.sh
@@ -35,13 +35,13 @@ test_expect_success 'edit with lock not taken' '
 	)
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'add with lock not taken' '
+test_expect_success 'add with lock not taken' '
 	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
 	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
 	(
 		cd "$git" &&
 		echo line1 >>add-lock-not-taken &&
-		git add file2 &&
+		git add add-lock-not-taken &&
 		git commit -m "add add-lock-not-taken" &&
 		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
 		git p4 submit --verbose
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ test_expect_failure 'chmod with lock taken' '
 	)
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'copy with lock taken' '
+test_expect_success 'copy with lock taken' '
 	lock_in_another_client &&
 	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
 	test_when_finished "cd \"$cli\" && p4 revert file2 && rm -f file2" &&
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ test_expect_failure 'move with lock taken' '
 	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
 	(
 		cd "$git" &&
-		git mv file1 file2 &&
-		git commit -m "mv file1 to file2" &&
+		git mv file1 file3 &&
+		git commit -m "mv file1 to file3" &&
 		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
 		git config git-p4.detectRenames true &&
 		git p4 submit --verbose
diff --git a/t/t9818-git-p4-block.sh b/t/t9818-git-p4-block.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ce7cb22ad3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9818-git-p4-block.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 fetching changes in multiple blocks'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+create_restricted_group() {
+	p4 group -i <<-EOF
+	Group: restricted
+	MaxResults: 7
+	MaxScanRows: 40
+	Users: author
+	EOF
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'Create group with limited maxrows' '
+	create_restricted_group
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Create a repo with many changes' '
+	(
+		client_view "//depot/included/... //client/included/..." \
+			    "//depot/excluded/... //client/excluded/..." &&
+		mkdir -p "$cli/included" "$cli/excluded" &&
+		cd "$cli/included" &&
+		>file.txt &&
+		p4 add file.txt &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file.txt" &&
+		for i in $(test_seq 0 5)
+		do
+			>outer$i.txt &&
+			p4 add outer$i.txt &&
+			p4 submit -d "Adding outer$i.txt" &&
+			for j in $(test_seq 0 5)
+			do
+				p4 edit file.txt &&
+				echo $i$j >file.txt &&
+				p4 submit -d "Commit $i$j" || exit
+			done || exit
+		done
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Default user cannot fetch changes' '
+	! p4 changes -m 1 //depot/...
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Clone the repo' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" --changes-block-size=7 --verbose //depot/included@all
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'All files are present' '
+	echo file.txt >expected &&
+	test_write_lines outer0.txt outer1.txt outer2.txt outer3.txt outer4.txt >>expected &&
+	test_write_lines outer5.txt >>expected &&
+	ls "$git" >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'file.txt is correct' '
+	echo 55 >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected "$git/file.txt"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Correct number of commits' '
+	(cd "$git" && git log --oneline) >log &&
+	wc -l log &&
+	test_line_count = 43 log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Previous version of file.txt is correct' '
+	(cd "$git" && git checkout HEAD^^) &&
+	echo 53 >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected "$git/file.txt"
+'
+
+# Test git-p4 sync, with some files outside the client specification.
+
+p4_add_file() {
+	(cd "$cli" &&
+		>$1 &&
+		p4 add $1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "Added file $1" $1
+	)
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'Add some more files' '
+	for i in $(test_seq 0 10)
+	do
+		p4_add_file "included/x$i" &&
+		p4_add_file "excluded/x$i"
+	done &&
+	for i in $(test_seq 0 10)
+	do
+		p4_add_file "excluded/y$i"
+	done
+'
+
+# This should pick up the 10 new files in "included", but not be confused
+# by the additional files in "excluded"
+test_expect_success 'Syncing files' '
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git p4 sync --changes-block-size=7 &&
+		git checkout p4/master &&
+		ls -l x* > log &&
+		test_line_count = 11 log
+	)
+'
+
+# Handling of multiple depot paths:
+#    git p4 clone //depot/pathA //depot/pathB
+#
+test_expect_success 'Create a repo with multiple depot paths' '
+	client_view "//depot/pathA/... //client/pathA/..." \
+		    "//depot/pathB/... //client/pathB/..." &&
+	mkdir -p "$cli/pathA" "$cli/pathB" &&
+	for p in pathA pathB
+	do
+		for i in $(test_seq 1 10)
+		do
+			p4_add_file "$p/file$p$i"
+		done
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Clone repo with multiple depot paths' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git p4 clone --changes-block-size=4 //depot/pathA@all //depot/pathB@all \
+			--destination=dest &&
+		ls -1 dest >log &&
+		test_line_count = 20 log
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Clone repo with self-sizing block size' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --changes-block-size=1000000 //depot@all --destination="$git" &&
+	git -C "$git" log --oneline >log &&
+	test_line_count \> 10 log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9819-git-p4-case-folding.sh b/t/t9819-git-p4-case-folding.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d808c008c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9819-git-p4-case-folding.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='interaction with P4 case-folding'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+if test_have_prereq CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS
+then
+	skip_all='skipping P4 case-folding tests; case insensitive file system detected'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d with case folding enabled' '
+	start_p4d -C1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Create a repo, name is lowercase' '
+	(
+		client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		mkdir -p lc UC &&
+		>lc/file.txt && >UC/file.txt &&
+		p4 add lc/file.txt UC/file.txt &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add initial lc and UC repos"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Check p4 is in case-folding mode' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		>lc/FILE.TXT &&
+		p4 add lc/FILE.TXT &&
+		test_must_fail p4 submit -d "Cannot add file differing only in case" lc/FILE.TXT
+	)
+'
+
+# Check we created the repo properly
+test_expect_success 'Clone lc repo using lc name' '
+	git p4 clone //depot/lc/... &&
+	test_path_is_file lc/file.txt &&
+	git p4 clone //depot/UC/... &&
+	test_path_is_file UC/file.txt
+'
+
+# The clone should fail, since there is no repo called LC, but because
+# we have case-insensitive p4d enabled, it appears to go ahead and work,
+# but leaves an empty git repo in place.
+test_expect_failure 'Clone lc repo using uc name' '
+	test_must_fail git p4 clone //depot/LC/...
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'Clone UC repo with lc name' '
+	test_must_fail git p4 clone //depot/uc/...
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9820-git-p4-editor-handling.sh b/t/t9820-git-p4-editor-handling.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3c22f74bd4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9820-git-p4-editor-handling.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 handling of EDITOR'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init depot' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo file1 >file1 &&
+		p4 add file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "file1"
+	)
+'
+
+# Check that the P4EDITOR argument can be given command-line
+# options, which git-p4 will then pass through to the shell.
+test_expect_success 'EDITOR with options' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo change >file1 &&
+		git commit -m "change" file1 &&
+		P4EDITOR=": >\"$git/touched\" && test-tool chmtime +5" git p4 submit &&
+		test_path_is_file "$git/touched"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9821-git-p4-path-variations.sh b/t/t9821-git-p4-path-variations.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..81e46acfa8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9821-git-p4-path-variations.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Clone repositories with path case variations'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d with case folding enabled' '
+	start_p4d -C1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Create a repo with path case variations' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+
+		mkdir -p Path/to &&
+		>Path/to/File2.txt &&
+		p4 add Path/to/File2.txt &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file2" &&
+		rm -rf Path &&
+
+		mkdir -p path/TO &&
+		>path/TO/file1.txt &&
+		p4 add path/TO/file1.txt &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file1" &&
+		rm -rf path &&
+
+		mkdir -p path/to &&
+		>path/to/file3.txt &&
+		p4 add path/to/file3.txt &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file3" &&
+		rm -rf path &&
+
+		mkdir -p x-outside-spec &&
+		>x-outside-spec/file4.txt &&
+		p4 add x-outside-spec/file4.txt &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file4" &&
+		rm -rf x-outside-spec
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Clone root' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config core.ignorecase false &&
+		git p4 clone --use-client-spec --destination="$git" //depot &&
+		# This method is used instead of "test -f" to ensure the case is
+		# checked even if the test is executed on case-insensitive file systems.
+		# All files are there as expected although the path cases look random.
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		Path/to/File2.txt
+		path/TO/file1.txt
+		path/to/file3.txt
+		x-outside-spec/file4.txt
+		EOF
+		git ls-files >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Clone root (ignorecase)' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config core.ignorecase true &&
+		git p4 clone --use-client-spec --destination="$git" //depot &&
+		# This method is used instead of "test -f" to ensure the case is
+		# checked even if the test is executed on case-insensitive file systems.
+		# All files are there as expected although the path cases look random.
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		path/TO/File2.txt
+		path/TO/file1.txt
+		path/TO/file3.txt
+		x-outside-spec/file4.txt
+		EOF
+		git ls-files >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Clone root and ignore one file' '
+	client_view \
+		"//depot/... //client/..." \
+		"-//depot/path/TO/file1.txt //client/path/TO/file1.txt" &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config core.ignorecase false &&
+		git p4 clone --use-client-spec --destination="$git" //depot &&
+		# We ignore one file in the client spec and all path cases change from
+		# "TO" to "to"!
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		Path/to/File2.txt
+		path/to/file3.txt
+		x-outside-spec/file4.txt
+		EOF
+		git ls-files >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Clone root and ignore one file (ignorecase)' '
+	client_view \
+		"//depot/... //client/..." \
+		"-//depot/path/TO/file1.txt //client/path/TO/file1.txt" &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config core.ignorecase true &&
+		git p4 clone --use-client-spec --destination="$git" //depot &&
+		# We ignore one file in the client spec and all path cases change from
+		# "TO" to "to"!
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		Path/to/File2.txt
+		Path/to/file3.txt
+		x-outside-spec/file4.txt
+		EOF
+		git ls-files >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Clone path' '
+	client_view "//depot/Path/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config core.ignorecase false &&
+		git p4 clone --use-client-spec --destination="$git" //depot &&
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		to/File2.txt
+		EOF
+		git ls-files >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Clone path (ignorecase)' '
+	client_view "//depot/Path/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config core.ignorecase true &&
+		git p4 clone --use-client-spec --destination="$git" //depot &&
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		TO/File2.txt
+		TO/file1.txt
+		TO/file3.txt
+		EOF
+		git ls-files >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+# It looks like P4 determines the path case based on the first file in
+# lexicographical order. Please note the lower case "to" directory for all
+# files triggered through the addition of "File0.txt".
+test_expect_success 'Add a new file and clone path with new file (ignorecase)' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		mkdir -p Path/to &&
+		>Path/to/File0.txt &&
+		p4 add Path/to/File0.txt &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file" &&
+		rm -rf Path
+	) &&
+
+	client_view "//depot/Path/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config core.ignorecase true &&
+		git p4 clone --use-client-spec --destination="$git" //depot &&
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		to/File0.txt
+		to/File2.txt
+		to/file1.txt
+		to/file3.txt
+		EOF
+		git ls-files >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9822-git-p4-path-encoding.sh b/t/t9822-git-p4-path-encoding.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c78477c19b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9822-git-p4-path-encoding.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Clone repositories with non ASCII paths'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+UTF8_ESCAPED="a-\303\244_o-\303\266_u-\303\274.txt"
+ISO8859_ESCAPED="a-\344_o-\366_u-\374.txt"
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Create a repo containing iso8859-1 encoded paths' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		ISO8859="$(printf "$ISO8859_ESCAPED")" &&
+		echo content123 >"$ISO8859" &&
+		p4 add "$ISO8859" &&
+		p4 submit -d "test commit"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'Clone auto-detects depot with iso8859-1 paths' '
+	git p4 clone --destination="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		UTF8="$(printf "$UTF8_ESCAPED")" &&
+		echo "$UTF8" >expect &&
+		git -c core.quotepath=false ls-files >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Clone repo containing iso8859-1 encoded paths with git-p4.pathEncoding' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config git-p4.pathEncoding iso8859-1 &&
+		git p4 clone --use-client-spec --destination="$git" //depot &&
+		UTF8="$(printf "$UTF8_ESCAPED")" &&
+		echo "$UTF8" >expect &&
+		git -c core.quotepath=false ls-files >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+		echo content123 >expect &&
+		cat "$UTF8" >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Delete iso8859-1 encoded paths and clone' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		ISO8859="$(printf "$ISO8859_ESCAPED")" &&
+		p4 delete "$ISO8859" &&
+		p4 submit -d "remove file"
+	) &&
+	git p4 clone --destination="$git" //depot@all &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git -c core.quotepath=false ls-files >actual &&
+		test_must_be_empty actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9823-git-p4-mock-lfs.sh b/t/t9823-git-p4-mock-lfs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1f2dc369bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9823-git-p4-mock-lfs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Clone repositories and store files in Mock LFS'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_file_is_not_in_mock_lfs () {
+	FILE="$1" &&
+	CONTENT="$2" &&
+	echo "$CONTENT" >expect_content &&
+	test_path_is_file "$FILE" &&
+	test_cmp expect_content "$FILE"
+}
+
+test_file_is_in_mock_lfs () {
+	FILE="$1" &&
+	CONTENT="$2" &&
+	LOCAL_STORAGE=".git/mock-storage/local/$CONTENT" &&
+	SERVER_STORAGE=".git/mock-storage/remote/$CONTENT" &&
+	echo "pointer-$CONTENT" >expect_pointer &&
+	echo "$CONTENT" >expect_content &&
+	test_path_is_file "$FILE" &&
+	test_path_is_file "$LOCAL_STORAGE" &&
+	test_path_is_file "$SERVER_STORAGE" &&
+	test_cmp expect_pointer "$FILE" &&
+	test_cmp expect_content "$LOCAL_STORAGE" &&
+	test_cmp expect_content "$SERVER_STORAGE"
+}
+
+test_file_is_deleted_in_mock_lfs () {
+	FILE="$1" &&
+	CONTENT="$2" &&
+	LOCAL_STORAGE=".git/mock-storage/local/$CONTENT" &&
+	SERVER_STORAGE=".git/mock-storage/remote/$CONTENT" &&
+	echo "pointer-$CONTENT" >expect_pointer &&
+	echo "$CONTENT" >expect_content &&
+	test_path_is_missing "$FILE" &&
+	test_path_is_file "$LOCAL_STORAGE" &&
+	test_path_is_file "$SERVER_STORAGE" &&
+	test_cmp expect_content "$LOCAL_STORAGE" &&
+	test_cmp expect_content "$SERVER_STORAGE"
+}
+
+test_file_count_in_dir () {
+	DIR="$1" &&
+	EXPECTED_COUNT="$2" &&
+	find "$DIR" -type f >actual &&
+	test_line_count = $EXPECTED_COUNT actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Create repo with binary files' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+
+		echo "content 1 txt 23 bytes" >file1.txt &&
+		p4 add file1.txt &&
+		echo "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" >file2.dat &&
+		p4 add file2.dat &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add text and binary file" &&
+
+		mkdir "path with spaces" &&
+		echo "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" >"path with spaces/file3.bin" &&
+		p4 add "path with spaces/file3.bin" &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add another binary file with same content and spaces in path" &&
+
+		echo "content 4 bin 26 bytes XX" >file4.bin &&
+		p4 add file4.bin &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add another binary file with different content"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Store files in Mock LFS based on size (>24 bytes)' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config git-p4.useClientSpec true &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileSystem MockLFS &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileThreshold 24 &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFilePush True &&
+		git p4 clone --destination="$git" //depot@all &&
+
+		test_file_is_not_in_mock_lfs file1.txt "content 1 txt 23 bytes" &&
+		test_file_is_in_mock_lfs file2.dat "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" &&
+		test_file_is_in_mock_lfs "path with spaces/file3.bin" "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" &&
+		test_file_is_in_mock_lfs file4.bin "content 4 bin 26 bytes XX" &&
+
+		test_file_count_in_dir ".git/mock-storage/local" 2 &&
+		test_file_count_in_dir ".git/mock-storage/remote" 2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Store files in Mock LFS based on extension (dat)' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config git-p4.useClientSpec true &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileSystem MockLFS &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileExtensions dat &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFilePush True &&
+		git p4 clone --destination="$git" //depot@all &&
+
+		test_file_is_not_in_mock_lfs file1.txt "content 1 txt 23 bytes" &&
+		test_file_is_in_mock_lfs file2.dat "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" &&
+		test_file_is_not_in_mock_lfs "path with spaces/file3.bin" "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" &&
+		test_file_is_not_in_mock_lfs file4.bin "content 4 bin 26 bytes XX" &&
+
+		test_file_count_in_dir ".git/mock-storage/local" 1 &&
+		test_file_count_in_dir ".git/mock-storage/remote" 1
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Store files in Mock LFS based on extension (dat) and use git p4 sync and no client spec' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init &&
+		git config git-p4.useClientSpec true &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileSystem MockLFS &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileExtensions dat &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFilePush True &&
+		git p4 sync //depot &&
+		git checkout p4/master &&
+
+		test_file_is_not_in_mock_lfs file1.txt "content 1 txt 23 bytes" &&
+		test_file_is_in_mock_lfs file2.dat "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" &&
+		test_file_is_not_in_mock_lfs "path with spaces/file3.bin" "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" &&
+		test_file_is_not_in_mock_lfs file4.bin "content 4 bin 26 bytes XX" &&
+
+		test_file_count_in_dir ".git/mock-storage/local" 1 &&
+		test_file_count_in_dir ".git/mock-storage/remote" 1
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Remove file from repo and store files in Mock LFS based on size (>24 bytes)' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 delete file4.bin &&
+		p4 submit -d "Remove file"
+	) &&
+
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config git-p4.useClientSpec true &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileSystem MockLFS &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileThreshold 24 &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFilePush True &&
+		git p4 clone --destination="$git" //depot@all &&
+
+		test_file_is_not_in_mock_lfs file1.txt "content 1 txt 23 bytes" &&
+		test_file_is_in_mock_lfs file2.dat "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" &&
+		test_file_is_in_mock_lfs "path with spaces/file3.bin" "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" &&
+		test_file_is_deleted_in_mock_lfs file4.bin "content 4 bin 26 bytes XX" &&
+
+		test_file_count_in_dir ".git/mock-storage/local" 2 &&
+		test_file_count_in_dir ".git/mock-storage/remote" 2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Run git p4 submit in repo configured with large file system' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config git-p4.useClientSpec true &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileSystem MockLFS &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileThreshold 24 &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFilePush True &&
+		git p4 clone --destination="$git" //depot@all &&
+
+		test_must_fail git p4 submit
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9824-git-p4-git-lfs.sh b/t/t9824-git-p4-git-lfs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..ed80ca858c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9824-git-p4-git-lfs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Clone repositories and store files in Git LFS'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+git lfs help >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
+	skip_all='skipping git p4 Git LFS tests; Git LFS not found'
+	test_done
+}
+
+test_file_in_lfs () {
+	FILE="$1" &&
+	SIZE="$2" &&
+	EXPECTED_CONTENT="$3" &&
+	sed -n '1,1 p' "$FILE" | grep "^version " &&
+	sed -n '2,2 p' "$FILE" | grep "^oid " &&
+	sed -n '3,3 p' "$FILE" | grep "^size " &&
+	test_line_count = 3 "$FILE" &&
+	cat "$FILE" | grep "size $SIZE" &&
+	HASH=$(cat "$FILE" | grep "oid sha256:" | sed -e "s/oid sha256://g") &&
+	LFS_FILE=".git/lfs/objects/$(echo "$HASH" | cut -c1-2)/$(echo "$HASH" | cut -c3-4)/$HASH" &&
+	echo $EXPECTED_CONTENT >expect &&
+	test_path_is_file "$FILE" &&
+	test_path_is_file "$LFS_FILE" &&
+	test_cmp expect "$LFS_FILE"
+}
+
+test_file_count_in_dir () {
+	DIR="$1" &&
+	EXPECTED_COUNT="$2" &&
+	find "$DIR" -type f >actual &&
+	test_line_count = $EXPECTED_COUNT actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Create repo with binary files' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+
+		>file0.dat &&
+		p4 add file0.dat &&
+		echo "content 1 txt 23 bytes" >file1.txt &&
+		p4 add file1.txt &&
+		echo "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" >file2.dat &&
+		p4 add file2.dat &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add text and binary file" &&
+
+		mkdir "path with spaces" &&
+		echo "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" >"path with spaces/file3.bin" &&
+		p4 add "path with spaces/file3.bin" &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add another binary file with same content and spaces in path" &&
+
+		echo "content 4 bin 26 bytes XX" >file4.bin &&
+		p4 add file4.bin &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add another binary file with different content"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Store files in LFS based on size (>24 bytes)' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config git-p4.useClientSpec true &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileSystem GitLFS &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileThreshold 24 &&
+		git p4 clone --destination="$git" //depot@all &&
+
+		test_file_in_lfs file2.dat 25 "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" &&
+		test_file_in_lfs "path with spaces/file3.bin" 25 "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" &&
+		test_file_in_lfs file4.bin 26 "content 4 bin 26 bytes XX" &&
+
+		test_file_count_in_dir ".git/lfs/objects" 2 &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+
+		#
+		# Git LFS (see https://git-lfs.github.com/)
+		#
+		/file2.dat filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
+		/file4.bin filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
+		/path[[:space:]]with[[:space:]]spaces/file3.bin filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
+		EOF
+		test_path_is_file .gitattributes &&
+		test_cmp expect .gitattributes
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Store files in LFS based on size (>25 bytes)' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config git-p4.useClientSpec true &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileSystem GitLFS &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileThreshold 25 &&
+		git p4 clone --destination="$git" //depot@all &&
+
+		test_file_in_lfs file4.bin 26 "content 4 bin 26 bytes XX" &&
+		test_file_count_in_dir ".git/lfs/objects" 1 &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+
+		#
+		# Git LFS (see https://git-lfs.github.com/)
+		#
+		/file4.bin filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
+		EOF
+		test_path_is_file .gitattributes &&
+		test_cmp expect .gitattributes
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Store files in LFS based on extension (dat)' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config git-p4.useClientSpec true &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileSystem GitLFS &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileExtensions dat &&
+		git p4 clone --destination="$git" //depot@all &&
+
+		test_file_in_lfs file2.dat 25 "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" &&
+		test_file_count_in_dir ".git/lfs/objects" 1 &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+
+		#
+		# Git LFS (see https://git-lfs.github.com/)
+		#
+		*.dat filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
+		EOF
+		test_path_is_file .gitattributes &&
+		test_cmp expect .gitattributes
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Store files in LFS based on size (>25 bytes) and extension (dat)' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config git-p4.useClientSpec true &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileSystem GitLFS &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileExtensions dat &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileThreshold 25 &&
+		git p4 clone --destination="$git" //depot@all &&
+
+		test_file_in_lfs file2.dat 25 "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" &&
+		test_file_in_lfs file4.bin 26 "content 4 bin 26 bytes XX" &&
+		test_file_count_in_dir ".git/lfs/objects" 2 &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+
+		#
+		# Git LFS (see https://git-lfs.github.com/)
+		#
+		*.dat filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
+		/file4.bin filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
+		EOF
+		test_path_is_file .gitattributes &&
+		test_cmp expect .gitattributes
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Remove file from repo and store files in LFS based on size (>24 bytes)' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 delete file4.bin &&
+		p4 submit -d "Remove file"
+	) &&
+
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config git-p4.useClientSpec true &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileSystem GitLFS &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileThreshold 24 &&
+		git p4 clone --destination="$git" //depot@all &&
+
+		test_file_in_lfs file2.dat 25 "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" &&
+		test_file_in_lfs "path with spaces/file3.bin" 25 "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" &&
+		test_path_is_missing file4.bin &&
+		test_file_count_in_dir ".git/lfs/objects" 2 &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+
+		#
+		# Git LFS (see https://git-lfs.github.com/)
+		#
+		/file2.dat filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
+		/path[[:space:]]with[[:space:]]spaces/file3.bin filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
+		EOF
+		test_path_is_file .gitattributes &&
+		test_cmp expect .gitattributes
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Add .gitattributes and store files in LFS based on size (>24 bytes)' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo "*.txt text" >.gitattributes &&
+		p4 add .gitattributes &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add .gitattributes"
+	) &&
+
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config git-p4.useClientSpec true &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileSystem GitLFS &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileThreshold 24 &&
+		git p4 clone --destination="$git" //depot@all &&
+
+		test_file_in_lfs file2.dat 25 "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" &&
+		test_file_in_lfs "path with spaces/file3.bin" 25 "content 2-3 bin 25 bytes" &&
+		test_path_is_missing file4.bin &&
+		test_file_count_in_dir ".git/lfs/objects" 2 &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		*.txt text
+
+		#
+		# Git LFS (see https://git-lfs.github.com/)
+		#
+		/file2.dat filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
+		/path[[:space:]]with[[:space:]]spaces/file3.bin filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
+		EOF
+		test_path_is_file .gitattributes &&
+		test_cmp expect .gitattributes
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Add big files to repo and store files in LFS based on compressed size (>28 bytes)' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo "content 5 bin 40 bytes XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX" >file5.bin &&
+		p4 add file5.bin &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file with small footprint after compression" &&
+
+		echo "content 6 bin 39 bytes XXXXXYYYYYZZZZZ" >file6.bin &&
+		p4 add file6.bin &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file with large footprint after compression"
+	) &&
+
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config git-p4.useClientSpec true &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileSystem GitLFS &&
+		git config git-p4.largeFileCompressedThreshold 28 &&
+		# We only import HEAD here ("@all" is missing!)
+		git p4 clone --destination="$git" //depot &&
+
+		test_file_in_lfs file6.bin 39 "content 6 bin 39 bytes XXXXXYYYYYZZZZZ" &&
+		test_file_count_in_dir ".git/lfs/objects" 1 &&
+
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		*.txt text
+
+		#
+		# Git LFS (see https://git-lfs.github.com/)
+		#
+		/file6.bin filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
+		EOF
+		test_path_is_file .gitattributes &&
+		test_cmp expect .gitattributes
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9825-git-p4-handle-utf16-without-bom.sh b/t/t9825-git-p4-handle-utf16-without-bom.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1551845dc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9825-git-p4-handle-utf16-without-bom.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 handling of UTF-16 files without BOM'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+UTF16="\227\000\227\000"
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init depot with UTF-16 encoded file and artificially remove BOM' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		printf "$UTF16" >file1 &&
+		p4 add -t utf16 file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "file1"
+	) &&
+
+	(
+		cd db &&
+		p4d -jc &&
+		# P4D automatically adds a BOM. Remove it here to make the file invalid.
+		sed -e "\$d" depot/file1,v >depot/file1,v.new &&
+		mv depot/file1,v.new depot/file1,v &&
+		printf "@$UTF16@" >>depot/file1,v &&
+		p4d -jrF checkpoint.1
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone depot with invalid UTF-16 file in verbose mode' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" --verbose //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		printf "$UTF16" >expect &&
+		test_cmp_bin expect file1
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'clone depot with invalid UTF-16 file in non-verbose mode' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9826-git-p4-keep-empty-commits.sh b/t/t9826-git-p4-keep-empty-commits.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..fa8b9daf1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9826-git-p4-keep-empty-commits.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Clone repositories and keep empty commits'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Create a repo' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+
+		mkdir -p subdir &&
+
+		>subdir/file1.txt &&
+		p4 add subdir/file1.txt &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file 1" &&
+
+		>file2.txt &&
+		p4 add file2.txt &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file 2" &&
+
+		>subdir/file3.txt &&
+		p4 add subdir/file3.txt &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file 3" &&
+
+		>file4.txt &&
+		p4 add file4.txt &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file 4" &&
+
+		p4 delete subdir/file3.txt &&
+		p4 submit -d "Remove file 3" &&
+
+		p4 delete file4.txt &&
+		p4 submit -d "Remove file 4"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Clone repo root path with all history' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git p4 clone --use-client-spec --destination="$git" //depot@all &&
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		Remove file 4
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 6]
+
+		Remove file 3
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 5]
+
+		Add file 4
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 4]
+
+		Add file 3
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 3]
+
+		Add file 2
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 2]
+
+		Add file 1
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 1]
+
+		EOF
+		git log --format=%B >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Clone repo subdir with all history but keep empty commits' '
+	client_view "//depot/subdir/... //client/subdir/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config git-p4.keepEmptyCommits true &&
+		git p4 clone --use-client-spec --destination="$git" //depot@all &&
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		Remove file 4
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 6]
+
+		Remove file 3
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 5]
+
+		Add file 4
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 4]
+
+		Add file 3
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 3]
+
+		Add file 2
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 2]
+
+		Add file 1
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 1]
+
+		EOF
+		git log --format=%B >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Clone repo subdir with all history' '
+	client_view "//depot/subdir/... //client/subdir/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git p4 clone --use-client-spec --destination="$git" --verbose //depot@all &&
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		Remove file 3
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 5]
+
+		Add file 3
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 3]
+
+		Add file 1
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 1]
+
+		EOF
+		git log --format=%B >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9827-git-p4-change-filetype.sh b/t/t9827-git-p4-change-filetype.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7433998f47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9827-git-p4-change-filetype.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 support for file type change'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create files' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 client -o | sed "/LineEnd/s/:.*/:unix/" | p4 client -i &&
+		cat >file1 <<-EOF &&
+		text without any funny substitution business
+		EOF
+		cat >file2 <<-EOF &&
+		second file whose type will change
+		EOF
+		p4 add file1 file2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "add files"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'change file to symbolic link' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+
+		rm file2 &&
+		ln -s file1 file2 &&
+		git add file2 &&
+		git commit -m "symlink file1 to file2" &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		p4 filelog -m 1 //depot/file2 >filelog &&
+		grep "(symlink)" filelog
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'change symbolic link to file' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+
+		rm file2 &&
+		cat >file2 <<-EOF &&
+		This is another content for the second file.
+		EOF
+		git add file2 &&
+		git commit -m "re-write file2" &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		p4 filelog -m 1 //depot/file2 >filelog &&
+		grep "(text)" filelog
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9828-git-p4-map-user.sh b/t/t9828-git-p4-map-user.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e20395c89f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9828-git-p4-map-user.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Clone repositories and map users'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Create a repo with different users' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+
+		>author.txt &&
+		p4 add author.txt &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file author\\n" &&
+
+		P4USER=mmax &&
+		>max.txt &&
+		p4 add max.txt &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file max" &&
+
+		P4USER=eri &&
+		>moritz.txt &&
+		p4 add moritz.txt &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file moritz" &&
+
+		P4USER=no &&
+		>nobody.txt &&
+		p4 add nobody.txt &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file nobody"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Clone repo root path with all history' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git config --add git-p4.mapUser "mmax = Max Musterman   <max@example.com> "  &&
+		git config --add git-p4.mapUser "  eri=Erika Musterman <erika@example.com>" &&
+		git p4 clone --use-client-spec --destination="$git" //depot@all &&
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+			no <no@client>
+			Erika Musterman <erika@example.com>
+			Max Musterman <max@example.com>
+			Dr. author <author@example.com>
+		EOF
+		git log --format="%an <%ae>" >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9829-git-p4-jobs.sh b/t/t9829-git-p4-jobs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..971aeeea1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9829-git-p4-jobs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 retrieve job info'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add p4 jobs' '
+	(
+		p4_add_job TESTJOB-A &&
+		p4_add_job TESTJOB-B
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add p4 files' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		>file1 &&
+		p4 add file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file 1"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check log message of changelist with no jobs' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git p4 clone --use-client-spec --destination="$git" //depot@all &&
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		Add file 1
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 1]
+
+		EOF
+		git log --format=%B >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add TESTJOB-A to change 1' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 fix -c 1 TESTJOB-A
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check log message of changelist with one job' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git p4 clone --use-client-spec --destination="$git" //depot@all &&
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		Add file 1
+		Jobs: TESTJOB-A
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 1]
+
+		EOF
+		git log --format=%B >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add TESTJOB-B to change 1' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 fix -c 1 TESTJOB-B
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check log message of changelist with more jobs' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init . &&
+		git p4 clone --use-client-spec --destination="$git" //depot@all &&
+		cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		Add file 1
+		Jobs: TESTJOB-A TESTJOB-B
+		[git-p4: depot-paths = "//depot/": change = 1]
+
+		EOF
+		git log --format=%B >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9830-git-p4-symlink-dir.sh b/t/t9830-git-p4-symlink-dir.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2ad1b0810d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9830-git-p4-symlink-dir.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 symlinked directories'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symlinked directory' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		: >first_file.t &&
+		p4 add first_file.t &&
+		p4 submit -d "first change"
+	) &&
+	git p4 clone --dest "$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		mkdir -p some/sub/directory &&
+		mkdir -p other/subdir2 &&
+		: > other/subdir2/file.t &&
+		(cd some/sub/directory && ln -s ../../../other/subdir2 .) &&
+		git add some other &&
+		git commit -m "symlinks" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit -v
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		test -L some/sub/directory/subdir2 &&
+		test_path_is_file some/sub/directory/subdir2/file.t
+	)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9831-git-p4-triggers.sh b/t/t9831-git-p4-triggers.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..be44c9751a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9831-git-p4-triggers.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 with server triggers'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init depot' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo file1 >file1 &&
+		p4 add file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "change 1" &&
+		echo file2 >file2 &&
+		p4 add file2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "change 2"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone with extra info lines from verbose p4 trigger' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		p4 triggers -i <<-EOF
+		Triggers: p4triggertest-command command pre-user-change "echo verbose trigger"
+		EOF
+	) &&
+	(
+		p4 change -o |  grep -s "verbose trigger"
+	) &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot/@all &&
+	(
+		p4 triggers -i <<-EOF
+		Triggers:
+		EOF
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'import with extra info lines from verbose p4 trigger' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo file3 >file3 &&
+		p4 add file3 &&
+		p4 submit -d "change 3"
+	) &&
+	(
+		p4 triggers -i <<-EOF
+		Triggers: p4triggertest-command command pre-user-describe "echo verbose trigger"
+		EOF
+	) &&
+	(
+		p4 describe 1 |  grep -s "verbose trigger"
+	) &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot/@all &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git p4 sync
+	)&&
+	(
+		p4 triggers -i <<-EOF
+		Triggers:
+		EOF
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submit description with extra info lines from verbose p4 change trigger' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		p4 triggers -i <<-EOF
+		Triggers: p4triggertest-command command pre-user-change "echo verbose trigger"
+		EOF
+	) &&
+	(
+		p4 change -o |  grep -s "verbose trigger"
+	) &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		echo file4 >file4 &&
+		git add file4 &&
+		git commit -m file4 &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		p4 triggers -i <<-EOF
+		Triggers:
+		EOF
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_file file4
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9832-unshelve.sh b/t/t9832-unshelve.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..48ec7679b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9832-unshelve.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+last_shelved_change () {
+	p4 changes -s shelved -m1 | cut -d " " -f 2
+}
+
+test_description='git p4 unshelve'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init depot' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo file1 >file1 &&
+		p4 add file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "change 1" &&
+		: >file_to_delete &&
+		p4 add file_to_delete &&
+		p4 submit -d "file to delete"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'initial clone' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot/@all
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create shelved changelist' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 edit file1 &&
+		echo "a change" >>file1 &&
+		echo "new file" >file2 &&
+		p4 add file2 &&
+		p4 delete file_to_delete &&
+		p4 opened &&
+		p4 shelve -i <<EOF
+Change: new
+Description:
+	Test commit
+
+	Further description
+Files:
+	//depot/file1
+	//depot/file2
+	//depot/file_to_delete
+EOF
+
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		change=$(last_shelved_change) &&
+		git p4 unshelve $change &&
+		git show refs/remotes/p4/unshelved/$change | grep -q "Further description" &&
+		git cherry-pick refs/remotes/p4/unshelved/$change &&
+		test_path_is_file file2 &&
+		test_cmp file1 "$cli"/file1 &&
+		test_cmp file2 "$cli"/file2 &&
+		test_path_is_missing file_to_delete
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update shelved changelist and re-unshelve' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		change=$(last_shelved_change) &&
+		echo "file3" >file3 &&
+		p4 add -c $change file3 &&
+		p4 shelve -i -r <<EOF &&
+Change: $change
+Description:
+	Test commit
+
+	Further description
+Files:
+	//depot/file1
+	//depot/file2
+	//depot/file3
+	//depot/file_to_delete
+EOF
+		p4 describe $change
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		change=$(last_shelved_change) &&
+		git p4 unshelve $change &&
+		git diff refs/remotes/p4/unshelved/$change.0 refs/remotes/p4/unshelved/$change | grep -q file3
+	)
+'
+
+# This is the tricky case where the shelved changelist base revision doesn't
+# match git-p4's idea of the base revision
+#
+# We will attempt to unshelve a change that is based on a change one commit
+# ahead of p4/master
+
+test_expect_success 'create shelved changelist based on p4 change ahead of p4/master' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot/@all &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 revert ... &&
+		p4 edit file1 &&
+		echo "foo" >>file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "change:foo" &&
+		p4 edit file1 &&
+		echo "bar" >>file1 &&
+		p4 shelve -i <<EOF &&
+Change: new
+Description:
+	Change to be unshelved
+Files:
+	//depot/file1
+EOF
+		change=$(last_shelved_change) &&
+		p4 describe -S $change | grep -q "Change to be unshelved"
+	)
+'
+
+# Now try to unshelve it. git-p4 should refuse to do so.
+test_expect_success 'try to unshelve the change' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		change=$(last_shelved_change) &&
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_must_fail git p4 unshelve $change 2>out.txt &&
+		grep -q "cannot unshelve" out.txt
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9833-errors.sh b/t/t9833-errors.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..277d347012
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9833-errors.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 errors'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add p4 files' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo file1 >file1 &&
+		p4 add file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "file1"
+	)
+'
+
+# after this test, the default user requires a password
+test_expect_success 'error handling' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		P4PORT=: test_must_fail git p4 submit 2>errmsg
+	) &&
+	p4 passwd -P newpassword &&
+	(
+		P4PASSWD=badpassword &&
+		export P4PASSWD &&
+		test_must_fail git p4 clone //depot/foo 2>errmsg &&
+		grep -q "failure accessing depot.*P4PASSWD" errmsg
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ticket logged out' '
+	P4TICKETS="$cli/tickets" &&
+	echo "newpassword" | p4 login &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_commit "ticket-auth-check" &&
+		p4 logout &&
+		test_must_fail git p4 submit 2>errmsg &&
+		grep -q "failure accessing depot" errmsg
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create group with short ticket expiry' '
+	P4TICKETS="$cli/tickets" &&
+	echo "newpassword" | p4 login &&
+	p4_add_user short_expiry_user &&
+	p4 -u short_expiry_user passwd -P password &&
+	p4 group -i <<-EOF &&
+	Group: testgroup
+	Timeout: 3
+	Users: short_expiry_user
+	EOF
+
+	p4 users | grep short_expiry_user
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git operation with expired ticket' '
+	P4TICKETS="$cli/tickets" &&
+	P4USER=short_expiry_user &&
+	echo "password" | p4 login &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git p4 sync &&
+		sleep 5 &&
+		test_must_fail git p4 sync 2>errmsg &&
+		grep "failure accessing depot" errmsg
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9901-git-web--browse.sh b/t/t9901-git-web--browse.sh
index b0a6bad8dd..de7152f827 100755
--- a/t/t9901-git-web--browse.sh
+++ b/t/t9901-git-web--browse.sh
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	echo fake: "$@"
 	EOF
 	chmod +x "fake browser" &&
-	git config browser.w3m.path "`pwd`/fake browser" &&
+	git config browser.w3m.path "$(pwd)/fake browser" &&
 	test_web_browse w3m http://example.com/foo
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t9902-completion.sh b/t/t9902-completion.sh
index 4a14a5892e..175f83d704 100755
--- a/t/t9902-completion.sh
+++ b/t/t9902-completion.sh
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ complete ()
 	return 0
 }
 
-# Be careful when updating this list:
+# Be careful when updating these lists:
 #
 # (1) The build tree may have build artifact from different branch, or
 #     the user's $PATH may have a random executable that may begin
@@ -30,7 +30,8 @@ complete ()
 #     completion for "git <TAB>", and a plumbing is excluded.  "add",
 #     "filter-branch" and "ls-files" are listed for this.
 
-GIT_TESTING_COMMAND_COMPLETION='add checkout check-attr filter-branch ls-files'
+GIT_TESTING_ALL_COMMAND_LIST='add checkout check-attr filter-branch ls-files'
+GIT_TESTING_PORCELAIN_COMMAND_LIST='add checkout filter-branch'
 
 . "$GIT_BUILD_DIR/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash"
 
@@ -84,10 +85,11 @@ test_completion ()
 	then
 		printf '%s\n' "$2" >expected
 	else
-		sed -e 's/Z$//' >expected
+		sed -e 's/Z$//' |sort >expected
 	fi &&
 	run_completion "$1" &&
-	test_cmp expected out
+	sort out >out_sorted &&
+	test_cmp expected out_sorted
 }
 
 # Test __gitcomp.
@@ -98,7 +100,7 @@ test_gitcomp ()
 {
 	local -a COMPREPLY &&
 	sed -e 's/Z$//' >expected &&
-	cur="$1" &&
+	local cur="$1" &&
 	shift &&
 	__gitcomp "$@" &&
 	print_comp &&
@@ -113,7 +115,7 @@ test_gitcomp_nl ()
 {
 	local -a COMPREPLY &&
 	sed -e 's/Z$//' >expected &&
-	cur="$1" &&
+	local cur="$1" &&
 	shift &&
 	__gitcomp_nl "$@" &&
 	print_comp &&
@@ -124,145 +126,336 @@ invalid_variable_name='${foo.bar}'
 
 actual="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/actual"
 
-test_expect_success 'setup for __gitdir tests' '
+if test_have_prereq MINGW
+then
+	ROOT="$(pwd -W)"
+else
+	ROOT="$(pwd)"
+fi
+
+test_expect_success 'setup for __git_find_repo_path/__gitdir tests' '
 	mkdir -p subdir/subsubdir &&
+	mkdir -p non-repo &&
 	git init otherrepo
 '
 
-test_expect_success '__gitdir - from command line (through $__git_dir)' '
-	echo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - from command line (through $__git_dir)' '
+	echo "$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
 	(
-		__git_dir="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" &&
-		__gitdir >"$actual"
+		__git_dir="$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" &&
+		__git_find_repo_path &&
+		echo "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '__gitdir - repo as argument' '
-	echo "otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
-	__gitdir "otherrepo" >"$actual" &&
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - .git directory in cwd' '
+	echo ".git" >expected &&
+	(
+		__git_find_repo_path &&
+		echo "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
+	) &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '__gitdir - remote as argument' '
-	echo "remote" >expected &&
-	__gitdir "remote" >"$actual" &&
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - .git directory in parent' '
+	echo "$ROOT/.git" >expected &&
+	(
+		cd subdir/subsubdir &&
+		__git_find_repo_path &&
+		echo "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
+	) &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '__gitdir - .git directory in cwd' '
-	echo ".git" >expected &&
-	__gitdir >"$actual" &&
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - cwd is a .git directory' '
+	echo "." >expected &&
+	(
+		cd .git &&
+		__git_find_repo_path &&
+		echo "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
+	) &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '__gitdir - .git directory in parent' '
-	echo "$(pwd -P)/.git" >expected &&
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - parent is a .git directory' '
+	echo "$ROOT/.git" >expected &&
 	(
-		cd subdir/subsubdir &&
-		__gitdir >"$actual"
+		cd .git/objects &&
+		__git_find_repo_path &&
+		echo "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '__gitdir - cwd is a .git directory' '
-	echo "." >expected &&
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - $GIT_DIR set while .git directory in cwd' '
+	echo "$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
 	(
-		cd .git &&
-		__gitdir >"$actual"
+		GIT_DIR="$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" &&
+		export GIT_DIR &&
+		__git_find_repo_path &&
+		echo "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '__gitdir - parent is a .git directory' '
-	echo "$(pwd -P)/.git" >expected &&
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - $GIT_DIR set while .git directory in parent' '
+	echo "$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
 	(
-		cd .git/refs/heads &&
-		__gitdir >"$actual"
+		GIT_DIR="$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" &&
+		export GIT_DIR &&
+		cd subdir &&
+		__git_find_repo_path &&
+		echo "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - from command line while "git -C"' '
+	echo "$ROOT/.git" >expected &&
+	(
+		__git_dir="$ROOT/.git" &&
+		__git_C_args=(-C otherrepo) &&
+		__git_find_repo_path &&
+		echo "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '__gitdir - $GIT_DIR set while .git directory in cwd' '
-	echo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - relative dir from command line and "git -C"' '
+	echo "$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
 	(
-		GIT_DIR="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" &&
+		cd subdir &&
+		__git_dir="otherrepo/.git" &&
+		__git_C_args=(-C ..) &&
+		__git_find_repo_path &&
+		echo "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - $GIT_DIR set while "git -C"' '
+	echo "$ROOT/.git" >expected &&
+	(
+		GIT_DIR="$ROOT/.git" &&
 		export GIT_DIR &&
-		__gitdir >"$actual"
+		__git_C_args=(-C otherrepo) &&
+		__git_find_repo_path &&
+		echo "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '__gitdir - $GIT_DIR set while .git directory in parent' '
-	echo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - relative dir in $GIT_DIR and "git -C"' '
+	echo "$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
 	(
-		GIT_DIR="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" &&
+		cd subdir &&
+		GIT_DIR="otherrepo/.git" &&
 		export GIT_DIR &&
+		__git_C_args=(-C ..) &&
+		__git_find_repo_path &&
+		echo "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - "git -C" while .git directory in cwd' '
+	echo "$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
+	(
+		__git_C_args=(-C otherrepo) &&
+		__git_find_repo_path &&
+		echo "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - "git -C" while cwd is a .git directory' '
+	echo "$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
+	(
+		cd .git &&
+		__git_C_args=(-C .. -C otherrepo) &&
+		__git_find_repo_path &&
+		echo "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - "git -C" while .git directory in parent' '
+	echo "$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
+	(
 		cd subdir &&
-		__gitdir >"$actual"
+		__git_C_args=(-C .. -C otherrepo) &&
+		__git_find_repo_path &&
+		echo "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '__gitdir - non-existing $GIT_DIR' '
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - non-existing path in "git -C"' '
 	(
-		GIT_DIR="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/non-existing" &&
-		export GIT_DIR &&
-		test_must_fail __gitdir
-	)
+		__git_C_args=(-C non-existing) &&
+		test_must_fail __git_find_repo_path &&
+		printf "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_must_be_empty "$actual"
 '
 
-function pwd_P_W () {
-	if test_have_prereq MINGW
-	then
-		pwd -W
-	else
-		pwd -P
-	fi
-}
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - non-existing path in $__git_dir' '
+	(
+		__git_dir="non-existing" &&
+		test_must_fail __git_find_repo_path &&
+		printf "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_must_be_empty "$actual"
+'
 
-test_expect_success '__gitdir - gitfile in cwd' '
-	echo "$(pwd_P_W)/otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
-	echo "gitdir: $(pwd_P_W)/otherrepo/.git" >subdir/.git &&
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - non-existing $GIT_DIR' '
+	(
+		GIT_DIR="$ROOT/non-existing" &&
+		export GIT_DIR &&
+		test_must_fail __git_find_repo_path &&
+		printf "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_must_be_empty "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - gitfile in cwd' '
+	echo "$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
+	echo "gitdir: $ROOT/otherrepo/.git" >subdir/.git &&
 	test_when_finished "rm -f subdir/.git" &&
 	(
 		cd subdir &&
-		__gitdir >"$actual"
+		__git_find_repo_path &&
+		echo "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '__gitdir - gitfile in parent' '
-	echo "$(pwd_P_W)/otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
-	echo "gitdir: $(pwd_P_W)/otherrepo/.git" >subdir/.git &&
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - gitfile in parent' '
+	echo "$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
+	echo "gitdir: $ROOT/otherrepo/.git" >subdir/.git &&
 	test_when_finished "rm -f subdir/.git" &&
 	(
 		cd subdir/subsubdir &&
-		__gitdir >"$actual"
+		__git_find_repo_path &&
+		echo "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
-test_expect_success SYMLINKS '__gitdir - resulting path avoids symlinks' '
-	echo "$(pwd -P)/otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS '__git_find_repo_path - resulting path avoids symlinks' '
+	echo "$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
 	mkdir otherrepo/dir &&
 	test_when_finished "rm -rf otherrepo/dir" &&
 	ln -s otherrepo/dir link &&
 	test_when_finished "rm -f link" &&
 	(
 		cd link &&
-		__gitdir >"$actual"
+		__git_find_repo_path &&
+		echo "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
-test_expect_success '__gitdir - not a git repository' '
+test_expect_success '__git_find_repo_path - not a git repository' '
 	(
-		cd subdir/subsubdir &&
-		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_DIRECTORY" &&
+		cd non-repo &&
+		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$ROOT" &&
 		export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES &&
-		test_must_fail __gitdir
-	)
+		test_must_fail __git_find_repo_path &&
+		printf "$__git_repo_path" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_must_be_empty "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__gitdir - finds repo' '
+	echo "$ROOT/.git" >expected &&
+	(
+		cd subdir/subsubdir &&
+		__gitdir >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success '__gitdir - returns error when cant find repo' '
+	(
+		__git_dir="non-existing" &&
+		test_must_fail __gitdir >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_must_be_empty "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__gitdir - repo as argument' '
+	echo "otherrepo/.git" >expected &&
+	(
+		__gitdir "otherrepo" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__gitdir - remote as argument' '
+	echo "remote" >expected &&
+	(
+		__gitdir "remote" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success '__git_dequote - plain unquoted word' '
+	__git_dequote unquoted-word &&
+	verbose test unquoted-word = "$dequoted_word"
+'
+
+# input:    b\a\c\k\'\\\"s\l\a\s\h\es
+# expected: back'\"slashes
+test_expect_success '__git_dequote - backslash escaped' '
+	__git_dequote "b\a\c\k\\'\''\\\\\\\"s\l\a\s\h\es" &&
+	verbose test "back'\''\\\"slashes" = "$dequoted_word"
+'
+
+# input:    sin'gle\' '"quo'ted
+# expected: single\ "quoted
+test_expect_success '__git_dequote - single quoted' '
+	__git_dequote "'"sin'gle\\\\' '\\\"quo'ted"'" &&
+	verbose test '\''single\ "quoted'\'' = "$dequoted_word"
+'
+
+# input:    dou"ble\\" "\"\quot"ed
+# expected: double\ "\quoted
+test_expect_success '__git_dequote - double quoted' '
+	__git_dequote '\''dou"ble\\" "\"\quot"ed'\'' &&
+	verbose test '\''double\ "\quoted'\'' = "$dequoted_word"
+'
+
+# input: 'open single quote
+test_expect_success '__git_dequote - open single quote' '
+	__git_dequote "'\''open single quote" &&
+	verbose test "open single quote" = "$dequoted_word"
+'
+
+# input: "open double quote
+test_expect_success '__git_dequote - open double quote' '
+	__git_dequote "\"open double quote" &&
+	verbose test "open double quote" = "$dequoted_word"
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success '__gitcomp_direct - puts everything into COMPREPLY as-is' '
+	sed -e "s/Z$//g" >expected <<-EOF &&
+	with-trailing-space Z
+	without-trailing-spaceZ
+	--option Z
+	--option=Z
+	$invalid_variable_name Z
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=should_be_ignored &&
+		__gitcomp_direct "$(cat expected)" &&
+		print_comp
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected out
 '
 
 test_expect_success '__gitcomp - trailing space - options' '
@@ -308,6 +501,42 @@ test_expect_success '__gitcomp - suffix' '
 	EOF
 '
 
+test_expect_success '__gitcomp - ignore optional negative options' '
+	test_gitcomp "--" "--abc --def --no-one -- --no-two" <<-\EOF
+	--abc Z
+	--def Z
+	--no-one Z
+	--no-... Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__gitcomp - ignore/narrow optional negative options' '
+	test_gitcomp "--a" "--abc --abcdef --no-one -- --no-two" <<-\EOF
+	--abc Z
+	--abcdef Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__gitcomp - ignore/narrow optional negative options' '
+	test_gitcomp "--n" "--abc --def --no-one -- --no-two" <<-\EOF
+	--no-one Z
+	--no-... Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__gitcomp - expand all negative options' '
+	test_gitcomp "--no-" "--abc --def --no-one -- --no-two" <<-\EOF
+	--no-one Z
+	--no-two Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__gitcomp - expand/narrow all negative options' '
+	test_gitcomp "--no-o" "--abc --def --no-one -- --no-two" <<-\EOF
+	--no-one Z
+	EOF
+'
+
 test_expect_success '__gitcomp - doesnt fail because of invalid variable name' '
 	__gitcomp "$invalid_variable_name"
 '
@@ -366,7 +595,795 @@ test_expect_success '__git_remotes - list remotes from $GIT_DIR/remotes and from
 	git remote add remote_in_config_1 git://remote_1 &&
 	test_when_finished "git remote remove remote_in_config_2" &&
 	git remote add remote_in_config_2 git://remote_2 &&
-	__git_remotes >actual &&
+	(
+		__git_remotes >actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_is_configured_remote' '
+	test_when_finished "git remote remove remote_1" &&
+	git remote add remote_1 git://remote_1 &&
+	test_when_finished "git remote remove remote_2" &&
+	git remote add remote_2 git://remote_2 &&
+	(
+		verbose __git_is_configured_remote remote_2 &&
+		test_must_fail __git_is_configured_remote non-existent
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup for ref completion' '
+	git commit --allow-empty -m initial &&
+	git branch matching-branch &&
+	git tag matching-tag &&
+	(
+		cd otherrepo &&
+		git commit --allow-empty -m initial &&
+		git branch -m master master-in-other &&
+		git branch branch-in-other &&
+		git tag tag-in-other
+	) &&
+	git remote add other "$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" &&
+	git fetch --no-tags other &&
+	rm -f .git/FETCH_HEAD &&
+	git init thirdrepo
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - simple' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	master
+	matching-branch
+	other/branch-in-other
+	other/master-in-other
+	matching-tag
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur= &&
+		__git_refs >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - full refs' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	refs/heads/master
+	refs/heads/matching-branch
+	refs/remotes/other/branch-in-other
+	refs/remotes/other/master-in-other
+	refs/tags/matching-tag
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=refs/heads/ &&
+		__git_refs >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - repo given on the command line' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	branch-in-other
+	master-in-other
+	tag-in-other
+	EOF
+	(
+		__git_dir="$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" &&
+		cur= &&
+		__git_refs >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - remote on local file system' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	branch-in-other
+	master-in-other
+	tag-in-other
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur= &&
+		__git_refs otherrepo >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - remote on local file system - full refs' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	refs/heads/branch-in-other
+	refs/heads/master-in-other
+	refs/tags/tag-in-other
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=refs/ &&
+		__git_refs otherrepo >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - configured remote' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	branch-in-other
+	master-in-other
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur= &&
+		__git_refs other >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - configured remote - full refs' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	refs/heads/branch-in-other
+	refs/heads/master-in-other
+	refs/tags/tag-in-other
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=refs/ &&
+		__git_refs other >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - configured remote - repo given on the command line' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	branch-in-other
+	master-in-other
+	EOF
+	(
+		cd thirdrepo &&
+		__git_dir="$ROOT/.git" &&
+		cur= &&
+		__git_refs other >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - configured remote - full refs - repo given on the command line' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	refs/heads/branch-in-other
+	refs/heads/master-in-other
+	refs/tags/tag-in-other
+	EOF
+	(
+		cd thirdrepo &&
+		__git_dir="$ROOT/.git" &&
+		cur=refs/ &&
+		__git_refs other >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - configured remote - remote name matches a directory' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	branch-in-other
+	master-in-other
+	EOF
+	mkdir other &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf other" &&
+	(
+		cur= &&
+		__git_refs other >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - URL remote' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	branch-in-other
+	master-in-other
+	tag-in-other
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur= &&
+		__git_refs "file://$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - URL remote - full refs' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	refs/heads/branch-in-other
+	refs/heads/master-in-other
+	refs/tags/tag-in-other
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=refs/ &&
+		__git_refs "file://$ROOT/otherrepo/.git" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - non-existing remote' '
+	(
+		cur= &&
+		__git_refs non-existing >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_must_be_empty "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - non-existing remote - full refs' '
+	(
+		cur=refs/ &&
+		__git_refs non-existing >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_must_be_empty "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - non-existing URL remote' '
+	(
+		cur= &&
+		__git_refs "file://$ROOT/non-existing" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_must_be_empty "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - non-existing URL remote - full refs' '
+	(
+		cur=refs/ &&
+		__git_refs "file://$ROOT/non-existing" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_must_be_empty "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - not in a git repository' '
+	(
+		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$ROOT" &&
+		export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES &&
+		cd subdir &&
+		cur= &&
+		__git_refs >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_must_be_empty "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - unique remote branches for git checkout DWIMery' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	master
+	matching-branch
+	other/ambiguous
+	other/branch-in-other
+	other/master-in-other
+	remote/ambiguous
+	remote/branch-in-remote
+	matching-tag
+	branch-in-other
+	branch-in-remote
+	master-in-other
+	EOF
+	for remote_ref in refs/remotes/other/ambiguous \
+		refs/remotes/remote/ambiguous \
+		refs/remotes/remote/branch-in-remote
+	do
+		git update-ref $remote_ref master &&
+		test_when_finished "git update-ref -d $remote_ref"
+	done &&
+	(
+		cur= &&
+		__git_refs "" 1 >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - after --opt=' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	master
+	matching-branch
+	other/branch-in-other
+	other/master-in-other
+	matching-tag
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur="--opt=" &&
+		__git_refs "" "" "" "" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - after --opt= - full refs' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	refs/heads/master
+	refs/heads/matching-branch
+	refs/remotes/other/branch-in-other
+	refs/remotes/other/master-in-other
+	refs/tags/matching-tag
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur="--opt=refs/" &&
+		__git_refs "" "" "" refs/ >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git refs - exluding refs' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	^HEAD
+	^master
+	^matching-branch
+	^other/branch-in-other
+	^other/master-in-other
+	^matching-tag
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=^ &&
+		__git_refs >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git refs - exluding full refs' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	^refs/heads/master
+	^refs/heads/matching-branch
+	^refs/remotes/other/branch-in-other
+	^refs/remotes/other/master-in-other
+	^refs/tags/matching-tag
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=^refs/ &&
+		__git_refs >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup for filtering matching refs' '
+	git branch matching/branch &&
+	git tag matching/tag &&
+	git -C otherrepo branch matching/branch-in-other &&
+	git fetch --no-tags other &&
+	rm -f .git/FETCH_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - dont filter refs unless told so' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD
+	master
+	matching-branch
+	matching/branch
+	other/branch-in-other
+	other/master-in-other
+	other/matching/branch-in-other
+	matching-tag
+	matching/tag
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=master &&
+		__git_refs >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - only matching refs' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	matching-branch
+	matching/branch
+	matching-tag
+	matching/tag
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=mat &&
+		__git_refs "" "" "" "$cur" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - only matching refs - full refs' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	refs/heads/matching-branch
+	refs/heads/matching/branch
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=refs/heads/mat &&
+		__git_refs "" "" "" "$cur" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - only matching refs - remote on local file system' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	master-in-other
+	matching/branch-in-other
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=ma &&
+		__git_refs otherrepo "" "" "$cur" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - only matching refs - configured remote' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	master-in-other
+	matching/branch-in-other
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=ma &&
+		__git_refs other "" "" "$cur" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - only matching refs - remote - full refs' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	refs/heads/master-in-other
+	refs/heads/matching/branch-in-other
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=refs/heads/ma &&
+		__git_refs other "" "" "$cur" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - only matching refs - checkout DWIMery' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	matching-branch
+	matching/branch
+	matching-tag
+	matching/tag
+	matching/branch-in-other
+	EOF
+	for remote_ref in refs/remotes/other/ambiguous \
+		refs/remotes/remote/ambiguous \
+		refs/remotes/remote/branch-in-remote
+	do
+		git update-ref $remote_ref master &&
+		test_when_finished "git update-ref -d $remote_ref"
+	done &&
+	(
+		cur=mat &&
+		__git_refs "" 1 "" "$cur" >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'teardown after filtering matching refs' '
+	git branch -d matching/branch &&
+	git tag -d matching/tag &&
+	git update-ref -d refs/remotes/other/matching/branch-in-other &&
+	git -C otherrepo branch -D matching/branch-in-other
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_refs - for-each-ref format specifiers in prefix' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	evil-%%-%42-%(refname)..master
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur="evil-%%-%42-%(refname)..mas" &&
+		__git_refs "" "" "evil-%%-%42-%(refname).." mas >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_complete_refs - simple' '
+	sed -e "s/Z$//" >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD Z
+	master Z
+	matching-branch Z
+	other/branch-in-other Z
+	other/master-in-other Z
+	matching-tag Z
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur= &&
+		__git_complete_refs &&
+		print_comp
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected out
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_complete_refs - matching' '
+	sed -e "s/Z$//" >expected <<-EOF &&
+	matching-branch Z
+	matching-tag Z
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=mat &&
+		__git_complete_refs &&
+		print_comp
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected out
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_complete_refs - remote' '
+	sed -e "s/Z$//" >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD Z
+	branch-in-other Z
+	master-in-other Z
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur= &&
+		__git_complete_refs --remote=other &&
+		print_comp
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected out
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_complete_refs - track' '
+	sed -e "s/Z$//" >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD Z
+	master Z
+	matching-branch Z
+	other/branch-in-other Z
+	other/master-in-other Z
+	matching-tag Z
+	branch-in-other Z
+	master-in-other Z
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur= &&
+		__git_complete_refs --track &&
+		print_comp
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected out
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_complete_refs - current word' '
+	sed -e "s/Z$//" >expected <<-EOF &&
+	matching-branch Z
+	matching-tag Z
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur="--option=mat" &&
+		__git_complete_refs --cur="${cur#*=}" &&
+		print_comp
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected out
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_complete_refs - prefix' '
+	sed -e "s/Z$//" >expected <<-EOF &&
+	v1.0..matching-branch Z
+	v1.0..matching-tag Z
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=v1.0..mat &&
+		__git_complete_refs --pfx=v1.0.. --cur=mat &&
+		print_comp
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected out
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_complete_refs - suffix' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD.
+	master.
+	matching-branch.
+	other/branch-in-other.
+	other/master-in-other.
+	matching-tag.
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur= &&
+		__git_complete_refs --sfx=. &&
+		print_comp
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected out
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_complete_fetch_refspecs - simple' '
+	sed -e "s/Z$//" >expected <<-EOF &&
+	HEAD:HEAD Z
+	branch-in-other:branch-in-other Z
+	master-in-other:master-in-other Z
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur= &&
+		__git_complete_fetch_refspecs other &&
+		print_comp
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected out
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_complete_fetch_refspecs - matching' '
+	sed -e "s/Z$//" >expected <<-EOF &&
+	branch-in-other:branch-in-other Z
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=br &&
+		__git_complete_fetch_refspecs other "" br &&
+		print_comp
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected out
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_complete_fetch_refspecs - prefix' '
+	sed -e "s/Z$//" >expected <<-EOF &&
+	+HEAD:HEAD Z
+	+branch-in-other:branch-in-other Z
+	+master-in-other:master-in-other Z
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur="+" &&
+		__git_complete_fetch_refspecs other "+" ""  &&
+		print_comp
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected out
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_complete_fetch_refspecs - fully qualified' '
+	sed -e "s/Z$//" >expected <<-EOF &&
+	refs/heads/branch-in-other:refs/heads/branch-in-other Z
+	refs/heads/master-in-other:refs/heads/master-in-other Z
+	refs/tags/tag-in-other:refs/tags/tag-in-other Z
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=refs/ &&
+		__git_complete_fetch_refspecs other "" refs/ &&
+		print_comp
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected out
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_complete_fetch_refspecs - fully qualified & prefix' '
+	sed -e "s/Z$//" >expected <<-EOF &&
+	+refs/heads/branch-in-other:refs/heads/branch-in-other Z
+	+refs/heads/master-in-other:refs/heads/master-in-other Z
+	+refs/tags/tag-in-other:refs/tags/tag-in-other Z
+	EOF
+	(
+		cur=+refs/ &&
+		__git_complete_fetch_refspecs other + refs/ &&
+		print_comp
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'teardown after ref completion' '
+	git branch -d matching-branch &&
+	git tag -d matching-tag &&
+	git remote remove other
+'
+
+
+test_path_completion ()
+{
+	test $# = 2 || error "bug in the test script: not 2 parameters to test_path_completion"
+
+	local cur="$1" expected="$2"
+	echo "$expected" >expected &&
+	(
+		# In the following tests calling this function we only
+		# care about how __git_complete_index_file() deals with
+		# unusual characters in path names.  By requesting only
+		# untracked files we dont have to bother adding any
+		# paths to the index in those tests.
+		__git_complete_index_file --others &&
+		print_comp
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected out
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup for path completion tests' '
+	mkdir simple-dir \
+	      "spaces in dir" \
+	      árvíztűrő &&
+	touch simple-dir/simple-file \
+	      "spaces in dir/spaces in file" \
+	      "árvíztűrő/Сайн �ваарай" &&
+	if test_have_prereq !MINGW &&
+	   mkdir BS\\dir \
+		 '$'separators\034in\035dir'' &&
+	   touch BS\\dir/DQ\"file \
+		 '$'separators\034in\035dir/sep\036in\037file''
+	then
+		test_set_prereq FUNNIERNAMES
+	else
+		rm -rf BS\\dir '$'separators\034in\035dir''
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_complete_index_file - simple' '
+	test_path_completion simple simple-dir &&  # Bash is supposed to
+						   # add the trailing /.
+	test_path_completion simple-dir/simple simple-dir/simple-file
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '__git_complete_index_file - escaped characters on cmdline' '
+	test_path_completion spac "spaces in dir" &&  # Bash will turn this
+						      # into "spaces\ in\ dir"
+	test_path_completion "spaces\\ i" \
+			     "spaces in dir" &&
+	test_path_completion "spaces\\ in\\ dir/s" \
+			     "spaces in dir/spaces in file" &&
+	test_path_completion "spaces\\ in\\ dir/spaces\\ i" \
+			     "spaces in dir/spaces in file"
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '__git_complete_index_file - quoted characters on cmdline' '
+	# Testing with an opening but without a corresponding closing
+	# double quote is important.
+	test_path_completion \"spac "spaces in dir" &&
+	test_path_completion "\"spaces i" \
+			     "spaces in dir" &&
+	test_path_completion "\"spaces in dir/s" \
+			     "spaces in dir/spaces in file" &&
+	test_path_completion "\"spaces in dir/spaces i" \
+			     "spaces in dir/spaces in file"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_complete_index_file - UTF-8 in ls-files output' '
+	test_path_completion á árvíztűrő &&
+	test_path_completion árvíztűrő/С "árvíztűrő/Сайн �ваарай"
+'
+
+test_expect_success FUNNIERNAMES \
+    '__git_complete_index_file - C-style escapes in ls-files output' '
+	test_path_completion BS \
+			     BS\\dir &&
+	test_path_completion BS\\\\d \
+			     BS\\dir &&
+	test_path_completion BS\\\\dir/DQ \
+			     BS\\dir/DQ\"file &&
+	test_path_completion BS\\\\dir/DQ\\\"f \
+			     BS\\dir/DQ\"file
+'
+
+test_expect_success FUNNIERNAMES \
+    '__git_complete_index_file - \nnn-escaped characters in ls-files output' '
+	test_path_completion sep '$'separators\034in\035dir'' &&
+	test_path_completion '$'separators\034i'' \
+			     '$'separators\034in\035dir'' &&
+	test_path_completion '$'separators\034in\035dir/sep'' \
+			     '$'separators\034in\035dir/sep\036in\037file'' &&
+	test_path_completion '$'separators\034in\035dir/sep\036i'' \
+			     '$'separators\034in\035dir/sep\036in\037file''
+'
+
+test_expect_success FUNNYNAMES \
+    '__git_complete_index_file - removing repeated quoted path components' '
+	test_when_finished rm -r repeated-quoted &&
+	mkdir repeated-quoted &&      # A directory whose name in itself
+				      # would not be quoted ...
+	>repeated-quoted/0-file &&
+	>repeated-quoted/1\"file &&   # ... but here the file makes the
+				      # dirname quoted ...
+	>repeated-quoted/2-file &&
+	>repeated-quoted/3\"file &&   # ... and here, too.
+
+	# Still, we shold only list the directory name only once.
+	test_path_completion repeated repeated-quoted
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'teardown after path completion tests' '
+	rm -rf simple-dir "spaces in dir" árvíztűrő \
+	       BS\\dir '$'separators\034in\035dir''
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success '__git_get_config_variables' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	name-1
+	name-2
+	EOF
+	test_config interesting.name-1 good &&
+	test_config interesting.name-2 good &&
+	test_config subsection.interesting.name-3 bad &&
+	__git_get_config_variables interesting >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__git_pretty_aliases' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	author
+	hash
+	EOF
+	test_config pretty.author "%an %ae" &&
+	test_config pretty.hash %H &&
+	__git_pretty_aliases >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -405,14 +1422,20 @@ test_expect_success 'double dash "git" itself' '
 test_expect_success 'double dash "git checkout"' '
 	test_completion "git checkout --" <<-\EOF
 	--quiet Z
+	--detach Z
+	--track Z
+	--orphan=Z
 	--ours Z
 	--theirs Z
-	--track Z
-	--no-track Z
 	--merge Z
-	--conflict=
-	--orphan Z
+	--conflict=Z
 	--patch Z
+	--ignore-skip-worktree-bits Z
+	--ignore-other-worktrees Z
+	--recurse-submodules Z
+	--progress Z
+	--no-quiet Z
+	--no-... Z
 	EOF
 '
 
@@ -446,7 +1469,12 @@ test_expect_success 'general options plus command' '
 	test_completion "git --namespace=foo check" "checkout " &&
 	test_completion "git --paginate check" "checkout " &&
 	test_completion "git --info-path check" "checkout " &&
-	test_completion "git --no-replace-objects check" "checkout "
+	test_completion "git --no-replace-objects check" "checkout " &&
+	test_completion "git --git-dir some/path check" "checkout " &&
+	test_completion "git -c conf.var=value check" "checkout " &&
+	test_completion "git -C some/path check" "checkout " &&
+	test_completion "git --work-tree some/path check" "checkout " &&
+	test_completion "git --namespace name/space check" "checkout "
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git --help completion' '
@@ -454,10 +1482,10 @@ test_expect_success 'git --help completion' '
 	test_completion "git --help core" "core-tutorial "
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'setup for ref completion' '
+test_expect_success 'setup for integration tests' '
 	echo content >file1 &&
 	echo more >file2 &&
-	git add . &&
+	git add file1 file2 &&
 	git commit -m one &&
 	git branch mybranch &&
 	git tag mytag
@@ -471,6 +1499,12 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout completes ref names' '
 	EOF
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git -C <path> checkout uses the right repo' '
+	test_completion "git -C subdir -C subsubdir -C .. -C ../otherrepo checkout b" <<-\EOF
+	branch-in-other Z
+	EOF
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'show completes all refs' '
 	test_completion "git show m" <<-\EOF
 	master Z
@@ -488,7 +1522,7 @@ test_expect_success '<ref>: completes paths' '
 
 test_expect_success 'complete tree filename with spaces' '
 	echo content >"name with spaces" &&
-	git add . &&
+	git add "name with spaces" &&
 	git commit -m spaces &&
 	test_completion "git show HEAD:nam" <<-\EOF
 	name with spaces Z
@@ -497,7 +1531,7 @@ test_expect_success 'complete tree filename with spaces' '
 
 test_expect_success 'complete tree filename with metacharacters' '
 	echo content >"name with \${meta}" &&
-	git add . &&
+	git add "name with \${meta}" &&
 	git commit -m meta &&
 	test_completion "git show HEAD:nam" <<-\EOF
 	name with ${meta} Z
@@ -516,6 +1550,7 @@ test_expect_success 'complete files' '
 
 	echo "expected" > .gitignore &&
 	echo "out" >> .gitignore &&
+	echo "out_sorted" >> .gitignore &&
 
 	git add .gitignore &&
 	test_completion "git commit " ".gitignore" &&
@@ -605,6 +1640,13 @@ test_expect_success 'completion used <cmd> completion for alias: !f() { : git <c
 	EOF
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'completion without explicit _git_xxx function' '
+	test_completion "git version --" <<-\EOF
+	--build-options Z
+	--no-build-options Z
+	EOF
+'
+
 test_expect_failure 'complete with tilde expansion' '
 	git init tmp && cd tmp &&
 	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
@@ -614,4 +1656,62 @@ test_expect_failure 'complete with tilde expansion' '
 	test_completion "git add ~/tmp/" "~/tmp/file"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'setup other remote for remote reference completion' '
+	git remote add other otherrepo &&
+	git fetch other
+'
+
+for flag in -d --delete
+do
+	test_expect_success "__git_complete_remote_or_refspec - push $flag other" '
+		sed -e "s/Z$//" >expected <<-EOF &&
+		master-in-other Z
+		EOF
+		(
+			words=(git push '$flag' other ma) &&
+			cword=${#words[@]} cur=${words[cword-1]} &&
+			__git_complete_remote_or_refspec &&
+			print_comp
+		) &&
+		test_cmp expected out
+	'
+
+	test_expect_failure "__git_complete_remote_or_refspec - push other $flag" '
+		sed -e "s/Z$//" >expected <<-EOF &&
+		master-in-other Z
+		EOF
+		(
+			words=(git push other '$flag' ma) &&
+			cword=${#words[@]} cur=${words[cword-1]} &&
+			__git_complete_remote_or_refspec &&
+			print_comp
+		) &&
+		test_cmp expected out
+	'
+done
+
+test_expect_success 'sourcing the completion script clears cached commands' '
+	__git_compute_all_commands &&
+	verbose test -n "$__git_all_commands" &&
+	. "$GIT_BUILD_DIR/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash" &&
+	verbose test -z "$__git_all_commands"
+'
+
+test_expect_success !GETTEXT_POISON 'sourcing the completion script clears cached merge strategies' '
+	__git_compute_merge_strategies &&
+	verbose test -n "$__git_merge_strategies" &&
+	. "$GIT_BUILD_DIR/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash" &&
+	verbose test -z "$__git_merge_strategies"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sourcing the completion script clears cached --options' '
+	__gitcomp_builtin checkout &&
+	verbose test -n "$__gitcomp_builtin_checkout" &&
+	__gitcomp_builtin notes_edit &&
+	verbose test -n "$__gitcomp_builtin_notes_edit" &&
+	. "$GIT_BUILD_DIR/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash" &&
+	verbose test -z "$__gitcomp_builtin_checkout" &&
+	verbose test -z "$__gitcomp_builtin_notes_edit"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9903-bash-prompt.sh b/t/t9903-bash-prompt.sh
index 0c6acddc1b..81a5179e28 100755
--- a/t/t9903-bash-prompt.sh
+++ b/t/t9903-bash-prompt.sh
@@ -63,18 +63,15 @@ test_expect_success 'prompt - unborn branch' '
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
-repo_with_newline='repo
-with
-newline'
-
-if mkdir "$repo_with_newline" 2>/dev/null
-then
-	test_set_prereq FUNNYNAMES
-else
+if test_have_prereq !FUNNYNAMES; then
 	say 'Your filesystem does not allow newlines in filenames.'
 fi
 
 test_expect_success FUNNYNAMES 'prompt - with newline in path' '
+    repo_with_newline="repo
+with
+newline" &&
+	mkdir "$repo_with_newline" &&
 	printf " (master)" >expected &&
 	git init "$repo_with_newline" &&
 	test_when_finished "rm -rf \"$repo_with_newline\"" &&
@@ -107,7 +104,7 @@ test_expect_success 'prompt - describe detached head - contains' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'prompt - describe detached head - branch' '
-	printf " ((b1~1))" >expected &&
+	printf " ((tags/t2~1))" >expected &&
 	git checkout b1^ &&
 	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
 	(
@@ -148,7 +145,7 @@ test_expect_success 'prompt - inside .git directory' '
 test_expect_success 'prompt - deep inside .git directory' '
 	printf " (GIT_DIR!)" >expected &&
 	(
-		cd .git/refs/heads &&
+		cd .git/objects &&
 		__git_ps1 >"$actual"
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
@@ -177,7 +174,7 @@ test_expect_success 'prompt - interactive rebase' '
 	git checkout b1 &&
 	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD^ &&
-	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort"
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
 	__git_ps1 >"$actual" &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
@@ -273,11 +270,36 @@ test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - dirty index and worktree'
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - before root commit' '
-	printf " (master #)" >expected &&
+test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - orphan branch - clean' '
+	printf " (orphan #)" >expected &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	git checkout --orphan orphan &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE=y &&
+		__git_ps1 >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - orphan branch - dirty index' '
+	printf " (orphan +)" >expected &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	git checkout --orphan orphan &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE=y &&
+		__git_ps1 >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - orphan branch - dirty index and worktree' '
+	printf " (orphan *+)" >expected &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	git checkout --orphan orphan &&
+	>file &&
 	(
 		GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE=y &&
-		cd otherrepo &&
 		__git_ps1 >"$actual"
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
@@ -397,6 +419,42 @@ test_expect_success 'prompt - untracked files status indicator - untracked files
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'prompt - untracked files status indicator - empty untracked dir' '
+	printf " (master)" >expected &&
+	mkdir otherrepo/untracked-dir &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf otherrepo/untracked-dir" &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES=y &&
+		cd otherrepo &&
+		__git_ps1 >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - untracked files status indicator - non-empty untracked dir' '
+	printf " (master %%)" >expected &&
+	mkdir otherrepo/untracked-dir &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf otherrepo/untracked-dir" &&
+	>otherrepo/untracked-dir/untracked-file &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES=y &&
+		cd otherrepo &&
+		__git_ps1 >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - untracked files status indicator - untracked files outside cwd' '
+	printf " (master %%)" >expected &&
+	(
+		mkdir -p ignored_dir &&
+		cd ignored_dir &&
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES=y &&
+		__git_ps1 >"$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'prompt - untracked files status indicator - shell variable unset with config disabled' '
 	printf " (master)" >expected &&
 	test_config bash.showUntrackedFiles false &&
@@ -455,10 +513,9 @@ test_expect_success 'prompt - format string starting with dash' '
 
 test_expect_success 'prompt - pc mode' '
 	printf "BEFORE: (\${__git_ps1_branch_name}):AFTER\\nmaster" >expected &&
-	printf "" >expected_output &&
 	(
 		__git_ps1 "BEFORE:" ":AFTER" >"$actual" &&
-		test_cmp expected_output "$actual" &&
+		test_must_be_empty "$actual" &&
 		printf "%s\\n%s" "$PS1" "${__git_ps1_branch_name}" >"$actual"
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
@@ -468,7 +525,7 @@ test_expect_success 'prompt - bash color pc mode - branch name' '
 	printf "BEFORE: (${c_green}\${__git_ps1_branch_name}${c_clear}):AFTER\\nmaster" >expected &&
 	(
 		GIT_PS1_SHOWCOLORHINTS=y &&
-		__git_ps1 "BEFORE:" ":AFTER" >"$actual"
+		__git_ps1 "BEFORE:" ":AFTER" >"$actual" &&
 		printf "%s\\n%s" "$PS1" "${__git_ps1_branch_name}" >"$actual"
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
@@ -654,13 +711,12 @@ test_expect_success 'prompt - hide if pwd ignored - env var set, config disabled
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'prompt - hide if pwd ignored - env var set, config unset' '
-	printf "" >expected &&
 	(
 		cd ignored_dir &&
 		GIT_PS1_HIDE_IF_PWD_IGNORED=y &&
 		__git_ps1 >"$actual"
 	) &&
-	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+	test_must_be_empty "$actual"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'prompt - hide if pwd ignored - env var set, config unset, pc mode' '
@@ -674,22 +730,12 @@ test_expect_success 'prompt - hide if pwd ignored - env var set, config unset, p
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'prompt - hide if pwd ignored - inside gitdir (stdout)' '
+test_expect_success 'prompt - hide if pwd ignored - inside gitdir' '
 	printf " (GIT_DIR!)" >expected &&
 	(
 		GIT_PS1_HIDE_IF_PWD_IGNORED=y &&
 		cd .git &&
-		__git_ps1 >"$actual" 2>/dev/null
-	) &&
-	test_cmp expected "$actual"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'prompt - hide if pwd ignored - inside gitdir (stderr)' '
-	printf "" >expected &&
-	(
-		GIT_PS1_HIDE_IF_PWD_IGNORED=y &&
-		cd .git &&
-		__git_ps1 >/dev/null 2>"$actual"
+		__git_ps1 >"$actual"
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
diff --git a/t/test-lib-functions.sh b/t/test-lib-functions.sh
index 0698ce7908..4207af4077 100644
--- a/t/test-lib-functions.sh
+++ b/t/test-lib-functions.sh
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ test_decode_color () {
 		function name(n) {
 			if (n == 0) return "RESET";
 			if (n == 1) return "BOLD";
+			if (n == 7) return "REVERSE";
 			if (n == 30) return "BLACK";
 			if (n == 31) return "RED";
 			if (n == 32) return "GREEN";
@@ -81,6 +82,10 @@ test_decode_color () {
 	'
 }
 
+lf_to_nul () {
+	perl -pe 'y/\012/\000/'
+}
+
 nul_to_q () {
 	perl -pe 'y/\000/Q/'
 }
@@ -132,29 +137,53 @@ test_tick () {
 	export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
 }
 
-# Stop execution and start a shell. This is useful for debugging tests and
-# only makes sense together with "-v".
+# Stop execution and start a shell. This is useful for debugging tests.
 #
 # Be sure to remove all invocations of this command before submitting.
 
 test_pause () {
-	if test "$verbose" = t; then
-		"$SHELL_PATH" <&6 >&3 2>&4
-	else
-		error >&5 "test_pause requires --verbose"
-	fi
+	"$SHELL_PATH" <&6 >&5 2>&7
+}
+
+# Wrap git with a debugger. Adding this to a command can make it easier
+# to understand what is going on in a failing test.
+#
+# Examples:
+#     debug git checkout master
+#     debug --debugger=nemiver git $ARGS
+#     debug -d "valgrind --tool=memcheck --track-origins=yes" git $ARGS
+debug () {
+	case "$1" in
+	-d)
+		GIT_DEBUGGER="$2" &&
+		shift 2
+		;;
+	--debugger=*)
+		GIT_DEBUGGER="${1#*=}" &&
+		shift 1
+		;;
+	*)
+		GIT_DEBUGGER=1
+		;;
+	esac &&
+	GIT_DEBUGGER="${GIT_DEBUGGER}" "$@" <&6 >&5 2>&7
 }
 
-# Call test_commit with the arguments "<message> [<file> [<contents> [<tag>]]]"
+# Call test_commit with the arguments
+# [-C <directory>] <message> [<file> [<contents> [<tag>]]]"
 #
 # This will commit a file with the given contents and the given commit
 # message, and tag the resulting commit with the given tag name.
 #
 # <file>, <contents>, and <tag> all default to <message>.
+#
+# If the first argument is "-C", the second argument is used as a path for
+# the git invocations.
 
 test_commit () {
 	notick= &&
 	signoff= &&
+	indir= &&
 	while test $# != 0
 	do
 		case "$1" in
@@ -164,21 +193,26 @@ test_commit () {
 		--signoff)
 			signoff="$1"
 			;;
+		-C)
+			indir="$2"
+			shift
+			;;
 		*)
 			break
 			;;
 		esac
 		shift
 	done &&
+	indir=${indir:+"$indir"/} &&
 	file=${2:-"$1.t"} &&
-	echo "${3-$1}" > "$file" &&
-	git add "$file" &&
+	echo "${3-$1}" > "$indir$file" &&
+	git ${indir:+ -C "$indir"} add "$file" &&
 	if test -z "$notick"
 	then
 		test_tick
 	fi &&
-	git commit $signoff -m "$1" &&
-	git tag "${4:-$1}"
+	git ${indir:+ -C "$indir"} commit $signoff -m "$1" &&
+	git ${indir:+ -C "$indir"} tag "${4:-$1}"
 }
 
 # Call test_merge with the arguments "<message> <commit>", where <commit>
@@ -199,9 +233,21 @@ test_chmod () {
 	git update-index --add "--chmod=$@"
 }
 
+# Get the modebits from a file.
+test_modebits () {
+	ls -l "$1" | sed -e 's|^\(..........\).*|\1|'
+}
+
 # Unset a configuration variable, but don't fail if it doesn't exist.
 test_unconfig () {
-	git config --unset-all "$@"
+	config_dir=
+	if test "$1" = -C
+	then
+		shift
+		config_dir=$1
+		shift
+	fi
+	git ${config_dir:+-C "$config_dir"} config --unset-all "$@"
 	config_status=$?
 	case "$config_status" in
 	5) # ok, nothing to unset
@@ -213,8 +259,15 @@ test_unconfig () {
 
 # Set git config, automatically unsetting it after the test is over.
 test_config () {
-	test_when_finished "test_unconfig '$1'" &&
-	git config "$@"
+	config_dir=
+	if test "$1" = -C
+	then
+		shift
+		config_dir=$1
+		shift
+	fi
+	test_when_finished "test_unconfig ${config_dir:+-C '$config_dir'} '$1'" &&
+	git ${config_dir:+-C "$config_dir"} config "$@"
 }
 
 test_config_global () {
@@ -241,8 +294,20 @@ write_script () {
 # The single parameter is the prerequisite tag (a simple word, in all
 # capital letters by convention).
 
+test_unset_prereq () {
+	! test_have_prereq "$1" ||
+	satisfied_prereq="${satisfied_prereq% $1 *} ${satisfied_prereq#* $1 }"
+}
+
 test_set_prereq () {
-	satisfied_prereq="$satisfied_prereq$1 "
+	case "$1" in
+	!*)
+		test_unset_prereq "${1#!}"
+		;;
+	*)
+		satisfied_prereq="$satisfied_prereq$1 "
+		;;
+	esac
 }
 satisfied_prereq=" "
 lazily_testable_prereq= lazily_tested_prereq=
@@ -348,11 +413,18 @@ test_declared_prereq () {
 	return 1
 }
 
+test_verify_prereq () {
+	test -z "$test_prereq" ||
+	expr >/dev/null "$test_prereq" : '[A-Z0-9_,!]*$' ||
+	error "bug in the test script: '$test_prereq' does not look like a prereq"
+}
+
 test_expect_failure () {
 	test_start_
 	test "$#" = 3 && { test_prereq=$1; shift; } || test_prereq=
 	test "$#" = 2 ||
 	error "bug in the test script: not 2 or 3 parameters to test-expect-failure"
+	test_verify_prereq
 	export test_prereq
 	if ! test_skip "$@"
 	then
@@ -372,6 +444,7 @@ test_expect_success () {
 	test "$#" = 3 && { test_prereq=$1; shift; } || test_prereq=
 	test "$#" = 2 ||
 	error "bug in the test script: not 2 or 3 parameters to test-expect-success"
+	test_verify_prereq
 	export test_prereq
 	if ! test_skip "$@"
 	then
@@ -400,6 +473,7 @@ test_external () {
 	error >&5 "bug in the test script: not 3 or 4 parameters to test_external"
 	descr="$1"
 	shift
+	test_verify_prereq
 	export test_prereq
 	if ! test_skip "$descr" "$@"
 	then
@@ -478,7 +552,7 @@ test_external_without_stderr () {
 test_path_is_file () {
 	if ! test -f "$1"
 	then
-		echo "File $1 doesn't exist. $*"
+		echo "File $1 doesn't exist. $2"
 		false
 	fi
 }
@@ -486,7 +560,15 @@ test_path_is_file () {
 test_path_is_dir () {
 	if ! test -d "$1"
 	then
-		echo "Directory $1 doesn't exist. $*"
+		echo "Directory $1 doesn't exist. $2"
+		false
+	fi
+}
+
+test_path_exists () {
+	if ! test -e "$1"
+	then
+		echo "Path $1 doesn't exist. $2"
 		false
 	fi
 }
@@ -538,6 +620,21 @@ test_line_count () {
 	fi
 }
 
+# Returns success if a comma separated string of keywords ($1) contains a
+# given keyword ($2).
+# Examples:
+# `list_contains "foo,bar" bar` returns 0
+# `list_contains "foo" bar` returns 1
+
+list_contains () {
+	case ",$1," in
+	*,$2,*)
+		return 0
+		;;
+	esac
+	return 1
+}
+
 # This is not among top-level (test_expect_success | test_expect_failure)
 # but is a prefix that can be used in the test script, like:
 #
@@ -549,25 +646,49 @@ test_line_count () {
 #
 # Writing this as "! git checkout ../outerspace" is wrong, because
 # the failure could be due to a segv.  We want a controlled failure.
+#
+# Accepts the following options:
+#
+#   ok=<signal-name>[,<...>]:
+#     Don't treat an exit caused by the given signal as error.
+#     Multiple signals can be specified as a comma separated list.
+#     Currently recognized signal names are: sigpipe, success.
+#     (Don't use 'success', use 'test_might_fail' instead.)
 
 test_must_fail () {
-	"$@"
+	case "$1" in
+	ok=*)
+		_test_ok=${1#ok=}
+		shift
+		;;
+	*)
+		_test_ok=
+		;;
+	esac
+	"$@" 2>&7
 	exit_code=$?
-	if test $exit_code = 0; then
-		echo >&2 "test_must_fail: command succeeded: $*"
+	if test $exit_code -eq 0 && ! list_contains "$_test_ok" success
+	then
+		echo >&4 "test_must_fail: command succeeded: $*"
 		return 1
-	elif test $exit_code -gt 129 && test $exit_code -le 192; then
-		echo >&2 "test_must_fail: died by signal: $*"
+	elif test_match_signal 13 $exit_code && list_contains "$_test_ok" sigpipe
+	then
+		return 0
+	elif test $exit_code -gt 129 && test $exit_code -le 192
+	then
+		echo >&4 "test_must_fail: died by signal $(($exit_code - 128)): $*"
 		return 1
-	elif test $exit_code = 127; then
-		echo >&2 "test_must_fail: command not found: $*"
+	elif test $exit_code -eq 127
+	then
+		echo >&4 "test_must_fail: command not found: $*"
 		return 1
-	elif test $exit_code = 126; then
-		echo >&2 "test_must_fail: valgrind error: $*"
+	elif test $exit_code -eq 126
+	then
+		echo >&4 "test_must_fail: valgrind error: $*"
 		return 1
 	fi
 	return 0
-}
+} 7>&2 2>&4
 
 # Similar to test_must_fail, but tolerates success, too.  This is
 # meant to be used in contexts like:
@@ -579,19 +700,12 @@ test_must_fail () {
 #
 # Writing "git config --unset all.configuration || :" would be wrong,
 # because we want to notice if it fails due to segv.
+#
+# Accepts the same options as test_must_fail.
 
 test_might_fail () {
-	"$@"
-	exit_code=$?
-	if test $exit_code -gt 129 && test $exit_code -le 192; then
-		echo >&2 "test_might_fail: died by signal: $*"
-		return 1
-	elif test $exit_code = 127; then
-		echo >&2 "test_might_fail: command not found: $*"
-		return 1
-	fi
-	return 0
-}
+	test_must_fail ok=success "$@" 2>&7
+} 7>&2 2>&4
 
 # Similar to test_must_fail and test_might_fail, but check that a
 # given command exited with a given exit code. Meant to be used as:
@@ -603,16 +717,16 @@ test_might_fail () {
 test_expect_code () {
 	want_code=$1
 	shift
-	"$@"
+	"$@" 2>&7
 	exit_code=$?
 	if test $exit_code = $want_code
 	then
 		return 0
 	fi
 
-	echo >&2 "test_expect_code: command exited with $exit_code, we wanted $want_code $*"
+	echo >&4 "test_expect_code: command exited with $exit_code, we wanted $want_code $*"
 	return 1
-}
+} 7>&2 2>&4
 
 # test_cmp is a helper function to compare actual and expected output.
 # You can use it like:
@@ -637,12 +751,66 @@ test_cmp_bin() {
 	cmp "$@"
 }
 
+# Use this instead of test_cmp to compare files that contain expected and
+# actual output from git commands that can be translated.  When running
+# under GETTEXT_POISON this pretends that the command produced expected
+# results.
+test_i18ncmp () {
+	test -n "$GETTEXT_POISON" || test_cmp "$@"
+}
+
+# Use this instead of "grep expected-string actual" to see if the
+# output from a git command that can be translated either contains an
+# expected string, or does not contain an unwanted one.  When running
+# under GETTEXT_POISON this pretends that the command produced expected
+# results.
+test_i18ngrep () {
+	eval "last_arg=\${$#}"
+
+	test -f "$last_arg" ||
+	error "bug in the test script: test_i18ngrep requires a file" \
+	      "to read as the last parameter"
+
+	if test $# -lt 2 ||
+	   { test "x!" = "x$1" && test $# -lt 3 ; }
+	then
+		error "bug in the test script: too few parameters to test_i18ngrep"
+	fi
+
+	if test -n "$GETTEXT_POISON"
+	then
+		# pretend success
+		return 0
+	fi
+
+	if test "x!" = "x$1"
+	then
+		shift
+		! grep "$@" && return 0
+
+		echo >&4 "error: '! grep $@' did find a match in:"
+	else
+		grep "$@" && return 0
+
+		echo >&4 "error: 'grep $@' didn't find a match in:"
+	fi
+
+	if test -s "$last_arg"
+	then
+		cat >&4 "$last_arg"
+	else
+		echo >&4 "<File '$last_arg' is empty>"
+	fi
+
+	return 1
+}
+
 # Call any command "$@" but be more verbose about its
 # failure. This is handy for commands like "test" which do
 # not output anything when they fail.
 verbose () {
 	"$@" && return 0
-	echo >&2 "command failed: $(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@")"
+	echo >&4 "command failed: $(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@")"
 	return 1
 }
 
@@ -650,6 +818,7 @@ verbose () {
 # otherwise.
 
 test_must_be_empty () {
+	test_path_is_file "$1" &&
 	if test -s "$1"
 	then
 		echo "'$1' is not empty, it contains:"
@@ -665,20 +834,13 @@ test_cmp_rev () {
 	test_cmp expect.rev actual.rev
 }
 
-# Print a sequence of numbers or letters in increasing order.  This is
-# similar to GNU seq(1), but the latter might not be available
-# everywhere (and does not do letters).  It may be used like:
+# Print a sequence of integers in increasing order, either with
+# two arguments (start and end):
+#
+#     test_seq 1 5 -- outputs 1 2 3 4 5 one line at a time
 #
-#	for i in $(test_seq 100)
-#	do
-#		for j in $(test_seq 10 20)
-#		do
-#			for k in $(test_seq a z)
-#			do
-#				echo $i-$j-$k
-#			done
-#		done
-#	done
+# or with one argument (end), in which case it starts counting
+# from 1.
 
 test_seq () {
 	case $# in
@@ -686,7 +848,12 @@ test_seq () {
 	2)	;;
 	*)	error "bug in the test script: not 1 or 2 parameters to test_seq" ;;
 	esac
-	perl -le 'print for $ARGV[0]..$ARGV[1]' -- "$@"
+	test_seq_counter__=$1
+	while test "$test_seq_counter__" -le "$2"
+	do
+		echo "$test_seq_counter__"
+		test_seq_counter__=$(( $test_seq_counter__ + 1 ))
+	done
 }
 
 # This function can be used to schedule some commands to be run
@@ -713,6 +880,11 @@ test_seq () {
 # what went wrong.
 
 test_when_finished () {
+	# We cannot detect when we are in a subshell in general, but by
+	# doing so on Bash is better than nothing (the test will
+	# silently pass on other shells).
+	test "${BASH_SUBSHELL-0}" = 0 ||
+	error "bug in test script: test_when_finished does nothing in a subshell"
 	test_cleanup="{ $*
 		} && (exit \"\$eval_ret\"); eval_ret=\$?; $test_cleanup"
 }
@@ -757,8 +929,8 @@ test_write_lines () {
 }
 
 perl () {
-	command "$PERL_PATH" "$@"
-}
+	command "$PERL_PATH" "$@" 2>&7
+} 7>&2 2>&4
 
 # Is the value one of the various ways to spell a boolean true/false?
 test_normalize_bool () {
@@ -883,3 +1055,103 @@ mingw_read_file_strip_cr_ () {
 		eval "$1=\$$1\$line"
 	done
 }
+
+# Like "env FOO=BAR some-program", but run inside a subshell, which means
+# it also works for shell functions (though those functions cannot impact
+# the environment outside of the test_env invocation).
+test_env () {
+	(
+		while test $# -gt 0
+		do
+			case "$1" in
+			*=*)
+				eval "${1%%=*}=\${1#*=}"
+				eval "export ${1%%=*}"
+				shift
+				;;
+			*)
+				"$@" 2>&7
+				exit
+				;;
+			esac
+		done
+	)
+} 7>&2 2>&4
+
+# Returns true if the numeric exit code in "$2" represents the expected signal
+# in "$1". Signals should be given numerically.
+test_match_signal () {
+	if test "$2" = "$((128 + $1))"
+	then
+		# POSIX
+		return 0
+	elif test "$2" = "$((256 + $1))"
+	then
+		# ksh
+		return 0
+	fi
+	return 1
+}
+
+# Read up to "$1" bytes (or to EOF) from stdin and write them to stdout.
+test_copy_bytes () {
+	perl -e '
+		my $len = $ARGV[1];
+		while ($len > 0) {
+			my $s;
+			my $nread = sysread(STDIN, $s, $len);
+			die "cannot read: $!" unless defined($nread);
+			last unless $nread;
+			print $s;
+			$len -= $nread;
+		}
+	' - "$1"
+}
+
+# run "$@" inside a non-git directory
+nongit () {
+	test -d non-repo ||
+	mkdir non-repo ||
+	return 1
+
+	(
+		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES=$(pwd) &&
+		export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES &&
+		cd non-repo &&
+		"$@" 2>&7
+	)
+} 7>&2 2>&4
+
+# convert stdin to pktline representation; note that empty input becomes an
+# empty packet, not a flush packet (for that you can just print 0000 yourself).
+packetize() {
+	cat >packetize.tmp &&
+	len=$(wc -c <packetize.tmp) &&
+	printf '%04x%s' "$(($len + 4))" &&
+	cat packetize.tmp &&
+	rm -f packetize.tmp
+}
+
+# Parse the input as a series of pktlines, writing the result to stdout.
+# Sideband markers are removed automatically, and the output is routed to
+# stderr if appropriate.
+#
+# NUL bytes are converted to "\\0" for ease of parsing with text tools.
+depacketize () {
+	perl -e '
+		while (read(STDIN, $len, 4) == 4) {
+			if ($len eq "0000") {
+				print "FLUSH\n";
+			} else {
+				read(STDIN, $buf, hex($len) - 4);
+				$buf =~ s/\0/\\0/g;
+				if ($buf =~ s/^[\x2\x3]//) {
+					print STDERR $buf;
+				} else {
+					$buf =~ s/^\x1//;
+					print $buf;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	'
+}
diff --git a/t/test-lib.sh b/t/test-lib.sh
index 50b3d3f45d..8bb0f4348e 100644
--- a/t/test-lib.sh
+++ b/t/test-lib.sh
@@ -15,9 +15,6 @@
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/ .
 
-# Keep the original TERM for say_color
-ORIGINAL_TERM=$TERM
-
 # Test the binaries we have just built.  The tests are kept in
 # t/ subdirectory and are run in 'trash directory' subdirectory.
 if test -z "$TEST_DIRECTORY"
@@ -39,6 +36,19 @@ then
 fi
 GIT_BUILD_DIR="$TEST_DIRECTORY"/..
 
+# If we were built with ASAN, it may complain about leaks
+# of program-lifetime variables. Disable it by default to lower
+# the noise level. This needs to happen at the start of the script,
+# before we even do our "did we build git yet" check (since we don't
+# want that one to complain to stderr).
+: ${ASAN_OPTIONS=detect_leaks=0:abort_on_error=1}
+export ASAN_OPTIONS
+
+# If LSAN is in effect we _do_ want leak checking, but we still
+# want to abort so that we notice the problems.
+: ${LSAN_OPTIONS=abort_on_error=1}
+export LSAN_OPTIONS
+
 ################################################################
 # It appears that people try to run tests without building...
 "$GIT_BUILD_DIR/git" >/dev/null
@@ -57,23 +67,33 @@ case "$GIT_TEST_TEE_STARTED, $* " in
 done,*)
 	# do not redirect again
 	;;
-*' --tee '*|*' --va'*)
+*' --tee '*|*' --va'*|*' --verbose-log '*)
 	mkdir -p "$TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY/test-results"
 	BASE="$TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY/test-results/$(basename "$0" .sh)"
-	(GIT_TEST_TEE_STARTED=done ${SHELL_PATH} "$0" "$@" 2>&1;
-	 echo $? > $BASE.exit) | tee $BASE.out
-	test "$(cat $BASE.exit)" = 0
+
+	# Make this filename available to the sub-process in case it is using
+	# --verbose-log.
+	GIT_TEST_TEE_OUTPUT_FILE=$BASE.out
+	export GIT_TEST_TEE_OUTPUT_FILE
+
+	# Truncate before calling "tee -a" to get rid of the results
+	# from any previous runs.
+	>"$GIT_TEST_TEE_OUTPUT_FILE"
+
+	(GIT_TEST_TEE_STARTED=done ${TEST_SHELL_PATH} "$0" "$@" 2>&1;
+	 echo $? >"$BASE.exit") | tee -a "$GIT_TEST_TEE_OUTPUT_FILE"
+	test "$(cat "$BASE.exit")" = 0
 	exit
 	;;
 esac
 
 # For repeatability, reset the environment to known value.
+# TERM is sanitized below, after saving color control sequences.
 LANG=C
 LC_ALL=C
 PAGER=cat
 TZ=UTC
-TERM=dumb
-export LANG LC_ALL PAGER TERM TZ
+export LANG LC_ALL PAGER TZ
 EDITOR=:
 # A call to "unset" with no arguments causes at least Solaris 10
 # /usr/xpg4/bin/sh and /bin/ksh to bail out.  So keep the unsets
@@ -84,7 +104,6 @@ unset VISUAL EMAIL LANGUAGE COLUMNS $("$PERL_PATH" -e '
 	my $ok = join("|", qw(
 		TRACE
 		DEBUG
-		USE_LOOKUP
 		TEST
 		.*_TEST
 		PROVE
@@ -92,10 +111,12 @@ unset VISUAL EMAIL LANGUAGE COLUMNS $("$PERL_PATH" -e '
 		UNZIP
 		PERF_
 		CURL_VERBOSE
+		TRACE_CURL
 	));
 	my @vars = grep(/^GIT_/ && !/^GIT_($ok)/o, @env);
 	print join("\n", @vars);
 ')
+unset XDG_CACHE_HOME
 unset XDG_CONFIG_HOME
 unset GITPERLLIB
 GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=author@example.com
@@ -140,9 +161,6 @@ else
 	}
 fi
 
-: ${ASAN_OPTIONS=detect_leaks=0}
-export ASAN_OPTIONS
-
 # Protect ourselves from common misconfiguration to export
 # CDPATH into the environment
 unset CDPATH
@@ -152,22 +170,25 @@ unset UNZIP
 
 case $(echo $GIT_TRACE |tr "[A-Z]" "[a-z]") in
 1|2|true)
-	echo "* warning: Some tests will not work if GIT_TRACE" \
-		"is set as to trace on STDERR ! *"
-	echo "* warning: Please set GIT_TRACE to something" \
-		"other than 1, 2 or true ! *"
+	GIT_TRACE=4
 	;;
 esac
 
 # Convenience
 #
-# A regexp to match 5 and 40 hexdigits
+# A regexp to match 5, 35 and 40 hexdigits
 _x05='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
-_x40="$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05"
+_x35="$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05"
+_x40="$_x35$_x05"
 
 # Zero SHA-1
 _z40=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
 
+OID_REGEX="$_x40"
+ZERO_OID=$_z40
+EMPTY_TREE=4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904
+EMPTY_BLOB=e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391
+
 # Line feed
 LF='
 '
@@ -176,7 +197,7 @@ LF='
 # when case-folding filenames
 u200c=$(printf '\342\200\214')
 
-export _x05 _x40 _z40 LF u200c
+export _x05 _x35 _x40 _z40 LF u200c EMPTY_TREE EMPTY_BLOB ZERO_OID OID_REGEX
 
 # Each test should start with something like this, after copyright notices:
 #
@@ -184,8 +205,14 @@ export _x05 _x40 _z40 LF u200c
 # This test checks if command xyzzy does the right thing...
 # '
 # . ./test-lib.sh
+test "x$TERM" != "xdumb" && (
+		test -t 1 &&
+		tput bold >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+		tput setaf 1 >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+		tput sgr0 >/dev/null 2>&1
+	) &&
+	color=t
 
-unset color
 while test "$#" -ne 0
 do
 	case "$1" in
@@ -202,13 +229,13 @@ do
 		}
 		run_list=$1; shift ;;
 	--run=*)
-		run_list=$(expr "z$1" : 'z[^=]*=\(.*\)'); shift ;;
+		run_list=${1#--*=}; shift ;;
 	-h|--h|--he|--hel|--help)
 		help=t; shift ;;
 	-v|--v|--ve|--ver|--verb|--verbo|--verbos|--verbose)
 		verbose=t; shift ;;
 	--verbose-only=*)
-		verbose_only=$(expr "z$1" : 'z[^=]*=\(.*\)')
+		verbose_only=${1#--*=}
 		shift ;;
 	-q|--q|--qu|--qui|--quie|--quiet)
 		# Ignore --quiet under a TAP::Harness. Saying how many tests
@@ -222,15 +249,15 @@ do
 		valgrind=memcheck
 		shift ;;
 	--valgrind=*)
-		valgrind=$(expr "z$1" : 'z[^=]*=\(.*\)')
+		valgrind=${1#--*=}
 		shift ;;
 	--valgrind-only=*)
-		valgrind_only=$(expr "z$1" : 'z[^=]*=\(.*\)')
+		valgrind_only=${1#--*=}
 		shift ;;
 	--tee)
 		shift ;; # was handled already
 	--root=*)
-		root=$(expr "z$1" : 'z[^=]*=\(.*\)')
+		root=${1#--*=}
 		shift ;;
 	--chain-lint)
 		GIT_TEST_CHAIN_LINT=1
@@ -239,8 +266,27 @@ do
 		GIT_TEST_CHAIN_LINT=0
 		shift ;;
 	-x)
-		trace=t
-		verbose=t
+		# Some test scripts can't be reliably traced  with '-x',
+		# unless the test is run with a Bash version supporting
+		# BASH_XTRACEFD (introduced in Bash v4.1).  Check whether
+		# this test is marked as such, and ignore '-x' if it
+		# isn't executed with a suitable Bash version.
+		if test -z "$test_untraceable" || {
+		     test -n "$BASH_VERSION" && {
+		       test ${BASH_VERSINFO[0]} -gt 4 || {
+			 test ${BASH_VERSINFO[0]} -eq 4 &&
+			 test ${BASH_VERSINFO[1]} -ge 1
+		       }
+		     }
+		   }
+		then
+			trace=t
+		else
+			echo >&2 "warning: ignoring -x; '$0' is untraceable without BASH_XTRACEFD"
+		fi
+		shift ;;
+	--verbose-log)
+		verbose_log=t
 		shift ;;
 	*)
 		echo "error: unknown test option '$1'" >&2; exit 1 ;;
@@ -253,9 +299,52 @@ then
 	test -z "$verbose" && verbose_only="$valgrind_only"
 elif test -n "$valgrind"
 then
+	test -z "$verbose_log" && verbose=t
+fi
+
+if test -n "$trace" && test -z "$verbose_log"
+then
 	verbose=t
 fi
 
+if test -n "$color"
+then
+	# Save the color control sequences now rather than run tput
+	# each time say_color() is called.  This is done for two
+	# reasons:
+	#   * TERM will be changed to dumb
+	#   * HOME will be changed to a temporary directory and tput
+	#     might need to read ~/.terminfo from the original HOME
+	#     directory to get the control sequences
+	# Note:  This approach assumes the control sequences don't end
+	# in a newline for any terminal of interest (command
+	# substitutions strip trailing newlines).  Given that most
+	# (all?) terminals in common use are related to ECMA-48, this
+	# shouldn't be a problem.
+	say_color_error=$(tput bold; tput setaf 1) # bold red
+	say_color_skip=$(tput setaf 4) # blue
+	say_color_warn=$(tput setaf 3) # brown/yellow
+	say_color_pass=$(tput setaf 2) # green
+	say_color_info=$(tput setaf 6) # cyan
+	say_color_reset=$(tput sgr0)
+	say_color_="" # no formatting for normal text
+	say_color () {
+		test -z "$1" && test -n "$quiet" && return
+		eval "say_color_color=\$say_color_$1"
+		shift
+		printf "%s\\n" "$say_color_color$*$say_color_reset"
+	}
+else
+	say_color() {
+		test -z "$1" && test -n "$quiet" && return
+		shift
+		printf "%s\n" "$*"
+	}
+fi
+
+TERM=dumb
+export TERM
+
 error () {
 	say_color error "error: $*"
 	GIT_EXIT_OK=t
@@ -266,6 +355,16 @@ say () {
 	say_color info "$*"
 }
 
+if test -n "$HARNESS_ACTIVE"
+then
+	if test "$verbose" = t || test -n "$verbose_only"
+	then
+		printf 'Bail out! %s\n' \
+		 'verbose mode forbidden under TAP harness; try --verbose-log'
+		exit 1
+	fi
+fi
+
 test "${test_description}" != "" ||
 error "Test script did not set test_description."
 
@@ -277,13 +376,30 @@ fi
 
 exec 5>&1
 exec 6<&0
-if test "$verbose" = "t"
+exec 7>&2
+if test "$verbose_log" = "t"
+then
+	exec 3>>"$GIT_TEST_TEE_OUTPUT_FILE" 4>&3
+elif test "$verbose" = "t"
 then
 	exec 4>&2 3>&1
 else
 	exec 4>/dev/null 3>/dev/null
 fi
 
+# Send any "-x" output directly to stderr to avoid polluting tests
+# which capture stderr. We can do this unconditionally since it
+# has no effect if tracing isn't turned on.
+#
+# Note that this sets up the trace fd as soon as we assign the variable, so it
+# must come after the creation of descriptor 4 above. Likewise, we must never
+# unset this, as it has the side effect of closing descriptor 4, which we
+# use to show verbose tests to the user.
+#
+# Note also that we don't need or want to export it. The tracing is local to
+# this shell, and we would not want to influence any shells we exec.
+BASH_XTRACEFD=4
+
 test_failure=0
 test_count=0
 test_fixed=0
@@ -305,6 +421,7 @@ die () {
 
 GIT_EXIT_OK=
 trap 'die' EXIT
+trap 'exit $?' INT
 
 # The user-facing functions are loaded from a separate file so that
 # test_perf subshells can have them too
@@ -492,6 +609,12 @@ maybe_setup_valgrind () {
 	fi
 }
 
+want_trace () {
+	test "$trace" = t && {
+		test "$verbose" = t || test "$verbose_log" = t
+	}
+}
+
 # This is a separate function because some tests use
 # "return" to end a test_expect_success block early
 # (and we want to make sure we run any cleanup like
@@ -499,31 +622,45 @@ maybe_setup_valgrind () {
 test_eval_inner_ () {
 	# Do not add anything extra (including LF) after '$*'
 	eval "
-		test \"$trace\" = t && set -x
+		want_trace && set -x
 		$*"
 }
 
 test_eval_ () {
-	# We run this block with stderr redirected to avoid extra cruft
-	# during a "-x" trace. Once in "set -x" mode, we cannot prevent
+	# If "-x" tracing is in effect, then we want to avoid polluting stderr
+	# with non-test commands. But once in "set -x" mode, we cannot prevent
 	# the shell from printing the "set +x" to turn it off (nor the saving
 	# of $? before that). But we can make sure that the output goes to
 	# /dev/null.
 	#
-	# The test itself is run with stderr put back to &4 (so either to
-	# /dev/null, or to the original stderr if --verbose was used).
+	# There are a few subtleties here:
+	#
+	#   - we have to redirect descriptor 4 in addition to 2, to cover
+	#     BASH_XTRACEFD
+	#
+	#   - the actual eval has to come before the redirection block (since
+	#     it needs to see descriptor 4 to set up its stderr)
+	#
+	#   - likewise, any error message we print must be outside the block to
+	#     access descriptor 4
+	#
+	#   - checking $? has to come immediately after the eval, but it must
+	#     be _inside_ the block to avoid polluting the "set -x" output
+	#
+
+	test_eval_inner_ "$@" </dev/null >&3 2>&4
 	{
-		test_eval_inner_ "$@" </dev/null >&3 2>&4
 		test_eval_ret_=$?
-		if test "$trace" = t
+		if want_trace
 		then
 			set +x
-			if test "$test_eval_ret_" != 0
-			then
-				say_color error >&4 "error: last command exited with \$?=$test_eval_ret_"
-			fi
 		fi
-	} 2>/dev/null
+	} 2>/dev/null 4>&2
+
+	if test "$test_eval_ret_" != 0 && want_trace
+	then
+		say_color error >&4 "error: last command exited with \$?=$test_eval_ret_"
+	fi
 	return $test_eval_ret_
 }
 
@@ -531,13 +668,19 @@ test_run_ () {
 	test_cleanup=:
 	expecting_failure=$2
 
-	if test "${GIT_TEST_CHAIN_LINT:-0}" != 0; then
+	if test "${GIT_TEST_CHAIN_LINT:-1}" != 0; then
+		# turn off tracing for this test-eval, as it simply creates
+		# confusing noise in the "-x" output
+		trace_tmp=$trace
+		trace=
 		# 117 is magic because it is unlikely to match the exit
 		# code of other programs
-		test_eval_ "(exit 117) && $1"
-		if test "$?" != 117; then
-			error "bug in the test script: broken &&-chain: $1"
+		if $(printf '%s\n' "$1" | sed -f "$GIT_BUILD_DIR/t/chainlint.sed" | grep -q '?![A-Z][A-Z]*?!') ||
+			test "OK-117" != "$(test_eval_ "(exit 117) && $1${LF}${LF}echo OK-\$?" 3>&1)"
+		then
+			error "bug in the test script: broken &&-chain or run-away HERE-DOC: $1"
 		fi
+		trace=$trace_tmp
 	fi
 
 	setup_malloc_check
@@ -623,9 +766,9 @@ test_done () {
 		test_results_dir="$TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY/test-results"
 		mkdir -p "$test_results_dir"
 		base=${0##*/}
-		test_results_path="$test_results_dir/${base%.sh}-$$.counts"
+		test_results_path="$test_results_dir/${base%.sh}.counts"
 
-		cat >>"$test_results_path" <<-EOF
+		cat >"$test_results_path" <<-EOF
 		total $test_count
 		success $test_success
 		fixed $test_fixed
@@ -653,26 +796,36 @@ test_done () {
 	fi
 	case "$test_failure" in
 	0)
-		# Maybe print SKIP message
-		if test -n "$skip_all" && test $test_count -gt 0
-		then
-			error "Can't use skip_all after running some tests"
-		fi
-		test -z "$skip_all" || skip_all=" # SKIP $skip_all"
-
 		if test $test_external_has_tap -eq 0
 		then
 			if test $test_remaining -gt 0
 			then
 				say_color pass "# passed all $msg"
 			fi
-			say "1..$test_count$skip_all"
+
+			# Maybe print SKIP message
+			test -z "$skip_all" || skip_all="# SKIP $skip_all"
+			case "$test_count" in
+			0)
+				say "1..$test_count${skip_all:+ $skip_all}"
+				;;
+			*)
+				test -z "$skip_all" ||
+				say_color warn "$skip_all"
+				say "1..$test_count"
+				;;
+			esac
 		fi
 
-		test -d "$remove_trash" &&
-		cd "$(dirname "$remove_trash")" &&
-		rm -rf "$(basename "$remove_trash")"
+		if test -z "$debug"
+		then
+			test -d "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" ||
+			error "Tests passed but trash directory already removed before test cleanup; aborting"
 
+			cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/.." &&
+			rm -fr "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" ||
+			error "Tests passed but test cleanup failed; aborting"
+		fi
 		test_at_end_hook_
 
 		exit 0 ;;
@@ -718,7 +871,14 @@ then
 		return;
 
 		base=$(basename "$1")
-		symlink_target=$GIT_BUILD_DIR/$base
+		case "$base" in
+		test-*)
+			symlink_target="$GIT_BUILD_DIR/t/helper/$base"
+			;;
+		*)
+			symlink_target="$GIT_BUILD_DIR/$base"
+			;;
+		esac
 		# do not override scripts
 		if test -x "$symlink_target" &&
 		    test ! -d "$symlink_target" &&
@@ -737,7 +897,7 @@ then
 	# override all git executables in TEST_DIRECTORY/..
 	GIT_VALGRIND=$TEST_DIRECTORY/valgrind
 	mkdir -p "$GIT_VALGRIND"/bin
-	for file in $GIT_BUILD_DIR/git* $GIT_BUILD_DIR/test-*
+	for file in $GIT_BUILD_DIR/git* $GIT_BUILD_DIR/t/helper/test-*
 	do
 		make_valgrind_symlink $file
 	done
@@ -800,16 +960,16 @@ then
 	fi
 fi
 
-GITPERLLIB="$GIT_BUILD_DIR"/perl/blib/lib:"$GIT_BUILD_DIR"/perl/blib/arch/auto/Git
+GITPERLLIB="$GIT_BUILD_DIR"/perl/build/lib
 export GITPERLLIB
 test -d "$GIT_BUILD_DIR"/templates/blt || {
 	error "You haven't built things yet, have you?"
 }
 
-if ! test -x "$GIT_BUILD_DIR"/test-chmtime
+if ! test -x "$GIT_BUILD_DIR"/t/helper/test-tool
 then
-	echo >&2 'You need to build test-chmtime:'
-	echo >&2 'Run "make test-chmtime" in the source (toplevel) directory'
+	echo >&2 'You need to build test-tool:'
+	echo >&2 'Run "make t/helper/test-tool" in the source (toplevel) directory'
 	exit 1
 fi
 
@@ -820,7 +980,6 @@ case "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" in
 /*) ;; # absolute path is good
  *) TRASH_DIRECTORY="$TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY/$TRASH_DIRECTORY" ;;
 esac
-test ! -z "$debug" || remove_trash=$TRASH_DIRECTORY
 rm -fr "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" || {
 	GIT_EXIT_OK=t
 	echo >&5 "FATAL: Cannot prepare test area"
@@ -831,52 +990,6 @@ HOME="$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
 GNUPGHOME="$HOME/gnupg-home-not-used"
 export HOME GNUPGHOME
 
-# run the tput tests *after* changing HOME (in case ncurses needs
-# ~/.terminfo for $TERM)
-test -n "${color+set}" || test "x$ORIGINAL_TERM" != "xdumb" && (
-		TERM=$ORIGINAL_TERM &&
-		export TERM &&
-		test -t 1 &&
-		tput bold >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
-		tput setaf 1 >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
-		tput sgr0 >/dev/null 2>&1
-	) &&
-	color=t
-
-if test -n "$color"
-then
-	say_color () {
-		(
-		TERM=$ORIGINAL_TERM
-		export TERM
-		case "$1" in
-		error)
-			tput bold; tput setaf 1;; # bold red
-		skip)
-			tput setaf 4;; # blue
-		warn)
-			tput setaf 3;; # brown/yellow
-		pass)
-			tput setaf 2;; # green
-		info)
-			tput setaf 6;; # cyan
-		*)
-			test -n "$quiet" && return;;
-		esac
-		shift
-		printf "%s" "$*"
-		tput sgr0
-		echo
-		)
-	}
-else
-	say_color() {
-		test -z "$1" && test -n "$quiet" && return
-		shift
-		printf "%s\n" "$*"
-	}
-fi
-
 if test -z "$TEST_NO_CREATE_REPO"
 then
 	test_create_repo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
@@ -905,14 +1018,17 @@ yes () {
 		y="$*"
 	fi
 
-	while echo "$y"
+	i=0
+	while test $i -lt 99
 	do
-		:
+		echo "$y"
+		i=$(($i+1))
 	done
 }
 
 # Fix some commands on Windows
-case $(uname -s) in
+uname_s=$(uname -s)
+case $uname_s in
 *MINGW*)
 	# Windows has its own (incompatible) sort and find
 	sort () {
@@ -921,9 +1037,6 @@ case $(uname -s) in
 	find () {
 		/usr/bin/find "$@"
 	}
-	sum () {
-		md5sum "$@"
-	}
 	# git sees Windows-style pwd
 	pwd () {
 		builtin pwd -W
@@ -953,8 +1066,11 @@ esac
 
 ( COLUMNS=1 && test $COLUMNS = 1 ) && test_set_prereq COLUMNS_CAN_BE_1
 test -z "$NO_PERL" && test_set_prereq PERL
+test -z "$NO_PTHREADS" && test_set_prereq PTHREADS
 test -z "$NO_PYTHON" && test_set_prereq PYTHON
-test -n "$USE_LIBPCRE" && test_set_prereq LIBPCRE
+test -n "$USE_LIBPCRE1$USE_LIBPCRE2" && test_set_prereq PCRE
+test -n "$USE_LIBPCRE1" && test_set_prereq LIBPCRE1
+test -n "$USE_LIBPCRE2" && test_set_prereq LIBPCRE2
 test -z "$NO_GETTEXT" && test_set_prereq GETTEXT
 
 # Can we rely on git's output in the C locale?
@@ -967,42 +1083,10 @@ else
 	test_set_prereq C_LOCALE_OUTPUT
 fi
 
-# Use this instead of test_cmp to compare files that contain expected and
-# actual output from git commands that can be translated.  When running
-# under GETTEXT_POISON this pretends that the command produced expected
-# results.
-test_i18ncmp () {
-	test -n "$GETTEXT_POISON" || test_cmp "$@"
-}
-
-# Use this instead of "grep expected-string actual" to see if the
-# output from a git command that can be translated either contains an
-# expected string, or does not contain an unwanted one.  When running
-# under GETTEXT_POISON this pretends that the command produced expected
-# results.
-test_i18ngrep () {
-	if test -n "$GETTEXT_POISON"
-	then
-	    : # pretend success
-	elif test "x!" = "x$1"
-	then
-		shift
-		! grep "$@"
-	else
-		grep "$@"
-	fi
-}
-
 test_lazy_prereq PIPE '
 	# test whether the filesystem supports FIFOs
-	case $(uname -s) in
-	CYGWIN*)
-		false
-		;;
-	*)
-		rm -f testfifo && mkfifo testfifo
-		;;
-	esac
+	test_have_prereq !MINGW,!CYGWIN &&
+	rm -f testfifo && mkfifo testfifo
 '
 
 test_lazy_prereq SYMLINKS '
@@ -1020,17 +1104,26 @@ test_lazy_prereq CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS '
 	test "$(cat CamelCase)" != good
 '
 
+test_lazy_prereq FUNNYNAMES '
+	test_have_prereq !MINGW &&
+	touch -- \
+		"FUNNYNAMES tab	embedded" \
+		"FUNNYNAMES \"quote embedded\"" \
+		"FUNNYNAMES newline
+embedded" 2>/dev/null &&
+	rm -- \
+		"FUNNYNAMES tab	embedded" \
+		"FUNNYNAMES \"quote embedded\"" \
+		"FUNNYNAMES newline
+embedded" 2>/dev/null
+'
+
 test_lazy_prereq UTF8_NFD_TO_NFC '
 	# check whether FS converts nfd unicode to nfc
 	auml=$(printf "\303\244")
 	aumlcdiar=$(printf "\141\314\210")
 	>"$auml" &&
-	case "$(echo *)" in
-	"$aumlcdiar")
-		true ;;
-	*)
-		false ;;
-	esac
+	test -f "$aumlcdiar"
 '
 
 test_lazy_prereq AUTOIDENT '
@@ -1043,6 +1136,10 @@ test_lazy_prereq EXPENSIVE '
 	test -n "$GIT_TEST_LONG"
 '
 
+test_lazy_prereq EXPENSIVE_ON_WINDOWS '
+	test_have_prereq EXPENSIVE || test_have_prereq !MINGW,!CYGWIN
+'
+
 test_lazy_prereq USR_BIN_TIME '
 	test -x /usr/bin/time
 '
@@ -1052,20 +1149,32 @@ test_lazy_prereq NOT_ROOT '
 	test "$uid" != 0
 '
 
-# On a filesystem that lacks SANITY, a file can be deleted even if
-# the containing directory doesn't have write permissions, or a file
-# can be accessed even if the containing directory doesn't have read
-# or execute permissions, causing our tests that validate that Git
-# works sensibly in such situations.
+test_lazy_prereq JGIT '
+	type jgit
+'
+
+# SANITY is about "can you correctly predict what the filesystem would
+# do by only looking at the permission bits of the files and
+# directories?"  A typical example of !SANITY is running the test
+# suite as root, where a test may expect "chmod -r file && cat file"
+# to fail because file is supposed to be unreadable after a successful
+# chmod.  In an environment (i.e. combination of what filesystem is
+# being used and who is running the tests) that lacks SANITY, you may
+# be able to delete or create a file when the containing directory
+# doesn't have write permissions, or access a file even if the
+# containing directory doesn't have read or execute permissions.
+
 test_lazy_prereq SANITY '
 	mkdir SANETESTD.1 SANETESTD.2 &&
 
 	chmod +w SANETESTD.1 SANETESTD.2 &&
 	>SANETESTD.1/x 2>SANETESTD.2/x &&
 	chmod -w SANETESTD.1 &&
+	chmod -r SANETESTD.1/x &&
 	chmod -rx SANETESTD.2 ||
 	error "bug in test sript: cannot prepare SANETESTD"
 
+	! test -r SANETESTD.1/x &&
 	! rm SANETESTD.1/x && ! test -f SANETESTD.2/x
 	status=$?
 
@@ -1075,8 +1184,50 @@ test_lazy_prereq SANITY '
 	return $status
 '
 
+test FreeBSD != $uname_s || GIT_UNZIP=${GIT_UNZIP:-/usr/local/bin/unzip}
 GIT_UNZIP=${GIT_UNZIP:-unzip}
 test_lazy_prereq UNZIP '
 	"$GIT_UNZIP" -v
 	test $? -ne 127
 '
+
+run_with_limited_cmdline () {
+	(ulimit -s 128 && "$@")
+}
+
+test_lazy_prereq CMDLINE_LIMIT '
+	test_have_prereq !MINGW,!CYGWIN &&
+	run_with_limited_cmdline true
+'
+
+run_with_limited_stack () {
+	(ulimit -s 128 && "$@")
+}
+
+test_lazy_prereq ULIMIT_STACK_SIZE '
+	test_have_prereq !MINGW,!CYGWIN &&
+	run_with_limited_stack true
+'
+
+build_option () {
+	git version --build-options |
+	sed -ne "s/^$1: //p"
+}
+
+test_lazy_prereq LONG_IS_64BIT '
+	test 8 -le "$(build_option sizeof-long)"
+'
+
+test_lazy_prereq TIME_IS_64BIT 'test-tool date is64bit'
+test_lazy_prereq TIME_T_IS_64BIT 'test-tool date time_t-is64bit'
+
+test_lazy_prereq CURL '
+	curl --version
+'
+
+# SHA1 is a test if the hash algorithm in use is SHA-1.  This is both for tests
+# which will not work with other hash algorithms and tests that work but don't
+# test anything meaningful (e.g. special values which cause short collisions).
+test_lazy_prereq SHA1 '
+	test $(git hash-object /dev/null) = e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391
+'
diff --git a/t/test-terminal.perl b/t/test-terminal.perl
index 1fb373f25b..46bf618479 100755
--- a/t/test-terminal.perl
+++ b/t/test-terminal.perl
@@ -5,15 +5,17 @@ use warnings;
 use IO::Pty;
 use File::Copy;
 
-# Run @$argv in the background with stdio redirected to $out and $err.
+# Run @$argv in the background with stdio redirected to $in, $out and $err.
 sub start_child {
-	my ($argv, $out, $err) = @_;
+	my ($argv, $in, $out, $err) = @_;
 	my $pid = fork;
 	if (not defined $pid) {
 		die "fork failed: $!"
 	} elsif ($pid == 0) {
+		open STDIN, "<&", $in;
 		open STDOUT, ">&", $out;
 		open STDERR, ">&", $err;
+		close $in;
 		close $out;
 		exec(@$argv) or die "cannot exec '$argv->[0]': $!"
 	}
@@ -49,6 +51,17 @@ sub xsendfile {
 	copy($in, $out, 4096) or $!{EIO} or die "cannot copy from child: $!";
 }
 
+sub copy_stdin {
+	my ($in) = @_;
+	my $pid = fork;
+	if (!$pid) {
+		xsendfile($in, \*STDIN);
+		exit 0;
+	}
+	close($in);
+	return $pid;
+}
+
 sub copy_stdio {
 	my ($out, $err) = @_;
 	my $pid = fork;
@@ -67,14 +80,26 @@ sub copy_stdio {
 if ($#ARGV < 1) {
 	die "usage: test-terminal program args";
 }
+$ENV{TERM} = 'vt100';
+my $master_in = new IO::Pty;
 my $master_out = new IO::Pty;
 my $master_err = new IO::Pty;
+$master_in->set_raw();
 $master_out->set_raw();
 $master_err->set_raw();
+$master_in->slave->set_raw();
 $master_out->slave->set_raw();
 $master_err->slave->set_raw();
-my $pid = start_child(\@ARGV, $master_out->slave, $master_err->slave);
+my $pid = start_child(\@ARGV, $master_in->slave, $master_out->slave, $master_err->slave);
+close $master_in->slave;
 close $master_out->slave;
 close $master_err->slave;
+my $in_pid = copy_stdin($master_in);
 copy_stdio($master_out, $master_err);
-exit(finish_child($pid));
+my $ret = finish_child($pid);
+# If the child process terminates before our copy_stdin() process is able to
+# write all of its data to $master_in, the copy_stdin() process could stall.
+# Send SIGTERM to it to ensure it terminates.
+kill 'TERM', $in_pid;
+finish_child($in_pid);
+exit($ret);
diff --git a/t/valgrind/valgrind.sh b/t/valgrind/valgrind.sh
index 42153036dc..669ebaf68b 100755
--- a/t/valgrind/valgrind.sh
+++ b/t/valgrind/valgrind.sh
@@ -1,11 +1,19 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 base=$(basename "$0")
+case "$base" in
+test-*)
+	program="$GIT_VALGRIND/../../t/helper/$base"
+	;;
+*)
+	program="$GIT_VALGRIND/../../$base"
+	;;
+esac
 
 TOOL_OPTIONS='--leak-check=no'
 
 test -z "$GIT_VALGRIND_ENABLED" &&
-exec "$GIT_VALGRIND"/../../"$base" "$@"
+exec "$program" "$@"
 
 case "$GIT_VALGRIND_MODE" in
 memcheck-fast)
@@ -29,4 +37,4 @@ exec valgrind -q --error-exitcode=126 \
 	--log-fd=4 \
 	--input-fd=4 \
 	$GIT_VALGRIND_OPTIONS \
-	"$GIT_VALGRIND"/../../"$base" "$@"
+	"$program" "$@"
diff --git a/tag.c b/tag.c
index 5b0ac62ed8..1db663d716 100644
--- a/tag.c
+++ b/tag.c
@@ -1,19 +1,84 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "tag.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "blob.h"
+#include "alloc.h"
+#include "gpg-interface.h"
+#include "packfile.h"
 
 const char *tag_type = "tag";
 
-struct object *deref_tag(struct object *o, const char *warn, int warnlen)
+static int run_gpg_verify(const char *buf, unsigned long size, unsigned flags)
 {
+	struct signature_check sigc;
+	size_t payload_size;
+	int ret;
+
+	memset(&sigc, 0, sizeof(sigc));
+
+	payload_size = parse_signature(buf, size);
+
+	if (size == payload_size) {
+		if (flags & GPG_VERIFY_VERBOSE)
+			write_in_full(1, buf, payload_size);
+		return error("no signature found");
+	}
+
+	ret = check_signature(buf, payload_size, buf + payload_size,
+				size - payload_size, &sigc);
+
+	if (!(flags & GPG_VERIFY_OMIT_STATUS))
+		print_signature_buffer(&sigc, flags);
+
+	signature_check_clear(&sigc);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int gpg_verify_tag(const struct object_id *oid, const char *name_to_report,
+		unsigned flags)
+{
+	enum object_type type;
+	char *buf;
+	unsigned long size;
+	int ret;
+
+	type = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
+	if (type != OBJ_TAG)
+		return error("%s: cannot verify a non-tag object of type %s.",
+				name_to_report ?
+				name_to_report :
+				find_unique_abbrev(oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV),
+				type_name(type));
+
+	buf = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
+	if (!buf)
+		return error("%s: unable to read file.",
+				name_to_report ?
+				name_to_report :
+				find_unique_abbrev(oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+
+	ret = run_gpg_verify(buf, size, flags);
+
+	free(buf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+struct object *deref_tag(struct repository *r, struct object *o, const char *warn, int warnlen)
+{
+	struct object_id *last_oid = NULL;
 	while (o && o->type == OBJ_TAG)
-		if (((struct tag *)o)->tagged)
-			o = parse_object(((struct tag *)o)->tagged->sha1);
-		else
+		if (((struct tag *)o)->tagged) {
+			last_oid = &((struct tag *)o)->tagged->oid;
+			o = parse_object(r, last_oid);
+		} else {
+			last_oid = NULL;
 			o = NULL;
+		}
 	if (!o && warn) {
+		if (last_oid && is_promisor_object(last_oid))
+			return NULL;
 		if (!warnlen)
 			warnlen = strlen(warn);
 		error("missing object referenced by '%.*s'", warnlen, warn);
@@ -24,7 +89,7 @@ struct object *deref_tag(struct object *o, const char *warn, int warnlen)
 struct object *deref_tag_noverify(struct object *o)
 {
 	while (o && o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
-		o = parse_object(o->sha1);
+		o = parse_object(the_repository, &o->oid);
 		if (o && o->type == OBJ_TAG && ((struct tag *)o)->tagged)
 			o = ((struct tag *)o)->tagged;
 		else
@@ -33,15 +98,16 @@ struct object *deref_tag_noverify(struct object *o)
 	return o;
 }
 
-struct tag *lookup_tag(const unsigned char *sha1)
+struct tag *lookup_tag(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
+	struct object *obj = lookup_object(r, oid->hash);
 	if (!obj)
-		return create_object(sha1, alloc_tag_node());
-	return object_as_type(obj, OBJ_TAG, 0);
+		return create_object(r, oid->hash,
+				     alloc_tag_node(r));
+	return object_as_type(r, obj, OBJ_TAG, 0);
 }
 
-static unsigned long parse_tag_date(const char *buf, const char *tail)
+static timestamp_t parse_tag_date(const char *buf, const char *tail)
 {
 	const char *dateptr;
 
@@ -54,13 +120,21 @@ static unsigned long parse_tag_date(const char *buf, const char *tail)
 		/* nada */;
 	if (buf >= tail)
 		return 0;
-	/* dateptr < buf && buf[-1] == '\n', so strtoul will stop at buf-1 */
-	return strtoul(dateptr, NULL, 10);
+	/* dateptr < buf && buf[-1] == '\n', so parsing will stop at buf-1 */
+	return parse_timestamp(dateptr, NULL, 10);
+}
+
+void release_tag_memory(struct tag *t)
+{
+	free(t->tag);
+	t->tagged = NULL;
+	t->object.parsed = 0;
+	t->date = 0;
 }
 
-int parse_tag_buffer(struct tag *item, const void *data, unsigned long size)
+int parse_tag_buffer(struct repository *r, struct tag *item, const void *data, unsigned long size)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	char type[20];
 	const char *bufptr = data;
 	const char *tail = bufptr + size;
@@ -70,11 +144,10 @@ int parse_tag_buffer(struct tag *item, const void *data, unsigned long size)
 		return 0;
 	item->object.parsed = 1;
 
-	if (size < 64)
+	if (size < GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 24)
 		return -1;
-	if (memcmp("object ", bufptr, 7) || get_sha1_hex(bufptr + 7, sha1) || bufptr[47] != '\n')
+	if (memcmp("object ", bufptr, 7) || parse_oid_hex(bufptr + 7, &oid, &bufptr) || *bufptr++ != '\n')
 		return -1;
-	bufptr += 48; /* "object " + sha1 + "\n" */
 
 	if (!starts_with(bufptr, "type "))
 		return -1;
@@ -82,18 +155,18 @@ int parse_tag_buffer(struct tag *item, const void *data, unsigned long size)
 	nl = memchr(bufptr, '\n', tail - bufptr);
 	if (!nl || sizeof(type) <= (nl - bufptr))
 		return -1;
-	strncpy(type, bufptr, nl - bufptr);
+	memcpy(type, bufptr, nl - bufptr);
 	type[nl - bufptr] = '\0';
 	bufptr = nl + 1;
 
 	if (!strcmp(type, blob_type)) {
-		item->tagged = &lookup_blob(sha1)->object;
+		item->tagged = (struct object *)lookup_blob(r, &oid);
 	} else if (!strcmp(type, tree_type)) {
-		item->tagged = &lookup_tree(sha1)->object;
+		item->tagged = (struct object *)lookup_tree(r, &oid);
 	} else if (!strcmp(type, commit_type)) {
-		item->tagged = &lookup_commit(sha1)->object;
+		item->tagged = (struct object *)lookup_commit(r, &oid);
 	} else if (!strcmp(type, tag_type)) {
-		item->tagged = &lookup_tag(sha1)->object;
+		item->tagged = (struct object *)lookup_tag(r, &oid);
 	} else {
 		error("Unknown type %s", type);
 		item->tagged = NULL;
@@ -127,16 +200,16 @@ int parse_tag(struct tag *item)
 
 	if (item->object.parsed)
 		return 0;
-	data = read_sha1_file(item->object.sha1, &type, &size);
+	data = read_object_file(&item->object.oid, &type, &size);
 	if (!data)
 		return error("Could not read %s",
-			     sha1_to_hex(item->object.sha1));
+			     oid_to_hex(&item->object.oid));
 	if (type != OBJ_TAG) {
 		free(data);
 		return error("Object %s not a tag",
-			     sha1_to_hex(item->object.sha1));
+			     oid_to_hex(&item->object.oid));
 	}
-	ret = parse_tag_buffer(item, data, size);
+	ret = parse_tag_buffer(the_repository, item, data, size);
 	free(data);
 	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/tag.h b/tag.h
index f4580aea42..e669c3e497 100644
--- a/tag.h
+++ b/tag.h
@@ -9,13 +9,15 @@ struct tag {
 	struct object object;
 	struct object *tagged;
 	char *tag;
-	unsigned long date;
+	timestamp_t date;
 };
-
-extern struct tag *lookup_tag(const unsigned char *sha1);
-extern int parse_tag_buffer(struct tag *item, const void *data, unsigned long size);
+extern struct tag *lookup_tag(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid);
+extern int parse_tag_buffer(struct repository *r, struct tag *item, const void *data, unsigned long size);
 extern int parse_tag(struct tag *item);
-extern struct object *deref_tag(struct object *, const char *, int);
+extern void release_tag_memory(struct tag *t);
+extern struct object *deref_tag(struct repository *r, struct object *, const char *, int);
 extern struct object *deref_tag_noverify(struct object *);
+extern int gpg_verify_tag(const struct object_id *oid,
+		const char *name_to_report, unsigned flags);
 
 #endif /* TAG_H */
diff --git a/tempfile.c b/tempfile.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..139ecd97f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tempfile.c
@@ -0,0 +1,321 @@
+/*
+ * State diagram and cleanup
+ * -------------------------
+ *
+ * If the program exits while a temporary file is active, we want to
+ * make sure that we remove it. This is done by remembering the active
+ * temporary files in a linked list, `tempfile_list`. An `atexit(3)`
+ * handler and a signal handler are registered, to clean up any active
+ * temporary files.
+ *
+ * Because the signal handler can run at any time, `tempfile_list` and
+ * the `tempfile` objects that comprise it must be kept in
+ * self-consistent states at all times.
+ *
+ * The possible states of a `tempfile` object are as follows:
+ *
+ * - Uninitialized. In this state the object's `on_list` field must be
+ *   zero but the rest of its contents need not be initialized. As
+ *   soon as the object is used in any way, it is irrevocably
+ *   registered in `tempfile_list`, and `on_list` is set.
+ *
+ * - Active, file open (after `create_tempfile()` or
+ *   `reopen_tempfile()`). In this state:
+ *
+ *   - the temporary file exists
+ *   - `active` is set
+ *   - `filename` holds the filename of the temporary file
+ *   - `fd` holds a file descriptor open for writing to it
+ *   - `fp` holds a pointer to an open `FILE` object if and only if
+ *     `fdopen_tempfile()` has been called on the object
+ *   - `owner` holds the PID of the process that created the file
+ *
+ * - Active, file closed (after `close_tempfile_gently()`). Same
+ *   as the previous state, except that the temporary file is closed,
+ *   `fd` is -1, and `fp` is `NULL`.
+ *
+ * - Inactive (after `delete_tempfile()`, `rename_tempfile()`, or a
+ *   failed attempt to create a temporary file). In this state:
+ *
+ *   - `active` is unset
+ *   - `filename` is empty (usually, though there are transitory
+ *     states in which this condition doesn't hold). Client code should
+ *     *not* rely on the filename being empty in this state.
+ *   - `fd` is -1 and `fp` is `NULL`
+ *   - the object is removed from `tempfile_list` (but could be used again)
+ *
+ * A temporary file is owned by the process that created it. The
+ * `tempfile` has an `owner` field that records the owner's PID. This
+ * field is used to prevent a forked process from deleting a temporary
+ * file created by its parent.
+ */
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "tempfile.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
+
+static VOLATILE_LIST_HEAD(tempfile_list);
+
+static void remove_tempfiles(int in_signal_handler)
+{
+	pid_t me = getpid();
+	volatile struct volatile_list_head *pos;
+
+	list_for_each(pos, &tempfile_list) {
+		struct tempfile *p = list_entry(pos, struct tempfile, list);
+
+		if (!is_tempfile_active(p) || p->owner != me)
+			continue;
+
+		if (p->fd >= 0)
+			close(p->fd);
+
+		if (in_signal_handler)
+			unlink(p->filename.buf);
+		else
+			unlink_or_warn(p->filename.buf);
+
+		p->active = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+static void remove_tempfiles_on_exit(void)
+{
+	remove_tempfiles(0);
+}
+
+static void remove_tempfiles_on_signal(int signo)
+{
+	remove_tempfiles(1);
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
+	raise(signo);
+}
+
+static struct tempfile *new_tempfile(void)
+{
+	struct tempfile *tempfile = xmalloc(sizeof(*tempfile));
+	tempfile->fd = -1;
+	tempfile->fp = NULL;
+	tempfile->active = 0;
+	tempfile->owner = 0;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tempfile->list);
+	strbuf_init(&tempfile->filename, 0);
+	return tempfile;
+}
+
+static void activate_tempfile(struct tempfile *tempfile)
+{
+	static int initialized;
+
+	if (is_tempfile_active(tempfile))
+		BUG("activate_tempfile called for active object");
+
+	if (!initialized) {
+		sigchain_push_common(remove_tempfiles_on_signal);
+		atexit(remove_tempfiles_on_exit);
+		initialized = 1;
+	}
+
+	volatile_list_add(&tempfile->list, &tempfile_list);
+	tempfile->owner = getpid();
+	tempfile->active = 1;
+}
+
+static void deactivate_tempfile(struct tempfile *tempfile)
+{
+	tempfile->active = 0;
+	strbuf_release(&tempfile->filename);
+	volatile_list_del(&tempfile->list);
+	free(tempfile);
+}
+
+/* Make sure errno contains a meaningful value on error */
+struct tempfile *create_tempfile(const char *path)
+{
+	struct tempfile *tempfile = new_tempfile();
+
+	strbuf_add_absolute_path(&tempfile->filename, path);
+	tempfile->fd = open(tempfile->filename.buf,
+			    O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_CLOEXEC, 0666);
+	if (O_CLOEXEC && tempfile->fd < 0 && errno == EINVAL)
+		/* Try again w/o O_CLOEXEC: the kernel might not support it */
+		tempfile->fd = open(tempfile->filename.buf,
+				    O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
+	if (tempfile->fd < 0) {
+		deactivate_tempfile(tempfile);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	activate_tempfile(tempfile);
+	if (adjust_shared_perm(tempfile->filename.buf)) {
+		int save_errno = errno;
+		error("cannot fix permission bits on %s", tempfile->filename.buf);
+		delete_tempfile(&tempfile);
+		errno = save_errno;
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	return tempfile;
+}
+
+struct tempfile *register_tempfile(const char *path)
+{
+	struct tempfile *tempfile = new_tempfile();
+	strbuf_add_absolute_path(&tempfile->filename, path);
+	activate_tempfile(tempfile);
+	return tempfile;
+}
+
+struct tempfile *mks_tempfile_sm(const char *filename_template, int suffixlen, int mode)
+{
+	struct tempfile *tempfile = new_tempfile();
+
+	strbuf_add_absolute_path(&tempfile->filename, filename_template);
+	tempfile->fd = git_mkstemps_mode(tempfile->filename.buf, suffixlen, mode);
+	if (tempfile->fd < 0) {
+		deactivate_tempfile(tempfile);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	activate_tempfile(tempfile);
+	return tempfile;
+}
+
+struct tempfile *mks_tempfile_tsm(const char *filename_template, int suffixlen, int mode)
+{
+	struct tempfile *tempfile = new_tempfile();
+	const char *tmpdir;
+
+	tmpdir = getenv("TMPDIR");
+	if (!tmpdir)
+		tmpdir = "/tmp";
+
+	strbuf_addf(&tempfile->filename, "%s/%s", tmpdir, filename_template);
+	tempfile->fd = git_mkstemps_mode(tempfile->filename.buf, suffixlen, mode);
+	if (tempfile->fd < 0) {
+		deactivate_tempfile(tempfile);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	activate_tempfile(tempfile);
+	return tempfile;
+}
+
+struct tempfile *xmks_tempfile_m(const char *filename_template, int mode)
+{
+	struct tempfile *tempfile;
+	struct strbuf full_template = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_add_absolute_path(&full_template, filename_template);
+	tempfile = mks_tempfile_m(full_template.buf, mode);
+	if (!tempfile)
+		die_errno("Unable to create temporary file '%s'",
+			  full_template.buf);
+
+	strbuf_release(&full_template);
+	return tempfile;
+}
+
+FILE *fdopen_tempfile(struct tempfile *tempfile, const char *mode)
+{
+	if (!is_tempfile_active(tempfile))
+		BUG("fdopen_tempfile() called for inactive object");
+	if (tempfile->fp)
+		BUG("fdopen_tempfile() called for open object");
+
+	tempfile->fp = fdopen(tempfile->fd, mode);
+	return tempfile->fp;
+}
+
+const char *get_tempfile_path(struct tempfile *tempfile)
+{
+	if (!is_tempfile_active(tempfile))
+		BUG("get_tempfile_path() called for inactive object");
+	return tempfile->filename.buf;
+}
+
+int get_tempfile_fd(struct tempfile *tempfile)
+{
+	if (!is_tempfile_active(tempfile))
+		BUG("get_tempfile_fd() called for inactive object");
+	return tempfile->fd;
+}
+
+FILE *get_tempfile_fp(struct tempfile *tempfile)
+{
+	if (!is_tempfile_active(tempfile))
+		BUG("get_tempfile_fp() called for inactive object");
+	return tempfile->fp;
+}
+
+int close_tempfile_gently(struct tempfile *tempfile)
+{
+	int fd;
+	FILE *fp;
+	int err;
+
+	if (!is_tempfile_active(tempfile) || tempfile->fd < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	fd = tempfile->fd;
+	fp = tempfile->fp;
+	tempfile->fd = -1;
+	if (fp) {
+		tempfile->fp = NULL;
+		if (ferror(fp)) {
+			err = -1;
+			if (!fclose(fp))
+				errno = EIO;
+		} else {
+			err = fclose(fp);
+		}
+	} else {
+		err = close(fd);
+	}
+
+	return err ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+int reopen_tempfile(struct tempfile *tempfile)
+{
+	if (!is_tempfile_active(tempfile))
+		BUG("reopen_tempfile called for an inactive object");
+	if (0 <= tempfile->fd)
+		BUG("reopen_tempfile called for an open object");
+	tempfile->fd = open(tempfile->filename.buf, O_WRONLY);
+	return tempfile->fd;
+}
+
+int rename_tempfile(struct tempfile **tempfile_p, const char *path)
+{
+	struct tempfile *tempfile = *tempfile_p;
+
+	if (!is_tempfile_active(tempfile))
+		BUG("rename_tempfile called for inactive object");
+
+	if (close_tempfile_gently(tempfile)) {
+		delete_tempfile(tempfile_p);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (rename(tempfile->filename.buf, path)) {
+		int save_errno = errno;
+		delete_tempfile(tempfile_p);
+		errno = save_errno;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	deactivate_tempfile(tempfile);
+	*tempfile_p = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void delete_tempfile(struct tempfile **tempfile_p)
+{
+	struct tempfile *tempfile = *tempfile_p;
+
+	if (!is_tempfile_active(tempfile))
+		return;
+
+	close_tempfile_gently(tempfile);
+	unlink_or_warn(tempfile->filename.buf);
+	deactivate_tempfile(tempfile);
+	*tempfile_p = NULL;
+}
diff --git a/tempfile.h b/tempfile.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..36434eb6fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tempfile.h
@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+#ifndef TEMPFILE_H
+#define TEMPFILE_H
+
+#include "list.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+/*
+ * Handle temporary files.
+ *
+ * The tempfile API allows temporary files to be created, deleted, and
+ * atomically renamed. Temporary files that are still active when the
+ * program ends are cleaned up automatically. Lockfiles (see
+ * "lockfile.h") are built on top of this API.
+ *
+ *
+ * Calling sequence
+ * ----------------
+ *
+ * The caller:
+ *
+ * * Attempts to create a temporary file by calling
+ *   `create_tempfile()`. The resources used for the temporary file are
+ *   managed by the tempfile API.
+ *
+ * * Writes new content to the file by either:
+ *
+ *   * writing to the `tempfile->fd` file descriptor
+ *
+ *   * calling `fdopen_tempfile()` to get a `FILE` pointer for the
+ *     open file and writing to the file using stdio.
+ *
+ *   Note that the file descriptor created by create_tempfile()
+ *   is marked O_CLOEXEC, so the new contents must be written by
+ *   the current process, not any spawned one.
+ *
+ * When finished writing, the caller can:
+ *
+ * * Close the file descriptor and remove the temporary file by
+ *   calling `delete_tempfile()`.
+ *
+ * * Close the temporary file and rename it atomically to a specified
+ *   filename by calling `rename_tempfile()`. This relinquishes
+ *   control of the file.
+ *
+ * * Close the file descriptor without removing or renaming the
+ *   temporary file by calling `close_tempfile_gently()`, and later call
+ *   `delete_tempfile()` or `rename_tempfile()`.
+ *
+ * After the temporary file is renamed or deleted, the `tempfile`
+ * object is no longer valid and should not be reused.
+ *
+ * If the program exits before `rename_tempfile()` or
+ * `delete_tempfile()` is called, an `atexit(3)` handler will close
+ * and remove the temporary file.
+ *
+ * If you need to close the file descriptor yourself, do so by calling
+ * `close_tempfile_gently()`. You should never call `close(2)` or `fclose(3)`
+ * yourself, otherwise the `struct tempfile` structure would still
+ * think that the file descriptor needs to be closed, and a later
+ * cleanup would result in duplicate calls to `close(2)`. Worse yet,
+ * if you close and then later open another file descriptor for a
+ * completely different purpose, then the unrelated file descriptor
+ * might get closed.
+ *
+ *
+ * Error handling
+ * --------------
+ *
+ * `create_tempfile()` returns an allocated tempfile on success or NULL
+ * on failure. On errors, `errno` describes the reason for failure.
+ *
+ * `rename_tempfile()` and `close_tempfile_gently()` return 0 on success.
+ * On failure they set `errno` appropriately and return -1.
+ * `delete_tempfile()` and `rename` (but not `close`) do their best to
+ * delete the temporary file before returning.
+ */
+
+struct tempfile {
+	volatile struct volatile_list_head list;
+	volatile sig_atomic_t active;
+	volatile int fd;
+	FILE *volatile fp;
+	volatile pid_t owner;
+	struct strbuf filename;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Attempt to create a temporary file at the specified `path`. Return
+ * a tempfile (whose "fd" member can be used for writing to it), or
+ * NULL on error. It is an error if a file already exists at that path.
+ */
+extern struct tempfile *create_tempfile(const char *path);
+
+/*
+ * Register an existing file as a tempfile, meaning that it will be
+ * deleted when the program exits. The tempfile is considered closed,
+ * but it can be worked with like any other closed tempfile (for
+ * example, it can be opened using reopen_tempfile()).
+ */
+extern struct tempfile *register_tempfile(const char *path);
+
+
+/*
+ * mks_tempfile functions
+ *
+ * The following functions attempt to create and open temporary files
+ * with names derived automatically from a template, in the manner of
+ * mkstemps(), and arrange for them to be deleted if the program ends
+ * before they are deleted explicitly. There is a whole family of such
+ * functions, named according to the following pattern:
+ *
+ *     x?mks_tempfile_t?s?m?()
+ *
+ * The optional letters have the following meanings:
+ *
+ *   x - die if the temporary file cannot be created.
+ *
+ *   t - create the temporary file under $TMPDIR (as opposed to
+ *       relative to the current directory). When these variants are
+ *       used, template should be the pattern for the filename alone,
+ *       without a path.
+ *
+ *   s - template includes a suffix that is suffixlen characters long.
+ *
+ *   m - the temporary file should be created with the specified mode
+ *       (otherwise, the mode is set to 0600).
+ *
+ * None of these functions modify template. If the caller wants to
+ * know the (absolute) path of the file that was created, it can be
+ * read from tempfile->filename.
+ *
+ * On success, the functions return a tempfile whose "fd" member is open
+ * for writing the temporary file. On errors, they return NULL and set
+ * errno appropriately (except for the "x" variants, which die() on
+ * errors).
+ */
+
+/* See "mks_tempfile functions" above. */
+extern struct tempfile *mks_tempfile_sm(const char *filename_template,
+					int suffixlen, int mode);
+
+/* See "mks_tempfile functions" above. */
+static inline struct tempfile *mks_tempfile_s(const char *filename_template,
+					      int suffixlen)
+{
+	return mks_tempfile_sm(filename_template, suffixlen, 0600);
+}
+
+/* See "mks_tempfile functions" above. */
+static inline struct tempfile *mks_tempfile_m(const char *filename_template, int mode)
+{
+	return mks_tempfile_sm(filename_template, 0, mode);
+}
+
+/* See "mks_tempfile functions" above. */
+static inline struct tempfile *mks_tempfile(const char *filename_template)
+{
+	return mks_tempfile_sm(filename_template, 0, 0600);
+}
+
+/* See "mks_tempfile functions" above. */
+extern struct tempfile *mks_tempfile_tsm(const char *filename_template,
+					 int suffixlen, int mode);
+
+/* See "mks_tempfile functions" above. */
+static inline struct tempfile *mks_tempfile_ts(const char *filename_template,
+					       int suffixlen)
+{
+	return mks_tempfile_tsm(filename_template, suffixlen, 0600);
+}
+
+/* See "mks_tempfile functions" above. */
+static inline struct tempfile *mks_tempfile_tm(const char *filename_template, int mode)
+{
+	return mks_tempfile_tsm(filename_template, 0, mode);
+}
+
+/* See "mks_tempfile functions" above. */
+static inline struct tempfile *mks_tempfile_t(const char *filename_template)
+{
+	return mks_tempfile_tsm(filename_template, 0, 0600);
+}
+
+/* See "mks_tempfile functions" above. */
+extern struct tempfile *xmks_tempfile_m(const char *filename_template, int mode);
+
+/* See "mks_tempfile functions" above. */
+static inline struct tempfile *xmks_tempfile(const char *filename_template)
+{
+	return xmks_tempfile_m(filename_template, 0600);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Associate a stdio stream with the temporary file (which must still
+ * be open). Return `NULL` (*without* deleting the file) on error. The
+ * stream is closed automatically when `close_tempfile_gently()` is called or
+ * when the file is deleted or renamed.
+ */
+extern FILE *fdopen_tempfile(struct tempfile *tempfile, const char *mode);
+
+static inline int is_tempfile_active(struct tempfile *tempfile)
+{
+	return tempfile && tempfile->active;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the path of the lockfile. The return value is a pointer to a
+ * field within the lock_file object and should not be freed.
+ */
+extern const char *get_tempfile_path(struct tempfile *tempfile);
+
+extern int get_tempfile_fd(struct tempfile *tempfile);
+extern FILE *get_tempfile_fp(struct tempfile *tempfile);
+
+/*
+ * If the temporary file is still open, close it (and the file pointer
+ * too, if it has been opened using `fdopen_tempfile()`) without
+ * deleting the file. Return 0 upon success. On failure to `close(2)`,
+ * return a negative value. Usually `delete_tempfile()` or `rename_tempfile()`
+ * should eventually be called regardless of whether `close_tempfile_gently()`
+ * succeeds.
+ */
+extern int close_tempfile_gently(struct tempfile *tempfile);
+
+/*
+ * Re-open a temporary file that has been closed using
+ * `close_tempfile_gently()` but not yet deleted or renamed. This can be used
+ * to implement a sequence of operations like the following:
+ *
+ * * Create temporary file.
+ *
+ * * Write new contents to file, then `close_tempfile_gently()` to cause the
+ *   contents to be written to disk.
+ *
+ * * Pass the name of the temporary file to another program to allow
+ *   it (and nobody else) to inspect or even modify the file's
+ *   contents.
+ *
+ * * `reopen_tempfile()` to reopen the temporary file. Make further
+ *   updates to the contents.
+ *
+ * * `rename_tempfile()` to move the file to its permanent location.
+ */
+extern int reopen_tempfile(struct tempfile *tempfile);
+
+/*
+ * Close the file descriptor and/or file pointer and remove the
+ * temporary file associated with `tempfile`. It is a NOOP to call
+ * `delete_tempfile()` for a `tempfile` object that has already been
+ * deleted or renamed.
+ */
+extern void delete_tempfile(struct tempfile **tempfile_p);
+
+/*
+ * Close the file descriptor and/or file pointer if they are still
+ * open, and atomically rename the temporary file to `path`. `path`
+ * must be on the same filesystem as the lock file. Return 0 on
+ * success. On failure, delete the temporary file and return -1, with
+ * `errno` set to the value from the failing call to `close(2)` or
+ * `rename(2)`. It is a bug to call `rename_tempfile()` for a
+ * `tempfile` object that is not currently active.
+ */
+extern int rename_tempfile(struct tempfile **tempfile_p, const char *path);
+
+#endif /* TEMPFILE_H */
diff --git a/templates/hooks--applypatch-msg.sample b/templates/hooks--applypatch-msg.sample
index 8b2a2fe84f..a5d7b84a67 100755
--- a/templates/hooks--applypatch-msg.sample
+++ b/templates/hooks--applypatch-msg.sample
@@ -10,6 +10,6 @@
 # To enable this hook, rename this file to "applypatch-msg".
 
 . git-sh-setup
-test -x "$GIT_DIR/hooks/commit-msg" &&
-	exec "$GIT_DIR/hooks/commit-msg" ${1+"$@"}
+commitmsg="$(git rev-parse --git-path hooks/commit-msg)"
+test -x "$commitmsg" && exec "$commitmsg" ${1+"$@"}
 :
diff --git a/templates/hooks--fsmonitor-watchman.sample b/templates/hooks--fsmonitor-watchman.sample
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e673bb3980
--- /dev/null
+++ b/templates/hooks--fsmonitor-watchman.sample
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use IPC::Open2;
+
+# An example hook script to integrate Watchman
+# (https://facebook.github.io/watchman/) with git to speed up detecting
+# new and modified files.
+#
+# The hook is passed a version (currently 1) and a time in nanoseconds
+# formatted as a string and outputs to stdout all files that have been
+# modified since the given time. Paths must be relative to the root of
+# the working tree and separated by a single NUL.
+#
+# To enable this hook, rename this file to "query-watchman" and set
+# 'git config core.fsmonitor .git/hooks/query-watchman'
+#
+my ($version, $time) = @ARGV;
+
+# Check the hook interface version
+
+if ($version == 1) {
+	# convert nanoseconds to seconds
+	$time = int $time / 1000000000;
+} else {
+	die "Unsupported query-fsmonitor hook version '$version'.\n" .
+	    "Falling back to scanning...\n";
+}
+
+my $git_work_tree;
+if ($^O =~ 'msys' || $^O =~ 'cygwin') {
+	$git_work_tree = Win32::GetCwd();
+	$git_work_tree =~ tr/\\/\//;
+} else {
+	require Cwd;
+	$git_work_tree = Cwd::cwd();
+}
+
+my $retry = 1;
+
+launch_watchman();
+
+sub launch_watchman {
+
+	my $pid = open2(\*CHLD_OUT, \*CHLD_IN, 'watchman -j --no-pretty')
+	    or die "open2() failed: $!\n" .
+	    "Falling back to scanning...\n";
+
+	# In the query expression below we're asking for names of files that
+	# changed since $time but were not transient (ie created after
+	# $time but no longer exist).
+	#
+	# To accomplish this, we're using the "since" generator to use the
+	# recency index to select candidate nodes and "fields" to limit the
+	# output to file names only. Then we're using the "expression" term to
+	# further constrain the results.
+	#
+	# The category of transient files that we want to ignore will have a
+	# creation clock (cclock) newer than $time_t value and will also not
+	# currently exist.
+
+	my $query = <<"	END";
+		["query", "$git_work_tree", {
+			"since": $time,
+			"fields": ["name"],
+			"expression": ["not", ["allof", ["since", $time, "cclock"], ["not", "exists"]]]
+		}]
+	END
+
+	print CHLD_IN $query;
+	close CHLD_IN;
+	my $response = do {local $/; <CHLD_OUT>};
+
+	die "Watchman: command returned no output.\n" .
+	    "Falling back to scanning...\n" if $response eq "";
+	die "Watchman: command returned invalid output: $response\n" .
+	    "Falling back to scanning...\n" unless $response =~ /^\{/;
+
+	my $json_pkg;
+	eval {
+		require JSON::XS;
+		$json_pkg = "JSON::XS";
+		1;
+	} or do {
+		require JSON::PP;
+		$json_pkg = "JSON::PP";
+	};
+
+	my $o = $json_pkg->new->utf8->decode($response);
+
+	if ($retry > 0 and $o->{error} and $o->{error} =~ m/unable to resolve root .* directory (.*) is not watched/) {
+		print STDERR "Adding '$git_work_tree' to watchman's watch list.\n";
+		$retry--;
+		qx/watchman watch "$git_work_tree"/;
+		die "Failed to make watchman watch '$git_work_tree'.\n" .
+		    "Falling back to scanning...\n" if $? != 0;
+
+		# Watchman will always return all files on the first query so
+		# return the fast "everything is dirty" flag to git and do the
+		# Watchman query just to get it over with now so we won't pay
+		# the cost in git to look up each individual file.
+		print "/\0";
+		eval { launch_watchman() };
+		exit 0;
+	}
+
+	die "Watchman: $o->{error}.\n" .
+	    "Falling back to scanning...\n" if $o->{error};
+
+	binmode STDOUT, ":utf8";
+	local $, = "\0";
+	print @{$o->{files}};
+}
diff --git a/templates/hooks--pre-applypatch.sample b/templates/hooks--pre-applypatch.sample
index b1f187c2e9..4142082bcb 100755
--- a/templates/hooks--pre-applypatch.sample
+++ b/templates/hooks--pre-applypatch.sample
@@ -9,6 +9,6 @@
 # To enable this hook, rename this file to "pre-applypatch".
 
 . git-sh-setup
-test -x "$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-commit" &&
-	exec "$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-commit" ${1+"$@"}
+precommit="$(git rev-parse --git-path hooks/pre-commit)"
+test -x "$precommit" && exec "$precommit" ${1+"$@"}
 :
diff --git a/templates/hooks--pre-commit.sample b/templates/hooks--pre-commit.sample
index 68d62d5446..6a75641638 100755
--- a/templates/hooks--pre-commit.sample
+++ b/templates/hooks--pre-commit.sample
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ then
 	against=HEAD
 else
 	# Initial commit: diff against an empty tree object
-	against=4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904
+	against=$(git hash-object -t tree /dev/null)
 fi
 
 # If you want to allow non-ASCII filenames set this variable to true.
diff --git a/templates/hooks--pre-rebase.sample b/templates/hooks--pre-rebase.sample
index 053f1111c0..db5feab8a1 100755
--- a/templates/hooks--pre-rebase.sample
+++ b/templates/hooks--pre-rebase.sample
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ then
 	not_in_topic=`git rev-list "^$topic" master`
 	if test -z "$not_in_topic"
 	then
-		echo >&2 "$topic is already up-to-date with master"
+		echo >&2 "$topic is already up to date with master"
 		exit 1 ;# we could allow it, but there is no point.
 	else
 		exit 0
@@ -88,9 +88,7 @@ else
 	exit 1
 fi
 
-exit 0
-
-################################################################
+<<\DOC_END
 
 This sample hook safeguards topic branches that have been
 published from being rewound.
@@ -167,3 +165,5 @@ To compute (2):
 	git rev-list master..topic
 
 	if this is empty, it is fully merged to "master".
+
+DOC_END
diff --git a/templates/hooks--pre-receive.sample b/templates/hooks--pre-receive.sample
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a1fd29ec14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/templates/hooks--pre-receive.sample
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# An example hook script to make use of push options.
+# The example simply echoes all push options that start with 'echoback='
+# and rejects all pushes when the "reject" push option is used.
+#
+# To enable this hook, rename this file to "pre-receive".
+
+if test -n "$GIT_PUSH_OPTION_COUNT"
+then
+	i=0
+	while test "$i" -lt "$GIT_PUSH_OPTION_COUNT"
+	do
+		eval "value=\$GIT_PUSH_OPTION_$i"
+		case "$value" in
+		echoback=*)
+			echo "echo from the pre-receive-hook: ${value#*=}" >&2
+			;;
+		reject)
+			exit 1
+		esac
+		i=$((i + 1))
+	done
+fi
diff --git a/templates/hooks--prepare-commit-msg.sample b/templates/hooks--prepare-commit-msg.sample
index 86b8f227ec..318afe3fd8 100755
--- a/templates/hooks--prepare-commit-msg.sample
+++ b/templates/hooks--prepare-commit-msg.sample
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 #
 # To enable this hook, rename this file to "prepare-commit-msg".
 
-# This hook includes three examples.  The first comments out the
-# "Conflicts:" part of a merge commit.
+# This hook includes three examples. The first one removes the
+# "# Please enter the commit message..." help message.
 #
 # The second includes the output of "git diff --name-status -r"
 # into the message, just before the "git status" output.  It is
@@ -20,17 +20,23 @@
 # The third example adds a Signed-off-by line to the message, that can
 # still be edited.  This is rarely a good idea.
 
-case "$2,$3" in
-  merge,)
-    @PERL_PATH@ -i.bak -ne 's/^/# /, s/^# #/#/ if /^Conflicts/ .. /#/; print' "$1" ;;
+COMMIT_MSG_FILE=$1
+COMMIT_SOURCE=$2
+SHA1=$3
 
-# ,|template,)
-#   @PERL_PATH@ -i.bak -pe '
-#      print "\n" . `git diff --cached --name-status -r`
-#	 if /^#/ && $first++ == 0' "$1" ;;
+@PERL_PATH@ -i.bak -ne 'print unless(m/^. Please enter the commit message/..m/^#$/)' "$COMMIT_MSG_FILE"
 
-  *) ;;
-esac
+# case "$COMMIT_SOURCE,$SHA1" in
+#  ,|template,)
+#    @PERL_PATH@ -i.bak -pe '
+#       print "\n" . `git diff --cached --name-status -r`
+# 	 if /^#/ && $first++ == 0' "$COMMIT_MSG_FILE" ;;
+#  *) ;;
+# esac
 
-# SOB=$(git var GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT | sed -n 's/^\(.*>\).*$/Signed-off-by: \1/p')
-# grep -qs "^$SOB" "$1" || echo "$SOB" >> "$1"
+# SOB=$(git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT | sed -n 's/^\(.*>\).*$/Signed-off-by: \1/p')
+# git interpret-trailers --in-place --trailer "$SOB" "$COMMIT_MSG_FILE"
+# if test -z "$COMMIT_SOURCE"
+# then
+#   @PERL_PATH@ -i.bak -pe 'print "\n" if !$first_line++' "$COMMIT_MSG_FILE"
+# fi
diff --git a/templates/hooks--update.sample b/templates/hooks--update.sample
index d84758373d..80ba94135c 100755
--- a/templates/hooks--update.sample
+++ b/templates/hooks--update.sample
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# An example hook script to blocks unannotated tags from entering.
+# An example hook script to block unannotated tags from entering.
 # Called by "git receive-pack" with arguments: refname sha1-old sha1-new
 #
 # To enable this hook, rename this file to "update".
diff --git a/test-date.c b/test-date.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 94a6997a8f..0000000000
--- a/test-date.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-
-static const char *usage_msg = "\n"
-"  test-date show [time_t]...\n"
-"  test-date parse [date]...\n"
-"  test-date approxidate [date]...\n";
-
-static void show_dates(char **argv, struct timeval *now)
-{
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	for (; *argv; argv++) {
-		time_t t = atoi(*argv);
-		show_date_relative(t, 0, now, &buf);
-		printf("%s -> %s\n", *argv, buf.buf);
-	}
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
-}
-
-static void parse_dates(char **argv, struct timeval *now)
-{
-	struct strbuf result = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	for (; *argv; argv++) {
-		unsigned long t;
-		int tz;
-
-		strbuf_reset(&result);
-		parse_date(*argv, &result);
-		if (sscanf(result.buf, "%lu %d", &t, &tz) == 2)
-			printf("%s -> %s\n",
-			       *argv, show_date(t, tz, DATE_ISO8601));
-		else
-			printf("%s -> bad\n", *argv);
-	}
-	strbuf_release(&result);
-}
-
-static void parse_approxidate(char **argv, struct timeval *now)
-{
-	for (; *argv; argv++) {
-		time_t t;
-		t = approxidate_relative(*argv, now);
-		printf("%s -> %s\n", *argv, show_date(t, 0, DATE_ISO8601));
-	}
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-	struct timeval now;
-	const char *x;
-
-	x = getenv("TEST_DATE_NOW");
-	if (x) {
-		now.tv_sec = atoi(x);
-		now.tv_usec = 0;
-	}
-	else
-		gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
-
-	argv++;
-	if (!*argv)
-		usage(usage_msg);
-	if (!strcmp(*argv, "show"))
-		show_dates(argv+1, &now);
-	else if (!strcmp(*argv, "parse"))
-		parse_dates(argv+1, &now);
-	else if (!strcmp(*argv, "approxidate"))
-		parse_approxidate(argv+1, &now);
-	else
-		usage(usage_msg);
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/test-match-trees.c b/test-match-trees.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 2ef725e5ff..0000000000
--- a/test-match-trees.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "tree.h"
-
-int main(int ac, char **av)
-{
-	unsigned char hash1[20], hash2[20], shifted[20];
-	struct tree *one, *two;
-
-	if (get_sha1(av[1], hash1))
-		die("cannot parse %s as an object name", av[1]);
-	if (get_sha1(av[2], hash2))
-		die("cannot parse %s as an object name", av[2]);
-	one = parse_tree_indirect(hash1);
-	if (!one)
-		die("not a tree-ish %s", av[1]);
-	two = parse_tree_indirect(hash2);
-	if (!two)
-		die("not a tree-ish %s", av[2]);
-
-	shift_tree(one->object.sha1, two->object.sha1, shifted, -1);
-	printf("shifted: %s\n", sha1_to_hex(shifted));
-
-	exit(0);
-}
diff --git a/test-parse-options.c b/test-parse-options.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 5dabce60f3..0000000000
--- a/test-parse-options.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "parse-options.h"
-#include "string-list.h"
-
-static int boolean = 0;
-static int integer = 0;
-static unsigned long timestamp;
-static int abbrev = 7;
-static int verbose = 0, dry_run = 0, quiet = 0;
-static char *string = NULL;
-static char *file = NULL;
-static int ambiguous;
-static struct string_list list;
-
-static int length_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	printf("Callback: \"%s\", %d\n",
-		(arg ? arg : "not set"), unset);
-	if (unset)
-		return 1; /* do not support unset */
-
-	*(int *)opt->value = strlen(arg);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int number_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	*(int *)opt->value = strtol(arg, NULL, 10);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-	const char *prefix = "prefix/";
-	const char *usage[] = {
-		"test-parse-options <options>",
-		NULL
-	};
-	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOL(0, "yes", &boolean, "get a boolean"),
-		OPT_BOOL('D', "no-doubt", &boolean, "begins with 'no-'"),
-		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 'B', "no-fear", &boolean, NULL,
-		  "be brave", PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, 1 },
-		OPT_COUNTUP('b', "boolean", &boolean, "increment by one"),
-		OPT_BIT('4', "or4", &boolean,
-			"bitwise-or boolean with ...0100", 4),
-		OPT_NEGBIT(0, "neg-or4", &boolean, "same as --no-or4", 4),
-		OPT_GROUP(""),
-		OPT_INTEGER('i', "integer", &integer, "get a integer"),
-		OPT_INTEGER('j', NULL, &integer, "get a integer, too"),
-		OPT_SET_INT(0, "set23", &integer, "set integer to 23", 23),
-		OPT_DATE('t', NULL, &timestamp, "get timestamp of <time>"),
-		OPT_CALLBACK('L', "length", &integer, "str",
-			"get length of <str>", length_callback),
-		OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &file, "set file to <file>"),
-		OPT_GROUP("String options"),
-		OPT_STRING('s', "string", &string, "string", "get a string"),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "string2", &string, "str", "get another string"),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "st", &string, "st", "get another string (pervert ordering)"),
-		OPT_STRING('o', NULL, &string, "str", "get another string"),
-		OPT_NOOP_NOARG(0, "obsolete"),
-		OPT_STRING_LIST(0, "list", &list, "str", "add str to list"),
-		OPT_GROUP("Magic arguments"),
-		OPT_ARGUMENT("quux", "means --quux"),
-		OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK(&integer, "set integer to NUM",
-			number_callback),
-		{ OPTION_COUNTUP, '+', NULL, &boolean, NULL, "same as -b",
-		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NODASH },
-		{ OPTION_COUNTUP, 0, "ambiguous", &ambiguous, NULL,
-		  "positive ambiguity", PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG },
-		{ OPTION_COUNTUP, 0, "no-ambiguous", &ambiguous, NULL,
-		  "negative ambiguity", PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG },
-		OPT_GROUP("Standard options"),
-		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "be verbose"),
-		OPT__DRY_RUN(&dry_run, "dry run"),
-		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, "be quiet"),
-		OPT_END(),
-	};
-	int i;
-
-	argc = parse_options(argc, (const char **)argv, prefix, options, usage, 0);
-
-	printf("boolean: %d\n", boolean);
-	printf("integer: %u\n", integer);
-	printf("timestamp: %lu\n", timestamp);
-	printf("string: %s\n", string ? string : "(not set)");
-	printf("abbrev: %d\n", abbrev);
-	printf("verbose: %d\n", verbose);
-	printf("quiet: %s\n", quiet ? "yes" : "no");
-	printf("dry run: %s\n", dry_run ? "yes" : "no");
-	printf("file: %s\n", file ? file : "(not set)");
-
-	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
-		printf("list: %s\n", list.items[i].string);
-
-	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
-		printf("arg %02d: %s\n", i, argv[i]);
-
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/test-path-utils.c b/test-path-utils.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 3dd3744a57..0000000000
--- a/test-path-utils.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,141 +0,0 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "string-list.h"
-
-/*
- * A "string_list_each_func_t" function that normalizes an entry from
- * GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES.  If the path is unusable for some reason,
- * die with an explanation.
- */
-static int normalize_ceiling_entry(struct string_list_item *item, void *unused)
-{
-	const char *ceil = item->string;
-	int len = strlen(ceil);
-	char buf[PATH_MAX+1];
-
-	if (len == 0)
-		die("Empty path is not supported");
-	if (len > PATH_MAX)
-		die("Path \"%s\" is too long", ceil);
-	if (!is_absolute_path(ceil))
-		die("Path \"%s\" is not absolute", ceil);
-	if (normalize_path_copy(buf, ceil) < 0)
-		die("Path \"%s\" could not be normalized", ceil);
-	len = strlen(buf);
-	if (len > 1 && buf[len-1] == '/')
-		die("Normalized path \"%s\" ended with slash", buf);
-	free(item->string);
-	item->string = xstrdup(buf);
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static void normalize_argv_string(const char **var, const char *input)
-{
-	if (!strcmp(input, "<null>"))
-		*var = NULL;
-	else if (!strcmp(input, "<empty>"))
-		*var = "";
-	else
-		*var = input;
-
-	if (*var && (**var == '<' || **var == '('))
-		die("Bad value: %s\n", input);
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-	if (argc == 3 && !strcmp(argv[1], "normalize_path_copy")) {
-		char *buf = xmalloc(PATH_MAX + 1);
-		int rv = normalize_path_copy(buf, argv[2]);
-		if (rv)
-			buf = "++failed++";
-		puts(buf);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (argc >= 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "real_path")) {
-		while (argc > 2) {
-			puts(real_path(argv[2]));
-			argc--;
-			argv++;
-		}
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (argc >= 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "absolute_path")) {
-		while (argc > 2) {
-			puts(absolute_path(argv[2]));
-			argc--;
-			argv++;
-		}
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (argc == 4 && !strcmp(argv[1], "longest_ancestor_length")) {
-		int len;
-		struct string_list ceiling_dirs = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
-		char *path = xstrdup(argv[2]);
-
-		/*
-		 * We have to normalize the arguments because under
-		 * Windows, bash mangles arguments that look like
-		 * absolute POSIX paths or colon-separate lists of
-		 * absolute POSIX paths into DOS paths (e.g.,
-		 * "/foo:/foo/bar" might be converted to
-		 * "D:\Src\msysgit\foo;D:\Src\msysgit\foo\bar"),
-		 * whereas longest_ancestor_length() requires paths
-		 * that use forward slashes.
-		 */
-		if (normalize_path_copy(path, path))
-			die("Path \"%s\" could not be normalized", argv[2]);
-		string_list_split(&ceiling_dirs, argv[3], PATH_SEP, -1);
-		filter_string_list(&ceiling_dirs, 0,
-				   normalize_ceiling_entry, NULL);
-		len = longest_ancestor_length(path, &ceiling_dirs);
-		string_list_clear(&ceiling_dirs, 0);
-		free(path);
-		printf("%d\n", len);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (argc >= 4 && !strcmp(argv[1], "prefix_path")) {
-		char *prefix = argv[2];
-		int prefix_len = strlen(prefix);
-		int nongit_ok;
-		setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit_ok);
-		while (argc > 3) {
-			puts(prefix_path(prefix, prefix_len, argv[3]));
-			argc--;
-			argv++;
-		}
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (argc == 4 && !strcmp(argv[1], "strip_path_suffix")) {
-		char *prefix = strip_path_suffix(argv[2], argv[3]);
-		printf("%s\n", prefix ? prefix : "(null)");
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (argc == 3 && !strcmp(argv[1], "print_path")) {
-		puts(argv[2]);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (argc == 4 && !strcmp(argv[1], "relative_path")) {
-		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-		const char *in, *prefix, *rel;
-		normalize_argv_string(&in, argv[2]);
-		normalize_argv_string(&prefix, argv[3]);
-		rel = relative_path(in, prefix, &sb);
-		if (!rel)
-			puts("(null)");
-		else
-			puts(strlen(rel) > 0 ? rel : "(empty)");
-		strbuf_release(&sb);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown function name: %s\n", argv[0],
-		argv[1] ? argv[1] : "(there was none)");
-	return 1;
-}
diff --git a/test-regex.c b/test-regex.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 0dc598ecdc..0000000000
--- a/test-regex.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-#include "git-compat-util.h"
-
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-	char *pat = "[^={} \t]+";
-	char *str = "={}\nfred";
-	regex_t r;
-	regmatch_t m[1];
-
-	if (regcomp(&r, pat, REG_EXTENDED | REG_NEWLINE))
-		die("failed regcomp() for pattern '%s'", pat);
-	if (regexec(&r, str, 1, m, 0))
-		die("no match of pattern '%s' to string '%s'", pat, str);
-
-	/* http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=3957  */
-	if (m[0].rm_so == 3) /* matches '\n' when it should not */
-		die("regex bug confirmed: re-build git with NO_REGEX=1");
-
-	exit(0);
-}
diff --git a/test-run-command.c b/test-run-command.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 89c7de2c60..0000000000
--- a/test-run-command.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * test-run-command.c: test run command API.
- *
- * (C) 2009 Ilari Liusvaara <ilari.liusvaara@elisanet.fi>
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- */
-
-#include "git-compat-util.h"
-#include "run-command.h"
-#include <string.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-	struct child_process proc = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-
-	if (argc < 3)
-		return 1;
-	proc.argv = (const char **)argv+2;
-
-	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "start-command-ENOENT")) {
-		if (start_command(&proc) < 0 && errno == ENOENT)
-			return 0;
-		fprintf(stderr, "FAIL %s\n", argv[1]);
-		return 1;
-	}
-	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "run-command"))
-		exit(run_command(&proc));
-
-	fprintf(stderr, "check usage\n");
-	return 1;
-}
diff --git a/test-sha1-array.c b/test-sha1-array.c
deleted file mode 100644
index ddc491eff9..0000000000
--- a/test-sha1-array.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "sha1-array.h"
-
-static void print_sha1(const unsigned char sha1[20], void *data)
-{
-	puts(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-	struct sha1_array array = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
-	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	while (strbuf_getline(&line, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
-		const char *arg;
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-
-		if (skip_prefix(line.buf, "append ", &arg)) {
-			if (get_sha1_hex(arg, sha1))
-				die("not a hexadecimal SHA1: %s", arg);
-			sha1_array_append(&array, sha1);
-		} else if (skip_prefix(line.buf, "lookup ", &arg)) {
-			if (get_sha1_hex(arg, sha1))
-				die("not a hexadecimal SHA1: %s", arg);
-			printf("%d\n", sha1_array_lookup(&array, sha1));
-		} else if (!strcmp(line.buf, "clear"))
-			sha1_array_clear(&array);
-		else if (!strcmp(line.buf, "for_each_unique"))
-			sha1_array_for_each_unique(&array, print_sha1, NULL);
-		else
-			die("unknown command: %s", line.buf);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/thread-utils.c b/thread-utils.c
index 97396a75ae..a2135e0743 100644
--- a/thread-utils.c
+++ b/thread-utils.c
@@ -35,7 +35,23 @@ int online_cpus(void)
 
 	if (!pstat_getdynamic(&psd, sizeof(psd), (size_t)1, 0))
 		return (int)psd.psd_proc_cnt;
-#endif
+#elif defined(HAVE_BSD_SYSCTL) && defined(HW_NCPU)
+	int mib[2];
+	size_t len;
+	int cpucount;
+
+	mib[0] = CTL_HW;
+#  ifdef HW_AVAILCPU
+	mib[1] = HW_AVAILCPU;
+	len = sizeof(cpucount);
+	if (!sysctl(mib, 2, &cpucount, &len, NULL, 0))
+		return cpucount;
+#  endif /* HW_AVAILCPU */
+	mib[1] = HW_NCPU;
+	len = sizeof(cpucount);
+	if (!sysctl(mib, 2, &cpucount, &len, NULL, 0))
+		return cpucount;
+#endif /* defined(HAVE_BSD_SYSCTL) && defined(HW_NCPU) */
 
 #ifdef _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN
 	if ((ncpus = (long)sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN)) > 0)
diff --git a/tmp-objdir.c b/tmp-objdir.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..91c00567f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tmp-objdir.c
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "tmp-objdir.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+
+struct tmp_objdir {
+	struct strbuf path;
+	struct argv_array env;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Allow only one tmp_objdir at a time in a running process, which simplifies
+ * our signal/atexit cleanup routines.  It's doubtful callers will ever need
+ * more than one, and we can expand later if so.  You can have many such
+ * tmp_objdirs simultaneously in many processes, of course.
+ */
+static struct tmp_objdir *the_tmp_objdir;
+
+static void tmp_objdir_free(struct tmp_objdir *t)
+{
+	strbuf_release(&t->path);
+	argv_array_clear(&t->env);
+	free(t);
+}
+
+static int tmp_objdir_destroy_1(struct tmp_objdir *t, int on_signal)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if (!t)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (t == the_tmp_objdir)
+		the_tmp_objdir = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * This may use malloc via strbuf_grow(), but we should
+	 * have pre-grown t->path sufficiently so that this
+	 * doesn't happen in practice.
+	 */
+	err = remove_dir_recursively(&t->path, 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * When we are cleaning up due to a signal, we won't bother
+	 * freeing memory; it may cause a deadlock if the signal
+	 * arrived while libc's allocator lock is held.
+	 */
+	if (!on_signal)
+		tmp_objdir_free(t);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int tmp_objdir_destroy(struct tmp_objdir *t)
+{
+	return tmp_objdir_destroy_1(t, 0);
+}
+
+static void remove_tmp_objdir(void)
+{
+	tmp_objdir_destroy(the_tmp_objdir);
+}
+
+static void remove_tmp_objdir_on_signal(int signo)
+{
+	tmp_objdir_destroy_1(the_tmp_objdir, 1);
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
+	raise(signo);
+}
+
+/*
+ * These env_* functions are for setting up the child environment; the
+ * "replace" variant overrides the value of any existing variable with that
+ * "key". The "append" variant puts our new value at the end of a list,
+ * separated by PATH_SEP (which is what separate values in
+ * GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES).
+ */
+static void env_append(struct argv_array *env, const char *key, const char *val)
+{
+	struct strbuf quoted = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *old;
+
+	/*
+	 * Avoid quoting if it's not necessary, for maximum compatibility
+	 * with older parsers which don't understand the quoting.
+	 */
+	if (*val == '"' || strchr(val, PATH_SEP)) {
+		strbuf_addch(&quoted, '"');
+		quote_c_style(val, &quoted, NULL, 1);
+		strbuf_addch(&quoted, '"');
+		val = quoted.buf;
+	}
+
+	old = getenv(key);
+	if (!old)
+		argv_array_pushf(env, "%s=%s", key, val);
+	else
+		argv_array_pushf(env, "%s=%s%c%s", key, old, PATH_SEP, val);
+
+	strbuf_release(&quoted);
+}
+
+static void env_replace(struct argv_array *env, const char *key, const char *val)
+{
+	argv_array_pushf(env, "%s=%s", key, val);
+}
+
+static int setup_tmp_objdir(const char *root)
+{
+	char *path;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	path = xstrfmt("%s/pack", root);
+	ret = mkdir(path, 0777);
+	free(path);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+struct tmp_objdir *tmp_objdir_create(void)
+{
+	static int installed_handlers;
+	struct tmp_objdir *t;
+
+	if (the_tmp_objdir)
+		BUG("only one tmp_objdir can be used at a time");
+
+	t = xmalloc(sizeof(*t));
+	strbuf_init(&t->path, 0);
+	argv_array_init(&t->env);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&t->path, "%s/incoming-XXXXXX", get_object_directory());
+
+	/*
+	 * Grow the strbuf beyond any filename we expect to be placed in it.
+	 * If tmp_objdir_destroy() is called by a signal handler, then
+	 * we should be able to use the strbuf to remove files without
+	 * having to call malloc.
+	 */
+	strbuf_grow(&t->path, 1024);
+
+	if (!mkdtemp(t->path.buf)) {
+		/* free, not destroy, as we never touched the filesystem */
+		tmp_objdir_free(t);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	the_tmp_objdir = t;
+	if (!installed_handlers) {
+		atexit(remove_tmp_objdir);
+		sigchain_push_common(remove_tmp_objdir_on_signal);
+		installed_handlers++;
+	}
+
+	if (setup_tmp_objdir(t->path.buf)) {
+		tmp_objdir_destroy(t);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	env_append(&t->env, ALTERNATE_DB_ENVIRONMENT,
+		   absolute_path(get_object_directory()));
+	env_replace(&t->env, DB_ENVIRONMENT, absolute_path(t->path.buf));
+	env_replace(&t->env, GIT_QUARANTINE_ENVIRONMENT,
+		    absolute_path(t->path.buf));
+
+	return t;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Make sure we copy packfiles and their associated metafiles in the correct
+ * order. All of these ends_with checks are slightly expensive to do in
+ * the midst of a sorting routine, but in practice it shouldn't matter.
+ * We will have a relatively small number of packfiles to order, and loose
+ * objects exit early in the first line.
+ */
+static int pack_copy_priority(const char *name)
+{
+	if (!starts_with(name, "pack"))
+		return 0;
+	if (ends_with(name, ".keep"))
+		return 1;
+	if (ends_with(name, ".pack"))
+		return 2;
+	if (ends_with(name, ".idx"))
+		return 3;
+	return 4;
+}
+
+static int pack_copy_cmp(const char *a, const char *b)
+{
+	return pack_copy_priority(a) - pack_copy_priority(b);
+}
+
+static int read_dir_paths(struct string_list *out, const char *path)
+{
+	DIR *dh;
+	struct dirent *de;
+
+	dh = opendir(path);
+	if (!dh)
+		return -1;
+
+	while ((de = readdir(dh)))
+		if (de->d_name[0] != '.')
+			string_list_append(out, de->d_name);
+
+	closedir(dh);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int migrate_paths(struct strbuf *src, struct strbuf *dst);
+
+static int migrate_one(struct strbuf *src, struct strbuf *dst)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+
+	if (stat(src->buf, &st) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+		if (!mkdir(dst->buf, 0777)) {
+			if (adjust_shared_perm(dst->buf))
+				return -1;
+		} else if (errno != EEXIST)
+			return -1;
+		return migrate_paths(src, dst);
+	}
+	return finalize_object_file(src->buf, dst->buf);
+}
+
+static int migrate_paths(struct strbuf *src, struct strbuf *dst)
+{
+	size_t src_len = src->len, dst_len = dst->len;
+	struct string_list paths = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	int i;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (read_dir_paths(&paths, src->buf) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	paths.cmp = pack_copy_cmp;
+	string_list_sort(&paths);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < paths.nr; i++) {
+		const char *name = paths.items[i].string;
+
+		strbuf_addf(src, "/%s", name);
+		strbuf_addf(dst, "/%s", name);
+
+		ret |= migrate_one(src, dst);
+
+		strbuf_setlen(src, src_len);
+		strbuf_setlen(dst, dst_len);
+	}
+
+	string_list_clear(&paths, 0);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int tmp_objdir_migrate(struct tmp_objdir *t)
+{
+	struct strbuf src = STRBUF_INIT, dst = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!t)
+		return 0;
+
+	strbuf_addbuf(&src, &t->path);
+	strbuf_addstr(&dst, get_object_directory());
+
+	ret = migrate_paths(&src, &dst);
+
+	strbuf_release(&src);
+	strbuf_release(&dst);
+
+	tmp_objdir_destroy(t);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+const char **tmp_objdir_env(const struct tmp_objdir *t)
+{
+	if (!t)
+		return NULL;
+	return t->env.argv;
+}
+
+void tmp_objdir_add_as_alternate(const struct tmp_objdir *t)
+{
+	add_to_alternates_memory(t->path.buf);
+}
diff --git a/tmp-objdir.h b/tmp-objdir.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b1e45b4c75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tmp-objdir.h
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+#ifndef TMP_OBJDIR_H
+#define TMP_OBJDIR_H
+
+/*
+ * This API allows you to create a temporary object directory, advertise it to
+ * sub-processes via GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY and GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES,
+ * and then either migrate its object into the main object directory, or remove
+ * it. The library handles unexpected signal/exit death by cleaning up the
+ * temporary directory.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ *
+ *	struct tmp_objdir *t = tmp_objdir_create();
+ *	if (!run_command_v_opt_cd_env(cmd, 0, NULL, tmp_objdir_env(t)) &&
+ *	    !tmp_objdir_migrate(t))
+ *		printf("success!\n");
+ *	else
+ *		die("failed...tmp_objdir will clean up for us");
+ *
+ */
+
+struct tmp_objdir;
+
+/*
+ * Create a new temporary object directory; returns NULL on failure.
+ */
+struct tmp_objdir *tmp_objdir_create(void);
+
+/*
+ * Return a list of environment strings, suitable for use with
+ * child_process.env, that can be passed to child programs to make use of the
+ * temporary object directory.
+ */
+const char **tmp_objdir_env(const struct tmp_objdir *);
+
+/*
+ * Finalize a temporary object directory by migrating its objects into the main
+ * object database, removing the temporary directory, and freeing any
+ * associated resources.
+ */
+int tmp_objdir_migrate(struct tmp_objdir *);
+
+/*
+ * Destroy a temporary object directory, discarding any objects it contains.
+ */
+int tmp_objdir_destroy(struct tmp_objdir *);
+
+/*
+ * Add the temporary object directory as an alternate object store in the
+ * current process.
+ */
+void tmp_objdir_add_as_alternate(const struct tmp_objdir *);
+
+#endif /* TMP_OBJDIR_H */
diff --git a/trace.c b/trace.c
index 1dc5c7c912..fc623e91fd 100644
--- a/trace.c
+++ b/trace.c
@@ -18,23 +18,21 @@
  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 
+struct trace_key trace_default_key = { "GIT_TRACE", 0, 0, 0 };
+struct trace_key trace_perf_key = TRACE_KEY_INIT(PERFORMANCE);
+struct trace_key trace_setup_key = TRACE_KEY_INIT(SETUP);
+
 /* Get a trace file descriptor from "key" env variable. */
 static int get_trace_fd(struct trace_key *key)
 {
-	static struct trace_key trace_default = { "GIT_TRACE" };
 	const char *trace;
 
-	/* use default "GIT_TRACE" if NULL */
-	if (!key)
-		key = &trace_default;
-
 	/* don't open twice */
 	if (key->initialized)
 		return key->fd;
@@ -51,22 +49,19 @@ static int get_trace_fd(struct trace_key *key)
 	else if (is_absolute_path(trace)) {
 		int fd = open(trace, O_WRONLY | O_APPEND | O_CREAT, 0666);
 		if (fd == -1) {
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Could not open '%s' for tracing: %s\n"
-				"Defaulting to tracing on stderr...\n",
+			warning("could not open '%s' for tracing: %s",
 				trace, strerror(errno));
-			key->fd = STDERR_FILENO;
+			trace_disable(key);
 		} else {
 			key->fd = fd;
 			key->need_close = 1;
 		}
 	} else {
-		fprintf(stderr, "What does '%s' for %s mean?\n"
-			"If you want to trace into a file, then please set "
-			"%s to an absolute pathname (starting with /).\n"
-			"Defaulting to tracing on stderr...\n",
-			trace, key->key, key->key);
-		key->fd = STDERR_FILENO;
+		warning("unknown trace value for '%s': %s\n"
+			"         If you want to trace into a file, then please set %s\n"
+			"         to an absolute pathname (starting with /)",
+			key->key, trace, key->key);
+		trace_disable(key);
 	}
 
 	key->initialized = 1;
@@ -82,9 +77,6 @@ void trace_disable(struct trace_key *key)
 	key->need_close = 0;
 }
 
-static const char err_msg[] = "Could not trace into fd given by "
-	"GIT_TRACE environment variable";
-
 static int prepare_trace_line(const char *file, int line,
 			      struct trace_key *key, struct strbuf *buf)
 {
@@ -120,12 +112,26 @@ static int prepare_trace_line(const char *file, int line,
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static void trace_write(struct trace_key *key, const void *buf, unsigned len)
+{
+	if (write_in_full(get_trace_fd(key), buf, len) < 0) {
+		warning("unable to write trace for %s: %s",
+			key->key, strerror(errno));
+		trace_disable(key);
+	}
+}
+
+void trace_verbatim(struct trace_key *key, const void *buf, unsigned len)
+{
+	if (!trace_want(key))
+		return;
+	trace_write(key, buf, len);
+}
+
 static void print_trace_line(struct trace_key *key, struct strbuf *buf)
 {
 	strbuf_complete_line(buf);
-
-	write_or_whine_pipe(get_trace_fd(key), buf->buf, buf->len, err_msg);
-	strbuf_release(buf);
+	trace_write(key, buf->buf, buf->len);
 }
 
 static void trace_vprintf_fl(const char *file, int line, struct trace_key *key,
@@ -138,6 +144,7 @@ static void trace_vprintf_fl(const char *file, int line, struct trace_key *key,
 
 	strbuf_vaddf(&buf, format, ap);
 	print_trace_line(key, &buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
 static void trace_argv_vprintf_fl(const char *file, int line,
@@ -146,13 +153,14 @@ static void trace_argv_vprintf_fl(const char *file, int line,
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	if (!prepare_trace_line(file, line, NULL, &buf))
+	if (!prepare_trace_line(file, line, &trace_default_key, &buf))
 		return;
 
 	strbuf_vaddf(&buf, format, ap);
 
-	sq_quote_argv(&buf, argv, 0);
-	print_trace_line(NULL, &buf);
+	sq_quote_argv_pretty(&buf, argv);
+	print_trace_line(&trace_default_key, &buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
 void trace_strbuf_fl(const char *file, int line, struct trace_key *key,
@@ -165,10 +173,9 @@ void trace_strbuf_fl(const char *file, int line, struct trace_key *key,
 
 	strbuf_addbuf(&buf, data);
 	print_trace_line(key, &buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
-static struct trace_key trace_perf_key = TRACE_KEY_INIT(PERFORMANCE);
-
 static void trace_performance_vprintf_fl(const char *file, int line,
 					 uint64_t nanos, const char *format,
 					 va_list ap)
@@ -186,6 +193,7 @@ static void trace_performance_vprintf_fl(const char *file, int line,
 	}
 
 	print_trace_line(&trace_perf_key, &buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
 #ifndef HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS
@@ -194,7 +202,7 @@ void trace_printf(const char *format, ...)
 {
 	va_list ap;
 	va_start(ap, format);
-	trace_vprintf_fl(NULL, 0, NULL, format, ap);
+	trace_vprintf_fl(NULL, 0, &trace_default_key, format, ap);
 	va_end(ap);
 }
 
@@ -270,35 +278,33 @@ void trace_performance_fl(const char *file, int line, uint64_t nanos,
 
 static const char *quote_crnl(const char *path)
 {
-	static char new_path[PATH_MAX];
-	const char *p2 = path;
-	char *p1 = new_path;
+	static struct strbuf new_path = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (!path)
 		return NULL;
 
-	while (*p2) {
-		switch (*p2) {
-		case '\\': *p1++ = '\\'; *p1++ = '\\'; break;
-		case '\n': *p1++ = '\\'; *p1++ = 'n'; break;
-		case '\r': *p1++ = '\\'; *p1++ = 'r'; break;
+	strbuf_reset(&new_path);
+
+	while (*path) {
+		switch (*path) {
+		case '\\': strbuf_addstr(&new_path, "\\\\"); break;
+		case '\n': strbuf_addstr(&new_path, "\\n"); break;
+		case '\r': strbuf_addstr(&new_path, "\\r"); break;
 		default:
-			*p1++ = *p2;
+			strbuf_addch(&new_path, *path);
 		}
-		p2++;
+		path++;
 	}
-	*p1 = '\0';
-	return new_path;
+	return new_path.buf;
 }
 
 /* FIXME: move prefix to startup_info struct and get rid of this arg */
 void trace_repo_setup(const char *prefix)
 {
-	static struct trace_key key = TRACE_KEY_INIT(SETUP);
 	const char *git_work_tree;
 	char *cwd;
 
-	if (!trace_want(&key))
+	if (!trace_want(&trace_setup_key))
 		return;
 
 	cwd = xgetcwd();
@@ -309,10 +315,11 @@ void trace_repo_setup(const char *prefix)
 	if (!prefix)
 		prefix = "(null)";
 
-	trace_printf_key(&key, "setup: git_dir: %s\n", quote_crnl(get_git_dir()));
-	trace_printf_key(&key, "setup: worktree: %s\n", quote_crnl(git_work_tree));
-	trace_printf_key(&key, "setup: cwd: %s\n", quote_crnl(cwd));
-	trace_printf_key(&key, "setup: prefix: %s\n", quote_crnl(prefix));
+	trace_printf_key(&trace_setup_key, "setup: git_dir: %s\n", quote_crnl(get_git_dir()));
+	trace_printf_key(&trace_setup_key, "setup: git_common_dir: %s\n", quote_crnl(get_git_common_dir()));
+	trace_printf_key(&trace_setup_key, "setup: worktree: %s\n", quote_crnl(git_work_tree));
+	trace_printf_key(&trace_setup_key, "setup: cwd: %s\n", quote_crnl(cwd));
+	trace_printf_key(&trace_setup_key, "setup: prefix: %s\n", quote_crnl(prefix));
 
 	free(cwd);
 }
@@ -422,6 +429,6 @@ void trace_command_performance(const char **argv)
 		atexit(print_command_performance_atexit);
 
 	strbuf_reset(&command_line);
-	sq_quote_argv(&command_line, argv, 0);
+	sq_quote_argv_pretty(&command_line, argv);
 	command_start_time = getnanotime();
 }
diff --git a/trace.h b/trace.h
index ae6a332947..2b6a1bc17c 100644
--- a/trace.h
+++ b/trace.h
@@ -11,13 +11,18 @@ struct trace_key {
 	unsigned int  need_close : 1;
 };
 
+extern struct trace_key trace_default_key;
+
 #define TRACE_KEY_INIT(name) { "GIT_TRACE_" #name, 0, 0, 0 }
+extern struct trace_key trace_perf_key;
+extern struct trace_key trace_setup_key;
 
 extern void trace_repo_setup(const char *prefix);
 extern int trace_want(struct trace_key *key);
 extern void trace_disable(struct trace_key *key);
 extern uint64_t getnanotime(void);
 extern void trace_command_performance(const char **argv);
+extern void trace_verbatim(struct trace_key *key, const void *buf, unsigned len);
 
 #ifndef HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS
 
@@ -76,24 +81,42 @@ extern void trace_performance_since(uint64_t start, const char *format, ...);
  * comma, but this is non-standard.
  */
 
-#define trace_printf(...) \
-	trace_printf_key_fl(TRACE_CONTEXT, __LINE__, NULL, __VA_ARGS__)
-
-#define trace_printf_key(key, ...) \
-	trace_printf_key_fl(TRACE_CONTEXT, __LINE__, key, __VA_ARGS__)
-
-#define trace_argv_printf(argv, ...) \
-	trace_argv_printf_fl(TRACE_CONTEXT, __LINE__, argv, __VA_ARGS__)
-
-#define trace_strbuf(key, data) \
-	trace_strbuf_fl(TRACE_CONTEXT, __LINE__, key, data)
-
-#define trace_performance(nanos, ...) \
-	trace_performance_fl(TRACE_CONTEXT, __LINE__, nanos, __VA_ARGS__)
-
-#define trace_performance_since(start, ...) \
-	trace_performance_fl(TRACE_CONTEXT, __LINE__, getnanotime() - (start), \
-			     __VA_ARGS__)
+#define trace_printf_key(key, ...)					    \
+	do {								    \
+		if (trace_pass_fl(key))					    \
+			trace_printf_key_fl(TRACE_CONTEXT, __LINE__, key,   \
+					    __VA_ARGS__);		    \
+	} while (0)
+
+#define trace_printf(...) trace_printf_key(&trace_default_key, __VA_ARGS__)
+
+#define trace_argv_printf(argv, ...)					    \
+	do {								    \
+		if (trace_pass_fl(&trace_default_key))			    \
+			trace_argv_printf_fl(TRACE_CONTEXT, __LINE__,	    \
+					    argv, __VA_ARGS__);		    \
+	} while (0)
+
+#define trace_strbuf(key, data)						    \
+	do {								    \
+		if (trace_pass_fl(key))					    \
+			trace_strbuf_fl(TRACE_CONTEXT, __LINE__, key, data);\
+	} while (0)
+
+#define trace_performance(nanos, ...)					    \
+	do {								    \
+		if (trace_pass_fl(&trace_perf_key))			    \
+			trace_performance_fl(TRACE_CONTEXT, __LINE__, nanos,\
+					     __VA_ARGS__);		    \
+	} while (0)
+
+#define trace_performance_since(start, ...)				    \
+	do {								    \
+		if (trace_pass_fl(&trace_perf_key))			    \
+			trace_performance_fl(TRACE_CONTEXT, __LINE__,       \
+					     getnanotime() - (start),	    \
+					     __VA_ARGS__);		    \
+	} while (0)
 
 /* backend functions, use non-*fl macros instead */
 __attribute__((format (printf, 4, 5)))
@@ -107,6 +130,10 @@ extern void trace_strbuf_fl(const char *file, int line, struct trace_key *key,
 __attribute__((format (printf, 4, 5)))
 extern void trace_performance_fl(const char *file, int line,
 				 uint64_t nanos, const char *fmt, ...);
+static inline int trace_pass_fl(struct trace_key *key)
+{
+	return key->fd || !key->initialized;
+}
 
 #endif /* HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS */
 
diff --git a/trailer.c b/trailer.c
index 05b3859b47..4e309460d1 100644
--- a/trailer.c
+++ b/trailer.c
@@ -1,43 +1,64 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "commit.h"
+#include "tempfile.h"
 #include "trailer.h"
+#include "list.h"
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>
  */
 
-enum action_where { WHERE_END, WHERE_AFTER, WHERE_BEFORE, WHERE_START };
-enum action_if_exists { EXISTS_ADD_IF_DIFFERENT_NEIGHBOR, EXISTS_ADD_IF_DIFFERENT,
-			EXISTS_ADD, EXISTS_REPLACE, EXISTS_DO_NOTHING };
-enum action_if_missing { MISSING_ADD, MISSING_DO_NOTHING };
-
 struct conf_info {
 	char *name;
 	char *key;
 	char *command;
-	enum action_where where;
-	enum action_if_exists if_exists;
-	enum action_if_missing if_missing;
+	enum trailer_where where;
+	enum trailer_if_exists if_exists;
+	enum trailer_if_missing if_missing;
 };
 
 static struct conf_info default_conf_info;
 
 struct trailer_item {
-	struct trailer_item *previous;
-	struct trailer_item *next;
-	const char *token;
-	const char *value;
+	struct list_head list;
+	/*
+	 * If this is not a trailer line, the line is stored in value
+	 * (excluding the terminating newline) and token is NULL.
+	 */
+	char *token;
+	char *value;
+};
+
+struct arg_item {
+	struct list_head list;
+	char *token;
+	char *value;
 	struct conf_info conf;
 };
 
-static struct trailer_item *first_conf_item;
+static LIST_HEAD(conf_head);
 
 static char *separators = ":";
 
+static int configured;
+
 #define TRAILER_ARG_STRING "$ARG"
 
-static int after_or_end(enum action_where where)
+static const char *git_generated_prefixes[] = {
+	"Signed-off-by: ",
+	"(cherry picked from commit ",
+	NULL
+};
+
+/* Iterate over the elements of the list. */
+#define list_for_each_dir(pos, head, is_reverse) \
+	for (pos = is_reverse ? (head)->prev : (head)->next; \
+		pos != (head); \
+		pos = is_reverse ? pos->prev : pos->next)
+
+static int after_or_end(enum trailer_where where)
 {
 	return (where == WHERE_AFTER) || (where == WHERE_END);
 }
@@ -55,31 +76,36 @@ static size_t token_len_without_separator(const char *token, size_t len)
 	return len;
 }
 
-static int same_token(struct trailer_item *a, struct trailer_item *b)
+static int same_token(struct trailer_item *a, struct arg_item *b)
 {
-	size_t a_len = token_len_without_separator(a->token, strlen(a->token));
-	size_t b_len = token_len_without_separator(b->token, strlen(b->token));
-	size_t min_len = (a_len > b_len) ? b_len : a_len;
+	size_t a_len, b_len, min_len;
+
+	if (!a->token)
+		return 0;
+
+	a_len = token_len_without_separator(a->token, strlen(a->token));
+	b_len = token_len_without_separator(b->token, strlen(b->token));
+	min_len = (a_len > b_len) ? b_len : a_len;
 
 	return !strncasecmp(a->token, b->token, min_len);
 }
 
-static int same_value(struct trailer_item *a, struct trailer_item *b)
+static int same_value(struct trailer_item *a, struct arg_item *b)
 {
 	return !strcasecmp(a->value, b->value);
 }
 
-static int same_trailer(struct trailer_item *a, struct trailer_item *b)
+static int same_trailer(struct trailer_item *a, struct arg_item *b)
 {
 	return same_token(a, b) && same_value(a, b);
 }
 
-static inline int contains_only_spaces(const char *str)
+static inline int is_blank_line(const char *str)
 {
 	const char *s = str;
-	while (*s && isspace(*s))
+	while (*s && *s != '\n' && isspace(*s))
 		s++;
-	return !*s;
+	return !*s || *s == '\n';
 }
 
 static inline void strbuf_replace(struct strbuf *sb, const char *a, const char *b)
@@ -91,11 +117,18 @@ static inline void strbuf_replace(struct strbuf *sb, const char *a, const char *
 
 static void free_trailer_item(struct trailer_item *item)
 {
+	free(item->token);
+	free(item->value);
+	free(item);
+}
+
+static void free_arg_item(struct arg_item *item)
+{
 	free(item->conf.name);
 	free(item->conf.key);
 	free(item->conf.command);
-	free((char *)item->token);
-	free((char *)item->value);
+	free(item->token);
+	free(item->value);
 	free(item);
 }
 
@@ -108,129 +141,88 @@ static char last_non_space_char(const char *s)
 	return '\0';
 }
 
-static void print_tok_val(const char *tok, const char *val)
+static void print_tok_val(FILE *outfile, const char *tok, const char *val)
 {
-	char c = last_non_space_char(tok);
+	char c;
+
+	if (!tok) {
+		fprintf(outfile, "%s\n", val);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	c = last_non_space_char(tok);
 	if (!c)
 		return;
 	if (strchr(separators, c))
-		printf("%s%s\n", tok, val);
+		fprintf(outfile, "%s%s\n", tok, val);
 	else
-		printf("%s%c %s\n", tok, separators[0], val);
+		fprintf(outfile, "%s%c %s\n", tok, separators[0], val);
 }
 
-static void print_all(struct trailer_item *first, int trim_empty)
+static void print_all(FILE *outfile, struct list_head *head,
+		      const struct process_trailer_options *opts)
 {
+	struct list_head *pos;
 	struct trailer_item *item;
-	for (item = first; item; item = item->next) {
-		if (!trim_empty || strlen(item->value) > 0)
-			print_tok_val(item->token, item->value);
+	list_for_each(pos, head) {
+		item = list_entry(pos, struct trailer_item, list);
+		if ((!opts->trim_empty || strlen(item->value) > 0) &&
+		    (!opts->only_trailers || item->token))
+			print_tok_val(outfile, item->token, item->value);
 	}
 }
 
-static void update_last(struct trailer_item **last)
+static struct trailer_item *trailer_from_arg(struct arg_item *arg_tok)
 {
-	if (*last)
-		while ((*last)->next != NULL)
-			*last = (*last)->next;
-}
-
-static void update_first(struct trailer_item **first)
-{
-	if (*first)
-		while ((*first)->previous != NULL)
-			*first = (*first)->previous;
+	struct trailer_item *new_item = xcalloc(sizeof(*new_item), 1);
+	new_item->token = arg_tok->token;
+	new_item->value = arg_tok->value;
+	arg_tok->token = arg_tok->value = NULL;
+	free_arg_item(arg_tok);
+	return new_item;
 }
 
 static void add_arg_to_input_list(struct trailer_item *on_tok,
-				  struct trailer_item *arg_tok,
-				  struct trailer_item **first,
-				  struct trailer_item **last)
-{
-	if (after_or_end(arg_tok->conf.where)) {
-		arg_tok->next = on_tok->next;
-		on_tok->next = arg_tok;
-		arg_tok->previous = on_tok;
-		if (arg_tok->next)
-			arg_tok->next->previous = arg_tok;
-		update_last(last);
-	} else {
-		arg_tok->previous = on_tok->previous;
-		on_tok->previous = arg_tok;
-		arg_tok->next = on_tok;
-		if (arg_tok->previous)
-			arg_tok->previous->next = arg_tok;
-		update_first(first);
-	}
+				  struct arg_item *arg_tok)
+{
+	int aoe = after_or_end(arg_tok->conf.where);
+	struct trailer_item *to_add = trailer_from_arg(arg_tok);
+	if (aoe)
+		list_add(&to_add->list, &on_tok->list);
+	else
+		list_add_tail(&to_add->list, &on_tok->list);
 }
 
 static int check_if_different(struct trailer_item *in_tok,
-			      struct trailer_item *arg_tok,
-			      int check_all)
+			      struct arg_item *arg_tok,
+			      int check_all,
+			      struct list_head *head)
 {
-	enum action_where where = arg_tok->conf.where;
+	enum trailer_where where = arg_tok->conf.where;
+	struct list_head *next_head;
 	do {
-		if (!in_tok)
-			return 1;
 		if (same_trailer(in_tok, arg_tok))
 			return 0;
 		/*
 		 * if we want to add a trailer after another one,
 		 * we have to check those before this one
 		 */
-		in_tok = after_or_end(where) ? in_tok->previous : in_tok->next;
+		next_head = after_or_end(where) ? in_tok->list.prev
+						: in_tok->list.next;
+		if (next_head == head)
+			break;
+		in_tok = list_entry(next_head, struct trailer_item, list);
 	} while (check_all);
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static void remove_from_list(struct trailer_item *item,
-			     struct trailer_item **first,
-			     struct trailer_item **last)
-{
-	struct trailer_item *next = item->next;
-	struct trailer_item *previous = item->previous;
-
-	if (next) {
-		item->next->previous = previous;
-		item->next = NULL;
-	} else if (last)
-		*last = previous;
-
-	if (previous) {
-		item->previous->next = next;
-		item->previous = NULL;
-	} else if (first)
-		*first = next;
-}
-
-static struct trailer_item *remove_first(struct trailer_item **first)
-{
-	struct trailer_item *item = *first;
-	*first = item->next;
-	if (item->next) {
-		item->next->previous = NULL;
-		item->next = NULL;
-	}
-	return item;
-}
-
-static int read_from_command(struct child_process *cp, struct strbuf *buf)
-{
-	if (run_command(cp))
-		return error("running trailer command '%s' failed", cp->argv[0]);
-	if (strbuf_read(buf, cp->out, 1024) < 1)
-		return error("reading from trailer command '%s' failed", cp->argv[0]);
-	strbuf_trim(buf);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static const char *apply_command(const char *command, const char *arg)
+static char *apply_command(const char *command, const char *arg)
 {
 	struct strbuf cmd = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 	const char *argv[] = {NULL, NULL};
-	const char *result;
+	char *result;
 
 	strbuf_addstr(&cmd, command);
 	if (arg)
@@ -240,20 +232,22 @@ static const char *apply_command(const char *command, const char *arg)
 	cp.argv = argv;
 	cp.env = local_repo_env;
 	cp.no_stdin = 1;
-	cp.out = -1;
 	cp.use_shell = 1;
 
-	if (read_from_command(&cp, &buf)) {
+	if (capture_command(&cp, &buf, 1024)) {
+		error(_("running trailer command '%s' failed"), cmd.buf);
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 		result = xstrdup("");
-	} else
+	} else {
+		strbuf_trim(&buf);
 		result = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+	}
 
 	strbuf_release(&cmd);
 	return result;
 }
 
-static void apply_item_command(struct trailer_item *in_tok, struct trailer_item *arg_tok)
+static void apply_item_command(struct trailer_item *in_tok, struct arg_item *arg_tok)
 {
 	if (arg_tok->conf.command) {
 		const char *arg;
@@ -271,202 +265,193 @@ static void apply_item_command(struct trailer_item *in_tok, struct trailer_item
 }
 
 static void apply_arg_if_exists(struct trailer_item *in_tok,
-				struct trailer_item *arg_tok,
+				struct arg_item *arg_tok,
 				struct trailer_item *on_tok,
-				struct trailer_item **in_tok_first,
-				struct trailer_item **in_tok_last)
+				struct list_head *head)
 {
 	switch (arg_tok->conf.if_exists) {
 	case EXISTS_DO_NOTHING:
-		free_trailer_item(arg_tok);
+		free_arg_item(arg_tok);
 		break;
 	case EXISTS_REPLACE:
 		apply_item_command(in_tok, arg_tok);
-		add_arg_to_input_list(on_tok, arg_tok,
-				      in_tok_first, in_tok_last);
-		remove_from_list(in_tok, in_tok_first, in_tok_last);
+		add_arg_to_input_list(on_tok, arg_tok);
+		list_del(&in_tok->list);
 		free_trailer_item(in_tok);
 		break;
 	case EXISTS_ADD:
 		apply_item_command(in_tok, arg_tok);
-		add_arg_to_input_list(on_tok, arg_tok,
-				      in_tok_first, in_tok_last);
+		add_arg_to_input_list(on_tok, arg_tok);
 		break;
 	case EXISTS_ADD_IF_DIFFERENT:
 		apply_item_command(in_tok, arg_tok);
-		if (check_if_different(in_tok, arg_tok, 1))
-			add_arg_to_input_list(on_tok, arg_tok,
-					      in_tok_first, in_tok_last);
+		if (check_if_different(in_tok, arg_tok, 1, head))
+			add_arg_to_input_list(on_tok, arg_tok);
 		else
-			free_trailer_item(arg_tok);
+			free_arg_item(arg_tok);
 		break;
 	case EXISTS_ADD_IF_DIFFERENT_NEIGHBOR:
 		apply_item_command(in_tok, arg_tok);
-		if (check_if_different(on_tok, arg_tok, 0))
-			add_arg_to_input_list(on_tok, arg_tok,
-					      in_tok_first, in_tok_last);
+		if (check_if_different(on_tok, arg_tok, 0, head))
+			add_arg_to_input_list(on_tok, arg_tok);
 		else
-			free_trailer_item(arg_tok);
+			free_arg_item(arg_tok);
 		break;
+	default:
+		BUG("trailer.c: unhandled value %d",
+		    arg_tok->conf.if_exists);
 	}
 }
 
-static void apply_arg_if_missing(struct trailer_item **in_tok_first,
-				 struct trailer_item **in_tok_last,
-				 struct trailer_item *arg_tok)
+static void apply_arg_if_missing(struct list_head *head,
+				 struct arg_item *arg_tok)
 {
-	struct trailer_item **in_tok;
-	enum action_where where;
+	enum trailer_where where;
+	struct trailer_item *to_add;
 
 	switch (arg_tok->conf.if_missing) {
 	case MISSING_DO_NOTHING:
-		free_trailer_item(arg_tok);
+		free_arg_item(arg_tok);
 		break;
 	case MISSING_ADD:
 		where = arg_tok->conf.where;
-		in_tok = after_or_end(where) ? in_tok_last : in_tok_first;
 		apply_item_command(NULL, arg_tok);
-		if (*in_tok) {
-			add_arg_to_input_list(*in_tok, arg_tok,
-					      in_tok_first, in_tok_last);
-		} else {
-			*in_tok_first = arg_tok;
-			*in_tok_last = arg_tok;
-		}
+		to_add = trailer_from_arg(arg_tok);
+		if (after_or_end(where))
+			list_add_tail(&to_add->list, head);
+		else
+			list_add(&to_add->list, head);
 		break;
+	default:
+		BUG("trailer.c: unhandled value %d",
+		    arg_tok->conf.if_missing);
 	}
 }
 
-static int find_same_and_apply_arg(struct trailer_item **in_tok_first,
-				   struct trailer_item **in_tok_last,
-				   struct trailer_item *arg_tok)
+static int find_same_and_apply_arg(struct list_head *head,
+				   struct arg_item *arg_tok)
 {
+	struct list_head *pos;
 	struct trailer_item *in_tok;
 	struct trailer_item *on_tok;
-	struct trailer_item *following_tok;
 
-	enum action_where where = arg_tok->conf.where;
+	enum trailer_where where = arg_tok->conf.where;
 	int middle = (where == WHERE_AFTER) || (where == WHERE_BEFORE);
 	int backwards = after_or_end(where);
-	struct trailer_item *start_tok = backwards ? *in_tok_last : *in_tok_first;
+	struct trailer_item *start_tok;
+
+	if (list_empty(head))
+		return 0;
+
+	start_tok = list_entry(backwards ? head->prev : head->next,
+			       struct trailer_item,
+			       list);
 
-	for (in_tok = start_tok; in_tok; in_tok = following_tok) {
-		following_tok = backwards ? in_tok->previous : in_tok->next;
+	list_for_each_dir(pos, head, backwards) {
+		in_tok = list_entry(pos, struct trailer_item, list);
 		if (!same_token(in_tok, arg_tok))
 			continue;
 		on_tok = middle ? in_tok : start_tok;
-		apply_arg_if_exists(in_tok, arg_tok, on_tok,
-				    in_tok_first, in_tok_last);
+		apply_arg_if_exists(in_tok, arg_tok, on_tok, head);
 		return 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void process_trailers_lists(struct trailer_item **in_tok_first,
-				   struct trailer_item **in_tok_last,
-				   struct trailer_item **arg_tok_first)
+static void process_trailers_lists(struct list_head *head,
+				   struct list_head *arg_head)
 {
-	struct trailer_item *arg_tok;
-	struct trailer_item *next_arg;
+	struct list_head *pos, *p;
+	struct arg_item *arg_tok;
 
-	if (!*arg_tok_first)
-		return;
-
-	for (arg_tok = *arg_tok_first; arg_tok; arg_tok = next_arg) {
+	list_for_each_safe(pos, p, arg_head) {
 		int applied = 0;
+		arg_tok = list_entry(pos, struct arg_item, list);
 
-		next_arg = arg_tok->next;
-		remove_from_list(arg_tok, arg_tok_first, NULL);
+		list_del(pos);
 
-		applied = find_same_and_apply_arg(in_tok_first,
-						  in_tok_last,
-						  arg_tok);
+		applied = find_same_and_apply_arg(head, arg_tok);
 
 		if (!applied)
-			apply_arg_if_missing(in_tok_first,
-					     in_tok_last,
-					     arg_tok);
+			apply_arg_if_missing(head, arg_tok);
 	}
 }
 
-static int set_where(struct conf_info *item, const char *value)
+int trailer_set_where(enum trailer_where *item, const char *value)
 {
-	if (!strcasecmp("after", value))
-		item->where = WHERE_AFTER;
+	if (!value)
+		*item = WHERE_DEFAULT;
+	else if (!strcasecmp("after", value))
+		*item = WHERE_AFTER;
 	else if (!strcasecmp("before", value))
-		item->where = WHERE_BEFORE;
+		*item = WHERE_BEFORE;
 	else if (!strcasecmp("end", value))
-		item->where = WHERE_END;
+		*item = WHERE_END;
 	else if (!strcasecmp("start", value))
-		item->where = WHERE_START;
+		*item = WHERE_START;
 	else
 		return -1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int set_if_exists(struct conf_info *item, const char *value)
+int trailer_set_if_exists(enum trailer_if_exists *item, const char *value)
 {
-	if (!strcasecmp("addIfDifferent", value))
-		item->if_exists = EXISTS_ADD_IF_DIFFERENT;
+	if (!value)
+		*item = EXISTS_DEFAULT;
+	else if (!strcasecmp("addIfDifferent", value))
+		*item = EXISTS_ADD_IF_DIFFERENT;
 	else if (!strcasecmp("addIfDifferentNeighbor", value))
-		item->if_exists = EXISTS_ADD_IF_DIFFERENT_NEIGHBOR;
+		*item = EXISTS_ADD_IF_DIFFERENT_NEIGHBOR;
 	else if (!strcasecmp("add", value))
-		item->if_exists = EXISTS_ADD;
+		*item = EXISTS_ADD;
 	else if (!strcasecmp("replace", value))
-		item->if_exists = EXISTS_REPLACE;
+		*item = EXISTS_REPLACE;
 	else if (!strcasecmp("doNothing", value))
-		item->if_exists = EXISTS_DO_NOTHING;
+		*item = EXISTS_DO_NOTHING;
 	else
 		return -1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int set_if_missing(struct conf_info *item, const char *value)
+int trailer_set_if_missing(enum trailer_if_missing *item, const char *value)
 {
-	if (!strcasecmp("doNothing", value))
-		item->if_missing = MISSING_DO_NOTHING;
+	if (!value)
+		*item = MISSING_DEFAULT;
+	else if (!strcasecmp("doNothing", value))
+		*item = MISSING_DO_NOTHING;
 	else if (!strcasecmp("add", value))
-		item->if_missing = MISSING_ADD;
+		*item = MISSING_ADD;
 	else
 		return -1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void duplicate_conf(struct conf_info *dst, struct conf_info *src)
+static void duplicate_conf(struct conf_info *dst, const struct conf_info *src)
 {
 	*dst = *src;
-	if (src->name)
-		dst->name = xstrdup(src->name);
-	if (src->key)
-		dst->key = xstrdup(src->key);
-	if (src->command)
-		dst->command = xstrdup(src->command);
+	dst->name = xstrdup_or_null(src->name);
+	dst->key = xstrdup_or_null(src->key);
+	dst->command = xstrdup_or_null(src->command);
 }
 
-static struct trailer_item *get_conf_item(const char *name)
+static struct arg_item *get_conf_item(const char *name)
 {
-	struct trailer_item *item;
-	struct trailer_item *previous;
+	struct list_head *pos;
+	struct arg_item *item;
 
 	/* Look up item with same name */
-	for (previous = NULL, item = first_conf_item;
-	     item;
-	     previous = item, item = item->next) {
+	list_for_each(pos, &conf_head) {
+		item = list_entry(pos, struct arg_item, list);
 		if (!strcasecmp(item->conf.name, name))
 			return item;
 	}
 
 	/* Item does not already exists, create it */
-	item = xcalloc(sizeof(struct trailer_item), 1);
+	item = xcalloc(sizeof(*item), 1);
 	duplicate_conf(&item->conf, &default_conf_info);
 	item->conf.name = xstrdup(name);
 
-	if (!previous)
-		first_conf_item = item;
-	else {
-		previous->next = item;
-		item->previous = previous;
-	}
+	list_add_tail(&item->list, &conf_head);
 
 	return item;
 }
@@ -495,15 +480,18 @@ static int git_trailer_default_config(const char *conf_key, const char *value, v
 	variable_name = strrchr(trailer_item, '.');
 	if (!variable_name) {
 		if (!strcmp(trailer_item, "where")) {
-			if (set_where(&default_conf_info, value) < 0)
+			if (trailer_set_where(&default_conf_info.where,
+					      value) < 0)
 				warning(_("unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"),
 					value, conf_key);
 		} else if (!strcmp(trailer_item, "ifexists")) {
-			if (set_if_exists(&default_conf_info, value) < 0)
+			if (trailer_set_if_exists(&default_conf_info.if_exists,
+						  value) < 0)
 				warning(_("unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"),
 					value, conf_key);
 		} else if (!strcmp(trailer_item, "ifmissing")) {
-			if (set_if_missing(&default_conf_info, value) < 0)
+			if (trailer_set_if_missing(&default_conf_info.if_missing,
+						   value) < 0)
 				warning(_("unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"),
 					value, conf_key);
 		} else if (!strcmp(trailer_item, "separators")) {
@@ -516,7 +504,7 @@ static int git_trailer_default_config(const char *conf_key, const char *value, v
 static int git_trailer_config(const char *conf_key, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	const char *trailer_item, *variable_name;
-	struct trailer_item *item;
+	struct arg_item *item;
 	struct conf_info *conf;
 	char *name = NULL;
 	enum trailer_info_type type;
@@ -557,50 +545,38 @@ static int git_trailer_config(const char *conf_key, const char *value, void *cb)
 		conf->command = xstrdup(value);
 		break;
 	case TRAILER_WHERE:
-		if (set_where(conf, value))
+		if (trailer_set_where(&conf->where, value))
 			warning(_("unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"), value, conf_key);
 		break;
 	case TRAILER_IF_EXISTS:
-		if (set_if_exists(conf, value))
+		if (trailer_set_if_exists(&conf->if_exists, value))
 			warning(_("unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"), value, conf_key);
 		break;
 	case TRAILER_IF_MISSING:
-		if (set_if_missing(conf, value))
+		if (trailer_set_if_missing(&conf->if_missing, value))
 			warning(_("unknown value '%s' for key '%s'"), value, conf_key);
 		break;
 	default:
-		die("internal bug in trailer.c");
+		BUG("trailer.c: unhandled type %d", type);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int parse_trailer(struct strbuf *tok, struct strbuf *val, const char *trailer)
+static void ensure_configured(void)
 {
-	size_t len;
-	struct strbuf seps = STRBUF_INIT;
-	strbuf_addstr(&seps, separators);
-	strbuf_addch(&seps, '=');
-	len = strcspn(trailer, seps.buf);
-	strbuf_release(&seps);
-	if (len == 0) {
-		int l = strlen(trailer);
-		while (l > 0 && isspace(trailer[l - 1]))
-			l--;
-		return error(_("empty trailer token in trailer '%.*s'"), l, trailer);
-	}
-	if (len < strlen(trailer)) {
-		strbuf_add(tok, trailer, len);
-		strbuf_trim(tok);
-		strbuf_addstr(val, trailer + len + 1);
-		strbuf_trim(val);
-	} else {
-		strbuf_addstr(tok, trailer);
-		strbuf_trim(tok);
-	}
-	return 0;
+	if (configured)
+		return;
+
+	/* Default config must be setup first */
+	default_conf_info.where = WHERE_END;
+	default_conf_info.if_exists = EXISTS_ADD_IF_DIFFERENT_NEIGHBOR;
+	default_conf_info.if_missing = MISSING_ADD;
+	git_config(git_trailer_default_config, NULL);
+	git_config(git_trailer_config, NULL);
+	configured = 1;
 }
 
-static const char *token_from_item(struct trailer_item *item, char *tok)
+static const char *token_from_item(struct arg_item *item, char *tok)
 {
 	if (item->conf.key)
 		return item->conf.key;
@@ -609,265 +585,580 @@ static const char *token_from_item(struct trailer_item *item, char *tok)
 	return item->conf.name;
 }
 
-static struct trailer_item *new_trailer_item(struct trailer_item *conf_item,
-					     char *tok, char *val)
-{
-	struct trailer_item *new = xcalloc(sizeof(*new), 1);
-	new->value = val ? val : xstrdup("");
-
-	if (conf_item) {
-		duplicate_conf(&new->conf, &conf_item->conf);
-		new->token = xstrdup(token_from_item(conf_item, tok));
-		free(tok);
-	} else {
-		duplicate_conf(&new->conf, &default_conf_info);
-		new->token = tok;
-	}
-
-	return new;
-}
-
-static int token_matches_item(const char *tok, struct trailer_item *item, int tok_len)
+static int token_matches_item(const char *tok, struct arg_item *item, int tok_len)
 {
 	if (!strncasecmp(tok, item->conf.name, tok_len))
 		return 1;
 	return item->conf.key ? !strncasecmp(tok, item->conf.key, tok_len) : 0;
 }
 
-static struct trailer_item *create_trailer_item(const char *string)
+/*
+ * If the given line is of the form
+ * "<token><optional whitespace><separator>..." or "<separator>...", return the
+ * location of the separator. Otherwise, return -1.  The optional whitespace
+ * is allowed there primarily to allow things like "Bug #43" where <token> is
+ * "Bug" and <separator> is "#".
+ *
+ * The separator-starts-line case (in which this function returns 0) is
+ * distinguished from the non-well-formed-line case (in which this function
+ * returns -1) because some callers of this function need such a distinction.
+ */
+static int find_separator(const char *line, const char *separators)
 {
-	struct strbuf tok = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf val = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct trailer_item *item;
-	int tok_len;
+	int whitespace_found = 0;
+	const char *c;
+	for (c = line; *c; c++) {
+		if (strchr(separators, *c))
+			return c - line;
+		if (!whitespace_found && (isalnum(*c) || *c == '-'))
+			continue;
+		if (c != line && (*c == ' ' || *c == '\t')) {
+			whitespace_found = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
 
-	if (parse_trailer(&tok, &val, string))
-		return NULL;
+/*
+ * Obtain the token, value, and conf from the given trailer.
+ *
+ * separator_pos must not be 0, since the token cannot be an empty string.
+ *
+ * If separator_pos is -1, interpret the whole trailer as a token.
+ */
+static void parse_trailer(struct strbuf *tok, struct strbuf *val,
+			 const struct conf_info **conf, const char *trailer,
+			 int separator_pos)
+{
+	struct arg_item *item;
+	int tok_len;
+	struct list_head *pos;
 
-	tok_len = token_len_without_separator(tok.buf, tok.len);
+	if (separator_pos != -1) {
+		strbuf_add(tok, trailer, separator_pos);
+		strbuf_trim(tok);
+		strbuf_addstr(val, trailer + separator_pos + 1);
+		strbuf_trim(val);
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addstr(tok, trailer);
+		strbuf_trim(tok);
+	}
 
 	/* Lookup if the token matches something in the config */
-	for (item = first_conf_item; item; item = item->next) {
-		if (token_matches_item(tok.buf, item, tok_len))
-			return new_trailer_item(item,
-						strbuf_detach(&tok, NULL),
-						strbuf_detach(&val, NULL));
+	tok_len = token_len_without_separator(tok->buf, tok->len);
+	if (conf)
+		*conf = &default_conf_info;
+	list_for_each(pos, &conf_head) {
+		item = list_entry(pos, struct arg_item, list);
+		if (token_matches_item(tok->buf, item, tok_len)) {
+			char *tok_buf = strbuf_detach(tok, NULL);
+			if (conf)
+				*conf = &item->conf;
+			strbuf_addstr(tok, token_from_item(item, tok_buf));
+			free(tok_buf);
+			break;
+		}
 	}
+}
 
-	return new_trailer_item(NULL,
-				strbuf_detach(&tok, NULL),
-				strbuf_detach(&val, NULL));
+static struct trailer_item *add_trailer_item(struct list_head *head, char *tok,
+					     char *val)
+{
+	struct trailer_item *new_item = xcalloc(sizeof(*new_item), 1);
+	new_item->token = tok;
+	new_item->value = val;
+	list_add_tail(&new_item->list, head);
+	return new_item;
 }
 
-static void add_trailer_item(struct trailer_item **first,
-			     struct trailer_item **last,
-			     struct trailer_item *new)
+static void add_arg_item(struct list_head *arg_head, char *tok, char *val,
+			 const struct conf_info *conf,
+			 const struct new_trailer_item *new_trailer_item)
 {
-	if (!new)
-		return;
-	if (!*last) {
-		*first = new;
-		*last = new;
-	} else {
-		(*last)->next = new;
-		new->previous = *last;
-		*last = new;
+	struct arg_item *new_item = xcalloc(sizeof(*new_item), 1);
+	new_item->token = tok;
+	new_item->value = val;
+	duplicate_conf(&new_item->conf, conf);
+	if (new_trailer_item) {
+		if (new_trailer_item->where != WHERE_DEFAULT)
+			new_item->conf.where = new_trailer_item->where;
+		if (new_trailer_item->if_exists != EXISTS_DEFAULT)
+			new_item->conf.if_exists = new_trailer_item->if_exists;
+		if (new_trailer_item->if_missing != MISSING_DEFAULT)
+			new_item->conf.if_missing = new_trailer_item->if_missing;
 	}
+	list_add_tail(&new_item->list, arg_head);
 }
 
-static struct trailer_item *process_command_line_args(struct string_list *trailers)
+static void process_command_line_args(struct list_head *arg_head,
+				      struct list_head *new_trailer_head)
 {
-	struct trailer_item *arg_tok_first = NULL;
-	struct trailer_item *arg_tok_last = NULL;
-	struct string_list_item *tr;
-	struct trailer_item *item;
+	struct arg_item *item;
+	struct strbuf tok = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf val = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const struct conf_info *conf;
+	struct list_head *pos;
 
-	/* Add a trailer item for each configured trailer with a command */
-	for (item = first_conf_item; item; item = item->next) {
-		if (item->conf.command) {
-			struct trailer_item *new = new_trailer_item(item, NULL, NULL);
-			add_trailer_item(&arg_tok_first, &arg_tok_last, new);
-		}
+	/*
+	 * In command-line arguments, '=' is accepted (in addition to the
+	 * separators that are defined).
+	 */
+	char *cl_separators = xstrfmt("=%s", separators);
+
+	/* Add an arg item for each configured trailer with a command */
+	list_for_each(pos, &conf_head) {
+		item = list_entry(pos, struct arg_item, list);
+		if (item->conf.command)
+			add_arg_item(arg_head,
+				     xstrdup(token_from_item(item, NULL)),
+				     xstrdup(""),
+				     &item->conf, NULL);
 	}
 
-	/* Add a trailer item for each trailer on the command line */
-	for_each_string_list_item(tr, trailers) {
-		struct trailer_item *new = create_trailer_item(tr->string);
-		add_trailer_item(&arg_tok_first, &arg_tok_last, new);
+	/* Add an arg item for each trailer on the command line */
+	list_for_each(pos, new_trailer_head) {
+		struct new_trailer_item *tr =
+			list_entry(pos, struct new_trailer_item, list);
+		int separator_pos = find_separator(tr->text, cl_separators);
+
+		if (separator_pos == 0) {
+			struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+			strbuf_addstr(&sb, tr->text);
+			strbuf_trim(&sb);
+			error(_("empty trailer token in trailer '%.*s'"),
+			      (int) sb.len, sb.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&sb);
+		} else {
+			parse_trailer(&tok, &val, &conf, tr->text,
+				      separator_pos);
+			add_arg_item(arg_head,
+				     strbuf_detach(&tok, NULL),
+				     strbuf_detach(&val, NULL),
+				     conf, tr);
+		}
 	}
 
-	return arg_tok_first;
+	free(cl_separators);
 }
 
-static struct strbuf **read_input_file(const char *file)
+static void read_input_file(struct strbuf *sb, const char *file)
 {
-	struct strbuf **lines;
-	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-
 	if (file) {
-		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, file, 0) < 0)
+		if (strbuf_read_file(sb, file, 0) < 0)
 			die_errno(_("could not read input file '%s'"), file);
 	} else {
-		if (strbuf_read(&sb, fileno(stdin), 0) < 0)
+		if (strbuf_read(sb, fileno(stdin), 0) < 0)
 			die_errno(_("could not read from stdin"));
 	}
+}
 
-	lines = strbuf_split(&sb, '\n');
+static const char *next_line(const char *str)
+{
+	const char *nl = strchrnul(str, '\n');
+	return nl + !!*nl;
+}
 
-	strbuf_release(&sb);
+/*
+ * Return the position of the start of the last line. If len is 0, return -1.
+ */
+static int last_line(const char *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	int i;
+	if (len == 0)
+		return -1;
+	if (len == 1)
+		return 0;
+	/*
+	 * Skip the last character (in addition to the null terminator),
+	 * because if the last character is a newline, it is considered as part
+	 * of the last line anyway.
+	 */
+	i = len - 2;
 
-	return lines;
+	for (; i >= 0; i--) {
+		if (buf[i] == '\n')
+			return i + 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
- * Return the (0 based) index of the start of the patch or the line
- * count if there is no patch in the message.
+ * Return the position of the start of the patch or the length of str if there
+ * is no patch in the message.
  */
-static int find_patch_start(struct strbuf **lines, int count)
+static int find_patch_start(const char *str)
 {
-	int i;
+	const char *s;
 
-	/* Get the start of the patch part if any */
-	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-		if (starts_with(lines[i]->buf, "---"))
-			return i;
+	for (s = str; *s; s = next_line(s)) {
+		if (starts_with(s, "---"))
+			return s - str;
 	}
 
-	return count;
+	return s - str;
 }
 
 /*
- * Return the (0 based) index of the first trailer line or count if
- * there are no trailers. Trailers are searched only in the lines from
- * index (count - 1) down to index 0.
+ * Return the position of the first trailer line or len if there are no
+ * trailers.
  */
-static int find_trailer_start(struct strbuf **lines, int count)
+static int find_trailer_start(const char *buf, size_t len)
 {
-	int start, only_spaces = 1;
+	const char *s;
+	int end_of_title, l, only_spaces = 1;
+	int recognized_prefix = 0, trailer_lines = 0, non_trailer_lines = 0;
+	/*
+	 * Number of possible continuation lines encountered. This will be
+	 * reset to 0 if we encounter a trailer (since those lines are to be
+	 * considered continuations of that trailer), and added to
+	 * non_trailer_lines if we encounter a non-trailer (since those lines
+	 * are to be considered non-trailers).
+	 */
+	int possible_continuation_lines = 0;
+
+	/* The first paragraph is the title and cannot be trailers */
+	for (s = buf; s < buf + len; s = next_line(s)) {
+		if (s[0] == comment_line_char)
+			continue;
+		if (is_blank_line(s))
+			break;
+	}
+	end_of_title = s - buf;
 
 	/*
-	 * Get the start of the trailers by looking starting from the end
-	 * for a line with only spaces before lines with one separator.
+	 * Get the start of the trailers by looking starting from the end for a
+	 * blank line before a set of non-blank lines that (i) are all
+	 * trailers, or (ii) contains at least one Git-generated trailer and
+	 * consists of at least 25% trailers.
 	 */
-	for (start = count - 1; start >= 0; start--) {
-		if (lines[start]->buf[0] == comment_line_char)
+	for (l = last_line(buf, len);
+	     l >= end_of_title;
+	     l = last_line(buf, l)) {
+		const char *bol = buf + l;
+		const char **p;
+		int separator_pos;
+
+		if (bol[0] == comment_line_char) {
+			non_trailer_lines += possible_continuation_lines;
+			possible_continuation_lines = 0;
 			continue;
-		if (contains_only_spaces(lines[start]->buf)) {
+		}
+		if (is_blank_line(bol)) {
 			if (only_spaces)
 				continue;
-			return start + 1;
+			non_trailer_lines += possible_continuation_lines;
+			if (recognized_prefix &&
+			    trailer_lines * 3 >= non_trailer_lines)
+				return next_line(bol) - buf;
+			else if (trailer_lines && !non_trailer_lines)
+				return next_line(bol) - buf;
+			return len;
 		}
-		if (strcspn(lines[start]->buf, separators) < lines[start]->len) {
-			if (only_spaces)
-				only_spaces = 0;
-			continue;
+		only_spaces = 0;
+
+		for (p = git_generated_prefixes; *p; p++) {
+			if (starts_with(bol, *p)) {
+				trailer_lines++;
+				possible_continuation_lines = 0;
+				recognized_prefix = 1;
+				goto continue_outer_loop;
+			}
 		}
-		return count;
+
+		separator_pos = find_separator(bol, separators);
+		if (separator_pos >= 1 && !isspace(bol[0])) {
+			struct list_head *pos;
+
+			trailer_lines++;
+			possible_continuation_lines = 0;
+			if (recognized_prefix)
+				continue;
+			list_for_each(pos, &conf_head) {
+				struct arg_item *item;
+				item = list_entry(pos, struct arg_item, list);
+				if (token_matches_item(bol, item,
+						       separator_pos)) {
+					recognized_prefix = 1;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+		} else if (isspace(bol[0]))
+			possible_continuation_lines++;
+		else {
+			non_trailer_lines++;
+			non_trailer_lines += possible_continuation_lines;
+			possible_continuation_lines = 0;
+		}
+continue_outer_loop:
+		;
 	}
 
-	return only_spaces ? count : 0;
+	return len;
 }
 
-/* Get the index of the end of the trailers */
-static int find_trailer_end(struct strbuf **lines, int patch_start)
+/* Return the position of the end of the trailers. */
+static int find_trailer_end(const char *buf, size_t len)
 {
-	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int i, ignore_bytes;
+	return len - ignore_non_trailer(buf, len);
+}
 
-	for (i = 0; i < patch_start; i++)
-		strbuf_addbuf(&sb, lines[i]);
-	ignore_bytes = ignore_non_trailer(&sb);
-	strbuf_release(&sb);
-	for (i = patch_start - 1; i >= 0 && ignore_bytes > 0; i--)
-		ignore_bytes -= lines[i]->len;
+static int ends_with_blank_line(const char *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	int ll = last_line(buf, len);
+	if (ll < 0)
+		return 0;
+	return is_blank_line(buf + ll);
+}
 
-	return i + 1;
+static void unfold_value(struct strbuf *val)
+{
+	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t i;
+
+	strbuf_grow(&out, val->len);
+	i = 0;
+	while (i < val->len) {
+		char c = val->buf[i++];
+		if (c == '\n') {
+			/* Collapse continuation down to a single space. */
+			while (i < val->len && isspace(val->buf[i]))
+				i++;
+			strbuf_addch(&out, ' ');
+		} else {
+			strbuf_addch(&out, c);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Empty lines may have left us with whitespace cruft at the edges */
+	strbuf_trim(&out);
+
+	/* output goes back to val as if we modified it in-place */
+	strbuf_swap(&out, val);
+	strbuf_release(&out);
 }
 
-static int has_blank_line_before(struct strbuf **lines, int start)
+static int process_input_file(FILE *outfile,
+			      const char *str,
+			      struct list_head *head,
+			      const struct process_trailer_options *opts)
 {
-	for (;start >= 0; start--) {
-		if (lines[start]->buf[0] == comment_line_char)
+	struct trailer_info info;
+	struct strbuf tok = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf val = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i;
+
+	trailer_info_get(&info, str);
+
+	/* Print lines before the trailers as is */
+	if (!opts->only_trailers)
+		fwrite(str, 1, info.trailer_start - str, outfile);
+
+	if (!opts->only_trailers && !info.blank_line_before_trailer)
+		fprintf(outfile, "\n");
+
+	for (i = 0; i < info.trailer_nr; i++) {
+		int separator_pos;
+		char *trailer = info.trailers[i];
+		if (trailer[0] == comment_line_char)
 			continue;
-		return contains_only_spaces(lines[start]->buf);
+		separator_pos = find_separator(trailer, separators);
+		if (separator_pos >= 1) {
+			parse_trailer(&tok, &val, NULL, trailer,
+				      separator_pos);
+			if (opts->unfold)
+				unfold_value(&val);
+			add_trailer_item(head,
+					 strbuf_detach(&tok, NULL),
+					 strbuf_detach(&val, NULL));
+		} else if (!opts->only_trailers) {
+			strbuf_addstr(&val, trailer);
+			strbuf_strip_suffix(&val, "\n");
+			add_trailer_item(head,
+					 NULL,
+					 strbuf_detach(&val, NULL));
+		}
 	}
-	return 0;
+
+	trailer_info_release(&info);
+
+	return info.trailer_end - str;
 }
 
-static void print_lines(struct strbuf **lines, int start, int end)
+static void free_all(struct list_head *head)
 {
-	int i;
-	for (i = start; lines[i] && i < end; i++)
-		printf("%s", lines[i]->buf);
+	struct list_head *pos, *p;
+	list_for_each_safe(pos, p, head) {
+		list_del(pos);
+		free_trailer_item(list_entry(pos, struct trailer_item, list));
+	}
+}
+
+static struct tempfile *trailers_tempfile;
+
+static FILE *create_in_place_tempfile(const char *file)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	struct strbuf filename_template = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *tail;
+	FILE *outfile;
+
+	if (stat(file, &st))
+		die_errno(_("could not stat %s"), file);
+	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+		die(_("file %s is not a regular file"), file);
+	if (!(st.st_mode & S_IWUSR))
+		die(_("file %s is not writable by user"), file);
+
+	/* Create temporary file in the same directory as the original */
+	tail = strrchr(file, '/');
+	if (tail != NULL)
+		strbuf_add(&filename_template, file, tail - file + 1);
+	strbuf_addstr(&filename_template, "git-interpret-trailers-XXXXXX");
+
+	trailers_tempfile = xmks_tempfile_m(filename_template.buf, st.st_mode);
+	strbuf_release(&filename_template);
+	outfile = fdopen_tempfile(trailers_tempfile, "w");
+	if (!outfile)
+		die_errno(_("could not open temporary file"));
+
+	return outfile;
 }
 
-static int process_input_file(struct strbuf **lines,
-			      struct trailer_item **in_tok_first,
-			      struct trailer_item **in_tok_last)
+void process_trailers(const char *file,
+		      const struct process_trailer_options *opts,
+		      struct list_head *new_trailer_head)
 {
-	int count = 0;
-	int patch_start, trailer_start, trailer_end, i;
+	LIST_HEAD(head);
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int trailer_end;
+	FILE *outfile = stdout;
 
-	/* Get the line count */
-	while (lines[count])
-		count++;
+	ensure_configured();
 
-	patch_start = find_patch_start(lines, count);
-	trailer_end = find_trailer_end(lines, patch_start);
-	trailer_start = find_trailer_start(lines, trailer_end);
+	read_input_file(&sb, file);
 
-	/* Print lines before the trailers as is */
-	print_lines(lines, 0, trailer_start);
+	if (opts->in_place)
+		outfile = create_in_place_tempfile(file);
 
-	if (!has_blank_line_before(lines, trailer_start - 1))
-		printf("\n");
+	/* Print the lines before the trailers */
+	trailer_end = process_input_file(outfile, sb.buf, &head, opts);
 
-	/* Parse trailer lines */
-	for (i = trailer_start; i < trailer_end; i++) {
-		if (lines[i]->buf[0] != comment_line_char) {
-			struct trailer_item *new = create_trailer_item(lines[i]->buf);
-			add_trailer_item(in_tok_first, in_tok_last, new);
-		}
+	if (!opts->only_input) {
+		LIST_HEAD(arg_head);
+		process_command_line_args(&arg_head, new_trailer_head);
+		process_trailers_lists(&head, &arg_head);
 	}
 
-	return trailer_end;
+	print_all(outfile, &head, opts);
+
+	free_all(&head);
+
+	/* Print the lines after the trailers as is */
+	if (!opts->only_trailers)
+		fwrite(sb.buf + trailer_end, 1, sb.len - trailer_end, outfile);
+
+	if (opts->in_place)
+		if (rename_tempfile(&trailers_tempfile, file))
+			die_errno(_("could not rename temporary file to %s"), file);
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
-static void free_all(struct trailer_item **first)
+void trailer_info_get(struct trailer_info *info, const char *str)
 {
-	while (*first) {
-		struct trailer_item *item = remove_first(first);
-		free_trailer_item(item);
+	int patch_start, trailer_end, trailer_start;
+	struct strbuf **trailer_lines, **ptr;
+	char **trailer_strings = NULL;
+	size_t nr = 0, alloc = 0;
+	char **last = NULL;
+
+	ensure_configured();
+
+	patch_start = find_patch_start(str);
+	trailer_end = find_trailer_end(str, patch_start);
+	trailer_start = find_trailer_start(str, trailer_end);
+
+	trailer_lines = strbuf_split_buf(str + trailer_start,
+					 trailer_end - trailer_start,
+					 '\n',
+					 0);
+	for (ptr = trailer_lines; *ptr; ptr++) {
+		if (last && isspace((*ptr)->buf[0])) {
+			struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+			strbuf_attach(&sb, *last, strlen(*last), strlen(*last));
+			strbuf_addbuf(&sb, *ptr);
+			*last = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+			continue;
+		}
+		ALLOC_GROW(trailer_strings, nr + 1, alloc);
+		trailer_strings[nr] = strbuf_detach(*ptr, NULL);
+		last = find_separator(trailer_strings[nr], separators) >= 1
+			? &trailer_strings[nr]
+			: NULL;
+		nr++;
 	}
+	strbuf_list_free(trailer_lines);
+
+	info->blank_line_before_trailer = ends_with_blank_line(str,
+							       trailer_start);
+	info->trailer_start = str + trailer_start;
+	info->trailer_end = str + trailer_end;
+	info->trailers = trailer_strings;
+	info->trailer_nr = nr;
 }
 
-void process_trailers(const char *file, int trim_empty, struct string_list *trailers)
+void trailer_info_release(struct trailer_info *info)
 {
-	struct trailer_item *in_tok_first = NULL;
-	struct trailer_item *in_tok_last = NULL;
-	struct trailer_item *arg_tok_first;
-	struct strbuf **lines;
-	int trailer_end;
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < info->trailer_nr; i++)
+		free(info->trailers[i]);
+	free(info->trailers);
+}
 
-	/* Default config must be setup first */
-	git_config(git_trailer_default_config, NULL);
-	git_config(git_trailer_config, NULL);
+static void format_trailer_info(struct strbuf *out,
+				const struct trailer_info *info,
+				const struct process_trailer_options *opts)
+{
+	int i;
 
-	lines = read_input_file(file);
+	/* If we want the whole block untouched, we can take the fast path. */
+	if (!opts->only_trailers && !opts->unfold) {
+		strbuf_add(out, info->trailer_start,
+			   info->trailer_end - info->trailer_start);
+		return;
+	}
 
-	/* Print the lines before the trailers */
-	trailer_end = process_input_file(lines, &in_tok_first, &in_tok_last);
+	for (i = 0; i < info->trailer_nr; i++) {
+		char *trailer = info->trailers[i];
+		int separator_pos = find_separator(trailer, separators);
 
-	arg_tok_first = process_command_line_args(trailers);
+		if (separator_pos >= 1) {
+			struct strbuf tok = STRBUF_INIT;
+			struct strbuf val = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	process_trailers_lists(&in_tok_first, &in_tok_last, &arg_tok_first);
+			parse_trailer(&tok, &val, NULL, trailer, separator_pos);
+			if (opts->unfold)
+				unfold_value(&val);
 
-	print_all(in_tok_first, trim_empty);
+			strbuf_addf(out, "%s: %s\n", tok.buf, val.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&tok);
+			strbuf_release(&val);
 
-	free_all(&in_tok_first);
+		} else if (!opts->only_trailers) {
+			strbuf_addstr(out, trailer);
+		}
+	}
 
-	/* Print the lines after the trailers as is */
-	print_lines(lines, trailer_end, INT_MAX);
+}
+
+void format_trailers_from_commit(struct strbuf *out, const char *msg,
+				 const struct process_trailer_options *opts)
+{
+	struct trailer_info info;
 
-	strbuf_list_free(lines);
+	trailer_info_get(&info, msg);
+	format_trailer_info(out, &info, opts);
+	trailer_info_release(&info);
 }
diff --git a/trailer.h b/trailer.h
index 8eb25d565e..9c10026c35 100644
--- a/trailer.h
+++ b/trailer.h
@@ -1,6 +1,100 @@
 #ifndef TRAILER_H
 #define TRAILER_H
 
-void process_trailers(const char *file, int trim_empty, struct string_list *trailers);
+#include "list.h"
+
+struct strbuf;
+
+enum trailer_where {
+	WHERE_DEFAULT,
+	WHERE_END,
+	WHERE_AFTER,
+	WHERE_BEFORE,
+	WHERE_START
+};
+enum trailer_if_exists {
+	EXISTS_DEFAULT,
+	EXISTS_ADD_IF_DIFFERENT_NEIGHBOR,
+	EXISTS_ADD_IF_DIFFERENT,
+	EXISTS_ADD,
+	EXISTS_REPLACE,
+	EXISTS_DO_NOTHING
+};
+enum trailer_if_missing {
+	MISSING_DEFAULT,
+	MISSING_ADD,
+	MISSING_DO_NOTHING
+};
+
+int trailer_set_where(enum trailer_where *item, const char *value);
+int trailer_set_if_exists(enum trailer_if_exists *item, const char *value);
+int trailer_set_if_missing(enum trailer_if_missing *item, const char *value);
+
+struct trailer_info {
+	/*
+	 * True if there is a blank line before the location pointed to by
+	 * trailer_start.
+	 */
+	int blank_line_before_trailer;
+
+	/*
+	 * Pointers to the start and end of the trailer block found. If there
+	 * is no trailer block found, these 2 pointers point to the end of the
+	 * input string.
+	 */
+	const char *trailer_start, *trailer_end;
+
+	/*
+	 * Array of trailers found.
+	 */
+	char **trailers;
+	size_t trailer_nr;
+};
+
+/*
+ * A list that represents newly-added trailers, such as those provided
+ * with the --trailer command line option of git-interpret-trailers.
+ */
+struct new_trailer_item {
+	struct list_head list;
+
+	const char *text;
+
+	enum trailer_where where;
+	enum trailer_if_exists if_exists;
+	enum trailer_if_missing if_missing;
+};
+
+struct process_trailer_options {
+	int in_place;
+	int trim_empty;
+	int only_trailers;
+	int only_input;
+	int unfold;
+};
+
+#define PROCESS_TRAILER_OPTIONS_INIT {0}
+
+void process_trailers(const char *file,
+		      const struct process_trailer_options *opts,
+		      struct list_head *new_trailer_head);
+
+void trailer_info_get(struct trailer_info *info, const char *str);
+
+void trailer_info_release(struct trailer_info *info);
+
+/*
+ * Format the trailers from the commit msg "msg" into the strbuf "out".
+ * Note two caveats about "opts":
+ *
+ *   - this is primarily a helper for pretty.c, and not
+ *     all of the flags are supported.
+ *
+ *   - this differs from process_trailers slightly in that we always format
+ *     only the trailer block itself, even if the "only_trailers" option is not
+ *     set.
+ */
+void format_trailers_from_commit(struct strbuf *out, const char *msg,
+				 const struct process_trailer_options *opts);
 
 #endif /* TRAILER_H */
diff --git a/transport-helper.c b/transport-helper.c
index 5d99a6bc2e..143ca008c8 100644
--- a/transport-helper.c
+++ b/transport-helper.c
@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@
 #include "sigchain.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "refspec.h"
+#include "transport-internal.h"
+#include "protocol.h"
 
 static int debug;
 
@@ -25,6 +28,7 @@ struct helper_data {
 		option : 1,
 		push : 1,
 		connect : 1,
+		stateless_connect : 1,
 		signed_tags : 1,
 		check_connectivity : 1,
 		no_disconnect_req : 1,
@@ -32,8 +36,7 @@ struct helper_data {
 	char *export_marks;
 	char *import_marks;
 	/* These go from remote name (as in "list") to private name */
-	struct refspec *refspecs;
-	int refspec_nr;
+	struct refspec rs;
 	/* Transport options for fetch-pack/send-pack (should one of
 	 * those be invoked).
 	 */
@@ -44,17 +47,16 @@ static void sendline(struct helper_data *helper, struct strbuf *buffer)
 {
 	if (debug)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Debug: Remote helper: -> %s", buffer->buf);
-	if (write_in_full(helper->helper->in, buffer->buf, buffer->len)
-		!= buffer->len)
-		die_errno("Full write to remote helper failed");
+	if (write_in_full(helper->helper->in, buffer->buf, buffer->len) < 0)
+		die_errno(_("full write to remote helper failed"));
 }
 
-static int recvline_fh(FILE *helper, struct strbuf *buffer, const char *name)
+static int recvline_fh(FILE *helper, struct strbuf *buffer)
 {
 	strbuf_reset(buffer);
 	if (debug)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Debug: Remote helper: Waiting...\n");
-	if (strbuf_getline(buffer, helper, '\n') == EOF) {
+	if (strbuf_getline(buffer, helper) == EOF) {
 		if (debug)
 			fprintf(stderr, "Debug: Remote helper quit.\n");
 		return 1;
@@ -67,15 +69,15 @@ static int recvline_fh(FILE *helper, struct strbuf *buffer, const char *name)
 
 static int recvline(struct helper_data *helper, struct strbuf *buffer)
 {
-	return recvline_fh(helper->out, buffer, helper->name);
+	return recvline_fh(helper->out, buffer);
 }
 
 static void write_constant(int fd, const char *str)
 {
 	if (debug)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Debug: Remote helper: -> %s", str);
-	if (write_in_full(fd, str, strlen(str)) != strlen(str))
-		die_errno("Full write to remote helper failed");
+	if (write_in_full(fd, str, strlen(str)) < 0)
+		die_errno(_("full write to remote helper failed"));
 }
 
 static const char *remove_ext_force(const char *url)
@@ -104,9 +106,6 @@ static struct child_process *get_helper(struct transport *transport)
 	struct helper_data *data = transport->data;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct child_process *helper;
-	const char **refspecs = NULL;
-	int refspec_nr = 0;
-	int refspec_alloc = 0;
 	int duped;
 	int code;
 
@@ -124,26 +123,29 @@ static struct child_process *get_helper(struct transport *transport)
 	helper->git_cmd = 0;
 	helper->silent_exec_failure = 1;
 
-	argv_array_pushf(&helper->env_array, "%s=%s", GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT,
-			 get_git_dir());
+	if (have_git_dir())
+		argv_array_pushf(&helper->env_array, "%s=%s",
+				 GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, get_git_dir());
 
 	code = start_command(helper);
 	if (code < 0 && errno == ENOENT)
-		die("Unable to find remote helper for '%s'", data->name);
+		die(_("unable to find remote helper for '%s'"), data->name);
 	else if (code != 0)
 		exit(code);
 
 	data->helper = helper;
 	data->no_disconnect_req = 0;
+	refspec_init(&data->rs, REFSPEC_FETCH);
 
 	/*
-	 * Open the output as FILE* so strbuf_getline() can be used.
+	 * Open the output as FILE* so strbuf_getline_*() family of
+	 * functions can be used.
 	 * Do this with duped fd because fclose() will close the fd,
 	 * and stuff like taking over will require the fd to remain.
 	 */
 	duped = dup(helper->out);
 	if (duped < 0)
-		die_errno("Can't dup helper output fd");
+		die_errno(_("can't dup helper output fd"));
 	data->out = xfdopen(duped, "r");
 
 	write_constant(helper->in, "capabilities\n");
@@ -179,13 +181,12 @@ static struct child_process *get_helper(struct transport *transport)
 			data->export = 1;
 		else if (!strcmp(capname, "check-connectivity"))
 			data->check_connectivity = 1;
-		else if (!data->refspecs && skip_prefix(capname, "refspec ", &arg)) {
-			ALLOC_GROW(refspecs,
-				   refspec_nr + 1,
-				   refspec_alloc);
-			refspecs[refspec_nr++] = xstrdup(arg);
+		else if (skip_prefix(capname, "refspec ", &arg)) {
+			refspec_append(&data->rs, arg);
 		} else if (!strcmp(capname, "connect")) {
 			data->connect = 1;
+		} else if (!strcmp(capname, "stateless-connect")) {
+			data->stateless_connect = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(capname, "signed-tags")) {
 			data->signed_tags = 1;
 		} else if (skip_prefix(capname, "export-marks ", &arg)) {
@@ -195,20 +196,13 @@ static struct child_process *get_helper(struct transport *transport)
 		} else if (starts_with(capname, "no-private-update")) {
 			data->no_private_update = 1;
 		} else if (mandatory) {
-			die("Unknown mandatory capability %s. This remote "
-			    "helper probably needs newer version of Git.",
+			die(_("unknown mandatory capability %s; this remote "
+			      "helper probably needs newer version of Git"),
 			    capname);
 		}
 	}
-	if (refspecs) {
-		int i;
-		data->refspec_nr = refspec_nr;
-		data->refspecs = parse_fetch_refspec(refspec_nr, refspecs);
-		for (i = 0; i < refspec_nr; i++)
-			free((char *)refspecs[i]);
-		free(refspecs);
-	} else if (data->import || data->bidi_import || data->export) {
-		warning("This remote helper should implement refspec capability.");
+	if (!data->rs.nr && (data->import || data->bidi_import || data->export)) {
+		warning(_("this remote helper should implement refspec capability"));
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	if (debug)
@@ -240,8 +234,7 @@ static int disconnect_helper(struct transport *transport)
 		close(data->helper->out);
 		fclose(data->out);
 		res = finish_command(data->helper);
-		free(data->helper);
-		data->helper = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(data->helper);
 	}
 	return res;
 }
@@ -257,9 +250,51 @@ static const char *boolean_options[] = {
 	TRANS_OPT_THIN,
 	TRANS_OPT_KEEP,
 	TRANS_OPT_FOLLOWTAGS,
-	TRANS_OPT_PUSH_CERT
+	TRANS_OPT_DEEPEN_RELATIVE
 	};
 
+static int strbuf_set_helper_option(struct helper_data *data,
+				    struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	sendline(data, buf);
+	if (recvline(data, buf))
+		exit(128);
+
+	if (!strcmp(buf->buf, "ok"))
+		ret = 0;
+	else if (starts_with(buf->buf, "error"))
+		ret = -1;
+	else if (!strcmp(buf->buf, "unsupported"))
+		ret = 1;
+	else {
+		warning(_("%s unexpectedly said: '%s'"), data->name, buf->buf);
+		ret = 1;
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int string_list_set_helper_option(struct helper_data *data,
+					 const char *name,
+					 struct string_list *list)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i, ret = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++) {
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "option %s ", name);
+		quote_c_style(list->items[i].string, &buf, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+
+		if ((ret = strbuf_set_helper_option(data, &buf)))
+			break;
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 static int set_helper_option(struct transport *transport,
 			  const char *name, const char *value)
 {
@@ -272,6 +307,10 @@ static int set_helper_option(struct transport *transport,
 	if (!data->option)
 		return 1;
 
+	if (!strcmp(name, "deepen-not"))
+		return string_list_set_helper_option(data, name,
+						     (struct string_list *)value);
+
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_options); i++) {
 		if (!strcmp(name, unsupported_options[i]))
 			return 1;
@@ -291,20 +330,7 @@ static int set_helper_option(struct transport *transport,
 		quote_c_style(value, &buf, NULL, 0);
 	strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
 
-	sendline(data, &buf);
-	if (recvline(data, &buf))
-		exit(128);
-
-	if (!strcmp(buf.buf, "ok"))
-		ret = 0;
-	else if (starts_with(buf.buf, "error")) {
-		ret = -1;
-	} else if (!strcmp(buf.buf, "unsupported"))
-		ret = 1;
-	else {
-		warning("%s unexpectedly said: '%s'", data->name, buf.buf);
-		ret = 1;
-	}
+	ret = strbuf_set_helper_option(data, &buf);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -312,23 +338,34 @@ static int set_helper_option(struct transport *transport,
 static void standard_options(struct transport *t)
 {
 	char buf[16];
-	int n;
 	int v = t->verbose;
 
 	set_helper_option(t, "progress", t->progress ? "true" : "false");
 
-	n = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", v + 1);
-	if (n >= sizeof(buf))
-		die("impossibly large verbosity value");
+	xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", v + 1);
 	set_helper_option(t, "verbosity", buf);
+
+	switch (t->family) {
+	case TRANSPORT_FAMILY_ALL:
+		/*
+		 * this is already the default,
+		 * do not break old remote helpers by setting "all" here
+		 */
+		break;
+	case TRANSPORT_FAMILY_IPV4:
+		set_helper_option(t, "family", "ipv4");
+		break;
+	case TRANSPORT_FAMILY_IPV6:
+		set_helper_option(t, "family", "ipv6");
+		break;
+	}
 }
 
 static int release_helper(struct transport *transport)
 {
 	int res = 0;
 	struct helper_data *data = transport->data;
-	free_refspec(data->refspec_nr, data->refspecs);
-	data->refspecs = NULL;
+	refspec_clear(&data->rs);
 	res = disconnect_helper(transport);
 	free(transport->data);
 	return res;
@@ -347,7 +384,7 @@ static int fetch_with_fetch(struct transport *transport,
 			continue;
 
 		strbuf_addf(&buf, "fetch %s %s\n",
-			    sha1_to_hex(posn->old_sha1),
+			    oid_to_hex(&posn->old_oid),
 			    posn->symref ? posn->symref : posn->name);
 	}
 
@@ -361,7 +398,7 @@ static int fetch_with_fetch(struct transport *transport,
 		if (starts_with(buf.buf, "lock ")) {
 			const char *name = buf.buf + 5;
 			if (transport->pack_lockfile)
-				warning("%s also locked %s", data->name, name);
+				warning(_("%s also locked %s"), data->name, name);
 			else
 				transport->pack_lockfile = xstrdup(name);
 		}
@@ -372,7 +409,7 @@ static int fetch_with_fetch(struct transport *transport,
 		else if (!buf.len)
 			break;
 		else
-			warning("%s unexpectedly said: '%s'", data->name, buf.buf);
+			warning(_("%s unexpectedly said: '%s'"), data->name, buf.buf);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return 0;
@@ -439,7 +476,7 @@ static int fetch_with_import(struct transport *transport,
 	get_helper(transport);
 
 	if (get_importer(transport, &fastimport))
-		die("Couldn't run fast-import");
+		die(_("couldn't run fast-import"));
 
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++) {
 		posn = to_fetch[i];
@@ -462,7 +499,7 @@ static int fetch_with_import(struct transport *transport,
 	 */
 
 	if (finish_command(&fastimport))
-		die("Error while running fast-import");
+		die(_("error while running fast-import"));
 
 	/*
 	 * The fast-import stream of a remote helper that advertises
@@ -485,12 +522,13 @@ static int fetch_with_import(struct transport *transport,
 		if (posn->status & REF_STATUS_UPTODATE)
 			continue;
 		name = posn->symref ? posn->symref : posn->name;
-		if (data->refspecs)
-			private = apply_refspecs(data->refspecs, data->refspec_nr, name);
+		if (data->rs.nr)
+			private = apply_refspecs(&data->rs, name);
 		else
 			private = xstrdup(name);
 		if (private) {
-			read_ref(private, posn->old_sha1);
+			if (read_ref(private, &posn->old_oid) < 0)
+				die(_("could not read ref %s"), private);
 			free(private);
 		}
 	}
@@ -498,14 +536,13 @@ static int fetch_with_import(struct transport *transport,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int process_connect_service(struct transport *transport,
-				   const char *name, const char *exec)
+static int run_connect(struct transport *transport, struct strbuf *cmdbuf)
 {
 	struct helper_data *data = transport->data;
-	struct strbuf cmdbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct child_process *helper;
-	int r, duped, ret = 0;
+	int ret = 0;
+	int duped;
 	FILE *input;
+	struct child_process *helper;
 
 	helper = get_helper(transport);
 
@@ -517,50 +554,68 @@ static int process_connect_service(struct transport *transport,
 	 */
 	duped = dup(helper->out);
 	if (duped < 0)
-		die_errno("Can't dup helper output fd");
+		die_errno(_("can't dup helper output fd"));
 	input = xfdopen(duped, "r");
 	setvbuf(input, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
 
-	/*
-	 * Handle --upload-pack and friends. This is fire and forget...
-	 * just warn if it fails.
-	 */
-	if (strcmp(name, exec)) {
-		r = set_helper_option(transport, "servpath", exec);
-		if (r > 0)
-			warning("Setting remote service path not supported by protocol.");
-		else if (r < 0)
-			warning("Invalid remote service path.");
-	}
-
-	if (data->connect)
-		strbuf_addf(&cmdbuf, "connect %s\n", name);
-	else
-		goto exit;
-
-	sendline(data, &cmdbuf);
-	if (recvline_fh(input, &cmdbuf, name))
+	sendline(data, cmdbuf);
+	if (recvline_fh(input, cmdbuf))
 		exit(128);
 
-	if (!strcmp(cmdbuf.buf, "")) {
+	if (!strcmp(cmdbuf->buf, "")) {
 		data->no_disconnect_req = 1;
 		if (debug)
 			fprintf(stderr, "Debug: Smart transport connection "
 				"ready.\n");
 		ret = 1;
-	} else if (!strcmp(cmdbuf.buf, "fallback")) {
+	} else if (!strcmp(cmdbuf->buf, "fallback")) {
 		if (debug)
 			fprintf(stderr, "Debug: Falling back to dumb "
 				"transport.\n");
-	} else
-		die("Unknown response to connect: %s",
-			cmdbuf.buf);
+	} else {
+		die(_(_("unknown response to connect: %s")),
+		    cmdbuf->buf);
+	}
 
-exit:
 	fclose(input);
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static int process_connect_service(struct transport *transport,
+				   const char *name, const char *exec)
+{
+	struct helper_data *data = transport->data;
+	struct strbuf cmdbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Handle --upload-pack and friends. This is fire and forget...
+	 * just warn if it fails.
+	 */
+	if (strcmp(name, exec)) {
+		int r = set_helper_option(transport, "servpath", exec);
+		if (r > 0)
+			warning(_("setting remote service path not supported by protocol"));
+		else if (r < 0)
+			warning(_("invalid remote service path"));
+	}
+
+	if (data->connect) {
+		strbuf_addf(&cmdbuf, "connect %s\n", name);
+		ret = run_connect(transport, &cmdbuf);
+	} else if (data->stateless_connect &&
+		   (get_protocol_version_config() == protocol_v2) &&
+		   !strcmp("git-upload-pack", name)) {
+		strbuf_addf(&cmdbuf, "stateless-connect %s\n", name);
+		ret = run_connect(transport, &cmdbuf);
+		if (ret)
+			transport->stateless_rpc = 1;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&cmdbuf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 static int process_connect(struct transport *transport,
 				     int for_push)
 {
@@ -585,10 +640,10 @@ static int connect_helper(struct transport *transport, const char *name,
 	/* Get_helper so connect is inited. */
 	get_helper(transport);
 	if (!data->connect)
-		die("Operation not supported by protocol.");
+		die(_("operation not supported by protocol"));
 
 	if (!process_connect_service(transport, name, exec))
-		die("Can't connect to subservice %s.", name);
+		die(_("can't connect to subservice %s"), name);
 
 	fd[0] = data->helper->out;
 	fd[1] = data->helper->in;
@@ -603,7 +658,7 @@ static int fetch(struct transport *transport,
 
 	if (process_connect(transport, 0)) {
 		do_take_over(transport);
-		return transport->fetch(transport, nr_heads, to_fetch);
+		return transport->vtable->fetch(transport, nr_heads, to_fetch);
 	}
 
 	count = 0;
@@ -624,6 +679,14 @@ static int fetch(struct transport *transport,
 	if (data->transport_options.update_shallow)
 		set_helper_option(transport, "update-shallow", "true");
 
+	if (data->transport_options.filter_options.choice)
+		set_helper_option(
+			transport, "filter",
+			data->transport_options.filter_options.filter_spec);
+
+	if (data->transport_options.negotiation_tips)
+		warning("Ignoring --negotiation-tip because the protocol does not support it.");
+
 	if (data->fetch)
 		return fetch_with_fetch(transport, nr_heads, to_fetch);
 
@@ -647,7 +710,7 @@ static int push_update_ref_status(struct strbuf *buf,
 		status = REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT;
 		refname = buf->buf + 6;
 	} else
-		die("expected ok/error, helper said '%s'", buf->buf);
+		die(_("expected ok/error, helper said '%s'"), buf->buf);
 
 	msg = strchr(refname, ' ');
 	if (msg) {
@@ -663,43 +726,35 @@ static int push_update_ref_status(struct strbuf *buf,
 
 		if (!strcmp(msg, "no match")) {
 			status = REF_STATUS_NONE;
-			free(msg);
-			msg = NULL;
+			FREE_AND_NULL(msg);
 		}
 		else if (!strcmp(msg, "up to date")) {
 			status = REF_STATUS_UPTODATE;
-			free(msg);
-			msg = NULL;
+			FREE_AND_NULL(msg);
 		}
 		else if (!strcmp(msg, "non-fast forward")) {
 			status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD;
-			free(msg);
-			msg = NULL;
+			FREE_AND_NULL(msg);
 		}
 		else if (!strcmp(msg, "already exists")) {
 			status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS;
-			free(msg);
-			msg = NULL;
+			FREE_AND_NULL(msg);
 		}
 		else if (!strcmp(msg, "fetch first")) {
 			status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST;
-			free(msg);
-			msg = NULL;
+			FREE_AND_NULL(msg);
 		}
 		else if (!strcmp(msg, "needs force")) {
 			status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE;
-			free(msg);
-			msg = NULL;
+			FREE_AND_NULL(msg);
 		}
 		else if (!strcmp(msg, "stale info")) {
 			status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_STALE;
-			free(msg);
-			msg = NULL;
+			FREE_AND_NULL(msg);
 		}
 		else if (!strcmp(msg, "forced update")) {
 			forced = 1;
-			free(msg);
-			msg = NULL;
+			FREE_AND_NULL(msg);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -708,7 +763,7 @@ static int push_update_ref_status(struct strbuf *buf,
 	if (!*ref)
 		*ref = find_ref_by_name(remote_refs, refname);
 	if (!*ref) {
-		warning("helper reported unexpected status of %s", refname);
+		warning(_("helper reported unexpected status of %s"), refname);
 		return 1;
 	}
 
@@ -749,20 +804,43 @@ static int push_update_refs_status(struct helper_data *data,
 		if (push_update_ref_status(&buf, &ref, remote_refs))
 			continue;
 
-		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN || !data->refspecs || data->no_private_update)
+		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN || !data->rs.nr || data->no_private_update)
 			continue;
 
 		/* propagate back the update to the remote namespace */
-		private = apply_refspecs(data->refspecs, data->refspec_nr, ref->name);
+		private = apply_refspecs(&data->rs, ref->name);
 		if (!private)
 			continue;
-		update_ref("update by helper", private, ref->new_sha1, NULL, 0, 0);
+		update_ref("update by helper", private, &ref->new_oid, NULL,
+			   0, 0);
 		free(private);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static void set_common_push_options(struct transport *transport,
+				   const char *name, int flags)
+{
+	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN) {
+		if (set_helper_option(transport, "dry-run", "true") != 0)
+			die(_("helper %s does not support dry-run"), name);
+	} else if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS) {
+		if (set_helper_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_PUSH_CERT, "true") != 0)
+			die(_("helper %s does not support --signed"), name);
+	} else if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED) {
+		if (set_helper_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_PUSH_CERT, "if-asked") != 0)
+			die(_("helper %s does not support --signed=if-asked"), name);
+	}
+
+	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_OPTIONS) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, transport->push_options)
+			if (set_helper_option(transport, "push-option", item->string) != 0)
+				die(_("helper %s does not support 'push-option'"), name);
+	}
+}
+
 static int push_refs_with_push(struct transport *transport,
 			       struct ref *remote_refs, int flags)
 {
@@ -803,7 +881,7 @@ static int push_refs_with_push(struct transport *transport,
 			if (ref->peer_ref)
 				strbuf_addstr(&buf, ref->peer_ref->name);
 			else
-				strbuf_addstr(&buf, sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1));
+				strbuf_addstr(&buf, oid_to_hex(&ref->new_oid));
 		}
 		strbuf_addch(&buf, ':');
 		strbuf_addstr(&buf, ref->name);
@@ -812,15 +890,16 @@ static int push_refs_with_push(struct transport *transport,
 		/*
 		 * The "--force-with-lease" options without explicit
 		 * values to expect have already been expanded into
-		 * the ref->old_sha1_expect[] field; we can ignore
+		 * the ref->old_oid_expect[] field; we can ignore
 		 * transport->smart_options->cas altogether and instead
 		 * can enumerate them from the refs.
 		 */
 		if (ref->expect_old_sha1) {
 			struct strbuf cas = STRBUF_INIT;
 			strbuf_addf(&cas, "%s:%s",
-				    ref->name, sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1_expect));
-			string_list_append(&cas_options, strbuf_detach(&cas, NULL));
+				    ref->name, oid_to_hex(&ref->old_oid_expect));
+			string_list_append_nodup(&cas_options,
+						 strbuf_detach(&cas, NULL));
 		}
 	}
 	if (buf.len == 0) {
@@ -830,18 +909,12 @@ static int push_refs_with_push(struct transport *transport,
 
 	for_each_string_list_item(cas_option, &cas_options)
 		set_helper_option(transport, "cas", cas_option->string);
-
-	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN) {
-		if (set_helper_option(transport, "dry-run", "true") != 0)
-			die("helper %s does not support dry-run", data->name);
-	} else if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT) {
-		if (set_helper_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_PUSH_CERT, "true") != 0)
-			die("helper %s does not support --signed", data->name);
-	}
+	set_common_push_options(transport, data->name, flags);
 
 	strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
 	sendline(data, &buf);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	string_list_clear(&cas_options, 0);
 
 	return push_update_refs_status(data, remote_refs, flags);
 }
@@ -855,20 +928,13 @@ static int push_refs_with_export(struct transport *transport,
 	struct string_list revlist_args = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	if (!data->refspecs)
-		die("remote-helper doesn't support push; refspec needed");
-
-	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN) {
-		if (set_helper_option(transport, "dry-run", "true") != 0)
-			die("helper %s does not support dry-run", data->name);
-	} else if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT) {
-		if (set_helper_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_PUSH_CERT, "true") != 0)
-			die("helper %s does not support --signed", data->name);
-	}
+	if (!data->rs.nr)
+		die(_("remote-helper doesn't support push; refspec needed"));
 
+	set_common_push_options(transport, data->name, flags);
 	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE) {
 		if (set_helper_option(transport, "force", "true") != 0)
-			warning("helper %s does not support 'force'", data->name);
+			warning(_("helper %s does not support 'force'"), data->name);
 	}
 
 	helper = get_helper(transport);
@@ -877,13 +943,14 @@ static int push_refs_with_export(struct transport *transport,
 
 	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		char *private;
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct object_id oid;
 
-		private = apply_refspecs(data->refspecs, data->refspec_nr, ref->name);
-		if (private && !get_sha1(private, sha1)) {
+		private = apply_refspecs(&data->rs, ref->name);
+		if (private && !get_oid(private, &oid)) {
 			strbuf_addf(&buf, "^%s", private);
-			string_list_append(&revlist_args, strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL));
-			hashcpy(ref->old_sha1, sha1);
+			string_list_append_nodup(&revlist_args,
+						 strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL));
+			oidcpy(&ref->old_oid, &oid);
 		}
 		free(private);
 
@@ -894,10 +961,9 @@ static int push_refs_with_export(struct transport *transport,
 					int flag;
 
 					/* Follow symbolic refs (mainly for HEAD). */
-					name = resolve_ref_unsafe(
-						 ref->peer_ref->name,
-						 RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-						 sha1, &flag);
+					name = resolve_ref_unsafe(ref->peer_ref->name,
+								  RESOLVE_REF_READING,
+								  &oid, &flag);
 					if (!name || !(flag & REF_ISSYMREF))
 						name = ref->peer_ref->name;
 
@@ -915,12 +981,12 @@ static int push_refs_with_export(struct transport *transport,
 	}
 
 	if (get_exporter(transport, &exporter, &revlist_args))
-		die("Couldn't run fast-export");
+		die(_("couldn't run fast-export"));
 
 	string_list_clear(&revlist_args, 1);
 
 	if (finish_command(&exporter))
-		die("Error while running fast-export");
+		die(_("error while running fast-export"));
 	if (push_update_refs_status(data, remote_refs, flags))
 		return 1;
 
@@ -940,12 +1006,13 @@ static int push_refs(struct transport *transport,
 
 	if (process_connect(transport, 1)) {
 		do_take_over(transport);
-		return transport->push_refs(transport, remote_refs, flags);
+		return transport->vtable->push_refs(transport, remote_refs, flags);
 	}
 
 	if (!remote_refs) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "No refs in common and none specified; doing nothing.\n"
-			"Perhaps you should specify a branch such as 'master'.\n");
+		fprintf(stderr,
+			_("No refs in common and none specified; doing nothing.\n"
+			  "Perhaps you should specify a branch such as 'master'.\n"));
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -975,7 +1042,8 @@ static int has_attribute(const char *attrs, const char *attr) {
 	}
 }
 
-static struct ref *get_refs_list(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
+static struct ref *get_refs_list(struct transport *transport, int for_push,
+				 const struct argv_array *ref_prefixes)
 {
 	struct helper_data *data = transport->data;
 	struct child_process *helper;
@@ -988,7 +1056,7 @@ static struct ref *get_refs_list(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
 
 	if (process_connect(transport, for_push)) {
 		do_take_over(transport);
-		return transport->get_refs_list(transport, for_push);
+		return transport->vtable->get_refs_list(transport, for_push, ref_prefixes);
 	}
 
 	if (data->push && for_push)
@@ -1006,7 +1074,7 @@ static struct ref *get_refs_list(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
 
 		eov = strchr(buf.buf, ' ');
 		if (!eov)
-			die("Malformed response in ref list: %s", buf.buf);
+			die(_("malformed response in ref list: %s"), buf.buf);
 		eon = strchr(eov + 1, ' ');
 		*eov = '\0';
 		if (eon)
@@ -1015,11 +1083,13 @@ static struct ref *get_refs_list(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
 		if (buf.buf[0] == '@')
 			(*tail)->symref = xstrdup(buf.buf + 1);
 		else if (buf.buf[0] != '?')
-			get_sha1_hex(buf.buf, (*tail)->old_sha1);
+			get_oid_hex(buf.buf, &(*tail)->old_oid);
 		if (eon) {
 			if (has_attribute(eon + 1, "unchanged")) {
 				(*tail)->status |= REF_STATUS_UPTODATE;
-				read_ref((*tail)->name, (*tail)->old_sha1);
+				if (read_ref((*tail)->name, &(*tail)->old_oid) < 0)
+					die(_("could not read ref %s"),
+					    (*tail)->name);
 			}
 		}
 		tail = &((*tail)->next);
@@ -1034,21 +1104,27 @@ static struct ref *get_refs_list(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static struct transport_vtable vtable = {
+	set_helper_option,
+	get_refs_list,
+	fetch,
+	push_refs,
+	connect_helper,
+	release_helper
+};
+
 int transport_helper_init(struct transport *transport, const char *name)
 {
 	struct helper_data *data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*data));
 	data->name = name;
 
+	transport_check_allowed(name);
+
 	if (getenv("GIT_TRANSPORT_HELPER_DEBUG"))
 		debug = 1;
 
 	transport->data = data;
-	transport->set_option = set_helper_option;
-	transport->get_refs_list = get_refs_list;
-	transport->fetch = fetch;
-	transport->push_refs = push_refs;
-	transport->disconnect = release_helper;
-	transport->connect = connect_helper;
+	transport->vtable = &vtable;
 	transport->smart_options = &(data->transport_options);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1065,6 +1141,13 @@ int transport_helper_init(struct transport *transport, const char *name)
 __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
 static void transfer_debug(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
+	/*
+	 * NEEDSWORK: This function is sometimes used from multiple threads, and
+	 * we end up using debug_enabled racily. That "should not matter" since
+	 * we always write the same value, but it's still wrong. This function
+	 * is listed in .tsan-suppressions for the time being.
+	 */
+
 	va_list args;
 	char msgbuf[PBUFFERSIZE];
 	static int debug_enabled = -1;
@@ -1081,7 +1164,7 @@ static void transfer_debug(const char *fmt, ...)
 }
 
 /* Stream state: More data may be coming in this direction. */
-#define SSTATE_TRANSFERING 0
+#define SSTATE_TRANSFERRING 0
 /*
  * Stream state: No more data coming in this direction, flushing rest of
  * data.
@@ -1090,7 +1173,7 @@ static void transfer_debug(const char *fmt, ...)
 /* Stream state: Transfer in this direction finished. */
 #define SSTATE_FINISHED 2
 
-#define STATE_NEEDS_READING(state) ((state) <= SSTATE_TRANSFERING)
+#define STATE_NEEDS_READING(state) ((state) <= SSTATE_TRANSFERRING)
 #define STATE_NEEDS_WRITING(state) ((state) <= SSTATE_FLUSHING)
 #define STATE_NEEDS_CLOSING(state) ((state) == SSTATE_FLUSHING)
 
@@ -1130,7 +1213,7 @@ static void udt_close_if_finished(struct unidirectional_transfer *t)
 }
 
 /*
- * Tries to read read data from source into buffer. If buffer is full,
+ * Tries to read data from source into buffer. If buffer is full,
  * no data is read. Returns 0 on success, -1 on error.
  */
 static int udt_do_read(struct unidirectional_transfer *t)
@@ -1144,7 +1227,7 @@ static int udt_do_read(struct unidirectional_transfer *t)
 	bytes = read(t->src, t->buf + t->bufuse, BUFFERSIZE - t->bufuse);
 	if (bytes < 0 && errno != EWOULDBLOCK && errno != EAGAIN &&
 		errno != EINTR) {
-		error("read(%s) failed: %s", t->src_name, strerror(errno));
+		error_errno(_("read(%s) failed"), t->src_name);
 		return -1;
 	} else if (bytes == 0) {
 		transfer_debug("%s EOF (with %i bytes in buffer)",
@@ -1171,7 +1254,7 @@ static int udt_do_write(struct unidirectional_transfer *t)
 	transfer_debug("%s is writable", t->dest_name);
 	bytes = xwrite(t->dest, t->buf, t->bufuse);
 	if (bytes < 0 && errno != EWOULDBLOCK) {
-		error("write(%s) failed: %s", t->dest_name, strerror(errno));
+		error_errno(_("write(%s) failed"), t->dest_name);
 		return -1;
 	} else if (bytes > 0) {
 		t->bufuse -= bytes;
@@ -1220,11 +1303,11 @@ static int tloop_join(pthread_t thread, const char *name)
 	void *tret;
 	err = pthread_join(thread, &tret);
 	if (!tret) {
-		error("%s thread failed", name);
+		error(_("%s thread failed"), name);
 		return 1;
 	}
 	if (err) {
-		error("%s thread failed to join: %s", name, strerror(err));
+		error(_("%s thread failed to join: %s"), name, strerror(err));
 		return 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -1243,11 +1326,11 @@ static int tloop_spawnwait_tasks(struct bidirectional_transfer_state *s)
 	err = pthread_create(&gtp_thread, NULL, udt_copy_task_routine,
 		&s->gtp);
 	if (err)
-		die("Can't start thread for copying data: %s", strerror(err));
+		die(_("can't start thread for copying data: %s"), strerror(err));
 	err = pthread_create(&ptg_thread, NULL, udt_copy_task_routine,
 		&s->ptg);
 	if (err)
-		die("Can't start thread for copying data: %s", strerror(err));
+		die(_("can't start thread for copying data: %s"), strerror(err));
 
 	ret |= tloop_join(gtp_thread, "Git to program copy");
 	ret |= tloop_join(ptg_thread, "Program to git copy");
@@ -1284,11 +1367,11 @@ static int tloop_join(pid_t pid, const char *name)
 {
 	int tret;
 	if (waitpid(pid, &tret, 0) < 0) {
-		error("%s process failed to wait: %s", name, strerror(errno));
+		error_errno(_("%s process failed to wait"), name);
 		return 1;
 	}
 	if (!WIFEXITED(tret) || WEXITSTATUS(tret)) {
-		error("%s process failed", name);
+		error(_("%s process failed"), name);
 		return 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -1306,7 +1389,7 @@ static int tloop_spawnwait_tasks(struct bidirectional_transfer_state *s)
 	/* Fork thread #1: git to program. */
 	pid1 = fork();
 	if (pid1 < 0)
-		die_errno("Can't start thread for copying data");
+		die_errno(_("can't start thread for copying data"));
 	else if (pid1 == 0) {
 		udt_kill_transfer(&s->ptg);
 		exit(udt_copy_task_routine(&s->gtp) ? 0 : 1);
@@ -1315,7 +1398,7 @@ static int tloop_spawnwait_tasks(struct bidirectional_transfer_state *s)
 	/* Fork thread #2: program to git. */
 	pid2 = fork();
 	if (pid2 < 0)
-		die_errno("Can't start thread for copying data");
+		die_errno(_("can't start thread for copying data"));
 	else if (pid2 == 0) {
 		udt_kill_transfer(&s->gtp);
 		exit(udt_copy_task_routine(&s->ptg) ? 0 : 1);
@@ -1347,7 +1430,7 @@ int bidirectional_transfer_loop(int input, int output)
 	state.ptg.dest = 1;
 	state.ptg.src_is_sock = (input == output);
 	state.ptg.dest_is_sock = 0;
-	state.ptg.state = SSTATE_TRANSFERING;
+	state.ptg.state = SSTATE_TRANSFERRING;
 	state.ptg.bufuse = 0;
 	state.ptg.src_name = "remote input";
 	state.ptg.dest_name = "stdout";
@@ -1356,7 +1439,7 @@ int bidirectional_transfer_loop(int input, int output)
 	state.gtp.dest = output;
 	state.gtp.src_is_sock = 0;
 	state.gtp.dest_is_sock = (input == output);
-	state.gtp.state = SSTATE_TRANSFERING;
+	state.gtp.state = SSTATE_TRANSFERRING;
 	state.gtp.bufuse = 0;
 	state.gtp.src_name = "stdin";
 	state.gtp.dest_name = "remote output";
diff --git a/transport-internal.h b/transport-internal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1cde6258a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/transport-internal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+#ifndef TRANSPORT_INTERNAL_H
+#define TRANSPORT_INTERNAL_H
+
+struct ref;
+struct transport;
+struct argv_array;
+
+struct transport_vtable {
+	/**
+	 * Returns 0 if successful, positive if the option is not
+	 * recognized or is inapplicable, and negative if the option
+	 * is applicable but the value is invalid.
+	 **/
+	int (*set_option)(struct transport *connection, const char *name,
+			  const char *value);
+	/**
+	 * Returns a list of the remote side's refs. In order to allow
+	 * the transport to try to share connections, for_push is a
+	 * hint as to whether the ultimate operation is a push or a fetch.
+	 *
+	 * If communicating using protocol v2 a list of prefixes can be
+	 * provided to be sent to the server to enable it to limit the ref
+	 * advertisement.  Since ref filtering is done on the server's end, and
+	 * only when using protocol v2, this list will be ignored when not
+	 * using protocol v2 meaning this function can return refs which don't
+	 * match the provided ref_prefixes.
+	 *
+	 * If the transport is able to determine the remote hash for
+	 * the ref without a huge amount of effort, it should store it
+	 * in the ref's old_sha1 field; otherwise it should be all 0.
+	 **/
+	struct ref *(*get_refs_list)(struct transport *transport, int for_push,
+				     const struct argv_array *ref_prefixes);
+
+	/**
+	 * Fetch the objects for the given refs. Note that this gets
+	 * an array, and should ignore the list structure.
+	 *
+	 * If the transport did not get hashes for refs in
+	 * get_refs_list(), it should set the old_sha1 fields in the
+	 * provided refs now.
+	 **/
+	int (*fetch)(struct transport *transport, int refs_nr, struct ref **refs);
+
+	/**
+	 * Push the objects and refs. Send the necessary objects, and
+	 * then, for any refs where peer_ref is set and
+	 * peer_ref->new_oid is different from old_oid, tell the
+	 * remote side to update each ref in the list from old_oid to
+	 * peer_ref->new_oid.
+	 *
+	 * Where possible, set the status for each ref appropriately.
+	 *
+	 * The transport must modify new_sha1 in the ref to the new
+	 * value if the remote accepted the change. Note that this
+	 * could be a different value from peer_ref->new_oid if the
+	 * process involved generating new commits.
+	 **/
+	int (*push_refs)(struct transport *transport, struct ref *refs, int flags);
+	int (*connect)(struct transport *connection, const char *name,
+		       const char *executable, int fd[2]);
+
+	/** get_refs_list(), fetch(), and push_refs() can keep
+	 * resources (such as a connection) reserved for further
+	 * use. disconnect() releases these resources.
+	 **/
+	int (*disconnect)(struct transport *connection);
+};
+
+#endif
diff --git a/transport.c b/transport.c
index 0694a7cf3e..06ffea2774 100644
--- a/transport.c
+++ b/transport.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "transport.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
@@ -10,137 +11,65 @@
 #include "bundle.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "refspec.h"
 #include "branch.h"
 #include "url.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "sha1-array.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "transport-internal.h"
+#include "protocol.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "color.h"
+
+static int transport_use_color = -1;
+static char transport_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
+	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
+	GIT_COLOR_RED		/* REJECTED */
+};
 
-/* rsync support */
-
-/*
- * We copy packed-refs and refs/ into a temporary file, then read the
- * loose refs recursively (sorting whenever possible), and then inserting
- * those packed refs that are not yet in the list (not validating, but
- * assuming that the file is sorted).
- *
- * Appears refactoring this from refs.c is too cumbersome.
- */
+enum color_transport {
+	TRANSPORT_COLOR_RESET = 0,
+	TRANSPORT_COLOR_REJECTED = 1
+};
 
-static int str_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
+static int transport_color_config(void)
 {
-	const char *s1 = a;
-	const char *s2 = b;
-
-	return strcmp(s1, s2);
-}
+	const char *keys[] = {
+		"color.transport.reset",
+		"color.transport.rejected"
+	}, *key = "color.transport";
+	char *value;
+	int i;
+	static int initialized;
 
-/* path->buf + name_offset is expected to point to "refs/" */
+	if (initialized)
+		return 0;
+	initialized = 1;
 
-static int read_loose_refs(struct strbuf *path, int name_offset,
-		struct ref **tail)
-{
-	DIR *dir = opendir(path->buf);
-	struct dirent *de;
-	struct {
-		char **entries;
-		int nr, alloc;
-	} list;
-	int i, pathlen;
-
-	if (!dir)
-		return -1;
+	if (!git_config_get_string(key, &value))
+		transport_use_color = git_config_colorbool(key, value);
 
-	memset (&list, 0, sizeof(list));
+	if (!want_color_stderr(transport_use_color))
+		return 0;
 
-	while ((de = readdir(dir))) {
-		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name))
-			continue;
-		ALLOC_GROW(list.entries, list.nr + 1, list.alloc);
-		list.entries[list.nr++] = xstrdup(de->d_name);
-	}
-	closedir(dir);
-
-	/* sort the list */
-
-	qsort(list.entries, list.nr, sizeof(char *), str_cmp);
-
-	pathlen = path->len;
-	strbuf_addch(path, '/');
-
-	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++, strbuf_setlen(path, pathlen + 1)) {
-		strbuf_addstr(path, list.entries[i]);
-		if (read_loose_refs(path, name_offset, tail)) {
-			int fd = open(path->buf, O_RDONLY);
-			char buffer[40];
-			struct ref *next;
-
-			if (fd < 0)
-				continue;
-			next = alloc_ref(path->buf + name_offset);
-			if (read_in_full(fd, buffer, 40) != 40 ||
-					get_sha1_hex(buffer, next->old_sha1)) {
-				close(fd);
-				free(next);
-				continue;
-			}
-			close(fd);
-			(*tail)->next = next;
-			*tail = next;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(keys); i++)
+		if (!git_config_get_string(keys[i], &value)) {
+			if (!value)
+				return config_error_nonbool(keys[i]);
+			if (color_parse(value, transport_colors[i]) < 0)
+				return -1;
 		}
-	}
-	strbuf_setlen(path, pathlen);
-
-	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
-		free(list.entries[i]);
-	free(list.entries);
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-/* insert the packed refs for which no loose refs were found */
-
-static void insert_packed_refs(const char *packed_refs, struct ref **list)
+static const char *transport_get_color(enum color_transport ix)
 {
-	FILE *f = fopen(packed_refs, "r");
-	static char buffer[PATH_MAX];
-
-	if (!f)
-		return;
-
-	for (;;) {
-		int cmp = 0; /* assigned before used */
-		int len;
-
-		if (!fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), f)) {
-			fclose(f);
-			return;
-		}
-
-		if (hexval(buffer[0]) > 0xf)
-			continue;
-		len = strlen(buffer);
-		if (len && buffer[len - 1] == '\n')
-			buffer[--len] = '\0';
-		if (len < 41)
-			continue;
-		while ((*list)->next &&
-				(cmp = strcmp(buffer + 41,
-				      (*list)->next->name)) > 0)
-			list = &(*list)->next;
-		if (!(*list)->next || cmp < 0) {
-			struct ref *next = alloc_ref(buffer + 41);
-			buffer[40] = '\0';
-			if (get_sha1_hex(buffer, next->old_sha1)) {
-				warning ("invalid SHA-1: %s", buffer);
-				free(next);
-				continue;
-			}
-			next->next = (*list)->next;
-			(*list)->next = next;
-			list = &(*list)->next;
-		}
-	}
+	if (want_color_stderr(transport_use_color))
+		return transport_colors[ix];
+	return "";
 }
 
 static void set_upstreams(struct transport *transport, struct ref *refs,
@@ -151,7 +80,6 @@ static void set_upstreams(struct transport *transport, struct ref *refs,
 		const char *localname;
 		const char *tmp;
 		const char *remotename;
-		unsigned char sha[20];
 		int flag = 0;
 		/*
 		 * Check suitability for tracking. Must be successful /
@@ -162,14 +90,14 @@ static void set_upstreams(struct transport *transport, struct ref *refs,
 			continue;
 		if (!ref->peer_ref)
 			continue;
-		if (is_null_sha1(ref->new_sha1))
+		if (is_null_oid(&ref->new_oid))
 			continue;
 
 		/* Follow symbolic refs (mainly for HEAD). */
 		localname = ref->peer_ref->name;
 		remotename = ref->name;
 		tmp = resolve_ref_unsafe(localname, RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-					 sha, &flag);
+					 NULL, &flag);
 		if (tmp && flag & REF_ISSYMREF &&
 			starts_with(tmp, "refs/heads/"))
 			localname = tmp;
@@ -185,219 +113,20 @@ static void set_upstreams(struct transport *transport, struct ref *refs,
 				localname + 11, transport->remote->name,
 				remotename);
 		else
-			printf("Would set upstream of '%s' to '%s' of '%s'\n",
+			printf(_("Would set upstream of '%s' to '%s' of '%s'\n"),
 				localname + 11, remotename + 11,
 				transport->remote->name);
 	}
 }
 
-static const char *rsync_url(const char *url)
-{
-	if (!starts_with(url, "rsync://"))
-		skip_prefix(url, "rsync:", &url);
-	return url;
-}
-
-static struct ref *get_refs_via_rsync(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
-{
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, temp_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct ref dummy = {NULL}, *tail = &dummy;
-	struct child_process rsync = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-	const char *args[5];
-	int temp_dir_len;
-
-	if (for_push)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/* copy the refs to the temporary directory */
-
-	strbuf_addstr(&temp_dir, git_path("rsync-refs-XXXXXX"));
-	if (!mkdtemp(temp_dir.buf))
-		die_errno ("Could not make temporary directory");
-	temp_dir_len = temp_dir.len;
-
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, rsync_url(transport->url));
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "/refs");
-
-	rsync.argv = args;
-	rsync.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
-	args[0] = "rsync";
-	args[1] = (transport->verbose > 1) ? "-rv" : "-r";
-	args[2] = buf.buf;
-	args[3] = temp_dir.buf;
-	args[4] = NULL;
-
-	if (run_command(&rsync))
-		die ("Could not run rsync to get refs");
-
-	strbuf_reset(&buf);
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, rsync_url(transport->url));
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "/packed-refs");
-
-	args[2] = buf.buf;
-
-	if (run_command(&rsync))
-		die ("Could not run rsync to get refs");
-
-	/* read the copied refs */
-
-	strbuf_addstr(&temp_dir, "/refs");
-	read_loose_refs(&temp_dir, temp_dir_len + 1, &tail);
-	strbuf_setlen(&temp_dir, temp_dir_len);
-
-	tail = &dummy;
-	strbuf_addstr(&temp_dir, "/packed-refs");
-	insert_packed_refs(temp_dir.buf, &tail);
-	strbuf_setlen(&temp_dir, temp_dir_len);
-
-	if (remove_dir_recursively(&temp_dir, 0))
-		warning ("Error removing temporary directory %s.",
-				temp_dir.buf);
-
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	strbuf_release(&temp_dir);
-
-	return dummy.next;
-}
-
-static int fetch_objs_via_rsync(struct transport *transport,
-				int nr_objs, struct ref **to_fetch)
-{
-	struct child_process rsync = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-
-	rsync.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
-	argv_array_push(&rsync.args, "rsync");
-	argv_array_push(&rsync.args, (transport->verbose > 1) ? "-rv" : "-r");
-	argv_array_push(&rsync.args, "--ignore-existing");
-	argv_array_push(&rsync.args, "--exclude");
-	argv_array_push(&rsync.args, "info");
-	argv_array_pushf(&rsync.args, "%s/objects/", rsync_url(transport->url));
-	argv_array_push(&rsync.args, get_object_directory());
-
-	/* NEEDSWORK: handle one level of alternates */
-	return run_command(&rsync);
-}
-
-static int write_one_ref(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1,
-		int flags, void *data)
-{
-	struct strbuf *buf = data;
-	int len = buf->len;
-	FILE *f;
-
-	/* when called via for_each_ref(), flags is non-zero */
-	if (flags && !starts_with(name, "refs/heads/") &&
-			!starts_with(name, "refs/tags/"))
-		return 0;
-
-	strbuf_addstr(buf, name);
-	if (safe_create_leading_directories(buf->buf) ||
-			!(f = fopen(buf->buf, "w")) ||
-			fprintf(f, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1)) < 0 ||
-			fclose(f))
-		return error("problems writing temporary file %s", buf->buf);
-	strbuf_setlen(buf, len);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int write_refs_to_temp_dir(struct strbuf *temp_dir,
-		int refspec_nr, const char **refspec)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < refspec_nr; i++) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		char *ref;
-
-		if (dwim_ref(refspec[i], strlen(refspec[i]), sha1, &ref) != 1)
-			return error("Could not get ref %s", refspec[i]);
-
-		if (write_one_ref(ref, sha1, 0, temp_dir)) {
-			free(ref);
-			return -1;
-		}
-		free(ref);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int rsync_transport_push(struct transport *transport,
-		int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags)
-{
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, temp_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int result = 0, i;
-	struct child_process rsync = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-	const char *args[10];
-
-	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR)
-		return error("rsync transport does not support mirror mode");
-
-	/* first push the objects */
-
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, rsync_url(transport->url));
-	strbuf_addch(&buf, '/');
-
-	rsync.argv = args;
-	rsync.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
-	i = 0;
-	args[i++] = "rsync";
-	args[i++] = "-a";
-	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN)
-		args[i++] = "--dry-run";
-	if (transport->verbose > 1)
-		args[i++] = "-v";
-	args[i++] = "--ignore-existing";
-	args[i++] = "--exclude";
-	args[i++] = "info";
-	args[i++] = get_object_directory();
-	args[i++] = buf.buf;
-	args[i++] = NULL;
-
-	if (run_command(&rsync))
-		return error("Could not push objects to %s",
-				rsync_url(transport->url));
-
-	/* copy the refs to the temporary directory; they could be packed. */
-
-	strbuf_addstr(&temp_dir, git_path("rsync-refs-XXXXXX"));
-	if (!mkdtemp(temp_dir.buf))
-		die_errno ("Could not make temporary directory");
-	strbuf_addch(&temp_dir, '/');
-
-	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL) {
-		if (for_each_ref(write_one_ref, &temp_dir))
-			return -1;
-	} else if (write_refs_to_temp_dir(&temp_dir, refspec_nr, refspec))
-		return -1;
-
-	i = 2;
-	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN)
-		args[i++] = "--dry-run";
-	if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE))
-		args[i++] = "--ignore-existing";
-	args[i++] = temp_dir.buf;
-	args[i++] = rsync_url(transport->url);
-	args[i++] = NULL;
-	if (run_command(&rsync))
-		result = error("Could not push to %s",
-				rsync_url(transport->url));
-
-	if (remove_dir_recursively(&temp_dir, 0))
-		warning ("Could not remove temporary directory %s.",
-				temp_dir.buf);
-
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	strbuf_release(&temp_dir);
-
-	return result;
-}
-
 struct bundle_transport_data {
 	int fd;
 	struct bundle_header header;
 };
 
-static struct ref *get_refs_from_bundle(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
+static struct ref *get_refs_from_bundle(struct transport *transport,
+					int for_push,
+					const struct argv_array *ref_prefixes)
 {
 	struct bundle_transport_data *data = transport->data;
 	struct ref *result = NULL;
@@ -410,11 +139,11 @@ static struct ref *get_refs_from_bundle(struct transport *transport, int for_pus
 		close(data->fd);
 	data->fd = read_bundle_header(transport->url, &data->header);
 	if (data->fd < 0)
-		die ("Could not read bundle '%s'.", transport->url);
+		die(_("could not read bundle '%s'"), transport->url);
 	for (i = 0; i < data->header.references.nr; i++) {
 		struct ref_list_entry *e = data->header.references.list + i;
 		struct ref *ref = alloc_ref(e->name);
-		hashcpy(ref->old_sha1, e->sha1);
+		oidcpy(&ref->old_oid, &e->oid);
 		ref->next = result;
 		result = ref;
 	}
@@ -443,8 +172,9 @@ struct git_transport_data {
 	struct child_process *conn;
 	int fd[2];
 	unsigned got_remote_heads : 1;
-	struct sha1_array extra_have;
-	struct sha1_array shallow;
+	enum protocol_version version;
+	struct oid_array extra_have;
+	struct oid_array shallow;
 };
 
 static int set_git_option(struct git_transport_options *opts,
@@ -475,41 +205,82 @@ static int set_git_option(struct git_transport_options *opts,
 			char *end;
 			opts->depth = strtol(value, &end, 0);
 			if (*end)
-				die("transport: invalid depth option '%s'", value);
+				die(_("transport: invalid depth option '%s'"), value);
 		}
 		return 0;
-	} else if (!strcmp(name, TRANS_OPT_PUSH_CERT)) {
-		opts->push_cert = !!value;
+	} else if (!strcmp(name, TRANS_OPT_DEEPEN_SINCE)) {
+		opts->deepen_since = value;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(name, TRANS_OPT_DEEPEN_NOT)) {
+		opts->deepen_not = (const struct string_list *)value;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(name, TRANS_OPT_DEEPEN_RELATIVE)) {
+		opts->deepen_relative = !!value;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(name, TRANS_OPT_FROM_PROMISOR)) {
+		opts->from_promisor = !!value;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(name, TRANS_OPT_NO_DEPENDENTS)) {
+		opts->no_dependents = !!value;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!strcmp(name, TRANS_OPT_LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER)) {
+		parse_list_objects_filter(&opts->filter_options, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int connect_setup(struct transport *transport, int for_push, int verbose)
+static int connect_setup(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
 {
 	struct git_transport_data *data = transport->data;
+	int flags = transport->verbose > 0 ? CONNECT_VERBOSE : 0;
 
 	if (data->conn)
 		return 0;
 
+	switch (transport->family) {
+	case TRANSPORT_FAMILY_ALL: break;
+	case TRANSPORT_FAMILY_IPV4: flags |= CONNECT_IPV4; break;
+	case TRANSPORT_FAMILY_IPV6: flags |= CONNECT_IPV6; break;
+	}
+
 	data->conn = git_connect(data->fd, transport->url,
 				 for_push ? data->options.receivepack :
 				 data->options.uploadpack,
-				 verbose ? CONNECT_VERBOSE : 0);
+				 flags);
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static struct ref *get_refs_via_connect(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
+static struct ref *get_refs_via_connect(struct transport *transport, int for_push,
+					const struct argv_array *ref_prefixes)
 {
 	struct git_transport_data *data = transport->data;
-	struct ref *refs;
+	struct ref *refs = NULL;
+	struct packet_reader reader;
+
+	connect_setup(transport, for_push);
+
+	packet_reader_init(&reader, data->fd[0], NULL, 0,
+			   PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE |
+			   PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF);
 
-	connect_setup(transport, for_push, 0);
-	get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], NULL, 0, &refs,
-			 for_push ? REF_NORMAL : 0,
-			 &data->extra_have,
-			 &data->shallow);
+	data->version = discover_version(&reader);
+	switch (data->version) {
+	case protocol_v2:
+		get_remote_refs(data->fd[1], &reader, &refs, for_push,
+				ref_prefixes, transport->server_options);
+		break;
+	case protocol_v1:
+	case protocol_v0:
+		get_remote_heads(&reader, &refs,
+				 for_push ? REF_NORMAL : 0,
+				 &data->extra_have,
+				 &data->shallow);
+		break;
+	case protocol_unknown_version:
+		BUG("unknown protocol version");
+	}
 	data->got_remote_heads = 1;
 
 	return refs;
@@ -518,8 +289,9 @@ static struct ref *get_refs_via_connect(struct transport *transport, int for_pus
 static int fetch_refs_via_pack(struct transport *transport,
 			       int nr_heads, struct ref **to_fetch)
 {
+	int ret = 0;
 	struct git_transport_data *data = transport->data;
-	const struct ref *refs;
+	struct ref *refs = NULL;
 	char *dest = xstrdup(transport->url);
 	struct fetch_pack_args args;
 	struct ref *refs_tmp = NULL;
@@ -534,35 +306,60 @@ static int fetch_refs_via_pack(struct transport *transport,
 	args.quiet = (transport->verbose < 0);
 	args.no_progress = !transport->progress;
 	args.depth = data->options.depth;
+	args.deepen_since = data->options.deepen_since;
+	args.deepen_not = data->options.deepen_not;
+	args.deepen_relative = data->options.deepen_relative;
 	args.check_self_contained_and_connected =
 		data->options.check_self_contained_and_connected;
 	args.cloning = transport->cloning;
 	args.update_shallow = data->options.update_shallow;
-
-	if (!data->got_remote_heads) {
-		connect_setup(transport, 0, 0);
-		get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], NULL, 0, &refs_tmp, 0,
-				 NULL, &data->shallow);
-		data->got_remote_heads = 1;
+	args.from_promisor = data->options.from_promisor;
+	args.no_dependents = data->options.no_dependents;
+	args.filter_options = data->options.filter_options;
+	args.stateless_rpc = transport->stateless_rpc;
+	args.server_options = transport->server_options;
+	args.negotiation_tips = data->options.negotiation_tips;
+
+	if (!data->got_remote_heads)
+		refs_tmp = get_refs_via_connect(transport, 0, NULL);
+
+	switch (data->version) {
+	case protocol_v2:
+		refs = fetch_pack(&args, data->fd, data->conn,
+				  refs_tmp ? refs_tmp : transport->remote_refs,
+				  dest, to_fetch, nr_heads, &data->shallow,
+				  &transport->pack_lockfile, data->version);
+		break;
+	case protocol_v1:
+	case protocol_v0:
+		refs = fetch_pack(&args, data->fd, data->conn,
+				  refs_tmp ? refs_tmp : transport->remote_refs,
+				  dest, to_fetch, nr_heads, &data->shallow,
+				  &transport->pack_lockfile, data->version);
+		break;
+	case protocol_unknown_version:
+		BUG("unknown protocol version");
 	}
 
-	refs = fetch_pack(&args, data->fd, data->conn,
-			  refs_tmp ? refs_tmp : transport->remote_refs,
-			  dest, to_fetch, nr_heads, &data->shallow,
-			  &transport->pack_lockfile);
 	close(data->fd[0]);
 	close(data->fd[1]);
 	if (finish_connect(data->conn))
-		refs = NULL;
+		ret = -1;
 	data->conn = NULL;
 	data->got_remote_heads = 0;
 	data->options.self_contained_and_connected =
 		args.self_contained_and_connected;
+	data->options.connectivity_checked = args.connectivity_checked;
 
-	free_refs(refs_tmp);
+	if (refs == NULL)
+		ret = -1;
+	if (report_unmatched_refs(to_fetch, nr_heads))
+		ret = -1;
 
+	free_refs(refs_tmp);
+	free_refs(refs);
 	free(dest);
-	return (refs ? 0 : -1);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static int push_had_errors(struct ref *ref)
@@ -596,7 +393,7 @@ int transport_refs_pushed(struct ref *ref)
 
 void transport_update_tracking_ref(struct remote *remote, struct ref *ref, int verbose)
 {
-	struct refspec rs;
+	struct refspec_item rs;
 
 	if (ref->status != REF_STATUS_OK && ref->status != REF_STATUS_UPTODATE)
 		return;
@@ -608,15 +405,17 @@ void transport_update_tracking_ref(struct remote *remote, struct ref *ref, int v
 		if (verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr, "updating local tracking ref '%s'\n", rs.dst);
 		if (ref->deletion) {
-			delete_ref(rs.dst, NULL, 0);
+			delete_ref(NULL, rs.dst, NULL, 0);
 		} else
-			update_ref("update by push", rs.dst,
-					ref->new_sha1, NULL, 0, 0);
+			update_ref("update by push", rs.dst, &ref->new_oid,
+				   NULL, 0, 0);
 		free(rs.dst);
 	}
 }
 
-static void print_ref_status(char flag, const char *summary, struct ref *to, struct ref *from, const char *msg, int porcelain)
+static void print_ref_status(char flag, const char *summary,
+			     struct ref *to, struct ref *from, const char *msg,
+			     int porcelain, int summary_width)
 {
 	if (porcelain) {
 		if (from)
@@ -628,7 +427,13 @@ static void print_ref_status(char flag, const char *summary, struct ref *to, str
 		else
 			fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", summary);
 	} else {
-		fprintf(stderr, " %c %-*s ", flag, TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, summary);
+		const char *red = "", *reset = "";
+		if (push_had_errors(to)) {
+			red = transport_get_color(TRANSPORT_COLOR_REJECTED);
+			reset = transport_get_color(TRANSPORT_COLOR_RESET);
+		}
+		fprintf(stderr, " %s%c %-*s%s ", red, flag, summary_width,
+			summary, reset);
 		if (from)
 			fprintf(stderr, "%s -> %s", prettify_refname(from->name), prettify_refname(to->name));
 		else
@@ -642,130 +447,165 @@ static void print_ref_status(char flag, const char *summary, struct ref *to, str
 	}
 }
 
-static const char *status_abbrev(unsigned char sha1[20])
-{
-	return find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
-}
-
-static void print_ok_ref_status(struct ref *ref, int porcelain)
+static void print_ok_ref_status(struct ref *ref, int porcelain, int summary_width)
 {
 	if (ref->deletion)
-		print_ref_status('-', "[deleted]", ref, NULL, NULL, porcelain);
-	else if (is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1))
+		print_ref_status('-', "[deleted]", ref, NULL, NULL,
+				 porcelain, summary_width);
+	else if (is_null_oid(&ref->old_oid))
 		print_ref_status('*',
 			(starts_with(ref->name, "refs/tags/") ? "[new tag]" :
 			"[new branch]"),
-			ref, ref->peer_ref, NULL, porcelain);
+			ref, ref->peer_ref, NULL, porcelain, summary_width);
 	else {
-		char quickref[84];
+		struct strbuf quickref = STRBUF_INIT;
 		char type;
 		const char *msg;
 
-		strcpy(quickref, status_abbrev(ref->old_sha1));
+		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, &ref->old_oid,
+					 DEFAULT_ABBREV);
 		if (ref->forced_update) {
-			strcat(quickref, "...");
+			strbuf_addstr(&quickref, "...");
 			type = '+';
 			msg = "forced update";
 		} else {
-			strcat(quickref, "..");
+			strbuf_addstr(&quickref, "..");
 			type = ' ';
 			msg = NULL;
 		}
-		strcat(quickref, status_abbrev(ref->new_sha1));
+		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&quickref, &ref->new_oid,
+					 DEFAULT_ABBREV);
 
-		print_ref_status(type, quickref, ref, ref->peer_ref, msg, porcelain);
+		print_ref_status(type, quickref.buf, ref, ref->peer_ref, msg,
+				 porcelain, summary_width);
+		strbuf_release(&quickref);
 	}
 }
 
-static int print_one_push_status(struct ref *ref, const char *dest, int count, int porcelain)
+static int print_one_push_status(struct ref *ref, const char *dest, int count,
+				 int porcelain, int summary_width)
 {
-	if (!count)
-		fprintf(porcelain ? stdout : stderr, "To %s\n", dest);
+	if (!count) {
+		char *url = transport_anonymize_url(dest);
+		fprintf(porcelain ? stdout : stderr, "To %s\n", url);
+		free(url);
+	}
 
 	switch(ref->status) {
 	case REF_STATUS_NONE:
-		print_ref_status('X', "[no match]", ref, NULL, NULL, porcelain);
+		print_ref_status('X', "[no match]", ref, NULL, NULL,
+				 porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NODELETE:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, NULL,
-						 "remote does not support deleting refs", porcelain);
+				 "remote does not support deleting refs",
+				 porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
 		print_ref_status('=', "[up to date]", ref,
-						 ref->peer_ref, NULL, porcelain);
+				 ref->peer_ref, NULL, porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
-						 "non-fast-forward", porcelain);
+				 "non-fast-forward", porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
-						 "already exists", porcelain);
+				 "already exists", porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
-						 "fetch first", porcelain);
+				 "fetch first", porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
-						 "needs force", porcelain);
+				 "needs force", porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_STALE:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
-						 "stale info", porcelain);
+				 "stale info", porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_SHALLOW:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
-						 "new shallow roots not allowed", porcelain);
+				 "new shallow roots not allowed",
+				 porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[remote rejected]", ref,
-						 ref->deletion ? NULL : ref->peer_ref,
-						 ref->remote_status, porcelain);
+				 ref->deletion ? NULL : ref->peer_ref,
+				 ref->remote_status, porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[remote failure]", ref,
-						 ref->deletion ? NULL : ref->peer_ref,
-						 "remote failed to report status", porcelain);
+				 ref->deletion ? NULL : ref->peer_ref,
+				 "remote failed to report status",
+				 porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_ATOMIC_PUSH_FAILED:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
-						 "atomic push failed", porcelain);
+				 "atomic push failed", porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_OK:
-		print_ok_ref_status(ref, porcelain);
+		print_ok_ref_status(ref, porcelain, summary_width);
 		break;
 	}
 
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static int measure_abbrev(const struct object_id *oid, int sofar)
+{
+	char hex[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
+	int w = find_unique_abbrev_r(hex, oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+
+	return (w < sofar) ? sofar : w;
+}
+
+int transport_summary_width(const struct ref *refs)
+{
+	int maxw = -1;
+
+	for (; refs; refs = refs->next) {
+		maxw = measure_abbrev(&refs->old_oid, maxw);
+		maxw = measure_abbrev(&refs->new_oid, maxw);
+	}
+	if (maxw < 0)
+		maxw = FALLBACK_DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+	return (2 * maxw + 3);
+}
+
 void transport_print_push_status(const char *dest, struct ref *refs,
 				  int verbose, int porcelain, unsigned int *reject_reasons)
 {
 	struct ref *ref;
 	int n = 0;
-	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
 	char *head;
+	int summary_width = transport_summary_width(refs);
 
-	head = resolve_refdup("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING, head_sha1, NULL);
+	if (transport_color_config() < 0)
+		warning(_("could not parse transport.color.* config"));
+
+	head = resolve_refdup("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING, NULL, NULL);
 
 	if (verbose) {
 		for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
 			if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_UPTODATE)
-				n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n, porcelain);
+				n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n,
+							   porcelain, summary_width);
 	}
 
 	for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
 		if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_OK)
-			n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n, porcelain);
+			n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n,
+						   porcelain, summary_width);
 
 	*reject_reasons = 0;
 	for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		if (ref->status != REF_STATUS_NONE &&
 		    ref->status != REF_STATUS_UPTODATE &&
 		    ref->status != REF_STATUS_OK)
-			n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n, porcelain);
+			n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n,
+						   porcelain, summary_width);
 		if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD) {
 			if (head != NULL && !strcmp(head, ref->name))
 				*reject_reasons |= REJECT_NON_FF_HEAD;
@@ -782,43 +622,17 @@ void transport_print_push_status(const char *dest, struct ref *refs,
 	free(head);
 }
 
-void transport_verify_remote_names(int nr_heads, const char **heads)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++) {
-		const char *local = heads[i];
-		const char *remote = strrchr(heads[i], ':');
-
-		if (*local == '+')
-			local++;
-
-		/* A matching refspec is okay.  */
-		if (remote == local && remote[1] == '\0')
-			continue;
-
-		remote = remote ? (remote + 1) : local;
-		if (check_refname_format(remote,
-				REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL|REFNAME_REFSPEC_PATTERN))
-			die("remote part of refspec is not a valid name in %s",
-				heads[i]);
-	}
-}
-
 static int git_transport_push(struct transport *transport, struct ref *remote_refs, int flags)
 {
 	struct git_transport_data *data = transport->data;
 	struct send_pack_args args;
-	int ret;
+	int ret = 0;
 
-	if (!data->got_remote_heads) {
-		struct ref *tmp_refs;
-		connect_setup(transport, 1, 0);
+	if (transport_color_config() < 0)
+		return -1;
 
-		get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], NULL, 0, &tmp_refs, REF_NORMAL,
-				 NULL, &data->shallow);
-		data->got_remote_heads = 1;
-	}
+	if (!data->got_remote_heads)
+		get_refs_via_connect(transport, 1, NULL);
 
 	memset(&args, 0, sizeof(args));
 	args.send_mirror = !!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR);
@@ -829,12 +643,29 @@ static int git_transport_push(struct transport *transport, struct ref *remote_re
 	args.progress = transport->progress;
 	args.dry_run = !!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN);
 	args.porcelain = !!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_PORCELAIN);
-	args.push_cert = !!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT);
 	args.atomic = !!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ATOMIC);
+	args.push_options = transport->push_options;
 	args.url = transport->url;
 
-	ret = send_pack(&args, data->fd, data->conn, remote_refs,
-			&data->extra_have);
+	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS)
+		args.push_cert = SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS;
+	else if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED)
+		args.push_cert = SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED;
+	else
+		args.push_cert = SEND_PACK_PUSH_CERT_NEVER;
+
+	switch (data->version) {
+	case protocol_v2:
+		die(_("support for protocol v2 not implemented yet"));
+		break;
+	case protocol_v1:
+	case protocol_v0:
+		ret = send_pack(&args, data->fd, data->conn, remote_refs,
+				&data->extra_have);
+		break;
+	case protocol_unknown_version:
+		BUG("unknown protocol version");
+	}
 
 	close(data->fd[1]);
 	close(data->fd[0]);
@@ -871,13 +702,22 @@ static int disconnect_git(struct transport *transport)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static struct transport_vtable taken_over_vtable = {
+	NULL,
+	get_refs_via_connect,
+	fetch_refs_via_pack,
+	git_transport_push,
+	NULL,
+	disconnect_git
+};
+
 void transport_take_over(struct transport *transport,
 			 struct child_process *child)
 {
 	struct git_transport_data *data;
 
 	if (!transport->smart_options)
-		die("Bug detected: Taking over transport requires non-NULL "
+		BUG("taking over transport requires non-NULL "
 		    "smart_options field.");
 
 	data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*data));
@@ -888,12 +728,7 @@ void transport_take_over(struct transport *transport,
 	data->got_remote_heads = 0;
 	transport->data = data;
 
-	transport->set_option = NULL;
-	transport->get_refs_list = get_refs_via_connect;
-	transport->fetch = fetch_refs_via_pack;
-	transport->push = NULL;
-	transport->push_refs = git_transport_push;
-	transport->disconnect = disconnect_git;
+	transport->vtable = &taken_over_vtable;
 	transport->smart_options = &(data->options);
 
 	transport->cannot_reuse = 1;
@@ -912,6 +747,128 @@ static int external_specification_len(const char *url)
 	return strchr(url, ':') - url;
 }
 
+static const struct string_list *protocol_whitelist(void)
+{
+	static int enabled = -1;
+	static struct string_list allowed = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+
+	if (enabled < 0) {
+		const char *v = getenv("GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL");
+		if (v) {
+			string_list_split(&allowed, v, ':', -1);
+			string_list_sort(&allowed);
+			enabled = 1;
+		} else {
+			enabled = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return enabled ? &allowed : NULL;
+}
+
+enum protocol_allow_config {
+	PROTOCOL_ALLOW_NEVER = 0,
+	PROTOCOL_ALLOW_USER_ONLY,
+	PROTOCOL_ALLOW_ALWAYS
+};
+
+static enum protocol_allow_config parse_protocol_config(const char *key,
+							const char *value)
+{
+	if (!strcasecmp(value, "always"))
+		return PROTOCOL_ALLOW_ALWAYS;
+	else if (!strcasecmp(value, "never"))
+		return PROTOCOL_ALLOW_NEVER;
+	else if (!strcasecmp(value, "user"))
+		return PROTOCOL_ALLOW_USER_ONLY;
+
+	die(_("unknown value for config '%s': %s"), key, value);
+}
+
+static enum protocol_allow_config get_protocol_config(const char *type)
+{
+	char *key = xstrfmt("protocol.%s.allow", type);
+	char *value;
+
+	/* first check the per-protocol config */
+	if (!git_config_get_string(key, &value)) {
+		enum protocol_allow_config ret =
+			parse_protocol_config(key, value);
+		free(key);
+		free(value);
+		return ret;
+	}
+	free(key);
+
+	/* if defined, fallback to user-defined default for unknown protocols */
+	if (!git_config_get_string("protocol.allow", &value)) {
+		enum protocol_allow_config ret =
+			parse_protocol_config("protocol.allow", value);
+		free(value);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	/* fallback to built-in defaults */
+	/* known safe */
+	if (!strcmp(type, "http") ||
+	    !strcmp(type, "https") ||
+	    !strcmp(type, "git") ||
+	    !strcmp(type, "ssh") ||
+	    !strcmp(type, "file"))
+		return PROTOCOL_ALLOW_ALWAYS;
+
+	/* known scary; err on the side of caution */
+	if (!strcmp(type, "ext"))
+		return PROTOCOL_ALLOW_NEVER;
+
+	/* unknown; by default let them be used only directly by the user */
+	return PROTOCOL_ALLOW_USER_ONLY;
+}
+
+int is_transport_allowed(const char *type, int from_user)
+{
+	const struct string_list *whitelist = protocol_whitelist();
+	if (whitelist)
+		return string_list_has_string(whitelist, type);
+
+	switch (get_protocol_config(type)) {
+	case PROTOCOL_ALLOW_ALWAYS:
+		return 1;
+	case PROTOCOL_ALLOW_NEVER:
+		return 0;
+	case PROTOCOL_ALLOW_USER_ONLY:
+		if (from_user < 0)
+			from_user = git_env_bool("GIT_PROTOCOL_FROM_USER", 1);
+		return from_user;
+	}
+
+	BUG("invalid protocol_allow_config type");
+}
+
+void transport_check_allowed(const char *type)
+{
+	if (!is_transport_allowed(type, -1))
+		die(_("transport '%s' not allowed"), type);
+}
+
+static struct transport_vtable bundle_vtable = {
+	NULL,
+	get_refs_from_bundle,
+	fetch_refs_from_bundle,
+	NULL,
+	NULL,
+	close_bundle
+};
+
+static struct transport_vtable builtin_smart_vtable = {
+	NULL,
+	get_refs_via_connect,
+	fetch_refs_via_pack,
+	git_transport_push,
+	connect_git,
+	disconnect_git
+};
+
 struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
 {
 	const char *helper;
@@ -920,7 +877,7 @@ struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
 	ret->progress = isatty(2);
 
 	if (!remote)
-		die("No remote provided to transport_get()");
+		BUG("No remote provided to transport_get()");
 
 	ret->got_remote_refs = 0;
 	ret->remote = remote;
@@ -943,32 +900,27 @@ struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
 	if (helper) {
 		transport_helper_init(ret, helper);
 	} else if (starts_with(url, "rsync:")) {
-		ret->get_refs_list = get_refs_via_rsync;
-		ret->fetch = fetch_objs_via_rsync;
-		ret->push = rsync_transport_push;
-		ret->smart_options = NULL;
+		die(_("git-over-rsync is no longer supported"));
 	} else if (url_is_local_not_ssh(url) && is_file(url) && is_bundle(url, 1)) {
 		struct bundle_transport_data *data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*data));
+		transport_check_allowed("file");
 		ret->data = data;
-		ret->get_refs_list = get_refs_from_bundle;
-		ret->fetch = fetch_refs_from_bundle;
-		ret->disconnect = close_bundle;
+		ret->vtable = &bundle_vtable;
 		ret->smart_options = NULL;
 	} else if (!is_url(url)
 		|| starts_with(url, "file://")
 		|| starts_with(url, "git://")
 		|| starts_with(url, "ssh://")
-		|| starts_with(url, "git+ssh://")
-		|| starts_with(url, "ssh+git://")) {
-		/* These are builtin smart transports. */
+		|| starts_with(url, "git+ssh://") /* deprecated - do not use */
+		|| starts_with(url, "ssh+git://") /* deprecated - do not use */
+		) {
+		/*
+		 * These are builtin smart transports; "allowed" transports
+		 * will be checked individually in git_connect.
+		 */
 		struct git_transport_data *data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*data));
 		ret->data = data;
-		ret->set_option = NULL;
-		ret->get_refs_list = get_refs_via_connect;
-		ret->fetch = fetch_refs_via_pack;
-		ret->push_refs = git_transport_push;
-		ret->connect = connect_git;
-		ret->disconnect = disconnect_git;
+		ret->vtable = &builtin_smart_vtable;
 		ret->smart_options = &(data->options);
 
 		data->conn = NULL;
@@ -1002,9 +954,9 @@ int transport_set_option(struct transport *transport,
 		git_reports = set_git_option(transport->smart_options,
 					     name, value);
 
-	if (transport->set_option)
-		protocol_reports = transport->set_option(transport, name,
-							value);
+	if (transport->vtable->set_option)
+		protocol_reports = transport->vtable->set_option(transport,
+								 name, value);
 
 	/* If either report is 0, report 0 (success). */
 	if (!git_reports || !protocol_reports)
@@ -1043,19 +995,19 @@ static void die_with_unpushed_submodules(struct string_list *needs_pushing)
 {
 	int i;
 
-	fprintf(stderr, "The following submodule paths contain changes that can\n"
-			"not be found on any remote:\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, _("The following submodule paths contain changes that can\n"
+			"not be found on any remote:\n"));
 	for (i = 0; i < needs_pushing->nr; i++)
-		printf("  %s\n", needs_pushing->items[i].string);
-	fprintf(stderr, "\nPlease try\n\n"
-			"	git push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n\n"
-			"or cd to the path and use\n\n"
-			"	git push\n\n"
-			"to push them to a remote.\n\n");
+		fprintf(stderr, "  %s\n", needs_pushing->items[i].string);
+	fprintf(stderr, _("\nPlease try\n\n"
+			  "	git push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n\n"
+			  "or cd to the path and use\n\n"
+			  "	git push\n\n"
+			  "to push them to a remote.\n\n"));
 
 	string_list_clear(needs_pushing, 0);
 
-	die("Aborting.");
+	die(_("Aborting."));
 }
 
 static int run_pre_push_hook(struct transport *transport,
@@ -1082,6 +1034,8 @@ static int run_pre_push_hook(struct transport *transport,
 		return -1;
 	}
 
+	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+
 	strbuf_init(&buf, 256);
 
 	for (r = remote_refs; r; r = r->next) {
@@ -1092,11 +1046,13 @@ static int run_pre_push_hook(struct transport *transport,
 
 		strbuf_reset(&buf);
 		strbuf_addf( &buf, "%s %s %s %s\n",
-			 r->peer_ref->name, sha1_to_hex(r->new_sha1),
-			 r->name, sha1_to_hex(r->old_sha1));
+			 r->peer_ref->name, oid_to_hex(&r->new_oid),
+			 r->name, oid_to_hex(&r->old_oid));
 
-		if (write_in_full(proc.in, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len) {
-			ret = -1;
+		if (write_in_full(proc.in, buf.buf, buf.len) < 0) {
+			/* We do not mind if a hook does not read all refs. */
+			if (errno != EPIPE)
+				ret = -1;
 			break;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1107,6 +1063,8 @@ static int run_pre_push_hook(struct transport *transport,
 	if (!ret)
 		ret = x;
 
+	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
+
 	x = finish_command(&proc);
 	if (!ret)
 		ret = x;
@@ -1115,19 +1073,15 @@ static int run_pre_push_hook(struct transport *transport,
 }
 
 int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
-		   int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags,
+		   struct refspec *rs, int flags,
 		   unsigned int *reject_reasons)
 {
 	*reject_reasons = 0;
-	transport_verify_remote_names(refspec_nr, refspec);
 
-	if (transport->push) {
-		/* Maybe FIXME. But no important transport uses this case. */
-		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_SET_UPSTREAM)
-			die("This transport does not support using --set-upstream");
+	if (transport_color_config() < 0)
+		return -1;
 
-		return transport->push(transport, refspec_nr, refspec, flags);
-	} else if (transport->push_refs) {
+	if (transport->vtable->push_refs) {
 		struct ref *remote_refs;
 		struct ref *local_refs = get_local_heads();
 		int match_flags = MATCH_REFS_NONE;
@@ -1136,11 +1090,17 @@ int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
 		int porcelain = flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_PORCELAIN;
 		int pretend = flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN;
 		int push_ret, ret, err;
+		struct argv_array ref_prefixes = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 
-		if (check_push_refs(local_refs, refspec_nr, refspec) < 0)
+		if (check_push_refs(local_refs, rs) < 0)
 			return -1;
 
-		remote_refs = transport->get_refs_list(transport, 1);
+		refspec_ref_prefixes(rs, &ref_prefixes);
+
+		remote_refs = transport->vtable->get_refs_list(transport, 1,
+							       &ref_prefixes);
+
+		argv_array_clear(&ref_prefixes);
 
 		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL)
 			match_flags |= MATCH_REFS_ALL;
@@ -1151,10 +1111,8 @@ int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
 		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_FOLLOW_TAGS)
 			match_flags |= MATCH_REFS_FOLLOW_TAGS;
 
-		if (match_push_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs,
-				    refspec_nr, refspec, match_flags)) {
+		if (match_push_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs, rs, match_flags))
 			return -1;
-		}
 
 		if (transport->smart_options &&
 		    transport->smart_options->cas &&
@@ -1170,28 +1128,54 @@ int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
 			if (run_pre_push_hook(transport, remote_refs))
 				return -1;
 
-		if ((flags & TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND) && !is_bare_repository()) {
+		if ((flags & (TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND |
+			      TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ONLY)) &&
+		    !is_bare_repository()) {
 			struct ref *ref = remote_refs;
+			struct oid_array commits = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
+
 			for (; ref; ref = ref->next)
-				if (!is_null_sha1(ref->new_sha1) &&
-				    !push_unpushed_submodules(ref->new_sha1,
-					    transport->remote->name))
-				    die ("Failed to push all needed submodules!");
+				if (!is_null_oid(&ref->new_oid))
+					oid_array_append(&commits,
+							  &ref->new_oid);
+
+			if (!push_unpushed_submodules(&commits,
+						      transport->remote,
+						      rs,
+						      transport->push_options,
+						      pretend)) {
+				oid_array_clear(&commits);
+				die(_("failed to push all needed submodules"));
+			}
+			oid_array_clear(&commits);
 		}
 
-		if ((flags & (TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND |
-			      TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK)) && !is_bare_repository()) {
+		if (((flags & TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK) ||
+		     ((flags & (TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND |
+				TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ONLY)) &&
+		      !pretend)) && !is_bare_repository()) {
 			struct ref *ref = remote_refs;
 			struct string_list needs_pushing = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+			struct oid_array commits = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
 
 			for (; ref; ref = ref->next)
-				if (!is_null_sha1(ref->new_sha1) &&
-				    find_unpushed_submodules(ref->new_sha1,
-					    transport->remote->name, &needs_pushing))
-					die_with_unpushed_submodules(&needs_pushing);
+				if (!is_null_oid(&ref->new_oid))
+					oid_array_append(&commits,
+							  &ref->new_oid);
+
+			if (find_unpushed_submodules(&commits, transport->remote->name,
+						&needs_pushing)) {
+				oid_array_clear(&commits);
+				die_with_unpushed_submodules(&needs_pushing);
+			}
+			string_list_clear(&needs_pushing, 0);
+			oid_array_clear(&commits);
 		}
 
-		push_ret = transport->push_refs(transport, remote_refs, flags);
+		if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ONLY))
+			push_ret = transport->vtable->push_refs(transport, remote_refs, flags);
+		else
+			push_ret = 0;
 		err = push_had_errors(remote_refs);
 		ret = push_ret | err;
 
@@ -1203,7 +1187,8 @@ int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
 		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_SET_UPSTREAM)
 			set_upstreams(transport, remote_refs, pretend);
 
-		if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN)) {
+		if (!(flags & (TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN |
+			       TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ONLY))) {
 			struct ref *ref;
 			for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
 				transport_update_tracking_ref(transport->remote, ref, verbose);
@@ -1219,10 +1204,13 @@ int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
 	return 1;
 }
 
-const struct ref *transport_get_remote_refs(struct transport *transport)
+const struct ref *transport_get_remote_refs(struct transport *transport,
+					    const struct argv_array *ref_prefixes)
 {
 	if (!transport->got_remote_refs) {
-		transport->remote_refs = transport->get_refs_list(transport, 0);
+		transport->remote_refs =
+			transport->vtable->get_refs_list(transport, 0,
+							 ref_prefixes);
 		transport->got_remote_refs = 1;
 	}
 
@@ -1239,8 +1227,8 @@ int transport_fetch_refs(struct transport *transport, struct ref *refs)
 	for (rm = refs; rm; rm = rm->next) {
 		nr_refs++;
 		if (rm->peer_ref &&
-		    !is_null_sha1(rm->old_sha1) &&
-		    !hashcmp(rm->peer_ref->old_sha1, rm->old_sha1))
+		    !is_null_oid(&rm->old_oid) &&
+		    !oidcmp(&rm->peer_ref->old_oid, &rm->old_oid))
 			continue;
 		ALLOC_GROW(heads, nr_heads + 1, nr_alloc);
 		heads[nr_heads++] = rm;
@@ -1254,12 +1242,12 @@ int transport_fetch_refs(struct transport *transport, struct ref *refs)
 		 * This condition shouldn't be met in a non-deepening fetch
 		 * (see builtin/fetch.c:quickfetch()).
 		 */
-		heads = xmalloc(nr_refs * sizeof(*heads));
+		ALLOC_ARRAY(heads, nr_refs);
 		for (rm = refs; rm; rm = rm->next)
 			heads[nr_heads++] = rm;
 	}
 
-	rc = transport->fetch(transport, nr_heads, heads);
+	rc = transport->vtable->fetch(transport, nr_heads, heads);
 
 	free(heads);
 	return rc;
@@ -1269,25 +1257,24 @@ void transport_unlock_pack(struct transport *transport)
 {
 	if (transport->pack_lockfile) {
 		unlink_or_warn(transport->pack_lockfile);
-		free(transport->pack_lockfile);
-		transport->pack_lockfile = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(transport->pack_lockfile);
 	}
 }
 
 int transport_connect(struct transport *transport, const char *name,
 		      const char *exec, int fd[2])
 {
-	if (transport->connect)
-		return transport->connect(transport, name, exec, fd);
+	if (transport->vtable->connect)
+		return transport->vtable->connect(transport, name, exec, fd);
 	else
-		die("Operation not supported by protocol");
+		die(_("operation not supported by protocol"));
 }
 
 int transport_disconnect(struct transport *transport)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
-	if (transport->disconnect)
-		ret = transport->disconnect(transport);
+	if (transport->vtable->disconnect)
+		ret = transport->vtable->disconnect(transport);
 	free(transport);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -1298,7 +1285,7 @@ int transport_disconnect(struct transport *transport)
  */
 char *transport_anonymize_url(const char *url)
 {
-	char *anon_url, *scheme_prefix, *anon_part;
+	char *scheme_prefix, *anon_part;
 	size_t anon_len, prefix_len = 0;
 
 	anon_part = strchr(url, '@');
@@ -1332,14 +1319,48 @@ char *transport_anonymize_url(const char *url)
 			goto literal_copy;
 		prefix_len = scheme_prefix - url + 3;
 	}
-	anon_url = xcalloc(1, 1 + prefix_len + anon_len);
-	memcpy(anon_url, url, prefix_len);
-	memcpy(anon_url + prefix_len, anon_part, anon_len);
-	return anon_url;
+	return xstrfmt("%.*s%.*s", (int)prefix_len, url,
+		       (int)anon_len, anon_part);
 literal_copy:
 	return xstrdup(url);
 }
 
+static void read_alternate_refs(const char *path,
+				alternate_ref_fn *cb,
+				void *data)
+{
+	struct child_process cmd = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *fh;
+
+	cmd.git_cmd = 1;
+	argv_array_pushf(&cmd.args, "--git-dir=%s", path);
+	argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "for-each-ref");
+	argv_array_push(&cmd.args, "--format=%(objectname) %(refname)");
+	cmd.env = local_repo_env;
+	cmd.out = -1;
+
+	if (start_command(&cmd))
+		return;
+
+	fh = xfdopen(cmd.out, "r");
+	while (strbuf_getline_lf(&line, fh) != EOF) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+
+		if (get_oid_hex(line.buf, &oid) ||
+		    line.buf[GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ] != ' ') {
+			warning(_("invalid line while parsing alternate refs: %s"),
+				line.buf);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		cb(line.buf + GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1, &oid, data);
+	}
+
+	fclose(fh);
+	finish_command(&cmd);
+}
+
 struct alternate_refs_data {
 	alternate_ref_fn *fn;
 	void *data;
@@ -1348,36 +1369,26 @@ struct alternate_refs_data {
 static int refs_from_alternate_cb(struct alternate_object_database *e,
 				  void *data)
 {
-	char *other;
-	size_t len;
-	struct remote *remote;
-	struct transport *transport;
-	const struct ref *extra;
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t base_len;
 	struct alternate_refs_data *cb = data;
 
-	e->name[-1] = '\0';
-	other = xstrdup(real_path(e->base));
-	e->name[-1] = '/';
-	len = strlen(other);
-
-	while (other[len-1] == '/')
-		other[--len] = '\0';
-	if (len < 8 || memcmp(other + len - 8, "/objects", 8))
+	if (!strbuf_realpath(&path, e->path, 0))
+		goto out;
+	if (!strbuf_strip_suffix(&path, "/objects"))
 		goto out;
+	base_len = path.len;
+
 	/* Is this a git repository with refs? */
-	memcpy(other + len - 8, "/refs", 6);
-	if (!is_directory(other))
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, "/refs");
+	if (!is_directory(path.buf))
 		goto out;
-	other[len - 8] = '\0';
-	remote = remote_get(other);
-	transport = transport_get(remote, other);
-	for (extra = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
-	     extra;
-	     extra = extra->next)
-		cb->fn(extra, cb->data);
-	transport_disconnect(transport);
+	strbuf_setlen(&path, base_len);
+
+	read_alternate_refs(path.buf, cb->fn, cb->data);
+
 out:
-	free(other);
+	strbuf_release(&path);
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/transport.h b/transport.h
index 18d2cf8275..01e717c29e 100644
--- a/transport.h
+++ b/transport.h
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "remote.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"
+
+struct string_list;
 
 struct git_transport_options {
 	unsigned thin : 1;
@@ -12,14 +15,48 @@ struct git_transport_options {
 	unsigned check_self_contained_and_connected : 1;
 	unsigned self_contained_and_connected : 1;
 	unsigned update_shallow : 1;
-	unsigned push_cert : 1;
+	unsigned deepen_relative : 1;
+	unsigned from_promisor : 1;
+	unsigned no_dependents : 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * If this transport supports connect or stateless-connect,
+	 * the corresponding field in struct fetch_pack_args is copied
+	 * here after fetching.
+	 *
+	 * See the definition of connectivity_checked in struct
+	 * fetch_pack_args for more information.
+	 */
+	unsigned connectivity_checked:1;
+
 	int depth;
+	const char *deepen_since;
+	const struct string_list *deepen_not;
 	const char *uploadpack;
 	const char *receivepack;
 	struct push_cas_option *cas;
+	struct list_objects_filter_options filter_options;
+
+	/*
+	 * This is only used during fetch. See the documentation of
+	 * negotiation_tips in struct fetch_pack_args.
+	 *
+	 * This field is only supported by transports that support connect or
+	 * stateless_connect. Set this field directly instead of using
+	 * transport_set_option().
+	 */
+	struct oid_array *negotiation_tips;
+};
+
+enum transport_family {
+	TRANSPORT_FAMILY_ALL = 0,
+	TRANSPORT_FAMILY_IPV4,
+	TRANSPORT_FAMILY_IPV6
 };
 
 struct transport {
+	const struct transport_vtable *vtable;
+
 	struct remote *remote;
 	const char *url;
 	void *data;
@@ -43,59 +80,24 @@ struct transport {
 	 */
 	unsigned cloning : 1;
 
-	/**
-	 * Returns 0 if successful, positive if the option is not
-	 * recognized or is inapplicable, and negative if the option
-	 * is applicable but the value is invalid.
-	 **/
-	int (*set_option)(struct transport *connection, const char *name,
-			  const char *value);
+	/*
+	 * Indicates that the transport is connected via a half-duplex
+	 * connection and should operate in stateless-rpc mode.
+	 */
+	unsigned stateless_rpc : 1;
 
-	/**
-	 * Returns a list of the remote side's refs. In order to allow
-	 * the transport to try to share connections, for_push is a
-	 * hint as to whether the ultimate operation is a push or a fetch.
-	 *
-	 * If the transport is able to determine the remote hash for
-	 * the ref without a huge amount of effort, it should store it
-	 * in the ref's old_sha1 field; otherwise it should be all 0.
-	 **/
-	struct ref *(*get_refs_list)(struct transport *transport, int for_push);
+	/*
+	 * These strings will be passed to the {pre, post}-receive hook,
+	 * on the remote side, if both sides support the push options capability.
+	 */
+	const struct string_list *push_options;
 
-	/**
-	 * Fetch the objects for the given refs. Note that this gets
-	 * an array, and should ignore the list structure.
-	 *
-	 * If the transport did not get hashes for refs in
-	 * get_refs_list(), it should set the old_sha1 fields in the
-	 * provided refs now.
-	 **/
-	int (*fetch)(struct transport *transport, int refs_nr, struct ref **refs);
+	/*
+	 * These strings will be passed to the remote side on each command
+	 * request, if both sides support the server-option capability.
+	 */
+	const struct string_list *server_options;
 
-	/**
-	 * Push the objects and refs. Send the necessary objects, and
-	 * then, for any refs where peer_ref is set and
-	 * peer_ref->new_sha1 is different from old_sha1, tell the
-	 * remote side to update each ref in the list from old_sha1 to
-	 * peer_ref->new_sha1.
-	 *
-	 * Where possible, set the status for each ref appropriately.
-	 *
-	 * The transport must modify new_sha1 in the ref to the new
-	 * value if the remote accepted the change. Note that this
-	 * could be a different value from peer_ref->new_sha1 if the
-	 * process involved generating new commits.
-	 **/
-	int (*push_refs)(struct transport *transport, struct ref *refs, int flags);
-	int (*push)(struct transport *connection, int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags);
-	int (*connect)(struct transport *connection, const char *name,
-		       const char *executable, int fd[2]);
-
-	/** get_refs_list(), fetch(), and push_refs() can keep
-	 * resources (such as a connection) reserved for further
-	 * use. disconnect() releases these resources.
-	 **/
-	int (*disconnect)(struct transport *connection);
 	char *pack_lockfile;
 	signed verbose : 3;
 	/**
@@ -111,28 +113,51 @@ struct transport {
 	 * actually turns out to be smart.
 	 */
 	struct git_transport_options *smart_options;
+
+	enum transport_family family;
 };
 
-#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL 1
-#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE 2
-#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN 4
-#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR 8
-#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_PORCELAIN 16
-#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_SET_UPSTREAM 32
-#define TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK 64
-#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_PRUNE 128
-#define TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND 256
-#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_NO_HOOK 512
-#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_FOLLOW_TAGS 1024
-#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT 2048
-#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_ATOMIC 4096
-
-#define TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH (2 * DEFAULT_ABBREV + 3)
-#define TRANSPORT_SUMMARY(x) (int)(TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH + strlen(x) - gettext_width(x)), (x)
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL			(1<<0)
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE			(1<<1)
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN			(1<<2)
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR			(1<<3)
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_PORCELAIN		(1<<4)
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_SET_UPSTREAM		(1<<5)
+#define TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK	(1<<6)
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_PRUNE			(1<<7)
+#define TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND	(1<<8)
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_NO_HOOK			(1<<9)
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_FOLLOW_TAGS		(1<<10)
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_ALWAYS		(1<<11)
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_CERT_IF_ASKED		(1<<12)
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_ATOMIC			(1<<13)
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_OPTIONS			(1<<14)
+#define TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ONLY	(1<<15)
+
+extern int transport_summary_width(const struct ref *refs);
 
 /* Returns a transport suitable for the url */
 struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *, const char *);
 
+/*
+ * Check whether a transport is allowed by the environment.
+ *
+ * Type should generally be the URL scheme, as described in
+ * Documentation/git.txt
+ *
+ * from_user specifies if the transport was given by the user.  If unknown pass
+ * a -1 to read from the environment to determine if the transport was given by
+ * the user.
+ *
+ */
+int is_transport_allowed(const char *type, int from_user);
+
+/*
+ * Check whether a transport is allowed by the environment,
+ * and die otherwise.
+ */
+void transport_check_allowed(const char *type);
+
 /* Transport options which apply to git:// and scp-style URLs */
 
 /* The program to use on the remote side to send a pack */
@@ -153,6 +178,15 @@ struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *, const char *);
 /* Limit the depth of the fetch if not null */
 #define TRANS_OPT_DEPTH "depth"
 
+/* Limit the depth of the fetch based on time if not null */
+#define TRANS_OPT_DEEPEN_SINCE "deepen-since"
+
+/* Limit the depth of the fetch based on revs if not null */
+#define TRANS_OPT_DEEPEN_NOT "deepen-not"
+
+/* Limit the deepen of the fetch if not null */
+#define TRANS_OPT_DEEPEN_RELATIVE "deepen-relative"
+
 /* Aggressively fetch annotated tags if possible */
 #define TRANS_OPT_FOLLOWTAGS "followtags"
 
@@ -162,6 +196,18 @@ struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *, const char *);
 /* Send push certificates */
 #define TRANS_OPT_PUSH_CERT "pushcert"
 
+/* Indicate that these objects are being fetched by a promisor */
+#define TRANS_OPT_FROM_PROMISOR "from-promisor"
+
+/*
+ * Indicate that only the objects wanted need to be fetched, not their
+ * dependents
+ */
+#define TRANS_OPT_NO_DEPENDENTS "no-dependents"
+
+/* Filter objects for partial clone and fetch */
+#define TRANS_OPT_LIST_OBJECTS_FILTER "filter"
+
 /**
  * Returns 0 if the option was used, non-zero otherwise. Prints a
  * message to stderr if the option is not used.
@@ -178,10 +224,20 @@ void transport_set_verbosity(struct transport *transport, int verbosity,
 #define REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE     0x10
 
 int transport_push(struct transport *connection,
-		   int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags,
+		   struct refspec *rs, int flags,
 		   unsigned int * reject_reasons);
 
-const struct ref *transport_get_remote_refs(struct transport *transport);
+/*
+ * Retrieve refs from a remote.
+ *
+ * Optionally a list of ref prefixes can be provided which can be sent to the
+ * server (when communicating using protocol v2) to enable it to limit the ref
+ * advertisement.  Since ref filtering is done on the server's end (and only
+ * when using protocol v2), this can return refs which don't match the provided
+ * ref_prefixes.
+ */
+const struct ref *transport_get_remote_refs(struct transport *transport,
+					    const struct argv_array *ref_prefixes);
 
 int transport_fetch_refs(struct transport *transport, struct ref *refs);
 void transport_unlock_pack(struct transport *transport);
@@ -198,8 +254,6 @@ int transport_helper_init(struct transport *transport, const char *name);
 int bidirectional_transfer_loop(int input, int output);
 
 /* common methods used by transport.c and builtin/send-pack.c */
-void transport_verify_remote_names(int nr_heads, const char **heads);
-
 void transport_update_tracking_ref(struct remote *remote, struct ref *ref, int verbose);
 
 int transport_refs_pushed(struct ref *ref);
@@ -207,6 +261,6 @@ int transport_refs_pushed(struct ref *ref);
 void transport_print_push_status(const char *dest, struct ref *refs,
 		  int verbose, int porcelain, unsigned int *reject_reasons);
 
-typedef void alternate_ref_fn(const struct ref *, void *);
+typedef void alternate_ref_fn(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid, void *);
 extern void for_each_alternate_ref(alternate_ref_fn, void *);
 #endif
diff --git a/tree-diff.c b/tree-diff.c
index e7b378c8b2..553bc0e63a 100644
--- a/tree-diff.c
+++ b/tree-diff.c
@@ -14,13 +14,24 @@
  */
 #define S_IFXMIN_NEQ	S_DIFFTREE_IFXMIN_NEQ
 
+#define FAST_ARRAY_ALLOC(x, nr) do { \
+	if ((nr) <= 2) \
+		(x) = xalloca((nr) * sizeof(*(x))); \
+	else \
+		ALLOC_ARRAY((x), nr); \
+} while(0)
+#define FAST_ARRAY_FREE(x, nr) do { \
+	if ((nr) > 2) \
+		free((x)); \
+} while(0)
 
 static struct combine_diff_path *ll_diff_tree_paths(
-	struct combine_diff_path *p, const unsigned char *sha1,
-	const unsigned char **parents_sha1, int nparent,
+	struct combine_diff_path *p, const struct object_id *oid,
+	const struct object_id **parents_oid, int nparent,
 	struct strbuf *base, struct diff_options *opt);
-static int ll_diff_tree_sha1(const unsigned char *old, const unsigned char *new,
-			     struct strbuf *base, struct diff_options *opt);
+static int ll_diff_tree_oid(const struct object_id *old_oid,
+			    const struct object_id *new_oid,
+			    struct strbuf *base, struct diff_options *opt);
 
 /*
  * Compare two tree entries, taking into account only path/S_ISDIR(mode),
@@ -64,25 +75,25 @@ static int emit_diff_first_parent_only(struct diff_options *opt, struct combine_
 {
 	struct combine_diff_parent *p0 = &p->parent[0];
 	if (p->mode && p0->mode) {
-		opt->change(opt, p0->mode, p->mode, p0->sha1, p->sha1,
+		opt->change(opt, p0->mode, p->mode, &p0->oid, &p->oid,
 			1, 1, p->path, 0, 0);
 	}
 	else {
-		const unsigned char *sha1;
+		const struct object_id *oid;
 		unsigned int mode;
 		int addremove;
 
 		if (p->mode) {
 			addremove = '+';
-			sha1 = p->sha1;
+			oid = &p->oid;
 			mode = p->mode;
 		} else {
 			addremove = '-';
-			sha1 = p0->sha1;
+			oid = &p0->oid;
 			mode = p0->mode;
 		}
 
-		opt->add_remove(opt, addremove, mode, sha1, 1, p->path, 0);
+		opt->add_remove(opt, addremove, mode, oid, 1, p->path, 0);
 	}
 
 	return 0;	/* we are done with p */
@@ -121,17 +132,16 @@ static int emit_diff_first_parent_only(struct diff_options *opt, struct combine_
  */
 static struct combine_diff_path *path_appendnew(struct combine_diff_path *last,
 	int nparent, const struct strbuf *base, const char *path, int pathlen,
-	unsigned mode, const unsigned char *sha1)
+	unsigned mode, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct combine_diff_path *p;
-	int len = base->len + pathlen;
-	int alloclen = combine_diff_path_size(nparent, len);
+	size_t len = st_add(base->len, pathlen);
+	size_t alloclen = combine_diff_path_size(nparent, len);
 
 	/* if last->next is !NULL - it is a pre-allocated memory, we can reuse */
 	p = last->next;
 	if (p && (alloclen > (intptr_t)p->next)) {
-		free(p);
-		p = NULL;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(p);
 	}
 
 	if (!p) {
@@ -151,7 +161,7 @@ static struct combine_diff_path *path_appendnew(struct combine_diff_path *last,
 	memcpy(p->path + base->len, path, pathlen);
 	p->path[len] = 0;
 	p->mode = mode;
-	hashcpy(p->sha1, sha1 ? sha1 : null_sha1);
+	oidcpy(&p->oid, oid ? oid : &null_oid);
 
 	return p;
 }
@@ -173,7 +183,7 @@ static struct combine_diff_path *emit_path(struct combine_diff_path *p,
 {
 	unsigned mode;
 	const char *path;
-	const unsigned char *sha1;
+	const struct object_id *oid;
 	int pathlen;
 	int old_baselen = base->len;
 	int i, isdir, recurse = 0, emitthis = 1;
@@ -183,7 +193,7 @@ static struct combine_diff_path *emit_path(struct combine_diff_path *p,
 
 	if (t) {
 		/* path present in resulting tree */
-		sha1 = tree_entry_extract(t, &path, &mode);
+		oid = tree_entry_extract(t, &path, &mode);
 		pathlen = tree_entry_len(&t->entry);
 		isdir = S_ISDIR(mode);
 	} else {
@@ -198,19 +208,19 @@ static struct combine_diff_path *emit_path(struct combine_diff_path *p,
 		pathlen = tree_entry_len(&tp[imin].entry);
 
 		isdir = S_ISDIR(mode);
-		sha1 = NULL;
+		oid = NULL;
 		mode = 0;
 	}
 
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, RECURSIVE) && isdir) {
+	if (opt->flags.recursive && isdir) {
 		recurse = 1;
-		emitthis = DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, TREE_IN_RECURSIVE);
+		emitthis = opt->flags.tree_in_recursive;
 	}
 
 	if (emitthis) {
 		int keep;
 		struct combine_diff_path *pprev = p;
-		p = path_appendnew(p, nparent, base, path, pathlen, mode, sha1);
+		p = path_appendnew(p, nparent, base, path, pathlen, mode, oid);
 
 		for (i = 0; i < nparent; ++i) {
 			/*
@@ -219,7 +229,7 @@ static struct combine_diff_path *emit_path(struct combine_diff_path *p,
 			 */
 			int tpi_valid = tp && !(tp[i].entry.mode & S_IFXMIN_NEQ);
 
-			const unsigned char *sha1_i;
+			const struct object_id *oid_i;
 			unsigned mode_i;
 
 			p->parent[i].status =
@@ -229,16 +239,16 @@ static struct combine_diff_path *emit_path(struct combine_diff_path *p,
 						DIFF_STATUS_ADDED;
 
 			if (tpi_valid) {
-				sha1_i = tp[i].entry.sha1;
+				oid_i = tp[i].entry.oid;
 				mode_i = tp[i].entry.mode;
 			}
 			else {
-				sha1_i = NULL;
+				oid_i = &null_oid;
 				mode_i = 0;
 			}
 
 			p->parent[i].mode = mode_i;
-			hashcpy(p->parent[i].sha1, sha1_i ? sha1_i : null_sha1);
+			oidcpy(&p->parent[i].oid, oid_i);
 		}
 
 		keep = 1;
@@ -263,21 +273,20 @@ static struct combine_diff_path *emit_path(struct combine_diff_path *p,
 	}
 
 	if (recurse) {
-		const unsigned char **parents_sha1;
+		const struct object_id **parents_oid;
 
-		parents_sha1 = xalloca(nparent * sizeof(parents_sha1[0]));
+		FAST_ARRAY_ALLOC(parents_oid, nparent);
 		for (i = 0; i < nparent; ++i) {
 			/* same rule as in emitthis */
 			int tpi_valid = tp && !(tp[i].entry.mode & S_IFXMIN_NEQ);
 
-			parents_sha1[i] = tpi_valid ? tp[i].entry.sha1
-						    : NULL;
+			parents_oid[i] = tpi_valid ? tp[i].entry.oid : NULL;
 		}
 
 		strbuf_add(base, path, pathlen);
 		strbuf_addch(base, '/');
-		p = ll_diff_tree_paths(p, sha1, parents_sha1, nparent, base, opt);
-		xalloca_free(parents_sha1);
+		p = ll_diff_tree_paths(p, oid, parents_oid, nparent, base, opt);
+		FAST_ARRAY_FREE(parents_oid, nparent);
 	}
 
 	strbuf_setlen(base, old_baselen);
@@ -302,7 +311,7 @@ static void skip_uninteresting(struct tree_desc *t, struct strbuf *base,
 
 
 /*
- * generate paths for combined diff D(sha1,parents_sha1[])
+ * generate paths for combined diff D(sha1,parents_oid[])
  *
  * Resulting paths are appended to combine_diff_path linked list, and also, are
  * emitted on the go via opt->pathchange() callback, so it is possible to
@@ -394,29 +403,29 @@ static inline void update_tp_entries(struct tree_desc *tp, int nparent)
 }
 
 static struct combine_diff_path *ll_diff_tree_paths(
-	struct combine_diff_path *p, const unsigned char *sha1,
-	const unsigned char **parents_sha1, int nparent,
+	struct combine_diff_path *p, const struct object_id *oid,
+	const struct object_id **parents_oid, int nparent,
 	struct strbuf *base, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
 	struct tree_desc t, *tp;
 	void *ttree, **tptree;
 	int i;
 
-	tp     = xalloca(nparent * sizeof(tp[0]));
-	tptree = xalloca(nparent * sizeof(tptree[0]));
+	FAST_ARRAY_ALLOC(tp, nparent);
+	FAST_ARRAY_ALLOC(tptree, nparent);
 
 	/*
 	 * load parents first, as they are probably already cached.
 	 *
 	 * ( log_tree_diff() parses commit->parent before calling here via
-	 *   diff_tree_sha1(parent, commit) )
+	 *   diff_tree_oid(parent, commit) )
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < nparent; ++i)
-		tptree[i] = fill_tree_descriptor(&tp[i], parents_sha1[i]);
-	ttree = fill_tree_descriptor(&t, sha1);
+		tptree[i] = fill_tree_descriptor(&tp[i], parents_oid[i]);
+	ttree = fill_tree_descriptor(&t, oid);
 
 	/* Enable recursion indefinitely */
-	opt->pathspec.recursive = DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, RECURSIVE);
+	opt->pathspec.recursive = opt->flags.recursive;
 
 	for (;;) {
 		int imin, cmp;
@@ -475,14 +484,14 @@ static struct combine_diff_path *ll_diff_tree_paths(
 		/* t = p[imin] */
 		if (cmp == 0) {
 			/* are either pi > p[imin] or diff(t,pi) != ø ? */
-			if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, FIND_COPIES_HARDER)) {
+			if (!opt->flags.find_copies_harder) {
 				for (i = 0; i < nparent; ++i) {
 					/* p[i] > p[imin] */
 					if (tp[i].entry.mode & S_IFXMIN_NEQ)
 						continue;
 
 					/* diff(t,pi) != ø */
-					if (hashcmp(t.entry.sha1, tp[i].entry.sha1) ||
+					if (oidcmp(t.entry.oid, tp[i].entry.oid) ||
 					    (t.entry.mode != tp[i].entry.mode))
 						continue;
 
@@ -513,7 +522,7 @@ static struct combine_diff_path *ll_diff_tree_paths(
 		/* t > p[imin] */
 		else {
 			/* ∀i pi=p[imin] -> D += "-p[imin]" */
-			if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, FIND_COPIES_HARDER)) {
+			if (!opt->flags.find_copies_harder) {
 				for (i = 0; i < nparent; ++i)
 					if (tp[i].entry.mode & S_IFXMIN_NEQ)
 						goto skip_emit_tp;
@@ -531,27 +540,24 @@ static struct combine_diff_path *ll_diff_tree_paths(
 	free(ttree);
 	for (i = nparent-1; i >= 0; i--)
 		free(tptree[i]);
-	xalloca_free(tptree);
-	xalloca_free(tp);
+	FAST_ARRAY_FREE(tptree, nparent);
+	FAST_ARRAY_FREE(tp, nparent);
 
 	return p;
 }
 
 struct combine_diff_path *diff_tree_paths(
-	struct combine_diff_path *p, const unsigned char *sha1,
-	const unsigned char **parents_sha1, int nparent,
+	struct combine_diff_path *p, const struct object_id *oid,
+	const struct object_id **parents_oid, int nparent,
 	struct strbuf *base, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
-	p = ll_diff_tree_paths(p, sha1, parents_sha1, nparent, base, opt);
+	p = ll_diff_tree_paths(p, oid, parents_oid, nparent, base, opt);
 
 	/*
 	 * free pre-allocated last element, if any
 	 * (see path_appendnew() for details about why)
 	 */
-	if (p->next) {
-		free(p->next);
-		p->next = NULL;
-	}
+	FREE_AND_NULL(p->next);
 
 	return p;
 }
@@ -567,7 +573,9 @@ static inline int diff_might_be_rename(void)
 		!DIFF_FILE_VALID(diff_queued_diff.queue[0]->one);
 }
 
-static void try_to_follow_renames(const unsigned char *old, const unsigned char *new, struct strbuf *base, struct diff_options *opt)
+static void try_to_follow_renames(const struct object_id *old_oid,
+				  const struct object_id *new_oid,
+				  struct strbuf *base, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
 	struct diff_options diff_opts;
 	struct diff_queue_struct *q = &diff_queued_diff;
@@ -598,16 +606,16 @@ static void try_to_follow_renames(const unsigned char *old, const unsigned char
 	q->nr = 0;
 
 	diff_setup(&diff_opts);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&diff_opts, RECURSIVE);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&diff_opts, FIND_COPIES_HARDER);
+	diff_opts.flags.recursive = 1;
+	diff_opts.flags.find_copies_harder = 1;
 	diff_opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
 	diff_opts.single_follow = opt->pathspec.items[0].match;
 	diff_opts.break_opt = opt->break_opt;
 	diff_opts.rename_score = opt->rename_score;
 	diff_setup_done(&diff_opts);
-	ll_diff_tree_sha1(old, new, base, &diff_opts);
+	ll_diff_tree_oid(old_oid, new_oid, base, &diff_opts);
 	diffcore_std(&diff_opts);
-	free_pathspec(&diff_opts.pathspec);
+	clear_pathspec(&diff_opts.pathspec);
 
 	/* Go through the new set of filepairing, and see if we find a more interesting one */
 	opt->found_follow = 0;
@@ -630,7 +638,7 @@ static void try_to_follow_renames(const unsigned char *old, const unsigned char
 			/* Update the path we use from now on.. */
 			path[0] = p->one->path;
 			path[1] = NULL;
-			free_pathspec(&opt->pathspec);
+			clear_pathspec(&opt->pathspec);
 			parse_pathspec(&opt->pathspec,
 				       PATHSPEC_ALL_MAGIC & ~PATHSPEC_LITERAL,
 				       PATHSPEC_LITERAL_PATH, "", path);
@@ -664,15 +672,16 @@ static void try_to_follow_renames(const unsigned char *old, const unsigned char
 	q->nr = 1;
 }
 
-static int ll_diff_tree_sha1(const unsigned char *old, const unsigned char *new,
-			     struct strbuf *base, struct diff_options *opt)
+static int ll_diff_tree_oid(const struct object_id *old_oid,
+			    const struct object_id *new_oid,
+			    struct strbuf *base, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
 	struct combine_diff_path phead, *p;
 	pathchange_fn_t pathchange_old = opt->pathchange;
 
 	phead.next = NULL;
 	opt->pathchange = emit_diff_first_parent_only;
-	diff_tree_paths(&phead, new, &old, 1, base, opt);
+	diff_tree_paths(&phead, new_oid, &old_oid, 1, base, opt);
 
 	for (p = phead.next; p;) {
 		struct combine_diff_path *pprev = p;
@@ -684,7 +693,9 @@ static int ll_diff_tree_sha1(const unsigned char *old, const unsigned char *new,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int diff_tree_sha1(const unsigned char *old, const unsigned char *new, const char *base_str, struct diff_options *opt)
+int diff_tree_oid(const struct object_id *old_oid,
+		  const struct object_id *new_oid,
+		  const char *base_str, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
 	struct strbuf base;
 	int retval;
@@ -692,16 +703,16 @@ int diff_tree_sha1(const unsigned char *old, const unsigned char *new, const cha
 	strbuf_init(&base, PATH_MAX);
 	strbuf_addstr(&base, base_str);
 
-	retval = ll_diff_tree_sha1(old, new, &base, opt);
-	if (!*base_str && DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, FOLLOW_RENAMES) && diff_might_be_rename())
-		try_to_follow_renames(old, new, &base, opt);
+	retval = ll_diff_tree_oid(old_oid, new_oid, &base, opt);
+	if (!*base_str && opt->flags.follow_renames && diff_might_be_rename())
+		try_to_follow_renames(old_oid, new_oid, &base, opt);
 
 	strbuf_release(&base);
 
 	return retval;
 }
 
-int diff_root_tree_sha1(const unsigned char *new, const char *base, struct diff_options *opt)
+int diff_root_tree_oid(const struct object_id *new_oid, const char *base, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
-	return diff_tree_sha1(NULL, new, base, opt);
+	return diff_tree_oid(NULL, new_oid, base, opt);
 }
diff --git a/tree-walk.c b/tree-walk.c
index 5dd9a71804..77b37f36fa 100644
--- a/tree-walk.c
+++ b/tree-walk.c
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "unpack-trees.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "pathspec.h"
 
@@ -22,42 +23,72 @@ static const char *get_mode(const char *str, unsigned int *modep)
 	return str;
 }
 
-static void decode_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *desc, const char *buf, unsigned long size)
+static int decode_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *desc, const char *buf, unsigned long size, struct strbuf *err)
 {
 	const char *path;
 	unsigned int mode, len;
+	const unsigned hashsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
 
-	if (size < 24 || buf[size - 21])
-		die("corrupt tree file");
+	if (size < hashsz + 3 || buf[size - (hashsz + 1)]) {
+		strbuf_addstr(err, _("too-short tree object"));
+		return -1;
+	}
 
 	path = get_mode(buf, &mode);
-	if (!path || !*path)
-		die("corrupt tree file");
+	if (!path) {
+		strbuf_addstr(err, _("malformed mode in tree entry"));
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (!*path) {
+		strbuf_addstr(err, _("empty filename in tree entry"));
+		return -1;
+	}
 	len = strlen(path) + 1;
 
 	/* Initialize the descriptor entry */
 	desc->entry.path = path;
 	desc->entry.mode = canon_mode(mode);
-	desc->entry.sha1 = (const unsigned char *)(path + len);
+	desc->entry.oid  = (const struct object_id *)(path + len);
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
-void init_tree_desc(struct tree_desc *desc, const void *buffer, unsigned long size)
+static int init_tree_desc_internal(struct tree_desc *desc, const void *buffer, unsigned long size, struct strbuf *err)
 {
 	desc->buffer = buffer;
 	desc->size = size;
 	if (size)
-		decode_tree_entry(desc, buffer, size);
+		return decode_tree_entry(desc, buffer, size, err);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void init_tree_desc(struct tree_desc *desc, const void *buffer, unsigned long size)
+{
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	if (init_tree_desc_internal(desc, buffer, size, &err))
+		die("%s", err.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&err);
+}
+
+int init_tree_desc_gently(struct tree_desc *desc, const void *buffer, unsigned long size)
+{
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int result = init_tree_desc_internal(desc, buffer, size, &err);
+	if (result)
+		error("%s", err.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&err);
+	return result;
 }
 
-void *fill_tree_descriptor(struct tree_desc *desc, const unsigned char *sha1)
+void *fill_tree_descriptor(struct tree_desc *desc, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	unsigned long size = 0;
 	void *buf = NULL;
 
-	if (sha1) {
-		buf = read_object_with_reference(sha1, tree_type, &size, NULL);
+	if (oid) {
+		buf = read_object_with_reference(oid, tree_type, &size, NULL);
 		if (!buf)
-			die("unable to read tree %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die("unable to read tree %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
 	}
 	init_tree_desc(desc, buf, size);
 	return buf;
@@ -73,21 +104,44 @@ static void entry_extract(struct tree_desc *t, struct name_entry *a)
 	*a = t->entry;
 }
 
-void update_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *desc)
+static int update_tree_entry_internal(struct tree_desc *desc, struct strbuf *err)
 {
 	const void *buf = desc->buffer;
-	const unsigned char *end = desc->entry.sha1 + 20;
+	const unsigned char *end = desc->entry.oid->hash + the_hash_algo->rawsz;
 	unsigned long size = desc->size;
 	unsigned long len = end - (const unsigned char *)buf;
 
 	if (size < len)
-		die("corrupt tree file");
+		die(_("too-short tree file"));
 	buf = end;
 	size -= len;
 	desc->buffer = buf;
 	desc->size = size;
 	if (size)
-		decode_tree_entry(desc, buf, size);
+		return decode_tree_entry(desc, buf, size, err);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void update_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *desc)
+{
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	if (update_tree_entry_internal(desc, &err))
+		die("%s", err.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&err);
+}
+
+int update_tree_entry_gently(struct tree_desc *desc)
+{
+	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
+	if (update_tree_entry_internal(desc, &err)) {
+		error("%s", err.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&err);
+		/* Stop processing this tree after error */
+		desc->size = 0;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&err);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int tree_entry(struct tree_desc *desc, struct name_entry *entry)
@@ -100,6 +154,17 @@ int tree_entry(struct tree_desc *desc, struct name_entry *entry)
 	return 1;
 }
 
+int tree_entry_gently(struct tree_desc *desc, struct name_entry *entry)
+{
+	if (!desc->size)
+		return 0;
+
+	*entry = desc->entry;
+	if (update_tree_entry_gently(desc))
+		return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
 void setup_traverse_info(struct traverse_info *info, const char *base)
 {
 	int pathlen = strlen(base);
@@ -110,7 +175,7 @@ void setup_traverse_info(struct traverse_info *info, const char *base)
 		pathlen--;
 	info->pathlen = pathlen ? pathlen + 1 : 0;
 	info->name.path = base;
-	info->name.sha1 = (void *)(base + pathlen + 1);
+	info->name.oid = (void *)(base + pathlen + 1);
 	if (pathlen)
 		info->prev = &dummy;
 }
@@ -320,6 +385,7 @@ int traverse_trees(int n, struct tree_desc *t, struct traverse_info *info)
 	struct tree_desc_x *tx = xcalloc(n, sizeof(*tx));
 	struct strbuf base = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int interesting = 1;
+	char *traverse_path;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
 		tx[i].d = t[i];
@@ -329,7 +395,11 @@ int traverse_trees(int n, struct tree_desc *t, struct traverse_info *info)
 		make_traverse_path(base.buf, info->prev, &info->name);
 		base.buf[info->pathlen-1] = '/';
 		strbuf_setlen(&base, info->pathlen);
+		traverse_path = xstrndup(base.buf, info->pathlen);
+	} else {
+		traverse_path = xstrndup(info->name.path, info->pathlen);
 	}
+	info->traverse_path = traverse_path;
 	for (;;) {
 		int trees_used;
 		unsigned long mask, dirmask;
@@ -411,19 +481,27 @@ int traverse_trees(int n, struct tree_desc *t, struct traverse_info *info)
 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
 		free_extended_entry(tx + i);
 	free(tx);
+	free(traverse_path);
+	info->traverse_path = NULL;
 	strbuf_release(&base);
 	return error;
 }
 
-static int find_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *t, const char *name, unsigned char *result, unsigned *mode)
+struct dir_state {
+	void *tree;
+	unsigned long size;
+	struct object_id oid;
+};
+
+static int find_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *t, const char *name, struct object_id *result, unsigned *mode)
 {
 	int namelen = strlen(name);
 	while (t->size) {
 		const char *entry;
-		const unsigned char *sha1;
+		const struct object_id *oid;
 		int entrylen, cmp;
 
-		sha1 = tree_entry_extract(t, &entry, mode);
+		oid = tree_entry_extract(t, &entry, mode);
 		entrylen = tree_entry_len(&t->entry);
 		update_tree_entry(t);
 		if (entrylen > namelen)
@@ -434,7 +512,7 @@ static int find_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *t, const char *name, unsigned char
 		if (cmp < 0)
 			break;
 		if (entrylen == namelen) {
-			hashcpy(result, sha1);
+			oidcpy(result, oid);
 			return 0;
 		}
 		if (name[entrylen] != '/')
@@ -442,27 +520,27 @@ static int find_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *t, const char *name, unsigned char
 		if (!S_ISDIR(*mode))
 			break;
 		if (++entrylen == namelen) {
-			hashcpy(result, sha1);
+			oidcpy(result, oid);
 			return 0;
 		}
-		return get_tree_entry(sha1, name + entrylen, result, mode);
+		return get_tree_entry(oid, name + entrylen, result, mode);
 	}
 	return -1;
 }
 
-int get_tree_entry(const unsigned char *tree_sha1, const char *name, unsigned char *sha1, unsigned *mode)
+int get_tree_entry(const struct object_id *tree_oid, const char *name, struct object_id *oid, unsigned *mode)
 {
 	int retval;
 	void *tree;
 	unsigned long size;
-	unsigned char root[20];
+	struct object_id root;
 
-	tree = read_object_with_reference(tree_sha1, tree_type, &size, root);
+	tree = read_object_with_reference(tree_oid, tree_type, &size, &root);
 	if (!tree)
 		return -1;
 
 	if (name[0] == '\0') {
-		hashcpy(sha1, root);
+		oidcpy(oid, &root);
 		free(tree);
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -472,12 +550,210 @@ int get_tree_entry(const unsigned char *tree_sha1, const char *name, unsigned ch
 	} else {
 		struct tree_desc t;
 		init_tree_desc(&t, tree, size);
-		retval = find_tree_entry(&t, name, sha1, mode);
+		retval = find_tree_entry(&t, name, oid, mode);
 	}
 	free(tree);
 	return retval;
 }
 
+/*
+ * This is Linux's built-in max for the number of symlinks to follow.
+ * That limit, of course, does not affect git, but it's a reasonable
+ * choice.
+ */
+#define GET_TREE_ENTRY_FOLLOW_SYMLINKS_MAX_LINKS 40
+
+/**
+ * Find a tree entry by following symlinks in tree_sha (which is
+ * assumed to be the root of the repository).  In the event that a
+ * symlink points outside the repository (e.g. a link to /foo or a
+ * root-level link to ../foo), the portion of the link which is
+ * outside the repository will be returned in result_path, and *mode
+ * will be set to 0.  It is assumed that result_path is uninitialized.
+ * If there are no symlinks, or the end result of the symlink chain
+ * points to an object inside the repository, result will be filled in
+ * with the sha1 of the found object, and *mode will hold the mode of
+ * the object.
+ *
+ * See the code for enum follow_symlink_result for a description of
+ * the return values.
+ */
+enum follow_symlinks_result get_tree_entry_follow_symlinks(struct object_id *tree_oid, const char *name, struct object_id *result, struct strbuf *result_path, unsigned *mode)
+{
+	int retval = MISSING_OBJECT;
+	struct dir_state *parents = NULL;
+	size_t parents_alloc = 0;
+	size_t i, parents_nr = 0;
+	struct object_id current_tree_oid;
+	struct strbuf namebuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct tree_desc t;
+	int follows_remaining = GET_TREE_ENTRY_FOLLOW_SYMLINKS_MAX_LINKS;
+
+	init_tree_desc(&t, NULL, 0UL);
+	strbuf_addstr(&namebuf, name);
+	oidcpy(&current_tree_oid, tree_oid);
+
+	while (1) {
+		int find_result;
+		char *first_slash;
+		char *remainder = NULL;
+
+		if (!t.buffer) {
+			void *tree;
+			struct object_id root;
+			unsigned long size;
+			tree = read_object_with_reference(&current_tree_oid,
+							  tree_type, &size,
+							  &root);
+			if (!tree)
+				goto done;
+
+			ALLOC_GROW(parents, parents_nr + 1, parents_alloc);
+			parents[parents_nr].tree = tree;
+			parents[parents_nr].size = size;
+			oidcpy(&parents[parents_nr].oid, &root);
+			parents_nr++;
+
+			if (namebuf.buf[0] == '\0') {
+				oidcpy(result, &root);
+				retval = FOUND;
+				goto done;
+			}
+
+			if (!size)
+				goto done;
+
+			/* descend */
+			init_tree_desc(&t, tree, size);
+		}
+
+		/* Handle symlinks to e.g. a//b by removing leading slashes */
+		while (namebuf.buf[0] == '/') {
+			strbuf_remove(&namebuf, 0, 1);
+		}
+
+		/* Split namebuf into a first component and a remainder */
+		if ((first_slash = strchr(namebuf.buf, '/'))) {
+			*first_slash = 0;
+			remainder = first_slash + 1;
+		}
+
+		if (!strcmp(namebuf.buf, "..")) {
+			struct dir_state *parent;
+			/*
+			 * We could end up with .. in the namebuf if it
+			 * appears in a symlink.
+			 */
+
+			if (parents_nr == 1) {
+				if (remainder)
+					*first_slash = '/';
+				strbuf_add(result_path, namebuf.buf,
+					   namebuf.len);
+				*mode = 0;
+				retval = FOUND;
+				goto done;
+			}
+			parent = &parents[parents_nr - 1];
+			free(parent->tree);
+			parents_nr--;
+			parent = &parents[parents_nr - 1];
+			init_tree_desc(&t, parent->tree, parent->size);
+			strbuf_remove(&namebuf, 0, remainder ? 3 : 2);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* We could end up here via a symlink to dir/.. */
+		if (namebuf.buf[0] == '\0') {
+			oidcpy(result, &parents[parents_nr - 1].oid);
+			retval = FOUND;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		/* Look up the first (or only) path component in the tree. */
+		find_result = find_tree_entry(&t, namebuf.buf,
+					      &current_tree_oid, mode);
+		if (find_result) {
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		if (S_ISDIR(*mode)) {
+			if (!remainder) {
+				oidcpy(result, &current_tree_oid);
+				retval = FOUND;
+				goto done;
+			}
+			/* Descend the tree */
+			t.buffer = NULL;
+			strbuf_remove(&namebuf, 0,
+				      1 + first_slash - namebuf.buf);
+		} else if (S_ISREG(*mode)) {
+			if (!remainder) {
+				oidcpy(result, &current_tree_oid);
+				retval = FOUND;
+			} else {
+				retval = NOT_DIR;
+			}
+			goto done;
+		} else if (S_ISLNK(*mode)) {
+			/* Follow a symlink */
+			unsigned long link_len;
+			size_t len;
+			char *contents, *contents_start;
+			struct dir_state *parent;
+			enum object_type type;
+
+			if (follows_remaining-- == 0) {
+				/* Too many symlinks followed */
+				retval = SYMLINK_LOOP;
+				goto done;
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * At this point, we have followed at a least
+			 * one symlink, so on error we need to report this.
+			 */
+			retval = DANGLING_SYMLINK;
+
+			contents = read_object_file(&current_tree_oid, &type,
+						    &link_len);
+
+			if (!contents)
+				goto done;
+
+			if (contents[0] == '/') {
+				strbuf_addstr(result_path, contents);
+				free(contents);
+				*mode = 0;
+				retval = FOUND;
+				goto done;
+			}
+
+			if (remainder)
+				len = first_slash - namebuf.buf;
+			else
+				len = namebuf.len;
+
+			contents_start = contents;
+
+			parent = &parents[parents_nr - 1];
+			init_tree_desc(&t, parent->tree, parent->size);
+			strbuf_splice(&namebuf, 0, len,
+				      contents_start, link_len);
+			if (remainder)
+				namebuf.buf[link_len] = '/';
+			free(contents);
+		}
+	}
+done:
+	for (i = 0; i < parents_nr; i++)
+		free(parents[i].tree);
+	free(parents);
+
+	strbuf_release(&namebuf);
+	return retval;
+}
+
 static int match_entry(const struct pathspec_item *item,
 		       const struct name_entry *entry, int pathlen,
 		       const char *match, int matchlen,
@@ -728,6 +1004,20 @@ static enum interesting do_match(const struct name_entry *entry,
 				 */
 				if (ps->recursive && S_ISDIR(entry->mode))
 					return entry_interesting;
+
+				/*
+				 * When matching against submodules with
+				 * wildcard characters, ensure that the entry
+				 * at least matches up to the first wild
+				 * character.  More accurate matching can then
+				 * be performed in the submodule itself.
+				 */
+				if (ps->recurse_submodules &&
+				    S_ISGITLINK(entry->mode) &&
+				    !ps_strncmp(item, match + baselen,
+						entry->path,
+						item->nowildcard_len - baselen))
+					return entry_interesting;
 			}
 
 			continue;
@@ -764,6 +1054,21 @@ match_wildcards:
 			strbuf_setlen(base, base_offset + baselen);
 			return entry_interesting;
 		}
+
+		/*
+		 * When matching against submodules with
+		 * wildcard characters, ensure that the entry
+		 * at least matches up to the first wild
+		 * character.  More accurate matching can then
+		 * be performed in the submodule itself.
+		 */
+		if (ps->recurse_submodules && S_ISGITLINK(entry->mode) &&
+		    !ps_strncmp(item, match, base->buf + base_offset,
+				item->nowildcard_len)) {
+			strbuf_setlen(base, base_offset + baselen);
+			return entry_interesting;
+		}
+
 		strbuf_setlen(base, base_offset + baselen);
 
 		/*
@@ -771,7 +1076,7 @@ match_wildcards:
 		 * later on.
 		 * max_depth is ignored but we may consider support it
 		 * in future, see
-		 * http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/163757/focus=163840
+		 * https://public-inbox.org/git/7vmxo5l2g4.fsf@alter.siamese.dyndns.org/
 		 */
 		if (ps->recursive && S_ISDIR(entry->mode))
 			return entry_interesting;
diff --git a/tree-walk.h b/tree-walk.h
index ae7fb3a824..196831007e 100644
--- a/tree-walk.h
+++ b/tree-walk.h
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 #ifndef TREE_WALK_H
 #define TREE_WALK_H
 
+struct strbuf;
+
 struct name_entry {
-	const unsigned char *sha1;
+	const struct object_id *oid;
 	const char *path;
 	unsigned int mode;
 };
@@ -13,34 +15,61 @@ struct tree_desc {
 	unsigned int size;
 };
 
-static inline const unsigned char *tree_entry_extract(struct tree_desc *desc, const char **pathp, unsigned int *modep)
+static inline const struct object_id *tree_entry_extract(struct tree_desc *desc, const char **pathp, unsigned int *modep)
 {
 	*pathp = desc->entry.path;
 	*modep = desc->entry.mode;
-	return desc->entry.sha1;
+	return desc->entry.oid;
 }
 
 static inline int tree_entry_len(const struct name_entry *ne)
 {
-	return (const char *)ne->sha1 - ne->path - 1;
+	return (const char *)ne->oid - ne->path - 1;
 }
 
+/*
+ * The _gently versions of these functions warn and return false on a
+ * corrupt tree entry rather than dying,
+ */
+
 void update_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *);
+int update_tree_entry_gently(struct tree_desc *);
 void init_tree_desc(struct tree_desc *desc, const void *buf, unsigned long size);
+int init_tree_desc_gently(struct tree_desc *desc, const void *buf, unsigned long size);
 
 /*
  * Helper function that does both tree_entry_extract() and update_tree_entry()
  * and returns true for success
  */
 int tree_entry(struct tree_desc *, struct name_entry *);
+int tree_entry_gently(struct tree_desc *, struct name_entry *);
 
-void *fill_tree_descriptor(struct tree_desc *desc, const unsigned char *sha1);
+void *fill_tree_descriptor(struct tree_desc *desc, const struct object_id *oid);
 
 struct traverse_info;
 typedef int (*traverse_callback_t)(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmask, struct name_entry *entry, struct traverse_info *);
 int traverse_trees(int n, struct tree_desc *t, struct traverse_info *info);
 
+enum follow_symlinks_result {
+	FOUND = 0, /* This includes out-of-tree links */
+	MISSING_OBJECT = -1, /* The initial symlink is missing */
+	DANGLING_SYMLINK = -2, /*
+				* The initial symlink is there, but
+				* (transitively) points to a missing
+				* in-tree file
+				*/
+	SYMLINK_LOOP = -3,
+	NOT_DIR = -4, /*
+		       * Somewhere along the symlink chain, a path is
+		       * requested which contains a file as a
+		       * non-final element.
+		       */
+};
+
+enum follow_symlinks_result get_tree_entry_follow_symlinks(struct object_id *tree_oid, const char *name, struct object_id *result, struct strbuf *result_path, unsigned *mode);
+
 struct traverse_info {
+	const char *traverse_path;
 	struct traverse_info *prev;
 	struct name_entry name;
 	int pathlen;
@@ -52,7 +81,7 @@ struct traverse_info {
 	int show_all_errors;
 };
 
-int get_tree_entry(const unsigned char *, const char *, unsigned char *, unsigned *);
+int get_tree_entry(const struct object_id *, const char *, struct object_id *, unsigned *);
 extern char *make_traverse_path(char *path, const struct traverse_info *info, const struct name_entry *n);
 extern void setup_traverse_info(struct traverse_info *info, const char *base);
 
diff --git a/tree.c b/tree.c
index 58ebfce1bc..215d3fdc7c 100644
--- a/tree.c
+++ b/tree.c
@@ -1,40 +1,47 @@
+#define NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "tree.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tag.h"
+#include "alloc.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 
 const char *tree_type = "tree";
 
-static int read_one_entry_opt(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base, int baselen, const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage, int opt)
+static int read_one_entry_opt(struct index_state *istate,
+			      const struct object_id *oid,
+			      const char *base, int baselen,
+			      const char *pathname,
+			      unsigned mode, int stage, int opt)
 {
 	int len;
-	unsigned int size;
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
 
 	if (S_ISDIR(mode))
 		return READ_TREE_RECURSIVE;
 
 	len = strlen(pathname);
-	size = cache_entry_size(baselen + len);
-	ce = xcalloc(1, size);
+	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, baselen + len);
 
 	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
 	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
 	ce->ce_namelen = baselen + len;
 	memcpy(ce->name, base, baselen);
 	memcpy(ce->name + baselen, pathname, len+1);
-	hashcpy(ce->sha1, sha1);
-	return add_cache_entry(ce, opt);
+	oidcpy(&ce->oid, oid);
+	return add_index_entry(istate, ce, opt);
 }
 
-static int read_one_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, struct strbuf *base,
+static int read_one_entry(const struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *base,
 			  const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage,
 			  void *context)
 {
-	return read_one_entry_opt(sha1, base->buf, base->len, pathname,
+	struct index_state *istate = context;
+	return read_one_entry_opt(istate, oid, base->buf, base->len, pathname,
 				  mode, stage,
 				  ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_SKIP_DFCHECK);
 }
@@ -43,11 +50,12 @@ static int read_one_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, struct strbuf *base,
  * This is used when the caller knows there is no existing entries at
  * the stage that will conflict with the entry being added.
  */
-static int read_one_entry_quick(const unsigned char *sha1, struct strbuf *base,
+static int read_one_entry_quick(const struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *base,
 				const char *pathname, unsigned mode, int stage,
 				void *context)
 {
-	return read_one_entry_opt(sha1, base->buf, base->len, pathname,
+	struct index_state *istate = context;
+	return read_one_entry_opt(istate, oid, base->buf, base->len, pathname,
 				  mode, stage,
 				  ADD_CACHE_JUST_APPEND);
 }
@@ -58,7 +66,7 @@ static int read_tree_1(struct tree *tree, struct strbuf *base,
 {
 	struct tree_desc desc;
 	struct name_entry entry;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	int len, oldlen = base->len;
 	enum interesting retval = entry_not_interesting;
 
@@ -76,7 +84,7 @@ static int read_tree_1(struct tree *tree, struct strbuf *base,
 				continue;
 		}
 
-		switch (fn(entry.sha1, base,
+		switch (fn(entry.oid, base,
 			   entry.path, entry.mode, stage, context)) {
 		case 0:
 			continue;
@@ -87,22 +95,22 @@ static int read_tree_1(struct tree *tree, struct strbuf *base,
 		}
 
 		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
-			hashcpy(sha1, entry.sha1);
+			oidcpy(&oid, entry.oid);
 		else if (S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode)) {
 			struct commit *commit;
 
-			commit = lookup_commit(entry.sha1);
+			commit = lookup_commit(the_repository, entry.oid);
 			if (!commit)
 				die("Commit %s in submodule path %s%s not found",
-				    sha1_to_hex(entry.sha1),
+				    oid_to_hex(entry.oid),
 				    base->buf, entry.path);
 
 			if (parse_commit(commit))
 				die("Invalid commit %s in submodule path %s%s",
-				    sha1_to_hex(entry.sha1),
+				    oid_to_hex(entry.oid),
 				    base->buf, entry.path);
 
-			hashcpy(sha1, commit->tree->object.sha1);
+			oidcpy(&oid, get_commit_tree_oid(commit));
 		}
 		else
 			continue;
@@ -110,7 +118,7 @@ static int read_tree_1(struct tree *tree, struct strbuf *base,
 		len = tree_entry_len(&entry);
 		strbuf_add(base, entry.path, len);
 		strbuf_addch(base, '/');
-		retval = read_tree_1(lookup_tree(sha1),
+		retval = read_tree_1(lookup_tree(the_repository, &oid),
 				     base, stage, pathspec,
 				     fn, context);
 		strbuf_setlen(base, oldlen);
@@ -144,7 +152,8 @@ static int cmp_cache_name_compare(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 				  ce2->name, ce2->ce_namelen, ce_stage(ce2));
 }
 
-int read_tree(struct tree *tree, int stage, struct pathspec *match)
+int read_tree(struct tree *tree, int stage, struct pathspec *match,
+	      struct index_state *istate)
 {
 	read_tree_fn_t fn = NULL;
 	int i, err;
@@ -164,33 +173,33 @@ int read_tree(struct tree *tree, int stage, struct pathspec *match)
 	 * do it the original slow way, otherwise, append and then
 	 * sort at the end.
 	 */
-	for (i = 0; !fn && i < active_nr; i++) {
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+	for (i = 0; !fn && i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
 		if (ce_stage(ce) == stage)
 			fn = read_one_entry;
 	}
 
 	if (!fn)
 		fn = read_one_entry_quick;
-	err = read_tree_recursive(tree, "", 0, stage, match, fn, NULL);
+	err = read_tree_recursive(tree, "", 0, stage, match, fn, istate);
 	if (fn == read_one_entry || err)
 		return err;
 
 	/*
 	 * Sort the cache entry -- we need to nuke the cache tree, though.
 	 */
-	cache_tree_free(&active_cache_tree);
-	qsort(active_cache, active_nr, sizeof(active_cache[0]),
-	      cmp_cache_name_compare);
+	cache_tree_free(&istate->cache_tree);
+	QSORT(istate->cache, istate->cache_nr, cmp_cache_name_compare);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-struct tree *lookup_tree(const unsigned char *sha1)
+struct tree *lookup_tree(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
+	struct object *obj = lookup_object(r, oid->hash);
 	if (!obj)
-		return create_object(sha1, alloc_tree_node());
-	return object_as_type(obj, OBJ_TREE, 0);
+		return create_object(r, oid->hash,
+				     alloc_tree_node(r));
+	return object_as_type(r, obj, OBJ_TREE, 0);
 }
 
 int parse_tree_buffer(struct tree *item, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
@@ -204,7 +213,7 @@ int parse_tree_buffer(struct tree *item, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int parse_tree(struct tree *item)
+int parse_tree_gently(struct tree *item, int quiet_on_missing)
 {
 	 enum object_type type;
 	 void *buffer;
@@ -212,41 +221,41 @@ int parse_tree(struct tree *item)
 
 	if (item->object.parsed)
 		return 0;
-	buffer = read_sha1_file(item->object.sha1, &type, &size);
+	buffer = read_object_file(&item->object.oid, &type, &size);
 	if (!buffer)
-		return error("Could not read %s",
-			     sha1_to_hex(item->object.sha1));
+		return quiet_on_missing ? -1 :
+			error("Could not read %s",
+			     oid_to_hex(&item->object.oid));
 	if (type != OBJ_TREE) {
 		free(buffer);
 		return error("Object %s not a tree",
-			     sha1_to_hex(item->object.sha1));
+			     oid_to_hex(&item->object.oid));
 	}
 	return parse_tree_buffer(item, buffer, size);
 }
 
 void free_tree_buffer(struct tree *tree)
 {
-	free(tree->buffer);
-	tree->buffer = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(tree->buffer);
 	tree->size = 0;
 	tree->object.parsed = 0;
 }
 
-struct tree *parse_tree_indirect(const unsigned char *sha1)
+struct tree *parse_tree_indirect(const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	struct object *obj = parse_object(sha1);
+	struct object *obj = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
 	do {
 		if (!obj)
 			return NULL;
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE)
 			return (struct tree *) obj;
 		else if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
-			obj = &(((struct commit *) obj)->tree->object);
+			obj = &(get_commit_tree(((struct commit *)obj))->object);
 		else if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
 			obj = ((struct tag *) obj)->tagged;
 		else
 			return NULL;
 		if (!obj->parsed)
-			parse_object(obj->sha1);
+			parse_object(the_repository, &obj->oid);
 	} while (1);
 }
diff --git a/tree.h b/tree.h
index d24125f84f..d4807dc805 100644
--- a/tree.h
+++ b/tree.h
@@ -12,24 +12,29 @@ struct tree {
 	unsigned long size;
 };
 
-struct tree *lookup_tree(const unsigned char *sha1);
+struct tree *lookup_tree(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid);
 
 int parse_tree_buffer(struct tree *item, void *buffer, unsigned long size);
 
-int parse_tree(struct tree *tree);
+int parse_tree_gently(struct tree *tree, int quiet_on_missing);
+static inline int parse_tree(struct tree *tree)
+{
+	return parse_tree_gently(tree, 0);
+}
 void free_tree_buffer(struct tree *tree);
 
 /* Parses and returns the tree in the given ent, chasing tags and commits. */
-struct tree *parse_tree_indirect(const unsigned char *sha1);
+struct tree *parse_tree_indirect(const struct object_id *oid);
 
 #define READ_TREE_RECURSIVE 1
-typedef int (*read_tree_fn_t)(const unsigned char *, struct strbuf *, const char *, unsigned int, int, void *);
+typedef int (*read_tree_fn_t)(const struct object_id *, struct strbuf *, const char *, unsigned int, int, void *);
 
 extern int read_tree_recursive(struct tree *tree,
 			       const char *base, int baselen,
 			       int stage, const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 			       read_tree_fn_t fn, void *context);
 
-extern int read_tree(struct tree *tree, int stage, struct pathspec *pathspec);
+extern int read_tree(struct tree *tree, int stage, struct pathspec *pathspec,
+		     struct index_state *istate);
 
 #endif /* TREE_H */
diff --git a/unicode_width.h b/unicode-width.h
index 47cdd2369d..7c643760f8 100644
--- a/unicode_width.h
+++ b/unicode-width.h
@@ -20,12 +20,13 @@ static const struct interval zero_width[] = {
 { 0x0730, 0x074A },
 { 0x07A6, 0x07B0 },
 { 0x07EB, 0x07F3 },
+{ 0x07FD, 0x07FD },
 { 0x0816, 0x0819 },
 { 0x081B, 0x0823 },
 { 0x0825, 0x0827 },
 { 0x0829, 0x082D },
 { 0x0859, 0x085B },
-{ 0x08E4, 0x0902 },
+{ 0x08D3, 0x0902 },
 { 0x093A, 0x093A },
 { 0x093C, 0x093C },
 { 0x0941, 0x0948 },
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@ static const struct interval zero_width[] = {
 { 0x09C1, 0x09C4 },
 { 0x09CD, 0x09CD },
 { 0x09E2, 0x09E3 },
+{ 0x09FE, 0x09FE },
 { 0x0A01, 0x0A02 },
 { 0x0A3C, 0x0A3C },
 { 0x0A41, 0x0A42 },
@@ -51,6 +53,7 @@ static const struct interval zero_width[] = {
 { 0x0AC7, 0x0AC8 },
 { 0x0ACD, 0x0ACD },
 { 0x0AE2, 0x0AE3 },
+{ 0x0AFA, 0x0AFF },
 { 0x0B01, 0x0B01 },
 { 0x0B3C, 0x0B3C },
 { 0x0B3F, 0x0B3F },
@@ -62,6 +65,7 @@ static const struct interval zero_width[] = {
 { 0x0BC0, 0x0BC0 },
 { 0x0BCD, 0x0BCD },
 { 0x0C00, 0x0C00 },
+{ 0x0C04, 0x0C04 },
 { 0x0C3E, 0x0C40 },
 { 0x0C46, 0x0C48 },
 { 0x0C4A, 0x0C4D },
@@ -73,7 +77,8 @@ static const struct interval zero_width[] = {
 { 0x0CC6, 0x0CC6 },
 { 0x0CCC, 0x0CCD },
 { 0x0CE2, 0x0CE3 },
-{ 0x0D01, 0x0D01 },
+{ 0x0D00, 0x0D01 },
+{ 0x0D3B, 0x0D3C },
 { 0x0D41, 0x0D44 },
 { 0x0D4D, 0x0D4D },
 { 0x0D62, 0x0D63 },
@@ -120,6 +125,7 @@ static const struct interval zero_width[] = {
 { 0x17C9, 0x17D3 },
 { 0x17DD, 0x17DD },
 { 0x180B, 0x180E },
+{ 0x1885, 0x1886 },
 { 0x18A9, 0x18A9 },
 { 0x1920, 0x1922 },
 { 0x1927, 0x1928 },
@@ -157,8 +163,8 @@ static const struct interval zero_width[] = {
 { 0x1CED, 0x1CED },
 { 0x1CF4, 0x1CF4 },
 { 0x1CF8, 0x1CF9 },
-{ 0x1DC0, 0x1DF5 },
-{ 0x1DFC, 0x1DFF },
+{ 0x1DC0, 0x1DF9 },
+{ 0x1DFB, 0x1DFF },
 { 0x200B, 0x200F },
 { 0x202A, 0x202E },
 { 0x2060, 0x2064 },
@@ -171,14 +177,15 @@ static const struct interval zero_width[] = {
 { 0x3099, 0x309A },
 { 0xA66F, 0xA672 },
 { 0xA674, 0xA67D },
-{ 0xA69F, 0xA69F },
+{ 0xA69E, 0xA69F },
 { 0xA6F0, 0xA6F1 },
 { 0xA802, 0xA802 },
 { 0xA806, 0xA806 },
 { 0xA80B, 0xA80B },
 { 0xA825, 0xA826 },
-{ 0xA8C4, 0xA8C4 },
+{ 0xA8C4, 0xA8C5 },
 { 0xA8E0, 0xA8F1 },
+{ 0xA8FF, 0xA8FF },
 { 0xA926, 0xA92D },
 { 0xA947, 0xA951 },
 { 0xA980, 0xA982 },
@@ -204,7 +211,7 @@ static const struct interval zero_width[] = {
 { 0xABED, 0xABED },
 { 0xFB1E, 0xFB1E },
 { 0xFE00, 0xFE0F },
-{ 0xFE20, 0xFE2D },
+{ 0xFE20, 0xFE2F },
 { 0xFEFF, 0xFEFF },
 { 0xFFF9, 0xFFFB },
 { 0x101FD, 0x101FD },
@@ -216,28 +223,37 @@ static const struct interval zero_width[] = {
 { 0x10A38, 0x10A3A },
 { 0x10A3F, 0x10A3F },
 { 0x10AE5, 0x10AE6 },
+{ 0x10D24, 0x10D27 },
+{ 0x10F46, 0x10F50 },
 { 0x11001, 0x11001 },
 { 0x11038, 0x11046 },
 { 0x1107F, 0x11081 },
 { 0x110B3, 0x110B6 },
 { 0x110B9, 0x110BA },
 { 0x110BD, 0x110BD },
+{ 0x110CD, 0x110CD },
 { 0x11100, 0x11102 },
 { 0x11127, 0x1112B },
 { 0x1112D, 0x11134 },
 { 0x11173, 0x11173 },
 { 0x11180, 0x11181 },
 { 0x111B6, 0x111BE },
+{ 0x111C9, 0x111CC },
 { 0x1122F, 0x11231 },
 { 0x11234, 0x11234 },
 { 0x11236, 0x11237 },
+{ 0x1123E, 0x1123E },
 { 0x112DF, 0x112DF },
 { 0x112E3, 0x112EA },
-{ 0x11301, 0x11301 },
-{ 0x1133C, 0x1133C },
+{ 0x11300, 0x11301 },
+{ 0x1133B, 0x1133C },
 { 0x11340, 0x11340 },
 { 0x11366, 0x1136C },
 { 0x11370, 0x11374 },
+{ 0x11438, 0x1143F },
+{ 0x11442, 0x11444 },
+{ 0x11446, 0x11446 },
+{ 0x1145E, 0x1145E },
 { 0x114B3, 0x114B8 },
 { 0x114BA, 0x114BA },
 { 0x114BF, 0x114C0 },
@@ -245,6 +261,7 @@ static const struct interval zero_width[] = {
 { 0x115B2, 0x115B5 },
 { 0x115BC, 0x115BD },
 { 0x115BF, 0x115C0 },
+{ 0x115DC, 0x115DD },
 { 0x11633, 0x1163A },
 { 0x1163D, 0x1163D },
 { 0x1163F, 0x11640 },
@@ -252,6 +269,35 @@ static const struct interval zero_width[] = {
 { 0x116AD, 0x116AD },
 { 0x116B0, 0x116B5 },
 { 0x116B7, 0x116B7 },
+{ 0x1171D, 0x1171F },
+{ 0x11722, 0x11725 },
+{ 0x11727, 0x1172B },
+{ 0x1182F, 0x11837 },
+{ 0x11839, 0x1183A },
+{ 0x11A01, 0x11A0A },
+{ 0x11A33, 0x11A38 },
+{ 0x11A3B, 0x11A3E },
+{ 0x11A47, 0x11A47 },
+{ 0x11A51, 0x11A56 },
+{ 0x11A59, 0x11A5B },
+{ 0x11A8A, 0x11A96 },
+{ 0x11A98, 0x11A99 },
+{ 0x11C30, 0x11C36 },
+{ 0x11C38, 0x11C3D },
+{ 0x11C3F, 0x11C3F },
+{ 0x11C92, 0x11CA7 },
+{ 0x11CAA, 0x11CB0 },
+{ 0x11CB2, 0x11CB3 },
+{ 0x11CB5, 0x11CB6 },
+{ 0x11D31, 0x11D36 },
+{ 0x11D3A, 0x11D3A },
+{ 0x11D3C, 0x11D3D },
+{ 0x11D3F, 0x11D45 },
+{ 0x11D47, 0x11D47 },
+{ 0x11D90, 0x11D91 },
+{ 0x11D95, 0x11D95 },
+{ 0x11D97, 0x11D97 },
+{ 0x11EF3, 0x11EF4 },
 { 0x16AF0, 0x16AF4 },
 { 0x16B30, 0x16B36 },
 { 0x16F8F, 0x16F92 },
@@ -262,31 +308,59 @@ static const struct interval zero_width[] = {
 { 0x1D185, 0x1D18B },
 { 0x1D1AA, 0x1D1AD },
 { 0x1D242, 0x1D244 },
+{ 0x1DA00, 0x1DA36 },
+{ 0x1DA3B, 0x1DA6C },
+{ 0x1DA75, 0x1DA75 },
+{ 0x1DA84, 0x1DA84 },
+{ 0x1DA9B, 0x1DA9F },
+{ 0x1DAA1, 0x1DAAF },
+{ 0x1E000, 0x1E006 },
+{ 0x1E008, 0x1E018 },
+{ 0x1E01B, 0x1E021 },
+{ 0x1E023, 0x1E024 },
+{ 0x1E026, 0x1E02A },
 { 0x1E8D0, 0x1E8D6 },
+{ 0x1E944, 0x1E94A },
 { 0xE0001, 0xE0001 },
 { 0xE0020, 0xE007F },
 { 0xE0100, 0xE01EF }
 };
 static const struct interval double_width[] = {
-{ /* plane */ 0x0, 0x1C },
-{ /* plane */ 0x1C, 0x21 },
-{ /* plane */ 0x21, 0x22 },
-{ /* plane */ 0x22, 0x23 },
-{ /* plane */ 0x0, 0x0 },
-{ /* plane */ 0x0, 0x0 },
-{ /* plane */ 0x0, 0x0 },
-{ /* plane */ 0x0, 0x0 },
-{ /* plane */ 0x0, 0x0 },
-{ /* plane */ 0x0, 0x0 },
-{ /* plane */ 0x0, 0x0 },
-{ /* plane */ 0x0, 0x0 },
-{ /* plane */ 0x0, 0x0 },
-{ /* plane */ 0x0, 0x0 },
-{ /* plane */ 0x0, 0x0 },
-{ /* plane */ 0x0, 0x0 },
-{ /* plane */ 0x0, 0x0 },
 { 0x1100, 0x115F },
+{ 0x231A, 0x231B },
 { 0x2329, 0x232A },
+{ 0x23E9, 0x23EC },
+{ 0x23F0, 0x23F0 },
+{ 0x23F3, 0x23F3 },
+{ 0x25FD, 0x25FE },
+{ 0x2614, 0x2615 },
+{ 0x2648, 0x2653 },
+{ 0x267F, 0x267F },
+{ 0x2693, 0x2693 },
+{ 0x26A1, 0x26A1 },
+{ 0x26AA, 0x26AB },
+{ 0x26BD, 0x26BE },
+{ 0x26C4, 0x26C5 },
+{ 0x26CE, 0x26CE },
+{ 0x26D4, 0x26D4 },
+{ 0x26EA, 0x26EA },
+{ 0x26F2, 0x26F3 },
+{ 0x26F5, 0x26F5 },
+{ 0x26FA, 0x26FA },
+{ 0x26FD, 0x26FD },
+{ 0x2705, 0x2705 },
+{ 0x270A, 0x270B },
+{ 0x2728, 0x2728 },
+{ 0x274C, 0x274C },
+{ 0x274E, 0x274E },
+{ 0x2753, 0x2755 },
+{ 0x2757, 0x2757 },
+{ 0x2795, 0x2797 },
+{ 0x27B0, 0x27B0 },
+{ 0x27BF, 0x27BF },
+{ 0x2B1B, 0x2B1C },
+{ 0x2B50, 0x2B50 },
+{ 0x2B55, 0x2B55 },
 { 0x2E80, 0x2E99 },
 { 0x2E9B, 0x2EF3 },
 { 0x2F00, 0x2FD5 },
@@ -294,7 +368,7 @@ static const struct interval double_width[] = {
 { 0x3000, 0x303E },
 { 0x3041, 0x3096 },
 { 0x3099, 0x30FF },
-{ 0x3105, 0x312D },
+{ 0x3105, 0x312F },
 { 0x3131, 0x318E },
 { 0x3190, 0x31BA },
 { 0x31C0, 0x31E3 },
@@ -313,11 +387,51 @@ static const struct interval double_width[] = {
 { 0xFE68, 0xFE6B },
 { 0xFF01, 0xFF60 },
 { 0xFFE0, 0xFFE6 },
-{ 0x1B000, 0x1B001 },
+{ 0x16FE0, 0x16FE1 },
+{ 0x17000, 0x187F1 },
+{ 0x18800, 0x18AF2 },
+{ 0x1B000, 0x1B11E },
+{ 0x1B170, 0x1B2FB },
+{ 0x1F004, 0x1F004 },
+{ 0x1F0CF, 0x1F0CF },
+{ 0x1F18E, 0x1F18E },
+{ 0x1F191, 0x1F19A },
 { 0x1F200, 0x1F202 },
-{ 0x1F210, 0x1F23A },
+{ 0x1F210, 0x1F23B },
 { 0x1F240, 0x1F248 },
 { 0x1F250, 0x1F251 },
+{ 0x1F260, 0x1F265 },
+{ 0x1F300, 0x1F320 },
+{ 0x1F32D, 0x1F335 },
+{ 0x1F337, 0x1F37C },
+{ 0x1F37E, 0x1F393 },
+{ 0x1F3A0, 0x1F3CA },
+{ 0x1F3CF, 0x1F3D3 },
+{ 0x1F3E0, 0x1F3F0 },
+{ 0x1F3F4, 0x1F3F4 },
+{ 0x1F3F8, 0x1F43E },
+{ 0x1F440, 0x1F440 },
+{ 0x1F442, 0x1F4FC },
+{ 0x1F4FF, 0x1F53D },
+{ 0x1F54B, 0x1F54E },
+{ 0x1F550, 0x1F567 },
+{ 0x1F57A, 0x1F57A },
+{ 0x1F595, 0x1F596 },
+{ 0x1F5A4, 0x1F5A4 },
+{ 0x1F5FB, 0x1F64F },
+{ 0x1F680, 0x1F6C5 },
+{ 0x1F6CC, 0x1F6CC },
+{ 0x1F6D0, 0x1F6D2 },
+{ 0x1F6EB, 0x1F6EC },
+{ 0x1F6F4, 0x1F6F9 },
+{ 0x1F910, 0x1F93E },
+{ 0x1F940, 0x1F970 },
+{ 0x1F973, 0x1F976 },
+{ 0x1F97A, 0x1F97A },
+{ 0x1F97C, 0x1F9A2 },
+{ 0x1F9B0, 0x1F9B9 },
+{ 0x1F9C0, 0x1F9C2 },
+{ 0x1F9D0, 0x1F9FF },
 { 0x20000, 0x2FFFD },
 { 0x30000, 0x3FFFD }
 };
diff --git a/unimplemented.sh b/unimplemented.sh
index 5252de4b25..fee21d24e8 100644
--- a/unimplemented.sh
+++ b/unimplemented.sh
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-echo >&2 "fatal: git was built without support for `basename $0` (@@REASON@@)."
+echo >&2 "fatal: git was built without support for $(basename $0) (@@REASON@@)."
 exit 128
diff --git a/unpack-trees.c b/unpack-trees.c
index be84ba2607..f25089b878 100644
--- a/unpack-trees.c
+++ b/unpack-trees.c
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 #define NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
@@ -9,6 +12,12 @@
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "attr.h"
 #include "split-index.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
+#include "fsmonitor.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
+#include "fetch-object.h"
 
 /*
  * Error messages expected by scripts out of plumbing commands such as
@@ -44,6 +53,9 @@ static const char *unpack_plumbing_errors[NB_UNPACK_TREES_ERROR_TYPES] = {
 
 	/* ERROR_WOULD_LOSE_ORPHANED_REMOVED */
 	"Working tree file '%s' would be removed by sparse checkout update.",
+
+	/* ERROR_WOULD_LOSE_SUBMODULE */
+	"Submodule '%s' cannot checkout new HEAD.",
 };
 
 #define ERRORMSG(o,type) \
@@ -51,46 +63,121 @@ static const char *unpack_plumbing_errors[NB_UNPACK_TREES_ERROR_TYPES] = {
 	  ? ((o)->msgs[(type)])      \
 	  : (unpack_plumbing_errors[(type)]) )
 
+static const char *super_prefixed(const char *path)
+{
+	/*
+	 * It is necessary and sufficient to have two static buffers
+	 * here, as the return value of this function is fed to
+	 * error() using the unpack_*_errors[] templates we see above.
+	 */
+	static struct strbuf buf[2] = {STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT};
+	static int super_prefix_len = -1;
+	static unsigned idx = ARRAY_SIZE(buf) - 1;
+
+	if (super_prefix_len < 0) {
+		const char *super_prefix = get_super_prefix();
+		if (!super_prefix) {
+			super_prefix_len = 0;
+		} else {
+			int i;
+			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(buf); i++)
+				strbuf_addstr(&buf[i], super_prefix);
+			super_prefix_len = buf[0].len;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!super_prefix_len)
+		return path;
+
+	if (++idx >= ARRAY_SIZE(buf))
+		idx = 0;
+
+	strbuf_setlen(&buf[idx], super_prefix_len);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf[idx], path);
+
+	return buf[idx].buf;
+}
+
 void setup_unpack_trees_porcelain(struct unpack_trees_options *opts,
 				  const char *cmd)
 {
 	int i;
 	const char **msgs = opts->msgs;
 	const char *msg;
-	const char *cmd2 = strcmp(cmd, "checkout") ? cmd : "switch branches";
 
-	if (advice_commit_before_merge)
-		msg = "Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n%%s"
-			"Please, commit your changes or stash them before you can %s.";
+	argv_array_init(&opts->msgs_to_free);
+
+	if (!strcmp(cmd, "checkout"))
+		msg = advice_commit_before_merge
+		      ? _("Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n%%s"
+			  "Please commit your changes or stash them before you switch branches.")
+		      : _("Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:\n%%s");
+	else if (!strcmp(cmd, "merge"))
+		msg = advice_commit_before_merge
+		      ? _("Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n%%s"
+			  "Please commit your changes or stash them before you merge.")
+		      : _("Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n%%s");
 	else
-		msg = "Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n%%s";
+		msg = advice_commit_before_merge
+		      ? _("Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n%%s"
+			  "Please commit your changes or stash them before you %s.")
+		      : _("Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by %s:\n%%s");
 	msgs[ERROR_WOULD_OVERWRITE] = msgs[ERROR_NOT_UPTODATE_FILE] =
-		xstrfmt(msg, cmd, cmd2);
+		argv_array_pushf(&opts->msgs_to_free, msg, cmd, cmd);
 
 	msgs[ERROR_NOT_UPTODATE_DIR] =
-		"Updating the following directories would lose untracked files in it:\n%s";
-
-	if (advice_commit_before_merge)
-		msg = "The following untracked working tree files would be %s by %s:\n%%s"
-			"Please move or remove them before you can %s.";
+		_("Updating the following directories would lose untracked files in them:\n%s");
+
+	if (!strcmp(cmd, "checkout"))
+		msg = advice_commit_before_merge
+		      ? _("The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n%%s"
+			  "Please move or remove them before you switch branches.")
+		      : _("The following untracked working tree files would be removed by checkout:\n%%s");
+	else if (!strcmp(cmd, "merge"))
+		msg = advice_commit_before_merge
+		      ? _("The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n%%s"
+			  "Please move or remove them before you merge.")
+		      : _("The following untracked working tree files would be removed by merge:\n%%s");
 	else
-		msg = "The following untracked working tree files would be %s by %s:\n%%s";
-
-	msgs[ERROR_WOULD_LOSE_UNTRACKED_REMOVED] = xstrfmt(msg, "removed", cmd, cmd2);
-	msgs[ERROR_WOULD_LOSE_UNTRACKED_OVERWRITTEN] = xstrfmt(msg, "overwritten", cmd, cmd2);
+		msg = advice_commit_before_merge
+		      ? _("The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n%%s"
+			  "Please move or remove them before you %s.")
+		      : _("The following untracked working tree files would be removed by %s:\n%%s");
+	msgs[ERROR_WOULD_LOSE_UNTRACKED_REMOVED] =
+		argv_array_pushf(&opts->msgs_to_free, msg, cmd, cmd);
+
+	if (!strcmp(cmd, "checkout"))
+		msg = advice_commit_before_merge
+		      ? _("The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by checkout:\n%%s"
+			  "Please move or remove them before you switch branches.")
+		      : _("The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by checkout:\n%%s");
+	else if (!strcmp(cmd, "merge"))
+		msg = advice_commit_before_merge
+		      ? _("The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n%%s"
+			  "Please move or remove them before you merge.")
+		      : _("The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by merge:\n%%s");
+	else
+		msg = advice_commit_before_merge
+		      ? _("The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n%%s"
+			  "Please move or remove them before you %s.")
+		      : _("The following untracked working tree files would be overwritten by %s:\n%%s");
+	msgs[ERROR_WOULD_LOSE_UNTRACKED_OVERWRITTEN] =
+		argv_array_pushf(&opts->msgs_to_free, msg, cmd, cmd);
 
 	/*
 	 * Special case: ERROR_BIND_OVERLAP refers to a pair of paths, we
 	 * cannot easily display it as a list.
 	 */
-	msgs[ERROR_BIND_OVERLAP] = "Entry '%s' overlaps with '%s'.  Cannot bind.";
+	msgs[ERROR_BIND_OVERLAP] = _("Entry '%s' overlaps with '%s'.  Cannot bind.");
 
 	msgs[ERROR_SPARSE_NOT_UPTODATE_FILE] =
-		"Cannot update sparse checkout: the following entries are not up-to-date:\n%s";
+		_("Cannot update sparse checkout: the following entries are not up to date:\n%s");
 	msgs[ERROR_WOULD_LOSE_ORPHANED_OVERWRITTEN] =
-		"The following Working tree files would be overwritten by sparse checkout update:\n%s";
+		_("The following working tree files would be overwritten by sparse checkout update:\n%s");
 	msgs[ERROR_WOULD_LOSE_ORPHANED_REMOVED] =
-		"The following Working tree files would be removed by sparse checkout update:\n%s";
+		_("The following working tree files would be removed by sparse checkout update:\n%s");
+	msgs[ERROR_WOULD_LOSE_SUBMODULE] =
+		_("Cannot update submodule:\n%s");
 
 	opts->show_all_errors = 1;
 	/* rejected paths may not have a static buffer */
@@ -98,6 +185,12 @@ void setup_unpack_trees_porcelain(struct unpack_trees_options *opts,
 		opts->unpack_rejects[i].strdup_strings = 1;
 }
 
+void clear_unpack_trees_porcelain(struct unpack_trees_options *opts)
+{
+	argv_array_clear(&opts->msgs_to_free);
+	memset(opts->msgs, 0, sizeof(opts->msgs));
+}
+
 static int do_add_entry(struct unpack_trees_options *o, struct cache_entry *ce,
 			 unsigned int set, unsigned int clear)
 {
@@ -111,20 +204,11 @@ static int do_add_entry(struct unpack_trees_options *o, struct cache_entry *ce,
 			       ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD | ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
 }
 
-static struct cache_entry *dup_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce)
-{
-	unsigned int size = ce_size(ce);
-	struct cache_entry *new = xmalloc(size);
-
-	memcpy(new, ce, size);
-	return new;
-}
-
 static void add_entry(struct unpack_trees_options *o,
 		      const struct cache_entry *ce,
 		      unsigned int set, unsigned int clear)
 {
-	do_add_entry(o, dup_entry(ce), set, clear);
+	do_add_entry(o, dup_cache_entry(ce, &o->result), set, clear);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -137,7 +221,7 @@ static int add_rejected_path(struct unpack_trees_options *o,
 			     const char *path)
 {
 	if (!o->show_all_errors)
-		return error(ERRORMSG(o, e), path);
+		return error(ERRORMSG(o, e), super_prefixed(path));
 
 	/*
 	 * Otherwise, insert in a list for future display by
@@ -161,13 +245,59 @@ static void display_error_msgs(struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 			something_displayed = 1;
 			for (i = 0; i < rejects->nr; i++)
 				strbuf_addf(&path, "\t%s\n", rejects->items[i].string);
-			error(ERRORMSG(o, e), path.buf);
+			error(ERRORMSG(o, e), super_prefixed(path.buf));
 			strbuf_release(&path);
 		}
 		string_list_clear(rejects, 0);
 	}
 	if (something_displayed)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Aborting\n");
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Aborting\n"));
+}
+
+static int check_submodule_move_head(const struct cache_entry *ce,
+				     const char *old_id,
+				     const char *new_id,
+				     struct unpack_trees_options *o)
+{
+	unsigned flags = SUBMODULE_MOVE_HEAD_DRY_RUN;
+	const struct submodule *sub = submodule_from_ce(ce);
+
+	if (!sub)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (o->reset)
+		flags |= SUBMODULE_MOVE_HEAD_FORCE;
+
+	if (submodule_move_head(ce->name, old_id, new_id, flags))
+		return o->gently ? -1 :
+				   add_rejected_path(o, ERROR_WOULD_LOSE_SUBMODULE, ce->name);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Preform the loading of the repository's gitmodules file.  This function is
+ * used by 'check_update()' to perform loading of the gitmodules file in two
+ * differnt situations:
+ * (1) before removing entries from the working tree if the gitmodules file has
+ *     been marked for removal.  This situation is specified by 'state' == NULL.
+ * (2) before checking out entries to the working tree if the gitmodules file
+ *     has been marked for update.  This situation is specified by 'state' != NULL.
+ */
+static void load_gitmodules_file(struct index_state *index,
+				 struct checkout *state)
+{
+	int pos = index_name_pos(index, GITMODULES_FILE, strlen(GITMODULES_FILE));
+
+	if (pos >= 0) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = index->cache[pos];
+		if (!state && ce->ce_flags & CE_WT_REMOVE) {
+			repo_read_gitmodules(the_repository);
+		} else if (state && (ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE)) {
+			submodule_free(the_repository);
+			checkout_entry(ce, state, NULL);
+			repo_read_gitmodules(the_repository);
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -176,6 +306,12 @@ static void display_error_msgs(struct unpack_trees_options *o)
  */
 static void unlink_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
+	const struct submodule *sub = submodule_from_ce(ce);
+	if (sub) {
+		/* state.force is set at the caller. */
+		submodule_move_head(ce->name, "HEAD", NULL,
+				    SUBMODULE_MOVE_HEAD_FORCE);
+	}
 	if (!check_leading_path(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce)))
 		return;
 	if (remove_or_warn(ce->ce_mode, ce->name))
@@ -183,29 +319,45 @@ static void unlink_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce)
 	schedule_dir_for_removal(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce));
 }
 
-static struct checkout state;
-static int check_updates(struct unpack_trees_options *o)
+static struct progress *get_progress(struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
 	unsigned cnt = 0, total = 0;
+	struct index_state *index = &o->result;
+
+	if (!o->update || !o->verbose_update)
+		return NULL;
+
+	for (; cnt < index->cache_nr; cnt++) {
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = index->cache[cnt];
+		if (ce->ce_flags & (CE_UPDATE | CE_WT_REMOVE))
+			total++;
+	}
+
+	return start_delayed_progress(_("Checking out files"), total);
+}
+
+static int check_updates(struct unpack_trees_options *o)
+{
+	unsigned cnt = 0;
+	int errs = 0;
 	struct progress *progress = NULL;
 	struct index_state *index = &o->result;
+	struct checkout state = CHECKOUT_INIT;
 	int i;
-	int errs = 0;
 
-	if (o->update && o->verbose_update) {
-		for (total = cnt = 0; cnt < index->cache_nr; cnt++) {
-			const struct cache_entry *ce = index->cache[cnt];
-			if (ce->ce_flags & (CE_UPDATE | CE_WT_REMOVE))
-				total++;
-		}
+	state.force = 1;
+	state.quiet = 1;
+	state.refresh_cache = 1;
+	state.istate = index;
 
-		progress = start_progress_delay(_("Checking out files"),
-						total, 50, 1);
-		cnt = 0;
-	}
+	progress = get_progress(o);
 
 	if (o->update)
-		git_attr_set_direction(GIT_ATTR_CHECKOUT, &o->result);
+		git_attr_set_direction(GIT_ATTR_CHECKOUT);
+
+	if (should_update_submodules() && o->update && !o->dry_run)
+		load_gitmodules_file(index, NULL);
+
 	for (i = 0; i < index->cache_nr; i++) {
 		const struct cache_entry *ce = index->cache[i];
 
@@ -213,16 +365,44 @@ static int check_updates(struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 			display_progress(progress, ++cnt);
 			if (o->update && !o->dry_run)
 				unlink_entry(ce);
-			continue;
 		}
 	}
-	remove_marked_cache_entries(&o->result);
+	remove_marked_cache_entries(index);
 	remove_scheduled_dirs();
 
+	if (should_update_submodules() && o->update && !o->dry_run)
+		load_gitmodules_file(index, &state);
+
+	enable_delayed_checkout(&state);
+	if (repository_format_partial_clone && o->update && !o->dry_run) {
+		/*
+		 * Prefetch the objects that are to be checked out in the loop
+		 * below.
+		 */
+		struct oid_array to_fetch = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
+		int fetch_if_missing_store = fetch_if_missing;
+		fetch_if_missing = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < index->cache_nr; i++) {
+			struct cache_entry *ce = index->cache[i];
+			if ((ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE) &&
+			    !S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
+				if (!has_object_file(&ce->oid))
+					oid_array_append(&to_fetch, &ce->oid);
+			}
+		}
+		if (to_fetch.nr)
+			fetch_objects(repository_format_partial_clone,
+				      &to_fetch);
+		fetch_if_missing = fetch_if_missing_store;
+		oid_array_clear(&to_fetch);
+	}
 	for (i = 0; i < index->cache_nr; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = index->cache[i];
 
 		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE) {
+			if (ce->ce_flags & CE_WT_REMOVE)
+				BUG("both update and delete flags are set on %s",
+				    ce->name);
 			display_progress(progress, ++cnt);
 			ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_UPDATE;
 			if (o->update && !o->dry_run) {
@@ -231,8 +411,9 @@ static int check_updates(struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 		}
 	}
 	stop_progress(&progress);
+	errs |= finish_delayed_checkout(&state);
 	if (o->update)
-		git_attr_set_direction(GIT_ATTR_CHECKIN, NULL);
+		git_attr_set_direction(GIT_ATTR_CHECKIN);
 	return errs != 0;
 }
 
@@ -254,6 +435,7 @@ static int apply_sparse_checkout(struct index_state *istate,
 		ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_SKIP_WORKTREE;
 	if (was_skip_worktree != ce_skip_worktree(ce)) {
 		ce->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
+		mark_fsmonitor_invalid(istate, ce);
 		istate->cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_CHANGED;
 	}
 
@@ -292,6 +474,7 @@ static int apply_sparse_checkout(struct index_state *istate,
 		if (!(ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE) && verify_uptodate_sparse(ce, o))
 			return -1;
 		ce->ce_flags |= CE_WT_REMOVE;
+		ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_UPDATE;
 	}
 	if (was_skip_worktree && !ce_skip_worktree(ce)) {
 		if (verify_absent_sparse(ce, ERROR_WOULD_LOSE_UNTRACKED_OVERWRITTEN, o))
@@ -445,12 +628,18 @@ static int switch_cache_bottom(struct traverse_info *info)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static inline int are_same_oid(struct name_entry *name_j, struct name_entry *name_k)
+{
+	return name_j->oid && name_k->oid && !oidcmp(name_j->oid, name_k->oid);
+}
+
 static int traverse_trees_recursive(int n, unsigned long dirmask,
 				    unsigned long df_conflicts,
 				    struct name_entry *names,
 				    struct traverse_info *info)
 {
 	int i, ret, bottom;
+	int nr_buf = 0;
 	struct tree_desc t[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
 	void *buf[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
 	struct traverse_info newinfo;
@@ -467,18 +656,40 @@ static int traverse_trees_recursive(int n, unsigned long dirmask,
 	newinfo.pathlen += tree_entry_len(p) + 1;
 	newinfo.df_conflicts |= df_conflicts;
 
+	/*
+	 * Fetch the tree from the ODB for each peer directory in the
+	 * n commits.
+	 *
+	 * For 2- and 3-way traversals, we try to avoid hitting the
+	 * ODB twice for the same OID.  This should yield a nice speed
+	 * up in checkouts and merges when the commits are similar.
+	 *
+	 * We don't bother doing the full O(n^2) search for larger n,
+	 * because wider traversals don't happen that often and we
+	 * avoid the search setup.
+	 *
+	 * When 2 peer OIDs are the same, we just copy the tree
+	 * descriptor data.  This implicitly borrows the buffer
+	 * data from the earlier cell.
+	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++, dirmask >>= 1) {
-		const unsigned char *sha1 = NULL;
-		if (dirmask & 1)
-			sha1 = names[i].sha1;
-		buf[i] = fill_tree_descriptor(t+i, sha1);
+		if (i > 0 && are_same_oid(&names[i], &names[i - 1]))
+			t[i] = t[i - 1];
+		else if (i > 1 && are_same_oid(&names[i], &names[i - 2]))
+			t[i] = t[i - 2];
+		else {
+			const struct object_id *oid = NULL;
+			if (dirmask & 1)
+				oid = names[i].oid;
+			buf[nr_buf++] = fill_tree_descriptor(t + i, oid);
+		}
 	}
 
 	bottom = switch_cache_bottom(&newinfo);
 	ret = traverse_trees(n, t, &newinfo);
 	restore_cache_bottom(&newinfo, bottom);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_buf; i++)
 		free(buf[i]);
 
 	return ret;
@@ -493,13 +704,14 @@ static int traverse_trees_recursive(int n, unsigned long dirmask,
  * itself - the caller needs to do the final check for the cache
  * entry having more data at the end!
  */
-static int do_compare_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce, const struct traverse_info *info, const struct name_entry *n)
+static int do_compare_entry_piecewise(const struct cache_entry *ce, const struct traverse_info *info, const struct name_entry *n)
 {
 	int len, pathlen, ce_len;
 	const char *ce_name;
 
 	if (info->prev) {
-		int cmp = do_compare_entry(ce, info->prev, &info->name);
+		int cmp = do_compare_entry_piecewise(ce, info->prev,
+						     &info->name);
 		if (cmp)
 			return cmp;
 	}
@@ -517,6 +729,39 @@ static int do_compare_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce, const struct traverse_
 	return df_name_compare(ce_name, ce_len, S_IFREG, n->path, len, n->mode);
 }
 
+static int do_compare_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce,
+			    const struct traverse_info *info,
+			    const struct name_entry *n)
+{
+	int len, pathlen, ce_len;
+	const char *ce_name;
+	int cmp;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we have not precomputed the traverse path, it is quicker
+	 * to avoid doing so.  But if we have precomputed it,
+	 * it is quicker to use the precomputed version.
+	 */
+	if (!info->traverse_path)
+		return do_compare_entry_piecewise(ce, info, n);
+
+	cmp = strncmp(ce->name, info->traverse_path, info->pathlen);
+	if (cmp)
+		return cmp;
+
+	pathlen = info->pathlen;
+	ce_len = ce_namelen(ce);
+
+	if (ce_len < pathlen)
+		return -1;
+
+	ce_len -= pathlen;
+	ce_name = ce->name + pathlen;
+
+	len = tree_entry_len(n);
+	return df_name_compare(ce_name, ce_len, S_IFREG, n->path, len, n->mode);
+}
+
 static int compare_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce, const struct traverse_info *info, const struct name_entry *n)
 {
 	int cmp = do_compare_entry(ce, info, n);
@@ -544,15 +789,22 @@ static int ce_in_traverse_path(const struct cache_entry *ce,
 	return (info->pathlen < ce_namelen(ce));
 }
 
-static struct cache_entry *create_ce_entry(const struct traverse_info *info, const struct name_entry *n, int stage)
+static struct cache_entry *create_ce_entry(const struct traverse_info *info,
+	const struct name_entry *n,
+	int stage,
+	struct index_state *istate,
+	int is_transient)
 {
 	int len = traverse_path_len(info, n);
-	struct cache_entry *ce = xcalloc(1, cache_entry_size(len));
+	struct cache_entry *ce =
+		is_transient ?
+		make_empty_transient_cache_entry(len) :
+		make_empty_cache_entry(istate, len);
 
 	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(n->mode);
 	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
 	ce->ce_namelen = len;
-	hashcpy(ce->sha1, n->sha1);
+	oidcpy(&ce->oid, n->oid);
 	make_traverse_path(ce->name, info, n);
 
 	return ce;
@@ -593,7 +845,15 @@ static int unpack_nondirectories(int n, unsigned long mask,
 			stage = 3;
 		else
 			stage = 2;
-		src[i + o->merge] = create_ce_entry(info, names + i, stage);
+
+		/*
+		 * If the merge bit is set, then the cache entries are
+		 * discarded in the following block.  In this case,
+		 * construct "transient" cache_entries, as they are
+		 * not stored in the index.  otherwise construct the
+		 * cache entry from the index aware logic.
+		 */
+		src[i + o->merge] = create_ce_entry(info, names + i, stage, &o->result, o->merge);
 	}
 
 	if (o->merge) {
@@ -602,7 +862,7 @@ static int unpack_nondirectories(int n, unsigned long mask,
 		for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
 			struct cache_entry *ce = src[i + o->merge];
 			if (ce != o->df_conflict_entry)
-				free(ce);
+				discard_cache_entry(ce);
 		}
 		return rc;
 	}
@@ -656,8 +916,19 @@ static int find_cache_pos(struct traverse_info *info,
 				++o->cache_bottom;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (!ce_in_traverse_path(ce, info))
+		if (!ce_in_traverse_path(ce, info)) {
+			/*
+			 * Check if we can skip future cache checks
+			 * (because we're already past all possible
+			 * entries in the traverse path).
+			 */
+			if (info->traverse_path) {
+				if (strncmp(ce->name, info->traverse_path,
+					    info->pathlen) > 0)
+					break;
+			}
 			continue;
+		}
 		ce_name = ce->name + pfxlen;
 		ce_slash = strchr(ce_name, '/');
 		if (ce_slash)
@@ -821,13 +1092,15 @@ static int unpack_callback(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmask, str
 	return mask;
 }
 
-static int clear_ce_flags_1(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
+static int clear_ce_flags_1(struct index_state *istate,
+			    struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
 			    struct strbuf *prefix,
 			    int select_mask, int clear_mask,
 			    struct exclude_list *el, int defval);
 
 /* Whole directory matching */
-static int clear_ce_flags_dir(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
+static int clear_ce_flags_dir(struct index_state *istate,
+			      struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
 			      struct strbuf *prefix,
 			      char *basename,
 			      int select_mask, int clear_mask,
@@ -836,7 +1109,7 @@ static int clear_ce_flags_dir(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
 	struct cache_entry **cache_end;
 	int dtype = DT_DIR;
 	int ret = is_excluded_from_list(prefix->buf, prefix->len,
-					basename, &dtype, el);
+					basename, &dtype, el, istate);
 	int rc;
 
 	strbuf_addch(prefix, '/');
@@ -858,7 +1131,7 @@ static int clear_ce_flags_dir(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
 	 * calling clear_ce_flags_1(). That function will call
 	 * the expensive is_excluded_from_list() on every entry.
 	 */
-	rc = clear_ce_flags_1(cache, cache_end - cache,
+	rc = clear_ce_flags_1(istate, cache, cache_end - cache,
 			      prefix,
 			      select_mask, clear_mask,
 			      el, ret);
@@ -881,7 +1154,8 @@ static int clear_ce_flags_dir(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
  *   cache[0]->name[0..(prefix_len-1)]
  * Top level path has prefix_len zero.
  */
-static int clear_ce_flags_1(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
+static int clear_ce_flags_1(struct index_state *istate,
+			    struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
 			    struct strbuf *prefix,
 			    int select_mask, int clear_mask,
 			    struct exclude_list *el, int defval)
@@ -915,7 +1189,7 @@ static int clear_ce_flags_1(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
 			len = slash - name;
 			strbuf_add(prefix, name, len);
 
-			processed = clear_ce_flags_dir(cache, cache_end - cache,
+			processed = clear_ce_flags_dir(istate, cache, cache_end - cache,
 						       prefix,
 						       prefix->buf + prefix->len - len,
 						       select_mask, clear_mask,
@@ -929,7 +1203,7 @@ static int clear_ce_flags_1(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
 			}
 
 			strbuf_addch(prefix, '/');
-			cache += clear_ce_flags_1(cache, cache_end - cache,
+			cache += clear_ce_flags_1(istate, cache, cache_end - cache,
 						  prefix,
 						  select_mask, clear_mask, el, defval);
 			strbuf_setlen(prefix, prefix->len - len - 1);
@@ -939,7 +1213,7 @@ static int clear_ce_flags_1(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
 		/* Non-directory */
 		dtype = ce_to_dtype(ce);
 		ret = is_excluded_from_list(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce),
-					    name, &dtype, el);
+					    name, &dtype, el, istate);
 		if (ret < 0)
 			ret = defval;
 		if (ret > 0)
@@ -949,15 +1223,17 @@ static int clear_ce_flags_1(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
 	return nr - (cache_end - cache);
 }
 
-static int clear_ce_flags(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
-			    int select_mask, int clear_mask,
-			    struct exclude_list *el)
+static int clear_ce_flags(struct index_state *istate,
+			  int select_mask, int clear_mask,
+			  struct exclude_list *el)
 {
 	static struct strbuf prefix = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	strbuf_reset(&prefix);
 
-	return clear_ce_flags_1(cache, nr,
+	return clear_ce_flags_1(istate,
+				istate->cache,
+				istate->cache_nr,
 				&prefix,
 				select_mask, clear_mask,
 				el, 0);
@@ -967,7 +1243,7 @@ static int clear_ce_flags(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
  * Set/Clear CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE according to $GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout
  */
 static void mark_new_skip_worktree(struct exclude_list *el,
-				   struct index_state *the_index,
+				   struct index_state *istate,
 				   int select_flag, int skip_wt_flag)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -976,13 +1252,13 @@ static void mark_new_skip_worktree(struct exclude_list *el,
 	 * 1. Pretend the narrowest worktree: only unmerged entries
 	 * are checked out
 	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < the_index->cache_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = the_index->cache[i];
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
 
 		if (select_flag && !(ce->ce_flags & select_flag))
 			continue;
 
-		if (!ce_stage(ce))
+		if (!ce_stage(ce) && !(ce->ce_flags & CE_CONFLICTED))
 			ce->ce_flags |= skip_wt_flag;
 		else
 			ce->ce_flags &= ~skip_wt_flag;
@@ -992,8 +1268,7 @@ static void mark_new_skip_worktree(struct exclude_list *el,
 	 * 2. Widen worktree according to sparse-checkout file.
 	 * Matched entries will have skip_wt_flag cleared (i.e. "in")
 	 */
-	clear_ce_flags(the_index->cache, the_index->cache_nr,
-		       select_flag, skip_wt_flag, el);
+	clear_ce_flags(istate, select_flag, skip_wt_flag, el);
 }
 
 static int verify_absent(const struct cache_entry *,
@@ -1013,21 +1288,17 @@ int unpack_trees(unsigned len, struct tree_desc *t, struct unpack_trees_options
 
 	if (len > MAX_UNPACK_TREES)
 		die("unpack_trees takes at most %d trees", MAX_UNPACK_TREES);
-	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
-	state.base_dir = "";
-	state.force = 1;
-	state.quiet = 1;
-	state.refresh_cache = 1;
-	state.istate = &o->result;
 
 	memset(&el, 0, sizeof(el));
 	if (!core_apply_sparse_checkout || !o->update)
 		o->skip_sparse_checkout = 1;
 	if (!o->skip_sparse_checkout) {
-		if (add_excludes_from_file_to_list(git_path("info/sparse-checkout"), "", 0, &el, 0) < 0)
+		char *sparse = git_pathdup("info/sparse-checkout");
+		if (add_excludes_from_file_to_list(sparse, "", 0, &el, NULL) < 0)
 			o->skip_sparse_checkout = 1;
 		else
 			o->el = &el;
+		free(sparse);
 	}
 
 	memset(&o->result, 0, sizeof(o->result));
@@ -1035,10 +1306,21 @@ int unpack_trees(unsigned len, struct tree_desc *t, struct unpack_trees_options
 	o->result.timestamp.sec = o->src_index->timestamp.sec;
 	o->result.timestamp.nsec = o->src_index->timestamp.nsec;
 	o->result.version = o->src_index->version;
-	o->result.split_index = o->src_index->split_index;
-	if (o->result.split_index)
+	if (!o->src_index->split_index) {
+		o->result.split_index = NULL;
+	} else if (o->src_index == o->dst_index) {
+		/*
+		 * o->dst_index (and thus o->src_index) will be discarded
+		 * and overwritten with o->result at the end of this function,
+		 * so just use src_index's split_index to avoid having to
+		 * create a new one.
+		 */
+		o->result.split_index = o->src_index->split_index;
 		o->result.split_index->refcount++;
-	hashcpy(o->result.sha1, o->src_index->sha1);
+	} else {
+		o->result.split_index = init_split_index(&o->result);
+	}
+	oidcpy(&o->result.oid, &o->src_index->oid);
 	o->merge_size = len;
 	mark_all_ce_unused(o->src_index);
 
@@ -1152,14 +1434,23 @@ int unpack_trees(unsigned len, struct tree_desc *t, struct unpack_trees_options
 		}
 	}
 
-	o->src_index = NULL;
 	ret = check_updates(o) ? (-2) : 0;
 	if (o->dst_index) {
+		if (!ret) {
+			if (!o->result.cache_tree)
+				o->result.cache_tree = cache_tree();
+			if (!cache_tree_fully_valid(o->result.cache_tree))
+				cache_tree_update(&o->result,
+						  WRITE_TREE_SILENT |
+						  WRITE_TREE_REPAIR);
+		}
+		move_index_extensions(&o->result, o->src_index);
 		discard_index(o->dst_index);
 		*o->dst_index = o->result;
 	} else {
 		discard_index(&o->result);
 	}
+	o->src_index = NULL;
 
 done:
 	clear_exclude_list(&el);
@@ -1193,7 +1484,7 @@ static int same(const struct cache_entry *a, const struct cache_entry *b)
 	if ((a->ce_flags | b->ce_flags) & CE_CONFLICTED)
 		return 0;
 	return a->ce_mode == b->ce_mode &&
-	       !hashcmp(a->sha1, b->sha1);
+	       !oidcmp(&a->oid, &b->oid);
 }
 
 
@@ -1223,17 +1514,26 @@ static int verify_uptodate_1(const struct cache_entry *ce,
 	if (!lstat(ce->name, &st)) {
 		int flags = CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID|CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE;
 		unsigned changed = ie_match_stat(o->src_index, ce, &st, flags);
+
+		if (submodule_from_ce(ce)) {
+			int r = check_submodule_move_head(ce,
+				"HEAD", oid_to_hex(&ce->oid), o);
+			if (r)
+				return o->gently ? -1 :
+					add_rejected_path(o, error_type, ce->name);
+			return 0;
+		}
+
 		if (!changed)
 			return 0;
 		/*
-		 * NEEDSWORK: the current default policy is to allow
-		 * submodule to be out of sync wrt the superproject
-		 * index.  This needs to be tightened later for
-		 * submodules that are marked to be automatically
-		 * checked out.
+		 * Historic default policy was to allow submodule to be out
+		 * of sync wrt the superproject index. If the submodule was
+		 * not considered interesting above, we don't care here.
 		 */
 		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
 			return 0;
+
 		errno = 0;
 	}
 	if (errno == ENOENT)
@@ -1242,8 +1542,8 @@ static int verify_uptodate_1(const struct cache_entry *ce,
 		add_rejected_path(o, error_type, ce->name);
 }
 
-static int verify_uptodate(const struct cache_entry *ce,
-			   struct unpack_trees_options *o)
+int verify_uptodate(const struct cache_entry *ce,
+		    struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
 	if (!o->skip_sparse_checkout && (ce->ce_flags & CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE))
 		return 0;
@@ -1256,11 +1556,24 @@ static int verify_uptodate_sparse(const struct cache_entry *ce,
 	return verify_uptodate_1(ce, o, ERROR_SPARSE_NOT_UPTODATE_FILE);
 }
 
+/*
+ * TODO: We should actually invalidate o->result, not src_index [1].
+ * But since cache tree and untracked cache both are not copied to
+ * o->result until unpacking is complete, we invalidate them on
+ * src_index instead with the assumption that they will be copied to
+ * dst_index at the end.
+ *
+ * [1] src_index->cache_tree is also used in unpack_callback() so if
+ * we invalidate o->result, we need to update it to use
+ * o->result.cache_tree as well.
+ */
 static void invalidate_ce_path(const struct cache_entry *ce,
 			       struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
-	if (ce)
-		cache_tree_invalidate_path(o->src_index, ce->name);
+	if (!ce)
+		return;
+	cache_tree_invalidate_path(o->src_index, ce->name);
+	untracked_cache_invalidate_path(o->src_index, ce->name, 1);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1270,11 +1583,16 @@ static void invalidate_ce_path(const struct cache_entry *ce,
  * Currently, git does not checkout subprojects during a superproject
  * checkout, so it is not going to overwrite anything.
  */
-static int verify_clean_submodule(const struct cache_entry *ce,
+static int verify_clean_submodule(const char *old_sha1,
+				  const struct cache_entry *ce,
 				  enum unpack_trees_error_types error_type,
 				  struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
-	return 0;
+	if (!submodule_from_ce(ce))
+		return 0;
+
+	return check_submodule_move_head(ce, old_sha1,
+					 oid_to_hex(&ce->oid), o);
 }
 
 static int verify_clean_subdirectory(const struct cache_entry *ce,
@@ -1290,16 +1608,18 @@ static int verify_clean_subdirectory(const struct cache_entry *ce,
 	struct dir_struct d;
 	char *pathbuf;
 	int cnt = 0;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
-	if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) &&
-	    resolve_gitlink_ref(ce->name, "HEAD", sha1) == 0) {
-		/* If we are not going to update the submodule, then
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		int sub_head = resolve_gitlink_ref(ce->name, "HEAD", &oid);
+		/*
+		 * If we are not going to update the submodule, then
 		 * we don't care.
 		 */
-		if (!hashcmp(sha1, ce->sha1))
+		if (!sub_head && !oidcmp(&oid, &ce->oid))
 			return 0;
-		return verify_clean_submodule(ce, error_type, o);
+		return verify_clean_submodule(sub_head ? NULL : oid_to_hex(&oid),
+					      ce, error_type, o);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -1333,14 +1653,12 @@ static int verify_clean_subdirectory(const struct cache_entry *ce,
 	 * Then we need to make sure that we do not lose a locally
 	 * present file that is not ignored.
 	 */
-	pathbuf = xmalloc(namelen + 2);
-	memcpy(pathbuf, ce->name, namelen);
-	strcpy(pathbuf+namelen, "/");
+	pathbuf = xstrfmt("%.*s/", namelen, ce->name);
 
 	memset(&d, 0, sizeof(d));
 	if (o->dir)
 		d.exclude_per_dir = o->dir->exclude_per_dir;
-	i = read_directory(&d, pathbuf, namelen+1, NULL);
+	i = read_directory(&d, o->src_index, pathbuf, namelen+1, NULL);
 	if (i)
 		return o->gently ? -1 :
 			add_rejected_path(o, ERROR_NOT_UPTODATE_DIR, ce->name);
@@ -1382,7 +1700,7 @@ static int check_ok_to_remove(const char *name, int len, int dtype,
 		return 0;
 
 	if (o->dir &&
-	    is_excluded(o->dir, name, &dtype))
+	    is_excluded(o->dir, o->src_index, name, &dtype))
 		/*
 		 * ce->name is explicitly excluded, so it is Ok to
 		 * overwrite it.
@@ -1434,21 +1752,32 @@ static int verify_absent_1(const struct cache_entry *ce,
 	if (!len)
 		return 0;
 	else if (len > 0) {
-		char path[PATH_MAX + 1];
-		memcpy(path, ce->name, len);
-		path[len] = 0;
-		if (lstat(path, &st))
-			return error("cannot stat '%s': %s", path,
-					strerror(errno));
+		char *path;
+		int ret;
 
-		return check_ok_to_remove(path, len, DT_UNKNOWN, NULL, &st,
-				error_type, o);
+		path = xmemdupz(ce->name, len);
+		if (lstat(path, &st))
+			ret = error_errno("cannot stat '%s'", path);
+		else {
+			if (submodule_from_ce(ce))
+				ret = check_submodule_move_head(ce,
+								oid_to_hex(&ce->oid),
+								NULL, o);
+			else
+				ret = check_ok_to_remove(path, len, DT_UNKNOWN, NULL,
+							 &st, error_type, o);
+		}
+		free(path);
+		return ret;
 	} else if (lstat(ce->name, &st)) {
 		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			return error("cannot stat '%s': %s", ce->name,
-				     strerror(errno));
+			return error_errno("cannot stat '%s'", ce->name);
 		return 0;
 	} else {
+		if (submodule_from_ce(ce))
+			return check_submodule_move_head(ce, oid_to_hex(&ce->oid),
+							 NULL, o);
+
 		return check_ok_to_remove(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce),
 					  ce_to_dtype(ce), ce, &st,
 					  error_type, o);
@@ -1480,7 +1809,7 @@ static int merged_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce,
 			struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
 	int update = CE_UPDATE;
-	struct cache_entry *merge = dup_entry(ce);
+	struct cache_entry *merge = dup_cache_entry(ce, &o->result);
 
 	if (!old) {
 		/*
@@ -1500,10 +1829,19 @@ static int merged_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce,
 
 		if (verify_absent(merge,
 				  ERROR_WOULD_LOSE_UNTRACKED_OVERWRITTEN, o)) {
-			free(merge);
+			discard_cache_entry(merge);
 			return -1;
 		}
 		invalidate_ce_path(merge, o);
+
+		if (submodule_from_ce(ce)) {
+			int ret = check_submodule_move_head(ce, NULL,
+							    oid_to_hex(&ce->oid),
+							    o);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+		}
+
 	} else if (!(old->ce_flags & CE_CONFLICTED)) {
 		/*
 		 * See if we can re-use the old CE directly?
@@ -1517,13 +1855,21 @@ static int merged_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce,
 			update = 0;
 		} else {
 			if (verify_uptodate(old, o)) {
-				free(merge);
+				discard_cache_entry(merge);
 				return -1;
 			}
 			/* Migrate old flags over */
 			update |= old->ce_flags & (CE_SKIP_WORKTREE | CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE);
 			invalidate_ce_path(old, o);
 		}
+
+		if (submodule_from_ce(ce)) {
+			int ret = check_submodule_move_head(ce, oid_to_hex(&old->oid),
+							    oid_to_hex(&ce->oid),
+							    o);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+		}
 	} else {
 		/*
 		 * Previously unmerged entry left as an existence
@@ -1570,7 +1916,7 @@ static void show_stage_entry(FILE *o,
 		fprintf(o, "%s%06o %s %d\t%s\n",
 			label,
 			ce->ce_mode,
-			sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1),
+			oid_to_hex(&ce->oid),
 			ce_stage(ce),
 			ce->name);
 }
@@ -1824,7 +2170,9 @@ int bind_merge(const struct cache_entry * const *src,
 			     o->merge_size);
 	if (a && old)
 		return o->gently ? -1 :
-			error(ERRORMSG(o, ERROR_BIND_OVERLAP), a->name, old->name);
+			error(ERRORMSG(o, ERROR_BIND_OVERLAP),
+			      super_prefixed(a->name),
+			      super_prefixed(old->name));
 	if (!a)
 		return keep_entry(old, o);
 	else
@@ -1858,6 +2206,9 @@ int oneway_merge(const struct cache_entry * const *src,
 			    ie_match_stat(o->src_index, old, &st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID|CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE))
 				update |= CE_UPDATE;
 		}
+		if (o->update && S_ISGITLINK(old->ce_mode) &&
+		    should_update_submodules() && !verify_uptodate(old, o))
+			update |= CE_UPDATE;
 		add_entry(o, old, update, 0);
 		return 0;
 	}
diff --git a/unpack-trees.h b/unpack-trees.h
index 36a73a6d00..847f217dba 100644
--- a/unpack-trees.h
+++ b/unpack-trees.h
@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 #ifndef UNPACK_TREES_H
 #define UNPACK_TREES_H
 
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
 
 #define MAX_UNPACK_TREES 8
 
+struct cache_entry;
 struct unpack_trees_options;
 struct exclude_list;
 
@@ -21,6 +25,7 @@ enum unpack_trees_error_types {
 	ERROR_SPARSE_NOT_UPTODATE_FILE,
 	ERROR_WOULD_LOSE_ORPHANED_OVERWRITTEN,
 	ERROR_WOULD_LOSE_ORPHANED_REMOVED,
+	ERROR_WOULD_LOSE_SUBMODULE,
 	NB_UNPACK_TREES_ERROR_TYPES
 };
 
@@ -31,6 +36,11 @@ enum unpack_trees_error_types {
 void setup_unpack_trees_porcelain(struct unpack_trees_options *opts,
 				  const char *cmd);
 
+/*
+ * Frees resources allocated by setup_unpack_trees_porcelain().
+ */
+void clear_unpack_trees_porcelain(struct unpack_trees_options *opts);
+
 struct unpack_trees_options {
 	unsigned int reset,
 		     merge,
@@ -55,6 +65,7 @@ struct unpack_trees_options {
 	struct pathspec *pathspec;
 	merge_fn_t fn;
 	const char *msgs[NB_UNPACK_TREES_ERROR_TYPES];
+	struct argv_array msgs_to_free;
 	/*
 	 * Store error messages in an array, each case
 	 * corresponding to a error message type
@@ -74,8 +85,11 @@ struct unpack_trees_options {
 	struct exclude_list *el; /* for internal use */
 };
 
-extern int unpack_trees(unsigned n, struct tree_desc *t,
-		struct unpack_trees_options *options);
+int unpack_trees(unsigned n, struct tree_desc *t,
+		 struct unpack_trees_options *options);
+
+int verify_uptodate(const struct cache_entry *ce,
+		    struct unpack_trees_options *o);
 
 int threeway_merge(const struct cache_entry * const *stages,
 		   struct unpack_trees_options *o);
diff --git a/update_unicode.sh b/update_unicode.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 27af77c7df..0000000000
--- a/update_unicode.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#See http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/
-#
-#Me Enclosing_Mark  an enclosing combining mark
-#Mn Nonspacing_Mark a nonspacing combining mark (zero advance width)
-#Cf Format          a format control character
-#
-UNICODEWIDTH_H=../unicode_width.h
-if ! test -d unicode; then
-	mkdir unicode
-fi &&
-( cd unicode &&
-	if ! test -f UnicodeData.txt; then
-		wget http://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/UnicodeData.txt
-	fi &&
-	if ! test -f EastAsianWidth.txt; then
-		wget http://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/EastAsianWidth.txt
-	fi &&
-	if ! test -d uniset; then
-		git clone https://github.com/depp/uniset.git
-	fi &&
-	(
-		cd uniset &&
-		if ! test -x uniset; then
-			autoreconf -i &&
-			./configure --enable-warnings=-Werror CFLAGS='-O0 -ggdb'
-		fi &&
-		make
-	) &&
-	UNICODE_DIR=. && export UNICODE_DIR &&
-	cat >$UNICODEWIDTH_H <<-EOF
-	static const struct interval zero_width[] = {
-		$(uniset/uniset --32 cat:Me,Mn,Cf + U+1160..U+11FF - U+00AD |
-		  grep -v plane)
-	};
-	static const struct interval double_width[] = {
-		$(uniset/uniset --32 eaw:F,W)
-	};
-	EOF
-)
diff --git a/upload-pack.c b/upload-pack.c
index b531a325d2..82b393ec31 100644
--- a/upload-pack.c
+++ b/upload-pack.c
@@ -1,21 +1,29 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "sideband.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "commit.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "list-objects.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter.h"
+#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "connect.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
 #include "version.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
-
-static const char upload_pack_usage[] = "git upload-pack [--strict] [--timeout=<n>] <dir>";
+#include "argv-array.h"
+#include "prio-queue.h"
+#include "protocol.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "upload-pack.h"
+#include "serve.h"
 
 /* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
 #define THEY_HAVE	(1u << 11)
@@ -29,13 +37,20 @@ static const char upload_pack_usage[] = "git upload-pack [--strict] [--timeout=<
 #define CLIENT_SHALLOW	(1u << 18)
 #define HIDDEN_REF	(1u << 19)
 
-static unsigned long oldest_have;
+static timestamp_t oldest_have;
 
+static int deepen_relative;
 static int multi_ack;
 static int no_done;
 static int use_thin_pack, use_ofs_delta, use_include_tag;
 static int no_progress, daemon_mode;
-static int allow_tip_sha1_in_want;
+/* Allow specifying sha1 if it is a ref tip. */
+#define ALLOW_TIP_SHA1	01
+/* Allow request of a sha1 if it is reachable from a ref (possibly hidden ref). */
+#define ALLOW_REACHABLE_SHA1	02
+/* Allow request of any sha1. Implies ALLOW_TIP_SHA1 and ALLOW_REACHABLE_SHA1. */
+#define ALLOW_ANY_SHA1	07
+static unsigned int allow_unadvertised_object_request;
 static int shallow_nr;
 static struct object_array have_obj;
 static struct object_array want_obj;
@@ -46,35 +61,41 @@ static int keepalive = 5;
  * otherwise maximum packet size (up to 65520 bytes).
  */
 static int use_sideband;
-static int advertise_refs;
 static int stateless_rpc;
+static const char *pack_objects_hook;
+
+static int filter_capability_requested;
+static int allow_filter;
+static int allow_ref_in_want;
+static struct list_objects_filter_options filter_options;
 
 static void reset_timeout(void)
 {
 	alarm(timeout);
 }
 
-static ssize_t send_client_data(int fd, const char *data, ssize_t sz)
+static void send_client_data(int fd, const char *data, ssize_t sz)
 {
-	if (use_sideband)
-		return send_sideband(1, fd, data, sz, use_sideband);
+	if (use_sideband) {
+		send_sideband(1, fd, data, sz, use_sideband);
+		return;
+	}
 	if (fd == 3)
 		/* emergency quit */
 		fd = 2;
 	if (fd == 2) {
 		/* XXX: are we happy to lose stuff here? */
 		xwrite(fd, data, sz);
-		return sz;
+		return;
 	}
 	write_or_die(fd, data, sz);
-	return sz;
 }
 
 static int write_one_shallow(const struct commit_graft *graft, void *cb_data)
 {
 	FILE *fp = cb_data;
 	if (graft->nr_parent == -1)
-		fprintf(fp, "--shallow %s\n", sha1_to_hex(graft->sha1));
+		fprintf(fp, "--shallow %s\n", oid_to_hex(&graft->oid));
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -86,35 +107,50 @@ static void create_pack_file(void)
 		"corruption on the remote side.";
 	int buffered = -1;
 	ssize_t sz;
-	const char *argv[13];
-	int i, arg = 0;
+	int i;
 	FILE *pipe_fd;
 
+	if (!pack_objects_hook)
+		pack_objects.git_cmd = 1;
+	else {
+		argv_array_push(&pack_objects.args, pack_objects_hook);
+		argv_array_push(&pack_objects.args, "git");
+		pack_objects.use_shell = 1;
+	}
+
 	if (shallow_nr) {
-		argv[arg++] = "--shallow-file";
-		argv[arg++] = "";
+		argv_array_push(&pack_objects.args, "--shallow-file");
+		argv_array_push(&pack_objects.args, "");
 	}
-	argv[arg++] = "pack-objects";
-	argv[arg++] = "--revs";
+	argv_array_push(&pack_objects.args, "pack-objects");
+	argv_array_push(&pack_objects.args, "--revs");
 	if (use_thin_pack)
-		argv[arg++] = "--thin";
+		argv_array_push(&pack_objects.args, "--thin");
 
-	argv[arg++] = "--stdout";
+	argv_array_push(&pack_objects.args, "--stdout");
 	if (shallow_nr)
-		argv[arg++] = "--shallow";
+		argv_array_push(&pack_objects.args, "--shallow");
 	if (!no_progress)
-		argv[arg++] = "--progress";
+		argv_array_push(&pack_objects.args, "--progress");
 	if (use_ofs_delta)
-		argv[arg++] = "--delta-base-offset";
+		argv_array_push(&pack_objects.args, "--delta-base-offset");
 	if (use_include_tag)
-		argv[arg++] = "--include-tag";
-	argv[arg++] = NULL;
+		argv_array_push(&pack_objects.args, "--include-tag");
+	if (filter_options.filter_spec) {
+		if (pack_objects.use_shell) {
+			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+			sq_quote_buf(&buf, filter_options.filter_spec);
+			argv_array_pushf(&pack_objects.args, "--filter=%s", buf.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&buf);
+		} else {
+			argv_array_pushf(&pack_objects.args, "--filter=%s",
+					 filter_options.filter_spec);
+		}
+	}
 
 	pack_objects.in = -1;
 	pack_objects.out = -1;
 	pack_objects.err = -1;
-	pack_objects.git_cmd = 1;
-	pack_objects.argv = argv;
 
 	if (start_command(&pack_objects))
 		die("git upload-pack: unable to fork git-pack-objects");
@@ -126,14 +162,14 @@ static void create_pack_file(void)
 
 	for (i = 0; i < want_obj.nr; i++)
 		fprintf(pipe_fd, "%s\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(want_obj.objects[i].item->sha1));
+			oid_to_hex(&want_obj.objects[i].item->oid));
 	fprintf(pipe_fd, "--not\n");
 	for (i = 0; i < have_obj.nr; i++)
 		fprintf(pipe_fd, "%s\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(have_obj.objects[i].item->sha1));
+			oid_to_hex(&have_obj.objects[i].item->oid));
 	for (i = 0; i < extra_edge_obj.nr; i++)
 		fprintf(pipe_fd, "%s\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(extra_edge_obj.objects[i].item->sha1));
+			oid_to_hex(&extra_edge_obj.objects[i].item->oid));
 	fprintf(pipe_fd, "\n");
 	fflush(pipe_fd);
 	fclose(pipe_fd);
@@ -173,8 +209,7 @@ static void create_pack_file(void)
 
 		if (ret < 0) {
 			if (errno != EINTR) {
-				error("poll failed, resuming: %s",
-				      strerror(errno));
+				error_errno("poll failed, resuming");
 				sleep(1);
 			}
 			continue;
@@ -229,9 +264,7 @@ static void create_pack_file(void)
 			}
 			else
 				buffered = -1;
-			sz = send_client_data(1, data, sz);
-			if (sz < 0)
-				goto fail;
+			send_client_data(1, data, sz);
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -258,9 +291,7 @@ static void create_pack_file(void)
 	/* flush the data */
 	if (0 <= buffered) {
 		data[0] = buffered;
-		sz = send_client_data(1, data, 1);
-		if (sz < 0)
-			goto fail;
+		send_client_data(1, data, 1);
 		fprintf(stderr, "flushed.\n");
 	}
 	if (use_sideband)
@@ -272,19 +303,19 @@ static void create_pack_file(void)
 	die("git upload-pack: %s", abort_msg);
 }
 
-static int got_sha1(char *hex, unsigned char *sha1)
+static int got_oid(const char *hex, struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	struct object *o;
 	int we_knew_they_have = 0;
 
-	if (get_sha1_hex(hex, sha1))
+	if (get_oid_hex(hex, oid))
 		die("git upload-pack: expected SHA1 object, got '%s'", hex);
-	if (!has_sha1_file(sha1))
+	if (!has_object_file(oid))
 		return -1;
 
-	o = parse_object(sha1);
+	o = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
 	if (!o)
-		die("oops (%s)", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		die("oops (%s)", oid_to_hex(oid));
 	if (o->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
 		struct commit_list *parents;
 		struct commit *commit = (struct commit *)o;
@@ -308,21 +339,19 @@ static int got_sha1(char *hex, unsigned char *sha1)
 
 static int reachable(struct commit *want)
 {
-	struct commit_list *work = NULL;
+	struct prio_queue work = { compare_commits_by_commit_date };
 
-	commit_list_insert_by_date(want, &work);
-	while (work) {
-		struct commit_list *list = work->next;
-		struct commit *commit = work->item;
-		free(work);
-		work = list;
+	prio_queue_put(&work, want);
+	while (work.nr) {
+		struct commit_list *list;
+		struct commit *commit = prio_queue_get(&work);
 
 		if (commit->object.flags & THEY_HAVE) {
 			want->object.flags |= COMMON_KNOWN;
 			break;
 		}
 		if (!commit->object.parsed)
-			parse_object(commit->object.sha1);
+			parse_object(the_repository, &commit->object.oid);
 		if (commit->object.flags & REACHABLE)
 			continue;
 		commit->object.flags |= REACHABLE;
@@ -331,12 +360,12 @@ static int reachable(struct commit *want)
 		for (list = commit->parents; list; list = list->next) {
 			struct commit *parent = list->item;
 			if (!(parent->object.flags & REACHABLE))
-				commit_list_insert_by_date(parent, &work);
+				prio_queue_put(&work, parent);
 		}
 	}
 	want->object.flags |= REACHABLE;
 	clear_commit_marks(want, REACHABLE);
-	free_commit_list(work);
+	clear_prio_queue(&work);
 	return (want->object.flags & COMMON_KNOWN);
 }
 
@@ -352,7 +381,7 @@ static int ok_to_give_up(void)
 
 		if (want->flags & COMMON_KNOWN)
 			continue;
-		want = deref_tag(want, "a want line", 0);
+		want = deref_tag(the_repository, want, "a want line", 0);
 		if (!want || want->type != OBJ_COMMIT) {
 			/* no way to tell if this is reachable by
 			 * looking at the ancestry chain alone, so
@@ -370,8 +399,8 @@ static int ok_to_give_up(void)
 
 static int get_common_commits(void)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char last_hex[41];
+	struct object_id oid;
+	char last_hex[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
 	int got_common = 0;
 	int got_other = 0;
 	int sent_ready = 0;
@@ -380,19 +409,21 @@ static int get_common_commits(void)
 
 	for (;;) {
 		char *line = packet_read_line(0, NULL);
+		const char *arg;
+
 		reset_timeout();
 
 		if (!line) {
 			if (multi_ack == 2 && got_common
 			    && !got_other && ok_to_give_up()) {
 				sent_ready = 1;
-				packet_write(1, "ACK %s ready\n", last_hex);
+				packet_write_fmt(1, "ACK %s ready\n", last_hex);
 			}
 			if (have_obj.nr == 0 || multi_ack)
-				packet_write(1, "NAK\n");
+				packet_write_fmt(1, "NAK\n");
 
 			if (no_done && sent_ready) {
-				packet_write(1, "ACK %s\n", last_hex);
+				packet_write_fmt(1, "ACK %s\n", last_hex);
 				return 0;
 			}
 			if (stateless_rpc)
@@ -401,28 +432,28 @@ static int get_common_commits(void)
 			got_other = 0;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (starts_with(line, "have ")) {
-			switch (got_sha1(line+5, sha1)) {
+		if (skip_prefix(line, "have ", &arg)) {
+			switch (got_oid(arg, &oid)) {
 			case -1: /* they have what we do not */
 				got_other = 1;
 				if (multi_ack && ok_to_give_up()) {
-					const char *hex = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
+					const char *hex = oid_to_hex(&oid);
 					if (multi_ack == 2) {
 						sent_ready = 1;
-						packet_write(1, "ACK %s ready\n", hex);
+						packet_write_fmt(1, "ACK %s ready\n", hex);
 					} else
-						packet_write(1, "ACK %s continue\n", hex);
+						packet_write_fmt(1, "ACK %s continue\n", hex);
 				}
 				break;
 			default:
 				got_common = 1;
-				memcpy(last_hex, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 41);
+				oid_to_hex_r(last_hex, &oid);
 				if (multi_ack == 2)
-					packet_write(1, "ACK %s common\n", last_hex);
+					packet_write_fmt(1, "ACK %s common\n", last_hex);
 				else if (multi_ack)
-					packet_write(1, "ACK %s continue\n", last_hex);
+					packet_write_fmt(1, "ACK %s continue\n", last_hex);
 				else if (have_obj.nr == 1)
-					packet_write(1, "ACK %s\n", last_hex);
+					packet_write_fmt(1, "ACK %s\n", last_hex);
 				break;
 			}
 			continue;
@@ -430,10 +461,10 @@ static int get_common_commits(void)
 		if (!strcmp(line, "done")) {
 			if (have_obj.nr > 0) {
 				if (multi_ack)
-					packet_write(1, "ACK %s\n", last_hex);
+					packet_write_fmt(1, "ACK %s\n", last_hex);
 				return 0;
 			}
-			packet_write(1, "NAK\n");
+			packet_write_fmt(1, "NAK\n");
 			return -1;
 		}
 		die("git upload-pack: expected SHA1 list, got '%s'", line);
@@ -442,73 +473,143 @@ static int get_common_commits(void)
 
 static int is_our_ref(struct object *o)
 {
-	return o->flags &
-		((allow_tip_sha1_in_want ? HIDDEN_REF : 0) | OUR_REF);
+	int allow_hidden_ref = (allow_unadvertised_object_request &
+			(ALLOW_TIP_SHA1 | ALLOW_REACHABLE_SHA1));
+	return o->flags & ((allow_hidden_ref ? HIDDEN_REF : 0) | OUR_REF);
 }
 
-static void check_non_tip(void)
+/*
+ * on successful case, it's up to the caller to close cmd->out
+ */
+static int do_reachable_revlist(struct child_process *cmd,
+				struct object_array *src,
+				struct object_array *reachable)
 {
 	static const char *argv[] = {
 		"rev-list", "--stdin", NULL,
 	};
-	static struct child_process cmd = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 	struct object *o;
-	char namebuf[42]; /* ^ + SHA-1 + LF */
+	char namebuf[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 2]; /* ^ + hash + LF */
 	int i;
 
-	/* In the normal in-process case non-tip request can never happen */
-	if (!stateless_rpc)
-		goto error;
-
-	cmd.argv = argv;
-	cmd.git_cmd = 1;
-	cmd.no_stderr = 1;
-	cmd.in = -1;
-	cmd.out = -1;
-
-	if (start_command(&cmd))
-		goto error;
+	cmd->argv = argv;
+	cmd->git_cmd = 1;
+	cmd->no_stderr = 1;
+	cmd->in = -1;
+	cmd->out = -1;
 
 	/*
-	 * If rev-list --stdin encounters an unknown commit, it
-	 * terminates, which will cause SIGPIPE in the write loop
+	 * If the next rev-list --stdin encounters an unknown commit,
+	 * it terminates, which will cause SIGPIPE in the write loop
 	 * below.
 	 */
 	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
 
+	if (start_command(cmd))
+		goto error;
+
 	namebuf[0] = '^';
-	namebuf[41] = '\n';
+	namebuf[GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1] = '\n';
 	for (i = get_max_object_index(); 0 < i; ) {
 		o = get_indexed_object(--i);
 		if (!o)
 			continue;
+		if (reachable && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+			o->flags &= ~TMP_MARK;
 		if (!is_our_ref(o))
 			continue;
-		memcpy(namebuf + 1, sha1_to_hex(o->sha1), 40);
-		if (write_in_full(cmd.in, namebuf, 42) < 0)
+		memcpy(namebuf + 1, oid_to_hex(&o->oid), GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ);
+		if (write_in_full(cmd->in, namebuf, GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 2) < 0)
 			goto error;
 	}
-	namebuf[40] = '\n';
-	for (i = 0; i < want_obj.nr; i++) {
-		o = want_obj.objects[i].item;
-		if (is_our_ref(o))
+	namebuf[GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ] = '\n';
+	for (i = 0; i < src->nr; i++) {
+		o = src->objects[i].item;
+		if (is_our_ref(o)) {
+			if (reachable)
+				add_object_array(o, NULL, reachable);
 			continue;
-		memcpy(namebuf, sha1_to_hex(o->sha1), 40);
-		if (write_in_full(cmd.in, namebuf, 41) < 0)
+		}
+		if (reachable && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+			o->flags |= TMP_MARK;
+		memcpy(namebuf, oid_to_hex(&o->oid), GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ);
+		if (write_in_full(cmd->in, namebuf, GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1) < 0)
 			goto error;
 	}
-	close(cmd.in);
+	close(cmd->in);
+	cmd->in = -1;
+	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
+
+	return 0;
 
+error:
 	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
 
+	if (cmd->in >= 0)
+		close(cmd->in);
+	if (cmd->out >= 0)
+		close(cmd->out);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int get_reachable_list(struct object_array *src,
+			      struct object_array *reachable)
+{
+	struct child_process cmd = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	int i;
+	struct object *o;
+	char namebuf[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 2]; /* ^ + hash + LF */
+	const unsigned hexsz = the_hash_algo->hexsz;
+
+	if (do_reachable_revlist(&cmd, src, reachable) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	while ((i = read_in_full(cmd.out, namebuf, hexsz + 1)) == hexsz + 1) {
+		struct object_id sha1;
+		const char *p;
+
+		if (parse_oid_hex(namebuf, &sha1, &p) || *p != '\n')
+			break;
+
+		o = lookup_object(the_repository, sha1.hash);
+		if (o && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
+			o->flags &= ~TMP_MARK;
+		}
+	}
+	for (i = get_max_object_index(); 0 < i; i--) {
+		o = get_indexed_object(i - 1);
+		if (o && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT &&
+		    (o->flags & TMP_MARK)) {
+			add_object_array(o, NULL, reachable);
+				o->flags &= ~TMP_MARK;
+		}
+	}
+	close(cmd.out);
+
+	if (finish_command(&cmd))
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int has_unreachable(struct object_array *src)
+{
+	struct child_process cmd = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	char buf[1];
+	int i;
+
+	if (do_reachable_revlist(&cmd, src, NULL) < 0)
+		return 1;
+
 	/*
 	 * The commits out of the rev-list are not ancestors of
 	 * our ref.
 	 */
-	i = read_in_full(cmd.out, namebuf, 1);
+	i = read_in_full(cmd.out, buf, 1);
 	if (i)
 		goto error;
 	close(cmd.out);
+	cmd.out = -1;
 
 	/*
 	 * rev-list may have died by encountering a bad commit
@@ -519,64 +620,293 @@ static void check_non_tip(void)
 		goto error;
 
 	/* All the non-tip ones are ancestors of what we advertised */
-	return;
+	return 0;
+
+error:
+	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
+	if (cmd.out >= 0)
+		close(cmd.out);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void check_non_tip(void)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/*
+	 * In the normal in-process case without
+	 * uploadpack.allowReachableSHA1InWant,
+	 * non-tip requests can never happen.
+	 */
+	if (!stateless_rpc && !(allow_unadvertised_object_request & ALLOW_REACHABLE_SHA1))
+		goto error;
+	if (!has_unreachable(&want_obj))
+		/* All the non-tip ones are ancestors of what we advertised */
+		return;
 
 error:
 	/* Pick one of them (we know there at least is one) */
 	for (i = 0; i < want_obj.nr; i++) {
-		o = want_obj.objects[i].item;
+		struct object *o = want_obj.objects[i].item;
 		if (!is_our_ref(o))
 			die("git upload-pack: not our ref %s",
-			    sha1_to_hex(o->sha1));
+			    oid_to_hex(&o->oid));
 	}
 }
 
+static void send_shallow(struct commit_list *result)
+{
+	while (result) {
+		struct object *object = &result->item->object;
+		if (!(object->flags & (CLIENT_SHALLOW|NOT_SHALLOW))) {
+			packet_write_fmt(1, "shallow %s",
+					 oid_to_hex(&object->oid));
+			register_shallow(the_repository, &object->oid);
+			shallow_nr++;
+		}
+		result = result->next;
+	}
+}
+
+static void send_unshallow(const struct object_array *shallows)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < shallows->nr; i++) {
+		struct object *object = shallows->objects[i].item;
+		if (object->flags & NOT_SHALLOW) {
+			struct commit_list *parents;
+			packet_write_fmt(1, "unshallow %s",
+					 oid_to_hex(&object->oid));
+			object->flags &= ~CLIENT_SHALLOW;
+			/*
+			 * We want to _register_ "object" as shallow, but we
+			 * also need to traverse object's parents to deepen a
+			 * shallow clone. Unregister it for now so we can
+			 * parse and add the parents to the want list, then
+			 * re-register it.
+			 */
+			unregister_shallow(&object->oid);
+			object->parsed = 0;
+			parse_commit_or_die((struct commit *)object);
+			parents = ((struct commit *)object)->parents;
+			while (parents) {
+				add_object_array(&parents->item->object,
+						 NULL, &want_obj);
+				parents = parents->next;
+			}
+			add_object_array(object, NULL, &extra_edge_obj);
+		}
+		/* make sure commit traversal conforms to client */
+		register_shallow(the_repository, &object->oid);
+	}
+}
+
+static void deepen(int depth, int deepen_relative,
+		   struct object_array *shallows)
+{
+	if (depth == INFINITE_DEPTH && !is_repository_shallow(the_repository)) {
+		int i;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < shallows->nr; i++) {
+			struct object *object = shallows->objects[i].item;
+			object->flags |= NOT_SHALLOW;
+		}
+	} else if (deepen_relative) {
+		struct object_array reachable_shallows = OBJECT_ARRAY_INIT;
+		struct commit_list *result;
+
+		get_reachable_list(shallows, &reachable_shallows);
+		result = get_shallow_commits(&reachable_shallows,
+					     depth + 1,
+					     SHALLOW, NOT_SHALLOW);
+		send_shallow(result);
+		free_commit_list(result);
+		object_array_clear(&reachable_shallows);
+	} else {
+		struct commit_list *result;
+
+		result = get_shallow_commits(&want_obj, depth,
+					     SHALLOW, NOT_SHALLOW);
+		send_shallow(result);
+		free_commit_list(result);
+	}
+
+	send_unshallow(shallows);
+}
+
+static void deepen_by_rev_list(int ac, const char **av,
+			       struct object_array *shallows)
+{
+	struct commit_list *result;
+
+	result = get_shallow_commits_by_rev_list(ac, av, SHALLOW, NOT_SHALLOW);
+	send_shallow(result);
+	free_commit_list(result);
+	send_unshallow(shallows);
+}
+
+/* Returns 1 if a shallow list is sent or 0 otherwise */
+static int send_shallow_list(int depth, int deepen_rev_list,
+			     timestamp_t deepen_since,
+			     struct string_list *deepen_not,
+			     struct object_array *shallows)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (depth > 0 && deepen_rev_list)
+		die("git upload-pack: deepen and deepen-since (or deepen-not) cannot be used together");
+	if (depth > 0) {
+		deepen(depth, deepen_relative, shallows);
+		ret = 1;
+	} else if (deepen_rev_list) {
+		struct argv_array av = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+		int i;
+
+		argv_array_push(&av, "rev-list");
+		if (deepen_since)
+			argv_array_pushf(&av, "--max-age=%"PRItime, deepen_since);
+		if (deepen_not->nr) {
+			argv_array_push(&av, "--not");
+			for (i = 0; i < deepen_not->nr; i++) {
+				struct string_list_item *s = deepen_not->items + i;
+				argv_array_push(&av, s->string);
+			}
+			argv_array_push(&av, "--not");
+		}
+		for (i = 0; i < want_obj.nr; i++) {
+			struct object *o = want_obj.objects[i].item;
+			argv_array_push(&av, oid_to_hex(&o->oid));
+		}
+		deepen_by_rev_list(av.argc, av.argv, shallows);
+		argv_array_clear(&av);
+		ret = 1;
+	} else {
+		if (shallows->nr > 0) {
+			int i;
+			for (i = 0; i < shallows->nr; i++)
+				register_shallow(the_repository,
+						 &shallows->objects[i].item->oid);
+		}
+	}
+
+	shallow_nr += shallows->nr;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int process_shallow(const char *line, struct object_array *shallows)
+{
+	const char *arg;
+	if (skip_prefix(line, "shallow ", &arg)) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		struct object *object;
+		if (get_oid_hex(arg, &oid))
+			die("invalid shallow line: %s", line);
+		object = parse_object(the_repository, &oid);
+		if (!object)
+			return 1;
+		if (object->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+			die("invalid shallow object %s", oid_to_hex(&oid));
+		if (!(object->flags & CLIENT_SHALLOW)) {
+			object->flags |= CLIENT_SHALLOW;
+			add_object_array(object, NULL, shallows);
+		}
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int process_deepen(const char *line, int *depth)
+{
+	const char *arg;
+	if (skip_prefix(line, "deepen ", &arg)) {
+		char *end = NULL;
+		*depth = (int)strtol(arg, &end, 0);
+		if (!end || *end || *depth <= 0)
+			die("Invalid deepen: %s", line);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int process_deepen_since(const char *line, timestamp_t *deepen_since, int *deepen_rev_list)
+{
+	const char *arg;
+	if (skip_prefix(line, "deepen-since ", &arg)) {
+		char *end = NULL;
+		*deepen_since = parse_timestamp(arg, &end, 0);
+		if (!end || *end || !deepen_since ||
+		    /* revisions.c's max_age -1 is special */
+		    *deepen_since == -1)
+			die("Invalid deepen-since: %s", line);
+		*deepen_rev_list = 1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int process_deepen_not(const char *line, struct string_list *deepen_not, int *deepen_rev_list)
+{
+	const char *arg;
+	if (skip_prefix(line, "deepen-not ", &arg)) {
+		char *ref = NULL;
+		struct object_id oid;
+		if (expand_ref(arg, strlen(arg), &oid, &ref) != 1)
+			die("git upload-pack: ambiguous deepen-not: %s", line);
+		string_list_append(deepen_not, ref);
+		free(ref);
+		*deepen_rev_list = 1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void receive_needs(void)
 {
 	struct object_array shallows = OBJECT_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct string_list deepen_not = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	int depth = 0;
 	int has_non_tip = 0;
+	timestamp_t deepen_since = 0;
+	int deepen_rev_list = 0;
 
 	shallow_nr = 0;
 	for (;;) {
 		struct object *o;
 		const char *features;
-		unsigned char sha1_buf[20];
+		struct object_id oid_buf;
 		char *line = packet_read_line(0, NULL);
+		const char *arg;
+
 		reset_timeout();
 		if (!line)
 			break;
 
-		if (starts_with(line, "shallow ")) {
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
-			struct object *object;
-			if (get_sha1_hex(line + 8, sha1))
-				die("invalid shallow line: %s", line);
-			object = parse_object(sha1);
-			if (!object)
-				continue;
-			if (object->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
-				die("invalid shallow object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-			if (!(object->flags & CLIENT_SHALLOW)) {
-				object->flags |= CLIENT_SHALLOW;
-				add_object_array(object, NULL, &shallows);
-			}
+		if (process_shallow(line, &shallows))
 			continue;
-		}
-		if (starts_with(line, "deepen ")) {
-			char *end;
-			depth = strtol(line + 7, &end, 0);
-			if (end == line + 7 || depth <= 0)
-				die("Invalid deepen: %s", line);
+		if (process_deepen(line, &depth))
+			continue;
+		if (process_deepen_since(line, &deepen_since, &deepen_rev_list))
+			continue;
+		if (process_deepen_not(line, &deepen_not, &deepen_rev_list))
+			continue;
+
+		if (skip_prefix(line, "filter ", &arg)) {
+			if (!filter_capability_requested)
+				die("git upload-pack: filtering capability not negotiated");
+			parse_list_objects_filter(&filter_options, arg);
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (!starts_with(line, "want ") ||
-		    get_sha1_hex(line+5, sha1_buf))
-			die("git upload-pack: protocol error, "
-			    "expected to get sha, not '%s'", line);
 
-		features = line + 45;
+		if (!skip_prefix(line, "want ", &arg) ||
+		    parse_oid_hex(arg, &oid_buf, &features))
+			die("git upload-pack: protocol error, "
+			    "expected to get object ID, not '%s'", line);
 
+		if (parse_feature_request(features, "deepen-relative"))
+			deepen_relative = 1;
 		if (parse_feature_request(features, "multi_ack_detailed"))
 			multi_ack = 2;
 		else if (parse_feature_request(features, "multi_ack"))
@@ -595,14 +925,21 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 			no_progress = 1;
 		if (parse_feature_request(features, "include-tag"))
 			use_include_tag = 1;
-
-		o = parse_object(sha1_buf);
-		if (!o)
+		if (allow_filter && parse_feature_request(features, "filter"))
+			filter_capability_requested = 1;
+
+		o = parse_object(the_repository, &oid_buf);
+		if (!o) {
+			packet_write_fmt(1,
+					 "ERR upload-pack: not our ref %s",
+					 oid_to_hex(&oid_buf));
 			die("git upload-pack: not our ref %s",
-			    sha1_to_hex(sha1_buf));
+			    oid_to_hex(&oid_buf));
+		}
 		if (!(o->flags & WANTED)) {
 			o->flags |= WANTED;
-			if (!is_our_ref(o))
+			if (!((allow_unadvertised_object_request & ALLOW_ANY_SHA1) == ALLOW_ANY_SHA1
+			      || is_our_ref(o)))
 				has_non_tip = 1;
 			add_object_array(o, NULL, &want_obj);
 		}
@@ -621,80 +958,38 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 	if (!use_sideband && daemon_mode)
 		no_progress = 1;
 
-	if (depth == 0 && shallows.nr == 0)
+	if (depth == 0 && !deepen_rev_list && shallows.nr == 0)
 		return;
-	if (depth > 0) {
-		struct commit_list *result = NULL, *backup = NULL;
-		int i;
-		if (depth == INFINITE_DEPTH && !is_repository_shallow())
-			for (i = 0; i < shallows.nr; i++) {
-				struct object *object = shallows.objects[i].item;
-				object->flags |= NOT_SHALLOW;
-			}
-		else
-			backup = result =
-				get_shallow_commits(&want_obj, depth,
-						    SHALLOW, NOT_SHALLOW);
-		while (result) {
-			struct object *object = &result->item->object;
-			if (!(object->flags & (CLIENT_SHALLOW|NOT_SHALLOW))) {
-				packet_write(1, "shallow %s",
-						sha1_to_hex(object->sha1));
-				register_shallow(object->sha1);
-				shallow_nr++;
-			}
-			result = result->next;
-		}
-		free_commit_list(backup);
-		for (i = 0; i < shallows.nr; i++) {
-			struct object *object = shallows.objects[i].item;
-			if (object->flags & NOT_SHALLOW) {
-				struct commit_list *parents;
-				packet_write(1, "unshallow %s",
-					sha1_to_hex(object->sha1));
-				object->flags &= ~CLIENT_SHALLOW;
-				/* make sure the real parents are parsed */
-				unregister_shallow(object->sha1);
-				object->parsed = 0;
-				parse_commit_or_die((struct commit *)object);
-				parents = ((struct commit *)object)->parents;
-				while (parents) {
-					add_object_array(&parents->item->object,
-							NULL, &want_obj);
-					parents = parents->next;
-				}
-				add_object_array(object, NULL, &extra_edge_obj);
-			}
-			/* make sure commit traversal conforms to client */
-			register_shallow(object->sha1);
-		}
-		packet_flush(1);
-	} else
-		if (shallows.nr > 0) {
-			int i;
-			for (i = 0; i < shallows.nr; i++)
-				register_shallow(shallows.objects[i].item->sha1);
-		}
 
-	shallow_nr += shallows.nr;
-	free(shallows.objects);
+	if (send_shallow_list(depth, deepen_rev_list, deepen_since,
+			      &deepen_not, &shallows))
+		packet_flush(1);
+	object_array_clear(&shallows);
 }
 
 /* return non-zero if the ref is hidden, otherwise 0 */
-static int mark_our_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int mark_our_ref(const char *refname, const char *refname_full,
+			const struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	struct object *o = lookup_unknown_object(sha1);
+	struct object *o = lookup_unknown_object(oid->hash);
 
-	if (ref_is_hidden(refname)) {
+	if (ref_is_hidden(refname, refname_full)) {
 		o->flags |= HIDDEN_REF;
 		return 1;
 	}
-	if (!o)
-		die("git upload-pack: cannot find object %s:", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	o->flags |= OUR_REF;
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int check_ref(const char *refname_full, const struct object_id *oid,
+		     int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	const char *refname = strip_namespace(refname_full);
+
+	mark_our_ref(refname, refname_full, oid);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void format_symref_info(struct strbuf *buf, struct string_list *symref)
 {
 	struct string_list_item *item;
@@ -705,48 +1000,52 @@ static void format_symref_info(struct strbuf *buf, struct string_list *symref)
 		strbuf_addf(buf, " symref=%s:%s", item->string, (char *)item->util);
 }
 
-static int send_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int send_ref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+		    int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	static const char *capabilities = "multi_ack thin-pack side-band"
-		" side-band-64k ofs-delta shallow no-progress"
-		" include-tag multi_ack_detailed";
+		" side-band-64k ofs-delta shallow deepen-since deepen-not"
+		" deepen-relative no-progress include-tag multi_ack_detailed";
 	const char *refname_nons = strip_namespace(refname);
-	unsigned char peeled[20];
+	struct object_id peeled;
 
-	if (mark_our_ref(refname, sha1, flag, NULL))
+	if (mark_our_ref(refname_nons, refname, oid))
 		return 0;
 
 	if (capabilities) {
 		struct strbuf symref_info = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 		format_symref_info(&symref_info, cb_data);
-		packet_write(1, "%s %s%c%s%s%s%s agent=%s\n",
-			     sha1_to_hex(sha1), refname_nons,
+		packet_write_fmt(1, "%s %s%c%s%s%s%s%s%s agent=%s\n",
+			     oid_to_hex(oid), refname_nons,
 			     0, capabilities,
-			     allow_tip_sha1_in_want ? " allow-tip-sha1-in-want" : "",
+			     (allow_unadvertised_object_request & ALLOW_TIP_SHA1) ?
+				     " allow-tip-sha1-in-want" : "",
+			     (allow_unadvertised_object_request & ALLOW_REACHABLE_SHA1) ?
+				     " allow-reachable-sha1-in-want" : "",
 			     stateless_rpc ? " no-done" : "",
 			     symref_info.buf,
+			     allow_filter ? " filter" : "",
 			     git_user_agent_sanitized());
 		strbuf_release(&symref_info);
 	} else {
-		packet_write(1, "%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), refname_nons);
+		packet_write_fmt(1, "%s %s\n", oid_to_hex(oid), refname_nons);
 	}
 	capabilities = NULL;
-	if (!peel_ref(refname, peeled))
-		packet_write(1, "%s %s^{}\n", sha1_to_hex(peeled), refname_nons);
+	if (!peel_ref(refname, &peeled))
+		packet_write_fmt(1, "%s %s^{}\n", oid_to_hex(&peeled), refname_nons);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int find_symref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag,
-		       void *cb_data)
+static int find_symref(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
+		       int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	const char *symref_target;
 	struct string_list_item *item;
-	unsigned char unused[20];
 
 	if ((flag & REF_ISSYMREF) == 0)
 		return 0;
-	symref_target = resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, 0, unused, &flag);
+	symref_target = resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, 0, NULL, &flag);
 	if (!symref_target || (flag & REF_ISSYMREF) == 0)
 		die("'%s' is a symref but it is not?", refname);
 	item = string_list_append(cb_data, refname);
@@ -754,24 +1053,62 @@ static int find_symref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void upload_pack(void)
+static int upload_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *unused)
+{
+	if (!strcmp("uploadpack.allowtipsha1inwant", var)) {
+		if (git_config_bool(var, value))
+			allow_unadvertised_object_request |= ALLOW_TIP_SHA1;
+		else
+			allow_unadvertised_object_request &= ~ALLOW_TIP_SHA1;
+	} else if (!strcmp("uploadpack.allowreachablesha1inwant", var)) {
+		if (git_config_bool(var, value))
+			allow_unadvertised_object_request |= ALLOW_REACHABLE_SHA1;
+		else
+			allow_unadvertised_object_request &= ~ALLOW_REACHABLE_SHA1;
+	} else if (!strcmp("uploadpack.allowanysha1inwant", var)) {
+		if (git_config_bool(var, value))
+			allow_unadvertised_object_request |= ALLOW_ANY_SHA1;
+		else
+			allow_unadvertised_object_request &= ~ALLOW_ANY_SHA1;
+	} else if (!strcmp("uploadpack.keepalive", var)) {
+		keepalive = git_config_int(var, value);
+		if (!keepalive)
+			keepalive = -1;
+	} else if (current_config_scope() != CONFIG_SCOPE_REPO) {
+		if (!strcmp("uploadpack.packobjectshook", var))
+			return git_config_string(&pack_objects_hook, var, value);
+	} else if (!strcmp("uploadpack.allowfilter", var)) {
+		allow_filter = git_config_bool(var, value);
+	} else if (!strcmp("uploadpack.allowrefinwant", var)) {
+		allow_ref_in_want = git_config_bool(var, value);
+	}
+	return parse_hide_refs_config(var, value, "uploadpack");
+}
+
+void upload_pack(struct upload_pack_options *options)
 {
 	struct string_list symref = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 
+	stateless_rpc = options->stateless_rpc;
+	timeout = options->timeout;
+	daemon_mode = options->daemon_mode;
+
+	git_config(upload_pack_config, NULL);
+
 	head_ref_namespaced(find_symref, &symref);
 
-	if (advertise_refs || !stateless_rpc) {
+	if (options->advertise_refs || !stateless_rpc) {
 		reset_timeout();
 		head_ref_namespaced(send_ref, &symref);
 		for_each_namespaced_ref(send_ref, &symref);
 		advertise_shallow_grafts(1);
 		packet_flush(1);
 	} else {
-		head_ref_namespaced(mark_our_ref, NULL);
-		for_each_namespaced_ref(mark_our_ref, NULL);
+		head_ref_namespaced(check_ref, NULL);
+		for_each_namespaced_ref(check_ref, NULL);
 	}
 	string_list_clear(&symref, 1);
-	if (advertise_refs)
+	if (options->advertise_refs)
 		return;
 
 	receive_needs();
@@ -781,69 +1118,402 @@ static void upload_pack(void)
 	}
 }
 
-static int upload_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *unused)
+struct upload_pack_data {
+	struct object_array wants;
+	struct string_list wanted_refs;
+	struct oid_array haves;
+
+	struct object_array shallows;
+	struct string_list deepen_not;
+	int depth;
+	timestamp_t deepen_since;
+	int deepen_rev_list;
+	int deepen_relative;
+
+	unsigned stateless_rpc : 1;
+
+	unsigned use_thin_pack : 1;
+	unsigned use_ofs_delta : 1;
+	unsigned no_progress : 1;
+	unsigned use_include_tag : 1;
+	unsigned done : 1;
+};
+
+static void upload_pack_data_init(struct upload_pack_data *data)
 {
-	if (!strcmp("uploadpack.allowtipsha1inwant", var))
-		allow_tip_sha1_in_want = git_config_bool(var, value);
-	else if (!strcmp("uploadpack.keepalive", var)) {
-		keepalive = git_config_int(var, value);
-		if (!keepalive)
-			keepalive = -1;
+	struct object_array wants = OBJECT_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct string_list wanted_refs = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct oid_array haves = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct object_array shallows = OBJECT_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct string_list deepen_not = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+
+	memset(data, 0, sizeof(*data));
+	data->wants = wants;
+	data->wanted_refs = wanted_refs;
+	data->haves = haves;
+	data->shallows = shallows;
+	data->deepen_not = deepen_not;
+}
+
+static void upload_pack_data_clear(struct upload_pack_data *data)
+{
+	object_array_clear(&data->wants);
+	string_list_clear(&data->wanted_refs, 1);
+	oid_array_clear(&data->haves);
+	object_array_clear(&data->shallows);
+	string_list_clear(&data->deepen_not, 0);
+}
+
+static int parse_want(const char *line)
+{
+	const char *arg;
+	if (skip_prefix(line, "want ", &arg)) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		struct object *o;
+
+		if (get_oid_hex(arg, &oid))
+			die("git upload-pack: protocol error, "
+			    "expected to get oid, not '%s'", line);
+
+		o = parse_object(the_repository, &oid);
+		if (!o) {
+			packet_write_fmt(1,
+					 "ERR upload-pack: not our ref %s",
+					 oid_to_hex(&oid));
+			die("git upload-pack: not our ref %s",
+			    oid_to_hex(&oid));
+		}
+
+		if (!(o->flags & WANTED)) {
+			o->flags |= WANTED;
+			add_object_array(o, NULL, &want_obj);
+		}
+
+		return 1;
 	}
-	return parse_hide_refs_config(var, value, "uploadpack");
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+static int parse_want_ref(const char *line, struct string_list *wanted_refs)
 {
-	char *dir;
-	int i;
-	int strict = 0;
+	const char *arg;
+	if (skip_prefix(line, "want-ref ", &arg)) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+		struct object *o;
+
+		if (read_ref(arg, &oid)) {
+			packet_write_fmt(1, "ERR unknown ref %s", arg);
+			die("unknown ref %s", arg);
+		}
 
-	git_setup_gettext();
+		item = string_list_append(wanted_refs, arg);
+		item->util = oiddup(&oid);
 
-	packet_trace_identity("upload-pack");
-	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
-	check_replace_refs = 0;
+		o = parse_object_or_die(&oid, arg);
+		if (!(o->flags & WANTED)) {
+			o->flags |= WANTED;
+			add_object_array(o, NULL, &want_obj);
+		}
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		char *arg = argv[i];
+		return 1;
+	}
 
-		if (arg[0] != '-')
-			break;
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--advertise-refs")) {
-			advertise_refs = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int parse_have(const char *line, struct oid_array *haves)
+{
+	const char *arg;
+	if (skip_prefix(line, "have ", &arg)) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+
+		if (get_oid_hex(arg, &oid))
+			die("git upload-pack: expected SHA1 object, got '%s'", arg);
+		oid_array_append(haves, &oid);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void process_args(struct packet_reader *request,
+			 struct upload_pack_data *data)
+{
+	while (packet_reader_read(request) != PACKET_READ_FLUSH) {
+		const char *arg = request->line;
+		const char *p;
+
+		/* process want */
+		if (parse_want(arg))
+			continue;
+		if (allow_ref_in_want && parse_want_ref(arg, &data->wanted_refs))
+			continue;
+		/* process have line */
+		if (parse_have(arg, &data->haves))
+			continue;
+
+		/* process args like thin-pack */
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "thin-pack")) {
+			use_thin_pack = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "ofs-delta")) {
+			use_ofs_delta = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--stateless-rpc")) {
-			stateless_rpc = 1;
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "no-progress")) {
+			no_progress = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--strict")) {
-			strict = 1;
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "include-tag")) {
+			use_include_tag = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (starts_with(arg, "--timeout=")) {
-			timeout = atoi(arg+10);
-			daemon_mode = 1;
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "done")) {
+			data->done = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
-			i++;
-			break;
+
+		/* Shallow related arguments */
+		if (process_shallow(arg, &data->shallows))
+			continue;
+		if (process_deepen(arg, &data->depth))
+			continue;
+		if (process_deepen_since(arg, &data->deepen_since,
+					 &data->deepen_rev_list))
+			continue;
+		if (process_deepen_not(arg, &data->deepen_not,
+				       &data->deepen_rev_list))
+			continue;
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "deepen-relative")) {
+			data->deepen_relative = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (allow_filter && skip_prefix(arg, "filter ", &p)) {
+			parse_list_objects_filter(&filter_options, p);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* ignore unknown lines maybe? */
+		die("unexpected line: '%s'", arg);
+	}
+}
+
+static int process_haves(struct oid_array *haves, struct oid_array *common)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/* Process haves */
+	for (i = 0; i < haves->nr; i++) {
+		const struct object_id *oid = &haves->oid[i];
+		struct object *o;
+		int we_knew_they_have = 0;
+
+		if (!has_object_file(oid))
+			continue;
+
+		oid_array_append(common, oid);
+
+		o = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
+		if (!o)
+			die("oops (%s)", oid_to_hex(oid));
+		if (o->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
+			struct commit_list *parents;
+			struct commit *commit = (struct commit *)o;
+			if (o->flags & THEY_HAVE)
+				we_knew_they_have = 1;
+			else
+				o->flags |= THEY_HAVE;
+			if (!oldest_have || (commit->date < oldest_have))
+				oldest_have = commit->date;
+			for (parents = commit->parents;
+			     parents;
+			     parents = parents->next)
+				parents->item->object.flags |= THEY_HAVE;
 		}
+		if (!we_knew_they_have)
+			add_object_array(o, NULL, &have_obj);
 	}
 
-	if (i != argc-1)
-		usage(upload_pack_usage);
+	return 0;
+}
 
-	setup_path();
+static int send_acks(struct oid_array *acks, struct strbuf *response)
+{
+	int i;
 
-	dir = argv[i];
+	packet_buf_write(response, "acknowledgments\n");
 
-	if (!enter_repo(dir, strict))
-		die("'%s' does not appear to be a git repository", dir);
+	/* Send Acks */
+	if (!acks->nr)
+		packet_buf_write(response, "NAK\n");
+
+	for (i = 0; i < acks->nr; i++) {
+		packet_buf_write(response, "ACK %s\n",
+				 oid_to_hex(&acks->oid[i]));
+	}
+
+	if (ok_to_give_up()) {
+		/* Send Ready */
+		packet_buf_write(response, "ready\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int process_haves_and_send_acks(struct upload_pack_data *data)
+{
+	struct oid_array common = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct strbuf response = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	process_haves(&data->haves, &common);
+	if (data->done) {
+		ret = 1;
+	} else if (send_acks(&common, &response)) {
+		packet_buf_delim(&response);
+		ret = 1;
+	} else {
+		/* Add Flush */
+		packet_buf_flush(&response);
+		ret = 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Send response */
+	write_or_die(1, response.buf, response.len);
+	strbuf_release(&response);
+
+	oid_array_clear(&data->haves);
+	oid_array_clear(&common);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void send_wanted_ref_info(struct upload_pack_data *data)
+{
+	const struct string_list_item *item;
+
+	if (!data->wanted_refs.nr)
+		return;
+
+	packet_write_fmt(1, "wanted-refs\n");
+
+	for_each_string_list_item(item, &data->wanted_refs) {
+		packet_write_fmt(1, "%s %s\n",
+				 oid_to_hex(item->util),
+				 item->string);
+	}
+
+	packet_delim(1);
+}
+
+static void send_shallow_info(struct upload_pack_data *data)
+{
+	/* No shallow info needs to be sent */
+	if (!data->depth && !data->deepen_rev_list && !data->shallows.nr &&
+	    !is_repository_shallow(the_repository))
+		return;
+
+	packet_write_fmt(1, "shallow-info\n");
+
+	if (!send_shallow_list(data->depth, data->deepen_rev_list,
+			       data->deepen_since, &data->deepen_not,
+			       &data->shallows) &&
+	    is_repository_shallow(the_repository))
+		deepen(INFINITE_DEPTH, data->deepen_relative, &data->shallows);
+
+	packet_delim(1);
+}
+
+enum fetch_state {
+	FETCH_PROCESS_ARGS = 0,
+	FETCH_SEND_ACKS,
+	FETCH_SEND_PACK,
+	FETCH_DONE,
+};
+
+int upload_pack_v2(struct repository *r, struct argv_array *keys,
+		   struct packet_reader *request)
+{
+	enum fetch_state state = FETCH_PROCESS_ARGS;
+	struct upload_pack_data data;
 
 	git_config(upload_pack_config, NULL);
-	upload_pack();
+
+	upload_pack_data_init(&data);
+	use_sideband = LARGE_PACKET_MAX;
+
+	while (state != FETCH_DONE) {
+		switch (state) {
+		case FETCH_PROCESS_ARGS:
+			process_args(request, &data);
+
+			if (!want_obj.nr) {
+				/*
+				 * Request didn't contain any 'want' lines,
+				 * guess they didn't want anything.
+				 */
+				state = FETCH_DONE;
+			} else if (data.haves.nr) {
+				/*
+				 * Request had 'have' lines, so lets ACK them.
+				 */
+				state = FETCH_SEND_ACKS;
+			} else {
+				/*
+				 * Request had 'want's but no 'have's so we can
+				 * immedietly go to construct and send a pack.
+				 */
+				state = FETCH_SEND_PACK;
+			}
+			break;
+		case FETCH_SEND_ACKS:
+			if (process_haves_and_send_acks(&data))
+				state = FETCH_SEND_PACK;
+			else
+				state = FETCH_DONE;
+			break;
+		case FETCH_SEND_PACK:
+			send_wanted_ref_info(&data);
+			send_shallow_info(&data);
+
+			packet_write_fmt(1, "packfile\n");
+			create_pack_file();
+			state = FETCH_DONE;
+			break;
+		case FETCH_DONE:
+			continue;
+		}
+	}
+
+	upload_pack_data_clear(&data);
 	return 0;
 }
+
+int upload_pack_advertise(struct repository *r,
+			  struct strbuf *value)
+{
+	if (value) {
+		int allow_filter_value;
+		int allow_ref_in_want;
+
+		strbuf_addstr(value, "shallow");
+
+		if (!repo_config_get_bool(the_repository,
+					 "uploadpack.allowfilter",
+					 &allow_filter_value) &&
+		    allow_filter_value)
+			strbuf_addstr(value, " filter");
+
+		if (!repo_config_get_bool(the_repository,
+					 "uploadpack.allowrefinwant",
+					 &allow_ref_in_want) &&
+		    allow_ref_in_want)
+			strbuf_addstr(value, " ref-in-want");
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
diff --git a/upload-pack.h b/upload-pack.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cab2178796
--- /dev/null
+++ b/upload-pack.h
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#ifndef UPLOAD_PACK_H
+#define UPLOAD_PACK_H
+
+struct upload_pack_options {
+	int stateless_rpc;
+	int advertise_refs;
+	unsigned int timeout;
+	int daemon_mode;
+};
+
+void upload_pack(struct upload_pack_options *options);
+
+struct repository;
+struct argv_array;
+struct packet_reader;
+extern int upload_pack_v2(struct repository *r, struct argv_array *keys,
+			  struct packet_reader *request);
+
+struct strbuf;
+extern int upload_pack_advertise(struct repository *r,
+				 struct strbuf *value);
+
+#endif /* UPLOAD_PACK_H */
diff --git a/url.c b/url.c
index 7ca2a69e10..eaf4f07081 100644
--- a/url.c
+++ b/url.c
@@ -29,25 +29,6 @@ int is_url(const char *url)
 	return (url[0] == ':' && url[1] == '/' && url[2] == '/');
 }
 
-static int url_decode_char(const char *q)
-{
-	int i;
-	unsigned char val = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-		unsigned char c = *q++;
-		val <<= 4;
-		if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
-			val += c - '0';
-		else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
-			val += c - 'a' + 10;
-		else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
-			val += c - 'A' + 10;
-		else
-			return -1;
-	}
-	return val;
-}
-
 static char *url_decode_internal(const char **query, int len,
 				 const char *stop_at, struct strbuf *out,
 				 int decode_plus)
@@ -66,7 +47,7 @@ static char *url_decode_internal(const char **query, int len,
 		}
 
 		if (c == '%') {
-			int val = url_decode_char(q + 1);
+			int val = hex2chr(q + 1);
 			if (0 <= val) {
 				strbuf_addch(out, val);
 				q += 3;
@@ -120,8 +101,7 @@ char *url_decode_parameter_value(const char **query)
 void end_url_with_slash(struct strbuf *buf, const char *url)
 {
 	strbuf_addstr(buf, url);
-	if (buf->len && buf->buf[buf->len - 1] != '/')
-		strbuf_addch(buf, '/');
+	strbuf_complete(buf, '/');
 }
 
 void str_end_url_with_slash(const char *url, char **dest) {
diff --git a/url.h b/url.h
index abdaf6fa30..f311c40a46 100644
--- a/url.h
+++ b/url.h
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef URL_H
 #define URL_H
 
+struct strbuf;
+
 extern int is_url(const char *url);
 extern int is_urlschemechar(int first_flag, int ch);
 extern char *url_decode(const char *url);
diff --git a/urlmatch.c b/urlmatch.c
index 132d342bc1..3e42bd7504 100644
--- a/urlmatch.c
+++ b/urlmatch.c
@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ static int append_normalized_escapes(struct strbuf *buf,
 
 		from_len--;
 		if (ch == '%') {
-			if (from_len < 2 ||
-			    !isxdigit(from[0]) ||
-			    !isxdigit(from[1]))
+			if (from_len < 2)
 				return 0;
-			ch = hexval(*from++) << 4;
-			ch |= hexval(*from++);
+			ch = hex2chr(from);
+			if (ch < 0)
+				return 0;
+			from += 2;
 			from_len -= 2;
 			was_esc = 1;
 		}
@@ -63,7 +63,50 @@ static int append_normalized_escapes(struct strbuf *buf,
 	return 1;
 }
 
-char *url_normalize(const char *url, struct url_info *out_info)
+static const char *end_of_token(const char *s, int c, size_t n)
+{
+	const char *next = memchr(s, c, n);
+	if (!next)
+		next = s + n;
+	return next;
+}
+
+static int match_host(const struct url_info *url_info,
+		      const struct url_info *pattern_info)
+{
+	const char *url = url_info->url + url_info->host_off;
+	const char *pat = pattern_info->url + pattern_info->host_off;
+	int url_len = url_info->host_len;
+	int pat_len = pattern_info->host_len;
+
+	while (url_len && pat_len) {
+		const char *url_next = end_of_token(url, '.', url_len);
+		const char *pat_next = end_of_token(pat, '.', pat_len);
+
+		if (pat_next == pat + 1 && pat[0] == '*')
+			/* wildcard matches anything */
+			;
+		else if ((pat_next - pat) == (url_next - url) &&
+			 !memcmp(url, pat, url_next - url))
+			/* the components are the same */
+			;
+		else
+			return 0; /* found an unmatch */
+
+		if (url_next < url + url_len)
+			url_next++;
+		url_len -= url_next - url;
+		url = url_next;
+		if (pat_next < pat + pat_len)
+			pat_next++;
+		pat_len -= pat_next - pat;
+		pat = pat_next;
+	}
+
+	return (!url_len && !pat_len);
+}
+
+static char *url_normalize_1(const char *url, struct url_info *out_info, char allow_globs)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Normalize NUL-terminated url using the following rules:
@@ -104,7 +147,7 @@ char *url_normalize(const char *url, struct url_info *out_info)
 	struct strbuf norm;
 	size_t spanned;
 	size_t scheme_len, user_off=0, user_len=0, passwd_off=0, passwd_len=0;
-	size_t host_off=0, host_len=0, port_len=0, path_off, path_len, result_len;
+	size_t host_off=0, host_len=0, port_off=0, port_len=0, path_off, path_len, result_len;
 	const char *slash_ptr, *at_ptr, *colon_ptr, *path_start;
 	char *result;
 
@@ -191,7 +234,12 @@ char *url_normalize(const char *url, struct url_info *out_info)
 		strbuf_release(&norm);
 		return NULL;
 	}
-	spanned = strspn(url, URL_HOST_CHARS);
+
+	if (allow_globs)
+		spanned = strspn(url, URL_HOST_CHARS "*");
+	else
+		spanned = strspn(url, URL_HOST_CHARS);
+
 	if (spanned < colon_ptr - url) {
 		/* Host name has invalid characters */
 		if (out_info) {
@@ -258,6 +306,7 @@ char *url_normalize(const char *url, struct url_info *out_info)
 				return NULL;
 			}
 			strbuf_addch(&norm, ':');
+			port_off = norm.len;
 			strbuf_add(&norm, url, slash_ptr - url);
 			port_len = slash_ptr - url;
 		}
@@ -265,7 +314,7 @@ char *url_normalize(const char *url, struct url_info *out_info)
 		url = slash_ptr;
 	}
 	if (host_off)
-		host_len = norm.len - host_off;
+		host_len = norm.len - host_off - (port_len ? port_len + 1 : 0);
 
 
 	/*
@@ -373,6 +422,7 @@ char *url_normalize(const char *url, struct url_info *out_info)
 		out_info->passwd_len = passwd_len;
 		out_info->host_off = host_off;
 		out_info->host_len = host_len;
+		out_info->port_off = port_off;
 		out_info->port_len = port_len;
 		out_info->path_off = path_off;
 		out_info->path_len = path_len;
@@ -380,6 +430,11 @@ char *url_normalize(const char *url, struct url_info *out_info)
 	return result;
 }
 
+char *url_normalize(const char *url, struct url_info *out_info)
+{
+	return url_normalize_1(url, out_info, 0);
+}
+
 static size_t url_match_prefix(const char *url,
 			       const char *url_prefix,
 			       size_t url_prefix_len)
@@ -414,7 +469,7 @@ static size_t url_match_prefix(const char *url,
 
 static int match_urls(const struct url_info *url,
 		      const struct url_info *url_prefix,
-		      int *exactusermatch)
+		      struct urlmatch_item *match)
 {
 	/*
 	 * url_prefix matches url if the scheme, host and port of url_prefix
@@ -433,8 +488,8 @@ static int match_urls(const struct url_info *url,
 	 * contained a user name or false if url_prefix did not have a
 	 * user name.  If there is no match *exactusermatch is left untouched.
 	 */
-	int usermatched = 0;
-	int pathmatchlen;
+	char usermatched = 0;
+	size_t pathmatchlen;
 
 	if (!url || !url_prefix || !url->url || !url_prefix->url)
 		return 0;
@@ -454,33 +509,53 @@ static int match_urls(const struct url_info *url,
 		usermatched = 1;
 	}
 
-	/* check the host and port */
-	if (url_prefix->host_len != url->host_len ||
-	    strncmp(url->url + url->host_off,
-		    url_prefix->url + url_prefix->host_off, url->host_len))
-		return 0; /* host names and/or ports do not match */
+	/* check the host */
+	if (!match_host(url, url_prefix))
+		return 0; /* host names do not match */
+
+	/* check the port */
+	if (url_prefix->port_len != url->port_len ||
+	    strncmp(url->url + url->port_off,
+		    url_prefix->url + url_prefix->port_off, url->port_len))
+		return 0; /* ports do not match */
 
 	/* check the path */
 	pathmatchlen = url_match_prefix(
 		url->url + url->path_off,
 		url_prefix->url + url_prefix->path_off,
 		url_prefix->url_len - url_prefix->path_off);
+	if (!pathmatchlen)
+		return 0; /* paths do not match */
 
-	if (pathmatchlen && exactusermatch)
-		*exactusermatch = usermatched;
-	return pathmatchlen;
+	if (match) {
+		match->hostmatch_len = url_prefix->host_len;
+		match->pathmatch_len = pathmatchlen;
+		match->user_matched = usermatched;
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int cmp_matches(const struct urlmatch_item *a,
+		       const struct urlmatch_item *b)
+{
+	if (a->hostmatch_len != b->hostmatch_len)
+		return a->hostmatch_len < b->hostmatch_len ? -1 : 1;
+	if (a->pathmatch_len != b->pathmatch_len)
+		return a->pathmatch_len < b->pathmatch_len ? -1 : 1;
+	if (a->user_matched != b->user_matched)
+		return b->user_matched ? -1 : 1;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int urlmatch_config_entry(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	struct string_list_item *item;
 	struct urlmatch_config *collect = cb;
-	struct urlmatch_item *matched;
+	struct urlmatch_item matched = {0};
 	struct url_info *url = &collect->url;
 	const char *key, *dot;
 	struct strbuf synthkey = STRBUF_INIT;
-	size_t matched_len = 0;
-	int user_matched = 0;
 	int retval;
 
 	if (!skip_prefix(var, collect->section, &key) || *(key++) != '.') {
@@ -494,13 +569,13 @@ int urlmatch_config_entry(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		struct url_info norm_info;
 
 		config_url = xmemdupz(key, dot - key);
-		norm_url = url_normalize(config_url, &norm_info);
+		norm_url = url_normalize_1(config_url, &norm_info, 1);
 		free(config_url);
 		if (!norm_url)
 			return 0;
-		matched_len = match_urls(url, &norm_info, &user_matched);
+		retval = match_urls(url, &norm_info, &matched);
 		free(norm_url);
-		if (!matched_len)
+		if (!retval)
 			return 0;
 		key = dot + 1;
 	}
@@ -510,24 +585,18 @@ int urlmatch_config_entry(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 
 	item = string_list_insert(&collect->vars, key);
 	if (!item->util) {
-		matched = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*matched));
-		item->util = matched;
+		item->util = xcalloc(1, sizeof(matched));
 	} else {
-		matched = item->util;
-		/*
-		 * Is our match shorter?  Is our match the same
-		 * length, and without user while the current
-		 * candidate is with user?  Then we cannot use it.
-		 */
-		if (matched_len < matched->matched_len ||
-		    ((matched_len == matched->matched_len) &&
-		     (!user_matched && matched->user_matched)))
+		if (cmp_matches(&matched, item->util) < 0)
+			 /*
+			  * Our match is worse than the old one,
+			  * we cannot use it.
+			  */
 			return 0;
 		/* Otherwise, replace it with this one. */
 	}
 
-	matched->matched_len = matched_len;
-	matched->user_matched = user_matched;
+	memcpy(item->util, &matched, sizeof(matched));
 	strbuf_addstr(&synthkey, collect->section);
 	strbuf_addch(&synthkey, '.');
 	strbuf_addstr(&synthkey, key);
diff --git a/urlmatch.h b/urlmatch.h
index 528862adc5..e482148248 100644
--- a/urlmatch.h
+++ b/urlmatch.h
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef URL_MATCH_H
+#define URL_MATCH_H
+
 #include "string-list.h"
 
 struct url_info {
@@ -18,11 +20,12 @@ struct url_info {
 	size_t passwd_len;	/* length of passwd; if passwd_off != 0 but
 				   passwd_len == 0, an empty passwd was given */
 	size_t host_off;	/* offset into url to start of host name (0 => none) */
-	size_t host_len;	/* length of host name; this INCLUDES any ':portnum';
+	size_t host_len;	/* length of host name;
 				 * file urls may have host_len == 0 */
-	size_t port_len;	/* if a portnum is present (port_len != 0), it has
-				 * this length (excluding the leading ':') at the
-				 * end of the host name (always 0 for file urls) */
+	size_t port_off;	/* offset into url to start of port number (0 => none) */
+	size_t port_len;	/* if a portnum is present (port_off != 0), it has
+				 * this length (excluding the leading ':') starting
+				 * from port_off (always 0 for file urls) */
 	size_t path_off;	/* offset into url to the start of the url path;
 				 * this will always point to a '/' character
 				 * after the url has been normalized */
@@ -33,7 +36,8 @@ struct url_info {
 extern char *url_normalize(const char *, struct url_info *);
 
 struct urlmatch_item {
-	size_t matched_len;
+	size_t hostmatch_len;
+	size_t pathmatch_len;
 	char user_matched;
 };
 
diff --git a/usage.c b/usage.c
index ed146453ca..cc803336bd 100644
--- a/usage.c
+++ b/usage.c
@@ -9,22 +9,16 @@
 void vreportf(const char *prefix, const char *err, va_list params)
 {
 	char msg[4096];
+	char *p;
+
 	vsnprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), err, params);
+	for (p = msg; *p; p++) {
+		if (iscntrl(*p) && *p != '\t' && *p != '\n')
+			*p = '?';
+	}
 	fprintf(stderr, "%s%s\n", prefix, msg);
 }
 
-void vwritef(int fd, const char *prefix, const char *err, va_list params)
-{
-	char msg[4096];
-	int len = vsnprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), err, params);
-	if (len > sizeof(msg))
-		len = sizeof(msg);
-
-	write_in_full(fd, prefix, strlen(prefix));
-	write_in_full(fd, msg, len);
-	write_in_full(fd, "\n", 1);
-}
-
 static NORETURN void usage_builtin(const char *err, va_list params)
 {
 	vreportf("usage: ", err, params);
@@ -50,7 +44,23 @@ static void warn_builtin(const char *warn, va_list params)
 static int die_is_recursing_builtin(void)
 {
 	static int dying;
-	return dying++;
+	/*
+	 * Just an arbitrary number X where "a < x < b" where "a" is
+	 * "maximum number of pthreads we'll ever plausibly spawn" and
+	 * "b" is "something less than Inf", since the point is to
+	 * prevent infinite recursion.
+	 */
+	static const int recursion_limit = 1024;
+
+	dying++;
+	if (dying > recursion_limit) {
+		return 1;
+	} else if (dying == 2) {
+		warning("die() called many times. Recursion error or racy threaded death!");
+		return 0;
+	} else {
+		return 0;
+	}
 }
 
 /* If we are in a dlopen()ed .so write to a global variable would segfault
@@ -71,6 +81,21 @@ void set_error_routine(void (*routine)(const char *err, va_list params))
 	error_routine = routine;
 }
 
+void (*get_error_routine(void))(const char *err, va_list params)
+{
+	return error_routine;
+}
+
+void set_warn_routine(void (*routine)(const char *warn, va_list params))
+{
+	warn_routine = routine;
+}
+
+void (*get_warn_routine(void))(const char *warn, va_list params)
+{
+	return warn_routine;
+}
+
 void set_die_is_recursing_routine(int (*routine)(void))
 {
 	die_is_recursing = routine;
@@ -104,19 +129,11 @@ void NORETURN die(const char *err, ...)
 	va_end(params);
 }
 
-void NORETURN die_errno(const char *fmt, ...)
+static const char *fmt_with_err(char *buf, int n, const char *fmt)
 {
-	va_list params;
-	char fmt_with_err[1024];
 	char str_error[256], *err;
 	int i, j;
 
-	if (die_is_recursing()) {
-		fputs("fatal: recursion detected in die_errno handler\n",
-			stderr);
-		exit(128);
-	}
-
 	err = strerror(errno);
 	for (i = j = 0; err[i] && j < sizeof(str_error) - 1; ) {
 		if ((str_error[j++] = err[i++]) != '%')
@@ -131,13 +148,39 @@ void NORETURN die_errno(const char *fmt, ...)
 		}
 	}
 	str_error[j] = 0;
-	snprintf(fmt_with_err, sizeof(fmt_with_err), "%s: %s", fmt, str_error);
+	/* Truncation is acceptable here */
+	snprintf(buf, n, "%s: %s", fmt, str_error);
+	return buf;
+}
+
+void NORETURN die_errno(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	char buf[1024];
+	va_list params;
+
+	if (die_is_recursing()) {
+		fputs("fatal: recursion detected in die_errno handler\n",
+			stderr);
+		exit(128);
+	}
 
 	va_start(params, fmt);
-	die_routine(fmt_with_err, params);
+	die_routine(fmt_with_err(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt), params);
 	va_end(params);
 }
 
+#undef error_errno
+int error_errno(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	char buf[1024];
+	va_list params;
+
+	va_start(params, fmt);
+	error_routine(fmt_with_err(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt), params);
+	va_end(params);
+	return -1;
+}
+
 #undef error
 int error(const char *err, ...)
 {
@@ -149,6 +192,16 @@ int error(const char *err, ...)
 	return -1;
 }
 
+void warning_errno(const char *warn, ...)
+{
+	char buf[1024];
+	va_list params;
+
+	va_start(params, warn);
+	warn_routine(fmt_with_err(buf, sizeof(buf), warn), params);
+	va_end(params);
+}
+
 void warning(const char *warn, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
@@ -157,3 +210,55 @@ void warning(const char *warn, ...)
 	warn_routine(warn, params);
 	va_end(params);
 }
+
+/* Only set this, ever, from t/helper/, when verifying that bugs are caught. */
+int BUG_exit_code;
+
+static NORETURN void BUG_vfl(const char *file, int line, const char *fmt, va_list params)
+{
+	char prefix[256];
+
+	/* truncation via snprintf is OK here */
+	if (file)
+		snprintf(prefix, sizeof(prefix), "BUG: %s:%d: ", file, line);
+	else
+		snprintf(prefix, sizeof(prefix), "BUG: ");
+
+	vreportf(prefix, fmt, params);
+	if (BUG_exit_code)
+		exit(BUG_exit_code);
+	abort();
+}
+
+#ifdef HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS
+NORETURN void BUG_fl(const char *file, int line, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	BUG_vfl(file, line, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+#else
+NORETURN void BUG(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	BUG_vfl(NULL, 0, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SUPPRESS_ANNOTATED_LEAKS
+void unleak_memory(const void *ptr, size_t len)
+{
+	static struct suppressed_leak_root {
+		struct suppressed_leak_root *next;
+		char data[FLEX_ARRAY];
+	} *suppressed_leaks;
+	struct suppressed_leak_root *root;
+
+	FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(root, data, ptr, len);
+	root->next = suppressed_leaks;
+	suppressed_leaks = root;
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/userdiff.c b/userdiff.c
index 2ccbee50cb..f3f4be579c 100644
--- a/userdiff.c
+++ b/userdiff.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 #include "userdiff.h"
 #include "attr.h"
 
@@ -35,7 +36,18 @@ IPATTERN("fortran",
 	  * they would have been matched above as a variable anyway. */
 	 "|[-+]?[0-9.]+([AaIiDdEeFfLlTtXx][Ss]?[-+]?[0-9.]*)?(_[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9_]*)?"
 	 "|//|\\*\\*|::|[/<>=]="),
-PATTERNS("html", "^[ \t]*(<[Hh][1-6][ \t].*>.*)$",
+IPATTERN("fountain", "^((\\.[^.]|(int|ext|est|int\\.?/ext|i/e)[. ]).*)$",
+	 "[^ \t-]+"),
+PATTERNS("golang",
+	 /* Functions */
+	 "^[ \t]*(func[ \t]*.*(\\{[ \t]*)?)\n"
+	 /* Structs and interfaces */
+	 "^[ \t]*(type[ \t].*(struct|interface)[ \t]*(\\{[ \t]*)?)",
+	 /* -- */
+	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
+	 "|[-+0-9.eE]+i?|0[xX]?[0-9a-fA-F]+i?"
+	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!:]=|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>=?|&\\^=?|&&|\\|\\||<-|\\.{3}"),
+PATTERNS("html", "^[ \t]*(<[Hh][1-6]([ \t].*)?>.*)$",
 	 "[^<>= \t]+"),
 PATTERNS("java",
 	 "!^[ \t]*(catch|do|for|if|instanceof|new|return|switch|throw|while)\n"
@@ -102,7 +114,7 @@ PATTERNS("perl",
 	 "|<<|<>|<=>|>>"),
 PATTERNS("php",
 	 "^[\t ]*(((public|protected|private|static)[\t ]+)*function.*)$\n"
-	 "^[\t ]*(class.*)$",
+	 "^[\t ]*((((final|abstract)[\t ]+)?class|interface|trait).*)$",
 	 /* -- */
 	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
 	 "|[-+0-9.e]+|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+"
@@ -135,7 +147,7 @@ PATTERNS("csharp",
 	 /* Keywords */
 	 "!^[ \t]*(do|while|for|if|else|instanceof|new|return|switch|case|throw|catch|using)\n"
 	 /* Methods and constructors */
-	 "^[ \t]*(((static|public|internal|private|protected|new|virtual|sealed|override|unsafe)[ \t]+)*[][<>@.~_[:alnum:]]+[ \t]+[<>@._[:alnum:]]+[ \t]*\\(.*\\))[ \t]*$\n"
+	 "^[ \t]*(((static|public|internal|private|protected|new|virtual|sealed|override|unsafe|async)[ \t]+)*[][<>@.~_[:alnum:]]+[ \t]+[<>@._[:alnum:]]+[ \t]*\\(.*\\))[ \t]*$\n"
 	 /* Properties */
 	 "^[ \t]*(((static|public|internal|private|protected|new|virtual|sealed|override|unsafe)[ \t]+)*[][<>@.~_[:alnum:]]+[ \t]+[@._[:alnum:]]+)[ \t]*$\n"
 	 /* Type definitions */
@@ -146,6 +158,18 @@ PATTERNS("csharp",
 	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
 	 "|[-+0-9.e]+[fFlL]?|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+[lL]?"
 	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>=?|&&|\\|\\||::|->"),
+IPATTERN("css",
+	 "![:;][[:space:]]*$\n"
+	 "^[_a-z0-9].*$",
+	 /* -- */
+	 /*
+	  * This regex comes from W3C CSS specs. Should theoretically also
+	  * allow ISO 10646 characters U+00A0 and higher,
+	  * but they are not handled in this regex.
+	  */
+	 "-?[_a-zA-Z][-_a-zA-Z0-9]*" /* identifiers */
+	 "|-?[0-9]+|\\#[0-9a-fA-F]+" /* numbers */
+),
 { "default", NULL, -1, { NULL, 0 } },
 };
 #undef PATTERNS
@@ -248,25 +272,22 @@ struct userdiff_driver *userdiff_find_by_name(const char *name) {
 
 struct userdiff_driver *userdiff_find_by_path(const char *path)
 {
-	static struct git_attr *attr;
-	struct git_attr_check check;
-
-	if (!attr)
-		attr = git_attr("diff");
-	check.attr = attr;
+	static struct attr_check *check;
 
+	if (!check)
+		check = attr_check_initl("diff", NULL);
 	if (!path)
 		return NULL;
-	if (git_check_attr(path, 1, &check))
+	if (git_check_attr(&the_index, path, check))
 		return NULL;
 
-	if (ATTR_TRUE(check.value))
+	if (ATTR_TRUE(check->items[0].value))
 		return &driver_true;
-	if (ATTR_FALSE(check.value))
+	if (ATTR_FALSE(check->items[0].value))
 		return &driver_false;
-	if (ATTR_UNSET(check.value))
+	if (ATTR_UNSET(check->items[0].value))
 		return NULL;
-	return userdiff_find_by_name(check.value);
+	return userdiff_find_by_name(check->items[0].value);
 }
 
 struct userdiff_driver *userdiff_get_textconv(struct userdiff_driver *driver)
@@ -281,6 +302,7 @@ struct userdiff_driver *userdiff_get_textconv(struct userdiff_driver *driver)
 		strbuf_addf(&name, "textconv/%s", driver->name);
 		notes_cache_init(c, name.buf, driver->textconv);
 		driver->textconv_cache = c;
+		strbuf_release(&name);
 	}
 
 	return driver;
diff --git a/userdiff.h b/userdiff.h
index 4a7e78ffbc..2ef0ce5452 100644
--- a/userdiff.h
+++ b/userdiff.h
@@ -23,6 +23,10 @@ int userdiff_config(const char *k, const char *v);
 struct userdiff_driver *userdiff_find_by_name(const char *name);
 struct userdiff_driver *userdiff_find_by_path(const char *path);
 
+/*
+ * Initialize any textconv-related fields in the driver and return it, or NULL
+ * if it does not have textconv enabled at all.
+ */
 struct userdiff_driver *userdiff_get_textconv(struct userdiff_driver *driver);
 
 #endif /* USERDIFF */
diff --git a/utf8.c b/utf8.c
index 520fbb4994..eb78587504 100644
--- a/utf8.c
+++ b/utf8.c
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ static int bisearch(ucs_char_t ucs, const struct interval *table, int max)
 	if (ucs < table[0].first || ucs > table[max].last)
 		return 0;
 	while (max >= min) {
-		mid = (min + max) / 2;
+		mid = min + (max - min) / 2;
 		if (ucs > table[mid].last)
 			min = mid + 1;
 		else if (ucs < table[mid].first)
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ static int git_wcwidth(ucs_char_t ch)
 	/*
 	 * Sorted list of non-overlapping intervals of non-spacing characters,
 	 */
-#include "unicode_width.h"
+#include "unicode-width.h"
 
 	/* test for 8-bit control characters */
 	if (ch == 0)
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ void strbuf_utf8_replace(struct strbuf *sb_src, int pos, int width,
 		old = src;
 		n = utf8_width((const char**)&src, NULL);
 		if (!src) 	/* broken utf-8, do nothing */
-			return;
+			goto out;
 		if (n && w >= pos && w < pos + width) {
 			if (subst) {
 				memcpy(dst, subst, subst_len);
@@ -397,21 +397,44 @@ void strbuf_utf8_replace(struct strbuf *sb_src, int pos, int width,
 	}
 	strbuf_setlen(&sb_dst, dst - sb_dst.buf);
 	strbuf_swap(sb_src, &sb_dst);
+out:
 	strbuf_release(&sb_dst);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Returns true (1) if the src encoding name matches the dst encoding
+ * name directly or one of its alternative names. E.g. UTF-16BE is the
+ * same as UTF16BE.
+ */
+static int same_utf_encoding(const char *src, const char *dst)
+{
+	if (istarts_with(src, "utf") && istarts_with(dst, "utf")) {
+		/* src[3] or dst[3] might be '\0' */
+		int i = (src[3] == '-' ? 4 : 3);
+		int j = (dst[3] == '-' ? 4 : 3);
+		return !strcasecmp(src+i, dst+j);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int is_encoding_utf8(const char *name)
 {
 	if (!name)
 		return 1;
-	if (!strcasecmp(name, "utf-8") || !strcasecmp(name, "utf8"))
+	if (same_utf_encoding("utf-8", name))
 		return 1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
 int same_encoding(const char *src, const char *dst)
 {
-	if (is_encoding_utf8(src) && is_encoding_utf8(dst))
+	static const char utf8[] = "UTF-8";
+
+	if (!src)
+		src = utf8;
+	if (!dst)
+		dst = utf8;
+	if (same_utf_encoding(src, dst))
 		return 1;
 	return !strcasecmp(src, dst);
 }
@@ -447,14 +470,14 @@ int utf8_fprintf(FILE *stream, const char *format, ...)
 #else
 	typedef char * iconv_ibp;
 #endif
-char *reencode_string_iconv(const char *in, size_t insz, iconv_t conv, int *outsz_p)
+char *reencode_string_iconv(const char *in, size_t insz, iconv_t conv, size_t *outsz_p)
 {
 	size_t outsz, outalloc;
 	char *out, *outpos;
 	iconv_ibp cp;
 
 	outsz = insz;
-	outalloc = outsz + 1; /* for terminating NUL */
+	outalloc = st_add(outsz, 1); /* for terminating NUL */
 	out = xmalloc(outalloc);
 	outpos = out;
 	cp = (iconv_ibp)in;
@@ -474,7 +497,7 @@ char *reencode_string_iconv(const char *in, size_t insz, iconv_t conv, int *outs
 			 * converting the rest.
 			 */
 			sofar = outpos - out;
-			outalloc = sofar + insz * 2 + 32;
+			outalloc = st_add3(sofar, st_mult(insz, 2), 32);
 			out = xrealloc(out, outalloc);
 			outpos = out + sofar;
 			outsz = outalloc - sofar - 1;
@@ -489,9 +512,31 @@ char *reencode_string_iconv(const char *in, size_t insz, iconv_t conv, int *outs
 	return out;
 }
 
-char *reencode_string_len(const char *in, int insz,
+static const char *fallback_encoding(const char *name)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Some platforms do not have the variously spelled variants of
+	 * UTF-8, so let's fall back to trying the most official
+	 * spelling. We do so only as a fallback in case the platform
+	 * does understand the user's spelling, but not our official
+	 * one.
+	 */
+	if (is_encoding_utf8(name))
+		return "UTF-8";
+
+	/*
+	 * Even though latin-1 is still seen in e-mail
+	 * headers, some platforms only install ISO-8859-1.
+	 */
+	if (!strcasecmp(name, "latin-1"))
+		return "ISO-8859-1";
+
+	return name;
+}
+
+char *reencode_string_len(const char *in, size_t insz,
 			  const char *out_encoding, const char *in_encoding,
-			  int *outsz)
+			  size_t *outsz)
 {
 	iconv_t conv;
 	char *out;
@@ -501,17 +546,9 @@ char *reencode_string_len(const char *in, int insz,
 
 	conv = iconv_open(out_encoding, in_encoding);
 	if (conv == (iconv_t) -1) {
-		/*
-		 * Some platforms do not have the variously spelled variants of
-		 * UTF-8, so let's fall back to trying the most official
-		 * spelling. We do so only as a fallback in case the platform
-		 * does understand the user's spelling, but not our official
-		 * one.
-		 */
-		if (is_encoding_utf8(in_encoding))
-			in_encoding = "UTF-8";
-		if (is_encoding_utf8(out_encoding))
-			out_encoding = "UTF-8";
+		in_encoding = fallback_encoding(in_encoding);
+		out_encoding = fallback_encoding(out_encoding);
+
 		conv = iconv_open(out_encoding, in_encoding);
 		if (conv == (iconv_t) -1)
 			return NULL;
@@ -523,6 +560,45 @@ char *reencode_string_len(const char *in, int insz,
 }
 #endif
 
+static int has_bom_prefix(const char *data, size_t len,
+			  const char *bom, size_t bom_len)
+{
+	return data && bom && (len >= bom_len) && !memcmp(data, bom, bom_len);
+}
+
+static const char utf16_be_bom[] = {'\xFE', '\xFF'};
+static const char utf16_le_bom[] = {'\xFF', '\xFE'};
+static const char utf32_be_bom[] = {'\0', '\0', '\xFE', '\xFF'};
+static const char utf32_le_bom[] = {'\xFF', '\xFE', '\0', '\0'};
+
+int has_prohibited_utf_bom(const char *enc, const char *data, size_t len)
+{
+	return (
+	  (same_utf_encoding("UTF-16BE", enc) ||
+	   same_utf_encoding("UTF-16LE", enc)) &&
+	  (has_bom_prefix(data, len, utf16_be_bom, sizeof(utf16_be_bom)) ||
+	   has_bom_prefix(data, len, utf16_le_bom, sizeof(utf16_le_bom)))
+	) || (
+	  (same_utf_encoding("UTF-32BE",  enc) ||
+	   same_utf_encoding("UTF-32LE", enc)) &&
+	  (has_bom_prefix(data, len, utf32_be_bom, sizeof(utf32_be_bom)) ||
+	   has_bom_prefix(data, len, utf32_le_bom, sizeof(utf32_le_bom)))
+	);
+}
+
+int is_missing_required_utf_bom(const char *enc, const char *data, size_t len)
+{
+	return (
+	   (same_utf_encoding(enc, "UTF-16")) &&
+	   !(has_bom_prefix(data, len, utf16_be_bom, sizeof(utf16_be_bom)) ||
+	     has_bom_prefix(data, len, utf16_le_bom, sizeof(utf16_le_bom)))
+	) || (
+	   (same_utf_encoding(enc, "UTF-32")) &&
+	   !(has_bom_prefix(data, len, utf32_be_bom, sizeof(utf32_be_bom)) ||
+	     has_bom_prefix(data, len, utf32_le_bom, sizeof(utf32_le_bom)))
+	);
+}
+
 /*
  * Returns first character length in bytes for multi-byte `text` according to
  * `encoding`.
@@ -605,31 +681,97 @@ static ucs_char_t next_hfs_char(const char **in)
 	}
 }
 
-int is_hfs_dotgit(const char *path)
+static int is_hfs_dot_generic(const char *path,
+			      const char *needle, size_t needle_len)
 {
 	ucs_char_t c;
 
 	c = next_hfs_char(&path);
 	if (c != '.')
 		return 0;
-	c = next_hfs_char(&path);
 
 	/*
 	 * there's a great deal of other case-folding that occurs
-	 * in HFS+, but this is enough to catch anything that will
-	 * convert to ".git"
+	 * in HFS+, but this is enough to catch our fairly vanilla
+	 * hard-coded needles.
 	 */
-	if (c != 'g' && c != 'G')
-		return 0;
-	c = next_hfs_char(&path);
-	if (c != 'i' && c != 'I')
-		return 0;
-	c = next_hfs_char(&path);
-	if (c != 't' && c != 'T')
-		return 0;
+	for (; needle_len > 0; needle++, needle_len--) {
+		c = next_hfs_char(&path);
+
+		/*
+		 * We know our needles contain only ASCII, so we clamp here to
+		 * make the results of tolower() sane.
+		 */
+		if (c > 127)
+			return 0;
+		if (tolower(c) != *needle)
+			return 0;
+	}
+
 	c = next_hfs_char(&path);
 	if (c && !is_dir_sep(c))
 		return 0;
 
 	return 1;
 }
+
+/*
+ * Inline wrapper to make sure the compiler resolves strlen() on literals at
+ * compile time.
+ */
+static inline int is_hfs_dot_str(const char *path, const char *needle)
+{
+	return is_hfs_dot_generic(path, needle, strlen(needle));
+}
+
+int is_hfs_dotgit(const char *path)
+{
+	return is_hfs_dot_str(path, "git");
+}
+
+int is_hfs_dotgitmodules(const char *path)
+{
+	return is_hfs_dot_str(path, "gitmodules");
+}
+
+int is_hfs_dotgitignore(const char *path)
+{
+	return is_hfs_dot_str(path, "gitignore");
+}
+
+int is_hfs_dotgitattributes(const char *path)
+{
+	return is_hfs_dot_str(path, "gitattributes");
+}
+
+const char utf8_bom[] = "\357\273\277";
+
+int skip_utf8_bom(char **text, size_t len)
+{
+	if (len < strlen(utf8_bom) ||
+	    memcmp(*text, utf8_bom, strlen(utf8_bom)))
+		return 0;
+	*text += strlen(utf8_bom);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+void strbuf_utf8_align(struct strbuf *buf, align_type position, unsigned int width,
+		       const char *s)
+{
+	int slen = strlen(s);
+	int display_len = utf8_strnwidth(s, slen, 0);
+	int utf8_compensation = slen - display_len;
+
+	if (display_len >= width) {
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, s);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (position == ALIGN_LEFT)
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%-*s", width + utf8_compensation, s);
+	else if (position == ALIGN_MIDDLE) {
+		int left = (width - display_len) / 2;
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%*s%-*s", left, "", width - left + utf8_compensation, s);
+	} else if (position == ALIGN_RIGHT)
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%*s", width + utf8_compensation, s);
+}
diff --git a/utf8.h b/utf8.h
index e4d9183c5f..edea55e093 100644
--- a/utf8.h
+++ b/utf8.h
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef GIT_UTF8_H
 #define GIT_UTF8_H
 
+struct strbuf;
+
 typedef unsigned int ucs_char_t;  /* assuming 32bit int */
 
 size_t display_mode_esc_sequence_len(const char *s);
@@ -13,6 +15,9 @@ int same_encoding(const char *, const char *);
 __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)))
 int utf8_fprintf(FILE *, const char *, ...);
 
+extern const char utf8_bom[];
+extern int skip_utf8_bom(char **, size_t);
+
 void strbuf_add_wrapped_text(struct strbuf *buf,
 		const char *text, int indent, int indent2, int width);
 void strbuf_add_wrapped_bytes(struct strbuf *buf, const char *data, int len,
@@ -22,13 +27,15 @@ void strbuf_utf8_replace(struct strbuf *sb, int pos, int width,
 
 #ifndef NO_ICONV
 char *reencode_string_iconv(const char *in, size_t insz,
-			    iconv_t conv, int *outsz);
-char *reencode_string_len(const char *in, int insz,
+			    iconv_t conv, size_t *outsz);
+char *reencode_string_len(const char *in, size_t insz,
 			  const char *out_encoding,
 			  const char *in_encoding,
-			  int *outsz);
+			  size_t *outsz);
 #else
-#define reencode_string_len(a,b,c,d,e) NULL
+static inline char *reencode_string_len(const char *a, size_t b,
+					const char *c, const char *d, size_t *e)
+{ if (e) *e = 0; return NULL; }
 #endif
 
 static inline char *reencode_string(const char *in,
@@ -43,11 +50,59 @@ static inline char *reencode_string(const char *in,
 int mbs_chrlen(const char **text, size_t *remainder_p, const char *encoding);
 
 /*
- * Returns true if the the path would match ".git" after HFS case-folding.
+ * Returns true if the path would match ".git" after HFS case-folding.
  * The path should be NUL-terminated, but we will match variants of both ".git\0"
  * and ".git/..." (but _not_ ".../.git"). This makes it suitable for both fsck
  * and verify_path().
+ *
+ * Likewise, the is_hfs_dotgitfoo() variants look for ".gitfoo".
  */
 int is_hfs_dotgit(const char *path);
+int is_hfs_dotgitmodules(const char *path);
+int is_hfs_dotgitignore(const char *path);
+int is_hfs_dotgitattributes(const char *path);
+
+typedef enum {
+	ALIGN_LEFT,
+	ALIGN_MIDDLE,
+	ALIGN_RIGHT
+} align_type;
+
+/*
+ * Align the string given and store it into a strbuf as per the
+ * 'position' and 'width'. If the given string length is larger than
+ * 'width' than then the input string is not truncated and no
+ * alignment is done.
+ */
+void strbuf_utf8_align(struct strbuf *buf, align_type position, unsigned int width,
+		       const char *s);
+
+/*
+ * If a data stream is declared as UTF-16BE or UTF-16LE, then a UTF-16
+ * BOM must not be used [1]. The same applies for the UTF-32 equivalents.
+ * The function returns true if this rule is violated.
+ *
+ * [1] http://unicode.org/faq/utf_bom.html#bom10
+ */
+int has_prohibited_utf_bom(const char *enc, const char *data, size_t len);
+
+/*
+ * If the endianness is not defined in the encoding name, then we
+ * require a BOM. The function returns true if a required BOM is missing.
+ *
+ * The Unicode standard instructs to assume big-endian if there in no
+ * BOM for UTF-16/32 [1][2]. However, the W3C/WHATWG encoding standard
+ * used in HTML5 recommends to assume little-endian to "deal with
+ * deployed content" [3].
+ *
+ * Therefore, strictly requiring a BOM seems to be the safest option for
+ * content in Git.
+ *
+ * [1] http://unicode.org/faq/utf_bom.html#gen6
+ * [2] http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode10.0.0/ch03.pdf
+ *     Section 3.10, D98, page 132
+ * [3] https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/#utf-16le
+ */
+int is_missing_required_utf_bom(const char *enc, const char *data, size_t len);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/vcs-svn/fast_export.c b/vcs-svn/fast_export.c
index bd0f2c2b86..b5b8913cb0 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/fast_export.c
+++ b/vcs-svn/fast_export.c
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "fast_export.h"
-#include "repo_tree.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "svndiff.h"
 #include "sliding_window.h"
@@ -68,12 +67,12 @@ void fast_export_modify(const char *path, uint32_t mode, const char *dataref)
 }
 
 void fast_export_begin_note(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
-		const char *log, unsigned long timestamp, const char *note_ref)
+		const char *log, timestamp_t timestamp, const char *note_ref)
 {
 	static int firstnote = 1;
 	size_t loglen = strlen(log);
 	printf("commit %s\n", note_ref);
-	printf("committer %s <%s@%s> %ld +0000\n", author, author, "local", timestamp);
+	printf("committer %s <%s@%s> %"PRItime" +0000\n", author, author, "local", timestamp);
 	printf("data %"PRIuMAX"\n", (uintmax_t)loglen);
 	fwrite(log, loglen, 1, stdout);
 	if (firstnote) {
@@ -93,7 +92,7 @@ static char gitsvnline[MAX_GITSVN_LINE_LEN];
 void fast_export_begin_commit(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
 			const struct strbuf *log,
 			const char *uuid, const char *url,
-			unsigned long timestamp, const char *local_ref)
+			timestamp_t timestamp, const char *local_ref)
 {
 	static const struct strbuf empty = STRBUF_INIT;
 	if (!log)
@@ -107,7 +106,7 @@ void fast_export_begin_commit(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
 	}
 	printf("commit %s\n", local_ref);
 	printf("mark :%"PRIu32"\n", revision);
-	printf("committer %s <%s@%s> %ld +0000\n",
+	printf("committer %s <%s@%s> %"PRItime" +0000\n",
 		   *author ? author : "nobody",
 		   *author ? author : "nobody",
 		   *uuid ? uuid : "local", timestamp);
@@ -210,7 +209,7 @@ static long apply_delta(off_t len, struct line_buffer *input,
 			die("invalid cat-blob response: %s", response);
 		check_preimage_overflow(preimage.max_off, 1);
 	}
-	if (old_mode == REPO_MODE_LNK) {
+	if (old_mode == S_IFLNK) {
 		strbuf_addstr(&preimage.buf, "link ");
 		check_preimage_overflow(preimage.max_off, strlen("link "));
 		preimage.max_off += strlen("link ");
@@ -244,7 +243,7 @@ void fast_export_buf_to_data(const struct strbuf *data)
 void fast_export_data(uint32_t mode, off_t len, struct line_buffer *input)
 {
 	assert(len >= 0);
-	if (mode == REPO_MODE_LNK) {
+	if (mode == S_IFLNK) {
 		/* svn symlink blobs start with "link " */
 		if (len < 5)
 			die("invalid dump: symlink too short for \"link\" prefix");
@@ -312,6 +311,42 @@ int fast_export_ls(const char *path, uint32_t *mode, struct strbuf *dataref)
 	return parse_ls_response(get_response_line(), mode, dataref);
 }
 
+const char *fast_export_read_path(const char *path, uint32_t *mode_out)
+{
+	int err;
+	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	err = fast_export_ls(path, mode_out, &buf);
+	if (err) {
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
+			BUG("unexpected fast_export_ls error: %s",
+			    strerror(errno));
+		/* Treat missing paths as directories. */
+		*mode_out = S_IFDIR;
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	return buf.buf;
+}
+
+void fast_export_copy(uint32_t revision, const char *src, const char *dst)
+{
+	int err;
+	uint32_t mode;
+	static struct strbuf data = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&data);
+	err = fast_export_ls_rev(revision, src, &mode, &data);
+	if (err) {
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
+			BUG("unexpected fast_export_ls_rev error: %s",
+			    strerror(errno));
+		fast_export_delete(dst);
+		return;
+	}
+	fast_export_modify(dst, mode, data.buf);
+}
+
 void fast_export_blob_delta(uint32_t mode,
 				uint32_t old_mode, const char *old_data,
 				off_t len, struct line_buffer *input)
@@ -320,7 +355,7 @@ void fast_export_blob_delta(uint32_t mode,
 
 	assert(len >= 0);
 	postimage_len = apply_delta(len, input, old_data, old_mode);
-	if (mode == REPO_MODE_LNK) {
+	if (mode == S_IFLNK) {
 		buffer_skip_bytes(&postimage, strlen("link "));
 		postimage_len -= strlen("link ");
 	}
diff --git a/vcs-svn/fast_export.h b/vcs-svn/fast_export.h
index c8b5adb811..60b79c35b9 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/fast_export.h
+++ b/vcs-svn/fast_export.h
@@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ void fast_export_delete(const char *path);
 void fast_export_modify(const char *path, uint32_t mode, const char *dataref);
 void fast_export_note(const char *committish, const char *dataref);
 void fast_export_begin_note(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
-		const char *log, unsigned long timestamp, const char *note_ref);
+		const char *log, timestamp_t timestamp, const char *note_ref);
 void fast_export_begin_commit(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
 			const struct strbuf *log, const char *uuid,const char *url,
-			unsigned long timestamp, const char *local_ref);
+			timestamp_t timestamp, const char *local_ref);
 void fast_export_end_commit(uint32_t revision);
 void fast_export_data(uint32_t mode, off_t len, struct line_buffer *input);
 void fast_export_buf_to_data(const struct strbuf *data);
@@ -28,4 +28,7 @@ int fast_export_ls_rev(uint32_t rev, const char *path,
 int fast_export_ls(const char *path,
 			uint32_t *mode_out, struct strbuf *dataref_out);
 
+void fast_export_copy(uint32_t revision, const char *src, const char *dst);
+const char *fast_export_read_path(const char *path, uint32_t *mode_out);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/vcs-svn/line_buffer.c b/vcs-svn/line_buffer.c
index 57cc1cec03..e416caf8a4 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/line_buffer.c
+++ b/vcs-svn/line_buffer.c
@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ long buffer_tmpfile_prepare_to_read(struct line_buffer *buf)
 {
 	long pos = ftell(buf->infile);
 	if (pos < 0)
-		return error("ftell error: %s", strerror(errno));
+		return error_errno("ftell error");
 	if (fseek(buf->infile, 0, SEEK_SET))
-		return error("seek error: %s", strerror(errno));
+		return error_errno("seek error");
 	return pos;
 }
 
diff --git a/vcs-svn/repo_tree.c b/vcs-svn/repo_tree.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 67d27f0b6c..0000000000
--- a/vcs-svn/repo_tree.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Licensed under a two-clause BSD-style license.
- * See LICENSE for details.
- */
-
-#include "git-compat-util.h"
-#include "strbuf.h"
-#include "repo_tree.h"
-#include "fast_export.h"
-
-const char *repo_read_path(const char *path, uint32_t *mode_out)
-{
-	int err;
-	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	strbuf_reset(&buf);
-	err = fast_export_ls(path, mode_out, &buf);
-	if (err) {
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			die_errno("BUG: unexpected fast_export_ls error");
-		/* Treat missing paths as directories. */
-		*mode_out = REPO_MODE_DIR;
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	return buf.buf;
-}
-
-void repo_copy(uint32_t revision, const char *src, const char *dst)
-{
-	int err;
-	uint32_t mode;
-	static struct strbuf data = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	strbuf_reset(&data);
-	err = fast_export_ls_rev(revision, src, &mode, &data);
-	if (err) {
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			die_errno("BUG: unexpected fast_export_ls_rev error");
-		fast_export_delete(dst);
-		return;
-	}
-	fast_export_modify(dst, mode, data.buf);
-}
-
-void repo_delete(const char *path)
-{
-	fast_export_delete(path);
-}
diff --git a/vcs-svn/repo_tree.h b/vcs-svn/repo_tree.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 889c6a3c95..0000000000
--- a/vcs-svn/repo_tree.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef REPO_TREE_H_
-#define REPO_TREE_H_
-
-struct strbuf;
-
-#define REPO_MODE_DIR 0040000
-#define REPO_MODE_BLB 0100644
-#define REPO_MODE_EXE 0100755
-#define REPO_MODE_LNK 0120000
-
-uint32_t next_blob_mark(void);
-void repo_copy(uint32_t revision, const char *src, const char *dst);
-void repo_add(const char *path, uint32_t mode, uint32_t blob_mark);
-const char *repo_read_path(const char *path, uint32_t *mode_out);
-void repo_delete(const char *path);
-void repo_commit(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
-		const struct strbuf *log, const char *uuid, const char *url,
-		long unsigned timestamp);
-void repo_diff(uint32_t r1, uint32_t r2);
-void repo_init(void);
-void repo_reset(void);
-
-#endif
diff --git a/vcs-svn/sliding_window.c b/vcs-svn/sliding_window.c
index f11d490995..06d273c9e8 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/sliding_window.c
+++ b/vcs-svn/sliding_window.c
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ static int input_error(struct line_buffer *file)
 {
 	if (!buffer_ferror(file))
 		return error("delta preimage ends early");
-	return error("cannot read delta preimage: %s", strerror(errno));
+	return error_errno("cannot read delta preimage");
 }
 
 static int skip_or_whine(struct line_buffer *file, off_t gap)
diff --git a/vcs-svn/svndiff.c b/vcs-svn/svndiff.c
index 74c97c4543..75c753162a 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/svndiff.c
+++ b/vcs-svn/svndiff.c
@@ -64,13 +64,13 @@ static int write_strbuf(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *out)
 {
 	if (fwrite(sb->buf, 1, sb->len, out) == sb->len)	/* Success. */
 		return 0;
-	return error("cannot write delta postimage: %s", strerror(errno));
+	return error_errno("cannot write delta postimage");
 }
 
 static int error_short_read(struct line_buffer *input)
 {
 	if (buffer_ferror(input))
-		return error("error reading delta: %s", strerror(errno));
+		return error_errno("error reading delta");
 	return error("invalid delta: unexpected end of file");
 }
 
diff --git a/vcs-svn/svndump.c b/vcs-svn/svndump.c
index 31d1d83d45..08d136b8cc 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/svndump.c
+++ b/vcs-svn/svndump.c
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "repo_tree.h"
 #include "fast_export.h"
 #include "line_buffer.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@ static struct {
 
 static struct {
 	uint32_t revision;
-	unsigned long timestamp;
+	timestamp_t timestamp;
 	struct strbuf log, author, note;
 } rev_ctx;
 
@@ -134,13 +133,13 @@ static void handle_property(const struct strbuf *key_buf,
 			die("invalid dump: sets type twice");
 		}
 		if (!val) {
-			node_ctx.type = REPO_MODE_BLB;
+			node_ctx.type = S_IFREG | 0644;
 			return;
 		}
 		*type_set = 1;
 		node_ctx.type = keylen == strlen("svn:executable") ?
-				REPO_MODE_EXE :
-				REPO_MODE_LNK;
+				(S_IFREG | 0755) :
+				S_IFLNK;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -219,45 +218,45 @@ static void handle_node(void)
 	 */
 	static const char *const empty_blob = "::empty::";
 	const char *old_data = NULL;
-	uint32_t old_mode = REPO_MODE_BLB;
+	uint32_t old_mode = S_IFREG | 0644;
 
 	if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_DELETE) {
 		if (have_text || have_props || node_ctx.srcRev)
 			die("invalid dump: deletion node has "
 				"copyfrom info, text, or properties");
-		repo_delete(node_ctx.dst.buf);
+		fast_export_delete(node_ctx.dst.buf);
 		return;
 	}
 	if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_REPLACE) {
-		repo_delete(node_ctx.dst.buf);
+		fast_export_delete(node_ctx.dst.buf);
 		node_ctx.action = NODEACT_ADD;
 	}
 	if (node_ctx.srcRev) {
-		repo_copy(node_ctx.srcRev, node_ctx.src.buf, node_ctx.dst.buf);
+		fast_export_copy(node_ctx.srcRev, node_ctx.src.buf, node_ctx.dst.buf);
 		if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_ADD)
 			node_ctx.action = NODEACT_CHANGE;
 	}
-	if (have_text && type == REPO_MODE_DIR)
+	if (have_text && type == S_IFDIR)
 		die("invalid dump: directories cannot have text attached");
 
 	/*
 	 * Find old content (old_data) and decide on the new mode.
 	 */
 	if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_CHANGE && !*node_ctx.dst.buf) {
-		if (type != REPO_MODE_DIR)
+		if (type != S_IFDIR)
 			die("invalid dump: root of tree is not a regular file");
 		old_data = NULL;
 	} else if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_CHANGE) {
 		uint32_t mode;
-		old_data = repo_read_path(node_ctx.dst.buf, &mode);
-		if (mode == REPO_MODE_DIR && type != REPO_MODE_DIR)
+		old_data = fast_export_read_path(node_ctx.dst.buf, &mode);
+		if (mode == S_IFDIR && type != S_IFDIR)
 			die("invalid dump: cannot modify a directory into a file");
-		if (mode != REPO_MODE_DIR && type == REPO_MODE_DIR)
+		if (mode != S_IFDIR && type == S_IFDIR)
 			die("invalid dump: cannot modify a file into a directory");
 		node_ctx.type = mode;
 		old_mode = mode;
 	} else if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_ADD) {
-		if (type == REPO_MODE_DIR)
+		if (type == S_IFDIR)
 			old_data = NULL;
 		else if (have_text)
 			old_data = empty_blob;
@@ -280,7 +279,7 @@ static void handle_node(void)
 	/*
 	 * Save the result.
 	 */
-	if (type == REPO_MODE_DIR)	/* directories are not tracked. */
+	if (type == S_IFDIR)	/* directories are not tracked. */
 		return;
 	assert(old_data);
 	if (old_data == empty_blob)
@@ -319,6 +318,7 @@ static void end_revision(const char *note_ref)
 		strbuf_addf(&mark, ":%"PRIu32, rev_ctx.revision);
 		fast_export_note(mark.buf, "inline");
 		fast_export_buf_to_data(&rev_ctx.note);
+		strbuf_release(&mark);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -385,9 +385,9 @@ void svndump_read(const char *url, const char *local_ref, const char *notes_ref)
 				continue;
 			strbuf_addf(&rev_ctx.note, "%s\n", t);
 			if (!strcmp(val, "dir"))
-				node_ctx.type = REPO_MODE_DIR;
+				node_ctx.type = S_IFDIR;
 			else if (!strcmp(val, "file"))
-				node_ctx.type = REPO_MODE_BLB;
+				node_ctx.type = S_IFREG | 0644;
 			else
 				fprintf(stderr, "Unknown node-kind: %s\n", val);
 			break;
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ static void init(int report_fd)
 int svndump_init(const char *filename)
 {
 	if (buffer_init(&input, filename))
-		return error("cannot open %s: %s", filename ? filename : "NULL", strerror(errno));
+		return error_errno("cannot open %s", filename ? filename : "NULL");
 	init(REPORT_FILENO);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ int svndump_init(const char *filename)
 int svndump_init_fd(int in_fd, int back_fd)
 {
 	if(buffer_fdinit(&input, xdup(in_fd)))
-		return error("cannot open fd %d: %s", in_fd, strerror(errno));
+		return error_errno("cannot open fd %d", in_fd);
 	init(xdup(back_fd));
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/version.c b/version.c
index 6106a8098c..41b718c29e 100644
--- a/version.c
+++ b/version.c
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "strbuf.h"
 
 const char git_version_string[] = GIT_VERSION;
+const char git_built_from_commit_string[] = GIT_BUILT_FROM_COMMIT;
 
 const char *git_user_agent(void)
 {
diff --git a/version.h b/version.h
index 6911a4f155..7c62e80577 100644
--- a/version.h
+++ b/version.h
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #define VERSION_H
 
 extern const char git_version_string[];
+extern const char git_built_from_commit_string[];
 
 const char *git_user_agent(void);
 const char *git_user_agent_sanitized(void);
diff --git a/versioncmp.c b/versioncmp.c
index 7511e08271..069ee94a4d 100644
--- a/versioncmp.c
+++ b/versioncmp.c
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
 
 /*
  * versioncmp(): copied from string/strverscmp.c in glibc commit
@@ -20,6 +22,89 @@
 #define  CMP    2
 #define  LEN    3
 
+static const struct string_list *prereleases;
+static int initialized;
+
+struct suffix_match {
+	int conf_pos;
+	int start;
+	int len;
+};
+
+static void find_better_matching_suffix(const char *tagname, const char *suffix,
+					int suffix_len, int start, int conf_pos,
+					struct suffix_match *match)
+{
+	/*
+	 * A better match either starts earlier or starts at the same offset
+	 * but is longer.
+	 */
+	int end = match->len < suffix_len ? match->start : match->start-1;
+	int i;
+	for (i = start; i <= end; i++)
+		if (starts_with(tagname + i, suffix)) {
+			match->conf_pos = conf_pos;
+			match->start = i;
+			match->len = suffix_len;
+			break;
+		}
+}
+
+/*
+ * off is the offset of the first different character in the two strings
+ * s1 and s2. If either s1 or s2 contains a prerelease suffix containing
+ * that offset or a suffix ends right before that offset, then that
+ * string will be forced to be on top.
+ *
+ * If both s1 and s2 contain a (different) suffix around that position,
+ * their order is determined by the order of those two suffixes in the
+ * configuration.
+ * If any of the strings contains more than one different suffixes around
+ * that position, then that string is sorted according to the contained
+ * suffix which starts at the earliest offset in that string.
+ * If more than one different contained suffixes start at that earliest
+ * offset, then that string is sorted according to the longest of those
+ * suffixes.
+ *
+ * Return non-zero if *diff contains the return value for versioncmp()
+ */
+static int swap_prereleases(const char *s1,
+			    const char *s2,
+			    int off,
+			    int *diff)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct suffix_match match1 = { -1, off, -1 };
+	struct suffix_match match2 = { -1, off, -1 };
+
+	for (i = 0; i < prereleases->nr; i++) {
+		const char *suffix = prereleases->items[i].string;
+		int start, suffix_len = strlen(suffix);
+		if (suffix_len < off)
+			start = off - suffix_len;
+		else
+			start = 0;
+		find_better_matching_suffix(s1, suffix, suffix_len, start,
+					    i, &match1);
+		find_better_matching_suffix(s2, suffix, suffix_len, start,
+					    i, &match2);
+	}
+	if (match1.conf_pos == -1 && match2.conf_pos == -1)
+		return 0;
+	if (match1.conf_pos == match2.conf_pos)
+		/* Found the same suffix in both, e.g. "-rc" in "v1.0-rcX"
+		 * and "v1.0-rcY": the caller should decide based on "X"
+		 * and "Y". */
+		return 0;
+
+	if (match1.conf_pos >= 0 && match2.conf_pos >= 0)
+		*diff = match1.conf_pos - match2.conf_pos;
+	else if (match1.conf_pos >= 0)
+		*diff = -1;
+	else /* if (match2.conf_pos >= 0) */
+		*diff = 1;
+	return 1;
+}
 
 /*
  * Compare S1 and S2 as strings holding indices/version numbers,
@@ -74,6 +159,21 @@ int versioncmp(const char *s1, const char *s2)
 		state += (c1 == '0') + (isdigit (c1) != 0);
 	}
 
+	if (!initialized) {
+		const struct string_list *deprecated_prereleases;
+		initialized = 1;
+		prereleases = git_config_get_value_multi("versionsort.suffix");
+		deprecated_prereleases = git_config_get_value_multi("versionsort.prereleasesuffix");
+		if (prereleases) {
+			if (deprecated_prereleases)
+				warning("ignoring versionsort.prereleasesuffix because versionsort.suffix is set");
+		} else
+			prereleases = deprecated_prereleases;
+	}
+	if (prereleases && swap_prereleases(s1, s2, (const char *) p1 - s1 - 1,
+					    &diff))
+		return diff;
+
 	state = result_type[state * 3 + (((c2 == '0') + (isdigit (c2) != 0)))];
 
 	switch (state) {
diff --git a/walker.c b/walker.c
index 58ffeca264..96990d84da 100644
--- a/walker.c
+++ b/walker.c
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "walker.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
@@ -7,23 +9,26 @@
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 
-static unsigned char current_commit_sha1[20];
+static struct object_id current_commit_oid;
 
-void walker_say(struct walker *walker, const char *fmt, const char *hex)
+void walker_say(struct walker *walker, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	if (walker->get_verbosely)
-		fprintf(stderr, fmt, hex);
+	if (walker->get_verbosely) {
+		va_list ap;
+		va_start(ap, fmt);
+		vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
+		va_end(ap);
+	}
 }
 
 static void report_missing(const struct object *obj)
 {
-	char missing_hex[41];
-	strcpy(missing_hex, sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 	fprintf(stderr, "Cannot obtain needed %s %s\n",
-		obj->type ? typename(obj->type): "object", missing_hex);
-	if (!is_null_sha1(current_commit_sha1))
+		obj->type ? type_name(obj->type): "object",
+		oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
+	if (!is_null_oid(&current_commit_oid))
 		fprintf(stderr, "while processing commit %s.\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(current_commit_sha1));
+			oid_to_hex(&current_commit_oid));
 }
 
 static int process(struct walker *walker, struct object *obj);
@@ -44,12 +49,14 @@ static int process_tree(struct walker *walker, struct tree *tree)
 		if (S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode))
 			continue;
 		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode)) {
-			struct tree *tree = lookup_tree(entry.sha1);
+			struct tree *tree = lookup_tree(the_repository,
+							entry.oid);
 			if (tree)
 				obj = &tree->object;
 		}
 		else {
-			struct blob *blob = lookup_blob(entry.sha1);
+			struct blob *blob = lookup_blob(the_repository,
+							entry.oid);
 			if (blob)
 				obj = &blob->object;
 		}
@@ -69,6 +76,8 @@ static struct commit_list *complete = NULL;
 
 static int process_commit(struct walker *walker, struct commit *commit)
 {
+	struct commit_list *parents;
+
 	if (parse_commit(commit))
 		return -1;
 
@@ -79,23 +88,18 @@ static int process_commit(struct walker *walker, struct commit *commit)
 	if (commit->object.flags & COMPLETE)
 		return 0;
 
-	hashcpy(current_commit_sha1, commit->object.sha1);
+	oidcpy(&current_commit_oid, &commit->object.oid);
 
-	walker_say(walker, "walk %s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+	walker_say(walker, "walk %s\n", oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 
-	if (walker->get_tree) {
-		if (process(walker, &commit->tree->object))
+	if (process(walker, &get_commit_tree(commit)->object))
+		return -1;
+
+	for (parents = commit->parents; parents; parents = parents->next) {
+		if (process(walker, &parents->item->object))
 			return -1;
-		if (!walker->get_all)
-			walker->get_tree = 0;
-	}
-	if (walker->get_history) {
-		struct commit_list *parents = commit->parents;
-		for (; parents; parents = parents->next) {
-			if (process(walker, &parents->item->object))
-				return -1;
-		}
 	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -131,7 +135,7 @@ static int process_object(struct walker *walker, struct object *obj)
 	}
 	return error("Unable to determine requirements "
 		     "of type %s for %s",
-		     typename(obj->type), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+		     type_name(obj->type), oid_to_hex(&obj->oid));
 }
 
 static int process(struct walker *walker, struct object *obj)
@@ -140,14 +144,14 @@ static int process(struct walker *walker, struct object *obj)
 		return 0;
 	obj->flags |= SEEN;
 
-	if (has_sha1_file(obj->sha1)) {
+	if (has_object_file(&obj->oid)) {
 		/* We already have it, so we should scan it now. */
 		obj->flags |= TO_SCAN;
 	}
 	else {
 		if (obj->flags & COMPLETE)
 			return 0;
-		walker->prefetch(walker, obj->sha1);
+		walker->prefetch(walker, obj->oid.hash);
 	}
 
 	object_list_insert(obj, process_queue_end);
@@ -171,27 +175,27 @@ static int loop(struct walker *walker)
 		 * the queue because we needed to fetch it first.
 		 */
 		if (! (obj->flags & TO_SCAN)) {
-			if (walker->fetch(walker, obj->sha1)) {
+			if (walker->fetch(walker, obj->oid.hash)) {
 				report_missing(obj);
 				return -1;
 			}
 		}
 		if (!obj->type)
-			parse_object(obj->sha1);
+			parse_object(the_repository, &obj->oid);
 		if (process_object(walker, obj))
 			return -1;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int interpret_target(struct walker *walker, char *target, unsigned char *sha1)
+static int interpret_target(struct walker *walker, char *target, struct object_id *oid)
 {
-	if (!get_sha1_hex(target, sha1))
+	if (!get_oid_hex(target, oid))
 		return 0;
 	if (!check_refname_format(target, 0)) {
 		struct ref *ref = alloc_ref(target);
 		if (!walker->fetch_ref(walker, ref)) {
-			hashcpy(sha1, ref->old_sha1);
+			oidcpy(oid, &ref->old_oid);
 			free(ref);
 			return 0;
 		}
@@ -200,9 +204,12 @@ static int interpret_target(struct walker *walker, char *target, unsigned char *
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static int mark_complete(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int mark_complete(const char *path, const struct object_id *oid,
+			 int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
-	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository,
+							       oid, 1);
+
 	if (commit) {
 		commit->object.flags |= COMPLETE;
 		commit_list_insert(commit, &complete);
@@ -219,7 +226,7 @@ int walker_targets_stdin(char ***target, const char ***write_ref)
 		char *rf_one = NULL;
 		char *tg_one;
 
-		if (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, '\n') == EOF)
+		if (strbuf_getline_lf(&buf, stdin) == EOF)
 			break;
 		tg_one = buf.buf;
 		rf_one = strchr(tg_one, '\t');
@@ -254,7 +261,7 @@ int walker_fetch(struct walker *walker, int targets, char **target,
 	struct strbuf refname = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct ref_transaction *transaction = NULL;
-	unsigned char *sha1 = xmalloc(targets * 20);
+	struct object_id *oids = xmalloc(targets * sizeof(struct object_id));
 	char *msg = NULL;
 	int i, ret = -1;
 
@@ -274,11 +281,11 @@ int walker_fetch(struct walker *walker, int targets, char **target,
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < targets; i++) {
-		if (interpret_target(walker, target[i], &sha1[20 * i])) {
+		if (interpret_target(walker, target[i], oids + i)) {
 			error("Could not interpret response from server '%s' as something to pull", target[i]);
 			goto done;
 		}
-		if (process(walker, lookup_unknown_object(&sha1[20 * i])))
+		if (process(walker, lookup_unknown_object(oids[i].hash)))
 			goto done;
 	}
 
@@ -299,7 +306,7 @@ int walker_fetch(struct walker *walker, int targets, char **target,
 		strbuf_reset(&refname);
 		strbuf_addf(&refname, "refs/%s", write_ref[i]);
 		if (ref_transaction_update(transaction, refname.buf,
-					   &sha1[20 * i], NULL, 0,
+					   oids + i, NULL, 0,
 					   msg ? msg : "fetch (unknown)",
 					   &err)) {
 			error("%s", err.buf);
@@ -316,7 +323,7 @@ int walker_fetch(struct walker *walker, int targets, char **target,
 done:
 	ref_transaction_free(transaction);
 	free(msg);
-	free(sha1);
+	free(oids);
 	strbuf_release(&err);
 	strbuf_release(&refname);
 	return ret;
diff --git a/walker.h b/walker.h
index 95e5765484..6d8ae00e5b 100644
--- a/walker.h
+++ b/walker.h
@@ -9,9 +9,6 @@ struct walker {
 	void (*prefetch)(struct walker *, unsigned char *sha1);
 	int (*fetch)(struct walker *, unsigned char *sha1);
 	void (*cleanup)(struct walker *);
-	int get_tree;
-	int get_history;
-	int get_all;
 	int get_verbosely;
 	int get_recover;
 
@@ -19,7 +16,8 @@ struct walker {
 };
 
 /* Report what we got under get_verbosely */
-void walker_say(struct walker *walker, const char *, const char *);
+__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)))
+void walker_say(struct walker *walker, const char *fmt, ...);
 
 /* Load pull targets from stdin */
 int walker_targets_stdin(char ***target, const char ***write_ref);
diff --git a/wildmatch.c b/wildmatch.c
index f91ba99f32..d074c1be10 100644
--- a/wildmatch.c
+++ b/wildmatch.c
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ static int dowild(const uchar *p, const uchar *text, unsigned int flags)
 				/*
 				 * Try to advance faster when an asterisk is
 				 * followed by a literal. We know in this case
-				 * that the the string before the literal
+				 * that the string before the literal
 				 * must belong to "*".
 				 * If match_slash is false, do not look past
 				 * the first slash as it cannot belong to '*'.
@@ -272,8 +272,7 @@ static int dowild(const uchar *p, const uchar *text, unsigned int flags)
 }
 
 /* Match the "pattern" against the "text" string. */
-int wildmatch(const char *pattern, const char *text,
-	      unsigned int flags, struct wildopts *wo)
+int wildmatch(const char *pattern, const char *text, unsigned int flags)
 {
 	return dowild((const uchar*)pattern, (const uchar*)text, flags);
 }
diff --git a/wildmatch.h b/wildmatch.h
index 4090c8f4bb..b8c826aa68 100644
--- a/wildmatch.h
+++ b/wildmatch.h
@@ -10,9 +10,5 @@
 #define WM_ABORT_ALL -1
 #define WM_ABORT_TO_STARSTAR -2
 
-struct wildopts;
-
-int wildmatch(const char *pattern, const char *text,
-	      unsigned int flags,
-	      struct wildopts *wo);
+int wildmatch(const char *pattern, const char *text, unsigned int flags);
 #endif
diff --git a/worktree.c b/worktree.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..97cda5f97b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/worktree.c
@@ -0,0 +1,506 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "worktree.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "wt-status.h"
+
+void free_worktrees(struct worktree **worktrees)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; worktrees[i]; i++) {
+		free(worktrees[i]->path);
+		free(worktrees[i]->id);
+		free(worktrees[i]->head_ref);
+		free(worktrees[i]->lock_reason);
+		free(worktrees[i]);
+	}
+	free (worktrees);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Update head_sha1, head_ref and is_detached of the given worktree
+ */
+static void add_head_info(struct worktree *wt)
+{
+	int flags;
+	const char *target;
+
+	target = refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(get_worktree_ref_store(wt),
+					 "HEAD",
+					 0,
+					 &wt->head_oid, &flags);
+	if (!target)
+		return;
+
+	if (flags & REF_ISSYMREF)
+		wt->head_ref = xstrdup(target);
+	else
+		wt->is_detached = 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * get the main worktree
+ */
+static struct worktree *get_main_worktree(void)
+{
+	struct worktree *worktree = NULL;
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf worktree_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int is_bare = 0;
+
+	strbuf_add_absolute_path(&worktree_path, get_git_common_dir());
+	is_bare = !strbuf_strip_suffix(&worktree_path, "/.git");
+	if (is_bare)
+		strbuf_strip_suffix(&worktree_path, "/.");
+
+	strbuf_addf(&path, "%s/HEAD", get_git_common_dir());
+
+	worktree = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*worktree));
+	worktree->path = strbuf_detach(&worktree_path, NULL);
+	worktree->is_bare = is_bare;
+	add_head_info(worktree);
+
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+	strbuf_release(&worktree_path);
+	return worktree;
+}
+
+static struct worktree *get_linked_worktree(const char *id)
+{
+	struct worktree *worktree = NULL;
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf worktree_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!id)
+		die("Missing linked worktree name");
+
+	strbuf_git_common_path(&path, the_repository, "worktrees/%s/gitdir", id);
+	if (strbuf_read_file(&worktree_path, path.buf, 0) <= 0)
+		/* invalid gitdir file */
+		goto done;
+
+	strbuf_rtrim(&worktree_path);
+	if (!strbuf_strip_suffix(&worktree_path, "/.git")) {
+		strbuf_reset(&worktree_path);
+		strbuf_add_absolute_path(&worktree_path, ".");
+		strbuf_strip_suffix(&worktree_path, "/.");
+	}
+
+	strbuf_reset(&path);
+	strbuf_addf(&path, "%s/worktrees/%s/HEAD", get_git_common_dir(), id);
+
+	worktree = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*worktree));
+	worktree->path = strbuf_detach(&worktree_path, NULL);
+	worktree->id = xstrdup(id);
+	add_head_info(worktree);
+
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+	strbuf_release(&worktree_path);
+	return worktree;
+}
+
+static void mark_current_worktree(struct worktree **worktrees)
+{
+	char *git_dir = absolute_pathdup(get_git_dir());
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; worktrees[i]; i++) {
+		struct worktree *wt = worktrees[i];
+		const char *wt_git_dir = get_worktree_git_dir(wt);
+
+		if (!fspathcmp(git_dir, absolute_path(wt_git_dir))) {
+			wt->is_current = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	free(git_dir);
+}
+
+static int compare_worktree(const void *a_, const void *b_)
+{
+	const struct worktree *const *a = a_;
+	const struct worktree *const *b = b_;
+	return fspathcmp((*a)->path, (*b)->path);
+}
+
+struct worktree **get_worktrees(unsigned flags)
+{
+	struct worktree **list = NULL;
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	DIR *dir;
+	struct dirent *d;
+	int counter = 0, alloc = 2;
+
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(list, alloc);
+
+	list[counter++] = get_main_worktree();
+
+	strbuf_addf(&path, "%s/worktrees", get_git_common_dir());
+	dir = opendir(path.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+	if (dir) {
+		while ((d = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+			struct worktree *linked = NULL;
+			if (is_dot_or_dotdot(d->d_name))
+				continue;
+
+			if ((linked = get_linked_worktree(d->d_name))) {
+				ALLOC_GROW(list, counter + 1, alloc);
+				list[counter++] = linked;
+			}
+		}
+		closedir(dir);
+	}
+	ALLOC_GROW(list, counter + 1, alloc);
+	list[counter] = NULL;
+
+	if (flags & GWT_SORT_LINKED)
+		/*
+		 * don't sort the first item (main worktree), which will
+		 * always be the first
+		 */
+		QSORT(list + 1, counter - 1, compare_worktree);
+
+	mark_current_worktree(list);
+	return list;
+}
+
+const char *get_worktree_git_dir(const struct worktree *wt)
+{
+	if (!wt)
+		return get_git_dir();
+	else if (!wt->id)
+		return get_git_common_dir();
+	else
+		return git_common_path("worktrees/%s", wt->id);
+}
+
+static struct worktree *find_worktree_by_suffix(struct worktree **list,
+						const char *suffix)
+{
+	struct worktree *found = NULL;
+	int nr_found = 0, suffixlen;
+
+	suffixlen = strlen(suffix);
+	if (!suffixlen)
+		return NULL;
+
+	for (; *list && nr_found < 2; list++) {
+		const char	*path	 = (*list)->path;
+		int		 pathlen = strlen(path);
+		int		 start	 = pathlen - suffixlen;
+
+		/* suffix must start at directory boundary */
+		if ((!start || (start > 0 && is_dir_sep(path[start - 1]))) &&
+		    !fspathcmp(suffix, path + start)) {
+			found = *list;
+			nr_found++;
+		}
+	}
+	return nr_found == 1 ? found : NULL;
+}
+
+struct worktree *find_worktree(struct worktree **list,
+			       const char *prefix,
+			       const char *arg)
+{
+	struct worktree *wt;
+	char *path;
+	char *to_free = NULL;
+
+	if ((wt = find_worktree_by_suffix(list, arg)))
+		return wt;
+
+	if (prefix)
+		arg = to_free = prefix_filename(prefix, arg);
+	path = real_pathdup(arg, 1);
+	for (; *list; list++)
+		if (!fspathcmp(path, real_path((*list)->path)))
+			break;
+	free(path);
+	free(to_free);
+	return *list;
+}
+
+int is_main_worktree(const struct worktree *wt)
+{
+	return !wt->id;
+}
+
+const char *is_worktree_locked(struct worktree *wt)
+{
+	assert(!is_main_worktree(wt));
+
+	if (!wt->lock_reason_valid) {
+		struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		strbuf_addstr(&path, worktree_git_path(wt, "locked"));
+		if (file_exists(path.buf)) {
+			struct strbuf lock_reason = STRBUF_INIT;
+			if (strbuf_read_file(&lock_reason, path.buf, 0) < 0)
+				die_errno(_("failed to read '%s'"), path.buf);
+			strbuf_trim(&lock_reason);
+			wt->lock_reason = strbuf_detach(&lock_reason, NULL);
+		} else
+			wt->lock_reason = NULL;
+		wt->lock_reason_valid = 1;
+		strbuf_release(&path);
+	}
+
+	return wt->lock_reason;
+}
+
+/* convenient wrapper to deal with NULL strbuf */
+static void strbuf_addf_gently(struct strbuf *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list params;
+
+	if (!buf)
+		return;
+
+	va_start(params, fmt);
+	strbuf_vaddf(buf, fmt, params);
+	va_end(params);
+}
+
+int validate_worktree(const struct worktree *wt, struct strbuf *errmsg,
+		      unsigned flags)
+{
+	struct strbuf wt_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *path = NULL;
+	int err, ret = -1;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&wt_path, "%s/.git", wt->path);
+
+	if (is_main_worktree(wt)) {
+		if (is_directory(wt_path.buf)) {
+			ret = 0;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Main worktree using .git file to point to the
+		 * repository would make it impossible to know where
+		 * the actual worktree is if this function is executed
+		 * from another worktree. No .git file support for now.
+		 */
+		strbuf_addf_gently(errmsg,
+				   _("'%s' at main working tree is not the repository directory"),
+				   wt_path.buf);
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Make sure "gitdir" file points to a real .git file and that
+	 * file points back here.
+	 */
+	if (!is_absolute_path(wt->path)) {
+		strbuf_addf_gently(errmsg,
+				   _("'%s' file does not contain absolute path to the working tree location"),
+				   git_common_path("worktrees/%s/gitdir", wt->id));
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if (flags & WT_VALIDATE_WORKTREE_MISSING_OK &&
+	    !file_exists(wt->path)) {
+		ret = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if (!file_exists(wt_path.buf)) {
+		strbuf_addf_gently(errmsg, _("'%s' does not exist"), wt_path.buf);
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	path = xstrdup_or_null(read_gitfile_gently(wt_path.buf, &err));
+	if (!path) {
+		strbuf_addf_gently(errmsg, _("'%s' is not a .git file, error code %d"),
+				   wt_path.buf, err);
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	ret = fspathcmp(path, real_path(git_common_path("worktrees/%s", wt->id)));
+
+	if (ret)
+		strbuf_addf_gently(errmsg, _("'%s' does not point back to '%s'"),
+				   wt->path, git_common_path("worktrees/%s", wt->id));
+done:
+	free(path);
+	strbuf_release(&wt_path);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void update_worktree_location(struct worktree *wt, const char *path_)
+{
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (is_main_worktree(wt))
+		BUG("can't relocate main worktree");
+
+	strbuf_realpath(&path, path_, 1);
+	if (fspathcmp(wt->path, path.buf)) {
+		write_file(git_common_path("worktrees/%s/gitdir", wt->id),
+			   "%s/.git", path.buf);
+		free(wt->path);
+		wt->path = strbuf_detach(&path, NULL);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+}
+
+int is_worktree_being_rebased(const struct worktree *wt,
+			      const char *target)
+{
+	struct wt_status_state state;
+	int found_rebase;
+
+	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
+	found_rebase = wt_status_check_rebase(wt, &state) &&
+		((state.rebase_in_progress ||
+		  state.rebase_interactive_in_progress) &&
+		 state.branch &&
+		 starts_with(target, "refs/heads/") &&
+		 !strcmp(state.branch, target + strlen("refs/heads/")));
+	free(state.branch);
+	free(state.onto);
+	return found_rebase;
+}
+
+int is_worktree_being_bisected(const struct worktree *wt,
+			       const char *target)
+{
+	struct wt_status_state state;
+	int found_rebase;
+
+	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
+	found_rebase = wt_status_check_bisect(wt, &state) &&
+		state.branch &&
+		starts_with(target, "refs/heads/") &&
+		!strcmp(state.branch, target + strlen("refs/heads/"));
+	free(state.branch);
+	return found_rebase;
+}
+
+/*
+ * note: this function should be able to detect shared symref even if
+ * HEAD is temporarily detached (e.g. in the middle of rebase or
+ * bisect). New commands that do similar things should update this
+ * function as well.
+ */
+const struct worktree *find_shared_symref(const char *symref,
+					  const char *target)
+{
+	const struct worktree *existing = NULL;
+	static struct worktree **worktrees;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	if (worktrees)
+		free_worktrees(worktrees);
+	worktrees = get_worktrees(0);
+
+	for (i = 0; worktrees[i]; i++) {
+		struct worktree *wt = worktrees[i];
+		const char *symref_target;
+		struct ref_store *refs;
+		int flags;
+
+		if (wt->is_bare)
+			continue;
+
+		if (wt->is_detached && !strcmp(symref, "HEAD")) {
+			if (is_worktree_being_rebased(wt, target)) {
+				existing = wt;
+				break;
+			}
+			if (is_worktree_being_bisected(wt, target)) {
+				existing = wt;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		refs = get_worktree_ref_store(wt);
+		symref_target = refs_resolve_ref_unsafe(refs, symref, 0,
+							NULL, &flags);
+		if ((flags & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
+		    symref_target && !strcmp(symref_target, target)) {
+			existing = wt;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return existing;
+}
+
+int submodule_uses_worktrees(const char *path)
+{
+	char *submodule_gitdir;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	DIR *dir;
+	struct dirent *d;
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct repository_format format;
+
+	submodule_gitdir = git_pathdup_submodule(path, "%s", "");
+	if (!submodule_gitdir)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* The env would be set for the superproject. */
+	get_common_dir_noenv(&sb, submodule_gitdir);
+	free(submodule_gitdir);
+
+	/*
+	 * The check below is only known to be good for repository format
+	 * version 0 at the time of writing this code.
+	 */
+	strbuf_addstr(&sb, "/config");
+	read_repository_format(&format, sb.buf);
+	if (format.version != 0) {
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/* Replace config by worktrees. */
+	strbuf_setlen(&sb, sb.len - strlen("config"));
+	strbuf_addstr(&sb, "worktrees");
+
+	/* See if there is any file inside the worktrees directory. */
+	dir = opendir(sb.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+	if (!dir)
+		return 0;
+
+	while ((d = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(d->d_name))
+			continue;
+
+		ret = 1;
+		break;
+	}
+	closedir(dir);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int other_head_refs(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct worktree **worktrees, **p;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	worktrees = get_worktrees(0);
+	for (p = worktrees; *p; p++) {
+		struct worktree *wt = *p;
+		struct ref_store *refs;
+
+		if (wt->is_current)
+			continue;
+
+		refs = get_worktree_ref_store(wt);
+		ret = refs_head_ref(refs, fn, cb_data);
+		if (ret)
+			break;
+	}
+	free_worktrees(worktrees);
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/worktree.h b/worktree.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..df3fc30f73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/worktree.h
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+#ifndef WORKTREE_H
+#define WORKTREE_H
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+
+struct strbuf;
+
+struct worktree {
+	char *path;
+	char *id;
+	char *head_ref;		/* NULL if HEAD is broken or detached */
+	char *lock_reason;	/* internal use */
+	struct object_id head_oid;
+	int is_detached;
+	int is_bare;
+	int is_current;
+	int lock_reason_valid;
+};
+
+/* Functions for acting on the information about worktrees. */
+
+#define GWT_SORT_LINKED (1 << 0) /* keeps linked worktrees sorted */
+
+/*
+ * Get the worktrees.  The primary worktree will always be the first returned,
+ * and linked worktrees will be pointed to by 'next' in each subsequent
+ * worktree.  No specific ordering is done on the linked worktrees.
+ *
+ * The caller is responsible for freeing the memory from the returned
+ * worktree(s).
+ */
+extern struct worktree **get_worktrees(unsigned flags);
+
+/*
+ * Returns 1 if linked worktrees exist, 0 otherwise.
+ */
+extern int submodule_uses_worktrees(const char *path);
+
+/*
+ * Return git dir of the worktree. Note that the path may be relative.
+ * If wt is NULL, git dir of current worktree is returned.
+ */
+extern const char *get_worktree_git_dir(const struct worktree *wt);
+
+/*
+ * Search a worktree that can be unambiguously identified by
+ * "arg". "prefix" must not be NULL.
+ */
+extern struct worktree *find_worktree(struct worktree **list,
+				      const char *prefix,
+				      const char *arg);
+
+/*
+ * Return true if the given worktree is the main one.
+ */
+extern int is_main_worktree(const struct worktree *wt);
+
+/*
+ * Return the reason string if the given worktree is locked or NULL
+ * otherwise.
+ */
+extern const char *is_worktree_locked(struct worktree *wt);
+
+#define WT_VALIDATE_WORKTREE_MISSING_OK (1 << 0)
+
+/*
+ * Return zero if the worktree is in good condition. Error message is
+ * returned if "errmsg" is not NULL.
+ */
+extern int validate_worktree(const struct worktree *wt,
+			     struct strbuf *errmsg,
+			     unsigned flags);
+
+/*
+ * Update worktrees/xxx/gitdir with the new path.
+ */
+extern void update_worktree_location(struct worktree *wt,
+				     const char *path_);
+
+/*
+ * Free up the memory for worktree(s)
+ */
+extern void free_worktrees(struct worktree **);
+
+/*
+ * Check if a per-worktree symref points to a ref in the main worktree
+ * or any linked worktree, and return the worktree that holds the ref,
+ * or NULL otherwise. The result may be destroyed by the next call.
+ */
+extern const struct worktree *find_shared_symref(const char *symref,
+						 const char *target);
+
+/*
+ * Similar to head_ref() for all HEADs _except_ one from the current
+ * worktree, which is covered by head_ref().
+ */
+int other_head_refs(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+
+int is_worktree_being_rebased(const struct worktree *wt, const char *target);
+int is_worktree_being_bisected(const struct worktree *wt, const char *target);
+
+/*
+ * Similar to git_path() but can produce paths for a specified
+ * worktree instead of current one
+ */
+extern const char *worktree_git_path(const struct worktree *wt,
+				     const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+
+#endif
diff --git a/wrap-for-bin.sh b/wrap-for-bin.sh
index 701d2339b9..95851b85b6 100644
--- a/wrap-for-bin.sh
+++ b/wrap-for-bin.sh
@@ -14,9 +14,23 @@ else
 	GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR='@@BUILD_DIR@@/templates/blt'
 	export GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR
 fi
-GITPERLLIB='@@BUILD_DIR@@/perl/blib/lib'"${GITPERLLIB:+:$GITPERLLIB}"
+GITPERLLIB='@@BUILD_DIR@@/perl/build/lib'"${GITPERLLIB:+:$GITPERLLIB}"
 GIT_TEXTDOMAINDIR='@@BUILD_DIR@@/po/build/locale'
 PATH='@@BUILD_DIR@@/bin-wrappers:'"$PATH"
+
 export GIT_EXEC_PATH GITPERLLIB PATH GIT_TEXTDOMAINDIR
 
-exec "${GIT_EXEC_PATH}/@@PROG@@" "$@"
+case "$GIT_DEBUGGER" in
+'')
+	exec "${GIT_EXEC_PATH}/@@PROG@@" "$@"
+	;;
+1)
+	unset GIT_DEBUGGER
+	exec gdb --args "${GIT_EXEC_PATH}/@@PROG@@" "$@"
+	;;
+*)
+	GIT_DEBUGGER_ARGS="$GIT_DEBUGGER"
+	unset GIT_DEBUGGER
+	exec ${GIT_DEBUGGER_ARGS} "${GIT_EXEC_PATH}/@@PROG@@" "$@"
+	;;
+esac
diff --git a/wrapper.c b/wrapper.c
index d5a6cef2be..e4fa9d84cd 100644
--- a/wrapper.c
+++ b/wrapper.c
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
  * Various trivial helper wrappers around standard functions
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
 
 static void do_nothing(size_t size)
 {
@@ -152,6 +153,9 @@ void *xcalloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size)
 {
 	void *ret;
 
+	if (unsigned_mult_overflows(nmemb, size))
+		die("data too large to fit into virtual memory space");
+
 	memory_limit_check(size * nmemb, 0);
 	ret = calloc(nmemb, size);
 	if (!ret && (!nmemb || !size))
@@ -189,6 +193,59 @@ void *xcalloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size)
 # endif
 #endif
 
+/**
+ * xopen() is the same as open(), but it die()s if the open() fails.
+ */
+int xopen(const char *path, int oflag, ...)
+{
+	mode_t mode = 0;
+	va_list ap;
+
+	/*
+	 * va_arg() will have undefined behavior if the specified type is not
+	 * compatible with the argument type. Since integers are promoted to
+	 * ints, we fetch the next argument as an int, and then cast it to a
+	 * mode_t to avoid undefined behavior.
+	 */
+	va_start(ap, oflag);
+	if (oflag & O_CREAT)
+		mode = va_arg(ap, int);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	for (;;) {
+		int fd = open(path, oflag, mode);
+		if (fd >= 0)
+			return fd;
+		if (errno == EINTR)
+			continue;
+
+		if ((oflag & O_RDWR) == O_RDWR)
+			die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading and writing"), path);
+		else if ((oflag & O_WRONLY) == O_WRONLY)
+			die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for writing"), path);
+		else
+			die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading"), path);
+	}
+}
+
+static int handle_nonblock(int fd, short poll_events, int err)
+{
+	struct pollfd pfd;
+
+	if (err != EAGAIN && err != EWOULDBLOCK)
+		return 0;
+
+	pfd.fd = fd;
+	pfd.events = poll_events;
+
+	/*
+	 * no need to check for errors, here;
+	 * a subsequent read/write will detect unrecoverable errors
+	 */
+	poll(&pfd, 1, -1);
+	return 1;
+}
+
 /*
  * xread() is the same a read(), but it automatically restarts read()
  * operations with a recoverable error (EAGAIN and EINTR). xread()
@@ -201,8 +258,12 @@ ssize_t xread(int fd, void *buf, size_t len)
 	    len = MAX_IO_SIZE;
 	while (1) {
 		nr = read(fd, buf, len);
-		if ((nr < 0) && (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR))
-			continue;
+		if (nr < 0) {
+			if (errno == EINTR)
+				continue;
+			if (handle_nonblock(fd, POLLIN, errno))
+				continue;
+		}
 		return nr;
 	}
 }
@@ -219,8 +280,13 @@ ssize_t xwrite(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len)
 	    len = MAX_IO_SIZE;
 	while (1) {
 		nr = write(fd, buf, len);
-		if ((nr < 0) && (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR))
-			continue;
+		if (nr < 0) {
+			if (errno == EINTR)
+				continue;
+			if (handle_nonblock(fd, POLLOUT, errno))
+				continue;
+		}
+
 		return nr;
 	}
 }
@@ -311,6 +377,27 @@ int xdup(int fd)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+/**
+ * xfopen() is the same as fopen(), but it die()s if the fopen() fails.
+ */
+FILE *xfopen(const char *path, const char *mode)
+{
+	for (;;) {
+		FILE *fp = fopen(path, mode);
+		if (fp)
+			return fp;
+		if (errno == EINTR)
+			continue;
+
+		if (*mode && mode[1] == '+')
+			die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading and writing"), path);
+		else if (*mode == 'w' || *mode == 'a')
+			die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for writing"), path);
+		else
+			die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading"), path);
+	}
+}
+
 FILE *xfdopen(int fd, const char *mode)
 {
 	FILE *stream = fdopen(fd, mode);
@@ -319,60 +406,65 @@ FILE *xfdopen(int fd, const char *mode)
 	return stream;
 }
 
-int xmkstemp(char *template)
+FILE *fopen_for_writing(const char *path)
 {
-	int fd;
-	char origtemplate[PATH_MAX];
-	strlcpy(origtemplate, template, sizeof(origtemplate));
-
-	fd = mkstemp(template);
-	if (fd < 0) {
-		int saved_errno = errno;
-		const char *nonrelative_template;
-
-		if (strlen(template) != strlen(origtemplate))
-			template = origtemplate;
+	FILE *ret = fopen(path, "w");
 
-		nonrelative_template = absolute_path(template);
-		errno = saved_errno;
-		die_errno("Unable to create temporary file '%s'",
-			nonrelative_template);
+	if (!ret && errno == EPERM) {
+		if (!unlink(path))
+			ret = fopen(path, "w");
+		else
+			errno = EPERM;
 	}
-	return fd;
+	return ret;
 }
 
-/* git_mkstemp() - create tmp file honoring TMPDIR variable */
-int git_mkstemp(char *path, size_t len, const char *template)
+static void warn_on_inaccessible(const char *path)
 {
-	const char *tmp;
-	size_t n;
+	warning_errno(_("unable to access '%s'"), path);
+}
 
-	tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
-	if (!tmp)
-		tmp = "/tmp";
-	n = snprintf(path, len, "%s/%s", tmp, template);
-	if (len <= n) {
-		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
+int warn_on_fopen_errors(const char *path)
+{
+	if (errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR) {
+		warn_on_inaccessible(path);
 		return -1;
 	}
-	return mkstemp(path);
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
-/* git_mkstemps() - create tmp file with suffix honoring TMPDIR variable. */
-int git_mkstemps(char *path, size_t len, const char *template, int suffix_len)
+FILE *fopen_or_warn(const char *path, const char *mode)
 {
-	const char *tmp;
-	size_t n;
+	FILE *fp = fopen(path, mode);
 
-	tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
-	if (!tmp)
-		tmp = "/tmp";
-	n = snprintf(path, len, "%s/%s", tmp, template);
-	if (len <= n) {
-		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
-		return -1;
+	if (fp)
+		return fp;
+
+	warn_on_fopen_errors(path);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+int xmkstemp(char *filename_template)
+{
+	int fd;
+	char origtemplate[PATH_MAX];
+	strlcpy(origtemplate, filename_template, sizeof(origtemplate));
+
+	fd = mkstemp(filename_template);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		int saved_errno = errno;
+		const char *nonrelative_template;
+
+		if (strlen(filename_template) != strlen(origtemplate))
+			filename_template = origtemplate;
+
+		nonrelative_template = absolute_path(filename_template);
+		errno = saved_errno;
+		die_errno("Unable to create temporary file '%s'",
+			nonrelative_template);
 	}
-	return mkstemps(path, suffix_len);
+	return fd;
 }
 
 /* Adapted from libiberty's mkstemp.c. */
@@ -389,7 +481,7 @@ int git_mkstemps_mode(char *pattern, int suffix_len, int mode)
 	static const int num_letters = 62;
 	uint64_t value;
 	struct timeval tv;
-	char *template;
+	char *filename_template;
 	size_t len;
 	int fd, count;
 
@@ -411,16 +503,16 @@ int git_mkstemps_mode(char *pattern, int suffix_len, int mode)
 	 */
 	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
 	value = ((size_t)(tv.tv_usec << 16)) ^ tv.tv_sec ^ getpid();
-	template = &pattern[len - 6 - suffix_len];
+	filename_template = &pattern[len - 6 - suffix_len];
 	for (count = 0; count < TMP_MAX; ++count) {
 		uint64_t v = value;
 		/* Fill in the random bits. */
-		template[0] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
-		template[1] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
-		template[2] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
-		template[3] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
-		template[4] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
-		template[5] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		filename_template[0] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		filename_template[1] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		filename_template[2] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		filename_template[3] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		filename_template[4] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		filename_template[5] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
 
 		fd = open(pattern, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_RDWR, mode);
 		if (fd >= 0)
@@ -449,28 +541,21 @@ int git_mkstemp_mode(char *pattern, int mode)
 	return git_mkstemps_mode(pattern, 0, mode);
 }
 
-#ifdef NO_MKSTEMPS
-int gitmkstemps(char *pattern, int suffix_len)
-{
-	return git_mkstemps_mode(pattern, suffix_len, 0600);
-}
-#endif
-
-int xmkstemp_mode(char *template, int mode)
+int xmkstemp_mode(char *filename_template, int mode)
 {
 	int fd;
 	char origtemplate[PATH_MAX];
-	strlcpy(origtemplate, template, sizeof(origtemplate));
+	strlcpy(origtemplate, filename_template, sizeof(origtemplate));
 
-	fd = git_mkstemp_mode(template, mode);
+	fd = git_mkstemp_mode(filename_template, mode);
 	if (fd < 0) {
 		int saved_errno = errno;
 		const char *nonrelative_template;
 
-		if (!template[0])
-			template = origtemplate;
+		if (!filename_template[0])
+			filename_template = origtemplate;
 
-		nonrelative_template = absolute_path(template);
+		nonrelative_template = absolute_path(filename_template);
 		errno = saved_errno;
 		die_errno("Unable to create temporary file '%s'",
 			nonrelative_template);
@@ -484,7 +569,7 @@ static int warn_if_unremovable(const char *op, const char *file, int rc)
 	if (!rc || errno == ENOENT)
 		return 0;
 	err = errno;
-	warning("unable to %s %s: %s", op, file, strerror(errno));
+	warning_errno("unable to %s '%s'", op, file);
 	errno = err;
 	return rc;
 }
@@ -498,7 +583,7 @@ int unlink_or_msg(const char *file, struct strbuf *err)
 	if (!rc || errno == ENOENT)
 		return 0;
 
-	strbuf_addf(err, "unable to unlink %s: %s",
+	strbuf_addf(err, "unable to unlink '%s': %s",
 		    file, strerror(errno));
 	return -1;
 }
@@ -518,15 +603,10 @@ int remove_or_warn(unsigned int mode, const char *file)
 	return S_ISGITLINK(mode) ? rmdir_or_warn(file) : unlink_or_warn(file);
 }
 
-void warn_on_inaccessible(const char *path)
-{
-	warning(_("unable to access '%s': %s"), path, strerror(errno));
-}
-
 static int access_error_is_ok(int err, unsigned flag)
 {
-	return err == ENOENT || err == ENOTDIR ||
-		((flag & ACCESS_EACCES_OK) && err == EACCES);
+	return (is_missing_file_error(err) ||
+		((flag & ACCESS_EACCES_OK) && err == EACCES));
 }
 
 int access_or_warn(const char *path, int mode, unsigned flag)
@@ -545,18 +625,6 @@ int access_or_die(const char *path, int mode, unsigned flag)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-struct passwd *xgetpwuid_self(void)
-{
-	struct passwd *pw;
-
-	errno = 0;
-	pw = getpwuid(getuid());
-	if (!pw)
-		die(_("unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"),
-		    errno ? strerror(errno) : _("no such user"));
-	return pw;
-}
-
 char *xgetcwd(void)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -564,3 +632,61 @@ char *xgetcwd(void)
 		die_errno(_("unable to get current working directory"));
 	return strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
 }
+
+int xsnprintf(char *dst, size_t max, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	int len;
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	len = vsnprintf(dst, max, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	if (len < 0)
+		BUG("your snprintf is broken");
+	if (len >= max)
+		BUG("attempt to snprintf into too-small buffer");
+	return len;
+}
+
+void write_file_buf(const char *path, const char *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	int fd = xopen(path, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
+	if (write_in_full(fd, buf, len) < 0)
+		die_errno(_("could not write to '%s'"), path);
+	if (close(fd))
+		die_errno(_("could not close '%s'"), path);
+}
+
+void write_file(const char *path, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list params;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	va_start(params, fmt);
+	strbuf_vaddf(&sb, fmt, params);
+	va_end(params);
+
+	strbuf_complete_line(&sb);
+
+	write_file_buf(path, sb.buf, sb.len);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+void sleep_millisec(int millisec)
+{
+	poll(NULL, 0, millisec);
+}
+
+int xgethostname(char *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	/*
+	 * If the full hostname doesn't fit in buf, POSIX does not
+	 * specify whether the buffer will be null-terminated, so to
+	 * be safe, do it ourselves.
+	 */
+	int ret = gethostname(buf, len);
+	if (!ret)
+		buf[len - 1] = 0;
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/write_or_die.c b/write-or-die.c
index e7afe7a295..eab8c8d0b9 100644
--- a/write_or_die.c
+++ b/write-or-die.c
@@ -1,14 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
-
-static void check_pipe(int err)
-{
-	if (err == EPIPE) {
-		signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);
-		raise(SIGPIPE);
-		/* Should never happen, but just in case... */
-		exit(141);
-	}
-}
+#include "run-command.h"
 
 /*
  * Some cases use stdio, but want to flush after the write
@@ -78,26 +69,3 @@ void write_or_die(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
 		die_errno("write error");
 	}
 }
-
-int write_or_whine_pipe(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count, const char *msg)
-{
-	if (write_in_full(fd, buf, count) < 0) {
-		check_pipe(errno);
-		fprintf(stderr, "%s: write error (%s)\n",
-			msg, strerror(errno));
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	return 1;
-}
-
-int write_or_whine(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count, const char *msg)
-{
-	if (write_in_full(fd, buf, count) < 0) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "%s: write error (%s)\n",
-			msg, strerror(errno));
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	return 1;
-}
diff --git a/ws.c b/ws.c
index ea4b2b1dfd..5b67b426e7 100644
--- a/ws.c
+++ b/ws.c
@@ -71,24 +71,17 @@ unsigned parse_whitespace_rule(const char *string)
 	return rule;
 }
 
-static void setup_whitespace_attr_check(struct git_attr_check *check)
-{
-	static struct git_attr *attr_whitespace;
-
-	if (!attr_whitespace)
-		attr_whitespace = git_attr("whitespace");
-	check[0].attr = attr_whitespace;
-}
-
 unsigned whitespace_rule(const char *pathname)
 {
-	struct git_attr_check attr_whitespace_rule;
+	static struct attr_check *attr_whitespace_rule;
+
+	if (!attr_whitespace_rule)
+		attr_whitespace_rule = attr_check_initl("whitespace", NULL);
 
-	setup_whitespace_attr_check(&attr_whitespace_rule);
-	if (!git_check_attr(pathname, 1, &attr_whitespace_rule)) {
+	if (!git_check_attr(&the_index, pathname, attr_whitespace_rule)) {
 		const char *value;
 
-		value = attr_whitespace_rule.value;
+		value = attr_whitespace_rule->items[0].value;
 		if (ATTR_TRUE(value)) {
 			/* true (whitespace) */
 			unsigned all_rule = ws_tab_width(whitespace_rule_cfg);
diff --git a/wt-status.c b/wt-status.c
index 422dc0e70c..5ffab61015 100644
--- a/wt-status.c
+++ b/wt-status.c
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "pathspec.h"
 #include "wt-status.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "dir.h"
@@ -16,6 +15,8 @@
 #include "column.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
+#include "worktree.h"
+#include "lockfile.h"
 
 static const char cut_line[] =
 "------------------------ >8 ------------------------\n";
@@ -120,15 +121,13 @@ static void status_printf_more(struct wt_status *s, const char *color,
 
 void wt_status_prepare(struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-
 	memset(s, 0, sizeof(*s));
 	memcpy(s->color_palette, default_wt_status_colors,
 	       sizeof(default_wt_status_colors));
 	s->show_untracked_files = SHOW_NORMAL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
 	s->use_color = -1;
 	s->relative_paths = 1;
-	s->branch = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, sha1, NULL);
+	s->branch = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, NULL, NULL);
 	s->reference = "HEAD";
 	s->fp = stdout;
 	s->index_file = get_index_file();
@@ -136,10 +135,15 @@ void wt_status_prepare(struct wt_status *s)
 	s->untracked.strdup_strings = 1;
 	s->ignored.strdup_strings = 1;
 	s->show_branch = -1;  /* unspecified */
+	s->show_stash = 0;
+	s->ahead_behind_flags = AHEAD_BEHIND_UNSPECIFIED;
 	s->display_comment_prefix = 0;
+	s->detect_rename = -1;
+	s->rename_score = -1;
+	s->rename_limit = -1;
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_unmerged_header(struct wt_status *s)
+static void wt_longstatus_print_unmerged_header(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	int i;
 	int del_mod_conflict = 0;
@@ -191,7 +195,7 @@ static void wt_status_print_unmerged_header(struct wt_status *s)
 	status_printf_ln(s, c, "%s", "");
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_cached_header(struct wt_status *s)
+static void wt_longstatus_print_cached_header(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 
@@ -207,9 +211,9 @@ static void wt_status_print_cached_header(struct wt_status *s)
 	status_printf_ln(s, c, "%s", "");
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_dirty_header(struct wt_status *s,
-					 int has_deleted,
-					 int has_dirty_submodules)
+static void wt_longstatus_print_dirty_header(struct wt_status *s,
+					     int has_deleted,
+					     int has_dirty_submodules)
 {
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 
@@ -226,9 +230,9 @@ static void wt_status_print_dirty_header(struct wt_status *s,
 	status_printf_ln(s, c, "%s", "");
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_other_header(struct wt_status *s,
-					 const char *what,
-					 const char *how)
+static void wt_longstatus_print_other_header(struct wt_status *s,
+					     const char *what,
+					     const char *how)
 {
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 	status_printf_ln(s, c, "%s:", what);
@@ -238,7 +242,7 @@ static void wt_status_print_other_header(struct wt_status *s,
 	status_printf_ln(s, c, "%s", "");
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_trailer(struct wt_status *s)
+static void wt_longstatus_print_trailer(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	status_printf_ln(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "%s", "");
 }
@@ -263,7 +267,7 @@ static const char *wt_status_unmerged_status_string(int stagemask)
 	case 7:
 		return _("both modified:");
 	default:
-		die(_("bug: unhandled unmerged status %x"), stagemask);
+		BUG("unhandled unmerged status %x", stagemask);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -304,8 +308,8 @@ static int maxwidth(const char *(*label)(int), int minval, int maxval)
 	return result;
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_unmerged_data(struct wt_status *s,
-					  struct string_list_item *it)
+static void wt_longstatus_print_unmerged_data(struct wt_status *s,
+					      struct string_list_item *it)
 {
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_UNMERGED, s);
 	struct wt_status_change_data *d = it->util;
@@ -331,9 +335,9 @@ static void wt_status_print_unmerged_data(struct wt_status *s,
 	strbuf_release(&onebuf);
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_change_data(struct wt_status *s,
-					int change_type,
-					struct string_list_item *it)
+static void wt_longstatus_print_change_data(struct wt_status *s,
+					    int change_type,
+					    struct string_list_item *it)
 {
 	struct wt_status_change_data *d = it->util;
 	const char *c = color(change_type, s);
@@ -360,38 +364,44 @@ static void wt_status_print_change_data(struct wt_status *s,
 	switch (change_type) {
 	case WT_STATUS_UPDATED:
 		status = d->index_status;
-		if (d->head_path)
-			one_name = d->head_path;
 		break;
 	case WT_STATUS_CHANGED:
 		if (d->new_submodule_commits || d->dirty_submodule) {
 			strbuf_addstr(&extra, " (");
 			if (d->new_submodule_commits)
-				strbuf_addf(&extra, _("new commits, "));
+				strbuf_addstr(&extra, _("new commits, "));
 			if (d->dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED)
-				strbuf_addf(&extra, _("modified content, "));
+				strbuf_addstr(&extra, _("modified content, "));
 			if (d->dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED)
-				strbuf_addf(&extra, _("untracked content, "));
+				strbuf_addstr(&extra, _("untracked content, "));
 			strbuf_setlen(&extra, extra.len - 2);
 			strbuf_addch(&extra, ')');
 		}
 		status = d->worktree_status;
 		break;
 	default:
-		die("BUG: unhandled change_type %d in wt_status_print_change_data",
+		BUG("unhandled change_type %d in wt_longstatus_print_change_data",
 		    change_type);
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * Only pick up the rename it's relevant. If the rename is for
+	 * the changed section and we're printing the updated section,
+	 * ignore it.
+	 */
+	if (d->rename_status == status)
+		one_name = d->rename_source;
+
 	one = quote_path(one_name, s->prefix, &onebuf);
 	two = quote_path(two_name, s->prefix, &twobuf);
 
 	status_printf(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "\t");
 	what = wt_status_diff_status_string(status);
 	if (!what)
-		die(_("bug: unhandled diff status %c"), status);
+		BUG("unhandled diff status %c", status);
 	len = label_width - utf8_strwidth(what);
 	assert(len >= 0);
-	if (status == DIFF_STATUS_COPIED || status == DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED)
+	if (one_name != two_name)
 		status_printf_more(s, c, "%s%.*s%s -> %s",
 				   what, len, padding, one, two);
 	else
@@ -406,6 +416,17 @@ static void wt_status_print_change_data(struct wt_status *s,
 	strbuf_release(&twobuf);
 }
 
+static char short_submodule_status(struct wt_status_change_data *d)
+{
+	if (d->new_submodule_commits)
+		return 'M';
+	if (d->dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED)
+		return 'm';
+	if (d->dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED)
+		return '?';
+	return d->worktree_status;
+}
+
 static void wt_status_collect_changed_cb(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 					 struct diff_options *options,
 					 void *data)
@@ -422,7 +443,7 @@ static void wt_status_collect_changed_cb(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 		struct wt_status_change_data *d;
 
 		p = q->queue[i];
-		it = string_list_insert(&s->change, p->one->path);
+		it = string_list_insert(&s->change, p->two->path);
 		d = it->util;
 		if (!d) {
 			d = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*d));
@@ -430,9 +451,46 @@ static void wt_status_collect_changed_cb(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 		}
 		if (!d->worktree_status)
 			d->worktree_status = p->status;
-		d->dirty_submodule = p->two->dirty_submodule;
-		if (S_ISGITLINK(p->two->mode))
-			d->new_submodule_commits = !!hashcmp(p->one->sha1, p->two->sha1);
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(p->two->mode)) {
+			d->dirty_submodule = p->two->dirty_submodule;
+			d->new_submodule_commits = !!oidcmp(&p->one->oid,
+							    &p->two->oid);
+			if (s->status_format == STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT)
+				d->worktree_status = short_submodule_status(d);
+		}
+
+		switch (p->status) {
+		case DIFF_STATUS_ADDED:
+			d->mode_worktree = p->two->mode;
+			break;
+
+		case DIFF_STATUS_DELETED:
+			d->mode_index = p->one->mode;
+			oidcpy(&d->oid_index, &p->one->oid);
+			/* mode_worktree is zero for a delete. */
+			break;
+
+		case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
+		case DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED:
+			if (d->rename_status)
+				BUG("multiple renames on the same target? how?");
+			d->rename_source = xstrdup(p->one->path);
+			d->rename_score = p->score * 100 / MAX_SCORE;
+			d->rename_status = p->status;
+			/* fallthru */
+		case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
+		case DIFF_STATUS_TYPE_CHANGED:
+		case DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED:
+			d->mode_index = p->one->mode;
+			d->mode_worktree = p->two->mode;
+			oidcpy(&d->oid_index, &p->one->oid);
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			BUG("unhandled diff-files status '%c'", p->status);
+			break;
+		}
+
 	}
 }
 
@@ -478,12 +536,43 @@ static void wt_status_collect_updated_cb(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 		if (!d->index_status)
 			d->index_status = p->status;
 		switch (p->status) {
+		case DIFF_STATUS_ADDED:
+			/* Leave {mode,oid}_head zero for an add. */
+			d->mode_index = p->two->mode;
+			oidcpy(&d->oid_index, &p->two->oid);
+			break;
+		case DIFF_STATUS_DELETED:
+			d->mode_head = p->one->mode;
+			oidcpy(&d->oid_head, &p->one->oid);
+			/* Leave {mode,oid}_index zero for a delete. */
+			break;
+
 		case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
 		case DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED:
-			d->head_path = xstrdup(p->one->path);
+			if (d->rename_status)
+				BUG("multiple renames on the same target? how?");
+			d->rename_source = xstrdup(p->one->path);
+			d->rename_score = p->score * 100 / MAX_SCORE;
+			d->rename_status = p->status;
+			/* fallthru */
+		case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
+		case DIFF_STATUS_TYPE_CHANGED:
+			d->mode_head = p->one->mode;
+			d->mode_index = p->two->mode;
+			oidcpy(&d->oid_head, &p->one->oid);
+			oidcpy(&d->oid_index, &p->two->oid);
 			break;
 		case DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED:
 			d->stagemask = unmerged_mask(p->two->path);
+			/*
+			 * Don't bother setting {mode,oid}_{head,index} since the print
+			 * code will output the stage values directly and not use the
+			 * values in these fields.
+			 */
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			BUG("unhandled diff-index status '%c'", p->status);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
@@ -496,15 +585,19 @@ static void wt_status_collect_changes_worktree(struct wt_status *s)
 	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
 	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
 	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, DIRTY_SUBMODULES);
+	rev.diffopt.flags.dirty_submodules = 1;
+	rev.diffopt.ita_invisible_in_index = 1;
 	if (!s->show_untracked_files)
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, IGNORE_UNTRACKED_IN_SUBMODULES);
+		rev.diffopt.flags.ignore_untracked_in_submodules = 1;
 	if (s->ignore_submodule_arg) {
-		DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, OVERRIDE_SUBMODULE_CONFIG);
+		rev.diffopt.flags.override_submodule_config = 1;
 		handle_ignore_submodules_arg(&rev.diffopt, s->ignore_submodule_arg);
 	}
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback = wt_status_collect_changed_cb;
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = s;
+	rev.diffopt.detect_rename = s->detect_rename >= 0 ? s->detect_rename : rev.diffopt.detect_rename;
+	rev.diffopt.rename_limit = s->rename_limit >= 0 ? s->rename_limit : rev.diffopt.rename_limit;
+	rev.diffopt.rename_score = s->rename_score >= 0 ? s->rename_score : rev.diffopt.rename_score;
 	copy_pathspec(&rev.prune_data, &s->pathspec);
 	run_diff_files(&rev, 0);
 }
@@ -516,10 +609,11 @@ static void wt_status_collect_changes_index(struct wt_status *s)
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
 	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
-	opt.def = s->is_initial ? EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX : s->reference;
+	opt.def = s->is_initial ? empty_tree_oid_hex() : s->reference;
 	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, &opt);
 
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, OVERRIDE_SUBMODULE_CONFIG);
+	rev.diffopt.flags.override_submodule_config = 1;
+	rev.diffopt.ita_invisible_in_index = 1;
 	if (s->ignore_submodule_arg) {
 		handle_ignore_submodules_arg(&rev.diffopt, s->ignore_submodule_arg);
 	} else {
@@ -537,9 +631,9 @@ static void wt_status_collect_changes_index(struct wt_status *s)
 	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback = wt_status_collect_updated_cb;
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = s;
-	rev.diffopt.detect_rename = 1;
-	rev.diffopt.rename_limit = 200;
-	rev.diffopt.break_opt = 0;
+	rev.diffopt.detect_rename = s->detect_rename >= 0 ? s->detect_rename : rev.diffopt.detect_rename;
+	rev.diffopt.rename_limit = s->rename_limit >= 0 ? s->rename_limit : rev.diffopt.rename_limit;
+	rev.diffopt.rename_score = s->rename_score >= 0 ? s->rename_score : rev.diffopt.rename_score;
 	copy_pathspec(&rev.prune_data, &s->pathspec);
 	run_diff_index(&rev, 1);
 }
@@ -553,7 +647,9 @@ static void wt_status_collect_changes_initial(struct wt_status *s)
 		struct wt_status_change_data *d;
 		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 
-		if (!ce_path_match(ce, &s->pathspec, NULL))
+		if (!ce_path_match(&the_index, ce, &s->pathspec, NULL))
+			continue;
+		if (ce_intent_to_add(ce))
 			continue;
 		it = string_list_insert(&s->change, ce->name);
 		d = it->util;
@@ -564,9 +660,17 @@ static void wt_status_collect_changes_initial(struct wt_status *s)
 		if (ce_stage(ce)) {
 			d->index_status = DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED;
 			d->stagemask |= (1 << (ce_stage(ce) - 1));
-		}
-		else
+			/*
+			 * Don't bother setting {mode,oid}_{head,index} since the print
+			 * code will output the stage values directly and not use the
+			 * values in these fields.
+			 */
+		} else {
 			d->index_status = DIFF_STATUS_ADDED;
+			/* Leave {mode,oid}_head zero for adds. */
+			d->mode_index = ce->ce_mode;
+			oidcpy(&d->oid_index, &ce->oid);
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -583,16 +687,23 @@ static void wt_status_collect_untracked(struct wt_status *s)
 	if (s->show_untracked_files != SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES)
 		dir.flags |=
 			DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES | DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES;
-	if (s->show_ignored_files)
+	if (s->show_ignored_mode) {
 		dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO;
+
+		if (s->show_ignored_mode == SHOW_MATCHING_IGNORED)
+			dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO_MODE_MATCHING;
+	} else {
+		dir.untracked = the_index.untracked;
+	}
+
 	setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
 
-	fill_directory(&dir, &s->pathspec);
+	fill_directory(&dir, &the_index, &s->pathspec);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++) {
 		struct dir_entry *ent = dir.entries[i];
 		if (cache_name_is_other(ent->name, ent->len) &&
-		    dir_path_match(ent, &s->pathspec, 0, NULL))
+		    dir_path_match(&the_index, ent, &s->pathspec, 0, NULL))
 			string_list_insert(&s->untracked, ent->name);
 		free(ent);
 	}
@@ -600,7 +711,7 @@ static void wt_status_collect_untracked(struct wt_status *s)
 	for (i = 0; i < dir.ignored_nr; i++) {
 		struct dir_entry *ent = dir.ignored[i];
 		if (cache_name_is_other(ent->name, ent->len) &&
-		    dir_path_match(ent, &s->pathspec, 0, NULL))
+		    dir_path_match(&the_index, ent, &s->pathspec, 0, NULL))
 			string_list_insert(&s->ignored, ent->name);
 		free(ent);
 	}
@@ -624,7 +735,7 @@ void wt_status_collect(struct wt_status *s)
 	wt_status_collect_untracked(s);
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_unmerged(struct wt_status *s)
+static void wt_longstatus_print_unmerged(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	int shown_header = 0;
 	int i;
@@ -637,17 +748,17 @@ static void wt_status_print_unmerged(struct wt_status *s)
 		if (!d->stagemask)
 			continue;
 		if (!shown_header) {
-			wt_status_print_unmerged_header(s);
+			wt_longstatus_print_unmerged_header(s);
 			shown_header = 1;
 		}
-		wt_status_print_unmerged_data(s, it);
+		wt_longstatus_print_unmerged_data(s, it);
 	}
 	if (shown_header)
-		wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+		wt_longstatus_print_trailer(s);
 
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_updated(struct wt_status *s)
+static void wt_longstatus_print_updated(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	int shown_header = 0;
 	int i;
@@ -661,14 +772,14 @@ static void wt_status_print_updated(struct wt_status *s)
 		    d->index_status == DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED)
 			continue;
 		if (!shown_header) {
-			wt_status_print_cached_header(s);
+			wt_longstatus_print_cached_header(s);
 			s->commitable = 1;
 			shown_header = 1;
 		}
-		wt_status_print_change_data(s, WT_STATUS_UPDATED, it);
+		wt_longstatus_print_change_data(s, WT_STATUS_UPDATED, it);
 	}
 	if (shown_header)
-		wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+		wt_longstatus_print_trailer(s);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -700,7 +811,7 @@ static int wt_status_check_worktree_changes(struct wt_status *s,
 	return changes;
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_changed(struct wt_status *s)
+static void wt_longstatus_print_changed(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	int i, dirty_submodules;
 	int worktree_changes = wt_status_check_worktree_changes(s, &dirty_submodules);
@@ -708,7 +819,7 @@ static void wt_status_print_changed(struct wt_status *s)
 	if (!worktree_changes)
 		return;
 
-	wt_status_print_dirty_header(s, worktree_changes < 0, dirty_submodules);
+	wt_longstatus_print_dirty_header(s, worktree_changes < 0, dirty_submodules);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < s->change.nr; i++) {
 		struct wt_status_change_data *d;
@@ -718,18 +829,38 @@ static void wt_status_print_changed(struct wt_status *s)
 		if (!d->worktree_status ||
 		    d->worktree_status == DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED)
 			continue;
-		wt_status_print_change_data(s, WT_STATUS_CHANGED, it);
+		wt_longstatus_print_change_data(s, WT_STATUS_CHANGED, it);
 	}
-	wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+	wt_longstatus_print_trailer(s);
+}
+
+static int stash_count_refs(struct object_id *ooid, struct object_id *noid,
+			    const char *email, timestamp_t timestamp, int tz,
+			    const char *message, void *cb_data)
+{
+	int *c = cb_data;
+	(*c)++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void wt_longstatus_print_stash_summary(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	int stash_count = 0;
+
+	for_each_reflog_ent("refs/stash", stash_count_refs, &stash_count);
+	if (stash_count > 0)
+		status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+				 Q_("Your stash currently has %d entry",
+				    "Your stash currently has %d entries", stash_count),
+				 stash_count);
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_submodule_summary(struct wt_status *s, int uncommitted)
+static void wt_longstatus_print_submodule_summary(struct wt_status *s, int uncommitted)
 {
 	struct child_process sm_summary = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 	struct strbuf cmd_stdout = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf summary = STRBUF_INIT;
 	char *summary_content;
-	size_t len;
 
 	argv_array_pushf(&sm_summary.env_array, "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s",
 			 s->index_file);
@@ -745,15 +876,11 @@ static void wt_status_print_submodule_summary(struct wt_status *s, int uncommitt
 
 	sm_summary.git_cmd = 1;
 	sm_summary.no_stdin = 1;
-	fflush(s->fp);
-	sm_summary.out = -1;
-
-	run_command(&sm_summary);
 
-	len = strbuf_read(&cmd_stdout, sm_summary.out, 1024);
+	capture_command(&sm_summary, &cmd_stdout, 1024);
 
 	/* prepend header, only if there's an actual output */
-	if (len) {
+	if (cmd_stdout.len) {
 		if (uncommitted)
 			strbuf_addstr(&summary, _("Submodules changed but not updated:"));
 		else
@@ -764,6 +891,7 @@ static void wt_status_print_submodule_summary(struct wt_status *s, int uncommitt
 	strbuf_release(&cmd_stdout);
 
 	if (s->display_comment_prefix) {
+		size_t len;
 		summary_content = strbuf_detach(&summary, &len);
 		strbuf_add_commented_lines(&summary, summary_content, len);
 		free(summary_content);
@@ -773,10 +901,10 @@ static void wt_status_print_submodule_summary(struct wt_status *s, int uncommitt
 	strbuf_release(&summary);
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_other(struct wt_status *s,
-				  struct string_list *l,
-				  const char *what,
-				  const char *how)
+static void wt_longstatus_print_other(struct wt_status *s,
+				      struct string_list *l,
+				      const char *what,
+				      const char *how)
 {
 	int i;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -786,7 +914,7 @@ static void wt_status_print_other(struct wt_status *s,
 	if (!l->nr)
 		return;
 
-	wt_status_print_other_header(s, what, how);
+	wt_longstatus_print_other_header(s, what, how);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < l->nr; i++) {
 		struct string_list_item *it;
@@ -822,21 +950,23 @@ conclude:
 	status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, "%s", "");
 }
 
-void wt_status_truncate_message_at_cut_line(struct strbuf *buf)
+size_t wt_status_locate_end(const char *s, size_t len)
 {
 	const char *p;
 	struct strbuf pattern = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	strbuf_addf(&pattern, "%c %s", comment_line_char, cut_line);
-	p = strstr(buf->buf, pattern.buf);
-	if (p && (p == buf->buf || p[-1] == '\n'))
-		strbuf_setlen(buf, p - buf->buf);
+	strbuf_addf(&pattern, "\n%c %s", comment_line_char, cut_line);
+	if (starts_with(s, pattern.buf + 1))
+		len = 0;
+	else if ((p = strstr(s, pattern.buf)))
+		len = p - s + 1;
 	strbuf_release(&pattern);
+	return len;
 }
 
 void wt_status_add_cut_line(FILE *fp)
 {
-	const char *explanation = _("Do not touch the line above.\nEverything below will be removed.");
+	const char *explanation = _("Do not modify or remove the line above.\nEverything below it will be ignored.");
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	fprintf(fp, "%c %s", comment_line_char, cut_line);
@@ -845,7 +975,7 @@ void wt_status_add_cut_line(FILE *fp)
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_verbose(struct wt_status *s)
+static void wt_longstatus_print_verbose(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	struct setup_revision_opt opt;
@@ -853,14 +983,17 @@ static void wt_status_print_verbose(struct wt_status *s)
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
+	rev.diffopt.flags.allow_textconv = 1;
+	rev.diffopt.ita_invisible_in_index = 1;
 
 	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
-	opt.def = s->is_initial ? EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX : s->reference;
+	opt.def = s->is_initial ? empty_tree_oid_hex() : s->reference;
 	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, &opt);
 
 	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
-	rev.diffopt.detect_rename = 1;
+	rev.diffopt.detect_rename = s->detect_rename >= 0 ? s->detect_rename : rev.diffopt.detect_rename;
+	rev.diffopt.rename_limit = s->rename_limit >= 0 ? s->rename_limit : rev.diffopt.rename_limit;
+	rev.diffopt.rename_score = s->rename_score >= 0 ? s->rename_score : rev.diffopt.rename_score;
 	rev.diffopt.file = s->fp;
 	rev.diffopt.close_file = 0;
 	/*
@@ -878,7 +1011,7 @@ static void wt_status_print_verbose(struct wt_status *s)
 	if (s->verbose > 1 && s->commitable) {
 		/* print_updated() printed a header, so do we */
 		if (s->fp != stdout)
-			wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+			wt_longstatus_print_trailer(s);
 		status_printf_ln(s, c, _("Changes to be committed:"));
 		rev.diffopt.a_prefix = "c/";
 		rev.diffopt.b_prefix = "i/";
@@ -896,19 +1029,19 @@ static void wt_status_print_verbose(struct wt_status *s)
 	}
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_tracking(struct wt_status *s)
+static void wt_longstatus_print_tracking(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *cp, *ep;
+	const char *cp, *ep, *branch_name;
 	struct branch *branch;
 	char comment_line_string[3];
 	int i;
 
 	assert(s->branch && !s->is_initial);
-	if (!starts_with(s->branch, "refs/heads/"))
+	if (!skip_prefix(s->branch, "refs/heads/", &branch_name))
 		return;
-	branch = branch_get(s->branch + 11);
-	if (!format_tracking_info(branch, &sb))
+	branch = branch_get(branch_name);
+	if (!format_tracking_info(branch, &sb, s->ahead_behind_flags))
 		return;
 
 	i = 0;
@@ -926,7 +1059,8 @@ static void wt_status_print_tracking(struct wt_status *s)
 		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "%c",
 				 comment_line_char);
 	else
-		fputs("", s->fp);
+		fputs("\n", s->fp);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
 static int has_unmerged(struct wt_status *s)
@@ -948,17 +1082,21 @@ static void show_merge_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
 {
 	if (has_unmerged(s)) {
 		status_printf_ln(s, color, _("You have unmerged paths."));
-		if (s->hints)
+		if (s->hints) {
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+					 _("  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"));
 			status_printf_ln(s, color,
-				_("  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"));
+					 _("  (use \"git merge --abort\" to abort the merge)"));
+		}
 	} else {
+		s-> commitable = 1;
 		status_printf_ln(s, color,
 			_("All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."));
 		if (s->hints)
 			status_printf_ln(s, color,
 				_("  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"));
 	}
-	wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+	wt_longstatus_print_trailer(s);
 }
 
 static void show_am_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
@@ -979,18 +1117,19 @@ static void show_am_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
 		status_printf_ln(s, color,
 			_("  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"));
 	}
-	wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+	wt_longstatus_print_trailer(s);
 }
 
 static char *read_line_from_git_path(const char *filename)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	FILE *fp = fopen(git_path("%s", filename), "r");
+	FILE *fp = fopen_or_warn(git_path("%s", filename), "r");
+
 	if (!fp) {
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 		return NULL;
 	}
-	strbuf_getline(&buf, fp, '\n');
+	strbuf_getline_lf(&buf, fp);
 	if (!fclose(fp)) {
 		return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 	} else {
@@ -1002,47 +1141,174 @@ static char *read_line_from_git_path(const char *filename)
 static int split_commit_in_progress(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	int split_in_progress = 0;
-	char *head = read_line_from_git_path("HEAD");
-	char *orig_head = read_line_from_git_path("ORIG_HEAD");
-	char *rebase_amend = read_line_from_git_path("rebase-merge/amend");
-	char *rebase_orig_head = read_line_from_git_path("rebase-merge/orig-head");
+	char *head, *orig_head, *rebase_amend, *rebase_orig_head;
 
-	if (!head || !orig_head || !rebase_amend || !rebase_orig_head ||
+	if ((!s->amend && !s->nowarn && !s->workdir_dirty) ||
 	    !s->branch || strcmp(s->branch, "HEAD"))
-		return split_in_progress;
+		return 0;
 
-	if (!strcmp(rebase_amend, rebase_orig_head)) {
-		if (strcmp(head, rebase_amend))
-			split_in_progress = 1;
-	} else if (strcmp(orig_head, rebase_orig_head)) {
-		split_in_progress = 1;
-	}
+	head = read_line_from_git_path("HEAD");
+	orig_head = read_line_from_git_path("ORIG_HEAD");
+	rebase_amend = read_line_from_git_path("rebase-merge/amend");
+	rebase_orig_head = read_line_from_git_path("rebase-merge/orig-head");
 
-	if (!s->amend && !s->nowarn && !s->workdir_dirty)
-		split_in_progress = 0;
+	if (!head || !orig_head || !rebase_amend || !rebase_orig_head)
+		; /* fall through, no split in progress */
+	else if (!strcmp(rebase_amend, rebase_orig_head))
+		split_in_progress = !!strcmp(head, rebase_amend);
+	else if (strcmp(orig_head, rebase_orig_head))
+		split_in_progress = 1;
 
 	free(head);
 	free(orig_head);
 	free(rebase_amend);
 	free(rebase_orig_head);
+
 	return split_in_progress;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Turn
+ * "pick d6a2f0303e897ec257dd0e0a39a5ccb709bc2047 some message"
+ * into
+ * "pick d6a2f03 some message"
+ *
+ * The function assumes that the line does not contain useless spaces
+ * before or after the command.
+ */
+static void abbrev_sha1_in_line(struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	struct strbuf **split;
+	int i;
+
+	if (starts_with(line->buf, "exec ") ||
+	    starts_with(line->buf, "x "))
+		return;
+
+	split = strbuf_split_max(line, ' ', 3);
+	if (split[0] && split[1]) {
+		struct object_id oid;
+
+		/*
+		 * strbuf_split_max left a space. Trim it and re-add
+		 * it after abbreviation.
+		 */
+		strbuf_trim(split[1]);
+		if (!get_oid(split[1]->buf, &oid)) {
+			strbuf_reset(split[1]);
+			strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(split[1], &oid,
+						 DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+			strbuf_addch(split[1], ' ');
+			strbuf_reset(line);
+			for (i = 0; split[i]; i++)
+				strbuf_addbuf(line, split[i]);
+		}
+	}
+	strbuf_list_free(split);
+}
+
+static int read_rebase_todolist(const char *fname, struct string_list *lines)
+{
+	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *f = fopen(git_path("%s", fname), "r");
+
+	if (!f) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT)
+			return -1;
+		die_errno("Could not open file %s for reading",
+			  git_path("%s", fname));
+	}
+	while (!strbuf_getline_lf(&line, f)) {
+		if (line.len && line.buf[0] == comment_line_char)
+			continue;
+		strbuf_trim(&line);
+		if (!line.len)
+			continue;
+		abbrev_sha1_in_line(&line);
+		string_list_append(lines, line.buf);
+	}
+	fclose(f);
+	strbuf_release(&line);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void show_rebase_information(struct wt_status *s,
+					struct wt_status_state *state,
+					const char *color)
+{
+	if (state->rebase_interactive_in_progress) {
+		int i;
+		int nr_lines_to_show = 2;
+
+		struct string_list have_done = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+		struct string_list yet_to_do = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+
+		read_rebase_todolist("rebase-merge/done", &have_done);
+		if (read_rebase_todolist("rebase-merge/git-rebase-todo",
+					 &yet_to_do))
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				_("git-rebase-todo is missing."));
+		if (have_done.nr == 0)
+			status_printf_ln(s, color, _("No commands done."));
+		else {
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				Q_("Last command done (%d command done):",
+					"Last commands done (%d commands done):",
+					have_done.nr),
+				have_done.nr);
+			for (i = (have_done.nr > nr_lines_to_show)
+				? have_done.nr - nr_lines_to_show : 0;
+				i < have_done.nr;
+				i++)
+				status_printf_ln(s, color, "   %s", have_done.items[i].string);
+			if (have_done.nr > nr_lines_to_show && s->hints)
+				status_printf_ln(s, color,
+					_("  (see more in file %s)"), git_path("rebase-merge/done"));
+		}
+
+		if (yet_to_do.nr == 0)
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+					 _("No commands remaining."));
+		else {
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				Q_("Next command to do (%d remaining command):",
+					"Next commands to do (%d remaining commands):",
+					yet_to_do.nr),
+				yet_to_do.nr);
+			for (i = 0; i < nr_lines_to_show && i < yet_to_do.nr; i++)
+				status_printf_ln(s, color, "   %s", yet_to_do.items[i].string);
+			if (s->hints)
+				status_printf_ln(s, color,
+					_("  (use \"git rebase --edit-todo\" to view and edit)"));
+		}
+		string_list_clear(&yet_to_do, 0);
+		string_list_clear(&have_done, 0);
+	}
+}
+
+static void print_rebase_state(struct wt_status *s,
+				struct wt_status_state *state,
+				const char *color)
+{
+	if (state->branch)
+		status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				 _("You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."),
+				 state->branch,
+				 state->onto);
+	else
+		status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				 _("You are currently rebasing."));
+}
+
 static void show_rebase_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
 				struct wt_status_state *state,
 				const char *color)
 {
 	struct stat st;
 
+	show_rebase_information(s, state, color);
 	if (has_unmerged(s)) {
-		if (state->branch)
-			status_printf_ln(s, color,
-					 _("You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."),
-					 state->branch,
-					 state->onto);
-		else
-			status_printf_ln(s, color,
-					 _("You are currently rebasing."));
+		print_rebase_state(s, state, color);
 		if (s->hints) {
 			status_printf_ln(s, color,
 				_("  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"));
@@ -1051,15 +1317,8 @@ static void show_rebase_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
 			status_printf_ln(s, color,
 				_("  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"));
 		}
-	} else if (state->rebase_in_progress || !stat(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), &st)) {
-		if (state->branch)
-			status_printf_ln(s, color,
-					 _("You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."),
-					 state->branch,
-					 state->onto);
-		else
-			status_printf_ln(s, color,
-					 _("You are currently rebasing."));
+	} else if (state->rebase_in_progress || !stat(git_path_merge_msg(the_repository), &st)) {
+		print_rebase_state(s, state, color);
 		if (s->hints)
 			status_printf_ln(s, color,
 				_("  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"));
@@ -1091,7 +1350,7 @@ static void show_rebase_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
 				_("  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"));
 		}
 	}
-	wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+	wt_longstatus_print_trailer(s);
 }
 
 static void show_cherry_pick_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
@@ -1099,7 +1358,7 @@ static void show_cherry_pick_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
 					const char *color)
 {
 	status_printf_ln(s, color, _("You are currently cherry-picking commit %s."),
-			find_unique_abbrev(state->cherry_pick_head_sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+			find_unique_abbrev(&state->cherry_pick_head_oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 	if (s->hints) {
 		if (has_unmerged(s))
 			status_printf_ln(s, color,
@@ -1110,7 +1369,7 @@ static void show_cherry_pick_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
 		status_printf_ln(s, color,
 			_("  (use \"git cherry-pick --abort\" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)"));
 	}
-	wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+	wt_longstatus_print_trailer(s);
 }
 
 static void show_revert_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
@@ -1118,7 +1377,7 @@ static void show_revert_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
 					const char *color)
 {
 	status_printf_ln(s, color, _("You are currently reverting commit %s."),
-			 find_unique_abbrev(state->revert_head_sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+			 find_unique_abbrev(&state->revert_head_oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 	if (s->hints) {
 		if (has_unmerged(s))
 			status_printf_ln(s, color,
@@ -1129,7 +1388,7 @@ static void show_revert_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
 		status_printf_ln(s, color,
 			_("  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"));
 	}
-	wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+	wt_longstatus_print_trailer(s);
 }
 
 static void show_bisect_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
@@ -1146,33 +1405,32 @@ static void show_bisect_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
 	if (s->hints)
 		status_printf_ln(s, color,
 			_("  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"));
-	wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+	wt_longstatus_print_trailer(s);
 }
 
 /*
  * Extract branch information from rebase/bisect
  */
-static char *read_and_strip_branch(const char *path)
+static char *get_branch(const struct worktree *wt, const char *path)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
+	const char *branch_name;
 
-	if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("%s", path), 0) <= 0)
+	if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, worktree_git_path(wt, "%s", path), 0) <= 0)
 		goto got_nothing;
 
 	while (sb.len && sb.buf[sb.len - 1] == '\n')
 		strbuf_setlen(&sb, sb.len - 1);
 	if (!sb.len)
 		goto got_nothing;
-	if (starts_with(sb.buf, "refs/heads/"))
-		strbuf_remove(&sb,0, strlen("refs/heads/"));
+	if (skip_prefix(sb.buf, "refs/heads/", &branch_name))
+		strbuf_remove(&sb, 0, branch_name - sb.buf);
 	else if (starts_with(sb.buf, "refs/"))
 		;
-	else if (!get_sha1_hex(sb.buf, sha1)) {
-		const char *abbrev;
-		abbrev = find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+	else if (!get_oid_hex(sb.buf, &oid)) {
 		strbuf_reset(&sb);
-		strbuf_addstr(&sb, abbrev);
+		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&sb, &oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
 	} else if (!strcmp(sb.buf, "detached HEAD")) /* rebase */
 		goto got_nothing;
 	else			/* bisect */
@@ -1186,28 +1444,31 @@ got_nothing:
 
 struct grab_1st_switch_cbdata {
 	struct strbuf buf;
-	unsigned char nsha1[20];
+	struct object_id noid;
 };
 
-static int grab_1st_switch(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
-			   const char *email, unsigned long timestamp, int tz,
+static int grab_1st_switch(struct object_id *ooid, struct object_id *noid,
+			   const char *email, timestamp_t timestamp, int tz,
 			   const char *message, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct grab_1st_switch_cbdata *cb = cb_data;
 	const char *target = NULL, *end;
 
-	if (!starts_with(message, "checkout: moving from "))
+	if (!skip_prefix(message, "checkout: moving from ", &message))
 		return 0;
-	message += strlen("checkout: moving from ");
 	target = strstr(message, " to ");
 	if (!target)
 		return 0;
 	target += strlen(" to ");
 	strbuf_reset(&cb->buf);
-	hashcpy(cb->nsha1, nsha1);
-	for (end = target; *end && *end != '\n'; end++)
-		;
+	oidcpy(&cb->noid, noid);
+	end = strchrnul(target, '\n');
 	strbuf_add(&cb->buf, target, end - target);
+	if (!strcmp(cb->buf.buf, "HEAD")) {
+		/* HEAD is relative. Resolve it to the right reflog entry. */
+		strbuf_reset(&cb->buf);
+		strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&cb->buf, noid, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+	}
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -1215,7 +1476,7 @@ static void wt_status_get_detached_from(struct wt_status_state *state)
 {
 	struct grab_1st_switch_cbdata cb;
 	struct commit *commit;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct object_id oid;
 	char *ref = NULL;
 
 	strbuf_init(&cb.buf, 0);
@@ -1224,75 +1485,95 @@ static void wt_status_get_detached_from(struct wt_status_state *state)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (dwim_ref(cb.buf.buf, cb.buf.len, sha1, &ref) == 1 &&
+	if (dwim_ref(cb.buf.buf, cb.buf.len, &oid, &ref) == 1 &&
 	    /* sha1 is a commit? match without further lookup */
-	    (!hashcmp(cb.nsha1, sha1) ||
+	    (!oidcmp(&cb.noid, &oid) ||
 	     /* perhaps sha1 is a tag, try to dereference to a commit */
-	     ((commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1)) != NULL &&
-	      !hashcmp(cb.nsha1, commit->object.sha1)))) {
-		int ofs;
-		if (starts_with(ref, "refs/tags/"))
-			ofs = strlen("refs/tags/");
-		else if (starts_with(ref, "refs/remotes/"))
-			ofs = strlen("refs/remotes/");
-		else
-			ofs = 0;
-		state->detached_from = xstrdup(ref + ofs);
+	     ((commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, &oid, 1)) != NULL &&
+	      !oidcmp(&cb.noid, &commit->object.oid)))) {
+		const char *from = ref;
+		if (!skip_prefix(from, "refs/tags/", &from))
+			skip_prefix(from, "refs/remotes/", &from);
+		state->detached_from = xstrdup(from);
 	} else
 		state->detached_from =
-			xstrdup(find_unique_abbrev(cb.nsha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-	hashcpy(state->detached_sha1, cb.nsha1);
+			xstrdup(find_unique_abbrev(&cb.noid, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+	oidcpy(&state->detached_oid, &cb.noid);
+	state->detached_at = !get_oid("HEAD", &oid) &&
+			     !oidcmp(&oid, &state->detached_oid);
 
 	free(ref);
 	strbuf_release(&cb.buf);
 }
 
-void wt_status_get_state(struct wt_status_state *state,
-			 int get_detached_from)
+int wt_status_check_rebase(const struct worktree *wt,
+			   struct wt_status_state *state)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
-	if (!stat(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), &st)) {
-		state->merge_in_progress = 1;
-	} else if (!stat(git_path("rebase-apply"), &st)) {
-		if (!stat(git_path("rebase-apply/applying"), &st)) {
+	if (!stat(worktree_git_path(wt, "rebase-apply"), &st)) {
+		if (!stat(worktree_git_path(wt, "rebase-apply/applying"), &st)) {
 			state->am_in_progress = 1;
-			if (!stat(git_path("rebase-apply/patch"), &st) && !st.st_size)
+			if (!stat(worktree_git_path(wt, "rebase-apply/patch"), &st) && !st.st_size)
 				state->am_empty_patch = 1;
 		} else {
 			state->rebase_in_progress = 1;
-			state->branch = read_and_strip_branch("rebase-apply/head-name");
-			state->onto = read_and_strip_branch("rebase-apply/onto");
+			state->branch = get_branch(wt, "rebase-apply/head-name");
+			state->onto = get_branch(wt, "rebase-apply/onto");
 		}
-	} else if (!stat(git_path("rebase-merge"), &st)) {
-		if (!stat(git_path("rebase-merge/interactive"), &st))
+	} else if (!stat(worktree_git_path(wt, "rebase-merge"), &st)) {
+		if (!stat(worktree_git_path(wt, "rebase-merge/interactive"), &st))
 			state->rebase_interactive_in_progress = 1;
 		else
 			state->rebase_in_progress = 1;
-		state->branch = read_and_strip_branch("rebase-merge/head-name");
-		state->onto = read_and_strip_branch("rebase-merge/onto");
-	} else if (!stat(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"), &st) &&
-			!get_sha1("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD", sha1)) {
-		state->cherry_pick_in_progress = 1;
-		hashcpy(state->cherry_pick_head_sha1, sha1);
-	}
-	if (!stat(git_path("BISECT_LOG"), &st)) {
+		state->branch = get_branch(wt, "rebase-merge/head-name");
+		state->onto = get_branch(wt, "rebase-merge/onto");
+	} else
+		return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int wt_status_check_bisect(const struct worktree *wt,
+			   struct wt_status_state *state)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+
+	if (!stat(worktree_git_path(wt, "BISECT_LOG"), &st)) {
 		state->bisect_in_progress = 1;
-		state->branch = read_and_strip_branch("BISECT_START");
+		state->branch = get_branch(wt, "BISECT_START");
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void wt_status_get_state(struct wt_status_state *state,
+			 int get_detached_from)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	struct object_id oid;
+
+	if (!stat(git_path_merge_head(the_repository), &st)) {
+		state->merge_in_progress = 1;
+	} else if (wt_status_check_rebase(NULL, state)) {
+		;		/* all set */
+	} else if (!stat(git_path_cherry_pick_head(the_repository), &st) &&
+			!get_oid("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD", &oid)) {
+		state->cherry_pick_in_progress = 1;
+		oidcpy(&state->cherry_pick_head_oid, &oid);
 	}
-	if (!stat(git_path("REVERT_HEAD"), &st) &&
-	    !get_sha1("REVERT_HEAD", sha1)) {
+	wt_status_check_bisect(NULL, state);
+	if (!stat(git_path_revert_head(the_repository), &st) &&
+	    !get_oid("REVERT_HEAD", &oid)) {
 		state->revert_in_progress = 1;
-		hashcpy(state->revert_head_sha1, sha1);
+		oidcpy(&state->revert_head_oid, &oid);
 	}
 
 	if (get_detached_from)
 		wt_status_get_detached_from(state);
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_state(struct wt_status *s,
-				  struct wt_status_state *state)
+static void wt_longstatus_print_state(struct wt_status *s,
+				      struct wt_status_state *state)
 {
 	const char *state_color = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 	if (state->merge_in_progress)
@@ -1309,7 +1590,7 @@ static void wt_status_print_state(struct wt_status *s,
 		show_bisect_in_progress(s, state, state_color);
 }
 
-void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
+static void wt_longstatus_print(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	const char *branch_color = color(WT_STATUS_ONBRANCH, s);
 	const char *branch_status_color = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
@@ -1322,18 +1603,17 @@ void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
 	if (s->branch) {
 		const char *on_what = _("On branch ");
 		const char *branch_name = s->branch;
-		if (starts_with(branch_name, "refs/heads/"))
-			branch_name += 11;
-		else if (!strcmp(branch_name, "HEAD")) {
+		if (!strcmp(branch_name, "HEAD")) {
 			branch_status_color = color(WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH, s);
 			if (state.rebase_in_progress || state.rebase_interactive_in_progress) {
-				on_what = _("rebase in progress; onto ");
+				if (state.rebase_interactive_in_progress)
+					on_what = _("interactive rebase in progress; onto ");
+				else
+					on_what = _("rebase in progress; onto ");
 				branch_name = state.onto;
 			} else if (state.detached_from) {
-				unsigned char sha1[20];
 				branch_name = state.detached_from;
-				if (!get_sha1("HEAD", sha1) &&
-				    !hashcmp(sha1, state.detached_sha1))
+				if (state.detached_at)
 					on_what = _("HEAD detached at ");
 				else
 					on_what = _("HEAD detached from ");
@@ -1341,38 +1621,42 @@ void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
 				branch_name = "";
 				on_what = _("Not currently on any branch.");
 			}
-		}
+		} else
+			skip_prefix(branch_name, "refs/heads/", &branch_name);
 		status_printf(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "%s", "");
 		status_printf_more(s, branch_status_color, "%s", on_what);
 		status_printf_more(s, branch_color, "%s\n", branch_name);
 		if (!s->is_initial)
-			wt_status_print_tracking(s);
+			wt_longstatus_print_tracking(s);
 	}
 
-	wt_status_print_state(s, &state);
+	wt_longstatus_print_state(s, &state);
 	free(state.branch);
 	free(state.onto);
 	free(state.detached_from);
 
 	if (s->is_initial) {
 		status_printf_ln(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "%s", "");
-		status_printf_ln(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), _("Initial commit"));
+		status_printf_ln(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s),
+				 s->commit_template
+				 ? _("Initial commit")
+				 : _("No commits yet"));
 		status_printf_ln(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "%s", "");
 	}
 
-	wt_status_print_updated(s);
-	wt_status_print_unmerged(s);
-	wt_status_print_changed(s);
+	wt_longstatus_print_updated(s);
+	wt_longstatus_print_unmerged(s);
+	wt_longstatus_print_changed(s);
 	if (s->submodule_summary &&
 	    (!s->ignore_submodule_arg ||
 	     strcmp(s->ignore_submodule_arg, "all"))) {
-		wt_status_print_submodule_summary(s, 0);  /* staged */
-		wt_status_print_submodule_summary(s, 1);  /* unstaged */
+		wt_longstatus_print_submodule_summary(s, 0);  /* staged */
+		wt_longstatus_print_submodule_summary(s, 1);  /* unstaged */
 	}
 	if (s->show_untracked_files) {
-		wt_status_print_other(s, &s->untracked, _("Untracked files"), "add");
-		if (s->show_ignored_files)
-			wt_status_print_other(s, &s->ignored, _("Ignored files"), "add -f");
+		wt_longstatus_print_other(s, &s->untracked, _("Untracked files"), "add");
+		if (s->show_ignored_mode)
+			wt_longstatus_print_other(s, &s->ignored, _("Ignored files"), "add -f");
 		if (advice_status_u_option && 2000 < s->untracked_in_ms) {
 			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, "%s", "");
 			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
@@ -1387,7 +1671,7 @@ void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
 			? _(" (use -u option to show untracked files)") : "");
 
 	if (s->verbose)
-		wt_status_print_verbose(s);
+		wt_longstatus_print_verbose(s);
 	if (!s->commitable) {
 		if (s->amend)
 			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, _("No changes"));
@@ -1417,8 +1701,10 @@ void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
 			else
 				printf(_("nothing to commit\n"));
 		} else
-			printf(_("nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"));
+			printf(_("nothing to commit, working tree clean\n"));
 	}
+	if(s->show_stash)
+		wt_longstatus_print_stash_summary(s);
 }
 
 static void wt_shortstatus_unmerged(struct string_list_item *it,
@@ -1464,13 +1750,14 @@ static void wt_shortstatus_status(struct string_list_item *it,
 	putchar(' ');
 	if (s->null_termination) {
 		fprintf(stdout, "%s%c", it->string, 0);
-		if (d->head_path)
-			fprintf(stdout, "%s%c", d->head_path, 0);
+		if (d->rename_source)
+			fprintf(stdout, "%s%c", d->rename_source, 0);
 	} else {
 		struct strbuf onebuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		const char *one;
-		if (d->head_path) {
-			one = quote_path(d->head_path, s->prefix, &onebuf);
+
+		if (d->rename_source) {
+			one = quote_path(d->rename_source, s->prefix, &onebuf);
 			if (*one != '"' && strchr(one, ' ') != NULL) {
 				putchar('"');
 				strbuf_addch(&onebuf, '"');
@@ -1513,8 +1800,9 @@ static void wt_shortstatus_print_tracking(struct wt_status *s)
 	const char *branch_color_remote = color(WT_STATUS_REMOTE_BRANCH, s);
 
 	const char *base;
+	char *short_base;
 	const char *branch_name;
-	int num_ours, num_theirs;
+	int num_ours, num_theirs, sti;
 	int upstream_is_gone = 0;
 
 	color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "## ");
@@ -1523,98 +1811,86 @@ static void wt_shortstatus_print_tracking(struct wt_status *s)
 		return;
 	branch_name = s->branch;
 
-	if (starts_with(branch_name, "refs/heads/"))
-		branch_name += 11;
-	else if (!strcmp(branch_name, "HEAD")) {
-		branch_name = _("HEAD (no branch)");
-		branch_color_local = color(WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH, s);
-	}
+#define LABEL(string) (s->no_gettext ? (string) : _(string))
 
-	branch = branch_get(s->branch + 11);
 	if (s->is_initial)
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, _("Initial commit on "));
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, LABEL(N_("No commits yet on ")));
+
+	if (!strcmp(s->branch, "HEAD")) {
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH, s), "%s",
+			      LABEL(N_("HEAD (no branch)")));
+		goto conclude;
+	}
+
+	skip_prefix(branch_name, "refs/heads/", &branch_name);
+
+	branch = branch_get(branch_name);
 
 	color_fprintf(s->fp, branch_color_local, "%s", branch_name);
 
-	switch (stat_tracking_info(branch, &num_ours, &num_theirs)) {
-	case 0:
-		/* no base */
-		fputc(s->null_termination ? '\0' : '\n', s->fp);
-		return;
-	case -1:
-		/* with "gone" base */
+	sti = stat_tracking_info(branch, &num_ours, &num_theirs, &base,
+				 s->ahead_behind_flags);
+	if (sti < 0) {
+		if (!base)
+			goto conclude;
+
 		upstream_is_gone = 1;
-		break;
-	default:
-		/* with base */
-		break;
 	}
 
-	base = branch->merge[0]->dst;
-	base = shorten_unambiguous_ref(base, 0);
+	short_base = shorten_unambiguous_ref(base, 0);
 	color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, "...");
-	color_fprintf(s->fp, branch_color_remote, "%s", base);
+	color_fprintf(s->fp, branch_color_remote, "%s", short_base);
+	free(short_base);
 
-	if (!upstream_is_gone && !num_ours && !num_theirs) {
-		fputc(s->null_termination ? '\0' : '\n', s->fp);
-		return;
-	}
-
-#define LABEL(string) (s->no_gettext ? (string) : _(string))
+	if (!upstream_is_gone && !sti)
+		goto conclude;
 
 	color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, " [");
 	if (upstream_is_gone) {
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, LABEL(N_("gone")));
+	} else if (s->ahead_behind_flags == AHEAD_BEHIND_QUICK) {
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, LABEL(N_("different")));
 	} else if (!num_ours) {
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, LABEL(N_("behind ")));
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, branch_color_remote, "%d", num_theirs);
 	} else if (!num_theirs) {
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, LABEL(N_(("ahead "))));
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, LABEL(N_("ahead ")));
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, branch_color_local, "%d", num_ours);
 	} else {
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, LABEL(N_(("ahead "))));
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, LABEL(N_("ahead ")));
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, branch_color_local, "%d", num_ours);
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, ", %s", LABEL(N_("behind ")));
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, branch_color_remote, "%d", num_theirs);
 	}
 
 	color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, "]");
+ conclude:
 	fputc(s->null_termination ? '\0' : '\n', s->fp);
 }
 
-void wt_shortstatus_print(struct wt_status *s)
+static void wt_shortstatus_print(struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	int i;
+	struct string_list_item *it;
 
 	if (s->show_branch)
 		wt_shortstatus_print_tracking(s);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < s->change.nr; i++) {
-		struct wt_status_change_data *d;
-		struct string_list_item *it;
+	for_each_string_list_item(it, &s->change) {
+		struct wt_status_change_data *d = it->util;
 
-		it = &(s->change.items[i]);
-		d = it->util;
 		if (d->stagemask)
 			wt_shortstatus_unmerged(it, s);
 		else
 			wt_shortstatus_status(it, s);
 	}
-	for (i = 0; i < s->untracked.nr; i++) {
-		struct string_list_item *it;
-
-		it = &(s->untracked.items[i]);
+	for_each_string_list_item(it, &s->untracked)
 		wt_shortstatus_other(it, s, "??");
-	}
-	for (i = 0; i < s->ignored.nr; i++) {
-		struct string_list_item *it;
 
-		it = &(s->ignored.items[i]);
+	for_each_string_list_item(it, &s->ignored)
 		wt_shortstatus_other(it, s, "!!");
-	}
 }
 
-void wt_porcelain_print(struct wt_status *s)
+static void wt_porcelain_print(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	s->use_color = 0;
 	s->relative_paths = 0;
@@ -1622,3 +1898,500 @@ void wt_porcelain_print(struct wt_status *s)
 	s->no_gettext = 1;
 	wt_shortstatus_print(s);
 }
+
+/*
+ * Print branch information for porcelain v2 output.  These lines
+ * are printed when the '--branch' parameter is given.
+ *
+ *    # branch.oid <commit><eol>
+ *    # branch.head <head><eol>
+ *   [# branch.upstream <upstream><eol>
+ *   [# branch.ab +<ahead> -<behind><eol>]]
+ *
+ *      <commit> ::= the current commit hash or the the literal
+ *                   "(initial)" to indicate an initialized repo
+ *                   with no commits.
+ *
+ *        <head> ::= <branch_name> the current branch name or
+ *                   "(detached)" literal when detached head or
+ *                   "(unknown)" when something is wrong.
+ *
+ *    <upstream> ::= the upstream branch name, when set.
+ *
+ *       <ahead> ::= integer ahead value or '?'.
+ *
+ *      <behind> ::= integer behind value or '?'.
+ *
+ * The end-of-line is defined by the -z flag.
+ *
+ *                 <eol> ::= NUL when -z,
+ *                           LF when NOT -z.
+ *
+ * When an upstream is set and present, the 'branch.ab' line will
+ * be printed with the ahead/behind counts for the branch and the
+ * upstream.  When AHEAD_BEHIND_QUICK is requested and the branches
+ * are different, '?' will be substituted for the actual count.
+ */
+static void wt_porcelain_v2_print_tracking(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	struct branch *branch;
+	const char *base;
+	const char *branch_name;
+	struct wt_status_state state;
+	int ab_info, nr_ahead, nr_behind;
+	char eol = s->null_termination ? '\0' : '\n';
+
+	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
+	wt_status_get_state(&state, s->branch && !strcmp(s->branch, "HEAD"));
+
+	fprintf(s->fp, "# branch.oid %s%c",
+			(s->is_initial ? "(initial)" : sha1_to_hex(s->sha1_commit)),
+			eol);
+
+	if (!s->branch)
+		fprintf(s->fp, "# branch.head %s%c", "(unknown)", eol);
+	else {
+		if (!strcmp(s->branch, "HEAD")) {
+			fprintf(s->fp, "# branch.head %s%c", "(detached)", eol);
+
+			if (state.rebase_in_progress || state.rebase_interactive_in_progress)
+				branch_name = state.onto;
+			else if (state.detached_from)
+				branch_name = state.detached_from;
+			else
+				branch_name = "";
+		} else {
+			branch_name = NULL;
+			skip_prefix(s->branch, "refs/heads/", &branch_name);
+
+			fprintf(s->fp, "# branch.head %s%c", branch_name, eol);
+		}
+
+		/* Lookup stats on the upstream tracking branch, if set. */
+		branch = branch_get(branch_name);
+		base = NULL;
+		ab_info = stat_tracking_info(branch, &nr_ahead, &nr_behind,
+					     &base, s->ahead_behind_flags);
+		if (base) {
+			base = shorten_unambiguous_ref(base, 0);
+			fprintf(s->fp, "# branch.upstream %s%c", base, eol);
+			free((char *)base);
+
+			if (ab_info > 0) {
+				/* different */
+				if (nr_ahead || nr_behind)
+					fprintf(s->fp, "# branch.ab +%d -%d%c",
+						nr_ahead, nr_behind, eol);
+				else
+					fprintf(s->fp, "# branch.ab +? -?%c",
+						eol);
+			} else if (!ab_info) {
+				/* same */
+				fprintf(s->fp, "# branch.ab +0 -0%c", eol);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	free(state.branch);
+	free(state.onto);
+	free(state.detached_from);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert various submodule status values into a
+ * fixed-length string of characters in the buffer provided.
+ */
+static void wt_porcelain_v2_submodule_state(
+	struct wt_status_change_data *d,
+	char sub[5])
+{
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(d->mode_head) ||
+		S_ISGITLINK(d->mode_index) ||
+		S_ISGITLINK(d->mode_worktree)) {
+		sub[0] = 'S';
+		sub[1] = d->new_submodule_commits ? 'C' : '.';
+		sub[2] = (d->dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED) ? 'M' : '.';
+		sub[3] = (d->dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED) ? 'U' : '.';
+	} else {
+		sub[0] = 'N';
+		sub[1] = '.';
+		sub[2] = '.';
+		sub[3] = '.';
+	}
+	sub[4] = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Fix-up changed entries before we print them.
+ */
+static void wt_porcelain_v2_fix_up_changed(
+	struct string_list_item *it,
+	struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	struct wt_status_change_data *d = it->util;
+
+	if (!d->index_status) {
+		/*
+		 * This entry is unchanged in the index (relative to the head).
+		 * Therefore, the collect_updated_cb was never called for this
+		 * entry (during the head-vs-index scan) and so the head column
+		 * fields were never set.
+		 *
+		 * We must have data for the index column (from the
+		 * index-vs-worktree scan (otherwise, this entry should not be
+		 * in the list of changes)).
+		 *
+		 * Copy index column fields to the head column, so that our
+		 * output looks complete.
+		 */
+		assert(d->mode_head == 0);
+		d->mode_head = d->mode_index;
+		oidcpy(&d->oid_head, &d->oid_index);
+	}
+
+	if (!d->worktree_status) {
+		/*
+		 * This entry is unchanged in the worktree (relative to the index).
+		 * Therefore, the collect_changed_cb was never called for this entry
+		 * (during the index-vs-worktree scan) and so the worktree column
+		 * fields were never set.
+		 *
+		 * We must have data for the index column (from the head-vs-index
+		 * scan).
+		 *
+		 * Copy the index column fields to the worktree column so that
+		 * our output looks complete.
+		 *
+		 * Note that we only have a mode field in the worktree column
+		 * because the scan code tries really hard to not have to compute it.
+		 */
+		assert(d->mode_worktree == 0);
+		d->mode_worktree = d->mode_index;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Print porcelain v2 info for tracked entries with changes.
+ */
+static void wt_porcelain_v2_print_changed_entry(
+	struct string_list_item *it,
+	struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	struct wt_status_change_data *d = it->util;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf buf_from = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *path = NULL;
+	const char *path_from = NULL;
+	char key[3];
+	char submodule_token[5];
+	char sep_char, eol_char;
+
+	wt_porcelain_v2_fix_up_changed(it, s);
+	wt_porcelain_v2_submodule_state(d, submodule_token);
+
+	key[0] = d->index_status ? d->index_status : '.';
+	key[1] = d->worktree_status ? d->worktree_status : '.';
+	key[2] = 0;
+
+	if (s->null_termination) {
+		/*
+		 * In -z mode, we DO NOT C-quote pathnames.  Current path is ALWAYS first.
+		 * A single NUL character separates them.
+		 */
+		sep_char = '\0';
+		eol_char = '\0';
+		path = it->string;
+		path_from = d->rename_source;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Path(s) are C-quoted if necessary. Current path is ALWAYS first.
+		 * The source path is only present when necessary.
+		 * A single TAB separates them (because paths can contain spaces
+		 * which are not escaped and C-quoting does escape TAB characters).
+		 */
+		sep_char = '\t';
+		eol_char = '\n';
+		path = quote_path(it->string, s->prefix, &buf);
+		if (d->rename_source)
+			path_from = quote_path(d->rename_source, s->prefix, &buf_from);
+	}
+
+	if (path_from)
+		fprintf(s->fp, "2 %s %s %06o %06o %06o %s %s %c%d %s%c%s%c",
+				key, submodule_token,
+				d->mode_head, d->mode_index, d->mode_worktree,
+				oid_to_hex(&d->oid_head), oid_to_hex(&d->oid_index),
+				d->rename_status, d->rename_score,
+				path, sep_char, path_from, eol_char);
+	else
+		fprintf(s->fp, "1 %s %s %06o %06o %06o %s %s %s%c",
+				key, submodule_token,
+				d->mode_head, d->mode_index, d->mode_worktree,
+				oid_to_hex(&d->oid_head), oid_to_hex(&d->oid_index),
+				path, eol_char);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf_from);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Print porcelain v2 status info for unmerged entries.
+ */
+static void wt_porcelain_v2_print_unmerged_entry(
+	struct string_list_item *it,
+	struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	struct wt_status_change_data *d = it->util;
+	const struct cache_entry *ce;
+	struct strbuf buf_index = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *path_index = NULL;
+	int pos, stage, sum;
+	struct {
+		int mode;
+		struct object_id oid;
+	} stages[3];
+	char *key;
+	char submodule_token[5];
+	char unmerged_prefix = 'u';
+	char eol_char = s->null_termination ? '\0' : '\n';
+
+	wt_porcelain_v2_submodule_state(d, submodule_token);
+
+	switch (d->stagemask) {
+	case 1: key = "DD"; break; /* both deleted */
+	case 2: key = "AU"; break; /* added by us */
+	case 3: key = "UD"; break; /* deleted by them */
+	case 4: key = "UA"; break; /* added by them */
+	case 5: key = "DU"; break; /* deleted by us */
+	case 6: key = "AA"; break; /* both added */
+	case 7: key = "UU"; break; /* both modified */
+	default:
+		BUG("unhandled unmerged status %x", d->stagemask);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Disregard d.aux.porcelain_v2 data that we accumulated
+	 * for the head and index columns during the scans and
+	 * replace with the actual stage data.
+	 *
+	 * Note that this is a last-one-wins for each the individual
+	 * stage [123] columns in the event of multiple cache entries
+	 * for same stage.
+	 */
+	memset(stages, 0, sizeof(stages));
+	sum = 0;
+	pos = cache_name_pos(it->string, strlen(it->string));
+	assert(pos < 0);
+	pos = -pos-1;
+	while (pos < active_nr) {
+		ce = active_cache[pos++];
+		stage = ce_stage(ce);
+		if (strcmp(ce->name, it->string) || !stage)
+			break;
+		stages[stage - 1].mode = ce->ce_mode;
+		oidcpy(&stages[stage - 1].oid, &ce->oid);
+		sum |= (1 << (stage - 1));
+	}
+	if (sum != d->stagemask)
+		BUG("observed stagemask 0x%x != expected stagemask 0x%x", sum, d->stagemask);
+
+	if (s->null_termination)
+		path_index = it->string;
+	else
+		path_index = quote_path(it->string, s->prefix, &buf_index);
+
+	fprintf(s->fp, "%c %s %s %06o %06o %06o %06o %s %s %s %s%c",
+			unmerged_prefix, key, submodule_token,
+			stages[0].mode, /* stage 1 */
+			stages[1].mode, /* stage 2 */
+			stages[2].mode, /* stage 3 */
+			d->mode_worktree,
+			oid_to_hex(&stages[0].oid), /* stage 1 */
+			oid_to_hex(&stages[1].oid), /* stage 2 */
+			oid_to_hex(&stages[2].oid), /* stage 3 */
+			path_index,
+			eol_char);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf_index);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Print porcelain V2 status info for untracked and ignored entries.
+ */
+static void wt_porcelain_v2_print_other(
+	struct string_list_item *it,
+	struct wt_status *s,
+	char prefix)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *path;
+	char eol_char;
+
+	if (s->null_termination) {
+		path = it->string;
+		eol_char = '\0';
+	} else {
+		path = quote_path(it->string, s->prefix, &buf);
+		eol_char = '\n';
+	}
+
+	fprintf(s->fp, "%c %s%c", prefix, path, eol_char);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Print porcelain V2 status.
+ *
+ * [<v2_branch>]
+ * [<v2_changed_items>]*
+ * [<v2_unmerged_items>]*
+ * [<v2_untracked_items>]*
+ * [<v2_ignored_items>]*
+ *
+ */
+static void wt_porcelain_v2_print(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	struct wt_status_change_data *d;
+	struct string_list_item *it;
+	int i;
+
+	if (s->show_branch)
+		wt_porcelain_v2_print_tracking(s);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < s->change.nr; i++) {
+		it = &(s->change.items[i]);
+		d = it->util;
+		if (!d->stagemask)
+			wt_porcelain_v2_print_changed_entry(it, s);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < s->change.nr; i++) {
+		it = &(s->change.items[i]);
+		d = it->util;
+		if (d->stagemask)
+			wt_porcelain_v2_print_unmerged_entry(it, s);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < s->untracked.nr; i++) {
+		it = &(s->untracked.items[i]);
+		wt_porcelain_v2_print_other(it, s, '?');
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < s->ignored.nr; i++) {
+		it = &(s->ignored.items[i]);
+		wt_porcelain_v2_print_other(it, s, '!');
+	}
+}
+
+void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	switch (s->status_format) {
+	case STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT:
+		wt_shortstatus_print(s);
+		break;
+	case STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN:
+		wt_porcelain_print(s);
+		break;
+	case STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN_V2:
+		wt_porcelain_v2_print(s);
+		break;
+	case STATUS_FORMAT_UNSPECIFIED:
+		BUG("finalize_deferred_config() should have been called");
+		break;
+	case STATUS_FORMAT_NONE:
+	case STATUS_FORMAT_LONG:
+		wt_longstatus_print(s);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns 1 if there are unstaged changes, 0 otherwise.
+ */
+int has_unstaged_changes(int ignore_submodules)
+{
+	struct rev_info rev_info;
+	int result;
+
+	init_revisions(&rev_info, NULL);
+	if (ignore_submodules) {
+		rev_info.diffopt.flags.ignore_submodules = 1;
+		rev_info.diffopt.flags.override_submodule_config = 1;
+	}
+	rev_info.diffopt.flags.quick = 1;
+	diff_setup_done(&rev_info.diffopt);
+	result = run_diff_files(&rev_info, 0);
+	return diff_result_code(&rev_info.diffopt, result);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns 1 if there are uncommitted changes, 0 otherwise.
+ */
+int has_uncommitted_changes(int ignore_submodules)
+{
+	struct rev_info rev_info;
+	int result;
+
+	if (is_cache_unborn())
+		return 0;
+
+	init_revisions(&rev_info, NULL);
+	if (ignore_submodules)
+		rev_info.diffopt.flags.ignore_submodules = 1;
+	rev_info.diffopt.flags.quick = 1;
+
+	add_head_to_pending(&rev_info);
+	if (!rev_info.pending.nr) {
+		/*
+		 * We have no head (or it's corrupt); use the empty tree,
+		 * which will complain if the index is non-empty.
+		 */
+		struct tree *tree = lookup_tree(the_repository, the_hash_algo->empty_tree);
+		add_pending_object(&rev_info, &tree->object, "");
+	}
+
+	diff_setup_done(&rev_info.diffopt);
+	result = run_diff_index(&rev_info, 1);
+	return diff_result_code(&rev_info.diffopt, result);
+}
+
+/**
+ * If the work tree has unstaged or uncommitted changes, dies with the
+ * appropriate message.
+ */
+int require_clean_work_tree(const char *action, const char *hint, int ignore_submodules, int gently)
+{
+	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
+	int err = 0, fd;
+
+	fd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 0);
+	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
+	if (0 <= fd)
+		update_index_if_able(&the_index, &lock_file);
+	rollback_lock_file(&lock_file);
+
+	if (has_unstaged_changes(ignore_submodules)) {
+		/* TRANSLATORS: the action is e.g. "pull with rebase" */
+		error(_("cannot %s: You have unstaged changes."), _(action));
+		err = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (has_uncommitted_changes(ignore_submodules)) {
+		if (err)
+			error(_("additionally, your index contains uncommitted changes."));
+		else
+			error(_("cannot %s: Your index contains uncommitted changes."),
+			      _(action));
+		err = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (err) {
+		if (hint)
+			error("%s", hint);
+		if (!gently)
+			exit(128);
+	}
+
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/wt-status.h b/wt-status.h
index 283a9fef03..1673d146fa 100644
--- a/wt-status.h
+++ b/wt-status.h
@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "color.h"
+#include "pathspec.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+
+struct worktree;
 
 enum color_wt_status {
 	WT_STATUS_HEADER = 0,
@@ -24,6 +28,12 @@ enum untracked_status_type {
 	SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES
 };
 
+enum show_ignored_type {
+	SHOW_NO_IGNORED,
+	SHOW_TRADITIONAL_IGNORED,
+	SHOW_MATCHING_IGNORED,
+};
+
 /* from where does this commit originate */
 enum commit_whence {
 	FROM_COMMIT,     /* normal */
@@ -35,11 +45,25 @@ struct wt_status_change_data {
 	int worktree_status;
 	int index_status;
 	int stagemask;
-	char *head_path;
+	int mode_head, mode_index, mode_worktree;
+	struct object_id oid_head, oid_index;
+	int rename_status;
+	int rename_score;
+	char *rename_source;
 	unsigned dirty_submodule       : 2;
 	unsigned new_submodule_commits : 1;
 };
 
+enum wt_status_format {
+	STATUS_FORMAT_NONE = 0,
+	STATUS_FORMAT_LONG,
+	STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT,
+	STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN,
+	STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN_V2,
+
+	STATUS_FORMAT_UNSPECIFIED
+};
+
 struct wt_status {
 	int is_initial;
 	char *branch;
@@ -54,14 +78,22 @@ struct wt_status {
 	int display_comment_prefix;
 	int relative_paths;
 	int submodule_summary;
-	int show_ignored_files;
+	enum show_ignored_type show_ignored_mode;
 	enum untracked_status_type show_untracked_files;
 	const char *ignore_submodule_arg;
 	char color_palette[WT_STATUS_MAXSLOT][COLOR_MAXLEN];
 	unsigned colopts;
 	int null_termination;
+	int commit_template;
 	int show_branch;
+	int show_stash;
 	int hints;
+	enum ahead_behind_flags ahead_behind_flags;
+	int detect_rename;
+	int rename_score;
+	int rename_limit;
+	enum wt_status_format status_format;
+	unsigned char sha1_commit[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ]; /* when not Initial */
 
 	/* These are computed during processing of the individual sections */
 	int commitable;
@@ -84,27 +116,35 @@ struct wt_status_state {
 	int cherry_pick_in_progress;
 	int bisect_in_progress;
 	int revert_in_progress;
+	int detached_at;
 	char *branch;
 	char *onto;
 	char *detached_from;
-	unsigned char detached_sha1[20];
-	unsigned char revert_head_sha1[20];
-	unsigned char cherry_pick_head_sha1[20];
+	struct object_id detached_oid;
+	struct object_id revert_head_oid;
+	struct object_id cherry_pick_head_oid;
 };
 
-void wt_status_truncate_message_at_cut_line(struct strbuf *);
+size_t wt_status_locate_end(const char *s, size_t len);
 void wt_status_add_cut_line(FILE *fp);
 void wt_status_prepare(struct wt_status *s);
 void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s);
 void wt_status_collect(struct wt_status *s);
 void wt_status_get_state(struct wt_status_state *state, int get_detached_from);
-
-void wt_shortstatus_print(struct wt_status *s);
-void wt_porcelain_print(struct wt_status *s);
+int wt_status_check_rebase(const struct worktree *wt,
+			   struct wt_status_state *state);
+int wt_status_check_bisect(const struct worktree *wt,
+			   struct wt_status_state *state);
 
 __attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 void status_printf_ln(struct wt_status *s, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...);
 __attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 void status_printf(struct wt_status *s, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...);
 
+/* The following functions expect that the caller took care of reading the index. */
+int has_unstaged_changes(int ignore_submodules);
+int has_uncommitted_changes(int ignore_submodules);
+int require_clean_work_tree(const char *action, const char *hint,
+	int ignore_submodules, int gently);
+
 #endif /* STATUS_H */
diff --git a/xdiff-interface.c b/xdiff-interface.c
index ecfa05f616..ec6e574e4a 100644
--- a/xdiff-interface.c
+++ b/xdiff-interface.c
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "object-store.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 #include "xdiff/xtypes.h"
 #include "xdiff/xdiffi.h"
 #include "xdiff/xemit.h"
 #include "xdiff/xmacros.h"
+#include "xdiff/xutils.h"
 
 struct xdiff_emit_state {
 	xdiff_emit_consume_fn consume;
@@ -100,9 +103,9 @@ static int xdiff_outf(void *priv_, mmbuffer_t *mb, int nbuf)
 
 /*
  * Trim down common substring at the end of the buffers,
- * but leave at least ctx lines at the end.
+ * but end on a complete line.
  */
-static void trim_common_tail(mmfile_t *a, mmfile_t *b, long ctx)
+static void trim_common_tail(mmfile_t *a, mmfile_t *b)
 {
 	const int blk = 1024;
 	long trimmed = 0, recovered = 0;
@@ -110,9 +113,6 @@ static void trim_common_tail(mmfile_t *a, mmfile_t *b, long ctx)
 	char *bp = b->ptr + b->size;
 	long smaller = (a->size < b->size) ? a->size : b->size;
 
-	if (ctx)
-		return;
-
 	while (blk + trimmed <= smaller && !memcmp(ap - blk, bp - blk, blk)) {
 		trimmed += blk;
 		ap -= blk;
@@ -131,7 +131,11 @@ int xdi_diff(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2, xpparam_t const *xpp, xdemitconf_t co
 	mmfile_t a = *mf1;
 	mmfile_t b = *mf2;
 
-	trim_common_tail(&a, &b, xecfg->ctxlen);
+	if (mf1->size > MAX_XDIFF_SIZE || mf2->size > MAX_XDIFF_SIZE)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (!xecfg->ctxlen && !(xecfg->flags & XDL_EMIT_FUNCCONTEXT))
+		trim_common_tail(&a, &b);
 
 	return xdl_diff(&a, &b, xpp, xecfg, xecb);
 }
@@ -163,9 +167,9 @@ int read_mmfile(mmfile_t *ptr, const char *filename)
 	size_t sz;
 
 	if (stat(filename, &st))
-		return error("Could not stat %s", filename);
+		return error_errno("Could not stat %s", filename);
 	if ((f = fopen(filename, "rb")) == NULL)
-		return error("Could not open %s", filename);
+		return error_errno("Could not open %s", filename);
 	sz = xsize_t(st.st_size);
 	ptr->ptr = xmalloc(sz ? sz : 1);
 	if (sz && fread(ptr->ptr, sz, 1, f) != 1) {
@@ -177,20 +181,20 @@ int read_mmfile(mmfile_t *ptr, const char *filename)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void read_mmblob(mmfile_t *ptr, const unsigned char *sha1)
+void read_mmblob(mmfile_t *ptr, const struct object_id *oid)
 {
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
 
-	if (!hashcmp(sha1, null_sha1)) {
+	if (!oidcmp(oid, &null_oid)) {
 		ptr->ptr = xstrdup("");
 		ptr->size = 0;
 		return;
 	}
 
-	ptr->ptr = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	ptr->ptr = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
 	if (!ptr->ptr || type != OBJ_BLOB)
-		die("unable to read blob object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		die("unable to read blob object %s", oid_to_hex(oid));
 	ptr->size = size;
 }
 
@@ -213,11 +217,10 @@ struct ff_regs {
 static long ff_regexp(const char *line, long len,
 		char *buffer, long buffer_size, void *priv)
 {
-	char *line_buffer;
 	struct ff_regs *regs = priv;
 	regmatch_t pmatch[2];
 	int i;
-	int result = -1;
+	int result;
 
 	/* Exclude terminating newline (and cr) from matching */
 	if (len > 0 && line[len-1] == '\n') {
@@ -227,18 +230,16 @@ static long ff_regexp(const char *line, long len,
 			len--;
 	}
 
-	line_buffer = xstrndup(line, len); /* make NUL terminated */
-
 	for (i = 0; i < regs->nr; i++) {
 		struct ff_reg *reg = regs->array + i;
-		if (!regexec(&reg->re, line_buffer, 2, pmatch, 0)) {
+		if (!regexec_buf(&reg->re, line, len, 2, pmatch, 0)) {
 			if (reg->negate)
-				goto fail;
+				return -1;
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 	if (regs->nr <= i)
-		goto fail;
+		return -1;
 	i = pmatch[1].rm_so >= 0 ? 1 : 0;
 	line += pmatch[i].rm_so;
 	result = pmatch[i].rm_eo - pmatch[i].rm_so;
@@ -247,8 +248,6 @@ static long ff_regexp(const char *line, long len,
 	while (result > 0 && (isspace(line[result - 1])))
 		result--;
 	memcpy(buffer, line, result);
- fail:
-	free(line_buffer);
 	return result;
 }
 
@@ -262,7 +261,7 @@ void xdiff_set_find_func(xdemitconf_t *xecfg, const char *value, int cflags)
 	for (i = 0, regs->nr = 1; value[i]; i++)
 		if (value[i] == '\n')
 			regs->nr++;
-	regs->array = xmalloc(regs->nr * sizeof(struct ff_reg));
+	ALLOC_ARRAY(regs->array, regs->nr);
 	for (i = 0; i < regs->nr; i++) {
 		struct ff_reg *reg = regs->array + i;
 		const char *ep = strchr(value, '\n'), *expression;
@@ -299,6 +298,17 @@ void xdiff_clear_find_func(xdemitconf_t *xecfg)
 	}
 }
 
+unsigned long xdiff_hash_string(const char *s, size_t len, long flags)
+{
+	return xdl_hash_record(&s, s + len, flags);
+}
+
+int xdiff_compare_lines(const char *l1, long s1,
+			const char *l2, long s2, long flags)
+{
+	return xdl_recmatch(l1, s1, l2, s2, flags);
+}
+
 int git_xmerge_style = -1;
 
 int git_xmerge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
diff --git a/xdiff-interface.h b/xdiff-interface.h
index eff7762ee1..135fc05d72 100644
--- a/xdiff-interface.h
+++ b/xdiff-interface.h
@@ -1,8 +1,16 @@
 #ifndef XDIFF_INTERFACE_H
 #define XDIFF_INTERFACE_H
 
+#include "cache.h"
 #include "xdiff/xdiff.h"
 
+/*
+ * xdiff isn't equipped to handle content over a gigabyte;
+ * we make the cutoff 1GB - 1MB to give some breathing
+ * room for constant-sized additions (e.g., merge markers)
+ */
+#define MAX_XDIFF_SIZE (1024UL * 1024 * 1023)
+
 typedef void (*xdiff_emit_consume_fn)(void *, char *, unsigned long);
 
 int xdi_diff(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2, xpparam_t const *xpp, xdemitconf_t const *xecfg, xdemitcb_t *ecb);
@@ -13,7 +21,7 @@ int parse_hunk_header(char *line, int len,
 		      int *ob, int *on,
 		      int *nb, int *nn);
 int read_mmfile(mmfile_t *ptr, const char *filename);
-void read_mmblob(mmfile_t *ptr, const unsigned char *sha1);
+void read_mmblob(mmfile_t *ptr, const struct object_id *oid);
 int buffer_is_binary(const char *ptr, unsigned long size);
 
 extern void xdiff_set_find_func(xdemitconf_t *xecfg, const char *line, int cflags);
@@ -21,4 +29,20 @@ extern void xdiff_clear_find_func(xdemitconf_t *xecfg);
 extern int git_xmerge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
 extern int git_xmerge_style;
 
+/*
+ * Compare the strings l1 with l2 which are of size s1 and s2 respectively.
+ * Returns 1 if the strings are deemed equal, 0 otherwise.
+ * The `flags` given as XDF_WHITESPACE_FLAGS determine how white spaces
+ * are treated for the comparision.
+ */
+extern int xdiff_compare_lines(const char *l1, long s1,
+			       const char *l2, long s2, long flags);
+
+/*
+ * Returns a hash of the string s of length len.
+ * The `flags` given as XDF_WHITESPACE_FLAGS determine how white spaces
+ * are treated for the hash.
+ */
+extern unsigned long xdiff_hash_string(const char *s, size_t len, long flags);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/xdiff/xdiff.h b/xdiff/xdiff.h
index c0339919cc..2356da5f78 100644
--- a/xdiff/xdiff.h
+++ b/xdiff/xdiff.h
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
  *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  License along with this library; if not, see
+ *  <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  *
  *  Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
  *
@@ -27,32 +27,31 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif /* #ifdef __cplusplus */
 
+/* xpparm_t.flags */
+#define XDF_NEED_MINIMAL (1 << 0)
 
-#define XDF_NEED_MINIMAL (1 << 1)
-#define XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE (1 << 2)
-#define XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE (1 << 3)
-#define XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL (1 << 4)
-#define XDF_WHITESPACE_FLAGS (XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE | XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE | XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL)
+#define XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE (1 << 1)
+#define XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE (1 << 2)
+#define XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL (1 << 3)
+#define XDF_IGNORE_CR_AT_EOL (1 << 4)
+#define XDF_WHITESPACE_FLAGS (XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE | \
+			      XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE | \
+			      XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL | \
+			      XDF_IGNORE_CR_AT_EOL)
 
-#define XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF (1 << 5)
-#define XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF (1 << 6)
+#define XDF_IGNORE_BLANK_LINES (1 << 7)
+
+#define XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF (1 << 14)
+#define XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF (1 << 15)
 #define XDF_DIFF_ALGORITHM_MASK (XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF | XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF)
 #define XDF_DIFF_ALG(x) ((x) & XDF_DIFF_ALGORITHM_MASK)
 
-#define XDF_IGNORE_BLANK_LINES (1 << 7)
+#define XDF_INDENT_HEURISTIC (1 << 23)
 
+/* xdemitconf_t.flags */
 #define XDL_EMIT_FUNCNAMES (1 << 0)
-#define XDL_EMIT_COMMON (1 << 1)
 #define XDL_EMIT_FUNCCONTEXT (1 << 2)
 
-#define XDL_MMB_READONLY (1 << 0)
-
-#define XDL_MMF_ATOMIC (1 << 0)
-
-#define XDL_BDOP_INS 1
-#define XDL_BDOP_CPY 2
-#define XDL_BDOP_INSB 3
-
 /* merge simplification levels */
 #define XDL_MERGE_MINIMAL 0
 #define XDL_MERGE_EAGER 1
@@ -79,6 +78,10 @@ typedef struct s_mmbuffer {
 
 typedef struct s_xpparam {
 	unsigned long flags;
+
+	/* See Documentation/diff-options.txt. */
+	char **anchors;
+	size_t anchors_nr;
 } xpparam_t;
 
 typedef struct s_xdemitcb {
diff --git a/xdiff/xdiffi.c b/xdiff/xdiffi.c
index 2358a2d632..1f1f4a3c78 100644
--- a/xdiff/xdiffi.c
+++ b/xdiff/xdiffi.c
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
  *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  License along with this library; if not, see
+ *  <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  *
  *  Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
  *
@@ -22,34 +22,17 @@
 
 #include "xinclude.h"
 
-
-
 #define XDL_MAX_COST_MIN 256
 #define XDL_HEUR_MIN_COST 256
 #define XDL_LINE_MAX (long)((1UL << (CHAR_BIT * sizeof(long) - 1)) - 1)
 #define XDL_SNAKE_CNT 20
 #define XDL_K_HEUR 4
 
-
-
 typedef struct s_xdpsplit {
 	long i1, i2;
 	int min_lo, min_hi;
 } xdpsplit_t;
 
-
-
-
-static long xdl_split(unsigned long const *ha1, long off1, long lim1,
-		      unsigned long const *ha2, long off2, long lim2,
-		      long *kvdf, long *kvdb, int need_min, xdpsplit_t *spl,
-		      xdalgoenv_t *xenv);
-static xdchange_t *xdl_add_change(xdchange_t *xscr, long i1, long i2, long chg1, long chg2);
-
-
-
-
-
 /*
  * See "An O(ND) Difference Algorithm and its Variations", by Eugene Myers.
  * Basically considers a "box" (off1, off2, lim1, lim2) and scan from both
@@ -400,106 +383,554 @@ static xdchange_t *xdl_add_change(xdchange_t *xscr, long i1, long i2, long chg1,
 }
 
 
-int xdl_change_compact(xdfile_t *xdf, xdfile_t *xdfo, long flags) {
-	long ix, ixo, ixs, ixref, grpsiz, nrec = xdf->nrec;
-	char *rchg = xdf->rchg, *rchgo = xdfo->rchg;
-	xrecord_t **recs = xdf->recs;
+static int recs_match(xrecord_t *rec1, xrecord_t *rec2, long flags)
+{
+	return (rec1->ha == rec2->ha &&
+		xdl_recmatch(rec1->ptr, rec1->size,
+			     rec2->ptr, rec2->size,
+			     flags));
+}
+
+/*
+ * If a line is indented more than this, get_indent() just returns this value.
+ * This avoids having to do absurd amounts of work for data that are not
+ * human-readable text, and also ensures that the output of get_indent fits within
+ * an int.
+ */
+#define MAX_INDENT 200
+
+/*
+ * Return the amount of indentation of the specified line, treating TAB as 8
+ * columns. Return -1 if line is empty or contains only whitespace. Clamp the
+ * output value at MAX_INDENT.
+ */
+static int get_indent(xrecord_t *rec)
+{
+	long i;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < rec->size; i++) {
+		char c = rec->ptr[i];
+
+		if (!XDL_ISSPACE(c))
+			return ret;
+		else if (c == ' ')
+			ret += 1;
+		else if (c == '\t')
+			ret += 8 - ret % 8;
+		/* ignore other whitespace characters */
+
+		if (ret >= MAX_INDENT)
+			return MAX_INDENT;
+	}
 
+	/* The line contains only whitespace. */
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If more than this number of consecutive blank rows are found, just return this
+ * value. This avoids requiring O(N^2) work for pathological cases, and also
+ * ensures that the output of score_split fits in an int.
+ */
+#define MAX_BLANKS 20
+
+/* Characteristics measured about a hypothetical split position. */
+struct split_measurement {
 	/*
-	 * This is the same of what GNU diff does. Move back and forward
-	 * change groups for a consistent and pretty diff output. This also
-	 * helps in finding joinable change groups and reduce the diff size.
+	 * Is the split at the end of the file (aside from any blank lines)?
 	 */
-	for (ix = ixo = 0;;) {
-		/*
-		 * Find the first changed line in the to-be-compacted file.
-		 * We need to keep track of both indexes, so if we find a
-		 * changed lines group on the other file, while scanning the
-		 * to-be-compacted file, we need to skip it properly. Note
-		 * that loops that are testing for changed lines on rchg* do
-		 * not need index bounding since the array is prepared with
-		 * a zero at position -1 and N.
-		 */
-		for (; ix < nrec && !rchg[ix]; ix++)
-			while (rchgo[ixo++]);
-		if (ix == nrec)
+	int end_of_file;
+
+	/*
+	 * How much is the line immediately following the split indented (or -1 if
+	 * the line is blank):
+	 */
+	int indent;
+
+	/*
+	 * How many consecutive lines above the split are blank?
+	 */
+	int pre_blank;
+
+	/*
+	 * How much is the nearest non-blank line above the split indented (or -1
+	 * if there is no such line)?
+	 */
+	int pre_indent;
+
+	/*
+	 * How many lines after the line following the split are blank?
+	 */
+	int post_blank;
+
+	/*
+	 * How much is the nearest non-blank line after the line following the
+	 * split indented (or -1 if there is no such line)?
+	 */
+	int post_indent;
+};
+
+struct split_score {
+	/* The effective indent of this split (smaller is preferred). */
+	int effective_indent;
+
+	/* Penalty for this split (smaller is preferred). */
+	int penalty;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Fill m with information about a hypothetical split of xdf above line split.
+ */
+static void measure_split(const xdfile_t *xdf, long split,
+			  struct split_measurement *m)
+{
+	long i;
+
+	if (split >= xdf->nrec) {
+		m->end_of_file = 1;
+		m->indent = -1;
+	} else {
+		m->end_of_file = 0;
+		m->indent = get_indent(xdf->recs[split]);
+	}
+
+	m->pre_blank = 0;
+	m->pre_indent = -1;
+	for (i = split - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+		m->pre_indent = get_indent(xdf->recs[i]);
+		if (m->pre_indent != -1)
+			break;
+		m->pre_blank += 1;
+		if (m->pre_blank == MAX_BLANKS) {
+			m->pre_indent = 0;
 			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	m->post_blank = 0;
+	m->post_indent = -1;
+	for (i = split + 1; i < xdf->nrec; i++) {
+		m->post_indent = get_indent(xdf->recs[i]);
+		if (m->post_indent != -1)
+			break;
+		m->post_blank += 1;
+		if (m->post_blank == MAX_BLANKS) {
+			m->post_indent = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * The empirically-determined weight factors used by score_split() below.
+ * Larger values means that the position is a less favorable place to split.
+ *
+ * Note that scores are only ever compared against each other, so multiplying
+ * all of these weight/penalty values by the same factor wouldn't change the
+ * heuristic's behavior. Still, we need to set that arbitrary scale *somehow*.
+ * In practice, these numbers are chosen to be large enough that they can be
+ * adjusted relative to each other with sufficient precision despite using
+ * integer math.
+ */
+
+/* Penalty if there are no non-blank lines before the split */
+#define START_OF_FILE_PENALTY 1
+
+/* Penalty if there are no non-blank lines after the split */
+#define END_OF_FILE_PENALTY 21
+
+/* Multiplier for the number of blank lines around the split */
+#define TOTAL_BLANK_WEIGHT (-30)
+
+/* Multiplier for the number of blank lines after the split */
+#define POST_BLANK_WEIGHT 6
+
+/*
+ * Penalties applied if the line is indented more than its predecessor
+ */
+#define RELATIVE_INDENT_PENALTY (-4)
+#define RELATIVE_INDENT_WITH_BLANK_PENALTY 10
+
+/*
+ * Penalties applied if the line is indented less than both its predecessor and
+ * its successor
+ */
+#define RELATIVE_OUTDENT_PENALTY 24
+#define RELATIVE_OUTDENT_WITH_BLANK_PENALTY 17
+
+/*
+ * Penalties applied if the line is indented less than its predecessor but not
+ * less than its successor
+ */
+#define RELATIVE_DEDENT_PENALTY 23
+#define RELATIVE_DEDENT_WITH_BLANK_PENALTY 17
+
+/*
+ * We only consider whether the sum of the effective indents for splits are
+ * less than (-1), equal to (0), or greater than (+1) each other. The resulting
+ * value is multiplied by the following weight and combined with the penalty to
+ * determine the better of two scores.
+ */
+#define INDENT_WEIGHT 60
+
+/*
+ * How far do we slide a hunk at most?
+ */
+#define INDENT_HEURISTIC_MAX_SLIDING 100
+
+/*
+ * Compute a badness score for the hypothetical split whose measurements are
+ * stored in m. The weight factors were determined empirically using the tools and
+ * corpus described in
+ *
+ *     https://github.com/mhagger/diff-slider-tools
+ *
+ * Also see that project if you want to improve the weights based on, for example,
+ * a larger or more diverse corpus.
+ */
+static void score_add_split(const struct split_measurement *m, struct split_score *s)
+{
+	/*
+	 * A place to accumulate penalty factors (positive makes this index more
+	 * favored):
+	 */
+	int post_blank, total_blank, indent, any_blanks;
+
+	if (m->pre_indent == -1 && m->pre_blank == 0)
+		s->penalty += START_OF_FILE_PENALTY;
+
+	if (m->end_of_file)
+		s->penalty += END_OF_FILE_PENALTY;
+
+	/*
+	 * Set post_blank to the number of blank lines following the split,
+	 * including the line immediately after the split:
+	 */
+	post_blank = (m->indent == -1) ? 1 + m->post_blank : 0;
+	total_blank = m->pre_blank + post_blank;
 
+	/* Penalties based on nearby blank lines: */
+	s->penalty += TOTAL_BLANK_WEIGHT * total_blank;
+	s->penalty += POST_BLANK_WEIGHT * post_blank;
+
+	if (m->indent != -1)
+		indent = m->indent;
+	else
+		indent = m->post_indent;
+
+	any_blanks = (total_blank != 0);
+
+	/* Note that the effective indent is -1 at the end of the file: */
+	s->effective_indent += indent;
+
+	if (indent == -1) {
+		/* No additional adjustments needed. */
+	} else if (m->pre_indent == -1) {
+		/* No additional adjustments needed. */
+	} else if (indent > m->pre_indent) {
 		/*
-		 * Record the start of a changed-group in the to-be-compacted file
-		 * and find the end of it, on both to-be-compacted and other file
-		 * indexes (ix and ixo).
+		 * The line is indented more than its predecessor.
 		 */
-		ixs = ix;
-		for (ix++; rchg[ix]; ix++);
-		for (; rchgo[ixo]; ixo++);
+		s->penalty += any_blanks ?
+			RELATIVE_INDENT_WITH_BLANK_PENALTY :
+			RELATIVE_INDENT_PENALTY;
+	} else if (indent == m->pre_indent) {
+		/*
+		 * The line has the same indentation level as its predecessor.
+		 * No additional adjustments needed.
+		 */
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * The line is indented less than its predecessor. It could be
+		 * the block terminator of the previous block, but it could
+		 * also be the start of a new block (e.g., an "else" block, or
+		 * maybe the previous block didn't have a block terminator).
+		 * Try to distinguish those cases based on what comes next:
+		 */
+		if (m->post_indent != -1 && m->post_indent > indent) {
+			/*
+			 * The following line is indented more. So it is likely
+			 * that this line is the start of a block.
+			 */
+			s->penalty += any_blanks ?
+				RELATIVE_OUTDENT_WITH_BLANK_PENALTY :
+				RELATIVE_OUTDENT_PENALTY;
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * That was probably the end of a block.
+			 */
+			s->penalty += any_blanks ?
+				RELATIVE_DEDENT_WITH_BLANK_PENALTY :
+				RELATIVE_DEDENT_PENALTY;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static int score_cmp(struct split_score *s1, struct split_score *s2)
+{
+	/* -1 if s1.effective_indent < s2->effective_indent, etc. */
+	int cmp_indents = ((s1->effective_indent > s2->effective_indent) -
+			   (s1->effective_indent < s2->effective_indent));
+
+	return INDENT_WEIGHT * cmp_indents + (s1->penalty - s2->penalty);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Represent a group of changed lines in an xdfile_t (i.e., a contiguous group
+ * of lines that was inserted or deleted from the corresponding version of the
+ * file). We consider there to be such a group at the beginning of the file, at
+ * the end of the file, and between any two unchanged lines, though most such
+ * groups will usually be empty.
+ *
+ * If the first line in a group is equal to the line following the group, then
+ * the group can be slid down. Similarly, if the last line in a group is equal
+ * to the line preceding the group, then the group can be slid up. See
+ * group_slide_down() and group_slide_up().
+ *
+ * Note that loops that are testing for changed lines in xdf->rchg do not need
+ * index bounding since the array is prepared with a zero at position -1 and N.
+ */
+struct xdlgroup {
+	/*
+	 * The index of the first changed line in the group, or the index of
+	 * the unchanged line above which the (empty) group is located.
+	 */
+	long start;
+
+	/*
+	 * The index of the first unchanged line after the group. For an empty
+	 * group, end is equal to start.
+	 */
+	long end;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Initialize g to point at the first group in xdf.
+ */
+static void group_init(xdfile_t *xdf, struct xdlgroup *g)
+{
+	g->start = g->end = 0;
+	while (xdf->rchg[g->end])
+		g->end++;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Move g to describe the next (possibly empty) group in xdf and return 0. If g
+ * is already at the end of the file, do nothing and return -1.
+ */
+static inline int group_next(xdfile_t *xdf, struct xdlgroup *g)
+{
+	if (g->end == xdf->nrec)
+		return -1;
+
+	g->start = g->end + 1;
+	for (g->end = g->start; xdf->rchg[g->end]; g->end++)
+		;
 
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Move g to describe the previous (possibly empty) group in xdf and return 0.
+ * If g is already at the beginning of the file, do nothing and return -1.
+ */
+static inline int group_previous(xdfile_t *xdf, struct xdlgroup *g)
+{
+	if (g->start == 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	g->end = g->start - 1;
+	for (g->start = g->end; xdf->rchg[g->start - 1]; g->start--)
+		;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If g can be slid toward the end of the file, do so, and if it bumps into a
+ * following group, expand this group to include it. Return 0 on success or -1
+ * if g cannot be slid down.
+ */
+static int group_slide_down(xdfile_t *xdf, struct xdlgroup *g, long flags)
+{
+	if (g->end < xdf->nrec &&
+	    recs_match(xdf->recs[g->start], xdf->recs[g->end], flags)) {
+		xdf->rchg[g->start++] = 0;
+		xdf->rchg[g->end++] = 1;
+
+		while (xdf->rchg[g->end])
+			g->end++;
+
+		return 0;
+	} else {
+		return -1;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * If g can be slid toward the beginning of the file, do so, and if it bumps
+ * into a previous group, expand this group to include it. Return 0 on success
+ * or -1 if g cannot be slid up.
+ */
+static int group_slide_up(xdfile_t *xdf, struct xdlgroup *g, long flags)
+{
+	if (g->start > 0 &&
+	    recs_match(xdf->recs[g->start - 1], xdf->recs[g->end - 1], flags)) {
+		xdf->rchg[--g->start] = 1;
+		xdf->rchg[--g->end] = 0;
+
+		while (xdf->rchg[g->start - 1])
+			g->start--;
+
+		return 0;
+	} else {
+		return -1;
+	}
+}
+
+static void xdl_bug(const char *msg)
+{
+	fprintf(stderr, "BUG: %s\n", msg);
+	exit(1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Move back and forward change groups for a consistent and pretty diff output.
+ * This also helps in finding joinable change groups and reducing the diff
+ * size.
+ */
+int xdl_change_compact(xdfile_t *xdf, xdfile_t *xdfo, long flags) {
+	struct xdlgroup g, go;
+	long earliest_end, end_matching_other;
+	long groupsize;
+
+	group_init(xdf, &g);
+	group_init(xdfo, &go);
+
+	while (1) {
+		/* If the group is empty in the to-be-compacted file, skip it: */
+		if (g.end == g.start)
+			goto next;
+
+		/*
+		 * Now shift the change up and then down as far as possible in
+		 * each direction. If it bumps into any other changes, merge them.
+		 */
 		do {
-			grpsiz = ix - ixs;
+			groupsize = g.end - g.start;
 
 			/*
-			 * If the line before the current change group, is equal to
-			 * the last line of the current change group, shift backward
-			 * the group.
+			 * Keep track of the last "end" index that causes this
+			 * group to align with a group of changed lines in the
+			 * other file. -1 indicates that we haven't found such
+			 * a match yet:
 			 */
-			while (ixs > 0 && recs[ixs - 1]->ha == recs[ix - 1]->ha &&
-			       xdl_recmatch(recs[ixs - 1]->ptr, recs[ixs - 1]->size, recs[ix - 1]->ptr, recs[ix - 1]->size, flags)) {
-				rchg[--ixs] = 1;
-				rchg[--ix] = 0;
-
-				/*
-				 * This change might have joined two change groups,
-				 * so we try to take this scenario in account by moving
-				 * the start index accordingly (and so the other-file
-				 * end-of-group index).
-				 */
-				for (; rchg[ixs - 1]; ixs--);
-				while (rchgo[--ixo]);
-			}
+			end_matching_other = -1;
 
-			/*
-			 * Record the end-of-group position in case we are matched
-			 * with a group of changes in the other file (that is, the
-			 * change record before the end-of-group index in the other
-			 * file is set).
-			 */
-			ixref = rchgo[ixo - 1] ? ix: nrec;
+			/* Shift the group backward as much as possible: */
+			while (!group_slide_up(xdf, &g, flags))
+				if (group_previous(xdfo, &go))
+					xdl_bug("group sync broken sliding up");
 
 			/*
-			 * If the first line of the current change group, is equal to
-			 * the line next of the current change group, shift forward
-			 * the group.
+			 * This is this highest that this group can be shifted.
+			 * Record its end index:
 			 */
-			while (ix < nrec && recs[ixs]->ha == recs[ix]->ha &&
-			       xdl_recmatch(recs[ixs]->ptr, recs[ixs]->size, recs[ix]->ptr, recs[ix]->size, flags)) {
-				rchg[ixs++] = 0;
-				rchg[ix++] = 1;
-
-				/*
-				 * This change might have joined two change groups,
-				 * so we try to take this scenario in account by moving
-				 * the start index accordingly (and so the other-file
-				 * end-of-group index). Keep tracking the reference
-				 * index in case we are shifting together with a
-				 * corresponding group of changes in the other file.
-				 */
-				for (; rchg[ix]; ix++);
-				while (rchgo[++ixo])
-					ixref = ix;
+			earliest_end = g.end;
+
+			if (go.end > go.start)
+				end_matching_other = g.end;
+
+			/* Now shift the group forward as far as possible: */
+			while (1) {
+				if (group_slide_down(xdf, &g, flags))
+					break;
+				if (group_next(xdfo, &go))
+					xdl_bug("group sync broken sliding down");
+
+				if (go.end > go.start)
+					end_matching_other = g.end;
 			}
-		} while (grpsiz != ix - ixs);
+		} while (groupsize != g.end - g.start);
 
 		/*
-		 * Try to move back the possibly merged group of changes, to match
-		 * the recorded position in the other file.
+		 * If the group can be shifted, then we can possibly use this
+		 * freedom to produce a more intuitive diff.
+		 *
+		 * The group is currently shifted as far down as possible, so the
+		 * heuristics below only have to handle upwards shifts.
 		 */
-		while (ixref < ix) {
-			rchg[--ixs] = 1;
-			rchg[--ix] = 0;
-			while (rchgo[--ixo]);
+
+		if (g.end == earliest_end) {
+			/* no shifting was possible */
+		} else if (end_matching_other != -1) {
+			/*
+			 * Move the possibly merged group of changes back to line
+			 * up with the last group of changes from the other file
+			 * that it can align with.
+			 */
+			while (go.end == go.start) {
+				if (group_slide_up(xdf, &g, flags))
+					xdl_bug("match disappeared");
+				if (group_previous(xdfo, &go))
+					xdl_bug("group sync broken sliding to match");
+			}
+		} else if (flags & XDF_INDENT_HEURISTIC) {
+			/*
+			 * Indent heuristic: a group of pure add/delete lines
+			 * implies two splits, one between the end of the "before"
+			 * context and the start of the group, and another between
+			 * the end of the group and the beginning of the "after"
+			 * context. Some splits are aesthetically better and some
+			 * are worse. We compute a badness "score" for each split,
+			 * and add the scores for the two splits to define a
+			 * "score" for each position that the group can be shifted
+			 * to. Then we pick the shift with the lowest score.
+			 */
+			long shift, best_shift = -1;
+			struct split_score best_score;
+
+			shift = earliest_end;
+			if (g.end - groupsize - 1 > shift)
+				shift = g.end - groupsize - 1;
+			if (g.end - INDENT_HEURISTIC_MAX_SLIDING > shift)
+				shift = g.end - INDENT_HEURISTIC_MAX_SLIDING;
+			for (; shift <= g.end; shift++) {
+				struct split_measurement m;
+				struct split_score score = {0, 0};
+
+				measure_split(xdf, shift, &m);
+				score_add_split(&m, &score);
+				measure_split(xdf, shift - groupsize, &m);
+				score_add_split(&m, &score);
+				if (best_shift == -1 ||
+				    score_cmp(&score, &best_score) <= 0) {
+					best_score.effective_indent = score.effective_indent;
+					best_score.penalty = score.penalty;
+					best_shift = shift;
+				}
+			}
+
+			while (g.end > best_shift) {
+				if (group_slide_up(xdf, &g, flags))
+					xdl_bug("best shift unreached");
+				if (group_previous(xdfo, &go))
+					xdl_bug("group sync broken sliding to blank line");
+			}
 		}
+
+	next:
+		/* Move past the just-processed group: */
+		if (group_next(xdf, &g))
+			break;
+		if (group_next(xdfo, &go))
+			xdl_bug("group sync broken moving to next group");
 	}
 
+	if (!group_next(xdfo, &go))
+		xdl_bug("group sync broken at end of file");
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/xdiff/xdiffi.h b/xdiff/xdiffi.h
index 8b81206c9a..8f1c7c8b04 100644
--- a/xdiff/xdiffi.h
+++ b/xdiff/xdiffi.h
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
  *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  License along with this library; if not, see
+ *  <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  *
  *  Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
  *
diff --git a/xdiff/xemit.c b/xdiff/xemit.c
index 4266ada23f..7778dc2b19 100644
--- a/xdiff/xemit.c
+++ b/xdiff/xemit.c
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
  *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  License along with this library; if not, see
+ *  <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  *
  *  Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
  *
@@ -22,15 +22,6 @@
 
 #include "xinclude.h"
 
-
-
-
-static long xdl_get_rec(xdfile_t *xdf, long ri, char const **rec);
-static int xdl_emit_record(xdfile_t *xdf, long ri, char const *pre, xdemitcb_t *ecb);
-
-
-
-
 static long xdl_get_rec(xdfile_t *xdf, long ri, char const **rec) {
 
 	*rec = xdf->recs[ri]->ptr;
@@ -120,19 +111,20 @@ static long def_ff(const char *rec, long len, char *buf, long sz, void *priv)
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static int xdl_emit_common(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
-                           xdemitconf_t const *xecfg) {
-	xdfile_t *xdf = &xe->xdf2;
-	const char *rchg = xdf->rchg;
-	long ix;
+static long match_func_rec(xdfile_t *xdf, xdemitconf_t const *xecfg, long ri,
+			   char *buf, long sz)
+{
+	const char *rec;
+	long len = xdl_get_rec(xdf, ri, &rec);
+	if (!xecfg->find_func)
+		return def_ff(rec, len, buf, sz, xecfg->find_func_priv);
+	return xecfg->find_func(rec, len, buf, sz, xecfg->find_func_priv);
+}
 
-	for (ix = 0; ix < xdf->nrec; ix++) {
-		if (rchg[ix])
-			continue;
-		if (xdl_emit_record(xdf, ix, "", ecb))
-			return -1;
-	}
-	return 0;
+static int is_func_rec(xdfile_t *xdf, xdemitconf_t const *xecfg, long ri)
+{
+	char dummy[1];
+	return match_func_rec(xdf, xecfg, ri, dummy, sizeof(dummy)) >= 0;
 }
 
 struct func_line {
@@ -143,7 +135,6 @@ struct func_line {
 static long get_func_line(xdfenv_t *xe, xdemitconf_t const *xecfg,
 			  struct func_line *func_line, long start, long limit)
 {
-	find_func_t ff = xecfg->find_func ? xecfg->find_func : def_ff;
 	long l, size, step = (start > limit) ? -1 : 1;
 	char *buf, dummy[1];
 
@@ -151,9 +142,7 @@ static long get_func_line(xdfenv_t *xe, xdemitconf_t const *xecfg,
 	size = func_line ? sizeof(func_line->buf) : sizeof(dummy);
 
 	for (l = start; l != limit && 0 <= l && l < xe->xdf1.nrec; l += step) {
-		const char *rec;
-		long reclen = xdl_get_rec(&xe->xdf1, l, &rec);
-		long len = ff(rec, reclen, buf, size, xecfg->find_func_priv);
+		long len = match_func_rec(&xe->xdf1, xecfg, l, buf, size);
 		if (len >= 0) {
 			if (func_line)
 				func_line->len = len;
@@ -163,6 +152,18 @@ static long get_func_line(xdfenv_t *xe, xdemitconf_t const *xecfg,
 	return -1;
 }
 
+static int is_empty_rec(xdfile_t *xdf, long ri)
+{
+	const char *rec;
+	long len = xdl_get_rec(xdf, ri, &rec);
+
+	while (len > 0 && XDL_ISSPACE(*rec)) {
+		rec++;
+		len--;
+	}
+	return !len;
+}
+
 int xdl_emit_diff(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
 		  xdemitconf_t const *xecfg) {
 	long s1, s2, e1, e2, lctx;
@@ -170,9 +171,6 @@ int xdl_emit_diff(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
 	long funclineprev = -1;
 	struct func_line func_line = { 0 };
 
-	if (xecfg->flags & XDL_EMIT_COMMON)
-		return xdl_emit_common(xe, xscr, ecb, xecfg);
-
 	for (xch = xscr; xch; xch = xche->next) {
 		xche = xdl_get_hunk(&xch, xecfg);
 		if (!xch)
@@ -182,7 +180,33 @@ int xdl_emit_diff(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
 		s2 = XDL_MAX(xch->i2 - xecfg->ctxlen, 0);
 
 		if (xecfg->flags & XDL_EMIT_FUNCCONTEXT) {
-			long fs1 = get_func_line(xe, xecfg, NULL, xch->i1, -1);
+			long fs1, i1 = xch->i1;
+
+			/* Appended chunk? */
+			if (i1 >= xe->xdf1.nrec) {
+				long i2 = xch->i2;
+
+				/*
+				 * We don't need additional context if
+				 * a whole function was added.
+				 */
+				while (i2 < xe->xdf2.nrec) {
+					if (is_func_rec(&xe->xdf2, xecfg, i2))
+						goto post_context_calculation;
+					i2++;
+				}
+
+				/*
+				 * Otherwise get more context from the
+				 * pre-image.
+				 */
+				i1 = xe->xdf1.nrec - 1;
+			}
+
+			fs1 = get_func_line(xe, xecfg, NULL, i1, -1);
+			while (fs1 > 0 && !is_empty_rec(&xe->xdf1, fs1 - 1) &&
+			       !is_func_rec(&xe->xdf1, xecfg, fs1 - 1))
+				fs1--;
 			if (fs1 < 0)
 				fs1 = 0;
 			if (fs1 < s1) {
@@ -191,7 +215,7 @@ int xdl_emit_diff(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
 			}
 		}
 
- again:
+ post_context_calculation:
 		lctx = xecfg->ctxlen;
 		lctx = XDL_MIN(lctx, xe->xdf1.nrec - (xche->i1 + xche->chg1));
 		lctx = XDL_MIN(lctx, xe->xdf2.nrec - (xche->i2 + xche->chg2));
@@ -203,6 +227,8 @@ int xdl_emit_diff(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
 			long fe1 = get_func_line(xe, xecfg, NULL,
 						 xche->i1 + xche->chg1,
 						 xe->xdf1.nrec);
+			while (fe1 > 0 && is_empty_rec(&xe->xdf1, fe1 - 1))
+				fe1--;
 			if (fe1 < 0)
 				fe1 = xe->xdf1.nrec;
 			if (fe1 > e1) {
@@ -216,11 +242,12 @@ int xdl_emit_diff(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
 			 * its new end.
 			 */
 			if (xche->next) {
-				long l = xche->next->i1;
-				if (l <= e1 ||
+				long l = XDL_MIN(xche->next->i1,
+						 xe->xdf1.nrec - 1);
+				if (l - xecfg->ctxlen <= e1 ||
 				    get_func_line(xe, xecfg, NULL, l, e1) < 0) {
 					xche = xche->next;
-					goto again;
+					goto post_context_calculation;
 				}
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/xdiff/xemit.h b/xdiff/xemit.h
index d29710770c..1b9887e670 100644
--- a/xdiff/xemit.h
+++ b/xdiff/xemit.h
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
  *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  License along with this library; if not, see
+ *  <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  *
  *  Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
  *
diff --git a/xdiff/xhistogram.c b/xdiff/xhistogram.c
index 73210cb6f3..ec85f5992b 100644
--- a/xdiff/xhistogram.c
+++ b/xdiff/xhistogram.c
@@ -233,54 +233,31 @@ static int try_lcs(struct histindex *index, struct region *lcs, int b_ptr,
 	return b_next;
 }
 
-static int find_lcs(struct histindex *index, struct region *lcs,
-	int line1, int count1, int line2, int count2) {
-	int b_ptr;
-
-	if (scanA(index, line1, count1))
-		return -1;
-
-	index->cnt = index->max_chain_length + 1;
-
-	for (b_ptr = line2; b_ptr <= LINE_END(2); )
-		b_ptr = try_lcs(index, lcs, b_ptr, line1, count1, line2, count2);
-
-	return index->has_common && index->max_chain_length < index->cnt;
-}
-
-static int fall_back_to_classic_diff(struct histindex *index,
+static int fall_back_to_classic_diff(xpparam_t const *xpp, xdfenv_t *env,
 		int line1, int count1, int line2, int count2)
 {
-	xpparam_t xpp;
-	xpp.flags = index->xpp->flags & ~XDF_DIFF_ALGORITHM_MASK;
+	xpparam_t xpparam;
+	xpparam.flags = xpp->flags & ~XDF_DIFF_ALGORITHM_MASK;
 
-	return xdl_fall_back_diff(index->env, &xpp,
+	return xdl_fall_back_diff(env, &xpparam,
 				  line1, count1, line2, count2);
 }
 
-static int histogram_diff(xpparam_t const *xpp, xdfenv_t *env,
-	int line1, int count1, int line2, int count2)
+static inline void free_index(struct histindex *index)
 {
-	struct histindex index;
-	struct region lcs;
-	int sz;
-	int result = -1;
-
-	if (count1 <= 0 && count2 <= 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (LINE_END(1) >= MAX_PTR)
-		return -1;
+	xdl_free(index->records);
+	xdl_free(index->line_map);
+	xdl_free(index->next_ptrs);
+	xdl_cha_free(&index->rcha);
+}
 
-	if (!count1) {
-		while(count2--)
-			env->xdf2.rchg[line2++ - 1] = 1;
-		return 0;
-	} else if (!count2) {
-		while(count1--)
-			env->xdf1.rchg[line1++ - 1] = 1;
-		return 0;
-	}
+static int find_lcs(xpparam_t const *xpp, xdfenv_t *env,
+		    struct region *lcs,
+		    int line1, int count1, int line2, int count2)
+{
+	int b_ptr;
+	int sz, ret = -1;
+	struct histindex index;
 
 	memset(&index, 0, sizeof(index));
 
@@ -318,9 +295,55 @@ static int histogram_diff(xpparam_t const *xpp, xdfenv_t *env,
 	index.ptr_shift = line1;
 	index.max_chain_length = 64;
 
+	if (scanA(&index, line1, count1))
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	index.cnt = index.max_chain_length + 1;
+
+	for (b_ptr = line2; b_ptr <= LINE_END(2); )
+		b_ptr = try_lcs(&index, lcs, b_ptr, line1, count1, line2, count2);
+
+	if (index.has_common && index.max_chain_length < index.cnt)
+		ret = 1;
+	else
+		ret = 0;
+
+cleanup:
+	free_index(&index);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int histogram_diff(xpparam_t const *xpp, xdfenv_t *env,
+	int line1, int count1, int line2, int count2)
+{
+	struct region lcs;
+	int lcs_found;
+	int result;
+redo:
+	result = -1;
+
+	if (count1 <= 0 && count2 <= 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (LINE_END(1) >= MAX_PTR)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (!count1) {
+		while(count2--)
+			env->xdf2.rchg[line2++ - 1] = 1;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!count2) {
+		while(count1--)
+			env->xdf1.rchg[line1++ - 1] = 1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	memset(&lcs, 0, sizeof(lcs));
-	if (find_lcs(&index, &lcs, line1, count1, line2, count2))
-		result = fall_back_to_classic_diff(&index, line1, count1, line2, count2);
+	lcs_found = find_lcs(xpp, env, &lcs, line1, count1, line2, count2);
+	if (lcs_found < 0)
+		goto out;
+	else if (lcs_found)
+		result = fall_back_to_classic_diff(xpp, env, line1, count1, line2, count2);
 	else {
 		if (lcs.begin1 == 0 && lcs.begin2 == 0) {
 			while (count1--)
@@ -333,21 +356,21 @@ static int histogram_diff(xpparam_t const *xpp, xdfenv_t *env,
 						line1, lcs.begin1 - line1,
 						line2, lcs.begin2 - line2);
 			if (result)
-				goto cleanup;
-			result = histogram_diff(xpp, env,
-						lcs.end1 + 1, LINE_END(1) - lcs.end1,
-						lcs.end2 + 1, LINE_END(2) - lcs.end2);
-			if (result)
-				goto cleanup;
+				goto out;
+			/*
+			 * result = histogram_diff(xpp, env,
+			 *            lcs.end1 + 1, LINE_END(1) - lcs.end1,
+			 *            lcs.end2 + 1, LINE_END(2) - lcs.end2);
+			 * but let's optimize tail recursion ourself:
+			*/
+			count1 = LINE_END(1) - lcs.end1;
+			line1 = lcs.end1 + 1;
+			count2 = LINE_END(2) - lcs.end2;
+			line2 = lcs.end2 + 1;
+			goto redo;
 		}
 	}
-
-cleanup:
-	xdl_free(index.records);
-	xdl_free(index.line_map);
-	xdl_free(index.next_ptrs);
-	xdl_cha_free(&index.rcha);
-
+out:
 	return result;
 }
 
diff --git a/xdiff/xinclude.h b/xdiff/xinclude.h
index 526ccb344d..f35c4485df 100644
--- a/xdiff/xinclude.h
+++ b/xdiff/xinclude.h
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
  *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  License along with this library; if not, see
+ *  <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  *
  *  Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
  *
diff --git a/xdiff/xmacros.h b/xdiff/xmacros.h
index 165a895a93..2809a28ca9 100644
--- a/xdiff/xmacros.h
+++ b/xdiff/xmacros.h
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
  *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  License along with this library; if not, see
+ *  <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  *
  *  Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
  *
diff --git a/xdiff/xmerge.c b/xdiff/xmerge.c
index 625198e058..1659edb453 100644
--- a/xdiff/xmerge.c
+++ b/xdiff/xmerge.c
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
  *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  License along with this library; if not, see
+ *  <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  *
  *  Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
  *
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ static int xdl_merge_cmp_lines(xdfenv_t *xe1, int i1, xdfenv_t *xe2, int i2,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int xdl_recs_copy_0(int use_orig, xdfenv_t *xe, int i, int count, int add_nl, char *dest)
+static int xdl_recs_copy_0(int use_orig, xdfenv_t *xe, int i, int count, int needs_cr, int add_nl, char *dest)
 {
 	xrecord_t **recs;
 	int size = 0;
@@ -125,6 +125,12 @@ static int xdl_recs_copy_0(int use_orig, xdfenv_t *xe, int i, int count, int add
 	if (add_nl) {
 		i = recs[count - 1]->size;
 		if (i == 0 || recs[count - 1]->ptr[i - 1] != '\n') {
+			if (needs_cr) {
+				if (dest)
+					dest[size] = '\r';
+				size++;
+			}
+
 			if (dest)
 				dest[size] = '\n';
 			size++;
@@ -133,14 +139,58 @@ static int xdl_recs_copy_0(int use_orig, xdfenv_t *xe, int i, int count, int add
 	return size;
 }
 
-static int xdl_recs_copy(xdfenv_t *xe, int i, int count, int add_nl, char *dest)
+static int xdl_recs_copy(xdfenv_t *xe, int i, int count, int needs_cr, int add_nl, char *dest)
+{
+	return xdl_recs_copy_0(0, xe, i, count, needs_cr, add_nl, dest);
+}
+
+static int xdl_orig_copy(xdfenv_t *xe, int i, int count, int needs_cr, int add_nl, char *dest)
+{
+	return xdl_recs_copy_0(1, xe, i, count, needs_cr, add_nl, dest);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns 1 if the i'th line ends in CR/LF (if it is the last line and
+ * has no eol, the preceding line, if any), 0 if it ends in LF-only, and
+ * -1 if the line ending cannot be determined.
+ */
+static int is_eol_crlf(xdfile_t *file, int i)
 {
-	return xdl_recs_copy_0(0, xe, i, count, add_nl, dest);
+	long size;
+
+	if (i < file->nrec - 1)
+		/* All lines before the last *must* end in LF */
+		return (size = file->recs[i]->size) > 1 &&
+			file->recs[i]->ptr[size - 2] == '\r';
+	if (!file->nrec)
+		/* Cannot determine eol style from empty file */
+		return -1;
+	if ((size = file->recs[i]->size) &&
+			file->recs[i]->ptr[size - 1] == '\n')
+		/* Last line; ends in LF; Is it CR/LF? */
+		return size > 1 &&
+			file->recs[i]->ptr[size - 2] == '\r';
+	if (!i)
+		/* The only line has no eol */
+		return -1;
+	/* Determine eol from second-to-last line */
+	return (size = file->recs[i - 1]->size) > 1 &&
+		file->recs[i - 1]->ptr[size - 2] == '\r';
 }
 
-static int xdl_orig_copy(xdfenv_t *xe, int i, int count, int add_nl, char *dest)
+static int is_cr_needed(xdfenv_t *xe1, xdfenv_t *xe2, xdmerge_t *m)
 {
-	return xdl_recs_copy_0(1, xe, i, count, add_nl, dest);
+	int needs_cr;
+
+	/* Match post-images' preceding, or first, lines' end-of-line style */
+	needs_cr = is_eol_crlf(&xe1->xdf2, m->i1 ? m->i1 - 1 : 0);
+	if (needs_cr)
+		needs_cr = is_eol_crlf(&xe2->xdf2, m->i2 ? m->i2 - 1 : 0);
+	/* Look at pre-image's first line, unless we already settled on LF */
+	if (needs_cr)
+		needs_cr = is_eol_crlf(&xe1->xdf1, 0);
+	/* If still undecided, use LF-only */
+	return needs_cr < 0 ? 0 : needs_cr;
 }
 
 static int fill_conflict_hunk(xdfenv_t *xe1, const char *name1,
@@ -152,16 +202,17 @@ static int fill_conflict_hunk(xdfenv_t *xe1, const char *name1,
 	int marker1_size = (name1 ? strlen(name1) + 1 : 0);
 	int marker2_size = (name2 ? strlen(name2) + 1 : 0);
 	int marker3_size = (name3 ? strlen(name3) + 1 : 0);
+	int needs_cr = is_cr_needed(xe1, xe2, m);
 
 	if (marker_size <= 0)
 		marker_size = DEFAULT_CONFLICT_MARKER_SIZE;
 
 	/* Before conflicting part */
-	size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, i, m->i1 - i, 0,
+	size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, i, m->i1 - i, 0, 0,
 			      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
 
 	if (!dest) {
-		size += marker_size + 1 + marker1_size;
+		size += marker_size + 1 + needs_cr + marker1_size;
 	} else {
 		memset(dest + size, '<', marker_size);
 		size += marker_size;
@@ -170,17 +221,19 @@ static int fill_conflict_hunk(xdfenv_t *xe1, const char *name1,
 			memcpy(dest + size + 1, name1, marker1_size - 1);
 			size += marker1_size;
 		}
+		if (needs_cr)
+			dest[size++] = '\r';
 		dest[size++] = '\n';
 	}
 
 	/* Postimage from side #1 */
-	size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, m->i1, m->chg1, 1,
+	size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, m->i1, m->chg1, needs_cr, 1,
 			      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
 
 	if (style == XDL_MERGE_DIFF3) {
 		/* Shared preimage */
 		if (!dest) {
-			size += marker_size + 1 + marker3_size;
+			size += marker_size + 1 + needs_cr + marker3_size;
 		} else {
 			memset(dest + size, '|', marker_size);
 			size += marker_size;
@@ -189,25 +242,29 @@ static int fill_conflict_hunk(xdfenv_t *xe1, const char *name1,
 				memcpy(dest + size + 1, name3, marker3_size - 1);
 				size += marker3_size;
 			}
+			if (needs_cr)
+				dest[size++] = '\r';
 			dest[size++] = '\n';
 		}
-		size += xdl_orig_copy(xe1, m->i0, m->chg0, 1,
+		size += xdl_orig_copy(xe1, m->i0, m->chg0, needs_cr, 1,
 				      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
 	}
 
 	if (!dest) {
-		size += marker_size + 1;
+		size += marker_size + 1 + needs_cr;
 	} else {
 		memset(dest + size, '=', marker_size);
 		size += marker_size;
+		if (needs_cr)
+			dest[size++] = '\r';
 		dest[size++] = '\n';
 	}
 
 	/* Postimage from side #2 */
-	size += xdl_recs_copy(xe2, m->i2, m->chg2, 1,
+	size += xdl_recs_copy(xe2, m->i2, m->chg2, needs_cr, 1,
 			      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
 	if (!dest) {
-		size += marker_size + 1 + marker2_size;
+		size += marker_size + 1 + needs_cr + marker2_size;
 	} else {
 		memset(dest + size, '>', marker_size);
 		size += marker_size;
@@ -216,6 +273,8 @@ static int fill_conflict_hunk(xdfenv_t *xe1, const char *name1,
 			memcpy(dest + size + 1, name2, marker2_size - 1);
 			size += marker2_size;
 		}
+		if (needs_cr)
+			dest[size++] = '\r';
 		dest[size++] = '\n';
 	}
 	return size;
@@ -241,21 +300,24 @@ static int xdl_fill_merge_buffer(xdfenv_t *xe1, const char *name1,
 						  marker_size);
 		else if (m->mode & 3) {
 			/* Before conflicting part */
-			size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, i, m->i1 - i, 0,
+			size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, i, m->i1 - i, 0, 0,
 					      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
 			/* Postimage from side #1 */
-			if (m->mode & 1)
-				size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, m->i1, m->chg1, (m->mode & 2),
+			if (m->mode & 1) {
+				int needs_cr = is_cr_needed(xe1, xe2, m);
+
+				size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, m->i1, m->chg1, needs_cr, (m->mode & 2),
 						      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
+			}
 			/* Postimage from side #2 */
 			if (m->mode & 2)
-				size += xdl_recs_copy(xe2, m->i2, m->chg2, 0,
+				size += xdl_recs_copy(xe2, m->i2, m->chg2, 0, 0,
 						      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
 		} else
 			continue;
 		i = m->i1 + m->chg1;
 	}
-	size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, i, xe1->xdf2.nrec - i, 0,
+	size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, i, xe1->xdf2.nrec - i, 0, 0,
 			      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
 	return size;
 }
@@ -579,8 +641,11 @@ int xdl_merge(mmfile_t *orig, mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2,
 	result->ptr = NULL;
 	result->size = 0;
 
-	if (xdl_do_diff(orig, mf1, xpp, &xe1) < 0 ||
-			xdl_do_diff(orig, mf2, xpp, &xe2) < 0) {
+	if (xdl_do_diff(orig, mf1, xpp, &xe1) < 0) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (xdl_do_diff(orig, mf2, xpp, &xe2) < 0) {
+		xdl_free_env(&xe1);
 		return -1;
 	}
 	if (xdl_change_compact(&xe1.xdf1, &xe1.xdf2, xpp->flags) < 0 ||
@@ -592,6 +657,8 @@ int xdl_merge(mmfile_t *orig, mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2,
 	if (xdl_change_compact(&xe2.xdf1, &xe2.xdf2, xpp->flags) < 0 ||
 	    xdl_change_compact(&xe2.xdf2, &xe2.xdf1, xpp->flags) < 0 ||
 	    xdl_build_script(&xe2, &xscr2) < 0) {
+		xdl_free_script(xscr1);
+		xdl_free_env(&xe1);
 		xdl_free_env(&xe2);
 		return -1;
 	}
diff --git a/xdiff/xpatience.c b/xdiff/xpatience.c
index 04e1a1ab2a..f3573d9f00 100644
--- a/xdiff/xpatience.c
+++ b/xdiff/xpatience.c
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  *  LibXDiff by Davide Libenzi ( File Differential Library )
- *  Copyright (C) 2003-2009 Davide Libenzi, Johannes E. Schindelin
+ *  Copyright (C) 2003-2016 Davide Libenzi, Johannes E. Schindelin
  *
  *  This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  *  modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
  *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  License along with this library; if not, see
+ *  <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  *
  *  Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
  *
@@ -62,6 +62,12 @@ struct hashmap {
 		 * initially, "next" reflects only the order in file1.
 		 */
 		struct entry *next, *previous;
+
+		/*
+		 * If 1, this entry can serve as an anchor. See
+		 * Documentation/diff-options.txt for more information.
+		 */
+		unsigned anchor : 1;
 	} *entries, *first, *last;
 	/* were common records found? */
 	unsigned long has_matches;
@@ -70,8 +76,19 @@ struct hashmap {
 	xpparam_t const *xpp;
 };
 
+static int is_anchor(xpparam_t const *xpp, const char *line)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < xpp->anchors_nr; i++) {
+		if (!strncmp(line, xpp->anchors[i], strlen(xpp->anchors[i])))
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /* The argument "pass" is 1 for the first file, 2 for the second. */
-static void insert_record(int line, struct hashmap *map, int pass)
+static void insert_record(xpparam_t const *xpp, int line, struct hashmap *map,
+			  int pass)
 {
 	xrecord_t **records = pass == 1 ?
 		map->env->xdf1.recs : map->env->xdf2.recs;
@@ -110,6 +127,7 @@ static void insert_record(int line, struct hashmap *map, int pass)
 		return;
 	map->entries[index].line1 = line;
 	map->entries[index].hash = record->ha;
+	map->entries[index].anchor = is_anchor(xpp, map->env->xdf1.recs[line - 1]->ptr);
 	if (!map->first)
 		map->first = map->entries + index;
 	if (map->last) {
@@ -147,11 +165,11 @@ static int fill_hashmap(mmfile_t *file1, mmfile_t *file2,
 
 	/* First, fill with entries from the first file */
 	while (count1--)
-		insert_record(line1++, result, 1);
+		insert_record(xpp, line1++, result, 1);
 
 	/* Then search for matches in the second file */
 	while (count2--)
-		insert_record(line2++, result, 2);
+		insert_record(xpp, line2++, result, 2);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -166,7 +184,7 @@ static int binary_search(struct entry **sequence, int longest,
 	int left = -1, right = longest;
 
 	while (left + 1 < right) {
-		int middle = (left + right) / 2;
+		int middle = left + (right - left) / 2;
 		/* by construction, no two entries can be equal */
 		if (sequence[middle]->line2 > entry->line2)
 			right = middle;
@@ -192,14 +210,28 @@ static struct entry *find_longest_common_sequence(struct hashmap *map)
 	int longest = 0, i;
 	struct entry *entry;
 
+	/*
+	 * If not -1, this entry in sequence must never be overridden.
+	 * Therefore, overriding entries before this has no effect, so
+	 * do not do that either.
+	 */
+	int anchor_i = -1;
+
 	for (entry = map->first; entry; entry = entry->next) {
 		if (!entry->line2 || entry->line2 == NON_UNIQUE)
 			continue;
 		i = binary_search(sequence, longest, entry);
 		entry->previous = i < 0 ? NULL : sequence[i];
-		sequence[++i] = entry;
-		if (i == longest)
+		++i;
+		if (i <= anchor_i)
+			continue;
+		sequence[i] = entry;
+		if (entry->anchor) {
+			anchor_i = i;
+			longest = anchor_i + 1;
+		} else if (i == longest) {
 			longest++;
+		}
 	}
 
 	/* No common unique lines were found */
diff --git a/xdiff/xprepare.c b/xdiff/xprepare.c
index 63a22c630e..abeb8fb84e 100644
--- a/xdiff/xprepare.c
+++ b/xdiff/xprepare.c
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
  *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  License along with this library; if not, see
+ *  <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  *
  *  Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
  *
@@ -301,10 +301,11 @@ int xdl_prepare_env(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2, xpparam_t const *xpp,
 
 		xdl_free_ctx(&xe->xdf2);
 		xdl_free_ctx(&xe->xdf1);
+		xdl_free_classifier(&cf);
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	if (!(xpp->flags & XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF))
+	if (XDF_DIFF_ALG(xpp->flags) != XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF)
 		xdl_free_classifier(&cf);
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/xdiff/xprepare.h b/xdiff/xprepare.h
index 8fb06a5374..947d9fc1bb 100644
--- a/xdiff/xprepare.h
+++ b/xdiff/xprepare.h
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
  *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  License along with this library; if not, see
+ *  <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  *
  *  Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
  *
diff --git a/xdiff/xtypes.h b/xdiff/xtypes.h
index 2511aef8d8..8442bd436e 100644
--- a/xdiff/xtypes.h
+++ b/xdiff/xtypes.h
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
  *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  License along with this library; if not, see
+ *  <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  *
  *  Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
  *
diff --git a/xdiff/xutils.c b/xdiff/xutils.c
index 62cb23dfd3..88e5995535 100644
--- a/xdiff/xutils.c
+++ b/xdiff/xutils.c
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
  *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  License along with this library; if not, see
+ *  <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  *
  *  Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
  *
@@ -156,6 +156,24 @@ int xdl_blankline(const char *line, long size, long flags)
 	return (i == size);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Have we eaten everything on the line, except for an optional
+ * CR at the very end?
+ */
+static int ends_with_optional_cr(const char *l, long s, long i)
+{
+	int complete = s && l[s-1] == '\n';
+
+	if (complete)
+		s--;
+	if (s == i)
+		return 1;
+	/* do not ignore CR at the end of an incomplete line */
+	if (complete && s == i + 1 && l[i] == '\r')
+		return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int xdl_recmatch(const char *l1, long s1, const char *l2, long s2, long flags)
 {
 	int i1, i2;
@@ -170,7 +188,8 @@ int xdl_recmatch(const char *l1, long s1, const char *l2, long s2, long flags)
 
 	/*
 	 * -w matches everything that matches with -b, and -b in turn
-	 * matches everything that matches with --ignore-space-at-eol.
+	 * matches everything that matches with --ignore-space-at-eol,
+	 * which in turn matches everything that matches with --ignore-cr-at-eol.
 	 *
 	 * Each flavor of ignoring needs different logic to skip whitespaces
 	 * while we have both sides to compare.
@@ -200,8 +219,18 @@ int xdl_recmatch(const char *l1, long s1, const char *l2, long s2, long flags)
 				return 0;
 		}
 	} else if (flags & XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL) {
-		while (i1 < s1 && i2 < s2 && l1[i1++] == l2[i2++])
-			; /* keep going */
+		while (i1 < s1 && i2 < s2 && l1[i1] == l2[i2]) {
+			i1++;
+			i2++;
+		}
+	} else if (flags & XDF_IGNORE_CR_AT_EOL) {
+		/* Find the first difference and see how the line ends */
+		while (i1 < s1 && i2 < s2 && l1[i1] == l2[i2]) {
+			i1++;
+			i2++;
+		}
+		return (ends_with_optional_cr(l1, s1, i1) &&
+			ends_with_optional_cr(l2, s2, i2));
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -228,9 +257,16 @@ static unsigned long xdl_hash_record_with_whitespace(char const **data,
 		char const *top, long flags) {
 	unsigned long ha = 5381;
 	char const *ptr = *data;
+	int cr_at_eol_only = (flags & XDF_WHITESPACE_FLAGS) == XDF_IGNORE_CR_AT_EOL;
 
 	for (; ptr < top && *ptr != '\n'; ptr++) {
-		if (XDL_ISSPACE(*ptr)) {
+		if (cr_at_eol_only) {
+			/* do not ignore CR at the end of an incomplete line */
+			if (*ptr == '\r' &&
+			    (ptr + 1 < top && ptr[1] == '\n'))
+				continue;
+		}
+		else if (XDL_ISSPACE(*ptr)) {
 			const char *ptr2 = ptr;
 			int at_eol;
 			while (ptr + 1 < top && XDL_ISSPACE(ptr[1])
@@ -262,110 +298,6 @@ static unsigned long xdl_hash_record_with_whitespace(char const **data,
 	return ha;
 }
 
-#ifdef XDL_FAST_HASH
-
-#define REPEAT_BYTE(x)  ((~0ul / 0xff) * (x))
-
-#define ONEBYTES	REPEAT_BYTE(0x01)
-#define NEWLINEBYTES	REPEAT_BYTE(0x0a)
-#define HIGHBITS	REPEAT_BYTE(0x80)
-
-/* Return the high bit set in the first byte that is a zero */
-static inline unsigned long has_zero(unsigned long a)
-{
-	return ((a - ONEBYTES) & ~a) & HIGHBITS;
-}
-
-static inline long count_masked_bytes(unsigned long mask)
-{
-	if (sizeof(long) == 8) {
-		/*
-		 * Jan Achrenius on G+: microoptimized version of
-		 * the simpler "(mask & ONEBYTES) * ONEBYTES >> 56"
-		 * that works for the bytemasks without having to
-		 * mask them first.
-		 */
-		/*
-		 * return mask * 0x0001020304050608 >> 56;
-		 *
-		 * Doing it like this avoids warnings on 32-bit machines.
-		 */
-		long a = (REPEAT_BYTE(0x01) / 0xff + 1);
-		return mask * a >> (sizeof(long) * 7);
-	} else {
-		/* Carl Chatfield / Jan Achrenius G+ version for 32-bit */
-		/* (000000 0000ff 00ffff ffffff) -> ( 1 1 2 3 ) */
-		long a = (0x0ff0001 + mask) >> 23;
-		/* Fix the 1 for 00 case */
-		return a & mask;
-	}
-}
-
-unsigned long xdl_hash_record(char const **data, char const *top, long flags)
-{
-	unsigned long hash = 5381;
-	unsigned long a = 0, mask = 0;
-	char const *ptr = *data;
-	char const *end = top - sizeof(unsigned long) + 1;
-
-	if (flags & XDF_WHITESPACE_FLAGS)
-		return xdl_hash_record_with_whitespace(data, top, flags);
-
-	ptr -= sizeof(unsigned long);
-	do {
-		hash += hash << 5;
-		hash ^= a;
-		ptr += sizeof(unsigned long);
-		if (ptr >= end)
-			break;
-		a = *(unsigned long *)ptr;
-		/* Do we have any '\n' bytes in this word? */
-		mask = has_zero(a ^ NEWLINEBYTES);
-	} while (!mask);
-
-	if (ptr >= end) {
-		/*
-		 * There is only a partial word left at the end of the
-		 * buffer. Because we may work with a memory mapping,
-		 * we have to grab the rest byte by byte instead of
-		 * blindly reading it.
-		 *
-		 * To avoid problems with masking in a signed value,
-		 * we use an unsigned char here.
-		 */
-		const char *p;
-		for (p = top - 1; p >= ptr; p--)
-			a = (a << 8) + *((const unsigned char *)p);
-		mask = has_zero(a ^ NEWLINEBYTES);
-		if (!mask)
-			/*
-			 * No '\n' found in the partial word.  Make a
-			 * mask that matches what we read.
-			 */
-			mask = 1UL << (8 * (top - ptr) + 7);
-	}
-
-	/* The mask *below* the first high bit set */
-	mask = (mask - 1) & ~mask;
-	mask >>= 7;
-	hash += hash << 5;
-	hash ^= a & mask;
-
-	/* Advance past the last (possibly partial) word */
-	ptr += count_masked_bytes(mask);
-
-	if (ptr < top) {
-		assert(*ptr == '\n');
-		ptr++;
-	}
-
-	*data = ptr;
-
-	return hash;
-}
-
-#else /* XDL_FAST_HASH */
-
 unsigned long xdl_hash_record(char const **data, char const *top, long flags) {
 	unsigned long ha = 5381;
 	char const *ptr = *data;
@@ -382,8 +314,6 @@ unsigned long xdl_hash_record(char const **data, char const *top, long flags) {
 	return ha;
 }
 
-#endif /* XDL_FAST_HASH */
-
 unsigned int xdl_hashbits(unsigned int size) {
 	unsigned int val = 1, bits = 0;
 
diff --git a/xdiff/xutils.h b/xdiff/xutils.h
index 4646ce5752..fba7bae03c 100644
--- a/xdiff/xutils.h
+++ b/xdiff/xutils.h
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
  *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  License along with this library; if not, see
+ *  <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  *
  *  Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
  *
diff --git a/zlib.c b/zlib.c
index 4223f1a8c5..d594cba3fc 100644
--- a/zlib.c
+++ b/zlib.c
@@ -52,9 +52,9 @@ static void zlib_post_call(git_zstream *s)
 	bytes_consumed = s->z.next_in - s->next_in;
 	bytes_produced = s->z.next_out - s->next_out;
 	if (s->z.total_out != s->total_out + bytes_produced)
-		die("BUG: total_out mismatch");
+		BUG("total_out mismatch");
 	if (s->z.total_in != s->total_in + bytes_consumed)
-		die("BUG: total_in mismatch");
+		BUG("total_in mismatch");
 
 	s->total_out = s->z.total_out;
 	s->total_in = s->z.total_in;